bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Landscape Pattern Dynamics and Driving Forces in Dongting Lake Wetland in China Based on Landsat Images
Authors: Guo Mengshen , Zhou Nianqing , Cai Yi , Zhao Wengang , Lu Shuaishuai , Liu Kehao
Published: March 2024

Dongting Lake wetland is a typical lake wetland in the Middle and Lower
Yangtze River Plain in China. Due to the influence of natural and human
activities, the landscape pattern has changed significantly. 12 Landsat
images of Dongting Lake wetland from 1991 to 2022 were extracted and
classified based on the CART decision tree method. The dynamic
characteristics of wetland vegetation spatial pattern changes were
analyzed using landscape pattern index, dynamic degree model and
transition matrix model. Redundancy analysis and grey correlation
analysis methods were used to explore the driving factors. The results
showed that from 1991 to 2022, the area of water and mudflat showed a
trend of first decreasing and then increasing due to the establishment
of the Three Gorges Dam. The mutual conversion of mudflat and water was
one of the forms of landscape transformation, while the mutual
conversion of sedge and reed area was the main trend of vegetation
landscape change. In the past 32 years, the fragmentation degree of
Dongting Lake wetland landscape has increased, the heterogeneity has
decreased and the landscape shape has become more complex. Water level
had the greatest contribution to wetland landscape fragmentation, with
the lower the water level, the greater the degree of landscape
fragmentation. Human activities were the most important driving force,
especially the policy changes in reed and woodland, as well as the
establishment of the Three Gorges Dam, which have a significant impact
on the landscape change pattern and ecological function of wetland. The
research results are of great significance for wetland ecological
restoration and environmental protection, providing scientific support
for China to achieve the goals of “carbon peak” and “carbon
neutrality”.
Rose-like Ni-Co-Mn-S@N-CDs electrode material for flexible hybrid supercapacitors with high electrochemical performance
Authors: Lu Bin , Xiang Guotao , Xu Jialei , Shi Ruidong , Chen Na , Hu Yongda , Rodriguez D. , Chen Jinju
Published: March 2024

Ternary transition metal sulfides are extensively considered as
supercapacitor electrode materials due to their remarkable
electrochemical properties. However, inferior electrical conductivity
and structural stability severely limit their applications. Here, we
address these limitations by introducing N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs)
into Ni-Co-Mn-S nanoflowers via a two-step hydrothermal process followed
by electrodeposition. Ni-Co-Mn-S nanoflowers feature a skeleton
structure supporting rich ion transfer paths and abundant active sites,
while electrodeposited N-CDs increase the electrical conductivity and
enhance the cycling performance. The resulting Ni-Co-Mn-S@N-CDs material
demonstrates a remarkable specific capacity of 2267 F
g at 1 A g and maintains
96.2% capacity after 10000 cycles at 10 A g.
Moreover, this electrode material allows the development of hybrid
supercapacitors with an impressive energy density of 61.6 Wh
kg at 800 W kg and a superior
capacitance retention of 89.0% after 20,000 charge/discharge cycles at
5 A g, alongside an excellent flexibility under
various deformations. These findings represent a significant advancement
in hybrid solid-state supercapacitors with promising implications for
flexible energy storage technologies.
DeepKalPose: An Enhanced Deep-Learning Kalman Filter for Temporally Consistent Monocular Vehicle Pose Estimation
Authors: Bella Leandro Di , Lyu Yangxintong , Munteanu Adrian
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we introduce an innovative temporal consistency
enhancement approach, which enables image-based models on video data by
leveraging a deep-learning-based Kalman Filter. More specifically, we
propose a novel Bi-direction Kalman filter strategy, utilizing forward
and backward processing to capitalize on higher-quality pose estimations
near the camera, enhancing the robustness and precision of vehicle
tracking across varying distances and conditions. Then, rather than
using the conventional mathematical motion model, we propose a learnable
motion model, dubbed Future State Predictor, to represent the complex,
non-linear motion patterns observed in vehicles. The experimental
results demonstrate that our approach enhances pose accuracy and
temporal consistency, which allows us to handle the challenging
occluded/distant vehicles.
Complicated Type B Aortic Dissection in Late Pregnancy: Management Strategy and Outcomes
Authors: Wang Zhen , Yu Xuechen , Ding Shuai , Liang Chuan , Chen Huijun
Published: March 2024

