bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMALISASI KETERLIBATAN MASYARAKAT DAN PENGEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN MELALUI OLAHRAGA FUTSAL
Authors: Budiman Indra Adi , Chaniago Herman , Priyatna Tatang , Abidin Dindin
Published: December 2023

The purpose of implementing community service related to futsal sports training is to reduce playing online games in order to increase recreational benefits, improve physical fitness, form learning to lead, collaborate. The service method applies community education and training with the target community of Branchbungin District. The results of the service have a positive impact in the form of improving technical and tactical skills in playing futsal, stimulating social transformation, promoting health and an active lifestyle, and empowering gender in society.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PERMEN OLEORESIN LADA PUTIH BANGKA (PIPER NINGRUM LINN.) DI PT. IZZAH GLOBALINDO INDONESIA
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti , Septiana Aqil , Hutami Rosy , Riski Hapsari Distya , Uzwatania Fina , Sapanli Kastana
Published: December 2023

White pepper is one of the spices that is widely produced in Bangka. White pepper is only used as a spice. So far there have been no innovative products produced from white pepper. This activity aims to (1) Increase knowledge and information about the potential of Bangka white pepper, oleoresin, hard candy and its economic aspects (2) Make Bangka white pepper hard candy as a superior product of PT. Izzah Globalindo Indonesia so that it can increase income for local farming communities. The method used in this activity is training (socialization) which is carried out as part of the Kedaireka activities of Djuanda University aimed at PT Izzah Globalindo Indonesia. The result of this training is to provide knowledge and the creation of Bangka white pepper oleoresin hard candy products, as a product that can become a superior product of PT. Izzah Globalindo Indonesia.
PELATIHAN TEKNIK PENGGARAMAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN IKAN KEDUKANG SEBAGAI PANGAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT
Authors: Kandriasari Annis , Fadiati Ari , Putri Diajengsari Alif , Yunierlita Ega
Published: December 2023

Muara Gembong District is one of the coastal areas that is under quite heavy pressure in terms of land use. Muara Gembong produces marine biota which can be used to improve the standard of living of the surrounding community, however, natural products in the form of fish in the Muara Gembong area have not been maximized by the community. The aim of the community service activities is to trigger productivity and food security in the form of oven-dried salted fish in the village of Pantai Mekar which has an impact on increasing insight and skills. The method used in this training is a lecture with product creation tutorials and evaluation of training results. The results of the training activities obtained an average pre-test of 35.5 and post-test of 74.5. There was an increase in the average score of 39 from the pre-test results to the post-test scores. Training on the use of maritime resources is applied to fish processing through salting techniques using kedukang fish. This activity has improved the welfare of the community which was responded to by the high enthusiasm of participants in participating in a series of training activities.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN IMPLEMENTASI PRODUK LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI KOPERASI SYARIAH NASARI
Authors: Sardiana Anna , Puspita Puspita , Nur Amalia Alvien , Zulfison Zulfison , Yusuf Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The problems faced by Islamic cooperatives are the lack of interest in Islamic cooperatives which results in the difficulty of developing cooperatives and capital problems. In addition, cooperative members have difficulty in understanding the products available in NASARI Islamic cooperatives because so far members of Islamic cooperatives are more familiar with conventional cooperative financial products. The issue of adding capital to Islamic cooperatives, where members object to increasing principal savings, is also an issue in the development of Islamic cooperatives. Supported by the lack of human resources handling sharia products because so far they have only handled cooperative products that use conventional systems. Training and mentoring activities for the implementation of Islamic financial institution products, Islamic nasari cooperatives are expected to be able to help Islamic cooperatives to develop better and become a solution to the problems faced.
SOSIALISASI PROGRAM PENTING (PENCEGAHAN STUNTING) UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN GENERASI YANG SEHAT
Authors: Pratidina Ginung , Amalia Nadia , Maulinda Winda , Azhara Sarah , Sugiawan Putri Yunita , Syarifa Rifda Raihani Hapsari , Siti Dwi Julia Alya , Sartika Ika , Ardika Mohamad , Novando Novando , Ivna Saepullah Panji , Ramadhan Aditya
Published: December 2023

Stunting is a problem that requires more attention from various sectors. Therefore, FISIPKOM KKN-T students collaborated with the puskesmas to conduct socialization related to stunting prevention in Teluk Pinang Village. The purpose of carrying out these activities is to provide knowledge and understanding of the community about stunting. In addition, this activity can also improve healthy lifestyle behavior in the community which intends to prevent stunting in children. This socialization activity was carried out in the children's class. The method of implementing this socialization activity is carried out by preparation, observation and counseling. The implementation of this activity was carried out in the children's class which was attended by mothers and children who indicated stunting. This socialization has succeeded in increasing the sensitivity of mothers to the importance of nutritional intake that must be fulfilled by the child's body and the application of healthy living behaviors in everyday life
Filtros de verificación y combate a la desinformación: estudio comparativo de la cobertura periodística en medios tradicionales, independientes y alternativos de la Región del Biobío (Chile)
Authors: Gutiérrez Atala Fernando , Valdés Muñoz Matías , Caamaño Fuentes Sofía
Published: December 2023

