bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the asymmetry structure of the leaf blade Common plantain
Authors: Baranov Sergey G. , Zykov Igor E. , Biryukova Tatyana S. , Fedorova Lubov V. , Antsyshkina Alla M.
Published: May 2021

Using the method of geometric morphometrics the contour of the image of the leaf blade of the Common plantain (Plantago major) was aligned along the axis of symmetry to answer the question of whether the asymmetry and shape were influenced by environmental pollution by vehicles and climatic conditions. Procrustes distances showed that fluctuating asymmetry was higher in roadside populations in 2019. In the control populations, a mixture of two types of asymmetry, fluctuating and directional, was obtained. In 2020 with high precipitation (47% more than in 2019), asymmetry was represented by higher directional asymmetry (p<0.0001), although the overall asymmetry remained the same. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test showed the influence on the shape only climatic environments of the year (p<0.001). The geographical location of the populations and the combined effect of the factors year and the place of leaves gathering did not affect the shape of the leaf blade. In 2020, no data were obtained on the excess of asymmetry in roadside populations compared to the control, therefore authors conclude about the weak bioindicative properties of the Common plantain in response to traffic pollution.
Eco-innovative application of phyto-raw materials in the technology of long-term storage of unrefined sunflower oil
Authors: Timakova Roza , Iliukhin Ruslan
Published: May 2021

Along with the development of agroecosystems, environmental friendliness of agricultural and industrial technologies for long-term storage of agricultural products is being formed as a result of cognitive technologies development, including innovations in biotechnologies. Achieving the biological safety of bulk unrefined sunflower oil is based on the addition of an unconventional antioxidant phyto-raw material to it - stinging nettle, which slows down oxidative processes. In order to prevent oil contamination, the optimal dose of ionizing radiation for the nettle treatment is established - up to 1.5 kGr, which ensures microbiological safety and antioxidant activity (AOA) at the level of 0.763 + 0.016 mMeq, comparable to AOA in the untreated nettle samples after 3 months. After 52 days of storage, the acid number was in the range of 0.99-1.15 mg KOH / g, the peroxide number was 5.09-5.16 mmol active oxygen / kg. Adding 0.5-1.0 wt. % nettle powder to the oil ensures the compliance of organoleptic parameters with the established requirements - transparency, taste and smell. Adding 1.0 wt. % nettle powder to the oil slows down the filtration process of the resulting suspension. The practical relevance of the study is determined by the verification of the research results to prolong the oil shelf life by adding environmentally friendly phyto-raw materials to it.
Environmental investments as the basis of “green” economy: empirical evidence from Ukrainian companies
Authors: Vasylchuk Iryna , Suprun Anatolij , Slyusarenko Kateryna , Sadovenko Maryna
Published: May 2021

Investments in environmental protection are crucial for achieving the goals of building green economy. The purpose of the study is, firstly, to assess the state and trends of Ukrainian companies investments for environmental purposes; secondly, to identify the determinants of the impact on the volume of environmental protection investments; finally, to determine presence /absence of a link between environmental investments and financial performance of companies. The initial data for the study were obtained from published statistical reports for the period from 2010 till 2019. Methods of analysis for testing hypotheses are descriptive and correlation-regression ones. It was found out that the selected independent variables (belonging to environmentally damaging activities and revenue of the companies) are positively correlated with the volume of costs and investments in environmental protection of Ukrainian companies. However, for the independent variable “financial results” a negative correlation was obtained. The hypothesis of environmental investments positive impact on the financial profitability of companies has not been confirmed. Environmental policy in Ukraine concerning implementation of “green” growth strategy is defined as a reflective one due to a number of economic and political factors.
The impact of inflation on the unemployment rate in Egypt: a VAR approach
Authors: Attia Mohamed Omran Emad , Bilan Yuriy
Published: May 2021

Unemployment and inflation are among the most critical phenomena facing both developed and developing countries due to their harmful social, economic, and political effects. The Egyptian monetary policy’s main objective is to maintain a low inflation rate in the medium run to keep the confidence and a high rate of investment and economic growth. At the same time, economists argue that targeting a low-rate of inflation may increase unemployment. Although the classical Philips curve indicates a trade-off between inflation and unemployment, several empirical studies have argued that the relationship between inflation and unemployment depends on the shocks’ source and lagged responses. The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between inflation and Egypt’s unemployment rate. We used time-series data from 1980 to 2019, where a vector autoregressive (VAR) model and the Impulse response function tool (IRF) were employed. The results show that inflation has a positive relationship with GDP while negatively affecting the unemployment rate.
The Effect of Nonlinear Frequency Compression on Acoustic Change Complex Responses in High-Frequency Dead-Regioned Hearing Loss
Authors: Kösemihal Ebru , Akdas Ferda
Published: May 2021

