bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal location and sizing of DG and D-STATCOM in distribution networks
Authors: Reddy Salkuti Surender
Published: March 2020

The main aim of this paper is to determine optimal locations and sizing of Distributed Generations (DGs) and Distribution STATic COMpensator (D-STATCOM) in the distribution network for reducing the system losses and to improve the voltage profile. In this paper, the loss sensitivity factor approach is used to determine optimal location for DG and voltage stability index is used to determine optimal location for D-STATCOM. The objective of proposed optimization problem is to minimize the total real power losses in the system while satisfying several equality and inequality constraints. Artificial fish swarm optimization algorithm (AFSOA) is used to determine the optimal size of DG and D-STATCOM. The simulations are performed on standard 33 bus and 69 bus radial distribution systems and the obtained  results show the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed approach.
Enhancing active radial distribution networks by optimal sizing and placement of DGs using modified crow search algorithm
Authors: Abdelbadea Mohamed , A. Boghdady Tarek , Khalil Ibrahim Doaa
Published: March 2020

Incorporating many Distributed Generators (DGs) technologies in power system networks has grown rapidly in recent years. Distributed generation (DG) plays a key role in reducing power loss and enhancing the voltage profile in radial distribution networks. However, inappropriate DGs site or size may cut network efficiency; moreover, injecting harmonics is one of the integration concerns of inverter-based DGs. Two-procedure based approach is introduced in this paper. The first procedure solves the DGs siting and sizing problem, as a multi-objective one by improving the voltage profile of the whole distribution network and also reducing its power loss. A weighted sum method is presented to create the Pareto optimal front in this procedure and get the compromised solution by applying a novel metaheuristic optimizer, named Crow Search Algorithm (CSA). A modification on CSA is also proposed and applied to improve its performance. The achieved solution for inverter-based DGs placement and size is checked in the second procedure to make sure the accepted voltage THD at all buses by implementing detailed simulation for the tested system using Matlab/Simulink. The proposed approach has been tested on IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system with photovoltaic DGs. To confirm the superiority of the modified CSA algorithm in terms of quality of solution, its achieved results are compared with the results offered by the original CSA algorithm and published results of some other nature-inspired algorithms.
Investigation into the microwave power absorption in tissues
Authors: Thaher Raad Hamdan , Ali Heba Hadi , Hameed Isam Salah
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the behavior of different tissues to microwave signal is presented. Beef, lamp, and fat were taken as tissue samples. The three types of tissues were taken in three different cases as soaked, normal, and dried. Moreover, each individual sample was prepared in five thickness as 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm and 5mm in the x-band frequency. The objectives of this paper were discussed to determine the power absorption when each sample is tested. The experimental results showed the soaked meat as the most power absorbing state when compared to the other cases of the normal and dried samples for the same thickness value.  It has been found that the microwave power absorption is directly proportional to the thickness. Besides, the relationship between the microwave power absorption and the distance between transmitting and receiving antenna was also taken in consideration. It was found that as long as the tested sample is far away from the transmitter, the attenuation of the transmitted energy increases. With the aid of two techniques represented by an insertion transmission method and free-space transmission method, this paper presented an insight about the relation between the (moisture, distance, and thickness) and the microwave power absorption.
Developed artificial neural network based human face recognition
Authors: Hussein Maryam Mahmood , Mutlag Ammar Hussein , Shareef Hussain
Published: March 2020

Face recognition has become one of the most important challenging problems in personal computer-human interaction, video observation, and biometric. Many algorithms have been developed in the recent years. Theses algorithms are not sufficiently robust to address the complex images. Therefore, this paper proposes soft computing algorithm based face recognition. One of the most promising soft computing algorithms which is back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) has been proposed. The proposed BP-ANN has been developed to improve the performance of the face recognition. The implementation of the developed BP-ANN has been achieved using MATLAB environment. The developed BP-ANN requires supervised training to learn how to anticipate results from the desired data. The BP-ANN has been developed to recognition 10 persons. Ten images have been used for each person. Therefore, 100 images have been utilized to train the developed BP-ANN. In this research 50 images have been used for testing purpose. The results show that the developed BP-ANN has produced a success ratio of 82%.
Wayfinding learning techniques and its challenges: a case study at malaysian association for the blind (MAB)
Authors: Hamid Nazatul Naquiah Abd , Adnan Wan Adilah Wan , Razak Fariza Hanis Abdul
Published: March 2020