El nuevo panorama mediático muestra que los medios de comunicación tradicionales han dejado de ser la principal vía de información para usuarios, los cuales han adquirido un nuevo rol en el que exigen ser un sujeto activo. El poco control y la rapidez del entorno digital ha impedido el correcto chequeo de contenidos, dando lugar a las denominadas fake. En ese contexto, este estudio cualitativo estudió comparativamente los filtros de verificación utilizados por medios tradicionales, independientes y alternativos en la Región del Bío Bío, Chile. Por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas a periodistas de 10 medios de comunicación, se observó que medios tradicionales e independientes no han profundizado en técnicas de verificación, aun cuando siguen ofreciendo garantías de calidad informacional, pues sus pautas de trabajo incluyen el contraste y análisis de datos. Mientras, los medios alternativos (periféricos, extrasistémicos) no cuentan con procesos de validación previa, guiándose netamente por lo que reciben de usuarios en redes sociales, lo que influye en la calidad del producto ofrecido y en la propagación de desinformación.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE AND COST OF EQUITY EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC LISTED COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Razali Mohd Waliuddin , Sim Tracia S , Lung Yau Damien Lee Iung Yau , Taib Khan Fatin Nur Hidayah , Shaharuddin Shazali
Published: December 2023

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been rolled out in recent years as it has become vital owing to the massive growth of financial institutions, mutual funds, online resources, and other publications. CSR disclosure could reduce the cost of equity. The study's main objective is to investigate the CSR disclosure by companies listed in Malaysia towards the cost of equity. This study is based on three hundred four (304) samples of Malaysian listed companies from 2013 to 2014. The data of the samples were mainly collected from annual reports, except for financial data which were collected from DataStream. The result revealed that the CSR disclosure in the annual report could reduce the company's cost of equity by reducing information asymmetry, reducing agency costs, and reducing companies' risk. The result also shows that liquidity has a significant negative relationship with the cost of equity. The higher information disclosure enhances stock market liquidity, thus, reducing the cost of equity through the reduction of risk as well increasing demand for a company's securities. The size, liquidity, and growth have a significant relationship with the cost of equity.
Entre lo singular y lo compartido: Diálogos entre la Terapia Basada en Procesos y la Logoterapia en el marco organizativo de red del Metamodelo Evolutivo Extendido
Authors: De los Santos Darío Augusto
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se presentan las bases teóricas de la Terapia Basada en Procesos, un enfoque clínico reciente cuya bibliografía académica en español es escasa. Luego se utiliza este enfoque para abordar procesos y núcleos de tratamiento que son centrales en la Logoterapia en paralelo con las propuestas de otros modelos de intervención, organizándolos y articulándolos en el marco del Metamodelo Evolutivo Extendido (EEMM) que forma parte de las bases teóricas de la terapia basada en procesos. En el desarrollo del artículo resulta evidente que la Logoterapia anticipó y fue pionera en el abordaje de muchos de los temas y procesos centrales de las denominadas terapias de segunda y tercera generación, como también de la psicología positiva. No obstante, más allá de los estudios sobre la eficacia terapéutica general de la Logoterapia y otros modelos derivados de esta para ciertas problemáticas, excepto por algunas intervenciones como la intención paradójica y la promoción del descubrimiento del sentido de la vida, gran parte de los procesos y técnicas que se presentan no cuentan con evidencia empírica específica. En todos los casos hace falta evidencia empírica adicional, a la vez que algunos términos parecen hacer referencia a procesos similares o superpuestos por lo que resulta fundamental incrementar la precisión y alcance en su formulación. Por último, se presenta un ejemplo de formulación de caso clínico. Se concluye que el empleo del Metamodelo Evolutivo Extendido como clave organizativa e integradora de los procesos resulta prometedor por cuanto proporciona un lenguaje y un marco común que permite focalizar en los posibles ingredientes más potentes de diferentes intervenciones y la manera en que estos podrían ser combinados de manera efectiva para cada persona en su contexto particular.
La Psicología a través de los sellos postales
Authors: Borrego García Juan José , Borrego-Ruiz Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Los sellos postales son elementos de comunicación universales que transmiten mensajes culturales, históricos y sociales del país emisor. También son vehículos de imágenes y de eslóganes, por lo que se han considerado como un eficaz medio de enseñanza y divulgador de las ciencias. Comunicar la ciencia a través de los sellos ha sido una tarea frecuente en el ámbito docente, por ello se conocen diferentes publicaciones sobre sellos dedicados a la Química, a las Matemáticas, a la Física, a algunas ramas de la Medicina, o a las personas vinculadas al mundo científico. Sin embargo, la Psicología nunca ha sido objeto de ser examinada mediante los sellos postales. En este trabajo, se ha realizado una breve revisión histórica de la Psicología, a través de las diferentes corrientes psicológicas, haciendo énfasis en los psicólogos que han sido honrados por constituir el objeto de la emisión de un sello postal.
La invitación al presidente Wilson a Huelva 1918-19: el papel de la neutralidad española en la Europa de los aliados
Authors: Font Gavira Carlos
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo toma una propuesta concreta, la invitación al presidente de los Estados Unidos, Woodrow Wilson, a finales de 1918, a que visitara España, como base para encardinar el papel de la España neutral durante la Gran Guerra en la nueva Europa que iba a surgir de las negociaciones de las potencias aliadas en París (1919). El Conde de Romanones había sido presidente del Consejo de Ministros durante unos años cruciales de la guerra mundial (1915-1917) defendiendo la neutralidad española frente a amenazas muy directas como la guerra submarina alemana y las operaciones encubiertas del servicio de espionaje alemán asentado en España. Romanones volvió a ser presidente del gobierno español en los cinco meses que transcurren desde el 5 de diciembre de 1918 hasta el 15 de abril de 1919 marcados por la intensidad de las relaciones internacionales: la aplicación del Armisticio entre Alemania y los aliados junto a las primeras conversaciones en torno al futuro tratado de paz. Romanones viajó a París a finales de diciembre y tuvo un breve encuentro con el presidente de los Estados Unidos Woodrow Wilson. Los dos jefes de gobiernos trataron diversos asuntos y Romanones tuvo una peregrina propuesta: invitaba al presidente Wilson a España, concretamente, a visitar el puerto de Palos y el monasterio de la Rábida en la provincia de Huelva. Bajo este paraguas simbólico Romanones pretendía elevar a España en el nuevo marco de relaciones internacionales que se estaba construyendo en Europa tras las guerra.
Historia del periodismo onubense: un camino desde la nada al todo (1810-1923)
Authors: Rodríguez Leñero Manuel Ángel
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo relata la historia del periodismo onubense desde su nacimiento, en 1810 (Guerra de Independencia), hasta su época de máximo apogeo, de 1874 a 1923 (Restauración borbónica). Así, entre sus líneas se ilustrará la evolución de una actividad periodística que en un principio se había supuesto como tardía y humilde en relación con otras ciudades próximas a Huelva. Sin embargo, el paulatino arraigo y comprensión del uso adecuado de la prensa en la ciudad, siempre en pro de unos intereses determinados, hizo que poco a poco el territorio onubense fuese desarrollando una industria periodística que alcanzaría su máximo desarrollo entre los años ya mencionados. Se trata de un periodo muy significativo, puesto que esta misma horquilla temporal muestra el despertar y verdadero alcance de una prensa onubense que entre los años 1874 y 1923 llegaría a acumular la existencia de hasta cien cabeceras.
Plata mexicana en Villarrasa: la donación del indiano Pedro Jiménez Delgado (1675)
Authors: Páez Medina Sergio
Published: December 2023

