bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Challenges of the Historical Development of Islamic Banking System in Afghanistan Using Document Analysis
Authors: Khatera Naseri  , Ashurov Sharofiddin
Published: February 2025

The banking system of Afghanistan has experienced various conditions since the establishment of the first bank in 1933 and could not develop enough due to the civil war. This study investigates the historical development of the banking sector especially Islamic banking in Afghanistan. In addition to civil wars, Afghanistan's banking system has faced many challenges in terms of modernization, the low number of depositors and borrowers, regulations, and so on. It is found through qualitative research approach using documentary analysis that there was significant progress in modernizing the banking sector in Afghanistan with the help of international donors since 2001. Afghanistan has a dual banking sector and there is a full-fledged Islamic bank, the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan (IBA), and some banks with Islamic banking windows. However, according to findings the number of banks decreased compared to 2018 from 14 banks to 12 banks in 2020. The implication of this study is to provide information for the policymakers and Islamic banking institutions inAfghanistan to learn from these challenges and to improve the Islamic banking system in the country. Moreover, this study will fulfill the literature gap regarding the Islamic banking system in Afghanistan.
Book Review: An Introduction to Islamic Finance (Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani)
Authors: Reviewer: Mohyedine HAJJAR
Published: February 2025

The book An introduction to Islamic Finance by the renowned Pakistani scholar Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani is an indispensable reference in its field of scholarship. Even after twenty years, the book remains one of the gateways to Islamic finance despite the remarkable developments in industry and the predominant scholarly production.
Los inicios de la televisión en Orson Welles y la relación intertextual con su actividad radiofónica y periodística. Orson Welles´ Sketch Book (1955)
Authors: Giménez Sarmiento Álvaro
Published: February 2025

Introducción: En 1955, Orson Welles escribió y dirigió su primera serie televisiva, Orson Welles' Sketch Book. La serie de siete capítulos, seis filmados y uno en directo, muestra influencias de su trabajo en la radio y su actividad periodística. Metodología: La investigación utiliza una metodología mixta para rastrear las conexiones intertextuales entre Orson Welles' Sketch Book, sus artículos en el New York Post, la organización Free World y su programa de radio The Orson Welles Commentaries (1945-1946). Resultados: Se identifican diversas estrategias retórico-performativas que Welles había utilizado previamente en otros proyectos, donde él mismo asume gran parte de la carga epistemológica. Discusión: La serie es un compendio de recursos que Welles venía practicando en su carrera, especialmente aquellos en los que su figura y discurso personal son centrales en la construcción del mensaje. Conclusiones: Orson Welles' Sketch Book sintetiza las técnicas narrativas y performativas que Welles desarrolló a lo largo de su carrera, consolidando su estilo único en la televisión.
Comparison of Leptin and Tnf-Α Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and Without Obesity
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, ABBAS Abdulloh , SUROMO Lisyani B. ,   Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, HENDRIANINGTYAS Meita ,   Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, WIDYASTITI Nyoman Suci ,   Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, RETNONINGRUM Dwi ,   Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia, CAHYANTI Luluk ,   AKPER Krida Husada Kudus, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Background: Leptin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are the main adipokine products of adipose tissue, leptin is a hormone that controls appetite, while TNF-α acts as a proinflammatory cytokine that can cause Insulin resistance Leptin and TNF-α levels are influenced by body mass inde (BMI). Objective: To prove the differences in leptin and TNF-α levels between T2DM patients with and without obesity. Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 31 T2DM subjects with obesity and 29 DMT2 subjects without obesity. Leptin and TNF-α levels were measured using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Obesity status was determined based on BMI values where BMI ≥25 kg / m2 was the obesity group and BMI 25 kg / m2 group without obesity. The t-test was used as the comparative test. Results: The median leptin levels in the obese and non-obese T2DM groups were 31.8(7;74.6) ng/mL and 9.2(0.8;36.7) ng/mL. There was a difference in leptin levels between the two groups with p=0.001. The median TNF-α levels in the obese and non-obese DMT2 group were 6.6(2.2;21.2) pg/mL, and 4.4(1.6;15.8) pg/mL. There was a difference in TNF-α levels between the two groups with p=0.007. Conclusion: There are significant differences in leptin and TNF-α levels between T2DM patients with and without obesity, where leptin and TNF-α levels are higher in T2DM patients with obesity than T2DM patients without obesity.
Diagnostic Challenges and Multimodal Treatment in Primary Peritoneal Cancer: a Case Report
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, POTORAC Alina , ALEANDRESCU Sorin Tiberiu ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, GRIGORIE Tudor Razvan ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, ALIUS Catalin ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU Adrian ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, IORGA Polienia Georgeta ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, POPESCU Mihai ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, CIRSTOIU Monica Mihaela ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2025

