bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction and Characterization of the Essential Oil from the Leaves of Ocimum basilicum and Evaluation of its Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Lawrence Luka , Chika Attama , Abel Alexander
Published: May 2024

The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of Ocimum basilicum using a modified steam distillation method. The chemical composition and free radical inhibition property of the plant essential oil were investigated. Results from gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of 39 different compounds in the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum. The major components, Terpinen-4-ol (21.31%), Eucalyptol (18.97%), α-Terpineol (14.41%), γ-Terpinene (12.61%), Caryophyllene (11.90%), α-Pinene (6.11%), and β-Myrcene (5.54%), were found in high percentages. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging assays, with Ascorbic acid as a standard drug. The results showed that the essential oil extracted from Ocimum basilicum leaves exhibited positive effects at different concentrations when tested using both methods. At a concentration of 2.5 μL/mL, the Ocimum basilicum essential oil significantly scavenged 60.89% of hydrogen peroxide radicals, while the standard Ascorbic acid scavenged 79.13%. Similarly, at a concentration of 10 μL/mL, the plant’s volatile oil inhibits 87.12% of DPPH radicals, while the standard Ascorbic acid inhibits 90.40%. This study highlights the potential of the essential oil derived from Ocimum basilicum leaves as a valuable source of compounds with free radical scavenging properties, consistent with its traditional medicinal applications.
Graphical Abstract showing the entire experimental process:
Olis siistiä, jos ei tarvis määritellä
Authors: Taavetti Riikka
Published: May 2024

Nuoruudessa seksuaalisuus ja sukupuoli ovat ajankohtaisia asioita. Ympäristö alkaa nähdä nuoret seksuaalisina toimijoina samalla, kun nuoret itse pohtivat tapaansa olla sukupuolinen ja seksuaalinen. Miten nuoruuden seksuaalisuuteen ja sukupuoleen kasvaminen näyttäytyy niille nuorille, joiden seksuaalisuus ja sukupuoli eivät sovi yhteiskunnan, koulun ja myös useimpiin lähiympäristön tarjoamiin malleihin?
Hyvinvoiva sateenkaarinuori -tutkimushanke on Nuorisotutkimusseuran ja Setan yhteishanke. Hanke on Suomessa ensimmäinen laatuaan siinä, miten laajasti siinä on selvitetty seksuaali- ja sukupuolivähemmistöihin kuuluvien nuorten hyvinvointia eri näkökulmista. Tämä tutkimus on hankkeen laadullinen osa, joka täydentää määrällisen tutkimuksen tuottamaa kuvaa sateenkaarinuoruudesta.
Isyyden ihanteet, arki ja kokemukset
Authors: Mykkänen Johanna , Aalto Ilana
Published: May 2024

Tämä tutkimusinventaari kartoittaa viimeisten parin vuosikymmenen aikana Suomessa eri aloilla tehtyä isyyttä käsittelevää tutkimusta. Raporttia varten on käyty läpi runsaasti suomalaisia ja jonkin verran ulkomaisia isyyteen, perheisiin, lapsuuteen, vanhemmuuteen ja perhehistoriaan liittyviä tutkimuksia. Niiden pohjalta inventaarissa hahmotellaan tutkimuksen suuntauksia ja rakennetaan isyydelle historiallista taustaa.
Ensimmäinen osa keskittyy isyyden historiallisten kehityskulkujen selvittämiseen ja rakentaa näin pohjaa tämänhetkisen tilanteen ymmärtämiselle. Toisessa osassa käsitellään isyystutkimuksen suuntauksia ja sisältöjä kahdenkymmenen viime vuoden ajalta.
Vaikeimmin vammaisten nuorten liikunnallinen osallisuus
Authors: Eriksson Susan , Saukkonen Eero
Published: May 2024

