bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSPEKTIF TEORI SISTEM HUKUM DALAM PEMBAHARUAN PENGATURAN SISTEM PEMASYARAKATAN MILITER
Authors: Hutomo Priyo , Soge Markus Marselinus
Published: June 2023

Instrumen hukum pengaturan pembinaan narapidana militer di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Militer saat ini masih berdasarkan peraturan masa kolonial dan setelah kemerdekaan, yang tidak sesuai dengan penyelenggaraan sistem pemasyarakatan nasional. Permasalahan disini adalah bagaimana perspektif Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman dalam melakukan pembaharuan pengaturan Sistem Pemasyarakatan Militer. Metode penelitian hukum normatif digunakan dalam tulisan ini untuk meneliti hukum dalam kedudukannya sebagai norma, menggunakan data sekunder yaitu bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Data dikumpulkan dengan studi kepustakaan, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif analisis isi. Hasil penelitian yaitu perspektif Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman digunakan untuk melakukan pembaharuan pengaturan Sistem Pemasyarakatan Militer meliputi pembaharuan pada aspek struktur berupa penguatan kelembagaan Pemasyarakatan Militer, aspek substansi berupa penyusunan Rancangan Undang-Undang Pemasyarakatan Milier, dan aspek budaya berupa bimbingan kesadaran hukum dan reintegrasi sosial prajurit untuk kembali menjadi prajurit yang berjati diri TNI. Disaran agar dapat segera dilakukan pembaharuan terhadap instrumen hukum pengaturan Sistem Pemasyarakatan Militer menggunakan perspektif Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman.
KETIDAKPATUHAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PUTUSAN PENGADILAN SEBAGAI IMPLIKASI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 24/PUU-XV/2017
Authors: Mahardika Ahmad Gelora , Anifah Mizza Faridatul
Published: June 2023

The verdict of the Constitutional Court Number 24 / PUU-XV / 2017 which rejects the petition for judicial review Article 33 of Law Number 2 Year 2011 on Amendments to Law Number 2 of 2008 on Political Parties presents problems in the Indonesian constitutional system. The Constitutional Court as a constitution escort institution is seen as justifying the actions of the government that interpret the norms in this law subjectively. The ambiguity of this article causes the Government to be reluctant to execute court decisions that have permanent legal force. Indirectly, that’s decision make Djan Faridz's constitutional rights lost. This is because even though there have been several court decisions that have permanent legal force (inkracht van gewisjde), Djan Fraidz still has not received approval from the government. This condition is due to the Minister of Law and Human Rights interpreting subjectively the provisions in Article 33 which regulate internal party political disputes and in the norm stated that the Court's decision is the final decision and there is no dictum requiring the Minister to ratify the results of court decisions.
IMPLIKASI PENGHAPUSAN STRICT LIABILITY DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI ERA SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Mahardika Ahmad Gelora
Published: June 2023

Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja sebagai salah satu bentuk regulasi yang menggunakan metode omnibus law menciptakan problematika baru dalam penegakan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Problematika tersebut adalah ditiadakannya konsep tanggung jawab mutlak sebagai salah satu mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa alternatif. Padahal, penyelesaian sengketa dengan model tanggung jawab mutlak terbukti mampu menyelesaiakan sejumlah persoalan terkait kerusakan lingkungan hidup antara lain kebakakaran hutan dan lahan. Selain itu, peniadaan tersebut juga tidak sejalan dengan prinsip SDGs yang menjadi salah satu cita bangsa untuk kedepannya. Berdasarkan hal tersebutlah, artikel ini hendak menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakan implikasi penghapusan strict liability dalam undang-undang cipta kerja terhadap lingkungan hidup di era sustainable development goals. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah yuridis normatif. Hipotesis artikel ini adalah penghapusan strict liability dalam undang-undang cipta kerja dapat berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan hidup di Indonesia.
Heat tolerance changes of an intact semi-desert cryptobiotic crust during desiccation dominated by Didymodon species
Authors: Dulai Sándor , Tarnai Réka , Radnai Zsófia , Allem Ammar , Vojtkó András , Pócs Tamás
Published: June 2023

