bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Muon $$g-2$$ anomaly and $$\mu $$–$$\tau $$-philic Higgs doublet with a light CP-even component
Authors: Wang Hong-Xin , Wang Lei , Zhang Yang
Published: November 2021

We examine the possibilities of accommodating the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly released by Fermilab in the 2HDM with a discrete $$Z_4$$

Z
4

symmetry in which an inert Higgs doublet field ($$H,~A,~H^\pm $$

H
,

A
,

H
±

) has the lepton flavor violation $$\mu $$
μ
–$$\tau $$
τ
interactions. We assume the Yukawa matrices to be real and symmetrical and investigate the case of light H (5 GeV $$<m_H<$$

<

m
H

<

115 GeV). After imposing relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, especially for the multi-lepton searches at the LHC, we find that the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly can be explained within $$2\sigma $$

2
σ

confidence level in the region of 5 GeV $$<m_H<20$$

<

m
H

<
20

 GeV, 130 GeV $$< m_A~(m_{H^\pm })<$$

<

m
A

(

m

H
±

)

<

610 GeV, and 0.005 $$<\rho<$$

<
ρ
<

0.014. Meanwhile, the $$\chi ^2_\tau $$

χ
τ
2

fitting the data of lepton flavour universality in the $$\tau $$
τ
decays approaches to the SM prediction.
Holographic QCD and the muon anomalous magnetic moment
Authors: Leutgeb Josef , Mager Jonas , Rebhan Anton
Published: November 2021

We review the recent progress made in using holographic QCD to study hadronic contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, in particular the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution, where the short-distance constraints associated with the axial anomaly are notoriously difficult to satisfy in hadronic models. This requires the summation of an infinite tower of axial vector mesons, which is naturally present in holographic QCD models, and indeed takes care of the longitudinal short-distance constraint due to Melnikov and Vainshtein. Numerically the results of simple hard-wall holographic QCD models point to larger contributions from axial vector mesons than assumed previously, while the predicted contributions from pseudo-Goldstone bosons agree nicely with data-driven approaches.
The morphological and compositional changes of bimetallic Ti/Al thin film induced by ultra-short laser pulses
Authors: Gaković B. , Danilov P. A. , Kudryashov S. I. , Milovanović D. , Radulović A. , Panjan P. , Ionin A. A.
Published: November 2021

Results regarding morphological and compositional changes of bimetallic thin film (BMTF), composed of aluminium (Al) and titanium (Ti) nano-layers, by single fs laser pulses, are presented. Laser irradiation was conducted in the air with focused, linearly polarized laser pulses, the duration being 300 fs, wavelength 515 nm, and pulse energy up to $$1.2~\upmu \hbox {J}$$

1.2

μ
J

. Effects of the variations of the pulse energy on the changes were studied. In the experiment, single pulse energy values from 0.03 to 0.08 $$\upmu \hbox {J}$$

μ
J

caused ablation–photomechanical spallation of the upper part of BMTF layer from the Si substrate, without ablation of the whole film. Irradiation at higher pulse energies gradually removed the whole BMTF and even a part of the Si substrate. We explained the influence of different electron–phonon dynamics, in the case of multilayered thin films composed of Al and Ti, on BMTF ablation. Damage/ablation threshold, which is minimal pulse energy/fluence sufficient for starting ablation, was calculated.

Graphic abstract
Muon detection at FCC-ee
Authors: Braibant Sylvie , Giacomelli Paolo
Published: November 2021

Muons provide a clean experimental signature, typically traversing the whole experimental apparatus without decaying. Muon detection systems are therefore usually located at a rather large distance from the primary interaction vertex after all other sub-detectors. As such, experimental apparatuses at FCC-ee will certainly employ very large muon systems, covering areas of a few thousand square meters. For obvious reasons of cost, the most suitable detectors to realise these large muon systems are gas detectors. In particular, in recent years, micro-pattern gas detectors (MPGDs) have undergone very interesting developments, providing several new types of detectors with very good spatial and time resolution, high efficiency, high rate capability and high radiation tolerance. The good position and time resolution makes a MPGD an excellent particle tracker, reconstructing tracks at 4–5 m from the primary interaction vertex with sub-mm precision. Therefore MPGDs, apart from efficiently detecting muons, can precisely track and help identifying also hypothesized long lived particles (LLP) that would decay outside of the central trackers. MPGDs have the distinct advantage of being, at least for some detectors and some parts of them, mass-producible by industry, since they employ materials and manufacturing procedures that are used extensively for printed circuit boards (PCB) production. A particularly innovative MPGD, the $$\mu $$
μ
RWELL, is considered as a possible candidate to build the large muon system of the IDEA detector concept for FCC-ee and is described in some more detail. Other technologies that could be considered for the realisation of muon detection systems are also briefly discussed.
Ginsenoside Rb1 Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Reduces Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Qin Guo-Wei , Lu Pan , Peng Li , Jiang Wei
Published: November 2021

