bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT FOR UNITS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE: ISSUES OF LEGAL REGULATION
Authors:   Kyiv Institute of the National Guard of Ukraine, Danylevskyi Andrii
Published: September 2024

On the basis of the conducted analysis, a conclusion is made about the proper normalization of the activities of the intelligence units of the National Guard of Ukraine in a special period (including during the period of martial law). During this period, units of the National Guard of Ukraine may be involved by the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine to perform military intelligence tasks and functions. In this case, the intelligence agency is the initiator of the intelligence activities, and units of the National Guard of Ukraine can conduct military intelligence at the tactical level on their own initiative. Giving the National Guard of Ukraine the powers of an intelligence agency in peacetime seems impractical, and the key to effective intelligence support during this period is to improve interaction with intelligence agencies and ways to exchange intelligence information.
FORMALIZED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE COMBAT CAPABILITY OF MILITARY UNITS
Authors:   Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University, Ivanets Hryhorii , Horielyshev Stanislav ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Ivanets Mykhailo ,   Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University
Published: September 2024

It is noted that combat readiness characterizes the ability of a military unit to perform a combat mission and is being a defining element of its combat readiness. The factors on which combat readiness depends are given. A formalized mathematical model for assessing the combat readiness of military units for performing the assigned tasks has been developed, which is being a system of analytical dependencies. A control algorithm that implements a formalized model for assessing the combat readiness of military units for performing the assigned tasks has been proposed.
PSYCHOMETRIC FEATURES OF THE EXPRESS METHODOLOGY "DETERMINATION OF THE SERVICEMEN SELF-REGULATION PECULIARITIES"
Authors:   The National academy of hte National Guard of Ukraine, Matsehora Yanina , Prykhodko Ihor ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Baida Maksym ,   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine
Published: September 2024

The article describes the standardization procedure of the express methodology "Determination of Servicemen's Self-Regulation Peculiarities." It identifies the features of professional self-regulation among servicemen, its differences, and its correlation with general self-regulation. The article also provides data on the professionalization of self-regulation in cadets and its characteristics in combatants. Additionally, it presents indicators of internal consistency of the express methodology structure (Cronbach's alpha and intercorrelation) and its validity (correlation with the scales of methods for determining servicemen's self-regulation characteristics and the style of self-regulation of behavior). The article concludes by demonstrating the expediency of its use in rehabilitation centers for servicemen who are participants of intense combat operations. The methodology was standardized for servicemen undergoing a program of psychological recovery after participation in combat operations.
Aprendizagem baseada em equipes no contexto do ensino médico
Authors: Aquino Rafael Guerra de , Costa Mardoqueu Martins da , Lima Alice Ferreira de , Martins Carmem Costa , Peres Andréia Mura , Silva Fabrício Sidnei da , Souza Thaisa Fernanda Queiroz de
Published: September 2024

Introdução: Dentre os métodos ativos de aprendizagem tem-se o TBL (Team-based Learning), que é uma estratégia educacional constituída por um conjunto de práticas sequenciadas de ensino e aprendizagem que visa promover o desenvolvimento de equipes de aprendizagem de alto desempenho e o envolvimento em tarefas de aprendizagem significativas. Objetivo: Analisar questões relacionadas à utilização do TBL no ensino médico. Metodologia: Trata-se de revisão integrativa, realizada em bases de dados indexadas, buscando artigos por meio de descritores. Utilizaram-se como critérios de inclusão estudos com publicações em nível nacional e internacional, principalmente os que abordassem a temática e atendessem a questão norteadora, visando pesquisas com foco no recorte de 2012 a 2022. Após análise foram selecionados 34 artigos, estes foram filtrados e analisados de acordo com autoria, título, ano de publicação e conteúdo, sendo escolhidos 29 para análise final, construção do referencial teórico e conclusão do estudo. Resultados: Os artigos elucidam de modo geral o funcionamento do método, bem como os relatos de experiência trazem inúmeros pontos positivos. Há unanimidade quanto a eficácia do método sob diferentes perspectivas e situações, alguns autores reforçam a importância da utilização de metodologias mistas, que combinam o TBL com diversas outras metodologias de ensino e diversos estudos relatam a satisfação no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, sobretudo quando comparado à métodos tradicionais de ensino. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os desafios a serem enfrentados na transformação do ensino médico podem ser facilitados com o aprofundamento dos estudos sobre a aplicação do método TBL, incluindo ferramentas digitais como facilitadoras do processo.
Paro cardiorespiratorio y neumonía por germen encapsulado en paciente con crisis drepanocítica. Reporte de caso
Authors: Lopez Muñoz Diego Fernando , Becerra Rodriguez Emelyn Sofia , Gómez Sanchez Andrés Felipe , Mosquera Erazo Juan Camilo , Rojas Amaya Juan David , Santos Figueroa Manuela , Urrea Oviedo Santiago
Published: September 2024

