bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient selection for trials
Authors: Wolinsky Jerry S
Published: October 2017

The last several decades have witnessed considerable progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis, refining diagnostic criteria, and identifying therapies of value for modifying the course of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. While the pace of progress has lagged for those with progressive phase disease, this now seems to be changing. This review considers those characteristics of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis that may contribute to phase 3 trial success and identifies some of the thorny issues that remain ahead. The larger of the studies conducted thus far have sequentially informed our understanding of “pure” primary progressive disease, and also challenge both phase 3 and especially phase 2 trial designs and participant selection for investigations going forward. This may have particular relevance for testing therapeutics directed at neuroprotection and repair in the face of ongoing progression regardless of trial participant categorization using current conventional disease phenotypes.
Clinical outcome measures for progressive MS trials
Authors: Ontaneda Daniel , Cohen Jeffrey A , Amato Maria Pia
Published: October 2017

Treatment options for progressive multiple sclerosis remain the main unmet need of the field. As the understanding of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis improves, new pathways and molecules will be tested for potential reparative, remyelinating, or neuroprotective effects. The clinical outcomes used will determine successful demonstration of beneficial treatment effects to regulatory agencies, clinicians, and persons with MS. This review focuses on clinical outcome measures including the Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, and novel composite measures of disability. The paper also covers cognitive outcomes and screening tests for use in clinical trials. The growing importance of patient-reported outcomes and their suitability for clinical trials is also presented. The review aims to create consensus in regard to these topics and suggestions for future research.
Consecutive loss of two benzyl radicals from the [M + Na]+ adduct ions of pyrogallol tribenzyl ether and its derivatives
Authors: Kuck Dietmar , Heitkamp Sandra , Letzel Matthias , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Krohn Karsten
Published: October 2017

The electrospray ionization–collision-induced dissociation mass spectra of nine pyrogallol tribenzyl ethers, 2–10, and a catechol dibenzyl ether, 11, that bear various functional groups or larger structural extensions have been studied with respect to the occurrence of a highly characteristic consecutive loss of two benzyl radicals from the sodiated molecular ions, [M + Na]+. It is shown that this specific fragmentation reaction strongly dominates other fragmentation routes, such as loss of carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and water. In addition, elimination of benzaldehyde occurs as a minor fragmentation channel in most cases. In contrast to these aryl–benzyl ethers, the consecutive two-fold loss of C7H7• is suppressed in the [M + Na]+ ions of dibenzyl ethers derived from multiply benzylated gallocatechin and catechin, where the elimination of benzyl alcohol prevails the primary fragmentation almost completely. The secondary fragmentation of the [M + Na]+ ions, which also comprises the two-fold loss of C7H7•, as well as a remarkable primary fragmentation of a flavene-based congener leading to particularly stable sodium-free chromylium product ions is also presented. † Deceased.
The Effect of Capsulectomy on Hip Joint Biomechanics
Authors: Bakshi Neil K. , Bayer Jen L. , Bigelow Erin M.R. , Jameel Omar F. , Sekiya Jon K.
Published: October 2017

Background:

Capsulectomy is performed during hip arthroscopic surgery in young adult patients with hip pain to improve intraoperative visualization. The stability of the hip joint after anterior capsulectomy is relatively unknown.

Purpose:

To evaluate anterior hip stability in capsular sectioned states with a labral injury to test whether the load required for anterior translation would decrease with greater capsular injuries.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Sixteen hips from 8 of 10 human cadaveric pelvises (mean age, 54.25 years) were prepared/mounted onto a custom-built fixture and tested in 5 states: intact capsule, intact labrum (all intact); sutured capsule, intact labrum (sutured intact); sutured capsule, 1-cm partial labrectomy (sutured labrectomy); partial capsulectomy, 1-cm partial labrectomy (partial capsulectomy); and total capsulectomy, 1-cm partial labrectomy (total capsulectomy). Each hip was tested in a neutral position with a 20-N compressive force. The load at 12 mm of anterior translation was recorded for each state after 2 preconditioning trials.

Results:

A repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni adjustment showed no difference between the all-intact versus sutured-intact states and demonstrated no significant difference between the sutured-intact and sutured-labrectomy states. There were significant differences between the sutured-labrectomy and partial capsulectomy ( P = .01), sutured-labrectomy and total capsulectomy ( P < .001), and partial capsulectomy and total capsulectomy ( P = .04) states.

Conclusion:

The findings demonstrate that the capsule/labrum plays an important role in anterior hip stability and that the iliofemoral ligament is crucial for preventing anterior translation in labral-injured states. In addition, the ischiofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments provide resistance to anterior translation in iliofemoral- and labral-deficient states. Intraoperative capsulectomy should be avoided in patients with large, irreparable labral tears to prevent postoperative anterior hip instability.

