bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning-based U-Mamba Model to Predict Differentiated Gastric Cancer using Radiomics Features from Spleen Segmentation
Authors: Shang Hui , Tong Ying , Li Mingyu , Xu Shuangyan , Xu Lihang , Cao Zhendong
Published: December 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to develop an automated method for segmenting spleen computed tomography (CT) images using a deep learning model to
address the limitations of manual segmentation, which is known to be susceptible to inter-observer variability. Subsequently, a prediction model
for gastric cancer (GC) differentiation was constructed alongside radiomics, and a nomogram was generated to investigate its clinical guiding
significance.

Methods:

This study enrolled 262 patients with pathologically confirmed GC. We employed a deep learning model, U-Mamba, to achieve fully automated
segmentation of the spleen CT images. Subsequently, radiomic features were extracted from the entire spleen CT images, and significant features
were identified through dimensionality reduction. The clinical and radiomic features were permuted and combined to create three predictive
models: the CL model, the RA model, and the CR model. Finally, the model with superior performance was represented as a nomogram.

Results:

A total of 30 radiomic features and 1 clinical feature were considered valuable through dimensionality reduction and selection. The RA model
demonstrated greater discriminative power than both the CR model and the CL model. A nomogram based on the logistic clinical model was
created to facilitate the application and validation of the clinical model.

Conclusion:

The radiomic features obtained through the automated segmentation of the spleen using deep learning demonstrate efficacy in predicting the degree
of differentiation in GC. These features offer valuable guidance for clinical decision-making in the form of a nomogram.
Effect of Accelerated Aging on the Microtensile Bond Strength of a Two-Step Adhesive Containing a Universal Adhesive Primer, an in vitro study
Authors: Daneshpooy Mehdi , Bahari Mahmoud , Dabaghi Tabriz Fatemeh , Alizadeh-Oskoee Parnian , Fahim Zhila
Published: December 2024

Background

Despite the advantages of one-step universal adhesives, concerns about their bond durability exist. By introducing a two-step adhesive using universal bonding technology, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of this adhesive when applied to dentin.

Materials and Methods

In this in vitro study, 16 extracted sound human third molar teeth were selected. Specimens were prepared by cutting the occlusal enamel perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and categorized into four groups of 18 each: G2-Bond Universal (GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan) in etch-and-rinse mode (GU-ER), G2-Bond Universal in self-etch mode (GU-SE), G-Premio Bond in etch-and-rinse mode (GP-ER), and G-Premio Bond (GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan) in self-etch mode (GP-SE). The resin composite was bonded to the dental surfaces based on the manufacturer’s instructions and light-cured for 10 seconds using an LED curing unit (Demetron A2, Kerr, Scafati, Italy, 1200 mW/cm2). The bonded specimens were then sectioned into 1 mm2 sticks and divided into two subgroups (n=36). One subgroup (9 specimens from each adhesive) underwent thermal cycling, while the other was immersed in 10% sodium hypochlorite for three hours to simulate accelerated aging. The µTBS was measured, and failure modes were determined. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA, the Sidak test, and the Independent Samples T-Test

Results

The highest mean μTBS was associated with GU-SE (29.63 ± 8.59 MPa), while the lowest was observed with GP-ER (18.65 ± 9.33 MPa). The µTBS values decreased following aging (p < 0.001). The values for GU-SE and GU-ER were significantly higher than those for GP-ER (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). GU-SE and GU-ER showed a slight, statistically insignificant decrease in bond strength with aging (p = 0.133 and p = 0.060, respectively). However, GP-SE and GP-ER showed significant reductions in bond strength after aging (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). The interaction between accelerated aging and study groups was not significant (p = 0.311), indicating a uniform effect of aging in all groups. Failure modes were similar in groups (p > 0.05), with adhesive failure being the most common type. G-Premio had more adhesive failures than G2-Bond, though this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Two-step universal adhesive performed better than one-step system during aging. In etch-and-rinse mode, the two-step adhesive significantly improved bond strength, while in self-etch, both adhesives showed similar performance.
Effects of Normal Cognitive Aging on Spoken Word Frequency: Older Adults Exhibit Higher Function Word Frequency and Lower Content Word Frequency than Young Adults
Authors: Burke Erin , Patrick Karlee , Hamrick Phillip , Gunstad John
Published: December 2024

Background

Recent work indicates that word frequency (WF), broadly defined as an estimate of how often a given word is produced during spontaneous speech, has been shown to be a sensitive marker for conditions like mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). WF has been linked to cognitive declines observed in these groups. However, it is largely unknown how WF for distinct word classes change as part of normative cognitive aging, and to what extent factors like education and life experience may protect against age-related cognitive decline.

