bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinación de aflatoxina total y ocratoxina a en maca seca y en harina de maca
Authors: Reyes D. Vilma J. , Quevedo G. Fernando
Published: September 2020

Se ha determinado la concentración de aflatoxina total y ocratoxina A en la maca seca y en harina de maca (Lepidium meyenii walp), así como los factores fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos que influyen en su producción. Para ello, se ha recolectado muestras de 4 comunidades productoras y de 4 mercados principales. Los factores extrínsecos como temperatura y humedad relativa promedio son 10 °C y 52,5%, en las comunidades y 15°C y 71% en los mercados; estas condiciones hacen posible el crecimiento y desarrollo de Fusarium avenaceum,Penícillium corylophylum, P.commune, P.chrysogenum, Aspergillus níger, A.flavus, A.ochraceus, esclerotia de A. flavus, Rízophus y levaduras. Se ha determinado una concentración promedio de aflatoxina total, 0,829 ppb (Mg/kg), cifra que indica buena calidad de maca seca y la concentración promedio de ocratoxina A, 8,703 ppb, cifra que sobrepasa el límite máximo permitido por la legislación de Estados Unidos N° 123/2005. Los factores que influyen en la producción de ocratoxina A son los azúcares reductores y el pH. El promedio de hongos totales encontrado es 50 x 102 ufc/ g, y no es un factor influyente en la producción de esta micotoxina. Las muestras de comunidades tuvieron mayor cantidad de ocratoxína A y número de hongos que las muestras de los mercados. En harina de maca, el promedio de aflatoxina total es 12.453 ppb, encontrándose concentraciones altas en la harina tostada a granel del Mercado Central de Lima y los factores influyentes son humedad relativa, pH y acidez. El promedio de ocratoxina A es de 2.892 ppb, encontrándose concentraciones altas en la harina del Mercado de Chupaca, los factores influyentes son los azúcares reductores y el pH. Por otro lado, el número de hongos en harina de maca es 78 x 102 ufc/ g y es un factor influyente en la producción de aflatoxina total pero no en la producción de ocratoxina A.
Producción de leche fermentada utilizando bacterias probióticas (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium lactís y Streptococcus thermophilus) con leche de cabra y de vaca
Authors: Guerrero Alva Daniza Mirtha , Gamarra Ballena Gerardo
Published: September 2020

En el presente estudio se adicionó un cultivo mixto Bio Rich constituido por Lactobacillus acidophilus La-1,Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 y Streptococcus thermophilus a leche de cabra, de vaca, así como a la mezcla de ambas en proporción (1:1); obteniéndose leche fermentada o cultivada entera o integral en base al contenido de acidez, porcentaje de grasa y al crecimiento de las bacterias probióticas Lactobacillus acidophi1us (107ufc/ml) y Bifidobacterium lactis (106ufc/ml), además de Streptococcus thermophilus (109ufc/ml), las que cumplen las normas microbiológicas de las leches fermentadas o cultivadas. Se determinó el porcentaje de inóculo y la temperatura de fermentación, siendo el pH de corte de 4,5. El tiempo de proceso con leche de vaca, de cabra y con la mezcla de leche de cabra y de vaca (1 :1) fue de 4 horas, 7 horas y 4 horas, respectivamente.
Presentación
Authors: Espinoza Claudio César
Published: September 2020

Desde mi ventana observo el mar y la cadena de montañas de los Andes, el cielo neblinoso y también la isla de San Lorenzo que cotidianamente acompaña mis labores en San Marcos (Lima, Perú) y a la que ahora por la pandemia del Covid-19 me impide regresar contra mi melancólica voluntad. Esta vez nos tocó trabajar IS 43 mirando y gozando la naturaleza pensando cómo es que casi nos quedamos fuera del tiempo para proseguir nuestra aventura académica y sacar adelante Investigaciones Sociales que este año cumple 25 años. El murmullo de las olas del mar y el silencio nocturno acompaña nuestras jornadas cotidianas buscando moldear el arte de la escritura de los investigadores que se comprometieron en perfeccionar sus textos en medio de la cuarentena y el combate contra el tiempo para cumplir con este compromiso anual.
Utopía andina. Ideología y movimientos sociales
Authors: Plasencia Soto Rommel
Published: September 2020

Este artículo discute el uso del concepto de “utopía andina” por las ciencias sociales de los años 80. Fue usada no sólo para caracterizar el “ciclo de rebeliones” del sur andino y las invasiones campesinas de mediados del siglo XX, sino también para explicar (en un primer momento), la aparición de Sendero Luminoso en Ayacucho. Las razones fueron, entre otras, el de usar el arsenal teórico de la antropología y también el de exotizar (y exorcizar) a dicho movimiento.
Geomorfología del abanico proluvial La Yesera que está ocupada en parte por la localidad de San José Los Molinos, Ica-Perú
Authors: Meléndez de la Cruz Juan Felipe
Published: September 2020

Geomorfológicamente, el torrente La Yesera es una unidad del relieve que se caracteriza por la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa profundos debido a que en su cuenca de recepción ocurren intensos procesos de meteorización y erosión. Geológicamente, la cuenca de recepción de la referida unidad es un batolito con rocas deformadas por fracturas y fallas. El canal de desagüe y abanico del torrente está cubierto de potentes capas de lodo (arenas) y bloques (clastos y bolos). El abanico proluvial del torrente está muy disectado debido al impactado y la acción cortante de aluviones (huaycos) durante el cuaternario reciente (últimos 10,000 años).

