bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell‐by‐cell quantification of the androgen receptor in benign and malignant prostate leads to a better understanding of changes linked to cancer initiation and progression
Authors: Derderian Seta , Benidir Tarik , Scarlata Eleonora , Altaylouni Turki , Hamel Lucie , Zouanat Fatima Zahra , Brimo Fadi , Aprikian Armen , Chevalier Simone
Published: April 2023

The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and homeostasis of the prostate and is a key therapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa). The gold standard therapy for advanced PCa is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which targets androgen production and AR signaling. However, resistance to ADT develops via AR‐dependent and AR‐independent mechanisms. As reports on AR expression patterns in PCa have been conflicting, we performed cell‐by‐cell AR quantification by immunohistochemistry in the benign and malignant prostate to monitor changes with disease development, progression, and hormonal treatment. Prostates from radical prostatectomy (RP) cases, both hormone‐naïve and hormone‐treated, prostate tissues from patients on palliative ADT, and bone metastases were included. In the normal prostate, AR is expressed in >99% of luminal cells, 51% of basal cells, and 61% of fibroblasts. An increase in the percentage of AR negative (%AR−) cancer cells along with a gradual loss of fibroblastic AR were observed with increasing Gleason grade and hormonal treatment. This was accompanied by a parallel increase in staining intensity of AR positive (AR+) cells under ADT. Staining AR with N‐ and C‐terminal antibodies yielded similar results. The combination of %AR− cancer cells, %AR− fibroblasts, and AR intensity score led to the definition of an AR index, which was predictive of biochemical recurrence in the RP cohort and further stratified patients of intermediate risk. Lastly, androgen receptor variant 7 (ARV7)+ cells and AR− cells expressing neuroendocrine and stem markers were interspersed among a majority of AR+ cells in ADT cases. Altogether, the comprehensive quantification of AR expression in the prostate reveals concomitant changes in tumor cell subtypes and fibroblasts, emphasizing the significance of AR− cells with disease progression and palliative ADT.
Electrochemical Determination of Carbendazim Based on In2S3 Nanotubes
Authors: Lan Lin , Li Bei , Chen Xiaomei , Gao Yunkai , Kuang Xuan
Published: April 2023

Pesticide residue is one of the main concerns in human health and environmental safety. A label‐free electrochemical sensor for carbendazim detection based on In2S3 hollow nanotubes is presented. The MOF‐derived In2S3 possessed a porous structure and excellent electrical conductivity properties, leading to the strong affinity to carbendazim pesticide. Under optimized conditions, this sensor exhibited a linear response from 5 to 80 μM and was used to determine carbendazim in the orange juice extract samples, which possesses satisfactory accuracy. Therefore, the method provides broad prospects for rapid and reliable detection of pesticide residues in food and environmental samples.
Prediction of behavior of a noncommunicative robot based on observations of its movement
Authors: Das Bappaditya , Mandal Chintan Kr
Published: April 2023

An adversary robot can move around in a free space “patrolling an area” appearing to have a random“behavior”if observed through a “lens.” The“behavior”of the robot is associated with its observed/internal state. Stochastic techniques or machine learning techniques, which can be used to predict the future states of an adversary robot demand high computation and thus, power. Advanced RNN techniques like long short‐term memory, which can make predictions using long‐term dependencies of the sequence data, also have extremely high computing and memory requirements. Thus, the systems involved in using these former techniques are not appropriate to be deployed in fields which require inconspicuous monitoring. In this work, we present two novel methods using the“behavior”to predict the future states of an adversary robot which can be deployed using a low computing device/small single board computer/robot in a non‐GPS environment without any internet connection. The proposed two methods are based on a list and a graph, respectively. Unlike the most available literature, where the prediction is based on “time,” our model predicts the future state using the states of the system. These methods work for both single and multiple‐looped paths taken by the adversary robot. The results show that the prediction error which depends on the predicted move and the actual move taken by the robot decreases as a logarithmic function and is comparatively lower when the adversary robot follows a path having multiple loops.
The Role of a Sn Promoter on an Anodic Pt Electrocatalyst Prepared over H2O2‐Functionalized Carbon Supports for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell (DEFC) Applications
Authors: Azcoaga Chort María Florencia , Stassi Julieta Paola , de Miguel Sergio Rubén , Veizaga Natalia Soledad , Rodríguez Virginia Inés
Published: April 2023