Objective: Pregnancy with complicated type B aortic dissection
is a rare but devastating scenario. And there are no definitive
guidelines for management and therapy. We report our exploration and
experiences of managing five pregnant with complicated TBAD in the
second or third trimesters, aiming to propose an appropriate management
strategy. Design: Retrospective study. Setting:
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. Population: Pregnant
women with TBAD Methods: The clinical data of 5 pregnant women
with TBAD who were admitted to the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
from January 2022 to June 2023 were collected. The clinical features,
diagnostic procedures, treatment strategies and corresponding maternal
and infant outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Main Outcome
Measures: The survival of mother and fetus. Result: All five
pregnant women with TBAD were diagnosed with complicated TBAD. The
average age of the patients was (34.8±8.13) years, and the range of
gestational weeks at admission was 27 weeks plus 3 days to 36 weeks plus
6 days. The first patient intending to receive a cesarean section and
subsequent TEVAR died of rupture of aortic dissection during cesarean
section. Her neonate was successfully rescued. The remaining four
patients who underwent TEVAR first survived. Three underwent
single-stage aortic repair and delivery, and one patient underwent
cesarean section 27 days after TEVAR. Three preterm live births of these
four patients were recorded. During late follow-up, no maternal and
fetal deaths occurred. Neither device-related nor systemic complications
post TEVAR were observed in the mother. Routine physical examinations of
four live births showed no abnormalities. Conclusion: When a
pregnant woman in the second or third trimester has thoracic back pain
and highly suspected aortic dissection, CTA should be performed to avoid
missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis and diagnostic delay. Once diagnosed,
maternal survival should be prioritized over fetal concerns. TEVAR is
safe and feasible for such patients. For complicated TBAD in the third
trimester single-stage delivery and TEVAR are preferred, and TEVAR
followed by cesarean section performed in one operative session is the
treatment of choice.
Enhancing Ensemble Model Accuracy and Interpretability: A Framework Integrating Rough Set Theory and Recursive Feature Elimination for Feature Selection and Interpretability with Association Rule Analysis in Ensemble Models.
Authors: Kega Isaac , Nderu Lawrence , Mwangi Ronald , Njagi Dennis
Published: March 2024

In machine learning, feature selection is of utmost importance for
augmenting the predictive capabilities of ensemble models. This paper
presents an innovative hybrid framework for selecting features in
ensemble models, which combines Rough Set Theory (RST) with Recursive
Feature Elimination (RFE), complemented by Association Rule Mining, to
enhance interpretability. The suggested method considerably improves
ensemble models’ prognostic accuracy and comprehensibility, particularly
Random Forests and Gradient Boosting Machines. The framework starts with
the RFE process, meticulously eliminating less influential features, and
then applies RST to refine the feature set further by eliminating
redundancies. This two-phase approach results in a feature set that is
optimally reduced yet highly influential. By implementing this hybrid
method on ensemble models, significant improvements in predictive
accuracy are demonstrated across three diverse datasets: cancer, Pima
Indians Diabetes, and a weather dataset from Underground. The
accomplished accuracies for these datasets were 0.9663, 0.8793, and
0.8427, respectively, highlighting the proposed approach’s
effectiveness. This article also proposes the incorporation of
association rule mining to analyze the outcomes of the models. This
technique improves the understandability of the models, offering more
profound insights into the connections and patterns, thus tackling the
difficulty of interpretability in intricate ensemble models. Our
empirical analysis confirms the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid
feature selection model, representing a significant advancement in the
field. The integration of RFE and RST optimizes the feature selection
process and bridges the gap in interpretability, offering robust
solutions for applications where accuracy and understanding of model
decisions are crucial.
Project Delay And Cost Overrun In Software Industry In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia: The Powerful Role Of Gqm
Authors: N Ahmad Abdullah Alghamdi , Jedaibi Wajdi Al
Published: March 2024

Background: Given the enormous impact that the software
industry has on so many facets of our lives today, software projects are
extremely important. Digital transformation is driven across industries
by software developments. They facilitate the utilisation of technology
by organisations to optimise operations, augment productivity, and
provide inventive products and services. To be competitive and adjust to
the quickly changing market dynamics of today’s world, companies must
undergo digital transformation by making full use of software projects.
Objectives: The main aim of the current study is to determine
the main causes of project delay and cost overrun in software projects,
identify the effects of project delay and cost overrun on software
projects, and define the role of cost estimation models in overcoming
project delays and cost overruns in these projects. Results and
conclusions:The researcher reviews the literature on causes behind
delay and cost overrun and describes the role that can be played by cost
estimation models in that process. In light of the reviewed literature,
the researcher reaches certain recommendations for the software
industry.
Synthesis of Polyaryl-Substituted Azafluoranthenes via Co-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of 1,6-Diynes with Nitriles
Authors: Cai Jinhui , Cen Kaili , Zhai Ziyi , Liu Yuan , Wei Jiahao , Yu Junhong , Liu Huiling , Wang Qiaolin , Zhao Feng
Published: March 2024

The facile assembly of polyaryl-substituted azafluoranthenes via
CoBr2/dppp-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition with 1,6-diynes and
nitriles are demonstrated here. This method show high efficiency, mild
conditions, low cost, and wide substrate scope. Furthermore, the
fluorescent spectra of selected azafluoranthenes indicate that this kind
of skeleton might show good photophysical properties and have good
potential in material science.
The Impact of High-Speed Networks on HFT Performance
Authors: Kannan Yamini
Published: March 2024

This paper provides an in-depth examination of the critical role
that high-speed networks play in the operations of high-frequency
trading (HFT) firms. High-speed networks, characterized by their low
latency and high bandwidth, facilitate the rapid, efficient transmission
of massive quantities of data, a capability that is vital to the success
of HFT strategies. We explore the core infrastructure that enables
high-speed trading, from high-performance servers and switches to
network interface cards and time synchronization devices. Additionally,
we delve into the specifics of low-latency switches and multicast
networks, discussing their advantages, challenges, and their application
in an HFT context. An overview of emerging technologies and trends such
as artificial intelligence, machine learning, 5G networks, quantum
computing, and regulatory changes that could potentially shape the
future of high-frequency trading networks is also presented. This paper
serves as a comprehensive reference point for understanding and
evaluating the impact and future scope of high-speed networks in
high-frequency trading.
Land Suitability Analysis for agriculture using GIS and RS in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Abera Abebech , Aweke Weldehana , Berihune Zigiybel Firiew
Published: March 2024

