bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emulsion Fuels Production between Diesel and Bio-Oil Middle Fraction from Molecular Distillation
Authors: Wang Xiang Yu , Guo Zuo Gang , Wang Shu Rong
Published: June 2012

In this paper, emulsification study on bio-oil middle fraction and diesel was carried out. Mechanical and ultrasound emulsification technologies were used to prepare emulsion fuels between bio-oil middle fraction and diesel with different hydrophile and lipophile balance (HLB) values. It was found that the stability curve of emulsions had two peaks corresponding to the HLB values of 4.3 and 6, respectively. Comparable to the mechanical emulsions, the ultrasound emulsions had longer stable time. The stable time for ultrasound emulsions at the HLB values of 4.3 and 6 were 215 minutes and 143 minutes, respectively. Then the effects of surface tension and droplet size distribution on the stability of emulsions were investigated. It was found that the emulsion fuels with lower surface tension and smaller droplet size had longer stable time.
The Removal of Chromium(VI) by Synthesized CMC Stabilized Zero-Valent Iron Materials
Authors: Fan Tian En , Shen Zhen Miao , Jin Meng Yao , Zhu Jian , Wang Ning , Zhang Zhen
Published: June 2012

The removal of chromium(VI) by CMC stabilized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and the effects of reaction temperature and CMC dosage on the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) were investigated through multi-group experiments on this paper. The experiental results revealed: (1) different dosages of CMC vary the degree of impact of the removal of Cr(VI), at the concentration of 0.5 g L-1, it has the highest removal efficiency. (2)The effect of temperature on the removal efficiency is negative. The higher the temperature is, the lower will be the removal efficiency. After 120 min of treatment, the removal efficiencies of Cr(VI) at various reaction temperatures from 0, 20, 30 to 40°C were recorded as 100%, 99.75%, 97.6%, 95.75%.
Distribution Characteristics of Zn Content and its Pollution Assessment in Suzhou Street Dusts
Authors: Xu Dong Sheng
Published: June 2012

After selecting 23 samples from street pavement dust in Suzhou city, this article analyzed the Zn content in street dust with X-RF fluorescence spectrometer analysis and carried on the ecological risk evaluation. The results show that the Zn content in Suzhou street dusts is from 121 to 538 (mg / kg), and distribution characterized of different functional areas as follows: the business district > the vicinity of the station>the rest area of culture and education > the residential area> the industrial area; the accumulation index values is between 0.76 and 1.78, which is non-polluting or moderately polluted.
Determination of Main Components in the Excess Activated Sludge
Authors: Su Rui Jing , Li Deng Xin
Published: June 2012

In the study, we determine the content of the main components, i.e., protein, polysaccharides and lipids in the excess activated sludge. The measurement results were consistent with those obtained before. In conclusion, the research indicated that the waste activated sludge consisted of 73.85% organic matter, 58.1% protein, 10.39 mg/g carbohydrate, less than 1% lipid.
Protection Window Pollution Interference of the Monodispersion Soot on Measuring SO2 Concentration Using NDIR
Authors: Zhao Yan Jun , Wang Dong Xing , Lu Yi Chen , Gong Rui Kun
Published: June 2012

The non-dispersive infrared absorption spectrum method is one of the important sulfur dioxide concentration measurement method. If the soot particles attach on the protection windows surface, the original measurement light intensity is attenuated because of the absorption and scattering of the soot particle and the sulfur dioxide concentration measurement accuracy is decreased. The protection window pollution question caused by the monodispersion soot particles is discussed in the paper. The numerical simulation results show that the sulfur dioxide concentration measurement accuracy is related to the protection window pollution. The solution method is brought out and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
Study on the Treatment of Phosphate-Containing Waste Water by Modified Fly Ash
Authors: Song Juan Juan
Published: June 2012

In this study, fly ash was modified by concentrated sulfuric acid, and it was used in the treatment of phosphorus-containing wastewater, then we have investigated the impact of the different modification conditions on the adsorption, the results show that: in the condition of 5g of fly ash by adding 0.15 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid and 3 mL water, 1.5 h of drying time, the temperature of 100°C, the effect of removaling Phosphorus is the best,and the adsorption efficiency can reach 94.6%. The adsorption rate was fast, and the adsorption can react in condition of wide pH value.
Research on Aging Properties of Tourmaline Modified Asphalt
Authors: Hu Su Min , Wang Chao Hui , Du Qun Le , Li Rui
Published: June 2012

Aging properties of tourmaline modified asphalt prepared by melt blending were studied. The change laws of aging properties of asphalt caused by different types and contents of tourmaline were studied systematically by rotated thin film oven tests (RTFOT), in which the indices of aged residues such as softening point, penetration and ductility were tested. The results showed that the anti-aging performance of asphalt was improved effectually with addition of tourmaline, the ratio of residual penetration and ductility increased, and the softening point increment of aged asphalt decreased. The improvement of anti-aging performance of asphalt reduced with the increasing mixing amount of tourmaline. Tourmaline anion powder (5000ions) was recommended to improve the anti-aging performance of asphalt.
Experiment Study of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Gradation Fluctuation on Influence of Central Plant Hot Recycled Mixture Performance
Authors: Ming Tu Zhang , Liu Tao , Hu Guang Wei
Published: June 2012

