bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Assessment Strategies in Technical Services (An ALCTS Monograph)
Authors: Beezley Shay
Published: January 2020

Assessment of all library services is essential to meeting user needs, and more than ever, it is critical to practice assessment consistently within library technical services departments. Rising costs, space issues, budget issues, changing models within the publishing industry, and providing resources that meet users’ needs all have a role in this criticality. Long-standing assessment practices that are likely numbers-based and rely on “how much” of a certain area, such as how many books were purchased or how many new items were added to the collection during a given timeframe, are only a piece of the broader picture of assessment. Statistics have their time and place in library assessment, and Assessment Strategies in Technical Services provides a detailed, well-organized introduction to methods that technical services staff can use to either rethink or establish a culture of assessment within their department units.
PTFE-Doped CeO2 Films: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties
Authors: Taga Y. , Nishimura K. , Hisamatsu Y.
Published: January 2020

Multi-functional hybrid films were developed by doping PTFE into CeO2 by co-sputtering of CeO2 and PTFE targets. The hybrid films formed on borosilicate glass substrate containing from 5 to 15 vol. % PTFE in CeO2 showed UV shielding, high indentation hardness, hydrophobicity, optical transmittance in visible light, and high bending crack resistance. Optical properties of 100 nm thick CeO2 -5 vol. % PTFE film revealed UV light shielding of more than 80 % at 380 nm and visible light transmittance higher than 80 %. Indentation hardness measured under the load of 0.001mN was more than 16,000N/mm2 of 2.7 times higher than the glass substrate. No crack in the film was observed by bending 1.5 cm in diameter. Furthermore, the hydrophobic surface property was evaluated by the water contact angle to be higher than 90 degrees. Preliminary characterization of the CeO2-PTFE film using XPS and XMA revealed that chemical states of F in sputter doped PTFE in CeO2 can be considered to exist as C-F and Ce-F compounds. On the other hand, chemical states of Ce changed partially from Ce+4 (CeO2) to Ce+3 (Ce2O3 or CeF3) with increasing doped PTFEF in the film.
In this rapid communication, we preliminary described the optical, mechanical and chemical properties of newly developed hybrid CeO2-PTFE films prepared by sputtering.
Experiencias robóticas en infantil
Authors: Recio Caride Salomé
Published: January 2020

En cualquier nivel del ámbito de la educación, cada vez está más presente la robótica. En este artículo, compartimos prácticas llevadas a cabo a lo largo de cinco cursos escolares, con dos grupos de Educación Infantil, iniciándose en el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional. Con él, pretendemos mostrar algunas de las experiencias que se han llevado a cabo desde los 3 años con la intención de dar visibilidad a estas vivencias, por si sirven como ejemplo a quienes aún no se han atrevido a dar el paso e introducir este tipo de pensamiento en los primeros niveles escolares. O para quienes ven con miedo o desaprobación estas prácticas, con la esperanza de que perciban lo positivo que pueden aportar a sus clases y desarrollo integral de su alumnado.

At any level in the field of education, robotics is increasingly present. In this article, we share practices carried out throughout five school courses, with two groups of Early Childhood Education, beginning in the development of computational thinking. With it, we intend to show some of the experiences that have been carried out since 3 years with the intention of giving visibility to these experiences, in case they serve as an example to those who have not yet dared to take the step and introduce this type of Thought in the first school levels. Or for those who see these practices with fear or disapproval, with the hope that they perceive the positive that they can contribute to their classes and integral development of their students.
Justice in education and recognitive justice
Authors: Hanhela Teemu Eino Petteri
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on a topical issue - the idea of ‘justice in education’ – developed by Krassimir Stojanov, among other recent educational justice theorists. Justice in education has to ask ‘educational questions about education’, which means that educational justice theory should be capable of dealing with educational practices, and constellations that are asymmetrical interaction orders. This requires, from the perspective of a child, criteria to distinguish between justified and unjustified educative demands towards responsibility and autonomy. This paper analyses forms of recognition as a legitimate summons that enables the individual’s autonomy. It also analyses the illegitimate demands that emerge from Stojanov’s innovative idea to combine the forms of misrecognition with the concepts of epistemic injustice.

   The second chapter of this paper introduces the challenges related to the recognitive justice as justice in education. The examination of Dietrich Benner’s recent critique of recognition theory illuminates these challenges in two ways: first, it is shown that there can be something negatively experienced, but the result of productive disruptions that the educator need to produce, which are out of the scope of recognition theory. Second, the recognitive justice paradigm ignores elementary pedagogical conditions and requirements, ‘the pedagogical knowledge’ and its methods, and is therefore unable to fully grasp the legitimate educational authority. This paper concludes with a synthesis that finds the crucial elements from the recognition theory to justice in education and critically assessing Benner’s claims. Overall, the paper offers potential for further development in justice in education.
La vigencia de Ansel Adams en la esfera del new media
Authors: Marín Antoni
Published: January 2020

En este artículo, Antoni Marín destaca la relevancia del concepto de sistema de zonas definido y desarrollado por Ansel Adams para la fotografía analógica. El sistema de zonas es el que permite al fotógrafo controlar todo el proceso de producción de su obra. Las herramientas que permiten aplicar este proceso en la fotografía digital son los sensores de la cámaras y los programas de retoque informáticos.
Conceptual Modeling Education as a “Design Problem”
Authors: Buchmann Robert , Ghiran Ana-Maria , Döller Victoria , Karagiannis Dimitris
Published: January 2020

