bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of the millipede tribe Brachyiulini Verhoeff, 1909 (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), with descriptions of new taxa
Authors: VAGALINSKI BOYAN , LAZÁNYI ESZTER
Published: May 2018

A comprehensive taxonomic revision of the circum-Mediterranean julid tribe Brachyiulini is undertaken. A total of 13 genera and 103 species are assigned to the tribe. One new genus, one new subgenus, and 10 new species are described from Greece, Turkey or Iran: Byzantorhopalum (Byzantorhopalum) elephantum sp. n., B. (Ioniulus) clavamum subgen. n., sp. n., Cyphobrachyiulus (Cyphobrachyiulus) spartanus sp. n., C. (Diaxylus) graecus sp. n., Graecoiulus skopelius gen. n., sp. n., Italoiulus poseidoni sp. n., Omobrachyiulus strasseri sp. n., Pontobrachyiulus falciferus sp. n., P. lohmanderi sp. n., Syriobrachyiulus golovatchi sp. n. 13 species are redescribed in detail, while the descriptions of another 36 species are complemented. The genera Anaulaciulus Pocock, 1895 and Mammamia Akkari et al., 2011 are formally excluded from the Brachyiulini. The following former subgenera of the genus MegaphyllumVerhoeff, 1894 are elevated to full genera: Byzantorhopalum Verhoeff, 1930, Cyphobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1900, Iraniulus Attems, 1951, Italoiulus Attems, 1940, Omobrachyiulus Lohmander, 1936, Pontobrachyiulus Lohmander, 1936, Syriobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1930. The genera Acropoditius Strasser, 1980 and Rhamphidoiulus Attems, 1905 are downgraded to subgenera of the genus Cyphobrachyiulus. The subgenera Phauloiulus Attems, 1940 and Persebrachyiulus Golovatch, 1983 are new subjective synonyms of Byzantorhopalum Verhoeff, 1930 and Syriobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1930, respectively. The monophyly of the Brachyiulini in its current taxonomic composition is proven by morphological data, and supported by molecular and spermatological data in addition. The biogeographic affinities of the different tribal subgroups are briefly discussed.
Detection of Anthropogenic Influence on Fixed Threshold Indices of Extreme Temperature
Authors: Yin Hong , Sun Ying
Published: May 2018

Threshold indices of extreme temperature are defined based on temperature values that fall above or below fixed thresholds and thus have important implications for agriculture, engineering, and human health. Here, we focus on four extreme temperature fixed threshold indices and their detection and attribution at the global and continental scales, as well as within China. These indices include the number of days with daily minimum temperatures below 0°C [frost days (FD)] and above 20°C [tropical nights (TR)] and the number of days with daily maximum temperatures below 0°C [ice days (ID)] and above 25°C [summer days (SU)]. We employ an optimal fingerprinting method to compare the spatial and temporal changes in these fixed threshold indices assessed from observations and simulations performed with multiple models. We find that an anthropogenic signal can be robustly detected in these fixed threshold indices at scales of over the globe, most of the continents, and China. A natural signal cannot be identified in the changes in most of the indices, thus indicating the dominant role of anthropogenic forcing in producing these changes. In North and South America, the models show poor performance in reproducing the fixed threshold indices related to daily maximum temperature. The changes in summer days are not clearly related to their responses to external forcing over these two continents. This study provides a useful complement to other detection studies and sheds light on the importance of anthropogenic forcing in determining most of the fixed threshold indices at the global scale and over most of the continents, compared with internal variability.
A Laboratory Study of Iceberg Side Melting in Vertically Sheared Flows
Authors: FitzMaurice A. , Cenedese C. , Straneo F.
Published: May 2018

An earlier study indicates that the side melting of icebergs subject to vertically homogeneous horizontal velocities is controlled by two distinct regimes, which depend on the melt plume behavior and produce a nonlinear dependence of side melt rate on velocity. Here, we extend this study to consider ice blocks melting in a two-layer vertically sheared flow in a laboratory setting. It is found that the use of the vertically averaged flow speed in current melt parameterizations gives an underestimate of the submarine side melt rate, in part because of the nonlinearity of the dependence of the side melt rate on flow speed but also because vertical shear in the horizontal velocity profile fundamentally changes the flow splitting around the ice block and consequently the velocity felt by the ice surface. An observational record of 90 icebergs in a Greenland fjord suggests that this effect could produce an average underestimate of iceberg side melt rates of 21%.
A Multivariate Empirical Orthogonal Function Method to Construct Nitrate Maps in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Liang Yu-Chiao , Mazloff Matthew R. , Rosso Isabella , Fang Shih-Wei , Yu Jin-Yi
Published: May 2018

