bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Historical Journey of Sericulture: Insights into Sustainability from Past to Present
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, Islam Tasdeeq Ul
Published: November 2024

This study looks at the role of sericulture resources, in increasing the GDP of silk-dominant regions. It examines sericulture sustainability, growth, and silk crafts utilizing Scopus and Web of Science databases. The study underlines the significance of sericulture's contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals for inclusive regional growth. For thousands of years, sericulture, or the ancient practice of producing silk, has played an important part in civilizations' socioeconomic and cultural development. This study examines the historical history of sericulture, beginning in China and spreading throughout Asia and Europe, focusing on the cultural exchanges and inventions that affected its expansion. Through an assessment of ancient techniques, the study reveals the inherent sustainability qualities of early sericulture, such as low environmental impact and dependence on natural resources like mulberry trees and silkworms.
القرآن والصحة النفسية: رؤى في الشفاء الروحي وبناء المرونة النفسيه
Authors: محمد عبد المجيد ساني
Published: November 2024

أصبحت الصحة النفسية قضية رئيسية في المجتمع الحديث، حيث يواجه عدد متزايد من الأشخاص التوتر والقلق والاكتئاب والتحديات النفسية الأخرى. وفي حين أن التدخلات الطبية والنفسية تظل ضرورية، هناك اعتراف متزايد بالدور الذي يمكن أن تلعبه الروحانية في تعزيز الصحة النفسية. تقدم الروحانية للأفراد شعورًا بالهدف والأمل والمرونة، مما يمكّنهم من مواجهة صعوبات الحياة بقوة ووضوح أكبر. ومن بين العديد من التقاليد الروحية، يقدم القرآن رؤى عميقة في مجالات الشفاء والسلام الداخلي والمرونة النفسية، مما يوفر منظورًا فريدًا لمعالجة قضايا الصحة النفسية. يؤكد القرآن على نهج شامل للرفاه البشري، يدمج بين الأبعاد الجسدية والعاطفية والروحية. من خلال آياته، يعالج القرآن المشاعر الإنسانية مثل الخوف والحزن واليأس، ويوفر توجيهات عملية لتنمية الصبر والثقة والامتنان. تسلط مفاهيم مثل الذكر (تذكر الله)، والصبر، والتوكل الضوء على الترابط بين الروحانية والصحة النفسية، وتشجع المؤمنين على استمداد القوة من علاقتهم بالله. لا تقتصر هذه المبادئ على الإثراء الروحي، بل تتماشى أيضًا مع الأطر النفسية الحديثة التي تؤكد على اليقظة الذهنية والمرونة وتنظيم العواطف. وعلى الرغم من الغنى الذي يتسم به الخطاب القرآني حول الرفاه العاطفي والروحي، لا يزال هناك فجوة في فهم كيفية دمج هذه الرؤى بشكل منهجي في ممارسات الصحة النفسية المعاصرة. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى سد هذه الفجوة من خلال دراسة النهج القرآني في الشفاء الروحي والمرونة النفسية واستكشاف تطبيقاته العملية لمعالجة قضايا الصحة النفسية الحديثة. من خلال الربط بين مجالي علم اللاهوت وعلم النفس، تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى المساهمة في فهم متعدد التخصصات للصحة النفسية. كما تطمح إلى إظهار كيف يمكن للتعاليم القرآنية أن توفر الراحة والإرشاد للأفراد، بالإضافة إلى أدوات قيمة للمختصين العاملين في مجالات الإرشاد والصحة النفسية. وبذلك، تؤكد الدراسة على أن القرآن يعد مصدرًا دائمًا للحكمة التي تظل ذات صلة عميقة في معالجة تعقيدات المشاعر الإنسانية والصحة النفسية في العصر الحديث.
Atypical pneumonia: a review on its etiology, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Arellano-Arellano Cesar , Contreras-Rodríguez Araceli , Aguilera-Arreola Ma. Guadalupe , Gómez-Lunar Zulema , Ruiz Enrico A , Paredes-Marroquín Carmen Patricia , Olivares-Cervantes Alma Lidia , Velázquez-Guadarrama Norma
Published: November 2024

La neumonía atípica (NA) es una patología de importancia a nivel mundial. Las bacterias reconocidas como
causantes de NA son Mycoplasma pneumoniae, M. hominis, M. fermentans, M. genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum,
Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, C. psittaci, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis, y
Moraxella catarrhalis. Las pruebas de diagnóstico para poner de manifiesto al agente causante de la NA incluyen el
cultivo microbiológico, pruebas serológicas y los métodos moleculares.Debido a que algunos patógenos son intracelulares
estrictos como C. pneumoniae y C. trachomatis o de difícil cultivo en medios sintéticos como los micoplasmas, el
aislamiento microbiológico no es un método rutinario para su diagnóstico. Otras pruebas se basan en la detección de
anticuerpos específicos, como la inmunofluorescencia, pruebas de ELISA y la PCR. En esta revisión se describen
brevemente los datos históricos, epidemiológicos, métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la NA.
Deep learning-based brain tumor segmentation: A comparison of U-Net and segNet algorithms
Authors: Çay Talip
Published: November 2024

