bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phonon dressing of a facilitated one-dimensional Rydberg lattice gas
Authors: Magoni Matteo , Mazza Paolo , Lesanovsky Igor
Published: August 2022

We study the dynamics of a one-dimensional Rydberg lattice gas under facilitation (anti-blockade) conditions which implements a so-called kinetically constrained spin system. Here an atom can only be excited to a Rydberg state when one of its neighbors is already excited. Once two or more atoms are simultaneously excited mechanical forces emerge, which couple the internal electronic dynamics of this many-body system to external vibrational degrees of freedom in the lattice. This electron-phonon coupling results in a so-called phonon dressing of many-body states which in turn impacts on the facilitation dynamics. In our theoretical study we focus on a scenario in which all energy scales are sufficiently separated such that a perturbative treatment of the coupling between electronic and vibrational states is possible. This allows to analytically derive an effective Hamiltonian for the evolution of clusters of consecutive Rydberg excitations in the presence of phonon dressing. We analyze the spectrum of this Hamiltonian and show --- by employing Fano resonance theory --- that the interaction between Rydberg excitations and lattice vibrations leads to the emergence of slowly decaying bound states that inhibit fast relaxation of certain initial states.
EVALUATION OF SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION BY URBAN SEWAGE IN A STRETCH OF CAPIBARIBE RIVER, PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL
Authors: Gomes Bruna , França Rebeca , Moraes Alex , Bataglion Giovana , Santos Jandyson
Published: August 2022

Anthropic activities are responsible for the increase in environmental contamination, especially in aquatic systems, demanding studies to assess and monitor contamination levels in different water bodies. We have done a chemical characterization of eleven sediments in order to evaluate the level of contamination by domestic sewage from the Capibaribe River, between the cities of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe and Toritama in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The classical analyses were performed, as well as the determination of sterol biomarkers using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Sterol ratios corroborated the presence of fecal-derived organic matter, mainly in the sediments collected in regions of higher population occupation. The multivariate statistical analysis clearly showed the regions from the most contaminated to the least contaminated, indicating the severe contamination by domestic sewage in the region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess anthropic contamination of the Capibaribe River by using sterol biomarkers and classical analyses in an integrative data interpretation. This can be helpful when making decisions about preventive and corrective actions for human health concerns.
Grain-size model for hydraulic conductivity estimation of porous media
Authors: Chandel Abhishish , Shankar Vijay
Published: August 2022

Hydraulic conductivity (k) is an important hydraulic parameter of porous media, and its accurate prediction plays a vital role in sub-surface flow investigations. The study uses the borehole soil samples to develop a k model using parameters, effective grain-size (d10), and standard deviation (σ). The influence of d10 and σ on the k and evaluation of k values via four empirical models is also assessed in this study. For soil samples, the k increases with the increase in the d10 grain-size and decreases with the increase in the σ value. The evaluation of k via empirical models infers that the Hazen model performs well in the estimation of k values. The evaluation of k using various statistical indicators points towards low error statistics (MAE, RMSE, and BIAS) and high determination coefficient (R2) between the measured and developed model-based k values, which substantiate the efficacy of the developed model as compared to the existing empirical models for estimating the k. To establish the versatility of the developed grain-size model, its validation was done using independent soil samples for estimating k values.
El efecto del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP, Barrera Arcaya Franco , Venegas-Muggli Juan I. ,   Instituto Profesional INACAP, Ibacache Plaza Loreto ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP
Published: August 2022

La presente investigación busca evidenciar la mejora en el resultado académico de los estudiantes que cursan una asignatura donde se aplicó el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABPro) como estrategia didáctica. La experiencia se desarrolló con estudiantes del curso Evaluación de Proyectos del programa de Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Administración de Empresas de la sede Calama de la Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP. La iniciativa se enmarca en los desafíos que enfrentan las instituciones de educación superior por la puesta en práctica de alternativas pedagógicas relacionadas con el aprendizaje activo y la innovación en la enseñanza. Para la evaluación de su efecto sobre el rendimiento académico, se llevaron a cabo dos cuasi-experimentos con grupos de control diferentes. Los resultados muestran que el ABPro tiene un efecto positivo y significativo sobre las calificaciones de los estudiantes. Detalles del artículo
Entering the Sugar Rush Era: Revisiting the Antihyperglycemic
Activities of Biguanides after a Century of Metformin Discovery
Authors: de Oliveira Neto Xisto Antonio , Barssotti Leticia , Fiori-Duarte Ana Thereza , de Lima Barbosa Helena Cristina , Kawano Daniel Fábio
Published: August 2022

