bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technological preparation science intensive improvement in multiproduct production
Authors: Вороненко Владимир , Voronenko Vladimir , Седых Михаил , Sedykh Mishail , Шашин Андрей , Shashin Andrey
Published: August 2018

Time decrease in technological pre-production in multiproduct production is possible at the expense of the development of a method which takes into account current information of a production section.
Pemikiran Politik Islam Klasik (Studi Awal Atas Perspektif Kalangan Sunni)
Authors: Fadli Yusuf
Published: August 2018

One of the characteristics of Islamic political thought in classical era is not questioning the position of religion and state, whether integrated or separated. The debate that occurred in the classical era revolves around the mandatory establishment of a state, how to choose the head of state, and the conditions that must be owned by the head of state. Furthermore, the development of political thought also tends to be a response to the existing sociopolitical conditions. The emergence of Sunni itself is a form of anxiety over the perspective constructed by groups which tend to discredit the Prophet’s companion’s position which is considered by some opposing circles to have committed treason. For the Sunnis, the leadership after the Prophet Muhammad’s death was open–not limited to the possession of ahl bayt. Whatever the background, if deemed feasible and competent then he can be proposed to be a leader. Thus, the appointment of the caliph as a legitimate ruler depends on the specific qualities of the future leader. Keywords: Political Islam, sunni, religion and state, caliph
ANALISA PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PERSEDIAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTTY (STUDI KASUS DI PT. XYZ)
Authors: Ruslan Hermanto
Published: August 2018

Kapasitas produksi yang optimal dengan sediaan bahan yang cukup dapat meningkatkan efisiensi produksi didalam suatu industri manufaktur. Menghindari persediaan bahan baku yang berlebihan akan menaikkan modal kerja yang dapat digunakan dengan lebih produktif di tempat lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah bagaimana kebijakan yang dilakukan PT.XYZ dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap persediaan bahan baku mesin diesel model TF 85 MLY untuk kelancaran proses produksi.Masalah yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana mengendalikan kuantitas (unit) bahan yang akan diolah atau dibeli sebagai bagian (jumlah lot) sehingga seluruh biaya yang terkait dengan pengolahan atau pembelian menjadi minimum. Metode EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) merupakan salah satu teknik yang digunakan secara luas untuk pengendalian persediaan. Dari hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan EOQ yang telah diterapkan pada material lokal kelompok A, pengeluaran dapat dihemat sebesar Rp. 24.114.173 dari biaya total yang dikeluarkan PT. XYZ dalam setahun. Hasil perhitungan dengan atau tanpa menggunakan metode EOQ yang tidak terlalu signifikan, turut dipengaruhi oleh penerapan kebijakan PT. XYZ dengan para pemasoknya yang belum sesuai, oleh karena masih banyaknya supplier yang tidak memenuhi standar PT. XYZ baik dalam hal pengiriman maupun technical.          Kata kunci: EOQ, Persediaan, Bahan Baku, Kapasitas Produksi (jumlah 3-5 kata)
PERANCANGAN POMPA SENTRIFUGAL DAN DIAMETER LUAR IMPELLER UNTUK KEBUTUHAN AIR KAPASITAS 60 LPM DI GEDUNG F DAN D UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
Authors: Candra Riki
Published: August 2018

Pompa sentrifugal adalah jenis pompa yang bekerja berdasarkan energi kinetik dan energi potensial, yaitu mengubah energy kecepatan menjadi energi tekanan dan energi kecepatan. Pompa merupakan salah satu jenis mesin yang berfungsi untuk memindahkan zat cair dari suatu tempat ke tempat yang diinginkan. Pada gedung F dan D di Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang digunakan untuk mengambil air dalam tanah menuju ke tendon air di atap gedung.Pada Gedung F dan gedung D di Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang diambil rata-rata kapasitas 60 LPM untuk kedua gedung, dan dilakukan perhitungan total Head sebesar 92,87 m berdasarkan panjang pipa dan kerugian-kerugian yang terjadi, sehingga didapat daya poros 2,6 kW pada gedung F dan gedung D, kemudian dapat ditentukan masing-masing daya motor penggerak dengan mengkalikan safety factor sebesar 1.15.Berdasarkan perbandingan antara daya poros dengan daya motor, maka nilai efisiensi untuk pompa F dan D adalah sebesar 35%. Untuk itu dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa efisiensi pompa tersebut diambil agar safety factor pompa tersebut tinggi. Sehingga didapat hasil perhitungan diameter luar impeller sebesar 246 mm, yang merupakan acuan teoritis untuk ukuran diameter.
Evaluación en 18 horas de la dinámica cardiaca con la ley matemática de los sistemas dinámicos
Authors: Prieto Bohórquez Signed Esperanza , Rodríguez Velásquez Javier Oswaldo , Correa Herrera Catalina , Pardo Oviedo Juan Mauricio , Ardila Javier
Published: August 2018

Introducción: una ley exponencial se ha hallado para los sistemas dinámicos caóticos cardiacos, logrando cuantificar las diferencias entre dinámicas cardiacas normales y  patológicas.

Metodología: Se analizaron 120 registros electrocardiográficos, 40 correspondían a sujetos dentro de los límites de normalidad y 80 con diferentes patologías. Para cada holter se analizaron los atractores generados con los datos durante 18 horas y durante toda la dinámica. Se calculó la dimensión fractal del atractor y su ocupación espacial. A estas medidas se aplicó la evaluación matemática diagnostica desarrollada previamente, comparando la evaluación para 18 horas y para todo el registro; finalmente se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad y coeficiente Kappa.

