bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Providing Engineering Services With Smart Objects
Authors: Kiasler Stephen H. , Money William H. , Cohen Stephen J.
Published: June 2019

The world of data has been evolving due to the expansion of operations and the complexity of the data processed by systems. Big Data is no longer numbers and characters but are now unstructured data types collected by a variety of devices. Recent work has postulated that the Big Data evolutionary process is making a conceptual leap to incorporate intelligence. This challenges system engineers with new issues as they envision and create service systems to process and incorporate these new data sets and structures. This article proposes that Big Data has not yet made a complete evolutionary leap, but rather that a new class of data—a higher level of abstraction—is needed to integrate this “intelligence” concept. This article examines previous definitions of Smart Data, offers a new conceptualization for smart objects (SO), examines the smart data concept, and identifies issues and challenges of understanding smart objects as a new data managed software paradigm. It concludes that smart objects incorporate new features and have different properties from passive and inert Big Data.
Methane formation and consumption by sediments in a cross-channel profile of a small river impoundment
Authors: Bednařík Adam , Blaser Martin , Rulik Martin
Published: June 2019

Rivers are a natural source of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere and may contribute significantly to total CH4 emissions. Even though the details of sources of CH4 in rivers are not fully understood, weirs have been recognized as a hotspot of CH4 emissions. In this study, we investigated CH4 production and consumption in air-exposed river sediments along a cross-channel transect located upstream of a weir. Stable carbon isotopes were used for determination of individual methanogenic pathways. In order to understand the relationship between physicochemical and biological processes, additional parameters such as organic matter, grain median size, and carbon and nitrogen content were characterized as well. Generally, samples from the surface sediment layer (0-10 cm) had higher CH4 production than sediments from the deeper layer (10-20 cm) during the incubation experiments. Sediments near the bank zones and in the mid-channel were characterized by the highest organic carbon content (6.9 %) as well the highest methanogenic activity (2.5 mmol g-1 DW d-1). The CH4 production was predominated by H2/CO2 dependent methanogenesis in the surface sediment layer (0-10 cm), while the proportion of acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the deeper sediment layer (10-20 cm) was balanced. The CH4 oxidation potential of sediments showed the same spatial pattern as observed for the CH4 production. Our results showed high spatial variability of sediment CH4 production and oxidation in the cross-channel profile upstream of the weir, whereas the highest CH4 dynamics were observed in the littoral zones. This variability was closely linked with the carbon and nitrogen content in the sediment samples.
Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia: a rare lung pathology
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Mishra Mayank , Goyal Kashyap , Bhatt Ritisha , Joshi Prashant , Bansal Saloni
Published: June 2019

Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a rare, non-infective lung pathology histologically characterized by patchy distribution of intra-alveolar fibrin “balls” and organizing pneumonia. It needs to be differentiated from other forms of acute pneumonia like community acquired pneumonia (CAP) because the treatment modalities are contrastingly different. Interesting case of a 45-year-old male initially suspected as a case of acute bacterial pneumonia but finally diagnosed as case of AFOP, is being reported. Initial empirical antimicrobial therapy was ineffective, and the main treatment to which the patient responded was corticosteroids.
Intrapreneurial orientation in small and medium-sized enterprises: An exploration at the employee level
Authors: Schachtebeck Chris , Groenewald Darelle , Nieuwenhuizen Cecile
Published: June 2019

Orientation: The South African economy and, in particular, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have shown uninspiring performance, reflected in low levels of job creation, worryingly low levels of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial employee activity (EEA). As SMEs are the innovation and growth engine of an economy, the poor EEA levels (0.7%) indicate lacklustre levels of innovation and intrapreneurial activity.Research purpose: This study aims to fill the void by assessing the effect of intrapreneurial orientation (IO) at the employee level on internal SME growth.Motivation for the study: Despite this bleak outlook, to date no study has attempted to determine the influence of an IO on SME growth metrics.Research design, approach and method: The study is quantitative in nature, using an adapted questionnaire and employing a random sampling approach. Data were analysed by means of factor, correlation and regression analyses. A total of 290 responses were received from SME employees across South Africa.Main findings: The empirical study showed that only risk-taking, innovativeness, personal control, self-esteem and certain managerial factors positively relate to the growth of an SME.Practical/managerial implications: The findings provide insights for managers within SMEs on improving employee entrepreneurial activity and growth rates, by means of focusing on growth-supportive IO interventions.Contribution/value-add: The findings of this research are beneficial to academia and industry as the framework and measuring instrument offer additional insights into IO within SMEs.
Slowly non-dissipative equations with oscillating growth
Authors: Lappicy Phillipo , Pimentel Juliana
Published: June 2019

The goal of this paper is to construct explicitly the global attractors of semilinear parabolic equations when the reaction term has an oscillating growth. In this case, solution can also grow-up, and hence the attractor is unbounded and induces a flow at infinity. In particular, we construct heteroclinic connections between bounded and/or unbounded hyperbolic equilibria when the reaction term is asymptotically linear.
Rigidity for perimeter inequalities under symmetrization: State of the art and open problems
Authors: Cagnetti Filippo
Published: June 2019

