bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly conductive RuO2 thin films from novel facile aqueous chemical solution deposition
Authors: Angermann Martina , Jakopic Georg , Prietl Christine , Griesser Thomas , Reichmann Klaus , Deluca Marco
Published: September 2023

Ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) thin films were synthesized by Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) on silicon substrates using only water and acetic acid as solvents. The microstructure, phase purity, electrical and optical properties as well as the thermal stability of the thin films have been characterized. The microstructure of the thin films strongly depends on the annealing temperature: A smooth thin film was achieved at an annealing temperature of 600 °C. Higher annealing temperatures (800 °C) led to radial grain growth and an inhomogeneous thin film. A very low resistivity of 0.89 µΩm was measured for a 220 nm-thick thin film prepared at 600 °C. The resistivity of the thin films increases with temperature, which indicates metallic behavior. Phase purity of the thin films was confirmed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Transmission and reflectivity measurements indicate that RuO2 efficiently blocks the UV-VIS and IR wavelengths. The optical constants determined via spectroscopic ellipsometry show high absorption in the near-IR region as well as a lower one in the UV-VIS region. The thermal stability was investigated by post-annealing, confirming that the thin films are stable up to 750 °C in synthetic air.

Graphical Abstract
Friedrichs diagrams: bosonic and fermionic
Authors: Brooks Morris , Lill Sascha
Published: September 2023

We give a mathematically precise review of a diagrammatic language introduced by Friedrichs in order to simplify computations with creation and annihilation operator products. In that language, we establish explicit formulas and algorithms for evaluating bosonic and fermionic commutators. Further, as an application, we demonstrate that the nonlinear Hartree dynamics can be seen as a subset of the diagrams arising in the time evolution of a Bose gas.
Carbonate apatite: effect of serum and impact on the cellular proteome
Authors: Islam Rowshan Ara , Ibnat Nabilah , Ashaie Maeirah Afzal , Abidin Syafiq Asnawi Zainal , Chowdhury Ezharul Hoque
Published: September 2023

Carbonate apatite (CA) is a synthetic derivative of hydroxyapatite, which we have been exploring as a drug delivery nanocarrier in the context of cancer in vitro and in vivo. This nanocarrier showed great potential delivering anti-cancer drugs, plasmids containing tumour suppressor genes and siRNAs against oncogenes in pre-clinical models. We compared here two formulations of CA—the low-Ca2+ CA (made with 4 mM Ca2+) used for in vitro studies in cell lines and the high-Ca2+ CA (made with 40 mM Ca2+) used in mouse models—in terms of protein corona formed with different concentrations of serum in vivo and in vitro. The 10-fold more Ca2+ in high-Ca2+ CA helped produce enough particles in an injectable volume for in vivo delivery of therapeutics. Both formulations made particles of similar size, but their composition differed slightly in terms of Na and Mg content. In serum-containing media, the size of the particles was dependent on the serum concentration. The protein corona around both formulations was almost similar and included albumin, fetuin, haemoglobin, and immunoglobulins. CA was not cytotoxic, and instead an increased expression of ribosomal machinery and glycolytic and cytoskeletal proteins was observed, which promoted translation, growth, and proliferation in cancer cells.
The denominator rule with unit ratio difference
Authors: Färe Rolf , Karagiannis Giannis
Published: September 2023

In this paper we extend the denominator rule for ratios given in different units of measurement and we explain how to derive the relevant aggregation shares, which are given in terms of the denominator variable and the constants converting the relevant variables into the same unit of measurement.
A Novel Free-Gliding Ski Tribometer for Quantification of Ski–Snow Friction with High Precision
Authors: Sandberg Joakim , Kalliorinne Kalle , Hindér Gustav , Holmberg Hans-Christer , Almqvist Andreas , Larsson Roland
Published: September 2023

The nature of snow and the ever-changing environment makes measuring friction on snow and ice challenging. Additionally, due to the low friction involved, the equipment used must exhibit high sensitivity. Previous investigations of ski–snow friction have ranged from small-scale model experiments performed in the laboratory to experiments with full-sized skis outdoors. However, few have been conducted under conditions similar to those encountered during actual skiing. Here, we present a novel sled tribometer which provides highly reproducible coefficient of friction (COF) values for full-sized skis gliding at relevant speeds (approximately 5.9 m/s) in a controlled indoor environment. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the COF is as low as 0.5%. The continuous recording of velocity allows for innovative investigations into COF variations when skis are permitted to free-glide in a natural setting. Different methods of analysing the results are presented which shows that the precision is not a single number, but a function of the range of velocities over which the average COF is calculated.

