bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electricity Energy Saving Assessment for Induction Motors towards Sustainable Energy Practice in Indonesian Small and Medium Industry
Authors: Tanoto Yusak
Published: November 2012

This paper presents energy saving assessment on induction motors which are particularly being utilized in the small and medium industry. A walk-through motor energy audit is carried out in a typical type of industry in Indonesia to collect some important data. Strategy for annual motor energy saving is assessed involving energy efficient motor, variable speed drive, and capacitor bank. In addition, analysis is carried out to find impact on energy efficiency indicator as well as CO2 emission due to energy saving. It is revealed that the combination on selected motor saving strategy may lead to reduce electricity energy by around 10%, equal to around 38% CO2 emission mitigation. Besides, energy efficiency indicators are found to be improved. Hence environment emission is significantly reduced by applying appropriate motor energy saving for small and medium industry.
Electricity Generation of the Water Weighted Sun Tracking System in Sirindhorn Solar Power Plant
Authors: Hongkammeung Manop , Wongwuttanasatian Tanakorn
Published: November 2012

The purpose of this research was to investigate and compare the electrical power generation between the water weighted sun tracking system and the fixed installation system of the 1 MW solar power plant at Sirindhorn Dam. Two types of photovoltaic cell used in the water weighted sun tracking system were considered: multi-crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon. The results proved that the multi-crystalline silicon type produced 20.58% and the amorphous silicon type produced 16.57% more electrical energy than those of the fixed installation system, respectively. Overall, the water weighted sun tracking system generated 300,934.11 kWh/year more than that of the fixed installation system. The cost of the water weighted sun tracking system was 8.04 million bath and the payback period was 2.44 years, which was considered an attractive investment.
Adjusting the Transient Stability of Power System Using STATCOM-SMES Combined Compensator
Authors: Ghahramani Jalil , Madahi Seyed Siavash Karimi
Published: November 2012

Since most of the new FACTS devices are operating in compensating active and reactive power and most of the electrical energy saving systems have an acceptable operation in compensating active and reactive power, in this paper a combined compensator of STATCOM-SMES is introduced and is exploit in order to adjust the transient stability of power network. The purpose of this paper is analyzing the more effective operation of combined compensator of STATCOM-SMES comparing with STATCOM compensator, using an appropriate strategy in adjusting the transient stability. To do this, a single machine infinite bus is assumed as sample system and using combined compensator in sample power network, appropriate results are shown for adjusting transient stability. Simulations are carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC.
An Algorithm for Airborne Conflict Detection Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Jiao Yu Liang , Zhang Xue Jun , Guan Xiang Min
Published: November 2012

Classifying other aircraft’ intentions are a very complex task but it can be very essential in assisting system in navigating safely in dynamic and possibly hostile environments. This paper introduces an intent classification and conflict detection approach based on support vector machines. It then applies it to a conflict detection problem to assist an aircraft in detecting the intention of an approaching suspicious aircraft. The SVM-based conflict detection approach achieved very promising results.
Research on a Novel Federated Least Square Filter Based on Integrated Navigation
Authors: Liu Hai Peng , Zhang Ke , Li Heng Nian
Published: November 2012

With the fast development of aviation industry, integrated navigation techniques must be improved quickly along with it. In order to overcome the limitation of classical Kalman filtering algorithm in multi-sensor information fusion, the regression memory factor is introduced while the statistic characteristic of the system noise and measurement noise are uncertain. Firstly, a novel federated least square filtering algorithm based on integrated navigation is offered, and this filtering algorithm’s practical criterion is deducted. Then, a simulation flat of integrated navigation system is set up, and the simulation is conducted. Finally, through the contrast between this filter and the classical federated filter, the adaptability and accuracy of this algorithm is approved.
A New Anti-Interference Magnet Sensor
Authors: Wang Tie Liu , Feng Zheng Qian
Published: November 2012

Anti-interference magnets sensor is used to railway wheel signal detection, it includes a magnetic field, a set which have induction to the magnetic field and the signal processing circuit which connect to the induction parts. In order to completely overcome the defect compared with ordinary wheel sensor in anti-interference, and not only adapt to measure the high speed train, but also adapt to measure the low speed train. We designed a kind of new wide response speed railway wheel sensor used giant magnetic resistance. It satisfies the requirements of detecting speed of 0km/h to 350 km/h, and improves the accuracy of detecting kinds of parameters in train. So it can ensure the safety of the train traffic[1-2].
Development of Feeding Rate Detection Sensor Based on Wireless Technology
Authors: Wang Ling , Wang Xin , Wang Shu Mao
Published: November 2012

Feeding rate measurement is one of the most critical technologies in precision agricultural system. In present study, a wireless sensor was constructed to detect the feeding rate for corn combine harvester. Torsional strain gauges were fixed in the modified sprocket at header auger to measure the flow rate of collected corn in a form of torque. The force change was then transformed into voltage signal, which could be transmitted by Zigbee wireless module integrated in the sensor. To evaluate the reliability of the sensor, field study was conducted to develop a model between feeding rate and wheel torque. Obtained results showed that the developed sensor could detect the change of feeding rate, and further work should be conducted to calibrate the accuracy of the sensor.
A Technical Research of Glass Thickness Detection Based on CCD Displacement Sensor
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Zhao Ba
Published: November 2012