The development of clinically viable metformin analogs is a challenge largely to be overcome. Despite being an extremely efficient drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple studies were conducted seeking to improve its hypoglycemic activity or to ameliorate aspects such as the low oral absorption and the incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. Furthermore, efforts have been made to attribute new activities, or even to expand the pre-existing ones, that could enhance its effects in the diabetes, such as pancreas-protective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this manuscript, we describe the analogs of metformin developed in the last three decades, highlighting the lack of computationally based rational approaches to guide their development. We also discuss this is probably a consequence of how unclear the mechanism of action of the parent drug is and highlight the recent advances towards establishment of the main molecular target(s) for metformin. We also explored the binding of metformin, buformin and phenformin to the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I through molecular docking analyses and reviewed the prospects of applying computational tools to improve the success in the development of such analogs. Therefore, it becomes evident the wide range of molecular targets, as well as the multiple activities displayed by metformin, make this drug a promising prototype for the development of novel entities, particularly for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Structure–property Relationships of Clinically Approved Protein
Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Choi Kihang
Published: August 2022

Background:

Protein kinase inhibitors have become one of the most successful classes of small-molecule drugs during the last decades. In modern drug discovery, considering ‘drug-like’ physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties as early as possible in drug design is widely acknowledged as an important strategy to reduce drug attrition rates.

Methods:

In this review, clinically approved 25 protein kinase inhibitors and their key analogues reported in medicinal chemistry literature were compared for their biological, physicochemical, and pharmacokinetic properties. Although there is no common trajectory to follow through complex drug discovery campaigns, knowledge of the structure–activity relationship obtained from the successful lead optimization studies might be extended to other drug design efforts.

Results:

Among more than 70 protein kinase inhibitors clinically approved around the world, the structure–activity relationships of 25 inhibitors and their key analogues are compiled from medicinal chemistry literature, in which detailed results from the ‘lead-to-candidate’ stage are available with associated property data. For the other inhibitors, such information has not been disclosed in the literature, or the available data is limited and not sufficient to provide clear structural analysis.

Conclusion:

The structure–property relationships summarized for 25 inhibitors and their analogues illustrate general guidelines for lead optimization and candidate selection, and this information could be extended for better property-based drug design in the future.
New Ferrocene Formates Bearing Isoxazole Moieties: Synthesis, Characterization,
X-ray Crystallography, and Preliminarily Cytotoxicity against A549, HCT116, and
MCF-7 Cell Lines
Authors: Yong Jianping , Lu Canzhong , Yang Minxue , Wu Xiaoyuan
Published: August 2022

Aims:

To develop new anticancer agents based on ferrocene core.

Background:

Cancer has become the major cause of human death globally. The death caused by cancer mainly
focuses on lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, carcinoma of the colon, and rectum. Some small molecular
inhibitors have been authorized by FDA for the treatment of cancer and several candidates are in different phases
of clinical trials. However, cancer chemotherapy is still highly inadequate. Thus, it is indispensable to develop
novel anticancer agents.

Objective:

Based on the previous good results, twelve novel structures of ferrocene formates bearing isoxazole
moiety (3a-3l) were synthesized in this work for the development of anticancer agents.

Methods:

The target compounds were synthesized using Ferrocenecarboxylic acid and 3-[(R)-substitutedphenyl]-
isoxazole-5-methanol catalyzed by DCC and DMAP. The structures of target compounds were characterized
by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, HR-MS and XRD. Then, their preliminarily in vitro cytotoxicity against
A549, HCT116, and MCF-7 cell lines was evaluated using the MTT method.

Results:

The results showed that most compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against A549, HCT116, and
MCF-7 cell lines compared with the positive control gefitinib. However, (3b, 3c, 3e, 3j, and 3k) simultaneously
exhibited stronger inhibitory activity against A549, HCT116, and MCF-7 cell lines, which can be regarded as
promising metal-based lead compounds for the development of anticancer agents.

Conclusion:

In this work, twelve new structures of ferrocene derivatives containing isozaole moiety were
synthesized and their cytotoxicity against 549, HCT116, and MCF-7 cell lines was evaluated. (3b, 3c, 3e, 3j,
and 3k) simultaneously exhibited stronger inhibitory activity towards A549, HCT116, and MCF-7 cell lines,
which can be regarded as promising metal-based lead compounds for the development of anticancer agents.
The Role of Dehydroepiandrosterone in Improving in vitro Fertilization
Outcome in Patients with DOR/POR: A Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis
Authors: Qu Bing , Wang Jing , Liu Bowen , Wen Jing
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective:

Although many trials have evaluated the use of dehydroepiandrosterone
to improve outcomes in poor responders undergoing assisted reproductive technology
treatment, evidence supporting this approach is controversial. We aimed to conduct a systematic
review and meta-analysis of existing published data to further elucidate and supplement the use of
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to improve the effectiveness of vitro fertilization in patients with
diminished ovarian reserve or adverse ovarian reactions.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science databases were searched
through December 2020. Oocyte yield, metaphase II oocytes, fertilized oocytes, top-quality embryos,
clinical pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and live birth rate were analyzed as relative outcomes.
Meta-analysis was performed and fitted to both fixed-effects models and random-effects models.

Results:

Eight prospective randomized controlled studies, five prospective case-control studies, and
three retrospective cohort studies were conducted with a total of 1998 participants. Meta-analyses of
these studies showed a significantly higher number of oocytes retrieved (WMD 1.09, 95% CI 0.38
to 1.80), metaphase II oocytes (WMD 0.78, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.40), fertilized oocytes (WMD 0.84,
95% CI 0.42 to 1.26), top-quality embryos (WMD 0.60, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.86), clinical pregnancy
rate (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.61), and ongoing pregnancy rate (RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.46),
although there was no difference in live birth rate (RR 1.35, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.94) in the DHEA supplementation
groups compared with that in the control groups.