Vaikeimmin vammaisten nuorten liikunnallinen osallisuus -tutkimus käsittelee liikunnallisten aktiviteettien mahdollisuuksia niiden nuorten elämässä, joilla on laajoja ja jatkuvia erityisen avun ja tuen tarpeita. Tutkimus on empiirinen, ja sen aineisto on kerätty eri puolilla maata monipaikkaisen etnografian ja puolistrukturoitujen teemahaastattelujen menetelmällä vuosina 2020–2021. 
Nuorten mahdollisuudet liikuntaan vaihtelevat asumisyksiköiden, toimintakeskusten, kotien, erityisoppilaitosten ja harrastusyhteisöjen käytäntöjen mukaan. Lääkinnällinen kuntouttaminen on monen nuoren arkea, ja toimintarajoitteen luonne rajaa nuoren liikunnallisia mahdollisuuksia. Kuitenkin vaatimus tukea nuoren osallisuutta läpäisee ammatillista ajattelua arjen institutionaalisissa käytännöissä, ja nuoria tuetaan esimerkiksi järjestämällä heille mieluisaa liikunnallista harrastustoimintaa. 
Nuorten liikunnallisen kyvykkyyden tunnustaminen ja sen vahvistaminen etenkin erityisoppilaitosten, toimintakeskusten ja erilaisten harrastuskulttuurien käytännöissä on tutkimuksen keskeisimpiä löydöksiä, ja se tukee näkemystä siitä, että liikunnalliset harrastukset ovat mahdollisia myös niille nuorille, joilla on vaikeita toimintarajoitteita. Vaikka liikuntaan innostavat tavat toimia ovatkin tutkimuksemme valossa moninaisia ja esimerkiksi luovuus, leikki ja taiteellisen ilmaisun tavoitteet ovat tärkeitä ulottuvuuksia, nuorten palveluista puuttuu usein resursseja näiden potentiaalien hyödyntämiseksi. 
Tutkimus osoittaa lisäksi, että nuorten liikunta-aktiviteetit ovat sidottuja erillisiin, kehitysvammaisille suunnattuihin käytäntöihin, mikä ei edesauta yhdenvertaisuutta nuorten keskuudessa. Vaikka hauskuus ja mielekäs toiminta on nuorille tärkeää ja se ilmenee tutkimuksessamme monin tavoin, tarvitaan vielä erittäin suuria ponnistuksia heidän asemansa parantamiseksi nuorten harrastuskulttuureissa ja yhteisöissä.
Myönteinen tunnistaminen
Authors: Häkli Vesa , Kallio Kirsi Pauliina , Korkiamäki Riikka
Published: May 2024

Onko ongelmien varhainen havaitseminen ja niihin nopeasti puuttuminen aina hyvästä? Myönteinen tunnistaminen esittää ongelma- ja yksilökeskeisyydelle vaihtoehtoisen näkökulman lasten ja nuorten hyvinvoinnin edistämiseen, syrjäytymisen ehkäisemiseen ja heille tarjottavan tuen suuntaamiseen. Teoksessa valotetaan yhteisölähtöisiä arkisen tuen muotoja ja pyritään edistämään niiden aktiivista hyödyntämistä amma­tillisissa käytännöissä. Kirja perustuu laajamittaiseen tutki­mustyöhön ja nuoriso-, sosiaali- ja kasvatusalan toimijoiden kokemukselliseen asiantuntijuuteen. Se on suunnattu erityi­sesti nykyisille ja tuleville lasten ja nuorten parissa työsken­televille ammattilaisille ja julkishallinnon toimijoille, mutta näkökulma on sovellettavissa myös muihin toimintaympä­ristöihin.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF SEVEN PLANT PRODUCTS ON THE COWPEA BURCHID, CALLOSOBRUCHUS MACULATUS F. DEVELOPMENT AND DAMAGE
Authors:   Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, A U Yusuf , M C Dike ,   Department of Crop Protection, I. A. R., ABU, Samaru, Zaria, S A Adebitan ,   Crop Production Programme, School of Agriculture, ATBU, Bauchi, B I Ahmed ,   Crop Production Programme, School of Agriculture, ATBU, Bauchi
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted to investigate the insecticidal activities of seven plant materials (1-5g/100g cowpea seeds) namely: citrus peel powder (CPP), Acacia leaf powder (ALP), Occimum leaf powder (OLP), mahogany bark powder (MBP), hot pepper powder (HPP), ginger powder (GP) and mahogany wood ash (MWA) and a synthetic insecticide, pirimiphos-methyl dust (PMD) (0.1-0.5g/100g cowpea seeds) as standard. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design, replicated three times. Results showed that MWA was superior at all rates of application in reducing cowpea seed weight loss and seed damage. The effectiveness of the treatments in succession was MWA> PMD> GP> HPP>MBP>OLP>ALP>CPP. The most effective rate of application was 5g/100g cowpea seeds, rather than by 2-3g/ 100g cowpea seeds. There was no significant difference among treatments and the untreated control in the germinability of cowpea seeds, although the lowest germination was recorded in cowpea seeds treated with 1g HPP. Similarly, when the seeds treated with plant materials were cooked, they did not leave any flavour strong enough to influence acceptability by the consumers.
LARVICIDAL EFFICACY OF VERNONIA CINEREA (L.) (ASTERACEAE) LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST THE FILARIAL VECTOR CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS SAY (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Authors:   P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034 Tamilnadu, India., Arivoli S , Tennyson Samuel ,   P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034 Tamilnadu, India., Jesudoss Martin J ,   P.G. & Research Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034 Tamilnadu, India.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The larvicidal efficacy of Vernonia cinerea leaf extracts against the common filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus was determined. Ground Vernonia cinerea leaves were sequentially extracted with ethyl acetate, chloroform, acetone and methanol. A series of concentrations of the extracts ranging from 0.05 – 2 mg/ml were tested against third instar larvae using WHO protocol and their percentage mortalities, LC50 values were determined. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of Vernonia cinerea was found to be effective with an LC50 value of 1.63 mg/ml after 24 hr. Application of these extracts to larval habits may lead to promising results in filarial and mosquito management programmes.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SEMI-SYNTHETIC MEDIUM FOR PRODUCTION OF AZYGOSPORES OF ZOOPHTHORA RADICANS (BREFELD) BATKO, A PATHOGEN OF RICE LEAF FOLDER
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India, Senthilkumar M , Nizam Mohamed ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India, Narayanasamy P ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Resting spores were obtained in vitro of Zoophthora radicans culture using carbon and nitrogen sources. Yeast extract and peptone as the nitrogen source and sunflower oil and dextrose as the carbon source were utilized at different combinations. Among the different C:N ratios tested for the production of azygospores, 4:8 yeast extract and sunflower oil medium combination was found to yield abundant resting spores when compared to other combinations.
IN VITRO INHIBITORY EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES AND BOTANICALS ON MYCELIAL GROWTH AND SPORE GERMINATION OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM
Authors:   Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, India,, Nisa Taskeen Un , Wani A H ,   Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, India,, Bhat Mohd Yaqub ,   Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, India,, Pala S A ,   Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, India,, Mir R A ,   Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, India,
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Carbendazim, hexaconzol, bitertanol, myclobutanil, mancozeb, captan and zineb and extracts of Allium sativum Allium cepa and Mentha arvensis were evaluated for their effect on the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum. Maximum inhibition in mycelial growth was observed in the hexaconozole at 1000 ppm followed by other fungicides at the same concentration. In case of botanicals, inhibition in spore germination was highest at concentration ‘S’. It was followed by S/2, S/10, and S/100 concentrations of plant extracts as compared to control which showed least inhibition in spore germination
Dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio aos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável:
Authors: Sanches Rafaela Resende , Maria Carolinna
Published: May 2024