Ethiopia’s national economic development is significantly influenced by
agriculture. From the zone level to the national level, agricultural
land-use intensification and extensification appear to be necessary to
meet the growing population’s demand for food and other agricultural
products. However, the extent, distribution, or level of agricultural
land potential have not been well explored and documented. Like other
parts of the country, the agricultural land suitability of South Gondar
was not studied. Hence, it is urgently necessary to match crop
requirements with resources that are currently available through land
suitability analysis in order to maintain the productivity of
agricultural land. This study aimed to address land suitability analysis
by using geographical information system (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS)
based multi-criteria approach in South Gondar zone. Worldwide data
sources, literature reviews, and on-site investigations, were used to
evaluate the suitability of agricultural land in the zone. Seven
criteria were identified and the criteria were preprocessed as raster
layers on a GIS platform, and the weights of the raster layers were
calculated for appropriateness using the analytic hierarchy approach
(AHP). A weighted overlay analysis was then used to classify the
agricultural land as highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally
suitable and not suitable. According to the analysis results, 26% of
the land coverage of the zone was found to be highly suitable for
agriculture. 70% and 4% of the zone area were found to be moderately
and marginally suitable for agriculture respectively.
The plasma soluble CSF1R level is a promising prognostic indicator for pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Li Zhigang , Zhu Ting , Wang Chanjuan , Lian Hong-Yun , Ma Hong-Hao , Wang Dong , Wang Tianyou , zhang rui , Cui Lei
Published: March 2024

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare hematologic neoplasm
characterized by the clonal proliferation of Langerhans-like cells.
Colony-stimulating Factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is a membrane-bound
receptor that is highly expressed in LCH cells and tumor-associated
macrophages. In this study, a soluble form of CSF1R protein (sCSF1R) was
identified by plasma proteome profiling, and its role in evaluating LCH
prognosis was explored. We prospectively measured plasma sCSF1R levels
in 104 LCH patients and 10 healthy children using ELISA. Plasma sCSF1R
levels were greater in LCH patients than in healthy controls ( P
< 0.001) and significantly differed among the three disease
extents, with the highest level in MS RO+ LCH patients ( P
< 0.001). Accordingly, immunofluorescence showed the highest
level of membrane-bound CSF1R in MS RO+ patients. Furthermore, the
plasma sCSF1R concentration at diagnosis could efficiently predict the
prognosis of LCH patients treated with standard first-line treatment
(AUC =0.782, P < 0.001). Notably, dynamic monitoring of
sCSF1R levels could predict relapse early in patients receiving BRAF
inhibitor treatment. In vitro drug sensitivity data showed that sCSF1R
increased resistance to Ara-C in THP-1 cells expressing ectopic
BRAF-V600E. Overall, the plasma sCSF1R level at diagnosis and
during follow-up is of great clinical importance in pediatric LCH
patients.
Cardiac Ablation in the Pediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Center in a Developing Country
Authors: Khazzeka Alicia , Bulbul Ziad , Ghazawi Alaaeddine el , Abi-Saleh Bernard , Tamim Hani , Khoury Maurice , Bitar Fadi , Arabi Mariam , Charafeddine Fatme , Refaat Marwan
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe our experience and
outcome of ablation therapy of arrhythmias in children at a tertiary
care center. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from the
hospital medical records. All children presenting to AUBMC between 2000
and 2020 who underwent cardiac ablation were included. The data
collected included type of arrhythmia, ablation technique, age and
weight at ablation, procedure complications, medications used, and
outcome assessment. Results: We had 67 patients who underwent cardiac
ablation. Of those, 60% were males with a mean age of 15 years.
Structural heart disease was present in 6% of patients.
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) was most prevalent at 31%,
followed by atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) at
24%, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) at 19%, ventricular
tachycardia (VT) at 10%, atrial fibrillation (AF) at 2%, and atrial
tachycardia (AT) at 1%. The remaining 13% of patients presented with
less common types of arrhythmias, including narrow complex tachycardia,
retrograde dual atrioventricular nodal reentry, premature ventricular
contractions (PVC), and orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia.
Antiarrhythmic medications were started prior to the procedure in 59%
of our population. Medication regimens post-ablation included beta
blockers (68%), type 1c antiarrhythmics (25%), calcium channel
blockers (3%), ivabradine (2%), and amiodarone (2%). The completed
procedures showed a success rate of 93%. Conclusion: Ablation of
arrhythmias in children is an effective procedure in the treatment of
childhood arrhythmias. More studies are needed on cardiac ablation in
children with structural heart disease in the Middle East region.
Developing the future research agenda for the health and social care workforce in the UK: findings from a national forum for policymakers and researchers
Authors: Lamont Tara , Chatfield Cat , Walshe Kieran
Published: March 2024

