bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Current State of Global Surgical Oncology and the Role of Surgeons Who Treat Cancer: Our Profession’s Imperative to Act Upon a Worldwide Crisis in Evolution
Authors: Saunders Aaron C. , Mutebi Miriam , Rao T. Subramanyeshwar
Published: March 2023

Worldwide, the capacity of healthcare systems and physician workforce is woefully inadequate for the surgical treatment of cancer. With major projected increases in the global burden of neoplastic disease, this inadequacy is expected to worsen, and interventions to increase the workforce of surgeons who treat cancer and strengthen the necessary supporting infrastructure, equipment, staffing, financial and information systems are urgently called for to prevent this inadequacy from deepening. These efforts must also occur in the context of broader healthcare systems strengthening and cancer control plans, including prevention, screening, early detection, safe and effective treatment, surveillance, and palliation. The cost of these interventions should be considered a critical investment in healthcare systems strengthening that will contribute to improvement in the public and economic health of nations. Failure to act should be seen as a missed opportunity, at the cost of lives and delayed economic growth and development. Surgeons who treat cancer must engage with a diverse array of stakeholders in efforts to address this critical need and are indispensably positioned to participate in collaborative approaches to influence these efforts through research, advocacy, training, and initiatives for sustainable development and overall systems strengthening.
The relationship between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and arrhythmias in patients with hypertension: a 3.0T cardiac magnetic resonance study
Authors: Yang Zhaoxia , Tang Dazong , Luo Yi , Xiang Chunlin , Huang Lu , Xia Liming
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

To investigate the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and arrhythmias in hypertensive patients.

Methods:

Fifty-four hypertensive patients with arrhythmias (HTN [arrhythmias+]), 79 hypertensive patients without arrhythmias (HTN [arrhythmias-]), and 39 normal controls were retrospectively enrolled. EAT thickness was measured on cine images. Analysis of covariance with Bonferroni’s post hoc correction, Pearson or Spearman analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve, and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis were performed.

Results:

All hypertensive patients had impaired left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) myocardial deformation, and HTN (arrhythmias+) patients displayed higher LV myocardial native T1, LA volume index, and increased EAT thickness than HTN (arrhythmias-) patients and normotensive controls. The presence of LV late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was higher in hypertensive patients with arrhythmias than in those without arrhythmias. EAT thickness metrics significantly correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein levels, LV mass index and native T1 (all p < 0.05). EAT thickness parameters were able to differentiate hypertensive patients with arrhythmias from those without arrhythmias and normal controls, and the right ventricular free wall had the highest diagnostic performance.

Conclusion:

An accumulation of EAT thickness could further induce cardiac remodeling, promote myocardial fibrosis, and exaggerate function in hypertensive patients with arrhythmias.

Advances in knowledge:

CMR-derived EAT thickness metrics could be a useful imaging marker for differentiating hypertensive patients with arrhythmias, which might be a potential target for the prevention of cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias.
Zmiana klimatu jako wyzwanie edukacyjne
Authors: Bokwa Anita , Kicińska Bożena , Kurowski Łukasz , Wieczorek Luiza
Published: March 2023

Zmiana klimatu jest zjawiskiem o charakterze globalnym i ma wpływ na życie każdego człowieka. Przeciwdziałanie zmianom klimatu powinno być nie tylko przedmiotem polityki klimatycznej. Wysiłki w tym celu powinny być podejmowane przez wszystkie grupy społeczne i podmioty gospodarcze. Zależy to jednak od wiedzy i świadomości przyczyn, konsekwencji i mechanizmów zmiany klimatycznej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest diagnoza stanu edukacji klimatycznej w Polsce w perspektywie geograficznej oraz próba wyznaczenia efektywnych sposobów jej realizacji. Dokonano przeglądu inicjatyw z tego zakresu. Przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w Polsce wśród uczniów i nauczycieli. Poziom wiedzy na temat klimatu w społeczeństwie polskim jest niski; duże luki deklarowane są częściej przez młodzież (18–24 lat) niż osoby starsze. Dla większości społeczeństwa głównym źródłem wiedzy o zmianie klimatu są mass media, co utrudnia kształtowanie wysokiej świadomości społecznej w tej dziedzinie, opartej na rzetelnej wiedzy. Konieczne jest dostosowanie podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego do każdego etapu edukacyjnego pod kątem uwzględnienia zagadnień klimatycznych oraz wzmocnienie współpracy między szkołami a uczelniami wyższymi w kontekście edukacji klimatycznej. Edukacja klimatyczna jest ważną częścią edukacji geograficznej, ale powinna być wprowadzana do kształcenia także w innych zakresach w celu kształtowania np. wśród ekonomistów, architektów, planistów postaw zbieżnych z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju.
Validity and reliability test for problem areas in Diabetes-Five item short form (PAID-5) Indonesia version
Authors: Budi Tunjung Arini , Pramono Raden Bowo , Wicaksana Anggi
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective: Emotional distress experienced by patients with diabetes (PWD) can affect glycemic control and quality of life. However, limited tools are available in Indonesia to detect emotional distress in PWD in clinical setting or research. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesia version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-5) scale.

