bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partilhas do sensível em "Catedral", de Raymond Carver
Authors: Azerêdo Genilda , Antunes Soares Bernardo Luiz
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho tem como propósito discutir a utilização da metáfora como elemento que propulsiona todo o arco dramático presente no conto “Catedral”, de Raymond Carver. O foco proposto tem como intuito desconstruir estereótipos quanto à caracterização de personagens com deficiência visual, através da transformação sofrida pelo protagonista do conto, que traz consigo uma visão altamente preconceituosa sobre pessoas cegas. A metodologia adotada procurou valorizar, em um primeiro momento, as categorias gerais do conto – narrador, personagens e conflitos –, para, em um segundo momento, focalizar a relevância da metáfora. Para tanto, refletimos sobre o desenvolvimento do potencial sensível e afetivo entre os personagens; os diferentes meios discursivos utilizados para a materialização de uma experiência afetiva partilhada; e as diversas maneiras como a ficção pode alterar ou complementar a compreensão da realidade e da experiência humana. Para a elaboração desta pesquisa, foi realizado um estudo que compreende as funções metafóricas em diversas esferas da sociedade, bem como seu uso e suas qualidades exploradas em textos literários, através de livros e ensaios de teóricos da literatura e do cinema como Viktor Chklovski, Patricia Waugh, Jorge Luis Borges, Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr. e Jean-Claude Carrière. As reflexões aqui elaboradas apontam para um poder importante da metáfora como meio indispensável para a compreensão da subjetividade, sobretudo por desconstruir formas convencionais de comportamento, rompendo com perspectivas pré-concebidas e apresentando novas possibilidades de engajamento afetivo.
Mapeamento funcionalista do item tipo em contextos orais paraibanos
Authors: Santos Aymmée Silveira , Silva Camilo Rosa
Published: October 2021

O papel dos usuários de uma língua é indispensável aos estudos funcionalistas e à concepção de uma gramática emergente. É através da construção de novas funções ou sentidos no discurso, com a mudança sintático-semântica de um item ou construção linguística, que os indivíduos materializam o processo comunicacional de maneira eficaz e produtiva. Com base na perspectiva funcionalista, percebe-se que o item tipo está exercendo gramaticalmente novas funções, como a de conector comparativo. O presente estudo visa descrever o mapeamento das multifunções do item tipo em contexto oral paraibano, a partir de entrevistas disponibilizadas no corpus VALPB – Projeto Variação Linguística do Estado da Paraíba. O trabalho se fundamenta em aportes da linguística funcional, dialogando com autores como Givón (1979), Martelotta (2011), Hopper (1991), entre outros. Os resultados demonstram que os falantes estão utilizando o item tipo com funções distintas, reforçando as estratégias de gramaticalização desenvolvidas pelos falantes durante a atividade comunicativa, embora ainda prevaleça o uso da função tradicional de tipo, isto é, a de substantivo.
Georges Canguilhem: sobre vida e conhecimento da vida [Georges Canguilhem: on life and knowledge of life]
Authors: Mulinari Filicio
Published: October 2021

