bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust Predictive Model for Different Cancers using Biomarker Proteins
Authors: Jain Shruti , Salau Ayodeji Olalekan
Published: October 2023

Background:

When analyzing multivariate data, it can be challenging to quantify and
pinpoint relationships between a collection of consistent characteristics. Reliable computational
prediction of cancer patient's response to treatment based on their clinical and molecular profiles
is essential in this era of precision medicine. This is essential in helping doctors choose the least
contaminated and most potent restorative therapies that are now available. Better patient monitoring
and selection are now possible in clinical trials.

Methods:

This research proposes a novel robust model to aid in the diagnosis of various cancers
induced by biomarker proteins (Protein Kinase B, MAPK, and mammalian Target of Rapamycin).
Later, various medications (Perifosine, Wortmannin, and Rapamycin) were proposed to
cure cancer. Various studies were carried out to obtain all of the results, which aid in the identification
of various types of cancer. The drugs mentioned in this essay help to ward off cancer.
Scaling and normalization were carried out using parallel coordinates plots and correlation tests,
respectively. The boosted tree method and kNN with multiple distance approaches were also
used to generate a solid model. The medical diagnosis system was enhanced by training the
boosted tree technique to identify various tumors. A robust model was validated by predicting
various values that were displayed against the observed value and agreed with the advised strategy
to locate biomarkers to show the value of our method.

Results:

The results show that the predicted and observed values agree with each other, especially
for MAPK pathways. The observed correlation coefficient (r2) is 0.9847 without intercept
and 0.9849 with intercept. The precise computational prediction of the reaction of cancer patients
to treatment based on the patient's clinical and molecular profiles is vital in the period of
exactitude medicine.

Conclusion:

A robust model was validated by predicting the different values that were plotted
with the observed value, which agrees with the results of the proposed technique to uncover biomarkers
and shows the effectiveness of our technique.
Tumor Organoid as a Drug Screening Platform for Cancer Research
Authors: Arani Reyhaneh Mahbubi , Yousefi Niloufar , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Gholizadeh Fatemeh , Sisakht Mahsa Mollapour
Published: October 2023

:

A number of studies have been conducted on the application of 3D models for drug discovery,
drug sensitivity assessment, and drug toxicity. Most of these studies focused on disease
modelling and attempted to control cellular differentiation, heterogeneity, and key physiological
features to mimic organ reconstitution so that researchers could achieve an accurate response in drug
evaluation. Recently, organoids have been used by various scientists due to their highly organotypic
structure, which facilitates the translation from basic research to the clinic, especially in cancer research.
With this tool, researchers can perform high-throughput analyses of compounds and determine
the exact effect on patients based on their genetic variations, as well as develop personalized
and combination therapies. Although there is a lack of standardization in organoid culture, patientderived
organoids (PDOs) have become widely established and used for drug testing. In this review,
we have discussed recent advances in the application of organoids and tumoroids not only in cancer
research for drug screening but also in clinical trials to demonstrate the potential of organoids in
translational medicine.
An Antidepressant Drug Increased TRAIL Receptor-2 Expression and Sensitized
Lung Cancer Cells to TRAIL-induced Apoptosis
Authors: Zinnah Kazi Mohammad Ali , Newaz Munna Ali , Seol Jae-Won , Park Byung-Yong , Park Sang-Youel
Published: October 2023

Background::

TRAIL has emerged as a promising therapeutic target due to its ability to selectively
induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Autophagy, a highly regulated cellular recycling
mechanism, is known to play a cell survival role by providing a required environment for the cell. Recent studies
suggest that autophagy plays a significant role in increasing TRAIL resistance in certain cancer cells. Thus, regulating
autophagy in TRAIL-mediated cancer therapy is crucial for its role in cancer treatment.

Objective::

Our study explored whether the antidepressant drug desipramine could enhance the ability of TRAIL
to kill cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy.

Methods::

The effect of desipramine on TRAIL sensitivity was examined in various lung cancer cell lines. Cell
viability was measured by morphological analysis, trypan blue exclusion, and crystal violet staining. Flow cytometry
analysis was carried out to measure apoptosis with annexin V-PI stained cells. Western blotting, rtPCR, and
immunocytochemistry were carried out to measure autophagy and death receptor expression. TEM was carried
out to detect autophagy inhibition.

Results::

Desipramine treatment increased the TRAIL sensitivity in all lung cancer cell lines. Mechanistically,
desipramine treatment induced death receptor expression to increase TRAIL sensitivity. This effect was confirmed
when the genetic blockade of DR5 reduced the effect of desipramine in enhanced TRAIL-mediated cell
death. Further investigation revealed that desipramine treatment increased the LC3 and p62 levels, indicating the
inhibition of lysosomal degradation of autophagy. Notably, TRAIL, in combination with either desipramine or the
autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity compared to TRAIL treatment alone.