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the major cause of myocardial cell damage in acute myocardial infarction, and its treatment remains a clinical challenge. Ginsenoside Rb1 showed protective effects on the cardiovascular system; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on rat MIRI-induced myocardial infarct size were evaluated through TTC staining. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis were employed to estimate cell apoptosis. Apoptosis, autophagy and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins were estimated via western blot. Expression of Beclin1 in myocardial tissues were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Expression levels of IL-1[Formula: see text], TNF-[Formula: see text] and IL-6 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Here, we found that Ginsenoside Rb1 treatment not only alleviated MIRI in rats but also protected H9C2 cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation induced damage. Ginsenoside Rb1 abolished the MIRI-induced activation of autophagy. Meanwhile, we found that treatment of 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor) could enhance the protective effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on H9C2 cells during H/R. Moreover, Ginsenoside Rb1 treatment resulted in the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and treatment of LY294002 (PI3K/Akt pathway repressor) abolished the protective effects of Ginsenoside Rb1 on myocardial in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that Ginsenoside Rb1 functions as a protector against MIRI by repressing cardiomyocyte autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Optimizations of Managerial Maintenance Policies
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning , Cai Jiajia , Zhao Xufeng
Published: November 2021

This paper takes up managerial maintenance policies during different phases for mission executions. When a mission execution is divided into two phases and three phases respectively, replacement, minimal repair and keeping failure status become alternatives for managerial maintenance policies. Further, we give approximations of the above managerial maintenance policies to make the computations simple. In this paper, keeping failure status is considered as the last choice for the last phase of mission executions. We aim to minimize the expected maintenance costs for the total mission executions. All of the discussions are made analytically and their numerical examples are given.
BOPAL 2.0 and a study of tRNA and rRNA gene evolution in Clostridium
Authors: Chua Meghan , Tan Anthony , Tremblay-Savard Olivier
Published: November 2021

We present BOPAL 2.0, an improved version of the BOPAL algorithm for the evolutionary history inference of tRNA and rRNA genes in bacterial genomes. Our approach can infer complete evolutionary scenarios and ancestral gene orders on a phylogeny and considers a wide range of events such as duplications, deletions, substitutions, inversions and transpositions. It is based on the fact that tRNA and rRNA genes are often organized in operons/clusters in bacteria, and this information is used to help identify orthologous genes for each genome comparison. BOPAL 2.0 introduces new features, such as a triple-wise alignment step, context-aware singleton matching and a second pass of the algorithm. Evaluation on simulated datasets shows that BOPAL 2.0 outperforms the original BOPAL in terms of the accuracy of inferred events and ancestral genomes. We also present a study of the tRNA/rRNA gene evolution in the Clostridium genus, in which the organization of these genes is very divergent. Our results indicate that tRNA and rRNA genes in Clostridium have evolved through numerous duplications, losses, transpositions and substitutions, but very few inversions were inferred.
Recent Developments in Privacy-preserving Mining of Clinical Data
Authors: Desmet Chance , Cook Diane J.
Published: November 2021

With the dramatic improvements in both the capability to collect personal data and the capability to analyze large amounts of data, increasingly sophisticated and personal insights are being drawn. These insights are valuable for clinical applications but also open up possibilities for identification and abuse of personal information. In this article, we survey recent research on classical methods of privacy-preserving data mining. Looking at dominant techniques and recent innovations to them, we examine the applicability of these methods to the privacy-preserving analysis of clinical data. We also discuss promising directions for future research in this area.
Unpacking Non-Dualistic Design: The Soma Design Case
Authors: Höök Kristina , Benford Steve , Tennent Paul , Tsaknaki Vasiliki , Alfaras Miquel , Avila Juan Martinez , Li Christine , Marshall Joseph , Roquet Claudia Daudén , Sanches Pedro , Ståhl Anna , Umair Muhammad , Windlin Charles , Zhou Feng
Published: November 2021

We report on a somaesthetic design workshop and the subsequent analytical work aiming to demystify what is entailed in a non-dualistic design stance on embodied interaction and why a first-person engagement is crucial to its unfoldings. However, as we will uncover through a detailed account of our process, these first-person engagements are deeply entangled with second- and third-person perspectives, sometimes even overlapping. The analysis furthermore reveals some strategies for bridging the body-mind divide by attending to our inner universe and dissolving or traversing dichotomies between
inside
and
outside
;
individual
and
social
;
body
and
technology
. By detailing the creative process, we show how soma design becomes a process of designing with and through kinesthetic experience, in turn letting us confront several dualisms that run like fault lines through HCI’s engagement with embodied interaction.
Generative Theories of Interaction
Authors: Beaudouin-Lafon Michel , Bødker Susanne , Mackay Wendy E.
Published: November 2021

