bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Perspective on Covalent Inhibitors: Research and Development Trends of Warheads and Targets
Authors: Chen Haitao , Bird Robert , Wang DaSheng , Lotti Diaz Leilani , Iyer Kavita , Ralhan Krittika , Gustafson Gary , Kato-Weinstein Junko , Zhou Qiongqiong
Published: October 2023

CCovalent inhibitors are being used more frequently in drug discovery and is expected to revolutionize how enzyme inhibitors and receptor modulators are created in the future. More than 30 covalent therapies have been approved by the US FDA as a result of this approach, which has produced a wide spectrum of effective treatments. Covalent inhibitors have also made it possible to target previously neglected targets, demonstrating that covalent inhibition has a tremendous opportunity to cure human diseases. We analyzed the CAS Content Collection to examine the publishing trends of covalent inhibitors with various types of warheads and their target proteins for developing a landscape view of the research effort in this area. We identify potential substructures for specific protein targets by assessing the frequencies of specific warhead structures in covalent inhibitors. In addition, a comprehensive database of warheaded compounds and the corresponding protein targets has been collected, which may be useful for analysis of structure-activity relationships. Our work provides an overview of covalent inhibitor research and demonstrates how the power of the analysis of large data sets can accelerate research and development.
Structural insights into the complex of oncogenic KRas4BG12Vand Rgl2, a RalA/B activator
Authors: Tariq Mishal , Ikeya Teppei , Togashi Naoyuki , Fairall Louise , Kamei Shun , Mayooramurugan Sannojah , Abbott Lauren R , Hasan Anab , Bueno-Alejo Carlos , Sukegawa Sakura , Romartinez-Alonso Beatriz , Muro Campillo Miguel Angel , Hudson Andrew J , Ito Yutaka , Schwabe John WR , Dominguez Cyril , Tanaka Kayoko
Published: October 2023

About a quarter of total human cancers carry mutations in Ras isoforms. Accumulating evidence suggests that small GTPases, RalA, and RalB, and their activators, Ral guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RalGEFs), play an essential role in oncogenic Ras-induced signalling. We studied the interaction between human KRas4B and the Ras association (RA) domain of Rgl2 (Rgl2RA), one of the RA-containing RalGEFs. We show that the G12V oncogenic KRas4B mutation changes the interaction kinetics with Rgl2RA. The crystal structure of the KRas4BG12V: Rgl2RAcomplex shows a 2:2 heterotetramer where the switch I and switch II regions of each KRasG12Vinteract with both Rgl2RAmolecules. This structural arrangement is highly similar to the HRasE31K:RALGDSRAcrystal structure and is distinct from the well-characterised Ras:Raf complex. Interestingly, the G12V mutation was found at the dimer interface of KRas4BG12Vwith its partner. Our study reveals a potentially distinct mode of Ras:effector complex formation by RalGEFs and offers a possible mechanistic explanation for how the oncogenic KRas4BG12Vhyperactivates the RalA/B pathway.
Identification of FAM53C as a cytosolic-anchoring inhibitory binding protein of the kinase DYRK1A
Authors: Miyata Yoshihiko , Nishida Eisuke
Published: October 2023

The protein kinase DYRK1A encoded in human chromosome 21 is the major contributor to the multiple symptoms observed in Down syndrome patients. In addition, DYRK1A malfunction is associated with various other neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder. Here, we identified FAM53C with no hitherto known biological function as a novel suppressive binding partner of DYRK1A. FAM53C is bound to the catalytic protein kinase domain of DYRK1A, whereas DCAF7/WDR68, the major DYRK1A-binding protein, binds to the N-terminal domain of DYRK1A. The binding of FAM53C inhibited autophosphorylation activity of DYRK1A and its kinase activity to an exogenous substrate, MAPT/Tau. FAM53C did not bind directly to DCAF7/WDR68, whereas DYRK1A tethered FAM53C and DCAF7/WDR68 by binding concurrently to both of them, forming a tri-protein complex. DYRK1A possesses an NLS and accumulates in the nucleus when overexpressed in cells. Co-expression of FAM53C induced cytoplasmic re-localization of DYRK1A, revealing the cytoplasmic anchoring function of FAM53C to DYRK1A. Moreover, the binding of FAM53C to DYRK1A suppressed the DYRK1A-dependent nuclear localization of DCAF7/WDR68. All the results show that FAM53C binds to DYRK1A, suppresses its kinase activity, and anchors it in the cytoplasm. In addition, FAM53C is bound to the DYRK1A-related kinase DYRK1B with an Hsp90/Cdc37-independent manner. The results explain for the first time why endogenous DYRK1A is distributed in the cytoplasm in normal brain tissue. FAM53C-dependent regulation of the kinase activity and intracellular localization of DYRK1A may play a significant role in gene expression regulation caused by normal and aberrant levels of DYRK1A.
The coenzyme A precursor pantethine enhances antitumor immunity in sarcoma
Authors: Miallot Richard , Millet Virginie , Roger Anais , Fenouil Romain , Tardivel Catherine , Martin Jean-Charles , Tranchida Fabrice , Shintu Laetitia , Berchard Paul , Sousa Lanza Juliane , Malissen Bernard , Henri Sandrine , Ugolini Sophie , Dutour Aurélie , Finetti Pascal , Bertucci François , Blay Jean-Yves , Galland Franck , Naquet Philippe
Published: October 2023

