bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcerebellar Diameter: an effective tool in estimating gestational age
Authors: Kumari Veena , Rehman Memoona , Majid Erum , Zuberi Bader Faiyaz , Nazeer Saira , Khan Saba
Published: June 2022

Background: Estimating correct gestational age is the first and foremost goal of obstetrician and gynaecologist and cannot be underestimated. Commonly the parameters used are BPD, head circumference (HC), Femur length (FL), Abdominal circumference (AC). Recently transverse cerebellar diameter is a new diagnostic tool to measure the gestational age. Aim: To determine the accuracy of transverse cerebellar diameters in estimating gestational age, taking LMP as the gold standard. Study design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: This study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, JPMC, Karachi, Pakistan Duration: Six months after the approval of synopsis from January 29 2021 to 28 July 2021. Methods: Ultrasonographic measurement of Transverse Cerebellar Diameter(TCD) was taken. Routine measurements of crown-rump length or bi-parietal diameter were also done. Accuracy was considered if the difference between TCD and LMP was ≤2 mm. Correlation of age on LMP with TCD was tested using Kendall’s tau-b test and its scatter plot as generated. All the collected data was entered into a proforma attached at the end and used electronically for research purposes. Results: A total of 114 patients were inducted after informed consent. Their mean age was 28.18±27.24 years. Maternal age was 28.18 ±27.24 years, maternal weight was 60.59 ±9.64 kg and BMI was 23.58±3.63 kg/m2.Median (IQR) of gravida was 2.0 (2). Mean of gestational age on LMP was 33.84 ±5.29 and was significantly more as measured by TCD was 31.51±5.05 (p<.001). Age on LPM and TCD showed linear correlation. Accuracy of TCD was documented in 108 (94.7%). Conclusion: It is to be concluded that transverse cerebellar diameter was found to be equally good and relatively comparable with LMP in predicting gestational age. Keywords: Gestational Age; Intrauterine Growth Restriction; Last Menstrual Period; Miscarriage; Stillbirth
Predisposing Factors for Nutritional Rickets in Children Presenting in Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Tariq Asfand , Cheema Asim Noor , Qaisar Abdul Matin , Riaz Lubna , Faryad Neelam , Hussain Kashif
Published: June 2022

Background: Nutritional rickets resulting from different causes continue to be a major pediatric concern in many developing countries. It's the most frequent non-communicable disease among children globally. Even developed countries have not been exempted from this disease. Aim: To determine the predisposing factors for nutritional rickets in children, presenting in Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Sh. Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 01-01-2019 to 31-07-2019. Methodology: One hundred and thirty children of nutritional rickets were enrolled. Children of both genders and age 9 months to 2 years were included. All children on anti-convulsant therapy and chronic liver diseases were excluded. Results: There were 83(63.85%) between 9-18 months, 47(36.15%) were between 19-24 months of age with mean age was 17.36±3.92 months. Seventy four (56.92%) males and 56(43.08%) were females. Predisposing factors reveal 89(68.46%) exclusive breast feeding, 68(52.31%) low nutritious status of mother, 93(71.54%) had cow’s milk, 87(66.92%) had lack of sunlight exposure and 63(48.46%) had malnutrition. Conclusion: Exclusive breast feeding, low nutritious status of mother, cow’s milk, lack of1sunlight exposure and malnutrition are the significant predisposing factors for nutritional rickets in children. Keywords: Nutritional rickets in children, Predisposing factors, Exclusive breast feeding, Low nutritious status of mother
Compare the Mean Cuff Pressure in Endotracheal Tube Cuff Filled with Air vs Saline in Patients Undergoing Surgery under GA
Authors: Raza Hassan , Bashir Adnan , Waheed Hamza , Nawaz Qaiser , Aftab, Muhammad Arsalan , Nisar Afshan
Published: June 2022

Background: Securing and maintaining airway and ventilating the patients by placement of endotracheal1tube is common practice in the operation1theater for delivery of general anesthesia and in the critical care settings. The primary role of endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff's primary role is to seal the airway, preventing leaks and pharyngeal contents aspiration into the trachea1during ventilation. Aim: To compare the mean cuff pressure in endotracheal1tube cuff filled with air vs saline in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Study Design: Randomized control trail Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesia, National Hospital, Lahore from 1st July 2016 to 31st December 2016. Methodology: One hundred patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled. They were divided into two groups and each group comprised equal number of patients. In group A, endotracheal tube was inserted with air filled cuff while in group B, endotracheal tube was inserted by using 0.9%saline solution. On follow-up outcome was noted. Results: The average age of the air filled cuff was 38.24±12.22 years and in saline filled cuff group was 39.68±13.79 years. Insignificant (p=0.269) difference statistically was found between the groups with cuff pressure at baseline of the patients and insignificant difference was noted at baseline. Conclusion: The mean cuff pressure in ETT was significantly less with saline than air filled cuff in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Key words: General anesthesia, Endotracheal tube, Saline, Cuff pressure
Choice of Needle in Spinal Anesthesia among Anesthesiologists in Teaching Hospitals of Sindh
Authors: Raza Madiha , Hyder Furkan , Saba Noor-us- , Shah Hasan Ali , Hussain Adeel , Sultan Syed Farjad
Published: June 2022

