bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Locus Genome Wide Association Study Uncovers Genetics of Fresh Seed Dormancy in Groundnut
Authors: Bomireddy Deekshitha , Sharma Vinay , Gangurde Sunil S. , D. Khaja Mohinuddin , Kumar Rakesh , Senthil Ramachandran , Singh Kuldeep , Reddisekhar Mangala , Bera Sandip K. , Pandey Manish K.
Published: October 2024

Pre-harvest sprouting in groundnut leads to substantial yield losses and reduced seed quality, resulting in reduced market value of groundnuts. Breeding cultivars with 14–21 days of fresh seed dormancy (FSD) holds promise for precisely mitigating the yield and quality deterioration. In view of this, six multi-locus genome-wide association study (ML-GWAS) models alongside a single-locus GWAS (SL-GWAS) model were employed on a groundnut mini-core collection using multi season phenotyping and 58K “Axiom_Arachis” array genotyping data. A total of 9 significant SNP-trait associations (STAs) for FSD were detected on A01, A04, A08, A09, B02, B04, B05, B07 and B09 chromosomes using six ML-GWAS models. Additionally, the SL-GWAS model identified 38 MTAs across 14 chromosomes of groundnut. Remarkably, a single STA on chromosome B02 (qFSD-B02-1) was consistently identified in both ML-GWAS and SL-GWAS models. Furthermore, candidate gene mining identified nine high confidence genes viz., Cytochrome P450 705A, Dormancy/auxin associated family protein, WRKY family transcription factor, Protein kinase superfamily protein, serine/threonine protein phosphatase, myb transcription factor, transcriptional regulator STERILE APETALA-like, ethylene-responsive transcription factor 7-like and F-box protein interaction domain protein as prime regulators involved in Abscisic acid/Gibberellic acid signaling pathways regulating dormancy/germination. In addition, three of the allele-specific markers developed from the identified STAs were validated across a diverse panel. These markers hold potential for enhancing dormancy in groundnut through marker-assisted selection. Thus, this research offers insights into genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying groundnut seed dormancy in addition to providing markers and donors for breeding future varieties with 2–3 weeks of FSD.
Natural resource rents and sustainable development in MENA Economies: An empirical study
Authors: Abdulraqeb Omar Ahmed , Erbao Cao , Aloqab Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Climate change and its effects around the globe are demanding sustainable development, which encompasses socio-economic development along with taking into account the environmental aspect. The Middle East and North African economies (MENA) possess substantial reserves of natural resources. These natural resources played an important role in the development of this region, and studies are scarce in this regard for this region. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of natural resource rents on sustainable development in MENA. This study used the Sustainable Development Index, which incorporates socio-economic and environmental aspects. Thus, this study is different from other studies in this regard in the MENA region. Additionally, this study also considered other vital factors of sustainable development highlighted in the literature. These factors are renewable energy (REC), non-renewable energy (NREC), and trade openness (TRADE). This is a panel study; thus, a cross-sectional dependence test is carried out, which indicates that second-generation unit root tests have to be used for unit root problems. Likewise, the Westerlund cointegration test is used for examining panel cointegration between variables. Panel autoregressive distributed lagged (PARDL) technique is carried out for long- and short-run effects of explanatory variables on sustainable development. The results indicate that natural resource rents (TNR) have a negative impact on sustainable development, while REC, NREC, and TRADE positively influence sustainable development in the long run.
Analysis of Reattachment Streaks in Hypersonic Shockwave-Boundary Layer Interactions with Upstream Roughness
Authors: Webber Nicholas , Gragston Mark , Ibanez Oscar , Bowersox Rodney D.W.
Published: October 2024

A blunt-nosed ogive-cylinder-flare model was tested in Mach 6 flow at Texas A&M University’s ACE blowdown tunnel with swept Reynolds number and angle-of-attack (AoA). IR thermography and schlieren imaging on the windward side were taken concurrently to determine surface heating distribution and flow structure around the shear layer reattachment onto the flare. The resulting schlieren imaging data showed flow structure having a predominately linear dependence on Re/x for 0◦ AoA and 2◦ AoA and being independent of Re/x for 4◦ AoAand 6◦ AoA. The spanwise periodicity of surface heating streaks associated with surface vortices ranged between 10◦ and 30◦. Bifurcation of the spanwise streaks was observed for nonzero AoA and the coalescing of the bifurcated streaks was observed downstream. At 0◦ and 2◦ AoA, the length and movement of the span-wise streaks are more strongly affected by the changing freestream Re/x than at 4◦ AoA and 6◦ AoA. Additionally, spanwise peak-to-trough surface streak St values varied significantly, with maximum ∆St of 3.3 × 10-3, 6.9 × 10-3,8.7×10-3, and 8.2×10-3 for the 0◦ through 6◦ AoA case respectively, neglecting tunnel startup. Convergence of peak St values is seen beyond Re/x = 5 × 106m-1. A novel correlation is proposed relating freestream and flow conditions with surface heating distribution.
GANFIS: The Ensemble model for Affective Classification
Authors: Kumar Dheeraj , Pandey Subhash Chandra
Published: October 2024

