bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY AND THE SELF ESTEEM OF PREADOLESCENT GIRLS
Authors: Kawira Catherine , Chiroma Nathan , Wambugu Anne
Published: April 2021

This article examines the relationship between precocious puberty and the self-esteem of preadolescent girls in public primary schools in Kiambu County, Kenya. This article introduces the two variables precocious puberty and self-esteem, reviews the literature on the relationship between the physical, biological, cognitive, and cultural changes of precocious puberty as they relate to the self-esteem of adolescent girls, discusses the findings of the study, and makes conclusions and recommendations. The sample population was 410 preadolescent girls and 8 class teachers, who were purposively sampled from 12 randomly, selected public primary schools in Kiambu County. Primary data was collected using three instruments; a questionnaire structured interviews and focus group discussions. The instruments were pilot tested on 36, 8-12 years old girls from 3 public primary schools in the study location who were omitted from the actual study. The qualitative data was analysed using the content analysis method, while the quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Analysed data was presented using tables and figures. Statistical data indicated that there was a significant relationship (β=0.354, p=0.000) between precocious puberty and the self-esteem of pre-adolescent girls. This was confirmed by the responses from both interviews and focus group discussions. Given these findings, the researcher study concluded that earlier pubertal maturation as indicated by breast development before age 8 and the onset of menstruation before age 12 can lead to low self-esteem in preadolescent girls. The article recommends that awareness of the incidence of precocious puberty and its relationship with the self-esteem of preadolescent girls be created among parents, teachers, peers, policymakers, and other stakeholders so that the negative effects from the incidence can be mitigated.
A STUDY ON THE USE OF E-LEARNING AMONG STUDENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADE POLYTECHNIC TUANKU SYED SIRAJUDDIN
Authors: Hussain Jamilah , Mohamad Ros Shukeri
Published: April 2021

The e-learning method has been widely used since the pandemic epidemic covid 19. This study was conducted to examine the level of students' acceptance of e-learning learning in the learning process among students of the Department of Commerce Polytechnic Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin (PTSS). The objective of this study is to examine the level of acceptance, the ability of students, and the impact of e-learning learning. This study also aims to analyze the readiness of institutions to provide resources for successful e-learning. Data analysis based on feedback from 201 students from the Department of Commerce to review readiness, ability, and e-learning learning can help students of the Department of Commerce master their learning outcomes. The results of this study show that most students know and are sensitive to e-learning and know the benefits or benefits they get from e-learning compared to conventional methods. However, facilities and internet facilities are an obstacle to this noble endeavor.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHING AND LEARNING OF HADITH IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN PERAK SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Abdul Rahman W Azizi , Mohamad Norhisham
Published: April 2021

This paper is to identify the implementation of hadith teaching and learning in secondary Islamic Education in Perak. This form of research uses quantitative methods. A total of 269 Islamic education teachers in daily secondary schools in Perak were selected as respondents using random sampling techniques. The study data were descriptively analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to obtain frequency, percentage, mean standard deviation. The findings on the time allocation construct were at moderately high levels (mean=3.51, s.p =0.3). Meanwhile, the findings of the teaching aid Material Construct mean score of the entire item are (mean=3.75, s.p=0.15) and the teachers’ interpretation is moderately high and the construct for teacher's teaching method “kitabah” the whole item's mean score is (mean=4.65, s.p=0.23) and interpretation at a high level. In conclusion, the main findings of the study show that teachers can implement good teaching methods to influence students' achievement. Despite the provision of teaching time and ease of teaching aids needs to be improved. The implications of the study show that the parties should increase their teaching time and expose the use of teaching materials to teachers so that students can master and improve sunnah practices in everyday life as derived from hadith learning in schools.
EFFECTS OF HAPPINESS TRAINING ON MENTAL HEALTH IN ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Khodabakhsh Sonia
Published: April 2021

Past studies have shown mental health and happiness are associated with each other. Several studies were done on the effectiveness of happiness training in several aspects. In this review paper, the effect of happiness training on mental health among adults is systematically reviewed. Through a search in Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the “happiness training” keyword and its related words among post-2005 publications, the number of 18 research articles included in this review paper. Based on the systematic review, 18 variables in the selected studies are discussed which include anxiety, blood pressure, burnout, depression, emotions, flourishing, happiness, life expectancy, life satisfaction, migraine symptoms, mindfulness, quality of life, resilience, stress, tolerance, and well-being.
HETEROGENEOUS EFFECT OF SECTORAL COMPOSITION ON THE GREEN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS IN ASIA’S MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
Authors: Yassin Jain , Wong Sing Yun , Marcus Herniza Roxanne
Published: April 2021

