bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Missing the point: are journals using the ideal number of decimal places?
Authors: Barnett Adrian G
Published: April 2018

Background:The scientific literature is growing in volume and reducing in readability. Poorly presented numbers decrease readability by either fatiguing the reader with too many decimal places, or confusing the reader by not using enough decimal places, and so making it difficult to comprehend differences between numbers. There are guidelines for the ideal number of decimal places, and in this paper I examine how often percents meet these guidelines.

Methods:Percents were extracted from the abstracts of research articles published in 2017 in 23 selected journals. Percents were excluded if they referred to a statistical interval, typically a 95% confidence interval. Counts and percents were calculated for the number of percents using too few or too many decimal places, and these percents were compared between journals.

Results:The sample had over 43,000 percents from around 9,500 abstracts. Only 55% of the percents were presented according to the guidelines. The most common issue was using too many decimal places (33%), rather than too few (12%). There was a wide variation in presentation between journals, with the range of ideal presentation from a low of 53% (JAMA) to a high of 80% (Lancet Planetary Health). 

Conclusions:Many percents did not adhere to the guidelines on using decimal places. Using the recommended number of decimal places would make papers easier to read and reduce the burden on readers, and potentially improve comprehension. It should be possible to provide automated feedback to authors on which numbers could be better presented.
Ethical considerations in Controlled Human Malaria Infection studies in low resource settings: Experiences and perceptions of study participants in a malaria Challenge study in Kenya
Authors: Njue Maureen , Njuguna Patricia , Kapulu Melissa C. , Sanga Gladys , Bejon Philip , Marsh Vicki , Molyneux Sassy , Kamuya Dorcas
Published: April 2018

Background: The range and amount of volunteer infection studies, known as Controlled Human Infection Model (CHMI) studies, in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs) is increasing with rapid technological advancement, world-class laboratory facilities and increasing capacity development initiatives. However, the ethical issues these studies present in LMICs have not been empirically studied. We present findings of a descriptive social science study nested within a malaria volunteer infection study, on-going at the time of writing, at the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) on the Kenyan Coast.

Methods: The study included non-participant observations, five group discussions with more than half of the CHMI study participants, two in-depth interviews with study team members, and an exit questionnaire administered to the participants.

Results: Participants understood the key elements of the study, including that they would be deliberately infected with malaria parasites and may get malaria as a result, there would be regular blood draws, and they would spend up to 24 days in a residence facility away from their homes. The greatest motivation for participation was the monetary compensation of 20 USD per overnight stay given as a lump-sum at the end of their residency stay.  Also appreciated were the health screening tests prior to enrolment and the positive relations with the study team. Concerns raised included the amount and regularity of blood draws experienced, and concerns that this type of research may feed into on-going rumours about research generally.

Conclusion: With the increasing range and number of CHMI studies being conducted in LMICs, current ethical guidance for more than minimal risk studies is inadequate. This study highlights some of the ethical issues that could emerge in these settings, emphasizing the heavy responsibility placed on research review and regulatory systems, researchers and funders, as well as the importance of carefully tailored community engagement and consent processes.
Psychological features of service conflicts in territorial agencies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Коновалов Алексей , Konovalov Aleksey
Published: April 2018

The article attempts to describe the psychological characteristics of service conflicts in the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and also analyzes the results of studying the level of conflictological culture among the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Rebrikhinsky District of the Altai Territory on the basis of the results of studying the social and psychological climate in the team, assessing the management style of the team, characteristics of employees.
Research of public opinion about the effectiveness of anti-corruption in Mongolia and Russia: the socio-pedagogical aspect
Authors: Мальцева Татьяна , Maltseva Tatyana , Содмандах Дэлгэрзаяа , Sodmandah Delgerzayaa
Published: April 2018

Today, the problem of corruption around the world is recognized by multidimensional and multilevel researchers. The article discusses the results of the conducted research of the problems of the conflict of interests settlement as one of the main ways of counteracting corruption in the system of public administration in Russia and in Mongolia. The analysis of the obtained information from the statistical reporting speaks about a stable tendency of growth of corruption criminality. During the survey, the authors interviewed 56 employees of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Mongolia and 28 civil servants of Mongolia, as well as 64 employees of the internal affairs bodies of Russia. In general, various socio-psychological sources testify to the insufficiently effective activity in Mongolia and Russia to counteract corruption.
Environmental Incidents and the Market Value of Firms: An Empirical Investigation in the Chinese Context
Authors: Lo Chris K. Y. , Tang Christopher S. , Zhou Yi , Yeung Andy C. L. , Fan Di
Published: April 2018

We examine firms listed on the Shanghai/Shenzhen Stock Exchange to investigate stock market reactions to 294 Chinese manufacturing firms involved in 618 environmental incidents between 2006 and 2013. Through our event studies, we find empirical evidence of a significantly negative stock market reaction to announcements of environmental incidents. Our empirical analysis reveals that Chinese firms with a higher government share (of ownership) and recognition of social responsibility tend to be less affected by such incidents; however, Chinese firms with stronger personal political ties (i.e., top management teams or board members with concurrent or prior government appointments) are actually affected more when environmental incidents occur. Moreover, environmental incidents caused by Chinese firms can have a significantly negative impact on the market value of their overseas customers.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0680 .
Economic and clinical comparison of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate/polymer mesh tape with skin staples in total knee replacement
Authors: Sutton Nadia , Schmitz Niels-Derrek , Johnston Stephen S.
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To compare economic and clinical outcomes between skin staples and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate plus polymer mesh tape, Dermabond Prineo skin closure system, (SCS) among patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR).

