bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histoire et doctrines du christianisme latin(Antiquité tardive)
Authors: Perrin Michel-Yves
Published: July 2022

Cette année encore la poursuite de la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19 et la prorogation des mesures de restriction des libertés publiques décrétées par les autorités politiques dans le dessein d’y faire face (deux nouveaux confinements sur l’année académique : 30 octobre-15 décembre 2020 ; 3 avril-3 mai 2021) ont lourdement pesé sur le déroulement de la conférence. Celle-ci n’a pu être donnée qu’en ligne via l’application GoToMeeting mise à la disposition du directeur d’études par l’administration de l’EPHE. Aucun conférencier extérieur n’a pu être invité. Par ailleurs les conférences du professeur Fabrizio Bisconti (Università di Roma-Tre, Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana), surintendant aux catacombes chrétiennes de Rome et d’Italie (Pontificia Commissione di Archeologia Sacra), directeur d’études invité en mars 2020 à l’initiative du directeur d’études et de Ioanna Rapti, qui avaient dû être interrompues en raison du premier confinement (17 mars-11 mai 2020) et de ses suites immédiates, n’ont pu être assurées cette année ; elles ont été exceptionnellement reportées au mois de novembre 2021. Quant à celles du professeur Reinhart Ceulemans (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven), directeur d’études invité en 2021 à l’initiative de Marie-Odile Boulnois et du directeur d’études, elles ont dû être déplacées au printemps 2022. Enfin le programme initialement prévu de la conférence du directeur d’études a subi de substantielles modifications en fonction des diverses contraintes logistiques [...]
Construire une identité chrétienne : Les arts, la piété et les institutions religieuses en Arménie au IVe-Ve siècle
Authors: Garibian Nazénie
Published: July 2022

Les quatre conférences proposaient de revisiter l’histoire de la conversion de l’Arménie au christianisme et d’en examiner les effets à travers différents aspects de l’activité religieuse et sociale qui s’est déployée durant les ive-ve siècle. Trois grandes périodes se distinguent ; elles correspondent à des événements politiques majeurs dont l’issue a eu des implications directes sur la christianisation du pays. La première s’étend de la conversion officielle au début du ive siècle au premier partage du royaume arménien en 387, la seconde commence dans les années de l’invention de l’alphabet (405) et la suppression de la royauté (428) pour s’étendre jusqu’à la grande révolte des Arméniens contre les autorités Sassanides (450-451), et la troisième débute avec la seconde révolte des Arméniens pour la liberté de culte (482-484) et se termine au Premier concile de Duin (506).
Iconographie biblique : Exégèse et contextes
Authors: Fellous Sonia
Published: July 2022

La découverte des peintures murales de la synagogue de Doura Europos (Syrie  iie-iiie s.), en 1920, a permis de replacer le premier maillon de la chaîne de transmission de l’iconographie biblique en milieu juif. Ce séminaire propose d’étudier la fortune des thèmes présents à Doura de l’Antiquité à la période moderne et contemporaine, à la lumière des textes qui ont inspiré les œuvres, des influences de l’art local contemporain et du contexte politique et religieux dans lequel les images ont été conçues. L’examen des sources littéraires qui enrichissent les représentations iconographiques du récit biblique permettra d’évaluer l’état du dialogue religieux entre les juifs, les chrétiens et les musulmans, quand l’image existe, et de définir les enjeux idéologiques que les images véhiculent dans les sociétés qui les produisent.
Religions, savoir et politique dans l’Europe moderne
Authors: De Franceschi Sylvio Hermann
Published: July 2022

Programme de l’année 2020-2021 : I. Questions d’histoire de la théologie mystique doctrinale (xviie-xxe siècle). — II. Questions d’épistémologie des sciences religieuses au xxe siècle : à propos de la fondation du Centre d’études des religions du Livre, les jeudis de 16 h à 18 h.
Protestantisme et littérature en France (II)
Authors: Cabanel Patrick
Published: July 2022

L’année universitaire 2020-2021 a été marquée par deux nouveaux confinements, du 30 octobre au 15 décembre 2020 puis du 3 avril au 3 mai 2021, et une invitation durable à privilégier les cours en distanciel ; à l’aide de Gotomeeting, le séminaire a donc pris son rythme de croisière via écrans interposés. Comme pour l’année précédente, cela a permis de rassembler les doctorant(e)s disséminé(e)s dans leurs provinces ; mais aussi d’animer des séances, comme si de rien n’était, aussi bien le mercredi 11 novembre que lors des quatre mercredis des vacances de février et Pâques, étudiant(e)s, auditrices et auditeurs appréciant la régularité dématérialisée de ces rencontres. Elles et ils ont pu télécharger, ou lire en direct, une série d’œuvres anciennes disponibles sur Gallica, et pour les plus récentes lire et étudier en amont les extraits envoyés par courriel ; en revanche, l’éloignement durable des bibliothèques universitaires a posé au directeur quelques problèmes, par exemple au moment de recourir à des ouvrages aussi fondamentaux, pour son sujet, que ceux de Charles Mazouer ou Ruth Stawartz-Luginbühl.
L’Exégèse philosophique du Coran selon Avicenne
Authors: Sebti Meryem
Published: July 2022