Abstract Purpose The study is concern with the distinguishing of the stimuli containing high frequency information with the frequency compression feature at the cortical level using the acoustic change complex (ACC) and the comparison of such with the ACC answers
of individuals with normal hearing. Research Design This is a case‐control study. Study Sample Thirty adults (21 males and nine females) with normal hearing, ranging in age between 16 and 63 years (mean: 36.7 ± 12.9 years) and 20
adults (16 males and four females) with hearing loss ranging in age between 16 and 70 years (mean:49.0 ± 19.8 years) have been included in this study. Data Collection and Analysis A total of 1,000 ms long stimulus containing 500 and 4,000 Hz
tonal stimuli was used for ACC recording. The start frequency (SF) and compression ratio (CR) parameters of the hearing aids were programmed according to the default settings (SFd, CRd) in the device software, the optimal setting (SFo, CRo), and the extra compression (SFe, CRe) requirements
and ACC has been recorded for each condition. Evaluation has been performed according to P1-N1-P2 wave complex and ACC complex wave latencies. Independent samples t-test was used to test the significance of the differences between the groups. Results In all individuals
ACC has been observed. There was a significant difference between the wave latencies in normal hearing- and hearing-impaired groups. All wave latency averages of the individuals with hearing impairment were longer than the individuals with normal hearing. There were statistically significant
differences between SFd-SFo, SFd-SFe, and SFo-SFe parameters. But there was no difference between CRd, CRo, and CRe in terms of CRs. Conclusion In order to discriminate high frequency information at the cortical level we should not rely on default settings of the SF and CR
of the hearing aids. Optimal bandwidth must be adjusted without performing insufficient compression or over-compression. ACC can be used besides the real ear measurement for hearing aid fitting.
Preoperative Oral Hydration Is Safe in Rapid Recovery Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Anoushiravani Afshin A. , Singh Vivek , Feng James E. , Posner Andrew , Jean-Louis Kimberly , Schwarzkopf Ran , Davidovitch Roy I.
Published: May 2021

Fluid and food restrictions prior to surgery are thought to reduce the risk for perioperative aspiration pneumonia. However, the recent anesthesia literature suggests that clear fluids up to 2 hours before surgery may be tolerated. Here we investigate the safety and efficacy of a standardized hydration protocol among same-day discharge total hip arthroplasty (SDD-THA) candidates. All patients scheduled to undergo primary SDD THA between January 2017 and October 2018 were included. Surgical recipients between January 2017 and August 2017 were used as historical controls. Surgical recipients between September 2017 and October 2018 participated in the hydration initiative which allowed for the consumption of 32 oz of clear fluid 2 hours prior to surgery. Baseline demographics and quality metrics were prospectively collected and analyzed to define the impact of a hydration protocol in SDD THA. In total, 585 consecutive SDD-THA candidates were included in this study, of which 309 and 276 patients were in the control and hydration cohorts, respectively. Univariable analysis of postoperative outcomes demonstrated that a similar number of THA recipients failed SDD (7.44 vs. 7.97%; p = 0.88); however, a clinically meaningful reduction in hypotensive episodes was observed among the hydration cohort (0.4 vs. 1.9%; p = 0.08). Multivariable regression demonstrated similar outcomes after controlling for all collected patient risk factors (odds ratio 0.95; 95% confidence interval 0.48–1.88; p = 0.89). Our study suggests hydration protocols are safe and may reduce the clinical incidence of postoperative hypotension when compared with standard nil per os restrictions. Future studies are needed to better elucidate the role of perioperative hydration before THA. The level of evidence of the study is level II, prospective observational cohort.
Understanding the Anatomy of the Denonvilliers Fascia: Review Article
Authors: Alessa Mohammed Yousef
Published: May 2021

The postoperative outcome of rectal cancer has been improved after the introduction of the principles of total mesorectal excision (TME). Total mesorectal excision includes resection of the diseased rectum and mesorectum with non-violated mesorectal fascia (en bloc resection). Dissection along the mesorectal fascia through the principle of the “holy plane” minimizes injury of the autonomic nerves and increases the chance of preserving them. It is important to stick to the TME principle to avoid perforating the tumor; violating the mesorectal fascia, thus resulting in positive circumferential resection margin (CRM); or causing injury to the autonomic nerves, especially if the tumor is located anteriorly. Therefore, identifying the anterior plane of dissection during TME is important because it is related with the autonomic nerves (Denonvilliers fascia). Although there are many articles about the Denonvilliers fascia (DVF) or the anterior dissection plane, unfortunately, there is no consensus on its embryological origin, histology, and gross anatomy. In the present review article, I aim to delineate and describe the anatomy of the DVF in more details based on a review of the literature, in order to provide insight for colorectal surgeons to better understand this anatomical feature and to provide the best care to their patients.
Robotic Surgery in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Oliveira Sara Margarida Leonardo de , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

