bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Evaluation Modeling Method of User Experience Quality under Uncertain Noise Environment
Authors: Yin Die , Li Taifu , Liao Zhiqiang
Published: December 2020

Experience economy is a trend of future economic development. Enterprises can only occupy the market more successfully by enhancing the user experience in product design. The user’s product experience is affected by uncertainty noises (such as the user’s environment and different users), rendering the user experience quality evaluation results highly variable. The purpose of this paper is to study the modeling method of user experience quality evaluations under uncertain environmental noises; inspired by normal ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators, the normal distribution probability density function is implemented to improve the normal ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators, and a new modeling method designed for the evaluation of user experience quality under uncertainty is proposed, which can overcome the disadvantage of unreasonable weight distribution when the data size and location are different, as well as weigh the importance of both the value and the location of the data. The simulation results show that this method is more effective, accurate, and feasible than the conventional order weighted synthesis operator method. The feasibility and validity of this method are proved by user experience and comparative experiments of multiattribute bread products.
Fixed-Point Results for Generalized
α
-Admissible Hardy-Rogers’ Contractions in Cone

b

2

-Metric Spaces over Banach’s Algebras with Application
Authors: Islam Ziaul , Sarwar Muhammad , de la Sen Manuel
Published: December 2020

In the current manuscript, the notion of a cone

b

2

-metric space over Banach’s algebra with parameter

b

≻
¯

e

is introduced. Furthermore, using

α

-admissible Hardy-Rogers’ contractive conditions, we have proven fixed-point theorems for self-mappings, which generalize and strengthen many of the conclusions in existing literature. In order to verify our key result, a nontrivial example is given, and as an application, we proved a theorem that shows the existence of a solution of an infinite system of integral equations.
Study on the Properties of Epoxy Composites Using Fly Ash as an Additive in the Presence of Nanoclay: Mechanical Properties, Flame Retardants, and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Pham Thi Mai Huong
Published: December 2020

Small and light fly ash is a by-product of thermal power plants, in which oxides mainly present in fly ash are suitable to reinforce composite materials. Its content accounts for 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of those materials. However, due to the smooth surface, it cannot stick completely in plastics. Therefore, in this work, it was studied to combine nanoclay additive (I.30 E) with 1, 3, and 5% by weight to synergize to improve mechanical strength, fire retardation, and electrical properties. Mechanical properties and flame retardant properties have improved markedly. At the combined ratio of 40% by weight of fly ash and 3% nanoclay, nanocomposites have tensile strength values of 64.12 MPa, flexural strength of 89.27 MPa, compressive strength of 215.23 MPa, and impact resistance of Izod 14.45 kJ/m2, oxygen index limited to 26.8% of fire retardant material. In terms of dielectric strength, the electric strength of pure epoxy is 17.5 kV/mm, higher than that before adding nanoclay (12.7 kV/mm). The presence of nanoclays in the material creates a tortuous electric path, slowing the propagation of the power plant, which is the main factor that improves the breaking strength of the nanocomposite.
Permeability Reduction and Electrochemical Impedance of Fractured Rock Grouted by Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation
Authors: Peng Shuquan , Zhang Kejia , Fan Ling , Kang Jingyu , Peng Kang , Wang Fan
Published: December 2020

The poor impermeability of fractured rock induced by excavation and construction is improved through the application of microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP), but it is difficult to monitor and evaluate the permeability reduction under a confining pressure and fracture aperture. For this, the grouting ratio, permeability, and electrochemical impedance of fractured rock with MICP grouting were experimented with, considering the effects of fracture aperture and confining pressure. The equivalent circuit model of grouting-fractured rock is presented, and the corresponding ratio of the electrical resistivity and cross-sectional area of the grouted fracture (

ρ

/

S

) is indicated by an electrochemical impedance spectroscope (EIS). The relationships of the permeability coefficient, the

ρ

/

S

, and the grouting ratio are analysed. The experimental results show that the Darcy permeability coefficient of fractured rock with MICP grouting is reduced by an order of magnitude of 3 to 4. As fracture aperture ranged from 1.28 to 2.56 mm and grouting rate was 0.003 ml/s, the Darcy permeability coefficient decreased with an increase in confining pressure. The grouting ratio and fracture aperture also decreased with a reduction in

ρ

/

S

. The results also showed that the permeability reduction of MICP correspondingly increased in these conditions. What is more, the Darcy permeability coefficient of fractured rock grouted by MICP and its permeability reduction may be well predicted by confining pressure and

