bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2001: A Research Odyssey
Authors: Wills Stefan
Published: May 2004

Proposes a framework for gaining a greater understanding of all types of
managerial learning, which builds on Bateson′s notion of levels of
learning, which provides an ideal context in which to position the range
of views expressed by the management tutors. Reveals that their
assumptions and beliefs about learning and teaching tend to be guided by
the essential nature of their respective subject discipline, which
revolves around the notion of “hard” and “soft” disciplines and, hence,
provides a rationale for teaching different types of learning and
affects course content and design. Analyses the differences of approach
by dissecting the learning process into a series of phases which are
part of a cyclical model. Reveals large variations in the degree of
importance placed on pre‐ and post‐course activity. Explores this model
in greater depth by discussing a particular Ashridge general management
programme, which uses this framework extensively to guide its
development. Concludes by suggesting that management educators should
refrain from deluding both themselves and their clients that all tutors,
from a variety of subject disciplines, share the same basic assumptions
about learning. In fact, it is imperative that they do not share the
same basic assumptions, if they are really serious about tailoring
learning to individual client needs.
Tough Challenges
Authors: Smith Bryan , Morphey Grahame
Published: May 2004

Management is as much about tackling tough challenges as it is about
creating success. However, there has been no major focus on learning
from tough challenges and the difficulties people experience as a
consequence. Describes the first phase of a survey in this area, based
on interviews with 55 managers plus 50 responses to questionnaires.
Concludes there is a gap in the capacity of organizations to adapt and
learn. Specifically, organizations seemed to be lacking in skill areas
and systems that would help managers learn from the experience of their
tough challenges. This could hold organizations back in the ability to
develop competitiveness.
Center for Creative Leadership
Authors: Noer David M.
Published: May 2004

Discusses the broad range of topics to develop models of proficient
leadership practices by the Center for Creative Leadership. Outlines the
training programmes, instruments, and publications designed to improve
the effectiveness of managers and leaders. Integrates the research and
application results in dynamic perspectives on leadership and
development issues.
Cultural, social and organizational transitions: the consequences
for the Hungarian manager
Authors: Simon Lenke , Davies Goronwy
Published: May 2004

Provides an interpretation of some of the consequences of recent
transitions in Hungary and how these consequences have affected
managerial behaviour in that country. Using a qualitative methodology
argues that the powerful effect of the transition at a societal and an
individual level must be placed in the context of the recent past in
Hungary. The explanations of managers′ perceived behaviour in Hungary
are inconclusive when using inferences based on frequently and commonly
applied research assumptions explaining the behaviour by reference to
experiences of state‐socialism alone. Numerous behavioural phenomena,
albeit not independent from the past, can be explained equally well by
the effect of transition on people. The effects of transition will be
interpreted as a form of societal acculturation experienced as
acculturative stress at the individual level. Submits that these
interpretations have validity when explaining people in international
organizational settings which themselves can further exacerbate
acculturative stress.
Integrated cross‐cultural business training
Authors: Montagno Ray V.
Published: May 2004

Addresses the theme of the internationalization of business practice at a time when research indicates that US firms are providing less training to prepare managers to be internationally effective than are firms in other industrialized countries. Describes a training programme developed for middle managers of GoldStar Electronics Corporation of Korea, a division of the Lucky GoldStar Group, by Ball State University, Indiana. Details the genesis of this inter‐departmental venture from conception to programme delivery. Gives the rationale for the 12‐day programme’s components and an account of activities through which trainees acquire the desired experiences of American culture and business practices. Highlights the overall objective as developing an understanding in participants of the process of learning about other cultures and practices. Since the rationale eschews national‐cultural specificity, argues that the programme would be equally applicable to US managers with global remits.
Managing cross‐cultural challenges: a pre‐K lesson for training in the Gaza Strip
Authors: Zaharna R.S.
Published: May 2004

Contends that as the race for training ventures grows increasingly global trainers may find their cultural skills are as valuable as their own particular expertise. Uses a case study from the Gaza Strip to explore the cross‐cultural challenges that emerged to shape the project design and dictate critical training solutions. Although Gaza is an atypical training context, given the current political situation, the experience provided valuable lessons that others may use in working in high‐stress training locales.
The working executive: the developmental role of executive degree programmes
Authors: Hilgert Arnie D.
Published: May 2004

