bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mode dynamics in high-power Yb-Raman fiber amplifier
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Xiao Hu , Wang Xiaolin , Zhou Pu , Xu Xiaojun
Published: May 2020

Yb-Raman fiber amplifier (YRFA) is a compact setup that can be applied to achieve high-power narrow linewidth or special wavelength lasers. In this Letter, we realized a high-power YRFA with seed wavelengths of 1090 nm and 1150 nm, tandem-pumped by a 1018 nm fiber laser. The dynamic of mode interaction has been carefully studied. The beam cleanup effect in the large mode area, step-index fiber has been observed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, when the pump power ranges from 800 W to 1700 W. A model taking into account the Raman mode interaction is proposed to explain this phenomenon, which agrees well with the experiments. The mode instability (MI) effect is also observed in the amplifier, and the threshold is about 2 kW, which is lower than the conventional Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Stimulated Raman scattering is attributed to the onset of MI. Finally, the 1338 W 1150 nm laser is achieved by this YRFA, which we believe to be the highest power reported at this wavelength.
Light beams with volume superoscillations
Authors: Zacharias Thomas , Bahabad Alon
Published: May 2020

Using a superposition of shifted Bessel beams with different longitudinal wave vectors and orbital angular momenta, we realize an optical beam having simultaneous axial, angular, and radial focusing narrower than the Fourier limit. Our findings can be useful for optical particle manipulation and high-resolution microscopy.
Time domain diffuse optical spectroscopy for the monitoring of thermal treatment in biological tissue.
Authors: Lanka Pranav , Joseph Francis Kalloor , Kruit Hindrik , Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata , Farina Andrea , Cubeddu Rinaldo , Manohar Srirang , Pifferi Antonio
Published: May 2020

We investigate the use of broadband time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy (TD-DOS) to track in real time the changes in the optical properties of biological tissue undergoing radio frequency (RF) based thermal treatment.
Photonic non-contact tomographic & volumetric tissue probing
Authors: Schwarz Ariel , Ozana Nisan , Semer Amir , Califa Ran , Genish Hadar , Zalevsky Zeev
Published: May 2020

We present speckle and Michelson interference based photonic technique for performing depth measurement and elastography of a tissue. Photons from different depths of the tissue are separated by analyzing the flickering frequencies of collected speckles.
In vivo time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy beyond the water absorption peak
Authors: Colombo L. , Pagliazzi M. , Sekar S. Konugolu Venkata , Contini D. , Durduran T. , Pifferi A.
Published: May 2020

Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy is an emerging method for depth resolved blood flow measurements. To improve depth sensitivity and SNR, we explore this technique at wavelengths beyond water peak, with phantoms and in vivo experiments.
Experimental validation of a multiple wavelength Photo-Magnetic Imaging system
Authors: Algarawi Maha , Nouizi Farouk , Luk Alex , Erkol Hakan , Almudhry Mohammed , Unlu Burcin M. , Ha Seunghoon , Gulsen Gultekin
Published: May 2020

Photo-Magnetic Imaging (PMI) is a novel multimodality imaging technique that provides optical absorption maps with high-resolution and quantitative accuracy. Here, we present the preliminary experimental validation results obtained using our new multi-wavelength PMI system.
Integrated photoacoustic microscopy, optical coherence tomography and fluorescence microscopy imaging of rabbit ocular neovascularization in vivo
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Yanxiu , Nguyen Van Phuc , Xu Guan , Paulus Yannis M. , Wang Xueding
Published: May 2020

This work descripts a multi-modality photoacoustic microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescence microscopy imaging for visualization of angiogenesis in large animal eye, and could be an important step toward the clinical translation of the technology.
Large-scale computational recovery of 3D refractive-index in multiple-scattering biology
Authors: Chowdhury Shwetadwip , Ren David , Cimino James , Waller Laura
Published: May 2020

We present a computational imaging pipeline implementing a multiple scattering algorithm with cloud computing, to recover a complex object’s 3D refractive index. Preliminary results show promise in 3D visualization of a Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) embryo.
A metric to estimate the reliability of absolute oxygen saturation levels in quantitative optoacoustic imaging
Authors: Ulrich Leonie , Held K. Gerrit , Jaeger Michael , Frenz Martin , Akarçay H. Günhan
Published: May 2020

We propose a methodology for assessing the reliability of blood oxygen saturation levels in quantitative optoacoustic imaging. Results obtained in the human forearm demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
Hyperspectral Lifetime Unmixing via Deep Learning
Authors: Smith Jason T. , Ochoa Marien , Intes Xavier
Published: May 2020

We present a deep learning-based methodology to enable simultaneous spectral and lifetime unmixing for quantitative multiplexed imaging. We demonstrate the approach’s performance both in silico (tri/quadri-specie retrieval) and experimentally (in vitro and in vivo).
Hyperspectral Photoacoustic Remote Sensing Microscopy
Authors: Bell Kevan , Abbasi Saad , Pellegrino Nicholas , Reza Parsin Haji
Published: May 2020

A remote-sensing hyperspectral photoacoustic microscope is presented which is capable of imaging at excitation wavelengths ranging from (210 nm to 610 nm) with centimeter-scale working distances, sub-micron resolution and operating in reflection mode.
Real Time & 3D Photoacoustic Remote Sensing
Authors: Abbasi Saad , Bell Kevan , Ecclestone Benjamin , Reza Parsin Haji
Published: May 2020

As photoacoustic techniques begin to progress towards clinical adoption, live operator feedback becomes a high priority. In this report, we present a method capable of achieving 3D & real-time frame rates for a live display.
Use of 3D Printed PLA for Diffuse Optics
Authors: Amendola C. , Pirovano I. , Lacerenza M. , Contini D. , Spinelli L. , Cubeddu R. , Torricelli A. , Re R.
Published: May 2020

