bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlating Rate‐Dependent Transition Metal Dissolution between Structure Degradation in Li‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Cao Bo , Li Tianyi , Zhao Wenguang , Yin Liang , Cao Hongbin , Chen Dong , Li Luxi , Pan Feng , Zhang Mingjian
Published: June 2023

Understanding the mechanism of the rate‐dependent electrochemical performance degradation in cathodes is crucial to developing fast charging/discharging cathodes for Li‐ion batteries. Here, taking Li‐rich layered oxide Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 as the model cathode, the mechanisms of performance degradation at low and high rates are comparatively investigated from two aspects, the transition metal (TM) dissolution and the structure change. Quantitative analyses combining spatial‐resolved synchrotron X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging, synchrotron X–ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques reveal that low‐rate cycling leads to gradient TM dissolution and severe bulk structure degradation within the individual secondary particles, and especially the latter causes lots of microcracks within secondary particles, and becomes the main reason for the fast capacity and voltage decay. In contrast, high‐rate cycling leads to more TM dissolution than low‐rate cycling, which concentrates at the particle surface and directly induces the more severe surface structure degradation to the electrochemically inactive rock‐salt phase, eventually causing a faster capacity and voltage decay than low‐rate cycling. These findings highlight the protection of the surface structure for developing fast charging/discharging cathodes for Li‐ion batteries.
Bioinspired, Anticoagulative, 19F MRI‐Visualizable Bilayer Hydrogel Tubes as High Patency Small‐Diameter Vascular Grafts
Authors: Li Shuangyang , Zhao Feng , Tang Yipeng , Zhang Yiqun , Rong Hui , Liu Lingyuan , Gao Rui , Liu Xiang , Huangfu Yini , Bai Yunpeng , Feng Zujian , Guo Zhigang , Dong Anjie , Wang Weiwei , Kong Deling , Huang Pingsheng
Published: June 2023

The clinical patency of small‐diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) (ID < 6 mm) is limited, with the formation of mural thrombi being a major threat of this limitation. Herein, a bilayered hydrogel tube based on the essential structure of native blood vessels is developed by optimizing the relation between vascular functions and the molecular structure of hydrogels. The inner layer of the SDVGs comprises a zwitterionic fluorinated hydrogel, avoiding the formation of thromboinflammation‐induced mural thrombi. Furthermore, the position and morphology of the SDVGs can be visualized via 19F/1H magnetic resonance imaging. The outer poly(N‐acryloyl glycinamide) hydrogel layer of SDVGs provides matched mechanical properties with native blood vessels through the multiple and controllable intermolecular hydrogen‐bond interactions, which can withstand the accelerated fatigue test under pulsatile radial pressure for 380 million cycles (equal to a service life of 10 years in vivo). Consequently, the SDVGs exhibit higher patency (100%) and more stable morphology following porcine carotid artery transplantation for 9 months and rabbit carotid artery transplantation for 3 months. Therefore, such a bioinspired, antithrombotic, and visualizable SDVG presents a promising design approach for long‐term patency products and great potential of helping patients with cardiovascular diseases.
The devil in the details: How high‐impact practices can miss the mark
Authors: Museus Samuel D. , LePeau Lucy A.
Published: June 2023

Higher education researchers and practitioners increasingly rely on high‐impact practices in their efforts to promote success among diverse college students. In this chapter, we discuss the dangers of uncritically adopting one‐size‐fits‐all notions of high‐impact practices, and we underscore the need to meaningfully consider culture and identity in efforts to design and deliver such initiatives in equitable ways. We also offer five common misconceptions that inhibit advancing more equitable conversations about high‐impact practices.
Grounding summer bridge programs in virtual cultural engagement strategies during an international pandemic: Future considerations for practice
Authors: Lu Charles , Milligan Shannon
Published: June 2023

Authors discuss how to utilize culturally engaging campus frameworks, tools, and practices in summer bridge programs to increase access and success for racially minoritized students.
Enhancing culturally engaging research: (Re)imagining high impact research practices for undergraduate students
Authors: Hawkins Chandler K. , Espiritu Gabriel Lê , Miller Donté
Published: June 2023

This article juxtaposes culturally neutral undergraduate research with possibilities for culturally relevant and validating research experiences.
Leveraging culture and identity in writing‐intensive initiatives and courses at minority serving institutions
Authors: Mac Jacqueline , Hoang Sara Boxell , Kem Pratna , Kiang Peter Nien‐chu , Romero Devan R. , D'Anna‐Hernandez Kimberly
Published: June 2023

Authors discuss how educators at two Minority Serving Institutions center culture and identity in intensive writing courses that support student success.
Evaluation of Electrical Impedance as a Possible Indicator of Liquid Holdup in a Cane Diffuser on Plant and Laboratory Scales
Authors: Segura Angel Diana Maritza , Fonseca Rafael F. , Seleghim Paulo
Published: June 2023