Although Human–Computer Interaction research has developed various theories and frameworks for analyzing new and existing interactive systems, few address thegenerationof novel technological solutions, and new technologies often lack theoretical foundations. We introduceGenerative Theories of Interaction, which draw insights from empirical theories about human behavior in order to define specific concepts and actionable principles, which, in turn, serve as guidelines for analyzing, critiquing, and constructing new technological artifacts. After introducing and defining Generative Theories of Interaction, we present three detailed examples from our own work: Instrumental Interaction, Human–Computer Partnerships, and Communities & Common Objects. Each example describes the underlying scientific theory and how we derived and applied HCI-relevant concepts and principles to the design of innovative interactive technologies. Summary tables offer sample questions that help analyze existing technology with respect to a specific theory, critique both positive and negative aspects, and inspire new ideas for constructing novel interactive systems.
xCos: An Explainable Cosine Metric for Face Verification Task
Authors: Lin Yu-Sheng , Liu Zhe-Yu , Chen Yu-An , Wang Yu-Siang , Chang Ya-Liang , Hsu Winston H.
Published: November 2021

We study the XAI (explainable AI) on the face recognition task, particularly the face verification. Face verification has become a crucial task in recent days and it has been deployed to plenty of applications, such as access control, surveillance, and automatic personal log-on for mobile devices. With the increasing amount of data, deep convolutional neural networks can achieve very high accuracy for the face verification task. Beyond exceptional performances, deep face verification models need more interpretability so that we can trust the results they generate. In this article, we propose a novel similarity metric, called explainable cosine (
xCos
), that comes with a learnable module that can be plugged into most of the verification models to provide meaningful explanations. With the help of
xCos
, we can see which parts of the two input faces are similar, where the model pays its attention to, and how the local similarities are weighted to form the output
xCos
score. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method on LFW and various competitive benchmarks, not only resulting in providing novel and desirable model interpretability for face verification but also ensuring the accuracy as plugging into existing face recognition models.
Remote VR Studies: A Framework for Running Virtual Reality Studies Remotely Via Participant-Owned HMDs
Authors: Radiah Rivu , Mäkelä Ville , Prange Sarah , Rodriguez Sarah Delgado , Piening Robin , Zhou Yumeng , Köhle Kay , Pfeuffer Ken , Abdelrahman Yomna , Hoppe Matthias , Schmidt Albrecht , Alt Florian
Published: November 2021

We investigate opportunities and challenges of running virtual reality (VR) studies remotely. Today, many consumers own head-mounted displays (HMDs), allowing them to participate in scientific studies from their homes using their own equipment. Researchers can benefit from this approach by being able to recruit study populations normally out of their reach, and to conduct research at times when it is difficult to get people into the lab (cf. the COVID pandemic). In an initial online survey (
N
= 227), we assessed HMD owners’ demographics, their VR setups and their attitudes toward remote participation. We then identified different approaches to running remote studies and conducted two case studies for an in-depth understanding. We synthesize our findings into a framework for remote VR studies, discuss strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches, and derive best practices. Our work is valuable for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researchers conducting VR studies outside labs.
Verifying Stochastic Hybrid Systems with Temporal Logic Specifications via Model Reduction
Authors: Wang Yu , Roohi Nima , West Matthew , Viswanathan Mahesh , Dullerud Geir E.
Published: November 2021

We present a scalable methodology to verify stochastic hybrid systems for inequality linear temporal logic (iLTL) or inequality metric interval temporal logic (iMITL). Using the Mori–Zwanzig reduction method, we construct a finite-state Markov chain reduction of a given stochastic hybrid system and prove that this reduced Markov chain is approximately equivalent to the original system in a distributional sense. Approximate equivalence of the stochastic hybrid system and its Markov chain reduction means that analyzing the Markov chain with respect to a suitably strengthened property allows us to conclude whether the original stochastic hybrid system meets its temporal logic specifications. Based on this, we propose the first statistical model checking algorithms to verify stochastic hybrid systems against correctness properties, expressed in iLTL or iMITL. The scalability of the proposed algorithms is demonstrated by a case study.
HCBST: An Efficient Hybrid Sampling Technique for Class Imbalance Problems
Authors: Sowah Robert A. , Kuditchar Bernard , Mills Godfrey A. , Acakpovi Amevi , Twum Raphael A. , Buah Gifty , Agboyi Robert
Published: November 2021

