bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counseling for the Catastrophically Disabled: A Critical Need in the Medical Model
Authors: Irons Elaine , Irons Thomas R.
Published: June 2019

The intent of this article is to create greater awareness of a continuing problem in the medical rehabilitation of the catastrophically disabled. That problem is a need for counseling throughout the rehabilitation program. It is noted that without this element in the medical model there are numerous problems related to later adjustment, such as socialization, and sexual functioning. The authors comment on these areas of concern, and discuss what might be implemented to facilitate the total rehabilitation process.
A Concurrent Validity Study of the APTCOM's General Intelligence Scale: A Pilot Investigation
Authors: Alston Reginald J.
Published: June 2019

The general intelligence scale of the APT/COM computer-assisted vocational evaluation system was investigated for concurrent validity, using the Slosson Intelligence Test as the criterion. Fifteen university students with disabilities served as subjects in this pilot study. It was found that the APTICOM's intelligence scale is significantly correlated to the Slosson Intelligence Test. Implications for rehabilitation research and practice are discussed.
Right Hemisphere Cerebrovascular Accident and Its Effects on the Self-Concept
Authors: Mory Hannah Carlson
Published: June 2019

This paper is a practice-related exploration of right hemisphere cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) and their effects on the self-concept. While a variety of cognitive deficits are examined it is concluded that the self-concepts of people with right CVAs seemed to be most negatively affected by the Isolation and rejection imposed on them by friends and families in reaction to the patients' inappropriate or disinhiblted behavior. For the practicing rehabilitation counselor specific implications and recommendations are discussed.
An Overview of the Vocational Rehabilitation Process in a Long-Term Drug Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Zavolta Heidi , Rogoff Stephanie
Published: June 2019

This article discusses how the vocational rehabilitation process of the Phoenix House long-term drug treatment program operates within the structure of the therapeutic community (TC). Vocational rehabilitation and the “work as therapy” emphasis of the TC complement one another in providing drug abuse clients with the skills and values necessary to succeed in the world of work. Also presented is a discussion of how vocational training can lead to increased client employability, positive feelings of selfregard, and lower recidivism rates.
Benefits and Benefits Protection for Persons with Severe Disabilities Entering Supported Employment: A Guide for Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Moore Stephen C. , Powell Thomas H.
Published: June 2019

Integration has become a major focus for people with severe disabilities. One method of achieving integration is via supported employment programs. However, with supported employment comes the concern that the benefits gained by gainful employment may not match the benefits already being provided from public sources. In many cases these benefits need not be lost when a person with disabilities enters competitive, integrated employment. This article describes those public source benefits and describes how vocational rehabilitation counselors can maintain and protect those benefits for their consumers with severe disabilities who are in supported employment programs.
Differences in Coping Strategies Used by Fathers of Adolescents with Disabilities and Fathers of Adolescents Without Disabilities
Authors: Houser Rick , Seligman Milton
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation professionals have long been interested in how individuals and their families cope with a disability. Researchers have noted the significant impact particularly in the form of stress on family members when one family member has a disability. However, little is known about the specifics of how family members cope with the chronic stress of one member having a disability. A study was conducted to determine whether fathers of adolescents with mental retardation differed in the coping strategies they used in stressful situations involving their adolescent compared to fathers of adolescents without mental retardation. It was found that the fathers of adolescents with mental retardation used more emotion-focused coping strategies than fathers of non-retarded adolescents. The implications for rehabilitation professionals are discussed.
Comparison of Employees with Disabilities and Able-Bodied Workers in Janitorial Maintenance
Authors: Ondusko Dolores
Published: June 2019

Despite increased public awareness, persons with disabilities experience a high rate of unemployment. One obstacle that blocks their goal of economic autonomy is employers' concerns pertaining to job turnover, absenteeism, productivity, and career advancement. Most prior research has been focused on investigating co-workers' attitudes, assessing rehabilitation agencies and programs, and identifying why employers hesitate to hire persons with disabilities. This study explored the validity of these concerns by comparing employees with disabilities with their able-bodied co-workers. Subjects were selected from a company that participates in the Projects with Industry program. Due to specific concerns regarding employees with mental and/or emotional disabilities, the performance of this group was compared with that of persons with physical disabilities and able-bodied employees. In general, results indicated either no difference between persons with disabilities and able-bodied workers, or a higher level of performance for workers with disabilities. Implications based on the findings, and suggestions for further research are presented.
Clients' Functioning Level as Perceived by Clients and Rehabilitation Professionals
Authors: Matte Kenya B. , Crisler Jack R. , Campbell Linda , Woodruff Cynthia
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences existed in clients', referral counselors', and facility counselors' perceptions of the client's functioning level. A sample of clients, facility counselors at Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute and Georgia Division of Rehabilitation Services counselors were utilized in the study. Perceptions of functioning level were determined by utilization of the Client Goal Achievement Index (CGAI). The data were analyzed using paired t-tests. The following results were obtained: (1) Referral counselors and facility counselors viewed the clients' functioning level significantly differently; (2) Facility counselors and clients viewed the clients' functioning levels as significantly different; and (3) Referral counselors and clients viewed the clients' functioning levels as significantly different.
Rehabilitation Counseling and the Law: Critical Considerations of Confidentiality and Privilege, Malpractice, and Forensics
Authors: Vallario Joseph P. , Emener William G.
Published: June 2019

