bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Perceptions of Trust in Data Infrastructures
Authors: Flicker Katharina , Rauber Andreas , Kern Bettina , Ekaputra Fajar J.
Published: May 2024

Trust is an essential pre-condition for the acceptance of digital infrastructures and services. Transparency has been identified as one mechanism for increasing trustworthiness. Yet, it is difficult to assess to which extent and how exactly different aspects of transparency contribute to trust, or potentially impede it in cases of overwhelming complexity of the information provided. To address these issues, we performed two initial studies to help determining the factors that influence or have impact on trust, focusing on transparency across a range of elements associated with data, data infrastructures and virtual research environments. On one hand, we performed a survey among IT experts in the field of data science focusing on quality aspects in the context of re-using and sharing open source software, assessing issues such as the need for documentation, test cases, and accountability. On the other hand, we complemented this with a set of semi-structured interviews with senior researchers to address specific issues of the degree of transparency achievable with different approaches. They include, for example, the amount of transparency we can achieve with approaches from explainable AI, or the usefulness and limitations of data provenance in determining the suitability of data for reuse and others. Specifically, we consider mechanisms on three levels, i.e. technical, process-oriented as well as social mechanisms. Starting from attributes of trust in the “analogue world”, we aim to understand which of these can be applied in the digital world, how they differ, and what additional mechanisms need to be established, in order to support trust in complex socio-technological processes and their emergent results when the traditional approaches cannot be applied anymore.
Between Reality and Imagination an in-depth Analysis of Dreams
Authors: Bharati Nikita Vijay
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Dreams have intrigued and fascinated humans for centuries, serving as a unique window into the human mind.It revolves around understanding how thehuman mind navigates the complex interplay between the real world and imaginative constructs within the realm ofdreams. Dreams are a unique psychological phenomenon where individuals experience a wide array of scenarios, emotions, and situations that often blur the boundaries between what isreal and what is a product of the imagination. This research paper exploresthe multifaceted nature of dreams, aimingto delve into the biological, psychological, and cultural dimensions of this phenomenon. By examining the historicalsignificance, the science of dreaming, Freudian and Jungian dream theories, contemporary perspectives, and cultural variations, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of dreams and their importance in understanding humanconsciousness.
Self Parking Car
Authors: Deokar Swaroop
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The use of vehicles has increased and results in creating parking issues. This research tackles the pressing need for improved urban parking efficiency and reduced human intervention through the exploration of self-parking cars. In this project, utilizing advanced sensor technologies and refined control strategies, has significantly enhanced accuracy, speed and adaptability in parking procedure, offering sensible solutions to urban challenges like traffic congestion and limited parking accessibility. In our self-parking car project, we use four motors to regulate movement, an Arduino processing unit to make decisions, and two ultrasonic sensors to identify obstacles. The motors allow for accurate vehicle movement, and the processing unit interprets sensor data and controls motor movements. Ultrasonic sensors identify obstacles, allowing the car to drive and park itself. This integration provides safe and efficient self-parking capability. While our work lays a solid foundation, ongoing research is advocated to fully unlock and integrate the transformative potential of self-parking cars into urban environments, addressing contemporary mobility issues. Sure, here's a simplified version. Continuously exploring and improving this technology is really important. It helps make sure that self-parking cars become a normal part of how we get around cities, which can change how we plan and move in the future.
Reliable Examination Management System
Authors: Patil Dr. Anita S , Krishna C Binu , V Bharath Raj R , Kushal  , H Nikhil Kumar T
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Faculty and staff members must perform invigilation duties as a prerequisite for conducting examinations, such as exams in universities. The preparation of an invigilation duty list is a laborious task in educational organizations, exam authorities, etc. It becomes more complex when more invigilators are involved for examinations scheduled daily in two or more shifts for a greater number of days. Here, we have discussed the development of a system that can generate an invigilation duty list for any type of examination. This automated system will take some required data, like staff lists, exam dates, and the number of invigilators on the days, as input and produce an invigilation duty list based on fed data. It can be useful with this approach, one may cut down on the time wasted creating the invigilation duty list by hand in any organization, including universities and institutes where exams are held.
DelayDetect: Pre-takeoff Delay Anticipation
Authors: Magesh Aswin
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Flight delays pose significant challenges to both passengers and airlines, leading to inconvenience, financial losses, and operational disruptions. A comprehensive system is introduced to address the issue of airline flight delays through the application of machine learning models. Leveraging comprehensive datasets encompassing historical flight records, meteorological data, airport congestion patterns and other variables, this model aims to construct predictive models capable of accurately forecasting the probability of flight delays. Various machine learning methodologies including random forests and regression models, are systematically examined in this predictive task. Performance evaluation is conducted employing established metrics such as accuracy and precision. In conclusion, flight delay anticipation is a valuable tool that can revolutionize the aviation industry by minimizing disruptions, reducing costs, and increasing passenger satisfaction.