Peritoneal cancer (PPC), a rare and aggressive malignancy, can develop from the peritoneal lining or as a secondary peritoneal cancer caused by metastases from neighbouring organs such as the ovaries, gastrointestinal tract, or breast. Early identification is still difficult due to its ambiguous signs, ranging from bloating, distension, and stomach pain. Due to their comparable histological and clinical characteristics, PPC and ovarian cancer are frequently misdiagnosed. Advanced imaging, histological investigation, and immunohistochemical markers are essential for accurate diagnosis. In order to control any remaining disease and enhance results, treatment usually encompasses an assortment of therapeutic approaches, such as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and cytoreductive surgical procedure (CRS). We present a 69-year-old woman who got diagnosed with PPC after first being suspected of having ovarian cancer. The current instance emphasizes how crucial a thorough diagnostic process is to differentiating PPC from related cancers.
Therapeutic and Reconstructive Management: Addressing Neglected Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors:   "Bagdasar-Arseni" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, BEJINARIU Catalin Gheorghe , ENACHESCU Vladimir Aurelian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, ZAHARIA Irina Mihaela ,   "Bagdasar-Arseni" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the therapeutic approach for a patient hospitalized for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma located in the left frontal region. The patient’s medical history was marked by multiple surgical interventions that resulted in tumor recurrence. The therapeutic protocol included the ecision of the tumor while respecting oncological safety margins, followed by reconstruction using a local frontal flap for the coverage of the remaining soft tissue defect. Histopathological eamination confirmed the radical ecision. Following the specific surgical therapy, the patient’s recovery went well. After the surgical intervention, the patient was able to continue the psychiatric treatment, for the treatment of the psychiatric pathology accentuated by the unfavorable clinical contet of the last 2 years.
Analyzing Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Trends Amidst the Rise of SGLT-2 Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Ahmed Ejaz , Aimen Sahar , Savera Saghir , Rafieikia Mohammad Hossein , Saleem Ahtasham
Published: February 2025

This overview investigates the increasing prevalence of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor-associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA) in type II diabetes patients. Due to its tendency to occur with normal or somewhat high blood sugar levels, EDKA poses unique obstacles to diagnosis and treatment. Based on an extensive review of recent literature, we examine clinical motifs, hazards, and remedy approaches. Our results emphasize how crucial it is to educate patients and actively monitor their ketone levels, particularly before and after operations or sickness. Our goal is to gain a greater awareness of the intricacies of EDKA in order to guide future investigations in this field and boost therapeutic results and evaluation.
SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION, DFT AND DOCKING STUDIES OF 4, 5- DIPHENYL-1-(2 (PYRROLIDIN-1- YL)-ETHYL-2 (P-TOLYL)-1H-IMIDAZOLE
Authors: S.M. Anuradha  , P. Ezhilmathi  , K. Anbarasu
Published: February 2025

A novel crystal compound of 4,5-Diphenyl-1-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)- ethyl-2(p-tolyl)-1H-imidazole (DPEI)inventive is experimentally calculated by FT-IR and FT-Raman. The compound affirmed sole crystal XRD investigation and upgraded bond parameters were computed hypothesis (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p)—the enhanced acquired by DFT calculations appreciable tolerance sole gem XRD information. The HOMO-LUMO exhibit conveys conjugation deep in the particle. Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) guides the most reactive site. The synthesized target molecule (DPEI) is a latent NLO material since it has 18 times higher µß0 value than the standard. The obtained glide score value (-5.987kcal/mol) indicated the survival of effective reciprocal action between the DPEI molecule and the 1X02 anticancer protein. The cytotoxicity effect of the DPEI molecule against HepG2 (liver cancer cell line) revealed that the target molecule is a better candidate for the anti-cancer activity.
ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND CYTOTOXICITY EVALUATION OF BIOSYNTHESISED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM Elaeagnus conferta
Authors: Rose C. Merlin , Sherine H. Benita
Published: February 2025

Nanotechnology and nanomedicine discoveries have undergone impressive modifications, pushing the techniques to a new level to get the best outcome in healthcare. Nanoparticles made by green methods are far superior to those synthesized by chemical as well as physical methods. The green technique avoids the utilization of exclusive chemicals, consumes less energy, and generates eco-friendly products. The goal of the present work is to explore ZnO NPs (zinc oxide nanoparticles) green synthesis through Elaeagnus conferta leaf extract (EC-ZnONPs). Characterization techniques including TEM (transmission electron microscopy), FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), and XRD (X-ray diffraction), have been utilized to explain the structural, morphological, as well as chemical properties of E.Conferta-mediated ZnONPs. These analyses confirm the effective synthesis of crystalline ZnONPs with controlled size distribution and surface functionalization. The prepared nanomaterials demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity against several gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacterium along with fungi, thus, showing potential antioxidant properties. Moreover, EC-ZnONPs showed notable mortality in MCF-7 breast cancer cells thus revealing EC-ZnONPs potential in cancer therapy. This paves the way for the synthesis of ECZnONPs for different biological and nutraceutical applications.
Апология драматического искусства в работе протоиерея Павла Светлова «Идея Царства Божия в ее значении для христианского миросозерцания»
Authors: Перекатов Андрей Валерьевич
Published: February 2025

Целью исследования является концептуальный анализ большого фрагмента 3-й главы указанной работы прот. Павла Светлова, посвящённого апологии театра. Чтобы восприятие текста было адекватно авторскому замыслу, во вводной части рассматриваются общие идейные установки работы. Поскольку фрагмент 3-й главы, посвящённый театру, имеет по преимуществу полемический характер, в статье рассматриваются и тезисы тех авторов, с которыми ведётся полемика. Осуществляется попытка объективно оценить степень убедительности аргументов обеих сторон и корректность используемых риторических приемов, выявить логические ошибки и пр. Статья содержит краткие справки о том культурно-историческом контексте, который мог повлиять на характер рассматриваемого текста. Часть статьи посвящена анализу источников (в первую очередь, письма́ Н. В. Гоголя графу А. П. Толстому о театре, вошедшего в «Выбранные места из переписки с друзьями»), которые прот. П. Светлов избрал в качестве базиса для своей апологии. В результате проведенного в статье исследования было очерчено то смысловое поле, в рамках которого в начале XX в. могла осуществляться внутрицерковная полемика о театре.