Clinical Relevance:

This study quantifies the roles of the capsulolabral structures in anterior hip stability and demonstrates the importance of maintaining/repairing them during hip arthroscopic surgery.
First draft genome sequence of a strain belonging to the Zoogloea genus and its gene expression in situ
Authors: Muller Emilie E. L. , Narayanasamy Shaman , Zeimes Myriam , Laczny Cédric C. , Lebrun Laura A. , Herold Malte , Hicks Nathan D. , Gillece John D. , Schupp James M. , Keim Paul , Wilmes Paul
Published: October 2017

The Gram-negative beta-proteobacterium Zoogloea sp. LCSB751 (LMG 29444) was newly isolated from foaming activated sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Here, we describe its draft genome sequence and annotation together with a general physiological and genomic analysis, as the first sequenced representative of the Zoogloea genus. Moreover, Zoogloea sp. gene expression in its environment is described using metatranscriptomic data obtained from the same treatment plant. The presented genomic and transcriptomic information demonstrate a pronounced capacity of this genus to synthesize poly-β-hydroxyalkanoate within wastewater.
Roles of the Microsurgeon and Anesthesiologist in the Treatment of Neonatal Upper Extremity Arterial Thrombosis: A Case Report
Authors: Keane Alexandra M. , Santosa Katherine B. , Shahrawat Sonia M. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K.
Published: October 2017

We present a rare case of a newborn with spontaneous, noniatrogenic arterial thromboembolism in the right brachial artery and accompanying ischemic changes to the right upper extremity, who was successfully treated with microsurgical intervention and ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block with a continuous infusion of ropivacaine for 48 hours. This case report highlights the emerging role of both the microsurgeon and anesthesiologist in management of spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism.
Induced spawning of siban fish Cyclocheilichthys apogon using Ovaprim
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Tanjung Afrizal , Warningsih Trisla , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin
Published: October 2017

Background: The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of Ovaprim dosage on the latency period, relative number of ovulated eggs, fertilization, hatching, and survival rates of the siban fish, Cyclocheilichthys apogon.

Methods: Three dosages of Ovaprim were tested in this study, namely 0.3 ml kg-1 of broodfish body weight, 0.5 ml kg-1 body weight, and 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight, plus control (without Ovaprim). 

Results: The results showed that the best latency period, relative number of ovulated eggs, fertilization, hatching, and survival rates were obtained at a dosage of 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight.

Conclusions: The best dosage of Ovaprim for siban fish from the dosages tested, was determined to be 0.7 ml kg-1 body weight.
Forecasting the Transition of the Economy of the Russian Federation to the Dominance of the Fifth Techno-Economic Paradigm
Authors: Басовский Леонид , Basovskiy Leonid , Ломовцев Д. , Lomovcev D. , Басовская Елена , Basovskaya Elena
Published: October 2017

The purpose of the work was to assess the timing of the transition of the Russian economy and the economy of individual Russian regions to the dominance of the fifth techno-economic paradigm. By constructing econometric models of economic dynamics, the timing of the beginning of the dominance of the fifth technoeconomic paradigm was estimated. The transition to the domination of the fifth techno-economic paradigm in the economy of the country can expected in 2040. The economy of individual regions has already made the transition to the dominance of the fifth techno-economic paradigm. In the economy of a large part of the regions, the transition to the dominance of the fifth techno-economic paradigm can expected in many years and decades. Estimates of the expected timeframe for the transition to the dominance of the fifth techno-economic paradigm obtained on basis of the assumption that the trends of economic development prevailing in 2001–2015 were preserved.
Directions of Assessment of Efficiency of Development Strategies of the Enterprise on the Basis of New Knowledge
Authors: Власов М. , Vlasov M.
Published: October 2017

American and European researchers started emphasizing the role and meaning not only of information but knowledge which gave rise to a whole set of new definitions for modern society, including «knowledge society», «knowledgeable society», etc. Modern market conditions require businesses to find new approaches to corporate management, planning, and control. The right choice of direction in introducing new knowledge largely predetermines efficacy of achieving stated objectives. We often see how insufficient evaluation of initial economic opportunities leads to a halt of many perspective innovations and investment projects and programs because of the lack of financial and economic resources for their completion. It is possible to avoid such situations, if at the stage of practical implementation strategy formulation, we exclude “unreachable” projects based on the low initial innovative activity of the company. The aim of this research is to formulate methodological approaches to selecting projects of new knowledge generated based on widespread investment design methods considering peculiarities of enterprises development strategy. The author offers methodological approaches to selection of results of new knowledge generation based on widespread methods of investment design and considering features of innovative development strategy. New methodological approach includes the following stages: company economic opportunities analysis; innovative ideas generation; preliminary innovation selection; presentation of innovation idea in the form of innovation project; innovation project efficacy evaluation from the point of view of investment perspectives; evaluation of innovation project efficacy from company economics point of view; multidimensional analysis of obtained quantitative evaluation with the aim of choosing the most perspective innovation projects. This paper is focused on the first stage — company economic opportunities analysis.
Criteria of Classification of the Regions and Territorial Subjects of the Russian Federation which are the Part of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Сорокина Наталья , Sorokina Natalia
Published: October 2017

The approach to allocation of factors and criteria of classification of the regions which are the part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is presented. It is shown that the multicriteria approach to classification of regions of the Arctic zone allowing reflecting in a complex influence on their social and economic development of political, resource, production and social factors is preferable. It is proved that the leading factor of development of the territory of this type is the production factor that allows to recognize it as a key factor of division into districts. It is accented that a main goal of development of classification is formation of the differentiated public social and economic policy concerning regions and territorial subjects of the federation of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
Financial mechanism and management accounting production and consumption of company resources
Authors: Левчаев Петр , Levchaev Petr , Осипов В. , Osipov V.
Published: October 2017

