bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State of Art for Dynamic interaction of High Speed Bullet Train Load for Cable Stayed Bridge
Authors: Variyavwala J.P. , Desai A.K.
Published: December 2022

Cable stayed bridge (CSB) is the center of attraction among all bridges due to aesthetic appearance and structural integrity. Earlier CSB used only for pedestrian and vehicular loads but with time passes it uses more intended towards mass transportation. When a bridge is designed to serve such heavy and rapid load; it should be analyzed for such load intensity. The question is how this high-speed rail load should be applied? The trainload is applied to bridge structure by different approaches by different researchers. In this article, a state of art for high-speed train load applications is discussed.
MR Tuned Liquid Colum Damper (MR-TLCD) for Seismic Vibration Control
Authors: Roychowdhury D. , Gur S.
Published: December 2022

Seismic vibration control of flexible structure is an important aspect which mostly involves reduction of structure displacement via application of passive damper or mass dampers. Present study focuses on the seismic vibration control of flexible structure against random earthquake, through modified (using MR fluid) tuned liquid column damper (TLCD), known as the MR-TLCD. To this end, stochastic structural response analysis has been performed and results (structure displacement ratio and liquid displacement) are compared with conventional the TLCD. To establish the superior control efficiency of MR-TLCD over conventional TLCD, parametric study has been performed considering wide range of damper, structure, and earthquake loading parameters. Study results shows the existence of optimal value of tuning ratio, head loss coefficient, and yield shear strength of MR fluid of MR-TLCD which minimizes the structure displacement ratio, i.e. maximizes the control efficiency. Another important observation is that, for similar level of control efficiency MR-TLCD requires much less value of mass ratio than that of TLCD, and also at same time it keeps the liquid displacement much less compared to the TLCD, for same value of mass ratio. This aspect increases the applicability of MR-TLCD over TLCD for vibration control of the flexible structure. In comparison to the TLCD, MR-TLCD provides 17 % to 43 % higher structural displacement control efficiency and reduces liquid displacement by 14 % to 45 %.
Effect of Reinforcement in Energy Absorption Characteristics of Honeycomb Structures Under Blast Loading
Authors: Shirbhate P.A. , Goel M.D.
Published: December 2022

During recent decades demand for cellular structures has increased due to raised concern for protection of important buildings and components from blast loads. These types of cellular materials possess important features that includes less weight, higher energy absorption capabilities, higher strength to weight ratio in comparison with monolithic counterpart. Cellular material includes honeycomb, corrugated, web type structure, open and closed cell metal foam etc. However, in the present investigation, honeycomb sandwich panel are rein forced and are analysed for blast response mitigation. Further, obtained response of reinforced honeycomb structure is compared with the conventional honeycomb sandwich panel on the basis of mass. The Finite Element (FE) software LS-DYNA®, commonly used for dynamic explicit analysis, is used for numerical simulation and blast response investigation. Total three different reinforced configurations are developed and compared with conventional honeycomb i.e. honeycomb without any reinforcement. From FE analysis, it is noticed that reinforcing the honeycomb structure enhances the energy absorption capabilities significantly due to reinforcement which in turns increases the density of honeycombs.
Blast Mitigations of Mid rise structural systems by using Base Isolations
Authors: Kiran K.K. , Kori JagadishG. , Gowda K.Krishne
Published: December 2022

Shelter is a basic need for living creatures. The shelter should be safe and secure. The damage of the shelter occurs due to natural hazards and manmade activities. Natural hazards such as earthquake, volcanic eruptions, landslides, flood, etc. Manmade activities may be accidental or intentional. Accidental activities include, internal explosions such as chemical reactions occurring at nuclear power plants, mining, rock cutting etc, gas explosions leakage etc. Hence while designing the structure, additional precautions and considerations should be taken to resist the unpredictable load. Boatload is a dynamic and impulse loads. The earth load occurs in seconds, In the height of the structures force are distributed and is proportion to mass concentrations, the blast load occurs in milli seconds that is one thousand shorter than the earthquake load and magnitude and locations of the blast load rather than mass the force is concentrated. In the present study Five storey structural system exposed to blast load is considered. MATLAB simulation technique is used in the analysis of the Five storey structural The load is acting on the structural system are calculated. Base isolations method is one the recent method is used to reduce the response of the structural system. The semi active control system is used in the analysis. The response is reduced by considerable amount by using Base isolation.
Application of agriculture and an industrial by-product as a supplementary cementitious material in binary and ternary blended concrete
Authors: Palaskar S.M. , Vesmawala G.R.
Published: December 2022

