bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of High Intensities and Moderate Intensities Football Specific Circuit Training on Selected Hematological Variables among Under-17 Football Players
Authors: Muez Tsegay  , Soumitra Mondal  , Hayelom Kebede Mekonen  , Theodros Berhanu
Published: March 2021

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the comparative effect of high intensities andmoderate intensities football specific circuit training on selected Hematological Variables among Under-17football players in Ethiopia.Method: Randomized control group pretest-posttest design was implemented for this experimental study.For the purpose of this study from a total of ninety (90) football players of Adigrat city sixty (60) footballerswere taken as a sample size. The subjects were at the age of 16.15+.71 years, height of 1.62+.54 meter andweight of 50.67+3.71. These subjects were distributed into the experimental groups of high intensity circuittraining group (HICT group) N1=20, moderate intensity circuit training group(MICT group)N2=20andcontrol group (CG) N=20. Only HICT group and MICT group were engaged in high intensity circuit trainingand moderate intensity circuit training for sixteen weeks respectively. The selected hematological parameterswere Red blood cells (RBC), White blood cells (WBC), Hemoglobin (Hgb), Hematocrit (HCT), Mean cellvolume (MCV) and Mean cell hemoglobin (MCH). The data was collected from cubital vein as per the guidefor blood specimen collection procedure at both pre and post-tests. The data was analyzed using ANCOVAand post hoc test for paired mean comparison when significant difference exists.Result: Our finding indicated that the High intensity circuit training group increased significantly in RBC,WBC, Hgb and MCV than control group with (519, P=.000), (91.595, P=.000), (.903, P=.019) and (5.668,P=.000) respectively. Moderate intensity circuit training Group increased significantly from the controlgroup on RBC, WBC, Hgb and MCV with a mean difference of (.746, P=.000), (1.894, P=.000), (1.238,P=.000) and (2.777, P=.000) respectively. The High intensity circuit training group decreased significantly inHCT and MCH with (-3.175, P=.000) and (-1.344, P=.000) respectively. Moderate intensity circuit trainingGroup decreased significantly from the control group on HCT and MCH with (-4.310, P=.000) and (-2.076,P=.000) respectively. In addition to this the Moderate intensity circuit training Group showed significantincrease in RBC and decrease in MCH from High intensity circuit training group with (.227, P=0.014) and(.732, P=.032) respectively. The High intensity circuit training group increased significantly in MCV thanthe Moderate intensity circuit training Group with (2.892, P=.001).Conclusion: From our finding we conclude that different intensity of training brings different changes indifferent Hematological parameters and similar changes in some variables as well. Thus the circuit training intensity should be considered in the coachingplan for junior players.
Evaluation of expression of Toll-Like Receptors 7 and 9, proliferation, and cytoskeletal biomarkers in plaque and guttate psoriasis: A pilot morphological study
Authors: Prignano Francesca , Lombardo Giulia , Indino Serena , Ricceri Federica , Cornaghi Laura , Donetti Elena B.
Published: March 2021

This pilot study was aimed at comparing TLR7/TLR9 expression, cytoskeletal arrangement, and cell proliferation by indirect immunofluorescence in parallel lesional and non lesional skin samples of guttate psoriasis (PG) and psoriasis vulgaris (PV) in five male patients for each group (n=10). TLR7 expression was detected throughout all the epidermal compartment in PV samples, while in PG skin was restricted to the granular layer. TLR9 was present in the granular layer of non lesional skin and in the suprabasal layers of PV/PG lesional skin. Cell proliferation was localized in all the epidermal layers in lesional PG and PV, consistently with the immunopositivity for the “psoriatic keratin” K16. In the suprabasal layers of lesional PG and PV skin, a similar K17 expression was detected and K10 exhibited a patchy distribution. The present results suggest that TLR7 expression can be considered an intrinsic and differential histomorphological feature of PV.
Ototoxicity: A review of South African studies
Authors: Moodley Selvarani , Storbeck Claudine , Gama Nomthandazo
Published: March 2021

