bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Review: Outdoor Learning Across the Curriculum: Theory and Guidelines for Practice
Authors: Aguayo Judith Elisama
Published: June 2024

Background: The book “Outdoor Learning Across the Curriculum: Theory and Guidelines for Practice” is a guidebook written for those interested in utilizing outdoor settings for educational purposes. The second edition expands on the original text by including new perspectives and addressing outdoor learning in various settings, including day excursions and overnight stays. The text suggests that integrating outdoor education into the curriculum better prepares students for the challenges of the modern era. Purpose: This book review examines the author’s proposed theoretical frameworks that aims to assist educators in implementing outdoor teaching practices. Methodology/Approach: The authors use a combination of research synthesis, case studies, and practical guidance to demonstrate innovative approaches to outdoor learning. They provide examples that connect new ideas to familiar teaching practices. Findings/Conclusions: The book proposes outdoor education as an alternative teaching practice to address pressing issues such as climate change, pandemics, social inequality, and mental and physical health. Implications: Beames et al's work contributes to the broader conversation on education and sustainability, advocating for a more holistic approach to teaching that prepares students to be responsible beings of the world.
Measuring Children’s Reward and Punishment Sensitivity: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Contingency Response Rating Scale
Authors: Waschbusch Daniel A. , Cao Vanessa T. , Shroff Delshad M. , Bansal Pevitr S. , Willoughby Michael T.
Published: June 2024

Existing research shows that children’s responses to rewards and punishments are essential for understanding attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and callous-unemotional traits. The present study developed the Contingency Response Rating Scale (CRRS) to fulfill the need for a reliable and valid measure of children’s contingency response style that is brief, easy to use in applied settings, and provides additional information to existing clinical measures. We examined the psychometric properties of the CRRS in a sample of 196 children (ages 5–12), most of whom were referred to evaluate attention and behavior problems in an outpatient clinic. Using principal axis factoring, we identified five factors: (a) punishment ineffectiveness, (b) reward ineffectiveness, (c) punishment dysregulation, (d) reward dysregulation, and (e) contingency insensitivity. The subscales based on these factors showed acceptable test–retest and internal consistency reliability, and scale intercorrelations varied from low to moderate. The subscales also captured significant variance not explained by child or parent demographics and were associated with measures of psychopathology and impairment. The results provide preliminary evidence that the CRRS may be a helpful tool for assessing reward and punishment sensitivity in children with attention and behavior problems.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Macules, Papules, and Bullae
Authors: Vossos Helene , Delgado Patricia M.
Published: June 2024

Objective:

The objective of this discussion paper is to illuminate the importance of early identification and treatment of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). SJS/TEN may occur as quickly as 4 days, more commonly 4 to 8 weeks after starting a new medication and early identification is essential.

Methods:

A review of literature revealed there is a lack of diagnostic awareness related to the clinical presentation and diverse populations at risk for this devastating syndrome.

Results:

A Boolean search was conducted, and six quantitative and qualitative research articles were discovered that indicate a knowledge disparity between “rash” versus SJS/TEN. Research indicates evidence-based best clinical practices for nurses and health care practitioners for assessment of risks, clinical presentation, and treatment.

Conclusions:

Prompt diagnosis and discontinuation of the suspected medication will reduce potential life-threatening sequelae.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mortality disparities across different sexes, races, and geographic locations
Authors: Tan Jia Yi , Yeo Yong Hao , Patel Aharnish , Chan Kok Hoe , Chisti Mohammad Muhsin , Ezekwudo Daniel E
Published: June 2024

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common hematological cancers in the United States. The mortality rate of NHL in the United States is the sixth highest among all cancers. Our cross-sectional study aims to examine the trends and disparity in NHL mortality. We analyzed death certificate data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) United States to determine the NHL mortality trends among the U.S. population aged ≥15 years. NHL (ICD-10 C82-85) was listed as the underlying cause of death. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 individuals and joinpoint trend analysis were performed to determine the average annual percent change (AAPC) in AAMR trends. From 1999 to 2020, NHL accounted for 457,143 deaths in the United States, of which 54% are men and 46% are women. The NHL AAMR decreased significantly from 10.59 to 6.21 per 100,000 individuals with an AAPC of −2.55. Men had a higher AAMR than women (10.10 vs 6.29 per 100,000 individuals). Whites recorded the highest AAMR (8.43 per 100,000 individuals), followed by Hispanics (6.32 per 100,000 individuals), Blacks (5.71 per 100,000 individuals), American Indians (5.31 per 100,000 individuals), and Asians (5.10 per 100,000 individuals). Those who lived in the Midwest and the rural areas had the highest AAMR at 8.60 and 8.35 per 100,000 individuals respectively. Despite the declining NHL mortality rate, this study calls for targeted intervention to improve outcomes for susceptible individuals affected by NHL.
Families with multiple individuals with acute leukemia in their pedigrees
Authors: Wiernik Peter H , Blakley Matthew P , Dutcher Janice P
Published: June 2024