En este reporte de caso se describe el manejo de una paciente con drepanocitosis que desarrolló un paro cardiorespiratorio y neumonía causada por un germen encapsulado. La paciente fue atendida por un equipo multidisciplinario que implementó medidas de soporte vital y tratamiento antimicrobiano específico. Se destaca la importancia de la detección temprana de complicaciones en pacientes con drepanocitosis y la necesidad de un enfoque integral para su manejo. Este caso resalta la relevancia de la vigilancia estrecha y el tratamiento oportuno en situaciones críticas en pacientes con esta enfermedad hematológica. Se enfatiza la importancia de la colaboración interdisciplinaria y el seguimiento continuo para mejorar los resultados clínicos en pacientes con drepanocitosis.
Assistência qualificada ao pré-natal na prevenção da violência obstétrica em uma maternidade de alto risco
Authors: Souza Akaciane Mota , Morais Allana Tarcisa Santos , Gomes Karolyny Dias , Souza Deborah Cristina Silva , Nascimento Davi Leonel Araujo , Rodrigues Iellen Dantas Campos Verdes
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a assistência qualificada ao pré-natal na atenção básica como forma de prevenção da violência obstétrica em uma Maternidade de Alto risco. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, analítico e de abordagem quantitativa com 36 puérperas internadas em uma maternidade de alto risco que realizaram acompanhamento pré-natal na atenção básica. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista com análise do cartão de gestante e aplicação de questionário semiestruturado sobre dados sociodemográficos, obstétricos, a assistência pré-natal na atenção básica conforme recomendações do Ministério da Saúde e a identificação e formas de prevenção da violência obstétrica. Resultados: No que concerne a identificação da violência obstétrica constatou-se um percentual significativo (66,67%) de puérperas que relataram pelo menos uma violência obstétrica vivenciada durante a assistência recebida no parto. Percebeu-se que a identificação da violência obstétrica apresentou uma correlação fraca, porém significativa, inversamente proporcional com a adequação de número de consultas e das orientações do pré-natal. O conhecimento da violência obstétrica foi correlacionado moderadamente e muito significativamente à adequação do início do pré-natal e correlacionada fracamente e de forma significativa à orientação sobre a violência obstétrica. Considerações finais: Pode-se concluir que existe correlação entre a identificação da violência obstétrica e a adequada assistência pré-natal em relação ao número de consultas e as orientações no pré-natal, a partir da visibilidade dos casos podem ser subsidiadas novas estratégias e políticas para atuar na prevenção da violência obstétrica.
Influência terapêutica da Sonata K448 de Mozart na atenuação de memórias aversivas e na recordação da memória de medo ao estímulo sonoro em camundongos machos
Authors: Silva Tainara de Faria , Rabello Maressa Mouty , Medrado Hiago Lopes , Trzesniak Clarissa Maria Ferreira , Faria Rodolfo Souza de
Published: September 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da Sonata K448 de Mozart no processo de recordação de memórias aversivas ao estímulo sonoro em camundongos machos. Foram utilizados 12 camundongos fêmeas prenhas da linhagem C57BL/6J, divididas em três grupos: o Grupo Mozart, exposto à Sonata K448; o Grupo Ambiente, exposto a som ambiente; e o Grupo Controle, também exposto ao som ambiente. A prole masculina foi mantida com as mães até o 30° dia de vida e, após o desmame, continuou a exposição sonora até o 81° dia. O processo incluiu habituação e condicionamento com choques nas patas associados a estímulos sonoros, seguido de um Teste de Extinção por 12 dias consecutivos, onde os camundongos foram colocados na câmara experimental sem receber choques. A análise comportamental dos camundongos focou no congelamento como medida de memória para extinção. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos Mozart, Ambiente e Controle no teste de recordação da memória aversiva. Os valores médios de congelamento também foram similares entre os grupos, sugerindo ausência de efeito da Sonata K448 na modulação da recordação de memórias de medo. Concluímos que, embora a Sonata K448 de Mozart não tenha mostrado efeitos significativos na recordação da memória de medo, a música continua a ser um campo promissor na modulação cognitiva e emocional. Estudos futuros devem explorar diferentes gêneros musicais, tempos de exposição e intervenções combinadas para elucidar o potencial terapêutico da música na recordação de memórias traumáticas e na saúde mental.
Impacto da resistência antimicrobiana em animais de produção: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Chaves Lídia Ketry Moreira , Sousa Lavínia Soares de , Santos Andreia Oliveira , Rodrigues Igor Bernardes , Melo Filho Janilson Olegário de , Ribeiro Lucas Correa , Waterloo Mateus de Melo Lima
Published: September 2024

