bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Psl Targeting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms for Neutrophil-Mediated Disruption
Authors: Ray Valerie A. , Hill Preston J. , Stover C. Kendall , Roy Sashwati , Sen Chandan K. , Yu Li , Wozniak Daniel J. , DiGiandomenico Antonio
Published: November 2017

Bacterial biofilms are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and a major cause of persistent and recurrent infections. New antibody-based therapies may offer potential to target biofilm specific components for host-cell mediated bacterial clearance. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the Psl biofilm exopolysaccharide exhibit protective activity against planktonic bacteria in acute infection models. However, anti-Psl mAb activity against P. aeruginosa biofilms is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that anti-Psl mAbs targeting three distinct Psl epitopes exhibit stratified binding in mature in vitro biofilms and bind Psl within the context of a chronic biofilm infection. These mAbs also exhibit differential abilities to inhibit early biofilm events and reduce biomass from mature biofilms in the presence of neutrophils. Importantly, a mAb mixture with neutrophils exhibited the greatest biomass reduction, which was further enhanced when combined with meropenem, a common anti-Pseudomonal carbapenem antibiotic. Moreover, neutrophil-mediated killing of biofilm bacteria correlated with the evident mAb epitope stratification within the biofilm. Overall, our results suggest that anti-Psl mAbs might be promising candidates for adjunctive use with antibiotics to inhibit/disrupt P. aeruginosa biofilms as a result of chronic infection.
Reconstructing molar growth from enamel histology in extant and extinct Equus
Authors: Nacarino-Meneses Carmen , Jordana Xavier , Orlandi-Oliveras Guillem , Köhler Meike
Published: November 2017

The way teeth grow is recorded in dental enamel as incremental marks. Detailed analysis of tooth growth is known to provide valuable insights into the growth and the pace of life of vertebrates. Here, we study the growth pattern of the first lower molar in several extant and extinct species ofEquusand explore its relationship with life history events. Our histological analysis shows that enamel extends beyond the molar’s cervix in these mammals. We identified three different crown developmental stages (CDS) in the first lower molars of equids characterised by different growth rates and likely to be related to structural and ontogenetic modifications of the tooth. Enamel extension rate, which ranges from ≈400 μm/d at the beginning of crown development to rates of ≈30 μm/d near the root, and daily secretion rate (≈17 μm/d) have been shown to be very conservative within the genus. From our results, we also inferred data of molar wear rate for these equids that suggest higher wear rates at early ontogenetic stages (13 mm/y) than commonly assumed. The results obtained here provide a basis for future studies of equid dentition in different scientific areas, involving isotope, demographic and dietary studies.
Recurring Amplification at 11q22.1-q22.2 Locus Plays an Important Role in Lymph Node Metastasis and Radioresistance in OSCC
Authors: Bhosale Priyanka G. , Pandey Manishkumar , Cristea Simona , Shah Mickey , Patil Asawari , Beerenwinkel Niko , Schäffer Alejandro A. , Mahimkar Manoj B.
Published: November 2017

A key feature in the pathogenesis of OSCC is genetic instability, which results in altered expression of genes located in amplified/deleted chromosomal regions. In a previous study we have shown that the amplification of the 11q22.1-q22.2 region, encoding cIAP1 and cIAP2, is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor clinical outcome in OSCC. Here, we validate the aCGH results by nuc ish and detect a weak amplification at the 11q22.1-q22.2 locus in 37% of the 182 samples tested. We find positive correlation of 11q22.1-q22.2 amplification with lymph node metastasis, reduced survival, and increased cancer recurrence, and we observe that patients with 11q22.1-q22.2 amplification fail to respond to radiotherapy. We confirm the concurrent overexpression of cIAP1 and cIAP2 and observe differential subcellular localization of the two proteins in OSCC. To ascertain the roles of cIAP1/cIAP2 in lymph node metastasis and radioresistance, we use an in vitro pre-clinical model and confirm the role of cIAP1 in invasion and the role of cIAP2 in invasion and migration. Studies of other tumor types in which cIAP1 is overexpressed suggest that multi-regimen treatments including SMAC mimetics may be effective. Thus, the evaluation of 11q22.1-q22.2 amplifications in OSCC patients may help choose the most effective treatment.
Copolymers enhance selective bacterial community colonization for potential root zone applications
Authors: Pham Vy T. H. , Murugaraj Pandiyan , Mathes Falko , Tan Boon K. , Truong Vi Khanh , Murphy Daniel V. , Mainwaring David E.
Published: November 2017

Managing the impact of anthropogenic and climate induced stress on plant growth remains a challenge. Here we show that polymeric hydrogels, which maintain their hydrous state, can be designed to exploit functional interactions with soil microorganisms. This microbial enhancement may mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses limiting productivity. The presence of mannan chains within synthetic polyacrylic acid (PAA) enhanced the dynamics and selectivity of bacterial ingress in model microbial systems and soil microcosms. Pseudomonas fluorescens exhibiting high mannan binding adhesins showed higher ingress and localised microcolonies throughout the polymeric network. In contrast, ingress of Bacillus subtilis, lacking adhesins, was unaltered by mannan showing motility comparable to bulk liquids. Incubation within microcosms of an agricultural soil yielded hydrogel populations significantly increased from the corresponding soil. Bacterial diversity was markedly higher in mannan containing hydrogels compared to both control polymer and soil, indicating enhanced selectivity towards microbial families that contain plant beneficial species. Here we propose functional polymers applied to the potential root zone which can positively influence rhizobacteria colonization and potentially plant growth as a new approach to stress tolerance.
Equivalent model optimization with cyclic correction approximation method considering parasitic effect for thermoelectric coolers
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Jiajun , Zhang Kun , Chen Mingming , Jia Hongzhi
Published: November 2017