El mencionado abanico proluvial se localiza aledaño al río Ica, por su margen izquierda. La vía asfaltada que une la localidad de San José Los Molinos con la ciudad de Ica corta el mencionado abanico en dos sectores. El primero contiguo al río Ica que está ocupado por terrenos de cultivos y algunas viviendas. En el segundo sector se localiza la localidad de San José Los Molinos que se encuentra expuesta al impacto de aluviones siendo un espacio de riesgos de desastres.
Buscando el rastro del Chuqui Chinchay en territorios Moche: Sujetos duales en el Perú pre-colombino
Authors: Álvarez Chávez Roland
Published: September 2020

El Personaje D de la famosa Escena de Sacrificio Moche constituye a la fecha un enigma. Actualmente hay tres posibles candidatos: el personaje hallado en la tumba 14, el Señor de Úcupe, y finalmente aunque descartada, la Señora de Cao, y justamente por su sexo femenino. En ese sentido, el presente artículo constituye principalmente una aventura de indagaciones que van desde las crónicas hasta la teoría de género, pasando por la iconografía, con la finalidad de demostrar a partir de datos iconográficos, materiales e historiográficos un posible rastro que pudiera ayudar con su posible identidad. Esta búsqueda ensaya la posibilidad de relación entre el Personaje D Moche y la figura divina del Chuqui Chinchay. En dicha tarea, nos proponemos lanzar astutamente las diferentes pistas y evidencias que demostrarían dicha relación, lo que nos hablaría de la existencia en las sociedades pre-hispánicas del Perú de sujetos duales, que al parecer tuvieron un tratamiento corpóreo que va entre variaciones de masculino a femenino y viceversa, y enmarcado dentro de prácticas y ceremonias rituales.
Memoria en la neblina. Los orígenes chinos de la familia Yeckting en el Perú
Authors: Yeckting Vilela Fabiola
Published: September 2020

El artículo es un recorrido por la memoria personal y familiar que recoge información, testimonios y entrevistas sobre el origen chino del apellido paterno de la autora. Presenta como punto de partida la migración de su bisabuelo, explorando la vida social de tres generaciones, para identificar las raíces e identidad que ha heredado y conserva su familia en los tiempos actuales.
La primaria después de Fujimori
Authors: Miyashiro Salas Hiroshi Jesús
Published: September 2020

Este artículo está basado, en primer lugar, en la experiencia del autor al cursar el segundo bimestre del sexto grado de primaria en el año 2000. En segundo lugar, información teoría y documental de la tesis titulada De la Restauración a la Persecución: Formación de la Identidad nikkei en el Perú. Este artículo esta ordenado de la siguiente forma: 1) El estereotipo, donde se hace una introducción y resumen de la historia del estereotipo en el que se encaja a los descendientes de japoneses, usando la información de la tesis mencionada y, 2) La primaria después de Fujimori, donde se desarrolla las experiencias del autor en el sexto grado de primaria, para finalizar con las conclusiones.
La experiencia democrática y el sistema político peruano (1980-2020)
Authors: Pozo Tinoco Johel Miguel
Published: September 2020

La experiencia democrática en el Perú exige una revisión detallada de su definición puesta en práctica, así como las consecuencias de su uso. Por un lado, tenemos la noción procedimental que reduce la democracia al cumplimiento de reglas electorales; por otro, tenemos nociones más sustantivas que incluyen los conceptos de rendición de cuentas, oposición y calidad democrática, que exigen mayores ampliaciones sobre la primera noción procedimental, usada dentro de su sentido común. El caso peruano sitúa a la democracia en un marco histórico más reciente (1978-1980) en el que se logró cumplir un criterio de ampliación de derechos civiles a una gran parte de la ciudadanía, pero mantuvo intactos los problemas de desigualdad social que convierten a la ciudadanía y a las elecciones en meras apariencias de los valores atribuidos al sistema democrático. Un segundo momento importante se halla luego del 2001, cuando el final de un régimen autoritario no significó la eliminación de la corrupción y de situaciones de conflicto que están vigentes actualmente dentro de la democracia actual.
Gran minería y pobreza desde los pobres: Las Bambas, Apurimac
Authors: Orco Diaz Alipio
Published: September 2020

La investigación tuvo tres objetivos; el primero fue identificar las variables que inciden en la autopercepción de la pobreza de los pobladores del distrito de Challhuahuacho; luego analizar la relación de la población desplazada y su autopercepción de la pobreza; el tercer objetivo fue explorar la posible contribución del proyecto minero Las Bambas en el bienestar subjetivo de la población local. El diseño de la investigación fue no experimental y transversal, de tipo descriptivo correlacional. La población de estudio fueron los jefes de hogar, con una muestra de trescientos cincuenta, seleccionados por muestreo probabilístico simple. Para recoger la información se aplicó un cuestionario referido a información personal, del entorno y del nivel de satisfacción en diversos dominios de la vida. Los resultados obtenidos para el primer objetivo muestran que las variables: educación, desplazamiento, satisfacción con la salud, satisfacción con el trabajo, satisfacción con los ingresos familiares y satisfacción por mantener a los dependientes adecuadamente; inciden significativamente en la pobreza subjetiva de los pobladores de Challhuahuacho. Respecto al segundo objetivo se evidencia que existe una relación inversa significativa entre pobreza subjetiva y la condición de ser desplazado. Finalmente, según los resultados el proyecto minero Las Bambas contribuye poco al bienestar subjetivo.

