bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hankel Determinants for New Subclasses of Analytic Functions Related to a Shell Shaped Region
Authors: Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Bulboacă Teodor
Published: June 2020

Using the operator L c a defined by Carlson and Shaffer, we defined a new subclass of analytic functions ML c a ( λ ; ψ ) defined by a subordination relation to the shell shaped function ψ ( z ) = z + 1 + z 2 . We determined estimate bounds of the four coefficients of the power series expansions, we gave upper bound for the Fekete–SzegőSzegő functional and for the Hankel determinant of order two for f ∈ ML c a ( λ ; ψ ) .
Microfiltration Membranes Modified with Silver Oxide by Plasma Treatment
Authors: Kacprzyńska-Gołacka Joanna , Kowalik-Klimczak Anna , Woskowicz Ewa , Wieciński Piotr , Łożyńska Monika , Sowa Sylwia , Barszcz Wioletta , Kaźmierczak Bernadetta
Published: June 2020

Microfiltration (MF) membranes have been widely used for the separation and concentration of various components in food processing, biotechnology and wastewater treatment. The deposition of components from the feed solution and accumulation of bacteria on the surface and in the membrane matrix greatly reduce the effectiveness of MF. This is due to a decrease in the separation efficiency of the membrane, which contributes to a significant increase in operating costs and the cost of exploitative parts. In recent years, significant interest has arisen in the field of membrane modifications to make their surfaces resistant to the deposition of components from the feed solution and the accumulation of bacteria. The aim of this work was to develop appropriate process parameters for the plasma surface deposition of silver oxide (AgO) on MF polyamide membranes, which enables the fabrication of filtration materials with high permeability and antibacterial properties.
Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks
Authors: Greco Gabriele , Pugno Nicola M.
Published: June 2020

Spider silks present extraordinary mechanical properties, which have attracted the attention of material scientists in recent decades. In particular, the strength and the toughness of these protein-based materials outperform the ones of many man-made fibers. Unfortunately, despite the huge interest, there is an absence of statistical investigation on the mechanical properties of spider silks and their related size effects due to the length of the fibers. Moreover, several spider silks have never been mechanically tested. Accordingly, in this work, we measured the mechanical properties and computed the Weibull parameters for different spider silks, some of them unknown in the literature. We also measured the mechanical properties at different strain rates for the dragline of the species Cupiennius salei. For the same species, we measured the strength and Weibull parameters at different fiber lengths. In this way, we obtained the spider silk scaling laws directly and according to Weibull’s prediction. Both length and strain rates affect the mechanical properties of spider silk, as rationalized by Weibull’s statistics.
Detection of C-Reactive Protein Using Histag-HRP Functionalized Nanoconjugate with Signal Amplified Immunoassay
Authors: Siddiqui Mohd Farhan , Khan Zeeshan Ahmad , Park Seungkyung
Published: June 2020

Ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers is highly significant for disease prognosis and public health treatment. Despite wide acceptance in routine laboratory tests, the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been of limited use for early biomarker detection due to insufficient sensitivity and multiple long incubation time. Several nanoprobes have been introduced to circumvent the limitation, however, rapid, simple, and chemical-free nanoprobe synthesis and sensitive detection methods, particularly for ELISA, are still lacking. In this study, we have synthesized a gold nanoprobe, conjugated with multiple 6X-histidine (6X-his) peptide and nickel-horseradish peroxidase (Ni2+-HRP), for enhancing the colorimetric signal in ELISA. The developed nanoprobe has been tested for the detection of immunologically significant C-reactive protein (CRP) in ELISA format. The performance of designed probe is validated by testing standard and serum samples, and the detection limit of 32.0 pg/mL with R2 = 0.98 is confirmed. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the developed nanoprobe was performed with ELISA developed on conventional guidelines, the proposed immunoassay showed an increase of 12-fold sensitivity for detecting CRP due to the high loading of 6Xhis peptide and binding of multiple Ni2+-HRP on a gold nanoparticle. Additionally, the proposed assay provides a simple, fast, and cost-efficient (not requiring multiple antibodies) detection of CRP with easy nanoprobe synthesis. Moreover, the developed Histag-HRP functionalized nanoconjugate immunoassay is flexible and can be applied to other biomarkers efficiently by using disease specific antibody.
Special Low Protein Foods in the UK: An Examination of Their Macronutrient Composition in Comparison to Regular Foods
Authors: Wood Georgina , Evans Sharon , Pointon-Bell Kiri , Rocha Júlio César , MacDonald Anita
Published: June 2020