Navigating safely in the real environment especially in the outdoor setting requires a blind person to be equipped with the spatial knowledge and possess the skills in mobility and orientation. The aims of this study are to investigate the existing wayfinding learning techniques taught to blind people and to identify the challenges during the teaching and learning processes. A two days of observation during a mobility practical session was conducted at Malaysian Association for the Blind (MAB). The first objective was to explore the current techniques used by mobility instructor to teach visually impaired students for a wayfinding and second, to identify the challenges faced by the mobility instructor and the visually impaired students in the teaching and learning processes of wayfinding. The study discovered that the major problem faced by the mobility instructor was with the lack of teaching aids to describe a new environment to visually impaired students. This leads to the lack of time that caused the visually impaired students perceived insufficient information which was hard for them to construct the intended cognitive maps. From the findings, this paper concludes by discussing the recommendations primarily on the use of technology in addressing the problems identified in this study.
Supervised data mining approach for predicting student performance
Authors: Yaacob Wan Fairos Wan , Nasir Syerina Azlin Md , Yaacob Wan Faizah Wan , Sobri Norafefah Mohd
Published: March 2020

Data mining approach has been successfully implemented in higher education and emerge as an interesting area in educational data mining research. The approach is intended for identification and extraction of new and potentially valuable knowledge from the data. Predictive model developed using supervised data mining approach can derive conclusion on students' academic success. The ability to predict student’s performance can be beneficial for innovation in modern educational systems. The main objective of this paper is to develop predictive models using classification algorithm to predict student’s performance at selected university in Malaysia. The prediction model developed can be used to identify the most important attributes in the data. Several predictive modelling techniques of K-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree and Logistic Regression Model models were used to predict student’s performance whether excellent or non-excellent.  Based on accuracy measure, precision, recall and ROC curve, results show that the Naïve Bayes outperform other classification algorithm.  The Naïve Bayes reveals that the most significant factors contributing to prediction of excellent students is when the student scores A+ and A in Multivariate Analysis; A+, A and A- in SAS Programming and A, A- and B+ in ITS 472.
Overlapping issues and solutions in data visualization techniques
Authors: Husin Nur Diana Izzati , Abdullah Nur Atiqah Sia
Published: March 2020

The tremendous growth of big data has caused the data visualization process becomes more complex and challenging, and yet, data is expected to be increased from time to time. With these massive and complex data, it is getting harder for the data analyst to interpret or read the data in order to gain new knowledge or information. Therefore, it is important to visualize these data using different techniques. However, there are many remaining issues in data visualization techniques. These issues make the data visualization a big challenge to the data analyst. The most common issue in data visualization techniques is the overlapping issue. This paper reviews the overlapping issues in multidimensional and network data visualization techniques. The existing solutions are also reviewed and discussed in term of advantages and disadvantages. This paper concludes the advantages of the overlapping issues and solutions, before discussing their drawbacks. This paper suggests the color-based approach, relocation, and reduction of data sets to solve the overlapping issues.
Implementing bezier surface interpolation and N.N in shape reconstruction and depth estimation of a 2D image.
Authors: Ibrahim Shujaa Mohamed , Alauldeen Abdulmajeed Ammar
Published: March 2020

This paper considers a 2D image depth estimation of an object and reconstructed it into a 3D object image. The 2D image is defined by slices contains asset of points that are located along the object contours and within the object body. The depth of these slices are estimated using the neural network technique (N.N), where five factors (slice length, angle of incident light and illumination of some of point that located along the 2D object, namely control points)are used as inputs to the network the estimated depth of the slice are mapped into a 3D surface using the interpolation technique of the Bezier spleen surface. The experimental results showed an effective performance of the proposed approach.
Integrated hybrid optical networking for 5G access networks
Authors: Hailu Dawit Hadush , Lema Gebrehiwet Gebrekrstos , Tesfamariam Gebremichael T. , Sutikno Tole
Published: March 2020

Today, deployment of optical fiber has offered large transmission capacity which cannot be efficiently utilized by the electronic switches. Rather, Integrated Hybrid Optical Network (IHON) is a promising approach which combines both packet and circuit switching techniques. As a result, it achieves efficient utilization of the bulk capacity and guarantees absolute Quality of Service (QoS) by optimizing the advantages of the two switching schemes while diminishing their disadvantages. Transpacket has developed a Fusion node implementing IHON principles in Ethernet for the data plane. Hence, this paper investigates and evaluates IHON network for 5G access networks. The simulated results and numerical analysis confirm that the Packet Delay Variation (PDV), Delay and Packet Loss Ratio (PLR) of Guaranteed Service Transport. (GST) traffic in IHON network met the requirements of 5G mobile fronthaul using CPRI. The number of nodes in the network limits the maximum separation distance between Base Band Unit. (BBU) and Remote Radio Head (RRH), link length; for increasing the number of nodes, the link length decreases. In addition to this, we verified how the leftover capacity of fusion node can be used to carry the low priority packets and how the GST traffic can have deterministic characteristics on a single wavelength by delaying it with Fixed Delay Line (FDL). For example, for LSM1GE=0.3 the added Statistical Multiplexing (SM) traffic increases the 10GE wavelength utilization up to 89% without any losses and with SM PLR=1E−03 up to 92% utilization.
Prognostic Implication of First‐Degree Atrioventricular Block in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Higuchi Satoshi , Minami Yuichiro , Shoda Morio , Shirotani Shota , Saito Chihiro , Haruki Shintaro , Gotou Masayuki , Yagishita Daigo , Ejima Koichiro , Hagiwara Nobuhisa
Published: March 2020

Background

The association between first‐degree atrioventricular block (
AVB
) and life‐threatening cardiac events in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (
HCM
) remains unclear. This study sought to investigate whether presence of first‐degree
AVB
was associated with
HCM
‐related death in patients with
HCM
.

