bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology and Methods of Fatwa-Making in the Hanafi Madhhab
Authors: Ganiev I. A.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the methodology of fatwa- making in the Hanafi school of Fiqh. The rules of fatwa derivation, the main works of the Hanafi madhhab and special terms used by Hanafi scholars are considered. The study showed that the process of fatwa derivation is systematic and consistent, thanks to the methods developed by the Hanafi s, which allow the Mufti to navigate the vast legacy of Hanafi legal thought.
Comparativa y calibración de índices de confort para la temporada cálida en una ciudad semi-árida del noroeste de México
Authors: Urias-Barrera Hiram Eduardo
Published: January 2025

The analysis of comfort models and the effect of extreme microclimatic conditions is important to determine the relationship between health affectations in people who perform activities in open areas. This work proposes a regional psychophysiological model for individuals with intense physical activities (sports) in outdoor public spaces in extreme hot dry climate (Mexicali, Baja California), which was contrasted with the Universal Thermal Climate Index in order to calibrate it and thus establish a comparative basis to formulate hypothesis tests to evaluate its applicability. It was found that the regional model achieved 67% accuracy compared to the Universal Thermal Climate Index, which obtained 31% accuracy when not calibrated and 53% accuracy when calibrated. As a conclusion of this process, the relevance, accuracy and efficiency in the use of specific regional models over those that tend to generalize the conditions of thermal perception is highlighted.
Análisis de morfologías evolutivas con CFD: mejorar la ventilación natural en vivienda de patio central, en zonas semi cálidas de Latinoamérica
Authors: Rodríguez-de-Ita Diego , Sosa-Compeán Liliana Beatriz
Published: January 2025

This study aims to reduce energy demand in architecture through the use of passive strategies, specifically focusing on natural indoor ventilation. Computational simulations (CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics) were conducted, and parametric algorithms in Grasshopper were employed, applying a methodology based on evolutionary design. The objective is to optimize the design of single-family courtyard houses with cross-ventilation by evaluating how the morphology of these houses influences their performance in terms of natural ventilation. Through morphogenesis processes and evolutionary design, more than 200 morphological variations (samples) were generated, whose results allowed for the selection of the best-performing models. The most successful genes were combined in new generations to repeat the evaluations, ultimately achieving a housing model that optimizes ventilation up to 2.5 times more than the traditional courtyard house model.
La responsabilidad social en las universidades del Perú
Authors: Moscoso Zegarra Giomar Walter
Published: January 2025

El artículo aborda la importancia de la responsabilidad social universitaria (RSU) en las universidades del Perú, destacando cómo estas instituciones deben comprometerse con su entorno social y ambiental más allá de su función académica tradicional. La RSU se menciona como un mandato ético y eficaz, respaldado por la Ley Universitaria Nro. 30220 y la resolución viceministerial Nro. 007-2022-MINEDU, que establece lineamientos para su implementación en aspectos como la enseñanza, la investigación y la extensión universitaria.
El estudio, de naturaleza descriptiva y no experimental, busca evaluar el desarrollo teórico de la RSU a través de un análisis bibliométrico de publicaciones en la base de datos SCOPUS. Utilizando herramientas como el software VosViewer y la inteligencia artificial, se hace un mapeo de los avances en este campo en el contexto peruano y latinoamericano.
Los resultados reflejan un creciente interés en la RSU, especialmente en temas como la justicia social, la integración curricular y la transformación digital en la educación superior. Las universidades de Colombia, Chile y Perú son líderes en la producción académica sobre RSU, con la Universidad Mayor de San Marcos destacándose en el Perú.
Sin embargo, el estudio resalta desigualdades en la implementación de la RSU. Las universidades con mayores recursos y redes internacionales tienden a tener programas de mayor impacto, mientras que otras instituciones, especialmente aquellas con menor presupuesto, enfrentan limitaciones en su capacidad para desarrollar iniciativas sostenibles. También se evidencia la falta de métricas claras para medir el impacto de estas iniciativas a largo plazo, lo que limita su efectividad.
En conclusión, el artículo destaca la necesidad de fortalecer los mecanismos de evaluación de la RSU y promover una mayor igualdad en su implementación, con el fin de asegurar que las universidades peruanas puedan contribuir de manera efectiva al desarrollo social y ambiental de sus comunidades.
Revalidação de conteúdo de instrumento de tempo de tela na infância
Authors:   , Pires Beatriz de Almeida Pinella , Camargo Izabelly Cristina Silveira , Gomes Nicolly de Assis
Published: January 2025

