bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Education on Primiparas' Postpartial care
Authors: Shin Hye Sook , Kim Sung Hee , Kwon Sook Hee
Published: September 2023

The study was to find whether the educational program contributed to increase of knowledge and self-efficacy of the postpartal primiparas. This study aimed at improvement of the educational effect for postpartal primiparas.The Subjects were 34 primiparas who were admitted to the obstetric ward in a University hospital from November 15th to December 9th, 1999. The Subjects were those who had no labor pain at the admission time, had no complications during labor and delivery and, gave birth to a healthy baby. They were tested on knowledge and self-efficacy two times, one at the damission time and prior to discharge. After the first test nurses in a maternity ward taught them on postpartal care.Two tools were developed by authors based on literature review. The test tool fr knowledge of postpartal car consisted of 23 items. The test tool for self-efficacy of postpartal care consisted of 16 items. Analysis of demographic data were analyzed with calculation of percentage. Score differences between the first test and the second test were analyzed with paired t-test. The Spss(Win 8.0) program was used for data analysis.The results are as follows.1. There were not significant influencing general characteristics of primiparous to pre-educational knowledge. There were significant influencing general characteristics of primiparous to post-educational knowledge : occupation(t=13.04, p=0.00), postpartal education(t=5.51, p=0.02).2. There were not significant influencing general characteristics of primiparous to pre-educational self-efficacy. There were significant influencing gneral characteristics of primiparous to post-educational self-efficacy : antenatal education(t=5.53, p=0.02) 3. Primiparas' knowledge of postpartal care increased significantly after education(t=13.04, p=0.00).4. Primiparas' self-efficacy of postpartal care increased significantly after education(t=5.51, p=0.02).5. Correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy was r=.360(p=0.03). We suggest follow-up studies to find whether primiparas' self-efficacy will last after discharge or not.
A Study on Nursing Needs during Labor Pain
Authors: Yeo Jung Hee
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of nursing needs during labor pain as perceived by women who have given birth. The phenomenological perspective of qualitative research theory suided the approach to the study. The sample consisted of 20 women who had undergone normal labor and had delivered a healthy baby at term. Collection of data was by means of in-depth interviews conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room from March to may 1998. On average, the interviews lasted for about 30 minutes. Interviews were taken with the consent of the subjects. Data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's method and categorized according to the similarities of their contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify themes and categories.Four categories were : 1) a sense of security 2) self esteem 3) willingness to learn 4) a sense of comfort.Under these categories there were twelve themes.I. A sense of security : (a) presence (b) conversation (c) touching II. Self esteem : (a) praise (b) encouragement (c) treating the women with respect (d) caregiver with good character III. Willingness to learn : (a) teaching (b) information IV. A sense of comfort : (a) self controlled pain relief (b)] artificially controlled pain relief (c) skillfulness of caregiver The findings should sensitize nurses to the various needs of women in labor who are under their care. Further research should focus on developing instruments to assess the nursing needs of parturients. Researchers also need to identify ways to assess women's satisfaction with nursing needs.
Health Educational Program for Women's Health in Women's Health Care Center
Authors: Lee Eun Hee , Choi Sang Soon , So Ae Young
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze women's health problems using Green & Kreuter's(1991) PROCEDE model and to develop health education program for women's health. The subjects were recruited women from Wonju city 18 years or older.1. The results showed that about 50% of the women were satisfied with their lives as women, 23% of the sample felt there was a need for a women's health care center. The mean number of health problems was 3.1 and the prevalence rate, 44.4%.2. We developed on educational program according to group differences related to health problems, diagnosis of disease, variables influencing health promotion behavior, and programs which each group wanted. Also we stressed self-efficacy and self-help group for the management of individual health to all groups.3. The diagnoses of diseases that were experienced premarital over the past year were gastritis, bronchitis, spinal disk, and fracture, for the childbearing/rearing group, gastritis, vaginitis and cervicitis, cervical cancer and cystitis and nephritis and arthritis and for the middle-aged/elderly group arthritis, gastritis, vaginitis and cervicitis, and spinal disk. Of the sample 30.5% did not have a health exam in the past year, and only 10% of the premarital group, 12.5% of the childbearing/child-rearing group, and 18.3% of the middle aged-elderly group were concerned about their health and did something for their health.4. The average score on the HPLP was 2.41, the HPLP was scores according to group were found to have significant differences, self-efficacy, family functions, health attention and were considered important variables in the prematrital group, in the childbearing/child-rearing group self-efficacy, family functions, internal locus of control, health attention, and health perception and power others locus of control and then for the middle aged-elderly group self-efficacy, health attention, internal locus of control, family functions and health perception.5. There are a few educational programs in the city provided by the Wonju Health Center and by community health nurse practitioners. The premarital group requested the educational programs on diet, health exercise, family health and stress management. Also the childbearing/child-rearing group wanted programs on diet, family health, stress management, and health exercise, and the middle-aged/elderly group wanted that of family health, diet, climacteric changes stress management and health exercise.The program suggested that this program should be applied to women in the community to insure adequate management of women's health. Follow-up research with PROCEDE is needed to analyze health outcomes, also, a women's health nursing specialist system is required to develop health promotion, and improve the quality of life for women.
The Knowledge and Learning Needs about Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women
Authors: Choi EyuSoon , Oh JeongAh , Hur MyungHaeng , Lee InSook , Choi SoonYoung
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for developing a program for effective education about GDM(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) by investigating the knowledge and learning needs of pregnant women about GDM. The subjects were 192 pregnant women who visited obstetrical clinics for prenatal care. The data were collected from October, 1998 to December, 1999, using a 50-item questionnaire(knowledge ; 30 items, learning needs ; 20 items), and analyzed by SAS program for t-test, ANOVA, Ducan test, and Pearson correlation coefficients.The results were as follows.1. the knowledge level about GDM 1) Pregnant women had very little knowledge(total means ; 15.1 of 30.0) about GDM.2) Pregnant women more than 30 years old, pregnant women from Seoul, and pregnant women who had more than a bachelor's degree were more knowledgeable about GDM.3) Pregnant women who didn't experience spontaneous abortions, pregnant women who had DM(Diabetes Mellitus) patients in their families, and pregnant women who received education about DM were more knowledgeable about GDM.4) Pregnant women knew very well that GDM women have more maternal and fetal complications than normal pregnant women. Although they were knowledgeable about the importance and ways of controlling blood glucose level, they knew very little about the causes, symptoms, or management of hypoglycemia.2. The learning needs about GDM 1) Pregnant women had high learning needs (total means ; 85.0 of 100.0) about GDM.2) The learning needs of pregnant women who had more than a bachelor's degree and pregnant women who earned less than two million won in monthly income were higher than that of other groups.3) Pregnant women had high learning needs about the health of their baby and themselves, but their learning needs related to weight control and exercise-things that play important roles in controlling blood glucose level-were relatively low.As a result of the above findings, a systemic and individualized program is required for pregnant women and GDM patients, In addition to that, further studies that investigate the effects of education and retention of learning obtained by education are required in the near future.
A Survey of Morning Sickness during Pregnancy
Authors: Hyun JIn Sook , Park Young Sook
Published: September 2023