The aim of the research is a conceptual analysis of a fragment of the said work by archpriest Paul Svetlov dedicated to the apology for the theater. In order to make the perception of the text adequate to the author’s idea, the introductory part examines the gene­ral ideological principles of this father Paul’s research work. Since the fragment of the text devoted to the theater is primarily polemical in nature, the article also examines the theses of those authors with whom the controversy is being conducted. An attempt is made to objectively assess the degree of persuasiveness of the arguments of sides and the correctness of the rhetorical techniques used, logical errors are identified, etc. The article contains brief information about the cultural and historical context that could affect the nature of the text under consideration. Part of the article is devoted to the analysis of sources (first of all, N. V. Gogol’s letters to Count A. P. Tolstoy about the theater, included in the «Selected Places from Correspondence with Friends»), which archpriest P. Svetlov chose as the basis for his apology. As a result of the research, the semantic field was outlined, within which an internal church polemic about the theater could be underway at the beginning of the XX century.
Keberadaan Bakteri Salmonella sp Pada Telur Ayam Di Pasar Tradisional Kota Palembang Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Aryani Aryani , Marmaini Marmaini , Novianti Dewi
Published: February 2025

Eggs are a product of animal origin that is famous as a high source of protein compared to other protein source ingredients. Damage that can cause a decrease in egg quality is caused by microorganisms, one of which, bacteria that can contaminate eggs is Salmonella sp. This study aims to analyze the presence of Salmonella sp bacteria in chicken eggs sold in several traditional markets in Palembang City. This study used 6 samples of chicken eggs from 3 traditional markets with a simple random sampling method. The test results of all positive egg samples contained Salmonella sp. This shows that the quality of eggs sold at the Palembang Traditional Market does not meet the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard, which is negative/25 grams.
 
 
Keywords: Salmonella sp, chicken egg, traditional market.
Perbandingan Nilai CRP Metode Sandwich Immunometri Dan Metode Fia Pada Sampel Darah Vena Pasien Terindikasi Infeksi Di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Juraijin Denny , Rahmayani Sari
Published: February 2025

Checking blood levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is one of the tests that can detect inflammation at an early stage. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker that is synthesized in the liver. CRP levels increase due to trauma, bacterial infection and inflammation (inflammation and tissue damage). CRP plays an important role in the recognition of microbial organisms and as an immunomodulator in the body's defense system, CRP also plays a role in the recognition of necrotic tissue. Specimens that can be used for C-Reactive Protein examination are Serum, heparin plasma, and EDTA plasma C-Reactive Protein (CRP) examination consists of several methods, including the Latex method, automatic and others. The research design used posttest only design. This study was conducted in April 2023 at the Laboratory of RSU Bunda Palembang which amounted to 21 samples using venous blood samples Results: the results of CRP examination using the FIA method were 9.53 mg/L and CRP examination using the Sandwich Immunometry method was 9.43 mg/L. The results of the research data were analyzed using spss with the Dependent T test. There is no difference in CRP values between the Sandwich Immunometry method and the FIA method in venous blood samples of patients with indications of infection at Bunda Hospital Palembang in 2023.
Optimasi Pertumbuhan Bakteri Laut Penghasil Protease Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Media Skim Milk Modifikasi
Authors: Anita Anita , Natsir Hasnah , Ahmad Ahyar , Taba Paulina , Karim Harningsih
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the growth rate of marine bacteria producing protease using variations in the concentration of skim milk media and to observe the relationship between cell growth and enzyme activity. The study was conducted using three concentrations of skim milk media (1%, 2%, and 3%) and observation of growth and enzyme activity for 108 hours. The results showed that 1% skim milk concentration produced the largest proteolytic zone diameter (13.8 mm) with the fastest growth (1 day). Observations of cell growth patterns and enzyme activity showed that the highest enzyme activity (0.5933 U/mL) occurred in the early growth phase and decreased in subsequent phases even though cell growth increased. This indicates that there is no linear relationship between cell growth and enzyme activity in marine bacteria-producing protease, where enzyme production and activity are influenced by various complex factors such as physiological conditions of the cells and nutrient availability.
Theodor Adorno. To the Question: «What is German?» (translation from German, abstract and comments by Vitalii Bryzhnik)
Authors: Bryzhnik Vitalii
Published: February 2025

