bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Multiple School Subjects Role Conflict: A Theoretically Informed Conceptual Framework
Authors: Iannucci Cassandra , Richards Kevin Andrew
Published: March 2022

Emerging research suggests that the stress and complexities of the teaching profession contribute to early exits from the field. Stressors may be increased when individuals are tasked with teaching physical education and another school subject(s) concurrently. More specifically, role conflict in teaching multiple school subjects consists of three subdomains: status conflict, schedule conflict, and energy expenditure. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretically informed conceptual model of this type of conflict that better informs the professional lives and careers of teachers. The framework’s three interrelated elements are dynamic and contextually bound and influence the experience of multiple subjects role conflict. These three elements include experiences of role conflict, contextual and individual factors, and an outer limit of individuals’ capacity to manage stressors. Three vignettes are used to illustrate how teachers’ experiences of conflict interact with contextual and individual factors to increase or decrease their capacity for stress.
Crediting agricultural soil carbon sequestration
Authors: Oldfield Emily E. , Eagle Alison J. , Rubin Rachel L. , Rudek Joseph , Sanderman Jonathan , Gordon Doria R.
Published: March 2022

Regional consistency is necessary for carbon credit integrity
Tracking the sliding of grain boundaries at the atomic scale
Authors: Wang Lihua , Zhang Yin , Zeng Zhi , Zhou Hao , He Jian , Liu Pan , Chen Mingwei , Han Jian , Srolovitz David J. , Teng Jiao , Guo Yizhong , Yang Guo , Kong Deli , Ma En , Hu Yongli , Yin Baocai , Huang XiaoXu , Zhang Ze , Zhu Ting , Han Xiaodong
Published: March 2022

Grain boundaries (GBs) play an important role in the mechanical behavior of polycrystalline materials. Despite decades of investigation, the atomic-scale dynamic processes of GB deformation remain elusive, particularly for the GBs in polycrystals, which are commonly of the asymmetric and general type. We conducted an in situ atomic-resolution study to reveal how sliding-dominant deformation is accomplished at general tilt GBs in platinum bicrystals. We observed either direct atomic-scale sliding along the GB or sliding with atom transfer across the boundary plane. The latter sliding process was mediated by movements of disconnections that enabled the transport of GB atoms, leading to a previously unrecognized mode of coupled GB sliding and atomic plane transfer. These results enable an atomic-scale understanding of how general GBs slide in polycrystalline materials.
The rapid tempo of adaptation
Authors: Hoffmann Ary H. , Flatt Thomas
Published: March 2022

Selection in fruit flies leads to fast adaption to seasonal changes
Unifying repeating fast radio bursts
Authors: Caleb Manisha
Published: March 2022

Mysterious high-energy radio bursts are found to share certain characteristics
Copper-induced cell death
Authors: Kahlson Martha A. , Dixon Scott J.
Published: March 2022

Excess copper causes mitochondrial protein aggregation and triggers a distinct form of cell death
In Other Journals
Authors: McCartney Melissa , Sugden Andrew M. , Alderton Gemma , Smith Keith T. , Yeston Jake , Purnell Beverly A. , Hurtley Stella M.
Published: March 2022

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
Ukrainians rush to save ‘irreplaceable’ collections
Authors: Curry Andrew
Published: March 2022

Researchers hide ancient weapons and bat skulls, upload data as bombs fall
Catalog of bird shapes yields ecological ‘gold mine’
Authors: Stokstad Erik
Published: March 2022

Measurements offer a new window into ecosystem health
Emergence of Phenotypically Distinct Subpopulations Is a Factor in Adaptation of Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae under Glucose-Limited Conditions
Authors: Wright Naia Risager , Jessop-Fabre Mathew M. , Sánchez Benjamin J. , Wulff Tune , Workman Christopher T. , Rønnest Nanna Petersen , Sonnenschein Nikolaus
Published: March 2022

The yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
is an attractive microbial host for industrial production and is used widely for manufacturing, e.g., pharmaceuticals. Chemostat cultivation mode is an efficient cultivation strategy for industrial production processes as it ensures a constant, well-controlled cultivation environment.
Impact of Caveolin-Mediated Endocytosis on the Trafficking of HIV within the Colonic Barrier
Authors: Anwar Alex , Helou Michelle , Hervol Jessica , Levine Alan D.
Published: March 2022

Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy in suppressing HIV replication and the emergence and effectiveness of PrEP-based prevention strategies, in 2018, 37,968 people in the United States received a new HIV diagnosis, accompanied by 15,820 deaths. While the annual number of new diagnoses decreased 7% from 2014 to 2018, 14% of people with HIV did not know they were infected.
The Human Liver-Expressed Lectin CD302 Restricts Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Reinecke Birthe , Frericks Nicola , Lauber Chris , Dinkelborg Katja , Matthaei Alina , Vondran Florian W. R. , Behrendt Patrick , Haid Sibylle , Brown Richard J. P. , Pietschmann Thomas
Published: March 2022

