bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of atmospheric NO2 levels in public transport corridors
Authors: Fernandes Lavigne Quintanilha Wendy , Lima Maia Maxwell , Vieira Bertoncini Bruno , Pereira Ribeiro Jefferson , Ramos Cassiano Demostenis , Wagner de Sousa Francisco , Ferreira do Nascimento Ronaldo
Published: January 2022

The objective of this work is to evaluate the operational plan for public transport in NO2 concentration levels. Poor air quality affects the environment, the health of the population and the economy, which requires special attention to the issue. The transport sector is the one that most impacts on air quality in urban centres, with emphasis on heavy vehicles, which represent the majority of the public transport fleet. There are several alternatives used to improve this system, such as exclusive bus lanes, often seeking gains in operational aspects, without considering the environmental impact of the system. Thus, in this study, transport corridors were evaluated in the city of Fortaleza-CE, through the association of passive NO2 sampling and the selection of road pairs with similar physical and operational characteristics, in order to enable comparative analysis. Sampling was carried out over a year of observations, seeking to verify the influence of traffic conditions, as well as meteorological conditions. The results obtained show that on roads with an exclusive lane for public transport, there is a positive influence on NO2 concentration.
Prospective Endoscopic Activity Assessment for Eosinophilic Gastritis in a Multisite Cohort
Authors: Hirano Ikuo , Collins Margaret H. , King Eileen , Sun Qin , Chehade Mirna , Abonia J. Pablo , Bonis Peter A. , Capocelli Kelly E. , Dellon Evan S. , Falk Gary W. , Gonsalves Nirmala , Gupta Sandeep K. , Leung John , Katzka David , Menard-Katcher Paul , Khoury Paneez , Klion Amy , Mukkada Vincent A. , Peterson Kathryn , Rudman-Spergel Amanda K. , Spergel Jonathan A. , Yang Guang-Yu , Rothenberg Marc E. , Aceves Seema S. , Furuta Glenn T.
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Eosinophilic gastritis (EG) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the stomach characterized by eosinophil-predominant gastric mucosal inflammation and gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate endoscopic features in a large series of children and adults with EG to better understand the endoscopic manifestations and develop a standardized instrument for investigations.

METHODS:

Data were prospectively collected as part of the Consortium for Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers, a national collaborative network. Endoscopic features were prospectively recorded using a system specifically developed for EG, the EG Endoscopic Reference System (EG-REFS). Correlations were made between EG-REFS and clinical and histologic features.

RESULTS:

Of 98 patients with EG, 65 underwent assessments using EG-REFS. The most common findings were erythema (72%), raised lesions (49%), erosions (46%), and granularity (35%); only 8% of patients with active histology (≥30 eosinophils/high-power field) exhibited no endoscopic findings. A strong correlation between EG-REFS scores and physician global assessment of endoscopy severity was demonstrated (Spearman r = 0.84, P < 0.0001). The overall score and specific components of EG-REFS were more common in the antrum than in the fundus or body. EG-REFS severity was significantly correlated with active histology, defined by a threshold of ≥30 eosinophils/high-power field (P = 0.0002).

DISCUSSION:

Prospective application of EG-REFS identified gastric features with a strong correlation with physician global assessment of endoscopic activity in EG. Endoscopic features demonstrated greater severity in patients with active histology and a predilection for the gastric antrum. Further development of EG-REFS should improve its utility in clinical studies.
Animal Naming Test Is Associated With Poor Patient-Reported Outcomes and Frailty in People With and Without Cirrhosis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tapper Elliot B. , Kenney Brooke , Nikirk Samantha , Levine Deborah A. , Waljee Akbar K.
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Cognitive dysfunction is a major driver of care complexity, poor patient-reported outcomes, and frailty for people with cirrhosis. The performance and clinical associations of the animal naming test (ANT) in the general population are unknown. We evaluated ANT performance in a representative sample of older Americans with and without chronic liver disease (CLD).

METHODS:

We analyzed 6,661 subjects enrolled in the 2010–2016 Health and Retirement Survey, a representative cohort of >30,000 US adults. Average age of participants was 75 years. We evaluated 3 subject subgroups: (i) without CLD, (ii) noncirrhosis CLD, and (iii) cirrhosis. We determined the association between the ANT (overall) and S-ANT1 <10 (adjusted for age and education) and health status, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, healthcare utilization (care hours received and hospitalizations), and frailty measures (hand grip and walk speed).

RESULTS:

Overall, 8.2% of the sample had noncirrhotic CLD and 1.3% had cirrhosis. CLD or cirrhosis was not independently associated with ANT. Poor ANT performance was associated with poor health status and frailty overall. An S-ANT <10 was associated with fair-poor self-reported health (odds ratio [OR] 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–1.56), care hours received (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.39; 95% CI: 1.79–3.19), and hospitalizations (IRR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.03–1.26). S-ANT <10 was also associated with activities of daily living disability (OR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.13–1.51), instrumental activities of daily living disability (OR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.59–2.14), weaker hand grip (IRR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.92–0.96), and time to walk 2.5 m (IRR 1.23; 95% CI: 1.17–1.29).

