bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
We Have Spent Time, Money, and Effort Making Self-Help Digital Mental Health Interventions: Is Anyone Going to Come to the Party? (Preprint)
Authors: Fitzpatrick Skye , Crenshaw Alexander O , Donkin Victoria , Collins Alexis , Xiang Angela , Earle Elizabeth A , Goenka Kamya , Varma Sonya , Bushe Julianne , McFadden Tara , Librado Andrea , Monson Candice
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Although efficacious psychotherapies exist, a limited number of mental health care providers and significant demand make their accessibility a fundamental problem. Clinical researchers, funders, and investors alike have converged on self-help digital mental health interventions (self-help DMHIs) as a low-cost, low-burden, and broadly scalable solution to the global mental health burden. Consequently, exorbitant financial and time-based resources have been invested in developing, testing, and disseminating these interventions. However, the public’s assumed desirability for self-help DMHIs by experts has largely proceeded without question. This commentary critically evaluates whether self-help DMHIs can, and will, reach their purported potential as a solution to the public burden of mental illness, with an emphasis on evaluating their real-world desirability. Our review finds that self-help DMHIs are often perceived as less desirable and credible than in-person treatments, with lower usage rates and, perhaps accordingly, clinical trials testing self-help DMHIs suffering from widespread recruitment challenges. We highlight two fundamental challenges that may be interfering with the desirability of, and engagement in, self-help DMHIs: (1) difficulty competing with technology companies that have advantages in resources, marketing, and user experience design (but may not be delivering evidence-based interventions) and (2) difficulty retaining (vs initially attracting) users. We discuss a range of potential solutions, including highlighting self-help DMHIs in public mental health awareness campaigns; public education about evidence-based interventions that can guide consumers to appropriate self-help DMHI selection; increased financial and expert support to clinical researchers for marketing, design, and user experience in self-help DMHI development; increased involvement of stakeholders in the design of self-help DMHIs; and investing in more research on ways to improve retention (versus initial engagement). We suggest that, through these efforts, self-help DMHIs may fully realize their promise for reducing the global burden of mental illness.
Detecting conversation topics in recruitment calls of African American participants to the All of Us Research Program (Preprint)
Authors: Pemu Priscilla , Prude Michael , McCaslin Atuarra , Ojemakinde Elizabeth , Awad Christopher , Rodriguez Anny , Idris Muhammed
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Advancements in science and technology can exacerbate health disparities, particularly when there is a lack of diversity in clinical research, which limits the benefits of innovations for underrepresented communities. With the U.S. population becoming increasingly diverse, it is crucial that clinical research studies reflect this diversity to improve health outcomes. A 2022 report by the National Academies of Medicine and Science emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to enhance inclusiveness in clinical research, particularly through better engagement between research teams and communities. However, limited data and small sample sizes in qualitative studies on the inclusion of underrepresented groups hinder progress in this area.

OBJECTIVE

Despite the rapid pace of discovery, science has been considerably less effective in translation into solutions that address persistent health disparities. This is largely due to lack of diversity in clinical trials. Because safety and effectiveness may vary in different populations, lack of diversity in clinical trial enrollment compromises healthcare delivery to excluded groups. Whereas others have posited barriers to clinical trial enrollment, little is known about what happens at the point of recruitment.

METHODS

This is the first analysis of conversations between Research Assistants (RAs) and prospective participants in the All of Us Research Program (AOURP). We used structural topic modeling to identify and compare latent topics of conversation in recruitment calls by estimating expected topic proportions in the corpus as a function of enrollment and participation in AOURP.

RESULTS

In total, our model estimated 45 topics of which 12 coherent topics were identified. Notable topics, that were more likely to occur in conversations between RAs and participants that enrolled and participated, include closing/following up to schedule an appointment, COVID protocols for in-person visits, explaining precision medicine and the need for representation, and working through objections. Topics among participants who did not enroll include technical challenges and describing physical measurement visits.

CONCLUSIONS

Using a mixed methods approach that leverages machine learning to identify topical structure and themes with limited human subjectivity is a promising strategy to identify gaps in, and opportunities to improve, recruitment of underserved communities into clinical trials.
Comparative Performance of Medical Students, ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4.0 in Answering Questions from a Brazilian National Medical Exam: An Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rodrigues Alessi Mateus , Gomes Heitor Augusto , Contin de Oliveira Gabriel Felipe , Lopes de Castro Matheus , Grenteski Fabiano , Miyashiro Leticia , do Valle Pavanelo Camila , Tozzini Tavres da Silva Leticia , Terumy Okamoto Cristina
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced significantly in various fields, including medicine, where tools like ChatGPT (GPT) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in interpreting and synthesizing complex medical data. Since its launch in 2019, GPT has evolved, with version 4.0 offering enhanced processing power, image interpretation, and more accurate responses. In medicine, GPT has been used for diagnosis, research, and education, achieving significant milestones like passing the USMLE board exam. Recent studies show that GPT 4.0 outperforms its earlier versions and medical students on medical exams.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of GPT versions 3.5 and 4.0 on Brazilian Progress Tests (PT) from 2021 to 2023, analyzing their accuracy compared to medical students.