Forty-one families with multiple cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL), or both are presented. The families were randomly collected from physicians, genetic counselors, and other sources. Medical records were collected and reviewed for all families. In 17 of the families, a parent and child with acute leukemia were identified; and in 15 of the pairs, the parent and child were of the same sex. Nine grandparent–grandchild affected pairs with AML-AML were identified, occurring in six families, and six of those pairs were also of the same sex. Anticipation was a common feature of these multigenerational pairs. Twenty families were identified with multiple siblings (none twins) with acute leukemia. This includes 16 sibling pairs and 4 sibling triples. The members of each sibling pair in the AML-AML group and in the B-ALL-B-ALL group were generally of roughly the same age. Curiously, this is not true of those in the AML-B-ALL group. Four of the 41 families had contributions to more than 1 family relationship category. Although inheritance in familial acute leukemia has usually been consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern, these data suggest that an X chromosome gene may be involved in some cases, perhaps in the pseudoautosomal region of the X chromosome as we have reported in familial Hodgkin lymphoma.
L-Shaped Associations Between Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Min Xinting , Kong Xiufang , Wang Wei
Published: June 2024

Background

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hearing loss (HL). Dietary intake is a modifiable factor that could influence the oxidant and antioxidant capacity. We hypothesized that a higher composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) is associated with a reduced odds for HL.

Methods

Adult participants from the 2001–2012 & 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Study were included in this cross-sectional study. The CDAI was calculated from vitamins A, C, E, selenium, zinc, and caretenoid through 24-h dietary recall. Outcomes were HL, speech frequency HL (SFHL), and high frequency HL (HFHL). The associations between CDAI and HL, SFHL, and HFHL were evaluated by weighted multivariable logistic regression.

Results

CDAI was associated with lower odds of HL (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.95–1.00, p = .043) and SFHL (OR = 0.97, 95%CI 0.95–1.00, p = .041), but not HFHL (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.96–1.00, p = .118) after adjustment for confounders. The multivariable-adjusted model showed a significant trend toward decreased risk of HL, SFHL, and HFHL with increasing CDAI quartile (all p for trend < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis suggested that the associations between CDAI and HL, SFHL, and HFHL were L-shaped, with inflection points of CDAI at −0.61, 2.33, and 4.32, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that participants with exposure to loud noise benefited from a higher CDAI for SFHL ( p for interaction = 0.039).

Conclusion

Higher CDAI is associated with reduced odds of HL and SFHL in the U.S. adult population and serves as a promising intervention target to be further explored in prospective longitudinal studies in the future.
Practical recommendations for addressing the psychological needs of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in England: A literature and service review
Authors: Yim See Heng , Said Glorianne , King Dorothy
Published: June 2024

Background

Globally, there is an increasing trend of forcibly displaced people, of which over 40% are children. Unaccompanied asylum-seeking children (UASC) are at risk of experiencing psychological distress and developing mental health difficulties. However, in the UK, the approach from statutory mental health services is inconsistent across different geographical areas.

Aim

This report outlines recommendations for statutory mental health services in the UK in relation to working with UASC.

Method

A rapid evaluation method was adopted including interviewing fifteen key informants as well as reviewing existing clinical guidelines. Key informants included clinicians, service managers, social workers and commissioners from Local Authorities, National Health Services, and third sector partners. Recommendations were synthesised using narrative synthesis.

Results and conclusion

Existing service provision and barriers to the implementation of interventions were summarised and compared against existing guidelines. The report presents recommendations on assessments, screening tools, and psychological interventions for developing a pathway for UASC within statutory services.
Effectiveness of technology-assisted vs face-to-face cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression in children and young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bevilacqua Leonardo , Fox-Smith Lana , Lampard Olivia , Rojas Natalia , Zavitsanou Georgia , Meiser-Stedman Richard , Beazley Peter
Published: June 2024

Background: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) has been proven to be effective for anxiety and depression in children and young people (CYP). Over the past 20 years there have been several attempts at delivering CBT through apps, online software, videogames, but also with a therapist via phone or videoconferencing platforms, with promising results for the “technology-assisted” versions. However, most research, have compared online CBT to waiting lists, and not many studies looked at the effectiveness of face-to-face (f2f) CBT versus technology-assisted CBT. Methods: Adopting the PRISMA guidelines, we evaluated 1849 citations and identified 10 eligible studies. Studies were identified through the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: Ten studies met our inclusion criteria. The studies included a variety of technology-assisted forms of CBT, including videoconferencing and online CBT. Of these, seven looked at the effectiveness of technology-assisted CBT for anxiety in CYP, and seven looked at depression. The meta-analyses had low heterogeneity and showed that technology-assisted CBT was non-inferior to f2f CBT for anxiety and depression in CYP ( d = 0.06 and 0.12 respectively). Conclusions: Technology-assisted CBT may be a valid alternative for the treatment of anxiety and depression in CYP. Future studies should consider what specific delivery modalities are most cost-effective.
Development and validation of the caregiver-report version of the international grief questionnaire (IGQ-CG): Results from a Ukrainian sample of parents
Authors: Redican Enya , Shevlin Mark , Hyland Philip , Karatzias Thanos , Martsenkovskyi Dmytro , Ben-Ezra Menachem
Published: June 2024