The ability to construct nitrate maps in the Southern Ocean (SO) from sparse observations is important for marine biogeochemistry research, as it offers a geographical estimate of biological productivity. The goal of this study is to infer the skill of constructed SO nitrate maps using varying data sampling strategies. The mapping method uses multivariate empirical orthogonal functions (MEOFs) constructed from nitrate, salinity, and potential temperature (N-S-T) fields from a biogeochemical general circulation model simulation Synthetic N-S-T datasets are created by sampling modeled N-S-T fields in specific regions, determined either by random selection or by selecting regions over a certain threshold of nitrate temporal variances. The first 500 MEOF modes, determined by their capability to reconstruct the original N-S-T fields, are projected onto these synthetic N-S-T data to construct time-varying nitrate maps. Normalized root-mean-square errors (NRMSEs) are calculated between the constructed nitrate maps and the original modeled fields for different sampling strategies. The sampling strategy according to nitrate variances is shown to yield maps with lower NRMSEs than mapping adopting random sampling. A k-means cluster method that considers the N-S-T combined variances to identify key regions to insert data is most effective in reducing the mapping errors. These findings are further quantified by a series of mapping error analyses that also address the significance of data sampling density. The results provide a sampling framework to prioritize the deployment of biogeochemical Argo floats for constructing nitrate maps.
Assessing the Relationships Among Forgiveness by God, God Images, and Death Anxiety
Authors: Krause Neal , Hill Peter C.
Published: May 2018

Previous research suggests that people who feel forgiven by God may experience lower levels of death anxiety. The purpose of the current study is to contribute to this work by assessing whether the relationship between forgiveness by God and death anxiety varies according to how people view God. Three images of God are assessed: a pantheistic view of God, a theistic view of God, and a deistic view of God. Data from nationwide survey that was conducted in 2014 ( N = 2,650) suggest that the relationship between forgiveness by God and death anxiety is strongest among people with a theistic view of God, significantly weaker among people with a pantheistic view of God, and not significant among individuals with a deistic view of God. The findings point to the importance of taking views of God into account when assessing the relationship between forgiveness by God and death anxiety.
Research on the male lower torso for improving underwear design
Authors: Cheng Zhe , Kuzmichev V.E.
Published: May 2018

Increasing demands on contemporary men's underwear have affected the design method, including structure, knitted materials in accordance with male body morphology, comfort perception, and possible reshaping of soft tissues. The aims of this paper are to study body measurements to renew and to improve anthropometric and methodological databases, to classify the male lower torso into several size-based subtypes, and to refine body measurements for underwear design for the Chinese market. By means of scanning technology, we have obtained new information about male bodies’ morphology and established the sizing system for labeling of underwear in according with consumer demands. The new classification has two main levels and six stages to determine the lower torso and prominent local areas in the front and back. The new body measurements have improved the method of underwear design, making the underwear more comfortable and suitable for individual morphological features.
Molar and molecular mobilities: The politics of perceptible and imperceptible movements
Authors: Merriman Peter
Published: May 2018

In this paper, I examine the processes through which movements emerge and are rendered perceptible or imperceptible, building upon the writings of geographers, mobility scholars and philosophers who have sought to overcome or efface the binary of mobility/stasis without flattening differences or overlooking questions of ‘the political’. The paper does this by distinguishing between ‘molar’ and ‘molecular’ movements, drawing upon Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s A Thousand Plateaus to trace how perceptions of movement and stasis emerge in a world that is in process and becoming. The molar and molecular are not presented as opposed terms in binary tension, but as overlapping tendencies or ‘segmentations’. I argue that a focus on movements and political forces that are becoming-molar and becoming-molecular requires mobility scholars and political theorists to move beyond narrow definitions founded upon binaries of mobility/stasis, the political/apolitical, and micro/macro. In doing this, the paper seeks to advance debates in geography, mobility studies and contemporary philosophy on processual thinking, vibrant matter, micropolitics and the politics of affect. Drawing upon the example of the Israeli separation wall in the West Bank, I then examine how molecular movements and affects are important for understanding the multiple movements and complex materialities of seemingly static molar entities.
Let’s get rich: Multilevel marketing and the moral economy in Siberia
Authors: Schiffauer Leonie
Published: May 2018

Multinational multilevel marketing companies like Amway advertise the opportunity to get rich by selling their products and by recruiting further salespeople into their schemes. Multilevel marketing is a highly contested industry worldwide because of its predatory marketing strategies, exaggerated promises and the fact that only few participants are successful in their attempt to make money. This paper examines the moral logics of multilevel marketing in a rural part of Southeast Siberia, exploring how Amway manages to thrive on the basis of intimate social relationships. I argue that it is not only individual aspirations and the dream of great wealth which makes people join multilevel marketing schemes, but that feelings of obligation, expectations of support and intimate pressure are crucial for pushing people towards such economic activity.
Energy and exergy analysis of a CI engine fuelled with polanga oil methyl ester
Authors: Panigrahi Nabnit
Published: May 2018