METHODS

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 333 multiple-choice questions from the PT, excluding questions with images, nullified, or repeated items. All questions were presented sequentially, without any modification to their structure. The performance of GPT versions was compared using statistical methods, and medical students' scores were included for context.

RESULTS

GPT 4.0 showed a significant improvement in accuracy, achieving an 87.2% accuracy rate compared to 68.4% for GPT 3.5 (p-value = 0.028), representing a relative improvement of 27.4%. Despite these differences, both GPT 3.5 and 4.0 achieved a higher score than students from all years of medical school.

CONCLUSIONS

GPT 4.0 demonstrates superior accuracy compared to its predecessor in answering medical questions on the PT. The results of this article are similar to other researches, indicating that we are getting closer to new revolution in Medicine.
The effects of valence of TV series on mood and depression: An exploratory randomised pilot trial with a clinical sample (Preprint)
Authors: Mittmann Gloria , Steiner-Hofbauer Verena
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Valence of media such as music and digital media have shown to influence consumers’ mood and course of depression. Yet, we have limited knowledge of how valence of series can influence these states.

OBJECTIVE

This trial will test if valence of different series (drama, comedy, action) watched over 10 days influences mood and depression scores of a clinical sample of 45 (15 in each group) depressed Austrian young adults (age 18-35).

METHODS

Participants will be randomised into three groups concerning the valence of three commercial series (drama, comedy, action). In a pre-post-study, we will examine the potential influence of watching these series on mood and depression scores, measured with the Depressions-Angst-Stress-Skalen (DASS21) and Aktuelle Stimmungsskala (ASTS).

RESULTS

The trial has been funded by Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences and Land Niederösterreich and will start in October 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of this trial can provide first insights into practical implications of series consumption and mood for both clinical depression and general mood, which could lead to easy recommendations concerning series consumption.
Development and User Experience of a Web-Based Nutrition Intervention to Promote Dairy Product Consumption among Families: Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Lemay Juliette , Roberge Jacynthe , Provencher Véronique , Tremblay Angelo , Panahi Shirin , Jacob Raphaëlle , Brunelle Lucie , Saintonge Gabrielle , Drapeau Vicky
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Insufficient adherence to dietary guidelines highlights the need for interventions promoting healthy eating that includes dairy consumption among Canadian families. Research suggests that web-based interventions rooted in user research and theories effectively promote behavior change. However, few theory-driven web interventions target dairy product consumption in families.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the development process of a web-based nutrition intervention named “Dairyathlon” promoting dairy product (DP) consumption among families, using the IDEAS (Ideate, Design, Assess, and Share) framework.

METHODS

Following the IDEAS framework, family insights and beliefs about DP were gathered through ethnographic study and interviews. Behavior change techniques to enhance attitudes and perceived behavioral control toward DP consumption were developed based on the Theory of planned behavior. These techniques underwent a design process, including testing and adjustment of prototypes. The web-based platform user experience was assessed using the AttrakDiff questionnaire among families and compared to a reference website (Canadian Food Guide (CFG)). The AttrakDiff questionnaire measures pragmatic (PQ), hedonic stimulation (HSQ) and identity (HIQ), and attractiveness (ATT) dimensions of the web-based platform, with scores ranging from -3 to +3 (scores > 1 are optimal, 0-1 are acceptable, and < 0 are suboptimal).

RESULTS

Between April 2019 and August 2020, the Dairyathlon web-based intervention was developed for families to enhance attitudes and perceived control toward DP consumption, following the IDEAS framework. The user experience assessment of the Dairyathlon web-based platform among 29 families showed an optimal global score (1.4±0.8) and scored higher than the reference website (1.0±0.6; p=0.02) assessed among 15 families. After using the Dairyathlon, children (n=45) rated the four dimensions: PQ (1.4±1.0), HSQ (1.6±1.0), HIQ (1.4±1.1), and ATT (1.7±0.9), as optimal. Parents (n=50) rated dimensions as optimal, except for the stimulation quality (PQ: 1.2±1.0; HSQ: 0.9±0.8; HIQ: 1.4±0.8, and ATT: 1.6±0.8).

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that the IDEAS framework was useful in developing a web-based intervention that promotes the consumption of DP. The web-based platform user experience is classified as optimal. However, the stimulation dimension needs to be improved for adults. Future studies will evaluate the impact of the Dairyathlon web-based intervention on DP consumption and families' health and diet quality.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT05417347
Determinants of digital literacy: An international cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Qiu Connor , Lunova Tetiana , Greenfield Geva , Kerr Gabriele , Ergüven Ömrüm , Beaney Thomas , Hayhoe Benedict , Mayer Erik , Majeed Azeem , Neves Ana Luisa
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Digital health literacy describes an individual’s ability to use digital information and tools to improve their own health. Understanding of how digital health literacy varies across populations could help improve health equity. However, the determinants of digital health literacy have been scarcely evaluated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the levels of digital health literacy across four countries (UK, Sweden, Italy and Germany); and explore potential associations between digital health literacy and demographic characteristics and self-perceived health status.

METHODS

A cross-sectional online survey was disseminated to participants from the UK, Italy, Germany, and Sweden, in December 2020. Digital health literacy was self-reported using the validated eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) (Range: 0-40); low literacy has been previously defined as an eHEALS score <26. Participant characteristics collected were gender, age group, ethnicity, country, and perceived overall health status. A multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to explore associations between these variables and digital health literacy.