The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic network of stromal, cancer, and immune cells that interact and compete for resources. We have previously identified the Vanin1 pathway as a tumor suppressor of sarcoma development via vitamin B5 and coenzyme A regeneration. Using an aggressive sarcoma cell line that lacks Vnn1 expression, we showed that the administration of pantethine, a vitamin B5 precursor, attenuates tumor growth in immunocompetent but not nude mice. Pantethine boosts antitumor immunity, including the polarization of myeloid and dendritic cells towards enhanced IFNγ-driven antigen presentation pathways and improved the development of hypermetabolic effector CD8+T cells endowed with potential antitumor activity. At later stages of treatment, the effect of pantethine was limited by the development of immune cell exhaustion. Nevertheless, its activity was comparable with that of anti-PD1 treatment in sensitive tumors. In humans,VNN1expression correlates with improved survival and immune cell infiltration in soft-tissue sarcomas, but not in osteosarcomas. Pantethine could be a potential therapeutic immunoadjuvant for the development of antitumor immunity.
Methodological features of the world urbanization processes study
Authors: Kravchenko Kateryna
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this article is to reveal the methodological features of the urbanization research and analyze global urbanization processes. Urbanization is a complex human-geographical process that develops and manifests itself in two dimensions: spatial and social. Therefore, urbanization processes are a prerequisite for global transformations in both spatial and socio-geographical dimensions.

Basic material. Urbanization is a specific socio-geographical process, characterized by significant dynamism and global manifestation. The biggest problem of modern urbanization is reorientation of its spread and development vectors: while in the XIX-XX centuries urbanization was a phenomenon typical for mostly developed and highly developed countries, the challenge for society in the XXI century is the intensive urbanization development in the low-income countries, the so-called “third” countries. A scientist can apply a wide range of philosophical, general and specific scientific methods to study global urbanization processes, assessing the intensity level of the urbanization process, using the parameters and a set of indicators that characterize the state of spatial transformation under anthropogenic impact, economic and social development. Many countries around the world use primary criteria to determine urban (urbanized) areas - administrative (25.3%), demographic (15.9%), and urban (3.4%) ones.

The analysis of indicators characterizing the peculiarities of developing modern urbanization processes demonstrates a significant differentiation of the manifestation. A distinctive feature is the increasing level of urbanization in poor countries in Africa and Latin America. Establishing the interdependence between the level of economic development of the country (GDP per capita) and the number of urban population prove unconditional direct but conditional reverse relationship.

Conclusions and further research. The approbation analysis of the urbanization process at the global and regional dimensions, the study of the ratio of urban population share and GDP of the world countries demonstrates the ability of the selected approaches and research methods. It also determines application of the original (author’s) research methods to monitor and predict further urbanization development at different hierarchical levels.
Definition of alternative tourist availability and its mapping
Authors: Prasul Yuliia , Klymenko Valentyna , Bubyr Natalia , Melnyk Yanina , Chudinov Andrii
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to justify approaches to assessing alternative tourist availability (using the example of Cherkasy region and its first-order neighbors) according to the authors’ indicators and their cartographic support.

The main material. The article analyses prevailing approaches to the assessment of tourist destinations, their tourist potential. The authors have found that it is not enough to evaluate the territory itself as it functions and develops in constant competition with neighbours and territories that provide similar tourist services. The need for a traveller to choose a tourist destination between several mutually exclusive possibilities gives rise to the definition of an alternative place of rest. The article proposes to evaluate a comprehensive indicator - alternative tourist accessibility, based on the system of indicators of geographical location, infrastructural, natural-recreational, historical-cultural factors in accordance with territorial, practical, price, and informational accessibility, which is understood as a comparative assessment of territories according to specified criteria using a rating approach, geo-informational - the cartographic method and the sum of places method.

Approbation of the methodology was carried out on the example of Cherkasy region and its neighbours of the first order, as they can pull off potential tourist flows most often or, conversely, act as a donor of potential tourists.