Two experiments of direct sampling and sampling after 4.75mm sieve were prepared for the research on RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement)gradation and its variability. The results indicate that RAP gradation fluctuation causes the difficulty of controling recycled mixture gradation and the adverse impact on stability of recycled mixture. The method of sampling after 4.75mm sieve can effectively control RAP gradation fluctuation before recycled and reduce adverse impact on recycled mixture in the text.
Thermal Conductivity and Strength Properties of Soil-Based Lime Adobe Stabilized with Pottery Burnt Hull Ash
Authors: Namboonruang Weerapol , Rawangkul Rattanakorn , Yodsudjai Wanchai , Suphadon Nutthanun
Published: June 2012

This work studies the possibility to produce the new novel brick by mixing between the local soil, local lime and burnt hull ash which is the waste in the earthenware industry. All materials conducted in this work are found in Ratchaburi province located in the western of Thailand. The chemical and mechanical properties are studied including the thermal conductivity will be determined. Varying burnt hull ash (BHA) contents are added into the combination and compared properties with the soil cement brick (RCB) at the same percentage weight. Results show that the compressive strength and flexural strength of soil brick mixed with 10% constant lime and varying burnt hull ash contents (CLBA) shows the maximum values at BHA of 25% by weight at water to powder ratio of 0.4225 and the thermal conductivity of CLBA is lower than that of SCB given as 43.98%.
Division of Frost Damage Grades and its Prevention Measures in Tunnel
Authors: Luo Yan Bin , Chen Jian Xun , Chao He Lian
Published: June 2012

By analysing the cause of frost damages in tunnel, in this paper, the basic principle for prevent frost damage was puts forward. Based on the basic conditions for frost damage occurrence and the extent of frost damage, the grades of frost damage were divided. The prevention measures were made for different grades, corresponding to the concrete engineering application, the waterproof, drainage and insulation technologies were discussed integrally. The results show that, preventing frost damage in tunnel includes waterproof, drainage and anti-frost. Waterproof is the foundation, drainage is the core, and anti-frost is the key. The average temperature of the coldest month, the freezing depth, the occurrence and recharge of groundwater, and the infiltration situation of groundwater were chosen as the control indicators to divide the grades of frost damage into five degrees. In accordance with the different degrees of frost damage, the anti-freezing measures of using center gutter, deep center gutter, thermal-protective layer and drain cavern were proposed. The structure form which uses composite lining and set the waterproof layer between the linings, are not only benefit for waterproof and drainage, but also for anti-freezing. The hard polyurethane plank has good insulation performance and durability, it is an ideal material for anti-freezing and insulation in tunnel.
Influence of Cryogenic Treatment on Grinding Residual Stress of WC-Co Cemented Carbides
Authors: Yuan Yi Gao , Xu Cheng Hui
Published: June 2012

The changes in residual surface stress state significantly affect the mechanical behaviour of the materials. In this paper, the effect of cryogenic treatment on grinding residual stress of ultra-fine grained WC-Co hardmetals has been investigated by measuring the residual stress of ground carbide surfaces before and after cryogenic treatment. The results show that the cryogenic treatment can relieve the residual stresses of ground carbide surfaces. Relaxation degree of residual stresses is highly dependent on the process parameters of cryogenic treatment, such as soaking temperature, cooling rate and warming rate. The relaxation rate of residual stresses decreases with the decreasing of soaking temperature, warming rate or increasing cooling rate, and does not change obviously with the soaking time.
The Human Engineering Analysis of the Racing Wheelchair
Authors: Guan Tian Min , Lei Lei , Li Jiang Bo
Published: June 2012

In order to improve the human engineering properties for the racing wheelchair, using the CATIA Human Engineering Analysis module, this paper established the human body 3-D model, analyzed the eligibility of the hold and the extend for the racing wheelchair, analyzed and evaluated the comfort of three typical sports postures of human body. The general evaluation results accorded with the human body kinematic theory, and the upper limb comfort gradually became better, in a movement cycle of the upper limbs driving the wheelchair.
Design and Research on New Type Treadmill
Authors: Jiang Xiao Wei , Du Qiu Lei
Published: June 2012

In view of well- designed treadmill is advantageous to healthy, the author analyzes the design problem of the existing treadmill which exists in using function, art function and material technique function and others, discusses the shape design, the color design and the components design. Among them t the components design mainly elaborate the bottom frame design, the handrail design and other designs. Then the possibility is analyzed. On this foundation, the design practice of new type treadmill is done.
Initial Seepage Field FM Analysis
Authors: Huo Bao Rong , Yu Chong
Published: June 2012