This study extant, energy and exergy analysis of a CI engine running on PB20 (20% polanga biodiesel by volume blended with 80% diesel by volume) mixture of 20% polanga oil methyl ester (POME) with 80% diesel by volume) and diesel. The results of the study show that the heat loss percentage is maximum, and the exhaust loss percentage is minimum for the tested fuels in energy distribution. The percentage of exergy destruction is maximum, and exergy due to heat loss percentage is minimum for the tested fuels during exergy breakdown. PB20 provides 1.4% less energy to the engine than diesel fuel to give the same power. The rate of heat transfer for PB20 is more than that of diesel. Energy loss due to exhaust gas for PB20 is 13% less than that of diesel fuel. The exergy input is about 6–7% higher than the fuel energy input. Exergy destruction of diesel is more than that of PB20 by 3.18%. Exergy loss due to heat loss of PB20 is higher than that of diesel by 1.5%. Overall, the test results indicate that better combustion and efficiencies with less irreversibility are found with biodiesel. Uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis are carried out by considering the temperature parameter. The uncertainty lies between the true values. Thus, PB20 can be a partial replacement for diesel as a fuel.
The effect of risk perception on willingness to pay for reductions in the health risks posed by particulate matter 2.5: A case study of Beijing, China
Authors: Xu Zhihua , Shan Jingzhu
Published: May 2018

Particulate air pollution is a serious problem and has received extensive attention in Beijing. The public might amplify the health risks because of the visibility and frequency of haze, potentially leading to anxiety and panic. Public risk perception might affect individual behaviors and their willingness to pay for improving air quality. We used contingent valuation method and psychometric paradigm to investigate public risk perception and elicit willingness to pay for reductions in the health risk posed by fine particulate matter 2.5 smaller than 2.5 microns in width in Beijing, China. The logit model results showed that the level of fear and four characteristics of risk perception—familiarity, scope of impact, relevance to individual, and voluntariness—had significant effects on respondents’ payment decision. The ordinary least squares model results showed the level of anxiety, anger, and satisfaction about the current situation and four characteristics of risk perception—scope of impact, overall risk, duration of effects, and controllability—had significant effects on the amount of willingness to pay.
Energy yield potentials from the anaerobic digestion of common animal manure in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Khondokar M , Harder MK , Woodard Ryan
Published: May 2018

This study provides previously unavailable field data relating to the biogas and methane yields from supervised authentic anaerobic digesters using the most common animal manure in Bangladesh: cow dung, poultry litter and town cattle market straw which are found to produce biogas yields of 0.034, 0.030 and 0.142 m3/kg respectively, with methane concentrations of 60% and 62% and 74% respectively and total solids of 19, 23 and 45 respectively. It also reports indications that in unsupervised plant issues with underfeeding, improper water mixing and irregular feeding are very common – all of which can significantly reduce yields. The figures above should thus be treated as maximum, optimum field values. These results provide reliable data for use in scaling up for national energy and investment planning, as they related directly to common scenarios of family smallholdings, common sized poultry farms and town cattle markets in Bangladesh where there is a reliance on combustion of local wood and dung biomass for cooking, creating air pollution, health and environmental degradation issues.
Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as markers of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus: the controversy continues
Authors: El-serougy E , Zayed H S , Ibrahim N M , Maged L A
Published: May 2018

Objective

The objective of this paper is to investigate the utility of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as markers of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.

Patients and methods

Sixty-nine SLE patients with symptoms and signs of infection proved by culture and/or a favorable response to antibiotics and 69 SLE patients without infection were included. Serum PCT and plasma high-sensitivity CRP were assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

SLE patients with infection had a significantly higher level of CRP than those without infection ((median (IQR) 104.5 (25.5–100.9) and 10.3 (5.4–23.1) mg/l, respectively), p<0.001).

Conclusion

Serum PCT could not differentiate SLE patients with or without bacterial infection in this study, while the utility of CRP as a marker of infection has been confirmed.
Early Lupus Project: one-year follow-up of an Italian cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus of recent onset
Authors: Sebastiani G D , Prevete I , Iuliano A , Piga M , Iannone F , Coladonato L , Govoni M , Bortoluzzi A , Mosca M , Tani C , Doria A , Iaccarino L , Tincani A , Fredi M , Conti F , Spinelli F R , Galeazzi M , Bellisai F , Zanetti A , Carrara G , Scirè C A , Mathieu A
Published: May 2018

Objective

To describe the clinical and serological features of a prospectively followed cohort of early diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients during a one-year follow-up period.

Methods

SLE patients with disease duration less than 12 months were consecutively enrolled in a multicentre, prospective study. At study entry and then every 6 months, a large panel of data was recorded.

Results

Of 260 patients enrolled, 185 had at least 12 months of follow-up; of these, 84.3% were female, 92.4% were Caucasians. Mean diagnostic delay was about 20 months; higher values of European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM) and of organs/systems involved were both associated with shorter diagnostic delay. Clinical and serological parameters improved after study entry. However, patients' quality of life deteriorated and cardiovascular risk factors significantly increased. About one-third of patients with active disease at study entry went into remission (ECLAM = 0). Negative predictors for remission were: oral ulcers, arthritis, low C4, anti-SSB (Ro) antibodies and therapy with mycophenolate. There was a widespread use of glucocorticoids both at baseline and during follow-up.

