bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iraq's Progressive Policies Towards Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

What has become of the Iraqi woman after the war? What has become of powerful women's groups like the General Federation of Iraqi Women? How did the war affect the rights and conditions of Iraqi women?
The Private/ Public Dichotomy
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

Research on women in the Arab World range from gathering statistics on their status to analyzing cultural and social factors defining and influencing the conditions of women.
Queen Noor AI-Hussain Foundation
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The success and effectiveness of social work and developmentprogrammes in the countries of the Middle East are often linked to support from the political regime or political leadership in question.
Those Memories (From the Novel)
Authors: Nasrallah Emily
Published: March 2020

Woman and the Family in the Middle East. edited byElizabeth Warnock Fernea, Austin: University of Texas Press,1985, pp. 183-186.
The Price of Independence: The Case of Algerian Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Algerian women are praised for their brave participation in the struggle for national independence against French colonialism. According to female scholars like Dr. Faiqa Mjahed, Marie-Aime Helie-Lucas and Djamila Amrane a freedom fighter herself (1957-1962), the participation of Algerian women played a determining role in the success of the struggle.
Personal Status Code in Morocco
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Fatima Mernissi, a contemporary Moroccan feminist spoke to various Moroccan women from various backgrounds on the issue of marriage and couples. She reports that these women insist on a conjugal couple based on economic and affective equality as the sole viable model and that they are completely dedicated to creating it.
Women Artists in Arab Countries
Authors: Hammoud Nuha Tabbara
Published: March 2020

The beginning of the twentieth century witnessed in the Arab World a limited number of artists most of whom were men; but the period between the fifties and eighties marked the birth of many women artists, especially in Lebanon, Egypt, Iraq and other countries - some of them with important affiliations, others with none - but they all had one thing in common: self-assertion and the struggle for more social and economic independence, after a long period of imposed absence.
Flight Against Time / Women in Development / Mortemaison
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Various Book Reviews by Evelyne Accad
The Charm
Authors: Idilbi Ilfat
Published: March 2020

The following story was published in Women and the Family in the Middle East, edited by Elizabeth Fernea. Austin, University of Texas: 1985.
Art, Science and Women
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

I shall try to simplify this intricate heading by recalling a casual talk I had, about this same topic, with Dr. Salwa Nassar, the well-known Lebanese physicist, as we sat on a hillside in her village, Dhour-el-Shweir, one summer afternoon. Instead of admiring the beauty of the landscape, we started a somewhat serious discussion about art and science.
Reports from Around the World
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Reports from Around the World
News from Around the World
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Gulf Aid for Africa / Women and the Arab society
Women in Contemporary Tunisia
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Tunisia, at the crossroads of civilizations: Carthage, Rome, the Ottomans ... , is often considered the land of dialogue, and the land where women enjoy a more privileged position than their sisters in other North African and Arab countries. Are these assumptions about modern-day Tunisia supported by the reality?
Tunisia: Facts and Figures
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Tunisia: Facts and Figures
Women at the Tahar Haddad Club
Authors: Stephan Wafa
Published: March 2020

The Tahar Haddad Club is one of the many cultural clubs that exist in Tunisia. Situated right in the middle of the old city of Tunis-the Medina - it carries the name of a famous Tunisian reformist of the early 20th century, who advocated the emancipation and equality of women. .
State Policies and Position of the Women Workers in the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen. (1967-1977)
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

This book is based mainly on personal interviews conducted by the author during a research visit to Democratic Yemen at the end of 1977. Part of the information on women factory workers was obtained through an officially approved questionnaire supplemented with interviews with officials, factory managers and people from different walks of life.
Ilham Kallab: Women and War in Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Early this year, Dr. Ilham Kallab Professor of Sociology at the Lebanese University and author of studies on women and children, gave a conference (in French) on Women and War in Lebanon.
Azizah al-Hibri Talks About Women and War In Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Azizah al - Hibri is the editor of HYPATIA: A JOURNAL OF FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY. She was born and raised in Beirut and currently lives in the U.S.A. Last year, she was interviewed by the AFSC Women's Newsletter, (Vol. 4, Number 1, 1983) apublication of the Nationwide Women's Program of the American Friends Service Committee. Although a year has passed since this interview was published, AI - Raida finds it still topical to include this abridged version.
H. R. H. Princess Wijdan Ali of Jordan
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The National Gallery of Jordan celebrated its fifth anniversary on the 7th of February 1984. Founded in 1979 by the Royal Society of Fine Arts, the Gallery's main objective is to be a pioneer of the arts not only in Jordan but also in the rest of the Arab world.
Impressions on a Trip to Egypt
Authors: Stephan Wafa
Published: March 2020