A resistência antimicrobiana (RAM) é um desafio crescente na medicina veterinária e na saúde pública, agravado pelo uso excessivo ou inadequado de antimicrobianos em animais de produção. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os efeitos da resistência antimicrobiana (RAM) em animais de produção. O uso de antimicrobianos e as consequências da resistência bacteriana na produção de animais são examinados neste estudo. A metodologia envolveu a pesquisa de artigos científicos, revisões e relatórios em bases de dados como PubMed, Scielo e ScienceDirect para se concentrar em palavras-chave relacionadas ao uso de antimicrobianos e resistência bacteriana. Foi incluída regulamentação internacional e pesquisa realizada por organizações como a OMS e a OIE. Os resultados mostram que o uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos em animais, seja para tratamento, prevenção ou promoção do crescimento, leva ao desenvolvimento de cepas resistentes, que dificultam o tratamento de infecções. A resistência antimicrobiana é um problema no Brasil na produção de leite, avicultura e suinocultura. Produtos alternativos aos antimicrobianos, como probióticos e fitoterápicos, estão sendo estudados para minimizar os efeitos da RAM sem prejudicar a produtividade. O descobrimento de mecanismos de resistência e o controle da propagação de patógenos são facilitados por tecnologias como a Sequência do Genoma Completo (WGS). A RAM é um desafio crescente que exige regulamentações rígidas, práticas adequadas de manejo e o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias para garantir a saúde pública e a segurança alimentar.
Osteodistrofia fibrosa por hiperparatireoidismo secundário renal em cão adulto da raça Shih Tzu: Relato de caso
Authors: Coutinho Alysson Guedes , Veríssimo Anna Karolyna do Nascimento , Santos Cristiane Multini Mineli dos , Pereira Rosyris Prudêncio Diniz , Gomes Jéssica Vitória Oliveira , Vasconcelos Jefesson Heleno Brito , Vasconcelos Jackson Suélio de
Published: September 2024

Na Medicina Veterinária, a osteodistrofia fibrosa, também conhecida como “mandíbula de borracha”, é a principal lesão ocasionada por hiperparatireoidismo secundário. Esta enfermidade não é considerada comum, e tende a acometer principalmente animais jovens, em fase de crescimento, ou aqueles com quadro de doença renal crônica avançada. Para a confirmação dessa doença são necessários exames físico e complementares como indicadores da função renal e exames de imagem. O tratamento depende do estágio da doença renal que irá influenciar diretamente no tempo de sobrevida do paciente. Diante do exposto o presente trabalho objetiva relatar um caso de osteodistrofia fibrosa por hiperparatireoidismo secundário renal em cão adulto da raça Shih Tzu.
Clinical characteristics of the phenomenon of pain in osteoarthritis
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Anikin D. Yu. , Isaenko L. P. ,   Viveya Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Otteva E.N. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: September 2024

To date, the problem of pain and the fight against it is very relevant for medicine in general. It is of particular importance in rheumatology, neurology and anesthesiology. The pain syndrome is a leading manifestation of the vast majority of diseases of the bone muscular system, the main cause of disability and reducing the quality of life of patients. The article has a characteristic of pain in 131 patients suffering from osteatrite, taking into account the identified phenotypes of the disease: inflammatory, metabolic and osteoporotic.
Cold stress, heart failure, and esophageal occlusion cause the death of a West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus in Alabama, USA
Authors: Western JL , Hieb EE , Russell ML , Díaz Clark C , Rotstein DS , Perry SM , Ingrisano A , Carmichael RH , Stacy NI , Bloodgood JCG
Published: September 2024

Cold stress is the leading cause of mortality in West Indian manatees Trichechus manatus in the northcentral Gulf of Mexico. This report describes an adult male manatee that stranded alive with signs of cold stress in Alabama (USA) waters in January 2022 and died during the rescue intervention. Postmortem examination and histopathologic review revealed multiple contributors to death. While the animal had evidence of cold stress syndrome, there was aortic stenosis and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy as well as an esophageal foreign body (plastic bag). Main findings from blood analysis indicated systemic inflammation and possible disseminated intravascular coagulation. Histopathologic findings from the cardiovascular system included aortic fibromuscular dysplasia, mitral and tricuspid valve endocardiosis, left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, and right myocardial atrophy. A cause of the cardiovascular findings was not determined. This report is the first to document a case of cold stress syndrome complicated by aortic stenosis and esophageal occlusion in this species.
Choosing well for children's futures: An empirical-ethics study on decision-making for pediatric genomic sequencing
Authors:   , Cornelis Candice Ilona
Published: September 2024

Massively parallel sequencing techniques, such as whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing map a large portion of a person’s DNA all at once. This stands in sharp contrast to previous genetic techniques that only analyze single or small groups of genes. In a clinical context this makes it is possible to reach a diagnosis much faster and cost-effective. However, the fact that these technologies look at such a large portion of a person’s DNA, is not only where the advantages come from, but also where certain moral questions arise. As a result of the vast amount of data that is collected, there is always a possibility of revealing incidental findings that can have far-reaching consequences for patients’ and their families.