Method:

Retrospective, observational study using the Premier Healthcare Database, which comprises hospital administrative and billing data for over 700 hospitals in the US. Patients selected for study had an elective hospital admission, with discharge occurring between January 2012 and September 2015, carrying primary ICD-9-CM procedure and diagnosis codes for TKR and osteoarthritis. Patients were classified into two mutually-exclusive groups based on billing records during the index admission: those with billing record(s) for the skin closure system (SCS group); and those with billing record(s) for skin staples (staple group). Primary outcomes were index admission's length of stay (LOS), total hospital costs, and discharge status (skilled nursing facility (SNF)/other versus home/home health-care); exploratory outcomes included operating room time (ORT) during index admission and 30, 60, and 90-day readmissions. The SCS and staple groups were propensity score matched (1:1/nearest neighbour/caliper=0.10) on patient, hospital, and provider characteristics. Multivariable regressions accounting for hospital-level clustering after matching were used to compare outcomes between study groups.

Results:

Each group comprised 971 patients (1942 total patients; mean age: 65.3 years; female: 63.5%). The groups were generally well-balanced on matching covariates: mean standardised difference calculated across 49 covariates=0.049. Compared with the staple group, the SCS group had statistically significant shorter LOS (2.8 days versus 3.2 days, p=0.002), lower rate of discharge to SNF/other versus home/home health-care (26.4% versus 38.5%, p=0.011), and lower rate of 30, 60, and 90-day readmissions (30-day, 1.8% versus 4.4%, p=0.006; 60-day, 3.0% versus 5.4%, p<0.001; 90-day, 5.4% versus 7.4%, p=0.016). Differences between the groups for other outcomes were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Among patients undergoing TKR, use of the SCS was associated with shorter LOS, less resource intensive discharge status, and lower rates of all-cause readmission as compared with skin staples.
Dermatology prescribing update: Skin infestations
Authors: Onselen Julie Van
Published: April 2018

Skin infestations are very common and often occur in outbreaks in close communities, family groups and nurseries and/or schools. The nurse prescriber needs to be able to distinguish a skin infestation from a chronic skin condition, as pruritus can be a major symptom for both. The skin infestations in this article relate to arthropod infestations, which are commonly seen in the UK. Parasite infestations include many tropical diseases. Therefore, it is important to ask about recent travel abroad in a skin assessment. Management of skin infestations should follow the most recent evidence-based public health advice. Nurse prescribers need to be up-to-date with recommended insecticides, as resistance can occur and first- and second-line options frequently change.
Ordnungen des Nationalen und die geteilte Welt
Authors: Adam Jens
Published: April 2018

Wir leben in einer verflochtenen und dennoch geteilten Welt: Asymmetrien, Grenzziehungen und Politiken der Differenz bringen gleichzeitig die Trennlinien und den gemeinsamen Kontext für globales Zusammenleben hervor. Diese Ambivalenz schlägt sich auch in der deutschen Auswärtigen Kulturpolitik nieder, die sich ursprünglich an den Ordnungen des Nationalen orientiert hat, seit der Jahrtausendwende aber zunehmend auch geopolitische Bruchlinien und Konflikte als ihre Arbeitsfelder begreift. Basierend auf Feldforschungen in Berlin, Ramallah, Sarajevo, Tel Aviv und Jerusalem zeichnet Jens Adam Formierungs- und Übersetzungsprozesse einer neuen Policy nach. Er eröffnet damit Einblicke in translokale Wissens- und Handlungsräume, in denen sich Ordnungen des Nationalen und Potenziale der Kosmopolitisierung kreuzen. Ausgezeichnet mit dem ifa-Forschungspreis Auswärtige Kulturpolitik 2016.
Queere (Un-)Sichtbarkeiten
Authors: Bayramoglu Yener
Published: April 2018

Verhilft die Boulevardpresse queeren Deutungen zur Repräsentation in der dominanzgesellschaftlichen Kultur? Am Beispiel von »Bild« und »Hürriyet« zeigt Yener Bayramoglu, wie boulevardjournalistische Versuche, normabweichende sexuelle Subjekte zu skandalisieren, queere Positionen sichtbar machen. Durch seine historisch-komparative Analyse verliert die oft wiederholte Dichotomie von Okzident und Orient ihre Bedeutung: Während eine Pluralität von queeren Repräsentationen in der »Hürriyet« offen zu beobachten ist, ist der deutsche Kontext von falschen Repräsentationen, verzerrten Stimmen sowie großen Lücken auf Grund von Nicht-Repräsentation gekennzeichnet.
Flamenco Jazz: An Analytical Study
Authors: Manuel Peter
Published: April 2018

pending
Lie algebras of conservation laws of variational partial differential equations
Authors: Fiorani Emanuele , Germani Sandra , Spiro Andrea
Published: April 2018