The International Grief Questionnaire (IGQ) is a self-report measure of ICD-11 Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) in adults. This study sought to develop and validate a caregiver-report version of the IGQ for children and adolescents aged 7–17 years; the IGQ-Caregiver Version (IGQ-CG). 639 parents living in Ukraine provided data on themselves and one child in their household as part of the “ The Mental Health of Parents and Children in Ukraine Study: 2023 Follow-up” study. The latent structure of the scale was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while convergent validity was assessed through associations with other mental health correlates. Prevalence rates of probable ICD-11 PGD were estimated. CFA results supported a correlated two-factor model (‘core’ and ‘associated’ symptoms) and the internal reliability of the scale scores were acceptable. Convergent validity was supported through significant correlations with internalizing symptoms, while contact with the deceased, time since bereavement, and parental PGD were associated with higher scores on the IGQ-CG latent variables. The prevalence of probable ICD-11 PGD was 1.4%, and amongst those with a lifetime bereavement, the conditional rate was 3.2%. The IGQ-CG produces reliable and valid scores for ICD-11 PGD symptoms in children and adolescents as reported by their caregivers.
Wind field reconstruction and optimal anemometer placement for long span bridges
Authors: Li Shu-Meng , Xu You-Lin , Jiang Shang-Jun
Published: June 2024

For long span bridges located in coastal areas, a limited number of anemometers are often installed on the bridge to monitor wind conditions and wind effects. To make best use of wind information from limited anemometers, this paper proposes a wind field reconstruction method, based on wind conditional simulation method with the iteration of coherence function along the bridge deck, for providing a complete wind field for the bridge. In terms of wind field reconstruction method, this paper further investigates the optimal anemometer placement for obtaining the best wind field reconstruction with the least number of anemometers. The proposed two methods are finally applied to a real long suspension bridge equipped with three anemometers on one side of the bridge to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the methods. The results show that the reconstructed wind field not only matches with the measured wind speed histories and spectrums but also provides the best wind coherence function, wind speed histories, and wind spectrums for the entire bridge deck. The results also show that with the limited number of anemometers installed at appropriate positions relative to the bridge deck, the wind field can be reconstructed satisfactorily.
Arts employability and extracurricular communities of practice: A case study of the University of Melbourne’s creative community connections
Authors: Goodwin Kim , Vincent Caitlin
Published: June 2024

Developing student employability is a key strategy within institutions of higher education, particularly for students in creative industries where labour market supply has outpaced employer demand. Existing literature shows that activities that promote communities of practice offer clear employability benefits for students. However, such activities are often centred within university curriculum or driven by career development units with limited student engagement. This article considers an alternative approach, an academically-supported career community delivered as an extracurricular activity within an arts and cultural management graduate program at the University of Melbourne. Drawing on program metrics and an anonymous survey of participants in the program’s pilot iteration, we find evidence of a flexible career community built around the intelligent career theory tenets of knowing how and knowing whom, in which participants experienced positive and discipline-specific impacts related to employability and increased self-confidence in approaching the arts and cultural labour market.
Vicarious Growth, Traumatization, and Event Centrality in Loved Ones Indirectly Exposed to Interpersonal Trauma: A Scoping Review
Authors: Willcott-Benoit Whitney , Cummings Jorden A.
Published: June 2024

It is well-known that interpersonal traumatic events can impact the physical and mental health of those indirectly exposed to the events. Less studied are populations of loved ones who have been indirectly exposed to interpersonal trauma. We conducted a scoping review to synthesize literature related to potential consequences of indirect interpersonal trauma exposure, specifically vicarious traumatization (VT) and vicarious posttraumatic growth (VPTG). We used the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Inclusion criteria included: (1) participants were indirectly exposed to the interpersonal trauma of a loved one in adulthood, (2) discussion of VT, VPTG, or related terms, (3) published peer-reviewed empirical journal articles, and (4) available in English. We used a three-step search strategy to find relevant articles. Keywords found from the first two steps were entered into PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Reference lists of the included articles were also examined. The identified articles were then screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-eight articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-six articles referenced VT or related terms, one referenced VPTG, and one referenced vicarious trauma keywords. Results of this scoping review are summarized by definitions, measures, key findings, and knowledge gaps. Future research should focus on vocabulary management, diverse samples, and VPTG in this population, including the identification or creation of appropriate measures.
Cross-Cultural Course and Service-Learning Study-Away: A Means to Transformative Learning
Authors: Giambo Debra A. , Garrido Luis E.
Published: June 2024

