bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolated Gastrocnemius Recession for Treatment of Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: Tallerico Valerie K. , Greenhagen Robert M. , Lowery Clinton
Published: November 2014

Introduction. Many surgeries exist for treatment of insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Another surgical option to consider is an isolated gastrocnemius recession. Recent studies have demonstrated the success of a gastrocnemius recession for noninsertional Achilles tendinitis. We hypothesize that an isolated gastrocnemius recession can be a successful, effective, and less invasive surgery for patients with chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Materials and Methods. This article presents a retrospective review of one surgeon’s results of 11 patients (2010-2012), with an average age of 59 years who presented with chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Gastrocnemius recessions, either endoscopic or open, were performed after an average of 6.2 months of conservative treatment. All patients’ radiographs were reviewed preoperatively for any calcaneal spurs and divided into groups accordingly. Average follow-up time postoperatively was 13.8 months. Plantarflexion strength, equinus deformity, as well as the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot instrument was assessed. Results. In all, 10/11 (91%) patients had high patient satisfaction, pain relief, no residual equinus deformity, loss in muscle strength and returned to regular activities successfully at 1-year follow up. All patients and groups had significant improvement in AOFAS scores. The median postoperative AOFAS score was 94.8. All patients and patient groups had significant improvement pre- to postoperatively. Patients without spurs appear to do better than patients with spurs. One patient developed recurrence of insertional heel pain and equinus deformity. Other complications included 2 sural nerve parasthesias, which resolved. Conclusion. An isolated gastrocnemius recession for chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy can provide high satisfaction, pain relief, and a faster recovery period with few or no complications.

Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV: Case series
Four-month-old infant with intussusception presenting as altered mental status
Authors: Maldonado Luis , Takagishi Jennifer
Published: November 2014

Objective:

To remind pediatric care providers that an altered mental status can be the only presenting symptom for intussusception, a life-threatening diagnosis.

Method:

A case report that presents a unique presentation of intussusception: a 4-month old boy with neurological findings after a reported head injury.

Conclusion:

Diagnosis of intussusception in the pediatric population is highly dependent on its classical presenting signs and symptoms: sudden severe colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, and an abdominal mass in children between 3 months and 6 years of age. Consider that an altered mental status can be the only presenting symptom.
Permanency in Early Medieval Emporia: Reassessing Ribe
Authors: Croix Sarah
Published: November 2014

This article seeks to demonstrate the permanent character of at least parts of the marketplace in Ribe (Denmark) from the first decades of its existence at the beginning of the eighth century. As with other early medieval emporia in northern Europe, it has been debated whether the marketplace was a permanent or seasonal site, the conclusion generally being that it would not have become permanently occupied until the AD 780s–790s. Although other markers of ‘urbanness’ can be found in the archaeological evidence from eighth-century Ribe, permanency is here considered as a decisive argument for its definition. Indeed, it is believed that it is through year-round, long-lasting occupation that a distinctively un-rural daily life could take shape. The material from the excavations conducted in 1985–1986 at Sct Nicolajgade 8 forms the empirical basis for this reassessment. By integrating artefacts in the contextual interpretation of the well-stratified deposits that characterize the archaeology of the marketplace, it is possible to identify several markers of permanency (site foundation, domestic life, and houses). Among them, particular focus is put on houses, whose presence at the site has been the object of controversy in previous research. By reconsidering the evidence and by comparing it to house finds from contemporary urban sites in northwestern Europe, former statements about the presence of houses at the marketplace in Ribe are challenged.
Bargaining-based jammer power allocation for dynamic eavesdropping scenario
Authors: Bowen Duan , Yueming Cai , Jianchao Zheng , Weiwei Yang , Wendong Yang
Published: November 2014

This paper proposes a bargaining-based jammer power allocation scheme for multi-source multi-destination wireless network in the presence of a friendly jammer and a malicious node which eavesdrops erratically. We formulate the erratic behavior of the eavesdropper as a novel model where the eavesdropper wiretaps the message of the legitimate sources with a certain probability in a time slot. Moreover, in order to obtain a fair and efficient solution, the jammer power allocation problem is modeled as a Nash bargaining game under the constraint of maximum transmit power of a friendly jammer, which is a convex optimization problem. Then, the closed form of the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) is derived, and a simple but effective centralized algorithm is proposed. Besides, we find that the even power allocation solution and the sum-secrecy-rate optimal solution are the special cases of the NBS, when the bargaining power is properly selected. Simulation results demonstrate that the NBS achieves a good performance in terms of both effectiveness and fairness.
Capacity analysis of LTE-Advanced HetNets with reduced power subframes and range expansion
Authors: Merwaday Arvind , Mukherjee Sayandev , Güvenç Ismail
Published: November 2014