Introdução: O uso de mídias digitais na infância tem se tornado cada vez mais comum, levantando preocupações sobre os impactos no desenvolvimento infantil, especialmente em áreas de comunicação e habilidades sociais, sendo o fonoaudiólogo um profissional essencial no acompanhamento destas demandas. Objetivo: Realizar a revalidação de conteúdo do instrumento “Tempo de Uso de Tela na Infância” (TUT). Métodos: Foi realizado um processo de revalidação de conteúdo do instrumento TUT que continha 24 questões (nove na primeira parte e 15 na segunda parte), a partir da avaliação de cinco juízes com experiência em desenvolvimento infantil e elaboração de instrumentos estruturados. A partir de um roteiro de avaliação, diferentes quesitos relacionados a clareza, coesão, itens de preenchimento, formas de resposta, adequação ao público-alvo e aspecto estético foram analisados. O cálculo do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) foi utilizado para avaliar a concordância entre os juízes. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente (frequência absoluta e porcentagem simples) e qualitativamente (análise de conteúdo). A partir da concordância encontrada entre os juízes para cada uma das questões do roteiro de avaliação, foram realizadas adequações no formato e na forma do instrumento. Resultados: Dentre as juízas, a maioria eram fonoaudiólogas (80%), graduadas entre 2003 e 2020, com titulação de mestre (60%) e doutora (40%), sendo que todas (100%) tinham experiência em atendimento clínico infantil. Os resultados indicaram valores de IVC de 1.0 (100%) em todos os quesitos avaliados. Foram propostas inclusões de novas questões (seis ao total) e nas formas de resposta (inclusão da opção “às vezes”), acatadas pelos pesquisadores. Após a validação, o instrumento conta com 30 questões (09 na primeira parte e 21 na segunda parte). Conclusão: O TUT apresentou resultados positivos em sua revalidação de conteúdo, indicando ser um instrumento válido para a verificação do tempo de uso de tela na infância, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais que atuam na área do desenvolvimento infantil.
Tirzepatide Associated with Reduced Albuminuria in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Post Hoc Analysis From the Randomized Active- and Placebo-Controlled SURPASS-1–5 Clinical Trials
Authors: M. Apperloo Ellen , R. Tuttle Katherine , Pavo Imre , Haupt Axel , Taylor Rebecca , J Wiese Russell , Hemmingway Andrea , Z.I. Cherney David , Sattar Naveed , J. L. Heerspink Hiddo
Published: January 2025

Objective: Tirzepatide, a long-acting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, reduced urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline in people with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk in the SURPASS-4 trial. To examine the generalizability of these findings, we assessed change from baseline in UACR for tirzepatide (5, 10, and 15 mg) compared with active and placebo treatment in a broad population from the SURPASS-1-5 trials.

Research Design and Methods: This post hoc analysis examined data from the overall pooled SURPASS-1-5 population and subgroups defined by baseline UACR ≥30 mg/g. A mixed model for repeated measures was used to analyze on-treatment data from baseline to the end-of-treatment visit; study identifier was included in the model as a covariate.

Results: The adjusted (95% CI) mean percent change from baseline in UACR for tirzepatide 5, 10, or 15 mg compared with all pooled comparators was -19.3% (-25.5, -12.5), -22.0% (-28.1, -15.3) and -26.3 (-32.0, -20.0), respectively, at Week 40/42. Results were similar across pooled placebo, active, and insulin comparator studies. UACR lowering appeared more pronounced in subgroups with UACR ≥30 mg/g; mediation analysis suggested that approximately half of the reduction in albuminuria associated with tirzepatide may be weight-loss related. There was no difference in eGFR between tirzepatide and pooled comparators at Week 40/42.

Conclusions: In this post hoc analysis in people with type 2 diabetes, including those with chronic kidney disease, tirzepatide was associated with clinically relevant decreased UACR versus comparators, suggesting a potential kidney-protective effect.
Online in situ detection of atmospheric microplastics based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Yu , Gao Wenhan , Han Boyuan , Wu Tianzhuang , Yan Yihui , Chen Ganfei , Liu Yuzhu
Published: January 2025

The health and environmental risks posed by microplastics in the atmosphere cannot be underestimated. These particles contaminate water sources, soil, and air, leading to their ingestion by wildlife and humans. This can cause physical harm to organisms and introduce toxic chemicals into the food chain. Furthermore, microplastics disrupt ecosystems, affect biodiversity, and contribute to the decline of marine and terrestrial species, posing serious long-term risks to both environmental and human health. To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of detecting atmospheric pollutants, this study introduces the combination of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology and machine learning for the classification of microplastics in the atmosphere. Principal component analysis is employed to reduce the dimensionality of the data. Subsequently, a supervised machine learning algorithm based on backpropagation artificial neural networks (BP-ANNs) is applied to identify microplastics in the atmosphere. The high accuracy of BP-ANN demonstrates the feasibility of classifying atmospheric microplastics using LIBS technology. The study explores the impact of atmospheric humidity on microplastic content, contributing significantly to atmospheric environmental protection and biological health. Finally, data fusion is employed to further enhance the classification accuracy of microplastics in the atmosphere.
Common Neoplasms of DICER1 Syndrome in Pediatric Pathology
Authors: Ma Yamin
Published: January 2025