Brain tumors are among the diseases that pose a serious health concern worldwide and can lead to fatal outcomes if left untreated. The segmentation of brain tumors is a critical step for the accurate diagnosis of the disease and effective management of the treatment process. This study was conducted to examine the success rates of deep learning-based U-Net and SegNet algorithms in brain tumor segmentation. MRI brain images and black and white masks belonging to these images were used in the study. Image processing techniques, including histogram equalization, edge detection, noise reduction, contrast enhancement, and Gaussian blurring, were applied. These image processing steps improved the quality of the MRI images, contributing to more accurate segmentation results. As a result of the segmentation operations performed with U-Net and SegNet algorithms, the U-Net algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of 96%, while the SegNet algorithm’s accuracy rate was measured at 94%. The study determined that the U-Net algorithm provided a higher success rate and was more effective in brain tumor segmentation. In particular, the contribution of image processing steps to segmentation success was observed.
Horizontal Sıçramanın Değerlendirilmesinde Myjump 2 Uygulamasının Geçerliği ve Güvenirliği: Test Tekrar Test Çalışması
Authors: Şatır Durmuş , Dinçer Furkan , Uysal Hüseyin Şahin
Published: November 2024

Yatay sıçrama, özellikle atletizm, basketbol ve futbol gibi sporlarda sporcuların patlayıcı gücünü ve performansını belirlemede kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MyJump 2 uygulamasının üniversite sporcularının yatay sıçrama performansını değerlendirmedeki geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğini incelemektir. Çalışma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden korelasyonel araştırma deseni kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde en az bir yıl lisanslı spor yapmış 40 öğrenci katılmıştır. Yatay sıçramalar, MyJump 2 uygulaması ile geleneksel şerit metre kullanılarak eş zamanlı olarak ölçülmüştür. Veriler, Jamovi paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Normallik versayımı Shapiro Wilk testi ile control edilmiştir. Pearson korelasyon katsayısı analizi ile geçerlik değerlendirilirken, sınıf içi korelasyon katsayııs analizi (ICC) ile güvenirlik değerlendirilmiştir. Pearson korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, MyJump 2 ile şerit metre arasında mükemmel bir geçerlik bulunmuştur (r = 0.99). Bland Altman analizi sonuçları ise MyJump 2’nin sadece 0.42 cm'lik bir ortalama yanlılık gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Test-tekrar test güvenilirliği ise sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC) ile değerlendirilmiş ve oldukça yüksek bir güvenilirlik tespit edilmiştir (ICC = 0.99). Bu bulgular, MyJump 2 uygulamasının, spor bilimlerinde ve antrenman programlarında kullanılabilecek güvenilir ve geçerli bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, MyJump 2’nin taşınabilir ve düşük maliyetli olması, pahalı laboratuvar ekipmanlarına erişimi olmayan antrenörler ve sporcular için pratik bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Bu sayede alan uzmanları, MyJump 2'yi saha koşullarında yatay sıçrama performansını değerlendirmek için etkili bir ölçüm aracı olarak kullanabilirler.
Comparison of Low Dose Versus High Dose Statin Therapy in Improving Dyslipidemia
Authors: Rehman Moneeb Ur , Shah Syed Nadir , khan Hasil , Mansoor Javeria , Rehman Fazal ur , Manzoor Rida , Kakar Sana Ullah
Published: November 2024

Dyslipidemia, a significant contributor to atherosclerosis and its associated conditions like coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease, requires effective management through lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatment. Statins are commonly used to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, thus lowering the risks of myocardial infarctions and strokes. However, higher doses of statins, while more effective in reducing cardiovascular events, are associated with an increased risk of adverse effects such as myopathy and elevated liver enzymes. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of low-dose (10 mg) versus high-dose (40 mg) atorvastatin therapy in improving lipid profiles in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

A randomized trial was conducted with 90 ACS patients recruited from the Bolan Medical Complex, Quetta. They were randomly assigned to either receive 10 mg or 40 mg atorvastatin daily for four months. Lipid profiles, including HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, were measured before and after the intervention. Both dosage groups showed significant improvements in their lipid profiles after the treatment period. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the overall improvement of dyslipidemia. These findings suggest that both low and high doses of atorvastatin are effective in improving lipid profiles, but higher doses may not offer additional benefits in this patient population.
Comparison of Ocular Trauma Score and Penetrating Ocular Trauma Score in Predicting Visual Outcome in Children
Authors: Munir Faraz , Jehangir Ramsha , Parvez Ayesha , Farooq Amna , Khokhar Hira Shuja , Shahzad Taiba
Published: November 2024

Background: Previously, no standardized system existed for naming and managing ocular trauma. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) was introduced to predict visual outcomes in patients with ocular injuries, proving valid in adults. However, its effectiveness in children was uncertain. To address this, the Penetrating Ocular Trauma Score (POTS) was developed specifically for pediatric cases. Despite these advancements, no consensus emerged nationally or internationally on whether OTS or POTS was the superior predictor of visual outcomes in children with ocular injuries.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the more reliable scoring system for predicting visual outcomes in children after ocular trauma. A total of 34 patients aged 1 to 12 years with penetrating ocular injuries were included. Consent was obtained from the parents or guardians, and the study’s procedure was fully explained. A comprehensive eye examination, covering variables for both OTS and POTS, was conducted at the time of injury, and patients were followed for six months. Results were compared using cross-tabulation with the original OTS and POTS.

Results: Of the 34 patients, 23 (67.6%) were male and 11 (32.4%) females, with a mean age of 6.7 years (range 1–15 years). Right-eye injuries occurred in 21 (61.8%) patients, and left-eye injuries in 13 (38.2%). Injuries most frequently occurred at home (61.8%) and in the street (26.5%), with stones (20.6%) and knives (17.6%) as common injury objects. An unclean wound was present in 22 (64.7%) cases, and traumatic cataract developed in 17 (50%) patients. Initial visual acuity (VA) ranged from PL to 20/20 (PL in 47%), while final VA ranged from NPL to 20/20 (PL in 26.5%). OTS results showed variable accuracy in groups 1–3 but matched predictions in groups 4 and 5. For POTS, groups 1, 2, 3, and 5 aligned with expected outcomes.

