bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idéologie : Facteurs de conflit et d'échec au Moyen-Orient
Authors: Ammar Asad
Published: March 2022

L'article suivant explique comment l'idéologie occidentale est un facteur majeur dans la survenance des conflits et des défaillances de l'État au Moyen-Orient. Dans cet article, l'auteur examine la perspective de l'hégémonie idéologique. L'idéologie détruit le système politique et économique qui est à l'origine des inégalités sociales, accélérant ainsi l'éclatement du conflit au Moyen-Orient. L'auteur cite en exemple la Syrie et la Libye pour prouver les facteurs moteurs du conflit. L'auteur soutient que la cause principale du conflit au Moyen-Orient est l'influence de l'idéologie occidentale qui n'a pas été acceptée à la fois par les détenteurs du pouvoir et par la société, ce qui a conduit à des divisions et même à des guerres. La démocratie est un modèle accepté dans de nombreux pays qui ne peut être appliqué au Moyen-Orient. L'auteur critique également l'échec de la mise en œuvre de la démocratie et de l'économie libérale au Moyen-Orient.
“Don’t Shop Here”: A Metadiscourse Analysis of Customer Reviews on Social Media
Authors: Rezk Omayma , Attia Mona , Farag Salwa
Published: March 2022

“Don’t Shop Here” is the title of a Facebook group that posts authentic customer reviews, written by Egyptians, on different products and services. Since these posts are a form of communication that takes place via electronic devices on the internet, it is considered a Computer-Mediated Discourse (CMD), also known as Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC). From the group title, the consumers’ posts that are published in the group are mostly negative, with a live interaction and comments by the group members, who sometimes include product/service providers among them. This study focuses on consumers’ interpersonal behavior that reveals their attitudes and evaluations. This is believed to be achieved by applying Hyland’s (2005) Metadiscourse Model. The model comprises several analytical tools that include engagement markers, hedges, boosters, attitude markers and self-mention that assist in describing the different relationships between customers and their audience, on the one hand, and customers and product/service providers, on the other hand.
Characterization of Andrew Undershaft in Bernard Shaw’s Major Barbara
Authors: Nouby Ghada , Al Arousy Nahwat , Eid Saad Mona
Published: March 2022

Characterization is a compelling way that enables authors to express their views and convey their messages indirectly through the characters they create as well as the way they create them. This paper presents a stylistic analysis of the characterization of Andrew Undershaft in Bernard Shaw’s Major Barbara from a cognitive approach. The study attempts to examine how Shaw voices his view about morality, religion, and power, and the conflict that might arise among these if one has to choose one over the other(s), as represented by the main character, Andrew Undershaft, a wealthy manufacturer of weapons, who symbolizes the power emanating from the possession of both money and arms, and the titular Barbara, who symbolizes the religious power represented in a religious organization, the Salvation Army. The aim of the study is to show how Bernard Shaw’s characterization of the protagonist succeeds in voicing his own opinions as to true morality. The study also aims to examine how the reader’s impression is gradually formed about the character in question. The theoretical framework for the study is based on Culpeper’s cognitive model of characterization in play texts, and employs the tools of categorization, impression formation, the explicit cues of self-presentation and other-presentation, the implicit cues of a character's company and setting, the authorial cue of stage directions, and the speech act theory. The study concludes that through his vivid portrayal of the protagonist and the reader’s gradually formed impression about him, Shaw adroitly succeeds in conveying his vision.
In Vitro Propagation and Genetic Fidelity Assessment of Hedychium longicornutum Griff. ex Baker, a Vulnerable Zingiberaceous Plant of Thailand
Authors: Chuenboonngarm Ngarmnij , Chuengpanya Rodjanacorn , Muangkroot Atchara , Jenjittikul Thaya , Thammasiri Kanchit , Umpunjun Puangpaka , Viboonjun Unchera
Published: March 2022

Hedychium longicornutum Griff. ex Baker is a Zingiberaceous plant that has been used for traditional medicines and ornamental purposes. Though this plant is a vulnerable plant of Thailand, it has a high potential to be promoted as a new economic ornamental plant due to its exotic inflorescences. However, the usage of this valuable plant on a large scale is restricted since the population of H. longicornutum in natural habitat is limited. This current study established a micropropagation protocol to ensure sustainable use of this plant for commercial and conservation purposes. In vitro axenic plants of H. longicornutum were initiated from seeds. Optimum shoot multiplication medium was evaluated by culturing leafy-shoot bases on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 0-35 µM of N6-benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ). BA supplemented media were better than those TDZ media since no abnormalities of shoot morphology, shoot elongation, and root regeneration were found. MS supplemented with 15 µM BA was revealed to be the most effective medium for shoot multiplication (9.75 leafy-shoots/explant with 9.54 cm height). Regenerated shoots spontaneously rooted on MS medium. The in vitro raised plants were successfully grown ex vitro and showed the highest survival rate (100%) on planting substrate consisting of 2 garden soil mixture: 1 smashed charcoal. The genetic fidelity of the micropropagated plants compared with mother plants grown in the field was assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. The results consistently demonstrated the genetic uniformity of the regenerants. This is the first report of an established in vitro true-to-true type propagation in H. longicornutum.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL-WIDE POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS AND SUPPORTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD SETTINGS: A MIXED MODEL RESEARCH
Authors: MELEKOĞLU Meral , DİKEN Halil
Published: March 2022