We review some classical results in symmetrization theory, some recent progress in understanding rigidity, and indicate some open problems.
On the singular spectrum of tempered ultrahyperfunctions corresponding to proper convex cones
Authors: Franco Daniel H. T. , Alves Magno B.
Published: June 2019

We address in this paper the issue of singularities of ultrahyperfunctions. Following the Carmichael’s approach for ultrahyperfunctions, we study the relation between the singular spectrum of a class of tempered ultrahyperfunctions corresponding to proper convex cones and their expressions as boundary values of holomorphic functions. In passing, a simple version of the celebrated edge of the wedge theorem for this setting is derived from the integral representation without using cohomology.
Structures d’algèbre de Gerstenhaber–Voronov sur les formes différentielles non commutatives
Authors: Battikh Naoufel , Issaoui Hatem
Published: June 2019

The algebra of noncommutative differential forms has been defined by A. Connes in [4]. Using this algebra, M. Karoubi has defined cyclic homology and Hochschild homology groups (see [13]). These groups are related to the algebraic K-theory. The purpose of this paper is to provide the noncommutative differential forms algebra with the structure of Gerstenhaber–Voronov algebras.
Generating sets of Galois equivariant Krasner analytic functions
Authors: Alexandru V. , Vâjâitu Marian , Zaharescu Alexandru
Published: June 2019

Given a prime number

p

and

x

an element of the Tate field

\mathbb C_p

, the main goal of the present paper is to provide an explicit generating set, which is given by the trace function of

x

and all its derivatives, for the

\mathbb C_p

-Banach algebra of the Galois equivariant Krasner analytic functions defined on the complement in

\mathbb P^1(\mathbb C_p)

of the orbit of

x

with values in

\mathbb C_p

.
Preliminary Study of Perceived Vibration Quality for Human Hands
Authors: Bastiaan Jennifer M. , Green Edward , Kaye Sophie
Published: June 2019

A large body of knowledge exists regarding the effects of vibration on human beings; however, the emphasis is generally on the damaging effects of vibration. Very little information has been published regarding the effect of vibration on perceived consumer product quality. The perceived loudness of a product is quantified using the Fletcher-Munson equal loudness curves, but the equivalent curves for perceived vibration amplitude as a function of amplitude and frequency are not readily available. This “vibration quality” information would be valuable in the design and evaluation of many consumer products, including automobiles. Vibration information is used in the automobile design process where targets for steering wheel, seat track, and pedal vibration are common. For this purpose, the vibration information is considered proprietary and is generally applicable to a narrow frequency range. In this investigation, work paralleling the original Fletcher-Munson study is presented. “Equal comfort curves” for vibration were measured and developed for hands grasping a handlebar. A paired-comparison test methodology was used to establish an equivalency of perceived vibration comfort for vibration in a wide range of vibration amplitudes over a wide range of frequencies. The results include preliminary equal comfort curves for hand vibration, preliminary minimum perceivable vibration curves, and recommendations for a test to provide more definitive results.
Para entender sociologia: os manuais escolares de Maria Olga Mattar
Authors: Do Prado Patrícia Dos Santos Dotti
Published: June 2019

Maria Olga Mattar foi professora de sociologia da UFPR (1951-1981), da PUCPR (1955-2006) e efetiva do Colégio Estadual do Paraná (1952-1981). Ainda nos anos 1970, confeccionou para suas aulas duas apostilas de ensino. Editadas no livro Organização e Contexto Social: para entender sociologia (1998), eram uma introdução à epistemologia das ciências sociais. Este artigo analisa o referido livro, compreendendo sua confecção e conteúdo. De linhagem durkheimiana, a sociologia dos manuais de Mattar era ciência descritiva e comparativa dos agrupamentos humanos, cujos objetos por excelência eram a organização e o contexto sociais. Traço distintivo dos manuais são suas sínteses pessoais acerca das teorias sociológicas, em um registro de generalização e unidade teórica.
A presença da (Ciência) Politica e seus conceitos nos Livros Didáticos de Sociologia no PNLD 2015
Authors: Schnekenberg Guilherme Fernando , Bridi Maria Aparecida
Published: June 2019

Neste texto, apresentamos uma análise sobre a abordagem das categorias de Democracia e Cidadania nos livros didáticos de Sociologia aprovados pelo PNLD 2015. A partir dos documentos oficiais e das seis obras didáticas escolhidos por aquele programa, selecionamos conceitos e categorias próprios, mas não restritos, da Ciência Política. Com uma metodologia qualitativa, identificamos como eram tratados nos livros didáticos. A leitura sistemática das obras nos permitiu comparar as abordagens dadas a cada um dos conceitos e categorias elencadas nas peças didáticas. Nesse processo, analisamos, sobretudo, as disciplinas que eram referência para autores e autoras de livros didáticos. A análise sobre a formação dos autores das obras revela que a sua maioria absoluta possui formação em Ciências Sociais, o que expressa uma das condições para que as obras contemplem as três áreas.
As (re)configurações do campo jurídico e sua relação com a mídia na sociedade contemporânea
Authors: Dalcol Charlene , Trevisan Fossá Maria Ivete
Published: June 2019