Tendo como fundamento as obras de Georges Canguilhem, sobretudo a obra O normal e o patológico e os escritos "O pensamento e o vivente" e "O conceito e a vida", este artigo busca analisar o modo como Georges Canguilhem entende as noções de vida e conhecimento de vida, relacionando ambos os conceitos e indicando, nas linhas teóricas do filósofo francês, como é possível conhecimento o sobre a vida e o vivente. O artigo, inicialmente passando pelos conceitos de normal e patológico, buscará situar e fundamentar o conceito de vida enquanto "atividade normativa". Após isso, na segunda parte, buscará expor o tratamento dado por Canguilhem aos problemas relativos ao conhecimento da vida, analisando as questões histórico-filosóficas relacionadas ao problema e, por fim, as descobertas da biologia contemporânea que permitiram a Canguilhem lançar novos caminhos ao tema tratado.
A enunciação da imagem feminina nas redes sociais: uma investigação à luz da teoria dialógica da linguagem
Authors: Ferreira de Oliveira Antonio Flavio , Rodrigues Pereira Tarciana Karla
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho investiga sobre o processo de enunciação da mulher nas redes sociais. Desse modo, objetiva refletir como a imagem feminina tem sido discursivizada em blogs, websites e em grupos do facebook. A proposta de análise foi fundamentada pelos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Teoria Dialógica da Linguagem, em sentido particular, pelo que foi estabelecido por Voloshinov ([1976], ([2005]); Bakhtin (2011) e Bakhtin/Volochínov (2014). Os aspectos metodológicos estabelecem uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho interpretativista. O corpus foi constituído por quatro enunciados referentes à discursivização da mulher em blogs, website e grupo do facebook. Como resultado, foi constatado que a enunciação da imagem feminina constrói sentidos a partir do cruzamento das enunciações de diversas vozes sociais e que essas vozes sociais constituem o sujeito mulher como um ser social em devir.
O autor e as instâncias enunciativas na construção de sentidos de relatórios de estágio
Authors: Nascimento Ilderlândio Assis de Andrade
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho investiga aspectos da autoria e as instâncias enunciativas na construção dos sentidos em relatórios de estágio supervisionado na perspectiva do Interacionismo Sócio-Discursivo (ISD). Para isso, analisa um corpus composto por 06 (seis) relatórios de estágio supervisionado escritos por estudantes do sexto período do curso de Letras de uma instituição pública. Como suporte teórico, mobiliza os estudos desenvolvidos por Bronckart e, metodologicamente, apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa e um caráter descritivo e interpretativo. A análise revela que, embora a instância autoral esteja em toda parte, percebe-se pontos do discurso em que a voz do autor se apresenta de forma mais explícita, mais marcada, expressando pontos de vista, sentimentos, perspectivas, assinalando, assim, pontos de subjetividade e de individualidade no discurso acadêmico. Já quanto à presença de outras instâncias enunciativas que assumem (ou a elas são atribuídas) a responsabilidade enunciativa, verifica-se a ação do autor na orquestração de um coral de vozes outras, instaurando efeitos de harmonia entre essas vozes.
(In)definições sobre a questão dos gêneros: reflexões em torno da constituição de enunciados nas diversas esferas discursivas
Authors: Riolo Vivian Pinto
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta um recorte das discussões feitas em dissertação de mestrado a respeito da possibilidade de se definir um gênero discursivo apenas por suas características formais e funcionais, dado à observação de gêneros semelhantes na estrutura e na função que circulam em diversos campos da comunicação humana. Baseados na metodologia sociológica de análise de Bakhtin, Volochínov e Medvedev, dentre outros componentes do Círculo bakhtiniano (1919-1934), procedemos à investigação de enunciados concretos, a fim de questionar como um gênero se constitui nas diversas esferas discursivas considerando a natureza do enunciado. Percebemos que a noção de dialogismo, apontada nas obras do filósofo russo, aplica-se ao surgimento de novos gêneros, já que as especificidades de um dado campo discursivo orientam a formatação dos gêneros do discurso, mas podem, ainda, estabelecer relações de diálogo com outras esferas discursivas. As análises se basearam na taxonomia dos gêneros de relato, sendo o testemunhal publicitário televisivo o foco de nossa discussão.
Práticas pedagógicas digitais: o Facebook e a sala de aula invertida na formação dos alunos do ProfLetras.
Authors: Francisco Cicero Nestor Pinheiro , Oliveira Robson Santos
Published: October 2021

Este artigo objetiva discutir a importância da sala de aula invertida nos processos pedagógicos em um curso de pós-graduação (ProfLetras) destacando-se que este modelo de ensino impulsiona significativamente a aprendizagem e favorece as práticas colaborativas. A pesquisa mostra a importância que este modelo traz, aliada à tecnologia da rede social virtual do FACEBOOK, e à mediação docente, com ganhos significativos na realização de trabalhos pedagógicos, caracterizando-se como um modelo híbrido que não destitui o modelo tradicional de aula. Esse desenho didático-metodológico pode proporcionar uma adequada interação entre professores e alunos, assim como entre os próprios alunos de pós-graduação, proporcionando uma aprendizagem significativa utilizando os recursos tecnológicos da internet.
Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor of Tyrosine Based on Chitosanβ-
Cyclodextrin/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Film
Authors: Bai Xiaopeng , Wu Ying , Deng Lili , Gong Li , Xu Tianchi , Song Wenbo , Feng Xun
Published: October 2021

Background:

As a vital amino acid in the human body, tyrosine is indispensable in various biological processes, and therefore its accurate and simple determination is of crucial importance. In this work, a facile approach was developed to construct a molecularly imprinted sensor for tyrosine via co-electrodeposition of chitosan, β-cyclodextrin and tyrosine on the surface of indium tin oxide that was pre-coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs).

Methods:

Benefitting from the excellent film-forming ability and the rich functional groups to form a hydrogen bond with target molecules, chitosan was utilized to form a recognition matrix. MWNTs and β-cyclodextrin were then introduced to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity to tyrosine, due to the subtle electronic, catalytic properties and possible π-π interaction of MWNTs with tyrosine, as well as recognition ability of β-cyclodextrin. The morphology of the imprinted films was characterized by a scanning electron microscope. The electrochemistry and tyrosine sensing performance were investigated in detail by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry.