This article frames Conceptual Modeling education as a design problem, in the sense of the Design Science research framework, motivated by student preconceptions and oversimplifications causing a gap between how the discipline is perceived at the bachelor level and the holistic understanding of model value that is required for research work. The treatment to this design problem must comprise teaching approaches and artifacts capable of positioning Conceptual Modeling as a standalone discipline having a value proposition for any application domain, rather than a technique subordinated to other disciplines. The underpinning thesis is that modeling languages should be primarily understood as purposeful knowledge schemas that can be subjected to agile adaptations in support of model-driven systems or knowledge processes, by analogy to how a database schema is evolved in response to changing requirements of a data-driven system or data analytics needs. This thesis is supported by enablers provided by the Open Models Laboratory and the Agile Modeling Method Engineering framework – resources that support the development of treatments to the design problem framed by the article.
The Myth of Civil Society’s Democratic Role: Volunteerism and Indonesian Democracy
Authors: Hurriyah Hurriyah
Published: January 2020

Is a flourishing civil society’s political activism positively correlated with the deepening of Indonesian democracy? This article addresses this question by examining the role of civil society in the 2014 presidential election in Indonesia, focusing on the collective actions of volunteer groups (known as Gerakan Relawan) that shaped both the election process and its result. While some studies on civil society activism in the 2014 presidential election suggested the connection between the role of volunteer movement and the democratic process in Indonesia, this paper suggests that the overpraised assumptions regarding the connection between civil society’s role and democratic consolidation, in the case of volunteer movement, needs to be reconsidered. This paper argues that although the activism of the volunteer movement has positively contributed to the democratic process of the 2014 election, however, realistic assessment of the volunteer movement confirms its problematic nature and the limits of volunteer activism that may contribute to the disconnection of civil society and democratic consolidation in the country.
Structural basis for COMPASS recognition of an H2B-ubiquitinated nucleosome
Authors: Worden Evan J , Zhang Xiangbin , Wolberger Cynthia
Published: January 2020

Methylation of histone H3K4 is a hallmark of actively transcribed genes that depends on mono-ubiquitination of histone H2B (H2B-Ub). H3K4 methylation in yeast is catalyzed by Set1, the methyltransferase subunit of COMPASS. We report here the cryo-EM structure of a six-protein core COMPASS subcomplex, which can methylate H3K4 and be stimulated by H2B-Ub, bound to a ubiquitinated nucleosome. Our structure shows that COMPASS spans the face of the nucleosome, recognizing ubiquitin on one face of the nucleosome and methylating H3 on the opposing face. As compared to the structure of the isolated core complex, Set1 undergoes multiple structural rearrangements to cement interactions with the nucleosome and with ubiquitin. The critical Set1 RxxxRR motif adopts a helix that mediates bridging contacts between the nucleosome, ubiquitin and COMPASS. The structure provides a framework for understanding mechanisms of trans-histone cross-talk and the dynamic role of H2B ubiquitination in stimulating histone methylation.
The influence of ecological infrastructures adjacent to crops on their carabid assemblages in intensive agroecosystems
Authors: Pecheur Emilie , Piqueray Julien , Monty Arnaud , Dufrêne Marc , Mahy Grégory
Published: January 2020

Background

Conserving biodiversity and enhancing ecosystem services of interest in intensive agroecosystems is a major challenge. Perennial ecological infrastructures (EIs), such as hedges and grassy strips, and annual EI under Agri-Environment Schemes appear to be good candidates to promote both. Our study focused on carabids, an indicator group responding both at the species and functional trait level to disturbances and supporting pest control and weed seed consumption services.

Methods

We compared carabid assemblages at the species and functional traits levels, sampled via pitfall trapping, in three types of EIs (hedges, grassy strips and annual flower strips) and crops. We also tested via GLMs the effect of (1) the type of EI at the crops’ border and (2) the distance from the crops’ border (two meters or 30 meters) on carabid assemblages of crops. Tested variables comprised: activity-density, species richness, functional dispersion metrics (FDis) and proportions of carabids by functional categories (Diet: generalist predators/specialist predators/seed-eaters; Size: small/medium/large/very large; Breeding period: spring/autumn).

Results and Discussion

Carabid assemblages on the Principal Coordinate Analysis split in two groups: crops and EIs. Assemblages from all sampled EIs were dominated by mobile generalist predator species from open-land, reproducing in spring. Assemblages of hedges were poor in activity-density and species richness, contrarily to grassy and annual flower strips. Differences in carabid assemblages in crops were mainly driven by the presence of hedges. The presence of hedges diminished the Community Weighted Mean size of carabids in crops, due to an increased proportion of small (<5 mm) individuals, while distance from crops’ border favoured large (between 10–15 mm) carabids. Moreover, even if they were attracted by EIs, granivorous carabid species were rare in crops. Our results underlie the importance of local heterogeneity when adapting crops’ borders to enhance carabid diversity and question the relevance of hedge implantation in intensive agrolandscapes, disconnected from any coherent ecological network. Moreover, this study emphasizes the difficulty to modify functional assemblages of crops for purposes of ecosystem services development, especially for weed seed consumption, as well as the role of distance from the crops’ border in the shaping of crop carabid assemblages.
АНАЛИЗ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ СУБМЕЗОМАСШТАБНЫХ ВИХРЕЙ БАРЕНЦЕВА, КАРСКОГО И БЕЛОГО МОРЕЙ ПО ДАННЫМ СПУТНИКОВЫХ НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ, "ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ И ПРИКЛАДНАЯ ГИДРОФИЗИКА"
Authors: Атаджанова О.А. , ЗИМИН А.В.
Published: January 2020