Course-based, service-learning, study-away opportunities for university students can result in transformational learning for students. Within the context of Mezirow’s transformative learning theory (2008), this study explored university students’ perceptions of a course-based, service-learning, study-away experience in a culture greatly different from their own. Students participated in a semester-long course with a spring break service-learning study-away experience in the Zuni Pueblo, an indigenous community in New Mexico. Data included individual and group reflections during and after the trip as well as post-graduation (i.e., 3.5–4.5 years after the course). Student reflections indicate that course-based, service-learning, study-away experiences for university students, especially one that provides cross-cultural experiences, can result in transformative learning that may have lasting personal and professional effects. The results of this project may be used by faculty and administrators in academia to provide creative, comprehensive, and transformational intercultural opportunities for students, helping to create leaders in their fields.
Hazardous Heritage Within the War Heritage Institute
Authors: Van de Voorde Saskia , Vangansewinkel Zoë-Joy
Published: June 2024

Within the War Heritage Institute’s collections there are objects and parts of objects that pose a potential risk to staff and visitors to the various sites. Not all objects are easily identified as potentially dangerous and not everyone is aware of what could be potentially dangerous. To raise awareness especially among the staff working with the collections and also to alert visitors to the depots about the potential dangers, Van de Voorde Saskia and Vangansewinkel Zoë-Joy have prepared a poster to clearly display these dangers. Although this poster is currently limited to the objects within the War Heritage Institute’s textile collections, an attempt is made to indicate as clearly as possible the potential dangers and how to protect oneself from these dangers within the collection. The ambition is to also identify potentially dangerous objects in the future within other collections of the War Heritage Institute.
Characterizing the Timing of Surgical Repair of Congenital Hand Differences in the United States
Authors: Cummings Olivia W. , Koh Daniel J. , Gong Jungho , Baranwal Navya , Sobti Nikhil , Kalliainen Loree
Published: June 2024

Background: Suggested timing of reconstruction of congenital hand differences varies widely. The goal of timely intervention is to achieve near-normal appearance and function. We evaluated national trends in surgical timing of congenital hand differences to determine whether interventions align with the literature. Methods: Recommended ages for surgical reconstruction were identified. The Pediatric National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database was queried from 2012 to 2020 for children who underwent surgery for simple syndactyly (SS), complex syndactyly (CS), polydactyly, or congenital trigger finger. Subgroup analysis was conducted to assess whether the surgeon’s subspecialty (plastic surgery vs orthopedic surgery, pediatric vs generalist) influenced the timing of repair. Results: Congenital trigger finger and CS reconstructions occurred largely within the recommended age range (73.8% and 52.2%, respectively). Polydactyly repairs primarily occurred earlier than the recommendations (54.0%). Timing of SS reconstruction was split, either occurring before (44.3%) or after (41.4%) the recommendations. For children with polydactyly, plastic surgeons were more likely to perform polydactyly reconstruction at a younger age compared with orthopedic surgeons ( P = .0001). Conclusions: Established expert recommendations for the treatment of congenital hand differences are largely not followed in practice in the United States. This suggests that practice patterns may not be determined by the surgical literature.
HeRO graft—The results of the cologne single center study
Authors: Matoussevitch Vladimir , Dorweiler Bernhard , Kalmykov Egan
Published: June 2024

Objective

The HeRO graft is a technique for vascular access in patients with limited treatment options; however, the published results with the HeRO graft are diverging. We therefore conducted a single-center study.

Methods

Patient records between July 2014 and February 2020 from Vascular Access Unit of the Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of University Clinic of Cologne (Germany) were reviewed. Retrospective data was analysed from patients with a HeRo graft ( n = 18).

Results

Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 62.8 ± 17.24 years. During the follow-up period, no patients died from complications related to the HeRO graft. Each patient had a mean of 1.94 concomitant diseases. The primary patency rates of the HeRO graft at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months were 61.1%, 50%, 16.7%, 11.1%, and 5.6%, respectively. The secondary patency rates at the same time intervals were 77.8%, 72.8%, 55.6% 55.6%, and 55.6%, respectively. There were 44 re-operations per year, or 2.4 operations per patient. The main cause of acute complications was acute graft occlusions after HERO graft implantation. An infection after the graft implantation occurred in five (27.7%) patients, leading to graft explanation in 2 cases.

Conclusion

The use of the HERO graft is a valuable alternative method for providing a durable dialysis access in patients with limited access options. The secondary patency and survival are good with a low infection rate.
Enhanced recovery after caesarean section: Implementation of an ERAC protocol in a tertiary obstetric hospital
Authors: Crandon Rian , Storr Nicholas , Padhy Sofia , Parker Paula , Lun Stacey , Hughes Ian , Pietrobuono Melissa , Carter Paula
Published: June 2024

Objective:

Assess safety and efficacy of an Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean protocol.