China has over one hundred of glass production lines, which are about 200 meter. It can produce different kinds of sheet glass. When changing the thickness of class, it will take a long time to regulate the productive method. If the thickness of glass brand is not stable, it will result in great waste. However, if we can detect the glass thickness in the hot side of the tinbath or annealing kiln and provide the data in time, we can shorten the time and reduce the cost. Our research project adopts laser trigonometry displacement measure theory in the hot side of annealing kiln to make sensibility of the reaction signal low and noise loud at the surface of glass. Furthermore, we must use special methods to deal with the signal. Through the experimental validating and the data-analyzing, the theory and the method are feasible.The research in this field has great significance to improve our country’s glass production quality, cut down the production cost and lessen the waste of materials.
The Measurement of Small Cylindrical Pieces Based on Digital Image Processing
Authors: Tian Xiao Jing , Dong Hua Jun , Li Dong Ming , Zhang Xiao Bo
Published: November 2012

This paper establishes a monitoring system suitable for online measurement of dimentional parametres of small cylindrical pieces. The system ,which is based on digital image processing ,consists of optical light sources, a CCD camera, PC, and MATLAB digital image processing toolbox. The image acquired by CCD is pre-processed through the procedure of image gray enhancement, image equalization, image binarization and dimentional parameters extraction interface to achieve online measurement. The smallest rectangle method is used to obtain the dimentional parameters. An automatic detection interface of dimentional parameters measurement based on MATLAB is compiled which can provide a solid foundation for the online and fast detection of dimentional parameters based on image processing technology.
Tribological Properties and Wear Mechanism of Self-Lubricating Ni-P/PTFE
Authors: Xu Deng , Li Ning , Ma Ji Jie , Cheng Guang Ming , Wang Lin Lin
Published: November 2012

The self-lubrication Ni-P/PTFE co-coatings were obtained by chemical plating. The tribological properties of the co-coating were carried on by the MM-200 type abrasion, and the microstructure and compounds of this composition and surface morphology were described by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope separately. The Ni-P/PTFE co-coating still had a low friction coefficient and good wear resistance. This was due to the PTFE material structure with the twisted chain, helical characteristics of carbon nanotubes, and the hexagonal structure in connection with many unusual mechanical and chemical properties.
The Method of 1394b Bus Transmission Cable Electrical Characteristics Testing
Authors: Ma Li , Yin Ya Fang
Published: November 2012

This paper presents a method of 1394b bus transmission cable electric parameters testing and provides a reliable way in selecting transmission cable. This paper introduces the IEEE-1394b protocol for transmission cable of electric parameters and requirements. We set up platform for 1394 cable testing, taking four kinds of 1394 bare wire cable and cable with Quadrax connector for dielectric withstanding voltage, differential impedance and so on. Using this test method can accurately reflect the 1394 cable’s electrical characteristics.
Optimization of Cylindrical Ion Traps for Testing Low Mass Ions
Authors: Zhao Zhan Feng , Jiang Jie , Zhou Zhi Quan
Published: November 2012

Optimization of cylindrical ion trap is to be done for testing low mass ions such as H2+, H3+ ,He+. The principle of optimization is reducing the higher order fields, not the “-10% compens- ation” rule introduced by R.Graham Cooks. The model of CIT is built by CST. The best z0 is obtained when r0=10mm. At last, the MS of Hydrogen and Helium shows the optimization is successful.
Design of Remote Pressure Monitoring System
Authors: Chen Lin , Li Ke , Xie Xiao Wen
Published: November 2012

Detection and measurement of pressure plays an important role on safety at different applications such as bridge, mine monitoring. The paper design and develop a remote pressure monitoring system (RPMS). The system is composed of three layers: pressure data sensing, data collection and pressure monitoring. Firstly, the pressure changes are measured by high sensitivity strain gauge and the signal is transferred, amplified and A/D converted; secondly, the pressure data is transmitted from different pressure sensing points to monitoring points; thirdly, after local stored, they are further sent to server center which can real-time monitoring all necessary sensing points. The prototype has also been implemented to verify the efficiency and effectivity of RPMS.
UAV Collision Detection Algorithm Design Based on Circle Overlapping Test
Authors: Radzi N.F.M. , Mubin M. , Rahim Nasrudin Abd , Mokhtar N.
Published: November 2012

Each UAV require a robust collision detection in its operating system to ensure it can aware the potential of collision in near future. Collision detection algorithm is one of the important parts that need to be concerned in the CAS. This paper proposes a design of collision avoidance algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicle based on circle overlapping test. Assuming two moving UAV are flying in the same altitude and in straight path within a two dimensional plane as conflict problem. Both UAV are cooperative aircrafts which communication of position, heading angle, waypoint, and velocity are allowed. The proposed algorithm will determine the collision potential between the surrounding intruders according to the conflict information.
A Digitally Controlled Oscillator for ADPLL Application
Authors: Wu Xiu Long , Wang Fa Niu , Lin Zhi Ting , Chen Jun Ning
Published: November 2012