The liver represents an immunoprivileged organ characterized by enhanced resistance to immune responses. However, the importance of liver cell-endogenous, noncytolytic innate immune responses in pathogen control is not well defined.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium ruizarguesonis (Rhizobium leguminosarum) Strain 1TK341
Authors: Afonin Alexey M. , Gribchenko Emma S. , Sulima Anton S. , Akhtemova Gulnar A. , Zhukov Vladimir A.
Published: March 2022

Rhizobium ruizarguesonis
(
Rhizobium leguminosarum
) strain 1TK341 was isolated from pink nodules of fixation-negative mutant line P61 of pea (
Pisum sativum
L.) grown in soil. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the strain.
Complete Coding Sequence of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Isolated from Kinmen Island, Taiwan, in 2020
Authors: Huang Chih-Wei , Ting Lu-Jen , Liu Yu-Pin , Lin Yu-Ju , Lee Fan , Chiou Chwei-Jang
Published: March 2022

We reported the complete coding sequence of a lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) isolated from cattle from Kinmen, Taiwan, in 2020. The nucleotide sequence of LSDV/KM/Taiwan/2020 was most closely related to strains from an outbreak in China and Vietnam in 2020 and clustered within the vaccine or vaccine-derived clade.
Comparison of long-term astigmatic changes following cataract surgery among types of corneal astigmatism
Authors: Hayashi Ken , Sasaki Hiroshi , Hirata Akira , Yoshimura Koichi
Published: March 2022

Aims

To examine whether long-term corneal astigmatic changes after stabilisation of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) following cataract surgery differ among eyes having against-the-rule (ATR), with-the-rule (WTR), and oblique astigmatism.

Methods

Anterior corneal astigmatism of 390 eyes in 390 patients (130 eyes each having ATR, WTR and oblique astigmatism) who underwent phacoemulsification with a horizontal clear corneal or scleral incision and 390 eyes in 390 control patients without surgery were examined using an auto-keratometer on the day that SIA stabilised (baseline) and at ≥8 years post baseline. Changes in corneal astigmatism during the ≥8 years post baseline were decomposed to vertical/horizontal (Rx) and oblique astigmatism components (Ry), and compared among baseline types of astigmatism and between eyes with and without surgery.

Results

The mean corneal astigmatic changes (Rx and Ry) showed an ATR shift of 0.2–0.3 D during the ≥8 years post baseline, which did not differ significantly among the ATR, WTR and oblique astigmatism groups in eyes with and without surgery. In the ATR, WTR and oblique groups, the mean Rx and Ry did not differ significantly between eyes with and without surgery. Double angle plots revealed an equivalent degree of ATR change in the ATR, WTR and oblique groups between eyes with and without surgery.

Conclusion

Long-term corneal astigmatic changes towards ATR astigmatism occurred to a similar extent in eyes having ATR, WTR, oblique astigmatism and were comparable between eyes with and without surgery, suggesting that astigmatism type need not be considered when planning astigmatism correction.
Impact of legislative reform on worker fatalities in New Zealand workplaces: a 30-year retrospective population-level analysis
Authors: Lilley Rebbecca , Davie Gabrielle , McNoe Bronwen , Horsburgh Simon , Driscoll Tim R , Cryer Colin
Published: March 2022

Objectives

To determine the impact of major legislative changes to New Zealand’s Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) legislation with the adoption of the Robens model as a means to control occupational risks on the burden and risk of work-related fatal injury (WRFI).

Methods

Population-based comparison of WRFI to workers aged 15–84 years occurring during three periods: before (pre:1985–1992), after legislative reform (post-1:1993–2002) and after subsequent amendment (post-2:2003–2014). Annual age-industry standardised rates were calculated with 95% CI. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to estimate age-adjusted annual percentage changes (APC) for each period, overall and stratified by high-risk industry and occupational groups.

Results

Over the 30-year period, 2053 worker deaths met the eligibility criteria. Age-adjusted APC in rates of worker WRFI changed little between periods: pre (−2.8%, 95% CI 0.0% to −5.5%); post-1 (−2.9%, 95% CI −1.3% to −4.5%) and post-2 (−2.9%, 95% CI −1.3% to −4.4%). There was no evidence of differences in slope. Variable trends in worker WRFI were observed for historically high-risk industry and occupational groups.

Conclusions

The rate of worker WRFI decreased steadily over the 30-year period under examination and there was no evidence that this pattern of declining WRFI was substantially altered with the introduction of Robens-styled OHS legislative reforms. Beyond headline figures, historically high-risk groups had highly variable progress in reducing worker WRFI following legislative reform. This study demonstrates the value in including prereform data and high-risk subgroup analysis when assessing the performance of OHS legislative reforms to control occupational risks.
Cigarette smoking is a secondary cause of folliculin loss
Authors: Li Xiuying , Lai Yandong , Lane Zachary , Strollo Hilary , Tanimura Kazuya , Sembrat John C , Zou Chunbin , Myerburg Michael M , Rojas Mauricio , Shapiro Steven , Jiang Yu , Nyunoya Toru
Published: March 2022

Background

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a clinical syndrome manifesting with cystic lung disease and pneumothorax. Features of BHD result from the loss-of-function mutations of the folliculin (FLCN) gene. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterised by an irreversible airflow limitation, is primarily caused by cigarette smoking.