Conclusion: POTS demonstrated higher reliability than OTS in predicting visual outcomes in pediatric ocular trauma cases
Unraveling of Multifactorial Etiology and Risk Factors of Severe Anemia HB ≤ 6 g/dL
Authors: Razia Easha-Tur- , Khan Sara Arshad , Awan Abdul Khalid
Published: November 2024

Background: Anemia is an alarming worldwide health condition affecting individuals from modernized and countries that underdeveloped, with significant implications for human health and socio-economic development.

Aims: This research aimed to find the primary risk factors linked with severe anemia (HB ≤ 6 g/dL) and assess the relative contribution of different factors, including nutritional status, chronic diseases, infections, and genetic factors.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study investigated the fundamental causes and risk factors of disease anemia (HB≤ 6 g/dL). The following study was conducted at the Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad AJK Pakistan. The data was collected through a nonprobability purposive sampling technique. Multivariate analysis was applied using logistic regression to identify specific risk factors for severe anemia.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 34.2 years (SD 10.8), with 60% from low socioeconomic status. The mean iron level was 30.4 (SD 12.5) and the mean vitamin B12 level was 190.3 pg/mL (SD 2.3). 46.7% had a history of chronic diseases, with 20.0% having type 2 diabetes and 13.3% having renal diseases. 26.7% were suffering from infections. Chronic disease history significantly increases the risk (OR 2.50, p=0.004).

Conclusion: The study population had low hemoglobin and iron levels, with a high proportion of patients having chronic diseases. Severe anemia was significantly associated with low iron levels and Vitamin B12 deficiency, chronic diseases, and infections, increasing the risk of severe anemia
Narrowing down the therapeutic task in ISTDP
Authors: Hesslow Thomas , Entis Jonathan J.
Published: November 2024

Effective use of the therapeutic alliance is key to successful therapy across different treatment modalities. In this article we argue that one of the distinctive features of ISTDP is how the therapist manages the therapeutic alliance by narrowing down the therapeutic task again and again throughout the treatment. ISTDP therapists need to strive for absolute clarity about different emotional and defensive responses, in order to keep the therapeutic alliance firmly directed towards emotional experiencing and resistance relinquishing. What is more, the patient must also share this understanding of the task at hand and bring full willingness to join with the therapist to accomplish it. This process is illustrated by pieces of transcript from a successful treatment course, where we show how the therapeutic task is developing along the different stages of the therapeutic process. Maintaining a narrowly defined task is the central means to keep treatment intensity up, and a sine qua non of facilitating major unlockings of the unconscious.
ВЫГОРАНИЕ РУКОВОДИТЕЛЕЙ И АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ АНТИСТРЕССОВОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Абзалиева Д.С. , Сагинтаева Р.С.
Published: November 2024

В статье рассмотрены важные проблемы, связанные с психоэмоциальным состоянием руководителей. Исследования построены на анализе обширной зарубежной практики. Отражаются исследования по уровню подверженности стрессам вследствие высокой рабочей нагрузки, влияния социальных факторов. Приводятся данные по последствиям воздействия стресса и выгорания руководителей на деятельность компаний. Предлагаются пути решения проблем, даются примерные оценки результатов применения этих мер.
اللسانيات وأثرها في معالجة موضوع "تعليم اللغة للناطقين بغيرها": قضايا نظرية ونماذج تطبيقية في "نظرية أخطاء التعلم"
Authors: بودرع عبد الرحمن
Published: November 2024

تعليم اللغة للناطقين بغيرِها، فرعٌ من فروع علمِ اللغة التطبيقي، وهو فرعٌ غنيٌّ بالظواهر والإشكالات؛ لأنها تتداخَلُ فيها الجوانب اللغوية والذهنية النفسية والاجتماعية، ويجدُ فيها المتخصصون اللسانيون والنفسانيون والاجتماعيون ما يتَّصل بخبراتهم، وما يستطيعون تقديمه من اقتراحات لتحسين مستوى تعليم اللغات للناطقين بغيرها، بل يكتشفون طبيعة العوائق التي تعترِضُ سبيل تعلُّم اللغة الأجنبية، وقد أُلِّفَتْ بحوثٌ في المشكلات والأخطاء التي تصدُرُ عن هذا الضَّرْبِ من التعلُّم، وهي مشكلاتٌ تنجُمُ عن اصطدام لغتَينِ متباينتَينِ أشدَّ التبايُن؛ معجمًا وتركيبًا ودلالةً وسياقًا، فيلجأ المتعلِّمون إلى لغاتهم الأم لاستعارة عباراتٍ جديدةٍ يستكملون بها ما يُصادفونه من حاجة مُلحَّة لملء الثَّغرات في المواقف المتعدِّدة، ويُعالِج هذا البحثُ ظاهرةَ تعلُّمِ لغةٍ ثانيةٍ، وما يعترِضُ طريق التعلُّم من ملاحظة الأخطاء التي يرتكبها المتعلِّم في بدء تعلُّمِهِ لغةً جديدةً غريبةً عن لغتِهِ الأصلية، ويُمْكن عِنْدَ ملاحظة طبيعة الأخطاء المرتكَبَة أن نتصوَّر وجودَ نحوٍ للأخطاء في تعلُّم اللغة الثانية.
Adults studying GCSE mathematics in Further Education: Self-efficacy, anxiety, and examination grades
Authors:   , Stacey Jennifer Mary
Published: November 2024