Este artigo promove uma reflexão teórica acerca das (re)configurações do campo jurídico e suas movimentações na sociedade contemporânea, colocando-as à luz dos processos de midiatização. Nossa ênfase é na relação de entrelaçamento entre o campo jurídico e o midiático, que acaba contribuindo para uma atuação espetacular da Justiça. Assumimos a pesquisa bibliográfica como metodologia para encontrar indícios que nos levem à reflexão, interpretação e tensionamento dos conceitos propostos pelos autores. Observamos, portanto, que as (re)configurações observadas nos movimentados do campo jurídico têm relação direta com o entrelaçamento do campo midiático e, da própria mídia, a este campo organizando um verdadeiro palco de visibilidade pública do judiciário.
A administração da relevância das pesquisas sobre mudança climática: o papel das incertezas
Authors: Silveira de Oliveira Filho Antero
Published: June 2019

Esse trabalho pretende investigar como é realizada, pelos cientistas, a administração da relevância de suas pesquisas, no contexto das mudanças climáticas, especialmente, no que se refere às incertezas sobre esse tema. Ou seja, como a importância de um determinado objeto de investigação científica é apresentada, através de publicações na rede técnocientífica, levando-se em conta o modo como as incertezas são tratadas na construção do conhecimento científico. Para tanto, tem como referência os artigos científicos produzidos por pesquisadores da Rede CLIMA, dentro da sub-rede Modelagem, no período de 2007 à 2013, considerando a noção de administração da relevância. Haja vista que na sociedade moderna a ciência possui destacado papel, é importante lançar luz, sociologicamente, sobre os processos de produção de conhecimento e sua relação com os contextos práticos dos quais emergem. A abordagem do objeto é qualitativa e de caráter descritivo, contando com pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e análise de conteúdo.
Contribuições para a educação de José Carlos Mariátegui
Authors: Pereira Marcela Andresa Semeghini
Published: June 2019

A presente pesquisa apresentou as principais contribuições à educação do intelectual e jornalista peruano José Carlos Mariátegui. Inicialmente fez-se uma breve cronologia de sua vida, posteriormente apresentou-se o contexto da América Latina entre os anos de 1918 a 1923, quando iniciou os escritos e a militância na educação. Explicitou um interesse enfático com a educação dos trabalhadores, não apenas pela construção de uma democracia andina, mas também como meio de proporcionar uma ação consciente das massas populares na luta pelo socialismo. Mariátegui também destacou que a aprendizagem é um processo para toda a vida, portanto a formação integral do indivíduo não se alcança nos primeiros anos de vida, o aprender pessoal apenas se esgota no final da vida. Referente ao método informou-se as três ideias pedagógicas centrais no tipo de educação não formal proposta pelo Amauta que são a estratégia pedagógica da conversação, rol mediador do docente e prática da contradição cognitiva. O autor nos faz refletir sobre o que implementar para criar uma escola que faça com que o conhecimento chegue até os trabalhadores/proletário, camponeses, pobres, negros etc, sendo um dos maiores desafios dos profissionais da educação hodierna. A orientação teórico-metodológica destes apontamentos compreendeu o materialismo histórico dialético, estabelecendo uma conexão com o conhecimento teórico e a realidade histórica objetiva.
Caipiras e sertanejos: raça e nacionalidade em Euclides da Cunha e Monteiro Lobato
Authors: Souza José Wellington
Published: June 2019

Pretendo analisar os usos de tipos humanos na formação de termos, como “raça nacional”, cristalizados em dois tipos literários presentes na literatura nacional, pensados como tipos humanos raciais muito caros ao imaginário do pensamento social. Para isso, tomo o Sertanejo de Euclides da Cunha e o Jeca Tatu de Monteiro Lobato. É notória a contribuição dos termos literários e biológicos elencados por Euclides, em Os Sertões, sobre a constituição da primeira fase da obra de Lobato, especialmente em Urupês e Cidades Mortas, na sua figura do caipira, ambos concorrentes a modelo de homem brasileiro.
Effect of gestational weight gain on insulin resistance mediated by serum adipokine concentrations in advanced maternal age
Authors: Dong Beibei , Sun Jinfang , Zhi Mengmeng , Han Manman , Lin Hao , Yu Hong , Li Ling
Published: June 2019

Introduction

With the implementation of the universal two-child policy, the number of pregnant women of advanced maternal age (AMA) will increase steadily. We aimed to investigate whether the effect of gestational weight gain on insulin resistance (IR) before delivery was mediated by serum adipokine concentrations in AMA.