Graphical abstract
Transcriptomics and biochemical evidence of trigonelline ameliorating learning and memory decline in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model by suppressing proinflammatory cytokines and elevating neurotransmitter release
Authors: Aktar Sharmin , Ferdousi Farhana , Kondo Shinji , Kagawa Tamami , Isoda Hiroko
Published: September 2023

In recent years, exploring natural compounds with functional properties to ameliorate aging-associated cognitive decline has become a research priority to ensure healthy aging. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Trigonelline (TG), a plant alkaloid, on memory and spatial learning in 16-week-old senescence-accelerated mouse model SAMP8 using an integrated approach for cognitive and molecular biology aspects. After 30 days of oral administration of TG at the dose of 5 mg/kg/day, the mice were trained in Morris Water Maze task. TG-treated SAMP8 mice exhibited significant improvement in the parameters of escape latency, distance moved, and annulus crossing index. Next, we performed a whole-genome transcriptome profiling of the mouse hippocampus using microarrays. Gene ontology analyses showed that a wide range of biological processes, including nervous system development, mitochondrial function, ATP synthesis, and several signaling pathways related to inflammation, autophagy, and neurotransmitter release, were significantly enriched in TG-treated SAMP8 compared to nontreated. Further, a nonlinear dimensionality reduction technique, Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), was applied to identify clusters of functions that revealed TG primarily regulated pathways related to inflammation, followed by those involved in neurotransmitter release. In addition, a protein–protein interaction network analysis indicated that TG may exert its biological effects through negatively modulating Traf6-mediated NF-κB activation. Finally, ELISA test showed that TG treatment significantly decreased proinflammatory cytokines- TNFα and IL6 and increased neurotransmitters- dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin in mouse hippocampus. Altogether, our integrated bio-cognitive approach highlights the potential of TG in alleviating age-related memory and spatial impairment.
Integrated Information is not Causation: Why Integrated Information Theory’s Causal Structures do not Beat Causal Reductionism
Authors: Sánchez-Cañizares Javier
Published: September 2023

In a recent work (Grasso et al., 2021), practitioners of the Integrated Information Theory (IIT) claim to have overcome the weaknesses of causal reductionism in producing a coherent account of causation, as causal reductionism would blatantly conflate causation with prediction and could not answer the question of ‘what caused what.’ In this paper, I reject such a dismissal of causal reductionism since IIT anti-reductionists misunderstand the reductionist stance. The reductionists can still invoke a causal account stemming from the causal power of the universe’s basic units and interactions that, eventually, may lead to structures supporting integrated information. Additionally, I claim that the IIT-inspired misunderstanding of causal reductionism originates from the former’s metaphysical deficit, conflating information with causation. However, as a possible way out, if IIT is complemented with a deeper metaphysical ground, such as nested hylomorphism, an improved argument against causal reductionism can be made to work by invoking formal causality as the ultimate cause of integration in natural systems.
Fixed Combination for the Treatment of Dyslipidaemia
Authors: Ferri Nicola , Ruscica Massimiliano , Santos Raul D. , Corsini Alberto
Published: September 2023

Purpose of Review

It is clear from epidemiological studies that patients at high and very-high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk do not reach lipid guideline–recommended targets. Thus, fixed-dose combinations of statins/ezetimibe, bempedoic acid/ezetimibe and statins/fibrates may represent a further armamentarium in the field of lipid-lowering approaches in these individuals.

Recent Findings

The combination therapy of moderate-intensity statin with ezetimibe is not inferior to high-intensity statin monotherapy in reducing cardiovascular outcomes. Drug discontinuation or dose reduction is inferior with fixed-dose combination. The fixed-dose combination of bempedoic acid with ezetimibe is superior to bempedoic acid in monotherapy in lowering LDL-C and in reducing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations. The combination fenofibrate with atorvastatin is superior to monotherapies in lowering triglycerides.

Lipid-lowering fixed-dose combinations may guarantee a higher therapy adherence, representing a better approach to control plasma lipids and thus ameliorate ASCVD burden. Additional studies will define the advantages on cardiovascular outcomes in high and very high-risk patients.
Recent Advances in CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery Approaches for Therapeutic Gene Editing of Stem Cells
Authors: Lotfi Malihe , Morshedi Rad Dorsa , Mashhadi Samaneh Sharif , Ashouri Atefeh , Mojarrad Majid , Mozaffari-Jovin Sina , Farrokhi Shima , Hashemi Maryam , Lotfi Marzieh , Ebrahimi Warkiani Majid , Abbaszadegan Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2023

Rapid advancement in genome editing technologies has provided new promises for treating neoplasia, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and monogenic disorders. Recently, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has emerged as a powerful gene editing tool offering advantages, including high editing efficiency and low cost over the conventional approaches. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), with their great proliferation and differentiation potential into different cell types, have been exploited in stem cell-based therapy. The potential of hPSCs and the capabilities of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been paradigm-shifting in medical genetics for over two decades. Since hPSCs are categorized as hard-to-transfect cells, there is a critical demand to develop an appropriate and effective approach for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery into these cells. This review focuses on various strategies for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in stem cells.