Class imbalance problem is prevalent in many real-world domains. It has become an active area of research. In binary classification problems, imbalance learning refers to learning from a dataset with a high degree of skewness to the negative class. This phenomenon causes classification algorithms to perform woefully when predicting positive classes with new examples. Data resampling, which involves manipulating the training data before applying standard classification techniques, is among the most commonly used techniques to deal with the class imbalance problem. This article presents a new hybrid sampling technique that improves the overall performance of classification algorithms for solving the class imbalance problem significantly. The proposed method called the Hybrid Cluster-Based Undersampling Technique (HCBST) uses a combination of the cluster undersampling technique to under-sample the majority instances and an oversampling technique derived from Sigma Nearest Oversampling based on Convex Combination, to oversample the minority instances to solve the class imbalance problem with a high degree of accuracy and reliability. The performance of the proposed algorithm was tested using 11 datasets from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Metric Data Program data repository and University of California Irvine Machine Learning data repository with varying degrees of imbalance. Results were compared with classification algorithms such as the K-nearest neighbours, support vector machines, decision tree, random forest, neural network, AdaBoost, naïve Bayes, and quadratic discriminant analysis. Tests results revealed that for the same datasets, the HCBST performed better with average performances of 0.73, 0.67, and 0.35 in terms of performance measures of area under curve, geometric mean, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient, respectively, across all the classifiers used for this study. The HCBST has the potential of improving the performance of the class imbalance problem, which by extension, will improve on the various applications that rely on the concept for a solution.
Genetics of Thoroughbred Racehorse Performance
Authors: Bailey Ernest , Petersen Jessica L. , Kalbfleisch Theodore S.
Published: November 2021

Thoroughbred horses have been selected for racing performance for more than 400 years. Despite continued selection, race times have not improved significantly during the past 60 years, raising the question of whether genetic variation for racing performance still exists. Studies using phenotypes such as race time, money earned, and handicapping, however, demonstrate that there is extensive variation within these traits and that they are heritable. Even so, these are poor measures of racing success since Thoroughbreds race at different ages and distances and on different types of tracks, and some may not race at all. With the advent of genomic tools, DNA variants are being identified that contribute to racing success. Aside from strong associations for myostatin variants with best racing distance, weak to modest associations with racing phenotypes are reported for other genomic regions. These data suggest that diverse genetic strategies have contributed to producing a successful racehorse, and genetic variation contributing to athleticism remains important.
Innate Bacteriostatic Mechanisms Defend the Urinary Tract
Authors: Munoz Jose A. , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin , Barasch Jonathan
Published: November 2021

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common type of urogenital disease. UTI affects the urethra, bladder, ureter, and kidney. A total of 13.3% of women, 2.3% of men, and 3.4% of children in the United States will require treatment for UTI. Traditionally, bladder (cystitis) and kidney (pyelonephritis) infections are considered independently. However, both infections induce host defenses that are either shared or coordinated across the urinary tract. Here, we review the chemical and biophysical mechanisms of bacteriostasis, which limit the duration and severity of the illness. Urinary bacteria attempt to overcome each of these defenses, complicating description of the natural history of UTI.
Klotho overexpression protects against renal aging along with suppression of transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathways
Authors: Oishi Hiroaki , Doi Shigehiro , Nakashima Ayumu , Ike Takeshi , Maeoka Yujiro , Sasaki Kensuke , Doi Toshiki , Masaki Takao
Published: November 2021

Klotho is considered as an antiaging protein, and its overexpression may be a candidate therapy for protection against kidney damage with advanced aging. Although multiple factors are involved in the aging process, we showed that klotho overexpression inhibited interstitial fibrosis, accumulation of cell cycle-arrested cells, and increased levels of oxidative stress in the kidneys of aging mice, suppressing transforming growth factor-β1-related signaling pathways. The present data showed that klotho overexpression protects against age-associated kidney damage.
The Impact of Cataract Surgery on Contrast Visual Acuity and Retinal Sensitivity in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Miura Gen , Baba Takayuki , Tatsumi Tomoaki , Yokouchi Hirotaka , Yamamoto Shuichi
Published: November 2021

Purpose. To determine the effects of cataract surgery on contrast visual acuity and retinal sensitivity in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Methods. Retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity were determined by microperimetry (MAIA) and contrast sensitivity acuity tester (CAT-CP), respectively, before and after cataract surgery. The significance of the correlations between visual acuity, retinal sensitivity, contrast visual acuity, improvements after surgery, and macular structure before and after cataract surgery was determined. Results. Retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity were significantly improved after cataract surgery. The correlations among postoperative visual acuity, postoperative retinal sensitivities, and preoperative ellipsoid zone length were significant. The postoperative retinal sensitivity of the central 10° and the ellipsoid zone length was particularly significantly correlated. Preoperative contrast visual acuity and the amount of improvement and preoperative retinal sensitivity and the amount of improvement were significantly negatively correlated. The contrast visual acuity under both the 100% and 10% photopic and mesopic conditions improved significantly after cataract surgery. Conclusions. Cataract surgery in retinitis pigmentosa patients with preserved ellipsoid zones significantly improved retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity. Cataract surgery can be expected to improve retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity under various conditions, even if preoperative visual parameters are low, as long as the ellipsoid zone is preserved.
A New Mixed Estimator in Nonparametric Regression for Longitudinal Data
Authors: Octavanny Made Ayu Dwi , Budiantara I Nyoman , Kuswanto Heri , Rahmawati Dyah Putri
Published: November 2021