The thermal stability of photosysthetic apparatus was examined under different (light and desiccation) treatments in the mosses (Didymodon luridus Hornsch, Didymodon nicholsonii Culm) dominated intact semi-desert cryptobiotic crusts. The relatively low temperature tolerance measured in default state (non energised thylakoids at full turgor) in the samples was inadequate to survive the thermal conditions of the original habitat. This was also manifested in the temperature sensitivity of optimal quantum yield (Fv/Fm) measured in dark-adapted state. The temperature dependence of the steady-state level of fluorescence, measured in light-adapted state, indicated a moderate decrease in heat sensitivity of PS II which was further enhanced by moderate water deficit. Moreover, a considerable water loss extremely increased the thermal stability of PS II in both dark and light-adapted states. Temperature dependence of the different quenching parameters suggests that in light-adapted state, the secondary effects of low lumen pH may protect against both temperature stress and water loss: i.e., it is likely that protection against the effects of light, temperature, and water deficit can be partly based on common bases. At very high temperatures the thermal damage of the oxygen-evolving complex is unlikely to be avoided, however, under continuous actinic light, the variable fluorescence (Fm’-Fs=AF) was partially recovered even above the critical temperature values of the Fs-T curves. This indicates the partial restoration of the electron donation of the PS II reaction centres by alternative electron donors. These changes in heat tolerance play a significant role to tolerate the effects of daily changing of the ecological factors in the habitat and it has a pronounced ecological significance and partly explains the survival of the examined crusts even under extreme semi-desert conditions.
The genus Ephemerum (Pottiaceae, Bryopsida) in Central Africa (Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda) with description of two new species
Authors: Fischer Eberhard , Killmann Dorothee
Published: June 2023

Two new species of Ephemerum from Rwanda (E. rwandense) and Gabon (E. pocsii) are described. The identity of Ephemerum pechuelii is discussed. As the type is missing, the species can not be defined with high confidence. According to the protologue, the species has rather wide leaves with entire margin that are hardly recurved. A key to all species of Ephemerum from Africa is provided.
Austral hepaticae 53. unraveling hidden diversity: a novel species of Frullania Raddi from New Zealand
Authors: Engel John J. , Konrat Matt von , Glenny David
Published: June 2023

Frullania crassissima J.J.Engel, von Konrat and Glenny, a member of the genus Frullania Raddi, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically most similar to F. setchellii, F. svihlana and F. falciloba, of New Zealand and F. vittiana of Lord Howe Island. The new species is also sister to F. squarrosula, F. nicholsonii, F. vittiana and F. falcilobaina previously published phylogenetic analysis. It shares with those species a falcate asymmetrical leaf lobule that is truncate at its apex. It differs from those species principally in the surface ornamentation of the perianth and leaf cell wall thickenings. It is currently only known from the type material, but is likely to be more widespread.
ANALISI PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN BANDWIDTH APLIKASI CONFERENSI ONLINE PADA WEBEX, GOOGLE MEET DAN ZOOM
Authors: Muran Riko Gusjakal , Lukito Yuan , Haryono Nugroho Agus
Published: June 2023

During this pandemic, conference calls or often called concall became a tool that was often used due to government regulations regarding the new COVID-19. Due to these regulations the concall application is commonly used by all agencies. Because of this, new users of concall applications haveincreased and many of these new users still do not understand which applications are suitable for the network in their area. Therefore, researchers made research to provide information about QoS (Quality Of Service) from several applications, namely Google Meet, Webex, and Zoom. In thisstudy, researchers conducted research with 20 PC clients who were given network boundaries of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% using the Queue Tree andPCQ methods.

In the study, there were 3 stages in the process, namely preparation, data collection, and data processing. The variables used by researchers areDelay, Jitter, Packet Loss, and Throughput. These variables are retrieved using the Wireshark application on the client pc. In this study, researchers used the Queue Tree and PCQ methods to provide dynamic limits to the user and to be able to limit accordingly for each application hierarchically.

In this study, it is known that some applications have a very significant decrease in performance when the confined network reaches 50% or more of the total network obtained by the researcher when conducting the research. Thus the researchers hope that with this study readers can get information about which applications are good for use in their respective areas which have different speeds.
EVALUATION OF SICK (SIGNS OF INFLAMATION THAT CAN KILL) SCORE IN PREDICTING MORTALITY AND DURATION OF STAY OF PATIENTS IN PICU IN RURAL TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors:   Resident of Department of Paediatrics., S. Parimala , K. Srinivasa ,   Professor of Paediatrics, Principal - MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital.
Published: June 2023

Background: Mortality in critically ill children occurs in first 24 hour of admission. Therefore, immediate assessment of children at admission with a rapid clinical score is required. Early identification and proper triage of patients, allocation of available resources based on severity of illness is essential for effective management of critical illness. In this study SICK SCORE is used to predict mortality at admission. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 100 patients over a period of two years at a rural tertiary center. The assessment using SICK SCORE was done on arrival prior to initiation of treatment for children admitted in PICU. A SICK SCORE variable (temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, saturation, capillary refill time, sensorium by AVPU scale) was measured using standard guidelines. Each variable is scored 0 to 1, higher the score higher is the prediction of mortality. Results: The study included 100 children admitted in PICU, children between 1 month to 17yr were included in this study, there were 10 deaths (all three had SICK SCORE>6, with 70% sensitivity and specificity 5 %) during study period of 2 years. The mortality risk and duration of stay was found to be increasing with increase in SICK score. Conclusion: Substantially increased rate of mortality and lengthy duration of hospital stay was observed among SICK children who had higher sick score at admission. Hence, we conclude, SICK score is extremely useful in predicting mortality and lengthy stay on admission to hospital and it is also simple and cost-effective scoring system for triaging in resource limited settings.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF ACNE VULGARIS ON QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors:   Post Graduate, Department of Dermatology, Bhaskar Medical College, Moinabad, Hyderabad., Rahul Rayudu , Manmohan G. ,   Professor and HOD, Department of Dermatology, Bhaskar Medical College, Moinabad, Hyderabad., Fiaz Hussain Syed ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Bhaskar Medical College, Moinabad, Hyderabad.
Published: June 2023

