bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational study of the intercalation of NO2 between bilayer MoTe2
Authors: Szary Maciej Jan
Published: September 2022

Transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) layers have been a subject of widespread interest as chemical sensors with their sensitivity selectively enhanced depending on the number of layers. The effect has been linked to possible intercalation of species such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2). However, whether intercalation helps or even occurs remains speculative. Hence, this work investigates, employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the intercalation of NO2 between bilayers of molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2), its energy, and the impact on charge transfer. The effects are confronted with the intercalation of nitrogen molecules (N2) and the equivalent adsorption of both species. The results show that the intercalation of NO2 can be energetically favorable for <0.4, 1.5–3.0, and >4.0 molecules/nm2 and that at low coverage, the molecule-sheet interactions are too weak to facilitate sufficient interlayer expansion, and thus the molecules dissociate. The dissociation and non-dissociative intercalation of NO2 enhance the per molecule charge transfer by 1110% and 256%, respectively, relative to adsorption. Hence, in all favorable cases, the intercalation should significantly enhance the response of the system. Furthermore, the results suggest that the evacuation of NO2 should be feasible, allowing MoTe2 recovery. In contrast, N2 intercalation is unfavorable, illustrating the selectivity of the process.
Either accurate singlet-triplet gaps or excited-state structures: Testing and understanding the performance of TD-DFT for TADF emitters
Authors: Froitzheim Thomas , Grimme Stefan , Mewes Jan-Michael
Published: September 2022

The energy gap between the lowest singlet S1 and triplet T1 excited states ∆EST is a key property for thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) is widely used to predict this gap and study TADF in general, despite its well-known shortcomings concerning charge-transfer (CT) states. Furthermore, polar CT states strongly interact with their environment, whose treatment is another issue when in quantum-chemical excited-state methods. Addressing these two major challenges, this work explores the performance of Tamm-Dancoff-approximated (TDA)-DFT for the calculation of a large set of ∆EST values included in the recent STGABS27 benchmark set. To this end, we employ a wide range of approaches to include orbital relaxation, environmental effects, and structural relaxation. Surprisingly, the best-performing approach for the specific task of predicting ∆EST heavily relies on error cancellation to mimic environmental and orbital-relaxation effects, using functionals with a low amount of Fock exchange of ≈ 10 % (e.g., TPSSh) in combination with ground-state structures. Generally, however, this approach is not very useful as it provides systematically wrong excitation energies, excited-state structures and state characters. To some extent, similar issues are observed with all studied TDA-DFT approaches. We thus conclude that for the description of CT states in dielectric environments, TDA-DFT is not competitive with the recently presented ROKS/PCM approach regarding robustness, accuracy, and computational efficiency.
In-situ H2O2 generation-on-demand based on ZnO2 nanoparticles for optical sensor systems involving peroxidase
Authors: Kuropteva Alisa , Mikhaylov Alexey , Medvedev Alexander , Prikhodchenko Petr , Smirnov Evgeny
Published: September 2022

Peroxidase-based optical sensor systems are widely used in modern medicine and biosensors. As unstable hydrogen peroxide is an essential part of such sensor systems, the development of its alternative sources is an urgent and essential task leading to higher stability and reproducibility of the sensor system. Here, we propose ZnO2 nanoparticles as a source of in-situ generated H2O2 for optical sensor systems involving peroxidase and use TMB and PDA as commonly used chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates to confirm applicability of the proposed approach. The application of ZnO2 nanoparticles resulted in faster detection (up to 40% faster kinetics) and lower minimal concentration. In these experiments, Limit-Of-Detection (LOD) for peroxidase was determined as 70 units/mg under the in-situ generation of H2O2, which is 15% lower if ex-situ hydrogen peroxide was added. The proposed method for producing H2O2 on-demand is cheap, versatile, and ready-to-use in peroxidase-related biosensor applications (ELISA, DNA sensors, etc.).
Tantalum Ureate Complexes for Photocatalytic Hydroaminoalkylation
Authors: Hao Han , Manßen Manfred , Schafer Laurel
Published: September 2022

Using a tantulum ureate pre-catalyst, photocatalytic hydroaminoalkylation of unactivated alkene with unprotected amine at room temperature is demonstrated. The conbination of Ta(CH2SiMe3)3Cl2 and ureate ligand with saturated cyclic backbone resulted in unique reactivity. The substrate scope of Ta photocatalytic hydroaminoalkylation (β-alkylation of amine) was evaluated. Preliminary investigation on reaction mechanism suggests both similarities and differences with Ta catalyzed hydroaminoalkyaltion under thermo conditions
The Role of Serine Coordination in the Structural and Functional Protection of the Nitrogenase P-cluster
Authors: Rutledge Hannah , Field Mackenzie , Rittle Jonathan , Green Michael , Tezcan F. Akif
Published: September 2022

