bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic narratives and US military bases in Japan: How ‘deterrence’ makes the Marine base on Okinawa ‘indispensable’
Authors: O’Shea Paul
Published: November 2018

Governed directly by the US from the Battle of Okinawa in 1945 until its reversion to Japan in 1972, the island of Okinawa hosts the majority of US military bases in Japan despite comprising only a fraction of a percent of the total land area. The central government in Tokyo has refused to countenance revision of the status quo in the face of increasing local opposition, including mass protests and the election of anti-base politicians at the local, prefectural and national level. The relocation of the controversial Marine base at Futenma to Henoko in the north of the island, has become the locus of opposition in recent years. Activists, local media and local politicians call for it to be relocated outside Okinawa to reduce the burden on the prefecture, while the central government, conservative national media and the US maintain that the current relocation plan must be implemented – to do otherwise would undermine deterrence. This article analyses the projection of the deterrence strategic narrative in the conservative Japanese media. The first section locates the concept of strategic narratives in a discursive epistemology, and highlights the importance of discursively empowered actors, before placing the newspapers in the broader context of the Japanese media environment, which differs from that of other highly developed countries in the way it empowers traditional actors. The main section of the article then traces the development of the narrative from the late 1990s, analysing how it discursively links the Marines’ presence with the ‘China threat’, and how it renders those who question the narrative as naïve, or even dangerous, for potentially undermining the Japan–US alliance and thus the security of all Japan. The article concludes by assessing the effects of the narrative, including potential unintended consequences for deterrence in the long run.
Minimal clinically important difference for the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire: new insights and review of literature
Authors: De Kleermaeker Floriaan G.C.M. , Boogaarts Hieronymus D. , Meulstee Jan , Verhagen Wim I.M.
Published: November 2018

No consensus exists about the minimal clinically important difference for the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, which hampers its clinical application. This study assessed the minimal clinically important difference of this questionnaire. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire was completed by 180 patients, with clinically defined carpal tunnel syndrome, preoperatively and at about 8 months follow-up after carpal tunnel release, together with a six-point scale for perceived improvement. Receiver operator characteristics curves showed that relative changes in Symptom Severity Scale and Functional Status Scale scores correspond better to a clinically relevant improvement than absolute changes. The minimal clinically important difference should be individually calculated from baseline Symptom Severity Scale and Functional Status Scale scores, as patients experiencing more symptoms require more improvement to notice a clinically important difference. By taking this into account, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire is more meaningful as an outcome measure in research and clinical practice.
Histologic identification of intraocular Cytauxzoon felis in three cats
Authors: Meekins Jessica , Cino-Ozuna Ada G
Published: November 2018

Case series summary

A 5-month-old male intact domestic shorthair (DSH) cat (cat 1), a 1-year-old male neutered DSH cat (cat 2) and a 1.5-year-old female spayed DSH cat (cat 3) were submitted for gross necropsy after acute death, with the clinical suspicion of cytauxzoonosis. All three cats displayed signs of rapidly progressive clinical deterioration, including lethargy, anorexia, and hyper- or hypothermia. Cat 1 was euthanized owing to the grave prognosis for survival, whereas cats 2 and 3 were found dead 1–4 days after the onset of clinical signs. Remains were submitted to the Kansas State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for gross necropsy. In all three cats, general examination findings included icterus of the mucous membranes, multifocal pulmonary parenchymal hemorrhages, and splenic reddening and enlargement. Histologic examination revealed macrophages laden with protozoal schizonts diffusely distributed within blood vessels and vascular spaces of all affected organs, including the blood vessels of the uveal tract. The ciliary body within the anterior uveal tract was most affected.

Relevance and novel information

This is the first description of cytauxzoonosis affecting the eyes of infected cats. This report confirms involvement of ocular blood vessels similar to the classic lesions of the lungs, spleen and liver. In cats presenting with a history and clinical findings suggestive of cytauxzoonosis, complete ophthalmic examination is indicated to confirm or rule out ocular involvement.
The associations of social networking site use and self-reported general health, mental health, and well-being among Canadians
Authors: Coyne Paige , Santarossa Sara , Polumbo Nicole , Woodruff Sarah J.
Published: November 2018

Objectives

To investigate social networking site (SNS) use and frequency, and their potential associations with self-reported general health, mental health, and well-being among the Canadian population using the nationally representative 2013 General Social Survey (GSS).

Methods

Data were collected via Statistics Canada GSS 2013 (cycle 27). Six separate one-way analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) were conducted to determine differences in general health, mental health, and well-being for both SNS use and frequency, controlling for age, gender, number of children at home, household location, education, and income.

Results

SNS users were younger (with nearly 96% being 15–24 years old vs. 27% ≥ 75 years; p < .001), female ( p < .001), have three or fewer children at home ( p < .001), live in urban/Prince Edward Island locations, were at the lower or higher ends of household income ( p < .001), and were less educated ( p < .001). Among all Internet users, better general health ( p = .03) was associated with using SNSs, yet better mental health ( p = .001) and well-being ( p = .001) were associated with not using SNSs. Among SNS account-holders, those who never accessed their accounts had significantly lower general health ( p = .007), mental health ( p < .001), and well-being ( p < .001) compared with those who accessed their accounts, regardless of frequency.

