bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular genetic monitoring of HIV-1 variants circulating in St. Petersburg
Authors: Monakhov N. E. , Ermakov A. I. , Obizhaeva E. S. , Vinogradova T. N. , Lioznov D. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study: to assess the genetic diversity of HIV-1 variants circulating in St. Petersburg.

Materials and methods. The study included 289 patients with virological ART failure in 2022 in the St. Petersburg AIDS Center. Fragments of the pol gene encoding integrase, reverse transcriptase and protease were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic tree created by the Neighbor-joining method with 1000 repeats of nucleotide sequences, bootstrap values >70. To assess the circulation of HIV genovariants in dynamics in St. Petersburg, sequences and clinical and laboratory parameters obtained from 544 patients since 2018. The total sample included 833 samples (289 were collected in 2022), compared with the results of a study from 1104 HIV-infected patients in 2006–2011.

Results and discussion. Monovariants of HIV dominated in the examined patients (95.1%, 275 people), subtype A6 — 88.2% (255 people); subtype B — 5.9% (17 people); C — 0.3% (1 person); G — 0.7% (2 people), the proportion of recombinant forms — 4.9% (14 people). In the sample collection, the proportion of new HIV cases of non-A subtype was 13.3% in 2006–2011, and 11.1% in 2018–2022. A signiﬁcant increase in the incidence of recombinant forms of HIV-1 was revealed from 1.6% to 3.5% (c2=6.111; p=0.014). In the group (2018–2022), the recombinant form of CRF63_02A6 was more common (15/29 people).

Conclusion. Phylogenetic analyses makes it possible to determine HIV subtypes, but also to establish the potential geographical origin of the virus, to identify transmission clusters taking into account the socio-demographic indicators of HIV-infected patients. Molecular epidemiological monitoring can be used to develop and implement programs to counter the spread of HIV among the population. The dominant genetic variant of HIV circulating in St. Petersburg is sub-subtype A6, as it was 10 years ago. The proportion of new cases of infection with non-A subtype of HIV remains stable, with a downward trend. The increase in the frequency of detection of recombinant forms of HIV-1 is probably related to the migration processes of the population.
The case of coinfection with human immunodeﬁciency and hepatitis С viruses during hemotransfusion: clinical and socio-legal consequences
Authors: Bulygin M. A. , Shamigulov V. D. , Orlova E. S. , Shakhmanov D. M. , Kozlov K. V. , Bulan’kov Yu. I. , Zhdanov K. V. , Gorichny V. A. , Vinogradova T. N. , Romanova S. Yu.
Published: September 2024

In Russia, cases of HIV transmission related to medical care are registered annually, including cases related to hemotransfusion. A clinical case of an artiﬁcial coinfection with human immunodeﬁciency and hepatitis C viruses in the course of medical care, as well as its clinical, social, legal and economic consequences, is presented. This clinical case is noteworthy for its relevance from both the perspective of examining the clinical course and treatment of illnesses, as well as analyzing the medical and legal implications of a iatrogenically acquired infection. The recurrence of such incidents of infection with signiﬁcant social diseases in the 1990s and 2000s necessitated a serious reorganization of the national blood transfusion system and blood components. At present, with strict adherence to legal requirements in place, the risk of infection has been minimized.
Low-level viremia in HIV infection: causes and consequences
Authors: Bobkova M. R.
Published: September 2024

The aim. This study aimed to review literature on the topic of «Low-level viremia (LLV) in HIV infection» to systematically organize data under various themes, including «deﬁnitions», «mechanisms», «causes», «risks», «clinical implications», «prevention», and «management».

Materials and methods. A comprehensive search of literature data was conducted to gather information on LLV in HIV infection. The collected data were categorized into themes based on the aforementioned topics.

Results and discussion. The study involved the systematic organization of data on low viremia, including its sources and potential mechanisms. Detailed discussions were held on questions surrounding HIV sanctuaries, clonal expansion, and their role in LLV formation. Additionally, the contribution of factors such as adherence, drug resistance, and drug interactions to LLV incidence was assessed. Furthermore, an algorithm of actions to prevent and address LLV, based on expert opinions, was developed.