Special low protein foods (SLPFs) are essential in a low phenylalanine diet for treating phenylketonuria (PKU). With little known about their nutritional composition, all SLPFs on UK prescription were studied (n = 146) and compared to equivalent protein-containing foods (n = 190). SLPF nutritional analysis was obtained from suppliers/manufacturers. Comparable information about regular protein-containing foods was obtained from online UK supermarkets. Similar foods were grouped together, with mean nutritional values calculated for each subgroup (n = 40) and percentage differences determined between SLPFs and regular food subgroups. All SLPF subgroups contained 43–100% less protein than regular foods. Sixty-three percent (n = 25/40) of SLPF subgroups contained less total fat with palm oil (25%, n = 36/146) and hydrogenated vegetable oil (23%, n = 33/146) key fat sources. Sixty-eight percent (n = 27/40) of SLPF subgroups contained more carbohydrate, with 72% (n = 105/146) containing added sugar. Key SLPF starch sources were maize/corn (72%; n = 105/146). Seventy-seven percent (n = 113/146) of SLPFs versus 18% (n = 34/190) of regular foods contained added fibre, predominantly hydrocolloids. Nine percent of SLPFs contained phenylalanine > 25 mg/100 g and sources of phenylalanine/protein in their ingredient lists. Stricter nutritional composition regulations for SLPFs are required, identifying maximum upper limits for macronutrients and phenylalanine, and fat and carbohydrate sources that are associated with healthy outcomes.
Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acids Levels, Anthropometric Variables and Adiposity in Spanish Premenopausal Women
Authors: del Pozo María del Pilar , Lope Virginia , Criado-Navarro Inmaculada , Pastor-Barriuso Roberto , Fernández de Larrea Nerea , Ruiz Emma , Castelló Adela , Lucas Pilar , Sierra Ángeles , Romieu Isabelle , Chajès Véronique , Priego-Capote Feliciano , Pérez-Gómez Beatriz , Pollán Marina
Published: June 2020

This study investigates the still uncertain association between serum phospholipid fatty acids (PL-FA), and anthropometric and adiposity variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1443 Spanish premenopausal women. Participants answered an epidemiological and a food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric variables were measured using a bioimpedance scale. Serum PL-FAs levels were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The association between body mass index (BMI), weight gain, body fat percentage, visceral fat index, and waist circumference with serum PL-FAs and desaturation indices was evaluated using multivariable linear regression models. BMI was positively associated with the relative concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (β = 0.94, q-val = 0.001), and with palmitoleic, dihomo-γ-linolenic (DGLA), arachidonic (AA) and α-linolenic acids, and was inversely associated with oleic, gondoic, trans-vaccenic, linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. Total fat percentage was positively associated with DGLA and AA, and inversely with linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. Low relative concentrations of some SFAs and high levels of n-6 PUFAs were associated with greater waist circumference. While the oleic/stearic and AA/DGLA acid ratios were inversely associated with BMI, DGLA/linoleic acid ratio was positively related to almost all variables. In addition to BMI, total fat percentage and waist circumference were also associated with certain individual fatty acids.
Recent Advances and Impact of Chemotherapeutic and Antiangiogenic Nanoformulations for Combination Cancer Therapy
Authors: Rajora Amit Kumar , Ravishankar Divyashree , Zhang Hongbo , Rosenholm Jessica M.
Published: June 2020

Traditional chemotherapy, along with antiangiogenesis drugs (combination cancer therapy), has shown reduced tumor recurrence and improved antitumor effects, as tumor growth and metastasis are often dependent on tumor vascularization. However, the effect of combination chemotherapy, including synergism and additive and even antagonism effects, depends on drug combinations in an optimized ratio. Hence, nanoformulations are ideal, demonstrating a great potential for the combination therapy of chemo-antiangiogenesis for cancer. The rationale for designing various nanocarriers for combination therapy is derived from organic (polymer, lipid), inorganic, or hybrid materials. In particular, hybrid nanocarriers that consist of more than one material construct provide flexibility for different modes of entrapment within the same carrier—e.g., physical adsorption, encapsulation, and chemical conjugation strategies. These multifunctional nanocarriers can thus be used to co-deliver chemo- and antiangiogenesis drugs with tunable drug release at target sites. Hence, this review attempts to survey the most recent advances in nanoformulations and their impact on cancer treatment in a combined regimen—i.e., conventional cytotoxic and antiangiogenesis agents. The mechanisms and site-specific co-delivery strategies are also discussed herein, along with future prospects.
End-to-End Real-Time Demonstration of the Slotted, SDN-Controlled NEPHELE Optical Datacenter Network
Authors: Tokas Konstantinos , Patronas Giannis , Spatharakis Christos , Bakopoulos Paraskevas , Kyriakos Angelos , Landi Giada , Zahavi Eitan , Christodoulopoulos Kostas , Aziz Muzzamil , Pitwon Richard , Gallico Domenico , Reisis Dionysios , Varvarigos Emmanouel , Avramopoulos Hercules
Published: June 2020

The NEPHELE hybrid electro-optical datacenter network (DCN) architecture is proposed as a dynamic network solution to provide high capacity, scalability, and cost efficiency in comparison to the existing DCN infrastructures. The details of the NEPHELE DCN architecture and its various key parts are introduced, and the performance of its implementation is evaluated through an end-to-end NEPHELE demonstrator, which was built at the National Technical University of Athens. Several communication scenarios are demonstrated in real time, exploiting a scalable optical data-plane architecture with a software-defined network (SDN) control plane capable of slotted operation for dynamic allocation of network resources. Real-time end-to-end functionality and integration of various software and hardware components are verified in a six-host prototype datacenter cluster.
Positioning Performance Limits of GNSS Meta-Signals and HO-BOC Signals
Authors: Ortega Lorenzo , Medina Daniel , Vilà-Valls Jordi , Vincent François , Chaumette Eric
Published: June 2020