A Rio 92 abriu as portas para um debate constante sobre as melhores ações para atingir um desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim, este artigo objetiva discutir os sucessos e lacunas observados desde a Agenda 21, a construção dos Objetivos do Milênio e chegando à Agenda 2030 e seus Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
Criminalising the Violation of EU Restrictive Measures: Towards (Dis)Proportionate Punishments vis-à-vis Natural Persons?
Authors: Bernardini Lorenzo
Published: May 2024

This paper aims at providing a critical perspective on the European Union’s adoption of criminal law as a key mechanism for enforcing sanctions against Russia and Belarus following the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. It scrutinizes the evolution and expansion of the EU’s sanctions regime, revealing a strategic shift towards a criminal law-based enforcement approach. With an emphasis on the EU’s legal framework, this contribution highlights the diverse national responses to breaches of these sanctions, ranging from administrative to criminal penalties. The lack of uniformity in these responses has sparked a significant EU initiative to criminalise sanction breaches, leading to a proposal for harmonizing criminal definitions and penalties across Member States. This initiative, while aiming to streamline enforcement and eliminate impunity, raises questions about the proportionality and appropriateness of using criminal law in this context. This paper delves into these concerns using the principle of proportionality of penalties enshrined in Article 49(3) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union as a benchmark. It critically analyses the proposed criminal penalties, questioning their alignment with the severity of the offences and the rationale behind categorising offence as either minor or serious. Besides, the examination extends to the impact of monetary thresholds on determining the gravity of offences, the cumulative effect of linked offences, and the potential risks of overcriminalisation. Finally, it offers insights into the latest developments in the legislative process, discussing the European Parliament and Council’s stance on the proposal. The paper concludes by advocating for further refinements to ensure that the criminalisation of violation or circumvention of restrictive measures remains proportional and effective, ultimately upholding the EU’s commitment to justice and accountability in the face of international crises.
The European Directives Regarding the “Non-financial Statement” and the “Corporate Sustainability Reporting”: A New Step Towards a European Economic Criminal Law for the Protection of Human Rights?
Authors: Foffani Luigi
Published: May 2024

The protection of the truthfulness and transparency of corporate information is a classic pillar of the economic criminal law. Criminal provisions aimed at punishing false accounting and other false corporate communications have been present for a long time in the criminal and commercial laws of the Member States of the European Union and other countries. The paper considers the future evolution of this traditional approach to economic criminal law in regard of the new wave of the European regulation on corporate information, particularly, of the European Directives about the “non-financial statement” (Directive 2014/95/EU) and “corporate sustainability reporting” (Directive 2022/2464/EU).
Confiscation and the Presumption of Innocence: Key Issues in ECtHR Case-law Considering the Contemporary Broadening of Confiscation’s Scope
Authors: Karaliota Nikoletta
Published: May 2024