Conclusion:

Oral DHEA supplementation appears to improve some IVF outcomes. On the basis of
this limited evidence, we conclude that further studies are required to provide sufficient data.
Identification of the Origin, Authenticity and Quality of Panax Japonicus
Based on a Multistrategy Platform
Authors: Qiu Ziying , Zhao Xiaoran , Liu Meiqi , Liu Yanan , Sun Lili , Ren Xiaoliang , Deng Yanru
Published: August 2022

Background:

Panax Japonicus (PJ) is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, functional
food and tonic. However, its origin has a great influence on the quality of PJ, and with the increasing
demand for PJ, fake and inferior products, such as Panax Stipuleanatus (PS), often appear. The
identification of the origin and authenticity of PJ is critical for ensuring the quality, safety and effectiveness
of drugs.

Objective:

Proposing a strategy to identify the origin, authenticity, and quality of PJ using HPLC
fingerprints, chemometrics, and network pharmacology.

Method:

The chromatographic fingerprint method was established to analyze the origin and authenticity
of PJ. Multiple chemometric methods were performed to analyze the fingerprints, including
a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Counter
Propagation Artificial Neural Network (CP-ANN). Finally, the network pharmacology method was
used to construct the "active ingredient-target" network, predict and assist in analyzing potential Qmarkers
in PJ.

Result:

Ward’s method was used for the HCA. The results showed that PJ samples from different
origins had significant regional differences and could be accurately distinguished from PS. The
PCA classification results are consistent with the HCA classification results, further illustrating the
model's accuracy. The CP-ANN model can analyze and predict PJ and PS and accurately obtain PJ
and PS chemical markers to identify PJ and PS correctly. The network pharmacology of PJ was
constructed, and three PJ Q-markers, namely, ginsenoside Ro, ginsenoside Rb1, and chikusetsu saponin
Ⅳa, were identified, which lays a foundation for the establishment of PJ quality standards.

Conclusion:

This research provides a feasible platform for the quality evaluation of PJ in the future.
Recreational Cannabis Use: Regulatory Aspects, Public Opinion and
Concerns for Public Health
Authors: Scopetti Matteo , Padovano Martina , Peruch Michela , Concato Monica , Livieri Tommaso , Radaelli Davide , D’Errico Stefano
Published: August 2022

Cannabis represents the most used substance in the young population after alcohol and tobacco. The consumption of the substance undoubtedly represents an emerging public health issue and the regulatory aspects are quite heterogeneous. Alternatives to drug prohibition, such as legalization or decriminalization, are a topic of growing debate among researchers, policy makers and the public. Limiting harmful use and combating illicit trafficking are the main objectives of legalization for recreational purposes, although liberalization raises critical issues that have not yet been resolved despite the experience gained in many countries. In the context of legalization, it is essential to allow the lawful production of cannabis, guarantee a supply of controlled quality cannabis, and ensure that the population understands the risks associated with the consumption of the substance. At the same time, it is essential to protect the safety and health of the population by limiting access to cannabis and preventing accidental exposure of fragile categories and children. Incomplete knowledge of law enforcement can create further complications. Incomplete knowledge of the implementation of the laws can create further complications therefore adequate information must be favored. Scientific evidence helps to understand the potential harms and benefits of cannabis, but the impact of legalization - even in terms of reducing consumption - is not clearly documented. So, far more efforts need to be made in the future to broaden awareness of the general population on the recreational use of cannabis.
Encapsulation of Anabolic Peptide in Lipid Nano Vesicles for Osteoporosis
Authors: Benival Derajram , Salave Sagar , Rana Dhwani
Published: August 2022

Background:

Screening of critical variables, including formulation and process variables,
in the development of various dosage forms facilitates the identification of the most influencing parameters,
which modulate the responses, thereby helping in building the strong quality target product
profile.

Objective:

The objective of the present work was to screen out the most influential and critical variables
for the development of an anabolic peptide encapsulated lipid nanovesicles (PTH-LNVs).

Methods:

PTH-LNVs were prepared by the ethanol injection method. Taguchi standard orthogonal
array L8 design was employed to assess the effect of formulation and processing variables on different
response variables. Independent variables considered were drug concentration, lipid concentration,
cholesterol concentration, stirring rate, and rate of injection, whereas dependent variables studied
were particle size, PDI, zeta potential, % entrapment efficiency, and % drug loading. Particle
size, PDI, and zeta potential were evaluated by a zeta sizer. Drug loading efficiency and % entrapment
efficiency were determined by HPLC analysis.

Results:

The ethanol injection method was employed to formulate PTH-LNVs using Taguchi standard
orthogonal array L8 design. From the half-normal plot and Pareto ranking analysis, it was found
that drug, lipid, and cholesterol concentration have a significant effect on responses of formulation
and are hence considered critical variables during the formulation development.