This research sought to establish whether there is a link between self-efficacy or anxiety and final examination grades for adults taking GCSE mathematics. In England in 2020, 30,650 adults (19+) were registered to take this Level 2 examination, traditionally for 16-year-olds in schools. Twenty-one adults on non-traditional pathways in education participated in this mixed methods study. The study used a questionnaire with comments sections, distributed to participants on two occasions, and a semi-focussed interview. Statements on the questionnaire were divided into three sections: course content, classroom dynamics and assessment. Main insights on perception: Timed testing emerged as the most significant challenge for participants. Whilst some participants expressed anxiety and low self-efficacy with all tests and examinations, for others it was specifically mathematics examinations that prompted negative responses. Main insights for outcomes: The principal insight of the research is that whilst most learners with high self-efficacy and low anxiety reached the required grade, most of those with lower self-efficacy, higher anxiety, or both generally did not perform as well. Self-efficacy for these participants was a better marker for success than anxiety. Findings were evaluated by gender, age, and ethnicity. Stereotypical assumptions about adult learners drawn from previous research were challenged by this study, as males had similar outcomes to females, older participants were less anxious than younger ones, and those whose first language was not English were just as likely to perform well as English speakers. Original findings emerged from individual statement responses, such as participants who were unable or unlikely to ask a question in class, and that word problems matched algebra as a significant topic in terms of course content. Additionally, one participant out of the ten who responded twice became more anxious and had lower self-efficacy as the examinations approached, with a potentially detrimental effect on their grade. The findings of this research are exploratory and indicative due to the sample size, but they have implications for research and practice, as they have highlighted differences between FE adult populations of mathematics learners and other FE and adult students. In addition, they have indicated a need for practitioners to gather information from adults to enable them to better support their learners in fulfilling their aspirations of a GCSE in mathematics.
Evaluating and Prioritising Supply Chain Management Strategies in The UK Textile Industry
Authors:   , Komal Samina
Published: November 2024

Area of PhD:
The textile industry is segregated based on three specified markets: technical textiles, home, and apparel. This study focuses on the textile industry since this industry is highly important and certainly its volume.
Problem Description:
There is a dearth of supply chain management (SCM) strategies and practices integrated in UK textile industries as managers found it complex to select an appropriate strategy and practice based on the situation and their type of product. Previously, it was noticeable that SCM strategies and practices differ per company's production and purchase policies.
Methods:
A mixed-method consists of questionnaires of the practitioners and manufacturers and a Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to clarify what SCM approaches are being operated by their firms and, what components led to the adoption of a particular approach and how and why they plan to change the SCM strategy approach.
Results:
The intense global competition, reduced product life cycle, and increasingly demanding customers shape the current business environment. One of the main aspects of supply chain management is strategic procurement management, which entails both production and purchasing aspects. These strategies assure better utilisation of resources and cost control. The proposed SCM strategy for production and purchasing and its components in the textile industry is provided in the following section. Challenges to reducing the cost while enhancing the service level and promoting sustainable sourcing in the UK are the most important features of the proposed strategy.
Périnatalités, accouchements et maternités dans Bercer l’enfant manquant : mise en récit et en dialogue des devenirs-mères par le motif de l’enfant manquant, incréé, non né
Authors: Mercier Amandine
Published: November 2024

Comment incarner les devenirs-mères dans la pluralité et la complexité de ce que cela engage? Quels sont les statuts et états des paroles et des corps qui accompagnent les contingences des devenirs-mères? Quelles en sont les traversées lors de la périnatalité, l’accouchement et la maternité? Autant de questions posées par Valérie Gaudissart, metteure en scène de la compagnie Rêver Tout Haut, dans sa pièce Bercer l’enfant manquant (2021), créée à partir de témoignages de femmes s’exprimant librement sur ce qui est d’ordinaire tu ou nié, comme l’avortement, l’accouchement sous X, la dépression post-partum, la fausse couche, la césarienne, la procréation médicalement assistée ou encore l’adoption, ici traités sous le prisme de l’enfant manquant, idéalisé, non né, incréé, et qu’il s’agit dans cette contribution d’examiner.
L’accouchement au coeur du monde : le care dans la pièce Venir au monde d’Anne-Marie Olivier
Authors: Laforce Esther
Published: November 2024

Cet article propose une lecture féministe de la pièce Venir au monde (2017) d’Anne-Marie Olivier, qui présente des histoires d’accouchement. Il soutient que la vulnérabilité et l’interdépendance, au fondement de l’éthique du care, sont des caractéristiques des personnages mis en scène. Donner naissance à un enfant se lit comme « une épreuve » (Olivier, citée dans Bouchard, 2017) autour de laquelle se rassemble une communauté à laquelle participent les vivant·es, les mort·es et les mourant·es. Les principes du care éclairent aussi le rôle joué par la poésie comme pratique qui vise à réparer et à adoucir le monde en donnant sens aux expériences douloureuses.
Démêler la relation symbiotique entre la religion et la politique pendant le mandat du premier ministre Abe Shinzō et dans le monde post-Abe1
Authors: Mullins Mark R.
Published: November 2024