Stress Detection in IT Professionals Using Machine Learning
Authors: S Induja , R Pavan Kumar G , Mary Rita , V Rama Dhananjaya
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In today's fast-paced technology landscape, stress management. The work environment in the IT field is often characterized by long hrs, and high expectations, which can leading to elevated stress levels. Unchecked stress not only impacts the health and well-being of professionals but also affects in job satisfaction. This study aims to predicting the stress levels of IT professionals using machine learning techniques, thereby aiding in proactive stress management. We utilize a range of features indicative of work stress, including Heart Rate, Skin Conductivity, Hours Worked, Number of Emails Sent, and Meetings Attended. These features provide a physiological and work-related factors that contribute to stress. The application of [ML] in this context serves as an innovative approach to an increasingly pertinent issue. By leveraging the power of data analytics, this model aims to organizations. Individuals we can use for self-monitoring and early intervention, while organizations can utilize them to identify high-stress environments or roles, thereby allocating resources or interventions more effectively. Our preliminary results indicate a strong correlation between the chosen features and stress levels, demonstrating the viability of using ml for stress prediction in IT professionals. This study stands as a crucial step towards a more data-driven approach to mental health condition
Deep Learning Enabled Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis Using Retinal Fundus Images
Authors: S Harini
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This paper pivots on (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Early detection and effective management are crucial in preventing damage to the retina. In recent years, (DL) techniques have shown promise in aiding the DR. This paper aims to investigate the diagnosis of using (CNNs) for automated DR screening. The study utilized a available patient dataset of retinal images to train and testing CNN model for DR detection and classification. Results showed that given (DL) techniques achieved with accurately in both tasks, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. The findings suggest the (DL) algorithms can aid in the early detection and management of DR, potentially reducing the burden of the condition on healthcare systems and improving patient outcomes
Comprehensive Review on Polymers Used in Insitu Gelling System
Authors: Khairnar Ms. Rajeshwari G.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In situ gelling formulations are drug delivery systems which typically exist in a liquid form at room temperature and change into gel state after application to the body in response to various stimuli such as changes in temperature, pH and ionic composition.[1] In situ gels have become one of the most prominent and accessible systems. These systems have several advantages like simple manufacturing, easy to use, improved adherence, and patient comfort by minimizing drug administration frequency by its unique characteristic features of sol to gel transition. In the 'sol-gel' method, the precursor goes through hydrolysis and polymerization or condensation to produce a colloidal suspension or solution. As they can administer in solution form, these in situ gelling systems undergo gelation at the achievement site. Some researchers recently developed in situ gelling systems of liposomes, microspheres, nanoemulsions, nanospheres, etc. This review mainly focused on the introduction, advantages, disadvantages, types of polymers, and suitable characteristics for preparing in situ gels.
Life Integrate: Unify Your Life, Simplify Your Success
Authors: Taiwade Himanshu V. , Barde Mamta , Khadke Shreyas , Kurve Yash , Kullarkar Yash , Ukey Himanshu
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Efficient management and organization of personal and commercial data is critical for reducing stress and increasing productivity in the fast-paced digital environment we live in. An inventive smartphone software called "Life Integrate" attempts to meet this requirement by effectively managing duties and merging different facets of life. The project aims to mimic the effectiveness of an AI personal assistant by bridging the gap between contemporary lives and efficient organizing. The software smoothly distinguishes between personal and professional data by utilizing technologies like machine learning and natural language processing, which improves the user experience and efficiency. One to three clicks can easily share data with the app, which adds to its effectiveness and user-friendliness. Aiming to streamline processes, key features include real-time editing, interactive chats, speech-activated assistants, and contextual awareness. The project's emphasis on developing a personal bot that excels at data collection and generates intelligent ideas based on collected data exemplifies an intriguing combination of customization and artificial intelligence. With its 13 primary sub-tabs and extensive questionnaires for storing both personal and professional data, the app offers an approach to organization and management that is user-centric. Effective app development and deployment are ensured by the use of the Flutter and Dart platforms. In general, "Life Integrate" seeks to transform the information landscape, making it easier to acquire and use, and facilitating more enjoyable interactions between humans and machines. With this project, we hope to create a future in which people can easily incorporate technology into their daily lives, increasing productivity and lowering stress levels
The Social Skills of Homeschooler: A Case Study Exploring the Perception of Religiously Minded Muslim Parents in Jakarta
Authors: Bahri Syahril Budiman , Yahya Al-Hidabi Dawood Abdulmalek , Nik Abdullah Nik Md. Saiful Azizi , Kartika Betania
Published: May 2024

