bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIJAZI ARCHITECTURAL OBJECT LIBRARY
(HAOL)
Authors: Baik A. , Boehm J.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. As with many historical buildings around the world, building façades are of special interest; moreover, the details of such windows, stonework, and ornaments give each historic building its individual character. Each object of these buildings must be classified in an architectural object library. Recently, a number of researches have been focusing on this topic in Europe and Canada. From this standpoint, the Hijazi Architectural Objects Library (HAOL) has reproduced Hijazi elements as 3D computer models, which are modelled using a Revit Family (RFA). The HAOL will be dependent on the image survey and point cloud data. The Hijazi Object such as Roshan and Mashrabiyah, become as vocabulary of many Islamic cities in the Hijazi region such as Jeddah in Saudi Arabia, and even for a number of Islamic historic cities such as Istanbul and Cairo. These architectural vocabularies are the main cause of the beauty of these heritage. However, there is a big gap in both the Islamic architectural library and the Hijazi architectural library to provide these unique elements. Besides, both Islamic and Hijazi architecture contains a huge amount of information which has not yet been digitally classified according to period and styles. Due to this issue, this paper will be focusing on developing of Heritage BIM (HBIM) standards and the HAOL library to reduce the cost and the delivering time for heritage and new projects that involve in Hijazi architectural styles. Through this paper, the fundamentals of Hijazi architecture informatics will be provided via developing framework for HBIM models and standards. This framework will provide schema and critical information, for example, classifying the different shapes, models, and forms of structure, construction, and ornamentation of Hijazi architecture in order to digitalize parametric building identity.
ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF A COMPLEX BUILDING 3D MODEL
RECONSTRUCTED FROM IMAGES ACQUIRED WITH A LOW-COST UAS
Authors: Oniga E. , Chirilă C. , Stătescu F.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) are a wide used technique for acquisition in order to create buildings 3D models, providing the acquisition of a high number of images at very high resolution or video sequences, in a very short time. Since low-cost UASs are preferred, the accuracy of a building 3D model created using this platforms must be evaluated. To achieve results, the dean's office building from the Faculty of “Hydrotechnical Engineering, Geodesy and Environmental Engineering” of Iasi, Romania, has been chosen, which is a complex shape building with the roof formed of two hyperbolic paraboloids. Seven points were placed on the ground around the building, three of them being used as GCPs, while the remaining four as Check points (CPs) for accuracy assessment. Additionally, the coordinates of 10 natural CPs representing the building characteristic points were measured with a Leica TCR 405 total station. The building 3D model was created as a point cloud which was automatically generated based on digital images acquired with the low-cost UASs, using the image matching algorithm and different software like 3DF Zephyr, Visual SfM, PhotoModeler Scanner and Drone2Map for ArcGIS. Except for the PhotoModeler Scanner software, the interior and exterior orientation parameters were determined simultaneously by solving a self-calibrating bundle adjustment. Based on the UAS point clouds, automatically generated by using the above mentioned software and GNSS data respectively, the parameters of the east side hyperbolic paraboloid were calculated using the least squares method and a statistical blunder detection. Then, in order to assess the accuracy of the building 3D model, several comparisons were made for the facades and the roof with reference data, considered with minimum errors: TLS mesh for the facades and GNSS mesh for the roof. Finally, the front facade of the building was created in 3D based on its characteristic points using the PhotoModeler Scanner software, resulting a CAD (Computer Aided Design) model. The results showed the high potential of using low-cost UASs for building 3D model creation and if the building 3D model is created based on its characteristic points the accuracy is significantly improved.
FISHEYE PHOTOGRAMMETRY:
TESTS AND METHODOLOGIES FOR THE SURVEY OF NARROW SPACES
Authors: Perfetti L. , Polari C. , Fassi F.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The research illustrated in this article aimed at identifying a good standard methodology to survey very narrow spaces during 3D investigation of Cultural Heritage. It is an important topic in today’s era of BIM modelling applied to Cultural Heritage. Spaces like staircases, corridors and passages are very common in the architectural or archaeological fields, and obtaining a 3D-oriented survey of those areas can be a very complex task when completeness of the model and high precision are requested. Photogrammetry appears to be the most promising solution in terms of versatility and manoeuvrability also considering the quality of the required data. Fisheye lenses were studied and tested in depth because of their significant advantage in the field of view if compared with rectilinear lenses. This advantage alone can be crucial to reduce the total amount of photos and, as a consequence, to obtain manageable data, to simplify the survey phase and to significantly reduce the elaboration time. In order to overcome the main issue that arise when using fisheye lenses, which is the lack of rules that can be employed to design the survey, a general mathematical formulation to precisely estimate the GSD (Ground Sampling Distance) for every optical projection is presented here. A complete survey of a real complex case study was performed in order to test and stress the proposed methodology, and to handle a fisheye-based survey from beginning to end: the photogrammetric survey of the Minguzzi Staircase. It is a complex service spiral-staircase located in the Duomo di Milano with a total height of 25 meters and characterized by a narrow walkable space about 70 centimetres wide.
RECOVERING OLD STEREOSCOPIC NEGATIVES AND PRODUCING DIGITAL 3D