Rectal cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most effective and curative treatment is surgery, and the standard procedure is total mesorectal excision, initially performed by open surgery and posteriorly by minimally invasive techniques. Robotic surgery is an emerging technology that is expected to overcome the limitations of the laparoscopic approach. It has several advantages, including a stable camera platform with high definition three-dimensional image, flexible instruments with seven degrees of freedom, a third arm for fixed retraction, fine motion scaling, excellent dexterity, ambidextrous capability, elimination of physiological tremors and better ergonomics, that facilitate a steady and precise tissue dissection. The main technical disadvantages are the loss of tactile sensation and tensile feedback and the complex installation process. The aim of the present study is to review the importance and benefits of robotic surgery in rectal cancer, particularly in comparison with the laparoscopic approach. Intraoperative estimated blood loss, short and long-term outcomes as well as pathological outcomes were similar between robotic and laparoscopic surgery. The operative time is usually longer in robotic surgery and the high costs are still its major drawback. Robotic surgery for rectal cancer demonstrated lower conversion rate to open surgery and benefits in urinary and sexual functions and has been established as a safe and feasible technique.
Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumours – Experience of One Service
Authors: Devezas Vítor , Barbosa Laura Elisabete
Published: May 2021

Tumours of the appendix are rare and tend to be diagnosed incidentally, in cases of acute appendicitis. For some authors, appendiceal neuroendocrine tumours (ANETs) are the most frequent neoplasm of the appendix, observed in 0.3% to 0.9% of cases acute appendicitis. The present is a unicentric retrospective study conducted between January 2005 and March 2017. Out of a total of 3,007 surgeries for appendiceal pathologies performed in the adult population at the hospital where the present study was conducted, there were 70 (2.33%) malignant cases, 20 (28.6%) of which were ANETs. The patients had a median age of 44 years (range: 18 to 85 years), and were predominantly women (there were 1.9 times more women than men). In 16 cases (80%), a simple appendicectomy was performed (1 patient was submitted to a right hemicolectomy later). The cases of ANETs had a good prognosis in our series: 85% of the patients are either alive today or were alive after 5 years of follow-up. Despite the fact that ANETs are described as the most frequent tumor of the appendix, this was not confirmed in our series, in which they only represented 28.6% of the cases; adenocarcinoma was the most frequent tumor (65.7%) among our sample.
Perforated Jejunal Adenocarcinoma in a COVID-19-Positive Patient
Authors: Cruz Jorge Said Haro , Degollado Ana Cristina Díaz , Iturbide Ricardo García , Gutiérrez Claudio Daniel Rojas , Macías Javier Alba , Hernández Andrei Coria
Published: May 2021

Jejunal adenocarcinoma is a rare type of primary small bowel malignancy. It is generally diagnosed at late stages and as a surgical finding, with abdominal pain or discomfort being the main associated symptom. Cases presenting with perforation are even rarer, especially without disseminated disease. The relationship between cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still being studied, as well as the postsurgical evolution of COVID-19 patients and its possible causality of intestinal perforation. We present the case of a perforated jejunal adenocarcinoma in a COVID-19-positive patient, in whom the symptomatology secondary to the perforation led to an early diagnosis, treatment and adequate postsurgical evolution, despite the concomitant condition.
Robotic Transanal Surgery. Initial Experience in a Developing Country
Authors: Guraieb-Trueba Montserrat , Sánchez-Robles Juan Carlos , Navarro-Lara Eduardo , Herrera-Virrueta Víctor Javier
Published: May 2021

Background Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is a surgical technique used for the excision of rectal neoplasia that gained popularity during the last decade.Due to the technical difficulty (non-articulated instruments, reduced workspace) and the long learning curve associated with this technique, the use of robotic platforms to improve resection results has been suggested and reported, at the same time that the learning curve decreases and the procedure is facilitated

Materials and Methods From March 2017 to December 2019, all patients with rectal lesions eligible for TAMIS were offered the possibility to receive a robotic TAMIS (R-TAMIS). We used a transanal GelPoint Path (Applied Medical Inc., Santa Margarita, CA, USA) in the anal canal to be able to do the Da Vinci Si (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) robotic platform docking, which we used to perform the excision of the rectal lesion as well as the resection site defect.

Results Five patients between 34 and 79 years of age underwent R-TAMIS. The mean distance to the anal verge was 8.8 cm. There were no conversions. The mean surgery time was 85 minutes, and the mean docking time was 6.6 minutes.

Conclusions Robotic TAMIS is a feasible alternative to TAMIS, with a faster learning curve for experienced surgeons in transanal surgery and better ergonomics. Further studies are needed to assess the cost-benefit relationship.
The Lung Allocation Score and Its Relevance
Authors: Lyu Dennis M. , Goff Rebecca R. , Chan Kevin M.
Published: May 2021