Resultados: Para las dinámicas normales los espacios de ocupación en la rejilla Kp estuvieron entre 200 y 381 en la evaluación de la totalidad del holter, y entre 201 y 384 en la evaluación durante 18 horas, mostrando la cercanía en las medidas, lo que permite que la disminución en el tiempo de la evaluación sea consistente, esta misma cercanía se observó para las dinámicas enfermas y agudas.
Conclusión: Se evidenció la aplicabilidad clínica en 18 horas de la ley exponencial en la dinámica cardiaca caótica asociada a arritmias mostrando ser de utilidad para la predicción de la evolución hacia estados agudos de la dinámica.
Factores asociados con el síndrome de Burnout en médicos y enfermeras, Perú 2014.
Authors: Beas Renato , Anduaga-Beramendi Alexander , Maticorena-Quevedo Jesus , Mayta-Tristán Percy
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al Síndrome de Burnout (SB) en trabajadores de salud del Perú en el año 2014.

Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico mediante un análisis secundario de la Encuesta Nacional de Usuarios de Salud del año 2014 en Perú. El SB fue medido mediante el Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, también un análisis bivariado y multivariado calculando los valores de p y los OR crudos y ajustados mediante Regresión Logística.

Resultados: La prevalencia del SB en los profesionales de la salud fue 2,8%, encontrándose asociadas las variables: género, tiempo en el sector salud, horas de trabajo e ingreso mensual total.

Conclusiones: Se encontró que los factores asociados al SB en el personal de Perú en el año 2014 fueron el género, el tiempo en el sector salud, las horas de trabajo y el ingreso mensual total.

 
Vigilancia de la sensibilidad a penicilina en Streptococcus agalactiae recuperados de embarazadas entre las 35-37 semanas de gestación
Authors: Müller Velázquez Lucía , Bobadilla Fernando , Novosak Marina , Cortese Iliana , Laczeski Margarita
Published: August 2018

Streptococcus agalactiae (SGB) es causa de infecciones severas en menores de tres meses. Meningitis, neumonía y sepsis son los principales cuadros en estos niños. Estas infecciones se encuentran entre las más graves que puede sufrir un individuo en sus primeras doce horas de vida. El niño adquiere la infección por transmisión vertical de la madre colonizada. Para prevenir la enfermedad neonatal se recomienda penicilina como droga de elección en la profilaxis intraparto (PIP) en embarazadas colonizadas. Sin embargo, actualmente se han detectado cepas con sensibilidad disminuida a penicilina por lo que resulta importante realizar la vigilancia de la sensibilidad al mismo para asegurar su utilidad durante la profilaxis. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la sensibilidad a penicilina en cepas de SGB recuperados de mujeres embarazadas de 35-37 semanas de gestación. Se estudiaron 96 aislamientos y se determinó la sensibilidad por método epsilométrico Etest® (LIOFILCHEM, Italia), siguiendo las recomendaciones del Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Se obtuvo la Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima (CIM) para cada aislamiento bacteriano. El 100% (96) de las cepas estudiadas fue sensible a penicilina con valores de CIM comprendidos entre 0,012 y 0,094 µg mL-1. Estos resultados indican que penicilina sigue siendo el antimicrobiano de elección durante la profilaxis intraparto, para la prevención de la enfermedad neonatal causada por SGB en nuestra región. Se destaca la importancia de la vigilancia epidemiológica de la sensibilidad a penicilina y a otros antimicrobianos para alertar sobre nuevos mecanismos de resistencia y adecuar estrategias de tratamiento.
Metilprednisolona en brotes de enfermedades inmunomediadas: relación entre dosis, efectividad y seguridad. Estudio Piloto
Authors: Danza Galdo Álvaro
Published: August 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: Metilprednisolona (MTP) es una molécula con probada efectividad antiinflamatoria e inmunosupresora para la terapia en pulsos de brotes de  enfermedades inmunomediadas (EI). Sin embargo, no se conoce con certeza la mejor relación entre dosis, efectividad y efectos adversos.

OBJETIVO: Conocer los usos de MTP, dosis, respuesta terapéutica y efectos adversos. 

MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes que recibieron MTP en el Hospital Pasteur de Uruguay. Se incluyeron pacientes que recibieron MTP en pulsos por una enfermedad inmunomediada. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, dosis acumulada de MTP, duración del tratamiento con MTP, respuesta terapéutica, efectos adversos.

 RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 36 casos, 27 de sexo femenino. La media de edad fue 41,5 (DE: 15,5) años. La media de dosis en los casos de respuesta completa fue 3,6 (DE: 2) gramos; la media de dosis en los casos de respuesta parcial fue 4 (DE: 1,5) gramos; la media de dosis de no respuesta fue 2,8 (DE 1,2) gramos (p> 0,05). La media de dosis en los pacientes que presentaron efectos adversos fue 4,4 (DE: 1,8) gramos y la media de dosis de los que no presentaron efectos adversos fue 3,2 (DE: 1,6) gramos (p<0,05).

DISCUSIÓN: Nuestra serie sugiere que no existe una clara relación entre dosis mayores y mejores respuestas terapéuticas. Sin embargo, existe una mayor tendencia a presentar efectos adversos con dosis más elevadas. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de racionalizar las dosis de MTP y continuar estudiando este tema en con mayor número de pacientes.