Objective

The current study examined WF and its association with cognitive test performance in older and younger adults. Higher WF values indicate the use of more common, higher frequently used words that are more readily retrieved from the lexicon, whereas lower WF values indicate the use of less common, lower frequency words.

Methods

Expository speech transcripts of 70 older and 130 younger adults were analyzed. Subject-level WF indices were computed for all words (AWs), content words (CWs) and function words (FWs). Between-group differences in WF and neuropsychological test performance were examined using independent samples t-tests and associations between WF and cognitive performance were evaluated with Pearson correlations. Follow-up analyses clarified the possible contribution of education.

Results

Higher average AW and CW frequency was observed in younger adults and higher AW frequency was associated with poorer performance on a test of mental reasoning (Cognitive Estimation Test). Though small, differences between age groups remained significant after accounting for education levels.

Conclusion

The current results show generally preserved WF in older adults and suggest that healthy cognitive aging and formal education do not drive the age-related changes in WF found in other studies. If replicated, such findings suggest that a shift from lower to higher frequency words in the spontaneous speech of older adults may be a marker of early neuropathological changes rather than normative cognitive aging and that the specific pattern may be influenced by sociocultural factors like language exposure and life experience. Future studies examining changes in lexical retrieval with advancing age will help clarify the impact of normative cognitive aging on WF indices and the extent to which analysis of spontaneous speech may help with early detection for conditions like MCI and AD.
Investigating the Apoptosis Status of Peripheral Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abiri Elaheh , Raesi Rasoul , Kashani Maryam Haji Qasem
Published: December 2024

Background

Although COVID-19 has been contained and the world is now in the post-corona era, evidence shows that the coronavirus can still cause hospitalization and even death of patients by inducing cell apoptosis.

Aim

The present study was conducted to investigate the apoptosis status of peripheral lymphocytes in patients with COVID-19 in the post-corona era.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted using a simple random sampling method in December, 2023, by examining the apoptosis level of peripheral lymphocytes in samples taken from 54 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Velayat Damghan Hospital. Using an RT-PCR test, the nucleic acid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was identified in all COVID-19 patients. Apoptosis assay was performed using the Annexin V/Propidium Iodide technique. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism and inferential statistics tests.

Results

A total of 54 patients with COVID-19 in the age range of 21 to 59 years, of whom 44.4% were hospitalized in the non-ICU department and 55.5% in the ICU department. Among them, 27.7% required intubation, while 27.7% did not need intubation. The highest level of apoptosis in peripheral lymphocytes was observed in the intubated ICU (4.28%) and non-intubated ICU (1.89%) groups. The intubation group showed a significant difference from the non-intubation group (p < 0.01). In all groups, there was a significant increase in the level of apoptosis compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The increased apoptosis in COVID-19 patients raises concerns about the potential impact on immune function and the development of long-term health complications.
IoT-Enabled Smart Production and Sustainable Development
Authors: Sharma Hitesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

Internet of Things (IoT) technology is a prominent approach for handling
present-day issues in various sectors for sustainable development. The agricultural
sector is considered the backbone for the sustainability of a nation and plays a vital role
in biodiversity sustenance. Precision farming or precision agriculture is the practice of
maximizing crop yields and making the agricultural profession more profitable. Precise
and timely input of various agricultural parameters through smart and advanced
technologies like IoT, AI, image processing, drone-based cameras, computer vision,
smart portable devices, GPS, and others provide precision farming a real playground
for implementation. The practice of precision farming can boost the efficiency,
sustainability, and profitability of farmlands. An automated irrigation system (AIS) is
an advanced technology that uses sensors, controllers, and automation to efficiently
manage and optimize the watering of plants and crops. While AIS offers numerous
benefits, some challenges and problems can also arise, such as in terms of sensor
accuracy, connectivity and communication, power supply, maintenance and system
updates, cost and implementation, and user understanding and training. Therefore, it is
a hard requirement for an intelligent automated system with IoT capabilities that can
precisely track and manage water and energy consumption. In today's world,
automation dominates human existence. In this chapter, we suggested a comprehensive
framework for an IoT-based smart and automated irrigation system to address the
drawbacks of conventional systems like drip irrigation and pot irrigation, which cause
soil erosion and water wastage. Water is sprayed across the crops in the field by an
automated irrigation system to spread it like a downpour. Installing an AIS allows for
time- and water-saving water utilization.
A Suggested Framework for the Prevention of Physical Attacks on IoT Devices
Authors: Bakshi Gaytri , Kumar Rishabh
Published: December 2024