In the process of providing to their clients the highest quality of rehabilitation counseling services available within their profession, rehabilitation counselors are ethically obligated to remain cognizant of, and within, the law. Utilizing references from theoretical and research literature as well as examples from judicial caselaw, three areas of law critically applicable to the practice of rehabilitation counseling are presented and discussed: (a) confidentiality and privilege; (b) malpractice; and (c) forensics. Conclusions and relevant recommendations are offered to practicing rehabilitation counselors, professional rehabilitation counseling associations and rehabilitation counselor education.
Civil Rights Act of 1991
Authors: Riggar T.F. , Maki Dennis , Flowers Carl
Published: June 2019

Provides a synopsis of the findings and purposes of the new Civil Rights Act of 1991. The intent of the Act and an analysis of the seven Supreme Court decisions which the new law overrules are provided. Relevant civil rights laws, rules, and regulations are outlined.
Fostering Medical Compliance in Some Nigerian Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Boroflice O.B.
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the effect of an education program on the attitude toward service personnel and medication of sickle cell disease patients. Subjects were sixty registered sickle cell disease patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The subjects were randomly assigned to two treatment and one control groups. The first treatment group was exposed to the lecture method while the second had in addition, exposure to group interaction. The education protocol used included lectures on the cause, prognosis, prevention of sickle cell disease, and self care skills. The results showed that both methods were effective in enhancing a positive attitude.
Environmental Design for Individuals with Schizophrenia: An Assessment Tool
Authors: Gabb Betsy S. , Speicher Kathryn , Lodl Kathleen
Published: June 2019

The design of an interior environment may be expected to either contribute to dysfunctional behavior or support appropriate behavior to varying degrees. Based on the recognition of the need for change, this paper describes the process that was used by a public psychiatric facility to create a supportive environment of stabilization for individuals with schizophrenia and presents an assessment tool for the evaluation of similar treatment facilities.
Rehabilitation Counselors' Awareness of Client Alcohol Abuse Patterns
Authors: Ingraham Kirby , Kaplan Steven , Chan Fong
Published: June 2019

In this article, we examined the extent of alcohol abuse among several groups of individuals with other disabilities. We then compared our results with rehabilitation counselors estimates of alcohol abuse in the same client groups. One hundred and thirty-four rehabilitation clients were administered the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) at the time of initial interview to determine their level of alcohol consumption and/or abuse. The results indicated that clients with chronic mental illness and those with limitations resulting from physical trauma have a appreciably higher rate of alcohol abuse than the other identified client groups (those with congenital & developmental disabilities) or the general population. When we asked 40 rehabilitation counselors to estimate probable alcohol abuse rates for these client groups, we found that the counselors slightlyoverestimated alcohol abuse problems among people with congenital and development disabilities, and appreciably underestimated the prevalence of alcohol abuse among clients with physically induced trauma or chronic mentallllness. The results suggest that rehabilitation counselors may lack awareness about this “hidden disability,” within selected client groups, and, the results also imply a need for improved counselor training related to alcohol abuse issues in rehabilitation populations.
The Role of Women as Leaders in Rehabilitation: Changing to Meet the Times
Authors: Murray Susan E. , Keenan Deborah
Published: June 2019

This article reviews literature concerning trends. over the last thirty years in values and attitudes related to women as service-providers within the field of rehabilitation. Though recent trends have impacted women's roles, it is clear that the majority of women in rehabilitation fill positions of relatively low pay and status, such as counselor. It has been suggested that those in leadership positions, mostly men, endorse a professional hierarchy that maintains the subordinate status of women. Women who are leaders often encounter isolation and restricted opportunities for advancement. A survey was conducted of 21 female leaders in rehabilitation to examine their perceptions of career problems and opportunities. Factors influencing women's careers are discussed, along with the outlook for women in rehabilitation leadership in the 1990s.
On the Situation of African-American Women with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Hanna William John , Rogovsky Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

