bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental influences on Streptococcus sanguinis membrane vesicle biogenesis
Authors: Helliwell Emily , Choi Dongseok , Merritt Justin , Kreth Jens
Published: June 2023

Membrane vesicles are produced by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. While membrane vesicles are potent elicitors of eukaryotic cells and involved in cell-cell communication, information is scarce about their general biology in the context of community members and the environment. Streptococcus sanguinis, a Gram-positive oral commensal, is prevalent in the oral cavity and well-characterized for its ability to antagonize oral pathobionts. We have found that production and dissemination of membrane vesicles by S. sanguinis is dependent on environmental and community factors. Co-culture with interacting commensal Corynebacterium durum, as well as with the periodontal pathobiont Filifactor alocis had no effect on S. sanguinis vesicle number and size, whereas the periodontal pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis abolished S. sanguinis vesicle production. Using both correlation and differential expression analyses to examine the transcriptomic changes underlying vesicle production, we found that differential expression of genes encoding proteins related to the cytoplasmic membrane and peptidoglycan correlate with the abundance of membrane vesicles. Proteomic characterizations of the vesicle cargo identified a variety of proteins, including those predicted to influence host interactions or host immune responses. Cell culture studies of gingival epithelial cells demonstrated that both crude and highly purified membrane vesicles could induce the expression of IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, and Gro-α within 6 hours of inoculation at levels comparable to whole cells. Our findings suggest that production of membrane vesicles by S. sanguinis is heavily influenced by community and environmental factors and plays an important role in communication with host cells.
PDE4DIP contributes to colorectal cancer growth and chemoresistance through modulation of the NF1/RAS signaling axis
Authors: Pan Rulu , Dai Juji , Liang Weicheng , Wang Hongxiao , Ye Lin , Ye Siqi , Lin Ziqi , Huang Shishun , Xiong Yan , Zhang Li , Lu Liting , Wang Ouchen , Shen Xian , Liao Wanqin , Lu Xincheng
Published: June 2023

Phosphodiesterase 4D interacting protein (PDE4DIP) is a centrosome/Golgi protein associated with cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. PDE4DIP is commonly mutated in human cancers, and its alteration in mice leads to a predisposition to intestinal cancer. However, the biological function of PDE4DIP in human cancer remains obscure. Here, we report for the first time the oncogenic role of PDE4DIP in colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and adaptive MEK inhibitor (MEKi) resistance. We show that the expression of PDE4DIP is upregulated in CRC tissues and associated with the clinical characteristics and poor prognosis of CRC patients. Knockdown of PDE4DIP impairs the growth of KRAS-mutant CRC cells by inhibiting the core RAS signaling pathway. PDE4DIP plays an essential role in the full activation of oncogenic RAS/ERK signaling by suppressing the expression of the RAS GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) neurofibromin (NF1). Mechanistically, PDE4DIP promotes the recruitment of PLCγ/PKCε to the Golgi apparatus, leading to constitutive activation of PKCε, which triggers the degradation of NF1. Upregulation of PDE4DIP results in adaptive MEKi resistance in KRAS-mutant CRC by reactivating the RAS/ERK pathway. Our work reveals a novel functional link between PDE4DIP and NF1/RAS signal transduction and suggests that targeting PDE4DIP is a promising therapeutic strategy for KRAS-mutant CRC.
The FGF21 analog pegozafermin in severe hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized phase 2 trial
Authors: Bhatt Deepak L. , Bays Harold E. , Miller Michael , Cain James E. , Wasilewska Katarzyna , Andrawis Nabil S. , Parli Teresa , Feng Shibao , Sterling Lulu , Tseng Leo , Hartsfield Cynthia L. , Agollah Germaine D. , Mansbach Hank , Kastelein John J. P. ,   ENTRIGUE Principal Investigators
Published: June 2023

Pegozafermin, a long-acting glycopegylated analog of human fibroblast growth factor 21, is in development for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Here we report the results of a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, five-arm trial testing pegozafermin at four different doses (n = 67; 52 male) versus placebo (n = 18; 12 male) for 8 weeks in patients with SHTG (triglycerides (TGs), ≥500 mg dl−1 and ≤2,000 mg dl−1). Treated patients showed a significant reduction in median TGs for the pooled pegozafermin group versus placebo (57.3% versus 11.9%, difference versus placebo −43.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI): −57.1%, −30.3%; P < 0.001), meeting the primary endpoint of the trial. Reductions in median TGs ranged from 36.4% to 63.4% across all treatment arms and were consistent regardless of background lipid-lowering therapy. Results for secondary endpoints included significant decreases in mean apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (−10.5% and −18.3% for pooled doses compared to 1.1% and −0.6% for placebo (95% CI: −21.5%, −2.0%; P = 0.019 and 95% CI: −30.7%, −5.1%; P = 0.007, respectively), as well as a significant decrease in liver fat fraction for pooled treatment (n = 17) versus placebo (n = 6; −42.2% pooled pegozafermin, −8.3% placebo; 95% CI: −60.9%, −8.7%; P = 0.012), as assessed in a magnetic resonance imaging sub-study. No serious adverse events were observed to be related to the study drug. If these results are confirmed in a phase 3 trial, pegozafermin could be a promising treatment for SHTG (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT0441186).
Change in brain asymmetry reflects level of acute alcohol intoxication and impacts on inhibitory control
Authors: Dubois Julien , Field Ryan M. , Jawhar Sami , Jewison Austin , Koch Erin M. , M. Aghajan Zahra , Miller Naomi , Perdue Katherine L. , Taylor Moriah
Published: June 2023

