bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies of visible-light-driven Sm-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by combustion method
Authors:   Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Phuruangrat A. , Thamsukho S. ,   Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand, Thungprasert S. ,   Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lampang Rajabhat University, Lampang 52100, Thailand, Sakhon T. ,   Electron Microscopy Research and Service Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand, Thongtem T. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Thongtem S. ,   Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: April 2022

ZnO nanoparticles with different Sm doping contents were prepared by tartaric acid solution combustion method and followed by calcination at 600 oC for 2 h. The XRD patterns of ZnO and Sm-doped ZnO samples were indexed to the pure phase of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure. TEM images of ZnO and Sm-doped ZnO samples show that the samples contained nanoparticles with different particle sizes. Their particle sizes were decreased with increasing in the weight contents of Sm dopant. Their photocatalytic properties were also investigated through the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The 3% Sm-doped ZnO nanoparticles have the highest photodegradation of MB under visible light irradiation because Sm3+ as an electron accepter played the role in inhibiting the recombination of charge carrier pa
A study of the optical resonances of various nanostructured silver systems with cylindrical symmetry
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas Johnson S/N, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, García-Romero J. L. , Mendívil-Reynoso T. ,   Department of Physics, University of Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas Johnson S/N, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, Samano-Hermosillo E. ,   Industrial Engineering Educational Program, State University of Sonora, Hermosillo Academic Unit, Av. Ley Federal del Trabajo and Calle Israel González S/N, C.P. 83100, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, Montaño-Peraza J. ,   Department of Physics, University of Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas Johnson S/N, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico, Ramírez-Rodríguez L. P. ,   Department of Physics, University of Sonora, Calle Rosales y Blvd. Luis Encinas Johnson S/N, C.P. 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
Published: April 2022

In the present work, the optical resonances of different silver nanoparticle systems with cylindrical symmetry are studied by using the COMSOL Multiphysics® professional package. The purpose of the research is to analyze the dependence of optical resonances on the geometry. We found a strong dependence between plasmons and geometry.
Yb/WO3/Yb back to back Schottky barriers designed as voltage controlled rectifiers and as microwave resonators
Authors:   Physics Department, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine, Qasrawi A. F. , Daragme Rana B. ,   Physics Department, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
Published: April 2022

Herein, 𝑝 −WO3 thin films coated onto ytterbium thin film substrates are used as active layers to fabricate a back to back Schottky (BBS) barriers. The Schottky contacts and the tungsten oxide active layers are grown by the thermal evaporation technique under a vacuum pressure of 10-5 mbar. The films are structurally, morphologically, optically and electrically characterized. The physical nature of the grown 𝑝 −WO3 layers is amorphous comprising excess oxygen in its composition. Electrically, the BBS devices displayed a biasing dependent current rectification ratio confirming the tunneling type of Schottky barriers. The current conduction are dominated through tunneling barriers of height of ~0.80 eV. The barriers allow hole tunneling within energy barriers of widths of ~45 nm and of 300 nm under reverse and forward biasing conditions, respectively. In addition, the impedance spectroscopy measurements have shown the ability of wide tunability of the resistance and capacitance of the devices resulting in a microwave cutoff frequency exceeding 2.0 GHz. The resistive and capacitive features of the devices in addition to the microwave cutoff frequency spectra nominate the Yb/𝑝-WO3/Yb BBS devices for use as microwave resonators suitable for 4G/5G technologies.
A comparative study of the properties of yttrium and lanthanum aluminates obtained by Pechini sol–gel process
Authors:   Ovidius University of Constanta, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 124 Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900527, Carazeanu Popovici I. , Diacon A. ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, 1-7 Polizu Street, Bucharest 011061, Romania, Moscalu F. ,   Ovidius University of Constanta, Department of Physics, 124 Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900527, Romania, Dumbrava A. ,   Ovidius University of Constanta, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 124 Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900527
Published: April 2022

The optical and photocatalytic properties of yttrium and lanthanum aluminates obtained by Pechini sol-gel process were studied by comparison. The aluminates were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, DRS, FTIR and PL spectroscopy. The photocatalytic properties were investigated in the removing of both cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions. A higher photocatalytic activity was identified for yttrium aluminate (90% - 97% after 90 min), with the maximum value for methylene blue solution (97.15%), and a photocatalytic activity of 46.88% was determined for lanthanum aluminate in the degradation of methylene blue. The photocatalytic activity was in a good correlation with the aluminates optical behavior.
Trichoderma hamatum derived from coffee plant ( Coffea canephora ) rhizosphere inhibit Candida albicans Growth
Authors: Khairillah Yuyun Nisaul , Sukarno Nampiah , Batubara Irmanida
Published: April 2022

