bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Ebselen Against Bipolar Disorder: A Perspective on the Interaction
with Inositol Monophosphatase (IMPase)
Authors: Ribaudo Giovanni , Madabeni Andrea , Nogara Pablo Andrei , Pavan Chiara , Bortoli Marco , Rocha Joao Batista Teixeira , Orian Laura
Published: December 2022

Despite its narrow therapeutic index and the toxicity issues related to renal injuries,
lithium is still a first-line choice for the treatment of mania and for preventing recurrences in
bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, side effects and limited efficacy in some of the cases push the
search for novel tools to ameliorate these conditions, which still represent a social burden, and
great efforts are being made toward the identification of alternative therapeutic options. In this
context, rational drug design, drug repurposing, and computer-aided drug discovery represent
time-saving and efficient strategies to pursue this goal.
Inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) represents the molecular target of lithium which acts as
an uncompetitive inhibitor. In this context, a screening on NIH Clinical Collection of druglike
compounds highlighted the polypharmacological drug ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-
benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one) as a non-competitive, irreversible IMPase inhibitor, suggesting that this molecule
could represent a valid therapeutic alternative.
In this perspective article, we aim at providing a historical overview of the uses of ebselen with particular attention
to its potential use as lithium-mimetic. We critically analyse this aspect by investigating in silico the molecular
mechanism leading to the formation of the Se-S bond between IMPase Cys141 and ebselen. Evidence of the bond
formation is supported by the crystallographic data Fenn et al. We hypothesize that the IMPase-ebselen complex
promotes the association with other IMPase chains, improving the formation of the tetramer adduct, suggesting that
ebselen may stabilize the human IMPase in a form that could be less active, resulting in a decreased enzymatic activity.
An Overview of Pharmacological and Clinical Aspects of Spirulina
Authors: Afsari Forough , Zarshenas Mohammad Mehdi , Ansari Ramin , Foroughinia Farzaneh , Dadbakhsh Amir Hossein
Published: December 2022

Spirulina or Arthrospira, a Cyanobacterium from the class Cyanophyceae, with a wide
range of properties, has been applied for over 400 years. The present study aimed to review available
investigations surrounding the clinical and pharmacological properties of Spirulina that have been carried
out so far. Databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were
searched for relevant literature using the keywords: (Spirulina), (pharmacology), and (clinical). About
130 papers that studied the pharmacological characteristics of Spirulina in animal models, as well as
clinical trials, were selected from the beginning to 29 July 2021. According to this review, antioxidative,
anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, hypolipidemic, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial,
anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and radio-protective functions are attributed to Spirulina. Moreover,
Spirulina's positive influence on several organs, including hair, skin, liver, CNS, lung, and genitourinary
tract, are ascribed to different components of various species of Spirulina such as Spirulina
platensis, Spirulina fusiformis, and Spirulina maxima. Although so many studies have been accomplished
on every aspect of Spirulina in recent years, the lack of a comprehensive investigation surrounding
this microalga encouraged us to prepare this paper. Therefore, the present study could be
considered an up-to-date overview of the clinical, pharmacological, and molecular aspects of Spirulina,
resulting in more occupational research on this valuable organism.
Disturbed Sleep is Not Good for the Heart: A Narrative Review
Authors: Patel Meet , Yarlagadda Harshani , Upadhyay Shubekshya , Neupane Ritesh , Qureshi Umer , Raco Joseph D. , Jain Rahul , Jain Rohit
Published: December 2022

Sleep-related breathing disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and central
sleep apnea (CSA), have a major impact on cardiovascular function. It has shown an association
with hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and congestive
heart failure (CHF). This review focuses on highlighting the relationship between sleep apnea
and CHF. We discuss the underlying pathophysiology, which involves the mechanical, neurohormonal,
and inflammatory mechanisms; in addition, the similarities and differentiating clinical features
of OSA in patients with CHF and without CHF. We have also discussed several treatment
strategies, including weight loss, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), supplemental oxygen
therapy, theophylline, acetazolamide, mandibular advancement device, and hypoglossal nerve
stimulation (HGNS). We conclude that since there are several overlapping clinical features in patients
with OSA with Heart Failure (HF) and without HF, early detection and treatment are crucial
to decrease the risk of HF, coronary artery disease, and stroke.
Fetal Orbital Epidermal Cyst Pre-postnatal Imaging Findings: A Case
Report and Literature Review
Authors: Topaloğlu Ömer Faruk , Durmaz Mehmet Sedat , Yazol Merve , Özer Halil , Koplay Mustafa
Published: December 2022

Background:

Fetal ultrasonographic evaluation is a routine part of pregnancy follow-up,
and examination of orbital structures is also part of the routine evaluation. Although orbital developmental
anomalies are common in the neonatal period, diagnosis in the intrauterine period is not common.
To our knowledge, three cases with a diagnosis of congenital orbital epidermal cysts have been
reported in the literature, and two of them had fetal imaging findings. In this article, we present the prepostnatal
imaging findings of a case diagnosed with orbital cyst in the fetal period and histopathologically
diagnosed as epidermal cyst in the neonatal period.