Alcohol is one of the most commonly used substances and frequently abused, yet little is known about the neural underpinnings driving variability in inhibitory control performance after ingesting alcohol. This study was a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design with participants (N = 48 healthy, social drinkers) completing three study visits. At each visit participants received one of three alcohol doses; namely, a placebo dose [equivalent Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) = 0.00%], a low dose of alcohol (target BAC = 0.04%), or a moderate dose of alcohol (target BAC = 0.08%). To measure inhibitory control, participants completed a Go/No-go task paradigm twice during each study visit, once immediately before dosing and once after, while their brain activity was measured with time-domain functional near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-fNIRS). BAC and subjective effects of alcohol were also assessed. We report decreased behavioral performance for the moderate dose of alcohol, but not the low or placebo doses. We observed right lateralized inhibitory prefrontal activity during go-no-go blocks, consistent with prior literature. Using standard and novel metrics of lateralization, we were able to significantly differentiate between all doses. Lastly, we demonstrate that these metrics are not only related to behavioral performance during inhibitory control, but also provide complementary information to the legal gold standard of intoxication (i.e. BAC).
Microbial fertilizer regulates C:N:P stoichiometry and alleviates phosphorus limitation in flue-cured tobacco planting soil
Authors: Feng Junna , Chen Lulu , Xia Tiyuan , Ruan Yanan , Sun Xiaolu , Wu Tian , Zhong Yu , Shao Xiaodong , Tang Zuoxin
Published: June 2023

Fertilization can be optimized and managed during the flue-cured tobacco growing period by studying the response of soil and microbial biomass stoichiometric characteristics to fertilization. In this study, we investigated the effect of compound fertilizers combined with microbial fertilizer treatments on the stoichiometric characteristics of the rhizosphere soil and the limitations of microbial resources during the flue-cured tobacco growing period. The results indicated that soil and microbial C:N:P varied greatly with the growing period. The effect of sampling time was usually greater than that of fertilization treatment, and microbial C:N:P did not vary with the soil resource stoichiometric ratio. The microbial metabolism of the tobacco-growing soil was limited by phosphorus after extending the growing period, and phosphorus limitation gradually increased from the root extension to the maturation periods but decreased at harvest. The rhizosphere soil microbial nitrogen and phosphorus limitations were mainly affected by soil water content, soil pH, microbial biomass carbon, and the ratio of microbial biomass carbon to microbial biomass phosphorus. Applying microbial fertilizer reduced phosphorus limitation. Therefore, applying microbial fertilizer regulated the limitation of microbial resources by affecting the soil and microbial biomass C:N:P in flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soils.
Cascade of diabetes care in Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal: identifying gaps in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and control continuum
Authors: Islam Md Tauhidul , Bruce Mieghan , Alam Khurshid
Published: June 2023

Diabetes has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in South Asia. Using the data from the three STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS) surveys conducted in Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal during 2018–2019, this study tried to quantify the gaps in diabetes screening, awareness, treatment, and control in these three South Asian countries. Diabetes care cascade was constructed by decomposing the population with diabetes (diabetes prevalence) in each country into five mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories: (1) unscreened and undiagnosed, (2) screened but undiagnosed, (3) diagnosed but untreated, (4) treated but uncontrolled, (5) treated and controlled. In Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Nepal, among the participants with diabetes, 14.7%, 35.7%, and 4.9% of the participants were treated and controlled, suggesting that 85.3%, 64.3%, and 95.1% of the diabetic population had unmet need for care, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore factors associated with awareness of the diabetes diagnosis. Common influencing factors for awareness of the diabetes diagnosis for Bangladesh and Nepal were living in urban areas [Bangladesh-adjusted odd ratio (AOR):2.1; confidence interval (CI):1.2, 3.6, Nepal-AOR:6.2; CI:1.9, 19.9].
Hearing as adaptive cascaded envelope interpolation
Authors: Thoret Etienne , Ystad Sølvi , Kronland-Martinet Richard
Published: June 2023

The human auditory system is designed to capture and encode sounds from our surroundings and conspecifics. However, the precise mechanisms by which it adaptively extracts the most important spectro-temporal information from sounds are still not fully understood. Previous auditory models have explained sound encoding at the cochlear level using static filter banks, but this vision is incompatible with the nonlinear and adaptive properties of the auditory system. Here we propose an approach that considers the cochlear processes as envelope interpolations inspired by cochlear physiology. It unifies linear and nonlinear adaptive behaviors into a single comprehensive framework that provides a data-driven understanding of auditory coding. It allows simulating a broad range of psychophysical phenomena from virtual pitches and combination tones to consonance and dissonance of harmonic sounds. It further predicts the properties of the cochlear filters such as frequency selectivity. Here we propose a possible link between the parameters of the model and the density of hair cells on the basilar membrane. Cascaded Envelope Interpolation may lead to improvements in sound processing for hearing aids by providing a non-linear, data-driven, way to preprocessing of acoustic signals consistent with peripheral processes.
Alloy corrosion and passivation spanning composition space
Authors: Ferris Camille , Golio Nicholas , Martinez Herve , Gellman Andrew J.
Published: June 2023