Egypt, popularly known as the Mother of the World", is one of the most fascinating countries of the Middle East. Not only does it contain great archaeological treasures - dating back to Pharaonic, Coptic and Muslim times; it has also shaped modern Arab politics, literature, art, journalism and cinematography of this part of the world.
Yemeni Woman by C. Tahan
Authors: Tahan C.
Published: March 2020

Yemeni Woman by C. Tahan
Critical Notes Regarding Women's Role in Development
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Most studies regarding women in the Arab world deal with such questions as the number of working women, the ratios of educated and illiterate women, women's health, maternity centers, child welfare centers and the like.
Moroccan Women Take to Vocational Training
Authors: MacDonald Diane
Published: March 2020

Abridged article by Diane MacDonald, published in Al-Majal,n. 141, December 1982, pp. 23-25.
Kuwait
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

A committee studying trends at Kuwait University reported that not only is there a higher percentage of females pursuing graduate studies but that their performance is on the whole better than that of their male counterparts.
Woman's Participation in the Economic Development of Lebanon and the Arab Countries
Authors: Zurayk Dr. Huda
Published: March 2020

Condensed from a paper presented at the Second NationalConference for Demographic Policies, organized by the LFPA,1-3 April 1982. See AI-Raida, Nov. 1, 1982, vol. V, no. 22, p. 10.
Dr. Saniyya Habboub: Fifty Years of Devoted Medical Service
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Muslim Cultural Club in Beirut celebrated on May 19, 1982, the fiftieth anniversary of Dr. Saniyya Habboub's activity in the medical field.
Feminism in Scandinavia and in the U.S.
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

While some Americans complain or even ridicule the exaggerated activity of American feminists and deplore the huge sums of money spent on feminist research and publicity, a comparison between this movement and other similar movements in the Western World will show its superiority.
"Emergence of the Feminine Question in the Discourse of Human Sciences", Algeria
Authors: Hakiki Fatiha
Published: March 2020

Abstract of a document submitted by Fatiha Hakiki, Groupe deRecherche sur les Femmes Aigeriennes. Document de Travailno. 1, C.D.S.H. Universite de Wahran, 1981 .
Social Welfare Activities in Bahrain
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In several issues of AI-Raida, we reported on the increasing interest in social welfare projects which distinguishes the State of Bahrain.
Conference of the National Alliance of Lebanese Women
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The National Alliance of Lebanese Women held its second conference at the Carlton Hotel on May 8, 1982.
Rituals of the 8th of March Between Impressions and Pressures
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Condensed from a collective document prepared by the " Groupe de Recherche sur les Femmes Algeriennes", C.D.S.H. Document de Travail, no. 10, University of Wahran, March 1981.
Dr. Badria AI-Awadhi, a Champion of Human Rights
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

While we care to emphasize the needs and shortcomings of Arab women of to-day, we should not forget that there exists among them a minority group who act like the leavening agents that accelerate change in their environment.
Progress Reports
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Different progress reports from around the world.
The Coming of Age
Authors: Simonian Azadouhi Kalaidjian
Published: March 2020

In the last decade, people concerned with the problems of old age, witnessed the publication of the monumental work of Simone de Beauvoir, "La Vieillesse", translated into English by Patrick O'Brian, under the title of The Coming of Age. It is a thorough stucfy of old age in all its phases and can be considered a pioneering work in our century.
Re-Living The Past with Daisy al-Ameer
Authors: Nakhoudian Alidz
Published: March 2020

This article was based on an interview with Daisy al -Ameer,made by Alidz Nakhoudian, from the Women's Studies Class, B.U.C June 1981
World Fertility Survey Conference
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Family Planning Associations, demographic conferences,abundant literature on birth control and family planning, many local and international activities taking place in both developed and developing countries, are presently focused on population problems'which people everywhere must confront.
1981, Year of the Handicapped
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

There was a time when, in every part of the world, disabled individuals, when not exposed or abandoned by their parents or guardians, were treated by society as an object of entertainment.
The Syrian Woman: Her Role and Status in the Process of Social Change
Authors: Akhras Dr. M.S.
Published: March 2020

A study of 136 stencilled Arabic pages, prepared by the author for the "Section of Social Research" in the Syrian ministry.
The Role of Women in Jordan Society
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Nineteen delegates from eleven Arab countries, participants from UNESCO, UNICEF, UNFPA and ILO, together with numerous Jordanian observers, attended the Seminar on the Role of Working Women, which was held in Jordan on April 26-29, 1980.
Sexual Exploitation in a Third World Country
Authors: Mananzan Mary John
Published: March 2020

In the Philippines, the political and economic systems pave the way for exploitation which, in the case of women, assumes a double proportion. Two and a half percent of the 44 million population control the means of production . Foreign control of the economy hampers economic development and succeeds inwidening the gap between the rich and the poor. Martial law is applied for the suppression of human rights in the name of national safety.
Leadership Conference at AUB
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The "Conference on Leadership and Development in the Arab World" which took place at the American University of Beirut, Dec 10-14, 1979, covered a long program of sub-topics included in this broad and important topic.
Miscellaneous News
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Miscellaneous News from around the world.
A Course on Arab Women at B.U.C.
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