DICER1 syndrome is an autosomal dominant tumor predisposition disorder with a DICER1 germline mutation, and it
frequently appears in the practice of pediatric pathology. Here the common diseases of DICER1 syndrome have been reviewed
with epidemiologic and histopathologic features, such as pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), cystic nephroma, embryonal
rhabdomyosarcoma, and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor. During routine practice, these histopathologic findings should be paid
attention for the possible DICER1-related neoplasm and potential detection of DICER1 mutation clinically
Pengembangan Media Pubadjo untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa SD Kelas IV
Authors: Else Qonaah Sonida  , Himmatul Ulya  , Ika Oktavianti
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membahas tentang permasalahan pembelajaran matematika, adapun permasalahan yang ada di SD tersebut antara lain ditemukan sekolah tidak menyediakan media pembelajaran matematika, guru belum pernah membuat media pembelajaran yang menjelaskan tentang materi pembelajaran matematika terkait materi bangun datar, kesulitan siswa dalam memahami rumus serta mengerjakan soal materi luas dan keliling bangun datar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah pengembangan media, mengetahui kelayakan media dan mengetahui kepraktisan media media Pubadjo untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas IV. Konsep pengembangan model mengacu pada model penelitian dan pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Borg and Gall yaitu model pengembangan Research and Development (R&D). Penelitian pengembangan ini akan dilaksanakan di SDN 3 Wates Undaan dengan sampel 6 siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan sampai dengan tahap ke 6 langkah, yaitu: 1) penelitian dan pengumpulan informasi 2) perencanaan 3) pengembangan produk awal 4) uji lapangan awal 5) revisi utama 6) uji lapangan utama. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan angket. Analisis data yang digunakan meliputi analisis validasi kelayakan media dan kepraktisan media pubadjo. Hasil penelitin menunjukan pengembangan media terbuat dari kayu triplek yang dipotong dengan bingkai yang berbentuk persegi panjang, yang didalam nya terdapat potongn-totongan triplek yang dibentuk seperti bangun datar. Kepingan-kepingan puzzle tersebut memiliki gambar dan warta pada masing-masing bagian yang dimana gambar tersebut terbuat dari bahan stiker. Media pubadjo memiliki kriteria kelayakan oleh alhi materi sebesar 89% dan ahli media sebesar 80%.  Bardasarkan hasil perhitungan media pubadjo dikatakan praktis dengan hasil penilaian guru sebesar 75% dan siswa sebesar 83%.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Video Pembelajaran terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif dan Bahasa Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Agus Saputra  , Sri Yunimar Ningsih  , Dasniati Z.
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan bahasa anak usia 5-6 Tahun di TK IT Al-Irsyad Koto Baru Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Faktor penyebab rendahnya aspek perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan bahasa anak adalah masih terbatas dan kurang bervariasinya dalam penggunaan media pembelajaran. upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan adanya penggunaan media video pembelajaran terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan bahasa anak usia 5-6 Tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media video pembelajaran terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan bahasa anak usia 5-6 Tahun di TK IT Al-Irsyad Koto Baru Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Metode yang dilakukan adalah eksperiemen deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian True Experimental Design jenis Post-test-only Control Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah anak kelas ibnu rusyd dan kelas ibnu khaldun dengan jumlah 40 orang anak. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan sampel jenuh. Teknik pengambilan data dengan lembar pengamatan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Independent Sample t-test SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh uang signifikan penggunaan media video pembelajaran terhadap perkembangan kognitif dan perkembangan bahasa anak usia 5-6 Tahun di TK IT Al- Irsyad Koto Baru Kabupaten Darmasraya dengan taraf signifikan 0,000<00,5 artinya HO ditolak Ha diterima.
Proses Internalisasi Nilai Feminis Sosialis Kader Sarinah
Authors: Rodliyah Firda , Isnaini Subi Nur
Published: January 2025

Isu kesetaraan gender dan feminisme semakin mendapat perhatian global, masih terdapat kesenjangan signifikan dalam pemahaman dan penerapan nilai-nilai ini di kalangan mahasiswa Indonesia. Banyak mahasiswa yang belum sepenuhnya memahami atau menginternalisasi prinsip-prinsip feminis sosialis, yang meliputi kesetaraan gender, keadilan sosial, dan pemberdayaan perempuan. Pendekatannya melalui kualitatif dengan metode interview research feminist, observasi, dan studi literatur. Buku Sarinah mengandung nilai feminisme sosialis seperti memperjuangkan hak perempuan dalam lingkup keluarga, upah kerja, maupun kesejahteraan sosial. Internalisasi nilai feminis sosialis pada sarinah dilakukan kepada tiga orang dari dua DPK. Melalui wawancara dan observasi, diketahui pada proses transformasi nilai, transaksi nilai, serta trans-internalisasi, tiap individu memiliki faktor dan latar belakang yang beda dalam menginternalisasikan nilai feminisme. Pada konsep perjuangan, mahasiswa GmnI masih terpaku dengan pemikiran Soekarno dan mengenyampingkan fakta bahwa perjuangan Soekarno terhadap hak perempuan sebatas gerakan politisasi, dukungan terhadap gerakan patriarki, memposisikan laki-laki sebagai kepala rumah tangga utama, berpoligami, serta menolak konsep feminisme. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu memberikan rekomendasi bagi universitas dan lembaga pendidikan untuk mendukung program-program yang mempromosikan kesetaraan gender dan pemberdayaan perempuan, seperti pelatihan kepemimpinan berbasis gender dan penyediaan platform untuk dialog dan advokasi isu-isu feminis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses internalisasi tersebut, termasuk dinamika internal organisasi, strategi pendidikan dan pelatihan yang digunakan, serta tantangan dan hambatan yang dihadapi oleh kader dalam mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai feminis sosialis.
Kesulitan Membaca pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ulfi Ulfiatul Inka Aprilia , Rizky Esti Utami  , Fine Reffiane  , Ganis Suprihatini
Published: January 2025