Lung transplantation in the United States, under oversight by the Organ Procurement Transplantation Network (OPTN) in the 1990s, operated under a system of allocation based on location within geographic donor service areas, wait time of potential recipients, and ABO compatibility. On May 4, 2005, the lung allocation score (LAS) was implemented by the OPTN Thoracic Organ Transplantation Committee to prioritize patients on the wait list based on a balance of wait list mortality and posttransplant survival, thus eliminating time on the wait list as a factor of prioritization. Patients were categorized into four main disease categories labeled group A (obstructive lung disease), B (pulmonary hypertension), C (cystic fibrosis), and D (restrictive lung disease/interstitial lung disease) with variables within each group impacting the calculation of the LAS. Implementation of the LAS led to a decrease in the number of wait list deaths without an increase in 1-year posttransplant survival. LAS adjustments through the addition, modification or elimination of covariates to improve the estimates of patient severity of illness, have since been made in addition to establishing criteria for LAS value exceptions for pulmonary hypertension patients. Despite the success of the LAS, concerns about the prioritization, and transplantation of older, sicker individuals have made some aspects of the LAS controversial. Future changes in US lung allocation are anticipated with the current development of a continuous distribution model that incorporates the LAS, geographic distribution, and unaccounted aspects of organ allocation into an integrated score.
Pushing the Envelope for Donor Lungs
Authors: Abdelnour-Berchtold Etienne , Ali Aadil , Cypel Marcelo , Keshavjee Shaf
Published: May 2021

The shortage of organ donors remains the major limiting factor in lung transplant, with the number of patients on the waiting list largely exceeding the number of available organ donors. Another issue is the low utilization rate seen in some types of donors. Therefore, novel strategies are continuously being explored to increase the donor pool. Advanced age, smoking history, positive serologies, and size mismatch are common criteria that decrease the rate of use when it comes to organ utilization. Questioning these limitations is one of the purposes of this review. Challenging these limitations by adapting novel donor management strategies could help to increase the rate of suitable lungs for transplantation while still maintaining good outcomes. A second goal is to present the latest advances in organ donation after controlled and uncontrolled cardiac death, and also on how to improve these lungs on ex vivo platforms for assessment and future specific therapies. Finally, pushing the limit of the donor envelope also means reviewing some of the recent improvements made in lung preservation itself, as well as upcoming experimental research fields. In summary, donor lung optimization refers to a global care strategy to increase the total numbers of available allografts, and preserve or improve organ quality without paying the price of early-, mid-, or long-term negative outcomes after transplantation.
Larger particles can diffuse faster than smaller ones
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: May 2021

An experiment investigating the dynamics of rod-like viruses within crystalline phases of a matrix of short rods produces counterintuitive results.
Atomic-scale dynamics calculation of the formation of a flyer due to the shock wave induced by multi-pulse laser
Authors: Geng Deshen , Chen Lang , Liu Danyang , Zhao Pin , Lu Jianying , Wu Junying
Published: May 2021

Laser-driven flyer technology is a new dynamic high-pressure loading approach for accelerating metal as a high-speed flyer. The flyer velocity can be effectively increased using a multi-pulse laser. However, the effect of interactions between the multi-pulse laser and the metal foil on flyer formation is not clear. Based on atomic-scale dynamics combined with the two-temperature model, this paper models for the first time the entire process of using a multi-pulse laser to form a high-speed flyer. It was found that the velocity, thickness, and integrity of the flyer are different for multi-pulse than for single pulse. For a fixed number of pulses, the velocity and integrity of the flyer can be increased by appropriately increasing the delay time. However, if the delay time is too long, the shock wave generated by the second pulse will cause the flyer to suffer from secondary shock loading, and the integrity of the flyer is destroyed. If the delay time between each laser beam is fixed, the energy of each beam and the resulting pressure of the shock wave can be reduced by increasing the number of pulses. In this case, the flyer does not undergo strong impact loading and the integrity of the flyer is improved. The shock wave caused by laser pulse can result in the crystal transformation from FCC to BCC or HCP, which enhances the formation of flyer. The results of this study are important for understanding the dynamic response of a metal subjected to a multi-pulse laser and for developing laser-driven flyer technology.
Violet light suppresses lens-induced myopia via neuropsin (OPN5) in mice
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyan , Pardue Machelle T. , Mori Kiwako , Ikeda Shin-ichi , Torii Hidemasa , D’Souza Shane , Lang Richard A. , Kurihara Toshihide , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: May 2021

Significance

The increasing prevalence of myopia is a significant public health concern. Unfortunately, the mechanisms driving myopia remain elusive, limiting effective treatment options. This report identifies a refractive development pathway that requires
Opn5
-expressing retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Stimulation of
Opn5
RGCs with short-wavelength violet light prevented experimental myopia in mice. Furthermore, this effect was dependent on the time of day, with evening exposure being sufficient to protect against experimental myopia. Thus, these studies suggest
Opn5
RGCs may contribute to the mechanisms of emmetropization and identify the OPN5 pathway as a potential target for the treatment of myopia.
Transfer transcriptomic signatures for infectious diseases
Authors: di Iulio Julia , Bartha Istvan , Spreafico Roberto , Virgin Herbert W. , Telenti Amalio
Published: May 2021