Explores the developmental role and meaning of executive degree programmes in the lives of working executive participants. Uses Levinson’s concepts of developmental stages, the central components of the life structure, and Mead’s concept that meaning is found in the response of the other, as the theoretical framework. Data were gathered using semi‐structured interviews that explored respondents’ work life, biographical and family influences, and the educational experience. A short questionnaire was used to gather demographic data. The subjects were executive participants in the Executive Program at The Claremont Graduate School. The sample of 12 ranged from 36 to 55 years of age. The respondents were equally distributed by gender. The data supported Mead’s notion that the meaning of the degree programme would be found in the response of significant others. The interview data indicated that respondents enjoyed a high level of support for their educational goals from significant others at home and at work. There was no support for Levinson’s model where the role/meaning of the programme would be different for participants at different stages of adulthood. However, the experience did effect life structures in predictable ways.
How effective are senior managers in the Romanian public sector?
Authors: Analoui Farhad
Published: May 2004

Increased managerial effectiveness has been a concern for academics, management trainers and developers. However, the topic has remained relatively unexplored, especially so far as the effectiveness of the senior managers and officials is concerned. Examines results of first‐time study which has been carried out in the Romanian public sector. Finds that senior managers are aware of the needs for their own and others’ effectiveness and desire for development, and that the presence of certain conditions, some specific to Eastern European countries, tend to act as inhibiting factors insofar as the development of the senior managers is concerned. Concludes that effectiveness should be defined as functions of awareness of self and other organizationally shared and unshared values, constraints, demands and choices available to senior managers and their abilities and skills to get the job done. Thus, further understanding of the topic requires attention being paid to managers, their work, organization and social realities as they are and not as one expects them to be.
Lead in Buildings and Surveyors′ Responsibilities
Authors: Osborn Michael J.
Published: May 2004

Draws attention to the poisonous effects of lead and details the
legislation which protects those who work in industries which use lead
in their processes and manufactures. Gives particular consideration to
lead in paint, especially to be found in houses built pre‐1965, and the
inherent dangers in the removal of such paint to contractors, DIY
enthusiasts and the occupants, especially children, who are more
susceptible to lead absorption. Provides details of preventive measures,
and concludes that surveyors have a responsibility to warn of the
dangers of lead in property and to test for its presence in paint and
water supplies.
Vandalism: Risk Assessment for Schools
Authors: Davies Hilary , Stevens Christopher
Published: May 2004

Reports on a risk assessment survey, piloted in five London schools,
which aimed to assess the schools′ susceptibility to vandalism, and to
establish which elements had the greatest effect on such vandalism.
Findings show that most schools suffer vandalism of external areas, the
level of which depends on boundary definition and maintenance, the
number of entrances, whether sites are patrolled, and a building′s
geometry. Suggests that objective risk assessment for schools is
possible, and that headteachers can use such assessment to protect their
schools more cost‐effectively.
Fire Safety and Protection in Historic Buildings in England and Ireland
– Part II
Authors: Pickard Rob
Published: May 2004

Outlines a broad strategy for fire safety management, including the
development of a proper safety manual, the appointment of a fire safety
manager, written emergency procedures, site plans, ongoing maintenance
and evaluation of safety systems, and post‐fire procedures. Briefly
discusses upgrading structures with sensitivity, which is of particular
concern regarding historic buildings, and details specific materials and
techniques which may be relevant. Discusses building‐control issues in
Ireland and current fire‐control regulations both there and pertaining
to the EC.
Continuous Measurement of Moisture in Timber
Authors: Pope D.J. , Taylor G.D.
Published: May 2004

Reports on a research programme, undertaken at the Structural Timber
Research Unit of the University of Brighton, UK, which aimed to provide
information on the long‐term structural performance of Glulam timber. In
particular, addresses the issue of continuously measuring the moisture
content of beams undergoing creep testing in a cyclic humidity
environment. Suggests that the method of testing described could be of
particular use in situations where there is limited access and where
there is a history of moisture penetration associated with unusual roof
designs and older buildings subject to preservation orders.
Environmental Lead Contamination:
Authors: Kendler Barry S.
Published: May 2004

Aims to: familiarize the audience with the potentially serious
consequences of exposure to lead and ways of preventing them; facilitate
understanding of how massive environmental contamination with lead
occurred, and is still happening, with the expectation that this
knowledge will be useful in designing strategies to reduce environmental
contamination with lead and other toxic substances, in the future;
emphasizes the relevance of lead to the subject‐matter of virtually
every department in schools of arts and sciences in anticipation that
some instructors will incorporate this information into their respective
courses to increase their students′ awareness of this topic. Discusses
some of the properties and uses of lead and its compounds and then
indicates its ubiquitous presence in air, water, soil, dust and food.
Considers some effects of exposure to lead and describes some pivotal
contributions of various researchers. Explores the role of lead in
history, in literature and in art. Briefly surveys occupational exposure
to lead in the USA and elsewhere. Describes the reasons for, and
consequences of, lead in petrol and in paint. Summarizes an outstanding
paper on the topic of values and lead. Finally, based on an examination
of a portion of the voluminous literature on lead, offers some opinions
on this subject.
Bricks: Properties and Classifications
Authors: Lynch G.C.J.
Published: May 2004