Background: Ototoxicity is damage to cells in the inner ear after administering a toxic drug, with a resultant hearing loss. Drugs used to treat illnesses such as cancer, tuberculosis, human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and infections are potentially ototoxic. South Africa has one of the highest rates of HIV and tuberculosis, and thus a potentially greater degree of the population is being affected by hearing loss from the medications used to treat these illnesses.Methods: To determine the current status of research in ototoxicity, a systematic literature review was carried out to determine the focus areas of South African studies for the period 1989–2019. From the database search engines used (Science Direct, Ebscohost and Proquest), a total of 33 relevant articles were identified, including the themes of pharmacology, audiology and knowledge.Results: Studies were conducted in the three most resourced provinces in South Africa. Findings indicate that there is a need for educating doctors regarding ototoxicity and a delineation of the role of the audiologist in monitoring and management of ototoxic hearing loss. There is a resultant need for audiology training on the pharmacology of ototoxic medication, otoprotective strategies and adherence to recommended guidelines. This has implications for university audiology training programmes and curriculum planning. The need for development of South Africa-specific audiology guidelines was highlighted.Conclusion: Whilst it is noted that there is a lack of resources for effective implementation of ototoxicity-monitoring protocols, it is also noted that there are measures and otoprotective strategies that can be put in place without additional resources.
Prevalence and mortality of lung comorbidities among patients with COVID-19
Authors: Alkhathami Mohammed G. , Advani Shailesh M. , Abalkhail Adil A. , Alkhathami Fahad M. , Alshehri Mohammed K. , Albeashy Ebtisam E. , Alsalamah Jihad A.
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 infections are seen across all age groups, but they have shown to have a predisposition for the elderly and those with underlying comorbidities. Patients with severe COVID-19 infections and comorbidities are more prone to respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilator use, and ultimately succumb to these complications. Little evidence exists of the prevalence of underlying lung comorbidities among COVID-19 patients and associated mortality. We performed a systematic review of the literature including PubMed (Medline), Embase (Ovid), Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. The last date for our search was April 29, 2020. We included all original research articles on COVID-19 and calculated prevalence of chronic lung disease patients among COVID-19 patients using random effects model. Further, we assessed for mortality rates among COVID-19 patients associated with these lung comorbidities. The authors identified 29 articles that reported prevalence of chronic lung conditions among COVID-19 patients. Among those, 26 were from China and 3 from the United States. The pooled prevalence of lung comorbidities including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer was 3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0%–14%), 2.2% (95% CI = 0.02%–0.03%), and 2.1% (95% CI = 0.00%–0.21%), respectively. Mortality rates associated with these comorbidities was 30% (41/137) for COPD and 19% (7/37) for lung cancer respectively. No mortality rates were reported for patients with asthma. This study offers latest evidence of prevalence of chronic lung conditions among patients with COVID-19. Asthma, followed by COPD and lung cancer, was the most common lung comorbidity associated with COVID-19, while the higher mortality rate was found in COPD. Future studies are needed to assess other lung comorbidities and associated mortality among patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Retrospective review analysis of COVID-19 patients co-infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Choubey Abhinav , Sagar Diaeddin , Cawley Philippa , Miller Katherine
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an extremely infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The outbreak of this virus has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. We have seen an unprecedented spread of this virus, leading to extreme pressure on health-care services. Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes atypical bacterial pneumonia and is known to co-infect patients with viral pneumonias.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, patients' data of 580 inpatients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were reviewed retrospectively over a 3-month period which included the the first peak of COVID-19 infections in the UK.

Results:

Eight patients with COVID-19 and M. pneumoniae coinfection were identified – four males and four females. All patients were Caucasian, with an age range of 44–89 years. 37.5% of patients were hypertensive, whereas 25% had Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dyspnea, cough, and pyrexia were found to be very common in these patients. Majority of the patients had abnormal C-reactive protein, lymphopenia, neutrophilia along with bilateral consolidation, and ground-glass opacities. Two patients required admission to intensive care, both of whom unfortunately died along with one patient receiving ward based care.

Conclusion:

Our confirmed the presence of co-infection with M. pneumoniae and describes the clinical features, investigation results, clinical course, and outcomes for these patients. Further research is needed to review the role of procalcitonin in excluding bacterial co-infection and to assess the impact of co-infection of patients with COVID-19 on morbidity and mortality.
Polycystic Renal Disease Presented by Anuria and Nephrolithiasis Associated Progressive Kidney Damage: A Case Report
Authors: KARACAKAYALILAR Müge , CANDAN Selman , ÇİÇEK Mehmet , YILDIZ Abdülmecit , KÖK Münevver İrem
Published: March 2021

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease. Kidney stones develop in 20-30% of patients with ADPKD.Hydronephrosis, which is the most valuable radiological finding in the diagnosis of stone-related postrenal insufficiency, may be difficult to differentiate from common cysts in ADPKD patients. When kidney dysfunction develops in ADPKD patients, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) loss reaches an average of 4.4 to 5.9 mL / min per year. Faster deterioration in these patients requires investigation for prerenal factors such as dehydration that triggers acute kidney damage or stone-related postrenal factors. In ADPKD, stone-related postrenal obstruction should be considered in rapid GFR losses despite negative ultrasound report for hydronephrosis as there is frequent occurrence of kidney stones and the difficulty in detecting hydronephrosis with ultrasonography (US) in these patients. Here, we present a case with ADPKD whose renal functions rapidly deteriorated while under chronic follow-up and renal function markers returned to the basal levels with the treatment of the underlying cause.
Fundic gland polyps in atypical view
Authors: TUNCEL Elif Tuğba , AYDIN Mesut , ERGİN Erhan
Published: March 2021

