bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lateral Window Trap-door Approach for Enucleation of a Colossal Periapical Cyst, Retrograde Biodentine Placement and Management of Osseous Cavity using Bone Graft and GTR — A Case Report
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramakrishna Dental College and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, Poornima Rajendran , Riddhi Thakkar ,   Private practitioner and consultant endodontist, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
Published: March 2022

Periapical cysts are one of the most common dental cysts that affect the human jaw. The tooth/teeth allied with periapical cysts are typically non-vital. They seldom present any clinical signs and symptoms until diagnosed during customary dental investigations. The present case report focuses on a tooth that presented with periapical cyst, its enucleation, apicoectomy and root end filling using biodentine and the management of the consequential osseous defect using bone graft and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. Keywords Alloplast, Apicoectomy, Biodentine, Enucleation, GTR, Periapical cyst
Understanding COVID-19 Vaccines and Immunity
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Samaranayake Lakshman ​ , Anil Sukumaran
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 Vaccines are currently the talk of the world. The internet is full of memes on COVOD-19 vaccines - myths more than truths. In this commentary we further review some of the issues related to the success and failure of COVID-19 vaccines, and the theoretical and practical elements on vaccinations and immunity that the dental health care providers have to be knowledgeable, so as to offer advice and guidance to their team, the patients, as well as the public.
Decision-Making for Biomass Harvesting Routing by using the Simulated Annealing
Authors: Atici Uğur , Torun Yunis , Darendelioğlu Dursun
Published: March 2022

Biomass energy is an essential and sustainable type of energy for today and the future because it is produced from renewable sources and is environmentally friendly compared to fossil-based energy. Biomass energy is the only renewable energy source that creates social and economic impact together. It creates added value, provides employment, and creates new tax opportunities in many fields from agriculture to industry, from the transportation sector to the banking insurance sector. While other renewable energy sources cannot be stored, the energy obtained from biomass can be stored. In this aspect, energy production from biomass stands out from other renewable energy sources. One of the crucial handicaps in evaluating biomass as an energy source is the collection of biomass. Biomass is produced in different amounts in different village centers, while country roads are suitable for trucks of different sizes. In this chapter, the multi-capacity vehicle routing problem is modeled for biomass collection in village centers at different production capacities.
Recent Advancements in Design and Material Perspective of the Implants in the Biomechanics of the Cervical Spine
Authors: Manickam Pechimuthu Susai , S. Balamurugan , Roy Sandipan
Published: March 2022

Understanding biomechanics helps us to understand the problems involved in the cervical spine. The most common problems in the cervical spine are cervical spondylosis, herniated disc, degenerative disc disease, and spinal stenosis. The surgeries to treat these problems are anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery, cervical spinal fusion, laminectomy, laminoplasty, and artificial disc replacements. The post-surgery effects of the implants and the surgical studies can be simulated using numerical simulation. In the numerical study, by varying the design of the implants and by varying the material models, the simulation can be conducted and the best comes can be used further for in vitro study. In the in vitro study, the local stress and strains cannot be calculated but the finite element study provides a clear in sight in the stress and strain distribution across the full structure. In summary, the presurgical clinical evaluation can be conducted using the numerical study and the in vitro experiments to understand the biomechanics of cervical spine with implants.
The Era of Horror Franchising
Authors: Pavlov Alexander V.
Published: March 2022

Book review: McKenna, M. & Proctor, W. (Eds.), (2021). Horror Franchise Cinema. Routledge.
Evaluación de la vivienda sustentable en México a través de una propuesta de modelo teórico con las variables de mayor impacto
Authors: Barajas Hernández Juan , Pérez García Juan Carlos , Olivera Pérez Emmanuel , Díaz Montagner Ernesto Adrián
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer estrategias de gestión de alternativas para la construcción de vivienda sustentable, aplicables en el estado de Puebla, mediante la mitigación de efectos contaminantes y reducción de recursos de alto impacto.
En el desarrollo del presente trabajo de investigación, se identificaron las variables que impactan en los requerimientos de la generación de vivienda sustentable, para modelar estas mismas variables que permiten impactar en la mitigación del deterioro ecológico.
Se diseñó un modelo de gestión de alternativas de vivienda sustentable que toman en cuenta la mitigación de efectos contaminantes y al mismo tiempo propone estrategias de reducción de recursos de alto impacto, involucrando tres ejes de estudio: ambiental, social y económico, englobando seis variables: consumo eficiente del agua, gestión de residuos, análisis del ciclo de vida, servicios sociales, áreas comunes y cadena de suministro.
Fabrication of Autonomous Fire Protection Robot with Notification
Authors: Thanigesh Y , Ponshanmuga Kumar A
Published: March 2022