Objective

Given that COPD often shares structural features with BHD, we investigated the link between COPD, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and FLCN expression.

Methods

We measured the expression of FLCN in human COPD lungs and CS-exposed mouse lungs, as well as in CS extract (CSE)-exposed immortalised human airway epithelial cells by immunoblotting.

Results

We found that the lung FLCN protein levels in smokers with COPD and CS exposure mice exhibit a marked decrease compared with smokers without COPD and room air exposure mice, respectively. We confirmed CS induced degradation of FLCN in immortalised human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells via ubiquitin proteasome system. Further, siRNA targeting FLCN enhanced CSE-induced cytotoxicity. By contrast, FLCN overexpression protected cells from CSE-induced cytotoxicity. We found that FBXO23, the ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit, specifically binds to and targets FLCN for degradation. Inhibition of ATM (ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated) attenuated CSE induced FLCN degradation, suggesting a role of ATM in FLCN proteolysis. We further confirmed that the mutant of major FLCN phosphorylation site serine 62A is resistant to CSE-induced degradation and cytotoxicity.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that CS exposure is a secondary cause of FLCN deficiency due to the enhanced proteolysis, which promoted airway epithelial cell death.
Youth tobacco use before and after flavoured tobacco sales restrictions in Oakland, California and San Francisco, California
Authors: Liu Jessica , Hartman Lester , Tan Andy S L , Winickoff Jonathan P
Published: March 2022

The tobacco industry has used recent findings from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System Survey (YRBSS) to claim that a sales restriction on flavoured tobacco products might increase youth combustible cigarette use. In this special communication, we examined YRBSS data and reached the opposite conclusion. We observed the patterns in youth cigarette smoking in Oakland, California following its 2017 convenience store flavoured tobacco sales restriction. We also found that 2019 YRBSS data from San Francisco, California cannot be used to evaluate the effect of the sales restriction on all flavoured tobacco products in San Francisco as the YRBSS data for this city were collected prior to enforcement of the sales restriction. For future studies, we suggest triangulating with corroborating sales, behavioural and qualitative data over time to assess the effects of tobacco control policies on youth tobacco use. We recommend that policy enactment and enforcement dates, as well as the exact data collection periods for population health surveys, be published to facilitate more rigorous policy evaluation.
Effect of seed coat mucilage, temperature, and photoperiod on germination of four Arabian desert species
Authors: Gairola Sanjay , Mahmoud Tamer , AlKetbi Asma , Shabana Hatem A. , Carón María Mercedes , El-Keblawy Ali
Published: March 2022

In this study, we assessed the effects of mucilage presence, thermoperiod, and photoperiod on seed germination percentage and germination velocity (mean germination time) of four Arabian desert species. We hypothesized that mucilage presence, thermoperiod, and photoperiod and their interaction would influence seed germination. Seeds with and without mucilage were germinated under different alternating temperature regimes of 15/25, 20/30, and 25/35 °C night/day temperatures with a 12/0 h light/dark photoperiod. Results showed that the incubation temperature affected the germination of all the studied species. The photoperiod significantly affected the germination of Boerhavia elegans Choisy, Salvia aegyptiaca L., and Sporobolus ioclados (Trin.) Nees, while the mucilage presence influenced the germination of S. ioclados only. The interaction between mucilage presence, temperature, and photoperiod significantly influenced the germination percentage of B. elegans and S. aegyptiaca. Neither removal of the mucilage nor light conditions affected the germination percentages of Sporobolus spicatus (Vahl) Kunth. However, the temperature affected the germination of S. spicatus. The germination of all the studied species was faster for demucilaged seeds. Ecologically, the mucilaginous seed coat is considered an important adaptation for dispersal as it anchors seeds on the ground and holds water around the seed during the germination stage in the stressful arid desert habitats.
Canada’s human footprint reveals large intact areas juxtaposed against areas under immense anthropogenic pressure
Authors: Hirsh-Pearson Kristen , Johnson Chris J. , Schuster Richard , Wheate Roger D. , Venter Oscar
Published: March 2022

Efforts are underway in Canada to set aside terrestrial lands for conservation, thereby protecting them from anthropogenic pressures. Here we produce the first Canadian human footprint map by combining 12 different anthropogenic pressures and identifying intact and modified lands and ecosystems across the country. Our results showed strong spatial variation in pressures across the country, with just 18% of Canada experiencing measurable human pressure. However, some ecosystems are experiencing very high pressure, such as the Great Lakes Plains and Prairies national ecological areas that have over 75% and 56% of their areas, respectively, with a high human footprint. In contrast, the Arctic and Northern Mountains have less than 0.02% and 0.2%, respectively, of their extent under high human footprint. A validation of the final map, using random statistical sampling, resulted in a Cohen Kappa statistic of 0.91, signifying an “almost perfect” agreement between the human footprint and the validation data set. By increasing the number and accuracy of mapped pressures, our map demonstrates much more widespread pressures in Canada than were indicated by previous global mapping efforts, demonstrating the value in specific national data applications. Ecological areas with immense anthropogenic pressure highlight challenges that may arise when planning for ecologically representative protected areas.
ACM Hypertext 2021
Authors: Conlan Owen , Herder Eelco
Published: March 2022