Results:

Amperometry results showed that the imprinted sensor exhibited a linear range of 1.0×10−6 to 1.0×10−4 M and 1.0×10−4 to 1.0×10−3 M for tyrosine determination, with a detection limit of 6.0 × 10−7 M (S/N=3). Moreover, a satisfactory recovery in the range of 99.0% to 105.1% was obtained with the application of the imprinted sensor in artificial urine samples analysis.

Conclusion:

The imprinted electrode is reusable with satisfactory reproducibility and stability in tyrosine determination.
Stem Cells Treatment for Wilson Disease
Authors: Zheng Sujun , Tang Shan , Bai Li , Duan Zhongping
Published: October 2021

:

Wilson Disease (WD) is a copper excretion disorder, mainly caused by mutations in the
ATP7B gene. Pharmacological therapies and liver transplantation are currently the main treatment
methods for WD, but they face problems such as drug treatment compliance, adverse reactions,
and shortage of liver donors. Stem cell therapy of WD may correct abnormal copper metabolism
permanently, which is the focus of current research. In this review, we summarized the latest research
on stem cells treatment for WD, as well as current challenges and future expectations.
Heterogeneous Gene Expression Cross-Evaluation of Robust Biomarkers Using Machine Learning Techniques Applied to Lung Cancer
Authors: Bajo-Morales Javier , Galvez Juan Manuel , Prieto-Prieto Juan Carlos , Herrera Luis Javier , Rojas Ignacio , Castillo-Secilla Daniel
Published: October 2021

Background:

Nowadays, gene expression analysis is one of the most promising pillars for understanding and uncovering the mechanisms underlying the development and spread of cancer. In this sense, Next Generation Sequencing technologies, such as RNA-Seq, are currently leading the market due to their precision and cost. Nevertheless, there is still an enormous amount of non-analyzed data obtained from older technologies, such as Microarray, which could still be useful to extract relevant knowledge.

Methods:

Throughout this research, a complete machine learning methodology to cross-evaluate the compatibility between both RNA-Seq and Microarray sequencing technologies is described and implemented. In order to show a real application of the designed pipeline, a lung cancer case study is addressed by considering two detected subtypes: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Transcriptomic datasets considered for our study have been obtained from the public repositories NCBI/GEO, ArrayExpress and GDC-Portal. From them, several gene experiments have been carried out with the aim of finding gene signatures for these lung cancer subtypes, linked to both transcriptomic technologies. With these DEGs selected, intelligent predictive models capable of classifying new samples belonging to these cancer subtypes have been developed.

Results:

The predictive models built using one technology are capable of discerning samples from a different technology. The classification results are evaluated in terms of accuracy, F1-score and ROC curves along with AUC. Finally, the biological information of the gene sets obtained and their relationship with lung cancer are reviewed, encountering strong biological evidence linking them to the disease.

Conclusion:

Our method has the capability of finding strong gene signatures which are also independent of the transcriptomic technology used to develop the analysis. In addition, our article highlights the potential of using heterogeneous transcriptomic data to increase the amount of samples for the studies, increasing the statistical significance of the results.
Plasmonic Properties of Al2O3 Nanoshell with a Metallic Core
Authors: Katyal Jyoti
Published: October 2021

Background:

Al is the promising candidate for deep UV and longer wavelength range plasmonic
applications. But it is difficult to have the pure aluminium nanostructure as it is easily oxidized,
forming a thin layer of Al2O3. In this paper, we have evaluated the field enhancement of oxide layer on
metallic shell (Al-Al2O3 and Au-Al2O3) for single and dimer core-shell configuration and showed potential
of the oxide layer in SERS.

Methods:

The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) has been used to evaluate the LSPR and field
enhancement of single and dimer Al-Al2O3 and Au- Al2O3 nanostructure.

Results:

The results exhibit the tunable plasmon resonance on varying the inner and outer radii of the
Al2O3 shell. A redshift and decrease in enhancement were observed as shell thickness increases, whereas
on increasing the core size, the enhancement increases in the case of Au-Al2O3 and decreases in Al-
Al2O3 due to quadrupole contribution. But on comparing the Au-Al2O3 with Al-Al2O3 for the same particle
size, Al-Al2O3 shows larger enhancement because Au has to compete with its interband transition.