Nitrogenase catalyzes the multi-electron reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia. Electron transfer in the catalytic protein (MoFeP) proceeds through a unique [8Fe-7S] cluster (P-cluster) to the active site (FeMoco). In the reduced, all-ferrous (PN) state, the P-cluster is coordinated by six cysteine residues. Upon two-electron oxi-dation to the P2+ state, the P-cluster undergoes conformational changes in which a highly conserved oxygen-based residue (a Ser or a Tyr) and a backbone amide additionally ligate the cluster. Previous studies of Azotobacter vinelandii (Av) MoFeP revealed that when the oxygen-based residue, βSer188, was mutated to a non-ligating residue, Ala, the P-cluster became redox-labile and reversibly lost two of its eight Fe centers. Surprisingly, the Av strain with a MoFeP variant that lacked the serine ligand (Av βSer188Ala MoFeP) could still grow and fix nitrogen as quickly as wild-type Av MoFeP, calling into question the necessity of this conserved ligand for nitrogenase function. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that βSer188 plays a role in protecting the P-cluster under non-ideal conditions. Here, we investigated the protective role of βSer188 both in vivo and in vitro by characterizing the ability of Av βSer188Ala cells to grow under subop-timal conditions (high oxidative stress or Fe limitation) and by characterizing the ability of Av βSer188Ala MoFeP to be mismetallated in vitro. Our results demonstrate that βSer188 (1) increases Av cell survival upon exposure to oxidative stress in the form of hydrogen peroxide, (2) is necessary for efficient Av diazotrophic growth under Fe-limiting conditions, and (3) protects the P-cluster from metal exchange in vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest a structural adaptation of nitrogenase to protect the P-cluster via Ser ligation, which is a previously unidentified functional role of the Ser residue in redox proteins and adds to the ex-panding functional roles of non-Cys ligands to FeS clusters.
Path integral representation of the Dirac equation and integration order
Authors: Geurdes Han
Published: September 2022

In this paper we ask if there is an interesting twist in mathematics of the Feynman propagator of the present day [1] formalism for the Dirac equation. The case studied is with only a potential function V . If there is no special integration order per step for e.g. dx(0) = dx1dx2dx3 and dp(0) = dp1dp2dp3, then a delta function occurs when c∆t ≈ 0 and −∞ < pj < ∞ for j = 1,2,3. The found geoemtry of propagation can be tested in solid state chemistry. A crystal structure where only a two dimensional propagation of quasi particles can be created must be attached to the final step of the path integral. Neutron emission giving chemical isotopes is briefly discussed.
The National Banking System: A Brief History
Authors: Champ Bruce
Published: September 2022

During the period of the National Banking System (1863–1913), national banks could issue bank notes backed by holdings of eligible U.S. government securities. This paper presents an overview of the legal and financial history of this period. It begins with the reasons the National Banking System was created. It also examines the rules of operation for national banks as established by the National Banking Act and its subsequent revisions. Furthermore, the paper serves as a brief financial history of the period, examining the various forces that shaped the environment in which national banks operated.

This paper represents a preliminary chapter from a forthcoming monograph on the period of the National Banking System. Other chapters of the monograph appear in the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland’s working paper series as working paper 07-19R2 and working paper 07-22R2.
Eficacia de una estrategia estandarizada y simplificada para tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial en Chile: la Iniciativa HEARTS en las Américas
Authors: Michea Luis , Toro Luis , Alban Natali , Contreras Daisy , Morgado Patricia , Paccot Melanie , Escobar Maria Cristina , Lorca Eduardo
Published: September 2022

Objetivo.

Evaluar la eficacia de un protocolo estandarizado y simplificado basado en los pilares técnicos de la Iniciativa HEARTS para el control de pacientes hipertensos del Programa de Salud Cardiovascular en el primer nivel de atención de salud en Chile.

Métodos.

Estudio observacional longitudinal (cohorte histórica), en 2 centros de salud familiar del primer nivel de atención en Santiago, que comparó el control de presión arterial en adultos hipertensos logrado con el protocolo estandarizado y simplificado, frente al protocolo habitual, según las guías nacionales. Las innovaciones del protocolo estandarizado incluyeron cambios en la coordinación del equipo de salud, inicio de tratamiento farmacológico inmediatamente después de confirmación diagnóstica, tratamiento farmacológico estandarizado con combinación de al menos 2 o 3 fármacos antihipertensivos en un sólo comprimido, en una toma diaria. Se realizó seguimiento por 1 año para evaluar el porcentaje de adherencia al tratamiento y cumplimiento de metas de control de presión arterial (menor a 140/90 mmHg).

Resultados.

Se evaluaron 1 490 pacientes: 562 que utilizaron el protocolo estandarizado y simplificado y 928 tratados con el protocolo habitual (centros de salud familiar-1: 650, centros de salud familiar -2: 278). A 1 año de seguimiento, los pacientes del grupo del protocolo estandarizado y simplificado tuvieron mayor proporción de cumplimiento de metas de control de presión arterial (65% versus 37% y 41%, p<0,001) y mayor porcentaje de adherencia al tratamiento en comparación con aquellos con el protocolo habitual (71% versus 18% y 23%, p<0,001).