The initial seepage field analysis is prerequisite and important content for the water-tight underground cavern design. Although the field water pressure test can provide a more accurate isotropic permeability coefficient，which does not reflect the anisotropy permeability of jointed rock mass.Based on joins network simulation technique，a new method for calculating the anisotropy permeability is proposed. Different sizes are generated with the programming language FISH embedded within 3DEC. The values of joint geometric characters and number of random joints in each group are decided through the derivable formulas. Principal value and characteristic vector of permeability tensor are easily calculated with Matlab software. Considering the space orthotropic permeability coefficient，the initial seepage inversion is completed with the fl_anisotropic model，the Fl_anisotropic model parameters are obtained from principal value and characteristic vector of permeability tensor. The inversion analysis provides initial seepage field for water-tight underground cavern water curtain design and stability analysis.
AUV Rolling Motion Control in Inland Rivers Based on Sliding Mode Control Improved by Artificial Immunity Algorithm
Authors: Li Qing Mei , Xie Shao Rong , Luo Jun , Shi Jian Fen
Published: June 2012

In order to enhance AUV motion stability in inland rivers, we introduce a new kind of sliding mode control method which is improved by artificial immunity algorithm. First, AUV motion is analyzed mathematically. Due to the disturbances from both nature and human activities, hydraulics in inland rivers is very complex. Since we concentrate on AUV motion in this paper, we simplify the environmental disturbances to two main kinds of wave forces: shallow water wave and ship wave. Then, a complete AUV rolling motion equation is established containing wave disturbances and moment from propulsion system. We use sliding mode control method to adjust propeller’s motor speed and artificial immunity algorithm to weaken the chattering brought by it. Finally, simulation of this method is carried out through Matlab and it is proved to be effective.
The Working Methods of the Servo Cam Grinder and its Accuracy Compensation Strategy
Authors: Wu Xing , Huang Xing Hong , Huang Wen Guang , Pan Xu Hua
Published: June 2012

In order to solve the problems of the cam servo grinding motion control and the contour error detection method and dedicated program development, by the online measurement technology and SINUMERIK 840D system of interpolation table and electronic gear function, Coaxial movement superimposed on the control principle and the specific NC program to achieve high-speed precision grinding cam with discrete error compensation data. The grinding tests on engineering prototype, the experimental results show that the motion control and error compensation method can to compensate for the camshaft rotational speed difference, the servo system response deviation, hardware manufacturing errors repetitive impact factors.
Log-Linear Process Modeling of Reliability Assessment for Numerical Control Machine Tools
Authors: Wang Zhi Ming
Published: June 2012

The point maximum likelihood and interval estimators of the parameters, as well as two reliability indices of the log-linear process model, including cumulative mean time between failures and reliability at given time are given. In tests for failure time trends, both the graphical methods include the mean cumulative function versus time plot and the total-time-on-test plot, and the analytical methods include the Laplace, the military handbook, and the Lewis-Robinson tests are used. A real case of failure dada with time truncation for multiple numerical control (NC) machine tools is given to illustrate the use of the proposed model.
Reliability Assessment Test Design for Numerical Control Machine Tools
Authors: Wang Zhi Ming
Published: June 2012

According to the required interval estimation precision of mean time between failures (MTBF) and reliability for numerical control (NC) machine tools, where failure processes can be described by the power law process model, the minimal testing truncated time and sample size of the reliability assessment test are given using Fisher information matrix method. The results show that there are two main factors which affect the truncated time and sample size. They are the log ratio of upper bound to lower bound and confidence of interval estimation for reliability indices, respectively. Among them, the minimal sample size increases significantly as the improvement of required precision of interval estimation for reliability indices and confidence increases, but the minimal testing truncated time is less affected by these two factors.
The Effect of Crossover and Mutation Operators on Genetic Algorithm for Job Shop Scheduling Problem
Authors: Xu Long , Hu Wen Bin
Published: June 2012

Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is a famous NP-hard problem in scheduling field. The concentration of JSSP is to find a feasible scheduling plan to figure out the earliest completion time under machine and processing sequence constraints. At present, genetic algorithm has been widely adopted in varies of operation research problems including JSSP, and good performance have been achieved. However, few work have stress the selection of varies operators when implemented for JSSP. Using benchmark problems, this paper compares the effect of crossover and mutation operators on genetic algorithm for JSSP.
Virtual Manufacturing Technology and its Application in Furniture Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Zhang Wei Mei
Published: June 2012

Virtual manufacturing technology is to realize imitation and simulation of the entire life cycle of a product from its design, processing and assembling, check and usage based on virtual reality and simulation technique by means of conducting unified modeling on the design and production process of the product. This article conducts study on application of virtual manufacturing technology in accordance with the characteristics of furniture manufacturing enterprises, introduces characteristics, implementation procedure and actual application value of virtual manufacturing in furniture manufacturing.
Study on the Reconstruction of Three-Dimensional Bed Model and Visualization
Authors: Liu Shao Hua , Wang Xin Hai , Ji Hai Qin
Published: June 2012