In today's interconnected world, where most devices are connected to the
internet and constantly sharing data, the increasing number of IoT devices presents
challenges for large companies to develop secure IoT systems.. With the progression of
interconnected systems, the risk of hampering security is also a big concern. In the
current scenario, it is very easy for attackers to initiate any kind of security breach. The
attack will be either on its software, firmware, or hardware level. This chapter deals
with the hardware security of the IoT system, which is also termed physical security.
Various security threats related to the physical security of an IoT device are described.
Various consequences have been mentioned that can occur due to these attacks. With
these physical attacks, a lot of severe loopholes can be created in the current ongoing
research and development of these interconnected systems.
Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Industrial IoT (IIoT) in Smart Healthcare
Authors: Sharm Hitesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

Information technology has shown its presence in every sector that requires
automation and intelligence. Traditional healthcare is a major sector in which lots of
advancements are needed. AI and IIoT are two main IT-based advanced technologies
that are required in many phases to convert traditional healthcare to smart healthcare.
The two major requirements of a smart healthcare system are data collection and data
analysis, and both of these requirements can be fulfilled by AI and IIoT technologies.
IIoT can help collect healthcare data in an automated way using various sensors and
other hardware devices. The use of AI-based algorithms and software to replicate
human cognition in the analysis, display, and comprehension of complicated medical
and healthcare data is referred to as artificial intelligence in healthcare. Artificial
intelligence can be utilized to perform the same tasks in a more efficient and costeffective manner. It is always preferable to prevent a disease than to cure it. Artificial
intelligence-based apps can assist users in leading a healthy lifestyle and being
proactive. When customers realize they have power over their own health, they are
more motivated to live a healthy lifestyle. This chapter describes the role of artificial
intelligence (AI) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in smart healthcare and
telemedicine.
Deep Learning and Machine Learning Algorithms in the Industrial IoT
Authors: Nijhawan Rahul , Mendirtta Neha , Jain Arjav , Kundalia Arnav , Kumar Sunil
Published: December 2024

One of the latest industrial revolutions is deep transformation and human
progress, which has led to the “Automation of Everything”. The physical world, along
with digital interfaces and data analysis, is connected via an interconnected network of
computers. This change holds the key to unlocking trillions of opportunities in the
coming ten years. Productivity has improved greatly in digital and physical industries,
which leads to improved quality of life and sustainability. There are loads of challenges
due to the massive amount of data being collected by sensors in the current world of
IIoT. This chapter aims to review the various deep learning and machine learning
technologies, algorithms, and their effect on IIoT. Several applications of machine
learning in gaining useful insights from IoT data are also discussed in this chapter.
Introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

This section introduces the sensing and perception of the soft robots. First,
the sensor of the soft robots are classified. Then, the state of the soft robot’s sensing and
perception model is introduced, i.e., passive mode, semi-active mode, active mode and
interactive perceptive mode. Moreover, according to the sensing and perception mode,
several sensing and perception technologies are presented. In the end, several
challenges regarding the sensing and perception of the soft robots are summarized.
Vector Spaces and D’ Operator Method
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

Linear space structures through vector space and inner products are examined. The
D’ operator method, Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, is used. ‘The D’ operator is applied to obtain
solutions to some practical problems.
A Brief Account on Recent Advancements and Applications of NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Dhameliya Tejas M. , Rastogi Priyansh , Shah Hely S. , Savaliya Prit D. , Savaliya Vidhisha N. , Shah Kinalkumar P.
Published: December 2024

The present book chapter has highlighted the various types of NMR spectroscopy,
including solid-state NMR, solution-state NMR, and their applications in hybridization with
other spectroscopic techniques in pharmaceutical analysis, drug discovery, and impurity
profiling. NMR has been a powerful tool for both drug discovery and the study of the structure
and dynamics of biomolecules in conjunction with X-ray crystallography. Along with other
chemometric techniques like principal component analysis, discriminant analysis, and partial
least square regression are used. In the pharmaceutical sector, NMR has been found to be much
important in determining the purity of medications with their various variants, the validity of
herbal products/heparin, fingerprinting of isotopes, etc.
Ecological Relationships Between Soil Organisms, Symbioses, Applications of Soil Ecology
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: December 2024