Graphical Abstract
Lethal complication of a rare cardiac tumor
Authors: Siegel S. , Claus L. , Kamphausen T. , Feld K.
Published: September 2023

Cardiac tumors, especially malignant ones, are rare and diagnosis is challenging since symptoms manifest late and are often non-specific. Achieving a histological diagnosis prior to resection is also difficult because biopsies often fail to yield conclusive results. Due to the low frequency, no standard treatment protocol exists and the prognosis is poor. We present a case of a cardiac sarcoma, which was found during an autopsy performed with regard to medical malpractice, because the patient died due to a medical intervention. To report cases like this is important to gain more knowledge about possible complications regarding rare diseases.
Need satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour towards the organization. A process-oriented approach
Authors: Spanouli Andromachi , Bidee Jemima , Hofmans Joeri
Published: September 2023

Although citizenship behaviours can vary for each individual over the course of months, weeks, or even days, research has predominantly looked at this concept through a static lens. In this paper, we combine a between- and within-person level approach in examining the circumstances under which people engage in organizational citizenship behaviours towards the organization (OCBO). Drawing from conservation of resources theory, we tested how fluctuations in resources, represented by need satisfaction, relate to fluctuations in OCBO at three different levels: between individuals, within individuals, as well as over time. Seventy-three volunteers working in holiday camps filled out a daily diary study for eight consecutive working days, measuring OCBO and need satisfaction (N = 439). Multilevel regression analyses revealed that individuals who were on average higher in need satisfaction performed on average more OCBOs. At the within-person level, higher momentary levels of need satisfaction related to higher levels of OCBO, whereas over time, changes in need satisfaction were positively associated to changes in OCBO. Our focus on the evolvement of OCBOs over individuals and over time gives us a more complete account of not only who engages in OCBO but also under which circumstances, an understanding that comes with important implications both for theory and practice.
Lithostratigraphy of the Paleogene Deccan Intra-, Intertrappeans of the Saurashtra, Western India and their Prevalence in Large Igneous Provinces
Authors: Patel Satish J. , Shah Nishi H.
Published: September 2023

The periphery of the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) of India comprises sedimentary succession deposited during the waning phase of volcanism across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary which preserves the continental biota. The Saurashtra Peninsula, a part of the Saurashtra-Kachchh sub-province, exposes thick intertrappean sedimentary successions, systematically described to understand the stratigraphic framework with respect to the lava flows and their geographic distinctness. The thickness of the exposed sections is measured, and contact and continuities are marked, revealing two different, small geographically isolated but adjacent, coeval basins, named the Ninama Basin and Chotila Basin, initially comprising fine grain sediment, followed by thick conspicuous limestone and chert deposits respectively. Formal lithostratigraphic unit names are proposed for both basins: Ninama Basin comprises lithic arenite, fossiliferous limestone, bedded siltstone, mudstone and claystone, and is divided into Sukhbhadar Formation and Ninama Limestone. Chotila Basin comprises calcareous sandstone, bedded siltstone, silty shale and mudstone, claystone and chert divided into Rangpar Formation, Chotila Chert, and Bamanbor Formation. Lithology and palynofossil evidence suggest restricted continental environments with varying salinities during the Paleogene.
Timing of Garnet Growth in Granulites from Southern India: Insights from Zircon-monazite-garnet REE Partition Modeling
Authors: Sajna S. , Tomson J.K. , Dev J. Amal , Sorcar Nilanjana
Published: September 2023

The Nagercoil block, which is situated at the southernmost part of the Southern Granulite Terrane of south India, is dominantly comprised of garnet-bearing I-type massive charnockites. These charnockites preserve imprints of two major thermal events timed at Palaeoproterozoic (∼2.0-1.9 Ga) and Neoproterozoic (∼550 Ma). However, there is a lack of understanding on correlating the growth and stabilization of garnets within these charnockites, corresponding to these events. In the present study, rare earth element-based partition modeling between garnet and age-constrained accessory phases such as zircon and monazite is carried out to identify the exact timing of garnet formation in a representative sample from the area. U-Pb dating of zircon cores constrains the timing of protolith emplacement at ∼2.0 Ga and metamorphism at ∼550 Ma from zircon rims and monazites. REE modeling of zircon and monazite from these age domains suggests an equilibrium relation between the Neoproterozoic zircon rims and monazites, while the Palaeoproterozoic zircon cores are not in equilibrium with garnet. These results suggest that the formation of garnets in the Nagercoil charnockites is in response to the Neoproterozoic metamorphism recorded in the terrane associated with the final stage of the Gondwana supercontinent assembly.
Evaluation of Maturity (Late Diagenesis) in Source Rocks of Jaisalmer Basin in Rajasthan, India using 57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy
Authors: Ram Sahi
Published: September 2023

The potential of a source rock for hydrocarbon generation depends on several factors such as the amount, type and maturity level of the organic matter present in it as well as the redox conditions in which the sediments containing the source rocks were deposited. Organic-rich sediments deposited in reducing environment have better prospects for a good quality source rock as compared to those deposited in oxidizing environments. The information about the oxidizing/reducing environment at the time of deposition can be obtained from the presence or absence of certain iron-bearing minerals in sediments. The presence of oxide minerals goethite (α-FeOOH) and/or hematite (α-Fe2O3) indicates that sediments were deposited in an oxidizing environment. Therefore the study of iron-bearing minerals in sediments can be used to understand the qualities of the source rocks.