This article outlines the central positions of ECtHR case-law regarding the application of the criminal limb of Article 6 ECHR, and particularly the presumption of innocence (Art. 6 [2] ECHR), in the field of confiscation. Special focus is placed on the contemporary forms of broadening confiscation’s scope. To this end, the article commences with an analysis of the “autonomous concept” of “criminal charge”. Thereafter, it systematises ECtHR case-law based on the specific form of the extension of confiscation it pertains to. The article argues that, while it is important that the “autonomous concept” of “criminal charge” prevents arbitrary actions by states, a higher level of protection for persons affected by contemporary forms of confiscation is essential. In this context, it argues that the formulation of a more systematic approach by the ECtHR in the field of confiscation is of utmost importance, and it outlines proposals to strengthen the respect of the presumption of innocence in modern confiscation regimes.
The Implementation of Directive EU 2017/1371 (Known as the “PIF Directive”) on the Fight Against Fraud to the Union’s Financial Interests in Italian Law
Authors: Bartolucci Marco Alessandro
Published: May 2024

The introduction of Directive 2017/1371, also known as the “PIF Directive”, represents a significant outcome of the European Union’s efforts to harmonise criminal laws across Member States, aimed at enhancing the fight against financial fraud and safeguarding the EU’s financial interests. However, this Directive has had a complex and sometimes problematic impact, especially within the Italian legal system, which is characterised by intricate categories of criminal law not easily adaptable to EU directives.

A key point of contention revolves around the disparity between the original intent of the PIF Directive and its actual execution. The limited jurisdiction of the EPPO has influenced the efficacy of criminal sanctions and the concrete prosecution of offenses. While the Directive could have been a catalyst for greater criminalisation, the legal framework and the practical execution have fallen short of expectations. The European Union has provided theoretical directives without establishing adequate legal groundwork for the development of truly impactful criminal policies.

This phenomenon of a “gap between intentions and implementation” is not unprecedented within the Italian legal system and necessitates a thorough reflection on how to reconcile EU regulations with national legal structures and improve the efficacy of implementing such directives within the Italian jurisdiction.
Ottoman Frontier Expansion in Hawran
Authors: Kamalı Hatice
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the transformation of Hawran following its incorporation into the

Damascus province as a sanjak in 1864 within the context of Ottoman frontier expansion. The

integration of Hawran into the heart of the Ottoman Empire can be attributed to a set of interconnected factors. First, in the encouraging atmosphere created by infrastructural initiatives

and the sedentarization of nomads, the merchants, who were rather integrated into international

markets in cities such as Mosul, Damascus, and Nablus, extended their trading activities

to the newly established regions. This dynamic created a mutually beneficial relationship

between the Ottoman government and these merchants concerning the frontier regions. As

the traditional patronage system proved inadequate for this trade, Hawrani peasants directly

engaged as business partners with the newly prosperous Damascene merchants. Particularly

noteworthy was the establishment of enduring trading alliances between Druze sheikhs and

these affluent merchants, which gradually evolved into significant socio-cultural associations.
Application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system control in power systems
Authors: I. Made Ginarsa , I. Made Ari Nrartha , Agung Budi Muljono , I. Putu Ardana
Published: May 2024

An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is developed by combining neural-networks and fuzzy system. The ANFIS model uses the advantages possessed by the properties of neural networks and its decision making is based on fuzzy inference. The ANFIS parameters are obtained and updated by training processes. The ANFIS consists of two inputs (by Gaussian or other membership function) and an output (with constant or linear membership function). The ANFIS control is implemented by building a power system stabilizer (PSS) in power systems. The PSS function is to produce an additional stabilizing signal on the reactive mode of the generator. Training data are obtained from the systems that controlled by a conventional PSS with various conditions. The training process is carried out repeatedly until the appropriate ANFIS parameters are found. Next, the PSS based on ANFIS is applied to replace the conventional PSS on a single machine and hybrid power plants. Peak overshoot and settling time of the power systems are smaller and shorter. The ANFIS PSS makes the power system stability improve significantly in small-signal studies.
Flexible Electronics Enabled by Fiber Nanocomposites with MXene Nanosheets
Authors: Zhou Tianzhu , Yan Jia , Yu Jing
Published: May 2024

The incorporation of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets into fiber nanocomposites is at the forefront of flexible electronics. This chapter provides an overview of recent progress in preparing MXene fiber nanocomposites, covering methods, interface design, mechanical/electrical properties, and applications. Emphasizing their transformative impact on electrical functionalities, the chapter explores how integrating MXene into fibrous structures has revolutionized material engineering through interfacial interactions. The resulting nanocomposites demonstrate customized mechanical and electronic properties, utilizing MXene nanosheets’ unique attributes to improve their interfacial interactions and expedite charge transport. These versatile fiber nanocomposites enable the creation of innovative devices like flexible electromagnetic interference shielding, thermal management, energy storage, sensors, and so on. With enhanced electronic conductivity and mechanical strength, these fiber nanocomposites pave the way for advancements in flexible electronics. Researchers and practitioners will find this chapter valuable for understanding the current state, challenges, and future directions in fiber nanocomposites for flexible and wearable electronic applications.
Minimum Viable Products Launching for Start-Ups and Vocational Training Using No-Code Tools Learning Resources
Authors: Orok David , Akpan Joseph , Olanrewaju Oludolapo
Published: May 2024