Methods: After the cross-cultural adaptation method was conducted, psychometric tests were done from August to November 2019 at affiliated hospitals in Yogyakarta by involving 100 adult PWD. All PWD with no medical records of mental health problems or cognitive disorders were voluntarily included. Content and construct validity and internal consistency measurements were used to evaluate the psychometric properties.

Results: The mean age was 61.2 years of the men and women who equally participated in the study and mostly were non-working patients. The PAID-5 resulted in five question items to identify the emotional distress of PWD in the Indonesian language. Some minor modifications were done in items four and five after discussing them with the original authors and experts in Indonesia. The results showed item content validity index for item and scale were 0.6-0.8 and 0.72, respectively. The calculated r-values ranged from 0.751 to 0.888, which were higher than the r table (0.197). The Cronbach alpha of the Indonesia version of PAID-5 was 0.87 with inter-item and item-total correlations of 0.43-0.71 and 0.61-0.79, respectively.

Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that PAID-5 is considered valid and reliable to assess emotional distress among PWD and can be useful in clinical setting or for research purposes. Continued assessment of emotional distress is applicable and helps patients to better deal with their emotional distress.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7088

How to cite this: Budi TA, Pramono RB, Wicaksana AL. Validity and reliability test for problem areas in aaDiabetesFive item short form (PAID-5) Indonesia version. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):737-741. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7088

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of clinical outcomes between laparoscopic orchiopexy and open orchiopexy in the treatment of palpable undescended testes
Authors: Chen Zhuangzhuang , Chu Yansheng , Hu Yifeng
Published: March 2023

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of laparoscopic orchiopexy (LO) and open orchiopexy (OO) in the treatment of palpable undescended testes.

Methods: Seventy-six children with palpable undescended testes treated in Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital from June 2019 to January 2021 were selected in this observational retrospective study. Patients were grouped according to their different surgical methods, 33 patients received OO (Open-group) and 43 patients received LO (Laparoscopic-group). The clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared, including surgical-related indicators, near and long-term surgical complications and postoperative testicular growth.

Results: Operation time, intraoperative bleeding, first ambulation time and hospitalization time in the Laparoscopic-group were lower than those in the Open-group (p<0.05). The short-term complication rate in the Laparoscopic-group was lower than that in the Open-group (2.27% vs 15.15%; p<0.05), but the long-term complication rate in the Laparoscopic-group was not significantly different from the Open-group (4.65% vs 3.03%; p>0.05). Follow-up was up to 18 months post-operation, with the rate of testicular growth (97.67% vs 96.97%; p>0.05) and testicular volume (0.59 ± 0.14ml vs 0.58 ± 0.12ml p>0.05) not significantly different between the Laparoscopic-group or Open-group respectively.

Conclusion: LO is as clinically effective as OO in the treatment of palpable undescended testes, however, shorter operation time, less intraoperative bleeding and rapid recovery time have been noted with LO.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7371

How to cite this: Chen Z, Chu Y, Hu Y. Comparison of clinical outcomes between laparoscopic orchiopexy and open orchiopexy in the treatment of palpable undescended testes. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):785-789. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7371

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Network Migration Problem: A Hybrid Logic-Based Benders Decomposition Approach
Authors: Daryalal Maryam , Pouya Hamed , DeSantis Marc Antoine
Published: March 2023

Telecommunication networks frequently face technological advancements and need to upgrade their infrastructure. Adapting legacy networks to the latest technology requires synchronized technicians responsible for migrating the equipment. The goal of the network migration problem is to find an optimal plan for this process. This is a defining step in the customer acquisition of telecommunications service suppliers, and its outcome directly impacts the network owners’ purchasing behavior. We propose the first exact method for the network migration problem, a logic-based Benders decomposition approach that benefits from a hybrid constraint programming–based column generation in its master problem and a constraint programming model in its subproblem. This integrated solution technique is applicable to any integer programming problem with similar structure, most notably the vehicle routing problem with node synchronization constraints. Comprehensive evaluation of our method over instances based on six real networks demonstrates the computational efficiency of the algorithm in obtaining quality solutions. We also show the merit of each incorporated optimization paradigm in achieving this performance.

History: Accepted by David Alderson, Area Editor for Network Optimization: Algorithms & Applications.

Funding: This work was supported by Mitacs. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Government of Ontario, Ontario Research Fund–Research Excellence, and the University of Toronto.