Conclusion::

Our findings revealed the potential of desipramine to induce TRAIL-mediated cell death by autophagy
impairment. This discovery suggests its therapeutic potential for inducing TRAIL-mediated cell death by
increasing the expression of death receptors, which is caused by impairing autophagy.
Lipotoxicity, ER Stress, and Cardiovascular Disease: Current Understanding and Future Directions
Authors: Shreya Smriti , Alam Md. Jahangir , Anupriya  , Jaiswal Saumya , Rani Vibha , Jain Buddhi Prakash
Published: October 2023

:

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a sub-cellular organelle that is responsible for the
correct folding of proteins, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and various post-translational
modifications. In the disturbance of ER functioning, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate
inside the ER lumen and initiate downstream signaling called unfolded protein response (UPR).
The UPR signaling pathway is involved in lipolysis, triacylglycerol synthesis, lipogenesis, the
mevalonate pathway, and low-density lipoprotein receptor recycling. ER stress also affects lipid
metabolism by changing the levels of enzymes that are involved in the synthesis or modifications
of lipids and causing lipotoxicity. Lipid metabolism and cardiac diseases are in close association
as the deregulation of lipid metabolism leads to the development of various cardiovascular
diseases (CVDs). Several studies have suggested that lipotoxicity is one of the important factors
for cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we will discuss how ER stress affects lipid metabolism
and their interplay in the development of cardiovascular disorders. Further, the current
therapeutics available to target ER stress and lipid metabolism in various CVDs will be summarized.
The Effectiveness of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treating
Apraxia
Authors: AlRuwaili Asma , Fatima Rida , Hussain Amal , Uzair Mohammad , Abualait Turki , Imdad Kaleem , Bashir Shahid
Published: October 2023

Apraxia can be detected when engaging in mental motor envisioning exercises. The nonverbal
skills of manufacturing, representation, strategizing, arithmetic, visual sensitivity, and motor
skills are all related to apraxia. Limb apraxia also negatively affects communication gestures and
linguistic skills. The impairment of brain regions related to motion patterns is the primary cause of
apraxia. People with apraxia may struggle to complete a variety of tasks because they are unable to
focus on various movements. Apraxia can result from injury to the premotor cortex since it has a role
in the left hemisphere-dependent selection of movements. Cognitive and complicated motor system
deficits are hallmarks of the corticobasal syndrome. Apraxia of the limbs and visuospatial abnormalities
are typical clinical types. TMS was used to study these problems; however, no research was done
on the relationship between TMS parameters and clinical types. It is possible for changes in brain activity
to last a long time when repetitive TMS (rTMS) is utilized. Electromyography shows that noninvasive
TMS of the motor cortex causes target muscle spasms (MEP). The human motor cortex is a
part of the cerebral cortex that is involved in the organization, management, and execution of voluntary
movements. TMS and other neuroimaging techniques are frequently used to identify changes in
this region. Cortical motor excitability varies among different diagnoses; therefore, it is important to
determine the effectiveness of TMS. Therefore, this study aims to review the causes and neurophysiological
simulation of apraxia along with the principles and effects of TMS on apraxia.
Memory Reflections of the Microbiota-Gut and Oligodendrocyte Axis
Authors: Ray Suman  Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: October 2023

Memory is the persisting consequence of cognitive activities instigated by and engrossed
on exterior information from the environment and commenced by an intensive on internal mental
representations. Establishing a gut-brain axis (GBA) in health and disease has recently brought the
gut, the main portal of communication with the external environment, to the forefront of this interaction.
Dietary stimuli have long been linked to brain development, behavioral responses, and memory
reflections. Vagus nerve, immune system, bacterial metabolites and products are just a few of the
linkages that make up the GBA, a bidirectional arrangement of signaling pathways that connects the
neurological system with the gastrointestinal tract. GBA involves two-way communication between
central and enteric neural systems, connecting the brain's affective and cognitive regions to peripheral
activities of the intestine. Recent scientific progress has highlighted the significance of gut microbiota
in affecting these relationships. By controlling myelination at the prefrontal cortex, a crucial
area for multifaceted cognitive behavior forecast and decision-making, this axis influences social
behavior, including memory reflections. Humans may experience late myelination of the prefrontal
cortex's axonal projections into the third decade of life, making it vulnerable to outside factors like
microbial metabolites. It has been demonstrated that changes in the gut microbiome can change the
microbial metabolome's composition, impacting highly permeable bioactive chemicals like p-cresol
that may hinder oligodendrocyte differentiation. This review will discuss the memory reflections of
the microbiota-gut and oligodendrocyte axis. Adopting this concept should encourage a new arena of
thinking that recognizes the intricate central and periphery dynamics influencing behavior and uses
that knowledge to develop novel therapies and interventions for maladjusted memory and learning
systems.
Atherosclerosis Potential Drug Targets: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives
Authors: Al Qarawani Omar Mohammed Ali Saleh , Kaur Palwinder , Vyas Manish , Sharma Sandeep
Published: October 2023

Background:

The global burden of atherosclerosis and its implication to cause coronary
heart disease and ischemic cardiac problems is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and
hospitalization. In the US, there has been an increase in the number of patients with cardiac
problems in the last decade, and still remains the primary cause of death in Europe as well as in
the US.