A course on Arab Women initiated by IWSAW has been introduced as part of S.U .C. curriculum during the spring semester of 1979. Mrs. Lorfing, researcher at theInstitute, has been appointed coordinator of the course. The following paragraphs are excerpts from the statement by which she introduced the course on Feb. 20, 1979.
Voluntary Social Organizations in Jordan
Authors: Yacoub Dr. Salah
Published: March 2020

There are 222 Voluntary social organizations in Jordan. 211 are local and the rest are foreign; 40% of the local societies work in the Capital district, 60% in the other districts.
Women·s Social Welfare Activities in South Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The district of the South in Lebanon, more than any other district, has born the brunt of the war. It has been, and continues to be, the field of confrontation between Israelis and Palestinans.
Various Conferences
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Various Conferences
The First Woman Minister in the Syrian Government
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In the Arab World today, Women's claims for political rights seem to be reaching fulfillment. After the appointment of- a woman to the ministry of social affairs in both Egypt and Iraq, Syria followed suit in 1976 by appointing Dr. Najah Attar to the ministry of culture and national conseling.
Gender Research in Iraq: Facts and Expectations
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

After being pushed to the back stage during fifteen years of civil war, a sharp resurgence of interest in enhancing the participation of Lebanese women in politics was witnessed in the early 1990s. This was reflected in the mushrooming of women’s non-governmental organizations that had this goal on their agenda. The constitutional and political reforms that brought the war to a halt, and the accompanying promise of democratization, raised women’s hopes that their pre-war exclusion from power and decision-making positions would come to an end. However, the results of the first post-war parliamentary elections held in 1992 did not meet women’s expectations, either qualitatively or quantitatively. This, coupled with their continued exclusion from post-war governments, intensified pre-war frustration.
The Arab Women Discourses on Feminism and Islam: Fear of an Oxymoron?
Authors: Abboud Hosn
Published: March 2020

The academic discourse that deals with feminism and Islam makes some people cautious given the inherent double standards or oxymoronic nature of the combination of the following terms: “feminism” and “Islam”. Hence questions arise as to whether it is worthwhile for women to study Islam from a women’s issues perspective, or whether the religious monotheistic tradition and the patriarchal system it entails can coexist with the feminist standpoint. Do feminist Muslim women actually exist? Is Islamic feminism just “a trend” since Islamic discourse is en vogue and is widely discussed and dissected?
Gender, Behavior and Health: Schistosomiasis Transmission and Control in Rural Egypt
Authors: Mullin Jehan
Published: March 2020

In Gender, Behavior and Health: Schistosomiasis Transmission and Control in Rural Egypt, Samiha El Katsha and Susan Watts examine schistosomiasis (commonly known as bilharzia) in two semi-rural villages in the Nile Delta, employing gender analysis in order to better understand human behaviors that lead to infection, transmission, and prevention. It is one study among a very select few that examines the socio-behavioral and gendered aspects of schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease found predominantly in tropical and sub-tropical countries that infected over two hundred million people world-wide during the mid-1990s while three times that amount were estimated to be at-risk (p. 1). This multi-disciplined and multi-faceted study, conducted between 1991-1996, explores individual and social behaviors while also examining the complex interactions between gender, behavior, biomedicine, the environment, agriculture, and economic factors that relate to schistosomiasis.
“Un/Veiled: Feminist Art from the Arab/Muslim Diaspora”
Authors: Buller Rachel Epp
Published: March 2020

Images of Muslim women in global popular culture convey ideas of restriction and oppression: to many in the West, the covered Arab woman appears a victim, unable to express herself in word and deed. Artists and writers from within Arab cultures have challenged such simplistic readings, some offering alternative readings of living behind the veil, others offering the possibility of a feminist existence within an apparently oppressive society, all challenging the Orientalist mindset implied by such assumptions.
Guita Hourani Discusses Migration and her work at the Lebanese Emigration Research Center (LERC)
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Interviewing Ms. Guita Hourani, Associate Director of the Lebanese Emigration Research Center (LERC) at Notre Dame University (NDU), Lebanon, was indispensable for this issue of Al-Raida, considering that she is a woman who heads one of the few centers that addresses the issue of migration in the Arab world. Being herself a forced migrant, her testimony is very poignant given that she experienced the alienation that migrants face when they flee their country of origin and settle in a foreign land.
Gen Zeds: Towards a Culture of Merit
Authors: Walters Tim N.
Published: March 2020