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceousunits.Complications of acne like scarring and psychosocial distress persists long after active lesions have disappeared (2). Present study aims to study the impact of acne vulgaris on quality of life in patients with acne. Materials and methods: A hospital based prospective study was done on patients with acne vulgaris. Patients with acne vulgaris of age group 16-35 years were included in the study. Patients with chronic co-morbidities which can affect the quality of life and patients not willing to give consent were excluded from the study. Acne vulgaris was graded using a simple grading system and QoL was assessed using DLQI questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 17. Results: 100 patients were included in the study. Mean age was 24.02 and most affected age group was 21-25 years of age. Majority were females(64%). Grade 2 acne was the commonest type seen. Mean DLQI was 8.09 and majority of patients had moderate effect on QoL. Pearsons correlation obtained on comparing acne grading with DLQI was 0.269 suggesting a significant weak positive correlation. Conclusion: The present study observed moderate impact on QoL in most of the patients. Since acne definitely has a significant impact on QoL,present study highlights the need for measurement of QoL in every patient with acne through questionnaire so that patients with impaired QoL can be identified and counselled accordingly.
COMPARISON OF BUPIVACAINE-DEXMEDETOMIDINE VS BUPIVACAINE-FENTANYL VS BUPIVACAINE -SALINE FOR UNILATERAL SPINAL ANAESTHESIA IN LOWER LIMB SURGERY
Authors: G. Patel Mamta , V. Surve Ashka , George Arun , S. Patel Mittal , A. Mendpara Urvisha , J. Patel Kavan
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Addition of adjuvants like Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl to hyperbaric Bupivacaine has been proposed to improve the quality of spinal anaesthesia. Aims and Objectives: The aim of current study was to compare the effects of adding Dexmedetomidine, Fentanyl and saline to low dose hyperbaric Bupivacaine (1 ml, 0.5%) on the properties of unilateral spinal anaesthesia. Methods and Materials: 120 patients divided into three groups. The spinal anaesthetic agent in each of the three groups was 1 mL bupivacaine 0.5% (5 mg). In groups BD, BF and BS, 5mcg of Dexmedetomidine, 25mg of Fentanyl and 0.5 mL saline were added, respectively. The duration of the motor and sensory blocks in both limbs and the assessment of pain during 24 h after surgery were noted. Results: Duration of motor and sensory block were significantly longer in the BF and BD groups than the BS group. Mean total number of rescue analgesic required were less in group BD and BF compared to group BS. Conclusions: Addition of Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl to low dose Bupivacaine in unilateral spinal anaesthesia increase the duration of the motor, sensory block and post op analgesia.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA AND GOUT AMONG FAMILY MEDICINE RESIDENTS IN KING SAUD MEDICAL CITY IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA, 2023: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical, City. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alenazi Hadeel , Almutairi Rawan ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical, City. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alnashri Hadeel ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical, City. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Almohammadi Rawan ,   Family Medicine Resident, King Saud Medical, City. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alenzi Fayez ,   Family Medicine Consultant, King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia is defined as blood serum urate concentration above 6mg/dl (357 Î¼mol/L) for women and above 7mg/dl (416 Î¼mol/L) for men. It is important to highlight that in Saudi Arabia, family medicine residents encounter multiple cases of AH and gout. Thus, it would be of significance to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding AH and gout. Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital-based descriptive study. The study was conducted in King Saud Medical City Riyadh -in June 2023, among all family medicine residents training in King Saud Medical City Riyadh. Consecutive sampling was implemented. Full coverage of all family medicine residents training in King Saud Medical City Riyadh (n= 119). Results: This study included a total of 117. 87(74.7%) have an experience of 1-3 years. About one quarter of participants (26.5%) attended continuing medical education (CME) on asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) or gout. 83(70.9%) have moderate knowledge, and 75(64.1%) have moderate practice, and 22(18.8%) have good practice. Participants level of knowledge was found to be significantly associated with reading about asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) or gout in the last year and being aware with the guidelines on the management of both AH and gout (P< .05). On the other hand, level of practice was found to be associated significantly with reading about asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) or gout in the last year only (P= .04). Conclusions: More than half of patients showed moderate level of knowledge and favorable attitude towards AH and gout. Majority of residents showed moderate level of practice towards management of AH and gout. Significant association was found between level of knowledge and attending continuous medical education sessions (P < .05). Significant association was also found between level of practice and patients level of knowledge (P < .05).
Development of the credit market of Ukraine under macroeconomic instability
Authors: Dubyna Maksym , Popelo Olha , Zhavoronok Artur , Lopashchuk Inna , Fedyshyn Maiia
Published: June 2023