Explores problems in the functioning of the financial mechanism and management accounting of the consumption of production resources of the company. Attention is paid to the specifics of the financial activities of the company, features of construction and operation of its financial mechanism in the context of negotiating cost proportions.
Examines the role of the information management system process control resource consumption is determined by the information structure of management accounting resource consumption. Based on the study of domestic and foreign experience suggests ways to improve management control of resource consumption.
Terapia com [177Lu – Dota0 – Tyr3]–Octreotate (177Lu-Dotatate) em Pacientes com Tumores Avançados de Origem Neuroendócrino: Experiência Inicial e Resultados Preliminares
Authors: Marín Oyaga Víctor , Gutiérrez Villamil Claudia , Mejía López Arturo , Valenzuela Rincón Alex , Sánchez de Guzmán Gabriel , Arévalo Leal José Sinay
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: mostrar a experiência inicial e os resultados preliminares da terapia com [177Lu – Dota0 – Tyr3] –Octreotate (177Lu-Dotatate) em pacientes tratados na nossa instituição, devido a que a experiência derivada desta prática em países latino-americanos é pouco conhecida. Materiais e métodos: se realizou uma análise descritiva e retrospectiva em pacientes aos que se lhes tem realizado terapia com 177Lu-Dotatate com ao menos uma dose e ao menos um ano de seguimento. Incluíram-se 8 pacientes, idade média de 57 anos (50-63). Administraram-se: 24 doses em total, 3 doses em média por paciente, 187 GBq totais administrados e 23.5 GBq doses/paciente. Valorou-se a resposta ao tratamento e a presença de efeitos adversos. Resultados: o tempo médio de segui- mento foi de 45 meses (26-72 meses). 5/8 tinham diagnóstico de tne de origem pancreática, 2/8 de origem gástrica e 1/8 de jejuno. 7/8 pacientes tinham compromisso metastático e 1/8 paciente apesar de não ter afetação metastática foi considerado irressecável. 6/8 pacientes apresentaram sintomas pós-terapia leves e 1/8 eventos adversos sérios. 2/8 pacientes tiveram resposta parcial, 4/4 doença estável e 2/8 resposta completa. No entanto, no nal do seguimento um paciente que teve resposta completa apresentou recaída e outro resposta parcial com posterior progressão e morte. Conclusões: no nosso meio a terapia com 177Lu-Dotatate tem sido segura e e caz em pacientes com tne como alternativa terapêutica com adequados níveis de resposta e controle da doença com eventos adversos leves esperáveis e eventos sérios mínimos autolimitados.
Fatores de Risco Associados a Asfixia Perinatal no Hospital Universitário Méderi, 2010-2011
Authors: Rincón Socha Práxedes Isabel , Del Riesgo Prendes Lilia , Ibáñez Pinilla Milcíadez , Rodríguez Torres Viviana
Published: October 2017

Introdução: a hipoxemia secundária a complicações fetais ou obstétricas é causa de asfixia perinatal e lesão cerebral no recém-nascido; 15 a 20% destas crianças morrem durante o período neonatal e 25% dos que sobrevivem, apresentam déficit neurológicos permanentes. Objetivo: determinar fatores de risco anteparto, intraparto e fetais associados ao diagnóstico de asfixia perinatal nos recém-nascidos do serviço de neonatologia do Hospital Universitário Mayor Mederi de Bogotá, nos anos 2010-2011. Materiais e métodos: estudo retrospectivo de casos e controles pareado por data de nascimento, com uma relação 1:5 (51:306). Os casos de asfixia perinatal se diagnosticaram segundo os critérios da Academia Americana de Pediatria e o Colégio Americano de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. As associações se avaliaram com a prova de Chi-quadrado de Mantel e Haenszel ou o Teste de Fisher para dados pareados, com or e intervalo de con ança do 95%. A análise multivariada se realizou com um modelo de regressão logística condicional. Resultados: fatores de risco com associação significativa: Anteparto: antecedentes patológicos maternos e primigestação. Intraparto: desprendimento prematuro de placenta, hemorragia do terceiro trimestre, oligo-hidrâmnios, taquicardia fetal, monitoramento fetal intraparto anormal, expulsivo prolongado, febre materna, corioamnionite, convulsões maternas e bradicardia fetal. Fetais: idade gestacional por Ballard igual ou <36semanas, via do nascimento instrumentado, líquido amniótico hemorrágico ou tingido de mecónio, circular de cordão, peso ao nascer igual ou <2500 gramas. Os sublinhados e a síndrome hipertensiva associado à gravidez se encontraram significativos na análise multivariada. Conclusões: o reconhecimento e controle temporão dos fatores de risco deve contribuir a diminuir a probabilidade de asfixia perinatal nos recém-nascidos.
Enfoque das gestações múltiplas de diagnóstico difícil durante a autopsia perinatal
Authors: Olaya Contreras, MD PhD Mercedes , Galvis Navarrete Silvia Helena , Giraldo Ospina, MD Gustavo Adolfo , Rojas Martínez, MD Jorge Armando , Rodríguez Sarmiento, MD Jorge Luis , Franco Zuluaga, MD Jorge Andrés
Published: October 2017