DISCUSSION:

ANT performance is not specific to CLD/cirrhosis but is associated with patient-reported outcomes and frailty in a nationally representative sample of elderly subjects with and without CLD.
Adherencia a las conductas preventivas de la COVID-19 en mujeres trans colombianas
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia, Hoyos-Hernández Paula Andrea , Concha Valderrama Vanessa ,   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia, Valderrama Orbegozo Laura Juliana ,   Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Díaz Mutis Juan David ,   Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, Tovar Cuevas José Rafael ,   Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
Published: January 2022

Introducción/Objetivo: Establecer el nivel de adherencia de un grupo de mujeres trans colombianas a las medidas de prevención ante el SARS-CoV-2. Método: Diseño transversal correlacional descriptivo de una sola etapa. Se administró un cuestionario en línea anónimo a 100 mujeres trans de Colombia. Los resultados fueron obtenidos utilizando métodos estadísticos tanto frecuentistas como bayesianos (a priori- a posteriori). Resultados: Cerca de las tres cuartas partes de las mujeres participantes reportaron un alto nivel de adherencia a las conductas preventivas. Los factores asociados fueron sentirse capaz de implementar las acciones de prevención y creer en la eficacia de ellas, para evitar contagiar a otros, los conflictos con otras personas y problemas legales. Conclusiones: La autoeficacia y los comportamientos gobernados por reglas están relacionados con la adherencia a las medidas de prevención. Abordar la adherencia en tiempos de COVID-19 implica incorporar de manera integral la magnitud de las inequidades e injusticias sociales y las respuestas en salud ante una situación que afecta a la humanidad de manera diversa y diferenciada.
»Supersizing the Museum« Digital Outreach und die Erweiterung des Museums in seine Umgebung
Authors: Seirafi Kasra , Wiencek Florian
Published: January 2022

Kasra Seirafi und Florian Wiencek stellen in ihrem Beitrag drei digitale Outreach-Aspekte vor, mit denen Museen ihre Vermittlung und Reichweite erhöhen, digital öffnen und sich mit ihrer Umgebung verbinden können: digitale Karten, Augmented Reality und Gamification. Anhand von Beispielen aus der digitalen Vermittlungspraxis zeigen sie auf, wie das Museum institutionell, örtlich und zielgruppen-spezifisch erweitert und geöffnet werden kann. Hierbei wird digitaler Outreach als essentieller Baustein innovationsorientierter Kulturarbeit positioniert, um das erweiterte und offene Museum der Zukunft zu ermöglichen.
Inwiefern ist Musik als subjektiver Ausdruck zu begreifen?
Authors: Bertram Georg W.
Published: January 2022

Georg Bertram widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Bestimmung von Musik als subjektivem Ausdruck. Dabei geht er von der Frage aus, was subjektiven Ausdruck überhaupt ausmacht, und macht von ihr her einen Vorschlag dazu, wie die Eigenständigkeit von Musik damit in Einklang gebracht werden kann, ihr einen Beitrag zum subjektiven Ausdruck zuzuschreiben. Daraus werden zuletzt einige programmatische Konsequenzen gezogen, die sowohl musik- als auch subjektphilosophische Aspekte betreffen.
Wo kommen wir her? Wo sind wir danach?
Authors: Friedrichs Werner
Published: January 2022

Werner Friedrichs widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie politische Bildung in Zukunft gedacht werden muss. Dabei rekonstruiert er zunächst die Sinnformen, die Formen des In-die-Welt-gestellt-Seins, die den bisherigen Konzeptionen politischer Bildung zugrunde lagen. Für das dritte Jahrtausend kündigt sich im Spiegel der Krise der Repräsentation eine neue Form des Mensch-Politik-Welt-Verhältnisses an. Politische Bildungen werden zukünftig in immanenten Weltverhältnissen zu denken sein. Sie werden mit Hilfe immersiver Strategien ausgelöst, wiederholt und präsentisch gemacht.
Von Menschen und anderen Tieren im Berliner Tiergarten
Authors: Juchler Ingo
Published: January 2022

Inspiriert von einem a-topischen Stadtrundgang in Bamberg setzt sich Ingo Juchler mit der Beziehung des Menschen zu anderen Tieren auseinander. Dabei wird zunächst der Anthropozentrismus überblicksartig reflektiert. Im Weiteren steht der Berliner Tiergarten im Fokus, wo sich menschliche und tierliche Geschichten überlagern und der sich für einen realen Stadtrundgang zu diesen Themen äußerst gut eignet: vom privilegierten Jagdrevier der Hohenzollern zur Öffnung für die Berliner Bevölkerung und der Einrichtung des Zoologischen Gartens, als Ort demokratischer Aufbrüche 1848, 1918 und 1968 bis zur Loveparade als größter Party der Welt, von Tierrechten und antirassistischem Aktivismus.
Das Verhängnis des Topos
Authors: Barnewitz Max
Published: January 2022

Max Barnewitz skizziert in diesem Beitrag das Versickern des Utopischen aus der politischen Differenz. Vor diesem Hintergrund dieser Diagnose plädiert er für Verständnisse und Praktiken politischer Bildungen, die sich diesem Impetus der Ernüchterung entgegenstellen.
Kommentar zu »Atopische politische Bildung«
Authors: Reheis Fritz
Published: January 2022

Zwar ist das Bemühen um die Verflüssigung erstarrter Kategorien in der Theorie und Praxis der politischen Bildung richtig. Aber die von Friedrich alias Soltro vorgeschlagene Art der Verflüssigung ist hochgradig ideologieanfällig.
Epistemische Bilder
Authors: Scholz Sebastian
Published: January 2022