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Vulcan carbon were functionalized with a 30 %v/v hydrogen peroxide solution and employed as supports for Pt and PtSn catalysts prepared by the polyol method. PtSn catalysts with a Pt loading of 20 wt.% and a Pt : Sn atomic ratio equal to 3 : 1 were evaluated in the ethanol electrooxidation reaction. The effects of the oxidizing treatment on the surface area and the surface chemical nature were analyzed through N2 adsorption, isoelectric point, and temperature‐programmed desorption measurements. Results showed that the H2O2 treatment affects the surface area of the carbons to a great extent. Characterization results indicated that the performance of the electrocatalysts strongly depends both on the presence of Sn and on the support functionalization. PtSn/CNT−H2O2 electrocatalyst displays a high electrochemical surface area and enhanced catalytic activity for ethanol oxidation in comparison to other catalysts in the present study.
Three‐phase bidirectional isolated LLC resonant DC‐DC converter for DC microgrid applications
Authors: dos Santos Kristian Pessoa , de Lima Henn Gustavo Alves , de Souza Oliveira Junior Demercil , Barreto Luiz Henrique Silva Colado , Tofoli Fernando Lessa , Filho Hermínio Miguel Oliveira , Praça Paulo Peixoto
Published: April 2023

DC microgrids rely strongly on bidirectional dc‐dc converters responsible for managing the power flow among distinct loads and renewable energy sources like fuel cells and batteries. In this context, this work presents a three‐phase inductor‐inductor‐capacitor (LLC) resonant dc‐dc converter with high‐frequency isolation and bidirectional power flow capability, employing phase‐shift control and frequency modulation. The resonant tank takes advantage of using the leakage inductance and the magnetizing inductance of the high‐frequency transformer (HFT), which allows for improving power density. The active switches operate with a fixed duty ratio of 50% so that the converter can always achieve zero‐voltage switching (ZVS). The mathematical analysis is carried out based on a single‐phase representation of the converter, which considers only the fundamental components. A dynamic model is derived using the gyrator theory, which allows representing the converter as a frequency‐controlled current source to regulate the output voltage. In addition, the power flow direction is determined from the estimation of an ideal phase‐shift angle for each frequency aiming to control the output power. An experimental prototype is implemented and thoroughly assessed to demonstrate that the introduced topology is feasible for dc microgrids and other applications that require bidirectional power flow.
Demography and dispersal at a grass‐shrub ecotone: A spatial integral projection model for woody plant encroachment
Authors: Drees Trevor , Ochocki Brad M. , Collins Scott L. , Miller Tom E. X.
Published: April 2023

The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands is a global phenomenon with implications for biodiversity and ecosystem function. Understanding and predicting the pace of expansion and the underlying processes that control it are key challenges in the study and management of woody encroachment. Theory from spatial population biology predicts that the occurrence and speed of expansion should depend sensitively on the nature of conspecific density dependence. If fitness is maximized at the low‐density encroachment edge, then shrub expansion should be “pulled” forward. However, encroaching shrubs have been shown to exhibit positive feedbacks, whereby shrub establishment modifies the environment in ways that facilitate further shrub recruitment and survival. In this case there may be a fitness cost to shrubs at low density causing expansion to be “pushed” from behind the leading edge. We studied the spatial dynamics of creosotebush (Larrea tridentata), which has a history of encroachment into Chihuahuan Desert grasslands over the past century. We used demographic data from observational censuses and seedling transplant experiments to test the strength and direction of density dependence in shrub fitness along a gradient of shrub density at the grass–shrub ecotone. We also used seed‐drop experiments and wind data to construct a mechanistic seed‐dispersal kernel, then connected demography and dispersal data within a spatial integral projection model (SIPM) to predict the dynamics of shrub expansion. Contrary to expectations based on potential for positive feedbacks, the shrub encroachment wave is “pulled” by maximum fitness at the low‐density front. However, the predicted pace of expansion was strikingly slow (ca. 8 cm/year), and this prediction was supported by independent resurveys of the ecotone showing little to no change in the spatial extent of shrub cover over 12 years. Encroachment speed was acutely sensitive to seedling recruitment, suggesting that this population may be primed for pulses of expansion under conditions that are favorable for recruitment. Our integration of observations, experiments, and modeling reveals not only that this ecotone is effectively stalled under current conditions but also why that is so and how that may change as the environment changes.
Effect of species‐level trait variation on urban exploitation in mammals
Authors: Weiss Katherine C. B. , Green Austin M. , Herrera Daniel J. , Hubbard Tru M. , Rega‐Brodsky Christine C. , Allen Maximilian L.
Published: April 2023