Composition spread alloy film enables corrosion mapping in AlxNiyFe1−x−y.
Crystal structure prediction of CL-20 polymorphs using a tailor-made polarizable force field
Authors: Ma Yiding , Cao Yilin , Yu Tao , Zhang Zhixiang , Lai Weipeng , Chen Chao , Wen Linyuan , Liu Yingzhe
Published: June 2023

We proposed a crystal structure prediction strategy based on a tailor-made polarizable force field and an evolutionary algorithm, showing good accuracy and efficiency in the prediction of three CL-20 polymorphs.
Preparation of one-dimensional coordination polymers of a flexible tripyridyl disulfide with diverse topologies
Authors: Lee Hyeong-Hwan , Oh Jihye , Lee Shim Sung , Park In-Hyeok
Published: June 2023

The combination of a novel flexible tripyridyl disulfide (L) and coinage metal (CuII and AgI) salts yields diverse types of one-dimensional coordination polymers exhibiting loop chain, ribbon, and ladder topologies.
Adsorption mechanism of different toxic gases onto pristine BNC2 and Al-doped BNC2 monolayers
Authors: Chalase Poonam , Deshpande Swapnil , Kumavat Sandip , Deshpande Mrinalini
Published: June 2023

Graphene-based ternary BNC materials have been widely explored for the fabrication of gas sensors because of their various two-dimensional conjugated structures, high conductivity and large specific surface areas.
OH-initiated oxidation of vinyl butyrate: ab initio insights
Authors: Nguyen Loc T. , Tran Uyen N.-P. , Mai Tam V.-T. , Nguyen Trang T. , Huynh Lam K.
Published: June 2023

Atmospheric transformation of vinyl butyrate and its oxidation products are meticulously investigated using quantum chemistry calculations and detailed kinetic modeling.
Rearrangement of a Ge(ii) aryloxide to yield a new Ge(ii) oxo-cluster [Ge6(μ3-O)4(μ2-OC6H2-2,4,6-Cy3)4](NH3)0.5: main group aryloxides of Ge(ii), Sn(ii), and Pb(ii) [M(OC6H2-2,4,6-Cy3)2]2 (Cy = cyclohexyl)
Authors: McLoughlin Connor P. , Kaseman Derrick C. , Fettinger James C. , Power Philip P.
Published: June 2023

Spontaneous Ge6O8 cluster formation under ambient conditions using dispersion enhanced aryloxo ligands.
Palmitic acid/expanded graphite/CuS composite phase change materials toward efficient thermal storage and photothermal conversion
Authors: Huo Ying-Jie , Yan Ting , Li Zhi-Hui , Li Shu-Yao , Pan Wei-Guo
Published: June 2023

The maximum thermal conductivity of PA/EG/CuS is 0.372 W m−1 K−1, the maximum phase change enthalpy is 247.2 kJ kg−1, and the maximum photothermal conversion efficiency is 81.4%.
Efficient interfacial electron transfer induced by hollow-structured ZnIn2S4 for extending hot electron lifetimes
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Sun Jiaming , Tang Yuan , Jia Xiaofang , Nie Yu , Geng Zikang , Wang Chunyang , Zhang Junying , Tan Xin , Zhong Dichang , Ye Jinhua , Yu Tao
Published: June 2023

The prolonged hot electron lifetimes induced by hollow-structured ZnIn2S4 for boosting the kinetics of hot electron driven photocatalytic reactions.
Susceptibility of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses to ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) irradiation and implications for virus inactivation mechanisms
Authors: Duc Canh Vu , Yasui Midori , Torii Shotaro , Oguma Kumiko , Katayama Hiroyuki
Published: June 2023

UV-LED treatment at 265 nm was more efficient than UV-LED treatment at 280 nm in inactivating both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Capsid damage is not important in virus inactivation by UV-LEDs for both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
CeO2 supported high-valence Fe oxide for highly active and stable water oxidation
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Yu Jun , Lin Jinghuang , Feng Bin , Sun Mingzi , Qiu Chen , Qian Kun , Si Zhichun , Huang Bolong , Delaunay Jean-Jacques , Ikuhara Yuichi , Yang Shihe
Published: June 2023

The high-valence Fe ions are stabilized on a CeO2 support and achieved a record low overpotential of 219 mV to reach the current density of 50 mA cm−2.
A first-principles machine-learning force field for heterogeneous ice nucleation on microcline feldspar
Authors: Piaggi Pablo M. , Selloni Annabella , Panagiotopoulos Athanassios Z. , Car Roberto , Debenedetti Pablo G.
Published: June 2023

A machine-learning force field paves the way for the simulation of heterogeneous ice nucleation on microcline from first principles.
Ex-ante life cycle assessment of polyols using carbon captured from industrial process gas
Authors: Tsoy Natalya , Steubing Bernhard , Guinée Jeroen B.
Published: June 2023

This study presents an ex-ante life cycle assessment of a carbon capture and utilization technology that converts carbon emissions from the blast furnace gas of a steel mill to valuable intermediates for the production of polyols.
Energy crisis in Europe enhances the sustainability of green chemicals
Authors: Nabera Abhinandan , Istrate Ioan-Robert , Martín Antonio José , Pérez-Ramírez Javier , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo
Published: June 2023