Introdução: durante o exame de pediatria, genética, ecográ co ou de anatomia patológica de fetos de gestações gemelares, costumam aparecer interrogantes no diagnóstico diferencial, especialmente quando os casos se associam com maceração, com malformações ou com duplicação de estruturas. Objetivo: propor um algoritmo para o enfoque da autopsia perinatal em gestações múltiplas de difícil diagnóstico. Materiais e Métodos: estudo observacional descritivo do universo de gestações gemelares vistas no Departamento de Patologia do Hospital Universitário San Ignacio (husi) entre 2007 e 2013. De nimos como “gestação múltipla de difícil diagnóstico” aquela na que o exame do(s) feto(s) apresentou um dos diagnósticos diferenciais: feto macerado/evanescente, gêmeo siamês, fetus in fetu, feto acárdico ou teratoma congênito. Realizou-se o estudo anatomopatológico e junto com a literatura revisada, os gêmeos se analisaram e classificaram segundo o algoritmo proposto. Resultados: houve 59 casos de gestações gemelares nas que pelo menos um dos fetos requereu autopsia perinatal. As principais causas de morte foram as infeções ascendentes seguidas da síndrome de transfusão feto-fetal. Como gestações múltiplas de difícil diagnóstico observamos três fetos acárdicos e oito fetos macerados. Aplicouse o algoritmo proposto neste artigo. Conclusões: o diagnóstico nas gestações gemelares pode ser em ocasiões difícil. Identificamos os aspectos mais importantes a ter em conta da história clínica e da autopsia perinatal para chegar ao diagnóstico definitivo; desenvolvemos um algoritmo para ser aplicado nestas circunstâncias durante as autopsias perinatais.
De Menino a Homem. Discursos sobre a Puberdade Masculina na Endocrinologia (Buenos Aires, décadas de 1950 e 1960)
Authors: Rustoyburu, PhD Cecilia
Published: October 2017

Objetivos: este artigo propõe-se analisar os discursos sobre a puberdade da endocrinologia e a  siologia na Argentina nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. Se pretende problematizar a relação da medicina e a ciência com supostos morais sobre a infância e as diferenças de gênero. Desenvolvimento: estudam-se artigos e livros de Alberto Bernardo Houssay e Martín Cullen, dois especialistas que formaram parte da renovação e consolidação disciplinar posterior a 1955. Conclusões: as noções sobre masculinidade e infância mediaram nas leituras dos pacientes interpretados como homens que não se adequavam à norma que estabelecia uma idade esperada para a puberdade, uns genitais de um tamanho preestabelecido e uma morfologia “varonil”. Os discursos dos endocrinólogos de Buenos Aires insertavam-se em uma linha interpretativa hegemônica no cenário internacional que reconhecia ao funcionamento hormonal como um sistema complexo regulado pela hipó se. No entanto, aprecia-se a preeminência de leituras tradicionais onde a diferença sexual se inscrevia não só no metabolismo, mas também na musculatura, a pele, os esqueletos e os comportamentos. A puberdade se convertia em um período vital de especial observação porque signi cava o estabelecimento da diferença sexual nos corpos. As intervenções se debatiam entre a aplicação dos fármacos disponíveis no mercado e as precauções que impunham os reparos anunciados pela pediatria psicossomática.
Improving the Performance and Energy Efficiency of Pneumatic Dryer for Okara
Authors: Nimmol Chatchai , Hirunwat Anucha
Published: October 2017

Abstract. A corrugated-pipe drying column and a multipass drying concept (one-pass and two-pass drying) were proposed in this study to improve the performance and energy efficiency of a conventional pneumatic dryer for okara. The performance (in terms of volumetric water evaporation rate and volumetric heat transfer coefficient) and the energy efficiency of the dryer were evaluated. With the use of the corrugated-pipe drying column, the moisture reduction of the okara, the volumetric water evaporation rate, and the volumetric heat transfer coefficient were enhanced. The specific energy consumption (SEC) of the drying process was also improved. The maximum values of the volumetric water evaporation rate and the volumetric heat transfer coefficient of 765 kgwater m-3 h-1 and 6966 W m-3 K-1, respectively, were found when drying was performed by the system using the corrugated-pipe drying column. The lowest value of the SEC of 3.03 MJ kgwater-1 was also observed. The lowest final moisture content of okara obtained after the two-pass drying was around 0.72 kgwater kgdrysolid-1. Keywords: Corrugated pipe, Multipass drying, Okara, Pneumatic dryer, Specific energy consumption, Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, Volumetric water evaporation rate.
EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE CONTENT OF KABULI CHICKPEA, BLACK SESAME, AND WHITE SESAME SEEDS
Authors:   USDA, Armstrong Paul , Maghirang Elizabeth , Subramanyam Bhadriraju
Published: October 2017

Sesame and chickpea are important crops in Ethiopia because both are major export crops that generate much revenue for both small farmers and the country as a whole. However, there is a lack of information about the fundamental equilibrium moisture content (EMC) relationships among these crops, which would help facilitate better monitoring and storage. Therefore, EMC adsorption and desorption prediction models based on temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) were developed for the modified Chung-Pfost and modified Henderson models for Kabuli chickpea (KC), black sesame (BS), and white sesame (WS) seeds. The samples for conducting the adsorption and desorption tests were conditioned to various moisture content (MC) levels for the EMC test models. The samples (~500 g) were placed in multiple sealed enclosures equipped with T and RH sensors, which were placed in an environmental chamber where they were exposed to three temperatures (15°C, 25°C, and 35°C). The MCdb ranges used for model development for adsorption and desorption were, respectively, 11.6% to 19.5% and 8.9% to 16.9% for KC samples, 5.0% to 8.7% and 4.3% to 6.9% for BS, and 4.2% to 8.7% and 3.5% to 7.6% for WS. Nonlinear regression was used to determine the model coefficients for the modified Henderson and modified Chung-Pfost equations. The prediction statistics for the adsorption and desorption models yielded an SEE of, respectively, 0.53% and 0.68% MCdb for KC, 0.23% and 0.13% for BS, and 0.28% and 0.25% for WS. The model coefficients obtained in this study will be used in a moisture meter based on EMC measurement, which is currently being used as part of a USAID postharvest project in various African and Asian countries. These EMC models may also be important for other grain operations, which include harvesting, drying, storage, conditioning, and processing.
La producción de conocimiento: Algo sabido y no corregido
Authors: Pascual Ortigosa Blanca
Published: October 2017