Conclusion

Differences exist for SNS use and frequency and health outcomes. However, investigations into the possible differences that may exist between individuals who do not have a SNS account and those who do, but do not use it, are needed in the future.
Formal Volunteer Activity and Psychological Flourishing in Scandinavia: Findings from Two Cross-sectional Rounds of the European Social Survey
Authors: Santini Ziggi Ivan , Meilstrup Charlotte , Hinrichsen Carsten , Nielsen Line , Koyanagi Ai , Krokstad Steinar , Keyes Corey Lee M. , Koushede Vibeke
Published: November 2018

Studies have identified formal volunteer activity as having mental health benefits. This study set out to investigate the role of formal volunteering in the context of psychological flourishing in Scandinavia. Using the European Social Survey conducted in 2006 and 2012, nationally representative cross-sectional data from 7,078 to 7,318 participants aged 15 years and older in Scandinavia were analyzed to assess associations between volunteering and flourishing. The adjusted models for 2006/2012 showed that compared with nonvolunteering, volunteering once per week was associated with twice the likelihood of flourishing—2006: odds ratios (OR) = 2.04 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = [1.15, 3.62]); 2012: OR = 2.05 (95 percent CI = [1.30, 3.24]). This appeared to be the case across pre- and postretirement age. Volunteering is an activity that not only benefits society but is also associated with optimal mental health in the general population.
Consciousness: The last 50 years (and the next)
Authors: Seth Anil K.
Published: November 2018

The mind and brain sciences began with consciousness as a central concern. But for much of the 20th century, ideological and methodological concerns relegated its empirical study to the margins. Since the 1990s, studying consciousness has regained a legitimacy and momentum befitting its status as the primary feature of our mental lives. Nowadays, consciousness science encompasses a rich interdisciplinary mixture drawing together philosophical, theoretical, computational, experimental, and clinical perspectives, with neuroscience its central discipline. Researchers have learned a great deal about the neural mechanisms underlying global states of consciousness, distinctions between conscious and unconscious perception, and self-consciousness. Further progress will depend on specifying closer explanatory mappings between (first-person subjective) phenomenological descriptions and (third-person objective) descriptions of (embodied and embedded) neuronal mechanisms. Such progress will help reframe our understanding of our place in nature and accelerate clinical approaches to a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia
Authors: Reilly Robert F
Published: November 2018

Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome with approximately 500 cases reported. It presents with a variety of nonspecific symptoms including weakness, muscle and bone pain, and fracture. Characteristic laboratory findings are hypophosphatemia, an elevated alkaline phosphatase, normal parathyroid hormone, normal serum calcium concentration, and an inappropriately low 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 concentration. Initially, tumor-induced osteomalacia is misdiagnosed in over 95% of cases. Hypophosphatemia results from renal phosphate wasting occurring as a consequence of FGF-23 production by the tumor. FGF-23 reduces expression and stimulates endocytosis of two sodium-phosphate cotransporters found in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule resulting in renal phosphate wasting. FGF-23 also inhibits the formation and stimulates the degradation of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3. The most common tumor causing tumor-induced osteomalacia is a mixed connective tissue tumor known as a “phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor.” Due to its rarity, it is often misdiagnosed. Molecular studies have shed light on the mechanisms of tumorigenesis with the identification of a fibronectin and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 fusion protein expressed in about half of cases and a fibronectin and fibroblast growth factor 1 fusion protein in a small subset of tumors. Often small and slow growing, the tumors may be found in unusual locations, such as the extremities and nasal sinuses and are difficult to localize. Definitive treatment involves identification and removal of the tumor. Absent tumor removal, therapeutic goals include improvement of symptoms, raising the serum phosphorus concentration to the lower limit of normal, and maintenance or achievement of normal parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase concentration. Two recent drugs that target pathways involved in the molecular pathogenesis of tumor-induced osteomalacia have recently been developed and are in early-phase clinical trials: the humanized anti-FGF-23 monoclonal antibody burosumab (KRN23) and the FGFR-1,2,3 inhibitor NVP-BGJ398.
GM-CSF inhibition reduces cytokine release syndrome and neuroinflammation but enhances CAR-T cell function in xenografts
Authors: Sterner Rosalie M. , Sakemura Reona , Cox Michelle J. , Yang Nan , Khadka Roman H. , Forsman Cynthia L. , Hansen Michael J. , Jin Fang , Ayasoufi Katayoun , Hefazi Mehrdad , Schick Kendall J. , Walters Denise K. , Ahmed Omar , Chappell Dale , Sahmoud Tarek , Durrant Cameron , Nevala Wendy K. , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Pease Larry R. , Hedin Karen E. , Kay Neil E. , Johnson Aaron J. , Kenderian Saad S.
Published: November 2018