The security of the home, laboratory, office, industry, and building is essential to human life. We are building a smart security system based on a multi-sensor sensor that contains a fire extinguisher robot in our daily lives.The destructive cause of electricity burning is a very high source. This is because the security system cannot detect an
unusual and dangerous situation and inform them. Otherwise, the user may have difficulty identifying a minor cause of electrical burns. A user may take longer to extinguish a fire than to find a water source to put out a fire when you want to put out a fire. Difficulty with fire detection of small burnt area and hard to reach user space Sometimes hard fire extinguished for example spaces are difficult to detect. Therefore, the design of the "Autonomous Fire Protection Robot with notification" with an intelligent architectural fire extinguisher controlled by a small PIC18F4550 controller and supported by an independent CYTRON SK40C board and one additional circuit.This robot will transfer to the fire source when the fire sensor receives fire and will send a message to any GSM network phone via a modem connected to a configurable device. The robot was also programmed to stop before the robot hit the flames. This robot can also extinguish a fire of 45 degrees on the upper side and 45 degrees on the lower side. This robot involved the fingercutting function of a fire extinguisher.
Os clusters da cooperação para o desenvolvimento como instrumento de transformação da cooperação portuguesa: o exemplo do cluster da Ilha de Moçambique
Authors: Proença Carlos Eduardo Machado Sangreman , Da Silva Sandra Cláudia Duarte Tavares
Published: March 2022

O objectivo deste artigo é de ser uma contribuição para a definição teórica e prática dum instrumento da cooperação portuguesa – os clusters – no que respeita aos países receptores da ajuda internacional e também no efeito que a sua criação e implementação pode  ter na transformação do funcionamento da própria cooperação em Portugal, naquilo que chamamos o “efeito boomerang”. Quanto à dimensão teórica, defendemos que só a ligação desse conceito ao de benchmarking, tal como é entendido no processo de reforma da Administração Pública, permitirá torná-lo uma medida de política real – por oposição a medidas virtuais anunciadas e nunca operacionalizadas - com o referido “efeito boomerang” sobre as instituições públicas e as organizações da sociedade civil que constituem os intervenientes no campo da Cooperação Portuguesa enquadrada no actual consenso internacional sobre a área. Quanto à prática defendemos uma implementação, perfeitamente exequível e não utópica, que passa por um modelo de Núcleos de Recursos, articulados com as embaixadas, com o qual se possam desenvolver os programas de cooperação adequados às prioridades e capacidades existentes em cada país, utilizando a metodologia de parceria e avaliação de resultados que  sejam da maior qualidade e o mais participativas possíveis em todas as fases de identificação, concepção, implementação e avaliação. Procurar-se-á analisar o cluster da Ilha de Moçambique -, à luz das ideias aqui expressas.
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Isolation and Utilization within Regenerative Medicine and Cosmetic Procedures
Authors: Bello Gillian , Gallicchio Vincent S
Published: March 2022

Adipose-derived stem cells are a promising tool for the future of reconstructive surgeries, regenerative therapies and cosmetic procedures. Their ability to be safely, efficiently and cost-effectively isolated from extracted subcutaneous fat tissue makes them a favorable option for plastic surgeons, who often routinely perform liposuction procedures that provide adequate samples for stromal vascular fraction isolation. The differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells is vast and limited only in a developmental potential when compared to embryonic stem cells. Their utilization within clinical trials can be seen in procedures ranging from soft tissue and bony reconstruction, wound and burn healing, peripheral nerve regeneration and cosmetic procedures like skin rejuvenation and breast augmentations. The results from these trials provide evidence that supports future use of these stem cells within these fields of medicine.
The digital twin model of vehicle containers to provide an ergonomic handling mechanism
Authors: Abed Ahmed M. , Seddek Laila f. , Elattar Samia , Gaafar Tamer S.
Published: March 2022

Late order loss for difficulty handling (loading and unloading) activities left an alarm message to make traditional transportation handling for distribution e-commerce more accessible through mitigating it to semi-auto actions. This article discusses the idea of Vehicle Containers made up of Permutational Drawers, i.e., VCPD, that ensure ergonomic handling. The proposed Ergonomic Digital Twin (EDT) manages the VCPD by the Internet of things, i.e., IoT. The VCPD object has two dimensions: drawers' size and motion mechanism. These targets are implemented via establishing the digital twins' model, i.e., DT, for these drawers to test its qualifying for implementation, mainly if supported by IoT. There is still much confusion regarding the DT and how it will apply to the VCPD in medium-sized schemes for transportation enterprises. This work activates the IoT to bolster and simplify transportation activities through designing VCPD and control via a unified framework having several standard steps to reduce execution time, effort, and transportation costs.
SISTEM INFORMASI PRAKTEK KERJA INDUSTRI BERBASIS WEB DI SMKN 1 CIKANDE
Authors: Hidayanti Nur , Fatullah Rizki , Huda Nur
Published: March 2022