Methods and Results

We included 414 patients with
HCM
(mean age, 51±16 years; 64.5% men). The P‐R interval was measured at the time of the initial evaluation and patients were classified into those with and without first‐degree
AVB
, which was defined as a P‐R interval ≥200 ms.
HCM
‐related death was defined as a combined end point of sudden death or potentially lethal arrhythmic events, heart failure–related death, and stroke‐related death. First‐degree
AVB
was noted in 96 patients (23.2%) at time of enrollment. Over a median (interquartile range) follow‐up period of 8.8 (4.9–12.9) years, a total of 56 patients (13.5%) experienced
HCM
‐related deaths, including 47 (11.4%) with a combined end point of sudden death or potentially lethal arrhythmic events. In a multivariable analysis that included first‐degree
AVB
and risk factors for life‐threatening events, first‐degree
AVB
was independently associated with an
HCM
‐related death (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.41; 95%
CI
, 1.27–4.58;
P
=0.007), and this trend also persisted for the combined end point of sudden death or potentially lethal arrhythmic events (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.60; 95%
CI
, 1.28–5.27;
P
=0.008).

Conclusions

In this cohort of patients with
HCM
, first‐degree
AVB
may be associated with
HCM
‐related death, including the combined end point of sudden death or potentially lethal arrhythmic events.
Typification of the name Kalanchoe scapigera (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae)

Authors: SMITH GIDEON F. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: March 2020

Britten (1871: 391–398), when treating the genus Kalanchoe Adanson (1763: 248) (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) for the Flora of Tropical Africa (FTA) project, recognised 18 species as indigenous to that part of Africa (see Oliver 1868 for the geographical coverage of the project). Six of these, 30% of the FTA kalanchoes, were based on material that Dr Friedrich [Martin Joseph] Welwitsch (5 February 1806, Maria Saal, Austria–20 October 1872, London, United Kingdom) collected while he was based in Angola (see also Figueiredo et al. 2018). In the case of four of the species, Britten (1871) explicitly linked them to Welwitsch’s manuscript names by stating “Welw. mss.” after the species names. The four species are (here and further on including the species numbers used by Britten): [#5.] K. brachyloba Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 392); [#7.] K. platysepala Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 393); [#13.] K. coccinea Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 395); and [#17.] K. scapigera Welwitsch ex Britten (1871: 397). One other species, [#15.] K. velutina Welwitsch (1871: 396), was described by Welwitsch and a further species, [#10.] K. welwitschii Britten (1871: 394), was named in honour of Welwitsch by Britten, based on material collected by Welwitsch. Welwitsch also provided voucher material for the occurrence of the widespread [#4.] K. laciniata (Linnaeus 1753: 430) De Candolle (1802: tab. 100), [#11.] K. crenata (Andrews 1797: tab. 21) Haworth (1812: 109), and [#16.] K. glandulosa Hochstetter ex Richard (1847: 312) in Angola (Britten 1871).
Two new genera of epigean harvestmen (Opiliones, Stygnopsidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with an identification key for the stygnopsine genera
Authors: CRUZ-LÓPEZ JESÚS A. , FRANCKE OSCAR F.
Published: March 2020

Two new genera, Ampliphallus gen. nov. and Guelaguetzia gen. nov., are described from material collected in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The genus Ampliphallus gen. nov. is monotypic and contains the species A. chimalapaensis sp. nov., from the tropical rain forest of Santa María Chimalapa, Oaxaca. The genus Guelaguetzia gen. nov. is composed of two species: G. cuicateca sp. nov. (type species) and G. serrana sp. nov., from pine forests in northern Oaxaca. These genera can be recognized from each other mainly by the armature of leg IV and by the male genitalia; both are also compared with the remaining members of the Stygnopsinae. An identification key for all genera of the subfamily is provided.
New records of leaf-mining Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) in North America, with the description of a new species of Grapholita
Authors: EISEMAN CHARLES S. , AUSTIN KYHL A. , BLYTH JULIA A. , FELDMAN TRACY S.
Published: March 2020