Identifying drivers of urban association in wildlife is a central challenge in conservation biology. Traits facilitating access to novel resources and avoiding humans often correspond with urban exploitation in mammal species, but these relationships differ by taxa and trophic guild. Variation among or within traits may be a yet untested explanation for the non‐generality of species‐trait relationships in cities. Using camera trap data from 1492 sites throughout the contiguous USA in 2019, we investigated if mammal species with greater intraspecific trait variation have higher degrees of urban occupancy. We hypothesized that intraspecific trait variation would correspond with urban occupancy, but that the strength of these relationships would vary by taxonomic order due to expected phylogenetic constraints. Mean trait values (average home range size, body mass, group size, weaning age, litter size, and diet composition) varied widely across orders. The only traits that affected urban association across all species corresponded with demography (litter size), while responses across orders were more variable and informative. Mean trait values associated with home range and body size had informative relationships with urbanization for Cetartiodactyla, Rodentia, and Carnivora, while intraspecific variation in traits corresponding with diet (Carnivora), demography (Cetartiodactyla, Carnivora, Rodentia), and temporal responses to humans (Carnivora) had informative relationships to urbanization. This is the first study investigating mammalian species‐level trait variation and its relationship to urban exploitation across many traits and taxa. Since natural selection requires trait variation, the variation of demographic traits, like litter size, can have significant implications for wildlife management and conservation. Our results also provide further evidence for omnivory as a form of dietary plasticity supporting urban accessibility in higher trophic guilds (e.g., Carnivora). Using this information, we can better manage and understand which species occupy and adapt to cities, thereby promoting human‐wildlife coexistence.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide Mediated by Electron Donor–Acceptor Complex: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of 3‐Sulfonyl Indolizines
Authors: Naud‐Martin Delphine , Kosiuha Marharyta , Zucolotto Cocca Leandro H. , Retailleau Pascal , Mahuteau‐Betzer Florence , De Boni Leonardo , Piguel Sandrine
Published: April 2023

This work investigates a light‐driven 3‐component sulfonylation reaction of indolizines without needing any external photocatalyst. The mechanistic investigations support the formation of an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex in situ. This transformation offers a mild and sustainable approach with high functional group tolerance for the synthesis of 3‐sulfonylated indolizines. This compound class has valuable photophysical properties and represents promising candidates in various applications related to fluorescence.
Oxetane Ring‐Opening Reaction: A Key Step for the Preparation of Substituted (Fluoro)alkenyl as Acyclonucleoside Mimics
Authors: Leparfait David , Xiao Feng , Coupri Delphine , Gueulle Sabrina , Desriac Florie , Budin‐Verneuil Aurélie , Verneuil Nicolas , Hartke Axel , Pfund Emmanuel , Lequeux Thierry
Published: April 2023

Tri‐ and tetra‐substituted alkenes, including fluoroalkenes, were prepared by a selective ring‐opening reaction of functionalized oxetanes. The introduction of adenine nucleic base allows the synthesis of alkenyl and fluoroalkenyl derivatives that were evaluated towards DltA enzyme as potential nucleoside mimics.
Plasmonic Solar Energy Harvesting by ZnO Nanostructures and Their Composite Interfaces: A Review on Fundamentals, Recent Advances, and Applications
Authors: Mishra Atul K. , Singh Puloma , Zala Devanshi , Shaikh Naznin , Vemuri Suresh K. , Suthar Jyotam , Shah Vardhan , Mukhopadhyay Indrajit , Ray Abhijit
Published: April 2023

Zinc oxide is one of the inexpensive semiconductors with rich electronic and optical properties. It is studied in energy applications for a long time. The wide bandgap of ZnO either needs structural change or sensitizing via quantum dots, dyes, or metallic nanoparticles (through the plasmonic effect) to absorb visible light for applications in solar energy harvesting devices. This review provides a fundamental insight of plasmonic visible light harvesting by ZnO and an account of recent advances in solar photovoltaic, photoelectrochemical water splitting, and other photoredox activities, such as water quality enhancement and CO2 reduction.
Bioderived Freestanding Film as a Robust Interfacial Protective Layer for Advanced Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Hu Ming , Yang Qifan , Chen Keyi , Li Chilin
Published: April 2023

Lithium metal is a potential candidate for anode material in next‐generation rechargeable batteries with high energy and power densities. However, the huge volume change caused by the uneven deposition of metallic Li leads to the cracking of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which cannot prevent the reaction of inner fresh Li with electrolyte, resulting in severe dendrite growth and electrochemical degradation. Herein, a freestanding protein film derived from eggshell is reported as the protective layer on the electrode surface to form a robust artificial SEI layer. Benefiting from its 3D interconnected fiber framework along with good mechanical stiffness and softness, the Li‐ion flow is uniformly modulated, leading to the suppression of Li dendrite growth. The electrochemical performance of corresponding symmetric, asymmetric, and full cells is significantly enhanced. A high coulombic efficiency above 95% for nearly 700 cycles is achieved for the modified Cu/Li asymmetric cell at a current density of 3 mA cm−2 (with a capacity of 1 mAh cm−2). This study indicates a SEI reinforcement approach for the stabilization of the Li metal anode based on the freestanding structure derived from biomaterials.
A deep learning method to monitor axial pressure and shear deformation of rubber bearings under coupled compression and shear loading
Authors: Zeng Yi , He Zhizhou , Pan Peng
Published: April 2023