Emotions are a crucial aspect of daily life and play vital roles in human interactions as well as in different other domains such as entertainment, healthcare etc. Perhaps, the use of physiological signals can increase the clarity, objectivity, and reliability of communicating emotions. Therefore, because of these reasons researchers have substantially implemented the idea of using physiological signals to recognize the emotions in recent past. Further, electroencephalography (EEG) is the most popular means of recording brain activity and owing to its diversified applications in variety of domains EEG signals have been widely used to recognize the emotions nowadays. Moreover, EEG signals based emotion recognition techniques are non-invasive in nature and also provides high temporal resolution. However, several crucial attempts have been made by the researchers to recognize the emotions using EEG signals. But, there is still a need for an accurate and effective technique for emotion classification based on EEG signals and undoubtedly, developing a pragmatic and effective algorithm in the pursuit of emotion recognition is a challenging task. This paper proposes an innovative Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based hybrid model i.e., 'GANFIS' for EEG signals based emotion recognition. The proposed hybrid model renders a layered structure. The first layer of the model consists of \(\:N\) GANs systems in parallel and further the second layer consists of \(\:N\) ANFIS in parallel where \(\:N\) is equal to the types of emotions to be recognized. The objective of designing of this hybrid model is to enhance the recognition accuracy of the emotions consisting of three and four classes. Perhaps, this is an arduous task for the existing state-of-art techniques. In this proposed hybrid model, the most appropriate distribution for classification are inputted to the first layer i.e., to the GAN structures and subsequently the first layer outputs the extracted features. These extracted features possess the succinct characteristics to recognize the emotions. Further, these extracted features are given as input to the second layer i.e., ANFIS for training. Further, the outputs of the second layer are integrated and thus create the feature vector. These feature vectors are given as input to the third layer that is the adaptive layer. Each layer is properly trained. Furthermore, the third layer outputs the classes of emotions. In addition, the performance of proposed hybrid model is tested and validated on two benchmark datasets. These are: the Feeling Emotion dataset and DEAP dataset. The recognition accuracies obtained from the proposed hybrid model for these datasets are 74.69% and 96.63% respectively. The obtained emotions recognition accuracies superior to accuracies obtained from other state-of-art techniques.
A comparative investigation of changes in the refractive status of children pre- and post-Covid-19 outbreak
Authors: Li Jingjie , Zhang Xiaorui , Chen Ziyi , Xu Chaoyu , Ruan Zengliang , Li Ying
Published: October 2024

Background
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, heightened reliance on electronic devices and reduced engagement in outdoor activities among students have contributed to a surge in both the frequency and intensity of myopia. This study aimed to examine changes in students’ refraction status pre- and post-COVID-19 at a school located in Xuzhou, China.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate changes in spherical equivalent (SE), astigmatism, and myopia incidence among adolescents aged 5 to 17 years from a school in Tongshan District, Xuzhou City. Vision screenings were carried out for three consecutive years before the COVID-19 outbreak (December 2018 and 2019) and after the outbreak (December 2020). T-tests and analysis of variance were employed to assess alterations in SE and astigmatism pre- versus post-outbreak. Furthermore, comparisons were made between gender and the prevalence of myopia, as well as incidence rates before versus after the epidemic.
Results
The study unveiled an elevation in spherical equivalent (SE) values among children aged 5 to 8 years and those aged 13 to 17 years subsequent to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, while SE remained constant among children aged 9 to 12 years. There was a marked increase in astigmatism severity during the pandemic period compared with pre-pandemic levels. Furthermore, there was a substantial surge in myopia incidence rates during COVID-19 within two age brackets (5–8 years old; 13–17 years old) when contrasted with pre-outbreak rates. The development and progression of myopia were determined to be independent of gender.
Conclusions
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the combination of home isolation measures and online classes has led to an accelerated increase in myopia and astigmatism among adolescents and children, particularly evident within the 5 to 8 age group. This issue demands attention and calls for the implementation of measures to protect visual health among young children.
Single Image Highlight Removal via Innovative Pseudo Image Bases Fusion with a Dual-Network
Authors: PANG Xufang , CHEN Xiansheng , YANG Chao , ZHENG Zhenliang , LIU Shengbo , ZHOU Hongjun , XIA Xuan , JIANG Bo , DING Ning , ZHONG Xiaoping
Published: October 2024