Conclusions and further research. Based on the results of the study, the tourist leader is Kyiv region. Cherkasy region ranks second, losing in terms of territorial, informational and practical accessibility. The third place takes the territory of Poltava region, which is the main competitor for Cherkasy region, especially taking into account the similarity of tourist products. The main advantage of Cherkasy region in determining an alternative place of rest is affordability as the strongest competitive factor. Thus, the evaluation results confirm the present -day depiction of tourism development. We believe that such an indicator must be taken into account while developing tourism strategies and SWOT-analyses, because it allows us to identify prospects and threats, weaknesses and strengths. In the future, this method should be tested on the example of regions that are competitors for a certain type of tourist offer.
Formation of professional competence in students when teaching the disciplines of tourism direction
Authors: Svir Natalia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to highlight the formation of professional competencies in education seekers while teaching tourism disciplines. The study is considered with the aim to form professional competencies in the field of geography, recreation and tourism in future specialists.

Main material. The article analyzes professional competence of future specialists in the field of geography, recreation and tourism as an integrative quality, including mastery level of professional knowledge, skills, and abilities. The author considers the following forms of education: problem-based lectures, practical classes, independent work, excursions, describing the teaching methods: business (role-playing games), project method, etc.; and teaching tools (developed system of exercises and tasks, distance education). The study pays much attention to the formation of professional competences of future specialists in the field of geography, recreation and tourism, disclosing the specifics of their use. There is an example of the applied project method during the teaching course of the discipline “Local history and regional tourism”. The study is based on the results of a student survey on interest in studying tourism disciplines.

Conclusions. The article analyzes pedagogical conditions for the formation of positive motivation of students regarding the study of tourism disciplines through the professional direction of their content. The article specifies the use of distance learning tools for organizing students’ independent work. The author determines development of professional and personal qualities of students by means of business games, using the project method, ensuring the problematic and creative nature of educational tasks. As a result, key professional competences of future specialists in the field of geography, recreation and tourism have been formed.
Prospects of tourism development within the nature protected areas of Kharkiv region
Authors: Sehida Kateryna , Ushkvarok Daria
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to highlight the possibilities and prospects for the development of tourism within the protected areas of Kharkiv region.

Main material. The article considers theoretical aspects of the concept of tourist potential. The place of Kharkiv region among the regions of Ukraine by nature protection territories is highlighted in the study. Despite the fact that Kharkiv region has the lowest conservation rate among other regions of Ukraine, there are still objects within its framework that deserve our attention.

Today, the regional landscape park “Izyumska Luka” does not correspond to the rank of the highest value, but is under consideration for transfer to a national natural park. The diversity of flora and fauna, the attractiveness of landscapes, the availability of water resources and communication routes near the park - all this contributes to the development of tourist activities within its boundaries. At the same time, socio-economic preconditions, such as the low level of infrastructure development near the park as well as lack of qualified labor resources complicate its further possible use, and in some cases even make it impossible.

Conclusions and further research. The regional landscape park “Izyumska Luka” is a favourable place for eco-trail within its territory. Rich representatives of flora and fauna are the scientific value of the park, which can further attract tourists to this place. The route that we have built within the park can be used in practice because in addition to its attractiveness, it also relies on the zoning of the park, including only accessible areas for tourists, which is important for further preserving the scientific value of this area.

The issues that hinder the development of this type of tourism include infrastructural services: low level and quality of transport links; service establishments: hotels, hostels, campings, cafes; lack of qualified labor resources; low paying capacity of the population; not interested in this type of tourism; lack of image of the territory, complex information support.

Creation of a virtual ecological tour is promising within the regional landscape park “Izyumska Luka”. This type of tourism will help to draw attention to the object, increase the interest of the population and help start working on the image of the territory and its advertising. Moreover, in the future, it will contribute to the introduction and approval of this route on the ground.
Changes in the sensitivity of mammalian erythrocytes to hypertonic shock and cryohemolysis under the pretreatment by phenylhydrazine
Authors: Nipot O. , Yershova N. , Yershov S. , Chabanenko O. , Shpakova N.
Published: October 2023

The effect of pretreating mammalian erythrocytes with phenylhydrazine on their sensitivity to hypertonic shock and hypertonic cryohemolysis was investigated. The results of the experiments showed that the sensitivity of intact mammalian erythrocytes to these stress effects is species-specific. It can be determined by differences in the protein and phospholipid composition of the erythrocytes studied. Human erythrocytes are more sensitive to hypertonic shock at 37 and 0°C, and human and equine erythrocytes are more sensitive to hypertonic cryohemolysis. It was found that under hypertonic shock conditions, the degree of lysis of rabbit erythrocytes at 37°C and 0°C is the same, whereas that of bovine red blood cells is significantly different. Phenylhydrazine treatment alters the sensitivity of erythrocytes to hypertonic shock of some studied mammals and to hypertonic cryohemolysis in all of them. The results showed that under hypertonic shock at 37°C, the sensitivity of human and bovine cells decreases, that of rabbit cells does not change, that of horse cells increases; at 0°C, it increases in all species studied. It should be noted that the sensitivity of horse erythrocytes to hypertonic injury increases significantly (almost twice) at 0 and 37°C, whereas the sensitivity of rabbit erythrocytes does not change at 37°C. Under conditions of hypertonic cryohemolysis, the degree of cell lysis after treatment with phenylhydrazine becomes the same for erythrocytes of all mammalian species studied, i.e. the effect of stress becomes universal and not species-specific. Taking into account the data on the effect of phenylhydrazine only on the protein part of the erythrocyte cytoskeleton-membrane complex, it can be assumed that the protein component of the cytoskeleton is decisive in the response of mammalian erythrocytes to the effect of hypertonic cryohemolysis. As for hypertonic shock, since the species-specificity of the mammalian erythrocyte response to stress is preserved after phenylhydrazine action on membrane proteins, other structures, such as the lipid component of the membrane, could determine the sensitivity of erythrocytes to this type of stress.
MAIN TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGULATORY LANDSCAPE OF RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT IN THE WORLD
Authors: Vorontsova Anna , Agafonova Elizaveta , Yelnikova Yuliia
Published: October 2023

