bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School education for postponing the end of the world? The illusion of sustainable capitalism and the education in the work Ailton Krenak
Authors: Leão Maria Sandra Montenegro Silva , Barbosa Márcia Regina
Published: July 2024

The objective of this bibliographical research was to develop a more rigorous reflection on the contradictions between sustainable capitalism and some of Ailton Krenak's ideas about school education. Mainly because this author is a critic of the destructive process that planet Earth is going through, a result of the predatory mechanisms engendered by marketing practices. The methodology used was qualitative, bibliographic, and sought to answer the question: what is the role of school education in postponing the end of the world? The conclusion is yes, school education is relevant to reconfigure this situation of environmental destruction, but it is necessary to change the ways in which we experience the educational process.
Prevalence of chronic diseases and obstetric complications of pregnant women assisted in primary health care
Authors: Fogaça Juan Portella Braga , Marchiori Mara Regina Caino Teixeira , Dos Santos Naiana Oliveira , Marques Clândio Timm , Rodrigues Júnior Luiz Fernando , De Soliz Paola Piovenzano , Soccol Keity Laís Siepmann
Published: July 2024

Objective: to verify the prevalence of chronic diseases and associate them with obstetric complications in pregnant women assisted in Primary Health Care. Method: Analytical cross-sectional study, conducted by searching electronic medical records of pregnant women treated in a Family Health Strategy in a city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Results: There was no association between systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity with hemorrhage, premature birth and late birth. In the case of premature birth, pregnant women with SAH had an approximately 1.9 times higher risk compared to those who did not have this comorbidity. With regard to pregnant women who are obese, the risk of premature birth was approximately 2.5 times higher compared to women who are not obese. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need to monitor pregnant women in prenatal consultations in Primary Health Care and serve as important guidelines for the planning and implementation of health interventions aimed at chronic diseases and obstetric complications in pregnant women.
Early selection of eucalyptus hybrids tolerant to water deficit, pests, and diseases
Authors: Baesso Gustavo , Paixão Camila Ferreira , Santos Gleison Augusto dos , Souza Genaina Aparecida de , Canal Guilherme Bravim , Pimenta Thaline Martins , Caiafa Karine Fernandes , Lorenzoni André Peixoto
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study was to perform early selection of the best progenies for traits related to tolerance to water deficit, pests, and diseases in Eucalyptus progeny tests. The experimental trials were set up in a randomized block design, with one plant per plot, and 20 replicates across three distinct locations (Buritizeiro/MG, Bocaiúva/MG, and Inhambupe/BA). At 6 months of age, the tested families were evaluated in terms of mean annual increment (MAI) and tolerance to pests and diseases. The analyses were conducted based on the genetic-statistics procedure of mixed models via REML/BLUP. The selection process was based on the estimated genetic values for the families, associating both traits in analyses using selection indices, namely the Multiplicative Selection Index and the Mulamba and Mock Selection Index, which allowed simultaneous selection for productivity (MAI) and tolerance to biotic agents. In Buritizeiro/MG and Bocaiúva/MG, plant tolerance to the psyllid (Glycaspis brimblecombei) was evaluated, while in Inhambupe/BA, tolerance to eucalyptus rust (Austropuccinia psidii) was assessed. For the trait of tolerance to biotic agents, heritabilities (hg2) were moderate across the three sites, with values of 0.20, 0.26, and 0.24 in Buritizeiro, Bocaiúva, and Inhambupe, respectively. The use of the Multiplicative Index (MI) and Mulamba and Mock Index (MMI) enabled the selection of genetic materials with better performance for both traits simultaneously.
Ömer Seyfettin Hikâyelerine Hadislerle Oluşan Değerlerimiz Açısından Eleştirel Bir Bakış (Pireler Hikâyesi Örneği)
Authors: Ertuğay Recep
Published: July 2024

Ömer Seyfettin, edebiyatımızın etkin hikâye yazarlarından biridir. 160 civarında hikâye kaleme almıştır. Şiirleri ve romanları da olan yazar, hikâyecilik yönüyle ön plana çıkmıştır. Yazarın hikâyeleri Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının okunmasını tavsiye ettiği eserler arasında yer almaktadır ve ilkokuldan itibaren eğitim kademelerinde çokça okunmaktadır. Çokça okunuyor olmasında Ömer Seyfettin’in edebî kişiliğinin yanında millî ve dinî değerlerimize bağlı bir şahsiyet olarak bilinmesi de önemli bir faktör olmalıdır. Fakat Ömer Seyfettin’in “Pireler” adlı hikâyesi, şaşırtıcı bir o kadar da düşündürücüdür. Hasta olan bir köpek üzerine inşa edilmiş bu hikâyede; bir insanın özel hallerini araştırma yasağının ihlâli, ticâret ahlâkına aykırı ifşaatlar, evde köpek beslemeyi meşrulaştırma, nikâhsız birliktelikleri normalleştirme, kendi milletini küçük düşürme, dua etmeyi küçümseme, gibi zararlı olduğunu düşündüğümüz içerikler yer almaktadır. Hikâye Hz. Peygamber Aleyhi’s-Selâm’ın beş şey fıtrattandır hadisine de açıkça aykırı hususlar barındırmaktadır. Bir insanın hayat felsefesini şekillendiren etmenlerden birisi belki de en önemlisi okuduğu kitaplardır. Ülkemizde ilk ve orta dereceli okullardan Ömer Seyfettin hikâyesi okumadan mezun olan bir öğrenci yok gibidir. Bu yönüyle Ömer Seyfettin daha da dikkat çekmektedir. Pireler adlı hikâye; değerlerimizi örseleyen içerikler barındırması sebebiyle yetkililerin, öğretmenlerin, ebeveynlerin ve okuyucuların dikkatine sunulmak üzere Hz. Peygamber’in hadisleri ışığında incelenecektir
De la transición internacional al aprendizaje de la democracia
Authors: Whitehead Laurence
Published: July 2024