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a new pillar in cancer therapeutics; however, its application is limited by the associated toxicities. These include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity. Although the IL-6R antagonist tocilizumab is approved for treatment of CRS, there is no approved treatment of neurotoxicity associated with CD19-targeted CAR-T (CART19) cell therapy. Recent data suggest that monocytes and macrophages contribute to the development of CRS and neurotoxicity after CAR-T cell therapy. Therefore, we investigated neutralizing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a potential strategy to manage CART19 cell–associated toxicities. In this study, we show that GM-CSF neutralization with lenzilumab does not inhibit CART19 cell function in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, CART19 cell proliferation was enhanced and durable control of leukemic disease was maintained better in patient-derived xenografts after GM-CSF neutralization with lenzilumab. In a patient acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenograft model of CRS and neuroinflammation (NI), GM-CSF neutralization resulted in a reduction of myeloid and T cell infiltration in the central nervous system and a significant reduction in NI and prevention of CRS. Finally, we generated GM-CSF–deficient CART19 cells through CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of GM-CSF during CAR-T cell manufacturing. These GM-CSFk/o CAR-T cells maintained normal functions and had enhanced antitumor activity in vivo, as well as improved overall survival, compared with CART19 cells. Together, these studies illuminate a novel approach to abrogate NI and CRS through GM-CSF neutralization, which may potentially enhance CAR-T cell function. Phase 2 studies with lenzilumab in combination with CART19 cell therapy are planned.
Fertility treatment among women with asthma: a case–control study of 3689 women with live births
Authors: Vejen Hansen Anne , Ali Zarqa , Malchau Sara S. , Blafoss Joan , Pinborg Anja , Ulrik Charlotte S.
Published: November 2018

Asthma has been linked with prolonged time to pregnancy. Our aim was to explore a possible association between asthma and need for fertility treatment among women with live births.

All women enrolled in the Management of Asthma during Pregnancy (MAP) programme at Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark were each matched with the next three consecutive women giving birth at Hvidovre Hospital. Information from the Danish National Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) registry was cross-linked with the Danish Medical Birth registry to identify live births. The primary outcome of interest was births following fertility treatment.

Our sample comprised pregnancies from asthmatic mothers (n=932, described as “cases”) and non-asthmatic mothers (n=2757, described as “controls”), with 12% (n=114) and 8% (n=212), respectively, having had fertility treatment (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.32–2.13; p<0.001). This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounders, including body mass index (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.00–1.70; p=0.047). In women ≥35 years, 25% of cases (n=63) and 13% of controls (n=82) received fertility treatment (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.47–3.07; p<0.001), which also remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounders (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.11–2.46; p=0.013).

A higher proportion of the births from asthmatic mothers involved fertility treatment compared to non-asthmatic mothers, not least among women aged ≥35 years.
Immediate bronchodilator response in FEV1as a diagnostic criterion for adult asthma
Authors: Tuomisto Leena E. , Ilmarinen Pinja , Lehtimäki Lauri , Tommola Minna , Kankaanranta Hannu
Published: November 2018

Asthma is characterised by variable and reversible expiratory airflow limitations. Thus, it is logical to use the change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in response to a bronchodilator (ΔFEV1BDR) as a diagnostic tool; increases of ≥12% and ≥200 mL from the baseline FEV1are commonly used values. We aimed to evaluate the historical development of diagnostic cut-off levels for the ΔFEV1BDR for adults and the evidence behind these recommendations.

We searched for studies from the reference lists of all the main statements, reports and guidelines concerning the interpretation of spirometry and diagnostics for asthma and conducted a literature search.

A limited amount of evidence regarding the ΔFEV1BDR in healthy populations was found, and even fewer patient studies were found. In healthy persons, the upper 95th percentile for the absolute ΔFEV1BDR ranges between 240 mL and 320 mL, the relative ΔFEV1BDR calculated from the initial FEV1ranges from 5.9% to 13.3% and the ΔFEV1BDR calculated from the predicted FEV1ranges from 8.7% to 11.6%. However, the absolute and percentage ΔFEV1BDR values calculated from the initial FEV1are dependent on age, sex, height and the degree of airway obstruction. Thus, the use of the ΔFEV1BDR calculated from the predicted FEV1might be more appropriate.

Not enough data exist to assess the sensitivity of any of the cut-off levels for the ΔFEV1BDR to differentiate asthma patients from healthy subjects. Further studies in newly diagnosed asthma patients are needed.
Intra-breath measures of respiratory mechanics in healthy African infants detect risk of respiratory illness in early life
Authors: Gray Diane M. , Czovek Dorottya , McMillan Lauren , Turkovic Lidija , Stadler Jacob A.M. , Vanker Anessa , Radics Bence L. , Gingl Zoltán , Hall Graham L. , Sly Peter D. , Zar Heather J. , Hantos Zoltán
Published: November 2018

Lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children. Sensitive and noninvasive infant lung function techniques are needed to measure risk for and impact of LRTI on lung health. The objective of this study was to investigate whether lung function derived from the intra-breath forced oscillation technique (FOT) was able to identify healthy infants at risk of LRTI in the first year of life.