3D filament printers are nowadays used in diffuse optics for custom probes or phantoms boxes fabrication. We observed that not all the PLA filaments are suitable for NIRS and DCS applications.
Response of Bacillus subtilis bacterium to environmental change monitored in an optical tweezer
Authors: Ananthamurthy Sharath , Bhat Ashwini V
Published: May 2020

We study the swimming characteristics of Bacillus subtilis by confining it in an optical trap and monitoring the rotational characteristics with high resolution by laser forward scattering onto a quadrant photo detector (QPD). Our measurements indicate that the flagella rotation rate decreases with time and this variation is in agreement with measured speed of freely swimming bacterium. The effect of change in pH of the environment were also studied. The decrease in pH of the environment lowered the rate of decrease in flagella rotation.
Integrated Multimodal Optical Imaging for Automated Real-Time Clinical Evaluation of Oral Lesions
Authors: Tan Melody T. , Vohra Imran S. , Yang Eric C. , Schwarz Richard A. , Badaoui Hawraa , Williams Michelle D. , Vigneswaran Nadarajah , Gillenwater Ann M. , Richards-Kortum Rebecca R.
Published: May 2020

Preliminary results are presented from a clinical study in which an integrated multimodal optical imaging system (combining autofluorescence imaging and high-resolution microendoscopy) is used for real-time automated in vivo evaluation of oral lesions.
Monitoring the effect of transcranial Electric current Stimulation (tES) during a bimanual motor task via functional Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (fNIRS)
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Cavuoto Lora , Yan Pingkun , Kruger Uwe , Silvestri Jessica , Schwaitzberg Steven , Intes Xavier , De Suvranu
Published: May 2020

We report on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a tool to monitor the effect of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) on human bimanual motor performance.
Shape based reconstruction using ultrasound segmentation as prior in ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography
Authors: Zhang Menghao , Shihab Uddin K. M. , Li Shuying , Zhu Quing
Published: May 2020

We proposed a shape-based diffuse optical tomography (DOT) algorithm which incorporates a target shape obtained from co-registered ultrasound image into a regularization matrix for DOT reconstruction. Simulations, phantom experiments and clinical data have shown significantly improvement of reconstructed large lesion optical absorption maps.
Dual-Slope Imaging in Frequency-Domain Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Blaney Giles , Sassaroli Angelo , Pham Thao , Fernandez Cristianne , Fantini Sergio
Published: May 2020

We propose a dual-slope imaging method in frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy. Compared to intensity, phase dual-slopes exhibit preferential sensitivity to deep perturbations and are not confounded by simultaneous superficial perturbations.
High Power Time Domain fNIRS Device
Authors: Pirovano Ileana , Re Rebecca , Contini Davide , Torricelli Alessandro , Spinelli Lorenzo
Published: May 2020

A new high power time domain near-infrared spectroscopy device has been developed aiming new investigations in the field of brain and deep organs oxidative metabolism monitoring.
Time-domain Fluorescence Diffuse Optical Tomography using a Cuboid
Authors: Sun Chunlong , Nishimura Goro , Nakamura Gen , Machida Manabu , Jiang Yu , Liu Jijun
Published: May 2020

We have proposed an algorithm to identify the location of a fluorescence object in thick tissue from an epi-fluorescence measurement data on the surface of the semi-infinite geometry. We approximated the fluorescence object by a cuboid to simplify and make the inversion more robust and quick. We conducted the validation measurements with meat phantoms and have concluded the algorithm was potentially effective to identify the location and shape of the object.
Development of an epi-detected spontaneous Raman and multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy bench for human skin characterisation
Authors: Lemarquand Alice , De Feudis Mary , Leproux Philippe , Wilkie-Chancellier Nicolas , Le Huérou Jean-Yves , Serfaty Stéphane
Published: May 2020

Presenting a higher photonic efficiency, Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering spectroscopy is derived from spontaneous Raman, a non-destructive reference technique for skin characterisation. A set-up has been developed to compare these two techniques.
Whole-Cell Biophysical Parameters Measured with Multimodal Quantitative-Phase Digital Holographic Microscopy and Flow Assays
Authors: Bélanger Erik , Rioux-Pellerin Émile , Larivière-Loiselle Céline , Mattar Sara , Martel Chloé , Crochetière Marie-Ève , Giroux Jean-Xavier , Marquet Pierre
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate the measurement of whole-cell biophysical parameters with quantitative-phase digital holographic microscopy and flow assays. For different cell types, whole-cell mechanical properties and refractive index, mean cell thickness and absolute cell volume were obtained.
Assessment of Cerebral Autoregulation in Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns using Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Sunwoo John , Nair Vidhya , Steele Tina , Lawrence Natascha , Zavriyev Alexander , Peruch Adriano , Starkweather Zachary , Wu Kuan-Cheng , Orihuela-Espina Felipe , Inder Terrie , Franceschini Maria Angela , El-Dib Mohamed
Published: May 2020

We use diffuse correlation spectroscopy to safely quantify cerebral blood flow response to spontaneous fluctuations in autonomic and respiratory activities to help characterize the elevated risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely premature newborns.
Influence of probe pressure on the diffuse correlation spectroscopy pulsatility index
Authors: Wang Detian , Baker Wesley B , Zhu Liguo , Li Zeren , Li Fei , Chen Tunan , Feng Hua
Published: May 2020

A strong correlation exists between probe pressure and diffuse correlation spectroscopy(DCS) pulsatility index(PI) on the forearm (R = 0.66, p < 0.001), but not on the forehead (R = −10.11, p = 0.4) which suggests DCS PI can measure trends in internal pressure in brain and skeletal muscle.
Digital Analysis of Colposcopic Images Before and After Photodynamic Therapy with Open Source Software ImageJ and Fluorescence diagnostics
Authors: Afanasev M.S. , Grishacheva T.G. , Dushkin A.D. , Karaulov A.V. , Afanasev S.S. , Petrishchev N.N.
Published: May 2020