The issue of social skills is always at the centre of the homeschooling discussion. Many studies have been carried out on homeschooled children’s social skills, but very little research has attempted to explore homeschooled children’s social skills from the perspective of both the homeschooling father and the homeschooling mother, especially those who are religiously minded Muslims. This paper highlighted the perspectives of religiously minded Muslim homeschooling parents on their children’s social skills. The researchers used a case study approach in a qualitative research design. A homeschooling father and a homeschooling mother were both purposefully chosen as informants. Individual interviews were conducted with both informants. To analyse the data, the researchers employed thematic analysis. Several themes emerged from the research. The findings revealed that the social skills of homeschooled children are the capacity to adapt to society, the ability to establish relationships, and the competence to manage disagreements. Moreover, the goal of social skills is to build harmony by achieving Allah's pleasure, followed by gaining people's pleasure.
Medioambiente y divulgación de la ciencia
Authors: Massarani Luisa , Nepote Ana Claudia , Cortassa Carina , Marandino Martha , Herrera Susana
Published: May 2024

La dimensión ambiental atraviesa distintos aspectos vinculados con la salud, la biodiversidad, el bienestar y la sostenibilidad de la vida humana como de la no humana. Aunque estas se manifiestan en varias regiones del mundo, América Latina ha sido particularmente afectada. En este contexto, la divulgación de la ciencia se hace aún más necesaria, pero también desafiante. Fue este contexto el que nos motivó a hacer la convocatoria para este número especial de JCOM América Latina sobre medioambiente y divulgación de la ciencia, el cual presentamos en este editorial.
QUEIMADAS: CONTEXTUALIZANDO O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA E A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Lourenço Taynara Bonfim Riquiere , Amaral Fabiano Pereira do
Published: May 2024

A contextualização no Ensino de Química apresenta relevantes contribuições para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem por aproximar os conceitos químicos do cotidiano e da realidade do aluno. Essa contextualização pode ser trabalhada por meio de questões ambientais, em associação com a Educação Ambiental, de modo a promover também a conscientização dos alunos para a preservação do meio ambiente. Desta forma, este estudo se baseia em uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da Educação Ambiental e Ensino Contextualizado em documentos e práticas educacionais no ensino de Química. Objetivou-se apresentar como a Educação Ambiental está relacionada ao ensino de Química em documentos e trabalhos científicos, visando identificar a contextualização por meio da abordagem do tema das queimadas. Para isso, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando por artigos científicos, e trabalhos acadêmicos em bases de dados como Google Acadêmico, Portal de Periódicos CAPES e Catálogo de Teses e Dissertação, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave: educação ambiental, ensino de química, ensino de ciências, contextualização e queimadas. Foram selecionados estudos que abordavam o tema das queimadas como enfoque para contextualização no ensino de Ciências e ensino de Química, sendo encontrados 6 e 4, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a temática Queimadas já vem sendo abordada em trabalhos acadêmicos, no entanto, devido à importância dessa questão ambiental, ainda se faz necessário mais discussões e trabalhos voltados para a abordagem do tema para o ensino.
Problem-Based Learning and Flipped Classroom: Can it Improve Student Achievement?
Authors: Mardiyah Lutfiyati , Sunarsi Anis
Published: May 2024

The low learning achievement of students is still a problem in the world of education. The application of learning models by less innovative teachers is the main problem. This study aims to examine: (1) the difference in the effect of the combined learning model of Problem-Based Learning with Flipped Classroom and the Problem-Based Learning learning model on student achievement; (2) differences in the effect of academic ability on student achievement; and (3) the effect of the interaction between learning models and academic abilities on student achievement. The sampling technique used a cluster random sampling system. The instrument used was a test which includes a pretest and posttest which functions to determine the level of students' critical thinking skills and academic abilities. This study used an experimental method with a 2x2 factorial design so that four learning groups were formed. The data analysis technique used the Two-Way ANOVA test with unequal cell frequencies. The results of the study show that: (1) there were differences in the effect of the combined learning model of Problem-Based Learning with Flipped Classroom and Problem-Based Learning learning models on student achievement; (2) there were differences in the effect of academic ability on student achievement; and (3) there was no interaction effect between learning models and academic abilities on student achievement. This research is expected to be able to overcome the problem of low student achievement through the application of innovative learning models that can develop students' academic abilities.
Learning Number Patterns in Middle School: A Lesson Study Activity Based on Didactical Design Research
Authors: Isnawan Muhamad Galang , Alsulami Naif Mastoor , Bonyah Ebenezer , Dejarlo Jenisus O. , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: May 2024

Number patterns were one of the mathematical concepts that were studied in junior high school. This concept was useful, but students tended to experience problems when learning it. Quite a lot of research has studied number patterns, but not many have attempted to study alternative solutions to optimize problem-solving abilities and learning motivation, especially using lesson study activities based on didactical design research. Therefore, this research aimed to optimize students’ problem-solving abilities and learning motivation with the preparation of didactic designs through lesson study activities. This research was conducted at a private junior high school in Mataram, Indonesia. Participants in this research were ten class VIII students (six boys and four girls). The researcher was the main instrument, with several additional instruments, such as learning design, observation sheets on problem-solving abilities and learning motivation, as well as documentation studies. The data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis. The research results revealed that the number pattern learning design was able to optimize problem-solving abilities and student learning motivation. Several factors that caused these positive results were the existence of contextual problems as trigger situations in learning and learning activities adapted to students’ hobbies. The recommendation from this research was that learning design should be prepared using didactical design research based on lesson study.
Students' ‘Looking Back’ in Solving Algebraic Word Problems
Authors: Iilonga Hesekiel K. , Ogbonnaya Ugorji
Published: May 2024