Aim: To determine frequency of anesthesiologists practicing pencil- point spinal needles in teaching hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The Indus Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi, Civil Hospital Karachi, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) Karachi, Sindh institute of Urology & Transplantation (SIUT) Karachi, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi, Ziauddin Hospital Karachi, PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, Civil Hospital Hyderabad, Chandka Medical College Larkana and Peoples Medical College Nawabshah from 1stJune 2018 to 30thApril 2019. Methodology: Sixty FCPS anesthesiologists or equivalent working in teaching hospitals of Sindh for more than one year, either gender and age 30-70 years were enrolled in the study. MCPS specialists were excluded. Results: Majority anesthesiologists were males 48 (80%). The median working experience was 15 years (IQR): (10-21) with no significant difference between both the genders (mean: 17.2 vs 13.8, p=0.277). Thirty three (55.5%) had professional experience of ≥15 years. Approximately 42% belonged to Aga Khan University hospital. All participants had work experience of general surgery, while 54(90%) worked in Urology, 53(88.3%) participants had experience of Orthopedics, Gynecology and Obstetrics. Conclusion: Although majority of consultants use 25G Pencil Point Needles for spinal anesthesia but still we need to educate more practitioner of government institutes to use smaller gauge spinal needles and the reason of using smaller gauge pencil point needles should be to prevent the chances of PDPH. Key words: Choice, Needle, Spinal anesthesia, Teaching hospitals
Spectrum of Lesions Found During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients with Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Ashraf Mudassar , Abbas Madiha , Abbas Fareeha , Shafqat Tehreem , Qadoos Abdul , Munir Muhammad Ammad
Published: June 2022

Aim: To determine the frequency of malignant and benign lesion in patients presenting with obstructive jaundice. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital from 1st November 2016 to 30th April 2017. Methodology: One hundred and fifty patients from indoor as well as outpatient department were enrolled. All the patients of any gender with age between 25-60 years were included. Patients was considered as case of obstructive jaundice if serum bilirubin level >1.2mg/dl and blockage in the bile duct (>50mm narrowing) confirmed by CT scan. Later on patient was advised for biopsy of the bile duct so that the lesion could be categorized weather it is malignant or benign. Results: The mean age was 42±10.50 years. Ninety six (64%) were female and 54 (36%) were male cases. One hundred and twenty one (80.7%) were benign tumor while 29 (19.3%) were malignant. According to sub-types, bile duct was in 91(60.7%) and stricture in 30(20%). Conclusion: There is high frequency of benign tumor among the patients with the obstructive jaundice and hence it is needed to evaluate all such cases with this condition. Keyword: Obstructive jaundice, Benign tumor, Malignant tumor, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Association of deliberate Self Harm among patients with Bipolar Disorder in Karachi
Authors: Khan Laraib , Rizvi Sameera Ali , Amar Washdev , Channa Zubair Ali , Akhter Javeria
Published: June 2022

Aim: To evaluate the association of suicide attempt among bipolar disorder patients and evaluate the associated risk factors. Methodology: The target population of the study was adult psychiatric patients who visited the outpatient department of an institute of behavioral sciences in Karachi. A case-control study was conducted in the outpatient department of two major psychiatric services in Karachi. Participants of age above 15 years were recruited through non-purposive sampling and data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Results: From January to April 2021, of the 146 selected psychiatric patientsa, high prevalence of suicide attempts was observed in patients with young age between 20 to 30 years (p=0.000) Almost41.1%of participants were illiterate and 63% belonged to low socioeconomic status) Approximately 43.8% (p=0.00) cases had a history of mental trauma and 24.7% 76.7% (p=0.007) cases had a family history of suicide. It was found that 91.8% (p=0.00) of depression was related to suicide attempt the factors associated with suicide attempt were females, young age, illiteracy, lower socioeconomic status, presence of bipolar disorder, substance abuse, mental trauma, depression, family history of suicide and self-harm. Conclusion: We conclude that there is an association between suicide attempts and bipolar disorder. Mental illnesses are becoming an emerging public health problem. Deeper research into the relationship between suicide attempts and substance abuse, or family history and awareness in psychiatric patients is needed. Keywords:Bipolar Disorder, Suicide Attempt, Self-Harm, Trauma, Suicidal Ideation
Diagnostic Accuracy of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Diagnosis of Ple-ural Tuberculosis among Suspected Cases of Pleural TB
Authors: Akhter Raniyah , Kumar Aneel , Khatri Neelam , Saifullah Nausheen , Rizvi Nadeem Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Aim: To determine the accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis among suspected cases of pleural tuberculosis using biopsy. Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional. Place and duration of study: Department of Chest Medicine, JPMC, Karachi from 1st August 2017 to 31st January 2018. Methodology: One hundred and thirty six patients with cases of pleural tuberculosis of age 18-55 years and both genders were included. Patients with anti-tuberculosis drugs, pneumonia, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, obstructive pulmonary disease and platelet function disorders, thrombocytopenia or coagulation factors disorder were excluded. 30-50 ml of bronchoalveolar fluid was carried out through fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Three milliliters of 4% lignocaine was used as pre-medication and 3 ml of 2% lignocaine was used during bronchoscopy. Results: In BAL positive patients, 73 (true positive) had pleural tuberculosis and 9 (false positive) had no pleural tuberculosis on biopsy. Among 54, BAL negative patients, 5 (false negative) had pleural tuberculosis on biopsy whereas 49 (true negative) had no pleural tuberculosis on biopsy. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of BAL in diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis among suspected cases of pleural tuberculosis using biopsy as gold standard was 93.59%, 84.48%, 89.02%, 90.74% and 89.71% respectively. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis among suspected cases of pleural tuberculosis is quite high. Keywords: Pleural tuberculosis, Bronchoalveolar lavage, Sensitivity
Determine the Diagnostic Accuracy of High Beta HCG Levels in Predicting Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Huma Zille , Arshad Fariha , Kashif Sadaf , Ali Rafia , Khawer Naila
Published: June 2022