The approaches were suggested to objectively evaluate the cervix for diagnostic purposes. They were tested on LSIL, HSIL and T1a images. Digital approach allows to apply parametric statistics for research purposes and support diagnostic decisions.
Large lateral scanning range fiber-based swept-source optical coherence tomography system
Authors: Reyes Carlos , Corbett Brian , Roycroft Brendan
Published: May 2020

An all-fiber swept-source optical coherence tomography at 1300 nm was developed resulting in axial and lateral resolution of 10µm and 4 µm respectively. A large lateral scanning range of 10 cm was obtained.
Functional connectivity changes from transcranial infrared laser stimulation measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Urquhart Elizabeth L. , Wanniarachchi Hashini , Wang Xinlong , Alexandrakis George , Liu Hanli
Published: May 2020

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy measured the alterations in functional connectivity from non-invasive transcranial photobiomodulation with a 1064-nm continuous-wave laser on eighteen adults. These results indicate improved functional connectivity after laser stimulus exposure.
Fluorescence detection sensitivity of chemophototherapy drug assessed by spatial frequency domain imaging endoscope
Authors: Poon Chien , Ghosh Sanjana , He Xuedan , Aygun-Sunar Semra , Lele Shashikant , Lovell Jonathan F. , Sunar Ulas
Published: May 2020

We investigated fluorescence detection limit of our chemophototherapy drug with custom design spatial frequency domain endoscope in phantoms and in mice. Our results indicate that the scope can quantify ~1ug/mL Doxorubicin and 0.25ug/mL porphyrin with sufficient SNR.
Extracting Autofluorescence Spectral Shape and Intensity from Uterine Cervical Mucosa Using Monte-Carlo Based Two-layered Tissue Models
Authors: Mok Chong-Ian , Sung Kung-Bin
Published: May 2020

Two-layered diffuse reflectance and fluorescence Monte Carlo (MC) models are developed to extract layer-specific intrinsic fluorescence spectra and intensity of in-vivo cervical mucosa. Artificial neural networks replace MC simulations to efficiently solve the inverse problem.
Fluorescence Optical Tomography of Mesocopic Systems
Authors: Florescu Lucia , Faulkner Matthew , Markel Vadim A. , Schotland John C.
Published: May 2020

We present a tomographic imaging technique based on angularly-selective measurements of fluorescent light that enables for the first time simultaneous reconstruction of the attenuation coefficient at two energies and of the contrast-agent concentration.
Detection of Dabrafenib using Optical Fibre Long Period Grating Sensor Modified with Surface Imprinted Polymers for Dose Detection and Prevention of Cancer Resistance
Authors: He Chenyang , Ledezma Ulises Hernandez , Gurnani Pratik , Albelha Thais , Korposh Sergiy , Correia Ricardo , Morgan Stephen P , Patel Poulam , Alexander Cameron
Published: May 2020

Development of an optical fibre sensor based on a long period grating functionalised with surface imprinted polymers for detection of Dabrafenib, a B-Raf inhibitor drug, in the concentration range 0-800 μg/ml is reported.
Silicon Photomultipliers Increase Signal to Noise Ratio in Frequency Domain Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy of Human Muscle
Authors: Kitsmiller Vincent J. , Campbell Chris , O’Sullivan Thomas D.
Published: May 2020

Silicon photomultipliers used in frequency domain diffuse optical spectroscopy measurements of the human forearm increase signal to noise ratio by up to 40dB compared to an avalanche photodiode, allowing increased source detector separations of 20mm.
Targeted laser irradiation induces immunologic markers of breast cancer cell death
Authors: Nguyen Hieu T.M. , Katta Nitesh , Widman Jessica A. , Suggs Laura J. , Milner Thomas E. , Tunnell James W.
Published: May 2020

Targeted laser irradiation (1064nm, 20ns) employing gold nanorods targeted to breast cancer cells induces immediate necrosis and release of damage associated molecular patterns that are associated with immunogenic cell death.
Time-resolved single photon spectroscopy for optical fibre-based sensing of bacterial infections in the distal lung
Authors: Ehrlich K. , Duncan S. , Choudhary T. R. , Mills B. , Thomson R. R. , Henderson R. K. , Bradley M. , Dhaliwal K. , Tanner M. G.
Published: May 2020

Endoscopic point sensing of bacterial infections in the distal lung in vivo is challenging. Here fluorescence imaging agents are combined with time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy to overcome limitations from tissue fluorescence by measuring the fluorescence lifetime.
Optical Imaging of Metabolic Changes in Human Lung Tumor-Adjacent Normal Tissue
Authors: Díaz Paola Monterroso , Quinn Kyle P. , Rajaram Narasimhan
Published: May 2020

Human non-small cell lung cancer specimens along with tumor-matched normal tissue, and uninvolved benign lung masses were investigated with two-photon microscopy. Tumor and tumor-matched normal samples presented decreased protein-bound NADH lifetimes compared to benign samples.
A Simulation Study for Transcranial Photobiomodulation Dosimetry Across Lifespan
Authors: Yuan Yaoshen , Cassano Paolo , Pias Matthew , Fang Qianqian
Published: May 2020

We performed 3-D Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the light dosage of transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) across lifespan. An overall decrease in energy deposition was found as a result of increasing thicknesses of the extra-cerebral tissues.
Snapshot Hyperspectral System for Breast Conserving Surgery Guidance
Authors: Leiloglou Maria , Gkouzionis Ioannis , Avila-Rencoret Fernando Basilio , Chalau Vazdim , Kedrzycki Martha , Darzi Ara , Leff Daniel R. , Elson Daniel S.
Published: May 2020