Significance

Human responses to infection include transcriptional changes shared across diverse pathogens. To capture these common patterns, we establish the concept of, and the method for, the identification of “transfer signatures”: sets of genes defining human immunophenotypes. We demonstrate the usefulness of transfer signatures in two use cases: the progression of latent to active tuberculosis and the severity of viral respiratory infections.
Double beta decay of 150Nd to the first 0+ excited level of 150Sm
Authors: Polischuk O G , Barabash A S , Belli P , Bernabei R , Boiko R S , Cappella F , Caracciolo V , Cerulli R , Danevich F A , Di Marco A , Incicchitti A , Kasperovych D V , Kobychev V V , Konovalov S I , Laubenstein M , Poda D V , Tretyak V I , Umatov V I
Published: May 2021

An experiment to measure the 2β
– decay of 150Nd to excited levels of 150Sm using a highly purified 2.381 kg sample of Nd2O3 is in progress in the low-background set-up with 4 HPGe detectors (∼225 cm3 volume each). The detector is located deep underground (3600 m w.e.) at the STELLA facility of the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the INFN (Italy). Two γ quanta with energies 334.0 keV and 406.5 keV emitted after deexcitation of the 01
+ excited level of 150Sm have been observed in the experimental data accumulated over 39898 h. The preliminary half-life value for 2β
– decay of 150Nd to the first 0+ excited level in 150Sm (after the exposure of 10.8 kg × yr) was estimated as

T

1
/
2

=

9.7

−
1.9

+
2.9

stat
.

±
1.5

syst
.

×

10

19

yr. The experiment is under data taking with the aim to improve the statistical uncertainties.
Large-N random matrix gravity and the double hierarchy problem
Authors: Khosravi Nima
Published: May 2021

Why are the cosmological constant, electroweak and Planck
scales so different? This “double hierarchy” problem, where
Λ ≪ M2
EW ≪ M2
p
, is one of the most pressing in
fundamental physics. We show that in a theory of N randomly
coupled massive gravitons at the electroweak scale, these scales are
linked precisely by such a double hierarchy for large N, with
intriguing cosmological consequences. Surprisingly, in all the
physical scales, only one massless graviton emerges which is also,
effectively, the only one that is coupled to matter, giving rise to
standard Einstein gravity, with Mp
2Gμν= Tμν
at
large N. In addition there is a tower of massive gravitons, the
lightest of which can drive late-time acceleration. In this
scenario, the observed empirical relation Λ Mp
2 ∼
MEW
4
as well as the double hierarchy, arise naturally since
Λ ∼ M2
EW/√(N) and M2
p ∼ √(N)MEW
2
.
Astrophysics & cosmology from line intensity mapping vs galaxy surveys
Authors: Schaan Emmanuel , White Martin
Published: May 2021

Line intensity mapping (LIM) proposes to efficiently observe distant faint galaxies and map the matter density field at high redshift.
Building upon the formalism in a companion paper,
we first highlight the degeneracies between cosmology and astrophysics in LIM.
We discuss what can be constrained from measurements of the mean intensity and redshift-space power spectra.
With a sufficient spectral resolution, the large-scale redshift-space distortions of the 2-halo term can be measured, helping to break the degeneracy between bias and mean intensity.
With a higher spectral resolution, measuring the small-scale redshift-space distortions disentangles the 1-halo and shot noise terms.
Cross-correlations with external galaxy catalogs or lensing surveys further break degeneracies.
We derive requirements for experiments similar to SPHEREx, HETDEX, CDIM, COMAP and CONCERTO.

We then revisit the question of the optimality of the LIM observables, compared to galaxy detection, for astrophysics and cosmology.
We use a matched filter to compute the luminosity detection threshold for individual sources.
We show that LIM contains information about galaxies too faint to detect, in the high-noise or high-confusion regimes.
We quantify the sparsity and clustering bias of the detected sources and compare them to LIM, showing in which cases LIM is a better tracer of the matter density.
We extend previous work by answering these questions as a function of Fourier scale, including for the first time the effect of cosmic variance, pixel-to-pixel correlations, luminosity-dependent clustering bias and redshift-space distortions.
Multi-tracer intensity mapping: cross-correlations, line noise & decorrelation
Authors: Schaan Emmanuel , White Martin
Published: May 2021