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of high beta HCG levels (>2 median concentration measured) in predicting pregnancy induced hypertension. Study design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Social Security Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: One hundred and fifty pregnant females at 13-20 weeks of gestation were included. A 3cc blood sample was withdrawn from each women and serum was separated. The serum was stored at -20°C until analysis of β HCG test. This test was analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The sensitivity of the test was 86.5% and specificity was 96.8%. Each woman was followed till delivery and her status of hypertension which was induced due to pregnancy was observed. Results: The mean age was 31.5±6.2 years. The value of 2 median concentration measured showed that 23 cases had a value less or equal to 2 while 60 cases were those having a value greater than 2. The diagnostic accuracy of this test was 92.6%. There were 69.8% cases of PIH having beta HCG levels greater than 71000 mIU/ml and six cases with level of beta HCG higher than 100000 mIU/ml. Conclusion: Pregnancy induced hypertension is significantly associated with higher level of beta HCG and has an efficient diagnostic accuracy. Key words: Beta HCG, Pregnancy, Hypertension
Variation of the Absorbed Dose by the Height of the Patient in CT Scanning
Authors: SARPÜN İsmail Hakkı , KOCA Timur , ATAK Ece , ŞENGÜN Yasemin , AKSOY Rahmi Atıl , KIZILKAYA Mehmet , KORCUM Aylin Fidan
Published: June 2022

Computed Tomography (CT) images taken in cancer treatments are important in treatment portal design and planning. The dose received by the patient in CT scans are not considered in the treatment planning dose calculation and becomes important in calculating the limit doses of the critical organs with critical dose threshold. In this study, the change of the dose received by some of the critical organs, namely the heart, liver, and kidneys, according to the height of the patient was investigated with the NCICT code using the Monte Carlo technique. As a result, doses were changed by the height of the patients.
A Qualitative Exploration of Desired mHealth App Mechanisms Related to Daily Life Influences for College Nursing Students
Authors: Scott Sittig  , Caitlyn Hauff  , Susan G. Williams  , Rebecca J Graves  , Sharon Fruh
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Mobile health (mHealth) apps are digital health tools that allow for the delivery and access to vital health information, support, and encouragement needed to foster positive behavior change. Designing and developing mHealth solutions based on daily life influences for nursing students is imperative to establishing healthier physical and mental health habits.   
Methods: Multiple focus groups (n=10) were conducted, and a questionnaire (n=11) was administered to undergraduate students in the professional nursing component. Themed analysis of focus-group data was conducted along with descriptive analysis of the questionnaire.
Results: All participants stated it has been more difficult to maintain a healthy lifestyle since beginning the nursing program. This deterioration can be attributed to three key areas: mental health needs/support, rigor of nursing school, and decline in positive health choices. Participants stated they would use an mHealth app designed specifically for nursing students to combat deterioration of their health.
Conclusions: The results of this study (100% positive response rate) reveal mHealth applications might be a powerful tool in helping nursing students transform their physical and mental health. It appears that if an mHealth application is created with the specific “must-haves” of nursing students then we might experience a positive shift in health behaviors for nursing students, which will hopefully transcend into their careers as nurses.
تصورات دارسي اللغة العربية الصينيين في الأردن للتعلم الإلكتروني في ظل جائحة كورونا (كوفيد- 19)
Authors: الخوالدة محمد علي , تونغ ما
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن تصورات دارسي اللغة العربية الصينيين في الأردن للتعلم الإلكتروني في ظل جائحة كورونا (كوفيد- 19)، وما إذا كان هناك فروق في تصوراتهم، تبعا لمتغيرات: الجنس، والمستوى الدراسي، والمعدل التراكمي. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة؛ استخدم مقياس التصورات للتعلم الإلكتروني تكون من 22 فقرة موزعة إلى أربعة مجالات: نظام إدارة التعلم، والتفاعل الاجتماعي، وتنمية المهارات اللغوية، والأغراض البيداغوجية. تكونت عينة الدراسة من 120 دارسا ودارسة من الطلبة الصينيين الملتحقين ببرنامج بكالوريوس اللغة العربية وآدابها في الجامعة الأردنية، وجامعة اليرموك. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن تصورات دارسي اللغة العربية الصينيين في الأردن للتعلم الإلكتروني في ظل جائحة كورونا محايدة، وأنه لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا في تصوراتهم تبعا لمتغيرات: الجنس، والمستوى الدراسي، والمعدل التراكمي
التشوهات المعرفية وعلاقتها بالسلوك العدواني لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا في مدينة الخليل
Authors: الجندي نبيل جبرين , مخامرة فلسطين محمد , إسعيد شهد أحمد
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على مستوى التشوهات المعرفية، والسلوك العدواني لدى طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا في مدينة الخليل، ودراسة العلاقة بين التشوهات المعرفية والسلوك العدواني، والفروق في التشوهات المعرفية والسلوك العدواني تبعاَ لمتغيرات النوع الاجتماعي، والصف الدراسي، أجريت الدراسة على عينة طبقية قوامها (381) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الأساسية العليا، حيث قام الباحثون بتطوير مقياس السلوك العدواني المكون من (29) فقرة وتطبيقه، ومقياس التشوهات المعرفية المكون من (23) فقرة، بعد التحقق من خصائصهما السيكومترية، وتوصّلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن مستوى التشوهات المعرفيّة، وكذلك السلوك العدواني كان متوسطاً، وبيّنت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية طردية بين التشوهات المعرفية والسلوك العدواني، ووجود فروق دالة إحصائياً في متوسطات درجات التشوهات المعرفية، والسلوك العدواني لدى الطلبة تعزى للجنس لصالح الذكور، بالإضافة إلى وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً في مستوى التشوهات المعرفية تعزى للمستوى الدراسي لصالح طلبة الصف الثامن، وقد خلصت الدّراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات منها: ضرورة تصويب مفاهيم الطلبة البديلة، وإكسابهم مهارات التحكم بالنفس لغايات صرف طاقاتهم نحو سلوكيات وممارسات إيجابية، تبعدهم عن الوقوع بالعدوانية
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite for Pollutant Remediation
Authors: Pradhan S.N. , Maurya R. , Ghosh A.K. , Panda D. , Bhadani S.K. , Baburam Mr.
Published: June 2022