We introduce a new method for estimating the nonparametric regression curve for longitudinal data. This method combines two estimators: truncated spline and Fourier series. This estimation is completed by minimizing the penalized weighted least squares and weighted least squares. This paper also provides the properties of the new mixed estimator, which are biased and linear in the observations. The best model is selected using the smallest value of generalized cross-validation. The performance of the new method is demonstrated by a simulation study with a variety of time points. Then, the proposed approach is applied to a stroke patient dataset. The results show that simulated data and real data yield consistent findings.
Prediction of Enterprise Economic Activity Behavior Based on Neural Network and ARIMA Hybrid Model
Authors: Lin Zeyu , Li Shuai
Published: November 2021

Enterprise economy refers to the comprehensive situation reflected in the gross product, production scale, total production and efficiency, technological content, marketing means, and so on; under certain social conditions, enterprises use resources obtained by law to engage in economic activities. Under the guidance of consciousness or culture, enterprises use “legally obtained resources” to promote economic development. Enterprise economy is affected by manpower, capital, management, operation, policy, and other aspects. In the context of the rapid development of big data in the current era, this paper proposes a prediction model of enterprise economic activity behavior based on neural network and ARIMA by investigating a variety of artificial intelligence models and verifies its feasibility. Commodity circulation enterprises have a more urgent demand for the development of business audit due to their operation characteristics. Therefore, this paper takes commodity circulation enterprises as representatives and predicts business audit in the big data environment based on the model proposed in this paper.
Design and Analysis of Adolescent Physical Health Monitoring System under the Background of Internet of Things and 5G
Authors: Chen Zhi
Published: November 2021

In recent years, with the rapid development of network communication, 5G technology has brought about higher network speed and more communication requirements. Internet of Things technology has been widely used in many fields. Therefore, this paper realizes the physical health monitoring system under the Internet of Things and 5G communication technology to detect the physical health of teenagers in real time. Based on the in-depth analysis of the theoretical research and application status of the healthy Internet of Things at home and abroad, this paper first studies the theories and methods of teenagers’ physical health information collection, collects human body temperature and movement steps, respectively, through wearable devices based on RFID anticollision algorithm, and further estimates human health and movement. The prototype system of the adolescent physical health monitoring system is realized. The system is divided into the terminal node and client information management system: (1) The terminal node is divided into information collection node and information collection node. The hardware circuit of the collection node mainly includes a microcontroller module, a sensor module, and a power circuit, and the collection node mainly includes a microcontroller module, a serial port module, and a power circuit. (2) The client information management system is divided into PC end and the mobile end. The PC end uses asp.net and SQL Server technology to design the database and user interface, and the mobile end uses WeChat public platform for development and design.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Treating Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yue Lei , Sun Ming-shuai , Chen Hao , Mu Guan-zhang , Sun Hao-lin
Published: November 2021

Objective. To assess the effectiveness and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods. This was a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis statement standard. We identified relevant studies by searching multiple electronic databases, trial registries, and websites up to April 30, 2021, and examining reference lists. We selected RCTs that compared ESWT, in unimodal or multimodal therapeutic approaches, with sham ESWT or other active therapies. Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias and quality of the evidence. The main outcomes were pain intensity and disability status, examined as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The risk of bias was assessed by using Cochrane Back and Neck (CBN) Group risk of bias tool and Jadad score, and GRADE was applied to determine the confidence in effect estimates. Heterogeneity was explored using sensitivity analysis and meta‐regression. Results. Ten RCTs, including a total of 455 young to middle‐aged individuals (29.2–55.8 years), were identified. Compared with control, the ESWT group showed lower pain intensity at month 1 (SMD = −0.81, 95% CI −1.21 to −0.42), as well as lower disability score at month 1 (SMD = −1.45, 95% CI −2.68 to −0.22) and at month 3 (SMD = −0.69, 95% CI −1.08 to −0.31). No serious shockwave‐related adverse events were reported. Conclusion. The use of ESWT in CLBP patients results in significant and quantifiable reductions in pain and disability in the short term. However, further well‐conducted RCTs are necessary for building high‐quality evidence and promoting the application of ESWT in clinical practice.
The Effects of Implementing Clinical Supervision Model on Supervisors’ Teaching Perspectives and Qualifications: A Case Study in an EFL Context
Authors: Khaef Ehsan , Karimnia Amin
Published: November 2021