In order to solve the defects in performance for analog RF circuit in deep submicron process, this paper discusses a new type of LC oscillators(Digitally Controlled Oscillator), which uses digital RF method to achieve the technology requirements of wireless communication. This new type of oscillator uses MOS varactor arrays to moderating the output frequency, through the using of digitally Sigma-Delta technology, we can get more precise resolution , and through using three modes progressively working way can make this kind of structure easily implement in process.
Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for Performance Optimization of Electronic Filter Circuit Designs
Authors: Kien Chong Woon , Chin Neoh Siew
Published: November 2012

This article discusses and analyzes particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach in the design and performance optimization of a 4th-order Sallen Key high pass filter. Three types of particle swarm features are studied: basic PSO, PSO with regrouped particles (PSO-RP) and PSO with diversity embedded regrouped particles (PSO-DRP). PSO-RP and PSO-DRP are proposed to solve the stagnation problem of basic PSO. Based on the developed PSO approaches, LTspice is employed as the circuit simulator for the performance investigation of the designed filter. In this paper, 12 design parameters of the Sallen Key high pass filter are optimized to satisfy the required constraints and specifications on gain, cut-off frequency, and pass band ripples. Overall results show that PSO with diversity embedded regrouped particles improve the conventional search of basic PSO and has managed to achieve the design objectives.
Design and Analysis of N-Type CNTFET Based 2 X 1 Multiplexer
Authors: Varthamanan Y. , Kannan V.
Published: November 2012

This paper enumerates the efficient design and analysis of N-type CNTFET based 2X1 Multiplexer. The Multiplexer is designed using Ballistic CNTFET (VHDL-AMS model) with the dcnt of 1nm in resistive load inverter logic. The transient and power analysis are obtained with operating voltage at 0.6V for the multiplexer using system vision tool. There are many issues facing while integrating many number of transistors like short channel effect, power dissipation, scaling of the transistors. To overcome these problems by Consider the carbon nano tube(CNT) have promising application in the field of electronics. The simulation results are presented, and the power consumptions are compared with the conventional MOSFET design. The comparison of results indicated that the CNTFET based design is capable of efficient power savings.
Convection-Enhanced Intratumoral Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Modeling
Authors: Zhang Lu Jun , Jiang Ming Yan
Published: November 2012

Convection-enhanced intratumoral drug delivery has received increased attention for solid cancer therapy. With CED delivery, the advantages of the use of lipid nanoparticles carrier have been shown in many experimental cancer therapy studies. Thus, the measurement of efficiency of intratumoral nanoparticles CED becomes more and more important. Herein, an improved mathematical modeling method using modified Navier-Stokes equations to simulate nanoparticle CED delivery has been formulated. We separately modeled the delivery procedure of fluid medium (generally water) and nanoparticles. Based on mass conservation equation and Navier-Stokes equations, we constructed the model of the water medium flowing in porous tumor tissue, and then used the convection equations to describe the nanoparticle delivery procedure. Using our intratumoral nanoparticle CED model, we analyzed the effects of the links between the nanoparticle drug delivery distribution and some dominating factors. This work is helpful for predicting the drug distribution in tumor and opens up new opportunities for using computer science to help clinical tumor treatment plan.
Screw Algorithm Optimized with Instantaneous Signals
Authors: Chen Jian Feng , Chen Xi Yuan , Zhu Xue Fen
Published: November 2012

Recent dramatic progress in strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) algorithm is the design of SINS principle based on screw algorithm, utilizing dual quaternion. In this paper, the screw algorithm consisting of angular rate and specific force is optimized under a special screw motion. The special screw motion is derived from classical screw motion and can be taken as a complicated sculling motion including classical coning motion. Subsequently, the coefficients in the multi-sample screw algorithms and the corresponding algorithm drifts are determined by minimizing the error on direct component. The simulation results of attitude and velocity errors agree with the optimization goals, except when the number of subinterval is greater than 2. An explanation of this phenomenon is delivered.
Simulations and Experiment Analysis of a Piezoelectric Micropump
Authors: Guan Yan Fang , Shen Ming Gang , Han Li Li
Published: November 2012

The application of micropump in microanalytical reagent is widely. In this paper a piezoelectric micropump model that looks like a sandwitch has been put forward. The main structures of the micropump include inlet and outlet pipe, silicon substrate pump body, piezoelectric transducer. In order to find the excellent driving performance, the modals and piezoelectric-stress coupling analysis of the piezoelectric transducer has been carried out with finite element analysis methods. The result proves that the optimal working condition of the micropump is the 1st mode. Finally the micropump model has been fabricated with silicon deep reactive ion etching and UV irreversible irradiation. Through experiment the flow rate and pressure of the micropump reach the maximum in first-order modal that is less than 1000 Hz, and this is accord with the modal analysis.
Research on the Biofilm Accretion of Flotation Bio-Filter
Authors: Li Pan Pan , Ning Xing Fang , Ye Kun Peng , Chen Guo Ning
Published: November 2012