Gastric polyps; They are pedunculated or sessile lesions that project towards the lumen arising from the gastric epithelium or submucosa. It is mostly asymptomatic and is detected incidentally during endoscopy. In our clinic, gastric polypoid lesions detected in many different shapes and sizes on endoscopy were pathologically diagnosed as fundic gland polyps. We aimed to present this case, which is rare compared to the cases in the literature, because it is interesting.
An Unforgettable Pre-Diagnosis for an Elderly Patient with Renal Failure and Back Pain: Multiple Myeloma
Authors: ÜNAL ÇETİN Ece , ÇETİN Adil Uğur
Published: March 2021

Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease that can result in organ damage due to abnormal plasma cell growth and immunoglobulin or light chain overproduction in the bone marrow. It is the second most common hematologic cancer after lymphomas. Approximately half of the patients have kidney failure. Bone involvement is one of the most common organ damage in myeloma. Bone involvement is a feature that has diagnostic and prognostic value, shows tumor burden, organ damage, and affects the patient's quality of life. With the recent advances in Multiple Myeloma treatment, the survival of patients has increased dramatically. Although new agents contribute positively to total survival and disease-free life span, they cannot prevent disease recurrence. Therefore, it should be considered in patients with back pain, anemia, and kidney failure, and treatment delay should be avoided.
Osteosarcoma of rib treated with regorafenib: a case report
Authors: SAKAR Orkun , UÇARYILMAZ Cemre , ŞAHİN Ahmet Bilgehan , EVRENSEL Türkkan , GEBİTEKİN Cengiz
Published: March 2021

Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor in young adults presenting with back and chest pain complaints. Here, we presented a rare case of osteosarcoma.
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis with Sjogren Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: SEZEN Mehmet , YILDIZ Abdülmecit , DİLEK Kamil , GÜLLÜLÜ Mustafa , YAVUZ Mahmut , ORUÇ Ayşegül , AYDIN Mehmet Fethullah , ERSOY Alparslan
Published: March 2021

Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) is a chronic, slow-progressing, autoimmune and lymphoproliferative disease. The main symptoms of the syndrome are xerostomia and keratoconjuctivitis sicca as a result of chronic inflammatory infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis complicating primary Sjögren's syndrome is extremely rare. We report on a 39-year-old woman with 5 years history of sjogren syndrome who was found to have nephrotic syndrome. Histopathological findings in kidney biopsy compatible with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Steroid therapy was initiated (oral prednisolone at a dose of 15 mg/day) and Cyclosporine 2 * 100mg/d. FSGS, which is associated with sjögren's syndrome, was considered suitable for the presentation because of its rare occurrence
The two huge pulmonary hytadic cyst in the one lobe of lung: A case report
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Gökhan
Published: March 2021

The hydatid cysts disease is a parasitic cystic infection of the liver, lungs, and other organs, caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It is mostly seen in the sheep and cattle farms, which have poor health conditions. It is endemic in the eastern and southwestern regions of Türkiye. The big cysts that are seen in the lungs are called a huge pulmonary cyst. And it is a particular clinic situation. The symptoms of the disease are cough, chest pain, dyspnoea, hemoptysis, or allergic reactions. The hemoptysis could be seen when these cysts rupture. The use of anthelmintic drugs to treat the pulmonary hydatid cysts could cause cyst rupture. The surgery must be the first choice of treatment. In our case, we discussed the two huge pulmonary hydatid cysts in the upper left lobe of the lung which were treated with thoracotomy.
Kappa light chain myeloma: A case report
Authors: SEZEN Mehmet , AYTEKİN Muhammed Mesut , DİLEK Kamil , YILDIZ Abdülmecit , GÜLLÜLÜ Mustafa , YAVUZ Mahmut , ORUÇ Ayşegül , AYDIN Mehmet Fethullah , ERSOY Alparslan
Published: March 2021

Light chain myeloma nephropathy is the most common form of renal involvement in plasma cell dyscrasias. It usually causes tubulointerstitial renal damage. About one in five people with multiple myeloma produce only light chains. We report a case of lambda light chain deposition disease in a 61-year-old female who presented with acute renal failure . She is currently in partial remission following treatment with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and steroids.We present a case with rare kappa light chain myeloma with light chain deposition in renal tubules.
Intravascular Large B Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: VURAT ACAR Kübra , PINAR İbrahim Ethem , ERSAL Tuba , YALÇIN Cumali , ORHAN Bedrettin , CANDAR Ömer , OZKOCAMAN Vildan , ÖZKALEMKAŞ Fahir
Published: March 2021

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma is characterized by the infiltration of small vessels by lymphoid cells. These cells are not seen in the systemic circulation. Depending on the involvement location, it may present with different clinics such as central nervous system and skin involvement. Therefore, diagnosis may delay. Diagnosis is based on pathology. Herein we present a rare patient who initially presented with cellulitis and was ultimately diagnosed with Intravascular Large B Cell Lymphoma. With this case, we aim that lymphoma infiltration should be considered in skin lesions that are difficult to diagnose.
Bone Marrow Metastasis of Rhabdomyosarcoma Mimicking Acute Leukemia:A Case Report
Authors: ÇETİN Satı Burcu , PINAR İbrahim Ethem , ERSAL Tuba , YALÇIN Cumali , ORHAN Bedrettin , CANDAR Ömer , OZKOCAMAN Vildan , ÖZKALEMKAŞ Fahir
Published: March 2021