Conclusion

Clinical symptoms and serological parameters improve during the first period after diagnosis. However, patients’ quality of life deteriorates. The widespread use of glucocorticoids is probably the reason for the early significant increase of some cardiovascular risk factors.
Scripting Women’s Studies: Neera Desai on Feminism, Feminist Movements and Struggles
Authors: Poonacha Veena
Published: May 2018

Neera Desai’s pioneering effort to introduce women’s studies into the university system was born out of her commitment to women’s equality. She visualized women’s studies as a movement within the academia to challenge the theoretical rationale for oppressive socio-economic and political institutions and structures. Seeking to excavate the intellectual and ideological moorings of this remarkable woman, this paper reviews her last major work, titled, Feminism as Experience: Thoughts and Narratives (2006). The exploration reveals not only her academic interest in the study of movements, but also her intimate connect with the groundswells of feminist politics in India for over six decades. Against this rich and varied history of twentieth century Indian women’s movement in Western India, Neera Desai, presents the oral histories of women, who were in the forefront of the struggle. This paper, then examines her earlier work, entitled The Social Construction of Feminist Consciousness: A Study of Ideology and Self Awareness among Women Leader (1992) to uncover the changing frames of her research.
UN Peacekeeping Challenges, Solutions and South Asia’s Stance
Authors: Nagar Shantanu
Published: May 2018

The term peacekeeping is not included in the United Nations (UN) charter. The UN defines peacekeeping as ‘an operation involving military personnel, but without enforcement powers, established by the United Nations to help maintain or restore international peace and security in areas of conflict’ (White 1997). During the Cold War period, peacekeeping was mainly confined to Middle East, parts of Africa and other regional conflicts, which were mainly associated with de-colonisation. The major limitations are created when the states decline to offer forces for the peacekeeping operations, as is evident in the case of recent peacekeeping operations in Africa. The UN peacekeeping underwent a great expansion along with new mandates in the early part of 1990s. This resulted in a huge increase in the requirement of peacekeepers along with a rising budget and this led to a huge gap in terms of commitment and capability needed and what was provided. Greater number of resources including peacekeeping troops were required than what was actually made available. The two most egregious failures occurred in Srebrenica, Bosnia–Herzegovina, and in Rwanda. These failures have resulted in UN taking up several new measures in order to improve the peacekeeping operations. This article tries to highlight the impending governance issues of UN along with the adopted solutions to solve the issues. It also tries to highlight South Asia’s and India’s stance with respect to the UN peacekeeping operations and tries to argue that South Asian Nations should rethink its policy with respect to UN peacekeeping and adopt a smarter and more strategic approach towards its future engagement.
Jump-based estimation for nonlinear stiffness and damping parameters
Authors: Lu Ze-Qi , Hu Guang-Shen , Ding Hu , Chen Li-Qun
Published: May 2018

To overcome the limitation that only stiffness nonlinearity can be estimated via jump frequencies, this work introduces jump amplitudes as a supplement condition in the estimation of both stiffness and damping nonlinearities. An estimation method is proposed for a single-degree-of-freedom system containing both stiffness and damping nonlinearities. The idea may be applied to other nonlinear systems. The method is based on the measurements of both jump frequencies and jump amplitudes of the system subject to swept-sine excitations respectively in frequency and in amplitude. The experimental data yield frequency response curves at a fixed excitation amplitude and amplitude response curves at a fixed frequency. Based on the measured jump frequencies and jump amplitudes of the displacements, the system parameters can be determined by the method of harmonic balance. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach and to check approximate explicit analytical expressions of the parameter estimation. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, an experiment is performed on a vibration isolator with strongly nonlinear stiffness and damping. The estimation results show that the proposed method can estimate the stiffness and the damping parameters of the system with strong nonlinearities. Hence exploiting the knowledge about nonlinear jump phenomena is a promising approach to parameter estimations.
Semi-analytical solutions of the nonlinear oscillator with a matrix Lagrange multiplier
Authors: Cheng Hua , Yu Yong-Yan
Published: May 2018

In this paper, a semi-analytical method based on variational iteration formulae is proposed. Second-order nonlinear oscillator equations are numerically investigated by this method. A matrix Lagrange multiplier is given to derive analytical solutions and compared with the old one by use of the same order approximation. The initial value is updated successively and numerical solutions are obtained.
Redefining the market: A treatise on exchange and shared understanding
Authors: Lusch Robert F. , Watts Jameson K. M.
Published: May 2018

Marketing executives operate in increasingly complex marketplaces characterized by global competition, accelerating sustainability concerns, and an increased focus on innovation. This complexity risks a fragmentation of thought more severe than that which Theodore Levitt discussed in his seminal article on marketing myopia. Indeed, we’ve become market myopic as a discipline and lost focus on the generalities that apply to markets and exchange more broadly. Our goal is to provide a description of the modern marketplace that allows us to re-envision this complexity as a symptom of a more general phenomenon. We do this by arguing that market complexity can (and should) be understood as a consequence of the circular relationship between exchange and shared understanding. We then show how this relationship can be expressed in simple terms using vectors to symbolize the degree to which this understanding is shared across actors and the rate at which this “shared-ness” is changing in time. The resulting model allows us to cast the variety and variability of the complex modern marketplace as a symptom of shared understanding dynamics. This, in turn, helps us move beyond the morass of contextual idiosyncrasy and toward a more parsimonious description of the market.
Choosing strategies that work from the start: A mixed methods study to understand effective development of community–academic partnerships
Authors: Gomez Emily , Drahota Amy , Stahmer Aubyn C
Published: May 2018