Conclusion:

By optimizing the thickness of the shell and core size, it can be concluded that an ultrathin
shell of Al2O3 can give higher enhancement. With Al as a core metal, the enhancement increases as
compared to Au-Al2O3. Since a single Al-Al2O3 nanoshell has shown a huge enhancement we have
considered the multimer configuration of two identical nanoshells. Due to coupling between two
nanoshells a huge increase in enhancement factor ~1012 was observed for Al-Al2O3 dimer nanoshell in
the UV region.
Health Protocol in Penataran Train during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Firmansyah Nur , Wicaksono Achmad , Anwar M
Published: October 2021

Penataran train decreased the number of passengers by 77.13% in April 2020, which resulted in a reduction in travel frequency and change origin-destination during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the Penataran train passengers and obtain policy recommendations about service standards and travel requirements based on respondents' choices using descriptive statistics. Questionnaires were distributed to 417 Penataran train passengers during new adaptation period. This study indicates that the frequency of trips during the new adaptation period is lower than before the pandemic. Only 10.55% of respondents give the reason that the risk of transmitting COVID-19 on the Penataran train is lower than other transportation. The maximum seating capacity is reduced to 50% according to respondent's perceptions. Wearing a mask, keep a distance, and wearing long-sleeved clothing can still be carried out because they are considered necessary as requirements for passenger travel. The GeNose C19 test letter is not recommended to be used as a document requirement because most respondents with low income do not want additional costs
Study of Sodium Chloride Production Using Gradual Evaporation of Seawater from Nggolonio Sea, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Wae Ernesta , T. Tjahjanto Rachmat ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Mardiana Diah ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya
Published: October 2021

Sea water as a raw material resources for the kitchen salt production, besides containing NaCl, has also containing other dissolved salts such as hygroscopic calcium and magnesium salts. The high content of other salts cause industrial NaCl has a low quality. This aim research was to find out the effect of seawater evaporation on NaCl content changes. Seawater obtained from Nggolonto, Nagekeo, NTT, was used with an initial volume of 200 mL, then it was concentrated in varying of final volume, i.e. 20, 23, 25, 27 and 29 mL. The NaCl content was calculated based on total chloride ion content, corrected toward magnesium and calcium ions content and the presence of sulphate anion. In addition, the chloride and magnesium also calcium ions content was analyzed volumetrically, while the sulphate anion was determined spectrophotometrically. The research result showed that NaCl content increase significantly up to 27 mL of final volume and was constantly afterward. Furthermore, the highest of NaCl content obtained from final volume of 29 mL was 96.01%. Nevertheless, comparing to SNI 06-0303-1989, its content was still below the standard of 98.5%.
Determination of Heavy and Trace Metals in Honey Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in South Eastern Zone of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Gudishe Goroya Kusse , Abadi Gebrewahd ,   Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Alresawum Asresahegn Yoseph ,   Department of Physics, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University
Published: October 2021

The present study aimed to determine concentration of heavy and trace metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) in honey by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Samples passed through wet digestion methods following the optimum digestion condition by applying the reagents (30mL HNO3:30mL H2O2) at temperature of 270°C for 3 hours. The average concentrations of the metals are found in the range of 5.32-28.6 mg/kg for Fe, 0.24-0.749mg/kg for Cu, 0.627-4.401mg/kg Zn, 0.41-3.15mg/kg for Mn, 0.08-0.112 mg/kg for Co, 0.25-0.325mg/kg for Pb, 0.24-0.46mg/kg for As, ND-0.031mg/kg for Hg and 0.02-0.03mg/kg for Cd. This study shows that the honey in the studied area is a good sources of essential metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Co and Zn) as they are found to be in the permissible limit. Moreover, the maximum concentration of the toxic metals determined in this work are below the level of toxicity as per the standard set by WHO/FAO.
The Discovery of Tyrosinase Enzyme Inhibitors Activity from Polyphenolic Compounds in Red Grape Seeds through In Silico Study
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Bandung, Luthfika Dewi Mentari , Muhammad Fakih Taufik ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Bandung, Imfyani Sofyan Resty ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Bandung
Published: October 2021

Tyrosinases are essential metal-containing enzymes in the biosynthesis of melanin, therefore responsible for pigmentation of the skin. The upregulation of tyrosinase enzyme activities leads to hyperpigmentation that will become a health problems and interfere psychosocially. Inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme activity, both competitive and non-competitive become widely developed for most anti hyperpigmentation agent. Natural antioxidants are one of the potential compounds for this purpose. Red grape seeds contain high levels of antioxidant compounds, such as procyanidin, prodelphinidin, and propelargonidin. In this research in silico studies, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and toxicity predictions, were used to assess the activity of the three molecules of polyphenolic compounds on macromolecules of the tyrosinase enzyme. Molecular docking studies show that the compound propelargonidin has the highest affinity against the macromolecule of the tyrosinase enzyme, with a binding free energy value of −32.87 kJ/mol. These results were confirmed in molecular dynamics simulations that show strong interactions at the macromolecular active site of the tyrosinase enzyme. Toxicity prediction results show that the three polyphenolic compound molecules were classified in the High-Class Category, which shows that safety is not guaranteed, but is likely, not carcinogenic and nongenotoxic. Therefore, the compound propelargonidin is predicted to be able to interact strongly with the tyrosinase enzyme. The results in this research are useful for further study in the development of tyrosinase enzyme inhibitors.
Spectral Analysis and In vitro Biological Activity of Cu(II) Complex with Tridentate ONO Schiff Base Ligand
Authors:   Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla, Horozić Emir
Published: October 2021