Laminated rubber bearings are the key components of base isolated structures. It is important to effectively monitor the axial pressure and shear deformation in rubber bearings. In previous studies, the axial pressure and shear deformation of rubber bearings have been monitored separately using wavelet‐packet‐based method. However, when the axial pressure and deformation of rubber bearings change at the same time, the prediction error of the above method is large. Therefore, this paper proposed a new deep neural network architecture, named P&D‐NET to monitor the axial pressure and shear deformation simultaneously. The P&D‐NET combines wavelet packet decomposition method and fully connected neural network. In this study, the coupling effects of axial pressure and shear deformation monitoring are studied by full‐scale experiments. The details of P&D‐NET are also introduced. Three full‐scale smart rubber bearings (SRB) were tested under different axial pressure and shear deformation to form a real measured dataset. The influence of feature extraction methods, network structures, and weighting coefficient in loss function was investigated to optimize the network. By using the optimal hyperparameters, the root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) of axial pressure prediction and shear deformation prediction in the test set is 1.41 MPa and 17.6%, which has reduced the error by up to 68.8% compared to the previous wavelet‐packet‐based method.
A new method for determining loess particle size distribution based on ‘core + clothes’ structure
Authors: Zhou Bingquan , Li Xi‐An , An Mingxiao , Yang Wenfu , Ren Yongbiao , Wen Feng
Published: April 2023

The particle size distribution (PSD) of loess particles and agglomerates is the key factor determining the microstructure of loess. The PSD largely determines many physical and mechanical properties such as mechanical strength, deformation characteristics and permeability of loess. In this paper, we combined image processing, geometric measurements and statistical methods to quantitatively characterize the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of loess. A new method based on the ‘core + clothes’ structure is proposed to determine the PSD. The developed Gaussian mixture model is applicable to describe the overall distribution of the image pixel density. Determining pixel density distribution and particle boundary allows for the measurement of various geometric parameters. The comparison analyses suggest that the sieve‐hydrometer method has a well‐developed test procedure; however, the measured particle size is limited to 0.075 mm. The laser diffraction method is simple and fast, yet only weak agglomerates can be dispersed, and very fine particles are influenced by size data conversion theory and light source parameters. X‐ray microtomography has the advantage of a non‐destructive sample preparation and intuitive process. However, the results are greatly affected by the parameter settings and segmentation algorithm, and the segmentation effect is poor for particles with a size smaller than 12 μm. The new image processing technique developed in this study improves the limitation of the measurement results via changes in the loess state (water content, stress level). Moreover, different PSDs can be determined according to the variation of functional units. This work is of great significance for the study of numerous properties related to the loess state.
Exploring tree‐like fins for enhanced latent heat storage performance
Authors: Diaz Andres J. , Yaconi Vicente
Published: April 2023

This study examines how tree‐like fins can be used to improve the phase‐change process of Latent Heat Storage (LHS) systems. ANSYS‐Fluent was utilized to predict the temperature distribution and the time‐evolution of the phase‐change process. A Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) at 353 K was used for the charging, and 293 K for the discharging process in a shell and tube configuration. Results showed that tree‐like fins provide superior thermal performance compared to straight fins (base case) for both charging and discharging. The thermal performance is enhanced when employing short fin lengths relative to their maximum size at each branch (small αn values). This reduces the temperature gradients within the PCM without increasing the volume occupied by the fins within the LHS system. In addition, decreasing αn values increases the heat transfer area between the fins and Phase‐Change Material (PCM). Designs with two bifurcations achieved a notable increase in their heat transfer area, accelerating the phase‐change process compared to the base case.
A coupled multigrid solver with wall functions forthree‐dimensionalturbulent flows over urban‐like obstacles
Authors: Lien Fue‐Sang , Ji Hua , Ryan Sydney D. , Ripley Robert C. , Zhang Fan
Published: April 2023

One of the objectives for rapid operational tools for urban atmospheric events isfastcalculation of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for multiphase flows to respond to deliberate or accidental chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) releases. This article addresses the implementation of a coupled multigrid (CMG) method in an in‐house pressure‐based low‐speed CFD solver called STREAM in detail, including its validation against several 2D/3D benchmark test problems pertinent to urban flows. It was identified that solving the advection–diffusion equation of concentration for the prediction of dispersion of CBR agents is computationally very efficient, provided that the input data of turbulence viscosity and flow fields can be supplied in a timely fashion. Since most pressure‐based solvers adopt the segregated SIMPLE algorithm, and the coupling among different (linearized) equations is established via outer iterations on a single grid, its convergence rate is generally poor, particularly for turbulent flows in urban environments involving massive flow separation. The proposed approach and main contribution here is to adopt CMG to solve turbulent flows over urban‐like obstacles efficiently in 2D and particularly 3D, in which the standard Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence model in conjunction with wall functions is employed. The results presented in this paper demonstrate a speedup ratio based on work unit (WU) for 3D laminar cavity flows of roughly 100, and 25 for 3D turbulent urban flow, depending on grid sizes.
Three‐dimensional structural modelling of structurally complex hydrocarbon reservoir in October Oil Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Khattab M. A. , Radwan Ahmed E. , El‐Anbaawy M. I. , Mansour M. H. , El‐Tehiwy A. A.
Published: April 2023