Son muchos los casos, repartidos por toda la geografía peninsular, de donaciones de indianos enriquecidos en América que ofrecen a las vírgenes y santos de sus lugares de origen, por devoción y por añoranza de su tierra desde lugares tan lejanos. El caso que nos ocupa es el referido al indiano onubense Pedro Jiménez Delgado, natural de Villarrasa, que encargó en México y donó en 1675 a dos hermandades religiosas de su municipio un conjunto de piezas y objetos de culto, todo de plata: una custodia, un frontal de altar, un cáliz con patena, una bandeja, salvilla, vinajeras, blandones y otros enseres.

La platería indiana existente en la provincia de Huelva permite realizar estudios, como el aquí presentado, que en nuestro caso conjuga diversos factores: un acercamiento a la platería mexicana, una profundización a la figura poco conocida del donante como benefactor de arte religioso, la descripción detallada de la platería donada, los rasgos de las entidades beneficiarias y una visión del estado actual de estos objetos artísticos.
Breastfeeding Problems of Mothers in the Postpartum Period and Impact on Sleep Quality
Authors: Yasar Oznur , Cevik Esra , Topaloglu Oren Ekin Dila
Published: December 2023

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the breastfeeding problems encountered in the postpartum period and its effect on sleep quality.

Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 364 mothers who used social media platforms. Data collection tools were applied between 2-8 weeks postpartum with an online questionnaire method. Research data were evaluated using the t-test to compare the means of two groups and the One-Way ANOVA test to compare the means of multiple groups.

Results: In the study, the mean age of the mothers was 29.50±4.69 years, 57.4% had graduated from a university. Of the infants of the mothers, 97% took human milk, and 56.6% used pacifiers and bottles. Of the mothers who took part in the study, 73.6% had nipple cracks. The study found the Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale total score mean to be 28.29±8.08. The Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale total score was higher (poor sleep quality) in those with nipple cracks compared to those without.

Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the most common breastfeeding problem in the postpartum period is nipple cracks and that breastfeeding problems reduce the sleep quality of mothers in the postpartum period.