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify incidence, severity and duration of morning sickness; 2) to explore the diet relieving nausea; and 3) the demographic factors related to morning sickness. The data were collected on 281 pregnant women by the questionnaire comprized of demographic variables, obstetric characteristics, and pattern of morning sickness from 6 weeks gestational period to 30 weeks, who visited prenatal clinic of three general hospitals and a public health center in Seoul. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and chi2 test, using the program of SPSS/WIN 8.0. The results were as follows; 1. Incidence of morning sickness comprised of 72.3% pregnant women. Occurrence of morning sickness was gestational mean of 5.93 weeks, and morning sickness ceased after gestational mean of 14.62 weeks.2. Of those women who experienced morning sickness 27.9% had morning sickness in the morning and 19.7% in the afternoon, and 45.3% had morning sickness for 1 hour in duration and 19.2% throughout the entire day.3. Of those pregnant women 51.2% had moderate discomfort and 33.5% had severe discomfort in morning sickness. The situations that triggered morning sickness were 'hunger' for 32.9%, 'smell' for 30.3%, and 'cooking' for 23.3%.4. The affects of morning sickness to lifestyle were 'moderate change' for 39.9%, 'mild change' for 33.5%, and 'much change' for 23.6%.5. To remedy morning sickness 34.6% of pregnant women tried to eat fruits, and 14.8% tried to drink carbonated beverage. The effective foods relieving morning sickness were fruits for 38.4%, carbonated beverage for 15.6% and dry carbohydrate for 12.0% of pregnant women. The ineffective foods relieving it were milk for 31.0% and dry carbohydrate for 23.7% of pregnant women.6. The level of relieving of morning sickness by diet were 'mild' for 55.7%, 'no change' for 21.7%, and 'moderate' for 17.7% of pregnant women.7. There was a significant association with morning sickness and age, but no significant associations with morning sickness and parity, educational level, occupation, type of marriage, and type of family.
A Study of Perception of the Newborn, Parental Role Stress and Anxiety of Preterm Birth Mothers
Authors: Choi Yang Ja , Cho Kyoul Ja
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to contribute to maternal nursing in the early postpartum stage and neonate nursing. Data were collected through self-report questionaires which were constructed to include perception of the newborn scale, parental role stress scale and anxiety scale. The subjects consisted of 81 mothers of preterm babies at seven hospitals in Seoul and Kyoungki-Do, from July 15 to September 30, 2000. Data were analysed by SPSS/PC using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient.The results were summarized as follows 1. The mean of perception of the newborn in the early postpartum stage was 1.35. The mean of parental role stress was 10.78. The mean of anxiety of mother was 39.74.2. There were significant positive correlation between parental role stress and anxiety of mothers.3. There were not significant influencing general characteristics to perception of the newborn and parental role stress. General characteristics related to the level of anxiety were economic status, expectation of pregnancy, birthing order, newborn weight. The above findings indicated that the level of parental role stress and anxiety of preterm birth mothers were correlated. Therefore nursing intervention for reducing parental role stress and anxiety should be provided for preterm birth mothers.
The Effect of College Womens Smoking on Menstrual Discomfort
Authors: Lee Kyung Hye , Park Hye Sook
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of college women s active and passive smoking on menstrual discomfort. The subjects were 252 college female students (active smokers, 71; people who passively inhaled others smoke, 104; nonsmokers who also didn't inhale others smoke, 77). Subjects were selected from 5 colleges in North Kyong Sang Province, Korea. Data was collected from March to June of 2000 with a structured questionnaire. The instruments used for this study were the revised Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) developed by Moos(1968), general characteristic, menstrual characteristic, and smoking characteristic scale developed by researchers. The data were analysed by the SPSS/PC+ program.The results were as follows 1. There was no statistically significant difference of menstrual discomfort level among the active smokers, those who passively inhaled others smoke, and who did not inhale others smoke(F= 2.613, p= .075).2. The mean score of menstrual discomfort was moderate(M= 60.8008, SD= 17.9243). The level of menstrual discomfort was various (minimum score 29.00- maximum score 110.0).3. Factors influencing menstrual discomfort were on life stress events(F= 4.057, p = .045), irregular menstrual cycle(t = 3.968, p = .047), and amount of flow during menstruation(F = 4.018, p = .019). The recommendations from this study are necessity of further studies to investigate how heavy active and passive smoking have effect on menstrual discomfort.
Health Risk Behaviors Affecting the Process of Pregnancy
Authors: Park Chai Soon , Mun Mi Seon , Hong Gin Hee , Lee Jeoung Eun
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to determine 1) selected risk factors and its impact that affect pregnancy outcome such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and substance abuse 2) these factors can facilitate future strategies for health promotion and prevention for both pregnant women and fetus. Review of literature were extracted from searching MEDLINE(1966 - Oct. 2000). CINAHL (1982 - Oct. 2000) and the domestic literature.The following factors were identified: 1. The effects of risk behaviors on pregnancy.Maternal smoking was associated with the occurrence of premature or LBW delivery, fetal growth retardation, extremities defects, heart defects and sudden infant death syndrome.Maternal alcohol consumption was associated with spontaneous abortion, premature or LBW delivery, morphologic/neurologic problems, especially fetal alcohol syndrome.Heroin was associated with withdrawal after birth in which were born to heroine addicts for gestational age and lung maturation in animal studies.Cocaine was associated with spontaneous abortion, abruptio placenta and a poor response to environmental