Line intensity mapping (LIM) is a rapidly emerging technique for constraining cosmology and galaxy formation using multi-frequency, low angular resolution maps.
Many LIM applications crucially rely on cross-correlations of two line intensity maps, or of intensity maps with galaxy surveys or galaxy/CMB lensing.
We present a consistent halo model to predict all these cross-correlations and enable joint analyses, in 3D redshift-space and for 2D projected maps.
We extend the conditional luminosity function formalism to the multi-line case, to consistently account for correlated scatter between multiple galaxy line luminosities.
This allows us to model the scale-dependent decorrelation between two line intensity maps,
a key input for foreground rejection and for approaches that estimate auto-spectra from cross-spectra.
This also enables LIM cross-correlations to reveal astrophysical properties of the interstellar medium inacessible with LIM auto-spectra.
We expose the different sources of luminosity scatter or “line noise” in LIM, and clarify their effects on the 1-halo and galaxy shot noise terms.
In particular, we show that the effective number density of halos can in some cases exceed that of galaxies, counterintuitively.
Using observational and simulation input, we implement this halo model for the Hα, [Oiii], Lyman-α, CO and [Cii] lines.
We encourage observers and simulators to measure galaxy luminosity correlation coefficients for pairs of lines whenever possible.
Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/EmmanuelSchaan/HaloGen/tree/LIM.
In a companion paper, we use this halo model formalism and code
to highlight the degeneracies between cosmology and astrophysics in LIM, and to compare the LIM observables to galaxy detection for a number of surveys.
An easily-prepared impedance matched Josephson parametric amplifier*
Authors: Lu Ya-Peng , Zuo Quan , Pan Jia-Zheng , Jiang Jun-Liang , Wei Xing-Yu , Li Zi-Shuo , Xu Wen-Qu , Zhang Kai-Xuan , Guo Ting-Ting , Wang Shuo , Cao Chun-Hai , Xu Wei-Wei , Sun Guo-Zhu , Wu Pei-Heng
Published: May 2021

An impedance matched parametric amplifier (IMPA) with Josephson junctions is fabricated and characterized. A hybrid structure containing coplanar and strip structures is implemented to realize an impedance taper line and a plate capacitor in an LC nonlinear resonator based on Josephson junctions. The upper plate of the capacitor is isolated with SiN
x
without grounding as well as the strips. Such easily-prepared designs greatly reduce the requirements for lithography alignment and precision, which makes the fabrication process more reliable. The experimental results show that in such IMPA a gain higher than 25 dB with a bandwidth of about 100 MHz can be obtained. This broadband amplifier operates close to the quantum limit. By adjusting the working point, a higher bandwidth of about 400 MHz can be obtained with a gain of about 17 dB.
Hawking radiation received at infinity in higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole spacetimes *
Authors: Lin Kai , Qian Wei-Liang , Fan Xilong , Wang Bin , Abdalla Elcio
Published: May 2021

In this study, we investigate the Hawking radiation in higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström black holes as received by an observer located at infinity. The frequency-dependent transmission rates, which deform the thermal radiation emitted in the vicinity of the black hole horizon, are evaluated numerically. In addition to those in four-dimensional spacetime, the calculations are extended to higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström metrics, and the results are observed to be sensitive to the spacetime dimension to an extent. Generally, we observe that the transmission coefficient practically vanishes when the frequency of the emitted particle approaches zero. It increases with frequency and eventually saturates to a certain value. For four-dimensional spacetime, the above result is demonstrated to be mostly independent of the metric's parameter and the orbital quantum number of the particle, when the location of the event horizon,

, and the product of the charges of the black hole and the particle qQ are known. However, for higher-dimensional scenarios, the convergence becomes more gradual. Moreover, the difference between states with different orbital quantum numbers is observed to be more significant. As the magnitude of the product of charges qQ becomes more significant, the transmission coefficient exceeds 1. In other words, the resultant spectral flux is amplified, which results in an accelerated process of black hole evaporation. The relationship of the calculated outgoing transmission coefficient with existing results on the greybody factor is discussed.
When Convolutional Neural Networks Meet Remote Sensing Data for Fire Detection
Authors: Li Ziwen , Wang Yuehuan , Liang Shuo
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end Dual Fire Detection Network (DFD-Net) for the remote sensing data fire detection task. The proposed network architecture consists of two streams in a parallel fashion, a fire estimate stream is used to detect fire pixels, and a cloud-water stream is built to exclude cloud and water regions. Moreover, the pixel and band attention modules adapted to characteristics of the remote sensing data are proposed. Experimental results on our prepared Himawari-8 data fire detection dataset with ground truth labels demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existed fire detection methods in various metrics.
Cross-view geo-localization via Salient Feature Partition Network
Authors: He Sijin , Wang Yuehuan
Published: May 2021

Cross-view geo-localization aims to find images containing the same geographic target from images obtained from different platforms. The extreme viewpoint variations bring challenges to this task. Existing methods usually focus on mining the fine-grained features of geographic targets in images, ignoring the potential contextual information around them. In this paper, we consider that the background regions can be used as auxiliary information, which can make the image representation for geo-localization more discriminative. Specifically, we designed a classification network that divides regional features based on saliency, called Salient Feature Partition Network (SFPN), which utilizes background information in an end-to-end manner. Without using additional part estimators, SFPN divides the features into foreground and background based on saliency. It simplifies part matching and realizes the region division learning. The method proposed in this paper has achieved competitive results on the university 1652 dataset.
Relevance Transfer: Towards Robust Distillation in Person Re-Identification
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yang Zuliu , Yang Junting , Zhao Yong
Published: May 2021