Such findings include disease-causing variants for various kinds of disorders with: differing symptoms; varying gradations of (preventive) medical “actionability” or even no medical treatment options; and ages of manifestation (child- versus adult-onset). Relatives can have different interests in knowing or not knowing such information that may conflict with one another. Especially in child cases, questions concerning incidental findings become even more complex, since children are not able to make decisions for themselves and parents must decide for their child.

Currently there is much divergence in how informed consent procedures and return of incidental results policies ought to be structured. This dissertation presents findings from qualitative research regarding the experiences of parents and children for making choices about sequencing and possible incidental findings. These results are combined with ethical reflection to devise concrete policy recommendations so that the use of sequencing techniques is morally responsible.
The seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: September 2024

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in hidden dimensions, which provides the basis and background for gravitational force. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is viewed as a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, making the universe seven dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space, and the respective energy density is related to the Hubble parameter H(z), which explains the accelerated expansion of the universe and the increase in the relative cosmological potential energy/rest mass of matter. Expansion of space-time is considered not due to the creation of the new space but due to the stretching of the existing space-time itself like an elastic ruler where the proper length and volume remain constant. The relative values of the Planck constant, gravitational constant, permittivity of free space, and Boltzmann constant are shown to vary owing to the expansion or contraction of space in the cosmological and gravitational frameworks but are compensated for by the proportional change in the relative rest mass. This theory also builds a preliminary framework for the relativistic Newtonian theory of gravity, the respective MONDian (Modified Newtonian dynamics) gravity, and explains the dynamics of galaxy clusters without dark matter.
The theory of Quantum Gravity and deriving the Quantum Gravitational Constant Matrix: Expanding the Model of Unified Framework for Space-Time Fabric Formation from the space chunks and it's interaction with mass to emit gravitational waves.
Authors: Shekhar Sushant
Published: September 2024

In this new version of the paper we have derived the general structure of universal gravitational operator G^ and a novel Quantum Gravitational Constant G_Q, a matrix formulation that governs gravitational interactions at quantum scales, and apply it to the new gravitational force formula which acts due to the gravitational field. To solve this, gravitational waves data has been fetched out from the GW150914 event detected on 14 September 2015 by LIGO (The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory in Han- ford Observatory, Livingston) using Python libraries. Upon solving the value of gravitation force we came to a know that the quantum gravitational constant is a matrix. We have plotted the structure of this matrix through graph using the python codes. It revealed a highly interconnected system that reflects the non-linear and dense nature of quantum gravity. This approach provides a new quantum description of gravitational forces, helping to bridge the gap between quantum mechanics and general relativity. Our exploration of space-time fabric formation and its interaction with mass and quantum gravity uncovers insights into the fundamental nature of the universe, paving the way for deeper investigations into theoretical physics and cosmology.
How to search for meteorites, and what to do when we find it.
Authors: Garcia Jose
Published: September 2024

Since 1986, interest in recovering meteorites in the planet's great deserts has spread to such an extent that today many teams of searchers spend entire days there, chasing rocks that have fallen from space. Although important specimens have occasionally been recovered, most of the pieces collected in the field are simple terrestrial rocks. In this work we carry out a study and propose the appropriate system for knowing how to search for meteorites and what to do when we find them. Systematizing field work will make new discoveries increase their value considerably when they are properly treated and classified.
Classification of ELEMAY 001, the fourth IIIAB-anomalous meteorite ever known.
Authors: Garcia Jose
Published: September 2024

Iron meteorites make up just over 6% of classified meteorites. They are interesting and rare specimens, however they have proven easy to find based on their particularities. Their majority composition of iron makes them easily detectable with metal detectors and magnets. In this paper we explain the discovery and classification of Elemay 001, the fourth known III AB anomalous type meteorite, classified 54 years after the last of this type. This fact motivates writing this work with which to know the secrets of Elemay 001.
Exploring Filipino Students’ Critical Thinking Skills: Basis for Enhancement of Science Laboratory Class Delivery
Authors:   University of Santo Tomas, Lansangan Ryan , Orleans Antriman ,   Philippine Normal University
Published: September 2024