Приведены обобщенные результаты исследования поверхностных проявлений субмезомасштабных вихрей в Баренцевом, Карском и Белом морях на основе анализа около 3.5 тысяч спутниковых радиолокационных изображений в безледный период за несколько лет в период с 2007 по 2012 гг. Для выявления общих черт субмезомасштабной вихревой активности на фоне процессов большего масштаба использовались данные по температуре поверхности моря, по которым оценивалось положение фронтальных зон, и сведения о приливных процессах за тот же период. На акваториях исследуемых морей было зарегистрировано около 4.5 тысяч структур. Показано, что субмезомасштабные вихри - распространенное явление в летний сезон на акватории описываемых морей. Чаще всего встречаются вихри диаметром 2-4 км. Установлено, что во всех морях преобладает циклонический тип проявлений вихрей, при этом размер антициклонических структур в среднем всегда больше. Максимальное число вихрей наблюдается в начальный период формирования сезонного приповерхностного пикноклина. Сопоставление положений поверхностных проявлений вихревых структур с положениями фронтальных зон и топографией дна показало, что частая встречаемость проявлений преимущественно отмечается вблизи и внутри областей изменчивости фронтальных зон, а также в районах со значительными неровностями дна. В районах подводных возвышенностей максимальное количество вихревых структур фиксировалось в период сизигийного прилива.
МЕЗОМАСШТАБНЫЕ ВИХРИ ЛОФОТЕНСКОЙ КОТЛОВИНЫ ПО СПУТНИКОВЫМ ДАННЫМ, "ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ И ПРИКЛАДНАЯ ГИДРОФИЗИКА"
Authors: Зинченко В.А. , Гордеева С.М. , Собко Ю.В. , Белоненко Т.В.
Published: January 2020

Изучаются мезомасштабные вихри Лофотенской котловины Норвежского моря. Алгоритм автоматической идентификации и трекинга вихрей применяется к спутниковым альтиметрическим данным. За период 1993- 2017 гг. в Лофотенской котловине выявлено 166 000 циклонических и 169 395 антициклонических случаев проявления мезомасштабных вихрей, к которым в дальнейшем была применена процедура связывания в треки. Дальнейший анализ производился по трекам долгоживущих (время жизни более 35 сут) вихрей: 120 циклонических и 210 антициклонических вихрей. Анализировалось пространственное распределение мезомасштабных вихрей в Лофотенской котловине, выделены очаги их генерации и диссипации, проведен статистический анализ их характеристик. Показано, что в Лофотенской котловине существуют различные районы проявления мезомасштабных вихрей, которые могут отражать разный механизм их образования: отрыв от Норвежского течения при его меандрировании и генерация вихрей непосредственно в Лофотенской котловине. Во фронтальной зоне Норвежского течения существуют три выраженные области формирования вихрей, откуда они смещаются на запад и северо-запад, формируя три основных траектории. Показано, что вблизи Лофотенского вихря доминируют антициклонические вихревые образования. Однако циклонические вихревые структуры вблизи Лофотенского вихря также встречаются в достаточном количестве и локализуются в окрестности двух точек с центрами 69.5° с.ш., 4° в.д. и 70° с.ш., 2.5° в.д. Эти циклонические вихри, как правило, являются долгоживущими и находятся в области с циклонической завихренностью, окружая Лофотенский вихрь (shielded vortex). Мезомасштабные вихри, приходящие в зону Лофотенского вихря извне, образуются преимущественно в области Норвежского течения и перемещаются, как правило, в циклоническом направлении. Применив алгоритм автоматической идентификации и трекинга вихрей, мы показали, что антициклонические мезомасштабные вихри в Лофотенской котловине образуются в большинстве своем во фронтальной зоне Норвежского течения, диссипируя не очень далеко от места своего образования, в то время как циклонические вихри могут образоваться в разных местах акватории Лофотенской котловины. В западной части котловины вихрей значительно меньше, чем в других ее частях.
К вопросу о начальном этапе изучения наводнений Невы, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Малова Т.И.
Published: January 2020

Существует версия о сооружении после наводнения Невы в 1715 г. «на валах» Петропавловской крепости футштока. Однако опирается эта версия всего лишь на краткие сведения И.Г. Георги (1790 г.). Из перевода оригинального текста не вполне ясно, какая крепость имеется в виду - Петропавловская и Адмиралтейская. На первый взгляд, рассматриваемый текст можно увязать только с «Петропавловской версией». Однако отсутствие у ее апологетов ссылок на источники, подтверждающие, что в 1715 г. «по указу Петра I» у стен Петропавловской крепости был установлен первый в России футшток, а также явное несоответствие этих утверждений известным фактам, предостерегают от поспешных выводов. В пользу «Адмиралтейской версии» говорят многие факты: создание при нем структуры - прообраза Адмиралтейств-Коллегии, на которую в дальнейшем были возложены уровнемерные наблюдения; необходимость уровнемерного обеспечения безопасного спуска судов на воду; особое внимание Петра I к морским атрибутам (иностранная практика предполагала оснащение крепостей и фортов футштоками). Кроме того, ни в одном из документов, свидетельствующих об организации в России первых инструментальных исследований природной среды, датированных ранее публикации И.Г. Георги, не было обнаружено даже упоминания о Петропавловском футштоке.
Голоценовая история азовского шельфа, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Матишов Г.Г. , Польшин В.В. , Титов В.В. , Шевердяев И.В.
Published: January 2020