stimuli.So far, the effects of caffeine on pregnancy was controversial, but severe caffeine consumption was associated with premature or LBW delivery, spontaneous abortion, still birth and dystocia.2. Intervention methods and its effects identified were as follows Conducted intervention for smoking, alcohol and drug consumption were single or combined.Intervention methods were counseling, phone contact, mailing, use of educational videotape, booklet, support person and alternatives such as nicotine patch.The interventions increased the rates of smoking cessation during pregnancy and awareness of the risk of drug consumption, and decreased amount of alcohol consumption.The intervention outcome found positive effect on birth weight and length.3. Our recommendations were as follows The personal and social cognition should be enhanced through education and the mass media.It's necessary to educate and give information of preconceptional care, planned pregnancy and early prenatal care for optimal pregnancy outcome.It's necessary to develop comprehensive assessment tool which is reliable and valid on smoking, alcohol consumption and substance abuse to identify supportive or interventional program.
Relationship between the Sense of Crisis and Quality of Life of Middle-aged Women
Authors: Koh Hyo Jung , Oh Myung Ok , Kim Hye Young
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to understand the levels of crisis and quality of life and the relationship between them.Data was collected from questionnaires completed by 384 middle-aged women between 40 and 59 years old. The sense of crisis was measured by a scale which was developed by Kim(1988) and modified by Oh(1999). The quality of life was measured by the scale which was developed by Noh(1988). The data was analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program and included: descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression.The results of this study were as follows: 1) In the sense of crisis scale, 'experiencing emptiness and powerlessness through my friends is the highest item(3,56+/-1.06). 'Meaninglessness in daily living' factor's score is 3.16+/-0.76 and another factor, 'concept of my life thus far' score is 2.89+/-0.74. Then the former is higher than the latter.2) In the quality of life, 'eat well now' is the highest item(3.60+/-0.93). 'self-esteem' is the highest factor(3.37+/-0.62) and 'emotional state' is the lowest factor(2.89+/-0.31).3) According to the correlation between factors of crisis and quality of life, there was a significant negative correlation between two factors of crisis and five factors of quality of life except emotional state.4) According to linear regression, two factors of the sense of crisis showed the explanatory power of the quality of life with 31.6%. On the basis of above findings, the following is suggested; Crisis is not precipitated by special events and new accidents, but the normal emotional change phenomena process in the human life cycle. As a result, we should develop the nursing programs and education programs about crisis intervention for middle-aged women's health.
Sexual Life of Husband and Wife after Hysterectomy
Authors: Kim Jin Kyung , Koh Hyo Jung
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data from confirming factors that could help nurses tailor counseling programs for married couples who were facing the prospect of a hysterectomy.A descriptive design was used to study a total of 81 married couples (a total of 162 subjects) between 2 to 18 months after hysterectomy, due to a benign gynecology disease at a University Hospital in Daegu. The study was conducted using questionnaires from March 1999 to June 2000.This study used the Sexual Knowledge Measurement of Koo, Ja-sung (1996), Sexual Attitude Scales of Hudson, Murphy, and Nurius (1994), Sexual Attitude Measurement of Jang, Soon-bok (1989), and Sexual Activity Questionnaires of Thiriaway, Fallowfield, and Cuzick (1996) modified and supplemented by advice from experts in order to measure sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, and sexual activity. The Sexual Function Inventory of Derogatis (1979), translated by Jang, Soon-bok (1984), was used to measure the sexual satisfaction of the subjects.For data analysis, the study executed chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression in accordance with the purpose of the study using SPSS/PC+WIN 10.0 program. Also, this study obtained Cronbach's alpha for examination of reliability.The results are as follows:1) The sexual knowledge of the husband was higher than that of the wife after hysterectomy, with an that of the wife and a mean of 11.57 (±2.28) for the husband. However, there was no statistically significant difference (t = .681, p = .497).2) The sexual attitude of the husband was more liberal than that of the wife after hysterectomy, as shown by the mean 3.25 (±0.48) in the case of the wife and the mean 3.42 (±0.48) in the case of the husband. 3) There was a statistically significant difference (t = 2.399, p = 0.018). Reason 2: Corrected spacing, capitalization, and punctuation errors.4) There was no statistically significant difference between the scores of sexual activity of wife and husband by period elapsed after hysterectomy.There was no statistically significant difference between the score of sexual satisfaction of wife and husband by period elapsed after hysterectomy.5) The wife subjects showed positive correlation among sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, sexual activity, and sexual satisfaction. The husband subjects showed positive correlation only between sexual knowledge and sexual activity, sexual activity and sexual satisfaction, sexual attitude and sexual satisfaction, sexual knowledge and sexual satisfaction.There was a positive correlation between the sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, sexual activity, and sexual satisfaction of the wife and husband.6 ) Only the variable of sexual activity among factors of sexual satisfaction of the wife subjects showed the statistical significance (F = 52.452, p < 0.001), while variables of sexual attitude (F = 20.360, p < 0.001) and sexual activity (F = 14.142, p < 0.05) among factors of sexual satisfaction of the husband subjects showed a statistical significance.
The Influencing Factors on the Quality of Marital Role of Married, Working Women in Korea
Authors: Park Eunok
Published: September 2023