ρ

/

S

. This study provides a new EIS method for predicting the reduction in permeability of MICP grouting-fractured rock and further enriches the application of MICP and EIS techniques in impermeable rock engineering.
Finite-Time Bounded Control for Coupled Parabolic PDE-ODE Systems Subject to Boundary Disturbances
Authors: Li Manna , Mao Weijie
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the finite-time bounded control problem for coupled parabolic PDE-ODE systems subject to time-varying boundary disturbances and to time-invariant boundary disturbances is considered. First, the concept of finite-time boundedness is extended to coupled parabolic PDE-ODE systems. A Neumann boundary feedback controller is then designed in terms of the state variables. By applying the Lyapunov-like functional method, sufficient conditions which ensure the finite-time boundedness of closed-loop systems in the presence of time-varying boundary disturbances and time-invariant boundary disturbances are provided, respectively. Finally, the issues regarding the finite-time boundedness of coupled parabolic PDE-ODE systems are converted into the feasibility of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and the effectiveness of the proposed results is validated with two numerical simulations.
Fuzzy Obstacle Avoidance for the Mobile System of Service Robots
Authors: Tseng Shih-Pang , Chen Che-Wen , Kuan Ta-Wen , Hsu Yao-Tsung , Wang Jhing-Fa
Published: December 2020

This study implements Fuzzy logic-based obstacle avoidance and human tracking on an omnidirectional mobile system for service robots. The mobile system could be separated and combined with the robot which can be controlled remotely and switched to go forward and avoid obstacles in an indoor environment automatically. The system is able to track and go to the user according to the user’s position. The omnidirectional wheel was adapted in the power system to perform translating and spinning movements. The translating movement enables the robot to avoid obstacles faster and flexibly in paths. With the spinning movement, the robot can quickly find the direction of the object. Finally, the experiments show that the proposed system has good performance in service environments.
Higher Serum‐Soluble α‐Klotho Level Does Not Predict Longer Survival after Stroke
Authors: Adamska-Tomaszewska Dagmara , Wajda Jarosław , Wyskida Katarzyna , Bednarczyk Dawid , Świat Maciej , Owczarek Aleksander J. , Puzianowska-Kuźnicka Monika , Olszanecka-Glinianowicz Magdalena , Chudek Jerzy
Published: December 2020

Aims and Scope. Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. It has been suggested that the Klotho protein, playing a preventive role in the development of atherosclerosis, may be associated with a better recovery after IS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze whether Klotho serum levels indeed correlate with long‐term IS outcomes, such as overall survival (OS) and stroke‐free survival (SFS). Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 217 patients with onset of IS symptoms within 24 hours before admission to the hospital. IS was diagnosed using the WHO criteria and radiology imaging. ELISA kits were used to assess soluble α‐Klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 serum levels. Results. There were 5 recurrent strokes and 89 deaths during the 36‐month follow‐up. Even though no significant differences in OS and SFS between soluble α‐Klotho level tertile groups were recorded, unexpectedly, OS and SFS were highest in patients with the lowest soluble α‐Klotho concentrations. Moreover, the Cox proportional models adjusted for established risk factors, kidney function, and the severity of stroke revealed that each 100 pg/mL increase in soluble α‐Klotho levels was associated with decreased OS (HR = 0.951 (0.908–0.995), p < 0.05) and SFS (HR = 0.949 (0.908–0.993), p < 0.05). In addition, the α‐Klotho to iFGF23 index was predicting neither OS nor SFS. Conclusion. Soluble α‐Klotho levels in serum were not related to the severity of neurological deficits and long‐term outcomes in patients with IS. No neuroprotective effect of soluble α‐Klotho levels in patients with IS was demonstrated.
HDP-101, an Anti-BCMA Antibody–Drug Conjugate, Safely Delivers Amanitin to Induce Cell Death in Proliferating and Resting Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Figueroa-Vazquez Vianihuini , Ko Jonathan , Breunig Christian , Baumann Anja , Giesen Nicola , Pálfi Anikó , Müller Christoph , Lutz Christian , Hechler Torsten , Kulke Michael , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Krämer Alwin , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Pahl Andreas , Raab Marc S.
Published: December 2020

Despite major treatment advances in recent years, patients with multiple myeloma inevitably relapse. The RNA polymerase II complex has been identified as a promising therapeutic target in both proliferating and dormant cancer cells. Alpha-amanitin, a toxin so far without clinical application due to high liver toxicity, specifically inhibits this complex. Here, we describe the development of HDP-101, an anti–B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) antibody conjugated with an amanitin derivative. HDP-101 displayed high efficacy against both proliferating and resting myeloma cells in vitro, sparing BCMA-negative cells. In subcutaneous and disseminated murine xenograft models, HDP-101 induced tumor regression at low doses, including durable complete remissions after a single intravenous dose. In cynomolgus monkeys, HDP-101 was well tolerated with a promising therapeutic index. In conclusion, HDP-101 safely and selectively delivers amanitin to myeloma cells and provides a novel therapeutic approach to overcome drug resistance in this disease.
EMT-Induced Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer Involves the Functional Loss of Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1
Authors: Weadick Brenna , Nayak Debasis , Persaud Avinash K. , Hung Sau Wai , Raj Radhika , Campbell Moray J. , Chen Wei , Li Junan , Williams Terence M. , Govindarajan Rajgopal
Published: December 2020