Conclusion. The LLV phenomenon is under active investigation, with an evolving understanding of its sources and formation mechanisms. Based on this knowledge, future recommendations for practitioners are anticipated, aimed at achieving effective virological responses in all HIV-infected patients.
Association of polymorphism of the glutathione-s-transferase M1 gene and tumor necrosis factor alpha with the formation and size of decay cavities in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Alymenko M. A. , Kolchanova N. E. , Valiev R. Sh. , Valiev N. R. , Balobanova N. P. , Gavrilyuk E. V. , Polonikov A. V. , Kolomietz V. M. , Mal G. S. , Ragulina V. A. , Safono Ya. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim. To study the association of polymorphic variants of the GSTM1 (E/D) and TNF-s (308G>A (rs1800629) genes with the formation of decay cavity sizes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Material and methods. The study group is represented by 335 patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis (212 people were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis for the ﬁrst time; 123 people with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis) aged 18 to 65  years; receiving an intensive phase of chemotherapy. To conduct molecular genetic studies; 335 people had whole blood taken from a vein into a test tube with EDTA. Genomic DNA was isolated using Arrow Blood DNA 500 reagent kits from whole blood (at the NorDiag Arrow station). After; the polymerase chain reaction was staged in real time using sets of reagents for genotyping SNPs: GSTM1 (E/D) and TNF-s (–308G>A (rs1800629).

Results and discussion. In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; the genotype DD of the gene GSTM1 (E/D) and the genotype GG of the gene TNF-s –308G>A (rs1800629) is most often associated with the formation of the size of decay cavities.

Conclusion. It is advisable to introduce genotyping of the GSTM1 and TNF-s genes into the practice of a phthisiologist in order to predict the probability of the formation of the size of decay cavities in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
O perfil pedagógico e a percepção de professores baianos sobre a alfabetização de crianças com deficiência intelectual
Authors: Novaes Geane Patrícia
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de descrever o perfil pedagógico dos professores baianos que trabalham com crianças com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) e identificar suas percepções sobre a alfabetização de crianças com DI moderada. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa transversal realizada com coleta de dados online. Os resultados demonstram que 91,9% dos professores concordam que ambos os modelos de ensino (individualizado e inclusivo) - quando aplicados de maneira complementar - são eficientes para a alfabetização de alunos com DI moderada; no cenário do ensino regular, 88,2% dos professores participantes sentem dificuldade para ensinar crianças com DI; 83,8% consideram que o ensino utilizado atualmente é ineficiente para a alfabetização de crianças com o perfil clínico de DI moderada; 84,6% se sentem preocupados quando informados que irão ensinar crianças com DI. A análise de regressão evidencia que o conhecimento dos professores para alfabetizar crianças com DI moderada diminui a possibilidade de eles se sentirem despreparados para intervenções pedagógicas; considerar que o ensino regular é capaz de promover a alfabetização de uma criança com DI moderada diminui a confiança na possibilidade de aprendizagem com adaptação curricular. Por outro lado, os professores concordam que o ensino utilizado é pouco eficiente para a alfabetização de crianças com DI moderada, o que representa uma das dificuldades.
Reverberações da Lei 4599/1994 na implementação de transformações na supervisão de Ensino no Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Sorocaba, SP: 1994 - 2020
Authors:   , Grosso Jessimeire Alessandra Domingues Costa
Published: September 2024

O tema dessa dissertação foi a supervisão no Sistema Municipal de Ensino (SME) de Sorocaba (SME) no período compreendido entre 1994 e 2020 e está vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Educação da Universidade de Sorocaba, Linha de Pesquisa “Políticas, Gestão e História da Educação”. O problema de pesquisa foi: como ocorreram as transformações da supervisão e o impacto na sua atuação no Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Sorocaba durante o período estudado? O objetivo geral da pesquisa consistiu em demonstrar a atuação da supervisão no SME de Sorocaba sob a influência das políticas educacionais municipais ao longo dos anos de 1994 a 2020. Dessa forma, foram elencados três objetivos específicos: apresentar o desenvolvimento histórico da supervisão no município de Sorocaba, na perspectiva da legislação; analisar a súmula de atribuições do cargo de supervisor de ensino prevista na Lei nº 4.599/1994, que estabelece “o quadro e o plano de carreira do quadro do magistério público municipal de Sorocaba”; e identificar as transformações das políticas públicas educacionais, implementadas pelos governos no SME de Sorocaba ao longo do período estudado, que influenciaram a atuação do supervisor. A pesquisa foi organizada por meio de levantamento e análise de diversas fontes documentais necessárias para o estudo do tema. Para isso, foi realizado o levantamento da legislação municipal dentro do recorte cronológico estudado que normatiza o cargo de supervisor; de documentos do Sindicato dos Servidores Públicos Municipais de Sorocaba, que versaram sobre as lutas referentes à conquista de direitos relacionados a supervisão; de notícias e de publicações da época, tais como editais, resoluções e pareceres. Além disso, durante todo o processo, foi realizada a pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio da leitura de livros e artigos consultados nas plataformas das bibliotecas da Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), da Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp) e do Scientific Electronic Library Online Brasil (SciELO). A partir da presente investigação, foi possível entender como ocorreram as transformações da supervisão e o impacto na sua atuação no SME de Sorocaba durante o período elencado.
Financial performance as an intermediate variable in determining corporate sustainability performance: A company governance implication
Authors: Porajow Mc Donald Ferdinand Steven , Mangantar Maryam , Murni Sri , Gamaliel Hendrik
Published: September 2024