There is an unmet need for accurate tumour localization in vivo during breast conserving surgery. Herein a novel snapshot hyperspectral system is presented for accurately detecting the intrinsic fluorescence signal in real-time fluorescence guided surgery.
Monitoring and Guidance of Ablation Therapy with Optics
Authors: Hendon Christine P.
Published: May 2020

I will present optical imaging and spectroscopy as a means to monitor and guide cardiac radiofrequency ablation, which will directly interrogate tissue in real time to extract information on energy delivery, composition, and fiber orientation.
Monitoring of vital bio-signs by multimode speckle based optical fiber sensor
Authors: Bennett Aviya , Beiderman Yevgeny , Agdarov Sergey , Beiderman Yafim , Hendel Rotem , Straussman Barak , Zalevsky Zeev
Published: May 2020

We present development and experimental validation of the multimode fiber sensor for monitoring of vital bio signs. The goal is to advance a simple, clothes embedded sensor to monitor the condition of the cardiovascular system.
Social media influencers and the online identity of Egyptian youth
Authors: Ezzat Hanan
Published: May 2020

This study explores the relationship between social media influencers and the online identity of Egyptian youth. The context of this study is Egypt, a developing country in the Arab World which underwent a nation-changing revolution in 2011. Its youth, who represent around 60 per cent of the population, were one of the most impacted groups in the society. They are the heaviest users of social media and represent the biggest number of fans for influencers. The research question focuses on the relationship between social media influencers and the construction of the online identity of their youth fans. The research question is addressed through semi-structured in-depth interviews with nine social media influencers and eighteen of their fans. The analysis revealed that influencers play an indirect role in their fans online identity negotiation and construction.
Revitalising the Liang-Zhu legend: Edward Lam Dance Theatre’s postdramatic Art School Musical (2014)1
Authors: Liang Lia Wen-Ching
Published: May 2020

Hong Kong Theatre director Edward Lam has established close association with an ensemble of Taiwanese actors, collaborating on almost every production since Madame Bovary is Me (Baofali furen men, 2006) and touring to Taiwan, Hong Kong and Mainland China. This article examines Lam’s unique working pattern through the analysis of Art School Musical (Successors to Liang and Zhu, Liang Zhu de jichengzhe men, 2014), the 54th production by the Edward Lam Dance Theatre (ELDT). Inspired by the famous Chinese legend The Butterfly Lovers (Liang Shanbo yu Zhu Yingtai), Lam created a postdramatic musical as a Bildungsroman in a format of classroom drama. The love story underwent a poetic transformation through the lyrics and music. The ELDT version of the Liang-Zhu legend carries Lam’s criticism of the stereotypes assigned to young people in patriarchal societies and allows him to elevate the love story into an allegory of one’s quest for the meaning of life.
On breaking with
Authors: Mani Charulatha
Published: May 2020

It is through voice that oftentimes individuals find themselves breaking with conventions and systematically ingrained injustices. In the recent literature in the burgeoning field of interdisciplinary voice studies, the phenomenon of voicing has been projected as a powerful process, across cultures, to represent human agency at its most potent, and this article is a critical discussion on this very uniqueness of voicing in relation to social equity, corporeality and cultural value. The author, a female singer-researcher of Karnatik music of South India, unpacks the burdens and privileges of voice in the light of cultural contingency, global mobility and interculturality. Following a discussion encompassing literature and theories on voice, historical ideas of voice and feminist critiques on voice and the voicing female body from a South Indian angle, the author proposes a Pentagonal Entanglement framework for equitable engagement with the voice – across scenarios and cultures, to critically address the socially pressing issues of our time through the medium of voice.
Detecting Spam Review through Spammer’s Behavior Analysis
Authors: Hussain Naveed , Mirza Hamid Turab , Hussain Ibrar
Published: May 2020

Online reviews about the purchase of a product or services provided have become the main source of user opinions. To gain profit or fame usually spam reviews are written to promote or demote some target products or services. This practice is known as review spamming. In the last few years, different methods have been suggested to solve the problem of review spamming but there is still a need to introduce new spam review detection method to improve accuracy results. In this work, researchers have studied six different spammer behavioral features and analyzed the proposed spam review detection method using weight method. An experimental evaluation was conducted on a benchmark dataset and achieved 84.5% accuracy.
encontro da criança com o livro didático: representações da infância
Authors: Zanolla Taciana , Ramos Flávia Brocchetto , Bohm Verônica
Published: May 2020

O ingresso no Ensino Fundamental é momento de transição e possibilita o contato da criança com um livro didático. Com quais imagens de crianças representadas os alfabetizandos se deparam no livro? Que elementos de constituição do ser criança são comunicados? Neste artigo, buscamos responder a essas questões por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, que visa a descrever e analisar as representações sociais da infância nas imagens da parte inicial da obra Ápis Língua Portuguesa – 1º ano (2017). O livro foi selecionado pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2019 e está presente em muitas escolas públicas brasileiras nas cinco regiões do País. O estudo parte da descrição dos elementos constitutivos das imagens para a compreensão das representações sociais (MOSCOVICI, 1978) presentes, discutindo-as com base na concepção de linguagem como constitutiva do ser humano (VYGOTSKY, 1989, 2008) e em estudos sobre a infância (STEARNS, 2006). Ao interagir com o livro didático, os estudantes não apenas têm acesso a conhecimentos, mas também entram em contato com representações identitárias. As imagens iniciais do livro didático retratam diferentes origens e características físicas e individuais das crianças. Contudo, a diversidade de etnias e as características físicas não dão conta da diversidade social e cultural das infâncias brasileiras, o que não contribui para a constituição subjetiva dos estudantes.
Contribuições de Michel Foucault e Paulo Freire para a educação popular
Authors: Bandeira Francikely da Cunha , Alves Maria Lígia Isídio , Neves Gildivan Francisco das
Published: May 2020