The October Oil Field is structurally complex due to its presence in the structurally complex system of the Gulf of Suez Rift Basin area, with the last updated structural model developed in 2012. Although the 2012 model defined the general structural framework and reservoir architecture, many challenges arose during the field development. The current study is focusing on the structural elements affecting this giant field to update the field structural model using the newly processed 3D seismic survey, the acquired data from newly drilled wells, and the associated different logging techniques. Several geological structure contour maps and cross‐sections were generated to help in delineating and understanding the reservoir's extension. Based on the detailed correlation study, we were able to detect the faults that affected the structure of the October Field in detail, define their throw amounts and directions, and identify the missed sections across the studied area. This study introduces a comparison between the old and updated model scenarios to show the differences and their effect on the field development plan and recommendations. The updated model shows differences between the 2012 model and the current study's modified model in the number, extension, and location of faults: the old model has 17 faults, while the modified model has 13 faults. The main clysmic fault “F1” has a significant impact on the entire field because it affects all studied wells. Furthermore, the F3 and F4 faults have a significant impact due to their ability to create and add compartmentalization within the area of study. This study revealed that the updated detailed 3D structural model can support the development plans for the Nubia reservoir and motivate drilling, workover, and dynamic operations to assign the development opportunities in the proper location. Based on the developed model, there are at least three opportunities in the attic areas of the study that could increase oil production and oil reserves for the field while avoiding any more failures.
Work‐role overload, work–life conflict, and perceived career plateau: The moderating role of emotional stability
Authors: Huo Meng‐Long , Jiang Zhou
Published: April 2023

As perceived career plateau is a prevalent but undesirable state which is harmful to employees and organizations, human resource management (HRM) research has devoted efforts to exploring ways of managing it. However, to date, research has largely been limited to variables that reduce perceived career plateau. There is a need to understand what factors increase these perceptions and how/when they do so, to advance theoretical and practical perspectives. This study contributes to the career plateau literature by investigating how and under what conditions work‐role overload can increase employees' perceived career plateau (hierarchical and job content plateaus). Based on a three‐wave survey of employees from the service sector of China, we found that work‐role overload interacted with employees' trait emotional stability and affected their work–life conflict, which had downstream implications on the two types of perceived career plateaus. Specifically, work‐role overload related positively to work–life conflict only when employees had a high (versus low) level of emotional stability. Also, work–life conflict mediated the effects of work‐role overload on perceived hierarchical and job content plateaus for employees with high, but not for those with low, emotional stability. These findings provide new insights into how, by taking into account stressful work contexts and individual differences, HRM professionals may intervene to prevent employees from perceiving career plateau.
Effects of treatment dosage of whole‐body cryotherapy upon post‐match recovery of endocrine and biochemical markers in elite rugby league players: An experimental study
Authors: Naylor Adam S. , Edwards Ben J. , Robertson Colin M.
Published: April 2023

Background and Aims

The use of whole‐body cryotherapy (WBC) for athletic recovery is becoming increasingly popular despite the lack of evidence supporting the dosage parameters in its implementation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the dose–response effects of WBC following match‐play in elite rugby league players.

Methods

We observed endocrine (salivary cortisol and testosterone) and biochemical (creatine kinase) responses following three separate post‐match recovery periods in elite rugby league players. Comparisons were made between a single exposure (3 min at −120°C to ‐−135°C) of WBC to two consecutive exposures (2 × 3 min), to a control (no exposure) during the recovery trials. Recovery characteristics were measured 36 h prematch, immediately postmatch, and 60 h postmatch.

Results

Cortisol concentrations remained unchanged in its pattern of response during the postmatch recovery periods across all WBC doses. Testosterone concentrations increased significantly (p < 0.0005) at 60 h, in the WBC2 trial. The Testosterone:Cortisol ratio increased significantly (p < 0.0005) at 60 h in the WBC2 trial, while during the WBC0 trial it did not recover to baseline levels. No significant effect on creatine kinase concentration was observed, although a statistical trend was shown in WBC2 for improved reduction of this marker at 60 h.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that two, consecutive exposures to WBC immediately following fatiguing rugby league competition appear to stimulate an increase to the anabolic endocrine profile of participants by 60 h post‐match, and may reduce the CK concentration. Coaches and athletes should consider the treatment dosage of WBC when used to optimize the desired response following a high‐stress environment.
Unintended lower‐segment hysterotomy extension at cesarean delivery and the risk for uterine rupture during a subsequent trial of labor
Authors: Peled Tzuria , Ashwal Eran , Rotem Reut , Sela Hen Y. , Grisaru‐Granovsky Sorina , Rottenstreich Misgav
Published: April 2023

Objective

To evaluate the association between unintended uterine extension in cesarean delivery and uterine scar disruption (rupture or dehiscence) at the subsequent trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC).

Methods

This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study (2005–2021). Parturients with a singleton pregnancy who had unintended lower‐segment uterine extension during the primary cesarean delivery (excluding T and J vertical extensions) were compared with patients who did not have an unintended uterine extension. We assessed the subsequent uterine scar disruption rate following the subsequent TOLAC and the rate of adverse maternal outcome.