Rhabdomyosarcoma caused bone marrow metastasis cases are among the rarest cases reported in the literature. Similar to the cases reported in the literature, the clinical presentation of our patient mimicked acute leukemia, and the leukoerythroblastosis in the peripheral smear test and the cytopenia in the hemogram raised suspicion of hematological malignancy initially.1,2 The diagnosis made by immunohistochemical staining in biopsy. The primary tumor field could not be detected in the radiological imaging, and it was determined by rhinoscopy evaluation performed upon patient's anosmia and epistaxis complaints. Here, we reported a case in which we were diagnosed with acute leukemia at admission but later diagnosed as a primary malignancy that metastasized.
HIV Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Case Study
Authors: ADA Gül , YALÇIN Cumali , ORHAN Bedrettin , PINAR İbrahim Ethem , ERSAL Tuba , OZKOCAMAN Vildan , ÖZKALEMKAŞ Fahir , ALİ Rıdvan
Published: March 2021

Cranial imaging is vital in patients with complaints of sudden speech disorder, deterioration in performance status, urinary and fecal incontinence, and numbness in hands and feet. It provides an investigation of etiology and clarification of diagnosis. Hematological malignancies sometimes present with these symptoms and imaging may be the first method for diagnosis. In this case, we will present a patient diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma, who was found to be HIV-positive during follow-up, and who progressed early and died despite treatment.
Pectoral muscle hematoma as a complication of Covid-19 treatment: A Case Report
Authors: OKUTURLAR Yıldız , GÜRLEYİK Damla , RAMOĞLU Nur , GÜNDOĞDU Yasemin , KÖKSAL İftihar
Published: March 2021

In COVID-19 disease, the activation of the coagulation system is increasing. Here we presented a case of COVID-19 who developed a hematoma in the pectoral muscle possibly associated with anticoagulation therapy.
Digitalisation and Sustainable Work: obstacles and pathways
Authors: Jan Johansson Jan , Abrahamsson Lena
Published: March 2021

Work is a central part of our lives in many aspects. Half of our awake time is for most of us performed as paid work. At work, we create the values we need to live the life we desire. At work, we are socialized and shaped into the human beings we are. We are all concerned about how our work will be in the future; will we be able to handle the new technology or will we be replaced by a robot? Do we see the new technology as The wolf is coming or God's gift to mankind? This is an existential question and the future work is shaped here and now. This means that we need to get a picture of what is happening so we can act, but we also need a vision of where we want to go. Our mission as a researcher is to find the pathways to the Sustainable work, but in order to to find the way, we sometimes have to take on the role of the wolf and ask the uncomfortable questions.
Animal Communication and Human Language: An overview
Authors: Birchenall Leonardo Barón
Published: March 2021

Comparative research has proven to be a fruitful field of study on the ontogenetic and phylogenetic evolution of language, and on the cognitive capacities unique to humans or shared with other animals. The degree of continuity between components of human language and non-human animal communication systems, as well as the existence of a core factor of language, are polemic subjects at present. In this article, we offer an overview of the research on animal communication, comparing the resulting data with the current knowledge on human language development. We try to summarize what is currently known about “language abilities” in multiple animals, and compare those facts to what is known about human language. The aim of the article is to provide an introduction to this particular topic, presenting the different sides of the arguments when possible. A special reference is made to the question of syntactic recursion as the main component of language, allegedly absent among non-human animals. We conclude that the current state of knowledge supports the existence of a certain degree of continuity between different aspects of animal communication and human language, including the syntactic domain.
Lateralized Behavior of Bottlenose Dolphins Using an Underwater Maze
Authors: Clark Fay E. , Kuczaj II Stan A.
Published: March 2021

Behavior is lateralized when it is performed preferentially by one side of the body, and this phenomenon is seen across a wide range of vertebrate taxa. Furthermore the brain and body are contralateral in many animals, meaning that the left brain hemisphere most dominantly controls the right side of the body and vice versa. Lateralized behavior in humans and nonhuman primates reveals a population right-hand bias. Recent studies in primates have also begun to link differences in lateralized behavior to task complexity, and responses to novel versus familiar stimuli. Parallel research on cetaceans is sparse although evidence accrued over the last decade suggests captive dolphins have a preference for swimming counter-clockwise, a right-eye advantage in spatio-cognitive tasks and a right-eye preference for viewing novel objects, although this is the reverse of the general vertebrate pattern. Lateralized behavior was examined in a group of six male bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in response to a novel underwater maze, and compared to behavior during a baseline condition (no maze present). Dolphins were significantly more likely to swim counter-clockwise round their pool during both the baseline and maze condition, interpreted as a right eye bias. Swimming rotation was also weaker in dolphins during the maze condition, suggesting that the maze may have disrupted routine circular swimming behavior. There was no clear preference for using the left or right side of the maze, except in two high- using subjects with a strong right preference. Modifications and extensions to the methods are discussed.
Cyber Violence against Women and Girls in Nepal
Authors: Kaphle Poonam
Published: March 2021