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are the main source of position, navigation, and timing (PNT) information and will be a key player in the next-generation intelligent transportation systems and safety-critical applications, but several limitations need to be overcome to meet the stringent performance requirements. One of the open issues is how to provide precise PNT solutions in harsh propagation environments. Under nominal conditions, the former is typically achieved by exploiting carrier phase information through precise positioning techniques, but these methods are very sensitive to the quality of phase observables. Another option that is gaining interest in the scientific community is the use of large bandwidth signals, which allow obtaining a better baseband resolution, and therefore more precise code-based observables. Two options may be considered: (i) high-order binary offset carrier (HO-BOC) modulations or (ii) the concept of GNSS meta-signals. In this contribution, we assess the time-delay and phase maximum likelihood (ML) estimation performance limits of such signals, together with the performance translation into the position domain, considering single point positioning (SPP) and RTK solutions, being an important missing point in the literature. A comprehensive discussion is provided on the estimators’ behavior, the corresponding ML threshold regions, the impact of good and bad satellite constellation geometries, and final conclusions on the best candidates, which may lead to precise solutions under harsh conditions. It is found that if the receiver is constrained by the receiver bandwidth, the best choices are the L1-M or E6-Public Regulated Service (PRS) signals. If the receiver is able to operate at 60 MHz, it is recommended to exploit the full-bandwidth Galileo E5 signal. In terms of robustness and performance, if the receiver can operate at 135 MHz, the best choice is to use the GNSS meta-signals E5 + E6 or B2 + B3, which provide the best overall performances regardless of the positioning method used, the satellite constellation geometry, or the propagation conditions.
Separable EEG Features Induced by Timing Prediction for Active Brain-Computer Interfaces
Authors: Meng Jiayuan , Xu Minpeng , Wang Kun , Meng Qiangfan , Han Jin , Xiao Xiaolin , Liu Shuang , Ming Dong
Published: June 2020

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) have witnessed a rapid development in recent years. However, the active BCI paradigm is still underdeveloped with a lack of variety. It is imperative to adapt more voluntary mental activities for the active BCI control, which can induce separable electroencephalography (EEG) features. This study aims to demonstrate the brain function of timing prediction, i.e., the expectation of upcoming time intervals, is accessible for BCIs. Eighteen subjects were selected for this study. They were trained to have a precise idea of two sub-second time intervals, i.e., 400 ms and 600 ms, and were asked to measure a time interval of either 400 ms or 600 ms in mind after a cue onset. The EEG features induced by timing prediction were analyzed and classified using the combined discriminative canonical pattern matching and common spatial pattern. It was found that the ERPs in low-frequency (0~4 Hz) and energy in high-frequency (20~60 Hz) were separable for distinct timing predictions. The accuracy reached the highest of 93.75% with an average of 76.45% for the classification of 400 vs. 600 ms timing. This study first demonstrates that the cognitive EEG features induced by timing prediction are detectable and separable, which is feasible to be used in active BCIs controls and can broaden the category of BCIs.
Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Networks: Survey of Communication and Security Protocols
Authors: Ghori Muhammad Rizwan , Wan Tat-Chee , Sodhy Gian Chand
Published: June 2020

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Mesh Networks enable flexible and reliable communications for low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Most BLE-based mesh protocols are implemented as overlays on top of the standard Bluetooth star topologies while using piconets and scatternets. Nonetheless, mesh topology support has increased the vulnerability of BLE to security threats, since a larger number of devices can participate in a BLE Mesh network. To address these concerns, BLE version 5 enhanced existing BLE security features to deal with various authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality issues. However, there is still a lack of detailed studies related to these new security features. This survey examines the most recent BLE-based mesh network protocols and related security issues. In the first part, the latest BLE-based mesh communication protocols are discussed. The analysis shows that the implementation of BLE pure mesh protocols remains an open research issue. Moreover, there is a lack of auto-configuration mechanisms in order to support bootstrapping of BLE pure mesh networks. In the second part, recent BLE-related security issues and vulnerabilities are highlighted. Strong Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are essential for detecting security breaches in order to protect against zero-day exploits. Nonetheless, viable IDS solutions for BLE Mesh networks remain a nascent research area. Consequently, a comparative survey of IDS approaches for related low-power wireless protocols was used to map out potential approaches for enhancing IDS solutions for BLE Mesh networks.
Experiments with Self-Organised Simulation of Movement of Infectious Aerosols in Buildings
Authors: Jankovic Ljubomir
Published: June 2020