Conclusion:

The presented work demonstrates the feasibility of Taguchi orthogonal array design in
the screening of potential independent factors in the development of peptide encapsulated nanoformulations.
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A-Induced Osteoblast Differentiation and
Proliferation of BM-MSCs by Up-Regulating Nuclear Vitamin D
Receptor
Authors: Pan Jiewen , Bao Youwei , Pan Shuqing , Zhuang Danyan , Xu Yanan , Pan Xiaoli , Li Haibo
Published: August 2022

Background:

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is critical for mineral and bone
homeostasis since it plays an essential role in the osteoblast differentiation of bone
marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has the
potential to promote bone mineralization and inhibit bone resorption, while its detailed
mechanism needs to be elaborated.

Objective:

This study intends to explore the action of HSYA on the proliferation and
differentiation of BM-MSC and the underlying mechanism.

Method:

Different concentrations of HSYA to BM-MSC and CCK-8, and EdU were
used to detect cell viability and proliferation. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was used
to observe the differentiation ability of BM-MSC osteoblasts. The calcium uptake and
mineralization of osteoblast-like cells were observed by alizarin red staining. The level of
calcium ion uptake in cells was detected by flow cytometry. AutoDock was performed for
molecular docking of HSYA to VDR protein. Immunofluorescence and western blotting
were performed to detect the expression of VDR expression levels. Finally, the effect of
VDR was verified by a VDR inhibitor.

Result:

After treatment with HSYA, the proliferation and calcium uptake of BM-MSC
were increased. The level of ALP increased significantly and reached its peak on the
12th day. HSYA promoted calcium uptake and calcium deposition, and mineralization of
osteoblasts. The western blotting and immunofluorescence showed that HSYA
increased the expression of VDR in the osteoblast-like cell's nucleus and upregulated
Osteocalcin, S100 calcium-binding protein G, and CYP24A1. In addition, HYSA
treatment increased the expression of osteopontin and the synthesis of osteogenic
proteins, such as Type 1 collagen. After the addition of the VDR inhibitor, the effect of
HSYA was weakened.

Conclusion:

HSYA could significantly promote the activity and proliferation of
osteoblasts and increase the expression level of VDR in osteoblasts. HSYA may also
improve calcium absorption by osteoblasts by regulating the synthesis of calciumbinding
protein and vitamin D metabolic pathway-related proteins.
Association of Rebleeding and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia with Long-term
Mortality Among 1-year Survivors After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Fang Fang , Wang Xing , Zhang Yu , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Wang Peng , Deng Haidong , You Chao
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective:

The potential impact of rebleeding and delayed cerebral
ischemia (DCI) on long-term survival in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
(aSAH) remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether DCI and rebleeding increase the
risk of long-term all-cause mortality in patients with aSAH who survived the follow-up period of
one year.

Methods:

We retrospectively collected data on patients with atraumatic aSAH who were still alive
12 months after aSAH occurrence between December 2013 and June 2019 from the electronic
health system. Patients were then classified by the occurrence of rebleeding or DCI during hospitalization.
Death records were obtained from an administrative database, the Chinese Household Registration
Administration System, until April 20, 2021. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models
were used to compare overall survival in different groups. Sensitivity analysis was performed with
propensity-score matching (PSM).

Results:

A total of 2,607 patients were alive one year after aSAH. The crude annual death rate from
any cause among patients who had rebleeding (7.2 per 100 person-years) and patients who had DCI
(3.7 per 100 person-years) during hospitalization was higher than that of patients with neither event
(2.1 per 100 person-years). Multivariate analysis showed that rebleeding is an independent risk factor
for long-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 2.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47-
3.81). DCI was an independent prognostic factor of poorer overall survival (aHR, 2.09; 95% CI,
1.54-2.84).

Conclusions:

Amongst patients alive one year after aSAH, rebleeding and DCI during hospitalization
were independently associated with higher rates of long-term mortality.
The Effect of Acupuncture on Enteral Nutrition and Gastrointestinal
Dynamics in Patients Who Have Suffered a Severe Stroke
Authors: Tang Chun-Zhi , Qin Liang , Zhang Xin-Xin , Jin Xin , Cui Cai-Hong
Published: August 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to explore and analyze the effect of acupuncture on improving the enteral
nutrition level and gastrointestinal dynamics in patients who had suffered a severe stroke.

Methods:

A total of 122 patients who experienced a severe stroke who were treated in the intensive care unit of
the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University (China) between September 2021 and March 2022 were randomly
divided into two groups as follows: 1) the observation group, the participants of which received acupuncture
combined with early enteral nutrition (61 cases); 2) the control group, the participants of which received early
enteral nutrition (61 cases). Following treatment, the hemoglobin, neutrophil count, blood glucose, albumin, prealbumin,
immediate postprandial antral area, antral contraction frequency (at 2 min), and antral motility index on
days 1 and 7 of treatment were compared between the two groups.