In the Industrial Job Training system that is currently running in SMK, there are still obstacles such as the registration process, filling out journal books and the student assessment process for Industrial Work Practices. With a web-based industrial work practice information system can provide information about industrial work practice programs online. This system has advantages in terms of speed of presentation of the resulting information, in addition to being web-based, this system can be accessed at an unspecified time and place. The purpose of this study is to design an administrative information system that can provide information related to the process of industrial work practices at SMKN 1 Cikande. By using a website and the PHP programming language, this information system can be used anytime and anywhere. The Waterfall method is a method that implements design by working with users. By using the Waterfall Method, the system can be designed according to the needs and desires of the user. The design results show that the system can record the registration process and ongoing industrial work practice guidance, both to students and supervisors who use it. This design is very useful for the administration and vice principal in providing information and integrating the results of industrial work practices at SMKN 1 Cikande.
Effect of Molar Ratio on Structure of PPy-PVA Composite Film
Authors:   Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Rajasthan-333 001, India, V. Dave Miss. Niyanta
Published: March 2022

A chemical oxidation method is used to synthesize pyrrole with ferric chloride as oxidant to prepare polypyrrole. Multiple chemical oxidations were carried out using various molar ratios. A stock solution of PolyVinyl Alcohol was produced to form composites of polymers. The PPy-PVA composites were achieved with the help of solution casting method to obtained free standing films. These composites films were characterized using SEM, FTIR and XRD techniques. The result of SEM, FTIR, and XRD reveals that the surface morphology varies as per the molar ratio. Along with the surface morphology molar ratio the conductivity of composite films was studied in the temperature range 303 K-343 K using two probe conductivity method. It has been observed that molar ratio also plays an important role in the conductivity of composite films.
Analisis Kritis Terhadap Daya Batas Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata
Authors: Herman Herman , Tahir Heri , Heri Ririn Nurfaathirany , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The limiting power of the principle of freedom of contract in the Civil Code and its development.Purposes of the Research:  In particular, it will examine and analyze the principle of freedom of contract in terms of the implementation of this principle and also describe the articles contained in the Criminal Code related to the interpretation of the principle of freedom of contract.Methods of the Research: The research was conducted using a normative juridical method with a c statutory approach, conceptual approach and comparative approach a by specifically analyzing the performance of the institution and its authority in the implementation of law enforcement in the Maluku Sea based on the legislation which was then analyzed qualitatively.Results of the Research: The results of the research on a critical analysis of the power of limiting the principle of freedom of contract in the Civil Code can be concluded that the limitation of the principle of freedom of contract has actually been stated in several articles in the Civil Code, by linking the articles in the Civil Code regarding the provisions in making an agreement, freedom of contract is not only guaranteed in the law on treaties, but at the same time that freedom must be framed by other articles. Along with the restrictions on freedom of contract contained in and outside the Civil Code, the tendency to limit freedom of contract, especially its manifestation in giving a more important role to the value of decency and feasibility (redelijkheid en bijlijkheid), good faith, and public order, therefore when contracts are made, these values must be accommodated.
O‘zini o‘zi tarbiyalash metodlari va shakllari
Authors: Sаrsеnbаеvа Rаyhоn
Published: March 2022

Ushbu mаqоlаdа o‘zini o‘zi tarbiyalash metodlari va shakllari, xususan,  o‘zini o‘zi ruhlantirish, ishontirish, qoralash va o‘ziga o‘zi buyruq berish kabilar hаqidаgi mа’lumоtlаr ifоdаlаngаn.
Masofaviy oʻqitishni tashkil etish shakllari va ularning oʻziga xos xususiyatlari
Authors: Saidova Mohinur
Published: March 2022

Ushbu maqolada masofaviy ta’limni ahamiyati, shakllari va turlari berilgan. Maqolada ma’ruza, amaliy mashgʻulot, ularning an’anaviy va masofaviy ta’lim jarayonida oʻqitish mazmuni, yutuq va kamchiliklari yoritilgan. Ta’lim jarayonida masofaviy ta’limni qoʻllash samaradorligi berilgan.
ARM faoliyatida tilshunoslik fanlaridan mustaqil topshiriqlar tuzishda modul-kredit tizimining joriy etilishi
Authors: Axmedova Maloxat
Published: March 2022

OTM kredit-modul tizimi va ARM faoliyati asosida OTMda mustaqil ta’lim faoliyatini takomillashtirishning integratsion-metodik yondashuvi, oily ta’lim muassasalari, mahalliy o’zini o’zi boshqarish, mustaqil boshqaradigan OTM faoliyati tahlil etilgan.   Oliy ta’lim muassasalarini ilg’or jahon tajribalari asosida yaratiladigan yangi avlod darsliklari kredit-modul tizimining tamoyillariga asoslanadi. Shaxsga yo‘naltirgan ta’limni tashkil etish va ta’limda shaffoflikka erishish, ta’limda moslashuvchanlikni kuchaytirishi hamda talabalar mobilligini kuchaytirish ECTS kredit-modul tizimi tarkibi ikki zarur elementdan iborat ekanligi muhim ahamiyatga ega.
“Als het maar tot iets leidt…”
Authors: Denslagen Wim
Published: March 2022

Review of a book written by Paul P.J Overvoorde
De Munsterabdij van Roermond
Authors: Zwegers Bart
Published: March 2022

Review of a book written by Hein van der Bruggen, Erik Caris and Luc Wolters (eds.)
M.J. Granpré Molière
Authors: Van Bergeijk Herman
Published: March 2022