This study examines the extent to which sectoral composition can affect green technology innovations in 20 selected Asia’s Middle-Income countries from 1995 until 2016. To measure the cross-sectional dependence among cross-sectional units and allows heterogeneous coefficients in a panel, this study will adopt the Dynamic Common Correlated Effect (DCCE). The results show that an increase in the proportion of industry and services sectors plays an important role in innovations of environmentally friendly technology. It is also knowing that the tourism sector and pollution level would be a prospect for green technology innovations. On the contrary, the increasing proportion of the agriculture sector may hinder green innovations. The finding of this study can be helpful for policymakers in middle-Income countries to promote a balance of green technology development in each sector for the sake of comprehensive sustainable development.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARDUINO BASED EDUCATIONAL KIT: TRAFFIC LIGHT PROTOTYPE TO INCREASE THE USER BASIC KNOWLEDGE ON WRITING SIMPLE ARDUINO PROGRAMMING CODE
Authors: Shaari Syarfadila Ezurida , A. Rahman Farihana , Che Berahim Che Susilawati
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a simple Educational Kit based on the UNO Arduino platform. This prototype is intended for the Mechanical Engineering Department of Politeknik Mukah’s students. Its main aim is by using the developed prototype, the students’ basic knowledge on writing a simple Arduino program code will increase thus helping the students to fulfill their final year project theme. Along with the prototype, a ready written code will be provided, however, the students will be required to manipulate the said coding in setting the LED traffic light based on the given sequence. After using the suggested prototype, the percentage of students who were having difficulties in writing the Arduino program code student decreased by 65%.
A Questionnaire Study on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Pharmacovigilance among Practicing Healthcare Professionals of the Teaching Hospital in Sebha, Libya
Authors: Yousef Fatma Mohammed , Ali Mona Ibrahim , Abrika Omar Saad Saleh , Abdelsalam Mohammad Khalifa
Published: April 2021

Pharmacovigilance is assessing whether the benefits of a drug outweigh the risks, and it does not stop when a drug is certified. Pharmacovigilance involves ongoing monitoring of drugs to ensure they remain safe for use, especially since previously undetected adverse events can occur at any time. However, this concept is still new to some healthcare professionals. Currently, significant attention has been drawn to pharmacovigilance in Arab countries due to the development of new regulations. The present cross-sectional, qualitative study used a questionnaire to assess knowledge of, attitudes towards, and practice (KAP) of pharmacovigilance among healthcare professionals (doctors, dentists and pharmacists) working in Sebha Medical Centre and Medical Facilities. The findings revealed a difference between healthcare professionals’ explicit and tacit knowledge. The questions about attitudes identified respondents’ affective behavior, while the questions about the practice were found the lack of practice of pharmacovigilance, mainly due to non-availability of suspected ADR reporting form, not considering reporting as necessary, fear of consequences, and lack of awareness among healthcare professionals. This study highlights healthcare professionals’ limited knowledge of pharmacovigilance. Drug regulatory bodies and health authorities should implement educational interventions and a practical training program to strengthen drug safety and pharmacovigilance in Libya.
Formative Assessment in Business and Entrepreneurship Education in Poland
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Minh , Tien Nguyen Hoang
Published: April 2021

This study aims to investigate the overall process of implementing formative assessment and teaching practices in business schools in Poland. Formative assessment shows how useful and impactful is engaging students in the process of acquiring knowledge, solving teamwork business case studies, dealing with simulated business decisions instead of taking and passing final exams. Students majoring in business in Polish universities need to rely on multiple feedback information from formative assessment to evaluate their knowledge performance and improve their practical business and social skills. Group interaction and communication are also essential channels for them to self-assess and peer-assess, to take advantage of own strengths and to overcome own weaknesses. The study employed questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews and observations as the research methods. The results of this study showed that students majoring in business in post-communist states like Poland, compared to students in Western countries, need to be involved more in formative assessment practices which help them to shift away from traditional process of acquiring knowledge to focus rather on acquiring real-life business skills and capacities.
Higher Doctorate in Poland and Implications for Polish Higher Education and Scientific Development
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Minh , Tien Nguyen Hoang
Published: April 2021

This article reveals the specificity of the Polish higher education system with a higher doctorate (doctor of science) as an obligatory stage of individual scientific career development in a contrary to most European countries where this title exists. The article presents the current state of Polish science, questioning the usefulness and the raison d'être of this title and showing the impact of its existence on the perspective of Polish higher education and Polish scientific development.
Analysis of the Cause of Landslide Disaster in Sukabumi, Indonesia (Using Analytical Hierarchy Process)
Authors: Muzani  , Setianingsih Asma Irma , Wahyudi Sulistiawati Sri
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to identify the main factors causing landslide disasters using the analytical hierarchy process method and to determine the potential for a landslide disaster in the city of Sukabumi in West Java based on spatial analysis. This study investigated six landslide disaster factors: slope, rainfall, soil type, land use, the existence of a fault, and geological conditions. Then, the analytical hierarchy process method was used to calculate the weight of each of the factors contributing to a landslide and to determine the effect of landslides. The weight calculation results showed that rainfall had a weight value of 330 (35%); the weight values for the other investigated factors were: 234 (25%) for slope, 128 (14%) for land use, 94 (10%) for the presence of a fault, 87 (9%) for geological conditions, and 67 (7%) for soil type. Once the weight of each parameter that affects a landslide is obtained through the analytical hierarchy process method, it is possible to obtain the data about the factors that cause landslides due to overlay (stacking) by inserting the value for each weight. A geographic information system was used to generate a potential map of landslide disasters in the city of Sukabumi. Based on the results of spatial analysis, the areas around the city of Sukabumi have a high potential for experiencing a landslide. The landslide potential for this area was found to be high (59%) with a total overall reach of 2,876.99 ha. A moderate landslide potential (35%) would impact an area of 1,689.83 ha and a low landslide potential (7%) would impact an area of 320.00 ha. Rainfall was the major factor for the cause of a landslide in Sukabumi because rain water infiltrates the soil in the open slope (without vegetation cover) increasing the water content in the soil. When the soil becomes saturated, the weight of the soil increases and the burden on the slope also increases.
The Personal Data Protection of Internet Users in Indonesia
Authors: Mangku Dewa Gede Sudika , Yuliartini Ni Putu Rai , Suastika I. Nengah , Wirawan I. Gusti Made Arya Suta
Published: April 2021