As thermoelectric coolers (TECs) have become highly integrated in high-heat-flux chips and high-power devices, the parasitic effect between component layers has become increasingly obvious. In this paper, a cyclic correction method for the TEC model is proposed using the equivalent parameters of the proposed simplified model, which were refined from the intrinsic parameters and parasitic thermal conductance. The results show that the simplified model agrees well with the data of a commercial TEC under different heat loads. Furthermore, the temperature difference of the simplified model is closer to the experimental data than the conventional model and the model containing parasitic thermal conductance at large heat loads. The average errors in the temperature difference between the proposed simplified model and the experimental data are no more than 1.6 K, and the error is only 0.13 K when the absorbed heat power Q
c
is equal to 80% of the maximum achievable absorbed heat power Q
max
. The proposed method and model provide a more accurate solution for integrated TECs that are small in size.
Electrochemical performance and interfacial properties of Li-metal in lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide based electrolytes
Authors: Younesi Reza , Bardé Fanny
Published: November 2017

Successful usage of lithium metal as the negative electrode or anode in rechargeable batteries can be an important step to increase the energy density of lithium batteries. Performance of lithium metal in a relatively promising electrolyte solution composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiN(SO2F)2; LiFSI) salt dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) is here studied. The influence of the concentration of the electrolyte salt −1 M or 4 M LiFSI- is investigated by varying important electrochemical parameters such as applied current density and plating capacity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis as a surface sensitive technique is here used to analyze that how the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase varies with the salt concentration and with the number of cycles.
Highly (001)-textured p-type WSe2 Thin Films as Efficient Large-Area Photocathodes for Solar Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Bozheyev Farabi , Harbauer Karsten , Zahn Clark , Friedrich Dennis , Ellmer Klaus
Published: November 2017

Highly (001)-textured, photoactive WSe2 thin films have been prepared by an amorphous solid-liquid-crystalline solid process promoted by palladium. By increasing the thickness of the Pd promoter film (≥10 nm) the structure and texture of the WSe2 films can be improved significantly. However, these as-crystallized WSe2 films are only weakly photoactive in a 0.5 М H2SO4 electrolyte under AM 1.5 solar irradiation which we attribute to an inefficient photogenerated charge transfer across the WSe2/electrolyte interface via the prevailing van der Waals planes of the WSe2 crystallites. In this work photochemically deposited platinum on the p-type WSe2 photocathode is used for an efficient electron transfer thus inducing the hydrogen evolution reaction. Upon illuminating the WSe2 photocathodes in a Pt-ion containing electrolyte, the photogenerated electrons reduce Pt+ to Pt leading to the precipitation of Pt islands, preferentially at edge steps of the WSe2, i.e. at the grain boundaries of the WSe2 crystallites. The increasing amount of Pt islands at the grain boundaries linearly enhances the photocurrent density up to 2.5 mA cm−2 at 0 VRHE in sulfuric acid, the highest reported value up to now for WSe2 thin films.
Tunable plasmonic substrates with ultrahigh Q-factor resonances
Authors: Chorsi Hamid T. , Lee Youngkyu , Alù Andrea , Zhang John X. J.
Published: November 2017

Precisely tailored plasmonic substrates can provide a platform for a variety of enhanced plasmonic applications in sensing and imaging. Despite the significant advances made in plasmonics, most plasmonic devices suffer critically from intrinsic absorption losses at optical frequencies, fatally restricting their efficiency. Here, we describe and engineer plasmonic substrates based on metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmon resonances with ultra-sharp optical transmission responses. Due to their sharp transmission spectrum, the proposed substrates can be utilized for high quality (Q)-factor multi-functional plasmonic applications. Analytical and numerical methods are exploited to investigate the optical properties of the substrates. The optical response of the substrate can be tuned by adjusting the periodicity of the nanograting patterned on the substrate. Fabricated substrates present Q-factors as high as ∼40 and refractive index sensing of the surrounding medium as high as 1245 nm/RIU. Our results indicate that by engineering the substrate geometry, the dielectric thickness and incident angle, the radiation losses can be greatly diminished, thus enabling the design of plasmonic substrates with large Q factor and strong sensitivity to the environment.
Production of recombinant human procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide and establishment of a sandwich ELISA for quantification
Authors: Seo Woo-Young , Kim Jeong-Ho , Baek Du-San , Kim Su-Jung , Kang Sujin , Yang Won Suk , Song Ji-Ae , Lee Moo-Seung , Kim Sunghoon , Kim Yong-Sung
Published: November 2017

Procollagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP), derived from type I procollagen, has been identified as an indicator of type I collagen synthesis in bone matrix formation and skin recovery. PICP is a heterotrimeric glycoprotein consisting of two α1 chains (PICPα1) and one α2 chain (PICPα2). Here, we report the recombinant expression of human PICP using a mammalian expression system. Co-expression of PICPα1 and PICPα2 in HEK293F cells resulted in the production of functional PICP in the correctly assembled heterotrimeric form. Using the recombinant PICP as an antigen, we isolated PICP-specific human monoclonal antibodies from phage-displayed antibody libraries and raised rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Using those antibodies, we then developed a sandwich ELISA for PICP with a limit of detection of 1 ng/mL and a measurable range of 1–640 ng/mL. Both intra- and inter-assay imprecision values were <10%. For measuring PICP levels in human fibroblast cellular extracts and culture supernatants and a human serum, the developed ELISA kit displayed comparable performance to that of a commercialized kit. Our results provide an efficient production strategy for recombinant PICP, facilitating the generation of PICP-specific antibodies and development of PICP sandwich ELISA, with potential use in clinical diagnosis of serum samples and testing of cosmeceutical ingredients in fibroblast cell cultures.
DNA methylation in silkworm genome may provide insights into epigenetic regulation of response to Bombyx mori cypovirus infection
Authors: Wu Ping , Jie Wencai , Shang Qi , Annan Enoch , Jiang Xiaoxu , Hou Chenxiang , Chen Tao , Guo Xijie
Published: November 2017