Results

During the study period, 7199 patients underwent a trial of labor and were eligible for the study, of whom 1245 (17.3%) had a previous unintended uterine extension and 5954 (82.7%) did not. In univariate analysis, previous unintended uterine extension during the primary cesarean delivery was not significantly associated with uterine scar rupture in the following subsequent TOLAC. Nevertheless, it was associated with uterine scar dehiscence, higher rates of TOLAC failure, and a composite adverse maternal outcome. In multivariate analyses, only the association between previous unintended uterine extension and higher rates of TOLAC failure was confirmed.

Conclusion

A history of unintended lower‐segment uterine extension is not associated with an increased risk for uterine scar disruption following subsequent TOLAC.
Efficient removal of anionic dye by protonated APTES modified hydrochar: The effect of cold‐activation
Authors: Alp Arici Tuğba
Published: April 2023

The study focused on determining the effect of acidic and basic cold activation on hydrochar (HC) for the removal of methyl orange (MO). HC was prepared by hawthorn seeds (HS) under hydrothermal carbonization. HC was cold‐activated with HCl and NaOH, respectively, and they were grafted with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and protonated to obtain AHC‐N+ (acid‐activated and modified HC) and BHC‐N+ (base‐activated and modified HC) to determine the effect of acidic and basic activation. They were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, thermal analysis, zeta potential, N2 adsorption–desorption measurements, and SEM–EDX analysis. The prepared adsorbents displayed MO adsorption due to abundant protonated amine groups. BHC‐N+ showed higher MO adsorption than AHC‐N+. The result showed that more protonated APTES groups grafted on the surface of HC via NaOH activation. The obtained data had a good fitting with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic. The maximum adsorption capacity of BHC‐N+ was 250.38 mg g−1. The adsorption mechanism could be attributed to the electrostatic interactions between MO and protonated amine groups of APTES and hydrogen bonding.
A comparison between auditory hallucinations, interpretation of voices, and formal thought disorder in dissociative identity disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Dorahy Martin J. , Nesbit Amy , Palmer Rachael , Wiltshire Bailey , Cording Jacinta R. , Hanna Donncha , Seager Lenaire , Middleton Warwick
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) and schizophrenia‐spectrum disorders (SSD) share some overlapping phenomenological features making accurate diagnosis more difficult. Childhood abuse and depersonalization have been associated with psychotic symptoms across psychological disorders but their relationship to psychotic phenomenology remains understudied.

Method

The present study used quantitative measures to examine (1) similarities and differences in phenomenological voice hearing experiences, interpretations of voices, and thought disorder symptoms in individuals with DID (n = 44) or SSD (n = 45), and (2) whether depersonalization and childhood maltreatment influenced the initial pattern of findings.

Results

DID participants perceived their voices as being more internally located and generated, louder, and uncontrollable than SSD participants. Furthermore, the DID participants endorsed a greater frequency of thought disorder symptoms. Adding the covariates (sex, depersonalization, and child maltreatment) did not change the findings associated with location and origin of voices, and derailment, but there were now no differences in loudness or controllability. However, the schizophrenia sample reported more distress and metaphysical beliefs associated with voices, as well as more thought disorder incoherence and word substitution with the covariates controlled.

Conclusion

While tentative, metaphysical interpretations of voices, incoherent thoughts and word substitution may reflect more psychotic processes.
Patient‐reported outcomes on empagliflozin treatment in glycogen storage disease type Ib: An international questionnaire study
Authors: Grünert Sarah C. , Venema Annieke , LaFreniere Jamas , Schneider Blair , Contreras Enrique , Wortmann Saskia B. , Derks Terry G. J.
Published: April 2023

In patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib), quality of life is severely hampered by neutropenia and neutropenia‐associated symptoms. SGLT2 inhibitors are a new treatment option and have shown improved medical outcomes in more than 120 patients so far. The aim of this international questionnaire study was to assess patient‐reported outcomes of this new treatment in GSD Ib patients. Patients and caregivers of pediatric patients were invited to complete a web‐based questionnaire. This was designed to evaluate treatment effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on clinical symptoms and important aspects of daily life including physical performance, sleep, social and work life, traveling, socioeconomic aspects, and quality of life. The questionnaire was completed by 73 respondents from 17 different countries. The mean duration of treatment was 15 months, the cumulative treatment time was 94.8 years. More than 80% of patients reported an improved quality of life. The number of hospitalizations was reduced (66% of patients), as well as the number of days absent from school or work. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) treatment could be stopped in 49% of patients and reduced in another 42%. Clear improvement of neutropenia and all neutropenia‐associated symptoms was reported by the majority of patients. Additionally, patients or caregivers reported positive effects on appetite (63%), level of activity (75%), overall well‐being (96%), and sleep (63%). Empagliflozin positively impacts many aspects of daily life including work and social life and thereby significantly improves quality of life of patients and caregivers.
Evaluation of host cellular responses to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in adult lung transplant patients with EBV‐associated diseases
Authors: Zaffiri Lorenzo , Messinger Joshua E. , Bush Erika J. , Staats Janet S. , Patel Prekshaben , Palmer Scott M. , Weinhold Kent J. , Snyder Laurie D. , Luftig Micah A.
Published: April 2023