Between soil organisms, various interspecific relationships are formed, some
of which are positive, and others are negative for at least one of the parts involved. A
mutually positive relationship is symbiosis. Endo- and ectosymbioses between
nitrogen-fixing bacteria and plant roots, actinorrhizae, and, most of all, mycorrhizae
play extremely important roles in plant productivity and maintaining soil quality.
Relationships between plants and various groups of microorganisms at the rhizosphere
level also ensure a matter and energy flow from one plant to another, leading to a true 'mycorrhizal Internet”. Knowledge and control over these complex relationships also
have practical applications, in producing biofertilizers, biopesticides, and in
bioremediation, etc.
Malignant hypertension: A serious cardiovascular disorder-the main role of emergency medical services in controlling the condition
Authors: Bahanshel Mohammed Ahmed , Alruwas Mutlaq Gatar N , Alanazi Saadi Saad , Alshammari ‏Mohammed Saleem , Al Eissa Abdullah Ibrahim , Alshammari Khalid Saad Matar , Alotibe Mohameed Masud Musaad , Alqahtani Abdulhadi Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: Malignant hypertension, often referred to as hypertensive emergency, is a critical condition marked by severely elevated blood pressure (BP) exceeding 180/120 mm Hg, often associated with end-organ damage. It can lead to significant complications such as stroke, acute heart failure, and renal failure. Immediate and effective management is essential to prevent irreversible damage to vital organs and improve patient outcomes. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) play a crucial role in rapidly diagnosing, stabilizing, and transporting patients with malignant hypertension to appropriate care. Aim: This paper aims to highlight the essential role of EMS in the management of malignant hypertension, focusing on early recognition, timely intervention, and transport to specialized care to mitigate complications and improve survival rates. Methods: A review of relevant literature was conducted to examine the pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies of malignant hypertension. The role of EMS in timely care delivery was analyzed, including their involvement in initial assessment, treatment, and coordination with hospitals. Results: The review revealed that EMS is integral in identifying and managing hypertensive crises in the pre-hospital setting. Early intervention by EMS, such as the administration of intravenous antihypertensive medications and continuous monitoring, has been shown to improve outcomes significantly.
Factors Affecting Usability and Acceptability of an Online Platform Used by Caregivers in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Radley Jessica , Penhallow Jessica , Wickersham Alice , Morris Anna , Colling Craig , Downs Johnny
Published: December 2024

Background

Young people and families endure protracted waits for specialist mental health support in the United Kingdom. Staff shortages and limited resources have led many organizations to develop digital platforms to improve access to support. myHealthE is a digital platform used by families referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in South London. It was initially designed to improve the collection of routine outcome measures and subsequently the “virtual waiting room” module was added, which includes information about child and adolescent mental health as well as signposting to supportive services. However, little is known about the acceptability or use of digital resources, such as myHealthE, or about sociodemographic inequalities affecting access to these resources.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the usability and acceptability of myHealthE as well as investigating whether any digital divides existed among its userbase in terms of sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods

A survey was sent to all myHealthE users (N=7337) in May 2023. Caregivers were asked about their usage of myHealthE, their levels of comfort with technology and the internet. They completed the System Usability Scale and gave open-ended feedback on their experiences of using myHealthE.

Results

A total of 680 caregivers responded, of whom 45% () were from a Black, Asian, or a minority ethnic background. Most (n=, 98%) used a mobile phone to access myHealthE, and many had not accessed the platform’s full functionality, including the new “waiting room” module. Household income was a significant predictor of caregivers’ levels of comfort using technology; caregivers were 13% more likely to be comfortable using technology with each increasing income bracket (adjusted odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.00‐1.29). Themes generated from caregivers’ feedback highlight strengths of digital innovation as well as ideas for improvement, such as making digital platforms more personalized and tailored toward an individual’s needs.

Conclusions

Technology can bring many benefits to health care; however, sole reliance on technology may result in many individuals being excluded. To enhance engagement, clinical services must ensure that digital platforms are mobile friendly, personalized, that users are alerted and directed to their full functionality, and that efforts are made to bridge digital divides. Enhancing dissemination practices and improving accessibility to informative resources on the internet is critical to provide fair access to all using Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.
Home Automated Telemanagement System for Individualized Exercise Programs: Design and Usability Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Smiley Aref , Finkelstein Joseph
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Exercise is essential for physical rehabilitation, helping to improve functional performance and manage chronic conditions. Telerehabilitation offers an innovative way to deliver personalized exercise programs remotely, enhancing patient adherence and clinical outcomes. The Home Automated Telemanagement (HAT) System, integrated with the interactive bike (iBikE) system, was designed to support home-based rehabilitation by providing patients with individualized exercise programs that can be monitored remotely by a clinical rehabilitation team.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the design, usability, and efficacy of the iBikE system within the HAT platform. We assessed the system’s ability to enhance patient adherence to prescribed exercise regimens while minimizing patient and clinician burden in carrying out the rehabilitation program.

