bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisa Terhadap Buku Modul Hadis Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak Di Pasaran
Authors: Abu Hassan Muhammad Ikram bin , Abdul Rahman Shaidatul Haneen , Mohamed Siti Hajar binti
Published: November 2023

Islam is a comprehensive religion that emphasizes the importance of education for every individual. Islam views education as the most effective way to shape a prosperous society, as stated in the Quran. One important aspect is early childhood education. Efforts to elevate early childhood education can be seen through the initiatives taken by government agencies, such as the establishment of nurseries, kindergartens, daycare centers, and private agencies offering similar services. Additionally, private entities have also published modules for early childhood education that are used in preschool and kindergarten curricula. This article aims to examine the implementation of Islamic education among children in Malaysia through the module book of the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad. The methodology used is descriptive, utilizing qualitative methods to analyze documents. The researcher reviewed several module books that were successfully obtained and published in the market, subsequently analyzing and evaluating their content based on aspects of hadith narration, the number of hadiths, themes of the hadiths, appropriate writing techniques and styles for children's age groups, and the teachings derived from the hadiths. The study found that efforts have been made by private agencies and individuals to collect and compile the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) for the purpose of early childhood education. The study also found that the printed modules of hadiths available in the market still have room for improvement based on the analysis and comments made by the researcher in the study findings. The author also suggests that these books be reviewed by advisory panels for further improvement and be transformed into learning modules for early childhood education
Had-Had Pukulan Yang Dibenarkan Terhadap Isteri Menurut Al-Quran Dan Hadis
Authors: Akmal Muhammad Izzat , Mardhiah Ainun
Published: November 2023

Happiness in marriage has a significant impact and is capable of preventing undesirable occurrences. Having a happy family is a dream for every individual. Through marriage, a feeling of happiness known as "al-sa‘adah" is born. It is the duty and responsibility of the husband to educate his wife to obey all of Allah's commands. The Quran and Hadith serve as a comprehensive guide for humanity, encompassing all matters, including the management of marriage. Unfortunately, not all marriages provide the happiness envisioned by every married individual. A husband is permitted to strike his wife with the intention of educating and teaching for her betterment, not to vent anger or seek revenge. To what extent such physical discipline is considered permissible according to Islamic law is explored. The objective of this study is to examine the permissible limits of physical discipline on wives according to the Quran and Hadith. The research design is qualitative, utilizing document analysis as the data collection method, and textual analysis as the data analysis method. The findings of the study reveal that there are limits and guidelines permitted for disciplining wives according to Islamic law.
Does sustainability reporting affect firm performance? Evidence from the port sector
Authors: Gavalas Dimitris
Published: November 2023

Given that stakeholders are paying more and more attention to the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) policies of firms, the objective of this paper is to study the effect of ESG disclosure on firm performance, focusing on companies involved in port activities; precisely, (i) a port company/authority, (ii) a terminal operator/stevedore, and (iii) an integrated carrier. The study contributes to the existing knowledge by incorporating ESG scores and looking at factors that indicate financial strength. The contribution of our study will lie in complementing and adding to the existing knowledge, along with further incentivizing sustainable firm performance. This study discovers that a positive relationship between ESG disclosure, firm value, and firm performance exists, as determined by market-to-book ratio and Q ratio, respectively. It considers a panel regression examination, by means of a sample of 213 publicly listed ports and considering a time period of 5 years. This study will benefit scholars, decision-makers, legislators, and stakeholders of ports through improving their comprehension of how ESG disclosure affects the performance of firms, in general and specifically for each pillar.
Highlights

The aim of the present study is to examine the impact of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) disclosure on the performance of firms that are engaged in port-related operations. More specifically, our focus is on three types of companies, namely, a port company/authority, a terminal operator/stevedore, and an integrated carrier
The present study has found that a favorable correlation exists between ESG disclosure, firm value, and firm performance, as gauged by the market-to-book ratio and Q ratio, correspondingly
The study conducts a panel regression analysis, utilizing a sample of 213 publicly listed ports over a time period of five years
This study will be advantageous to scholars, decision-makers, legislators and stakeholders in the port industry, as it enhances their understanding of how ESG disclosure impacts firm performance, both globally and within each distinct pillar
The Famine Projects and Digital Trauma Studies in India
Authors: Nayar Pramod K
Published: November 2023

In this essay, I examine two aspects of the twin projects’ foregrounding of trauma: the modes of representing trauma in the digital and the consequent construction of a trauma globalectic. Preserving, and in many cases, retrieving, cultural trauma in the digital age as Famine and Dearth and Famine Tales demonstrate, will mean a media archaeology that merges different forms and genres of/in media. Conjoining instances of social injustice and suffering, as these projects do across spatial and temporal spaces ensures that we see historical trauma in multiple sites and stemming from different forces and causes and yet following certain patterns – social hierarchies, unequal legislation, administrative inefficiency/indifference, all of which conspire to produce food scarcity and famine.
Pre-service Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Future Refugee Students
Authors: Sönmez Görsev , Gürkan Serkan
Published: November 2023

