bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestational hypercholanemia suppresses pregnancy‐associated adipose mass increase and stimulates a pro‐inflammatory environment in mice
Authors: Nikolova Vanya , Mitchell Alice L. , Bellafante Elena , Jansen Eugene , Papacleovoulou Georgia , Bergh Per‐Olof , Marshall Hanns‐Ulrich , Williamson Catherine
Published: December 2024

Women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) have hypercholanemia alongside an increased risk of dyslipidemia. We investigated how cholic acid (CA) supplementation in murine pregnancy impacts adipose tissue function. Mice were fed normal or 0.5% CA‐supplemented chow from identification of copulatory plug until gestational day 14 or 15 (n = 10–11/group) and were matched experimentally with nonpregnant mice (n = 7/group). Tissue weights were measured alongside plasma bile acids, glucose, lipids, reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), and adipokines. Subcutaneous and gonadal adipocyte mRNA expression was evaluated. CA supplementation inhibited pregnancy‐associated adipose tissue expansion and decreased fetal weight. CA diet in pregnancy increased LDL‐cholesterol and reduced HDL‐cholesterol. Pregnancy and CA diet reduced lipid metabolism transcript expression in adipocytes. CA supplementation during pregnancy increased plasma ROM by 1.24‐fold and suppressed inflammatory‐modulating pentraxin‐2/3 and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) levels by >50% and >80%, respectively. Together, we show that hypercholanemia disturbs pregnancy‐associated adipose tissue expansion and mRNA expression in late gestation concomitant with reduced IGF‐1, altered lipid availability and increased inflammation and oxidation, which could impact fetal growth. This work highlights the need to better understand adipose tissue and redox stress changes in ICP pregnancies and the potential implications for fetal health.
An experimental investigation by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the study of mechanism of copper electrodeposition from an acidic bath
Authors: Parida Sudeshna , Mallik Archana
Published: December 2024

The mechanism of copper electrodeposition with varying potential investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been reported in this current study. The bath of the deposit has limited and unlimited supply of copper ions to the substrate by using two counter electrodes i.e., platinum (Pt) and copper (Cu) respectively. The electrodeposition of copper on graphite electrodes was investigated by utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), potentiostatic and EIS methods. On the Nyquist plots, copper ion charge transfer is represented by a single capacitive constant at high frequencies while copper ion diffusion from the solution to the electrode surface is represented by a Warburg-type contribution at low frequencies. The corresponding Bode plots represent a decent matching between the experimental and fitting data. The effect of potential on double-layer capacitance, diffusion coefficient, and diffusion layer thickness along the interface of electrode and electrolyte has been discussed extensively. The morphologies of the copper particles depositing on the surface of the electrode were also studied and it shows a transition from spherical to dendritic structure as a function of deposition potential.
Samuel Rutherford (1600–1661) and Adiaphora: The Regulative Principle of Worship and the Rule of Christ
Authors: Lee Jaekook
Published: December 2024

This paper explores seventeenth-century Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford’s (1600–1661) views on adiaphora and the regulative principle of worship (RPW). Rutherford criticised those who endorsed the authority of civil magistrates and church government to legislate ecclesiastical laws concerning indifferent matters in worship. Scholars have focussed on the RPW of the Westminster Standards, but the theological and philosophical controversies surrounding the RPW and its relationship with adiaphora in early modern Britain remain understudied. While the Scottish Presbyterian understanding of the RPW and its relationship with adiaphora has faced criticism for perceived inconsistency, this paper argues that Rutherford’s view on the RPW and adiaphora is coherent. It further asserts that Rutherford’s RPW and his notion of adiaphora were rooted in the Reformation emphasis on Scripture and grace given through Christ. Also, the study highlights that Rutherford’s RPW was supported by his Two Kingdoms doctrine, emphasising Christ’s evangelical rule in the Church.
“Capite nobis vulpes” (Song 2:15): The Struggle of Libertus Fromondus (1587–1653) with Leonardus Lessius’ Theological Legacy
Authors: De Preter Anton , François Wim
Published: December 2024

This essay takes its starting point in the critique the Leuven theologian Libertus Fromondus (1587–1653) formulated against the theological legacy of Leonardus Lessius (1554–1623) a quarter of a century after the Jesuit’s death. This criticism is part of the long-standing controversy that raged in the Leuven theological milieu between the professors of the University, on the one hand, and the Jesuits, on the other. The former, following the anti-Pelagian Augustine, stressed the overwhelming necessity of God’s grace for the salvation of humanity, fundamentally corrupted after the Fall, while the latter gave more space to the contribution of humans’ free will and agency in their attaining eternal salvation. This article first situates Fromondus’ engagement with Lessius’ theological legacy in the setting of this decades-long debate in the Leuven theological milieu from the sixteenth century onwards. It then focuses on how the controversy between the aforementioned key figures was reflected in their commentaries on three scriptural passages, specifically Song 5:2–6, Rom 8:29–32, and 1Tim 2:4–6. When relevant, we also include references to the Augustinus of Cornelius Jansenius “the younger” (1585–1638), Fromondus’ predecessor as Royal professor of Sacred Scripture in Leuven.
Effects of casting mold temperature on tensile properties of Pb–Sn–Ca alloys for negative grids of lead-acid batteries
Authors: Dzenzerskiy Victor Olexander , Tarasov Serhii Vasyl , Sukhova Olena Victor , Ivanov Volodymyr Anatoliy
Published: December 2024