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that regulates a wide range of biological processes including immune response. However, information on the epigenetics-mediated immune mechanisms in insects is limited. Therefore, in this study, we examined transcriptomes and DNA methylomes in the fat body and midgut tissues of silkworm, Bombyx mori with or without B. mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) infection. The transcriptional profile and the genomic DNA methylation patterns in the midgut and fat body were tissue-specific and dynamically altered after BmCPV challenge. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that differentially methylated genes (DMGs) could be involved in pathways of RNA transport, RNA degradation, nucleotide excision repair, DNA replication, etc. 27 genes were shown to have both differential expression and differential methylation in the midgut and fat body of infected larvae, respectively, indicating that the BmCPV infection-induced expression changes of these genes could be mediated by variations in DNA methylation. BS-PCR validated the hypomethylation of G2/M phase-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase-like gene in the BmCPV infected midgut. These results demonstrated that epigenetic regulation may play roles in host-virus interaction in silkworm and would be potential value for further studies on mechanism of BmCPV epithelial-specific infection and epigenetic regulation in the silkworm.
High-density native-range species affects the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata more strongly than species from its invasive range
Authors: Zheng Yulong , Liao Zhiyong
Published: November 2017

Invasive plant species often form dense mono-dominant stands in areas they have invaded, while having only sparse distribution in their native ranges, and the reasons behind this phenomenon are a key point of research in invasive species biology. Differences in species composition between native and invasive ranges may contribute to the difference in distribution status. In this study, we found that the high-density condition had a more negative effect onC. odoratathan the low-density condition when co-grown with neighbor plants from its native range in Mexico, while this pattern was not in evidence when it was grown with neighbors from its invasive range in China. Different competitive ability and coevolutionary history withC. odoratabetween native-range neighbors and invasive-range neighbors may lead to the inconsistent patterns.
Effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease and mortality among middle-aged men: an eight-year longitudinal study
Authors: Choi Seulggie , Kim Kyuwoong , Chang Jooyoung , Kim Sung Min , Koo Hye-Yeon , Jun Ji-Hye , Cho Mi Hee , Lee Kiheon , Park Sang Min
Published: November 2017

Smoking cessation reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but also elevates fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels. The effect of post-cessation hyperglycemia on cardiovascular disease is unknown. The study population consisted of 127,066 men without type 2 diabetes from the Korean National Health Insurance System – Health Screening Cohort database. Change in smoking habits and FSG was determined by the difference in smoking status and FSG levels from the first (2002 and 2003) and second (2004 and 2005) health examinations. Continual smokers, quitters, ex-smokers, and never smokers were stratified according to FSG elevation. The study participants were followed-up for CVD and CVD-related death from 2006 to 2013. Compared to continual smokers, quitters had decreased risk of CVD among those without FSG elevation (hazard ratio, HR, 0.76, 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.66–0.86) and with FSG elevation (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72–0.96). Similarly, quitters had a tendency towards reduced risk of CVD-related death among those without FSG elevation (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.51–1.09) and with FSG elevation (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46–1.03). Post-cessation hyperglycemia did not attenuate the beneficiary risk-reducing effects of quitting on CVD and CVD-related death.
Elite long jumpers with below the knee prostheses approach the board slower, but take-off more effectively than non-amputee athletes
Authors: Willwacher Steffen , Funken Johannes , Heinrich Kai , Müller Ralf , Hobara Hiroaki , Grabowski Alena M. , Brüggemann Gert-Peter , Potthast Wolfgang
Published: November 2017

The use of technological aids to improve sport performance (‘techno doping’) and inclusion of Paralympic athletes in Olympic events are matters of ongoing debate. Recently, a long jumper with a below the knee amputation (BKA) achieved jump distances similar to world-class athletes without amputations, using a carbon fibre running-specific prosthesis (RSP). We show that athletes with BKA utilize a different, more effective take-off technique in the long jump, which provided the best athlete with BKA a performance advantage of at least 0.13 m compared to non-amputee athletes. A maximum speed constraint imposed by the use of RSPs would indicate a performance disadvantage for the long jump. We found slower maximum sprinting speeds in athletes with BKA, but did not find a difference in the overall vertical force from both legs of athletes with BKA compared to non-amputees. Slower speeds might originate from intrinsically lower sprinting abilities of athletes with BKA or from more complex adaptions in sprinting mechanics due to the biomechanical and morphological differences induced by RSPs. Our results suggest that due to different movement strategies, athletes with and without BKA should likely compete in separate categories for the long jump.
Structural basis of cholesterol binding by a novel clade of dendritic cell modulators from ticks
Authors: Roversi Pietro , Johnson Steven , Preston Stephen G. , Nunn Miles A. , Paesen Guido C. , Austyn Jonathan M. , Nuttall Patricia A. , Lea Susan M.
Published: November 2017