Results:

The total clinical effective rate was 96.72% in the observation group and 77.05% in the control group.
The curative effect comparison between the two groups after seven days of treatment showed a lower probability
of gastrointestinal bleeding, faster recovery of gastrointestinal motility, and a higher level of nutrient absorption
in the observation group. Serum albumin, pre-albumin, hemoglobin, total lymphocyte count, immediate postprandial
maximum (max) and minimum (mix) area of the gastric antrum, antral contraction frequency (at 2 min),
and antral motility index were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The difference
in blood glucose levels between the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Acupuncture improved the enteral nutrition status of patients who had suffered a severe stroke and
promoted gastrointestinal motility. The combination of acupuncture and early enteral nutrition could reduce
damage to the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier caused by stress, changes in metabolism, and improved gastrointestinal
function.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

The study was registered in China Clinical Trial Registration Center in
September 2021 (registration no. CHiCTR2100050740).
Research on the Necessity of AIDS Intervention for College Students Based
on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Yao Fei , Li Yin , Wang Qiang , Chen Lingxue , Xiang Xiaochen , Wan Yuting , Qin Junjie , Guo Jiaqi , Wang Jiadun , Zhang Wei
Published: August 2022

Background:

Despite abundant research on AIDS prevention and intervention, many residual
factors influence the actual impact of the intervention at a population level. Misconceptions
held by subjects lead to patterns of behavior, which do not reflect levels of cognition.

Methods:

Cognition and behavioral patterns relating to HIV were investigated without intervention
in freshmen before and after a two-year study period. A total of 461 freshmen studying at the university
in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, were enrolled in September 2019. Data management and
analysis were performed by SPSS 25.0 software.

Results:

Throughout the two years’ study, no significant changes in the cognitive level regarding
AIDS were found while the frequency of sexual behavior increased significantly. A trend of inconsistency
between cognition and behavior was identified.

Conclusions:

During a two-year period without intervention, it was found that the sexual behavior of
university students gradually increased, perceptions regarding AIDS-related subjects were incomplete
and awareness of HIV infection risk was still weak. A phenomenon described as the separation
of knowledge from behavior was detected. Misconceptions that influenced behavioral patterns were
identified as critical factors. Therefore, we propose that cognitive behavioral therapy may change
the actual impact of AIDS prevention interventions.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, ADMET, and Biological Studies of
Some Novel 1,2,3-Triazole Linked Tetrazoles as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Kishore Pilli Veera Venkata Nanda , Dunga Ananda Kumar , Allaka Tejeswara Rao , Kethavarapu Yugandhar , Nechipadappu Sunil Kumar , Pothana Pradeep , Kuppan Chandrasekhar
Published: August 2022

Background:

1,2,3–Triazolyl–tetrazoles have received substantial attention because of its unique bioisosteric properties and extraordinarily broad spectrum of biological activity, making them interesting for the drug design and synthesis of delightful class of widely investigated heterocyclic compounds. To address major health concerns, it is consequently important to devote ongoing effort for the identification and development of New Chemical Entities (NCEs) as possible anticancer medicines.

Methods:

We began our initial investigation of the reaction between 5-(azidomethyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 1-phenylsubstituted-5-(prop-2-yn-1-ylthio)-1H-tetrazole under click chemistry to gave the corresponding triazole precursors and screened for their cytotoxicity reported by variations in therapeutic actions of parent molecule. All of the prepared scaffolds were characterised by proton, carbon resonance spectroscopy, IR, and mass spectral techniques.

Results:

When tested for in vitro antitumor activity that the prepared compounds 7e, 7h had a signiﬁcant anticancer activity against human adenocarcinoma Hs766T cell line with IC50 = 5.33, 4.92 μg/mL and Hs460 cell line with IC50 = 4.82, 6.15 μg/mL respectively. Final scaffolds 7f, 7h, 7j acquiring highest potential drug binding scores ΔG = –10.42, –8.80, –9.37 Kcal/, with amino acids residues Ala A:11 (2.195 A˚), Asp A:119 (1.991 A˚), Thr A:58 (1.890 A˚), Lys A:16 (1.253 A˚), Asp A:38 (2.013 A˚), Lys A:117 (2.046 A˚) respectively and processing Lipinski’s rule of five as good oral bioavailability agents.

Conclusion:

The molecular framework for the synthesis of novel azaindole 1,2,3–triazole scaffolds coupled to tetrazole core was discovered in our study and evaluation of anticancer activity.
Synthesis and Computational Study of Some New 1-(1H-indol-1- yl)ethanone Derivatives on COX-2 Enzyme and Evaluation of In-Vivo Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activity
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Kumar Deepika , Porwal Mayur , Mishra Arun Kumar
Published: August 2022

Background:

Indole and its derivatives play an important role in the synthesis of commercially relevant intermediate molecules required for the synthesis of a wide range of bioactive molecules.

Aim:

Exploration of the synthesis of novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as their computational studies and pharmacological effects, was aimed as an important component of the present research.

