bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Nilai Agama Islam pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ardiansari Bina Fitriah , Dimyati Dimyati
Published: June 2021

Tuntutan pembelajaran yang semakin kompleks menyebabkan semakin berkurangnya aktivitas yang berkaitan dengan nilai agama Islam pada anak usia dini. Sedangkan, pendidikan nilai agama Islam pada anak usia dini merupakan pondasi yang sangat penting sebagai peletakkan dasar keagamaan supaya menjadi pribadi yang taat beribadah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai agama Islam pada anak usia dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian pustaka dengan mengumpulkan data dari karya tulis ilmiah dan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai agama Islam dapat ditanamkan melalui kegiatan pembiasaan dan keteladanan. Oleh karena itu sebagai seorang guru maupun orang tua harus berupaya memiliki kepribadian baik yang dapat dijadikan contoh sebagai sifat teladan bagi anak. Guru dan orangtua sebaiknya selalu meningkatkan wawasan pengetahuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan nilai agama Islam anak usia dini
Identifikasi Sedentary Behaviour di Masa Pandemic Covid-19: Narrative Review
Authors: Wardhani Riska Risty , Muflihah Nurul
Published: June 2021

Pembatasan sosial, isolasi dan karantina merupakan salah satu cara untuk mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 yang lebih luas. Meskipun jarak sosial dapat memperlambat penyebaran COVID-19, tetapi orang akan menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya di rumah dan tidak aktif secara fisik atau membentuk perilaku menetap atau sedentary behaviour. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi adanya perilaku menetap atau sedentary behaviour di masa pandemic COVID-19. Metode Â penelitian ini menggunakan metode Narrative Review. Pencarian jurnal melalui portal jurnal online seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan MedLine sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan review terhadap 11 jurnal dari berbagai negara yang berbeda,semua mengidentifikasi terjadinya sedentary behaviour di masa pandemic COVID-19. Kesimpulan penelitian membuktikan adanya identifikasi sedentary behviour di masa pandemic COVID-19.
Merdivenli Sokaklarda Sosyal Mekân Oluşumuna Etki Eden Unsurlar ve İstanbul’dan Üç Örnek İçin Değerlendirme
Authors: CİRİTCİ İlke , YÜCEL Gül
Published: June 2021

Çalışmada merdivenli sokaklarda sosyal mekân oluşum potansiyeli ve buna etki eden unsurlar tartışılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında sokak, merdivenli sokak, sosyal mekân, kamusal alan, aidiyet kavramları mimarlık literatüründe araştırılmış, kentle ilişkilendirilerek, kavramsal bağlar kurulması amaçlanmıştır. Dünyanın birçok kentinde ziyaret edilen popüler merdivenli sokaklar olduğu gibi, İstanbul’un tarihi bölgelerinde de ilgi çeken merdivenli sokaklar bulunmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi ile merdivenli sokakların kamusal alan kullanımı ulaşılabilirlik, konfor, etkinlik ve estetik parametreleri üzerinden incelenmiş, bu kapsamda sosyal mekân olarak kullanım başarısı, merdivenlerin potansiyelleri, yerinde gözlem ve ölçüm yöntemleri ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında İstanbul tarihi yerleşim alanlarında bulunan merdivenli sokaklardan Balat Merdivenli Mektep Sokak, Beyoğlu Hacı Ali Sokak ve Üsküdar Yeni Dünya Sokak fiziksel ve sosyal mekân özellikleri açısından ayrıntılı incelenmiş, tespitler çerçevesinde merdivenli sokakların bulundukları çevreye ve yaşam tarzına katkıları değerlendirilmiştir.

Merdivenli sokakların sosyal mekân olarak var olmaları ve kent yaşamına katılmaları sosyal medyadaki görünürlüğü üzerinden, fotoğraf ve video paylaşım uygulaması “Instagram” üzerinden araştırılmış, merdivenli sokakların sosyal medyada görünürlüğü kullanıcıların paylaşımları üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları merdivenli sokakların çevresindeki yapıların ve fiziksel özelliklerinin sosyal mekân oluşum potansiyeline büyük oranda katkı sağladığını göstermektedir.
Planlama Kapsamında Kentsel Risklerin Tespiti ve Derecelendirilmesine Yönelik İki Çalışma: Kocaeli Örneği
Authors: ŞANLI Nurseli , VAROL Fatma Nur , ECEMİŞ KILIÇ Sibel , EFE GÜNEY Mercan
Published: June 2021