 
Carcinoma de células escamosas de conjuntiva
Authors: Serna-Ojeda Juan Carlos , Hernández-Orgaz Joaquín , Olvera-Morales Osiris
Published: August 2018

El carcinoma de células escamosas de conjuntiva es una neoplasia de la superficie ocular que puede presentarse con distintos patrones macroscópicos. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 75 años de edad que acude con esta tumoración de larga evolución, involucrando de forma importante su visión.
La cirugía torácica video-asistida (VATS) temprana, mejora la calidad de vida en los derrames pleurales neoplásicos complicados.
Authors: Alvarez Padilla Facundo Nicolás , Schiavoni Emiliano Nestor , Bustos Mario Eduardo Francisco
Published: August 2018

INTRODUCCION

El derrame pleural neoplásico (DPN) implica una enfermedad oncológica avanzada. La biopsia pleural por cirugía torácica endoscópica permite el diagnóstico en más del 90% de los casos y la instrumentación del espacio pleural complicado, mejorando los resultados de la técnica.

MATERIAL Y METODO

Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de pacientes con DPN operados para la realización de una pleurodesis química con talco. Se formaron dos grupos, uno con derrame pleural neoplásico complicado (DPNC) y otro con derrame pleural neoplásico no complicado (DPNNC). En el grupo con DPNC se realizó “maniobras de liberación – expansión”. Se compararon las variables entre ambos grupos para el análisis pertinente.

RESULTADOS

Se analizaron 28 pacientes con DPN tratados con pleurodesis química por cirugía torácica endoscópica. La edad promedio fue de 62,64 años. El compromiso pleural por patología mamaria fue la forma más frecuente (46,4%). No se hubo diferencia en cuanto a complicaciones (p= 0,31) y riesgo de defunción a los 30 días (p=1,09) con el manejo agresivo del espacio pleural. La demora en la indicación de pleurodesis se relacionó con un mayor índice de complicaciones (p=0,002) y mayor probabilidad de defunción dentro de los 30 días (p=0,008). La mayoría de pacientes se reinsertó a sus tareas diarias, con buena tolerancia a la disnea luego del procedimiento.

 

 

CONCLUSION

En los pacientes con DPNC, las “maniobras de liberación - expansión pulmonar” descriptas, aumentarían las chances de mejorar los resultados con bajo riesgo. La pleurodesis química temprana mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes portadores de un DPN.
Entropía proporcional de dinámicas cardiacas normales y con arritmia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos
Authors: Rodriguez Javier Oswaldo , Prieto Bohórquez Signed Esperanza , Correa Catalina , Pardo Juan , Soracipa Yolanda , Beltrán Ricardo , Aguirre Gydnea , Méndez Laura
Published: August 2018

Resumen

Antecedentes: Con base en la teoría de la probabilidad y las proporciones de la entropía no equiprobable en el contexto de la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos se desarrolló una metodología de evaluación de la dinámica cardiaca.

Objetivo: Confirmar la aplicabilidad clínica de la metodología diagnóstica basada en la probabilidad y la entropía para pacientes con diferentes tipos de arritmia evaluando el grado de agudización en la UCI por medio de sus proporciones características.

Métodos: Se analizaron 80 registros Holter de la UCI con diagnóstico de arritmia y 20 normales. Se enmascararon las conclusiones clínicas del Holter y se tomaron de este los valores máximo, mínimo de frecuencia cardiaca y número total de latidos por hora para construir el atractor numérico para cada dinámica. Se calculó la probabilidad, la entropía, la relación S/k, y se evaluaron las proporciones de la entropía, estableciendo su diagnóstico matemático y cuantificando su nivel de gravedad.

Resultados: Se demostró que la metodología diferencia en todos los casos dinámicas normales de anormales, obteniendo valores de sensibilidad y especificidad de 100% y coeficiente Kappa de 1, evidenciando que es posible además establecer cuantitativamente el grado de agudización.

Conclusiones: La metodología desarrollada es útil en la práctica clínica para correlacionar la gravedad de las arritmias con predicciones de agudización físicas y matemáticas.

 