The outstanding German social thinker Theodor Adorno, a talented university teacher and one of the founders of the critical theory of society (Frankfurt School), wrote his work «On the question: What is German?» as a speech that he read on May 9, 1965. on the German radio (Deutschlandfunk) in the series of radio programs of the same name. In the same year, the text of the speech was published as an article in the August issue of the West German magazine Liberal. As an undoubted authority in the field of social and theoretical research, and as one of ideological leaders of the institutional development of West Germany as a democratic and legal country, Adorno dedicated this speech to the date of the twentieth anniversary of the military defeat of the Nazi regime and the historic collapse of the Nazi political rule in Europe. Here, his long-standing principled criticism of sociocultural and ideological-theoretical factors was continued, primarily the so-called «philosophy of identity», which, according to the Frankfurt philosopher, due to their neutralizing influence on the independent and critical thinking of an individual, contributed to the rise of the Nazis to power in Germany, and hence are indirectly responsible for their countless military and political crimes. In this speech, Adorno, remaining under the influence of his published book «The Jargon of Authenticity; to the German Ideology» (1964), in which a radical critique of the philosophical works of the German existentialist thinkers Martin Heidegger and Karl Jaspers, as well as prominent representatives of the Vienna Circle devoted primarily to the philosophy of language, theoretically supplemented his critique of the sociocultural phenomenon of a national «authenticity» of an ordinary bourgeois. According to the Frankfurt thinker, the provincial essence of this culture directly caused the spiritual «numbness», despiritualization of the German society at that time, and thus indirectly enabled its powerful capture by Nazi ideology. Based on this criticism, the Frankfurt philosopher laid out the essence of his German identity in the text, although he was not ethnically an «authentic» German. According to Adorno, the foundation of his cultural identity was laid in his childhood, in his native home, where he was brought up as a bearer of a spiritually exalted German culture, with its classical music and philosophy, whose deeply emancipatory, anti-ideological essence is able to invariably generate a personal understanding of the individual’s causes human suffering and the practical implementation of means to overcome them.
МЕХАНІЗМ МОТИВАЦІЇ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ПРИ ФОРМУВАННІ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ХАРЧОВОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ ТА УБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ЙОГО ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ГАВЛОВСЬКА Наталя , ЛУТЮК Василь , РУДНІЧЕНКО Євгеній
Published: February 2025

The article examines the features of food industry enterprises and highlights their typical specializations by stages of the technological cycle. The main principles of investment policy development are presented. It is determined that when solving multifunctional tasks, one of the main characteristics of the personnel who implements these tasks is intellectual potential. The intellectual capital of an employee consists of knowledge, skills, professional training, abilities, professional experience, acquired productive abilities that are inseparable from the employee and, to the extent that the employee wishes, are manifested in the labor process. It is proven that in the process of forming an investment policy, some employees may behave taking into account personal interests, which creates additional threats to the economic security of the enterprise. They may use their intellectual capital in such a way that creates threats to the security of the enterprise by abusing their official position, exceeding their official competences, or committing openly criminal offenses of an economic nature. That is why an effective motivation mechanism can eliminate such threats. The mechanism of motivation of the enterprise personnel in the general sense is a form of joint use of separate motivation tools, which in a certain combination are used to increase the interest of the enterprise employees in the effective solution of a specific task. The paper develops a mechanism of motivation of the personnel to form an investment policy and secure the activities of the enterprise. It is proved that the action of the mechanism of motivation of the personnel is aimed at forming such operant behavior of its employees, which involves not just the fulfillment of their functional duties or job instructions, but actions assigned to the employee by internal corporate documents or a contract, which ensure the relatively safe functioning of security facilities and the effective use of investment resources.
Delayed application of direct current electric fields in experimental spinal cord injuries
Authors: Borgens Richard B. , Mourey M.E. , Metcalf  , Blight Andrew R.
Published: February 2025

The cutaneus trunci muscle (CTM) reflex of guinea pigs depends on an ascending afferent pathway within the ventrolateral funiculus of the thoracic spinal cord. The expression of this reflex is a phasic contraction of back skin in response to tactile stimulation, which is permanently eliminated by transection of the ventrolateral funiculus. It was shown previously that when a polarized (rostrally negative), weak (300–400 μV/mm) DC electric field is placed across a lateral hemisection of the spinal cord in adult guinea pigs at the time of injury, approximately 13% recover the reflex, while sham-treated animals remain unchanged. In this study, a similar approach was used, except that three months were allowed to pass between the time of hemisection and experimental treatment. No recovery of the CTM reflex was observed in 13 animals with rostrally negative fields, 8 of which were followed for at least 9 months, 5 for 3 months; or in 11 animals with caudally negative applied fields, 8 of which were followed for 9 months and 3 for 3 months.
CURVES AND SURFACES OF THE SECOND ORDER IN NATURE AND ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES
Authors: Bidnichenko Helen
Published: February 2025

This work is devoted to the analysis of curved lines and curvilinear surfaces of the second order and their practical use in architectural structures. The article analyzes the curves of the second order formed by conic sections: ellipse, parabola and hyperbola. Their mathematical equations are given; images are constructed in the Cartesian coordinate system. Examples of such forms in the natural environment are given. Curvilinear surfaces of the second order formed from these curves are analyzed, their mathematical description is given, and diagrams of visual images in the Cartesian coordinate system are created. The surfaces of the ellipsoid are shown, it is shown that their compartments can form various forms of buildings, depending on the architect's intention. Various types of paraboloids have been studied: elliptical, hyperbolic. The properties of objects created by paraboloids are consecrated. The features of hyperboloids are considered. Particular attention is paid to the single-sheeted hyperboloid, which is used in the construction of tall structures. The surface of a parabolic cylinder, the shape of which has gutters and parabolic arches, has been studied. The selection of architectural structures in which the studied surfaces are used is carried out. The images of fragments of structures, the elements of which are made in the form of curved lines and surfaces of the second order, are given.
What’s Load Got to Do with It?
Authors: Barton Elisabeth
Published: February 2025