The development of Ukraine’s credit market occurs under periodic economic crises. Available destructive processes inhibit the development of credit relations, negatively affecting the lending of economic entities and restraining the development of the national economy. This study aims to highlight the basic transformations in the development of the credit market of Ukraine, which are formed in macroeconomic instability. The economic development trends in Ukraine were assessed using classical statistical methods. The correlation regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of macroeconomic parameters (exchange rate, average salary, and cost of loans) on the volume of bank lending. The results show that the national economy of Ukraine during 2005–2021 developed in the conditions of periodic macroeconomic instability, and the pre-crisis (an indicator of 2013) parameters of bank lending volumes have not restored within the credit market. The paper stresses the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: in 2020, the volume of bank lending decreased by 10.38 billion USD. Moreover, the econometric analysis of the influence of specific macroeconomic parameters (exchange rate, average salary, and cost of loans) on the development of bank lending in Ukraine demonstrated that the stability of the national currency exerts the greatest influence on the lending processes of economic entities in Ukraine. Its provision in the long term allows the creation of favorable conditions for the credit market functioning after the shock periods.
Acknowledgment This study is conducted within the framework of the scientific project “Transformation of the households’ behavior in the financial services market in the context of digitalization” with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.
ESTUDO DE COMPOSTOS POLIAROMÁTICOS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS E MERCÚRIO NA BAÍA DE TODOS OS SANTOS, BRASIL: AVANÇOS RECENTES E CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA MELHOR COMPREENSÃO DO AMBIENTE MARINHO
Authors: Nascimento Madson , Menezes Natália , Martinez Sabrina , Machado Maria , da Rocha Gisele , de Andrade Jailson
Published: June 2023

UNCONVENTIONAL POLYAROMATICS COMPOUNDS AND MERCURY IN THE TODOS OS SANTOS BAY, BRAZIL: RECENT ADVANCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND OF THEIR ROLE IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS) is the second-largest Brazilian bay; it was the first oil producing region in Brazil, with three large industrial parks in its north-northeast portion. In addition, the BTS has two large ports and a population of around 3 million inhabitants distributed among 14 cities. In the present study, recent studies on contamination by polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and Hg in sediments, water, and biota from the BTS region are presented and critically discussed. Among the PACs, studies evaluating the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated (nitro-PAHs), oxygenated derivatives (oxy-PAHs), and those containing atoms of S as a heteroatom (PASHs) are considered, as well as the element Hg distributed in seawater, sediments, and biota. Regarding biomonitoring organisms, recent results on polychaetes, ascidians, and corals are presented. Trends for future studies are presented at the end of the text.
Synthesis and Characterization of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Determination of Cocaine in Urine Using Microextraction in Packed Sorvent
Authors: Ferreira Juliana , dos Santos Nayara , Borges Keyller , Conceição Nathália , Baptista Clara , França Hildegardo , Romão Wanderson
Published: June 2023

Among stimulant drugs, cocaine deserves attention due to its high rates of seizures worldwide. This work presents the synthesis and characterization of hybrid molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for use in preparing biological samples using a homemade microextraction in a packed sorbent device to extract cocaine. The MIPs synthesized using caffeine and cocaine as templates have been compared. Caffeine was used due to its low value and be easier to obtain than cocaine. Additionally, restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers (RAMIPs) were also produced for comparison purposes. The polymeric materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, textural analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and cross polarization/ magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. The method optimization was performed using linear ion trap mass spectrometer to evaluate the effects of sample pH, type of eluent, washing solvent, adsorption cycles, and eluent volume. In the optimized method, RAMIPs indicated better cocaine extraction compared to MIPs. The quantitative study demonstrated that the developed method was able to accurately quantify cocaine in urine samples with values close to actual concentrations.
Investigating the Expression of Genes Involved in Apoptosis and Mutation in Ovarian Cancer Cell Line and Possible Hepatotoxicity in Rats Induced by New Green Synthesized Ag-NPs
Authors: Fang Fang , Zhang Xiaoyan , Bai Rongrong , Wang Bing , Heidari Majd Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can enter tumor cells through endocytosis and transfer to mitochondria, then disrupt mitochondrial function, damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and finally lead to cell death and apoptosis. As the Ag-NPs synthesized by Moringa peregrina leaf extract contain biomolecules such as flavonoids and terpenoids, they may suppress cancer by disrupting the flow of autophagy and inhibiting the differentiation of cancer cells, especially in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. Accordingly, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromid (MTT) assay proved that Ag-NPs could inhibit the OVCAR-3 cell line in a time- and concentrationdependent manner. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results showed that the ratio of the pro-apoptotic Bak1 gene to the anti-apoptotic Bclx gene increased about 10 times compared to the control. Also, the expression of the caspase-3 gene has increased about 18 times compared to the control. In addition, it was found that Ag-NPs can inhibit the progression of ovarian cancer cell lines and decrease the expression of the AKT1 gene by 0.08. And the more important point was the safety of Ag-NPs, which was checked by the lipid peroxidation method and it was confirmed that the treated hepatocytes did not have any significant difference in the production of malondialdehyde with the control and probably do not cause hepatotoxicity.
The maximum entropy principle in search theory
Authors:   St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Hi Tech Research and Development Office, Prokaev Aleksandr N.
Published: June 2023