Case report:

A 25-year-old woman applied for ultrasonography (USG) examination at 22 weeks of
gestation. A 35x45 mm cystic lesion causing proptosis, without solid component and vascularity, surrounding
the optic nerve and causing its thinning was observed in the left orbit. In fetal magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), the intraorbital cystic lesion, which was hyperintense on T2W images and hypointense
on T1W images, had no relationship with intracranial structures and no solid component.
The lesion of the patient, followed up with a multidisciplinary approach, was shown similarly with
computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the postnatal period. Subsequently,
the patient underwent globe-sparing surgery, and the pathological diagnosis was made as the
epidermal cyst.

Conclusion:

Orbital epidermal cysts are rarely seen, and detection in the fetal period is even rarer. It
should be considered in the differential diagnosis of orbital cystic lesions that cause proptosis in fetal
and neonatal periods.
Pharmacophore-based Identification of Potential Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenases
I/2 Inhibitors: An Explorative Avenue in Cancer Drug Design
Authors: Soliman Mahmoud E.S. , Poonan Preantha , Peters Xylia Q. , Alahmdi Mohamed I. , Abo-Dya Nader E.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Heterozygous mutations in the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoforms of isocitrate dehydrogenase
enzymes 1 and 2 subtypes have been extensively exploited as viable druggable targets, as they decrease the
affinity of isocitrate and higher affinity of D-2-hydroxyglutarate, an oncometabolite.

Objective:

Vorasidenib (AG-881) has recently been reported as a promising dual inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase
1 and 2 with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier towards the treatment of low-grade glioma. In
order to combat drug resistance and toxicity levels, this compelled us to further investigate this substance as a basis for
the creation of potential selective inhibitors of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2.

Methods:

By employing a wide range of computational techniques, binding moieties of AG-881 that contributed towards
its selective binding to isocitrate dehydrogenase enzymes 1 and 2 were identified and subsequently used to generate
pharmacophore models for the screening of potential inhibitor drugs that were further assessed by their pharmacokinetics
and physicochemical properties.

Results:

AG-881 was identified as the most favorable candidate for isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme 1, exhibiting a
binding free energy of -28.69 kcal/mol. ZINC93978407 was the most favorable candidatefor isocitrate dehydrogenase
enzyme 2, displaying a strong binding free energy of -27.10 kcal/mol. ZINC9449923 and ZINC93978407 towards
isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme 1 and 2 showed good protein structural stability with a low radius of gyration values
relative to AG-881.

Conclusion:

We investigated that ZINC9449923 of isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme 1 and ZINC 93978407 of isocitrate
dehydrogenase enzyme 2 could serve as promising candidates for the treatment of lower-grade glioma as they
cross the blood-brain barrier, and present with lower toxicity levels relative to AG-881.
Effects of Piper sarmentosum on Bone Health and Fracture Healing:
A Scoping Review
Authors: Chin Kok-Yong , Ekeuku Sophia Ogechi , Mohd Ramli Elvy Suhana
Published: December 2022

Background:

Piper sarmentosum (PS) is a traditional herb used by Southeast Asian communities
to treat various illnesses. Recent pharmacological studies have discovered that PS possesses antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory activities. Since oxidative stress and inflammation are two important processes
driving the pathogenesis of bone loss, PS may have potential therapeutic effects against osteoporosis.

Objective:

This review systematically summarised the therapeutic effects of PS on preventing osteoporosis
and promoting fracture healing.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was performed in November 2021 using 4 electronic databases
and the search string "Piper sarmentosum" AND (bone OR osteoporosis OR osteoblasts OR osteoclasts
OR osteocytes).

Results:

Nine unique articles were identified from the literature. The efficacy of PS has been studied in
animal models of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy and glucocorticoids, as well as bone fracture models.
PS prevented deterioration of bone histomorphometric indices, improved fracture healing and restored
the biomechanical properties of healed bone in ovariectomised rats. PS also prevented osteoblast/osteocyte
apoptosis, increased bone formation and mineralisation and subsequently improved trabecular bone
microstructures and strength of rats with osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoids. Apart from its antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory activity, PS also suppressed circulating and skeletal expression of corticosterone
and skeletal expression of 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 but increased the enzyme
activity in the glucocorticoid osteoporosis model. This review also identified several research gaps about
the skeletal effects of PS and suggested future studies to bridge these gaps.

Conclusion:

PS may be of therapeutic benefit to bone health. However, further research is required to
validate this claim.
Optimal Treatment Interval of Viscosupplementation for Osteoarthritic Knee Pain: Real-world Evidence from a Retrospective Study
Authors: Johnston Janice , Muir Jeffrey , Sloniewsky Michael J.
Published: December 2022

Background:

The evidence supporting multiple courses of viscosupplementation for knee osteoarthritis continues to grow; however, the optimal treatment interval for repeat courses is not well understood. To address this, we compared baseline pain and disability scores in patients returning for subsequent treatment with their prior discharge scores.

Methods:

We retrospectively collected data from patients at 16 rehabilitation clinics who presented for repeated courses of viscosupplementation treatment for knee OA. Primary outcomes were pain (visual analog scale, VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, which were collected following the initial treatment course and compared with scores upon return for treatment. The proportion of patients who fulfilled a minimal clinically important difference in each outcome was calculated.