Europe's energy crisis has made green routes for ammonia and methanol synthesis economically competitive. This presents an opportunity for Europe to lead the grand transition towards a sustainable chemical industry.
Coexistence of ferromagnetism and charge density waves in monolayer LaBr2
Authors: Zhou Jun , Wang Zishen , Wang Shijie , Feng Yuan Ping , Yang Ming , Shen Lei
Published: June 2023

Charge density waves (CDWs) and ferromagnetism are usually mutually exclusive. We report the coexistence of them in a monolayer electride.
One-step electrodeposition preparation of NiCoSe2@carbon cloth as a flexible supercapacitor electrode material
Authors: Jiang Yi , Cai Bin , Xu Ruixiang , Gu Hao , Qi Xin , Xu Zhenjun , Xu Jing , Liu Guosong
Published: June 2023

Regular nanoarrays are ideal structures for supercapacitors; however, they often require multiple operations during their preparation.
Electrochemical water oxidation using a stable water-soluble mononuclear manganese clathrochelate
Authors: Zheng Shenke , Liang Xiangming , Dai Chang , Yang Xueli , Li Ziyang , Lai Yilong , Hong Li , Lin Junqi
Published: June 2023

A mononuclear manganese clathrochelate complex [MnIV(L-6H)]2− is found to be an efficient homogeneous water oxidation catalyst under near neutral conditions. Oxygen evolution occurs at a low onset overpotential of only 540 mV.
Graphitic carbon nitride with Cu2+ and triazole group co-doping for enhanced peroxidase-like activity and its application for glutathione detection
Authors: Liu Xiaotao , Zheng Xueyi , Xia Chunqiu , Guo Liangqia
Published: June 2023

A co-doping strategy is proposed to enhance the peroxidase-like activity of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4).
A high‐capacity and nonvolatile spintronic associative memory hardware accelerator
Authors: Rezaei Mahan , Amirany Abdolah , Moaiyeri Mohammad Hossein , Jafari Kian
Published: June 2023

Significant progress has been made in manufacturing emerging technologies in recent years. This progress implemented in‐memory‐computing and neural networks, one of today's hottest research topics. Over time, the need to process complex tasks has increased. This need causes the emergence of intelligent processors. A nonvolatile associative memory based on spintronic synapses utilising magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and carbon nanotube field‐effect transistors (CNTFET)‐based neurons is proposed. The proposed design uses the MTJ device because of its fascinating features, such as reliable reconfiguration and nonvolatility. At the same time, CNTFET has overcome conventional complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor shortcomings like the short channel effect, drain‐induced barrier lowering, and poor hole mobility. The proposed design is simulated in the presence of process variations. The proposed design aims to increase the number of weights generated in the synapse for higher memory capacity and accuracy. The effect of different tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) values (100%, 200%, and 300%) on the performance and accuracy of the proposed design has also been investigated. This investigation shows that the proposed design performs well even with a low TMR value, which is very important and remarkable from the fabrication point of view.
Geographic information system‐based prediction of solar power plant production using deep neural networks
Authors: Mokarram Marzieh , Aghaei Jamshid , Mokarram Mohammad Jafar , Mendes Gonçalo Pinto , Mohammadi‐Ivatloo Behnam
Published: June 2023

The study aims to predict solar energy generation to ensure the successful operation of solar power plants. This objective is crucial in light of the increasing energy demand, global warming concerns, and greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve this, the study employs multiple linear regression and feature selection techniques to calculate energy generation. Additionally, long short‐term memory (LSTM) is used to predict energy generation levels based on climate conditions. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of energy generation is analyzed using inverse distance weighting. The results of the study reveal that temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and vapor pressure deficit are the most significant parameters for predicting energy generation. The LSTM method proves to be highly accurate in predicting fluctuating energy generation patterns. Notably, the southern regions of the study area exhibit a greater potential for energy generation compared to the northern regions. Approximately 30% of the region generates over 1400 kWh, with the southern areas, characterized by hot and dry climates, producing around 1500 kWh, while the northern regions, with cold and humid climates, generate approximately 1100 kWh.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Homogenisation of stellar parameters and elemental abundances
Authors: Hourihane A. , François P. , Worley C. C. , Magrini L. , Gonneau A. , Casey A. R. , Gilmore G. , Randich S. , Sacco G. G. , Recio-Blanco A. , Korn A. J. , Allende Prieto C. , Smiljanic R. , Blomme R. , Bragaglia A. , Walton N. A. , Van Eck S. , Bensby T. , Lanzafame A. , Frasca A. , Franciosini E. , Damiani F. , Lind K. , Bergemann M. , Bonifacio P. , Hill V. , Lobel A. , Montes D. , Feuillet D. K. , Tautvaišienė G. , Guiglion G. , Tabernero H. M. , González Hernández J. I. , Gebran M. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Mikolaitis Š. , Daflon S. , Merle T. , Morel T. , Lewis J. R. , González Solares E. A. , Murphy D. N. A. , Jeffries R. D. , Jackson R. J. , Feltzing S. , Prusti T. , Carraro G. , Biazzo K. , Prisinzano L. , Jofré P. , Zaggia S. , Drazdauskas A. , Stonkuté E. , Marfil E. , Jiménez-Esteban F. , Mahy L. , Gutiérrez Albarrán M. L. , Berlanas S. R. , Santos W. , Morbidelli L. , Spina L. , Minkevičiūtė R.
Published: June 2023

