bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application Case Based Reasoning Method In Diagnosing Oil Palm Plant Diseases At PT Rapala, Gebang Sub-District
Authors: Hafizah Husna  , Hotler Manurung  , Arnes Sembiring
Published: August 2022

In the last five years, the development of computers is very rapid. This can be seen from the number of computers owned by the community, with various sophistication and features and information systems that can spoil its users. One area of application that can be considered is the field of diagnosing oil palm plant diseases. Difficulties in diagnosing oil palm plant diseases at PT. RAPALA Kec. Gebang often occurs when you want to take preventive or curative action when an oil palm plant is attacked by a disease, because the old diagnostic system is due to limited experts so that the quality of operational performance is lacking. With the application of an expert system in diagnosing oil palm plant diseases, it is hoped that it will make it easier for field workers to diagnose oil palm plant diseases quickly without waiting for experts. This system is designed using PHP My Admin programming software and MySQL as database. The result of this study is the process of diagnosing diseases in oil palm plants using the Case Based Reasoning method where the design begins with entering symptom data, then the system calculates the diagnostic results according to the Case Based Reasoning method and displays it in the form of a report.
Language and Communication
Authors: Fauziah Nasution  , Elissa Evawani Tambunan
Published: August 2022

Language as a communication tool has an important role in human interaction. Language can be used by humans to convey their ideas, ideas, desires, feelings and experiences to others. Language is a form of embodiment of human civilization and culture, in the linguistic dictionary, language is an arbitrary sound symbol unit used by a member of society to work together, interact and identify themselves. The spoken language between one region and another is different which is called a dialect. In order to unite the language in the community from several regions, a national language is needed. In addition, in the process of communication, speech acts also occur. A communication process cannot be separated from speech acts or speech events. The importance of communication encourages people to be more creative in creating new media as a means to facilitate the communication process.
Implementation of Intra Uterine Device and Implant Family Planning in Batang Gadis Village Jae Sub-District Panyabungan Barat District Mandailing Natal
Authors: Helmi Wardah Nasution  , Ferika Desi  , Risma  , Samsidah  , Mariani Riska
Published: August 2022

Contraceptives are very useful in family planning programs, but it should be noted that not all contraceptives are suitable for everyone's condition. For this reason, each individual must be able to choose a contraceptive that is suitable for himself. Most family planning acceptors choose and pay for the various contraceptive methods available. Other factors that influence the choice of contraceptive type include partner factors (age, lifestyle, desired family size, experience with past contraceptive methods), health factors (health status, menstrual history, family history, physical examination, pelvic examination), factors contraceptive method (effectiveness, side effects, cost), education level, knowledge, family welfare, religion, and support from husband/wife. These factors will also affect the success of the family planning program. This is because each method or contraceptive chosen has different effectiveness. Therefore, the authors are interested in compiling a paper on Intra Uterine Device (IUD) and Implant contraception.
Loess soil distribution and properties in Mongolia
Authors: Batkhishig Ochirbat , Timireva Svetlana , Telmen Turmunkh , Kononov Yuri , Zolzaya Maamkhuu , Purevdorj Tserengunsen
Published: August 2022

Loess and loess-like soil formations are distributed in 3 regions across Mongolia. The lower part of the Orkhon and Selenge river basin in North Mongolia is the main loess area and another two are located in east Mongolia, in the Onon and Ulz river basins and the Khalka Gol river area. Loess-like soil covers a total of 109,000 sq.km or 6.95 per cent of the territory of the country. Loess soil properties have been studied on the basis of 8 sections and 83 samples. Fine sand fraction is predominant in the loess granulometric composition and its mean value is 51.3 per cent, and silt content mean value is about 34.9 per cent. A typical loess is a non-stony silt or fine sand, but there are also gravel loess. The average stone gravel content in the loess sediments is 8.1 per cent, sandy loess doesn’t contain any stone, but coarse fragment is high (20.5 per cent) in gravel loess. There is higher sand content (57.0 per cent) in gravel loess as compared to sandy loess (47.4 per cent). Mongolian loess soil average calcium carbonate content is 2.9 per cent, and Organic Matter (0.93 per cent) is higher than Chinese loess (0.41 per cent). Using 14C isotope data analysis and sediment properties we have tried to define the loess stratigraphy. Lower base section of fine sand silty loess sediments or about 1-3 meter thick layers were mostly formed during the mid-Holocene (7.5-3.0 ka) period. Upper parts of silty loess or 1.0-0.7 meter top layers were accumulated in the late Holocene (3ka BP to present) period. Kastanozem topsoil humus horizon (15-30 cm) formation starts at 1.5-1.0 ka BP. Mid-Holocene period probably witnessed the most active loess accumulation with a warm and dry windy condition prevailing. Sandy loess with a thickness of 1-2 meters predominate in Mongolia, and in some places loess thickness reaches up to 20-30 meters.
review of modern trends and historical stages of development of lake research in Mongolia
Authors: Enkhbold Altanbold , Khukhuudei Ulambadrakh , Doljin Dash
Published: August 2022