Space exploration represents one of humanity’s most ambitious endeavors, pushing the boundaries of technology, science, and human endurance. Among the many physiological challenges posed by space travel, its effects on skeletal muscle are among the most significant. The microgravity environment alters normal forces acting on muscles, leading to adaptations with profound consequences for astronauts' health and performance and similar issues for space tourists. What follows is meant to capture the breadth of topics associated with the physiological effects of space travel on skeletal muscle and the underlying mechanisms, distinctions in the profile of professional and casual space travelers, and preparations needed for short- and long-term human space exploration.
Analyzing the Effect of Population Density on Household Energy Consumption: A Case Study of Indonesian Provinces
Authors:   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Sari Rifa Nita , Saputro Sahrul ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Harwila Elisabeth Beta ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Umaroh Rodhiah ,   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta
Published: February 2025

Indonesia's rapid population growth and urbanization have intensified concerns about the rising demand for energy, making it crucial to understand the relationship between population density and energy consumption for effective policymaking. This study utilizes the STIRPAT model with multiple estimation methods, including OLS, FE, RE, FGLS, and PCSE, to explore the relationship between household energy use and population density at the provincial level in Indonesia. The analysis is based on data from 2018 to 2022, focusing on household electricity and gas usage ratios as dependent variables. Independent variables include Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) Per Capita, total population, population density, and the percentage of value added by GDRP. The results indicate a positive relationship between population density and household electricity and gas consumption during the study period. These findings emphasize the need for targeted and efficient energy policies to address the growing energy demand associated with population density trends.
A NIS2 hazai bevezetésének folyamata és kockázatai
Authors: Kis Márton , Bódi Antal , Számadó Róza
Published: February 2025

A kibertérben zajló események, támadások száma, összetettsége az ezredfordulót követően jelentősen megnövekedett, és jelentős károkat okozott nemcsak a magánszektor, hanem a kormányzatok számára is. Ezen események egyértelművé tették, hogy szükség van átfogó kiberbiztonsági szabályozás létrehozására az EU-ban. Az unió 2016-ban elfogadta első uniós szintű kiberbiztonsági jogszabályát, a hálózat- és információbiztonsági (NIS) irányelvet, ami alapvető lépést jelentett az uniós szintű hálózati és információs rendszerek közös információbiztonsága felé. A végrehajtás során uniós és nemzeti szinten is több kihívással szembesültek az érintettek, továbbá a kiberfenyegetések gyors fejlődése, az új technológiák gyors terjedése miatt az irányelv – jellegéből következően – nehezen tudta lekövetni a folyamatos változásokat. A felmerülő kihívások, a folyamatosan változó digitális környezet kikényszerítette az uniós keretrendszer felülvizsgálatát. Ennek eredményeként született meg a NIS2. A frissített irányelv az uniós kiberbiztonság területén átfogó stratégiát képvisel, deklarált célja, hogy megerősítse a végrehajtási mechanizmusokat, a terület alapvető jogi pillére. Egyúttal jelentős mértékben kiterjesztette – elődje, a NIS – alanyi és tárgyi hatályát, annak érdekében, hogy a kritikus infrastruktúrák és szolgáltatások ellenálló képességét megerősítse. Jelen tanulmány célja annak vizsgálata, hogy az irányelv hatálya alá tartozó hazai vállalkozások és szervezetek megfeleléséhez a feltételek rendelkezésre állnak-e, illetve mi szükséges ahhoz, hogy az érintett szervezetek képesek legyenek megfelelni a NIS2 elvárásainak.
Az orosz–ukrán háború hatása a kritikus infrastruktúrákra – fókuszban az energiaszektor
Authors: Kiss Adrienn
Published: February 2025

Az orosz–ukrán háború során is megjelent a kibertér mint hadszíntér, ez pedig jelentősen hozzájárul a modern konfliktusok természetének folyamatos átalakulásához. A tanulmány célja az orosz–ukrán háború során végrehajtott kibertámadások empirikus elemzése, kitekintéssel az energiaszektorra. A kutatás a 2022-es és a 2023-as adatokat vizsgálja, feldolgozva az ismert kibertámadások időbeli trendjeit, földrajzi eloszlását és típusait. A tanulmány rámutat a kibervédelem felépítésének, fejlesztésének és fenntartásának, valamint a támadások elemzésének és a megfelelő tanulságok levonásának fontosságára. A kutatásban idősorelemzést, trendelemzést és hőtérképes megjelenítést alkalmaztam. Az eredmények rámutatnak arra, hogy mely szektor vált különösen kiemelt célponttá a kibertámadások során. Ezen felül bemutatja a kritikusinfrastruktúra-szektorok támadottságának mértékét a háború kapcsán, illetve a kibertámadások során alkalmazott technikákat.
The Effects of Storing Electric Scooters and Bicycles in Office Buildings on Fire Safety
Authors: Varró Tekla
Published: February 2025