In the pursuit of sustainability, companies strive for a delicate balance between delivering quality products and services and maintaining enduring harmony in the social and environmental realms. Companies have responsibility for the positive and negative impacts on economic, social, and environmental aspects (Elkington, 1997). Acknowledging their dual role in shaping economic, social, and environmental impacts, companies grapple with complexities. This study aims to scrutinize the influence of innovation, environmental uncertainty on financial performance, the impact of financial performance on corporate sustainability, and the influence of innovation, environmental uncertainty on corporate sustainability. Utilizing a quantitative approach and focusing on companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with the SRI-KEHATI index from 2009 to 2022, the research, with a sample size of 29 companies, employs partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal the positive effects of innovation on financial performance, environmental uncertainty on financial performance, and financial performance on corporate sustainability. Additionally, the study unveils the direct influence of innovation and environmental uncertainty on corporate sustainability, with financial performance acting as a mediating variable. These results hold practical implications for corporations, academics, and policymakers, given the heightened emphasis on sustainability in today’s landscape.
How can autonomy and active learning be stimulated in a blended oboe class program?
Authors: Irma Kort
Published: September 2024

This research is an exploration into stimulating autonomy and active learning in musical tuition. Through an explorative journey in my teaching practice I developed tools to increase autonomy, active learning and self-regulation in students, using the self-determination theory, new learning and self-regulation as the main learning theories to find answers to my research question. In my lesson practice students rarely come in as active-, self-directing autonomous learners. However, literature and experiences of other teachers, show us that students – even beginners – can learn to become active, self-directed learners. It is not common practice yet to implement these theories in music classes. This is why I would like to create a toolkit and a user manual for teachers that would like to incorporate autonomy supportive teaching and self-regulation in their practices. I will also create a blueprint to inspire working with blended programs in music classes. A flipped classroom can trigger an ongoing learning process in the week, it can aid students in their practice and it is a tool to reflect on teaching practices, teaching styles and programs.
The research took place in the BASIS oboe classes at the School for Young Talent, in The Royal Conservatoire of The Hague. There were 5 beginning oboe players, in the age group of 7 till 13 years.
I used a combination of design and action research. With the design research I developed the online learning space and the tools for active learning and self-regulation. With action research I reflected on my teaching, students learning, development and well-being and the use of the tools.
It was possible to use learning theories in different ways. I used tables and frameworks to reflect on my teaching, I used existing tools, I tailored tools to the age group of my students and I combined aspects of active learning and self-regulation. After three design cycles there is a blueprint of a toolkit that can be used in a flexible way and there is a blueprint for blended learning in instrumental music classes. The changes in my teaching style, the implementation of the learning theories and the reflections on the program using the online environment had a great impact on the teacher – student dialogue, the content of my lessons and the overview of the program. In students I saw an increase in motivation, autonomy and effectiveness. They are very engaged young learners, they learned to choose repertoire and strategies in their practice, they are able to plan, practice and reflect on their process and they have covered more repertoire and technique over the last year in comparison to the year before. They started sharing their music outside of classes and started thinking about their own goals in their oboe practice.
Cello Meets Soleares
Authors: Candela Mier-Terán
Published: September 2024

Flamenco is still a mystery and although there is a growing body of academic literature seeking to understand it, there is still a long way to go. In addition, flamenco is opening up to such variety and innovation that various instruments have been included in the traditional ensemble of guitar, cajón, clapping, cantaor/a and dancer. For these reasons, this research aims to bring cante por soleares closer to anyone interested in the world of flamenco, although perhaps with special attention to string musicians, and cellists in particular. This work, together with my analysis of the rhythm, melody, harmony and structure of the soleares, seeks to offer reflections, tools and conclusions for those looking to imitate soleares singers on the cello. This work is carried out through the transcription and analysis of six soleares, carefully selected for the purpose of being played on the cello [having done so much work with flamenco experts, it is a pity not to mention this as one of your key methods]. With these insights, I seek to better understand the characteristics of cante por soleares, to propose different forms of imitating it on the cello, and to offer options more suitable to the instrument when close imitation is not possible.
The Feeling of Sound: Music Curating, Performing and Connecting with and through Music
Authors: Laura Sophie von der Goltz
Published: September 2024