In today’s knowledge-based and rapidly changing society, developing students’ critical thinking skills in instruction is a vital concern in almost all science curricula. To acquire meaningful learning, learners need to develop skills in choosing suitable information, gauging the integrity of information, and crafting sound decisions. With this, creating learning spaces that stimulate critical thinking has become a challenge among educators. This study aims to explore the critical thinking profile of Filipino students in science laboratory classes as a means of generating insight for possible curricular enhancement. Utilizing a quantitative descriptive research design, a survey was administered to 300 junior high school students under K to 12 curricula. Results revealed that openness to different ideas is the most practiced aspect of critical thinking among Filipino students, while the planning and organization of information disclosed as the least. Furthermore, the importance of gathering information to support position is the most agreed factor, while the strategies in thinking of a problem in an experiment are the least. Hence, findings suggest that the necessary facets of critical thinking strategies should be explicitly articulated in the science curriculum framework, especially encapsulating it in the content and performance standards.
Science Teachers’ Beliefs on Science Teaching and Learning for Implementing in STEM Education
Authors:   Chiba University of Commerce, Yoshida Miku , Sølberg Jan ,   University of Copenhagen
Published: September 2024

STEM, STEAM education is important for building a better future, and teachers have a key role in attracting students to the field of STEM. However, when teachers need to shift from traditional disciplinary-based education to integrated STEM education, they often find this transition challenging. This difficulty arises because their beliefs about science teaching and learning are deeply rooted in traditional disciplinary-based approaches. Beliefs have a profound influence on their teaching practises as well as their professional development, even though teachers are often not conscious of their own beliefs. To address this issue, we employed a phenomenological approach to investigate the phenomena when their beliefs espoused by asking formative episodes that influenced their development as science teachers. This study aimed at exploring the current subject-specific beliefs of in-service science teachers. This told us how best to guide teachers through this process of the transition from traditional disciplinary-based education to STEM education. Our findingsrevealed that teachers’ beliefs showed that curiosity and/or interest towards science to be the most important factors in student learning. This indicates that while teachers’ core beliefs are not entirely disciplinary-oriented, they are more open. It would reduce their anxiety and low self-efficacy in conveying STEM education.
Novel spirooxindole-triazole derivatives: unveiling [3+2] cycloaddition reactivity through molecular electron density theory and investigating their potential cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines
Authors: Shawish Ihab , Al Ayoubi Samha , El-Faham Ayman , Aldalbahi Ali , El-Senduny Fardous F. , Badria Farid A. , Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Hammud Hassan H. , Ashraf Sajda , Ul-Haq Zaheer , Barakat Assem
Published: September 2024

A novel analogue of hybrid spirooxindoles was synthesized employing a systematic multistep synthetic approach. The synthetic protocol was designed to obtain a series of spirooxindole derivatives incorporating triazolyl-s-triazine framework via [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of azomethine ylide (AY) with the corresponding chalcones (6a-d). Unexpectedly, the reaction underwent an alternate route, leading to the cleavage of the s-triazine moiety and yielding a series of spirooxindole derivatives incorporating a triazole motif. A comprehensive investigation of the 32CA reaction mechanism was conducted using Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT). The viability of all compounds was evaluated through an MTT assay, and the IC50 values were determined using Prism Software. The antiproliferative efficacy of the synthesized chalcones and the corresponding spirooxindole derivatives was assessed against two cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer) and HepG2 (human hepatoma). These findings were compared with Sorafenib, which was used as a positive control. The results revealed that chalcones (6c and 6d) were the most active among the tested chalcones, with IC50 values of 7.2 ± 0.56 and 7.5 ± 0.281 µM for (6c) and of 11.1 ± 0.37 and 11.0 ± 0.282 µM for (6d), against MDA-MB-231 and HepG2, respectively. Spirooxindoles (9b, 9c, 9h, and 9i) exhibited the highest activity with IC50 values ranging from 16.8 ± 0.37 µM to 31.3 ± 0.86 µM against MDA-MB-231 and 13.5 ± 0.92 µM to 24.2 ± 0.21 µM against HepG2. In particular, spirooxindole derivatives incorporating 2,4-dichlorophenyl moiety were the most active, with an IC50 of 16.8 ± 0.37 µM for (9h) against MDA-MB-23 and 13.5 ± 0.92 µM for (9i) against HepG2. Interestingly, the IC50 of compound (6c) (7.2 µM) exhibited better activity than that of Sorafenib (positive control) (9.98 µM) against MDA-MB-231. Molecular docking, ADMET, and molecular dynamic simulations were conducted for the promising candidates (6b, 6c, and 9h) to explore their binding affinity in the EGFR active site.
Trends and hotspots on the relationship between gut microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Hao Xiaogang , Chen Chunhai , Zhai Chao , Pan Ting , Zhou Xue , Liu Yang , Wu Dalong , Chen Xinhua
Published: September 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Recent evidence has highlighted a complex relationship between the gut microbiota (GM) and PD. Understanding this relationship is crucial for potentially targeting GM in PD treatment and expanding therapeutic options. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the global landscape, trends, and research focus on GM and PD using bibliometric analysis. Utilizing publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WsSCC), bibliometric tools such as the R package ‘Bibliometrix,’ VOS viewer, and CiteSpace software were employed to assess parameters like yearly publications, countries/regions, institutions, and authors. Research trends and hotspots were identified through keyword analysis. The results revealed 1,161 articles published between 2013-2023, with China leading in publications (n=352, 30.31% of total), while the United States had a higher influence (H-index=58). The University of California System was the top institution in terms of publications (n=35), with the National Natural Science Foundation of China funding the most projects (n=172). Keshavarzian A and Sampson TR were the authors with the highest publication and co-citation counts, respectively. The International Journal of Molecular Sciences had the most articles published (n=48). Keyword analysis identified parkinson’s disease, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, inflammation, and probiotics as main research topics. Biomarkers, ketogenic diet, and NF-κB were recent research hotspots and trends (2021-2023). The current study conducts an objective and comprehensive analysis of these publications, identifying trends and hotspots in the field of research. The findings offer valuable insights to scholars globally and in-vestigate potential therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s Disease.
Fecal microbiota transplantation in a patient with chronic diarrhea and primary and secondary immunodeficiency (common variable immunodeficiency and splenectomy)
Authors: Napiórkowska-Baran Katarzyna , Biliński Jarosław , Pujanek Małgorzata , Hałakuc Paweł , Pietryga Antoni , Szymczak Bartłomiej , Deptuła Aleksander , Rosada Tomasz , Bartuzi Zbigniew
Published: September 2024

