bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Home Security System Using GSM Module
Authors: Samanta Sumit , Kumar Sonu , Mahapatra Rahul , Reza Mohsin , Chattopadhyay Diganta , Roy Moupali
Published: May 2024

In this technicle time, the Electronic devices gives us flexibility and makes our life so simple. But along this the crime rate is also increasing a lot. Every person wants to keep their home safe. And day by day the demand for home security system is also increasing. That is why we create a Home Security System which is a cost efficient device. So that every person can bring this device to their home to keep their home safe. The GSM module is a very advance technology in current time. The GSM system mainly used for make a communication. By attaching GSM module in Home Security System we make a advance security system which has the calling and messaging feature. The Home Security System is made by using Arduino Uno, Ultrasonic Sensor, GSM Module, LED, BUZZER, Voltage Regulator Step-Down. If the sensor detect anything immediately it will trigger the alarm. And it will send a signal to Arduino Uno and a call will generate to the user. By our Home Security System everyone can protect their home easily.
Soulful Science: A Journey into Integrating Religious and Moral Values in STEM Education in Ghana
Authors: Tawiah Dennis , Opoku John Kwaku , Addai-Mensah Peter
Published: May 2024

In recent years, Ghanaian students have exhibited a concerning trend of drifting away from the values integral to sustaining and preserving Ghanaian norms, culture and societal well-being. This shift has led to a proliferation of immoral behaviour among students, prompting widespread concern among Ghanaians. This decline is often attributed to the perceived prioritization of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education in the current curriculum. There is an urgent need to tackle this issue to ensure students’ moral development is not overlooked in favour of STEM education. In light of this challenge, the approach proposed in this article was the “Soulful Science” approach. The study explored the feasibility and impact of soulful science in Ghanaian STEM education. The researchers employed a descriptive survey design for this study. Interviews were used to collect data from 50 participants (Senior High School (SHS) teachers, students, and parents in Sefwi Wiawso Municipality). It was established that the proposed soulful science approach is achievable with its accompanying methods like inclusive curriculum pedagogies, interdisciplinary projects, case studies, and the incorporation of religious perspectives into STEM lessons. However, challenges such as potential conflict between religious beliefs and scientific principles were identified. It was recommended that adequate efforts should be made to develop a curriculum that successfully integrates religious and moral education with STEM subjects while respecting the diversity of beliefs. In conclusion, the soulful science approach creates an inclusive, culturally relevant learning environment that enhances students’ religious and moral development, employability and fosters sustainable economic growth. This study’s contribution is significant for the fields of moral and STEM education, and curriculum development, as it advocates for a more holistic approach to education that prioritizes moral development alongside technological proficiency.

Keywords: STEM education, religious values, spirituality, holistic development, cultural sensitivity, Ghanaian students, curriculum integration
CSST Strong-lensing Preparation: A Framework for Detecting Strong Lenses in the Multicolor Imaging Survey by the China Survey Space Telescope (CSST)
Authors: Li Xu , Sun Ruiqi , Lv Jiameng , Jia Peng , Li Nan , Wei Chengliang , Zou Hu , Er Xinzhong , Chen Yun , Ban Zhang , Fang Yuedong , Guo Qi , Liu Dezi , Li Guoliang , Lin Lin , Li Ming , Li Ran , Li Xiaobo , Luo Yu , Meng Xianmin , Nie Jundan , Qi Zhaoxiang , Qiu Yisheng , Shao Li , Tian Hao , Wang Lei , Wang Wei , Xian Jingtian , Xu Youhua , Zhang Tianmeng , Zhang Xin , Zhou Zhimin
Published: May 2024

Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for investigating dark matter and dark energy properties. With the advent of large-scale sky surveys, we can discover strong-lensing systems on an unprecedented scale, which requires efficient tools to extract them from billions of astronomical objects. The existing mainstream lens-finding tools are based on machine-learning algorithms and applied to cutout-centered galaxies. However, according to the design and survey strategy of optical surveys by the China Space Station Telescope (CSST), preparing cutouts with multiple bands requires considerable efforts. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a framework based on a hierarchical visual transformer with a sliding window technique to search for strong-lensing systems within entire images. Moreover, given that multicolor images of strong-lensing systems can provide insights into their physical characteristics, our framework is specifically crafted to identify strong-lensing systems in images with any number of channels. As evaluated using CSST mock data based on a semianalytic model named CosmoDC2, our framework achieves precision and recall rates of 0.98 and 0.90, respectively. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method in real observations, we have applied it to a subset of images from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys and media images from Euclid Early Release Observations. A total of 61 new strong-lensing system candidates are discovered by our method. However, we also identified false positives arising primarily from the simplified galaxy morphology assumptions within the simulation. This underscores the practical limitations of our approach while simultaneously highlighting potential avenues for future improvements.
Ground- and Space-based Dust Observations of VV 191 Overlapping Galaxy Pair
Authors: Robertson Clayton , Holwerda Benne W. , Young Jason , Keel William C. , Berkheimer Jessica M. , Cook Kyle , Conselice Christopher J. , Frye Brenda L. , Grogin Norman A. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Nasr Camella-Rosa , Patel Divya , Roemer Wade , Smith Dominic , Windhorst Rogier A.
Published: May 2024