Community–academic partnerships are believed to increase the effectiveness and feasibility of action research. While factors facilitating and hindering community–academic partnerships have been identified, their influence on the collaborative process is unknown, especially during community–academic partnership initiation and development. This explanatory sequential mixed methods study (quantitative→QUALITATIVE) evaluated perspectives of members in an autism community–academic partnership to determine frequently endorsed and influential factors facilitating and hindering the collaborative process during the community–academic partnership’s development. Participants ( n = 11; community stakeholders, implementation scientist, and researchers) endorsed and ranked the importance of factors present in the formation of the community–academic partnership then completed a semi-structured qualitative interview to elaborate on survey responses. Interviews were coded using a coding, comparison, and consensus method and analyzed using the Rapid Assessment Process for frequency and salience of themes across interviews. Integrating mixed methods yielded ranked factors that were perceived to facilitate and hinder the development of the community–academic partnership, and highlighted the relative influence of interpersonal factors on the facilitation of community–academic partnership processes and organizational factors on the hindrance of community–academic partnership processes during development. Some discrepancies emerged between community and academic partners. Results may assist to improve the development of community–academic partnerships, which is becoming increasingly important in healthcare services research, dissemination, and implementation.
Conversing With Kalamazoo Promise Scholars: An Inquiry Into the Beliefs, Motivations, and Experiences of Tuition-Free College Students
Authors: Collier Daniel A. , Parnther Ceceilia
Published: May 2018

This qualitative inquiry explores students’ ( N=20) perceptions of Kalamazoo Promise (KPromise), how perceptions influence student motivation, and by what means students are covering remaining costs. Responses indicated deep appreciation of KPromise, built through community efforts. Perceptions of KPromise have developed into strong motivation to perform and in times of underperformance drove guilt. As KPromise scholars assume uncovered costs, most are doing so via work. Half of the participants possess student loan debt, mostly to pay for larger up-front costs or emergencies. KPromise students still expeience financial distress; however, when put into context with non-Promise peers, these students recognize how KPromise eases such. Discussion centers on using this research in giving voice to students within tuition-free discourse and in helping institutional stakeholders better understand tuition-free students’ experiences.
Assessing Curriculum Efficiency Through Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Torres David , Crichigno Jorge , Sanchez Carmella
Published: May 2018

A Monte Carlo algorithm is designed to predict the average time to graduate by enrolling virtual students in a degree plan. The algorithm can be used to improve graduation rates by identifying bottlenecks in a degree plan (e.g., low pass rate courses and prerequisites). Random numbers are used to determine whether students pass or fail classes by comparing them to institutional pass rates. Courses cannot be taken unless prerequisites and corequisites are satisfied. The output of the algorithm generates a relative frequency distribution which plots the number of students who graduate by semester. Pass rates of courses can be changed to determine the courses that have the greatest impact on the time to graduate. Prerequisites can also be removed to determine whether certain prerequisites significantly affect the time to graduate.
Re-treatment of an unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm using the new pCONus 2 device: Description of a case
Authors: Varrassi Marco , Carducci Sergio , Giordano Aldo V , Masciocchi Carlo
Published: May 2018

Endovascular approach represents today the first option in treatment of ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Nevertheless, wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms still represent a technical challenge for endovascular treatment due to the need to protect vessels arising next to the aneurysmal neck. A variety of devices have been implemented to ensure adequate assistance for coiling of these lesions. Among these devices, the new pCONus 2 represents an evolution of the well-known pCONus; compared to the previous one in fact, it allows a degree of articulation and flexibility between the shaft and the distal part (crown), making it more suitable for treatment of aneurysms presenting an angle between the longitudinal axis of the dome and parent vessel. We report our first case using pCONus 2 in the re-treatment of an unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm in a 57-year-old man, showing evident recanalization two years after coiling.
Quantification of tantalum sedimentation rates in liquid embolic agents
Authors: Mason JR , Dodge C , Benndorf G
Published: May 2018

Background

Endovascular treatment (EVT) of brain arteriovenous malformations has evolved from cyanoacrylate derivatives such as N-butyl cyanoacrylate, an adhesive glue, to ethylene vinyl copolymer-based liquid embolics such as Onyx® and SQUID® dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. Although these agents offer several advantages, their rapidly decreasing radiopacity, as a result of the sedimentation of tantalum powder, compromises visual control during EVT. This study aims to quantify and compare tantalum sedimentation rates of several liquid embolic agents, and determine their effects on radiopacity.