Studies the various contemporary standard brick products that are
available and examines in detail their inherent properties and
classifications which ensures that British bricks conform to the
requirements of British Standards Specifications. These properties are
significant and the engineer and architect must give them due
consideration, for it is their responsibility to ensure they specify
correctly for particular applications, and in so doing they should bear
in mind that all bricks are not necessarily appropriate for all
applications. This information will help professionals to make
well‐considered judgements on brick selection and application.
Urban Conservation in the Republic of Ireland: The Dublin Example
– Part 1
Authors: Pickard Rob
Published: May 2004

Concentrates on the importance of the European Commission′s Green Paper
on the Urban Environment which recognizes the need to preserve the
historical heritage of the built environment. Highlights the work which
needs to be done to reach the level of architectural preservation in the
Republic of Ireland comparable with that of The Netherlands and the UK.
Lists the history of planning and conservation in Ireland, the
conservation apparent in Dublin and the improvements in policy being
undertaken by the Government. Assesses the effectiveness of the
building preservation policy in Dublin from a number of standpoints and
concentrates on the case example of 95 Capel Street concerning dangerous
listed buildings and the willingness of building safety management to
deal with such problems sympathetically.
New York Terracotta
Authors: Swallow P.G.
Published: May 2004

Traces the development of terracotta in the USA, by particular reference
to its use in buildings erected in New York. The influence of
architectural developments in England utilizing terracotta during the
1860s and early 1870s is recognized, and the transfer of British craft
skills and manufacturing expertise to the USA are described. The role
played by terracotta in the development of fire resisting construction,
and its subsequent widespread use as a cladding for the early iron and
steel framed skyscrapers is examined. Representative examples of the use
of terracotta in New York, and especially Manhattan, are described and
illustrated for the period from 1850 to the decline in its use with the
onset of World War II.
Developments in Assessing the Structural Integrity of Applied Surfaces
to Concrete Buildings
Authors: Stanley Christopher C. , Balendran R.V.
Published: May 2004

Debonding, leading to the subsequent detachment of applied finishes to
concrete buildings, is becoming a serious problem in many parts of the
world. Checking building elevations by employing the technique of
Infra‐red Thermography using a process developed by the writer can give
advance warning of potential defects. This can enable early remedial
action to be undertaken to repair a building surface before it becomes
detached from the concrete substrate, possibly resulting in a hazard to
passers‐by. The thermographic test method has been compared with other
more traditionally used NDT methods including sounding, rebound hammer,
and ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. Although the thermographic
equipment is initially more expensive, the surveying method can be shown
to be faster and more accurate than any other technique currently
available for this type of building evaluation.
High rise refurbishment: a brave new world or old problems recycled
Authors: Davies Hilary
Published: May 2004

Government funding is directed towards the refurbishment of
run‐down high‐rise blocks and estates of local authority housing through
Estate Action. While glossy annual reports advertise excellent results,
what independent evidence is there to support the policies recommended
by PEP and Estate Action? The number of follow‐up surveys is extremely
limited. When the sums of money spent annually through Estate Action are
considered, this unaccountability is surely not acceptable.
Additionally, on a local scale, individual local authorities should take
the time to discover whether or not their schemes have been as
successful with the tenants as they were intended to be and to ensure
that any feedback is incorporated into future projects. Tenant surveys
of two refurbished high‐rise tower blocks have been undertaken. The
intention was to determine the levels of tenant satisfaction and
relative success of the two schemes. Were these schemes an effective and
efficient use of funds? Have they solved at least some of the wide range
of problems which tower blocks such as these typically experience?
Additionally, estate managers were interviewed to determine their views
on the relative success of each scheme. Have these schemes indeed
managed to “improve the quality of life of run down housing
estates through refurbishment, tenant/ management initiatives and
partnerships with the private sector...” (Sir George Young, 1985
speech as Minister for Housing and Planning, launching the Urban Housing
and Renewal Unit (UHRU) later to become Estate Action).
“Jerry building” – surveyors′ liability arising
out of mortgage valuations
Authors: Murrells Paul
Published: May 2004