Review of a book written by Sjettie Bruins
Enhancing Network Security through Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Authors: N Bhagyasree  , Nischal M R  , Pavan Kumar  , K Surendra
Published: March 2022

The IoT connects many of the home appliances in the world, from intelligent thermostats to intelligent vehicles. By the end of 2015, we had 9 billion connected stuff. The Gartner forecast shows that the number of devices in the network will exceed 50 billion by 2020. Most of the connected devices in the existing network are based on obsolete security infrastructure and encryption, while many do not have provisions for remote updating of these devices. Taking into account the number of IoT devices, from off-shelf motion monitoring to machine tools, it is not possible to check which functions end up with any specific service or product. In short, this is the problem: you can't trust the integrity of the security of the device and determine exactly where the data is processed and stored. The SDN architecture is designed to increase the routing and networking performance of the existing networks by isolating the control plane from the data plane. The basic concept of Software Defined Networking can be applied to IoT Multi networks; however, the standard SDN implementations for wired networks are not directly suitable for distributed and ad-hoc mesh networks, which are common in IoT systems. However, the SDN architecture changes the pattern of communication of the IoT network, leading to a new approach to the manifestation of the Securities IoT network. Centralized data layer control and control layer not only simplifies data package management, but also increases safety. As mentioned above, the amount of data that flows into these systems is significant. Proper management of traffic and load balancing will help to simplify the data flow in some ways. The total system's power consumption may be reduced by the central station, which requires less power than the distributed control. To sum up, introducing SDN into IoT will help IoT and stimulate IoT in people's regular lives.
Leaf Disease Classification Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sandip Bobade  , Aniket Patil  , Satyajeet Bhalerao  , Revan Bhonde  , Rutuja Borkar
Published: March 2022

Agriculture production is extremely important to the economy of our country. Plant illnesses are fairly common, hence early diagnosis of diseases in plants is critical. The detection of these illnesses using an automated approach is advantageous because it decreases the amount of labour required to monitor vast farms of crops, such as those owned by MP farmers and Panjabi farmers, and it detects disease signs at an early stage. It first locates and captures the contaminated area before doing picture pre-processing. In this study, we are focused on a method that can assist farmers who cultivate potatoes who face significant financial losses each year due to a variety of illnesses that harm potato plants. The most common illnesses are Early Blight and Late Blight. Early blight is caused by fungus, but late blight is caused by certain microorganisms, and farmers may save a lot of waste and money if they discover the illness early and treat it properly. Because the treatments for early blight and late blight are slightly different, it's critical to correctly identify the disease in that potato plant. We'll employ Convolutional Neural Network - Deep Learning to diagnose behind the scenes. This will help farmers to gain the required result in very short span of time. This Will help in saving their time and money and also it will save the wastage of harmful pesticides on the farming land.
Review Paper on Biometric Authentication
Authors: Chinmayee S  , Pooja Rajesh Talekar  , Aishwarya Davaleshwar  , Janavi
Published: March 2022

A biometric system is pattern recognition system to person recognizes by considering the specific characteristic as physiological and behavioural possessed by that person. There are several factors that cause different types of biometric samples, including image features that attribute to the effects of these differentiation, are discussed. Biometric applications have the ability to offer more option for authentication or identification security than the traditional systems, it has created even secure system requirement which could resolve the security related issues.
Tópicos para (re)pensar os rumos para a educação infantil (pós)pandemia
Authors: Barbosa Maria Carmen Silveira , Gobbato Carolina
Published: March 2022