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells drives cancer chemoresistance, yet the molecular events of EMT that underpin the acquisition of chemoresistance are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a loss of gemcitabine chemosensitivity facilitated by human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) during EMT in pancreatic cancer and identify that cadherin switching from the epithelial (E) to neuronal (N) type, a hallmark of EMT, contributes to this loss. Our findings demonstrate that N-cadherin decreases ENT1 expression, membrane localization, and gemcitabine transport, while E-cadherin augments each of these. Besides E- and N-cadherin, another epithelial cell adhesion molecule, EpCAM, played a more prominent role in determining ENT1 membrane localization. Forced expression of EpCAM opposed cadherin switching with restored ENT1 expression, membrane localization, and gemcitabine transport in EMT-committed pancreatic cancer cells. In gemcitabine-treated mice, EpCAM-positive tumors had high ENT1 expression and reduced metastasis, whereas tumors with N-cadherin expression resisted gemcitabine treatment and formed extensive secondary metastatic nodules. Tissue microarray profiling and multiplexed IHC analysis of pancreatic cancer patient-derived primary tumors revealed EpCAM and ENT1 cell surface coexpression is favored, and ENT1 plasma membrane expression positively predicted median overall survival times in patients treated with adjuvant gemcitabine. Together, our findings identify ENT1 as an inadvertent target of EMT signaling mediated by cadherin switching and provide a mechanism by which mesenchymal pancreatic cancer cells evade gemcitabine therapy during EMT.
Acute Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: A Controlled Study in Adults with Asthma
Authors: Gaisberger Martin , Wass Romana Elisabeth , Dobias Heidemarie , Grabcanovic-Musija Fikreta , Weiss Gertraud , Lamprecht Bernd , Kaiser Bernhard , Studnicka Michael , Hartl Arnulf
Published: December 2020

Background: Short-term, indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is still highly prevalent; however, little is known about the acute lung response in adult asthma. Objectives: We investigated whether acute, experimental ETS exposure influences symptoms, lung function, and inflammatory parameters. Methods: Human subjects with asthma (n = 23) were exposed for 180 min to either room air or ETS at 250, 450, or 850 µg/m3. Respiratory symptoms, lung function, and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured. Additionally, blood samples were analyzed for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results: Humans with asthma demonstrate an increase in respiratory symptoms at all levels of ETS exposure, while the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FeNO decrease with increasing ETS. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 increases at intermediate ETS concentrations, whereas tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-8 increase only at the highest ETS concentration. Conclusion: Following 180 min of acute, experimental ETS exposure, we observed a significant increase in respiratory symptoms, a decrease in lung function, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines, indicating an acute lung response in asthma.
Acupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Iontophoresis Treatment for Chronic Progressive Cervical Intervertebral Disk Disease in a Dog
Authors: Song Wanrong , Pang Haidong , Cui Jingwen , Lin Degui , Lin Jiahao
Published: December 2020

Case Report: A 12-year-old castrated male dog with nonambulatory tetraplegia was diagnosed with spinal stenosis at C3–C4 through X-ray examination and with ventral extradural spinal compression at C3–C4 through myelography and computed tomography. The diagnosis of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine was local Qi and blood stagnation, spleen Qideficiency, blood deficiency, and kidney Yang deficiency. We initiated treatment using a combination of acupuncture and Chinese medicine iontophoresis with laser therapy. After 12 treatment days, there was a significant improvement in the dog’s ambulation function, which was indicated by proper walking and flexible head-turning. Conclusion: This indicates that combining acupuncture and Chinese medicine iontophoresis could be a potential treatment for chronic progressive cervical intervertebral disk disease in dogs.
An Unusual Case of Migraine Preconception and Severe Postpartum Headache and Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Fatima Nighat , Salman Ayesha , Hamza Lama Khalid , Shakeel Tooba
Published: December 2020

Migraine affects many women in their childbearing years and gets worse during pregnancy, probably due to fluctuations in reproductive hormones. Similar changes in maternal physiology due to pregnancy increase the susceptibility toward secondary headache disorders and can cause the return of migraines in the postpartum period. Increased occurrence of headaches is also associated with the administration of epidural anesthesia, which decreases cerebrospinal fluid pressure. However, the less common causes such as secondary headache disorders related to cerebrovascular disorders and hypertension should be considered for differential diagnosis in this group of patients. In this case report, we discuss the case history of a 36-year-old woman, with a past history of migraine without aura, who presented at 1 week postpartum with headache, confusion, dizziness, right-sided weakness, and urinary incontinence. Brain imaging studies revealed global hypoxic ischemic injury to the brain. This case report discusses her presentation, investigations, management, and etiology of migraine, leading to stroke and death postpartum.
Empathy and Coping: Older Adults’ Interpersonal Tensions and Mood throughout the Day
Authors: Huo Meng , Ng Yee To , Birditt Kira S. , Fingerman Karen L.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Scholars have proposed that empathy is a key feature of strong social ties, but less is known about the role empathy plays when tensions arise. Objective: We examined whether older adults’ empathy was associated with (a) coping strategies for interpersonal tensions, and (b) mood when there were tensions throughout the day. We also explored whether coping strategies explained the potential buffering effect of empathy on older adults’ momentary mood. Methods: Older adults (N = 302) from the Daily Experiences and Well-Being Study completed a baseline survey on empathy and coping strategies. They also completed ecological momentary assessments every 3 hours each day for 5–6 days, which included questions about interpersonal tensions and mood. This study considered tensions with close partners (e.g., family and friends) and with non-close partners (e.g., acquaintances and service providers). Results: In the face of interpersonal tensions, more empathic older adults reported using more constructive and less destructive coping strategies than less empathic older adults, regardless of their closeness to social partners. Being more empathic also buffered older adults’ mood when tensions occurred with close partners, but this buffering effect was not mediated by older adults’ general preference for coping strategies. Conclusion: This study advances our understanding of empathy and interpersonal tensions in later life, with a focus on daily experiences.
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Esophageal Achalasia in Portugal: Outcomes of the First Prospective Series
Authors: Mendo Rui , Barreiro Pedro , Rodrigues José , Félix Catarina , O'Neill Catarina , Carina Iala , Chivia Joyce , Chagas Cristina
Published: December 2020