The “Gen Zeds” of the title are female Emirati students in their early twenties at Zayed University who have one foot in the traditional Islamic culture of their families and another in a world that expects them to revolutionize economic and social life. Gen Zeds represent today’s generation of Emirati students. Though they are from Zayed University, they could just as easily have been from UAE University or the Higher Colleges of Technology because their education has been the result of a big push for opportunity by the country’s founding father, the late Sheikh Zayed of Abu Dhabi. These students (the Gen Zeds) are highly educated, media literate, and intense users of the internet. Upon graduation, they are expected to assume leadership positions in the United Arab Emirates despite living in a society that until recently has not permitted women roles beyond motherhood and homemaking. This paper considers whether the lessons and experiences they encounter at university will equip them for life in a society radically different from that of their mothers’.
Female Criminality in the Arab World Inspected from a Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Mohanna Zeina
Published: March 2020

Female prisoner from Kamis Moshit,1 a married woman in her 20's, murdered a young man in her house; subsequently she was sentenced for seven years of jail with hard labor.Western human rights organizations2 heavily criticized the ruling of seven years, perceiving the sentence as arbitrary since it lacks accurate consideration and study of the motives and context involved in the crime. The harassment she endured and her right to self-defense, dignity and wellbeing3 were underestimated.
The Problem with Female Criminality: A General Psychological Perspective
Authors: Ataya Ola
Published: March 2020

The number of women in prison has increased by almost 100% during the 1990s in the United Kingdom. More than 60% of women prisoners are mothers; almost half of these have dependent children. The offences for which women are imprisoned are less serious than those committed by men, including 149 fine defaulters in 2000. More than 32% of women in prison are first offenders compared to 14% of men.
New publication/Visiting fellowship collaborations/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

New publication - Knowing Our Rights: Women, Family, Laws and Customs in the Muslim World (3rd Edition) WLUML (September 2006) Visiting fellowship collaborations - The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and the British Academy have announced a new joint scheme to fund Visiting Fellowships from South Asia and the Middle East. Films- In My Father’s House- Maid in Lebanon
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

“The legal pluralism in family law has led to an absence of an 'equality before the law' standard in Lebanon. Women and children of different religious sects face very different legal choices and possibilities in terms of marriage, divorce, child custody, and inheritance… Women and children have been disproportionally disadvantaged by the delegation of family law to religious sects. Women are more likely than men to forfeit their religious heritages when they marry out.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Revolutionary struggles, indeed, create “new women” who transgress prescribed gender roles, but these women remain disadvantaged in terms of the gendered division of power and resources when the revolution is over. A spokesperson for the Omani Women’s Organization, which was active in the People’s Front for the Liberation of Oman in the mid-1970s, put it this way: “Many men had received education and political experience… before they joined the Front, while women had their first education and political experience when as young girls they joined the Revolution.”
From Kuwait and From Afghanistan
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

From Kuwait: The Struggle for Women’s SuffrageFrom Afghanistan: Afghanistan's First Female Governor
The Disabled Woman in Syria
Authors: Al-Awabida Najah Diab
Published: March 2020

The problem of those with special needs is not a matter of pity and charity, but a matter of rights stipulated by the monotheistic religions, ratified by international organizations and included in national constitutions. The problem is now raised in order to insist on the disabled people’s rights to lead a normal life just like any person whose life cannot be complete unless he/she enjoys those rights, such as security, equality, work and equal chances, so that every individual will be able to have his/her place and enjoy a secure and settled life.
Diagnosing and Treating Autism
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

By Dr. Tal’at bin Hamza al-Wazna, the General Director of Medical Services and Consultant for Diseases of the Brain and Nerve Rehabilitation.
Reducing Early Marriage In Yemen
Authors: Presentation OXFAM
Published: March 2020

Presentation by Oxfam at the MENA Conference on Reaching Vulnerable Children and Youth, June 2004
Understanding the Dynamics of Conflict: Insights from the Case of Algeria
Authors: Lloyd Cathie
Published: March 2020

Competing interpretations of gender roles have played a central role in the recent conflict in Algeria. It is impossible to understand this without exploring the desperate circumstances of many men in Algeria, and throwing new light on the debate on the ‘crisis of masculinity’. Nearly all the accounts I have read by women of their experience of the conflict highlight the issue of gender separation and difficult, painful relations between men and women, which leaves both parties in distress. This article is an attempt to explore the way in which masculinity is constructed and represented in Algeria, and to look at the r
Humiliation and Masculine Crisis in Iraq
Authors: Jones Adam
Published: March 2020

It is impossible to watch, as Iraq spirals out of U.S. control (I write at the end of April 2004), without noting the depth and combustibility of the masculine crisis that has taken hold in and around Iraq. The crisis is doubleedged and dialectical; it has both Iraqi and American dimensions. The purpose of this brief article is to examine the parameters and politico-military implications of this masculine crisis, which can be defined as the traumatic psychological and material consequences of the inability, or threatened inability, to conform to masculine role expectations.
Imagined Masculinities: Male Identity and Culture in the Modern Middle East
Authors: Maalouf Lynn
Published: March 2020