Two crystal structures of Japanin, an 18 kDa immune-modulatory lipocalin from the Brown Ear Tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus), have been determined at 2.2 and 2.4 Å resolution. In both crystal forms the protein is in complex with cholesterol, which sits in a closed pocket at the centre of the lipocalin barrel. Both crystal forms are dimers, which are also observed in solution. Molecular modelling suggests that previously-described members of a tick protein family bearing high sequence homology to Japanin are also likely to bind cholesterol or cholesterol derivatives.
Rapid, portable detection of endocrine disrupting chemicals through ligand-nuclear hormone receptor interactions
Authors: Hunt J. Porter , Schinn Song-Min , Jones Matthew D. , Bundy Bradley C.
Published: November 2017

Recent advances in biosensing technology are enabling rapid and portable detection of nuclear hormone receptor ligand endocrine disrupting chemicals.
A novel dual target simultaneous chemiluminescence signal amplification strategy for enhancing sensitivity of multiple biomolecule detection
Authors: Li Jian , Zhao Jingjin , Li Shuting , Zhang Liangliang , Lan Chuanqing , Huang Yong , Zhao Shulin
Published: November 2017

A G-quadruplex DNAzyme and nicking enzyme assisted multiplex chemiluminescence signal amplification based microchip electrophoresis method was developed for simultaneous detection of two trace biomolecules.
Study of Ce–Cu mixed oxide catalysts by in situ electrical conductivity measurements
Authors: Popescu Ionel , Piumetti Marco , Bensaid Samir , Marcu Ioan-Cezar
Published: November 2017

All the catalysts were partially reduced during catalysis and their semiconducting and catalytic behaviors depended on their composition.
Clarifying the dehydrogenation pathway of catalysed Li4(NH2)3BH4–LiH composites
Authors: Amica G. , Rönnebro E. C. E. , Arneodo Larochette P. , Gennari F. C.
Published: November 2017

The dehydrogenation reaction pathway of a catalysed Li4(NH2)3BH4 compound in the presence and absence of LiH was clarified.
Controlling N2O formation during regeneration of NOxstorage and reduction catalysts: from impact of platinum-group metal type to rational utilization
Authors: Zhu Jinxin , Wang Jun , Wang Jianqiang , Dong Mingxin , Shen Meiqing
Published: November 2017

New N2O controlling strategy: elucidating impact of PGM in by-products formation and then optimizing catalyst formations with rational PGM utilization.
Near-field chemical mapping of gold nanostructures using a functionalized scanning probe
Authors: Dab C. , Awada C. , Merlen A. , Ruediger A.
Published: November 2017

We report on photochemical and photophysical properties produced by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) on metallic nanograins by means of high resolution Functionalized Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (F-TERS).
Fluctuation enhancement of ion diffusivity in liquids
Authors: Orekhov Maksim A.
Published: November 2017

The diffusivity of ions in liquid solutions is known either to decrease with an increase in the ion size or to have a single maximum depending on the ion size. This article presents evidence for the appearance of multiple maxima and thus multiple ion sizes with enhanced diffusivity.
Correction: The generalized maximum hardness principle revisited and applied to atoms and molecules
Authors: Grochala Wojciech
Published: November 2017

Correction for ‘The generalized maximum hardness principle revisited and applied to atoms and molecules’ by Wojciech Grochala, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03101g.
Vertical charge transport through transition metal dichalcogenides – a quantitative analysis
Authors: Zhu Yuqi , Zhou Ruiping , Zhang Feng , Appenzeller Joerg
Published: November 2017

Effective mass in the vertical direction of MoS2 and WSe2 has been extracted for the first time.
A light-driven modulation of electric conductance through the adsorption of azobenzene onto silicon-doped- and pyridine-like N3-vacancy graphene
Authors: Zhao Jun , Liu Chunyan , Ma Jing
Published: November 2017

Upon the physisorption of azobenzenes onto pyridine N and Si doped graphene, light-driven trans-to-cis isomerizations result in modifications of electric conductance and energy storage.
Fortune teller fermions in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Damljanović Vladimir , Popov Igor , Gajić Radoš
Published: November 2017

Newly discovered electronic dispersion in non-magnetic, two-dimensional materials with negligible spin-orbit coupling.
Palladium-catalyzed direct C–H ethoxycarbonylation of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles and efficient synthesis of suvorexant
Authors: Sang Rui , Zheng Yang , Zhang Hailong , Wu Xiaohua , Wang Qiantao , Hai Li , Wu Yong
Published: November 2017

Palladium-catalyzed direct ethoxycarbonylation with diethyl azodicarboxylate was developed and its reaction mechanism was explored by using DFT calculations.
Luminescence properties and energy transfer behavior of colour-tunable white-emitting Sr4Al14O25 phosphors with co-doping of Eu2+, Eu3+ and Mn4+
Authors: Wang Ziyao , Hou Xifeng , Liu Yangai , Hui Zhuang , Huang Zhaohui , Fang Minghao , Wu Xiaowen
Published: November 2017

Eu2+, Eu3+ and Mn4+ co-doped Sr4Al14O25 phosphors were synthesized in air by high temperature solid-state reaction.
Prismatic morphology of an ADP crystal grown in a defined crystallographic direction
Authors: Lian Yafei , Yu Guangwei , Liu Fafu , Zhang Lisong , Xu Mingxia , Zhou Hailiang , Sun Xun , Gu Qingtian
Published: November 2017

The prismatic growth micro-morphologies of ADP and Cr3+-doped ADP in a defined crystallographic direction were explored by atomic microscopy (AFM) measurements.
Comparison of chemical, ultrasonic and thermal regeneration of carbon nanotubes for acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and triclosan adsorption
Authors: Wang Yifei , Wei Xiuming , Zhang Ruochu , Wu Yingfeng , Farid Muhammad Usman , Huang Haiou
Published: November 2017