We discuss seven species of tortricid moths that are leafminers at least in early instars. These include Grapholita thermopsidis Eiseman & Austin, new species, which feeds on Thermopsis rhombifolia (Pursh) Richardson (Fabaceae), along with two others for which larval hosts were previously unknown: Catastega triangulana Brown (Ericaceae: Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth) and Sparganothis xanthoides (Walker) (Polemoniaceae: Phlox divaricata L.). Parasitoids of G. thermopsidis include Dolichogenidea sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Zagrammosoma mirum Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The female genitalia of Epinotia nigralbana (Walsingham), a species that mines leaves of Arctostaphylos throughout larval development, are illustrated for the first time. Rhopobota finitimana (Heinrich), which feeds on Ilex spp. (Aquifoliaceae), is confirmed to mine leaves as has been documented previously in R. dietziana (Kearfott). Talponia plummeriana (Busck), which is known to feed in the developing ovaries of pawpaw (Annonaceae: Asimina spp.), also feeds in leaves before boring in the twigs and stems. Cenopis lamberti (Franclemont), previously reported from Persea sp. (Lauraceae), was reared from Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L’Hér. (Symplocaceae). Apart from the two exceptions noted above, all of these species exit their mines in later instars to feed in leaf shelters.
The genus Stactobiella Martynov (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae) in Japan
Authors: ITO TOMIKO
Published: March 2020

The caddisfly genus Stactobiella Martynov (Hydroptilidae) is revised for Japan, with revisions of two Far East Asian species, one newly recorded for Japan, and the description of three new species. Both S. tshistjakovi (Arefina & Morse, in Arefina et al. 2002) and S. biramosa Martynov 1929 are redescribed, based on male and female specimens. The three new Japanese species are S. aichi sp. nov., S. amami sp. nov., and S. kumejima sp. nov., bringing to five the number of species of Stactobiella known for Japan.
What Are the Favorable Large-Scale Environments for the Highest-Flash-Rate Thunderstorms on Earth?
Authors: Liu Nana , Liu Chuntao , Chen Baohua , Zipser Edward
Published: March 2020

A 16-yr Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) convective feature (CF) dataset and ERA-Interim data are used to understand the favorable thermodynamic and kinematic environments for high-flash-rate thunderstorms globally as well as regionally. We find that intense thunderstorms, defined as having more than 50 lightning flashes within a CF during the ~90-s TRMM overpassing time share a few common thermodynamic features over various regions. These include large convective available potential energy (>1000 J kg−1), small to moderate convection inhibition (CIN), and abundant moisture convergence associated with low-level warm advection. However, each region has its own specific features. Generally, thunderstorms with high lightning flash rates have greater CAPE and wind shear than those with low flash rates, but the differences are much smaller in tropical regions than in subtropical regions. The magnitude of the low- to midtropospheric wind shear is greater over the subtropical regions, including the south-central United States, Argentina, and southwest of the Himalayas, than tropical regions, including central Africa, Colombia, and northwest Mexico, with the exception of Sahel region. Relatively, favorable environments of high-flash-rate thunderstorms in the tropical regions are characterized by higher CAPE, lower CIN, and weaker wind shear compared to the high-flash-rate thunderstorms in the subtropical regions, which have a moderate CAPE and CIN, and stronger low to midtropospheric wind shear.
The Effect of Spatiotemporal Resolution Degradation on the Accuracy of IMERG Products over the Huai River Basin
Authors: Su Jianbin , Lü Haishen , Crow Wade T. , Zhu Yonghua , Cui Yifan
Published: March 2020

The rapid development of the Integrated Multisatellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) precipitation product provides new opportunities for a wide range of Earth system and natural hazard applications. Spatiotemporal averaging is a common method for IMERG users to acquire suitable resolutions specific to their research or application purpose and has a direct impact on the overall quality of IMERG precipitation estimates. Here, three different IMERG, version 06 (V06), latency run products (i.e., early, late, and final) are assessed against a ground-based benchmark along a continuous series of spatiotemporal resolutions over the Huai River basin (HuaiRB) between June 2014 and May 2017. In general, IMERG products better capture the spatial pattern of precipitation, and demonstrate better reliability, in the southern portion of the HuaiRB relative to its northern region. Furthermore, the degradation of spatiotemporal resolution is associated with better rain/no-rain determination and the consistent improvement of rainfall product performance metrics. This improvement is more pronounced for IMERG products at fine spatiotemporal resolution. However, due to the presence of autocorrelated errors, the performance improvement associated with the degradation of spatiotemporal resolution is less than theoretical expectations assuming purely uncorrelated errors. Component analysis indicates that while both temporal and spatial aggregation do not mitigate temporally autocorrelated errors, temporal averaging can remove spatially autocorrelated error. Hence, temporal averaging is found to be more effective than spatial averaging for improving the quality of IMERG products. These results will inform users of the reliability of IMERG products at different spatiotemporal scales and assist in unifying former disparate validation assessments applied at different scales within the literature.
A Calibrated Combination of Probabilistic Precipitation Forecasts to Achieve a Seamless Transition from Nowcasting to Very Short-Range Forecasting
Authors: Schaumann Peter , de Langlard Mathieu , Hess Reinhold , James Paul , Schmidt Volker
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a new model for the combination of two or more probabilistic forecasts is presented. The proposed combination model is based on a logit transformation of the underlying initial forecasts involving interaction terms. The combination aims at approximating the ideal calibration of the forecasts, which is shown to be calibrated, and to maximize the sharpness. The proposed combination model is applied to two precipitation forecasts, Ensemble-MOS and RadVOR, which were developed by Deutscher Wetterdienst. The proposed combination model shows significant improvements in various forecast scores for all considered lead times compared to both initial forecasts. In particular, the proposed combination model is calibrated, even if both initial forecasts are not calibrated. It is demonstrated that the method enables a seamless transition between both initial forecasts across several lead times to be created. Moreover, the method has been designed in such a way that it allows for fast updates in nearly real time.
The Lambeth Conferences on contraception, 1908–68
Authors: Sedgwick Peter
Published: March 2020