Methods

The rate of sedimentation of liquid embolics Onyx 18®, SQUID 12®, and SQUID 18® was measured after preparation by single x-ray exposures for a period of 30 minutes. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the suspension of each liquid embolic was calculated at various time points as tantalum settled out of the suspension. Precipitating Hydrophobic Injectable Liquid (PHIL®) was imaged as a control.

Results

Onyx 18® demonstrated the fastest sedimentation rate of the liquid embolics analyzed and demonstrated a threefold faster drop in SNR compared to SQUID 18® over 30 minutes. Onyx 18® demonstrated a one and a half times faster drop in SNR compared to SQUID 12®. Although PHIL 25® maintained constant SNR over the same time, it was lower at baseline immediately after preparation compared to tantalum-based liquids.

Conclusion

Caution during long injections using tantalum-based agents is advised. Onyx 18® has a significantly faster drop in radiopacity compared to SQUID 12® and SQUID 18®. Covalently bonded iodine-based embolics like PHIL® demonstrate constant radiopacity over time.
Contralateral extensive cerebral hemorrhagic venous infarction caused by retrograde venous reflux into the opposite basal vein of Rosenthal in posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: A case report and literature review
Authors: Iampreechakul Prasert , Tanpun Adisak , Lertbusayanukul Punjama , Siriwimonmas Somkiet
Published: May 2018

We describe a patient with traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF), subsequently developing contralateral extensive hemorrhagic venous infarction from retrograde venous reflux into the opposite basal vein of Rosenthal. A 54-year-old woman was involved in a motor vehicle accident and sustained severe traumatic brain injury. Two months later, she developed bilateral proptosis and audible bruit. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the brain demonstrated the right direct CCF. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images showed a small hyperintense area at the left basal ganglia. Ten days later, she developed right-sided grade 2/5 hemiparesis, facial upper motor neuron weakness, and cognitive impairment. Follow-up MRI showed significant progression of hyperintensities involving the left-sided centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, thalamus, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, basal frontal, temporal lobes, especially subcortical white matter on FLAIR images, and multiple hypointense foci of hemorrhagic component on T2*-weighted gradient-echo images, representing hemorrhagic venous infarction. While waiting for embolization, she rapidly developed right hemiplegia and aphasia, and became somnolent. Under general anesthesia, emergency endovascular treatment was performed successfully to obliterate the fistula without surgical intervention. Five months after endovascular treatment, MRI and MRA confirmed no residual fistula and revealed nearly complete resolution of abnormal increased signal intensity. In the present case, the factors related to the presence of this rare condition were absence of the ipsilateral basal vein of Rosenthal (BVR), occlusion of posterior segment of the contralateral superior petrosal sinus, and a developed uncal vein with hypoplastic second and third segments of the contralateral BVR.
Emergent, distributed, and orchestrated: Understanding leadership through frame analysis
Authors: Alvehus Johan
Published: May 2018

Leadership scholars are beginning to understand leadership as a distributed phenomenon, produced in interaction and emerging in social situations. Although this perspective has contributed to understanding leadership processes in more detail, it has also been noted that its proponents have largely neglected power and asymmetrical hierarchical relations. In this paper, I address these issues by drawing on Erving Goffman’s notion of frame analysis. Through detailed analysis of the interactions in a core-values session, I show how leadership processes that appear to be distributed and emergent from the participants’ framework appear orchestrated when understood from the manager’s framework. The analysis reveals how power asymmetries operate in the framing of the situation, and how the experience of leadership differs among participants. Talk, text, tools, and movements in time and space all contribute to establish frameworks, and differences in access to these modalities show power asymmetries. The paper highlights how the experience of leadership is framed and how power asymmetries constitute this framing. It thereby contributes to multimodal, constructivist theories of distributed leadership by showing how leadership is simultaneously emergent, distributed, and orchestrated.
The end of pan-Arab media? National, transnational media and identity in Morocco, Tunisia and Jordan after 2011
Authors: Sarnelli Viola , Lomazzi Vera
Published: May 2018

The article explores the relation between identity definition and trust in different information sources in Morocco, Jordan and Tunisia following the 2011 Uprisings. While prior to 2011 literature mostly highlighted the role of pan-Arab news channels in consolidating a transnational Arab public sphere, recent studies argued that there has been a reinforcement of national media and identities in the Middle East and North Africa, as a consequence of a partial liberalisation of national broadcasting. Our study is based on the Arab Transformations survey (2014), which unlike previous surveys included questions covering both media consumption and identity definition. We looked at how in the three countries the choice of Muslim, Arab or national identity definition was associated with the preference for distinct sources of political news. The results only partially confirmed the hypothesis of a renewed importance of national media and showed that in the three countries people tended to attribute very different values to the same news sources.
Intrinsic apoptosis circumvents the functional decline of circulating platelets but does not cause the storage lesion
Authors: Pleines Irina , Lebois Marion , Gangatirkar Pradnya , Au Amanda E. , Lane Rachael M. , Henley Katya J. , Kauppi Maria , Corbin Jason , Cannon Ping , Bernardini Jonathan , Alwis Imala , Jarman Kate E. , Ellis Sarah , Metcalf Donald , Jackson Shaun P. , Schoenwaelder Simone M. , Kile Benjamin T. , Josefsson Emma C.
Published: May 2018