Specular highlights in images can damage or completely obliterate the color and texture details of objects, posing significant challenges to various visual tasks. Traditional highlight removal methods often struggle with handling specular highlights on surfaces with complex textures or rely on stringent and complicated shooting conditions. On the other hand, deep learning-based methods excel at highlight removal on single images with intricate surfaces due to their robust encoding capabilities. However, these methods still face issues with texture distortion in highlight regions. In this paper, we propose a novel method for highlight removal inspired by the observation that specular highlights typically result in increased brightness and decreased saturation. Our method relies on generating pseudo-SV (saturation-value) modulated image bases, effectively constructing a discrete color space that closely approximates the brightness, saturation, and hues of highlight-free pixels. We employ a dual-network architecture, jointly training a highlight detection sub-network and a highlight removal sub-network. By leveraging the generated image bases and highlight positional priors from the highlight detection network, our method enables the highlight removal network to learn the nuances of texture alterations across different highlight levels, thereby producing high-quality highlight-free images via a weighted fusion process. Our experiments demonstrate that our approach effectively restores texture and color details in highlighted regions, significantly outperforming existing methods, as evidenced by superior PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) and SSIM (Structural Similarity Index) scores. To encourage future research and collaboration, we have made our source code publicly available at https://github.com/XufangPANG/Highlight-Removal-based-on-Pesudo-image-bases-fusion.
Reduced-order adaptive synchronization in a chaotic neural network with parameter mismatch: A dynamical system vs. machine learning approach
Authors: Kobiolka Jan , Habermann Jens , Yamakou Marius E.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we address the reduced-order synchronization problem between two chaotic memristive Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) neurons of different orders using two distinct methods. The first method employs the Lyapunov active control technique. Through this technique, we develop appropriate control functions to synchronize a 4D chaotic HR neuron (response system) with the canonical projection of a 5D chaotic HR neuron (drive system). Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The second method is data-driven and leverages a machine learning-based control technique. Our technique utilizes an \textit{ad hoc} combination of reservoir computing (RC) algorithms, incorporating reservoir observer (RO), online control (OC), and online predictive control (OPC) algorithms. We anticipate our effective heuristic RC adaptive control algorithm to guide the development of more formally structured and systematic, data-driven RC control approaches to chaotic synchronization problems, and to inspire more data-driven neuromorphic methods for controlling and achieving synchronization in chaotic neural networks \textit{in vivo}.
Assessing complex protein-solvent interactions using environment-controlled crack-growth experiments
Authors: Baumberger Tristan , Ronsin Olivier
Published: October 2024

The modulation of protein functionality, i.e. their ability to fold/unfold, by adding low molecular weight substances to the “natural” solvent water is an important issue in biochemistry. Taking advantage of the unique ability of gelatin to self assemble into elastic networks via partial renaturation of the native collagen protein, we propose to recast the issue into a fracture mechanics one. We describe a method to decipher the effect of alcohols as cosolvents on gelatin networks from the shift of fracture energy in response to an environmental shock. After suitable subtraction of the viscous dissipation we are able characterize the solvent/network interaction by the relative shift of the free energy characteristic of the crosslinked→dismanteled transition of the network associated to its fracture. Using two alcohols, methanol and glycerol, we show that our method is able to accounts for their known contrasting effects on proteins. We briefly discuss the nature of the energy of interaction. In addition we unveil an open issue regarding the origin and consequence of the poroelastic solvent flow associated to crack propagation in hydrogels.
Diagnostic Performance of CMR Parametric Mapping as per Modified Lake Louise Criteria in Acute Myocarditis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Giri Latika , Singh Roshan , Marey Ahmed , Li Yupeng , Venkatesh Bharath , Abdulla Jawdat , Zimmerman Stefan , Umair Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Background
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR) mapping parameters—Native T1, T2 mapping, and Extracellular Volume (ECV)—are pivotal for diagnosing acute myocarditis according to the modified 2018 Lake Louise Criteria (mLLC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate their diagnostic performance and establish optimal thresholds for acute myocarditis diagnosis.
Methods
We systematically reviewed articles published in the past decade that utilized parametric mapping techniques for myocarditis diagnosis. Data on sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under Curve (AUC) were included, and quality assessment was conducted using the QUADAS-2 tool by two independent reviewers.
Results
Eleven studies involving 677 patients were included. Native T1 showed sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 86%, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 39, and an AUC of 0.91. T2 mapping had sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 86%, DOR of 25, and an AUC of 0.89. ECV demonstrated sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 81%, DOR of 13, and an AUC of 0.83. Mean values in controls for myocarditis were: Native T1 (1039 ms ± 39.23), T2 mapping (57 ms ± 5.18), ECV (31% ± 5.60). The optimal thresholds were 1021 ms for Native T1, 54 ms for T2 mapping, and 28% for ECV generated through Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Native T1 exhibited the highest accuracy among the parameters assessed. Subgroup analysis indicated no significant sensitivity differences based on biopsy or clinical criteria, while Native T1 specificity varied significantly.
Conclusions
Parametric mapping, particularly Native T1, demonstrates robust diagnostic performance for myocarditis compared to T2 mapping and ECV within the mLLC framework. Integrating these CMR parameters could enhance diagnostic accuracy. Further research is essential to refine these findings and optimize diagnostic strategies for myocarditis.
Fermentation and the Production of Ethanol From Sweet Potatoes
Authors: Amire Peace Jimoh  and O.A.
Published: October 2024

