bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Montmorillonite on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress of Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) Fed Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feed
Authors: Liu Dawei , Wu Qinghua , Liu Hongyi , Lu Changhu , Gu Chao , Kuca Kamil , Wu Wenda
Published: July 2020

Background:

The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is one of the most vulnerable bird species in the
world. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and considered naturally unavoidable
contaminants in animal feed. Our recent survey indicated that the mycotoxins had the potential to contaminate redcrowned
crane’s regular diets in China.

Objective:

This experiment was conducted to investigate the protective effects of mycotoxin binder montmorillonite
(Mont) on growth performance, serum biochemistry and oxidative stress parameters of the red-crowned crane.

Methods:

16 red-crowned cranes were divided into four groups and fed one of the following diets; a selected diet,
regular diet, or the selected diet or regular diet with 0.5% montmorillonite added to the diets. The cranes' parameters
of performance, hematology, serum biochemistry and serum oxidative stress were measured.

Results:

Consuming regular diets decreased the average daily feed intake (ADFI), levels of haemoglobin (Hb),
platelet count (PLT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), but
increased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK)
and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The supplementation of 0.5% Mont provided protection for the red-crowned crane
in terms of feed intake, serum biochemistry and oxidative stress. Moreover, Mont supplementation had no adverse
effect on the health of red-crowned crane.

Conclusions:

Taken together, these findings suggested that the addition of dietary Mont is effective in improving the
health of red-crowned crane.
Exploration of Nanoethosomal Transgel of Naproxen Sodium for the Treatment of Arthritis
Authors: Anjum Farzana , Zakir Foziyah , Verma Devina , Aqil Mohd , Singh Manvi , Jain Pooja , Mirza Mohd Aamir , Anwer Md. Khalid , Iqbal Zeenat
Published: July 2020

Background:

The present work aimed to develop an ethosomal gel of naproxen sodium for
the amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:

In the present work, we have explored the potential of ethosomes to deliver naproxen into
deeper skin strata. Further, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of naproxen ethosomal formulation was assessed
using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model.

Methods:

Naproxen sodium nanoethosomes were prepared using different proportions of lipoid S100
(50mg-200mg), ethanol (20-50%) and water, and were further characterized on the basis of vesicle
morphology, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo permeation studies.

Results:

The optimized ethosomal formulation was found to have 129 ± 0.01 nm particle size, 0.295
Polydispersity Index (PDI), -3.29 mV zeta potential, 88% entrapment efficiency and 96.573% drug
release in 24 hours. TEM and SEM analysis of the optimized formulation showed slightly smooth
spherical structures. The Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that ethosomes could easily infiltrate
into deeper dermal layers (upto 104.9μm) whereas the hydroalcoholic solution of the drug could
penetrate up to 74.9μm. Further, the optimized ethosomal formulation was incorporated into 1% carbopol
934 gel base and optimized wherein the transdermal flux was found to be approximately 10 times
more than the hydroethanolic solution. Also, the in-vivo pharmacodynamic study of the optimized ethosomal
gel exhibited a higher percentage inhibition of swelling paw edema than marketed diclofenac gel.

Conclusion:

The ethosomal gel was successfully developed and has shown the potential to be a good
option for the replacement of conventional therapies of rheumatoid arthritis.
Microbiota-Immune System Interactions in Human Neurological Disorders
Authors: Huang Qin , Yu Fang , Liao Di , Xia Jian
Published: July 2020

Recent studies implicate microbiota-brain communication as an essential factor for physiology and pathophysiology in brain function and neurodevelopment. One of the pivotal mechanisms about gut to brain communication is through the regulation and interaction of gut microbiota on the host immune system. In this review, we will discuss the role of microbiota-immune systeminteractions in human neurological disorders. The characteristic features in the development of neurological diseases include gut dysbiosis, the disturbed intestinal/Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) permeability, the activated inflammatory response, and the changed microbial metabolites. Neurological disorders contribute to gut dysbiosis and some relevant metabolites in a top-down way. In turn, the activated immune system induced by the change of gut microbiota may deteriorate the development of neurological diseases through the disturbed gut/BBB barrier in a down-top way. Understanding the characterization and identification of microbiome-immune- brain signaling pathways will help us to yield novel therapeutic strategies by targeting the gut microbiome in neurological disease.
Fibrosis and Regulation of Nerve Regeneration in the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems
Authors: Ghosh Nilabh , Kalbermatten Daniel , Madduri Srinivas , Guzman Raphael
Published: July 2020

