bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El pasado de un futuro incierto. Memorias docentes, comunidades y cierre de escuelas rurales (Buenos Aires, Argentina, años 70-80)
Authors: De Marco Celeste
Published: November 2024

This article addresses the issue of rural school closures, a current yet scarcely examined problem. Our contribution lies in reconstructing, from a historical perspective, the characteristics of teaching work and its connection with rural educational communities in the province of Buenos Aires (Argentina) during the 1970s and 1980s. To achieve our objective, we chose Pila, a "rural town," as our setting. We utilized a combination of sources with an emphasis on autobiographical interviews with former teachers, which allowed us to rescue from oblivion the prior history of currently closed establishments. This approach aims to appreciate what was built, interpret the transformations experienced, and challenge persistent issues.
Nők és férfiak egészségmagatartása a digitális térben: tények, trendek 2021-ben és 2024-ben - reprezentatív, lakossági minta eredményei alapján
Authors: Győrffy Zsuzsa , Döbrössy Bence , Wernigg András , Girasek Edmond
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The health and illness behavior of women and men is an important area of study in the sociology of health. Digital health solutions have an impact on these phenomena as well. Methods: Our research is based on 2 representative population-based questionnaire surveys, which were done in 2021 (n= 1500) and 2024 (n=1100) respectively. In our study we used descriptive methods to analyze online health-related information seeking behavior, digital health-related options and tools. Results: The results show that although women continue to make a higher use of some digital health solutions such as e-prescription and telemedicine, the gap between men and women has decreased in other areas such as transferring health data, while men took the lead in smart device use. Population data for 2024 indicate that the gap between men and women in the use of health information resources has also narrowed significantly. Summary: Our 2021 research shows a clear female dominance in both online health information searching and using digital solutions. By 2024, these differences have narrowed significantly, and digital health solutions have become part of everyday life. This is indicated by the almost 80% awareness and use of e-prescription, online appointment booking and EESZT.
Szisztematikus szakirodalmi áttekintés a figyelemhiányos/hiperaktivitás-zavarral élő gyermekek bántalmazása hátterében álló egyéni és interperszonális rizikófaktorokról
Authors: Szűcs Dóra , Mohácsi Bernadett
Published: November 2024

Objective: To provide comprehensive knowledge of the factors behind abuse by parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Are children with ADHD are really at increased risk of child abuse? Is there a relationship between the onset of ADHD (hyperactive/impulsive-, attention deficit, combined) and the type of abuse? Does parental ADHD predispose to abuse? Finally, what are the long-term effects on a child with ADHD? Method: The study is following the PRISMA guidelines, 32 out of 683 studies were selected in the study sample. Result: The group of children with ADHD can indeed be identified as a risk group. The hyperactive type was associated with physical and emotional abuse and neglect of parental authority, attention deficit was associated with physical and sexual abuse, and custody and physical neglect. Parental ADHD has been identified as a risk factor, too. The long-term consequences were drug-use, in addition to the intensification of ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: We argue for the risk factor-reducing importance of parental education and psychological therapy.
Antal Z. László: Egészségszociológia holisztikus megközelítésben. Válogatott tanulmányok - recenzió
Authors: Vatai Soma
Published: November 2024

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Yaseminler Tüter mi, Hâlâ?’da Tarihsel, Kültürel Yansımalar ve EOKA
Authors: Yıldız Osman
Published: November 2024

Alev Alatlı’nın Yaseminler Tüter mi, Hâlâ? adlı romanı, Kıbrıs’ın tarihsel ve kültürel özelliklerine dair birçok malzemeyi içinde barındırmasının yanı sıra roman kahramanı Eleni üzerinden 1955 – 1967 arasında Kıbrıs’ta cereyan eden olaylara da yer verilir. Henüz “on iki yaşlarında” olan Eleni’nin değişen yaşam döngüsü, zaman zaman EOKA’nın ve TMT’nin faaliyetleriyle de kesişir. Bu kesişmede Eleni için en acıtıcı ve öldürücü olan EOKA’nın varlığıdır. Dolayısıyla roman kurgusu, başlangıcından sonuna kadar EOKA’nın faaliyetleri etrafında şekillenir. EOKA’nın Kilise ile birlikteliği, eylemleri, çalışma metotları, törenleri ve amaçları detaylı bir şekilde işlenirken TMT ile ilgili yansıyanlar sınırlı kalmıştır. Romanda Kıbrıs’ın tarihsel süreci, roman kurgusunun önüne ve arkasına “Vakanüvis” başlığı altında yerleştirilen belgelerle de ortaya konur. Bu belgelerin ışığında kimi zaman roman kurgusu içerisinde, Lüzinyanlar, Osmanlılar ve İngilizler dönemiyle ilgili yönetim eleştirileriyle de karşılaşırız. Bu çalışmada, eserden yansıyan yerel kültürel unsurlar, mekânlar ve bu mekânlarda cereyan eden hadiselere tahkiyeli edebî eser inceleme yöntemleriyle bakılacaktır.
Comparative Analysis of Dropout Prevention Policies in South Korea and Japan
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Ji Miyoung , Lee Hyeongju , Park Changun
Published: November 2024