This paper explores a category of people with disabilities, African-American women, that is rarely studied by scholars and rarely the subject of education and training within the fields of medicine and rehabilitation, African-American women have a high incidence of physical disability; and among those with disabilities, their socioeconomic situation is less well off than would be predicted on the basis of general patterns of male-female, White-Black, nondisabled-disabled disparity. Drawing upon quantitative surveys as well as qualitative interviews, the authors explore factors which appear likely to contribute to the situation of African-American women with disabilities.
The Status of Women with Disabilities Revisited
Authors: Danek Marita M.
Published: June 2019

The past twenty years have witnessed a major evolution in the roles and lifestyles of all women. These changes have been equally evident in the lives of women with disabilities. This paper traces changes in society as a whole, notes how these changes have impacted women with disabilities differentially and asks the question, “Where do we go from here?”
Identifying the Employment Concerns of People with Spina Bifida
Authors: Schriner Kay F. , Roessler Richard T. , Johnson Pat
Published: June 2019

In response to a national mailing, 221 young people with spina bifida (M age = 24) who were members of the Adult Network of the Spina Bifida Association of America responded to an employment concerns questionnaire. Although 72% of the group had at least a high school education, 48% of the respondents were unemployed. Respondents cited as employment strengths self-confidence in their ability to work, encouraged by others to maintain self-control, and the benefit received from competitive employment. Deficiencies in health insurance, employment discrimination, lack of career preparation and placement, and lack of involvement in planning their rehabilitation programs were top priority employment problems. Adult Network members attending the National Spina Bifida Association Meeting in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1990 recommended strategies for improving current employment policies and practices.
Acculturation, Biculturalism, and the Rehabilitation of Mexican Americans
Authors: Smart Julie F. , Smart David W.
Published: June 2019

This article attempts to integrate findings in the following areas: the acculturation and biculturalism processes of Mexican Americans, the measurement and assessment of acculturalism and biculturalism, and possible relationships between acculturation of Mexican Americans and rehabilitation practice. Acculturation can be behavioral, psychological, and/or sociocultural and is generally thought of as the acquisition of a second culture. Implications for rehabilitation practice are given.
Parent/Guardian Satisfaction with the Vocational Services Being Received by Their Wards with Mental Retardation
Authors: Crockett Kathy , Hendren Glen
Published: June 2019

The purpose of thIs study was to assess parent/guardian satisfaction toward vocational services currently being received by their ward with mental retardation and the variables that may influence parent/guardian satisfaction with these services. The data were analyzed utilizing a series of multiple regressions. Several variables were found to significantly influence parent/guardian satisfaction, and the overall results indicated that parents/guardians appear to be satisfied with the vocational services being received by their wards.
The Importance of the Work Family with Structured Work and Relapse Prevention
Authors: Peters Robert H. , Witty Thomas E. , O'Brien Julie K.
Published: June 2019

Recidivism rates remain high assisted by unstructured work settings, and uninformed co-workers. Relapse prevention strategies utilize multifaceted treatment approaches, and can be improved with the addition of the rehabilitation counselor and the work family. The author discusses an educational model which incorporates structured work, the rehabilitation professional and the work family in relapse prevention. The model is presented along with suggestions for implementation from the authors experience and observations of work sites. Key elements are discussed and the importance of the liaison role of the rehabilitation counselor is presented.
Personality Characteristics of Certified Rehabilitation Counselors in Various Work Settings
Authors: Matkin Ralph E. , Bauer Lauralyn L. , Nickles Lori E.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the study was to identify personality profiles of Certified Rehabilitation Counselors (CRC) working in a variety of settings. Responses of 494 randomly selected CRCs to Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory and Nevill and Super's Values Scale were examined. The sample represented 20% of all GRCs working as rehabilitation counselors stratified proportionately across eight work settings: state/federal rehabilitation agency offices, private not-for-profit rehabilitation facilities, private for-profit rehabilitation firms, medical centers/general hospitals, state/federal rehabilitation facilities, mental health centers, mental institutions, and private practice. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's coefficient alpha, analyses of variance, and Scheffe's post hoc multiple comparison tests. Results revealed significantly different personality, interest, and value patterns according to sex and employment site.
Accreditation in Rehabilitation Counseling: Historical and Current Context and Process
Authors: Linkowski Donald C. , Szymanski Edna Mora
Published: June 2019