Present study aimed at investigating the perceptions of pre-service teachers regarding the refugee students who are possibly the participants’ future students when they start their career. In order to examine the issue in depth, a mixed methods design was adopted. Numerical data were gathered through “Refugee Student Attitude Scale” from 168 pre-service teachers, and the written responses of the same participants for the open ended questions constitute the qualitative data. During the analysis procedure, mean scores and standard deviation for the variables were estimated, and the content analysis was performed. Results of the study showed that most of the participants do not approve the idea of involving refugee students in classes for the fear of possible problems. The participants also stated not being ready to teach refugee students in their future careers. In light of these findings, implications for different groups such as teacher education programs, policy makers, and ministry of education were also suggested in the end of the paper.
Analisis Butir Soal Ujian Sekolah Dasar Bahasa Indonesia Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 Ditinjau dari Kelogisan Bahasa dan Proporsi Pengetahuan secara Konten dan Konteks
Authors: Fibrianto Devi , Daimun Hambali  , Endang Widi Winarni
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui analisis butir soal ujian sekolah Bahasa Indonesia SD/MI yang berada di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara ditinjau dari kelogisan bahasa, proporsi pengetahuan secara konten dan konteks. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif yang menganalisis butir soal ditinjau dari proporsi kompetensi, proporsi kelogisan bahasa, proporsi pengetahuan secara konten dan konteks. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa dokumentasi soal ujian Bahasa Indonesia yang divalidasi 7 Penilai (Rater). Peneliti mendeskripsikan hasil kelogisan Bahasa, proporsi pengetahuan konten dan konteks serta hasil kesepakatan Penilai (Rater). Hasil penelitian aspek kelogisan bahasa terdapat kesalahan sebanyak 9 soal pada pemakaian huruf, 4 soal pada penulisan kata, 5 soal pada kalimat, 13 soal pada tanda baca. Proporsi pengetahuan konten dan konteks diketahui butir soal yang termasuk ke dalam proporsi pengetahuan konten sebesar 48,89%, proporsi pengetahuan konteks sebesar 51,11%. Penelitian ini banyak terdapat kesalahan kelogisan bahasa aspek tanda baca dan memiliki level kesepakatan “hampir sempurna’ pada proporsi penegetahuan secara konten dan konteks. Kata kunci: analisis butir soal, (rater), kelogisan bahasa, konten dan konteks.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Model Dicovery Learning Terintegrasi Peduli Lingkungan pada Pelajaran IPA SD Kelas V
Authors: Sartika Noliana , Widi Winarni Endang , Koto Irwan
Published: November 2023

This research is a research on the development. This study aims to produce student worksheets (LKPD) based on the discovery learning model in integrated science learning for fifth grade elementary school to care for the environment and to foster an attitude of caring for the environment in students. The research subjects were a teacher and 19 fifth grade students at SDN 48 Lubuklinggau, South Sumatra. The data collection instrument used was an expert validation questionnaire to test the feasibility. There were 6 experts who became validators, 2 each for the material aspect, language aspect, and display aspect. For student responses, a questionnaire was used which was responded to by 19 fifth grade students and for the teacher's response, a structured interview guide was used. The results of data analysis can be concluded that the LKPD based on the discovery learning model in science learning for class V SD integrated environmental care is declared suitable for use with details of material aspects 0.72 (feasible), language aspects 0.83 (very feasible), and display aspects 0.80 (very worthy). While the results of the field test from the responses of teachers and students have met the criteria for use.
ANALISIS VITAMIN C, SIFAT FISIK, DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK TEMPE BERBAHAN DASAR KEDELAI KUNING (Glycine max L), KEDELAI HIJAU (Glycin Max (L) Merrill), KEDELAI HITAM (Glycine soja (L) Merrit)
Authors:   Universitas Tidar, Saktiono Shanada Salsabila , Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani ,   Universitas Tidar, Susilaningrum Dian Fajar ,   Universitas Tidar, Widiyastuti Putri Ayu ,   Universitas Tidar, Lestari Widi ,   Universitas Tidar, Arifa Syafira Ulfi ,   Universitas Tidar, Oktaviani Diah Ayu ,   Universitas Tidar, Oktaviani Rr Puspa Indah Rina ,   Universitas Tidar
Published: November 2023