Keywords: breastfeeding, postpartum period, sleep quality
The Relationship of Pain Sensitivity and Severity with Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Egren Ozge , Tunc Karaman Sibel , Basat Okcan
Published: December 2023

Aim: To evaluate the relationship of pain sensitivity and pain severity with pain-related quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with individuals who applied to the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary hospital, and who had low back pain for at least 3 months. To obtain data, Patient Information Form, Dallas Pain Questionnaire, Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised, and Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire were used.

Results: While the total pain sensitivity of the 196 participants was detected to be moderate, 46.9% were Grade-3 according to Chronic Pain Scale-Revised. A significant correlation was found between the grade groups and age, presence of chronic disease, low back pain duration, treatment status, and compliance to advice. A significant relationship was found between grade groups and daily activities and work and leisure activities subgroups of Dallas Pain Questionnaire. The total Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire score was higher in women and those who did not receive any treatment for low back pain.

Conclusion: A number of socio-demographic and low back pain related variables were associated with pain severity and sensitivity. Daily activity, and work and leisure activities, which indicate the quality of life, were negatively affected by the increase in the severity of low back pain. High pain sensitivity also negatively affects the emotional situation.

Keywords: chronic pain, low back pain, pain severity, quality of life
Modeling the Transient Dynamics of Arresting Hooks and Cables through the Parameter Inversion Method
Authors: Li Long , Peng Yiming , Wang Yifeng , Wei Xiaohui , Nie Hong
Published: December 2023

Arresting gear systems play a vital role in carrier-based aircraft landing. In order to accurately understand the process of arresting hook and cable, this study introduces a parameter inversion method to model the arresting cable and applies it to the transient dynamics model of the arresting hook and cable. The feasibility of the arresting cable model and its application to the transient dynamics model of the arresting hook and cable are validated through arresting hook and cable impact tests. The study compares three different models of arresting cables for simulation results and concludes that assuming the arresting cable to be a beam with metal elastic parameters during the modeling process cannot ignore the influence of the cable’s torsional and bending stiffness on the modeling. The study also investigates the dynamic response of the arresting hook during the aircraft arrestment and hooking process and concludes that the stress peak of the hook arm is much lower throughout the entire arrestment process than at the moment of hooking the cable. The study further identifies factors that affect the stress on the arresting hook arm, such as the aircraft’s yaw angle, deck angle, cruising speed, and the initial position of the arresting hook and cable before engagement. The research results have significant implications for improving the design optimization of the structural strength of the functional components of the naval aircraft arresting system and provide theoretical guidance and technical reserves for subsequent related studies.
The Impact of Agricultural Insurance on Planting Structure Adjustment—An Empirical Study from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Chai Zhihui , Zhang Xiaoxia
Published: December 2023

Agricultural insurance is a risk management tool developed to guarantee regional production and national food security. Based on survey data from 629 households in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China, this paper examines the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’ planting structure. The results show that: (1) Farmers’ participation in agricultural insurance significantly affects their planting structure, especially lowering the level of specialization in production; insured households are about 3–6% lower than the non-insured, and there is a complementary effect between insurance participation and diversified planting. (2) For different types of farmers, participating in insurance has different effects on their agricultural production structure. Farmers purchasing insurance with low or medium levels in proportion to agricultural income significantly reduce the degree of production specialization. The effect of participation in insurance on large-scale farmers’ adjustment of planting structure is more obvious. For pure grain farmers, participation in insurance will reduce planting specialization by about 3–4%. (3) Participation in agricultural insurance will encourage farmers to plant grain crops, but the effect is small. Therefore, we need to expand the coverage areas, increase insurance types, and improve coverage levels; the products should be more targeted and differentiated, strengthening farmers’ participation in complete cost insurance and income insurance.
Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Insights into Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in ‘Ziyan’ Tea Plants under Varied Photoperiod and Temperature Conditions
Authors: Yang Chunjing , Chen Wei , Tang Dandan , Tan Xiaoqin , Tan Liqiang , Tang Qian
Published: December 2023

(1) Background: Anthocyanins, the main pigments in plants, are influenced by both temperature and photoperiod. However, the specific mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation in tea plants in response to these two environmental factors remain unclear. (2) Methods: This study subjected potted ‘Ziyan’ tea plants to four types of day-length and temperature treatments (HL (28 °C, 16 h), HS (28 °C, 8 h), LL (18 °C, 16 h), and LS (18 °C, 8 h)), and then conducted targeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the samples. (3) Results: Long photoperiods and low temperatures both promoted anthocyanin accumulation in the new shoots of the tea plants. Furthermore, the enhancing effects of these two environmental factors on anthocyanin accumulation are additive and exhibit interactive effects. Through a combined analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics, five key differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and twenty-two key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, the latter being found to participate in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways under varying light and temperature conditions. In summary, extended photoperiods primarily increase the content levels of ten metabolites, including cyanidin and naringenin-7-O-glucoside, by upregulating CHS, F3H, and ANS genes. In contrast, low temperatures primarily enhance the synthesis of seven anthocyanins, including cyanidin and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, by upregulating the ANS and UFGT genes. (4) Conclusions: Collectively, the differences in the expression levels of CHS, F3H, ANS, and UFGT might be responsible for ‘Ziyan’ tea plants’ purple shoot coloration, providing important data towards the discovery of candidate genes and molecular bases controlling the purple leaves of these tea plants under varied photoperiods and temperatures.
Investigation into the Effects of Different Restoration Techniques on the Soil Nutrient Status in Degraded Stipa grandis Grassland
Authors: Zhang Peiqing , Yu Tianqi , Shan Dan , Yan Ruirui , Zhang Lianyun , Wang Junjie , Wuren Qiqige
Published: December 2023