The Gaia-ESO Survey is a public spectroscopic survey that targeted ≳105 stars covering all major components of the Milky Way from the end of 2011 to 2018, delivering its final public release in May 2022. Unlike other spectroscopic surveys, Gaia-ESO is the only survey that observed stars across all spectral types with dedicated, specialised analyses: from O (Teff ~ 30 000–52 000 K) all the way to K-M (≳3500 K). The physics throughout these stellar regimes varies significantly, which has previously prohibited any detailed comparisons between stars of significantly different types. In the final data release (internal data release 6) of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we provide the final database containing a large number of products, such as radial velocities, stellar parameters and elemental abundances, rotational velocity, and also, for example, activity and accretion indicators in young stars and membership probability in star clusters for more than 114 000 stars. The spectral analysis is coordinated by a number of working groups (WGs) within the survey, each specialised in one or more of the various stellar samples. Common targets are analysed across WGs to allow for comparisons (and calibrations) amongst instrumental setups and spectral types. Here we describe the procedures employed to ensure all survey results are placed on a common scale in order to arrive at a single set of recommended results for use by all survey collaborators. We also present some general quality and consistency checks performed on the entirety of the survey results.
Ionized gas kinematics and chemical abundances of low-mass star-forming galaxies at z  ∼  3
Authors: Llerena M. , Amorín R. , Pentericci L. , Calabrò A. , Shapley A. E. , Boutsia K. , Pérez-Montero E. , Vílchez J. M. , Nakajima K.
Published: June 2023

Context. Feedback from massive stars plays a crucial role in regulating the growth of young star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and in shaping their interstellar medium (ISM). This feedback contributes to the removal and mixing of metals via galactic outflows and to the clearance of neutral gas, which facilitates the escape of ionizing photons.

Aims. Our goal is to study the impact of stellar feedback on the chemical abundances of the ISM in a sample of SFGs with strong emission lines at z ∼ 3.

Methods. We selected 35 low-mass SFGs (7.9 < log(M⋆/M⊙) < 10.3) from deep spectroscopic surveys based on their CIII]λ1908 emission. We used new follow-up near-infrared (NIR) observations to examine their rest-optical emission lines and to identify ionized outflow signatures through broad emission line wings detected after Gaussian modeling of [OIII]λλ4959,5007 profiles. We characterized the gas-phase metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) abundance of the galaxies using a Te-based method via the OIII]λ1666/[OIII]λ5007 ratio and photoionization models.

Results. We find line ratios and rest-frame equivalent widths (EWs) characteristic of high-ionization conditions powered by massive stars. Our sample displays a mean rest-frame EW([OIII]λ5007) of ∼560 Å, while about 15% of the SFGs show EW([OIII]λλ4959,5007)  >  1000 Å and EW(CIII])  >  5 Å, closely resembling those now seen in epoch of reionization (EoR) galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope. We find high Te values, which imply low gas-phase metallicities 12+log(O/H) ∼ 7.5–8.5 (mean of 17% solar) and C/O abundances from 23% to 128% solar, with no apparent increasing trend with metallicity. Our sample follows the mass-metallicity relation at z ∼ 3, with some galaxies showing lower gas-phase metallicities. This results in significant deviations from the fundamental metallicity relation. From our [OIII]λλ4959,5007 line profile modeling, we find that 65% of our sample shows an outflow component, which is found both blue- or redshifted relative to the ionized gas systemic velocity, and the mean maximum velocities are vmax ∼ 280 km s−1. We find a weak correlation between vmax and the star formation rate surface density (ΣSFR) of vmax = (2.41 ± 0.03) × ΣSFR(0.06 ± 0.03). Moreover, we find that the mass-loading factor μ of our galaxy sample is typically lower than in more massive galaxies from the literature, but it is higher than in typical local dwarf galaxies. In the stellar mass range covered by our sample, we find that μ increases with ΣSFR. This suggests that for a given stellar mass, denser starbursts in low-mass galaxies produce stronger outflows. Our results complement the picture drawn by similar studies at lower redshift, suggesting that the removal of ionized gas in low-mass SFGs driven by stellar feedback is regulated by their stellar mass and by the strength and concentration of their star formation, that is, ΣSFR.
Role of Gene Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Review Article
Authors: Singh Himanshu , Kumar Magesh , Kanungo Himanshu
Published: June 2023

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an immensely heterogeneous disease characterized by the clonal growth of promyelocytes or myeloblasts in bone marrow as well as in peripheral blood or tissue.

Enhancement in the knowledge of the molecular biology of cancer and recognition of intermittent mutations in AML contribute to favorable circumstances to establish targeted therapies and enhance the clinical outcome. There is high interest in the development of therapies that target definitive abnormalities in AML while eradicating leukemia-initiating cells. In recent years, there has been a better knowledge of the molecular abnormalities that lead to the progression of AML, and the application of new methods in molecular biology techniques has increased that facilitating the advancement of investigational drugs.