Tempe merupakan salah satu makanan sumber protein bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan karena tempe dibuat dari sumber protein nabati yaitu kedelai. Secara umum, jenis kedelai yang sering digunakan sebagai bahan baku adalah kedelai kuning (Glycine max L.), namun karena adanya peningkatan kebutuhan bahan baku, diperlukan sumber kedelai lain sebagai alternatif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar vitamin C, sifat fisik dan sifat organoleptic tempe yang berbahan dasar kedelai hijau (edamame) (Glycine max (L) Merrill) dan kedelai hitam (Glycine soja (L) Merrit) yang dibandingkan dengan tempe berbahan dasar kedelai kuning (Glycine max L.). dengan menggunakan jamur Rhizopus sp sebagai inokulum. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen murni (true experiment) dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 sampel. Kedelai yang dianalisis adalah kacang kedelai kuning (Glycine max L), kedelai hijau (edamame) (Glycine max (L) Merrill), dan kedelai hitam (Glycine soja (L) Merrit). Berdasarkan uji vitamin C dengan menggunakan iodine, warna ketiga tempe berubah menjadi lebih terang atau jernih yang menunjukkan tempe tersebut mengandung vitamin C. Sifat fisik ketiga tempe memiliki pertumbuhan miselium yang sama atau seragam. Pada uji organoleptik, ketiga tempe memiliki warna yang hampir sama yaitu putih dan tekstur padat. Rasa pada tempe kedelai kuning yaitu khas tempe pada umumnya, kedelai hijau (edamame) terasa manis, dan kedelai hitam sedikit pahit. Pada tempe kedelai kuning dan hijau (edamame) memiliki aroma khas tempe, sedangkan tempe kedelai hitam memiliki aroma khas tempe yang lebih menyengat.
Idealisation in Greek Geometry
Authors: Humphreys Justin
Published: November 2023

Some philosophers hold that mathematics depends on idealising assumptions. While these thinkers typically emphasise the role of idealisation in set theory, Edmund Husserl argues that idealisation is constitutive of the early Greek geometry that is codified by Euclid. This paper takes up Husserl's idea by investigating three major developments of Greek geometry: Thalean analogical idealisation, Hippocratean dynamic idealisation, and Archimedean mechanical idealisation. I argue that these idealisations are not, as Husserl held, primarily a matter of ‘smoothing out’ sensory reality to produce ideal, ‘perfect’ figures. Rather, Greek geometry depends on assuming some falsehoods – equidistance from a source of illumination, a perfectly unwavering hand, or a machine that weights abstract objects – in order to make complex problems tractable. Although these idealisations were rarely discussed explicitly in antiquity, they can be systematically reconstructed from our extant sources.
Variations on a Dominant Design Concept: Scenes from Changeling
Authors: Ashford David
Published: November 2023

David Ashford's ‘Variations on a Design Concept’ is extracted from a forthcoming experimental novella, Changeling. Its starting point is the the murders that occurred in August 1914 in Taliesin, the Wisconsin home of Frank Lloyd Wright, before it flows into other historical, trans-generational and contemporary frameworks of reference, stretching from mythology to the Cold War and Brexit.
The Impact of Divine Healing on Evangelism Based on Acts of the Apostles Chapter 3 and Its Significance for Believers
Authors: Hermina Hermina
Published: November 2023

Divine healing sometimes sparks fervent debates among Bible-believing individuals about its central role in the Bible. The undeniable fact is that divine healing occurred in both the Old and New Testaments, indicating that it is not in conflict with the teachings of the Bible. When Jesus healed someone, as He frequently did, His motive was never self-glorification but rather to aid those in need. He is a compassionate Healer, a Savior, addressing both physical and spiritual ailments. In Acts of the Apostles, Chapter 3, a divine healing event is recounted, and it holds significance for evangelism. To ensure accurate and accountable data in this study, the author employed library research and exposition studies using inductive methods. The primary goals of this study were, first, to provide a clear and detailed explanation of divine healing based on Acts Chapter 3. Second, to elucidate the close relationship between faith and divine healing. Lastly, to explore the impact of divine healing on evangelism as reflected by its followers. In conclusion, divine healing is a manifestation of God's work for those who have faith in the name of Jesus. It serves the purpose of bringing individuals closer to God, nurturing love for God, inspiring a life dedicated to glorifying Him, and producing positive impacts on others.
Heterologous constitutive production of short-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates in Pseudomonas putida KT2440: the involvement of IbpA inclusion body protein
Authors: Manoli Maria-Tsampika , Blanco Francisco G. , Rivero-Buceta Virginia , Kniewel Ryan , Alarcon Sandra Herrera , Salgado Sergio , Prieto M. Auxiliadora
Published: November 2023