Conclusiones.

Los resultados muestran que el protocolo estandarizado y simplificado es más efectivo que el protocolo habitual en el control de hipertensión arterial en pacientes en tratamiento en el primer nivel de atención en Chile. Su implementación a nivel nacional podría contribuir a la disminución de eventos cardiovasculares mayores.
Additional bryophyte records from Dereli district (Giresun, Turkey)
Authors: ERATA Hüseyin , BATAN Nevzat
Published: September 2022

In this study, the bryophyte flora of the Tamdere, Eğribel, Bektaş and Kulakkaya High Plateaus and their surroundings (Dereli district, Giresun province) were investigated. As a result of identification, a total of 208 bryophytes taxa were determined from 19 different localities. Of these, 33 taxa liverworts and 175 taxa mosses. Among them Jungermannia eucordifolia Schljakov was reported for the second time from Turkey, In addition, Buxbaumia viridis Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug.& Nestl. and Ceratodon conicus (Hampe) Lindb. are new to the A4 grid-square. Furthermore, 10 taxa are new for Giresun province and 20 taxa are new for Dereli district. For every each taxon, the habitat pattern and distribution data are given.
Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarında Hile Bilincinin Araştırılması: Sivas İli Örneği Investigation of Fraud Awareness in Accounting Professionals: The Case of Sivas
Authors: Elden Ürgüp Seval
Published: September 2022

Muhasebe hilelerinin gerçeği yansıtmayan bilgiler içermesi, muhasebe bilgi kullanıcılarını yanıltarak çeşitli olumsuzluklar oluşturmaktadır. Bu olumsuzlukların önüne geçmek ve ekonomik etkinliği artırmak önemli görülmektedir. Muhasebede hileye yol açan eğilimlerin doğru bir şekilde tespiti ile yapılacak hileli faaliyetlerin önlenmesine yönelik yaptırım gücü oluşturulabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sivas’ta faaliyet gösteren muhasebe meslek mensuplarının hile bilincine yönelik görüş ve tutumlarını belirlemektir. Çalışma kapsamında veri toplamı aracı olarak kullanılan anket formu Sivas’ta faaliyet gösteren 99 muhasebe meslek mensubuna uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sürecinde betimsel istatistiklerle birlikte ilişkisel istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Betimsel verilerin yorumlanmasında yüzde, frekans, standart sapma ve ortalama değerleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen toplam puanların cinsiyet yönünden 2 düzeyli değişkenin farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek istenmiştir. Elde edilen puanlar normal dağılıma uymadığı için (p:0,001) cinsiyet non-parametrik test olan Mann-Whitney U testi uygulanmıştır. Diğer değişkenler için Kruskall- Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi ile de muhasebe meslek mensuplarının hileye yönelik algıları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın başlıca bulgularına göre, katılımcı meslek mensuplarının çoğunun kişisel özellikleri arasında etik değerlere önem vermedikleri, yine çoğunun muhasebe eğitimi alırken hile bilincinin oluşturulmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, katılımcıların çoğu (%85,9) Sivas’taki işletmeler için hilenin bir sorun oluşturmadığını düşünmektedirler. Bu sonuçta, işletmelerin hileyi önemli bir araç olarak görmedikleri yönünde fikir oluşturmaktadır.
Advances in Acute Emerging Infectious Disease Symptom Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Qing , Li Qiongfen
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the risk of acute emerging infectious diseases has increased significantly due to changes in environmental conditions and social factors, posing a serious threat to public health security and human health. The general susceptibility of the population and the unpredictability and increasing infectiousness of emerging infectious diseases reflect the inadequacy of the existing infectious disease surveillance system for timely detection and screening of emerging infectious diseases, often leading to a certain scale of epidemic outbreaks that seriously harm humans before being detected passively. This is a literature review on symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases at home and abroad, emphasizing on the subject matter and development of symptom surveillance of emerging infectious diseases, so as to provide a scientific basis for the establishment and improvement of symptom surveillance of acute emerging infectious diseases.
An Exploration of the Treatment of Spontaneous Progressive Hemopneumothorax in Young People
Authors: Zhang Duo , Guo Qiang , Zhang Xuguang , Wang Haibo
Published: September 2022