Este artigo situa a importância de retomada, nesse momento da pandemia Covid-19, dos princípios que pautaram a invenção da Educação Infantil brasileira para (re)pensar os rumos da primeira etapa da Educação Básica atualmente e após a crise sanitária. Foram selecionados três tópicos fundamentais para redimensionar a educação das crianças pequenas após esses trinta anos: as relações entre o educar e o cuidar; a Educação Infantil como espaço integrado e a formação de professores de Educação Infantil. As fragilidades da Educação Infantil descortinadas pela pandemia exigem estratégias que a reafirmem como organização social parte de um sistema educacional, como lugar de encontro de bebês e crianças pequenas com a cultura, a ciência, a tecnologia, o meio ambiente, a arte, um lugar que adensa e cria a vida. As aprendizagens sobre as experiências vividas em meio às incertezas da pandemia precisam reencaminhar a consolidação da escola infantil.
Análise documentária de literatura ficcional (1978-2020): categorização de documentos e identificação de técnicas e critérios a partir de uma revisão sistemática realizada na base de dados em ciência da informação (BRAPCI) e na base library & information science abstracts (LISA)
Authors: Ramires Pietra Gomes , Gonçalves Renata Braz , Carvalho Rodrigo Aquino de
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a produção na base de dados Library & Information Science Abstracts e a produção brasileira na Base de dados em Ciência da Informação sobre a temática de análise documentária de literatura ficcional. Categorizar os documentos quanto as suas propostas. Identificar as técnicas e os critérios para a leitura documentária de obras ficcionais.
Método: A pesquisa é exploratória quanto aos objetivos e utiliza como procedimento técnico a revisão sistemática, como alguns documentos recuperados não abordavam o assunto em questão, adotou-se critérios de inclusão e exclusão para filtrar as pesquisas, na Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA) constituiram o corpus de análise 29 artigos datados de 1978 a 2019, e na Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI) sete pesquisas elaboradas entre 2007 e 2020. Os documentos recuperados foram sintetizados ressaltando objetivos, metodologias, resultados e conclusões, categorizados quanto à abordagem adotada, e também evidenciaram as técnicas para leitura documentária que se destacaram nos estudos.
Resultado: Identificou-se que o processo de indexação está sendo discutido há mais de 40 anos, e neste período, esquemas e métodos foram elaborados especificamente para a ficção com a finalidade de suprir os lapsos informacionais; foram elaboradas mais pesquisas empíricas focadas na avaliação de produtos, e as técnicas para leitura documentária destacadas foram as Quatro dimensões da ficção, os 11 Princípios do Annotated Card Program, o Percurso Gerativo de Sentido e o Modelo para Indexação da Ficção – MENTIF.
Conclusões: A ficção está sendo abordada no processo de indexação, mesmo que de forma lenta. Existem métodos e esquemas para a leitura documentária da ficção, mas precisam ser mais amplamente divulgados. O tratamento do assunto durante a formação de bibliotecários pode ser uma etapa importante para mudar esta realidade
La ciencia abierta desde la perspectiva de expertos: una propuesta de taxonomíabrasileños
Authors: Silveira Lúcia da
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo contextualizar la Ciencia Abierta, proponiendo una versión brasileña de la taxonomía originalmente desarrollada por el grupo Facilitate Open Science Training for European Research (Foster), presente en el proyecto Open Science del Programa Comunitario de Investigación e Innovación, titulado Horizonte 2020.
Método: Se adoptó una investigación bibliográfica, documental y descriptiva con un enfoque deductivo, utilizando el método Delphi. La investigación bibliográfica se utilizó con la intención de recuperar documentos que pudieran apoyar la conceptualización del término Ciencia Abierta, en una base de documentos agregados en el gestor de referencias Mendeley. Se recuperaron un total de 158 registros y se decidió presentar el mencionado concepto en 13 de ellos, teniendo en cuenta los mejor clasificados y el número de usuarios que los añadieron en sus bibliotecas de Mendeley u observaron el contexto de la publicación y de este estudio. La segunda etapa de la investigación consistió en la traducción y ampliación de la taxonomía mediante el método Delphi, reuniendo a 13 investigadores especializados en el tema sobre Ciencia Abierta en general o en alguna de sus facetas, que colaboraron en la propuesta de inclusión de nuevos términos en la taxonomía, así como en la validación y sugerencias de nuevos recursos y conceptos en la traducción libre realizada inicialmente.
Resultado: Para la primera etapa, el resultado de las definiciones presenta aspectos del ecosistema de la Ciencia Abierta que implican particularidades filosóficas, científicas, sociales, tecnológicas, políticas y económicas. El segundo resultado de esta investigación presenta la propuesta de incorporación de nuevos términos, componiendo una taxonomía con 11 facetas y 82 etiquetas en la taxonomía.
Conclusiones: Vivimos un momento transitorio de transformación en la comunicación de la ciencia, que implica el surgimiento de nuevos movimientos relacionados con la ciencia y el fortalecimiento de una infraestructura que va más allá de la tecnología utilizada, lo cual, ciertamente, se puede notar en la taxonomía propuesta construida en colaboración con investigadores y especialistas que trabajan con la Ciencia Abierta o cualquiera de sus facetas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ciencia abierta - Taxonomía. Colaboración científica. Comunicación científica. e-Ciencia. Acceso abierto. Datos abiertos. La educación abierta. Ciencia ciudadana. Preservación digital. Innovación abierta.
'Financial Inclusion-Income Inequality' Nexus in Nigeria: Evidence from Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) Modeling Approach
Authors: Okowa  , Vincent Ezaal , Owede Moses
Published: March 2022