In recent years, we have seen more and more electric vehicles on the streets, and the author looks at electric bicycles and electric scooters, which are considered as “personal transport”. With the increase in the number of office buildings, it has become topical to study the storage of these vehicles in office environments. The study covers the fire safety hazards of electric scooters and electric bicycles, the lithium-ion batteries that pose a risk and their safe storage for fire safety. This will be followed by a summary of the hazards and rules of storage in office buildings, with the aim of informing and alerting the general public to the storage rules to be observed and the rules of conduct to follow in the event of a fire. The author suggests extending the rules on storage and informing the owners of electric scooters and electric bicycles about the dangers of their vehicles.
Investigation of the Efficiency of Cumulative Cones Manufactured by Additive Processes from Various Materials
Authors: Ember István
Published: February 2025

There is currently little-known research on low-density cumulative cones, although they can be useful and cost-effective in a number of areas. 3D printing is providing a foundation and cohesion in this area of blasting technology that has been difficult to achieve in the past. Taking advantage of this, I have carried out prototype testing in my study, in total I have been able to create nine cumulative charges using additive manufacturing and test their effectiveness. To get a broader picture, I used several types of 3D printers and several materials for the analytical testing of the three charge types developed. The tests gave me conclusive results on the applicability of the technology and the performance of the different polymers.
Calculations of a Blowback System
Authors: Vozsech István
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the description of the breech movement of free mass-locked weapons. The effects of the individual model elements and the limitations of the simplified computational procedures are presented using the simplest and the more complex concentrated parameter model. The computational results are compared with measurements on real weapons to determine the validity of the model. The applicability of the results of the model calculations to design problems will be evaluated.
Dezinformáció az Ipar 4.0 kontextusában
Authors: Bányász Péter
Published: February 2025

Az Ipar 4.0 technológiái, különösen az 5G-hálózatok, jelentős előrelépést jelentenek az ipari automatizáció és az okoseszközök integrációja terén. Azonban az új technológiák bevezetését gyakran kísérik álhírek, intenzív dezinformációs kampányok, amelyek aláássák a közvélemény bizalmát, és félelmet keltenek a felhasználók körében, ami kihat a technológia társadalmi elfogadására. Jelen tanulmány célja az 5G-vel kapcsolatos álhírek elemzése, különös tekintettel azok tartalmára és az Ipar 4.0 technológiáival való kapcsolatukra. E tanulmányban a szerző a Snopes.com tényellenőrző oldalon található, 5G kulcsszóval ellátott cikkeket elemezte különböző statisztikai módszertanok segítségével. A tanulmány rámutat arra, hogy az 5G-technológiával kapcsolatos álhírek jelentős hatással lehetnek az Ipar 4.0 technológiák elfogadására és bevezetésére. Az álhírek terjedésének megakadályozása és a közvélemény hiteles tájékoztatása kulcsfontosságú az új technológiák sikeres integrációja érdekében. Az eredmények alapján javaslatokat fogalmazunk meg az álhírek elleni küzdelemre és az Ipar 4.0 technológiáival kapcsolatos dezinformációk kezelésére.
A mesterségesintelligencia-rendszerek megfelelősége
Authors: Bederna Zsolt
Published: February 2025

A különféle mesterségesintelligencia- (MI) alapú megoldások terjedése következtében elengedhetetlenné vált az MI-rendszerek által jelentett kockázatok megértése és menedzselése. A tanulmány szisztematikusan vizsgálja az MI által képviselt kockázati profilokat, hangsúlyozva a személyre szabott kockázatkezelési stratégiák és etikai megközelítések jelentőségét. Az elemzés feltárja a magas kockázatú MI-rendszerek kihívásainak jellegét, amelyek szigorú szabályozási megfelelést tesznek szükségessé a lehetséges káros következmények megakadályozása, illetve mérséklése érdekében, míg a jogalkotó ösztönzi a vonatkozó kötelezettségek teljesítését az alacsonyabb kockázatú MI-rendszerek esetén az átláthatóság és az elszámoltathatóság vonatkozásában. Jelen tanulmány részletes áttekintést nyújt az MI kockázati tényezőiről, amelyek befolyásolják az adatok integritását, a modellek pontosságát, a folyamatok és eredmények megbízhatóságát, valamint a felhasználói interakciót.
Dezinformáció az Ipar 4.0 rendszerek elleni támadásokban
Authors: Ináncsi Mátyás Ottó , Dub Máté
Published: February 2025