In this review, literature or information on various gene mutations for AML is discussed. English language articles were scrutinized in plentiful directories or databases like PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The important keywords used for searching databases is “Acute myeloid leukemia”, “Gene mutation in Acute myeloid leukemia”, “Genetic alteration in Acute myeloid leukemia,” and “Genetic abnormalities in Acute myeloid leukemia.”
Modeling the dynamic behavior of manipulator joint based on giant magnetostrictive material
Authors: Gong Cheng , Kou Yong , Jin Ke
Published: June 2023

The existing space manipulator joints with permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have many deficiencies, such as large size, low output torque, and long settling time. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of space manipulators with smart giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) joints is studied. A nonlinear dynamic model considering the magneto–thermal–mechanical coupling for the manipulator is established, and an experiment is conducted to evaluate the performance of the GMM joint. After verifying the accuracy and availability of the model, we find that comparing with the PMSM joint, manipulators with the GMM joint have better performance, which has large output torque, fast settling time, and wide temperature adaptation range. These essential investigations will be of significant benefit to the applications in space manipulators.
Quint points lattice and multistability in a damped-driven curved carbon nanotube oscillator model
Authors: Manchein Cesar , Fusinato Bianca , Chagas Hugne S. , Albuquerque Holokx A.
Published: June 2023

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) can undergo arbitrarily large nonlinear deformations without permanent damage to the atomic structure and mechanical properties. The dynamic response observed in curved SWCNTs under externally driven forces has fundamental implications in science and technology. Therefore, it is interesting to study the nonlinear dynamics of a damped-driven curved SWCNT oscillator model if two control parameters are varied simultaneously, e.g., the external driven strength and damping parameters. For this purpose, we construct high-resolution two-dimensional stability diagrams and, unexpectedly, we identify (i) the existence of a quint points lattice merged in a domain of periodic dynamics, (ii) the coexistence of different stable states for the same parameter combinations and different initial conditions (multistability), and (iii) the existence of infinite self-organized generic stable periodic structures (SPSs) merged into chaotic dynamics domains. The quint points lattice found here is composed of five distinct stability domains that coalesce and are associated with five different periodic attractors. The multistability is characterized by the coexistence of three different multi-attractors combinations for three exemplary parameter sets: two periodic attractors, two chaotic attractors, or one periodic and one chaotic attractor. This study demonstrates how complex the dynamics of a damped-driven curved SWCNT oscillator model can be when parameters and initial conditions are varied. For this reason, it may have a relevant impact on new theoretical and experimental applications of damped-driven curved SWCNTs.
Invasion and interaction determine population composition in an open evolving ecological system
Authors: Park Youngjai , Shimada Takashi , Son Seung-Woo , Park Hye Jin
Published: June 2023

It is well-known that interactions between species determine the population composition in an ecosystem. Conventional studies have focused on fixed population structures to reveal how interactions shape population compositions. However, interaction structures are not fixed but change over time due to invasions. Thus, invasion and interaction play an important role in shaping communities. Despite its importance, however, the interplay between invasion and interaction has not been well explored. Here, we investigate how invasion affects the population composition with interactions in open evolving ecological systems considering generalized Lotka–Volterra-type dynamics. Our results show that the system has two distinct regimes. One is characterized by low diversity with abrupt changes of dominant species in time, appearing when the interaction between species is strong and invasion slowly occurs. On the other hand, frequent invasions can induce higher diversity with slow changes in abundances despite strong interactions. It is because invasion happens before the system reaches its equilibrium, which drags the system from its equilibrium all the time. All species have similar abundances in this regime, which implies that fast invasion induces regime shift. Therefore, whether invasion or interaction dominates determines the population composition.
Low-damage electron beam lithography for nanostructures on Bi2Te3-class topological insulator thin films
Authors: Andersen Molly P. , Rodenbach Linsey K. , Rosen Ilan T. , Lin Stanley C. , Pan Lei , Zhang Peng , Tai Lixuan , Wang Kang L. , Kastner Marc A. , Goldhaber-Gordon David
Published: June 2023

Nanostructured topological insulators (TIs) have the potential to impact a wide array of condensed matter physics topics, ranging from Majorana physics to spintronics. However, the most common TI materials, the Bi2Se3 family, are easily damaged during nanofabrication of devices. In this paper, we show that electron beam lithography performed with a 30 or 50 kV accelerating voltage—common for nanopatterning in academic facilities—damages both nonmagnetic TIs and their magnetically doped counterparts at unacceptable levels. We additionally demonstrate that electron beam lithography with a 10 kV accelerating voltage produces minimal damage detectable through low-temperature electronic transport. Although reduced accelerating voltages present challenges in creating fine features, we show that with careful choice of processing parameters, particularly the resist, 100 nm features are reliably achievable.
Probing modified plasma waves in non-linear electrodynamics
Authors: Ospedal Leonardo P. R. , Haas Fernando
Published: June 2023