Person Re-Identification(ReID) is developing rapidly these years powered by deep learning. However most existing methods with state-of-the-art performance are highly dependent on “heavy” CNN backbones, which are hard to deploy on lightweight computing devices. In this paper, we propose a novel feature distillation method called Relevance Transfer, which aims to transfer the knowledge hidden inside the relation of different feature parts from teacher network to tiny student network. And we conduct a Multi-Granularity Horizontal Partition (MGHP) strategy to make training more efficient and robust. As results on two mainstream ReID datasets show, our method achieves competitive performance with original logits Knowledge Distillation (logits KD), and gains even more aggressive performance when works along with logits KD.
Fast Closed-Loop SLAM based on the fusion of IMU and Lidar
Authors: Hengjie Luo , Hong Bao , Cheng Xu
Published: May 2021

In the large-scale mapping of Lidar SLAM, there are problems of slow closed-loop detection matching speed and false detection. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a method based on the fusion of IMU and Lidar. Use IMU geomagnetic data for geomagnetic matching and filter the pose nodes in the map to reduce the search space during closed-loop detection. At the same time, due to the reduction of the search space, it can effectively reduce the high local similarity in Lidar SLAM false detection caused. This experiment verified the method by collecting Lidar point cloud data and IMU three-axis geomagnetic data in a real environment, the closed-loop detection speed and map average absolute error of frame-by-frame method, branch-and-bound method, DTW fusion algorithm and Fast-DTW fusion algorithm were verified and compared. Experimental results shown that, compared with DTW fusion algorithm, the proposed algorithm improved the closed-loop detection speed by 17%, reduced the average absolute error of translation by 16%, and reduced the average absolute error of rotation by 10%.
Path tracking control optimization algorithm for mobile robot based on backstepping control algorithm
Authors: Peifeng Li , Hong Bao , Cheng Xu
Published: May 2021

Path tracking control of wheeled mobile robot is always an important research content in intelligent control research. Aiming at the control problem that the nonholonomic nature of wheeled mobile robot and external interference factors affect the tracking control effect, an improved backstepping control algorithm is proposed based on backstepping algorithm and speed compensation control method. Firstly, the kinematics model of wheeled mobile robot is constructed, and the mathematical relations of kinematics and path tracking state error are deduced. Secondly, the kinematics speed control law of mobile robot is designed based on the backstepping control algorithm and speed compensation control method, which improves the robustness of path tracking control. Finally, the design is verified by Lyapunov stability theorem. The tracking convergence of the tracking control algorithm is discussed. Compared with the traditional backstepping control algorithm, the improved algorithm improves the robustness of path tracking control. The tracking control algorithm proposed in this paper can be applied in the related fields of wheeled mobile robot, and the practical benefit is remarkable.
A Method to Improve IR Drop issue of Large-Size Top-Emission AMOLED
Authors: Yang Shuzhen , Zhang Liangfen , Shi Longqiang , Han Baixiang , Zhang Shengdong
Published: May 2021

Top-emitting active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays usually use a thin cathode layer to obtain high transmittance. However, the thin surface cathode inevitably raises an IR drop issue or even a Mura effect that is visible to the naked eyes, especially in large-size displays. Therefore, to reduce the IR-drop effect and improve the display quality, a plurality of cathode separators are provided to separate the cathode of AMOLEDs to electrically connect the cathode to the auxiliary electrodes under the cathode separators. In this work, we report how to control the process of organic photoresist to obtain a good anti-taper (cathode separator). The organic photoresist is formed through the steps of coating, pre-bake, exposure, post exposure bake (PEB) and then developing, but the exposure and PEB processes are the key factors, which can improve the anti-taper below 53° (The EL evaporation angle is 53°).
Design and implementation of HF signal receiving and processing module based on FPGA
Authors: Gong Q Y , Zhang L , Yu L Y , Yan R L
Published: May 2021

This article designs and implements a receiving processing module based on the Xilinx ZCU102 evaluation board for the signal waveform defined in Appendix C of MIL-STD-188-110C. The focus is on the digital down-conversion, synchronization capture, and adaptive equalization algorithm for this signal processing module. Compare and design two adaptive algorithms, LMS (Least Mean Square) and DLMS (Delayed Least Mean Square). LMS algorithm has better convergence effect than DLMS algorithm, and the calculation efficiency is lower than the DLMS algorithm based on the structure of the systolic array. The signal waveform is tested under CCIR (International Radio Consultative Committee) HF (High Frequency) channel. The experimental results show that the receiving processing module has good feasibility for signals under medium HF channels.
Radar Emitter Identification Based on Fully Connected Spiking Neural Network
Authors: Wei LI , Wei-gang Zhu , Hong-feng Pang , Hong-yu Zhao
Published: May 2021

In the face of the increasing complex electromagnetic environment and new radar system, it is difficult to extract radar emitter characteristics based on manual mode to meet requirements of modern cognitive electronic warfare. In order to improve the intelligence level of radar emitter identification, a new method based on Spiking Neuron Network (SNN) for radar emitter identification is proposed in this paper. Firstly, five kinds of common radar signals are converted into two-dimensional gray scale images by using time-frequency analysis method. Then, the images are converted into spikes by Poisson coder, which are put into a fully connected spiking neural network for training and emitter identification. Finally, the simulation results prove the validity of this method by comparing with the traditional neural network.
Research on battlefield target recognition method based on machine learning
Authors: Zhen Jiang Yuan , Zheng Zhou , Wei Lu , Yuan Gen Lu
Published: May 2021