RESENHA
[BRUTSCHER, Volmir José; SCOCUGLIA, Afonso Celso. Discursos da educação popular contemporânea: encontros com Michel Foucault e Paulo Freire. João Pessoa, PB: Editora da UFPB, 2017. 304 p.]
“Playing Doom”: A Design Case in Self-Defense Training
Authors: Staller Mario S , Heil Valentina , Koch Rüdiger , Körner Swen
Published: May 2020

We report a design case in the context of self-defense training, that was designed by participants of a coach development course for violence prevention coaches for emergency services. The game was designed to foster skill development with regards to the defense against knife attacks in the context of self-defense. Following pedagogical principles of representative learning design, this game gives an idea of how self-defense skills could be developed in a game-like and student-centered environment.
Designing Analog Games that Engage Girls with Computer Science Concepts
Authors: Gee Elisabeth , Tran Kelly M. , Parekh Priyanka
Published: May 2020

This design case describes the development of three analog games intended to introduce middle-school-age girls to core computer science (CS) concepts. We describe the learning objectives, game mechanics, and narrative elements of each game, and some key problems and decisions that we confronted during the design process. Our design process was guided by two key goals and assumptions: (a) the games should help players develop a situated understanding of CS concepts through engaging them in computational thinking (CT) practices associated with each concept, and (b) game mechanics and story elements should be meaningfully integrated with and supportive of the games’ learning objectives. We discuss several challenges that we encountered in the design process, both in identifying CT practices that lent themselves to game mechanics, and in finding ways to embed mechanics into stories in a meaningful way. Data from gameplay sessions suggests that, on the whole, girls found the games engaging and improved their understanding of CS concepts. However, we conclude that we were only partially successful in achieving our design goals. Testing the facilitator guides with a broader set of users and integrating the facilitator role into gameplay and story are potential goals for future work.
Perbedaan Jumlah Bakteri Trakhea pada Tindakan Oral Hygiene Menggunakan Chlorhexidine dan Povidone Iodine pada Penderita dengan Ventilator Mekanik
Authors: Dewi Fitri Hapsari , Pujo Jati Listiyanto , Leksana Ery
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Pneumonia merupakan infeksi nosokomial yang sering terjadi. Pneumo-nia dapat disebabkan karena kolonisasi bakteri di trakhea karena aspirasi bakteri salu-ran nafas atas. Tindakan oral hygiene pada saluran nafas atas dapat menurunkan jumlah bakteri.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan penurunan jumlah bakteri trakhea pada tindakan oral hygiene dengan chlorhexidine 0,2% dan povidone iodine 1% pada penderita dengan ventilator mekanik.Metode: Merupakan penelitian randomized clinical control trial pada 30 penderita den-gan ventilator mekanik. Penderita dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (n=15), kelompok 1 meng-gunakan chlorhexidine 0,2% dan kelompok 2 menggunakan povidone iodine 1%. Masing -masing kelompok diberikan oral hygiene tiap 12 jam selama 48 jam. Tiap kelompok diambil sekret dari trakhea sebelum dan setelah perlakuan, untuk kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan hitung jumlah dan jenis bakteri. Uji statistik menggunakan Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney test ( dengan derajat kemaknaan < 0,05 ).Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan penurunan jumlah bakteri trakhea pada kelompok chlorhexidine sebesar 78,99±69,105 ( berbeda bermakna p=0,04 ) lebih banyak bila dibandingkan pada kelompok povidone iodine 24,91±104,764 ( berbeda tidak bermakna p=0,75). Sedangkan pada uji selisih komparatif dua kelompok didapatkan hasil berbeda tidak bermakna ( p=0.144 ).Simpulan: Penurunan jumlah bakteri trakhea pada tindakan oral hygiene dengan chlor-hexidine 0,2% tidak berbeda bermakna dengan povidone iodine 1%
Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Ketamin 0,15 Mg/Kgbb Iv Prainsisi dan Ketamin 0,15 Mg/Kgbb Iv Pascabedah terhadap Kebutuhan Analgesik Morfin Pascabedah pada Pasien Operasi Ortopedi Ekstremitas Bawah
Authors: Room Asyikun Nasyid , Tanra Andi Husni , Ahmad Muhammad Ramli , Arif Syafri Kamsul , Ilhamjaya Ilhamjaya
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang : Ketamin telah digunakan sebagai analgesia perioperatif sejak lama. Namun cara pemberian yang efektif masih belum jelas.Tujuan : membandingkan efek pemberian ketamin prainsisi, selama operasi dan 24 jam pascabedah dengan pemberian ketamin selama 24 jam pascabedah terhadap kebutuhan morfin pascabedah.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan uji tersamar acak ganda. Total sampel 50 dibagi dalam 2 kelompok pasien dengan operasi ortopedi ekstremitas bawah dengan anestesi spinal. Kelompok pertama, mendapatkan ketamin 0,15 mg/kgBB IV prainsisi + 0,1 mg/kg/jam selama operasi dan 24 jam pascabedah.  Kelompok kedua mendapatkan ketamin 0,15 mg/kgBB IV pascabedah + 0,1 mg/kg/jam selama 24 jam pascabedah. Kedua kelompok mendapatkan analgesia pascabedah morfin via patient-controlled analgesia dengan loading dose 2 mg, bolus dose 1 mg dan lockout interval 7 menit. Jangka waktu pemberian morfin pertama pascabedah dihitung dari akhir operasi hingga saat pemberian morfin loading dose atas permintaan pasien; konsumsi morfin pascabedah dihitung dalam 24 jam.Hasil : Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna di antara kedua kelompok baik dalam waktu pemberian analgesik pertama (p=0,055) maupun konsumsi morfin dalam 24 jam (p=0,351).Simpulan : Ketamin tidak memiliki efek analgesia preventif pada pasien yang menjalani anestesi spinal.