Kesulitan membaca merupakan suatu sindrom kesulitan dalam mempelajari komponen-komponen kata dan kalimat, mengintegrasikan komponen kata-kata dan kalimat, dalam belajar segala sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan waktu, arah, dan masa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesulitan membaca yang dialami oleh siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar dan upaya dalam menangani kesulitan membaca yang dilakukan oleh guru kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu dua siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa beberapa faktor seperti kurangnya pengalaman membaca, kurangnya dukungan dari lingkungan, dan faktor-faktor psikologis dapat menjadi penyebab utama kesulitan membaca pada siswa kelas IV SD. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian merekomendasikan beberapa strategi intervensi yang meliputi pendekatan pembelajaran yang berbasis pada kebutuhan individual, peningkatan dukungan dari guru dan orang tua, serta penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang beragam dan menyenangkan untuk meningkatkan minat dan kemampuan membaca siswa kelas IV SD. Simpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah satu siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam mengeja dua huruf dan kesulitan membedakan huruf yang bentuknya sama. Sedangkan satu siswa yang lain sudah bisa membaca dengan lancar akan tetapi kesulitan membedakan huruf yang bentuknya sama.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Terintegrasi di Sekolah Dasar Karakter
Authors: Widy Rossani Rahayu  , Arum Fatayan  , Yessy Yanita Sari
Published: January 2025

Rendahnya karakter siswa berdampak pada output siswa sekolah dasar yang tidak baik. Implementasi pendidikan karakter dilakukan secara terpadu dalam setiap kegiatan harian di sekolah akan membentuk karakter pada siswa. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis implementasi pendidikan karakter terintegrasi di sekolah dasar karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk memahami fokus penelitian secara menyeluruh. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian penelitian ini yakni dokumentasi dan observasi langsung. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu Pendidikan karakter yang dilaksanakan di sekolah dasar telah dilaksanakan sejak berdirinya sekolah. Visi dan misi sekolah menegaskan pentingnya pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran. Strategi yang digunakan untuk pendidikan karakter melibatkan seluruh elemen baik internal maupun eksternal sekolah. Hal ini termasuk pimpinan sekolah, guru, petugas keamanan, staf yayasan, dan orang tua siswa. Keterlibatan seluruh elemen ini penting untuk menciptakan iklim sekolah yang kondusif. Unsur internal dan eksternal sekolah memiliki pemahaman yang sama akan pentingnya pendidikan karakter. Guru juga turut mengingatkan siswa untuk menerapkan Pilar Karakter dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Peran orang tua juga dirancang sedemikian rupa agar dapat mendukung pendidikan karakter secara maksimal.
Learning Pancasila Through Garuda AR Media
Authors: Candra Cuga  , Ni Nyoman Nofi Dwi Astuti  , Yuli Adhani
Published: January 2025

The lack of digital media has an impact on low student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop augmented reality-based civics learning media on the Garuda Pancasila material for grade IV in elementary schools. This study uses a mixed method, namely a quantitative and qualitative approach with quasi-experimental and descriptive techniques. The study subjects were media experts, material experts, and user experts. The subjects of the trial were grade IV elementary school students. The data collection techniques used in this study were observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire sheet. The data analysis technique used qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The study results, namely the validation results obtained from material, media, and user experts (users) with consecutive percentages included in the very feasible category. The trial results were limited to students, and a questionnaire was provided that obtained a percentage of the very good category. Thus, it can be concluded that the developed learning media is feasible for elementary school civics learning. The developed learning media can stimulate students' mindsets in thinking critically and independently and increase students' motivation and interest in learning. This research implies that its results can significantly contribute to developing technology-based interactive learning methods, significantly augmented reality (AR), which can enrich the Pancasila teaching process in schools.
Implementation of National Assessment
Authors: Desi Rahmawati  , Supadi  , Rugaiyah  , Muhammad Fadholi
Published: January 2025

The quality of education, based on the results of the PISA study, shows a lag compared to other countries. Efforts to improve this quality through the National Assessment (AN) program still need to overcome various obstacles, especially in implementation and follow-up. This study aims to evaluate strategies to optimize AN implementation, identify solutions to the challenges faced, explore school programs that support students facing AN, and analyze school follow-up on AN results. This study used a qualitative approach with an evaluative descriptive design. The research subjects comprised teachers, principals, and vice principals, as well as 15 students from various levels taken as samples to represent the school population. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation using instruments like interview guidelines and observation sheets. Data analysis was conducted using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion-drawing techniques, with triangulation of methods and sources as data validation. The results showed that AN optimization strategies include strategic planning, improving teacher competence, and utilizing digital technology. Solutions for implementation constraints include improving infrastructure and intensive training for teachers. School programs that support students include intensive guidance and assessment simulations. In conclusion, AN can be optimized by strengthening planning, training, and technical support. The implication of this research is the need for sustainable policies to improve the readiness of schools and teachers to face AN.
Gardening Learning Methods Increase Responsibility in Early Childhood
Authors: Jayadiningrat Made Gautama , Dapet Ni Wayan , Suyanta I Wayan
Published: January 2025

Children's lack of responsibility can be seen in small things. Therefore, it is essential to stimulate the character of responsibility in early childhood as early as possible so that children have a good attitude of responsibility. This study aims to analyze the method of learning gardening and the attitude of responsibility of children in kindergarten. This study uses a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was 43 early childhood children. The technique used in collecting samples was purposive sampling, so the sample of this study was 43 early childhood children. The data collection method used observation and documentation. The data collection instrument in this study used observation guidelines. The data analysis technique used inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS 25 program. The results of this study showed a significant difference between the control class and the experimental class. The results of the data analysis showed that there was an influence between the method of learning gardening and the attitude of responsibility of children. It was concluded that the method of learning gardening can improve the attitude of responsibility in students. This study implies that teachers can foster children's attitude of responsibility through the application of the method of learning gardening.
The Need for the Development of PjBL-Based Social Studies E-LKPD for Elementary School Students
Authors: Usman Herlina , Suntari Yustia , Wulandari Yosi
Published: January 2025