The online monitoring of the liquid holdup in a cane diffuser increases the extraction process efficiency since the juice percolating through the cane bed promotes mass transfer. This article assesses the electrical impedance as an indirect measure of liquid level through monitoring resistive effects in a cane diffuser. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Introduction: Procurement and Politics—The Defence Policy Consensus or Aligning Strategy and Policy Is Necessary But Not Automatic
Authors: Migone Andrea , Howlett Alexander , Howlett Michael
Published: June 2023

Large-scale military platform procurement is an essential but understudied component in policy and administrative studies. Procurement decisions in this area, which include major platforms and systems such as ships and aircraft, are very expensive and feature complex multi-actor and multi-year processes which can be highly conflictual. The extant administrative literature on the subject is of limited help: on the one hand, most procurement studies in public administration and public management focus on smaller, short-term, more routinized and less conflictual purchases. On the other hand, studies centred on military acquisitions tend to treat each major purchase as idiosyncratic. Hence, military procurement provides an excellent source of case studies to expand our knowledge and understanding of larger and more complex types of procurement processes. It allows us to draw lessons about successes and failures that will be relevant to similar expensive and large-scale purchases, such as railways, hydroelectric dams, highways and port development, while also drawing out the similarities and lessons for future defence purchases.
Einleitung
Authors: Lang Sebastian
Published: June 2023

In den vergangenen Jahren hat die Forschung einige bedeutende Durchbrüche im Gebiet der künstlichen Intelligenz erzielt, allen voran in den Bereichen des Bildverstehens und der Sprachverarbeitung. Die beiden angeführten Beispiele haben gemeinsam, dass sie Modelle und Algorithmen des maschinellen Lernens verwenden, um aus großen Datenmengen Wissen zu formalisieren. In der Tat lassen sich die meisten Fortschritte der letzten Jahre auf dem Gebiet der künstlichen Intelligenz auf Errungenschaften in der Beforschung von Methoden des maschinellen Lernens zurückführen.
Grundlagen der Produktionsablaufplanung
Authors: Lang Sebastian
Published: June 2023

Zielstellung des folgenden Kapitels ist die theoretische Fundierung der Produktionsablaufplanung. Zunächst erfolgt in Abschnitt 2.1 eine Begriffsdefinition sowie eine thematische Einordnung in die Produktionsplanung und -steuerung (PPS). Anschließend wird in Abschnitt 2.2 der Prozess der Produktionsablaufplanung im Kontext des etablierten Aachener PPS-Modells skizziert.
Stand der Wissenschaft und Technik: Bestärkendes Lernen in der Produktionsablaufplanung
Authors: Lang Sebastian
Published: June 2023

Der Einsatz von bestärkenden Lernen für die Produktionsablaufplanung findet in der Wissenschaft noch vergleichsweise geringe Beachtung. Ungeachtet dessen erschienen in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten einige themenbezogene Veröffentlichungen, die im Folgenden diskutiert werden sollen. Anhand einer Literaturanalyse soll aufgezeigt werden, auf welche Art und Weise durch bestärkendes Lernen trainierte Agenten für die Produktionsablaufplanung eingesetzt werden können.
Civil Public Interest Litigation
Authors: Zhang Chenyang
Published: June 2023

In order to prevent and contain environmental pollution, protect consumers’ rights and interests and other public interests, China is now establishing a public interest litigation system step by step. Compared with the private interest litigation, the public interest to be protected by the public interest litigation is an aggregation of private interests. However, the public interest litigation does not exclude the private interest litigation. While the public interest litigation is going on, the parties concerned may also file a private interest litigation and take a “free ride” in such aspects as evidence on the public interest litigation. In China, it is mainly the various types of social organizations registered with the civil affairs department that have the right to initiate a public interest litigation. Besides, the procuratorates may also initiate a civil public interest litigation in addition to their function of initiating a public prosecution against a crime. Compared with the private interest litigation, the public interest litigation has some special features in terms of the litigation procedures. In addition, the Chinese law also requires the court to intervene in the litigation with a more proactive manner and give certain help and tips to the plaintiff if necessary, with an aim to maximize the protection of public interests.
Impurity-driven metal-insulator transitions in holography
Authors: Seo Yunseok , Ahn Young jun , Kim Keun-Young , Sin Sang-Jin , Kim Kyung Kiu
Published: June 2023

Abstract

In this work, we study Metal-Insulator transition in a holographic model containing an interaction between the order parameter and charge-carrier density. It turns out that the impurity density of this model can drive the phase transition whose ordered phase corresponds to the insulating phase. The temperature behavior of DC conductivity distinguishes the insulating phase from the metal phase. We confirm this behavior by a numerical method and an analytic calculation. As a byproduct, we show the existence of a ‘quantum phase transition’ supported by the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound argument.
Flag integrable models and generalized graded algebras
Authors: de Leeuw Marius , Nepomechie Rafael I. , Retore Ana L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract

We introduce new classes of integrable models that exhibit a structure similar to that of flag vector spaces. We present their Hamiltonians, R-matrices and Bethe-ansatz solutions. These models have a new type of generalized graded algebra symmetry.
Nichttuberkulöse Mykobakteriose nach Tätowierung durch Mycobacterium chelonae
Authors: Lange K. , Janßen S. , Dimmers F. , Homey B. , Jansen T. M.
Published: June 2023

Wir berichten über den Fall eines jungen gesunden Patienten, der sich mit juckenden Hautveränderungen im Bereich eines Tattoos des linken Handrückens in unserer Klinik vorstellte. Durch eine Biopsie und kulturelle Erregersicherung konnte eine Infektion mit Mycobacterium chelonae nachgewiesen werden, die wir mittels antibiotischer Therapie mit Azithromycin und Linezolid erfolgreich behandeln konnten. Unser Fall unterstreicht, dass neben allergischen Hautreaktionen auch Infektionen als Komplikation nach Tätowierung differenzialdiagnostisch in Betracht gezogen werden sollten.
Hyperuniformity and non-hyperuniformity of quasicrystals
Authors: Björklund Michael , Hartnick Tobias
Published: June 2023

We develop a general framework to study hyperuniformity of various mathematical models of quasicrystals. Using this framework we provide examples of non-hyperuniform quasicrystals which unlike previous examples are not limit-quasiperiodic. Some of these examples are even anti-hyperuniform or have a positive asymptotic number variance. On the other hand we establish hyperuniformity for a large class of mathematical quasicrystals in Euclidean spaces of arbitrary dimension. For certain models of quasicrystals we moreover establish that hyperuniformity holds for a generic choice of the underlying parameters. For quasicrystals arising from the cut-and-project method we conclude that their hyperuniformity depends on subtle diophantine properties of the underlying lattice and window and is by no means automatic.
Analytical method for calculating the nominal tooth root stress in worm gear shafts
Authors: Gründer Johannes , Monz Alexander
Published: June 2023

According to the state of the art, worm gears are designed due to the softer bronze-material of the worm wheel primarily against damage of the wheel because of wear, pitting or breakage of the teeth. The aim of research in the last decades is to optimize the load capacity on the worm wheel by using higher-strength bronze alloys, cast iron or steel to increase the transmission capacity of worm gears. This development may lead to an increased number of damage cases on the worm shaft. In literature, documented cases of tooth segment fractures of the worm shaft can already be found. Since the worm is only designed against deflection according to the state of the art, there is a need for a method to calculate the material stress in worm shafts. This paper presents an analytical method based on the nominal stress approach for calculating bending, compression, and shear stresses in the tooth root of worm shafts to close this gap. The stresses resulting from different load distributions in the tooth contact due to assembly deviations are calculated with the presented method and compared with results from the Finite Element Method.
Dispatching point selection for a drone-based delivery system operating in a mixed Euclidean–Manhattan grid
Authors: Betti Sorbelli Francesco , Corò Federico , Das Sajal K. , Pinotti Cristina M. , Shende Anil
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we present a drone-based delivery system that assumes to deal with a mixed-area, i.e., two areas, one rural and one urban, placed side-by-side. In the mixed-areas, called EM-grids, the distances are measured with two different metrics, and the shortest path between two destinations concatenates the Euclidean and Manhattan metrics. Due to payload constraints, the drone serves a single customer at a time returning back to the dispatching point (DP) after each delivery to load a new parcel for the next customer. In this paper, we present the $$1$$

1

-Median Euclidean–Manhattan grid Problem (MEMP) for EM-grids, whose goal is to determine the drone’s DP position that minimizes the sum of the distances between all the locations to be served and the point itself. We study the MEMP on two different scenarios, i.e., one in which all the customers in the area need to be served (full-grid) and another one where only a subset of these must be served (partial-grid). For the full-grid scenario we devise optimal and approximation algorithms, while for the partial-grid scenario we devise an optimal algorithm.
The Making of Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-dialectical View
Authors: van Eemeren Frans H. , van Haaften Ton
Published: June 2023