Solving mathematics problems is a complex cognitive process that involves a series of steps. These steps typically include understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back (checking the solution). While each of these steps is crucial, the ‘looking back’ step has not received much attention in mathematics education research. This study investigated Grade 10 mathematics students’ looking back in solving algebraic word problems in Namibia. The study followed a qualitative approach. The sample of the study was 351 Grade 10 students from ten secondary schools in the Ohangwena Region in Namibia. Data was collected using the Algebra Word problem-solving Achievement Test and Interview. The results show that, in general, the students did not look back on their solutions to the algebraic word problem. While some students indicated that looking back necessitates the consolidation of their work, others said looking back on their solutions could be time-wasting and confusing. These findings point to the need for mathematics teachers in Namibia to incorporate and model the looking-back step of mathematical problem-solving in their mathematics teaching.
Analisis Berpikir Kritis Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah Aljabar Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar Visual
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Huda Nizlel , Maison Maison
Published: May 2024

Ketidakmampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam memecahkan masalah aljabar tercermin dari siswa yang sering mengandalkan rumus tanpa pemahaman mendalam tentang konsep dasar aljabar. Siswa kesulitan menganalisis masalah dan menemukan strategi yang tepat sebelum menyelesaikannya, serta cenderung terpaku pada satu pendekatan solusi tanpa mengeksplorasi alternatif solusi secara kritis. Berpikir kritis menjadi keterampilan penting dalam pembelajaran abad ke-21 untuk menemukan kebenaran dan membuat keputusan yang tepat. Berpikir kritis diukur melalui indikator Focus, Reason, Inference, Situation, Clarity, dan Overview. Guru perlu memahami siswa dan menyesuaikan metode pengajaran dengan gaya belajar siswa, seperti yang digolongkan oleh Porter dalam tiga tipe gaya belajar: visual, auditori, dan kinestetik. Penelitian ini melihat lebih lanjut berpikir kritis siswa dalam memecahkan masalah aljabar ditinjau dari gaya belajar, menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan purposive sampling. Berdasarkan angket gaya belajar yang diberikan menunjukkan bahwa 61,11% siswa XI IPA MAN 2 Kota Jambi memiliki gaya belajar visual. Subjek dengan gaya belajar visual kemudian diberikan tes berpikir kritis dalam pemecahan masalah aljabar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, mengindikasikan kesulitan siswa berpikir secara kritis dalam memecahkan masalah matematika secara mendalam.
iAAP: INTERDEPENDENCY ATTRIBUTE AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOL FOR IoMT SYSTEMS SECURITY ENHANCEMENT AND ANALYSIS
Authors: R Sindhuja , S. Kapse Arvind
Published: May 2024

Internet has changed and evolved since its origin and in recent time the communication channel for the internet has developed a flexible system design to accommodate newer devices and customized services. Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is one such blooming service for larger data processing and customization. In this paper, we propose a novel interdependency attribute protocol for authentication and enhancing security aspects of IoMT communication. The protocol is developed on remote monitoring and Message Queuing Telemetric Transport (MQTT) protocol foundation values to secure data transmission and communication via active public domain internet and cloud storage. The approach is developed on machine learning models for attribute customization and classification. The model has been validated with AWS open pipeline cloud platforms for IoMT devices customization. The IoMT device cloud server evaluation and authentication via interdependency attribute protocol has outperformed the existing security models and analysis with Machine learning tools.
COMPREHENSIVE POTHOLE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR ROAD MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY USING IMAGE PROCESSING AND STEREO VISION
Authors: N Bhavana , M Kodabagi Mallikarjun
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a systematic approach to pothole detection, emphasizing its significance in road maintenance and safety. The proposed system is comprised of meticulously designed modules that collectively contribute to achieving accurate and effective results. Commencing with data collection through cameras capturing road areas of interest, the images undergo manual cropping and resizing for standardization. The core principle of the system revolves around image enhancement, involving grayscale conversion, application of blurring techniques, and adjustments to brightness and contrast. Automatic thresholding extracts essential information encoded within pixels, paving the way for precise edge detection refined through morphological operations. The focus then shifts to pothole detection, incorporating a stereo camera setup to calculate depth and disparity of road surfaces. Critical steps, including image rectification, correspondence matching, and disparity calculations, contribute to the accurate identification and delineation of potholes using depth thresholds. Subsequent modules employ K-Means clustering to segregate regions of interest from the image background, and post-processing steps, including filtering, masking, and refinement, fine-tune the images. Utilizing the HSV color space for grayscale image refinement and the connected component method to isolate white pixel objects further enhance the system's capability. The final step involves the addition of bounding boxes around identified potholes, streamlining their identification process. This comprehensive methodology ensures effective image processing, precise pothole detection, and contributes significantly to road safety and maintenance efforts.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF EHR SPECIFIC BLOCK CREATION AND POS CUSTOMIZATION USING HIERARCHICAL INTERDEPENDENCY APPROACH
Authors: Fathima Afifa Salsabil , Basha Syed Muzamil
Published: May 2024