The gut microbiota serves a crucial role in the development of host immunity. Immunocompromised patients are particularly vulnerable to dysbiosis not only by virtue of a defect in the immune system but also due to increased susceptibility to infection and multiple courses of antibiotic therapy. Fecal microbiota transplantation is by far the most effective option for restoring gastrointestinal homeostasis. However, it is contraindicated in patients with significant primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. This article presents the case of a 59-year-old patient with common variable immunodeficiency, after splenectomy at age 39 for primary immune thrombocytopenia, who manifested diarrhea of up to 10 stools per day accompanied by secondary malnutrition and cachexia. The patient was admitted to the hospital on multiple occasions due to this condition, with stool PCR tests confirming a HHV-5 (Cytomegalovirus, CMV) infection. Following the administration of valganciclovir, the patient’s complaints diminished, although, upon cessation of the drug, the symptoms recurred. In addition, the patient had an intestinal infection with C. difficile etiology. Given that the patient’s therapeutic options had been exhausted, after obtaining informed consent from the patient and approval from the bioethics committee to conduct a medical experiment, treatment of diarrhea was undertaken by fecal microbiota transplantation with the certified preparation Mbiotix HBI from the Human Biome Institute. The patient underwent two transplants, with a one-week interval between them. The initial procedure was performed using the endoscopic method, while the subsequent was conducted using the capsule method. Following the administration of the applied treatment, the patient’s symptoms were successfully alleviated, and no adverse effects were observed. A microbiological analysis of the intestinal microbiota was conducted prior to and following transplantation via next-generation sequencing (NGS). No recurrence of symptoms was observed during the two-year follow-up period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fecal microbiota transplantation in an adult patient with primary and secondary immunodeficiency.
Risk factors for postoperative DVT exacerbation or new DVT in patients with spinal cord injury complicated with cervical fracture
Authors: Wang Haiying , Lv Bing , Li Wei , Xu Jingjing , Ma Ce
Published: September 2024

Objective

To investigate the dynamic changes of perioperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with spinal cord injury complicated with cervical fracture and analyze the risk factors of postoperative DVT exacerbation or new DVT.

Methods

From January 2018 to December 2023, a total of 232 patients with spinal cord injury complicated with cervical fracture in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Ultrasonography of both lower limbs was performed before and after surgery. According to whether there was aggravation of DVT or new thrombosis, the group was divided into DVT exacerbation or new DVT group and non-DVT exacerbation group. Clinical data were used to study the dynamic changes of perioperative DVT. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to explore the risk factors.

Results

The DVT was found in 47 patients before surgery, including 26 cases of distal thrombus, 14 cases of mixed thrombus and 7 cases of proximal thrombus. Postoperative DVT increased to 81, including 31 distal thrombus, 35 mixed thrombus and 15 proximal thrombus. A total of 53 patients (22.8%, 53/232) experienced postoperative DVT exacerbation or new DVT. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score, time from injury to surgery, surgery time and blood loss were risk factors for postoperative DVT exacerbation.