The Balmer decrement (Hα/Hβ) provides a constraint on attenuation, the cumulative effects of dust grains in the ISM. The ratio is a reliable spectroscopic tool for deriving the dust properties of galaxies that determine many different quantities such as star formation rate, metallicity, and SED models. Here, we measure independently both the attenuation and Hα/Hβ of an occulting galaxy pair: VV 191. Attenuation measurements in the visible spectrum (A

V,stars) from dust maps derived from the F606W filter of HST and the F090W filter of JWST are matched with spaxel-by-spaxel Hα/Hβ observations from the George and Cynthia Mitchell Spectrograph of the McDonald Observatory. The 0.5–0.7 μm bandpass covers the Balmer lines for VV 191. The dust maps of JWST and HST provide the high sensitivity necessary for comparisons and tracking trends of the geometrically favorable galaxy. We present maps and plots of the Balmer lines for the VV 191 galaxy pair and for a specific region highlighting dust lanes for VV 191b in the overlap region. We compute A

V,H II
from Hα/Hβ and plot both quantities against A

V,stars. Our results show that regions with higher dust content, residing closer to the spiral center, dominate ionized gas attenuation, leading to an overestimation of A

V,H II
by a factor of 2. Further out in the spiral arms, the lower dust content leads to more agreement between the attenuations, indicating a lower star formation rate and larger contribution from older stars to the stellar continuum outside the Petrosian radius.
Optical Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernovae by the Carnegie Supernova Projects I and II
Authors: Morrell N. , Phillips M. M. , Folatelli G. , Stritzinger M. D. , Hamuy M. , Suntzeff N. B. , Hsiao E. Y. , Taddia F. , Burns C. R. , Hoeflich P. , Ashall C. , Contreras C. , Galbany L. , Lu J. , Piro A. L. , Anais J. , Baron E. , Burrow A. , Busta L. , Campillay A. , Castellón S. , Corco C. , Diamond T. , Freedman W. L. , Gonzalez C. , Krisciunas K. , Kumar S. , Persson S. E. , Serón J. , Shahbandeh M. , Torres S. , Uddin S. A. , Anderson J. P. , Baltay C. , Gall C. , Goobar A. , Hadjiyska E. , Holmbo S. , Kasliwal M. , Lidman C. , Marion G. H. , Mazzali P. A. , Nugent P. , Perlmutter S. , Pignata G. , Rabinowitz D. , Roth M. , Ryder S. D. , Shappee B. J. , Vinkó J. , Wheeler J. C. , de Jaeger T. , Lira P. , Ruiz M. T. , Rich J. A. , Prieto J. L. , Di Mille F. , Osip D. , Blanc G. , Palunas P.
Published: May 2024

We present the second and final release of optical spectroscopy of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained during the first and second phases of the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP-I and CSP-II). The newly released data consist of 148 spectra of 30 SNe Ia observed in the course of CSP-I and 234 spectra of 127 SNe Ia obtained during CSP-II. We also present 216 optical spectra of 46 historical SNe Ia, including 53 spectra of 30 SNe Ia observed by the Calán/Tololo Supernova Survey. We combine these observations with previously published CSP data and publicly available spectra to compile a large sample of measurements of spectroscopic parameters at maximum light, consisting of pseudo-equivalent widths and expansion velocities of selected features for 232 CSP and historical SNe Ia (including more than 1000 spectra). Finally, we review some of the strongest correlations between spectroscopic and photometric properties of SNe Ia. Specifically, we define two samples: one consisting of SNe Ia discovered by targeted searches (most of them CSP-I objects) and the other composed of SNe Ia discovered by untargeted searches, which includes most of the CSP-II objects. The analyzed correlations are similar for both samples. We find a larger incidence of SNe Ia belonging to the cool and broad-line Branch subtypes among the events discovered by targeted searches, shallow-silicon SNe Ia are present with similar frequencies in both samples, while core normal SNe Ia are more frequent in untargeted searches.
Magnetic Field of Molecular Gas Measured with the Velocity Gradient Technique. II. Curved Magnetic Field in kpc-scale Bubble of NGC 628
Authors: Zhao Mengke , Zhou Jianjun , Baan Willem A. , Hu Yue , Lazarian A. , Tang Xindi , Esimbek Jarken , He Yuxin , Li Dalei , Ji Weiguang , Chang Zhengxue , Tursun Kadirya
Published: May 2024