There is the need to divide Mongolia's lake research into trends of development stages and to provide a detailed analysis of modern lake research. The aim of this study is to identify the development stages of lake research in Mongolia and to analyse lake research development. This study provides a comparative analysis of the development trends of lake research carried out in the country. The historical development of lake research in Mongolia was divided into 4 stages in chronological order, highlighting the current research direction, scope, and contribution to geography. Since 1990, researchers from many countries have been able to conduct extensive research in Mongolia, and especially since the 2000s, lake research intensified owing to global warming and environmental change. Studies, in particular, focus on paleogeography, paleoclimate changes, lake water regimes and water level fluctuation. Mongolian lake-based studies have tended to identify environmental evolution from the Pleistocene to the Holocene. The investigated areas were primarily Khuvsgul Lake and Darkhad Basin, Lakes Valley and Gobi Lakes, the Great Lake Depression, Mongolian Altai and Khangai Mountain lakes. Since 1990, scientists from Russia, Mongolia, Germany, China, Japan, USA and South Korea have been increasingly focusing on research into lakes in Mongolia. Paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstruction, based on the lakes of Central Asia, is being conducted in an innovative manner. Dividing Mongolia's lake research into development stages and identifying research trends will help determine which areas of research can be developed in the future.
Legal Risks and Prevention Paths of Corporate Environmental Protection Compliance under the Carbon-Neutral Vision
Authors: Sun Heyuan
Published: August 2022

Enterprises’ self-environmental protection compliance is a positive strategy to deal with environmental risks. With the continuous implementation of the “dual carbon” goal (Carbon Peak by 2030 and Carbon Neutrality by 2060), corporate compliance is not only a moral and environmental protection obligation to undertake, but also an important legal issue involving the legal field. The risks and difficulties of corporate environmental protection compliance are increasing. Strengthening the construction of environmental protection compliance risk prevention mechanisms for Chinese enterprises is the key to Chinese enterprises’ identification, prevention and remediation of environmental protection compliance risks. The existing suggestions on enterprise compliance risk prevention are mostly at the theoretical level. There are many legal dilemmas, such as the lack of subject compliance and environmental protection risk management, the legal problems between compliance reform theory and practical operation, and the omissions in the construction of unified and systematic rule of law prevention. In view of this, based on the background of carbon neutrality, we should establish a carbon-neutral environmental protection concept, strengthen ecological monitoring, provide law-abiding incentives to reduce compliance costs, establish a legal mechanism for compliance and environmental protection, and incentivize enterprises to operate in a multi-dimensional manner. Propose the operating rules for corporate compliance and environmental protection risk management and the legal path for risk prevention.
The Impact of Private Sector Participation in the Operations of Nigerian Ports Authority within the Context of Nigeria’s PPP Legal Framework
Authors: Sani Faruk
Published: August 2022

The Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) has always prided itself as the gateway to Nigeria’s economy. Conscious of its role to the national economy, it has over the years embarked on system reforms that progressively saw to private sector investments in its terminals, equipment and services. It utilized management contracts, joint venture partnerships, concession arrangements and amortization programmes, among diverse private sector participation models, for a more effective and efficient port operations. The glaring hypothesis is that in spite of these efforts, cargo handling has remained outrageously expensive with its corresponding spiral effect on the cost of goods to ultimate consumers. The fundamental issue, which this paper seeks to identify, is the impact or otherwise of the port reforms to the immediate and remote port’s stakeholders. Using the doctrinal method of research, the paper utilized primary and secondary sources that includes information from journals, conference papers, newspaper articles and internet searches to trace the evolution of port reforms, identify the different methods of private sector investment in ports infrastructure and services, and consider the impact of the reforms to the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the port system. The paper found that the impact of the port reform was a mixed bag as the cost of cargo handling is outrageously expensive to make cost of goods unaffordable to ultimate consumers. It therefore recommended that PPP risk assessments and analyses should be more comprehensive to include transport value chain and macroeconomic forecasts; the legal framework should be amended to accommodate more innovative PPP models; the institutional framework should have the capacity to insulate transactions from political interference and official corruption; and that Federal agencies operating in the ports should be streamlined while critical ports activities should be automated to a single window so as to reduce human interventions. These recommendations, if implemented, could achieve the national aspiration of creating a preferred maritime hub in Nigeria’s ports.
Defamation and Social Media: The Parcel that Keeps on Being Passed
Authors: Ray Rohit
Published: August 2022