Objectives:

Even though therapeutic interventions and early diagnosis the formation of the fatty
lesion and its subsequent steps are possible, the therapeutic management of the disease remains
questionable when clinical data is observed. There is still scope for proper target identification
and biomarker recognition, which can serve as a baseline to develop efficient pharmacological
agent and delivery systems so that the disease incidence and prevalence can be controlled. The
present article highlights the current pathophysiological state of the disease and emerging strategies
that are applied to manage the disease.

Findings:

This article gives an insight into the limitations of various conventionally used therapeutic
agents for disease treatment. The emerging strategies that could prove efficacious in disease
treatment. This article also gives an insight into current discoveries in the field of cellular
and molecular biology, such as the genetic role in causing dyslipidemia and the role of immune
cells and the role of non-coding small RNA, which can set the future direction to develop therapeutics
interventions for atherosclerosis.
Huangqin-Huanglian Decoction Protects Liver against Non-alcoholic Fatty
Liver Disease in High Fat-diet Mice
Authors: Yang Hongying , Wei Dongyun , Zhang Yao , Jian Wenxuan
Published: October 2023

Background::

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the advantage of low toxicity
of natural ingredients, multiple targets and effects, and low medication costs. It has unique advantages
for metabolic and chronic diseases. Huangqin-Huanglian decoction (HQHLD) is composed
of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Rehmanniae Radix, and Gentianae Radix Et
Rhozima; it has great potential for the treatment of NAFLD with the modern pharmacological
research and TCM theory, but there is still a relative lack of research on the potential targets and
pharmacological effects of HQHLD.

Methods::

In this work, we have used network pharmacology to predict the targets and signaling
pathways of HQHLD, and validated NAFLD-related targets using the HFD model in order to
explore more therapeutic drugs and methods for NAFLD. We collected the HQHLD ingredients
and NAFLD targets through TCMSP, ETCM, DisGeNET, HGMD, MalaCards, OMIM, and
TTD, built ingredients-target networks by Cytoscape, and screened key ingredients in HQHLD.
DAVID and Metascape databases were used for GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG
pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. Molecular docking of the key ingredients and key
targets was performed by AutoDock. We verified the effect of HQHLD on high-fat diet (HFD)
mice by measuring the weight, liver weight index, and the level of TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDLC.
HE staining and oil-red staining were performed to detect the damage and fat accumulation
in the liver. The changes in INSR, PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, TNF-α, and caspase3 were experimented
with WB.

Results::

With the network pharmacology analysis, we found quercetin, baicalein, sitosterol,
wogonin, oroxylin-A, glycyrrhizin, hydroberberine, berberine, sesamin, and carotene to be the
main ingredients in HQHLD. According to KEGG pathway analysis, INSR, AKT, JNK1,
PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and the other 16 targets are the main targets of HQHLD in the treatment of
NAFLD. We took HFD mice as the in vivo model of NAFLD. Our results showed that HQHLD
could reduce liver weight, and TG and LDL-C levels, and increase HDL-C level in serum. By
HE and oil red staining, we found that HQHLD could protect the morphology of hepatocytes
and reduce fat in the liver. We also found HQHLD to protect the liver by increasing the expression
of INSR and PPAR-α, and reducing the expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, and caspase3 in the
liver.

Conclusion::

In conclusion, our study has firstly studied the main ingredients and key targets of
HQHDL in treating NAFLD by network pharmacology analysis, and preliminarily confirmed
that HQHLD could alleviate NAFLD in a multi-target way by lowering fatty acids, and decreasing
insulin resistance, inflammation, and apoptosis in the liver.
Novel CARMIL2 (RLTPR) Mutation Presenting with Hyper-IgE and
Eosinophilia: A Case Report
Authors: Zamani Raha , Zoghi Samaneh , Shahkarami Sepideh , Seyedpour Simin , Jimenez Heredia Raúl , Boztug Kaan , Rezaei Nima
Published: October 2023

Background:

Inborn errors of immunity are a growing group of disorders with a wide spectrum of genotypic and phenotypic profiles. CARMIL2 (previously named RLTPR) deficiency is a recently described cause of immune dysregulation, mainly presenting with allergy, mucocutaneous infections, and inflammatory bowel disease. CARMIL2 deficiency is categorized under diseases of immune dysregulation with susceptibility to lymphoproliferative conditions.

Case Presentation:

Here we describe a 29-years-old male from a consanguineous family, with food and sting allergy, allergic rhinitis, facial molluscum contagiosum (viral infection of the skin in the form of umbilicated papules), eosinophilia and highly elevated serum IgE level. Whole exome sequencing revealed numerous homozygous variants, including a CARMIL2 nonsense mutation, a gene regulating actin polymerization, and promoting cell protrusion formation.