Objective: To explore an effective treatment for spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax in young people. Methods: Thirty-four young patients with spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected to be included in the control group for retrospective analysis; from January 2020 to December 2021, 69 young patients with spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax were selected to be included in the study group. The control group was treated with double-port thoracoscopic bullectomy, whereas the study group was treated with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy. The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, tube retention time, VAS score, postoperative air leakage, and 1-year recurrence of the patients in the two groups were observed and analyzed. Results: The perioperative conditions of the patients in the study group, including intraoperative bleeding loss, operation time, tube retention time, and VAS scores, were 15.12 ± 1.36, 54.69 ± 18.78, 2.14 ± 0.98, and 3.25 ± 0.14, respectively. The perioperative conditions of the patients in the control group, including intraoperative bleeding loss, operation time, tube retention time, and VAS scores, were 22.69 ± 2.01, 55.36 ± 19.01, 4.21 ± 1.01, and 5.36 ± 0.45, respectively; other than the operation time, the differences in intraoperative blood loss, tube retention time, and VAS scores between the two groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05); after the surgery, two patients in the study group had postoperative air leakage, accounting for 2.90% and another two patients had recurrence one year after the surgery, accounting for 2.90%; on the other hand, three patients in the control group had postoperative air leakage, accounting for 8.82%, and two patients had recurrence one year after the surgery, accounting for 5.88%. However, ?2 test showed that p > 0.05. Conclusion: Treatment of spontaneous progressive hemopneumothorax in young people is better with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy than with two-port thoracoscopic bullectomy, which effectively reduces intraoperative bleeding. The pain level is significantly better with single-port thoracoscopic bullectomy than with two-port thoracoscopic bullectomy, and the prognosis of patients is good with a low probability of recurrence for both, single- and two-port thoracoscopic bullectomy.
The Classical Test or Item Response Measurement Theory: The Status of the Framework at the Examination Council of Lesotho
Authors: Ayanwale Musa Adekunle , Chere-Masopha Julia , Morena Malebohang C.
Published: September 2022

While the Examination Council of Lesotho (ECOL) is burdened with a huge workload of assessment tasks, their procedures for developing tests, analysing items, and compiling scores heavily rely on the classical test theory (CTT) measurement framework. The CTT has been criticised for its flaws, including being test-oriented, sample dependent, and assuming linear relationships between latent variables and observed scores. This article presents an overview of CTT and item response theory (IRT) and how they were applied to standard assessment questions in the ECOL. These theories have addressed measurement issues associated with commonly used assessments, such as multiple-choice, short response, and constructed response tests. Based on three search facets (Item response theory, classical test theory, and examination council of Lesotho), a comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases (such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed). The paper was theoretically developed using the electronic databases, keywords, and references identified in the articles. Furthermore, the authors ensure that the keywords are used to identify relevant documents in a wide variety of sources. A general remark was made on the effective application of each model in practice with respect to test development and psychometric activities. In conclusion, the study recommends that ECOL switch from CTT to modern test theory for test development and item analysis, which offers multiple benefits.
Retratos de (não) leitores de artigos de divulgação científica
Authors: Almeida Sheila Alves
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho analisa práticas de leitura de materiais impressos de divulgação científica de pais e alunos de uma escola pública e a relação com a constituição de leitores de uma revista de divulgação científica para crianças. Para a realização desta investigação, elaboramos dois questionários. O primeiro, enviado às famílias, teve o objetivo de investigar os materiais de leitura presentes no ambiente familiar e as preferências de leitura. O segundo questionário foi respondido pelas crianças, em sala de aula, com o objetivo de analisar o conhecimento sobre a única revista de divulgação científica produzida no Brasil para o público infantil. Conforme evidenciam os dados, a maioria das crianças não conhecem a Ciência Hoje das Crianças, embora algumas reconheçam marcas necessárias ao início da construção de significados que imprimem compreensibilidade à aquisição de competências de leitura. A interação de textos de divulgação científica depende das práticas de leitura ensejadas, sobretudo na escola, principal agência de letramento em nossa sociedade.
Bananeras y la masacre de Guayaquil
Authors: Álvarez Galeano Manuel Felipe
Published: September 2022

Se presenta una investigación vinculante con los estudios sociales y literarios, a propósito de la masacre de las Bananeras, sucedida en 1928, en Colombia; así como la masacre obrera de Guayaquil, de 1922. Se pretende establecer sus características, versiones, contextos y semejanzas, a partir de estudios relacionados con el abordaje que se recrea en las obras literarias representativas de dichos sucesos: Cien años de soledad, de Gabriel García Márquez, para el primer caso, y Las cruces sobre el agua, de Joaquín Gallegos Lara, para el segundo. Se busca sustraer hallazgos investigativos que, con la pertinente confrontación, permitan levantar conclusiones, desde los estudios sociales y los literarios, que favorezcan la dilucidación de puntos comunes que conlleven a reconstruir la memoria histórica.
El tipo de investigación considerado es el cualitativo, con un diseño hermenéutico de corte comparativo, teniendo en cuenta, a su vez, el ejercicio interdisciplinario entre la historia y la literatura. Desde esto, se estima, como problema de investigación, qué paralelo puede sustraerse de Cien años de soledad y Las cruces sobre el agua en torno al contexto de las Bananeras y la Masacre obrera de Guayaquil, respectivamente, de dos referentes del canon literario en Colombia y Ecuador. Para tal fin, el objetivo principal es analizar, desde los estudios sociales y literarios, los escenarios y circunstancias de dichas masacres, a partir de sus principales registros literarios. Así, se proyecta la resolución de la hipótesis: las Bananeras y la Masacre obrera de Guayaquil tienen vigencia en la memoria histórica, gracias, en considerable medida, a la gestación de sus obras literarias representativas.
 