Objective:

the objective of present work was to synthesize some novel 1-(1H-indol-1-yl)ethanone compounds, analyse their computational effects on the COX-2 enzyme and to test their in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Methods:

The condensation of 4-(2-(1H-indol-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy) benzaldehyde with substituted aniline in ethanol in the presence of a catalytic quantity of glacial acetic acid was performed, which yielded the new Indole derivatives. IR, NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis techniques were used to characterize the structures of new indole derivatives.

:

To estimate the drug-like candidate’s nature, a number of molecular attributes of these derivatives were computed. The synthesized derivatives were docked with a specific reference cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme. The physical similarity of the newly synthesized derivatives (D1-D8) and indomethacin (the reference drug) was determined by evaluating seven physicochemical features by a software.

Results:

Although the bioavailability/drug likeness was found to be in the standard range, the synthesized compounds exhibited close similarity with those of the reference drug, and subsequent optimization was necessary.

Conclusion:

The newly synthesized indole derivatives as COX-2 inhibitors were evaluated for their biological properties, which included anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficacy

Other:

D-7 (1-(1H-indol-1-yl)-2-(4-((4-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)phenoxy)ethanone) was found to have the strongest anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity amongst the eight target compounds.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Activity of Curcumin: A Systematic Review of
Pre-clinical Studies
Authors: Cheraghipour Kourosh , Kalani Hamed , Shakib Pegah , Faridnia Roghiyeh , Ho Jeffery , Mardanshah Omid , Dolatshah Mehrdad , Sepahvand Asghar , Zivdaria Masoomeh
Published: August 2022

Objective:

This study has focused on anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of curcumin.

Methods:

In this systematic review, anti-parasitic activity of Curcuma longa on Toxoplasma gondii
was assessed. Therefore, several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and
Google Scholar, were searched from 2010 to 2020.

Results:

Of the 2200 papers retrieved between 2010 and 2020, six articles were reliable and were scrutinized.
In 2 in vitro studies, the most used strain was the RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii, whereas
among 4 in vivo studies, RH strain was found in 2 (50%) studies, Me49 strain in 1(25%) study, and RH
and Me49 strain in 1 (25%) study. In four in vivo studies, the most used animal model was BALB/c,
and Swiss albino was found in 1 study (25%) and Albino rats in 1 study (25%).

Conclusion:

Curcumin and nanoparticles formulated with curcumin are new and useful agents for the
treatment of parasitic diseases and reduction of drug resistance. The success of this therapeutic
approach stems from the specific action of Curcuma longa against parasites and pathogens.
Hand Hygiene in the Intensive Care Unit: Knowledge, Compliance and Factors Influencing Nursing Adherence, a Descriptive Study
Authors: Arai Mounir , Feniche Mohammed.EL , Ouhadous Mohammed , Lajane Halima , Barrou Lahoucine , Zerouali Khalid
Published: August 2022

Background:

Nosocomial infections are particularly common among hospitalized patients who undergo resuscitation compared with other types of care. Hand hygiene remains the simplest and most effective measure to prevent and control the risk of infection.

Objective:

The main objectives are to evaluate hand hygiene compliance among nursing staff in the different intensive care units and to identify the factors influencing the adherence of nursing staff to the practice.

Methods:

It was a quantitative descriptive study using a questionnaire and an observation grid with all the nursing staff working in all the intensive care units of our university hospital.

Results:

The study showed a hand contamination rate of (80%), a hand hygiene compliance rate of (21.3%), it also showed the different factors explaining non-adherence, these are not necessarily related to training, nor to the availability of material resources but related to hidden reasons, non-apparent factors, which are often more important. (Workload and work environment)

Conclusion:

This study examined hand hygiene in the ICU setting, obtained data on overall compliance, which remains poor, and the various factors influencing nurses' adherence to the practice.
Oral Hydroxychloroquine Mitigates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Lung
Injury by Inhibiting Pyroptosis in Mice
Authors: Xiong Rui , Li Ning , Xiong Juan , Liu Bohao , He Ruyuan , Wang Bo , Geng Qing
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective:

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a molecule derived from
quinacrine; it displays a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory,
immunomodulatory, and antineoplastic. However, little is known about this molecule’s role in
lung injury. This study aimed to identify HCQ’s regulatory role of HCQ in sepsis-induced lung injury
and its molecular mechanism. Methods: To test the protective properties of HCQ, we established
an in vivo model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in mice. The extent of the
injury was determined by evaluating histopathology, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and
apoptosis. Mechanistically, conventional nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich
repeat and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) knockout mice were employed to investigate
whether HCQ exerted pulmonary protection by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.

Results:

Our findings revealed that HCQ pretreatment significantly mitigated LPS-induced lung
injury in mice in terms of histopathology, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis,
while inhibiting LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Additionally, the
indicators of lung injury, including histopathology, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and
apoptosis, were still reduced drastically in LPS-treated NLRP3 (-/-) mice after HCQ pretreatment.
Notably, HCQ pretreatment further decreased the levels of pyroptosis indicators, including IL-1β,
IL-18 and Cle-GSDMD, in LPS-treated NLRP3 (-/-) mice.