Conclusion:

The selective role of CARMIL2 in T cell activation and maturation through cytoskeletal organization is proposed to be the cause of immune dysregulation in individuals with CARMIL2 deficiency. CARMIL2 has an important role in immune pathways regulation, through cell maturation and differentiation, giving rise to a balance between Th1, Th2, and Th17 immune response. This case can improve the understanding of the different impacts of CARMIL2 mutations on immune pathways and further guide the diagnosis of patients with similar phenotypes.
Recent Patents of Thermal Error Modeling and Thermal Error Prediction of CNC Machine Tool Spindle
Authors: Li Zhaolong , Sun Benchao
Published: October 2023

:

With the development of machine tools to high precision and high automation, thermal
error has become the key reason to hinder the improvement of thermal stability of machine tools.
The spindle electrothermal error is an important factor affecting the machining accuracy of highspeed CNC machine tools. The thermal error model of a high-speed motorized spindle is established to compensate the thermal error, which can effectively improve the influence of thermal error on the machining accuracy of machine tools. The thermal displacement during the operation of
motorized spindle is the main reason that affects the machining stability and precision of motorized spindle. The thermal error compensation of CNC machine tool spindle can improve the machining efficiency, the machining quality of parts and the service life of CNC machine tools. This
paper summarizes the representative patents and papers on thermal error modeling and thermal
error prediction in China. By summarizing a large number of patents and papers on modeling,
prediction and compensation of thermal error of spindle of CNC machine tools, the modeling
method is analyzed and the development trend is discussed. The improvement of thermal error
modeling method of CNC machine tool spindle has an important influence on improving machining accuracy, efficiency, and stability. Therefore, in the future, there will be more and more patents for thermal error modeling of CNC machine tools and spindles.
A Patent Review and Current Status of Ultra-thin Vapour Chamber
Authors: Dong BoXiong , Xie Baocheng
Published: October 2023

Background:

With the advent and rapid development of 5G technology, many electronic products have been developed in the miniaturized direction. However, excessive operating
temperature generated by these electronic products in a small space results in serious runaway
problems, such as battery failure and dead equipment. To solve the heat dissipation problem of
small electronic products, ultra-thin vapour chambers are widely used in the heat dissipation field
of these electronic products due to the characteristic of rapid heat conduction and thermal expansion. Therefore, optimizing the performance of ultra-thin vapour chambers is critical. Over the
years, optimizing the performance of ultra-thin vapour chambers has piqued the industry's interest.

Objective:

This study aimed at exploring the structural features, optimization method, and development status of the ultra-thin vapour chambers.

Methods:

This study reviews various representative patents related to ultra-thin vapour chambers
and discusses the problems existing in the process of achieving ultra-thinning to provide a reference for designers of ultra-thin vapour chambers in the future.

Results:

Through the investigation of a large number of patents on ultra-thin vapour chamber,
some existing problems are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the future trend of ultra-thin vapour chambers is discussed.

Conclusion:

The optimization of ultra-thin vapour chambers benefits the heat dissipation of
small electronic products and improves product safety. More related patents will be published in
the future.
Research Progress on Intelligent Control Heading Machine
Authors: Yue Lei , Li Wei , Liu Yu , Huang Qiujiao , Zhang Rui , Liu Siyu , Wang Jintao
Published: October 2023

Background:

With the development of society, the demand for underground works,
such as to control road traffic and enhance the development of mineral resources, is increasing.
Simple human and mechanical resources can no longer meet people's needs. Therefore, the development
of the heading machine has advanced the construction of underground engineering and
the development of mineral resources, leading to a significant change in tunneling efficiency.
However, the increase in the scale of engineering facilities, changes in geological conditions, the
reduction in human resources, and other factors, accompanied by the arrival of the era of big data,
have prompted the heading machine to become more and more efficient, advanced, and intelligent.

Objective:

This article aimed to describe the classification, characteristics, and development of existing
heading machines. It also takes into account the impact of changing engineering facilities,
geological conditions, and limited human resources. The research and development direction of
the equipment in intelligent perception, intelligent construction, and safety management is proposed.

Methods:

In this study, the working principle and related patents of the heading machine have
been summarized. The structural characteristics, differences, and application characteristics of the
heading machines in different fields are introduced, and the limitations of previous methods have
been analyzed.

Results:

By analyzing and comparing the existing heading machines and summarizing their typical
features, the main problems in the development of heading machines have been analyzed and
the development trend of heading machines is predicted. Finally, the current research status and
future development trends of heading machines and their patents are discussed.

Conclusion:

The heading machines are divided into two types based on the operation object: tunnel
boring machine and ordinary heading machine. Among these, the full-face heading machine is
the most widely used, and heading machines with different working faces are the most typical
among ordinary heading machines. Currently, the application of intelligence in heading machines
has gained widespread traction both domestically and internationally. The future development direction
of heading machines must focus on intelligence, ensuring safety and efficiency, lightweight
design, and environmental sustainability.
The Role of Thermal Analysis in Engine Fin Design: Insights and
Perspectives
Authors: Borthakur Barbie , Borthakur Partha Protim
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The study aims to address the significance of fins in enhancing the heat transfer rate of engine cylinders and highlight their applications and advancements in various fields.