Comencé mi carrera en este campo como uno de los autores y editores del proyecto de cuatro volúmenes “Transiciones del gobierno autoritario” publicado por John Hopkins University Press hace treinta y un años. Empezaré este discurso reflexionando sobre la evolución de la relación entre los conceptos respectivos de "transición y aprendizaje".
Exploring Innovation Success Factors and Strategies for B2B Platforms in the Manufacturing Sector in Germany
Authors: Köelmel Bernhard , Brugger Tanja , Kuehn Ansgar , Borsch Max , Rath Marcel , Maier Maximilian , Peter Moritz , Kilian-Yasin Katharina , Galler Viola
Published: July 2024

Objective: Business-to-business (B2B) platforms in the manufacturing sector have a profound impact on the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, there is still a lack of research on this topic. The primary objective of this study is to explore the existing landscape of B2B platforms and thoroughly assess the benefits and challenges for companies using them, in order begin to fill the identified research gap. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of B2B platforms in the German manufacturing sector and their profound influence on the digital transformation of SMEs. Methods: Within the scope of our in-depth analysis of the current state of B2B platforms, a meticulous review of relevant literature is conducted following the approach of Brocke et al. and a comprehensive analysis of both industry-specific and cross-industry best practices on B2B platforms is performed. In addition, the research includes in-depth interviews with platform providers, partners, and academic experts to enhance the depth of understanding. We identify the factors that contribute to their adoption as well as those that hinder their integration, providing the basis for successful innovation. The viability of the concept is assessed through a comprehensive evaluation methodology involving platform operators. Results: By providing an in-depth assessment of the benefits and challenges faced by companies using B2B platforms, this work contributes to filling existing research gaps. It identifies factors that contribute to their adoption and those that hinder their integration, thus laying the foundation for successful innovation. Finally, it proposes forward-looking guidelines that will enable SMEs to capitalize on the transformative capabilities of these platforms in the future. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that SMEs can reap numerous benefits from B2B platforms, such as increades efficiency, optimal use of resources, and access to previously untapped markets. However, certain barriers, including the high costs associated with implementation and a prevailing lack of trust among platform users, serve as obstacles to their widespread adoption. The results of this research provide important insights into the current state of B2B platforms and their potential to drive digital transformation. This research advances academic understanding in this area, and provides valuable knowledge for companies seeking to navigate the landscape of B2B platforms and their role in driving digital transformation as a foundation for innovation.
Oil Revenue, Institutional Quality and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Balogun Afolabi Q. , Obele Tolulope E. , Adeniyi Toibu M.
Published: July 2024

This study examined the interaction of oil revenue and institutional quality on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 1993 - 2022. The World Development Indicator (WDI) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin were the sources of the annual time series data used in this study. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique, findings reveal that oil revenue impacts economic growth positively in the short-run but negatively in the long run, while institutional quality exhibits positive impact in both the short-run and long-run period. It was also discovered that the interaction of oil revenue and economic growth could enhance economic growth in Nigerian both in the short-run and long-run period. Access to clean fuels and technologies contributes positively to economic growth in both short-run and long-run period, while fiscal policy rating only has statistically significant positive association with economic growth in Nigeria over the observed period. This study therefore recommends the need to strengthen political institutions for effective utilization of oil revenue, and implementation of strategic diversification policies for the development of other sectors in the economy for economic prosperity in Nigeria.
Variations in the Adoption and Use of Different Family Planning Methods and Implications: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in Nigeria
Authors: Adebola Femi B. , Ononokpono Dorothy N. , Adebola Olukemi G. , Ewemooje Olusegun S. , Adediran Adetola A. , Oboh Ganiyu , Jibasen Danjuma , Metiboba Steve
Published: July 2024