The paper considers the relationship between search theory and information theory. The traditional problem of search theory is to develop a search plan for a physical object in the sea or on land. The search plan has to develop the distribution of available search resources in such a way that the probability of detection the search object is to be maximum. The optimal solution is traditionally considered as so-called "uniformly optimal search plan", which provides a uniform distribution of the posterior probability of the location of the object as the search is conducted. At the same time, optimality simultaneously according to the criteria of maximum detection probability and equality of a posteriori probability is possible only for the exponential detection function, which is used most often in search theory. For other kinds of detection functions, the optimal solutions according to the specified criteria do not match. In this paper, the approach to this problem is considered on the basis of the maximum entropy principle. For a situation of discrete distribution, it is shown that, within the framework of information theory, the search problem has a simpler solution that does not depend on the kind of the detection function.
Means of evaluation in environmental media discourse
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kulichenko Yulia N. , Kurchenkova Elena A. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the article is to describe and classify the linguistic means expressing evaluative meaning in the environmental media discourse. The objectives of the study include the identification of different means expressing evaluation in media texts devoted to environmental issues, identifying lexical items and stylistic devices for the formation of an evaluation strategy in modern media texts devoted to environmental issues, creating a typology of evaluative linguistic means in media environmental discourse. The method of component analysis of the lexical meaning of a word was used in the work, it enabled full understanding and characterization of lexical units with an evaluative component in their semantics. The method of content analysis of media texts made it possible to identify the pragmatic potential of axiological vocabulary used in Russian media texts dealing with environmental issues. The article considers the category of evaluation, which is universal for media discourse, and proposes a classification of linguistic means of expressing evaluative meaning in environmental media discourse. It is supposed to divide all linguistic means of expression of evaluative meaning into two main groups according to their positive or negative meaning. The authors carried out a detailed part-of-speech analysis of the lexical items of both groups, proposed their classification and analysed stylistic devices as a way of expressing a positive or negative connotation. The analysis showed that the most frequent among all the lexical items under consideration are adjectives with different meanings, which are widely used as a means of influence in the environmental media discourse and are capable of expressing ethical, aesthetic and rationalistic (utilitarian) assessment.
Representation of toponymic changes in the Russian-Ukrainian media discourse: Problems of national security and protection of historical memory
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Sorokin Andrey A. , Slyshkin Gennady G. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Malygina Lydia E. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: June 2023

The study of modern toponymic discourse in the mass media is one of the most pressing problems, since the introduction of “new toponymy” into active speech usage, into the cultural context of each member of the mass audience occurs precisely through the mass communication media. At the same time, the generalization of new toponymic units, even at the level of sentences, has a strong and direct impact on the behavior of the audience, the change and formation of the value system through historical and socio-cultural argumentation. Thus, changes in modern toponymy become part of the current linguistic and cultural concept, a linguistic source of information about the social, political, spiritual culture of the mass audience. Moreover, many examples of modern toponymy directly relate to issues of linguistic security in various aspects of media perception, a kind of humanitarian weapon in the confrontation of ideologies of states. Actual changes in toponymy, dictated by socio-political and historical-social circumstances, participate in the formation of a linguistic and cultural concept, which is formed as a result of the reduction of a fragment of the cognizable world to the limits of human memory and is included in the context of culture in verbal units necessary to meet the communicative needs of members of society. We consider the renaming of historical place names as a format for creating new linguistic concepts, part of a destructive information flow that is deliberately formed in the mass media, in the information flow of new media (telegram channels, social networks), creating an up-to-date media discourse. To study onomastic realities, it is necessary to develop a methodology for extracting cultural and historical information from the onomasticon, as well as a methodology for interpreting this information. This work is aimed at analyzing the current toponymic situation in the context of Russian-Ukrainian relations since 2014 and can be regarded as a contribution to the body of research of the cultural and historical onomasticon.
Soft, hard and smart powers differentiating in the media discourse: An experimental research
Authors:   Irkutsk Technical University, Iakoba Irina A. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: June 2023