Removal the pollutants of the polluted water through flotation bio-film are reached by the cooperation work of microbial degradation and sand filter. This paper through dosing the bacterial suspension and nutrition did the research on biofilm accretion. Results showed that the biomass on quartz sand had greatly increased, and the removal rates of organic and ammonia nitrogen also had a huge increase. At the end of biofilm accretion, the removal rates of pollutants keep at a stable value.
Based on Man-Machine Interaction Interface Design of Product
Authors: Ma Xue Liang , Sun Jie , Shan Shao Fu
Published: November 2012

This paper describes the human-computer interaction theory, experience from the user's point of view, with the aid of system design, the use of products in the process of non amenity factors, industrial product interface design and analyzes the existing problems, puts forward product interface design principles and methods, through the analysis of the user model, points out the good interaction the design can realize the user experience, improve people's quality of life.
Realization of 3D Embossment Effect Based on a Relief Image
Authors: Jing Jun Feng , Lin Jing , Shi Xiao Yan , Cheng Hong Yan
Published: November 2012

In order to get a 3D embossment effect from a single relief image, this paper proposes a new method. In this method, the object region is given height values based on the main idea that the whole image is regarded as a matrix which consists of many pixels, and then do some relative matrix operations to it. At the same time, the whole image is considered as a 2D grid, and the colour–level of the image is regarded as the height value. Then render a 3D mesh. In order to obtain a better visual effect, a light treatment is set for the new generated image.
Automatically Generate Three-Dimensional Pipelines Based on GeoDataBase MultiPatch Model
Authors: Li Guo Huang , He Hua Jun
Published: November 2012

With the development of city, the scale of underground pipeline is always extending and to solve the problem of virtual underground pipeline generation is extremely urgent. In this paper, we will use the triangular slice to establish three-dimensional MultiPatch models. The three-dimensional vector will be used in this new modeling method of 3D visualization of underground pipeline. The method can automatically deal with elbows or straight pipe modeling problems. And we find it suitable for rapid modeling and wide range of applications through our series of test.
The Comprehensive Risk Analysis of Dam-Break Consequences Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Wang Xiao Ling , Ao Xue Fei , Sun Rui Rui , Guo Wei Ping
Published: November 2012

Dam break is a serious social disaster, which causes a great deal of damage to the society and environment. In this paper, a 3D turbulence model coupled with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method for the dam-break flood propagating is established, the loss of life resulting from dam failure is calculated by the modified Graham method, a statistical method is used for the economic loss, the main factors for social and environmental impacts are introduced, and finally the linear weighting method is carried out for comprehensive evaluation and analysis of dam-break consequences. The dam-break consequences of Dongwushi reservoir in Handan is taken as a case, the life loss, the economic loss, as well as social and environmental impacts are analyzed, and then a comprehensive evaluation of the dam-break consequences carried out.
Design, Simulation and Optimization of Electrothermal Micro Actuator
Authors: Ali Abid , Azim R.A. , Khan U.S. , Syed A.A. , Izhar U.
Published: November 2012

This work presents the design and optimization of out of plane electrothermal MEMS actuators. The proposed concept is capable of generating large out of plane displacement at low driving power and a low actuation temperature. The performance of this actuator is evaluated and simulated in ANSYS. The out of plane displacement of 291µm at a temperature increase of 135°C from ambient has been achieved with the applied power of 2.7mW(0.7V). Moreover, a thermal time constant of 5.6ms and a frequency of 85Hz is accomplished for this actuator.
The Modeling and Simulation of Induction Motor Control System Based on Stator Flux-Oriented
Authors: Juan Bi , Shen Feng Long
Published: November 2012

The torque regulator, flux regulator and speed regulator of induction motor control system are designed based on stator flux-oriented. An improved flux integration algorithm is adopted to eliminate the drift of the DC voltage and the initial value in the pure integrator. The simulation of induction motor control system is achieved by using the MATLAB. Simulation results show that the control system has good dynamic and static properties, which further verify the correctness and feasibility of the design system.
Modeling and Characteristics Investigation of Three-Phase Step Motor Based on Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Ning Shu Rong , Fan Zhuo Yu
Published: November 2012

The dynamic behavior of step motor is of great importance in the field of the developing high performance open-loop system. The dynamic simulation model of a 3-phase reluctance step motor was established on neglecting the mutual inductance between phases and magnetic circuit saturation. The simulation results were verified by the motor characteristic under deferent controller. The characteristics of the motor were analyzed under various operation and load conditions. The work provides an active approach for further designing and controlling the step motor.
A Novel Hybrid Algorithm with Marriage of Particle Swarm Optimization and Homotopy Optimization for Tunnel Parameter Inversion
Authors: Hu Jian Ping , Liu Ya Lian , He Xing , Wen Jian Hua
Published: November 2012