Despite concerted efforts by all stakeholders to increase acceptability and access to modern family planning (FP) methods, the adoption and usage of family planning methods have remained low, particularly in developing countries which place stringent conditions on achieving SDGs. Therefore, there is the need to understand variations in the adoption and use of FP and their implications to speed-up interventions in the right direction. The study used cross-sectional data collected between June and August 2022 in 2,817 households with 6,641 males and females of reproductive age successfully interviewed. Univariate, bivariate, and binary multivariate logistic regression model were used to model traditional and modern FP usage. Awareness was shown to be approximately two-thirds (62.8%) among respondents with main source of information being radio. Major methods of awareness are condom and pills. In terms of significant others’ support enjoyed, 43.5%, 38.5% and 39.5% enjoyed their mother, mother-in-law, and community support, respectively. Religion, region and parent’s parity were significant predictors of traditional method usage. Living in the North-Western region, increase in education, being gainfully employed, increase in years of marriage and exposure to media increase the use of modern methods of FP, whereas living in the rural areas (AOR = 0.76; CI = 0.58-1.00) and partner FP approval (AOR = 0.64; CI = 0.48-0.85) significantly reduce usage. Diverse variations have been identified in the adoption and usage of FP. To improve utilisation, appropriate education and accurate information through radio and mass media must be provided in rural areas and regions where FP usage is low.
Analysis of Investment Trends, Innovation and its Impact on Cabotage and Local Content Regime: Nigerian Experience from Businesses in Oil and Gas and Maritime Industries
Authors: Adeyemi Omolade S. , Olubiyi Timilehin O.
Published: July 2024

This study looks into how Nigeria's oil and gas and maritime industries are affected by laws against cabotage and local content, with particular attention to employment rates, investment trends, technological developments, and communication. The study adopts the quantitative survey methodology. The target population comprises 358 oil and gas and maritime industries’ employees. Stratified random sampling was adopted to size the population into strata. Data was collected through a closed-ended structured questionnaire. The study used the primary and secondary data sources. The study examines the effects of local content and cabotage regulations in the two sectors, evaluating theories about employment rates, innovation, and investment trends. The result showed that there was a positive and significant effect of investment trend and innovation on cabotage law in the oil and gas industry in Nigeria (t-statistics (43.312) > critical value (0.000). Also, the study revealed that there was a positive and significant effect of investment trends and innovation on local content law in the oil and gas and maritime industry in Nigeria (t-statistics (48.491) > critical value (0.000). The findings show a strong positive correlation between compliance with these regulations and investment patterns. Turning barriers/obstacles into opportunities has proven to need effective innovation. The study recommends that policy improvement, improved innovative capacity, industry cooperation, monitoring, and enforcement will help improve compliance with the regulations and enhance investment patterns/innovation.
Construcción de un modelo para predecir la morosidad de cartera
Authors: Bedoya Rios Soralla , Herrera Arbeláez Daniela
Published: July 2024

Existe una real e importante necesidad en el sistema financiero, principalmente en Colombia, de aplicar este tipo de modelos de predicción de morosidad, pues, si bien las entidades realizan una recolección de datos y existe una operación humana involucrada en el análisis de otorgamientos, hace falta una herramienta que permita tener una visión más profunda del análisis de los registros y una evaluación que permita tomar decisiones confiables. Si bien, siempre va a existir un riesgo y en muchas ocasiones la morosidad se va a presentar, es valioso poder reducir la misma con base en un modelo que realice una evaluación a priori. Adicional a la necesidad, se encuentra que existen diversas técnicas que suelen ser utilizadas para este tipo de modelos predictivos, tales como Regresión logística, redes neuronales, árboles de decisión. Las cuales contando con un conjunto de datos actualizados y verídicos arrojan resultados muy confiables que contribuyen a buenas prácticas de manejo del sector financiero y una clasificación adecuada de los clientes, tanto nuevos como los existentes, que requieren un nuevo otorgamiento crediticio.
Predicción y control del Trastorno por déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad en adultos: Una revisión de literatura
Authors: Ordosgoitia Salgado Juan , Díaz Montoya Andrés David , Restrepo Zuluaga Juan José
Published: July 2024

La investigación aborda la necesidad de mejorar el diagnóstico y tratamiento del Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) en adultos. Se propone utilizar técnicas de machine learning (ML) para desarrollar herramientas de predicción y diagnóstico temprano, así como estrategias de intervención personalizadas. Se llevó a cabo una exhaustiva Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (RSL) utilizando bases de datos especializadas como PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect y SpringerLink, con criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos. Los hallazgos revelaron la eficacia de enfoques personalizados, que consideran factores individuales como el estilo de vida y el entorno social, además de los síntomas clínicos. Estos enfoques no solo mejoraron la precisión del diagnóstico, sino que también permitieron diseñar estrategias de tratamiento adaptadas a las necesidades de cada paciente. Esto resalta la importancia de integrar técnicas de ML en la personalización de intervenciones para mejorar la calidad de vida de los adultos con TDAH.
Propuesta de una plataforma de código abierto para el Internet de las Cosas como estrategia didáctica para la Escuela de TIC del Politécnico Grancolombiano
Authors: Vergara Neider , Aguirre David , Ávila Gabriel
Published: July 2024