The powers of discourse in the modern media Internet space are presented and differentiated on the examples of social, political, religious types of discourse. The methods used are interpretation, inference and linguistic experiment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the media addressee’s understanding of the smart, soft and hard powers of discourse. An online questionnaire was presented and tested in the Google-form to identify the degree of understanding of the terms and their practical application by a diverse addressee. In the course of the research, the hypothesis of the ability of a non-highly specialized addressee to differentiate the influencing powers of discourse was confirmed. The differentiation of the discourse powers is confirmed by ⅔ of the respondents who correctly identified the powers given as written examples. The strength of each example is justified by the proposed parameters. The research justifies the need for the discourse powers separation in connection with the strengthening of the intellectual potential of the media discourse to influence “smartly” on the addressee by purposefully constructing the discourse according to the given parameters. Response discourse, feedback with a potential addressee allows us to clarify the set of parameters necessary for a more accurate and unambiguous differentiation of discourse powers that can exert an effect in modern media space. Scientific novelty consists in conducting a linguistic sociological experiment, which allows you to understand better the effect of the discourse powers and their interpretation by the addressee. For the first time, a differentiating characteristic of the powers of discourse for communication control is given. For the first time, examples of powers from the social, political, religious types of discourse are analyzed and compared. A promising area of research on the potential of media discourse is to attract different types of discourse on the material of different languages.
Improving soil moisture content to increase strawberry growth indicators using the hydroponic method
Authors: Cao Huijuan , Han Yongguang , Peng Jing , Peng Xiaorui
Published: June 2023

Water and soil moisture management are very important factors in strawberry cultivation, and they directly affect strawberry growth and yield. Full moisture and suitable soil moisture can promote strawberry growth and grow faster and higher; proper soil moisture can maintain soil nutrients and prevent soil loss, thus maintaining soil fertility. In addition, adequate moisture and suitable soil moisture can make the strawberry grow more healthily, thus improving its quality and reducing the occurrence of hollow fruit. Therefore, in strawberry cultivation, reasonable water and soil moisture management is very important, growers need to carry out timely irrigation and drainage according to the growth of strawberry, to ensure the growth and yield of strawberry. Its disadvantages include the following: vulnerable to diseases and pests, high requirements for climatic conditions, high requirements for climatic conditions and high production costs. As a new agricultural technology, hydroponics can save land resources and reduce land pollution by cultivating plants in containers instead of planting plants on the land.
A quantitative and qualitative investigation of ball and foam covers coated with cement slurry and their composition on reducing evaporation and choosing the best coating by the AHP method
Authors: Karami Hojat , Sobhi Alireza , Vagheei Ramazan
Published: June 2023

The present study sought to use a 20 mm thick foam coated with cement slurry and blue ball in 50 and 80% surface covers, and their composite in 80% surface coverage in the Colorado pan. Then, the pans' daily evaporation was calculated and compared with the amount of control evaporation. The results indicated that the combined method (plastic ball and foam) with 80% reduced the evaporation by about 68%, plastic ball with 80% cover about 58%, foam with 80% coating about 53%, plastic ball with 50% coating about 34%, and finally 50% foam by about 28%. Concerning the statistical analysis of this research, a significant correlation was observed between the control pan and average temperature, although there was no fixed and uniform relationship between the control pan and maximum wind speed, air pressure, average relative humidity, and the number of sunshine hours. In this research, foam 50%, composite 80%, foam 80%, ball 80%, and ball 50% had better performance in terms of the best water quality based on the water electrical conductivity (EC), respectively. Finally, the composite cover 80% was selected as the best coverage using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and considering different criteria.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Indole Derivatives as Dual
EGFR/SRC Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Olgen Sureyya , Kaleli Sevde Nur Biltekin , Karaca Banu Taktak , Demirel Ural U. , Bristow Hacer Karatas
Published: June 2023

Background:

Recent studies showed that the cooperation between c-SRC and EGFR is responsible
for more aggressive phenotype in diverse tumors, including glioblastomas and carcinomas of the
colon, breast, and lung. Studies show that combination of SRC and EGFR inhibitors can induce apoptosis
and delay the acquired resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, such combination may lead to a new
therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Osimertinib was developed as a
third-generation EGFR-TKI to combat the toxicity of EGFR mutant inhibitors. Due to the resistance and
adverse reaction of osimertinib and other kinase inhibitors, 12 novel compounds structurally similar to
osimertinib were designed and synthesized.

Methods:

Compounds were synthesized by developing novel original synthesis methods and receptor interactions
were evaluated through a molecular docking study. To evaluate their inhibitory activities
against EGFR and SRC kinase, in vitro enzyme assays were used. Anticancer potencies were determined
using lung, breast, prostate (A549, MCF6, PC3) cancer cell lines. Compounds were also tested against
normal (HEK293) cell line to evaluate their cyctotoxic effects.