Durant notre séminaire de l’année 2020-2021, nous avons entrepris l’étude des commentaires coraniques d’Avicenne. Quelques commentaires du Coran lui sont attribués dans sa bibliographie : le commentaire de la sourate 112, « al-Iḫlāṣ » (le Culte pur) ; celui de la sourate 113 « al-Falaq » (de l’Aube) ; celui de la sourate 114 « al-Nās » (Les hommes) ainsi qu’un commentaire du verset 11 de la sourate 41, « Ṯumma stawā ilā-samā’ » (« Puis Il se tourna vers le ciel »). Pour ce qui est du commentaire à la sourate al-A‘lā, qui lui est également attribué, j’ai pu démontrer par ailleurs qu’il n’est pas d’Avicenne, mais du théologien aš‘arite Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (1150-1210) […]
Introduction à la papyrologie arabe : histoire, méthode et documents
Authors: Daaif Lahcen
Published: July 2022

Nous avons prêté une attention particulière aux protocoles des documents juridiques. Plus précisément, nous nous sommes employé à apporter des réponses plus ou moins satisfaisantes aux questions suivantes : peut-on se fier d’une manière systématique au protocole des documents arabes, qu’ils soient juridiques ou administratifs, pour en connaître d’emblée la teneur et l’objectif ? […]
Le droit divin et les lois divines I
Authors: Salaymeh Lena
Published: July 2022

Au cours de cette année (2020-2021), nous avons commencé l’étude des versets qur’āniques ayant trait aux trois catégories taxinomiques que sont les Écritures (al-tawrāt, al-zabūr, al-inǧīl, al-ṣuḥuf al-ūlá), les Messagers (al-rusul i.e. les apôtres de Dieu), et les peuples ayant reçu des Écritures de ces mêmes Messagers (al-yahūd, al-naṣārá, al-ṣābiʾūn, al-maǧūs). Nous avons pu analyser près de quarante versets ainsi que leurs commentaires rapportés par dix exégètes de l’histoire première de l’islam (ces ouvrages appartiennent tant aux écoles sunnites qu’ibadites ou shi’ites). Au niveau plus théorique, nous avons exploré le concept de « droit » du point de vue de la philosophie du droit – française tout particulièrement – et évoqué quelques-uns des problèmes méthodologiques des études islamiques « conventionnelles ».
Poésie, critique littéraire, herméneutique : renouveler la théologie en islam contemporain
Authors: Arminjon Constance
Published: July 2022

Comme l’année précédente, l’année académique 2020-2021 a été fortement troublée par l’épidémie de Covid. L’École ayant été fermée presque aussitôt après la rentrée d’octobre, nous avons été contraints d’enseigner à distance jusqu’à la fin du premier semestre. Et même après la réouverture de l’École en février 2021, une partie des étudiants seulement assistait aux enseignements en pleine présence. L’éloignement n’a pas seulement affecté la pédagogie. Il a nui à la vitalité du séminaire. L’isolement imposé a donné une singulière résonance aux réflexions d’un des auteurs étudiés, Nasr Hâmid Abû Zayd, sur le caractère existentiel de la recherche intellectuelle.
Histoire des courants ésotériques dans l’Europe moderne et contemporaine
Authors: Brach Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2022

À titre exceptionnel, le résumé de M. Jean-Pierre Brach pour l’année 2020-2021 paraîtra joint à celui de 2021-2022 dans le prochain Annuaire de l’EPHE (t. 130).
Féminités prophétiques
Authors: Bellio Alfonsina
Published: July 2022

Les conférences de l’année 2020-2021 ont complété un cycle biennal qui porte sur des spiritualités, que nous avons qualifiées de « prophétiques », dont la singularité est de s’agencer autour de formes de contact direct avec les morts, les anges, les saints et les figures divines. Religion, genre et politique d’un côté, anthropologie du corps et pratiques de guérison de l’autre, ont représenté les axes capitaux de ce cheminement. Ces thématiques renvoient au cadre général de l’émergence dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines de spiritualités et de pratiques souvent en conflit avec les formes instituées du religieux […]
Religions et relations internationales
Authors: Zuber Valentine
Published: July 2022

À la suite d’une année précédente extrêmement perturbée par la situation sanitaire, le programme « Droits de l’Homme et religions » du séminaire « Religions et relations internationales » – prévu initialement en 2019-2020 – a été poursuivi selon les modalités électroniques alors préconisées, avec un enseignement uniquement à distance via la plateforme GoToMeeting […]
Guerre des deux France et sécularisation au xixe siècle. Une perspective transnationale
Authors: Scholl Sarah
Published: July 2022