El objeto del presente artículo es desarrollar una aproximación a los retos contemporáneos a los que debemos enfrentarnos desde el punto de vista de la articulación historiográfica. Para esta investigación, resulta inevitable como proceso metodológico, retrotraernos al análisis de la producción de conocimiento. Partiremos del examen el propio término “Arte Feminista” y continuaremos revisando, para estudiar la vigencia de éstos, los mecanismos, cánones y sistemas de legitimidad que erigen dicha producción. Procesos, que como el propio título indica, han sido investigados por numerosas críticas y teóricas de Arte Feminista, desde la década de los 70 hasta la actualidad, pero que no encontramos superados y/o corregidos por propuestas efectivamente renovadoras dentro de los espacios hegemónicamente legitimados. En este escenario, otros debates residuo de esta brecha entre la vida y la norma, adquieren presencia en estos días bajo diferentes signos. Como otro más de los desafíos que este artículo despliega, los propias herramientas, estrategias y metodologías, deberán ser examinadas desde una perspectiva feminista.
Cerámica, ornamento y subversión: Un relato hecho a mano
Authors: Asensi Blanco Raquel
Published: October 2017

Soy “ceramista”. Es una etiqueta lingüística para denominar el tipo de saber y hacer, tradicionalmente vinculado a las artesanías (o Arts and Crafts), al diseño cerámico, y hoy en día también a la producción artística. La inclusión de esta forma artística aportó en los años 70 y 80 muchas obras en cerámica que se opusieron a una idea estable y única de la obra de arte moderna, permitiendo una aproximación anti-jerárquica de los géneros, discursos, materiales. Aunque este cambio de paradigma fue reconocido y denominado como posmoderno, también podemos mirarlo en relación a las aportaciones del arte feminista. Desvelamos e interpretamos las relaciones existentes entre las prácticas artísticas en cerámica y los feminismos. Un relato “hecho a mano”, contado desde la búsqueda de una genealogía de una práctica artística feminista en cerámica.
Masa-espektrometria bidezko prozedura analitiko berrien garapena Geokimika Isotopikoan eta haien aplikazioa presio altuko arroka metamorfikoen azterketan
Authors: Beranoaguirre Aratz , Gil Ibarguchi Jose Ignacio , Puelles Olarte Pablo
Published: October 2017

Geokimika Isotopikoak/Geokronologiak azken hamarkadetan izan duen bilakaerak hainbat teknika analitikoren hobekuntza eragin du, gerriko metamorfikoen tektonikaren gaineko informazioan iraultza eraginez. Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) berariazko tresneria analitikoaren jabe da, munduan gehien erabiltzen diren metodo geokronologikoen inplementazioa eta hobekuntza ahalbidetuz. Lan honetan, Rb-Sr eta Lu-Hf sistemak MC-ICP-MS bidez analizatzeko metodologia garatu da alde batetik, eta Hf-Hf eta U-Pb sistemak LA-ICP-MS bidez neurtzeko teknikak bestetik. Teknika horiek Iberiar mendigunearen ipar-mendebaldeko Malpica-Tui eta Cabo Ortegal Konplexu Aloktonoetako presio altuko arroka metamorfikoen dataziorako eta trazaketarako erabili dira.
Fluordun konposatuak gure kostaldeko bizidunetan
Authors: Zabaleta Itsaso , Bilbao Dennis , Bizkarguenaga Ekhine , Prieto Ailette , Zuloaga Olatz
Published: October 2017

Egun, konposatu per- eta polifluoratuek (PFAS-ek) gure eguneroko bizitzan dituzten erabilera anitzak direla eta, ingurunean gero eta nabariagoa da euren presentzia. Ur-ekosistemen egoera aztertzea helburu, organismo itsastarrak kutsaduraren adierazle ezin hobeak dira. Ildo horretan, lan honetan Frantziako, Euskal Herriko, Espainiako eta Portugaleko kostaldeetako lazunen (Chelon labrosus-en) gibelak eta ostrak (Ostrea edulis) aztertu dira. Gibelen kasuan, azido perfluorooktanosulfonikoa (PFOS), azido perfluorodekanoikoa (PFDA) eta perfluorooktanosulfonamida (PFOSA) izan dira laginak biltzeko puntu guztietan detektatutako PFAS-ak. Aipatzekoa da Urdaibaiko Erreserba Naturalean kokatuta dagoen Gernikako itsasadarrean aurkitutako PFOS-aren kontzentrazioak (443-1214 ng/g), araztegiaren edota industriaren eragina nabarmenduz. Ostren kasuan, PFOS eta PFOSA izan dira detektatutako kutsatzaileak, betiere gibelean lortutako kontzentrazioak baino baxuagoak.
Sareari adimena gehitzen: machine learning eta gaitasun kognitiboen sarrera sare-mailako monitorizaziorako eta matxuren diagnostikorako
Authors: Taboada Ianire , Blanco Bego
Published: October 2017