Results:

61 patients (81 knees) were included in our analysis. After a 6-month treatment interval, no significant differences were noted between post-discharge and returning scores for either VAS (p=0.73) or WOMAC (Pain: p=0.42; Function: p=0.54; Stiffness: p=0.29). Patients waiting 9 months to return for treatment saw a 45% increase in their pain scores (p=0.10) and significant worsening in WOMAC scores (Pain: p=0.007; Function: p=0.03; Stiffness: p=0.04). At 12 months, pain (p=0.01), WOMAC Pain (p=0.05), and WOMAC Stiffness (p=0.02) had all worsened significantly compared to discharge following the initial course.

Conclusion:

Our data indicate that patients who return for treatment within a 6-month treatment interval maintain their improvements, but that when the interval increases to 9 months or more, patients present as significantly worsened, having lost the benefit of their initial course of treatment.
A Comprehensive Review of Indian Market Scenario and Motor used in
Electric Vehicle
Authors: Tiwari Nitesh , Yadav Shekhar , Arya Sabha Raj
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on better understanding the Indian Electric Vehicle (EV) market scenario
based on battery and motor specifications. Electric two-wheelers, three-wheelers, and fourwheelers
have different challenges and requirements at the efficient design level. This paper also
provides a comprehensive review of brushed DC motors, brushless DC (BLDC) motors, permanent
magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), induction motors (IM), switched reluctance motors (SRM),
and flux switching motors (FSM) for EV application.

Background:

The market for EVs is growing rapidly in India as a developing country, and users are
looking forward to highly efficient and cost-effective EVs due to the pollution and unavailability of
petroleum.

Objective:

The main objective of this paper is to provide the right choice of EV motor based on vehicle
type, driving cycle, and user requirement.

Method:

This paper comprehensively reviews DC and AC motor drive systems for EV application.

Conclusion:

Nowadays, manufacturing is mainly inclined towards the BLDC, PMSM, and IM. In
contrast, SRM and FSM are in the early stage of development and are mainly used by the researcher.
A brushed DC motor is not too famous due to its high running cost, frequent maintenance requirements,
and comparatively bulky size.
Comparison of Single-Pass Differential Speed Rolling (DSR) and Conventional
Rolling (CR) on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of
Mg5Zn
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Hale Christopher , Zhang Honglin , Yarmolenko Sergey , Sankar Jagannathan
Published: December 2022

Background:

The primary hot rolling method implemented is differential speed rolling
(DSR). The material is rolled and grains are strained, producing fine dynamic recrystallization
(DRX) grains that improve material strength and ductility.

Objective:

The material introduced and under investigation in this paper is an Mg-based alloy,
Mg5Zn (wt. %), whose microstructure is enhanced through a combination of heat treatments with
proper temperature and holding time and subsequent plastic deformation through hot rolling to
evaluate the effect on mechanical properties

Methods:

The method involves preheating the material to various temperatures in a range from
250ºC to 350ºC and rolling to various thickness reductions to analyze the effect of single-pass differential
speed rolling (DSR) and conventional rolling (CR) on the DRX process and its influence
on mechanical properties.

Results:

The effect of single-pass differential speed rolling (DSR) and conventional rolling (CR)
on the DRX process shows that the process produces increasing amounts of finer DRX grains at
higher rolling reductions, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the material.

Conclusion:

This investigation demonstrated that single-pass DSR can improve the mechanical
properties and formability of Mg5Zn more effectively than CR in terms of grain refinement analyzed
through OM, SEM, and EBSD resulting in enhanced tensile strength and ductility [1].
Contact Characteristics of Knee-joint Cartilage During Gait Based on
Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Liu Geng , Fu Pengge , Zhang Li , Yan Yuzhou , Wang Yuxin , Li Hui
Published: December 2022

Background:

As a common clinical disease, knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized
by chronic changes and articular cartilage wear, while the in vivo cartilage contact characteristics
of the knee joint during walking are still unclear. It is difficult to implement real-time assistance
and treatment for KOA patients accurately.

Objective:

To investigate the contact biomechanics of knee cartilage during gait and predict the
mechanism and location of cartilage damage, aiming to provide theoretical support for real-time
rehabilitation assistance for KOA patients.

Method:

In this study, the subject-specific finite element (FE) method was used to predict the
contact characteristics during the stance phase of the gait. A healthy volunteer prepared an intact
geometric left knee model based on magnetic resonance scans. The kinematic and dynamic data
were collected in a gait experiment and simulated using the personalized musculoskeletal model.

Results:

Throughout the gait cycle, the contact pressure, contact area and principal Green-
Lagrangian strain in the tibiofemoral joint show two obvious peaks concentrated on the 25% and
75% stance phase. The maximum values were 15.32 MPa, 400.607 mm2, and 24.35% on the tibial
side, while 15.58 MPa, 683.538 mm2, and 29.68% on the femoral side, respectively. The contact
characteristics were significantly greater in the medial compartment than in the lateral.