Sedimentary samples were collected from different depths of three wells BT-3, DND-1 and LNR-1 located in different structures of the Jaisalmer basin were investigated to understand the chemical state of iron by using Mössbauer spectroscopy. In most of the samples, iron was found mainly in the form of pyrite (FeS2), siderite (Fe, Mg) CO3, 2:1 layer silicates in high spin Fe3+ and high spin Fe2+ state and (Ca, Fe, Mg) carbonates. In the samples from Lathi and Shumarwali formations that belong to the lower Jurassic and Triassic sequences, α-Fe2O3 (hematite) was indeed observed. It was present in a narrow sedimentary depth interval in the wells BT-3 and DND-1 and in a much broader thickness in well LNR-1. The other sedimentary sequences younger than the Lower Jurassic sediments have not shown the presence of any oxide mineral.

The present study indicates that oxidizing environment was present in the entire basin in the Lower Jurassic era at least for some duration. However, the degree of oxidation was not uniform as evident from the distribution pattern of iron oxide mineral (α-Fe2O3). Mössbauer studies of source rocks can also be used as a fingerprint to get information about the thermal history (Palaeo-temperature) of sedimentary sequence which is crucial in hydrocarbon prospecting.
Sedimentary Parameters and Evolution of the Outwash Plain Deposits during Late Holocene in the Gangotri Glacier Region, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Singh Anoop Kumar , Dubey Chetan Anand , Singh Dhruv Sen , Kumar Dhirendra , Sharma Rajveer
Published: September 2023

Gangotri glacier located in the Uttarkashi District of the Garhwal Himalaya, is one of the longest valley glacier. It exhibits Lateral Moraines (LM), Recessional Moraines (RM), Kame Terraces (KT) and Outwash Plains (OWP) as important landforms. The sediments coded in these landforms, provide the information about sedimentary characteristics, and the evolutionary history of the Gangotri Glacier Region (GGR). The Gangotri is a well studied glacier, however the sedimentological characteristics and evolution of many landforms are yet to be understood. Therefore, present paper aimed to explain the sedimentological characteristics and the evolutionary history of the outwash plain deposits.

The OWP deposits were studied by making a trench near Bhujbas and collecting the samples from it. The granulometric analysis explain that the mean grain size of the OWP sediments varies from 0.258 ϕ to 2.006 ϕ indicate coarse to medium sand. The skewness, varies from 0.138 ϕ to 0.427 ϕ indicate dominance of fine grained sediments. The kurtosis varying from 0.839 ϕ to 1.067 ϕ explain the dominance of finer sediments. The standard deviation varies from 1.210 ϕ to 1.633 ϕ thus indicating poor sorting of the OWP deposits and fluctuation in the energy of the depositional environment. Five sedimentary facies identified are gravel sandy facies, ripple laminated silty sand facies, sandy facies, poorly sorted sandy facies and silty sand facies.

The study describes that the OWP deposits are stratified, consolidated to semi-consolidated, coarse to fine grained silt, sand and gravels with primary sedimentary structures, which are evolved by glacio-fluvial environment under fluctuating energy conditions during the late Holocene period.
Feasibility assessment of manufacturing carbonized blocks from rice husk charcoal
Authors: Hwang Young-Min , Roh Jae-Seung , Nam Gibeop
Published: September 2023

Artificial graphite has recently attracted significant interest as a promising carbon material for industrial applications because of its high heat and chemical resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and low thermal expansion. However, its practical use is severely limited by its high preparation costs and poor cycling stability. In this study, rice husk charcoal (RHC) was prepared from agricultural biowaste using a pyrolysis (heat treatments) method in this study. We investigated the effect of the heat-treatment temperature on rice husk via elemental and thermogravimetric analyses. The results indicated that the rice husk heat treated at 400 °C (RHC 400) was thermally stable with a high carbon content. Its preparation process was also relatively inexpensive. Further, carbonized blocks were prepared using the fabricated RHC and compared their properties with those of artificial graphite scrap (AGS) carbonized blocks. The bulk density, porosity, flexural strength, and electrical resistivity of the RHC carbonized block were 1.14 g/cm3, 24.65%, 52.55 MPa, and 142.93 μΩm, respectively. These results demonstrate that the flexural strength and electrical resistivity of the RHC-prepared block were higher than those of the AGS carbonized block. In contrast, its density was lower than that of the AGS carbonized block.
Consideration of the influences of the driving direction within the calculation of the pitting load-carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears
Authors: Constien Lorenz , Drechsel Alexander , Pellkofer Josef , Reimann Tobias , Stahl Karsten
Published: September 2023

Pitting is, besides scuffing, tooth flank fracture and the phenomenon micropitting, one of the primary failure modes of the flank load-carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears. The international standard ISO 10300-2:2014 is widely used for the estimation of the flank load-carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears based on operational data and the macrogeometry of the gear set. The calculated safety factors against pitting often show similar values for pinion and wheel. Due to similar safety factors against pitting, the gear is expected to fail as often as the pinion. However, investigations in the field do not confirm this. Initial experimental investigations show an influence of the driven and driving part of the gear set. Within this paper, the phenomenon regarding the driven and driving part of the gear set will be discussed for the first time and the influence parameter will be clarified. Because of the potential for recuperation in electrified agricultural tractors, railroad trains, hybrid and electrical vehicles, this topic is of great importance. In this context an actual calculation approach based on the standard calculation method of the ISO 10300-2:2014 will be presented and verified with test results.
Aspetti neuropsicologici dell’eccesso di GH
Authors: Sala Elisa , Mantovani Giovanna
Published: September 2023