The critical thinking skills of elementary school students still need to be re-considered, especially in learning Social Sciences (IPS). One way to improve critical thinking skills is by using teaching materials in the form of Electronic Student Worksheets (E-LKPD) for Social Studies. This study aims to analyze the needs in developing project-based (PjBL) IPS E-LKPD, the products developed are expected to be able to improve the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. The study was conducted in an elementary school in East Jakarta with 34 students as research subjects. This study uses the ADDIE model development research type. However, in this study the researcher only conducted the analysis stage to determine the analysis of student and teacher needs so that the development of the IPS E-LKPD product is in accordance with field needs. The data collection techniques used were interviews and filling out questionnaires with descriptive analysis techniques. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques to analyze the social learning process and analyze student characteristics. The results of the analysis showed that the teaching materials in the form of LKPD developed by teachers still had several shortcomings. Therefore, schools really need the right E-LKPD for learning, especially PjBL-based IPS E-LKPD in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum. The latest information in this study has implications as reference material or analysis information for further research in developing PjBL-based IPS E-LKPD products. Thus, the products developed are in accordance with field needs and can be an alternative solution to existing problems.
Flipped Classroom Learning Management Model Used by the Plickers Application
Authors: Utaminingsih Sri , Hardika Fiki Fandi , Fajrie Nur , Bintoro Henry Suryo , Aliriad Hilmy
Published: January 2025

Currently, many students are less interested in learning, therefore a more interactive approach method is needed. The purpose of this study is to develop Flipped Classroom learning management assisted by Plickers to improve elementary school students' mathematics learning outcomes. The approach used in the development research is the Bord and Gall design. The study was conducted on elementary school students in grade VI of elementary school. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and tests. The results of the study indicate that the learning management design in Flipped Classroom helps Plickers implement management functions, namely planning curriculum analysis, learning objectives and assessments, developing learning steps, and preparing teaching tools. The learning process is carried out outside and inside the classroom. Evaluation is carried out with Plickers. The results of expert validation obtained an average score of 4.5 with the appropriate category. The results of the effectiveness test showed that the calculated F was 95.366 and the calculated sig was 0.000, so 0.000 <0.05, and the magnitude of the influence of the flipped classroom learning model on learning outcomes was 0.618 or 61.8%. Thus, Flipped Classroom learning management with the help of Plickers assessment is used effectively to improve student learning outcomes.
E-module of Pancasila Education Subject Based on Pancasila Student Profile for Students in Second Grade of Elementary School
Authors: Rianti Ni Luh , Wulandari I Gusti Agung Ayu , Wiyasa I Komang Ngurah
Published: January 2025

Lack of resources such as adequate textbooks, is a challenge for teachers in implementing innovative learning methods. This study aims to analyze the feasibility and determine the effectiveness of the Pancasila Education E-module based on the Pancasila Student Profile. This study is a development research with the Dick and Carey development model. This study involved 1 subject expert, 1 instructional design expert, 1 learning media expert, 3 students for individual trials, and 9 students for small group trials. Data collection methods used include multiple-choice objective tests and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques applied are quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of the study showed (1) the feasibility of the E-module media showed the results of the subject matter expert test of 98.33%, the language expert test of 96.66%, the learning media expert test of 96.66%, the instructional design expert test of 97.22%, the individual trial of 98.33%, and the small group trial of 98.61%. (2) The effectiveness of the Pancasila Education E-module media based on the t-test results obtained a significant value of 0.000 with a decision of ≤ 0.05, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, the results of this study indicate that the Pancasila Education E-module media is effective for use on grade II elementary school students.
Cultivation of Social Attitudes in Social Studies Subjects for Sixth Grade of Elementary School
Authors: Wangi Hayu Eka , Supriyanto Teguh , Trimurtini
Published: January 2025

There are still some students who have low social attitudes. This shows that students are still less sensitive to friends, do not care about their surroundings, do not trust classmates, have difficulty adjusting to new relationships, want to win alone when playing, and often fight when playing. This study aims to evaluate the instillation of social attitudes in students who take social studies lessons. Supporting informants for this study were teachers and grade VI students. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Analysis of research data begins with data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The validity of the data is checked using technical triangulation and source triangulation. Indicators to be studied in students' social attitudes include honesty, discipline, helping each other, tolerance and politeness. The results of the study show that students' social attitudes, especially those related to tolerance and helping each other have been well ingrained since observation and interviews. directions, reprimands, sanctions, and providing good examples to their students. This study has implications for the process of implementing the instillation of social attitudes in grade VI students, in the world of education students are not only given knowledge and science to become intelligent people, but students are also given provisions to have skills and be able to shape student behavior in accordance with applicable norms and values. The development of these social attitudes can be a provision for students in facing the challenges and social conditions that they will face later.
CONSTITUIÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE MATEMÁTICA POR MEIO DA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: UMA ANÁLISE DAS RESOLUÇÕES CNE/CP
Authors: Alves Tatiane da Silva , Miola Adriana Fátima de Souza
Published: January 2025