It is important to support children’s appropriate behaviors and social skills to extinguish problem behaviors at an early stage as much as possible. Therefore, researchers are in search of effective evidence-based interventions to deal with the problem behaviors of young children. The “Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) Approach” seems to be the most widespread approach since the 2000s. PBIS aims to increase the quality of life of the child by making positive changes in the environment of the child. The study explores the effectiveness of the School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports Turkish education model (SWPIBS-TR) on problem behaviors and social skills within the early childhood settings. The intervention was carried out in four main stages and 14 steps. The study was conducted with the school managers, teachers, school staff, primary caregivers, and all children with and without disabilities in a preschool/kindergarten in Turkey. The research is mixed-method research and the "parallel convergent research" model has been adopted. The findings indicated significant decreases in the problem behaviors of children and increases in the social skills level. So, researchers, policymakers, and teachers should put the SWPBIS-TR approaches in their curriculum in Turkey.
Study The Causative agent of abortion in Babylon city by using TORCH test.
Authors: Alajeeli Fakhri , Aula H. Obaid
Published: March 2022

Abstract :   

TORCH syndrome is only one health issue. According to health experts, however, TORCH syndrome is a set of various infectious diseases. They can cause serious problems and can damage a fetus' health.

Aim of study: To detection the causative agent of abortion in Babylon city –Iraq by using TORCH test .

Material and patient :

Hundred ninety five women severed  from abortion  were  enrolled in this study .The duration of study continuous from July 2018-to June 2019. ELISA test was used for determination the titter of  IgG, IgM form all participat.

Result :The study result was showed  positive casesfor  IgM, IgG  of Toxoplasma  (94,84) respectively with percentage (57.3%,54.2%). While  negative case was showed (12,22) respectively with percentage (38.7%, 55%) .The study was showed  in CMV positive titter  case in botheIgM,IgG(65,75 ) respectively with percentage( 69.1%, 60%) .while the negative case  was  (40,31) respectively with present (40%,44.2%)

In Rubella positive  IgM, IgG was register as (19,31) with present (73% ,34%).while negative IgM,IgG  was (87,75) respectively with percentage (51%,71%).

Finally the positive result of  IgM, IgG  HSV was showed (6,31) respectively with percentage (54.5 %&53%) while the negative result is (79,65) respectively with present (43%& 46%).

Conclusion : this study was found ,the toxoplasma was the major factor for the abortion more than the viruses ,we need more study to determination of the relationship  between the  abortion and infection of viruses .
Experimental studies on the effect of Chlorpyrifos on rats. VI. Population of intestinal mast cells and hypersensitivity reactions.
Authors: Prof. Dr. Ghyath Salih Mahmoud  , Dr. Wael Adil Obaid
Published: March 2022

This study aims to know the effect of the insecticide ”Chlorpyrifos. It is one of theorganophosphorous compounds” on the increase and proliferation of Mast Cells MC) in the intestinesof rats, and 110 male rats were used for this purpose, they were divided into four groups: The first groupwas assigned as a control group. The second, third and fourth groups were dosed with specific doses ofthe insect slave Chloria brevus as mentioned in its previous study (Al-Dursi. The mucosa (Sub mucosa)and the mucosa layer (Mucosa) of the intestines of rats exposed to the insect compared to rats of thefirst group (control group).This study also showed that a large number of mast cells were scattered in themuscular layer and the submucosal layer, while the mucosa layer witnessed Fewer mast cells (especiallyin the second group of rats that received a repeated daily dose).mical Examination) that the mast cells(MC) in the muscular and submucosal layer were of sound structure and shape, but they degranulated(degranulated) and emptied their contents of vasoactive amines when they migrated to the mucous layer,especially between epithelial cells, and this confirms the occurrence of hypersensitivity (Hypersensitivityreaction) to cross into the lumen of the intestine.
IMPROVEMENT OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES FOR LUBRICANTS BY ADDING GRAPHENE CONCENTRATE
Authors: Alsaadi Dr.Dar , Ostrikov Valery , Khalaf Waad
Published: March 2022

This work is improving the performance properties of greases additives graphene concentrate. It has been established that the addition of 1% graphene concentrate to the lubricant Solidol J contributes to an increase in its anti-wear properties by more than 30 percent. With the enrichment of commercial grease Lithol-24 with graphene concentrate, a decrease in the diameter of the spot of wear of the balls was determined at the plate size from 0.36 mm to 0.30 mm. As a result of testing lubricants in rolling bearings, a decrease in the heating temperature of bearings operating on lubricants enriched with graphene concentrate was found in comparison with commercial lubricants.
Women Rights and Feminism: A Historical view
Authors: Hasan Dr.Ziya , Khan Sadia
Published: March 2022