The use of reduced power subframes in LTE Rel. 11 can improve the capacity of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) while also providing interference coordination to the picocell-edge users. However, in order to obtain maximum benefits from the reduced power subframes, setting the key system parameters, such as the amount of power reduction, carries critical importance. Using stochastic geometry, this paper lays down a theoretical foundation for the performance evaluation of HetNets with reduced power subframes and range expansion bias. The analytic expressions for average capacity and 5th percentile throughput are derived as a function of transmit powers, node densities, and interference coordination parameters in a two-tier HetNet scenario and are validated through Monte Carlo simulations. Joint optimization of range expansion bias, power reduction factor, scheduling thresholds, and duty cycle of reduced power subframes is performed to study the trade-offs between aggregate capacity of a cell and fairness among the users. To validate our analysis, we also compare the stochastic geometry-based theoretical results with the real macro base station (MBS) deployment (in the city of London) and the hexagonal grid model. Our analysis shows that with optimum parameter settings, the LTE Rel. 11 with reduced power subframes can provide substantially better performance than the LTE Rel. 10 with almost blank subframes, in terms of both aggregate capacity and fairness.
Gene expression profiling of immunomagnetically separated cells directly from stabilized whole blood for multicenter clinical trials
Authors: Letzkus Martin , Luesink Evert , Starck‐Schwertz Sandrine , Bigaud Marc , Mirza Fareed , Hartmann Nicole , Gerstmayer Bernhard , Janssen Uwe , Scherer Andreas , Schumacher Martin M , Verles Aurelie , Vitaliti Alessandra , Nirmala Nanguneri , Johnson Keith J , Staedtler Frank
Published: November 2014

Background

Clinically useful biomarkers for patient stratification and monitoring of disease progression and drug response are in big demand in drug development and for addressing potential safety concerns. Many diseases influence the frequency and phenotype of cells found in the peripheral blood and the transcriptome of blood cells. Changes in cell type composition influence whole blood gene expression analysis results and thus the discovery of true transcript level changes remains a challenge. We propose a robust and reproducible procedure, which includes whole transcriptome gene expression profiling of major subsets of immune cell cells directly sorted from whole blood.

Methods

Target cells were enriched using magnetic microbeads and an autoMACS® Pro Separator (Miltenyi Biotec). Flow cytometric analysis for purity was performed before and after magnetic cell sorting. Total RNA was hybridized on HGU133 Plus 2.0 expression microarrays (Affymetrix, USA). CEL files signal intensity values were condensed using RMA and a custom CDF file (EntrezGene‐based).

Results

Positive selection by use of MACS® Technology coupled to transcriptomics was assessed for eight different peripheral blood cell types, CD14+ monocytes, CD3+, CD4+, or CD8+ T cells, CD15+ granulocytes, CD19+ B cells, CD56+ NK cells, and CD45+ pan leukocytes. RNA quality from enriched cells was above a RIN of eight. GeneChip analysis confirmed cell type specific transcriptome profiles. Storing whole blood collected in an EDTA Vacutainer® tube at 4°C followed by MACS does not activate sorted cells. Gene expression analysis supports cell enrichment measurements by MACS.

Conclusions

The proposed workflow generates reproducible cell‐type specific transcriptome data which can be translated to clinical settings and used to identify clinically relevant gene expression biomarkers from whole blood samples. This procedure enables the integration of transcriptomics of relevant immune cell subsets sorted directly from whole blood in clinical trial protocols.
From Micro to Macro via Production Networks
Authors: Carvalho Vasco M.
Published: November 2014

A modern economy is an intricately linked web of specialized production units, each relying on the flow of inputs from their suppliers to produce their own output which, in turn, is routed towards other downstream units. In this essay, I argue that this network perspective on production linkages can offer novel insights on how local shocks occurring along this production network can propagate across the economy and give rise to aggregate fluctuations. First, I discuss how production networks can be mapped to a standard general equilibrium setup. In particular, through a series of stylized examples, I demonstrate how the propagation of sectoral shocks—and hence aggregate volatility— depends on different arrangements of production, that is, on different “shapes” of the underlying production network. Next I explore, from a network perspective, the empirical properties of a large-scale production network as given by detailed US input-output data. Finally I address how theory and data on production networks can be usefully combined to shed light on comovement and aggregate fluctuations.
Improving engagement in a quality collaborative
Authors: Howe Cathy , Bell Derek
Published: November 2014

The increasing financial constraints facing the NHS require that services be efficient and effective. Attempts to improve quality of care and services must also be efficient and effective. Quality improvement collaboratives (QICs) improve evidence-based practice within limited timescales by bringing teams together and providing ‘change agent’ support to follow a defined approach. The efficacy of QICs has yet to be demonstrated and little has been reported on how best to manage them efficiently. The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care Northwest London (CLAHRC NWL) QIC works with NHS-based teams on a range of clinical topics. An assessment framework was developed that allowed programme managers to review teams’ use of the QIC's approach and identify and address engagement problems. This study describes the application of this assessment framework to 49 CLAHRC NWL projects between 2009 and 2013. Changes made to address engagement problems included changes to collaborative learning approaches and changes to specific collaborative tools and method such as redesign or simplification of the tool or approach. The results show increasing engagement scores over successive rounds of projects. By reviewing and acting on issues regarding teams’ engagement, managers can make changes to improve implementation fidelity, increasing the potential value of the programme and the robustness of any evaluation.
Pet fish medicines
Authors: Loh Richmond
Published: November 2014