Methods:

Thermal analysis of fins using ANSYS Workbench is an invaluable tool for engineers
and researchers in determining and optimizing the heat transfer characteristics of finned structures. ANSYS Workbench provides a comprehensive platform for evaluating the performance of
fins in various applications using simulations of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite
element analysis (FEA). With ANSYS Workbench, it is possible to assess the thermal behaviour
of fins under a variety of conditions, such as variable boundary conditions and thermal loads.
Some significant recent patents on Engine fin are also discussed in this review article.

Results:

Fins are designed to maximize contact with the surrounding air or coolant, thereby facilitating engine heat transfer to the surrounding environment. Engineers can enhance heat dissipation capabilities by considering parameters such as fin geometry, density, material selection,
and manufacturing techniques while minimizing associated drawbacks.

Conclusion:

The numerous applications of fins highlighted in this review article will encourage
researchers to find novel strategies to improve heat transfer by employing fins for use in a variety
of sectors.
Performance Analysis of Semi-refined Digital Forearm Modeling and
Simplified Forearm Model in Electromagnetic Simulation
Authors: Kuang Jiangming , Qin Yuping , Zhang Shuang
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study is to analyze the performance difference between
simplified and digital models based on medical images.

Methods:

According to the characteristics of human anatomy, the finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 was employed to construct a simplified arm model using cylinders and a digital arm model based on Chinese digital human regarding electroacupuncture therapy as an example. A comparative analysis was then performed considering three aspects: mesh
number, potential distribution, and resource consumption.

Results:

Through analysis, the digital arm model based on Chinese digital human requires significantly more mesh cells than the simplified arm model in mesh generation. Meanwhile, because
the digital arm model based on the Chinese digital human fully expresses the nonuniformity of the
tissue distribution in a real human body, its signal distribution in its interior is also relatively scattered, and the coupling potential slightly differs at the electrode vertex with the smallest change.
In addition, the digital arm model has much higher resource consumption and computer hardware
resource requirements compared with the simplified arm model.

Conclusion:

As a result, the digital model based on the Chinese digital human can more fully express the tissue distribution and electrical signal characteristics of a real human body. However,
due to its high computational requirements, appropriate simplification can be selected to improve
the computational efficiency of the model in practical applications.
Exposure to Low-Frequency Radiation Changes the Expression of Nestin, VEGF, BCRP and Apoptosis Markers During Glioma Treatment Strategy:
An In Vitro Study
Authors: Amirinejad Maryam , Eftekhar-Vaghefi Seyed Hassan , Nematollahi Mahani Seyed Noureddin , Salari Moein , Yahyapour Rasoul , Ahmadi-Zeidabadi Meysam
Published: October 2023

Background:

Exposure to physical contamination during chemotherapy, including
non-ionizing electromagnetic fields, raises concerns about the widespread sources of exposure
to this type of radiation. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive central nervous
system tumor that is hard to treat due to resistance to drugs such as temozolomide (TMZ).

Objective:

Electromagnetic fields (EMF) and haloperidol (HLP) may have anticancer effects. In
this study, we investigated the effects of TMZ, HLP, and EMF on GBM cell lines and analyzed
the association between non-ionizing radiation and the risk of change in drug performance.

Methods:

Cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured by MTT
and NBT assay, respectively. Then, the expression levels of breast cancer-resistant protein
(BCRP), Bax, Bcl2, Nestin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes, and P53, Bax,
and Bcl2 Proteins were evaluated by real-time PCR and western blot.

Results:

Co-treatment of GBM cells by HLP and TMZ enhanced apoptosis in T-98G and A172
cells by increasing the expression of P53 and Bax and decreasing Bcl-2. Interestingly, exposure
of GBM cells to EMF decreased apoptosis in the TMZ+HLP group.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, EMF reduced the synergistic effect of TMZ and HLP. This hypothesis
that patients who are treated for brain tumors and suffer from depression should not be
exposed to EMF is proposed in the present study. There appears to be an urgent need to reconsider
exposure limits for low-frequency magnetic fields, based on experimental and epidemiological
research, the relationship between exposure to non-ionizing radiation and adverse human
health effects.
Distant Supervision-based Relation Extraction for Literature-Related
Biomedical Knowledge Graph Construction
Authors: Hua Rui , Zhou Xuezhong , Shu Zixin , Yan Dengying , Yang Kuo , Wang Xinyan , Cheng Chuang , Zhu Qiang
Published: October 2023

Background:

The task of relation extraction is a crucial component in the construction
of a knowledge graph. However, it often necessitates a significant amount of manual annotation,
which can be time-consuming and expensive. Distant supervision, as a technique, seeks to mitigate
this challenge by generating a large volume of pseudo-training data at a minimal cost,
achieved by mapping triple facts onto the raw text.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to explore the novelty and potential of the distant supervisionbased
relation extraction approach. By leveraging this innovative method, we aim to enhance
knowledge reliability and facilitate new knowledge discovery, establishing associations between
knowledge from specific biomedical data or existing knowledge graphs and literature.