No-code tools (NCT) for minimum viable products (MVP) creation have been popular among start-ups in recent years. This technology form allows entrepreneurs to replicate working prototypes without developing code, which can save time and money when launching a product. However, the use of these techniques requires that users be acquainted with the selected hosting interface. Such interaction has posed a challenge in the massive adoption of the use of NCT by individual start-ups. To bridge this gap, a learning platform to introduce the public to the procedures and benefits of these tools was developed, and over 1000 learners have signed up. Hence, this study presents an overview of the learning resources development, the user satisfaction rate, and challenges based on the pros and cons of employing NCT. These learning resources are in the form of three software applications, namely a medical booking app, an online learning mobile app, and a grocery e-commerce shopping app. Investigation toward this study revealed that the need for technical skills and no-code solutions’ scalability is desirable. The significance of the findings is envisaged to offer more learning support to African and developing countries’ entrepreneurs and for future research in vocational education and training.
Bilan des connaissances sur les récifs du bathyal et évaluation de l’état de conservation de l’habitat d’intérêt communautaire Récifs dans les eaux françaises hexagonales
Authors: DE BETTIGNIES Thibaut , VAN DEN BELD Inge , JANSON Anne-Laure , FABRI Marie-Claire , MENOT Lenaick , LARTAUD Frank , LE BRIS Nadine , PAQUIGNON Guillaume , ROBERT Alexandre , BOYÉ Aurélien
Published: May 2024

La Directive Habitats-Faune-Flore (92/43/CEE) est un des piliers de la politique de l’Union européenne en faveur de la biodiversité marine. Cette directive impose aux États membres de rapporter périodiquement l’état de conservation et les tendances d’évolution des espèces et habitats d’intérêt communautaire. Pour les habitats, quatre paramètres sont considérés : l’aire de répartition, la surface occupée par l’habitat, l’état de la structure et des fonctions de l’habitat, et les perspectives futures selon les pressions agissant sur l’habitat et selon les mesures de gestion mises en place. Les précédents rapportages pour l’habitat 1170 – Récifs n’ont considéré que partiellement les récifs géologiques et biogènes de l’environnement profond (bathyal). Pour pallier cette lacune, un bilan des connaissances a été réalisé selon les quatre paramètres d’évaluation afin de proposer une évaluation globale de l’habitat Récifs bathyal pour les régions biogéographiques marines Atlantique et Méditerranée françaises. Les évaluations globales de l’état de conservations des Récifs du bathyal indiquent un état de conservation « défavorable-inadéquat » en Atlantique et « défavorable-mauvais » en Méditerranée. Même si des mesures de gestions sont en place ou sont à venir, elles restent insuffisantes pour assurer à long terme un état de conservation favorable de l’habitat Récifs de la zone bathyale.
Natural Farming: A Chemical Free Agricultural Practice towards Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Priyadarshani Sonam , Chawla Pulkit
Published: May 2024

India is predicted to overtake China as the most populous country in the world by 2050, with a population of nearly 1.7 billion. With the possibilities of horizontal expansion of arable land quickly diminishing, the nation must go after a policy of vertical productivity growth in order to feed this exponentially growing population. Moreover, continuous cropping depletes the nutrients in the soil, making it necessary to replenish the soil with important major and minor plant nutrients. To put an end to Silent Hunger and the morally reprehensible continuation of growing numbers of undernourished children and anemic mothers, the nation cannot compromise on the availability of nutritious food. Agro-ecological farming practices known as "Natural Farming" (NF) are thought to be a useful strategy for overcoming some of these difficulties. The nation plans to reorganize its agricultural production system, including research and development, in order to address growing issues. However, the 2018–19 economic survey made a compelling argument in favor of widespread adoption of ―Natural Farming‖ widely known as "Zero Budget Natural Farming" (ZBNF), which would double farmers' income. Crop productivity will therefore continue to be low now-a- days, and with this level of output, farmers will be helpless. Today‘s practices neither will able to earn enough to double their income nor will pay off their debt. We won't be able to meet the food and nutritional needs of the growing population at the national level either, which will prevent us from achieving the sustainable targets of "Zero Hunger and Poverty Elimination" by 2030. Therefore, using low-cost natural farming techniques, we can feed India and the rest of the world
Precision Agriculture and Digital Innovations in Soil Management
Authors: Anshu Mr. , Kumar Suresh
Published: May 2024