In this study, metal complex of Copper(II) with a Schiff base derived from 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione and 2-aminoethanoic acid were synthesized. The product are characterized by spectral methods. The antimicrobial activity was tested on reference bacterial strains and the antioxidant capacity was analyzed by using the DPPH and FRAP methods. The spectral data indicates that the Schiff base coordinates the Copper(II) as a tridentate ONO donor ligand. The compounds showed weaker antimicrobial activity on certain tested microorganisms. In vitro testing of antioxidant activity showed a significant reducing ability of the complex, as well as inhibitory activity against DPPH radicals.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of N-Doped TiO2/Zeolite-NaY for Methylene Blue Removal
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Palangka Raya, Muhamad Iqbal Rendy , Susanti Indri ,   Department of Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Islam Lamongan, Abdul Rachman Rahadian ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Analytical Data, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Agusta Pradana Tri ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Analytical Data, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Prasetya Toepak Erwin ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Palangka Raya
Published: October 2021

Dye is an important compound in textile industry. The famous dye for coloring of textile is methylene blue. Methylene blue degradation has been difficult when carried out naturally by microorganisms. The advanced oxidative process is a promising method to degrade methylene blue using semiconductor material TiO2 and its modification. The modification catalyst of TiO2 such as TiO2-N, TiO2/zeolite-NaY and TiO2-N/zeolite-NaY. These materials were synthesized by mixing TiO2 and urea, then followed by impregnation of the mixture to zeolite-NaY as support material. The materials have been synthesized then characterized by XRD, and FTIR. Degradation of methylene blue on the synthesized materials was tested under UV light for 5, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes. The results showed that the diffractogram of TiO-N/zeolite-NaY and TiO2/zeolite-Y has a similar spesific peak with TiO2 and zeolite-NaY. It indicates that the impregnation process was sucessfully. TiO2/zeolite-NaY and TiO2-N/zeolite-NaY also showed the excellent activity for degrading methylene blue, which reached up to 99% for 3 hours of reaction.
The Performance of Activated Carbon from Used Coffee Grounds Combined with Iron(III) Oxide under UV Light and Ultrasound for Phenol Degradation
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya, Dinira Layta , Rumhayati Barlah ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya, Wiryawan Adam ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya
Published: October 2021

Coffee consumption over the past four years has continued to increase the amount of used coffee grounds. Usually, the used coffee grounds are simply thrown away. In fact, it can still be used as other materials that are more efficient and environmentally friendly, such as activated carbon. Activated carbon can be utilized as an adsorbent to adsorb compounds that are carcinogenic and potentially last a long time in the environment, such as phenols. Phenol decomposition through chemical can be carried out by Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) which utilize hydroxyl radicals. This method used a catalyst such as iron(III) oxide under ultraviolet light. Phenol decomposition can also be carried out using ultrasound. This study presents the performance of the combination of activated carbon-catalyst with ultrasound in phenol decomposition. The results showed that the mass of the composite influenced the 0.1 M phenol degradation by the activated carbon–iron(III) oxide assisted with ultraviolet light, ultrasound, and 0.01 M hydrogen peroxide. for 45 minutes. The best degradation of phenol was obtained when 0.5 g adsorbent was applied with the adsorption capacity of phenol was 704.37 mg/g. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide also affects the decomposition of phenol in solution. From the variation of the hydrogen peroxide solution used (0.01; 0.02; and 0.03 M), the optimal concentration in degrading phenol was 0.01 M with the adsorption capacity of phenol was 393.70 mg/g.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of an Indole Alkaloid Isolated from Bebuas (Premna serratifolia)
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sience and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Muhaimin Muhaimin ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, Irhash Shalihin Muhammad ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sience and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Latief Madyawati ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sience and Technology, Universitas Jambi
Published: October 2021