There is a gap between healthcare workforce research and decision-making
in policy and practice. This matters more than ever given the urgent
staffing crisis, with shortfalls of key workers and increasing service
pressures. As a national research network, we held the first ever UK
forum on health and care workforce research and evidence in March 2023
which aimed to bridge this gap. We brought together clinical and system
leaders, policymakers and regulators with workforce researchers. Fifteen
sessions convened by leading experts combined knowledge exchange with
deliberative dialogue over two days. Topics ranged from workforce
analytics, forecasting, international migration to interprofessional
working. In these small groups, important knowledge gaps were
identified, where existing research had not reached decision-makers.
Managers were not aware of accepted high quality evidence in areas like
the relationship between registered nurse staffing levels and patient
outcomes. Participants also identified important gaps in research, both
topic area and study design. More work is needed to engage new
disciplines, from labour economics and occupational health to academic
human resources. Mobilising knowledge across disciplines will strengthen
the quality and range of research as well as identifying relevant and
novel interventions. Discussion at the forum highlighted a number of
national and local workforce initiatives which had been implemented at
pace, from virtual wards to e-rostering and apprentice levies, without a
good evidence base or concurrent evaluation. The pandemic had
accelerated many changes, including important shifts in skill mix and
new roles with little learning from other countries and systems.
Existing evaluations were often small-scale or focused on individual,
rather than organisational, solutions in areas such as staff wellbeing.
The paper provides a summary of an emerging UK workforce research agenda
developed at the forum meeting, together with actions to build workforce
research capacity and increase reach of findings into policy and
practice.
Carbon Footprint of Tonsillectomy
Authors: Cannon Joseph , Tailor Hitesh , Douglas Catriona
Published: March 2024

Introduction Healthcare is responsible for 5.4% of greenhouse gas
emissions in the UK. Emissions in surgery is a relatively unexplored
area; in particular, this hasn’t yet been looked at as a whole in ENT in
the UK. Aims Quantify the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from a
tonsillectomy and assess the proportion of each source’s contribution.
Method Operational data from tonsillectomies performed at a large
university teaching hospital in the UK were gathered and converted to
global warming potential using established conversion factors and data
from existing healthcare-focused carbon footprint studies. The domains
considered were waste, pharmaceuticals, surgical instrument
decontamination, transportation, consumables use and utilities. This
study used a process-based carbon footprint approach based on the
“Greenhouse Gas Protocol: Product Life Cycle Accounting and Reporting
Standard”. Results The carbon footprint of a typical case was 41 kgCO2e
which is equivalent to driving a car for approximately 150 miles.
Consumables were responsible for 17% of this; 14% came from transport,
5.4% from decontamination, 4.8% from pharmaceuticals and 4% from
waste. However, the largest GHG was from utilities, of which heating,
ventilation and air conditioning was the overwhelming contributor.
Conclusion While the largest sources of GHG emissions require
hospital-wide initiatives, there are aspects of consumables and waste
streams we can improve on in ENT surgery. These include the use of
disposable vs reusable instruments as well as increased availability and
use of recycling waste streams in theatres. Additionally, this study
provides a template that can be applied to other ENT procedures.
Targeted Therapy with Vemurafenib in Brazilian Children with Refractory Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Two Case Reports and a Comprehensive Review
Authors: Silva Klerize Anecely de Souza , Magalhães Isis Maria Quezado Soares , Benincasa Daniela Elaine Roth , Cecconello Daiane Keller , Michalowski Mariana Bohns
Published: March 2024

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by inflammatory
lesions featuring clonal infiltration. The BRAF mutation stands out as
the most prevalent. Vemurafenib has emerged as a therapeutic option. The
off-label use of VMF persists in Brazil. We will delineate the cases of
two Brazilian children suffering from LCH with a positive response to
VMF. Case Report I: The patient underwent standard therapy, but bone
marrow infiltration persisted. After confirming a BRAF V600E mutation
through testing, VMF was initiated, resulting in significant
improvements. Case Report II: The patient initiated VMF and showed a
positive response. After several months, maintenance therapy was
introduced. However, skin lesions recurred upon discontinuation of VMF.
She has been on VMF for a total of 31 months, maintaining remission. The
cases presented represent the first reported instances of off-label VMF
use in Brazil for the treatment of LCH, and both patients have
demonstrated excellent responses to the medication.
Analyzing accessibility to urban services for new residential buildings. A case study of Craiova city
Authors: Vîlcea Cristiana , Neniu Adelina
Published: March 2024

The present study uses methods based on Geographic Information System (GIS) to investigate the distribution of new residential buildings in Craiova (Romania) and assess their accessibility to key urban services. The focus is on collective housing developments constructed after 2015, encompassing both completed and ongoing projects. The research evaluates accessibility at the neighborhood level, considering key facilities and services such as banking services, pharmacies, kindergartens, primary schools, supermarkets, sport facilities, and green urban areas. Data for urban services were collected from opensource databases (OpenStreetMap, Copernicus Land Monitoring?Urban Atlas) and completed by field investigations. Isochrones, representing travel time from each residential building to the selected services, are used to measure the residents' accessibility by multiple travel modes. Additionally, the study considers the proximity of new residential buildings to the old historical city center, as a hub for shopping and leisure activities, and the walkability of the neighborhoods where the collective residences are located. The findings shed light on the spatial distribution of new residential developments in relation to essential urban services, providing valuable insights for urban planning and development strategies in Craiova, as well as for future residential investments.
Effects of carbonation and chloride ingress on the durability of concrete structures
Authors: Folic Radomir , Zenunovic Damir , Brujic Zoran
Published: March 2024