Reputation is an aspect of human existence that is given great importance and value. People spend their lives tirelessly striving to build a reputation that can do their perseverance justice and give their legacy strength. It only takes one moment, one comment, or one person to destroy it all. This becomes especially troublesome and unjust when the words being used to attack one’s reputation are false and malicious. In legal parlance, this phenomenon is called defamation and is a popular topic of study in both civil and criminal law. When we place the already menacing nature of defamation in today’s world, it becomes clear how the internet makes it exceedingly easy for it to occur, by virtue of the scope and swiftness of the digital realm. This transcendence of defamation from the physical world to the virtual one also raises many legal questions regarding the specific nature and evolution of the phenomenon, the present laws surrounding the issue and any possible adaptation it might have to undertake, to cope with modern developments. Hence, in its attempt to truly understand defamation in today’s digital world, this paper will, rather than studying the tort of defamation as a legal principle, look at how defamation takes place in an online context, specifically in relation to social media and networking platforms. It will shed light on the hazards associated with this form of defamation, and how these dangers are even more potent now than ever before. Lastly, but importantly, this paper will investigate the laws that govern cyber defamation and delve into the ever-important question that arises when investigating the issue: “who is liable?”
Punishment For Rape
Authors: Nigam Gaurika
Published: August 2022

The odds of being attacked by a shark is 1 in 4 Million, the odds of women being raped? 1 in 6 and the fear of sharks is considered normal but what do we expect from women, to fear men at all places be it their workplace, worship area, police station or even their own homes. Women tend to fear men, they are put in uncomfortable situations at every point where the male considers it to be their right to objectify women as objects meant just to satisfy their lust.
A Critical Analysis of State-Imposed Health Emergencies and Violations of Civil Liberties during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Vikas
Published: August 2022

Our future generations will ever remember the year 2020 for the human tragedy caused by the covid-19 pandemic, which was the worst in human history. That year saw the emergence of the coronavirus disease covid-19, which initially appeared in 2019 in the Chinese region of Wuhan and eventually spread around the world. It compelled states around the world to impose history’s most devastating health emergency, in which people were forced to live in their homes for years without food or consumables, and all human rights constitutionally guaranteed to them were suspended for years. It also saw the total collapse of the medical system and the collapse of the government machinery. If someone in the family was found to be infected, he was removed away from his family and admitted to isolation wards in hospitals where no relatives were allowed to see the patients. It has also been reported in the press that many patients died in isolation because they were not even visited and cared for by medical staff, and in some cases, patients perished simply due to a lack of vital supplies such as food, water, and medicines. Countless deaths were reported all across the world, and many were seen crying and sinking on their knees after learning that one of their relatives had died as a result of the covid-19 sickness. The author through this article intends to understand the role played by the state in such emergent situations by investigating whether the state reacted as per the law of the nations or acted in defiance of it and did anything it ever wanted to seize power as an authoritarian.
Adequacy of Legal and Policy Measures taken to Realise Older Persons’ Right to Healthcare in Tanzania
Authors: Mbuya Alphonce
Published: August 2022

Global and regional human rights treaties require state parties, including Tanzania, to take constitutional, legislative, policy and other measures to give effect to the rights guaranteed in the treaties. This article seeks to answer the question of whether Tanzania has taken adequate constitutional, legislative, and policy measures toward realising older persons’ right to healthcare. Tanzania’s international human rights obligations to realise older persons’ right to healthcare stem from international and regional human rights treaties which include the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. It is observed that, although Tanzania has recognised the need to ensure access to healthcare services by older persons, implementation of such policies remains a challenge as older persons continue to experience many challenges in accessing healthcare services. Moreover, the lack of constitutional protection of older persons’ rights and the right to healthcare and the absence of specific legislation on older persons render the legal framework on older persons’ right to healthcare extremely inadequate.
Alokasi Dana Desa Tolongano Kecamatan Banawa Selatan Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Fitriani Abdullah  , Ihlal Langunja
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine and describe the Implementation of the Village Fund Allocation Policy of Helpano Village, South Banawa District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The usefulness of this research is Theoretical and Practical. The Literature Review explains the concept of Administration, Public Administration, Public Policy, Policy Implementation and Village Fund Allocation. The flow of thought by the theory of Van Meter and Van Horn which includes the Standards and Objectives, Resources, Characteristics or Nature of the Implementing Agency, Inter-Organizational Communication, Implementor Disposition and the Socio-Economic and critical Environment. Research with qualitative methods, research location in the village of Helpano, South Banawa sub-district, research time for three months, informants are elements related to the allocation of village funds, namely 5 (five) people The definition of the concept is related to the implementation model of the policy. Types of qualitative data, and data sources are secondary data and primary data. The discussion explains the results of interviews and the results of analysis and theory in gambling. The researcher concludes that its implementation in the field of implementing the function has not fully gone well, Lack of understanding of the community about the Village Fund Allocation program so that there is a need for socialization and transparency of the use of Village Fund Allocation funds from the village government then accountability for the use of Village Fund Allocation by village financial managers. Accountability for the use of Village Fund Allocations is a form of consequence for the use of public funds entrusted to the village government.
Przemoc domowa wobec kobiet na przykładzie miasta Ostrołęka
Authors: Bacławska Edyta
Published: August 2022