Edited by Mai Ghoussoub and Emma Sinclair-WebbSaqi Books, 2000
Past and Future Struggles: Palestinian Women Negotiate Violent Conflict
Authors: Holt Maria
Published: March 2020

On 6 September 2003 Palestinian women in the West Bank town of Tulkarem organized a demonstration of more than 200 Palestinian, Israeli and international women to protest against the Apartheid Wall that is being built by Israel in the occupied territories. Their action should not surprise us as Palestinian women are well known for their active participation in resisting the occupation. Given the severity of their situation, they have little choice but to focus first and foremost on the national struggle. But does this mean that “women’s issues” will inevitably be sidelined? Are such concerns a luxury, to be attended to once the serious business of war is ended?
Losing Sense
Authors: Traboulsi Fawwaz
Published: March 2020

The hand on her chest is not hers. It is the hand ofa woman standing next to her.She stretched out a hand to put it on her heart.Perhaps to take the pulse of pain…The hand on her chest is not hers. It is the hand ofa woman standing next to her. She stretched out ahand to put it on her chest to hide what wasunveiled.
Contemporary Egyptian Feminist Activism
Authors: Kamal Hala
Published: March 2020

By  Nadje Al-Ali, Secularism, Gender and the State in the Middle East: The Egyptian Women’s Movement (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2000).
From Palestine
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Palestinian female detainees in Israeli prisons are illtreated. Today, fifty Palestinian women are imprisoned in Israeli prisons and detention centers. Forty female  detainees are detained at Al-Ramle prison, including six  minors. The other female detainees are detained in al-Jalameh and the Russian Compound (‘Moscowbiya’).
Women’s Organizations Arab World
Authors: Al-Hamad Laila
Published: March 2020

In late 1996, a women’s organization working in the shantytowns of Cairo unexpectedly discovered that approximately 10% of its target group, or 16,000 women, officially did not exist; these women held neither a birth certificate (BC) nor an identity card (ID). Consequently, they were deprived of many basic services, such as schooling and access to credit, as well as of the rights and duties of citizenship such as voting. They encountered serious problems in claiming their personal rights, such as the pension of a deceased spouse or assets bestowed through inheritance. Moreover, their needs were not taken  into account in national policy planning and budgeting.
Reconciling Western and Arab Feminisms
Authors: Basarudin Azza
Published: March 2020

This article attempts to address how Western and Arab (North and South) feminists are able to envision solidarity and empower women across local and national boundaries through (1) connecting local and global gender issues and (2) reconciling Western feminist scholarships and Arab women’s culturally specific positions in international and cross-cultural frameworks. Given the historical background of the Middle East, there is a need to understand multiple factors such as class, nation, racism, sexism, colonialism and imperialism that influence Arab women’s struggles for liberation. Arab women’s struggles cannot be defined and situated in a context that removes the diversity of their historical experiences, location, religion and cultural factors. I would like to examine how Arab women are marginalized within the sphere of Western feminism(s) because they have been portrayed as passive victims instead of active participants seeking mobility and changes in their society. In dismantling the binary construct of East/West, liberated/oppressed, colonizers/colonized and progressive/backwards in global feminist discourses, there is an urgent need for a cross-cultural dialogue between Western and Arab feminisms in order to create space that allows differences to be recognized and examined, and crafting a meeting point for women to relate across their differences. For Western feminists trying to make sense of Middle Eastern issues and Arab women’s struggles, solidarity will remain elusive unless they recognize that women’s experiences and struggles cannot be separated from race, class, nation, colonization and imperialism.
Violation of Women’s Rights in Places of Detention
Authors: Assistance of Prisoners Human Rights Center for the
Published: March 2020

This report presents a general picture of the conditions of women in prisons in Egypt, using the Kanater Women’s Prison, the main women’s prison in the country, as a case study. The report sheds light on the status of women prisoners in Egyptian legislation, and reviews the rights to which they are entitled, especially pregnant women or mothers of young children. The aim of this report is to urge for the implementation of the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners in Egyptian prisons. Moreover, it demands that the gap between the national Egyptian laws on prisons and the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners be filled, and that these Rules be integrated into domestic law. It also calls for the implementation of modern penal policies and the rejection of the idea that prisons are places for punishment.
La Prisonniere
Authors: Maalouf Lynn
Published: March 2020

By Malika Oufkir and Michele Fitousi
Recent Publications/Call for papers/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Call for papers: The Encyclopedia of Women in Islamic Cultures, the first of its kind, will be published by Brill (Leiden) in 2003, as a 2,000,000 word, three-volume set.
Fay Afaf Kanafani Recounts
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