JEL: I31, I32, I38.
Existencia de solución y su comportamiento respecto a un parámetro para un modelo de ondas en un fluido viscoso
Authors: Milla Garcia Luis , Santiago Ayala Yolanda
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo estudiamos la existencia, unicidad y dependencia continua de la solución de la ecuación lineal homogénea KdV-Kuramoto-Sivashinsky en espacios de Sobolev periódicos. Realizamos esto usando la teoría de semigrupos y la teoría de Fourier en distribuciones periódicas. También, usando las inmersiones entre los espacios de Sobolev obtenemos propiedades adicionales de regularidad. Además, probamos algunas afirmaciones hechas en [8]. Finalmente, analizamos el comportamiento de la solución respecto a un parámetro, probando que su límite es la solución de un problema de Cauchy cuyo semigrupo asociado es la restricción de un grupo.
Aplicación de la teoría de semigrupos a una ecuación de onda semilineal con disipación localizada
Authors: Peña Miranda Carlos Alberto , Pérez Salvatierra Alfonso , Cosi Cruz Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

En este artículo, demostramos la existencia única de la solución para la ecuación de onda semilineal con disipación localizada no lineal mediante la teoría de semigrupos.
Crisis económica mundial del 2008 y su impacto en la evolución de la economía peruana
Authors: Sánchez Barraza Bernardo Javier
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Determinar el impacto de la crisis de la economía mundial del año 2008 en la evolución y proceso de la economía peruana durante el periodo 2008-2014. Método: Investigación no experimental, transversal y retrospectiva; el alcance descriptivo, correlacional, explicativo; y el enfoque cuantitativo, con base en la medición, la evaluación numérica y el análisis estadístico. Resultados: Se descarta que la relación entre el crecimiento del PBI para el periodo 2008-2014 y la crisis investigada sea nula, y según los resultados del modelo ARIMA se encuentra convicción y evidencia de una relación negativa entre este período y la economía del Perú. Asimismo, es importante subrayar que, en la ausencia de una significancia individual, la correspondencia no ha sido necesariamente cercana o directa, sino que se mostró de forma tardía en la economía peruana. Conclusiones: Los acontecimientos económicos ocasionados a una escala macroeconómica impactan a la economía global, y como el Perú es parte de ella, siempre se va a afectar positiva o negativamente; no obstante, el nivel de impacto dependerá de los vínculos y acuerdos que pueda sostener.
Repercusión económica de la pandemia originada por el COVID-19 a nivel mundial. Análisis de sectores más afectados
Authors: Araújo Vila Noelia
Published: September 2020

Al día de hoy, el COVID-19 es un virus conocido por todos, dada la situación de pandemia que se ha declarado a nivel mundial. Se trata de una crisis sanitaria sin precedentes en la historia actual, la cual ha obligado a los gobiernos de numerosos países a tomar medidas restrictivas referentes a la actividad empresarial y movilidad de ciudadanos. La investigación analiza, en primer orden, las consecuencias de esta crisis mundial en la economía, mediante indicadores económicos como los valores de la bolsa, el precio del petróleo, la tasa de desempleo o el índice del PIB de países como España o Estados Unidos. Después, el estudio se centra en dos de los sectores más afectados: turismo y comercio. A través de un análisis cualitativo vía entrevistas en profundidad, se revela cómo estos dos sectores han vivido esta crisis y cuáles son sus expectativas.
Modelo de calidad en uso para portales web bancarios en el Perú
Authors: Sobero Fany , Wong Lenis
Published: September 2020

La banca electrónica surgió ante el aumento de la demanda de los clientes como un canal alternativo de fácil acceso, que permite el ahorro de tiempo en su desplazamiento físico, siendo importante que el cliente sienta confianza y que este canal satisface su necesidad. Las aplicaciones bancarias pueden generar riesgos latentes si no se han implementado adecuadamente con ello se genera una mala percepción de los servicios de banco en general. Por ello, en la literatura existen diversos estudios sobre la aplicación de modelos de calidad en diversos rubros, pero no se han aplicado a la banca electrónica peruana, por esta razón, en el presente trabajo se propone un modelo de calidad en uso para portables web bancarias en Perú que permita conocer la percepción al usar el canal electrónico. El modelo consta de 6 características y 11 sub características, lo cual fueron obtenidas por la valoración de expertos en la banca electrónica. Para corroborar la validez de los datos se aplicó alfa de Crombach obteniéndose un 85% de confiabilidad de los datos. Como principal resultado se obtuvo que la sub característica “seguridad” se muestra como la más importante siendo este factor el más sensible como determinante de la adopción de los canales electrónicos, seguido de la “eficiencia” y “efectividad”.
Political TV debates: how to get more power and damage the opponent’s face?
Authors: Žurauskaitė Eglė
Published: September 2020

