Малое и среднее предпринимательство в лесном комплексе РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: проблемы и перспективы
Authors: Мочаева Т.В. 
Published: February 2025

В статье представлены результаты исследования роли субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в освоение и переработку древесных ресурсов Российская Федерация. Выявлено, что тренд на снижение объёмов заготовки и переработки древесины данной категорией хозяйствующих субъектов сохраняется. Определены направления государственной поддержки субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в отраслях лесного комплекса.

Introduction. The monopoly activity and unfair competition in forest exploitation and forest processing is one of the factors preventing the effective development of forest branches and forest resources efficient use. Russian state massively supports the small-sized and medium-sized entrepreneurship in the field of use, protection and regeneration of forests with the view to overcome the negative trends of monopolization and develop the competitive environment in the branches of timber complex of the Russian Federation. The goal of the research is to determine the opportunities and perspectives for development of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship in timber complex of the Russian Federation based on the analysis of contribution of the SME in developing and processing the woody resources. The following tasks were defined and consequently solved in furtherance of the research: to study the regulatory framework of SME functioning in the Russian Federation to define the role of SME (private entrepreneurs and legal bodies) in the developing and processing of timber in the Russian Federation to analyze the key performance indicators of various categories of SME in the particular branches of Russian timber complex to determine directions for the development of SME activity in the branches of Russian timber complex. Results. In the economy of the country, wood products are used practically in all the branches. However, timber logging is the traditional and basic kind of forests use in Russia, it has a direct influence on the formation of a range of braches of timber complex. Lease of forest lands is the major legal basis for wood harvesting. At that, more than 50 of timber is harvested by large and extremely large timber beasts as a result of the lease. For the last seven years, in the key branches of timber complex there has been observed the increase in rotation and number of employees together with the increase in number of institutions-micro-enterprises. Number of small and medium enterprises decreases. The largest number of SME which includes the basic turnover is focused in woodworking. Conclusion. The contribution of timber complex braches in the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation does not meet the existing forest-resource potential. The potential for the development of small-sized and medium-sized entrepreneurship in Russian paper-pulp industry is low. The existing regulatory and institutional bases of state support of small-sized and medium-sized entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation makes it possible to widely use the devices and support tools for the SME development, mainly in such branches of timber complex as forestry and timber harvesting, wood working and forest chemistry.