The Trichoderma hamatum produces various secondary metabolites that can be used as Candida albicans.  This research aimed to isolate T. hamatum from the coffee (Coffea canephora) rhizosphere and analyze the fungal compounds to control the pathogenic fungus C. albicans. T. hamatum was isolated using the dilution method, and the fungal identification was used, combining morphological and molecular characteristics of ITS rDNA. The potency of T. hamatum as C. albicans was determined by antagonist test using the double-layer method, while for culture filtrate, ethyl acetate and n-hexane filtrate extracts were carried out by the agar diffusion method. The compounds in the most active extract were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). T. hamatum inhibits C. albicans growth in antagonistic and filtrate with 15.53 mm and 14.40 mm of inhibition zone. It indicated that both culture and fungal filtrate had similar activities on C. albicans. The ethyl acetate extract (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC of 0.50%) showed more potent against C. abicans than n-hexane extract (MIC of 15.00%). The potential active compound in the ethyl acetate extract would be 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) methyl ester. The 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) methyl ester could be used as an alternative candidate to control Candida.
Anatomical Adaptation of Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Leaf in the Pond and Coast Located in Mangunharjo, Semarang, Central Java
Authors: Lumban Tobing Atia Nadira , Darmanti Sri , Hastuti Endah Dwi , Izzati Munifatul
Published: April 2022

Mangrove is a brackish plant that can live in habitats with extreme environmental conditions. For instance, the grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) is a mangrove species that can adapt anatomically in habitats with a wide range of salinity, such as ponds and coasts. This study examines the forms of anatomical adaptation of A. marina by comparing the anatomical structure of A. marina leaves that live in two different habitats, namely pond, and coast in the Mangunharjo area, Semarang, Central Java. The third leaf from the tip of the tree branches was used as samples and taken from three different trees in each habitat. Cross-section prepared microscope slides of the leaves were made using the embedding method and observed using a photomicrograph. The quantitative data were analyzed using the T-test at a 90% confidence level, while the qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that different environmental conditions do not cause differences in the anatomy of A. marina leaves, but there are some histological modifications as a form of adaptation. These modifications are differences in the thickness of the cuticle, adaxial epidermis, parenchymal palisade tissue, spongy parenchyma, and the number of xylem cells in one vascular bundle. This research might initiate more advanced studies regarding the correlation between mangroves’ anatomical structure and anatomical adaptation towards diverse environmental conditions. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the anatomical structure of A. marina leaves that live in two habitats with different environmental conditions.
Antioxidant Activities and Properties of Coprinus comatus Mushroom Both Mycelium and Fruiting Body Extracts In Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Rats Model
Authors: Ratnaningtyas Nuniek Ina , Hernayanti Hernayanti , Ekowati Nuraeni , Husen Fajar , Maulida Isnaini , Kustianingrum Riama , Vidiyanti Vika
Published: April 2022

Coprinus comatus, well-known as Shaggy Ink Cap mushroom, is potential herbal medicine. Synthetic medicines sometimes cause side effects; therefore, it is necessary to innovate with herbal medications with minimal side effects. The study evaluated in vitro and in vivo treatments to evaluate the antioxidant effect and activity of C. comatus. The in vivo treatment was conducted using six groups of Wistar rats (n = 24). Group 1 healthy control (HC), groups 2–6 received 45 mg/Kg BW of streptozotocin once, group 2 just streptozotocin-induced (NC), group 3 was given 45 mg/kg BW of metformin (PC), groups 4–6 were given 250 (T1), 500 (T2), and 750 mg (T3) of C. comatus extract for 14 days, and the in vitro was conducted using an antioxidant oxidant assay. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range tests. Based on qualitative analysis, C. comatus mycelium extract contained polyphenol, flavonoids, terpenoids, and fruiting body extract had flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The in vitro analysis showed that the mycelium extract had an antioxidant activity by inhibiting free radicals up to 58.51% with an IC50 value of 72.77 mg/L. The in vivo treatment using C. comatus fruiting body extract showed that it could increase the endogenous antioxidant levels of GPx, SOD, catalase and reduce MDA levels (p 0.05). The most effective dose of C. comatus extract is 500 mg. This research has shown the potential of mycelium and C. comatus fruitbody extract as an antioxidant supplement in a diabetic rat model.
Measures and ways of transforming Ukraine's energy sector into an intelligent environmentally friendly system
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kyrylenko Olexandr
Published: April 2022

The transition from the dominance of hydrocarbon-based energy sources to low-carbon ones necessitates the transformation of all components of the energy system, the creation of a decentralized energy market, development of smart grids and systems according to the Smart Grid concept combined with the development of technologies and energy storage market and with the formation of active energy consumers.
Ukraine's nuclear energy in the context of sustainable development
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nosovskyi Anatolii
Published: April 2022

Nuclear energy plays an important role in ensuring Ukraine's energy independence, thus the need to implement a program of building new nuclear power units is obvious. When formulating the strategy for the development of Ukraine's nuclear energy, the technology of high-capacity light-water reactors AP1000 is an acceptable choice, but it requires a feasibility study and taking of appropriate measures.
Mathematical models and methods of fluid dynamics in mobile tanks
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Timokha Alexander
Published: April 2022