Penentuan Dosis Efektif Bupivacaine Hiperbarik 0,5% Berdasarkan Tinggi Badan Untuk Bedah Sesar Dengan Blok Subarakhnoid
Authors: Listiarini Dian Ayu , Harahap Mohamad Sofyan , Budiono Uripno
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Anestesi spinal lebih disukai untuk bedah sesar dikarenakan onset cepat, teknik sederhana, relatif mudah dilakukan dan menimbulkan relaksasi otot yang sempurna dibandingkan dengan anestesi epidural, dan profil keselamatan ibu lebih besar dibandingkan dengan anestesi umum. Meskipun demikian, anestesi spinal dapat menyebabkan hipotensi, yang memberi dampak morbiditas pada ibu dan janin. Frekuensi dan derajat hipotensi dipengaruhi oleh dosis subarakhnoid anestesi lokal, sehingga diperlukan penentuan dosis minimal yang efektif untuk anestesi spinal.Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas dan profil hemodinamik dosis bupivakain hiperbarik 0,5% 0,06 mg/cm untuk blok subarakhnoid pada bedah sesar.Metode: Sebanyak 40 orang ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi secara acak menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu 20 orang pada kelompok I mendapat bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 0.06 mg/cmTB, dan 20 orang pada kelompok II mendapat bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 12,5 mg. Dilakukan pencatatan dari sebelum hingga 45 menit setelah tindakan anestesi spinal terhadap beberapa variabel, yaitu tanda vital, kejadian hipotensi, jumlah efedrin yang diberikan, waktu blok sensorik, dan blok motorik.Hasil: Pada kelompok I, onset blok sensorik pada dermatom T10 tercapai pada 1,61±0,617 menit paska injeksi obat, berbeda tidak bermakna bila dibandingkan kelompok II yaitu 1,47 ± 0,655 menit (p>0.05). Semua blok sensorik pada penelitian ini berhasil mencapai dematom T4. Onset blok sensorik pada dermatom T4 tercapai pada 2,55±0,56 menit paska injeksi obat pada kelompok I, berbeda tidak bermakna bila dibandingkan kelompok II yaitu 2,45±0,594 menit (p>0.05). Perbedaan rerata tekanan sistolik, tekanan diastolik, tekanan arteri rerata, laju jantung dan jumlah efedrin yang digunakan pada kedua kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05), demikin pula dengan angka kejadian hipotensi.Simpulan: Bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 0,06 mg/cm Tinggi Badan untuk blok subarakhnoid pada bedah sesar memiliki efektivitas dan profil hemodinamik serupa dengan Bupivakain 0,5% hiperbarik 12,5 mg.
Manajemen Anestesi Untuk Koreksi Skoliosis pada Pasien Chiari Malformasi Post Dekompresi Foramen Magnum
Authors: Rismantara I. D. G. Tresna , Suarjaya I Putu Pramana
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Terdapat penyulit pada manajemen anestesi untuk koreksi skoliosis thorakalis pada pasien chiari malformasi post dekompresi foramen magnum karena terdapat permasalahan periopoeratif kompleks yang menyertainya.Kasus: Digunakan tindakan anestesi untuk koreksi skoliosis pada pasien dengan Chiari Malformasi post dekompresi foramen magnum dengan keterbatasan mobilisasi leher. Pada pemeriksaan rontgen didapatkan semirigid sublaminer instrumentasi pada leher. pada MSCT terlihat skoliosis thorakalis dengan pusat kelengkungan pada Thorakal 9 dengan Cobb’s Angle 60º. Pemeriksaan kardiovaskular, respirasi dan neurologis dalam batas normal.Derajat kelengkunan skoliosis pada pasien ini masih dibawah 70º sehingga tidak menekan jantung dan paru, tetapi terdapat penyulit untuk melakukan intubasi, hal ini bisa diatasi dengan memakai alat fiberoptik dalam kondisi sleep non apneu menggunakan fentanyl 50mcg dan propofol 50 mg dilanjutkan dengan balance anestesia menggunakan propofol kontinyu, N2O, O2, vecuronium dan fentanyl intermittnent serta tekhnik hipotensi kendali.Pasca anestesi pasien mendapat analgesi dengan 2 kateter epidural dengan ujung kateter setinggi Thorakal 3 dan ujing kateter lainnya setinggi Thorakal 12. Masing-masing memakai 0,5mg morfin dan bupivacaine 0,1%. Pasien dievaluasi 2 hari di ICU, tidak ada defek neurologis dan bebas nyeri kemudian di pindah ke ruang perawatan.Ringkasan: Manajemen anestesi pada operasi Koreksi skoliosis thorakalis menjadi suatu hal yang sangat penting karena begitu kompleksnya permasalahan perioperatif yang  menyertainya.  Fungsi  kardiovaskular  dan  respirasi  adalah  yang  paling  mungkin terganggu sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Penilaian terhadap derajat keparahan dari  skoliosisnya  dapat  memberikan  suatu  nilai  prediksi  terhadap  permasalahan  yang mungkin terjadi perioperatif. Pasien  dengan  gangguan  pada  mobilitas  dari  leher  dapat  menjadi  penyulit  saat melakukan  laringoskopi-intubasi. Post operasi jika fungsi kardiovaskular dan respirasi baik, pertimbangan ekstubasi dapat menjadi pilihan. Analgetik post operasi harus adekuat untuk menangani nyeri karena nyeri dapat dapat menimbulkan instabilitas kardiovaskular dan respirasi yang menjadi penyulit paska operasi.
Blood Flow Restriction Training and Betaine Supplementation as a Novel Combined Modality to Augment Skeletal Muscle Adaptation: A Short Review
Authors: Machek Steven B. , Cardaci Thomas D. , Willoughby Darryn S.
Published: May 2020