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2023.1280 .
Product Quality and Information Sharing in the Presence of Reviews
Authors: Shin Dongwook , Zeevi Assaf
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the problem of information sharing between a retail platform and a manufacturer in a supply chain. We develop a stylized model salient to which is that the product’s quality is a priori unknown to customers, who can infer it from customer-generated reviews. The platform, in turn, has access to private information concerning the relationship between quality and demand, and the manufacturer can choose to acquire said information to help determine the quality of its product accordingly. Our analysis yields three main insights. First, information sharing in and of itself induces the manufacturer to improve quality. Second, under a wholesale price contract, information sharing and product reviews together have a negative effect on product quality: When each firm is able to adjust its price in response to the quality signal, it benefits the manufacturer and hinders the platform. Consequently, the presence of reviews discourages the platform from sharing information, and the manufacturer tends to produce a lower-quality product. Finally, the negative effect of product reviews on the supply chain can be mitigated when the platform can share less accurate information or when the platform and manufacturer make a commission contract, rather than a wholesale price contract.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Funding: D. Shin received financial support from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology [grant IGN17BM09].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4746 .
Managing Customer Search: Assortment Planning for a Subscription Box Service
Authors: Bernstein Fernando , Guo Yuan
Published: March 2023

Problem definition: This paper focuses on subscription box services in which a provider selects the assortment of products to include in the box by taking into account the customer’s preferences. Customers interested in purchasing a product choose between engaging in active search (i.e., visit physical stores) or subscribing to a box delivery service. We study the subscription box company’s problem of selecting the optimal contents of the box to maximize expected revenue (by driving demand from customers). Methodology/results: Because a product may be both available at a store and included in the box, the assortment in a box affects the set of stores that a customer would visit under active search and, therefore, the customer’s subscription decision. We model such interaction by applying a cross-nested logit framework that correlates the contents in the box with the products available at the stores. We find that the box should include a collection of popular subsets of the store products for customers that experience a relatively low or relatively high search cost. If a preview of the box is available, we find that, for customers with intermediate values of the search cost, it may be optimal to include a so-called utility loss leader, that is, a product with relatively low valuation, to entice customers to subscribe to the box delivery service and therefore increase the likelihood of a sale. We use rational expectations to model a setting in which a preview of the box is not available. In such cases, it is never optimal to include a utility loss leader in the box. Managerial implications: Our model captures the impact of product overlap across different shopping channels on customer choice and the subscription box company assortment decision. We derive insights on how the subscription service provider should determine the contents of the box in anticipation of the customer’s search behavior. We also examine the decision of offering exclusive products in addition to branded items.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1204 .
Relationship Between Physical Workload, Work Fatigue, and Drinking Water Consumption to Work Productivity of Brickmakers
Authors: Ariestaniaji Devi Falya , Setyaningsih Yuliani , Widjasena Baju
Published: March 2023

Background: Work productivity is the ability of the workforce to produce several goods per unit of time. Several factors, such as physical workload, work fatigue, and drinking water consumption, can cause high or low levels of work productivity. Method: This research was conducted in a brick-making business in Kaligayam Village, Tegal Regency, in August 2022 using an analytic observational research method and a cross-sectional approach. The sample in the study consisted of 42 workers and was analyzed using the Chi-Square Test with a confidence level of 95%. The instruments in this study were questionnaires to determine drinking water consumption and work productivity, as well as a physical workload measurement tool, namely the oximeter, and a work fatigue measurement tool, namely the reaction timer. Results: The physical workload (OR= 0.133; CI= 0.032-0.563; p<0.05), work fatigue (OR = 0.195; CI = 0.042-0.914; p<0.05), drinking water consumption (OR = 11.250; CI = 2.100-60.267; p<0.05) had a relationship to work productivity. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the variables of physical workload, work fatigue, and drinking water consumption on the work productivity of brickmakers. Elderly workers should do work with a light workload, workers can rest for 30 minutes every 4 hours of work, make the most of their rest time, and there is a need for workers' self-awareness to consume fluids according to NIOSH rules with a total of ≥6 liters per day.
Comparison of buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam for seizures in children
Authors: McKie Katrina , Raby Peter
Published: March 2023

Background:

buccal midazolam and rectal diazepam are used as first-line drugs to control seizures in children. Immediate treatment and management of a continuing seizure is vital to ensure its safe, effective and prompt termination.

Aim:

To allow practitioners to evaluate the safety and efficacy of buccal midazolam versus rectal diazepam when treating seizures in children.

Methods:

A systematic review process was used to identify sources from CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library, published in English between February 1999 and June 2010

Findings:

five studies, totalling 676 patients, received buccal midazolam or rectal diazepam for seizures were identified. Treatment response occurred within 293 (76%) of 386 episodes treated with buccal midazolam and 248 (65%) of 383 episodes where rectal diazepam was used. There was no significant difference between groups regarding incidence of respiratory depression.