The report considers new important fundamental results in the field of mathematical problems of the dynamics of liquid-filled bodies with a free surface, obtained at the Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. These results potentially have a wide range of applications, from traditional engineering (metallurgy, rocketry, aircraft-, shipbuilding, new materials with predefined properties, etc.) to biomedicine, drug development and biotechnology. It was emphasized that for further effective development of this area it is necessary to strengthen coordination with institutions of the NAS of Ukraine in the field of biomedical and materials science, expand international scientific cooperation and pay special attention to training highly qualified scientific personnel of the relevant specialization.
Interaction behavior between bisphenol AP and pepsin: Insights from density functional theory, and spectroscopic and molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Guan Tianzhu , Li Ning , Gao Ya , Zhang Longfei , Hu Qin , Li Huaxiang , Yang Ming , Xiao Lixia , Yuan Lei , Yang Zhenquan
Published: April 2022

Overuse of polymer materials has caused increasing direct human exposure to bisphenol AP (BPAP). Through the contaminated environment and food chains, the adverse effects of BPAP on humans and plants induce growing concerns. In this study, the effects of BPAP on pepsin structure changes were exhaustively investigated by multi-spectral methods. Under mimic physiological conditions, BPAP caused a gradient intrinsic fluorescence quenching by inducing microenvironmental changes surrounding residues with the endogenous fluorescence in pepsin. During the ground-state complex formation, the senior structures of pepsin were altered by BPAP addition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the secondary and tertiary structures of pepsin were changed after the addition of BPAP. Thermodynamic parameter analysis demonstrated that the pepsin and BPAP binding was a spontaneous process that was mainly driven by hydrophobic interaction and van der Waals force. With BPAP as the subject of density functional theory experiments, the energies of the highest occupied molecular orbital, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, and the electrostatic potential were calculated to evaluate the electronic distribution of BPAP. Molecular docking experiments displayed that in the specific interaction pattern, hydrogen-bonding between one of the hydroxyl groups and specific amino acids was vital in stabilizing the BPAP−pepsin complex. The root mean square deviation, total hydrogen bonds statistic, and Ramachandran map obtained by molecular dynamic simulations validated the findings and predicted the rationality of the complex structure. This study provides an experimental and theoretical basis for understanding the binding mechanism of bisphenol pollution and pepsin. It also puts forward strategies to strengthen food safety and achieve precise control of environmental contaminants in the food industry.
International trade of marine products in India
Authors: Ali Sayeed Saleem , Shende N.V. , Vaidkar R. D.
Published: April 2022

The present study entitled International trade of marine products in India was under taken to estimate the growth rate and instability of marine products in India.The study also explores the competitiveness of Indian marine products. The study is based on secondary data collected from various government publication and websites like MPEDA, FAOSTAT, INDIASTAT, DGCI and S, DOF, DOC The data regarding marine products export quantity and value, import quantity and value, international price and domestic price of marine products in India was collected from 2000 to 2020. Which includes 20 years data. The period has been divided in to three periods i.e. period I (2000-01to2009-10), period II (2010-11to2019-20) and overall period (2000-01 to 2019- 20). The data collecting from secondary sources was subjected to appropriate analytical techniques in order to arrive at meaning ful conclusion. The different analytical techniques used in the study were growth rates, instability index, nominal protection coefficient (NPC) and factor affecting of marine products. (cobb-Douglas demand function) in order to fulfil objectives of the study. The analysis of marine export displayed positive and significant compound growth rate for overall period for in the other hand export value also exhibited the significant growth at one per cent level of significant for the same period of study. These export value increase in different interval. Import quantity and value of marine in India for period 1 was negative whereas period II and overall period were positive and significant growth. The co-efficient of variation was import quantity and value was found highest in overall period and low in period I and II export quantity and value was found highest in overall period and low in period I and period II. In case of instability index marine products import quantity and value in stability found to be high in period IIl owin period I as an overall period the instability was found to be increasing in marine products. Export quantity and value found to be high in the period I low in the period II and overall period. The NPC value of marine products showed that, the value in period I was 0.81 and period II was 1.94 and for overall period it was 1.38 which indicates marine products is non-competitive in international market. For factor influencing export of marine products, Cobb-Douglas function exhibited high value of R2 was noticed for export of marine products i.e. (0.88), which indicate the best fitfor equation marine export was observed influence by one factors. i.e. export price. Significant at one per cent level.
Design and Evaluation of a Prototype Low-Damage Beam-Column Connection for Mass Timber Moment Frames
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Richmann Samuel
Published: April 2022