[Purpose] This study analyzes the 2023 dropout prevention policies in South Korea and Japan to inform South Korea's approach. It focuses on increasing dropout rates and the challenges faced by students without external support post-COVID-19.
[Method] Using Kohn's (1989) classification, it categorizes policies into three areas: academic strategies, psychological support, and environmental improvements.
[Results] South Korea prioritizes early identification and tailored support for at-risk students, including alternative education and vocational training for out-of-school youth, supported by a data-driven management system. In contrast, Japan focuses on personalized support, digital learning environments, and early warning systems, offering diverse schooling options to meet students' needs.
[Conclusion] Both countries prioritize dropout prevention but use different strategies. South Korea focuses on early identification and psychological support, while Japan employs digital tools and early warning systems. Integrating Japan's system could enhance South Korea's initiatives.
Comparative study on education toward peace in South Korea, Japan and China: Focus on Perception of Self and Society in high schools textbooks
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Nakaya, Ayami Nakaya, Ayami , Liu Guobin , Kang Heeeun
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of self and society perspectives in social studies textbooks from South Korea, Japan, and China, focusing on peace education. The analysis revealed that while all three countries use keywords like happiness, justice, and fairness, their interpretations and methodologies differ. Each country envisions a better society with “Secular-rational values” but prioritizes different aspects: Japan emphasizes “Self-expression values” (respect for diverse values, political participation, individual freedom), China focuses on “Survival values” (State-led, economic activity, diligence), and South Korea is in between. Explicitly speaking, In Japan, personal peace is depicted as self-realization and living freely according to one's autonomous will, while social peace is defined as a safe, secure, prosperous, and harmonious society, established through principles of happiness, justice, and fairness. Due to the diverse interpretations of these concepts, it is advised that citizens collaboratively work towards a better society by building mutual respect and consensus. In China, personal peace is described as a high sense of happiness, security, and safety among citizens, achieved through societal contributions. Social peace is seen as joint prosperity within the socialist system, supported by a new development philosophy, social security, political morality, sustainability, and legal observance, as well as social participation guided by a correct outlook on life and society. In South Korea, personal peace includes happiness, human rights protection, multiculturalism and social participation, while social peace refers to a just society that achieves personal peace without social or spatial inequality, created by a state-led social welfare system. In order to achieve personal and social peace, social consensus is respected, and there is a deontological imperative to limit individual self-expression. Further research on real teaching and learning is necessary to utilize these findings to promote a new peace education that fosters dialogue based on understanding similarities and differences.
Conquistas e desafios
Authors: Lopes Felipe Tavares Paes , Corrêa Lígia de Moraes Antunes
Published: November 2024

A revista Conexões desde sua criação em 1998, consolidou-se como importante veículo de divulgação científica na Educação Física, com alcance nacional e internacional, especialmente na América Latina. Em 2024, foi a segunda mais acessada no PPEC da Unicamp, publicando volumes anuais de, no mínimo, 45 artigos desde 2019, com meta de expandir para 60. A avaliação das submissões é criteriosa e busca garantir originalidade e rigor, priorizando artigos originais e relevantes, que contribuam para questões sociais e políticas públicas. Nos próximos anos, o desafio é garantir a manutenção da qualidade e relevância das publicações, além de ampliar o alcance internacional, tornando-se bilíngue. Em 2025, passa a aceitar apenas artigos para a Seção de Artigos Originais. Textos para as demais seções serão aceitos somente sob demanda induzida. Para o próximo volume, estão programadas as publicações de duas temáticas em andamento. Neste ano, destaca-se a publicação de três chamadas, relacionadas a temáticas historicamente caras à Educação Física, tais como: lutas, jogos e brincadeiras e promoção da saúde. Por fim, ressaltamos que a Conexões segue comprometida com a interdisciplinaridade e a relevância social de seus conteúdos, contribuindo para avanços científicos e sociais.
A importância do treinamento de força para reduzir o risco de dinapenia em crianças e adolescentes pós-pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Ruas Cássio Victora , Ratel Sébastien , Fröhlich Matias , Nosaka Kazunori , Pinto Ronei Silveira
Published: November 2024

Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, houve um severo declínio no nível de atividade física realizado por crianças e adolescentes, sendo este declínio ainda mais evidente durante e após o período da pandemia COVID-19. Isso tem levado crianças a apresentarem problemas de saúde que eram tradicionalmente observados principalmente em idosos, como obesidade sarcopênica, osteopenia, disfunções neuromusculares, desordem cardiometabólica e dinapenia (baixos níveis de força muscular). Objetivos: Explorar as últimas evidências de estudos que demonstram que jovens da atualidade apresentam risco acentuado de dinapenia infantil por desuso muscular, bem como descrever estratégias de combate a esta condição levando-se em conta as características fisiológicas específicas de crianças e adolescentes. Metodologia: Os termos “pediatric dynapenia”, “physical activity levels in youth/children/adolescents” e “resistance training for youth/children/adolescentes” foram utilizados para selecionar estudos nas bases de dados PubMed e Google Scholar. Resultados e Discussão: A dinapenia infantil está amplamente atrelada ao risco aumentado de comorbidades durante a vida adulta. Estratégias efetivas de treinamento visando o incremento da força muscular e que levem em conta o estágio maturacional de crianças e adolescentes, como a realização de exercícios com foco na fase excêntrica do movimento, são necessárias para reduzir os riscos desta condição. Considerações Finais/Conclusão. A implementação de políticas públicas que incluam programas de treinamento físico em escolas e centros comunitários do Brasil e do mundo, especialmente fazendo uso de exercícios de força, parece ser uma estratégia adequada no controle e redução do sedentarismo e risco de dinapenia infantil em crianças e adolescentes, acentuados pelo período da pandemia COVID-19.
Nutrient Intake and Phytate-to-Zinc Molar Ratio among Stunted and Non-Stunted Children in Malang City
Authors: Willyanti Wardah , Riyadi Hadi , Nasution Zuraidah
Published: November 2024

Stunted is a condition of malnutrition caused by inadequate nutrient intake, especially in protein and zinc. Zinc deficiency can lead to impaired growth and increased risk of infectious disease due to inadequate zinc intake and low bioavailability of zinc in food. The purpose of this research was to analyze the nutrient intake and phytate-to-zinc molar ratio in children. This research was an analytical observational study with cross-sectional design. Children aged 6-59 months with stunted (n=61) and non-stunted (n=65) nutritional status were chosen by stratified random sampling in Ciptomulyo Health Center, Malang city. Nutrient and phytate intake were taken using 2x24 hour food recall method, while zinc bioavailability was calculated using phytate-to-zinc molar ratio. The difference of independent variables were analyzed using Independent t-test and Mann Whitney test. The result of this study showed that there were significantly different energy and protein adequacy levels (p=0.018; p=0.001) and phytate intake (p=0.016) among stunted and non-stunted children. On the other hand, fat, carbohydrate, and zinc adequacy level did not show any significant differences. Furthermore, there were no significant difference in phytate-to-zinc molar ratio in the two group (p=0.158) with more than half children had high phytate-to-zinc molar ratio category. In conclusion, the stunted and non-stunted children showed significant differences in energy, protein, and phytate intake, while their zinc intake was not significantly different resulting in similar phytate-to-zinc molar ratio between both groups. This study show that sufficient intake of zinc can help to lower phytate-to-zinc molar ratio regardless of nutritional status of children.
Effect of Health Belief Model-Based Interventions to Increase Diet Quality of Adolescents
Authors: Kisda Anada Varenza , Ekayanti Ikeu , Sinaga Tiurma
Published: November 2024

The adolescent dietary quality in Indonesia remains subpar, with a substantial proportion of ≤ 95% of adolescents not consuming enough or any fruits and vegetables. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of nutrition education programs based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and conventional methods on the knowledge, attitudes, and eating habits of adolescents, with the ultimate goal of promoting healthy dietary practices. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized control group pre and post-test design to 78 adolescents 13-15 years who met the inclusion criteria at the Bogor Regency Junior High School. Diet quality data was collected using 2x24 hours of food recall. The knowledge, attitude, and health belief model questionnaires that had been collected through questionnaires were then analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 using the Wilcoxon and paired t-test. There was no change in the quality diet in the health belief model and control groups with p-value>0.05. However, there was an increase in knowledge and attitude in both groups with a p-value<0.05. Only three constructs that improved were vulnerability, seriousness and self-efficacy with p-value < 0.05. Perceived benefits, barriers and action cues did not increase with p-value > 0.05. Health belief model nutrition education methods can improve knowledge and attitude, but not give a change in behavior. Health belief model nutrition education method can improve knowledge and attitudes, but not changes in eating behavior. Further health belief model-based nutrition education programs are needed to increase motivation and willingness to act.
Insights into Childhood Malnutrition: An Analysis on Food Vulnerability and Stunting using 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey Data
Authors: Sanggelorang Yulianty , Sebayang F. Ari Anggraini , Malonda Nancy S H , Rumayar Adisti A
Published: November 2024

Stunting, a consequence of childhood malnutrition, stems from various factors, including unaddressed food vulnerability during the critical early stages of life, from conception to 24 months. Early loss of developmental opportunities, particularly that in relation to height, leads to an irreversible inability to achieve optimal growth. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between food vulnerability and stunting among children aged 0-59 months in the East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The research utilized secondary data from the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (INSS), encompassing all selected households with children under five within the census blocks. After applying appropriate weighting procedures, the sample size was 8,893. The study included anthropometric measurements (body height/length) and assessments of various indicators of household food vulnerability (the inability of an individual or a group of individuals to obtain sufficient and appropriate food for a healthy and active life). The findings revealed significant correlations (p-value < 0.05) between food vulnerability status and stunting. Children from the food-vulnerable group had a 4.661 times higher risk of experiencing stunting compared to those from the food-secure group. This study concludes that food vulnerability is a significant risk factor in the development of stunting in children under five in Indonesia. Furthermore, factors associated with vulnerability such as limited access to nutritious food and food variety could contribute to hindering child growth.  These findings have important implications for the development of nutritional policies and interventions in Indonesia.
Low Birth Weight and Inappropriate Feeding Variation Caused Nutritional Disorders Based on The Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF)
Authors: Yanti Eka Safitri , Yunus Endriyani Martina
Published: November 2024