Reconstruction and visualization of three-dimension bed have important meaning to geology explaining and information Obtaining. This paper realizes three-dimension of the stratum model, based on TIN multilevel DEM method, with the aid of OpenGL, it realizes three-dimension visualization of stratum model, and carries on operations of illumination, roams and cuts etc.
The Design of Fingerprint Identification System Based on TMS320VC5402
Authors: Su Xin Hong , Yin Li Qiang , Gao Ling , Zhang Zhi Xia
Published: June 2012

Due to the unique and lifelong invariance characteristics of the fingerprint, this paper presents a fast fingerprint identification system by FPS200 solid-state fingerprint sensors and TMS320VC5402 DSP chip.In the system, FPS200 completed fingerprint collection, DSP chip to complete the fingerprint image pre processing of data; combined with the characteristics of the two chips, given the system hardware design, software design flow. The results showed that: the system is well designed, low cost, real-time and high reliability, with important practical value and broad application prospects.
Two-Dimensional Orthogonal Unsupervised Discriminant Projection
Authors: Liang Xing Zhu , Lin Yu E , Li Jing Zhao
Published: June 2012

Unsupervised Discriminant Projection (UDP) is one of the most promising feature extraction methods. However, UDP suffers from the small sample size problem and the optimal basis vectors obtained by the UDP are nonorthogonal. In this paper, we present a new method called Two-dimensional Orthogonal Unsupervised Discriminant Projection (2DOUDP), which is not necessary to convert the image matrix into high-dimensional image vector and does not suffer the small sample size problem. To further improve the recognition performance, the orthogonal projection matrix obtained based on Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization is given. Experimental results on ORL database indicate that the proposed 2DOUDP method achieves better recognition rate than the UDP method and some other orthogonal feature extraction algorithms.
Infinite Matrix Transformation of a Class of Operator
Authors: Gu Juan
Published: June 2012

On the basis of the uniform convergence theory, this paper discusses the infinite matrix transformation of a class of operator which includes the whole linear operators、homogeneous operator and the many nonlinear operators, and then has obtained the conclusion of the summability of nonlinear operator.
Neural Network Computing Based Text Mining and its Application
Authors: Hu Yu
Published: June 2012

With the extensive number of documents that firms must process and with the extensive amounts of information available on the Internet, an automated intelligent method is needed to sort through all available documents or sites. It would be beneficial to start with grouping similar documents or sites together based on similarities. Classifying documents and sorting them into categories could be beneficial since in most cases, no one user would be interested in all the different categories of documents at the same time. Classifying a large number of documents would also make it easier to locate a specific document. In this paper, neural network computing based text mining (TM) and its application will be discussed.
Clustering Methods Evaluation as Well as its Application to Highway Traffic Research
Authors: Chen Lan Fang , Zhang Yi Bin , Wu Gang , Chen Jia Qi
Published: June 2012

Different clustering methods featuring varied principles needed being comparatively opted. Clustering effect estimation coefficient was adopted to highway transportation research, and the best one out of clustering methods was evaluated as well as chose after comparing their findings. True as empirical analyses prove, this method is simple yet feasible, and its results are in accordance with the real conditions as well.
On a Strengthened Hardy-Littlewood-Polya Inequality
Authors: Sun Bao Ju
Published: June 2012

In this paper, by using the improved Euler-Maclaurin’s summation formula and estimating the weight coefficient, a strengthened Hardy-Littlewood-Polya inequality is established.
The Impact Analysis of University R&D on High-Tech Industry Development Based on PLS Method
Authors: Ma Xin Ping , Zhou Jun
Published: June 2012

Based on the partial least squares (PLS) method, this article use the universities total R&D expenditure within the spending, total R&D personnel full-time equivalent, the total number of papers included by foreign main search tools and the total authorized number of patent applications as the independent indicators to quantitatively analyze the impact on the high-tech industry development. The results showed that the total authorized number of patent applications and total R&D expenditure within the spending have more intense impact on high-tech industry development, while the total R&D personnel full-time equivalent is not obvious to the innovation output.
Innovating the Mode of Engineer Training and Promoting the Training Program of Excellent Engineers
Authors: Miao Xian Wen , Gu Yuan Qiang , Zhang Ke Ren
Published: June 2012

Facing the urgent needs of China's high-quality engineering and technical personnel, the Ministry of Education proposed the training program of outstanding Engineers. The Engineering Training Center, as the practice base, must play an important role in promoting “outstanding plan”. Under the guidance of the cultivation of outstanding engineering, this article mainly explores and practices the following aspects: the position of reform of the practice teaching, reconstruction of the curriculum system and course content, innovation of engineering training teaching model, enhancing the depth of cooperation with the enterprise, efforts to promote the research study.
Dynamic Investment Risk Assessment Model for Intelligent Control Firms
Authors: Kiang Yen Jo
Published: June 2012