Los estudiantes de la Escuela TIC del Politécnico Grancolombiano carecen de herramientas de despliegue y alojamiento para sus proyectos de Internet de las Cosas (IoT), lo que los lleva a utilizar recursos externos y limita su comprensión del contexto en telecomunicaciones y sistemas de información. Para abordar esta situación, se construyó una secuencia didáctica apoyada en un ecosistema IoT ajustado a las necesidades y posibilidades de la institución. Este ecosistema se constituyó a partir de software de código abierto. El resultado es una arquitectura de IoT que, en conjunto con la secuencia construccionista, habilita a los estudiantes para el desarrollo de proyectos y prácticas educativas en la Escuela. Esta infraestructura IoT propia tiene la particularidad de crecer con los objetos construidos por lo estudiantes, mientras interactúan con la secuencia. La solución es económica y está lista para un piloto con estudiantes, brindando una valiosa oportunidad de aprendizaje. Este enfoque aborda las limitaciones actuales en las actividades de los estudiantes, mejorando su comprensión y capacidades en el ámbito de las TIC.
Increasing the yield of cotton crops by processing with structured signals using quantum technology
Authors: Махмаджанов С.П. , Тохетова Л.А. , Дәуренбек Н.М. , Костаков А.К. , Тагаев А.М. , Махмаджанов Д.С.
Published: July 2024

Целью исследований было испытание влияния квантовой технологии на повышение урожайности, а также на технологические качества волокна, такие как длина волокна, выход волокна, микронейр. Все проводимые фенологические наблюдения проводились по общепринятой в селекционно-семеноводческой работе методике авторов Н.Г. Симонгулян, А.Н. Шафрина, С.Р. Мухамеджанова «Генетика, селекция и семеноводство хлопчатника». Полученные данные обрабатывались по методике Перегудова В.Н. Учитывались: всхожесть, фаза бутонизации, фаза 50-100% цветения, фаза созревания, урожайность определяли по учетным делянкам. Было заложено три варианта опыта на сорте хлопчатника Мактаарал-4011: 1. Обрабатываемый только квантовыми технологиями повышения урожайности + инсектициды (производится полив) – 4,0 га; 2. Контроль - 5,6 га; 3. Обрабатываемый с использованием стандартных агротехнических мероприятий и повышения урожайности с помощью квантовых технологий– 21,1 га. В ходе экспериментов было выявлено, что лучшие результаты были получены в вариантах 1 и 3 с использованием квантовой технологии. Урожайность на этих вариантах составила 32,1-33,4 ц/га, а в контрольном - 24,2 ц/га. По параметрам длины волокна, выхода волокна и микронейр показатели были намного выше, чем в контрольном варианте, где не использовалась квантовая технология.

The purpose of the study is to test the effect of quantum technology on increasing yields, as well as on the technological qualities of the fiber, such as fiber length, fiber yield, micronaire. All phenological observations were carried out according to the method generally accepted in selection and seed production by the authors N.G. Simongulyan, A.N. Shafrina, S.R. Mukhamedzhanov “Genetics, selection and seed production of cotton”. The data obtained were processed according to the method of V.N. Peregudov. During the experiment, the following parameters were taken into account: germination, budding phase, 50-100% flowering phase, ripening phase, yield was determined based on census plots. Three variants of the experiment were carried out on the cotton variety Maktaaral-4011: 1. Processed only with quantum technology for increasing productivity + insecticides (irrigation was carried out) - 4.0 ha; 2. Control - 5.6 ha; 3. Processed using standard agrotechnical measures and increasing yields using quantum technology – 21.1 hectares.The experiments showed that the best results were obtained in options 1 and 3 using quantum technology. The yield in these options was 32.1- 33.4 c/ha, and in the control - 24.2 c/ha. In terms of fiber length, fiber yield and micronaire, the indicators were much higher than in the control version, where quantum technology was not used.
Três momentos pedagógicos: velas aromáticas no ensino de química orgânica da educação básica
Authors: Peixoto Sandra Cadore , Silva Maximiliano Oliveira da , Lima Roberta Medianeira dos Santos , Pretto Valdir
Published: July 2024

A química orgânica é um ramo que estuda os compostos orgânicos, em que aprendizagem de química deve possibilitar aos alunos a compreensão das transformações químicas que ocorrem no mundo físico de forma abrangente e integrada. Nesse contexto, a aula prática é uma maneira eficiente de ensinar e melhorar o entendimento dos conteúdos de química, facilitando a aprendizagem, e com base nos documentos oficiais que norteiam o ensino. A fim de proporcionar a integração entre esses conceitos, o presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta que faz a interlocução dos Três Momentos Pedagógicos com a química orgânica e com a produção de velas aromáticas. Dessa forma, tem como objetivo abordar conceitos de Química Orgânica da Educação Básica associados à produção de vela aromática com alunos do Ensino Médio, por meio dos Três Momentos Pedagógicos. Através dessa metodologia, fez-se a abordagem de conceitos químicos cíentificos como um tema gerador de novos conhecimentos. A proposta foi aplicada com aluno regularmente matriculados no 3º ano do ensino médio, de uma escola privada, do município de Santiago, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Com essa atividade os alunos tiveram a oportunidade de estudar um pouco mais sobre hicrocarbonetos, cadeias carbônicas, nomenclatura dos compostos orgânicos, funções orgânicas, entre outros. Constatou-se que a metodologia desenvolvida proporcionou grande envolvimento dos estudantes, visto que os alunos foram instigados a compreender melhor alguns conceitos de Química Orgânica, a relacionar a importância da aula prática para o aprendizado teórico, além de despertar interesse para a inovação científica e para o empreendedorismo, considerando o contexto dos alunos.
Análise da emissão dos materiais particulados em Manhuaçu-MG e sua correlação com atendimentos por doenças respiratórias
Authors: Cantamissa Mariana Louback Dias , Satler Leandro Dutra , Silva Márcia Giovane Rodrigues da , Silva Juliana Santiago da
Published: July 2024