The durability of concrete structures, which are designed for long-term use is predominantly determined by the resistance to chemical influences, i.e., the concrete?s ability to protect the reinforcement steel. The carbonation and the chloride ingress into concrete are the most significant causes of steel corrosion and the potential failure of the structure. The primary goal is to ensure that any significant damage does not occur during the structure's service life, primarily achieved by selecting an adequate thickness of the concrete cover. The issue is approached through calculations based on performance analyses, and the use of appropriate models for these chemical phenomena. The paper provides a brief overview and the methodology for analysing the impact on the durability of concrete structures in accordance with the leading international normative documents. The emphasis is on the recent changes introduced in second generation of European Eurocode standards. The consequences of the analysed phenomena are presented through the results of field tests conducted at salt factories, coke industries, and thermal power plants, and through laboratory tests. The tests were performed in order to develop a rapid prediction method for the measure of chloride ingress into concrete without the stimulating chloride ion migration by electricity, as an alternative to standardized tests.
Disparities Between Teleretinal Imaging Findings and Patient-reported Diabetic Retinopathy Status and Followup Eye Care Interval: A 10-year Prospective study
Authors: S. Silva Paolo , D. Cavallerano Jerry , K. Sun Jennifer , M. Tolson Ann , Tolls Dorothy , J. Abrahamson Martin , M. Aiello Lloyd , Paul Aiello Lloyd
Published: March 2024

Objective: To assess self-reported awareness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and concordance of eye examination follow-up compared to findings from concurrent retinal images. Research Design and Methods: Prospective observational 10-year study of 26,876 consecutive patients with diabetes that underwent retinal imaging during an endocrinology visit. Awareness and concordance was evaluated using questionnaires and retinal imaging. Results: Awareness information and gradable images were available in 25,360 patients (94.3%). Severity of DR by imaging: no DR 14,317(56.5%); mild DR 6,805(26.8%), vision-threatening DR (vtDR) 4,238(16.7%). Patients did not report being aware of any prior DR in 96.7%, 88.5% and 54.9% (no,mild,vtDR). When DR was present, reporting no prior DR was associated with shorter diabetes duration, milder DR, last eye exam >1 year prior, no dilation, no scheduled appointment, and less specialized provider (all P<0.001). Among patients with vtDR, 41.2%, 58.1% and 64.2% did not report being aware of any DR and follow-up was concordant with current DR severity in 66.7%, 41.3% and 25.4% (P<0.001) when prior examination was performed by a retina specialist, non-retina ophthalmologist, or optometrist (P<0.001). Conclusions: Substantial discrepancies exist between DR presence, patient awareness and concordance of follow-up across all DR severity levels. These discrepancies are present across all eye care provider types with the magnitude influenced by provider type. Thus, patient self-report should not be relied upon to reflect DR status. Modification of medical care and education models may be necessary to enhance retention of ophthalmic knowledge in patients with diabetes and assure accurate communication between all health care providers.
Eosinophil Count Fluctuations during Pregnancy in Women with HIV: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ifeanyi Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

Pregnancy in women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) presents a unique set of challenges, necessitating a closer examination of the immune system’s responses, particularly in relation to eosinophil dynamics. This comprehensive review explores the fluctuations in eosinophil counts during pregnancy in HIV-positive women, emphasizing the intricate interplay between the immune system, maternal health, and the risk of vertical transmission. The impact of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) on eosinophil regulation is also investigated, offering valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies. By unraveling the complexities of eosinophil dynamics in this specific population, this review aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of maternal immune adaptations and pave the way for targeted interventions to optimize health outcomes for both mothers and infants.
KANKER PAYUDARA: DIAGNOSTIK, FAKTOR RISIKO, DAN STADIUM
Authors: Suparna Ketut , Sari Luh Made Karuni Kartika Sari
Published: March 2024

Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling sering ditemukan pada wanita. Salain itu merupakan penyebab kematian terkait kanker paling sering setelah kanker paru. Kanker payudara (Carcinoma Mammae) adalah tumor ganas yang tumbuh dalam jaringan payudara, yang dapat menyebar ke organ tubuh lain. Kanker payudara merupakan penyakit dengan prognosis yang buruk, karena sering ditemukan pada stadium yang sudah lanjut. Diagnosis dini dengan teknik yang tepat dapat mengurangi angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat penyakit ini. Teknik untuk diagnosis kanker payudara meliputi triple diagnostic yaitu: klinis, imaging, dan sitologi. Kanker payudara adalah penyakit multifaktorial yang meliputi faktor usia, genetik dan riwayat keluarga, reproduksi dan hormonal, serta gaya hidup. Dengan mengetahui faktor risiko, maka kita akan lebih waspada untuk memeriksakan diri dan dapat didiagnosis pada stadium sedini mungkin. Penentuan stadium kanker payudara dilakukan dengan menggunakan indikator TNM yang dikeluarkan oleh American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). Kanker payudara dibedakan dalam 8 stadium yang meliputi: stadium 0, stadium I, stadium IIA/B, stadium IIIA/B/C, dan stadium IV.
NEURALGIA TRIGEMINAL: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Authors: Suryawan Putra Bayu Pramana , Wiratama Bayu Kresna , Kesanda I Made Phala
Published: March 2024