The degradation and desertification of grassland ecosystems have garnered significant attention both domestically and internationally. Grassland restoration techniques are widely considered a principal measure to promote the sustainable utilization of grasslands, with soil nutrient content being a core indicator for assessing the effectiveness of restoration in degraded grasslands. This study aims to explore the differential impacts of various grassland restoration methods on soil nutrient distribution in degraded Stipa grandis grasslands. Three major restoration methods, i.e., root cutting, enclosure, and fertilization, were applied in the study area. The soil nutrient content was measured and analyzed under the different restoration methods and at varying depths. The results revealed that under all three restoration methods and at different soil depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm), the organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable phosphorus, and available potassium contents were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, as soil depth increased, the contents of organic matter and all nutrients gradually decreased. Specifically, regarding the contents of different nutrients, the order of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available phosphorus was as follows: fertilization > enclosure > root cutting > control, while the contents of total potassium and available potassium followed the sequence: fertilization > enclosure > control > root cutting. Additionally, based on the canonical correlation analysis (R2 = 0.88), the total phosphorus content in soil had the greatest impact on soil nutrients, while vegetation cover and plant height contributed the most to vegetation characteristics. In grassland restoration, the increase in soil total phosphorus led to higher vegetation cover and height, mildly influenced plant diversity and density, and simultaneously promoted biomass accumulation. These research findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for the application of grassland restoration techniques, contributing to the sustainable development of grassland ecosystems.
Effects of Nitrogen Reduction at Different Growth Stages on Maize Water and Nitrogen Utilization under Shallow Buried Drip Fertigated Irrigation
Authors: Zhao Ju , Qi Yinglong , Yin Chunyan , Liu Xiaoyu
Published: December 2023

A field experiment of drip fertigated nitrogen reduction was set up in a typical Maize planting area in the Xiliao River Basin in 2018 and 2019. Different phased nitrogen reductions were set up under shallow buried drip irrigation during the growth period to explore ways to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by understanding the Maize regulation of nitrogen absorption and utilization. The recommended nitrogen application in the early stage (Nopt, total nitrogen 240 kg·hm−2) had the highest grain nitrogen uptake and total nitrogen uptake, followed by nitrogen reduction before the maximum canopy mulching (Nde-I, total nitrogen 180 kg·hm−2), nitrogen reduction after the maximum canopy mulching (Nde-II, total nitrogen 180 kg·hm−2) and no nitrogen application (N0). Without nitrogen application, the leaves were thin, green and yellow. The total nitrogen uptake was 38.54~41.31% lower than the recommended nitrogen application in the early stage. When nitrogen fertilizer was reduced in the maximum canopy mulching, grain nitrogen absorption was affected. Grain nitrogen absorption fell by 15.07% to 17.51% when nitrogen was reduced in the maximum canopy mulching compared to the recommended nitrogen application. The harvest index of nitrogen reduction before the maximum canopy coverage was 9.65~11.52% higher than that in the later stage, indicating that the nitrogen absorption between Maize grain, stem, and leaf was better regulated. Maize evapotranspiration water consumption was reduced throughout the growth cycle when nitrogen was reduced at various stages. Nitrogen reduction before maximum canopy mulching boosted water use efficiency (WUE) by 3.44% to 6.12% compared to the recommended nitrogen application in the early stage. The nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency increased by 11.17% to 13.87%. The nitrogen use efficiency rose by 10.99~3.15% (5.24~6.60 percentage points). A total of 25% of nitrogen fertilizer was saved with the yield declining by only about 5%, resulting in increased NUE while maintaining the yield stability. Under shallow buried drip fertigated irrigation, the appropriate reduction in nitrogen fertilizer during the period from Maize sowing to the maximum canopy development ensured the nitrogen supply during tasseling–silking stage and filling stage, which can be used as a regulation method and a way to improve the Maize fertilizer use efficiency.
Optimized Financial Planning: Integrating Individual and Cooperative Budgeting Models with LLM Recommendations
Authors: de Zarzà I. , de Curtò J. , Roig Gemma , Calafate Carlos T.
Published: December 2023