This study set out to determine the possible impacts of implementing the Clinical Supervision Model (CSM) on supervisors’ philosophy of teaching, in both theory and practice. In order to gather the required data, two highly experienced supervisors were recruited according to the degree of homogeneity of the educational context in which they were working. By applying qualitative case study design, the required data were collected by conducting two distinct phases of classroom observations, accompanied by semistructured interviews. Considering the nature of the investigation, it was decided to employ the Transcendental Phenomenology (TPh) approach to analyze the data in order to determine the supervisors’ accurate perceptions and lived experiences regarding the nature of taking on a supervisory role and the effects of implementing CSM on their teaching career. The empirical findings in this investigation provided a new understanding of the probable effects of implementing CSM on supervisors’ general attitudes towards both teaching and supervisory careers. The results of the study indicated that CSM can be potentially effective in encouraging critical thinking, providing more constructive feedback in postobservation meetings, and improving the teaching quality of both teachers and supervisors.
EPCT: An Efficient Privacy-Preserving and Collusion-Resisting Top-
k
Query Processing in WSNs
Authors: Zhou Qian , Dai Hua , Zhou Jianguo , Qi Rongqi , Yang Geng , Yi Xun
Published: November 2021

Data privacy threat arises during providing top-

k

query processing in the wireless sensor networks. This article presents an efficient privacy-preserving and collusion-resisting top-

k

(EPCT) query processing protocol. A minimized candidate encrypted dataset determination model is first designed, which is the foundation of EPCT. The model guides the idea of query processing and guarantees the correctness of the protocol. The symmetric encryption with different private key in each sensor is deployed to protect the privacy of sensory data even a few sensors in the networks have been colluding with adversaries. Based on the above model and security setting, two phases of interactions between the interested sensors and the sink are designed to implement the secure query processing protocol. The security analysis shows that the proposed protocol is capable of providing secure top-

k

queries in the manner of privacy protection and anticollusion, whereas the experimental result indicates that the protocol outperforms the existing works on communication overhead.
Prediction of Cavitation Evolution and Cavitation Erosion on Centrifugal Pump Blades by the DCM-RNG Method
Authors: Zhu Han , Qiu Ning , Wang Chuan , Si Qiaorui , Wu Jie , Deng Fanjie , Liu Xiang
Published: November 2021

Cavitation can reduce the efficiency and service life of the centrifugal pumps, and a long-term operation under cavitation conditions will cause cavitation damage on the surface of material. The external characteristic test of the IS65-50-174 single-stage centrifugal pump was carried out. Moreover, the cavitation mechanism under specific conditions was analyzed by numerical simulation. Considering the macroscopic cavitation flow structure in the centrifugal pump, three different cavitation erosion prediction methods were used to predict the erodible areas. The results show that the calculation results obtained by the density correction method (DCM) can well match the flow characteristics of the centrifugal pump under the rated conditions. When the centrifugal pump head drops by 3%, cavitation mainly occurs on the suction surface, and the cavity on the pressure surface is mainly concentrated near the front cover. The cavitation prediction method based on the time derivation of pressure change is not suitable for centrifugal pumps, while the prediction result of the erosive power method is more reasonable than the others. At time 0.493114 s, the maximum erosive power appears on the blade near the volute tongue, and its value is

1.46
e
−
04

 W.
Analysis of Lung Imaging Intelligent Diagnosis System for Nursing Intervention of Lung Cancer Patients’ Quality of Life
Authors: Guo Ruxia , Wang Hui
Published: November 2021

In order to explore the influence of intelligent imaging diagnosis systems on comprehensive nursing intervention for patients with late-stage lung cancer, the system uses ITK and VTK toolkit to realize image reading, display, image marking, and interactive functions. The optimal threshold method and regional connectivity algorithm were used to segment the lung region, and then, the cavity filling algorithm and repair algorithm were used to repair the lung region. A variable ring filter was used to detect suspected shadows in the lungs. Finally, the classifier proposed in this paper is used to classify benign and malignant. The system has good sensitivity by detecting the images of real patients. 100 patients with advanced lung cancer were randomly divided into control group and nursing intervention group 50 cases each. Patients in the control group received routine radiotherapy and chemotherapy and routine nursing intervention. Patients in the nursing intervention group were given comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of routine intervention in the control group for 2 consecutive months. Pittsburgh sleep quality index, pain degree, quality of life, and complications after intervention were compared between the 2 groups before and after intervention. The experimental results showed that the sleep quality, pain degree, quality of life, and complications in 2 groups were significantly improved after intervention (P<0.05), and the improvement degree in the nursing intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). It is proved that comprehensive nursing intervention has a good effect on improving sleep quality, relieving physical pain, improving the quality of life, and reducing complications of lung cancer patients and can effectively improve the quality of life of lung cancer patients.
Prevalence and Genetic Characteristics of Human Bocaviruses Detected in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections in Bulgaria
Authors: Korsun Neli , Angelova Svetla , Trifonova Ivelina , Voleva Silvia , Grigorova Iliana , Tzotcheva Iren , Mileva Sirma , Perenovska Penka
Published: November 2021