Nutritional disorders in children contribute to both morbidity and mortality, with potential for hereditary diseases. Regular growth monitoring helps in early detection and prevention. The Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) is a tool used to assess multiple growth failures, making risk prediction more accurate. This study aims to identify determinants of nutritional disorders using CIAF. Conducted in Belitung Regency, Indonesia, from January to October 2024, the research involved 198 children aged 6 months to 5 years, selected via random sampling. Measurements of height and weight were analyzed according to WHO 2006 standards. Parental characteristics, birth weight, economic status, nutrition awareness, and clean living behaviors were assessed via questionnaires. Results showed that 40.4% of the children experienced growth failure, though none of the parental or child characteristics had a significant relationship with it. However, low birth weight (p=0.048) and variation in feeding menus (p=0.009) were significantly associated with stunting. Other factors, including parental height, family income, and nutrition awareness, showed no significant relationships with growth failure. In conclusion, low birth weight and diverse feeding practices play key roles in preventing stunting.
FOUR PS OF CREATIVITY AND BEHAVIOURAL INTENTIONS IN CREATIVE TOURISM: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EXPERIENCE QUALITY
Authors: YAHAYA Mohd Fahmi , M. ARIFFIN Ahmad Azmi
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study explores how the dimensions of creativity—specifically person, process,
product, and press—affect tourists’ behavioural intentions. Additionally, this study examines
how experience quality mediates these relationships.
Methodology/Design/Approach: This study used a survey instrument to gather data from 500
creative tourists in Malaysia. To test the structural model, Partial Least Squares Structural
Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed.
Findings: The result highlights the influence of the four Ps of creativity on the behavioural
intentions of tourists within the creative tourism sector. The study also investigates how
experience quality affects these relationships
Originality of the research: The novelty of this study lies in the integration of the four Ps of
creativity and experience quality into a single model for predicting the future behaviour of
creative tourists.
Mothers Lived Experiences of Caesarean Section: A Qualitative Study among Mothers in Semi-Urban Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossin Abir , Chakma Chayan , Noor Sabiha , Miah Md Shahgahan
Published: November 2024

The commercialisation of health services has led to an increasing rate of unnecessary caesarean deliveries in developing countries like Bangladesh. This rising rate of unnecessary caesarean section (CS) is a serious concern, and it is associated with numerous short and long-term complications in both maternal and child health. This study aimed to explore the CS mother's direct experiences with the immediate and long-term physical effects of CS. Twenty-two participants were selected from the Naya Bazar area, Sylhet City Corporation, which included mothers, fathers, traditional birth attendants and community health care providers. A qualitative research approach was adopted, and in-depth interviews and key informant interviews were conducted to focus on the experiences of caesarean mothers. The interviews were conducted face-to-face and analysed thematically. Various short and long-term physical risks were found following CSs. Four important physical consequence themes emerged from the analysis: Medicinal and breastfeeding difficulties, pain and wound complexity, urinary incontinence, and experiences following a CS.  Some of the immediate consequences of the post-caesarean period impacted the mother’s ability to care for their child and the lack of mobility. Short and long-term consequences and physical pain impacted them over a long period. Unnecessary CSs can have short and long-term complications that need to be addressed. It is crucial to raise awareness about the potential consequences of CS for both the mother and the child, which would contribute to Sustainable Development Goals 3 (SDGs 3), ensuring well-being amongst the mother and the child.
Language, Identity and Conflict: Comprehending Everyday Co-existence in Assam
Authors: Biswas Debajyoti
Published: November 2024

Assam has long experienced intercommunal tensions stemming from faulty colonial-era administrative policies, which have continued post-independence. Key instances of violence include the Language Movement (1960), the Medium of Instruction Movement (1972), and the Assam Movement (1979-1985). These conflicts, particularly over language, have intensified tensions between Bengali and Assamese-speaking communities. Despite efforts to protect Assam’s ethnic and linguistic diversity, political manipulation and poor crisis management have deepened divisions. As affective relation is built up to fuel community sentiments and empower these movements, one may discern that three principal factors have been responsible for intensifying the conflict: misinformation among the communities, misdirection of the Movements, and involvement of political parties. Further, as political rhetoric has kept fuelling and nourishing communal sentiments till the present day, the same factors seem to be at work in varying degrees. Employing qualitative methods, this study draws from primary and secondary data, including interviews with 150 families from various socio-economic and ethnic backgrounds in violence-affected areas of Western Assam. Through semi-structured interviews, leaders, political figures, victims, and witnesses shared their views on Assam’s socio-political and economic history. This research is structured on three principal arguments corresponding to three sections, and a set of recommendations is presented in the concluding section. The first section argues that although the genesis of language conflict was triggered by transformation brought about by a new socio-economic structure introduced by the East India Company (EIC), the rhetorical conflict has been sustained till the present times through the clerk-conspiracy theory. The second section discusses how the Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA), as a non-communal association, tried to diffuse communal sentiments during the Language Movement in 1960. The third section looks at the post-1960s era when the conflict intensified due to the failure of the previous governments to tackle the immigration issue, and the concluding section argues that since inter-ethnic relationships worsened in subsequent years, a constitutional safeguard for the Assamese community may transform the socio-economic conditions responsible for the conflict. However, this can be achieved only when solidarity-building measures, mutual respect for all communities, and humility are made the basis of conversation.
Perbandingan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Amerika (Citizenship Education in Amerika) dan Indonesia: Studi Komparatif
Authors: Adham M. Januar Ibnu , Komalasari Kokom , Nurgiansah T Heru
Published: November 2024