Według Pełnomocnika Rządu ds. Równego Statusu Kobiet i Mężczyzn przemoc wobec kobiet jest przejawem historycznej nierówności sił w stosunkach pomiędzy kobietami a mężczyznami, która doprowadziła do zdominowania i dyskryminacji kobiet przez mężczyzn oraz stanowi barierę dla pełnego awansu kobiet.
To właśnie kobiety bardzo często stają się ofiarami przemocy domowej. Jest to zjawisko dość popularne, czego nie należy negować. Szacuje się, że w krajach Europy przemoc domowa mieści się w przedziale od 20% do 50% przypadków i przejawia się ona najczęstszym wskaźnikiem śmiertelności w kategorii wiekowej 15–44 lata1. W 2004 roku przeprowadzono w Polsce badania, z których wynika, że co trzecia kobieta ukończywszy 16 rok życia doznała przemocy fizycznej; szacuje się, że co szósta przemocy seksualnej, a 18% badanych kobiet doznało przemocy fizycznej lub seksualnej w dzieciństwie. Odnotowano, że spośród badanych kobiet żadnej formy przemocy nie doznało 59%, natomiast co szósta kobieta, będąc dorosłą, doznała przemocy ze strony partnera. Przemoc wobec kobiet stanowi bardzo ważny problem, dyskryminuje kobiety i narusza prawa człowieka i podstawowe wolności (na przykład prawo do życia i zdrowia).
PRODUCTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY YEASTS IN BIOREFINERIES: ECOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL OUTLOOKS
Authors: GIEHL Anderson , SCAPINI Thamarys , TREICHEL Helen , ALVES JR. Sérgio L
Published: August 2022

Among the seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, at least ten rely on better usage and valuation of wastes since this attitude leads to economic and sustainable development, water-food-energy security, and environmental protection. Considering the worldwide amount of daily produced agroindustrial residues and the employment of enzymes and/or microbial cells in transformation processes, biorefineries represent a growing economic sector with high potential to meet Agenda 2030's SGDs. Indeed, by employing lignocellulosic materials as feedstocks and microorganisms as catalysts, second-generation (2G) biorefineries stand out as a productive environment able to provide several high-added value compounds. This is the case for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including ethanol, produced by yeasts from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. This chapter reviews the ecological yeast-insect-angiosperm relationship that is the reason behind most of the VOCs generated in natural environments. From then on, the chapter advances to biotechnological and sustainable traits of using lignocellulosic wastes in yeast fermentation processes aiming to produce these high-added value compounds.
ANALISIS ISLAMICITY PERFORMANCE INDEX PADA BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Wina Putri Ramadhanayanti  , Supiningtyas Purwaningrum  , Ary Natalina
Published: August 2022

Perkembangan Bank Syariah di Indonesia mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Bank Syariah juga berperan penting sebagai penggerak lembaga keuangan ekonomi Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kinerja PT Bank BRI Syariah Tbk. berdasarkan metode Islamicity Performance Index periode 2015 - 2020. Data yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan tahunan PT Bank BRI Syariah Tbk. Periode 2015-2020, dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif., dengan analisis Islamicity Performance Index yang terdiri dari  5 rasio, yaitu Profit Sharing Ratio, Zakat Performance Ratio, Equitable Distribution Ratio, Islamic Investment vs Non Islamic Investment, dan Islamic Income vs Non Islamic Income. Hasil perhitungan ke 5 rasio  menunjukkan bahwa kinerja PT Bank BRI Syariah Tbk. Periode 2015 - 2020 cukup baik. Dari 5 rasio yang digunakan terdapat 3 rasio sudah mencapai standar yang telah ditentukan  yaitu  Profit Sharing Ratio, Islamic Investment vs non Islamic Investment, dan Islamic Income Vs Non-Islamic Income.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Pariwisata Di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Japri Muhamad , Aisyah Sitti , Trisnomurti Ria , Solikin
Published: August 2022

Tourism is a service trade industry that has a complex regulatory mechanism because it includes the arrangement of the movement of tourists from their home country to return to their home countries.  To be able to achieve the success of tourism development, cross-sectoral support programs are required which is a program that is expected to be carried out by various agencies / other institutions that will help determine the success of cultural development and tourism. This study aims to (a) know and review the implementation of tourism development policy in East Kalimantan Province and (b) know and review the readiness of government officials in implementing the program. Research methods in the form of empirical legal research using primary and secondary data support and utilizing persuasive approaches in the form of interviews. The results show that the implementation of tourism development policy favors nature conservation and the strategies used in attracting tourists to East Kalimantan. Obstacles often faced by the East Kalimantan Provincial Government in implementing tourism development policies include the lack of seriousness of local and municipal governments to support the work programs of the Tourism Office.
Compendio en Cirugía General Tomo 2
Authors: García Alvear Diego Armando , Villarroel Párraga Evelyn Janeth , Rojas Villalba Luis Bryan , Suárez Lescano Pedro Manuel , Moscoso Vega Edison Danilo , Lascano Arias Christian Andrés , Vaca Cárdenas Bibiana Verónica , Quinancela Jara Danny Roberto , Tejedor Astudillo Carlos Alexis , Jaramillo Rojas Camila Teresa , Aguilar Narváez Verónica Alexandra , Suárez Lescano Héctor Bienvenido , Cabrera Erazo María Caridad , Villacrés Peñafiel Luis David , Huilca García Tatiana Elizabeth , Carchi Ramón Carlos Fernando , Arias Espinoza Jhan Marcos , Montalvan Cordero Michelle Karolina
Published: August 2022