Este estudo analisa a emissão dos materiais particulados PM10 e PM2,5 no período em que ocorrem os eventos sazonais de queima de biomassa e correlaciona com número de atendimentos por doenças e/ou agravos respiratórios na Unidade de Atendimento Intermediário (UAI) da cidade de Manhuaçu/MG. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo. O levantamento de dados ocorreu no período de agosto de 2022 a julho de 2023, por meio do medidor portátil de partículas a laser que mediu as concentrações de PM10 e PM2,5. Os dados do número de atendimento das doenças respiratórias no período foram solicitados à UAI com intuito de correlacionar se o período de eventos geradores de poluentes impactou no número de atendimentos em comparação com o período em que esses eventos não estavam presentes. A amostra dos níveis dos materiais particulados em suspensão no período de coleta estiveram acimas dos níveis considerados bons à saúde conforme recomendação da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), chegando a níveis médios de 159,3mcg das partículas de PM2,5 e 250,7mcg de partículas de PM10. Os resultados encontrados reforçam o conceito de que poluição atmosférica é um fator de risco para os seres humanos promovendo efeitos adversos na saúde.
Comparison of Short Cervical Lengths in Singleton and Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Azeem Nabila , Starnes Victoria , Van Hook James , Khurshid Nauman
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Multifetal gestations are six times more likely to give birth preterm and 13 times more likely to give birth before 32 weeks gestation than women with singleton gestation (Martin et al, 2014-2018). Abnormal cervical shortening measured with transvaginal ultrasonography has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (Iams et al, 1996). In singleton pregnancies, midtrimester cervical length of less than 2.5 cm measured between 16-24 weeks has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth in a variety of screened populations (Crane, JM., Hutchens, D., 2008). In twin pregnancies, a shortened cervix in the second trimester is more common than in singleton pregnancies and can be a predictor of early preterm birth (Yang et al, 2000). Current guidelines from ACOG, state that the data is insufficient to recommend for or against routine endovaginal ultrasound screening of cervical length in twin pregnancy. Our aim was to determine if twin gestations have shorter cervical lengths than singletons at the time of midtrimester anatomy scan, and to investigate the correlation of cervical length with the likelihood of spontaneous preterm birth.

Methods: Retrospective chart review between January 2016-January 2022 identified patients with cervical shortening (<2.5 cm) at the time of mid-trimester anatomical ultrasound exam. Exams were performed at the Maternal Fetal Medicine Department at Promedica Toledo Hospital between 16 and 24 weeks’ gestation. Cervical lengths and delivery data were collected and analyzed.

Results: 122 patients met inclusion criteria, with 95(78%) singleton pregnancies, and 27(22%) twin gestations. Singleton gestations had an average short cervical length of 1.8 ± 0.6cm, whereas twin gestations had an average short cervical length of 1.29 ± 0.55cm (p<0.0001). Twin gestations were more likely than singleton gestations to have a very short cervical length <1.5cm (OR=6.75, 95% CI 2.59-17.58, p =0.0001). Average gestational age of delivery for singleton gestations identified with a short cervix was 35w6d ± 4w4d, whereas the average age at delivery for twin gestations was 31w6d ± 5w6d (p=0.0002).

Discussion: Our results are consistent with previous reports that cervical shortening is more common in twin pregnancies than singleton pregnancies. Our results suggest that twins are more likely to have a very short cervical length identified in between 16-24 weeks. In addition, twin gestations with abnormal cervical shortening deliver at earlier gestational ages in comparison to singleton gestations with abnormal cervical shortening. Obtaining transvaginal cervical lengths at 16-24 weeks gestation allows for earlier identification of shortened cervical length. Ongoing research may identify interventions which are consistently effective in preterm birth prevention in twin gestation.
Latent Class Analysis of Dietary Intake and Organic Food Consumption in a Midwest Cohort of Pregnant Individuals
Authors: Jampa Alekhya , Moss Kevin , Daggy Joanne , Guise David , Flannery Kathleen , Monahan Patrick , Haas David
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The objective of the study was to describe food consumption patterns over the trimesters throughout pregnancy in a prospective obstetric cohort. We planned to characterize patterns of overall food and organic food consumption into groups using a latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods: A Midwest pregnancy cohort self-reported dietary food intake and percent of foods of each type that they consumed which were organic on a questionnaire. This was administered multiple times during pregnancy. The food frequency questionnaire was designed for this study and contained questions related to 89 food categories. The questionnaire was completed once in each trimester, after they were enrolled into the study. The cohort has responses across the 13 food domains were grouped by a LCA process demonstrating separation of the cohort by higher or lower consumption of fruits, vegetables, and berries and percentage of those foods where organics were consumed. The organic percentage in each food was categorized as low (0-10%) and significant (anything > 10%). Demographic characteristics were compared between LCA groups.