Palabras Clave: diagnóstico, entropía, probabilidad, Arritmias Cardíacas.
Comparación de dos modelos experimentales de glaucoma en conejos
Authors: Tartara Luis Ignacio , Leavi Stefania , Campana Vilma , Allemandi Daniel , Palma Santiago
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: comparar dos modelos de glaucoma experimental por inducción de hipertensión ocular en conejos y describir cambios anatomo-patológicos. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron 16 conejos New Zealand, hembras, de 2-3 kg. Modelo A (n=6): cauterización de venas epiesclerales y perilimbares en ojo derecho (OD) con cauterio eléctrico quirúrgico. Modelo B (n=10): inyección intracamerular en OD de ?-quimotripsina. Se midió la presión intraocular (PIO) antes y después de la inducción de la hipertensión ocular (HTO), una vez por semana, a la misma hora del día, durante 40 días, con tonómetro manual. Los animales fueron sacrificados por inhalación de CO2. En ambos modelos la PIO del ojo izquierdo (OI).fue tomado como valor control. La media y error estándar (EE) de los valores de la PIO, expresada en mmHg, fueron evaluadas y comparadas estadísticamente aplicando Test T de Student considerando un nivel de significación de p < 0.05. Resultados: La PIO en OI (control) del modelo A: fue 12,9±1,05 y en el modelo B: 12,9±1,09. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre ambas. Modelo A: el aumento de la PIO en OD fue 14,7% (14,8±1,4) con respecto a OI. Se observó un incremento significativo de la PIO dentro de las primeras 24 hs: 23,5±1,9 (p<0,05) comparado con el valor del ojo control. No hubo diferencias significativas con los controles posteriores. Modelo B: el aumento de la PIO en OD fue 129,1% (29,6±3,4) con respecto al OI. En todos los casos se observó un incremento desde el día 1 (p<0,05). El pico de PIO en OD se evidenció el día 25: 35±3,4 (p<0,05). El incremento de la PIO inducida en el modelo B fue significativamente mayor (p<0,01) que en el modelo A. En ambos modelos hubo pérdida de células ganglionares de la retina, pero sólo en el modelo B se observaron los siguientes cambios anatomo-patológicos: buftalmus, subluxación del cristalino y aumento de la excavación de la papila. Conclusión: De acuerdo a este estudio, el modelo B aparece como el método más apropiado a los fines de inducir un incremento rápido y controlado de la IOP en conejos y más importante, este incremento sería capaz de mantenerse alto a lo largo de periodos de tiempos extendidos. Este modelo podría ser de gran utilidad para evaluar la eficacia de nuevos sistemas oculares de liberación de fármacos y realizar futuros estudios de la fisiopatología del glaucoma.
Colapso extrínseco de la aurícula izquierda por hernia hiatal gigante
Authors: González-Munera Adriana , Santos-Martínez Ana , Vanegas-Rodríguez Jesús
Published: August 2018

Varón de 87 años, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial y cardiopatía isquémica. Ingresa en box vital de urgencias por epigastralgia intensa, súbita, asociada a cortejo vegetativo, que se irradia hacia zona interescapular. Llaman la atención cifras tensionales muy variables (80-220/50-100 mmHg) con cambios posturales. Los pulsos proximales y distales están presentes y no se palpa masa pulsátil en abdomen. Se realiza una tomografía computarizada con contraste que evidencia una hernia de hiato esofágico gigante por deslizamiento que condiciona colapso parcial de la aurícula izquierda y venas lobares inferiores (Fig 1-4). Tras fracaso del manejo conservador con SNG, requirió reducción quirúrgica y funduplicatura posterior. 
Reporte de caso: Trasplante Renal en un paciente con Epidermolisis Bullosa
Authors: Saad Emanuel José , Albertini Ricardo Arturo , Chiurchiu Carlos , Massari Pablo Ulises , De la Fuente Jorge Luis
Published: August 2018

La epidermolisis bullosa distrófica recesiva (EBDR) es una genodermatosis extremadamente infrecuente, caracterizada por la existencia de alteraciones a nivel de las fibras de anclaje que unen la membrana basal de la epidermis a las estructuras subyacentes. Un elemento característico de esta entidad es la formación recurrente de ampollas en piel y mucosas ante traumatismos mínimos, con posterior cicatrización. Los pacientes con EBRD frecuentemente desarrollan enfermedad renal crónica y requieren de terapia de reemplazo renal, constituyendo una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en estos pacientes. El rol del trasplante renal es poco conocido en este tipo de pacientes.
Se presenta el caso de un paciente con enfermedad renal terminal y EBDR que es tratado con trasplante renal y su seguimiento a lo largo de un período de 83 meses luego del trasplante. Durante dicho período se observó una baja frecuencia de intercurrencias infecciosas, así como la ausencia de desarrollo de neoplasias cutáneas.  El trasplante renal podría ser una alternativa a la terapia de reemplazo dialítica en los pacientes con epidermolisis bullosa asociada a enfermedad renal terminal, reduciendo las comorbilidades asociadas a las terapias dialíticas.
Historia de aborto inducido y resultados perinatales adversos.
Authors: Cuestas Eduardo
Published: August 2018

El parto prematuro es un problema sanitario de suma importancia en nuestro país. A pesar de los avances recientes en la atención médica, continúa siendo la causa principal de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales en todo el mundo. Se ha demostrado que el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades neonatales aumenta con la disminución de la edad gestacional. Las complicaciones a corto plazo del nacimiento prematuro, como el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria, la enterocolitis necrotizante, la hemorragia intraventricular y la sepsis, son todas enfermedades graves que representan un serio desafío para las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales. El parto prematuro también se asocia con serias consecuencias a largo plazo, vinculadas especialmente a discapacidades del desarrollo neurológico, como la parálisis cerebral y afecciones médicas crónicas, como la displasia broncopulmonar, entre muchas otras y enfermedades cardiometabólicas en la vida adulta.
Learning Style of Santri as EFL Learner of IAIM NU Metro Lampung
Authors: Suhono Suhono
Published: August 2018