MODELS OF FORMER APPEARANCES OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Á. , Valle Melón J. M.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Three-dimensional models with photographic textures have become a usual product for the study and dissemination of elements of heritage. The interest for cultural heritage also includes evolution along time; therefore, apart from the 3D models of the current state, it is interesting to be able to generate models representing how they were in the past. To that end, it is necessary to resort to archive information corresponding to the moments that we want to visualize. This text analyses the possibilities of generating 3D models of surfaces with photographic textures from old collections of analog negatives coming from works of terrestrial stereoscopic photogrammetry of historic buildings. The case studies presented refer to the geometric documentation of a small hermitage (done in 1996) and two sections of a wall (year 2000). The procedure starts with the digitization of the film negatives and the processing of the images generated, after which a combination of different methods for 3D reconstruction and texture wrapping are applied: techniques working simultaneously with several images (such as the algorithms of Structure from Motion – SfM) and single image techniques (such as the reconstruction based on vanishing points). Then, the features of the obtained models are described according to the geometric accuracy, completeness and aesthetic quality. In this way, it is possible to establish the real applicability of the models in order to be useful for the aforementioned historical studies and dissemination purposes. The text also wants to draw attention to the importance of preserving the documentary heritage available in the collections of negatives in archival custody and to the increasing difficulty of using them due to: (1) problems of access and physical conservation, (2) obsolescence of the equipment for scanning and stereoplotting and (3) the fact that the software for processing digitized photographs is discontinued.
LOCALIZATION OF PATHOLOGY ON COMPLEX ARCHITECTURE BUILDING SURFACES
Authors: Sidiropoulos A. A. , Lakakis K. N. , Mouza V. K.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The technology of 3D laser scanning is considered as one of the most common methods for heritage documentation. The point clouds that are being produced provide information of high detail, both geometric and thematic. There are various studies that examine techniques of the best exploitation of this information. In this study, an algorithm of pathology localization, such as cracks and fissures, on complex building surfaces is being tested. The algorithm makes use of the points’ position in the point cloud and tries to distinguish them in two groups-patterns; pathology and non-pathology. The extraction of the geometric information that is being used for recognizing the pattern of the points is being accomplished via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in user-specified neighborhoods in the whole point cloud. The implementation of PCA leads to the definition of the normal vector at each point of the cloud. Two tests that operate separately examine both local and global geometric criteria among the points and conclude which of them should be categorized as pathology. The proposed algorithm was tested on parts of the Gazi Evrenos Baths masonry, which are located at the city of Giannitsa at Northern Greece.
POINT CLOUD ANALYSIS FOR CONSERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT OF MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Balzani M. , Maietti F. , Mugayar Kühl B.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Documentation of cultural assets through improved acquisition processes for advanced 3D modelling is one of the main challenges to be faced in order to address, through digital representation, advanced analysis on shape, appearance and conservation condition of cultural heritage. 3D modelling can originate new avenues in the way tangible cultural heritage is studied, visualized, curated, displayed and monitored, improving key features such as analysis and visualization of material degradation and state of conservation. An applied research focused on the analysis of surface specifications and material properties by means of 3D laser scanner survey has been developed within the project of Digital Preservation of FAUUSP building, Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. The integrated 3D survey has been performed by the DIAPReM Center of the Department of Architecture of the University of Ferrara in cooperation with the FAUUSP. The 3D survey has allowed the realization of a point cloud model of the external surfaces, as the basis to investigate in detail the formal characteristics, geometric textures and surface features. The digital geometric model was also the basis for processing the intensity values acquired by laser scanning instrument; this method of analysis was an essential integration to the macroscopic investigations in order to manage additional information related to surface characteristics displayable on the point cloud.
THE USE OF 3D SCANNING AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNIQUES IN THE CASE
STUDY OF THE ROMAN THEATRE OF NIKOPOLIS. SURVEYING, VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION AND RESTORATION STUDY.
Authors: Bilis T. , Kouimtzoglou T. , Magnisali M. , Tokmakidis P.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to present the specific methods by which 3D scanning and photogrammetric techniques were incorporated into the architectural study, the documentation and the graphic restoration study of the monument of the ancient theatre of Nikopolis. Traditional methods of surveying were enhanced by the use of 3D scanning and image-based 3D reconstruction and 3D remodelling and renderings. For this reason, a team of specialists from different scientific fields has been organized. This presented the opportunity to observe every change of the restoration design process, not only by the use of common elevations and ground plans, but also in 3D space. It has been also very liberating to know how the monument will look like in this unique site after the restoration, so as to obtain at the study stage the best intervention decisions possible. Moreover, these modern work tools helped of course to convince the authorities for the accuracy of the restoration actions and finally to make the proposal clear to the public.
The evaluation and enhancement of quality, environmental protection and seaport safety by using FAHP
Authors: Tadic Danijela , Aleksic Aleksandar , Popovic Pavle , Arsovski Slavko , Castelli Ana , Joksimovic Danijela , Stefanovic Miladin
Published: February 2017