The ultimate aim of sustainability in buildings gained an additional new dimension as the start of the year 2020 saw a rapid worldwide spread of the infectious disease caused by a coronavirus named COVID-19. There is evidence that, in addition to person to person contact, the disease transmission occurs through airborne droplets/aerosols generated by breathing, speaking, coughing or sneezing. For that reason, building heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems can play an important role, as they may both contribute as well as reduce the transmission risk. However, there is insufficient understanding of the movement of infectious aerosols in buildings. This article introduces a method of bottom-up emergent modelling of the movement of infectious aerosols in internal space using a physics engine, and reports on simple simulation experiments. The results show that the smallest droplets that are large enough to contain the virus can be suspended in the air for an extended period of time; that turbulent air flow can contribute to the infectious aerosols remaining in the room; and that unidirectional air flow can contribute to purging the room of the infectious aerosols. The model introduced in this article is a starting point for further development and for increasing our understanding of the movement of infectious aerosols in buildings, and thus for increased sustainability of building design.
Microbial Water Quality Conditions Associated with Livestock Grazing, Recreation, and Rural Residences in Mixed-Use Landscapes
Authors: Derose Kelsey L. , Roche Leslie M. , Lile David F. , Eastburn Danny J. , Tate Kenneth W.
Published: June 2020

Contamination of surface waters with microbial pollutants from fecal sources is a significant human health issue. Identification of relative fecal inputs from the mosaic of potential sources common in rural watersheds is essential to effectively develop and deploy mitigation strategies. We conducted a cross-sectional longitudinal survey of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations associated with extensive livestock grazing, recreation, and rural residences in three rural, mountainous watersheds in California, USA during critical summer flow conditions. Overall, we found that 86% to 87% of 77 stream sample sites across the study area were below contemporary Escherichia coli-based microbial water quality standards. FIB concentrations were lowest at recreation sites, followed closely by extensive livestock grazing sites. Elevated concentrations and exceedance of water quality standards were highest at sites associated with rural residences, and at intermittently flowing stream sites. Compared to national and state recommended E. coli-based water quality standards, antiquated rural regional policies based on fecal coliform concentrations overestimated potential fecal contamination by as much as four orders of magnitude in this landscape, hindering the identification of the most likely fecal sources and thus the efficient targeting of mitigation practices to address them.
Evaluating the Potential for Cross-Interactions of Antitoxins in Type II TA Systems
Authors: Tu Chih-Han , Holt Michelle , Ruan Shengfeng , Bourne Christina
Published: June 2020

The diversity of Type-II toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems in bacterial genomes requires tightly controlled interaction specificity to ensure protection of the cell, and potentially to limit cross-talk between toxin–antitoxin pairs of the same family of TA systems. Further, there is a redundant use of toxin folds for different cellular targets and complexation with different classes of antitoxins, increasing the apparent requirement for the insulation of interactions. The presence of Type II TA systems has remained enigmatic with respect to potential benefits imparted to the host cells. In some cases, they play clear roles in survival associated with unfavorable growth conditions. More generally, they can also serve as a “cure” against acquisition of highly similar TA systems such as those found on plasmids or invading genetic elements that frequently carry virulence and resistance genes. The latter model is predicated on the ability of these highly specific cognate antitoxin–toxin interactions to form cross-reactions between chromosomal antitoxins and invading toxins. This review summarizes advances in the Type II TA system models with an emphasis on antitoxin cross-reactivity, including with invading genetic elements and cases where toxin proteins share a common fold yet interact with different families of antitoxins.
Establishing a Robust Manufacturing Platform for Recombinant Veterinary Vaccines: An Adenovirus-Vector Vaccine to Control Newcastle Disease Virus Infections of Poultry in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Farnós Omar , Gelaye Esayas , Trabelsi Khaled , Bernier Alice , Subramani Kumar , Kallel Héla , Yami Martha , Kamen Amine A.
Published: June 2020

Developing vaccine technology platforms to respond to pandemic threats or zoonotic diseases is a worldwide high priority. The risk of infectious diseases transmitted from wildlife and domestic animals to humans makes veterinary vaccination and animal health monitoring highly relevant for the deployment of public health global policies in the context of “one world, one health” principles. Sub-Saharan Africa is frequently impacted by outbreaks of poultry diseases such as avian influenza and Newcastle Disease (ND). Here, an adenovirus-vectored vaccine technology platform is proposed for rapid adaptation to ND or other avian viral threats in the region. Ethiopian isolates of the Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) were subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analyses, enabling the construction of antigenically matched vaccine candidates expressing the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) proteins. A cost-effective vaccine production process was developed using HEK293 cells in suspension and serum-free medium. Productive infection in bioreactors (1–3 L) at 2 × 106 cells/mL resulted in consistent infectious adenoviral vector titers of approximately 5–6 × 108 TCID50/mL (approximately 1011VP/mL) in the harvest lysates. Groups of chickens were twice immunized with 1 × 1010 TCID50 of the vectors, and full protection against a lethal NDV challenge was provided by the vector expressing the F antigen. These results consolidate the basis for a streamlined and scalable-vectored vaccine manufacturing process for deployment in low- and medium-income countries.
Image Segmentation Methods for Flood Monitoring System
Authors: Muhadi Nur , Abdullah Ahmad , Bejo Siti , Mahadi Muhammad , Mijic Ana
Published: June 2020