Нuman bocaviruses (hBoVs) are often associated with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Information on the distribution and molecular epidemiology of hBoVs in Bulgaria is currently limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of hBoVs detected in patients with ARIs in Bulgaria. From October 2016 to September 2019, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were prospectively collected from 1842 patients of all ages and tested for 12 common respiratory viruses using a real-time RT-PCR. Phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of the hBoV VP1/VP2 gene/protein were performed. HBoV was identified in 98 (5.3%) patients and was the 6th most prevalent virus after respiratory-syncytial virus (20.4%), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (11.1%), A(H3N2) (10.5%), rhinoviruses (9.9%), and adenoviruses (6.8%). Coinfections with other respiratory viruses were detected in 51% of the hBoV-positive patients. Significant differences in the prevalence of hBoVs were found during the different study periods and in patients of different age groups. The detection rate of hBoV was the highest in patients aged 0–4 years (6.9%). In this age group, hBoV was the only identified virus in 9.7%, 5.8%, and 1.1% of the children diagnosed with laryngotracheitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia, respectively. Among patients aged ≥5 years, hBoV was detected as a single agent in 2.2% of cases of pneumonia. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all Bulgarian hBoV strains belonged to the hBoV1 genotype. A few amino acid substitutions were identified compared to the St1 prototype strain. This first study amongst an all-age population in Bulgaria showed a significant rate of hBoV detection in some serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, year-to-year changes in the hBoV prevalence, and low genetic variability in the circulating strains.
An Overview of the Beneficial Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Nanoparticle‐Induced Toxicities
Authors: Mihailovic Vladimir , Katanic Stankovic Jelena S. , Selakovic Dragica , Rosic Gvozden
Published: November 2021

Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in many products and materials for humans such as electronics, in medicine for drug delivery, as biosensors, in biotechnology, and in agriculture, as ingredients in cosmetics and food supplements. Besides that, NPs may display potentially hazardous properties on human health and the environment as a consequence of their abundant use in life nowadays. Hence, there is increased interest of researchers to provide possible therapeutic agents or dietary supplements for the amelioration of NP‐induced toxicity. This review summarizes the new findings in the research of the use of antioxidants as supplements for the prevention and alleviation of harmful effects caused by exposure of organisms to NPs. Also, mechanisms involved in the formation of NP‐induced oxidative stress and protective mechanisms using different antioxidant substances have also been elaborated. This review also highlights the potential of naturally occurring antioxidants for the enhancement of the antioxidant defense systems in the prevention and mitigation of organism damage caused by NP‐induced oxidative stress. Based on the presented results of the most recent studies, it may be concluded that the role of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of nanoparticle‐induced toxicity is unimpeachable. This is particularly important in terms of oxidative stress suppression.
Pore Preservation and Failure Mechanism of Sinian Dengying Formation Carbonate Reservoirs: A Case Study of Two Ultradeep Wells in the Sichuan Basin, Western China
Authors: Li Zeqi , Sun Wei , Liu Shugen , Li Zhiwu , Deng Bin , Wu Juan , Ding Yi , Jiao Kun , Jin Xin , Lu Pengda , Tian Tengzhen
Published: November 2021

Despite being one of the most important factors in deep oil and gas exploration, the preservation mechanisms of ultradeep carbonate reservoirs remain poorly understood. This study performed thin-section, geochemistry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, fluid inclusion, and basin model analysis of samples from two boreholes over 8,000 m deep in the Sichuan Basin to determine the pore features and preservation mechanism of the Sinian (Ediacaran) Dengying Formation carbonate reservoirs. The reservoir of CS well #1 is characterised by pore diameters larger than a centimetre (average porosity 7.48%; permeability 0.8562 mD), and the pores are mainly filled with dolomite or bitumen. In contrast, the reservoir of MS well #1 is predominantly composed of micron-scale residual pores (average porosity 1.74%; permeability 0.0072 mD), and the pores are typically filled with dolomite, bitumen, and multistage quartz. The burial thermal histories suggest that both reservoirs were subjected to high pressure (i.e.,