The paper aims to reveal the process of face and power construction in the context of political TV debates in Lithuania and to analyse face threatening acts (FTAs) in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. This study adopts the qualitative content analysis approach to analyse 360 minutes of political debates broadcasted before the 2016 Lithuanian parliamentary elections. The current paper presents the concept of impoliteness, which is later applied in the empirical analysis to address two main objectives: (a) to analyse the process of face and power construction in political TV debates and (b) to study FTAs in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. The results of the study have revealed that politicians seek to get more power by producing FTAs towards their opponents; a zero-sum game metaphor can be used to describe this process. Also, the analysis of FTAs has demonstrated that politicians tend to apply both negative and positive impoliteness strategies. The analysis of FTAs in terms of propositional content has shown that politicians are mostly described as the ones who are lying, hiding the truth, and have performed wrong and ineffective actions in the past. This suggests that participants in Lithuanian political TV debates seek to damage their rival’s face in a way which does not harm their own face by applying indirect – positive and negative – impoliteness strategies and by negatively describing their opponents’ professionalism and general competencies.
SARS-CoV-2 and hepatitis
Authors: Trevenzoli Marco , Guarnaccia Aurelio , Alberici Irene , Fassan Matteo , Di Meco Eugenia , Farinati Fabio , Cattelan Anna Maria
Published: September 2020

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Kebinekaan Agama dan Budaya dalam Tafsir Al-Iklīl Fī Ma‘ānī Al-Tanzīl
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Maulida Fahma
Published: September 2020

This paper contains a study of the dynamics of Miṣbāḥ Muṣṭafa interpretation of the verses of the Qur’an in the theme of religious diversity in the interpretation of al-Iklīl fī Ma‘ānī al-Tanzīl. The dynamics are seen in the interpretation of the verse about the status of heresy and safety of non-Muslims in the hereafter. Besides explaining the interpretation of the issues related to the above problem, this paper also wants to explore further the interpretation of Miṣbā ḥ Muṣṭafā about religious diversity, which in its interpretation on one side of the mind is still relevant to the context of Indonesian social relations. But on the other hand it contradicts him. With the descriptive-explorative method, this paper discovers four principles of religious diversity in Tafsir al-Iklīl, namely: 1) diversity as sunnatullāh, as illustrated in the Misbah interpretation which believes in diversity such as Muslims and non-Muslims. 2) Islamic recognition of the existence of other religions, which is reflected in the absence of coercion in choosing religion as its belief. 3) the ability of non-Muslims to ask for protection from Muslims, and 4) religious tolerance, reflected in the absence of prohibitions to their followers to do good and fair to non-Muslims as long as they do not do bad and denounce the religion of Islam.
Etiology and Management of Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia in Completely Edentulous Patients - A Review
Authors: Dr.Chandrasinh Rajput  , Dr.Hitendra Shah  , Dr.Shruti Mehta  , Dr.Tanvi Goyal  , Dr.Vinita Karia  , Dr.Viraj Shah
Published: September 2020

Oral mucosa of complete denture wearing patients is subjected to varying amount of stresses as compared to patient having natural teeth. This can leads to different type of oral mucosal lesions like denture stomatitis, epulis fissuratum, angular cheilitis, traumatic ulcers, inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) etc. IPH is a type of chronic inflammatory proliferative lesion characterized by numerous small, wart like edematous red papillary growth most commonly seen in deepest part of the palate. Review of literature suggest denture associated widely distributed etiology for IPH like over accentuation of palatal relief and vacuum chamber in upper denture, old ill fitting dentures, poor denture hygiene, continuous denture wearing habit, faulty occlusion, skidding of instable denture etc. Treatment for IPH varies with the severity of the condition and may range from conservative to surgical depending on clinical presentation. Conservative approach include discontinuing use of ill fitting denture, correction of faulty prostheses, improving the oral and denture hygiene and antifungal drugs. However, the surgical approach is used when the lesion is more aggressive and this include supraperiosteal excision, resesctive surgery, cryotherapy, and electrosurgery, blade-loop surgery, fulguration, and mucoabrasion or laser surgery. As a method of prevention patient should be advised to avoid continuous day and night wearing of denture. Additionally, avoid providing excessive relief in the palatal region, as these areas become site for bacterial and fungal colonization. Patients should be well motivated for proper care and maintenance of denture hygiene and also for the importance of periodic dental visits and follow-ups.
Quantum-Chemical Modeling of the Efficiency of Using Polymers in Interface Structures
Authors: Kalimullina Luiza , Lachinov Alexey , Baybulova Galiya , Yusupov Azat , Mukhammadamin Kian
Published: September 2020

In this work, a quantum-chemical analysis of the effectiveness of the use of polyarylenephthalides in interface structures is carried out. Quantum chemical calculations are performed for molecular systems, which are model polymer systems of the polyarylene class — polyarylenephthalides. In total, 9 representatives of this class of compounds are considered. Quantum chemical calculations are performed for all molecules using the density functional theory method B3LYP/6-31 +G(d) and such energy parameters as the total energies of the molecules and their negative and positive ions in molecular and optimized ionic geometries; energies of occupied and vacant molecular orbitals; the values of vertical and adiabatic electron affinity and ionization potential, as well as the dipole moment are theoretically estimated.