Wenn in wissenschaftlichen Zusammenhängen etwas sichtbar wird, dann häufig, weil es in experimentellen Verfahren sichtbar gemacht worden ist. Die operative »Sichtbarmachung« erlaubt neue Perspektiven auf die disjunktive Verschränktheit von Wissenschafts- und Mediengeschichte. Eine Archäologie des Sichtbaren - wie sie etwa am Beispiel mikrofotografischer Verfahren der Bakteriologie nachvollzogen werden kann - betont die materiell-diskursive Konfiguration von Wissensproduktion. Die erzeugten »epistemischen Bilder« fungieren demnach als Relais zwischen Erkenntnis und Sichtbarkeit. Sebastian Scholz nähert sich dieser komplexen Konstellation mit dem Ziel, »das Sichtbare« zu problematisieren und Potentiale einer operativen Medien-Onto-Epistemologie aufzuzeigen.
Am Schauspiel einen Anhalt finden
Authors: Stieve Claus
Published: January 2022

Claus Stieve geht in seinem Beitrag der Faktizität in der Philosophie Merleau-Pontys im Kontext der frühkindlichen Erfahrung nach. Auffällig bildet die Faktizität einen zentralen Begriff in dessen Phänomenologie. Sie zeigt sich auf mehreren Ebenen, als eine gesuchte in einzelnen Wahrnehmungsakten, als eine der Leiblichkeit des Menschen und schließlich als eine der »natürlichen« Verflechtung mit der Lebenswelt vor aller Objektivierung und Naturalisierung. Für diese Verflechtung gewinnt die Ontogenese der Wahrnehmung und damit die frühen Kindheit besondere Relevanz. Die synkretische und vulnerable Erfahrung von Kindern offenbart, dass die Natur der Kultur ontogenetisch nicht gegenübersteht, sondern in der Kultur fungiert.
Einverleiben und Externalisieren
Authors: Saave Anna
Published: January 2022

Die kapitalistische Produktionsweise ist abhängig von einem Außen, das sie über das Hineinholen von Ressourcen und Auslagern von Kosten in Anspruch nimmt. Anna Saave unternimmt eine theoretisch versierte und elaborierte Analyse der komplexen Externalisierungs- und Einverleibungsprozesse des Kapitalismus. Sie leistet einen anspruchsvollen Beitrag zu einer kritischen Analyse kapitalistischer Dynamiken samt der in Dienst genommenen, unsichtbar gemachten konstitutiven Außenbereiche und verdeutlicht, dass der Kapitalismus nur als big picture in den Blick genommen werden kann. Die Diskussion bietet anschlussfähige Impulse für feministische, ökologische und andere soziale Politiken.
Museale Grenzräume der Black Seminoles
Authors: Schwanebeck Alexander
Published: January 2022

Die Frage nach Repräsentation im Museum, insbesondere von marginalisierten Gruppen, Narrativen und Stimmen, wird nicht nur im Museumsbereich international diskutiert. Alexander Schwanebecks Studie der »musealen Grenzräume« der Black Seminoles greift diese Diskussion auf und untersucht, wie amerikanische Museen den US-mexikanischen Grenzraum in ihren Ausstellungen erschaffen. Auf der Basis eines heterogenen Quellenkorpus und der Kombination von Ansätzen der Museum Studies und der Border Studies stellt er relevante Fragen nach der Ablösung, Gleichzeitigkeit und Verflechtung dekolonialer und neokolonialer Tendenzen in historischen Ausstellungen.
Preußische Phantasmen
Authors: Roth Hannelore
Published: January 2022

Spätestens seit Germaine de Staëls Diktum von Preußens militärisch-philosophischem »Januskopf« ist Preußen eine Projektionsfläche für die unterschiedlichsten Fiktionen nationaler Identität. Das preußische Phantasma setzt sich aus einem Gewirr von Motiven und Narrativen zusammen, die sich verschieben und verzweigen, kombiniert und neuinszeniert werden. Hannelore Roth verfolgt die diskursive Vielfalt dieses Phänomens im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert. Anhand von bekannten und weniger bekannten Texten sowie der Debatte um das Berliner Schloss erkundet sie die performativen Strategien, mittels derer die Illusion einer geschlossenen Identität konstruiert wird und zugleich untergraben werden kann.
The Falling Apple - A Short Story of Gravitation
Authors: Heißel Gernot
Published: January 2022

Gernot Heißel elaborates at the example of historic theories of gravitation on the method of natural science with an emphasis on systematical and epistemological aspects. He then draws analogies to hermeneutics with respect to interpretation and understanding.
Das Unverständliche verstehen
Authors: Matakas Frank
Published: January 2022

Traumaktivität vollzieht sich im regenerativen physiologischen Zustand des Schlafs. Das Traumereignis ist ein Eindruck, keine Handlung. Er kommt zustande ohne eigene Initiative und ohne eigene Verantwortung. Die Sinneseindrücke sind für den Träumer im Schlafzustand real. Die wache Person korrigiert das nachträglich. Im Wachleben ist Traumaktivität zugänglich als Fundstück des Erinnerns. Wer einen Traum mitteilt, präsentiert das Traumereignis als Widerfahrnis. Er vollzieht, seinen Traum mitteilend, eine erinnernde Expedition zu einem flüchtigen Ereignis. Es schwindet rasch; man kann allenfalls eine Kollektion von Fundstücken zusammenstellen. Träume sind im Wachleben mental und kommunikativ nicht unmittelbar anschlussfähig. Sie stehen nicht zwanglos im Kontext lebenspraktischer Bezüge.
Hermeneutik und Literaturdidaktik
Authors: Günther Hartmut
Published: January 2022