METHODS

We conducted a quasi-experimental study with 5 participants using a pre- and posttest design. Usability testing included 2 primary tasks that participants performed with the iBikE system. Task completion times, adherence to exercise protocols, and user satisfaction were measured. A System Usability Scale (SUS) was also used to evaluate participants’ overall experience. After an initial introduction, users performed the tasks independently following a 1-week break to assess retention of the system’s operation skills and its functionality.

RESULTS

Task completion times improved substantially from the pretest to the posttest: execution time for task 1 reduced from a mean of 8.6 (SD 4.7) seconds to a mean of 1.8 (SD 0.8) seconds, and the time for task 2 decreased from a mean of 315 (SD 6.9) seconds to a mean of 303.4 (SD 1.1) seconds. Adherence to the prescribed cycling speed also improved, with deviations from the prescribed speed reduced from a mean of 6.26 (SD 1.00) rpm (revolutions per minute) to a mean of 4.02 (SD 0.82) rpm (t=3.305, n=5, P=.03). SUS scores increased from a mean of 92 (SD 8.6) to a mean of 97 (SD 3.3), indicating high user satisfaction and confidence in system usability. All participants successfully completed both tasks without any additional assistance during the posttest phase, demonstrating the system’s ease of use and effectiveness in supporting independent exercise.

CONCLUSIONS

The iBikE system, integrated into the HAT platform, effectively supports home-based telerehabilitation by enabling patients to follow personalized exercise prescriptions with minimal need for further training or supervision. The significant improvements in task performance and exercise adherence suggest that the system is well-suited for use in home-based rehabilitation programs, promoting sustained patient engagement and adherence to exercise regimens. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings and explore the long-term benefits of the system in broader patient populations.
The Importance of Health Consumer Groups in Research: Interviews about Social Robots Use Among Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Sadler James , Khan Aila , Mubin Omar , Lwin Michael
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

There is an increased focus on involving members of the public in health research. These types of groups such as ‘health consumers’ bring different expertise in informing the design of a research study. There is a growing general concern about older adults’ acceptance and use of technologies.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the perspectives of a health consumer about using social robots with older adults in an Australian context. Based on this information, further explore how Australian older adults will come to accept and use a social robot.

METHODS

Researchers recruited members of an expert health consumer group, the Age and Ageing Clinical Academic Group (AAA CAG) for interviews regarding social robots and older adults. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via zoom with 5 panel members of the AAA CAG.

RESULTS

The health consumer panel provided invaluable insights into their perceptions of social robots and how they could best be propositioned to Australia’s older adults. There was some consensus among panel members on the need for professional input, education and experience building with the technology. Furthermore, overcoming hesitancy barriers could be resolved by building experience with the technology over time as with other forms of assistive technologies. The panel members expressed that aesthetic qualities and a perception of usefulness or benefits needed to be evident to gain the adoption and use of social robots by older adults. Finally, none of the panel members raised concerns about serious resistance or hesitancy they or other older adults would raise in accepting and using a social robot.

CONCLUSIONS

Having now been pre-tested among an expert healthcare consumer panel by the authors, the findings of this study should provide confidence to the other element of the triple helix model: Industry. However, as mentioned in the limitations of this study, social robot research among older adults in Australia is still emerging. This study represents nascent exploratory research that requires further testing. It is the recommendation of the authors, in conjunction with industry partners that field testing of social robots among older adults is critical to exploring their acceptance and use by this demographic as they will become the end users of the technology

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Enfoque participativo para valorar la efectividad de los programas de manejo de las áreas protegidas
Authors: Reyes Hernández Humberto , Bojórquez Vargas Alma Rafaela , Corpus Saldaña Judith Elisa , Durán Fernández Alejandro , Rivera González José Guadalupe
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el cumplimiento del programa de manejo de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa en San Luis Potosí. Éste consistió en un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del programa, con base en la participación social de habitantes locales. El porcentaje de cumplimiento de las 190 acciones del programa fue de 48%; la atención por subprograma, de 79%. Los habitantes reconocen la efectividad de diversos proyectos y las carencias que impiden la adecuada gestión de la Reserva. La percepción negativa de los habitantes se relaciona con la escasa vigilancia y el saqueo de especies.
Van Tieghem, Hergešić i Ocvirk
Authors: Smolej Tone
Published: December 2024