The early history of the Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) is described through discussion of CORE's development, recognition, and foundation research at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. CORE's multi-stakeholder program evaluation process is described. Current trends and issues in accreditation of rehabilitation counselor education are discussed.
Diagnostic and Treatment Overshadowing Bias Across Disabilities: Are Rehabilitation Professionals Immune?
Authors: Garner William A. , Strohmer Douglas C. , Langford Cynthia A. , Boas George J.
Published: June 2019

The concept of diagnostic overshadowing has historically been applied only to clients with mental retardation. The possibility that diagnostic overshadowing impacts other disability categories was explored in this study. This study examined the robustness of diagnostic overshadowing bias when applied to rehabilitation counselor judgments about clients with physical disabilities, as well clients with mental retardation. A total of 89 rehabilitation professionals were presented with a case scenario which was identical except for the specific disability condition described. The professionals then completed a questionnaire that related to diagnostic impressions and treatment recommendations. Diagnostic overshadowing was exhibited with both mental retardation and physical disabilities. However, no overshadowmg was noted for treatment recommendations.
Greenberg's Two-Factor Safety and Effectance Drive Theory: Implications for Rehabilitation
Authors: Thomas Kenneth R. , Kaplan Steven P.
Published: June 2019

Greenberg proposed a model of drive theory which focuses on safety and effectance as primary motives for human behavior. In this paper, we elucidate Greenberg's theory, and apply it to persons with disabilities within a rehabilitation context. This model can add a great deal of specificity to understanding the conflicts people with disabilities may experience in their attempts at life adjustment. We utilize several case examples to illustrate that Greenberg's model is a useful tool to conceptualize and deal with client adjustment issues.
Rehabilitation Counseling with College Athletes: A Hypothesis Generating Study
Authors: Vaughn James T. , Emener William G.
Published: June 2019

The responses to an open-ended survey, completed by a national response sample of 59 college coaches and athletes, were rated and categorized. The results are presented and discussed consistent with four of the study's research questions: (a) Do college athletes need counseling? (b) What kinds of problems do college athletes have? (c) To what extent do college athletes utilize the assistance of professional rehabilitation counselors in dealing with their problems? and, (d) What can rehabilitation counselors do that would be helpful to college athletes who are having problems? Recommendations for future research and implications for the practice of rehabilitation counseling are discussed.
Counseling and Guidance Approaches with the Family of the Client with Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Du Mars Roger C. , Du Mars Helen B.
Published: June 2019

Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently incurable, the counselor's role in working both with the client with AD and the client's family is a major one. The number of persons with AD is over 1.5 million and increasing as the population ages. Counselors will need to be able to assist in securing an accurate medical diagnoses and palliative treatment, and to provide relationship and behavioral counseling for the client and family in dealing with the distress associated with early stage symptoms. Steps in the helping process for clients with AD include: guidance and stress management, legal considerations, provision of respite for caregivers, home treatment, and ultimate placement of the AD client in a skilled care facility.
Rehabilitation of Women Post Myocardial Infarction - A New Look at Old Assumptions
Authors: Konstam Varda , Houser Rick
Published: June 2019

Although coronary disease is the leading cause of death in women over the age of 40, our present knowledge is based on research with men. Gender-related differences merit further examination. Physiological and psychological differences post myocardial infarction between men and women will be reviewed. Research on women with respect to self-in-relation theory, expression of grief, and role conflict theory will be presented in order to provide a framework for understanding reported differences in adjustment. Clinical applications for the rehabilitation counselor will be discussed.
A Group Intervention for Cardiac Transplantation Recipients and Their Families
Authors: Konstam Varda , Turbett Ann , Konstam Marvin A.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation for the cardiac transplantation recipient and his/her family merits further investigation, given the reported psychological difficulties patients and their families experience. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a structured short-term intervention group on cardiac transplantation recipients and their family members. Eight subjects and three family members participated in seven, 90-minute, weekly sessions led by a psychologist and a cardiac nurse practitioner. Affective state was assessed by the Profile of Mood States (POMS), administered before and immediately after the intervention. Levels of anger-hostility (POMS) were high pre-intervention (mean + SE: 17-9 ± 4-5) and were reduced following the group session (12.1 ± 3.5; p<0.06). Our findings indicate that group intervention appears to provide clinical benefit in patients and family members following cardiac transplantation. Although these results are preliminary, they suggest a need for further investigation which can potentially inform and assist rehabilitation counselors in their work with cardiac transplantation recipients and their families.
Job Satisfaction and Distress in Rehabilitation Professionals: The Role of Organizational Commitment and Conflict
Authors: Biggs Herbert , Flett Ross , Voges Kevin , Alpass Fiona
Published: June 2019