Flood disasters are considered annual disasters in Malaysia due to their consistent occurrence. They are among the most dangerous disasters in the country. Lack of data during flood events is the main constraint to improving flood monitoring systems. With the rapid development of information technology, flood monitoring systems using a computer vision approach have gained attention over the last decade. Computer vision requires an image segmentation technique to understand the content of the image and to facilitate analysis. Various segmentation algorithms have been developed to improve results. This paper presents a comparative study of image segmentation techniques used in extracting water information from digital images. The segmentation methods were evaluated visually and statistically. To evaluate the segmentation methods statistically, the dice similarity coefficient and the Jaccard index were calculated to measure the similarity between the segmentation results and the ground truth images. Based on the experimental results, the hybrid technique obtained the highest values among the three methods, yielding an average of 97.70% for the dice score and 95.51% for the Jaccard index. Therefore, we concluded that the hybrid technique is a promising segmentation method compared to the others in extracting water features from digital images.
Prediction of Children’s Blood Lead Levels from Exposure to Lead in Schools’ Drinking Water—A Case Study in Tennessee, USA
Authors: DeSimone Dave , Sharafoddinzadeh Donya , Salehi Maryam
Published: June 2020

Lead (Pb) exposure can delay children’s mental development and cause behavioral disorders and IQ deficits. With children spending a significant portion of their time at schools, it is critical to investigate the lead concentration in schools’ drinking water to prevent children’s exposure. The objectives of this work were to predict students’ geometric mean (GM) blood lead levels (BLLs), the fractions of at-risk students (those with BLLs > 5 μg/dL), and the total number of at-risk students in one Tennessee school district. School drinking water lead concentration data collected in 2019 were input into the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic (IEUBK) model and the Bowers’ model to predict BLLs for elementary school students and secondary school students, respectively. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for both models. Drinking water concentrations were qualitatively compared with data collected in 2017. Two scenarios were evaluated for each model to provide upper and median estimates. The weighted GM BLL upper and median estimates for elementary school students were 2.35 μg/dL and 0.99 μg/dL, respectively. This equated to an upper estimate of 1300 elementary school students (5.8%) and a median estimate of 140 elementary school students (0.6%) being at risk of elevated BLLs. Similarly, the weighted GM BLL upper and median estimates for secondary school students were 2.99 μg/dL and 1.53 μg/dL, respectively, and equated to an upper estimate of 6900 secondary school students (13.6%) and a median estimate of 300 secondary school students (0.6%) being at risk of elevated BLLs. Drinking water remediation efforts are recommended for schools exhibiting water lead concentrations greater than 15 μg/L. Site-specific soil lead concentration data are recommended since the IEUBK was deemed sensitive to soil lead concentrations. For this reason, soil lead remediation may have a greater impact on lowering children’s BLLs than drinking water lead remediation. Remediation efforts are especially vital at elementary schools to reduce the population’s baseline BLL and thus the BLL projected by Bowers’ model.
CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL EXAMINATION ON INDIVISIBILITY OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AS A MEAN OF ESTABLISHING EVIDENCE IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Kravtsova T.
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the issues of forensic examination as a mean of establishing evidence in civil proceedings, highlights the peculiarities of construction and technical examination in cases of termination of a person’s right to share in the common property.

The author concludes that provision of the construction and technical examination in cases related to the termination of a person’s right to a share in the common property requires an integrated approach. An expert shall use various methods, evaluate the object of an examination according to various criteria, and make consistent and logical conclusions in order to prepare an informative report.

Proper justification of the plaintiff’s position and proof of the technical impossibility of dividing the disputed property provides court with the grounds to satisfy the claim on termination of the right to a share in the residential building even with large area. However, like any other evidence, the expert’s report does not have a predetermined force for the court and is subject to assessment in conjunction with other evidence and circumstances of the case.
Middle Ages for Educators 1st Edition (June 2020) Archiving Dossier Narrative
Authors: Eisenberg Merle , McDougall Sara , Morreale Laura
Published: June 2020

Middle Ages for Educators is an online resource created in April 2020 to aggregate digital resources for the study of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The site includes links to online resources, custom-made videos on medieval topics by experts in the field with discussion questions and further readings, primary sources translated into English, lesson plans, and a bulletin board for research exchange.
Impaired Tubular Secretion of Organic Solutes in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: O’Brien Frank J. , Mair Robert D. , Plummer Natalie S. , Meyer Timothy W. , Sutherland Scott M. , Sirich Tammy L.
Published: June 2020

Background

Impairment of kidney function is routinely assessed by measuring the accumulation of creatinine, an organic solute cleared largely by glomerular filtration. We tested whether the clearance of solutes that undergo tubular secretion is reduced in proportion to the clearance of creatinine in humans with AKI.

Methods

Four endogenously produced organic solutes (phenylacetylglutamine [PAG], hippurate [HIPP], indoxyl sulfate [IS], and p-cresol sulfate [PCS]) were measured in spot urine and plasma samples from ten patients with AKI and 17 controls. Fractional clearance relative to creatinine was calculated to assess tubular secretion. Fractional clearance values were calculated in terms of the free, unbound levels of HIPP, IS, and PCS that bind to plasma proteins.