Bioethanol, an alcohol produced by fermentation of plants/plant biomass (containing starch and sugars broken down by microorganisms), is regarded as a dominant form of fuel for the future. Fermentation is a metabolic process in which sugar is microbially degraded, resulting in the conversion of sugar to acids, gases, and alcohol. Sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas) were used to produce ethanol in this study. The production of this renewable fuel, particularly from starchy materials such as sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas), has a significant potential to meet future energy demand. The sweet potatoes were washed, peeled, cut, weighed, and cooked alongside the mash dilution. The fermentation process lasted for four days and included steeping the mash in distilled water. This analysis was carried out with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Distillation was used to recover the product. The presence of (OH-) was confirmed by IR analysis. The ethanol produced in this study was titrated, and the concentration was determined to be 16.337M, with a percentage yield of 75.60 percent.
Pulmonary Insulin Resistance – The Lung as a Metabolic Organ: Investigating the Correlation between Insulin Resistance and Sleep Apnea
Authors: Andrade Luís Jesuino de Oliveira , de Oliveira Gabriela Correia Matos , Bittencourt Alcina Maria Vinhaes , Baptista Gustavo Magno , de Oliveira Luís Matos
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and sleep apnea has been increasingly investigated. This study aimed to examine the correlation between IR and the severity of sleep apnea, as well as the potential impact of IR on pulmonary function.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 72 individuals diagnosed with sleep apnea. Demographic data, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and glycated hemoglobin were collected. IR was assessed using the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index). Polysomnography and spirometry were performed. Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate the association between IR, sleep apnea severity, and pulmonary function.
Results: The study population consisted of 37 females and 35 males with a mean age of 45.31 years. IR was present in 66% of participants. The mean Epworth sleepiness score was 8.89 ± 4.54. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) revealed 19.40% normal, 30.60% mild, 27.80% moderate, and 22.20% severe. A significant association was found between IR and both Epworth score (PR 60.50%, OR 1.243, P = 0.0001) and AHI (PR 65.50%, OR 4.750, P = 0.014). However, no significant association was observed between IR and mild AHI.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant association between IR and the severity of sleep apnea, particularly moderate and severe AHI. These results underscore the importance of considering IR as a potential risk factor for sleep apnea and suggest the possibility of pulmonary IR in situ.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF MARKETING AUTOMATION ADOPTION
Authors: Gaurav Gupta  , Shashank Goel
Published: October 2024

Marketing automation adoption refers to the process of implementing and using marketing automation technology to streamline, automate, and measure marketing tasks and workflows. It involves using software and tools to automate repetitive tasks, such as email marketing, lead generation, and social media management, to improve efficiency, productivity, and customer engagement.
Marketing automation adoption can bring numerous benefits, including increased efficiency, improved lead management, and enhanced personalization. However, it also presents challenges like initial investment, complexity, and data quality issues. To succeed, businesses must strike a balance between automation and human interaction, maintain high data quality, and continuously train teams on automation tools.
Here are some common marketing automation adoption challenges:

Data quality issues: Poor data quality can hinder automation effectiveness.
Integration challenges: Integrating automation platforms with existing systems and data.
Over-automation: Over-reliance on automation, leading to impersonal customer experiences.
Security concerns: Ensuring the security of customer data and protecting against cyber threats.
Change management: Managing the transition to automation and training teams.
Lack of clear goals and objectives: Unclear or undefined automation goals.
Insufficient resources: Inadequate budget, time, or personnel to support automation.
Complexity: Managing complex automation workflows and technologies.
Measuring ROI: Difficulty in measuring the return on investment (ROI) of automation.
Vendor selection: Choosing the right marketing automation vendor.
Scalability: Ensuring automation platforms can scale with business growth.
Data privacy: Ensuring compliance with data privacy regulations.
User adoption: Encouraging teams to adopt and use automation platforms.
Content quality: Ensuring high-quality content to support automation efforts.
Continuous optimization: Regularly reviewing and refining automation workflows.

Marketing automation adoption has increased in recent years. According to various studies and reports, the adoption of marketing automation technology has grown significantly across industries and companies of all sizes. Marketing automation adoption is on the rise, and we can expect even more widespread adoption in the future.
ECHOES OF TRADITION: FOLKLORE IN MAMANG DAI'S 'THE LEGENDS OF PENSAM
Authors: Dr. Dhruti Raval
Published: October 2024

The North-east region is full of picturesque landscape depicting the rich culture and indigenous folklore. The region has created literature which embraces the beauty and rich literary tradition.  North-east Indian literature is an amalgamation of unique culture and traditions of the eight states namely- Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim. Mamang Dai’s Legends of Pensam is a rich tapestry of narratives that intertwine folkloristic elements with contemporary storytelling. This research article delves into the folkloristic traditions embedded within Dai’s work, examining how these traditions contribute to the narrative structure, thematic depth, and cultural resonance of the text. Through a close analysis of key folkloristic motifs, narrative techniques, and thematic explorations, this article aims to elucidate the ways in which Dai employs folklore to construct a vibrant literary world that resonates with readers.
DYNAMIC TRENDS IN LIVESTOCK, POULTRY, AND FISHERY INDUSTRIES IN JHARKHAND : FUTURE SCOPE FOR EMPLOYMENT, INCOME AND FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Dr. Ifsha Khurshid
Published: October 2024