Neuralgia trigeminal merupakan sindrom nyeri wajah yang terjadi berulang dan bersifat kronik dengan karakteristik sangat parah, cepat, dan seperti tersetrum listrik. Penyebab Neuralgia trigeminal sebagian besar adalah kompresi oleh arteri atau vena yang berdekatan yang melibatkan sebagian besar dari kasus yakni Arteri Serebelar Superior. Prevalensi Neuralgia trigeminal sekitar 0,16% - 0,3% dengan isidensi meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Neuralgia trigeminal diklasifikasikan menjadi klasik, sekunder, dan idiopatik. Manifestasi klinis nyeri dideskripsikan seperti ditusuk-tusuk, atau seperti terbakar. Neuralgia trigeminal dapat ditegakkan dengan diagnosa klinis. MRI dan/atau CT-Scan dapat dilakukan untuk melihat adanya Neuralgia trigeminal klasik atau sekunder. Karbamazepin merupakan obat lini pertama dalam terapi farmakologi Neuralgia trigeminal. Rehabilitasi TENS bermanfaat dalam pengurangan dosis karbamazepin sehingga kemungkinan timbul efek sampingnya berkurang namun tidak mengubah skala nyeri pasien. Terapi pembedahan yang paling efektif bagi pasien Neuralgia trigeminal akibat kompresi adalah microvascular decompression. Terapi yang adekuat untuk pasien Neuralgia trigeminal dapat mengurangi resiko timbulnya komplikasi.
LAPORAN KASUS: KATARAK SENILIS MATUR
Authors: I Gusti Ngurah Anom Supradnya  , Ni Putu Narithya Julieta  , I Putu Bayu Surya Pradipta  , I Kadek Dwiki Anjasmara  , Anak Agung Ayu Lie Lhiannza Mahendra Putri
Published: March 2024

Katarak senilis matur adalah salah satu stadium katarak yang dimana lensa telah mengalami kekeruhan pada seluruh bagian akibat deposisi ion kalsium yang menyeluruh. Di Indonesia sekitar 47% dari orang yang mengalami kebutaan disebabkan oleh katarak. Prevalensi usia orang yang mengalami katarak di Indonesia juga lebih muda daripada di negara barat, yaitu sekitar usia 40-65 tahun, namun seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, prevalensinya semakin banyak. Diagnosis katarak senilis matur dapat ditegakkan dari anamnesis dimana didapatkan penglihatan rabun sejak lama, silau, atau berkabut, pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan visus 1/300 atau hand movement, shadow test negatif, serta refleks fundus negatif. Tatalaksana pada katarak senilis matur adalah dengan pembedahan melalui beberapa tindakan seperti Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE), dan Phaco-emulsification.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (MP-ASI) DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA
Authors: Ni Putu Dewi Sri Wahyuni  , Made Suadnyani Pasek  , Ni Luh Putu Pranena Sastri
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang cukup menjadi perhatian di Indonesia saat ini. Stunting menjadi permasalahan karena berhubungan dengan meningkatnya risiko terjadinya kesakitan dan kematian, perkembangan otak suboptimal sehingga perkembangan motorik terlambat dan terhambatnya pertumbuhan mental. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2013 terjadi peningkatan kasus stunting di Indonesia dari dari 36,8% pada tahun 2010 menjadi 37,2% pada tahun 2013.Terdapat beberapa faktor risiko yang menyebabkan timbulnya stunting diantaranya ASI Eksklusif dan MP-ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan MP-ASI dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan di Desa Sekumpul, Kecamatan Sawan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional di Desa Sekumpul, Kecamatan Sawan, Kabupaten Buleleng. Subyek penelitian adalah ibu yang memiliki balita usia 24-59 bulan yang berjumlah 50 orang.  Analisis statistik dengan analisis regresi logistik ganda. Pengumpulan data dengan melihat buku KMS dan Wawancara. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan hubungan antara ASI Eksklusif dengan status stunting. Ditemukan adanya hubungan antara MP-ASI dalam hal usia pemberian, frekuensi pemberian, dan porsi pemberian MP-ASI dengan status stunting.

Kata kunci: Stunting, Balita, ASI Eksklusif, MP-ASI (Makanan Pendamping ASI)

 

Abstract

Stunting is one of the health problems that is getting enough attention in Indonesia at this time. Stunting is a problem because it is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, suboptimal brain development resulting in delayed motor development and retarded mental growth. Based on Riskesdas 2013 data, there was an increase in cases of stunting in Indonesia from 36.8% in 2010 to 37.2% in 2013. There are several risk factors that cause stunting, including exclusive breastfeeding and complementary breastfeeding. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and complementary breastfeeding with the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 months in Sekumpul Village, Sawan District. This research used quantitative observational analytic research with a cross sectional approach in Sekumpul Village, Sawan District, Buleleng Regency. The research subjects were mothers who had toddlers aged 24-59 months, with total subjects 50 peoples. Statistical analysis with multiple logistic regression analysis. Data collection by looking at KMS books and interviews. In this study, no relationship was found between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting status. It was found that there was a relationship between complementary breastfeeding in terms of age given, frequency of giving, and with stunting status.