Material and methods

This cross-sectional study included 80 pregnant women of AMA recruited consecutively before delivery from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between August 2016 and July 2017. At delivery, maternal weight during the third trimester was recorded and serum adipokines were measured. IR was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment 2 (HOMA2) method.

Results

Weight gain (WG) during the third trimester was positively associated with serum leptin concentrations (r = 0.34, p = 0.0018) and HOMA-IR indices (r = 0.25, p = 0.025), but not related with serum concentration of adiponectin (r = 0.12, p = 0.28). WG during the third trimester and serum concentration of leptin were independently associated with the level of HOMA-IR by multivariate analysis. Subsequently, according to mediation analysis, the association between WG during the third trimester and HOMA-IR mediated by serum leptin concentrations was statistically significant (z = 1.588, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Taken together, our findings suggest that the relationship between WG during the third trimester and IR was mediated by serum leptin concentrations in AMA, but not serum adiponectin concentrations.
Salidroside regulates imbalance of Th17/Treg
and promotes ischemic tolerance by targeting STAT-3 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Yin Lele , Ouyang Dongyun , Lin Lihong , Xin Xiufeng , Ji Yuhua
Published: June 2019

Introduction

The balance between Th17 and Treg cells controls the immune response and is an important regulator of helper T cells acting on autoimmune diseases. Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury can induce imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in the brain and the peripheral immune system of rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salidroside (Sal) on the ratio of Th17 and Treg cells in an adult rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Material and methods

Forty rats were divided into 4 groups: normal group, sham group, surgery group, and Sal group. After treatment, the neurological deficits in rats were evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and the count of Th17 and Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. The infarct size and expression of RORt and Foxp3 were detected in rat brain tissue. Rat spleen cells were isolated, CD4+ T cells were purified by immunomagnetic beads. Treg cells were induced by adding cytokine TGF-. Th17 cells were induced by adding cytokine IL-6. The expression of STAT-3 was inhibited by SiRNA, and the effect of Sal on the differentiation of Th17/Treg cells was analyzed. The expression levels of IL-6, TNF-, MCP-1, STAT-3 and NF--B2 proteins were examined.