All articles must contain an abstract. The abstract text should be formatted using 10 point Times or Times New Roman and indented 25 mm from the left margin. Leave 10 mm space after the abstract before you begin the main text of your article, starting on the same page as the abstract. The abstract should give readers concise information about the content of the article and indicate the main results obtained and conclusions drawn. The abstract is not part of the text and should be complete in itself; no table numbers, figure numbers, references or displayed mathematical expressions should be included. It should be suitable for direct inclusion in abstracting services and should not normally exceed 200 words in a single paragraph. Since contemporary information-retrieval systems rely heavily on the content of titles and abstracts to identify relevant articles in literature searches, great care should be taken in constructing both.
A Survey on Recent Advances in Image Captioning
Authors: Chen Feng , Li Xinyi , Tang Jintao , Li Shasha , Wang Ting
Published: May 2021

Image captioning, an interdisciplinary research field of computer vision and natural language processing, has attracted extensive attention. Image captioning aims to produce reasonable and accurate natural language sentences to describe images. It requires the captioning model to recognize objects and describe their relationships accurately. Intuitively, it is difficult for a machine to have the general image understanding ability like human beings. However, deep learning provides the basis for intelligent exploration. In this review, we will focus on recent advanced deep methods for image captioning. We classify existing methods into different categories and discuss these categories respectively; meanwhile, we discuss the related datasets and evaluation metrics. We also prospect the future research directions.
Study of the Hydration Kinetics of Cement Paste by Measuring Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Makridin N I , Maksimova I N , Emelyanov D V , Burnaykin I N
Published: May 2021

The hardening cement paste is a highly concentrated polyelectrolyte that changes over time. From this point of view, the main electrochemical characteristics of the hydration process of cement paste can be the electrical conductivity and electrode potentials of metals lowered into cement pastes. In the process of setting and hardening of cement dough, complex physical and chemical processes of interaction of clinker minerals with water occur. In this case, new chemical compounds are formed, the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, A13+, Si4+, Na+, H+, OH− ions in the liquid phase changes, and the amount of free water decreases. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of the cement paste will change during the hydration of Portland cement minerals. The kinetics of hydration of cement paste is studied by measuring the electrical conductivity depending on the water-cement ratio and in the presence of additives SP C-3 and PDO-M. The parameter of electrical resistance of cement paste was studied using a digital voltmeter of type B7-27A/1. In experimental studies, we used additive-free sulphate-resistant Portland cement with an activity of 41.0 MPa with a normal density of 0.24 and pure clinker minerals – C3S и β-C2S. After preparation, the cement paste was placed in the assembled cell and compacted by vibration. Graphs of changes in the complex electrical resistance of cement pastes are obtained, which show that the curves have an oscillatory character. It was found that with an increase in the water-cement ratio, the vibrational nature of the interaction of water with Portland cement minerals weakens. When the water-cement ratio is equal to 0.42, there are no fluctuations in electrical conductivity. This can be explained by the fact that when the amount of water in the cement paste increases, the influence of cations on the degree of its ordering decreases. Curves of changes in the electrical conductivity of cement pastes obtained at W/C=0.26, without additives, as well as in the presence of SP C-3 and PDO-M additives. It can be seen that in the presence of SP C-3, fluctuations in electrical conductivity are weakly expressed. It can be assumed that SP C-3 has a disordering effect on the water in the cement paste. The addition of PDO-M, on the contrary, orders the structure of water, there are fluctuations in electrical conductivity. It is shown that in the CaO–SiO2–H2O system, a state of instability develops at certain ratios of the rate constants of individual stages of the hydration process. SP C-3, adsorbed on the adsorption centers of polysilicon acid, slows down some processes, which accelerates others, and the difference between the speed constants of individual stages increases.
Cost Estimate for Exploration of Oil and Gas Fields in the Arctic Zone
Authors: Bondar K M , Minaev V A , Faddeev A O
Published: May 2021

In the paper, the oil and gas exploration methods and technologies have been compared. It is noted that the use of modern computer technologies and mathematical models ensure progress in the search and exploration of hydrocarbons. Contact and remote exploration methods and technologies have been outlined. Among contact ones, the field and analytical methods have been compared, and among remote ones, geomorphological and structurometric techniques and computer geodynamic simulation (CGDS) developed by the authors have been successively analyzed. Based on expert analysis, it has been concluded that remote-sensing methods are significantly cheaper (3-10 times). Geomorphological and structurometric remote-sensing methods are based on GPS images, i.e. they use the ‘top view’ technology. On the contrary, the CGDS technique implements the ‘view from inside’ technology based on a system of geodynamic models. It does not require preliminary fieldwork, and its application may be focused on poorly developed, complex areas such as the Arctic zone.