Autor u svome prilogu obrađuje prva tri teorijska djela o poredbenoj književnosti na svijetu, objavljena tridesetih godina XX. stoljeća. Nakon monografije La littérature comparée Paula Van Tieghema (1931) već iduće godine uslijedila je knjiga Poredbena ili komparativna književnost Ive Hergešića, koji je prije toga pohađao seminar Fernanda Baldenspergera na pariškoj Sorboni. Obje knjige detaljno je poznavao Anton Ocvirk, slovenski doktorand, koji je 1936. godine nakon dvogodišnjeg studija na Sorboni i Collège de France objavio i vlastitu Teoriju poredbene povijesti književnosti (Teorija primerjalne literarne zgodovine). Hrvatski i slovenski komparatist podosta slijede francusku knjigu. U sačuvanom Ocvirkovu primjerku Hergešićeve knjige nalazimo zanimljive opaske slovenskog komparatista. Baš kao Van Tieghem, Hergešić i Ocvirk također proučavaju tematologiju (Stoffgeschichte), spram koje su manje suzdržani nego francuski komparatist. Valja istaknuti kako Hergešić također preuzima Van Tieghemovo trojstvo pošiljatelj (émetteur) – posrednik (transmetteur) – primatelj (récepteur), a koje nalazimo i kod Ocvirka. On Van Tieghemovu doksologiju naziva linearnim ispitivanjem, koje se također bavi uspjehom i utjecajem nekog autora ili djela u inozemstvu. Jednako kao Van Tieghem, i Hergešić proučava strane izvore nekog pisca, ali za to ne upotrebljava pojam krenologija, koji Ocvirk pak zamjenjuje pojmom koncentrično proučavanje. Hergešićevo naročito domišljato navođenje hrvatskih književnih primjera zasigurno je plodno utjecalo na Ocvirka da za svoju knjigu potraži brojne slovenske primjere.
Transforming reading abilities: Unleashing the power of scaffolding in Quizizz
Authors: Sholeh Agus , Qodriyah Lailatul
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of implementing a scaffolding strategy within the Quizizz web platform to enhance reading skills among university students and to determine whether there is a significant difference between students taught with and without the scaffolding strategy, both using Quizizz. The research utilized a quasi-experimental design and was conducted at Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang, targeting second-semester reading classes. The sample consisted of 36 students, evenly divided into an experimental group and a control group, each comprising 18 students. Data were collected using pre-tests and post-tests and analyzed using an independent t-test. The findings reveal a significant improvement in the reading skills of the experimental group compared to the control group, as indicated by higher post-test mean scores (86.1 vs. 72.2). The hypothesis testing via the independent sample t-test yielded a significant value of 0.001, which is below the threshold of 0.05, confirming the statistical significance of the results. The study concludes that the scaffolding strategy is effective in enhancing students' reading skills, making it easier for them to read quickly and comprehend text. The researchers suggest that applying scaffolding strategies in educational tools like Quizizz can provide substantial benefits to learners.
A Review on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in a Medical Device
Authors: Patil Durgesh V. , Basarkar Ganesh D.
Published: December 2024

Medical Device manufacturers have been interested in artificial intelligence (AI). However, there is a constant need to evaluate its use and performance due to system complexity, the variety of their architecture, as well as ethical and legal problems. This study offers a narrative commentary on the past, present, and future applications of machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANN) in medical devices. Finding challenges and issues with AI integration in medical devices was one of the study's main research goals. From clinical engineering to medical applications, artificial intelligence is transforming healthcare. Prior to realizing the full potential, though, ethical, legal, and social issues must be addressed. Its application must also be scrutinized and regulated in terms of fair access, privacy, suitable uses and users, liability, bias, and inclusivity.
Conclusion
The goal of this study is to comprehend technology's accessibility, recognize artificial intelligence's enormous potential in the healthcare industry, and keep tabs on recent scientific advancements to motivate fellow researchers. Up until now, privacy and security, trust, bias, and accountability and accountability issues have dominated ethical discourses on artificial intelligence and health. As the technology's scope continues to grow, more issues will surely surface.
Artificial Intelligence is relatively new when it comes to medical devices. Manufacturers of medical devices are predicted to abandon their conventional business models until 2030 in Favor of new digital artificial intelligence techniques. It is necessary to create a regulatory framework before introducing AI-based MDs to the market. The process of defining AI regulations and policies pertaining to MDs is still in its early stages, according to prominent regulatory bodies globally. In order to facilitate the adoption of regulatory frameworks and standardize the market, international standards pertaining to AI in MDs are required. Organizations like IEEE, ISO, and IEC are working to standardize data quality management and the use of AI in ways that impact human welfare.
Even with acknowledged barriers, it is possible to draw the conclusion that AI has already fundamentally altered the way traditional medicine is practiced, greatly raised the caliber of medical care, and ensured universal health. It remains to be seen how the human population will be affected by the potential for future development of medical AI in addressing issues like chronic illnesses, infectious pandemics, and the aging population.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Enhancing the Future of Regulatory Affairs
Authors: Boopathi Lokesh Kumar , Raja Nandhini
Published: December 2024