Violence against women and girls in the virtual space is the emerging concern in the global context. With the growth in use of technologies and the internet, cyberspace has been an equally vulnerable area for violence targeted against women and girls as that of public space. With the rise in numbers of existing forms of violence, conceptual clarification on the dynamics of cyber based violence is a major need of time. Moreover, it has been an issue of immediate concern to assess the current situation of Nepal for the identification of policy and legal remedies. The present study attempts to identify the pattern and forms of cyber based violence against women and girls in Nepal through the study of registered cases in Cyber Crime Unit of Nepal Police and also, reflect on the nature of cases adjudicated by the Kathmandu District Court. In the absence of a clear legal framework and technical knowhow of cyber based crimes, law enforcement authorities have been constantly facing challenges to critically intervene the process and secure safe spaces for women and girls in use of technology. The study concludes that a coherent approach from all concerned stakeholders is required in defining a clear legal and policy framework to ensure use of information and technology as a tool of gender empowerment, thus addressing the crimes committed through cyberspace.
Plesiomonas shigelloides, a potential pathogen of enteritis in Ictalurus punctatus
Authors: Wang Huicong , Gu Ying , Zhou Huihua , Chen Jun , Wang Minghua , Jiang Hucheng , Cao Haipeng
Published: March 2021

Enteritis has resulted in large economic losses in channel catfish aquaculture. Yet only scarce information is available on Plesiomonas shigelloides as a causal agent for this disease. In this study, a virulent strain, temporarily named BD1, was isolated from diseased channel catfish suffering from enteritis, and was identified as P. shigelloides through molecular and phenotypic methods. A phylogenetic tree was also constructed to determine its taxonomic position. In addition, the BD1 isolate has developed multiple resistances to aminoglycosides, amphenicols, quinolones, tetracyclines and sulfonamides drugs for veterinary uses in aquaculture as revealed when screened against a range of common antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. shigelloides as a potential pathogen of enteritis in channel catfish.
EVALUATION OF TAXATION PROVISIONS ON TRANSACTIONS E-COMMERCE ON THE MARKETPLACE PLATFORM
Authors: Leonardo Posma , Tjen Christine
Published: March 2021

This research is based on the problem of the development of transactions e-commerce that do not necessarily boost state revenues from the taxation sector. The Directorate General of Taxation has made an affirmation regarding e-commerce by issuing SE-62 / PJ / 2013 dated December 27, 2013 concerning Affirmation of Provisions on Taxation of Transactions E-commerce, where transactions e-commerce are subject to the same tax as conventional business actors. This study aims to analyze the application of SE-62 / PJ / 2013 at PT Bukalapak.com and provide recommendations to PT Bukalapak.com related to the taxation aspect of transactions e-commerce. The object of the research is PT Bukalapak.com with the Tax Division as a unit of analysis. The research instrument uses interviews with PT Bukalapak.com and questionnaires to sellers who transact using the marketplace platform. The conclusion of the study is that PT Bukalapak.com does not implement or apply specific provisions for users of the Bukalapak application, this refers to the taxation system carried out in Indonesia, namely self assessment. Lack of tax knowledge on taxation obligations causes less success in maximizing tax payments on transactions e-commerce. PT Bukalapak.com has the initiative to become a partner of the taxation authority.
Trend of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Care For People Living with HIV and AIDS in Benue State, North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Samuel Olusegun Itodo , Adebayo Asalu , Olumuyiwa Onifade Emmanuel , Abi Innocent , Samuel Ali Agada , Olaide Aremu Stephen
Published: March 2021

This article reveals trend of HIV/AIDS in Benue State, north central, Nigeria. The method adopted was a descriptive analysis of the HIV epidemiology in Nigeria using Benue State as a case study. This review article was through the report of periodic epidemiological surveys of Antenatal Clinic (ANC) sentinel surveys, National HIV and AIDS and Reproductive Health Surveys (NARHS), Nigeria Demographic Health Surveys (NDHS), Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance Surveys (IBBSS), National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), United Nations Agency for AIDS (UNAIDS) and Benue State Agency for the Control of AIDS (BenSACA). This study reveals that, out of the current 1.9 million people representing 1.4% (15-49 years) living with HIV in Nigeria, Benue State accounts for 188,482 representing 4.9%. Thus, Benue State is now second as against the previous reports which have consistently placed Benue State as the state with highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria since the beginning of the pandemic in the country. The new prevalence estimates by states, however, still categorize Benue state and six other states with high prevalence of 2.0% and above. The national prevalence among females is significantly higher at an estimated 1.9% than the male prevalence estimated at 0.9%. In conclusion, the effort of peer educator trainers, awareness of HIV/AIDS on radio and television programs and efforts of other stake holders who are working towards ending the AIDS epidemic have been the secret behind the compliance of Benue people towards spreading news of AIDS not the virus. However, much still need to be done to consolidate on this success.
FAÇADES
Authors: Bilow Marcel , Klein Tillmann , Knaack Ulrich
Published: March 2021