The principle of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Homotopy Optimization (HO) is introduced. For the purpose of improving the local-searching efficiency of the PSO，HO-PSO is presented by combining the PSO with HO. New space homotopy curve produced by homotopy particle function directs the particle’s local optimization. For comparison，the methods of HO-PSO, PSO and FEM(Finite Element Method) are used to calculate the tunnel parameter inversion of the Shuibuya Project on the basis of the measured displacements. The result shows that HO-PSO takes smaller time compared with PSO and FEM in a same precision level, and the calculated values are in good agreement with the measured values，which also indicate that the HO-PSO can be well applied to the displacement back analysis in tunnel engineering.
Compensating Impact of the Roll Variation of Airborne Platform on Laser Point Cloud from Airborne LiDAR
Authors: Wang Jian Jun
Published: November 2012

The roll variation of airborne platform has significant impact on the coverage area and point density of the laser point cloud obtained by airborne LiDAR. Thus, it is of practical significance to compensate the impact of roll variation. In this paper, a compensation device was designed firstly, including the mechanical structure and control system, to compensate the impact of roll variation on the laser point cloud. Then, the compensation principle of the airborne LiDAR with the designed compensation device was analyzed. Finally, the actual working procedure of the airborne LiDAR with the designed compensation device was simulated, in which the measurement errors of the position and orientation system (POS), as well as the measurement errors and control errors of the designed compensation device has been considered. The experimental results show that the designed compensation device is effective to compensate the impact of the roll variation.
Deposit Digitizing for JiaYaShan Ore Block in LanPing Pb-Zn Mine
Authors: Li Yu Jian , Li Wen Chang , Yan Yong Feng
Published: November 2012

Lanping Pb-Zn mine is the biggest Pb-Zn mine of China. It is necessary for the mine to digital. On the basis of systematic analysis of and research on Jiayashan ore block in Lanping pb-zn mine, Mine Mathematical Model software, Surpac software and Micrmine software from abroad for digitization ware used to study this deposit. Finally, a three-dimensional space deposit model was established. As a result, the dynamic management of mine has been realized, the degree of automation and systematize have been increased for mining production, the scientific help have been presented for making use of resources sufficiently and reasonably.
Effect of Varying Aspect Ratio on Relative Stability for Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects
Authors: Farrokhi Maryam , Faez Rahim , Nasiri Saeed Haji , Davoodi Bita
Published: November 2012

Achieving dense off-chip interconnection with satisfactory electrical performance is emerging as a major challenge in advanced system engineering. Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have been recently proposed as one of the potential candidate materials for both transistors and interconnect. In addition, development is still underway for alternative materials and processes for high aspect ratio (AR) contacts. Studding the effect of varying aspect ratio on relative stability of graphene nanoribbon interconnects is an important viewpoint in performance evaluation of system. In this paper, Nyquist stability analysis based on transmission line modeling (TLM) for GNR interconnects is investigated. In this analysis, the dependence of the degree of relative stability for multilayer GNR (MLGNR) interconnects on the aspect ratio has been acquired. It is shown that, with increasing the aspect ratio of each ribbon, MLGNR interconnects become more unstable.
Mathematical Modeling of Industrial Heat Exchanger System
Authors: Emhemed Abdulrahman A.A. , Mamat Rosbi Bin , Hanafi Dirman
Published: November 2012

In manufacturing and industrial fields used heat exchanger to control of temperature weather as a boiler or cooling system. This system is not stable as the temperature output can easily disturb by noise and other disturbance such as surrounding temperature. To improve the heat exchanger system performance, the mathematical model‘s needed. The heat exchanger mathematical model in this case is constructed using dynamic modelling based on real parameters of the heat exchanger. The simulation result shows almost similar trend of responses with the experiment result, it means they are can used as a model of the heat exchanger.
Research of Hanging Rail Car Network Control
Authors: Xiao Ke , Li Hu , Wang Jing Zhong
Published: November 2012

A vehicle monitoring and dispatching system based on GPS and GPRS technologies is designed in this paper. This system communicate with server, upload GPS information and timely response to the various instructions issued from server through the Socket, and the position of moving vehicle is shown in the electronic map in the monitor center. Various control instructions issued by the server to achieve the remote monitoring of the vehicle, the real-time controlling of the multbvehicle system is achieved.
Achieving High-Performance Bulk Silicon Electrothermal Actuator on CMOS Substrate
Authors: Cai Chun Hua , Qin Ming
Published: November 2012

In this paper, a new approach for increasing the sensitivity of the bulk silicon electrothermal actuators is reported. And the bulk-Si MEMS electrothermal actuators are fabricated on the CMOS substrate by a novel and simple post-CMOS process. Through this technology, the substrate isolation and electrical interconnection between the CMOS circuits and MEMS sensors are achieved perfectly. The measurement results show that the sensitivity of the modified electrothermal actuators is about 6 times higher than that of the non-modified electrothermal actuators. And the sensitivities (non-linearity) of the modified and non-modified electrothermal actuators are 20.23μm/V (0.865%) and 3.34μm/V (0.37%), respectively. Furthermore, the finite element software ANSYS was used to verify the design and the models of the electrothermal actuator. The electrothermal actuator was characterized under the 3D microscopy.
Research on Control Strategy and Control Plan of Highway Monitor System
Authors: Chen Jian , Liu Yu Xin
Published: November 2012