Considers three cases decided in 1993 and 1994 relating to a
surveyor′s liability for failing to comment adequately on serious
defects in properties when carrying out inspections and reports for
mortgage valuation purposes. In two of the cases the judges were so
concerned by the condition of the property as to describe its
construction as having been “jerry built”. In each of the
three cases, a substantial award of damages was made against the
surveyors concerned although two of the awards were subsequently reduced
on appeal. However, the findings of negligence against the surveyors
were upheld.
Railings
Authors: Catt Richard
Published: May 2004

The second part of the “Small urban spaces” series
compares and contrasts the qualities of wrought iron, cast iron and
steel railings, from both the aesthetic and the practical point of view.
Describes the composition and method of manufacture of the three types
of iron. Suggests the best methods of preservation, conservation and
repair for each type.
Minimizing pest risk in dwellings
Authors: Murphy R.G. , Todd S.
Published: May 2004

Explains ways to mitigate the effects of various species of pests in dwellings, dealing with three distinct groups ‐ insects, rodents and birds. There are now many other species, apart from fleas, lice and bedbugs, which have evolved to capitalize on the more recent environmental modifications which man has undertaken. Looks at several objections, apart from the aesthetic, to the presence of pests in dwellings including significant risks to health, deterioration of the structure itself and economic loss. Examines potential pest problems which may arise in new designs/construction and suggest possible solutions.
The surveying of stone slate roofs in the Yorkshire Dales
Authors: Scott Alan
Published: May 2004

Deals with the surveying of stone slate roofs within the Yorkshire Dales National Park. Initially examines the history of stone slating in the area and then identifies problems today due to lack of new materials and loss of craft techniques. Gives practical advice on the surveying of the roof coverings and preliminary guidance on preparation and equipment. This is then followed by a standard format approach to the survey dealing with the coverings, ridge, verge and other details, followed by the internal inspection and condition of the slates, battens and fixings. Discusses costings and concludes that a standard format is the most suitable and that the building professional should be aware of regional variations when working with the material. Detailed surveys of the roof will allow repairs and replacement to be specified confidently.
Improving the sound insulation of timber floor constructions with lath and plaster ceilings
Authors: Roberts John Peter , Peyvandi A. , Hill C.J.
Published: May 2004

Reports on a project to test and develop methods for improving the sound insulation of party floors in larger, older dwellings converted into flats. Investigates the effects on performance of poor workmanship during installation and gives some assessment of likely comparative costs to be incurred.
Coalport Bridge Tollhouse, 1793‐1995
Authors: Bemrose Alan , Sather Kathryn
Published: May 2004

Details the restoration of Coalport Bridge Tollhouse in Shropshire, a historic building which had fallen into disrepair. Presents the historical and structural surveys carried out and lists the sources of information.
Surveying small urban spaces
Authors: Catt Richard
Published: May 2004

This seventh article in the “Small urban spaces” series deals with the “hardware” of squares and similar enclosures including statues, seating and bollards. Railing and pavings have been covered in earlier articles.
Building surveys of residential property ‐ the new guidance note
Authors: Poole Anthony L.
Published: May 2004

Discusses the new guidance notes for building surveys of residential properties. Details, first, the background to the Building Surveyors’ Division’s new practice note setting out guidelines for surveys of residential properties.
The consolidation and repair of standing ruins: medieval churches in Norfolk: part II
Authors: Watt David S.
Published: May 2004

Points out that ruins have long held a fascination for those concerned with images of picturesque charm or sublime horror. Recent attitudes have broadened in an appreciation of the potential that standing ruins and their sites have for students of architecture, archaeology and landscape history, while many are now examining the roles that these remains might also have for the flora and fauna of a particular location. Examines the work that is being undertaken to consolidate and repair a number of ruined churches in the county of Norfolk and illustrates how such work can broaden the base from which other projects may be undertaken. Part I considered how a group of standing ruins had been seen to provide sufficient social and economic value to justify a significant investment of public money. Part II discusses the practical issues raised by such work.Quality indicators Research implications** Practice implications** Originality** Readability***
Adjudication on JCT 81 contracts
Authors: Ensom Anthony C.
Published: May 2004

The purpose of the article is to highlight for adjudicators key issues arising under the JCT 81 standard form of building contract which need to be understood in order to reach adjudicator’s decisions. It discusses the responsibility for design and the certifying and valuing functions of the contract administrator and quantity surveyor under JCT 80 and compares them with the way they are dealt with in JCT 81. The employer’s requirements, the contractor’s proposals and the contract sum analysis together with the role of the employer’s agent in JCT 81 are explained. The article concludes with advice to adjudicators and comments on the apparent reduction of disputes under JCT 81.
Should we take disintermediation seriously?
Authors: Fourie Ina
Published: May 2004