Sommario

L’acromegalia è una malattia sistemica con segni e sintomi caratteristici, tra cui alterazioni delle caratteristiche facciali e ingrossamento delle estremità acrali. Sebbene le alterazioni neuropsicologiche non siano storicamente associate a questa malattia, la pratica clinica ha dimostrato che sintomi psicologici possono essere presenti nei pazienti acromegalici e avere un impatto significativo sulla qualità della vita. La qualità della vita nel paziente con acromegalia è un parametro importante per definire il compenso di malattia globale ed è direttamente influenzata, oltre che dalle terapie e dalla sintomatologia clinica, anche dal quadro neuropsicologico. Ad oggi, diversi studi hanno individuato una maggiore incidenza di patologia neuropsicologica nei pazienti affetti da acromegalia; in particolare, i pazienti hanno tassi più elevati di disturbi affettivi come depressione, ansia e disturbi somatici. Inoltre, come intuibile, anche le modificazioni dell’aspetto corporeo contribuiscono a innescare disturbi di percezione del proprio corpo che, oltre ad essere debilitanti di per sé, contribuiscono al mantenimento e all’aggravarsi della patologia psicologica in generale. Inoltre, valutazioni più complete e specialistiche dal punto di vista neurocognitivo hanno dimostrato come i pazienti acromegalici soffrano anche di una diminuzione della performance cognitiva in diversi domini, peggiorando ulteriormente il quadro globale e la qualità di vita. È interessante segnalare come tutte queste problematiche dipendenti dall’effetto di GH sul sistema nervoso centrale creino delle alterazioni a lungo termine, che non regrediscono con il raggiungimento del controllo o della cura di malattia. Per questo motivo, oltre ad auspicare ulteriori studi più approfonditi per meglio comprendere l’impatto di GH e IGF1 sul quadro neuropsicologico, raccomandiamo nella pratica clinica maggiore attenzione a questo aspetto, con un approccio sempre più multidisciplinare, comprendente anche la collaborazione di neuropsicologi, psichiatri e neurologi nel team dedicato al paziente acromegalico.
Does cesarean section prevent adverse neonatal outcomes associated with meconium amniotic fluid?
Authors: Ranjbar Amene , Ghamsari Sepideh Rezaei , Taeidi Elham , Mehrnoush Vahid , Darsareh Fatemeh
Published: September 2023

Background

Making decisions regarding the mode of delivery in the cases of meconium amniotic fluid (MAF) presents a challenge for healthcare providers. We aimed to compare the neonatal outcome of MAF cases delivered via cesarean section (CS) versus those delivered vaginally to determine if CS is a protective factor against the adverse neonatal outcomes.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we assessed singleton pregnant mothers diagnosed with MAF who gave birth at a tertiary hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran, between January 2020-2022. Mothers with certain adverse pregnancy conditions were excluded from the study. These conditions included: abnormal fetal heart rate and pattern, bloody amniotic fluid, malpresentation, abnormal placentation, chorioamnionitis, intrauterine growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, obstructed labor, and maternal comorbidities. The MAF mothers were divided into two groups based on the method of delivery: those who had CS and those who had a normal vaginal delivery (NVD). Demographic factors, obstetrical factors, and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results

Out of 746 MAF mothers, 213 (28.5%) underwent CS, while 533 (71.4%) had NVD. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of demographic characteristics. Among MAF mothers who had CS, 66.2% were primiparous, and 33.8% were multiparous. For those who had NVD, 35.1% were primiparous, and 64.9% were multiparous. The first and 5-min Apgar values, rates of asphyxia, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, and neonatal death were not statistically different between the two delivery modes. The rate of newborns who breastfed within the first hour did not differ depending on the mode of delivery. Although initial resuscitation steps were required more frequently in MAF mothers with NVD than in those with CS (11.1% vs. 2.3%), no correlation was found between the mode of delivery and the need for resuscitation using logistic regression.

Conclusions

Our research findings suggest that there were no superior neonatal outcomes in terms of CS compared to NVD in MAF mothers. Further studies are needed to provide more substantial evidence to support this conclusion.
An Outbreak of Paederus Dermatitis in a Suburban Hospital in Southwest China: A Report of 134 Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Li Jianhong , Fu Bao , Mo Jinda , Fu Xiaoyun
Published: September 2023