Literatürde ekosistemlerin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması hedefiyle ortaya çıkan dirençlilik kavramı, özellikle son 10 yılda geliştirilerek, pek çok farklı konu ve perspektifte ele alınmaya başlamıştır. Günümüz planlama yaklaşımları çoğunlukla sosyo-ekonomik odaklı olup, kentsel dirençlilik alanında afet risklerinin tanımlanmasından öteye geçememektedir. Oysaki kavram doğal kaynakların sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması, afet ve benzeri riskler ile ekonomik, sosyal ve fiziksel bağlamda kentlerde yaşanan veya öngörülen sorunların çözülmesine, hafifletilmesine olanak tanıyabilmesi sebebiyle her ölçekteki planda değinilmesi gereken önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışmada üretilecek planlarda kentsel dirençliliği sağlamak ve artırmak adına risklerin tespiti ve seviyelerinin derecelendirilmesine yönelik uygulanabilir bir yöntem geliştirmek, geliştirilen yöntemin mekânsal planları yönlendirmekteki katkısını sunmak çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur. Geliştirilen yöntem farklı ölçek ve sınıra sahip iki plan olarak Kocaeli ili İzmit İlçesi Afet Müdahale Planı ve Kocaeli ili İzmit Körfezi Bütünleşik Kıyı Alanları Planı yapım aşamalarına entegre edilerek uygulanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen yöntemin diğer planlara uygulanabilirliğinin ve mevcuttaki sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerinin gerçekleşebilirliği ile sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanıp sağlanamayacağının tartışılması hedeflenmiştir.
IMPLEMENTASI E-COURT UNTUK PERKARA PERDATA SEBAGAI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Desty Setiawati , Ansori  , Saputra Hendra
Published: June 2021

E-court can be used to send and receive trial documents such as replik, duplik, conclusions and/or answers. The e-court application is also used to call electronically to parties who have approved and to the plaintiff/ applicant who registers electronically is deemed to agree to use electronic channels for calling. The problem in the research is how to implement e- court.mahkamahagung.go.id for civil matters as information technology in the justice system in Indonesia and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of e- court.mahkamahagung.go.id for civil matters as information technology in justice system in Indonesia. The research method uses a normative juridical approach, a normative approach is carried out by studying legal norms or rules, legal principles, data sourced from library studies. The analysis of the data used is qualitative juridical. The results of the study show that the implementation of e- court.mahkamahagung.go.id for civil matters as information technology in the judicial system in Indonesia, can be done tactically and strategically. Tactical efforts are temporary efforts that can be carried out quickly and internally by the Supreme Court by utilizing the policy instruments that they have. Supporting factors for implementation of e-court.mahkamahagung.go.id is the existence of efforts to Implement Electronic Justice can be divided into tactical efforts and strategic efforts. The inhibiting factor for implementation of e-court.mahkamahagung.go.id is the Electronic Judicial Procedure Law and Technology and Human Resources Constraints.
BOOK REVIEW HUKUM DAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Mahdiyyah Jihan Rafifah , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

The book of Law and Society describes criticism and analysis of legal problems that occur, as well as how the coherence of the two can be rhythmic properly. The author, who is a professor at the Faculty of Law, Diponegoro University, known as an expert in Sociology of Law and Pancasila Philosophy, tries to crystallize his thoughts through writing this book to move the reader's spirit to return to acting decisively to seek justice and to fight for the welfare of society. This review aims to provide information related to the book for interested readers and to review a little about the contents of the book.
POTENSI KEPUNAHAN POHON TOREM DI PULAU YAMDENA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TANIMBAR
Authors: Malindir Johanis D.B
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPohon Torem merupakan salah satu tumbuhan endemik yang hidup di Pulau Yamdena. Masyarakat Maluku Tenggara Barat dalam sejarahnya telah cukup lama memanfaatkan kayu Torem sebagai bahan baku berbagai macam bangunan, mebel, maupun benda-benda kerajinan ukir. Kontribusi pohon torem bagi masyarakat Tanimbar tidak hanya sekedar dalam aspek ekonomi, namun juga dalam aspek sosial, religi, kesenian, dan kebudayaan itu sendiri. Keberadaan pohon torem didudukkan sebagai bagian penting bagi proses tumbuh-kembangnya kearifan lokal masyarakat Tanimbar. Dengan melihat pada potensi kearifan lokal, pemerintah terus tetap menjaga lestarinya hutan dan menjaga tanaman enedemik agar tidak punah.Kata Kunci: Torem, Endemik, Kearifan Lokal, TanimbarABSTRACTTorem Tree is one of the endemic plants that live on Yamdena Island. The people of West Southeast Maluku have historically used Torem wood as a raw material for various buildings, furniture, or carved crafts. The contribution of torem trees to the Tanimbar community is not only in the economic aspect, but also in the social, religious, artistic, and cultural aspects. The existence of torem trees is placed as an important part of the growth and development of the local wisdom of the Tanimbar people. By looking at the potential of local wisdom, the government continues to keep the forest sustainable and keep the enedemic plants from becoming extinct. Keywords: Torem, Endemic, Local Wisdom, Tanimbar
Tugas Proposal Penelitian Akuntansi Keperilakuan Sri Rahayu (18.121.033) A1 Universitas Yapis Papua
Authors: Rahayu Sri
Published: June 2021