In this work grain structure and tensile properties of as-cast and aged Pb–Sn–Ca alloys (with tin-to-calcium content ratio ranged from 2.6 to 3.3) used to produce negative grids for lead-acid batteries were determined. The microstructure of the alloys was studied by scanning microscopic and quantitative metallographic analyses. Mechanical properties in terms of ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation were estimated at room temperature using TIRAtest 2,300 universal testing machine. Based on the tensile test results, average stress-strain curves for aged Pb–Sn–Ca alloys were plotted for the subsequent age-strengthening analysis. The studies showed that the significant casting process parameter was the mold temperature that markedly affected grain structure of the alloys. With mold temperature rising from 60 °C to 170 °C, an average grain size was increased by as much as two-fold. As a result, elongation increased by 55 %, but ultimate tensile strength decreased by 25 %. Ageing time affected grain structure of the alloys to a much lesser degree since the change in average grain size was negligible. Strengthening occurred rapidly within first 3 days of ageing during storage at ambient temperature. With ageing time prolonged up to 35 days no appreciable differences in the tensile properties’ values were found.
Thermodynamic modeling, metallothermic synthesis, and characterization of ferrotitanium
Authors: Oncel Levent
Published: December 2024

Ferrotitanium is widely used in alloying stainless steels to enhance their strength, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance. Ferrotitanium’s advantages over pure titanium – such as better solubility in the liquid steel bath and lower cost – have made it the preferred choice in stainless steel alloying. In this study, it was aimed to produce ferrotitanium alloy through the metallothermic reduction of Fe2O3 and TiO2. The system’s thermodynamic modeling was performed using HSC Chemistry 6.12 and FactSage 7.1. The experimental studies investigated the effect of using aluminum as a reductant with varying stoichiometries on the total metal recovery yield, hardness, and microstructure. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and hardness measurement techniques were employed in characterization studies. The results of the experimental studies showed that the highest metal recovery yields were obtained with 105 % stoichiometric aluminum as 97.9 % for Fe and 100 % for Ti.
Government-Foundations Partnerships: Rationales and Influence on Policy
Authors: Feit Galia
Published: December 2024

This study explores the perceptions of senior professionals from government ministries and philanthropic foundations regarding the potential to influence public policies through regulated “joint venture” partnerships. Through interviews, the study highlights the reflections of these stakeholders on precautions to prevent disproportionate influence by philanthropic foundations. The findings indicate that both sectors recognize the complementary advantages each party brings to the partnership, including flexibility and innovation from foundations and the authority and resources of the government. However, the study also underscores the need for further research to clearly define and evaluate the concerns and boundaries for influence. By providing insights into the dynamics of these partnerships, the study contributes to understanding the balance of power and the mechanisms required to ensure ethical partnerships.
Sacrifice as Necessity and the Ascetic Principle of Filmmaking: Andrei Tarkovsky Reconsidered
Authors: Radovic Milja
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on sacrifice as a necessity and as an ascetic principle of the artistic process of creation. Examining the thought of Andrei Tarkovsky and the ways in which it manifests in his films, the article focuses on two concepts: ascetic iconography and sacrifice. In investigating the concept of sacrifice, not as intellectualised exercise but rather as a creative, authentic act, this article argues that sacrifice as necessity is an ascetic principle. This principle involves self-sacrificial life, which is visibly manifested through iconographic language, shaped by ascetic experience, whose final aim is to invite the observer into an active state-of-being (as being-with), the participation in historical–ontological reality in the eternal presence of God. The inverse perspective of ascetic language centralises the human being, one’s heart, as the foci point for metanoia – sacrifice – the circumcision. The transformation of the heart offers a radically new experience of reality and consequently humanity. A similar linguistic–experiential principle is applied in the film language of Andrei Tarkovsky whose originality, which though cannot be “decoded,” can be examined closer in the light of the ascetic iconographic tradition that moulded him, as well as his cultural context, influencing greatly the film language of many other notable film artists, including Sergei Eisenstein. For Andrei Tarkovsky (self) sacrifice was the only possible manifestation of ontological freedom, the state of joyful sorrow, in man’s striving for eternal love. Tarkovsky’s thought is inseparable from its iconographic tradition in the sense of “seeing the world by denying oneself.”
UMA ANÁLISE DAS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS VOLTADAS PARA ESTUDANTES COM DISLEXIA A PARTIR DE UMA REFLEXÃO CINEMATOGRÁFICA
Authors: Castro Mirela Lopes de , Cavalcante Tícia Cassiany Ferro , Alves Viviany Andrea Meireles
Published: December 2024

Este artigo trata de uma análise do filme “como estrelas na terra toda criança é especial”, a partir de uma reflexão sobre as práticas pedagógicas e o olhar de afetividade do professor voltadas para as crianças com dislexia, relacionando-se com o contexto educacional brasileiro. Apresentamos as práticas pedagógicas que Nikumbh, professor de Ishaan utiliza com o menino, trazendo a relevância de práticas específicas para as crianças com dislexia. Destacamos que a temática dislexia precisa ser amplamente discutida no âmbito educacional, para que comece a existir um olhar mais atento as especificidades desse público.
AUDIODESCRIÇÃO COMO TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA PARA A ACESSIBILIDADE COMUNICACIONAL EM UM EVENTO VIRTUAL SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Tavares Perdigão Luciana , Vieira Monteiro Felipe , Mascarenhas Fernandes Ediclea
Published: December 2024