Pondok pesantren had become the identity of Malay world. It was proven in some regions of Malay thetradition of pesantren arise. Although, there were different term in stating the word pesantren, it hassimilarity in the function. Pesantren as a global tradition among malay world, has different name in manyplaces such as dayah in Aceh, surau in Minangkabau,pondok in Malaysia and pho no in Southern Thailand. Moreover, some pesantren allows the santri tostudy (science, language and etc) outside the pesantren environment. The santri who were affected bythe pesantren environment has certain learning style preference due to learning preference is alsoinfluenced by the environment and gender. Therefore, this research aimed at investigate the learningstyle of santri who learns English as Foreign Language. The research used case study. It found that Mostof the students of middle proficiency level was visual learner. Students at low proficiency level wereauditory learner. In the analysis of result in gender aspect, the students showed the differences male andfemale on visual, auditory and kinesthetic preference. Male students used auditory and kinesthetic aspectto absorb and get information. Meanwhile, female learners are dominant in using visual learning style.Keywords: Learning style, Gender, Santri, EFL Learner
Presentasi Workshop Essay Writing - World Indonesia Scholarship (WISH) Forum 2018
Authors: Kiyat Warsono El
Published: August 2018

Materi ini dipresentasikan pada kegiatan Workshop Essay Writing, World Indonesia Scholarship (WISH) Forum di Gedung Kemdikbud, Jakarta pada 11 Agustus 2018. Materi ini menjelaskan tentang jenis-jenis esai, cara menyusun esai beserta tips dan triknya, yang digunakan sebagai salah satu dokumen yang dipersyaratkan dalam mendaftar beasiswa di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri.
Stability and Change in Self-Control during the Transition to Parenthood
Authors: van Scheppingen Manon A. , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Bleidorn Wiebke
Published: August 2018

Self-control is associated with a variety of positive life outcomes, including relationship satisfaction, health, educational achievement, and avoiding criminal behavior. A largely unanswered question concerns the extent to which self-control changes across the lifespan and in response to major life events. The present research used prospective 4-wave data from 539 Dutch individuals to examine the self-control trajectory of first-time parents (n = 246) as compared to individuals who did not have children during the research period (n = 293). New parents (especially mothers) reported higher levels of self-control before birth (i.e., during pregnancy), as compared to nonparents. New mothers showed significant nonlinear decreases in self-control, which were especially strong from pregnancy until six months after childbirth. New fathers’ self-control remained largely stable. Furthermore, pregnancy-related stress was associated with lower self-control levels during pregnancy in both first-time mothers and fathers. Higher levels of work-family conflict and family-related stress were associated with lower self-control after childbirth in new fathers, but not in new mothers. These results indicate that major life transitions may be linked to changes in adult self-control. Discussion focuses on the implications of the results for theory and research on the development of self-control in adulthood.
HUBUNGAN PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI SUNTIKAN 3 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS PACCELLEKANG TAHUN 2013
Authors: Sari Arini Purnama
Published: August 2018

Banyak perempuan mengalami kesulitan di dalam menentukan pilihan jenis kontrasepsi hal ini karena tidak ada satupun metode kontrasepsi yang aman dan efektif. Salah satu metode kontrasepsi yang dianggap cukup ideal adalah kontrasepsi suntikan 3 bulan. Kontrasepsi suntikan 3 bulan adalah jenis kontrasepsi suntikan yang hanya mengandung progestin saja dan disuntikkan setiap 3 bulan.Banyak sekali keuntungan yang didapat dari penggunaan kontrasepsi ini.Walaupun demikian, memang tidak dapat dipungkiri adanya keterbatasan dari penggunaan kontrasepsi ini, diantaranya adalah masalah peningkatan berat badan.Berdasarkan pemikiran tersebut, dibutuhkan suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan peningkatan berat badan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi suntikan 3 bulan di Puskesmas Paccellekang tahun 2015.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study.Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan cara Purposive Sampling. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 52 responden.Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi yang dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara peningkatan berat badan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi suntikan 3 bulan dengan nilai P = 0,00<ɑ = 0,05. Jadi sebaiknya akseptor kontrasepsi suntikan 3 bulan merubah pola hidup seperti pola makan yang sehat, istirahat cukup dan olahraga teratur
Species Composition, Distribution, Life Forms and Folk Nomenclature of Forest and Common Land Plants of Western Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Dangol DR
Published: August 2018

This paper enumerates 349 plant species belonging to 77 families of vascular plants collected in the winter seasons of 1996 and 2000 by the flora teams of the Population and Ecology Research Laboratory, Nepal. Of the total species, 249 species belong to dicotyledons, 87 species to monocotyledons and 13 species to pteridophytes. Among the families, dicotyledons contributed the highest number of families (55 in number) followed by monocotyledons and pteridophytes. In the study areas, species composition varies with the type of habitats in the study plots. Some species are unique in distribution. The highest unique species are contributed by common lands (87 spp.), followed by the Chitwan National Park forest (36 spp.) and Tikauli forest (32 spp.). Ageratum houstonianum Mill., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv., Rungia parviflora (Retz.) Nees, Saccharum spontaneum L. and Thelypteris auriculata (J. Sm.) K. Iwats are the most common species across all the research blocks. Of the listed plants, many plants have local names either in Nepalese or other tribal languages. Plants are named in different ways on the basis of habit, habitat, smell, taste, and morphological characters of the plants, which are also the basis of nomenclature in plant taxonomy.

Key words: Folk name, plant biodiversity, plant distribution, species composition analysis

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:93-105 (2005)
Chayote, Sechium edule (Swartz.) Propagation by Vine Cutting
Authors: Sharma MD
Published: August 2018

Two experiments were conducted to determine the suitable mother vine and month for producing cutplants of chayote through vine cuttings. The survivals of young matured vine cuttings were greater (35- 87%) than those of old basal vine cuttings (26.3-64.3%) in all planting dates. In October planting, 53-75% cuttings survived 16 days. In November planting, 93% of the cuttings with 500 ppm IBA survived, of which 63% produced roots, while only 28% cuttings rooted in control. The survival pecent of vine cuttings planted in October, December and January were 75-87 and 100, respectively but none of them produced roots. Hence, November with mild temperature and high humidity was the best month for the production of cut-plants in chayote through vine cuttings under Chitwan condition.