The emergence and rapid development of information and communication technology has brought about various opportunities and challenges. One of them is the active interaction between individuals and the digital-based information service providers. In modern economic development, related information including personal data or also known as digital dossier—the collection of large amounts of an individual’s information using digital technology—are valuable assets due to their high economic value since they are widely utilized by businesses. In this regard and due to the increasing number of cellphone and internet users, there is a need to study the issues on the importance of protecting one’s personal data. In Indonesia, there is no specific regulation regarding the protection of personal data. Therefore, it is essential to come up with specific and comprehensive legislation related to personal data protection as legal basis for better implementation of personal data protection in Indonesia in the future. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the current policies on protection of personal data of internet users in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and utilizes literature study. The result shows that the concept of personal data protection implies that individuals have the right to determine whether one will join an online community, share or exchange personal data with another, and the conditions that must be met in order to do so. The study likewise found that the threat of personal data leakage is increasingly occurring because of the development of the e-commerce sector in Indonesia.
Improvement of the Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soils Using Fly Ash
Authors: Salim Nahla M.
Published: April 2021

This test program studies the impact of using fly ash on prepared soil by adding different percentages of fly ash (5%, 10% and 15%) by dry soil weight. The expansive soil was prepared in the laboratory by mixing natural soil (Al-Nahrawan clayey soil) with different percentages of bentonite (30%, 50% and 70%). The experimental study focuses on the effects of the fly ash content on the free swell index, swell potential, swelling pressure, plasticity and compaction characteristics of expansive soil. The influence of these admixtures was compared with those of untreated soils. The results show that the plasticity index, the optimum moisture content, swelling percent and swell pressure increase with an increase in the bentonite percentage, and the maximum dry density and specific gravity decrease with increases in the bentonite percentage. The plasticity index, specific gravity, swelling and swelling pressure decrease with increases in the fly ash percentage. The optimum percentage of fly ash was 5%, where the swell and swell pressure decreased by a large amount. The results showed that the addition of fly ash to expansive soils has a positive effect on the soil's geotechnical properties.
Difficulties in diagnosing multiple myeloma with lung damage
Authors: Demko I. V. , Mamaeva M. G. , Kraposhina A. Yu. , Solovieva I. A. , Gordeeva N. V. , Dyatlovskij V. V. , Sidorov S. A.
Published: April 2021

Multiple myeloma occupies a leading position among malignant blood diseases. There is clinical evidence that multiple myeloma can be complicated by secondary amyloidosis. The article presents a clinical case for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma complicated by secondary pulmonary amyloidosis. The participation of doctors of various specialties (pulmonologist, hematologist, pathologist), the use of high-tech diagnostic methods (histological examination of a biopsy of lung tissue, trepanobiopsy, immunohistochemical examination of histological preparations of lungs and bone marrow), made it possible to establish a clinical diagnosis.
Secondary prevention of thrombosis with direct oral anticoagulants for hereditary hematogenous thrombophilia
Authors: Voytsekhovskiy V. V.
Published: April 2021

Aim. The article describes the experience of using direct oral anticoagulants – drugs Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban for the secondary prevention of thrombosis in patients with the most common variants of hereditary hematogenous thrombophilia.

Materials and methods. 86 patients were under observation: 53 men, 33 women. Only the registered fact of thrombosis, thromboembolism, ischemia or organ infarction was the basis for the diagnosis of hematogenous thrombophilia and further secondary prevention of thrombosis. In 80 cases, there was a combined form of thrombophilia. In addition to hereditary factors, there were acquired thrombogenic factors. Dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa®) for the prevention of thrombus formation was prescribed to 41 patients aged 20 to 60 years; duration of admission from 12 months to 9 years, the dose of the drug was selected individually from 150 to 300 mg per day. Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) for the prevention of thrombus formation was prescribed to 25 patients aged 18 to 54 years, duration of admission from 12 months to 7 years, the dose of the drug is 10-20 mg per day. Apixaban (Eliquis®) was prescribed to 10 patients, aged 30 to 50 years, the duration of admission was from 6 months up to 2 years, dosage 5-10 mg per day. For hyperhomocysteinemia, Angiovit® or Pentavit® was prescribed. Protein C and antithrombin III preparations with their congenital deficiency were used according to indications.