Este relato apresenta as etapas da produção da audiodescrição, a importância da consultoria de uma pessoa com deficiência visual e a dinâmica da comissão de acessibilidade da 14a Reunião da ANPEd – Sudeste - Direito à vida, direito à educação em tempos de pandemia. A metodologia descritiva identificou as necessidades de adaptação dos instrumentos de divulgação e realização do evento, tais como a acessibilização do site e dos vídeos de divulgação, além dos cards informativos e das capas dos livros para o lançamento. Consideramos que trabalhar com os recursos de acessibilidade desde o planejamento do evento é um avanço rumo à inclusão de pessoas com deficiência.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A ESCRITA AUTORAL ACADÊMICA
Authors: Dutra Leandro Barreto , Antonia Leonel de Moraes Martines Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

O objetivo é repensar a questão autoral nas produções acadêmicas e de nós mesmos e para tal fez-se uso da escrita ensaísta na política da narratividade. Foi produzido um conceito-abrigo temporário que se denominou de: antropofagia endossimbiótica baseando-se no conceito antropofágico social alinhavado à endossimbiose biológica. Espera-se ter acrescentado linhas no tecido teórico produzido junto à comunidade científica como também provocado outras reflexões para novas e pujantes pesquisas.
Convergence of Type 1 Spiral Ganglion Neuron Subtypes onto Principal Neurons of the Anteroventral Cochlear Nucleus
Authors: Wong Nicole F. , Brongo Sydney E. , Forero Evan A. , Sun Shuohao , Cook Connor J. , Lauer Amanda M. , Müller Ulrich , Xu-Friedman Matthew A.
Published: December 2024

The mammalian auditory system encodes sounds with subtypes of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) that differ in sound level sensitivity, permitting discrimination across a wide range of levels. Recent work suggests the physiologically defined SGN subtypes correspond to at least three molecular subtypes. It is not known how information from the different subtypes converges within the cochlear nucleus. We examined this issue using transgenic mice of both sexes that express Cre recombinase in SGNs that are positive for markers of two subtypes: CALB2 (calretinin) in type 1a SGNs and LYPD1 in type 1c SGNs, which correspond to high- and low-sensitivity subtypes, respectively. We crossed these with mice expressing floxed channelrhodopsin, which allowed specific activation of axons from type 1a or 1c SGNs using optogenetics. We made voltage-clamp recordings from bushy cells in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) and found that the synapses formed by CALB2- and LYPD1-positive SGNs had similar EPSC amplitudes and short-term plasticity. Immunohistochemistry revealed that individual bushy cells receive a mix of 1a, 1b, and 1c synapses with VGluT1-positive puncta of similar sizes. We used optogenetic stimulation during in vivo recordings to classify chopper and primary-like units as receiving versus nonreceiving 1a- or 1c-type inputs. These groups showed no significant difference in threshold or spontaneous rate, suggesting the subtypes do not segregate into distinct processing streams in the AVCN. Our results indicate that principal cells in the AVCN integrate information from all SGN subtypes with extensive convergence, which could optimize sound encoding across a large dynamic range.
Working memory updating in the macaque lateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: Qian Yichen , Herikstad Roger , Libedinsky Camilo
Published: December 2024

Working memory updating is an important executive process. Here, we study the single-neuron mechanisms involved in updating versus protecting memory from distractors in the macaque prefrontal cortex. We recorded single-neuron activity from the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and prearcuate cortex (PAC) while male monkeys performed a task that required them to update their memory of target locations while ignoring distractors. Our findings revealed that neurons in the PAC signaled updated memory locations approximately ∼100 ms after stimulus onset, significantly faster than the ∼400 ms observed in the LPFC. Additionally, PAC neurons exhibited longer encoding of distractor information. Population decoding analyses further indicated that distractor information was maintained in orthogonal subspaces from target information in both regions, minimizing interference. These results demonstrate the distinct temporal dynamics in memory updating processes between the PAC and LPFC and highlight the interplay between robust memory maintenance and updating, suggesting that local neural mechanisms may contribute to these processes.

Significance StatementWorking memory is a fundamental cognitive function. It stored information in the short term, and this information can be manipulated to allow intelligent behaviors. The lateral prefrontal cortex is involved in this process, but the mechanisms of working memory manipulation remain unclear. Here, we studied one type of manipulation; working memory updating, which refers to the exchange of one memory for another. We found that two adjacent regions in the lateral prefrontal cortex show different updating times: while a posterior region updates memory content very fast, the more anterior region takes significantly longer. These results show that working memory updating may involve multiple operations, such as updating of memory or attention versus updating of motor plans.
KLASİK TÜRK EDEBİYATINDA KULLANILAN YA TAHT OLA YA BAHT ve TAHTA KAKMAK DEYİMLERİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: Büyüker Güngör Nilgün
Published: December 2024