Tepe präsentiert in diesem Beitrag die von ihm entwickelte kognitive Hermeneutik, eine innovative Theorie des Verstehens und der Interpretation, die nach Prinzipien empirisch-rationalen Denkens verfährt. Sie ist im Prinzip eine allgemeine Hermeneutik, wird im Buch »Kognitive Hermeneutik« aber überwiegend als literaturwissenschaftliche Hermeneutik entfaltet. Unterschieden wird zunächst zwischen zwei Grundformen: dem aneignenden und dem kognitiven Interpretieren, die beide legitim sind. Hinzu kommt das zu kritisierende projektiv-aneignende Interpretieren - die defizitäre Vereinnahmungsdeutung. Plädiert wird für eine Textwissenschaft, die primär kognitive Ziele verfolgt und die Methoden der Basis-Analyse und der Basis-Interpretation anwendet. Besteht bezogen auf einen literarischen Text ein Interpretationskonflikt, so lässt sich dieser durch eine neuartige Methode, die auf dem Konzept der Basis-Interpretation beruht, entscheiden.
Autorinnen und Autoren
Authors: Kaus Rainer J. , Günther Hartmut
Published: January 2022

Die kulturwissenschaftlichen Ansätze der letzten Jahrzehnte, insbesondere der new historicism, wie ihn am prominentesten Stephen Greenblatt vertreten hat, haben dazu geführt, dass Texte zusammen gelesen werden, die zuvor nicht in eine Lektürekonstellation gerückt wurden. Basis von Greenblatts Neuansatz in der Literarhistoriographie ist eine radikale Interdisziplinarität, die sowohl literarische als auch nicht-literarische, kanonisierte wie stigmatisierte Texte miteinschließt. Mittels einer Vernetzung mit anderen gleichzeitig entstandenen Dokumenten werden die literarischen Texte rekontextualisiert. Wir verstehen die literarischen Texte dann deshalb anders, weil wir sie auf andere Texte und andere Kontexte beziehen. Nun lassen sich solche Kontextualisierungen nicht nur synchron, sondern auch diachron vornehmen. Das soll am Beispiel von Kellers Seldwyler Novelle »Der Schmied seines Glückes« herausgearbeitet werden.
Die Sprache des Alters:
Authors: Hänselmann Matthias C.
Published: January 2022

Aktuelle Dialekthörspiele funktionalisieren wiederholt einen semantischen Zusammenhang zwischen Alter, Mundart-Sprechen und Werteverkörperung gegenüber Jugend, standardsprachlichem Sprechen und Wertevergessenheit. Zentral dabei ist, dass einerseits Figuren, die in betreffenden Hörspielen durch eine dialektale Sprechweise markiert sind, oft im doppelten Sinne »konservative« Ideen (bspw. Bodenständigkeit, Umweltschutz etc.) vertreten, dass diese Figuren andererseits aber samt ihrer positiven Semantik durch den Dialekt gleichzeitig als einer »guten alten Zeit« entstammend sowie als »alt« gekennzeichnet werden, wodurch letztlich eine auch sprachlich getragene Kritik an der vergangenheitsvergessenen Gegenwart kommuniziert wird. Alter wird in diesen dialektalen Hörspielen so zu einem zugleich positiven wie tragischen Moment - eine Semantisierung, die in dieser Konstellation bisher in kaum einem anderen Medium so deutlich begegnet. Der geschilderte Zusammenhang wird vor dem Hintergrund der bisherigen Funktionalisierung des Dialektsprechens im Mundarthörspiel seit dem Beginn des narrativen Hörspiels am Beispiel der beiden Hörspiele »Märzengrund« (ORF 2018; A: Felix Mitterer, R: Martin Sailer) und »Mittagsstunde« (RB 2019; A: Wolfgang Seesko, R: Wolfgang Seesko) analytisch dargestellt.
Migrationsliteratur aus der Schweiz
Authors: Maffli Stéphane
Published: January 2022

Kaum etwas prägt ein Leben so stark wie die Erfahrung der Migration. Wie ist es, in einer fremden Gesellschaft ein neues Leben zu beginnen? Und welche Antworten kann die Literatur auf diese Frage geben? Stéphane Maffli analysiert die Literatursprache und Erzählweise von fünf Texten aus der deutschsprachigen Schweiz, die Einblick in Migration geben. Er zeigt, wie sich bei der Lektüre die Möglichkeit der Identifikation mit den Figuren eröffnet, und wie die Rolle der Migrationserfahrung für die Identitätsbildung vorstellbar wird. Die Berücksichtigung gesellschaftlicher und kultureller Prozesse erweitert die literaturwissenschaftliche Perspektive um eine soziologische Dimension.
Empfindliche Körper
Authors: Dreßke Stefan
Published: January 2022

Schmerz ist kulturell überformt. Durch das kulturelle Phänomen der Verfeinerung des Spürens werden unsere Körper immer empfindlicher. Am Beispiel von Kopfschmerzen kann Stefan Dreßke zeigen, dass die physische Empfindlichkeit den Normen und Praktiken sozialer Milieus, des Geschlechts und des Alters folgt. Die soziologische Studie mit Berichten von 136 Frauen und Männern untersucht die sich zunehmend differenzierenden Deutungen des Körperausdrucks und den Wandel der Krankheitsvorstellungen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass Krankheiten der Empfindlichkeit Narrative sind, die der Verständigung in Sprach- und Praxiscodes dienen und die institutionellen Regimes folgen.
Spectatoriale Geschlechterkonstruktionen
Authors: Völkl Yvonne
Published: January 2022