We examined relations between organizational perceptions (organizational commitment, organizational conflict) and outcomes (job satisfaction, psychological distress) among a group of 82 New Zealand rehabilitation service providers. Analyses Indicated that organizational commitment made a significant contribution to the prediction of both job satisfaction and feelings of distress while organizational conflict was a significant predictor of job satisfaction. Age and length of service in the organization was significantly related to job satisfaction while level of education was significantly related to distress. Despite a number of limitations, the findings have implications for stress management and professional well being among rehabilitation service providers and illustrate the importance of further understanding of the complex linkages between organizational perceptions and outcomes if agencies involved in rehabilitation are concerned With maintaining a professional organizational environment.
The Association Par Excellence in Complex Societies: Mutual-Aid Groups
Authors: Warden Therese Dillon
Published: June 2019

As society evolves from simple to more complex many changes take place which are evident in attributes such as integrating trait, leadership pattern, political system, specialization and so on. After a review of this cyclical process on an ideal plane this essay focuses specifically upon changes which occur in voluntary associations and are exemplified in mutual-aid groups in complex cultures. How such configurations provide a framework for the growth and maturity of individual man through the revitalization of the historical principle mutual-aid, therefore assisting in his survival, is also characterized.
Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors' Perceptions of Status Code Use
Authors: Rose Patricia M. , Moore Stephen C. , Mundy Robyn R. , Dodd John M.
Published: June 2019

Vocational rehabilitation counselors in Montana were surveyed to determine their perceptions of the status code classification system as a method of guiding counselor practice. Sixty-seven percent of the counselors returned the survey. Results obtained from this procedure indicated that many rehabilitation offices were using the status code system inappropriately. Implications of the results are presented.
Assistive Technology and the Prevention of Secondary Disabling Conditions Among Persons with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kincaid Charles , Marge Michael
Published: June 2019

Individuals with spinal cord injury have a high probability of developing secondary disabling conditions. A number of prevention strategies have been implemented. The article explores the application of assistive technology as a method to prevent secondary health conditions from bladder and urinary tract infections, pressure sores, respiratory tract diseases, cardiovascular disorders, neuromusculoskeletal disorders, psychosocial disorders and to improve quality of life. Recommendations for developing secondary prevention plans in the context of the rehabilitation process are recommended.
Ethnic Differences in Expectations for Women with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Westbrook Mary T. , Legge Varoe , Pennay Mark
Published: June 2019

A questionnaire survey of 665 members of the Chinese, Italian, German, Greek, Arabic aild Anglo Australian communities investigated community expectations for women with physical disabilities. Germans' attitudes resembled those of the Anglo mainstream culture but other communities differed significantly in the following ways: women with disabilities were described as less likely to work, marry, have children, be socially active or live indepeildently. Most communities expected them to experience greater shame, be more withdrawn, less cheerful and less optimistic than did Anglo Australians. There was less expectation that such women would discuss their disabilities, act autonomously or strive for indepeildence.
Union Pacific Railroad Medical Quality Assurance Process: Innovations in Work Injury Management
Authors: Huneke Bonnie K. , Gaiser W. Ron , Rowe Mark
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses the history and evolution of the Union Pacific Railroad's (UPRR) dynamic medical management process, termed Medical Quality Assurance (MQA). The authors describe the MQA Process and give results showing reductions in doctor shopping, reduction in lost work days, and improved medical cost containment. Enhancements to the program are outlined, including the possibility offorming a contracted medical network based on provider outcome data rather than the traditional monetary negotiations. The process proves that starting with disability management, and evolving to injury management is an effective strategy for improving quality of care for injured workers, while providing medical cost containment.
Stress Within the Injured Worker
Authors: Brodwin Martin G. , Sauer Loren J. , Hallberg Edmond , Goldfarb Howard J.
Published: June 2019

Stress has come to be viewed as a cause or contributing factor of worker disability, and also as a co-symptom or result of worker injury or disability. This article examines the degree of stress in a group of injured workers. Comparisons are made with several non-injured groups.
Sexuality Issues Among Survivors of Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: Hibbard Buffington Angela L.
Published: June 2019

Many sources state that a catastrophic event such as a brain injury will almost inevitably affect the sexuality of the survivor. Despite its prevalence, the issue of sexuality is seldom addressed in rehabilitation with this population for numerous reasons. It is critical that sexuality be a part of the rehabilitation process with survivors of traumatic brain injury if a holistic approach to therapy is to be offered. Sexuality and relationship therapy by a rehabilitation professional can make the difference between a life of relationship misery and a life of at least some relationship satisfaction.
Rehabilitation Counseling in the State Sector: Do Job Descriptions Accurately Reflect Expected Duties?
Authors: Allen Douglas , Turpin Joseph , Garske Gregory , Warren-Marlatt Rebecca
Published: June 2019