This article provides the practical veterinary aspects of treating common infectious diseases in fishes. A selection of drugs, routes of administration and dosages of medications are presented as treatment protocols for the various broad categories of ailments.
Stimmungen or "In the Mood for Differentiality"
Authors: Brito Matheus De
Published: November 2014

Review of Hans Ulrich GUMBRECHT. Atmosphere, Mood, Stimmung: On a Hidden Potential of Literature, Trans. Erik Butler, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2012, pp. 148 [1st ed. Munich, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2011]. ISBN 978-0-8047-8121-0 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_2-1_11
Two-quadratic modules and cofibration category
Authors: Ati̇k Hasan
Published: November 2014

In this paper, totally free 2-quadratic modules are defined. It is shown that the category of totally free 2-quadratic complexes is a cofibration category in the sense of Baues.
Daring Greatly: How the Courage to Be Vulnerable Transforms the Way We Live, Love, Parent, and Lead
Authors: Cutright Marc
Published: November 2014

Author Brené Brown is not only a best-selling popular author, but also a research professor at the University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work. This review examines the perspectives and findings she presents in Daring Greatly, summarizes the research method that led her to these findings, and discusses the potential utility of this book in the college student context.
Revisiting the Manuscripts of Perceval and the Continuations: Publishing practices and authorial transition
Authors: Tether Leah
Published: November 2014

This article revisits the manuscripts of Chrétien de Troyes’s Perceval and its Continuations with a view to reassessing the nature of the visible demarcations of authorial transition between the texts. First, it opens with an examination of the question as to whether it is justifiable to talk of a publishing trade in the Middle Ages. Through a discussion of existing scholarship on publishing prior to the print age, as well as a series of specific examples from medieval texts, the first section of the study puts forward an argument in favour of the term’s adoption in relation to medieval literature. Second, by then applying publishing and paratextual theory to the manuscripts of Perceval and the Continuations, using a theoretical framework influenced by Gérard Genette and others, it provides a re-evaluation of the current understanding of the relationships between these texts, as well as a reconsideration of how we might now perceive their reception amongst medieval audiences. Methodologically, it does this by means of a detailed analysis of the various ways in which all of the boundaries of authorship within the entire corpus of extant manuscripts were demarcated as part of the process of publication, considering the form, function and purpose of each example. Finally, given the new light shed on these texts by the analysis, and the resulting enrichment of our insights into their contemporary reception, the article argues for the benefit of utilising approaches to medieval literature such as this more broadly, such that the focus is no longer solely on the reader, but also on the publisher.
The tin-rich copper lithium stannides: Li3Cu6Sn4 and Li2CuSn2
Authors: Fürtauer Siegfried , Effenberger Herta S. , Flandorfer Hans
Published: November 2014

The Sn rich ternary intermetallic compounds Li3Cu6Sn4 (CSD-427097) and Li2CuSn2 (CSD-427098) were synthesized from the pure elements by induction melting and annealing at 400°C. Structural investigations were performed by powder- and single-crystal XRD. Li3Cu6Sn4 crystallizes in space group P6/mmm; it is structurally related to but not isotypic with MgFe6Ge6 (a = 5.095(2) Å, c = 9.524(3) Å; wR2 = 0.059; 239 unique F2-values, 17 free variables). Li3Cu6Sn4 is characterized by two sites with a mixed Cu:Sn occupation. In contrast to all other Cu-Li-Sn compounds known so far, any mixed occupation was found for Cu-Li pairs only. In addition, one Li site is only half occupied. The second Sn rich phase is Li2CuSn2 (space group I41/amd, a = 4.4281(15) Å, c = 19.416(4) Å; wR2 = 0.033; 213 unique F2-values, 12 atom free variables); it is the only phase in the Cu-Li-Sn system which is noted for full ordering. Both crystal structures exhibit 3D-networks which host Li atoms in channels. They are important for understanding the lithiation mechanism in Cu-Sn electrodes for Li-ion batteries.
Micro-Structural Analysis of Moisture-Induced Damage Potential of Asphalt Mixes Containing RAP
Authors: Ghabchi Rouzbeh , Singh Dharamveer , Zaman Musharraf , Hossain Zahid
Published: November 2014