Lung function was measured with the novel intra-breath FOT, in 6-week-old infants in a South African birth cohort (Drakenstein Child Health Study). LRTI during the first year was confirmed by study staff. The association between baseline lung function and LRTI was assessed with logistic regression and odds ratios determined using optimal cut-off values.

Of the 627 healthy infants with successful lung function testing, 161 (24%) had 238 LRTI episodes subsequently during the first year. Volume dependence of respiratory resistance (ΔR) and reactance (ΔX) was associated with LRTI. The predictive value was stronger if LRTI was recurrent (n=50 (31%): OR 2.5, ΔX), required hospitalisation (n=38 (16%): OR 5.4, ΔR) or was associated with wheeze (n=87 (37%): OR 3.9, ΔX).

Intra-breath FOT can identify healthy infants at risk of developing LRTI, wheezing or severe illness in the first year of life.
High COPD prevalence at high altitude: does household air pollution play a role?
Authors: Brakema Evelyn A. , Tabyshova Aizhamal , Kasteleyn Marise J. , Molendijk Eveline , van der Kleij Rianne M.J.J. , van Boven Job F.M. , Emilov Berik , Akmatalieva Meerim , Mademilov Maamed , Numans Mattijs E. , Williams Sian , Sooronbaev Talant , Chavannes Niels H.
Published: November 2018

Studies comparing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence across altitudes report conflicting results. However, household air pollution (HAP), a major COPD risk factor, was mostly not accounted for in previous analyses and never objectively measured. We aimed to compare the prevalence of COPD and its risk factors between low-resource highlands and lowlands, with a particular focus on objectively measured HAP.

We conducted a population-based, observational study in a highland (∼2050 m above sea level) and a lowland (∼750 m above sea level) setting in rural Kyrgyzstan. We performed spirometry in randomly selected households, measured indoor particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5) and administered a questionnaire on other COPD risk factors. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regressions were used for analyses.

We included 392 participants: 199 highlanders and 193 lowlanders. COPD was more prevalent among highlanders (36.7%versus10.4%; p<0.001). Their average PM2.5exposure was also higher (290.0versus72.0 µg·m−3; p<0.001). In addition to high PM2.5exposure (OR 3.174, 95% CI 1.061–9.493), the altitude setting (OR 3.406, 95% CI 1.483–7.825), pack-years of smoking (OR 1.037, 95% CI 1.005–1.070) and age (OR 1.058, 95% CI 1.037–1.079) also contributed to a higher COPD prevalence among highlanders.

COPD prevalence and HAP were highest in the highlands, and were independently associated. Preventive interventions seem warranted in these low-resource, highland settings. With this study being one of the first spirometry-based prevalence studies in Central Asia, generalisability needs to be assessed.
Reconstructing ancient architecture at Tiwanaku, Bolivia: the potential and promise of 3D printing
Authors: Vranich Alexei
Published: November 2018

The ruins of Tiwanaku (A.D. 500–950), in the modern republic of Bolivia, present an archaeological challenge owing to intense looting during the colonial period that effectively demolished the site. One building in particular, known as the Pumapunku, was described by Spanish conquistadors and travelers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as a wondrous, though unfinished, building with gateways and windows carved from single blocks. Unparalleled in the pre-Colombian New World, the craftsmanship of this masonry has long been considered the architectural apogee of Andean pre-Colombian lithic technology. Unfortunately, during the last 500 years, treasure hunters have ransacked this building to the point that none of approximately shattered remains of 150 blocks of the standing architecture are to be found in their original place. Over the last century and a half, several different scholars have carefully measured the shattered architecture and even managed to join several fragments to form complete pieces. This research revisited these historic field notes with a view to transforming this century and a half of documentation into solid 3D form. These measurements were entered by hand into an architectural modeling program; the virtual form was subsequently printed in 3D form at 4% reduced scale. Unlike large architectural pieces — or notes or models on a computer screen — 3D-printed pieces can be manipulated quickly and intuitively, allowing researchers to try combinations and seek connections rapidly, turning over pieces and testing possible fits. This tactile engagement, along with the ability to quickly try out combinations of the 3D-printed pieces, led to fresh and often unexpected insights. Once refined and simplified, this methodology, was demonstrated to the indigenous site managers who were provided with a full copy of the printed architectural fragments with a view to continuing research and to present the work to visitors, stakeholders and other scholars.
Full-waveform inversion for microseismic events using sparsity constraints
Authors: Shekar Bharath , Sethi Harpreet Singh
Published: November 2018