Abstrak
Berbagai isu-isu global yang terus menghantui negara-negara di dunia menjadi kekhawatiran bersama terutama berkenaan dengan eksistensi warga negaranya, Indoensia dan amerika memiliki kesamaan dalam penerapan pendidikan kewarganegaraannya hal tersebut dikarenakan Indonesia telah menggunakan beberapa sistem dan bahkan kurikulum pendidikan kewarganegaraan di amaerika. Berdasarkan kajian literatur yang ditemukan oleh penulis bahwa pendidikan kewarganegaraan di indoesia dan amerika telah ditemukan banyak kesamaan mulai pada kebijakan nasional dan konten kurikulum pendidikan kewarganegaraan di Amerika Serikat dan Indonesia yang dapat dinilai sebagai pendidikan kewarganegaraan yang mengarah lebih dekat ke dalam kontinum pendidikan kewarganegaraan maksimal.
Kata kunci: pendidikan kewarnegaraan, perbandingan civics, perbandingan pendidikan
APLICACIÓN DE LA INTEGRAL DEFINIDA PARA EL CÁLCULO DE LA SECCIÓN TRANSVERSAL DEL CAUCE DE UN RÍO Y PROCEDIMIENTOS AFINES
Authors: Mata Rodríguez Carlos Manuel
Published: November 2024

El cálculo del caudal de un río es un tema de notable interés en la historia de la ingeniería hidráulica, estrechamente vinculado a la construcción de presas. La determinación de la sección transversal de un cauce resulta a través de diversos métodos que, en dependencia de las características del perfil del lecho del río, pueden presentar relativa exactitud. En el artículo proponemos un procedimiento diseñado con polinomios de aproximación, que permite, mediante la aplicación del Cálculo Integral, obtener el área de la sección transversal con notable precisión.
Japon İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Modeli ve 1990 Sonrası Yaşadığı Değişim
Authors: Pehlivan Dorukcan , Özdaşlı Kürşat
Published: November 2024

Japon insan kaynakları yönetimi modelinin temelinde üç sütun olarak adlandırılan ömür boyu istihdam, kıdeme dayalı ücret ve terfi ile işletme sendikacılığı bulunmaktadır. Batı insan kaynakları uygulamaları ile Japon kültürünün harmonisi olan bu model, 1990’larda yaşanan ekonomik kriz ile çok ciddi değişimler yaşamıştır. Bu çalışma ile literatür taraması yapılarak Japon insan kaynakları yönetimi modelinde yaşanan değişimler incelenmiş ve Türkçe literatüre katkı yapmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada başta Japonya Devleti’nin resmi ve yarı resmi kurumlarının süreli yayınları, araştırma raporları ve istatistik raporları olmak üzere, Türkçe ve İngilizce kitaplar, makaleler, tezler ve uluslararası kuruluşların internet siteleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerin düzenli olmayan işçi tercihlerine yönelerek ömür boyu istihdamdan kaçınmaya başladıkları, terfi ve ücrette kıdem yerine bireysel başarının giderek önem kazandığı ve azalan sendikalaşma oranları ile sendikaların eski güçlerinin kalmadığı görüşmüştür.
Insights into Risk Factors and Outcomes of Post-Stroke Seizures in Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Alraddadi Eman A. , Alatawi Yasser , Kumar Raju S. , Bukhari Jawad I. , Alghamdi Abdulrahman E. , Lughbi Shahad , Alghamdi Reema , Sulaiman Khalid Al , Alamri Faisal F.
Published: November 2024