RESULTS

6,331 participants were included (51.7% female). The mean eHEALS score was 29.2 (± 6.8). Participant age, gender, health status, and country of residence were included in the final multivariable model. Compared to the 45-54 age group, the ≥55 age group had lower digital health literacy (β=-1.0; 95% CI: -1.4 to -0.5, p<.001), while digital literacy was higher in those aged 25-34 (β=0.9; 95% CI: 0.3 to 1.5, p=.002) and 35-44 (β=0.6; 95% CI: 0.1 to 1.2, p=.031). Better health status was associated with greater digital health literacy (β=0.3; 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.4, p<.001). Compared to participants from Germany, those from the UK (β=2.1; 95% CI: 1.7 to 2.5, p<.001) and Sweden (β=2.9; 95% CI: 2.4 to 3.4, p<.001) had higher digital health literacy scores, while there was no difference with Italian participants (p=0.399). Gender and ethnicity did not have any significant effect on digital health literacy.

CONCLUSIONS

This study found significant variations in digital health literacy by age, health status, and country of residence. Targeted educational programmes for vulnerable groups, particularly those of older age and poorer health status, is essential. Policies fostering accessible digital health solutions and mitigating health technology-related uncertainties for these populations are crucial for achieving optimal health outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
Inovação e território no Brasil: o perfil urbano-regional da subvenção econômica à inovação entre 2010-2019
Authors: Costa Aldenilson
Published: September 2024

O papel da inovação no território justifica as estratégias implementadas para estimular a atividade inovadora, sobretudo a partir de investimentos públicos. Nosso objetivo é analisar o perfil urbano-regional dos projetos de subvenção econômica à inovação contratados pela Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep) entre 2010 e 2019. O resultado obtido através de estatística descritiva destaca a distribuição desigual das empresas contempladas no conjunto do território, reforçando  a concentração das empresas  situadas em cidades médias e metrópoles das regiões Sul e Sudeste. Evidencia ainda a  fragilidade das estratégias  governamentais incapazes de romper com esse perfil espacial.
Harmonisasi Manusia dengan Alam dan Ekologi: Kajian atas Budaya Tamping di Masyarakat Tengger
Authors: Sukmawan Sony , Alifah Nurul
Published: September 2024

Masyarakat Tengger mengenal tiga relasi kosmologi, yaitu prahyangan, pawongan, dan palemahan, yakni tiga sumber kebahagiaan dan keharmonisan dalam hidup, berupa relasi manusia dengan Tuhan, sesama manusia, dan manusia dengan alam. Tamping hadir sebagai manifestasi dari harmonisasi masyarakat Tengger dengan alam. Tamping merupakan sesaji yang digunakan masyarakat Tengger dalam banyak momentum sakral, termasuk dalam tradisi pujan Tengger. Terdiri juadah, bra-kulup, gedhang ayu, pipis-pasung, tetel, nasi, dan lauk pauk yang dibungkus dengan daun pisang, setiap bagian tamping menyiratkan makna dimensi ekologis yang tercermin dalam keyakinan, pemikiran, ucapan, dan perilaku positif masyarakat Tengger terhadap alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kualitatif dengan perspektif penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan pembuatan Tamping dan komponen-komponennya merupakan simbolisasi keharmonisan masyarakat Tengger dengan alam. Hal ini mempunyai dampak yang signifikan terhadap ekologi. Dampak ekologis tersebut diwujudkan dalam cara pandang, kepercayaan, dan perilaku positif masyarakat Tengger terhadap ladang, air, tanah, tumbuhan, dan pepohonan.
Study of Composite Light Weight Leaf Spring
Authors: Singh Ramsingar , Chandra Dr. H. S.
Published: September 2024

The fundamental Objective of this project is to represent plan and exploratory examination of composite leaf spring made of glass fiber reinforced polymer. The intention is to look at the load carrying capacity, weight and stiffness effective of composite leaf spring with that of steel leaf spring. The design imperatives are stresses and deflections. The measurements of a current ordinary steel leaf spring of a light business vehicle are taken. Static investigation of leaf spring is likew ise performed utilizing analysis software and compared with experimental results. Limited component investigation with full load on 3D model of composite multi leaf spring is done utilizing analysis software and the analytical results are compared with experimentalresult
A Review on Enhancing Crop Yield through Smart Irrigation
Authors: George Ms. Tintu
Published: September 2024