A moment-resisting, beam-column connection for mass timber moment frames was developed, designed and tested. The design was intended to limit damage to the timber members by creation of a ductile failure mechanism in steel U-shaped flexural plates (UFPs). Using design equations developed by previous research on UFPs by Baird, et al. (2014) as well as accepted design practices from the NDS and AISC, the components were sized to eliminate failure in the timber. The connection was tested using a quasi-static lateral displacement method following the procedure outlined in section K2.4b of AISC 341-16. A vertical load was placed on the system to replicate lower level behavior of mid-rise construction. During testing, visible and audible cracking of the timber column was observed, indicating the UFPs were not properly engaged to limit failure of the timber members. Further analysis of the measured load displacement result indicated that much of the energy dissipation seen in the system was likely due to failure of timber column. Analysis also indicated that the system was not as stiff as expected due to slip of the connection relative to the timber. The failure of the system to meet expectations indicates that further efforts are required to better understand the performance of UFPs. The results of this project also indicate the challenge of developing a low-damage moment resisting connection which streamlines installation without sacrificing functionality.
Tensile Strength Evaluation of Glulam Connection with Screw Fasteners
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Sharpshair Bradley
Published: April 2022

Multiple knife plate and external steel plate deep-beam glulam connections were investigated in a series of destructive tests within the Infrastructure Testing and Applied Research laboratory at Portland State University. The goal of these tests was to better understand the failure mode and ultimate load capacity of the large-scale glulam moment connections. Two different types of tests were performed on each connection; one with axial loading, and another loaded in flexure. The first, smaller, axial tests were conducted to inform the later, much larger, bending tests. The results of these tests helped to develop future designs as well as provide adequate proof of concept for an ongoing project. Each of the failure types were cataloged and the ultimate loads of each tested connection were compared to estimated design capacities. Block shear and shear type splitting were the most observed failure types. The results demonstrated the knife plate connection consistently failing before the expected load was reached, whereas the external steel plate connection regularly exceeding the expected loads.
Gerenciando o SUS no nível municipal ante a Covid-19: uma análise preliminar
Authors: Tasca Renato , Martins carrera Mariana Baleeiro , Malik Ana Maria , Schiesari Laura Maria César , Bigoni Alessandro , Costa Cinthia Ferreira , Massuda Adriano
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este é um estudo observacional, exploratório, que utilizou metodologia qualitativa, com apoio de dados quantitativos, para analisar a resposta do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) à Covid-19 em três municípios brasileiros. Utilizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas para escuta e diálogo com gestores das cidades analisadas, que foram orientadas por roteiro para explorar a percepção dos gestores durante o processo de resposta à pandemia, compreender as motivações que orientaram suas escolhas estraté- gicas e visualizar as fragilidades e potencialidades do sistema municipal em uma emergência de saúde pública. Realizou-se análise qualitativa considerando pontos-chave da resposta do SUS à pandemia, entre eles, coordenação e governança, vigilância e prevenção, e rede de serviços de saúde. Nos resultados, apresentam-se e discutem-se as principais características dos municípios, o curso da pandemia em 2020, ações de resposta adotadas; e exibe-se uma análise do padrão de resposta dos gestores do SUS municipal na pandemia.
Supreme Court rulings at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic: impacts on Brazilian federalism?
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Manuel Bessa , Ouverney Assis Luiz Mafort
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT In the current pandemic context, the Supreme Court (STF) is a rich field of research for understanding how political-ideological disputes are intertwined with bureaucratic-administrative issues. Authors argue that the STF tends to issue more favorable rulings to the Federal Government than to the states or municipalities in interfederative disputes. This paper aimed to analyze and reflect on the decision-making impact of the STF on government actions within the debate on interfederative relation- ships, considering the current context and verifying whether the pandemic changes such trend of favoring the Federal Government. Thirty-three collegiate rulings were made using the keywords “Coronavirus” and “Covid-19” and the first half of 2020 as a chronological landmark. A typology was constructed for the analysis: ‘Regulation and Territorial Management’, ‘Health Policies and Services’, ‘Employment and Income’, ‘Public Finance’, and ‘Others’. In a context marked by tensions and omissions, the role of the STF in resolving conflicts of interfederative competence was reinforced, suggesting an inversion of the centralist tendency in Brazilian jurisprudence. On the other hand, we could question the extent to which this situation could reinforce the role of subnational entities and, therefore, of Brazilian federalism.
Concepções de adultos e idosos brasileiros sobre a pandemia da Covid-19 e suas interfaces sociais e políticas
Authors: Silva Juliana Guimarães e , Branco July Grassiely de Oliveira , Callou Filho Cesario Rui , Abdon Ana Paula Vasconcellos , Silva Carlos Antonio Bruno da , Brilhante Aline Veras Morais
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar as concepções da população brasileira acerca da pandemia da Covid-19 em interface com o contexto social e político. Estudo transversal, realizado em cinco regiões brasileiras, entre maio e junho de 2020. Aplicou-se questionário on-line com variáveis socioeconômicas e aspectos relacionados com a concepção da Covid-19. Análises bivariadas e multivariadas avaliaram as associações do desfecho ‘concepções sobre a pandemia da Covid-19’. Dos 1.113 participantes, 68,7% foram infectados ou conheciam alguém, destes, 32,7% sem necessidade de internação. Dos 90,4% que classificaram a Covid-19 como doença grave, 71,2% não se sentiam seguros para cuidar do doente em casa. Sobre o acesso à infor- mação, 51,1% acessaram os meios oficiais e não oficiais, e 90,0% consideraram necessário o distanciamento social. Na análise multivariada, concepção sobre a gravidade da Covid-19 ‘ser uma doença como outra qualquer’ manteve a associação com o sexo (OR=1,1756; p=0,025), a região (OR=1,455; p=0,001), a pandemia no Brasil (OR=0,759; p=0,035) e a necessidade do distanciamento social (OR=20,003; p=0,000). Avanços da pandemia, combinados aos discursos dicotômicos, certamente trarão desdobramentos complexos na crise social, econômica e política no período pós-pandemia.
Health/mental health practices and care production during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Bang Claudia , Lazarte Viviana , Chaves Federico Agustin , Casal Mariana