Au cours des cinquante dernières années, le Parti libéral démocrate (PLD) et l’Association des sanctuaires Shinto ont collaboré pour « restaurer » les valeurs et les traditions japonaises qui avaient été mises à mal pendant l’occupation du Japon par les forces alliées. Depuis les années de catastrophe (1995/2011), les membres de la Diète et les premiers ministres du PLD, en particulier le premier ministre Abe Shinzō, ont renforcé leur soutien au programme politique shintoïste visant à restaurer l’éducation patriotique, à promouvoir le sanctuaire de Yasukuni et à réviser la Constitution. Au lendemain de l’assassinat du premier ministre Abe (8 juillet 2022), l’influence de l’Église de l’Unification, une organisation controversée, sur les politiciens du PLD et leurs politiques a été révélée au grand jour et a suscité de nombreuses critiques ainsi qu’un débat public. Cet article fait le point sur ces développements récents et identifie les tensions et les contradictions fondamentales entre les valeurs de base du nationalisme shintoïste, portées par Abe pendant des décennies, et celles promues par l’Église de l’Unification. Les enquêtes et les procédures judiciaires entourant cet incident se poursuivent, de sorte qu’on ne sait pas encore quelles en seront les retombées pour ces deux religions et le milieu politique japonais.
Aigües superficials i subterrànies com a possible factor desencadenant en un vessant inestable. El cas de la Font Nova i dels polígons industrials de Santiago Payá i de Sant Benet, Alcoi (Alacant)
Authors: Pastor Valor Aitana
Published: November 2024

La ciutat d’Alcoi se situa al nord de la província d’Alacant, en la conca vessant del riu Serpis i sobre una fossa tectònica caracteritzada per la presència de margues miocenes i material quaternari, sobre els que s’ha desenvolupat un fort encaixament fluvial i com a conseqüència, moviments de vessant. El cas que es tracta es localitza al sud de la ciutat i afecta els polígons industrials de Sant Benet, Santiago Payá, El Clergue i La Beniata i dos masos, els quals els seus sòls han experimentat rebliments i excavacions per a l’obtenció de sòl industrial. Es presenta un inventari de les surgències d’aigua i de moviments de vessant que han afectat la zona d’estudi mitjançant la fotointerpretació de vols aeris, el treball de camp, la documentació històrica i fonts testimonials, cosa que ha permés identificar els possibles factors desencadenants i definir la superfície afectada.
Avaluació dels canvis volumètrics de les platges i front dunar entre València i Cullera (2017-2022)
Authors: Pardo-Pascual Josep Eliseu , Almonacid-Caballer Jaime , Gorkovchuk Denys , Palomar-Vázquez Jesús , Cabezas-Rabadán Carlos
Published: November 2024

La quantificació dels canvis volumètrics en els sistemes de platja i duna és essencial per a realitzar balanços sedimentaris en les cèl·lules sedimentàries costaneres i comprendre completament l’evolució de les platges. Ací s’examina el potencial de les sèries de fotografies aèries, originalment utilitzades per a crear ortofotos, en la monitoratge dels canvis volumètrics en platges i front dunar del sector costaner entre València i Cullera.El treball demostra que aquestes fotografies aèries poden ser tractades, amb tècniques de fotogrametria actual, per a obtindre Models Digitals de Superfície (MDS). L’obtenció de 6 models, entre el 2017 i 2022, demostra que aqueixes fotografies aèries poden esdevindre una font d’informació tridimensional rigorosa i comparable als vols LiDAR alhora que milloren la resolució temporal de les dades tridimensionals disponibles.Els models permeten caracteritzar tridimensionalment el sistema dunar i la platja emergida, així com analitzar els canvis experimentats per aquestes unitats costaneres al llarg del temps. La unió de la informació tridimensional i les mesures bidimensionals aporten una visió holística complementària a altres fonts d’informació morfològica. Pel que fa a l’impacte dels temporals sobre el front costaner, els resultats evidencien el fort impacte del temporal Glòria, el qual generà pèrdues sedimentàries bastant elevades de les quals moltes zones no pareixen arribar a recuperar-se.
Análisis geográfico de la presión humana durante eventos festivos: aplicaciones a la gestión de la noche de San Juan en la playa urbana de las Canteras (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España)
Authors: Del Rosario Rodríguez Eloy José , García Romero Levi , Pérez-Chacón Espino Emma
Published: November 2024

Se analizan, desde una perspectiva geográfica, los efectos de la celebración de la noche de San Juan en la playa urbana de las Canteras (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria). El estudio espaciotemporal de la distribución de las personas se realiza mediante el análisis de fotografías síncronas tomadas en diferentes puntos de la playa, y su tratamiento posterior a partir de sistemas de información geográfica. Los resultados permiten sectorizar dónde y en qué momentos se supera la capacidad de carga de la playa, así como la relación entre las zonas más congestionadas y la localización del escenario donde se realizan las actuaciones. En conjunto, estos hallazgos han sido de gran utilidad para la gestión de la playa pues, junto a otros informes, han servido para justificar técnicamente el traslado de las actuaciones fuera del entorno de la playa, con el fin de preservar su uso sostenible.
Old Believers and "former" Cossacks in the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR: interaction with the Soviet government (1920s – early 1930s)
Authors: Khomyakov Sergei Vasil'evich
Published: November 2024