A két kutatás célja az volt, hogy bemutassa a dezinformáció szerepét az Ipar 4.0 rendszerek elleni támadásokban, különös tekintettel a klímaváltozás és az elektromos autók témaköre körüli szélsőséges közösségimédia-platformokon megjelenő szentimentekre. A kutatás során részletesen bemutattuk a misinformation, malinformation és dezinformation fogalmainak különbségeit, hogy jobban megértsük ezen jelenségek mechanizmusait és következményeit. Az European Digital Media Observatory által feltárt dezinformációkat elemeztük, amelyek a közösségi médiában terjedtek, különösen a klímaváltozás és az elektromos autók témájában. Vizsgálataink során szélsőséges közösségimédia-platformokat, mint a 4chan, Truth Social és Telegram, vettünk górcső alá, hogy feltérképezzük a dezinformációs tartalmak elérését és azok hatását a közösségre. Különös figyelmet fordítottunk a kommentek szentimentjének elemzésére, hogy megértsük a felhasználói reakciók érzelmi töltetét és polarizációját. Kutatásunk rávilágít arra, hogy a dezinformáció milyen mértékben befolyásolja az Ipar 4.0 rendszerek biztonságát és a társadalmi percepciót a klímaváltozás és az elektromos autók vonatkozásában, valamint javaslatokat fogalmaz meg a dezinformáció elleni hatékonyabb küzdelem érdekében.
ВІКОВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИНДРОМУ ЦИТОЛІЗУ ЗА УМОВ КРАНІОСКЕЛЕТНОЇ ТРАВМИ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ КЛІТИННОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ
Authors: Сушко Ю. І.
Published: February 2025

Мета роботи – з’ясувати вікові особливості формування синдрому цитолізу за умов краніоскелетної травми (КСТ) та оцінити ефективність клітинної терапії в корекції виявлених порушень. Матеріал. У статевонезрілих, статевозрілих і старих в умовах тіопенталнатрієвого наркозу моделювали краніоскелетну травму (КСТ). З метою корекції у групах травмованих щурів різного віку застосовували кріоконсервовані клітини нейробластів (NBC) від щурів лінії Вістар, які вводили внутрішньовенно в дозі 0,5 мл‧106 клітин. Додатково в окремих групах внутрішньоочеревинно вводили мезенхімальні стовбурові клітини (MSC) щурів в дозі 0,25 мл •5•105 клітин на щура. Щурів виводили з експерименту в умовах наркозу через 14 діб посттравматичного періоду. У сироватці крові визначали аланін- і аспартатамінотрансферазну активність (АлАТ-, АсАТ-активність). Результати. Встановлено, що за умов КСТ у сироватці крові щурів різних вікових груп через 14 діб посттравматичного періоду порівняно з контролем суттєво зростала АлАТ- і АсАТ-активність. Застосування з корегувальною метою клітинної терапії у дослідних групах щурів різної статі порівняно зі щурами без корекції викликала зниження активності маркерів цитолізу в крові. Під впливом монотерапії NBC АлАТ-активність сироватки крові статистично вірогідно знижувалася лише в щурів молодшої вікової групи, водночас АсАТ-активність сироватки крові суттєво знижувалася у щурів усіх вікових груп. Комбіноване введення NBC+MSC щурам усіх вікових груп супроводжувалося істотним зниженням активності в сироватці крові амінотрансфераз. Порівняно з монотерапією NBC застосування NBC+MSC викликало статистично значуще зниження АлАТ- активності сироватки крові у статевозрілих і старих щурів, а за АсАТ-активністю сироватки крові – лише у статевозрілих щурів. Водночас ступінь зниження і АлАТ-, і АсАТ-активності сироватки крові був істотно більший у статевозрілих щурів порівняно зі щурами інших вікових груп. Висновки. Встановлена вікова ефективність клітинної терапії у зниженні системних проявів цитолітичного синдрому за умов КСТ вказує потребу в диференційованому підході її застосування в комплексному лікуванні системних проявів травматичної хвороби.
MODERN FEATURES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications, Tеreshko Yuliia , Nahorna Olena ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2025

International trade is one of the key components of the global economy, facilitating the connection between countries and contributing to their economic growth. In today's rapidly changing world, fueled by technological advancements, digitalization has emerged as a significant catalyst for transformations in international trade. These transformations are changing how business is conducted and shaping a new architecture of economic relations between countries. It involves the simplified exchange of goods, services, capital, technologies, and other resources, overcoming the barriers created by national borders. As the digitalization of the global economy continues to accelerate and the transformations above become increasingly evident, studying the key trends in the development of international trade is highly timely and relevant. The outlined article aims to review the current features of the development of international trade in the context of digitalization.
6th IAAP European Conference of Analytical Psychology, Siracusa, 30 agosto-1 settembre 2024
Authors: Candellieri Stefano , Favero Davide
Published: February 2025

La presente relazione descrive, dal punto di vista degli autori, la sesta edizione della IAAP European Conference of Analytical Psychology, congresso internazionale tenutosi a Siracusa dal 30 agosto al 1 settembre 2024, dal titolo Analytical Psychology When Time is Out of Joint. Il congresso è stato preceduto quest'anno da un'importante novità, cioè dalla prima IAAP European Conference on Childhood and Adolescence Psychology, evento di grande importanza per la focalizzazione dello sguardo della comunità junghiana sul mondo delle giovani generazioni. La contiguità temporale dei due eventi ha prodotto un positivo contagio psichico e culturale, e anche il Congresso Europeo si è così trovato ad accogliere tematiche e interrogativi sui giovani e sul futuro, tanto più stringenti nel mondo complesso e in rapida trasformazione nel quale ci troviamo a vivere.
Конспект лекцій з дисципліни «Мультимедійні системи» для здобувачів вищої освіти «Інформаційні технології»
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Задерейко Олександр Владиславович , Оріхівська О. Г.
Published: February 2025