Long story short
In this research exposition, I would like to invite the reader on a journey of discovery in the field of classical music presentation. Over the last 50 years there have been many suggestions on how to allow the professional field of classical music to develop alongside its time and people.
To get a new perspective on the topic, I approach ASMR as a connected topic, investigate it under the aspect of listening and then make a transfer to my professional practice. ASMR stands for autonomous sensuous meridian response and is describing a special kind of sensory perception. I study ASMR as way of perception and as well as a YouTube / media phenomenon.
My research question is:
What can I learn from ASMR (about contemporary audience’s perception of sound) and how can I integrate this in my artistic practice?
When I talked to colleagues or teachers from a classical music context, ASMR appeared to them at first as something bizarre and insignificant. Still, it has millions of followers on the internet. A large number of followers is not necessarily an indicator of artistic quality, but it can certainly be an argument to arouse curiosity. After all, the number of followers towards a subject does say something about its appeal or the ability to grasp people.
By comparing ASMR to synaesthesia, I want to focus on perception and sensuousness but also explore common traits and differences of the two phenomena as both neurological phenomenon and the social (artistic) movement.
An analysis and five experiments involving technological and dramaturgical tools often used in ASMR, leads to the final chapter: the artistic implementation. During the two years of my master studies, I designed two performance concepts, in which I applied the insights I gained throughout this research. A documentation of the process and a more elaborate explanation of the concept are to be found in chapter 4.
In the end of this exposition, I summarize the conclusions of the research I made on a general and on a personal level.
In order to acquire more information as well as a wider view, I have reached out to literature within the fields of sociology, (social) history, psychology, neuroscience and philosophy . During my years of studies in music, music pedagogic, historical and innovative performance practice, I quenched my thirst for knowledge about the past and now I am hungry to learn about the now and the future.
The Viennese violone : A "Viennoiserie" with 5 spices
Authors: Isaline Leloup
Published: September 2024

This research examines if the Viennese tuning was used in the orchestral works of Beethoven, Schubert, and Mendelssohn and whether it is possible to link the composers and the use of this tuning in their writing style for the 16’ instrument.
The Viennese tuned violone is a particular 5-stringed 16’ fretted instrument tuned to “F, A, d, f#, a”. This instrument appeared in the region of Lower-Austria and Moravia in the late 17th century and was played until the middle of the 19th century. Considered a member of the viola da gamba family by its name “violone”, it also has similarities in its thirds and fourths tuning, flat back, sloping shoulders, and frets.
I have found no clear evidence of a date, or of a composer, who made specific use of Viennese tuning in orchestras after the solos of Haydn's six symphonies. The Viennese tuning disappeared progressively towards the middle of the 19th century. The last clear evidence we found in the music is Beethoven’s Septet op. 20, the first performance of Beethoven’s 1st symphony, and Schubert’s Trout quintet. We also have the performance on 2nd November 1800 of Sperger’s last symphony “Erbprinzessin-sinfonie”. We also know that instruments of this tuning were built until at least 1820. For Mendelssohn, analysis of his works has shown that its classical characteristics come out clearer with the Viennese tuning. This research is done in the form of an exposition to highlight the musical extracts of the different composers.
Composing Situation: An approach for understanding and repeating a musical practice
Authors: Arie Verheul van de Ven
Published: September 2024

This paper is about finding relationships within my own composition process, how these relate to my relationships with the world around me, and how these impact the music that I make. In this paper I will touch on how my work has been influenced by psychogeography, making music about locations, and my experiences working in community arts. I will discuss my influences from the work Situationists International and later psychogeographic explorations, the community art world in Toronto, discussing how they have influenced my composition process and how the relationships between people, places, and sound play into the music that I compose, and the musical worldviews that helped me shape these influences into my own work. I will further explore, specifically, a part of my process which involves the setting up of situations in which music occurs as part of my compositional practice, discussing how the situation in which music is being made impacts that music, and how the music can impact the situation, finding reciprocity within these musical relationships.
Reading Garoto – a study over the legendary musician who changed Brazilian music.
Authors: Henrique Gomide
Published: September 2024

This research was based in an investigation over the life and importance of the Brazilian composer "Garoto" (Anibal Augusto Sardinha), as well in my personal experience with his work. My readings over this topic involved all the literature existing about this composer (which was not vast), as well as books, articles, thesis and encyclopedias that contained information of the period he lived and the context in which he worked. Other important sources for my research were Garoto’s recordings, score and manuscripts as well as interviews made with musicians that played with him, important musicians that were influenced by him and researchers of his life and work.