Electronic Health Records (EHR) serve as a pivotal component in leveraging technological capabilities for processing, diagnosis, and informed decision-making in the medical domain. The sharing and endorsement of EHR by medical professionals based on case studies undergo manual procedures, leading to limitations in global accessibility to EHR and resolved case data, impeding expert analysis. In this study, the we propose an exclusive methodology tailored for the establishment and customization of blockchain networks dedicated to EHR applications. The approach centers around a hierarchical interdependency paradigm that governs the fine-tuning of blockchain units and the creation of Proof of Stake (PoS) structures. This technique's calibration is executed within a hospital's private network, ensuring the generalizability of resources within the EHR context. Additionally, the technique introduces deliberate delays in the integration of federated learning models within the blockchain framework, optimizing the alignment of EHR data. Validation of the proposed technique is conducted within the framework of AWS private-public servers, utilizing a dataset sourced from 17 hospitals within the MIMIC-III public EHR dataset. The hierarchical interdependency blockchain is further harmonized with a generalized EHR setup. The study exhaustively deliberates on the outcomes of this setup, demonstrating a discernible enhancement in the performance metrics of EHR blockchains.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF FEATURE ENGINEERING MODEL FOR CVD MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATASETS STANDARDIZATION
Authors: V Sangeetha , Basha Syed Muzamil
Published: May 2024

Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVD) are most common medical abnormalities in modern times. According to World Health Organization (WHO), the CVD related deaths spot is higher and increased due to chronical reasons such as unhealthy lifestyle, food habits, geographical changes and comorbidities from genetic history. The studies are focused on one particular causes as it trends to eliminate the comorbidities influencing the secondary causes. Hence a large unbalanced prediction and independent datasets are created and customized. In this research, the authors have aimed to propose dataset standardization on CVD. The proposed standardization is based on attribute interdependency mapping and indexing. The attribute interdependency from one influencing parameter is aligned and coordinated with secondary attributes from relationship/dependency evaluation. Further, the dependency mapping is simplified by layering and customizing the data attributes. The multi-dimensional CVD datasets extracted in this process is mapped and tracked from feature engineering process. The dataset standardization of CVD is novel and first of its kind in data analytics and processing.
HYBRID DISTANCE-STATISTICAL-BASED PHRASE ALIGNMENT FOR ANALYZING PARALLEL TEXTS IN STANDARD MALAY AND MALAY DIALECTS
Authors: Yen Min Jasmina Khaw , Tan Tien Ping , Malancon Bali Ranaivo-
Published: May 2024

Parallel texts corpora are essential resources in linguistics and natural language processing, especially in translation and multilingual information retrieval. The publicly available parallel text corpora are limited to certain genres, types and domains. Furthermore, the parallel dialect text is scarce, even though they are important in the analysis and study of a dialect. Collecting parallel dialect text is challenging because dialects typically appear in the form of speech and very limited dialectic texts exist. Moreover, there is no standard orthography in most dialects. The contributions of this paper are threefold. First, the paper describes a methodology in acquiring a parallel text corpus of Standard Malay and Malay dialects, particularly Kelantan Malay and Sarawak Malay. Second, we propose a hybrid of distance based and statistical-based alignment algorithm to align words and phrases the parallel text. The results show that the precision and recall values of the proposed alignment algorithm are more than 95% and better than the state-of the-art GIZA++. Third, the alignment obtained were compared to find out the lexical similarities and differences between Standard Malay and the two studied Malay dialects, contributing valuable insights into the linguistic variations within the Malay language family.
Pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a relação bilinguismo e autismo: resultados preliminares
Authors: Lima Kellyanny Chaves , Silveira Amanda Post da
Published: May 2024