Conclusion:

A FE simulation method was developed in this study to forecast the contact characteristics
of the human knee joint. The prevention, rehabilitation, and treatment of KOA should
focus more on the medial compartment close to the intercondylar eminence, both for the femoral
and tibial cartilages.
Effect of the millennial 2.0 entrepreneurship program on the technological innovation capacity of the students at the Universidad Nacional de Cañete
Authors:   Economics Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Cañete, San Vicente de Cañete, Peru, Ríos-Ríos Segundo , Ochoa-Paredes Filiberto , Uribe-Hernández Yrene , Moran-Requena Hugo , Pacheco- Sánchez Daysi
Published: December 2022

It is proposed to demonstrate that the millennial 2.0 program significantly influences the technological innovation of the students of the Universidad Nacional de Cañete. It is evidenced that the lack of technical training in the millennial 2.0 entrepreneurship program prevents students from raising awareness, while the application of a test highly motivates the students of the same program, demonstrating that the training significantly influences the program. MSEs that apply strategic planning improve their financial management and have greater control of their resources and an acceptable development in the market where they operate. Technological innovation and constant training in the millennial 2.0 program produce a greater acceptance of the innovation that is given to students and future professionals in such a way that a greater adaptation in technology and student innovation is achieved in universities, this program is directly proportional to technological innovation because the more training on this program, the greater will be their acceptance and motivation to accept the new changes. The present study has a quantitative approach, for this, the survey technique was used and the virtual multifactorial questionnaire was used as an instrument, carried out on 120 students from the university of Cañete of the school of administration, accounting and administration of tourism and hospitality, which consist of four dimensions for each variable. It was obtained from this research article that in millennial Entrepreneurship 2.0 the training helped to raise awareness among the students of the University of Cañete by 70% under the positive effect of the millennial 2.0 program, resulting in an increase of 27.5 % above the average acceptance level, in terms of university technological innovation, the interest of students rises up to 75.0% while the impact on teachers reaches 72.5% after receiving technological innovation training.
Carbon Footprint Study of Korean Green Tea Industry Using the Methods of the Life Cycle Assessment and Calculating Carbon Absorption in Agricultural Land
Authors: Lim Noh-hyun , Lee Yongjin , Lee Jieon , Kim Jongsek
Published: December 2022

Due to recent global warming and climate change events, about 127 countries have declared themselves carbon neutral since the Paris Agreement was signed. Furthermore, agriculture is directly or indirectly affected by climate change. In particular, the importance of carbon neutrality is very high due to the high carbon absorption potential of forestry biomass. In the global beverage market, green tea is the second most consumed beverage after water, and the potential of tea tree biomass to absorb carbon during cultivation is quite high. Accordingly, major tea-producing countries such as China, Taiwan, India, and Sri Lanka are conducting life cycle assessment studies of tea which can be used to reference carbon neutrality in agriculture. In this study, net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the entire life cycle of the Korean green tea industry were calculated by considering the changes in biomass carbon accumulation in green tea plantations according to the life cycle evaluation method and IPCC’s Gain-loss method. The net GHG emission of green tea in Korea varies widely, with biomass carbon absorption as high as 59% and as low as 3% per year due to agricultural land maintenance, which significantly impacts the net GHG emission result. In other words, it is important to maintain the cultivation area for carbon neutrality in the future because the changes in the green tea cultivation area have a significant effect on biomass carbon stock, affecting the whole net GHG emission process.
The Web-Based Advance Care Planning Program “Explore Your Preferences for Treatment and Care”: Development, Pilot Study, and Before-and-After Evaluation
Authors: van der Smissen Doris , Rietjens Judith A C , van Dulmen Sandra , Drenthen Ton , Vrijaldenhoven-Haitsma F Ragnhild M D , Wulp Marijke , van der Heide Agnes , Korfage Ida J
Published: December 2022

Background

Web-based advance care planning (ACP) programs may support patients in thinking about and discussing their preferences for future treatment and care. However, they are not widely available, and only a limited number of programs are evidence based.

Objective

We aimed to develop and evaluate an evidence-based, interactive web-based ACP program that guides users through the process of thinking about, discussing, and recording of preferences for treatment and care.

Methods

The program “Explore your preferences for treatment and care” was developed, pilot-tested on feasibility, and subsequently evaluated; engagement in ACP was assessed before program completion and 2 months after program completion using the ACP Engagement Survey (score 1-5) among 147 persons with chronic disease. Usability (score 0-100) and user satisfaction (score 1-5) were also assessed.

Results

ACP engagement increased from 2.8 before program completion to 3.0 two months after program completion (P<.001); contemplation about ACP increased from 2.6 to 2.8 (P=.003), and readiness for ACP increased from 2.2 to 2.5 (P<.001). No changes were found for knowledge about ACP (3.0-3.2; P=.07) and self-efficacy for ACP (3.8-3.8; P=.25). The program was perceived as usable (mean 70, SD 13), attractive (mean 3.8, SD 0.7), and comprehensible (mean 4.2, SD 0.6).