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool that can be used to invert for microseismic event locations and the source signature because it can exploit the complete waveform information. We have developed an algorithm to invert for a spatio-temporal source function that encapsulates microseismic events with spatially localized or distributed locations and source signatures. The algorithm does not require assumptions to be made about the number or type of sources; however, it does require that the velocity model is close to the true subsurface velocity. We reformulate the conventional FWI algorithm based on the [Formula: see text]-norm data-misfit function by adding sparsity constraints using a sparsity promoting [Formula: see text]-norm as an additional regularization term to get more focused and less noise-sensitive event locations. The Orthant-Wise Limited-memory quasi-Newton algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. It inherits the advantageous (fast convergence) properties of the limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method and can easily overcome the nondifferentiability of [Formula: see text]-norm at null positions. We determine the performance of the algorithm on noise-free and noisy synthetic data from the SEG/EAGE overthrust model.
An integrated high-resolution geophysical and geologic visualization of a Lake Bonneville shoreline deposit (Utah, USA)
Authors: Smith Katelynn M. , McBride John H. , Nelson Stephen T. , Keach R. William , Hudson Samuel M. , Tingey David G. , Rey Kevin A. , Carling Gregory T.
Published: November 2018

Pilot Valley, located in the eastern Basin and Range, Western Utah, USA, contains numerous shorelines and depositional remnants of Late Pleistocene Lake Bonneville. These remnants present excellent ground-penetrating radar (GPR) targets due to their coherent stratification, low-clay, low-salinity, and low moisture content. Three-dimensional GPR imaging can resolve fine-scale stratigraphy of these deposits down to a few centimeters, and when combined with detailed outcrop characterization, it provides an in-depth look at the architecture of these deposits. On the western side of Pilot Valley, a well-preserved late Pleistocene gravel bar records shoreline depositional processes associated with the Provo (or just post-Provo) shoreline period. GPR data, measured stratigraphic sections, cores, paleontological sampling for paleoecology and radiocarbon dating, and mineralogical analysis permit a detailed reconstruction of the depositional environment of this well-exposed prograding gravel bar. Contrary to other described Bonneville shoreline deposits, calibrated radiocarbon ages ranging from 16.5 to 14.3 (ka, BP) indicate that the bar was stable and active during an overall regressive stage of the lake, as it dropped from the Provo shoreline (or just post-Provo level). Our study provides a model for an ancient pluvial lakeshore depositional environment in the Basin and Range province and suggests that stable, progradational bedforms common to the various stages of Lake Bonneville are likely not all associated with periods of shoreline stability, as is commonly assumed. The high-resolution GPR visualization demonstrates the high degree of compartmentalization possible for a potential subsurface reservoir target based on ancient shoreline sedimentary facies.
Editorial: Homo Virtualis Inaugural Issue
Authors: Koskinas Konstantinos
Published: November 2018

Homo Virtualis is the conception of a humanity of sciences, cultures and socialities powered by the communicative technological innovations. Cyborgs, robots, avatars and virtual communities imagine, construct and create their lives within new technosocial or sociotechnical environments. [...]
Problems of environmental management in the Arctic: analysis and solution.
Authors: Кочемасов Юрий , Kochemasov Yuriy , Кочемасова Екатерина , Kochemasova Ekaterina , Седова Наталья , Sedova Natal'ya
Published: November 2018

The presented analytical review considers environmental and socio-economic problems of environmental management in the Arctic, the comprehensive studies of which were carried out within the framework of the subprogramme "Development and use of the Arctic" of the Federal target program "World ocean", the Federal target program "risk Reduction and mitigation of natural and man – made emergencies in the Russian Federation", the UNEP/GEF project "Russian Federation-support to The national action plan for the protection of the Arctic marine environment" and other international projects. Many of the author's conceptual and methodological developments remain relevant at present to solve the problems identified in the strategy of development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and national security for the period up to 2020, the Strategy of development of Maritime activities of the Russian Federation until 2030, the Strategy of national security of the Russian Federation. Strategic planning documents have been developed: including the Basics of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic, the action Plan of the Arctic Council for sustainable development, the Strategic action program (SPD) for environmental protection of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the draft concept of sustainable development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, investment proposals and guidelines for cleaning the Arctic territories from pollution, including in the areas of the Russian presence on the Svalbard archipelago, reduction of natural and man-made risks of emergency situations and increase of protection of valuable natural areas. Also in the monograph are considered: proposals for the regulatory consolidation of the boundaries of the Arctic natural territory in the Russian Arctic to establish a special regime of natural resources, taking into account the high vulnerability of Arctic ecosystems to man-made impacts; methods of causal analysis to determine the relationship between the quality of the environment, the activities of sectors (industries) and the policy of public administration and regulation; road map for the transition from sectoral to complex (integrated) management of marine environmental management; methods of marine spatial planning; strategic environmental assessment of infrastructure projects, etc.
LITERATURA E HISTÓRIA: EXPRESSÕES FICCIONAIS OU REAIS?
Authors: Santana Cristian Paula , Barzotto Leoné Astride
Published: November 2018