Properties of modified plasma waves in non-linear electrodynamics are investigated. We consider a cold, uniform, collisionless, and magnetized plasma model. Initially, we also assume small amplitude waves and the non-relativistic approximation. For electrostatic waves, we obtain a modified Trivelpiece–Gould dispersion relation with a suitable change in the plasma frequency and analyze the stability of modes. Furthermore, electromagnetic waves related to the generalized Appleton–Hartree equation are established. In this case, we discuss modifications in circularly polarized waves and ordinary and extraordinary modes. After that, we apply our results to particular cases of low-energy quantum electrodynamics and a generalized Born–Infeld model. The correspondent dispersion relations and effects on the propagation regions are determined. Finally, we include the relativistic and large amplitude effects for circularly polarized waves. We obtain the dispersion relation within effective non-linear electrodynamics and examine the behavior of the refractive index when the frequency of the propagating wave converges to the plasma frequency.
Effect of non-local transport of hot electrons on the laser-target ablation
Authors: Chen Z. H. , Yang X. H. , Zhang G. B. , Ma Y. Y. , Xu H. , Luan S. X. , Zhang J.
Published: June 2023

The non-local heat transport of hot electrons during high-intensity laser interaction with plasmas can preheat the fuel and limit the heat flow in inertial confinement fusion. It increases the entropy of the fuel and decreases the final compression. In this paper, the non-local electron transport model that is based on the improved Schurtz–Nicolaï–Busquet (SNB) algorithm has been embedded into the radiation hydrodynamic code and is benchmarked with two classical non-local transport cases. Then, we studied a 2ω laser ablating a CH target by using the non-local module. It is found that the non-local effect becomes significant when the laser intensity is above 1×1014W/cm2. The mass ablation rate from the SNB model is increased compared to that of the flux-limited model due to the lower coronal plasma temperature. This non-local model has a better agreement with the experimental results compared to that of the flux-limited model. The non-local transport is strongly dependent on the laser frequency, and the thresholds that the non-local transport should be considered are obtained for lasers of different frequencies. The appropriate flux-limiters that should be employed in the flux-limited model for different lasers are also presented. The results here should have a good reference for the laser-target ablation applications.
Unitary maps on Hamiltonians of an electron moving in a plane and coherent state construction
Authors: Aremua Isiaka , Gouba Laure
Published: June 2023

In this work, we consider a model of an electron moving in a plane under uniform external magnetic and electric fields. We investigate the action of unitary maps on the associated quantum Hamiltonians and construct coherent states of Gazeau–Klauder type.
A review on the application of machine learning in production of woody biomass from natural and planted forests
Authors: Peng Wei , Karimi Sadaghiani Omid
Published: June 2023

The forest is considered as a significant source of woody biomass production. Sustainable production of wood, lower emittance of CO2 from burning, and lower amount of sulfur and heavy metals are the advantages of woods rather than fossil fuels. The utilization of biomass, as an energy resource, is required four main steps of production, pretreatment, bio-refinery, and upgrading. This work reviews Machine Learning applications in the production of the woody biomass raw material in forests because investigating numerous related works concluded that there is a considerable reviewing gap in analyzing and collecting the applications of Machine Learning in the woody biomass. To fill this gap in the current work, the origin of woods is explained and the application of Machine Learning in this section is scrutinized. Then, the multidisciplinary enhancement approaches in the production of plants as well as the role of Machine Learning in each of them are reviewed. Meanwhile, the role of natural and planted forests in the production of woody biomass is explained and the application of Machine Learning in these areas is surveyed. Summarily, after analysis of numerous papers, it is concluded that Machine Learning and Deep Learning is widely utilized in the production of woody biomass to enhance the wood production quantity and quality, improve the predictions, enhance the harvesting techniques, and diminish the losses.
Effect of sneeze flow velocity profiles on the respiratory droplets dispersion in a confined space: An experimental and computational fluid dynamics study
Authors: Bahramian Alireza , Ahmadi Goodarz
Published: June 2023

In this study, the effects of sneeze velocity profiles, including peak velocity (PV), peak velocity time (PVT), and sneeze duration time (SDT), on the dispersion of respiratory droplets were studied experimentally and numerically. Spatial–temporal datasets of droplet velocity exhaled from several subjects' mouths with different physiological characteristics were obtained by particle image velocimetry. A direct relationship was found between the forced vital capacity and PV, while the subject's body mass index significantly affected the SDT. A transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach using the renormalization group k–ε turbulence model in conjunction with the Lagrangian particle tracking was developed and used to simulate sneeze droplet motion characteristics. Both one-way and two-way (humidity) coupling models were used in these simulations. The CFD results showed that the two-way (humidity) coupling model provided better agreement with the data in the turbulent and expanded puff zones than the one-way coupling model. The one-way model led to reasonably accurate results in the fully dispersed and dilute-dispersed droplet phases. The effect of injection duration time and injection angle on PVT was larger than that on PV values, while the effect of initial injection velocity on PV was higher than that on PVT values. In addition, the initial injection velocity and angle significantly affected the maximum spreading distance of droplets dmax,sp. The numerical results obtained from the dilute-dispersed droplet phase were in good agreement with the trajectories of isolated droplets in the experimental data. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the effect of sneeze velocity profiles on dmax,sp, and the sneezer subject physiological effect on the threshold distance for the transmission of respiratory pathogens in a confined space.
Effective quantum electrodynamics: One-dimensional model of the relativistic hydrogen-like atom
Authors: Audinet Timothée , Toulouse Julien
Published: June 2023