Palabras clave:
Method to determine the weakness planes effect on the calculation of the collapse pressure of oil wells
Authors: Velilla-Uribe Juan-David , Cáceres-Montero Jorge-Luis , Sandoval-Merchán Publio-Alejandro , Corzo-Rueda Reinel , Calderón-Carrillo Zuly-Himelda
Published: September 2022

Given the complexity involved when modeling heterogeneous and anisotropic formations, this condition is usually ignored, supposing that the well is surrounded by a homogenous and isotropic medium. The main objective of this paper is to present a method that shows the error that might occur when the condition of homogeneity and isotropy is not satisfied, when determining collapse pressure in a formation containing planes of weakness.

Although the literature presents some studies, there is not a clear method for determining the collapse pressure of a well that takes into account the mechanical properties of the planes of weakness contained in the formation. The proposed method is based on the Mohr Coulomb criterion for homogeneous and isotropic formations and the criterion of Jaeger and Cook (1979) for laminated anisotropic media. It constitutes a robust tool that calculates the collapse pressure in highly complex configurations, contributing thus to prevent waste of time and money by more accurately considering the actual behavior of laminated formations. The method includes: the deduction of the direction cosine equation, the proposal of an objective function, the construction of a collapse pressure profile, and the sensitivity analysis of the collapse pressure with colored rosettes. A real case was selected to implement the proposed method.
Theoretical foundation in designing and developing a mobile app to support ESL learning for STEM learners
Authors: Rafiqah M. Rafiq Karmila , Hashim Harwati , Md Yunus Melor
Published: September 2022

Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) has become an emerging trend amid the pandemic alongside the rise of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). However, the decline in STEM learners’ pursuing STEM is worrying, and one reason is the decline in English language proficiency. Hence, this paper aims to review theories in design and develop ME4STEM (Mobile English for STEM) to enhance STEM learners’ English vocabulary. This paper adheres to the Design and Development
Research (DDR). The design and development of ME4STEM is underpinned by English for specific purposes, mastery learning, cognitivism, social constructivism, problem-based learning, and cognitive theory of multimedia learning theories. Referring closely to the theories, the development of ME4STEM consists of 6 elements: 1) learning videos, 2) practices, 3) reviews, 4) mini-assessments, 5) language exploration, and 6) discussions. The rationale for designing and developing ME4STEM is to encourage learners to learn in a personalized space and at their own pace, especially in this pandemic. ME4STEM is a prototype, contributing to Smart CALL by serving as a bridge between STEM and the English language, leveraging opportunities for interdisciplinary study along with
contributing to society by providing sustainable and novel English for STEM
supplementary material. ME4STEM caters to all aspects of Smart CALL: personalization, contextualization, and socialization, thus contributing to emerging CALL trends.
Multimodal humor in emoji-mediated emotive communication
Authors: Liang Mei-Ya
Published: September 2022

Drawing on the features of sociality, mobility, and multimodality, the researcher presents emoji-mediated discussions among 43 university students in a Facebook group. The results of discourse-pragmatic analyses show the participants’ frequent use of expressive and representative communicative acts and various types of multimodal humor, alongside laughing and thinking emojis. Utterance-final face emojis and other affective expressions have particularly been employed to make communicative moves and construct humorous discourses. This article discusses expressive and playful potentials of emojis in computer-mediated communication. This study may help to understand the impacts which social media are having on the students’ development of digital literacy and affective linguistic practices.
Computer mediated communication and task-based learning for adolescent learners of Chinese as a foreign Language in Ireland:
An eBook task design under the adaption of Bridge 21 technology-mediated learning model
Authors: Wang Mengdi , Devitt Anne , Gao Juan , Baurer Ciarán
Published: September 2022

The Bridge 21 learning model emphasizes teamwork and technology mediation in the
process of activity implementations. With the introduction of Chinese as a Leaving Certificate specification in the Irish secondary education system in 2020, there is a growing interest in Chinese language among schools, parents, as well as students. There are three types of Chinese language courses run through Irish secondary school settings: Junior Cycle (JC) Chinese Short Course, Transition Year (TY) Chinese and Leaving
Certificate Mandarin Chinese. However, compared to other Anglosphere countries (e.g., UK, Australia), Ireland is in the early development stages of Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learning (Osborne et al., 2019). Despite this, the open and flexible principle of Chinese course syllabi in JC and TY not only provides Chinese language teachers with the freedom of selecting contents, but also makes it possible to adapt Bridge 21 model into teaching practice. However, Chinese as a curriculum specification at JC in Ireland has not been explored in depth or been combined with the Bridge 21 model. Therefore, this paper aims to elaborate on the design and implementation of an eBook activity which aligns to the Bridge 21 model in a JC Chinese course. The preliminary findings of participants’ reflections suggest that the majority of participants had a positive experience in this activity and identified language development, especially recognition and production of Chinese characters, while one group of participants highlighted that they felt challenged working as a team. This may suggest there is a need for training of both technological tools as well as teamwork prior to conducting Bridge 21 learning activities in the future.
A mobile diary application as an instrument for collecting real-world and real-life contextualized language learning
Authors: Ezra Orit , Cohen Anat , Shany Dror
Published: September 2022