The production of ordinary Portland cement [OPC] causes an environmental imbalance of nature by consuming the natural resources and releasing a very high amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Therefore it is necessary to find the substitute to cement. Bagasse ash from sugar industries and slag from steel industries are the waste product which is utilized as the supplementary cementitious materials. In this study, sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are used to replace cement partially. The fresh and harden properties find out for the M25 grade of concrete. The experimental outcome reveals that binary concrete with 15% bagasse ash and ternary concrete with 20% bagasse ash and 5% slag had maximum strength.
Semi-Analytical Finite Element Method for the Analysis of Guided Wave Dispersion in the Pre-stressed Composite Plates
Authors: Kalgutkar AkshayPrakash , Banerjee Sauvik
Published: December 2022

Ultrasonic guided wave techniques offer an accurate and efficient procedure for damage monitoring in the structures. To develop reliable damage monitoring systems, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the quantitative nature of ultrasonic guided waves that can be transmitted in composite laminates. In the present paper, the Semi-Analytical Finite Element (SAFE) method is employed due to its efficiency in the treatment of wave propagation problems involving complex materials and geometry. SAFE method is considered for the analysis of dispersion behaviour of guided waves in composite laminates by accounting the effect of in-plane load. The present study considers an infinite width plate such that the cross-section of the waveguide is modelled using 3 noded isoparametric 1-D elements representing the thickness of the plate. Equation of motion is formulated by using Hamilton’s equation. Finally, various parametric studies are carried out. The study includes analysing the effect of wave velocity in the plate subjected to applied in-plane load, and understanding the effect of dispersion characteristics on the direction of propagation (slowness curve). The study shows that at the lower frequency thickness product, the group velocity of the wave increases with the increase in the applied tensile load and vice-versa.
Experimental investigation of Magneto-rheological damper
Authors: Brahma K.S. , Waghmare M.V.
Published: December 2022

In recent years, intensive research works are concentrated on the development of semi-active control devices. A semi-active control system can also be explained as a system that mainly requires a small external power source for functioning and applies the motion of the structure to generate the control forces. A semi-active control system typically begins from a passive control system, which is followed by a change to permit the flexibility of mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the semi-active control devices may be modified depending upon the response from the excitation and/or from the calculated reaction. Magneto-rheological (MR) dampers are a type of a semi-active control device that, in the presence of Magneto-rheological (MR) fluid, responds to the applied vibrations. This type of damper has copper winding in it, forming an electronic circuit internally with a combination of MR fluids. The effectiveness of MR damper greatly depends on the command voltage to the copper winding. In the present study, the response of MR Damper to the command voltage, and the excitation frequency is experimentally evaluated. MR damper is supported by a wall mounting rigid fixture and connected to a shake table by a fixing unit. The voltage is varied from 0 V - 10 V with an interval of 2 V. Command voltages is applied to the MR damper with the help of voltage regulator and digital multi meter. The effect of excitation frequency is also studied (1 Hz – 8 Hz). While conducting the experimental work, acceleration values are obtained through the Data acquisition system. These acceleration values are integrated to get the velocity and displacement response. The relation between the displacement, velocity, acceleration of the MR damper, and the frequency of shake table and command voltage is studied. From the experimental work, it is observed that the displacement response of the damper is effectively controlled by increasing the command voltage.
Free vibration analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates using a new discrete kirchhoff four node quadrilateral element
Authors: Deshpande G.A. , Kulkarni S.D.
Published: December 2022

In the present work, a four node quadrilateral element is developed for the free vibration analysis of functionally graded moderately thick sandwich plates. The element has seven degrees of freedom per node namely, two in-plane displacements, the transverse displacement, two rotations of mid plane and two transverse shear strain components at the mid plane. In the present study, two models of the material property variation through the thickness, namely; power law model and Mori-Tanaka model are considered. The results for sandwich plates with different thickness configurations and with different boundary conditions are compared with the available analytical and finite element results. For some cases, the present results of the non-dimensionalised frequencies are compared with those obtained using commercial software ANSYS. It is observed that the performance of the present element is quite satisfactory for the sandwich plates considered in this study.
Influence of Tie Configuration on Seismic Behaviour of Ultra High Performance Concrete Columns
Authors: Bindhu K.R. , Ansari Shahina , Vaisakh M.S.
Published: December 2022

Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is one of the latest advances in concrete technology as it overcomes the shortcomings of conventional concrete such as low strength to weight ratio, high permeability, low tensile strength, low ductility, and volume instability. Confinement is capable of increasing capacity of the concrete structure to sustain large deformation without a substantial strength loss. The present study discusses the influence of tie configuration, percentage of longitudinal reinforcement and tie spacing in improving the confinement and behaviour of UHPC columns. In order to determine the behaviour of UHPC column, half scaled specimens of original short column with four different tie configurations were used. The configurations considered for the study included a double legged ties (A), welded ties with bars running centrally across the length and width (B), ties with inclined bars connecting two adjacent mid-points (C) and ties with bars connecting two adjacent sides at one-third distances (D). For the same tie configuration, the transverse reinforcement ratios are varied by changing the diameter of the ties. The specimens were tested under quasi static reverse cyclic loading under a constant axial load. The test results were represented and compared in terms of load-deflection envelope, ductility and cracking patterns. Tie configuration C exhibited better performance in stiffness and ductility, when compared with other configurations. For same parameters, “B” and “D” configuration displayed better behaviour than “A” configuration. This variation in performance was due to increase in transverse reinforcement percentage and the consequent effectiveness of core confinement. Transverse reinforcement percentage of “B” and “C” configurations is less than “D” configuration. The enhancements of properties of “B” and “C” configurations are better than “D” configuration. It was due to the effective core confinement of “B” and “C” configuration. For the same tie configuration, ultimate load, initial stiffness and relative ductility increases with increase in transverse reinforcement percentage. UHPC columns with “C” type tie configuration can effectively use in moderate and high seismic areas and its performance can be improved by increasing the transverse reinforcement ratio.
Numerical Analysis of Two Way Slab With Openings
Authors: Kaur Pritpal , Kaur Inderpreet , Murari Krishna
Published: December 2022

Slabs are the concrete elements used as significant components in building. It is common to have openings in slabs for various operational reasons like electrical, mechanical and plumbing services as a result decreases their capacity to carry loads. Along with this, insufficient data is available for slabs having openings at centre and at eccentric positions to resist applied loads. Moreover, many difficulties were faced analytically while modelling the complex behaviour of RCC slabs in nonlinear zone. Therefore, they require special attention in both analysis and design. This research gives more attention on studying structural behaviour of two-way slab having openings at centre and at eccentric positions along with solid slab. To study this type of behaviour seven different models of square slabs having different shapes of openings like square, rectangular and circular at centre and eccentrically has been generated in ANSYS, which is a FEM based software. All specimens were subjected to load, which was increased from zero to failure load. The effects of opening shape on crack formation were also analysed.
Passive Control in Baffled Liquid storage Tank under Bi-directional Earthquakes
Authors: Vern S. , Shrimali M.K. , Bharti S.D. , Vibhute A.S.
Published: December 2022

A comprehensive study of a 3D baffled concrete liquid storage tank (LST) is conducted to find out the maximum reduction in responses of the LSTs under a set of important parametric variations. They include (i) the type of earthquake; (ii) the optimum position and number of coupled baffles (top-mounted and bottom supported); and (iii) the angle of incidence earthquakes. Further, the percentage reductions of different responses of interest for the optimum baffled LST are investigated. The numerical study is performed in ABAQUS software for a square LST of 6m X 6m X 4.8m having a water height of 3.6m. The response quantities include the maximum mean values of base shear, overturning moment, top board displacement, hydrodynamic pressure, and sloshing height. The results of the study show that (i) with the optimum arrangement of baffles, significant reduction of in the sloshing height can be achieved; (ii) the type of earthquake does not have significant effect response reductions; and (iii) both PGA and angle of incidence of the earthquake have a moderate effect on response reductions.
Nonlinear Fe Model for Shear Strengthening of Simply Supported RC Beams with FRP DE Bars
Authors: Dutta Baisali , Nayak AmarNath , Nanda Bharawaj , Dirar Samir
Published: December 2022

Deep embedment (DE) is emerging as a potential and effective shear strengthening approach for existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A two-dimensional nonlinear finite element (NLFE) model for simply supported RC T-beams strengthened in shear with embedded carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and steel bars is presented in this study. VecTor2, version 4.2, was used to create a two-dimensional NLFE model. To validate the nonlinear FE models, three sets of six simply supported RC T-beams from Breveglieri et al. (2015) are employedEach set consists of two beams with vertical and inclined (45) DE bars. Set one strengthens the beams with steel DE bars without vertical steel stirrups in the shear span. In the shear span, the beams of Sets two and three are reinforced with CFRP DE bars with vertical steel stirrups @180 mm c/c and @300 mm c/c, respectively. The above-mentioned NLFE model is validated by comparing experimental and predicted results for failure load, deflection, and failure mode. For both experimental and simulated beams, the fracture pattern is diagonal, and the failure mode is shear failure. The overall mean predicted/experimental loads at failure and deflection at failure ratios are 1.09 and 1.00, respectively, with corresponding standard deviations of 0.03 and 0.04. Following the validation of the proposed NLFE model's correctness, numerical parametric tests are conducted to determine the influence of concrete compressive strength and effective depth of RC T-beams on shear capacity of simply supported RC T-beams. The parametric analysis findings reveal that enhancing the cylinder compressive strength increases the predicted failure load while increasing the effective beam depth decreases it
Non-contact based photogrammetric technique for testing of rigid blocky masonry arch
Authors: Naik Pratyusha , Samson Shibu , Menon Arun
Published: December 2022