This article offers an analysis of changing ethical and theological approaches to contraception in successive Lambeth Conferences of Anglican bishops. It also compares these changes with gradual changes of approach within the Roman Catholic Church.
Mobilizing mini-publics: The causal impact of deliberation on civic engagement using panel data
Authors: Boulianne Shelley , Chen Kaiping , Kahane David
Published: March 2020

Deliberative exercises may reinvigorate civic life by building citizens’ capacity to engage in other types of civic activities. This study examines members of a citizens’ panel ( n = 56) who participated in a 6-day deliberative event on climate change and energy transition in Edmonton, Alberta (Canada), in 2012. We compared panellists’ civic engagement, political interest, and political knowledge with those of the general population using a concurrent random digit dialling survey conducted 2.5 years after the event ( n = 405). Panellists are more likely to talk about politics, and volunteer in the community compared to their counterparts in the larger population. Examining three points in time, we reveal a trajectory of increasing political knowledge and civic engagement. Finally, we examine the mechanisms that mobilize panellists into greater civic engagement. This study illustrates how deliberative events could strengthen engagement in civic and political life, depending on the degree to which deliberation was perceived to have occurred.
Contemporary Australian priming constituents for adult perfusion centres: a survey
Authors: Steel Rona , Bui Tri
Published: March 2020

Aim:

Evidence for the ideal/best practice priming solution remains meagre and largely historical. The aim of this survey was to determine the constituents of contemporary priming solutions in adult open-heart centres across Australia. This would provide insight on the level of variation within current Australian priming practices and inform perfusionists of how their current priming methods compare to the spectrum of Australian practice.

Method:

A total of 15 survey questions covering various aspects of priming constituents were sent via email to perfusionists in all 63 adult open-heart centres across Australia.

Results:

This prime survey received a 100% response rate across Australia. All units prime with a balanced physiological solution, 73% of units prime with Plasma-Lyte 148 and 19% with Hartmann’s solution. No synthetic colloids are used for priming in Australia. Up to 6,520 (30%) cases per annum receive heparin as the only additive to their prime base solution. All other cases had various combinations of sodium bicarbonate, mannitol and albumin added for a variety of recorded reasons.

Conclusion:

Contemporary Australian priming practices show a marked level of conformity between units. Variation exists in the rationale for adding sodium bicarbonate, mannitol and albumin. Further investigations into the clinical effects of these additives are required to determine if the rationale for their addition is historical or judicious in this contemporary era of low prime volumes, physiological base solutions and coated bypass circuits.
An experimental investigation of the fabrication of biodegradable zinc–hydroxyapatite composite material using microwave sintering
Authors: Pathak Dayanidhi Krishana , Pandey Pulak Mohan
Published: March 2020

The present work focuses on the fabrication of zinc–hydroxyapatite biodegradable composite with the use of pressureless microwave sintering for the orthopedic load-bearing application. The samples were prepared using the powder metallurgy process. The powders of both materials were homogeneously mixed in the quantified proportions to form the uniform mixture. For the fabrication of samples, the planning of experiments was done with the central composite design. The effect of process factors such as the weight percentage of hydroxyapatite, compaction pressure, and microwave sintering factors such as sintering temperature, heating rate, and soaking time on the compressive yield strength and sintered density was evaluated. Cylindrical samples were prepared for compression testing. The experimental results exhibited the increase in the compressive yield strength as well as the sintered density with the decrease in the hydroxyapatite percentage and an increase in the compaction pressure. The results also revealed that the compressive yield strength and sintered density were found to be increased as the heating rate and sintering temperature increased. Sample characterization was carried out for phase determination and composition of the elements. The optimum process factors were obtained after the regression analysis, and the results of the optimum process factors were also verified with the confirmation experiments. The in vitro corrosion testing of the sample prepared with optimum factors was also carried out in the simulated body fluid at a temperature of 37 ± 0.5 ℃. The fabricated sample showed a good agreement between the mechanical and degradation properties as required for a human bone.
Discourses about energy transition in Austrian climate and energy model regions: Turning awareness into action
Authors: Komendantova Nadejda , Neumueller Sonata
Published: March 2020