Results. After Dabigatran was prescribed, only one patient had a recurrent pulmonary embolism due to low adherence to treatment. In other patients who were prescribed direct oral anticoagulants, no recurrence of thrombotic complications was recorded. No hemorrhagic complications were diagnosed with the use of Dabigatran and Apixaban. In 5 patients receiving Rivaroxaban, there were minor epistaxis; in three cases they stopped when the dose was reduced from 20 to 15-10 mg, two patients were transferred to dabigatran. No life-threatening bleeding has been reported.

Conclusion. Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban and Apixaban are effective and safe drugs for antithrombotic therapy. The absence of the need for constant laboratory monitoring and extremely rare hemorrhagic complications makes it possible to use them in patients living in areas remote from large medical centers. Only 10 patients under our supervision with a diagnosis of “hematogenous thrombophilia” are currently taking warfarin. Timely diagnosis of the variant of hematogenous thrombophilia and the appointment of adequate anti-thrombotic therapy contributes to the relapse-free course of the disease.
Prospects for personalized rehabilitative medicine
Authors: Antonyuk M. V. , Yubitskaya N. S. , Gvozdenko T. A. , Lebedev S. V.
Published: April 2021

A personalized approach, taking into account the genotype and individual characteristics of the patient, provides great opportunities for more effective prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The review is focused on the main directions of personalized medicine. Prospects for the development of personalized rehabilitative medicine, including the use of non-drug methods, are described. Studies showing the influence of physical factors on the genome are discussed. It has been shown that the effects of physiotherapeutic factors are genetically determined. Advances in the field of physiogenetics indicate the need for developing and implementing personalized rehabilitative technologies.
Some topical aspects of the problem of "athlete’s heart" (review). Part II
Authors: Vakhnenko Yu. V. , Dorovskikh I. E. , Gordienko E. N. , Chernykh M. A.
Published: April 2021

Electrocardiography occupies a special place among a significant list of other methods for diagnosing the pathology of the cardiovascular system of athletes. Often its results differ significantly from those in the general population, being a consequence of the adaptation of the heart to economical functioning at rest and super-intensive work in training and competitions. This review focuses on the features of the “athlete’s electrocardiogram (ECG)”. in particular, those changes that are not a reason for removing athletes from physical activity, but in combination with known factors can lead to more serious changes up to sudden cardiac death. Fatal rhythm disorders in athletes are described, possible in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, syndrome of ion channel pathology, arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle, etc. Particular attention is paid to arrhythmia due to connective tissue dysplasia syndrome. Knowledge of these issues is necessary to choose the right tactics for an athlete with changes to the electrocardiogram and in the protocol of daily Holter monitoring of the electrocardiogram, and a doctor related to sports medicine should be aware of the features of “electrophysiological remodeling” of the athlete’s heart, normal and pathological “sports electrocardiogram”, about conditions accompanied with the development of serious rhythm disorders and algorithms for examining the cardiovascular system of the athlete.
The Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration" is 40 years old
Authors: Manakov L. G.
Published: April 2021

The analysis of the history of creation and development of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration”, its contribution to the results of research work of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the effectiveness of medical activities of healthcare institutions in the Far East region.
Lung function in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Chernyak A. V. , Makarova M. A. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: April 2021

Aim. To assess the functional parameters of the respiratory system and their impact on the survival of patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

Materials and methods. A study of lung function (spirometry, bodyplethysmography, diffusion test) was carried out in 131 patients with LAM (mean age 41±10 years), who were under observation and treatment in medical institutions in Moscow (Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute, Sechenov University, Moscow City Clinical Hospital named after D.D.Pletnev). The diagnosis of the disease was made based on the diagnostic criteria for LAM, formulated by a group of experts at the initiative of the European Respiratory Society in the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of LAM.

Results. The mean VC value was 95±25% pred., FEV1 /VC − 56±20%, FEV1 − 64±31% pred., DLCO − 49±24% pred. DLCO, FEV1 /VC, FEV1 and VC were reduced in 87, 76, 70 and 27% of patients, respectively. The obstructive ventilatory defect was detected in the overwhelming majority of cases − in 75%, restrictive ventilatory defect − in 4 patients, mixed defect − in 1 patient. In 28 (21%) patients, there were no pulmonary ventilation disorders. The Cox regression model showed that baseline DLCO and FEV1 are the main factors determining the risk of death.

Conclusion. In patients with LAM, the obstructive ventilatory defect predominates, the restrictive ventilatory defect is quite rare. The lung diffusion capacity is reduced in 87% of patients with LAM. Parameters of lung function are closely related to survival.
Epidemiological features of laryngeal cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Gordienko V. P. , Yanushevsky K. V. , Ekonia D. T.
Published: April 2021

Aim. A scientific assessment of the main indicators of morbidity and mortality of the population from laryngeal cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District over the past ten years (2009-2019).