On April 30, 2001 Fay Afaf Kanafani, UN Prize winner of Computer Generated Graphic Art - Year 2001 and recipient of the International Woman of the Year2001, gave a lecture at the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World
The Marriage Mystery: Exploring Late Marriage in MENA
Authors: Omar Manal
Published: March 2020

Recent trends in developing countries reveal that women are marrying at a later age. A 1996 study of  early marriage in developing countries revealed that the Middle East and North Africa region had the greatest decline in the proportion married before age 20, with some countries experiencing as dramatic as a 35 to 41% declines. This article will show how the changing economic structure is impacting the dynamics of the marriage social contract in the Middle East. The basis of this work is to entice further research into exploring marriage as an important variable beyond fertility levels. In order to impact reform or policy on the demographic trend towards an increasing single, female population, perceptions and the roles of women other than mother and wife need to be examined. In addition, policy makers need to develop safety nets for women who are currently marginalized in the labor markets,. and are often seen as dependents on either fathers or husbands.
Matrimonial Alliances Among the Maronites
Authors: Tohme-Tabet Annie
Published: March 2020

In the prevailing social, economic, political and religious conditions prior to the First World War, the choice of spouses among the Maronite community in Mount Lebanon was strictly a family matter. As such, it occurred within a vast network comprising the cousins on the father's side as a first choice, but also cousins on the mother's side and members of the village's families or of neighboring villages - the network was thus both socially and geograph ically limited. The configuration of these socially and geographically- confined groups reveals that endogamy was certainly a priority, but that exogamy was not excluded; indeed, the preferential choices of parallel cousins on the father 's side' as spouses that characterize Arab societies in general does form an archetype but without confining it to the family realm exclusively. Although great importance was given to the offspring or lineage and to the social class of the marriageable individuals, this did not exclude the consideration of other lineages' "belongings, knowledge and power".
Women's Organizations in Egypt: Emerging Women's Movements or Social Clubs?
Authors: Al-Ali Nadje S.
Published: March 2020

A close look at the content and context of women's organizations in contemporary Egypt sheds light on the ambiguities and contradictions existent in contemporary Egypt. On the one hand, women's organizations began to flourish since the 1985 UN women's conference in Nairobi, and particularly during the preparations for the International Conference on Population and Development (lCPD) held in Cairo in 1994. During this time there was increasing pressure on the Egyptian government by international organizations and western governments to adhere to UN conventions concerning women's rights. At the same time, a huge number of international donor organizations, NGOs and government bodies provided funds and resources for specific projects and campaigns related to women's issues. However, the increased confrontation with Islamists has pressured the Mubarak regime to legislate and implement more conservative laws and policies towards women and to diminish its support for women's political representation. It is no surprise then that women's organizations have been caught in the midst of contradictory state policies towards women and towards Egypt's growing NGO sector.
Women and Men in Lebanon: A Statistical Portrait
Authors: Khudr Adele
Published: March 2020

Women and Men in Lebanon: A Statistical Portrait
On Violations: The Arab Women's Case
Authors: Aghacy Samira
Published: March 2020

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 18, 1979. Although eleven Arab countries have ratified the Convention,they have also expressed reservations pertaining to women's rights in the family. This hesitation or unwillingness to adopt the convention wholeheartedly is attributed to the incompatibility of these articles with the Islamic sharia and their non-conformity with national laws and legislation.
Crimes of Honor
Authors: Husseini Rana
Published: March 2020

AMMAN - Amneh begged her brother: "Take good care of my mother", before he shot her to death in an Amman suburb for getting pregnant out of wedlock. But Amneh's mother supports her 19-year-old son's crime, saying "my daughter made a mistake and should bear the consequences." "I am calm about her death, but I am worried about my son and the kind of punishment he might get, but they tell me that he will get a reduced sentence and will be released soon," she says.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

"I think the very restrictions which were put on woman which made her emphasize the personal world caused something very good to be born. Whereas men dealt interms of nations, in terms of statistics, abstract ideology, woman, because her world was restricted to the personal, was more human. Now that she is beginning to step beyond her confines, hope she can bring to the world the sense of the personal value of human beings, some empathy and some sympathy." (Anais Nin, A Woman Speaks)
Regional Conference Gender and Communication Policy
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

A five day regional conference on "Gender and Communication Policy" in the Middle East and North Africa was jointly organized in Beirut
Portrayal of Women
Authors: Dabbous-Sensenig Dima
Published: March 2020

Generally, women are portrayed in the media as being submissive, passive, dependent, inferior, and subservient to men. Cross-cultural research, moreover, has found great similarities in these portrayals between western industrialized countries,eastern communist (or ex-communist) countries, and southern developing countries: women are overall underrepresented in the media, in production as well as in content.
Report: Film Festivals
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