Background: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an innovative achalasia treatment procedure that involves myotomy of the lower esophageal sphincter through a submucosal tunneling approach, combining the efficacy of surgical myotomy with the benefit of being a less invasive treatment. At this time, no data are available of POEM in Portugal. This study aimed to examine the safety and short-term outcomes of POEM in a Portuguese center. Methods: Fifty POEM were performed on 49 consecutive patients at our institution between January 2017 and January 2020. A prospective study of a consecutive series of patients was conducted, including procedure time, myotomy location and length, adverse events and clinical success. An Eckardt score of ≤3 after POEM was deemed as a successful outcome. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was evaluated based on symptoms and on upper endoscopy, which was performed at 3–6 months postoperatively to check for reflux esophagitis. Results: POEM was successfully completed in all cases: 70% (n = 35) were naïve and 30% (n = 15) had previous treatments. The mean procedure time was 73.4 ± 22.6 min (range 45–125 min). There were no major adverse events. Minor adverse events were rare (8%), and there was no perioperative mortality. The Eckardt score significantly decreased from 6.9 ± 2.4 preoperatively to 0.5 ± 1.0 postoperatively (p < 0.05). Overall clinical success was documented in 98, 98 and 95.2% at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. These short-term outcomes after POEM were independent of previous treatments. Symptomatic GERD was seen in 22.4% of patients. Conclusions: Our results confirm the safety and excellent short-term efficacy of POEM in a Portuguese center. This supports POEM as one of the first-line achalasia therapies in Portugal when performed by experienced operators.
The Loss of 1p as a Reliable Marker of Progression in a Child with Aggressive Meningioma: A 16-Year Follow-Up Case Report
Authors: Hemmer Sina , Sippl Christoph , Sahm Felix , Oertel Joachim , Urbschat Steffi , Ketter Ralf
Published: December 2020

Background: Here, we present the case of a 32-year-old female with a progressing history of meningioma for 16 years starting with an ethmoidal lesion in 2002. The initial tumor specimen of this patient showed a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 through a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 11 (t[1; 11]) as well as additional chromosomal aberrations, including partial or complete monosomy of chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 11, 13, and 22. These molecular characteristics were already known to be associated with an aggressive course of the disease, and the patient was, therefore, included in a strict follow-up regime. From 2003 to 2019, the patient suffered multiple relapses and consecutive tumor resections. Methods: Tumor specimen from 2017 was examined using a genome-wide methylation analysis as well as a whole-genome sequencing. Results: These analyses confirmed the findings of 2002 and proved genetic alteration in the meningioma to be very stable over the time. Yet SMO and AKT1 mutations, which have been described to be paradigmatic in frontobasal meningioma, could not be found. Conclusions: Genetic characteristics seem to be very stable during progression of the disease. The loss of 1p represents to be a potential marker for the poor clinical course of our child meningioma. In 2019, our patient passed away due to the progress of her meningioma disease.
Biosafety Requirements for Autopsies of Patients with COVID-19: Example of a BSL-3 Autopsy Facility Designed for Highly Pathogenic Agents
Authors: Loibner Martina , Langner Christine , Regitnig Peter , Gorkiewicz Gregor , Zatloukal Kurt
Published: December 2020

Information obtained from autopsies of patients infected with high-risk pathogens is an important pillar in managing a proper response to pandemics, particular in the early phase. This is due to the fact that autopsy allows efficient evaluation of comorbidities for risk assessment, as well as identification of key pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms in organs driving the severity of disease which might be important targets for therapeutic interventions. In the case of patients who have died of infection with unknown pathogens, isolation and culture of pathogens from the affected organs is another important opportunity for a proper response to (re)emerging infectious diseases. However, the situation of COVID-19 demonstrated that there were concerns about performing autopsies because of biosafety risks. In this review we compare requirements for biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) laboratories from the European Commission and the World Health Organization and summarize specific recommendations for postmortem analysis of COVID-19-deceased patients from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Furthermore, we describe in detail a BSL-3 facility with enhanced protection of personnel and an environment that has been designed for performing autopsies, biobanking of collected tissue specimens, and culture of pathogens in cases of high-risk pathogen infections and report on the experience obtained in operating this facility in the context of COVID-19.
Identification and Characterization of Plasmin-Independent Thrombolytic Enzymes
Authors: Hassan Md. Mehedi , Sharmin Shirina , Kim Hyeon-Jin , Hong Seong-Tshool
Published: December 2020