We report the detection of the ordered alignment between the magnetic field and kpc-scale bubbles in the nearby spiral galaxy, NGC 628. Applying the Velocity Gradient Technique on CO spectroscopic data from the ALMA-PHANGS, the magnetic field of NGC 628 is measured at the scale of 191 pc (∼4″). The large-scale magnetic field is oriented parallel to the spiral arms and curves around the galactic bubble structures in the mid-infrared emission observed by the James Webb Space Telescope. A total of 21 bubble structures have been identified at the edges of spiral arms with scales over 300 pc, which includes two kpc-scale structures. These bubbles are caused by supernova remnants and prolonged star formation and are similar to the outflow chimneys found in neutral hydrogen in galactic disks. At the edge of the bubbles, the shocks traced by the O iii emission present a curved magnetic field that parallels the bubble’s shell. The magnetic field follows the bubble expansion and binds the gas in the shell to trigger further star formation. By analyzing the larger sample of 1694 bubbles, we found a distinct radial-size distribution of bubbles in NGC 628 indicating the star formation history in the galaxy.
Loss and recovery of percutaneous femoral access during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. A case report
Authors: Iliev P. , Hazarbasanov D. , Azis Em. , Farandzha D. , Pavlov P.
Published: May 2024

Large bore access vascular closure devices (VCDs) are used to achieve immediate haemostasis after large device percutaneous procedures through the common femoral artery. Such a device or a combination of devices provide early patient ambulation and recovery and avoid surgical complications, however they carry the risk of typical access-related complications seen with percutaneous interventions. In the case of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) vascular access complications remain the some of the most common. The MANTA vascular closure device is widely used for access management after TAVR, providing closure for up to 20F or 25F OD devices in the 18F variant. We present a case of loss and restoration of percutaneous femoral arterial access during a TAVR procedure. The necessary guidewire for MANTA deployment was removed mistakenly but was subsequently recovered which enabled successful MANTA deployment afterwards. Postprocedural angiography and ultrasound all revealed successful vessel closure with no access-related complications.
Correlation of intracardiac hemodynamics indicators with von Willebrand factor – Marker of endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease combined with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Netiazhenko V. , Mostovyi S. , Safonova O.
Published: May 2024

The research relevance is predefined by the need to establish the relationship and identify new markers and potential contributions to clinical practice and scientific progress. This opens up new opportunities for further development in the field of cardiology and infectious diseases, which is of great importance for improving diagnosis and treatment. The research aims to establish the relationship between indicators and the role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various conditions. The clinical observation method was used, and data such as symptoms, medical history, and laboratory and instrumental studies were collected. The conclusions of the study are based on the analysis of the collected data and indicate the existence of a relationship between the indicators. The study revealed an increased activity of von Willebrand factor in the majority of patients. When comparing groups of patients depending on the presence of concomitant coronavirus disease, it was found that the highest level of von Willebrand factor was observed in patients with coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease, a lower level in patients with coronavirus disease alone, and the lowest level in patients with chronic coronary heart disease. This indicates a correlation between the level of von Willebrand factor and the presence of concomitant coronavirus disease, which emphasises the importance of vascular endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. It was found that the value of the von Willebrand factor correlates with the left ventricular end-diastolic size in both patients with coronary heart disease and patients with coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease. This demonstrates that there is a strong association between von Willebrand factor and the clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease in combination with coronavirus disease, which may indicate a dysfunction of the vascular endothelium in these patients.
A case of pulmonary endarterectomy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension - a happily completed odyssey
Authors: Dimitrova E. , Kyuchukov D. , Peneva M. , Kunev B.
Published: May 2024

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is a rare condition that is usually a consequence of prior acute pulmonary embolism. It is caused by persistent obstruction of pulmonary arteries by organized thrombi resulting in redistribution of blood flow and secondary pulmonary microvascular remodelling. Thus, pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressure are increased leading to right ventricle pressure overload, development of right heart failure and death. In eligible patients pulmonary endarterectomy is the standard of care and it can result in complete normalization of haemodynamics and right ventricular morphology and function. We present the case of a patient with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension with severe right ventricular dilation and dysfunction and refractory heart failure. After successful pulmonary endarterectomy we observed almost complete normalization of hemodynamics and restoration of right ventricular dimensions and function, as well as significant clinical improvement.
Phylogenomic placement and revision of Iranattus Prószyński, 1992 jumping spiders (Salticidae, Plexippini, Plexippina)
Authors: Marathe Kiran , Tripathi Rishikesh , Sudhikumar Ambalaparambil V. , Maddison Wayne P.
Published: May 2024

The jumping spider genus Iranattus Prószyński, 1992, distributed from Africa to southwestern Asia, has been placed within the Harmochirina because of their male palp structures and elongated third legs. Here, we present phylogenomic evidence that it belongs instead to the subtribe Plexippina, further supported by the presence of two coupling pockets in the female epigyne. In this study, we redescribe I. principalis (Wesołowska, 2000) and I. rectangularis Prószyński, 1992. Additionally, the female of I. rectangularis, the type species of the genus, is described for the first time, and we report its range extension east to India.
Approaches and considerations in the endoscopic treatment of T1 colorectal cancer
Authors: Jung Yunho
Published: May 2024

The detection of early colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing through the implementation of screening programs. This increased detection enhances the likelihood of minimally invasive surgery and significantly lowers the risk of recurrence, thereby improving patient survival and reducing mortality rates. T1 CRC, the earliest stage, is treated endoscopically in cases with a low risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). The advantages of endoscopic treatment compared with surgery include minimal invasiveness and limited tissue disruption, which reduce morbidity and mortality, preserve bowel function to avoid colectomy, accelerate recovery, and improve cost-effectiveness. However, T1 CRC has a risk of LNM. Thus, selection of the appropriate treatment between endoscopic treatment and surgery, while avoiding overtreatment, is challenging considering the potential for complete resection, LNM, and recurrence risk.
Processing and interpretation of magnetic data in the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian Sea: A review
Authors: Eppelbaum Lev
Published: May 2024