Abstract. The evaluation and enhancement of business processes in any organization in an uncertain environment presents one of the main requirements of ISO 9000:2008 and has a key effect on competitive advantage and long-term sustainability. The aim of this paper can be defined as the identification and discussion of some of the most important business processes of seaports and the performances of business processes and their key performance indicators (KPIs). The complexity and importance of the treated problem call for analytic methods rather than intuitive decisions. The existing decision variables of the considered problem are described by linguistic expressions which are modelled by triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). In this paper, the modified fuzzy extended analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is proposed. The assessment of the relative importance of each pair of performances and their key performance indicators are stated as a fuzzy group decision-making problem. By using the modified fuzzy extended analytic hierarchy process, the fuzzy rank of business processes of a seaport is obtained. The model is tested through an illustrative example with real-life data, where the obtained data suggest measures which should enhance business strategy and improve key performance indicators. The future improvement is based on benchmark and knowledge sharing.
Tendencias recientes de la política de vivienda en España
Authors: Leal Maldonado Jesus , Martínez del Olmo Almudena
Published: February 2017

La política de vivienda española a lo largo de los últimos años ha llevado a cabo una serie de actuaciones incapaces de responder a los problemas para el acceso a una vivienda de amplios sectores de la sociedad española. El análisis de los instrumentos empleados muestra la dificultad para superar los efectos de la burbuja inmobiliaria y adaptarse a los cambios generados por  las nuevas necesidades de los jóvenes, los mayores, los trabajadores extranjeros y los hogares más desfavorecidos. La inercia de una continuidad en las medidas aplicadas muestra la dificultad real para conseguir un cambio efectivo que impulse las viviendas sociales en alquiler y la alternativa de poder reconvertir las actuaciones sobre la oferta de suelo, la fiscalidad, la financiación y la propia  intervención directa. La culminación de un cambio en la orientación estatal de la política de vivienda que se manifiesta en el último plan trienal se enfrenta con la escasez de recursos atribuidos que ponen en cuestión el verdadero alcance de sus medidas.
El difícil acceso de los jóvenes al mercado de vivienda en España: precios, regímenes de tenencia y esfuerzos
Authors: Echaves García Antonio
Published: February 2017

Actualmente en España, el esfuerzo de acceso a una vivienda libre por parte de los jóvenes es susceptible de haberse reducido en términos globales como consecuencia de la significativa reducción de los precios. Sin embargo, ello no implica una mayor facilidad de acceso ya que los requisitos para comprar o alquilar se complican sustancialmente. Ni supone realmente ninguna mejora respecto a años anteriores. La razón está en que sólo un reducido número de jóvenes poseen un nivel de renta suficiente para poder acceder a una vivienda. Todo ello en un contexto residencial desfavorable, caracterizado por: predominio de la vivienda libre en propiedad, elevados precios y escasez de viviendas ofertadas en alquiler a un precio asequible, lo que sin duda nos está informando que este último régimen de tenencia no supone una alternativa real y sobretodo eficaz para facilitar la autonomía e independencia residencial de los jóvenes.
El trabajo de cuidados. Una aproximación desde la enfermería española
Authors: Meseguer Gancedo Pablo
Published: February 2017

La sociología suele conceptualizar el cuidado como una actividad feminizada que cubre necesidades sociales, colocando en un segundo plano el análisis de los cuidados desde la perspectiva del trabajo. En el artículo, por el contrario, se analiza la enfermería española situando en el centro la dimensión de trabajo que comportan los cuidados. Se examina cómo hace cuarenta años la enfermería española se autodefinió como la profesión del cuidado, en su pretensión por dotarse de un espacio competencial propio no subordinado a la práctica médica y buscando influir en el desarrollo de nuevas orientaciones y servicios sanitarios. Actualmente, el aumento del nivel formativo del conjunto de los trabajadores de la salud y la protocolización de los procesos de trabajo permiten que un número creciente de categorías profesionales pueda hacerse cargo de distintas funciones productivas. Esto transforma el contenido y los protagonistas de los cuidados, generando ambivalentes disputas en la delimitación de los mapas competenciales de las distintas profesiones sanitarias.
Los diferentes tipos de resultados en las cooperativas portuguesas. Un estudio de caso múltiple
Authors: Bandeira Ana Maria , Meira Deolinda , Alves Vera
Published: February 2017

El objetivo de este estudio consiste en identificar los diferentes tipos de resultados en las cooperativas portuguesas, comprender el tratamiento jurídico y contable de los mismos y evaluar si la normativa contable vigente permite constatar sus especificidades. De este modo, utilizando la metodología cualitativa, mediante el análisis de contenidos y un estudio de caso múltiple, se procede a una reflexión sobre el régimen jurídico y contable de los resultados de las cooperativas. La información obtenida muestra que el tratamiento jurídico y contable de los resultados no se adecuan debidamente a la realidad de las cooperativas. No son claramente identificables en la legislación vigente los diferentes tipos de resultados, que se someten al mismo tratamiento contable que los resultados de las sociedades mercantiles a pesar de las diferencias sustanciales entre ambas formas jurídicas. Así pues, defendemos la alteración de la normativa contable aplicable a las cooperativas para que se las someta a la normativa aplicable a las entidades sin ánimo de lucro, de forma a que se evidencie el objeto real de estas, principalmente su finalidad mutualista, lo cual permitirá establecer diferencias contables entre los diferentes tipos de resultados, dado que el modelo de las demostraciones incluidas permitirá discriminar los resultados según las diversas actividades.
Análise de dados clínicos e laboratoriais associados à litíase urinária em pacientes de um laboratório de análises clínicas
Authors: LOPATA Victor José , HOFELMANN Doroteia Aparecida , SPEZIA Juliana , HAUSER Aline Borsato
Published: February 2017