Phosphorus is one of the limiting nutrients for crop production, especially in developing countries where soil available P is low. To counter P deficiency, P has been applied at a rate above crop uptake which makes management of P fertilizer a challenge for the scientific community, as high input P can have environmental consequences like eutrophication of water bodies. Physico-chemical and biological methods are widely used for the removal of soluble P from wastewater. Adsorption of P onto a paramagnetic substance like magnetite holds a great promise for its removal and subsequent recovery of adsorbed P. The present study was carried out with the objective of synthesis of magnetite in different molar ratios and its characterization to select the best magnetite material for removal of P. Magnetite was synthesized using the co-precipitation method using ferrous and ferric ions at different molar ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 5:1) and characterized for Xray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method surface area. All the synthesized material resembled the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards XRD patterns of reference magnetite and showed strong peaks at 220, 311, 400, 511, and 440 cm-1. FTIR analysis showed the presence of Fe-O bond at 580 cm-1 and characteristic peaks at 1633 and 3400 cm-1 suggesting the presence of a hydroxyl group. Highest surface area (93.001 (m2/g) was observed for magnetite synthesized with a molar ratio of 1:2 (Fe2+/ Fe3+), whereas the surface area of the rest of the synthesized magnetite was close to 50 m2/g. The smallest pore radius was also found in magnetite synthesized with a molar ratio of 1:2 (Fe2+/Fe3+) which contributed to the highest pore volume.
Results of autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma in Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Raimzhanov Abduhalim R , Atabaev Bahtiyar S ,   Kyrgyz Scientific Center of Hematology of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, Zhusupova Sherbet K ,   Kyrgyz Scientific Center of Hematology of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to performing a series of autologous transplantations of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells in multiple myeloma (MM). For the first time in Central Asia, in the Kyrgyz Scientific Center of Hematology of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, autologous hematopoietic stem cells were used in the treatment of 26 patients with MM. Comprehensive laboratory and functional analyses were carried out to diagnose MM. Autologous stem cells were collected using the blood cell separator. Conditioning mode and an algorithm of therapeutic approaches of patients before autotransplantation and post-transplantation monitoring were used.
Integration of virtual reality into the program of non-drugtreatment of pain and early rehabilitation
Authors:   Medical school Imannuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russia, Veremeenko Nadezhda A , Saukina Arina V ,   Medical school Imannuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russia, Perepelica Svetlana A ,   Medical school Imannuel Kant Baltic Federal University Kaliningrad Russia,   VA Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology Moscow Russia
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the issues of non-drug treatment of pain from the standpoint of a biopsychosocial approach using virtual reality (VR) as well as the possibility ofintegrating this methodinto an early rehabilitation program for neurological patients. The historical aspects of discovery and integration of VRinto medicine and the results of using the method to reduce the intensity of pain in patients with burn disease the possibility of using VR technology in anesthesiology and resuscitation as an alternative to narcotic analgesics for certain types of intervention are presented The use of VR is promising in the motorand cognitive rehabilitation ofpatients with various pathologies ofthe central nervous system and can be used at any stage of rehabilitation at low financial costs with minimal involvement ofmedical personnel in the hospital and outpatient settings.
Selection criteria for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for liver transplantation
Authors:   Main Military Clinical  Hospita named after academician N. N. Burdenko Russian Defense Ministry, Moscow, Russia, Pitkevich Mariya Yu , Breder Valerij V ,   Russian Cancer Research Center N. N. Blokhin of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Kosyrev Vladislav Yu ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Dzhanyan Irina A ,   Russian Cancer Research Center N. N. Blokhin of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2022