Refer to each stage of the investment in intelligent control firms, the risk is a dynamic system with complexity for the uncertain factors existing in the process of risk estimation. Through the analysis on the risk of the investment in intelligent control firms, this article constructs a dynamic model of intelligent control firms risk estimation, which is characterized by multi-stage, multi-factor and multi-actors, with the integration of many influence factors such as the attitude of risk estimator. Moreover, based on the method of D-S evidential reasoning method, this model could transform those qualitative indexes with influence on risk into the quantitative indexes, which has the advantage to reasonably and synthetically estimate the dynamic risk of the investment in the intelligent control firms.
Multi-Signal Generator Design
Authors: Han Xian Qin , Zhu Xiang Lei
Published: June 2012

Signal generator is electronic equipment which can produce standard signals, and it often is used in industrial production electronic laboratories and the electronic equipment. Signal generator can achieve in a variety of methods, and the higher frequency and the more waveform is the better the signal generator condition. We can consider its implementation from the production and using areas. This paper will use function in the external circuit chip ICL8038 and electronic way to produce triangle wave, sine wave, rectangular wave,which are three basic rectangular waveforms, then the wave through ICM7216D, crystal, capacitors, switches and LED digital which are composed of the circuit to show the frequency and makes the sine wave produce a frequency modulation wave through FM circuit.
CSDA a Routing Protocol Based on Secure Data Fusion for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Jiang Yong Zeng , Yao Zhong Min , Zhang Yu , Wu Di , Dong Jing
Published: June 2012

Considering of routing on date aggregation and data transmission security, a routing protocol, CSDA, was put forward, which was based on the technology of secure date aggregation in the Wireless Sensor Network. It works in the network topology of sub-cluster structure, Data fusion on node level was achieved which based on the theory of fuzzy sets. Routing in cluster was achieved by updating info-stack. polymeric Data was encrypted on model code and transported. Simulation show that the protocol has good energy efficiency.
Research on Nozzle Array Structure Fluidic Gyroscope Zero Temperature Compensation
Authors: Wang Xing , Piao Lin Hua , Yu Quan Gang
Published: June 2012

The nozzle array structure fluidic gyroscope’s zero temperature compensation was researched. The fluidic gyroscope’s temperature characteristic was analyzed in the sensitive element and two zero temperature compensation methods were compared. Then, the software compensation method was used, which based on the Single chip microcomputer technology and realized temperature compensation for the gyroscope output signal. The results show that after the compensation, the gyroscope’s zero drift decreases from ≤1.3mV/°C to ≤0.1mV/°C and operating temperature range increases from normal temperature to -40°C~+60°C. Therefore, the fluidic gyroscope has the advantage of low zero drift and width operating temperature range after the zero temperature compensation, which provides the convenience for the production and application.
Development and Application of CISDI Online Slab Quality Diagnosis & Analysis System
Authors: Wang Shui Gen , Feng Ke , Han Zhi Wei , Kong Yi Wen , Cao Jian Feng
Published: June 2012

An online slab quality diagnosis & analysis system named CISDI_SQDS ONLINE R2011 has been presented in this paper. The system is based on mechanism of defects, which mainly refer to surface crack & internal crack, heat-transfer & solidification simulation, stress & strain calculation and metallurgical process analysis about continuous casting. Combining with BP neural network, several kinds of quality loss factors are used to describe the possibility of inducement. Meanwhile, the respective crack formation indexes are introduced to be the theoretical reference data for slab quality level evaluation and guiding production. The CISDI_SQDS ONLINE R2011 system was firstly applied on the No.1 Slab Continuous Caster of Bayi Steel in China. It is preliminary proved that the model is reliable and reasonable. It can be widely used as an important theoretical tool for prediction & control for slab quality in continuous casting process.
Implementation of LabVIEW Based Embedded Control System for FAIMS on a Single Chip ARM
Authors: Wang Dian Ling , Chen Chi Lai , Zhao Cong , Liu You Jiang , Chen Ran , Kong De Yi , You Hui
Published: June 2012

This paper introduces the mechanism of High-field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry (FAIMS). By using the LabVIEW PDA module which supports the WinCE 5.0 development, a single-chip ARM9 embedded control system for FAIMS is proposed. Compared with conventional "Master + Slave" computer models, the proposed model is able to reduce hardware cost effectively as well as shorten software development cycle. It also downsizes the main controlling circuit board and reduces the power consumption of the entire system. We describe the functions and implementation process of each part in detail, and finally give the detecting results of FAIMS. Sufficient test results validate the stability of FAIMS system. This paper provides a new engineering solution to future similiar embedded systems, and a reliable technical support for some existing embedded systems as well.
ISP Technology’s Application in Remote Upgrade for the Intelligent Instruments
Authors: Wang Jian Yu , Li Shao Zhong
Published: June 2012

The remote upgrade intelligent instrument is designed using in system programming technology, embedded microcontroller and net work technology. Upgrade hardware platform of intelligent instrument is constructed withW78E516 single chip computer, in system electricity programming analogue circuit EPAC and digital circuit EPDC. Remote hardware function reconstructing and the system upgrade principle of intelligent instrument are described in detail. Hardware and software design methods are stressed; the reliability and keeping secret of system remote upgrade are discussed. The testing of hardware and software has been done and the experiment results show that system has the advantages of stable performance and flexible operation, and it could realize remote auto upgrade.
The Design of High-Speed Synchronization Data Collection Node Machine for Multi-Chip CCD Measurement
Authors: Xiang Ke Feng , Li Li
Published: June 2012