Results

Fractional clearance values for PAG, HIPP, IS, and PCS were >1.0 in patients with AKI as well as controls, indicating that these solutes were still secreted by the tubules of the injured kidneys. Fractional clearance values were, however, significantly lower in patients with AKI than controls, indicating that kidney injury reduced tubular secretion more than glomerular filtration (AKI versus control: PAG, 2.1±0.7 versus 4.6±1.4, P<0.001; HIPP, 10±5 versus 15±7, P=0.02; IS, 10±6 versus 28±7, P<0.001; PCS, 3.3±1.8 versus 10±3, P<0.001). Free plasma levels rose out of proportion to total plasma levels for each of the bound solutes in AKI, so that calculating their fractional clearance in terms of their total plasma levels failed to reveal their impaired secretion.

Conclusions

Tubular secretion of organic solutes can be reduced out of proportion to glomerular filtration in AKI. Impaired secretion of protein-bound solutes may be more reliably detected when clearances are expressed in terms of their free, unbound levels in the plasma.
Sağlık ve Sanayi İşletmelerinde Maliyetleme Karşılaştırması
Authors: ERTAŞ Abdulaziz
Published: June 2020

Üretim işletmelerinde maliyet tespiti ve
kontrolü karlılık ve verimlilik açısından önem 
arz etmektedir. Modern maliyetleme, mamul üretimi yapan işletmelerde sıklıkla
kullanılmaktadır.  Hizmet işletmesi
olarak ifade edilen hastaneler, üretim işletmeleri olup maliyet tespiti
yapmaktadırlar. Ancak maliyetlerin tespiti sanayi işletmeleri ve diğer hizmet
işletmelerinden farklılıklar içermektedir. Bu farklılıkların başında hastane
işletmelerinin yapısı, stoklama yöntemleri, üretim süreci ve üretim çıktıları
olmaktadır.   

Nitel bir araştırmayla, sanayi üretimi
yapan işletmeler ile sağlık hizmeti üreten işetmelerin maliyetleme süreci ve maliyetleme
farklılıkları karşılaştırılarak muhasebe uygulayıcılarına ve stratejik maliyet
yöneticilerine yöntem farklılıkları ortaya konacaktır.

Birden fazla sektörde faaliyet
sürdürebilen İşletmeler gelecekle ile ilgili stratejik kararların alınmasında
anlamlı finansal bilgilere ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Çalışma, maliyetlerin
muhasebeleştirilmesi kontrolü ve planlaması açısından kullanıcılara ve
işletmelere katkı sağlayacağı umulmaktadır.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN AKUNTAN, KINERJA AKUNTAN DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI (STUDI KASUS LAPORAN DANA BANTUAN OPERASIONAL SEKOLAH (BOS) SMK DI KOTA BOGOR)
Authors: Lestari Monica Ani , Marota Rochman
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan akuntan, kinerja akuntan dan teknologi informasi terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi pada laporan dana BOS SMK di Kota Bogor.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah bendahara BOS pada SMK di Kota Bogor. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling  dan diperoleh sampel penelitian 41 responden dari 20 SMK swasta di Kota Bogor. Variabel dependen dari penelitian ini adalah kualitas informasi akuntansi. Untuk variabel independen meliputi: pelatihan akuntan, kinerja akuntan dan teknologi informasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan alat bantu SPSS versi 21.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan akuntan, kinerja akuntan dan teknologi informasi secara simultan dan parsial berpengaruh terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi. Variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling tinggi adalah teknologi informasi dengan nilai thitung tertinggi. Artinya kualitas informasi akuntansi lebih didorong oleh teknologi informasi.
DOES TAX AWARENESS MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF TAX KNOWLEDGE, SUBJECTIVE AND PERSONAL NORMS TO TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE?
Authors: Adellia Tessya , Islami Imas Nurani
Published: June 2020

The development and quality improvement of public service is highly relying on funding from taxation. However, tax compliance is still low in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether subjective norms, personal norms, and tax knowledge have positively influence to taxpayer compliance and whether those factors of tax compliance is moderated by tax awareness. The researcher used electronic questionnaire to distribute questionnaire to respondents domiciled in Cikarang. The minimum samples taken in this research are 135 and 174 questionnaires are eligible. Statistical analysis used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that subjective norms has directly insignificant influence to taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, personal norms and tax knowledge have directly significant influence to tax compliance. On the other hand, subjective norms are not moderated by tax awareness to tax compliance. Personal norms and tax knowledge are moderated by tax awareness to tax compliance. Keywords: Subjective norms, Personal norms, Tax Knowledge, Tax Awareness, Tax Compliance
O terceiro clique da fotografia
Authors: Junior José Afonso da Silva
Published: June 2020

O texto analisa o ato de ‘dar print’ em imagens que circulam em dispositivos de acesso à internet (computadores, telefones móveis), como uma nova modalidade de atuar sobre imagens. Problematiza e recontextualiza a noção do índice fotográfico justaposto à essa prática que indica uma reindicialização como modalidade singular da fotografia contemporânea. A partir dessa delimitação, problematiza-se o procedimento operacional do terceiro clique/ dar print como reposicionamento dos lugares de referências visuais na sociedade contemporânea, triangulados entre cultura e tecnologia; e que permitem a compreensão desse fenômeno como encontro com imagens já produzidas e existentes apenas no mundo das telas. Destarte, busca-se dar um contorno aos atributos que compõem o terceiro clique, como pós-fotografia, panóptica, vigilância e controle.
DISAPPOINTMENT IN UTOPIA OR THE STRUGGLE OF A MAN AGAINST TIME (REVIEW OF THE BOOK Z. BAUMAN «RETROTOPE»)
Authors: KOROL Marina P.
Published: June 2020