Keywords : Stunting, Toddler, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary Breastfeeding
SINDROM ORTNER (CARDIO VOCAL HOARSENESS): KASUS KLASIK DAN TIDAK UMUM DI DAERAH RURAL
Authors: Putra Ngurah Agung Reza Satria Nugraha
Published: March 2024

Demam rematik merupakan penyebab utama stenosis mitral di seluruh dunia. Sindrom Ortner (cardiovocal syndrome) adalah komplikasi yang jarang terjadi pada stenosis mitral rematik. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kelumpuhan saraf laring kiri yang berulang, terutama disebabkan oleh penekanan saraf mekanis dari struktur kardiovaskular yang membesar. Seorang wanita berusia 76 tahun dengan penyakit jantung rematik kronis mengeluhkan suara serak selama 17 hari disertai sesak napas, mual, dan muntah selama 1 minggu. Pemeriksaan auskultasi menunjukkan bunyi jantung pertama yang keras di daerah mitral serta irama yang tidak teratur. Pada pemeriksaan elektrokardiogram ditemukan deviasi aksis kanan dan fibrilasi atrium. Rontgen dada menunjukkan adanya kardiomegali. Meskipun fungsi ventrikel kiri dan kanan normal, ekokardiografi menunjukkan stenosis mitral yang parah disertai regurgitasi mitral ringan. Pengobatan konservatif diberikan yaitu berupa kombinasi diuretik, beta-blocker, antagonis vitamin K, dan penghambat reseptor angiotensin. Dokter THT juga dikonsultasikan, dan pasien dirawat secara konservatif.
GAMBARAN KLINIS PASIEN HEMOROID YANG DI RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN BULELENG PADA TAHUN 2020-2021
Authors: Dinata I Gede Surya , Agustisni Ni Nyoman Mestri , Udrayana Oka , Ulandari Komang Sherly
Published: March 2024

Hemoroid merupakan penyakit anorektal tersering dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi di dunia. Insiden kasus hemoroid berkisar 5,7% atau 12,5 juta orang dari total populasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran klinis pasien hemoroid yang di rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng pada tahun 2020-2021. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan beberapa tahapan yang dimulai dari bulan Maret 2022 hingga bulan November 2022. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pasien hemoroid yang di rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng pada tahun 2020-2021 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 21 orang. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, gejala klinis, penegakkan diagnosis, klasifikasi hemoroid, derajat hemoroid, tatalaksana, dan komplikasi pasca operasi. Data yang diperoleh akan disajikan menggunakan software Microsoft Excel yang dianalisis dengan program SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). Data yang sudah terkumpul disajikan dalam bentuk tabel berupa nilai rata-rata, frekuensi, dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata dari variabel usia adalah 51.81 tahun dengan simpang baku + 14.962, jenis kelamin terbanyak ditemukan yaitu laki-laki 15 orang (71.4%), gejala klinis yang paling sering dirasakan berdasarkan keluhan utamanya yaitu keluar darah pada anus sebanyak 8 orang (38.1%), penegakkan diagnosis yang paling sering digunakan melalui RT/DRE sebanyak 21 orang (100.0%), klasifikasi hemoroid yang paling sering ditemukan adalah hemoroid internal sebanyak 19 orang (90.5%), derajat hemoroid yang paling sering ditemukan adalah derajat 4 sebanyak 9 orang (42.9%), tatalaksana yang sering digunakan adalah terapi operatif dengan haemorrhoidectomy sejumlah 15 pasien (71.4%), dan komplikasi pasca operasi lebih sering tidak ditemukan sebanyak 21 orang (100.0%)
GAMBARAN TINGKAT KEPARAHAN DISMENOREA PADA MAHASISWI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
Authors: Arsani Ni Luh Kade Alit , Ardika Ni Luh Putu Kurnia Indah Sari , Budiawan Made
Published: March 2024

Dismenorea merupakan salah satu masalah menstruasi yang sering terjadi pada wanita. Dismenorea terjadi akibat kelebihan produksi prostaglandin yang menyebabkan peningkatan kontraktilitas uterus yang menyebabkan iskemia dan hipoksia pada otot uterus. Dismenorea paling banyak terjadi dalam rentangan usia 18-24 tahun. Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran juga merupakan kelompok beresiko mengalami gangguan menstruasi seperti dismenorea. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat keparahan dismenorea pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan Juli hingga Oktober 2022. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang (cross sectional). Populasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah seluruh mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha yang terdiri dari mahasiswi Program Studi Profesi Kedokteran angkatan 2018, mahasiswi Program Studi Kedokteran angkatan 2019, 2020, dan 2021 serta mahasiswi Program Studi D3 Kebidanan angkatan 2020 dan 2021. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah 243 mahasiswi. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah tingkat keparahan dismenorea yang diukur dengan metode WaLIDD Score. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari responden dengan pengisian kuesioner. Data dalam bentuk kategorikal akan dideskripsikan  dalam bentuk jumlah (n) dan persen (%). Data dianalisis menggunakan program Microsoft Excel dan Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah mahasiswi yang mengalami dismenorea adalah 231 orang (95,1%). Tingkat keparahan dismenorea yang paling sering dialami oleh mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha adalah tingkat dismenorea sedang dengan jumlah 112 orang (46,1%). Kemudian diikuti dengan tingkat dismenorea ringan dengan jumlah 98 orang (40,3%), tingkat dismenorea berat sejumlah 21 orang (8,6%) dan tanpa dismenorea dengan jumlah 12 orang (4,9%).
NYERI KEPALA SENTINEL PADA PERDARAHAN SUBARAKHNOID
Authors: Wiratama Bayu Kresna , Kamelia Luh Putu Lina , Kesanda I Made Phala , Agustini Ni Nyoman Mestri , Kapakisan T. I Ketut S.
Published: March 2024