Job descriptions of entry level rehabilitation counseling positions advertised by state vocational rehabilitation agencies were examined in order to determine if states are effectively conveying expected duties to potential employees. Duties described in published state job listings were compared to areas of human resource development perceived to be significantly important by certified rehabilitation counselors in public settings. Results indicate that state descriptions do appear to reflect expected duties to potential employment of candidates. Discussion addresses the need for description standardization, limitations of the study, and suggested direction for future research.
Career Counseling and Development Strategies for African Americans with Disabilities
Authors: Feist-Price Sonja , Harley Debra A.
Published: June 2019

This paper seeks to promote greater awareness of the importance of understanding issues specific to providing career counseling and development services to African Americans with disabilities. This goal is accomplished in three ways. First, this paper identifies issues relevant to African Americans with disabilities. Second, existing career counseling strategies will be analyzed in regards to the needs of African Americans with disabilities. Lastly, attention is devoted towards identifying career counselling interventions that are effective in meeting the complex needs of African Americans with disabilities who are interested in attaining occupational success.
Implications of Research from the Human Genome Project for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Houser Rick , Lash Marilyn
Published: June 2019

Technological and medical advances have been dramatic over the past several years; particularly impressive have been advances in biotechnology and genetic research. The implications of genetic research as they relate to persons with disabilities are discussed. Additionally, historical and current problems with the use of genetic information are addressed. Finally, the role rehabilitation counselors can play as advocates for people with disabilities in the implementation of research results from the Human Genome Project is presented.
Supporting A Colleague in Ethical Conflict: Resolving Problems of Common Sense
Authors: Davis Alan , Yazak Daniel
Published: June 2019

Professionals who interact with a colleague who has violated an ethical standard are faced with a dilemma that includes cultural and professional considerations. As large numbers of rehabilitation counselors indicate an awareness of unethical behavior, it appears that a reluctance to report may exist in the profession. A reporting method is suggested to help resolve conflicts associated with reporting a colleague, while at the same time enhancing concern for victims.
Supervisors' Role in Successful Job Maintenance: A Target for Rehabilitation Counselor Efforts
Authors: Gates Lauren B. , Akabas Sheila H. , Kantrowitz Warren
Published: June 2019

This paper explores the role of supervisors in the process of return to work and job maintenance of workers with disabilities and the implications of this role for the work of rehabilitation counselors. To evaluate the role of supervisors in the adjustment process a comprehensive disability management effort at one worksite was studied in-depth. Surveys were completed by 25 workers with disabilities and their supervisors about the functional limitations caused by the disabling conditions and responsiveness of the supervisors to these limitations. Results show that successful adjustment to work is affected by the ability of supervisors to make accurate assessments of when conditions interfere with job performance, identify problems caused by disabling conditions, develop appropriate accommodations, monitor accommodation effectiveness and facilitate communication between workers with disabilities and their co-workers. Rehabilitation counselors can help to prepare the worksite for client return, assist with the communication and accommodation processes and provide ongoing support for the workers with disabilities.
The Relationship of Non-Organic Factors to Perceived Disability of Injured Workers
Authors: Easterday Anji R. , Schau Candace , Martinez Estella A.
Published: June 2019

This study explored the relationship between non-organic factors and perceived disability for work-injured Hispanic and White workers in Northern New Mexico. The results showed that Hispanic males perceived themselves to be significantly more disabled than White males and than Hispanic females. Also, less educated workers perceived themselves as significantly more disabled than those with more education, regardless of ethnicity. These findings indicate that the rehabilitation process of injured Hispanic workers is a complex one in which various systems interact including the injured worker, the family, the employer, the health care provider, the insurance company, the attorney, and the workers' compensation adjuster.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Vocational Perspective
Authors: Miranda Robert , Rollins Carolyn W.
Published: June 2019

In recent years the number of individuals diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has increased. With a life time prevalence of 2.5%, OCD is more prevalent than schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or panic disorder. Undiagnosed and untreated, OCD can have negative effects on many aspects of an individual's life, including vocation. With the mean age of onset in the United States being approximately 16 years of age, the impact of OCD on an individual's vocational development can be considerable. Additionally, individuals with this disorder may present a poor work or academic history. Their vocational performance may be incorrectly interpreted as indicative of irresponsibility or a poor work ethic rather than as a consequence of the disease. Therefore, rehabilitation counselors should be cognizant of the symptoms associated with OCD and the negative impact of the disorder on an individual's life. This article outlines symptoms of the disorder, explores current treatment options, and discusses vocational implications associated with OCD.
The Perceptual Memory Task and Prediction of Drivers License Status of Rehabilitation Clients
Authors: Janikowski Timothy P. , Geiger Jon M. , Musgrave Jack
Published: June 2019