Recovering the adsorption capacity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) is of importance to the sustainable use of MWCNT for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP).
Preparation of Cu(ii) porphyrin–TiO2 composite in one-pot method and research on photocatalytic property
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Ying , Feng Wenhua , Lei Hengtao , Li Jun
Published: November 2017

A promising strategy for porphyrin–TiO2 photocatalyst preparation by using sol–gel process and solvothermal condition showed prospective utilization in the field of dye pollutant photodegradation.
PES magnetic microspheres: preparation and performance for the removal of endocrine disruptor-BPA
Authors: Yu Ting , Peng Minle , Yang Jiacao , Huang Xiang , Long Shengru , Zhang Gang , Wang Xiaojun , Yang Jie
Published: November 2017

PES magnetic microspheres were preparedviaelectrospraying andin situreaction, and they were applied for the removal of BPA.
Flexible grid-mesh electrodes fabricated by electroless copper plating on corona-treated PET substrates and coating with graphene for transparent film heaters
Authors: Kim Bu-Jong , Park Jong-Seol , Yoo Ria , Park Jin-Seok
Published: November 2017

Graphene-coated Cu mesh electrodes for transparent flexible film heaters have been successfully fabricated on corona-treated PET substrates via solution processes.
Influence of mono-lithium based initiators with different steric volumes on 1,4 unit content of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene using anionic polymerization
Authors: Zhu Xiu-zhong , Fan Xiao-dong , Zhao Na , Min Xin , Liu Jie , Wang Zi-chao
Published: November 2017

The influence of steric structural factors of mono-lithium based anionic initiators on 1,4 unit content of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene was investigated.
High performance transient organic solar cells on biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol composite substrates
Authors: Xi He , Chen Dazheng , Lv Ling , Zhong Peng , Lin Zhenhua , Chang Jingjing , Wang Hong , Wang Bin , Ma Xiaohua , Zhang Chunfu
Published: November 2017

Physically transient organic solar cells on PVA composite substrates have been successfully demonstrated for the first time.
Significant performance improvement of a terahertz photoconductive antenna using a hybrid structure
Authors: Bashirpour M. , Ghorbani S. , Kolahdouz M. , Neshat M. , Masnadi-Shirazi M. , Aghababa H.
Published: November 2017

Design of a photoconductive terahertz antenna based on a distributed Bragg reflector, recessed nanoplasmonic grating and recessed electrodes.
Label-free Raman spectroscopy provides early determination and precise localization of breast cancer-colonized bone alterations
Authors: Zhang Chi , Winnard Jr Paul T. , Dasari Sidarth , Kominsky Scott L. , Doucet Michele , Jayaraman Swaathi , Raman Venu , Barman Ishan
Published: November 2017

Raman spectral markers offer new routes to recognition of biomolecular alterations at sites of nascent and progressing metastatic cancer in bone.
Enhancing the stability and porosity of penetrated metal–organic frameworks through the insertion of coordination sites
Authors: Feng Rui , Jia Yan-Yuan , Li Zhao-Yang , Chang Ze , Bu Xian-He
Published: November 2017

Guided by the insertion of coordination sites within ligands, an interpenetrated metal–organic framework (MOFs) NKU-112 and a self-penetrated framework NKU-113 were obtained. The enhanced stability and porosity of NKU-113 prove the efficiency of the method for the structure and properties modulation of penetrated MOFs.
The thermoelectric power of band-filling controlled organic conductors, β′-(BEDT-TTF)3(CoCl4)2−x(GaCl4)x
Authors: Kiyota Yasuhiro , Kawamoto Tadashi , Mori Hatsumi , Mori Takehiko
Published: November 2017

The carrier-number dependence of the thermoelectric power is investigated in the band-filling controlled organic conductors, β′-(BEDT-TTF)3(CoCl4)2−x(GaCl4)x (BEDT-TTF: bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene).
A nano-LiNbO3 coating layer and diffusion-induced surface control towards high-performance 5 V spinel cathodes for rechargeable batteries
Authors: Kim Hyeongwoo , Byun Dongjin , Chang Wonyoung , Jung Hun-Gi , Choi Wonchang
Published: November 2017

The surface of a spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode was modified with a nano-LiNbO3 coating layer by employing a Nb citrate-coated Ni0.25Mn0.75(OH)2 precursor and subsequent single calcination with LiOH at 900 °C.
A novel hole extraction layer to enhance the performance of inverted organic solar cells
Authors: Qin Dashan , Cao Huan , Yan Cenqi , Meng Shuai-Shuai , Tang Jian-Xin , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: November 2017

The MoO3/PEIE/Ag anode markedly improves the power conversion efficiency of inverted organic solar cells relative to the MoO3/Ag anode.
Synthesis of Ag nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow silica spheres for efficient and selective removal of low-concentrated sulfur compounds
Authors: Fujiwara Kensei , Kuwahara Yasutaka , Sumida Yuki , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: November 2017

Hollow silica spheres encapsulating uniform AgNPs were fabricated by microwave assisted reduction, which act as efficient and reusable adsorbent for removal of sulfur compounds.
Heterobimetallic metal–organic framework nanocages as highly efficient catalysts for CO2conversion under mild conditions
Authors: Tang Lei , Zhang Shengbo , Wu Qilong , Wang Xinru , Wu Hong , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: November 2017

It is of critical importance to design and fabricate highly active and stable catalysts for CO2conversion.
Controlled synthesis and transformation of nano-hydroxyapatite with tailored morphologies for biomedical applications
Authors: Ma Xiaoyu , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Chengwei , Sun Yi , Ma Yifan , Dong Xiuling , Qian Jiangchao , Yuan Yuan , Liu Changsheng
Published: November 2017