Türkçenin en uzun ve sahip olduğu malzeme bakımından en zengin dönemi Osmanlı Türkçesi olmasına rağmen bu dönem içerisinde Türkçe söz varlığını ortaya koyan, dildeki değişim ve gelişimlerin izlenebileceği bir Türkçe sözlük çalışması bulunmamaktadır. Bu döneme ilişkin filoloji çalışmalarında başvurulan eserlerin başında Batılı bilim/ devlet adamlarınca Batı dillerinde hazırlanan birkaç gramer-sözlük kitabıyla 19. yüzyıl ve sonrasında hazırlanan Türkçe sözlükler gelmektedir. Ancak bu kaynaklar da klasik Türk edebiyatı metinlerinin anlaşılması ve anlamlandırılmasında çoğu kez yetersiz kalmaktadır. İşte tam bu noktada sözcüklerin metin içinde kullanımını ve kazandığı anlam katmanlarını inceleyen çalışmalar kurtarıcı olabilmektedir. Son yıllarda sözcüğün metin-bağlam ekseninde sahip olduğu veya kazandığı anlamları konu alan makale, kitap, tez, sözlük gibi çalışmaların, elektronik ortamda yürütülen projelerin bu boşluğun kapatılmasındaki katkıları yadsınamaz. Bu makalede de günümüz Türkçesinde kullanımdan düşen ancak Osmanlı dönemi edebî ve tarihî metinlerinde yer aldığı tespit edilen iki deyim üzerinde durulmuştur: 1. Yā taĥt ola yā baĥt [ola]!” 2. “Taģta ķaķ-”. Farsça ve Arapça sözlüklerde bulunan bilgilerden hareketle deyimlere karşılık verilmeye çalışılmış, farklı şair ve müelliflerden tespit edilen metin örnekleriyle deyimlerin anlamı belirginleştirilmiştir.
ARÛZ TASARRUFLARI BAĞLAMINDA ÜÇ MUSAMMAT ÜÇ PADİŞAH ŞAİR (UYGULAMA, İSTATİSTİK, KARŞILAŞTIRMA)
Authors: Bayram Yavuz
Published: December 2024

Bu makalede inceleme konusu yapılan şiirler, 15 ve 16.yüzyıllarda yaşamış üç padişah şairden seçilmiştir. Makale; biri muhammes, ikisi murabba olmak üzere üç şiirdeki arûz uygulamalarına dayanmaktadır. Söz konusu şiirlerden muhammesin şairi, Avnî mahlaslı Fatih Sultan Mehmed’dir. Murabbalardan birinin şairi Adlî mahlaslı Sultan İkinci Bâyezîd ve diğerinin şairi Muhibbî mahlaslı Kânûnî Sultan Süleymân’dır. Makale kapsamında önce şiirler orijinal metinleri dikkate alınarak çeviri yazılı olarak verilmiştir. Daha sonra şiirlerin metinleri, biçimsel olarak arûz açısından incelemeye hazır hâle getirilmiştir. Ardından şiirlerin metinleri hece hece incelenmiş ve şairlerin vezni tutturabilmek için ne tür müdahaleler ve hamleler yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu müdahaleler ve hamleler hem nicel hem de nitel açıdan değerlendirilip karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu sayede şairlerin arûz bağlamında hangi uygulamalara ve tasarruflara hangi oranda başvurdukları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca elde edilen veriler üzerinden şairlerin arûz bağlamındaki başarı düzeylerine dair karşılaştırma ve değerlendirmelerin de yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda şairlerin en çok vasla, ardından imâleye ve medde başvurdukları görülmüştür. Bunların ardından tahfîf, sekt ve sesliden sesliye vasl gelmektedir. Şairler zihafa ise istisna düzeyinde az yer vermişlerdir. Az çok arûz hatası sayılabilecek uygulamalara ilişkin veriler dikkate alındığında, aralarında önemli farklılıklar bulunmamakla birlikte, inceleme konusu yapılan üç musammat bağlamında metne en az müdahale eden şairin Avnî olduğu görülmektedir. Ardından Muhibbî ve Adlî gelmektedir. Veriler ışığında şairlerin her bir mısrada ortalama üç buçuk kez metne müdahale ettikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Sonuçta üç padişah şairin de arûzu doğru kullanma açısından en kötü senaryoda % 90, en iyi senaryoda ise % 98 civarında başarılı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
KALB SANATI EKSENİNDE NÂBÎ’NİN BOZUNTUSUDUR REDİFLİ GAZELLERİNE YAZILAN NAZİRELER
Authors: Kaya Hasan
Published: December 2024

17. yüzyılda hikemi tarzın temsilcisi Nâbî’nin (ö. 1712) Divan’ında “bozundısıdur” redifli iki gazel yer almaktadır. İlki 9, ikincisi 10 beyitlik bu gazellerin bütün beyitlerinde kalb sanatına başvurulması bu şiirleri özel hâle getirmiştir. Nâbî ilk gazelinin her mısraında kalb sanatına başvururken ikinci gazelinin matla beytinin iki mısraında bu sanata başvurmuş, takip eden beyitlerin sadece ikinci mısralarında kalb yapmıştır. Tespitlerimize göre bu redifle yazılan ilk şiir Nâbî’ye aittir. Yine tespitlerimize göre Nâbî’den sonra ona nazire olarak bu redif 6 şair tarafından kullanılmıştır. Nazire yazan şairler de Nâbî’nin ikinci gazelinde kullandığı yöntemi benimsemiş ve şiirlerinin matla beyitlerinin her iki mısraında ve takip eden beyitlerin ikinci mısralarında kalb sanatına başvurmuşlardır. Bunlar Halebli Edîb (ö. 1748?), Hâzık Mehmed (ö. 1763), Dâniş (ö. 1775), Sermed (ö. 1787), Diyarbakırlı Azmî (ö. 1831) ve Nâfi’dir (ö. 1849/50). Bunlar arasında Dâniş üç naziresiyle dikkat çeker. Böylece Nâbî’ye nazire olduğu değerlendirilen şiir sayısı 8 olmaktadır. Bu şiirlerin hepsinde Nâbî’nin şiirinde kullanılan “mefâ‘ilün fe‘ilâtün mefâ‘ilün fe‘ilün” kalıbı tercih edilmiştir. Nâbî ile redif ortaklığı taşıyan bu şiirlerde Dâniş dışındaki diğer şairler kafiyede kalb sanatının imkânları çerçevesinde farklı kafiyelere yönelmiştir. Nâbî şiirinde kalb sanatı için tercih ettiği “bozuntu” kelimesini farklı anlamlara gelebilecek şekilde eleştirel bir anlam yükleyerek çok anlamlılık bağlamında kullanmış, onu takip eden şairler de benzer bir yol izlemiştir. Bu çalışmada zemin (model) şiir olarak değerlendirdiğimiz Nâbî’nin iki gazeli ve Nâbî’ye nazire olarak yazıldığı tespit edilen 6 şaire ait 8 şiir kronolojik olarak verilmiş ve kalb sanatı ekseninde kısa değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
CONTRIBUCIONES DE LA ESPAÑA INTERIOR A LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS HOSPITALARIAS DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: García-Lozano Rafael Ángel
Published: December 2024