Garoto was one of the most versatiles musicians that Brazil ever had, possessing an outstanding technique in eight different string instruments. He recorded and composed in several diferent styles, and his compositions were one of the firsts to introduce influences from jazz and classical music into the popular music from Brazil. His extremely innovative style inspired a whole generation of composer and was a decisive influence to the “Bossa Nova”, musical movement that emerged in Rio de Janeiro in the late 1950’s, just a few years after Garoto’s death.
Garoto’s repertoire is mostly played by guitar players in it’s original arrangements, as a consequence of a solo guitar Song-Book made by Paulo Bellinati that is sold trough all the world. In this research I present eight arrangements proposing a new approach of his pieces, to be performed on the piano with different instrumentations: solo, duo with bass, piano trio, piano trio with saxophone and piano trio with an ensemble of seven clarinets.
Due to the 100th birthday of Garoto next year (2015) I also engaged some different projects to promote his music and his name: a CD recording, a documentary and a Festival with recognized musicians performing Garoto’s works.
Monteverdi and the architecture of emotions
Authors: Anabela Marcos
Published: September 2024

Name: Anabela Marcos

Main Subject: Singing

Research supervisors: Johannes Boer and Erwin Roebroeks

Title of Research: Monteverdi and the architecture of emotions

Research Question: In what way could the formal and the expressive elements in Monteverdi's music be related to painting and architecture of his contemporaries?

Summary of results:
In the preface of his Eighth Book of Madrigals, Madrigali Guerrieri et Amorosi, Claudio Monteverdi announced one of the fundaments of his musical construction: the power of the contrasting passions. The humanist theme, that inspired not only musicians but also poets, painters and architects of the time, into a common goal; the expression of the human emotions.
The research “Architecture of emotions”, is centred in Monteverdi’s music in the period starting from his Lamento d’ Arianna (1608) to the Lamento della Ninfa included in the Eight Book of Madrigals (1638) - the same time, thirty years, that it takes Francesco Borromini to finish the small church of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane in Rome, in what will be his first (the interior) and his last commission (the façade).
Inspired in this extraordinary building, which is both a guide and structure to the musical ideas presented, and supported by a selection of Caravaggio’s paintings to be the visual counterpart to Monteverdi’s music, this research aims to be a possible and personal interpretation to the vast question of the relation between music, painting and architecture in the context of the humanist environment in the transition from Renaissance to Baroque in Italy.

Biography:
After working as an architect for several years, the Portuguese Soprano Anabela Marcos, was granted a full scholarship from the Gulbenkian Foundation of Lisbon to study Singing and Opera at the Royal Conservatoire in the Hague, the Netherlands, with Rita Dams, Diane Forlano and Marius van Altena.
Her opera repertoire includes Pamina (Die Zauberflöte, Mozart), Suzanna (Le Nozze de Figaro, Mozart), Zerlina (Don Giovanni, Mozart), Titania (Midsummer Night’s Dream, Britten), Clori (L’Egisto, Cavalli), Venus and Cupid (King Arthur, Purcell), Daphne (Apollo and Daphne, Händel), Belinda (Dido and Aeneas, Purcell).
As a soloist, Anabela has worked with conductors such as Ton Koopman, Jos van Veldhoven, Sigiswald Kuyken, Michel Corboz and she is a member of the Baroque ensemble La Primavera. Among her future projects is the new program “Architecture of emotions”, included in the 25th jubilee of this ensemble and based on her two year research around Monteverdi’s music.
Berio violin duets - an introduction
Authors: Joseph Puglia
Published: September 2024

The 34 Duetti of Luciano Berio were inspired by the 44 Duos of Bartók. Just as Bartók intended to introduce young musicians to his style, so did Berio attempt the same. Berio's focus however, was on finding a more modern set of techniques and colors that the violin could create, and he used these pieces for children to illustrate his own ideas of theater and dramaturgy in music. Because his ideas of theater consist of putting two completely different ideas together to make a third reality, the 1st and 2nd violin parts in his duets often sound as if they are in totally different worlds – with different dynamics, tone colors, and sometimes even tempi. This results in a novel approach to chamber music in which each partner is equal, but also very independent of the other. A beginning student can therefore contribute just as much musical value to a piece (indeed, sometimes much more) than a seasoned professional. Since Berio doesn't specify the level or age that the student needs to be in order to play these pieces, this allows for a lot of freedom in the choice of performers. The same piece can sound totally different if performed by two professionals, two young students, or one young student and one professional.