Die auf den englischen Prototypen »The Spectator« (1711-1714) zurückgehenden Moralischen Wochenschriften sind ein beliebtes Zeitschriftenmedium des 18. Jahrhunderts, mit dem kulturelles Wissen ko-konstruiert, gespeichert und in ganz Europa verbreitet wurde. Yvonne Völkl erschließt das spectatoriale - d.h. das in den Periodika auftretende - Geschlechterwissen und erforscht Konstruktion, Verbreitung und Wandel der stereotypen Diskurse über Frauen und Männer in den französisch- und spanischsprachigen Wochenschriften. Wie sich zeigt, haben die geschlechtsspezifischen Diskurse der Aufklärung bis heute nichts an ihrer Aktualität und Wirkung verloren.
Real Fictions
Authors: Kolatan Ferda
Published: January 2022

The aim of this text is to argue that the architectural and infrastructural leftovers, conglomerates, and fusions we encounter in megacities like Cairo are not merely residual aberrations in need of fixing but in fact opportunities for a new kind of »hybrid« architecture. There are several functional, programmatic, and ethical benefits to design strategies that are based, in part at least, on reorganizing, recycling, and recombining the fallout of the productive systems of cities. The text outlines these benefits and promotes hybrid design as an act of rewiring or tangling existing urban objects in radical and unprecedented ways. In addition, the text illustrates a novel aesthetic, at once regional and global, that emerges from hybrid architecture.
Architecture in the Time of a (Temporal) Collapse
Authors: Mergold Aleksandr
Published: January 2022

In this chapter, an overview of the processes of spolia as a distinctive cultural practice from the ancient times to ours, architect Aleksandr Mergold frames the possibilities embedded in the radical reuse of the remnants of the 20th century in the contemporary moment-its materials, inventions, aesthetics and debris.
Virtualities of the Visible
Authors: Ozvaldic Maja
Published: January 2022

In Virtualities of the Visible: The architecture of mixed realities, Maja Ozvaldic, an architectural designer and educator, explores early modern European visual culture and its techniques for altering reality to frame a contemporary notion of mixed realities. Furthermore, in attempting to trace its development within the genealogy of optical media and its entanglement with cultural production in general, this essay briefly outlines the cultural and technological context for the unfolding paradigm of the human-computer-vision and sketches its impact on architecture in particular.
Determination and validation of pregabalin in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations by reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: N. Vidya D. , Chaithra R. , P. Senthil Kumar G. , R. Bhadresh D.
Published: January 2022

A simple, specific, quick, isocratic Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method was developed and validated for the analysis of Pregabalin in bulk and 5-different pharmaceutical formulations, the separation was accomplished on a C18, 5Î¼m Reverse Phase column (250 mm Ã— 4.6 mm) using a methanol : water (95:5, v/v) mobile phase. The compound was eluted isocratically at a flow rate of 0.8 ml /min. The UV detector was set at 288 nm for the detection of Pregabalin (PRG). The method was linear over the range of 5-45 Î¼g/ml and validated with respect to accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantization. Robustness testing was also conducted to evaluate the effect of minor changes to the chromatographic system and to establish appropriate system suitability parameters. This method was used successfully for the quality assessment of 5-different pharmaceutical formulations with good precision and accuracy.Â Â Â
Quantum chemical analysis of harmful dye 3-[ (4-anilinophenyl) diazenyl] benzenesulfonate, metanil yellow
Authors: Parbat Shreyas
Published: January 2022

In the present work, quantum chemical study of the harmful dye, metanil yellow is conducted. The optimized molecular geometry and harmonic vibrational frequencies of metanil yellow were calculated by DFT-B3LYP method with LANL2DZ basis set. The vibrational assignments were performed on the basis of the potential energy distribution (PED) of the vibrational modes. Infrared spectra and Bulk Raman spectra were also obtained and characteristic peaks for the title compound were studied. The nonlinear optical properties of the title compound were calculated and discussed. Dipole moment, polarizability and first-order hyperpolarizability of the title compound were reported in order to study nonlinear optical properties (NLO). HOMO-LUMO energy levels were also computed in order to get the bandgap energy. Global reactivity descriptors were calculated using the HOMO and LUMO to predict compound reactivity. UVâ€“Vis spectrum of the title compound was calculated using TDâ€“DFT method. The molecular orbital contributions were studied by density of states (DOSs). Mulliken atomic charges and atomic polar tensors (APT) on each atom were tabulated. A discussion of the vibrational energy of each mode is also presented in this article.Â Â Â
Influence of extraction technique on nutrient content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts of commercial apricot kernels
Authors: HoroziÄ‡ Emir , SuljagiÄ‡ Jasmin , GojkoviÄ‡ Jasna , HalilÄeviÄ‡ Eldin , KubiÄek Darja , CiloviÄ‡ KazareviÄ‡ Ermina
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of influence of extraction technique on phytochemical composition and biological activity of aqueous extracts of commercial apricot kernels. Three techniques were used for extraction: maceration, ultrasonic and Soxhlet extraction. The content of total phenols, flavonoids, bioelements, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity was analyzed in the extracts. Antioxidant activity was analyzed in vitro using DPPH and FRAP methods. Antimicrobial screening was performed by diffusion technique on reference strains from the ATCC collection. The content of total phenols and flavonoids is highest in extracts obtained by ultrasonic extraction and maceration. These techniques have proven to be the best for the extraction of macro and micronutrients. The aqueous extract obtained by maceration at 300 rpm for 3 hours showed a greater inhibitory effect against the tested microorganisms, compared to the extracts obtained by other techniques. The least efficient method of extracting bioactive components from apricot kernels is Soxhlet extraction, with the lowest dry extract yield of 5.5%.Â Â Â
Evaluation of the efficacy of a locally formulated antiseptic, for the control of disease-causing microorganisms
Authors: E. Eseyin Anthonia , O. Omale Benjamin , D. Dodo Juliet
Published: January 2022