In case of dry jointed stone structural systems, the stone blocks can be assumed to be rigid with relative predominant displacements occurring along the joints giving rise to geometric non-linearity in these systems. The testing of such discontinuous systems becomes challenging task with contact-based measuring instruments such as LVDTs as the blocks are free to displace and/or rotate with six degrees of freedom. This technique is more often used for surveying of large existing structures in the field of civil engineering and its applicability to testing of structural systems has not been explored to a larger extent yet. The photogrammetry with motion module has been observed to be the one of the most reliable and feasible methods of instrumentation for dry jointed stone structural systems. With few quality control measures adopted from taking photos to the processing stage, sufficient accuracy of measurements can be achieved. In the present study, non-contact-based technique, photogrammetry is used for testing of a typical dry-stone corbel vault taking a scaled down model of an existing vaulted gallery of Ta Prohm, Cambodia. The findings from the study have been in agreement with the observed distress in the existing corbel vaulted galleries. It has been proved to be efficient, low cost method that uses simple handheld digital cameras giving reliable results with an accuracy up to 0.4 millimetres. Thus, photogrammetry is a way forward for testing of discontinuous structural systems such as dry-stone masonry.
On Effects of Shear Deformation on the Static Pull-in Instability Behaviour of Narrow Rectangular Timoshenko Microbeams
Authors: Pakhare KedarS. , Punith P. , Guruprasad P.J. , Shimpi RameshchandraP.
Published: December 2022

MEMS devices utilize electrostatics as preferred actuation method. The accurate determination of pull-in instability parameters (i.e., pull-in voltage and pull-in displacement) of such devices is critical for their correct design. It should be noted that similar to parallel plate capacitors, the electrostatic force between the surface of the deformable microbeam and stationary ground is non-linear in nature. Hence the analysis associated with MEMS devices is always inherently non-linear. In the literature, these devices have been majorly analyzed as Bernoulli-Euler microbeams with cantilever or clamped-clamped beam end conditions. However, Dileesh et al. (doi: 10.1115/ESDA2012-82536) have studied the static and dynamic pull-in instability behavior of slender cantilever microbeams by developing a six-nodded spectral finite element based on the Timoshenko beam theory (TBT-SFE). They have demonstrated the accuracy of the TBT-SFE by comparing their results with corresponding results of COMSOL-based three-dimensional finite element simulations. In addition, effects of shear deformation also start to play significant role as the beam thickness-to-length ratio increases. In this paper, authors have developed the TBT-SFE based on the work by Dileesh et al. for the case of statics. However, unlike Dileesh et al. where they have developed a six-nodded TBT-SFE, authors have investigated the best combination of number of nodes per element and total number of elements to carry out the study. For this purpose, authors have first calculated results of the maximum beam transverse displacement, for a shear deformable propped-cantilever microbeam under the action of uniformly distributed transverse load, obtained by utilizing the developed TBT-SFE with different combinations of number of nodes per element and total number of elements. These results are then compared with corresponding analytical results available in the literature to arrive at the best combination of number of nodes per element and total number of elements for the electrostatic-elastic analysis. In the second step, the finalized TBT-SFE is utilized to determine static pull-in instability parameters of narrow microbeams with various fixity conditions and beam thickness-to-length ratios. This study highlights the importance of transverse shear effects on pull-in instability parameters of Timoshenko microbeams.
Effect of Seismic Analysis Approach and Provision of Shear Walls on Parameters for Raft Foundation Design
Authors: Teli Sujay , Kundhani Palak , Choksi Virag , Iyer KannanK.R.
Published: December 2022

The present work attempts to understand the effect of different methods of seismic analysis on the design of building raft foundation. The study also evaluates the role of shear wall on the foundation response. A ten storey building with raft foundation has been analyzed in STAAD Pro using three different seismic analysis methods, viz., Linear static analysis, Linear dynamic analysis and Non-linear dynamic analysis. Furthermore, building with two different arrangements of shear walls (peripheral and core region) are studied by Non-linear dynamic analysis and compared with the model without shear wall. The raft is modeled with plate elements supported by soil springs using Winkler's approach. To consider the effect of different soil and raft stiffness, three different soil spring values and two raft thickness values have been considered. It has been concluded from the study that linear static analysis yields lower values of all foundation design parameters (viz., base pressure, settlement, foundation bending moment and shear stress) as compared to dynamic analysis. Dynamic analysis yields higher variation in base pressure and settlement distribution, which suggests adopting dynamic analysis approach for obtaining more realistic response, especially for settlement sensitive structures. Further the provision of shear wall has negligible influence on base pressure and settlement of foundation, while maximum bending moment and shear stress in foundation increases. Hence, provision of shear wall may increase cost of foundation, however, considering its role in improving structural integrity, shear walls are deemed important. Further, the increase in soil stiffness and reduction in raft thickness yields higher maximum base pressure and variation in base pressure, which confirms the importance of considering the effect of soil-foundation interaction for design of foundation. It is opined that the findings of the study would help in more realistic foundation design to achieve better performance during its life cycle.
Simulation and Soft Computation on Materials Prognostication Seismic Assessment
Authors: Ramana P.V. , Agnihotri Anamika , Meena Ayush , Ganesh Engammagari , Shrimali M.K. , Bharti S.D.
Published: December 2022