Background:

Caesarean sections are among the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide, but have been associated with postoperative chronic pain and opioid abuse.

Methods:

ASA 2 females, over 18 years, non-primiparous, repeat elective LSCS. Primary outcomes were length of stay and opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes were pain scores, functional assessment scores, pruritus, nausea and vomiting.

Results:

A total of 579 women divided into standard care (389 patients) and enhanced recovery after caesarean groups (190 patients). Enhanced recovery after caesarean associated with reduced length of stay, 50.8 hours (interquartile range 48.6, 53.6) versus 72.2 hours (interquartile range 53.2, 75.7) in standard care. Enhanced recovery after caesarean associated with reduced opioid consumption, median 10 (interquartile range 0, 27.5mg) versus 120mg (interquartile range 90, 145mg) in standard care at 24 hours and 30 (interquartile range 7.7, 67.5mg) versus 177.5mg (interquartile range 132.5, 222.5 mg) at 48 hours. Pain scores reduced from moderate to mild in the enhanced recovery after caesarean. functional assessment scores trend towards improved function in the enhanced recovery after caesarean group (Functional assessment scores B 8.9% in enhanced recovery after caesarean versus 147% in standard care). Increased pruritus in the enhanced recovery after caesarean with 41.6% compared with 9.3% in standard care. Nausea and vomiting increased in enhanced recovery after caesarean group 48.9% versus 11.6% in standard care.

Conclusion:

Enhanced recovery after caesarean associated with a reduction in length of stay, opioid consumption and improved pain scores with an increase in side effects.
Activating memory of Manus through strands of basket-making: A conversation with Nayahamui Rooney
Authors: Rooney Nayahamui , Black Shameem
Published: June 2024

This conversation explores themes of memory, activism, and the arts through the scholarship, poetry, and practice of Nayahamui Rooney. In a range of interdisciplinary work, Rooney, a Papua New Guinean woman, has analyzed key issues of power, violence, justice, and voice in Papua New Guinea. In this interview, Rooney reflects on how her journey to become a maker of baskets on Manus Island informed her understanding of the political and social dynamics of memory, especially in the context of Australia’s decision to base a regional processing center for asylum seekers on Manus Island in the first decades of the twenty-first century. The interview explores how the relationships among basket-making, collective memory, interdisciplinary scholarship, and political activism can emerge in non-linear and recursive ways in response to changing political discourses. It concludes by reflecting on how the scholarship of today can lay the groundwork for a more inclusive collective memory that will be needed in the future.
IGF-1 Mediated Neuroprotective Effects of Olfactory-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Auditory Hair Cells
Authors: Lammers Marc J. W. , Young Emily , Yanai Anat , Viringipurampeer Ishaq A. , Le Trung N. , Straatman Louise V. , Westerberg Brian D. , Gregory-Evans Kevin
Published: June 2024

Importance

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capability of providing ongoing paracrine support to degenerating tissues. Since MSCs can be extracted from a broad range of tissues, their specific surface marker profiles and growth factor secretions can be different. We hypothesized that MSCs derived from different sources might also have different neuroprotective potential.

Objective

In this study, we extracted MSCs from rodent olfactory mucosa and compared their neuroprotective effects on auditory hair cell survival with MSCs extracted from rodent adipose tissue.

Methods

Organ of Corti explants were dissected from 41 cochlea and incubated with olfactory mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) and adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). After 72 hours, Corti explants were fixed, stained, and hair cells counted. Growth factor concentrations were determined in the supernatant and cell lysate using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Results

Co-culturing of organ of Corti explants with OMSCs resulted in a significant increase in inner and outer hair cell stereocilia survival, compared to control. Comparisons between both stem cell lines, showed that co-culturing with OMSCs resulted in superior inner and outer hair cell stereocilia survival rates over co-culturing with AMSCs. Assessment of growth factor secretions revealed that the OMSCs secrete significant amounts of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Co-culturing OMSCs with organ of Corti explants resulted in a 10-fold increase in IGF-1 level compared to control, and their secretion was 2 to 3 times higher compared to the AMSCs.