A litíase urinária é uma doença que acomete milhões de pessoas anualmente e se deve à formação de cálculos resultantes da aglomeração de cristais. O exame de urina possibilita a detecção da hematúria e a identificação de cristais. Este trabalho estabeleceu a relação entre os dados clínicos e laboratoriais envolvidos na litíase urinária em um laboratório clínico em Reserva-PR. Os pacientes responderam questionário sobre os dados clínicos e a partir das amostras de urina foram identificados cristais e quantificadas hemácias. Do total de pacientes (n=400), 27% apresentaram cristais. Houve predomínio de oxalato de cálcio (65%), seguido por uratos amorfos, ácido úrico, carbonato de cálcio e fosfatos amorfos. Houve resultado significativo (p<0,001) quando associados presença de cristal e evidência clínica, sendo comparados aos pacientes sem e com histórico. Não houve diferença significativa quando comparada hematúria com presença de cristais, evidência ou histórico. A hematúria pode ser sinal de litíase e o achado de aglomerados de cristais, pode ser indicativo. Em nosso trabalho, a incidência de cristalúria e a prevalência de oxalato de cálcio condizem com a literatura. A associação entre presença de cristais, evidência e histórico evidenciaram a importância do histórico na litíase. Não se pode afirmar que a hematúria encontrada teve relação direta com o aparecimento dos cristais, ou que os pacientes com hematúria e sem cristais não apresentavam cálculo. Concluindo, estas investigações são importantes para melhor elucidar os aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais na litíase, evitar casos novos ou impedir que pacientes já afetados tenham recidivas.
FLAVONÓIDES E ANTOCIANINAS EM MYRCIARIA CAULIFLORA (JABUTICABA) VISANDO À APLICABILIDADE COSMÉTICA
Authors: MEIRA Nicole De Almeida  Nunes , PEREIRA Neila De Paula
Published: February 2017

A jabuticaba se caracteriza por ser um fruto apreciado pelos brasileiros e muito usado na medicina popular. As cascas e sementes podem ser usados como fontes alternativas de micronutrientes e como ativos em indústrias de cosméticos. Este estudo tem como objetivo correlacionar a jabuticaba como potencial ativo para cosméticos sustentáveis. A revisão de literatura foi realizada consultando bases científicas, capítulos de livros temáticos, monografias de especialização, dissertações, teses e legislações no âmbito nacional e internacional. Também foi realizada uma prospecção patentária preliminar da relação entre jabuticaba e cosméticos. As antocianinas fazem parte do grupo dos flavonóides e estão presentes predominantemente em flores e frutos. Sua ação como antioxidante endógeno é considerada sua propriedade mais importante. Nas última décadas houve um aumento e envelhecimento da população mundial que juntamente com a busca por uma aparência mais jovem, tem despertado o interesse por estudos relacionados às propriedades antienvelhecimento das substâncias ativas. A aplicação de cosméticos tópicos com ativos antioxidantes reduz os danos oxidativos induzidos pela radiação UV e constituem uma boa alternativa na proteção da pele contra o fotoenvelhecimento. As cascas da jabuticaba possuem maior concentração de compostos fenólicos, maior atividade antioxidante e teor de antocianinas comparada com as outras frações. Apesar de todas as evidências promissoras que esta fruta e suas frações apresentam em relação à indústria cosmética, é necessário realizar mais pesquisas que identifiquem e afirmem com fontes científicas o seu potencial para ser utilizado como ativo cosmético.
Avaliação da Estabilidade de Emulsões Cosméticas Elaboradas com Saponinas de Juá (Ziziphus joazeiro) e Sisal (Agave sisalana)
Authors: POZZA Bianca Morcilo de Floriani , SILVA Kelly Alencar , RIBEIRO Bernardo Dias , COELHO Maria Alice Zarur
Published: February 2017

O estudo trata sobre o desenvolvimento de emulsão cosmética utilizando as saponinas de Juá e Sisal e a avaliação dos mecanismos de envelhecimento ao longo do tempo utilizando o processamento digital de imagem como ferramenta. Para o estudo da estabilidade física das emulsões foram mensurados o diâmetro médio das gotículas de óleo a cada 7 dias durante 90 dias de armazenamento. Além disso, testes físicos como: centrifugação, ciclo de congelamento-descongelamento, aquecimento acelerado foram conduzidos proporcionando as amostras a diferentes condições de stress.
Relação entre desmame precoce e alergias alimentares
Authors: JOSÉ Dayane Kanarski Bernardino , VITIATO Jéssica Antunes , HASS Karina , FRANÇA Tauani Caroline Santos , VICENTE Mariana Abe
Published: February 2017