Improving irrigation efficiency is crucial for the sustainability of agricultural production. The rise of smart irrigation techniques, particularly with advancements in wireless communication systems, monitoring devices, and control techniques, has the potential to significantly enhance irrigation efficiency. This study explores a broad spectrum of scientific approaches to smart irrigation, comparing and analyzing various methodologies to understand the effectiveness of these technologies. The research spans a wide range of topics, including irrigation methods, decision-making processes, and the technologies employed in smart irrigation. The information was meticulously gathered from a variety of scientific papers, with a particular focus on documents published over the past four years by authors from around the globe. Special attention was also given to various irrigation initiatives that demonstrate the practical application of these techniques. The subsequent evaluation in this study focuses on the critical components of smart irrigation, such as real-time irrigation scheduling, the Internet of Things (IoT), the significance of a reliable internet connection, smart sensing technologies, and energy harvesting. These components are essential for developing efficient and sustainable irrigation practices that can meet the challenges faced by modern agriculture.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self-instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Risk factors and prevention of Peptic Ulcer Disease Among Adults in a Selected Rural Areas of Udaipur
Authors: Pillai Vipin Kumar
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: Prevention of peptic ulcer disease is an important determinant of health over the course of life. The early years of life are a period of considerable opportunity for growth or vulnerability to harm. Therefore, it is of great importance that an adult should be aware about the risk factors and various ways to prevent peptic ulcer disease as possible This study aimed to assess the knowledge of adults regarding risk factors and prevention of peptic ulcer disease among selected rural areas of Udaipur.
Method: A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. The study involved 50 adults with in a selected rural area at Udaipur. Data collection included pre-test and post-test assessments of knowledge, demographic surveys, and statistical analysis to evaluate knowledge changes and associations. The self-instructional module was distributed and covered the following areas like: Introduction, Definition, Causes, Risk factors & Prevention. The effectiveness was measured by comparing pre-test and post-test scores, and associations were analyzed using chi-square tests.
Results: The data revels that 60% of adult had inadequate knowledge, 24% had moderately adequate knowledge and only 16% had adequate knowledge in pre-test and that 68% had adequate knowledge 14% had moderately adequate knowledge and only 18% had inadequate knowledge in post-test. After the intervention, majority (34%) of adults had good knowledge level whereas during pre-test only (8%) of adults had good knowledge Before intervention the mean knowledge score was 20.22. After intervention, the mean knowledge score was increased to 22.37. Statistically there was a significant difference in the mean knowledge score before and after the intervention (t = 10.95*, df = 19, P<0.05). Hence the hypothesis, there will be a significant difference in the pre and post-test mean knowledge score after the intervention was accepted. The data concluded that, there was a significant increase in the mean knowledge score after intervention because of self-instructional module
Interpretation and Conclusion: The study revealed that the self-instructional module was effective in improving the knowledge regarding the prevention of peptic ulcers
Keywords: Peptic Ulcer Disease, Self-Instructional Module, Knowledge, Risk factor
construção de um ethos moderno no Rio de Janeiro: revistas ilustradas e objetos publicizados
Authors: Santos Porter de Souza Melba Santos Porter de Souza , Siciliano Tatiana
Published: September 2024

Por meio da análise de objetos e aparatos tecnológicos publicizados em propagandas da Kósmos, revista ilustrada e importante suporte documental dos primeiros anos do século XX, este artigo buscou alcançar entendimento sobre como a sociedade carioca assimilou a modernização da Capital Federal, que efeitos produziu a interação com carros, com bondes elétricos, máquinas pe-sadas e outros modernismos que iam além das de ordem urbana, representados na imprensa da época. Para o estudo, foram analisadas todas as edições dos seis anos de publicação do impressoperiódico. Como demonstrado no estudo, a hipótese é que, como “janelas” para o entendimentoda cultura moderna, os aparatos tecnológicos e outros objetos publicizados nas páginas da imprensa trouxeram mais que revelações de como se deu a reconfiguração do espaço público, das novas formas de ver e ser na relação com a modernidade. Com simbologias próprias, auxiliaram na aspiração e na construção de um novo valor moral, seu caráter e um novo estilo de vida paraos cariocas.
Antagonismos no discurso sobre o design da experiência do usuário em empresas plataforma
Authors: Ribeiro Ferreira da Costa Ana Carolina , Reis Velloso Leandro Manuel
Published: September 2024

Este artigo investiga a complexa atuação do design no desenvolvimento de interfaces digitais dentro de empresas plataformas, considerando as influências do capitalismo tardio e dos discursos associados à prática do UX Design. A partir de entrevistas em profundidade com 18 designers profissionais que atuam em empresas plataformas, identificou-se como resultados duas atitudes predominantes na prática profissional: a Atitude Idealista, focada no bem-estar dos usuários, e a Atitude Pragmática, alinhada ao sistema capitalista. A discussão enfatiza as várias contradições entre o discurso pró-usuário e as práticas que visam atender às necessidades comerciais das empresas. Observaram-se os impactos do design sob duas perspectivas: o discurso do impacto positivo na vida dos usuários e a validação pelos resultados comerciais. Destaca-se também uma tensão existente entre os propósitos proclamados pelos designers e a realidade dos ganhos para os usuários, revelando a ideia de “propósito” como uma estratégia retórica das empresas para gerenciar tanto sua reputação quanto o trabalho de seus contratados. Por fim, aponta-se para a incoerência intrínseca à prática do design nas empresas plataformas, e questiona-se a posição do design como agente de transformação social diante das dualidades de objetivos aos quais tenta responder.
Impressão 3D para Inovação Social: análise de estudos de caso sob a ótica do Design para a definição de diretrizes
Authors: Araújo José Victor dos Santos , Torres Pablo Marcel de Arruda
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho é derivado de uma pesquisa que estabelece a relação entre Manufatura Aditiva (AM) e Inovação Social, sob a perspectiva do Design, e objetivou propor diretrizes para inserir a impressão 3D em projetos/negócios socialmente benéficos, especialmente em comunidades interioranas. É caracterizada como de natureza aplicada, de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória quanto aos objetivos e bibliográfica. Seus procedimentos incluem estudos de caso, sendo estes múltiplos, selecionados por gerarem produtos impressos em 3D e causarem impacto social em de-terminado contexto, que são apresentados e analisados, bem como pesquisa documental. Como resultados preliminares, verificou-se o avanço da indústria AM, a crescente de protótipos impressos em 3D, o aumento de demandas referentes ao codesign, a presença do Design nos casos anal-isados e a ênfase em contextos desfavorecidos.
design thinking como inspiração para interpretar o imaginário da identidade estética da moda gaúcha
Authors: Cherutti Milena , Pinheiro Cristiano Max Pereira
Published: September 2024