The paper considers the selection criteria for liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver resection is an effective method of radical treatment in the early stages of HCC. However, severe liver cirrhosis precludes this method of therapy. For these patients, liver transplantation is a good alternative. The article discusses the problem of correct selection of patients for liver transplantation. Best practices in assessing various criteria for liver transplantation are described. Statistical data are provided. There are also examples of studies that analyze additional factors used as extended criteria for liver transplantation: AFP, PIVKA, the effectiveness of locoregional therapy. The article focuses on neoadjuvant therapy, presents the results of global research on neoadjuvant therapy, and emphasizes their importance.
A prova do dolo nas ações por ato de improbidade administrativa
Authors: Lauss Fernando
Published: June 2022

As contratações da Administração Pública brasileira efetuadas com particulares serão submetidas a um processo licitatório, que obedece uma sequência lógica dos atos, visando atender a necessidade pública. Assim, surge a figura do ordenador de despesas, que o tem o dever de editar o ato autorizador para iniciar a licitação ou para realizar a contratação direta, demonstrando a regularidade de seus atos. Com isso, para haver a responsabilidade do ordenador de despesas, deve-se levae em conta o dolo, devendo, portanto, a conduta ser precedida de dolo exteriorizados na prática de ato de extremada gravidade, bem como, as circunstâncias fáticas em que o agente estava inserido no momento da tomada de decisões. Diante disso, existe grande discursão acerca da responsabilidade de natureza pessoal que acarreta para a autoridade que toma a decisão. Visto isso, o objetivo deste estudo visa discutir com relação a responsabilidade civil-administrativa do ordenador de despesa por meio de ação civil pública por atos ímprobos.
Equipe multidisplinar em cuidados paliativos no ambiente hospitalar: realidade ou quimera?
Authors: Costa Cristiane Maria Amorim , Dias Dayse da Silva Farias , Silva Elizabeth Pimentel da , Lemos Laurine Mendes Belarmino , Alves Raphaela Nunes , Costa Thamiris Sant’Anna da
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é discutir a interdisciplinaridade como um pilar para a realização do cuidado paliativo no contexto hospitalar. O estudo é compreendido como bibliográfico, exploratório, de cobertura Internacional, de natureza quanti - qualitativa; o recorte temporal foi de artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2016-2021), compreendendo diversos idiomas, compreendendo Português, Inglês, Espanhol, Francês e Alemão. Os artigos que emergiram da busca apresentaram controvérsias em seus relatos, em sua maioria, os dados apresentados sugerem que a equipe interdisciplinar não existe na prática. A competência compreendida como comunicação foi apontada como fundamental para o processo de decisões acerca do paciente. A escassez de publicação expressa a importância pela qual o assunto deve ser considerado, principalmente se considerarmos que a equipe interdisciplinar ainda não é uma realidade, e muitas vezes o Enfermeiro é anulado junto ao paciente frente ao processo decisório da terapêutica.
Effect of various biological ways on the orthodontic tooth movement
Authors: Gupta Soumya , Soni Vivek P
Published: June 2022

The duration of orthodontic treatment is the primary concern of utmost patients. Unfortunately, long orthodontic treatment time poses several disadvantages like an advanced predilection to dental caries, gingival recession, and root resorption. Thus, there is an increase in the demand to find the best method of faster tooth movement. Orthodontic treatment is formed on the premise that when force is delivered to a tooth and thereby transmitted to the adjacent investing tissues, certain mechanical, chemical, and cellular events take place within these tissues, which allow for the structural difference that contributes to the tooth movement. Conventionally, this process is slow, and orthodontic treatment time can range anywhere from 36-48 months. The body's responses to these forces are the crucial controllers of inflammation and tissue turnover. So, in this article, various pharmacological means are discussed that can enhance the rate of tooth movement.
Inhibition of Plasmodium berghei growth by alkaloid extract of Phyllanthus amarus in mice increased haem level and stabilized erythrocyte membrane
Authors: Opajobi A O , Ojugbeli E T , Uzuegbu U E , Elu C O , Toloyai P Y , Awhin P E , Oshiegbu W , Onyesom I
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The Plasmodium parasite is known for its ability to destabilize the red cell membrane causing the release of free haem which is converted to haemozoin as haem is toxic to parasite. In combination with other factors, accumulation of haemozoin is associated with anaemia which manifest in severe malaria. Compounds directed at preventing erythrocyte attack and increasing haem concentrations could serve as new sources of antimalarials. Therefore, this study assessed the ability of Phyllanthus (P.) amarus alkaloid extract, a phytochemical, already reported to possess antimalarial activity, in reducing erythrocyte deformity and preventing parasite multiplication by increasing haem concentrations. Methods: The study involved measurement of parasite clearance, changes in haematological indices and degree of erythrocyte membrane stabilization (using heat-induced and hypotonic-solution induced destabilization assays) in Plasmodium (P.) berghei infected mice treated with alkaloid extract of P. amarus using documented methods. Results: Infection of experimental mice with Plasmodium berghei, induced malaria with evidence of anaemia (reduced PCV and Hb), reduction in haematological indices (RBC, WBC, platelets, lymphocytes, and eosinophil), increased serum haemozoin and haem concentration and destabilization of erythrocyte membrane.
Epidemiological profile of different hemoglobinopathies in pediatric age group (6 months-14 years) in south Odisha
Authors: Nanda Ashok Kumar , Parida Subrajit , Pradhan Santosh Kumar , Padhi Sangita
Published: June 2022