Rationale:

Current thrombolytic agents activate plasminogen to plasmin which triggers fibrinolysis to dissolve thrombi. Since plasmin is a nonspecific proteolytic enzyme, all of the current plasmin-dependent thrombolytics lead to serious hemorrhagic complications, demanding a new class of fibrinolytic enzymes independent from plasmin activation and undesirable side effects. We speculated that the mammalian version of bacterial heat-shock proteins could selectively degrade intravascular thrombi, a typical example of a highly aggregated protein mixture.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to identify enzymes that can dissolve intravascular thrombi specifically without affecting fibrinogen and fibronectin so that the wound healing processes remain uninterrupted and tissues are not damaged. In this study, HtrA (high-temperature requirement A) proteins were tested for its specific proteolytic activity on intravascular thrombi independently from plasmin activation.

Methods and Results:

HtrA1 and HtrA2/Omi proteins, collectively called as HtrAs, lysed ex vivo blood thrombi by degrading fibrin polymers. The thrombolysis by HtrAs was plasmin-independent and specific to vascular thrombi without causing the systemic activation of plasminogen and preventing nonspecific proteolysis of other proteins including fibrinogen and fibronectin. As expected, HtrAs did not disturb clotting and wound healing of excised wounds from mouse skin. It was further confirmed in a tail bleeding and a rebleeding assay that HtrAs allowed normal clotting and maintenance of clot stability in wounds, unlike other thrombolytics. Most importantly, HtrAs completely dissolved blood thrombi in tail thrombosis mice, and the intravenous injection of HtrAs to mice with pulmonary embolism completely dissolved intravascular thrombi and thus rescued thromboembolism.

Conclusions:

Here, we identified HtrA1 and HtrA2/Omi as plasmin-independent and highly specific thrombolytics that can dissolve intravascular thrombi specifically without bleeding risk. This work is the first report of a plasmin-independent thrombolytic pathway, providing HtrA1 and HtrA2/Omi as ideal therapeutic candidates for various thrombotic diseases without hemorrhagic complications.
Plymouth Plantation's Place in the Atlantic World
Authors: Pestana Carla Gardina
Published: December 2020

When Boston entered its pandemic lockdown in early March, it forced the cancellation of the Congregational Library's symposium “1620: New Perspectives on the Pilgrim Legacy.” With the cooperation of the director of the library, the Rev. Stephen Butler Murray, the four presenters—Carla Gardina Pestana, David Silverman, John G. Turner, and Francis Bremer—agreed to have the QUARTERLY publish revised versions of their talks with Kenneth P. Minkema as the guest editor of the papers. Far from seeing Plimoth as a minor backwater in the English settlement of Massachusetts, each of the essays situates the history of Plymouth Colony in more complex contexts: in its web of Atlantic connections, in the Indigenous identification of Anglo settlement as a cause of mourning, in its participation in the processes of enslavement, and in its larger impact upon the puritan, New England Way.
Archaeological Evidence for Persian Elites in the Fifth Century B.C.
Authors: Bahadori Ali
Published: December 2020

An analysis of a group of the administrative texts from the Persepolis Fortification Archive gives the impression that the Fahliyān region in northwestern Fārs was probably the heart of the territory in which the Patischorian tribe and Gobryas family were centered in the Achaemenid period. This article attempts to examine hypothetically the connection between archaeological remains discovered in the Fahliyān region with the Patischorian tribe. Above all, the monumental building excavated in Jenjān and the well-known rockcut tomb of Dā-u Dokhtar might have been a tribal seat and a tomb of Gobryas respectively. An argument on the possible connection between the seals used on the so-called Gobryas texts and the Gobryas family is also of especial significance with the interesting result that the stamp was a favorable type-seal for this family. Both of this evidence seems to suggest the Elamite and Greek personal trends of Gobryas, a fact inherited in his role in the political events of the age.
Science and the Pragmatist Image of Humanity: Lessons from Wilfrid Sellars and Beyond
Authors: Višňovský Emil
Published: December 2020

The paper focuses on the pragmatist image of humanity based on a re-reading of the philosophical “manifesto” of Wilfrid Sellars (1963) in which he became entangled in the dichotomy between “scientific” and “manifest” images. The key to solving this problem, according to the author, is the new pragmatist understanding of science as a cultural practice, which provide us with a new framework for transcending this dichotomy. By reconstructing Sellars in an anthropological rather than a scientistic way and by drawing on humanistic philosophical intentions that are present both in pragmatism and in Sellars, it becomes possible to outline a concept of “science with a human face.” The purpose of all kinds of images, including scientific ones, is to serve the enrichment of human understanding and life.
Pandemic and Academic Publishing in India
Authors: Devasar Nitasha
Published: December 2020