La presente obra recopila las principales técnicas quirúrgicas que todo médico en formación suele observar en el primer nivel de atención. Se incluyen técnicas modernas y aplicaciones de casos clínicos que ofrecen una mayor claridad a la hora de entender la teoría de esta noble especialidad.
Tratado de Cirugía General
Authors: De La Guerra Castillo Geovanny , Cabrera Castillo Byron Xavier , Ayala Bisbicuth Carmen Amelia , Lara Arriaga Silvia Maria , Sánchez Medranda Jefferson Andrés , Aguilar Aguilar Madelaine Carolina , Velez Macias José Manuel , Choto Tenesaca Cesar , Arévalo Rodriguez Dalton Arturo , Fabara Salvador Franklin Santiago , Arévalo Rodríguez Miguel Antonio , Sigcho Cueva José Carlos
Published: August 2022

El presente texto está dirigido tanto a estudiantes de medicina como a médicos generales, el lector encontrará los fundamentos sobre Cirugía General. De manera que la obra sirve como guía importante y práctica, que todo profesional de la salud enfocado en la cirugía debe tener en su biblioteca.
ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: IS THERE ANY LINK?
Authors: ABUR CYPRIAN CLEMENT , ANGAHAR JACOB SESUGH , TERANDE TORRUAM JAPHETH
Published: August 2022

This study examined the relationship between electricity generation and economic growth in Nigeria during the period 1986-2019 and employed the co-integration test, autoregressive distributed lag analysis and Granger causality test techniques. The cointegration test result revealed that there was a long-run relationship between our variable of interest. The study found that electricity is an important factor in economic growth in Nigeria. The result is thus an indication that electricity consumption enhances economic growth enormously. Furthermore, the result from the causality test shows that there is a bi-directional causal relationship between total electricity consumption and economic growth in the long run. The study recommends that the policymaker need to improve the power sector to harness the potential of electricity in growing the economy.
DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN GELS AND TUBES OF TOOTHPASTE COMMONLY USED IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: VALENTINE OSI , OZIOMA EKPETE A.
Published: August 2022

The study was carried out to determine the concentrations of metals in the gels and tubes of five toothpaste commonly used in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals analyzed were Fe, Pb, Cu. Cr. Zn, Ni and Cd. The results obtained for the gels showed that Pb and Cu concentrations for all toothpastes were within the WHO permissible limits. The following metals were above the permissible limits in the analyzed T2 gel, Fe (7.06±0.12mg/l), Ni (0.08±0.02mg/l) and Cd (0.13 ±0.1mg/l). A high concentration of Zn (3.93±0.89mg/l) and Ni (0.08±0.02mg/l) were obtained in the T1 gel and for Cr (1.89±0.50mg/l) in T1 tube respectively. The concentration of Ni in T3 gel (0.04±0.0.01mg/l), tube (0.03±0.01mg/l) and T5 gel (0.07±0.02mg/l) is also above the permissible limit. ANOVA was used to determine the relationship in means between the gels and the tubes of the various toothpaste used and it was observed that to a large extent, the concentration of metals in the gel was dependent on the concentration of the metals in the tube. The study showed that the various toothpaste were of low toxicity and poses no threat to the consumers.
STATUS OF FOOD HANDLING PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG WORKERS IN PUBLIC FOOD CATERING ESTABLISHMENT, ETHIOPIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: KETEMA SISAY , ALI MANSOOR , KALHORO AKHTIAR AHMED , MUNIR SHAHZAD , ASLAM MUHAMMAD ZAHID , KHAN KAMRAN , NOOR RAMZAN AHMED , AHSAN FARIHA , AMIN BAHRUL , ALI HAMID , ULLAH IKRAM
Published: August 2022

Background: Foodborne disease is one of the most frequent and life-threatening diseases on the planet. The aim of this study is to determine food handling practice and factors associated with good food handling status among food handlers in public food catering establishments, in Ethiopia.

Methods: One hundred and fifty studies were gathered using key terms in a search web page, and finally, twelve studies were included with considering a pre-structured inquiry that addressed the desired outcome and then grouped in a table and figure.

Results: This systematic review finding revealed that the mean good food handling practice in public food catering establishments in Ethiopia is low. The predicted factors for  good food handling practices were included as educational status, experience, training, regular medical checkups, knowledge of the foodborne disease, absence of adequate supervision, lack of clean water, and maintain good hygiene in the workplace played a significant role to keep good food handling practice in Ethiopia.