The state of Jharkhand serves as a prime example of the intricate interaction between geographical, demographic, and economic elements within the Indian subcontinent. Its agriculture, forestry, fishing, and livestock sectors play a crucial role in the state's economy, generating employment opportunities, particularly in rural areas, and contributing to poverty alleviation and economic diversification. Collectively, these sectors shape Jharkhand's GDP, fostering a path of balanced and sustainable economic development. They also provide essential raw materials for industries, ensure food security, and promote environmental conservation. Additionally, livestock and fisheries contribute to foreign exchange earnings, enhancing the state's economic resilience. This article highlights the changing dynamic trends of allied activities of agriculture like livestock, poultry and fishery in Jharkhand that not only diversify the agriculture income but also open new avenues of food and employment security along with propagating sustainable economic development in the state.
ASSESSING PROFITABILITY TRENDS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEADING SUGAR FIRMS IN INDIA
Authors: Ribadiya Chirag Valajibhai  , Dr. Yogesh Desai
Published: October 2024

The sugar industry plays a crucial role in the Indian economy, impacting multiple sectors and contributing significantly to the nation’s socio-economic fabric. This research, titled "A Profitability Analysis of Leading Sugar Firms in India," focuses on evaluating the financial performance of three major sugar companies over a five-year period, from 2018-19 to 2022-23. The primary objectives of this study are twofold: first, to assess the profitability indicators of the chosen sugar firms, and second, to compare these profitability metrics across the selected companies. The study examines a representative sample of leading firms in the Indian sugar industry: EID Parry (India) Ltd, Shree Renuka Sugars Ltd, and Balrampur Chini Mills Ltd. These companies are chosen to reflect a broad spectrum of the industry. By analysing critical financial metrics such as the PBDIT (Profit Before Depreciation, Interest, and Taxes) margin, Net Profit Margin (%), and Return on Assets (%), the research seeks to offer a comprehensive view of each firm's financial health, operational efficiency, and market competitiveness. The insights gained from this analysis are intended to benefit various stakeholders, including policymakers, investors, and industry leaders. Understanding the financial performance and strategic positioning of these leading sugar firms can aid in informed decision-making, strategic planning, and policy formulation within the sugar sector. This study aims to shed light on how these key players contribute to the Indian economy and help drive better financial and strategic decisions in the industry.
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON STARTUP GROWTH: PERCEPTION OF AHMEDABAD ENTREPRENEURS
Authors: Sachin Atmaram Dhedia  , Dr. Banibrat Sarkhel
Published: October 2024

India's startup ecosystem has rapidly evolved, becoming a global hub of innovation and entrepreneurship. Employee engagement practices are pivotal for startups in this competitive landscape. Engaged employees are more productive, innovative, and committed, contributing significantly to the startup's success. Effective engagement strategies, including clear communication, recognition, professional development, and a positive work environment, are essential for fostering a motivated and high-performing workforce. This study examines the role of employee engagement practices in driving the growth of startups, focusing on the perceptions of 100 startup owners in Ahmedabad city. The research aims to analyze how startup owners perceive the impact of employee engagement on productivity, innovation, and overall success. Additionally, it explores the relationship between the demographic profiles of startup owners and their views on employee engagement. Findings indicate a strong belief among startup owners that high employee engagement significantly enhances productivity, fosters innovation, and positively influences startup growth. The study also reveals that demographic factors, such as age and experience, shape these perceptions. These insights underscore the necessity for startups to prioritize robust employee engagement strategies to achieve sustained growth and competitive advantage.
A STUDY ON THE MENACE OF DRUG ABUSE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN KOTTAKAL MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Sampreeth T M
Published: October 2024

Adolescent drug abuse is a significant societal issue, influenced by peer pressure, curiosity, and stress, and is particularly prevalent among youth aged 16 to 25. This demographic is experimenting with a range of substances, from cigarettes and alcohol to harder drugs like cocaine and heroin, posing a threat to their health and future. Understanding the patterns, motivations, and consequences of drug use among adolescents is crucial for developing effective prevention and intervention strategies, as this stage of rapid development makes them especially vulnerable to substance abuse.
TIME TO CHANGE THE OUTLOOK OF ICDS SCHEME (AWCS): COMPREHENSIVE FACTS
Authors: Chesfeeda Akhter  , Gulshan Wani
Published: October 2024

India is one of the countries with malnutrition and associated health problems. It is also the country with high-level of regional disparity, social hierarchy and inclusive society and is recounted with highest mortality of children of less than 5 years of age with nearly 74 deaths per 1000 live births. As per the reports the hunger and malnutrition among children prevails in large pockets in India. Perusal of literature depicts that 38% of children younger than five years of age in India are stunted. The problem of undernourishment costs India at least $10 billion annually in terms of loss of productivity, illness and death and improvement in human development. ICDS represents the notable symbols of commitment and retort to the above mentioned challenges by providing pre-school education on one hand and simultaneously breaks the nasty cycle of starvation, morbidity, abridged learning capacity and mortality. ICDS hence is believed to be the most imperative and focal progamme with positive role in tackling India’s health and nutrition problems. All the blocks of Jammu and Kashmir are also covered under the Integrated Child Development Services Scheme.  The programme is implemented through a network of community-level “Anganwadi Centers”. Despite huge allocations by the Central Government through Centrally Sponsored Programme of ICDS in India (especially in rural areas of the state), and under the flagship of this scheme in Jammu and Kashmir, still the growth in basic infrastructure and perfections in amenities/facilities remained unsatisfactory. The National Educational Policy 2020 guarantee to meet UN Sustainable Development Goal Target 4.2 by 2030 and ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality pre-primary education provide opportunities to safeguard impartial access to quality pre-school education.  The main theme of this review is to attract the attention with the fact that there must be emphasis more on the significance of the scheme at various platforms. It is the time to evaluate the actual position of the scheme with respect to its execution at the ground level with specified objectives. Also our focus here is to inform concerned Govt. authorities that new insights and tactics cum methodologies need to be developed with respect to inclusive facts to broaden its implementation along with remedial steps to remove the imperfection.
MANTO'S PARTITION: UNVEILING THE VEILED TRUTHS
Authors: Hajra Virk
Published: October 2024