Results: Valid responses were analyzed from 359 participants. The LCA best model grouped participants into 3 groups: I- high fruits, vegetables and berries, with significant organic use; II- high fruits, vegetables, and berries, with low or no organic use; and III- low fruits, vegetables, and berries with low organic use . Using this grouping, there were 84 (23.4%) in Class I, 153 (42.6%) in Class II, and 122 (34.0%) in Class III. There were significant differences in racial distribution in the groups, with lower rates of Caucasians in Class II and higher rates of Hispanic women in reporting Class I. We observed that 50% of African American women were grouped into Class III. Women in class III tended to be younger (p=0.01), unmarried (52.4%, p<0.001), have less than college degree attainment (p=0.0005), be of lower income (p<0.001), and be a current smoker (p=0.03). -While not statistically significant, living in an urban area was higher for those in Class III than in Class I or II. - Participants living in rural areas were reported significant organic food consumption 18.6%, compared to 24.1% of those in suburban areas and 23.1% in urban areas (p=0.36). 23.1% of rural-dwelling participants were grouped in Class III compared to 31.9% of those in suburban areas and 35.3% of those in urban areas. (p=0.36).

Conclusion: Self-reported food consumption in this pregnancy cohort was categorized in 3 classes based on consumption of fruits, vegetables, and berries and the percentage of foods consumed that were organic. These Classes were associated with multiple maternal characteristics. This may indicate opportunities for dietary education interventions for pregnant individuals.
Evaluation of a Patient-Centered Perioperative Curriculum: A Pilot Study
Authors: Warner Kristina , Tamkus Saule , Godecker Amy , Heisler Christine
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To evaluate a standardized patient perioperative education curriculum for women undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery.

Materials and Methods: We performed a feasibility study to examine the practicality of a group-based, perioperative patient-centered educational curriculum (PPEC). Adult (≥ 18 years) English-speaking women undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and/or stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at a single center from February 2020 to March 2020 were approached to complete a PPEC session instead of receiving usual perioperative counseling. In-person PPEC sessions were facilitated by one Registered Nurse and attended by 2-4 patients and their support people 2 weeks before surgery. Patients undergoing SUI and POP surgeries were combined in each session. Recruitment was halted prematurely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The content of the PPEC incorporated information about health optimization, details regarding the day of surgery, and instructions for postoperative care including pain, urinary and bowel management. A questionnaire assessing six aspects of patient preparedness was completed prior to (pre) and immediately following (post) course completion. Each question was self-rated on a scale of preparedness from 0 (not at all) to 10 (proficient). The primary outcome was change in self-assessed patient preparedness for pelvic reconstructive surgery. Median and interquartile range of pre- and post-course scores for each question are reported and the Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test was used to test significance of differences.

Results: A total of 16 patients were included in this pilot study. Patient preparedness was significantly improved among all domains for patients who completed the PPEC session. Prior to PPEC, patients self-reported they were most prepared in how to be healthy for surgery. The greatest difference in pre- to post-PPEC preparedness self-reported scores was in what to expect during hospital admission.

Conclusion: Our novel approach to perioperative counseling through a standardized educational curriculum offered to mixed groups of patients undergoing SUI and/or POP surgery was associated with significant improvements in patient preparedness for surgery.
SCREENING OF WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS UNDER THE SCENARIO OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: SARWAR MA , YAR US , AMIN HAB , MUNIR T , IQBAL HI , AHSAN MT , UMAR F , RABNAWAZ . , HUSSAIN MI , ALI S , IQBAL RA , QASIM M
Published: July 2024

The top-ranked crop in cereals, wheat feeds people around the globe more than any other food crop, with a diversity of uses in the food industry. The global production of wheat is 250 million tons which is still not enough to address the needs of the ever-increasing human population. Wheat plays a vital role in the human diet because it is the source of protein, carbohydrates, and calories. Due to its wider adaptation wheat is sown as a rain-fed and irrigated crop. Drought upsets the crop during all growth and developmental stages and all these stages of the crop are not equally affected by the drought. At initial growth stages, water stress reduces plant emergence and germination and causes a reduction in plant growth by reducing its height, number of productive tillers, and total leaf surface area.  When drought occurs at anthesis it reduces the percentage of fertile spikelets. This research aimed to check the response of wheat genotypes under drought stress for different morphological attributes at the maturity stage. Significant results were obtained under drought and normal conditions. The data were further analyzed under PCA for the selection of best genotypes under normal and stress conditions. Zincol performed well under both conditions. Results obtained from this research will be useful in selecting the best genotypes for rainfed and water-stress environments in future breeding programs.
Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine on the Menstrual Health
Authors: Al-Azawi Sarah Muafaq , Al-Wazzan Raida
Published: July 2024