The subject of the research in the article is the problem of similarities and differences in the interactions of the Soviet government with two traditional communities living in the newly formed Buryat-Mongolian ASSR since 1923 – Old Believers and Cossacks who have lost their official status (act as the object of research). The modifications of their identities caused by both intra-communal processes and external invasions by the state have largely led to a certain ideological collapse of modern renaissance trends. The following aspects of the topic are considered: analysis of the policy of "soft power" in terms of influence on Ancient Orthodoxy and radical "storytelling" of the 1920s, respectively; study of the parallel with this policy of the transition of communities to practices of socially approved behavior by the early 1930s. The study mainly used a historical and comparative method involving the allocation of common and special features of various phenomena. This helped to compare the policy of the Communists in relation to two rather different communities from each other. The ideographic method made it possible to better understand the peculiarities of the 1920s, through the prism of elements of biographies of individual people. The traditional communities of Old Believers and Cossacks of Buryat Mongolia in the 1920s were subjected (to varying degrees of influence) to a political, social and cultural transformation of their identities - moderate for the former and radical for the latter. By the early 1930s, it provoked the transition to practices of approved behavior, as the only option for non-public preservation of the meanings of their "deep" specificity, and in the case of the Cossacks, external forms of cultural identity. The novelty of the research lies in the study of the ideological policy of the Soviet government in the early years of its existence, based on a comparison of two specific communities of Buryatia – Old Believers and Cossacks, as well as the introduction into scientific circulation of sources of personal origin – the memories of family old-timers and descendants of military Cossacks.
Problematic situations of the use of firearms by security and escort police units in relation to exceptional categories of citizens.
Authors: Chepik Irina Viktorovna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is the circumstances, upon the occurrence of which an employee of a security and convoy police unit may have the right to use firearms in the course of carrying out official activities. The research methodology is represented by general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, deduction) and private scientific methods (comparative legal method, modeling). The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the study examines situations of possible use of firearms in relation to exceptional categories of citizens from the perspective of legal norms, which, regarding the activities of security and convoy units of the police, have not been previously analyzed. Fundamentally new is the issue of using firearms against woman in the context of the legal provisions of the Federal Law "On Police". Conclusions: 1. In accordance with the purpose of the security and convoy units of the police, the use of firearms in their activities is allowed in accordance with the legislation. 2. The legal regulation of the use of firearms by employees of security and convoy units of the police is generally reduced to the norms of the Federal Law "On Police". 3. On the basis of the provisions of the Federal Law "On Police", exceptional categories of citizens include: women, minors, persons with obvious signs of disability. The ban on the use of firearms against them is not unconditional. 4. The study, with references to the relevant norms of the Federal Law "On Police", the researches of other authors, provides a justification for the possible use of firearms against exceptional categories of citizens.
Molecular consequences of acute versus chronic CDK12 loss in prostate carcinoma nominates distinct therapeutic strategies
Authors: Frank Sander , Persse Thomas , Coleman Ilsa , Bankhead Armand , Li Dapei , DeSarkar Navonil , Wilson Divin , Rudoy Dmytro , Vashisth Manasvita , Galipeau Patty , Yang Michael , Hanratty Brian , Dumpit Ruth , Morrissey Colm , Corey Eva , Montgomery R Bruce , Haffner Michael C , Pritchard Colin , Vasioukhin Valera , Ha Gavin , Nelson Peter S
Published: November 2024

Genomic loss of the transcriptional kinase
CDK12
occurs in ∼6% of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC) and correlates with poor patient outcomes. Prior studies demonstrate that acute CDK12 loss confers a homologous recombination (HR) deficiency (HRd) phenotype via premature intronic polyadenylation (IPA) of key HR pathway genes, including
ATM.
However, mCRPC patients have not demonstrated benefit from therapies that exploit HRd such as inhibitors of polyADP ribose polymerase (PARP). Based on this discordance, we sought to test the hypothesis that an HRd phenotype is primarily a consequence of acute
CDK12
loss and the effect is greatly diminished in prostate cancers adapted to
CDK12
loss. Analyses of whole genome sequences (WGS) and RNA sequences (RNAseq) of human mCRPCs determined that tumors with biallelic
CDK12
alterations (

CDK12
BAL

) lack genomic scar signatures indicative of HRd, despite carrying bi-allelic loss and the appearance of the hallmark tandem-duplicator phenotype (TDP). Experiments confirmed that acute CDK12 inhibition resulted in aberrant polyadenylation and downregulation of long genes (including
BRCA1
and
BRCA2
) but such effects were modest or absent in tumors adapted to chronic

CDK12
BAL

. One key exception was
ATM
, which did retain transcript shortening and reduced protein expression in the adapted

CDK12
BAL

models. However,

CDK12
BAL

cells demonstrated intact HR as measured by RAD51 foci formation following irradiation.

CDK12
BAL

cells showed a vulnerability to targeting of CDK13 by sgRNA or CDK12/13 inhibitors and
in vivo
treatment of prostate cancer xenograft lines showed that tumors with

CDK12
BAL

responded to the CDK12/13 inhibitor SR4835, while CDK12-intact lines did not. Collectively, these studies show that aberrant polyadenylation and long HR gene downregulation is primarily a consequence of acute CDK12 deficiency, which is largely compensated for in cells that have adapted to CDK12 loss. These results provide an explanation for why PARPi monotherapy has thus far failed to consistently benefit patients with CDK12 alterations, though alternate therapies that target CDK13 or transcription are candidates for future research and testing.
Identification and characterization of early human photoreceptor states and cell-state-specific retinoblastoma-related features
Authors: Shayler Dominic WH , Stachelek Kevin , Cambier Linda , Lee Sunhye , Bai Jinlun , Reid Mark W , Weisenberger Daniel J , Bhat Bhavana , Aparicio Jennifer G , Kim Yeha , Singh Mitali , Bay Maxwell , Thornton Matthew E , Doyle Eamon K , Fouladian Zachary , Erberich Stephan G , Grubbs Brendan H , Bonaguidi Michael A , Craft Cheryl Mae , Singh Hardeep P , Cobrinik David
Published: November 2024