At present in China control strategy and control plan of highway monitor system are realized by collecting traffic environmental information, analyzing and processing by computer technology, publishing induction or banned instructions automatically and uniting the overall coordination of the road network traffic operation. In recent years in some provinces monitor plans of the whole distance have been started and monitor strategies of the whole distance have been made completely in order to make highway transportation safer, more open and more comfortable. With the help of the engineering experience and the characteristics of control strategy and control plan of highway monitor system in some provinces and cities ,I study the control strategy and control plan of highway monitor system and in detail analyze four cases that are the traffic flow control plan, the traffic incident control plan, the meteorological environment control plan and the emergency phone alarm control plan by research on the control method, the control process, the facility linkage control and the control result.
An Ordering Approach Based on Evaluative Function for Rectangular Packing Problem
Authors: Qi Yang , Wang Jin Min
Published: November 2012

The most of the ordering approaches are derived from the practice of the production and life, and these approaches ensure relatively good packing result. In view of rectangular packing problem, this paper presents an ordering approach which is based on evaluative function. By the analysis of this evaluative function, some properties of this ordering approach are obtained. And through contrast experiment, it is proved that this ordering approach is beneficial to improve the space utilization of packing result.
Flow Properties of Fluids Confined in Parallel-Plate Nanochannels
Authors: Zhang Zhong Qiang , Cheng Guang Gui , Ding Jian Ning , Ling Zhi Yong
Published: November 2012

Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to explore the fluid flows in parallel-plate nanochannels. A “channel moving” pressure-driven model is utilized to study the planar Poiseuille flows. Considering the slip boundary conditions, relationships among the pressure gradient, mean flow velocity and the channel width are investigated to couple the atomistic regime to continuum. The results show that the mean flow velocity almost linearly increases with the increase of the pressure gradient. The slope of the linear relationship between the pressure gradient and the mean flow velocity is nonlinearly decreased with increasing the channel width. The results indicate that the approximate accuracy is reduced with decreasing the channel width while the pressure-driven flows confined in nanochannels are approximately described by the Navier-Stokes equations.
Discrete Time Sliding Mode on Model Reference Adaptive System Based Sensorless Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Zhang Yong Jun , Zhang Yong Kang , Li Xiao Zhan
Published: November 2012

Sensorless induction motor drives are widely used in industry for their reliability and flexibility. It’s very important to improve the performance of speed estimation in some cases, especial at low speed of IM drives. The authors have proposed and developed a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based on discrete time sliding mode algorithm(DTSM), which has high performance for sensorless induction motor drive in low speeds. The new algorithm obtains the identification flux using the classic MRAS, and the PI adaptive law in MRAS is replaced with the sliding mode observer which is acquired by the error function. This paper presents the theory, modelling, simulation and experimental results of the proposed DTSM-MRAS based sensorless direct torque control induction motor drives.
Inverse Kinematics and Dynamics of a 3-DOF Spatial Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Yang Jian Xin , Zhao Ben , Li Chun Li
Published: November 2012

Recently the parallel manipulator with less DOFs has attracted industry and academia, but the research on its dynamics is still an open problem. In this paper, the inverse dynamic of a spatial parallel manipulator with two translational degrees of freedom and one rotational degree of freedom is studied based on the Newton-Euler approach. The kinematics analysis is firstly performed in a closed form. The inverse dynamic equation of this manipulator is formulated by using the Lagrange multiplier approach and choosing the Cartesian position and orientation as the generalized coordinates. Finally a numerical example is given for the kinematic and dynamic simulation of this manipulator. The model will be useful to improve the design of the mechanical components and the control algorithm.
Nonlinear Coordinated Control for SVC and Generator Excitation Based on Sliding Mode Dynamic Surface Method
Authors: Li Wen Lei
Published: November 2012

Based on sliding mode dynamic surface method and disturbance attenuation technique, the nonlinear adaptive robust controllers of power systems coordinated control for SVC and generator excitation is proposed in this paper. In the sliding mode dynamic surface method, parameter adaptive laws are not based on the certain equivalent criterion. Because during controller design procedure besides the external disturbances are considered, the parametric uncertainties are mainly considered also, thus it can guarantee the whole errors system asymptotically stable under the derived controller.
The Scheduling of the Elevator Group Control System Modeling and Simulation Based on PSO
Authors: Han Qi , Zhang Li
Published: November 2012