Розглянуто основні технологічні і практичні аспекти використання мультимедійних технологій. Містить теоретичний матеріал, який може бути використано для виконання лабораторних та самостійних занять, які виконуються у комп’ютерному класі в межах навчальної дисципліни. Призначено для студентів з метою закріплення теоретичного матеріалу і підготовки до лабораторних та самостійних занять з дисципліни «Мультимедійні системи»
Plant community borealization in the Arctic is driven by boreal-tundra boundary species
Authors: García Criado Mariana , Barrio Isabel , Speed James , Myers-Smith Isla , Bjorkman Anne , Aerts Rien , Alatalo Juha , Betway-May Katlyn , Björk Robert , Björkman Mats , Blok Daan , Cooper Elisabeth , Cornelissen J. Hans , Elmendorf Sarah , Gould William , Gya Ragnhild , Henry Greg , Hermanutz Luise , Hollister Robert , Jägerbrand Annika , Jónsdóttir Ingibjörg Svala , Kaarlejärvi Elina , Khitun Olga , Lang Simone , Macek Petr , May Jeremy , Michelsen Anders , Normand Signe , Olsen Siri , Post Eric , Rinnan Riikka , Schmidt Niels , Sjögersten Sofie , Tolvanen Anne , Töpper Joachim , Trant Andrew , Vandvik Vigdis , Vowles Tage
Published: February 2025

Following rapid climate change across the Arctic, tundra plant communities are experiencing extensive compositional shifts. One of the most prevalent changes is the encroachment of boreal species into the tundra (‘borealization’). Borealization has been reported at individual sites, but has not been systematically quantified across the tundra biome. Here, we use a dataset of 1,137 plots at 113 subsites across 32 study areas resurveyed at least once between 1981 and 2023 and encompassing 287 vascular plant species. We i) quantified the borealization of tundra ecosystems as the colonisation and the increase in abundance of boreal specialist and boreal-tundra boundary species, ii) assessed biogeographical, climatic and local drivers of borealization, and iii) identified species contributing most to borealization and their associated traits. Around half of the plots experienced borealization, especially at sites closer to the treeline, at higher elevations (mountains), in warmer and wetter regions, and at sites that had undergone the lowest magnitude of climate change. Boreal species were more likely to expand in Eurasia, and at sites with lower initial abundances of boreal species. Boreal species that colonised more plots were generally short, and more likely to be shrubs and graminoids than forbs. Boreal specialist species colonised three times less frequently than boreal-tundra boundary species, yet abundance changes were similar across groups. These findings indicate that borealization is mainly driven by the spread of already established species in the tundra, and suggest that future changes to Arctic ecosystems might not involve rapid, widespread replacement of Arctic species by boreal species. These observed and future plant community composition changes could affect land-atmosphere interactions, trophic dynamics and local and Indigenous livelihoods.
The Music Theory of Harald Vallerius: Three Dissertations from 17th-century Sweden
Authors: Sjökvist Peter
Published: February 2025

This book presents a detailed examination of the music theoretical writings of Harald Vallerius, a Swedish scholar and composer active during the 17th century. This volume includes three key dissertations connected to Vallerius that explore topics in music theory, harmony, and the pedagogical approaches to music in early modern Sweden. Vallerius’s work, situated within the broader context of European Renaissance and Baroque musical thought, offers a distinctive blend of classical influences, among others from the works of Johannes Tinctoris and Gioseffo Zarlino, as well as innovative ideas reflective of his own scholarly inquiries. The book analyzes Vallerius’s contributions to understanding counterpoint, modal theory, and theobvious relationship between music and mathematics in the 17th century. Additionally, it situates Vallerius’s theories within the cultural and intellectual currents of Sweden’s late Renaissance and early Baroque periods.
Esofagitis disecante superficial. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Hernández Reyes Roberto David , Franco Santoyo José de Jesús , Velázquez De la Vega Rodrigo , Vázquez Herrera Juan Pablo , Langarica Zárate Alan Mijail
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Es una condición esofágica rara, benigna e idiopática, caracterizada por la exfoliación superficial de la mucosa del esófago, asociada con ciertas enfermedades cutáneas, medicamentos, agentes lesivos o trasplante de células madre. Objetivo: Describir la enfermedad con la bibliografía existente y reportar un caso de esofagitis disecante superficial diagnosticado por endoscopía. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 47 años, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial sistémica, diabetes mellitus tipo 2, tabaquismo y consumidor crónico de ácido acetilsalicílico; ingresa a Urgencias de hospital público por cuadro de sangrado gastrointestinal alto, con inestabilidad hemodinámica y anemia secundaria. Posterior a su estabilización es referido a realizarse endoscopía gastrointestinal alta, reportando mucosa esofágica descamativa en tercio distal, hernia hiatal y gastropatía edematosa. El reporte de las biopsias mencionó escamas con abundantes polimorfonucleares. Resultados: La esofagitis disecante superficial tiene una incidencia de 0.03%, de etiología generalmente idiopática, sin tratamiento bien establecido, sólo medidas generales y que suele resolver sin dejar secuelas. Conclusiones: Al ser una enfermedad rara, con sintomatología inespecífica, es difícil su diagnóstico clínico, por lo que el uso de la endoscopía y las biopsias ayudan a diagnosticarla y confirmarla.
 
Recepción: 17/12/2024
Aprobación: 15/01/2025