The implications of disintermediation for librarians and information specialists (intermediaries) can be experienced as either a threat of a challenge, depending on how the issue is viewed. The different ways in which information specialists can react to disintermediation are discussed. Although most of these are viable, none addresses all implications of disintermediation. A holistic approach to disintermediation is therefore proposed, in which the situation of the intermediary is viewed within the wider society. The following aspects should be analysed with regard to their effect on disintermediation: changes in the society at large, the availability of information sources, the process of information searching, the specific organisations in which intermediaries operate, and the availability of information services. The specific end‐users and the information specialists involved should also be analysed. With this approach it will be found that the effects of disintermediation will vary according to the particular situations. To prepare information specialists for the effects of disintermediation, their training should also be adapted accordingly.
Storing and viewing electronic documents
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Describes several software packages which are suitable for converting paper documents of value into electronic form. Looks at the merits of each system including features, price and sources for further information. Considers the advantages and drawbacks of publishing such items on the World Wide Web. Covers products such as Imaging for Windows Professional, Pagis Pro, Paperless Office and Presto! PageManager.
Evaluation of library Web sites: the Danish case
Authors: Clausen Helge
Published: May 2004

This paper presents the major findings from the project “Development of new methods for evaluation of library Web sites on the World Wide Web”. The report includes a brief examination and discussion of quality applied to Web sites in general and concerning library Web sites in particular. Findings from a few empirical surveys are presented. A new list of quality criteria for evaluation of academic libraries is compiled. The list is tested on three Danish academic libraries. Finally, a revised list of criteria is applied to twelve major Danish academic libraries. The findings include the panellists’ scores and their verbal comments. The main conclusion is that the Web sites of the Danish academic libraries in question are above average compared with Web sites in general. They do not, however, come up to expectations as virtual expressions of the quality levels of the libraries. This situation can only be improved if the libraries allocate the necessary resources regarding updating and development of the Web sites. This should be done on the basis of regular user studies and comparative evaluations.
Virtual OPACs versus union database: two models of union catalogue provision
Authors: Cousins Shirley
Published: May 2004

Z39.50 is often put forward as a means of providing a virtual union catalogue without the need for a physical union database. This paper considers some of the major technical and organisational issues involved in virtual catalogue production, contrasting them with the traditional union catalogue approach exemplified by COPAC. A way of integrating these two models of the union catalogue is suggested, which would allow effective service provision in the immediate future.
Access versus holdings: document delivery realities
Authors: Boyle Frances , Davies Mary
Published: May 2004

The access versus holdings debate has been one of the “hot topics” within the information world for some time, and the performance of document delivery services is an integral part of the discussion. This article focuses on work currently being undertaken at the University of Liverpool to investigate and evaluate existing and future document supply services. Reference is made to related literature, the background to the pilot projects is explained, and the criteria utilised for the inclusion of services are propounded. A detailed evaluation of the following services is included: BL’s inside, BODOS, Ei Text from Elsevier Engineering Information Inc., LAMDA and UnCover. Preliminary results are reported. The conclusion to date is that, in their current from, document delivery services cannot be seen as a panacea for resolving the holdings versus access debate.
Computer intrusions and attacks
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Many library computers are now connected to each other through networks and to the rest of the world through the Internet. Current information of unprecedented scope and scale is now available on the computer screen. There is, however, a dark side to all this computer interconnectivity, since it increases the possibility of diliberate unsolicited intrusion into library computers. When such an intrusion occurs, it may come in the form of a computer virus playfully invented by some computer hacker, or it may come as an uninvited e‐mail message from an eager online salesman. There are even some spiteful, vengeful, paranoid attackers who aim to cause destruction. Some intrusions can damage valuable computer‐stored information; others m ay simply divert the attention of a computer user. Protective measures should be taken to avoid some intrusions; others can simply be ignored. In this article, we take a look at some frequently encountered computer intrusions.
Industry experts gather to map future of libraries
Authors: Leslie Don
Published: May 2004

Vision 2008, a gathering of technology and library experts, was an unprecedented industry think‐tank developed by 3M Library Systems as a means by which the future of our libraries could be projected. Held in October 1998, it was the first of many fora 3M plans to host as it moves toward the year 2008. Under the direction of Northeast Consulting Resources, Inc and its Future Mapping® process, participants worked together to map out a best scenario for the libraries of the future. The information exchanged at Vision 2008 will help 3M continue to develop innovations to assist libraries in meeting their goals for the future.
Library automation: today’s successes and concerns
Authors: Cibbarelli Pamela
Published: May 2004

Looks at the vision of an integrated online system of access originally held by librarians and the developments in technology which have led to new visions and concepts in library automation. Presents an overview of the leading vendors in this field and briefly outlines their products and their sales figures.
Maximising reference services in a pharmaceutical R&D library
Authors: Delaney Emma L.
Published: May 2004