Results

The results show that MCAO can induce an imbalance of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of rats. Sal treatment can significantly reduce the neurological deficit and infarct size of MCAO rats, reverse the oxidative stress of rat brain tissue, and inhibit the apoptosis of brain cells in MCAO rats. In the brain tissue of MCAO rats, Sal could significantly inhibit the expression of IL-6, TNF-, MCP-1, STAT-3 and NF--B2. Down-regulation of STAT-3 significantly reversed the therapeutic effects of Sal treatment.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that Sal can increase the tolerance of rat brain tissue to ischemia, inhibit cell apoptosis and reduce oxidative stress by targeting STAT-3.
Diurnal and nocturnal cloud segmentation of ASI images using enhancement fully convolutional networks
Authors: Shi Chaojun , Zhou Yatong , Qiu Bo , He Jingfei , Ding Mu , Wei Shiya
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Cloud segmentation plays a very important role in the astronomical observatory site selection. At present, few researchers segment cloud in the nocturnal All Sky Imager (ASI) images. This paper proposes a new automatic cloud segmentation algorithm which utilizes the advantages of deep learning fully convolutional networks (FCN) to segment cloud pixels from diurnal and nocturnal ASI images, named enhancement fully convolutional networks (EFCN). Firstly, all the ASI images in the data set from the Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy at the National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) are converted from the red-green-blue (RGB) color space to hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) color space. Secondly, the channel of the HSI color space is enhanced by the histogram equalization. Thirdly, all the ASI images are converted from the HSI color space to RGB color space. Then after 100000 times iterative training based on the ASI images in the training set, the optimum associated parameters of the EFCN-8s model are obtained. Finally, we use the trained EFCN-8s to segment the cloud pixels of the ASI image in the test set. In the experiments our proposed EFCN-8s was compared with other four algorithms (OTSU, FCN-8s, EFCN-32s, and EFCN-16s) using four evaluation metrics. Experiments show that the EFCN-8s is much more accurate in the cloud segmentation for diurnal and nocturnal ASI images than other four algorithms.
Allocating people to pixels: A review of large-scale gridded population data products and their fitness for use
Authors: Leyk Stefan , Gaughan Andrea E. , Adamo Susana B. , de Sherbinin Alex , Balk Deborah , Freire Sergio , Rose Amy , Stevens Forrest R. , Blankespoor Brian , Frye Charlie , Comenetz Joshua , Sorichetta Alessandro , MacManus Kytt , Pistolesi Linda , Levy Marc , Tatem Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Population data represent an essential component in studies focusing on human-nature interrelationships, disaster risk assessment and environmental health. Several recent efforts have produced global and continental-extent gridded population data which are becoming increasingly popular among various research communities. However, these data products, which are of very different characteristics and based on different modeling assumptions, have never been systematically reviewed and compared which may impede their appropriate use. This article fills this gap and presents, compares and discusses a set of large-scale (global and continental) gridded datasets representing population counts or densities. It focuses on data properties, methodological approaches and relative quality aspects that are important to fully understand the characteristics of the data with regard to the intended uses. Written by the data producers and members of the user community, through the lens of the “fitness for use” concept, the aim of this paper is to provide potential data users with the knowledge base needed to make informed decisions about the appropriateness of the data products available in relation to the target application and for critical analysis.
SENSITIVITY OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ESTIMATION USING THE SEBS MODEL TO VARIATION OF INPUT PARAMETERS (LST, DSSF, AERODYNAMICS PARAMETERS, LAI, FVC)
Authors: Abid N. , Mannaerts C. , Bargaoui Z.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) is a key component of the water and energy balance and hydrological regime of catchments. A land surface energy balance system model (SEBS) was used to estimate the AET of the 160100-km² Medjerda river basin in Northern Tunisia. This model uses satellite data in combination with meteorological data. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of the AET model output to five major input variables: the 30-minute Downward Surface Shortwave solar radiation fluxes (DSSF), and Land Surface Temperatures (LST), the roughness height for momentum transfer z0m, and the influence of the spatial resolution of satellite-based Leaf Area Index (LAI) and fraction of Vegetation Cover (FVC) estimates. The DSSF product was validated using a comparison to solar radiation estimates by the Angstrom formula based on in-situ station data. Gaps in the 15-min satellite-based land surface temperature time series were filled using a sinusoidal model on pixels containing meteorological stations. One-half to two standard deviations of the errors of the regression curves were applied to analyse the sensitivity of the SEBS output. Two methods to estimate the near surface aerodynamic parameter z0m were applied and compared. Maps of LAI and FVC derived from two sensors alternatively applied as an input to the SEBS model. A sensitivity analysis, performed in the first decade of May 2010, showed that SEBS model parameterization is quite sensitive in the forestland cover type. The difference can be up to 0.3 mm day−1. For agricultural land areas, representing an important percentage of the Medjerda basin, AET estimations based on the SEBS model proved to be used to satisfy the actual evapotranspiration estimates.
QUALITY CONTROL FOR CROWDSOURCING LARGE SCALE TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS
Authors: Bekker I. , Felus Y.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Crowdsourcing is an emerging methodology for spatial data collection. This methodology has been used extensively to create small scale maps such as in OpenStreetMap. However, it has rarely been used in acquiring large scale, accurate engineering data. Expert-sourcing uses methods similar to crowdsourcing except that it collects information from experts and professionals. This article describes the development steps of novel expert-sourcing methodologies for updating the national geo-spatial database (cadastre and topography) in Israel. The input data for the process are building permit maps at a scale of 1 : 250 created by professionals. The first step in the process was the adaptation of a national standard for digital map contents, cartography and computer format. The second step was the development of the crowdsourcing system to get the maps from mapping professionals, assess them and verify that they meet the criteria. The two challenges in this step were to design an engaging User Experience (UX) that will not require training or a user manual and to develop automatic quality control tools. The third step was the creation of a data integration process to update the national database from the various sources. The system (aka TopoCad) provides a comprehensive set of tools to support the practice of obtaining information from all the surveyors and mapping experts in Israel. The system aggregates all the information of every mapping activity (geodesy, cadastre, construction permits, mapping and GIS) in a semi-automatic process. This novel platform improved governmental procedures and made services more efficient. In addition, this innovative tool improved the national databases by updating them with new data on an on-going basis.