Results:

Although, none of compounds showed stronger inhibition compared to osimertinib in the EGFR
enzyme inhibition studies, compound 16 showed the highest efficacy with an IC50 of 1.026 μM. It also
presented potent activity against SRC kinase with an IC50 of 0.002 μM. Among the tested compounds,
the urea containing derivatives 6-11 exhibited a strong inhibition profile (80.12-89.68%) against SRC kinase
in comparison to the reference compound dasatinib (93.26%). Most of the compounds caused more
than 50% of cell death in breast, lung and prostate cancer cell lines and weak toxicity for normal cells in
comparison to reference compounds osimertinib, dasatinib and cisplatin. Compound 16 showed strong
cytotoxicity on lung and prostate cancer cells. Treatment of prostate cancer cell lines with the most active
compound, 16, significantly increased the caspase-3 (8-fold), caspase-8 (6-fold) and Bax (5.7-fold)
levels and decreased the Bcl-2 level (2.3-fold) compared to the control group. These findings revealed
that the compound 16 strongly induces apoptosis in the prostate cancer cell lines.

Conclusion:

Overall kinase inhibition, cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays presented that compound 16
has dual inhibitory activity against SRC and EGFR kinases while maintaining low toxicity against normal
cells. Other compounds also showed considerable activity profiles in kinase and cell culture assays.
The Marine Factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl Alcohol
Suppresses Cell Growth, Inflammatory Cytokine Production, and
NF-κB Signaling-enhanced Osteoclastogenesis in In vitro Mouse
Macrophages RAW264.7 Cells
Authors: Yamaguchi Masayoshi , Yoshiike Kenji , Watanabe Hideaki , Watanabe Mitsugu
Published: June 2023

Background and Objective:

The novel marine factor 3,5-dihydroxy-4-
methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) was originally identified in the Pacific oyster
Crassostrea Gigas. DHMBA has been shown to prevent oxidative stress by scavenging
radicals and enhance the production of antioxidant proteins. However, the
pharmacologic role of DHMBA has been poorly understood. Inflammation is implicated in
the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inflammatory cytokines are produced in macrophages
with stimulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and are used as biomarkers that
cause diverse disease conditions. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to
elucidate whether DHMBA expresses anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro mouse
macrophage RAW264.7 cells.

Methods:

Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cultured in a medium containing
10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) with or without DHMBA (1-1000 μM).

Results:

Culturing with DHMBA (1-1000 μM) suppressed the growth and stimulated the
death of RAW264.7 cells in vitro, leading to a decrease in cell number. Treatment with
DHMBA reduced the levels of Ras, PI3K, Akt, MAPK, phospho-MAPK, and mTOR,
which are signalling factors to promote cell proliferation, and it raised the levels of p53,
p21, Rb, and regucalcin, which are cell growth suppressors. DHMBA treatment elevated
caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 levels. Interestingly, DHMBA treatment repressed the
production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6,
interleukin-1β, or prostaglandin E2, which were enhanced by LPS stimulation. Notably,
the levels of NF-κB p65 were increased by LPS treatment, and this augmentation was
repres-sed by DHMBA treatment. Moreover, LPS treatment stimulated osteoclastogenesis
of RAW264.7 cells. This stimulation was blocked by DHMBA treatment, and this
effect was not caused by the presence of an NF-κB signalling inhibitor.

Conclusion:

DHMBA was found to potentially suppress the activity of inflammatory
macrophages in vitro, suggesting its therapeutic usefulness in inflammatory conditions.
Synthesis and Chiral Separation of Some New Derivatives of Imidazo [1, 2-
a] Pyridine
Authors: Keltoum Cheham Bouler Bag Oum , El Amin Zaid Mohamed , Nasser Belboukhari , Khaled Sekkoum , Hassan Aboul-Enein
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Mannich base is the result of the three-part chemical reaction known as the
Mannich reaction, which includes the amino alkylation of an acidic proton adjacent to a carbonyl group
by formaldehyde and either a primary or secondary amine.

Method::

In a 1L flask, dissolve 28.2 g (0.3 mol) of 2-aminopyridine, and 400mL of ethanol,
then add 32.6g (0.3 mol) of chloroacetone and put 30 drops of acetic acid. The organic phases are combined
and dried with Magnesium sulfate. After solvent evaporation, we have recovered our product which
is a 2-methylimidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine product.

Result:

A C-18 bonded stationary phase provided one significant peak for all of the compounds under
examination providing solid proof of the compound purity. This was used to demonstrate the purity of the
compounds. Then, the potential enantiomers of these chiral compounds were obtained using the four
CSPs.