With the rapid development of aeromagnetic (primarily uncrewed) methods for measuring the magnetic field, the possibility of detailed magnetic research in hard-to-reach mountainous areas, forested areas, swamp areas, desert areas, and water areas has emerged. The conditions for interpreting the magnetic field are most difficult due to the vector nature of the magnetic properties of rocks, the wide range of their properties, and the presence of residual magnetization. The physical and geological conditions of the territory of Azerbaijan are characterized by rugged terrain relief, inclined magnetization (~58°), and complex geological environments. Along with using a probabilistic approach, deterministic methods for solving inverse and direct problems of geophysics become of great importance since it is possible to identify relatively extended reference boundaries and analyze magnetic anomalies from separate bodies of relatively simple shape. The article briefly outlines the main stages of processing and interpreting magnetic data under complex environments. The theoretical examples discussed include a block diagram of various disturbances, interpretive models of thin and thick beds, an intermediate model, a thin horizontal plate, and a horizontal circular cylinder on the flat and inclined surfaces under inclined magnetization conditions. The process of assessing magnetization on sloping terrain relief is shown. The presented field examples for the Caucasus Mountains show the quantitative interpretation of aeromagnetic data at the Big Somalit and Guton sites (southern Greater Caucasus, Azerbaijan), a deep regional profile through the Lesser and Greater Caucasus, magnetic field studies in the area around the Saatly superdeep borehole (Middle Kur depression between the Greater and Lesser Caucasus), and 3D magnetic field modeling at the Gyzylbulag gold deposit (the Azerbaijani part of the Lesser Caucasus). In the Caspian Sea, we demonstrated the use of an information parameter to identify faults in the Bulla hydrocarbon field (Gulf of Baku) and, for the first time, obtained the relationship between the generalized aeromagnetic data (2.5 kilometers over the mean sea level) and the central area of the mud volcanoes distribution in Azerbaijan.
Analysing IoT Digital Education: Fostering Students’ Understanding and Digital Literacy
Authors: Tutkyshbayeva Shyryn , Zakirova Alma
Published: May 2024

This study aims to develop effective strategies for enhancing the digital skills of students specialising in information technology (IT). The study’s relevance is justified by the necessity to adjust educational methods to the dynamic development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and digital technologies in general. The object of the study is students at Astana IT University who are studying IT. The experimental group (EG) trains using IoT-integrated digital educational materials (DEMs), while the control group (CG) receives traditional training. Since existing research often omits the synergy between IoT and educational methods, creating a gap in understanding the effectiveness of integrated educational resources, this study applies research methodology, including literature analysis, experimentation, and statistical data analysis. The research results are verified using statistical methods such as the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and F-test. Analysing the mean scores in the experimental and CGs helps measure students’ progress in developing digital skills. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of IoT-integrated DEMs in enhancing students’ digital skills and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the influence of these educational approaches on IoT learning. The findings will significantly improve educational programs and methodologies in the IT domain in line with current technological advancements.
Genèse d’un incident en classe
Authors: Coasne Joëlle , Faggianelli Daniel , Gerin Murielle , Grimault-Leprince Agnès , Loquet Monique , Riban Chloé
Published: May 2024

L’article analyse un incident, défini comme un fait perturbateur imprévisible, survenu entre un élève et la professeure lors d’une leçon d’histoire dans une classe de SEGPA. Cette analyse, basée sur une vidéo enregistrée, est le fruit d’un travail exploratoire conduit par des chercheur·euse·s dans les champs de la didactique et de la sociologie. La combinaison des deux approches vise à étudier la genèse de l’incident, à travers la mise en lien de la théorie de l’action conjointe en didactique et d’une approche interactionniste en sociologie – toutes deux centrées sur le jeu des acteur·rice·s. La première partie de l’article s’intéresse à l’approche didactique de l’incident (modalités de transmission et sens du savoir, position topogénétique des élèves face au savoir). La seconde développe une lecture sociologique interactionniste de la situation. La troisième articule les contributions des deux premières parties et propose de suivre l’évolution de trois indicateurs, élaborés pour faire dialoguer les apports respectifs de deux analyses. Un double mouvement est mis au jour : l’effacement des savoirs au cours de la leçon est concomitant à une hausse de la tension et des rapports de force en classe. Cette lecture croisée didactique et sociologique apparaît féconde pour penser l’importance du jeu d’apprentissage, en imbrication avec les logiques de gestion de l’ordre scolaire.
Negotiating access to land in Alshigelab: Narratives on social contestations and networks of solidarity on the riverbanks of the White Nile
Authors: El Jack Khalda
Published: May 2024