The ACM Hypertext and Social Media Conference is a premium venue for high quality peer-reviewed research on hypertext theory, systems and applications. It is concerned with all aspects of modern hypertext research including social media, semantic web, dynamic and computed hypertext and hypermedia as well as narrative systems and applications. The 32nd edition was organized as a virtual event, hosted by the ADAPT Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
Upcoming SIGWEB supported conferences
Authors: Roßner Daniel
Published: March 2022

The Special Interest Group on Hypertext and the Web, SIGWEB was created in 1989 to support the community participating in the annual ACM Hypertext Conference. In its fourth decade, SIGWEB continues its efforts to support a wide range of communities and conferences. Recently, the Web Conference's legal and financial sponsorship was transferred to SIGWEB and thus joins the family of now eight annual conferences. SIGWEB supports several specialized conferences, short courses, and workshops of different sizes, as well as the annual Hypertext Conference. SIGWEB sponsored conferences focus on timely topics in applied and computational hypertext and Web disciplines and provide a place for members and the entire applied Hypermedia and Web community to exchange ideas and to meet with and expand their network of colleagues. In this article, we provide a brief overview of SIGWEB sponsored conferences, in addition to events that are in cooperation with SIGWEB.
How treewidth helps in verification
Authors: Aiswarya C
Published: March 2022

Treewidth, or similar measures, have been a quite useful technique in the verification of infinite state systems. We illustrate, through examples, how such measures help in analyzing a system.
Report on the 1st IR for children 2000--2020
Authors: Landoni Monica , Murgia Emiliana , Huibers Theo , Pera Maria Soledad
Published: March 2022

We present a brief overview of the discussions and takeaways emerging from the IR for Children 2000--2020: Where Are We Now? Workshop, co-located with the 44

th

International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval.

Date
: 15 July, 2021.

Website
: http://www.fab4.science/IR4C/.
Report on the 1st linked archives international workshop (LinkedArchives 2021) at TPDL 2021
Authors: Lopes Carla Teixeira , Ribeiro Cristina , Niccolucci Franco , Rodrigues Irene , Freire Nuno
Published: March 2022

The International Workshop on Archives and Linked Data was a satellite event of the 25th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL 2021). TPDL 2021 was an online event with free registration, and the same applied to the workshop. Linked Data and Semantic Web technologies offer new possibilities for digital curation and preservation. The growing interest in archival records and the availability of technologies that can take large volumes of data and process them leads archives into the world of Linked Data. The workshop gathered almost 100 researchers and specialists engaged in initiatives crossing Linked Data technologies, Archives, and Cultural Heritage in general, discussing advances and challenges in this area. Overall, the workshop was a very successful event, which may require in the future more than the two two-hour sessions we dedicated to it this year.

Date
: 13 September, 2021.

Website
: https://linkedarchives.inesctec.pt/.
Report on the 2nd international conference on design of experimental search & information retrieval systems (DESIRES 2021)
Authors: Alonso Omar , Marchesin Stefano , Najork Marc , Silvello Gianmaria
Published: March 2022

This is a report on the second edition of the International Conference on Design of Experimental Search & Information REtrieval Systems (
DESIRES
2021) held at the Department of Information Engineering of the University od Padua (Padua, Italy) from September 15 to September 18, 2021.

Date
: 15--18 September, 2021.

Website
: http://desires.dei.unipd.it/.
Report on the 3rd workshop of knowledge-aware and conversational recommender systems (KARS/ComplexRec) at RecSys 2021
Authors: Anelli Vito Walter , Basile Pierpaolo , Bogers Toine , Di Noia Tommaso , Donini Francesco Maria , Mobasher Bamshad , Musto Cataldo , Narducci Fedelucio , Petersen Casper , Pera Maria Soledad , Zanker Markus
Published: March 2022

In this report, we offer a brief overview of the contributions and takeaways from the Joint KaRS & ComplexRec Workshop, co-located with the 15

th

edition of the ACM RecSys in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. With this workshop, we aimed to merge the main objectives envisioned for the 3

rd

Edition of the Workshop of Knowledge-aware and Conversational Recommender Systems and the 5

th

Edition of the Workshop on Recommendation in Complex Environments. This joint workshop adopted a hybrid format aligned with the goal of this year's main conference congregating to continue to build community around recommender systems research and development.

Date
: 27

th

September-1

st

October, 2021.