The reviewed book is a posthumously published work of the outstanding British sociologist Z. Bauman, whose title reflects the phenomenon of the state of modern society-nostalgia for the past. The author notes that behind Z. Bauman's pessimistic sentiments is his desire to develop strategies for mankind to find possible ways to move into the future, connected with the hope of change.
THE IMPACT OF E-LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES ON QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: GORBASHKO Elena A. , VATOLKINA Natalia Sh.
Published: June 2020

Digital transformation of society and economy led to the rapid spread of information and communication technologies (ICT) in higher education, which became a new driver of development for global education and for the emergence of the phenomena of e-learning and blended learning, introduction of new types of educational resources, and increased diversity of information and communication technologies in higher education, which also led to a rise in the number of publications in this field. The article considers the essence and offers a classification of technical tools of e-learning. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of approaches to the formation of models of quality of electronic services and information technologies, as well as specific models of e-learning quality. This allowed the authors to propose a model of e-learning quality and determine the set of consumer properties of e-learning technology. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-010-00571 "The Impact of Digital Transformation on Improving the Quality and Innovation of Services".
DOES THE WORLD SAVED, THE ETERNAL WORLD, THE LIVING WORLD REMEMBER? (ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY)
Authors: VISHNEVSKY Yuri R. , DULINA Nadezhda V. , IKINGRIN Elena N. , MANSUROV Valery A. , PRONINA Elena I.
Published: June 2020

The article presents the results of an all-Russian sociological survey of students «The attitude of students to the Great Patriotic War». This study is conducted regularly by Russian Society of Sociologists since 2005. The bulk of the empirical data was the results of the fourth wave of research carried out in 2020. Object of study - students of Russia, citizen of the Russian Federation (N=10065). The data obtained allow us to draw meaningful conclusions about the opinions and assessment of Russian students regarding the events of the Great Patriotic War. Particular attention is paid to the sources that form the basis for the formation of the historical / cultural memory of modern students of the country.
PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors: BELONOVSKAYA Isabella D. , NEVOLINA Victoria V. , LOPANOVA Anastasia P.
Published: June 2020

The study of pedagogical support of professional self-development of a student is aimed at solving the urgent scientific problem of ensuring the professional growth of a modern specialist. The included participation of authors at all stages of the process, from conducting an interdisciplinary scientific and theoretical analysis of the problem to presenting the main scientific results at the regional, all-Russian and international levels, made it possible to develop organizational, methodological and pedagogical support for the open network experimental Foresight platform. The study identified interactive content, created methods and programs to support the activities of the scientific and methodological laboratory of professional self-development.
A contribuição e socialização dos conhecimentos da neuroanatomia no contexto da sala de aula, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: Souza Cabello Carlos Alberto de , Siniscalchi Mariangela H.
Published: June 2020

O objetivo desse trabalho é expor diversas reflexões sobre a necessária participação da neurobiologia no universo escolar e o urgente entendimento das teorias pedagógicas no que concerne aos procedimentos utilizados no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Destaca-se a importância de se conscientizar professores e pais para o desenvolvimento e a melhoria de práticas a fim de se alcançar sucesso na aprendizagem. Aborda também a importância do entendimento do sistema nervoso central e suas influências no aprendizado. Desperta a necessidade dos professores saberem dosar a quantidade de conteúdos transmitidos em relação ao tempo para que os alunos dediquem atenção ao conhecimento transmitido. Enfatiza o papel da emoção e da motivação, suas influências nos sistemas neuronais, que estabelecem quais informações serão guardadas. Salienta as influências do sistema de recompensas e a importância das alterações vistas e vivenciadas no mundo ao nosso redor. Propicia condições de entender a necessidade de os professores e pais conhecerem melhor seus alunos/filhos para adequar os conteúdos curriculares às competências individuais, descobrindo o que desperta a curiosidade e dá alegria aos aprendizes. Critica a prática de cobrar dos alunos com suas deficiências e destaca a importância de expandir capacidades preexistentes. Destaca a importância da psicogene da escrita e da leitura e suas profundas influências na criação do raciocínio abstrato, destacando formas para despertar um melhor desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas tais como a linguagem e a atenção e consequentemente o aprendizado inclusive da matemática, desde que ocorra emoção motivação.
[Reseña] ¿Por qué va ganando la educación a distancia?
Authors: García García-Cervigón Josefina
Published: June 2020

Lorenzo García Aretio. ¿Por qué va ganando la educación a distancia? Estudios de educación a distancia. Madrid: UNED, 2009, 419 págs. ISBN: 978-84-36258790

La Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) inició este tipo de educación hace varias décadas constituyéndose, de esta manera, en una punta de lanza de la educación a distancia. No obstante, poco a poco se han ido incorporando a este ámbito casi todas las universidades presenciales. Debido a esta expansión e interés por la educación a distancia cobra relevancia toda publicación científica que implique una consolidación de las bases teóricas, técnicas, investigadoras y científicas, en general, sobre la misma.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Perimbangan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Sumatera Selatan 2014-2018
Authors: Hasan Endang
Published: June 2020

The implementation of cooperative’s function are reduce unemployment and alleviate poverty, in one condition, that the cooperative growing rapidly.  Therefore, the main objective of this article is to know the effect of cooperatvie growth on poverty and unemployment ,in South Sumatera Province in term of 2006-2019. The analysis based on secondary data that obtained from Regional Bureau of Statistics.