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT This paper is related to two institutional scientific research projects, which research on mental health care practices during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyze health and mental health practices focused on maintaining the assistance bonds and strengthening of care-producing networks in the context of pandemic, developed in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. This exploratory and descriptive study uses qualitative techniques for data collection and analysis. Several core issues of characterization and analysis of experience are addressed based on the reconstruction of four brief experiences from our own professional practice. It is concluded that these practices recover the perspective of health and mental health care through the humanization of the bond and the inclusion of the affective dimension in mental health care practices. From very diverse institutional territories and through flexible and creative interventions, these practices have managed to maintain participatory processes, consolidate interdisciplinary approaches and strengthen community care networks in an exceptional and complex context.
Contracepção Reversível de Longa Duração (Larc): solução ideal para tempos pandêmicos?
Authors: Brandão Elaine Reis
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O artigo discute uma correlação muito frequente notada a partir do desencadeamento da pan- demia de Covid-19 no mundo e no Brasil, ou seja, maior abertura e incentivo aos métodos Contraceptivos Reversíveis de Longa Duração (Larc) em decorrência das restrições sociais trazidas pela crise sanitária. De certa forma, a gravidade da pandemia justifica social e humanitariamente o recurso mais sistemático aos métodos de longa duração, na tentativa de evitar uma gravidez imprevista. A pesquisa antropológica se apoia em vasto material empírico documental no sentido de analisar e compreender as lógicas sociais subjacentes a esses expedientes, amplamente disseminados em contextos de pobreza e de precariedade social. A ampliação da oferta de métodos contraceptivos nos sistemas públicos de saúde é sempre desejável, respeitando-se a autonomia reprodutiva das mulheres e sua liberdade para escolher e decidir o que melhor lhes convém em determinado momento de sua vida. O problema reside na compreensão generalizada de que nem todas as mulheres têm condições para escolher e decidir, devendo ser ‘aconselhadas’ a aceitar um método de longa duração, por razões médicas/de saúde. Os limites tênues entre autodeterminação e coerção ou compulsoriedade obrigam a refletir sobre quão arriscada pode se tornar essa aposta.
Inequalities in the provision of hospital care in the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil: an integrative review
Authors: Santos Priscilla Paiva Gê Vilella dos , Oliveira Ricardo Antunes Dantas de , Albuquerque Mariana Vercesi de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic raises concern about global health systems’ response capacity and resilience. In Brazil, several studies analyzed this issue of providing health services and resources to meet the Sars-CoV-2 cases. This study aims to understand and analyze the inequalities in providing hospital care of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) to care for severe Covid-19 cases. An integrative literature review was carried out from March to December 2020, mainly in Public Health, focusing on the regional distribution and the public-private relationship of hospital care. We employed databases BVS and SciELO and institutional sources. Forty-two studies were analyzed from geographic space, seen by socio-spatial inequalities, and from the social protection system in health, through public-private relationships. The studies indicate significant inequalities in public-private arrangements and the regional distribution of the supply of resources analyzed in the most diverse spatial scales. Inequalities are significant even in regions historically privileged by hospital resources. Supply segmentation and interdependence between the public and private sectors impose severe limitations to combat Covid-19 in Brazil and exacerbate health inequalities.
Rede de Informações e Comunicação sobre a Exposição de Trabalhadores/Trabalhadoras ao Sars-CoV-2 no Brasil
Authors: Nunes Camila Henriques , Cavalcante Ana Luiza Michel , Campos Augusto de Souza , Cozendey-Silva Eliana Napoleão , Mattos Rita de Cássia Oliveira da Costa , Moura-Correa Maria Juliana , Teixeira Liliane Reis
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste relato de experiência foi apresentar os resultados parciais, potencialidades e reflexões sobre a implantação da Rede de Informações e Comunicação sobre a Exposição de Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras ao Sars-CoV-2 no Brasil. Essa Rede de Informações e Comunicação busca contribuir com a produção e a disseminação de informações sobre o enfrentamento da pandemia, divulgando normas e orientações de prevenção à saúde dos(as) trabalhadores(as) que estão exercendo atividades presenciais em diversos ramos produtivos durante a pandemia. Simultaneamente, a Rede desenvolveu instrumentos de registro da situação de exposição desses(as) trabalhadores(as), pela ação interinstitucional das unida- des de ensino e pesquisa, serviços e a representação da sociedade civil organizada. As ações integradas de informação e comunicação têm o propósito de articular saberes, práticas e políticas públicas com o objetivo de fortalecer a Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora e ações direcionadas à promoção da saúde em populações expostas ocupacional e ambientalmente ao Sars-CoV-2.
Tilapia nursery stocking densities in a chemoautotrophic biofloc system
Authors: Silva Bruno Corrêa da , Massago Haluko , Andrade Jaqueline Inês Alves de , Serafini Raphael de Leão , Jatobá Adolfo
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT The nursery phase in tilapia using biofloc technology is important as it increases the predictability of production. However, none studies evaluating the stocking densities of tilapia focused only on the use of an inorganic carbon source to promote the nitrification process as the main way to control nitrogen in the system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of varied nursery stocking densities, in a chemoautotrophic biofloc system, on water quality, zootechnical parameters, and health of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fifteen tanks (100 L capacity) containing heaters (28 ±1°C) inoculated with mature bioflocs were used. Seven hundred and fifty tilapia fingerlings (weighing 0.66 ±0.17 g) were distributed in the tanks, in triplicate, so that the densities in the tanks reached 200, 350, 500, 650, and 800 fish m-3. Dissolved oxygen and tilapia growth showed a negative linear relationship with fish density. A positive linear relationship with density was observed for nitrogen compounds, alkalinity, suspended solids, yield, and feed conversion. However, the water quality parameters were appropriate for tilapia and allowed good zootechnical performance irrespective of the fish density. Hematological parameters, fish survival, and uniformity in growth did not alter with densities. Total suspended solids produced by fish biomass showed a quadratic relationship with density, with the highest efficiency of the tanks stocked with 406 fish m-3. It is possible to construct a tilapia nursery in chemoautotrophic biofloc systems with densities reaching up to 800 fish m-3 and yield exceeding 12 kg m-3. But the density of 406 fish m-3 had a better efficiency in solid production by biomass.
Empoderamento feminino na agricultura: um estudo na Lar Cooperativa Agroindustrial (Paraná)
Authors: Vedana Roberta , Shikida Pery Francisco Assis , Garcias Marcos de Oliveira , Arends-Kuenning Mary Paula
Published: April 2022