Conclusions

This study has shown that OMSCs may mitigate auditory hair cell stereocilia degeneration. Their neuroprotective effects may, at least partially, be ascribed to their enhanced IGF-1 secretory abilities compared to AMSCs.
The distant present (faraway, so close!)
Authors: Addie Jean-Paul D.
Published: June 2024

Datta's concept of ‘distant time’ offers a multi-faceted lens to interrogate the construction of urban futures. In this commentary, I critically examine how the concept is framed and mobilized, drawing attention to issues of temporal extensiveness, topological temporality, and embodied time. While recognizing the analytic power of distant time to expose techniques of temporal distancing and document deep connections between social, ecological, and technological times, I suggest that open questions remain regarding the parameters of temporal justice and possibilities for collective political action beyond temporal arbitrage.
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma – rare diagnosis in a Caucasian woman: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gorman William , Shehata Monica , Bashir Mohamed Ryan , Zhang Yu Zhi , Wassilew Katharina , AlShammari Abdullah , Buderi Silviu , Jordan Simon
Published: June 2024

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare benign pulmonary tumour, most reported cases of PSP are from Eastern Asia, with a female to male ratio of 5:1, and average age at diagnosis in the 5th decade. We present the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian woman diagnosed with PSP who underwent a left lower lobe basal segmentectomy with systematic nodal dissection, performed via video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).
“Anchoring Effect” of Privacy in Targeted Persuasive Advertising Competition
Authors: Zhang Yuxiang , Zhong Weijun
Published: June 2024

Consumer privacy information is used to target persuasive advertising in E-commerce, which raises consumer privacy concern. Consumer privacy concern is relative to consumer’s intrinsic privacy concern and social concern over the application of consumer privacy information, known as the anchoring effect of privacy. The anchoring effect of privacy influences targeted persuasive advertising competition. With a game-theoretical model, this paper studies how asymmetric duopolistic firms compete with targeted persuasive advertising considering the anchoring effect of privacy. The results indicate that when the advantageous firm increases its advertising level, the advantageous firm gets more profit, and the disadvantageous firm gets less profit only if the anchoring effect of privacy is greater than zero. Otherwise, the disadvantageous firm gets more profit, but the advantageous firm gets less profit. Then, in equilibrium, the increase in the expected anchoring effect of privacy, expected consumer’s intrinsic privacy concern, and advertising influence power reinforce the competition asymmetry. Whereas, the increase in social concern over the application of consumer privacy information weakens the competition asymmetry.
A Parcel Level Housing Conditions Survey in Academic and Civil Context
Authors: Wilson Neal J. , Bowles Douglas
Published: June 2024

There is a growing awareness that the condition of the built environment has a substantial impact on health. Systematic housing conditions surveys are a method for developing information about the physical condition of housing. This paper introduces the Center for Economic Information’s (CEI) Neighborhood Housing Conditions Survey (NHCS). We discuss the history and implementation of the NHCS in light of other academic and civic housing conditions surveys. The paper also reviews the history and method of the NHCS. We find that housing conditions surveys are generally designed from scratch for each new research program, translating survey results into policy remains underdeveloped in the scholarly literature, and heterogeneity between surveys reduces the ability to compare observations across space and time. The NHCS may address some of these issues, suitable as an “off the shelf” template, adjustable to suit programmatic needs, and providing a baseline consistency across space and time.
Sectoral Comparison of Sustainable Digital Financial Inclusion of Women Workforce with the Mediation of Digital Banking Adoption Intention: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Gupta Minu , Kiran Ravi
Published: June 2024

The study aims to examine the degree of Sustainable Digital Financial Inclusion (SDFI) of women workforce of Banking sector and IT sector. Banking sector imparts the knowledge of Digital Banking (DB), and IT sector develops DB applications. This research is motivated by the void left by previous researchers in understanding the determinants of Digital Banking Adoption Intention (DBAI) by female employees; as their digital inclusivity influences the DFI of common women. The study uses UTAUT2 model and PLS-SEM was applied on the 257 responses collected through structured questionnaires. Results show that female bankers have higher SDFI as compared to female IT employees due to mediation of DBAI between Drivers influencing DB and SDFI. The study contributes by clubbing the technological and financial sector. The study suggests the higher management of Banks and IT firms for recruitment and training of women personnel in DB adoption and DB application development, respectively.
No Evidence of Reliability Across 36 Variations of the Emotional Dot-Probe Task in 9,600 Participants
Authors: Xu Irene , Passell Eliza , Strong Roger W. , Grinspoon Elizabeth , Jung Laneé , Wilmer Jeremy B. , Germine Laura T.
Published: June 2024

The emotional dot-probe task is a widely used measure of attentional bias to threat. Recent work suggests, however, that subtraction-based behavioral measures of emotional dot-probe performance may not be appropriate for measuring such attentional biases because of poor reliability. In the two current studies, we systematically tested 36 versions of the emotional dot-probe task that varied in stimuli (faces, scenes, snakes/spiders), timing (stimulus onset asynchrony of 100 ms, 500 ms, 900 ms), stimulus orientation (horizontal, vertical), and trial types (e.g., threat congruent and threat incongruent). Across 9,600 participants, none of the 36 versions demonstrated internal reliability greater than zero. Reliability was similarly poor in anxious participants (based on Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 items or Brief Hypervigilance Scale). We conclude that the standard behavioral scores (difference scores based on reaction time or accuracy) derived from the emotional dot-probe task are not adequately reliable measures of attentional biases to threat in anxious or nonanxious populations.
CSF and plasma biomarkers in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A single-center study and a systematic review/meta-analysis
Authors: Theodorou Aikaterini , Tsantzali Ioanna , Stefanou Maria-Ioanna , Sacco Simona , Katsanos Aristeidis H , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Karapanayiotides Theodoros , Koutroulou Ioanna , Stamati Polyxeni , Werring David J , Cordonnier Charlotte , Palaiodimou Lina , Zompola Christina , Boviatsis Efstathios , Stavrinou Lampis , Frantzeskaki Frantzeska , Steiner Thorsten , Alexandrov Andrei V , Paraskevas Georgios P , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