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on moisture-induced damage potential of asphalt mixes using two different approaches: (i) micro-structural analysis of aggregate–asphalt bonding based on the surface free energy (SFE), and (ii) mechanical testing of asphalt mixes using retained indirect tensile strength ratio (TSR) and Hamburg wheel tracking (HWT). This study involved two phases. In the first phase, the SFE (non-polar, acidic and basic) components of a virgin PG 64-22 binder mixed with 0, 25, and 40 % of simulated RAP binder and aggregates (limestone, rhyolite, RAP extracted aggregate) were measured using a dynamic contact angle (DCA) device and a universal sorption device (USD), respectively. Thereafter, composite work of adhesion and composite work of debonding, and composite energy ratios for each combination of asphalt binder and aggregates were determined to assess the moisture-induced damage potential of the mixes containing different percentages of RAP (0, 25, and 40 %). In the second phase, the TSR and HWT tests were conducted on asphalt mixes containing different percentages of RAP (0, 25, and 40 %) to evaluate their moisture-induced damage potential. Both the methods showed that the moisture-induced damage potential decreased with increasing amount of RAP in asphalt mixes. A strong correlation was found to exist between the moisture-induced damage potential predicted using the micro-structural method and laboratory performance tests. It was found that the micro-structural energy approach, as a mechanistic framework, can be successfully used as an indicator of moisture-induced damage potential of the asphalt mixes. It is expected that the present study would be helpful in understanding the moisture-induced damage potential of flexible pavements containing RAP.
Noradrenergic Plasticity of Olfactory Sensory Neuron Inputs to the Main Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Eckmeier Dennis , Shea Stephen D.
Published: November 2014

Sensory responses are modulated by internal factors including attention, experience, and brain state. This is partly due to fluctuations in neuromodulatory input from regions such as the noradrenergic locus ceruleus (LC) in the brainstem. LC activity changes with arousal and modulates sensory processing, cognition, and memory. The main olfactory bulb (MOB) is richly targeted by LC fibers and noradrenaline profoundly influences MOB circuitry and odor-guided behavior. Noradrenaline-dependent plasticity affects the output of the MOB; however. it is unclear whether noradrenergic plasticity also affects the input to the MOB from olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the glomerular layer. Noradrenergic terminals are found in the glomerular layer, but noradrenaline receptors do not seem to acutely modulate OSN terminalsin vitro. We investigated whether noradrenaline induces plasticity at the glomerulus. We used wide-field optical imaging to measure changes in odor responses following electrical stimulation of LC in anesthetized mice. Surprisingly, odor-evoked intrinsic optical signals at the glomerulus were persistently weakened after LC activation. Calcium imaging selectively from OSNs confirmed that this effect was due to suppression of presynaptic input and was prevented by noradrenergic antagonists. Finally, suppression of responses to an odor did not require precise coincidence of the odor with LC activation. However, suppression was intensified by LC activation in the absence of odors. We conclude that noradrenaline release from LC has persistent effects on odor processing already at the first synapse of the main olfactory system. This mechanism could contribute to arousal-dependent memories.
Baths Salts, Spice, and Related Designer Drugs: The Science Behind the Headlines
Authors: Baumann Michael H. , Solis Ernesto , Watterson Lucas R. , Marusich Julie A. , Fantegrossi William E. , Wiley Jenny L.
Published: November 2014

The abuse of synthetic psychoactive substances known as “designer drugs,” or “new psychoactive substances” (NPS), is increasing at an alarming rate. NPS are purchased as alternatives to traditional illicit drugs of abuse and are manufactured to circumvent laws regulating the sale and use of controlled substances. Synthetic cathinones (i.e., “bath salts”) and synthetic cannabinoids (i.e., “spice”) are two types of NPS that have received substantial media attention. Although low recreational doses of bath salts or spice compounds can produce desirable effects, high doses or chronic exposure often leads to dangerous medical consequences, including psychosis, violent behaviors, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and even death. Despite the popularity of NPS, there is a paucity of scientific data about these drugs. Here we provide a brief up-to-date review describing the mechanisms of action and neurobiological effects of synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids.
Auditory Cortex Is Required for Fear Potentiation of Gap Detection
Authors: Weible Aldis P. , Liu Christine , Niell Cristopher M. , Wehr Michael
Published: November 2014

Auditory cortex is necessary for the perceptual detection of brief gaps in noise, but is not necessary for many other auditory tasks such as frequency discrimination, prepulse inhibition of startle responses, or fear conditioning with pure tones. It remains unclear why auditory cortex should be necessary for some auditory tasks but not others. One possibility is that auditory cortex is causally involved in gap detection and other forms of temporal processing in order to associate meaning with temporally structured sounds. This predicts that auditory cortex should be necessary for associating meaning with gaps. To test this prediction, we developed a fear conditioning paradigm for mice based on gap detection. We found that pairing a 10 or 100 ms gap with an aversive stimulus caused a robust enhancement of gap detection measured 6 h later, which we refer to as fear potentiation of gap detection. Optogenetic suppression of auditory cortex during pairing abolished this fear potentiation, indicating that auditory cortex is critically involved in associating temporally structured sounds with emotionally salient events.
Short-Term Increases in Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-1 Mediate Stress-Induced Enhancement of Neuronal Excitation
Authors: Weitlauf Carl , Ward Nicholas J. , Lambert Wendi S. , Sidorova Tatiana N. , Ho Karen W. , Sappington Rebecca M. , Calkins David J.
Published: November 2014