Conclusion: It is suggested that food catering establishments are the main source of food-borne disease. Therefore, massive food catering establishment owners and food inspection authority should give better emphasis with designing necessary strategies to improve food hygiene and safety concerns in the countries.
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF COFFEE IN MEXICO: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
Authors: SERRET-CRUZ BELEM IDALIA
Published: August 2022

The “Type of Article” of this paper is “Letter to the Editor”. This paper discuses about: “SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF COFFEE IN MEXICO: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS”. No formal abstract is available. Readers are requested to read the full article.
EFFECT OF SOLVENTS ON PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING BY GC-Ms ANALYSIS AND In vitro CYTOTOXICITY OF BEE PROPOLIS AGAINST LEUKEMIA AND LUNG CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: SAHOO RAJALAXMI , SIVARAM V. , ANUSHA M.
Published: August 2022

Propolis is well-known for its favourable biological properties, which are widely employed in the treatment of a variety of disorders. It is high in chemical components that are dependent on the sort of plant that bees may access. The chemical makeup of an Indian Propolis sample was investigated using GCMS, and 22 chemicals were discovered. The MTT assay was used to test the ethanol extract of Propolis against leukaemia and lung cancer cell lines in vitro. The propolis extract was incubated with cancer cell lines for 24 hours, cytotoxicity was assessed using a colorimetric method, and the IC50 value was obtained. The findings showed that the propolis extract tested had substantial cytotoxic action. The conclusion is that Indian Propolis has potential. The Indian Propolis was shown to be a possible natural source of chemopreventive agent. The chemical makeup of Indian Propolis suggests that it could be a viable source of novel bioactive chemicals, but the molecules responsible for biological activity must be identified.
Psycho-pedagogical assistance to students with disabilities in conditions of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Furdui Emilia
Published: August 2022

In this article, we will report the socio-emotional problems of students with disabilities, which impede the optimal development of the educational process in the crisis situation caused by the pandemic with Covid-19, which is transited by a whole world. The evolution of the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 infection has led to the suspension of the educational process in general and special education institutions in the country. In this context, we will focus on the remote organization of psychological care for children / students with disabilities, parents, teachers. The purpose of psychological assistance in the context of suspending the educational process is both to ensure psychoeducation, emotional stability of beneficiaries and to manage behavior and psychological mechanisms to get out of the crisis.
Strategies for developing communication skills in children with intellectual disabilities through the dynamic games
Authors: Cebotaru Nina , Racu Serghei
Published: August 2022

Young school-age for children with intellectual disabilities is rightly considered a period of major importance in the process of human personality formation. National and international experts in the field demonstrate, with theoretical and empirical arguments, that, at this age, the child's various abilities are intensely developed, character traits are formed, the foundations of health are laid, taking place an upward evolution of the physical abilities so necessary for the effective involvement of the person in various forms of motor activity. In this context, starting from the socio- economic particularities of the modern society, namely the physical education has the mission to ensure the practical realization of the right of every child to an unhindered, multilateral, full and continuous development.
The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on special education
Authors: Sava (Sandu) Gabriela
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected children's education in all respects. After the closure of schools and the transition to online education, social differences and shortcomings in the education system highlighted several problems, including lack of teaching materials adapted for students with special educational needs, lack of digital infrastructure, lack of support teachers, inability to adapt to online school for children diagnosed with ADHD, epilepsy, autism. However, teachers, support teachers, parents and students sought and found solutions to meet the challenges, managing to lessen the impact of these completely new and unexpected situations.
Subjektive Einschätzungen der prozeduralen Fairness der Polizei und Jugenddelinquenz: Eine empirische Überprüfung der transnationalen Gültigkeit der Theorie der prozeduralen Gerechtigkeit
Authors: Farren Diego , Wetzels Peter
Published: August 2022

Die Theorie der prozeduralen Gerechtigkeit nimmt an, dass die Art und Weise, wie Repräsentanten des Strafrechtssystems ihre Kontakte mit Bürger*innen gestalten, erheblichen Einfluss auf deren Bereitschaft zur Normkonformität hat. Dazu vorliegende empirische Forschung in Kriminologie und Rechtspsychologie hat die Gültigkeit dieser Annahmen und die Effekte der Wahrnehmung des Handelns der Polizei vor allem in Bezug auf Erwachsene untersucht und überwiegend bestätigen können. Für Jugendliche liegen deutlich weniger Studien vor. Diese stammen zudem fast ausschließlich aus englischsprachigen Ländern. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt auf der Grundlage von Daten aus repräsentativen Schüler*innenbefragungen, die im Rahmen des ISRD-3 durchgeführt wurden und n= 27 764 Jugendliche in 26 Ländern erreichten, dass die Annahmen der Theorie der prozeduralen Gerechtigkeit auch für Jugendliche und transnational in fast allen untersuchten Ländern bestätigt werden können. Je höher die Einschätzung der Praxis der Polizei als fair seitens Jugendlicher ausfällt, desto höher ist auch ihre Bewertung der Legitimität der Polizei und desto geringer ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit delinquenten Verhaltens. Differenzen des Umfangs der selbstberichteten Delinquenz Jugendlicher zwischen Ländern sind insoweit in signifikantem Maße auch auf Unterschiede der Fairnesseinschätzungen und der Wahrnehmung der Legitimität der Polizei seitens der Jugendlichen zwischen diesen Ländern zurückzuführen. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf die hohe kriminalpräventive Bedeutung der Sicherstellung prozeduraler Fairness des Handelns der Polizei in Interaktion mit Jugendlichen, was praktische Folgerungen u.a. mit Blick auf die Ausbildung von Polizeibeamten nahelegt.
Systematization of initiatives in sexual and reproductive health about good practices criteria in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in primary health care in Chile
Authors: Ortiz Contreras Jovita , Quiroz Carreño Jael María , Neira Contreras Rodrigo , Díaz Navarrete Marcela , Elgueta Patricia , Lucero Janira , López Pamela , Herrera Burott Juan
Published: August 2022