This study is part of a long-term project dealing with the definitions, measurements, factors, and outcomes of outside-classroom real-world (RW) and real-life (RL) contextualized (mobile-assisted) language learning, that is, CLL and CMALL. A known research obstacle in the field is how to collect learners' RW/RL contextualized learning given ‘noisy’ data. There is an issue of memory for self-reported data, which weakens questionnaires' validity. The experience sampling method (ESM), however good in assisting learners' recall, is quite laborious. Diaries are introspective, and asking about recent events, such as a day before, as in the day reconstruction method (DRM), can reduce memory bias. Furthermore, digital tools facilitate data analysis for researchers. Therefore, in this study, we developed a diary application to collect data on learners’ experiences in outside-classroom RW-RL CLL & CMALL. We developed the diary app based on the DRM guideline and eight principles that make it usable in future studies regardless of the target language with no need for coding. The main learner functionality (reporting events) is based on the RW/RL contextualized learning model adjusted to the diary. The diarists are guided unequivocally based on the model and using clear instructions and questions about aspects of language, context, materials, and feelings. The Admin Monitor facilitates data tracking and analysis. Thus, this pioneering language-learning diary application for outside-classroom RW-RL CLL and CMALL is more structurally consistent and comprehensive than traditional language-learning diaries. The app is purposeful for researchers and practitioners interested in using language-learning diaries or learning about students' outside-class RW-RL CLL & CMALL.
Uncovering the role of learning ecology in explaining students’ engagement in informal L2 learning activities in digital online environments
Authors: Zadorozhnyy Artem , Yu Baohua
Published: September 2022

Given the expanding scale of Internet access and ample language learning opportunities associated with the emergence of new digital resources and out-of-class digital environments, SLA researchers started to pay more attention to the language learning experiences of students beyond the classroom level (Lai et al., 2018; Soyoof et al., 2021; Toffoli, 2020). Particular interest is aligned to the perception that while formal education may not satisfy all individual expectations, informal language learning practices might grant students opportunities to engage in cross-cultural communication (Lee & Lee, 2021) and construct their own self-directed authentic learning situations (Lai & Zheng, 2018). Expanding this line of thinking, learning patterns are known to be greatly determined by the members of students’ social milieu who can exhibit a favorable or detrimental impact (Niemiec & Ryan, 2009). Ryan and Deci (2016), for instance, numerously stressed out that the nature of relationships between language teachers and students could have an impact on satisfaction of students’ fundamental psychological needs and as a consequence influence students’ motivation, affecting students’ engagement in learning activities. However, researchers underline that EFL students’ exposure to authentic language patterns and direct interaction with other people in their online vicinity should be scrutinized more closely nowadays (Noels et al., 2019). Owing to the complex mechanisms behind these processes and interactions, we aim to apply the sub-theory of Basic Psychological Needs (BPN) to consider the impact of significant others (i.e., language instructors, peers, and target language community members) and the perspective of learning ecology (Barron, 2006) to focus on the apparent differences in contextual factors pertaining to formal and informal language learning environments. Based on these frameworks, the data obtained via the mixed-methods research approach is set to provide valuable conclusions that could shed some light on the determinants of EFL students’ informal language learning activities among prospective EFL teachers of one Central Asian country, Kazakhstan.
On the adequacy of L2 pronunciation feedback from automatic speech recognition: A focus on Google Translate
Authors: John Paul , Cardoso Walcir , Johnson Carol
Published: September 2022

This study investigates automatic speech recognition (ASR) in Google Translate as a source for L2 pronunciation feedback. To be effective, ASR should transcribe learner errors accurately and perform equally well on male and female voices, avoiding gender bias. We assess Google Translate on three Quebec francophone (QF) segmental errors in English: th-substitution ( think → [t] ink ); h-deletion ( happy → appy ); and h-epenthesis ( ice → [h] ice ). Eight QFs (4F/4M) recorded 120 sentences with and without an error on the final item (e.g., I don’t know who to *tank/thank ). Errors were equally divided between real word output (* tank ) and nonword output (e.g., My sister is afraid of *tunder ). We anticipate real word errors, corresponding to entries in the Google Translate lexicon, will be accurately transcribed, whereas nonwords, by definition absent from the lexicon, should be erroneously matched to similar-sounding real words (i.e., the intended output “thunder”), constituting misleading feedback. Forthcoming data analyses will determine the relative contribution of error type,
real/nonword output, and gender to final-word transcription and feedback accuracy. Preliminary findings suggest a hierarchy of accuracy (h-deletion, h-epenthesis ˃th-substitution) specific to real-word output. Indeed, ASR shows a clear inability to flag nonword errors. A gender bias effect is not apparent; in fact, ASR generally transcribed the sentences recorded by females more accurately. Mistranscriptions unrelated to final items have yet to be examined. Our presentation will address the implications of our findings for L2 teachers/learners and for developers seeking to design ASR specifically for L2 uses.
The role of technology and technology training in language teachers’ professional development in the private sector
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Thien Bao
Published: September 2022