Women‟s rights and feminism aredeeply interconnected and widely designed to give the basic idea of women position in this world. Feminism largely proliferated since the last five decades as both a multidisciplinary voice advocating for the transformation of societal behaviour towards women rights and as an area for constructing new theories.Evaluating historical development of women rights is imperatively supportive indefining the scopes of feminism and the dichotomous relations among waves of feminism.It has exposed the fight and unsolvedmysteries of women‟s rights movements.Women rights and feminism strived to accentuate the anticipated progress of equality and the delay in desired justice for half of humanity. Accordingly, this article reconstructs the elements along with ideas of feminism that can empower women and make them enthusiastic to standing for their human rights. The main focus of this proposed article is to provide readers with a historical overview and description of women‟s rights evolution and interconnection with the term feminism and is offered for those who have a keen interest in understanding these approaches to the development of women‟s rights and feminism.
Response of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to Planting Rate and Row Spacing in a High Altitude Enviroment
Authors: SEFAOĞLU Fırat , ÖZER Hakan
Published: March 2022

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), has the potential to be an important oilseed crop in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. In this region with a semi-arid climate, there is no scientific study about row spacing and planting rate in safflower. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of row spacing and planting rate on yield and agronomic properties of safflower cultivars (Dinçer and Yenice) in dry conditions, in the years 2013 and 2014. Three different row spacings (20, 40 and 60 cm) and planting rates (20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) were tested. In both study years, it was determined that seeding rate, row spacing and cultivars have significant effects on plant growth, yield and yield components. The cultivars responded similarly to both treatments that row spacing and planting norm in terms of seed yield in both research years. It was determined that the examined plant characters were significantly affected by the treatments, and the oil concentration, seed, and oil yield increased with increased row spacing and planting rate. The results obtained from this study emphasize the importance of the choice of suitable row spacing and planting rate in safflower production in semi-arid environments and the seed yield in safflower could be increased by narrow plantings (i.e.the 20 and 40 cm row spacings with 60 kg ha-1planting rate.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the anxiety levels of patients admitted to emergency departments
Authors: Solakoğlu Görkem Alper , Nuhoğlu Çağatay , Nuhoğlu Seda , Açıksarı Kurtuluş
Published: March 2022

Aim: We aim to research the effect the COVID-19 pandemic has on the anxiety levels of patients admitted to emergency departments. Materials and Methods: This study involves 205 patients over the age of 18 who have been admitted to emergency departments. Patients have been separated into two groups according to being clinically suspected of SARS-CoV-2. Each patient is analyzed using the GAD-7 anxiety questionnaire through a face-to-face survey. Results: No significant difference exists between the self-suspected COVID-19 and control groups’ anxiety levels; however, patients self-suspected of COVID-19 stated having experienced the problem of not being able to relax more often than the control group stated. Discussion and Conclusion: Because the COVID-19 pandemic has increased social anxiety due to illness anxiety, similar results have been obtained in all patients admitted to emergency departments.
Mulher colonial: sesmarias, concessão de terras e o cotidiano feminino em mato grosso (1750–1822)
Authors: Augusto Bruno
Published: March 2022

Este livro discute a política de controle colonial de conquistar e manter terras na América portuguesa, entre os anos de 1750 até 1822. O estudo entendeu que a capitania de Mato Grosso estaria inserida nas relações de poder entre Portugal e Espanha pelo controle da América. A documentação aqui trabalhada possibilitou apreender que habitantes mato-grossenses utilizaram de astúcias cotidianas para buscar seus direitos à posse de terras, seja pela forma de compra, herança ou casamento. Como consideração final do estudo, mulheres e homens recorriam a Portugal para alargar suas posses de terras com variadas justificativas, seja para o sustento, criação de seus filhos ou pela sociedade com algum vizinho. Dessa forma, os sujeitos históricos exibiram conhecimento do sistema jurisdicional metropolitano e, quando encontrada alguma oportunidade, acionavam-no em busca de aumentar os seus negócios. Sendo assim, trouxemos para a discussão não apenas homens interessados pela busca da terra, mas também mulheres, atestando, com isso, que elas estariam ativamente entrelaçadas com a economia colonial e com os projetos políticos da metrópole.
The Efficacy of Probiotics in Treatment of Helicobacter
Authors: Al-Khazraji Khalid Abdulla , Abbas Karam Khudheir , Mohammed Ahmed Emad , Hashim Mohammed Kamal , Hashim Mahmood Kamal , Abdulla Safia Khalid , Abdulla Mohammed Khalid , Khudhair Issam Hadi , Abbas Wissam Khudhair
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The standard triple therapy has lost a considerable proportion in it efficiency in treating Helicobacter pylori infection. As such several alternatives and adjuvants have been proposed. One the most promising modulation is the supplementation this therapy with probiotics.

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of probiotic supplementation to traditional triple therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection and alleviation of side effects.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study included 310 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with gastritis or dyspepsia and infected with H. pylori. Patients were randomly divided into three groups based on treatment regimes. Group A: 100 patients received triple therapy consisting of omeprazole, amoxicillin and levofloxacin for two weeks. Group B: 100 patients received tinidazole, levofloxacin and omerprazole for two weeks. Group C: 110 patients received the second protocol plus the probiotic. All patients were reinvestigated four weeks after accomplished treatment by stool antigen test for H. pylori.