Additionally, each duet is dedicated to a friend, musician, or person that Berio admired, and can be likened to a musical portrait. Berio said that the pieces were inspired by the “fragile thread of daily occasions” and therefore the pieces are not true portraits, but sometimes illustrations of an event which happened, a shared history between Berio and the dedicatee, or as in the case of Stravinsky, Bartók, or Boulez, an homage to a piece composed by that composer.

Finally, the Duetti serve not only to introduce young musicians to Berio's style, but the full performance of the 34 duets is also a great introduction of 20th century musical concepts to audiences. Since each duet is very short, there is much variety in a performance of the works, and since each duet focuses on one or two 20th century techniques while still staying in a very familiar tonal world, audiences can be challenged while still maintaining a handhold on familiar territory.
The Needs and Readiness of the Islamic Banks to Adopt the Comprehensive Islamic Accounting Standards: The Malaysian Experience
Authors: Abdul Fatah Muhammad Mukhlis , Md. Thani Azlan bin , Muhammad Anuar bin , Mohamad Azhan Maisarah binti , Mohamad Nujba binti , Ismail Nur Iylia Amni binti
Published: September 2024

The Islamic finance sector in Malaysia has seen substantial growth over the past few decades, becoming one of the leading markets for Islamic financial products and services. This growth has brought about significant challenges in financial reporting, primarily due to the limitations of conventional International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in addressing the unique characteristics of Islamic financial transactions. The shari’ah transactions are governed by Shariah principles, which prohibit interest (riba) and emphasize on risk-sharing, ethical investments, and social justice. The study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current issues and debates surrounding the need for comprehensive Islamic accounting standards in Malaysia. It will review recent literature, regulatory developments, and the experiences of practitioners in the particular field. Furthermore, the report seeks to highlight the readiness of Bank Negara Malaysia and all Islamic Banks to adopt Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institution (AAOIFI) standards and explore the feasibility of integrating these standards within the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) framework. Additionally, this report aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on Islamic accounting by offering critical insights and recommendations for policymakers, regulators, and financial institutions. The ultimate goal is to enhance the transparency, comparability, and reliability of financial reporting in the Islamic finance sector, thereby promoting its sustainable growth and integration into the global financial system.
Synthesis and in vitro study of redox properties of pyrrole and halogenated pyrrole derivatives
Authors: Petkovic Milos , Kotur-Stevuljevic Jelena , Jovanovic Predrag , Jovanovic Milos , Mitrovic Nikola , Simic Milena , Tasic Gordana , Savic Vladimir
Published: September 2024

The redox balance plays a crucial role in maintaining biological processes
under normal conditions. Antioxidants inhibit and reduce harmful oxidation
processes, while pro-oxidants can act as anti-cancer agents by promoting
ROS-mediated cell death. The aim of this study is to compare the redox
properties of seven newly synthesised tribromopyrrole derivatives with three
novel and four previously synthesized non-halogenated analogues in an in
vitro model (in human serum) and with exogenously induced oxidative stress.
The obtained values of their oxy scores (OS) were compared and the result
showed that four non-halogenated pyrrole derivatives with secondary amide
group M2, M10, M11 and M12 have lower OS values than Trolox, a water-soluble
analogue of vitamin E with proven antioxidant properties. All four compounds
show strong resistance to oxidative stress, which is reflected in the
maintenance of negative OS values when exposed to exogenous oxidative stress
using TBH in the reaction mixture. This capability to resist invading ROS
should be expected also in an endogenous environment, where constant
prooxidant production takes place at a low, homeostatic level, but even more
so in pathological conditions. The tribrominated derivative M15 showed
prooxidant activity with a significantly higher OS value than all other
compounds tested. The comparison of the dose-response of Trolox and the five
compounds with the lowest OS also shows that compounds M2, M7 and M10 have
better antioxidant activity than Trolox.
Lebrikizumab Combined with Topical Corticosteroids Improves Patient-reported Outcomes in Japanese Patients with Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Tanaka Akio , Igawa Ken , Takahashi Hidetoshi , Shimizu Ryosuke , Kataoka Yoko , Torisu-Itakura Hitoe , Morisaki Yoji , Montmayeur Sonia , Katoh Norito
Published: September 2024