Focusing on scheduling of multi-objective optimization in the elevator group control system(EGCS), this article gives a different strategy for dispatching elevator based on improvement of service quality and low energy consumption. Multi-objective evaluation function is modeled base on three factors for average waiting time, average operation time and energy consumption.By making use of particle swarm optimization algorithm to finish the model and simulation of EGCS. Virtual simulation platform should be built by using C++builder6.0.Simulation result indicates the superiority of optimal algorithm
A Review on Fault-Tolerant Control for Single-Link Flexible Manipulator System
Authors: Latip Siti Fadilah Abd , Husain Abdul Rashid , Sarayati Amira , Razak Shahrul Hamzah Abdul
Published: November 2012

In this paper, a review of the historical development of fault- tolerant control, some proposals for the terminology in the field of supervision, fault detection and tolerance control are presented. The directions in which the subject is going are summarised and some pointers are given as to the likely issues and where new research effort is required. The paper provides a basic literature review covering most areas of fault-tolerant control of single-link flexible manipulator system.
Ladder Logic Diagram Development for Programmable Logic Controllers via S-Method
Authors: Yong Lim Chin , Saad Nordin , Idris Adrien Muhammad , Syahmi Ahmad Hazwan
Published: November 2012

This paper proposes a method of developing ladder logic diagram for PLCs via S-method (a structured method of programming routines). From flexible manufacturing industry point of view, engineers can easily understand the operation of the complicated system and have better control on industrial automation system by applying S-method. By practicing this, highly dependent on vendor for operating the system also can be eliminated. This paper describes detailed steps of the method that converts from description of the system to a ladder logic diagram involving a series of systematic steps. A case study on pick and place section, the KUKA system which is implementing the S-method is discussed in paper.
Recent Development of the Bi-Color Injection Molding
Authors: Gao Jun , Fei Gu Ren , Zhang Ping , Huang Jun , Xu Li Li
Published: November 2012

In this paper, the application range and the characteristics of the Bi-color injection mold were introduced. The latest development and present application of the Bi-color injection mold were also presented. Then, the routine problems of Bi-color mold are analysed, and some improvement methods of Bi-color mold are discussed in the end.
Study on Tooth Profile Errors of Flexible Wheel Cold Rolling Machining
Authors: Yang Xiang Hong , Lin Shu Zhong
Published: November 2012

The harmonic gear cold rolling process is an effective method to solve mass production. However, tooth profile quality problems greatly hinder the development of the process. Based on engagement theory, the dynamic characteristics of the rolling process and flexible wheel rolling tooth profile errors caused by the changes of the number of contact points were analyzed and studied, and the process methods were put forward to eliminate or reduce tooth profile errors in this paper, which has an important significance in analysis of rolling tooth profile errors, modification shape of the rolling wheel, optimization of process parameters and improvement of gear rolling quality.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Palm Oil Precursor by Aerosol-Assisted Catalytic CVD Method
Authors: Maryam M. , Abu Bakar Suriani , Shamsudin M.S. , Rusop Mahmood Mohamad
Published: November 2012

Carbon nanotubes were produced from the aerosol-assisted catalytic CVD method using palm oil as the precursor and ferrocene as the catalyst. The CNTs were yielded at optimized temperature of 700oC and the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope showed the image of CNTs produced. Raman Spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and Thermogravimetric Analysis were then used to further study the Raman Spectra, purity and identification of samples.
Microwave – Induced Oxidation Progress for Treatment of Imidacloprid Pesticide Wastewater
Authors: Bi Xiao Yi , Yang Hai Yan , Sun Pei Shi
Published: November 2012

The microwave-induced hydrogen peroxide oxidation process was used for the treatment of synthetic imidacloprid pesticide wastewater, which the initial concentration of COD was 268mg/L. The results showed that COD removal rate could reach 50.06% with the following working conditions: imidacloprid pesticide wastewater 100mL, H2O2 concentration 26.52g/L, microwave power 119W, irradiation time 1min, pH value 6. It provides an effective technology for the removal of imidacloprid pesticide wastewater.
Density of ZnO Nanotip Array Controlled by ZnO Seed Layer
Authors: Lee Ming Kwei , Cheng Nai Roug , Fan Cho Han , Yen Chih Feng
Published: November 2012

ZnO nanotips were synthesized on a sputtered ZnO buffer layer/ITO/glass by aqueous solution deposition with precursors of zinc nitrate and ammonia. The density of ZnO nanotips can be controlled by the thickness of sputtered ZnO buffer layer. The average height of 13 μm was obtained at 70°C for 24 hr and the diameter of ZnO nanotips was ranged from 60 nm to 100 nm. By thermal annealing at 300 oC in N2, the ZnO quality can be much improved and strong Micro-PL UV emission (380 nm) and lower defect emission (520 nm) of visible region are obtained. After thermal annealing at 300 °C in O2, both emissions are much improved.
Development of Assisted Software for TOFD Testing
Authors: He Qing , Pan Ze Yue , Zhang Yu Ning
Published: November 2012