The concepts of the neurobiology of nerve injury, fibrosis and regeneration are critical. Millions
of people worldwide are affected every year by traumatic and non-traumatic forms of injury to
the spinal cord or the peripheral nerves that cause huge socioeconomic burdens. Innumerable studies
over the last few decades have studied the disease pathogenesis. Also, several strategies and techniques
have undertaken to repair injuries in the PNS and CNS, but all have resulted in suboptimal
functional outcomes. In this review, we have provided a general description of injury-induced scarring
and fibrosis in the PNS and CNS. We also discuss the important signaling factors and mechanistic
pathways that regulate the disease pathogenesis. We further discuss the current paradigms that suggest
the involvement of essential factors in and during disease progression. We believe that readers and researchers
will gain key insights into how fibrosis regulates the regenerative process in the PNS and
CNS. We hope this review will help clinicians and scientists to address an unmet medical need and direct
further studies towards the identification of better therapeutic approaches.
Preliminary Testing of Efficacy of the Invented Sensory Re-education Device (SRED) on Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Al-Shahry Fayz S. , Alquhatani Maha , Sudersanadas Kavita , Iqbal Raza M
Published: July 2020

Background:

Sensory rehabilitation is considered one of the challenges and a persistent functional deficit in the long term. All rehabilitation paradigms use re-education in many different ways. The main issue here is that the brain mostly recognizes, considers and reacts with structured, and consistent input. Likewise, all the sensory rehabilitation techniques try to use a systematic input (type, pattern, timing and intensity) to regain or re-establish any type of sensation but none of these are perfectly systematic.

Methods:

For this reason, we developed a Sensory Re-Education Device (SRED) which allows a systematic sensory input “type, pattern, timing and intensity input” supported by software to operate the system and manage the data. Five senses (light touch, pinprick, hot-cold, vibration, and smell) were uploaded and constructed to allow different types, intensities, frequencies, patterns, and timing. Eight cases of Breast Cancer (BC) post-chemotherapy and Diabetes Mellitus II (DM2) were recruited for eight sessions. (Only hot-cold, smell, and light touch were used in this trial.)

Result:

The outcome was very impressive, as most of the patients regained their sensibility at a rate of over 80%.

Conclusion:

The outcome and the related treatment factors were showing a positive consistency. This is very encouraging, though a large sample is required to establish significance. The team members welcome any feedback, suggestions, and critiques via the PI email below.
Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Treatment for Osteoid Osteoma of The Spine. A Case Report
Authors: Mariniello Giuseppe , Pagano Serena , Teodonno Giuseppe , Russo Camilla , Pontillo Giuseppe , Di Stasi Martina , Klain Michele , Puoti Gianfranco , Elefante Andrea
Published: July 2020

Osteoid osteomas are benign but painful bone-forming tumors usually involving long bones, with localization at the spine in 10-20% of the cases. The most common symptom is back pain responding to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but in some cases, also radicular pain can be present. For years, surgical excision has been considered the best choice of treatment for cases with unresponsive pain and has been practiced with a high percentage of success but also a high rate of fusion with instrumentation. In the last years, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation has been proposed as a new mini-invasive technique for the treatment of osteoid osteomas.
Islanding Detection Parameters for Integrated Distributed Generation
Authors: Raju S. Govinda , Reddy K. Harinadha , Reddy Ch. Rami
Published: July 2020

Background:

The growth of renewable energy sources is increasing in the world to meet the energy
consumption demand. The major problem after the integration of renewable sources is islanding. The islanding is not safe
for equipment and customers. As per Distributed Generation (DG) interconnection standards, it should be detected within
2 seconds.

Objective:

This paper presents the review of various islanding detection methods for increasing the stability of islanded
DG. This will help future researchers for selecting the best islanding detection method with zero NDZ.

Methods & Results:

The islanding detection methods are classified as local and remote techniques. The local techniques
are again classified as active, passive and hybrid methods. Each method is presented with their islanding detection time,
power quality issues, Non Detection Zone (NDZ), advantages and disadvantages.

Conclusion:

The fuzzy based artificial intelligence with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) passive methods have been
reduced the NDZ to zero and increase the stability of DG without degrading the power quality as active and passive
methods.
Usability and Acceptability of a Mobile App to Help Emerging Adults Address their Friends' Substance Use (Harbor): Quantitative Study
Authors: Bennett Kyle Michael , Clary Kelly Lynn , Smith Douglas Cary , Lee Carol Ann
Published: July 2020

Background

Technology-assisted intervention and prevention strategies present opportunities for substance use–related research with emerging adults (EAs) and their peers. Emerging adulthood is a developmentally distinct period in which individuals between the ages of 18 and 29 years undergo unique emotional, cultural, developmental, and biological changes as they transition into adulthood. Crowdsourcing, or gathering feedback from a large group within web-based communities, offers researchers a unique and cost-effective way to obtain large amounts of information in a short period.