In this paper, the authors propose an algorithm for processing the results of quantum-chemical calculations based on the analysis of the energy characteristics of the polymer monomer unit, which makes it possible to reveal a certain relationship between the chemical structure of the organic compound and the electronic properties of the metal/polymer interface. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to identify areas of maximum deviation of energy parameters and specific compounds that are of interest for the formation of heterostructures. The correlation of the results obtained using the methods of quantum chemical modeling with the experimental results on the determination of potential barriers at the metal/polymer interface and conductivity along the polymer/polymer interface is shown.
Combining Theory and Experiment for Understanding of Ultrafast Photoinduced Charge-Transfer Processes
Authors: Vauthey Eric
Published: September 2020

This article gives a brief overview of the longstanding collaboration between our experimental spectroscopy group in Geneva and the theoretical group lead by Prof. A.I. Ivanov in Volgograd. This fruitful collaboration resulted in a significant increase of our understanding of the dynamics of several ultrafast chargetransfer processes in the condensed phase.
COVID-19 in Singapore: Graduate Medical Education in The Face of a Global Pandemic
Authors: Yong Xiaoqi , Chew Chia Wee , Chin Chee Yang , Ong Caroline Yu Ming , Tan Hak Koon , Lee Jill Cheng Sim
Published: September 2020

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spreads outside China rapidly and became a global pandemic. Recognising its severity and with experiences from the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) outbreak in 2003, the Singapore government promptly and decisively implemented measures to contain the disease. Many of them have direct effects on our healthcare workers (HCW), and our graduate medical education, which is modelled after the US residency training system, has invariably been impacted to a large degree. Strategies aimed at minimising unnecessary contact between HCW, and directives to step up on human resources as healthcare institutions prepare to cope with a disease outbreak called for modifications to residents' training routine. Residents are affected by curtailment of leave and reallocation of manpower to meet the demands at various frontlines and have to cope with significant physical and emotional stress from anxiety and even pessimism as the situation unfolds with unpredictability. Nevertheless, the pandemic also presents a rare opportunity for residents to learn about healthcare in an international and interdisciplinary context, and develop qualities like resilience, adaptability and solidarity in the face of a medical crisis.
Imagining a 'New Normal' Free from Judgement and Blame: creating sustainable partnerships with students and parents
Authors: Byrd Jo
Published: September 2020

This article is a reflective piece. It asks questions to support discussions in staffrooms and team meetings about what a 'new normal' could look like in schools. The author advocates a better partnership between teachers, students and parents in which they adopt a more equitable relationship
built on mutual respect and trust – a partnership where they really examine what 'good' learning looks like. The author would like readers to consider the harm done by current derisive discourses around 'lazy teachers' and 'incompetent parents'. The widespread and overwhelmingly negative
attitude to children being at home for this extended period and the assumptions about the 'damage' it has done to children and young people are not conducive to building positive, healthy partnerships. The author writes as an educator and as a parent, drawing on her experiences of school closure
during the current pandemic.
Groundwater Pollution Connected to Multiple Effect: A Case Study Kaman (Kırşehir, Turkey)
Authors: EKEMEN KESKİN Tülay , SUBAŞI Bahadır , GİRİŞEN Feyza , BAŞIBÜYÜK Zeynel
Published: September 2020

This study aim to detect the groundwater pollution connected to multiple effect such as the interaction of mineral/ore-water, mining destruction and agricultural activities in Kaman (Kırçehir). The study area has recently abondoned iron, antimony, gold and floride mine areas and so, there are a lot of mine piles. Mine waste is a rich source of hazardous trace elements to the environment. In many areas expecially abandoned sulphidic mine wastes may cause to produce acid mine drainage. Although no acid mine drainage is observed in the study area, the region needs to be reworked for this purpose in the following years. The electrical conductivity, pH and Eh values of the waters range between 126-1994 μS/cm; 7.28-8.58; 222-649 mV respectively. In the rainy season, the pH values of the waters decreased due to the effect of slight acidic precipitation and in parallel with this decrease, EC, TDS, Ca, Na, SO4, HCO3, As, Sb, U concentrations of some waters increase due to the increase of solubility of elements. As, Sb, F, U, NO3, NH4 concentrations some of water exceed the maximum limit values given in the Turkish and World Health Organization Standards. Especially As contamination is a big problem for the region, because of tens of times exceed drinking water regulations.
Clustering Entrepreneurial and Innovative Universities in Turkey According to Their Relevance to Industry 4.0
Authors: DERELİ Türkay , VAR Özge , DURMUŞOĞLU Alptekin
Published: September 2020

Industry 4.0 differentiates production and business models through connecting embedded system, production technologies, and smart production processes. Preparing the young generation to this change is a challenge for higher education. In this study, the adaptation of the entrepreneurial and innovative universities in Turkey to Industry 4.0 is linked with their relevance level to Industry 4.0. To represent the relevance level of universities, a cluster analysis is put forward. Three criteria, named as the number of academic publications related to Industry 4.0, the number of physical structures that facilitate the adaptation to Industry 4.0, and the number of events organized by the universities within the Industry 4.0 concept, were selected for the clustering analysis. To access the number of academic publications of universities, ISI Web of Science database was used. “Industry 4.0” and its components were used as keywords. Both the websites of the each university and Google search were used to access the values of remaining two criteria. The obtained data were used for K-means clustering analysis. The optimal number of cluster was determined as five with the elbow method. It is thought that the results of the study could be used as an indicator for universities to determine their Industry 4.0 road maps.
Neuro Sliding Mode Control for Exoskeletons with 7 DoF
Authors: GUZEY Haci Mehmet
Published: September 2020