Blood flow restriction (BFR) training and betaine supplementation are emerging training tools with growing evidence, potentially providing a synergistic stimulus to augment skeletal muscle adaptation. Betaine may facilitate stretch-mediated anabolism secondary to BFR-induced extracellular-to-intracellular fluid influx, whereby their combination may promote a new, low-barrier avenue for athletes and clinical practitioners to elicit hypertrophy and strength. This review aims to (a) demonstrate existing evidence on BFR- and betaine-mediated skeletal muscle growth, (b) provide rationale for their combination as a superior anabolic stimulus, and (c) advocate for athletes and the elderly as prime demographics for a potentially valuable BFR-betaine synergistic therapy.
REFLEXÕES TEÓRICO-PRÁTICAS ACERCA DA PSICOLOGIA INSERIDA NA COMUNIDADE
Authors: Paulino-Pereira Fernando César , Mendes Libna Raquel Barbosa de Sousa , Junior Romildo Rodrigues Neves
Published: May 2020

O projeto de extensão “Psicologia na Comunidade” é desenvolvido pelos discentes de psicologia da Universidade Federal de Catalão e supervisionado pelo professor-orientador em reuniões que acontecem semanalmente. O projeto consiste em atender à comunidade externa de zona periférica da cidade de Catalão-GO com o objetivo de proporcionar à comunidade saúde e bem-estar, além de promover reflexões sobre aspectos da vida cotidiana. O trabalho é realizado semanalmente por três estudantes em horário fixo. Esses encontros se dão em um salão, comumente, chamado “Casa da Sopa”.  Após esta prática os relatos são registrados em Diários de Campo para posterior discussão durante a supervisão com o professor, as quais são embasadas em textos correspondentes à Psicologia Social Comunitária. Assim, o presente ensaio possui como objetivo realizar um relato de experiência do trabalho desenvolvido na comunidade em um bairro da cidade supracitada, bem como realizar a integração entre a teoria e prática do psicólogo neste contexto. Até o presente momento foi possível observar o benefício deste trabalho para as pessoas que participam do grupo, no que tange ao acolhimento de seus sofrimentos psíquicos e assuntos da vida cotidiana que causam angústia e dor. Destarte, é notória a importância do psicólogo na comunidade atendendo a demanda e atuando conjuntamente com os demais profissionais da equipe de saúde do bairro. Em se tratando de uma cidade do interior de Goiás, onde a profissão do psicólogo é pouco enaltecida, faz-se necessário levar esse saber psicológico à comunidade ratificando o trabalho profícuo que a psicologia, tem a oferecer.
IMUNOLOGIA NA ESCOLA: PROMOÇÃO DO DEBATE ACERCA DA VACINAÇÃO
Authors: Parreira Adriano Guimaraes , Souza Hernane Dias , Bessa Allan Morais
Published: May 2020

Fundamentais para a prevenção de doenças, as vacinas estão também no epicentro de debates sobre tratamentos medicinais efetivos e leis compulsórias de imunização. Ao longo da história, elas contribuíram para a redução expressiva ou a erradicação de diversas doenças, mas, recentemente, têm sido alvo de dúvidas ou especulações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar intervenções extensionistas, em um ambiente interdisciplinar e de interação dialógica, em escolas públicas na região Centro-Oeste de Minas Gerais, sob uma perspectiva dialógica, no sentido de aprofundar o debate sobre a temática junto a estudantes, docentes, pais e responsáveis, com vistas em suscitar reflexões acerca das vantagens e dos mitos sobre a vacinação. Os dados levantados demonstram que a maioria dos participantes desenvolveu um posicionamento crítico acerca da temática, observando-se aumento da procura pela atualização do cartão vacinal nas unidades de saúde vizinhas às áreas das intervenções. Confirma-se, por meio dos resultados alcançados, que o desenvolvimento de ações extensionistas contribui de maneira significativa para a promoção de transformação social, com atuação destacada da academia como importante elo entre o serviço da rede pública de saúde e a comunidade, promovendo impactos positivos na formação dos acadêmicos envolvidos em um ambiente interdisciplinar e interprofissional.
SAÚDE MENTAL, JUSTIÇA CRIMINAL E EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: ATENDIMENTO PSICOSSOCIAL NA DEFENSORIA PÚBLICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE RONDONÓPOLIS-MT
Authors: Neman do Nascimento Márcio Alessandro , Reis Jefferson Adriã , Matos Cardoso Jéssica , Dos Santos de Oliveira João Paulo , Carvalho de Souza Lissa
Published: May 2020

O acesso à justiça, segundo a Constituição Federal Brasileira, constitui-se como um direito fundamental de todas as pessoas residentes no país, mesmo que estas não possuam condições financeiras para custear tais serviços. Desse modo, por meio da Defensoria Pública, é dever do Estado garanti r a assistência jurídica integral e gratuita às pessoas de baixa renda ou que apresentam hipossuficiência de defesa jurídica, assim como a defesa de grupos em contextos/situações de vulnerabilidades sociais, destinatários de políticas públicas que propagam os Direitos Humanos e a Cidadania.  Nesse contexto, a Psicologia se configura como um recente campo de atuação no âmbito jurídico, relacionando-se e estabelecendo intersecções com o sistema de justiça. Atualmente, as demandas jurídicas têm ampliado o campo de atuação da(o) psicóloga(o), o que possibilita o crescimento das possibilidades e práticas vigentes, sendo a prática de atenção psicossocial uma das propostas atuais no contexto judicial. Assim, o presente artigo versa sobre as ações extensionistas realizadas no âmbito da Defensoria Pública – Núcleo Criminal do município de Rondonópolis-MT, as quais têm por objetivo principal oferecer e promover um trabalho psicossocial, alicerçado pelo arcabouço teórico-metodológico esquizoanalista e de autores pós-estruturalistas, com uma população em vulnerabilidade social, alvo de discriminações, negligenciada historicamente e que encontra muitos obstáculos para ter seus direitos fundamentais respeitados. Os resultados indicaram a emergência da intersecção entre saberes e políticas públicas na resolução e encaminhamento de questões sociojurídicas. A parceria entre as/os extensionistas de Psicologia e profissionais da Defensoria Pública despontou como um potente intercessor de práticas de atenção individual e coletiva.
Wade in the Water
Authors: Williams Sonja D.
Published: May 2020