The concurrent validity of the Perceptual Memory Task (PMT) was examined by determining its ability to correctly classify rehabilitation clients on the basis of the possession of a drivers license. An archival research design was use to access the files of 239 former vocational evaluation clients, all of whom had completed the PMT. File information was used to record client demographic information, PMT Behavioral Trail scores and Preferred Learning Style, and drivers license status (having or not having a drivers license). A discriminant function analysis, using the 11 Behavioral Trait scores as predictor variables, was found to be significant for the function of group membership based on drivers license status (Wilks' Lambda = .81, P < .0000). A chi square analysis of the 4 Preferred Learning Styles yielded no significant differences between groups (X2 = 1.4, p > .05). The authors conclude that the PMT's Behavior Trait Scores are a useful measure to rehabilitation counselors and driver rehabilitation professionals concerned with helping their clients obtain a drivers license.
Outcomes from the Job-Raising Program, A Self-Improvement Model of Vocational Rehabilitation, Among Persons with Arthritis
Authors: Allaire Saralynn , Anderson Jennifer , Meenan Robert
Published: June 2019

This study assessed outcomes of the Job-Raising OR) Program among persons with arthritis interested in gaining or retaining employment. The JR Program uses a self-improvement model of vocational rehabilitation developed for adults with chronic diseases and work experience. The rate of employment among 141 study participants increased from 26% to 41% within 6 months after JR programs were initiated. Among all participants, better physical function at program start predicted employment at 6 months post program. Lower family income predicted employment among participants who were not working at program start. Qualitative comments suggested JR programs helped by enhancing self-confidence in ability to work and knowledge of job accommodations. The use of volunteers to facilitate and manage the 10 weeks of meetings for the program was problematic.
Hypnosis: Applications for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Sapp Marty , Farrell Walter C. , Johnson James , Kirby Reneé Sartin , Pumphrey Khyána K.
Published: June 2019

This article describes how the rehabilitation counselor can employ hypnosis. Hypnosis can be employed as a useful tool in working with individuals who have experienced a disability. It can be used to reduce anxiety and stress related to returning to work; it can help clients learn to reduce stress and to modify themselves, even If their environments cannot change; and it can be used to increase the self-esteem of clients With disabilities.
Interaction Strain and Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: Effectiveness of a Social Skills Program
Authors: Gordon Phyllis A. , Lam Chow S. , Winter Roberta
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effects of a social skills training program in helping persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) increase socialization skills specifically designed to lessen interaction strain with persons who are not disabled. A second purpose focused on the effects of social skills training on increasing self-esteem, self-efficacy beliefs, and self-referent thoughts of persons with MS. Participants in this study included twenty-six persons with MS who were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. While there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups on any measure, the results suggest that these persons with MS maintained positive self-images and apparently experienced no particular anxiety in social interactions.
Returning to Work After Workplace Injury: Impact of Worker and Workplace Factors
Authors: Kenny Dianna T.
Published: June 2019

Injured workers (N=407) completed a questionnaire to identify factors that predict return to work following a compensable workplace injury. Two regression models were developed to assess the relative contributions of injury and worker variables to return to work, and whether these factors could be mediated by workplace characteristics and the response of the workplace to the injury. Each model aimed to identify the respondents who were working with the same employer doing the same job (71.2% of cases) after returning to work. Return to work was significantly related to higher perceived standards of occupational health and safety characteristics of workplaces, better perceived methods of information dissemination to workers about their rights and entitlements and by the status of the claim for workers' compensation (disputed/not disputed). Discriminant function analysis correctly predicted return to work status of 64% of the sample. Six case vignettes were presented to highlight the range of both positive and negative experiences of injured workers with occupational rehabilitation.
Beyond Status Code 26: Development of an Instrument to Measure the Quality of Placements in the State-Federal Program
Authors: Gilbride Dennis D. , Thomas J. Ressler , Stensrud Robert
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop and test an instrument that measures the quality of job placements of State-Federal Vocational Rehabilitation program consumers. A four part operational definition of quality placement was developed that included: (1) income and satisfaction with salary; (2) benefits provided, and consumer satisfaction with benefits; (3) potential for training opportunities and career development; and (4) satisfaction with job and personal life after placement. The “Rehabilitation Success Survey” was developed by a panel of rehabilitation professionals and consumers to measure these 4 components of placement quality. The instrument was piloted in one state, revised, and then administered in a second state. Results indicated that broadening the definition of successful placement beyond status code 26 closure, provides a more comprehensive picture of the impact of employment and rehabilitation services on consumers' lives.
The Situation of Women with Developmental Disabilities: Implications for Practitioners in Supported Employment
Authors: Olney Marjorie F. , Kuper Emily Vacher
Published: June 2019