In ‘The making of argumentation theory’ van Eemeren and van Haaften describe the contributions made to the five components of a full-fledged research program of argumentation theory by four prominent approaches to the discipline: formal dialectics, rhetoric/pragmalinguistics, informal logic, and pragma-dialectics. Most of these approaches do not contribute to all components, but to some in particular. Starting from the pragma-dialectical view of the relationship between dialectical reasonableness and rhetorical effectiveness – the crucial issue in argumentation theory – van Eemeren and van Haaften explain the positions taken by representatives from the approaches discussed and indicate where they differ from the pragma-dialectical approach. It transpires that approaches focusing on dialectical reasonableness are, next to pragma-dialectics, formal dialectics and informal logic; approaches focusing on rhetorical effectiveness are, next to pragma-dialectics, rhetoric and pragmalinguistics, and the informal logician Tindale. When it comes to the relationship between dialectical reasonableness and rhetorical effectiveness, some interest in it is shown in rhetoric and pragmalinguistics, but only in pragma-dialectics and in Tindale’s work is it a real focus. The main difference between Tindale’s view and the pragma-dialectical view is that in pragma-dialectics the decisive role in deciding about reasonableness is assigned to a code of conduct for reasonable argumentative discourse and in Tindale’s approach this role is assigned to Tindale’s interpretation of the Perelmanian universal audience.
Media myopia distorts public interest in US invasive plants
Authors: Woodworth Elena , Tian Amy , Blair Kaleigh , Pullen Jamie , Lefcheck Jonathan S. , Parker John D.
Published: June 2023

Introduced invasive plants are a major environmental problem, but public interest in invasive plants is generally considered low compared to climate change and threatened flagship species, hindering support for effective management and policy. To understand what does drive public interest in invasive plants in the US, we investigated Google Trends search data from 2010 to 2020 for 209 introduced plant species found in the continental US. Using a phylogenetically-controlled structural equation model, we investigated three hypothesized drivers of interest: (1) plant abundance as quantified by national and state-level occurrence records in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, (2) four key plant traits that might influence plant conspicuousness to the general public: ornamental use, human health risks, monoculture formation, and plants with positive economic value, and (3) media coverage, in particular the volume and sentiment of news articles over the same 10-year period. Public search interest was highest for the most abundant introduced species and those with human health risks, but significantly lower for ornamentals. News coverage was mostly negatively toned and disproportionately focused on a relatively small group of widespread invasive species, with significantly lower and more positively-worded coverage of ornamentals. Ultimately, we suggest that a narrow emphasis on a few highly covered ‘notorious’ invasive plant species, with lower and more positive coverage of ornamental introduced species, could send mixed messages and weaken public awareness of the threats of biological invasions. However, the generally strong linkages between public search interest and media coverage of invasive plants suggests ample opportunity to improve messaging and increase public awareness.
Risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer; a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Shore Richard , Zhang Ji , Ye Weimin , Stattin Pär , Lindblad Mats
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To assess whether androgens play a role in explaining the sex related differences in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

A nationwide matched cohort study was conducted employing the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe) 4.0 during the study period 2006–2016. Prostate cancer (PC) patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were treated as exposed. Prostate cancer-free men from the general population were randomly selected and matched to the index case by birth year and county of residence, forming the unexposed group. All were followed until a diagnosis of CRC, death, emigration, or end of the study period. The risk of CRC among ADT exposed PC patients compared to unexposed cancer-free men was calculated using a flexible parametric survival model and expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

There was an increased risk of CRC among ADT exposed PC patients compared to unexposed cancer-free men (HR 1.27 [95% CI 1.15–1.41]), in particular an increased risk of adenocarcinoma of the colon (HR 1.33 [95% CI 1.17–1.51]) and more specifically an increased risk of adenocarcinoma of the distal colon (HR 1.53 [95% CI 1.26–1.85]). Examination of latency effects yielded significantly decreased HRs over time for CRC (p = 0.049 for trend).

Conclusions

This population-based study found an increased risk of CRC among PC patients exposed to ADT, specifically adenocarcinoma of the distal colon, which indicates an increased association between ADT (PC + ADT) and CRC but not a positive dose-response trend questioning a true causal effect.
Ungulate-vehicle crashes peak a month earlier than 38 years ago due to global warming
Authors: Bíl Michal , Andrášik Richard , Kušta Tomáš , Bartonička Tomáš
Published: June 2023

Global change has manifested itself as climate warming in Central Europe in recent decades. Average daily air temperatures increased by an average of 2 °C between 1982 and 2018. Air temperature changes have affected the timing of the vegetation periods (phenophases) and have also influenced the behaviour of animals. We worked with data on wildlife-vehicle crashes (WVC) recorded by the Czech Police in the period 1982–2019. Three peaks can usually be observed (spring, summer, and autumn) in the WVC time series. Eighty percent of these records involved roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Such a high ratio allowed us to assume that any significant changes detected in WVC will be predominantly related to roe deer. We discovered that roe deer mortality on roads occurs earlier at present in the spring than in the past. The spring peak has shifted almost a month to the beginning of the year compared to the situation 38 years ago. The changes in the respective summer and autumn peaks were not statistically significant. The results suggest the effect of climate change on roe deer behaviour through increasing air temperatures and shifting vegetation phenophases. Thus, an earlier onset of deer activity associated with territory delineation and expected higher movement activity can be indirectly determined by the analysis of the WVC time series. The observed shift in the spring WVC peak in the roe deer model reveals a shift in ungulate behavioural patterns that is not evident from other biological data and thus surprisingly offers a suitable study framework for determining the impacts of environmental change on animals.
Inspiration from the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework for SDG 15
Authors: Lehmann Ina
Published: June 2023