The high-speed synchronous node machine is developed for collecting high-precision and synchronous data from multi-chip CCD to measure the dynamic object with large field coverage by Visual technology. Node machine contains core, A/D converter module and Ethernet communication module. The FPGA of 600,000 gates which have a built-in FLASH chip is used as the core, which provides work-frequency of 10MHz and drive pulse for multi-chip CCD. A/D converter module configures the differential amplifier and builds 3-way 30MHz 16-bit A / D converter. 10/100M Ethernet protocol stack controller and RJ45 interface are internally installed in Ethernet module. This module also uses CC2430 chip to perform fast wireless synchronization control. Paper emphasizes how to implement the key technologies of multi-chip CCD for synchronous and precision measurement, and test the node machine by 5-chip CCD image data synchronous collecting with large field of vision. The node machine runs smoothly and reliably .The performance results of test show that the speed of image data collecting reaches up to 1800 frames/s, the speed of data processing reaches up to 150M Bytes/s and the transporting speed reaches up to 50M Bytes/s. The time of synchronous control is within 2 us.
Research on Heterogeneous Data Integration of Coal Mine Three-Dimensional Visualization Ventilation System
Authors: Wan Xiang Yun , Yang Hao
Published: June 2012

The incompatible data information between the various types of ventilation management software and the coal mine safety monitoring system has become a major obstacle to the mine ventilation and safety management informatization. This paper studies the synchronizing integration of the heterogeneous data between the coal mine three-dimensional visualization ventilation system and the security monitoring system, which divides the mine ventilation information into the basic information and the security monitoring real-time information, analyses the transmission characteristics of the real-time monitoring data, explores the conversion of heterogeneous data online communication, and achieves the integration of geometric parameters and various dynamic parameters for the coal mine ventilation system.
QoS Routing Algorithm Based on Multi-Parameter Constraints for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lin Lin , Nian Yi
Published: June 2012

RBMC—a novel routing algorithm based on multi-parameter constraints for wireless sensor network is proposed. The algorithm finds out the minimum cost path from source sensor to sink by ants with multi-parameter, and the source sensor can transmit information along the shortest path. Thus the transmission path length and the corresponding network delay can be efficiently reduced. We analyzed the performance of RBMC through compared with the existing other routing algorithms in simulation experiment. Results show that the proposed method can reduce energy cost and balance the energy load effectively.
The Detection and Control of Tape Deviation in Winding Process
Authors: Yan Long , Shi Yao Yao , Mo Rong
Published: June 2012

In the winding process, the tape always has a lateral shift along the mandrel due to various reasons. Thus, a straight-line running cannot be maintained. If effective measures are not taken in time, the tape deviation will result in the phenomenon of corrugation and crinkling. Additionally, it would influence negatively on the precise control of tension and the quality of wound products. The tape-edge detection method, based on the charge coupled device (abbreviated as CCD) linear image sensor, is proposed to detect the deviation amount. With regard to the characteristics of PID controller and Fuzzy controller, the combined controller of Fuzzy-PID is raised. According to simulations and experiments, the effect of Fuzzy-PID controller is obviously better than that of PID controller or Fuzzy controller. By presenting the detection and control techniques for the tape deviation, the automatic rectification is achieved, the consecution and the automation degree of winding process is improved as well. Therefore, the quality of wound products is guaranteed.
Design of the Automatic Sorting and Palletizing Manipulator for Passenger Car Tire after Be Tested
Authors: Cai Han Ming , Zhao Lian Feng
Published: June 2012

Semi steel radial tire for passenger car needs to be classified and palletized after dynamic balance and uniformity test, in order to store in the finished product warehouse. In view of the present situation that tire's classification and palletizing remains to manual operation, a kind of automatic classification and palletizing manipulator which is used for passenger car tire after dynamic balance and uniformity test has been researched and designed. This paper introduces the manipulator's composition and the manipulator's three dimensional CAD models have been established in SolidWorks platform.
Study of DQ Rotating Frame Control for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected System
Authors: Zhou Xiao Jie , Ruan Yi
Published: June 2012

Nowadays solar photovoltaic energy has become an important alternative energy sources. This paper focuses on single-phase PV grid-connected system, a reference frame which used for three-phase inverter has been used in this single-phase grid-connected inverter. The in-quadrature signal is generated used T/4 transport delay technique. This single-phase grid-connected inverter uses space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) method. Finally, the 3KW small power single-phase photovoltaic inverter system model is built to verify the presented control strategy by using the Matlab/Simulink.
Electroformed Diamond Tool Adaptable to Nanometer Grinding of Cemented Carbide
Authors: Gohya Naoko , Sun Wan Fu , Amamoto Yoshifumi , Semba Takuya
Published: June 2012