Introduction The COVID- 19 pandemic discontinued sexual and reproductive health care in Chile and the world. The national focus on hospital care led primary care teams to respond in natural and diverse ways. Understanding the factors involved in this process may improve future responses from the judgment of good practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and systematize sexual and reproductive health initiatives raised by primary care teams in response to the COVID- 19 pandemic in Chile. Methods We systematically evaluated initiatives and practices in sexual and reproductive health in prima-ry care between June 2020 and November 2021. This study was developed in three methodological phases: a review of documents, a collection of experiences through an electronic instrument sent to the 29 health services in Chile, and in-depth interviews. According to best practice criteria, mapping and characterizing the initiatives and critical discourse analysis of narratives and interviews were carried out. Results Forty-one initiatives from 19 health services were identified, mainly from the South Central macro zone and urban areas. In these areas, care was recognized. These practices were relevant, aligned with their objectives, rapidly implemented, and used novel strategies through new technologies. However, these initiatives had little intercultural relevance or evaluation. Perceived success was related to motivation, leadership, and institutional and community resilience. The adaptability of initiatives emerged as a new need and criterion of analysis. Conclusion The lessons learned from these initiatives invite us to consider health care teams' mental health, their relationship with the community, the use of new technologies, the evaluation of practices considering satisfaction, cross- cutting approaches, and their adaptability. In all, these aspects may improve primary care response in sexual and reproductive health to new crises.
Clinical, psychological, social, and family characterization of suicidal behavior in Chilean adolescents: a multiple correspondence analysis
Authors: Méndez-Bustos Pablo , Fuster-Villaseca Jaime , Tapia Alejandra , Lopez-Castroman Jorge
Published: August 2022

Introduction Suicide is the second leading cause of premature death in people between 15 and 29 years old and the third in young people between 15 and 19 years old. Adolescence is a critical period concerning mental health disorders since there is greater vulnerability to suicidal behaviors. The situation in Latin America is worrying, with Chile being one of the two countries where suicide rates of children and adolescents increase yearly. This study aims to analyze clinical, psychological, family, and social risk factors associated with suicidal behavior in a clinical sample of adolescents treated in the public health system of the Maule region. Methods The study design is cross- sectional. We used a sample of 388 adolescents between 10 and 21 years old admitted to the health system of the Maule Region. The participants were evaluated by applying five measuring instruments (The Barrat Impulsivity Scale, The Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, The General Help-Seeking Questionnaire for mental health problems in adolescents, and The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) in addition to collecting social and family information and relevant clinical history from the medical records. Results The analysis allowed us to identify distinctive characteristics of adolescent suicidal behavior by describing clinical, psychological, and family social factors. Conclusions Adolescents with a history of suicide attempts are characterized by having suicidal ideation, anxious-depressive symptoms, stress, insomnia, and impulsiveness. Likewise, they report being non-religious, belonging to sexual minorities, and victims of sexual harassment and/or abuse.
A Focus on Special Populations in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Steinbach, DNP, APRN Mary , Colson, RN, BSN, BS Kathleen , Faiman, PhD, MSN, APRN-BC, AOCN, BMTCN, FAAN Beth
Published: August 2022

The overall care of patients with multiple myeloma can present similar challenges. However, disparities in health care require that providers consider each individual’s unique circumstances. Disparities based on ethnic/racial group, religion, socioeconomic status, age, sexual orientation or gender identity, or other characteristics can lead to patients receiving less than optimal care and therefore poorer outcomes. Patients who have received more than two lines of therapy can acquire new genetic changes, accelerated cadence of relapse, and suffer from disease sequelae such as pain from prior or ongoing skeletal fractures, recurrent infections, and progressive decline in organ function. Numerous treatment options remain for patients in their first three relapses. Well-designed clinical trials with newer drugs are preferred. Clinicians should discuss clinical trial options and availability with all patients in spite of disparities that may exist. Patients facing disparities are at risk for suboptimal care and should be closely monitored and provided appropriate resources. Continued attention to disease and organ surveillance are critical throughout the course of the disease.
The Current Landscape for METex14 Skipping Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Desai, PharmD Alisha , Cuellar, PharmD, BCOP, FHOPA, FASHP Sandra
Published: August 2022