With the United Nations’ Agenda 2030, countries worldwide have committed to a set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. Among them is SDG 15, known as Life on Land. What makes this SDG special is that several of its targets had been scheduled for completion by 2020– raising the question what should happen to these targets after 2020 as they have not yet been achieved. With the approaching 2023 SDG Summit in mind, this perspective paper examines how the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which was adopted under the Convention on Biological Diversity in late 2022, might provide guidance for the implementation of SDG 15 and maintain the momentum for action until 2030. Three areas are critical. First, concerning protected areas, the strengthened rights-based approach of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework should be integrated into SDG 15. Second, the new framework promotes the sustainable use of biodiversity more clearly than SDG 15 and should hence guide transformation of the biodiversity-based economic sectors. Finally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework provides the first quantified financial target for global biodiversity action, and at the SDG Summit, that target should be reinforced by additional financial commitments. Guidance in these three areas can be integrated into the SDG Summit’s Political Declaration and into the voluntary pledges that countries are expected to make at the Summit, and it can inform the review of the SDG indicators.
Intergenerational mobility in the Netherlands: models, outcomes and trends
Authors: Colagrossi Marco , Geraci Andrea , Mazzarella Gianluca
Published: June 2023

We reconstruct the genealogical tree of all individuals ever appearing in Dutch municipalities records starting in 1995. Combining microdata from tax authorities with education records we compute a measure of permanent income as well as education. We estimate the degree of intergenerational persistence in education and income in the population and across time, showing that it is higher than what previous estimates would suggest, albeit it appears to be decreasing. Finally, exploiting information on the education of grandparents, we estimate a model of intergenerational mobility in which endowments are transmitted through a latent factor. Estimates suggest an even higher persistence.
Much Ado About Nothing? The Role of Land-Based Gambling Venue Employees in Facilitating Problem Gambling Harm Reduction and Help-Seeking
Authors: Riley Ben J. , Lawn Sharon , Crisp Beth R. , Battersby Malcolm
Published: June 2023

Over the past decade, greater emphasis has been placed on the role of the land-based gambling industry to respond to problem gambling behaviour in their venues. Despite this, there is a lack of clear information advising best practice responses by gambling venue employees. This article reviews strategies, practices, and policies employed by land-based gambling venues concerning their employees’ role in preventing gambling-related harm and responding to problem gambling behaviours. A systematic search strategy was applied to source peer-reviewed literature which identified 49 articles. The synthesised results were arranged and presented across five categories: (1) the identification of gamblers with potential problems in the venue; (2) gambling venue staff responses to gamblers with potential problems; (3) gamblers’ perspectives around venue responsibilities and interactions with gamblers with potential problems; (4) corporate social responsibility programs and the identification of gamblers with problems in the venue; and (5) gambling venue staff needs. The results suggest that most activity performed by venue staff concerning their response to problem gambling is limited to observing and documenting risky behaviours and then discussing this internally with other venue staff. Action which moves beyond this, such as approaching and interacting with identified gamblers of concern, rarely occurs. The results of this review suggest that a focus on the identification and intervention specifically with identified gamblers of concern is a particularly unhelpful aspect of the role of venue staff. The results also indicate that a re-thinking of the role frontline staff play in addressing problem gambling is necessary.
Management and maintenance of multi-family buildings in Croatia: perspective of co-owners’ representatives
Authors: Svirčić Gotovac Anđelina , Đokić Ratko , Adamović Mirjana
Published: June 2023

The paper deals with maintenance and management problems in multi-family buildings in Zagreb and other Croatian cities from the perspective of co-owners’ representatives. After 1990, when there was intensive privatization of housing, the responsibility for the maintenance of the housing stock shifted to private owners and management companies. Apartment owners have been given the obligation to maintain multi-family buildings and have faced problems and challenges in maintaining and managing common property. The empirical research was conducted on a convenience sample of co-owners' representatives (N = 353) using the survey method. The results are analysed according to three construction periods of multi-family buildings: built before 1945, during the socialist period (from 1945 to 1990) and the post-socialist period (after 1991). The results show that in all three construction periods there are certain bigger or smaller shortcomings regarding the building quality, and then the maintenance. The paper concludes that insufficient financial and organisational resources, insufficient engagement of managers, inadequate collaboration between representatives and managers, and weak energy renovation of multi-family buildings are some of the most important problems faced by co-owners’ representatives.
Are wind turbines integrated into landscape? an analysis of its social perception in a spanish mediterranean area
Authors: López-Martínez Francisco
Published: June 2023

Context

Renewable energy sources development has introduced wind farms as a regular landscape element. However, as human-made elements, wind farms influence on landscape's scenic beauty differently according to the socio-demographic characteristics of the beholder.