Human cone photoreceptors differ from rods and serve as the retinoblastoma cell-of-origin. Here, we used deep full-length single-cell RNA-sequencing to distinguish post-mitotic cone and rod developmental states and cone-specific features that contribute to retinoblastomagenesis. The analyses revealed early post-mitotic cone- and rod-directed populations characterized by higher THRB or NRL regulon activities, an immature photoreceptor precursor population with concurrent cone and rod gene and regulon expression, and distinct early and late cone and rod maturation states distinguished by maturation-associated declines in RAX regulon activity. Unexpectedly, both L/M cone and rod precursors co-expressed
NRL
and
THRB
RNAs, yet they differentially expressed functionally antagonistic
NRL
isoforms and prematurely terminated
THRB
transcripts. Early L/M cone precursors exhibited successive expression of lncRNAs along with
MYCN
, which composed the seventh most L/M-cone-specific regulon, and
SYK
, which contributed to the early cone precursors’ proliferative response to
RB1
loss. These findings reveal previously unrecognized photoreceptor precursor states and a role for early cone-precursor-intrinsic
SYK
expression in retinoblastoma initiation.
Pleiotropy increases parallel selection signatures during adaptation from standing genetic variation
Authors: Lai Wei-Yun , Hsu Sheng-Kai , Futschik Andreas , Schlötterer Christian
Published: November 2024

The phenomenon of parallel evolution, whereby similar genomic and phenotypic changes occur across replicated pairs of population or species, is widely studied. Nevertheless, the determining factors of parallel evolution remain poorly understood. Theoretical studies have proposed that pleiotropy, the influence of a single gene on multiple traits, is an important factor. In order to gain a deeper insight into the role of pleiotropy for parallel evolution from standing genetic variation, we characterized the interplay between parallelism, polymorphism and pleiotropy. The present study examined the parallel gene expression evolution in 10 replicated populations of
Drosophila simulans
, which were adapted from standing variation to the same new temperature regime. The data demonstrate that parallel evolution of gene expression from standing genetic variation is positively correlated with the strength of pleiotropic effects. The ancestral variation in gene expression is, however, negatively correlated with parallelism. Given that pleiotropy is also negatively correlated with gene expression variation, we conducted a causal analysis to distinguish cause and correlation and evaluate the role of pleiotropy. The causal analysis indicated that both direct (causative) and indirect (correlational) effects of pleiotropy contribute to parallel evolution. The indirect effect is mediated by historic selective constraint in response to pleiotropy. This results in parallel selection responses due to the reduced standing variation of pleiotropic genes. The direct effect of pleiotropy is likely to reflect a genetic correlation among adaptive traits, which in turn gives rise to synergistic effects and higher parallelism.
Rho-ROCK liberates sequestered claudin for rapid de novo tight junction formation
Authors: Cho Yuma , Taniguchi Akari , Kubo Akiharu , Ikenouchi Junichi
Published: November 2024

The epithelial cell sheet maintains its integrity as a barrier while undergoing turnover of constituent cells. To sustain the barrier continuously, it’s essential to preserve the ‘old’ tight junctions (TJs) between cells being excluded from the sheet and their neighbors while simultaneously forming
de novo
TJs between newly adjacent cells. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of
de novo
TJs remain largely unknown. This study investigates two scenarios: the formation of
de novo
TJs during the removal of apoptotic cells from monolayer epithelial sheets and during the differentiation of the granular layer in stratified epidermis. We revealed that rapid claudin assembly is achieved by actively regulating the dissociation of the EpCAM/TROP2-claudin complex in both situations. Furthermore, we found that the Rho-ROCK pathway initiates the activation of matriptase, which cleaves EpCAM/TROP2, resulting in the supply of polymerizable claudin from the stockpiled EpCAM/TROP2-claudin complex at the plasma membrane to induce rapid
de novo
TJ formation.
Sir2 and Fun30 regulate ribosomal DNA replication timing via MCM helicase positioning and nucleosome occupancy
Authors: Lichauco Carmina , Foss Eric J , Gatbonton-Schwager Tonibelle , Athow Nelson F , Lofts Brandon , Acob Robin , Taylor Erin , Marquez James J , Lao Uyen , Miles Shawna , Bedalov Antonio
Published: November 2024

The association between late replication timing and low transcription rates in eukaryotic heterochromatin is well-known, yet the specific mechanisms underlying this link remain uncertain. In
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, the histone deacetylase Sir2 is required for both transcriptional silencing and late replication at the repetitive ribosomal DNA arrays (rDNA). We have previously reported that in the absence of
SIR2
, a derepressed RNA PolII repositions MCM replicative helicases from their loading site at the ribosomal origin, where they abut well-positioned, high-occupancy nucleosomes, to an adjacent region with lower nucleosome occupancy. By developing a method that can distinguish activation of closely spaced MCM complexes, here we show that the displaced MCMs at rDNA origins have increased firing propensity compared to the nondisplaced MCMs. Furthermore, we found that both, activation of the repositioned MCMs and low occupancy of the adjacent nucleosomes critically depend on the chromatin remodeling activity of
FUN30
. Our study elucidates the mechanism by which Sir2 delays replication timing, and it demonstrates, for the first time, that activation of a specific replication origin
in vivo
relies on the nucleosome context shaped by a single chromatin remodeler.
T-follicular helper cells are epigenetically poised to transdifferentiate into T-regulatory type 1 cells
Authors: Garnica Josep , Sole Patricia , Yamanouchi Jun , Moro Joel , Mondal Debajyoti , Fandos Cesar , Serra Pau , Santamaria Pere
Published: November 2024