A SYNTHETIC 3D SCENE FOR THE VALIDATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Frommholz D.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper describes the construction and composition of a synthetic test world for the validation of photogrammetric algorithms. Since its 3D objects are entirely generated by software, the geometric accuracy of the scene does not suffer from measurement errors which existing real-world ground truth is inherently afflicted with. The resulting data set covers an area of 13188 by 6144 length units and exposes positional residuals as small as the machine epsilon of the double-precision floating point numbers used exclusively for the coordinates. It is colored with high-resolution textures to accommodate the simulation of virtual flight campaigns with large optical sensors and laser scanners in both aerial and close-range scenarios. To specifically support the derivation of image samples and point clouds, the synthetic scene gets stored in the human-readable Alias/Wavefront OBJ and POV-Ray data formats. While conventional rasterization remains possible, using the open-source ray tracer as a render tool facilitates the creation of ideal pinhole bitmaps, consistent digital surface models (DSMs), true ortho-mosaics (TOMs) and orientation metadata without programming knowledge. To demonstrate the application of the constructed 3D scene, example validation recipes are discussed in detail for a state-of-the-art implementation of semi-global matching and a perspective-correct multi-source texture mapper. For the latter, beyond the visual assessment, a statistical evaluation of the achieved texture quality is given.
SDQO AND SFO, ONTOLOGIES FOR SPATIAL DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Yilmaz C. , Comert C. , Yildirim D.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Spatial quality assessment is based on the conformance of data to its specifications or fitness for users’ purpose. These specifications and the users’ purposes include the rules and constraints that a dataset should comply with. Assessing the compliance of data to the rules is still an active research subject and rule-based approach is the common method. For the efficient rule-based system implementation, it is desired to automate assessment process with a domain-independent and web-based approach. Reasoning capability and re-usability of semantic web components are expected to promote efficient implementation. In literature, many domains such as agriculture, music, Linked Data and geospatial domain etc. apply ontology-based methods for quality management. There is a need to model geospatial quality concepts and rules in a domain-independent way to automate the quality management process. In our model of rule formalism, we use Web Ontology Language (OWL) and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). We devise two types of ontologies. These are; the specification ontologies (SfO) and the Spatial Data Quality Ontology (SDQO). SfO is to be created by domain experts/users to define rules according to specifications. SDQO is responsible with quality assessment; it is domain independent and makes assessment based on the rules defined by any SfO for the related domain. The quality elements are domain and toposemantic consistency that assessed by SWRL. In this paper, the design considerations of the ontologies for quality assessment are explained with an example.
GIS BASED SOLAR POWER PLANTS SITE SELECTION USING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) IN ISTANBUL, TURKEY
Authors: Tunc A. , Tuncay G. , Alacakanat Z. , Sevimli F. S.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Today, countries are shifting their energy policies towards to renewable energy sources. The main reasons for this can be summarized as the reduction of fossil fuel resources, resulting in cost increase and their harmful effect on the ecological balance. Since renewable energy sources are both economical and eco-friendly, for countries which have high solar energy potential such as Turkey, it is reasonable to direct their energy policies to solar energy which is a renewable energy source.In this study, the development of renewable energy legislation in Turkey, from past to present has been examined and implementation steps for the licenced and unlicensed generation of electricity from solar energy have been introduced. Ten impact factors have been identified as the first step for the implementation of the solar power plant site selection in Istanbul, which was determined as the pilot region. Impact factors weighted using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Concurrently, the weights of these determined impact factors were compared with the weights obtained by evaluating the results of the “Evaluation of Solar Energy Power Plant Site Selection Factors” survey conducted during the study. After obtaining the weights, the relevant data were collected and the necessary analyses were performed with the help of the GIS software and the most suitable places were provided for the solar power plant for Istanbul.
APPLICATION RESEARCH OF LOD TECHNOLOGY AND THE SHORTEST PATH ALGORITHM IN TRAFIC GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Zhang X. , Zhang X. , Zhang H.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. 3D visualization theory and technology has become a new research topic in the field of GIS and digital mapping. Based on a brief analysis of the development status of 3D GIS at home and abroad, this paper introduces the key technologies such as LOD technology and shortest path algorithm commonly used in traffic 3D GIS. The three-dimensional visualization technology in the application of traffic in the field of three-dimensional road network generation, vehicle navigation, simulation driving, etc., the analysis and summary of the vehicle collision model based on driving vehicles to detect road conditions and issue vehicle driving operation instructions, to some extent The simulated driving of the vehicle is realized. Based on the actual 3D geographic information platform, the fusion processing and 3D display of different precision terrain data are realized, and the function modules such as vehicle navigation and simulation driving are developed. The initial practice of LOD technology and shortest path algorithm in traffic 3D information system application was carried out.