The development of the responsible investment market is an undoubted trend that has swept the world in recent years and is only gaining strength. In connection with this, the question arises of the appropriate regulatory regulation of this sector of activity, which will help ensure the transparency and efficiency of the activities of investors. This contributes to the formulation of the purpose of this study, which consists in conducting an analysis of existing trends in the regulatory regulation of responsible investments and outlining possible prospects for their development. In order to achieve the set goal, the present state of development of responsible investment is analyzed in the work in accordance with the data of the UN Principles for Responsible Investment project. The results indicate a positive growth trend in the number of regulatory instruments of responsible investment, although certain imbalances depending on the geographical region have been identified so far. This indicates an increased focus on responsible investing, with governments and other concerned regulatory bodies actively developing rules and frameworks to promote responsible investment practices. At the same time, China, Germany, Italy and Spain are the most active countries in terms of regulatory regulation of responsible investment. Analysis of the main types of regulatory instruments of responsible investment also shows their uneven development. The most common today are the mandatory instruments of disclosure of ESG information for investors, corporate disclosure of ESG information and integration of ESG information for investors. This is due to increased transparency and reporting requirements, as well as the requirements of most regulators to disclose ESG-related risks, opportunities and performance. The obtained results made it possible to confirm the assumption about the need to unify the regulatory landscape of responsible investment in the world for further progress in this sector and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Analisis Waktu Sembuh Penderita Covid-19: Penelitian Multisenter
Authors: Wahyudi Fajar Desma , Wardhani Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis , Larasati T.A
Published: October 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 menimbulkan beban penyakit sangat tinggi. Hingga akhir Januari 2023 terdapat lebih 753 juta kasus konfirmasi global, dan pada awal April 2023 terdapat lebih 670 juta kasus konfirmasi serta lebih 161 juta kematian di Indonesia. Peneitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi waktu sembuh penderita Covid-19 di RS. Ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode retrospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien konfirmasi Covid-19 dirawat di lima RS rujukan di propinsi Lampung pada 1 Juni-31 Agustus 2021. Sampel dipilih secara total sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi, Data diambil dari Rekam Medik pasien di RS. Analisis dilakuan dengan Uji Kaplan-Meier dan Cox Proportional Hazard. Sebanyak 1133 pasien menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Sebagian besar penderita berjenis kelamin laki-laki (61 %), berusia kurang 65 tahun (79,2 %), berpenghasilan tidak tetap (42,9%), tinggal di perkotaan (61,5 %), pendidikan lulus SMA (30,1%), kategori derajat gejala sedang (59,9 %), memiliki komorbid (58,1%) dan kondisi keluar RS adalah perbaikan klinis (48%). Median waktu sembuh 14 hari (95%CI:12,552-15,448). Variabel prediktor waktu sembuh yaitu derajat gejala (p-value< 0,001; AHR=2,423; 95%CI:1,815-3,235), dan usia (p-value=0,007; AHR=1,660; 95%CI:1,152-2,392). Penderita berusia kurang 65 tahun dengan derajat gejala sedang berpeluang paling besar untuk sembuh lebih cepat. Untuk mengetahui apakah komorbid tertentu menjadi prediktor waktu sembuh pasien Covid-19 diperlukan penelitian berikutnya.
Comparative literature, a pole apart thought in english literature
Authors: Amal J. Eronimus
Published: October 2023

The paper titled 'Comparative literature, a pole apart thought in English literature' is a monographic artistic presentation describing, raising an interrogation toward the literatures around the continents for better production in the field of literature. From the chronological approach, there have been number of identifications enough and more for the humane in thought and the respect for the other as the mode of comparative literature. It has been maintained by the author how different thinkers of the continents put the know how into the stream of conscious presentation making it comparative literature as tying together the cosmopolitan community, which has been put in to presentation for the future generation to have a thought before they have their start.
The Intervention Program effect on the Quality of Children’s Body Posture at Elementary Education Level
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic, Mandzáková Martina , Slováková Michaela ,   Matej Bel University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic
Published: October 2023