Background: The implementation of vaccines is a major step in saving humanity from the consequences of COVID-19, and there has become hope for everyone in the world. Menstruation is a key indicator of overall women's health. The COVID-19 vaccination has been associated with changes in the menstrual cycle. Objective: To evaluate the effects of COVID-19 vaccines on the menstrual cycle. Methods: This is a face-to-face interview-based cross-sectional study that recruited 403 vaccinated women with the COVID-19 vaccine who had normal MC before receiving the vaccine for at least six months in Mosul, Iraq, from February 1 to July 31, 2022. We asked the women about their menstrual cycle parameters before and after the vaccination. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: The most frequent age group among study participants was 20–34 years (52.9%). About half of women (58.3%) had received the Pfizer vaccine. 12.2% and 13.65% of women reported significant changes in their menstrual cycle following the first and second doses, respectively. These changes included irregularities in the cycle and modifications in the amount and duration of menses, and the Pfizer vaccine was significantly responsible for these changes. Conclusions: In a small number of women who had a normal menstrual cycle before vaccination, post-Covid-19 vaccination menstrual cycle changes occurred, and the reported changes were not critical. This result can reassure the community about the vaccine's impact on the menstrual cycle.
Deep Learning Driven Automated Red Palm Weevil Detection Using Sparrow Search Optimization
Authors: Narek Narek ,   University of Debrecen, Department of Mathematical and Computational Science, Debrecen, Hungary,   University of Debrecen, Department of Mathematical and Computational Science, Debrecen, Hungary, Barry Warshine
Published: July 2024

In recent decades, Red Palm Weevils (RPW) have been demonstrated as a harmful pest of palm trees worldwide, predominantly in the Middle East. The RPW is produced massive damage to several palm varieties. Primary detection of the RPW is a complex problem to optimum date production while the recognition is avoided by palm trees as to be influenced by RPW. Several studies are driven to determine a precise approach for the detection, localization, and classification of RPW pests. Employing computer vision (CV) technology with pattern detection is verified that further productive once utilized for identifying and classifying insects. Thus, the automated method decreases either the problem or labor effort required for enhancing the farmer's income. The farmers can be stimulated to enhance the productivity of date fruit once this has been done. With this motivation, this article focuses on the design of automated RPW pest detection using sparrow search optimization with deep learning (RPWPD-SSODL) technique. The presented RPWPD-SSODL algorithm mostly focused on the detection and classification of RPW using computer vision approaches. To accomplish this, the RPWPD-SSODL technique employs bilateral filtering (BF) for noise removal. Next, the RPWPD-SSODL technique uses Dense-RefineDet object detector with ShuffleNet model as a backbone network. For improving the recognition solution, the hyperparameter tuning of the ShuffleNet model can be optimally adjusted using the SSO algorithm. To validate the simulation results of the RPWPD-SSODL technique, a wide-ranging simulation outcome is implemented. The simulation values potrayed the improvement of the RPWPD-SSODL algorithm over other approaches under several measures.
Deep Learning-Based model for Medical Image Compression
Authors: Saad Saad ,   Department of Software College of Information Technology University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq,   Department of Software College of Information Technology University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq, AL-Assadi Tawfiq A. AL
Published: July 2024

Efficient compression algorithms are required to handle the growing amount of medical picture data, ensuring that storage and transmission requirements are met without compromising diagnostic quality. This research presents a hybrid image compression framework that integrates deep learning alongside standard lossless compression techniques. A convolutional autoencoder (CAE) learns a compact representation of medical images, which are subsequently compressed using the Brotli algorithm. Our technique beats conventional approaches, like JPEG, JPEG2000, and wavelet-based ones, according to an analysis of a brain MRI dataset. It maintains competitive compression ratios while producing higher (PSNR) and (MSE), indicating higher picture integrity and low information loss. To strike a good balance between the critical need for accurate diagnosis and the economical use of resources, this study offers a possible method for compressing medical images.
Trends in Preoperative Outcome Measures From 2013 to 2021 in Patients Undergoing Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Hamersly Jackson S. , Deckard Evan R. , Meneghini R. Michael , Sonn Kevin A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

The prevalence of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) continues to increase exponentially. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used to define clinical and quality-of-life improvement and for reimbursement. Temporal trends of preoperative PROMs and specifically how COVID-19 has affected these PROMs is lacking. This study evaluated preoperative PROMs over time, whether medical factors affected preoperative PROMs, and what correlations the COVID-19 pandemic had with these trends in PROMs.

Methods:

A total of 3,014 patients who underwent primary total hip total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty from 2013 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed for covariates and preoperative PROMs. Commonly reported preoperative PROMs were evaluated in univariate and multivariate models.

Results:

Preoperative activity level steadily increased from 2015 to 2021 for THAs and steadily increased from 2015 to 2019 for TKAs, followed by a decrease in 2020. Preoperative KOOS JR scores increased from 2016 to 2019 and then decreased in 2020 and 2021. Preoperative knee pain with level walking and climbing stairs steadily increased from 2013 to 2019, with additional increases in 2020. The COVID-19 era was significantly associated with higher activity levels for THAs, higher levels of pain with level walking, and lower KOOS JR scores. Preoperative PROM scores demonstrated correlations with postoperative PROM scores, which differed from that during the COVID era (rho range 0.105 to 0.391) at a mean of 2.0 years postoperatively.