An antiseptic (sample A) was locally formulated. Its efficacy on the following micro-organisms; E.Coli, staphylococcus, streptococcus and bacillus species was evaluated and compared with that of Dettol and Septol. Sample A was established to be a cheap and effective antiseptic, which is capable of competing favourably with those in the Nigerian market. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) indicated that Sample A had a similar efficacy with Dettol. The P-value of the MIC results for samples A, Dettol and Septol were 0.004, 0.268 and 0.080 respectively, while the P-value of the MBC results were 0.450, 0.077 and 0.043 respectively. The standard errors of the mean were 0.079, 0.072 and 0.086 for sample A, Dettol and Septol respectively.Â Â
Physico-chemical characteristics and fatty acid profile of allium fistulosum vegetable plant
Authors: Adeyeye Adeniyi
Published: January 2022

The physicochemical properties of the plant and the fatty acid profile of the plant oil of Allium fistulosum have been determined using standard methods of the AOAC. The proximate composition gave moisture content of 89.55%, ash content 0.82%, crude oil 0.64%, crude protein 1.82%, crude fibre 1.65% and carbohydrate 5.54%. The most abundant fatty acids in decreasing order of abundance were linoleic (52.87%) > oleic (17.57%) > palmitic (9.80%) > stearic (8.81%) > linolenic (2.88%) > palmitoleic (2.84%) > myristic (1.28%) > behenic (1.23%). Others with concentrations less than 1.00% are lauric, arachidonic, behenic and lignoceric acids. Linoleic and oleic acids were the most abundant of the total fatty acids and also of the total unsaturated fatty acids with the two totaling 70.44% of all fatty acids. Palmitic and stearic acids were the two most abundant saturated fatty acids, totaling 18.61% of all fatty acids. The total unsaturated fatty acids (77.35%) predominated the total saturated (22.63%), while the percentage poly-unsaturated (56.34%) was far greater than mono-unsaturated (21.04%). The high level of essential fatty acids in the plant oil is an advantage in food consumption and the good total unsaturated/saturated (PS) ratio makes the fruit oil nutritionally very useful to be adopted for domestic purposes.
Comparative analysis of ascorbic acid content of three varieties of apple fruit sold in Lafia open markets, north central Nigeria
Authors: M. Akpomie Timothy , U. Augustine Abel , E. Anwani Samuel , I. Aandaka Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a water-soluble vitamin which helps to boost the immune system, fight against infectious diseas-es, aids iron absorption and formation of collagen in humans and other animals. The ascorbic acid content of three varieties of apples (Red Delicious, Granny Smith and Golden Delicious apples) sold in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria was investigated using the iodometric titration method for comparative reasons. The results obtained showed the concentrations of the ascorbic acid in all three varieties of the fruit to be not only different but statistically so. The concentration of the analytes in order of increasing magnitude is; Golden Delicious (22.83mg/100g), Granny Smith (29.26 mg/100g) and Red Delicious (38.63 mg/100g). Though the differences in the respective concentration of the fruits were statistically significant (p <0.05), these observed differences may not just be a function of the fruit variety alone but also on other possible reasons attributable to the impact of temperature, growing season, storage, shipping conditions and even post-harvest number of days as well as the maturity of the respective apple variety at the time of harvest prior to analysis. Comparatively, the analysis indicated that the three apple varieties are varied in ascorbic acid content but are all good sources vital for healthy living.Â Â
Comparative phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of lemon grass and sweet wormwood leaves extract
Authors: R Murtala , S. I. Alhassan , H.I Rasheed , S. N. Dalhatu , S.S Bala , S.A Idris , D. C. Anyanaso
Published: January 2022

Sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaves were extracted with methanol, evaporated to dryness and processed for antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening. Phosphomolybdenum Reagent was prepared using standard procedure. An aliquot mixture of 2mL of extract solution (1000Âµg/mL, 500Âµg/mL, 250Âµg/mL, 125Âµg/mL, 62.5Âµg/mL, 31.25Âµg/mL and 15.625Âµg/mL) was mixed with 1.8mL of reagent solution. The samples tubes were incubated at 95Â°C for 90 minutes. The absorbance of the aqueous solutions was measured at 695nm against blank. Antioxidant activities of the plants extract were also measured in terms of hydrogen donating radical scavenging ability using the stable DPPH method. Absorbance was recorded at 517 nm against blank using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result of in vitro antioxidant potential of the methanolic leaves extract showed more increase in concentration the higher the absorbance. Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Lemon Grass and Sweet wormwood shows the presence of phytochemical in lemongrass and sweet wormwood such as flavonoid, tannin, steroid, saponins and cardiac glycoside.Â Â
The effect of Triton X surfactants on Pb (II) transport rate using bulk liquid membrane systems
Authors: Suljkanovic Mersiha , SuljagiÄ‡ Jasmin , PaÅ¡iÄ‡ Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Implementation of the "bulk liquid membrane" (BLM) system was investigated in terms of its efficiency for selective removal of heavy metal ions from natural resources and industrial wastewater. In this paper, the removal of lead (II) ions through a liquid membrane system and factors that influence the process were examined. The research was performed using the homemade transport cell. Two organic solvents were used as liquid membranes: 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroform. Metal ion concentration in aqueous phases was monitored by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, after 4 hours of experiment. Macrocyclic ether (dicyclohexano-18-crown-6) was used as ligand for Pb (II) ions. The effects of nonionic surfactants (Triton X-100, Triton X-45 and Triton X-405) added in the receiving phase of BLM system were investigated. The results showed significant increase in transport rate compared to systems without surfactants. Considering the surfactant structure, transport rate of Pb (II) ions followed the order: TX-100 >TX-45>TX-405. Presence of TX-100 increased transport of Pb (II) ions up to 78% through chloroform and 58% through 1,2-dichloroethane.Â Â
Analysis of inhibition action of acacia nilotica ethanol extract on aluminium corrosion in 1.0M HCl and NaOH
Authors: S.U Abdul , M.B Ibrahim , M. A. Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