Conclusion:

In this study, several novel Mannich bases were prepared. These bases had rendement ranging
from 76 to 94.73, and their chiral separation was discussed utilizing four polysaccharide-based CSPs:
ChiralpakAS, Chiralcel OD, Chirapak®AS-3R, and Chiralcel OJ.
Therapeutic Potential of Indian Medicinal Herbs and Current Therapeutic
Approach used to Mitigate the Symptoms of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:
A Review
Authors: Singh Nisha , Sharma Rahul Kumar , Kushwah Ajay Singh , Kumar Manish
Published: June 2023

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a complex condition marked by severe exhaustion
that lasts at least 6 months. The global prevalence of CFS ranging between 0.4% and 2.5% is growing.
Women are affected by CFS more often than men. It is considered a common condition in developed
countries. There is no approved treatment for CFS but symptoms can be managed and controlled
persistent exhaustion causes significant impairment in daily routine activities. Lowered
ATP synthesis, mitochondrial impairment, decreased oxidative phosphorylation, disruption of the
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, and an imbalance of brain neurotransmitters play a
major role in the pathophysiology of CFS. The purpose of the present study is to figure out the several
plants that are used as a source of medication in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and its current
therapeutic approach. The Indian medicinal herbs described in this article are very efficacious
in the management of chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms due to the presence of phytochemicals.
This review article also covers the current therapeutic approach for chronic fatigue syndrome in a
concise form that comprises CBT (Cognitive based therapy), GET (Graded exercise therapy), usage
of immunoglobins, psychodynamic counseling, and yoga therapy that includes isometric yoga and
yoga nidra are very beneficial in alleviating the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome. Antidepressants,
immunomodulatory agents, and corticosteroids come under conventional medication for CFS.
This article explores different Indian medicinal herbs, their pharmacological properties, and their potential
role and current treatments for reducing the severity of symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome.
Nuclear Fission and Fusion
Authors: Kohale Ritesh , J. Dhoble Sanjay , Chopra Vibha
Published: June 2023

The present chapter deals with the analysis and relationship of significant
features of theoretical nuclear physics. It is perhaps the most widely adopted chapter on
the subject. The authors' line of understanding is subjected to “the theoretical
perceptions, approaches, and deliberations formulated to infer the investigational
matter and spread our aptitude to calculate and govern nuclear occurrences.” The
present chapter elaborates on the features of conjectural nuclear physics. Its attention is
classified agreeing to occurrences concerning nuclear fission, transition state (saddle
point) and scission point, photo−fission, fissile materials and fertile materials,
moderation and thermalization of the neutron, neutron transport in the matter, nuclear
fusion and basic reaction for energy generation in the sun by fusion.
Particle Accelerators
Authors: Kohale Ritesh , Dhoble Sanjay J. , Chopra Vibha
Published: June 2023

Particle accelerators are devices that increase the speed of elementary
particles like electrons or protons. Such particles are accelerated to enormously
elevated energies and yield an energetic stream of beams recycled for appreciative
identifications about the forces that act upon them (elemental and nuclear behaviour)
and fundamental structure wedges of natural surroundings. The present chapter is
dedicated to understandings of Linear accelerators along with construction working,
calculation of the length of drift tubes, and calculation of particle energy. It also
focuses on the cyclotron, its principle, construction, working and applications.
Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics
Authors: Kohale Ritesh , Dhoble Sanjay J. , Chopra Vibha
Published: June 2023

Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics gives elementary understanding of nuclear and particle physics. The textbook offers an overview of the subject, providing students with a basic understanding about 1) the atomic structure and the nucleus, 2) equipment such as particle detectors, particle accelerators, and nuclear reactors, 3) radioactivity, and 4) elementary particles. Each chapter provides fundamental theoretical and experimental knowledge required for students to strengthen their concepts. Other key features of the book include:

- Structured chapters designed for easy reading and stimulating interest for learners

- Sophisticated figures

- Thoroughly solved equations

- Bibliographic references for further reading

- Updated information about different types of nuclear reactors

- Information about nuclear astrophysics

Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics is suitable for introductory undergraduate courses in nuclear physics as well as more innovative courses geared towards nuclear engineering.
Methods for Studying the Activity of Natural Extracts on Renal Transporters İnvolved in the Regulation of Blood Pressure
Authors: Gerbino Andrea , Carmosino Monica
Published: June 2023

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
due to the deleterious effects that increased blood pressure (BP) has on kidney
vasculature. Patients with CKD and hypertension often require a combination of
antihypertensive medications to target BP. Several classes of antihypertensive/diuretic
agents may have a role in the treatment of CKD and hypertension. Besides these
conventional therapies, it is extremely useful to identify new natural sources (herbs and
botanicals) of diuretics and their targets in the kidney that can be used alone or in
combination with traditional synthetic drugs. The use of herbal medicine and natural
products to contrast hypertension has increased many-fold over the past decade driven
by documented experimental evidence. However, many nephrologists are unaware of
these potential therapeutic benefits in treating hypertension, mainly for the lack of
knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying their effects. Indeed, rigorous
preclinical assays are necessary to scientifically validate the utilization of medicinal
plants for the treatment of hypertension. This chapter provides detailed methods to
study the effects of two representative herbal extracts on renal transporters involved in
blood pressure regulation by in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo approaches. Of note, these
methods can be applied to any herbal extracts.