Methods:

This study presents a methodology to construct a biomedical knowledge graph employing
distant supervision techniques. Through establishing links between knowledge entities and
relevant literature sources, we methodically extract and integrate information, thereby expanding
and enriching the knowledge graph. This study identified five types of biomedical entities (e.g.,
diseases, symptoms and genes) and four kinds of relationships. These were linked to PubMed literature
and divided into training and testing datasets. To mitigate data noise, the training set underwent
preprocessing, while the testing set was manually curated.

Results:

In our research, we successfully associated 230,698 triples from the existing knowledge
graph with relevant literature. Furthermore, we identified additional 205,148 new triples directly
sourced from these studies.

Conclusion:

Our study markedly advances the field of biomedical knowledge graph enrichment,
particularly in the context of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). By validating a substantial
number of triples through literature associations and uncovering over 200,000 new triples, we
have made a significant stride in promoting the development of evidence-based medicine in TCM.
The results underscore the potential of using a distant supervision-based relation extraction approach
to both validate and expand knowledge bases, contributing to the broader progression of
evidence-based practices in the realm of TCM.
Therapeutic Potential of Piperine: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Sonia , Shukla Arpit
Published: October 2023

Piperine, an alkaloid from black pepper, has demonstrated diverse pharmacological properties and potential therapeutic applications. Piperine content varies with the pepper plant and ranges from 2 to 7.4% in black pepper. Piperine possesses remarkable biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective qualities. Its ability to affect numerous signaling pathways and biological targets implicated in disease development is responsible for these functions. Studies have shown piperine to have high antioxidant activity, which aids in reducing oxidative stress and preventing cellular damage. It has been established that its anti-inflammatory effects suppress the generation of pro-inflammatory mediators, thereby relieving inflammation-related diseases. This review emphasizes and examines piperine's medical and health-promoting benefits and proposed mechanisms of action in health promotion and illness prevention.
Environmental Sustainability Achievement on Diesel Engine Emissions Using Mahua Biodiesel Influenced by Graphite
Authors: Nachippan N. Murugu , Padmanabhan S. , Parthasarathy M.
Published: October 2023

Aims:

To assess the performance and emission parameters of graphite-included mahua
biodiesel at various proportions such as 10 ppm, 40 ppm, and 70 ppm.

Background:

The fuels derived from petroleum are harmful to the environment and deplete traditional
energy sources. The discovery of alternative fuels has paved the way for various options.
Studies suggest replacing diesel with vegetable oils. Neat vegetable oil has a high viscosity and
low volatility characteristics, making it unsuitable for diesel engines.

Methods:

Transesterification of mahua seed oil produces biodiesel with graphite distributed in
varying concentrations by ultra sonification. Mahua biodiesel shows reduced viscosity compared to
neat vegetable oil, and it will be used as diesel in diesel engines. Graphite nanoparticles contained
in mahua biodiesel mix (B30) indicate improved brake thermal efficiency, reduced brake-specific
fuel consumption, and reduced carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, and
smoke density.

Conclusion:

The results of this investigation showed that multi-cylinder diesel engines with direct
injection can use optimal blend B30, which incorporates graphite nanoparticles, without requiring
any modifications to the engine.
Organocatalysis for the Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide to Synthesise
N-Heterocycles
Authors: Esteves Henrique , Morais Costa Nathália Evelyn , Tomazett Vinicius Kalil , Milani Jorge Luiz Sônego , das Chagas Rafael Pavão , de Fátima Ângelo
Published: October 2023

Organocatalysed reactions are becoming powerful tools in the construction of complex
molecular skeletons. It gains extra importance when used as a chemical approach to the chemical
fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide is an increasingly dangerous environmental hazard
as the global climate temperature rises through the greenhouse effect. Meanwhile, in the past decades,
significant advances can be noted in the use of organocatalysis for CO2 capture and its conversion
into valuable chemicals. Therefore, herein we review a full set of organocatalysts used in CO2
fixation for the synthesis of N-heterocycles since they are present in several chemical structures with
biological relevance.
An Updated Account of Multifaceted Medicinal Values of Garlic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maji Sutanu , Anand Pragya , Akhter Yusuf
Published: October 2023

Background:

Garlic (Allium sativum L.), one of the most important medicinal plants
and spices, has many neuroprotective medicinal properties. Garlic has been mentioned in Indian
medical traditions and Chinese literature as a remedy for infectious and other non-communicable
diseases. Raw garlic and its derivatives have been used to treat a variety of ailments.

Objectives:

In this article, we attempted to summarize the numerous characteristics of specific
sulfur-containing garlic components that have been observed thus far, to have a variety of medicinal
aspects.