Objective

This paper presents market feedback obtained via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk from EAs (N=458) on the acceptability and utility of brief intervention scripts for a smartphone app currently under development. The mobile app, Harbor, teaches friends of EAs with substance use problems effective and supportive strategies for helping their friend make changes in their substance use behavior.

Methods

We examined feedback on the wording of the intervention scripts and estimated the market size of EAs who may use this app. Furthermore, we calculated correlations between script ratings and measures of personal risky drinking (ie, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test) and the participants’ use of confrontational, enabling, or supportive behaviors with an existing friend.

Results

Approximately half of our sample (208/458, 45.4%) indicated that they had a close friend for whom they had concerns about their substance use, suggesting a potentially high demand for an app such as Harbor. Initial findings suggest that peers who engage in less enabling behaviors with friends who have a substance use problem exhibited lower risky drinking behaviors overall (r206=−0.501; P<.001). Concerning acceptability, 98.0% (449/458) of the sample rated the scripts’ dialogue as either somewhat, moderately, or extremely realistic (mean 3.92, SD 0.48) on 5-point Likert scale items. Finally, 95.4% (437/454) of respondents indicated that the scripts would be at least slightly helpful for training peers to help their friends with substance use issues. Finally, individuals who were better able to identify enabling language in enabling scripts self-reported fewer enabling behaviors toward their friend’s substance use (r206=−0.236; P=.001).

Conclusions

There exists a demonstrated level of desirability and acceptability among EAs for a mobile app such as Harbor. EAs who wish to engage in more supportive behaviors with their friends who engage in substance use and who are amenable to assisting their friends with sobriety likely would use and benefit from this app.
Utility and Perceived Value of a Provincial Digital Diagnostic Imaging Repository: Multimethod Study
Authors: Wickerson Lisa , Fujioka Jamie K , Kishimoto Vanessa , Jamieson Trevor , Fine Ben , Bhatia R Sacha , Desveaux Laura
Published: July 2020

Background

Timely and comprehensive diagnostic image sharing across institutional and regional boundaries can produce multiple benefits while supporting integrated models of care. In Ontario, Canada, the Diagnostic Imaging Common Service (DICS) was created as a centralized imaging repository to enable the sharing and viewing of diagnostic images and associated reports across hospital-based and community-based clinicians throughout the province.

Objective

The aims of this study were as follows: (1) to explore real-world utilization and perceived clinical value of the DICS following the provision of system-wide access and (2) to identify strategies to optimize the technology platform functionality and encourage adoption.

Methods

This multimethod study included semistructured interviews with physicians and administrative stakeholders and descriptive analysis of the
current DICS usage data.

Results

In this study, 41 participants were interviewed, that is, 34 physicians and 7 administrative stakeholders. The following 4 key themes emerged: (1) utilization of the DICS depended on the awareness of the technology and the preferred channels for accessing images, which varied widely, (2) clinical responsibilities and available institutional resources were the drivers of utilization (or lack thereof), (3) centralized image repositories were perceived to offer value at the patient, clinician, and health care system levels, and (4) the enabling factors to realize value included aspects of technology infrastructure (ie, available functionality) alongside policy supports. High-volume DICS usage was not evenly distributed throughout the province.

Conclusions

Suboptimal adoption of the DICS was driven by poor awareness and variations in the clinical workflow. Alignment with physician workflow, policy supports, and investment in key technological features and infrastructure would improve functionality and data comprehensiveness, thereby optimizing health system performance, patient and provider experience, population health, and health care costs.
Digital Health Coaching Programs Among Older Employees in Transition to Retirement: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Stara Vera , Santini Sara , Kropf Johannes , D'Amen Barbara
Published: July 2020

Background

The rapid increase of the aging population is pushing many national governments to reshape retirement legislation in order to extend older adults’ working life. Once retired, older adults can be invaluable resources for the community as family carers, as volunteers, or by returning to work. Healthy aging is one of the main conditions for being able to work longer and being active after retirement. The latter, indeed, represents a very sensitive life transition, which can entail psychological and social difficulties. Interventions for promoting older workers’ health and well-being and supporting the transition to retirement are on the top of the policy agenda of most European countries. Recently, computer-based and digital health interventions have been seen as promising means to reach this purpose.