Objective: Post-stroke seizures present a global challenge, yet its frequency and factors associated with its incidence are poorly documented, particularly in the Middle East. Thus, this study aims to investigate post-stroke seizure frequency and stroke-associated factors among ischemic stroke patients in Saudi Arabia, addressing demographic, clinical, and comorbid aspects to improve prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, and management.
Methods: A multicenter observational study included eligible patients who were categorized into those who developed seizures and those who did not. The primary outcome was the incidence of recurrent stroke and death within 12 months, whereas 30-day hemorrhagic transformation was considered a secondary outcome.
Results: The study involved 1235 ischemic stroke patients, in which 13.5% developed post-stroke seizures. Patients with post-stroke seizures had more extended hospital stays, higher intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates, and a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Factors independently associated with post-stroke seizures included previous stroke history (OR=1.93; 1.35-2.75), ICU admission (OR=1.7; 1.15-2.5), and depression (OR=2.1; 1.38-3.30). Logistic regression revealed associations between post-stroke seizures and hemorrhagic transformation (OR=2.61; 1.70-4.00), stroke recurrence (OR=2.30; 1.58-3.36), and mortality (OR=1.89; 1.33-2.68). However, after adjusting for covariates, post-stroke seizures were significantly associated with stroke recurrence only (aOR=1.7; 1.11-2.63).
Significance: Our study identifies notable associations and risk factors for post-stroke seizures in ischemic stroke patients. This underscores the importance of adopting a comprehensive approach to stroke care to enhance the prediction, prevention, and management of post-stroke seizures. Further research is warranted to validate these findings, enhance the understanding of post-stroke seizure mechanisms, and guide management strategies.
Health Literacy on Chronic Kidney Disease among Adults of Morang, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Khadgi Deepika , Chaudhary Angira Kumari , Basnet Saraswati
Published: November 2024

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a rapidly increasing health problem worldwide. Early diagnosis is possible with adequate health literacy. Unfortunately, majority of the CKD patients are diagnosed in the last stage which is the major challenge in the developing countries like Nepal. Thus, the researchers designed this study to find out the chronic kidney disease related health literacy among adults of Eastern Nepal.
Methods
A quantitative analytical cross-sectional study design with multi-stage sampling was used. One ward from each of one metropolitan, one urban and one rural municipality were selected randomly. And in the fourth stage, population proportionate samples, one sample from a household, were selected to meet the total sample size of 414. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire with high internal consistency reliability of 0.84. Face-to-face interview was done after the ethical approval from Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal (Ref. No. 2162). Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.00. Descriptive and inferential i.e. regression analysis were used.
Results
The mean age and standard deviation of adults was 41.8014 ± 13.49 years respectively. About two-third (63.1%) were female, 86.5% married, 94.6% Hindu and 46.3% illiterate. One-fifth had habit of alcohol consumption and tobacco use. The median score for health literacy on CKD was 18 and there was no statistical difference in scores of adults residing in Sundarharaincha, Katahari and Biratnagar. More than half (54.1%) of the adults surveyed had low level of health literacy on CKD. Age, secondary and above education, alcohol consumption and tobacco use were found to be associated with health literacy during bivariate analysis. Similarly, the multivariate regression analysis showed that age (AOR 1.016, CI 0.970–0.998), education (AOR 3.17, CI 0.241–0.494) and tobacco use (AOR 2.079, CI 0.253–0.914) had statistically significant association as predictors of CKD health literacy.
Conclusion
Adults of Morang, Eastern Nepal had low level of health literacy on CKD. Implementing health awareness, disease screening and tobacco control programs by local governments local governments could contribute in early diagnosis and complication prevention of CKD in Morang.
Assessing Fiber Quality Variability Among Modern Cotton Cultivars and Integrating it into the GOSSYM-based Fiber Quality Simulation Model
Authors: Beegum Sahila , Hassan Muhammad Adeel , Reddy Krishna N. , Reddy Vangimalla , Reddy Kambham Raja
Published: November 2024

Background
A fiber quality module developed in 2023 and integrated into the process-based mechanistic cotton crop growth and development model, GOSSYM is the first of its kind. In this fiber quality module, the functional relationships between fiber quality and the major factors influencing it (temperature, water, and nutrient status) are established based on experiments spanned four years conducted in the sunlit Soil Plant Atmospheric Research chambers. All these experiments were conducted only on the Texas Marker-1 cotton variety. Therefore, there is a possibility that the functional equations will be more aligned with this specific cultivar. Consequently, it's essential to assess how the model performs for other cotton cultivars and address any variability that arises. In this study, data from experiments conducted on 40 major cultivars currently grown in the USA, including the Texas Marker-1 variety, under the same environmental and management conditions is used to analyze the variability in fiber quality among the varieties. The measured fiber quality is then compared with the GOSSYM model-simulated fiber quality. Based on the relative variation between measured and simulated fiber quality, cultivar-dependent parameters were developed for the fiber quality model.
Results
Based on the relative variation between measured and simulated fiber quality, cultivar-dependent parameters were developed for the fiber quality model. The GOSSYM model, after incorporating the developed cultivar-dependent parameters, simulated the fiber quality (fiber length, strength, micronaire, and uniformity) with an average Pearson correlation coefficient value of 0.84 and index of agreement of 0.88.
Conclusions
This study aims to analyze the fiber quality variability among modern cotton cultivars and establish the cultivar-dependent parameters for cotton fiber quality simulation in the GOSSYM model. The parameter estimation methodology adopted and the estimated cultivar-specific parameters improved the simulation capabilities of the model. The model with cultivar-specific parameters for fiber quality will be helpful for model users, requiring less calibration effort and providing more accurate quality simulations.
Microstructure and Toughness Characterization of AA6061 Hybrid Composite Reinforced with Eucalyptus Ash, Periwinkle Shell, and Plantain Fiber.
Authors: Barah Obinna O. , Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Nnamchi Stephen N. , Selvam Milon D.
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
This study examines the microstructural and mechanical improvements in AA6061 hybrid composites reinforced with agricultural and marine waste materials: plantain fibre ash (PFA), Eucalyptus Wood Ash (EWA), and Periwinkle Shell Powder (PSP). The goal is to enhance mechanical properties while promoting sustainable manufacturing.
Methods
Hybrid composites were fabricated by varying PFA, EWA, and PSP weight percentages. Microstructural analysis was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to assess material integration, and hardness tests were performed to evaluate mechanical improvements.
Results
SEM revealed uniform particle dispersion, and EDS indicated compositional changes that contributed to the improved mechanical properties. The composite with 5% PSP, 3% EWA, and 2.5% PFA exhibited a 224% increase in hardness compared with the base AA6061. FTIR confirmed the successful integration of organic and inorganic components, enhancing the thermal stability and corrosion resistance.
Conclusion
Reinforcing AA6061 with PFA, EWA, and PSP significantly improved its hardness, wear resistance, and thermal stability, demonstrating the potential of these eco-friendly composites for advanced engineering applications
Entoloma hygropileum sp. nov. (Entolomataceae, Basidiomycota) from a ‘brejo de altitude’ forest in Brazil and its Western Gondwana counterpart
Authors: Silva Leonardo Firmino da , Koroiva Ricardo , Wartchow Felipe
Published: November 2024