Key words: Chayote, vine cuttings, propagation, IBA

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:159-161 (2005)
Absconding Behavior and Management of Apis cerana F. Honeybee in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel S , Thapa RB , Neupane FP , Shrestha SM
Published: August 2018

Twelve colonies of five-framed Apis cerana F. with about equal brood, hive storage and colony strength were prepared in November 2004 and the colony development parameters recorded. One-third of the colonies absconded in summer and about one-sixth in rainy season, while non-absconded colonies also slowed comb building, brood rearing, colony strength and hive storage in summer and rainy seasons. Feeding sugar candy and pollen substitute prevented absconding in May and July. Three weeks feeding in May resulted higher comb building (15.0%), higher brood rearing (158.8%), stronger colony strength (15.0%) and higher hive storage (171.2% honey, 270.9% pollen) in June. Those colonies having higher brood mite (Varroa jacobsoni Oud.) in winter absconded earlier.

Key words: Apis cerana, absconding, brood mite, pollen substitute, colony management

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:77-86 (2006)
Response of Colony Strength to Honey Production: Regression and Correlation Analysis
Authors: Bhusal SJ , Thapa RB
Published: August 2018

An experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design to find the effects of initial colony strength of Apis mellifera L. on honey production with four levels of initial populations: 4 frames (9,800), 6 frames (14,700), 8 frames (19,600) and 10 frames (24,500) of adult honeybees per colony replicating 5 times during litchi flowering season (February to April, 2003) in Chitwan. This study revealed the exponential increase in honey production {Y = 4.22 – 0.7325 X + 0.09625 X2 (4 ≤X ≤ 10 comb covered by bees per colony) and Y = 4.22 – 0.000299 X + 0.000000016 X2 (9,800 ≤ X ≤ 24,500 honeybees per colony), n = 4} producing 2.32, 1.59 and 1.18 times more honey from initially 10-, 8- and 6-frame colonies as compared to the honey production of 2.82 kg/colony from 4-frame colonies. There was significantly positive linear correlation among colony attributes like colony strength, brood rearing, comb building, foraging activity and honey production.

Key words: Apis mellifera, honey bee population, colony attributes

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:133-137 (2006)
Response of Maise to Different Levels of Nitrogen
Authors: Ojha BR
Published: August 2018

An experiment was conducted at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal during the summer season of 2003 to evaluate the response of Arun 2 variety of maize to different levels of nitrogen under field conditions. The experiment was conducted using Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed a highly significant difference among treatments with respect to yield. Application of 90 kg N per ha gave the highest grain yield (5.46 ton/ha) and 150 kg/ ha gave the lowest yield (4.91t/ha). But the non-significant results were found with respect to plant height, cob height, days to 50 % silking, days to maturity and number of plants per plot among treatments. The mean values for number of plants per plot, plant height, cob height, days to 50 % silking after sowing, days to maturity after sowing and yield /ha were found 21.3, 192.3 cm, 94.3 cm, 50.3, 87.5 and 5.18, respectively, Strong correlation of 0.81 and 1 were found between the traits plant height and cob height and days to 50 % silking and days to maturity respectively. In contrast, negative correlation was found between the traits plant height and yield, and cob height and yield.

Key words: Nitrogenous fertiliser, yield component, maize

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:149-152 (2006)
Field Survey and Monitoring of Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea operculella)(Zeller)(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Tiwari DB , Thapa RB , Shrestha SM , Joshi SL
Published: August 2018

Potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) is a major pest of stored potato. Field survey was conducted to know the effect of this pest on potato production and storage under farmers' conditions in the Kathmandu valley and remote district Rolpa during 2005. Ninety farmers (40 in the Kathmandu valley and 50 in Rolpa) were interviewed in semi-structured questionnaires and PTM was also monitored using sex pheromone. Survey and monitoring revealed that PTM (insect pest) and late blight (disease) were the major problems of potato crop in both the areas. Maximum of 69 moths per week were collected in one set of pheromone trap in Kathmandu and 76 moths trapped within five days of trap setting in Rolpa. That was the first record, authentic evidence to clarify farmers’ confusion in Rolpa district about the presence of P. operculella in potato growing areas. In the Kathmandu valley, 95% of respondent farmers were aware of this pest and 80% farmers relied on chemical pesticides to manage P. operculella on stored potato. However, only 4% of the respondent farmers in Rolpa were aware of this pest. Therefore, its management is necessary for healthy potato production in the field and storage under farmers’ conditions in Nepal.