The paper is focused on energy transition and stakeholders’ discourses about it in three Austrian Climate and Energy Model Regions (Baden, Ebreichsdorf, and Freistadt). The theoretical basis of the paper is in the theory of plural rationalities. The data were collected from in-depth qualitative interviews with different stakeholders’ groups in each region, identified through comprehensive stakeholders mapping. The data were analyzed with qualitative data analysis software NVivo to identify elements and narratives of various discourses. The key words and meanings were embedded in the coding of context for different discourses following the content analysis techniques. The results, based on word clouds, identified major elements of hierarchical, egalitarian, or individualistic discourses. Based on identified discourses, energy policy measure can be developed to turn awareness about energy transition into action and to develop compromise solutions, which address narratives of various discourses.
Culturally Responsive Classroom Management in the General Music Class: Building Connections With Families, Part 2
Authors: Robison Tiger
Published: March 2020

Culturally responsive teaching and culturally responsive pedagogy are some of the more heartening trends in music education and the increasingly pluralistic classrooms in which we teach. However, it is easy for some teachers to develop anxiety about making connections with families out of fear of conflict, not getting administrative support, or feelings of inexperience. This column, the sixth in a series about classroom management and the second of several about the particular topic of students’ families, contains several techniques for making meaningful connections with students’ families, especially when those families are from cultures different than one’s own. Specific techniques include conversational formats to foster mutual respect and techniques for confronting one’s own implicit biases.
Operationalize Interest Congruence: A Comparative Examination of Four Approaches
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Huaying
Published: March 2020

Although interest congruence is a cornerstone of career counseling, little is known about the relative importance of different operationalization approaches to interest congruence (i.e., how to calculate interest congruence). Using a sample of U.S. employees ( n = 303), the current study comparatively examined four profile-based conceptual congruence approaches, namely Euclidean distance, angular agreement, profile deviance, and profile correlation, in terms of their predictions for job and life satisfaction, turnover intention, and perceived person–job fit. The results found that profile correlation demonstrated complete dominance (i.e., ubiquitously stronger predictive utility) over the other three congruence indices in predicting all four career outcomes. Therefore, the current study portrays profile correlation as a preferred operationalization approach to interest congruence and offers rich implications for congruence research and practice.
Dynamic stability and bifurcation analysis of sandwich plate with considering FG core and FG-CNTRC face sheets
Authors: Rostami R , Mohammadimehr M
Published: March 2020

In this article, the dynamic stability and bifurcation analysis of sandwich plate made of functionally graded material (FGM) as a core and functionally graded carbon nanotubes-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) as face sheets at top and bottom of the core under lateral stochastic loads are investigated. The classical plate theory is employed as a suitable model in obtaining equilibrium equations using the variational principles. The material properties of each layer are considered as functions of the temperature-dependent environment. By applying the Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation on equilibrium equations of motion, the probability density function is obtained. Drawing probability density function and bifurcation diagrams indicates the influence of the aspect ratio of thickness ( h/hp), temperature changes, various distributions and volume fraction of carbon nanotube and power law index of functionally graded core on stability and bifurcation of sandwich plate. By enhancing volume fraction of carbon nanotube, length of the stable region (one equilibrium point) increases and this method can be employed for improving the stability of sandwich structures. The outcomes of this research could be employed to manufacture many composite structures in aircraft and automobiles.
Simplified identities: Four ‘types’ of gays and lesbians on Chilean telenovelas
Authors: Ramírez Ricardo
Published: March 2020

Telenovelas have been one of the main mechanisms by which Chilean television has made gay and lesbian identities visible. Through an analysis of over 50 gay or lesbian characters that have appeared on this type of programme from 1990 to 2018, it is argued that Chilean telenovelas have privileged representations of non-heterosexuals that do not destabilise the status quo, but contribute to the reproduction of sexist, homophobic and/or classist discourses. This has been done through the utilisation of four ‘types’ of characters: funny locas, serious machos, fighting mothers and clear lesbians/confused lesbians.
The intimacy effect: Girls’ reflections about pornography and ‘actual sex’
Authors: Spišák Sanna
Published: March 2020

Drawing on an online survey that was conducted as part of the media education awareness campaign of a Finnish online youth club, this article explores girls’ conceptions of the difference between pornographic representations and ‘actual sex’. As a result of the analysis, the greatest detachment between these two occurs concerning intimacy. Thus, this article will explore the pervasive influence of the notion of romantic intimacies, which provides the ideal for ‘normal’ relationships, sexual encounters and ‘good sex’ for the girls who participated in the survey through the concept of ‘the intimacy effect’. Like narratives of sexual storytelling in general, the survey dataset helps to trace connections between the personal and the societal. The dataset also draws attention to the ties between social relations and the cultural forms that mediate how these relations are set in motion, and to how certain cultural norms are forcefully influencing girls’ everyday life.
Numerical and experimental investigation on dynamic thermal performance of floor heating system with phase change material for thermal storage
Authors: Zhang Qunli , Yang Zhaosheng , Wang Gang
Published: March 2020