Viso, neste artigo, relacionar Literatura,História e Memória através dos conceitosligados à metaficção historiográfica e àpós-modernidade. Para maior eficácia,proponho, ao invés de uma revisãoconceitual, buscar as teorias diretamentenas obras literárias. Para tanto, utilizareicomo base as obras São Bernardo (1994)de Graciliano Ramos e A hora da estrela(1998) de Clarice Lispector para refletirsobre a metaficção; o conto Teorema(1970) de Herberto Helder para pensar ahistória e Um cinturão (1981) deGraciliano Ramos para discorrer acerca damemória.
MEMÓRIA E IDENTIDADE NA LITERATURA DE TRADIÇÃO ORAL
Authors: Bezerra Keutre Gláudia Da Conceição Soares , Sampaio Maria Lúcia Pessoa , Rodrigues Lílian De Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho tem como foco a literaturaoral, com o objetivo de compreender arelação que se estabelece no cotidianodos contadores de histórias, entre amemória, as narrativas, e a construção daidentidade. Trata-se de parte dadissertação de mestrado “No fantásticopalco da memória: histórias de Trancoso econstrução da identidade na culturapopular”, defendida no curso de MestradoAcadêmico em Letras da Universidade doEstado do Rio Grande do Norte. Arealização do estudo foi pautada nametodologia da história oral efundamentada numa revisão bibliográficadas categorias memória, narrativa eidentidade.
MEMÓRIA INFANTIL, ESCOLAR E LITERÁRIA EM POESIAS INFANTIS, DE OLAVO BILAC
Authors: Silva Ana Paula Serafim Marques da , Segabinazi Daniela Maria
Published: November 2018

Neste artigo, abordamos questões sobre amemória da infância, da literatura e daescola republicana presente na obraPoesias infantis (1904), do escritorfluminense Olavo Bilac. Consagrando odiscurso poético infantil brasileiro, acoletânea, que foi escrita, arquitetada epublicada para fins escolares, abarca osvalores socioculturais e pedagógicospropagados durante a implantação doregime republicano brasileiro, oscontornos da nossa educação e as marcasdo início da literatura infantil escolar. Estapesquisa de caráter bibliográfico einterpretativo, buscou examinar as seçõespoéticas das estações e dos meses e a suaarticulação com o espaço escolar, tantofísico como figurado, as noções detemporalidade, o diálogo com outras artese a interdisciplinaridade. Com o intuito deentender a educação estética e as práticasescolares e literárias que deram sentido àescritura em estudo, valemo-nos dasconsiderações de Escolano (2001), FariaFilho & Vago (2001), Lajolo (1982) e Veiga(2011).
Patrimônio cultural e memória literária: um diálogo ítalo-brasileiro com Giorgio de Marchis / Patrimonio culturale e memoria letteraria: un dialogo ítalo-brasiliano con Giorgio de Marchis
Authors: Silva Jefferson Evaristo do Nascimento , Araújo Everaldo Lima de , Lenhardt Jordana , Felipe Márcia Da Gama Silva , De Marchis Giorgio
Published: November 2018

Entrevista com a Giorgio de Marchis para o dossiê "Patrimônio cultural e memória literária"
CUSTOMARY COURT AS ALTERNATIVE TO SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTE IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Buana Andika Prawira , Djanggih Hardianto
Published: November 2018

Customary court is a process conducted in connection with the duty to examine, to adjudicate and to decide a case in the community, which has long ago become a means to seek for justice. Customary court aims at returning broken order resulted from existing dispute. This research mainly focuses on how the essence of customary court in South Sulawesi is and how customary court serves to settle dispute in South Sulawesi. Employing socio-legal method, the research results explain that the Customary court in South Sulawesi has no longer been relied on in settlement of disputes existing in the community as the result of modern court domination.
MULTILINGUALISM AND ASEAN SINGLE MARKET: IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE FACILITATIONS
Authors: Putranti Ika Riswanti
Published: November 2018

The European Union is a successful common market role model through regional economic integration. The formation of common market by several countries within a country brings widespread implications not only in economic and legal aspects but also socially and culturally. There are four basic principles in the formation of a common European Union market of freedom of movement of goods, freedom of movement of services, freedom of movement of capital, freedom of movement of people. The application of the four principles within the framework of economic integration is strongly influenced by the social and cultural interactions taking place within the market structure. The part of culture is an essential element in doing economic interaction is the language. Multilingualism in the EU affects common market dynamics and policy patterns in trade facilitation.
POTRET KRISIS PERUSAHAAN FIRST TRAVEL DALAM KACAMATA MANAJEMEN PUBLIC RELATIONS
Authors: Afrilia Ascharisa Mettasatya
Published: November 2018

The corporate crisis is still considered a scary specter. Not a few companies are desperately avoiding a crisis without them realizing that could happen to anyone and anytime. Crisis can not absorb the feathers that will come to the company which one with which management system. Even companies that already have a big name, can still be hit by the crisis. Moreover, some preventive measures to cure the crisis, is also very important to enter the fall of the company to avoid bankruptcy. At this stage the role of Public Relations holds a very important position. Public Relations talks about strategic functions that are expected to position itself as a golden stone both from internal and external companies. The ideal spirit, crisis management of a company that made the public Public Relations is expected to be able to muffle and cure the crisis as bad as any condition that befall. The writing of this article aims to find out how the management of the company "First Travel" in the face of corporate crises by using descriptive qualitative analysis method found that "First Travel" should provide a role to Public Relations specifically because the crisis can not be handled quickly and easily.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks Metode IVA di Puskesmas Kota Padang
Authors: Aprianti Aprianti , Fauza Miftahil , Azrimaidalisa Azrimaidalisa
Published: November 2018