Este estudo preliminar visa reportar os principais achados científicos brasileiros sobre as interseções entre bilinguismo e autismo com o fim de avaliar e popularizar o que se sabe quanto aos benefícios e os desafios que a condição bilíngue traz às crianças dentro do espectro autistas. Enquanto a literatura destaca as vantagens cognitivas dos indivíduos bilíngues, como apontado por Sebastián-Gallés e Kroll (2003); Bialystok, Craik e Luk (2012), o autismo apresenta desafios significativos na comunicação e interação, conforme destacado pelo Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais 5° edição (DSM-5); Trelles e Castro (2019). O debate sobre o impacto do bilinguismo no desenvolvimento linguístico de crianças autistas é o foco deste estudo. Embora alguns estudos indiquem que há benefícios, como Davis, Fletcher-Watson e Digard (2021); Romero e Uddin (2021), outros indicam desafios específicos. Realizamos um levantamento abrangente de pesquisas no Brasil sobre o tema do bilinguismo em crianças diagnosticadas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. O objetivo é fornecer insights valiosos para a comunidade, profissionais de saúde e educação, e especialmente para famílias com crianças autistas bilíngues ou multilíngues. A análise preliminar revela que a alternância fluida entre os sistemas linguísticos propicia a flexibilidade cognitiva, ressaltando a importância do bilinguismo no aprimoramento do controle executivo e suas influências positivas nas funções cognitivas. No entanto, a complexidade na comunicação em língua não materna aumenta a propensão à timidez em crianças, sugerindo uma ligação afetiva com a língua de origem e possíveis desafios sociais para crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Por fim, percebe-se a escassez de pesquisas nacionais sobre pessoas bilíngues autistas e com essa pesquisa pretendemos colaborar com a compreensão do papel do bilinguismo ao desenvolvimento da linguagem de crianças autistas.
O desenvolvimento neurocognitivo no transtorno do espectro do autismo: uma descrição diante do nível 3 de suporte
Authors: Porcino José Marciel Araújo , Saraiva Natália Macedo Pinheiro , Pinheiro Cinthia Macêdo , Souza Maria Aparecida Virgino de , Barbosa Maria das dores de Oliveira , Nogueira Cicero Martins , Lima Mileny Alexandre de
Published: May 2024

O presente estudo buscou descrever o desenvolvimento neurocognitivo no Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo em pessoas autistas de nível 3 de suporte. Foi utilizada a abordagem de revisão bibliográfica baseadas em pesquisas dos últimos 10 anos (2014-2024). Os resultados, apontam que as sintomatologias presentes no Espectro Autista de nível 3 de suporte estão ancoradas em uso pedante da fala, desajeitamento motor, agressividade, pouco contato visual, comprometimento na comunicação verbal, isolamento, comunicação é inexistente para expressar o que deseja. Apresenta elementos severos, tais como: distúrbios da linguagem, ecolalia, inversão pronominal, distúrbios na alimentação, estereotipias, uma forte resistência a mudanças de rotinas. apresenta falha no processo da autoconsciência como elemento regulador. Subentendermos que as áreas neurocognitivas, tais como: o hipocampo, o corpo mamilar, o córtex entorrinal, a amígdala, o subículo, o giro do cíngulo, as células de purkinje e o córtex pré-frontal, são indicadores que implicam em falhas neurocognitivas no desenvolver das pessoas com TEA de modo geral, de forma a causar prejuízos acentuado no nível 3 de suporte. O desenvolvimento neurocognitivo na infância é um dos marcos do neurodesenvolvimento elementar para a aquisição das habilidades neurocognitivas.A compreensão das funções executivas são indicadores neurocognitivos que provem a desenvolver a pessoa com TEA. Espera-se que estudiosos na área do neurodesenvolvimento possam testificar os achados apontados diante da pessoa com TEA no nível 3 de suporte. Outrossim, almeja-se que novas pesquisas sejam desenvolvidas de forma aplicada e interventiva, explorando o desenvolvimento das habilidades neurocognitivas pautado na: ciência, técnica, ética, responsabilidade e corresponsabilidade.
O psicodiagnóstico de transtorno espectro do autismo (TEA): um estudo de caso
Authors: Bastos Elaine Marinho
Published: May 2024

A avaliação psicológica - AP é uma realidade que faz parte da atuação de profissionais da Psicologia. Mas, para realizar essa atividade é importante uma amplitude de conhecimentos para que esse processo seja feito de forma ética e coerente, buscando a finalização do diagnóstico. Considerando a AP no contexto infantil, a realidade processual é complexificada quando é considerado o processo de desenvolvimento da infância. A demanda de avaliação para o transtorno do espectro do autismo - TEA tem surgido de forma frequente diante da amplitude de discussões sobre a condição de crianças com autismo, bem como a ampliação de conhecimentos sobre esse transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho discute um estudo de caso de investigação para o encerramento de diagnóstico de autismo de uma criança de 5 anos. Os pais buscam finalizar uma longa busca por entendimento dos comportamentos atípicos do filho e para compreender essa condição a profissional buscou aplicar técnicas coerentes ao caso. O estudo de caso reforça a importância do conhecimento do processo de avaliação, bem como das condições relacionadas ao autismo e as técnicas que podem auxiliar na finalização do processo.
Violência contra crianças e adolescentes em dados
Authors: Alves Milena
Published: May 2024

O projeto Cadê Paraná – Crianças e Adolescentes em Dados e Estatísticas –, do Centro Marista de Defesa da Infância, publica este relatório com o objetivo de qualificar o debate sobre o fenômeno das violências contra crianças e adolescentes. Foram coletadas Informações de três bases oficiais – Sipia, Sinan e Disque 100 – sobre violência sexual, física e psicológica, no período de 2020 a 2023. Os dados foram extraídos entre janeiro e abril de 2024, com a última extração realizada entre os dias 8 e 12 de abril.
Nanoscale electron beam patterning of PEDOT:PSS free-standing films for enhanced thermoelectric performance
Authors: Lee Hyejeong , Lee Sunho , Gopinathan Anoop , Shin Hosun
Published: May 2024