Conclusion:

the reviewed articles suggest that buccal midazolam is as effective as rectal diazepam for the termination of seizures.
Perfiles de ansiedad del alumnado de Educación Primaria y sus estilos atribucionales en Lengua y Literatura
Authors: Fernández-Sogorb Aitana , Pino-Juste Margarita
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN. La ansiedad en el ámbito escolar, la ansiedad generalizada y la tendencia a usar determinados tipos de causas para explicar los resultados académicos pueden afectar la motivación del alumnado hacia la Lengua y la Literatura. En este sentido, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la posible existencia de perfiles de ansiedad en estudiantes de Educación Primaria e identificar sus estilos atribucionales para los éxitos y fracasos en Lengua y Literatura. MÉTODO. Se administraron las versiones españolas de la Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety-Revised (VAA-R) y la Sydney Attribution Scale (SAS) a 1271 estudiantes de 8 a 11 años (M = 9.65, DE = 1.23), siendo el 50.59% chicos. Se usó la técnica latent class analysis (LCA) para hallar los perfiles y se ejecutaron análisis de varianza (ANOVA) para identificar las diferencias interclase en los estilos atribucionales. RESULTADOS. El LCA reveló cuatro perfiles de ansiedad. Los perfiles alta, moderada y baja ansiedad se caracterizaron por mostrar altas (z = 1.04; 0.96; 0.76), moderadas (z = -0.08; -0.05; 0.03) y bajas puntuaciones (z = -0.88; -0.68; -1.06) en los tres factores de la VAA-R, mientras que el perfil baja ansiedad de tipo escolar puntuó bajo solo en los dos factores referentes a la ansiedad ante situaciones del ámbito escolar (z = -1.11; -0.97). Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre todos los grupos (p < .001) y diferencias con tamaño del efecto grande entre los perfiles alta ansiedad y baja ansiedad de tipo escolar (d = 0.98 y 0.99), mostrando el primer grupo una mayor tendencia a atribuir sus fracasos a su baja capacidad y esfuerzo. DISCUSIÓN. Los estudiantes con alta ansiedad son los más vulnerables a la desmotivación, pero es necesario profundizar en otras variables como la familia para perfeccionar las estrategias didácticas que sugieren estos resultados.
One model fits all: Combining inference and simulation of gene regulatory networks
Authors: Ventre Elias , Herbach Ulysse , Espinasse Thibault , Benoit Gérard , Gandrillon Olivier
Published: March 2023

The rise of single-cell data highlights the need for a nondeterministic view of gene expression, while offering new opportunities regarding gene regulatory network inference. We recently introduced two strategies that specifically exploit time-course data, where single-cell profiling is performed after a stimulus: HARISSA, a mechanistic network model with a highly efficient simulation procedure, and CARDAMOM, a scalable inference method seen as model calibration. Here, we combine the two approaches and show that the same model driven by transcriptional bursting can be used simultaneously as an inference tool, to reconstruct biologically relevant networks, and as a simulation tool, to generate realistic transcriptional profiles emerging from gene interactions. We verify that CARDAMOM quantitatively reconstructs causal links when the data is simulated from HARISSA, and demonstrate its performance on experimental data collected on in vitro differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells. Overall, this integrated strategy largely overcomes the limitations of disconnected inference and simulation.
Sas-Ptp10D shapes germ-line stem cell niche by facilitating JNK-mediated apoptosis
Authors: Taniguchi Kiichiro , Igaki Tatsushi
Published: March 2023

The function of the stem cell system is supported by a stereotypical shape of the niche structure. In Drosophila ovarian germarium, somatic cap cells form a dish-like niche structure that allows only two or three germ-line stem cells (GSCs) reside in the niche. Despite extensive studies on the mechanism of stem cell maintenance, the mechanisms of how the dish-like niche structure is shaped and how this structure contributes to the stem cell system have been elusive. Here, we show that a transmembrane protein Stranded at second (Sas) and its receptor Protein tyrosine phosphatase 10D (Ptp10D), effectors of axon guidance and cell competition via epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) inhibition, shape the dish-like niche structure by facilitating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated apoptosis. Loss of Sas or Ptp10D in gonadal apical cells, but not in GSCs or cap cells, during the pre-pupal stage results in abnormal shaping of the niche structure in the adult, which allows excessive, four to six GSCs reside in the niche. Mechanistically, loss of Sas-Ptp10D elevates Egfr signaling in the gonadal apical cells, thereby suppressing their naturally-occurring JNK-mediated apoptosis that is essential for the shaping of the dish-like niche structure by neighboring cap cells. Notably, the abnormal niche shape and resulting excessive GSCs lead to diminished egg production. Our data propose a concept that the stereotypical shaping of the niche structure optimizes the stem cell system, thereby maximizing the reproductive capacity.
Linkages between men’s wealth status and the ideal number of children: A trend and multilevel analysis of survey data in Nigeria
Authors: Ololade Adewole G. , Babalola Blessing I. , Omotoso Kehinde O. , Oyelade Oyeyemi O. , Ibrahim Elhakim A.
Published: March 2023

Most African societies practice a patriarchal family system that endows a man with authority and dominance in the family and society with a defined role of being the breadwinner of the home. A man is expected to have a great influence in determining the ideal number of children in the family and take a domineering role in decision-making, especially those related to household resource allocation. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between men’s wealth status and an ideal number of children. The study used secondary data from the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) from 2003 to 2018. The objectives were achieved using descriptive and inferential statistics, including frequency, mean, ANOVA, and multilevel analysis techniques. Wealth status significantly influenced the ideal number of children considering the crude and adjusted regression analysis. After adjusting for individual-level and contextual factors, the odd ratio of ideal number of children was significantly lower among men in the richest categories of the wealth index. Moreover, men with two wives and above, uneducated men, Northern residents, men living in high community family norms, low community family planning, high community poverty, and low community level of education desired a high number of children. The analyses suggest the need for a consideration of community structures to provide lucrative employment for men and would experience an appreciable fertility decline in line with the objectives and targets stated in Nigeria’s population policies and programmes.
Spatiotemporal distributions of under-five mortality in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2019
Authors: Atalell Kendalem Asmare , Alene Kefyalew Addis
Published: March 2023