Designing cell factories for the production of novel polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) via smart metabolic engineering is key to obtain à la carte materials with tailored physicochemical properties. To this end, we used the model medium-chain-length-PHA producing bacterium, P. putida KT2440 as a chassis, which is characterized by its metabolic versatility and stress tolerance. Different PHA biosynthetic modules were assembled in expression plasmids using the Golden gate/MoClo modular assembly technique to implement an orthogonal short-chain-lengh-PHA (scl-PHA) switch in a “deaf” PHA mutant. This was specifically constructed to override endogenous multilevel regulation of PHA synthesis in the native strain. We generated a panel of engineered approaches carrying the genes from Rhodospirillum rubrum, Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, demonstrating that diverse scl-PHAs can be constitutively produced in the chassis strain to varying yields from 23% to 84% PHA/CDW. Co-feeding assays of the most promising engineered strain harboring the PHA machinery from C. necator resulted to a panel of PHBV from 0.6% to 19% C5 monomeric incorporation. Chromosomally integrated PHA machineries with high PhaCCn synthase dosage successfully resulted in 68% PHA/CDW production. Interestingly, an inverse relationship between PhaC synthase dosage and granule size distribution was demonstrated in the heterologous host. In this vein, it is proposed the key involvement of inclusion body protein IbpA to the heterologous production of tailored PHA in P. putida KT2440.
The crosstalk among the physical tumor microenvironment and the effects of glucose deprivation on tumors in the past decade
Authors: Cui Yingnan , Sun Yuanlin , Li Dongming , Zhang Yuzheng , Zhang Yangyu , Cao Donghui , Cao Xueyuan
Published: November 2023

The occurrence and progression of tumors are inseparable from glucose metabolism. With the development of tumors, the volume increases gradually and the nutritional supply of tumors cannot be fully guaranteed. The tumor microenvironment changes and glucose deficiency becomes the common stress environment of tumors. Here, we discuss the mutual influences between glucose deprivation and other features of the tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia, immune escape, low pH, and oxidative stress. In the face of a series of stress responses brought by glucose deficiency, different types of tumors have different coping mechanisms. We summarize the tumor studies on glucose deficiency in the last decade and review the genes and pathways that determine the fate of tumors under harsh conditions. It turns out that most of these genes help tumor cells survive in glucose-deprivation conditions. The development of related inhibitors may bring new opportunities for the treatment of tumors.
Theoretical and computational study of benzenium and toluenium isomers
Authors: Tchodimo Falonne C. Moumbogno , Ermler Walter C.
Published: November 2023

Four methods of computational quantum chemistry are used in a study of hyperconjugation in protonated aromatic molecules. Benzene, benzenium, toluene, and four isomeric forms of toluenium are examined using the self-consistent field level of theory followed by configuration interaction and coupled cluster calculations, as well as density functional theory. Results for proton affinities, geometric parameters, atomic populations, dipole moments, and polarizabilities are reported. The calculated results are in good agreement with previous computational studies and with experimental data. The presence of hyperconjugation is evident from the shortened carbon–carbon bond lengths in the aromatic ring and concomitant changes in dipole moments and polarizabilities. The proton affinities of benzene and toluene compare well with experimental values. The examination of all of the toluenium isomers reveals that the position of the methyl group has a minor impact on the strength of hyperconjugation, although the most stable isomer is found to be the para form. Mulliken population analyses indicate that the addition of a proton contributes to aromatic hyperconjugation and increases the strength of π-bonds at the expense of σ-bonds.
Exploring marine toxins: comparative analysis of chemical reactivity properties and potential for drug discovery
Authors: Flores-Holguín Norma , Salas-Leiva Joan S. , Núñez-Vázquez Erick J. , Tovar-Ramírez Dariel , Glossman-Mitnik Daniel
Published: November 2023

Marine toxins, produced by various marine microorganisms, pose significant risks to both marine ecosystems and human health. Understanding their diverse structures and properties is crucial for effective mitigation and exploration of their potential as therapeutic agents. This study presents a comparative analysis of two hydrophilic and two lipophilic marine toxins, examining their reactivity properties and bioavailability scores. By investigating similarities among these structurally diverse toxins, valuable insights into their potential as precursors for novel drug development can be gained. The exploration of lipophilic and hydrophilic properties in drug design is essential due to their distinct implications on drug distribution, elimination, and target interaction. By elucidating shared molecular properties among toxins, this research aims to identify patterns and trends that may guide future drug discovery efforts and contribute to the field of molecular toxinology. The findings from this study have the potential to expand knowledge on toxins, facilitate a deeper understanding of their bioactivities, and unlock new therapeutic possibilities to address unmet biomedical needs. The results showcased similarities among the studied systems, while also highlighting the exceptional attributes of Domoic Acid (DA) in terms of its interaction capabilities and stability.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1987 protein attenuates inflammatory response and consequently alters microbiota in mouse lung
Authors: Liu Yingying , Zhang Jiaqi , Leng Guangxian , Hu Junxing , Wang Wenzhen , Deng Guoying , Ma Yufang , Sha Shanshan
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Healthy lung microbiota plays an important role in preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections by activating immune cells and stimulating production of T-helper cell type 1 cytokines. The dynamic stability of lung microbiota relies mostly on lung homeostasis. In our previous studies, we found that Mtb virulence factor, Rv1987 protein, can mediate host immune response and enhance mycobacterial survival in host lung. However, the alteration of lung microbiota and the contribution of lung microbiota dysbiosis to mycobacterial evasion in this process are not clear so far.