Controllable nucleation, growth and transformation of nano-scaled hydroxyapatite from spherical to needle-like shapes with excellent dispersibility.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of new through-space conjugated luminogens constructed by folded tetraphenylethene
Authors: He Bairong , Luo Wenwen , Hu Shimin , Chen Bin , Zhen Shijie , Nie Han , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: November 2017

B–N bonding significantly impacts the electronic structure of through-space conjugation and thus the optical properties of folded tetraphenylethene derivatives.
Near-infrared electrochemiluminescence from non-toxic CuInS2 nanocrystals
Authors: Long Xiaoyan , Tan Xiao , He Yupeng , Zou Guizheng
Published: November 2017

Electrochemical redox-induced radiative charge transfer in non-toxic CIS NCs was investigated for the first time by ECL.
Comprehensive investigation of cytokine- and immune-related gene variants in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Yu Fengxue , Zhang Xiaolin , Tian Suzhai , Geng Lianxia , Xu Weili , Ma Ning , Wang Mingbang , Jia Yuan , Liu Xuechen , Ma Junji , Quan Yuan , Zhang Chaojun , Guo Lina , An Wenting , Liu Dianwu
Published: November 2017

Host genotype may be closely related to the different outcomes of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To identify the association of variants and HBV infection, we comprehensively investigated the cytokine- and immune-related gene mutations in patients with HBV associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). Fifty-three HBV-HCC patients, 53 self-healing cases (SH) with HBV infection history and 53 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited, the whole exon region of 404 genes were sequenced at >900× depth. Comprehensive variants and gene levels were compared between HCC and HC, and HCC and SH. Thirty-nine variants (adjusted P<0.0001, Fisher’s exact test) and 11 genes (adjusted P<0.0001, optimal unified approach for rare variant association test (SKAT-O) gene level test) were strongly associated with HBV-HCC. Thirty-four variants were from eight human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes that were previously reported to be associated with HBV-HCC. The novelties of our study are: five variants (rs579876, rs579877, rs368692979, NM_145007:c.*131_*130delTG, NM_139165:exon5:c.623-2->TT) from three genes (REAT1E, NOD-like receptor (NLR) protein 11 (NLRP11), hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2)) were found strongly associated with HBV-HCC. We found 39 different variants in 11 genes that were significantly related to HBV-HCC. Five of them were new findings. Our data implied that chronic hepatitis B patients who carry these variants are at a high risk of developing HCC.
Frequency control framework of power system with high wind penetration considering demand response and energy storage
Authors: Li Hanyu , Wang Jian , Du Zhaobin , Zhao Fang , Liang Huabin , Zhou Baorong
Published: November 2017

Aiming at the power system with high wind penetration, it is necessary to control the frequency stability under the wind turbine with less regulating capacity itself. Based on the study of the frequency regulation effect of demand response (DR) and energy storage system (ESS), this study presents a frequency modulation (FM) framework with high wind penetration considering both DR and ESS. Frequency characteristics models of wind power and ESS are established, respectively. Also, DR frequency control strategy is similar to under‐frequency load shedding (UFLS). Four FM modes are proposed as follows; the FM characteristics without wind power, with wind power, the joint of wind power and ESS, and the wind power considering DR and ESS. The MATLAB simulation platform provides an efficient way to achieve all those four modes. The FM mode of the wind power considering DR and ESS features greater FM capacity and better robustness than other three methods compared with FM ability and contribution to the stability of power system.
Implementierung des Q13 Palliativmedizin – Sicht der Lehrbeauftragten
Authors: Isermeyer Leonie , Ilse Benjamin , Marx Gabriella , Seidemann Stephanie , Jünger Jana , Nauck Friedemann , Alt-Epping Bernd
Published: November 2017

Einleitung 2009 wurde Palliativmedizin als Pflichtlehr- und Prüfungsfach in die Approbationsordnung für Ärzte aufgenommen. Trotz zahlreicher Impulse, das Fach flächendeckend und mit einem Mindestmaß an Qualität und Quantität in das Medizinstudium zu integrieren, legen Längsschnittuntersuchungen nahe, dass zwischen den Fakultäten noch immer deutliche Unterschiede in der palliativmedizinischen Ausbildung bestehen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es strukturelle, personelle und inhaltliche Rahmenbedingungen für gelungene palliativmedizinische Lehre zu identifizieren und Realisierungswege in Anbetracht förderlicher und hinderlicher Faktoren aufzuzeigen.

Methoden Leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews zu inhaltlicher Ausgestaltung und Stand der Implementierung wurden mit 15 der 36 Lehrbeauftragten für Palliativmedizin geführt. Diese wurden transkribiert und inhaltsanalytisch nach Meuser und Nagel ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Hinderlich für die Implementierung seien die mangelnde Anerkennung des Fachbereichs, die starre Struktur eines ohnehin ausgelasteten Medizinstudiums, mangelnde Erfahrungen sowie mangelnde personelle, finanzielle und zeitliche Ressourcen. Angesichts der Herausforderungen seien Anerkennung und Unterstützung, inner- und interfakultäre Zusammenarbeit, extracurriculares Engagement, Drittmittel und grundlegende Umstrukturierungsprozesse förderlich für den Implementierungsprozess.