O estudo da formação de professores de matemática é essencial para uma educação de qualidade. As resoluções do Conselho Nacional de Educação e da Câmara de Educação Superior são cruciais para definir as diretrizes para essa formação. Analisando as resoluções CNE/CP de 2002, 2015 e 2019, buscamos compreender quais são os conhecimentos docentes que esses documentos normativos priorizaram e/ou priorizam para a formação inicial de professores de matemática. Utilizamos os Domínios do Conhecimento para o Ensino de Débora Ball, Thames e Phelps (2008) como referencial teórico e a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011) como método de pesquisa. Ao todo, foram destacadas 14 (catorze) Unidades de Análise (UA) na Resolução CNE/CP nº 01/2002, 8 (oito) UA na de nº 02/2015 e 18 (dezoito) UA na de nº 2/2019, pois tinham em seus textos importantes orientações/modificações sobre conhecimentos a serem mobilizados na formação inicial de professores. Os resultados indicam uma ênfase na necessidade de uma formação inicial abrangente, contemplando os domínios de conteúdo, pedagogia e prática profissional, bem como a importância da formação docente que leve em conta a complexidade e diversidade da profissão docente, a articulação entre teoria e prática e a necessidade de uma formação que possibilite o desenvolvimento de uma consciência socioambiental e de uma postura crítica e reflexiva sobre a prática docente. A análise das resoluções contribui para a elaboração de estratégias mais eficazes na formação de professores de matemática, contribuindo para a discussão em busca de um ensino pautado em uma educação mais crítica e reflexiva.
Da Etnomatemática à Etnomodelagem: caminhos entre êmico e o ético em um diálogo baseado na alteridade a partir da cultura Umbundu/Bié-Angola
Authors: Cassela Ezequias , Manrique Ana Lúcia
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar uma atividade conducente à promoção de um diálogo entre os saberes da cultura do povo étnico-linguístico Umbundu, que se encontra localizado no centro de Angola, na província do Bié, e os saberes acadêmicos. Busca-se promover tal diálogo por meio da Etnomodelagem, a qual se baseia na alteridade, respeito pelas diferenças e valorizações mútuas. A referida atividade consistiu-se mediante a interpretação de uma matemática tácita, atrelada à prática cultural, a qual foi alvo de uma releitura com base na Matemática acadêmica.  Os resultados revelam o potencial de processo de ensino e aprendizagem que dialoga com as diferentes culturas, opondo-se à perspectiva epistemológica eurocêntrica baseada em uma racionalidade única e totalitária. Por fim, registra-se que investir no desenvolvimento de atividades dessa natureza contribuem para a interlocução entre o saber escolar e o saber cultural.
O conhecimento especializado do professor de matemática (MTSK) na formação continuada: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: SANTOS PAULA EUGENIA , Oliveira Luciano Denardin de
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho consiste em uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) de dissertações e teses brasileiras que abordam o conhecimento especializado do professor de matemática (MTSK). O objetivo do trabalho é compreender de que modo o MTSK, como conhecimento específico, é mobilizado nas pesquisas brasileiras voltadas para formações continuadas de professores de matemática da Educação Básica. Para tanto, realizou-se a RSL, na concepção de Pickering e Byrne (2014), como método de pesquisa, em três bases de dados de pesquisas acadêmicas, a saber: Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD); e Google Acadêmico. Após as buscas, foram selecionadas oito produções das quais três são dissertações e cinco são teses. A análise dos resultados indicou que cinco das oito produções focam em conhecimentos vinculados ao domínio do Conhecimento Matemático (MK) visto que tratam principalmente da mobilização do conhecimento associado ao conhecimento do conteúdo matemático em si, suas relações e acerca das práticas em matemática. Além disso, mais da metade das pesquisas abordam a formação continuada voltada para conhecimentos especializados de professores que ensinam matemática no Ensino Fundamental. Por fim, a crença do professor de matemática evidenciou-se como fundamental na constituição e construção dos conhecimentos docentes, sendo apontada por seis das oito produções inventariadas.
Movimentos investigativos a partir de diferentes aulas sobre introdução à função
Authors: Julio Rejane Siqueira , Santiago Maria Flávia Maciel , Lago Jaqueline Jacira do , Cândido Matheus Rodrigo Aprigio , Pereira Nicoli Prosperi , Teixeira Abner Saimont , Monteiro Michelle Aparecida Corrêa , Alves Daniela Marques
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo são descritas cinco regências elaboradas por cinco residentes, no âmbito do subprojeto Matemática do Programa Residência Pedagógica de uma Universidade Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais, no formato colaborativo, para abordar a introdução do conceito de função, sob a orientação das professoras orientadora e preceptora e da pesquisadora do mestrado em Educação da mesma instituição. O objetivo deste artigo, além de descrever tais regências, é analisá-las, nos colocando na posição de professores pesquisadores de nossas ações, destacando a apropriação da teorização sobre cenários para investigação de Ole Skovsmose. Para tanto, as teorizações deste autor, principalmente sobre cenários para investigação e diálogo, e a noção de produção de significado constituíram um referencial teórico para análise, que também foram discutidas com os residentes nas reuniões semanais da equipe para elaboração de suas regências. Tais reuniões fazem parte das atividades desenvolvidas pela equipe do subprojeto Matemática e constituem-se como um importante espaço de compartilhamento de vivências. Como principal resultado, destacamos que as diferentes aulas possibilitam diferentes modos de produzir significados a partir de vivências dos alunos com conteúdos escolares ou vivências fora da escola e produções de significados da equipe sobre a criação de cenários para investigação em sala de aula e leitura dos alunos. A maior dificuldade apontada pelos residentes foi em estabelecer e manter o diálogo e não fornecer respostas das atividades quando foram indagados. Acreditamos que tenhamos criado momentos investigativos porque em alguns momentos havia a criação de cenários para investigação e em outros dificuldades para mantê-lo. A regência sobre introdução a função foi fundamental para as demais regências que aconteceram depois, pois essa experiência foi determinante para a proposição e tentativa de criar novos cenários para investigação, considerando as particularidades de cada turma, e fez com que os residentes ficassem mais atentos ao modo de atuar em sala de aula.
Vanillin from food flavoring products as a cheaper alternative hydrophilic agent for modifying PVDF membranes in the treatment of organic compounds in water
Authors: Nurbayani Nurbayani , Ambarita Aulia , Mulyati Sri
Published: January 2025