Chronic antigenic stimulation can trigger the formation of interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing T-regulatory type 1 (TR1) cells in vivo. We have recently shown that murine T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are precursors of TR1 cells and that the TFH-to-TR1 cell transdifferentiation process is characterized by the progressive loss and acquisition of opposing transcription factor gene expression programs that evolve through at least one transitional cell stage. Here, we use a broad range of bulk and single-cell transcriptional and epigenetic tools to investigate the epigenetic underpinnings of this process. At the single-cell level, the TFH-to-TR1 cell transition is accompanied by both, downregulation of TFH cell-specific gene expression due to loss of chromatin accessibility, and upregulation of TR1 cell-specific genes linked to chromatin regions that remain accessible throughout the transdifferentiation process, with minimal generation of new open chromatin regions. By interrogating the epigenetic status of accessible TR1 genes on purified TFH and conventional T-cells, we find that most of these genes, including Il10, are already poised for expression at the TFH cell stage. Whereas these genes are closed and hypermethylated in Tconv cells, they are accessible, hypomethylated, and enriched for H3K27ac-marked and hypomethylated active enhancers in TFH cells. These enhancers are enriched for binding sites for the TFH and TR1-associated transcription factors TOX-2, IRF4, and c-MAF. Together, these data suggest that the TR1 gene expression program is genetically imprinted at the TFH cell stage.
SH-SDS: a new static-dynamic strategy for substation host security detection
Authors: Diao Yang , Chen Hui , Liu Wei , Rasool Abdur
Published: November 2024

A substation is integral to the functioning of a power grid, enabling the efficient and safe transmission and distribution of electrical energy to meet the demands of consumers. The digital transformation of critical infrastructures, particularly in the electric power sector, such as the emergence of intelligent substations, is a double-edged sword. While it brings about efficiency improvements and consumer-centric advancements, it raises concerns about the heightened vulnerability to cyberattacks. This article proposes a new static-dynamic strategy for host security detection by implementing a system prototype and evaluating its detection accuracy. To reduce the subjectivity in manually selecting features, we combine classified protection for cybersecurity-related standards and construct the requirement generation algorithm to construct a network security detection standard library for the substation host. Based on this, we develop strategy generation algorithm to match the list of host detection projects to obtain the security detection strategy of the target host. Moreover, we output and analyze the detection logs to obtain a security detection report. The prototype is efficient and effective through practical use, and it serves as a practical tool in substation host security detection. The experiments suggest that the mechanism proposed in our study can operate at a high speed and demonstrates satisfactory performance in terms of detection.
Risk factors and prediction models for recurrent acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ke Liuhua , Zhang Hongyu , Long Kang , Peng Zheng , Huang Yongjun , Ma Xingxuan , Wu Wanjun
Published: November 2024

Background

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, with a high risk of recurrence that severely impacts the quality of life of patients. Therefore, identifying and analyzing the risk factors for recurrent ischemic stroke is crucial for the prevention and management of this disease.

Methods

A total of 114 cases of recurrent acute ischemic stroke patients admitted from July 2017 to March 2021 were selected as the observation group, and another 409 cases of initial ischemic stroke patients from the same period as the control group. The clinical data of the observation group and the control group were compared to analyze the risk factors associated with the readmission of ischemic stroke. A single-factor analysis (Model 1), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and machine learning methods (Model 2) were used to screen important variables, and a multi-factor COX Proportional Hazards Model regression stroke recurrence risk prediction model was constructed. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by the consistency index (C-index).

Results

Multivariate COX regression analysis revealed that history of hypertension (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 2.549; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [1.503–4.321]; P = 0.001), history of cerebral infarction (HR = 1.709; 95% CI [1.066–2.738]; P = 0.026), cerebral artery stenosis (HR = 0.534; 95% CI [0.306–0.931]; P = 0.027), carotid arteriosclerosis (HR = 1.823; 95% CI [1.137–2.924]; P = 0.013), systolic blood pressure (HR = 0.981; 95% CI [0.971–0.991]; P < 0.0001), red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) (HR = 1.251; 95% CI [1.019–1.536]; P = 0.033), mean platelet volume (MPV) (HR = 1.506; 95% CI [1.148–1.976]; P = 0.003), uric acid (UA) (HR = 0.995; 95% CI [0.991–1.000]; P = 0.049) were found significantly associated with acute ischemic stroke. The C-index of the full COX model was 0.777 (0.732~0.821), showing a good discrimination between Model 1 and Model 2.

Conclusions

History of hypertension, history of cerebral infarction, cerebral artery stenosis, carotid atherosclerosis, systolic blood pressure, UA, RDW-CV, and MPV were identified as risk factors for acute ischemic stroke recurrence. The model can be used to predict the recurrence of acute ischemic stroke.
Global Thermal Instability in the Spherical Interstellar Clouds
Authors: Nejad-Asghar M.
Published: November 2024

Thermal instability (TI) is a trigger mechanism, which can explain the formation of small condensations through some regions of the interstellar clouds. The instability criterion for flat geometry approximations has been investigated in previous works. Here, we focus on spherical perturbations in the spherical clouds. Our goal here is to examine the conditions for the occurrence of TI through the thermally dominated (i.e., gravitationally stable) quasi-static spherical interstellar clouds. First, we obtain the profiles of density, temperature, pressure, and enclosed mass of a symmetric spherical cloud. Then, we use the perturbation method to investigate the linear regime of instability and find its growth rate. Considering spherical perturbations on the quasi-static spherical cloud, instead of a thermal and dynamical equilibrium flat cloud, changes the instability criterion so that we can conclude that sphericalness can increase the occurrence of TI. The results show that in the spherical clouds, perturbations with shorter wavelengths have more chance to grow via TI (i.e., greater growth rates).