An electroformed diamond tool with a tool tip radius of 0.2 mm was developed to achieve a surface roughness of less than 10 nm Rz on a mould made of cemented carbide. A polycrystalline diamond disc with a primary grain size of 0.5 µm and a diameter of 15 mm was used as a truer. A concentric guide groove with a reverse profile relative to the hemispherical tool and a surface roughness of 0.5 µm Rz was preformed on the truer by laser machining and wet lapping. It was verified through a truing test that 93 % of the diamond grains on the tool working surface could be flattened when the tool was placed in elastic contact with a guide groove with a depth of 50 µm. A grinding test revealed that the tool had the potential to efficiently fabricate a ground surface with a roughness of less than 10 nm Rz on cemented carbide with a hardness of 2600 Hv.
EDM Properties of EC-PCD Manufactured Using Electrically Conductive Diamond Particles
Authors: Ninomiya Shinichi , Iwai Manabu , Takada Takuya , Zhou Zhi Rong , Suzuki Kiyoshi
Published: June 2012

Electrically conductive polycrystalline composite diamond (EC-PCD), which consists of electrically conductive diamond particles manufactured by doping boron atoms, has recently been developed for the purpose of providing material with both excellent tool properties and good machinability. This paper deals with an investigation into the machinability of EC-PCD by EDM with a copper electrode. As a result, it was found that the material removal rate of EC-PCD made up of diamond particles of 10 and 25 µm in diameter respectively was far higher than that of the conventional PCD. Furthermore, it was confirmed in the single pulse EDM experiment with a needle electrode that the EC diamond region in the EC-PCD was removed together with the cobalt region whereas only the cobalt region of C-PCD was removed when the electrode was set at plus polarity.
3D FEM Simulation of Micro Cutting for Prism Patterning on Nickel Plated Roll Die Using Lagrangian Method
Authors: Park Kyung Hee , Lee Dong Yoon , Song Ki Hyeong , Lee Seok Woo
Published: June 2012

An FE model can be usedfor better understanding the micro cutting process. To identify an edge wear effect, the cutting forces and contact stress on the cutting tool were measured as edge wear progress. On the other hand, a series of orthogonal cutting tests was also carried out forcomparisonwith FEM simulation results in termsof chip formation and cutting forces. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the tools and chips for the purpose of taking measurements. A Kistler dynamometer was also utilized for cutting forces measurement. The FEM micro cutting simulation showed good agreement with experimentalresults in terms of the cutting forces and chip formation. And it was observed in both FEM simulations and experiments that larger edge wear caused higher cutting forces.
Fabrication of PDMS Nano-Stamp by Replicating Si Nano-Moulds Fabricated by Interference Lithography
Authors: Byun Ikjoo , Park Jong Ho , Kim Joon Won , Kim Beom Joon
Published: June 2012

In this research, a polydimethylsiloxane nanostamp for nanocontact printing was fabricated by replicating Si nanomoulds. Si moulds of various shapes and sizes were fabricated by interference lithography and deep reactive ion etching. As an anti-adhesion layer, octadecyltrichlorosilane was treated on Si nanomoulds. Further, superhydrophobic surfaces were obtained by self-assembled monolayer treatment on Si nanostructures.
Study of Metals by Femtosecond Laser Processing for Electro-Optics Applications
Authors: Chang Cho Wei , Chang Tien Li , Tsai Ting Kai , Ting Chia Jen , Wang Chien Ping , Chou Chang Pin
Published: June 2012

Femtosecond laser (FS-laser) microstructuring of metals has become a promising tool because of its non-contact nature, which allows the micromachining and direct processing of materials with a minimized volume of heat-affected zone for electro-optics applications such as light emitting diodes (LED) and solar photovoltaic (PV) lighting. This study presents ultra-short pulse (10-15 sec) FS-laser processing. Through integrating the laser source, optical system and dynamic control modules, the materials of metals with micro-scale or nanoscale structures can be fabricated. In traditional processing such as semiconductor processing, development, exposure and etching necessitate expensive equipment and time-consuming tasks. With FS-laser processing, high-precision patterns are obtained, which will be a great benefit to keeping costs down. In this study, the wavelengths of FS-laser ablation are employed using visible and infrared light. To make a breakthrough in electro-optics processes, the CIGS thin-film of solar cells in metal process can be easily produced by the FS-laser. The ablation speed of the FS-laser for thin film layer CIGS solar cells can reach 2000 mm/s which is faster than the current Nd:YAG laser machine (~1000 mm/s). On the other hand, the minimum size of metal lines can be controlled to a value that is lower than 40 µm. Furthermore, green energy can be effectively developed for the future.
Development of Novel Polishing System by Use of Acoustic Trap
Authors: Inada Tomohiro , Ojima Hirotaka , Zhou Li Bo , Onuki Teppei , Shimizu Jun
Published: June 2012