Premna serratifolia known as bebuas has long been used by Malay comunity for both food and traditional medicine. The most notable advantage of this plant is to heal woman after childbirth and to raise the notion that contains anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. In this study, the hexane extract of bebuas was only contained steroids. Meanwhile the ethanol extract contained various secondary metabolites such as phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. The ethanol extract was further separated since the targeted compound isolate was an alkaloid. The isolate obtained was a yellow crystal which transformed to yellow oil after being exposed to air. The anti-inflammatory evaluation of the compound gave a result with a strong activity with ED50 = 4.06 mg/KgBW. Characterization by UV-Vis and FT-IR showed that the isolate’s spectra pattern had similarities with bufotenine. It revealed that the isolate shared the same basic skeleton with the bufotenine, especially the indole skeleton. Furthermore, it also shared the same physical form with bufotenine. These evidences strengthened the assumption that the isolate was an indole alkaloid.
Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Synthesis of Silica from Bagasse
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Loekitowati Hariani Poedji ,   Research Centre of Advanced Material and Nanocomposite, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Riyanti Fahma ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia,   Research Centre of Advanced Material and Nanocomposite, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Desneli Desneli ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Fatma Fatma ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Yunita Sabila ,   Undergraduated Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia, Said Muhammad ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia,   Research Centre of Advanced Material and Nanocomposite, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Bagasse is the solid waste derived from the sugar-making process. A large amount of silica in bagasse is a potential source of silica. In this study, extraction of silica from bagasse was carried out in the following steps: pretreatment of bagasse using HCl solution, followed by calcination at varying temperatures (700 oC, 800 oC, and 900 ℃) using a furnace. Furthermore, extraction using NaOH solution and precipitation using HCl. Silica characteristics were obtained using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM-EDS), and BET surface area. The results showed that calcination temperature affected the characteristics of the silica produced. The silica extracted at 700℃ produced an amorphous phase with a broad peak at an angle of 2θ = 20-24°. It contained the most considerable silica content and surface area, 42.46% and 796.89 cm2/g, respectively. The extracted silica had an average diameter of 5.67 mm and a pore volume of 1.184 cm3/g.
Secondary biliary cirrhosis of the liver: case from clinical practice
Authors: Statsenko I. Yu. , Myazin R. G. , Emelyanov D. N. , Sviridenko O. Yu. , Rodionova I. V. , Sviridenko A. O.
Published: October 2021

Presents a clinical case of a patient developing secondary biliary cirrhosis due to prolonged extrahepatic cholestasis caused by cholelithiasis and the presence of choledocholithiasis, which is rare. The article describes the characteristics of secondary biliary cirrhosis of the liver. The course of the disease is considered, the data of laboratory and instrumental studies carried out on the patient in various clinics are analyzed.
Comorbidity in real clinical practice - the patient with gout, cardiovascular disease and kidney damage
Authors: Kosheleva N. A. , Magdeeva N. A.
Published: October 2021

In real clinical practice more and more often doctors treat comorbid patients. The high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases with various comorbid conditions contributes to the progressive increase in the number of patients with a concurrence of several diseases. A comorbid patient is a serious problem for any clinician, since in this case it is necessary to take into account several components of therapy, which makes it difficult to control treatment efficiency, contributes to an increase in polypharmacy, the risk of local and systemic side effects of drugs, and reduces adherence to therapy. A comorbid patient is a serious problem for any clinician. The paper describes and discusses the clinical case of a comorbid patient, who admitted to the cardiological department initially but he had also rheumatological problems (gout), kidney affection.
Conflict between doctor and patient: legal consequences
Authors: Berezin I. G. , Samoilova Y. B. , Shepeleva Y. L.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the quality of medical care from the point of view of the legal consequences of conflict situations arising during the provision of medical services. The authors made an attempt to analyze the most typical conflict situations with possible legal consequences of their resolution based on examples from official sources of information.
“A doctor and teacher from God and from birth”. To the 100th anniversary from the birth of Tatiana Igorevna Zavadskaya
Authors: Terentyev V. P. , Gasanov M. Z. , Kuznetsova Yu. V.
Published: October 2021