Key words : Phthorimaea operculella, field survey and monitoring

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:157-160 (2006)
Incidence of Insect Pests on Chayote, Sechium edule (Swartz.) in Nepal
Authors: Neupane FP , Sharma MD , Neupane KR
Published: August 2018

The insect pests recorded during 1993-96 on chayote in Chitwan, Lalitpur and Parbat districts were as follows: white grubs (Phyllophaga spp.), mole cricket (Gryllotalpa fussor Fab.), field cricket (Brachytrypes portentosus Licht.), red pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas), blue pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora lewisii Baly), flea beetle (Monolepta signata Oliv.), tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura Fab.), stink bug (Coridius janus Fab.), spotted beetle (Epilachna pusilanima Mulsant), banded blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), brown bug (Agonoscelis nubila Fab.), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glov.), pumpkin fruit fly (Bacterocera cucurbitae Coq.), and three unidentified insect pests- brown weevil, hairy caterpillars and stem boring beetle. Of them, the fruit fly and cotton aphid were the serious ones. Nepalese and Mexican accessions of chayotes varied for their susceptibility to both the above insects. The chayote fruits with tough fruit skin and dense and long spines were less susceptible to fruit fly, while the spineless and smooth fruits were the most susceptible.

Key words: Chayote germplasm, insect pests, aphid and fruit fly

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:161-164 (2006)
Willingness to pay by using travel cost method in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Aryal M. , Dutta J. P. , Regmi P. P. , Pandey K. R.
Published: August 2018

This study assessed the impact of tourism and willingness to pay by foreigners in Chitwan National Park of Chitwan district during the year 2007-2008. Eighty tourists were selected randomly to evaluate the recreational value of Chitwan National Park to protect the biodiversity of buffer zone area in Chitwan National Park. The tourism created the local employment opportunities to local people but it was unplanned and location specific. Since the program has focused in both community development and conservation awareness activities however, the study showed that only public infrastructure development was emphasized instead of sensitizing the members towards the conservation issues of protected areas. The study examined how much Park visitors were willing to pay to visit the Park. Annual benefits from the Park were considerable - the total annual consumer surplus obtained from recreation in the Park was approximately USD 233 million. Various factors influence the visitors like travel cost, household income, and the quality of the Park. Improvements in quality of the Park were likely to increase recreational benefits.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page :1-10
Urea based straw treatments for dairy cattle feeding management under farmers’ condition in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Paudel D. P. , Dhakal R. , Bhattarai N.
Published: August 2018

A study was conducted at Gitanagar VDC of Chitwan during May to August 2012, to find the effect of chopped and un-chopped rice straw in relation to with/ without treatment of urea (4%) on milk yield and its composition. Repeated Measure Design (RMD) was conducted in 8 cows and four treatments namely; T1 (un-chopped straw), T2 (chopped straw), T3 (un-chopped straw with urea solution @ 4%) and T4 (chopped straw with urea solution @ 4%) providing all four treatments to each cow at an interval of 15 days to match with the design. The samples of treatments were analyzed for CP, EE, CF, Moisture level, and total ash content. Urea treated rice straw consumption was significantly different (p<0.05) among treatments. The average uptake of rice straw in T1, T2, T3 and T4 was found to be 3.39, 3.73, 3.81 and 3.9 kg/cow/day respectively. Similarly, milk yield from urea treated chopped rice straw was found significantly different (p<0.01) among other treatments. The average milk yield in four treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 was found to be 9.449, 9.697, 10.011 and 10.264 liters/cow/day. In milk composition, urea treated rice straw had positive impact on increment of protein and fat % which was significantly different (p<0.01) and (p<0.05) respectively. While SNF, lactose, density, solubility, freezing point were statistically similar (p>0.05). Net income/cow was higher (Rs. 86.912) in T4 than other treatments.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 35-40
Performance of meat purpose hybrid chicken under intensive system
Authors: Tamang D. T. , Sharma M. P. , Barsila S. R.
Published: August 2018

A study was carried out at Livestock farm, IAAS, Chitwan, Nepal in 2011 to identify the best compatible genotypes of hybrid male parents with available breeds of female chicken for the meat production. The measureable traits were egg weight, day old chick weight, feed consumption, body weight gain, infertility, hatchability, feed conversion ratio and meat quality. Research results revealed that the Black Australorp were the best performer with respect to egg size (57.50±0.95 g.) compared with other breeds such as Sakini, New Hampshire and Lohmann Brown. The highest body weight of chicks at eight weeks age was observed in the case of F1 progenies of LIR crossed with New Hampshire (1388.33±44.57 g.). On female lines, Sakini (1211.50±48.82 g.) and Black Australorp (1404.50±48.82 g.) were found the best compatible with Cobb 500. On other hand, New Hampshire (1388.33±44.57 g.) and Lohmann Brown (1334.54±46.55 g.) were observed the best compatible with LIR while considering body weight until 8th week of age observed. The Black Australorp hen compared fairly well with comparison to other female lines in terms of growth up to eight weeks of age. Although, the F1 progenies of LIR and Cobb 500 grew faster, on the basis of FCR, the progenies of Giriraja crossed with Black Australorp (2.63) was observed good performer, which indicated that if the feed consumption could be increased, progenies of Giriraja crossed with Black Australorp will be the best compatible breeds for meat production.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 187-194
Yield gap analysis of major pulses in India
Authors: Rimal N. S. , Kumar S.
Published: August 2018