Criar consiste em um ato que possibilita a competência de compreender, além da aptidão em relacionar, caracterizar, compor e significar. Dessa maneira, esta pesquisa propôs um estudo acerca do imaginário da identidade estética gaúcha urbana e contemporânea, na perspectiva da indústria criativa, por meio de um workshop de cocriação, abalizado nos processos de design thinking. A compreensão da identidade estética da moda gaúcha e sua interpretação conforme o contexto social são elementos centrais deste estudo, cujo objetivo geral é coletar informações e dados locais sobre a identidade estética da moda gaúcha, utilizando-as como policies para o desenvolvimento de elementos de estilo para uma coleção de moda autoral. Como metodologia, utilizaram-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e também uma pesquisa de campo, conduzida de forma qualitativa e descritiva. Com base nos conceitos abordados, tornou-se possível validar a abordagem teórica dos conceitos concebidos durante o workshop de cocriação como inspiração para o desenvolvimento da cartela de cores, modelagens, cortes e estética, escolha de materiais (aviamentos e tecidos), buscando a identificação do público-alvo.
Distrito criativo em lã: relato de experiência aproximando design e artesanato
Authors: Iuva de Mello Carolina , De Freitas Saccol Ana Gabriela , Neugebauer Willie Danielle , Cargnelutti Bariquelo Paola , Nunes Goulart Stephanie
Published: September 2024

O presente trabalho propõe reflexões com base no relato de experiência estabelecido na aproximação entre dois projetos de extensão, Ateliê de Tecelagem e Design, Identidade e Território, desenvolvidos na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, com o objetivo de estimular a valorização identitária do território de Santa Maria (RS), mais especificamente do Distrito Criativo Centro-Gare. Levando-se em consideração as características locais de manufatura, o potencial iconográfico do território e os segmentos de mercado a serem atingidos, foram cocriados artefatos em lã ovina para serem comercializados como suvenires identitários. Também foram propostos materiais gráficos de divulgação, como cartazes e cartões, para reforçar a vinculação territorial dos produtos. As ações práticas seguiram as etapas da pesquisa-ação, enquanto o artigo, qualitativo em sua natureza, é exploratório em termos de objetivos, buscando promover uma compreensão mais profunda do tema. Por fim, ao reconhecer a criatividade como um fator estratégico para o desenvolvimento dos territórios, compreendemos que o design e o artesanato desempenham um papel de destaque na consolidação e dinamização dos distritos criativos. Nesse sentido, enfatiza-se a importância de iniciativas que promovam a interação e ambientes de cocriação entre diferentes atores da economia criativa, especialmente designers e artesãos.
Histórias sobre design, fotografia e arte na cultura visual contemporânea
Authors: Frota Rafael , Silva Jofre
Published: September 2024

Este artigo investiga as relações técnicas, estéticas e históricas entre o design, a fotografia e as artes visuais, propondo a compreensão dessas disciplinas não como campos autônomos do conhecimento, e sim expressões intrinsecamente conectadas, cujas influências mútuas contribuem para a compreensão de elementos da cultura visual. Ao adotar uma perspectiva fundamentada no pensamento de Michel Foucault, o texto destaca, também, como a dinâmica entre os saberes, os poderes e os processos de subjetivação permeiam a criação imagética e fomentam movimentos de resistência — que, para o autor, são forças propulsoras para a inovação e para a originalidade. A interseção entre esses campos, permeada pela interdisciplinaridade, revela um panorama com-plexo e dinâmico, em que os limites entre as práticas criativas se diluem e, com isso, abrem espaço para novas abordagens e interpretações que alimentam o tecido cultural contemporâneo.
Estéticas capilares negras do Rio de Janeiro: por uma abordagem política das estéticas corporais periféricas
Authors: Santos Cristiany dos , Novelli Daniela , Da Rosa Lucas , Silveira Icléia
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo buscou identificar a construção política em torno das estéticas capilares do loiro pivete e do reflexo alinhado enquanto tendências de estilo masculina a partir das visualidades negras contemporâneas das periferias do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, lança mão de uma pesquisa básica, com abordagem cultural construtivista, para analisar descritiva e qualitativamente essas estéticas por meio de levantamentos bibliográfico e documental (matérias jornalísticas de sites, canais virtuais e perfis do Instagram). Os resultados obtidos apontam a relevância simbólica e sociocultural dessas visualidades no processo histórico contemporâneo de empoderamento das comunidades cariocas pelo viés da moda — seja pelas táticas da descontração de jovens periféri-cos, seja pelas táticas de redefinição da apropriação da identidade negra em lugares hegemonica-mente legitimados pelo ethos da branquidade.
SISTEMAS ABO E RH: UMA ABORDAGEM INVESTIGATIVA E SOCIAL PARA A COMPREENSÃO DE CONCEITOS DE GENÉTICA
Authors: Sá Ohana Rafaela Morais , Shinya Thais Yumi , Almeida Pedro Marcos de , Martins Francielle  Alline
Published: September 2024