The detection of flaws is essential as the defects of pipes and containers affect the safe operation of many kinds of equipment. During the industrial production process, it is usually use the ray method to detect the flaws which has radiant effect on the testing personnel. The ultrasonic time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) is a new type acoustic detection method and it is relatively safe for users. When using the TOFD technique, the selection of the probe separation is the important parameter which related to the effect of the test and the coverage range of the probe identifies the effective range of the detection. In this paper, the probe separation distance and the probe coverage range procedures which can help the testing personnel set the parameters quickly is devised. The experimental results indicate that this algorit
Performance Analysis of Wet Compression Process under Critical Conditions of Water Injection
Authors: Kim Kyoung Hoon , Han Chul Ho
Published: November 2012

In wet compression process water is injected at an inlet of compressor and continuous cooling occurs due to evaporation of water droplets during the compression process of air, which can save the compression work and enhance the performance of gas turbine system. In this work, performance analysis of the wet compression process is carried out under the critical conditions of water injection which are defined as the maximum water injection which can be evaporated completely inside the compressor. For various ambient conditions the important variables of wet compression process such as water injection ratio, temperature-averaged polytropic coefficient, compressor outlet temperature, and compression work are estimated under the critical injection conditions. Parametric studies show that compression work decreases with ambient temperature, however, the reduction ratio of compression work relative to dry increases with ambient temperature.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Two Lichens Species: Parmotrema praesorediosum and Ramalina dumeticola
Authors: Mie Ropisah , Samsudin Mohd Wahid , Din Laily B. , Ahmad Azizan
Published: November 2012

Chemical synthetic method in synthesizing silver nanoparticle was quite expensive, toxic and flammable. In order to enhance green technology, we develop a simple biological method for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using two lichens species, Parmotrema praesorediosum and Ramalina dumeticola. Silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and TEM. Within 72 hours reaction time, absorption spectra of silver nanoparticles formed in R. dumeticola and P. praesorediosum has absorbance peak at 407 nm and 423 nm, respectively. TEM analysis showed the average size of 20 nm of silver nanoparticles obtained in R. dumeticola and the average size of 42 nm of silver nanoparticles obtained in P. praesorediosum. These two lichens species are able to synthesize silver nanoparticles through green chemistry method, which are environmental friendly and cost effective. This is for the first time that any species of lichens was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
The Effects of the Parameters on the Performance of HT-PEMFC
Authors: Zuo Jia Ji , Sun Hong , Zhao Xue Nan
Published: November 2012

The high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) is widely paid attention to due to the characteristics of simple water management, high intolerance of CO and high utilization of heat. In order to discover the effects of different operating factors on the performance of HT-PEMFC, several sets of experiments based on pyridine polymer were carried out in the testing system testing VI curves. The experimental results show that the fuel cell temperature affects enormously on the performance of the HT-PEMFC; humidification of reactant on the performance is almost negligible, which contribute to the understanding the working mechanism of HT-PEMFC.
Gold Nanoparticle Based Immunostrip Assay Method for Detection of Protein-A
Authors: Zambre Ajit , Chanda Nripen , Prayaga Sudhirdas , Almudhafar Rosana , Kannan Raghuraman , Upendran Anandhi , Afrasiabi Zahra
Published: November 2012

We have successfully developed gold nanoparticle based immunostrip assay to detect protein-A (PA). Rabbit polyclonal antibody IGg (αPA) that has affinity to PA was conjugated to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and the gold nanoconjugate (αPA-GNP) was used to detect protein-A by simple immunostrip assay method. ELISA experiments were used to confirm the retention of binding affinity of antibody towards protein-A after conjugation with gold nanoparticles.
Research on System Reliability of the Minghe Aqueduct in the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North
Authors: Ma Wen Ying , Cheng Yan Yan , Liu Peng , Gao Zi Lan
Published: November 2012

The structure system, not the single component is studied for the first time. The model of system reliability of aqueduct system that based on main failure modes and comprehensive correlation coefficient method is established, in which the system reliability of pile beam multi-lateral wall of Minghe aqueduct is analyzed. It is showed that the worst failure modes of structure system and its impact on reliability and durability of entire system can be revealed simply and accurately. It also offers a controlled basis for the optimal design and plan of operation and management. Compared with PNET, it embraces the same accuracy. The method can avoid the influence caused by PNET for subjectively determining limit correlative coefficient. It is proved to be a practicable method for analyzing structure system reliability for the complex project.
Improved Grey Correlative Method for Risk Assessment on Mine Ventilation System
Authors: Wu Li Yun , Yang Yu Zhong
Published: November 2012

The improved grey correlative model was put forward in order to improve the objectivity of grey synthetic evaluation method. Balanced degree was ascertained by entropy theory. Weighted grey correlative degree was synthesized by grey correlative coefficient and entropy weights. Balanced adjacent degree, which was derived from weighted grey correlative degree and balanced degree, was taken as the evaluation criteria in the improved model. Therefore, grey synthetic evaluation result is more reasonable. The model has been applied in the risk assessment on mine ventilation systems in the 4th, 5th and 6th mines Pingdingshan Coal Group Corporation Ltd. The order preference of ventilation systems was attained. At the same time, the problems existing in mine ventilation systems were pointed out, and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward. The evaluation results indicate that the improved method be more reasonable and objective than general grey correlative method.