We establish a version of Noether’s first Theorem according to which the (equivalence classes of) conserved quantities of given Euler–Lagrange equations in several independent variables are in one-to-one correspondence with the (equivalence classes of) vector fields satisfying an appropriate pair of geometric conditions, namely: (a) they preserve the class of vector fields tangent to holonomic submanifolds of a jet space; (b) they leave invariant the action from which the Euler–Lagrange equations are derived, modulo terms identically vanishing along holonomic submanifolds. Such a bijective correspondence Φ͠ between equivalence classes comes from an explicit (non-bijective) linear map Φ from vector fields into conserved differential operators, and not from a map into divergences of conserved operators as it occurs in other proofs of Noether’s Theorem. Where possible, claims are given a coordinate-free formulation and all proofs rely just on basic differential geometric properties of finite-dimensional manifolds.
Four new species of Limonia from the Mediterranean (Diptera: Limoniidae)
Authors: Starý Jaroslav
Published: April 2018

Four new species of Limonia Meigen, 1803 are described, viz. L. hartveldae sp. nov. (Portugal), L. opacipennis sp. nov. (Algeria, Tunisia), L. oosterbroeki sp. nov. (Turkey), and L. enormis sp. nov. (Greece: Crete), and their male terminalia are illustrated.
A simple transformation independent method for outlier definition
Authors: Johansen Martin Berg , Christensen Peter Astrup
Published: April 2018

Background:

Definition and elimination of outliers is a key element for medical laboratories establishing or verifying reference intervals (RIs). Especially as inclusion of just a few outlying observations may seriously affect the determination of the reference limits. Many methods have been developed for definition of outliers. Several of these methods are developed for the normal distribution and often data require transformation before outlier elimination.

Methods:

We have developed a non-parametric transformation independent outlier definition. The new method relies on drawing reproducible histograms. This is done by using defined bin sizes above and below the median. The method is compared to the method recommended by CLSI/IFCC, which uses Box-Cox transformation (BCT) and Tukey’s fences for outlier definition. The comparison is done on eight simulated distributions and an indirect clinical datasets.

Results:

The comparison on simulated distributions shows that without outliers added the recommended method in general defines fewer outliers. However, when outliers are added on one side the proposed method often produces better results. With outliers on both sides the methods are equally good. Furthermore, it is found that the presence of outliers affects the BCT, and subsequently affects the determined limits of current recommended methods. This is especially seen in skewed distributions. The proposed outlier definition reproduced current RI limits on clinical data containing outliers.

Conclusions:

We find our simple transformation independent outlier detection method as good as or better than the currently recommended methods.
Situational Factors of Job Burnout in Polytechnic EGP Teachers: A Diary-Based Case Study in the Chinese Context
Authors: Gong Yanzhi , He Zhouchun
Published: April 2018

Job burnout is a synthetic syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. It has a time-linked and situation-specific nature by developing gradually and fluctuating with changes of environmental contributors. In this study, four related diary entries were analyzed narratively, written by a polytechnic teacher teaching English for General Purposes (EGP) in a semester, to verify the possible work-related situational factors causing job burnout of EGP teachers in the Chinese context. The results revealed ten environmental burnout elements, including overload, severity of students’ problem, lacking supervisors’ support, limited job autonomy, a stern hierarchical organizational system, and opaque operating rules. We interpreted the results in terms of teacher professional development and proposed that enhancing EGP teachers’ professional identity and revaluing the EGP course in polytechnics were the basic ways to mitigate burnout and improve English teachers’ professional development.
The Effect of Learners’ Autonomous Textbook Selection on Intermediate Iranian EFL Learners’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Farrokh Parisa
Published: April 2018

The ability to employ the language as a communicational tool often serves as a measure of one’s speaking success in the language learning class. This research sought to investigate the effect of learners’ autonomous textbook selection on the speaking ability of Iranian English as foreign language (EFL) learners. Moreover, finding and analyzing factors considered by the learners in selecting the textbooks were another aim of this research. Sixty Iranian intermediate EFL learners from the Simin Language Institute in Ramsar, Mazandaran, Iran, were selected as the participants of the study based on their scores on Oxford Placement Test. This test determines the level of the students’ English proficiency. These participants were randomly assigned into the control and experimental groups. An interview procedure was run as their pretest. The experimental group studied from their selected books, besides the researcher’s teaching in the class. After 16 sessions, a posttest, the same as the pretest, was run as well. The quantitative results indicated the superior performance of the experimental group over the control group. Furthermore, an analysis of the Litz’s (2000) questionnaire shows that learners considered criteria such as practical considerations, layout and design, activities, skills, language type, subject and content of the selected books.
New Structure of CCR with an AOANN Threshold
Authors: Rabehi Abdelhalim , Djebbari Ali , Hafaifa Ahmed , Souahlia Abdelkerim , Taleb-Ahmed Abdelmalik
Published: April 2018

In this paper, artificial neural network-based adaptive optimal threshold estimation for a two-dimensional optical code division multiple access conventional correlation receiver is proposed. A multilayer perceptron neural network with back-propagation learning algorithm is considered. This estimator uses the weight (w) and the length (F) of the code word, the number of active users (Ν) and the signal to noise ratio as inputs to estimate the required optimal threshold. We have evaluated the proposed approach on a data set of 46,200 samples. We have found that it gives accurate results: 0.029 for the root mean square error, 0.37% for the relative root mean square error and 99.984% for the correlation coefficient (R), which reflects the efficiency of the proposed optimal threshold estimator.
Influence of sex, body mass index and age on the results of the 2-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test
Authors: Sandner Benjamin , Kratzsch Jürgen
Published: April 2018

Background:

The overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is routinely used in establishing the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome. However, factors such as variable resorption and increased metabolism of dexamethasone (DXMS) could lead to false positive results. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of sex, body mass index (BMI) and age on the DXMS metabolism.