Conclusions

In patients with spinal cord injury complicated with cervical fracture, the risk of postoperative DVT exacerbation is very high. Age, ASIA score A-B, time from injury to surgery, surgery time and blood loss were risk factors for postoperative DVT exacerbation or new DVT.
Failure mechanism of loess landslide induced by water stagnation on the combined surface
Authors: Hou Dayong , Zeng Farong , Deng Junfeng , Wei Huan , Xu Rui
Published: September 2024

In order to reveal the destructive mechanism of loess landslide induced by stagnant water on the combined surface, and to clarify the influence of the main control factors, this paper takes a typical loess landslide in northern Shaanxi as the research object, analyzes the structure of the rock and soil body, and the excavation and filling construction through the geohazard survey, and analyzes the process of traction sliding caused by the stagnant water on the combined surface at the different stages of the project by combining with the calculation of the stability of the slope body. Further the article analyses the process of traction sliding caused by water on the combined area due to construction by means of a discrete element model, and delves into the mechanism of strength reduction of saturated loess. The results show that: 1) the combined surface stagnant water type loess landslide has the characteristics of sudden sliding and rapid evolution, which is highly hazardous and difficult to prevent and control; 2) the slope destabilization is controlled by the engineering geological conditions, and the slope excavation changes the original mechanical equilibrium conditions of the slope, which provides the dynamic conditions for the traction sliding of the slope; 3) the change of the hydrogeological environment results in the obstruction of the natural drainage channel, which leads to the formation of continuous sliding surface due to stagnant water on the combined surface, and the formation of a continuous sliding surface due to stagnant water on the combined surface. Surface stagnant water to form a continuous slippery surface, inducing the overall destabilization of the slope damage; 4) loess strength index with the increase of saturation and the exponential function form of reduction, and when the saturation degree reaches more than 80%, the strength index of the soil body to reach the basic stability. The article expanding the ideas of landslide control and analysis, and the research results will provide a theoretical basis for the design of junction landslide management in the loess areas of northern Shaanxi.
The association of physical activity with kidney function risk among adults with long working hours
Authors: Yan Tenglong , Nabi Subat , Liu Xiaodong , Zeng Bangzhao , Song Xin , Ding Xiaowen , Hu Binshuo
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Long working hours are likely associated with the decreased of kidney function, while physical activity (PA) was linked to improvements in kidney function. However, whether PA can offset the negative impact of long working hours on kidney function was unclear, which is the focus of this study.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted. Three approaches were adopted to distinguish the association between long working hours and regular working hours. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) was assessed by a structured questionnaire. eGFR and chronic kidney disease (CKD) or not were utilized to evaluate the kidney function. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between weekly working hours, PA, and kidney function.

Results

A total of 18,431 adults were enrolled in this study, including 9981 males (54.2%) and 8450 females (45.8%). The average eGFR was (99.54 ± 17.55 mL/min/1.73 m2). The people worked more than 40 h/wk (98.89 ± 17.06 mL/min/1.73 m2) had lower eGFR compared to those worked less than 40 h/wk (99.93 ± 17.83 mL/min/1.73 m2) (p < 0.05). Individuals working longer hours exhibited lower eGFR (β = -0.772, 95% CI: -1.241, -0.303, for > 40 h/wk compared to working ≤ 40 h/wk). Engagement in moderate to vigorous PA was associated with higher eGFR values (β = 1.159, 95% CI: 0.699, 1.619) compared to low PA (< 150 minutes/wk), but this association did not reach statistical significance for the prevalence of CKD. Furthermore, PA was insufficient to reverse the decline of eGFR related to prolonged working hours.

Discussion

Prolonged working hours were associated with a decline in eGFR, while PA was found to have a protective effect on kidney function. However, PA alone may not fully mitigate the negative impact of prolonged working hours on renal health. More robust measures to protect renal function should be implemented to mitigate the damage caused by prolonged working hours.
The role of anatomical and functional orientation in identification of parathyroid glands for patients with parathyroidectomy
Authors: Zhou Peng , Xu Jing , Guo Yinghao , Chen Lanqing , Liu Yongxiang , Guo Haonan , Shao Changxiu , He Qingqing
Published: September 2024

Objective

To investigate diagnostic approaches for preoperative localization of secondary hyperparathyroidism, as well as to give surgeons with precise parathyroid gland localization and imaging so that surgery can be performed safely.

Methods

The clinical data of 710 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent surgery in our center from October 2009 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes in calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone levels were observed to ascertain the anatomical location and number of parathyroid glands.

Results

Among the 710 patients, 55 underwent total parathyroidectomy, the others underwent total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation. In total, 2,658 parathyroid glands were removed, with 43 glands being removed in 35 reoperation cases. The median parathyroid hormone level at 6 months postoperatively was 13.40 (interquartile range, 7.00-29.80) pg/mL. The detection rates of the parathyroid glands before first and repeat surgeries were higher using 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging than ultrasound (P<0.05). The sensitivity of combined preoperative 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT and ultrasound was 92.31%, higher than that of either 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging or ultrasound alone (P < 0.05). The incidence of ectopic parathyroid glands was 23.8%, and the incidence of ectopic left lower parathyroid glands was 13.2%. The left lower parathyroid gland was the most prone to ectopia.