Ohiko sare-ereduak erabiliz belaunaldi berriko sareen ezaugarri espezifikoek ez dute kudeaketa egokia ahalbidetzen: izan ere, ezin ditu kontuan hartu eskala doiketa, heterogeneotasuna eta agertoki hauen konplexutasuna. Beraz, beharrezkoa da komunikazio sistema hauen diseinu eta kudeaketarako paradigma berriak definitzea. Modu honetan, machine learning-aren erabilpenaren bidez, sareari gaitasun kognitiboak gaineratzeak datuei erantsita sarean zehar garraiatzen den protokolo-informazioaren maneiatzea posible egiten du. Informazio hau sarearen egoera inferitzeko erabiltzen da, disfuntzioak ekidinez eta guztirako errendimendua hobetuz. Artikulu honek sare-mailan integratutako modulu adimentsu baten diseinua aurkezten du, offline machine learning-ean oinarrituz, bideraketa funtzionalitaterako informazioa bilduz eta interpretatuz. Testuinguruaz kontzientea den modulu kognitibo honek monitoreatutako sare-egoeraren arabera bideraketa protokoloaren portaera manipulatzen du, horrela matxurak ekidinez, trafikoa orekatuz eta hobekuntza globala eskuratuz.
Zenbakizko biskositateak eragindako soinu-eztandaren simulazioaren zailtasunak
Authors: Pozo Pazos Alejandro
Published: October 2017

Hegazkin supersonikoek eragindako soinu-eztandaren hedapena eremu hurbiletik lurreraino zehatz-mehatz simulatzea ez da erraza. Ereduaren denbora-tarte handietarako propietateak babesten dituzten zenbakizko metodoak behar dira. Artikulu honetan, soinu-eztandaren minimizazioarekin erlazionaturik dagoen optimizazio eta alderantzizko diseinu-problema ikertu dugu. Bereziki, bere soluzioaren hurbilketen eraginkortasuna mantentzeko gakoak ematen ditugu.
Franz Bopp, “mit Haar und Haut ein Mensch der Bücher”: searching for the origin of Indo-European grammatical forms
Authors: Swiggers Pierre
Published: October 2017

Franz Bopp (1791-1867), comúnmente considerado uno de los padres fundadores de la Gramática Comparada Indoeuropea, se interesó en un primer momento por el origen de las formas gramaticales, un objetivo que persiguió desde 1816 en adelante a través de la comparación analítica de los procesos formativos de los tipos flexivos de palabra en sánscrito, griego, latín, alemán y persa en un primer momento (progresivamente incluyó otras lenguas indoeuropeas en su ámbito de estudio). La mayor parte de la obra de Bopp se desarrolló en el campo del sánscrito, pero su interés por los procesos gramaticales del indoeuropeo activos en la lengua madre (Stammsprache) lo condujo a escribir la primera gramática comparada del indoeuropeo (publicada en tres volúmenes entre los años 1833 y 1852); esta obra de conjunto (cuya segunda edición apareció en 1857-61, y la tercera en 1868-71) estaba precedida y seguida por varios estudios monográficos en los que Bopp aplicó un procedimiento analítico para la segmentación, clasificación y explicación de formas gramaticales indoeuropeas. Combinando una visión cronológica de la carrera académica de Bopp con un estudio de su metodología comparativa, este artículo examina las suposiciones o hipótesis que subyacen en la obra de Bopp, y las reivindicaciones resultantes (que atienden a la estructura de las raíces indoeuropeas, la constitución de formas gramaticales y el contenido de morfemas gramaticales), con atención tanto a la posición institucional e intelectual de Bopp como a la valoración por sus contemporáneos y por las siguientes generaciones de investigadores.
Nueva lectura de la inscripción ibérica sobre piedra conservada en el Museo de Cruzy (Hérault)
Authors: Moncunill Noemí , Ferrer i Jane Joan , Gorrochategui Joaquín
Published: October 2017

Presentamos una nueva edición de la inscripción ibérica sobre piedra hallada en los alrededores de Ensérune y conservada en el Museo de Cruzy (Hérault, Francia). La nueva propuesta de lectura, resultado de autopsia de la pieza, obliga a reconsiderar el análisis de la onomástica contenida en el texto, abriendo varias vías de interpretación.
Media Faktura. On some Technical Conditions of Image-Making in Art
Authors: Broeckmann Andreas
Published: October 2017

The text contributes to the discussion about the ontological status of the "image" by offering an analysis of the technical and material conditions of image-making. Departing from a close reading of French artist Julien Maire's installation "Memory Cone" (2009), the paper discusses four distinct types of technical conditions which determine mediated images: physiological, physical, electronic, and algorithmic. It references art historical examples to argue that such technical conditions have always been fundamental to images, and suggests the interdependency between these medial layers.
Concrete Visibility – confrontation and relocation in modern images
Authors: Kjær Michael
Published: October 2017

The articles main hypothesis is, following Vilém Flusser, that modern imagery in general is ‘technical’, which means its images are images of concepts. As such they are difficult to distinguish phenomenologically and semiotically from their environment and therefore difficult to identify as images. From this outset the main argument is that certain modern images are capable of revealing this technicality by confronting the viewer with a concrete visibility forcing discursive relocations of the knowledge integral to perceiving them. The article develops this argument via the understanding of images of Gottfried Boehm and Michel Foucault in connection with analyses of photographs of the Russian artist Alexander Rodchenko and paintings by the Danish painters J. F. Willumsen and Erik Hoppe.
The Generalized Image: Imagery Beyond Representation in Early Avant-Garde Film
Authors: Schmidt Ulrik
Published: October 2017