Methods:

In total, 183 subjects were enrolled in a regular 2 mg DST. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome, depression, renal or hepatic insufficiency and patients treated with liver enzyme modulating pharmaceuticals were excluded from this study, so that 72 patients and 66 healthy subjects were analyzed. Nocturnal blood withdrawals were performed in 11 adult subjects at 1:00 AM, 3:00 AM, 5:00 AM, 7:00 AM, 8:00 AM to evaluate the kinetic of DXMS and cortisol.

Results:

In the DST DXMS levels demonstrated a high variation at 8:00 AM, that was inversely correlated with BMI (r=−0.24, p=0.045). Furthermore, DXMS levels determined in patients with a BMI<30 kg/m2 (n=29) were significantly higher than values of obese patients with a BMI>30 kg/m2 (n=43) (1.66±0.71 ng/mL vs. 1.31±0.57 ng/mL, p=0.026). Cortisol levels, measured at the same time, were neither correlated with DXMS nor with BMI values. In the kinetic study, maximal DXMS concentration was measured at approximately 3:00 AM. At 8:00 AM, median of DXMS was reduced to 59.1% and was correlated directly with the DXMS AUC (r=0.75, p=0.013). However, there was no correlation between the cortisol levels at 8:00 AM and the nocturnal DXMS concentrations.

Conclusions:

In the DST BMI of individual patients could modulate the resorption rate and metabolism of DXMS but appears to have no impact on cortisol levels. Therefore, obesity should not be a cause of falsely positive results in the DST.
Singular integrals with variable kernel and fractional differentiation in homogeneous Morrey-Herz-type Hardy spaces with variable exponents
Authors: Yang Yanqi , Tao Shuangping
Published: April 2018

Let T be the singular integral operator with variable kernel defined by

T
f
(
x
)
=
p
.
v
.

∫

R

n

Ω

(
x
,
x
−
y
)

|

x
−
y

|

n

f
(
y
)
d
y

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle Tf(x)= p.v. \int\limits_{\mathbb{R}^{n}}\frac{{\it\Omega}(x,x-y)}{|x-y|^{n}}f(y)\text{d}y
\end{array} $$

and Dγ
(0 ≤ γ ≤ 1) be the fractional differentiation operator. Let T
∗ and T
♯ be the adjoint of T and the pseudo-adjoint of T, respectively. The aim of this paper is to establish some boundedness for TDγ
− DγT and (T
∗ − T
♯)Dγ
on the homogeneous Morrey-Herz-type Hardy spaces with variable exponents

H
M

K
˙

p
(
⋅
)
,
λ

α
(
⋅
)
,
q

$\begin{array}{}
HM\dot{K}^{\alpha(\cdot),q}_{p(\cdot),\lambda}
\end{array} $

via the convolution operator T

m, j
and Calderón-Zygmund operator, and then establish their boundedness on these spaces. The boundedness on

H
M

K
˙

p
(
⋅
)
,
λ

α
(
⋅
)
,
q

$\begin{array}{}
HM\dot{K}^{\alpha(\cdot),q}_{p(\cdot),\lambda}
\end{array} $

(ℝ
n
) is shown to hold for
TDγ
− DγT and (T
∗ − T
♯)Dγ
. Moreover, the authors also establish various norm characterizations for the product T
1
T
2 and the pseudo-product T
1 ∘ T
2.
Micelle-enhanced flow injection analysis
Authors: Abdeldaim Dalia T. , Mansour Fotouh R.
Published: April 2018

Surface-active agents are organic compounds of amphiphilic nature. When the concentration of surfactants is higher than a certain value, the monomers adhere to form well-defined aggregates known as micelles. These micelles have been employed in flow injection analysis (FIA) for various purposes. In chemiluminescence-based FIA, micelles can improve sensitivity by changing the chemical structures of the reagents, facilitating intramicellar energy transfer, accelerating the reaction kinetics, or stabilizing the excited singlet states. Micelles can improve sensitivity in FIA/ultraviolet-visible by electrostatic or solubilization effects. In FIA/fluorescence, emission intensity is considerably enhanced in micellar media due to the protective environment that restricts nonemissive energy transfer processes. If FIA is coupled with flame atomic absorption, the signals are enhanced with surfactants due to the decreased surface tension that results in the generation of smaller droplets during the aspiration and nebulization processes. In addition, surfactants promote the enrichment of the analyte in the double layer at the air-water interface. The FIA/cloud point extraction technique is based on using surfactants as alternatives to organic solvents. This review discusses the different roles of micelles in FIA methods.
The formulation and study of some variational assimilation problems and inverse problems in ionosphere
Authors: Agoshkov Valery I.
Published: April 2018

We formulate a class of inverse problems in the theory of ionosphere and study the methods of its solution based on variational data assimilation for ‘total electronic content’ (TEC). The issues of unique and dense solvability are considered and the solution algorithm for the problem formulated here is proposed.
Beyond the Mother Lode
Authors: Romero Adam M.
Published: April 2018