This hospital based cross-sectional study describes the number of hemoglobinopathies in the population of southern Odisha during the study period and distribution of each group of hemoglobinopathy found in the study according to their age, sex, clinical signs & symptoms, history of consanguinity of marriage of parents, history of previous blood transfusion, history of siblings, socioeconomic status of the family, blood groups & hematological parameters.
Psychometric properties of the research attitude index (IAI) in a population of Peruvian university students
Authors: Hernández Ronald M. , Saavedra-Lopez Miguel A. , Calle-Ramirez Xiomara M. , Rodríguez-Sosa Jorge , Rodríguez-Fuentes Antonio , Cjuno July , Campos-Ugaz Osmer , Orosco Isabel Paula Cabrera
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Research Attitude Index (IAI) in a sample of Peruvian university students. The sample consisted of 1188 students, 56.6% of whom were female and 43.4% male, ranging in age from 17 to 60 years old. After the factor analyses (exploratory and confirmatory), the three factors or dimensions of the instrument were consolidated, and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha, finding good internal consistency. In addition, the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) validity was found, all values being adequate to verify the psychometric quality of the instrument.
Residence area
Authors: Senthilraja S. , Anbuchelvan C.
Published: June 2022

All academic disciplines include research, and students in research programmes should have a solid understanding about basic research principles. Owing to generate perfect research graduate, postgraduate teachers must guarantee that students gain the ability to do research using the recognised procedures connected with specific educational sub-disciplines. Many factors may affect the research attitude of the college students.  A deep probe on the location of the specific factors leads to recommend appropriate strategies to improve the research attitude further. This study attempts to gain a better knowledge of the general research attitude of prospective teacher educators with respect to their residence area as an influencing factor.  For this 640 sample were randomly selected from 27 different colleges in Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Erode, Namakkal, and Salem districts of Tamilnadu. The findings revealed that residence area is an influencing factor of prospective teacher educators.  The sample had an average level of research attitude. The higher education institutions should improve the research attitude of prospective teacher educators through teaching and training in research. This training should help them to successfully integrate research attitudes with growth plans in the educational process.
Cloud computing in technical and social perspective view
Authors: Lakshmipriya G , Mathumitha M.
Published: June 2022

The term cloud computing  is a recent buzzword in the IT world. Behind this fancy poetic phrase there lies a true picture of the future of  Computing for both in technical perspective and social perspective. Though the term \Cloud Computing" is recent but the idea of centralizing computation and storage in distributed data centers maintained by third party companies is not new but it came in way back in 1990s along with distributed computing approaches like grid computing.
E-library management system
Authors: Kavitha G , Valarmathy P.
Published: June 2022

Online Library Management System is a system which maintains the information about the books present in the library, their authors, the members of library to whom books are issued, library staff and all.. Owing to the advancement of technology, organization of an Online Library becomes much simple This computerization of library helps in many instances of its maintenances
Enhancement the creativity of teachers in the context of digital education
Authors: Ulmasovna Dekhkоnova Mamura , Asadova Ismatova Zulayxo , Ravilevna Aripjanova Alfiya , Kizi Tursunova Malika Baxtiyor
Published: June 2022

This research paper presents the concept of digitalization of the educational process, which is a deep counter transformation of the educational process and its elements, on the one hand, and digital technologies and tools used in the educational process.
Methods for the development of reading literacy of primary school students through independent thinking
Authors: Turdiyeva Rakhima Kurbanovna , Nasriddinova Nasiba Alimjanovna , Nazarkulova Gulnora Ablakulovna , Ummatkulova Sayyora Shavkatovna , Khojaboyeva Zilola Solijon Kizi
Published: June 2022

The research paper reveals the theoretical foundations for the formation of functional reading literacy of pupil. The task of ensuring the continuity of the levels of general education remains relevant and difficult to solve. It is its solution that is the key to improving the quality of general education in the direction of the formation of reading literacy as a basic competence designed to ensure a high level of overall educational success of schoolchildren and, in the future, specialists at all levels. The direction of the international study of the reading literacy of fourth-graders at the turn of the transition from primary to secondary school is of particular importance, i.e., the level of formation of reading literacy is assessed as the basis for further education.
Methods of teaching the Russian language
Authors: Kurganovna Kasimova Dilfuza , Abdusalamovna Abdurakhmanova Sokhibakhon , Gafurovna Abdukadyrova Shakhnoza , Sabirovna Akhrarova Nigora
Published: June 2022

This research paper provides a methodology for the formation of future teachers' understanding of the theory of language teaching as a scientific field from the standpoint of the basic methodology for the discipline of pedagogy and to consider the pattern of constructing the process of teaching oral and written communication in Russian to bilingual students; introduce approaches, methods, teaching aids for the effective and creative application of this knowledge in practice.
Situación nutricional de las mujeres indígenas Rama de la Costa Caribe Sur de Nicaragua
Authors: Rivas Suazo Enoc Geremias
Published: June 2022