Although the importance of teacher education in CALL has been studied in recent years, how language teachers learn technologies at their workplace and whether the education helps them advance their careers are not yet fully understood. With technology integration becoming a popular teaching approach and the Ministry of Education and Training (MOET) implementing the project “National Foreign Language Project 2008- 2020” in Vietnam, it is necessary to study these two subject matters to provide sufficient support on both micro and macro levels, which hopefully may help boost their confidence and enhance their occupational development. Moreover, regardless of the high number of Vietnamese teachers of English in the private sector in Ho Chi Minh City, little is known about how they incorporate technology and its importance to their career pursuit. Therefore, to gain more insight, a case study focusing on the private sector was employed using a mixed-method approach. Data collected from classroom observations and semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically. A questionnaire survey later was administered to lend more support to the final findings. Final results suggested that although teachers found the provided technologies challenging sometimes, they expressed their enthusiasm toward the learning process. They also regarded their institution not only as a workplace but also as a community where they learn about technology integration from their colleagues and enhance their future career prospects. Lastly, the relationship between teacher education in technology and professional development is also evident on three different levels, namely individual, peer, and institutional levels.
Repetition supports the effects of Involvement Load Hypothesis on improving students' productive vocabulary performance
Authors: Huang Guoyuhui
Published: September 2022

Productive vocabulary refers to retrieving and applying the words in speaking and writing. It forms the basis for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners to express themselves accurately and fluently. Recent years have witnessed a growth of publications
examining the effects of the Involvement Load Hypothesis (ILH) on productive
vocabulary performance, although with somewhat mixed results. The present study explored whether ‘repetition’ could complement the ILH in improving EFL learning of productive vocabulary. Correspondingly, two WeChat Applets (Applet 1.0 and Applet 2.0) were designed to help Chinese EFL learners apply productive vocabularies in the IELTS (International English Language Testing System) examination. Applet 1.0 was chiefly developed based on the ILH. Applet 2.0 was developed based on ILH with the additional support of repetitive reading activities. Specifically, learners studied with Applet 1.0 merely encountered each target item once. By contrast, learners studied with Applet 2.0 would meet each required vocabulary eight times. Fifty Chinese college students, divided into a control group (CG, n = 26) and an experimental group (EG, n = 24), participated in the present study. Both groups were asked to write a composition every week while learning with different applets (CG learned with 1.0 and EG studied with 2.0). Three paragraph writing tests, namely pre-test, post-test and delayed-test were administered
to assess their productive vocabulary proficiency. We found the EG significantly outperformed the CG in terms of the post-test and delayed-test. Therefore, it was concluded that repetition and ILH were indeed compatible, which could result in better
productive vocabulary acquisition.
Kinerja keuangan perusahaan sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman work from home (WFH) saat peristiwa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Rheza , Hi Yusuf Ibnu Sina , Demayanti Ririn , Arfan Arfan
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kinerja keuangan perusahaan sebelum dan sesudah diumumkanya Work From Home (WFH) saat peristiwa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia dengan studi kasus pada semua perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia serta 9 sektor BEI. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif jenis penelitian event study, dimana dilakukan pengamatan terhadap harga saham selama 5 hari efektif perdagangan saham saat sebelum pengumuman dan 5 hari efektif perdagangan saham sesudah pengumuman. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua perusahaan BEI serta 9 sektor BEI. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 495 perusahaan yang merupakan bagian dari jumlah populasi sebanyak 677 perusahaan dari semua sektor. Hasil penelitian dari pengujian wilcoxon signed rank test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada harga saham sebelum pengumuman WFH saat peristiwa pandemi Covid-19 dan sesudah pengumuman WFH saat peristiwa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia pada semua perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia serta 9 sektor BEI. Penelitian ini juga menemukan atau menunjukkan sektor yang paling terdampak negatif: sektor perdagangan, jasa & investasi dan positif: sektor industry barang konsumsi dari 9 sektor BEI lainnya saat sesudah pengumuman dibandingkan dengan sebelum pengumuman WFH saat peristiwa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia.
Paradigma Guru Bimbingan Konseling Pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Hayati Leni Murni
Published: September 2022

Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling senantiasa memberikan suatu Layanan professional kepada peserta didik yaitu mendidik, membimbing, melatih dan mengembangkan serta mengentaskan permasalahan peserta didik merupakan bagian dari kinerja Guru BK yang akan membantu peserta didik mengoptimalkan potensinya secara optimal. Kurikulum merdeka Belajar merupakan suatu trobosan baru yang membawa beberapa perubahan dalam segi pembelajaran.. Keberhasilan guru dan peserta didik dalam mempraktekan pembelajaran daring secara optimal dalam kurikulum merdeka belajar juga akan berdampak pada perkembangan daya berpikir para peserta didik. Pada praktek pembelajaran secara daring, dengan kurikulum merdeka belajar pendidik/guru BK memiliki peranan penting yaitu tidak hanya memberikan materi saja tetapi pendidikan karater juga sangat penting dan berguna bagi perilaku peserta didik, dengan cara guru tidak hanya sekedar memberikan materi secara percuma akan tetapi dapat memberikan contoh kepada peserta didik, sehingga peserta didik mampu untuk berdedikasi dan berinovasi dalam kurikulum merdeka belajar.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kompetensi Profesional Guru
Authors: Haudi Haudi , Fitria Happy , Wahidy Achmad
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to test the influence of principal's leadership and work discipline on the professional competence of teachers. This research is a quantitative. The paper used questionnaire and interview sheet as instrument. The result showed that principal's leadership and work discipline both partially and simultaneously influenced the professional competence of teachers. The paper recommends to more concern on principal's leadership and work discipline where the school would change professional competence of teachers.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Nearpod Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Pada Mata pelajaran Matematika
Authors: Oktafiani Oktafiani , Mujazi Mujazi
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survey. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui akan pengaruh media pembelajaran nearpod terhadap motivasi belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika di SDN 17 Palmerah di kelas 5 B. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survey. Popoulasi Penelitian ini ialah siswa kelas 5B yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini ialah dengan menggunakan kuesioner angket. Informasi yang didapat dari responden dengan menggunakan angket ini untuk menemukan pengaruh penggunaan media pembelajaran nearpod terhadap motivasi belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji parsial atau uji t untuk menentukan hipotesis. Hasil hipotesis yang diperoleh berdasarkan pengujian parsial atau uji t yaitu  11,081 (thitung) > 2,042 (ttabel) dengan signifikan 0,00 < 0,05. Hasil tersebut menyatakan bahwa H1 diterima dan Ho ditolak yang artinya ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara media pembelajaran nearpod  terhadap motivasi belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika.
Efektifitas pendekatan rational emotive behavior therapy untuk mengatasi tendensi perilaku self injury siswa
Authors: Melamita Anisa , Syukur Yarmis
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektifitas pendekatan rational emotive behavior therapy dalam mengatasi tendensi perilaku self injury pada siswa. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis pre eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest design. Jenis pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-random sampling, dengan teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 12 orang siswa kelompok eksperimen yang tertendensi melakukan perilaku self injury. Analisis statistik data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu statistik non-parametrik. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan skala tendensi perilaku self injury yang telah memenuhi syarat instrumen penelitian, dengan menggunakan model Skala Likert, kemudian data di analisis dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tendensi perilaku self injury siswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakukan menggunakan rational emotive behavior therapy. 2) nilai skor posttest lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan nilai skor pretest. 3) Hal ini menggambarkan adanya penurunan yang signifikan tendensi perilaku self injury yang dimiliki siswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan perlakukan menggunakan rational emotive behavior therapy. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka pendekatan rational emotive behavior therapy efektif untuk mengatasi tendensi perilaku self injury pada siswa
The implementation of songs in teaching listening for young learners in online learning environment
Authors: Paskalisa Diana , Sadikin Irma Savitri
Published: September 2022

There are currently a variety of technologically-based techniques for creating an attractive English-learning environment for young learners. Using songs as an engaging technique in audiovisual offers meaningful sources of interesting and relevant listening materials. This study investigates what learning principles young learners observe in songs and how they respond to songs during the online learning experience. Twelve students were included in a case study at a private elementary school in Jakarta. This study revealed that the materials presented in songs and videos align with the learning principles of young learners, such as they have short attention and are easy to distract, they can gain understanding from direct experience through objects and visual aids, they are enthusiastic and positive about learning, and they are being responsive to the instruction. These findings contribute to facilitating a more creative learning environment. Students generally responded positively by intimately watching videos and participating in activities. They enjoyed learning English through songs. Therefore, songs are recommended in EFL classrooms as supplementary activities or at home for self-study.
Study of improving the quality of learning in an effort to improve the quality of elementary school education
Authors: Susiani Ketut , Suastra I Wayan , Arnyana Ida Bagus Putu
Published: September 2022

Quality education is education that is able to carry out the process of maturation of student quality developed by liberating students from ignorance, incompetence, helplessness, untruth, dishonesty, and from poor morals and faith. This study aims to analyze the quality of education in Buleleng Regency with a meta-analysis approach. The subjects of this study are researchers and research reports, data analysis begins with categorizing each research in accordance with its research paradigm and the central issues raised, and then the results of all studies are compared according to their categories. The results showed that student learning outcomes are strongly influenced by the quality of teachers or teaching staff. And the quality of teaching can be done by developing innovative learning models. If educators are able to improve performance related to improving classroom management and the learning process by participating in training on various innovative learning, then the quality of education and the quality of graduates will be able to compete in the global era