pressure
 
coefficient
>
1.5

) before the Late Cretaceous. However, the pressure coefficient of the reservoir of MS well #1 has decreased to less than 1.0 owing to strong structural adjustment this well since the Late Cretaceous, which allowed other ore-forming fluids to enter and fill the pores, resulting in further compaction of the pores. In contrast, the pressure coefficient of CS well #1 is 1.1–1.2, which effectively prevented other ore-forming fluids from entering and filling the pores. The findings show that the dynamic adjustment of the Dengying Formation palaeo-gas reservoir indirectly affects the preservation or failure of the reservoir. The occurrence and geometry of bitumen in the Dengying reservoir exhibit good consistency with the pressure changes in both boreholes. In particular, bitumen with an annular shape and contraction joints in reservoir pores is widespread in CS well #1, which is attributed to the continuous preservation of palaeo-gas fields. Conversely, bitumen with a broken particle shape is located among the epigenetic minerals widespread in MS well #1, which is attributed to failure and depletion of the palaeo-gas fields.
Outcome and Immune Correlates of a Phase II Trial of High-Dose Interleukin-2 and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hannan Raquibul , Mohamad Osama , Diaz de Leon Alberto , Manna Subrata , Pop Laurentiu M. , Zhang Ze , Mannala Samantha , Christie Alana , Christley Scott , Monson Nancy , Ishihara Dan , Hsu Eric J. , Ahn Chul , Kapur Payal , Chen Mingyi , Arriaga Yull , Courtney Kevin , Cantarel Brandi , Wakeland Edward K. , Fu Yang-Xin , Pedrosa Ivan , Cowell Lindsay , Wang Tao , Margulis Vitaly , Choy Hak , Timmerman Robert D. , Brugarolas James
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

This phase II clinical trial evaluated whether the addition of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SAbR), which may promote tumor antigen presentation, improves the overall response rate (ORR) to high-dose IL2 (HD IL2) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Patients and Methods:

Patients with pathologic evidence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and radiographic evidence of metastasis were enrolled in this single-arm trial and were treated with SAbR, followed by HD IL2. ORR was assessed based on nonirradiated metastases. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), toxicity, and treatment-related tumor-specific immune response. Correlative studies involved whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing, T-cell receptor sequencing, cytokine analysis, and mass cytometry on patient samples.

Results:

Thirty ethnically diverse mRCC patients were enrolled. A median of two metastases were treated with SAbR. Among 25 patients evaluable by RECIST v1.1, ORR was 16% with 8% complete responses. Median OS was 37 months. Treatment-related adverse events (AE) included 22 grade ≥3 events that were not dissimilar from HD IL2 alone. There were no grade 5 AEs. A correlation was observed between SAbR to lung metastases and improved PFS (P = 0.0165). Clinical benefit correlated with frameshift mutational load, mast cell tumor infiltration, decreased circulating tumor-associated T-cell clones, and T-cell clonal expansion. Higher regulatory/CD8+ T-cell ratios at baseline in the tumor and periphery correlated with no clinical benefit.

Conclusions:

Adding SAbR did not improve the response rate to HD IL2 in patients with mRCC in this study. Tissue analyses suggest a possible correlation between frameshift mutation load as well as tumor immune infiltrates and clinical outcomes.
Abstract PO-005: Proteome profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African American and Latinx patients
Authors: Law Henry C. H. , Riner Andrea N. , Trevino Jose G. , Woods Nicholas T.
Published: November 2021

The clinical management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) faces difficult challenges due to its aggressive metastatic potential, complex microenvironment, and lack of targeted therapies. Health disparities also exacerbate these challenges. For instance, African and African Americans have higher incidence rates and worse clinical outcomes than Whites even when socioeconomic and tumor stages are controlled. To advance the understanding of the biological differences across the racial groups, the PDAC primary tumors collected from 30 Caucasian, 12 African American (AA) and 3 Latinx patients were analyzed by quantitative proteomics. In collaboration with the IDeA National Resource for Quantitative Proteomics, 5820 proteins were identified and quantified using data-independent acquisition (DIA) in the tumor proteome. Comparing the Latinx and the Caucasian tumor proteome, 120 and 95 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in the Latinx proteome. Proteins involved in the fatty acid metabolism, urea cycle, bile acid and bile salt metabolism were found enriched among the upregulated proteins. 108 and 75 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in African American tumor proteome over the Caucasians. The 108 upregulated proteins were submitted for Reactome Pathway Analysis. Pathways such as the complement cascade, extracellular matrix organization and ECM proteoglycans were found enriched. Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR) was one of the 108 upregulated proteins in the AA tumor proteome, which is also observed at the transcript level in the TCGA data. The HPR is known for its trypanolytic function and gene amplifications are observed in those of African descent. HPR works with haptoglobin (HP) to clear the free hemoglobin in blood to prevent oxidative damage. We believe that the proteins overexpressed, and the biological processes activated are contributing to the PDAC disparities observed in the African descendants. Therefore, the characterization of the PDAC proteome is a valuable method to delineate the underlying molecular signatures that may contribute to the health disparities.

Citation Format: Henry C. H. Law, Andrea N. Riner, Jose G. Trevino, Nicholas T. Woods. Proteome profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African American and Latinx patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2021 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-005.