O uso de temas relacionados ao cotidiano em atividades de ensino investigativas proporciona uma aprendizagem mais significativa para os alunos, pois os aproxima das suas realidades, tornando o conteúdo mais interessante e relevante. Considerando que os sistemas sanguíneos ABO e Rh são assuntos frequentemente vinculados nos meios de comunicação, pressupõe-se que os estudantes tenham algum conhecimento acerca da temática. Assim, o objetivo desta proposta foi desenvolver atividades investigativas que abordem os sistemas ABO e Rh, com o intuito de facilitar a compreensão dos conceitos-chaves no ensino de genética, conscientizando a comunidade escolar sobre a importância da doação de sangue e relatar a experiência de aplicação das atividades propostas a um grupo de 17 estudantes da rede pública do Piauí. A partir da gravação e transcrição dos momentos de aprendizagem, verificou-se o desenvolvimento de competências conceituais, atitudinais e procedimentais, sendo também notória a conscientização da comunidade escolar acerca da importância da doação de sangue neste processo. Os resultados obtidos corroboram a importância de estratégias pedagógicas inovadoras e contextualizadas para o ensino de genética, ao mesmo tempo que enfatizam a necessidade contínua de atividades que promovam a conscientização e a participação ativa dos estudantes em questões sociais relevantes.
Penggunaan Video On Demand (VOD) Brand Netflix Sebagai Media Hiburan Alternatif Selama Pandemi 2020
Authors: Mardhiyyah Mardhiyyah
Published: September 2024

Pandemi Covid-19  memang membawa perubahan yang sangat signifikan disegala aspek kehidupan masyarakat. Tidak hanya dalam aspek ekonomi, aspek kesehatan, aspek politik, aspek sosial, hingga merubah gaya hidup masyarakat. Gaya hidup yang paling banyak berubah adalah cara berinteraksi dan mobilisasi masyarakat yang harus melakukan semua kegiatan sehari-hari di rumah. Akibatnya, terjadi kejenuhan tinggi yang menyebabkan masyarakat mulai mencari media-media hiburan alternatif untuk menghindari kejenuhan di rumah.Selain memanfaatkan media elektronik seperti televisi dan radio ataupun media  komunikasi  seperti  smartphone,  saat  ini  masyarakat  Indonesia  sedang marak menggunakan Video on Demand (VoD) sebagai media hiburan alternatif untuk  menghilangkan  kejenuhan  beraktivitas  di  rumah.  Salah  satu  VoD  yang sangat populer saat ini di Indonesia adalah Netflix.Peneliti menilai bahwa perlu adanya penelitian yang menggambarkan penggunaan Video on Demand (VoD) Neflix ini sebagai media hiburan alternatif selama pandemi 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan Kualitatif. Adapun yang menjadi subjek penelitian ini adalah pengguna aktif Netflix yang menjadikan Netfliz sebagai media hiburan alternatif selama Pandemi. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dipublikasikan dalam jurnal nasional terakreditasi Sinta 5, yaitu Jurnal Visi Komunikasi. Sebagai penelitian dasar, maka penelitian ini dapat dikategorikan dalam tingkat kesiapterapan teknologi (TKT) level 3, yaitu sebagai pembuktian konsep fungsi dan/atau karakteristik penting secara analitis dan eksperimental.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Preferensi khalayak pada konten media digital dibanding konten yang disajikan oleh media konvensional dikarenakan adanya  kemudahaan dan nilai efisien yang ditawarkan oleh media digital sehingga khalayak dapat menikmati konten siaran dimanapun dan kapanpun walaupun hanya dengan menggunakan smartphone, varian siaran yang terbatas dan monoton, serta kualitas isi siaran yang kurang kreatif dan tidak lagi mendidik masyarakat untuk menjadi penonton yang cerdas.
Financial bootstrapping as a sustainable livelihood alternative for agricultural co-operatives in an emerging economy
Authors: Zwane Bonginkosi Keith , Nyide Celani John , Sikwela Misery , Mantzaris Evangelos , Fuyane Nkululeko
Published: September 2024

There is a scarcity of scholarly literature relating to financial bootstrapping in emerging economies, especially the use by co-operatives in general and agricultural co-operatives in particular. As such, the financial bootstrapping methods used by agricultural co-operatives in South Africa, an emerging economy, remain unknown (Rwekaza, 2021; Zantsi, 2021). The aim of this study is to determine the financial bootstrapping methods used by agricultural co-operatives. This study was undergirded by pragmatism, which allowed and guided the adoption of mixed-methods research. The qualitative aspect was given more priority or weight in answering the research questions, making it a quan → QUAL design. The study consisted of 52 agricultural co-operatives located in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It was found that agricultural co-operatives practised some of the bootstrapping methods, especially those related to owner-related financing. However, there is little or no evidence of bootstrapping practices related to sharing resources and minimising capital invested in stock and accounts receivable. The co-operatives stifled their growth as they employed counter-bootstrapping activities caused mainly by their unsubstantiated beliefs. This research furnishes rural co-operatives with operational capital-enhancing guidelines that promote success
Asset quality and banks performance: A panel data analysis of commercial banks
Authors: Barakat Hanan Amin , Elwahab Shereen Abl , Yassin Nouran Mohamed , Ibrahim Salma Mohamed Mahmoud , Ismail Mohmed Hossam , Eldin Nadia Waled Sadr
Published: September 2024