The paper aims to explore the significance of Saadat Hasan Manto’s writings in navigating the themes of identity, loss, and human resilience in the socio-political context of partition-era India, providing insights into the broader implications of Manto's narratives on postcolonial literature and historical discourse. Through a thematic and stylistic analysis, the paper highlights how Manto’s “Toba Tek Singh” and “Khol Do” serve as stark reminders of the British colonial rule in India and the grievances of those who lived during this era.
PURPOSE OF VISIT AND SATISFACTION OF BRANDED APPAREL IN SELECTED RETAIL STORES AT COIMBATORE CITY
Authors: Dr. E. Muthukumar  , Dr. P. Krishnakumar
Published: October 2024

Todays’ trend in shopping people has an attitude to spend time in organized shopping malls and retail stores. To hang on the customer inside a malls and growing organized retail outlet measuring customer satisfaction in such stores is very important. This study focuses on profiling retail customers and measuring their level of satisfaction in the selected stores in the Coimbatore city. Primary data has been collected using structured questionnaire. It has been found that visiting retail outlets have become a group activity. Word of mouth by friends, family, colleagues and Advertisement, influences majority of customer. Majority of respondents came for shopping inside store, rest came for hang out, enjoy crowd, meeting friends and getting refreshed. Femina Retail outlet was found to have higher level of satisfaction followed by Lifestyle, Pantaloons and Westside.
INTERNATIONAL PROMOTE MANAGEMENT WITH BUSINESS GROUND WORK – AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Dr. Ravindra Baghel  , Dr. Dilip Kumar Ghritlahare
Published: October 2024

In the process of devising global marketing programmers, corporate management requires informational basis, i.e. appropriate marketing studies covering specific issues and opportunities in global operations. Overviews of market conditions and relationships, global product market acceptance tests, regional performance maps, efficiency assessment of individual global marketing mix instruments etc. greatly facilitate devising appropriate global marketing programmers.
MATHEMATICS ANXIETY AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KOHIMA TOWN, NAGALAND
Authors: Mr. Tepusa Kiso
Published: October 2024

Every learner needs the basic knowledge of Mathematics to live a fulfilling and contented life. Due to its wide applicability in one’s daily life and in varied fields of knowledge, Mathematics is considered as one of the major and compulsory subject in the school curriculum. Despite, Mathematics being a significant subject in the school curriculum, it is considered the most dreaded subject by learners. Secondary school students appear board exams and Mathematics being one of the major subject makes them more anxious towards the subject. Thus, the present study is aimed at finding the Mathematics Anxiety level of secondary school students with respect to Gender, Type of Management and Class Level. The study was conducted on a sample size of 380 secondary school students. The result of the study revealed that there was no significant difference in the level of Mathematics anxiety between male and female; Private and Government; and class 9 and class 10 students. The study also revealed that the majority of the secondary school students had an average level of Mathematics anxiety.
A REVIEW OF THE SOL-GEL PROCESS AND ITS APPLICATION
Authors: Subhayu Choudhury
Published: October 2024

The sol-gel process has been very useful to produce nanomaterials using different precursors since the early days. Precursors like metal alkoxide or organic/inorganic hybrids are dissolved in alcohol or water and converted into gel after alcoholysis or hydrolysis. The low temperature and low cost of the sol-gel technique make it more convenient than other methods. In comparison to other method, it has good control over the homogeneity of the particles.  This process is very much used in ceramics, composites, thin film coating, and other industrial purposes. This review is a study about the process and application of sol-gel-derived materials. The historical point of view of this process is also explained in this review.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY RE-DEVELOPMENT PROJECT AND ISSUES AND CONCERNS OF PEOPLE IN ATHAVANAD GRAMA PANCHAYAT
Authors: Sampreeth T M
Published: October 2024

The re-development of National Highway 66 in Athavanad Grama Panchayat has led to significant socio-economic and environmental challenges. A survey of 50 respondents reveals that 68% experienced job loss, and 56% are dissatisfied with government compensation for displacement. Additionally, 80% reported travel difficulties, and 78% acknowledged environmental degradation, including loss of greenery and fertile land. Health issues were noted by 64% of respondents, and 60% reported home loss due to the project. Despite these challenges, 54% recognize the need for highway development, although 72% remain dissatisfied with the overall process. The study emphasizes the importance of involving the community in planning and implementing robust measures to mitigate adverse impacts, highlighting the critical balance between infrastructure development and community well-being.
ग्रामीण क्षेत्र में महिला नेतृत्व विकास में स्वयं सहायता समूह की भूमिका
Authors: डॉ. विनीता गौतम
Published: October 2024