Lebrikizumab has previously demonstrated efficacy in Phase 3 trials: ADvocate1 and ADvocate2 (as monotherapy), ADhere, and ADhere-J (in combination with topical corticosteroids). Here, the impact of lebrikizumab combined with low- to mid-potency topical corticosteroids on patient-reported outcomes at 16 weeks in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis is evaluated. Eligible patients (n = 286) were randomized 2:2:3 to receive placebo+ topical corticosteroids, 250 mg lebrikizumab every 4 weeks (LEBQ4W+topical corticosteroids, 500 mg loading dose at baseline), or 250 mg lebrikizumab every 2 weeks (LEBQ2W+ topical corticosteroids, 500 mg loading dose at baseline and Week 2) by subcutaneous injection. All PRO endpoints for the study were met; patients in the lebrikizumab in combination with topical corticosteroids groups demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements compared with placebo in combination with topical corticosteroids in Skin Pain NRS, DLQI, POEM, WPAI-AD, and SCORAD scales. Lebrikizumab combined with topical corticosteroids compared with placebo+topical corticosteroids improved patient-reported outcomes in Japanese patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
Dental Sedation and General Anesthesia Considerations for Patients Posthepatic Transplantation
Authors: Hoang Tiffany , Frydman Alon , Dowdy Regina A. E.
Published: September 2024

Hepatic compromise poses significant impacts upon the care of patients undergoing routine dental treatment. When sedation or general anesthesia is planned for dental treatment or oral and maxillofacial surgery, an understanding of basic liver function and clinical evaluation can assist in adapting treatment modifications for patients with limited function due to previous disease and resultant organ transplantation efforts. Beginning with a basic overview of hepatic physiology, this review will outline the specific functions of digestion, metabolism, synthesis, and detoxification involving the liver. Specific clinical considerations will be reviewed regarding comorbidities that develop prior to and after liver transplantation that often impact a patient’s suitability for ambulatory and office-based care. Lastly, choices in both local anesthetics, sedative medications, general anesthetics, and postoperative analgesics utilized in dental treatment will be discussed.
Intranasal Premedication With Dexmedetomidine in an Adult Patient With Intellectual Disabilities: A Case Report
Authors: Tanaka Jotaro , Miyake Saki , Fujimoto Maki , Nishioka Yukiko , Higuchi Hitoshi , Miyawaki Takuya
Published: September 2024

Recently, intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been reported to be effective as a preanesthetic medication, mostly in healthy pediatric patients. We attempted to administer intranasal DEX premedication in this case to an adult patient with intellectual disability who previously had difficulty tolerating premedication with oral midazolam. Using an intranasal atomization delivery device (MAD Nasal, Teleflex), we administered 1.5 µg/kg of DEX intranasally and were able to achieve adequate sedation, which facilitated a smooth mask induction of general anesthesia with sevoflurane. Premedication with intranasal DEX may be a useful method for enabling induction of general anesthesia in adult patients with intellectual disabilities.
Corporate Entrepreneurship Dimensions and Corporate Market Share of Selected Food and Beverages Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Adedoyin Opeyemi Okusanya  , Adeolu Oludare Olatoye  , Taiwo Olubunmi Keinde  , Adebola Ademola Adebayo
Published: September 2024

The growth of the food and beverage manufacturing sector in Nigeria is hampered by the lack of adoption of corporate entrepreneurship and lack of business innovation, resulting in limited organizational progress among food and beverage companies. This study investigates the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and market share in selected food and beverage manufacturing companies in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study uses a survey research design, explicitly targeting six leading food and beverage companies in Nigeria that collectively dominate 93% of the industry's overall market share. The overall population consisted of 2,786 employees, and the sample size of 642 was determined using the Cochran formula and multi-stage sampling techniques. Data collection uses a questionnaire. The data analysis process includes the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The research results show a strong correlation between business innovation, internal business environment, resource utilization, organizational flexibility, proactiveness, risk-taking, and company market share in the selected companies. This research determines that the entrepreneurial dimension of the company has a positive and significant influence on the company's market share. This study suggests that senior managers should proactively engage elements of corporate entrepreneurship to stimulate creative concepts for new and improved products, processes, applications, and services that align with market needs and improve overall performance.
Peran Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Menghadapi Quarter Life Crisis pada Remaja
Authors: Rani Hartati Tarigan  , Elfi Yanti Ritonga
Published: September 2024

Quarter life crisis merupakan fase yang dialami individu diusia awal dewasa yang akan memberikan dampak pada interaksi sosial remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komunikasi interpersonal dapat membantu remaja dalam menghadapi dan mengatasi quarter life crisis. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi terhadap 4 orang remaja yang termasuk karakteristik quarter life crisis serta 3 orang tua dalam upaya membantu anak melewati fase Quarter Life Crisis. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar kuesioner dan pedoman observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi yang terbuka, empati,  dan mendukung dapat mengurangi stres, meningkatkan kesejahteraan emosional, serta memberikan perspektif yang lebih jelas mengenai pilihan hidup. Sehingga strategi komunikasi yang efektif merupakan alat penting bagi remaja dalam mengelola quarter life crisis. Individu perlu melakukan pengamatan, dan mendekatkan diri pada Allah melakukan self talk, self healing, dekat dengan kelurga, teman serta melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan positif. Hal ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan yang penting bagi masyarakat, institusi pendidikan dan juga sosial untuk memberikan dukungan dan bimbingan yang tepat kepada individu yang mengalami quarter life crisis.
Violence against minors: concept and types
Authors: Humin Oleksii , Szajna Arkadiusz
Published: September 2024