La mise en œuvre d’un programme laïque est reconnue comme l’une des spécificités de la France du xixe siècle, passant par une lutte contre le pouvoir de l’Église et du clergé. Pourtant, ces débats, parfois violents, se retrouvent dans tous les pays occidentaux durant la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, notamment sous le nom de Kulturkampf ou guerre pour la civilisation. Partout, État et Église (protestante ou catholique) sont en conflit autour de la définition de leurs prérogatives et de leur place dans la société. Ce séminaire s’est concentré sur une comparaison des cas de la France, de l’Italie, de la Suisse et de l’Allemagne pour montrer les circulations d’idées autour des questions de laïcisation de l’État, de gestion de la diversité religieuse et de transformation du christianisme.
Un moment marxisant : l’œuvre de George Rudé (1910-1993)
Authors: McPhee Peter
Published: July 2022

L’œuvre de George Rudé concerne les décennies entre le début de l’effondrement de l’Ancien Régime, soit les années 1770, et la consolidation de la société bourgeoise industrielle, à la suite des soulèvements populaires ratés de 1848. Au cœur de son travail sur cette période se trouve la transition sociale qui résulte de la mécanisation de l’économie urbaine, de la transition du « menu peuple » à la classe ouvrière, ainsi que les changements engendrés dans la nature de la protestation et de l’idéologie populaires. Pour quelques-uns, sa compréhension de l’idéologie reste trop mécanique ; pour d’autres, la « rudéfication » de la foule a rendu respectable la violence chaotique. Mais son œuvre demeure un modèle d’érudition, frappante par sa familiarité et son assurance avec les archives et l’historiographie, par son style fluide et élégant et surtout par son marxisme souple et de son intérêt pour l’histoire « vue d’en bas ».
Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History, London, Chapman and Hall, 1910, E. J. Sullivan and Me
Authors: Mainz Valerie
Published: July 2022

Using a posthumous illustrated 1910 edition of The French Revolution by Thomas Carlyle, a deeply personal and heavily inflected history that was first published in 1837, the article considers the contributions to that history of the graphic artist E. J. Sullivan. The visual imagery contained within the two volumes of the history book reveals the artist to be someone of independent spirit with his own creative contributions to make to certain issues raised by Carlyle, particularly those of court corruption and of mob violence during The Terror. Sullivan’s use of symbols echoes something of Carlyle’s approach to the writing of history with further layers of interpretation and reception arising from the political, social and artistic contexts of England in 1910. Here the pictures are, furthermore, not subservient to the text for the reader/viewer is not merely being invited to consider the appropriateness of what has been depicted; rather I hope to show further how the experience of history can accrue performatively as well as over time.
« Le ciel est aristocrate » : les fêtes révolutionnaires françaises vues par la presse britannique
Authors: Duthille Rémy
Published: July 2022

La réception des fêtes révolutionnaires françaises par la presse britannique vient enrichir l’étude des réactions à la Révolution. La réception de la fête de la Fédération est favorable. La presse se passionne pour les moindres détails et des entrepreneurs commercialisent la fête en Angleterre, en particulier au théâtre. Pourtant, des critiques se font jour dès juillet 1790, soit avant la publication des Réflexions d’Edmund Burke. Les journaux scrutent bientôt dans les fêtes des indices d’échec du processus révolutionnaire. La panthéonisation de Voltaire permet la diffusion de textes philosophiques des Lumières françaises, mais l’attitude britannique devient de plus en hostile. La fête de l’Être suprême en arrive à symboliser la tyrannie de Robespierre et à construire sa légende noire. La presse utilise des stéréotypes francophobes et les réactualise au fil de l’actualité révolutionnaire.
A liberal voice and a Fabian: Alfred Cobban
Authors: Pilbeam Pamela
Published: July 2022

This article discusses Alfred Cobban’s liberal beliefs. It also reveals for the first time that he was a Fabian socialist. Cobban was Professor of French History at University College, London, from 1953 to his death in 1968. Cobban was outstanding both for his scholarship, his numerous publications on modern French history and his supervision of an impressive number of doctoral students, particularly women, who went on both to publish and to become professors in universities in Britain and in Canada. Cobban’s outstanding books on Rousseau, on the Enlightenment, in particular on the French Revolution, and also well-known studies of contemporary politics, display his liberalism, his belief in individual freedom, democracy and change through gradual reform. Cobban joined the Fabian socialists when he was an undergraduate. Fabians were hostile to change through revolution, had no time for Marxism and argued that a socialist society would emerge through parliamentary reform. Such views correspond to Cobban’s ideas on 1789, in which he was in profound disagreement with leading French revolutionary historians such as Professor Ernest Labrousse. French liberal historians including Professor François Furet and Professor Leroy-Ladurie shared Cobban’s views that 1789 was primarily a political revolution.
De William Jackson à Theobald Wolfe Tone : un lobby irlandais entre le Comité de Salut public et le Directoire ?
Authors: Ferradou Mathieu
Published: July 2022

L’historiographie consacrée à l’expédition d’Irlande en 1796 s’est longtemps concentrée sur ses aspects militaires et n’a que peu analysé les conditions (géo)politiques qui l’ont rendue possible. L’ouvrage essentiel sur ce point reste celui de Marianne Elliott, Partners in Revolution. Pourtant, celle-ci, en se concentrant principalement sur Theobald Wolfe Tone, a singularisé son action et l’a isolée dans la chronologie du Directoire. Replacer Tone dans un contexte plus large permet de mettre en évidence le rôle-clé des intermédiaires culturels irlandais, notamment Nicolas Madgett, chef du bureau des traductions, institution centrale qui a assuré la continuité du projet révolutionnaire irlandais entre le Comité de Salut public et le Directoire, et dont l’action est perceptible dans la chaîne d’écriture formée de nombreux mémoires (dont certains sont identifiés ici pour la première fois). La contribution de Tone apparaît alors plus nettement : il a « déchouannisé » le Directoire.
La Révolution française dans l’historiographie anglaise
Authors: Forrest Alan , Serna Pierre
Published: July 2022