Conclusions

We developed an evidence-based, interactive web-based ACP program in cocreation with patients, relatives, and health care professionals. Before-and-after evaluation showed that the program can support people in taking first steps in ACP and in reflecting on preferences for treatment and care, by guiding them through the process of ACP using a stepwise approach. Participants perceived the program as usable and understandable, and they were satisfied with the program and with the amount of information. Health care professionals may use the program as a tool to start ACP discussions with their patients. The program may increase awareness of ACP.
The difference in scaling root-planing results between addition of photodynamic therapy and application of metronidazole gel of 25% in chronic periodontitis treatment
Authors: Tjandra Andreas , Murdiastuti Kwartarini , Soesilowati Al Sri Koes , Yuniawati Fitri
Published: December 2022

Scaling Root-Planing (SRP) is a mechanical treatment for removing hard and soft deposits as well as bacteria that adhere to the tooth surface. The additional use of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) can lead to damage of pathogen bacteria cell. Metronidazole is a common antibiotic with broad spectrum that goes againsts periodontal pathogen. This study aimed to compare the treatment outcomes between combined treatment SRP+PDT and SRP+metronidazole gel 25% in treating chronic periodontitis from the clinical parameters of Pocket Depth (PD), Relative Attachment Level (RAL), Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI) and the number of bacterial colonies. The study samples were taken from 30 periodontal pocket points, which were divided into two treatment groups. The first group was treated with SRP, then had an application of chlorophyll into the pockets and was lighted by 405 nm light, while the second group was treated with SRP, and was applied by metronidazole gel 25% into the pocket. The procedures were started by taking bacteria in the pocket using paper point in two treatment groups, then measuring PD, RAL and PBI as the baseline. After the treatments, PD and RAL results were calculated within observation time of the baseline, the 3rd, the 6th and the 9th weeks, while PBI and the number of bacterial colony were calculated at the baseline and the 3rd week. Distribution of data was analyzed by Shapiro Wilk test and the data reduction used non parametric test of Mann Whitney. The result showed a decreasing level in PD, RAL, PBI and the number of bacterial colony in both groups, but significant difference was seen in PD, and RAL of the baseline of the 9th week. Thus, the study concludes that the combination of SRP+PDT has the same effectiveness when compared to the combination of SRP+metronidazole gel of 25% in chronic periodontitis treatment, and the result is even greater in reducing the level of PD and RAL as seen from the baseline of 9th week measurement.
MIC and MBC of red fruit extract (Pandanus conoideus Lam) against periodontal pathogens bacteria
Authors: Amalia Martina , Manik Vivi Oktavia , Jafar Indrawati , Ginting Shaskhia Angelina Br
Published: December 2022

There are only few studies on the antibacterial activity of red fruit extract (Pandanus conoideus Lam) against oral pathogenic bacteria. Thus, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of red fruit extracts by looking at the Minimum inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) against periodontal pathogenic bacteria. The subjects of this study were Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277). The antibacterial effectiveness of red fruit extract was tested by the liquid dilution method (microdilution). The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test followed by a double comparison test with the Post Hoc Least Significance Different (LSD) test method. The red fruit extract effectively inhibited and eliminated test bacteria (p <0.05). Our study showed that the red fruit extracts at a concentration of 20% could inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which was determined as the MIC strength of 80% as MBC of both bacteria tested. Furthermore, red fruit extract at the concentration of 10% showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum, which was determined as MIC of Fusobacterium nucleatum and the strength of 40% as MBC of Fusobacterium nucleatum. The red fruit extracts were significantly effective against the growth of Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis provide essential information for further in vivo clinical studies to determine the exact dosage and clinical effectiveness of periodontal disease.
Effect of Nanofilled Resin-Based Coating on the Compressive Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement – in vitro
Authors: Setiawan Ardy , Gunawan Juanita Amaludin , Wulansari Selviana , Nugroho Didi
Published: December 2022

Glass ionomer cement as one of the restoration materials requires high compressive strength so it can last during functional activity. The latest glass ionomer cement comes with glass hybrid technology and a nanofilled resin-based protective coating which is said to increase the compressive strength of glass ionomer cement. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nanofilled resin-based coating and the types of glass ionomer cement materials on their compressive strength. Two types of commercial glass ionomer cement material were used; conventional (Fuji IX GP Extra), and hybrid (EQUIA Forte Fill) glass ionomer cement. Forty cylindrical (4 x 6 mm) samples were prepared in each group. The main group was divided into 4 subgroups (n=10) based on the protective coating used (EQUIA Forte Coat, Varnish, Control, Water + EQUIA Forte Coat). Eight subgroups were immersed in 37 °C distilled water for 7 days, then a compressive strength test was performed using a universal testing machine. The data analysis showed no significant difference in the compressive strength between the two types of glass ionomer cement materials (p>0.05). The use of a protective coating was associated with a significant decrease in the compressive strength (p<0.05). The use of glass ionomer cement without the application of a protective coating was considered to be quite good because the compressive strength value of the restoration still met the standards of the American Dental Association.
Periodontal status in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: a scoping review
Authors: Sari Kartika Indah , Fauziah Restu Amelia , Sarilita Erli , Ong Paulus Anam , Purba Ambrosius , Widyaputra Sunardhi
Published: December 2022