A amamentação tem desempenhado papel importante na saúde dos neonatos, sendo o leite materno o alimento que fornece os nutrientes que a criança necessita para um adequado crescimento e desenvolvimento eoferece efeitos protetores essencial para a redução de alergias alimentares que está relacionada com interferências nutricionais nessa fase da vida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar na literatura científica as relações entre a hipersensibilidade alimentar com o desmame precoce, verificando a associação entre esses dois conceitos abordando as principais causas que levam ao desenvolvimento de alergias alimentares. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, SCIELO e LILACS, com ênfase em artigos dos últimos 10 anos, referente à relação do desmame precoce e reações alergênicas. Por meio da revisão bibliográfica, verificou-se que muitas são as causas que levam à interrupção do aleitamento materno, como a ausência de informações, introdução precoce de alimentos e o retorno da mãe ao trabalho. As reações alérgicas tem suas causas complexas e multifatoriais, mas alguns alimentos são compostos predisponentes de alergias alimentares, como o leite de vaca, glúten, frutos do mar, ovos e soja. Observa-se que imaturidade do sistema imunológico dos neonatos está diretamente relacionada à sensibilização alérgica, em que a ausência de amamentação ou sua interrupção precoce e a introdução de outros tipos de alimentos na dieta da criança pode causar consequências a sua saúde e expô-los a agentes infecciosos que causam reações alérgicas.
ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: SILVÉRIO Jane Kátia Alves , PEDREIRA Katherine Rios Almeida , KUTZ Nyvian Alexandre , SALGUEIRO Marcia Maria Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira
Published: February 2017

O envelhecer traz em si muitas incertezas, principalmente em relação às condições de saúde e aos cuidados com a pessoa idosa. Diante disso, muitas famílias tendem cada vez mais a dividirem as responsabilidades do cuidado desses indivíduos com as Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o estado nutricional de idosos institucionalizados avaliados pela Mini Avaliação Nutricional. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura com evidências científicas. Foram utilizados artigos publicados e indexados nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI (PUBMED) publicados nos últimos 5 anos. De acordo com a Mini Avaliação Nutricional destaca-se a alta prevalência de idosos institucionalizados em risco nutricional. A Mini Avaliação Nutricional é uma ferramenta útil e eficaz na detecção do estado nutricional de idosos e pode ser utilizada por profissionais da área da saúde, familiares e cuidadores de idosos. Os grupos de maior risco foram: idosos com deficiência cognitiva, capacidade física reduzida e de instituições da rede pública.
Equity Market Response to Form 20-F Disclosures for ADR Firms
Authors: Senteney Michael H. , Senteney David L. , Bazaz Mohammad S.
Published: February 2017

Non-U.S. companies may list securities in U.S. stock exchanges, provided that they file a set of audited financial statements as well as comply with extensive SEC disclosure requirements. We speculate that non-U.S. firms who choose to be listed in the major U.S. exchanges will comply with the supplemental disclosure requirements in order to have the supplemental disclosures impounded in the home country equity share price via the ADR share price in the manner described by Fishman and Hagerty (1989). We investigate the information content of non-U.S. firm’s earnings released vis-à-vis the SEC Form 20-F filings in both ADR and home country equity share markets. We employed models of the ADR and equity security share earnings release date abnormal returns controlling for the incremental firm-specific SEC Form 20-F disclosures required of exchange listed ADRs. Our results suggest that both ADR and home country equity share markets exhibit abnormal returns associated with the earnings release date. Particularly noteworthy, however, is the association between magnitudes of U.S. GAAP earnings and magnitudes of SEC Form 20-F filing date. Abnormal returns are significantly larger than the association between magnitudes of reported earnings and earnings report date abnormal returns in both the ADR and home country equity share markets. Our results seemingly suggest that the U.S. ADR share market’s response dominates the cross-market information flow, driving the home country equity share market response in a manner consistent with the notion that U.S. GAAP conveys price relevant information beyond reported earnings for non-U.S. firms.
Liquidity Risk and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Muriithi Jane Gathigia , Waweru Kennedy Munyua
Published: February 2017

The focus of this study was to examine the effect of liquidity risk on financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The period of interest was between year 2005 and 2014 for all the 43 registered commercial banks in Kenya. Liquidity risk was measured by liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and net stable funding ratio (NSFR) while financial performance by return on equity (ROE). Data was collected from commercial banks’ financial statements filed with the Central Bank of Kenya. Panel data techniques of random effects estimation and generalized method of moments (GMM) were used to purge time-invariant unobserved firm specific effects and to mitigate potential endogeneity problems. Pairwise correlations between the variables were carried out. Wald and F- tests were used to determine the significance of the regression while the coefficient of determination, within and between, was used to determine how much variation in dependent variable is explained by independent variables. Findings indicate that NSFR is negatively associated with bank profitability both in long run and short run while LCR does not significantly influence the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya both in long run and short run. However, the overall effect was that liquidity risk has a negative effect on financial performance. It is therefore advisable for a bank’s management to pay the required attention to the liquidity management.
Verhandelbare rechten, tussen markt en overheid
Authors: de Kok D.R.P.
Published: February 2017