Methods

M. smegmatis which does not contain the ortholog of Rv1987 protein was selected as a model strain to study the effects of Rv1987 on host lung microbiota. The lung microbiota, immune state and metabolites of mice infected by M. smegmatis overexpressing Rv1987 protein (MS1987) were detected and analyzed.

Results

The results showed that Rv1987 inhibited inflammatory response in mouse lung and anaerobic bacteria and Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota bacteria were enriched in the lung tissues correspondingly. The immune alterations and microbiota dysbiosis affected host metabolic profiles, and some of significantly altered bacteria in MS1987-infected mouse lung, such as Delftia acidovorans, Ralstonia pickettii and Escherichia coli, led to anti-inflammatory responses in mouse lung. The secretory metabolites of these altered bacteria also influenced mycobacterial growth and biofilm formation directly.

Conclusion

All these results suggested that Rv1987 can attenuate inflammatory response and alter microbiota in the lung, which in turn facilitates mycobacterial survival in the host.
Identification and validation of a pyroptosis-related signature in identifying active tuberculosis via a deep learning algorithm
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Zhang Lifan , Wu Fengying , Liu Ye , Li Yuanchun , Chen Yan
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Active tuberculosis (ATB), instigated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), rises as a primary instigator of morbidity and mortality within the realm of infectious illnesses. A significant portion of M.tb infections maintain an asymptomatic nature, recognizably termed as latent tuberculosis infections (LTBI). The complexities inherent to its diagnosis significantly hamper the initiatives aimed at its control and eventual eradication.

Methodology

Utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), we procured two dedicated microarray datasets, labeled GSE39940 and GSE37250. The technique of weighted correlation network analysis was employed to discern the co-expression modules from the differentially expressed genes derived from the first dataset, GSE39940. Consequently, a pyroptosis-related module was garnered, facilitating the identification of a pyroptosis-related signature (PRS) diagnostic model through the application of a neural network algorithm. With the aid of Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), we further examined the immune cells engaged in the pyroptosis process in the context of active ATB. Lastly, dataset GSE37250 played a crucial role as a validating cohort, aimed at evaluating the diagnostic prowess of our model.

Results

In executing the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), a total of nine discrete co-expression modules were lucidly elucidated. Module 1 demonstrated a potent correlation with pyroptosis. A predictive diagnostic paradigm comprising three pyroptosis-related signatures, specifically AIM2, CASP8, and NAIP, was devised accordingly. The established PRS model exhibited outstanding accuracy across both cohorts, with the area under the curve (AUC) being respectively articulated as 0.946 and 0.787.

Conclusion

The present research succeeded in identifying the pyroptosis-related signature within the pathogenetic framework of ATB. Furthermore, we developed a diagnostic model which exuded a remarkable potential for efficient and accurate diagnosis.
Depredation influences anglers’ perceptions on coastal shark management and conservation in the United States Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Prasky Evan Gerald , Drymon J. Marcus , Karnauskas Mandy , Anderson Alena Q. , Gibbs Sarah L. , Grabowski Jonathan H. , Jargowsky Amanda E. , McAree Danielle M. , Osowski Ana R. , Swinea Savannah H. , Scyphers Steven B.
Published: November 2023

Overfishing, habitat degradation, and climate change have caused declines in shark populations throughout the world’s oceans. However, in the United States Gulf of Mexico (GoM), populations of several coastal shark species are starting to stabilize following decades of successful regulations and enforcement. The stabilization of coastal shark populations, coupled with increases in recreational fishing effort, has the potential to escalate human-wildlife interactions. The most often reported conflict is shark depredation, the partial or complete removal of a hooked species by a shark. Reported increases in shark depredation within the last several years have begun to erode angler support for shark conservation, potentially undermining decades of previous work. To address these concerns, we implemented a GoM-wide online survey to characterize the impact of depredation on recreational reef fish anglers’ fishing satisfaction and perceptions of shark management and conservation. Our results revealed that most recreational anglers in the GoM have witnessed depredation but have not changed their fishing behaviors. In contrast, anglers’ viewpoints on managing shark populations were split between reducing population sizes and maintaining current population levels. As coastal shark populations in the GoM continue to recover, shark depredation is likely to increase. Consequently, efforts to characterize anglers’ satisfaction and perceptions are a critical component of future shark conservation initiatives.
Association between triglyceride glucose index and H-type hypertension in postmenopausal women
Authors: Ding Zihao , Du Shihong , Yang Yi , Yu Tong , Hong Xiuqin
Published: November 2023

Background

Recent studies have reported better predictive performance of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index for cardiovascular events in women, however, whether this association persists in postmenopausal women is inconclusive. We investigated the association between TyG index and H-type hypertension (HHT) in postmenopausal women.

Methods

1,301 eligible women with hypertension were included in this cross-sectional study. Concomitant homocysteine levels >10 μmol/L were defined as H-type hypertension. The TyG index was calculated as ln [triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Multivariable logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the association between TyG index and H-type hypertension in postmenopausal women, and subgroup analyses were performed for potential confounders.