В статье рассмотрены результаты изучения донных отложений и береговых разрезов Азовского моря, проведенного сотрудниками Южного научного центра РАН в последние годы. Анализ ранее известных и новых данных позволил уточнить палеогеографическую и палеоэкологическую обстановку в Приазовье в периоды регрессий (поздневалдайского времени, фанагорийской, корсунской) и трансгрессий (новоэвксинской, древнеазовской, нимфейской). На основании результатов литологических, сейсмоакустических, микропалеонтологических и археологических исследований и радиоуглеродных датировок сделан вывод, что главенствующая роль в формировании современного облика Азовского моря принадлежит трансгрессивно-регрессивному режиму морского бассейна. Установленные литологические и акустические границы по вертикали изученных разрезов соответствуют основным трансгрессивно-регрессивным этапам Азово-Черноморского бассейна. Интерпретация полученных данных позволила выявить новые особенности строения осадочной толщи голоценового возраста, а также более детально охарактеризовать не только современные условия седиментации, но и проследить их изменение на протяжении последних 6500 лет. В позднем голоцене площадь акватории Таганрогского залива была значительно расширена интенсивными процессами абразии, протекавшими на общем фоне трансгрессивного поднятия уровня моря. В результате за последние несколько тысяч лет менялись размеры залива, его глубина, конфигурация берегов, трансформировались очертания и расположение дельты реки Дон.
Опыт регистрации шквального ветра на взморье Дона, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Матишов Г.Г. , Валов Г.В. , Кириллова Е.Э.
Published: January 2020

Рассмотрена динамика и причины возникновения шквалистого, до 21 м/с, ветра, имевшего место 11 июля 2018 г. на взморье р. Дон, на основании полученных метеоданных. Проведен анализ порывистости и выделены три фазы развития шквалистого ветра. Сделан вывод о необходимости более детального изучения внезапных атмосферных явлений в условиях аридного климата. Также ввиду значительных отрицательных последствий таких явлений обоснована необходимость модернизации системы их регистрации и оповещения населения.
ЛИТОЛОГИЯ И БИОСТРАТИГРАФИЯ ГОЛОЦЕНОВЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ: ИТОГИ 15-ЛЕТНИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Матишов Г.Г. , Польшин В.В. , Ковалёва Г.В. , Титов В.В.
Published: January 2020

В статье приведены результаты экспедиционных исследований Южного научного центра Российской академии наук в Азовском море, проведенных в период с 2004 по 2018 г. В ходе комплексного изучения донных отложений различного возраста получены новые данные об условиях осадконакопления в этом мелководном водоеме в голоцене. Показана значительная изменчивость состава и строения донных отложений и береговых наносов как по простиранию, так и по вертикали изученных разрезов. Полученные данные непрерывного сейсмоакустического профилирования высокого разрешения подтверждают эрозионную природу образования Таганрогского залива, современная акватория которого была расширена интенсивными процессами абразии берегов палео-Дона, протекавшими на общем фоне трансгрессивного поднятия уровня моря в голоцене. При изучении кернов скважин, пробуренных на косах южного побережья Таганрогского залива, установлено, что аккумулятивные тела Очаковской и Чумбурской кос сложены отложениями возрастом от 5,5 тыс. лет и моложе.
Сезонная динамика численности и жизненный цикл Pseudocalanus minutus (Krayer, 1845) в южной части Баренцева моря, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Дворецкий В.Г. , Дворецкий А.Г.
Published: January 2020

Рассмотрены основные черты жизненного цикла и сезонного развития массовой планктонной копеподы Pseudocalanus minutus (Krayer, 1845) в Баренцевом море. Численность рачков максимальна летом, наименьшие показатели регистрируются зимой. На основе опубликованных и оригинальных данных построена схема реализации жизненного цикла вида в южной части Баренцева моря (район Кольского залива и прилегающие воды). На протяжении года формируется по меньшей мере два поколения рачков, то есть P minutus размножается в южной части Баренцева моря два раза в год: в начале весны и в начале осени. Первые самки с яйцевыми мешками в поверхностном планктоне южной части моря обнаруживаются с конца марта, в середине апреля начинается массовое размножение P minutus. Максимум численности молоди приходится на май - июнь. Количество яиц в яйцевом мешке у самок P minutus варьировало в довольно широких пределах (6-30 яиц на мешок) при среднем количестве 17 яиц на мешок. Экспериментальные работы показали, что в южной части Баренцева моря средняя суточная генеративная продукция изменялась от 6,6 (при 5 °С) до 8,6 (при 10 °С) яиц на самку за первые сутки наблюдений, впоследствии эти величины существенно понижались. Удельная генеративная продукция за первые сутки составила в среднем 19,8-26,8 % массы тела самки.
ДИССЕМИНИРОВАННЫЕ ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ЛЕГКИХ У БОЛЬНЫХ НА ПОЗДНИХ СТАДИЯХ ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИИ С ИММУНОСУПРЕССИЕЙ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Мишин Владимир Юрьевич , Мишина Анастасия Владимировна , Эргешов Атаджан Эргешович , Романов Владимир Викторович -
Published: January 2020