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation is commonly observed in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). However, cellular immune responses to EBV in adult LTRs have not been well described. We aimed to study CD4/CD8 ratio, EBV‐specific T cells polyfunctional responses and phenotypic changes in natural killer (NK) cells in adult LTRs presenting with EBV‐associated diseases. The CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly decreased in LTRs with EBV DNAemia compared with LTRs without EBV DNAemia and healthy controls (HCs). Stimulation with EBV lytic antigen BZLF1 peptide pools induced significant individual and polyfunctional responses from CD8+CD69+ T cells. Frequencies of CD8+CD69+ T cells expressing CD107a were significantly higher in LTRs without EBV DNAemia than in LTRs with DNAemia. Frequencies of CD8+CD69+ T cells concurrently expressing CD107a, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α were significantly greater in LTRs with and without EBV DNAemia than in HCs. Finally, BZLF1 induced significantly higher frequencies of CD8+CD69+ T cells expressing CD107a and IFN‐γ in LTRs without EBV DNAemia when compared with EBNA3B. Frequency of more differentiated CD56dimCD16pos NK cells was significantly decreased in LTRs with EBV DNAemia and PTLD compared with HCs. In conclusion, we noted the presence of significant changes in circulating cellular immune responses to EBV in adult LTRs.
Diverging trends in US summer dewpoint since 1948
Authors: Scheff Jacob , Burroughs James Cody
Published: April 2023

Increases in summer humidity are a basic threat to human survival, because the body cannot shed heat by sweating if absolute humidity is too high. However, climate change trends and patterns of extreme humidity have been much less studied than those of extreme temperature. Here, using station data, we provide an up‐to‐date and comprehensive assessment of the patterns and 1948–2020 trends of summertime dewpoint () in the contiguous United States, for multiple percentiles of its distribution ranging from median to extreme. We find that summer‐median is maximized in the Southeast and along the coasts, while extreme summer is counterintuitively higher in the Midwest than in much of the Southeast, and is higher in Western agricultural valleys than on the Pacific coast. In contrast, 1948–2020 trends in summer are broadly consistent across percentiles, but quite divergent regionally. Namely, median and extreme have strongly increased in Florida, South Texas, parts of California and from the Northeast to the Northern Plains, but have declined in the Intermountain West and changed little elsewhere, often despite clear summertime warming. These regional non‐increases contradict basic theory, but agree with several recent studies. In addition, median is increasing more systematically than extreme in several parts of the eastern United States. Future work will seek to uncover the reasons for all of these divergences and to better understand the fate of summer humidity worldwide.
Synchronous variation of dissolved organic carbon in Adirondack lakes at multiple timescales
Authors: Walter Jonathan A. , Coombs Nat J. , Pace Michael L.
Published: April 2023

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a key component of aquatic ecosystems with complex effects on ecosystem function. While long‐term increases in DOC termed “brownification” have received considerable attention, directional trends typically account for a minority of variance. DOC concentrations also fluctuate on seasonal to multiannual timescales, but the causes of such variations are less understood. We used a wavelet‐based approach to study timescale‐specific, spatially synchronous fluctuations in DOC across 49 lakes in the Adirondacks, New York, USA. DOC varies synchronously among lakes at within‐season, annual, and interannual timescales, but relationships with external drivers and internal processes indicated by lake chemistry differed across timescales. External drivers explained 78% of spatial DOC synchrony at the annual time scale. Beyond positive trends related to regional recovery from acidification, variability in DOC is a consequence of fluctuations at several timescales that are common among Adirondack lakes in precipitation, solar radiation, and internal chemical concentrations.
Toward a common standard for data and specimen provenance in life sciences
Authors: Wittner Rudolf , Holub Petr , Mascia Cecilia , Frexia Francesca , Müller Heimo , Plass Markus , Allocca Clare , Betsou Fay , Burdett Tony , Cancio Ibon , Chapman Adriane , Chapman Martin , Courtot Mélanie , Curcin Vasa , Eder Johann , Elliot Mark , Exter Katrina , Goble Carole , Golebiewski Martin , Kisler Bron , Kremer Andreas , Leo Simone , Lin‐Gibson Sheng , Marsano Anna , Mattavelli Marco , Moore Josh , Nakae Hiroki , Perseil Isabelle , Salman Ayat , Sluka James , Soiland‐Reyes Stian , Strambio‐De‐Castillia Caterina , Sussman Michael , Swedlow Jason R. , Zatloukal Kurt , Geiger Jörg
Published: April 2023