Academic publishing must change quickly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In India, where publishing has a close and symbiotic relationship with the educational system, it has the means to do so. There is a young population, an aspirational nation, and a pandemic-induced opportunity to expand publishing’s digital footprint while rebuilding its traditional forms to provide blended learning and format-neutral options. There is no dearth of demand for academic content and expertise and the changing trajectories of learning and access provide opportunities for collaboration and partnerships both within Indian publishing and with the wider educational and technology ecosystem. The resilience of Indian publishing, which celebrates 75 years in 2022, lies in this collaborative spirit and responsive approach.
Stereoscopic Monitoring: A Promising Strategy to Advance Diagnostic and Prediction of Air Pollution
Authors: Liu Cheng , Gao Meng , Hu Qihou , Brasseur Guy P. , Carmichael Gregory R.
Published: December 2020

Monitoring and modeling/predicting air pollution are crucial to understanding the links between emissions and air pollution levels, to supporting air quality management, and to reducing human exposure. Yet, current monitoring networks and modeling capabilities are unfortunately inadequate to understand the physical and chemical processes above ground and to support attribution of sources. We highlight the need for the development of an international stereoscopic monitoring strategy that can depict three-dimensional (3D) distribution of atmospheric composition to reduce the uncertainties and to advance diagnostic understanding and prediction of air pollution. There are three reasons for the implementation of stereoscopic monitoring: 1) current observation networks provide only partial view of air pollution, and this can lead to misleading air quality management actions; 2) satellite retrievals of air pollutants are widely used in air pollution studies, but too often users do not acknowledge that they have large uncertainties, which can be reduced with measurements of vertical profiles; and 3) air quality modeling and forecasting require 3D observational constraints. We call on researchers and policymakers to establish stereoscopic monitoring networks and share monitoring data to better characterize the formation of air pollution, optimize air quality management, and protect human health. Future directions for advancing monitoring and modeling/predicting air pollution are also discussed.
Dominant Characteristics of Early Autumn Arctic Sea Ice Variability and Its Impact on Winter Eurasian Climate
Authors: Ding Shuoyi , Wu Bingyi , Chen Wen
Published: December 2020

The present study investigated dominant characteristics of autumn Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) interannual variations and impacts of September–October (SO) mean SIC anomalies in the East Siberian–Chukchi–Beaufort (EsCB) Seas on winter Eurasian climate variability. Results showed that the decreased SO EsCB sea ice is favorable for tropospheric warming and positive geopotential height anomaly over the Arctic region one month later through transporting much more heat flux to the atmosphere from the open water. When entering the early winter (November–January), enhanced upward propagation of quasi-stationary planetary waves in the mid-high latitudes generates anomalous Eliassen–Palm flux convergence in the upper troposphere, which decelerates the westerly winds and maintains the positive geopotential height anomaly in the Arctic region. This anticyclonic anomaly extends southward into central-western Eurasia and leads to evident surface cooling there. Two months later, it further develops downstream accompanied by a deepened trough, making northeastern China experience a colder late winter (January–March). Meanwhile, an anticyclonic anomaly over the eastern North Pacific excites a horizontal eastward wave train and contributes to a positive (negative) geopotential height anomaly around Greenland (Europe), favoring a negative surface temperature anomaly over western Europe. In addition, the stratospheric polar vortex is also significantly weakened in the wintertime, which is attributed to a decreased meridional temperature gradient, and decelerated westerly winds provide a favorable condition for more quasi-stationary planetary waves propagating into the stratosphere. Some major features of atmospheric responses to EsCB sea ice loss are well reproduced in the CAM4 sensitivity experiments.
Enhanced electrical, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties of carbon-carbon composites using carbon nanotubes coated carbon textile as reinforcement
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Kar Kamal K , Dasgupta Kinshuk
Published: December 2020

In this research work, Carbon-carbon composites (CCCs) were fabricated via carbonization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-coated carbon textile (CNT-CF) reinforced polymer matrix composites (PMCs) preforms at 600, 900, 1200, and 1500 °C in a tubular furnace. To obtain CNT-CF, MWCNTs were produced radially on the surface of the nano-nickel particles plated carbon textile at 700°C using catalytic chemical vapor deposition method and C2H2 gas as a carbon source. The effects of CNT coating on carbon textiles were evaluated using FESEM, HR-TEM, XRD, Raman, TGA, and BET analysis. The effects of heat treatment temperatures on CNTs coated and uncoated PMCs manufactured using simple hand-layup method subsequently hot compressing were evaluated through XRD, FESEM, density, electrical conductivity measurement, tensile and flexural test, and viscoelastic properties using DMTA. The CNT coated CCCs obtained at 1500°C exhibited ∼ 66, 62, 83, 27, 44, 30, and 36% enhancement in electrical conductivity, storage modulus, loss modulus, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of CNT coated CCCs, respectively compare to uncoated CCCs. Moreover, substantial enhancement in thermal stability of PMCs and CCCs make CNT-CF as one of the competent alternate reinforcement for the fabrication of structural parts used in high-performance applications.
The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the properties of graphene reinforced aluminium matrix composites
Authors: Güler Ömer , Bağcı Nihal , Güler Seval Hale , Canbay Canan A , Safa Hasan , Yılmaz Taha A , Taşkın Mustafa
Published: December 2020