Façade technology of the 20th century is related to the dissolution of the massive wall into a separation of structure and façade. Looking at the development of façade technology, after 60 years of curtain wall systems, 30 years of element-façade systems and ten years of experience with the integration of environmental services in double façades, it can be concluded that the peak of optimisation has been reached. No further technical developments can be expected by continuing to apply extra layers for each additional technical function. Understanding façades - or better envelopes - as part of an integral building, we have to see that creating the future envelope has to be done on a ’network’ basis: employing systems - but also methods of thinking - which provide the possibility to develop different aspects simultaneously and combine them as required. The envelope has to be seen as a functional part of the entire building, serving a part of the demand by providing the necessary technologies and qualities. In this regard, we have to withdraw from material and structure-orientated thinking and construction – we have to develop the envelope as a hybrid system: materials, technologies and production processes have to be integrated into the summation and combined into an all-encompassing result. Façades comprise various themes covering strategic, material and technological developments. Aspects such as function integration, networking of elements, new structures and materials as well as the addition of functions to existing structures will be investigated and explained in 85 or so concrete ideas.
Discussion on AC Corrosion Rate Assessment and Mechanism for Cathodically Protected Pipelines
Authors: Du Yanxia , Liang Yi , Tang Dezhi , Xie Sili
Published: March 2021

Although a lot of AC corrosion failure cases and research work on cathodically protected pipelines have been reported, the mechanism of the AC corrosion process has not been completely understood, and there still exist many debates on AC corrosion assessment criteria under cathodic protection (CP), especially under a high CP level. AC corrosion simulation experiments in three kinds of environments were conducted to study the AC corrosion behavior under different conditions. Based on the AC corrosion rates and the corresponding AC current densities, DC IR-free potentials, and DC current densities, the AC corrosion rate assessment diagrams were presented and the threshold values for AC and DC parameters corresponding to certain corrosion rates were determined in three studied environments. Besides, the AC corrosion morphologies, products, local environment parameters, and electrochemical characteristics were measured and analyzed under the combined effects of AC and CP. The effect of hydrogen evolution reaction on the AC corrosion process under a high CP level was discussed based on the electrical equivalent circuit model at the steel/electrolyte interface, the dynamic electrochemical reaction process, and the change of local environment close to the specimen surface.
Correlation between Body Mass Index and Radiation Dose in Patients Undergoing Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Ozdemir Savas , Roura Daniel , Klassen Christopher
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: Radiation dose is an important factor in performing a coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA).

Objective: To assess the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and radiation dose in patients receiving a Coronary CTA.

Methods: All retrospectively EKG gated coronary CTA studies using a 64 slice CT in patients above 18 years old, during a one-year time period were included in the study. The data was obtained by a query of the PACS system. Sixteen of the total 75 subjects were excluded due to lack of BMI or Dose length product (DLP) data or the CTA deviated from standard protocol. Seven of these patients were specifically excluded by using an x-ray tube voltage other than the standard 120 kVp. For the remaining 52 subjects, correlation and linear regression statistical analysis was used to analyze the relationship between BMI and DLP. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated using Microsoft Excel.
Results: There was a weak correlation between the BMI and DLP with a coefficient of determination value of 0.0217.

Conclusion: When appropriate criteria exist for obtaining a coronary CTA, a high BMI should not deter ordering based only on high radiation dose concerns since correlation between BMI and DLP is weak.
Loss and Grief Following COVID‑19: Another Pandemic?
Authors: Miranda Joana , Figueiredo Inês Carmo , Santos Silva Luís
Published: March 2021

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The Use of Data Visualizations for Analyzing Social Trends
Authors: Schaefer Richard
Published: March 2021

This essay posits that now is a particularly propitious time for the development and use of data visualization as a means for communicating abstract baseline information about society’s complex institutions, organizations, and social structures. It reviews recent developments in off- the-shelf visualization software and describes supporting literature and tutorials. Finally, it presents some of the ethical dilemmas and constraints confronting visualization producers.
Hey, Nice Run!: Exploring Factors Related to Exercise, Self-Monitoring and Motives for Exercise App Use
Authors: Fuller Michael , Atkin David , McGloin Rory , Embacher Kimberly
Published: March 2021

The present study tests a multifaceted model that explains exercise app use motives in relation to uses and gratifications as well as emotional and social support factors. A hybrid model based on Uses and Gratifications theory and self-efficacy perspectives was used to examine exercise app use. Gratifications for competition, self-monitoring, and informational and emotional social support were modeled. Structural equation modeling results provide qualified support for a comprehensive path model identifying the role of self-monitoring and personal goal achievement in smartphone exercise app use. The predicted roles for personal goal achievement and exercise app use received support, with personal goal achievement predicting exercise app use. These findings may contribute to the health communication literature through the creation and validation of self-monitoring and exercise app self-efficacy scales.
Motivating Online Social Support Provision to Patients with Complex Chronic Diseases: A Technological-Affordance Approach
Authors: Yang Fan
Published: March 2021