Представлены современные данные литературы по диссеминированным поражениям легких у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммуносупрессией. Рассмотрены наиболее актуальные вопросы диагностики и клинической картины диссеминированных поражений легких при различных вторичных заболеваниях, которые развиваются у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммуносупрессией. Практикующие фтизиатры, пульмонологи, инфекционисты, терапевты и врачи других специальностей должны знать о данной патологии для того, чтобы своевременно диагностировать диссеминированное поражение легких у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции, чтобы провести тщательное клиническое, комплексное лучевое, лабораторно-инструментальное обследование и выбрать адекватную дальнейшую тактику ведения и лечения больных. Наиболее частыми диссеминированными поражениями легких у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммуносупрессией являются туберкулез (ТБ), нетуберкулезные микобактериозы, пневмоцистная пневмония и атипичные пневмонии, вызванные вирусами, бактериями, грибами и паразитами.
Multicollinearity Effect in Regression Analysis: A Feed Forward Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: P. Obite C. , P. Olewuezi N. , U. Ugwuanyim G. , C. Bartholomew D.
Published: January 2020

In this study we compared the performance of Ordinary Least Squares Regression (OLSR) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in the presence of multicollinearity using two datasets – a real life insurance data and a simulated data – to know which of the methods, models a highly correlated dataset better using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as the performance measure. The ANN performed better than the OLSR model for all the different ANN models except the models with nine and ten nodes in the hidden layer for the real life data. The network with four hidden nodes was the best model. For the simulated data, the ANN model with two hidden nodes gave us the least RMSE when compared to the OLSR model and the other ANN models in the testing set. The network with two hidden nodes modelled the data very well. In the presence of multicollinearity, ANN model achieves a better fit and forecast than the OLSR.
Microbial Metabolites Powered by Nanoparticles could be Used as Pesticides in Future? (NanoBioPecdicides)
Authors: Dikbaş Neslihan , Tolga Cinisli Kağan
Published: January 2020

Aims: Pests are one of the factors that cause problems in plant production. Many methods are used in the fight against economically damaging insects. Mixtures of various substances are used to reduce the negative effects of harmful organisms and to control them. These substances, called pesticides, often have a chemical origin, because they have many direct and indirect damages to human and nature. In the future, thanks to the encapsulation of microbial metabolites into nanoparticles, it is likely that nano-biopesticides based on new nanobiotechnological methods will emerge as alternatives to conventional pesticides.

Opinion: Could the bacterial origin chitinase enzyme (Nano-Bio formulation) immobilize to zinc oxide nanoparticles be used against harmful insects in agricultural production in the future? Can it be used to break down the chitin structure in the intestinal cells of harmful insects, suppress intestinal enzymes that are important to insects (LDH, AT, AP) and cause death by breaking down the throat?

Call to the Future: New pesticide formulations can be created as a renewable natural product against plant pests using various protein structures that humans produce from microorganisms isolated from their gene sources. The stabilization of the product can be maintained by immobilizing the nanoparticles to increase the effectiveness of the pest. Thus, the risk potential of pollution created by traditional pesticides will be reduced. The use of Nano-bio pesticides will bring a different perspective in the field of industry. By establishing various production centres based on bioprocesses of renewable resources, it can lead to an effective struggle in agricultural production and increase global employment on a global scale.

What do we have to do?: As scientists, believing in the power of microorganisms, the investigation of the potential of microbial metabolites to be used as pesticides and their effectiveness and stability with nanoparticles is important for the 10-year process ahead.
A novel molecular link between HOXA9 and WNT6 in glioblastoma identifies a subgroup of patients with particular poor prognosis
Authors: Gonçalves Céline S. , Xavier‐Magalhães Ana , Martins Eduarda P. , Pinto Afonso A. , Pires Manuel Melo , Pinheiro Célia , Reis Rui M. , Sousa Nuno , Costa Bruno M.
Published: January 2020