There are limited data regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarkers among patients with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA). We sought to investigate the levels of four biomarkers [β-amyloids (Aβ42 and Aβ40), total tau (tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau)] in CAA patients compared to healthy controls (HC) and patients with Alzheimer Disease (AD).

Patients and methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies, including also a 5 year single-center cohort study, with available data on CSF and plasma biomarkers in symptomatic sporadic CAA versus HC and AD was conducted. Biomarkers’ comparisons were investigated using random-effects models based on the ratio of mean (RoM) biomarker concentrations. RoM < 1 and RoM > 1 indicate lower and higher biomarker concentration in CAA compared to another population, respectively.

Results:

We identified nine cohorts, comprising 327 CAA patients (mean age: 71 ± 5 years; women: 45%) versus 336 HC (mean age: 65 ± 5 years; women: 45%) and 384 AD patients (mean age: 68 ± 3 years; women: 53%) with available data on CSF biomarkers. CSF Aβ42 levels [RoM: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.36–0.62; p < 0.0001], Aβ40 levels [RoM: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.63–0.79; p < 0.0001] and the ratio Aβ42/Aβ40 [RoM: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39–0.98; p = 0.0438] differentiated CAA from HC. CSF Aβ40 levels [RoM: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64–0.83; p = 0.0003] differentiated CAA from AD. CSF tau and p-tau levels differentiated CAA from HC [RoM: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.41–2.09; p = 0.0002 and RoM: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.20–1.73; p = 0.0014, respectively] and from AD [RoM: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.58–0.72; p < 0.0001 and RoM: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.57–0.71; p < 0.0001, respectively]. Plasma Aβ42 [RoM: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.89–1.45; p = 0.2079] and Aβ40 [RoM: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.91–1.25; p = 0.3306] levels were comparable between CAA and HC.

Conclusions:

CAA is characterized by a distinct CSF biomarker pattern compared to HC and AD. CSF Aβ40 levels are lower in CAA compared to HC and AD, while tau and p-tau levels are higher in CAA compared to HC, but lower in comparison to AD patients.
Development of an intelligent evolution algorithm for open pit mines’ long-term production scheduling using the concept of block aggregation
Authors: Azadi Nooshin , Mirzaei-Nasirabad Hossein
Published: June 2024

The method described for production scheduling in this study is a simultaneous use of a clustering algorithm with a genetic algorithm (GA). The aggregating algorithm presented in this study aims to control the concentration of operations and the cluster size, which is evaluated using the Silhouette criterion. The fitness function and the chromosome length in the GA have differences from the usual one. The results showed the number of binary variables in a mixed-integer linear programming model was reduced by 78.5% based on the created clusters. Although the aggregated model's net present value (NPV) is decreased by 7%, the solution time significantly dropped from 3 h to 43.1 s. Also, compared to the non-clustering block model, the aggregated block model's NPV, obtained by GA, was improved.
Database of tall pre-Northridge steel moment frames for earthquake performance evaluations
Authors: Galvis Francisco A , Deierlein Gregory G , Molina Hutt Carlos
Published: June 2024

This article describes a detailed database of tall steel moment frame buildings that are representative of the construction practices in San Francisco prior to the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The database contains design details that affect the structural performance of steel moment frames, including frame geometry, member cross-section sizes, and gravity system characteristics. This database also captures irregularities that might impact seismic response, such as podiums, setbacks, mass concentrations (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) floors), interrupted column lines, and atriums. The database includes information on 89 moment frame buildings, 14 of which were built before 1960 and are constructed with riveted connections, while the remaining 75 have welded flange connections like those that suffered brittle fracture during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. The buildings are further distinguished between space frame, perimeter frame, and partial space frame systems. For about half (41/89) of the buildings in the database, section sizes of representative structural members were collected, which enabled the evaluation of the seismic design, elastic, and inelastic response using computational workflows. The design diagnostics indicate that most of the buildings meet the minimum seismic strength and strong-column weak-beam requirements of modern building codes, even though they were not necessarily designed with this intent. On the contrary, about one-third of the buildings do not meet the seismic design drift limit of current codes, and about half of them have weak beam-column panel zones. This database, associated structural analysis models, and processing scripts are published at DesignSafe https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-wjad-r340 to facilitate collaboration and continued development of open-source data for high-resolution simulations to inform risk mitigation strategies on a regional scale.
Mortality trends in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Europe between 2013 and 2018
Authors: Gonnelli Francesca , Bonifazi Martina , Hubbard Richard
Published: June 2024

Background

Previous research has suggested that the incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing in the UK and elsewhere. The aim of this study is to provide contemporary estimates of IPF mortality rates across 24 European Union (EU) countries from 2013 to 2018, using death certificate data from the European Statistics Institution (EUROSTAT) database.