Dès le mois de juillet 1789, la Révolution française fut un sujet de réflexion , de discussion et de polémique intense dans les Îles britanniques. La France allait-elle revivre « une glorieuse révolution » comme celle de 1688, ou bien allait-elle affronter l’adversité de la République née en 1649 après l’exécution du roi Charles Ier ? Depuis plus de deux cent trente ans, une somme d’interprétations a été produite de l’autre côté de la Manche pour comprendre cet événement monstre dont les Britanniques voulurent se protéger, tout en ne cessant de le commenter. Ce numéro de LRF propose des contributions d’historiennes et d’historiens qui tracent le cadre historiographique et dressent le bilan des études ainsi que des nouveaux champs de recherches. Les articles rendent compte de cette « étrange étrangeté » que fut la Révolution française pour les habitants du Royaume-Uni, et de la vitalité des recherches encore aujourd’hui menées pour comprendre ce duel interminable entre les deux meilleurs ennemis de l’époque moderne, et ce jusqu’à Waterloo…
Implementing an intensified mentorship approach towards accelerated medical laboratory accreditation in 10 counties in Kenya
Authors: Musau Susan K. , Mwachari Christina , Kirui Elvis , Muthoni Junghae , Lascko Taylor , Blanco Natalia , Abimiku Alash'le , Koech Emily
Published: July 2022

Background: Despite Kenya’s roll-out of the Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation programme in 2010, most laboratories had not made significant or tangible improvements towards accreditation by 2016. In April 2016, the University of Maryland, Baltimore enrolled 27 facilities in the standard Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation programme.Objective: This study aimed to describe and evaluate the implementation of an intensified mentorship strategy on laboratory accreditation.Methods: In October 2017, the University of Maryland, Baltimore implemented intensive mentorship in 27 hospital laboratories in Nairobi, Kiambu, Meru, Embu, Muranga, Nyeri, Laikipia, Nyandarua, Tharaka-Nithi, and Kirinyaga counties in Kenya. Laboratories were paired with competent mentors whose skills were matched to facility gaps. Baseline and follow-up assessments were done between April 2016 and March 2019 using the World Health Organization’s Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation Checklist and overall scores of the 12 Quality System Essentials and star ratings (from zero to five, based on scores) used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intensified mentorship.Results: In September 2017, 14 laboratories scored zero stars, three scored one star, eight scored two stars, one scored three stars, and one laboratory was accredited. By March 2019, eight laboratories were accredited, five scored four stars, 10 scored three stars, three scored two stars, and only one scored one star. The average score change with the intensified approach was 81.5 versus 53.9 for the standard approach.Conclusion: The intensified mentorship strategy resulted in fast-tracked progress towards laboratory accreditation and can be adopted in similar resource-limited settings.
Studying the Islamic lifestyle and academic success of Russian Muslim students
Authors: Abdullah Zuraidah , Komariah Aan , V. Sirotkina Natalia , Achmad Kurniady Dedy , Sunaengsih Cucun , Pavlovna Panova Elena
Published: July 2022

The notion of lifestyle has recently attracted the attention of various scholars as a social science concept. For thousands of years, human beings attempted to realise and manage their lifestyles, and governments have tried to influence the lifestyles of their people. Nevertheless, the definition of lifestyle and its conceptualisation is relatively new. Lifestyle means the specific method of living of an individual, group or community. Lifestyles include a set of values, behaviours, moods and tastes that can refer to the interests, opinions, behaviours and behavioural orientations of an individual, group or culture. The Islamic way of life follows a grand plan of behaviour according to which all life is a movement to get closer to God. This plan, however, is dynamic and always demands adjustment. In a desirable religious life, all actions and situations can be called worship. People’s lifestyles and the path they choose for themselves are deeply related to their success in life. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Islamic lifestyle on the academic success of Russian Muslim students in 2021. In total, 2000 graduate students of Kazan, Russia were studied in this research. According to the results of mean analysis in SPSS, the academic success of the students who followed the Islamic lifestyle was reported to be higher than the mean level (more than 3 out of 5). Furthermore, according to the Structural Equation Modeling in LESREL, the Islamic lifestyle has a positive significant effect on the students’ academic success (p-value: 0.83; t-value: 7.92).Contribution: Amongst the various factors that can influence students’ academic success, the current research focused on the Islamic lifestyle. The findings of the present study offered a new insight into the relationship between the Islamic lifestyle and academic success in Russia.
Investigating the mediating role of moral identity on the relationship between spiritual intelligence and Muslims’ self-esteem
Authors: Boudlaie Hasan , Boghosian Albert , Ahmad Israr , Mohammed Wafqan Hussam , Suardi Wekke Ismail , Makhmudova Aziza
Published: July 2022