In this work, a novel neuro-sliding mode controller (NSMC) is developed for a 7 degree of freedom (DoF) upper limb exoskeleton. Even though the regular sliding mode controller (SMC) is very sufficient tool when the unknown dynamics of the system is time invariant, variation in the unknown dynamics cannot be handled by regular SMC. Therefore, two-layer neural network (NN) is used to approximate the exoskeleton dynamics in the structure of the SMC. Stability of the NSMC is developed by using Lyapunov stability criteria. To validate our theoretical claims and to compare NSMC with regular SMC, simulation results are provided at the end of the paper. In the simulation section, advantage of the NSMC over regular SMC is presented in the presence of time-varying unknown exoskeleton dynamics.
Structural Design and Stress Analysis of a Helical Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: ÖĞÜÇLÜ Özer
Published: September 2020

In this study, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is designed to investigate the structural analysis of a helical Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) blade which is using National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 0018 airfoil and numerical calculations are conducted by using Comsol Multiphysics. The main objective of this study is to determine that the strength of the turbine blade against bending caused by increased wind speeds is sufficient for the selected turbine blade material. This paper presents also an investigation of the effects of different wind speeds on the structure of a helical VAWT blade that is fixed to the support arm which is attached to the VAWT’s main shaft. In this study, a turbine blade which is placed in an air flow field is subjected to approaching strong wind with different velocities. The model solves for the flow around the blade and the structural displacement due to the fluid load. This investigation consists of two main parts: Solving for the fluid flow around the turbine blade with a free stream velocities of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 m/s, and Studying the deformation of the turbine blade caused by the fluid load. The risk of failure according to the von Mises criterion for the ductile materials such as aluminum is also investigated.
Adıyaman Akdağ (Tut-Erkenek) Bölgesinden Toplanan Achillea Clusiana ve Centranthus Longiflorus Türlerinin Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktiviteleri
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Mustafa , ÖZTÜRK Şahlan
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada Achillea Clusiana Tausch ve Centranthus longiflorus Steven türlerinin antioksidan ve anti bakteriyel açıdan etkileri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada DPPH serbest radikali yakalama testi, metal iyonları şelatlama aktivitesi, total fenolik içerik tayini, β-karoten ve likopen miktar analizleri ve anti bakteriyel etki çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Anti bakteriyel etki çalışmasında kullanılan test patojenleri ticari antibiyotik diskler kullanılarak; antibiyotiklerin patojenler üzerindeki etkileri de incelenmiştir. Tüm bu çalışmalar neticesinde Achillea clusiana Tausch türü yüksek antioksidan etki ve yüksek anti bakteriyel etki göstermiştir.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DEMOKRATİK TUTUM VE TOLERANS DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AYDOĞMUŞ Burak , KİRAZ Zafer
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinin demokratik tutum ve tolerans düzeylerini belirlemek amacını taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle öncelikle alanyazın incelemesi yapılarak araştırmanın kavramsal ve teorik çerçevesi oluşturulmuştur. Kavramsal ve teorik çerçeveye dayanarak yapılan alan araştırması ile üniversite öğrencilerinin demokratik tutum ve toleransa ne ölçüde sahip oldukları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Alan araştırması bölümünde, 2016 - 2017 yılında Orta Karadeniz’de bir ilde, farklı fakülte ve bölümlerde öğrenim gören 694 öğrenci üzerinde ölçek uygulaması yapılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak, Gözütok (1995) tarafından uyarlanan “Demokratik Tutum Ölçeği” ve Ersanlı (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “Tolerans Ölçeği” ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Ölçek yoluyla elde edilen veriler, SPSS kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve tablolaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyetlerine, oturulan evin durumuna, öğrenim gördükleri fakülte ve sınıf düzeyine, aylık gelirine ve yaşamlarını geçirdikleri yere göre demokratik tutumları ve tolerans düzeyleri ile ilgili farklılık olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına baktığımızda cinsiyet olarak kadınlarda, fakülte olarak Eğitim Fakültesi’nde, sınıf düzeyine göre üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıflarda demokratik tutumların daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Tolerans düzeylerine baktığımızda ise cinsiyet olarak erkeklerin, fakülte olarak İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi’nin, sınıf düzeyine göre de dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın dayanağını oluşturan, üniversite öğrencilerinin demokratik tutum ve tolerans düzeylerinin eğitim, temel bilim alanları, cinsiyet, aile, yerleşim yeri gibi pek çok ekonomik, toplumsal değişkenin etkisine bağlı olarak değiştiği ve hiçbir değişkenin tek başına etkili olmadığı varsayımı araştırma bulgularına göre doğrulanmıştır.
Early Warning Signals Based on Momentary Affect Dynamics can Expose Nearby Transitions in Depression: A Confirmatory Single-Subject Time-Series Study
Authors: Wichers Marieke , Smit Arnout C. , Snippe Evelien
Published: September 2020

Background: In complex systems early warning signals such as rising autocorrelation, variance and network connectivity are hypothesized to anticipate relevant shifts in a system. For direct evidence hereof in depression, designs are needed in which early warning signals and symptom transitions are prospectively assessed within an individual. Therefore, this study aimed to detect personalized early warning signals preceding the occurrence of a major symptom transition. Methods: Six single- subject time-series studies were conducted, collecting frequent observations of momentary affective states during a time-period when participants were at increased risk of a symptom transition. Momentary affect states were reported three times a day over three to six months (95-183 days). Depressive symptoms were measured weekly using the Symptom CheckList-90. Presence of sudden symptom transitions was assessed using change point analysis. Early warning signals were analysed using moving window techniques. Results: As change point analysis revealed a significant and sudden symptom transition in one participant in the studied period, early warning signals were examined in this person. Autocorrelation (r=0·51; p<2.2e-16), and variance (r=0·53; p<2.2e-16) in ‘feeling down’, and network connectivity (r=0·42; p<2.2e-16) significantly increased a month before this transition occurred. These early warnings also preceded the rise in absolute levels of ‘feeling down’ and the participant’s personal indication of risk for transition. Conclusions: This study replicated the findings of a previous study and confirmed the presence of rising early warning signals a month before the symptom transition occurred. Results show the potential of early warning signals to improve personalized risk assessment in the field of psychiatry.
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Dijital Okuryazarlık
Authors: KARDEŞ Servet
Published: September 2020