Materials and methods. In the process of work, indicators of morbidity and mortality, reporting forms of statistical registration of oncological patients and regulatory documents of higher organizations, information on ten-year observations on the dynamics of changes in digital values of the investigated pathology were used.

Results. The main data on morbidity and mortality of patients with laryngeal cancer are given in the Far Eastern Federal District, where 2019 new cases of malignant neoplasms were registered in 34152, which is 8.5% more than ten years ago. There were 2171 patients with laryngeal cancer under outpatient observation, i.e. 26.5% per 100.000 population in the region. In the structure of primary morbidity and total mortality among all departments of the respiratory system, laryngeal cancer ranked second after malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi and lung. During the study period, the number of patients with advanced forms of the disease increased with a simultaneous decrease in the number of patients with stages I and II of the oncological process. Over the past ten years, the incidence of disease has increased more significantly in the female population. The percentage of actively identified patients during this time increased by several orders of magnitude, with a simultaneous increase in the index of the accumulation of populations of patients with laryngeal cancer. Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis was lower than the Russian average. The proportion of patients registered for five years or more did not reach the average republican values. Lethality in the first year since the diagnosis was established was characterized by dynamically decreasing digital values, despite the increase in the number of neglected cases, which can be explained by the high level of modern methods of treatment.

Conclusion. Against the background of the increasing absolute number of patients with malignancies in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2019, there was a decrease in standardized indicators (world standard) of morbidity and mortality from laryngeal cancer in the male population, with an increase in the number of women who fell ill and died from this pathology.
The study of efficacy of soy-pumpkin products in the diet of healthy people for prevention of acute respiratory infections
Authors: Prikhodko A. G. , Statsenko E. S. , Borodin E. A. , Oshur L. Yu. , Kolosov A. V. , Odireev A. N. , Perelman J. M.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Hypoalimentation with the formation of protein-energy malnutrition can reduce the body’s resistance to acute respiratory infections (ARI). Soy and pumpkin can be a promising source of normalization of the diet.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of the use of soybean-pumpkin products in the diet of healthy people to increase the resistance of the human body to ARI.

Materials and methods. An open, randomized, parallel group study was conducted. Group 1 included 18 people who took a soy-pumpkin drink and dessert for 10 weeks in addition to their usual diet. Group 2 included 17 people on a regular diet. The concentration of vitamin E, cholesterol, α- and β-lipoproteins was determined in blood serum. Diene conjugates and unoxidized lipids were determined in the expired air condensate (EAC) by means of spectrophotometry. Lung function was assessed using spirometry.

Results. According to the questionnaire survey, 50% of the participants in group 1 registered a positive dynamics from the regular use of soybean-pumpkin products. Only one participant underwent ARI. In the 2nd group, 7 people (41%) applied for medical help (χ2=4.43; p˂0.05), of which 6 (35%) had ARIs. At the end of the observation, an increase in vitamin E (from 34.1±0.68 to 36.4±0.55 μg/mL, p=0.0036), a decrease in total cholesterol (from 4.85±0.23 to 4.32±0.14 mmol/L, p=0.0013) and β-lipoproteins (from 2.92±0.24 to 2.31±0.18 mmol/L, p=0.0003). At the beginning of the study, in individuals of group 1, there was a relationship between age and the concentration of total cholesterol (r=0.50; p=0.036) and β-lipoproteins (r=0.47; p=0.048), as well as the weight and level of α-lipoproteins (r=-0.49; p=0.041), the concentration of unoxidized lipids (r=0.55; p=0.02), diene conjugates (r=0.48; p=0.043) in EAC. After regular use of soybean-pumpkin products, this correlation dependence was lost.

Conclusion. Regular use of soy-pumpkin products for 10 weeks has a beneficial effect on the lipid profile of the blood, increases antioxidant defence, and reduces the susceptibility of a healthy person to ARI.
Influence of cytomegalovirus infection on nucleoside diphosphatase activity in placenta
Authors: Dovzhikova I. V. , Andrievskaya I. A. , Ishutina N. A. , Dorofienko N. N. , Gorikov I. N.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) makes a significant contribution to the development of pregnancy pathologies, including dysfunction of the placenta. However, the mechanism of such an effect of CMV has not been precisely established. For the coordination of biochemical reactions in the placenta, an optimal concentration of substances, including nucleotides, is required. Nucleoside diphosphatase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleotide diphosphates to nucleotide and phosphate.

Aim. Determination of the activity of nucleoside diphosphatase in the placenta in physiological and complicated CMVI reactivation in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Materials and methods. A study of 62 placentas obtained during childbirth at 38-40 weeks was carried out. The first group consisted of the placentas from women with CMVI reactivation in the third trimester of pregnancy and the second – the placenta of women without a history of infectious pathology. Diagnosis of CMVI was carried out by determining antibodies of class M and G by ELISA, as well as CMV DNA was detected by PCR. Histochemical analysis of nucleoside diphosphatase was performed according to the method of A.B.Novikoff and D.S.Goldfischer modified by Z.Lojda et al.