November 1998 marked the beginning of a new Reference Services function for SmithKline Beecham (SB) Pharmaceuticals Research and Development (R&D) Library Services Group. After a number of years of excellent but inconsistent service at the multiple site libraries within SB R&D, and no formal reference service available at many of those sites, a period of planning and training has resulted in the ability to provide a consistent, transnational service to all customer groups within R&D, improve access to Reference Services and also provide a measured and timely service. Reference Services has striven to make the best use of Web resources that are available through the Internet and intranet, including using external Web sites to answer enquiries and also creating our own Web pages in order to facilitate access to resources.
Network kits
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Considers the different methods used to connect computers into networks. Discusses speeds, costs and sharing issues. Briefly profiles kits using Ethernet cables, USB cables, telephone wires, electric wires and wireless kits including methods of operation, size and basic capabilities.
Unity Combined Regions Database
Authors: Ryan Deborah
Published: May 2004

Profiles Unity, a regional catalogue containing 10 million titles. Briefly outlines the background and the users of United before looking at the catalogues available, methods of operation and technical information. Considers the future scope of the project, the merging of databases, record editing systems, updating and future developments.
University management of locally‐created electronic resources: the CATRIONA II project
Authors: Nicholson Dennis
Published: May 2004

A summary of key aspects of the final report of the eLib‐funded CATRIONA II project which investigated questions relating to the university management of locally‐created electronic resources from a UK‐wide perspective, but within the context of surveys and discussions carried out in Scottish universities. Quality electronic teaching and research resources, which are of significant value or potential value to academics, universities and the UK Higher Education community in general, are being ceated at high levels in all types of university. However, since they are not being created with the aim of wider access and use, few are networked, most are difficult to find or in difficult to access electronic formats, and consequently are unlikely to be suitable for reuse by other institutions or even other departments in the host institution. There can also be other problems such as a lack of clarity on the copyright position of resources on university Web sites and a failure to protect potentially valuable university resources from copyright infringement. University management of services offering access to these resources within and beyond the host institution would greatly improve the value that both the host institution and UK Higher Education as a whole obtain from this material and the effort that goes into creating it – particularly if local efforts were co‐ordinated nationally to ensure resource design standardisation and service interoperability. Universities appear to regard the issue as important and see the advantages of managing services as outweighing the disadvantages. Most institutions appear to envisage University Libraries playing a key role in the management of services.
Library web site innovations
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Reviews the Web sites of over 2,000 public libraries mainly in the USA, and reports on some of the new ways which have been found to present themselves to their patrons and the World Wide Web audience. Identifies methods such as virtual tours, calendar displays, audiovisual materails, resource listings, book clubs and money‐raising activities. Considers the use of tutorials as a method of support.
Empowering users – current awareness on the Internet
Authors: Fourie Ina
Published: May 2004

The users of information services should be enabled to fully exploit current awareness services (CAS) on the Internet to their own benefit and also that of the larger organisation. Services available via the Internet have added to the importance of current awareness, the meaning of the concept of CAS and the purposes served by CAS. Empowerment requires commitment by both parties (information services and their users), a supportive environment, a clear idea of the outcomes to be achieved, and a new attitude to the training methods and opportunities to employ. The planning of CAS empowerment programmes within the familiar constraints on information services is considered. Aspects users should know about Internet CAS are identified, the role of the information specialist is considered and a few suggestions are made about the implementation of empowerment programmes. This article is based on a paper read at the Fifth Southern African Online Meeting, held on 9 June 1999, in Midrand, South Africa.
Teaching information management via a web‐based course
Authors: Van Brakel Pieter
Published: May 2004

The unique features of the web, such as hypertext and hypermedia, the large number of web sites with good quality information sources, current developments in electronic commerce, and the developments in digital publishing, are variables working together to provide a fascinating environment wherein diverse teaching and learning experiences can be developed. However, to be successful, courses should be carefully planned. In an environment where more and more tertiary and other institutions are embarking on distance learning programmes, a formal tertiary course can only succeed if it addresses a niche market. Furthermore, if the full advantage of the Internet and the web is to be utilised, the demands on the resources of the specific teaching unit, that is human as well as technical resources, are extremely high. Carefully worked‐out policies and managerial discipline are prerequisites in an environment where successful distance learning courses are being offered. The Postgraduate Diploma in Information Management (PDIM), implemented at the Rand Afrikaans University since 1998, is described as an example of a successful web‐based distance learning programme.
Projecting the library onto the web
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Outlines the library Web page from the remote and internal user points of view. States that the outside user needs to be attracted to the site and find unique material whilst the internal user may require site listings and links which identify material local resources. Discusses ways in which both sets of needs can be satisfied.
Introduction of electronic book ordering with EDIFACT in a special library: a case study
Authors: Stadler Peter , Mernke Ernst , Thomas Martin
Published: May 2004