In today’s complex economic environment, individuals and households alike grapple with the challenge of financial planning. This paper introduces novel methodologies for both individual and cooperative (household) financial budgeting. We firstly propose an optimization framework for individual budget allocation, aiming to maximize savings by efficiently distributing monthly income among various expense categories. We then extend this model to households, wherein the complexity of handling multiple incomes and shared expenses is addressed. The cooperative model prioritizes not only maximized savings but also the preferences and needs of each member, fostering a harmonious financial environment, whether they are short-term needs or long-term aspirations. A notable innovation in our approach is the integration of recommendations from a large language model (LLM). Given its vast training data and potent inferential capabilities, the LLM provides initial feasible solutions to our optimization problems, acting as a guiding beacon for individuals and households unfamiliar with the nuances of financial planning. Our preliminary results indicate that the LLM-recommended solutions result in budget plans that are both economically sound, meaning that they are consistent with established financial management principles and promote fiscal resilience and stability, and aligned with the financial goals and preferences of the concerned parties. This integration of AI-driven recommendations with econometric models, as an instantiation of an extended coevolutionary (EC) theory, paves the way for a new era in financial planning, making it more accessible and effective for a wider audience, as we propose an example of a new theory in economics where human behavior can be greatly influenced by AI agents.
Effects of Supplemental Benzoic Acid, Bromelain, Adipic Acid, and Humic Substances on Nitrogen Utilization, Urine pH, Slurry pH, and Manure Odorous Compounds in Pigs
Authors: Yoo Seung Bin , Song Yoon Soo , Seo Siyoung , Kim Beob Gyun
Published: December 2023

The objective was to evaluate the effects of benzoic acid, bromelain, adipic acid, and humic substance supplementation on nitrogen balance, urinary pH, slurry pH, and manure odorous compounds in pigs. Fifteen castrated male pigs with an initial body weight of 37.9 kg (standard deviation = 4.1) were individually housed in metabolism crates. The animals were allocated to a triplicated 5 × 2 incomplete Latin square design with 15 animals, 5 experimental diets, and 2 periods. The basal diet mainly consisted of corn, soybean meal, and rapeseed meal. Four experimental diets were prepared by supplementing each additive at a concentration of 10 g/kg at the expense of corn starch to the basal diet. Each period consisted of a 4-day adaptation period, a 24 h collection period for slurry sampling, and a 4-day collection period for feces and urine. The feces and urine collected for 24 h on day 5 were mixed at a ratio of fecal weight and urine weight to obtain slurry samples. The apparent total tract digestibility N in pigs fed the humic substance diet was the least (p < 0.05) compared to the other groups. The daily retained N and N retention as % ingested tended (p < 0.10) to be the lowest in the adipic acid group among the treatments. The urinary pH in pigs fed the adipic acid diet was less (p < 0.05) than that in other groups except the benzoic acid group. The slurry pH tended to differ among the treatment groups (p = 0.074) with the lowest value in the pigs fed the adipic acid diet. The concentrations of indole in slurry (p = 0.084) and isovalerate in feces (p = 0.062) tended to differ among the groups with the lowest values in the pigs fed the humic substance diet. In conclusion, adipic acid supplementation in pig diets can decrease urinary pH and slurry pH. Although benzoic acid and adipic acid have limited effects in reducing odorous compounds, humic substances have the potential to reduce some odorous compounds.
Psychometric Testing and Validation of the Italian Version of the Helsinki Chronic Pain Index (I-HCPI) in Dogs with Pain Related to Osteoarthritis
Authors: della Rocca Giorgia , Schievano Carlo , Di Salvo Alessandra , Hielm-Björkman Anna K. , della Valle Maria Federica
Published: December 2023

Pain assessment is of paramount importance for properly managing dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) pain. The aim of the present study was to develop and psychometrically validate the Italian version of the Helsinki Chronic Pain Index (I-HCPI). Owners of OA painful (n = 87) and healthy dogs (n = 40) were administered the I-HCPI once or twice after an eight-week meloxicam treatment. Sixty-nine owners of healthy and OA dogs also completed the Italian version of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (I-CBPI). Pain on palpation on a 0–4 scale was assessed on all recruited dogs. Construct validity was tested both with hypothesis testing and principal component analysis, confirming the I-HCPI accurately measured chronic pain. Good convergent and criterion validity were shown through correlations with I-CBPI subscores and distribution among pain on palpation scores (p < 0.0001). The significant difference between the pre- and post-treatment I-HCPI scores (p < 0.0001) and Cohen’s effect size (2.27) indicated excellent responsiveness. The I-HCPI was shown to be reliable through communalities (range 0.47–0.90) and Cronbach α (≥0.95). Discriminative ability and cut-off point, as tested through Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis, showed excellent diagnostic accuracy with a threshold value of 11 (specificity 0.98 and sensitivity 0.94). The I-HCPI was confirmed to be a valid, sensitive, reliable, and accurate tool to discriminate between dogs with and without pain.
Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Early Heat Stress Response in the Brain of Chinese Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)
Authors: Wang Yue , Su Chengcheng , Liu Qian , Hao Xiancai , Han Shenglei , Doretto Lucas B. , Rosa Ivana F. , Yang Yanjing , Shao Changwei , Wang Qian
Published: December 2023