Objectives

In this regard, the study analyses the population's visual perception of wind farms into Mediterranean landscapes with reference to three social variables: gender, age and education level.

Method

People's preferences were assessed through two on-line surveys with several landscape photographs, with and without wind turbines. Subsequently, the score of each photograph was statistically analyzed regarding the landscapes showed and the respondents' socio-demographic variables.

Results

The results demonstrate how vegetation had a positive effect in landscape' scenic beauty, especially forest, as well as people do not perceive negatively wind turbines presence. In fact, their implementation in deteriorated or low scored landscapes improves its scenic beauty. Lastly, despite the fact that gender, age and education do not influence on people's perception, there is a trend between these factors and wind turbines influence on landscape.

Conclusions

In addition to reinforce the vegetation positive effects on landscape’ scenic beauty, wind turbines have become a new landscape element that, in general, do not have a negative impact on its scenic beauty but, according to age, different consideration appeared.
Landscape conservation in the natural-rural interface. A social-ecological approach in Natural Parks of Andalusia (Spain)
Authors: Villodre M. , Arnaiz-Schmitz C. , Schmitz M. F.
Published: June 2023

Context

Multifunctional rural landscapes are social-ecological systems that represent a link between nature and culture. They are characterized by the conservation and protection of ecological processes, natural resources and biocultural diversity. The conservation of these landscapes is mainly based on the establishment of Protected Natural Areas (PAs) whose regulatory schemes have often promoted their degradation.

Objectives

We evaluate the effectiveness of the conservation strategies of the Natural Park category in the protection and maintenance of rural cultural landscapes. We analyse at a regional and local scale both the dynamics of land-uses and the socioeconomic structure of the local populations involved, identifying the main social-ecological indicators of change in the protected landscape.

Methods

We apply a methodological approach, based on geoprocessing tools and multivariate analysis, to examine social-ecological changes in rural cultural landscapes after the establishment of a network of PAs. The designed method allows us to infer the ecological and socioeconomic resilience of protected landscapes.

Results

Conservation efforts have tended to underestimate rural landscapes in favour of natural ones, mainly forest systems, and have not been able to prevent the processes of abandonment and degradation of protected landscapes. A simplification of the land-use systems dependent on traditional farming practices is observed. This implies the loss of both the multifunctionality of rural landscapes and their resilience to environmental changes. The key socioeconomic indicators identified highlight the deterioration of the rurality of protected landscapes.

Conclusions

Our social-ecological approach is a useful tool to evaluate the effectiveness of PAs. Protection of landscape is related to the decline of traditional agricultural systems and rewilding through land abandonment. Culturalness is necessary to promote the management and conservation of rural landscapes from a holistic perspective.
Differentiable learning of matricized DNFs and its application to Boolean networks
Authors: Sato Taisuke , Inoue Katsumi
Published: June 2023

Boolean networks (BNs) are well-studied models of genomic regulation in biology where nodes are genes and their state transition is controlled by Boolean functions. We propose to learn Boolean functions as Boolean formulas in disjunctive normal form (DNFs) by an explainable neural network Mat_DNF and apply it to learning BNs. Directly expressing DNFs as a pair of binary matrices, we learn them using a single layer NN by minimizing a logically inspired non-negative cost function to zero. As a result, every parameter in the network has a clear meaning of representing a conjunction or literal in the learned DNF. Also we can prove that learning DNFs by the proposed approach is equivalent to inferring interpolants in logic between the positive and negative data. We applied our approach to learning three literature-curated BNs and confirmed its effectiveness. We also examine how generalization occurs when learning data is scarce. In doing so, we introduce two new operations that can improve accuracy, or equivalently generalizability for scarce data. The first one is to append a noise vector to the input learning vector. The second one is to continue learning even after learning error becomes zero. The first one is explainable by the second one. These two operations help us choose a learnable DNF, i.e., a root of the cost function, to achieve high generalizability.
Physioland: a motivational complement of physical therapy for patients with neurological diseases
Authors: Martins Tiago , Carvalho Vítor , Soares Filomena , Leão Celina
Published: June 2023

The number of patients with mobility constraints is increasing as a result of neurological diseases. From the substantiation of the lost functions recoveries, it was possible to determine that the nervous system is able to reorganize itself expressing its property called neuroplasticity. Physical therapy is the well-known way to encourage and promote this ability. However, repetitive traditional physical therapy exercises may become boring and patients eventually abandon their physiotherapeutic programs. The development of new environments that motivate patients to continue with their treatments may be a suitable alternative or complementary tool. Serious games seems to be the ideal tool to provide them. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present Physioland, a serious game already developed which can be a motivational complement for the physical therapy of patients with neurological diseases. Physioland is a non-invasive system that uses Image Processing Techniques and Artificial Intelligence to monitor patients and adapts some exercises of traditional physical therapy to electronic game situations. To determine whether Physioland would be motivating and challenging enough to increase a patient's desire to perform the exercises and continue/complete the rehabilitation process the game was tested in a clinical environment using two samples: one with twelve health professionals in the area of physiotherapy and the other with eleven patients with neurological diseases. The research team carried out a questionnaire-based survey. This questionnaire is an adaptation of another one already validated in the literature—the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). For the analysis of the data obtained with the Likert scale, percentages were calculated. The answers to the open questions were subject to a content analysis. The results showed that the developed game, Physioland, proved to be highly motivating for patients at the physiotherapy clinic where it was tested. If the results are similar in other clinics, Physioland, can be used as a good and effective complement to traditional physical therapy for patients with neurological diseases.
Root litter quality drives the dynamic of native mineral-associated organic carbon in a temperate agricultural soil
Authors: Poeplau Christopher , Begill Neha , Liang Zhi , Schiedung Marcus
Published: June 2023