High level of exclusion from the financial system could be a consequence of low level of financial development evident in such economy. Low financial access and access to financial services/products is a one of the contributory factors to the level of income generated by households and businesses and by extension the level of income inequality in such economy. To examine the “Financial Inclusion-Income Inequality” nexus in Nigeria, this paper specifies income inequality in Nigeria as a function of deposit money banks’ loans to SMEs, banks’ credit to the private sector, number of bank branches, and broad money supply-to-GDP ratio. The data used in this study are annual time series data from 1992 to 2018. Specifically, data on financial access (measured by having a number of commercial banks branches and broad money supply-to-GDP); and access to financial services and products (measured by deposit money banks’ loans to SMEs and deposit money banks’ credit to the private sector) were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. Data on level of inequality (measured by the Gini index) was collected from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The unit root tests (i.e., ADF and PP) shows that the time series are non-stationary until after first differencing. To empirically analyze the impact of financial inclusion on inclusive growth, the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) econometric technique was employed. The results show that the coefficients of financial access variables are significantly different from zero. That is, the improvement in the financial access component of financial inclusion will prove to be more effective in reducing the income inequality gap in Nigeria. This may not be unrelated to the reality on ground as it affects the cost of credit and the stringent requirements often included as pre-condition for granting of loans and supply of credits by deposit money banks and other business financing institutions. This paper therefore recommends policy that increases awareness among citizens on the importance of owning and maintaining a bank account; and establishment of more branches in the rural areas to serve the high and growing rural population.
Smoking as a Major Risk for Elderly Hypertension in The Covid-19 pandemic: A case-control Study
Authors: Herawati Cucu , Wulandari Septi , Indragiri Suzana , Tri Wahyuni Nuniek , Mutiah Dewi , Sumanto Didik
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is an important public health problem in the world because its prevalence continues to increase and is the third biggest risk of premature death. Lifestyle is the most important risk factor that can cause hypertension, including physical activity, diet, smoking behavior, rest patterns. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of lifestyle on the incidence of hypertension in the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic era. Materials and Methods: The research design uses a quantitative case-control design approach. A sample of 88 respondents consisted of 48 cases and 40 controls. Sampling method using accidental sampling technique, the instrument used is a questionnaire, data collection method using interviews, data analysis using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. Result: The results showed that there was a significant effect between physical activity (p-value 0.047), diet (p-value 0.012), smoking behavior with the incidence of hypertension (p-value 0.001), and there was no effect of rest patterns with the incidence of hypertension (p-value 0.001). p-value 0.334). Multivariate analysis found that smoking was the most influential factor with the incidence of hypertension (OR=6,647), meaning that respondents who had smoking behavior had a 7 times greater risk of suffering from hypertension than respondents who did not smoke. Conclusion: There is a significant influence between physical activity, diet, and smoking behavior with the incidence of hypertension and there is no effect of rest patterns with the incidence of hypertension. Smoking behavior is the most influential factor in the incidence of hypertension.
Application of Convolutional Neural Networks to Flow Fields Refiningin External Aerodynamics Problems
Authors: Зимина С. В. , Петров М. Н.
Published: March 2022

Численное моделирование турбулентных течений около тел различной конфигурации является вычислительно затратным, особенно при проведении серийных расчетов, и требует нахождения баланса между скоростью и точностью вычислений. Целью работы является построение оператора, уточняющего результаты расчета, полученные менее точной вычислительно эффективной моделью, на основании расчетов схожих течений, полученных с помощью более точной базовой модели, с помощью методов машинного обучения. В качестве уточняемой модели был использован метод приближенной пристенной декомпозиции (ANDD) для модели Спаларта–Аллмараса, в качестве базовой модели — модель Спаларта–Аллмараса. В данной работе задача решена в нелокальной постановке, то есть учитывается влияние всего поля течения на ошибку в конкретной его точке. Оператор перехода от уточняемой модели к базовой строится с помощью сверточных нейронных сетей (CNN) архитектуры энкодер-декодер. Эффективность и точность построенной суррогатной модели демонстрируется на примере двумерной задачи сверхзвукового турбулентного обтекания угла сжатия при различных величинах угла сжатия и числах Рейнольдса (рассмотрены задачи интерполяции и экстраполяции по Re, а также интерполяции и экстраполяции по величине угла сжатия α).

The simulation of turbulent flows around objects is computationally expensive and requires a balance between accuracy and computational performance. The objective of this work is to construct an operator that would improve the result of a less accurate, but more computationally efficient model using simulation results for similar flows obtained by a slower but more accurate method. The Spalart-Allmaras model is used as the turbulence model. The approximate near-wall domain decomposition (ANDD) approach is used as the fast, less accurate model, while the one-block approach (without decomposition) is used as the baseline, more accurate model. In this work, the operator is constructed with a non-local approach, where the entire input flow field affects every point of the output flow field. The operator is constructed with a convolutional neural network (CNN) of an encoder-decoder architecture. The efficiency and accuracy of the obtained surrogate model are demonstrated with a supersonic flow over a compression corner with different angle α and Reynolds number values. We considered interpolation and extrapolation both by Re and α. 
Simulation of Water and Liquid-Metal Coolant Heat Transferin Continuous Casting Machine
Authors: Коновалов М. А. , Ульянов В. В. , Кошелев М. М.
Published: March 2022

На сегодняшний день тепло, отводимое от машин непрерывного литья заготовок, сбрасывается в окружающую среду и практически не используется. Одним из способов сокращения энергетических затрат при производстве стали является замена воды на жидкометаллический теплоноситель в контуре охлаждения кристаллизатора и повышение температуры до уровня, достаточного для осуществления паросилового цикла с последующей генерацией электроэнергии [1, 2]. Установлено, что наиболее приемлемым жидкометаллическим теплоносителем при охлаждении кристаллизуемой стали в машинах непрерывного литья заготовок является свинец-висмутовая эвтектика. На основе сравнительного анализа охлаждения различными теплоносителями затвердевающей стали в кристаллизаторе круглого сечения с использованием кода OpenFOAM показано, что эффективность охлаждения практически идентична при охлаждении водой и охлаждении свинец-висмутовой эвтектикой. При этом наибольший поток тепла, снимаемый с кристаллизатора, достигается при величине подогрева теплоносителя от 180 ∘С на входе в кристаллизатор до 400 ∘С на выходе. Для оценки целесообразности предлагаемого решения выполнен тепловой расчет парогенерирующего контура. Показано, что КПД паросилового цикла составит ∼ 32 %. При условии работы на одном предприятии шести кристаллизаторов на протяжении года (250 рабочих дней) количество выработанной электроэнергии составит примерно 6,2 млн кВтч.