Under-five mortality declined in the last two decades in Ethiopia, but sub-national and local progress remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distributions and ecological level factors of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. Data on under-five mortality were obtained from five different Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS), conducted in 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016, and 2019. Environmental and healthcare access data were obtained from different publicly available sources. Bayesian geostatistical models were used to predict and visualize spatial risks for under-five mortality. The national under-five mortality rate in Ethiopia declined from 121 per 1000 live births in 2000 to 59 per 1000 live births in 2019. Spatial variation in under-five mortality was observed at regional and local levels with the highest rates reported in the Western, Eastern, and Central parts of Ethiopia. Spatial clustering of under-five mortality was significantly associated with population density, access to a water body, and climatic factors such as temperature. Under-five mortality rate declined over the past two decades and varied substantially at sub-national and local levels in Ethiopia. Increasing access to water and health care may help to reduce under-five mortality in high-risk areas. Therefore, interventions targeted to reduce under-five mortality should be strengthened in the areas that had a clustering of under-five mortality in Ethiopia by increasing access to quality health care access.
How does Indian news media report smokeless tobacco control? A content analysis of the gutka ban enforcement
Authors: Dsouza Vivek , Kembhavi Pratiksha Mohan , Rao S. Praveen , P. Kumaran , Hebbar Pragati B.
Published: March 2023

Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products like gutka and paan masala are a growing public health crisis in India. Despite enacting a ban—the highest form of regulation—little is known about implementation progress. The purpose of this study was to look at how enforcement of gutka ban is covered in Indian news media and if media is a reliable source of data. We conducted a content analysis of online news reports (n = 192) from 2011 to 2019. News characteristics such as name and type of publication, language, location, slant and beat coverage, visuals, and administrative focus were quantified. Similarly, news contents were inductively coded to examine dominant themes and the implementation landscape. We found that coverage was initially low but increased after 2016. Overall, news reports were in favor of the ban. Five leading English newspapers covered the majority of the ban enforcement reports. Prominent themes like consumption, health hazards, tobacco control responses, impact on livelihoods, and illicit trade were drawn from the textual analysis as the main arguments in relation to the ban. Gutka is largely seen as an issue of crime reflected by the contents, sources, and frequent use of pictures depicting law enforcement. The interconnected distribution channels of the gutka industry hindered enforcement, highlighting the need to study the complexities of regional and local SLT supply chains.
A new shear creep damage model for rock masses after considering initial damage
Authors: Hu Bin , Wang Zeqi , Li Jing , Wei Erjian , Ma Liyao , Liu Ji , Xiaobo Yu
Published: March 2023

For a long time, one of the important safety problems in open-pit mines is the stability of a large number of high slopes with gently inclined soft interlayer. Rock masses formed after long geological processes generally have some initial damage. Mining works also cause varying degrees of disturbance and damage to rock masses in the mining area during the mining process. This phenomenon means that accurate characterization of the time-dependent creep damage for rock masses under shear load is necessary. The damage variable D is defined based on the spatial and temporal evolution laws of shear modulus and initial level of damage for the rock mass. In addition, a coupling damage equation between the initial damage of the rock mass and shear creep damage is established based on Lemaitre’s strain equivalence assumption. Kachanov’s damage theory is also incorporated to describe the entire process of time-dependent creep damage evolution for rock masses. A creep damage constitutive model that can reasonably reflect the actual mechanical properties of rock masses under multi-stage shear creep loading conditions is established. This takes into account multi-stage shear creep loading conditions, instantaneous creep damage during the shear load phase, staged creep damage and factors influencing the initial damage of rock masses. The reasonableness, reliability and applicability of this model are verified by comparing the results of the multi-stage shear creep test with calculated values from the proposed model. As opposed to the traditional creep damage model, the shear creep model established in this present study takes into account the initial damage of rock masses and can describe the multi-stage shear creep damage characteristics of rock masses more convincingly.
Energy-harnessing problem solving of primordial life: Modeling the emergence of catalytic host-nested parasite life cycles
Authors: Conrad Bernard , Iseli Christian , Pirovino Magnus
Published: March 2023