Website
: https://kars-workshop.github.io/2021/program/.
Studies in aspects of peer review
Authors: Ghosal Tirthankar
Published: March 2022

The process of peer-review is considered as the
sentinel of science
in scholarly communications. However, with the deluge of research articles and the overload of scholarly information, it is increasingly becoming difficult for humans to keep up with the pace of the latest research. This thesis uses Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to investigate critical issues relevant to scholarly communications and peer review. Detecting whether a document contains sufficient new information to be deemed as
novel
is of immense significance in this age of data duplication. We investigate if we can automatically identify the
newness
in a document based on its information content against a set of relevant documents. We create two benchmark datasets: TAP-DLND 1.0 and TAP-DLND 2.0, and devise several methods for novelty detection at the document level. One particular challenge in peer review is that the journal editors and conference program chairs are overwhelmed with the ever-increasing rise in article submissions. Studies show that many submissions are not well-informed and do not fit within the scope of the intended journal or conference. We investigate how an AI could assist the editors and program chairs in identifying potential
out-of-scope
submissions based on the past accepted papers of the particular journal conference. We experiment with several methods, including feature-based machine learning, deep multimodal architectures, to multiview clustering. Again, the recent unprecedented growth in paper submissions in major Machine Learning and AI conferences is a grand challenge to the community to maintain high-quality reviewing practices while ensuring fair evaluation of the manuscripts. We investigate if we can identify which reviews were significant enough to be considered in the decision-making. We design an end-to-end deep network that leverages on
exhaustiveness
and
strength
of the peer review in a multi-task fashion to comprehend it's
informativeness.
Our
DeepSentiPeer
model is one of the first attempts to predict decisions in peer review automatically. Finally, finding the relevant literature or identifying the works that have inspired the current work under scrutiny is central to an evaluation in peer review. We analyze the context of citations within paper full-text to identify a given research lineage. The idea is to leverage citation significance classification to build a research lineage via a
significant citation graph.
We argue that finding the lineage of given research would help identify the true academic impact of a paper beyond quantitative citation counts.

Awarded by
: Indian Institute of Technology Patna, India on 28 August, 2021.

Supervised by
: Asif Ekbal and Pushpak Bhattacharyya.

Available at
: https://www.iitp.ac.in/~ai-nlp-ml/resources/dissertations/PhD/Tirthankar_Ghosal_PhD_Thesis_IIT_Patna.pdf.
BEMCom
Authors: Wölfle David , Lösch Manuel , Schmeck Hartmut
Published: March 2022

This note aims at supporting research on Building Energy Management (BEM), which addresses the active optimization of energy consumption patterns of buildings. For the practical evaluation of BEM algorithms, communication with devices in the building is required. Therefore, it is common to set up a Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), i.e. a software that is able to interact with the devices, but also provides a unified interface for external components like optimization algorithms. However, implementing HAL applications often causes a significant effort using state of the art software, especially if the encountered devices make it necessary to develop custom software components to establish communication. In this paper we present the BEMCom framework as an alternative. BEMCom leverages a service oriented architecture (SOA) which enables the creation of applications with minimal effort by simple combination of services. This also allows the efficient development of new services that can reuse arbitrary existing software components. Furthermore, the SOA approach makes the created HAL applications easy to comprehend and supports stable operation. Alongside this paper, we release our implementation of BEMCom as open source, providing extensive documentation and ready-to-use services for the efficient creation of HALs.
Analysis of a Systemic Inflammatory Biomarker in Advanced Bile Tract Carcinoma Treated with Anti-PD-1 Therapy: Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Lung Immune Prognostic Index Score
Authors: Pan Yuting , Si Hanyan , Jia Ru , Deng Guochao , Yan Huan , Fan Mengjia , Gou Miaomiao , Chen Shiyun , Zhang Nan , Shi Yue , Qian Niansong , Dai Guanghai
Published: March 2022

Background. The application of immunotherapy is gradually increasing in advanced bile tract carcinoma (BTC), but only some patients could benefit from it. Validated biomarkers can screen out the beneficiaries. Therefore, the objective of this research is aimed at exploring the predictive value of lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) in advanced BTC patients receiving immunotherapy. Methods. This study was conducted on 110 BTC patients. The cut-off value of the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (dNLR) ratio was obtained by the ROC curves to predict the tumor progression rate at the 6th month. The high levels of dNLR (≥the cut-off value) and lactate dehydrogenase (≥the upper limit of normal) were considered to be two risk factors for LIPI. Based on these two risk factors, patients were categorized into 3 groups based on risk factors: 0 for the good group, 1 for the intermediate group, and 2 for the poor group. Due to the limited number of patients in the poor group, it was integrated into the intermediate group to be the intermediate/poor group. Finally, the subjects were divided into two groups: LIPI-good and LIPI-intermediate/poor. Results. The results shed light on the 110 BTC patients’ LIPI in advanced BTC patients receiving immunotherapy, indicating that the cut-off value of dNLR was 1.74. According to the risk stratification, 38 (34.5%) patients had a good LIPI score, whereas the LIPI score was intermediate/poor in 72 (65.5%). In addition, patients with good LIPI were related to longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), compared to those with intermediate/poor LIPI (12.17 months vs. 3.17 months; 20.2 months vs. 8.7 months). According to multivariate analysis, the intermediate/poor LIPI group was independently correlated with over 2.3 times greater risk of tumor progression (