In order to assess the nature and extent of yield gap in major pulses in India, published data from different official records were used for different time periods and comparison was made between states and India regarding yield difference of different pulses. Yield gap II was assessed with the help of data obtained from annual reports of Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur for major pulses crops. Both yield gap I and Yield gap II was examined in case of chickpea for the period of 2011-12 taking an aggregated yield data. The result revealed that most of the major pulses growing states were having lower yield of total pulses than national average while minor states showed higher yield during 2006-2012. With the positive growth in yield of individual pulses minor states were moving forward and showed potential increase in production of pulses. Yield gap II of major pulses in India showed an increase in the recent period over 2006-07. In case of chickpea frontline demonstration data for the period of 2011-12 revealed that yield gap II ranged from 7.63% in Karnataka to 24.37% in Madhya Pradesh among major chickpea producing states while this gap was 15.80% in Chattishgarh and 29.09% in Bihar among minor states. Yield gap for the same period was observed to be 28.46% in Madhya Pradesh, 28.75% in Karnataka and 28.56% in Maharashtra. These states contribute more than 50% of area share indicating tremendous untapped potential. Factors causing exploitable yield gap could be managed with effective implementation of government program along with participatory research and extension services ensured within the time frame.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 213-219
Effect of sugarcane genotypes and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid on callus induction
Authors: Subedi M. , Ojha B. R. , Ghimire S. K. , Joshi B. K. , Niroula R. K. , Sah B. P. , Chaudhary R. , Kharel R. , Poudel A. P.
Published: August 2018

Callus induction is an important step in in-vitro culture valued for micropropagation, somaclonal variation, mutagenesis, synthetic seed production, transformation and genetic engineering. Callusing response of ten sugarcane genotypes viz., BO-110, BO-134, Cose-95422, Cose-98232, Cose-92423, UP-9742, BO-91, BO-135, and Cose-98255, were studied under three different doses (2, 3 & 4 mg L-1) of 2,4-D supplemented in the callus induction media. Callus induction was found to depend on both genotype and 2,4-D concentration in the media. The genotype UP-9742 was most amenable to callus induction (67.50%) followed by Cose-97182 (56.25%) and Cose-92423 (51.00%). While, the media supplemented with 3 mg L-1 2,4-D was found more effective to trigger callus induction in general. Yet, the optimum dose of 2,4-D to be used depends on the interaction of the specific genotype. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 237-242
Economics of poultry manure as an alternative to chemical fertilizer for agricultural production in Nepal
Authors: Subedi S. , Dhakal D.
Published: August 2018

This paper explored the potentiality of poultry manure to use as fertilizer in agricultural practices through using descriptive statistics and probit regression model. Result showed that Poultry manure was comparatively more economical than chemical fertilizers regarding same amount of NPK availability for crop production. Sampled households’ age, income, agriculture as main occupation, credit access and membership had significantly determined the level of the application of poultry manure. Farmers perceived that affordable price and soil fertility improvement were the main reasons behind applying it. However, volatization, leaching, improper decomposition, poor market infrastructure and transportation and branding were identified as the major problems associated with its use. Study also revealed that willingness to pay for processed poultry manure was 4 to 7 times higher than what farmers were paying for raw poultry manure. Therefore, either the government or private firms should take initiative in production of processed poultry in Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 259-268
Veterinary Medical Students' Motivations for Exercise
Authors: Royal Kenneth D. , Hunt Suzanne A. , Gonzalez Liara M. , Lewbart Gregory A. , Bailey Kate M.
Published: August 2018

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) declares exercise to be one of the most important activities one can do to improve health. The benefits of exercise are well documented and include both physiologic and psychological health. Given the current landscape of wellness issues in veterinary medical education, it is necessary that students engage in exercise activities to manage stress and increase overall health. Therefore, to develop targeted interventions with the greatest likelihood for success, it is first necessary to understand what motivates veterinary medical students to exercise given their unique situational and environmental factors. This study is the first to explore this issue systematically in veterinary medical education, thus it is the authors' hope that the findings from this research will help identify exercise-related wellness interventions that could be implemented in veterinary medical schools.
INTERNALLY ECONOMIC AGROECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION THE LAND USE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIPS SUBJECTS OF DIFFERENT PROPERTY FORMS
Authors: Tiutiunnyk H.O.
Published: August 2018

Environmental management requires a clear change in the farming system. Restoring and improving the natural condition of the agro-landscape, in order to synthesize the most environmentally friendly land massifs for the restoration of bioproductivity of the land, the creation of ecologically pure land masses serves to create humus formation. Proceeding from this, the article is based on conceptual measures on the use of land masses for economic entities of all forms of ownership, which maximally adapt land users and measures for optimization, transformation and use of land to the natural conditions of local growth. Measures for the creation of land masses, especially ecologically clean, are carried out directly in agricultural enterprises, therefore, agricultural land use is a prerequisite for them. As a result, the purpose of the article is to justify the organization of the territory of economic entities, the establishment of the composition and transformation of the land and the need to preserve degraded and low-yielding land. Also the purpose of planning the organization of land mass structures is determined. The necessity of characterization of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lands is grounded in order to find out the influence of the creation of the land mass and the appearance of possible dangers. The basic stages of the transition to environmentally safe agriculture and the formation of environmentally friendly land masses have been determined. The types of development of the land mass are described: one-time and step-by-step. The complex problems that may be encountered by an enterprise of any ownership type in the transition to the maintenance of ecologically pure agriculture are determined. Creation of ecologically pure massifs of lands and agroecological organization of the territory includes a system of measures for the adaptation of agricultural production, agriculture to the peculiarities of the natural environment, along with the system of levers of state management of rational ecologically safe use of agricultural land. So the necessity of state support and motivation for enterprises planning to switch to the production of environmentally friendly products and the formation of environmentally friendly land masses has been substantiated.