Verhandelbare rechten, tussen markt en overheid. Over het dierrechtenstelsel in de Meststoffenwet

‘Too much love will kill you’, zong Brian May van Queen ooit. Van iets moois kun je ook te veel hebben, waardoor het in het tegenovergestelde verandert. Zo is het ook met mest: een waardevol product waarvan we in Nederland veel te veel hebben en dat dus tot problemen kan leiden. ‘Tot de schijt ons doodt.’ Dat betekent dat er maatregelen nodig zijn om de boel in goede banen te leiden. Dat gebeurt door regels te stellen over het aanwenden van mest, maar ook over de productie ervan. Dat laatste is gebeurd in de vorm van een dierrechtenstelsel. Dierrechten zijn de rechten voor veehouders om dieren (varkens en pluimvee) te houden. Die rechten zijn gelimiteerd (schaars) en vrij verhandelbaar gemaakt. In dit artikel wordt dit dierrechtenstelsel aan een nadere beschouwing onderworpen en afgezet tegen drie alternatieven, te weten een ‘traditioneel’ vergunningstelsel zonder verhandelbaarheid, een verplichting om via privaatrechtelijke overeenkomsten het publiek belang te borgen, en het stellen van algemene regels. De twee laatstgenoemde alternatieven zijn daadwerkelijk uitgewerkt in wetsvoorstellen, die in het artikel ook worden beschreven. Geconstateerd wordt dat uiteraard alle stelsels hun voor- en nadelen hebben, maar dat een stelsel van verhandelbare rechten als het dierrechtenstelsel als aanvullend sturingsinstrument waarschijnlijk de beste optie is en blijft. Dat komt met name door de eenvoud, de harde bovengrens en de goede uitvoerbaarheid en handhaafbaarheid.
Self-reported physical activity versus physical function capacity: alternatives for energy expenditure estimation
Authors: Mbada Chidozie E. , Osifeso Temitope A. , Johnson Olubusola E. , Okonji Adaobi M. , Odeyemi Emmanuel A.
Published: February 2017

The extent to which self-report activity measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) can substitute performance-based functional capacity measured by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) remains inconclusive. This study assessed Physical Activity (PA) and Functional Exercise Capacity (FEC); and also determined the relationship between PA and FEC in apparently healthy young adults.

A total of 342 (145 males and 197 females) undergraduates of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ile, Nigeria participated in the study. The IPAQ was used to assess PA, while FEC was assessed using the 6MWT, and expressed in terms of the Six-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD), Six-Minute Walk Work (6MWW), Maximum Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) and Metabolic Equivalent (METS). Anthropometric and cardiovascular parameters were measured following standardized procedures. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The alpha level was set at 0.05.

The mean age of the participants was 22.0±2.87 years. The mean IPAQ score of all participants was 1471.4±1086.93. The percentage for low, moderate and high PA was 19% (65), 41.2% (141) and 39.8% (136), respectively. The mean 6MWD, 6MWW, VO2max and METS were 639.47 ±66.6 m, 41805.0 ±8520.6 kg·m, 28.9 ±1.92 mlO2k-1min-1, 4.05 ±0.32 mL/kg, respectively. There were signifi cant positive correlations between PA and each of the 6MWD (r=0.268; p=0.001), 6MWW (r=0.219; p=0.001), VO2max (r=0.268; p=0.001), METS (r=0.268; p=0.001). Measures of exercise capacity were not signifi cantly correlated with the anthropometric variables (p>0.05).

Self-report of physical activity in healthy young adults does not adequately substitute the results of the Six-Minute Walk Test.

Mbada Ch.E., Osifeso T.A., Johnson O.E., Okonji A.M., Odeyemi E.A. Self-reported physical activity versus physical function capacity: alternatives for energy expenditure estimation. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(4): 4-12. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5479

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A comunicação de más notícias pelo enfermeiro no cenário do cuidado obstétrico
Authors: Rocha Larissa , Melo Carolina de , Costa Roberta , Anders Jane Cristina
Published: February 2017

Comunicar una mala noticia es una tarea difícil e importante para el personal de salud. En el contexto de la obstetricia este problema se hace aún más complejo porque este escenario, que representa vida, choca con las expectativas de las mujeres, familiares y profesionales involucrados. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis de reflexión sobre el trabajo de los enfermeros en la comunicación de malas noticias en el ámbito de la atención obstétrica. Se trata de un estudio de reflexión con miras a contribuir al tema de la salud. La difícil noticia está impregnada de significados responsables de las reacciones de todos los involucrados, especialmente cuando están vinculadas a la presencia inexorable de la muerte. En las escuelas los enfermeros aprenden a ayudar en el nacimiento y en el proceso de cura pero no aprenden a manejar situaciones de pérdida o muerte. Comunicar malas noticias puede desencadenar emociones que dejan al oyente incapaz de asimilar toda la conversación, por lo cual la acogida y el tiempo de elaboración son fundamentales. Dicha comunicación requiere una buena relación entre el personal en sí, la mujer y su familia. En la investigación científica hay blancos en lo referente al enfermero como comunicador de malas noticias y partidario de este proceso de afrontamiento.
Ansiedade de crianças em situação cirúrgica e percepções emocionais reportadas por seus acompanhantes no pré-operatório
Authors: Franzoi Mariana André Honorato , Martins Gisele
Published: February 2017