Report: Film Festivals
IWSA W Celebrates its 25th Anniversary
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Empowerement of Arab Women was the title of the two day conference organized by the Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World at the Lebanese American University on December 3 and 4,1998.
Psycho-social, Health,and Economic Aspects of an Elderly Armenian Population in Lebanon
Authors: Boulghourjian Choghik Melkon
Published: March 2020

To study how older people are treated within a society and how the elderly attest with the unavoidable problems of aging, particularly those involving health and income is of immense importance today. Health problems include normal losses inhearing, eyesight, and memory, and the increased likelihood of chronic diseases. Economic problems include loss of employment and therefore significant decreases in income and reliance on pensions, and social security. Social problems include greater difficulty to maintain social relationships because of health limitations, death of family members and friends, loss of work mates and lack of transportation.
Khadija Herez: Resistance Activist
Authors: Herez Khadija
Published: March 2020

Born in 1942, in Majdel Silm [South Lebanon]; currently living in Beirut's southern suburbs; recorded in her home. Language: colloquial/educated Arabic.
Hiba Kawas: Musician
Authors: Kawas Iba
Published: March 2020

Born in 1972, in Saida; currently living in Beit Miri; recorded in her home. Language: colloquial/educated Arabic
Vasso Salam: Architect, Foreign Wife
Authors: Salam Vasso
Published: March 2020

Born in 1948, in Ethiopia; of Greek origin; currently living in Beirut; recorded in her home. Language: English
Recent Publications/Call for papers/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Call for papers: An international conference dedicated to Simone de Beauvoir entitled "50th Anniversary of the Second Sex" will be held in Paris on January 21, 22 and 23, 1999.
Women And Disability
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The Lebanese American University, Byblos campus in collaboration with the Institute for Women's Studi es in the Arab World (IWSAW) held a panel discussion dealing with women and di sability.
Not Just a Commercial Bookstore
Authors: Lrshaid Ghiya
Published: March 2020

Unlike most other bookstores and libraries, L' Arche de Noe is not just a commercial shop. It's a small place with a big message.
Recent Publications/Conferences/Films
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Conferences:  A conference entitled "Out of the Margin 2" will take place in Amsterdam, the Netherlands from 2-5 June, 1998.
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Why do men avoid taking responsibility for patriarchy? In the simplest sense, most men don't realize that patriarchy exists and therefore don't know there's any responsibility for them to take in the first place.
Basic Living Skills Program Training
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Funded by UNIFEM, the Institute for Women Studies in the Arab World - Lebanese American University - held two training sessions on 15-16 and 29-30 December 1997, introducing an educational action program, The Basic Living Skills Program, a program designed by the Institute to counteract social illiteracy among women.
Salwa Nassar as I knew her
Authors: Yared Nazik Saba
Published: March 2020

Salwa Nassar as I knew herInstitute for Women Studies in the Arab World, Beirut, 1997By Najla Aqrawi
Women in Agricultural Development: A Force for Change
Authors: Dikah Wafa
Published: March 2020

Over the past decade, there has been an increasing tendency to examine the role of women in rural development, to understand their particular contribution , and to implement programs and projects to improve the quality of their lives. Studies confirm that women produce between 60 to 80 percent of the food in most developing countries and are responsible for half of the world's food production, yet their key role as food producers and providers and their critical contribution to household food security is only recently being recognized.' Until the last 20 years, rural women have been neglected both in terms of understanding their exact position as a human resource in rural areas, and identifying the particular constraints they face .
Meeting Sitt Anissa Rawdah Najjar
Authors: Sfeir Myriam
Published: March 2020

You have pioneered in a most fundamental movement, persevered in nourishing its growth with dedicated purpose and sacrifice, inspite of many difficulties, and you have triumphed. You deserve the best reward Lebanon can offer - the recognition that you have made a major contribution to the revival of its village culture, without which there will be no Lebanon." (Afif Tannous)
Motherhood: The Double Taboo
Authors: Al-Jawhari Aida
Published: March 2020

Like absolute truth, motherhood is a mode of behaviour that encompasses positive sentiments: love, affection, tenderness, sacrifice, self denial, happiness, and altruism. Most texts glorify this feeling and overlook the more practicaloccupational role. Motherhood is an abstraction, an exalted act of giving, where the actual reality of the giver is neglected, and her desires, pleasures, and energies, are overlooked and ignored. Social practices, customs, and traditions do   not tolerate women whose maternal role fails to conform to the norm, and such mothers are viewed as wicked and selfish.
The Memory of the Body
Authors: Ibrahim Saleh
Published: March 2020

The Memory of the Body Ahlam MustaghanmiBeirut: Dar AI-Adiib, 1993
Arab Women and Poverty
Authors: Ahmad Zena Ali
Published: March 2020