Located on the eastern riverbanks of the White Nile south of Khartoum (Sudan), the peri-urban settlement of Alshigelab has grown into its current configuration as a mosaic of expanding agropastoral villages, resettlement areas, seasonal settlements, and changes in the fluctuating levels of the river. This paper showcases how processes of urban development and devastating flooding events have since the beginning of the 20th century, have contributed to emerging territorial narratives, social contestations, and networks of solidarity around land. Through fieldwork and collective critical mapping with residents conducted between 2021 and 2023, key narratives that contest dominant views on peri-urban territories as sites “awaiting to become urban” were identified and analyzed. Rather, through the persistence of rural dimensions and practices in Alshigelab, the paper showcases them as sites that reconstitute both the urban and the rural.
Les TIC dans le contexte universitaire tunisien : quels usages pour quelles formes d’innovation didactique ? Le cas des étudiants de français
Authors: Kalai Lassaad
Published: May 2024

Analyser l’usage et le non-usage des TIC dans le contexte universitaire tunisien est l’objet de cette recherche exploratoire. La démarche suivie vise à faire émerger les représentations des étudiants à propos de l’intégration des nouvelles technologies dans l’enseignement/apprentissage du français, moyennant le questionnaire et le focus groupe. C’est une investigation de grande envergure qui s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet franco-maghrébin (PHC) sur le rôle des TIC dans l’enseignement / apprentissage du français au supérieur. C’est un travail qui s’interroge, dans un premier temps, sur la politique de l’Etat tunisien en matière d’intégration des technologies d’information et de communication dans l’enseignement en général et dans l’Université en particulier. Un deuxième volet sera consacré aux représentations des étudiants tunisiens à l’égard des TIC. Un bilan de l’usage et du non-usage des TIC par ces étudiants sera dressé suite à cette exploration. Dans le troisième volet, nous resserrons sur l’usage des TIC en classe de français. Ce sera l’occasion pour analyser les apports des TIC à l’enseignement/apprentissage du français, les obstacles à surmonter et les solutions envisageables pour mieux adapter au contexte tunisien les propositions internationales, se rapportant à l’intégration des TIC pour mieux enseigner les langues étrangères.
Does AI Chatbot Service Quality Impact Customer Loyalty?
Authors: Rupali  , Sharma Natasha , Arora Prerna , Mishra Paritosh
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a catalyst for change in numerous sectors. AI chatbots have been shown to be able to enhance customer engagements and loyalty. This research endeavor aims to explore the nuanced facets of AI-chatbot service quality dimensions and their substantial impact on favorable customer behavioural outcomes such as their attitudes, satisfaction, and loyalty. The study utilized data collected from people in Delhi-NCR region of India who have used AI-powered chatbot services previously. Results showed that every dimension of service quality has a positive association on satisfaction. However, only three dimensions impacted customer attitude significantly. In addition, the outcome of analysis showed that customer loyalty was positively and significantly impacted by user satisfaction towards AI-chatbots and attitude. This study offers a novel and impactful strategy to enhance our understanding of chatbot's potential to significantly alter the way online companies interact with and market to their customer base.
Revolutionizing the Financial Landscape
Authors: Amarnath Debora Dhanya , Thimothy Stephen Jayamani
Published: May 2024

The emergence of Industry 4.0 has transformed the financial landscape by integrating unconventional technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) into consumer interactions. This chapter explores the evolving paradigm of human-centric AI-thinking in the context of emerging customer interactions in making financial decisions. The review analyses the opportunities and the challenges that arise from the integration of AI tools and human-centric approaches in addressing the diverse needs and behaviours of consumers within emerging financial markets. More specifically, the review critically examines the utilization of AI-driven technologies, such as predictive analytics, natural language processing (NLP), and machine learning algorithms, in customising the financial services to cater the emerging-market consumers. Moreover, the current study explicates how AI enables personalized customer interactions, risk assessments, and ethical decision making and financial inclusion strategies while considering the socioeconomic and cultural landscapes. The study has focussed on addressing the concerns related to data privacy, risk assessment, and transparency towards AI-powered financial solutions with ethical standards. Through an exhaustive analysis of current trends, and empirical evidence from the existing literature, this review highlights the inevitability of human-centric AI-thinking approach towards financial services decision making. It emphasizes the importance of congruent AI-driven financial solutions in the context of banking where the determinants such as empathy, financial literacy, ethical considerations, and human values plays a significant role in finding the financial services in emerging markets. This research explores the challenges and prospects and has made commendations to all the major stakeholders such as industry stakeholders, policymakers, practitioners, customers, and service providers to create a dynamic financial landscape of Industry 4.0 in AI technologies that embrace a human-centric ethos to meet the evolving needs of consumers within emerging financial ecosystems.
Digital Lending Dilemma
Authors: Singh Renu , Kasana Ekta
Published: May 2024