Key Points

BAK/BAX depletion in murine platelets reveals that intrinsic apoptosis is not required for the development of the platelet storage lesion. Restriction of platelet life span by intrinsic apoptosis is pivotal to maintain a functional, hemostatically reactive platelet population.
TLR-activated repression of Fe-S cluster biogenesis drives a metabolic shift and alters histone and tubulin acetylation
Authors: Tong Wing-Hang , Maio Nunziata , Zhang De-Liang , Palmieri Erika M. , Ollivierre Hayden , Ghosh Manik C. , McVicar Daniel W. , Rouault Tracey A.
Published: May 2018

Key Points

TLR activation suppresses expression of Fe-S cluster biogenesis factors NFS1, ISCU, HSC20, FXN, ISD11, GLRX5, CIAO1, FAM96A, and FAM96B. Restriction of Fe-S cluster biogenesis not only impairs oxidative metabolism but also modulates histone and tubulin acetylation profiles.
The radical market-oriented policies of the Alternative for Germany (AfD) and support from non-beneficiary groups – discrepancies between the party’s policies and its supporters
Authors: Kim Juho
Published: May 2018

This paper examines the strong support for Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) from lower socio-economic groups like blue collar workers and the unemployed in Germany, who would be most economically weakened by the radical market-oriented policies of this party. The AfD has achieved remarkable electoral successes within a short period of time, with the main basis of the support it receives coming from the above-mentioned demographic groups. These are not the dominant segment or the majority of all the supporters of the AfD, but they provide a considerable proportion of the party’s votes and are the groups which display the highest approval ratings for the AfD. Their support is quite surprising, given the fact that the economic, labor, welfare and tax policies of the party are very market-oriented. In this light, this paper focuses on the major factions (the economic liberal and the national conservative) and main agenda items (opposition to the euro and antipathy to immigration and refugees) of the AfD, and demonstrates the discrepancies between the party’s policy goals and the circumstances and needs of the core groups which support the party. The two internal party factions prioritize different agendas, though they are both fundamentally opposed to the existing euro system and the influx of immigrants and refugees to Germany. The party’s radical market-oriented policies were devised under the influence of the eurosceptic economic liberalism which played a leading role in the party’s foundation and in its initial phase. However, even in the early period when it drew most attention as an anti-euro party, the AfD owed its electoral successes to its anti-immigration and anti-refugee stance rather than to its anti-euro position. The former issues were more emphasized by the national conservatives within the party after they won the ideological struggle with the economic liberals. The anti-immigrant and anti-refugee policies first appealed to blue collar workers and the unemployed. In addition, their support was mobilized effectively by the election strategy of the AfD, which campaigned mainly on an anti-immigration and anti-refugee platform, and obscured or de-emphasized the radical market-oriented policies of the party.
Metabolic recoding of epigenetics in cancer
Authors: Wang Yi‐Ping , Lei Qun‐Ying
Published: May 2018

Dysregulation of metabolism allows tumor cells to generate needed building blocks as well as to modulate epigenetic marks to support cancer initiation and progression. Cancer‐induced metabolic changes alter the epigenetic landscape, especially modifications on histones and DNA, thereby promoting malignant transformation, adaptation to inadequate nutrition, and metastasis. Recent advances in cancer metabolism shed light on how aberrations in metabolites and metabolic enzymes modify epigenetic programs. The metabolism‐induced recoding of epigenetics in cancer depends strongly on nutrient availability for tumor cells. In this review, we focus on metabolic remodeling of epigenetics in cancer and examine potential mechanisms by which cancer cells integrate nutritional inputs into epigenetic modification.
Peculiarities of the formation and subsequent removal of the circulating immune complexes from the bloodstream during the process of digestion
Authors: Landa Sergej B. , Korabliov Pavel V. , Semenova Elena V. , Filatov Michael V.
Published: May 2018

Background: Large protein aggregates, known as circulating immune complexes (CICs), are formed in biological fluids as a result of the development of the body's immune response to various provoking factors. The kinetic characteristics of the formation and removal of immune complexes (ICs), their physical parameters, the isotypic composition of immunoglobulins (Igs) and the antigenic component of the CICs may reflect certain aspects of certain pathological and metabolic processes taking place in humans and animals. The aim of this study is to assess the kinetic characteristics of the formation and removal of the CICs that form in blood after eating. We also analyze the changes in the isotypic composition of Igs of ICs that accompany this biological process in rodents and humans.

Methods: We identified the CICs, which differed in size and class of Igs, using dynamic light scattering. To remove ICs from the plasma, we used immune-affinity sedimentation. Monoclonal antibodies for the Igs of different isotypes were added to the plasma samples to determine the isotypic composition of the ICs.