Methods

We extracted country data for IPF (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision: code J84.1) mortality from the EUROSTAT dataset. We calculated country-, age- and sex-specific death registration rates between 2013 and 2018. We used direct standardisation to compare rates between countries. We calculated annual trends in mortality rate ratios using a segmented regression model.

Results

The overall standardised mortality rate in 24 EU countries during this period was 3.90 (95% CI 3.80–3.90) per 100 000 person-years, with the rate rising from 3.70 in 2013 to 4.00 in 2018 (average annual percent change 1.74%, 95% CI 0.91–2.59%). We observed substantial inter-country differences, with the highest rates detected in Ireland, the UK and Finland, the lowest rate in Bulgaria, and middle rates in Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Slovenia.

Conclusions

The IPF mortality rate is increasing across Europe. There are currently more than 17 000 deaths recorded from IPF each year in Europe but the marked geographical differences we observed suggest that this figure may underestimate the true rate considerably.
Evaluation of Intranasal TLR2/6 agonist INNA-051: Safety, Tolerability and Proof of Pharmacology
Authors: Mercuri Francesca A. , White Scott , McQuilten Hayley A , Lemech Charlotte , Mynhardt Stephan , Hari Rana , Zhang Ping , Kruger Nicole , McLachlan Grant , Miller Bruce E. , West Nicholas P. , Tal-Singer Ruth , Demaison Christophe
Published: June 2024

Background

Local priming of the innate immune system with a TLR2/6 agonist may reduce morbidity and mortality associated with viral respiratory tract infections, particularly for the elderly and those with chronic diseases.

Objectives

To understand the potential of prophylactic treatment with a TLR2/6 agonist as an enhancer of innate immunity pathways leading to accelerated respiratory virus clearance from the upper airways.

Methods

Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials were conducted in healthy adult participants. The first dose-escalation study assessed safety, tolerability and mechanistic biomarkers following single and repeated intranasal administrations of INNA-051. The second was an Influenza A viral challenge study assessing the impact of treatment on host defence biomarkers and viral load.

Results

INNA-051 was well tolerated in both studies, with no dose-limiting toxicities identified. Mechanistic biomarkers assessed in both studies demonstrated the expected engagement of pharmacology, including innate immune pathways. There were lower than anticipated rates of infection. Post hoc analysis conducted in laboratory-confirmed infected participants with low or no antibody titre against the challenge virus showed INNA-051 treatment led to significantly shorter duration of infection and increased expression of genes and pathways associated with host defence responses against influenza.

Conclusions

The safety and pharmacology profile of INNA-051 confirms preclinical studies. INNA-051 increased expression of genes and pathways associated with host defence responses against influenza and was associated with shorter duration of infection. These studies support further clinical assessment in the context of natural viral respiratory tract infections in individuals at increased risk of severe illness.
Cough in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: Kantar Ahmad , Song Woo-Jung , Bush Andrew , Chatziparasidis Grigorios
Published: June 2024

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE) belongs to the spectrum of chronic suppurative lung diseases and is characterised by persistent wet/sputum-productive cough and airway dilatation. Morphological and structural changes in the airways lead to changes in airflow, impair breathing-induced mucus transport and sliding, and reduce the shear forces of cough. Moreover, mucus hyperviscosity contributes to compromised ciliary activity and the pathogenesis of the disease. This mini-review highlights the role of cough in NCFBE, especially with respect to mucus clearance. Cough is the principal backup mechanism when mucus clearance is impaired due to either reduced function of cilia- and breathing-induced mucus transport, or abnormal mucus, or both. The efficiency of cough in overcoming the cohesive and adhesive properties of mucus is determined by both the forces applied to mucus by airflow and the mucus–airway surface properties. In NCFBE, mucus hyperviscosity contributes to impaired mucus clearance and determines disease pathogenesis; therefore, it may be a therapeutic target. The primary objectives of physiotherapy regimens in NCFBE are mucus hydration and the establishment of an optimal expiratory airflow velocity, which exerts shearing forces on the mucus located on the airway surface. Modifying the rheological properties of mucus and enhancing its transport whenever possible (by breathing manoeuvres, ciliary activity and cough) represent prime goals in preventing disease progression and, indeed reversing, bronchiectasis in the early stages of the disease, as well as preventing pulmonary exacerbations.