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi mensurar e analisar o empoderamento das mulheres, em sua maioria agricultoras, associadas à Lar Cooperativa Agroindustrial ou participantes enquanto cônjuges dos cooperados. Para a obtenção dos resultados, foram coletados dados primários por meio de questionários aplicados a 150 casais de agricultores e agricultoras, totalizando 300 entrevistados. A partir desses dados, foi feita a aplicação de uma adaptação do Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI). O resultado da pontuação, por meio do índice WEAI adaptado, indicou que ocorre forte empoderamento feminino, pois atendem requisitos em mais de 80% dos indicadores ponderados. O teste de sensibilidade, considerando outros pontos de corte, confirmou esse resultado. Ademais, verificou-se que, mesmo que as mulheres apresentem um nível elevado de empoderamento, a disparidade entre os gêneros, em favor dos homens, ainda persiste. Ou seja, evidencia-se que, embora o status das mulheres vinculadas à agricultura na região Oeste do Paraná seja elevado, a lacuna entre os gêneros, em favor dos homens, prevalece. Por fim, constatou-se que os entrevistados possuem uma percepção positiva sobre o empreendedorismo e reconhecem a importância de atividades que estimulem uma maior atuação feminina na agricultura, sobretudo aquelas promovidas pela Cooperativa.
Análise comparativa da competitividade das exportações de soja em grão do Brasil, Estados Unidos e Argentina
Authors: Figueira Sergio Rangel Fernandes , Galache Vinicius de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