Wajib pajak terkadang tidak taat pajak dikarenakan terdapat kesulitan baik dari proses pelaporan dan pembayaran. Namun, perkembangan teknologi yang semakin maju dapat menjawab kesulitankesulitan yang dikeluhkan wajib pajak tersebut melalui sistem elektronik administrasi pajak diantaranya adalah e-billing, e-filing dan e-faktur. Direktorat jenderal pajak meluncurkan e-billing untuk kemudahan pembayaran pajak secara elektronik. E-billing adalah pembayaran pajak melalui media elektronik dengan memanfaatkan kode billing sebagai kode transaksi.
The Development of Digital in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nahak Maria Digna R.
Published: June 2021

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect all sectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially the economic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its various derivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the most important sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties, because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currently many MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampered distribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffs for workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as a driver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity which results in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank (ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businesses run out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reduced their workforce work.
BOOK REVIEW: All About National Insights in Context: Democracy, Citizenship, to Social Integration
Authors: 'Aisy Jihan Aqil Rihhadatul , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

The science of citizenship is a crucial thing that must be present at every level of education, where the aim for citizens is to make them be able to think or to have a foundation of nationalism and patriotism that must be nurtured from an early age. It was written with the hope of strengthening the competence of students or the public in terms of knowledge and attitudes as a whole, where the process of achievement is through learning from several materials arranged in a continuous unit. The achievement of competence can be applied to the present and future life of the nation. This book provides useful information to increase national insight in the context of democracy, citizenship, and even social integration.This masterpiece provides an understanding about national insight or insight into the archipelago in the context of democracy, citizenship to social integration. The insight of the archipelago is a teaching‘s belief about Indonesian people with the aim that there is no misleading or deviation in achieving and realizing national ideals and goals. Thus, the insight of the archipelago can become a vision foundation in carrying out national life in which basic things like this should be understood by the public (Indonesian people), especially students as agents of change. The book certainly needs to be reviewed so that readers can find a brief synopsis of the book or a reviewer's assessment of this work which can be used as a consideration before reading it in its entirety. In a review, a reader can find out what urgency they have, so they are strongly advised to join in reading the book.
Mobile Communication Technology and National Identity in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Choi Donghyun Danny , Laughlin Benjamin , Schultz Anna
Published: June 2021

We examine how the expansion of mobile internet infrastructure affects national identity in sub-Saharan Africa. In diverse societies where elections are contested along ethno-communal lines, we argue that access to mobile internet undermines national identity because it facilitates voter exposure to the polarizing tendencies of internet-based social media and communication platforms. Applying a difference-in-differences design on mobile coverage maps and geocoded survey data of more than 50,000 African citizens, we show that access to mobile internet reduces identification with the nation by up to 5--7 percentage points. To establish support for our electoral mechanism, we exploit as-if random variation in the timing of individuals' survey interviews relative to presidential elections, during which we argue divisive and polarizing forces are at their peak. Our analysis shows that electoral proximity intensifies the negative effect of mobile internet. These findings highlight how technological innovations can inhibit the process of state-building in diverse societies.
Pandemi Covid-19: Momentum Introspeksi Tatanan Kehidupan Beragama Dalam Stagnasi Pariwisata
Authors: Jayendra Putu Sabda
Published: June 2021

Tulisan “Pandemi Covid-19: MomentumIntrospeksi Tatanan Kehidupan Beragama DalamStagnasi Pariwisata” oleh Putu Sabda Jayendra dan Kadek Ayu Ekasani dikemukakan bahwa perkembangan sektor pariwisata tidak bisa dilepaskan dari potensi budaya yang dimiliki masyarakatnya. Bali sebagai salah satunya merupakan destinasi yang difavoritkan secara global selama bertahun-tahun. Dinamika pariwisata di Bali tidak dapat dipisahkan dari eksistensi budayanyayang terkenal dan mendunia hingga ke mancanegara. Budaya Bali yang ikonik dan sangat kental dijiwai oleh agama Hindu menjadikannya daya tarik tersendiri yang mengundang wisatawan untuk datang dan menikmatinya. Komodifikasi merupakan hal yang tidak bisa dihindari, namun di tengah pandemi Covid-19 menjadi omentum untuk instrospeksi tatanan tersebut
Bài của ISR về retraction trên Nature tròn một tuổi
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: June 2021