We consider a one-dimensional effective quantum electrodynamics (QED) model of the relativistic hydrogen-like atom using delta-potential interactions. We discuss the general exact theory and the Hartree–Fock approximation. The present one-dimensional effective QED model shares the essential physical feature of the three-dimensional theory: the nuclear charge polarizes the vacuum state (creation of electron–positron pairs), which results in a QED Lamb-type shift of the bound-state energy. Yet, this 1D effective QED model eliminates some of the most serious technical difficulties of the three-dimensional theory coming from renormalization. We show how to calculate the vacuum-polarization density at zeroth order in the two-particle interaction and the QED Lamb-type shift of the bound-state energy at first order in the two-particle interaction. The present work may be considered a step toward the development of a quantum-chemistry effective QED theory of atoms and molecules.
Analyzing single and multicomponent supercritical jets using volume-based and mass-based numerical approaches
Authors: Rahantamialisoa F. N. Z. , Madana Gopal J. V. , Tretola G. , Sahranavardfard N. , Vogiatzaki K. , Battistoni M.
Published: June 2023

The injections of cryogenic and non-cryogenic fluids in a supercritical environment, respectively, liquid N2 into gaseous N2 and n-dodecane into gaseous N2, are investigated. The two systems are analyzed under dynamic and thermal similarity (same reduced temperatures, reduced pressures, and Reynolds numbers) using the same simplified two-dimensional configuration for the totality of the simulations. This work contributes to provide insight into the interpretation of numerical studies on single- and multicomponent systems under supercritical conditions. A comprehensive comparison of the results obtained from two numerical approaches, based on the volume of fluid and on the homogeneous mixture assumption, making use of two distinct thermophysical and mixing rule frameworks, is presented. Results show very similar and consistent fluid mechanics and mass diffusion processes predicted by the two approaches, but different thermal behaviors for binary-species configurations. The two different mixing models are found to have the greatest impact on the temperature predictions. Also, isobaric–adiabatic mixing, which is obtained with the mass-based homogeneous approach, leads eventually to a larger extension of the predicted two-phase region. Such findings have large implications in energy systems operating at high pressure, where accurate local temperature predictions are crucial.
Validation of a detonation product equation of state for an insensitive high explosive via slab geometry expansion tests
Authors: Anderson Eric K. , Voelkel Stephen J. , Short Mark , Chiquete Carlos , Jackson Scott I.
Published: June 2023

Slab expansion (SLABEX) tests are conducted to validate a process for calibrating the detonation products equation of state (EOS) of a high explosive (HE). The SLABEX tests use rectangular slabs of PBX 9502, a polymer-bonded HE formulation consisting of 95 wt.% 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene bound with Kel F-800, a co-polymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinylidene-fluoride. Three PBX 9502 slab thicknesses are examined, each confined symmetrically by two rectangular copper (Cu) plates approximately one-tenth the thickness of the HE slab. For the duration of each experiment, the detonation flow along the central axis of the PBX 9502 slab remains two-dimensional. The lateral flow velocity component of the outer surfaces of the expanding Cu plates is measured, along with the steady axial detonation speed along the central axis of the SLABEX. Hydrodynamic simulations of the Cu plate expansion in the SLABEX geometry, driven by the energy stored in the detonation products by the detonation combustion event, are conducted using a Jones–Wilkins–Lee EOS for the detonation products. This EOS form was recently parameterized for PBX 9502 in the cylinder expansion test geometry using a newly developed calibration technique [Voelkel et al., Combust. Flame 246, 112373 (2022)]. Good agreement between the experiment and prediction is found in each SLABEX test, demonstrating that the detonation product EOS calibration technique produces EOSs that are predictive when applied to other geometries.
Improved semi-experimental equilibrium structure and high-level theoretical structures of ketene
Authors: Smith Houston H. , Esselman Brian J. , Wood Samuel A. , Stanton John F. , Woods R. Claude , McMahon Robert J.
Published: June 2023

The millimeter-wave rotational spectrum of ketene (H2C=C=O) has been collected and analyzed from 130 to 750 GHz, providing highly precise spectroscopic constants from a sextic, S-reduced Hamiltonian in the Ir representation. The chemical synthesis of deuteriated samples allowed spectroscopic measurements of five previously unstudied ketene isotopologues. Combined with previous work, these data provide a new, highly precise, and accurate semi-experimental (reSE) structure for ketene from 32 independent moments of inertia. This reSE structure was determined with the experimental rotational constants of each available isotopologue, together with computed vibration–rotation interaction and electron-mass distribution corrections from coupled-cluster calculations with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)/cc-pCVTZ]. The 2σ uncertainties of the reSE parameters are ≤0.0007 Å and 0.014° for the bond distances and angle, respectively. Only S-reduced spectroscopic constants were used in the structure determination due to a breakdown in the A-reduction of the Hamiltonian for the highly prolate ketene species. All four reSE structural parameters agree with the “best theoretical estimate” (BTE) values, which are derived from a high-level computed re structure [CCSD(T)/cc-pCV6Z] with corrections for the use of a finite basis set, the incomplete treatment of electron correlation, relativistic effects, and the diagonal Born–Oppenheimer breakdown. In each case, the computed value of the geometric parameter lies within the statistical experimental uncertainty (2σ) of the corresponding semi-experimental coordinate. The discrepancies between the BTE structure and the reSE structure are 0.0003, 0.0000, and 0.0004 Å for rC–C, rC–H, and rC–O, respectively, and 0.009° for θC–C–H.