All life forms on earth ultimately descended from a primordial population dubbed the last universal common ancestor or LUCA via Darwinian evolution. Extant living systems share two salient functional features, a metabolism extracting and transforming energy required for survival, and an evolvable, informational polymer–the genome–conferring heredity. Genome replication invariably generates essential and ubiquitous genetic parasites. Here we model the energetic, replicative conditions of LUCA-like organisms and their parasites, as well as adaptive problem solving of host-parasite pairs. We show using an adapted Lotka-Volterra frame-work that three host-parasite pairs–individually a unit of a host and a parasite that is itself parasitized, therefore a nested parasite pair–are sufficient for robust and stable homeostasis, forming a life cycle. This nested parasitism model includes competition and habitat restriction. Its catalytic life cycle efficiently captures, channels and transforms energy, enabling dynamic host survival and adaptation. We propose a Malthusian fitness model for a quasispecies evolving through a host-nested parasite life cycle with two core features, rapid replacement of degenerate parasites and increasing evolutionary stability of host-nested parasite units from one to three pairs.
Deep learning neural network image analysis of immunohistochemical protein expression reveals a significantly reduced expression of biglycan in breast cancer
Authors: Thiesen Ana Paula , Mielczarski Bruna , Savaris Ricardo Francalacci
Published: March 2023

New breast cancer biomarkers have been sought for better tumor characterization and treatment. Among these putative markers, there is Biglycan (BGN). BGN is a class I small leucine-rich proteoglycan family of proteins characterized by a protein core with leucine-rich repeats. The objective of this study is to compare the protein expression of BGN in breast tissue with and without cancer, using immunohistochemical technique associated with digital histological score (D-HScore) and supervised deep learning neural networks (SDLNN). In this case-control study, 24 formalin–fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained for analysis. Normal (n = 9) and cancerous (n = 15) tissue sections were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using BGN monoclonal antibody (M01-Abnova) and 3,3’-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) as the chromogen. Photomicrographs of the slides were analysed with D-HScore, using arbitrary DAB units. Another set (n = 129) with higher magnification without ROI selection, was submitted to the inceptionV3 deep neural network image embedding recognition model. Next, supervised neural network analysis, using stratified 20 fold cross validation, with 200 hidden layers, ReLu activation, and regularization at α = 0.0001 were applied for SDLNN. The sample size was calculated for a minimum of 7 cases and 7 controls, having a power = 90%, an α error = 5%, and a standard deviation of 20, to identify a decrease from the average of 40 DAB units (control) to 4 DAB units in cancer. BGN expression in DAB units [median (range)] was 6.2 (0.8 to 12.4) and 27.31 (5.3 to 81.7) in cancer and normal breast tissue, respectively, using D-HScore (p = 0.0017, Mann-Whitney test). SDLNN classification accuracy was 85.3% (110 out of 129; 95%CI = 78.1% to 90.3%). BGN protein expression is reduced in breast cancer tissue, compared to normal tissue.
Marital status, household size, and lifestyle changes during the first COVID-19 pandemic: NIPPON DATA2010
Authors: Abe Makiko , Arima Hisatomi , Satoh Atsushi , Okuda Nagako , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Nishi Nobuo , Higashiyama Aya , Suzuki Harumitsu , Kadota Aya , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Ueshima Hirotsugu , Miura Katsuyuki , Okayama Akira ,   for the NIPPON DATA2010 Research Group
Published: March 2023

Stay-at-home strategies taken during the COVID-19 pandemic changed our lifestyle drastically. Although marital status and household size are important social determinants of health that affect lifestyle, their impacts on lifestyle during the pandemic are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between marital status, household size, and lifestyle changes during the first pandemic in Japan. Questionnaire surveys on lifestyle changes from before to during the first COVID-19 pandemic were conducted on October 2020 in Japan. Classified into age groups, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the combined association of marital status and household size on lifestyle, adjusted for potential confounders including socioeconomic factors. In our prospective cohort study, 1928 participants were included. Among older participants, the singles living alone were likely to perceive more unhealthy lifestyle changes (45.8%), compared with the married (33.2%), and significantly associated with at least one unhealthy change [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,18–2.78], mainly due to decreased physical activity and increased alcohol consumption. Meanwhile, the younger participants showed no significant association between marital status, household size, and unhealthy changes, while those living alone had 2.87 times higher odds of weight gain (≥ 3 kg) than the married (adjusted OR: 2.87, 95% CI: 0.96–8.54) during the pandemic. Our findings suggest that older singles living alone are potentially vulnerable subgroups to drastic social changes which warrant special attention to prevent adverse health outcomes and additional burden on health systems in the following future.
Synchronization of kinetic and kinematic hand tasks with electrocorticography and cortical stimulation during awake craniotomies
Authors: Taquet Léon , Conway Brian J. , Boerger Timothy F. , Young Sarah C. , Schwartz Stephanie , Schmit Brian D. , Krucoff Max O.
Published: March 2023