The application of digital technology represents the beginning of a smarter, more sustainable agriculture industry and the fourth agricultural revolution. Technological advances include data-driven strategies for efficient farming methods and resource management. Precision agriculture is considered an essential aspect of new agricultural management technology, which focuses on increasing productivity by improving input efficiency while minimizing the number of inputs required for farming. Data-driven precision agriculture is a key technology that gives the ability to analyze data in depth to extract vital information and help farmers understand long-standing agricultural practices and make accurate decisions. Detecting variations in crop and soil characteristics to encourage the production of higher-value goods is the first step towards putting precision agriculture into practice. To map spatial variation and prescribe precise applications, a variety of tools are used, including yield monitors, proximate soil sensors, geographic information systems (GIS) hyperspectral imaging based on satellites and unmanned aircraft (UAV) and variable flow systems. Furthermore, the area of cultivated land is not increasing, the groundwater level is decreasing, and soil quality is not improving. Therefore, for sustainable agricultural production, data-driven agriculture using these technologies seems to be the most promising solution to the current problems and in the future. However, the widespread adoption of data-driven precision agriculture still poses some challenges. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to increasing knowledge and improving access to the latest Big Data applications in precision agriculture to ensure that these advanced agricultural practices deliver expected benefits
ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FIELD OF PHARMACY
Authors: Khuman Ms. Sejal M. , Raval Ms. Morvi M.
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field within computer science that enables machines to operate efficiently and analyze intricate data. The realm of AI in healthcare and pharmaceutical research has experienced a significant surge in research and development. This comprehensive review delves into the opportunities and challenges presented by AI in these domains. A variety of databases, including Google PubMed, and Science Direct, Scholar, were searched with particular keywords and terms, such as "artificial intelligence," "pharmaceutical studies," "drug investigation," "medical trial," "disease detection," etc., in order to discover pertinent literature. The selection process was limited to research and review articles that had been released in the previous five years. The use of AI in disease diagnosis, digital therapy, individualized treatment, drug development, and pandemic or epidemic prediction is covered in detail in this article. While neural networks as well as deep learning have been the most widely used artificial intelligence (AI) methods, Bayesian nonparametric models have shown promise in the design of clinical trials. Wearable technology and natural language processing were used to monitor clinical trials and identify patients. Researchers should expect quick and affordable medicinal and healthcare research as artificial intelligence (AI) methods develop, which will eventually result in better services for the general population
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL POTENTIAL OF KALANCHOE PINNATA
Authors: Bhatia Divya B. , Sengar Khushbu S. , Jadav Paragi R.
Published: May 2024

Kalanchoe is a type of succulent plant that can grow up to 3-5 feet in length. This chapter provides an in-depth review of the literature on pharmacogenetic and phytochemical studies of this plant. The phytochemicals that have been identified from Kalanchoe include alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, glycosides, steroids, phenolics, and aliphatic compounds. These compounds exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as antidiabetic, anti-neoplastic, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-lipidemic, antiallergic, and many more activities that are yet to be fully explored. Now it has become an endangered plant that needs to be conserved as well as explored for its significant green chemistry
CHARACTERISTICS: LIQUID CRYSTALLINE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Antani Nirzari , Tank Dr. Chintankumar J. , Jadeja Dhvanirajsinh
Published: May 2024

Lyotropic non lamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs), such as cubosomes and hexosomes, possess distinctive structural features that make them valuable tools in drug delivery applications. LCNs exhibit versatility as carriers suitable for topical, oral, and intravenous treatments. Recent research efforts have been dedicated to refining the preparation and characterization of LCNs, with a particular focus on controlling drug release and improving the effectiveness of encapsulated bioactive molecules. Despite these advancements, the clinical adoption of LCNbased carriers has been sluggish. This review emphasizes recent progress and challenges in the development and utilization of LCNs, offering examples of their applications in topical, oral, and intravenous drug delivery. Additionally, it discusses the translational hurdles associated with LCNs as a nanoparticle technology
Social Distancing Monitoring System Using Deep Learning
Authors: Gagneja Abhishek , Gupta Dr. Amit Kumar , Lall Prof. Brejesh
Published: May 2024

We also developed a socially relevant use case application of pedestrian detection with a Social Distancing Monitoring System. We used a pre-trained YOLO V3 and SORT tracker to generate detection and assign them unique IDs for the duration of their visibility. We then use a combination of homographic projection and Euclidean distance measurement to record whether a given pair of IDs are violating the social distancing norms of distance and duration of violation, hence incorporating both guidelines issued by the WHO regarding social distancing
Enhancing Wireless Communication in Education through a Novel Text-toImage Generation System
Authors: Malik Sonika , Rathee Preeti
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a system designed for wireless text-to-image synthesis, empowering users to provide textual descriptions and obtain high-quality visual representations in real-time. The proposed model, utilizing a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN), is trained on an extensive dataset of approximately 3,80,000 images sourced from 5 datasets, amalgamated through Kaggle. This diverse dataset encompasses various images of living and non-living entities, enhancing the model's robustness. The integration of wireless communication allows users to remotely input textual descriptions, extending the system's accessibility and usability. The model demonstrates an exceptionally high success rate, establishing itself as a valuable tool for dynamic image generation in wirelessenabled scenarios
The Role of Leadership and Discipline to Increase Commitment to Loudry Harfia Employees
Authors: Madiistriyatno Harries , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: May 2024