Objective

This systematic literature review aimed to explore studies on digital health coaching programs for older workers that followed a user-centered design approach and evaluated their effectiveness in providing older adults with guidance for adopting a healthy lifestyle and being active in the community.

Methods

The search identified 1931 papers, and 2 relevant articles were selected by applying specific eligibility criteria.

Results

To our knowledge, only few digital health coaching programs have targeted the population of older workers to date; there is an insufficient number of studies on the efficacy of such programs. The results show the difficulties of assessing the efficacy of digital coaching itself and with respect to older employees. The 2 studies suggest that digital health programs for workplaces can improve various aspects of older employees’ well-being; however, they considered health mainly from a physical perspective and neglected contextual, social, psychological, and cultural factors that can influence older workers’ health and general well-being. Future digital health coaching programs should adopt the healthy aging paradigm as a multidimensional lens for interpreting the impact of eHealth technology on aging and retirement. The literature around this issue remains at an embryonic state, and this gap needs to be filled by further investigations that apply a user-centered approach for designing the technology, test innovative research methodologies, and adopt new technical solutions for high-quality interaction design.

Conclusions

Further digital health coaching programs aimed at supporting healthy and active living for older workers and retirees are necessary. The user-centered design approach is recommended in order to fully address the users’ health needs and the technological requirements throughout development. Moreover, the healthy aging perspective allows inclusion of physical, social, and psychological factors influencing the transition from work to retirement, as well as the experiences and interactions of individuals with the technology.
Understanding the Information Needs and Context of Trauma Handoffs to Design Automated Sensing Clinical Documentation Technologies: Qualitative Mixed-Method Study of Military and Civilian Cases
Authors: Novak Laurie Lovett , Simpson Christopher L , Coco Joseph , McNaughton Candace D , Ehrenfeld Jesse M , Bloos Sean M , Fabbri Daniel
Published: July 2020

Background

Current methods of communication between the point of injury and receiving medical facilities rely on verbal communication, supported by brief notes and the memory of the field medic. This communication can be made more complete and reliable with technologies that automatically document the actions of field medics. However, designing state-of-the-art technology for military field personnel and civilian first responders is challenging due to the barriers researchers face in accessing the environment and understanding situated actions and cognitive models employed in the field.

Objective

To identify design insights for an automated sensing clinical documentation (ASCD) system, we sought to understand what information is transferred in trauma cases between prehospital and hospital personnel, and what contextual factors influence the collection, management, and handover of information in trauma cases, in both military and civilian cases.

Methods

Using a multi-method approach including video review and focus groups, we developed an understanding of the information needs of trauma handoffs and the context of field documentation to inform the design of an automated sensing documentation system that uses wearables, cameras, and environmental sensors to passively infer clinical activity and automatically produce documentation.

Results

Comparing military and civilian trauma documentation and handoff, we found similarities in the types of data collected and the prioritization of information. We found that military environments involved many more contextual factors that have implications for design, such as the physical environment (eg, heat, lack of lighting, lack of power) and the potential for active combat and triage, creating additional complexity.

Conclusions

An ineffectiveness of communication is evident in both the civilian and military worlds. We used multiple methods of inquiry to study the information needs of trauma care and handoff, and the context of medical work in the field. Our findings informed the design and evaluation of an automated documentation tool. The data illustrated the need for more accurate recordkeeping, specifically temporal aspects, during transportation, and characterized the environment in which field testing of the developed tool will take place. The employment of a systems perspective in this project produced design insights that our team would not have identified otherwise. These insights created exciting and interesting challenges for the technical team to resolve.
Patients and Medical Staff Attitudes Toward the Future Inclusion of eHealth in Tuberculosis Management: Perspectives From Six Countries Evaluated using a Qualitative Framework
Authors: Margineanu Ioana , Louka Christina , Vincenti-Gonzalez Maria , Saktiawati Antonia Morita Iswari , Schierle Johannes , Abass Kabiru Mohammed , Akkerman Onno , Alffenaar Jan-Willem , Ranchor Adelita V , Stienstra Ymkje
Published: July 2020

Background

Digitally delivering healthcare services is very attractive for tuberculosis (TB) management as this disease has a complex diagnosis and lengthy management and involves multiple medical and nonmedical specialists. Especially in low- and middle-income countries, eHealth could potentially offer cost-effective solutions to bridge financial, social, time, and distance challenges.

Objective

The goal of the research is to understand what would make eHealth globally applicable and gain insight into different TB situations, opportunities, and challenges.