The proposed corrosion inhibition action of Acacia nilotica ethanol extract on aluminium corrosion in HCl and NaOH was investigated using weight loss method. The Acacia nilotica ethanol extract was found to be inactive in NaOH at all the concentrations of the inhibitor but active in HCl with increasing inhibition efficiency as inhibitor concentration and decreases as temperature increases with the highest inhibition efficiency of 95.31%. The kinetic and thermodynamics data shows that the adsorption process was feasible and endothermic adsorption process from the large negative values of Gibbâ€™s free energy (Î”G) and negative values of enthalpy (Î”H), The data indicated physisorption process of adsorption which was supported by FTIR spectra. The adsorption process was best fitted to Langmuir adsorption model.Â Â
Cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticlesâ€“based drug delivery in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management and its role and application in overcoming drug resistance under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Hotz Margaret , MacDonald Nancy , Peterson Victoria , Caissutti Angela , Besana Elizabeth , Esposito Jennifer , Schmitt Katrina , Chan Ling-Yu , Sherwood Francesca , Henderson Maria , Kimmel Jimmy
Published: January 2022

In the current research, Cadmium Oxide (CdO) nanoparticlesâ€“based drug delivery in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management and its role and application in overcoming drug resistance under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Cadmium Oxide (CdO) Cadmium Oxide (CdO) nanoparticlesâ€“based drug delivery in cancer prevention, prognosis, diagnosis, imaging, screening, treatment and management and its role and application in overcoming drug resistance under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations. produced using solâ€“gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drudeâ€“Lorentz model for parametric diâ€“electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenbergâ€“Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results.Â Â Cadmium Oxide (Cdo) Nanoparticlesâ€“Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Prevention, Prognosis, Diagnosis, Imaging, Screening, Treatment and Management and Its Role and Application in Overcoming Drug Resistance Under Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations.Â Â Â
Interdisciplinary approach to iridium (iv) oxide (IrO2) nanoparticles as weapons against cancer under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Hotz Margaret , MacDonald Nancy , Peterson Victoria , Caissutti Angela , Besana Elizabeth , Esposito Jennifer , Schmitt Katrina , Chan Ling-Yu , Sherwood Francesca , Henderson Maria , Kimmel Jimmy
Published: January 2022

In the current research, interdisciplinary approach to Iridium (IV) Oxide (IrO2) nanoparticles as weapons against cancer under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Iridium (IV) Oxide (IrO2) interdisciplinary approach to Iridium (IV) Oxide (IrO2) nanoparticles as weapons against cancer under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using solâ€“gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drudeâ€“Lorentz model for parametric diâ€“electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenbergâ€“Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results.Â Â Â Â Interdisciplinary Approach to Iridium (IV) Oxide (IrO2) Nanoparticles as Weapons Against Cancer Under Synchrotron and Synchrocyclotron Radiations.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Comparative study of the nutritional characteristics and fatty acid profiles of the seeds and seed oils of sweet, bell and bird varieties of pepper (capsicum species)
Authors: Adeyeye A , Salami-Adeniyi AI , Sulaiman WK
Published: January 2022

The proximate compositions of the seeds and fatty acid contents of the seed oils of the three varieties of Capsicum (pepper) species fruits â€“ sweet, bell and bird pepper â€“ have been determined using standard AOAC methods. Their proximate compositions gave moisture contents as 82.54%, 83.32% and 84.74% for bird, sweet and bell peppers respectively. Other proximate values in the various pepper samples ranged as follows: crude fat 1.52%â€“2.21%, crude protein 2.64%â€“3.51%, crude fibre 2.72%â€“4.71%, ash contents 1.62%â€“3.03% and carbohydrate contents 4.52â€“6.96%. The order of abundance of the fatty acids were linoleic > oleic > stearic > palmitic in each sample. All the other fatty acids, except myristic acid in bell pepper seed oil, had values lower than 1.00% in all samples. The total unsaturated fatty acids predominated the total saturated ones with values ranging from 79.23% in bird pepper to 82.33% in bell pepper. The total polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 57.80% in sweet pepper to 66.50% in bell pepper while the total essential fatty acids ranged from 57.78% in sweet pepper to 66.00% in bell pepper. The total unsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio was highest in bell pepper, making it the most nutritionally useful of them all.Â Â Â
Characterization of biomass residue (yam peels) for bioethanol production
Authors: Bashir Abdulrahman , Mohammed Baba Nasirudeen , M. Akpomie Timothy
Published: January 2022