One of the critical crises observed in human society, especially in the so-called advanced and industrial societies, is the spiritual crisis. Spirituality in various types of cultural and religious concepts is considered a spiritual path one in which can achieve something like a high level of consciousness, wisdom or union with God. In addition, self-esteem is a sense of worth. This feeling comes from the sum of our thoughts, feelings, emotions and experiences throughout life. Dignity also means honour and pride, which has been mentioned many times in the Qur’an. In contrast to dignity, there is humiliation, which means lack of dignity in which one simply accepts defeat. Religious teachings, especially Islamic teachings, do not summarise dignity as wealth, luxury and the enjoyment of material possibilities, but interprets dignity as spirituality, and liberation from the shackles of worldliness, which give Muslims a moral identity. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of moral identity between spiritual intelligence and self-esteem of Muslims. The statistical population includes 834 Muslim employees working in 20 branches of one Iranian university. Necessary data were collected by standard questionnaires. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis in SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) were used to analyse the data. According to the results of the analysis, there is a positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-esteem of Muslims. There is also a positive relationship between moral identity and self-esteem. Furthermore, moral identity plays a mediating role in the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-esteem, and it strengthens this relationship.Contribution: The present study proves the mediating role of ethical identity on the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-esteem in an Islamic society.
Erratum: The contribution of family physicians in coordinating care and improving access at district hospitals: The False Bay experience, South Africa
Authors: Rossouw Liezel , Lalkhen Hoosain , Adamson Kaashiefah , Von Pressentin Klaus B.
Published: July 2022

No abstract available.
Factors influencing treatment adherence in hypertension and HIV management in South Africa: A comparative literature review
Authors: Enslin Dimitra , Mallya Prabhakar
Published: July 2022

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in South Africa (SA), with one in three people over the age of 25 suffering from HTN. Whilst human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are the leading causes of death in South Africa, CVD is in the top 10 causes of death, demonstrating the importance of detecting and controlling blood pressure early on. This study aimed to review adherence factors to antihypertensive medication and antiretroviral therapy (ART) and evaluate the resulting factors influencing adherence discrepancies within the South African population.Methods: A comprehensive literature review was carried out. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane and Embase were searched for English publications between 2000 and 2021.Results: A total of 50 articles covering quantitative and qualitative studies were included. Many studies identified poor adherence levels to antihypertensive treatment, reaching a substandard adherence rate of 41.9%, whilst most studies on the HIV-positive population reported good levels of adherence, with adherence rates of more than 90%. Being of the male gender, advanced age, low socioeconomic status and a low level of education were associated with unsatisfactory adherence rates in both groups. Within the HIV group, more participants had better knowledge concerning the extent of their disease and its required treatments.Conclusion: The results present substandard adherence levels to antihypertensives compared with antiretroviral (ARV) adherence, despite the influence of more non-adherence factors in the HIV group. The authors recommend better adherence counselling for patients with HTN during every clinic visit, regular healthcare worker training and the implementation of ART adherence programmes in patients with hypertension.
Conducting clinical research in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and lessons for Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology research
Authors: Khoza-Shangase Katijah , Monroe Nomfundo , Sebothoma Ben
Published: July 2022

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented new and unanticipated challenges to the academic training and performance of clinical research at undergraduate and postgraduate levels of training. This highlighted the need for reimagining research designs and methods to ensure continued generation of knowledge – a core function of a research-intensive university. Whilst adhering to government regulations geared towards protecting both the research participants and researchers, innovative research methods are required.Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to explore published evidence on innovative clinical research methods and processes employed during COVID-19 and to document challenges encountered and lessons that the fields of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology can learn.Methods: Electronic bibliographic databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, ProQuest were searched to identify peer-reviewed publications, published in English, between 2019 and 2021, related to innovative clinical research methods and processes applied where in-person contact is regulated.Results: Significant challenges with conducting research in the COVID-19 era were identified, with important lessons learned and numerous opportunities that have relevance for this pandemic era and beyond. These findings are presented under 10 themes that emerged that highlight important considerations for research methods and processes during a pandemic and beyond. The findings of this study also raise implications for telehealth from which low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where resource challenges exist, can benefit.Conclusion: Challenges and opportunities identified in this review have relevance for the field of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology as far as current and future (beyond COVID-19) clinical research planning is concerned.
The relationship between job-hopping motives and congruence
Authors: Hall Amy A. , Morgan Brandon , Redelinghuys Kleinjan
Published: July 2022