विश्व की आधी आबादी महिलाओं की है। फिर भी महिलाएं पुरुषों की तुलना में अधिक गरीब और वंचित हैं क्योंकि उन्हें सामाजिक-आर्थिक और सांस्कृतिक बाधाओं का सामना करना पड़ता है। समाज में उनकी भूमिका अपरिहार्य है। लेकिन वे अपने मूल अधिकारों से वंचित हैं। घरेलू हिंसा, आर्थिक और शैक्षणिक भेदभाव, प्रजनन स्वास्थ्य असमानताएं और हानिकारक पारंपरिक प्रथाएं समाज में असमानता का सबसे व्यापक और स्थायी रूप बनी हुई हैं। इसलिए उन्हें सशक्त बनाने की आवश्यकता महसूस की जाती है। ग्रामीण और पिछड़े क्षेत्रों में स्थिति अधिक गंभीर है। गरीबी उन्मूलन, आर्थिक विकास को बढ़ाने और बेहतर जीवन स्तर के लिए महिला विकास गतिविधियों को महत्व दिया जाना चाहिए। स्वयं सहायता समूह नामक अवधारणा का विकास महिलाओं को सशक्त बनाने के लिए सरकारों के लिए अंधेरे में आशा की किरण है। इसमें महिलाओं की कई समस्याओं का समाधान करने की क्षमता है, जिनका सामना वे अशक्तता के कारण कर रही हैं और वास्तव में उनके जीवन में काफी बदलाव ला सकती हैं। अध्ययन से पता चलता है कि स्वयं सहायता समूह केवल एक माइक्रो-क्रेडिट नहीं है, यह एक सशक्तिकरण प्रक्रिया है, जो ग्रामीण महिलाओं में नेतृत्व क्षमता को विकसित कर समाजिक और राजनीतिक जीवन में निर्णय लेने की प्रक्रिया में उनकी सहभागिता को सुनिष्चत करता है।
FLOOD INUNDATION MAPPING OF GODAVARI RIVER BY USING 2D HEC-RAS MODEL
Authors: Tejaswini More  , Dhanashri Patil  , Rakhi Parpiyani  , Rutuja Pardeshi  , Vidya Saraf
Published: October 2024

Due to increasing urbanization, there are various drastic changes taking place in environment these changes are hazardous for human being as well as animal and environment. Effect of environmental degradation can create environmental issues such as flood, drought etc. Out of this flood is the most common and disastrous hazard in the world. Present study utilizes 2D Unsteady flow modelling for flood inundation mapping in the lower Godavari basin for a reach length of 70 km from Sambaigudem in Telanagana district of Ramanujavaram to Damaracherla in Andhra Pradesh district of Nalgonda. For analysis of this 2D flow modelling and inundation mapping 30m resolution DEM is used. From ancient time majority of cities are developed near or on the banks of the river and these cities were affected due to flood during rainy season or due to the high intensity rainfall. As India is among the most vulnerable to flooding because of its geographical features. Therefore, this study is performed to analyze the flood plain and the extent of the affected areas present on or near the bank of Godavari River and provide mitigation measures for it.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF COST AND ECONOMIC RETURNS OF MAJOR CROPS IN SELECTED STATES OF INDIA FROM 2000-01 TO 2021-22
Authors: Dr. V. Mallika  , Dr. D. Kandasami  , Ms. J. Mageshwari
Published: October 2024

Indian agriculture had reached the stage of development and maturity much before the now advanced countries of the world embarked on the path of progress. The share of agriculture in national income is often taken as an indicator of economic development. This study analysed and compared the cost and returns of principal crops in five major producing states of India like, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra and TamilNadu from 2000-01 to 2021-22. Data on the important variables like, cost of cultivation, production and yield of major crops like Paddy, Wheat, Maize and cotton.The study based on secondary information comprises from Agricultural statistics and Directorate of Economics and Statistics. For analysis of econometric technique like Simple linear regression model and Semi-log linear model were used in this study. The major objectives of the study are, to estimate the regression for cost of cultivation, production and yield of principal crops in selected states in India from 2000-01 to 2021-22 and to study the yield rates of principal crops in selected states of India during the study period. The major findings were derived the study are, the yield per hectare of all food grains has increased by more than two times in 2001 to 2017. The net return of paddy was Rs.10, 870 per hectare and the return of Wheat was Rs. 8614. 32 per hectare in 2017.The study of cost and return is a major economic analysis because the estimation of product cost is useful to decision making process at crop level and the profitability of the farmers, it can help in planning of future production.
AN IMPACT ANALYSIS OF TOURISM AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDIA
Authors: Jambayya Nayak  , Dr. S. V. Hanagodimath
Published: October 2024

The tourism sector exerts a substantial and diverse influence on India's economic growth. Renowned for its rich cultural heritage, historical landmarks, and natural splendor, India has emerged as a favored destination for both domestic and international travelers, drawing millions annually. The study aims to highlight the following factors: per capita GDP, international tourist receipts, trade openness, and gross capital formation. The study employs the Heteroscedasticity Test, Normality Test, Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test, and CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) to examine the contribution of tourism to economic growth in India, comparing major countries from 2003 to 2020. The paper aims to provide an impact analysis of the relationship between economic growth and tourism in India, examining the multifaceted dimensions of this symbiotic relationship.
SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY IS ALSO FAILED TO EXPLAIN NULL RESULT OF MICHELSON AND MORLEY EXPERIMENT
Authors: Dharam Vir Singh
Published: October 2024