The potential of yam peels for bioethanol production was investigated through an understanding of their compositional profile. The yam peels dried powder was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis, and it was examined for proximate and biochemical composition. The result of the biochemical analysis of the yam peels showed the following: holocellulose (57.93 %) [cellulose (29.02 %) + hemicellulose (28.91 %)], and lignin (27.43 %), while the proximate analysis showed the following: moisture (11.11 %), ash (5.93 %), and volatile matter (68.4 %). Consequently, the X-ray diffraction pattern shows the presence of amorphous and crystalline region in the sample. The result showed that the yam peels possesses low lignin and high holocellulose content. This study indicate that the yam peels are potential candidates for bioethanol production.Â Â
Concentration level of arsenic in agricultural soil and surface water used for irrigation in Bukuru, JOS- south LGA of plateau state, Nigeria
Authors: J.D Dodo , C.O Akinola , E. Ogah , S. J. Salami
Published: January 2022

Arsenic concentration of agricultural soil and surface water used for irrigation were surveyed in two abandoned mining sites of Jos South Local Government Area. DB-Zang and Dorowa total dissolved solid, total hardness, electrical conductivity, temperature and pH of the agricultural soil and surface water were determined according to standard procedure. Result indicates that Total dissolve solids in W1 was 156Â±2.00mg/L and for W2 (160Â±2.00mg/L), total hardness W1 (35.20Â±4.70mg/L) and W2 (44.67Â±4.70mg/L), electrical conductivity for W1 was 0.240Â±0.189Âµs/cm and W2 was 0.120Â±0.189Âµs/cm ,electrical conductivity for S1 (0.49Â±0.16Âµs/cm), S2 (0.17Â±0.16Âµs/cm), temperature for both water was 28.00Â±0.00oC for soil are 18.00Â±0.00 o C, pH for W1 (7.10Â±0.05) and W2 (7.20Â±0.05), pH for S1 (6.90Â±0.15) S2 ( 6.60Â±0.15). The concentration of Arsenic in soil L2 is14.00Â±0.70Âµg/kg which is in agreement with WHO recommended level of Arsenic in soil and for L1 257.00Â±120.00Âµg/kg which is not in agreement with the WHO recommended level of arsenic, while in water for L1 was 3.00Â±0.50Âµg/L which is not in agreement with the WHO recommended level of arsenic and L2 was 48.00Â±0.70Âµg/L which is not in agreement with the WHO recommended level of arsenic. The cultivation of food crops in those areas are not recommended.Â Â Â
Failures and reoperation in fixed prosthesis -Systematic Review-
Authors: Amine CHAFII , Abdallah MOUHIBI , Abderrhman ANDOH
Published: January 2022

Our systematic review is made in view of the absence of studies dealing with failures and reoperations which encompassed all types of dento-supported fixed prosthetic restorations and aims to study prosthetic failures that could be encountered in fixed dento-supported prosthesis and the solutions to remedyOver the past two centuries, considerable progress has been made under the leadership of many scientists who have developed materials and techniques, with the aim of improving the quality of care and improving ergonomics.In short, in fixed prosthesis, failures have particularly serious consequences and can occur at all levels involved for these restorations. They can happen at any time.This is how we were able to note the influence of certaine variable on the success and durability of the treatments, which did not depend only on the skill and precision used during prosthetic development, such as the location, arch, preparation design, number of abutments, type of material used, bonding material, surface treatment and technologies used.So the choice of restorative materials was a decisive factor that had to be the result of a careful study of the different materials available depending on the clinical situation, in order to increase their longevity and therefore reduce the risk of failure.Â Â Â
Development of precipitation intensity-duration-frequency curves for litani river basin - Lebanon
Authors: Obeid Hilal , El Kholy Mohamad
Published: January 2022

Most countries in the Middle East region lack the availability of rainfall data and relationships for the rainfall durations and frequencies. In this study, the daily rainfall data collected from Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute and Beirut Airport Weather Forecast for five stations in Litani River Basin-Lebanon over a period of twenty-three years are analyzed. SCS Type II rainfall distribution was adopted for short duration intervals. Gumbel, Normal, and the Log Pearson Type III distributions are used to develop the relationship between the rainfall intensity, storm duration, and return periods. Chi-Square test is used to confirm the suitability of the fitted distributions. Results obtained using Log Pearson and Gumbel distributions are very close and are more applicable compared to that of the Normal Distribution. Also, results show that IDF equations of Kimijima and Sherman may fit well at all stations.Â Â Â
Performance of sequence batch moving bed biofilm reactor under different operation cycle modes for domestic wastewater treatment
Authors: K.Azeez Ghufran , S. Al-Rekabi Wisam , T. Ibrahim Husham
Published: January 2022

Because of the rapid urbanization, the rate of surface water pollution is increasing daily due to the disposal of different wastewater in the water bodies leading to creating major impacts on humans and wildlife. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new treatment technology that can meet the challenges of increased sewage discharges and strictness in standard specifications for treated water and the lowest possible construction, maintenance, and operation costs while avoiding all the problems that arise from the use of the traditional technique of active sludge. Sequence Batch Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (SBMBBR) technology has been developed to overcome these challenges, (SBMBBR) process is one of the most efficient and economical wastewater treatment systems. in our research. the Lab-scale of SBMBBR technology is constructed to treat domestic wastewater. The SBR unit is consist of; Primary clarifier of (150 L), an SBR reactor of (96 L) which were used to treated 80 L/d, at the MBB which used Kaldnes media, was utilized as a carrier in reactor at a media fill ratio equal to 50%. We Was optimize of five operations cyclic mode and choose The fourth cyclic mode is the best for the average efficiency of removal (COD, NH4+-N, TN, TP) was (98.132%), (97.642%), (82.255%), and (92.107%) respectively.Â Â