Digital lending has emerged as a disruptive force in the financial industry's ever-changing landscape, transforming the way customers access and manage credit. BNPL products have grown in popularity, particularly among the younger generation, because to their ease of use, flexibility, and seamless integration into online purchasing experiences. Consumers can use these services to break their payments into smaller, interest-free installments, providing an alternative to standard credit products and payment methods. However, the potential costs to consumers have not been quantified. The study results suggest that BNPL consumers face financial charges that are on par with credit card fees and are vulnerable to unfavorable risks due to loopholes in customer protection. Customers face varying expenses both before and after they go into default on BNPL repayments, with the annual percentage rate (APR) ranging from 0% to 36%.
Evaluation of the Use of Adhesive Tape in Laser Welded Ultra-High-Strength Steel Lap Joints
Authors: Hietala Mikko , Keskitalo Markku , Järvenpää Antti
Published: May 2024

In this study, use of adhesive double-sided tape in laser welded ultra-high-strength steel lap joints was evaluated. The test material in the study was abrasion resistant steel (AR400). Optical microscopy was used to investigate macroscopic morphologies of the welds and hardness profiles were measured. Static properties of the joints were evaluated by performing tensile shear strength tests. Fatigue strength of the joints were evaluated by conducting axial fatigue tests. The use of tape resulted in a gap between the welded plates which has several advantages. The gap between the plates markedly increased the width of the weld at the interface of the plates. According to the hardness measurements the hardness of the weld metal was 12% higher compared to the hardness of the AR steel base material. The gap between the plates increased the strength of the joint by up to 20%. The adhesive tape itself did not have a significant effect on the shear strength of the joints. The main advantages of using the tape were a constant air gap and its function as a fastener in welding, so that separate fasteners are not needed.
A Quantum Chemical Study on the Bonding Mechanism, Electronic Structure, and Optical Properties of Cellulose and Polyaniline Nanohybrid
Authors: Munio Art Anthony Z. , Pido Alvanh Alem G. , Janayon Rayno Vic B. , Ambolode II Leo Cristobal C.
Published: May 2024

This study provides accounts of the bonding character, electronic structure, and optical properties of the cellulose–polyaniline hybrid complex using principles of quantum mechanics. The calculations revealed cellulose and polyaniline binding energy per unit ranged from -0.52 eV to -0.68 eV. The electron localization function of the complex revealed that there was no value at the interface but deformed basins, indicating a physisorption type of interaction. The highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest molecular orbitals are mainly dominated by the polyaniline, with minor hybridization of the orbitals of the cellulose in all configurations. These results indicate that the bonding between cellulose and polyaniline is characterized as an unshared electron interaction. Generally, the density of states of the cellulose and polyaniline complex can be considered a superposition of the states of isolated subsystems—the bandgap of the complex ranges from 2.30 eV to 2.87 eV. The lowest bandgap is observed when the prototype polyaniline is placed near the cellulose hydroxy and hydroxymethyl group. Further, the optical absorption spectra are calculated using time-dependent density functional theory. The results indicate that the prominent peak of the prototype polyaniline at 3.59 eV (345.36 nm) is suppressed at the complex. Meanwhile, in the higher energy region, the optical absorption spectra can be considered a superposition of the absorption spectra of the isolated constituents. The results presented here provide new information on the cellulose–polyaniline complex's bonding mechanism and give the resulting electronic–optical properties. The results will be helpful in the development of innovative biomaterials, fibers, and multifunctional composites based on cellulose and polyaniline.
Effect of Artificial Aging in the Microstructure and Corrosion Performance of Superduplex UNS S32750 Stainless Steel
Authors: Dall'Oglio Alexandre Pereira , Haupt William , Riffel Kaue , Gonçalves e Silva Regis
Published: May 2024

Superduplex stainless steels have great mechanical and corrosion properties. However, its chemical composition makes it prone to intermetallic phase precipitation during thermal processing. Sigma (σ), chi (χ), and chromium nitrides (Cr2N) remove Cr and Mo from the matrix, reducing the corrosion and mechanical resistance. Understanding the effects of thermal processing on the secondary phase’s precipitation and depletion of the material’s performance is crucial to its applications. Thus, this work aims to analyze the behavior of the corrosion performance of the UNS S32750 after thermal treatment at 800°C, for 60, 180, 300, and 420 minutes, in comparison to the as-received material. Optical emission spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and SEM with backscattered electrons (BSE) were used to evaluate the material. The corrosion performance was evaluated with the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization technique. The main results and conclusions obtained in the study were a decomposition of the ferrite phase into the χ and σ phases, with the formation of the χ phase being predominant in shorter times, while for longer aging times σ formed in greater quantities. It was also possible to verify a more aggressive corrosion trend for aged samples in the regions adjacent to the formation of the χ and σ phases. It was also possible to observe that the losses generated in corrosion resistance were greater for aging times longer than 60 minutes. The aging treatment significantly reduced the material’s corrosion resistance in conjunction with the formation of precipitates.
A Comparative Study on the Synthesis of Type NaX Zeolite Prepared from Kaolin for Builder Application in Detergent Production
Authors: Ekpe Ikenna , Mgbemere Henry E. , Ganiyu Lawal , Ovri Henry , Sargent Anna Lisa , Obioha Charles
Published: May 2024