The research paper ETABS is an integrated programming software providing mass distribution and rapid analysis of structures building where we can assign loadings per codal provision. Different methods are also available to elongate our research and analysis of the system. This software developed by CSI is also utilized in the designing of Burj khalifa. ETABS is coordinated programming giving mass dispersion and immediate investigation of building designs where one can allocate loadings according to any codal arrangement. Various strategies are additionally accessible to extend our examination and examination of construction. This paper depicts to determines the role of dampers in tall structures. To assess the stability of the system under seismic load considering dampers. To compare two distinct types of dampers to evaluate the seismic effect of different earthquakes. To provide cost analysis of form per SOR to assess the seismic impact on distant earthquakes.
Potential Subpopulations and Assembling Tendency of the Merging Black Holes
Authors: Wang Yuan-Zhu , Li Yin-Jie , Vink Jorick S. , Fan Yi-Zhong , Tang Shao-Peng , Qin Ying , Wei Da-Ming
Published: December 2022

The origins of coalescing binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the advanced LIGO/Virgo are still under debate, and clues may be present in the joint mass-spin distribution of these merger events. Here we construct phenomenological models containing two subpopulations to investigate the BBH population detected in gravitational-wave observations. We find that our models can explain the GWTC-3 data rather well, and several constraints to our model are required by the data: first, the maximum mass for the component with a stellar-origin,

m

max

, is

39.1

−
2.7

+
2.4

M

⊙

at 90% credibility; second, about 15% of the mergers happen in dynamical environments, in which 7%–16% of events are hierarchical mergers, and these BHs have an average spin magnitude significantly larger than the first-generation mergers, with d
μ
a > 0.4 at 99% credibility; third, the dynamical component BHs tend to pair with each other with larger total mass and higher mass ratio. An independent analysis focusing on spins is also carried out, and we find that the spin amplitude of component BHs can be divided into two groups according to a division mass

m

d

=

46.1

−
5.1

+
5.6

M

⊙

. These constraints can be naturally explained by current formation channels, and our results suggest that some of the observed events were likely from active galactic nucleus disks.
Ethnoentomological knowledge of an edible insect (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in a peri urban area of Mexico City
Authors: Salazar-Aguilar N. , Ávila-Akerberg V. , González-Martínez T.
Published: December 2022

Human interactions with insects are represented in a wide range of manifestations. This has been evinced in what is called ethnoentomological knowledge, in other words, the knowledge about insects that is passed on through time within a community. In Isidro Fabela, a semi-rural municipality located in the surroundings of the metropolitan area of Mexico City, the inhabitants know the larvae of a beetle aschizas. Children up to the elderly consume them through different cooking methods. However, to date, this had not been investigated yet. Therefore, due to the lack of studies, our first task was to find out its taxonomic identity and document the ethnoentomological knowledge through 33 personal interviews following a semi-structured form and participatory observation. Results indicate thatchizas are the larvae ofTrichoderes pini Chevrolat 1843, a cerambycid species related to decaying wood and found for the first time in the study area. The termchiza comes from the Otomi indigenous language that means ‘the one who eats wood’ and people recognise their importance as contributors to the wood degradation process in the forest. Although for most peoplechizas consumption is mainly regarded as a hobby or traditional practice, for some people selling them represents an opportunity to earn an extra income. Finally, a decrease inchizas occurrence was found, probably because of the rural-urban transition process, absence of regulations concerning the wild insects’ exploitation, and public policies for fire and forest management. We suggest that the knowledge that inhabitants have and is presented in this paper, should be shared and promoted for a future implementation of conservation strategies including their sustainable management, together with more academic research.
Essential oils rich in pulegone for insecticide purpose against legume bruchus species: Case of Ziziphora hispanica L. and Mentha pulegium L.
Authors: Ainane Tarik , Abdoul-Latif Fatouma Mohamed , Baghouz Asmae , Montassir Zineb El , Attahar Wissal , Ainane Ayoub , Giuffrè Angelo Maria
Published: December 2022