Despite much effort to improve treatments, patients with malignant glioma still present a very poor prognosis that has not changed significantly in the last decades. In this context, it is crucial to better understand glioma pathogenesis to identify new molecular prognostic subgroups and therapeutic targets. WNT6 was recently identified as a new oncogenic molecule in glioblastoma (GBM), with prognostic value in patients, but the mechanisms underlying WNT6 aberrant expression in glioma are still unknown. WNT6 was overexpressed in a subset of gliomas independently of IDH mutations, 1p/19q codeletion status, and WNT6 gene copy number. Interestingly, WNT6 expression is associated with the DNA methylation levels of particular CpG regions at both the WNT6 promoter and the gene body in glioma patient samples. HOXA9, a transcription factor previously associated with poorer clinical outcome in GBM, was identified as a novel transcriptional regulator of WNT6, activating the WNT/β‐catenin pathway in vitro and in vivo. In various cohorts of glioma patients, mRNA levels of WNT6 and HOXA9 were significantly correlated, extending our in vitro and in vivo findings into the clinical setting. Interestingly, this novel molecular link between WNT6 and HOXA9 was not limited to glioma, as they were co‐expressed also in patients with other tumor types. Clinically, WNT6 was a prognostic biomarker of shorter survival in GBM, independently of HOXA9 expression. Concomitant high expression of both WNT6 and HOXA9 identified a subgroup of patients with particularly dismal survival. These findings describe novel WNT6 regulatory mechanisms in GBM, establishing particular DNA methylation patterns and HOXA9 as critical regulators of WNT6 expression in glioma. This HOXA9‐WNT6 molecular link supports WNT signaling in GBM cells and is a powerful prognostic biomarker, highlighting the clinical relevance of this axis in patients. Novel therapies targeting WNT6‐HOXA9 signaling may thus be useful for this deadly disease.
Comparison of radiation dose and image quality between flat panel computed tomography and multidetector computed tomography in a hybrid CT‐angiography suite
Authors: Jones Aaron K. , Odisio Bruno C.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare, using the same radiation dose and image quality metrics, flat panel computed tomography (FPCT) to multidetector CT (MDCT) in interventional radiology. A single robotic angiography system with FPCT was compared to a single MDCT system, both installed in a hybrid CT‐angiography laboratory and both operating under automatic exposure control. Radiation dose was measured on the central axis (Dc) of a CT dosimetry phantom 30 cm in diameter and 60 cm in length using default protocols for FPCT and MDCT with the imaged length in MDCT matched to the field of view of FPCT. The noise power spectrum (NPS), modulation transfer function (MTF), and z‐axis resolution were measured using the same phantom. Iodine contrast to noise ratio (CNR) was also measured. Radiation dose (Dc) was 41%–69% lower in MDCT compared to FPCT when default protocols and automatic exposure control were used. While spatial resolution could generally be matched with appropriate choice of kernel in MDCT, MTF dropped more quickly at higher spatial frequency for MDCT than FPCT. Image noise was 49%–120% higher for MDCT compared to FPCT for comparable in‐plane spatial resolution. Z‐axis resolution was slightly better for MDCT than FPCT, while iodine CNR depended on protocol selection. Radiation dose was much lower for MDCT compared to FPCT, but image noise was much higher. Matching image noise in MDCT to FPCT would result in similar radiation doses. Iodine contrast depended on dose modulation settings for MDCT.
SAMHSA to write new application for new SOR with stimulants included
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: January 2020

The addition of stimulants as an allowable use for State Opioid Response (SOR) grants will require a new application, which the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is working on, ADAW has learned. The change was in the FY 2020 appropriations bill passed last month by Congress (see ADAW, Dec. 23, 2019; “FY 2020 Appropriations: Stimulants added to SOR's $1.5 billion,” https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32573), along with funding for other SAMHSA programs, including the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment block grant (SAPT BG). After the bill passed before Christmas, Washington went away for the holidays.
Veto of New York buprenorphine PA bill angers advocates
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: January 2020

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo's veto on Jan. 1 of a bill that would have removed prior‐authorization barriers for all formulations of buprenorphine in the Medicaid program was greeted with dismay by the Legal Action Center and others who had fought hard for it. He did, however, sign a similar bill that removed prior‐authorization buprenorphine barriers for commercial insurance. So, it is only the poor who will be adversely affected.
V2O5 Textile Cathodes with High Capacity and Stability for Flexible Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu Yujing , Yang Mei , Huang Qiyao , Wang Dongrui , Yu Ranbo , Wang Jiangyan , Zheng Zijian , Wang Dan
Published: January 2020

Textile‐based energy‐storage devices are highly appealing for flexible and wearable electronics. Here, a 3D textile cathode with high loading, which couples hollow multishelled structures (HoMSs) with conductive metallic fabric, is reported for high‐performance flexible lithium‐ion batteries. V2O5 HoMSs prepared by sequential templating approach are used as active materials and conductive metallic fabrics are applied as current collectors and flexible substrates. Taking advantage of the desirable structure of V2O5 HoMSs that effectively buffers the volume expansion and alleviates the stress/strain during repeated Li‐insertion/extraction processes, as well as the robust flexible metallic‐fabric current collector, the as‐prepared fabric devices show excellent electrochemical performance and ultrahigh stability. The capacity retains a high value of 222.4 mA h g−1 at a high mass loading of 2.5 mg cm−2 even after 500 charge/discharge cycles, and no obvious performance degradation is observed after hundreds of cycles of bending and folding. These results indicate that V2O5 HoMSs/metallic‐fabric cathode electrode is promising for highly flexible lithium‐ion batteries.
Optical Properties and Photocarrier Dynamics of Bi2O2Se Monolayer and Nanoplates
Authors: Liu Shuangyan , Tan Congwei , He Dawei , Wang Yongsheng , Peng Hailin , Zhao Hui
Published: January 2020

A comprehensive experimental study on optical properties and photocarrier dynamics in Bi2O2Se monolayers and nanoplates is presented. Large and uniform Bi2O2Se nanoplates with various thicknesses down to the monolayer limit are fabricated. In nanoplates, a direct optical transition near 720 nm is identified by optical transmission, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopic measurements and is attributed to the transition between the valence and conduction bands in the Γ valley. Time‐resolved differential reflection measurements reveal ultrafast carrier thermalization and energy relaxation processes and a photocarrier recombination lifetime of about 200 ps in nanoplates. Furthermore, by spatially resolving the differential reflection signal, a photocarrier diffusion coefficient of about 4.8 cm2 s−1 is obtained, corresponding to a mobility of about 180 cm2 V−1 s−1. A similar direct transition is also observed in monolayer Bi2O2Se, suggesting that the states in the Γ valley do not change significantly with the thickness. The temporal dynamics of the excitons in the monolayer is quite different from the nanoplates, with a strong saturation effect and fast exciton–exciton annihilation at high densities. Spatially and temporally resolved measurements yield an exciton diffusion coefficient of about 20 cm2 s−1.
New Self‐Organization Route to Tunable Narrowband Optical Filters and Polarizers Demonstrated with ZnO–ZnWO4 Eutectic Composite
Authors: Osewski Paweł , Belardini Alessandro , Centini Marco , Valagiannopoulos Constantinos , Leahu Grigore , Li Voti Roberto , Tomczyk Monika , Alù Andrea , Pawlak Dorota A. , Sibilia Concita
Published: January 2020