The goal of this research was to determine the impact of an intervention program containing music-accompanied sport and dance activities on the quality of pupils’ body posture at the elementary level of education in physical and sports education classes. The research sample comprised Ʃ 102 pupils at the primary level of education, 53 of whom were boys with a decimal age of 8.83±0.69 and 49 were girls with a decimal age of 8.77±0.68. They were subjected to testing according to the Klein and Thomas method modified by Mayer. The output results of the posture diagnostics confirmed the significant effect of targeted exercises on the overall posture of boys with a substantial effect (Z=-6.131, p<0.05, r=0.60 – substantial effect). The greatest influence in the boys’ group was confirmed in the general spine curvature in the sagittal plane (Z=-5.209, p<0.05, r=0.51 – substantial effect). In the girls’ group, the targeted movement program was confirmed to have a substantial effect on overall body posture (Z=-5.793, p<0.05, r=0.59). In all other segments, it was significantly manifested with a medium effect. It was concluded that none of the participants had flawless posture. After the application of the intervention program, good posture was demonstrated by 62.2% of boys and 61.1% of girls. In the output test, the posture of 37.7% of boys and 38.8% of girls was incorrect. None of the pupils was diagnosed with very bad posture after the application of the intervention program. The relationship between BMI and posture assessment of the respondents was assessed. The results of the correlation of BMI values (r=0.007, p>0.05) and overall body posture did not show statistical dependence in both sexes. The intervention program including music-movement and dance elements had a significant effect on improving the posture quality of both boys and girls. The program supported by a musical piece was perceived positively by the pupils for its variety and emotionality. The program should be applied in the physical education classes at a frequency of minimum 2 times a week.
Effects of Learning Alpine Skiing Techniques on Postural Stability
Authors:   Faculty of Kinesiology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia, Curic Mijo , Mujanovic Edin ,   Faculty of Physical education and Sport, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Nozinovic Mujanovic Amra ,   Faculty of Physical education and Sport, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Atikovic Almir ,   Faculty of Physical education and Sport, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Oršolić Mario ,   Faculty of Kinesiology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia,   Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
Published: October 2023

Alpine skiing is a sport and recreational physical activity which requires fine postural control to maintain balance in challenging conditions. Theoretically, balance dominates in alpine skiing, but coordinated action of the whole body of the skiers is equally important. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of experimental short-term program of intensive training of alpine skiing techniques to postural stability (on Biodex Balance System) of students. The sample is divided into an experimental (31 students, age 21.4±1.0 and body height 180.7±6.3 cm) and control group (34 students, age 20.6±0.8 and body height 180.3±6.8 cm). The results of ANCOVA within variables for the evaluation of postural stability show statistically significant effects of the applying experimental program in all applied variables at the level of significance p=.000. From the mean value results (M) it is obvious that the experimental group achieved better results compared to the identical tests applied to the control group. The results of this research show that learning to ski can improve the ability to maintain balance, especially if it is conducted under the expert supervision of a ski instructor, which can have the effect of reducing the risk of injury.
Asymmetry in Ball Kicking Speed between Preferred and Non-preferred Leg in Young Soccer Players
Authors:   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Rađa Ante , Marasović Jakov ,   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Erceg Marko ,   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
Published: October 2023

Kicking ability is one of the most important skills in soccer. It is very important to have a good kicking ability with both feet. The main goal of this research was to determine a ball kicking asymmetry (KA) between preferred and non-preferred leg in young soccer players for the U-15 and the U-17 age category. The second goal was to determine differences in kicking asymmetry (KA) between players of different playing positions. 183 young players in U-15 category as well as 87 players from U-17 age category were tested with simple soccer specific test to evaluate kicking velocity (km/h) with preferred and non-preferred leg using Pocket radar. Testing took place on the artificial grass during dry and warm weather and ball was kicked while stationary at the 11-m spot. Results obtained with Student’s T-test showed that differences in the maximum kicking velocity with the preferred and non-preferred leg were statistically significant (p≤0.05) in both age groups (90.2±8.8 km/h /78.5±9.8 km/h for U-15) and (102.7±6.4 km/h /89.5±9.4 km/h for U-17) which confirmed KA is present. Additionally, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in KA between different playing positions in U-17 group (KA=14.57/9.72/14.1 for defenders, midfielders and attackers, respectively). Soccer kicking can be a quality indicator for assessing the soccer kicking ability. By assessing kicking ability, relevant results can be obtained in a fast, and efficient way and can be utilized in the selection process of young talents.
Modelo de participación política en Twitter:
Authors: Lucas Cicibel
Published: October 2023