The labor participation rate of women are increasing, especially for married and 30 and over aged women in Korea. Reason 2: Corrected spacing and capitalization errors. Marital role quality might be regarded as an influencing factor on quality of life or health status. The purpose of this study is to investigate influencing factors on quality of marital role for Korean employed women with husband.Data were collected from 323 mothers of students at 3 kindergartens, 2 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, and 4 high schools in metropolitan area during 1998.8 ~1998.12. . They were dual-earner couples, and were employed over one year. Response rate is 62.3%.Quality of marital role was measured using Role Quality Scale developed by Park, June & Kim (1999). This instrument is based on Role Rewards and Concerns Scale of Barnett et al.(1993) for quality of marital role. Quality of marital role is made of 19 items and the subfactors are doing households, satisfaction with husband, and relationship with husband. The scale has good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.90).The findings of this study show that age, monthly average household income, husband's occupation, husband's attitude for wife's employment, and the perceived equity for labor division between couples are significant variables for quality of marital role. But education, career years, working hours per week, occupation, monthly average wage, and marital years are not significant. 33.81% of the variance in marital role were accounted for by these variables.
The Relationship Among Urinary Incontinence, Menopausal Symptom and Life Satisfaction in Middle Aged Women
Authors: Lim Hyun Ja
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate of the relationship of the urinary incontinence, menopausal symptom and life satisfaction in middle aged women.The subjects of this study were 235 middle aged women, living in M city, during the period from June 21 to August 31, 2000.The instruments for this study were the urinary incontinence modified and adding by Lee Young Sook(1994), the menopausal symptom developed by Song Ae Ri and Chung Eun Soon(1998) and the life satisfaction translated and modified by Suh Kyung Hee(1988).Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression with SAS package.The result of this are as follows : 1. The total mean score of urinary incontinence was 1.56+/-0.58 with a range of 0 to 4. The mean score on the menopausal symptom was 2.05+/-0.43 with a range of 1 to 4. The mean life satisfaction score was 1.14+/-0.41 with a range of 0 to 2.2.General characteristics ralated to urinary incontinence were age and numbers of children (F=7.66, p=0.000, F=2.86, p=0.037). General characteristics ralated to menopausal symptom were age (F=7.37, p=0.000), occupation (t=5.33, p=0.021), problem of children (t=6.46, p=0.011) and marital satisfaction (F=5.65, p=0.004). General characteristics ralated to life satisfaction were type of housing (t=12.06, p=0.000), problem of children (t=6.96, p=0.008) and marital satisfaction (F=18.86, p=0.000).3.The urinary incontinence and menopausal symptom were correlated positively (r=.235, p=.000). The urinary incontinence and life satisfaction were correlated negatively (r=-.114, p=.007). The menopausal symptom and life satisfaction were correlated negatively (r= -.277, p=.000).4.The menopausal symptom, type of housing and marital satisfaction explained 16.6% of the variance for life satisfaction in the middle aged women.
Pharmacotherapy of urethral stricture
Authors: Luo Hui , Lou Ke-Cheng , Xie Ling-Yu , Zeng Fei , Zou Jun-Rong
Published: September 2023