Membrane fouling is an unavoidable challenge in ultrafiltration, resulting in reduced flux and increased operating costs. Surface modification of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes can improve hydrophilicity and extend membrane lifetime. This study investigates vanillin from food flavoring product (VFFP) as a hydrophilic additive for PVDF membranes to enhance antifouling properties. The immersion precipitation phase inversion method was used to prepare membranes with 0-3% (w/w) vanillin. The results of FTIR analysis of VFFP show similarity in absorption peaks with commercial vanillin. The addition of 3% w/w VFFP to PVDF membrane can improve the hydrophilicity by reducing the contact angle from 86° to 76.26°. Membrane performance showed good results with modified membranes having higher water fluxes than unmodified membranes. In addition, higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) values indicated better antifouling properties.The addition of vanillin significantly improved the performance of PVDF membranes, confirming its use as a hydrophilic additive.
Kinetic Model of Chemical Organic Matter Removal in Facultative Pond Set A in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Bojongsoang, West Java
Authors: Novia Fanny , Herliana Erika , Saepurohman Jeni
Published: January 2025

Kinetic models are widely used to predict the performance of biological treatment systems. The facultative ponds are applied as a biological treatment for domestic wastewater in the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located in Bojongsoang, Bandung Regency, West Java. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of several kinetic models for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal process that occurs in facultative ponds in WWTP Bojongsoang. The best kinetic model will provide a more accurate predictions of COD effluent concentrations in facultative ponds. Data series of COD influent and effluent concentration were collected from field data of water quality monitoring monthly from years 2019 to 2022. The kinetic models used in this study were the first-order kinetic model combined plug flow pattern, the first-order kinetic model with continuous stirred tanked reactor flow pattern, the plug flow k-C* model, and the Stover-Kincannon model. Model accuracy was evaluated using statistical methods by calculating the mean average percentage error (MAPE) to compare model data with measured observation data. The COD effluent prediction showed that the Plug Flow k-C* model had the smallest  MAPE for both facultative ponds, namely 28.3% for facultative pond 1A and 30.2% for facultative pond 2A. Kinetic rate values for both facultative ponds using plug flow k-C* model respectively, 0.1818 m/day for F1A and 0.1750 m/day for F2A.
Koherenssin tunne koetun terveydentilan ennustajana
Authors: Suominen Sakari , Helenius Hans , Blomberg Helena
Published: January 2025

Vahvan koherenssin tunteen on havaittu olevan yhteydessä koettuun hyvään terveyteen. Tässä artikellissa selvitetään missä määrin koherenssin tunteen voimakkuus ennusti koetun terveydentilan tasoa neljän vuoden seurannassa. Tutkimusaineisto muodostui laajasta maamme työikäistä väestöä vuonna 1989 edustaneesta väestöotoksesta. Tutkittavilta kerättiin otoksen muodostamisvuonna ja neljä vuotta myöhemmin lähes identtisin kyselylomakkein tietoja useilta elämän alueilta, mm. koherenssin tunteesta ja koetusta terveydestä. Yhteensä 2 291 henkilä osallistui seurantakyselyyn. Tulosten mukaan kuuluminen heikoimman koherenssin tunteen kolmannekseen oli vahvimpaan kolmannekseen verrattuna sekä naisten että miesten keskuudessa voimakkaammin yhteydessä koettuun huonoon terveydentilaan neljän vuoden kuluttua, kun lähtötilanteen terveydentila, ikä ja ammattikoulutus huomioitiin. Koherenssin tunteen tasoa voidaan pitää muita terveyteen sidoksissa olevia muuttujia, kuten koulutusta, täydentävänä tietona. Heikko koherenssin tunne saattaa varsin aikaisessa vaiheessa tunnistaa yksilöitä, jotka voisivat hyötyä terveyskasvatusinterventiosta.
Näkövammaisten nuorten sosiaaliset verkostot ja sosiaalinen tuki
Authors: Huurre Taina , Komulainen Erkki , Aro Hillevi
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata näkövammaisten nuorten sosiaalisia suhteita sosiaalisten verkostojen ja sosiaalisen tuen avulla ja tutkia, eroavatko näkövammaiset nuoret ikätovereistaan sosiaalisissa suhteissaan. Tutkimuksen kohderyhmänä oli 54 peruskoulun yläasteella integroituneena opiskelevaa näkövammaista nuorta. Vertailuryhmä koostui nuorten luokkatovereista (N=410). Tutkimuksen tiedot kerättiin kyselylomakkeella. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittivat, että näkövammaisten ja vertailuryhmän sosiaalisten verkostojen koko ja koostumus olivat pääpiirteissään samankaltaisia. Vanhemmat (erityisesti äiti) ja ystävät olivat nuorille keskeisiä tuen antajia. Verrokkiryhmän nuorte, erityisesti tytöt, ilmoittivat ystävät tuen lähteeksi näkövammaisia nuoria useammin. Näkövammaan liittyvissä asioissa tärkeimmät tuen lähteet olivat vanhemmat ja viranomaiset, ystäviltä saatiin tukea vain vähän. Osa näkövammaisista koki saavansa liikaa sosiaalista tukea, monet halusivat kuitenkin saada lisää tukea.
Alkoholisairaudet LEL-työkyvyttömyyseläkkeiden syinä 1970-luvulla
Authors: Hänninen Kari , Kivekäs Jukka , Riihimäki Hilkka , Lehtinen Martti
Published: January 2025