Results: A large number of ICs were formed in the blood of rats and humans after eating (food CICs). In rats, food ICs are almost immediately filtered in the liver, without circulating in the bloodstream through the body. In humans, the level of food ICs in the blood increases for 3.5 h after ingestion, then within 7–8 h their gradual removal takes place. It was found that in the process of digestion in humans, the isotypic composition of Igs in the CICs changes and becomes more diverse.

Conclusions: The molecular–cellular mechanisms of the formation and utilization of food CICs in humans and rodents do not match completely.
Measurement of pathological personality traits according to the DSM-5: A Polish adaptation of the PID-5. Part I – theoretical foundations
Authors: Rowiński Tomasz , Kowalska-Dąbrowska Monika , Strus Włodzimierz , Cieciuch Jan , Czuma Iwona , Żechowski Cezary , Markon Kristian , Krueger Robert
Published: May 2018

W najnowszej, piątej edycji podręcznika diagnostycznego DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 5th Edition, [1]) zaproponowano nowy, hybrydowy system diagnozy zaburzeń osobowości, obok systemu obowiązującego już w DSM-IV-TR. Ten opublikowany w sekcji III DSM-5 alternatywny system w założeniu miał przezwyciężyć ograniczenia diagnozy kategorialnej, integrując kategorialne i dymensjonalne podejście do diagnozy zaburzeń osobowości i stanowiąc swoisty pomost pomiędzy psychiatrycznymi klasyfikacjami zaburzeń a psychologicznymi badaniami nad strukturą osobowości zdrowej [2, 3, 4, 5].
Jednym z kluczowych elementów hybrydowego systemu DSM-5 jest nowy model patologicznych cech osobowości [6], który został zoperacjonalizowany za pomocą Inwentarza Osobowości PID-5 (Personality Inventory for DSM-5; [7]). W niniejszym artykule prezentujemy kontekst powstania oraz charakterystykę hybrydowego systemu diagnozy zaburzeń osobowości, opublikowanego w DSM-5, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem dymensjonalnego modelu patologicznych cech osobowości i ich definicji. Analizie poddano także ich możliwości, ograniczenia i aktualny status. W kolejnym artykule [8] przedstawimy Inwentarz Osobowości PID-5 i wyniki badań nad jego polską adaptacją.
A lógica da diferença irredutível: a formação do psicanalista não é tarefa da universidade
Authors: Elia Luciano Da Fonseca
Published: May 2018

O autor discute as relações da psicanálise com a universidade, partindo da dissolução do tabu que consiste em sustentar o temor da aproximação entre ambas, do que resultou historicamente a aparente aversão das sociedades psicanalíticas à universidade, seu enquistamento em guetos iniciáticos que só produziram a mais despudorada academização dessas sociedades. Opõe esta movimento-tabu às novas relações que o ensino de Lacan introduziram, por distinguir os campos psicanalítico e universitário em termos de sua estrutura discursiva, permitindo que a aproximação entre esses campos deixe de ser temida, produzindo profícuas incidências da psicanálise na universidade, cujos eventuais efeitos de formação psicanalítica indefectivelmente esbarram na dimensão do impossível de fazer advir o psicanalista e sua autorização - função essencial da Escola de psicanálise - no âmbito da universidade.
Mulheres e filhos encarcerados: uma realidade institucional
Authors: Ferrari Ilka Franco , Fam Bárbara Morais
Published: May 2018

Este artigo traz informações provenientes da primeira pesquisa realizada no "Centro de Referência à Gestante Privada de Liberdade", instituição prisional para mães e bebês, inaugurada em 2009, na cidade de Vespasiano, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de instituição criada com o propósito de humanizar a situação de grávidas e lactantes encarceradas com seus filhos, e é considerada modelo para a América Latina. Nesta pesquisa, realizada nos moldes de pesquisa participante,  o Centro de Referência foi considerado o objeto a ser estudado, e aqui são apresentados dados da etapa de conversações realizadas com prisioneiras e funcionárias, tal como a psicanálise as propõe. Inicialmente são pontuadas algumas interfaces entre a psicanálise e o campo jurídico, e a partir disso delineia-se a construção do texto de regras da instituição pesquisada para, em seguida, trazer recortes das conversações. As falas evidenciam o texto de regras da unidade sendo desconstruído pelos sujeitos nela inseridos, e revelam um fato no mínimo curioso: a maioria das mulheres preferia estar em uma instituição prisional comum.
A anorexia na clínica contemporânea: considerações sobre o sintoma
Authors: Santos Kyssia Marcelle Calheiros , Zanotti Susane Vasconcelos
Published: May 2018

Este artigo aborda a especificidade do sintoma na psicanálise a partir da análise de um caso clínico sobre anorexia. Delimitam-se aspectos do caso que retratam a clínica do mal-estar contemporâneo a partir dos seguintes temas-eixo: anorexia e adolescência; recusa alimentar; a relação com o pai; e, psicanálise e medicina. Levando-se em consideração tais aspectos, destaca-se a anorexia como sintoma analítico a depender da constituição de uma demanda de análise e da relação transferencial.