Asset quality management plays a critical role in shaping the financial health and profitability of banks. Moreover, the frequent loan scams have made banking activities questionable. Therefore, non-performing loans (NPL) must get proper consideration and supervision to lessen the occurrence of loan scams (Abdul Aziz et al., 2009). This study investigates the relationship between asset quality management and bank profitability, focusing on key indicators such as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). Additionally, we examine specific metrics related to asset quality. The impact of asset quality management on bank profitability is investigated in this research through ten banks between 2017 and 2021. ROE and ROA will be used to measure the dependent variables of profitability; NPL, the total impairment charges to total operating income, and the total impairment charges to gross total loans (TL) will be used to measure the independent variables of asset quality management. Our analysis reveals a strong positive association between effective asset quality management and bank profitability. Banks that actively manage their asset quality tend to exhibit better financial performance. Specifically, higher provisioning for impaired assets (as reflected in the impairment charges ratios) is linked to improved bank stability and resilience.
Foliar-feeding weevils hijack tannin-degrading bacteria from the oak phyllosphere
Authors: Yi Xianfeng , Wang Yingnan
Published: September 2024

The gut microbiota is a critical component in the life history of
animals, particularly in the interactions between herbivores and plants.
Phytophagous insects that feed on oak leaves face the challenge of
detoxifying high-level tannins. Although the intestinal microbial
community plays a key role in improving detoxification, it is not yet
known where and how insects acquire the key tannin-degrading bacteria.
Here, we tracked the source of tannin-degrading bacteria in the guts of
Nothomyllocerus illitus Reitter, a major pest weevil that primarily
consumes oak leaves, using 16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota,
isolation and culture of bacteria, determination of tannin degradation
activity of bacteria, as well as tracing fluorescently labeled bacteria.
Our study showed that Bacillus, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter
represent the core bacterial genera involved in tannin degradation
within the intestinal tract of N. illitus. Our findings provide strong
evidence that N. illitus acquires these tannin-degrading bacteria from
the oak phyllosphere rather than from the soil microbiome. The
successful colonization of fluorescently labeled Bacillus and
Acinetobacter in the weevil gut confirms that these bacteria empower N.
illitus to degrade toxic tannins, enabling the weevil to thrive on oak
leaves despite the presence of high concentrations of defensive
chemicals, such as tannins.
Establishing a national linked database for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) in the UK: multi-method public and professional involvement to determine acceptability and feasibility
Authors: Harding Sarah , Samways Beverley , Dillon Amy , Butcher Sandra , Boyd Andy , Mukherjee Raja , Cook Penny , McQuire Cheryl
Published: September 2024

IntroductionFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is one of the leading non-genetic causes of developmental disability worldwide and is thought to be particularly common in the UK. Despite this, there is a lack of data on FASD in the UK.
ObjectiveTo conduct public and professional involvement work to establish stakeholder views on the feasibility, acceptability, key purposes, and design of a national linked longitudinal research database for FASD in the UK.
MethodsWe consulted with stakeholders using online workshops (one for adults with FASD [and their supporters] N\,$=$\,5; one for caregivers of people with FASD (N=7), 1:1/small-team video calls/email communication with clinicians, policymakers, data-governance experts, third-sector representatives, and researchers [N=35]), and one hybrid clinical workshop (N\,$=$\,17). Discussions covered data availability, benefits, challenges, and design preferences for a national pseudonymised linked database for FASD. We derived key themes from the notes and recordings collected across all involvement activities.
ResultsOur tailored, multi-method approach generated high levels of stakeholder engagement. Stakeholders expressed support for a pseudonymised national linked database for FASD. Key anticipated benefits were the potential for: increased awareness and understanding of FASD leading to better support; new insights into clinical profiles leading to greater diagnostic efficiency; facilitating international collaboration; and increased knowledge of the long-term impacts of FASD on health, social care, education, economic and criminal justice outcomes. Given the rich data infrastructure established in the UK, stakeholders expressed that a national linked FASD database could be world-leading. Common stakeholder concerns were around privacy and data-sharing and the importance of retaining space for clinical judgement alongside insights gained from quantitative analyses.
ConclusionsMulti-method and multidisciplinary public and professional involvement activities demonstrated support for a national linked database for FASD in the UK. Flexible, diverse, embedded stakeholder collaboration will be essential as we establish this database.
Enterprise and Caring in Community Arts Work: A Discourse Analysis
Authors:   , Shakirzhanov Refat
Published: September 2024