HR
=
2.301

; 95% CI, 1.395-3.796;

P
=
0.001

) and over 1.8 times greater risk of death (

HR
=
1.877

; 95% CI, 1.076-3.275;

P
=
0.027

) than the good group. Moreover, the result also revealed that there were significant differences of DCR for patients of the good group and the intermediate/poor group (86.8% vs. 65.3%;

P
=
0.012

). Conclusion. Finally, this study verifies, for the first time, that LIPI is an independent factor affecting the survival and clinical efficacy of advanced BTC patients receiving immunotherapy. It may be difficult for patients with intermediate/poor LIPI to benefit from immunotherapy.
A Review of Sensor Technologies Applicable for Domestic Livestock Production and Health Management
Authors: Asmare Bimrew
Published: March 2022

The world is running for the digitalization of social, economic, and political endeavors. As the world is getting into technologies of various streams of development, agriculture, especially livestock production, is also one of the areas of development that requires the application or use of emerging technologies. But knowledge and skill are relatively scanty, particularly in developing countries. Hence, it is vital to fill this gap of knowledge by compiling information and presenting it to a large audience for further research in the field. In the era of the advent of sensors for broader fields, it is important to consider the possible application of these technologies in rangeland condition assessment and animal production. The technologies are more relevant in the implementation of precisions farming practices of livestock including the individual animal behavior, grazing condition, health condition, and forage intakes. For grazing stock, it is vital to assess the status of both livestock grazing behavior and rangeland resource conditions. The rangeland resources are important components of livestock production throughout the world. Forages and pasture are dynamics in the abundance, species composition, and chemical composition as a result of environmental and management changes. The rangeland resources must be assessed and monitored for better management and utilization. Conventional assessments which include manual or mechanical counting, identification, and chemical composition are laborious and time-consuming. Under field conditions, not only grazing lands condition can be monitored using sensors but also is possible to understand the grazing behavior of animals for better management of grazing stock. To complement and or replace conventional techniques, it is vital to understand the current technologies such as sensors or biosensors. This review study is organized to increase awareness of the available technologies and their relevance regarding rangeland resources, particularly in tropical rangelands. In most cases, in the tropics, GPS systems are commonly used to assess only the rangeland status without considering the grazing stock. The review also elucidates that sensor technologies are important to detect livestock health conditions and movements at the field level in a rapid and easy way. However, like other technologies, sensors (biosensors) have limitations including accuracy of measurements and repetitive data accusations. Nevertheless, the review elucidates the use of sensor technologies and saves time and energy in animal production which otherwise could demand extensive energy and time.
Spatio-Temporal Coding-Based Helicopter Trajectory Planning for Pulsed Neural Membrane System
Authors: Xu Jiachang , Huang Yourui , Li Hongjin , Fang Ruichong , Liu Yu , Zhao Ruijuan
Published: March 2022

For the trajectory planning problem under the nonlinear and strongly coupled characteristics of unmanned helicopters, membrane computing with distributed parallel processing capability is introduced for unmanned helicopter trajectory planning. The global and local spatial information is temporally characterized; the temporal characterization algorithm under mapping information is designed; the hierarchical discriminant regression algorithm is designed based on incremental principal component analysis to realize the process of building and identifying trees in trajectory planning; and the pulsed neural membrane system (PNMS) with spatio-temporal coding function under membrane computing is constructed. Compared with the RRT algorithm in two experimental environments, the original path length, the trimmed path length, the time used to plan the trajectory, and the number of search nodes have different levels of improvement; the feasibility and effectiveness of the PNMS in unmanned helicopter trajectory planning are verified. It expands the theoretical research of membrane computing in the field of optimal control and provides theoretical support for the subsequent application practice.
Structural, Electronic, and Charge Transport Properties of New Materials based on 2-(5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl) Phenol for Organic Solar Cells and Light Emitting Diodes by DFT and TD-DFT
Authors: Alongamo Caryne Isabelle Lekeufack , Tasheh Stanley Numbonui , Nkungli Nyiang Kennet , Bine Fritzgerald Kogge , Ghogomu Julius Numbonui
Published: March 2022

This work reports on the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent extension (TD-DFT) study of the structural, electronic, and charge transport properties of 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl) phenol (MODP) and some of its transition M2+ complexes (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pd, Pt). Reorganization energy, integral charge transfer, mobility, open circuit voltage, and electronic properties of these compounds have been calculated by employing the global hybrid functional PBE0 in conjunction with the Karlsruhe basis set def2-TZVP. Results show that MODP and its transition metal complexes are good electron donors for organic solar cells (OSC) owing to their relatively higher HOMO and LUMO energies compared to the prototypical (6, 6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Energy gaps ranging between 2.502 and 4.455 eV, energy driving forces (∆EL-L) ranging between 2.08 and 2.44 eV, and large open circuit voltages (