Methods:

Non-overlapping literature sources from recent years were searched and extracted using
databases such as Dimensions, Google Scholar, and PubMed. We have summarized the concluding
outputs collectively from the systematic literature search. Second, the catalytic site of the
alliinase enzyme was identified to be formed by Y165, N207, D225, Y228, and K251 amino acid
residues. We investigated the interaction of active site residues with the alliinase enzyme's natural
substrate further, and the catalytic mechanism was deduced using molecular docking.

Results:

Several studies on various garlic products and their numerous derivatives are currently
being conducted and vividly reported. These studies have found that it has antitumor activity as
well as the ability to treat digestive issues and ulcers. Additionally, several potential antibacterial,
antiviral, anticoagulant, etc. characteristics were reported by garlic components.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the review focuses on the successful research on numerous novel
garlic components and their derivatives, which may be useful in next-generation therapeutic approaches.
In addition, it advises the use of garlic in moderation rather than carelessly.
The Survey of the Fruit of Capparis spinosa Extracts Effects on the
Expressional Profile of Essential Self-renewal Genes in MCF7 Cell Line
Authors: Marji Faezeh Askarian , Javid Ameneh , Karimabad Mojgan Noroozi , Torabizadeh Seyedeh Atekeh , Mirzaei Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2023

Background:

Several drugs have been proposed for the treatment of breast cancer, but
none has fully treated the disease so far.

Methods:

MCF7 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium, consisting of different concentrations of aqueous-alcoholic extract of the fruit of Capparis spinosa (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2,
2.5, and 5 mg/mL) for 48 and 72 hours. MTT assay was used to determine the cell proliferation
inhibition (IC50). The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry analysis
using Annexin V/PI apoptosis detection kit. RT-PCR method was carried out to assess the fold
changes of OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2 genes. Two-way ANOVA (tukeys) and t-test (repeated
measure) were used for the statistical analysis of obtained data MTT assay and RT-PCR method,
respectively. p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Our results have shown that cell death was induced by increasing fruit of Capparis spinosa extract concentration. IC50 was observed at 48 h culture period with 4.81 mg/mL, and 72 h
with 2.72 mg/mL fruit extract, respectively. Flow cytometry results exhibited an obviously significant augmentation in apoptotic MF7 cells. According to RT-PCR findings on the fruit of
Capparis spinosa extract-treated cells, the mean expression of OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2
genes decreased after 48 and 72 h of incubation with IC50 concentration compared to controls.

Conclusion:

The fruit of the Capparis spinosa species was able to decrease the expression of
self-renewal genes in the MCF7 cell line. Therefore, the fruit of Capparis spinosa extract can be
considered a promising candidate for the management of human breast cancer after clinical trials.
A Simplified Model Predictive Current Control Strategy for Six-phase
H-bridge Inverters
Authors: Hou Wenbao , Zhang Gang , Wang Wenjie
Published: October 2023

Background:

The double-end H-bridge inverters can realize independent control of the
stator voltage in each phase and have flexible advantages of modulation and fault tolerance; thus,
they are more suitable for multi-phase fault-tolerant motor drives. However, due to the increase of
voltage vectors and the coupling between the electromagnetic and non-electromagnetic quantities,
the normal control strategies for traditional three-phase motor drives do not work anymore.

Objective:

This paper aimed to propose a simplified model predictive current control strategy
based on the vector space decomposition (VSD) and the vectors’ gradual simplification for the
three-level six-phase H-bridge inverters.

Methods:

Firstly, the 729 physical variables were decomposed and mapped onto the fundamental
αβ subspace, harmonic xy subspace, and the zero-sequence o1o2 subspace based on the VSD.
Then, to eliminate the influence of the harmonic and zero-sequence components on the control
performance and make an easy digital implementation, vectors’ simplification has been proposed
based on the in-depth analysis of the relationship between the voltage vectors mapped onto different
subspaces and vectors’ stratification. With the simplification method, the number of voltage
vectors was simplified from 729 to 12, and then the selected voltage vectors were used in the rolling
optimization of the model predictive current control (MPCC) to choose the optimal one. Finally,
sufficient experiments were carried out including static and dynamic conditions, different
modulation index and power factor, etc., to verify the feasibility of the proposed strategy.

Results:

The simulation and experimental results show that with the simplified MPCC strategy,
both the static and dynamic performances are relatively good, and the THDs of the phase current
under different modulations and power factors are relatively low.

Conclusion:

The proposed MPCC algorithm for the three-level six-phase H-bridge inverters has
shown obvious improvement in solving the control problems of multi-vectors and complex redundancy
issues.
The Optimal Control Method of Test Power Supply for DC Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Jun , Pan Feng , Ji Yilin , Li Jinli , Yu Jicheng
Published: October 2023

Background::

The test power supply is one of the key devices in the DC distribution
network, which is necessary to supply power with high quality for testing other devices' performance.
The double active bridge (DAB) converter is a common circuit topology for test power
supply, which has the advantages of high-frequency electrical isolation, bi-directional power flow,
and high power density. For the converter, control methods, such as single-phase-shift (SPS) control,
and single-current stress or single-return power optimization under extended-phase-shift
(EPS) control, have their limitations, which influences efficiency.