Zeolites being used as builders in detergents are synthesized from expensive chemicals with a cumbersome production process. In this study, zeolite was synthesized from cheaper and readily available kaolin for possible use in detergent production. Kaolin from two sources namely Ajebo, Ogun State and Darazo, Bauchi State, Nigeria was used as starting materials while wet beneficiation followed by acid leaching was used to purify the kaolin and hydrothermal process was used to synthesize the zeolite. The chemical analysis confirms the presence of silica and alumina which are the precursors materials for zeolite synthesis. An increase in the amounts of the desired silica and alumina for both kaolin accompanied by a reduction in the amounts of the undesired oxides present in the kaolin as impurities are clear indications that the acid leaching was successful. The zeolites synthesized from both kaolin shows better water adsorption capacity and ion exchange capacity compared to those reported for zeolite synthesized from pure chemicals, this ability makes zeolite more suitable for the production of detergent. These results are indications that zeolites synthesized from kaolin can serve as a possible replacement for the more expensive zeolite synthesized from chemicals used as builders in detergent production.
Screening for Occupational Stress in Resident Doctors: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Malhotra Nidhi , Chavan Bir Singh , Gupta Nitin
Published: May 2024

Background:

Medical profession is highly demanding and stressful; however, only a few studies have examined the level of occupational stress in resident doctors.

Methods:

New Job Stress Scale (NJSS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to estimate occupational stress and psychological morbidity in resident doctors. Receiver operator characteristic analysis was used to estimate the cutoff on NJSS to screen for clinically significant stress.

Results:

60% of the resident doctors rated positive on GHQ-12. With a threshold of GHQ-12 as 3, the cutoff of NJSS with maximum Younden Index (0.48) was 63.5 (Sensitivity 65% and Specificity 84%); with 42.5% of resident doctors having a score higher that the cutoff value.

Conclusions:

A large number of resident doctors experience high levels of stress and psychological morbidity. NJSS can be used to screen resident doctors for clinically significant stress.
An Analytical Study on Depression among the Geriatric Population of Rural Field Practice Area of Private Medical College in Andhra Pradesh State
Authors: Aijaz Ayesha , Sarathy Naidana Partha , Pavankumar Abbavaram
Published: May 2024

Background:

Depression is a common illness worldwide, with an estimated 300 million people affected at any time. Depression is different from usual mood fluctuations and short-lived, emotional response to challenges in everyday life. In India, most of the elderly live in the rural areas and the access to the health care facilities is meagre. The depressive symptoms are likely to be dismissed as “normal” by the older persons, their family members and even by health care providers. Objectives: To estimate the level of depression among the geriatric population in a rural community. To study the association of socio-demographic profile with the levels of depression identified among them. Methodology: It was an observational analytical cross-sectional study done over a period of 2 months (7th August 2018 to 7th October 2018). Study population includes the geriatric population of rural field practice area at a private medical college. A minimum sample of 210 was included in the study by systematic random sampling method. Questionnaire consists of two parts. Part-1 consists of socio demographic characteristics. Part II consists of GDS 15-point questionnaire.

Results:

Out of the total 210, majority of subjects were less than 70 years of age (69 p.c). Prevalence of depression in the study was (33.8 p.c.). Depression was significantly high in financially dependent study subjects (56 p.c.). A significant relationship was observed between factors like Living status, Marital status, Education and levels of depression (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

There was high prevalence of depression among elderly population. It was associated with living alone, presently not married, illiteracy.
Analysis of the use of electronic medical records and its effect on improving patient care
Authors: Roca Lenka Angelita Kolevic , Aguilar Carlos Víctor Mora , Ramos Rosaria Luz Diaz , Quezada Dimna Zoila Alfaro , Velásquez Orellana Mirelly
Published: May 2024

Introduction: One of the most important contemporary events related to the health field is the implementation of the electronic health record (EHR), which allows the logical and chronological consolidation of information concerning a patient.
Objective: To analyze the influence of the implementation of electronic medical records on the improvement of patient care.
Method: The study corresponds to a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, and causal correlational scope. The population and sample were 94 health and administrative workers of a health center in Metropolitan Lima. The questionnaire had 30 items, with response options using a Likert-type scale.
Results: The use of electronic medical records was found to be 78.7% high, and patient care was found to be 70.2% efficient. It was found that the use of EHRs significantly influences patient care, given that p-value is 0.047<0.05. The dimensions of patient care, reliability, responsiveness, safety, empathy, and tangible aspects also obtained a p-value<0.05.
Conclusions: It was found that most workers positively perceive the use of electronic medical records and that the existence of this system has beneficial effects on patient care, considering that the staff perceives high levels of reliability, responsiveness, safety, empathy, and tangible aspects.
Infinite metacyclic subgroups of the mapping class group
Authors: Kapari Pankaj , Rajeevsarathy Kashyap , Sanghi Apeksha
Published: May 2024

For

g\geq 2

, let

\mathrm{Mod}(S_{g})

be the mapping class group of the closed orientable surface

S_{g}

of genus

g

. In this paper, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a pair of elements in

\mathrm{Mod}(S_{g})

to generate an infinite metacyclic subgroup. In particular, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions under which a pseudo-Anosov mapping class generates an infinite metacyclic subgroup of