Background: In 2013 the prevalence of cervical cancer in West Sumatra was 0.9 per 1000 population. This data exceeds the Indonesian prevalence of 0.8 per 1000 population.  Lack of public knowledge regarding early detection of cervical cancer is the cause of the high prevalence of cervical cancer. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the participation of women of childbearing age in the early detection of VIA method cervical cancer in Padang City Health Center in 2018.Method: This study was a cross sectional design, conducted from February to October 2018. The population was women who visited the Alai Health Center and Pegambiran Health Center with a total sample were 110 respondents. The sampling method uses consecutive sampling method. Data collection by interview using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Chi-square statistical test and logistic regression with 95% confidence degree.Result: The results showed that 60% of respondents had never done the early detection of VIA cervical cancer method. Statistical test results show there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge (p = 0,000), attitude (p = 0,041), access to information (p = 0,000) and husband's support (p = 0,000) with the early detection of VIA cervical cancer method. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant variables affected the participation of women in early detection of cervical cancer, namely husband's support (p = 0,000) and POR = 46,693.
Alice Zeniter ou l’art du renouveau
Authors: Pawlicki Jędrzej
Published: November 2018

L’Art de perdre (Flammarion, 2017) is the fifth and latest novel of Alice Zeniter, French novelist anddramatist. She published her first novel at the age of sixteen. In this paper I will present L’Art de perdre as a novel related to the common history of France and Algeria. My main goal is to analyze the issues of memory according to the concepts of postmemory by Marianne Hirsch and archaeological novel by Dominique Viart. The article aims also at following a comparative study of L’Art de perdre and previous novels by Alice Zeniter: Jusque dans nos bras and Juste avant l’Oubli.
Phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of wheat species: a review
Authors: Leváková Ľudmila , Lacko-Bartošová Magdaléna
Published: November 2018

Wheat (genus Triticum) is considered to be an important source of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites with numerous health-promoting effects. Many phytochemicals are responsible for the high antioxidant activity of whole grain products. However, there is a lack of information about composition of phenolic acids and their concentrations in different Triticum species. Despite the fact that the increased consumption of whole grain cereals and whole grain-based products has been closely related to reduced risk of chronic diseases, bioactive compounds found in whole grain cereals have not achieved as much attention as the bioactive compounds in vegetables and fruits. Recent studies have revealed that the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of whole grain cereals have been regularly undervalued in the literature, because they contain more polyphenols and other phytochemicals than was reported in the past. Phenolic acids represent a large group of bioactive compounds in cereals. These compounds play a significant role in the possible positive effects of the human diet rich in whole grain cereals, especially in wheat and provide health benefits associated with demonstrably diminished risk of chronic disease development. Ferulic acid, the primary and the most abundant phenolic acid contained in wheat grain, is mainly responsible for the antioxidant activity of wheat, particularly bran fraction. In this paper, selected phenolic compounds in wheat, their antioxidant activity and health benefits related to consumption of whole grain cereals are reviewed.
Uptake and Translocation of Some Heavy Metals by Rice Crop (Oryza sativa) in Paddy Soils
Authors: Rahimi Ghasem , Kolahchi Zahra , Charkhabi Amin
Published: November 2018

Accumulation of heavy metals in edible crops is amongst major international concerns today. While consuming Lenjan variety of rice is very popular in Iran, limited evidence exists on its safety. Amid increasing public concern about the safety of locally grown and imported rice in the market, a field study was carried out to investigate uptake and translocation of Cd, Pb, Ni, and Zn by a local variety of rice crop (Oryza sativa) exposed to contaminated water. At harvest time and in paddy fields, 41 soil and plant samples were collected from four locations of Lenjan, central Iran; irrigated from Zayandeh Rood River. In the laboratory, different parts of the plant were milled, digested via acid digestion method, and then analysed for Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn were 1.07, 17.22, 1.73 and 13.75 mg/kg in the plant’s stem; and 1.27, 12.32, 1.099 and 19.39 mg/kg in its grain, respectively. In general, both in the plant’s stem and grain, the Cd and Pb concentrations were much higher than the FAO/WHO standard and labelled as harmful for consumers. Moreover, among the studied heavy metals, Ni transported very weakly, while Cd and Zn conveyed most easily into the plant’s stem and grain. Of course, Pb was the least mobile metal. However, it had highly accumulated in the plant’s stem and grain.
Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on Dyeability and Physical Properties of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Fiber
Authors: Ma Jaehyuk , Elmaaty Tarek Abou , Okubayashi Satoko
Published: November 2018

Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing, a new type of anhydrous dyeing method, has a lot of advantages, mainly conservation of energy, prevention of pollution, reusability of dye, and many more. This study presents a viable method for the dyeing of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric by using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) as a medium. Five hydrozono propanenitrile dyes that are functional colorants having antibacterial activity were applied for the dyeing of the UHMWPE fabric in scCO2 at a pressure of 20 MPa and at temperature of 120°C. The dyeability of UHMWPE fabric under scCO2 was evaluated by color measurement, whereby the color strength K/S was calculated. As the treating time and concentration of dye increased, the dyeability of the UHMWPE fabric displayed the tendency to continually improve. As decaline was added into scCO2 as the cosolvent, we obtained higher K/S. Furthermore, color fastness to rubbing and sublimation of the dyed UHMWPE fabric were determined according to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) L 0849 2 and JIS L 0854, and the trend showed that the increase in fastness corresponded to the increase in duration of the treatment. The influence of scCO2 dyeing on the mechanical properties of UHMWPE was also examined. Consequently, it was found that dyeing in scCO2 containing decaline reduced the crystallinity of the UHMWPE fabric and the breaking strength decreased. The antimicrobial property of UHMWPE dyed with N′-(2-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-2-oxo-2-(p-tolyl)acetohydrazonoyl cyanide was tested against three different microorganisms, and the results have been reported.
Synthetic biology of B cell activation: understanding signal amplification at the B cell antigen receptor using a rebuilding approach
Authors: Kulathu Yogesh , Zuern Christa , Yang Jianying , Reth Michael
Published: November 2018

Upon activation of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR), the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and the Src family kinase Lyn phosphorylate tyrosines of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) of Igα and Igβ which further serve as binding sites for the SH2 domains of these kinases. Using a synthetic biology approach, we dissect the roles of different ITAM residues of Igα in Syk activation. We found that a leucine to glycine mutation at the Y+3 position after the first ITAM tyrosine prevents Syk binding and activation. However, a pre-activated Syk can still phosphorylate this tyrosine in trans. Our data show that the formation of a Syk/ITAM initiation complex and trans-ITAM phosphorylation is crucial for BCR signal amplification. In contrast, the interaction of Lyn with the first ITAM tyrosine is not altered by the leucine to glycine mutation. In addition, our study suggests that an ITAM-bound Syk phosphorylates the non-ITAM tyrosine Y204 of Igα only in cis. Collectively, our reconstitution experiments suggest a model whereby first trans-phosphorylation amplifies the BCR signal and subsequently cis-phosphorylation couples the receptor to downstream signaling elements.
Conversion of chenodeoxycholic acid to cholic acid by human CYP8B1
Authors: Fan Linbing , Joseph Jan Felix , Durairaj Pradeepraj , Parr Maria Kristina , Bureik Matthias
Published: November 2018

The human cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP8B1 is a crucial regulator of the balance of cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in the liver. It was previously shown to catalyze the conversion of 7α-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one, a CDCA precursor, to 7α,12α-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one, which is an intermediate of CA biosynthesis. In this study we demonstrate that CYP8B1 can also convert CDCA itself to CA. We also show that five derivatives of luciferin are metabolized by CYP8B1 and established a rapid and convenient inhibitor test system. In this way we were able to identify four new CYP8B1 inhibitors, which are aminobenzotriazole, exemestane, ketoconazole and letrozole.
Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of Cd(NCS)2 coordination compounds with two different Cd coordination modes
Authors: Jochim Aleksej , Gallo Gianpiero , Dinnebier Robert , Näther Christian
Published: November 2018

Reaction of Cd(NCS)2 with 4-methoxypyridine leads to the formation of four new compounds, of which one crystallizes in two different polymorphs. In Cd(NCS)2(4-methoxypyridine)4·(4-methoxypyridine)2 (1) and Cd(NCS)2(4-methoxypyridine)4 (2-I and 2-II) discrete complexes are found, in which the Cd cations are octahedrally coordinated by four 4-methoxypyridine co-ligands and two terminally N-bonded thiocyanate anions. For the polymorphs 2-I and 2-II no single crystals are available and therefore, the corresponding Mn(II) compound (2-I-Mn) was prepared, which is isotypic to 2-I, as proven by a Rietveld refinement. The crystal structure of 2-II was solved and refined from XRPD data. In [Cd(NCS)2(4-methoxypyridine)2]
n
(3), the Cd cations are also octahedrally coordinated but linked into linear chains by pairs of thiocyanate anions with all ligands in trans-position. {[Cd(NCS)2]3(4-methoxypyridine)5}
n
(4) also consists of chains but two different Cd coordination modes are observed. Two of the three crystallographically independent Cd cations show an octahedral coordination with a trans- or cis-arrangement of the N and S atoms of the anionic ligands, whereas the third one is in a distorted square-pyramidal coordination, with cis-coordination of the thiocyanate N and S atoms. Measurements using simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry of 2-I and 2-II show different heating rate dependent mass steps, in which the co-ligands are removed. In some of the residues obtained after the respective TG steps compound 3 was detected but no phase pure samples could be obtained.