Methods

We performed focus group interviews with TB experts and patients from 6 different countries on 4 different continents. The focus group interviews followed the theory of planned behavior framework to offer structured recommendations for a versatile eHealth solution. The focus group interviews were preceded by a general demographic and technology use questionnaire. Questionnaire results were analyzed using basic statistics in Excel (Microsoft Corporation). Focus group interview data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti 8 (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH) by assigning codes to quotations and grouping codes into the 5 domains within the framework.

Results

A total of 29 patients and 32 medical staff members were included in our study. All medical staff had used the internet, whereas 31% (9/61) of patients had never been online. The codes with the most quotations were information in relation to eHealth (144 quotations) and communication (67 quotations). The consensus among all participants from all countries is that there are important communication and information gaps that could be bridged by an eHealth app. Participants from different countries also highlighted different challenges, such as a majority of asylum-seeker patients or lack of infrastructure that could be addressed with an eHealth app.

Conclusions

Within the 6 countries interviewed, there is high enthusiasm toward eHealth in TB. A potential app could first target information and communication gaps in TB, with additional modules aimed at setting-specific challenges.
Impacts of Motion-Based Technology on Balance, Movement Confidence, and Cognitive Function Among People With Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Pre- and Posttest Study
Authors: Dove Erica , Wang Rosalie , Zabjek Karl , Astell Arlene
Published: July 2020

Background

While exercise can benefit the health and well-being of people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, many exercise programs offered to this population are passive, unengaging, and inaccessible, resulting in poor adherence. Motion-based technologies are increasingly being explored to encourage exercise participation among people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. However, the impacts of using motion-based technologies with people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment on variables including balance, movement confidence, and cognitive function have yet to be determined.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of a group motion-based technology intervention on balance, movement confidence, and cognitive function among people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.

Methods

In this quasi-experimental pre- and posttest design, we will recruit 24 people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment from 4 adult day programs and invite them to play Xbox Kinect bowling in a group setting, twice weekly for 10 weeks. We will require participants to speak and understand English, be without visual impairment, and be able to stand and walk. At pretest, participants will complete the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). We will video record participants during weeks 1, 5, and 10 of the intervention to capture behavioral indicators of movement confidence (eg, fluency of motion) through coding. At posttest, the Mini-BESTest and MoCA will be repeated. We will analyze quantitative data collected through the Mini-BESTest and the MoCA using an intent-to-treat analysis, with study site and number of intervention sessions attended as covariates. To analyze the videos, we will extract count and percentage data from the coded recordings.

Results

This study will address the question of whether a group motion-based technology intervention, delivered in an adult day program context, has the potential to impact balance, movement confidence, and cognitive function among people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. The project was funded in 2019 and enrollment was completed on February 28, 2020. Data analysis is underway and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2021.

Conclusions

This study will assess the feasibility and potential benefits of using motion-based technology to deliver exercise interventions to people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. This work can also be used as the basis for developing specific software and future exercise programs using motion-based technology for people with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, as well as understanding some of the conditions in which these programs can be delivered.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18209
Theme Trends and Knowledge Structure on Mobile Health Apps: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Peng Cheng , He Miao , Cutrona Sarah L , Kiefe Catarina I , Liu Feifan , Wang Zhongqing
Published: July 2020

Background

Due to the widespread and unprecedented popularity of mobile phones, the use of digital medicine and mobile health apps has seen significant growth. Mobile health apps have tremendous potential for monitoring and treating diseases, improving patient care, and promoting health.

Objective

This paper aims to explore research trends, coauthorship networks, and the research hot spots of mobile health app research.

Methods

Publications related to mobile health apps were retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science database with no language restrictions. Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder was employed to extract bibliographic information (publication year and journal source) and perform a descriptive analysis. We then used the VOSviewer (Leiden University) tool to construct and visualize the co-occurrence networks of researchers, research institutions, countries/regions, citations, and keywords.

Results

We retrieved 2802 research papers on mobile health apps published from 2000 to 2019. The number of annual publications increased over the past 19 years. JMIR mHealth and uHealth (323/2802, 11.53%), Journal of Medical Internet Research (106/2802, 3.78%), and JMIR Research Protocols (82/2802, 2.93%) were the most common journals for these publications. The United States (1186/2802, 42.33%), England (235/2802, 8.39%), Australia (215/2802, 7.67%), and Canada (112/2802, 4.00%) were the most productive countries of origin. The University of California San Francisco, the University of Washington, and the University of Toronto were the most productive institutions. As for the authors’ contributions, Schnall R, Kuhn E, Lopez-Coronado M, and Kim J were the most active researchers. The co-occurrence cluster analysis of the top 100 keywords forms 5 clusters: (1) the technology and system development of mobile health apps; (2) mobile health apps for mental health; (3) mobile health apps in telemedicine, chronic disease, and medication adherence management; (4) mobile health apps in health behavior and health promotion; and (5) mobile health apps in disease prevention via the internet.