This article narrates California's chemically induced second gold rush through the lens of synthetic cyanide. In coupling California's geological, environmental, and economic history to the changing nature of gold ore in the late 1880s, it explores the role that the development of cyanide leaching and the industrialization of cyanide production had on California's mining landscapes. As such, it places California as a critical node in the globalization of cyanide leaching techniques. In doing so, it links disparate geographies and histories together to explore the chemicalization of California gold mining.
Facilitating the Timely Discharge of Well Newborns by Using Quality Improvement Methods
Authors: Rochester Nicole T. , Banach Laurie P. , Hoffner Wendy , Zeltser Deena , Lewis Phyllis , Seelbach Elizabeth , Cuzzi Sandra
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Discharges are a key driver of hospital throughput. Our pediatric hospitalist team sought to improve newborn nursery throughput by increasing the percentage of newborns on our service with a discharge order by 11 am. We hypothesized that implementing a discharge checklist would result in earlier discharge times for newborns who met discharge criteria.

METHODS:

We identified barriers to timely discharge through focus groups with key stakeholders, chart reviews, and brainstorming sessions. We subsequently created and implemented a discharge checklist to identify and address barriers before daily rounds. We tracked mean monthly discharge order times. Finally, we performed chart reviews to determine causes for significantly delayed discharge orders and used this information to modify rounding practices during a second plan-do-study-act cycle.

RESULTS:

During the 2-year period before the intervention, 24% of 3224 newborns had a discharge order entered by 11 am. In the 20 months after the intervention, 39% of 2739 newborns had a discharge order by 11 am, a 63% increase compared with the baseline. Observation for group B Streptococcus exposure was the most frequent reason for a late discharge order.

CONCLUSIONS:

There are many factors that affect the timely discharge of well newborns. The development and implementation of a discharge checklist improved our ability to discharge newborns on our pediatric hospitalist service by 11 am. Future studies to identify nonphysician barriers to timely newborn discharges may lead to further improvements in throughput between the labor and delivery and maternity suites units.
Study on the growth and spatial distribution of the root system of different european pear cultivars on quince rootstock combinations
Authors: Machado Bruno Dalaz , Magro Maicon , Souza Deivid Silva de , Rufato Leo , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese
Published: April 2018

Abstract Information on root development is an essential tool capable of identifying, among plants of a species, the one that has the greatest capacity to potentiate growth and development characteristics in its aerial part. The aim of this study was to characterize the distribution of the root system throughout the soil profile of different European pear cultivars and quince rootstock combinations on medium plant density systems (2500 plants ha-1). The combinations evaluated were: Abbè Fetel/Adams, Clapp´s Favourite/EMA, Santa Maria/Adams, Rocha/Adams, Decana du Comice/Adams, Packham´s Triumph/EMA, Packham´s Triumph/Adams and Conference/ Adams. In relation to effective depth, it was observed that up to 40 cm deep, 80% of the total root length and 83% of root concentration were found for all combinations. For the effective distance, it was observed that 80% of the total root length is distributed in up to 80 cm for all combinations, except for Clapp’s Favourite/EMA, whose actual distance was 100 cm. It was observed that the average of six combinations, 86% of root growth in the horizontal distance is located up to 80 cm.
A genética humana nos livros didáticos brasileiros e o determinismo genético
Authors: Prochazka Luana de Souza , Franzolin Fernanda
Published: April 2018

Resumo O tratamento da genética humana no ensino de genética pode ter por objetivo aproximar o assunto da realidade do aluno e ilustrar que os mecanismos gênicos não são exclusivos de outras espécies. Sendo os livros didáticos um dos principais recursos utilizados na escola, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar quais características humanas são mencionadas nos livros didáticos brasileiros e como são abordadas, propiciando ou não ao aluno a compreensão da complexidade da expressão de suas características. Foram analisados livros aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, quantificando as características humanas citadas e categorizando-as de acordo com o seu modo de tratamento. Os resultados demonstram que as características são menos priorizadas dentro dos livros didáticos; são em sua maioria descritas como monogênicas; e estão pouco relacionadas com informações sobre a influência do ambiente em sua expressão, podendo propiciar uma visão determinista da genética.
Update on the ichthyofauna of the Piquiri River basin, Paraná, Brazil: a conservation priority area
Authors: Cavalli Daiane , Frota Augusto , Lira Angelica Dorigon , Gubiani Éder André , Margarido Vladimir Pavan , Graça Weferson Júnio da
Published: April 2018