This thesis presents a discursive analysis of enterprising work of community arts: a domain of cultural work often portrayed as bringing important value to local communities (Matarasso, 2019; Jeffers, 2017a, 2017b; Moriarty, 2017; Matarasso, 2013; Kelly, 1984; Goldbard, 1993), yet lacking any significant academic research into this form of work and employment. Aiming to fill the existing knowledge gap on entrepreneurial work of community arts, this study draws on Foucauldian Discourse Analysis approach and an ethnographic outlook on research methodology. It explores how the discourse of ‘enterprise’ (Foucault, 2008; Du Gay, 1994a, 1994b, 1996, 2004; Du Gay & Salaman, 1992; Rose, 1992; Keat, 1991b; Gordon, 1991) pervades the work of community arts in Wales and whether an enterprising subjectivity is reproduced in this domain of work. The data for this study was collected in Wales from June 2021 to November 2022 principally by drawing on interviews supplemented through participant diaries, field observations, and participant-generated documents. The analysis of collected data highlights the proliferation of neoliberal enterprise in areas of cultural work not traditionally associated with commercial activity (Beirne et al., 2017), detailing the shape and form of entrepreneurial subject positions of workers primarily involved in prosocial activities within local community. Furthermore, this study sheds light on complex manifestations of enterprise reproduced within the context of collaborative, caring, and precarious work, which challenges paradigmatic portrayals of enterprising work (Du Gay, 1996) and highlights the role of non-economic discourses in the constitution of workers’ subjectivity (Fournier & Grey, 1999). A key finding of this study is the proliferation of the discourse of ‘caring about’ that acts both to operationalise the discourse of enterprise, as well as being a point of resistance for workers against identifying as entrepreneurial, self-interested, money-oriented, individualised subjects.
Iterative Procedure for Finite Family of Total Asymptotically Nonexpansive Maps (TAN)
Authors: Nnubia Agatha Chizoba , Akabuike Nkiruka Maria-Assumpta , Moore Chika
Published: September 2024

In this paper, CQ Algorithms for iterative approximation of a common fixed point of a finite family of nonlinear maps were introduced and sufficient conditions for the strong convergence of this process to a common fixed point of the family of Total asymptotically Nonexpansive maps (TAN) were proved.
Safety Evaluation and Preliminary Flow Cytometrical Analysis in Dogs With Oral Melanoma Treated with An Immunotherapeutic Dendritic Cell Fusion Vaccine and Concurrent Radiotherapy
Authors: Xia Yuan Yuan , Liao Albert Taiching , Ke Chiao Hsu , Lin Chen Si , Lee Jih Jong
Published: September 2024

Combination of immunotherapy and radiation therapy has been regarded as a new trend in treating cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate safety and peripheral blood lymphocyte changes in dogs diagnosed with oral malignant melanoma who received an immunotherapeutic dendritic cell vaccine and concurrent radiotherapy. The vaccine was conducted by fusing allogeneic dendritic cells and autologous tumor cells and was administrated subcutaneously every two weeks. Concurrent hypofractionated radiotherapy was given weekly. Six dogs were enrolled in this pilot clinical study. The treatment was well-tolerated, with only mild radiotherapy-related side effects reported. The median progression-free survival was 146.5 days. Flow cytometrical analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocyte revealed a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio in only one dog, who was also the only long-term survivor. The study provides insights into immune cell changes during immuno-radiotherapy and also supports further expansion of this kind of treatment, investigation of treatment efficacy, and exploration of correlations between immune cell changes and outcome.
Aszfaltkeverékek közvetett húzószilárdságának modellezése mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazásával
Authors: Saleh Ali , Gáspár László
Published: September 2024

Az újrahasznosított aszfaltot és habosított bitument tartalmazó aszfaltkeverékek közvetett húzószilárdságának előrebecslése lineáris regressziós és a neurális hálózati modellekkel jó szakmai célkitűzés. A kutatások során a véletlenszerű erdő (random forest) és a neurális hálózat (neural network) modell összehasonlításával igazolták a gépi tanulási technikák ilyen irányú haszmosíthatóságát.
A magyarországi vasúthálózat kapacitáskorlátainak matematikai modellezése különös tekintettel a Magyar Honvédség szállítási feladataira
Authors: Ardai István Tamás , Tóth Bence
Published: September 2024

A magyarországi vasúthálózat egyes vonalainak átbocsátóképessége erősen változik a vágányszám, a pályasebesség, a térközi közlekedés kiépítettsége, a közlekedtethető vonathossz stb. függvényében. A vizsgálatok arra irányulnak, hogy a hálózat átbocsátóképessége a Magyar Honvédség (MH) szempontjából: különleges jogrendi helyzet idején mekkora a hálózat maximális teljesítőképessége?
Tolerance And Peace As Enhacing Factor In Sharia Economic Growth
Authors: Alifah  , Hamidah  , Anisa  , Rizal
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the relationship between tolerance, peace, and sharia economic growth through a literature review approach. The focus is on understanding how tolerance and peace play roles as an enhancing factor in Sharia economic growth. High tolerance and maintained peace are considered crucial in creating a conducive environment for the development of a Sharia-based economy. Through a literature review, it was found that tolerance opens up opportunities for financial inclusion and investment in the Sharia economy, while peace provides the stability necessary for sustainable economic growth. The results of this study are expected to provide deeper insights into the importance of tolerance and peace in strengthening the Sharia economy, as well as provide a foundation for further research in this field.