To date, heat to be dissipated in a continuous casting machine is discharged in the environment and not utilized much. A way of saving energy in steel production is replacing the watercooling system with liquid-metal coolant to increase the temperature sufficiently to produce steam and, subsequently, electricity [1, 2]. We identified that lead-bismuth eutectic is the most suitable liquid coolant for continuous casting machines. We performed a simulation of the heat transfer process during steel solidification with various coolants with OpenFOAM. The cooling efficiency is virtually identical for water and lead-bismuth eutectic. The max dissipated heat flux occurs when the inlet coolant temperature is 180 ∘C and the outlet coolant temperature is 400 ∘C. To check the feasibility, we analyzed the steam generation efficiency. It would be ∼ 32 %. For six machines, 6.2 mln. kWh can be generated annually.
Application of the Alternating Triangular Iterative Method to Solving Shallow Water Hydrodynamics Problems with Graphics Accelerators
Authors: Литвинов В. Н. , Грачева Н. Н. , Шабаев Е. А.
Published: March 2022

Процесс прогнозирования экологических катастроф как техногенного, так и природного характера в настоящее время базируется на достижениях в области математического моделирования. Получение прогноза за короткое время является весьма затруднительным без применения параллельных вычислений и суперкомпьютерных технологий. Большой объем обрабатываемой информации и сложность вычислений приводят к необходимости использования вычислительных кластеров, в состав которых добавляются видеоадаптеры для увеличения производительности вычислительной системы и скорости обработки информации. Статья посвящена разработке программного модуля на языке CUDA C, предназначенного для моделирования гидродинамических процессов мелководных водоёмов, включая решение возникающих при дискретизации систем сеточных уравнений высокой размерности. Для повышения эффективности расчетов часть вычислительной нагрузки передавалась на графические ускорители, для чего был разработан алгоритм параллельных расчетов и его программная реализация в виде модуля. В результате вычислительных экспериментов определена оптимальная двумерная конфигурация потоков в вычислительном блоке, исполняемом на одном потоковом мультипроцессоре. Разработанные алгоритм и программный модуль позволяют более эффективно задействовать вычислительные ресурсы графических ускорителей, используемых для решения вычислительно трудоемких задач гидрофизики.