Reports of paedoptera dermatitis are commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, while reports in China are rare. In September 2022, an outbreak of paedoptera dermatitis occurred in a minority autonomous county in southwestern China. Here, we report 134 patients with paedoptera dermatitis who were treated at the People’s Hospital of Sandu Shui Autonomous County. The skin lesions of these patients were mostly located on the face, neck, trunk, or multiple sites. The skin lesions were mainly distributed in patches and were characterized by vesicular linear or “kissing” lesions. Most patients felt burning pain, and few patients felt pruritus. The treatments with oral antihistamines, calamine lotion, steroids, and antibiotics were effective. For patients with ocular involvement, treatments with oral prednisone and bufexamac cream were effective. All patients recovered within 2 wk. There is a possibility of another outbreak of paedoptera dermatitis in the region. Awareness of the condition and its clinical features will prevent misdiagnosis. Early diagnosis and timely treatment lead to a better prognosis for paederus dermatitis. Simple preventive measures can be undertaken based on the behavioral pattern of this nocturnal beetle.
Fundamentals of Jet Propulsion with Power Generation Applications
Authors: Flack Ronald D.
Published: September 2023

Fully updated and revised, the second edition of this introductory text on air-breathing jet propulsion focuses on the basic operating principles of jet engines and gas turbines. A state-of-the-art review of turboramjet engines, hypersonic applications, geared turbofans, and adaptive cycle engines, accompanies an examination of emissions and pollutants, greatly expanding the importance of power generation gas turbines in industrial applications, and ensuring that students will be introduced to the most current trends in the subject. With completely rewritten chapters on the operating characteristics of components and ideal and nonideal cycle analysis, additional SI units in numerous examples, new and expanded end-of-chapter problems, and updated accompanying software, this remains the ideal text for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in aerospace and mechanical engineering.
Spectral cocycle for substitution tilings
Authors: SOLOMYAK BORIS , TREVIÑO RODRIGO
Published: September 2023

The construction of a spectral cocycle from the case of one-dimensional substitution flows [A. I. Bufetov and B. Solomyak. A spectral cocycle for substitution systems and translation flows. J. Anal. Math.141(1) (2020), 165–205] is extended to the setting of pseudo-self-similar tilings in
${\mathbb R}^d$
, allowing expanding similarities with rotations. The pointwise upper Lyapunov exponent of this cocycle is used to bound the local dimension of spectral measures of deformed tilings. The deformations are considered, following the work of Treviño [Quantitative weak mixing for random substitution tilings. Israel J. Math., to appear], in the simpler, non-random setting. We review some of the results of Treviño in this special case and illustrate them on concrete examples.
The expected nodal volume of non-Gaussian random band-limited functions, and their doubling index
Authors: Sartori Andrea , Wigman Igor
Published: September 2023

The asymptotic law for the expected nodal volume of random non-Gaussian monochromatic band-limited functions is determined in vast generality. Our methods combine microlocal analytic techniques and modern probability theory. A particularly challenging obstacle that we need to overcome is the possible concentration of nodal volume on a small portion of the manifold, requiring solutions in both disciplines and, in particular, the study of the distribution of the doubling index of random band-limited functions. As for the fine aspects of the distribution of the nodal volume, such as its variance, it is expected that the non-Gaussian monochromatic functions behave qualitatively differently compared to their Gaussian counterpart. Some conjectures pertaining to these are put forward within this manuscript.
Derived Category and ACM Bundles of Moduli Space of Vector Bundles on a Curve
Authors: Lee Kyoung-Seog , Moon Han-Bom
Published: September 2023

We show that the derived category of a curve is embedded into the derived category of the moduli space of vector bundles on the curve of coprime rank and degree. We also generalize the semiorthogonal decomposition constructed by Narasimhan and Belmans-Mukhopadhyay. Finally, we produce a one-dimensional family of ACM bundles over the moduli space.
Study of flame–flow interactions in turbulent boundary layer premixed flame flashback over a flat plate using direct numerical simulation
Authors: Chen Guo , Wang Haiou , Gruber Andrea , Luo Kun , Fan Jianren
Published: September 2023

Lean hydrogen/air premixed flame flashback in a turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate is investigated using three-dimensional direct numerical simulation with detailed chemical kinetics. The upstream propagation of the flame takes place in near-wall turbulence and the interaction between the flame and the approaching reactant flow is studied. It is found that backflow regions are always present immediately upstream of flame bulges that are convex towards the reactants, confirming earlier observations. A flashback speed, including the effects of flame displacement speed and flow velocity, is introduced to quantify the flame flashback behaviour. This analysis indicates that the flashback speed is overall positive and it is considerably affected by the presence of the backflow regions. A budget analysis of the pressure transport equation is performed to explain the presence of the backflow regions. It is suggested that the positive dilatation and thermal diffusion terms near the leading edge of flame bulges are the main reasons for the pressure increase, leading to an adverse pressure gradient. The effects of the flame-induced adverse pressure gradient on the structures of the turbulent boundary layer are also investigated. It is revealed that the near-wall mean velocity and skin-friction coefficient are reduced due to the adverse pressure gradient. The coherent vortical structures of the boundary layer turbulence are lifted by the adverse pressure gradient. The analysis of the Reynolds stress component showed that the ejection event is augmented by combustion while the sweep event is attenuated, which facilitates the occurrence of flame flashback.
NEW MODULI SPACES OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL SHEAVES ON
Authors: MU DAPENG
Published: September 2023