In the present study, graphene nanosheets were synthesised by liquid phase exfoliation process, and the obtained graphene was reinforced in the rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.6 wt.%. After the composites were characterised, they were exposed to Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process. While 0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% graphene reinforced composite samples successfully completed the ECAP process, 0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% graphene reinforced composite samples were broken during the ECAP process. Electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the composite increased with the increased amount of graphene. The mechanical properties of ECAP-processed samples showed significant increases compared to non-ECAP processed samples. To figure out the effect of the ECAP process, moulds with different channel angles were used, the ECAP temperature was changed, and different passes were performed and the angles of 120° and 90° were used. ECAP-processed samples in both mould angles showed similar mechanical properties. With the increasing ECAP temperature, the mechanical properties of the sample decreased, but its electrical conductivity increased. As the number of passes increased, mechanical properties increased and crack formation in material increased. In addition, it was not possible to successfully remove the matrix composites containing more than 0.3 wt.% graphene from the ECAP process. Especially in the sample containing 0.6 wt.% graphene, brittle fractures were seen during the ECAP process and the sample was divided into many parts. The results showed that the composite responded better to the ECAP process when low amounts of graphene were reinforced in the al matrix. Significant improvements were observed in the properties of these composites after the ECAP process. In this study, the properties of composites with and without ECAP process were extensively investigated. The results were compared in detail with the previous studies. The graphene was produced using a simple method and it was reinforced with the Al matrix with the easiest possible method.
Small bowel wall edema induced by regorafenib is associated with regorafenib intolerance and shorter survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Karakurt Eryılmaz Melek , Kerimoğlu Ülkü , Karaağaç Mustafa , Yalçın Müsri Fatma , Araz Murat , Artaç Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Regorafenib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is a routinely used targeted agent in the current treatment of patients with refractory metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). The aims of this study were to detect the presence of bowel wall edema during regorafenib treatment via computed tomography (CT) and to assess the relationship between survival and regorafenib-induced bowel wall edema in patients with mCRC receiving regorafenib.

Patients and methods

We retrospectively evaluated the presence of bowel wall edema on CT of 25 mCRC patients who received regorafenib and analyzed its relationship with progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

Among the 25 patients, 25 had small bowel wall edema (SBWE) and 14 had large bowel wall edema (LBWE) on at least one CT examination. The median SBWE value was 4.85 milimeters (mm). Of the 25 patients, 14 had SBWE ≤4.85 mm and 11 had SBWE >4.85 mm. Regorafenib intolerance was significantly higher at SBWE >4.85 mm patients (p = 0.03). The median PFS was 4.6 months (95% CI: 2.4–6.8) and median OS was 9.3 months (95% CI: 3.1–15.4). Median PFS and OS were shorter in patients with SBWE > 4.85 mm than in those with ≤4.85 mm, but not statistically significant (median PFS: 3.9 vs 4.6 months, p: 0.523; median OS: 5.6 vs 9.3 months, p: 0.977).

Conclusions

Regorafenib caused SBWE in patients with mCRC. Patients who developed more SBWE had a higher regorafenib intolerance and a shorter survival. Further studies are needed to confirm the predictor value of SBWE on the survival outcomes of patients with mCRC receiving regorafenib.
Effect of stacking sequence on the mechanical properties of pseudo-ductile thin-ply unidirectional carbon-basalt fibers/epoxy composites
Authors: Saleh Mousavi-Bafrouyi SM , Eslami-Farsani Reza , Geranmayeh Abdolreza
Published: December 2020

In this study, the flexural and impact properties of hybrid composites including the thin-ply unidirectional (UD) carbon fibers and basalt fabrics with different stacking sequences were investigated. Hybrid composites were fabricated by 2 layers of thin-ply UD carbon fibers and 6 layers of basalt fabrics in which the position of thin-ply UD carbon fibers was changed from the center to the outermost layers for different samples. Results indicated that by embedding the thin-ply UD carbon fibers in the laminates, both flexural and impact properties of the samples were considerably improved. The highest flexural strength (451 MPa) and modulus (37 GPa) values were achieved when the thin-ply UD carbon fibers were placed at the outermost layers; these values were respectively 24% and 44% higher than those of the sample without these fibers. However, results indicated that by placing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers at the center of samples, the failure behavior of samples was changed from catastrophic failure to progressive; and a pseudo-ductile behavior was observed in the mentioned samples. The highest pseudo-ductile strain value of 0.0054 was obtained by placing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers at the center of samples. Similar to the trend pseudo-ductility of samples, the flexural strain of samples improved by nearing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers to the center of samples. Similar to the flexural strain of samples, the results of Charpy impact tests indicated that by nearing the thin-ply UD carbon fibers to the outermost layers, the absorbed energy values decreased.
Using Primary Sources to Achieve Pedagogical Goals in Sociology and Political Science at the Brooklyn College Archives
Authors: Bradley-Sanders Colleen
Published: December 2020