This study aims to understand the important role of leadership and discipline in increasing employee commitment at Loudry Harfia. Effective leadership and consistent discipline are key factors in creating a productive and committed work environment. In the context of the laundry industry, where quality of service and consistency in operations are critical, this role is becoming increasingly vital. This research approach includes an analysis of the relationship between leadership styles applied in organizations, applied disciplinary practices, and employee commitment levels. Through a deep understanding of these dynamics, this study aims to provide valuable insights for Loudry Harfia's management in improving the performance and commitment of their employees. The results of this study are expected to provide a better understanding of how strong leadership and consistent application of discipline can affect employee commitment, as well as provide practical guidance for management in optimizing their human resources to achieve organizational goals effectively. Thus, this research is expected to significantly contribute significantly to human resource development and performance management in service industries such as Loudry Harfia.
Estrategia de prevención a la corrupción en Chiapas, fortaleciendo currículum formativo en la Educación Básica
Authors: Minor Gómez Miguel Alberto
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo contribuir a erradicar un problema emergente en México, que resulta ser la corrupción. Ante el estudio que se realizó aplicando el método cualitativo mismo que nos permitió comprender y explorar el fenómeno social y la realidad humana; desde una perspectiva descriptiva y holística. Pues ante una observación directa, aplicando un análisis de los contenidos se puede identificar el tema, y con ello definir la problemática y precisar una solución. Por lo que se propone el implementar estrategias de prevención del currículum de formación integral del campo formativo: ética, naturaleza y sociedad de nivel básico como un cambio de paradigma cultural; el resultado de esta investigación tendría como consecuencia prevenir, reducir, erradicar y concientizar ante el contexto de la corrupción desde la educación temprana y también que los alumnos y alumnas conozcan la política Estatal anticorrupción que el Estado de Chiapas tiene vigente. En conclusión, las estrategias de prevención deben ser consideradas por el Gobierno para que contengan acciones donde formulen nuevos paradigmas como el crear estrategias de prevención para poder concientizar a los alumnos y alumnas en su educación temprana, lo cual lograría que se garantice una sociedad que viva bajo la premisa del bien común con un cambio de cultura ante este contexto.
Composing to Enact Affective Agency: Engaging Multimodal Antiracist Pedagogy in the First-Year Writing Classroom
Authors: Jiang Jialei
Published: May 2024

Positioning affective agency as a site of investigation, this study documents how first-year writing students create multimodal antiracist campaigns to critically address the sociopolitical issue of racial justice and to collectively challenge the hegemonic violence of racial profiling. In describing students’ affective engagements with the multimodal campaigns, this study demonstrates the potential of multimodal writing pedagogies in enacting affective agency, weaving antiracist assemblages, and transforming affective relations, all of which will provide starting points for social change and antiracist action.
Spatial Affordances as a Tool for Assessing Pedagogical Writing Spaces
Authors: Alexander Kara Poe
Published: May 2024

I propose spatial affordances as a tool for assessing pedagogical writing spaces such as writing centers. I outline a heuristic I used to evaluate the opportunities and limitations of two spaces and emphasize its adaptability to other learning spaces. Spatial affordances are useful because they underscore how place/space/location structures and facilitates writing practice.
Pengaruh pelayanan otoritas pajak, sosialisasi pajak, dan kebijakan pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, dengan preferensi risiko sebagai variabel moderasi dalam program pengungkapan sukarela di Kota Ternate
Authors: Kotta Oktofianus Franszeblum , Morasa Jenny , Warongan Jessy D. L.
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of tax authorities services, tax socialization, and tax policy on taxpayer compliance with risk preferences as a moderating variable during the Voluntary Disclosure Program in Ternate City. The sample is the taxpayers and the data is obtained by questionnaire based on a Likert scale. This study applies structural equation model - partial least square to explain the correlation between indicators in construct variables (convergent validity test), test the consistency of the measuring instrument used (reliability test), and measure the extent to which a construct is different from other constructs (validity test discriminant). The coefficient of determination is carried out to explain the proportion of the dependent variable explained by the independent variable, the path coefficient test to explain the direction of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, and the effect size test to see how the independent variables to predict the dependent variable. The results show that partially tax authorities' services do not have a significant influence on taxpayer compliance, while tax socialization, tax policy, and risk preferences have a significant influence on taxpayer compliance. Risk preferences moderate the influence of tax authorities' services and tax socialization on taxpayer compliance, but do not moderate the influence of tax policy on taxpayer compliance in the Voluntary Disclosure Program in the Ternate City.
Spatio-temporal relation of urban density and surface urban heat island index
Authors: Rastogi Kriti , Sharma Shashikant
Published: May 2024