Based on the acoustic levitation phenomenon, we have proposed and developed an acoustic levitation/trap system to control the movements of free abrasives for the finishing of inner surfaces. Described in this paper are the theoretical analysis of levitation force generated in a standing wave field, and experimental results of levitation and trap. A simulation is first performed to determine the wave amplitude and frequency required to levitate the actual abrasives. Based on those results, we developed a system which consists of a sound transducer (speaker), a reflector (an aluminium plate), an amplifier and a function generator, and successfully not only levitated but also trapped actual abrasives in a cylindrical tube. It is found that the relation between the size, density of the abrasives and the power of the acoustic field (wave amplitude and frequency) fairly agreed with the theoretical prediction. Also, the kinetics of levitated abrasives including their positions and movements are precisely controllable by varying the wave frequency and switching from one node position to another.
Fabrication of Freeform Micro Optics by Focused Ion Beam
Authors: Sun Ji Ning , Luo Xi Chun , Chang Wen Long , Ritchie James M.
Published: June 2012

In this work, two kinds of freeform micro optics were successfully fabricated by using focused ion beam machining. A divergence compensation method was applied to optimize the machining process. Both dynamic variation of the sputter yield and the extra ion flux contributed by the beam tail were taken into consideration. Measurement results on the surface topography indicated that 3-fold improvement of the relative divergence was achieved for both optics when compared with conventional focused ion beam milling without any corrections. Furthermore, investigations on the influences of scanning strategies, including raster scan, serpentine scan and contour scan, were carried out. The serpentine scan is recommended for the fabrication of freeform optics by focused ion beam technology owing to the minimal beam travelling distance over the pattern area.
Roll Stability Recovery Performance of Underwater Bluff-Body with Tilting Angle Variations
Authors: An Jin Hyo , Lee Choon Young , Kim Gyu Man , Lee Young Joong , Park Cheol Woo
Published: June 2012

In the present study, we experimentally investigated the roll stability recovery performance of a vehicle at various tilting angles. The vehicle was ultimately targeted to contain a velocity-field measurement system in underwater conditions, which should confirm stationary buoyancy during measurement. We employed two small gear-rack ax mountings on a weighted mass as the actuating system inside the bluff-body. Speed and movement were feedback controlled by the activating electronic motor system. The feedback algorithm used tilting action signals from an inclinometer sensor installed in the central region of the vessel shell. As a result, the bluff-body vessel effectively recovered self-stabilizing positions against the tilting action.
Gloss Estimating Method of Finished Surface Machined by Ball Nose End-Milling under Constant Contact Angle with a Five-Axis Controlled Machining Center
Authors: Terada Kenichi , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi , Ogawa Keiji
Published: June 2012

In recent years, studies have been conducted about creating metal moulds using a five-axis controlled machining centre with ball end milling. Most of these reports concern the programming of CAM based on geometry. However, there have been few reports related to polish-less finished surface. Furthermore, a specular surface like a mirror and finishing under a constant angle between ball end milling and the work piece have not been investigated. Therefore, this paper deals with the gloss of the machined surface when feed rate and pick-feed rate are changed to maintain constant surface roughness considering tool run-out under the condition that the angle between the tool and work piece in contact are inclined at 15. However, by changing the combination of feed rate and pick-feed rate, various specular changes and direction of disposition of reflected light were obtained. Therefore, we suggest a new method of evaluating the gloss of these finished surfaces. Comparing results by the proposed method with ones by a glossmeter, it is clear that an appropriate ratio of feed rate and pick-feed rate is important for obtaining finished surface. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the proposed method is effective for estimating the gloss of the machined surface.
Surface Polishing of 2-Inch 4H-SiC Wafer Using Fe Abrasive Particles
Authors: Kubota Akihisa , Ichimori Yuya , Touge Mutsumi
Published: June 2012

Ultra smooth and defect-free 4H-SiC wafers are strongly demanded in the next-generation power semiconductor devices. However, such SiC substrates are relatively difficult to machine because of their mechanical hardness and marked chemical inertness. In this study, we attempt to polish 2-inch 4H-SiC wafers by our proposed method, which utilizes Fe particles and a hydrogen peroxide solution. The processed surface was observed by phase shift interferometric microscopy, Nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy and atomic force microscopy. These observational results show that the surface roughness was improved over the entire 2-inch wafer by our proposed method. These results offer useful information for preparing a smooth SiC wafer.
Investigation of Rotational-Axis and Linear-Axis Operation Based on Power Consumption with Desktop Five-Axis Controlled Machine Tools
Authors: Suto Katsumasa , Aoyama Eiichi , Hirogaki Toshiki , Ogawa Keiji
Published: June 2012

Recently, the idea of sustainable development has become more and more important. In the previous report, we focus on downsizing industrial goods and discuss the environmental load of industrial goods. As a result, by downsizing machine tools we verified that the environmental load of mother machines in making copies of themselves could be reduced. On the other hand, we verified that the environmental load of use of the machine itself increased relatively. Thus, in desktop machine tools, we verified that reducing the environmental load of use of the machine itself would increasingly become an issue in the future. In this paper, we discuss methods of using desktop machine tools from the aspect of power consumption. As a result, we verified that in cutting along the linear-axis and rotational-axis, we have to consider back clearance after cutting.