Electromagnetic fields interacting with microscopic structural features in a composite material provide emerging optical properties that surpass those offered by the individual components. However, composite materials can be generally lossy due to the scattering effects induced by inhomogeneities at the interfaces between different compounds. To overcome such problems, complicated and costly manufacturing procedures, such as top‐down approaches, are generally required. In contrast, here ZnO–ZnWO4 eutectic self‐organized composites grown by the micropulling method are considered, displaying sharp and strongly polarized transmission at 397 nm. Such an optical response is notable because it is not observed in either ZnO or ZnWO4 single crystals. The optical response is due to the refractive index matching of the two constituents, which self‐organize into ordered structures via a micropulling down method. The optical behavior reported here can directly lead to applications, such as tunable narrowband filters with bandpass of 3 nm and polarizers, paving the way to a new self‐organization route for manufacturing optical components.
A 3D‐Printed Hybrid Nasal Cartilage with Functional Electronic Olfaction
Authors: Jodat Yasamin A. , Kiaee Kiavash , Vela Jarquin Daniel , De la Garza Hernández Rosakaren Ludivina , Wang Ting , Joshi Sudeep , Rezaei Zahra , de Melo Bruna Alice Gomes , Ge David , Mannoor Manu S. , Shin Su Ryon
Published: January 2020

Advances in biomanufacturing techniques have opened the doors to recapitulate human sensory organs such as the nose and ear in vitro with adequate levels of functionality. Such advancements have enabled simultaneous targeting of two challenges in engineered sensory organs, especially the nose: i) mechanically robust reconstruction of the nasal cartilage with high precision and ii) replication of the nose functionality: odor perception. Hybrid nasal organs can be equipped with remarkable capabilities such as augmented olfactory perception. Herein, a proof‐of‐concept for an odor‐perceptive nose‐like hybrid, which is composed of a mechanically robust cartilage‐like construct and a biocompatible biosensing platform, is proposed. Specifically, 3D cartilage‐like tissue constructs are created by multi‐material 3D bioprinting using mechanically tunable chondrocyte‐laden bioinks. In addition, by optimizing the composition of stiff and soft bioinks in macro‐scale printed constructs, the competence of this system in providing improved viability and recapitulation of chondrocyte cell behavior in mechanically robust 3D constructs is demonstrated. Furthermore, the engineered cartilage‐like tissue construct is integrated with an electrochemical biosensing system to bring functional olfactory sensations toward multiple specific airway disease biomarkers, explosives, and toxins under biocompatible conditions. Proposed hybrid constructs can lay the groundwork for functional bionic interfaces and humanoid cyborgs.
Molecular Engineering in Hole Transport π‐Conjugated Polymers to Enable High Efficiency Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Authors: Mubarok Muhibullah Al , Aqoma Havid , Wibowo Febrian Tri Adhi , Lee Wooseop , Kim Hyung Min , Ryu Du Yeol , Jeon Ju‐Won , Jang Sung‐Yeon
Published: January 2020

Organic p‐type materials are potential candidates as solution processable hole transport materials (HTMs) for colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) because of their good hole accepting/electron blocking characteristics and synthetic versatility. However, organic HTMs have still demonstrated inferior performance compared to conventional p‐type CQD HTMs. In this work, organic π‐conjugated polymer (π‐CP) based HTMs, which can achieve performance superior to that of state‐of‐the‐art HTM, p‐type CQDs, are developed. The molecular engineering of the π‐CPs alters their optoelectronic properties, and the charge generation and collection in CQDSCs using them are substantially improved. A device using PBDTTPD‐HT achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.53% with decent air‐storage stability. This is the highest reported PCE among CQDSCs using organic HTMs, and even higher than the reported best solid‐state ligand exchange‐free CQDSC using pCQD‐HTM. From the viewpoint of device processing, device fabrication does not require any solid‐state ligand exchange step or layer‐by‐layer deposition process, which is favorable for exploiting commercial processing techniques.
Toward Optimal Meat Consumption
Authors: Katare Bhagyashree , Wang H. Holly , Lawing Jonathan , Hao Na , Park Timothy , Wetzstein Michael
Published: January 2020

External cost from meat consumption raises an issue of possible government mechanisms toward mitigation. Economic theory provides a framework for determining the optimal set of mechanisms considering the associated benefits and costs. Such a theoretical development rests on consumers' responsiveness to alternative mechanisms. Considering two mechanisms, a Pigouvian tax and green‐label education, yields tandem theoretical optimal government mechanisms. Populating this theoretical model with empirically derived elasticities and other parameters provides an application. Results indicate education alone will likely not yield a high social‐optimal level of mitigation. Instead, if external costs warrant government mechanisms, a Pigouvian tax will be required to move consumption toward a socially optimal state.
Synergistic relationship between TSLP and IL‐33/ST2 signaling pathways in allergic rhinitis and the effects of hypoxia
Authors: Huang Ruofei , Mao Wei , Wang Guoliang , Ding Jian , Sun Ying , Gao Gang , Dong Ping , Sun Zhenfeng
Published: January 2020