Over the decades, an unprecedent growth in urban areas has impacted cities population and its local climate. Theurban built-up densification has increased local temperature of cities in comparison to its surrounding areas coveredmajorly with open land and vegetation. It gives rise to urban heat island effect, but it does not affect the entire city inhomogenous manner and depends upon its urban density. For incorporating spatial non-homogeneity, a non-linearmathematical function is required to understand the spatio-temporal change in urban density and urban heat islandeffect in cities. An inverse s-shape function is used in this study explaining city expansion around the centralbusiness district and its relation to the surface urban heat island index. The temporal change in inverse s-shapefunction signifies urban expansion and is validated via urban sprawl matrices. Also, urban density and surface urbanheat island index exhibits high degree of fitness between the value 0.95-0.98. This study helps in understandingspatial -change in urban heat island effect and urban density and can be use in future for vulnerability assessmentstudies of cities against extreme events.
Identification of Forest Fire Affected Area and Burn Severity Analysis in Bankati Forest Block of Dudhwa National Park, Uttar Pradesh Using Geospatial Techniques
Authors: Naglyan Dr. Paridhi , Dr. P. Kunwar  , Dr. Anil Kumar  , Pranjali Tripathi
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
 
In the present study analysis of forest fire location is based on MODIS/ VIIRS satellite data.  Fire alert locations were downloaded from the forest fire portal http://fsi.nic.in/index.php of Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun. Latest Sentinel satellite images pre and post fire was used for mapping extent area and burn severity analysis of forest fire affected because of its 5th day revisit period. Burn severity analysis has been done through NBR and dNBR indices supported by field survey. 
In Dudhwa National Park total 99 fire points were found and out of which 07 were large and 92 were small fire points was observed in Bankati-1 forest block of Dudhwa National Park fire affected area was estimated as 134.17 ha. The forest type and forest density wise mapping was also done and found that 100.20 ha area is covered with grassland and 33.97 ha area is covered with Miscellaneous forest.
In Bankati-1 forest block low severity, moderate low severity and moderate high severity was observed but in major part of forest block, Moderate- low severity is noticed, which covers about 70.13ha area besides that Moderate-high severity and Low severity also observed and covers 56.201 ha and 7.841 ha area respectively. The investigation demonstrated that remotely sensed data is an important source to map the fire affected areas in forest and assessment of burn severity.
Binary Maps for Image Separation in Iterative Neuronal Network Applications
Authors: Lehmann Roman , Arnaudov Stanislav , Hoffmann Markus , Karl Wolfgang
Published: May 2024

Generating a series of images is an important task in various fields of scientific research, e. g. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the past years, solutions based on deep neural networks gained importance. In these tasks, it’s often necessary to declare regions of interest in the image. Furthermore, the NN should only perform on these regions and the rest should be ignored. With this paper, we propose an innovative and easy method for implementing this behavior in the field of CFD.
Identifying Patterns and Predicting Employee Turnover Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors:   School of Business & Management, University of Juba, Republic of South Sudan, Kanuto Aham Edward
Published: May 2024

Employee turnover poses significant challenges for organizations, impacting productivity, morale, and financial stability. Identifying patterns and predicting employee turnover using machine learning approaches can help organizations proactively address retention issues and optimize workforce management strategies. The current study analyzed a dataset comprising 4653 valid respondent records sourced from Kaggle, containing diverse attributes related to employees' educational backgrounds, work history, demographics, and employment-related factors. Through exploratory data analysis and feature selection, the study identifies key predictors of employee turnover, including factors such as education, joining year, city, payment tier, age, gender, ever benched status, and experience in the current domain. The researcher employs three machine learning algorithms—K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and Support Vector Machine (SVM)—to predict employee turnover based on these factors. Evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were utilized to assess the performance of each model. Additionally, techniques such as the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) were applied to handle class imbalance in the dataset. The findings reveal distinct characteristics and performance of each model, with the Decision Tree model exhibiting the highest accuracy and predictive capability. Through comprehensive analysis and model evaluation, this study contributes valuable insights into employee turnover prediction, enabling organizations to develop targeted retention strategies and foster a more engaged and stable workforce.
PELATIHAN DASAR PENGGUNAAN MICROSOFT POWERPOINT BAGI GURU SD KADILANGU BAKI SUKOHARJO
Authors: Maria Atik Sunarti Ekowati  , Sri Wening  , Kristyana Dananti
Published: May 2024

Advances in science and technology have an impact on the state's demands that the success of the education system be anticipated by encouraging the state to progress more quickly. Formal and non-formal education is used to assist teachers in achieving the level of mastery of the science and technology taught to students. The implementation of the Tri Darma of Higher Education, one of which is community service, with the theme: Basic Training on Using Microsoft Powerpoint for Teachers at Kadilangu Baki Sukoharjo Elementary School aims to provide mastery of Power Point for teachers so that it can be transformed into students in providing learning by making interesting presentations. After the PowerPoint training, the participants experienced an increase in understanding, because previously they did not understand PowerPoint tools, how to insert text, images, sound and video and set effects and backgrounds with PowerPoint, but now it has increased above 65%.