By the end of 1994, more than 18 percent of the world's people were living in absolute poverty, more than 27 percent lacked access to clean water and sanitation, and about one out of five adults was functionally illiterate.
A Child Dying
Authors: Tadros Marlyn
Published: March 2020

Silver bracelet, silver ring,Adorned my arm and finger.Pretty clothes and everything,For which I long and linger.The sun shone bright. Pretty day.The sky was clear and blue.The air was warm, the breeze gave way,But nowhere flowers grew.
Conference Report: Gender & Women's Citizenship
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Women participate so much in the labor force, yet are not visible in political life, why is this so? Which factors have led to the political marginalization of women? Why are Lebanese women not full citizens? What is the difference between the citizenship of a woman and that of a man? Do women bear any responsibility for this difference? Have they surrendered their responsibilities to their husbandsand sons?
The Lost Speech: Towards a Non-Sexist Language
Authors: Ibrahim Saleh
Published: March 2020

The Lost Speech: Towards a Non-Sexist Language by Zuleikha Abu Risha - The Women's Studies Center, A11Jman, 1996
Quote/Unquote
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

"...families are undergoing constant change, due to numerous factors , including the quest for equality between men and women and widening opportunities for women as well as shifts in values, particularly those supporting individualism ..."
The Jordanian Woman's Struggle; the Perspective of Human Rights Lawyer Asma Khodr
Authors: Ismail Ghena
Published: March 2020

Asma Khodr is a lawyer and the President of the Jordanian Woman's Union and a Member in the International Human Right, Committee. She had the honor of presiding over the Arab Women's Tribunal which was held in Beirut in June 1995.
Helen Khal: Artist
Authors: Awar Nada
Published: March 2020

From the large terrace at one end of Helen Khal's eighth-floor apartment is a view of the flat, blue lines of the Mediterranean, her muse.
By Young Lebanese Poets
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Poetry, more so than painting, theater, music or dance, is the premier art form in the Arab world, where facility with language has always been highly regarded.
Women and Writing
Authors: Tarnowski Wafa Stephan
Published: March 2020

Women and writing was the focus of the 1995-96 yearly publication of the Lebanese Association of Women researchers, known as "A l-Bahithat. " Reading this publication is a requirement for anyone interested in Arab women writers in particular or the subject of women 's writing in general. Why do women write? How do women write? Is there a typically "feminine writing" as opposed to a "masculine" one? These are a few of the questions raised by the contributors. More general questions are also considered: What do women write about? Who are the women writing in Lebanon today?
"In War, I Discovered the Resilience of People" - An Interview with Dr. May Majdalani
Authors: Osseiran Hania
Published: March 2020

"In War, I Discovered the Resilience of People" - An Interview with Dr. May Majdalani
Excerpts from the Poetry and Prose of Lebanese Women
Authors: Amyuni Mona Takkiedine
Published: March 2020

Andree Chedid has been widely recognized as one of the best francophone writers of Lebanese origin in the world.
Has Gender Anything To Do With Management Style?
Authors: Mourabet Zouhra
Published: March 2020

Statistics about the labor force in the Arab World show a near absence of womenat managerial levels in both the public and private sectors. What are some of the gender issues that may have contributed to this situation, despite the unquestionable improvement of Arab women's educational level and their increasing participation in the labor force during the past two decades?
Balancing Women's Roles at Work and at Home
Authors: Nuwais Abla
Published: March 2020

Without doubt, one of the greatest problems professional women face in most countries, the United Arab Emirates included, is that of achieving a balance between their work on one hand and the demands and requirements of their homes and their families on the other. My research and survey of others' research (1) on this problem in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) reveals that such a balance is not impossible to achieve and that, rather than taxing the energies and abilities of women, maintaining active roles within and outside of the home actually enables women to lead richer, fuller and more effective lives as professionals, wives and mothers.
Pay Equity in Jordan
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In line with its mission to enhance networking and communication by extending ties with international organizations working on gender issues, Al-Raida will be reprinting policy and issue briefs prepared by the International Labour Organization in its upcoming issues. The purpose of this joint venture is to promote research on the condition of women in the Arab world, especially with respect to social change and development, and to reach out to women and empower them through consciousness-raising. This brief below is reprinted with permission from the International Labour Organization Regional Office for Arab States published by ILO, 2010.
Reactions To The UN Conference On Population And Development
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Many, undoubtedly, continue to question why specific reference should be made to women, where problems of the environment and health are concerned, when the whole of humanity is in the same boat. Could it be because women's involvement in the policy-making process is weak. Or maybe because breast cancer is increasing at geometric rates all over the world and because cancer survivors, environmentalists, and a handful of researchers are pointing to environmental contaminants as the epidemic's central culprit!