Objetivo: Evaluar el estado de ansiedad preoperatoria de niños sometidos a cirugía electiva y describir las percepciones emocionales de sus acompañantes vinculadas al proceso quirúrgico. Métodos: Estudio mixto descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo y corte transversal, realizado con 52 niños y sus acompañantes. En la recogida de datos se utilizó la escala de ansiedad preoperatoria de Yale modificada (EAPY-m) para evaluar el estado de ansiedad de los niños y la entrevista semiestructurada para investigar la percepción emocional de los acompañantes. El análisis de datos comprendió el análisis de contenido de los datos cualitativos y la estadística de naturaleza descriptiva e inferencial de los datos cuantitativos. Resultados: Se constató que más del 60% de los niños estaban ansiosos. La percepción emocional de los acompañantes estaba asociada estadísticamente al grado de parentesco con el niño: madres y padres mostraron más tensión relacionada, principalmente, con el miedo de la anestesia y del procedimiento quirúrgico debido a la falta de información y orientación del equipo de salud. Conclusiones: la atención de enfermería preoperatoria debe estar centrada en el niño y en la familia y debe contemplar intervenciones que promuevan cuidados no traumáticos para el niño y orientación sobre la anestesia y la cirugía a los acompañantes, especialmente si las familias estén representadas por la figura materna y/o paterna.
Perfil dos pacientes diagnosticados com doenças sexualmente transmissíveis assistidos na santa casa de guaxupé – mg no período de 1923 a 1932
Authors: Silva Maria Regina Guimarães , Sanna Maria Cristina
Published: February 2017

Investigación histórico documental con el objetivo de describir las características de los pacientes con enfermedades transmitidas sexualmente internados en la Santa Casa de Guaxupé entre enero de 1923 y diciembre de 1932. Como fuente directa se utilizó el Primer Libro de los Enfermos de la Santa Casa de Guaxupé que contiene los expedientes de pacientes internados durante dicho período. Como fuentes indirectas se seleccionaron algunos artículos relacionados con educación para la salud en el país y otros que se referían a las enfermedades transmitidas sexualmente (ETS). Entre enero de 1923 y diciembre de 1932 se contaron 2.826 enfermos, 471 de los cuales fueron diagnosticados con ETS, como sífilis y gonorrea, siendo 278 (59%) varones y 193 mujeres (41%). Se llegó a la conclusión que la Santa Casa de Misericordia de Guaxupé atendía principalmente a trabajadores varones entre los cuales aproximadamente el 17% tenía alguna enfermedad de transmisión sexual (ETS).
EFECTS OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE CU-Ge-Sb ALLOYS
Authors: Gurešić Dejan , Đorđević Aleksandar , Marković Aleksandar , Tomović Milica , Talijan Nadežda , Manasijević Ivana
Published: February 2017

In the current study a ternary Cu-Ge-Sb system has been experimentally assessed. Chemical andphase compositions of the alloy samples from three vertical sections Cu-GeSb, Ge-CuSb and Sb-CuGe were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Hardness of the alloys was measured byBrinell method while hardness of phases was measured using micro Vickers method. Electricalconductivity of the studied alloys was measured using eddy current instrument. Based onexperimentally determined values iso-lines of hardness and electrical conductivity for the wholeternary system were calculated using assumed mathematical models.
Structural basis for the hijacking of endosomal sorting nexin proteins by Chlamydia trachomatis
Authors: Paul Blessy , Kim Hyun Sung , Kerr Markus C , Huston Wilhelmina M , Teasdale Rohan D , Collins Brett M
Published: February 2017

During infection chlamydial pathogens form an intracellular membrane-bound replicative niche termed the inclusion, which is enriched with bacterial transmembrane proteins called Incs. Incs bind and manipulate host cell proteins to promote inclusion expansion and provide camouflage against innate immune responses. Sorting nexin (SNX) proteins that normally function in endosomal membrane trafficking are a major class of inclusion-associated host proteins, and are recruited by IncE/CT116. Crystal structures of the SNX5 phox-homology (PX) domain in complex with IncE define the precise molecular basis for these interactions. The binding site is unique to SNX5 and related family members SNX6 and SNX32. Intriguingly the site is also conserved in SNX5 homologues throughout evolution, suggesting that IncE captures SNX5-related proteins by mimicking a native host protein interaction. These findings thus provide the first mechanistic insights both into how chlamydial Incs hijack host proteins, and how SNX5-related PX domains function as scaffolds in protein complex assembly.
Position- and Hippo signaling-dependent plasticity during lineage segregation in the early mouse embryo
Authors: Posfai Eszter , Petropoulos Sophie , de Barros Flavia Regina Oliveira , Schell John Paul , Jurisica Igor , Sandberg Rickard , Lanner Fredrik , Rossant Janet
Published: February 2017