«Each of us has a Master. The first teacher to teach us how to read and write, add numbers and solve problems. The school teachers who taught us to love the Motherland and life, make friends and cherish beauty. Life teachers who taught us the lessons of love and hate, good and evil. Apart from the number of teachers who gave us general knowledge of life, there are People who taught us the great art of healing, who gave us professional foundations, who revealed to us the secret mysteries of healing. Each of us will name dozens of such Teachers, who have invested reasonable and light in us, who have given us a piece of their soul. But among them there is the very main Teacher who was able to consider in you only the visible sprouts of knowledge, the inclinations of a future doctor, the ability to master the profession. The very main Teacher who gave you all his knowledge and experience, taught you the art of healing, which became the basis of your profession, the meaning of your whole life. Tatiana Igorevna Zavadskaya was such a teacher», — recalled one of her many students, Yuri Ivanovich Zudbinov.The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Zavadskaya T.I. - Associate Professor of the Hospital Therapy Department of the Rostov State Medical Institute, an experienced clinician, an enthusiastic scientist, a talented teacher and an outstanding personality.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Kanorskii S. G.
Published: October 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is widespread in the population and is the leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD includes a continuum from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with rapidly progressive fibrosis. NAFLD has a bidirectional relationship with components of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, increasing the risk of complications. The main causes of death in NAFLD are cardiovascular disease and extrahepatic malignancy, but advanced liver fibrosis is a key prognostic marker, and the risk of death can be assessed using a combination of non-invasive tests. There is currently no approved therapy for NAFLD, although several drugs are in advanced stages of development. An analysis of clinical studies, their meta-analyzes and literature reviews from the PubMed and MEDLINE databases was carried out for 18 keywords corresponding to the review topic, more than 5000 articles published in recent years were studied. The current understanding of epidemiology, natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk assessment, prevention and treatment of NAFLD is summarized.
In the labyrinths of pathogenesis: the environment and metamorphosis of IBD
Authors: Tkachev A. V. , Mkrtchyan L. S. , Mazovka K. E. , Bohanova E. G.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this review is to combine evidence from studies based on environmental impacts on inflammatory bowel disease. The review reflects the environmental factors influencing the incidence of IBD, and also considers the predictors that modify the course of the diseases.
Self-care and quality of life in comorbid patients with chronic coronary syndromes: is there any correlation?
Authors: Kabargina A. I. , Lopatin Yu. M.
Published: October 2021

Aim: to assess self-care skills and quality of life in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). Material and methods: the study involved 100 consecutive patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) admitted to cardiology departments. All patients admitted to the clinic underwent standard examination and treatment, taken in the management of patients with CCS. Besides, we assessed socio-demographic properties (marital status, education level, profession, disability for all reasons, income level), quality of life (using SF-36, SAQ questionnaires), levels of anxiety and depression (HADS scale), type D personality (DS-14 questionnaire), treatment adherence (Four-Item Morisky-Green-Levine medication adherence scale), Charlson comorbidity index, The Self Care of Coronary Heart Disease Inventory. Data processing was carried out using descriptive statistics, correlation and variance analysis. results: type D personality was identified in 60 patients (10.2 ± 5.6) on the scale of negative excitability, in 59 people (10.4 ± 3.7) — on the scale of social inhibition. An increased level of anxiety was found in 48 patients (7.6 ± 3.5), depression — in 49 people (7.1 ± 3.4). The average values of the physical component of the quality of life according to the SF-36 questionnaire were 36.9 ± 18.7 and 45.9 ± 19.6 points, respectively. The quality of life associated with exertional angina pectoris, according to the SAQ questionnaire, was 48.8 ± 19.7 points on the scale of limiting physical activity, 49.7 ± 28.2 points for seizure stability, and 70.5 ± 17.8 points for satisfaction with treatment. Treatment adherence according to the Morisky-Green scale was, on average, 2.6 ± 1.2 (Me: 2, [2.4]). Self-care skills on the scale A was 61.3 ± 12.2 points, on the scale B — 49.0 ± 16.2 points, on the scale C — 32.3 ± 14.5 points. In groups of CCS, significant (p <0.05) differences were found on the scales A and B. Significant differences in the self-care skills were obtained among the groups of patients with and without a history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Conclusion: the capacity for self-care skills and the quality of life of Russian comorbid patients with CCS is unsatisfactory, which requires active medical intervention and the development of tools for their effective modification.
Evaluation of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic treatment in breast cancer patients according to a local register
Authors: Subbotin A. K. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Chichkanova A. S.
Published: October 2021

objective: assess the risk of cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients and prevention options according to the Nizhny Novgorod Local Register, as well as assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, cardiovascular status and baseline cardioprotective therapy of patients included in the register depending on the stage of chemotherapy treatment. Materials and Methods: a local retrospective-prospective register of breast cancer patients receiving polychemotherapy has been created. According to the retrospective part from November 2018 to February 2020, 150 high or very high cardiovascular risk patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy treatment are included in the register. Follow-up continued for 4 or 8 courses depending on the prescribed chemotherapy regimen. Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy was assessed by echocardiography and troponin I (TnI) levels. Results: the register was dominated by patients of high (82%) and very high cardiovascular risk (18%). There were also no significant differences in therapy composition at the time patients were included in the register. After 4 courses of polychemotherapy (PCT), 28 patients (18.9%) showed objective signs of cardiotoxicity. In 22 patients (14.8%) — signs of early cardiotoxicity (18 patients — an increase in the level of TnI, 4 — the appearance of diastolic dysfunction after PCT). In 4 patients (2.7%) — the appearance of heart failure (HF) symptoms without reducing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and increasing biochemical markers. In 2 patients (1.3%), the development of symptomatic HF with low LVEF. During the follow-up in the cardiotoxicity group, cardioprotective therapy was prescribed. Against the background of the prescription of cardioprotective therapy, 16 patients (88.8%) showed normalization of the level of TnI, on average by 6 courses of PCT. Conclusions: breast cancer patients receiving polychemotherapy with anthracycline antibiotics included in the regimen have a significant risk of cardiotoxic effect, especially early biochemical cardiotoxicity. Timely prescription of cardioprotective therapy allows correcting early signs of biochemical carditoxicity and continuing chemotherapeutic treatment.
Clinical significance of the determination of natriuretic peptides in diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Krutikov E. S. , Tsvetkov V. A. , Chistyakova S. I. , Akaev R. O.
Published: October 2021