Open and practical exchange, dissemination, and reuse of specimens and data have become a fundamental requirement for life sciences research. The quality of the data obtained and thus the findings and knowledge derived is thus significantly influenced by the quality of the samples, the experimental methods, and the data analysis. Therefore, a comprehensive and precise documentation of the pre‐analytical conditions, the analytical procedures, and the data processing are essential to be able to assess the validity of the research results. With the increasing importance of the exchange, reuse, and sharing of data and samples, procedures are required that enable cross‐organizational documentation, traceability, and non‐repudiation. At present, this information on the provenance of samples and data is mostly either sparse, incomplete, or incoherent. Since there is no uniform framework, this information is usually only provided within the organization and not interoperably. At the same time, the collection and sharing of biological and environmental specimens increasingly require definition and documentation of benefit sharing and compliance to regulatory requirements rather than consideration of pure scientific needs. In this publication, we present an ongoing standardization effort to provide trustworthy machine‐actionable documentation of the data lineage and specimens. We would like to invite experts from the biotechnology and biomedical fields to further contribute to the standard.
Striking a match between FHIR‐based patient data and FHIR‐based eligibility criteria
Authors: Alper Brian S. , Dehnbostel Joanne , Shahin Khalid , Ojha Neeraj , Khanna Gopal , Tignanelli Christopher J.
Published: April 2023

Inputs and Outputs

The Strike‐a‐Match Function, written in JavaScript version ES6+, accepts the input of two datasets (one dataset defining eligibility criteria for research studies or clinical decision support, and one dataset defining characteristics for an individual patient). It returns an output signaling whether the patient characteristics are a match for the eligibility criteria.

Purpose

Ultimately, such a system will play a “matchmaker” role in facilitating point‐of‐care recognition of patient‐specific clinical decision support.

Specifications

The eligibility criteria are defined in HL7 FHIR (version R5) EvidenceVariable Resource JSON structure. The patient characteristics are provided in an FHIR Bundle Resource JSON including one Patient Resource and one or more Observation and Condition Resources which could be obtained from the patient's electronic health record.

Application

The Strike‐a‐Match Function determines whether or not the patient is a match to the eligibility criteria and an Eligibility Criteria Matching Software Demonstration interface provides a human‐readable display of matching results by criteria for the clinician or patient to consider. This is the first software application, serving as proof of principle, that compares patient characteristics and eligibility criteria with all data exchanged using HL7 FHIR JSON. An Eligibility Criteria Matching Software Library at https://fevir.net/110192 provides a method for sharing functions using the same information model.
Enhanced Anti‐Corrosion Performance of Carbon Steels via CeO2@BNNSs/Epoxy Resin Composite Coatings
Authors: Duan Hongliang , Ji Jiawei , Cao Chaochao , Bai Wenjuan , Song Zirui , Xue Yanming , Tang Chengchun
Published: April 2023

Due to its excellent physical barrier behavior and high physicochemical stability, hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) can improve the anti‐corrosion capacity of a favorite protective coating onto metals. However, the poor dispersion of h‐BN filler in the formation of polymer composites does not promote its further wide application in the field of corrosion protection. In this work, a new CeO2@BNNSs filler is highly dispersed into aqueous epoxy (EP) to make nice coatings onto steels. As a result, after immersing them into an NaCl solution of 3.5 wt% for 20 days, the as‐prepared CeO2@BNNSs/EP composite coatings can keep an impedance modulus (|Z|f = 0.01 Hz) value of 9.61 × 107 Ω cm2, which is larger than those of the blank EP and the EP filled with the h‐BN and BNNSs fillers. In addition, compared to the EP, h‐BN/EP, and BNNSs/EP coatings, the higher corrosion potential, the properties of larger polarization resistance, and lower corrosion current density for the CeO2@BNNSs/EP coatings indicate CeO2@BNNSs/EP's excellent protective ability to the steel from corrosion. It is believed that this kind of CeO2@BNNSs/EP composite materials and its coatings would be highly promising for application in future advanced anti‐corrosion environments and devices.
Hardy spaces associated with ball quasi‐Banach function spaces on spaces of homogeneous type: Characterizations of maximal functions, decompositions, and dual spaces
Authors: Yan Xianjie , He Ziyi , Yang Dachun , Yuan Wen
Published: April 2023

Let be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss, and let be a ball quasi‐Banach function space on , which supports both a Fefferman–Stein vector‐valued maximal inequality and the boundedness of the powered Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator on its associate space. The authors first introduce the Hardy space , associated with , via the grand maximal function and then establish its various real‐variable characterizations, respectively, in terms of radial or nontangential maximal functions, atoms or finite atoms, and molecules. As an application, the authors give the dual space of , which proves to be a ball Campanato‐type function space associated with . All these results have a wide range of generality and, particularly, even when they are applied to variable Hardy spaces, the obtained results are also new. The major novelties of this paper exist in that, to escape both the reverse doubling condition of μ and the triangle inequality of ρ, the authors cleverly construct admissible sequences of balls and fully use the geometrical properties of expressed by dyadic reference points or dyadic cubes and, to overcome the difficulty caused by the lack of the good dense subset of , the authors further prove that can be embedded into the weighted Lebesgue space with certain special weight and then can fully use the known results of the weighted Lebesgue space.