Cách đây tròn một năm, ngày 11 tháng 6 năm 2020, cũng trong thời kỳ căng thẳng với dịchCovid-19, Trung tâm ISR chào đón bài báo “Reform retractions to make them more transparent”[1] ra mắt trên quyển 582, số 7811 của tập san khoa học 151 tuổi Nature .
Membuat Running LED dengan Speed Variabel
Authors: Kapailu Aprizal Nugraha
Published: June 2021

Fungsi utama dari Running Text LED untuk menarik perhatian orang untuk melihatnya. Karena warna dan tulisannya yang menarik membuat orang selalu ingin melihat tulisan itu. Dan merupakan media promo usaha yang sangat efektif dan efisien di era sekarang ini.
Impact of injection rate ramp-up on nucleation and arrest of dynamic fault slip
Authors: Ciardo Federico , Rinaldi Antonio Pio
Published: June 2021

Fluid injection into underground formations reactivates preexisting geological discontinuities such as faults or fractures. In this work, we investigate the impact of injection rate ramp-up present in many standard injection protocols on the nucleation and potential arrest of dynamic slip along a planar pressurized fault. We assume a linear increasing function of injection rate with time, up to a given time tc after which a maximum value Qm is achieved. Under the assumption of negligible shear-induced dilatancy and impermeable host medium, we solve numerically the coupled hydro-mechanical model and explore the different slip regimes identified via scaling analysis. We show that in the limit when fluid diffusion time scale tw is much larger than the ramp-up time scale tc, slip on an ultimately stable fault is essentially driven by pressurization at constant rate. Vice versa, in the limit when tc/tw ≫ 1, the pressurization rate, quantified by the dimensionless ratio (Qm tw / tc Q∗), does impact both nucleation time and arrest distance of dynamic slip. Indeed, for a given initial fault loading condition and frictional weakening property, lower pressurization rates delay the nucleation of a finite-sized dynamic event and increase the corresponding run-out distance approximately proportional to (Qm tw / tc Q∗)^(-0.472). On critically stressed faults, instead, the ramp-up of injection rate activates quasi-static slip which quickly turn into a run-away dynamic rupture. Its nucleation time decreases non-linearly with increasing value of (Qm tw / tc Q∗) and it may precede (or not) the one associated with fault pressurization at constant rate only.
Channel, dune and sand sheet architectures of strait-adjacent deltas
Authors: Beelen Daan , Wood Lesli , Zaghloul Mohamed , Arts Michiel , Cardona Sebastian
Published: June 2021

Sea strait geographies amplify tidal currents, which can result in the formation of tidal strait deposits with a symmetrical facies arrangement. It can be problematic to distinguish such confined tidal strait deposits from strait systems that developed in less constricted settings. To push a more robust differentiation between the confined tidal strait model and a model for less constricted tidal deposits, this study presents an example of a strait-adjacent delta and compares it to the existing model of confined tidal straits. The strait-adjacent delta interpretations are based on an exposed succession in Northern Morocco, that formed in the Miocene Rifian Corridor. The multi-km, seismic-scale exposures at the Ben Allou locality, formed in a region with a largely unconstrained coastline. Clayey and silty portions dominate the distal offshore and prodelta facies, while the proximal delta front and delta plain are comprised of carbonate-rich sandstones. These sandstones exhibit complex architectures of stacked channels and dunes in the delta front, and mud drape-bearing sand sheets on the delta plain. It is shown that the strait-adjacent delta model that is presented herein, is different from a confined tidal strait deposit as it has an asymmetric facies arrangement, and a basinward reduction in depositional energy.
Microstructure and fluid flow in the vicinity of basin bounding faults in rifts – the Dombjerg Fault, NE Greenland rift system
Authors: Salomon Eric , Rotevatn Atle , Kristensen Thomas , Grundvåg Sten-Andreas , Henstra Gijs
Published: June 2021