Forecasting environmental disasters, both artificial and natural, is currently based on advances in simulation. Fast forecasting is very difficult without the use of parallel computing and supercomputer technologies. The large volume of information to be processed and the complexity of calculations require to use of computing clusters with graphics cards to increase the computing performance and the data processing rate. This paper deals with the development of a software module in CUDA C to simulate the hydrodynamic processes in shallow water bodies, including the solution of systems of high-dimensional grid equations during discretization. To improve computing performance, graphics accelerators take a part of the load. To enable this, we developed an algorithm for parallel calculations and implemented it as a software module. As a result of computational experiments, the optimal 2D configuration of streams in a computational unit run on a single streaming multiprocessor was determined. The proposed algorithm and software module enables more efficient use of GPU computational resources when solving computationally intensive hydro physics problems.
Grazing enhances carbon cycling but reduces methane emission during peak growing season in the Siberian Pleistocene Park tundra site
Authors: Fischer Wolfgang , Thomas Christoph K. , Zimov Nikita , Göckede Mathias
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Large-herbivore grazing has been shown to substantially alter tundra soil and vegetation properties as well as carbon fluxes, yet observational evidence to quantify the impact of herbivore introduction into Arctic permafrost ecosystems remains sparse. In this study we investigated growing-season CO2 and CH4 fluxes with flux chambers on a former wet tussock tundra inside Pleistocene Park, a landscape experiment in northeast Siberia with a 22-year history of grazing. Reference data for an undisturbed system were collected on a nearby ungrazed tussock tundra. Linked to a reduction in soil moisture, topsoil temperatures at the grazed site reacted 1 order of magnitude faster to changes in air temperatures compared to the ungrazed site and were significantly higher, and the difference strongly decreased with depth. Overall, both GPP (gross primary productivity, i.e., CO2 uptake by photosynthesis) and Reco (ecosystem respiration, i.e., CO2 release from the ecosystem) were significantly higher at the grazed site with notable variations across plots at each site. The increases in CO2 component fluxes largely compensated for each other, leaving NEE (net ecosystem exchange) similar across grazed and ungrazed sites for the observation period. Soil moisture and CH4 fluxes at the grazed site decreased over the observation period, while in contrast the constantly waterlogged soils at the ungrazed site kept CH4 fluxes at significantly higher levels. Our results indicate that grazing of large herbivores may promote topsoil warming and drying, in this way effectively accelerating CO2 turnover while decreasing methane emissions in the summer months of peak ecosystem activity. Since we lack quantitative information on the pre-treatment status of the grazed ecosystem, however, these findings need to be considered qualitative trends for the peak growing season, and absolute differences between treatments are subject to elevated uncertainty. Moreover, our experiment did not include autumn and winter fluxes, and thus no inferences can be made for the annual NEE and CH4 budgets in tundra ecosystems.
Impacts of a revised surface roughness parameterization in the Community Land Model 5.1
Authors: Meier Ronny , Davin Edouard L. , Bonan Gordon B. , Lawrence David M. , Hu Xiaolong , Duveiller Gregory , Prigent Catherine , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The roughness of the land surface (z0) is a key property, exerting significant influence on the amount of near-surface turbulent activity and consequently the turbulent exchange of energy, water, momentum, and chemical species between the land and the atmosphere. Variations in z0 are substantial across different types of land cover, ranging from typically less than 1 mm over fresh snow or sand deserts up to more than 1 m over urban areas or forests. In this study, we revise the parameterizations and parameter choices related to z0 in the Community Land Model 5.1 (CLM), the land component of the Community Earth System Model (CESM). We propose a number modifications for z0 in CLM, guided by observational data. Most importantly, we find that the observations support an increase in z0 for all types of forests and a decrease in the momentum z0 for bare soil, snow, glaciers, and crops. We then assess the effect of those modifications in land-only and land–atmosphere coupled simulations. With the revised parameterizations, diurnal variations of the land surface temperature (LST) are dampened in forested regions and are amplified over warm deserts. These changes mitigate model biases compared to MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing observations. The changes in LST are generally stronger during the day than at night. For example, the LST increases by 5.1 K at 13:30 local solar time but only by 0.6 K at 01:30 during boreal summer across the entire Sahara. The induced changes in the diurnal variability of near-surface air temperatures are generally of the opposite sign and of smaller magnitude. Near-surface winds accelerate in areas where the momentum z0 was lowered, such as the Sahara, the Middle East, and Antarctica, and decelerate in regions with forests.
Overall, this study finds that the current representation of z0 in CLM is not in agreement with observational constraints for several types of land cover. The proposed model modifications are shown to considerably alter the simulated climate in terms of temperatures and wind speed at the land surface.
Öğrencilerin İngilizce Başarıları ile Öz Düzenleme ve Bireysel Yenilikçilik Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Güngör Münasip
Published: March 2022

In this study, the relationship between the Anatolian High School students’ self-regulation and personal innovativeness levels, and their success in learning English has been analyzed. Concerning the research of the learning process with prior arrangement, preliminary test - final test control grouped pattern of the experimental method has been used. As for the research of their personal innovativeness levels, scanning method has been used. Students’ success in the English class and their attitude towards the English class form the independent variables of the research. And the independent variable, the influence of which is searched for over those dependent variables, is the activities which were prepared by the researcher, using as base the learning process with self-regulation. The practice was carried out through the first term of the academic year, 2019-2020, together with the Gürlek Nakipoğlu High School’s 94 12th grade (final year) students. For the research of the learning process with self-regulation, three data collecting instruments have been used, which are English Readiness Test, English Achievement Test and English Attitude Test. The data used for the research of personal innovativeness levels were obtained through a questionnaire and a presonal innovatiness scale, developed by the researcher. At the end of the English class, which had been arranged accordingly with the learning process with prior arrangement, such findings were obtained: After the practice, it is clearly seen that the student’s success is considerably high, depending on the learning process with self-regulation in English learning. Moreover, as a result of researching their personal innovativeness levels, such findings have been reached: There is a meaningful correlation in positive direction, at medium level, between the students’ personal innovativeness levels and their success in learning English. In accordance with the findings derived from the research, several the implementers. Key words: Self-regulation, Cognitive Strategies, Personal Innovativeness, Innovativeness Categories
Öğretmenlerin Eğitim Kurumlarında Yaşadığı Problemlerle Başaçıkmada Uyguladığı Yöntemlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldırım Yener
Published: March 2022

Do the task for educational institutions or teachers in the classroom environment in which the behavior seen in the form of problematic behavior, this is his behavior, causal attributions, behavior intervention to determine the method chosen in order to this end, teachers in classroom management can be critical to success, and this behavior to deal with, providing the continuity of being and prevent this behaviour to occur again in terms of providing ethical behavior is important. The symptoms of occupational burnout in teachers are seen as psychophysiological, psychological and behavioral. The methods and techniques applied by teachers in coping with problem behavior are usually influenced by opinions about why problem behavior arises. It is a very important stage for teachers to see the cause of problem behavior primarily in themselves and to take responsibility for the source of problem behaviors in terms of coping with problem behaviors. Keywords: Problem Behaviors, Professional Burnouts, Coping Methods