En la población femenina de la etnia Rama de la Costa Caribe Sur de Nicaragua, es común observar mujeres adultas con apariencia de sobrepeso u obesidad. Sin embargo, se carecía de estudios que nos acercaran a su real estado nutricional, a fin de tomar acciones pertinentes y revertir y/o mejorar, la inadecuada nutrición por exceso o deficiencia alimentaria. El objetivo fue describir los hábitos alimenticios, las actividades físicas y los estilos de vida, relacionándolo con el estado nutricional de mujeres entre los 20-59 años. Se aplicaron encuestas a 56 participantes, recogieron información alimenticia y ejercitación, se realizó la toma de peso (kilogramo) y talla (metros), para calcular el índice de masa corporal. Los resultados muestran que el 2% de la población presenta bajo peso, 29% están en sobrepeso y 43% presentan algún grado de obesidad, lo cual está relacionado al tipo de alimentación basada predominantemente en pescados, mariscos, tubérculos, granos, cereales, grasas y frituras con dieta pobre en consumo de frutas y verduras, lo cual también está relacionado a la falta de actividades físicas. Únicamente el 29% de la población realiza actividades físicas. Los resultados de este estudio, plantean la necesidad de desarrollar programas que contribuyan a mejorar el estado de nutrición en la comunidad, que como consecuencia disminuya el riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas.
Riesgos de degradación hídrica del suelo posterior al fuego en el trópico húmedo
Authors: López López Darling Estefanía , Laguna López Elmer Jacinto , Ruiz Acevedo Tania , Flores-Pacheco Juan Asdrúbal
Published: June 2022

El suelo es un componente natural de gran importancia en la sostenibilidad de los ecosistemas, su degradación se debe, en la mayoría de los casos, al mal manejo bajo condiciones de ladera, lo que disminuye su productividad y su capacidad para sostener la vida humana. La finalidad del estudio es el análisis de los factores de riesgo en la degradación hídrica del suelo posterior al fuego en condiciones del trópico húmedo de Nicaragua. La investigación se desarrolló en la comarca Sconfran del municipio de Bluefields, Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur (RACCS). Se caracterizó y analizó las condiciones que interfieren la dinámica de degradación del suelo en condiciones de ausencia (Pre) y en posterior (Post) incendio forestal (Fuego). La parcela de monitoreo de erosión (de 20 m2) tuvo tres intensidades de cobertura vegetal (0%, 50% y 100%). La producción de sedimentos y el volumen de escorrentía se correlacionan de forma importante con la precipitación. Se estima que las concentraciones de material combustible oscilan entre 1,000 -10,300 Kg/Ha. Las concentraciones de materia orgánica (MO%) en todos los tratamientos presentaron disminuciones drásticas. La pérdida de suelo (54.6 Kg/m2) y arrastre de sedimentos (37.9 Kg ha-1) fueron superiores en suelos post incendio. Los resultados obtenidos son importantes para establecer estrategias agrícolas para disminuir la degradación en zonas rurales de la Costa Caribe de Nicaragua.
EXPLORING THE UNDERLYING FACTORS OF DROPPING OUT AT SECONDARY-LEVEL SCHOOLS IN KHULNA, BANGLADESH
Authors: Sheikh Md. Sumon , Rashid Mamunor , Nibir Md. Mahdi-Al-Muhtasim , Rabbi Md. Fajlay
Published: June 2022

Despite a remarkable development in the education system in Bangladesh, the country still experiences a huge amount of dropout cases every year which is alarming. This study attempts to explore the whys and wherefores of dropping outs of the secondary-level students in the Khulna district. Apart from this, the research also investigates the current conditions of the dropped-out students. Quantitative and qualitative data have been collected from 52 dropouts who were selected using convenience sampling method. The respondents are secondary-level students enlisted in the dropout lists of 10 high schools in Khulna. This study identifies multiple reasons responsible for students’ dropout like financial crisis, inability to take private tuition, the effect of bad company, parental negligence, and early marriage. This study also reveals the miserable current condition of the dropouts as a substantial number of them are not engaged in any productive activities and suffer from frustration. The majority of those feel guilty and regret their decision of leaving school. Around 60 percent of them want to start their schooling again although they are getting very little or no support in some cases from the stakeholders. As ensuring quality education is one of the objectives of SDGs adopted by the United Nations, this study will carry values to school authorities, education policy-makers, and other stakeholders in solving the issues of dropouts to ensure quality and effective education for all. This research is expected to contribute to finding out ways to improve the socio-economic condition of the dropouts.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE AT MENOPAUSE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN KHULNA DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Authors: Akter Shahinur , Humaira Ayesha , Nessa Karimun , Razu Shaharior Rahman
Published: June 2022

Menopause is a significant milestone in women’s lives that marks the end of their reproductive capability. This study aimed to explain the factors associated with age at menopause among women at Khulna district of Bangladesh. Survey method was followed to carry out the study. A total of 186 postmenopausal women aged 45 years and above were purposively selected for data collection. Following a semi-structured interview schedule, data were collected between February and March, 2019. In multivariate analysis, residence, number of pregnancy, experience of breast feeding, and having gynecological problem were found to be significantly associated (p<0.05) with age at menopause of the respondents. Women living in rural areas, having higher number of pregnancy, having breastfeeding experience, and not having any gynecological problem were more likely to experience delayed menopause. Programs and campaigns motivating women for family planning, breastfeeding and proper monitoring of gynecological problems in rural areas could be helpful for safe and delayed menopause.
Solanum Nigrum L. (Solanaceae): A new source for the treatment of Rickets
Authors: Jadhav Dinesh
Published: June 2022

Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae), a species distributed throughout India, has been found to be very effective in the treatment of Rickets.
Perennial Plants in Vietnam's Economy
Authors: Hung Duong Manh , Trinh Bui
Published: June 2022

Vietnam has strengths in perennial crop production due to its diverse soil, climate and crop ecosystems. Developing perennial crops is strength of our Vietnam's agriculture to serve the requirements of raw materials for the processing industry and for export. During the 36 years of renovation (1995 - 2021), perennial crop production has continuously developed comprehensively, growing rapidly both in terms of area expansion and intensive farming to increase productivity and output. In recent years, the output of most perennial crops has increased sharply, especially those associated with export such as coffee, rubber, tea, cashew, and pepper. Policymakers and many researchers in Vietnam seem to be "crazy" for the GDP index, so everything seems to be compared with GDP; if an industry's share in GDP is low, it doesn't seem these sectors important enough! This study used input-output analysis method to show the importance of perennial crops to the Vietnamese economy through the multiplier links between industries (inter-industrial) and the economy's supply-demand relationship.
İŞYERİNDE PSİKOLOJİK TACİZ ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN (İPTÖ) DÜZENLENMESİ VE KISA FORMUNUN GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: Gök Sibel , Karatuna Işıl , Tınaz Pınar
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, işyerinde psikolojik tacize maruz kalma oranının belirlenmesine yönelik daha önce
tarafımızdan geliştirilen İşyerinde Psikolojik Taciz Ölçeği’nin (İPTÖ) düzenlenmesi ve kısa formunun
geliştirilmesi çalışmalarını içermektedir. Türkiye çalışma şartlarına ve değerlerine uygun bir işyerinde
psikolojik taciz ölçeğinin oluşturulması düşüncesi ile tasarlanan bu araştırma, iki çalışmadan oluşmaktadır.
Birinci çalışmanın amacı İPTÖ’nün hem kamu hem özel sektörde beyaz yakalı çalışanlara uygulanabilmesi
için revizyon çalışmasını yapmak; ikinci çalışmanın amacı ise düzenlenmiş İPTÖ ile aynı yapıyı ölçen,
daha az sayıda madde içeren geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek oluşturmaktır. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda,
kamu ve özel sektörde çalışan beyaz-yakalı çalışanlara kartopu yöntemiyle ulaşılmıştır. Birinci çalışmanın
geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması kapsamında, dilbilimsel bütünlüğün sağlanması çalışması, açımlayıcı
faktör analizi, Cronbach’s Alfa, madde-toplam korelasyon, iki-yarım güvenirliği analizleri 690 katılımcı
ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci çalışmanın geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması kapsamında ise 502 katılımcıdan
oluşan farklı bir örneklem üzerinden doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçüt-bağıntılı geçerliği, Cronbach’s Alfa,
madde-toplam korelasyon, iki-yarım güvenirliği ve test-tekrar test güvenirliği analizleri yapılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen psikometrik analizler, 26 olumsuz davranış ve dört faktörlü yapıdan oluşan İşyerinde
Psikolojik Taciz Ölçeğinin Düzenlenmiş Formu’nun (İPTÖ-D) ve 14 olumsuz davranış ve iki faktörlü
yapıdan oluşan İşyerinde Psikolojik Taciz Ölçeğinin Kısa Formu’nun (İPTÖ-K), ülkemizde yapılacak
araştırmalarda kullanılabilir nitelikte geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğunu göstermiştir.
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH NEXUS IN THE G7 COUNTRIES
Authors: Yakubu Ibrahim Nandom , Kapusuzoğlu Ayhan , Ceylan Nildağ Başak
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the nexus between export diversification and economic growth in the G7 countries and how exchange rate volatility affects this relationship. Using data covering from 1995 to 2018, the study applies the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) techniques to examine the long-run impact of export diversification on economic growth. The results show that export diversification significantly enhances economic growth in the G7 countries. Nonetheless, the growth-enhancing effect of export diversification is inimically affected by exchange rate volatility. We also document that trade openness significantly accelerates growth which supports the trade-led growth hypothesis in the bloc. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, there is no specific study on the export diversification and economic growth relationship in the G7 countries. Besides, based on a detailed review of the literature, we are unaware of any empirical research that considers the moderating impact of exchange rate volatility on the export diversification-growth nexus.
Ingura, euskara online ikasteko sistema berria eraikitzen
Authors: Ertzibengoa Axun
Published: June 2022

Online euskara ikasteko Ingura egitasmo berria sortzeko prozesuan orain arte egin-dako bidea jasotzen du artikulu honek. 2021eko martxoan hasi eta gaurdaino emandako pauso eta hartutako erabakiez gain, finkatu diren puntuen berri ere ema-ten da: Inguraren ezaugarri nagusiak, berau osatuko duten ikastaroen antolaketa, eta ikasunitateen edukiak, besteak beste. Ingura inguru digitalak eredu teknopedagogikoa izango du oinarri. A1-C1 bitarteko mailak eskainiko ditu, eta orain arte euskara ikas-tera hurbildu ez den herritarra erakarri eta erabiltzailearen eta euskaltegiaren arteko zubi-lana egingo du. Euskara ikasi nahi duen orori tresna erraz, erakargarri eta mo-tibagarria eskaintzea du xede.