Dijital okuryazarlık 21. yy becerileri arasında yer alan, bireylerin doğru bilgiye kolay, hızlı ve etkili bir şekilde ulaşması için gerekli olan çağın en önemli becerilerinden biridir. Bu araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin dijital okuryazarlık ile ilgili görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırma doğu Anadolu bölgesinde bulunan bir ilde kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 20 öğretmenle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanan verilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak okul öncesi öğretmenleri, dijital okuryazarlığın faydalı olduğu, çocuğun gelişimine katkıda bulunduğu, dijital okuryazarlık eğitimlerinin verilmesi gerektiğini ifade etmiştir. Dijital materyallerin okul öncesi eğitimde olmaması gerektiğini ifade eden öğretmenler de olmuştur. Güvenli dijital alet kullanımı için çocuklara sosyal çevre oluşturulması gerektiği, içerik denetimlerinin arttırılması, çocukla oyun oynama ve çocukla kitap okuma gerektiği ifade edilmiştir. Öneri olarak dijital çağda bilginin daha güvenilir, kolay ve hızlı elde edilmesi için çocuklara, öğretmenlere ve ailelere dijital okuryazarlık eğitimi verilmesi önerilebilir.
Ergenlerde Beden İmajı Algısının Kimlik Gelişimi Sürecine Etkisi
Authors: TALU Ertuğrul
Published: September 2020

Beden imajı bireyin kendi bedeni hakkında sahip olduğu duygu ve düşüncelere bağlı değerlendirmeler olarak tanımlanır. Özellikle ergenlerde beden algılarıyla ilgili bu değerlendirme biçimleri aynı zamanda onların kimlik gelişimi sürecinde de etkin rol oynayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ergenlerde beden imajı algısının kimlik gelişiminin bir göstergesi olan kimlik statülerine olan etkisini cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi bağlamında ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeline dayalı betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu bir devlet lisesinde öğrenim gören 419 ergen oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak ‘’Kişisel Bilgi Formu ‘‘Vücut Algısı Ölçeği’’ ve ‘‘Ego Kimlik Statüleri Ölçeği’’ Kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre ergenlerde beden imajı algısının cinsiyete göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı görülmüştür. Cinsiyetin kimlik gelişimi sürecine olan etkisine ilişkin sonuçlara göre ise kimlik statülerinden olan askıda (moratoryum) ve dağınık kimlik statüsünde yer almanın cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı, başarılı ve ipotekli kimlik statüsünde bulunmanın ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sınıf düzeyinin beden imajı üzerindeki etkisine ilişkin elde edilen sonuçlara göre de ergenlerde beden imajı algısının sınıf düzeyine göre az da olsa anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir.
Inicios da galeguización do ensino (1963-1977)
Authors: Villanueva Gesteira María Dolores
Published: September 2020

Este artigo pretende ofrecer unha panorámica dos movementos que os axentes civís e as institucións galegas levaron a cabo para conseguir que se implantara o galego no ensino. Entre 1963 e 1977 as asociacións culturais ofreceron cursos para adultos e introduciuse o galego na Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, pero resistíase a incursión do estudo da lingua no ensino obrigatorio e no bacharelato. A Real Academia Galega comeza as xestións, ó igual que a Euskaltzaindia e o Institut d'Estudis Catalans, co Ministerio de Educación e Ciencia. A Lei Xeral de Educación (1970) recolle a posibilidade de introducir as linguas diferentes do castelán no ensino, aínda que habería que agardar ó Decreto 1433/1975 para que se desenvolva máis este aspecto. Este feito supón un gran avance, aínda que non cumpría tódalas expectativas e as reivindicacións seguen nos anos seguintes.
Concepción Varela Orol (2012). Crebas e naufraxios. A Biblioteca do Colexio de Fonseca nos séculos XVIII e XIX
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: September 2020

Recensión do libro do ano 2012 do que é autora Concepción Varela Orol, Crebas e naufraxios. A Biblioteca do Colexio de Fonseca nos séculos XVIII e XIX.
From Charity to Welfare: Disability Movement, Institutional Change and Social Transformation in Post-Dictatorial Greece, 1974–81
Authors: Chalaza Vasiliki , Tsakas Christos , Kavoulakos Karolos Iosif
Published: September 2020