This study examines the topic of motivating social support provision for patients with complex chronic diseases (CCD) from a technological- affordance approach. Utilizing an online survey (N = 281) of patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), this study shows that certain technological affordances of computer-mediated technologies could trigger psychological reactions, which then drive social support provision for IBS patients in online health communities. Community building significantly promotes support provision by enhancing one’s sense of community, and so does agency building via improving one’s self-agency. In addition, browsing significantly promotes social support provision as individuals are more likely to be exposed to emotional support-seeking messages when technology allows users to freely move through and obtain information. As a result, they are more inclined to offer support in response. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
KAJIAN HISTORIS-KRITIS TENTANG PENCOBAAN DALAM YAKOBUS 1:12-18 DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA BAGI JEMAAT GMIM SYALOOM TOMPASOBARU DUA
Authors: Monding Yushiko Deasy
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning of temptation in James 1: 12-18 and its implementation for the GMIM Syaloom Tompasobaru Dua Church. This research is a descriptive qualitative research based on observation and interviews. Whereas for text research uses a literary study approach, especially historical criticism. From the results of the text research it is found that James's main advice emphasizes the Jewish Christian community to be happy, rejoice and even become a person who endures trials when facing trials without blaming God with the trials experienced by them . This is similar to what happened at the GMIM Syaloom Tompasobaru Church, which still understands trials not from the positive side.
COVID-19 and vitamin D supplementation: Is there any evidence based to reduce the risk?
Authors: Chentouf Amina
Published: March 2021

Several studies and meta-analysis suggest that vitamin D deficiency constitutes a risk factor for acute respiratory infections while supplementation may
reduce this risk. Given the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and improvement of the
prognosis of affected patients has been suggested by some studies and refuted by others. Through this article, we report the mechanisms of action and
properties of vitamin D, and we discuss the different hypotheses of the involvement of vitamin D in respiratory infections, especially COVID-19 in the
light of the most recent published data.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vitamin D deficiency, Vitamin D supplementation, 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Dietary behaviors, food accessibility, and handling practices during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Benin
Authors: Tougan Polycarpe Ulbad , Yayi-Ladekan Eléonore , Imorou-Toko Ibrahim , Guidime Detondji Camille , Thewis André
Published: March 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is already affecting all food systems in sub-Saharan Africa including Benin. Aim: The study aimed to determine the dietary behaviors, food accessibility, and handling practices during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Benin and the relationship between these components. Methods: A survey was carried out with 600 respondents in Benin. Data collected were analyzed using SAS and R statistical software. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on the characteristics of the households and their food access, utilization, and handling practices on the most significant components of AFC was then performed. Results: It comes out from the study that hunger and food security levels from 2000 to 2019 in Benin remain unsatisfying and inadequate. This situation had been exacerbated by the new coronavirus pandemic. About food access during COVID-19, 80% of respondents found that their dietary needs had been challenged by the COVID-19 restriction measures. This challenge affects infants as well as children, pregnant women, breastfeeding women, elderly people, and people with a chronic disease. Overall, the price of the food products had increased on the local market, and this change in the price limit the ability of 80% of households to acquire sufficient and safe food. The factorial correspondence analysis of the dietary behaviors and food handling practices during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Benin discriminated three groups of households corresponding to 3 types of dietary behaviors and food handling practices. Conclusion: Preservation of food values chain, improvement of food environment in Benin, and nutritional support of low-resilient populations should be the main way to mitigate impacts of COVID-19 on food security, nutrition, and food safety.
Keywords: Benin, dietary behaviors, food access, hygiene, SARS-CoV-2.
Especialização primária como limite ao desenvolvimento
Authors: Costa Delgado Guilherme
Published: March 2021