Results

Of the 1,301 hypertensive patients, 634 (48.7%) participants had H-type hypertension. In each adjusted model, TyG index was significantly associated with the risk of H-type hypertension. each 1-unit increase in TyG index was associated with an increased risk of H-type hypertension in all participants (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3–2.0; P < 0.001), and there was a linear relationship between TyG index and H-type hypertension (P for linear trend < 0.001).

Conclusion

TyG index is positively associated with H-type hypertension in postmenopausal women, suggesting that TyG index may be a promising marker for H-type hypertension. By controlling lipid levels and blood glucose levels, it may help prevent H-type hypertension in postmenopausal women.
Research on imbibition effect of surfactant fracturing fluid in offshore reservoirs with low permeability and high temperature
Authors: Liu Yigang , Zou Jian , Lan Xitang , Gao Shang , Zhang Liping , He Xin
Published: November 2023

Surfactant imbibition can effectively improve the development effect of fracturing technique. In order to enhance oil recovery, a temperature resistant surfactant was selected using interfacial tension and contact angle testers based on the offshore reservoir conditions of high temperature and low permeability. Experiments on spontaneous and forced imbibition with artificial columnar cores were performed to optimize parameters of imbibition processes during fracturing in high temperature and low permeability reservoirs. Results show that among the three surfactants, amphoteric Gemini surfactant had a stable molecular structure with non-compressible hydrophobic groups which significantly reduced oil-water interfacial tension, enhanced rock wettability, and demonstrated good resistance to high temperatures The maximum recovery increase during amphoteric Gemini surfactant imbibition is 16.22%. The higher the core permeability, the higher the core inside pressure, and the longer the well shut-in time, the greater the forced imbibition effect. A proper well shut-in time and injection volume should be considered when using surfactant solution as fracturing liquid.
Biomass-derived carbon nanostructures and their applications as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction/evolution
Authors: Maliutina Kristina Mikhailovna , Omoriyekomwan Joy Esohe , He Chuanxin , Fan Liangdong , Folli Andrea
Published: November 2023

Biomass derived electrocatalysts with rationally designed activity, selectivity, and stability present a major sustainable approach for the electrochemical production of fuels and value-added chemicals. This review presents recent advances in the field of biomass-derived electrocatalytic nanostructures for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction), that are subject of major research efforts, as well as public and private investment, as they will play a crucial role in the energy transition and in achieving net zero carbon emissions. The review summarises experimental and theoretical investigations aiming at tuning electrocatalytic performances of sustainable C-based nanostructured materials, and present opportunities for future commercialization of innovative energy materials and applications. In reviewing relevant literature in the field, we focus on the correlation between electrocatalytic activity/selectivity and synthesis methods, composition, physical chemical characteristics, in the attempt to uncover a clear structure-activity relationship. Furthermore, this study provides a critical comparison of the different electrocatalysts in light of their catalytic mechanisms, limiting phenomena, and practical applications for sustainable future technologies.
Construction of predictive model of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy after kidney transplantation with machine learning algorithms
Authors: Yin Yu , Chen Congcong , Zhang Dong , Han Qianguang , Wang Zijie , Huang Zhengkai , Chen Hao , Sun Li , Fei Shuang , Tao Jun , Han Zhijian , Tan Ruoyun , Gu Min , Ju Xiaobing
Published: November 2023

Background: Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) are the histopathological manifestations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and one of the causes of long-term renal loss in transplanted kidneys. Necroptosis as a type of programmed death plays an important role in the development of IFTA, and in the late functional decline and even loss of grafts. In this study, 13 machine learning algorithms were used to construct IFTA diagnostic models based on necroptosis-related genes.

Methods: We screened all 162 “kidney transplant”–related cohorts in the GEO database and obtained five data sets (training sets: GSE98320 and GSE76882, validation sets: GSE22459 and GSE53605, and survival set: GSE21374). The training set was constructed after removing batch effects of GSE98320 and GSE76882 by using the SVA package. The differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was used to identify necroptosis-related DEGs. A total of 13 machine learning algorithms—LASSO, Ridge, Enet, Stepglm, SVM, glmboost, LDA, plsRglm, random forest, GBM, XGBoost, Naive Bayes, and ANNs—were used to construct 114 IFTA diagnostic models, and the optimal models were screened by the AUC values. Post-transplantation patients were then grouped using consensus clustering, and the different subgroups were further explored using PCA, Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis, functional enrichment analysis, CIBERSOFT, and single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.

Results: A total of 55 necroptosis-related DEGs were identified by taking the intersection of the DEGs and necroptosis-related gene sets. Stepglm[both]+RF is the optimal model with an average AUC of 0.822. A total of four molecular subgroups of renal transplantation patients were obtained by clustering, and significant upregulation of fibrosis-related pathways and upregulation of immune response–related pathways were found in the C4 group, which had poor prognosis.