We define a one-dimensional family of Bridgeland stability conditions on
$\mathbb {P}^n$
, named “Euler” stability condition. We conjecture that the “Euler” stability condition converges to Gieseker stability for coherent sheaves. Here, we focus on
${\mathbb P}^3$
, first identifying Euler stability conditions with double-tilt stability conditions, and then we consider moduli of one-dimensional sheaves, proving some asymptotic results, boundedness for walls, and then explicitly computing walls and wall-crossings for sheaves supported on rational curves of degrees
$3$
and
$4$
.
The effect of slow-release milk replacer feeding on health and behaviour parameters in dairy breed calves
Authors: Krump Lea , Sayers Ríona G. , Sugrue Katie , Kennedy Emer , O'Mahony Jim , Sayers Gearóid P.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this research paper was to evaluate the effect of a slow-release milk replacer on health and behaviour of neonatal dairy calves. This was done with the potential benefits to welfare during transport in mind. A total of 15 calves were randomly divided into three groups of 5, namely, a control group fed twice in 24 h with 3 l of a conventional milk replacer, a slow-release group fed once in 24 h with 2 l of conventional milk replacer and 1 litre of a specialised micro-encapsulated feed and an enriched-replacer group fed once in 24 h with 3 l of milk replacer enriched with micellar casein. Blood samples were taken before feeding and 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after and analysed for acid–base parameters, electrolytes, glucose, haemoglobin, cortisol, insulin, cholecystokinin and adiponectin. Calf behaviour was recorded between 6 and 14 h after feeding. There was a significant increase in blood pH 6 h after feeding in all groups, but the glucose, HCO3− and base excess increased significantly in the slow-release group only, whereas sodium increased significantly in the enriched group only. Glucose levels remained significantly higher in the slow-release group, relative to the control, at 6, 12, and 18 h after feeding. Insulin levels changed significantly over time in the enriched and control group but remained constant in the slow-release group. Insulin levels were significantly higher in the control group when compared to the slow-release group after feeding. Adiponectin changed significantly over time after feeding in the control group only, but no significant changes were observed between the feeding groups. Behavioural patterns were similar in control and slow release groups but less favourable (less lying time, more vocalisations) in the enriched group. In conclusion, once-daily feeding of slow-release milk replacer demonstrated favourable patterns of blood variables related to satiety and hunger as well as behavioural patterns that did not differ from conventional twice-daily feeding.
Description of two new species, Microlaimus paraaffinis sp. nov. and Pseudomicrolaimus major sp. nov. (Nematoda: Microlaimidae), from Yangma Island, the Yellow Sea, China
Authors: Guo Wen , Wang Mengna , Wang Chunming
Published: September 2023

Two new species of Microlaimidae: Microlaimus paraaffinis sp. nov. and Pseudomicrolaimus major sp. nov. are described from Yangma Island, the Yellow Sea. M. paraaffinis sp. nov. is characterized by body length 662–785 μm, six inner and six outer labial sensilla papilliform, four short cephalic setae 3–4 μm in length, amphidial fovea cryptocircular at level of buccal cavity, spicules L-shaped with equal thickness, gubernaculum boat shaped, tail conico-cylindrical with short cylindrical portion. P. major sp. nov. is characterized by large body size, six inner labial sensilla papilliform, six outer labial sensilla and four cephalic sensilla setiform, eight subcephalic setae present, amphidial fovea cryptospiral, anterior pharynx region at the buccal cavity widened, posterior pharynx region with oval-shaped bulb, spicules curved with proximal portion enlarged, gubernaculum boat shaped, tail short and conical. Pictorial key to genus Pseudomicrolaimus is given.
Use of BeSmooth peripheral stent in paediatric cardiology
Authors: Boudjemline Younes
Published: September 2023

I read with interest the article by Haddad et al concerning the bench testing of BeSmooth peripheral tests, and I would like to share some thoughts and highlight few points.

BeSmooth stent is behaving like any pre-mounted stent available on the market. None can achieve the Holy Grail of being dilatable to adult size without losing their integrity. Until dedicated stents are available, pre-mounted stents are preferred to unmounted stents because of their better profile and deliverability. Technically, proper post-dilatation should be performed in order to avoid and extensive foreshortening and the formation of a ring that would limit further expansion of the stent. BeSmooth stent like other pre-mounted stents can also be used without restriction in situations where overexpansion is not required.

BeSmooth stent platform with the knowledge of its intrinsic properties is, in our opinion, a good add-on to the armamentarium of pre-mounted stents used in paediatric cardiology.
Heritage language development and processing: Non-canonical word orders in Mandarin–English child heritage speakers
Authors: Hao Jiuzhou , Chondrogianni Vasiliki , Sturt Patrick
Published: September 2023