Abstract: Knowledge of the fish species in river basins is among the minimum requirements for the management of water and fish resources. Therefore, the aim of this study was to update the fish species composition of the Piquiri River basin, upper Paraná River basin. Data were gathered from recent information published in specialized literature and records for ichthyology collections. This update reports the occurrence of 152 fish species distributed in 8 orders, 31 families, and 89 genera. Non-native species accounted for 20% of all species, and the construction of the Itaipu Power Plant and its fish ladder were the main vectors of introduction. Three percent of the species were endangered, and 11% were classified as migratory. The Piquiri River basin harbors a large number of species, some of which are rare, endangered, migratory, endemic, and even unknown by science. Because of this, maintaining the integrity of this river basin will support the persistence of regional biodiversity.
Perfil da implantação de cisticercos de Taenia saginata em sítios musculares não usuais e sua importância para a Saúde Pública
Authors: Peixoto Rafaella Paola M. Guimarães , Pinto Paulo Sérgio A. , Santos Tatiane O. , Silva Letícia F. , Acevedo-Nieto Emílio C. , Silva André Ricardo
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: A cisticercose bovina é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial. No Brasil, o controle é realizado através do diagnóstico anatomopatológico durante a inspeção post-mortem nos matadouros. Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar a localização de cisticercos nos tecidos rotineiramente inspecionados e sobretudo nos tecidos não rotineiramente inspecionados, verificando a viabilidade dos cisticercos em bovinos infectados de forma experimental (grupo 1) e natural (grupo 2) com ovos de Taenia saginata. Em ambos os grupos foram analisados os tecidos rotineiramente inspecionados nas linhas de inspeção, de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos na legislação do Brasil. Adicionalmente, no grupo 1 foram selecionadas outras regiões anatômicas, representadas por quatro cortes comerciais (acém, alcatra, contrafilé, paleta), além do fígado, esôfago, diafragma e pilares. Com relação à frequência dos cisticercos no grupo 1, nos cortes comerciais, foram encontrados 8,2% de cisticercos no acém, 6,6% na paleta, 6,2% no contrafilé e 5,8% na alcatra. Outros tecidos não rotineiramente inspecionados para a exclusiva pesquisa por cisticercos que apresentaram lesões foram o diafragma, fígado e o esôfago, com 2,7%, 12,0% e 1,2% respectivamente. No grupo 1, os sítios rotineiramente inspecionados predominantes foram o coração (37,7%), músculos mastigatórios (17,1%) e língua (2,3%). No grupo 2 foram encontrados 61,8% dos cisticercos totais no coração, seguido dos músculos mastigatórios (38,2%) e fígado (10,2%). Com relação à viabilidade dos cisticercos no grupo 1, os viáveis predominaram na alcatra (80,0%), diafragma (71,4%) e esôfago (66,7%), já os cisticercos inviáveis predominaram nos músculos mastigatórios (77,3%), coração (76,3%), fígado (71,0%) e língua (50%). No grupo 2, o fígado apresentou 87,5% de cisticercos inviáveis, seguidos da língua (66,7%) e coração (63,2%), e nos tecidos mastigatórios foram encontrados 68,3% de cisticercos viáveis (68,3%). O alto percentual de cisticercos viáveis encontrado nos cortes comerciais, inclusive nos bovinos naturalmente infectados, representa um alerta para a Saúde Pública, pois, no Brasil, são frequentemente consumidos sem sofrer o devido tratamento térmico para inativação do cisticerco, aumentando consideravelmente a chance de infecção por teniose. Os resultados revelaram amplo perfil da manifestação anatomopatológica da cisticercose em diferentes tecidos de bovinos experimentalmente e naturalmente infectados, considerando-se tecidos musculares rotineiramente inspecionados ou não. Assim, o aprimoramento da inspeção sanitária das carcaças bovinas pode incrementar o controle do complexo teniose-cisticercose, diminuindo os riscos para a saúde pública.
Colloid osmotic pressure during and after surgical interventions in adult and geriatric dogs
Authors: Rego Mario A.F. , Conti-Patara Andreza , Carvalho Haley S. de , Cortopassi Silvia R.G.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: The objective this study is to evaluate colloid osmotic pressure (COP) fluctuations in adult and senile dogs during surgical interventions. Thirty-six healthy dogs to surgical interventions, distributed in two groups, A and B, according to their age, and were all subjected to the same anesthetic protocol. Values of albumin, total plasmatic protein and COP were evaluated from samples collected before pre-anesthetic medication, fifteen minutes after pre-anesthetic medication, and shortly after the end of the intervention. Results were tested using t-test to compare among groups and ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey’s test to compare different moments within the same group. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. In both groups, significant decreases were observed in colloid osmotic pressure, as well as albumin and total proteins (p<0.001). Despite slightly lower COP values for the group of adult animals, this difference was not significant as there was a high individual variation within groups. The results therefore indicate no difference in colloid osmotic pressure values or fluctuation patterns among adult and senile dogs (p=0.124). The observed results indicate that colloid osmotic pressure decreases significantly during surgical procedures, due to hypotension caused by the anesthetic drugs and to hemodilution caused by the fluid administration but there is no difference between groups. However, in both adult and senile dogs, these variables recover gradually after the animals awaken, through increased urine production and recovery of vascular tonus, indicating the successful reestablishment of homeostasis.
Analysis of the reproductive stage and ovarian histomorphometry of Dermanura cinerea (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Lima Junior Nivaldo B. , Arandas Maria J.G. , Silva Fabricya R. , Antonio Erivaldo A. , Aguiar Júnior Francisco C.A. , Teixeira Álvaro A.C. , Garcia José E. , Santos Katharine R.P.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to analyze the reproductive stage, histology and morphometry of the ovary of Dermanura cinerea in an Atlantic Forest fragments in the Biological Reserve of Saltinho, Pernambuco, Brazil. Adult females were captured monthly by mist net, during two consecutive nights from June/2014 to November/2015. The meteorological data were provided by the National Institute of Meteorology and grouped together with the reproductive data, in six periods: period I (June to August/2014), period II (September to November/2014), period III (December/2014 to February/2015), period IV (March to May/2015), period V (June to August/2015) and period VI (September to November/2015). The females were classified according to their reproductive stages in: Inactive, pregnant, lactating and postlactating. Among the 25 females caught, 10 inactive females were selected for the histomorphometric analysis of the ovaries and then they were euthanized. After that, the specimens had their ovaries removed, fixed, processed and included in Paraplast. The organs were cut and stained by Hematoxylin - Eosin and the histological slides produced were submitted to the appropriate optical microscope analysis. Each type of ovarian follicle was estimated according to the histological characteristics evidenced for other mammals. In the morphometric analysis, it was considered: The area of the ovary (measured in square millimeter), Quantification of different types of ovarian follicles (unilaminar and multilaminar primary follicles, antral and matures) and corpus luteum, as well as the area of each by those different follicles (measured in square micrometer) The results indicated that 16 females were inactive, 5 were lactating, 4 were pregnant and no post-lactating. The histological analysis revealed that the ovaries of D. cinerea exhibit characteristics, structures and cellular types similar to other mammals. The morphometric data of the study area were statistically evaluated using the Student’s t-test. Therefore, ovarian histomorphometric analysis are very important to infer with greater certainty about the reproduction of a species. Thus, it was observed that females of D. cinerea exhibit two reproductive peaks, that is, they can give birth either at the end of dry periods or from the beginning to the middle of the rainy season. The main feature observed in the ovary of this species, found in the Atlantic Forest area of the state of Pernambuco, is the preparation of the ovarian cortex to ovulate in months of high rainfall throughout the year. Therefore, this species tries to adjust its reproductive period with the variations of the environmental conditions, so that the reproduction might occur during the period more favorable for the maintenance of their offspring.
Espiritualidade nos cuidados paliativos: experiência vivida de uma equipe interdisciplinar
Authors: Arrieira Isabel Cristina de Oliveira , Thofehrn Maira Buss , Porto Adrize Rutz , Moura Pedro Márlon Martter , Martins Caroline Lemos , Jacondino Michelle Barboza
Published: April 2018