Conclusion: Based on the combination of the 13 machine learning algorithms, we developed 114 IFTA classification models. Furthermore, we tested the top model using two independent data sets from GEO.
Online interoperable resources for building hippocampal neuron models via the Hippocampus Hub
Authors: Bologna Luca Leonardo , Tocco Antonino , Smiriglia Roberto , Romani Armando , Schürmann Felix , Migliore Michele
Published: November 2023

To build biophysically detailed models of brain cells, circuits, and regions, a data-driven approach is increasingly being adopted. This helps to obtain a simulated activity that reproduces the experimentally recorded neural dynamics as faithfully as possible, and to turn the model into a useful framework for making predictions based on the principles governing the nature of neural cells. In such a context, the access to existing neural models and data outstandingly facilitates the work of computational neuroscientists and fosters its novelty, as the scientific community grows wider and neural models progressively increase in type, size, and number. Nonetheless, even when accessibility is guaranteed, data and models are rarely reused since it is difficult to retrieve, extract and/or understand relevant information and scientists are often required to download and modify individual files, perform neural data analysis, optimize model parameters, and run simulations, on their own and with their own resources. While focusing on the construction of biophysically and morphologically accurate models of hippocampal cells, we have created an online resource, the Build section of the Hippocampus Hub -a scientific portal for research on the hippocampus- that gathers data and models from different online open repositories and allows their collection as the first step of a single cell model building workflow. Interoperability of tools and data is the key feature of the work we are presenting. Through a simple click-and-collect procedure, like filling the shopping cart of an online store, researchers can intuitively select the files of interest (i.e., electrophysiological recordings, neural morphology, and model components), and get started with the construction of a data-driven hippocampal neuron model. Such a workflow importantly includes a model optimization process, which leverages high performance computing resources transparently granted to the users, and a framework for running simulations of the optimized model, both available through the EBRAINS Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Builder online tool.
Lack of racial and ethnic diversity in lung cancer cell lines contributes to lung cancer health disparities
Authors: Leon Christopher , Manley Eugene , Neely Aaron M. , Castillo Jonathan , Ramos Correa Michele , Velarde Diego A. , Yang Minxiao , Puente Pablo E. , Romero Diana I. , Ren Bing , Chai Wenxuan , Gladstone Matthew , Lamango Nazarius S. , Huang Yong , Offringa Ite A.
Published: November 2023

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide, and a major source of cancer health disparities. Lung cancer cell lines provide key in vitro models for molecular studies of lung cancer development and progression, and for pre-clinical drug testing. To ensure health equity, it is imperative that cell lines representing different lung cancer histological types, carrying different cancer driver genes, and representing different genders, races, and ethnicities should be available. This is particularly relevant for cell lines from Black men, who experience the highest lung cancer mortality in the United States. Here, we undertook a review of the available lung cancer cell lines and their racial and ethnic origin. We noted a marked imbalance in the availability of cell lines from different races and ethnicities. Cell lines from Black patients were strongly underrepresented, and we identified no cell lines from Hispanic/Latin(x) (H/L), American Indian/American Native (AI/AN), or Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) patients. The majority of cell lines were derived from White and Asian patients. Also missing are cell lines representing the cells-of-origin of the major lung cancer histological types, which can be used to model lung cancer development and to study the effects of environmental exposures on lung tissues. To our knowledge, the few available immortalized alveolar epithelial cell lines are all derived from White subjects, and the race and ethnicity of a handful of cell lines derived from bronchial epithelial cells are unknown. The lack of an appropriately diverse collection of lung cancer cell lines and lung cancer cell-of-origin lines severely limits racially and ethnically inclusive lung cancer research. It impedes the ability to develop inclusive models, screen comprehensively for effective compounds, pre-clinically test new drugs, and optimize precision medicine. It thereby hinders the development of therapies that can increase the survival of minority and underserved patients. The noted lack of cell lines from underrepresented groups should constitute a call to action to establish additional cell lines and ensure adequate representation of all population groups in this critical pre-clinical research resource.
COVID-19 on the spectrum: a scoping review of hygienic standards
Authors: Voidarou Chrysa , Rozos Georgios , Stavropoulou Elisavet , Giorgi Elpida , Stefanis Christos , Vakadaris Georgios , Vaou Natalia , Tsigalou Christina , Kourkoutas Yiannis , Bezirtzoglou Eugenia
Published: November 2023

The emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, rapidly escalated into a worldwide public health crisis. Despite numerous clinical treatment endeavors, initial defenses against the virus primarily relied on hygiene practices like mask-wearing, meticulous hand hygiene (using soap or antiseptic solutions), and maintaining social distancing. Even with the subsequent advent of vaccines and the commencement of mass vaccination campaigns, these hygiene measures persistently remain in effect, aiming to curb virus transmission until the achievement of herd immunity. In this scoping review, we delve into the effectiveness of these measures and the diverse transmission pathways, focusing on the intricate interplay within the food network. Furthermore, we explore the virus's pathophysiology, considering its survival on droplets of varying sizes, each endowed with distinct aerodynamic attributes that influence disease dispersion dynamics. While respiratory transmission remains the predominant route, the potential for oral-fecal transmission should not be disregarded, given the protracted presence of viral RNA in patients' feces after the infection period. Addressing concerns about food as a potential viral vector, uncertainties shroud the virus's survivability and potential to contaminate consumers indirectly. Hence, a meticulous and comprehensive hygienic strategy remains paramount in our collective efforts to combat this pandemic.
Fermented traditional wine from palm trees: microbial, nutritional attributes and health impacts
Authors: Oluwole Oluwatoyin , Kosoko Sulaimon , Familola Oluwagbenga , Ibironke Olaide , Cheikyoussef Ahmad , Raheem Dele , Saraiva Ariana , Raposo António
Published: November 2023

Fermented wine from palm trees is gaining more acceptance by consumers given its natural and health promoting attributes. The traditional wine is fermented from the extracted sap of palm trees by microbes, however, excessive contamination by spoilage microorganisms must be avoided, storage conditions must be ensured to foster its natural fermentation. The importance and quality of this locally produced fermented wine will benefit from a better understanding of the scientific knowledge on its micro and macro nutrients. In this review paper, we explore the science of the traditional fermentation process that leads to the sweet, effervescent, milky but alcoholic beverage known as palm wine or toddy. The microbes that are involved in its fermentation (especially yeasts and lactic acid bacteria) are of interest towards realising the potential economic benefits that will be gained from the standard production of palm wine. It is important to emphasize ‘sustainability’ in the entire value chain of palm wine as an industry starting from its cultivation, to its processing, side streams, storage and consumption. In addition, the packaging materials for the large-scale production of palm wine will need to be eco-friendly when sustainability is considered.
Ultraviolet disinfection (UV-D) robots: bridging the gaps in dentistry
Authors: Pandya Visha Shailesh , Morsy Mohamed S.M. , Hassan Ali Abdel-Halim Abdel-Azim , Alshawkani Hamed A. , Sindi Abdulelah Sameer , Mattoo Khurshid A. , Mehta Vini , Mathur Ankita , Meto Aida
Published: November 2023

Maintaining a microbe-free environment in healthcare facilities has become increasingly crucial for minimizing virus transmission, especially in the wake of recent epidemics like COVID-19. To meet the urgent need for ongoing sterilization, autonomous ultraviolet disinfection (UV-D) robots have emerged as vital tools. These robots are gaining popularity due to their automated nature, cost advantages, and ability to instantly disinfect rooms and workspaces without relying on human labor. Integrating disinfection robots into medical facilities reduces infection risk, lowers conventional cleaning costs, and instills greater confidence in patient safety. However, UV-D robots should complement rather than replace routine manual cleaning. To optimize the functionality of UV-D robots in medical settings, additional hospital and device design modifications are necessary to address visibility challenges. Achieving seamless integration requires more technical advancements and clinical investigations across various institutions. This mini-review presents an overview of advanced applications that demand disinfection, highlighting their limitations and challenges. Despite their potential, little comprehensive research has been conducted on the sterilizing impact of disinfection robots in the dental industry. By serving as a starting point for future research, this review aims to bridge the gaps in knowledge and identify unresolved issues. Our objective is to provide an extensive guide to UV-D robots, encompassing design requirements, technological breakthroughs, and in-depth use in healthcare and dentistry facilities. Understanding the capabilities and limitations of UV-D robots will aid in harnessing their potential to revolutionize infection control practices in the medical and dental fields.
Delivery of probiotics and enzymes in self-assemblies of lipids and biopolymers based on colloidal principles
Authors: Risbo Jens , Nylander Tommy , Tanaka Motomu
Published: November 2023

Food is a complex soft matter, because various components, such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, are self-assembled via non-covalent, colloidal interactions and form hierarchical structures at multiple length scales. Soft matter scientists have shown an increasing interest in understanding the general principles governing the food structure formation. During the last several decades, an increasing number of studies have shown that the maintenance of healthy gastrointestinal tract and its microbiome is essential for human health and wellbeing. The realization of the importance of the gastrointestinal microbiome has led to the development of probiotics, which are defined as living bacteria that confer a health benefit on the host. Probiotic bacteria and enzymes can be delivered to the intestinal system by formulating appropriate carriers and including these into food ingested by humans. Despite this simple statement, it involves many challenges in the field of soft matter science. This review aims to highlight how the key concepts in soft matter science can be used to design, characterize, and evaluate self-assembled formulations of probiotics and enzymes based on lipids and biopolymers. The topics covered in this review includes the emulsification of oil-water mixtures, the self-assembly of lipids and polymers at interfaces, the electrostatics and viscoelasticity of interfaces, and the wetting/adhesion of colloidal particles.