Michelson and Morley conducted an experiment in the year 1887 to measure the speed of earth in luminiferous aether.  In this experiment Michelson’s interferometer was used in which two waves are superimposed to generate interference fringes. Keeping in view known velocity of earth around the sun a fringe shift of 0.44 fringe was expected on the rotation of interferometer at an angle of 900, but surprisingly no fringe shift was observed. The experiment was conducted so many times and at so many places but always null results were obtained. The null result of MMX could not be explained by classical mechanics. A number of explanations for null results were submitted but no one was found to be correct. George Fitzerald and Hendrick Lorentz proposed length contraction hypothesis in the direction of motion of earth, but it was also rejected being an adhoc hypothesis. Albert Einstein submitted his famous theory “The special theory of relativity” in the year 1905. The second postulate of the STR states that speed of light is constant in all directions of inertial frames of reference irrespective of motion of source of light or the observer and states that no luminiferous aether exist as a medium, light waves do not require any medium to propagate. As light travels with constant velocity in both the arms of interferometer irrespective of motion of interferometer and there involves no time difference between the two rays hence null results of MMX were explained by special theory of relativity.
Michelson and Morley experiment is based on the wave nature of light. In such experiments wavefront of light plays very important role but behaviour of wavefront of light was not taken into consideration while deriving the time taken by the light rays in the arms of interferometer due to motion of earth resulting into wrong derivation of time. The present article describes the principle and realization of role of wavefront of light in MMX. The time taken by light rays in the arms of the interferometer due to motion of earth depends upon the behaviour of wavefront of light. It has been established by results of Fizeau experiment and steller aberration of light that speed of light is not effected by velocity of moving medium. The derivation of time has been worked out keeping in view constancy of speed of light, wavefront of light and laws of reflection of light according to Huygen’s principle.
Contrary to earlier beliefs the Lorentz length contraction hypothesis is not able to explain the null results of MMX. In the light of new facts it is established that there is no difference between theorectical results derived by classical mechanics and special theory of relativity. Special theory of relativity is also failed to explain the null result of MMX.
The null result of Michelson and Morley experiment has again become a perplexing question for physicists.
TRADITIONAL FOOD PRESERVATION METHODS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE: A STUDY AMONG THE BODO COMMUNITY OF KOKRAJHAR DISTRICT, ASSAM
Authors: Dhira Mani Das  , Dr Kh. Narendra Singh
Published: October 2024

The Bodo community, an indigenous group living in Assam in the northeastern region of India, has developed unique methods to preserve food. These traditional methods of food preservation play a significant role in maintaining the cultural identity of the community. The present paper attempts to explore various food preservation methods practiced by the Bodo community, such as sun-drying, smoking, fermentation, and pickling. The paper also focuses on examining the cultural and nutritional significance of these food preservation practices, and the challenges faced by the Bodo community in maintaining these traditional practices in the face of changing lifestyles and environmental conditions. By acknowledging these challenges, one can work towards finding solutions that allow the Bodo people to continue their age-old food preservation methods while adapting to modern realities.
CRITICAL REFLECTIONS ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN HARYANA
Authors: Jyoti Berwal
Published: October 2024

The emphasis on GDP per capita has been long cross examined as the sole measure of development. Does this parameter offers holistic insights about the distributional efficiency and welfare assessment at all levels? Considering it, the paper tries to interpret HDI ‘with caution’ and gauge into the trickle-down effect of development process in general with special reference to Haryana while analysing attainment and deprivation dimensions in particular.
ABOLITION OF ARTICLE 370 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA - A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Ishant Chaudhary  , Dr. Annirudh Vashishth
Published: October 2024

ABOLITION OF ARTICLE 370 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA - A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
ROLE OF GENDER ON THE PERCEPTION OF COLLEGE STUDENTS TOWARD SEMESTER SYSTEM
Authors: Dr. Rosy Lalrinsangi  , Dr. David Rosangliana
Published: October 2024

The present study intends to find out the viewpoint of college students on the different components of semester system in undergraduate colleges of Mizoram with reference to gender. For this, the investigators' perception scale for students was used to gather information. 823 college students were chosen as samples. It was revealed that male students had a more favourable perception than female students in the choice based credit system of semester system.
અમદાવાદ શહેર અને સરહદી વિસ્તાર બનાસકાંઠા જિલ્લા પોલીસનું માળખું અને તેની કાર્ય પધ્ધતિ નો વિશ્લ્રેષણાત્મક અભ્યાસ
Authors: રાજપૂત થાનાભાઈ વરજાગાભાઈ  , ડૉ. અમિતકુમાર શાહ
Published: October 2024

અમદાવાદ શહેર અને સરહદી વિસ્તાર બનાસકાંઠા જિલ્લા પોલીસનું માળખું અને તેની કાર્ય પધ્ધતિ નો વિશ્લ્રેષણાત્મક અભ્યાસ