POTENTIAL GEOLOGIC ISSUES OF VON KÁRMÁN CRATER REVEALED BY MULTISOURCE REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Meng Z. G. , Wang H. H. , Chen S. B. , Ping J. S. , Huang Q. , Cai Z. C. , Wu Y. Z. , Xing L. X. , Wu Y. G.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Von Kármán crater is the landing area for CE-4 mission, which provides a chance to further study the evolution of South-Pole Aitken basin. In this paper, the topography, composition, temperature and deep structures of Von Kármán crater are systematically studied with LRO LOLA data, Clementine UV-VIS data, CE-2 CELMS data, and GRAIL data. Several potential geologic issues are postulated as follows: (1) There exists a difference for the southern and northern parts of the crater floor in topography. The surface topography is influenced by Leibnitz and Finsen events. (2) There exists an FTA-rich material in depth layer of the crater floor, and the later bombardments exposed the original material in the crater floor. And the material in depth is homogeneous. (3) The composition apparently changes with depth, and there exist a warm anomaly in the northern part of the crater floor and a cold anomaly in the southern part. (4) A large amount of magma has been uplifted after Von Kármán M impact event, and the crust has been melted several times and condensed into dense basalt layer. Generally, this is a good place to measure the material from the original SPA basin and the material from the depth layer of the Moon for the CE-4 landing site.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF 3DPD, THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PIPELINE FOR THE CASSIS STEREO IMAGES
Authors: Re C. , Tulyakov S. , Simioni E. , Mudric T. , Cremonese G. , Thomas N.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. A novel photogrammetric pipeline has been designed by INAF-Padova for the processing of the recent stereo images of CaSSIS and it will be a starting point for the future procedures that will be applied to Stereo Camera (STC) (Cremonese, 2009; Da Deppo, 2010) images for the BepiColombo mission to Mercury. The large number of stereo pairs being generated has made it necessary that several teams attempt to generate products. The presented procedures are the two strategies (proposed by INAF-PADOVA and by EPFLLausanne) available nowadays in an international attempt to generate 3D products from the CaSSIS images. The comparisons here presented will be the first of several such efforts and are important to make the planetary community aware of the accuracy of the 3D data available. Furthermore, the possibility to consider higher accuracy DTMs as the ones of HiRISE makes the quality assessment of stereo products of CaSSIS robust and important for the assessment of data to be provided to the scientific community. The performance evaluation of the INAF-Padova pipeline (3DPD software) is the main objectives of this work. Additionally, the comparison between the correlation phase of 3DPD and of ASP (Moratto, 2010) that is integrated in the EPFL pipeline has been considered.
VISION BASED OBSTACLE DETECTION USING ROVER STEREO IMAGES
Authors: Wang Y. , Peng M. , Di K. , Wan W. , Liu Z. , Yue Z. , Xing Y. , Mao X. , Teng B.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Vision based obstacle detection using stereo images is an essential way for hazard avoidance and path planning in planetary rover missions. However, due to light condition changes and topographic relief, only partial or sparse three-dimensional points may be derived by image matching and triangulation reconstruction, which is not sufficient for recognizing obstacles. In this paper, we developed a strategy to detect obstacles using rover stereo images by combining both image grayscale information and sparse 3D point information. Experiments were carried out using stereo images captured by navigation cameras mounted on the Yutu rover of Chang’e-3 mission. Moreover, how obstacle localization accuracy affected by the parameters are analysed and discussed.
TRAJECTORY EXTRACTION FOR ANALYSIS OF UNSAFE DRIVING BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Koetsier C. , Busch S. , Sester M.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The environment of the vehicle can significantly influence the driving situation. Which conditions lead to unsafe driving behaviour is not always clear, also not to a human driver, as the causes might be unconscious, and thus cannot be revealed by expert interviews. Therefore, it is important to investigate how such situations can be reliably detected, and then search for their triggers. It is conceivable that such insecure situations (e.g. near-accidents, U-turns, avoiding obstacles) are reflected, for example, as anomalies in the movement trajectories of road users.Collecting real world traffic data in driving studies is very time consuming and expensive. However, a lot of roads or public areas are already monitored with video cameras. In addition, nowadays more and more of such video data is made publicly available over the internet so that the amount of free video data is increasing. This research will exploit the use of such kind of opportunistic VGI. In the paper the first step of an automatic analysis are presented, namely: to introduce a real time processing pipeline to extract road user trajectories from surveillance video data.
A SEMANTIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEM IN REMOTE SENSING WEB PLATFORMS
Authors: Nys G.-A. , Kasprzyk J.-P. , Hallot P. , Billen R.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper proposes a solution to reduce the semantic gap between final users and data/processing providers in a web market place dedicated to remote sensing products. Nowadays, search engine are common tools on the Internet. Users are accustomed to use them and used to get tabular classification of provided answers. These smart agents are set up to answer basic questions using automatic pages redirection or chitchat. In this research, to ensure coherence between user’s requests and platform answers, natural language processing algorithms and knowledge graphs are integrated within a web platform thanks to a NoSQL graph database connected to open thesauri and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Therefore, the most pertinent services can be proposed based on input sentences including non-technical vocabulary but also geographical components (the user interface includes a text area and an interactive map). While processing chains and remote sensing ontologies were presented in one of our previous studies, this article focuses on natural languages algorithms and knowledge mining.