The segregation of the trophectoderm (TE) from the inner cell mass (ICM) in the mouse blastocyst is determined by position-dependent Hippo signaling. However, the window of responsiveness to Hippo signaling, the exact timing of lineage commitment and the overall relationship between cell commitment and global gene expression changes are still unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing during lineage segregation revealed that the TE transcriptional profile stabilizes earlier than the ICM and prior to blastocyst formation. Using quantitative Cdx2-eGFP expression as a readout of Hippo signaling activity, we assessed the experimental potential of individual blastomeres based on their level of Cdx2-eGFP expression and correlated potential with gene expression dynamics. We find that TE specification and commitment coincide and occur at the time of transcriptional stabilization, whereas ICM cells still retain the ability to regenerate TE up to the early blastocyst stage. Plasticity of both lineages is coincident with their window of sensitivity to Hippo signaling.
Politeness Strategies of the Provisional Agreement Document
Authors: Shehadeh Mohammad
Published: February 2017

This work investigates the politeness strategies of the so-called provisional agreement document in Jordanian context. It shows that such a document maintains several politeness strategies that help resolve any tension between the parties involved. It reflects that politeness is not meant only to elevate the communication between people but also it is an important clue in cataloguing this communication when it occurs in situations where the relationship between the two interlocutors is doomed by tragic event such as murder or car accidents.
Tidal currents and Kuroshio transport variations in the Tokara Strait estimated from ferryboat ADCP data
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Hua , Nakamura Hirohiko , Dong Menghong , Nishina Ayako , Yamashiro Toru
Published: February 2017

From 2003 to 2011, current surveys, using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) mounted on the Ferry Naminoue, were conducted across the Tokara Strait (TkS). Resulting velocity sections (1234) were used to estimate major tidal current constituents in the TkS. The semidiurnal M2 tidal current (maximum amplitude 27 cm s−1) was dominant among all the tidal constituents, and the diurnal K1 tidal current (maximum amplitude 21 cm s−1) was the largest among all the diurnal tidal constituents. Over the section, the ratios, relative to M2, of averaged amplitudes of M2, S2, N2, K2, K1, O1, P1, and Q1 tidal currents were 1.00:0.44:0.21:0.12:0.56:0.33:0.14:0.10. Tidal currents estimated from the ship‐mounted ADCP data were in good agreement with those from the mooring ADCP data. Their root‐mean‐square difference for the M2 tidal current amplitude was 2.0 cm s−1. After removing the tidal currents, the annual‐mean of the net volume transport (NVT) through the TkS ± its standard derivation was 23.03 ± 3.31 Sv (Sv = 106 m3 s−1). The maximum (minimum) monthly mean NVT occurred in July (November) with 24.60 (21.47) Sv. NVT values from the ship‐mounted ADCP were in good agreement with previous geostrophic volume transports calculated from conductivity temperature depth data, but the former showed much finer temporal structure than those from the geostrophic calculation.
Estimating the permanent loss of groundwater storage in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California
Authors: Smith R. G. , Knight R. , Chen J. , Reeves J. A. , Zebker H. A. , Farr T. , Liu Z.
Published: February 2017

In the San Joaquin Valley, California, recent droughts starting in 2007 have increased the pumping of groundwater, leading to widespread subsidence. In the southern portion of the San Joaquin Valley, vertical subsidence as high as 85 cm has been observed between June 2007 and December 2010 using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). This study seeks to map regions where inelastic (not recoverable) deformation occurred during the study period, resulting in permanent compaction and loss of groundwater storage. We estimated the amount of permanent compaction by incorporating multiple data sets: the total deformation derived from InSAR, estimated skeletal‐specific storage and hydraulic parameters, geologic information, and measured water levels during our study period. We used two approaches, one that we consider to provide an estimate of the lowest possible amount of inelastic deformation, and one that provides a more reasonable estimate. These two approaches resulted in a spatial distribution of values for the percentage of the total deformation that was inelastic, with the former estimating a spatially averaged value of 54%, and the latter a spatially averaged value of 98%. The former corresponds to the permanent loss of
m3 of groundwater storage, or roughly 5% of the volume of groundwater used over the study time period; the latter corresponds to the loss of
m3 of groundwater storage, or roughly 9% of the volume of groundwater used. This study demonstrates that a data‐driven approach can be used effectively to estimate the permanent loss of groundwater storage.
Vertical structure of tropospheric winds on gas giants
Authors: Scott R. K. , Dunkerton T. J.
Published: February 2017

Zonal mean zonal velocity profiles from cloud‐tracking observations on Jupiter and Saturn are used to infer latitudinal variations of potential temperature consistent with a shear stable potential vorticity distribution. Immediately below the cloud tops, density stratification is weaker on the poleward and stronger on the equatorward flanks of midlatitude jets, while at greater depth the opposite relation holds. Thermal wind balance then yields the associated vertical shears of midlatitude jets in an altitude range bounded above by the cloud tops and bounded below by the level where the latitudinal gradient of static stability changes sign. The inferred vertical shear below the cloud tops is consistent with existing thermal profiling of the upper troposphere. The sense of the associated mean meridional circulation in the upper troposphere is discussed, and expected magnitudes are given based on existing estimates of the radiative timescale on each planet.