For some time, the central library at Boehringer Mannheim, a company in the research‐based pharmaceutical industry, has placed the majority of its book orders using EDIFACT. This article describes the situation before the introduction of the system, the technical and organisational preconditions, and the changes that were necessary to DP systems. The results are presented and the new situation of EDI versus the Internet is discussed.
Building and testing a Web‐based community network
Authors: Zielstra Julie
Published: May 2004

Defines community network and looks at the differences between local authority networks, commercial community networks and grass roots community networks. Looks at social inclusion issues, how people read on the web, international user interfaces, disabled accessibility and usability testing. Introduces BRAIN usability testing and discusses the development, standards and use of this system.
The view through the display window
Authors: Falk Howard
Published: May 2004

Looks at the view library users meet when logging on for looking for information resources. Considers the needs of the computer novice, and the more advanced user. Identifies the need for more detail than a basic list of other resources held. Advocates the use of self‐explanatory materials, capturing and holding attention, ways of presenting special collections and updating online display pages.
A digital library for education: the PEN‐DOR project
Authors: Fullerton Karen , Greenberg Jane , McClure Maureen , Rasmussen Edie , Stewart Darin
Published: May 2004

Recent initiatives in digital library research have suggested new models for the creation and organisation of digital information and its dissemination to virtual communities. PEN‐DOR (the Pennsylvania Education Network Digital Object Repository) is a digital library designed to provide access to the collective experience of teachers, students and administrators in public schools in building lesson plans and using curriculum materials. Using the WWW as a platform, PEN‐DOR incorporates current research in digital libraries to provide K‐12 educators with access to multimedia resources and tools to create new lesson plans and presentations, and to modify existing ones. Design problems addressed by the project include the design of a distributed, object‐oriented database architecture, the description and cataloguing of multimedia objects, and issues related to usability and training for a geographically scattered user community. Two critical aspects of the organisation of this digital library are the development of a method for the persistent identification of resources, and the design of a record structure based on recent developments in metadata. Resource identification has been achieved by adopting a system‐wide approach with an upgrade path to the emerging URN standards. In designing a record structure, the PEN‐DOR project has elected to use the GEM (Gateway to Educational Materials) metadata standard developed as part of the GEM union catalogue project. Content for the database is solicited from project partners, government agencies and educational resources Web sites, as well as from participating teachers. Once incorporated in the repository, materials can be organised in frameworks that form the basis for lessons, tutorials and presentations. As frameworks are developed, used, critiqueed and modified, they will form a community memory of past experience. Supported by the state’s Link‐to‐Learn programme, the system will function as a resource for educators throughout Pennsylvania.
Attitudes of Czech managers towards markets and marketing
Authors: Pribova Marie , Savitt Ronald
Published: May 2004

Management attitudes, Examines the attitudes of a cross‐section of
Czech managers with regard to their perceptions about changes brought
about by the transformation process. Replicates a 1992 study in terms of
assessments of important changes including financial structure and
foreign ownership and marketing practices, most notably advertising and
branding. Examines the developing competitive practices. Respondents
observed the importance of “lower prices” in the market
although they noted that their responses to price adjustments were
focused on increases in advertising and promotional activities. The
study is a milestone in the assessment of attitudes towards change among
Czech managers. It will be interesting to note if and how specific
marketing activities change over the next few years.
This thing I call Europe
Authors: Savitt Ronald
Published: May 2004

Asserts that a new environment for marketing is being established in Europe as a result of changing business, cultural, economic and political relationships. Argues that what is happening in Europe is the simultaneous separation and integration of behaviours and structures throughout and between almost all the major institutions. Considers that Americans are not aware of what is taking place in Europe and are continuing to apply outmoded marketing strategies. Companies focus on individual companies and markets for international marketing analysis rather than the large, complex and diverse region of Europe. Markets are taking on new dimensions that defy recognised geographical, political and cultural boundaries. Suggests understanding the differences between markets before trying to discover elements of commonality.
Quality Practices of Indian Organizations:
Authors: Motwani Jaideep G. , Mahmoud Essam , Rice Gillian
Published: May 2004