Resumo O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar o desempenho das exportações de soja em grão do Brasil, Estados Unidos e Argentina no período de 2002 a 2017. Como procedimento metodológico, analisou-se as séries temporais dos maiores exportadores e importadores, e utilizou-se do modelo Constant Market Share para mensurar os efeitos crescimento do comércio mundial, destino das exportações e competitividade dos três maiores exportadores. A China foi o maior responsável por impulsionar o crescimento mundial das importações de soja em grão no período analisado. O efeito crescimento do comércio mundial favoreceu os três países exportadores. Os EUA e a Argentina foram favorecidos pelo destino das exportações. O efeito competitividade, por sua vez, se mostrou positivo para o Brasil e negativo para a Argentina e os Estados Unidos. Concluindo-se, o efeito competitividade positivo brasileiro se deveu ao crescimento da participação nas importações chinesas (de 29% para 44%) e dos Outros Mercados Importadores (de 18,74% para 38,63%). A Argentina e os EUA perderam participação no mercado chinês, nos outros mercados importadores e nas importações mundiais. No entanto, não se deve estender tal conclusão para o complexo agroindustrial da soja, pois a maior parte das exportações argentinas são de farelo e óleo de soja.
Educational status, testosterone replacement, and intelligence outcomes in Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Simonetti Luciane , Silva Magnus Regios Dias da , Mello Claudia Berlim de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT. Most male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism associated with infertility can be attributed to a single genetic condition such as Klinefelter syndrome (KS). This disease's wide phenotypic variability is frequently associated with mosaic 47,XXY lineages and testosterone replacement. Early diagnosis and treatment have been associated with better cognitive and intellectual outcomes, but the scope of this influence requires further investigation. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the intelligence profile of a cohort of patients with KS, considering the influence of educational level and clinical variables. Methods: Twenty-nine (9–65 years) individuals were submitted to the measures of intelligence quotient (IQ) (Wechsler's Scales) and adaptive behavior (Vineland-II). Linear regression analysis included the participants’ educational level and clinical variables (i.e., comorbidities and use of testosterone) as predictors and intellectual performance and adaptive behavior as outcomes. Results: Scores varied from intellectual deficiency to average ranges (82.5+15.8). There were significant differences between adult's and children's IQ and between verbal and nonverbal indexes. The level of education predicted both IQ and adaptive behavior. Testosterone replacement therapy and absence of seizures predicted only adaptive behavior. Conclusions: The level of education and hormonal therapy can be selectively implicated in the intellectual variability in KS.
Cortisol Reactivity to a physical stressor in Patients with Depression and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Beserra Ana , Oliveira Bruno , Portugal Eduardo , Dutra Patrícia , Laks Jerson , Deslandes Andrea , Moraes Helena
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT. Some prevalent mental disorders in the elderly, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and major depression disorder (MDD), are associated with chronic stress and consequently with possible dysregulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and cortisol levels in basal conditions or in the reactivity of an acute stressor. However, evidence of cortisol behavior after a physical stressor in patients with AD and MDD is scarce. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the cortisol reactivity to a single session of physical exercise in patients with MDD and AD and compare it to healthy control (HC) older individuals. Methods: HC individuals (n=10) and elderly with clinical diagnostic of MDD (n=08) and AD (n=13) were submitted to a single bout of aerobic exercise in a treadmill during 30 minutes of moderate intensity. Salivary cortisol was collected before and after acute stressor. A repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), spearman correlation, and linear regression were performed. Results: The repeated-measure ANOVA revealed no interaction for cortisol on the moment×group [F(2.000, 28.000)=1.285; p=0.293] and no effect for group (F=0.323; p=0.727). However, a significant effect for moment [F(1.000, 28.000)=4.930; p=0.035] was found, with a decreased cortisol levels in postexercise for all groups. The effect size (ES) of cortisol reduction was small for patients with MDD (d=0.402) and trivial for patients with AD (d=0.166) and HC group (d=0.090). Conclusions: All participants show a decreased cortisol reactivity to a physical stressor, which can be associated with an impairment in coping with an acute stressor.
Formação na Residência Médica: visão dos preceptores
Authors: Carvalho Filho Aderval de Melo , Santos Almira Alves dos , Wyszomirska Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes , Gauw Juliana Holanda de , Gaia Iandara Maria Sampaio Ribeiro Soares , Houly Ricardo Macedo
Published: April 2022