RESULTS: The rate of successful H. pylori eradication was 77.74%. In multivariate analysis, each of age≤ 35 years (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.28-0.93), being married (OR= 0.37, 95%CI=0.21-0.71), never smoker (OR= 0.55, 95%CI=0.32-0.95) and treatment regime with triple therapy supplemented probiotics (OR= 3.36, 95%CI=2.5-21.7) were significantly associated with increased the eradication rate. The overall incidence of side effect in group C was (7.27%) was lower than that B (19%) with significant difference, and group A (15%) with no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of probiotics as an additive for the standard triple therapy significantly increases the eradication of H. pylori and may reduce the incidence of side effect of the traditional therapy.
Ứng dụng lưu chất CO2 siêu tới hạn trong nghiên cứu và sản xuất
Authors: Ngân Đoàn Thị , Nguyên Lê Trần Thảo , Hạnh Hoàng Hồng , Quang Bùi Minh , Tuyên Nguyễn Lê , Minh Lê Văn
Published: March 2022

Sử dụng công nghệ siêu tới hạn trong nghiên cứu và sản xuất đang được phát triển mạnh mẽ, đặc biệt đối với lưu chất carbon dioxide vì nhiều ưu điểm vượt trội của công nghệ và dung môi này.  Một số công nghệ chiết tách truyền thống khó đạt được hiệu suất chiết cao và khó áp dụng vào các công thức phối chế trong các loại thực phẩm, dược phẩm hoặc ứng dụng trực tiếp vào sản phẩm mỹ phẩm cao cấp do hoạt chất bị phân huỷ, lẫn tạp các sản phẩm phụ và cặn độc hại. Bài viết giới thiệu tổng quan những nghiên cứu gần đây và khả năng ứng dụng sản xuất trong nước nhằm nâng cao giá trị các sản phẩm truyền thống đồng thời đáp ứng các yêu cầu đa dạng của thị trường hiện nay.
Nghiên cứu ứng dụng hạt nano béo rắn bao giữ dầu gấc (Momordica cocochinenis Spreng.) (SLNs-Gấc) vào nền kem dưỡng da
Authors: Cang Mai Quỳnh , Nhan Lê Thị Hồng
Published: March 2022

Hệ huyền phù nano chất béo rắn (SLN) bao giữ dầu gấc được tạo ra dựa vào việc sử dụng nền Emulgade SE-PETM, với các tỷ lệ nguyên liệu và điều kiện đồng hóa tối ưu đã được nghiên cứu sẽ được phối vào nền kem dưỡng da. Song song với mẫu SLN GẤC, mẫu đối chứng SLN FREE được tạo ra để so sánh quá trình bao giữ dầu gấc của hệ. Phối hệ SLN GẤC và hệ SLN FREE vào nền kem ở các tỷ lệ 5%, 10%, 15% và kiểm tra độ bền của kem qua các tác động ly tâm, siêu âm, sốc nhiệt, lưu ở các nhiệt độ 10oC, nhiệt độ phòng và 45oC thông qua đo màu và đo độ cứng của kem. Kết quả cho thấy màu sắc kem khi được phối SLN GẤC và SLN FREE biến đổi chậm ở 10oC và nhanh ở 45oC, kem không bị tách lớp nền kem ổn định.
Teneligliptin versus vildagliptin in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin
Authors: Rizvi Nida , Ahmad Jameel , Ahmad Farida , Siddiqi Sheelu Shafiq
Published: March 2022

India is heading towards being the diabetes capital of the world indicating that every fifth diabetic in the world is an Indian. The aim to prevent and control diabetic complications can be achieved with a target of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) less than 7.0%. There is an urgent need for a cost-effective and safer therapeutic approach for the management of type 2 diabetes. The primary objective was to compare the reduction in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2-h PPG), and HbA1c, in Group-1and Group-2 at 6, 12, 18 and, 24 weeks with baseline values of two groups. This was a 24-week, randomized, open-label study. Patients with type 2 diabetes who were inadequately controlled on Metformin (850mg, twice a day) were randomized into two groups, Group-1(Metformin 850mg, twice daily added with Vildagliptin 50mg, twice daily) and Group 2(Metformin 850mg, twice daily added with Teneligliptin 20mg, once a day). Reductions in fasting plasma glucose, 2 hours postprandial plasma and HbA1c in the vildagliptin group (Group1) were comparable with the teneligliptin group (Group2). Patients in both groups showed similar tolerability with lesser episodes of hypoglycemia and, are weight neutral. Teneligliptin is noninferior to vildagliptin in controlling glycaemic parameters and shows similar tolerability.
Caste Discrimination and Social Change in India
Authors: Bhagat Ms. Rajni
Published: March 2022

The origin and traces of the caste system and discrimination on its basis can be traced back to the ancient period of India. Social changes have taken place to a great extent due to the practice of caste discrimination in India. We find roots of caste and racial system with the arrival of Aryans in India. The society got divided into two segments, i.e., Dasayas and Dasuyas, i.e., original inhabitants and the Aryans. During the Vedic period we find the existence of caste system reflected in the Varna system, i.e., Brahmins,Kshatriya, Vaishyas and Sudras. It was based on the type of profession one adopted in his life, and a person could change profession, i.e., a warrior could become a priest, or a priest could become a ruler.With the passage of time during the ancient period, one more class in the society emerged, i.e., Chandals. They were treated as untouchables, and they did not find any place in the Varnas system. The social injustice on the basis of caste system and discrimination has affected the Indian society of Hinduism to a great extent. It has affected the unity and communal harmony among different sections of the Indian society, especially Hinduism. Only privileged classes were given the education and honored jobs. It led to the deplorable condition of the masses, which belonged to lower strata of society. Ultimately these sections of the society were ignored and became socially and economically backward. During modern times the British Govt. tried to encash every possible opportunity to make their rule lasting and stable by divide and rule policy. After 1857 the British government designed the army on the basis of caste, religion and regional basis. Many social reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Jyotiba Phule, Swami Vivekananda and other social reformers tried to reform caste system in India by promoting education among the Sudras and Dalits.Dr. B.R Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian constitution, also tried to bring the socially and economically weaker section of the society at par with the other privileged sections of the society by spreading education and awareness among them. Special provisions have been made in the constitution for their social and economic upliftment through the reservation system. There has been a great change in social and economic status of the deprived sections of Indian society. But, their social and economic status has not improved to the desired level. We often come across through electronic and other media cases of discrimination and atrocities committed on the people based on the Caste system.
Library Learning and Information Services of Library, its Setup, and Type of Library
Authors: Payal  , Gupta Dr. Pradeep Kumar
Published: March 2022