Ziziphora hispanica L. and Mentha pulegium L. are aromatic shrubs known to produce essential oils demanded by food industries. This study reports on the insecticidal activity of these two oils harvested in Khenifra (Morocco) and of its major compound (Pulegone) against the main legume bruchids. Chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of 33 compounds in the essential oil of Ziziphora hispanica (EOZH) and 24 compounds in the essential oil of Mentha pulegium (EOMP), with pulegone being the most dominant in both with percentages respectively of 79.1% and 63.8%. According to the insecticidal activities exerted, the two essential oils, as well as the pulegone, showed significant results against all the bruchids tested of legumes. Pulegone has shown good insecticidal activity, thus the lethal doses of 50% are between 61.6mg/g and 74.4mg/g, which explains the remarkable activity of the two essential oils which are rich in this molecule. moreover, the addition of essential oils in the storage of legumes does not have a significant effect on the legumes and does not diminish their nutritional qualities. This study indicates that essential oils and their main constituent have the potential to be developed into botanical insecticides.
Constrained Langevin approximation for the Togashi-Kaneko model of autocatalytic reactions
Authors: Fan Wai-Tong (Louis) , Yang Yifan (Johnny) , Yuan Chaojie
Published: December 2022

The Togashi Kaneko model (TK model) is a simple stochastic reaction network that displays discreteness-induced transitions between meta-stable patterns. Here we study a constrained Langevin approximation (CLA) of this model. This CLA, derived under the classical scaling, is an obliquely reflected diffusion process on the positive orthant and hence respects the constraint that chemical concentrations are never negative. We show that the CLA is a Feller process, is positive Harris recurrent and converges exponentially fast to the unique stationary distribution. We also characterize the stationary distribution and show that it has finite moments. In addition, we simulate both the TK model and its CLA in various dimensions. For example, we describe how the TK model switches between meta-stable patterns in dimension six. Our simulations suggest that, when the volume of the vessel in which all of the reactions that take place is large, the CLA is a good approximation of the TK model in terms of both the stationary distribution and the transition times between patterns.
Immersive virtual reality application for intelligent manufacturing: Applications and art design
Authors: Lei Yu , Su Zhi , He Xiaotong , Cheng Chao
Published: December 2022

Intelligent manufacturing (IM), sometimes referred to as smart manufacturing (SM), is the use of real-time data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence (AI) in the production process to achieve the aforementioned efficiencies. Human-machine interaction technology has recently been a hot issue in smart manufacturing. The unique interactivity of virtual reality (VR) innovations makes it possible to create a virtual world and allow users to communicate with that environment, providing users with an interface to be immersed in the digital world of the smart factory. And virtual reality technology aims to stimulate the imagination and creativity of creators to the maximum extent possible for reconstructing the natural world in a virtual environment, generating new emotions, and transcending time and space in the familiar and unfamiliar virtual world. Recent years have seen a great leap in the development of intelligent manufacturing and virtual reality technologies, yet little research has been done to combine the two popular trends. To fill this gap, this paper specifically employs Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a systematic review of the applications of virtual reality in smart manufacturing. Moreover, the practical challenges and the possible future direction will also be covered.
Semisupervised Surveillance Video Character Extraction and Recognition With Attentional Learning Multiframe Fusion
Authors: Cai Guiyan , Qu Liang , Li Yongdong , Cheng Guoan , Lu Xin , Wang Yiqi , Yao Fengqin , Wang Shengke
Published: December 2022

Character extraction in the video is very helpful to the understanding of the video content, especially the artificially superimposed characters such as time and place in the surveillance video. However, the performance of the existing algorithms does not meet the needs of application. Therefore, the authors improve semisupervised surveillance video character extraction and recognition with attentional learning multiframe feature fusion. First, the multiframe fusion strategy based on an attention mechanism is adopted to solve the target missing problem, and the Dense ASPP network is introduced to solve the character multiscale problem. Second, a character image denoising algorithm based on semisupervised fuzzy C-means clustering is proposed to isolate and extract clean binary character images. Finally, for some video characters that may involve privacy, traditional and deep learning-based video restoration algorithms are used for characteristic elimination.
Design Thinking and Compliance as Drivers for Decision Support System Adoption in Agriculture
Authors: De Oliveira Francis J. Baumont , Fernandez Alejandro , Hernández Jorge E. , del Pino Mariana
Published: December 2022