Protecting children from violent criminal offenses that infringe on their life, health, morality and sexual inviolability is a priority national security task that unites the efforts of the family, the state and civil society. Domestic violence against minors has characteristic features related to the specifics of the mechanism of committing criminal offenses, the causes and conditions that determine it, the personality of the perpetrators, and the peculiarities of the victim’s behavior, which must be taken into account when developing special prevention measures. The analysis of legislation and specialized literature leads to the conclusion that today there is No. single approach to the definition of a number of the most important concepts related to the topic of this study. This primarily concerns the concepts of “family” and “violence”. The concept of “violence” is now widely used not only in everyday life, but is also included in the terminology of various sciences. Philosophy, psychology, criminal law, criminology, forensics and other sciences approach the problem of defining the concept of “violence” independently, without using existing definitions in related fields. The definition of violence may vary depending on the purpose of its use. This is due to the fact that violence itself has a rather “broad format”. It is a social and legal phenomenon that is not limited to the criminal law. In other words, violence can include criminal offenses, administrative offenses, as well as other forms of behavior that are not formally torts, but contradict generally accepted and approved norms of behavior, forming the prerequisites for violent crime as such. In this regard, it is necessary to clarify that in the context of this study, only the criminal law concept of violence will be used, assessed from the standpoint of criminal law as an offense and, accordingly, possessing all its features. Such a concept is necessary for a clear definition of the subject of research and its use to distinguish related issues in the process of studying empirical material.
Effectiveness of measures to prevent road accidents: an overview of current strategies and approaches
Authors: Davydovych Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the problem of road traffic accidents (RTA) and reviews current strategies and approaches to prevent and reduce them. The significance of this problem is that the health of road users and the safety of vehicle traffic on roads is one of the most important global societal issues, especially with the continuous growth in the number of vehicles and the pace of urban activity. The article examines various aspects of road traffic accident prevention, including legal, technical, psychological and educational measures. It analyzes current trends in the development and implementation of road safety programs, as well as successful practices to reduce the number of accidents and injuries on the roads. Based on a study of the effectiveness of various strategies and programs aimed at reducing the number of accidents and casualties in traffic accidents, the article provides information on which measures are most effective and how they can be implemented in different contexts. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of cooperation between the authorities, public organizations and citizens in implementing road safety. The article also discusses in detail the importance of preventive measures, which may include educational campaigns and awareness-raising activities on vehicle safety on the roads. It also analyzes the legal norms and penalties for violations of traffic rules and the possibility of studying and using the experience of other countries, in particular Poland, in ensuring the safety of vehicles on the roads. The concluding part of the article discusses the prospects for the future development of road safety systems and the challenges that may arise in the future. The findings of this study can be useful for policy makers, researchers, and road safety professionals to improve road safety and reduce the number of road traffic accidents.
Criminal liability for state treason: domestic and foreign experience
Authors: Kovalchuk Olena
Published: September 2024

The article examines the issue of criminal liability for state treason based on the domestic and foreign experience of certain countries. The conducted research allows us to conclude that the problem of state treason remains relevant in a number of foreign countries as well. However, for Ukraine, since the beginning of its modern formation as an independent state, amidst the ongoing war by the Russian Federation against Ukraine, and especially in the conditions of its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the issue of state treason and the establishment of proper criminal responsibility for committing such a crime has become extremely acute. Consideration of the issue of normative-legal regulation of criminal liability for state treason in Ukraine and certain foreign countries, such as the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, Denmark, France, Sweden, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Belgium, Spain, and Georgia, allows for further exploration of the effective counteraction to this crime. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the criminal legislation of some countries, unlike Ukraine, there are No. special grounds for exemption from criminal liability for state treason. In these cases, the legislator is either strict towards individuals who commit the respective crime or there is a possibility that exempting individuals from criminal responsibility may create a sense of impunity. In order to avoid problematic issues in the application of Article 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in practice and taking into account the existing real threats to the sovereignty, territorial integrity, inviolability, defense capability, state, economic, or information security of Ukraine, it is proposed to consider the possibility of expanding the objective side of state treason at the legislative level, namely the list of forms in which it can manifest and the list of subjects of state treason.