This article studies the role of the blind movement in the legislative achievements regarding the disabled people, and in the formation of blind identities and broader perceptions of disability in post-dictatorial Greece. By highlighting the institutional impact of the 1976 occupation of the Home of the Blind, this paper shows how a grassroots movement contributed to democratization, and it challenges the dichotomy between institutional and societal accounts of democratic transitions, thus touching upon themes, such as citizenship and empowerment. In doing so, this article seeks to explain the paradigm shift from charity to welfare with respect to disability as part of the broader dynamics of social transformation in Greece in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Políticas Linguísticas do Estado Novo e Biopoder: a Questão das Línguas de Imigrantes Italianos em Santa Catarina
Authors: Santos Renata
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma leitura das políticas linguísticas do Estado Novo, e seus mecanismos de controle, especialmente no que tange as línguas italianas faladas por imigrantes italianos e seus descendentes em Santa Catarina, a partir do conceito de biopolítica (FOUCAULT, 2005). Dentro do projeto de nacionalização promovido pelo Estado Novo, criou-se a imagem de um inimigo comum, o estrangeiro, e uma das políticas postas em ação era a interdição das línguas estrangeiras. O que este trabalho discute é como se dá a interferência do Estado não apenas por meio das leis, mas a partir de mecanismos de controle e vigilância que se espraiam por entre os indivíduos, seguindo a lógica do panóptico (FOUCAULT, 1987), a partir da qual o poder incide diretamente sobre os corpos produzindo corpos dóceis. No caso dos imigrantes italianos em Santa Catarina, essas políticas resultaram no apagamento de várias línguas italianas trazidas pelos imigrantes, além do desenvolvimento de uma conotação negativa para o termo “colono”, que perdura até os dias atuais e contribuiu para a construção de uma imagem negativa sobre os descendentes de imigrantes italianos.
Metodologia de Projeto e Desenvolvimento de um Simulador de Luz Flexível Baseado em Diodos Emissores de Luz
Authors: Martin Klaus Tesser , De Araújo Olinto César Bassi , Bonaldo Saul Azzolin , Da Silva Marcelo Freitas
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho apresenta a concepção e o desenvolvimento de um sistema de iluminação baseado em diodos emissores de luz (LEDs) capaz de reproduzir espectros da luz com precisão para aplicações que exigem um espectro da luz específico. A metodologia proposta utiliza Programação Matemática, através de um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista, para obter a combinação ótima de modelos de LEDs que resultam no espectro mais próximo possível da referência. Os LEDs de cada modelo selecionado pelo procedimento de otimização são acionados por um sistema eletrônico composto por conversores Buck com controle de corrente por histerese e controle de intensidade luminosa por Modulação por Largura de Pulso. O controle independente de cada modelo de LED permite a possibilidade de variar a intensidade e a distribuição espectral da luz, agregando flexibilidade ao sistema de iluminação. Como aplicação prática, um sistema é desenvolvido para reproduzir o espectro da luz solar para diferentes horários do dia. Os testes para validação da metodologia proposta demonstraram que é possível reproduzir determinados espectros com fidelidade, com um erro relativo médio de 12% entre o espectro projetado e o espectro referência, considerando os modelos de LED disponíveis.
The Compliance-Based Coffee Growers of Bondowoso on Regent Amin Said Husni in the Culture of Madurese Society
Authors: Izzah Latifatul , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri , Rochwulaningsih Yety , Salindri Dewi , Handayani Sri Ana , Januar Jani , Afiah Neneng
Published: September 2020

This study discussed the compliance of the coffee farmers particularly in Sumberwringin Bondowoso against the figure Amin Said Husni. The Regent concerns for the fate of the coffee farmers and public welfare in Bondowoso cannot be inseparable from the religious life of the Regent; implementing policies based on the principles of the Islamic religion. This study aimed to answer the question regarding the causes of the emergence of people’s compliance with coffee farmers to switch the Arabica coffee plant according to the instructions given by the Regent. This study applied the habitus concept developed by Pierre Bourdieu and sharpened using the historical method. The studied population was coffee farmers at district of Sumberwringin (Sukorejo, Rejoagung and Sumberwringin village). This study found that the compliance of the coffee farmers could attract people who originally planted Robusta switched to Arabica coffee as their Regent’s instruction. The compliance of coffee farming communities (majority of Madurese) was hierarchical obedience that became a necessity to be actualized in daily praxis as “normative” binding. The compliance of produce luck to economic conditions as well as improving the welfare of coffee farmers, because the selling price of Arabika is higher than the Robusta coffee.
A indicação geográfica de produtos: um estudo sobre sua contribuição econômica no desenvolvimento territorial
Authors: Maiorki Giovane José , Dallabrida Valdir Roque
Published: September 2020

O registro de produtos com Indicação Geográfica (IG) vem crescendo no Brasil. Estes são produzidos em regiões onde é possível identificar certos diferenciais, que estão relacionados com  local de produção,  solo, clima, forma de produção e colheita. Essa especificidade tende a contribuir com a agregação de valor a esses produtos, com impactos no desenvolvimento territorial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a contribuição econômica da Indicação Geográfica de produtos no desenvolvimento territorial. Nos procedimentos metodológicos, o presente trabalho se classifica como bibliográfico e estudo de caso, conduzido por meio do método científico hipotético-dedutivo. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas pesquisas documentais e entrevistas com associados e dirigentes das associações que detêm o ato declaratório do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, a Asprovinho, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e a Progoethe, localizada ao sul do estado de Santa Catarina, sendo que, em ambas, o produto é o vinho. Com os resultados obtidos na revisão da literatura e nas pesquisas de campo, foi possível identificar a importância da Indicação Geográfica como vetor do desenvolvimento de territórios e regiões, salientando que isso não ocorre de forma autônoma, mas sim com a contribuição da sociedade civil e dos setores da economia que fazem parte do objeto da Indicação Geográfica.