EXTENDING ACCURACY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES OF GLOBAL COVERAGE LAND COVER MAPS THROUGH SPATIAL ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Oxoli D. , Bratic G. , Wu H. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. High-resolution land cover maps are in high demand for many environmental applications. Yet, the information they provide is uncertain unless the accuracy of these maps is known. Therefore, accuracy assessment should be an integral part of land cover map production as a way of ensuring reliable products. The traditional accuracy metrics like Overall Accuracy and Producer’s and User’s accuracies – based on the confusion matrix – are useful to understand global accuracy of the map, but they do not provide insight into the possible nature or source of the errors. The idea behind this work is to complement traditional accuracy metrics with the analysis of error spatial patterns. The aim is to discover errors underlying features which can be later employed to improve the traditional accuracy assessment. The designed procedure is applied to the accuracy assessment of the GlobeLand30 global land cover map for the Lombardy Region (Northern Italy) by means of comparison with the DUSAF regional land cover map. Traditional accuracy assessment quantified the classification accuracies of the map. Indeed, critical errors were pointed out and further analyses on their spatial patterns were performed by means of the Moran’s I indicator. Additionally, visual exploration of the spatial patterns was performed. This allowed describing possible sources of errors. Both software and analysis strategies were described in detail to facilitate future improvement and replication of the procedure. The results of the exploratory experiments are critically discussed in relation to the benefits that they potentially introduce into the traditional accuracy assessment procedure.
TOWARDS ESTABLISHING AN OPEN CATALOGUE FOR GEOSPATIAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
Authors: Rautenbach V. , Coetzee S. , Çöltekin A. , Pettit C. , Pijper L. , Madden M. , Christophe S. , Lkhamjav O.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Existing geospatial educational resources are not always easy to find and to integrate into an academic module, amongst others, because the required metadata is not available. As a consequence, simple search attempts do not bring us to these resources, and we miss out on some material that may be very useful in teaching and learning. Our aim is to develop a searchable catalogue of existing geospatial educational resources that can be used by communities, such as ISPRS or GeoForAll, universities and other educational institutions. The catalogue will index new and existing geospatial educational resources (e.g. electronic textbooks, tutorials, and quizzes) so that the resources can be searched and discovered. Based on the metadata, educators can select appropriate educational resources for integration into an educational event, such as an online course or a module at university level. We believe such an open catalogue of searchable geospatial educational resources is valuable for educators worldwide and will provide students with the opportunity to learn using local and international examples to widen their knowledge. In addition, this future catalogue should broaden overall access to geospatial education and empower communities for the benefit of society. In this paper, we discuss requirements of preparing such a catalogue and some preliminary efforts we have made towards implementing one, including review of 114 existing systems and resources.
AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION AND CO-REGISTRATION FOR A STEREO CAMERA SYSTEM AND A THERMAL IMAGING SENSOR USING A CHESSBOARD
Authors: Choinowski A. , Dahlke D. , Ernst I. , Pless S. , Rettig I.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a system calibration method for a trifocal sensor, which is sensitive to different spectral bands. The trifocal camera system consists of a stereo camera, operating in the visual (VIS) spectrum and a thermal imaging camera, operating in the Long-Wave- Infrared (LWIR) spectrum. Intrinsic parameters and spatial alignment are determined simultaneously. As calibration target a passive aluminium chessboard is used. Corner detection and subsequent bundle adjustment is done on all synchronized image triplets. The remaining reprojection errors are in the sub-pixel range and enable the system to generate metric point clouds, colored with thermal intensities in real-time.
OPTIMISATION OF THE CALIBRATION PROCESS OF A K-TLS BASED MULTI-SENSOR-SYSTEM BY GENETIC ALGORITHMS
Authors: Hartmann J. , von Gösseln I. , Schild N. , Dorndorf A. , Paffenholz J.-A. , Neumann I.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In recent years, the requirements in the industrial production of elongated objects, e.g., aircraft, have been increased. An essential aspect of the production process is the 3D object detection as well as the qualitative assessment of the captured data. On the one hand high accuracy requirements with a 3D standard deviation of σ3D = 1 mm have to be fulfilled, on the other hand an efficient 3D object capturing is needed. In terms of efficiency, kinematic terrestrial laser scanning (k-TLS) has proven its strength in the recent years. It can be seen as an alternative and is even more powerful than to the well established static terrestrial laser scanning (s-TLS). In order to perform a high accurate 3D object capturing with k-TLS, the 3D object capturing of the initial sensor, the (geo-)referencing of the mobile platform, the synchronisation of all sensors and the system calibration, which means the determination of six extrinsic parameters have to be performed with suitable accuracy. Within this contribution we focus on the system calibration. Therefore an approach based on known reference geometries, here planes, is used (Strübing and Neumann, 2013). As a result, the lever arm and boresight angles are determined. Hereby the number as well as the position and orientation of the reference geometries is of importance. Therefore, an optimal arrangement has to be found. Here a sensitive analysis based on uncertainty propagation is used. A selective search of an optimised arrangement is carried out by a genetic algorithm. Within some examples we demonstrate some theoretical aspects and how an optimisation of the reference geometry arrangement can be achieved.
PROGRESS ON ISPRS BENCHMARK ON MULTISENSORY INDOOR MAPPING AND POSITIONING
Authors: Wang C. , Dai Y. , El-Sheimy N. , Wen C. , Retscher G. , Kang Z. , Lingua A.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper presents the design of the benchmark dataset on multisensory indoor mapping and position (MIMAP) which is sponsored by ISPRS scientific initiatives. The benchmark dataset including point clouds captured by indoor mobile laser scanning system (IMLS) in indoor environments of various complexity. The benchmark aims to stimulate and promote research in the following three fields: (1) SLAM-based indoor point cloud generation; (2) automated BIM feature extraction from point clouds, with an emphasis on the elements, such as floors, walls, ceilings, doors, windows, stairs, lamps, switches, air outlets, that are involved in building management and navigation tasks ; and (3) low-cost multisensory indoor positioning, focusing on the smartphone platform solution. MIMAP provides a common framework for the evaluation and comparison of LiDAR-based SLAM, BIM feature extraction, and smartphone indoor positioning methods.