The growing demand for flexible, lightweight, and highly processable
electronic devices makes high-functional conducting polymers such as
poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) an
attractive alternative to conventional inorganic materials. However,
considerable improvements are necessary to make conducting polymers a
commercially viable choice. This study explores nanopatterning, as an
effective strategy for enhancing polymer functionality, which results in
substantial improvements in mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrical
properties. Nanopatterned conducting polymers with manipulated
electrical properties can be utilized in various fields, including
thermoelectrics (TE). Introducing nanopatterning into thermoelectric
polymers is challenging due to intricate technical hurdles and the
necessity for individually manipulating the TE parameters such as
electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity.
Here, enhanced TE performance is achieved by imposing array nanopatterns
on PEDOT:PSS free-standing films using direct electron beam irradiation.
Through nanopatterning, selective and independent control of electric
and thermal transport in PEDOT:PSS was achieved. The e-beam irradiation
transformed PEDOT:PSS from a highly-ordered quinoid to an amorphous
benzoid structure, leading to a remarkable reduction in the thermal
conductivity by 70% of that of the non-patterned PEDOT:PSS, without a
significant reduction in electrical conductivity. Consequently, the
thermoelectric figure of merit was enhanced by 60% compared to
non-patterned PEDOT:PSS. The proposed nanopatterning methodology
demonstrates a skillful approach to precisely manipulate the
thermoelectric parameters, thereby improving the thermoelectric
performance of conducting polymers, and promising utilization in
cutting-edge electronic applications.
CYP3A4*18B, CYP3A5*3, and MDR1C3435T gene studies with tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese subjects
Authors: SHEN YIN , Liu Zhihong , Zhang Jing , Xie Xiaoyun , Lin Chen , Song Hong-tao
Published: May 2024

Aims: To investigate the effects of the CYP3A4*18B, CYP3A5*3, and
MDR1C3435T gene polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in
healthy Chinese subjects. Methods: Thirty healthy Chinese subjects
received single oral doses of 5 mg tacrolimus and were genotyped for
CYP3A4*18B, CYP3A5*3, and MDR1C3435T using polymerase chain
reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The blood
concentrations of tacrolimus were determined by liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) up to 96 h after
dosing. Results: The mean tacrolimus AUC0-96, AUC0-∞ and Cmax for the
CYP3A4*1/*1 carriers were 282.81±202.13 ng·h·mL-1, 308.68±211.16
ng·h·mL-1 and 38.05±30.30 ng·mL-1, respectively, which were 3.96-fold,
3.70-fold and 3.88-fold greater than those of the CYP3A4*18B/*18B
carriers (71.39±21.61 ng·h·mL-1, 83.38±29.00 ng·h·mL-1 and 9.80±2.60
ng·mL-1, respectively) (P= 0.001, 0.001 and 0.004, respectively).
Similarly, the AUC0–96, AUC0-∞ and Cmax for the CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers
were 238.27±178.82 ng·h·mL-1, 263.78±190.72 ng·h·mL-1 and 32.53±24.52
ng·mL-1, respectively, which were 2.52-, 2.48- and 2.27-fold greater
than those of the CYP3A5*1 carriers (94.69±37.70 ng·h·mL-1, 106.28±41.46
ng·h·mL-1 and 14.30±5.77 ng·mL-1, respectively) (P=0.001, 0.001 and
0.004, respectively). Although there were no significant differences in
pharmacokinetics among MDR1C3435T genotypes (P>0.05), the
Tmax for MDR1 CC (1.25±0.27 h) homozygotes in CYP3A4 expressers
(*18B/*18B or *1/*18B genotype) was much lower than that for the MDR1 T
carriers (1.82±0.72 h) (P<0.05). In addition, sex, age,
alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, haematocrit (HCT) level, serum
creatinine (SCr) level, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level, and
CYP3A4*18B and CYP3A5*3 gene polymorphisms affected the pharmacokinetics
of tacrolimus. Conclusions: CYP3A4*18B and CYP3A5*3 are important
genetic factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in the
Chinese population.
Harnessing Information from Shortwave Infrared Reflectance Bands to Enhance Satellite-Based Estimates of Gross Primary Productivity
Authors: Ranjbar Sadegh , Losos Danielle , dechant Benjamin , Hoffman Sophie , Başakın Eyyup Ensar , Stoy Paul Christopher
Published: May 2024