Conclusion

99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging, paired with high-frequency ultrasound, can be utilized to diagnose SHPT preoperatively. The most common ectopia site is the left lower parathyroid gland, which is located primarily in the thymus and superior mediastinum. Understanding the functional anatomical distribution of the parathyroid glands is critical for developing effective surgical methods for secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Digital light processing of yttria-stabilized zirconia: Modeling photoinitiator decay
Authors: Harris Brennan , Post Guillen Donna , Monson Asa , Sampson Jonathan
Published: September 2024

A digital process was developed to facilitate additive manufacturing for ceramic materials using digital light processing (DLP). A numerical model that predicts DLP sample properties can be generated from manufacturing inputs to forecast the effect of resin age on mechanical strength of the printed part based on data collected from experiments. Key parameters for printing the green bodies included determining the depth of cure, layer thickness, material composition, and solids loading. Thermogravimetric analyses were used to develop debinding and sintering curves. Debinding is used to remove the volatile organics comprising the photopolymer resin. Sintering is performed after debinding to increase density and mechanical strength of the printed parts. The sintered parts were then subjected to characterization and mechanical testing. The ensemble of data for various DLP-printed ceramic materials were added to a database. A design of experiments can be generated from the manufacturing process defined in the database with selected changeable parameters randomized over a range. Because the database is defined with an architecture to capture manufacturing processes, it can persist as a more generic platform for manufacturing digital twins. This can ease the development of future digital twins and can grow as a common repository for the insights gained from manufacturing research. Creating a digital twin of a DLP system for 3D printing parts enables manufacturers to simulate and assess the impact of resin age on printing parameters and part quality, facilitating optimization, predictive maintenance, and cost reduction.
Renewable generation forecasting with DNN-based ensemble method in electricity scheduling
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhao Lin , Yi Zhongkai , Zhang Jihai , Xiang Wen , Shao Jingwei , Zhang Qirui
Published: September 2024

The generation of renewable energy encounters numerous obstacles, chiefly the unpredictability of renewable sources. When new energy generation prediction is lower than expected, it needs to be supplemented by other energy sources, which may lead to instability in the power grid if the deviation is large. When the prediction of new energy generation exceeds expectations, it will lead to energy waste. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Deep Neural Network-based fusion framework, which can improve the prediction accuracy of new energy and achieve a low-carbon, economical, and stable power grid. Within this structure, feature engineering is conducted initially. Subsequently, a combination of traditional tree algorithms like the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, linear approaches such as the Least Squares Method, and nonlinear neural networks, for instance, Recurrent Neural Networks, are employed for individual model regression purposes. In the final step, both the original time-series data and the outcomes from the individual models are integrated into a deep neural network to derive the ultimate forecasting outcomes. By using our method, the electricity cost has been reduced by 26.5% and the carbon emissions have been decreased by 14.2%. Experiments have been carried out using actual community data, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The findings indicate that the integration of DNN with traditional and modern machine learning techniques can significantly improve the forecasting of renewable energy generation. This advancement contributes to the creation of a more sustainable, economical, and stable power grid.
Unlocking the secrets of NPSLE: the role of dendritic cell-secreted CCL2 in blood-brain barrier disruption
Authors: Wang Lei , Zheng Guimin , Wang Peiwen , Jia Xiuchuan
Published: September 2024

Background

This study employed RNA-seq technology and meta-analysis to unveil the molecular mechanisms of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) within the central nervous system.

Methods

Downloaded transcriptomic data on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed differential genes in peripheral blood samples of NPSLE patients and healthy individuals. Employed WGCNA to identify key genes related to cognitive impairment and validated findings via RNA-seq. Conducted GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses, and integrated PPI networks to explore gene regulatory mechanisms. Assessed gene impacts on dendritic cells and blood-brain barrier using RT-qPCR, ELISA, and in vitro models.

Results

Public databases and RNA-seq data have revealed a significant upregulation of CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) in the peripheral blood of both SLE and NPSLE patients, primarily secreted by mature dendritic cells. Furthermore, the secretion of CCL2 by mature dendritic cells may act through the RSAD2-ISG15 axis and is associated with the activation of the NLRs (Nod Like Receptor Signaling Pathway) signaling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. Subsequent in vitro cell experiments confirmed the high expression of CCL2 in peripheral blood dendritic cells of NPSLE patients, with its secretion being regulated by the RSAD2-ISG15 axis and inducing vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis through the activation of the NLRs signaling pathway. Clinical trial results ultimately confirmed that NPSLE patients exhibiting elevated CCL2 expression also experienced cognitive decline.

Conclusions

The secretion of CCL2 by dendritic cells induces pyroptosis in vascular endothelial cells, thereby promoting blood-brain barrier damage and triggering cognitive impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.