Periodontitis is the most common condition of chronic periodontal infection and inflammation in the elderly population. Periodontal disease can cause local inflammation that contributes to higher risk of systemic inflammatory disease. Current research suggests a possible link between periodontal disease and neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of the study is to provide a profile of the periodontal tissue status in people with Alzheimer’s disease. This scoping review followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guideline, and the searching was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCOHost databases during February 6th – February 7th, 2021 with keywords of periodontal disease, periodontitis, periodontal inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. It also included MeSH terms of “periodontal disease” and “Alzheimer’s disease” if available. Additionally, snowballing technique was used to include more articles. The identification and writing process for this article followed the PRISMA-ScR framework. There were 60 articles included in this study. This scoping review shows a profile of general characteristics including decreased oral hygiene and periodontal tissue status showed by high score of plaque and calculus, gingival inflammation, high percentage of Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP) along with deterioration of cognitive function. There was a decreasing level of periodontal health along with the decline in cognitive function experienced by AD participants. However, further research is needed to see the mechanism of this relationship.
Use of Rituximab in Childhood Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Chan Eugene Yu-hin , Yap Desmond Yat-hin , Colucci Manuela , Ma Alison Lap-tak , Parekh Rulan S. , Tullus Kjell
Published: December 2022

Rituximab is an established therapy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome to sustain short- to medium-term disease remission and avoid steroid toxicities. Recent trials focus on its use as a first-line agent among those with milder disease severity. Rituximab is used in multidrug refractory nephrotic syndrome and post-transplant disease recurrence, although the evidence is much less substantial. Available data suggest that the treatment response to rituximab depends on various patient factors, dosing regimen, and the concomitant use of maintenance immunosuppression. After repeated treatments, patients are found to have an improving response overall with a longer relapse-free period. The drug effect, however, is not permanent, and 80% of patients eventually relapse and many will require an additional course of rituximab. This underpins the importance of understanding the long-term safety profile on repeated treatments. Although rituximab appears to be generally safe, there are concerns about long-term hypogammaglobulinemia, especially in young children. Reliable immunophenotyping and biomarkers are yet to be discovered to predict treatment success, risk of both rare and severe side effects, e.g., persistent hypogammaglobulinemia, and guiding of redosing strategy. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the use of rituximab for childhood nephrotic syndrome and how the therapeutic landscape is evolving.
PHARMACOKINETIC PREDICTIONS AND MOLECULAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TERPENOID AND FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS FROM MIANA LEAVES (PLECTRANTHUS SCUTELLARIOIDES (L.) R. BR.) AS AN ANTIMALARIAL CANDIDATES ON PLASMEPSIN II RECEPTOR
Authors: TJITRARESMI AMI , APRIALI KIRKA DWI , NURVIANITA KAMILA , MUSFIROH IDA , MOEKTIWARDOYO MOELYONO , SUSILAWATI YASMIWAR
Published: December 2022

Objective: This study aims to find antimalarial candidates from 32 terpenoids and three flavonoid compounds found in miana leaves in silico using plasmepsin protein as a receptor through docking simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, and pharmacokinetic predictions.

Methods: The research was conducted in silico through molecular docking simulation, molecular dynamic simulations, analysis of potential compounds using Lipinski’s rule, and prediction of ADMET based on ligands.

Results: The results showed isophytol had the best interaction with the plasmepsin II based on the low free binding energy (FBE) and led to hydrogen bonding with the plasmepsin II crucial amino acid, Asp34. Isophytol has the best result in molecular dynamic simulation. Based on pharmacokinetics predictions, toxicity, and Lipinski’s rule of five, most tested compounds, including isophytol, meet the criteria as a promising drug.

Conclusion: Isophytol from miana leaves with plasmepsin II protein has the best and most stable interaction based on the results of molecular dynamic simulation, so this compound was a candidate for antimalarial drugs.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE AND TREATMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN TELANGANA STATE
Authors: NIKHAT SYEDA RANA , KAREEM JUVEYRIA , LATEEF ASMA , FATIMA SYEDA RUHI , SULTANA RAFIA
Published: December 2022

Objective: To study the Prevalence of urinary tract infections and related risk factors and to study the Management of urinary tract infections.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in General Medicine Department, Osmania General Hospital (OGH), a tertiary care teaching hospital in Telangana State, where patients presenting or highly suspicious of having UTIs were included in the study. Pregnant women, Children, Patients who are not willing to participate were excluded from the study. Data was collected in predesigned Data collection forms.
Results: Over a period of 6 Mo a total of 75 UTI cases were observed in General Medicine Department of OGH, which included 33 Males, and 42 Females. High prevalence of UTI were observed in Females in the middle age group i.e. 31-45 y, whereas in Males, in senior adult group i.e.,>60 y. The age group 18-30 y have shown the dominance of Uncomplicated UTIs(19%) and Primary UTIs (17%) and the age group>60 y have shown the dominance of Complicated UTIs (25%) and Recurrent UTIs(23%). The most common causative organism was found to be E. coli (69.3%). It was confirmed that the most common risk factor was found to be Diabetes Mellitus, followed by Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease. The most common antibiotic prescribed for UTI was Piperacillin+Tazobactum and for fungal UTIs, an antifungal drug i.e., Fluconazole was prescribed.
Conclusion: E. coli are the major cause of UTIs among patients It is discovered that UTI is common among females. Hospitalisation, married individuals, Diabetes mellitus, genitourinary tract abnormalities, congestive cardiac failure, hypertension, prostatitis and female gender are the most important risk factors of UTIs. Appropriate measures may help to reduce UTIs due to these associated factors.
STUDY THE PRODUCTION OF PEDIOCIN BY PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI IN REPEATED FED-BATCH FERMENTATION MODE ON MEAT PROCESSING WASTE
Authors: MANDAL BARNALI
Published: December 2022