As a common influencing factor in the environment, temperature greatly influences the fish that live in the water all their life. The essential economic fish Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), a benthic fish, will experience both physiological and behavioral changes due to increases in temperature. The brain, as the central hub of fish and a crucial regulatory organ, is particularly sensitive to temperature changes and will be affected. However, previous research has mainly concentrated on the impact of temperature on the gonads of C. semilaevis. Instead, our study examines the brain using transcriptomics to investigate specific genes and pathways that can quickly respond to temperature changes. The fish were subjected to various periods of heat stress (1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 5 h) before extracting the brain for transcriptome analysis. After conducting transcriptomic analyses, we identified distinct genes and pathways in males and females. The pathways were mainly related to cortisol synthesis and secretion, neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions, TGF beta signaling pathway, and JAK/STAT signaling pathway, while the genes included the HSP family, tshr, c-fos, c-jun, cxcr4, camk2b, and igf2. Our study offers valuable insights into the regulation mechanisms of the brain’s response to temperature stress.
Genome-Wide Association Studies Reveal Candidate Genes Associated with Pigmentation Patterns of Single Feathers of Tianfu Nonghua Ducks
Authors: Twumasi Grace , Wang Huazhen , Xi Yang , Qi Jingjing , Li Liang , Bai Lili , Liu Hehe
Published: December 2023

In modern advanced genetics and breeding programs, the study of genes related to pigmentation in ducks is gaining much attention and popularity. Genes and DNA mutation cause variations in the plumage color traits of ducks. Therefore, discovering related genes responsible for different color traits and pigment patterns on each side of the single feathers in Chinese ducks is important for genetic studies. In this study, we collected feather images from 340 ducks and transported them into Image Pro Plus (IPP) 6.0 software to quantify the melanin content in the feathers. Thereafter, a genome-wide association study was conducted to reveal the genes responsible for variations in the feather color trait. The results from this study revealed that the pigmented region was larger in the male ducks as compared to the female ducks. In addition, the pigmented region was larger on the right side of the feather vane than on the left side in both dorsal and ventral feathers, and a positive correlation was observed among the feather color traits. Further, among the annotated genes, WNT3A, DOCK1, RAB1A, and ALDH1A3 were identified to play important roles in the variation in pigmented regions of the various feathers. This study also revealed that five candidate genes, including DPP8, HACD3, INTS14, SLC24A1, and DENND4A, were associated with the color pigment on the dorsal feathers of the ducks. Genes such as PRKG1, SETD6, RALYL, and ZNF704 reportedly play important roles in ventral feather color traits. This study revealed that genes such as WNT3A, DOCK1, RAB1A, and ALDH1A3 were associated with different pigmentation patterns, thereby providing new insights into the genetic mechanisms of single-feather pigmentation patterns in ducks.
Trends in Admissions and Outcomes at a British Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre over a Ten-Year Period (2012–2022)
Authors: Mullineaux Elizabeth , Pawson Chris
Published: December 2023

Millions of animals pass through wildlife rehabilitation centres (WRCs) globally each year, some dying in captivity, others euthanised, and some released into the wild. Those caring for these animals are generally well-intentioned, but skills, knowledge, and resources may be limited, potentially compromising animal welfare. WRC databases provide an opportunity to provide an evidence base for treatment and conservation efforts. 42,841 records of animals admitted over a 10-year period to a British WRC were analysed. More birds (69.16%) were admitted than mammals (30.48%) and reptiles and amphibians (0.36%). Most admissions were in the summer (48.8%) and spring (26.0%) months. A total of 9 of the 196 species seen made up 57% of admissions, and hedgehogs were the most common species admitted (14% of all admissions and 20% of mammals). Juvenile animals (35.5%) were admitted more frequently than ‘orphans’ (26.0%) or adults (26.4%). ‘Orphaned’ was also the predominant reason for admission (28.3%), followed by ‘injured’ (25.5%). 42.6% of animals were eventually released back to the wild, 19.2% died in captivity, and 37.2% were euthanised; 1% of outcomes were unknown. The prognosis was better for orphaned animals than for those admitted because of injury. Unexpected natural deaths in captivity were found to decline over the period of study, consistent with improved early triage. These findings can be used to focus veterinary and WRC training and seasonal resources on the species and case types most likely to be successfully rehabilitated and released. The findings also have the potential to contribute to our understanding of anthropogenic impacts, historical and regional variations in ecosystem health, and resultant implications for animal welfare.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum Biovars Pullorum and Gallinarum in Poultry: Review of Pathogenesis, Antibiotic Resistance, Diagnosis and Control in the Genomic Era
Authors: Farhat Mouad , Khayi Slimane , Berrada Jaouad , Mouahid Mohamed , Ameur Najia , El-Adawy Hosny , Fellahi Siham
Published: December 2023