Identifies critical factors that must be practised to achieve effective
quality management in an organization based on the synthesis of
literature on quality concepts. A framework to be used by organizations
to evaluate their quality practices was developed. A field study was
conducted to identify the degree to which quality management is being
practised in Indian manufacturing organizations and to locate the
organizational areas where better management control can make the
quality programme more effective. Finds that all requirements for
effective quality management can be classified into the following nine
major critical factors: top management; quality policies; role of the
quality department; training; product design; vendor quality management;
process design; quality data; and feedback and employee relations.
Seventy‐three organizations with more than 500 employees and a total
sales volume of over 251 million rupees participated in the study.
Concludes that all nine factors need not be present to ensure the
success of a total quality programme.
An Appraisal of Total Quality at Carello Lighting
Authors: Bohoris G.A. , Coombes J.S. , Blackwell R.H. , Hamer A.C.
Published: May 2004

Carello Lighting is a leading manufacturer of vehicle lighting,
operating within a highly competitive market. Three years ago the
business embarked on a total quality improvement programme developed
with the assistance of the Price Waterhouse Group. Compares the
objectives of the total quality improvement programme as identified by
the management team and as seen by others within the firm. Discusses
specific total quality (TQ) tools and the ways in which these tools have
been adopted since their introduction. Discusses the changes resulting
from the TQ implementation from the perspective of the management team,
staff at Carello and perhaps most importantly, the customer. Comments
on ways in which the programme has been effective and areas where there
is scope for improvement. Illustrates how Carello Lighting has realized
significant benefits from the TQ programme, enabling the company to move
closer to its mission of being best in class.
Reinforcing QFD with group support systems
Authors: Balthazar Pierre A. , Gargeya Vidyaranya B.
Published: May 2004

Over the last decade quality function deployment or QFD, thanks to the efforts of Akao and others, has gained widespread popularity in its applicability to business and industry. Many organizations have adopted it as a tool of continuous improvement in their quest for quality through total quality management (TQM). QFD in simple terms, has been looked on as a mechanism of translating the customers’ expectations of a particular product or service into product planning, parts development, process planning, and production planning. Explores the robustness of QFD for translating the available knowledge within a product design group into appropriate design choices, ones that consider the customer’s view of quality throughout the product’s entire life cycle. Conventional QFD analysis allows equity of participation through “consensus”, but often trades outcomes influenced by expertise for those attained with “fairness”. This process may lead to less than optimal results. Discusses the role of group support systems (GSS) to improve the qualitative discussion of the whats and the hows in the QFD process. Also introduces influence allocation processes, methods that allow differential weighting of participants and an incremental usage of knowledge within groups. Discusses their potential impact for QFD analysis.
On process capability and product tolerancing as affected by
measuring device
Authors: Raouf A. , Duffuaa S.O. , Shuaib A.N.
Published: May 2004

Statistical process control seeks to monitor the quality
characteristics stipulated in the product design specifications to
assure that these are achieved by the operation. Measuring devices are
subject to variations but usually the possibility of obtaining
fluctuating results is often neglected and the measurements provided by
these devices are taken for granted as true values. Presents, briefly,
process control and shows the interaction between process capability and
measuring device error. Presents a model for determining process target
limits which minimize cost of production taking into account measuring
device variability. Provides a criterion for establishing optimal
process capability as well.
Towards TQM using kaizen process dynamics: a case study
Authors: Gondhalekar Shrinivas , Subash Babu A. , Godrej N.B.
Published: May 2004

A kaizen system was designed and installed in a large
manufacturing organization as a part of a TQM exercise. Detailed studies
were carried out by collecting extensive data over a period of 23
months, and by using statistical methods to understand the dynamics in
the kaizen process. The kaizen process was found to be
an auto regressive process, which leads to habit formation in making
improvements. The process was observed to be influenced by seven
controllable variables, which affect the quantity and quality of
improvements. Reveals that implementation of kaizen as the first
step in the TQM journey can lead to a self‐sustaining, controllable
process of setting up a culture of continuous improvement.
Reliability analysis of aeroplane tyres
Authors: Sheikh Anwar K. , Al‐Garni Ahmed Z. , Affan Badar M.
Published: May 2004

Aeroplanes are repairable systems consisting of several non‐repairable parts; tyres are one of these. Proper record of failure data is valuable in interpreting the failure pattern, for comparative evaluation of the quality of tyres of various manufacturers, and for prediction of the future needs in a specified planning horizon or for specified operational hours. Analyses failure data of several aeroplane tyres in an aviation set‐up, and interprets these in a reliability framework. Three parameters Weibull model is found to be quite appropriate for reliability characterization of tyres. These reliability models can be effectively integrated into a computerized material requirement planning system of the aviation facility to forecast the number of tyres needed for a given planning horizon.