\mathrm{Mod}(S_{g})

with a nontrivial periodic mapping class. As applications of our main results, we establish the existence of infinite metacyclic subgroups of

\mathrm{Mod}(S_{g})

isomorphic to

\mathbb{Z}\rtimes\mathbb{Z}_{m}

,

\mathbb{Z}_{n}\rtimes\mathbb{Z}

, and

\mathbb{Z}\rtimes\mathbb{Z}

. Furthermore, we derive bounds on the order of a nontrivial periodic generator of an infinite metacyclic subgroup of

\mathrm{Mod}(S_{g})

that are realized. Finally, we show that the centralizer of an irreducible periodic mapping class

F

is either

\langle F\rangle

or

\langle F\rangle\times\langle i\rangle

, where

i

is a hyperelliptic involution.
Yamabe systems, optimal partitions and nodal solutions to the Yamabe equation
Authors: Clapp Mónica , Pistoia Angela , Tavares Hugo
Published: May 2024

We give conditions for the existence of regular optimal partitions, with an arbitrary number

\ell\geq 2

of components, for the Yamabe equation on a closed Riemannian manifold

(M,g)

. To this aim, we study a weakly coupled competitive elliptic system of

\ell

equations, related to the Yamabe equation. We show that this system has a least energy solution with nontrivial components if

\dim M\geq 10

,

(M,g)

is not locally conformally flat, and satisfies an additional geometric assumption whenever

\dim M=10

. Moreover, we show that the limit profiles of the components of the solution separate spatially as the competition parameter goes to

-\infty

, giving rise to an optimal partition. We show that this partition exhausts the whole manifold, and we prove the regularity of both the interfaces and the limit profiles, together with a free boundary condition. For

\ell=2

the optimal partition obtained yields a least energy sign-changing solution to the Yamabe equation with precisely two nodal domains.
Mortality rates among adult critical care patients with unusual or extreme values of vital signs and other physiological parameters: a retrospective study
Authors: Harding Charles , Pompei Marybeth , Burmistrov Dmitriy , Pompei Francesco
Published: May 2024

Background: We evaluated relationships of vital signs and laboratory-tested physiological parameters with in-hospital mortality, focusing on values that are unusual or extreme even in critical care settings.Methods: We retrospectively studied Philips Healthcare–MIT eICU data (207 U.S. hospitals, 2014–2015), including 166,959 adult-patient critical care admissions. Analyzing most-deranged (worst) value measured in the first admission day, we investigated vital signs (body temperature, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and respiratory rate) as well as albumin, bilirubin, blood pH via arterial blood gas (ABG), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, FiO2 ABG, glucose, hematocrit, PaO2 ABG, PaCO2 ABG, sodium, 24-hour urine output, and white blood cell count (WBC).Results: In-hospital mortality was ≥50% at extremes of low blood pH, low and high body temperature, low albumin, low glucose, and low heart rate. Near extremes of blood pH, temperature, glucose, heart rate, PaO2, and WBC, relatively small changes in measured values correlated with several-fold mortality rate increases. However, high mortality rates and abrupt mortality increases were often hidden by the common practice of thresholding or binning physiological parameters. The best predictors of in-hospital mortality were blood pH, temperature, and FiO2 (scaled Brier scores: 0.084, 0.063, and 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: In-hospital mortality is high and sharply increasing at extremes of blood pH, body temperature, and other parameters. Common-practice thresholding obscures these associations. In practice, vital signs are sometimes treated more casually than laboratory-tested parameters. Yet, vitals are easier to obtain and we found they are often the best mortality predictors, supporting perspectives that vitals are undervalued.
Comparative Analysis of Pediatric Patients with Different Involvements of Brucellosis
Authors: Deniz Melis , Şenol Hande , Parlak Kerim , Kabar Feyza
Published: May 2024

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that mimics many other diseases, making diagnosis difficult in pediatric patients. If the clinical signs of the disease are not well known and there is a delay in diagnosis and treatment, complicated brucellosis involving different body sites can develop. This study aimed to analyze the demographics, clinical information, laboratory test results, and imaging findings of children with brucellosis. Particular attention was paid to the involvement of organs and potential complications. Pediatric patients diagnosed with brucellosis at the Sanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital in Turkey were retrospectively evaluated. In total, 101 patients diagnosed with brucellosis were included in this study. Bone-joint involvement was observed in 21 (20.7%) patients. High Brucella Coombs gel test (CT) titers (≥1/640) and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were significant in the bone-joint brucellosis group (P = 0.022 and P = 0.0205, respectively). Fourteen (13.9%) patients had at least one organomegaly in which Brucella CT titers and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were substantially higher than those in patients without organomegaly (P = 0.02 and P = 0.0049, respectively). Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in 36 (35.6%), 10 (9.9%), and 4 (3.9%) patients, respectively. At least one elevation in liver function test (LFT) results was observed in 32 (31.7%) patients. High acute-phase reactants, such as ESR, CRP levels, and Brucella CT titers, may help identify complicated brucellosis. This study highlights that pediatric brucellosis can lead to cytopenia and elevated LFT results and should therefore be considered as a differential diagnosis.