This article reviews of the literature pertaining to gender and supported employment. It compares and contrasts the experience of individuals with physical disabilities and developmental disabilities, taking into account the following factors: (1) the meaning of gender for individuals with disabilities; (2) the historical treatment of people with developmental disabilities; (3) public attitudes and the biases they foster; and (4) the treatment of gender in the rehabilitation literature. The purpose is to sensitize rehabilitation counselors and supported employment providers to the unique issues and challenges faced by women with developmental disabilities in order to improve their opportunities in community life.
Disability Awareness Activities on College Campuses: A National Study of Campuses with Undergraduate and Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Stebnicki Mark A. , Sibrava Monika , Rice-Mason Jennifer
Published: June 2019

This study surveyed all Program Coordinators in Offices of Disability Services on college campuses across the U.S., that offered undergraduate and graduate degrees in rehabilitation counseling. Data was collected regarding the type, frequency and support of disability awareness activities among students, faculty, and staff, as well as the financial resources allocated to carry-out such activities. Students, as opposed to faculty or staff, participated inmost awareness-type events. The most frequently reported type activities were panel discussion groups, seminars and outside guest presenters. The data suggests that little financial support and other resources are allocated for such campus activities. Implications are discussed regarding the lack of awareness among college professors and other staff/administrators concerning the special accommodations required for full participation across campus programs and services.
Writing for Publication: Advice from Authors
Authors: Forge Jan La , Coelho Richard J.
Published: June 2019

This article — third in a series encouraging rehabilitation counselors to publish — surveyed published authors of JARC over a 6-year period (1990-1996) and summarized their advice for aspiring journal article writers. Surveyed authors (1) identified common obstacles to publishing efforts, and (2) annotated useful resources for publishing. Finally, they (3) offered general advice for preparing and submitting a first manuscript to rehabilitation counseling-related journals.
Factors Affecting Job Placement Success in Proprietary Rehabilitation
Authors: Bose Julie L. , Geist Glen O. , Lam Chow S. , Slaby Monika , Arens Mark
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify factors other than disability which impact job placement success and time spent in job placement activities for workers' compensation claimants. It was found that four of the five factors that predict placement success were non-injury related whereas two of the three factors predicting time in placement activities were injury related. Only one factor was found to predict both outcomes. Rationale and implications of the findings are discussed.
Navigating and Improving Employment Related Policies for People with Disabilities: An Emerging WorkWORLD Knowledge Based Decision Support (WW-KBDS) System
Authors: Hill Mark L. , Ruth David J. , Hine Michael J. , Carlson Robert M. , Jones Simone Worden , Watts Alice T.
Published: June 2019

Current disability benefit, employment, and welfare programs interact in complex ways that often discourage beneficiaries from seeking employment and increased earnings. The complexity of such “incentive incompatibilities” or “perverse incentives” serves as barriers not only to the employment of individuals with disabilities but also to the efforts of policy makers to improve the policies and remove the disincentives. A Knowledge Based Decision Support (KBDS) system can: (1) help individuals to navigate the current system as successfully as possible; and (2) help policy makers and disability advocates to develop “incentive compatible” policies that reward beneficiaries for going to work rather than punish them. The Employment Support Institute (ESI) has been working under contract with the Social Security Administration (SSA) to develop the WorkWORLD decision support system and software that can help both beneficiaries and policy makers. Because many of the programs operate differently in different states, however, the full development of the software will require the cooperation of every state. A model for that cooperation has been developed and is presented.
Using SSI Work Incentives in Postsecondary Education
Authors: Johnson Edna E. , Kohler Paula D.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which there is a relationship between postsecondary model program directors' knowledge of 11 SSI content items and their utilization activities of these items in transition planning with their program participants. Twenty-seven of the 38 selected project directors responded to a three-part survey inquiring about SSI cash, medical, and work incentives. Respondents reported limited knowledge and utilization of all 11 SSI content items with their program participants. Relationships between utilization of SSI work incentives in postsecondary education and outcomes of students with disabilities are discussed.