The floor heating system with phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal storage is an effective approach to increase the floor thermal capacity and reduce indoor temperature fluctuation range. A two-dimensional numerical model of the floor heating system combined with PCM was developed to investigate its dynamic thermal performance in winter. To verify the reliability of the model, an experimental room was established in Beijing, China. The experiment results agreed well with the modelling results, which demonstrated that the numerical model was reliable. The effects of the phase change temperature, latent heat and thermal conductivity of PCM on the thermal performance of the floor were numerically investigated. The results showed that the phase change temperature and thermal conductivity of PCM had a significant influence on thermal comfort. At the same time, these two thermal physical parameters also played a critical role in improving the utilization rate of PCM. Conversely, the latent heat, in the range of 100 to 200 kJ/kg, had no obvious influence on the thermal performance of the floor. PCM with phase change temperature of 313 K was recommended, which could increase the average indoor temperature by 2.2 K, increase the thermal energy storage ratio by 12% and reduce indoor temperature fluctuation range by 2.2 K.
Vapor plume and melted zone behavior during dissimilar laser welding of titanium to aluminum alloy
Authors: Raja Kumar M , Jouvard JM , Tomashchuk I , Sallamand P
Published: March 2020

The present study deals with continuous Yb:YAG laser welding of pure titanium to aluminum alloy A5754 performed with different beam offsets to the joint line. Spectroscopic and morphological characterization of vapor plume exiting the keyhole was combined with post-mortem observation and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of the welds. The laser beam centered on the joint line resulted in periodic transversal inclination of a vapor jet on the aluminum side associated with a local increase of melt width and an intense spatter formation. Such behavior can be attributed to the instability of the keyhole wall from the aluminum side. The beam offset on the titanium side led to the stabilization of vapor plume, the attenuation of spattering, and a minimal mixing between the two liquid metals. On the contrary, the beam offset on the aluminum side produced a violent formation of spatters and a highly unstable, diffuse vapor jet. In this case, the liquid metals underwent a violent mixing that was progressively reduced along with the decrease in quantity of melted Ti. The observed spectral regions contained the emission peaks of neutral Ti and Mn. Very few emission lines of Al were observed, because they require higher excitation energies compared to Ti and Mn. Boltzmann linearization using Ti emission peaks allowed the estimation of vapor temperature to be between 5000 and 6000 K, except for the welds with the beam offset on Al.
Split chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells targeting glypican-3 suppress hepatocellular carcinoma growth with reduced cytokine release
Authors: Liu Xuan , Wen Jianyun , Yi Honglei , Hou Xiaorui , Yin Yue , Ye Guofu , Wu Xuedong , Jiang Xiaotao
Published: March 2020

Background:

Human glypican-3 (hGPC3) is a protein highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but limited in normal tissues, making it an ideal target for immunotherapy. The adoptive transfer of hGPC3-specific chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells for HCC treatment has been conducted in clinical trials. Due to the rigid construction, conventional CAR-T cells have some intrinsic limitations, like uncontrollable overactivation and inducing severe cytokine release syndrome.

Methods:

We redesigned the hGPC3-specific CAR by splitting the traditional CAR into two parts. By using coculturing assays and a xenograft mouse model, the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity and cytokine release of the split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells were evaluated against various HCC cell lines and compared with conventional CAR-T cells.

Results:

In vitro data demonstrated that split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells could recognize and lyse hGPC3+ HepG2 and Huh7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Impressively, split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells produced and released a significantly lower amount of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and GM-CSF, than conventional CAR-T cells. When injected into immunodeficient mice inoculated subcutaneously with HepG2 cells, our split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells could suppress HCC tumor growth, but released significantly lower levels of cytokines than conventional CAR-T cells.

Conclusions:

We describe here for the first time the use of split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells to treat HCC; split anti-hGPC3 CAR-T cells could suppress tumor growth and reduce cytokine release, and represent a more versatile and safer alternative to conventional CAR-T cells treatment.
Diclofenac does not reduce the risk of acute pancreatitis in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography
Authors: Koskensalo Vilja , Tenca Andrea , Udd Marianne , Lindström Outi , Rainio Mia , Jokelainen Kalle , Kylänpää Leena , Färkkilä Martti
Published: March 2020

Background

The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommends rectal indomethacin or diclofenac before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to prevent post‐ERCP pancreatitis. However, data on the prophylactic effect in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are lacking.