Results. In the second group, the placenta nucleoside-diphosphatase had a pronounced activity in the syncytiotrophoblast and the connective tissue stroma of the villi. When CMVI was reactivated in the third trimester of pregnancy, a decrease in the intensity of the histochemical reaction to nucleoside-diphosphatase was found: the cytophotometric index in the first group significantly (p<0.001) decreased to 13.06±0.089 rel. units (in the second group it was 14.11±0.119 relative units).

Conclusion. The decrease in the activity of nucleoside diphosphatase found during the reactivation of CMVI in the third trimester of pregnancy might indicate a decrease in nucleotide metabolism in the placenta. In our opinion, the study of enzymes involved in the exchange of nucleotides will help to reveal the mechanisms by which CMV causes disturbances in the functioning of the placenta, leading to the development of complications of pregnancy.
Phospholipid profiles and annexin V content in villous chorion from women with spontaneous miscarriage associated with cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Ishutina N. A. , Andrievskaya I. A. , Prikhodko N. G.
Published: April 2021

Aim. To carry out a comparative analysis of the phospholipid profiles and annexin V content in the villous chorion obtained from women with spontaneous abortion associated with exacerbation of cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) and the physiological course of pregnancy.

Materials and methods. 66 patients were randomly selected at a gestational age of 6-8 weeks. A control group was identified in the amount of 32 healthy pregnant women with medical abortion. The main study group consisted of 34 women with spontaneous abortion associated with exacerbation of cytomegalovirus CMVI. The material for the study was the villous chorion, peripheral blood and urine. Type-specific antibodies to CMV immunoglobulins M and G class and the avidity index were determined in blood serum by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lipids in the villous chorion homogenate were extracted with a chloroform-methanol mixture, phospholipids were fractionated by thin layer chromatography. The quantitative determination of annexin V was carried out by the method of enzyme immunoassay.

Results. The phospholipid profile of the villous chorion in the main group was characterized by a decrease in the fraction of phosphatidylcholine to 22,39±0,04% (control group – 28,50±0,052%; p<0,001), phosphatidylethanolamine to 27,63±0,011% (control group – 30,11±0,073%; p<0,001), phosphatidylinositol up to 14,24±0,021% (control group – 16,17±0,018%; p<0,001), an increase in lysophosphatidylcholine up to 2,25±0,032% (control group – 1,07±0,022%; p<0,001), phosphatidylserine up to 14,57±0,075% (control group – 10,02±0,012%; p<0,001), sphingomyelin up to 18,92±0,012% (control group – 14,13±0,012%; p<0,001). At the same time, an increase in the content of annexin V was revealed up to 43,12±0,50 U/mL (control group – 20,21±0,50 U/mL; p<0,001).

Conclusion. The results of the study showed that in the villous chorion from women with spontaneous abortion associated with exacerbation of CMVI, there was a change in the profile and ratio of phospholipids, as well as in the concentration of annexin V. The established increase in the content of phosphatidylserine and the associated annexin V in the villous chorion indicates a violation of the hemostatic system and microcirculation due to increased thrombus formation, which supports local inflammation and apoptosis of the trophoblast, which leads to embryonic demise and spontaneous abortion.
To the question of reforming the classification of thoracic sarcoidosis
Authors: Lenshin A. V. , Ignat’eva E. A. , Il’in A. V. , Perelman J. M.
Published: April 2021

Since the beginning of the 50s of the last century, numerous classifications of sarcoidosis have been proposed, which to one degree or another satisfied specialists at certain stages of the development of medical technologies. Currently, sarcoidosis of the respiratory system is divided into five stages (from 0 to IV) based on the results of chest Xray examination. Active introduction into clinical practice of computed tomography and its more advanced version – lowdose multislice computed tomography (MSCT) – allows to carry out an effective diagnosis of sarcoidosis, including in outpatient practice, as well as when performing active screening and dynamic monitoring of the course of the disease. On the basis of the studies which were carried out, the dissonance between the progress in technology (from X-ray pattern to MSCT) and the stagnation of the conceptual issues of the classification of sarcoidosis is discussed, which urgently requires its reforming. Firstly, the category of patients with concomitant lesions of the intrathoracic lymph nodes (ITLN) and parenchyma (stage II) has sharply increased, which reflects the increased technological level of radiological diagnostics. As a result, the percentage of stages with isolated lymph node involvement (stage I) and isolated dissemination of the parenchyma (stage III) decreased. The classification based on MSCT data allows to more accurately determine the severity of the disease. This is of therapeutic and prognostic importance, since most patients of stage I generally do not need treatment, while symptomatic stage II requires hormone therapy. One should also take into account the possibility of spontaneous remission, which is observed more often in stage I. The main conclusion is that at present day the principle of staging in the classification of sarcoidosis can no longer satisfy the realities of modern clinics. It is more correct to single out the clinical and radiological forms of sarcoidosis: sarcoidosis of the ITLN, sarcoidosis of the ITLN and lungs, sarcoidosis of the lungs, as well as sarcoidosis of the respiratory system, combined with a single lesion of other organs.
Predicting intrauterine infection risk in newborns based on morphometric parameters of placental terminal villi
Authors: Ostrovskaya О. V. , Suprun S. V. , Kozharskaya O. V. , Musatov D. V. , Ivakhnishina N. M. , Nagovitsyna E. B. , Vlasova M. A.
Published: April 2021