A library is an assortment of materials, books or media that are effectively available for use and not only for show purposes. It is liable for lodging refreshed data to address the client's issues consistently. A Library gives physical (printed versions archives) or computerized admittance (delicate duplicates) materials, and might be an actual area or a virtual space, or both. A library's assortment can remember printed materials and other actual assets for some arrangements like DVDs, Cds and Tape just as admittance to data, music or other substance hung on bibliographic data sets. A library, which may fluctuate broadly in size, might be coordinated for use and kept up by a public body like an administration, organization/schools, a partnership, or a private person. As well as giving materials, libraries likewise offer the types of assistance of administrators who are prepared and specialists at finding, choosing, flowing and sorting out data and at deciphering data needs, exploring and breaking down extremely a lot of data with an assortment of assets. Consequently, custodians go an additional mile to address the client's issue by guaranteeing that their clients are happy with the data provided.[citation needed] A Curator is one individual who is relied upon to be exceptionally dynamic and inventive particularly in this advanced world.
Analisis Profitabilitas dan Leverage Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak : PengungkapanCSR sebagai Variabel moderasi
Authors: Candra Dewi Ida
Published: March 2022

The study aims to test the effect of profitability and leverage on tax aggressiveness with CSR disclosure as a moderation variable. This study used samples obtained from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020, using the purposive sampling method with a sample number of 39 companies with 147 annual financial statements.
The method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis to prove the effect of profitability and leverage on tax aggressiveness. Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) test to prove the effect of CSR disclosure in moderating profitability and laverage on tax aggressiveness.
The results of this study show that profitability has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Leverage has no effect on tax aggressiveness. CSR disclosure cannot moderate the positive relationship of profitability to tax aggressiveness. CSR disclosure cannot moderate the influence of leverage on tax aggressiveness. This research is an update of the research conducted by Sidik & Suhono, (2020) by adding CSR disclosure variables as moderation variables.
Nilai-Nilai Kristiani Bagi Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru
Authors: Wenas Maria Lidya , Br Simamora Elsi Susanti , Maharin Maharin , Candra Joni Apri , Priskila Rifka
Published: March 2022

Dalam melaksanakan tugas keprofesionalannya, seorang guru harus memiliki kompetensi yang dihayati dan dikuasainya. Salah satu kompetensi dalam profesi seorang guru adalah memiliki kepribadian yang mantap, selain kecakapan dalam mengajar. Sebagai guru Agama Kristen maka penting untuk membangun konsep kepribadian yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai kekristenan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah pendekatan penelitian pustaka yang diambil dari berbagai sumber pustaka termasuk beberapa penelitian yang terpublikasi. Guru agama Kristen adalah guru yang mencerminkan sosok pribadi Yesus sebagai teladan. Guru agama Kristen harus mengenal dirinya dan panggilannya sebagai seorang yang dipilih Tuhan untuk menjadi pendidik dan pengajar; mampu menguasai diri dalam segala keadaan, baik keinginan dan harapan serta memiliki kestabilan emosi; memiliki kasih sejati yang terpancar dalam kehidupan kesehariannya dengan sesama; kematangan dalam kehidupan spiritualnya; serta terus mengembangkan diri dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya sebagai guru.
Pengaruh Minat Baca Alkitab Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kerohanian Mahasiswa
Authors: Lase Herman Julisto , Subambang Bagus , Santosa Budi , Sirait Samuel
Published: March 2022

Minat baca Alkitab di kalangan remaja pada masa sekarang ini, banyak dijumpai remaja yang kurang minat dalam membaca Alkitab oleh karena hal itulah pengetahuan tentang isi Firman Tuhan dikalangan remaja kurang, bahkan tidak memiliki pengetahuan apa-apa terkait dengan Firman Tuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan minat baca Alkitab dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh minat baca Alkitab terhadap pertumbuhan kerohanian mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif noneksperimen yakni penelitian Kuantitatif Regresi (sederhana) yang berarti suatu teknik kuantitatif statistika yang digunakan untuk meramal atau memprediksi suatu nilai dari suatu luaran variabel terikat berdasarkan satu variabel bebas di dalam suatu persamaan regresi, dengan menggunakan analisis data statistik IBM SPSS 20.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minat baca Alkitab memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan memiliki nilai sebesar 21.3%. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian ini telah membuktikan hipotesis bahwa minat baca Alkitab dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kerohanian mahasiswa sekolah tinggi teologi Tabernakel Indonesia.
Musik Menurut Alkitab dan Implikasinya Dalam Ibadah Kristen
Authors: Resa Junias  , Onibala Niomey Selen S. , Sofia Margareta
Published: March 2022