Previous research suggests that child HSs’ performance in offline linguistic tasks is typically worse than their age-matched monolingual peers and is modulated by linguistic and child-level factors. This study examined the comprehension and production of three Mandarin non-canonical structures in 5- to 9-year-old Mandarin–English heritage children and Mandarin-speaking monolingual children, including an online processing task. Results showed that heritage children had different performance in production and offline comprehension across structures compared to monolinguals. In online processing, they showed sensitivity to different cues similarly to monolinguals but took longer to revise initial misinterpretations. Within heritage children, we found that presence of morphosyntactic cues facilitated performance across tasks while cross-linguistic influence was only identified in production and offline comprehension but not in online processing. Additionally, input quantity predicted their production and offline comprehension accuracy of non-canonical structures, whereas age modulated their production. Lastly, online processing was not modulated by age nor input.
A new member of the structured light family: optical spatiotemporal vortices
Authors: Feng Fu , Yuan Xiaocong
Published: September 2023

The burgeoning growth of structured light has opened up new possibilities for harnessing the spatiotemporal coupling effects in light. Optical spatiotemporal vortices, as a subset of spatiotemporal light, have emerged as a focal point of recent research, owing to their distinctive characteristics and vast range for application. This unique structured light will endow photons with a new degree of freedom, promising to revolutionize researchers’ understanding of photonics. Conducting thorough research on optical spatiotemporal vortices will establish a solid foundation for the development of innovative physical mechanisms and advanced applications in photonics.
Hypoxia-inducible factor upregulation by roxadustat attenuates drug reward by altering brain iron homoeostasis
Authors: Yan Pengju , Li Ningning , Ma Ming , Liu Zhaoli , Yang Huicui , Li Jinnan , Wan Chunlei , Gao Shuliu , Li Shuai , Zheng Longtai , Waddington John L. , Xu Lin , Zhen Xuechu
Published: September 2023

Substance use disorder remains a major challenge, with an enduring need to identify and evaluate new, translational targets for effective treatment. Here, we report the upregulation of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression by roxadustat (Rox), a drug developed for renal anemia that inhibits HIF prolyl hydroxylase to prevent degradation of HIF-1α, administered either systemically or locally into selected brain regions, suppressed morphine (Mor)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). A similar effect was observed with methamphetamine (METH). Moreover, Rox also inhibited the expression of both established and reinstated Mor-CPP and promoted the extinction of Mor-CPP. Additionally, the elevation of HIF-1α enhanced hepcidin/ferroportin 1 (FPN1)-mediated iron efflux and resulted in cellular iron deficiency, which led to the functional accumulation of the dopamine transporter (DAT) in plasma membranes due to iron deficiency-impaired ubiquitin degradation. Notably, iron-deficient mice generated via a low iron diet mimicked the effect of Rox on the prevention of Mor- or METH-CPP formation, without affecting other types of memory. These data reveal a novel mechanism for HIF-1α and iron involvement in substance use disorder, which may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of drug abuse. The findings also repurpose Rox by suggesting a potential new indication for the treatment of substance use disorder.
CRNDE mediated hnRNPA2B1 stability facilitates nuclear export and translation of KRAS in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lu Ya , Zou Renrui , Gu Quan , Wang Xinyue , Zhang Junying , Ma Rong , Wang Ting , Wu Jianzhong , Feng Jifeng , Zhang Yuan
Published: September 2023

Development of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves activation of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) signaling. However, the post-transcriptional regulation of KRAS has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we found that the colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE)/heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2B1) axis was notably elevated in CRC and was strongly associated with poor prognosis of patients, while also significantly promoting CRC cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CRNDE maintained the stability of hnRNPA2B1 protein by inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 mediated K63 ubiquitination-dependent protein degradation. CRNDE/hnRNPA2B1 axis facilitated the nuclear export and translation of KRAS mRNA, which specifically activated the MAPK signaling pathway, eventually accelerating the malignant progression of CRC. Our findings provided insight into the regulatory network for stable hnRNPA2B1 protein expression, and the molecular mechanisms by which the CRNDE/hnRNPA2B1 axis mediated KRAS nucleocytoplasmic transport and translation, deeply underscoring the bright future of hnRNPA2B1 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
A cleavage rule for selection of increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants with high efficiency and no detectable off-targets
Authors: Kulcsár Péter István , Tálas András , Ligeti Zoltán , Tóth Eszter , Rakvács Zsófia , Bartos Zsuzsa , Krausz Sarah Laura , Welker Ágnes , Végi Vanessza Laura , Huszár Krisztina , Welker Ervin
Published: September 2023

Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) has been employed as a genome engineering tool with a promising potential within therapeutics. However, its off-target effects present major safety concerns for applications requiring high specificity. Approaches developed to date to mitigate this effect, including any of the increased-fidelity (i.e., high-fidelity) SpCas9 variants, only provide efficient editing on a relatively small fraction of targets without detectable off-targets. Upon addressing this problem, we reveal a rather unexpected cleavability ranking of target sequences, and a cleavage rule that governs the on-target and off-target cleavage of increased-fidelity SpCas9 variants but not that of SpCas9-NG or xCas9. According to this rule, for each target, an optimal variant with matching fidelity must be identified for efficient cleavage without detectable off-target effects. Based on this insight, we develop here an extended set of variants, the CRISPRecise set, with increased fidelity spanning across a wide range, with differences in fidelity small enough to comprise an optimal variant for each target, regardless of its cleavability ranking. We demonstrate efficient editing with maximum specificity even on those targets that have not been possible in previous studies.