To respond to increasing demands for good agricultural practices (GAP) and food safety, governments globally are introducing stringent regulations to govern agricultural compliance that affect production, storage, and sales activities. New legislation in Argentina to enforce GAP is an opportunity to test compliance as an incentive to adopt technological solutions. This research aims to determine whether compliance software is an effective gateway to shift farmers' decision-making strategies from intuition-based to evidence-based, improving agricultural productivity through technology. Integrating technology can be a significant hurdle for farms but is also a steppingstone towards more reliable processes. To address this, the authors prototype a decision support system (DSS) for greenhouse farmers in La Plata, Argentina, to help farmers keep traceable records of their crops and treatments to reduce compliance risk. The project incorporates lessons learned from previous DSS projects and utilises design-thinking strategies to involve the end-user in the development.
To “D” or Not to “D”?
Authors: Alkhowaiter Wassan Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Although digital learning has been used by the public universities to teach students for some time, the relatively new established universities still didn't fully adopt the digital learning practices. Therefore, this research aims to understand the factors that influence instructors' intentions to adopt digital learning during and post COVID-19 time period. For this, the paper proposed a model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology extended with additional construct such as self-efficacy and moderators such as staff IT-training and institutional support. The workable data were collected from 274 instructors across 10 public universities that have implemented digital learning in their curriculum relatively lately after 2010, and they are still experimenting its implementation using their resources. The data were analysed using PLS SEM. The results supported the influence of antecedents on instructors' intentions to adopt digital learning, and moderators were also found to support the relationships significantly.
A New Era for Urban Actors
Authors: Yilmaz Ozge Celik , Ertekin Ozhan
Published: December 2022

Urban technologies and smart city applications show that a new era has started in urban planning, and a new structure has been formed because of endless information flow and distribution. The participation process has also carried on a new structure with the changes. Urban living labs (ULL) is a form of experimental governance which can offer creative solutions for the problems that cities face today. The research is aimed to determine the new actors in a new era in the process of transformation while interviewing two ULLs in Turkey. Through interviews, decision-making, actualization, collaboration, and participation, processes were established. Moreover, analysis shows that the technological transformation process is currently in the digital environment rather than redound on the spatial environment in Turkey. While ULLs provide opportunities to adapt to technology, they have not become widespread or have not been identified yet to show limitations in cooperation and application.
Fuzzy Set-Based Reliability Estimation
Authors: Sampa ChauPattnaik  , Ray Mitrabinda , Nayak Mitalimadhusmita
Published: December 2022

The rapid advancement of computer technology motivates software developers to use commercial off-the-shelf software components for system growth. For particular architectural elements (for instance, components), the reliability criteria associated with testing-based conventional procedures are unknown. In the traditional reliability estimation, the probabilistic method is applied. The source data problem, which depends on a number of factors that may or may not correspond to the real working conditions of the system, is this technique's major shortcoming. The component-based software reliability estimation is based on a number of parameters, including the individual component reliability, transition probability, failure rate, etc. Fuzzy logic converts fuzzy data into useful information, making it easier to develop creative solutions for vague and uncertain concepts based on various factors that influence reliability. To assess the reliability of component-based systems, the authors provide a fuzzy logic technique, which has the ability to improve the question of uncertainty.
Prediction of Customer Review's Helpfulness Based on Feature Engineering Driven Deep Learning Model
Authors: Sharma Surya Prakash , Singh Laxman , Tiwari Rajdev
Published: December 2022

Online consumer reviews play a pivotal role in boosting online shopping. After Covid-19, the e-commerce industry has been grown exponentially. The e-commerce industry is greatly impacted by the online customer reviews, and a lot of work has been done in this regard to identify the usefulness of reviews for purchasing online products. In this proposed work, predicting helpfulness is taken as binary classification problem to identify the helpfulness of a review in context to structural, sentimental, and voting feature sets. In this study, the authors implemented various leading ML algorithms such as KNN, LR, GNB, LDA and CNN. In comparison to these algorithms and other existing state of art methods, CNN yielded better classification results, achieving highest accuracy of 95.27%. Besides, the performance of these models was also assessed in terms of precision, recall, F1 score, etc. The results shown in this paper demonstrate that proposed model will help the producers or service providers to improve and grow their business.
Smart Contract-Based Secure Decentralized Smart Healthcare System
Authors: Raj Anu , Prakash Shiva
Published: December 2022

Social distancing has been imposed to prevent substantial transmission of the COVID-19 outbreak, which is presently a global public health issue. Medical healthcare providers rely on telemedicine to monitor their patients, particularly those with chronic conditions. However, telemedicine faces many implementation-related risks, including data breaches, access restrictions within the medical community, inaccurate diagnosis, fraud, etc. The authors propose a transparent, tamper-proof, distributed, decentralized smart healthcare system (DSHS) that uses blockchain-based smart contracts. The authors use an immutable modified Merkel tree structure to hold the transaction for viewing contracts on a public blockchain, updating patient health records (PHR), and exchanging PHR to all entities. It is verified by a performance evaluation based on the Ethereum platform. The simulation results show that the proposed system outperforms existing approaches by enhancing transparency, boosting efficiency, and reducing average latency in the system. The proposed system improves the functionality of the SHS environment.
Fine-Grained Image Classification Based on Cross-Attention Network
Authors: Zheng Zhiwen , Zhou Juxiang , Gan Jianhou , Luo Sen , Gao Wei
Published: December 2022