Musik gerejawi menjadi benar maknanya bila dipahami berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung dalam firman Allah. Dengan memiliki pemahaman yang benar akan makna, tujuan, siapa, dan bagaimana serta kapan musik gerejawi itu dilakukan, maka penyembahan kita kepada Allah melalui musik dan nyanyian akan membangun iman dan memuliakan Allah. Musik dan nyanyian gerejawi mutlak didasari oleh kehendak Allah. Musik gerejawi bukan merupakan pilihan, melainkan kewajiban bagi setiap gereja sebagai respon atas karya penebusan Allah dalam hidupnya. Musik dan nyanyian gerejawi bukan dalam rangka sebagai pengantar antar unsur yang satu dengan unsur lainnya dalam sebuah susunan acara liturgi, dan bukan pula dalam rangka suatu aktivitas kegiatan bersama yang menyenangkan untuk menyanyikan lagu-lagu kesayangan. Perjumpaan dengan Allah melalui karya pemeliharaan-Nya pada setiap waktu, itulah yang menjadi motor yang menggerakkan musik dan nyanyian pujian kepada Allah.
NGHIÊN CỨU, XÂY DỰNG CÁC NGƯỠNG KÍCH HOẠT LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN MƯA LỚN VÀ GIÓ MẠNH TRONG BÃO PHỤC VỤ HOẠT ĐỘNG CỨU TRỢ
Authors: Vũ Văn Thăng , Trần Đình Trọng , Tạ Hữu Chỉnh , Phùng Thị Mỹ Linh , Lương Tuấn Minh
Published: March 2022

Bài báo trình bày phương pháp tính toán, xác địch các ngưỡng kích hoạt khi có bão hoạt động để các cơ quan, tổ chức chính phủ và phi chính phủ có biện pháp triển khai các hoạt động ứng phó và cứu trợ. Ngưỡng kích hoạt được xây dựng dựa trên quan hệ giữa lượng mưa tích lũy cực đại trong ba ngày, gió cực đại khi bão đổ bộ và số liệu thiệt hại như số nhà bị cuốn trôi, tốc mái. Phương pháp hồi qui hàm mũ được ứng dụng để xây dựng mô hình dự báo thiệt hại gây ra do tác động của bão. Nghiên cứu chỉ ra ngưỡng cảnh báo kích hoạt đối với lượng mưa tích lũy ba ngày là 429mm và gió cực đại khi bão đổ bộ là 25 ms-1. Kết quả này, được ứng dụng để xây dựng qui trình giám sát, cứu trợ khi có bão.
Muscle activity alternations in preadolescent swimmers with shoulder pain
Authors: Kowalska Joanna , Kopacz Karolina , Fronczek Magdalena , Padula Gianluca , Domżalski Marcin
Published: March 2022

Background. Shoulder pain is the most often declared musculoskeletal injury among swimmers. It evolves due to overuse injuries and/or functional disorders, which may result from neuromuscular control deficits. The aim of this study was to check the epidemiology of shoulder pain in preadolescent swimmers and to check the muscle activity of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscles comparing two groups of athletes.
Material and methods. 22 swimmers from one team were divided in two groups: those with the history of shoulder pain and those without any previous syndromes. After functional examination of the shoulder region, we performed surface electromyography examination during the shoulder flexion in scapular plane.
Results. 27% of the whole group reported at least one episode of shoulder pain. Con­cerning electromyography examination, we observed increased serratus anterior activity in symptomatic group (p-value=0,0245)
Conclusions. 1. Preadolescent swimmers aged 10-14 present previous episodes of the shoulder pain but its prevalence is lesser comparing to the adult athletes. 2. Previous pain episodes may alter the electromyographic recording and may be considered as a protective mechanism but they can also change the shoulder mechanics.
Full Taxation
Authors: Parada Leopoldo
Published: March 2022

It has recently been argued in the international tax literature that the OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting project (BEPS) reflects and effectuates full taxation, namely an international norm that would suggest that all of a company’s income should be taxed in places where it has real business activities, representing a modern approach to the single-taxation paradigm. This Article builds upon the concept of full taxation and argues that although rhetorically attractive, the concept is still conceptually inconsistent, particularly because it is incapable of providing any hints as regards where and who should finally be taxed. Moreover, it adopts an overinclusive and instrumental approach, the purpose of which appears to be only to legitimatise the use of coordinated provisions whose rationale attends exclusively to avoid the complete absence of taxation in cross-border transactions. This approach, innocuous at first sight, suggests however the unprincipled purpose of taxation just for the sake of taxation, putting at risk countries wishing to attract real economic activities and stigmatising the outcome of double non-taxation in a permanent way.
Well-known phenomenon, new setting: Digital stress in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nitsch Cordula , Kinnebrock Susanne
Published: March 2022