Conclusion:

Taken together, HCQ protects against lung injury by inhibiting pyroptosis, maybe not
only through the NLRP3 pathway but also through non-NLRP3 pathway; therefore, it may be a
new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of lung injury.
Herbal and Ayurvedic Plants as Remedial Approach for Viral Diseases
with Focus on COVID-19: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kushwah Ajay Singh , Joshi Yashvita , Rani Hema , Kaur Gurpreet , Kumar Manish , Sindhu Rakesh K. , Mittal Roopal
Published: August 2022

Background:

Infectious diseases have posed a major threat to human survival for centuries and can devastate entire populations. Recently, the global outbreak of COVID-19 has increased exponentially, affecting more than 200 countries and millions of lives since the fall of 2019, largely due to the ineffectiveness of existing antiviral therapies. WHO announced it a public health emergency of international concern. A significant waiting period in antiviral therapy hindered by the rapid evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 aggravated the situation ensuing imposition of strict laws (e.g., communal dissociation, international travel restrictions, and maintenance of hygiene) that would help in inhibiting further outspread of COVID-19. Ayurveda system of medicine offers a holistic approach to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

This review aims to highlight the potential of medicinal herbs and Ayurvedic drugs as the remedial approach for viral diseases, such as COVID- 19.

Methods:

We reviewed the literature from journal publication websites and electronic databases, such as Bentham, Science Direct, Pub Med, Scopus, USFDA, etc.

Results:

The drugs used in the traditional system of medicine have the potential to prevent and cure the infected patient. Ayurvedic therapies are known for regulating immunity and rejuvenation properties that behold much promise in the management of COVID-19 disease. Government of India, Ministry of AYUSH recommends some precautionary fitness measures and an increase in immunity with special reference to respiratory health.

Conclusion:

While there is no medication for COVID-19 as of now, taking preventive measures and boosting body immunity is highly recommended. A number of medicinal plants that play an important role in revitalizing the immune system are easily accessible in home remedies.
Anti-cancer Potential of Hypericum spp. with Focus on Hypericum Perforatum:
A Review of the Literature
Authors: Deravi Niloofar , Alavi Dana Seyyed Mohammad Matin , Khoshnazar Maryam , Banyarani Shabnam Paydari , Mokhtari Farzin Sataei , Mohammadie Zahra Eslami , Shamsehkohan Amirreza , Valizadeh Maryam , Ahangar-Sirous Ramin , Rahimi Zahra , Poudineh Mohadeseh
Published: August 2022

Background and Ams:

Cancer is the cause of many deaths and is the second most prevalent
cause of death worldwide. Besides its high mortality, cancer can cause emotional and economic
burdens on patients and society. Hypericum is known as herbal medicine that has many species. Its anticancer
effects have been proven in various articles. It has many active compounds, including flavonoids,
phloroglucinols, and phenylpropanoids. The current review aimed to collect data on the anticancer
potential of Hypericum on different types of cancer cell lines and their chief mechanisms.

Method:

A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate,
and Google Scholar databases to find relevant studies on the anti-cancer potential of
Hypericum perforatum and its underlying mechanisms of action in different cancers. The relevant
English language articles published up to March 2022 were collected, screened, and reviewed.

Results:

The anti-cancer effects of Hypericum perforatum were shown against glioblastoma, neuroblastoma,
leukemia, and liver, breast, prostate, lung, bladder, colon, skin, and pancreatic cancers. It
can induce apoptosis by activating caspase enzymes and inhibit cell growth in different cancer cell
lines. Also, the cytotoxic effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on cancer cell lines were shown in
in vitro studies.

Conclusion:

Hypericum perforatum can be proposed as a strong herbal remedy for the treatment of
cancer since it is an available and cheap treatment for cancer compared to other treatments, but further
clinical trial studies should be performed to confirm these properties.
Information Extraction of the Vehicle from High-Resolution Remote Sensing
Image Based on Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Asif Ikbal Mohammad , Wang Yanmei , Peng Fei , Lu Mingyu
Published: August 2022

Aims:

To effectively detect vehicle targets in remote sensing images, it can be widely
used in traffic management, route planning, and vehicle flow detection. YOLOv3 deep learning
neural network, which mainly studies the vehicle target detection in remote sensing images and
carries out the target detection suitable for the characteristics of remote sensing images.

Objective:

This paper studies the information extraction of vehicle high-resolution remote sensing
images based on a convolution neural network.

Method:

The YOLOv3 network model of vehicle target detection in satellite remote sensing images
is optimized. The iterations are set to 50002000045000, and the learning rate is 0.001. At the
same time, the comparative experiments of RCNN, Fast RCNN, fast RCNN, and yolov3 network
models are carried out.

Result:

The ca-yolov3 network model can be applied to target detection in satellite images. After
40500 times of learning, the loss function value of the model is reduced to about 0.011.

Conclusion:

The IOU value of the model also has a good performance in the training process,
which makes the yolov3 neural network model more accurate in the image small target detection.
Is Breastfeeding Duration Associated with Risk of Developing
ASD?
Authors: Khazaei Salman , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Seyedi Mahdieh , Bashirian Saeid
Published: August 2022

Background:

There are few studies in the world on the duration of breastfeeding and the risk of autism. To our knowledge, no study has yet explained the association between breastfeeding duration and ASD in Iran.