The result of the analysis are cooperative growth influence only 0,3% to poverty and, 1,6% to unemployment. In the other words, cooperative growth is not significant effect to poverty and unemployment. That is because coopertative inability to growth and most of the cooperative have many problems both internal and external.
THE INFLUENCE OF WAGE COMPENSATION AND AWARDS TO WORK SPIRIT
Authors: Feriyana Winda
Published: June 2020

This study aims to analyze partially or jointly about the effect of wage compensation, appreciation of employee morale and analyze the most dominant variables in influencing employee morale in the Manufacture of Roof Tile and Bricks in Belitang, East OKU. With a correlation coefficient of 0.935 at the 95% confidence level, it was obtained an understanding that wage and award compensation simultaneously had a positive influence on work morale of 86.5% and had a significant influence. This is confirmed by the analysis of the coefficient of determination (Adjusted Rsquare) the effect of wage compensation and appreciation for employee work spirit in Belitang, East OKU Manufacture of Roof Tile and Bricks at 0.865. This research was conducted to 30 respondents with the analytical method used is path analysis using SPSS software.
FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS PENERAPAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN BERDASARKAN SAK ETAP PADA UMKM DI KOTA PALEMBANG.
Authors: Lis Djuniar
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of educational educational bacground, level of education, business age, zise of business, and provision of information on the implementation of financial statements based on SAK ETAP in MSMEs in Palembang. This type of research was associative research. This research was conducted at the UMK in Palembang. The variables in this study were educational background, education level, business size, and provision of sociallization. The data used was primary data with data collection techniques namely questionnaires and interviews with 100 respondents. Based on the results of research conducted at the UMK in Palembang. Conclusions can be taken simultaneously that educational background, level of education, size of business, and provision of socialization had an influence and significant effect on the application of financial statments based on SAK ETAP, while partially background variables education, level of education, size of business, and provision of socialization had an influence and significant effect on the application of financial statments based on SAK ETAP.
Possibility of refreshing binders in old asphalt pavements
Authors: Mieczkowski Paweł
Published: June 2020

Asphalt pavements in Poland need renovation. One of the main reasons for their destruction (cracks, losses of grains, chippings) is too small amount of bitumen and its hardness, which is the result of aging. In this case, repairs can be performed in hot recycling technology in place. However, this requires changes in the way of heating the pavement and the use of special refreshing additives. The studies indicate that for this purpose you can use various means, both derivatives of petroleum (mineral oil, oil-resin product) and produced from renewable sources (vegetable oils). However, they require the use of additional preparations to help them connect with old bitumen and increase the compatibility of mixtures. The study of base bitumen and asphalt mixtures suggests that such a role may meet improving adhesion additives, wherein the efficiency of the process should be improved, especially in the case of vegetable and mineral oils.
MICROBIAL SUCCESSIONS AT CHICKEN MANURE COMPOSTING WITH CELLULOLYTIC MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Miahka M. V. , Derkach S. M. , Volkohon V. V. , Dimova S. B. , Pyrih O. V. , Lutsenko N. V.
Published: June 2020

Chicken manure composting with selected cellulosolytic microorganisms provides differenteffects on the development of microorganisms of certain ecological trophic groups. Introduction tothe organic substrate bacteria of the Bacillus genus promoted the increase of the cellulolytic bacteriaquantity, while addition of the bacteria of Trichoderma genus stabilized the number of micromycetes in the compost. Microorganisms that have the greatest positive effect on the developmentof compost microbiota were selected
PRODUCTIVITY OF POTATOES MICROPLANTS IN VIVO GROWN UNDER THE ACTION OF DIFFERENT LIGHTNING SPECTRA
Authors: Reshotko L. M. , Derevianko S. V. , Dmytruk O. O.
Published: June 2020

It has been established that the use of additional lightning by phyto LEDs undercultivation of potatoes microplants provides a positive effect on the survival and productivity ofpotatoes microplants in open ground conditions. Depending on the type of potato and thedifferent lighting spectrum, the survival rate of potatoes microplants was 66–86 % with thesurvival rates in the control 53 – 77 %; an increase in the multiplication factor of plants by 0.5 –0.8 units, depending on the type of potato and the different lighting spectrum, an increase in theaverage weight of the clone by 5.02 – 19.95 %, depending on the variety.
Stati generali
Authors: Giovanardi Claudio
Published: June 2020

Un lettore ci chiedono se sia “lecito” usare Stati Generali per indicare l’incontro voluto dal presidente del Consiglio Giuseppe Conte svoltosi nei giorni scorsi; un altro nota che in passato si è usata la stessa espressione riferita a importanti riunioni di professionisti di ambiti diversi intorno a un tema comune.