RESUMO Objetivo Compreender a experiência vivida da espiritualidade no cotidiano da equipe interdisciplinar que atua em cuidados paliativos. Método Estudo qualitativo realizado com uma equipe de cuidados paliativos oncológicos do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista fenomenológica, em 2014, e interpretados com a abordagem fenomenológica hermenêutica. Resultados Participaram seis profissionais. As ações relacionadas à espiritualidade, como o ato de orar e a prestação de cuidados integrais, foram recursos terapêuticos úteis para a oferta de conforto, sobrevida digna e humanização da morte, auxiliando a equipe e os pacientes na compreensão do processo de terminalidade e na busca de sentido no sofrimento advindo do adoecimento. Conclusão A espiritualidade exercida pelos profissionais junto aos pacientes propiciou sentido ao seu trabalho em cuidados paliativos, mostrando-se um facilitador na formação de vínculos entre equipe, paciente e sua família.
Assistência a saúde dos PCD na atenção primária: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Schulz Benelli Thais Ermelinda , Alves Fernanda Quevedo , Alves Fernanda Quevedo , Valim Andréia Rosane de Moura , Valim Andréia Rosane de Moura , Garcia Edna Linhares , Garcia Edna Linhares , Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz , Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz , Paiva Dulciane Nunes , Paiva Dulciane Nunes
Published: April 2018

Uma equipe para ser considerada completa na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) deve ser composta por um médico, um enfermeiro, seis agentes comunitários (AC), um dentista e um fisioterapeuta. No entanto, sabe-se que tal composição é mínima, pois não supre as reais necessidades demandadas nos territórios. Dentro deste contexto encontra-se a atenção básica às pessoas com deficiência (PcD) que se caracteriza como uma população que necessita de assistência fisioterapêutica, porém sofre com a dificuldade do acesso aos serviços de saúde. Por outro lado, na maioria dos casos, os profissionais fisioterapeutas necessitam programar um tratamento sequencial para promover uma atenção básica eficiente a tais pacientes e, devido ao reduzido número de sessões disponibilizadas pelo serviço de saúde pública, tem seu trabalho limitado em eficiência. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa objetivou descrever, por meio de revisão bibliográfica narrativa, a atuação dos fisioterapeutas junto aos PcD no âmbito das ESF. Foram encontrados 22 artigos, em que 2 estavam repetidos e 5 foram rejeitados por não abordarem o trabalho do fisioterapeuta nas ESF, dessa forma, foram selecionados 15 artigos científicos, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos. Nos artigos destacados, faz-se perceber que a atuação do profissional fisioterapeuta nas ESF é considerada relevante, contudo existe uma marcada divisão relacionada ao modelo de atenção, em que sua assistência nos ESF está voltada à reabilitação.
Examining the Relationships Between Multicultural Counseling Competence, Multicultural Self-Efficacy, and Ethnic Identity Development of Practicing Counselors
Authors: Matthews Jennifer J. , Barden Sejal Mehta , Sherrell Renee S.
Published: April 2018