Digital stress caused by the proliferation and omnipresence of digital media has been attracting scientific interest for several years. The physical contact restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have further increased the importance of digital media in people’s professional and private lives. This article investigates the consequences of this new situation for people’s perceptions of digital stress. It applies a lifeworld perspective and considers several individual and situational factors. Our study was based on semi-structured interviews with German adults. Five key findings emerged: (1) during the pandemic, digital stress was predominantly caused by home office work; (2) already-known stressors were amplified in home offices; (3) digital devices contributed to the dissolution of boundaries between work and private life; (4) people experienced multiple stressors simultaneously, both digital and analog; (5) the private use of digital media was not associated with stress but perceived as saving social connections. Furthermore, the results show that the experience of digital stress is highly dependent on situational contexts and individual lifestyles.
Reduktion des unrealistischen Optimismus in einer nationalen Tabakpräventionskampagne in der Schweiz
Authors: Poggiolini Claudia , Wirth Werner
Published: March 2022

Furchtappelle können ihre Wirkung verfehlen, wenn Rauchende abwehrend darauf reagieren, zum Beispiel indem sie die dargestellten Gesundheitsrisiken für sich selbst als irrelevant einstufen. Damit unterschätzen sie ihr persönliches Gesundheitsrisiko gegenüber dem Gesundheitsrisiko, das sie anderen Rauchenden zuschreiben (unrealistischer Optimismus). Dieser Vorgang behindert den Rauchstopp-Prozess. Aus diesem Grund beinhaltete die schweizweite nationale Tabakpräventionskampagne SmokeFree 2015-2017 einen TV-Spot (target-spot), der diesen unrealistischen Optimismus direkt ansprach. Es wurde eine Längsschnittbefragung in zwei Wellen mit einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von 724 Rauchenden in der Schweiz durchgeführt. Wie erwartet wurde der unrealistische Optimismus reduziert, wenn der target-Spot gesehen wurde. Zudem zeigte sich ein klassischer Wear-in/Wear-out Effekt, also ein umgekehrt U-förmiger Persuasionseffekt der Expositionshäufigkeit des target-Spots auf die Verringerung des unrealistischen Optimismus. Die Absicht zum Rauchstopp erhöhte sich, je stärker der unrealistische Optimismus reduziert wurde. Im Gegensatz zum target-Spot vermochten andere Kampagneninhalte den unrealistischen Optimismus nicht zu reduzieren, obschon auch sie Gesundheitsrisiken des Rauchens ansprachen. Damit zeigt die vorliegende Studie, dass es sich lohnt, dem Phänomen des unrealistischen Optimismus durch gezielte Ansprache entgegenzuwirken und somit die Absicht zum Rauchstopp zu erhöhen. Implikationen für die Tabakprävention und für zukünftige Forschung werden diskutiert.
Requests and Linguistic Politeness Strategies: A Case Study of Igbo English Speakers in Nigeria
Authors: Dozie Chinomso P. , Chinedu-Oko Chioma N. , Anyanwu Patricia N. , Egwim Favour O. , Otagburuagu Emeka J.
Published: March 2022

This article examined the Igbo native speakers’ perception of request act as well as the linguistic politeness strategies used to achieve this communicative intention in their conversational English as bilinguals. The study participants were 2748 undergraduate Igbo native speakers purposively selected from different Federal and State Universities in the core Igbo-speaking states of South-east/South-south Nigeria. To elicit data, a 10-item discourse completion task (DCT) with guided options written in English and designed to evoke politeness strategies in request discourse projecting hypothetical situations was administered to the participants. The results showed that the study samples brought to fore their sociocultural expectations as Igbo by adopting principally the directness strategy in performing the request act. Also, findings revealed that the participants paid attention to certain sociolinguistic variables such as hierarchy, extent of familiarity, which contributed to the variance, observed in their choice of strategies in some contexts. Furthermore, the study noted a measure of linguistic transfer of a tinge of the native language to the target language (English language) as participants tried to fulfill the communicative goals of the request act in the target language. Notably, the findings demonstrated the possibility of communication breakdowns arising from grammatically correct but pragmatically inappropriate utterances from learners hence the need to further emphasize pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic consciousness - the dearth of which has been implicated in the study.
On Localization Translation Teaching Mode in Local Colleges from the Perspective of New Liberal Arts
Authors: Shen Huijia
Published: March 2022

The construction of new liberal arts emphasizes the humanism of technology, that is, humanities + information technology. With the development of economic globalization and information technology, localization industry came into being. Localization is a new service integrating language technology, information technology and project management technology. The localization industry has an increasing demand for professional talents with professional translation skills and proficient use of translation tools. In the next five years, the localization industry will provide lots of employment opportunities for English majors. For teaching translation to English majors in local colleges, combining the specific situation of local colleges, and based on the characteristics of localization translation, innovating the teaching mode is the key to ensure the cultivation of localized applied translators. Taking Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Dongfang College as an example, this paper puts forward a new translation teaching model of “Minor Course”, “Learning by Doing” and “Classroom + Practice” to ensure the teaching effect of localization translation.
The Politics of Anthologizing Women’s Writing from India: The Role of Translation
Authors: Tripathi Apoorva
Published: March 2022