El uso de Twitter como espacio la comunicación entre políticos y ciudadanos, es una invaluable fuente de datos sobre la participación activa -engagement- de los usuarios. Al aplicar un enfoque de análisis de texto a una serie de publicaciones entre marzo de 2020 y febrero de 2021, exploramos también la interacción social que surge de las publicaciones de la cuenta presidencial @DrGiammattei y la respuesta directa de los ciudadanos. Los resultados prueban la participación ciudadana, de la que deviene un sinfín de temas de interés sobre el debate social en la vida política del país; entre ellos, el uso de perfiles falsos, la credibilidad del Presidente, la falta de transparencia en la entrega de información oficial, el sistema de justicia involucrado en escándalos políticos y el creciente ataque a la prensa. Nuestro objetivo es ampliar la información de la dinámica de Twitter para exponer y debatir realidades.
Improved Ground Radiation Antenna Performance for a Vertically Attached PCB
Authors: Wi Seokju , Lee Hoseung , Kim Jeonghwan , Li Rui , Shin Hyunwoong , Kim Hyeongdong
Published: October 2023

A small, loop-type ground radiation antenna for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications in the complex ground with two vertically attached printed circuit boards (PCBs) was designed. In the presence of a vertical PCB (sub-PCB), the antennas in two different positions, far from and near the sub-PCB, were designed. The current distribution of the complex PCB was stronger near the sub-PCB. Therefore, the coupling between the antenna and the complex PCB was stronger when the antenna was located near the sub-PCB. The antenna close to the sub-PCB obtained more than twice the 3:1 VSWR bandwidth and the efficiency bandwidth than the distant antenna.
Unified GSTC-FDTD Algorithm for the Efficient Electromagnetic Analysis of 2D Dispersive Materials
Authors: Jang Sangeun , Baek Jae-Woo , Cho Jeahoon , Jung Kyung-Young
Published: October 2023

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used for the electromagnetic wave analysis of complex media. Conventional FDTD analyses of very thin two-dimensional (2D) dispersive materials require overwhelming computing resources because they should use very refined FDTD spatial grids. In this work, we propose a computationally efficient and unified FDTD formulation for 2D dispersive materials based on a combination of the generalized sheet transition condition (GSTC) and the modified Lorentz dispersion model. The proposed FDTD formulation can lead to a significant improvement in computational efficiency compared to the conventional FDTD method, while maintaining high accuracy. Numerical examples validate the improved computational efficiency of the proposed FDTD formulation.
Sultan Mahmud II's diseases and cause of death from the perspective of medical doctor’s and current medical literature
Authors: Sultanoğlu Hasan , Topçu İbrahim , Gündoğdu Raşit , Salman Zeynep
Published: October 2023

The illness of Sultan Mahmud II, the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the 109th Islamic Caliph, started to be discussed after his death. In this study, the possible illnesses of Sultan Mahmud II, his illness process and death were analysed by comparing the claims and explanations made by his physicians during his illness and death. The research includes: the incomplete document of Abdülhak Molla, the chief physician of the period; the book titled Deux Annees de l’Histoire d’Orient 1839-1840 (Two Years in the East 1839-1840) written by Edmond De Cadalvene and Emile Barrault; the book titled Relation Officielle de la Maladie et de la Mort du Sultan Mahmud II (Sultan Mahmud II’s Illness and Death) by Mac Carthy and Konstantin Kara Todori. The Illness and Death of Sultan Mahmud II), published in 1841; and, three reports sent by Karl Ambros Bernard to the Austrian government on different dates based on Jakob Neuner. In the light of current medical knowledge, the above-mentioned information and documents about the sultan’s illness suggest that Sultan Mahmud II suffered from “lung cancer” and “alcohol withdrawal syndrome”. It was concluded that his death was due to sepsis developing as a result of the infection caused by the disease and the deterioration of metabolite balances in the body.
Epidemiology of common infectious diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bavaria, Germany, 2016 to 2021: an analysis of routine surveillance data
Authors: van de Berg Sarah , Charles Tanja , Dörre Achim , Katz Katharina , Böhm Stefanie
Published: October 2023

Background

Unprecedented non-pharmaceutical interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic also had an effect on other infectious diseases.

Aim

We aimed to determine their impact on transmission and diagnosis of notifiable diseases other than COVID-19 in Bavaria, Germany, in 2020 and 2021.

Methods

We compared weekly cases of 15 notifiable infectious diseases recorded in Bavaria between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021 in time series analyses, median age and time-to-diagnosis using Wilcoxon rank sum test and hospitalisation rates using univariable logistic regression during three time periods: pre-pandemic (weeks 1 2016–9 2020), pandemic years 1 (weeks 10–52 2020) and 2 (2021).

Results

Weekly case numbers decreased in pandemic year 1 for all diseases assessed except influenza, Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis; markedly for norovirus gastroenteritis (IRR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.12–0.20) and pertussis (IRR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.18–0.26). In pandemic year 2, influenza (IRR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.02–0.09) and pertussis (IRR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.09–0.14) decreased markedly, but also chickenpox, dengue fever,Haemophilus influenzaeinvasive infection, hepatitis C, legionellosis, noro- and rotavirus gastroenteritis and salmonellosis. For enterohaemorrhagicEscherichia coliinfections, median age decreased in pandemic years 1 and 2 (4 years, interquartile range (IQR): 1–32 and 3 years, IQR: 1–18 vs 11 years, IQR: 2–42); hospitalisation proportions increased in pandemic year 1 (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.08–2.34).