Orientation: Many organisational turnover and vocational counselling studies have investigated the outcomes associated with person–environment fit. However, few studies have investigated the potential individual difference variables that might lead to person–environment fit.Research purpose: This study set out to investigate the relationship between job-hopping motives and interest–environment fit (i.e. congruence).Motivation for the study: Job-hopping motives reflect individual difference motives that are thought to lead to voluntary turnover behaviour over and above environmental factors. We investigated the hypothesis that these motives might lead to people entering jobs that are congruent with their interests.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional survey research design was used. The Job-Hopping Motives Scale was administered to 197 adults. Multiple linear regression and ridge regression were used to investigate the proposed relationships.Main findings: Job-hopping motives were related to congruence, with the escape motive showing a negative partial linear relationship with congruence and the advance motive showing no partial linear relationship with congruence.Practical/managerial implications: Our results suggest that people who have a propensity to frequently change jobs might tend to enter a job that does not necessarily match their interests. This in turn might lead to some of the negative outcomes associated with working in so-called incongruent environments, or alternatively, potentially lead to a cycle of entering and leaving jobs throughout a person’s career.Contribution/value-add: We provide evidence that job-hopping motives might be an organisational-relevant individual difference variable that might lead to working in a congruent or incongruent environment.
Government communication in times of crisis: The priorities and trends in South Africa’s response to COVID-19
Authors: John Sokfa F. , Maama Haruna , Ojogiwa Oluwaseun T. , Mubangizi Betty C.
Published: July 2022

The effectiveness of a government’s communication, especially in times of crisis, is crucial to its legitimacy, reputation, disaster management and its ability to ensure the wellbeing of its people. This paper examines the focus and trends in press statements published on South Africa’s official coronavirus website during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Government decisions, successes and challenges were frequently communicated to the public through these statements. The study aimed to understand what was communicated regarding government’s priorities and the factors that shaped them. Data were extracted from 483 press statements published between 05 March 2020 and 15 January 2021. Thematic analysis and mean scores were used to identify the focus and trends in the messages, while the Wilcoxon signed rank test (WSRT) was used to identify the significance of the changes in the mean scores. The results showed a coordinated and persistent effort to inform the public with credible, accurate, timely and empowering information. The most persistent priority of the government was to control the spread of the virus, while several issues relating to the socio-economic wellbeing of the people were prioritised at different stages of the pandemic. There was a parallel movement between the trajectory of the disease and government decisions, suggesting that government response was mostly reactive to the behaviour of the pandemic. The South African government needs to be more proactive in its disaster response and demonstrate a nuanced understanding of its citizens and their challenges.
A tale of two Tamars: Domestic violence in the Hebrew Bible
Authors: Karman Yonky
Published: July 2022

Jacqueline Vayntrub argues that the date-palm root helps us see the link metaphor between two Tamar figures in Genesis 38 and 2 Samuel 13. However, it is more appropriate to see its fruit as the link metaphor, although in a negative way. Their bitter experiences of domestic violence are not as sweet as the date-palm fruit. Tamar’s basic right to progeny and motherhood is violated. In the case of David’s Tamar, the culture of silence does not allow her to voice her pain and the perpetrator is granted impunity from the inaction of the administrator of justice. To show how domestic violence occurs in both texts and how they imply things important for the paternal authority and the victim to do, I will do a close reading and some word study.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article expands the issue of sexual violence against women, not only physically but also the violation of their basic rights to a decent life because of the unequal power relations based on gender. This study provides a biblical basis for public theology and sociological understanding of domestic violence.
Transitional Care Units: Expanding the Role of Pharmacists Providing Patient Care
Authors: Reidt Shannon , Sibicky Stephanie , Yarabinec Ashley
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE: To describe two innovative practice models that expand pharmacy services within a nursing facility's transitional care unit (TCU) to meet the needs of patients transitioning to subacute or community care. SETTING: TCU in a hospital-based vs. a community-based facility. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: The two TCUs involved in these practices differ in that one is hospital-owned and the other is community-based and run by a nonprofit organization. Patients involved in the models are those who have been admitted to the TCU from a hospital and will eventually return home to the community. PRACTICE INNOVATION: Pharmacy services beyond the federally required, monthly drug regimen review are described, including pharmacist-conducted medication reconciliation, which identifies the drugs the patient is taking on admission and those prescribed before discharge from the TCU. Post-TCU discharge follow-up is also provided via telephone call or home visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Description of practice models. RESULTS: Timely medication reconciliation and review on TCU admission is key to safe medication use during transitions of care. Incorporating pharmacy students and residents can promote awareness of the service. Partnerships with health systems and colleges or schools of pharmacy can provide financial support of these innovative practice models. CONCLUSION: Pharmacist-driven medication reconciliation and review can improve medication safety across transitions of care involving TCUs. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of these models on outcomes before they are replicated.
Energizing Process for Levitating the Boat Vehicle Attached with Air Vessels at Static Conditions: A Novel Method of Waterway Transportation
Authors: Jaikumar M. , Samy S. Arulanantha , Jaiganesh S. , Hariram V.
Published: July 2022