Alkoholismin ja alkoholipsykoosin esiintyvyyttä LEL-työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen perusteena tutkittiin eläketilastorekisterin avulla vuosien 1967-1981 parittomilta vuosilta.
Alkoholieläkkeiden osuus kaikista työkyvyttömyyseläkkeistä kasvoi nopeasti 1960- ja 1970-lukujen vaihteessa ja hidastui 1970-luvun kuluessa. Vuonna 1981 alkoholieläkkeiden osuus oli 6,0 % miesten ja 1,0 % naisten työkyvyttömyyseläkkeistä. Riski jäädä alkoholisairauden vuoksi eläkkeelle on pysynyt samana koko 1970-luvun, vaikka riski muuten on selvästi pienentynyt.
Alkoholieläkehakemusten hylkäämisosuus on jatkuvasti ollut LEL Eläkelaitoksen kaikkien työkyvyttömyyseläkehakemusten hylkäämisosuutta korkeampi. 1970-luvun alussa alkoholieläkkeistä suurin osa (58 % vuonna 1973) kuului ikäryhmään 25-44-vuotiaat, ja 1970-luvun lopussa ikäryhmään 45-54-vuotiaat (52 % vuonna 1981).
Alkoholieläkkeiden ikävakioitu kuolemanvaara ammattiryhmässä toimimattomiin verrattuna oli 2,6-kertainen ja kaikkiin LEL-työkyvyttömyyseläkeläisiin verrattuna 1,8-kertainen.
Tupakan hintapolitiikan tulkinnasta
Authors: Valtonen Hannu
Published: January 2025

Tavaran hinnan ja kulutuksen suhdetta ei tule tulkita vain määräsuhteena. Tavaran hinta vaikuttaa sekä tavaran käyttöarvoon että tavaran markkinoilla tapahtuvien vaihtojen määrään.
Käyttöarvoon hinta voi vaikuttaa siten, että se yhdistyy muihin tavaran symbolisia käyttöarvoja määrittäviin tekijöihin. Hinnan vaikutus markkinoilla tapahtuvien käyttöarvojen määrään ei ole vain puhtaasti taloudellinen.
Esimerkiksi tupakan hinnankorotusten vaikutus perustuu osittain siihen, että hinnankorotukset tulkitaan tupakoinnin moraalisena kontrollina.
Metsureiden tärinäsairauden muuttuminen 1970-luvulla
Authors: Vaaranen Vesa , Vasama Marja , Korhonen Olli
Published: January 2025

Moottorisahan käytön aloittaminen 1950-luvulla aiheutti tarinasairauden yleistymisen Suomessa. Tarinasairaus on lieventynyt 1970-luvulla. Olemme verranneet ilmoitettujen tarinasairaustapausten määrää ja lääketieteellistä haitta-astetta metsureiden seurantatutkimuksessa kerättyihin tuloksiin. Vakuutuslaitosten haitta-asteiden tason muutos noudattaa varsin tarkkaan seurantatutkimuksessa havaittuja tuloksia. Ammattitautirekisterin tiedoissa on puutteita, jotka vaikeuttavat tuloksellisen takautuvan tutkimuksen toteuttamista, joten niitä onkin pidettävä eräänä herätteinä tutkimusideoille.
Terveyden sosiologian tutkimuskohteet
Authors: Riska Elianne
Published: January 2025

irjoituksessa pohditaan erityisesti ulkomailla havaittavaa tendenssiä lääketieteellisen sosiologian painopisteiden siirtymistä terveyden sosiologian (sociology of health) suuntaan. Terveyden sosiologian tutkimuskenttä jakautuu terveydenhuoltojärjestelmän tutkimukseen ja yksilön terveydentilaan vaikuttavien ympäristotekijöiden tutkimukseen. Terveydenhoitoa tarkastelleet tutkimukset ovat yleensä tähän asti rajoittuneet viralliseen terveydenhoitoon ja julkisen sektorin palveluihin. Terveydenhoidon työnjakoa julkisen ja yksityisen toiminnan välillä ei ole paljon tutkittu. Yksilön terveydentilaan vaikuttavia ympäristotekijöitä on yleensä etsitty joko hänen yksityiselämästään tai työympäristöstään. Kuitenkin näiden kahden ympäristön vuorovaikutus ja niiden väliin tulevat tekijät, kuten esimerkiksi sosiaalinen tuki, on sivuutettu suomalaisissa tutkimuksissa.