Diskussion Um die Implementierung voranzutreiben, sollte der Wert von Teamarbeit deutlicher erkannt und ausgebaut werden. So könnte insbesondere die Ausarbeitung kompetenzbasierter und ressourcensparender Lehr- und Prüfungsformate effizient vorangetrieben werden. Grundsätzlich bräuchte es zudem eine Verbesserung der institutionellen Verankerung und Ausstattung. Um Mängel zu objektivieren, sollte eine Bedarfserhebung (Anzahl an Lehrstunden und Unterrichtseinheiten) erstellt werden, die entsprechende Forderungen unterstützen kann.
Anwendung der organerhaltenden Nierentumorchirurgie in der Behandlung von Patienten mit Nierenzellkarzinom im Stadium pT1/pT2 – eine unizentrische Trendanalyse
Authors: Ralla Bernhard , Buhl Stephanie , Goranova Irena , Pohle Margit , Maxeiner Andreas , Friedersdorff Frank , Magheli Ahmed , Hinz Stefan , Fuller Tom , Miller Kurt , Busch Jonas
Published: November 2017

Einleitung Für lokal begrenzte Nierenzellkarzinome (NZK) besteht die einzige kurative Therapie in der operativen Entfernung. Aktuelle nationale und europäische Leitlinien fordern bei kleinen Tumoren anstelle einer radikalen Nephrektomie (RN) eine organerhaltende Operation als offene oder minimal-invasive partielle Nephrektomie (PN). Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die zeitliche Entwicklung des Verhältnisses der Anwendung von RN und PN als minimal-invasive bzw. offene Verfahren, in Abhängigkeit der Tumorstadien pT1-pT2 an unserem Zentrum zu untersuchen.

Patienten und Methoden In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden Patienten eingeschlossen, die sich von 01/2008 bis 10/2014 wegen eines Nierenzellkarzinoms im Stadium pT1/pT2 einer chirurgischen Therapie an der Klinik für Urologie der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin unterzogen. Die Patienten erhielten eine PN bzw. RN als offene (OPN bzw. ORN), laparoskopische (LPN bzw. LRN) oder Roboter-assistierte laparoskopische (RAPN) Operation. Operative Daten wurden retrospektiv aus elektronisch gespeicherten Dokumenten des Klinikinformationssystems (KIS) erhoben. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse 758 Patienten mit histopathologisch nachgewiesenem Nierenzellkarzinom im Stadium pT1 /pT2 wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Bei 439 Patienten (57,9 %) wurde eine PN durchgeführt, die bei 254 (57,9 %) als LPN und 185 (42,1 %) als OPN durchgeführt wurde. Bei 319 Patienten (42,1 %) wurde eine RN durchgeführt, die bei 250 Patienten (78,4 %) als LRN und bei 69 Patienten (21,6 %) als ORN durchgeführt wurde. Im untersuchten Zeitraum zeigte sich ein Trend zur PN vor allem bei den Tumorstadien pT1a und pT1b. Patienten mit einem pT2 NZK wurden zum überwiegenden Teil durch eine RN behandelt, die in 40 – 53,9 % der Fälle als LRN durchgeführt wurde.

Diskussion Zusammenfassend zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Zentrumsanalyse eine in allen Tumorstadien häufige Anwendung von organerhaltenden bzw. minimal-invasiven Verfahren, wie von den aktuellen nationalen und europäischen Leitlinien gefordert.
Neufassung der Standard-Terminologie in der gastroenterologischen Endoskopie – Ergebnis eines Konsensusprojekts der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten
Authors: Meining Alexander , Schmidbauer Werner , Schumacher Brigitte , Denzer Ulrike , Keuchel Martin , Rosien Ulrich , Moog Gero , Götz Martin , Toermer Hans-Joachim , Jacobs Ralf , Hochberger Jürgen , von Delius Stefan , Lerch Markus , Lammert Frank , Wehrmann Till
Published: November 2017

Eine einheitliche und umfassende Terminologie ist essenziell in der korrekten Befunderfassung in der diagnostischen oder therapeutischen Endoskopie. Die bisher im deutschsprachigen Raum verfügbare Standard-Terminologie beruht auf einer im Jahr 1999 publizierten Version. Bedingt durch vielfältige Änderungen, neue Diagnosen und neue endoskopische Verfahren erfolgte koordiniert durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) eine umfassende Überarbeitung und Neustrukturierung der Terminologie. Die von einzelnen Arbeitsgruppen erarbeiteten Vorgaben wurden im Konsens verabschiedet und stehen nun (als Online-Dokument unter https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-121167 abrufbar) zur Modifikation der gängigen EDV-Dokumentationssysteme zur Verfügung. Um eine zeitgemäße Dokumentation auch in Zukunft zu gewährleisten, wurde beschlossen, dass in jährlichem Abstand die Updates oder Neuauflagen der Dokumentations-EDV einzelner Software-Firmen auf die Vorgaben der DGVS überprüft werden.
Sichtbarkeit onkologisch-klinischer Studien bei Ärzteschaft und Prüfzentren
Authors: Zippel C , Giesel F , Kopka K , Moosmann A
Published: November 2017