The dichotomy between the figurative and the abstract has often been evoked as a key element in the understanding of the modern image, as it was the case, for example, in influential art historians such as Wilhelm Worringer and Clement Greenberg. However, if such a rigid opposition between the abstract and figurative has ever been qualified, an unlimited number of images after 1900 – whether painted, printed or screen-based – have significantly obscured any clear distinction between the two.Hence, if one wishes to understand the very nature of modern images it is indispensable to ask what it could mean to conceive of images beyond the opposition between the abstract and the figurative: How could we think of images that are neither figurative nor abstract, or perhaps are both at the same time? How could we think of images that are not either signifying and representational or non-signifying and non-representational but rather a-signifying and a-representational in the sense that they operate and find expression beyond the very question of signification and representation?The aim of this text is to explore some of the key elements in such imagery beyond representation. I will investigate the issue by revisiting a series of iconic images in early 1920s avant-garde film by the artists Man Ray and Fernand Léger. On this background, and in dialogue with film theorists and philosophers such as Malcolm Le Grice and Gilles Deleuze, I outline the basic properties and aesthetic potentials of what I term the generalized image as an imagery that operates and affects beyond the very question of representation.
Learning by doing with images and words
Authors: Oxvig Henrik , Bäcklund Jan , Søberg Martin
Published: October 2017

Editorial
Tubular neighborhoods in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups
Authors: Ritoré Manuel
Published: October 2017

In the present paper we consider the Carnot–Carathéodory distance

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

to a closed set E in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg groups

ℍ
n

{{\mathbb{H}}^{n}}

,

n
⩾
1

{n\geqslant 1}

. The

ℍ

{{\mathbb{H}}}

-regularity of

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

is proved under mild conditions involving a general notion of singular points. In case E is a Euclidean

C
k

{C^{k}}

submanifold,

k
⩾
2

{k\geqslant 2}

, we prove that

δ
E

{\delta_{E}}

is

C
k

{C^{k}}

out of the singular set. Explicit expressions for the volume of the tubular neighborhood when the boundary of E is of class

C
2

{C^{2}}

are obtained, out of the singular set, in terms of the horizontal principal curvatures of

∂
⁡
E

{\partial E}

and of the function

〈
N
,
T
〉

/

|

N
h

|

{\langle N,T\rangle/|N_{h}|}

and its tangent derivatives.
HIV-1 Subtypes Circulating in Constanta
Authors: Cernat Roxana-Carmen , Dumitru Irina Magdalena , Oțelea D. , Rugină S.
Published: October 2017

The HIV epidemic in Constanta describes a unique pattern in the world. It has outbreak in 1986, in the pediatric population and it is of a monoclonal aspect, being determined by the F1 subtype. The evolution of the epidemic has known different stages in time: it spreads to the adult population, the transmission pathway becomes predominantly sexual and the circulating viral strains become diversified. The study proposes the characterization of the circulating HIV-1 subtypes in Constanta from the beginning of the epidemic to the present. The results indicate that subtype F1 remains dominant in patients from Constanta, mainly due to cases coming from the pediatric cohort that have now reached adulthood and are generating secondary cases through sexual transmission. As subtype B strains appeared sporadically before 1999, the strains C and B appear systematically after that moment in time. In 2004 the first subtype A strains were isolated. The year 2007 is the one with the highest biodiversity: along with the dominant subtype F1, subtypes C, A, B, G were isolated and also the circulating recombinant forms CRF02_02, CRF06_cpx and CRF01_AE. Since 2008, the viral population has remained polymorphic, with a dynamic evolution.
Ein Modalmaß für Beobachtbarkeit und perspektivische Beobachtbarkeit linearer zeitinvarianter Systeme
Authors: Seeber Richard , Dourdoumas Nicolaos , Horn Martin
Published: October 2017

Das Modalmaß nach Litz stellt eine einfache Möglichkeit zur
quantitativen Bewertung der Beobachtbarkeit eines Systems dar. Einen
durch mehrfache Eigenwerte verursachten Beobachtbarkeitsverlust zeigt
es jedoch mitunter nicht korrekt an. Vorliegender Beitrag schlägt
eine Erweiterung vor, welche dieses Problem behebt. Im Weiteren wird
gezeigt, dass sich das modifizierte Maß leicht auf die
perspektivische Beobachtbarkeit erweitern lässt. Die praktische
Anwendbarkeit des erweiterten Maßes wird anhand eines anschaulichen
Beispiels demonstriert.
Estimation of Reliability in Multicomponent Stress-Strength Based on Dagum Distribution
Authors: Fulment Arnold K. , Josephat Peter K. , Srinivasa Rao Gadde
Published: October 2017

We consider the Dagum distribution for estimating the reliability of a
Ignition of New Product Diffusion in Entrepreneurship: An Agent-Based Approach
Authors: Shim Jaehu , Bliemel Martin
Published: October 2017

New product diffusion is critical to entrepreneurship. Without successful diffusion, the emergence of a new business is incomplete. Although we have several well-established models of the diffusion phenomenon, these models mainly describe the macro-level diffusion patterns
Analysis of high-intensity efforts in brazilian professional soccer players
Authors: Moura Felipe Arruda , Marche Ana Lorena , Caetano Fabio Giuliano , Torres Ricardo Da Silva , Martins Luiz Eduardo Barreto , Cunha Sergio Augusto
Published: October 2017