Para comprender de forma más integral el desarrollo de la sanidad en España resulta decisivo acercarnos a los equipamientos sanitarios construidos en la última etapa de nuestra historia, singularmente durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, y más alejados de las grandes capitales. A pesar de su relativa modestia, estos centros hospitalarios,  tuvieron una relevancia decisiva en las zonas más apartadas de los núcleos de investigación y desenvolvimiento de la medicina y la ciencia españolas, especialmente en las regiones menos desarrolladas. Junto a los medios aportados por el Sistema Nacional de Salud, la contribución de las Diputaciones en cuanto a infraestructuras hospitalarias consiguió garantizar una cobertura prácticamente universal a los ciudadanos de estos territorios, no obstante la cierta contención formal y dotacional de sus edificios. Atentemos al caso de Zamora como ejemplo de las moderadas aportaciones de la España interior. Para ello recurrimos al estudio de la documentación producida por órganos del ministerio gubernamental y la propia Diputación provincial, así como al análisis de los distintos proyectos arquitectónicos del hospital promovido por la corporación en la década de los 60. Abordamos así la respuesta contextualizada de esta dotación hospitalaria, incorporada posteriormente al sistema sanitario autonómico, hasta su derribo en 2015.
Ad-hoc-Publizität bei zeitlich gestreckten Vorgängen nach der VO (EU) 2024/2809 (Listing Act-VO)
Authors: Sajnovits Alexander
Published: December 2024

Die am 4. Dezember 2024 in Kraft getretene Verordnung (EU) 2024/2809 (Listing Act-VO) reformiert das Ad-hoc-Publizitätsregime der Marktmissbrauchsverordnung (Market Abuse Regulation – MAR) für Zwischenschritte in zeitlich gestreckten Vorgängen mit Wirkung zum 5. Juni 2026 grundlegend. Der Beitrag analysiert die durch die Listing Act-VO eingeführten Neuerungen der Ad-hoc-Publizität bei solchen Vorgängen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Einführung einer Ausnahme von der Veröffentlichungspflicht für Zwischenschritte zugunsten einer neuen Geheimhaltungspflicht sowie die damit einhergehende partielle Entkopplung von Insiderrecht und Ad-hoc-Publizität. Der Beitrag untersucht, ob die Reform die Zielkonflikte zwischen Marktpreiseffizienz und der Prävention von Insiderhandel auflöst und ob die angestrebte Entlastung der Emittenten tatsächlich realisiert werden kann.
Studienfinanzierung durch Bildungsfonds – Rechtsformfragen und Refinanzierung
Authors: Möller Matthias , Vogel Hans-Gert
Published: December 2024

Neben der staatlichen Förderung nach dem BAföG haben unter den studentischen Geldquellen in den letzten Jahren auch herkömmliche Studienkredite, wie sie etwa von der Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW), den Darlehenskassen einzelner Studierendenwerke oder gewerblichen Kreditinstituten vergeben werden, an Bedeutung verloren (vgl. dazu etwa Studie des CHE, Studienfinanzierung in Deutschland 2022). Die entstehende Lücke in der externen Finanzierung Studierender in Deutschland wird zunehmend durch Studienfinanzierungsverträge sog. Bildungsfonds geschlossen. Deren Geschäftsmodell, das inzwischen auch auf das Interesse der gewerblichen Kreditwirtschaft stößt, besteht nicht in der Vergabe von Gelddarlehen an Studierende, sondern in deren Förderung durch laufende Zahlungen und sonstige (immaterielle) Unterstützungsleistungen während ihrer akademischen Ausbildung. Basierend auf dem Prinzip einer Solidargemeinschaft der Geförderten, leisten diese nach Abschluss ihres Studiums und erfolgreichem Berufseinstieg während einer bestimmten und im Voraus definierten Zeitspanne „Rückzahlungen“ in Höhe eines bestimmten Prozentsatzes ihres Bruttoeinkommens, sofern dieses einen bestimmten Mindestbetrag übersteigt. Während die zivil- und aufsichtsrechtliche Beurteilung entsprechender Studienfinanzierungsverträge Gegenstand eines früheren Beitrags der Verfasser in dieser Zeitschrift waren (ZBB 2024, 194 ff.), befasst sich der nachstehende Aufsatz mit Fragen der Rechtsform und Organisationsstruktur von Bildungsfonds sowie mit der Refinanzierung ihres (Aktiv-) Geschäfts am Kapitalmarkt.
From evaluative to deontic predication: Evidence for the grammaticalization path from clausal complementation strategies
Authors: Holvoet Axel
Published: December 2024