Due to the high similarity of fine-grained image subclasses, small inter-class changes and large intra-class changes are caused, which leads to the difficulty of fine-grained image classification task. However, existing convolutional neural networks have been unable to effectively solve this problem. Aiming at the above-mentioned fine-grained image classification problem, this paper proposes a multi-scale and multi-level ViT model. First, through data augmentation techniques, the accuracy of fine-grained image classification can be effectively improved. Secondly, the small-scale input and large-scale input of the model make the input image have more feature ex-pressions. The subsequent multi-layeredness effectively utilizes the results of the previous layer of ViT, so that the data of the previous layer can be more effectively used in the next layer of ViT. Finally, cross-attention allows the results of two scale inputs to be fused in a reasonable way. The proposed model is competitive with current mainstream state-of-the-art methods on multiple datasets.
Redefining the Internet
Authors: Novo Oscar
Published: December 2022

Despite its enormous success, the internet has recently faced new challenges that hinder its natural development. Different institutions outside the internet are trying to control and prevent certain behaviors on the net, causing a twist in the development of the internet. This article describes the fundamental principles that define the internet in the context of the human society as well as the impact of such practices in the development of the internet. Additionally, this article proposes a new definition of the term internet and contributes with a set of universal laws that establish a pathway for the development of the internet at its own pace.
Does the Agenda-Setting Effect Always Work?
Authors: Xu Yingbo , Liu Wei , Zhou Jinfeng , Wong Linda , Yue Xiao-Guang
Published: December 2022

The media is viewed as an external mechanism of corporate governance in a large body of literature. In agenda-setting research, the media can exert influence on corporate emissions behavior by controlling the public and government agenda. However, it is unclear whether such effect will be influenced by the regional institutional environment. The authors construct a theoretical framework including different types of media and corporate environmental behavior, which is used to investigate the impact of institution informatization on the media agenda-setting effect. The authors then used a sample of Chinese industrial enterprises from 2011 to 2014 to test this hypothesis. The empirical results reveal that both printing and electronic media elicit improvement on corporate environmental performance. Institutional informatization can significantly enhance the disincentive effect of electronic media on corporate emissions, while the moderating role in the relationship between printing media and corporate emissions is not significant.
Study on Solid Particle Erosion Studies of Stellite-6 HVOF Coating on Titanium Alloy
Authors: Prabhakaran D. , Jegadeeswaran N. , Somasundar B. , Raju B.S.
Published: December 2022

The present research work explores the possibility of use of HVOF sprayed cermet coating Stellite-6 on gas turbine material Titanium Alloy (Ti-31). The coating is investigated for their resistance to erosion under laboratory conditions. Solid particle erosion studies were conducted using silica sand as the erodent. Erosion studies were done with impact angles of 30º, 60º and 90º. Stellite-6 coating performs better under sand erosion conditions. Stellite-6 coatings undergo damage by brittle mode. Erosion behavior of the substrate materials is ductile and resistance is better than the coating material. SEM microstructures were used for scar produced by the erodent, at 30º, 60º and 90º. impact angles, also indicates that the material damage is due to ploughing and entrapment of silica particles.
Synthesis and Characterization of PES/Pebax-MWCNTs Mixed Matrix Membranes for Gas Separation
Authors: Yazid Aimi Farzana , Mukhtar Hilmi , Mohshim Dzeti Farhah
Published: December 2022

The development of MWCNT mixed matrix membranes (MWCNT-MMMs) has shown good performance for gas separation. Interfacial interactions between the CNTs and the polymer and the dispersion of the MWCNTs in the polymeric matrix affects the overall performance of CNT mixed matrix membranes. Although CNTs properties are superior to other inorganic fillers but due to their chemically inert properties and inability to disperse in typical organic solvents, their applicability in industry is still uncertain. Typically, nanotubes are bound together by strong van der Waals interactions and form tight bundles. Therefore, MWCNTs tend to accumulate to each other in polymer matrix. This has been the biggest challenge in development of MWCNT-MMMs in producing defect free membranes. In this research, PES/Pebax-MWCNTs mixed matrix membraness were fabricated to capture carbon for natural gas. Sorbitol has been utilized in the fabrication of membranes to break the agglomeration of MWCNTs. In this study, the effect of MWCNTs loading and addition of sorbitol on the structure of synthesized membranes was analyzed using FESEM, DSC and FTIR. The incorporation of MWCNTs in the polymer matrix allows more active path for small molecules to flow across the membranes. The agglomeration of MWCNTs is more significant with the increase of fillers loading. Addition of sorbitol improved the morphology of membranes. Smooth surface of membranes with no agglomeration are observed for all MWCNTs loading (2-6 wt%). Glass transition temperature (Tg) was shifted to lower temperature with the addition of both MWCNTs and sorbitol.