This article considers archival collections as a teaching tool by sociology and political science faculty at Brooklyn College, a senior college of the City University of New York known for its diverse student body and broad range of degree programs from liberal arts to business and science. Since 2012, the papers of a sociologist, an activist, campus student groups, and a boxing enthusiast have been utilized by faculty for their courses with varying goals and expectations. The author examines why classes were brought to the Archives, the pedagogical goals of the professors, what sorts of assignments came from the introduction to primary sources, and also discusses how successful class visits were created and the factors that were common to less successful uses of the archival resources. Next steps with respect to improving and expanding the use of the Archives by faculty are noted, as are the benefits to the students, faculty members and the Archives. The lessons learned by the archival staff are not unique to Brooklyn College and may be of interest to other college and university archives.
Acute erythroid leukemia is enriched in NUP98 fusions: a report from the Children’s Oncology Group
Authors: Chisholm Karen M. , Heerema-McKenney Amy E. , Choi John K. , Smith Jenny , Ries Rhonda E. , Hirsch Betsy A. , Raimondi Susana C. , Alonzo Todd A. , Wang Yi-Cheng , Aplenc Richard , Sung Lillian , Gamis Alan S. , Meshinchi Soheil , Kahwash Samir B.
Published: December 2020

Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) primarily affecting older adults and was previously classified into erythroid/myeloid and pure erythroid subtypes. In this pediatric AEL study, we evaluated morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, molecular, and clinical data of 24 (1.2%) cases from all cases undergoing central pathology review in Children’s Oncology Group trials AAML0531 and AAML1031. Of 24 cases, 5 had a pure erythroid phenotype, and 19 had an erythroid/myeloid phenotype. NUP98 fusions were highly enriched in patients with AEL, occurring in 7 of 22 cases for which molecular data were available (31.8% vs 6.7% in other AML subtypes). Of 5 cases of pure erythroid leukemias (PELs), 3 had NUP98 fusions, and 4 had complex karyotypes. Erythroid/myeloid leukemias were reclassified by using the 2017 World Health Organization hematopathology classification as: myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with excess blasts-1 (n = 3), MDS with excess blasts-2 (n = 7), AML (nonerythroid, n = 5), and unknown MDS/AML (n = 4); the 5 cases of nonerythroid AML included 1 with an NUP98–NSD1 fusion, 2 with myelodysplasia-related changes, and 1 with a complex karyotype. Three cases of MDS with excess blasts-2 also had NUP98 rearrangements. WT1 mutations were present in 5 of 14 cases, all erythroid/myeloid leukemia. Outcomes assessment revealed statistically poorer overall survival (5-year, 20% ± 36% vs 66% ± 23%; P = .004) and event-free survival (5-year, 20% ± 36% vs 46% ± 23%; P = .019) for those with PEL than those with erythroid/myeloid leukemia. Our study supports that AEL is a morphologically and genetically heterogeneous entity that is enriched in NUP98 fusions, with the pure erythroid subtype associated with particularly adverse outcomes.
International evidence-based consensus diagnostic and treatment guidelines for unicentric Castleman disease
Authors: van Rhee Frits , Oksenhendler Eric , Srkalovic Gordan , Voorhees Peter , Lim Megan , Dispenzieri Angela , Ide Makoto , Parente Sophia , Schey Stephen , Streetly Matthew , Wong Raymond , Wu David , Maillard Ivan , Brandstadter Joshua , Munshi Nikhil , Bowne Wilbur , Elenitoba-Johnson Kojo S. , Fössa Alexander , Lechowicz Mary Jo , Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Pierson Sheila K. , Greenway Amy , Nasta Sunita , Yoshizaki Kazuyuki , Kurzrock Razelle , Uldrick Thomas S. , Casper Corey , Chadburn Amy , Fajgenbaum David C.
Published: December 2020

Castleman disease (CD) includes a group of rare and heterogeneous disorders with characteristic lymph node histopathological abnormalities. CD can occur in a single lymph node station, which is referred to as unicentric CD (UCD). CD can also involve multicentric lymphadenopathy and inflammatory symptoms (multicentric CD [MCD]). MCD includes human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8)–associated MCD, POEMS-associated MCD, and HHV-8−/idiopathic MCD (iMCD). The first-ever diagnostic and treatment guidelines were recently developed for iMCD by an international expert consortium convened by the Castleman Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN). The focus of this report is to establish similar guidelines for the management of UCD. To this purpose, an international working group of 42 experts from 10 countries was convened to establish consensus recommendations based on review of treatment in published cases of UCD, the CDCN ACCELERATE registry, and expert opinion. Complete surgical resection is often curative and is therefore the preferred first-line therapy, if possible. The management of unresectable UCD is more challenging. Existing evidence supports that asymptomatic unresectable UCD may be observed. The anti–interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody siltuximab should be considered for unresectable UCD patients with an inflammatory syndrome. Unresectable UCD that is symptomatic as a result of compression of vital neighboring structures may be rendered amenable to resection by medical therapy (eg, rituximab, steroids), radiotherapy, or embolization. Further research is needed in UCD patients with persisting constitutional symptoms despite complete excision and normal laboratory markers. We hope that these guidelines will improve outcomes in UCD and help treating physicians decide the best therapeutic approach for their patients.