Progression of neurodegeneration in disease and injury is influenced by the response of individual neurons to stressful stimuli and whether this response includes mechanisms to counter declining function. Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels transduce a variety of disease-relevant stimuli and can mediate diverse stress-dependent changes in physiology, both presynaptic and postsynaptic. Recently, we demonstrated that knock-out or pharmacological inhibition of the TRP vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) capsaicin-sensitive subunit accelerates degeneration of retinal ganglion cell neurons and their axons with elevated ocular pressure, the critical stressor in the most common optic neuropathy, glaucoma. Here we probed the mechanism of the influence of TRPV1 on ganglion cell survival in mouse models of glaucoma. We found that induced elevations of ocular pressure increased TRPV1 in ganglion cells and its colocalization at excitatory synapses to their dendrites, whereas chronic elevation progressively increased ganglion cellTrpv1mRNA. Enhanced TRPV1 expression in ganglion cells was transient and supported a reversal of the effect of TRPV1 on ganglion cells from hyperpolarizing to depolarizing, which was also transient. Short-term enhancement of TRPV1-mediated activity led to a delayed increase in axonal spontaneous excitation that was absent in ganglion cells fromTrpv1−/−retina. In isolated ganglion cells, pharmacologically activated TRPV1 mobilized to discrete nodes along ganglion cell dendrites that corresponded to sites of elevated Ca2+. These results suggest that TRPV1 may promote retinal ganglion cell survival through transient enhancement of local excitation and axonal activity in response to ocular stress.
EVALUATION OF RAPIGEST EFFICACY FOR THE DIGESTION OF PROTEINS FROM CELL CULTURES AND HEART TISSUE
Authors: Pop Cristina , Mogosan Cristina , Loghin Felicia
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Rapigest is an acid-labile detergent used in proteomics for the improvement of protein digestion.Materials and Method: To test the efficacy of Rapigest for proteomics analysis of different sample types we used protein extracts from S9 cell line and mouse heart tissue and performed protein isolation, digestion and mass spectrometry analysis.Results: For the S9 cell line, there was no significant difference concerning the number of identifications (peptides, proteins) between Rapigest and No Rapigest samples, though slightly more peptides and proteins were identified in the Rapigest samples. For the mouse heart tissue samples, Rapigest use resulted in the identification of a higher number of proteins. Rapigest did not modify the protein profile with respect to the biological compartments covered by the identified proteins in S9 cell line samples, but produced a small increase in the representation of cytoplasm proteins and a small decrease in the representation of membrane proteins in the mouse heart tissue samples.Discussions: Results are comparable to other studies that evaluated the efficacy of Rapigest for the analysis of tissue samples, recommending Rapigest for the improvement of protein digestion and implicitly identification, without the modification of the protein profile in the samples. Conclusion: Rapigest may be successfully used for the improvement of protein identification from heart tissue samples using mass spectrometry.
Voices Welcomes Interviews
Authors: Stachyra Krzysztof
Published: November 2014

As you can see our interview Voices’ section is bigger and bigger and it makes us more and more satisfied. You can read about world Music Therapy Conferences and music therapists working in the different parts of the world. At present, we are preparing a new interview “series” about a number of historically important music therapists whom many of us knew and worked with but there is a risk that the next generation will not know. You can help us in the development of the world music therapy community's knowledge about interesting well-known music therapists and lesser-known but interesting music therapists or music healers, by interviewing them. We would also welcome historical information about the development or transformation of music therapy in your region.
All Things Must Pass: Utilizing Music Therapy in the Transition of a Dying Loved One
Authors: Beck Jacob
Published: November 2014

Even as a Music Therapist with some knowledge and experience with hospice, I was yet unprepared for the intimate passing of one of my own loved ones. This is the story of how I used music to help relieve my father’s and my own anxieties surrounding his transition, and the challenges and successes that I found in offering that music to him.
Finding power and privilege as a violinist and music therapist
Authors: Matsumura McKee Naoko
Published: November 2014