Perdarahan Subarakhnoid (PSA) adalah kondisi perdarahan pada area subarakhnoid yang terletak pada otak. Gejala umum yang dirasakan pasien dan merupakan ciri khas gejala PSA adalah thunderclap headache yang muncul dengan onset mendadak dan mencapai intensitas nyeri maksimum dalam hitungan detik hingga menit namun tidak sedikit pula pasien mengalami nyeri kepala sentinel sebagai penanda awal PSA. Pasien perempuan 52 tahun dikeluhkan keluarganya mengalami kesadaran menurun ±30 menit disertai dengan ditemukannya muntah makanan. Setelah sadar pasien mengeluhkan pusing sejak ±20 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit yang semakin memberat setiap harinya dan hari ini tiba – tiba memuncak dalam waktu singkat. Pada pemeriksaan CT-Scan didapatkan Saccular Aneurysm di ICA/PCoA Junction sisi kiri dengan tanda rupture pada sisi inferior. Terapi yang diberikan berupa loading 300 cc Normal Saline 0,9%, Manitol 200 cc yang dilanjutkan 100 cc sebanyak 6x tapering off, Asam Tranexamat 3x1 gram, Dexamethasone 2x5 mg intravena, Pantoprazole 2x40 mg intravena, Paracetamol 1gr@6 jam intravena, Nimodipin 2.2 cc/jam dan pasien dirawat di ruang ICU selama 5 hari dan dilanjutkan perawatan di HCU Stroke Unit RSUD Kabupaten Buleleng selama 5 hari,
KAJIAN YURIDIS PASAL 31 TENTANG FRASA BUKTI PERMULAAN YANG CUKUP DAN PASAL 31A TENTANG FRASA KEADAAN MENDESAK DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME
Authors: Sadvika Dewi Made Vira , Sugi Hartono Made , Ardhya Si Ngurah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mencari tahu dan menganalisis interpretasi dari ketentuan Pasal 31 tentang frasa bukti permulaan yang cukup dan Pasal 31A tentang frasa keadaan mendesak dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018, (2) mengetahui dan menganalisis konsekuensi hukum apabila penyadapan tidak dibarengi penetapaan ketua pengadilan negeri. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual serta pendekatan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum yang dipergunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah melalui studi pustaka. Teknik analisis bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan (1) Frasa bukti permulaan permulaan yang cukup pada Pasal 31 Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 diartikan sebagai minimal 2 alat bukti. Makna frasa keadaan mendesak dalam Pasal 31A dapat dilihat dalam Pasal 84 ayat (2) rancangan KUHP, (2) Konsekunesi hukum apabila penyadapan tidak dibarengi dengan penetapan ketua pengadilan negeri pada proses penyadapan yang sedang berlangsung di tahap penyidikan adalah penyadapan tersebut harus dihentikan serta alat bukti hasil penyadapan tersebut tidak bisa digunakan sebagai alat bukti. Konsekuensi hukum apabila penyadapan tidak dibarengi penetapan ketua pengadilan negeri pada proses pemeriksaan alat bukti di pengadilan maka alat bukti hasil penyadapan dengan cara tidak sah dan harus dikesampingkan oleh hakim atau dianggap tidak mempunyai nilai pembuktian di pengadilan, dan alat bukti tersebut dapat dimusnahkan oleh pusat pemantauan Polisi Republik Indonesia.
IMPLEMENTASI KEPUTUSAN MAJELIS UTAMA DESA PAKRAMAN (MUDP) PROVINSI BALI NOMOR: 01/KEP/PSM-3/MDP BALI/X/2010 TERHADAP PEWARISAN WANITA HINDU BALI (STUDI KASUS DESA ADAT JINENGDALEM)
Authors: Aldi Putra Gede Wahyu , Ardhya Si Ngurah , Sudiatmaka Ketut
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Implementasi tentang Keputusan Majelis Utama Desa Pakraman (MUDP) Provinsi Bali No: 01/kep/psm-3/mdp bali/X/2010 terhadap pewarisan Wanita Hindu Bali di Desa Jinengdalem, (2) Hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pewarisan Wanita Hindu Bali di Desa Jinengdalem berdasarkan Keputusan MUDP Provinsi Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis empiris yang bersifat deskrptif. Teknik penentuan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Subjek dalam penelitian ini antara lain yaitu Kepala Desa Jinengdalem, Ketua Majelis Desa Adat Kabupaten Buleleng, Kelian Adat Desa Jinengdalem dan masyarakat adat Desa Jinengdalem. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah isi Keputusan Majelis Utama Desa Pakraman (MUDP) Provinsi Bali No: 01/kep/psm-3/mdp bali/X/2010 serta lokasi penelitian di Desa Jinengdalem. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah Teknik studi dokumen, Teknik wewancara (interview) dan teknik observasi. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisa secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) Kepala Desa Jinengdalem, Ketua Majelis Desa Adat Kabupaten Buleleng, Kelian Adat Desa Jinengdalem dan masyarakat belum menerima keputusan tersebut, karena masih kuatnya kebiasaan-kebiasaan dimasyarakat terhadap budaya patrilineal dan Desa Jinengdalem sangat mempertahankan awig-awig desa dalam penyelenggaraan kehidupan desa. (2) belum terealisasikan isi Keputusan Majelis Utama Desa Pakraman (MUDP) Provinsi Bali No: 01/kep/psm-3/mdp bali/X/2010. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh system kemasyarakatan patrilineal yang sangat mengakar tumbuh di Desa Jinengdalem.