A new species of Entoloma subg. Entoloma is described from a forest fragment in Northeast Brazil. The species description is based on macro and micro-anatomical characterization of the basidiomata, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S LSU region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Entoloma hygropileum sp. nov. is distinguished by the tricholomatoid to somewhat clitocyboid habit with very moist to almost slimy and glabrous brownish pileus, broadly adnate lamellae with subdecurrent tooth, proportionally short stipe, isodiametric to subisodiametric basidiospores 6.8–8.6 × 6.1–7.6 µm, absence of hymenial cystidia and a callidermic pileipellis. The most similar species is E. djaense that primarily differs in the proportionally much longer stipe and the lamellae attachment. They present a pileipellis construction unique among the genus, suggesting a Western Gondwana distribution.
Terms of Trade Shocks on Commodity-Dependent Countries with Inflation Targeting: A SVAR Analysis Allowing Correlated Structural Shocks
Authors: Sobrino Cesar
Published: November 2024

There is uncertainty about how central banks of small open commodity-dependent countries with inflation targeting deal with terms of trade shocks because those may stimulate either aggregate demand or aggregate supply. The study aims to examine the effects of the terms of trade and the domestic supply shocks on the monetary policy shock and, by including those effects, the out-of-sample dynamics using a three-SVAR where correlated structural shocks are allowed. Examining Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, and South Africa, the findings indicate a positive effect of the terms of trade shock (domestic supply shock) on the monetary policy shock for Australia and Norway (all countries). However, for Australia and Norway, it is not corroborated that terms of trade innovations act as productivity shocks. Likewise, the responses of the output growth and inflation rate growth to terms of trade disturbances are consistent with the inflation targeting stylized facts. Finally, an implication for Chile, Colombia, and Norway is the importance of a commodity stabilization fund to decrease the role of the external shock on their economy because the identification procedure fails to alter the contribution of terms of trade shock on the output growth and inflation rate growth fluctuations.
JEL Classification: F41, C32, E52
Hysteretic Curve Characteristics in Rectangular Shear Walls Predicted by Machine Learning
Authors: Dong Jungui , Chen Ce
Published: November 2024

Rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls are crucial for seismic resistance in high-rise buildings. Characteristic points on the skeleton curve from pseudo-static tests are key for evaluating seismic performance. Traditional models struggle with the high-dimensional, nonlinear relationships between these points and component dimensions. An interpretable machine learning model (IEG-ML) was proposed for predicting these feature points. IEG-ML aligns with empirical trends from extensive experiments and is explainable via explicit formulas. Trained on a self-built dataset of 184 samples, IEG-ML accuracy and efficiency are enhanced using a population optimization algorithm. The model identifies the importance of feature points and component factors, providing a dominant explicable formula. Results show IEG-ML high accuracy and efficiency, particularly with a backpropagation network optimized by the dung beetle algorithm (DBO), making it a robust tool for seismic evaluation.
Research On Arbitrary Level Output Topology And Control Strategy
Authors: SHEN Xianqing , LI JiaJun , LIU Ruohan , Shuangfeng LU , Yifan WANG
Published: November 2024