Levitation generally refers to the force that resists gravitational force in any particular direction. This article postulates an experimental setup that is used to describe the application of hydrostatic force for developing a new mode of hovering-based levitation system. This research work explores how a new hovering process can be created with the help of a water vehicle attached to the air vessels. With this hovering process, it is likely to test that the lateral force of the water acts on the bottom of the boat vehicle and creates a new levitation system. By minimizing the resistance forces such as rolling, aerodynamic and skin friction resistances, it is possible to ensure that new modes of transportation systems such as Maglev and Hyperloop were introduced. The relationship between the amount of water in the open rectangular channel, the draft value of the boat vehicle, the volume of air vessels attached and the payload is estimated. In both boat vehicle models with and without air vessels, changes in buoyancy, changes in draft value and changes in the momentum of the water beneath the vessel are experimentally tested and compared. This comparative study confirms the formation of levitation on a boat vehicle to which air vessels are attached. Thus, with a boat model attached to the open-bottomed air vessels, the hovering process is tested and demonstrated how much the levitating force developed at static conditions. In the future, this method can be used as a low-cost levitation method in the transportation sector.
Investigation of Flow Separation Over NACA 24015 and 24021 Airfoils using Flow Injection Method
Authors: Sai Priyanka K. , Muruga Lal Jeyan J.V. , Sabari Vihar R.
Published: July 2022

Few explorations used different stream control techniques to work on the streamlined presentation of different airfoils by postponing the stream partition. In this paper, a complete investigation of NACA 24015 and NACA 24021 airfoils was done in CFD at different approaches for various free stream speeds. CATIA V5 R20 was utilized to make the 2D model of the airfoils and the SST K-e disturbance model was used for CFD investigation. Full investigation is performed on a typical airfoil to comprehend the stream conduct at different point of assaults and admission speeds and the equivalent is accomplished for vented airfoils also by concentrating on the suitability of the log jam surrendering approach.
Development of an Advanced Vehicle Restraint System with an Adaptive Steering Column for Special Consideration of Small Occupants
Authors: Bentgens F. , Koenig P. , Mueller M. , Jaikumar M. , Hariram V.
Published: July 2022

Research work was performed on adaptive steering columns that can be integrated in passenger cars and could minimize injuries to the occupants in frontal car crashes. Steering columns are typically equipped with a deformation device, which allows limited forward displacement of the steering wheel when being impacted dynamically by the occupant. As these features perform on pre-described force levels, they deform less when loaded with lower energy, so e.g. when impacted by a smaller occupant. So especially for small occupants the maximum available forward displacement is not used, these passengers will be decelerated on a higher g-level than needed. A component simulation model with a standard restraint system was set up using Hypermesh and LS-Dyna to investigate kinematics and injury pattern for all available dummy sizes (5-50-95%ile). For the steering column, a damping device was developed allowing adaptive force levels with help of magneto-rheological fluids. This advanced safety feature could improve safety for a wide range of occupants in passenger cars and will help to minimize or even prevent injuries.
Corrosion Performance of Annealed Electroless Ni-B Coatings on Mild Steel
Authors: Leon S.J. , Jappes J.T.W. , Sahayaraj M.E.
Published: July 2022

The coating of Ni-B on mild steel substrate using electroless plating and corrosion performance after annealing at temperatures of varied levels for an hour was researched. The result showed the electroless Ni-B coating was amorphous while coated and also after annealing at 400°C for about one-hour, crystalline nickel and borides of nickel were formed. The corrosion test was carried out using the as-coated and annealed samples in the electro chemical analyser. The sodium chloride solution of 3.5 wt. % was used as a medium of corrosion for the test. The micro strain and crystallite size were calculated from the XRD as a result of which, the annealing temperature raised the rate of corrosion on the coating.
Thermal Conductivity Enhancing Mechanisms of Nickel-Water Nanofluids
Authors: Selvaraj T. , Devanand M.
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, nanofluids proved as a capable choice to the traditional heat transfer agents. In this study, Nickel (Ni)-distilled water (DW) nanofluids consisting sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) dispersant at 0.1 vol.% and 0.3 vol.% are coined by two-step technique. The Ni nanomaterials are characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The temperature and nanomaterial volume fraction dependent thermal conductivity is accurately estimated through 3ω technique within the range of the temperature of 30°C-60°C. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity improves with increasing Ni concentration and temperature. Further, this study discusses the factors affecting the thermal conductivity of Ni nanomaterial dispersed DW and possible thermal conductivity enhancing mechanisms of different volume fractions of Ni-DW nanofluids.
Performance Analysis on Chicken Slaughter Waste Extracted Biodiesel on DI Engines
Authors: Dinesh R. , Stanly Jones Retnam B. , Devanand M.
Published: July 2022

Chicken slaughter waste became a very huge problem in day today life due to increased consumption of the chicken. The poultry waste was exempted out after the removal of flesh which comprises of more than 70-75% of the bird and the blood is about 2% and which could be processed and used in the manufacture of the fertilizer and feeds for the fish and animals. Apart from that mostly the head and the feet could be too consumed as soup in most part of the world. The main left outs are mostly the feather wings, the skin and the intestinal parts of the bird which could not be effectively used as the above three. But as we know very well that, these are rich in protein and are on processing could be converted to fuel. The various test conducted on these fuels shows that it possesses a high cetane rating value of more than seventy. Better the cetane number will have better quality in the complete combustion of the fuel inside the combustion chamber. This helps to increase the delay in time required for initiating the combustion process. This extracted oil is blended with diesel in varying percentage and converted to biodiesel and were tested in the diesel engine. The tests show a much-enhanced performance when compared with the pure diesel alone.
Characteristics of a CRDI Engine Fuelled by Waste Transformer Oil with High Fuel Injection Pressure
Authors: Prasanna Raj Yadav S. , Sureshkumar K. , Ganesh B.V. , Aravindkumar M. , Gnanaprakash A.
Published: July 2022