Awake craniotomies provide unique and invaluable scientific opportunities for neurophysiological experimentation in consenting human subjects. While such experimentation carries a long history, rigorous reporting of methodologies focusing on synchronizing data across multiple platforms is not universally reported and often not translatable to across operating rooms, facilities, or behavioral tasks. Therefore, here we detail an intraoperative data synchronization methodology designed to work across multiple commercially available platforms to collect behavioral and surgical field videos, electrocorticography, brain stimulation timing, continuous finger joint angles, and continuous finger force production. Our technique was developed to be nonobstructive to operating room (OR) staff and generalizable to a variety of hand-based tasks. We hope that the detailed reporting of our methods will support the scientific rigor and reproducibility of future studies, as well as aid other groups interested in performing related experiments.
Impact of acute TTE-evidenced cardiac dysfunction on in-hospital and outpatient mortality: A multicenter NYC COVID-19 registry study
Authors: Homan Edwin A. , Devereux Richard B. , Tak Katherine A. , Mitlak Hannah W. , Volodarskiy Alexander , Ramasubbu Kumudha , Zhang David T. , Kushman Arielle , Pollie Meridith P. , Agoglia Hannah K. , Tafreshi Romina , Goyal Parag , Shaw Leslee , Ndhlovu Lishomwa , RoyChoudhury Arindam , Horn Evelyn , Narula Nupoor , Safford Monika M. , Weinsaft Jonathan W. , Kim Jiwon
Published: March 2023

Background

COVID-19 is associated with cardiac dysfunction. This study tested the relative prognostic role of left (LV), right and bi- (BiV) ventricular dysfunction on mortality in a large multicenter cohort of patients during and after acute COVID-19 hospitalization.

Methods/Results

All hospitalized COVID-19 patients who underwent clinically indicated transthoracic echocardiography within 30 days of admission at four NYC hospitals between March 2020 and January 2021 were studied. Images were re-analyzed by a central core lab blinded to clinical data. Nine hundred patients were studied (28% Hispanic, 16% African-American), and LV, RV and BiV dysfunction were observed in 50%, 38% and 17%, respectively. Within the overall cohort, 194 patients had TTEs prior to COVID-19 diagnosis, among whom LV, RV, BiV dysfunction prevalence increased following acute infection (p<0.001). Cardiac dysfunction was linked to biomarker-evidenced myocardial injury, with higher prevalence of troponin elevation in patients with LV (14%), RV (16%) and BiV (21%) dysfunction compared to those with normal BiV function (8%, all p<0.05). During in- and out-patient follow-up, 290 patients died (32%), among whom 230 died in the hospital and 60 post-discharge. Unadjusted mortality risk was greatest among patients with BiV (41%), followed by RV (39%) and LV dysfunction (37%), compared to patients without dysfunction (27%, all p<0.01). In multivariable analysis, any RV dysfunction, but not LV dysfunction, was independently associated with increased mortality risk (p<0.01).

Conclusions

LV, RV and BiV function declines during acute COVID-19 infection with each contributing to increased in- and out-patient mortality risk. RV dysfunction independently increases mortality risk.
Antecedentes do uso de mídias sociais e seus efeitos na resiliência e inovação de startups
Authors: Giordani Mikaéli da Silva , Schlup Daiani , Beuren Ilse Maria
Published: March 2023

Objetivo do estudo: Examinar quais fatores antecedentes favoreceram o uso de mídias sociais e que, substanciados na resiliência organizacional, suscitaram inovações em startups em tempos de pandemia. Metodologia/abordagem: Uma survey foi realizada em startups localizadas nas regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, listadas na StartupBase, e obteve retorno de 119 questionários respondidos pelos gestores. Para análise das hipóteses, utilizou-se a modelagem de equações estruturais. Principais resultados: O ambiente, mensurado pela pressão externa, e a organização, mensurada pelas dimensões de prontidão interna e benefícios estratégicos, figuram como antecedentes do uso de mídias sociais. O uso das mídias sociais tem efeito direto e positivo na resiliência organizacional e, mediado pela resiliência organizacional, tem efeito positivo na inovação. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Amplia-se a literatura ao analisar antecedentes e consequências do uso de mídias sociais, particularmente relacionado à capacidade de resiliência organizacional e promoção da inovação. Relevância/originalidade: Evidências empíricas indicam que as mídias sociais podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento da resiliência nas startups e, consequentemente, promover a inovação em tempos de pandemia. Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: O enfoque nas mídias sociais revelou que estas podem gerar benefícios em períodos de restrições, já que o uso das mídias sociais substanciadas na resiliência organizacional possibilita a interação e criação de valor.
Traduções em CIStema
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys
Published: March 2023

O século XXI tem cada vez mais traduzido textos sobre transexualidade na contemporaneidade. Entretanto, ainda carece de reflexões a circulação desses textos – desde seu histórico às razões para tal processo de difusão dessas obras. Neste estudo, busca-se relacionar a questão dos textos trans com a tradução e compreender como a operação tradutória pode ser concebida enquanto uma política de transidentidades. Para isso, apoia-se esta reflexão na análise da publicação das traduções trans no Brasil e na temporalidade em que elas se desenvolvem. Ademais, formulam-se alguns conceitos, bem como uma pequena linha do tempo tradutória nacional, e investigam-se os saberes trans em tradução – motivos, causas, consequências e metáfora.
Cinismo e XXY
Authors: Corrêa Martins Machado Rodrigo , Ribeiro Passos João Gabriel
Published: March 2023