Power and privilege is often addressed in social work literature and is taught as a part of social work training in Canada. The purpose of this training is to enhance self-awareness and interpersonal skills, and to promote the practice of critical self-reflection. Critical self-reflection not only includes one's examination of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, but also one's understanding of how these are shaped by personal history, social location, attitudes, and values related to diversity and difference (Mandell, 2007). Not all practices in the field of social work can be directly applied to music therapy practice. However, critical self-reflection as introduced in social work may be adapted for music therapists in realizing their own power and privilege in their work. This paper applies theoretical and conceptual ideas of power and privilege in music-centered music therapy practice through the author's personal critical reflection.
Helen Bonny
Authors: Kenny Carolyn , Hesser Barbara
Published: November 2014

... in the midst of the regret, we all felt a tremendous sense of gratitude that we had known Helen Bonny and shared the many benefits of her work especially in the development of The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM).
Interview with Margaret Daniell
Authors: Bright Ruth
Published: November 2014

Seeing Margaret at work, therefore, was not only enthralling but also had practical value for my own endeavours, because it supported my view that, for many people with acute or chronic mental illnesses, the conditions probably had their roots in childhood, when the children would not have been recognised as being ‘ill’ – but seen as ‘naughty’, or ‘difficult’.
6th World Congress of Music Therapy, Rio de Janeiro, 1990
Authors: Wheeler Barbara
Published: November 2014

The 6th World Congress of Music Therapy, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1990
The Evolution of GIM Programming
Authors: Meadows Anthony
Published: November 2014

This article traces the origins and evolution of the music programs central to the Bonny Method (also called GIM or BMGIM). These programmed, sequenced western art music selections shape the core experience of GIM, eliciting intra-, inter-, and trans-personal phenomena through a range of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic feelings, images, memories, and metaphoric fantasies. Bonny’s original programs will be described and discussed in relation to GIM, and developments in programming will demonstrate how the Bonny Method programs have been expanded, including adaptations to music programming and selection.
Guided Imagery and Music Bibliography and GIM/Related Literature Refworks Database
Authors: Bonde Lars Ole
Published: November 2014

This bibliography contains selected literature related to the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM).  The literature includes articles, books, book chapters, unpublished dissertations, masters theses and manuscripts (the latter, mostly “final projects” from GIM training, included in the Bonny Archives at Temple University, unless indicated otherwise), reports, discographies, audio tapes, videos etc.
Writing Music Therapy
Authors: Rykov Mary Helena
Published: November 2014

Communicating about music therapy is problematic because discursive language fails to convey the nonverbal, embodied essence of experience. I explore the emergence of this problem in the music therapy literature. I discuss the scholarship of phenomenological writing. I provide examples of nondiscursive music therapy writing. I introduce the genre of poetic inquiry. Poetry is the most musical form of language. Poetry and music, linked throughout history, share many characteristics. It makes sense that we use poetry to write about music therapy. Writing is a crucial skill for music therapy professionals who must produce various notes, proposals, and reports. Writing poetically is a diminished stance compared to discursive prose writing. It is understandable that representing music therapy in experimental, tentative, and creative texts is risky. I invite music therapists to aspire towards poetry when writing music therapy to better address nonverbal, embodied, music therapy essence. I address this invitation to all writers of music therapy: undergraduate and graduate students, clinicians, and researchers.
Can Music Therapy be an answer to the terrorist question? - A Singaporean Music Therapist’s Perspective
Authors: Ng Wang Feng
Published: November 2014

This essay explores the possibility of Music Therapy being one of the creative responses to the terrorist question within the Singapore context. A general background to the Music Therapy scene in Singapore, and a brief overview of Singapore’s multi-ethnic history and response to terrorist threats are presented. Singapore is a multi-religious society with various ethnic groups living together in her short independent history. In 2001, Singapore was the target of planned attacks by Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) members who were Singaporeans. (JI is one of several radical militant groups with close ties with Al-Qaeda.) The application of Music Therapy in countering terrorism is explored - in terms of increasing community resilience, responding in times of crisis, as well as incorporating Music Therapy in detainee rehabilitation. Challenges relating to the implementation of crisis intervention using Music Therapy, and its implications in detainee rehabilitation are briefly discussed.
I'm Here With You
Authors: Benattar Maya
Published: November 2014

Through my work as a music therapist with people who have dementia, I’ve learned a lot about the power of connecting on a simple, yet profound level. When I was a new therapist I was eager to always “do” and found it hard to just “be”. This is a story about Elizabeth, a nursing home resident and one of my first individual clients. My experiences of working with Elizabeth helped me learn how to be fully present, connect in a space of deep intimacy, and develop my personal identity as a therapist.
Introduction to the Interview for the VIII World Congress of Music Therapy
Authors: Wheeler Barbara L.
Published: November 2014

An Introduction to the Interview for the VIII World Congress of Music Therapy
New Horizons: Graduate Music Therapy Studies in Québec, Canada
Authors: Curtis Sandi
Published: November 2014