The impact of fuel injection pressure on the characteristics of the CRDI Diesel Injection system powered by Transesterified Waste Transformer Oil (TWTO) is investigated in this study. It was discovered in a previous experimental study that when transesterified waste transformer oil is utilised as a fuel in a normal diesel engine, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is dwindled because of the combustion characteristics of TWTO and its blends. TWTO25 blends shows comparable results to that of convention diesel fuel and higher blends exhibited lower characteristics with standard operational parameters due to their higher viscosity. In light of this, experimental research was conducted in the current study to improve the performance of TWTO25 blend in diesel engines with high fuel injection pressure. The fuel injection pressure is varied from 22MPa to 88MPa to achieve better atomization which intern increases the engine performance. Peak fuel injection pressure exhibits an improvement in brake thermal efficiency of 6.67% compared with neat diesel. In terms of emission attributes, the CO, HC and smoke level continuously tumble down with an upsurge in fuel injection pressure due to the well-atomized spray.
Analysis on Ackermann Error of Steering System using Variable Length Tie-Rod mechanism
Authors: Saravanakumar S. , Selvarasu S. , Babu T. , Kamaleshkumar R. , Dineshkumar V.
Published: July 2022

The steering system in conjunction with the suspension system, provides control and stability of an automobile. Most of the vehicles are installed with the steering system that works on Ackermann steering geometry. The Ackermann steering geometry ensures true rolling motion and is widely used because of its simplicity and compactness. Although this mechanism ensures true rolling motion there is still some error in the mechanism. This paper is an approach to optimize the Ackermann mechanism by using a continuously variable tie rod in the place of a rigid tie rod.
Effects of Annealing, Solution Treatment and Ageing in Argon Atmosphere on the Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Rohith I.J. , Devanand M.
Published: July 2022

This paper has studied the mechanical and microstructural behavior of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy after annealing, solution treatment and ageing at various temperature conditions in Argon (Ar) inert gas atmosphere to prevent oxidation. The microstructural behavior of the alloy was studied using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The mechanical behaviors were studied by tensile and impact test. The microstructural and mechanical behavior of the metal after the heat treatments were analyzed and the results reveal that the mechanical and microstructural properties of titanium Ti6Al4V alloy are altered by doing solution treatment and ageing. The ductility increases initially, but in the later stages it decreases drastically while the yield strength and ultimate strength enhanced remarkably. The mechanical and microstructural properties of titanium Ti6Al4V alloy can be improved when the alloy is subjected to annealing, solution treatment and ageing.
Investigation and Optimization of Process Parameters of Abrasive Water Jet Cutting on C360 Brass Alloy through Design of Experiments
Authors: Joel C. , Joel Linda , Sankar P. Athi
Published: July 2022

Many scientists concentrate on features of water jet cutting by researching various input parameters, abrasive mesh sizes to improve improved processing conditions without the expense. In this work, the treatment of abrasive water jet should be planned to ensure minimal surface roughness and maximum substrate removal. C360 brass alloy is considered to optimize the parameters for cutting including the abrasive feed, stand-off distance and nozzle speeds via the design of experiments supported with response surface methodology.
Design and Analysis of Artillery Rocket Launcher Tube Mounted on Truck
Authors: Patil K.R. , Nagarkarc Ish N. , Kulkarni Nishad C. , Khadkea Satyajeet S.
Published: July 2022

The artillery rocket launcher system uses rocket explosives as the projectile mounted on a truck for short and long-range warfare. It consists of a launcher tube in which rockets are loaded which endures very high force, pressure and temperature during the firing of artillery rockets. The study aimed to optimize the artillery rocket launcher tube for geometry, material and cost without compromising the safety and structural stability. The structural and thermal integrity analyses by using the FEA model were performed by considering three thicknesses of the launcher tube viz. 10 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm and three composite materials such as E-glass fiber/epoxy, aramid fiber/epoxy, and carbon fiber/epoxy. The failure analysis of the launcher tube according to the Tsai-Wu failure criterion was obtained from Ansys APDL software. It shows that the maximum value of failure criteria as 0.579 which is less than 1. Overall, the optimum performance artillery rocket launcher tube has been found as the one with E-glass fiber/epoxy composite material with 15 mm thickness.
Failure Investigation of Primary Suspension Spring of Train Bogie based on Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Dhaware Prashant Abhiman , Arunkumar G.
Published: July 2022

The primary suspension system has a helical compression spring for axial and lateral deformation. The spring absorbs the shock at track curvature. The traditional system uses Chrome Vanadium spring materials that need to be replaced after 70-90 days. The static performance of the spring under different compressive loads is evaluated using finite element analysis. The maximum shear stress is the lowest for the 60Si2MnA material. Since the spring doesn’t fail in static conditions, dynamic analysis is carried out by using finite element analysis. The results given by the FFT analyser excitation frequency and natural frequency are close to each other.