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic value of micromorphometry of placental terminal villi for early diagnosis of intrauterine infections in newborns.

Materials and methods. A molecular genetic and micromorphometric study of 34 placentas obtained from women whose pregnancy ended in preterm labor at 30-36 weeks and 46 placentas of persons who gave birth to full-term babies was performed. In samples of placental tissue, the polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the genome of the following pathogens of intrauterine infections:Mycoplasma hominis,Mycoplasma genitalium,Ureaplasma species(Ureaplasma urealyticum+Ureaplasma parvum),Chlamydia trachomatis,Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus pyogenes,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenza,Listeria monocytogenes,Cytomegalovirus,Herpes simplex virus,Human herpes virus 4 type,Human herpes virus 6 type,Parvovirus B19. Morphometry was performed using an image analysis system on a Carl Zeiss microscope and Axio Imager software. An average number of capillaries in the terminal villi and the distance from the capillaries to the syncytiotrophoblast were calculated.

Results. The genome of intrauterine infection pathogens was detected in 55.9% of placentas from preterm birth, including DNA ofUreaplasma species– 29.4%,Mycoplasma hominis– 23.5%,Mycoplasma genitalium– 5.9%,Streptococcus agalactiae– 11.7%,Cytomegalovirus– 5.9%,Human herpes virus 4 type– 14.8% as a part of mono- and co-infections. In full-term pregnancy, the infection of the placentas was found to be 3.4 times less – 16.3% (p<0.0002). In monoinfections, DNA ofUreaplasma species– 4.6%,Mycoplasma hominis– 6.9%,Streptococcus agalactiae– 2.3%,Human herpes virus 4 type– 2.3% were detected. An average number of capillaries (abs. value) in the terminal villi of infected placentas, both at full-term (5.35±1.07) and premature (3.97±0.19) pregnancies, proved to be significantly less than in uninfected placentas (5.74±0.05 and 4.63±0.28), respectively. An average distance from the capillaries (µm) of the terminal villi to the syncytiotrophoblast in infected placentas both at full-term (1.62±0.15) and premature pregnancies (2.20±0.2) proved to be significantly greater than in uninfected placentas (1.02±0.03 and 1.72±0.14, respectively).

Conclusion. Comparison of the morphometric parameters of terminal villi in the examined placenta with an average rate of infected and uninfected placentas of full-term and premature pregnancies makes it possible to predict the risk of intrauterine infection in a newborn.
Karakteristik Fisik dan Sensoris Kemplang Asap Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) dengan Penambahan Asap Cair
Authors: Herpandi Herpandi , Rinto Rinto , Widiastuti Indah , Ridhowati Sherly , Wulandari Wulandari , Pitayati Puspa Ayu , Putri Eklin Meinatsya
Published: April 2021

Crackers is a product made through a roasting process. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of liquid smoke on the physical and sensory characteristics of snakehead fish crackers (Channa striata). This research method used a randomized block design (RBD) with one treatment factor and was carried out with 3 replications. The treatment used was the difference in the concentration of liquid smoke (0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%). The stages of this research include physical analysis (crispness) and sensory analysis (appearance, aroma, taste, and texture). The results showed that the treatment of different concentrations of liquid smoke had no significant effect on crispness (525.67 gf-580.67 gf). The results of sensory analysis showed that the treatment of different concentrations had a significant effect on appearance, aroma and taste, but had no significant effect on the texture of kemplang. The best treatment of this research is the A1 treatment with a liquid smoke concentration of 2.5%.
Kualitas Kolagen Gelembung Renang Ikan Gulamah (Johnius trachycephalus) Dari Perairan Pesisir Kota Tarakan
Authors: Imra Imra , Abdiani Ira Maya , Fadnan Mohammad , Tiara Tiara , Maulana Achmad , Rakim Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Gulamah fish is a bycatch that is commonly found in the waters of the City of Tarakan. Gulamah fish in Tarakan City is processed into salted fish which produces offal waste and swimming bubbles. Swimming bubbles are known to have high collagen content. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the length relationship between fish weight and swim bladder as well as the collagen characteristics of the gulamah swim bladder. The research was conducted in 2 stages, namely the length-weight analysis stage with swimming bubbles, and the second stage, namely the extraction and characterization of collagen from the swimming bladder of gulamah fish. The relationship between fish length and weight is a positive allometric, while the relationship between fish length and fish weight and swimming bladder of fish is a negative allometry. The physical chemical parameters of collagen obtained water content values of 29.28% - 29.30%, protein 2.86% - 2.88%, fat 9.53% - 9.55% and viscosity 11.5 ?sp.Gulamah fish is a bycatch that is commonly found in the waters of the City of Tarakan. Gulamah fish in Tarakan City is processed into salted fish which produces offal waste and swimming bubbles. Swimming bubbles are known to have high collagen content. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the length relationship between fish weight and swim bladder as well as the collagen characteristics of the gulamah swim bladder. The research was conducted in 2 stages, namely the length-weight analysis stage with swimming bubbles, and the second stage, namely the extraction and characterization of collagen from the swimming bladder of gulamah fish. The relationship between fish length and weight is a positive allometric, while the relationship between fish length and fish weight and swimming bladder of fish is a negative allometry. The physical chemical parameters of collagen obtained water content values of 29.28% - 29.30%, protein 2.86% - 2.88%, fat 9.53% - 9.55% and viscosity 11.5 ?sp.
Desain Pangan Instan Gizi Khusus Lansia Berbasis Binte Biluhuta Diperkaya Nanomineral Tulang Ikan
Authors: Riyanto Bambang , Trilaksani Wini , Aulia Azzahra Vegatarani
Published: April 2021