Background and aims

Understanding the fate and residence time of organic matter added to soils, and its effect on native soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralisation is key for developing efficient SOC sequestration strategies. Here, the effect of litter quality, particularly the carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio, on the dynamics of particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) were studied.

Methods

In a two-year incubation experiment, root litter samples of the C4-grass Miscanthus with four different C:N ratios ranging from 50 to 124 were added to a loamy agricultural topsoil. In an additional treatment, ammonium nitrate was added to the C:N 124 litter to match the C:N 50 litter input ratio. Soils were size-fractionated after 6, 12 and 24 months and δ13C was measured to determine the proportion of new and native POC and MAOC. Litter quality was further assessed by mid-infrared spectroscopy and compound peak analysis.

Results

Litter quality strongly affected SOC dynamics, with total SOC losses of 42.5 ± 3.0% in the C:N 50 treatment and 48.9 ± 3.0% in the C:N 124 treatment after 24 months. Largest treatment effects occurred in mineralisation of native MAOC, which was strongly primed by litter addition. The N amendment in the C:N 124 treatment did not alleviate this potential N mining flux.

Conclusion

Litter quality plays a major role in overall SOC dynamics, and priming for N mining from the MAOC pool could be a dominant mechanism. However, adding N did not compensate for poor litter quality, highlighting the role of litter quality beyond stoichiometric imbalances.
The role of passion diversity, compassion, and self-compassion for team entrepreneurial passion
Authors: Ginting-Szczesny Bernadetta A. , Kibler Ewald , Cardon Melissa S. , Kautonen Teemu , Hakala Henri
Published: June 2023

Passion among entrepreneurial teams can contribute to team performance; yet we still have little understanding of the determinants of team passion. Drawing from the literature on social emotions, we theorize and empirically examine the influence of compassion and self-compassion of team members on the shared team entrepreneurial passion (TEP). Using an original sample of 326 individuals from 107 venture teams, we provide novel evidence that, in addition to team passion diversity, compassion and self-compassion significantly relate to TEP. Specifically, we demonstrate that compassion and self-compassion contribute to polyfocal TEP, which is more beneficial for team outcomes than monofocal TEP.
Riparian and terrestrial grasses display unexpected tolerance to cool-season inundation
Authors: Kitanović Vanja , Greet Joe , McKendrick Scott A. , Jones Christopher S.
Published: June 2023

Vegetation condition has declined along many regulated river systems globally due to alteration of flow regimes via flow regulation. Understanding how plants respond to inundation is critical for managing regulated river flows to improve riparian vegetation condition. We experimentally tested the effects of inundation duration on the survival and growth of six tufted grass species commonly found in riparian zones in south-eastern Australia. We conducted three nursery-based experiments in late winter/early spring, corresponding with natural temperate flow peaks and managed flows, with inundation treatments on: (1) established plants, up to 35 days inundation; (2) seedlings, up to 25 days inundation; and (3) established plants, up to 53 days inundation including additional shaded treatments. Plant survival, height and biomass growth, and onset of flowering were recorded for established plants, and, for seedlings, survival only. Plant height and biomass growth declined with longer inundation duration across all species, although surprisingly few established plants died. Unexpectedly, grass seedlings were generally tolerant of inundation also, although there was some evidence of increased mortality for the longest treatment (25 days inundation). Shading did not result in increased mortality or reduced height growth of inundated plants. Inundation effects on the onset of flowering were modest and varied between species ranging from earlier to delayed onset. Our results suggest that tufted grasses are tolerant of cool-season inundation. Given that mortality of these species has been observed in the field and experimentally under shorter inundation periods in warmer conditions (late spring and summer), we suggest that seasonal timing of inundation is critical in determining plant responses to inundation.
Multimodality PET and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Intraoperative Imaging of CEA-Positive Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lwin Thinzar M. , Minnix Megan , Li Lin , Sherman Anakim , Hong Teresa , Wong Jeffery Y. C. , Olafsen Tove , Poku Erasmus , Bouvet Michael , Fong Yuman , Shively John E. , Yazaki Paul J.
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Molecular imaging is a major diagnostic component for cancer management, enabling detection, staging of disease, targeting therapy, and monitoring the therapeutic response. The coordination of multimodality imaging techniques further enhances tumor localization. The development of a single agent for real-time non-invasive targeted positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and fluorescence guided surgery (FGS) will provide the next generation tool in the surgical management of cancer.