Monitoring Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), the rate at which
ecosystems fix atmospheric carbon dioxide, is crucial for understanding
global carbon cycling. Remote sensing offers a powerful tool for
monitoring GPP using vegetation indices (VIs) derived from visible and
near-infrared reflectance (NIRv). While promising, these VIs often
suffer from sensitivity to soil background, moisture, and variations in
solar and view zenith angle (SZA and VZA). This study investigates the
potential of incorporating shortwave infrared (SWIR) reflectance from
MODIS and GOES-R advanced baseline imager (ABI) sensors to improve GPP
estimation. We evaluated various formulations for creating SWIR-enhanced
Near-InfraRed reflectance of Vegetation (sNIRv) by integrating SWIR
information into established VIs across 96 Ameriflux research sites. Our
findings reveal that sNIRv improves correlation with GPP for ABI data by
up to 0.19 on a half-hourly basis for normalized difference vegetation
index (NDVI) values below 0.25, with diminishing gains as NDVI values
rise. Using MODIS data, sNIRv matches r values of NIRv for NDVI above
0.25, with a slight 0.05 increase for NDVI below 0.25. Analyses using
SCOPE model simulations further support the ability of sNIRv to capture
fPAR (fractional photosynthetically active radiation), a proxy for GPP,
especially for ecosystems with low LAI. Results highlight that
sNIRv-based VIs are less sensitive to soil background, SZA, and VZA
compared to NIRv. Shapely Additive Explanations (SHAP) value analysis
also identifies sNIRv as the best feature for GPP estimation using
machine learning modeling across all different land covers, NDVI ranges,
and soil water content (SWC) levels.
Testing paleomagnetic directional distributions against field models for the averaging of secular variation and correcting for inclination shallowing using an updated elongation/inclination approach (SVEI)
Authors: Tauxe Lisa , Heslop David , Gilder Stuart A.
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses one of the critical questions of scientific
inquiry: How do we know when a given data set is representative of the
phenomenon being examined? For paleomagnetists, the question is often
whether a particular dataset sufficiently averaged paleosecular
variation (PSV). To this aim, we updated an existing PSV dataset that
now comprises 2441 site mean directions from 94 individual studies
(PSV10-24). Minimal filtering for data quality resulted in 1619 sites
from 90 publications. Fitting PSV10-24 with three newly defined
parameters as well as two existing ones form the basis of a Giant
Gaussian Process field model (THG24) consistent with the data. Drawing
directions from THG24 yields directional distributions predicted for a
given latitude allowing a comparison between empirical distributions and
the cumulative distribution function generated by the model. This tests
whether the observed data adequately averaged out PSV according to
THG24. Sedimentary datasets that may have experienced inclination
shallowing can be corrected using an (un)flattening factor that yields
directions satisfying THG24 in a newly-defined, four-parameter space.
This approach builds on the Elongation-Inclination (E/I) method of Tauxe
and Kent (2004), so the approach introduced here is called SVEI. We show
examples of the use of SVEI and explain how to use this newly developed
python code that is publicly available in the PmagPy GitHub repository.
Anorectal function and symptoms 6 months after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a single-center study
Authors: Psarias Theodoros , Walter Susanna , Holmbom Martin , Khayoun Issa Issa , Abdul-Sattar Aljabery Firas , Hallböök Olof
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) is a common procedure for the treatment of localised prostate cancer. Anorectal symptoms such as fecal incontinence (FI), rectal urgency or disturbed defecation have been reported after the operation. Anorectal function is dependent on the integrity of anal and pelvic nerves and muscles, rectal sensory function as well as rectal reservoir function.
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential influence of RALP on anorectal physiological function and bowel symptoms.
Materials and Methods: In this pilot study, 29 patients with localised prostate cancer scheduled for RALP were included. Anorectal physiology was used to measure rectal sensitivity and reservoir function as well as anal sphincter pressures. Bowel symptoms were measured by a bowel function questionnaire and a 2-week bowel function diary. Measurements were done before the operation and repeated at 6 months after the operation.
Results: The study observed a significant postoperative increase in rectal sensory threshold for rectal balloon distention, from 20 to 40 mmHg, P < 0.001. This change is indicative of a decrease in rectal sensation after RALP. There were no other statistical significant differences in any of the physiological tests performed. Importantly, there was no change in any of the bowel symptoms after surgery.
Conclusion: This study showed that RALP may lead to impaired rectal sensory function. This finding did not, however, seem to have any influence on the patients´ postoperative clinical bowel function.
Personalized nutritional management in the transition from non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease to dialysis
Authors: Narasaki Yoko , Siu Man Kit , Nguyen Matthew , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Rhee Connie M.
Published: May 2024

Dialysis has been the dominant treatment regimen in end-stage kidney disease as a means to remove uremic waste products and to maintain electrolyte, acid base, and fluid balance. However, given that dialysis may not always provide a survival benefit nor improved quality of life in certain subpopulations, there is growing recognition of the need for conservative and preservative management as an alternative treatment strategy for advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Personalized nutritional management tailored to patient’s sociodemographics, social needs, psychological status, health literacy level, and preferences is a key component of conservative and preservative care, as well as in the management of patients transitioning from non-dialysis dependent CKD to dialysis. In this review, we discuss the nutritional and metabolic alterations that ensue in CKD; the rationale for low-protein diets in the conservative and preservative management of advanced CKD; the role of plant-based diets in kidney health; emerging data on dietary potassium and sodium intake on CKD outcomes; and the practical implementation of dietary interventions in advanced kidney disease.