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum (SG) has two distinct biovars, Pullorum and Gallinarum. They are bacterial pathogens that exhibit host specificity for poultry and aquatic birds, causing severe systemic diseases known as fowl typhoid (FT) and Pullorum disease (PD), respectively. The virulence mechanisms of biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum are multifactorial, involving a variety of genes and pathways that contribute to their pathogenicity. In addition, these serovars have developed resistance to various antimicrobial agents, leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Due to their economic and public health significance, rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective control and prevention of these diseases. Conventional methods, such as bacterial culture and serological tests, have been used for screening and diagnosis. However, molecular-based methods are becoming increasingly important due to their rapidity, high sensitivity, and specificity, opening new horizons for the development of innovative approaches to control FT and PD. The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of knowledge on biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum, emphasizing the importance of continued research into their pathogenesis, drug resistance and diagnosis to better understand and control these pathogens in poultry farms.
Flavonoid–Phenolic Acid Hybrids Are Potent Inhibitors of Ferroptosis via Attenuation of Mitochondrial Impairment
Authors: Günther Madeline , Dabare Samentha , Fuchs Jennifer , Gunesch Sandra , Hofmann Julian , Decker Michael , Culmsee Carsten
Published: December 2023

Cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and the flavonoids quercetin and taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. They are often referred to as polyphenols and are known, among others, for their pharmacological effects supporting health through the inhibition of aging processes and oxidative stress. To improve their bioavailability, pharmacological activities, and safety, the creation of novel flavonoid–phenolic acid hybrids is an area of active research. Previous work showed that such hybridization products of phenolic acids and flavonoids enhanced the resilience of neuronal cells against oxidative stress in vitro, and attenuated cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in vivo. Notably, the therapeutic effects of the hybrid compounds we obtained were more pronounced than the protective activities of the respective individual components. The underlying mechanisms mediated by the flavonoid–phenolic acid hybrids, however, remained unclear and may differ from the signaling pathways activated by the originating structures of the respective individual phenolic acids or flavonoids. In this study, we characterized the effects of four previously described potent flavonoid–phenolic acid hybrids in models of oxidative cell death through ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial ROS generation and has been linked to neurodegenerative conditions. In models of ferroptosis induced by erastin or RSL3, we analyzed mitochondrial (lipid) peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane integrity, and Ca2+ regulation. Our results demonstrate the strong protective effects of the hybrid compounds against ROS formation in the cytosol and mitochondria. Importantly, these protective effects against ferroptosis were not mediated by radical scavenging activities of the phenolic hybrid compounds but through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Our data highlight the effects of flavonoid–phenolic acid hybrids on mitochondrial metabolism and further important mitochondrial parameters that collectively determine the health and functionality of mitochondria with a high impact on the integrity and survival of the neuronal cells.
A Sound Velocity Profile Stratification Method Based on Maximum Density and Maximum Distance Clustering
Authors: Li Jian , Pan Yue , Li Rong , Zhu Tianlong , Zhang Zhen , Gu Mingyu , Han Guangjie
Published: December 2023

In the field of deep-sea positioning, this paper aims to enhance accuracy and computational efficiency in positioning calculations. We propose an improved method based on layered clustering of sound velocity profiles, where the profiles are stratified according to maximum distance and maximum density. Subsequently, a secondary curve fitting is applied to the stratified data. Ultimately, the underwater positioning is conducted using the sound velocity profiles’ post-layered fitting. We compare our approach with traditional methods such as k-means clustering, layered clustering, and gradient-based stratification. Experimental results demonstrate that, in the application scenario of a USBL system with a transducer tilted at 30°, and under the premise of autonomously controlling the number of layers, our method significantly improves positioning accuracy.
Assessing Soil Nutrient Content and Mapping in Tropical Tamil Nadu, India, through Precursors IperSpettrale Della Mission Applicative Hyperspectral Spectroscopy
Authors: Raju Anand , Subramoniam Rama
Published: December 2023

Remote sensing techniques are capable of mapping soil nutrient concentrations and preparing soil maps for long-term agricultural productivity and food security. Recently, hyperspectral imaging techniques have been widely used to quantify and map nitrogen levels in the soil in large areas. In this study, we employed a partial least square regression (PLSR) technique over PRISMA hyperspectral data on part of the Radhapuram area, Tirunelveli District, India to improve the accuracy of estimating soil nutrient levels. The results of the study show that the PLSR prediction accuracy rates using field observations provided the most accurate estimates of soil containing organic carbon (OC), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). Soil nutrient predictions were carried out using bands in visible near-infrared and near-infrared regions. Analysis of 150 bands using random analyses provided an R2 value of 0.970 and the PLSR technique performed best while using the combined bands in the VNIR+NIR regions. Based on the analyses, PRISMA hyperspectral images using spectral angle mapper (SAM) image classification provided a better map of the soil consisting of organic carbon. The research findings are important references for the prediction of soil nutrients with high accuracy.
A New Security Proof for Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
Authors: Krawec Walter O.
Published: December 2023

Twin-field QKD (TF-QKD) protocols allow for increased key rates over long distances when compared to standard QKD protocols. They are even able to surpass the PLOB bound without the need for quantum repeaters. In this work, we revisit a previous TF-QKD protocol and derive a new, simple, proof of security for it. We also look at several variants of the protocol and investigate their performance, showing some interesting behaviors due to the asymmetric nature of the protocol.