Urethral stricture is characterized by the chronic formation of fibrous tissue, leading to the narrowing of the urethral lumen. Despite the availability of various endoscopic treatments, the recurrence of urethral strictures remains a common challenge. Postsurgery pharmacotherapy targeting tissue fibrosis is a promising option for reducing recurrence rates. Although drugs cannot replace surgery, they can be used as adjuvant therapies to improve outcomes. In this regard, many drugs have been proposed based on the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of urethral stricture. Ongoing studies have obtained substantial progress in treating urethral strictures, highlighting the potential for improved drug effectiveness through appropriate clinical delivery methods. Therefore, this review summarizes the latest researches on the mechanisms related to the pathophysiology of urethral stricture and the drugs to provide a theoretical basis and new insights for the effective use and future advancements in drug therapy for urethral stricture.
Endodontic periodontal lesions: A complex nexus
Authors: Arulmari Srivainavi , Bhuvaneswari Mahalingam , Muthukali Shanmugam , Balachandran Ashwath
Published: September 2023

The pulp and the periodontium are interrelated structures formed from the ectomesenchymal derivates of the enamel organ, the dental papilla, and the dental sac, respectively. This inter-relationship is not only developmental, as age progresses the disease affecting the periodontium will progress to involve the dental pulp as well and vice versa. This lesion termed as the “Endodontic-Periodontal lesion” is quite complex and thus it is difficult to conclude whether the lesion is of periodontal or endodontic origin. Numerous clinicians have put forward their thoughts and experiences in the literature by classifying these lesions and also the management of varied types of these lesions. This review article aims to compile all the researcher’s view into a literature that describes the lesion in detail, the varied classification, etiological factors as well as contributing factors involved in the formation of this lesion, clinical and radiographic diagnosis, the effects of pulp and periodontium as a result of disease involvement and the management of the lesion with various treatment modalities.
Management of multiple mesiodens in mixed dentition period
Authors: Kaul Sampada , Kaushik Noopur , Kaur Navpreet
Published: September 2023

Early developing malocclusions should be intercepted with the goal of restoring normal development of occlusion, function, and esthetics. Mesiodens is a rather common anomaly presenting with varied complications, especially displacement of adjacent teeth. Management usually involves extraction of the mesiodens and correction of deranged occlusion.
Psychological safety and intellectual bravery in simulation-based medical education
Authors: Sharma Hritika , Patil Anant D.
Published: September 2023

Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is known as a powerful instructional technique for teaching health-care students. Simulation has become an integral part of medicine and health-care teaching in few institutes in India, and there are certain challenges instructors/facilitators face on a regular basis. Psychological safety and intellectual bravery are some of these challenges. Timely recognition of these issues and implementation of a long-term solution may be useful to improve the experience of simulation-based learning and ultimately deliver better care to real-life patients. In this article, we discuss these specific challenges and the role of a simulation instructor in making learning environment safe for the participants in SBME.
Evaluation of antidepressant effect of palonosetron in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Kaushal Jyoti , Chawla Smriti
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Serotonin is one of the most important neurotransmitters influencing mental health and a potential target for pharmacological treatments. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT3) receptor antagonists such as ondansetron, mainly used for the management of acute and delayed cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis, have shown antidepressant effects in various studies. Another 5HT3 antagonist, palonosetron approved for delayed cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis, has yet not been studied for antidepressant effects.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Swim despair test was used for the evaluation of antidepressant effect. Swiss Albino mice were used for the test. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 each to receive following 4 treatments by intraperitoneal (i.p) route: Group 1 Vehicle, i.e., normal saline (0.1 mL/10 g of body weight i.p.), Group 2: fluoxetine (18 mg/kg i.p), Group 3: palonosetron (0.025 mg/kg i.p), and Group 4: palonosetron (0.05 mg/kg i.p). Efficacy was assessed by the recording of the immobility period after 1 h and 24 h of drug administration.

RESULTS:

Palonosetron in both doses decreased the immobility time and increased the swimming time depicting antidepressant activity as compared to control. Palonosetron in the dose of 0.05 mg/kg (higher dose) showed a statistically significant (P = 0.000) decrease in the period of immobility at 1 h and 24 h, respectively, as compared to control. Palonosetron in low dose, i.e., 0.025 mg/kg showed decrease in the period of immobility at 1 h and 24 h as compared to the control but the difference was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION:

Palonosetron, 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, the drug used for amelioration of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, has been found to possess antidepressant activity.
Perceived Stress and Frailty in Older Adults
Authors: Lee Se Hui , Shin Jinyoung , Um Sarang , Shin Hye Ri , Kim Young Sun , Choi Jae Kyung
Published: September 2023

Background: Individuals with frailty are susceptible to adverse events. Although a psychological correlation with frailty has been observed, few studies have investigated the link between stress and frailty. This study examined the association between perceived stress and frailty in older adults.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included participants recruited between September 2021 and January 2022. The Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 was used to measure stress levels, while the frailty status was assessed using the Korean Frailty Index. Loneliness, depression, and satisfaction were measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale, respectively. We used multinomial logistic regression to compare the variables between frail and robust participants.Results: Among 862 study participants (mean age, 73.62 years; 65.5% women), the mean PSS-10 score was 15.26, 10.8% were frail, 22.4% were pre-frail, and 66.8% were robust. Perceived stress was significantly associated with pre-frailty (crude odds ratio [OR]=1.147; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.093–1.204) and frailty (crude OR=1.417; 95% CI, 1.322–1.520). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, we examined the associations between perceived stress and prefrailty (adjusted OR=1.140; 95% CI, 1.084–1.199) and frailty (adjusted OR=1.409; 95% CI, 1.308–1.518). After adjusting for all variables, including loneliness, depression, and satisfaction, perceived stress was significantly associated with frailty (adjusted OR=1.172; 95% CI, 1.071–1.283), however, insufficient statistical evidence was observed for pre-frailty (adjusted OR=1.022; 95% CI, 0.961–1.086).Conclusion: Higher levels of perceived stress were associated with frailty in older adults. Stress management efforts may help improve frailty in this population.
Advanced Value Stream Mapping: Development of a Conceptual Model
Considering Variability in Production Processes
Authors: Araibi Alaa Salahuddin , Shaiful A. I. M. , Shadhar Muhanad Hatem
Published: September 2023

Recently, lean manufacturing (LM) practices are being combined with tools and
techniques that belong to other areas of knowledge such as risk management (RM).
Value stream mapping (VSM) is a well-known tool in showing the value, the value
stream, and the flow, which represents the three lean principles. VSM and RM,
when used in tandem with one another, are more advantageous in covering VSM
issues such as the variability of production processes. In this article, a
conceptual model that integrates the two is shown and explained. The model helps
to generate scenarios of current state map (CSM) and future state map (FSM) in a
dynamic way by identifying current and potential risks. These risks might happen
in the future, bringing with it negative ramifications including not reaching
the main objectives within the defined time. The model has been tested in a
coffee production company belonging to health and food sector. The proposed
model specified the ranges of variability through the drawing of CSM and FSM.
This is quite a milestone because one of the challenges of VSM is that it is a
static tool, and, as such, process variability cannot be captured appropriately.
This new model is expected to overcome this drawback.
Investigation of Potential Injury Patterns and Occupant Kinematics in
Frontal Impact with PMHS in Reclined Postures
Authors: Baudrit Pascal , Uriot Jérôme , Richard Olivier , Debray Matthieu
Published: September 2023

The reality of the autonomous vehicle in a near future is growing and is expected
to induce significant change in the occupant posture with respect to a standard
driving posture. The delegated driving would allow sleeping and/or resting in a
seat with a reclined posture. However, the data in the literature are rare on
the body kinematics, human tolerance, and injury types in such reclined
postures. The current study aims at increasing the knowledge in the domain and
providing useful data to assess the relevance of the standard injury assessment
tools such as anthropomorphic test devices or finite element human body
models.