Objective: The production of pediocin has been studied in a repeated fed-batch reactor with intermittent feeding. The producer strain of pediocin was Pediococcus acidilctici. Meat processing waste was used as nutrient in growth media.
Methods: Repeated fed-batch fermentation has been conducted in a bioreactor with three recycle ratio, such as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3. A mathematical model has been developed for the prediction of reactor behaviour. The antimicrobial activity of pediocin was expressed as arbitrary units per millilitre (AU/ml). The concentrations of biomass, lactic acid, glucose and protein have also been measured with respect to time.
Results: The experimental results were matched well with predicted data. The correlation coefficient (R2) was in between 0.95 to 0.97. The maximum productivity of pediocin was obtained 457,200 AU/h for 0.2 recycle ratio.
Conclusion: The model was validated for high-accuracy prediction. The study should be applicable for large-scale pediocin production.
Plan de Vacunación 9/100 del Gobierno de Ecuador: Un análisis comparativo del uso de redes sociales
Authors: Lozano Recalde Cristian
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar cómo se ha gestionado en redes sociales la comunicación sobre el Plan de Vacunación 9/100 del Gobierno del Ecuador, lanzado a raíz de la pandemia de COVID-19. Tras hacer un repaso teórico sobre comunicación gubernamental y gestión del riesgo en el contexto de la salud pública, se analiza la actividad en redes sociales de la Secretaría General de Comunicación del Ecuador entre el 24 de mayo y el 1 de septiembre de 2021. Para ello, primero, se emplea la metodología PRGS (presencia, respuesta, generación, sugerencia), para medir la actividad y la respuesta obtenida en redes sociales. Posteriormente, se analiza el contenido de las publicaciones, evaluando el encuadre, presentación y finalidad de los mensajes transmitidos. Los hallazgos revelan que el plan de vacunación fue el tema principal en redes sociales y que los mensajes correspondieron a una comunicación de riesgo. Sin embargo, se evidenciaron ciertas carencias para la gestión del riesgo en contextos sanitarios.
La patrimonialización del corto documental moderno sobre arte en América Latina. Rescate y revalorización en México y en Chile
Authors: Cossalter Javier
Published: December 2022

El auge de la corriente del film sobre arte en América Latina acaeció entre mediados de la década del cincuenta y de la del setenta, en contacto estrecho con la modernidad cinematográfica y la renovación del campo cultural. Hoy en día, a partir de las recomendaciones de la UNESCO para salvaguardar las imágenes en movimiento y producto de la eficacia de las nuevas tecnologías, se observa un proceso de puesta en valor del film breve latinoamericano sobre arte. En este sentido, el presente artículo explora de forma comparada dicha tendencia en México y en Chile, con el propósito de examinar sus rasgos principales y vislumbrar las similitudes y diferencias en torno a la valoración patrimonial de las obras, tanto en el presente de su creación como en la actualidad. Para ello, se llevará a cabo el estudio del contexto sociocultural de producción de los films y las entidades de legitimación, el análisis estético y sociopragmático del corpus seleccionado, y la reflexión acerca de la revalorización institucional contemporánea del film sobre arte en el marco de las políticas públicas relativas a este sector cultural.
Cine y mal de archivo en tres horizontes latinoamericanos: Archivo Cordero, Tierra Sola y la utopía de Anarchivia
Authors: Estrada Alvarez Adriana
Published: December 2022

Este ensayo tiene como objetivo estudiar tres experiencias documentales latinoamericanas que trabajan con la memoria visual archivada: la primera, una antropóloga queda fascinada con un antiguo archivo fotográfico en La Paz, Bolivia. La historia de un posible investigador que encuentra algunas películas sobre una isla en la lejanía del océano Pacífico, y viaja hacia ella, y desde ahí le escribe a un amigo. Finalmente se cierra el ensayo con la historia de un cineasta que buscó The life of general Villa (1914) encontró fragmentos de ella en La venganza de Pancho Villa (1931), el cineasta apasionado de su historia comenzó a comprar lotes de celuloide, aparatos de cine mecánicos antiguos, y todo tipo de instrumentos visuales para vivir en una utopía llamada Anarchivia.
Documental desde adentro: dos mujeres documentalistas afromexicanas
Authors: Lora Krstulovic Rosa Claudia , Lucero María José
Published: December 2022