Capmatinib and tepotinib received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 (METex14) skipping alteration in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Capmatinib was FDA approved in May 2020 under accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have a mutation that leads to METex14 skipping. Accelerated approval was based on overall response rate and response duration to capmatinib, and it was granted orphan drug and breakthrough therapy designation. Capmatinib is a potent selective kinase inhibitor of the MET receptor, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and has shown low-grade adverse events. Based on phase II data, capmatinib demonstrated an overall response rate (ORR) of 41% and a median duration of response (DOR) of 9.7 months in those who previously received one or two lines of therapy. In treatment-naive patients, capmatinib demonstrated a 68% ORR with a median DOR of 12.6 months. The FDA also granted accelerated approval to tepotinib for adult patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring METex14 skipping alteration. Accelerated approval for tepotinib was based on an ORR of 43% with a median DOR of 10.8 months in treatment-naive patients. Among previously treated patients, the ORR was 43% with a median DOR of 11.1 months. Continued approval for capmatinib and tepotinib is contingent upon confirmatory trials. Both agents are now considered first-line therapy or a subsequent therapy option in patients with metastatic NSCLC who are positive for METex14 skipping alterations.
INICIACIÓN Y DISCIPULADO EN LA DOCTRINA DE IBN ‘ARABĪ: EL KITĀB NASAB AL-JIRQA
Authors: Bize Gustavo
Published: August 2022

Resumen: En este artículo presentamos la traducción comentada del Kitāb nasab al-jirqa, “Tratado sobre la genealogía del manto iniciático”, un opúsculo breve de Ibn ‘Arabī y que se sitúa cronológicamente, según todos los indicios, en la última parte de su vida. Esta pequeña obra de madurez destaca por el tratamiento específico de temas esenciales en el sufismo: el ‘atuendo’ divino del hombre que se ‘reviste’ con Sus Más Bellos Nombres (o sea: el esencial ‘teomorfismo’ humano); la investidura iniciática y suscondiciones internas y externas, se ocupa de la importancia de la ṣuḥba, la confraternidad con el maestro, las reglas para el discipulado y para merecer la investidura (el maestro debe revestirse, primerarmente, a sí mismo con la perfección del estado al que el discípulo o murīd puede acceder), etc. Y sobre todo nos brinda, además, una reseña pormenorizada de las cadenas de transmisión o silsilas a las que se reconoce afiliado el gran espiritual murciano.
Este tratadito además no se caracteriza por esas afirmaciones sorprendentes, paradojales y desestructurantes -tan características en la producción akbarí-, sino todo lo contrario: se inscribe, en lo ético al menos, en la línea más tradicional del taṣawwuf y la moral islámica.
Abstract: This article presents the annotated translation of the Kitāb nasab al-jirqa, "Treatise on the genealogy of the iniciatic mantle", a short text by Ibn 'Arabī, which is chronologically situated, according to all indications, in the last part of his life. This small work of maturity is remarkable for its specific treatment of essential themes in Sufism: the divine 'dressing' of man who is dressed with His Most Beautiful Names (i.e., the essential 'theomorphism'): The essential human 'theomorphism'); the initiatic investiture and its internal and external conditions, the importance of the ṣuḥba, the companionship with the master, the rules for discipleship and for meriting the investiture (the master must first clothe himself with the perfection of the state to which the disciple or murīd can attain), etc. And above all, it also provides us with a detailed review of the chains of transmission or silsilas to which the great spiritual from Murcia is recognised to be affiliated.
This little treatise is not characterised by those surprising, paradoxical and de-structuring statements - so characteristic of akbarî production - but quite the contrary: it is inscribed, in ethical terms at least, in the most traditional sense of the taṣawwuf and Islamic morality.
DEVELACIÓN (KAŠF) Y DESPRENDIMIENTO (TAǦRĪD): LA FUNCIÓN EDUCATIVA DEL MAESTRO (ŠAYḪ) EN EL PROCESO DE REALIZACIÓN ESPIRITUAL SUFÍ
Authors: Vandamme Gregory
Published: August 2022

Resumen: Este artículo propone redefinir la noción sufí del maestro espiritual (šayḫ) en elcontexto moderno contemporáneo, considerándolo como un “dispositivo” más que comoun individuo. Esta perspectiva nos permite situar en el centro de la realidad del maestrolos objetivos de develación (kašf) y desprendimiento (taǧrīd) que son centrales en el camino espiritual sufí. Por lo tanto, es particularmente relevante redefinir la función educativa delmaestro en la diversidad de las configuraciones contemporáneas, reformulando los propósitosde su función y los principales desafíos de la educación espiritual de forma adaptable a todaslas situaciones particulares.

Abstract: This article proposes to redefine the Sufi notion of the spiritual master (šayḫ) in the contemporary modern context, considering him as a "device" rather than an individual. This perspective allows us to place at the center of the master's reality the goals of unveiling (kašf) detachment (taǧrīd) that are central to the Sufi spiritual path. It is therefore particularly relevant to redefine the educational role of the master in the diversity of contemporary configurations, redefining the purposes of their role and the main challenges of spiritual education in a way that is adaptable to all particular situations.