A shift from evaluation (‘it is good, fitting’, etc.) to deontic modality is well known from the literature on grammaticalization. This article looks at it from the viewpoint of complementation. In Lithuanian, a complementation strategy characteristic of evaluative predicates has been carried over to deontic contexts. The complementation strategy referred to consists in the reuse of an originally conditional adverbial clause structure with evaluative predicates as a means of avoiding the factive implication usually associated with evaluatives (cf. it is good that... : it would be good if...). The conditional clause type under discussion contains the anteriority converb in -us, which, as a result of the shift ‘evaluative → deontic’, has become characteristic of a set of deontic constructions where it competes with the infinitive. This development moreover involved processes of insubordination and resubordination. The relevance of the Lithuanian facts (apart from their intrinsic interest, also from the viewpoint of resubordination processes) consists in that the extension of the complementation type from evaluative to unambiguously deontic contexts provides palpable proof of the transition while the research has hitherto failed to find a cut-off point between evaluation and deontic modality.
How to use alternative and natural medicine in the 21st century part IV
Authors: L Burkett Dr Rebecca
Published: December 2024

Part IV of the article includes many sections of Palliative and Integrative care. It provides many sources on how to use this type of care. For example, the information is about guidelines and case studies on how to implement and assess the treatments, and goals for the patients’ care. Also mentioned are, the five stages of palliative care, The Pillars and Principles of Palliative care and Palliative Care Guidelines Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care.
Diseño ficción para futuros preferibles: un análisis del caso Gastrografías neourbanas
Authors: Carrero Ángel Laura Natalia
Published: December 2024

Concebirnos en la cotidianidad como usuarios pasivos del futuro es sencillo cuando asumimos —enajenadamente— que la responsabilidad de crearlo recae en un dedicado comité de mentes encargadas de anunciarnos cuándo y de qué manera debemos adaptarnos para desatar esa perpetua sensación de que el futuro es hoy. Pero, ¿qué pasaría si aceptáramos que el futuro es simplemente una cadena de decisiones tomadas diariamente por quienes asumen la posibilidad de liberar sus ideas de la fugacidad de un pensamiento invasivo? Pues tal es la premisa que motiva al diseño ficción como metodología para la proposición de escenarios futuros y la toma de decisiones.  El presente artículo se propone dar cuenta del resultado del trabajo investigativo denominado Gastrografías neourbanas, el cual tuvo por objeto plantear una serie de productos y servicios conceptuales haciendo uso del diseño ficción como metodología aplicada a la cocina. No se aplica como una dependencia arquitectónica, sino como un elemento esencial para la función social del ser humano entorno a la ingesta. Además, las propuestas toman como principal referente estético e ideológico al género utópico de clima ficción conocido como solarpunk, y su característica integración de lo ambientalmente sostenible con lo tecnológicamente innovador.
Principales factores de la inclusión financiera en países de América del sur.
Authors: Caro Norma Patricia , Hernández María
Published: December 2024

La inclusión financiera es el acceso generalizado a servicios financieros y su utilización efectiva como medio para mejorar el bienestar de la población. En esta investigación se confirman los principales factores de la inclusión financiera en países de ingresos medios – altos y altos de América del Sur, según la definición del Banco Mundial a través de la aplicación de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales generalizados (GSEM) con base en tres dimensiones: el acceso (o uso tradicional), el uso digital y la educación financiera como variables latentes que poseen relaciones causales entre ellas y explican un conjunto de indicadores.
La Riqueza de las Naciones en Castellano
Authors: Maya-Muñoz Guillermo
Published: December 2024

El 5 de junio de 2023 fue el tricentenario del nacimiento de Adam Smith, ocasión que sirvió para que los periódicos y revistas convirtieran a Smith en un personaje que cobra vigencia. La Riqueza de las Naciones, su libro más conocido, fue publicado en 1776, hace 248 años. Este libro es fundacional de la economía política, y todavía sigue influyendo sobre los asuntos económicos contemporáneos, y los economistas ortodoxos usan su autoridad para impulsar e imponer las políticas de libre comercio sobre la base que todos los países se benefician de un comercio abierto, sin aranceles y diversos impedimentos.
A Comparative of Frequency Ratio Method, Weight of Evidence, and Analytical Hierarchy Process for Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) Region in Ranitar-Belarang Section of Udayapur District, Koshi Province, Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Kabi Raj , Maharjan Rupendra , Shrestha Birat , Maharjan Neelam
Published: December 2024

A landslide susceptibility map indicates those locations which are prone to the landslide depending upon the factors that causes landslide (slope, soil type, impact of flow, etc.). This study assesses the outcomes of a landslide susceptibility analysis employing Frequency Ratios (FR), Weight of Evidence (WoE) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the Ranitar - Belarang region, situated in Udayapur District, Koshi province of eastern Nepal. Geologically, the region falls within the region of the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). Google Earth imagery (CNES/Airbus and Maxar Technologies) with a spatial resolution of 20 m was utilized for landslide detection. The inventory of landslides was employed to create data sets for training and testing. Thirteen causative parameters (Slope, Distance to Thrust, Landuse, Geology, Distance to stream, Curvature, Aspect, Relief, Distance to Road, Topographic Wetness Index, Sediment Transport Index, Sediment Power Index, Rainfall), derived from topographic, geological, and land-use maps were considered in the analysis. The AHP ratings were assigned based on the expert judgment whereas, the FR and WoE ratings were computed based on these causative factors and training events. Subsequently, a landslide susceptibility map was generated by amalgamating causative factors that yielded FR, AHP, and WoE scores with validation using the AUC- ROC curve resulting in an 86.4%, 68.5%, and 89.9% accuracy respectively. Among the three methods of analysis, Weight of Evidence (WoE) has the highest accuracy (89.9%) in predicting landslides followed by Frequency Ratio (86.4%). Also, it was found that distance from the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), land use, relief, and distance from the road emerged as the most influential factors contributing to landslide occurrence.
Rolling appraisal and high-efficiency development on a lithologic reservoir of nearshore subaqueous fan in the Tanan oilfield
Authors: Wen Quan , Sha Zixuan , Wang Guozhi
Published: December 2024