Purpose. The study aim was to characterize high-intensity efforts (HIEs) of soccer players. Methods. The HIE features were quantified according to playing positions, with the consideration of the moment of initial velocity increase, which precedes the velocity threshold. The total of 107 players of Brazilian first division championship were analysed with the automatic tracking method. HIE phase 1 began at the minimum local value and finished when the velocity reached 6.4 m/s. Phase 2 began immediately when the velocity exceeded 6.4 m/s and finished with the velocity lower than 6.4 m/s. Results. External defenders and forwards performed a greater (p < 0.01; d: 1.01-1.17) number of HIEs (40.0 ± 13.5 and 34.9 ± 6.6, respectively) than central defenders (26.6 ± 9.2). With respect to the distance covered and duration of phase 2, external defenders covered a greater (p < 0.01; d: 0.45-0.47) distance (13.5 ± 4.5 m) and spent more (p < 0.01; d: 0.24-0.26) time (1.8 ± 1.3 s) than central defenders (11.5 ± 4.3 m; 1.5 ± 1.2 s), forwards (11.4 ± 4.4 m; 1.5 ± 0.9 s), central midfielders (11.5 ± 4.4 m; 1.5 ± 1.2 s), and external midfielders (11.4 ± 4.6 m; 1.5 ± 1.1 s). Players performed a greater (p = 0.03; d: 2.29-5.17) number of HIEs with more than 120 s of recovery time compared with other time categories. Conclusions. The better characterization of HIE physical demands during soccer matches provides insights for coaches to plan a more specific physical training for professional players.
Mitral Regurgitation Severity Analysis Based on Features and Optimal HE (OHE) with Quantification using PISA Method
Authors: Abdul Khayum Pinjari , Sudheer Babu Reddy Pogu
Published: October 2017

Heart disease is the foremost reason for death and also the main source of incapability in the developed nations. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a typical heart disease that does not bring about manifestations until its end position. In view of the hidden etiologies of heart distress, functional MR can be partitioned into two subgroups, ischemic and no ischemic MR. A procedure is progressed for jet area separation and quantification in MR evaluation in arithmetical expressions. Thus, a strategy that depends on echocardiography recordings, image processing methods, and artificial intelligence could be useful for clinicians, particularly in marginal cases. In this research paper, MR segmentation is analyzed by the optimal histogram equalization (OHE) system used to segment the jet area. For a better execution of the work, threshold in HE was improved with the help of the krill herd optimization (KHO) strategy. With the MR quantification procedure, this segmented jet area was supported by the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA); in this procedure, a few parameters in the segmentation were evaluated. From the results, this proposed methodology accomplishes better accuracy in the segmented and quantification method in contrast with the existing examination.
Auf der Suche nach dem Ausgangstext: Kunstobjekte für alle
Authors: Seibel Claudia , Carlucci Laura
Published: October 2017

The present study is a theoretical and practical reflection on an innovative teaching project (DESAM, Development of Content for a Universal Platform System on the Description, Location and Guide to University of Granada), carried out by the Department of Translation and Interpretation. This project started a new line of innovative teaching and research in which we analyze the main factors acting in this pairing Culture and Translation: teacher, students, and context. The two principle objectives of the project were to apply the different modes of accessible translation to the context of cultural heritage, and to create a multimodal educational space for students of Translation and Interpreting in order to encourage their self-learning and facilitate the assimilation of ideas developed in the classroom.
Stereotypenkommunikation in der interkulturellen Interaktion
Authors: Bies Andrea
Published: October 2017

Research in intercultural communication commonly focuses on ethnic stereotypes as influencing factor for intercultural interaction. As a result, they are considered as a disturbance for mutual understanding. The Conversation analysis of German-Spanish initial contact interaction in this study demonstrates how national stereotypes are brought up in intercultural interaction, the functions they serve in this specific situation, and how stereotypes and their corresponding social categories are negotiated by the participants. In addition, the data show that during this communication activity the national category of the participants themselves is eclipsed.
Machine learning: Implications for translator education
Authors: Massey Gary , Ehrensberger-Dow Maureen
Published: October 2017

Machines are learning fast, and human translators must keep pace by learning with, from and about them. Deep learning (DL) and neural machine translation (NMT) are set to change the reality of translation and the distributions of tasks. Although theoretical and practical courses on computer-aided and/or machine translation abound, less attention has been paid to DL and NMT in most translation programmes. The challenge for translation education is to give students the knowledge and toolkits to learn when and how to embrace the new technologies, and to exploit how and when the added value of human intuition, creativity and ethics can and should be deployed.
Prospects of the Eastern Partnership under modern challenges to the European security system
Authors: Turchyn Yaryna , Dorоsh Lesya
Published: October 2017

The purpose of the article is to examine the Eastern Partnership initiative as a component of the European Neighbourhood Policy and a tool of regional security by taking into account the factor of Russian aggression and the military conflict in eastern Ukraine. Based on methods of analysis and synthesis, content analysis of primary and secondary sources of information, modelling and prediction, the following objectives are achieved: (1) to determine the vulnerabilities in the programme design, given the current geopolitical threats, and (2) to develop proposals to change the security component of the Eastern Partnership (EaP) within the context of the Russian- Ukrainian conflict. The significant shortcomings of the existing EaP model are highlighted, in particular, the initiative overall ineffectiveness, the EU membership perspective in the long run, disregarded national features, the lack of commitment by the EU countries to strengthen the integration, the security component weakness and the insufficient European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) financial support. It is concluded that intensification of the cooperation of the EaP partner countries in the area of security will not only contribute to the initiative development, but it will also enhance national securities and promote the development of a zone of stability and democracy as well as the European security space consolidation.