Ein Schwerpunkt translationaler Forschung ist die Initiierung und Durchführung von klinischen Studien früher Phasen. In diesem Beitrag wird
dargestellt, wie durch das Kommunikationsmittel eines Studienflyers die Sichtbarkeit onkologisch-klinischer Studien erhöht und der damit
verbundene Wissenstransfer in der Ärzteschaft gezielt unterstützt und gefördert werden kann. Darüber hinaus wird am Beispiel des
prospektiven PSMA-Multicenter Trials der Phasen-I/–II diskutiert, wie durch einen Studienflyer wesentliche inhaltliche und
organisationsbezogene Eckpunkte einer klinischen Studie wie Studienziel und -design kompakt und kostengünstig in der Ärzteschaft vermittelt
werden können. Die bessere Sichtbarkeit klinischer (Forschungs-)Studien – und insbesondere akademisch getriebener prospektiver Studien in
der Ärzteschaft – kann schließlich dazu führen, dass hierfür geeignete Patienten frühzeitig in den Prüfzentren identifiziert und nach
Einwilligung unmittelbar eingeschlossen werden. Schließlich geben wir allgemeine Hinweise zu Flyeraufbau und -inhalten, die Forschergruppen
als unterstützende Hilfe bei der Erstellung von Flyern für weitere klinische Studien dienen können.
ESGE-ESGENA technical specification for process validation and routine testing of endoscope reprocessing in washer-disinfectors according to EN ISO 15883, parts 1, 4, and ISO/TS 15883-5
Authors: Beilenhoff Ulrike , Biering Holger , Blum Reinhard , Brljak Jadranka , Cimbro Monica , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Hassan Cesare , Jung Michael , Neumann Christiane , Pietsch Michael , Pineau Lionel , Ponchon Thierry , Rejchrt Stanislav , Rey Jean-François , Schmidt Verona , Tillett Jayne , van Hooft Jeanin
Published: November 2017

Statements

1 Prerequisites. The clinical service provider should obtain confirmation from the endoscope washer-disinfector (EWD) manufacturer that all endoscopes intended to be used can be reprocessed in the EWD.

2 Installation qualification. This can be performed by different parties but national guidelines should define who has the responsibilities, taking into account legal requirements.

3 Operational qualification. This should include parametric tests to verify that the EWD is working according to its specifications.

4 Performance qualification. Testing of cleaning performance, microbiological testing of routinely used endoscopes, and the quality of the final rinse water should be considered in all local guidelines. The extent of these tests depends on local requirements. According to the results of type testing performed during EWD development, other parameters can be tested if local regulatory authorities accept this. Chemical residues on endoscope surfaces should be searched for, if acceptable test methods are available.

5 Routine inspections. National guidelines should consider both technical and performance criteria. Individual risk analyses performed in the validation and requalification processes are helpful for defining appropriate test frequencies for routine inspections.
2.7.1 Biphasic Systems
Authors: Claver C. , Godard C. , Lombardía A.
Published: November 2017

To overcome the inherent issue of catalyst recycling in homogeneous catalysis, much effort has been devoted to the heterogenization of catalysts onto solid supports and to the separation of the reactants (and/or products) and the catalyst using immiscible liquid phases (liquid multiphase catalysis). For these latter systems, solvents such as water, alcohols, ionic liquids, fluorous media, supercritical fluids, and gas-expanded liquids have been employed successfully as the catalyst phase. In this chapter, the most relevant biphasic catalytic systems involving NHC complexes are discussed. Particular attention is devoted to alkene metathesis, which is considered to be one of the most important processes that uses complexes with carbene ligands. Sulfonated or related water-soluble carbene ligands are also described for biphasic reactions, such as cyclization, C–C bond formation, and hydroformylation.
An IT outsourcing dilemma at Sick Kids Hospital
Authors: Babin Ron , Khan Mohamed Shazadh , Stewart Kyle
Published: November 2017

This teaching case is based on a true situation at the Hospital for Sick Children, in Toronto Canada. The case asks students to either assume the role of the CIO or to advise the CIO in making a decision to outsource IT at Sick Kids Hospital. The case requires students to understand three important issues: First, while health care costs continue to increase, automation of information is an important opportunity to streamline patient care and reduce costs in a hospital environment. Second, IT outsourcing, relying on external service providers to deliver complex technology services, is a fundamental business strategy across all industries and has great potential in the health care industry. Third, hospitals and health care have unique requirements for IT outsourcing, particularly the critical importance of patient data security and privacy.
Targeting Target with a 100 million dollar data breach
Authors: Pigni Federico , Bartosiak Marcin , Piccoli Gabriele , Ives Blake
Published: November 2017

In January 2014, the CEO of the renowned U.S. discount retailer Target wrote an open letter to its customers apologizing for the massive data breach the company experienced during the 2013 holiday season. Attackers were able to steal credit card data of 40 million customers and more were probably at risk. Share prices, profits, but above all reputation were all now at stake. How did it happen? What was really stolen? What happened to the data? How could Target win consumer confidence back? While the company managed the consequences of the attack, and operations were slowly back to normal, in the aftermath the data breach costs hundreds of million dollars. Customers, banks, and all the major payment card companies took legal action against Target. Some of these litigations remained unsettled 3 years later. The importance of the breach lays in its far broader consequences, rippling through the U.S. Congress, and raising consumer and industry awareness on cyber security. The case provides substantial data and information, allowing students to step into the shoes of Target executives as they seek answers to the above questions.
Scalable graphene aptasensors for drug quantification
Authors: Vishnubhotla Ramya , Ping Jinglei , Gao Zhaoli , Lee Abigail , Saouaf Olivia , Vrudhula Amey , Johnson A. T. Charlie
Published: November 2017

Simpler and more rapid approaches for therapeutic drug-level monitoring are highly desirable to enable use at the point-of-care. We have developed an all-electronic approach for detection of the HIV drug tenofovir based on scalable fabrication of arrays of graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) functionalized with a commercially available DNA aptamer. The shift in the Dirac voltage of the GFETs varied systematically with the concentration of tenofovir in deionized water, with a detection limit less than 1 ng/mL. Tests against a set of negative controls confirmed the specificity of the sensor response. This approach offers the potential for further development into a rapid and convenient point-of-care tool with clinically relevant performance.