The exploration and development process in the Tanan oilfield is guided by geological insights and the aim of economically beneficial exploitation in foreign oilfields. The study primarily focuses on the sequential exploration and development process of "finding fan, finding reservoir, and finding edge" for the lithologic reservoir of Nantun formation, aligning with current oil prices and available geological resources. By analyzing the detailed anatomy of lithologic reservoirs and development characteristics in the Nantun formation, a geological working method of "searching for uplift and fan before root and edge" has gradually emerged. The lithologic reservoir of Nantun formation is a typical nearshore subaqueous fan lithologic-structural reservoir developed under long-term paleo-uplift in the deep fault period of a faulted lacustrine basin. The combination of paleogeomorphologic restoration and seismic sedimentology is crucial in identifying such reservoirs. Reservoir development is influenced by sedimentary subfacies type, with the middle-fan reservoir exhibiting the best physical properties and higher natural productivity, followed by the fan-root reservoir which shows better well productivity after fracturing. The fan-edge reservoir has comparatively poorer physical properties, with less apparent effects of fracturing. This method has proven to be effective in guiding the rolling appraisal and development of such reservoirs, both domestically and internationally, through detailed geological study.
Linfoma de Burkitt de localización inusual en pacientes con VIH. Reporte de dos casos
Authors: Solorzano-Torrejano Federico , Cubides-Cruz Cristian Leonardo , Ortiz-Roa Cynthia , Parra-Medina Rafael , Cuervo-Maldonado Sonia Isabel
Published: December 2024

Introducción. El linfoma de Burkitt (LB) es un tipo de linfoma no Hodgkin poco frecuente y de rápido crecimiento. Se ha reportado una mayor incidencia de LB en pacientes con VIH.
Presentación de los casos. Caso 1: hombre de 42 años con VIH (estadio A2) en terapia antirretroviral (TARV) que ingresó al servicio de urgencias de un hospital oncológico de cuarto nivel de Bogotá D. C. (Colombia) por dolor abdominal e ictericia y fue diagnosticado con síndrome biliar obstructivo. En estudios de imagen se identificó masa en el páncreas que luego fue diagnosticada como LB mediante estudio histopatológico, por lo que se inició quimioterapia con protocolo R-DA EPOCH, el cual posteriormente fue cambiado a Hyper-CVAD debido a evidencia de compromiso del sistema nervioso central, ajustando también la TARV a disoproxil fumarato/emtricitabina/dolutegravir por la presencia de interacciones farmacológicas. Actualmente, el paciente está a la espera de iniciar terapia de trasplante autólogo de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas para consolidar el manejo del LB. Caso 2: mujer de 28 años con VIH (estadio C3) en TARV (mala adherencia) inicialmente diagnosticada con cáncer de mama. Ante la pobre respuesta al esquema inicial de quimioterapia, se realizó un nuevo análisis histológico y con base en los hallazgos se diagnosticó con LB en mama; la paciente también presentó criptococosis pulmonar. Una vez completó el tratamiento para la criptococosis pulmonar, se inició nuevo esquema de quimioterapia (R-CHOP) y se ajustó la TARV a Tenofovir/Emtricitabina y Raltegravir, logrando la resolución completa del LB luego de 6 ciclos de quimioterapia.
Conclusión. En pacientes con VIH y masas en localizaciones atípicas se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha de neoplasias linfoproliferativas de alto grado como el LB. Mediante los casos aquí reportados esperamos ampliar el conocimiento de este tipo de presentaciones inusuales del LB y, de esa forma, mejorar las probabilidades de un diagnóstico oportuno en esta población.
Feelgood literature: Entrepreneurial Robinsonades for the 21st century woman
Authors: Posti Piia K.
Published: December 2024

This article explores the intersection of entrepreneurship and feelgood literature, addressing Coșgel's argument about the impact of metaphors and narratives in shaping economic theories and the role of the entrepreneur. In entrepreneurial studies, there has been limited examination of how literary narratives influence entrepreneurial conceptualization. Analyzing feelgood literature can challenge male-coded entrepreneurial roles and offer alternative perspectives on women's entrepreneurship.
Feelgood literature echoes themes from Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, and the study argues that feelgood literature serves as entrepreneurial Robinsonades for modern women, offering socio-economic commentary on their attitudes towards work. The genre both repeats and rewrites the Robinson narrative, thereby reshaping the male-coded entrepreneurial narrative.
The article concludes that feelgood literature represents a new type of entrepreneurial imaginary, sharing features with what Dahl and Helin call an “economy of homecoming”, in which local community and caring supersede the individualistic and expansive/exploitative economy of the Robinson-type entrepreneur.
Gulyás interprets Henze
Authors: Schulze Anna
Published: December 2024

This text contains a biographies on Georg Gulyás and Hans Werner Henze.
Gulyás interprets Henze
Authors: Gulyás Georg
Published: December 2024

The guitarist Georg Gulyás interprets Mad Lady Macbeth from the sonata Royal Winter Music by the composer Hans-Werner Henze.
Twierdzenie Gödla i marzenie Leibniza
Authors: Piesko Maria
Published: December 2024