Procedures

The humanized anti-CEA M5A-IR800 “sidewinder” (M5A-IR800-SW) antibody-dye conjugate was designed with a NIR 800 nm dye incorporated into a PEGylated linker and conjugated with the metal chelate p-SCN-Bn-deferoxamine (DFO) for zirconium-89 PET imaging (89Zr, half-life 78.4 h). The dual-labeled 89Zr-DFO-M5A-SW-IR800 was evaluated for near infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, PET/MRI imaging, terminal tissue biodistribution, and blood clearance in a human colorectal cancer LS174T xenograft mouse model.

Results

The 89Zr-DFO-M5A-SW-IR800 NIR fluorescence imaging showed high tumor targeting with normal liver uptake. Serial PET/MRI imaging was performed at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h and showed tumor localization visible at 24 h that persisted throughout the experiment. However, the PET scans showed higher activity for the liver than the tumor, compared to the NIR fluorescence imaging. This difference is an important finding as it quantifies the expected difference due to the sensitivity and depth of penetration between the 2 modalities.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the potential of a pegylated anti-CEA M5A-IR800-Sidewinder for NIR fluorescence/PET/MR multimodality imaging for intraoperative fluorescence guided surgery.
Individual Differences in Mathematical Problem-Solving Skills Among 3- to 5-Year-Old Preschoolers
Authors: Vessonen T. , Hellstrand H. , Aunio P. , Laine A.
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate individual differences in mathematical problem-solving among 3- to 5-year-old children (N = 328; n3-year-olds = 115, n4-year-olds = 167, n5-year-olds = 46). First, we examined the extent to which children in this age group were able to solve open and closed non-routine mathematical problems representing a variety of mathematical domains. Second, we investigated the extent to which underlying academic and cognitive skills (i.e., expressive and receptive language, visuospatial, and early numeracy skills) were associated with individual differences in mathematical problem-solving concurrently and longitudinally (i.e., one year later). The results showed that 4- to 5-year-olds were able to solve a variety of non-routine mathematical problems. However, though 3-year-olds were also able to solve a variety of problems, the mathematical problem-solving measure did not meet the reliability criteria, resulting in excluding 3-year-olds from further analyses. Expressive and receptive language, visuospatial, and early numeracy skills were associated with mathematical problem-solving concurrently among 4-year-olds. Among 5-year-olds, only visuospatial and early numeracy skills were associated with mathematical problem-solving. Furthermore, only prior mathematical problem-solving skills and early numeracy skills predicted mathematical problem-solving skills longitudinally. These findings indicate that preschoolers are able to solve open and closed non-routine mathematical problems representing a variety of mathematical domains. Additionally, individual differences may stem not only from differences in mathematical problem-solving skills but also from early numeracy.
New examples of harmonic maps to the hyperbolic plane via Bäcklund transformation
Authors: Polychrou G. , Papageorgiou E. , Fotiadis A. , Daskaloyannis C.
Published: June 2023

We study harmonic maps from a subset of the complex plane to a subset of the hyperbolic plane. In Fotiadis and Daskaloyannis (Nonlinear Anal 214, 112546, 2022), harmonic maps are related to the sinh-Gordon equation and a Bäcklund transformation is introduced, which connects solutions of the sinh-Gordon and sine-Gordon equation. We develop this machinery in order to construct new harmonic maps to the hyperbolic plane.
Data Catalogs in the Enterprise: Applications and Integration
Authors: Jahnke Nils , Otto Boris
Published: June 2023

Despite investing heavily in data-related technology and human resources, enterprises are still struggling to derive value from data. To foster data value creation and move toward a data-driven enterprise, adequate data management and data governance practices are fundamental. To support these practices, organizations are building (meta)data management landscapes by combining different tools. Data catalogs are a central part of these landscapes as they enable an overview of available data assets and their characteristics. To deliver their highest value, data catalogs need to be integrated with existing data sources and other data management tools. However, enterprises struggle with data catalog integration because (a) not all data catalog application types foster enterprise-wide data management and data governance alike, and (b) several technical characteristics of data catalog integration remain unclear. These include the supported data sources, data catalog federation, and ways to provision data access. To tackle these challenges, this paper first develops a typology of data catalog applications in the enterprise context. Based on a review of the academic literature and an analysis of data catalog offerings, it identifies four enterprise-internal and three cross-enterprise classes of data catalog applications. Second, an in-depth analysis of 51 data catalog offerings that foster enterprise-wide metadata management examines key characteristics of the technical integration of data catalogs.