V

OC

) ranging from 1.12 to 2.05 eV were obtained. The results also revealed that MODP and its Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes could serve as ambipolar charge transport materials owing to their very small reorganization energies, integral charge transfers, high rate charge transfers, and mobilities. All studied molecules showed OSC donor and hole/electron transport characteristics required by organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Based on these results, new ways for designing charge transport materials for OLEDs as well as donor materials in OSCs are proposed.
[Retracted] Role of Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation: An Insight into Heavy Metal Pollution from Dentistry
Authors: Thangavelu Lakshmi , Veeraragavan Geetha Royapuram , Mallineni Sreekanth Kumar , Devaraj Ezhilarasan , Parameswari Royapuram Parthasarathy , Syed Nazmul Huda , Dua Kamal , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Balusamy Sri Renukadevi , Bhawal Ujjal K.
Published: March 2022

Environmental damage is without a doubt one of the most serious issues confronting society today. As dental professionals, we must recognize that some of the procedures and techniques we have been using may pose environmental risks. The usage and discharge of heavy metals from dental set‐ups pollute the environment and pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. Due to the exclusive properties of nanosized particles, nanotechnology is a booming field that is being extensively studied for the remediation of pollutants. Given that the nanoparticles have a high surface area to volume ratio and significantly greater reactivity, they have been greatly considered for environmental remediation. This review aims at identifying the heavy metal sources and their environmental impact in dentistry and provides insights into the usage of nanoparticles in environmental remediation. Although the literature on various functions of inorganic nanoparticles in environmental remediation was reviewed, the research is still confined to laboratory set‐ups and there is a need for more studies on the usage of nanoparticles in environmental remediation.
Study on the Effect of Rock Strength on the Macro-Meso Shear Behaviors of Artificial Rock Joints
Authors: Jiang Yujing , Zhang Sunhao , Luan Hengjie , Shan Qinglin , Li Baocheng , Wang Dong , Jia Chuanyang
Published: March 2022

Understanding the shear properties of joints of rock masses is of great importance for engineering disaster prevention and control. In this paper, a systematic study of the macroscopic shear properties of joints of rock masses with different strengths is carried out using a combination of indoor tests and PFC2D numerical simulations. The results show that (i) the shear stress curve of low-strength rock joints is strain-softening type, while high-strength rock joints are strain-hardening type, and high-strength rock joints are more sensitive to the change of roughness. (ii) With the increase of JRC, the damage mode of different strength rock joints gradually changes from “abrasion” to “abrasion + gnawing,” and the damage characteristics of the surface of high-strength rock joints are more significant. (iii) The contact force between particles is mainly concentrated on the joints. At the beginning of shear, the contact force is mainly distributed on the second-order roughness and gradually concentrated on the first-order roughness as the shear progresses. Compared with the low-strength rock joints, the contact force on the high-strength rock joints is larger and more widely distributed. (iv) Due to the change of contact force, the cracks keep expanding and the particle rotation arc keeps changing. The particles with larger rotational arcs are consistent with the location of crack distribution, and the cumulative number of cracks on the joints of high-strength rock is higher. (v) The total input energy and dissipation energy increase continuously with the shear, and the elastic energy tends to increase at the beginning of shear and then starts to decrease and gradually tends to be constant near the peak of shear stress. The total input energy and dissipation energy of the joints of the high-strength rock are larger, while the peak elastic energy of it is smaller.
Intelligent Image Diagnosis of Pneumoconiosis Based on Wavelet Transform-Derived Texture Features
Authors: Wang Zichen , Hu Maoneng , Zeng Min , Wang Guoliang
Published: March 2022

Objective. Early diagnosis and treatment of occupational pneumoconiosis can delay the development of the disease. This study is aimed at investigating the intelligent diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis by wavelet transform-derived entropy. Method. From June 2013 to June 2020, the high KV digital radiographs (DR) and computed tomography (CT) images from a total of 60 patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in our department were selected. The wavelet transform-derived texture features were extracted from all images, and the decision tree was used for feature selection. The support vector machines (SVM) with three kernel functions were selected to classify the two kinds of images, and their diagnostic efficiency was compared. Result. After eight times of wavelet decomposition, eight wavelet entropy texture features (feature set) were extracted, and six were selected to form the feature subset. The classification effect of linear kernel function SVM is better than those of other functions, with an accuracy of 84.2%. The diagnostic values of DR and CT for occupational pneumoconiosis were the same (

kappa
=
0.737
,
P
<
0.001

). The detection rate of CT for stage I of occupational pneumoconiosis was significantly higher than that of DR (

P
=
0.031

). Conclusion. It is helpful to improve the early diagnosis level of pneumoconiosis by using SVM to make an intelligent diagnosis based on the wavelet entropy.
Emotional Feeling Evaluation Model in Underwater Environment Based on Wearable Sensor
Authors: Han Xiao , Yan Hongwei , Liu Baojian , Liu Wen
Published: March 2022