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Biópsia percutânea guiada por tomografia computadorizada de nódulos pulmonares subcentimétricos
Authors: Teixeira Penélope Sánchez , Bitencourt Almir Galvão Vieira , Gross Jefferson Luiz , Chojniak Rubens , Damião Soraia Quaranta , Barbosa Paula Nicole Vieira Pinto
Published: December 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de sucesso diagnóstico e complicações da biópsia percutânea por fragmentos guiada por tomografia computadorizada (TC) em nódulos pulmonares menores que 10 mm. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, unicêntrico, com base em revisão de prontuários, imagens e laudos de tomografia de tórax em 115 pacientes submetidos a biópsia percutânea por fragmentos guiada por TC em nódulos pulmonares menores que 10 mm, entre julho de 2015 e janeiro de 2019. Resultados: Os nódulos variaram de 4 a 9 mm, com tamanho médio de 7,7 mm no maior eixo do nódulo. A idade média dos pacientes no procedimento foi 61 anos, sendo 54,7% do sexo feminino. Os nódulos sólidos foram os mais prevalentes (67,0%), a maioria estava localizada nos lobos inferiores (47,8%), a distância média percorrida no parênquima pulmonar foi 20 mm (variando de 0 a 70 mm) e na maior parte dos casos a biópsia não foi realizada em decúbito restritivo. A taxa de sucesso diagnóstico foi 93,0%. As complicações mais frequentes foram hemorragia alveolar (36,5%) e pneumotórax (24,3%). Conclusão: Os dados sugerem que a biópsia pulmonar percutânea guiada por TC de nódulos pulmonares menores de 10 mm apresentou alta taxa de sucesso diagnóstico e incidência de complicações aceitável.
Cytotoxicity assays for cancer drug screening: methodological insights and considerations for reliable assessment in drug discovery
Authors: Chaudhry G. , Zeenia  , Safdar N. , Begum S. , Akim A. M. , Sung Y. Y. , Muhammad T. S. T.
Published: December 2024

Abstract The importance of cytotoxicity assays in in vitro drug discovery investigations has led to their rising profile. Drugs and other substances can disrupt cell membranes, limit protein synthesis, and bind irreversibly to receptors, all of which lead to cell death in cancer cells. To precisely measure the cell death resulting from these damages, one must choose a cytotoxicity test that meets specific criteria. A systematic search strategy was used to gather grey literature from 2001 to 2024, utilizing databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Specific keywords related to colorimetric, fluorometric, and dye exclusion assays, as well as “cytotoxicity,” were employed. Here, we only focus on screening drug cytotoxicity for cancer cells. This review discusses various cytotoxicity assays, such as “dye exclusion assays,” “colorimetric assays,” and “fluorometric assays.” It is crucial to prioritize safety, speed, reliability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness, while also ensuring minimal interference with the test compound. Commonly used in toxicology and pharmacology, cytotoxicity assays are based on several biological processes. Selecting the correct assay method requires considerations such as assay specificity and sensitivity, detection mechanism, test drug properties, and laboratory availability. This review aims to assist researchers in performing reliable cytotoxicity assessments by providing insights into assay choices.
Antimicrobial activities of seasonally collected bee products: honey, propolis, royal jelly, venom, and mellitin
Authors: Obeidat M. , Haddad M. A. , Ghnamat S. A.
Published: December 2024

Abstract Ethanolic extracts of seasonally collected natural bee products (honey, propolis, royal jelly (RJ), and bee venom (BV)) were tested for their potential as antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi. These extracts exhibited various inhibitory effects on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Haemophilus influenzae) and fungi (Aspergillus brasiliensis and Candida albicans), with the exception of S. pneumonia, which was not inhibited by honey and RJ extracts, and P. aeruginosa, which was not inhibited by RJ extracts. Interestingly, extracts of BV and its major content, melittin (MEL), displayed a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria and fungi. This is the first study to show that propolis extract has bactericidal activity against S. pneumoniae and that BV extract and MEL have antibacterial activity against P. vulgaris, H. influenzae, and H. influenzae type b. Extracts of bee products collected in the spring generally exhibited the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. Based on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), it was found that spring samples of propolis, RJ, and honey, in that order, were the richest. Also, LC-MS-MS analysis of MEL content in BV demonstrated that it was the highest in spring sample. In terms of MIC and MBC values, Gram-positive bacteria were the most susceptible to bee products. First and foremost, the antimicrobial activity of bee products was ranked in descending order based on MIC values: BV, MEL, propolis, RJ, and honey.
A pesquisa documental como ferramenta metodológica na linguística aplicada
Authors: Yonaha Tábata Quintana
Published: December 2024

RESUMO Na área da Linguística Aplicada (LA), empregamos uma variedade de ferramentas metodológicas para buscar explorar e compreender a complexidade dos fenômenos linguísticos em diversos contextos, abrangendo tanto abordagens qualitativas quanto quantitativas, bem como suas combinações. Em meio a uma vasta gama de opções metodológicas disponíveis, neste artigo destaco a pesquisa documental como um recurso metodológico efetivo para estudos nessa área. Para tanto, apresento sua definição, aponto alguns exemplos de uso e sinalizo os principais procedimentos envolvidos em sua condução. Por fim, apresento dados referentes à utilização de pesquisa ou análise documental em estudos científicos brasileiros em LA desenvolvidos no período de 1983 a 2023, resultado de uma pesquisa documental ilustrativa para este estudo. Os resultados evidenciam temáticas recorrentes, tais como processos de ensinar e aprender línguas em sala de aula, práticas docentes e formação de professores, temas que continuam a ocupar uma posição de destaque na agenda da LA nas últimas quatro décadas.