Resumo: Introdução: A residência médica é uma especialização estabelecida como padrão-ouro para formar especialistas. Trata-se de uma fase profissional transformadora para o jovem médico, cuja finalidade é aprimorar a qualidade da formação médica. Ao atuar na formação do residente ao mesmo tempo que presta assistência aos usuários, o preceptor se torna uma espécie de interlocutor entre o ensino e a assistência. Cabe a esse profissional estimular os residentes a desenvolver senso clínico e ético, e há relatos de que, em geral, o preceptor não possui preparação para as funções docentes. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as vivências e os entendimentos dos preceptores em relação à atividade de ensino nas residências médicas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e quantitativo, composto por 300 preceptores, de todas as faixas etárias e sexos, realizado em Maceió, em Alagoas. Foi aplicado um questionário elaborado e validado por Girotto, contendo 35 afirmações, divididas em cinco fatores, com ênfase nas opiniões dos preceptores sobre vários temas envolvendo suas atividades. Analisaram-se os percentuais de percepção positiva e de percepção negativa sobre cada afirmação. Resultado: Houve predomínio de percepção positiva sobre aptidão para atividades educacionais (88,67%), desenvolvimento de correlações teórico-práticas na preceptoria (96%), percepção de necessidade de aprendizagem (98,33%) e atualização (87%). Também houve percepção positiva sobre a presença de recursos essenciais para as atividades docentes (71%); além disso, 91% dos preceptores relataram que a preceptoria integra o residente na sua equipe. Porém, é interessante o fato de a preceptoria ser uma tarefa não remunerada (75,34%). Além disso, não há capacitações pedagógicas (72%). Conclusão: Os preceptores estão inseridos em um ambiente adequado para suas atividades docentes, com estrutura física apropriada, além de contarem com suporte da chefia e da instituição. Sentem-se aptos para ensinar, porém, em geral, não receberam capacitação docente. Os residentes estão adequadamente inseridos no ambiente da residência, o que resulta na melhora do serviço. Contudo, os preceptores, em geral, não são remunerados para essa tarefa.
Training in Medical Residency: the preceptors’ view
Authors: Carvalho Filho Aderval de Melo , Santos Almira Alves dos , Wyszomirska Rozangela Maria de Almeida Fernandes , Gauw Juliana Holanda de , Gaia Iandara Maria Sampaio Ribeiro Soares , Houly Ricardo Macedo
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Medical residency is a specialization established as the gold standard for the training of specialists. It is a transformative professional phase for the young physician, aimed at improving the quality of medical training. By fostering the resident’s training while providing assistance to the users, the preceptor becomes a type of interlocutor between teaching and assistance. This professional needs to encourage their residents to develop their clinical and ethical sense, and it is generally reported that the preceptors are not trained for their teaching duties. Objective: to analyze the preceptors’ experiences and understandings related to the teaching activity in medical residencies. Method: Descriptive and quantitative study, consisting of 300 preceptors, of all age groups and genders, from Maceió, Alagoas. A questionnaire created and validated by Girotto was applied, containing 35 statements, divided into five factors, with emphasis on the preceptors’ opinions on several topics involving their activities. The percentages of positive and negative perceptions about each statement were analyzed. Results: There was a predominance of positive perceptions about the aptitude for educational activities (88.67%), development of theoretical-practical correlations in preceptorship (96%), perception of the need for learning (98.33%) and updating (87%). There was also a positive perception related to the presence of essential resources for teaching activities (71%); additionally, 91% of the preceptors reported that preceptorship integrates the resident into their team. However, it is noteworthy the fact that preceptorship constitutes non-remunerated work (75.34%), as well as the non-performance of pedagogical training (72%). Conclusion: The preceptors are part of an adequate environment for their teaching activities, with appropriate physical structure, in addition to support from the management and the institution. They feel able to teach, but in general they have not received teaching training. The residents are adequately incorporated into the residency environment, improving the service. However, overall, the preceptors are not paid for this work.
Precisamos falar sobre uso de Metilfenidato por estudantes de medicina - revisão da literatura
Authors: Amaral Natália Aparecida , Tamashiro Eliza Maria , Celeri Eloisa Helena Rubello Valler , Santos Junior Amilton dos , Dalgalarrondo Paulo , Azevedo Renata Cruz Soares de
Published: April 2022

Resumo: Introdução: Estudos mostram que o metilfenidato (MPH) tem sido utilizado por estudantes de medicina para aumentar sua atividade mental e melhorar o desempenho exigido durante a graduação, gerando preocupações quanto aos riscos à sua saúde física e mental. Esse cenário indica a necessidade de medidas especificamente direcionadas nas escolas médicas. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobre o uso de MPH sem indicação médica entre estudantes de medicina. Método: Revisão minuciosa da literatura publicada em inglês, espanhol e português, entre 2013 e 2019, com base em dados disponibilizados pelo PUBMED e SCIELO, utilizando palavras-chave nos três idiomas acima, ao longo das quatro etapas do processo de seleção. Resultados e Discussão: Ao todo, foram encontrados 224 artigos, dos quais 25 foram selecionados após leitura, tratando do uso de MPH ou ‘potencializador da cognição’ por graduandos de medicina sem prescrição médica. A pesquisa indicou variabilidade significativa na frequência de consumo, relacionada ao padrão de uso investigado, uso com ou sem indicação, antes ou após a entrada na Universidade e país onde o estudo foi realizado. A justificativa mais frequente para o uso sem indicação médica foi a de obter melhora no desempenho acadêmico. Notou-se a carência de pesquisas com uma avaliação adequada dos riscos cognitivos, comportamentais e psíquicos envolvidos, entre eles o risco de adição e a abordagem do tópico nas escolas médicas. Conclusão: As altas taxas de uso do MPH por estudantes de medicina visando o aprimoramento cognitivo reforça a importância de ações preventivas nas escolas médicas. As estratégias devem considerar informações sobre os riscos do uso (do MPH) sem indicação médica; intervenções não farmacológicas para melhoria do desempenho cognitivo; medidas de higiene do sono; organização para atividades de estudo adequadas; amplas discussões sobre aspectos éticos e estrutura curricular.