In January 1994, Wade in the Water: African American Sacred Music, a first-time radio series collaboration between the Smithsonian Institution and National Public Radio, began airing on hundreds of NPR affiliate stations throughout America. An ambitious and influential series of 26 hour-long documentary programs, Wade explored 200 years of black sacred music, including spirituals, ring shouts, lined hymns, jazz, and gospel. The series also featured the insights of music creators, performers, listeners, and historians who could place African American sacred music traditions within the social, political, and cultural context of their times. Wade eventually won a Peabody Award and other awards of distinction. Conceived and hosted by Smithsonian Institution curator, artist, and MacArthur Foundation “Genius” Fellow Bernice Johnson Reagon, Wade required an intensive, five-year-long fundraising, research, and production journey of commitment. As the series’ associate producer, this article’s author worked with a host of dedicated radio producers, researchers, engineers, scholars, and music collectors who helped to make Wade a reality. Therefore, this article describes the series’ production journey from the vantage point of an insider, and it serves as a personal reflection on the making of a series that would set the standard for future long-form, NPR-based music documentary productions.
Towards an Absent Music
Authors: Sancto Christian
Published: May 2020

Susan Philipsz’s Study for Strings (2012) is a 24-track sound installation originally set up at the end of a platform at the main train station in Kassel (Germany). The installation’s sonic material is drawn from a string orchestra composition of the same name by the Jewish-Czech composer Pavel Haas, written in 1943 while he was interned at Theresienstadt and shortly before his execution. For her installation, Philipsz recorded only the viola and cello parts from Haas’s score, allocated a pitch from each instrument to its own speaker, and played the sounds back on loop. According to the artist, the installation’s “silences” (the parts from Haas's score that she did not record) allude to the absence of those murdered in the camps. Departing from these comments, this paper argues that Study for Strings articulates silence as more than an element of aural experience; it is also an effect of the work’s technological, spatial, and architectural remediation of Haas’s musical material. The argument first draws on Juliane Rebentisch’s proposition that sound installation is distinct from music in its spatialization of sonic material. The work’s “absent music”—its silence—resides not only in the missing string parts but also in the way in which the retained musical parts are spatially remediated. This argument is framed by turning to ongoing discourses on how silence functions in Adornian “After Auschwitz” cultural practice.
Kinetička analiza izotermne razgradnje poli(etilen-oksida) modificiranog fenil hepta izobutil poliedarskim oligomernim silseskvioksanima
Authors: Stipanelov Vrandečić Nataša , Erceg Matko , Andričić Branka , Ćerdić Petra
Published: May 2020

Čvrsti polimerni elektroliti na bazi poli(etilen-oksida) (PEO) i litijevih soli imaju slabu ionsku provodnost pri temperaturi uporabe, a osnovni razlog je visok stupanj kristalnosti PEO-a. Udio kristalne faze u PEO-u može se smanjiti dodatkom nanočestica, u koje spadaju i poliedarski oligomerni silseskvioksani (POSS). U ovom radu upotrijebljeni su metil-, fluoro- i kloro-fenil hepta izobutil poliedarski oligomerni silseskvioksani. Istraživan je njihov utjecaj na kinetiku izotermne razgradnje PEO-a. Aktivacijska energija, predeksponencijalni faktor i kinetički model izračunati su pomoću programa Netzsch Thermokinetics Professional. Utvrđeno je da se proces izotermne toplinske razgradnje odvija kroz jedan stupanj koji je najbolje opisan autokatalitičkim modelima.
Priprava celuloznih hidrogelova modificiranih 2-dimetilaminoetil-metakrilatom i srebrovim nanočesticama
Authors: Blažic Roko , Lenac Katarina , Vidović Elvira
Published: May 2020

Hidrogelovi su materijali koji se odlikuju mogućnošću upijanja velike količine vode. Celuloza je vrlo rasprostranjen biokompatibilan i biorazgradljiv polisaharid s hidrofilnim OH skupinama u strukturi koje omogućuju raznovrsne modifikacije. Uvođenjem novih funkcijskih skupina na osnovni polisaharidni lanac moguće je mijenjati svojstva hidrogela kako bi se pripremili hidrogelovi željenih svojstava: antibakterijska svojstva, osjetljivost na vanjske podražaje i slično. U ovom radu provedeno je graftiranje dimetilaminoetil-metakrilata (DMAEMA) na celulozu. Polimerizacija DMAEMA na celulozu provedena je u otapalu N,N-dimetil acetamid/LiCl uz peroksidni inicijator pri temperaturi od 90 °C te N,N-metilen-bis-akrilamid (MBA) kao umreživačem. U pripravljene hidrogelove unesene su i nanočestice srebra, dobro poznate po antibakterijskim svojstvima. Relativni udio PDMAEMA u hidrogelovima određen je pomoću infracrvene spektroskopije. Morfologija osušenih uzorka i prisutnost srebra određene su pretražnom elektronskom mikroskopijom koja je pokazala da je dodatkom PDMAEMA i sušenjem hidrogelova ekstrakcijom zamrzavanjem dobivena vrlo porozna struktura. Na taj način pospješeno je i vezanje nanočestica srebra na hidrogelove. Uzorci kopolimera priređeni sušenjem u sušioniku pokazuju veći stupanj bubrenja u deioniziranoj vodi (~ 109 %) u odnosu na čistu celulozu (80 %). Isti materijali sušeni ekstrakcijom zamrzavanjem i tako oblikovani u porozne hidrogelove pokazuju znatno veće vrijednosti stupnja bubrenja (256 % i 505 %) naspram čiste celuloze (80 %).