Objective: of article was to study the level of cerebral natriuretic peptide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with diastolic dysfunction and with various types of left ventricular remodeling. Materials and methods: 256 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who had moderate arterial hypertension (AH) and no clinical signs of chronic heart failure were examined. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy persons, comparable in age and sex with the examined patients. All patients were determined the concentration of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in blood plasma. The structural and functional parameters of the heart were determined by echocardiography in B- and M-modes according to the standard technique. Results: in patients with type 2 diabetes and diastolic dysfunction, the BNP concentration was 156 (84; 228) pg / ml, in patients without diastolic filling disorders — 24 (12; 38) pg / ml. The highest BNP values were found in the subgroup of patients with a restrictive type of transmitral flow. Also, BNP values were higher in the group of patients with concentric and eccentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Conclusion: in all patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant moderate hypertension, even in the absence of clinical signs of CHF, there is an increase in the BNP level compared to the control group. The highest BNP values were observed in patients with severe diastolic dysfunction and unfavorable variants of LV remodeling.
Acute kidney injury in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Arutyunov A. G. , Bashkinov R. A. , Batluk T. I. , Melnikov E. S. , Ermilova A. N.
Published: October 2021

The problem of chronic heart failure (CHF) and especially CHF with reduced ejection fraction is one of the most significant for modern healthcare systems. This is due to the high mortality rate, reduced quality of life, frequent hospitalizations and marked comorbidity of patients with this pathology. Involvement of the kidneys in the pathological process is one of the most common comorbid conditions in cardiovascular disease. There are a large number of pathogenetic mechanisms of mutually negative impact of heart failure and renal dysfunction, reflected in the concept of «Cardiorenal syndrome». Moreover, drug therapy of CHF can be one of the causes of kidney damage. Episodes of acute circulatory decompensation as well as a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are particularly threatening conditions. The aim of this review is to consolidate the international literature on the problem of acute kidney injury in patients with CHF.
Age-related characteristics of heart rate variability in patients with arterial hypertension: the effect of stress and habitual physical activity
Authors: Gorban V. V. , Kovrigina I. V. , Gorban E. V. , Menshix V. S.
Published: October 2021

Objective: identifying age-related changes in the variability of the heart rhythm (HRV) in individuals with arterial hypertension (AG) associated with psychological stress and physical activity (FA) for targeted prevention and rehabilitation. Material and methods: the survey of the main groups consisting of 37 people’s persons (26 young men and 11 girls at the age of 22,2 years) and 94 - 2nd middle age (35 men and 59 women aged 56,0 years) included: questioning, anthropometry, clinical and instrumental examination, electrocardiography, HRV monitoring. Control groups for young people (n = 72) and persons of the 2nd middle age (n = 10) were comparable with the main ones and sex. Results: the frequency of excess body and obesity, low facilities, as well as the average and high levels of psychological stress in young people with AG amounted to 51,4%, 64,1%, and 59,5%, and in middle-aged people with AG — 87,2%, 55,4% and 41,5%, respectively. With AG in persons of the 2nd middle age, in contrast to young people, HRV were characterized at a low level of psychological stress with smaller values of the parameters of SDNN, RMSSD, PNN (50) and VP, which were indicated to a smaller HRV and low parasympathetic activity and, on the contrary, higher the value of the voltage index (VI) reflecting the intensity of the control processes of the heart rhythm; with an average and high levels of stress, statistically significant differences in the above parameters were supplemented by a lower value of the triangular index, which integrally reflects the decrease in WRC. The presence of hypertension in the patients of the 2nd middle age, in contrast to young people and at a low level, and at a moderate and high levels of the FA, was accompanied by a decrease in SDNN, RMSSD, PNN (50) values, which indicated the smaller general HRV, low parasympathetic activity the vegetative nervous system; on the contrary, higher VI confirmed the participation of the central contour and the intensity of the regulation of the rhythm of the heart. Conclusion: determination of the predictors of the development of AG reflecting the general HRV, the sympathy-vagal balance and the tension of the rhythm of the heart rhythm associated with the levels of psychological stress and physical activity, as well as age, can be broadcast in an outpatient practice to designate targets of preventive and rehabilitation activities.