Conclusions

We summarize the recent advances in mobile health app research and shed light on their research frontier, trends, and hot topics through bibliometric analysis and network visualization. These findings may provide valuable guidance on future research directions and perspectives in this rapidly developing field.
Harnessing Telemedicine for the Provision of Health Care: Bibliometric and Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Waqas Ahmed , Teoh Soo Huat , Lapão Luís Velez , Messina Luiz Ary , Correia Jorge César
Published: July 2020

Background

In recent decades, advances in information technology have given new momentum to telemedicine research. These advances in telemedicine range from individual to population levels, allowing the exchange of patient information for diagnosis and management of health problems, primary care prevention, and education of physicians via distance learning.

Objective

This scientometric investigation aims to examine collaborative research networks, dominant research themes and disciplines, and seminal research studies that have contributed most to the field of telemedicine. This information is vital for scientists, institutions, and policy stakeholders to evaluate research areas where more infrastructural or scholarly contributions are required.

Methods

For analyses, we used CiteSpace (version 4.0 R5; Drexel University), which is a Java-based software that allows scientometric analysis, especially visualization of collaborative networks and research themes in a specific field.

Results

We found that scholarly activity has experienced a significant increase in the last decade. Most important works were conducted by institutions located in high-income countries. A discipline-specific shift from radiology to telestroke, teledermatology, telepsychiatry, and primary care was observed. The most important innovations that yielded a collaborative influence were reported in the following medical disciplines, in descending order: public environmental and occupational health, psychiatry, pediatrics, health policy and services, nursing, rehabilitation, radiology, pharmacology, surgery, respiratory medicine, neurosciences, obstetrics, and geriatrics.

Conclusions

Despite a continuous rise in scholarly activity in telemedicine, we noticed several gaps in the literature. For instance, all the primary and secondary research central to telemedicine was conducted in the context of high-income countries, including the evidence synthesis approaches that pertained to implementation aspects of telemedicine. Furthermore, the research landscape and implementation of telemedicine infrastructure are expected to see exponential progress during and after the COVID-19 era.
Designing a Web-Based Psychological Intervention for Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Humphries Sophia Monica , Rondung Elisabet , Norlund Fredrika , Sundin Örjan , Tornvall Per , Held Claes , Spaak Jonas , Lyngå Patrik , Olsson Erik M G
Published: July 2020

Background

The involvement of patient research partners (PRPs) in research aims to safeguard the needs of patient groups and produce new interventions that are developed based on patient input. Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), unlike acute myocardial infarction (MI) with obstructive coronary arteries, is presented with no significant obstructive coronary artery disease. Patients with this diagnosis are a subset of those diagnosed with traditional MI and often need more psychological support, something that is presently not established in the current treatment scheme in Swedish health care or elsewhere, to our knowledge. An internet-delivered intervention might offer patients with MINOCA the opportunity to access a psychological treatment that is tailored to their specific needs after MINOCA and could therefore supplement the existing medical care in an easily accessible format.

Objective

This paper aims to describe the development of a therapist-guided, internet-delivered psychological intervention designed specifically for patients with MINOCA.

Methods

The study used a participatory design that involved 7 PRPs diagnosed with MINOCA who collaborated with a team consisting of researchers, cardiologists, and psychologists. Intervention content was developed iteratively and presented to the PRPs across several prototypes, each continually adjusted and redesigned according to the feedback received. The intervention and experience of it were discussed by PRPs in a final meeting and then presented to a panel of 2 clinical psychologists and a cardiologist for further input.

Results

The outcome of the collaboration between PRPs and the research group produced a web-based psychological 9-step program focusing on stress, worry, and valued action. The input from PRPs contributed substantially to the therapy content, homework tasks, interactive activities, multimedia, and design presentation.