Discussion:

Surgical delays because of COVID-19 were associated with increased preoperative disability as evidenced by lower activity levels. Aside from this pandemic era, patient activity levels increased over time, indicating that modern TJA patients are more active preoperatively and likely to demand higher levels of function after surgery. Additional studies should evaluate the clinical effect of these statistically significant findings. Providers should consider the trends in preoperative PROMs over time when counseling patients on expectations after TJA.
Internationale Perspektiven in der Kontaktlinsenanpassung
Authors: Jonuscheit Sven
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Contact lenses are global health care products (medical devices) and are fitted routinely in many countries. Key indications for contact lenses are the correction of ametropias, myopia progression control, and cosmetic reasons, occasionally also therapeutic applications. The article is based on a lecture that was presented at the VDCO Sichtkontakte Conference in Berlin 2023. The purpose of this article was to provide an insight into international aspects of contact lens fitting to allow comparisons with contact lens fitting practice in predominantly German-speaking countries and to strengthen the evidence base. Material and Methods. Subjective non-representative selection of relevant literature. Results. Assessments of international practitioner fitting preferences are conducted frequently. Contact lens related research is being commonly carried out with the aim to optimise clinical care and to reduce drop-out rates. There are considerable geographical differences in contact lens fitting practice as well as in the assessment of opportunities and risks associated with contact lens practice among practitioners. Conclusion. Practitioners in Europe hold largely positive views of opportunities and risks in relation to contact lens practice. The published literature indicates that the areas of ortho-K and myopia control are being considered to present promising opportunities for contact lens practice. Further strengthening of the scientific evidence base, e.g. in relation to novel contact lens materials, is preferable to support advancements in contact lens care. Keywords International contact lens market, orthokeratology, therapeutic contact lenses, myopia control
Vergleich von Achslänge, Keratometrie und Refraktion zwischen DNEye Scanner 2+ und Myopia Master
Authors: Kirschner Lara , Hessler Philipp , Degle Stephan
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The aim of this study was to compare axial length outcomes between DNEye Scanner 2+ and Myopia Master. For this purpose the two available software modules Rodenstock Consulting and CNXT were used for axial length calculation. Axial length results of both software modules were compared with each other as well as with the results of the Myopia Master, which were used as a reference. In addition, keratometry readings and objective refraction between both devices were compared and the repeatability was evaluated. Material and Methods. In this prospective study 62 patients were enrolled and measured three times each with DNEye Scanner 2+ and Myopia Master. Axial length, keratometric readings and objective refraction were determined as well as a subjective refraction. One eye per individual was randomly selected and considered in this study. Results. The mean differences of axial length comparing Consulting and Myopia Master is 0.52 ± 0.53 mm, comparing CNXT and Myopia Master it is 0.07 ± 0.50 mm and comparing Consulting and CNXT it is 0.44 ± 0.23 mm. For the mean corneal refractive power the mean differences between DNEye Scanner and Myopia Master yielded 0.01 ± 0.24 and −0.10 ± 0.22 D for the spherical equivalent of the objective refraction. Conclusion. Due to the considerable scatter in axial length between DNEye Scanner 2+ and Myopia Master as a reference, results of Consulting and CNXT cannot be proposed for use in myopia management. Differences in keratometry readings and objective refraction are statistically significant but clinically irrelevant. Keywords Axial length, keratometry, DNEye Scanner, Rodenstock Consulting, CNXT, Myopia Master
Effects of Adrenaline Containing Local Anesthesia on Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose Levels Undergoing Tooth Extractions – A Comparative Study
Authors: Rehman Ijaz ur , Zeb Maham , Anwar Malik Adeel , Khalid Arsala , Tayyab Tahmasub Faraz , Siddique Kashif , Kushef Hooria
Published: July 2024

Exodontia, the most common dental procedure for damaged or decayed teeth, often utilizes local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors like adrenaline. Although effective, adrenaline can impact blood glucose levels and hemodynamic parameters, particularly in hypertensive and diabetic patients. Objectives: To compare changes in blood pressure and blood glucose levels among healthy, hypertensive and diabetic patients undergoing tooth extraction with adrenaline-containing local anesthesia. Methods: A total of 177 participants were split equally into three groups: healthy, hypertensive and diabetic. Prior to and twenty minutes’ post-injection, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels were measured while a local anesthetic containing 2% lignocaine HCL with 1: 100,000 adrenaline was administered. Sample paired t test and one-way ANOVA were employed in the analysis. Results: Among hypertensive patients, random blood glucose significantly decreased post-procedure (p=0.001), while systolic blood pressure significantly increased (p<0.001) and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased (p=0.021). Diabetic patients showed a non-significant decrease in glucose levels (p=0.209) but a significant increase in both systolic (p<0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.002). Healthy patients experienced a significant increase in systolic blood pressure (p=0.015) but no significant changes in glucose levels (p=0.873) or diastolic pressure (p=0.301). Conclusions: Adrenaline in local anesthesia significantly increases systolic blood pressure in all patient groups, with pronounced effects in hypertensive and diabetic patients. Changes in blood glucose were significant only in hypertensive patients, while changes in diabetic patients were non-significant. These findings highlight the need for careful monitoring and personalized management strategies in dental procedures to minimize potential adverse effects and ensure patient safety.