The year 2011 marks the start of a new era for music therapy in the province of Québec with the official launch of its first and only graduate music therapy program. This program, situated at Concordia University in the heart of the city of Montréal, is described, along with its development, its purpose, its role in the changing landscape of music therapy in Québec, and its defining characteristics. Future ramifications for music therapy at Concordia University and in Québec and the rest of Canada are outlined.
Exploration and Application of Dissolution Approaches for Belief Conflicts in Music Therapy
Authors: Otera Masako
Published: November 2014

In this article, the author attempts to clarify the structure of belief conflicts for different approaches in music therapy by presenting a typical thinking process that can be applied by music therapists. Dissolution Approaches for Belief Conflicts (DAB) is a methodology that consists of a group of methods and theories that were specifically created for the dissolution of belief conflicts. This article demonstrated the application of this approach to develop an effective attitude and method of thinking for music therapists. In addition, this approach can promote mutual understanding in the field of music therapy and help prevent future belief conflicts over the differences in clinical and research approaches.
The Improvement of Non-Verbal Communication Skills of Five Females with Profound and Multiple Disabilities Using Song-Choices in Music Therapy
Authors: Lee Ju-young , McFerran Katrina
Published: November 2014

Facilitating the expression of preferences and choices of non-verbal adults who have profound and multiple disabilities is important yet challenging. The present research project aimed to examine whether consistent opportunities for expressing song-choices within music therapy resulted in an improvement in communication abilities of five females with profound and multiple disabilities. A multiple case study design was used. Each participant attended weekly thirty-minute sessions comprising three song-preference assessment sessions followed by ten song-choice intervention sessions. Affective responses to songs in the song-preference assessment were analyzed to identify each participant’s preferred songs. Four song-choice opportunities consisting of a pair of preferred and less-preferred songs were offered during the intervention sessions, and intentional choice-making behaviors were facilitated. The descriptive video-analysis of the sessions shows that the participants were able to indicate consistent preferences for songs, make intentional choices of songs, and improve communication skills throughout the ten intervention sessions. Two participants developed clear choice-making skills, such as selecting a preferred song-card from two options and alternating eye-gaze between a song-card and the researcher. The other three participants demonstrated idiosyncratic but clear intentional behaviors using body movements, facial expressions, and vocalizations to indicate choices of preferred songs. Inter-rater reliability was calculated. These results suggest that some adults with profound and multiple disabilities are capable of improving non-verbal communication skills when appropriate interventions and strategies are provided and also highlight the potential of music therapy to promote communication development of these individuals.
Functionality of Voice Teaching in Tertiary Institutions and Remedial Measures
Authors: Ugoo-Okonkwo Iruoma Amaka
Published: November 2014

Voice as a musical instrument invariably refers to singing and this instrument of expression and interpretation is taught like any other musical instrument. The purpose of the research therefore was focused on the views of voice teachers with regard to their teaching techniques and the problems associated with the subject. The research was carried out in two Universities and one College of Education. To determine how voice is done in the schools, twenty voice teachers’ perception and methodology of teaching were noted and analysed from the structured questionnaire they responded to. Interview and direct observations were done to cross-check the responses and arrive at a conclusion on how voice is done in the schools. The investigation revealed the state of voice teaching in schools, the problems experienced by students during voice teaching and remedial measures to be taken especially the therapy against voice strain.
The Venezuelan Music Therapy Ensemble (ENVEMUST)
Authors: Richardson Daniel Enrique
Published: November 2014

This report describes the current state of the Music Therapy study program (Postgraduate Specialization in Music Therapy) in the Universidad de los Andes in Venezuela, along with a special feature of it's curriculum; the Venezuelan Music Therapy Ensemble. (ENVEMUST by its Spanish intitials), which groups Students and Teachers, focused on the communities for therapeutic intervention.
Music Therapy and Avatars: Reflections on Virtual Learning Environments for Music Therapy Students
Authors: Story Kristin Maya
Published: November 2014

Music therapy students have expressed concerns regarding their general preparedness for practicum and working with new populations. Simulations in the immersive virtual world, Second Life, may provide a platform to assist in training music therapy students and enhance preparedness. This project examined the feasibility of utilizing Second Life to assist in training music therapists. Music therapy practicum students enrolled in a music therapy equivalency program participated in weekly one hour virtual class meetings in Second Life, which included 5 sessions of music therapy simulations. At the end of the semester, students were interviewed in relation to their experiences, and interviews were analyzed qualitatively. Common themes among students were limitations of Second Life software, student’s knowledge of software, emotional reactions (both positive and negative), and distance learning.
Merging Voices and Finding Harmony in Co-teaching: A Doctoral Student’s Experience of Co-teaching a Music Therapy Course with her Doctoral Advisor
Authors: Demaine Krystal
Published: November 2014