Conclusions

Working with PRPs to develop an intervention for people with MINOCA produced a web-based intervention that can be further evaluated with the goal of offering a new psychological treatment option to a patient group currently without one. Direct contribution from PRPs enabled us to obtain relevant, insightful, and valuable feedback that was put towards the overall design and content of the intervention.
Guiding Pay-As-You-Live Health Insurance Models Toward Responsible Innovation in Health
Authors: Alami Hassane , Rivard Lysanne , de Oliveira Robson Rocha , Lehoux Pascale , Cadeddu Stéphanie Bernadette Mafalda , Savoldelli Mathilde , Ag Ahmed Mohamed Ali , Fortin Jean-Paul
Published: July 2020

While the transition toward digitalized health care and service delivery challenges many publicly and privately funded health systems, patients are already producing a phenomenal amount of data on their health and lifestyle through their personal use of mobile technologies. To extract value from such user-generated data, a new insurance model is emerging called Pay-As-You-Live (PAYL). This model differs from other insurance models by offering to support clients in the management of their health in a more interactive yet directive manner. Despite significant promises for clients, there are critical issues that remain unaddressed, especially as PAYL models can significantly disrupt current collective insurance models and question the social contract in so-called universal and public health systems. In this paper, we discuss the following issues of concern: the quantification of health-related behavior, the burden of proof of compliance, client data privacy, and the potential threat to health insurance models based on risk mutualization. We explore how more responsible health insurance models in the digital health era could be developed, particularly by drawing from the Responsible Innovation in Health framework.
Global Research on Coronaviruses: An R Package
Authors: Warin Thierry
Published: July 2020

Background

In these trying times, we developed an R package about bibliographic references on coronaviruses. Working with reproducible research principles based on open science, disseminating scientific information, providing easy access to scientific production on this particular issue, and offering a rapid integration in researchers’ workflows may help save time in this race against the virus, notably in terms of public health.

Objective

The goal is to simplify the workflow of interested researchers, with multidisciplinary research in mind. With more than 60,500 medical bibliographic references at the time of publication, this package is among the largest about coronaviruses.

Methods

This package could be of interest to epidemiologists, researchers in scientometrics, biostatisticians, as well as data scientists broadly defined. This package collects references from PubMed and organizes the data in a data frame. We then built functions to sort through this collection of references. Researchers can also integrate the data into their pipeline and implement them in R within their code libraries.

Results

We provide a short use case in this paper based on a bibliometric analysis of the references made available by this package. Classification techniques can also be used to go through the large volume of references and allow researchers to save time on this part of their research. Network analysis can be used to filter the data set. Text mining techniques can also help researchers calculate similarity indices and help them focus on the parts of the literature that are relevant for their research.

Conclusions

This package aims at accelerating research on coronaviruses. Epidemiologists can integrate this package into their workflow. It is also possible to add a machine learning layer on top of this package to model the latest advances in research about coronaviruses, as we update this package daily. It is also the only one of this size, to the best of our knowledge, to be built in the R language.
Exploring the Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Social Media Study
Authors: Cotté François-Emery , Voillot Paméla , Bennett Bryan , Falissard Bruno , Tzourio Christophe , Foulquié Pierre , Gaudin Anne-Françoise , Lemasson Hervé , Grumberg Valentine , McDonald Laura , Faviez Carole , Schück Stéphane
Published: July 2020

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used to treat several types of tumors. Impact of this emerging therapy on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is usually collected in clinical trials through standard questionnaires. However, this might not fully reflect HRQoL of patients under real-world conditions. In parallel, users’ narratives from social media represent a potential new source of research concerning HRQoL.

Objective

The aim of this study is to assess and compare coverage of ICI-treated patients’ HRQoL domains and subdomains in standard questionnaires from clinical trials and in real-world setting from social media posts.

Methods

A retrospective study was carried out by collecting social media posts in French language written by internet users mentioning their experiences with ICIs between January 2011 and August 2018. Automatic and manual extractions were implemented to create a corpus where domains and subdomains of HRQoL were classified. These annotations were compared with domains covered by 2 standard HRQoL questionnaires, the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the FACT-G.

Results

We identified 150 users who described their own experience with ICI (89/150, 59.3%) or that of their relative (61/150, 40.7%), with 137 users (91.3%) reporting at least one HRQoL domain in their social media posts. A total of 8 domains and 42 subdomains of HRQoL were identified: Global health (1 subdomain; 115 patients), Symptoms (13; 76), Emotional state (10; 49), Role (7; 22), Physical activity (4; 13), Professional situation (3; 9), Cognitive state (2; 2), and Social state (2; 2). The QLQ-C30 showed a wider global coverage of social media HRQoL subdomains than the FACT-G, 45% (19/42) and 29% (12/42), respectively. For both QLQ-C30 and FACT-G questionnaires, coverage rates were particularly suboptimal for Symptoms (68/123, 55.3% and 72/123, 58.5%, respectively), Emotional state (7/49, 14% and 24/49, 49%, respectively), and Role (17/22, 77% and 15/22, 68%, respectively).