This review examines the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, with a focus on enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making in regulatory compliance, drug approvals, and post-market surveillance. Using peer-reviewed articles, regulatory guidelines, industry reports, and case studies, this article explores AI and ML tools such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), advanced analytics, machine learning algorithms, and automated document management. Key applications include risk assessment, regulatory compliance, and the streamlining of drug development processes. The review addresses challenges such as ethical considerations, data quality, transparency, and workforce training requirements that can hinder the implementation of AI and ML.
Future opportunities are identified, including the potential for regulatory agencies and pharmaceutical companies to leverage AI/ML for faster decision-making, reduced regulatory delays, and a more efficient regulatory landscape. However, successful integration will require ongoing workforce training, adaptive regulatory frameworks, and a focus on patient safety and public trust. In conclusion, while AI and ML hold promise for revolutionizing regulatory processes, addressing these challenges will be essential to ensure safe and ethical implementation.
Strategies for implementing quantum error correction in molecular rotation
Authors: Furey Brandon J. , Wu Zhenlin , Isaza-Monsalve Mariano , Walser Stefan , Mattivi Elyas , Nardi René , Schindler Philipp
Published: December 2024

The rotation of trapped molecules offers a promising platform for quantum technologies and quantum information processing. In parallel, quantum error correction codes that can protect quantum information encoded in rotational states of a single molecule have been developed. These codes are currently an abstract concept, as no implementation strategy is yet known. Here, we present a step towards experimental implementation of one family of such codes, namely absorption-emission codes. We first construct architecture-agnostic check and correction operators. These operators are then decomposed into elements of the quantum logic spectroscopy toolbox that is available for molecular ions. We then describe and analyze a measurement-based sequential as well as an autonomous implementation strategy in the presence of thermal background radiation, a major noise source for rotation in polar molecules. The presented strategies and methods might enable robust sensing or even fault-tolerant quantum computing using the rotation of individual molecules.
Approximate Contraction of Arbitrary Tensor Networks with a Flexible and Efficient Density Matrix Algorithm
Authors: Ma Linjian , Fishman Matthew , Stoudenmire Edwin Miles , Solomonik Edgar
Published: December 2024

Tensor network contractions are widely used in statistical physics, quantum computing, and computer science. We introduce a method to efficiently approximate tensor network contractions using low-rank approximations, where each intermediate tensor generated during the contractions is approximated as a low-rank binary tree tensor network. The proposed algorithm has the flexibility to incorporate a large portion of the environment when performing low-rank approximations, which can lead to high accuracy for a given rank. Here, the environment refers to the remaining set of tensors in the network, and low-rank approximations with larger environments can generally provide higher accuracy. For contracting tensor networks defined on lattices, the proposed algorithm can be viewed as a generalization of the standard boundary-based algorithms. In addition, the algorithm includes a cost-efficient density matrix algorithm for approximating a tensor network with a general graph structure into a tree structure, whose computational cost is asymptotically upper-bounded by that of the standard algorithm that uses canonicalization. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique outperforms previously proposed approximate tensor network contraction algorithms for multiple problems in terms of both accuracy and efficiency.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF BUILT-UP STEEL BEAMS WITH DIFFERENT WEB OPENINGS
Authors: Nhabih Hussein Talab , Al-Badkubi Mohammad R.K.M. , Salman Marwa Marza
Published: December 2024

Recently, the usage of Structural Steel Beams with Opening in the Web has spread extensively in all over the world, in various types of buildings such as high-rise buildings and industrial buildings. There are several advantages in using openings in beams. There for, an analytical investigation was carried out on fourSteel Beams with Opening (SBWO) models by using a powerful nonlinear simulation software ABAQUS. The initiative was to study the overall flexural behaviour of (SBWO’s) and to establish the maximum load carrying capacity, and deflection. Only vertical loads have been considered in the (SBWO’s) performance investigation. The Built-Up sections were tested up to failure. The simulated models were considered to be under simply supported condition at their edges and a uniform distributed load were applied over the upper flange of the beam along all beam's length. The flexural behaviour of beams with different opening shapes were tested and compared. The test results proved to be very useful in selecting the opening shape.
STANDARDISING THE QUALITY AND PRICE OF RICE IN LANGSA ACEH
Authors: Nuri Nizla Istianah  , Muhammad Iqbal
Published: December 2024