Multilevel inverters will generate current backflow and harmonics due to their different inverter topologies in the inverter process. According to a large number of literatures, currently the topology that is able to control current backfilling while reducing both low and high harmonics and total harmonics is yet available. Therefore, in order to address these issues, there should be as many switching devices in the multilevel inverter as possible and the inverter waveform should be closer to the sine waveform. In this context, this paper presents a topology of an inverter circuit with arbitrary level output that adopts binary coded power input and is capable to output a total of up to 45 levels. The proposed inverter can achieve a large voltage span thanks to its combined advantages of both hybrid multilevel and modular multilevel, thus requiring a smaller number of switching devices. It is also able to achieve 0 ~ 45 level control by employing the nearest level control strategy and the output loop of any level through varying level states. The simulation results show that the presented topology can effectively suppress current inversion while reducing total harmonic distortion rate, with the total harmonic content of less than 2% after output filtering.
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing Enterobacterales infections among infants following vertical colonization in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Abe Mimori , Otubo Yuto , Tame Tomoyuki , Okazaki Kaoru , Horikoshi Yuho
Published: November 2024

Objective Extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) has become prevalent among neonates. The present study aimed to describe the incidence of ESBL-E colonization among neonates admitted to a NICU and the incidence of subsequent ESBL-E infection among those with ESBL-E colonization.Study design Patients admitted to the NICU at Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center between April 2011 and March 2023 were enrolled. On admission, the subjects were routinely screened for ESBL-E using pharyngeal and rectal swabs, and those colonized with ESBL-E were assessed for the development of an invasive ESBL-E infection during their NICU stay.Results ESBL-E was isolated in 105 of the 8,247 neonates (1.3%) admitted to the NICU. Among these patients, twelve (11.4%) experienced the development of an invasive ESBL-E infection.Conclusion Although ESBL-E colonization occurred in only 1.3% of the neonates admitted to the NICU, 11.4% of them experienced the development of an ESBL-E infection.
Terminally investing males fake body odors to females but not microbiome odors
Authors: Krams Indrikis , Adams Colton B , Trakimas Giedrius , Garduño Jorge Contreras , De Souza André Rodrigues , Daukste Janina , Mizers Valdis , Sledevskis Eriks , Kolbjonoks Vadims , Popovs Sergejs , Rantala Markus J. , Krams Ronalds , Krama Tatjana
Published: November 2024

Male Tenebrio molitor enhance sex odor attractiveness when immunocompromised by an artificial implant that activates their immune system. We examined how females evaluate the health status of implanted (treatment) and control males based not only on their sex pheromones, but also on their fecal odors. Odor discs of three groups were collected from treatment and control males: body, fecal, and ‘body and fecal’ scents. We measured male survival and time spent by females investigating discs they were presented with and compared between treatments for the three odor groups. Treatment males perished at a greater rate than controls. Females spent more time on treatment body discs, less time on fecal discs, and had no preference for ‘body and fecal’ discs when compared to control males. We conclude that terminally investing males fake their sex odors to females, yet they cannot fake their microbiome odors, supporting the fermentation hypothesis of chemical communication.
Study on Learning Adaptability of STEM Students in the New College Entrance Examination Context
Authors: Shi Xiangyi
Published: November 2024

Over ten years of the New College Entrance Examination Reform, the flexible subject selection model has posed challenges to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) majors education in Chinese universities. The relaxation of subject requirements has led to diverse knowledge backgrounds among students, resulting in some lacking a solid foundation in these fields, which contributes to high failure rates and frequent major changes. This study reconstructs the dimensions of learning adaptability for STEM students, analyzing different adaptability types using data from 39 "985 Project" universities in China. Findings indicate two main types: low adaptability, characterized by low motivation and difficulty using intelligent tools, and high adaptability, which correlates with better adjustment but moderate interest in the major. Finally, this study offers targeted recommendations for improving the learning adaptability of STEM students.
Prevalence and Predictors of Cancer-Related Neuropathic Pain Among Cancer Patients in Nigeria
Authors: izuegbuna ogochukwu , kolawole Israel , oguntola Saliu , Woods-Ali Tiwalade , saburi oyewale , adindu chijioke , olatoke samuel , olakunlehin olawale
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE
Neuropathic pain is a major challenge in supportive care management among cancer patients. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of neuropathic pain in Nigerian cancer patients as well as some factors associated with neuropathic pain in these patients.
METHODS
This is a non-interventional cross-sectional study with 126 cancer patients both solid and non-solid tumours recruited from the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital and are 18 years and above with some form of pain. Socio-demographics and cancer records were collected from their medical files and the patients. The painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ) and the numeric rating scale (NRS) were used to determine their pain.
RESULTS
The prevalence of neuropathic pain in the study population was 23%. The average age of the patients was 53 years. Of the 126 patients evaluated, 69.8% were females. There was no significant difference in neuropathic pain occurrence and age, sex, and cancer type (p > 0.05). There was a significant association between neuropathic pain and performance status (p < 0.001), morphine and pregabalin use (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, performance status (b = 18.00, p = 0.009) and use of morphine (b = 11.52, p < 0.001) and pregabalin (b = 18.09, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with neuropathic pain. Performance status, and morphine use (p < 0.001) were associated with pain severity.
CONCLUSION
This being the first study in Nigeria, the prevalence of neuropathic pain in Nigerian cancer patients is relatively within range compared to other studies. Performance status and the use of some pain modifiers are predictors of neuropathic pain in Nigerian cancer patients.