Objective::

This paper aims to propose a dual-objective optimal control method, which can effectively
improve efficiency of the test power supply.

Methods::

This paper addresses the limitations of SPS control, and single-current stress or singlereturn
power optimization under EPS control of the DAB converter, and proposes a dual-objective
optimal control method based on the idea of using objective planning in the full power range under
the condition of satisfying soft switching, which effectively improves efficiency of the test
power supply.

Results::

With the proposed dual-objective optimal control method, the converter achieves a
smaller current stress similar to that with the single-current stress optimal control, and the return
power is also reduced by 29.51%. Efficiency of the test power supply reaches 86.9%, which is
better than 82.5% with SPS control and 85.3% with single-current stress optimization under EPS
control. The experimental results fully verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

Conclusion::

A dual-objective optimal control method is proposed. By using the presented method,
current stress and return power are both optimally designed, so the efficiency of the test power
supply can be effectively improved.
Active Equalization of Lithium Battery Pack with Adaptive Control based
on DC Energy Conversion Circuit
Authors: Zhang Jun , Pan Feng , Ji Yilin , Li Jinli , Yu Jicheng
Published: October 2023

Background::

How to solve the inconsistency of battery pack is a key point to ensure
reliable operation of electric vehicles. Battery equalization is an effective measure to address the
inconsistency. Passive equalization method has poor efficiency and thermal management problems.
Average voltage equalization method is only suitable for situations where there is a significant
voltage difference between batteries. The SOC-based equalization method is relatively difficult
and may inevitably lead to the accumulation of errors during the process.

Objective::

In order to avoid the disadvantages of traditional control methods, a new control method
is proposed to improve the accuracy and self-adaptation of active equalization, which is easy to
be realized without online calculation.

Methods::

Cascaded bidirectional Buck-boost circuit is adopted as the novel equalization topology.
Based on fuzzy PID theory, an adaptive digital-analog hybrid control strategy based on fuzzy PID
is proposed in this paper. Parameter design of the fuzzy PID controller is carried out. A battery
equalization system based on cascaded bidirectional Buck-boost circuit is designed and developed.
Experimental verification is conducted on relevant hardware platforms.

Results::

An adaptive digital-analog hybrid control strategy based on fuzzy PID is proposed. Compared
to passive equalization, this proposed method provides high efficiency. Regarding traditional
voltage control, the method improves control reliability and flexibility. Compared to the average
voltage equalization method, the approach needs less convergence time. Moreover, the control
method is much easier to realize than the SOC-based equalization method.

Conclusion::

By using the presented adaptive control based on DC energy conversion circuit, the
degree of self-adaptation of the equalization process has been obtained as higher and the inconsistency
as smaller.
Analyzing the Response of Structural Members to Impact Loads Using Finite Element Analysis: A Review
Authors: Harle Shrikant M.
Published: October 2023

Background:

The use of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has become widespread
in simulating the response of structural members subjected to impact loads. This
review paper aims to provide an overview of FEA's application for predicting the response
of structural members under impact loads.

Objectives:

The objectives of this review are to analyze the analytical and experimental
methods used for studying the dynamics of vibration and impact loads, including Finite
Element Analysis, Modal Analysis, Experimental Modal Analysis, Response Spectrum
Analysis, and Design of Experiments Analysis.

Methods:

The review paper thoroughly examines the principles of FEA, the various types
of impact loads, and the different structural members involved. It analyzes the definitions,
causes, effects, and analytical and experimental methods used to study vibration and impact
loads.

Results:

The review paper highlights the significance of studying these dynamics, as failure
to do so can result in catastrophic failures of structures and machines. It presents a
comprehensive review of the effects of vibration and impact loads on structures and machines
and the advantages and limitations of different analytical and experimental methods.

Conclusion:

This review provides valuable insights into the dynamics of vibration and
impact loads and their potential consequences on structural integrity. The findings emphasize
the importance of employing appropriate analytical and experimental methods to accurately
predict and assess the response of structural members under impact loads.
Load Forecasting with Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Efficient Power
System Management
Authors: Gochhait Saikat , Sharma Deepak K. , Singh Rathore Rajkumar , Jhaveri Rutvij H.
Published: October 2023

Aim:

Load forecasting with for efficient power system management

Background::

Short-term energy load forecasting (STELF) is a valuable tool for utility companies
and energy providers because it allows them to predict and plan for changes in energy.

Method::

1D CNN BI-LSTM model incorporating convolutional layers.

Result::

The results provide the Root Mean Square Error of 0.952. The results shows that the
proposed model outperforms the existing CNN based model with improved accuracy, hourly
prediction, load forecasting.

Conclusion::

The proposed model has several applications, including optimal energy allocation
and demand-side management, which are essential for smart grid operation and control. The
model’s ability to accurately management forecast electricity load will enable power utilities to
optimize their generation.