The instability of rice prices can affect the purchasing power of the community and disrupt social and economic balance. This study aims to examine rice pricing in Kota Langsa, focusing on quality standardization, the application of the Mabi’ concept in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqih muamalah), and its relevance to Peraturan Badan Pangan Nasional No. 2 Tahun 2023 (National Food Agency Regulation No. 2 of 2023). The research employs a socio-legal approach with descriptive analysis, utilizing primary data from interviews and secondary data from related documentation. The findings reveal that rice quality is the main factor in price determination, aligning with the Mabi’ concept, which emphasizes clarity of goods to ensure fair and transparent transactions. Quality standardization based on government regulations ensures that products meet predetermined quality criteria. Additionally, factors such as production costs, distribution, and fluctuations in rice paddy prices also influence price dynamics. This study concludes that the integration of the Mabi’ principle, government regulations, and a healthy market mechanism can create fair rice price stability, benefiting both consumers and producers while supporting the sustainability of the national food system.
HALAL MANAGEMENT OF THE PLTD APUNG TSUNAMI PARK OF ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Muhammad Hafidh Sufli  , Ida Friatna  , Intan Qurratulaini
Published: December 2024

This article aims to analyze the suitability of the management of Kapal PLTD Apung as a halal tourist attraction with the principles contained in Milk al-Daulah and Qanun Number 3 of 2022 concerning the Implementation of Halal Tourism in Banda Aceh city. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods, as well as an empirical juridical approach to evaluate the implementation of halal tourism policies in the field. The research results show that although there have been efforts to adapt the management of Kapal PLTD Apung to halal tourism standards, there are still several challenges, such as physical damage, lack of innovation, lack of accessibility for people with disabilities, lack of halal certification for food and drinks, and lack of facilities. which makes it easier for visitors to access information. However, the management of Kapal PLTD Apung in most aspects reflects sharia values ​​and has great potential to contribute to the development of better and more sustainable halal tourism in Banda Aceh city.
Developing An al-Nahw al-Wadhih Book With A Handout In school (Research and Development Study At Tgk. Chiek Oemar Diyan Aceh Besar)
Authors: Zulfiani Lia , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: December 2024

In this study, the researcher observed that teachers in Oemar Diyan Boarding only use textbooks in teaching and learning activities, causing a decrease in the quality of learning and leading to a decrease in the quality of education. Therefore, students find it difficult to learn Arabic and eventually find the lesson as a burden. As for efforts to overcome these problems, researchers used the Handout media to facilitate students in understanding the lessons, especially in the mabni and mugrab subjects. The purposes of this research were to find out the product development of an-Nahwu al-Wadhih book in mabni and mugrab chapter with media Handout for second-grade students of junior high school, to investigate the students’ responses to an-Nahwu al-Wadhih on Dhamir chapter with media handout, and to explore the validity level of anNahwu al-Wadhih on Dhamir chapter with handout media according to expert validations. Research and development (R&D) methods were utilized in collecting data. Furthermore, the population of this research was 162 students, however, to meet the objective of this research 28 students were chosen as samples. This research produced a new product that is a book titled “Attaisir Fi Ta'lim mabni and mugrab” After going through expert validation processes. The students’ responses to this new product showed that they agreed to the development of the an-Nahwu alWadhih book in the Dhamir chapter with a media mind mapping making it easier for them to learn. The result is obtained from T-test Sig (.05<.100). This shows that the hypothesis is zero (ho) is rejected and hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, it is evident that the usage of handouts is influential in improving student’s understanding of mabni and mugrab lesson.
Variants of the tatar epos “Idegey” (in the Siberian area)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Fazlutdinov Ilnaz I.
Published: December 2024

The dastan “Idegey” gained popularity in all regions where Tatars lived. This article will focus on the variants of the dastan collected in the Tatar villages of Western Siberia and the Teleutes.
The object of the work is to explore variants of the Tatar version of the folk epic “Idegey”.
The subject of the work is the area of distribution of the dastan and the variants found in the specified territory, their ideological and thematic – as well as lexico-stylistic and dialectal – features associated with local affiliation.
The aim of the work is to identify all the variants recorded in Siberia, as well as to provide information about folklore researchers who collected and studied dastan, assessing the contribution of each of the researchers and describing historical inaccuracies of fragments and excerpts published in different years.
The research materials were archival and published versions of the Tatar dastan “Idegey”. Information from literary and historical sources and scientific research was used. The works of famous folklorists were involved, in particular numerous studies and publications of recent years.
We propose to analyze the variants of the Tatar version which were found orally or in writing in different settlements of Siberia and the border regions. They were recorded by informants belonging to different ethnic groups of the Siberian Tatars and preserving dialectal features. The second part was recorded by immigrants from the Volga region, more precisely from villages belonging to the regions of Tatarstan, or copied from texts preserved in their manuscripts. The article considers each option separately, highlights the main motives and plot features, and provides the most complete information about each option to date.