Este artigo analisa a especialização primária do comércio exterior brasileiro nos anos 2000, articulada como política, em resposta ao desequilíbrio estrutural das transações externas, especialmente dos ‘Serviços’ e da ‘Indústria de Transformação’. Conquanto conjunturalmente compensatória, a especialização primária das exportações não resolve a dependência externa e agrava a situação deficitária dos demais setores. Esse modelo de inserção externa, fortemente apoiado em produtividade de recursos naturais (no comércio externo) e captura de renda fundiária (pelos proprietários de recursos naturais), contem sérios limites ao desenvolvimento. Produção e repartição do excedente econômico, em tais condições, provocam armadilhas produtivas (super exploração de recursos naturais) e distributivas (concentração da riqueza fundiária), de sorte a constranger o crescimento econômico à reprodução de padrões de sub-desenvolvimento.
Miocardiopatía Restrictiva: Presentación de un caso en pediatría
Authors: Flores Delgado Mayte del Carmen , Reinoso David , Pazmiño Miranda Ana María
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La miocardiopatía restrictiva (MR) es una entidad poco frecuente y de mal pronóstico en pacientes pediátricos. Se considera la variante menos habitual dentro de las miocardiopatías y en la mayoría de los casos su etiología es desconocida. Tiene un pronóstico grave, salvo que pueda llevarse a cabo un trasplante cardíaco.
Caso: Niño de 1 año de edad, con antecedentes de infecciones respiratorias y disnea con la succión del seno materno. Fue ingresado con disnea, cianosis y edema. Al examen físico se describe la presencia de un soplo sistólico grado IV/VI en el borde esternal izquierdo. La frecuencia respiratoria de 60 por minuto, con presencia de tiraje intercostal, subcostal y supraesternal. Con hepatomegalia.
Evolución: Laboratorios: presencia de leucocitosis y anemia normocítica normocrómica. En la Rx de tórax cardiomegalia grado IV. En ecocardiograma crecimiento auricular, presencia de foramen oval permeable. La función sistólica conservada con un patrón de relajación restrictivo e hipertensión pulmonar (47 mmHg). La resonancia magnética de corazón reveló el crecimiento de cavidades auriculares; con espesor del miocardio normal. Se manejó como miocardiopatía restrictiva, con furosemida, espironolactona y antiagregantes plaquetarios. Se dio el alta con iguales indicaciones a consulta externa.
Conclusión: Los estudios de gabinete como la radiografía y el electrocardiograma pueden arrojar datos importantes para el diagnóstico. El ecocardiograma sigue siendo el mejor estudio para el diagnóstico. El uso de mediciones funcionales como doppler tisular puede ayudar a evidenciar falla diastólica temprana.
Imagem corporal e autoestima em homens estudantes universitários
Authors: Mendes José , Amaral Fátima , Moniz Cátia , Câmara Samanta , Medeiros Teresa
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: O presente estudo, pretende avaliar diferenças e possíveis relações entre o grau de (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal, índice de massa corporal, autoestima, classificação académica, prática de exercício físico e grau de satisfação com a vida académica numa amostra de estudantes do sexo masculino que frequentam o ensino superior. Método: Participaram 100 estudantes universitários do sexo masculino. Responderam às escalas da versão portuguesa, Rosenberg Self-Estime Scale (RSES), Male Body Attitude Scale Revised (MBAS-R) e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Resultados: Os instrumentos apresentam bons índices de consistência interna. Quase todos os participantes apresentam baixos graus de insatisfação com a imagem corporal e elevada autoestima. Somente se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a variável prática de exercício físico com a classificação académica e os variáveis graus de insatisfação com a imagem corporal e autoestima com a classificação do IMC. Conclusões: Existe uma relação moderada entre o grau de (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal com o IMC e a autoestima. Os participantes que praticam exercício físico apresentam maior classificação académica.
The Influence of Green Human Resource Practices on the Environmental Presentation in Malaysia: Mediating Role of Governmental Nationality Activities towards Situation
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Sajjad , Karamat Maryyam , Talha Muhammad Arif , Yousaf Waseem
Published: March 2021

The purpose associated with this article is to explore the links of green human resource practices (GHRP) such as green capabilities building performs, green inspiration attractive performs and green worker participation performs on the environmental presentation along with the mediating role of governmental nationality activities towards the situation (GNAS). The employees of environmental sustainability and human resource departments are the respondents. The data that they were provided through questionnaires are analyzed by PLS-SEM. The findings show that green capabilities building performs, and green worker participation performs have a positive association with the environmental presentation while green inspiration attractive performs has a negative association with the environmental presentation. The GNAS has positive mediation among the nexus of green capabilities building performs, green inspiration attractive performs, green worker participation performs and environmental presentation. These findings are suitable for the upcoming researchers along with the policymakers for exploring this area in the future along with the policy development on the environmental presentation and green HRM.
A Brief Review on Advantages of Nano-based Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Hami Zahra
Published: March 2021

Context: During the past two decades, the development of drug delivery systems based on nanomaterials has yielded nanocarriers for smart application in nanomedicine to treat diseases. Evidence Acquisition: The current review presents a summary of some advances in the development and application of nano-delivery systems for improving the efficacy of conventional drugs and reducing their adverse effects through the production of smart delivery carriers with targeting moieties and controlled release strategies used in therapy. The searches were conducted in ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases for relevant studies. Results: As reviewed in the present paper, the investigated targeted drug delivery systems have proven to be more effective than free drugs by enhancing efficacy and reducing the systemic toxicity of therapy. In addition, many studies have shown remarkable advantages of nanoscale drug delivery carriers regarding the possibility to improve properties such as solubility, stability, absorption, diffusivity, bioavailability, targeting, and controlled release of drugs. Conclusions: Despite many advantages of nanoscale drug delivery systems reported in the medical literature, deeper research about the composition, synthesis, characteristics, and clinical applications in this area is needed.