Background

The World Health Organization (WHO) has noted that allergic diseases are a major health problem of the 21st century. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type I allergic disease characterized by nasal mucosa and immune system abnormalities. AR is mediated by various inflammatory cells and is mainly characterized by altered secretion of cytokines. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and the interleukin‐33/stimulation‐expressed gene 2 (IL‐33/ST2) signaling pathway are cytokines that play pivotal roles in many inflammatory responses and allergic reactions. There have been reports of interactions between the 2 pathways in many diseases. Hypoxia is a common pathologic manifestation of AR. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship and expressions and biologic functions of TSLP and IL‐33/ST2 in AR, and also to determine the effects of hypoxia on these cytokines.

Methods

The rat nasal mucosal epithelium was obtained from Wistar rats. Cells were cultured in groups under hypoxia and normoxia conditions. Identification of rat nasal epithelial cell (RNEpC) and protein expressions was done by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods. Cell proliferation and migration were examined using the cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and Transwell kit. Detection of apoptosis was tested using a fluorescence apoptosis kit. Enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis ELISA were used to measure cell secretion and protein expressions. For these experiments, TSLP was knocked down by lentivirus transfection and IL‐33 blocked with its antagonist.

Results

TSLP, IL‐33, and ST2 expressions were significantly higher in nasal mucosa epithelial cells from AR rats than in those from control rats. Hypoxia further promoted their expression. Increased TSLP and IL‐33/ST2 promoted cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and enhanced cell migration. In addition, the downregulation of TSLP expression effectively attenuated expression of the IL‐33/ST2 axis and, through use of IL‐33 antagonists, could also reduce TSLP expression, a synergistic effect more obvious under hypoxia.

Conclusion

Our data indicate that TSLP and IL‐33/ST2 signaling pathways interact with each other in the pathogenesis and pathologic development of AR. TSLP inhibition is a key factor in AR treatment. Inhibiting hypoxia‐induced pathologic processes could represent a therapeutic effect by inhibiting IL‐33/ST2 expression via downregulating TSLP.
Subtle variations in the structure of crosslinked epoxy networks and the impact upon mechanical and thermal properties
Authors: Reyes Larry Q. , Zhang Jane , Dao Buu , Nguyen Duc L. , Varley Russell J.
Published: January 2020

Presented here is an investigation of the structure–property relationships of crosslinked networks using three bi‐functional glycidyl ether aromatic epoxy resins, two bi‐aryl and one tri‐aryl, cured with bi‐ and tri‐aryl amines. Subtle changes to the monomer chemistry including changing aromatic substitution patterns from meta to para, methylene to isopropyl and isopropyl to ether were explored. Changing an epoxy resin backbone from methylene to isopropyl enhances backbone rigidity thus increasing glass transition temperature (Tg), yield strength, and strain despite reducing modulus. Changing meta‐substitution to para increases Tg and yield strain while leaving strength unaffected and reducing modulus. Changing isopropyl linkages to ether reduces modulus, strength, Tg, and yield strain reflecting increased molecular flexibility. Using three instead of two aromatic rings increases the molecular weight between crosslinks thereby decreasing Tg and yield strain while increasing modulus and strength. Despite the complexities of multiple systems for varying epoxy resins and amine hardeners, the effect upon network properties is explained in terms of short‐ and long‐range molecular and segmental mobility, crosslink density, and equilibrium packing density. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48874.
Synthesis and characterization of some new pyrazolines and their inhibitory potencies against carbonic anhydrases
Authors: Çelik Gonca , Arslan Tayfun , Şentürk Murat , Ekinci Deniz
Published: January 2020

The inhibition of the two human cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (hCA; EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes I and II with some new pyrazoline derivatives was investigated for the first time. The structures of the newly synthesized pyrazoline derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, 1H‐/13C‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Compounds 1–6 showed Ki values in the range of 16.4–205.9 nM for hCA I and of 6.08–93.21 nM against hCA II. These hydroxyl and amino group‐containing compounds generally were competitive inhibitors. The compounds investigated here showed effective hCA I and II inhibitory effects, in the same range as the clinically used acetazolamide, and might be used as leads for generating enzyme inhibitors, possibly targeting other CA isoforms that have not yet been assayed for their interactions with such agents.
Nonparametric estimation of the cumulative incidences of competing risks under double truncation
Authors: de Uña‐Álvarez Jacobo
Published: January 2020

Registry data typically report incident cases within a certain calendar time interval. Such interval sampling induces double truncation on the incidence times, which may result in an observational bias. In this paper, we introduce nonparametric estimation for the cumulative incidences of competing risks when the incidence time is doubly truncated. Two different estimators are proposed depending on whether the truncation limits are independent of the competing events or not. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are established, and their finite sample performance is investigated through simulations. For illustration purposes, the estimators are applied to childhood cancer registry data, where the target population is peculiarly defined conditional on future cancer development. Then, in our application, the cumulative incidences inform on the distribution by age of the different types of cancer.