Underwater sensor network technologies, as well as devices, are developing rapidly, and underwater IoT devices have been widely used in energy surveys, environmental indicator detection, military surveillance, and disaster event monitoring. The transmission of massive amounts of underwater data to the cloud for processing and analysis has become the dominant processing paradigm, and cloud computing has become a dominant computing paradigm. The preparation strategy of elastomer-coated hydrogel optical fibers for stable optical sensing proposed in this work opens up a new method and approach for developing low-cost and highly sensitive water flow sensors while analyzing the design of wearable smart devices to assess underwater environmental emotion perception evaluation schemes. In this paper, we propose a sensory data acquisition technique for event coverage detection of underwater environmental emotions, observing that an event may correspond to deviations from the normal sensory range of sensory data from multiple adjacent sensor nodes. Distributed edge computing is introduced to assume part of the cloud computing pressure, and an edge prediction-based data acquisition and sensing scheme for underwater sensor networks is proposed to realize the conversion of the acoustic communication transmission part of underwater data into data prediction transmission, thus reducing the energy consumption caused by acoustic communication. The model established in this paper effectively reduces sensor energy consumption while ensuring accurate data transmission and can respond to the underlying demand promptly, which is significantly better than the already existing schemes.
Research on the Behavior Evolution of Interest Groups in Book Reverse Logistics
Authors: Dou Shuihai , Su Xianyang , Du Yanping , Tang Yanming , Peng Lizhi
Published: March 2022

With the gradual expansion of the book logistics market and the year-on-year increase in book publications, the incidence of book reverse logistics continues to increase, and the problem of book companies’ inventory backlog has become increasingly prominent. To effectively alleviate the current backlog of book returns and exchanges, this paper constructs a two-party game model of “book publisher-book retailer,” analyzes the evolution process of book publishers and book retailers’ participation strategies and the influence of parameter changes on stable strategies through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and draws the following conclusions. (1) Whether book publishers and book retailers choose to participate in the reverse logistics optimization of book returns and exchanges is closely related to their benefits and costs, and it also depends on whether the other party participates in the reverse logistics optimization of books. (2) When the cost of participating in book reverse logistics reaches a certain condition, the probability of both parties participating in the optimization is the greatest.
Diagnosis System of Microscopic Hyperspectral Image of Hepatobiliary Tumors Based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Huang Shixin , Luo Jiawei , Pu Kexue , Wu Min
Published: March 2022

Hepatobiliary tumor is one of the common tumors and cancers in medicine, which seriously affects people’s lives, so how to accurately diagnose it is a very serious problem. This article mainly studies a diagnostic method of microscopic images of liver and gallbladder tumors. Under this research direction, this article proposes to use convolutional neural network to learn and use hyperspectral images to diagnose it. It is found that the addition of the convolutional neural network can greatly improve the actual map classification and the accuracy of the map, and effectively improve the success rate of the treatment. At the same time, the article designs related experiments to compare its feature extraction performance and classification situation. The experimental results in this article show that the improved diagnostic method based on convolutional neural network has an accuracy rate of 85%–90%, which is as high as 6%–8% compared with the traditional accuracy rate, and thus it effectively improves the clinical problem of hepatobiliary tumor treatment.
Design and Application of Machine Learning-Based Evaluation for University Music Teaching
Authors: Xia Yu , Xu Fumei
Published: March 2022

Teaching evaluation (TE) is an operational means of music education and management, a value judgment on university-related music teaching activities, with the fundamental purpose of promoting and improving the overall development of the cultivated subjects. With the deepening of quality education, the types and contents of music teaching evaluation (MTE) are being updated and changed, and many universities are gradually introducing music classroom teaching quality evaluation systems. Teaching quality evaluation plays an important role in the development of music teaching and affects the quality of educational evaluation, and is an important guarantee for the continuous reform and development of university music teaching (UMT), as well as an important means for scientific and reasonable management of schools, which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of schools. The evaluation of the quality of university music classroom teaching is a systematic process of analyzing and evaluating the teaching programs, teaching effects, and teaching processes of the music classroom within the school, which is conducive to improving the quality of university music classroom teaching. This article will focus on the overview of university music classroom teaching quality evaluation, analyze its main problems and causes, develop effective improvement measures to solve them, and build a machine learning (ML)-based UMT quality evaluation system. The model quantifies the concept of MTE indexes into definite data as the input of the network, and the comprehensive evaluation results as the output. The method overcomes the subjective factors of the evaluation subject in the evaluation process, but also obtains satisfactory evaluation results with wide applicability.
Design of Packaging Design Evaluation Architecture Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Shi Lei
Published: March 2022

Most researchers use visual communication symbols to achieve the purpose of information dissemination, which is also a very important marketing tool for the current era of packaging design. And the use of visual communication technology to make better product packaging design has become one of most the important means for major enterprises to sell their products and construct a good brand image. In this paper, we use a deep CNN-based aesthetic classification method for splash screens and a deep learning-based NIMA neural network to predict the aesthetic evaluation distribution of splash screen images, respectively. The connotation of visual communication and packaging design and the impact of the role of visual communication technology on packaging design are analyzed.