Este artigo propõe-se a analisar, comparativamente, o filme XXY, de Lucía Puenzo, e o conto Cinismo, de Sergio Bizzio, fonte de inspiração para o filme, a fim de entender como são dadas as relações e percepções de gênero, especialmente no que tange a intersexualidade, em ambas as obras. Visa-se ainda compreender os debates suscitados e as especificidades da construção e abordagem do corpo intersexual em ambas as mídias. Pretende-se com esse estudo contribuir para o avanço do debate de gênero na esfera artístico-cultural, para o entendimento das relações sociais que se edificam diante da intersexualidade e para a compreensão dos processos de adaptabilidade de uma arte para outra.
Do Risk-Taking and Shariah Governance Have a Relationship with Maqasid Shariah-Based Performance?
Authors: Prasojo Prasojo , Yadiati Winwin , Fitrijanti Tettet , Sueb Memed
Published: March 2023

This According study examines the characteristics of the shariah supervisory board (SSB), risk-taking and Islamic bank (IB) performance. The maqasid shariah index determines the performance of an IB, and the performance assessment is more comprehensive. This research data analysis uses the dynamic panel regression estimation technique with the generalised two-step moment method to predict the relationship between shariah governance, risk-taking and performance. This study uses IBs financial data from around the world for 2014–2018, which comes from the bank scope database. The empirical results found that risk-taking has positive significance to maqasid shariah, while SSB size, expertise and cross membership have a significant negative relationship to performance. Other variables, such as leverage, are proven to have negative significance to maqasid shariah. The originality of this research is linking maqasid shariah with risk-taking and governance, expanding the sample to include many countries, and robustness checking based on Gulf Cooperation Council and non-GCC member states. The research has implications for stakeholder theory because IBs can accommodate various stakeholder interests. Governance across countries is not uniform, so it is challenging to link specifically to performance.
Estudo comparativo entre a aplicação da média móvel e carta de controle da média móvel exponencialmente ponderada para monitoramento de pandemias
Authors: Camargo Beatriz Bana de , Silva Rangel Pereira da , Paiva Emerson José de , Brito Tarcísio Gonçalves de
Published: March 2023

Com a Pandemia Mundial, decretada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, em março de 2020, esforços econômicos e sanitários foram dispendidos para um eficiente controle da Covid-19. A partir do registro do primeiro caso, seu monitoramento passou a ser obrigação das Secretarias de Saúde. Não obstante, os veículos de comunicação, no intuito de prestar informações de qualidade acerca da situação sanitária, passou a divulgar dados a partir do cálculo da Média Móvel. Sabe-se que se trata de um índice estatístico eficiente, porém questionável quanto à sua aplicação nesse tipo de monitoramento. Assim, tentando identificar uma ferramenta que apresentasse um nível de acurácia superior, realizou-se um estudo comparativo entre a Média Móvel e a Carta de Controle da Média Móvel Exponencialmente Ponderada, ferramenta da qualidade capaz de detectar pequenos desvios da média ou da variância dos processos. Buscou-se fornecer subsídios às autoridades de saúde, aos meios de comunicação e à população, por meio de um retrato da eficiência científica dessas ferramentas, propiciando uma metodologia adequada aplicada a eventos de pandemia. Como resultado, percebeu-se a eficiência de ambas as ferramentas para o monitoramento epidemiológico. Além disso, a Carta MMEP se mostrou mais ágil tendo em vista sua robustez estatística.
SINKRONISASI PERATURAN BERPAKAIAN MUSLIM DI SEKOLAH DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945
Authors: Sitabuana Tundjung Herning , Ruchimat Tatang , Sanjaya Dixon
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan tanpa diskriminasi merupakan tujuan bernegara dalam UUD 1945 untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa yang berakhlak mulia, menjunjung nilai agama dan kebudayaan lokal. Internalisasi nilai tersebut dilakukan Pemerintah Kota Padang melalui Instruksi Walikota Padang Nomor 451.442/Binsos-III/2005 mengenai penggunaan pakaian muslim bagi siswi di sekolah. Aturan tersebut dinilai bermasalah dari segi kewenangan membentuk hukum dan substansi yang diskriminatif karena diwajibkan kepada siswi non-Muslim. Sehingga perlu diteliti kewenangan dan pengaturan pakaian seragam sekolah terkait penerbitan aturan tersebut. Penelitian doktrinal (normatif) dilakukan dengan sinkronisasi hukum secara vertikal. Hasilnya menunjukkan Instruksi Walikota Padang telah sinkron dengan Pancasila, UUD 1945, dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Tidak terdapat pertentangan dalam kewenangan ataupun perumusan norma. Permasalahan diskriminasi terjadi dalam implementasi oleh sekolah karena menyalahartikan kata “menyesuaikan” (anjuran) menjadi “kewajiban” berpakaian muslim termasuk bagi siswi non-Muslim.
Michelle Ann Abate, No Kids Allowed: Children’s Literature for Adults
Authors: Jönsson Maria
Published: March 2023

Review/Recension