For that purpose, a test series of three male Post-Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS)
were performed in frontal impact at a 13.4 m/s delta V. The backseat inclination
was 58 degrees with respect to the vertical axis. The semi-rigid seat developed
by Uriot et al. (2015) was used with a
stiffer seat ramp. The restraint was composed of a lap belt equipped with two
3.5 kN load limiters, and of a shoulder belt equipped of a 4 kN load limiter on
the upper anchorage placed in the vicinity of the shoulder. The belts, the
semi-rigid seat, and the footrest were equipped with force sensors. The
rotations of the seat pan and of the seat ramp were also measured. The PMHS were
instrumented with multi-axis accelerometers and Y angular velocity sensors
attached to the head, thorax (T1 and T12 vertebrae), and sacrum. Strain gauges
were glued onto the anterior face of the L1 to L5 lumbar vertebrae and onto the
anterior face of the iliac wings. To estimate the pelvis kinematics, a rigid
support equipped with targets was fixed onto the femur shaft. Prior to test,
X-ray imagery was performed to exhibit the initial curvature of the lumbar
spine. After the tests, an in-depth necropsy was done, with a specific attention
to the lumbar spine.

In the chosen test conditions, no lap-belt submarining was observed for the three
PMHS. One PMHS sustained an AIS2 pelvic ring fracture and another one sustained
an AIS4 injury with complete separation of the left and right sacroiliac joints.
Lumbar disc ruptures and vertebral fractures were observed for the three PMHS
(AIS 2 and AIS3 coding). The number of separated rib fractures were very
different from one PMHS to another (0, 6 and 33). Response corridors for the
external forces and kinematics were built and are presented in the paper. The
results are discussed by comparing with existing data for which the backseat was
in standard posture.
Effect of Tissue Erosion Modeling Techniques on Pedestrian Impact
Kinematics
Authors: Grindle Daniel , Untaroiu Costin
Published: September 2023

The pedestrian is one of the most vulnerable road users and has experienced
increased numbers of injuries and deaths caused by car-to-pedestrian collisions
over the last decade. To curb this trend, finite element models of pedestrians
have been developed to investigate pedestrian protection in vehicle impact
simulations. While useful, modeling practices vary across research groups,
especially when applying knee/ankle ligament and bone failure. To help better
standardize modeling practices this study explored the effect of knee ligament
and bone element elimination on pedestrian impact outcomes. A male 50th
percentile model was impacted by three European generic vehicles at 30, 40, and
50 km/h. The pedestrian model was set to three element elimination settings: the
“Off-model” didn’t allow any element erosion, the “Lig-model” allowed
lower-extremity ligament erosion, and the “All-model” allowed lower-extremity
ligament and bone erosion. Failure toggling had a significant effect on impact
outcomes (0 < p ≤ 0.03). The head impact time response was typically the
smallest for the “Off-model” while the wrap around distance response was always
largest for the All-model. Moderate differences in maximum vehicle-pedestrian
contact forces across elimination techniques were reported in this study (0.1 –
1.7 kN). Future work will examine additional failure modelling approaches, model
anthropometries and vehicles to expand this investigation.
Introduction to Corporate Law and Economics
Authors: B. Badawi Adam
Published: September 2023

The second, expanded edition of the acclaimed Encyclopedia represents a major update of the most authoritative reference work in the field of law and economics and the nine print volumes are now released online as a single integrated product.
The theory of business organizations
Authors: Dari-Mattiacci Giuseppe
Published: September 2023

The second, expanded edition of the acclaimed Encyclopedia represents a major update of the most authoritative reference work in the field of law and economics and the nine print volumes are now released online as a single integrated product.
The use of debt in corporate finance
Authors: de Fontenay Elisabeth
Published: September 2023

The second, expanded edition of the acclaimed Encyclopedia represents a major update of the most authoritative reference work in the field of law and economics and the nine print volumes are now released online as a single integrated product.
Deconstructing the senior creditor
Authors: J. Casey Anthony , Verstein Andrew
Published: September 2023