This article discusses the author’s experience as a doctoral student who co-taught a graduate level music therapy course with her doctoral advisor.  During the course of the teaching semester the doctoral student kept record of her feelings and thoughts in a bi-weekly journal. She explored dynamics such as dual relationships, leadership, and identity as a teacher.  Touched with successes and limitations she learned from her experiences and explored insights into collaborative teaching models.  Literature related to models of co-teaching, leadership, and mentorship highlighted the journey in this article.  Collaborative teaching models may be considered in the field of music therapy to aide in the establishment of integrative and cross disciplinary learning.
The Importance of Research in Educating About Music Therapy
Authors: Wheeler Barbara L.
Published: November 2014

In this "Essay" article, the author explores some ways in which music therapy research is important in educating people—music therapists and those outside of music therapy—about music therapy. There are different levels and types of research, and different levels are appropriate at different points in the development of music therapy in a country. However, some type of music therapy research is important for the development of music therapy in all cases and in all situations and all countries. The author suggests that music therapy research may be used to: (a) describe a situation, (b) identify and examine processes and causal factors, (c) provide evidence about outcomes, or (d) change a situation. Information on music therapy research for each purpose is provide. The article examines how all of these may be used to educate people about music therapy. It is suggested that music therapists in different countries have different needs for research and that one thing that leads to these variations is how highly developed music therapy is in the country.
Bio-political Perspectives on the Expression of People with Disabilities in Music Therapy: Case Examples
Authors: Miyake Hiroko
Published: November 2014

The burgeoning interdisciplinary field of disability studies has understood disability not as medical pathology, but rather as a social and cultural construction. It involves political attempts to move the dividing line between dis/ability, ab/normal, as well as gender, race, or ethnicity, from the perspective of “claiming disability” (Linton, 1998) as a positive political and cultural identity. However, in the music therapy field, disability studies has been generally ignored because music therapy has traditionally been ensconced in a medical model rather than a socio-cultural or political model. In this article, I will discuss the issue of power relationships inherent in music therapy by referring to recent literature in disability studies.
An Historical Perspective: Humble Beginnings
Authors: Summer Lisa
Published: November 2014

A brief historical sketch of international music  from the International Newsletter of Music Therapy
Reporting on Music Therapy in Kenya
Authors: Akombo David Otieno
Published: November 2014

There are approximately 500,000 refugees living in Kenya today, with approximately 20,000 children attending formal education in about twenty refugee schools. These children often show severe emotional distress that is observable through consistent evaluation. The children's hopes need to be restored and their mental health rejuvenated. Several Kenyan music teachers and paramedics including myself came together in August 1998, and thought about new ways and means of helping these children. One way we thought was worth trying was music therapy. This we thought could be achieved by incorporating a music therapy component into their co-curricular (after school) activities. We thought singing and dancing after school could be a good stepping stone for the provision of therapy to the kids in the refugee camps.
Music Therapy - History and Cultural Contexts
Authors: Ruud Even
Published: November 2014

An essay review 1 of:
Horden, Peregrine (Ed.) (2000). Music as Medicine. The History of Music Therapy since Antiquity. Aldershot: Ashgate.
Gouk, Penelope (Ed.) (2000). Musical Healing in Cultural Contexts. Aldershot: Ashgate.
10th World Congress of Music Therapy
Authors: Hartley Nigel
Published: November 2014

Oxford is the place where I live, and also the place where I have worked for a number of years. My music therapy practise takes place in the local Hospice - part of an Oxford National Health Service Trust, with patients facing the end of life in one way or another. As the current Chairperson of the British Society for Music Therapy, it seemed fitting, therefore, to suggest Oxford as the venue for the 10th World Congress of Music Therapy - 'Dialogue and Debate' - Music Therapy in the 21st Century. A Contemporary Force for Change.
Reaching the Socially Isolated Person with Alzheimer's Disease Through Group Music Therapy - A Case Report
Authors: Abad Vicky
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this report is to present a case on John, an 82 year old man with Alzheimer's disease, who resides in a dementia specific unit of a nursing home. People with dementia who require institutional care are often at risk of social isolation, due to the regressive nature of the disease, and the potential of developing behavioural disturbances. This case story demonstrates how group music therapy can be individually tailored to meet the needs of people with dementia who are socially isolated as a result of behavioural challenges, including aggressive and agitating behaviours, and therefore improve the quality of the person's life.
The Therapeutic, Musical Relationship: a Two-Sided Affair?
Authors: Procter Simon
Published: November 2014

Many improvisational models of music therapy involve therapist and client improvising spontaneously together. This is widely described as a form of musical relationship. However whilst there is much discussion of the client's musical input in the literature, the therapist's music attracts less attention. The author considers reasons why this may be the case and seeks evidence, from the music therapy literature and beyond, as to whether the therapist's musical input is of significance for the therapeutic process. An example of detailed analysis of the author's own clinical work is presented, in order to establish whether the therapist's musical input has an observable impact on the shared musical experience and might thus be judged to be significant for the therapeutic musical relationship. Concluding that it is indeed significant, the author goes on to consider the implications for the way music therapists consider their work.