Conclusions

Many patients with cancer are using social media to share their experiences with immunotherapy. Collecting and analyzing their spontaneous narratives are helpful to capture and understand their HRQoL in real-world setting. New measures of HRQoL are needed to provide more in-depth evaluation of Symptoms, Emotional state, and Role among patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy.
Peer-to-Peer Health Communication in Older Adults’ Online Communities: Protocol for a Qualitative Netnographic Study and Co-Design Approach
Authors: Lawless Michael Thomas , Archibald Mandy , Pinero de Plaza Maria Alejandra , Drioli-Phillips Phoebe , Kitson Alison
Published: July 2020

Background

Online communities provide an environment in which people with similar health concerns can interact and access content that can support the self-management of long-term conditions (LTCs). Recently, the importance of online social networks as sources of health information and social support has been brought into focus with the emergence and widespread societal impacts of COVID-19. Although online communities exist for older adults, little is known about the specific health and self-care topics that older people discuss in such environments and how these relate to users’ support needs and outcomes. A better understanding of users’ needs and peer-to-peer communication in these communities is necessary to inform the design of information and communication technology (ICT) interventions that are relevant to older people and their peer supporters.

Objective

This study aims to use a two-phase, web-based ethnographic (netnography) and co-design approach to explore specific health care and self-care topics that older adults discuss in a UK-based online community and how peer supporters respond to these queries with informational and/or social support and engage with stakeholders to define the needs and requirements for new ICT-based interventions capable of reducing social isolation and facilitating LTC self-management support.

Methods

The first phase of the research will involve a qualitative netnographic analysis of posts in discussion forums in a publicly accessible online community. The second phase will involve co-design workshops with health care consumers (ie, older adults and carers) and service providers to determine the needs and requirements for new ICT-based interventions and digital innovations. Constructivist grounded theory will be used in the first phase; in the second phase, the co-design workshops will be audiorecorded and analyzed thematically.

Results

This research project is in progress. Permission was obtained from the website administrator to use materials from the social media forum; data collection for the first phase began in April 2020. The second phase of the study is expected to begin in late 2020. This study is due to be completed by the end of 2021.

Conclusions

This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to combine qualitative netnography with an iterative co-design framework to specify the needs and requirements for new ICT-based interventions. The findings from this study will inform the next phase of the multiphase knowledge translation project and will provide insights into the potential of online peer health communities to reduce social isolation and facilitate chronic illness self-management support and self-care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/19834
Perceptions, Knowledge, and Behaviors Related to COVID-19 Among Social Media Users: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Khawla F , Whitebridge Simon , Jamal Mohammad H , Alsafy Mohammad , Atkin Stephen L
Published: July 2020

Background

Social media is one of the most rapid and impactful ways of obtaining and delivering information in the modern era.

Objective

The aim of this study was to rapidly obtain information on public perceptions, knowledge, and behaviors related to COVID-19 in order to identify deficiencies in key areas of public education.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional study design, a survey web link was posted on the social media and messaging platforms Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp by the study investigators. Participants, aged ≥18 years, filled out the survey on a voluntary basis. The main outcomes measured were knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, protective measures against COVID-19, and source(s) of information about COVID-19. Subgroup analyses were conducted to determine the effects of age, gender, underlying illness, and working or studying in the health care industry on the perceived likelihood of acquiring COVID-19 and getting vaccinated.

Results

A total of 5677 subjects completed the survey over the course of 1 week. “Fever or chills” (n=4973, 87.6%) and “shortness of breath” (n=4695, 82.7%) were identified as the main symptoms of COVID-19. Washing and sanitizing hands (n=4990, 87.9%) and avoiding public places and crowds (n=4865, 85.7%) were identified as the protective measures most frequently used against COVID-19. Social media was the most utilized source for information on the disease (n=4740, 83.5%), followed by the World Health Organization (n=2844, 50.1%). Subgroup analysis revealed that younger subjects (<35 years), males, and those working or studying in health care reported a higher perceived likelihood of acquiring COVID-19, whereas older subjects, females, and those working or studying in non–health care areas reported a lower perceived likelihood of acquiring COVID-19. Similar trends were observed for vaccination against COVID-19, with older subjects, females, and those working or studying in non–health care sectors reporting a lower likelihood of vaccinating against COVID-19.

Conclusions

Our results are indicative of a relatively well-informed cohort implementing appropriate protective measures. However, key knowledge deficiencies exist with regards to vaccination against COVID-19, which future efforts should aim at correcting.