Esta entrevista busca presentar el trabajo de dos jóvenes realizadoras de la región de Costa Chica (México), Mónica Morales y Clemen Villamizar, profundizando en sus respectivos documentales: Tita, tejedora de raíces (2018) y El Quizá (en proceso de finalización). Esta conversación tuvo lugar en el marco del I Festival Artístico Audiovisual Afrodescendencias, organizado por el Laboratorio Audiovisual del Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social en mayo de 2021, con la intención de acercarnos a sus vidas, motivaciones, procesos creativos y experiencias surgidas durante la producción, montaje y proyección de las películas.
La fotografía en los linderos de la hipertrofia audiovisual. Entrevista con Daniel Vargas
Authors: Argüello Pablo Iván
Published: December 2022

El extenso universo del patrimonio audiovisual abarca diversas áreas. Una de ellas se enfoca en la preservación de acervos fotográficos. El aumento exponencial en la producción de imágenes, derivado del acceso a nuevas tecnologías, ha propiciado su masificación en términos de distribución y consumo. Este escenario invita a reflexionar sobre el papel que juegan los acervos documentales fotográficos en la (re)construcción de una memoria colectiva, tanto en un sentido diacrónico como sincrónico. El caso del Museo Archivo de la Fotografía, ubicado en el corazón de la Ciudad de México, es un espacio concebido como depositario de una memoria visual que muestra las transformaciones de una capital convulsa y culturalmente compleja. En esta entrevista, el antropólogo visual Daniel Vargas (actual director del recinto), aborda no solo los retos que conlleva mantener en óptimas condiciones un acervo que consta de poco más de dos millones de imágenes, sino su incidencia en la construcción de una memoria colectiva.
Archivos, repertorios y usos del cine doméstico huérfano: la experiencia del Proyecto filmoteca.cl
Authors: Olivares Jansana Diego
Published: December 2022

En medio de la irrupción de nuevos paradigmas para aproximarse al pasado, miles de películas domésticas huérfanas reclaman su lugar en los programas de conservación institucional en todo el mundo. Estos documentos, hasta hace poco considerados menores, imponen acuciantes desafíos metodológicos al trabajo de los archivos fílmicos. Este texto indaga en las características materiales y conceptuales de estas películas para describir el tránsito entre su espacio privado de origen y su nueva custodia. En la discusión propuesta, se observa la experiencia del Proyecto filmoteca.cl para analizar la metáfora de orfandad de estas imágenes familiares rescatadas, junto a las potencias, riesgos y alcances éticos de su uso contemporáneo. Se constata, además, que el creciente interés por estas películas sin programa está ensanchando el panorama del cine nacional chileno, ampliando su rango más allá del canon estético-narrativo que marcó, sin contrapeso, la realización y archivo durante el siglo XX.
Steroids: Pharmacology, Difficulties and Practice Delivery Issues
Authors: Vishwakarma Priya , Jain Prateek Kumar , Vishwakarma Prashant , Jain Anushree , Khare Basant
Published: December 2022

Since their identification nearly 80 years ago, steroids have played a prominent role in the treatment of many disease states. Many of the clinical roles of steroids are related to their potent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. Clinically relevant side effects of steroids are common and problematic. Side effects can occur at a wide range of doses and vary depending on the route of administration. The full spectrum of side effects can be present even in patients taking low doses. Practitioners must be aware that these drugs might exacerbate a preexisting condition or present a new medical condition. Knowledge of the clinical implications of prescribing these agents is critical. Steroid withdrawal syndrome can produce a broad array of signs and symptoms, some of which are not well recognized. High fever is among these. Corticosteroids modulate immune function through various effects in the nucleus of numerous cells. When used in pharmacologic doses to suppress allergic responses or inflammation, these agents can cause numerous adverse effects associated with an excess of glucocorticoid activity. Prolonged use (>2 wk) results in suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which requires tapering of doses. Dosing strategies for systemic corticosteroids are designed to minimize the risk for hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis suppression. This review summarizes the basic pharmacology, complications, and practice delivery issues regarding steroids.
Keywords: Steroids, Corticosteroids, Adrenal cortex hormones, Glucocorticoids, Medication therapy management, Mineralocorticoids
Política de suelo urbano en San Carlos de Bariloche (2001-2019). Aportes para un balance crítico.
Authors: Guevara Tomás , Wallace Julieta
Published: December 2022

This article addresses urban land policies as a key element to guarantee habitability conditions for the working class. With this in mind, the article analyzes the urban land policy developed in the city of San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, in the post-crisis period of 2001, in particular after the housing crisis of 2006-2008, until 2019, in order to make a critical balance of the lots with utilities production policy. Starting from a documentary and qualitative methodological approach, the different operations initiated by the municipal State are examined, taking into account the modalities of land acquisition, the forms of infrastructure financing, the recipients, and their form of organization, among other variables. The results of the research show an effort by the local government of San Carlos de Bariloche to provide utilities to 140 hectares of urban land, but they also show the limitations in its implementation. The work attempts to contribute to the discussion on the causes of urban informality and its relationship with housing and urban policies implemented by local governments in Latin America. The production of lots with utilities is a fundamental pillar of urban policy, but its research has been limited. As such, the article also tries to account for this gap in the literature.