Methods

This was a retrospective case‐control study. In 2009–2018, a total of 2000 ERCPs were performed in 931 patients with PSC. Case procedures (N  =  1000 after November 2013) were performed after administration of rectal diclofenac. Control procedures (N  =  1000 before November 2013) were performed with the same indication but without diclofenac. Acute post‐ERCP pancreatitis and other ERCP‐related adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.

Results

Post‐ERCP pancreatitis developed in 49 (4.9%) procedures in the diclofenac group and 62 (6.2%) procedures in the control group (p  =  0.241). No difference existed between the groups in terms of the severity of pancreatitis or any other acute AEs. The risk of pancreatitis was elevated in patients with native papilla: 11.4% in the diclofenac group and 8.7% in the control group (p  =  0.294). In adjusted logistic regression, diclofenac did not reduce the risk of pancreatitis (odds ratio (OR) = 1.074, 95% confidence interval 0.708–1.629, p  =  0.737). However, in generalised estimation equations with the advanced model, diclofenac seemed to diminish the risk of pancreatitis (OR = 0.503) but not significantly (p  =  0.110).

Conclusion

In this large patient cohort in a low‐risk unit, diclofenac does not seem to reduce the risk of post‐ERCP pancreatitis in patients with PSC. The trend in the pancreatitis rate after ERCP is decreasing. The evaluation of the benefits of diclofenac among PSC patients warrants a randomised controlled study targeted to high‐risk patients and procedures.
Beyond “I Agree”: Users’ Understanding of Web Site Terms of Service
Authors: Robinson Eric P. , Zhu Yicheng
Published: March 2020

Whether they know it or not, the legal rights and responsibilities of users of websites and services, including social media, are defined and controlled by the terms of service of these online service providers. But despite the importance of these provisions, studies have shown that users rarely review terms of service, or think about their meaning. This study took advantage of a major website’s “simplification” of its terms of service to determine whether the changed language increased users’ understanding of the intended meaning of the terms of service. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model, we evaluate the effectiveness of simplification of terms of service as a method to encourage users’ understanding on these terms.
Challenging “Getting Better” Social Media Narratives With Intersectional Transgender Lived Experiences
Authors: Haimson Oliver L.
Published: March 2020

A dominant media narrative of “getting better” over time is often projected onto LGBTQ people’s personal life experiences. In this research study, I examine this narrative’s role in transgender people’s emotional well-being throughout transition. A “getting better” narrative was pervasive in my qualitative analysis of 240 Tumblr transition blogs and 20 interviews with bloggers, signaling that it impacted people’s self-concept both as presented on social media and when talking about their experiences. This narrative causes undue emotional harm given contrast between one’s post-transition reality, which may involve distress (despite greater congruence between one’s body and identity), and a dominant cultural expectation of happiness. I argue that an intersectional approach to understanding trans people’s emotional well-being—by considering multiple salient identity facets and life transitions—makes trans lives more livable by complicating the cultural imperative to feel better, and to present a unilaterally positive self-image online, post-transition. Even though trans people on average feel better after gender transition, everyday realities are often in contrast to the dominant narrative’s positioning of gender transition as a process with a single, simple goal of feeling better. Challenging the “getting better” narrative gives trans people the freedom to live and exist in their post-transition identities, whether or not they feel “better.”
Development of a Typology Regarding CIF-CSR Initiatives Typology, Comprising of Conceptual Archetypes
Authors: Bhattacharyya Som Sekhar
Published: March 2020

Modern-day business landscape has been com and chaotic. These are forcing firms to explore and experiment to secure and sustain market advantage. Often collaborative strategies such as strategic alliance (SA) and joint ventures (JVs) are pursued. Corporate social responsibilities (CSR) initiatives have been carried out by firms to justify and legitimize firm social existence. In collaborative strategies, two or more firms’ CSR initiatives get intermingled. Given this background, it is of interest to comprehend how firm CSR initiatives altered because of collaborations (SAs and JVs). The purpose of this conceptual article is to develop a collaborative inter-firm CSR (CIF-CSR) typology based upon a varied base of the extant literature on inter-firm collaboration (SAs and JVs), strategic management (especially resource-based view) and stakeholder theory applied theoretical logical argumentations through assumptions, premises, axioms and assertions. The author incrementally and systematically developed the CIF-CSR typology which consisted of CIF-CSR archetypes. The categorization was based upon post-inter-firm alliance nature of CSR themes, the intensity of dedication of allying firms’ CSR resources and capabilities, CSR management control, CSR process/stakeholder engagement and modular fit of inter-firm CSR initiatives. There were four types of CIF-CSR archetypes based upon post-alliance CSR control, five types of CIF-CSR archetypes based upon resource and capability committed post-alliance, four types of CIF-CSR archetypes based upon CSR process and three CIF-CSR archetypes based upon inter-firm post-alliance CSR initiatives design fit. This is one of the first scholarly works on developing an integrated CIF-CSR typology consisting of archetypes.