The present study investigated the relationship between cultural competence, multicultural self-efficacy, and ethnic identity among professional counselors (n = 172). Researchers found a moderate positive correlation between cultural competence and multicultural ethnic identity, r = .41, p < .01, and between ethnic identity and multicultural self-efficacy, r = .31, p < .01. Additionally, there was a large positive correlation between cultural competency and multicultural self-efficacy, r = .61, p < .01. Finally, results from a hierarchical multiple regression indicated that ethnic identity and multicultural self-efficacy accounted for 42.4% of the variance in multicultural counseling competence after controlling for social desirability, F(3, 159) = 38.99, p < .001. Discussion of the results, implications for the counseling profession, and areas for future research are explored.
Addiction, Stress, and Relational Disorder: A Neuro-Informed Approach to Intervention
Authors: Luke Chad , Redekop Fred , Jones Laura K.
Published: April 2018

Substance use disorders are immensely costly economically and socially, but also in relational terms. The helping fields have struggled to arrive at consensus about substance use disorders and to endorse effective treatment approaches. We suggest that counselors will find it useful to frame substance use disorders as a type of relational disorder, a cycle wherein early nurturance disruption leads to brain function vulnerability and subsequent interpersonal difficulty. This difficulty in establishing and maintaining connections with others, in turn, can lead to susceptibility to substance use disorders. This article discusses basic neurophysiology surrounding substance use and relational disorders that can be used to inform efficacious counseling approaches for working with individuals facing substance use disorders. Such approaches explore the connection between substance use and relational disorders in terms of long-term exposure to nonnurturing environments. Our hope is that conceptualizing substance use disorders as relational disorder will assist clinicians in building more informed conceptualizations of their clients and reconsidering how they may work to rebuild this relational capacity, drawing on the brain's adaptive nature and potential for healing.
Peynir Üretiminde Yüksek Hidrostatik Basınç Uygulamaları
Authors: ÇINAR İnci
Published: April 2018

Peynir üretimi süt endüstrisinde çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Tüketici talebi doğrultusunda piyasaya sürülen peynir, çeşit ve nitelikler açısından sürekli geliştirilmektedir. Lezzet farkınıoluşturan uygulamaların başında ısıl işlem teknikleri gelmektedir. Son yıllarda süt ürünlerinin termal yöntemlerle işlenmesinde karşılaşılan olumsuzluklar nedeniyle ısısal olmayan yöntemler üzerindeki çalışmalar hız kazanmıştır. Bu yöntemlerden biri de yaygın uygulama alanı bulan yüksek hidrostatik basınçtır. Yüksek hidrostatik basınç uygulaması katı ve sıvı gıdaların ambalajlı veya ambalajsız olarak 100-1000MPa basınca maruz bırakılmasıyla uygulanan, gıdayı güvenli kılan ve raf ömrünü arttıran bir metottur. Sütün sıcaklık, pH ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilenmesi nedeniyle işlemede belirli normların uygulanması gerekmektedir. Yüksek hidrostatik basınç tekniğinin peynir üretimindeki en önemli avantajları peynir verimini arttırması, raf ömrünü uzatması ve soğuk depolamada oluşan yağ kristalizasyonuyla peynirin olgunlaştırılmasına katkı sağlamasıdır. Çalışmanın amacı peynir üretiminde yüksek hidrostatik basınç uygulamalarının temellerini, sistem kurgusu ve ekipmanlarını, uygulamanın avantaj ve dezavantajlarını güncel literatür ışığında ele almaktır.
Faith Tourism and “Possible” Faith Tourism Routes between Turkey and Georgia
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Uğur
Published: April 2018

Local administrations support tourism because of
its positive economic effects on local economy besides, culture and faith
tourism is important through preservation of cultural heritage and local
development. In this study, potential in faith tourism of North-eastern part of
Turkey and Georgia are explicated and to contribute to cross-border
collaboration and tolerance between different religions, a proposal religious
tourism route is designed as basic step. Beyond being the first study done in
the one of less developed regions of Turkey and Georgia, this paper provides
valuable information to tourism planners and decision makers to build joint
projects between two neighbouring countries.
Diagnóstico situacional e intervenções de terapia ocupacional em unidade de terapia intensiva onco-hematológica pediátrica
Authors: Franco Mariana De Paiva , Kudo Aide Mitie
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar o diagnóstico situacional de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Onco-hematológica Pediátrica (UTIOP) e verificar as possíveis intervenções de Terapia Ocupacional (TO). Este é um relato de experiência retrospectivo e descritivo, realizado em 2014 considerando o período de quatro meses após a inserção da TO na UTIOP de um Hospital terciário da cidade de São Paulo. A partir da compreensão do perfil dos pacientes e da dinâmica da Unidade, foi possível a elaboração de um instrumento de avaliação. Para o período a TO atendeu 25 de 29 crianças internadas, com predominância de idade de até 7 anos e diagnóstico de leucemia, com a condição de internação de consciente ou sedado e tempo de internação de até 7 dias.  A TO realizou 97 intervenções: avaliação, orientações aos cuidadores, posicionamento no leito, Tecnologia Assistiva. A partir da experiência clínica pode se afirmar que o TO possui competência para intervir junto aos pacientes e seus familiares no espaço da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica e Oncológica, contribuindo significativamente com a equipe multiprofissional e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes/cuidadores assistidos.