Various instant foods for the elderly began to be developed. Binte biluhuta is an indigenous nusantara soup from Gorontalo with the main ingredient are corn and skipjack. The unique characteristic of soup is potential became special food that can be served for elderly, how ever the calcium content that is very low and the presence of oxalic acid still being abstacle. Fish bone was a natural source of calcium. The research objectives were to design special nutrient instant food for elderly based on binte biluhuta indigenous food from Gorontalo enriched with fish bone nanomineral. The research included calcination of fish bones at a temperature of 600 ?C for 6 hours and reduced the size with nanomilling became nanomineral. Binte biluhuta cream soup was designed according to the Recommended daily intake (RDI) of the elderly. Characteristics quality was determined in order to develop microwave cooking. Particle size of nanomineral catfish bone was 70-100 nm, white color and contained 852000 ± 15.08 mg/Kg calcium, phosphorus 146300 ± 43.89 mg/Kg and magnesium 4410 ± 0.44 mg/Kg. Binte biluhuta instant cream soup with rasio of corn and fish 15: 1 served using microwave cooking and fortified 0.84 g nanomineral fish bone from 30 g binte biluhuta instant cream soup, contained 57470.39 ± 57.87 mg/Kg amino acids and 1.08 ± 0.06 mg/Kg oxalic acid. Binte biluhuta instant cream soup as much 30 g can fulfilled the needs of elderly calcium 51.47% and energy 88.65 Kcal.
INDONESIAN LANGUAGE EDUCATION POLICY IN RELATION TO THE NATIONAL EDUCATION GOALS: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mayasari Santi
Published: April 2021

Education plays an important role for the quality of human’s life. Education is a process of accommodating learners to develop their potential based on the talent and ability they have. Through this process, individuals will have a better personality, IQ, manner, religious belief. Indonesian language in an education setting supports the process of gaining knowledge because this is considered as a carrier of knowledge, a means of communicating ideas, thought, and feeling, and a means of increasing nationality among individuals whole over Indonesia. By having this, Indonesian language education policy is considered as a means of gaining national education goals. However, the role of stakeholders and society is undeniable. They can protect and develop the position of Indonesian language and they can accommodate the attainment of national education goals.Key Words: Education, Indonesian Language, Policy, National Education Goals, Stakeholders
IMPROVING NARRATIVE WRITING ACHIEVEMENT OF THE TENTH GRADERS OF SMA NEGERI UNGGUL 4 PALEMBANG
Authors: Putra Muhammad Irwansyah , Erlina Erlina , Suganda Lingga Agustina
Published: April 2021

The objectives of this study were to find out whether or not (1) there was any significant difference in narrative writing achievement between before and after the tenth graders of SMA Negeri Unggul 4 Palembang were taught by using POW+WWW W=2 H=2 strategy and (2) there was any significant difference in narrative writing achievement between the students who were taught by using POW+WWW W=2 H=2 strategy and the those who were not. The sample of this study was tenth graders of SMA Unggul Negeri 4 Palembang chosen by using convenience sampling method. There were two groups, namely experimental group and control group. To collect the data, pre-test and post-test were given. The data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test in SPSS version 22. The results of paired sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference in narrative writing achievement between before and after the tenth graders of SMA Negeri Unggul 4 Palembang were taught by using POW+WWW W=2 H=2 strategy as the r-value was lower than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). The results of independent sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference in narrative writing achievement between the students who were taught by using POW+WWW W=2 H=2 strategy and those who were not as the r-value was lower than 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). In conclusion, using POW+WWW W=2 H=2 Strategy is effective to improve narrative writing achievement of the tenth graders of SMA Unggul Negeri 4 Palembang.