Aims:

The present study evaluated the association between breastfeeding and the risk of ASD in offspring in the west of Iran.

Methods:

This case-control study was performed on 100 children aged 3-14 years who had a medical record in the Autism Spectrum Disorder Research Center and the Autism Association of Hamadan and were diagnosed with autism according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders [DSM-5] criteria. The control group included healthy children who had active family record in comprehensive health service centers. All analyzes were performed using Stata software version 14. The significance level was considered less than 0.05.

Results:

After adjusting for other variables, each increase in the month of breastfeeding was associated with a 5% decrease in odds of ASD [OR=0.95 [95% CI: 0.91, 0.99], P=0.03]. The odds of ASD in boys were significantly higher [OR=3.85 [95% CI: 1.91, 7.76], P<0.001]. Moreover, drug use [OR=0.01], history of autism [OR=6.62], history of psychiatry disorder [OR=7.2] were significantly associated with increased odds of ASD [P<0.05].

Conclusion:

These findings showed that breastfeeding duration can be a protective factor for ASD. Therefore, policymakers and health staff can reduce the risk of autism by promoting increased breastfeeding duration, especially for children with high risk for autism.
semiotic analysis of Chinese export online TV dramas based on the Fiske’s TV culture theory
Authors: Yujie Zhang
Published: August 2022

The Belt and Road have changed the Chinese TV drama export industry. The export volume has climbed significantly, but China's TV series trade gap is still considerable due to external solid competition in the global cultural products market. The barbarous development under the capital has caused China's TV drama output surplus, and the domestic market cannot absorb it. Internal and external forces force Chinese TV dramas worldwide, and to travel overseas, the material must be optimized to attract foreign audiences. China's TV drama industry is growing online. Its versatility in making and transmitting has made it the leading exporter of Chinese TV programs. This study employs Fiske's TV culture theory and semiotic methodologies to analyze Chinese internet dramas transferred to Malaysia. Chinese web plays' narrative structure. This study uses semiotic analysis and Fiske's TV culture theory to describe Chinese online TV dramas. Export TV dramas must improve their quality and attract new fans to boost their market position in Malaysia. The Chinese export TV business must consider public sentiment to improve its market position and competitiveness. Fiske's TV Culture theory boosts China's film industry's competitiveness. Evaluating the findings in the conclusion and recommendation chapters helped meet the objective.
The Corona Crisis
Authors: Knaup Marcus
Published: August 2022

Since spring 2020 at the latest many things are not as they used to be before – things are literally “de-ranged”. The news are mostly dominated by one topic: a virus which is officially called SARS-CoV-2.1 The here presented contribution views the Corona crisis from an ethical-philosophical perspective. At first, different challenges and dynamics of this crisis will be discussed. Insofar as political decision-making for coping with the crisis happens frequently by referring to “the” sciences, light is shed on the tasks of the sciences in our modern knowledge society. The contribution is going to argue in favour of a variety of perspectives, which we need in order to handle the crisis appropriately. In this context, light is shed on explicit and implicit basic social attitudes such as the attitude towards death as well as on the increasing medicalisation of life. Finally, the question about prospects which might be promising for the future is going to be raised.
О возможности фононного механизма сверхпроводимости в купратных ВТСП
Authors: Лыков А.Н.
Published: August 2022

Рассмотрены некоторые особенности электронно-фононного механизма в купратных высокотемпературных сверхпроводниках (ВТСП) для объяснения их свойств. Показано, что взаимодействие электронов со слабо фиксированными ионами кислорода в кристаллической решетке может приводить к сильному электрон-фононному взаимодействию, и это объясняет высокие критические температуры в купратных ВТСП. На основе данного подхода объяснено наличие максимума Tc в гомологических рядах купратных ВТСП и предложен метод поиска новых ВТСП с более высокими критическими температурами. Ключевые слова: высокотемпературная сверхпроводимость, электрон-фононное взаимодействие, граничные условия, теория Гинзбурга--Ландау, ионы кислорода, модель "желе".
Исследование пьезоэлектрических свойств кристаллов бифталата рубидия методом времяразрешающей трехкристальной рентгеновской дифрактометрии
Authors: Ибрагимов Э.С. , Куликов А.Г. , Марченков Н.В. , Писаревский Ю.В. , Благов А.Е. , Ковальчук М.В.
Published: August 2022

Using the method of time-resolved X-ray diffractometry in a three-crystal scheme, the lattice deformation of a rubidium biphthalate (С8H5RbO4) crystal was measured in an external electric field. Under the action of an external pulsed electric field along the [001] polar direction, the piezoelectric moduli d31, d32, and d33 were determined independently using three reflections 400, 070, and 004; the obtaind values are –32.8 ± 0.6, 12.8 ± 0.3, and 21.8 ± 1.2 pC/N, respectively. A good agreement was found between the values of the piezoelectric moduli obtained in this work and the values obtained earlier by the quasi-static method.