The second, expanded edition of the acclaimed Encyclopedia represents a major update of the most authoritative reference work in the field of law and economics and the nine print volumes are now released online as a single integrated product.
Transformation of international forms of legal regulation of corporate relationships
Authors: Gevko Volodymyr , Brusakova Oksana , Posykaliuk Oleg , Hrudnytskyi Vasyl , Sieriebriak Stanislav
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article was to analyze the international forms of legal regulation of corporate relations and their consequent transformation in the corporate law of the European Union EU and Ukraine. The methods of this research were: monographic analysis, analysis and synthesis, systematic, comparative and legal, prospective and generalization. The formation and development of the EU corporate legislation is analyzed. A comparative analysis of the EU and Ukrainian corporate legislation in its different stages and forms of adaptation in accordance with the EU legislation is also carried out. It is concluded that modern EU corporate legislation is the result of the historical development of EU law in general and, its transformation into a specific, independent legal system. It is emphasized that company law in the EU is increasingly subject to unification, and with the adoption of the European Company Acts, the company law of the EU member states is also subject to constant transformation. Ukraine, as a candidate to join the EU, should implement measures aimed at adapting and unifying its corporate legislation to EU laws.
Procesos de secularización de símbolos religiosos en el discurso político contemporáneo: Aproximaciones desde la antropología política
Authors: Kozar Yurii , Ostapets Yurii , Kaskiv Oleg , Gogol Vasyl , Derkach Vitaliy , Levchenko Lesia
Published: September 2023

The State-church relationship involves processes that go beyond political theory or power relations; it is also present in language and is used in political discourse, which is especially related to the ideology of a certain segment of society. Political anthropology seeks the resources and tools necessary to explain the processes that occur within language and political symbology. This article attempts to describe the processes of secularization of religious symbols in contemporary political discourse. Based on a methodology of phenomenological and empirical analysis framed with a documentary-bibliographic design; from the review of specialized texts on the subject referred to above, texts were collected to identify the processes of secularization in contemporary political discourse. It is concluded that the secularization of religious symbols in contemporary political discourse refers to the elimination or reduction of the role of religion in politics and society, in order to promote religiosity in the private sphere and encourage religious tolerance and cultural diversity, based on discourses whose axes of interest revolve around globalization, human rights and democracy.
The impact of Russian militaryaggression on the establishment of a newUkrainian political nation
Authors: Chernets Vasyl , Stadnyk Mykola , Marukhovska-Kartunova Olga , Kolybabiuk Svitlana , Svorak Stepan
Published: September 2023

The open Russian invasion of Ukraine forced the Ukrainian society to defend its right to a unique and consolidated national identity. The aspiration of Ukrainians to preserve their own identity implied, later, the establishment of a new Ukrainian nation. The aim of the study was to analyze the factors influencing the establishment of the Ukrainian political nation in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The method of comparative analysis was used to identify a high level of legal awareness of the constitutional military duty to defend the Fatherland and preserve the Ukrainian nation. It is concluded that in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict, a new Ukrainian political nation is being established under the influence of ensuring equal rights to culture, language, territory, religion, justice, economy and ethnicity. It was found that Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine forced Ukrainians to unite for the sake of their own preservation as a single Ukrainian political nation. A new Ukrainian political nation, which was established during the Russo-Ukrainian war, is a sovereign community of citizens who have the political subjectivity to put up national resistance to the occupiers.
Use of criminal analysis in operational and search activities
Authors: Vitaliiovych Nazarenko Ihor , Mykolaiovych Khankevych Andrii , Lavrentiiovych Dal Adam , Rybynskyi Yevhenii , Viacheslav Hordiienko
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the research was to consider the essence of the use of criminal analysis in operational and search activities. The rationale is that it is necessary to improve the existing ways of using criminal analysis methods in operational and search activities. The methodological basis of the article is a dialectical approach. Moreover, during the research, a system of methods of scientific knowledge has been used: formal logic (abstraction, analogy, deduction, induction, synthesis) for detailed clarification of the content of the issues under consideration; empirical research method - during experimental research and interviewing experts; the method of system analysis - to determine the directions for the introduction of innovative approaches to solving the problem. As a conclusion it is proposed to make changes in the Law of Ukraine “On operational and search activities”, in particular, to supplement clause 4 of the first part of Article 8 with the following provision: in order to perform the tasks of operational and search activity to obtain information held by telecommunications operators and providers, about communications, subscribers, provision of telecommunications services, in particular, about the reception of services, their duration, content, transmission paths, etc.
The budgetary mechanism of the national economic development model: Political aspects
Authors: Kulchytska Nadiia , Lysyuk Volodymyr
Published: September 2023

The main objective of the article was to study the legal and economic aspects of the formation of the budgetary mechanism of the national model of economic development. It is possible to ensure the dynamic processes of economic development of Ukraine only through effective regionalization, which significantly increases the requirements for the formation and use of the financial potential of the regions, which requires the development of strategic priorities for public financial management of the region as a whole. The research methodology involved the use of modern theoretical methods of analysis within the framework of dialectics. As a result of the analysis, the key aspects of the budgetary mechanism of the national model of economic development in Ukraine were characterized. It is concluded that, the study has a number of limitations in conducting a purely theoretical analysis. Further research should be devoted to the examination of digital technologies for the formation of the budget mechanism of the national model of economic development, among other aspects.