Conclusion

Reductions for various infectious diseases and changes in case characteristics in 2020 and 2021 indicate reduced transmission of notifiable diseases other than COVID-19 due to interventions and under-detection.
EPIDEMIOCLINICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY FEATURES OF OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS DURING PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND ECLAMPSIA AT THE YOPOUGON UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Sowagnon Thierry Yves Constant , Yves Ouattara , Colette Kouassi-Rebours Aya , Epiphane Kouaï Bi Tah , Beda Appia Gilles , Kpatchignain Koné
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are obstetric emergencies involving maternal and foetal vital prognosis. They are providers of ocular complications.The aim of our study was to highlight the epidemioclinical and evolutionary features of these ocular lesions in pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive purpose which was carried out over a period of 5 months from March 1 to July 31, 2021. It included all hospitalized pre-eclamptic and eclamptic patients.Results: We collected 33 cases of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia out of a total of 325 pregnant women that is a hospital prevalence of 9.37%. The average age of our patients was 29 years with extremes ranging from 17 to 45 years. Eclampsia accounted for 57.57% of the diagnosis and pre-eclampsia 42.42%. Visual acuity was normal in 42.42% of cases. Hypertensive retinopathy was detected in 63.63% of cases. The most severe fundus lesions were more common in pregnant women with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Regression of fundus lesions was visible in 79.17% of cases.Conclusion: Ocular lesions occur mainly in severe cases of pre-eclampsia and their research would improve their management.
Development Array Module of Phased Array Radars for Space Debris Monitoring
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Chung Andrew , Wee Jinwoo , Lee Seong-Jae , Ha Sung-Jae
Published: October 2023

This study examines the results of the array modules corresponding to the transceivers of phased array radars utilized for space debris monitoring. The phased array radar for space debris surveillance examined in this study utilizes the S-band radar frequency and is a digital radar system. However, the transmitter-receiver module is power-consuming and generates heat to satisfy the long distance of the radar. The array modules in this study utilized a common water-elongation path to increase the power supply efficiency such that the full digital radar can be fabricated. The measured characteristics of the single array modules of space debris radar were within an output frequency range of 2.9 to 3.35 GHz and power of at least 56 dBm in 300 µs with a pulse flatness of less than 0.5 dB in this frequency band. The maximum duty of 10% was satisfied. The noise figure of the receiver satisfied the characteristics of at most 3.21 dB.
Development of Sauce Paste for Topping Using Sprouted Oat Powder with Protective Effect in HT22 Brain Neurons
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Yang Myung-Soon
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to develop a sauce paste (SP) with functional properties to improve brain health. Sprouted oat powder (SOP) was used as a substitute for wheat medium flour (WMF). SP was developed from 1% turmeric root powder, 75% tomato paste, and several concentrations of SOP, namely, 5% (T1), 10% (T2), and 15% (T3). The control (T0) contained 5% WMF instead of SOP. The L values of the samples decreased, and the a and b values increased in a dose-dependent manner similar to the viscosity and organoleptic properties. The samples displayed grass taste and smell in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that seasonings should be used to mask the adverse flavor or to improve the flavor to make the SP appropriate for use as food topping. An extract of SP T2 (15% SOP) was used to test the protective effects of SP in brain neurons, HT22 cells. T2 extract showed anti-inflammatory effect on Raw 264.7 macrophages, and inhibitory effect in HT22 cell death resulting from by oxidative stress. These results indicate that SOP could be used to prepare SP for toppings as a thickening agent, replacing WMF.
Simulating the Spaceframe Computational Collision of Small Volume Production Roadsters
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Shin Dae-Hoon
Published: October 2023

This study conducts computerized crash analysis and actual crash tests on small-production vehicles. Accordingly, the results are graphically compared to see whether they are coherent. The analysis methods were designed based on the 2016 Hyundai Ioniq Electric vehicle. The computer simulation considered a frame constructed using shell elements, bumper constructed using solid elements, and bumper connector, which were analyzed using the finite element method. Subsequently, a fixed wall frontal crash test was conducted with placing male dummies on both the driver's seat and left side. Similar trends were detected by comparing the computer simulated crash and actual crash test analysis results. Finally, we confirmed that graphs with similar trends were generated.
Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen at Critical Growth Phases on Rice
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, S SADAYAPPAN , S KOLANDAISWAMY ,   Associate Professor of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Agrl,College and Research Institute,Madurai 625 104. Tamil Nadu., K.M PALANISWAMY ,   Associate Professor of Statistics Agricultural College Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