This paper explores the emergence of an Indian Literature across various periods of Indian history, and the dependence of this national literature upon the anthology form. It investigates how the politics of the anthology form, specifically those of women’s writing, are closely linked to the politics of gender and nationalism, paying close attention to the exclusions and inequalities that are produced by homogenized notions of Indianness and Indian Literature. Through a comparative analysis of three selected anthologies of women’s writing, I analyze how texts are selected for anthologizing, how the anthology is arranged and narrativized, how the reader’s reception of the text is guided through its formal aspects, and how much space is given to translation and translators. The crucial role of translation in the production of such anthologies is underlined throughout the paper, and I contend that feminist translation praxis could be a viable method and approach to intervene in the socio-literary sphere of gender and nationalism.
The Influence of the Arabic Language in the Sicilian Dialect and in Camilleri’s Vigatese
Authors: El Hajj Maya
Published: March 2022

This paper highlights the richness associated with having several dialects within the same Italian language system, and specifically discusses the Sicilian dialect that was highly affected by Arabic. The article will also go back historically to introduce “Siqilliya,” examining the Arabic Sicilian lexicology to demonstrate syntactic constructions typically relevant to the Arabic language, and thus exposing the Sicilian Arabism. My main target is to show, through different examples, the interaction between the Sicilian and Arabic languages at the cultural, syntactic, lexicological and grammatical levels. I will also trace some terms used by Andrea Camilleri through his “Commissario Montalbano,” which have become a “modo di dire” or way of speaking that has become an integral part of the Italian language.
Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Force Employed in the Translation Industry of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhatnai Mubarak
Published: March 2022

The on-going pandemic caused by COVID-19 has undoubtedly created huge impact not only to human health but to livelihood as well. The translation industry is a key player in the economy of multi-linguistic nations like Saudi Arabia, and the labor market inherent to it faces imminent challenges posed by this global health crisis. It is the intention of this study to look into the economic status of translators working in Saudi Arabia in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Email interviews were conducted to random translators from different agencies in the country. After a thorough descriptive analysis of their pre- and post-COVID labor situation, it was found that there was generally a decrease in income of the translators whose portfolio is comprised by the translation business by 50%. Nonetheless, there are very few of those who consider translation as the main source of income who benefitted from the situation. Translation rates also had to be reduced by 7% to 8% in order to become competitive in the market. This applies to the various sectors utilizing translation services including post-editing machine translation, transcreation, and localized engineering, among others. However, among the sectors covered in this study, the demand for translation services was observed to be most significant in the healthcare, life sciences, and medical and pharmaceutical sectors. It is then the hope of this study to contribute knowledge in finding effective means to alleviate the economic conditions of translators who, in one way or another, could be considered as frontliners in this trying time.
Notes from the editor
Authors: Nimehchisalem Vahid
Published: March 2022

Thanks to our distinguished authors, reviewers, and editorial board members, who made this possible, we are now releasing our first issue of Volume 10.
Shared Narrative – Analysis on Finnish Socio-Educational Policy and National Broadcasting (YLE) Literacy during COVID-19 Variants 2021
Authors: Loima Jyrki
Published: March 2022

This case study analyzed the Finnish National Broadcasting Company (YLE) literacy on socio-educational policies during the alpha and delta variant strategic turns 2021. The data comprised YLE releases, interdisciplinary global research, pandemic literacies, and statements of politicians/officials. Limitations occurred mainly in the data plenitude. Alpha variant caused socio-political responses maneuvered by politicians and officials. YLE supported without socially participating, competence-enhancing or motivating civic information. NPIs were linked to the political promises of national pandemic end during the summer. International pandemic studies were excluded from nationalized narrative, in which YLE strategically emphasized mutual experience, shared story, and approaching happy end. In August 2021, previously promised “liberation” was too close to change the narrative. Instead of delta mitigation, officials and politicians fortified the narrative towards the end. YLE conducted a closing story. Releases replaced international studies and responses with a small circle of domestic experts, who repeated the narrative they previously had manifested. No NPIs occurred, but remaining ones were lifted despite the rising incidence numbers. Conclusively, the lacking research in the YLE contributions indicated the absence of research literacy among politicians and reporters. Consequently, occurring sidetracks used modern nationalism rhetoric, supporting the main narrative. Children’s ‘absolute’ right was on-site schooling, regardless of safety research or practices developed abroad. In further studies, the post-pandemic status and goals of Finnish education need comparative reassessments other than a “trust”.
The Use of Fundamental Rights as Active And Responsible Citizens: Tendencies of Social Studies Teacher Candidates
Authors: Gürel Davut
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the tendencies of social studies teacher candidates, whose primary purpose is to raise active and responsible citizens, towards the use of fundamental rights. The study adopted a survey methodology and reached a total of 356 students studying in the Social Studies Teacher Education undergraduate program at 7 universities in different regions of Turkey. The data collected from these students with a Likert-type survey of ten dimensions, consisting of 48 items and five options, were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 package program. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. The analysis of the collected data showed that the scores obtained from the sub-factors of the survey, access to court and exercising consumer rights, differed significantly in favor of women, and conscious citizenship and taking responsibility differed significantly in favor of men. While none of the scores obtained from all sub-dimensions of the survey differed significantly according to the place of residence of the students, the right to petition, the right to lockout, the right to access court and conscious citizenship and taking responsibility differed according to the undergraduate class level. The overall assessment of the results is that the tendencies towards the exercise of fundamental rights do not differ significantly by students’ gender, class level and place of residence, and the overall tendencies in exercising these rights are above average, but not very high.