With the object of studying the response of the rice variety IR-20 to different levels of nitrogen and to find out the best time of application for getting maximum return, an experiment was conducted. The study revealed that application of nitrogen in four splits, half basal and the remaining half in three equal parts at tillering, ear initiation and just before reduction division stage gave the highest yield and 145 kg N/ha was the economic level for getting maximum return,
Study on the Efficient Use of Water for Rice Linder L. B. P. Command Area
Authors:   Professor of Agronomy (Water Management)Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R KALIAPPA , S VENKATACHALAM ,   Soil Physicist Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K.M NACHAPPAN ,   Divisional Agricultural Engineering Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K.V SELVARAJ ,   Research Assitant Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K.P RAMASWAMY ,   Assitant Agronomist Madurai
Published: October 2023

Lower Bhavani Project has developed an irrigation system of its own. It needs a closer investigation as to the scheduling of irrigation in the two seasons taking into account the rainfalls. The investigations suggest different schedules for kharif and rabi. For IR. 20 irrigation once every 96 hours to recoup to five cms is good in kharif season while submergence recouping to 5 cms during flowering stage and maintaining drained surface during tillering and maturity stages will do for rabi season.
Evaluation of V-Shaped Rice Cultivation
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, B.G RAJASHEKARA , Y.B MORACHAN ,   Professor and Head of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

V-shaped rice cultivation was compared with the conventional method (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University method) using three tall indicas Co 29, ADT 27 and TKM 6 under two nitrogen levels namely 100 and 200 kg/ha. The V-shaped cultivation was found to increase the number of spikelets, percentage of ripened grains, thousand-grain weight and the length of the panicle and reduced the height and checked elongation of lower internode thus checking lodging.
Studies on the Crop-Weed Competition and Chemical Weed Control in Irrigated and Dryland Bajra (Pennisetum typhoideum L.).
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, A MOHAMED ALI , V.K BALAKRISHNAN ,   Instructor Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, S SANKARAN ,   Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Y.B MORACHAN ,   Professor, Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003
Published: October 2023

Experiments conducted at Coimbatore during kharif 1973 revealed that a weed free condition upto 35 days was required for getting economic yield in direct sown irriga- ted Bajra (var HB. 3). Application of atrazine at 0,5 kg a. i.fha as pre-emergence spray was found to be the best effective and economic weed control treatment under irrigated condition. For dry crop, pre-sowing application of atrazine 0.5 kg o. 1/he is recommended. Post-emergence application of 2, 4-D at 1 kg a. i/ha was not effective in controlling weed in both irrigated and dry crop.
Studies on Intercropping of Short Duration Vegetables with Maize
Authors:   Millets Specialist Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K MEENAKSHI , A.K FAZLULLAH KHAN ,   Instructor in Millets Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R APPADURAI ,   Associate Professor of Botany Millets Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Studies were conducted for four consecutive seasons on intercropping of bhendi, cowpea, radish, clusterbeans lab-lab, beet root, knol khol and carrot. The results indicate that none of the vegetables had any adverse effect on the yield of the main maize crop and in addition the cultivation of bhendi along with maize gave an additional return of Rs. 934/ha during summer and Rs. 2832/ha during monsoon seasons, The next best vegetable was found to be cowpea giving an additional return of Rs. 700/ha in summer and Rs. 1934/ha in the monsoon season.
Effect of 2-Chloroethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride on the Yield and Yield Attributes of Co. 7 Ragi Under Graded Doses of Nitrogen
Authors:   Regional Agricultural Research Station Kovilpatti, A.A DASON , S KOLANDAISWAMY ,   Associate Professor of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Agrl,College and Research Institute,Madurai 625 104. Tamil Nadu.
Published: October 2023

The effect of nitrogen and CCC was studied in respect of yield, and yield attributes of Co. 7 ragi The combination of the highest level of nitrogen (200 kg N/ha) and the highest consentration of CCC (7500 ppm) gave the maximun, grain yield. The percentage of increases by CCC ranged from 7.9 to 92.5 per cent over the control. Response curves fitted with different levels of nitrogen and concentration of CCC, showed linear trend. The data on yield attributes reveal that the number of productive tillers, length of ear, number of grains per ear, waight of grains per ear and the straw vield ware significantly influenced by the levels of nitrogen while it had no influence on the length of ear. number of fingers per ear and thousand-grain weight while CCC also significantly influ enced the number of productive titlers, length of ear, number of fingers per ear and the number of grains per ear, but it had no influence over thousand-grain weight and straw yield.
Effect of Fertilization on Yield and Nutrient Concentration of Black Gram (Phaseolus mungo L.)
Authors:   Instructor, Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K RAJENDRAN , A.N SIVAPPAH ,   Assitant Professor, Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, K.K KRISHNAMOORTHY ,   Head Professor, Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Blackgram was grown in red soil of Coimbatore under varying levels of N, P and rhizobium. The yield of seed was found to increase with increase in level of N and P whereas the dry matter production was influenced by P levels only. The crude protein and total P content of seed were found to increase with levels of N and P respectively.