Faults commonly form loci for high fluid flux in sedimentary basins, where fluids, rocks and deformation processes frequently interact. Here, we elucidate the interaction of fluid flow, diagenesis and deformation near basin-bounding faults in sedimentary basins through a study in the vicinity (0-3.5 km) of the Dombjerg Fault in the NE Greenland rift system. Due to fault-controlled fluid circulation, fault-proximal syn-rift clastics underwent pervasive calcite cementation, whereas uncemented clastics at some distance from the fault remained highly porous and friable. Correspondingly, two distinct deformation regimes developed to accommodate continued deformation: discrete brittle fractures formed in calcite cemented rocks, whereas cataclastic deformation bands formed in uncemented deposits.We show that low-permeable deformation bands forming in highly porous rocks were associated with localized host rock alteration, and chemical reduction of porosity along bands. In rocks with cementation-induced low porosity, brittle fractures created new pathways for fluids, but were subsequently filled with calcite. Occasionally, veins comprise multiple generations of microcrystalline calcite, likely precipitated from rapidly super-saturated fluids injected into the fractures. This suggests cemented deposits sealed uncemented compartments, where fluid overpressure developed. We conclude that compartmentalized flow regimes may form in fault-bounded basins, which has wide implications for assessments of potential carbon storage, hydrocarbon, groundwater, and geothermal sites.
Review on Pressure Sensors: A Perspective from Mechanical to Micro-electro-mechanical systems
Authors: Jena Sudarsana , Gupta Ankur
Published: June 2021

Swiftly emerging research prospects in the Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) enable to build of complex and sophisticated microstructures on a substrate containing moving masses, cantilevers, flexures, levers, linkages, dampers, gears, detectors, actuators, and many more on a single chip. One of the MEMS initial products that emerged into the micro-system technology is the MEMS pressure sensor. Because of their high performance, low cost, and compact size, these sensors are extensively being adopted in numerous applications viz., aerospace, automobile, and bio-medical domain, etc. These application requirements drive and impose tremendous conditions on sensor design to overcome the tedious design and fabrication procedure before its reality. MEMS-based pressure sensors enable a wide range of pressure measurements as per the application requirements. Considering its vast utility in industries, this paper presents a detailed review of MEMS-based pressure sensors and their wide area of applications, their design aspects, and challenges, to provide state of an art gist to the researchers of a similar domain in one place.
If it works we didn't need it: Intuitive judgments of 'overreaction'
Authors: Kominsky Jonathan F. , Reardon Daniel , Bonawitz Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

When laypeople decide if a costly intervention is an overreaction or an appropriate response, they likely base those judgments on mental simulation about what could happen, or what would have happened without an intervention. To narrow down from the infinite set of possibilities they could consider, they may engage in a process of sampling. We examine whether judgments of overreaction can be explained by a utility- weighted sampling account from the JDM literature, or a norm- weighted sampling account from the causal judgment literature, both, or neither. Three experiments test whether these judgments are overly influenced by low-risk bad outcomes (utility-weighted sampling), or by what is likely and prescriptively good (norm-weighted sampling). Overall, participants’ judgments indicate that they disregard low-risk bad outcomes, and even when a high-risk outcome is successfully avoided, the intervention is an overreaction. These results favor a norm-weighted sampling account in the specific case of evaluating overreactions.
Savoring Sport: Connections with Athlete Passion and Burnout
Authors: Schellenberg Benjamin J. I. , Verner-Filion Jeremie , Gaudreau Patrick
Published: June 2021

Athletes can respond to positive experiences in sport by engaging in savoring – that is, by attempting to prolong or amplify their positive feelings (Bryant & Veroff, 2007). In this research, we tested if savoring was predicted by levels of harmonious or obsessive passion for sport, and if savoring was associated with symptoms of burnout. In Study 1 (n = 499) we found that savoring was positively associated with harmonious passion and negatively associated with obsessive passion. In addition, savoring predicted lower levels of burnout and played an indirect role in the relationship between both passion types and burnout. We replicated these findings in Study 2 (n = 298), with collegiate-level athletes prospectively over the course of a season. Overall, athletes with strong levels of harmonious passion appear to be most likely to engage in savoring, a response that may protect them from experiencing higher levels of burnout.
A Post-Encoding Pre-Production Reinstatement (PEPPR) Model of Dual-List Free Recall
Authors: Healey Karl , Wahlheim Christopher N.
Published: June 2021

Recent events are easy to recall, but they also interfere with recall of more distant, non-recent events. Many computational models recall non-recent memories by using the context associated with those events as a cue. But some models do little to explain how people initially activate non-recent contexts in the service of accurate recall. We addressed this limitation by evaluating two candidate mechanisms within the Context-Maintenance and Retrieval model. The first is a Backward-Walk mechanism that iteratively applies a generate/recognize process to covertly retrieve progressively less recent items. The second is a Post-Encoding Pre-Production Reinstatement (PEPPR) mechanism that formally implements a metacognitive control process that reinstates non-recent contexts prior to retrieval. Models including these mechanisms make divergent predictions about the dynamics of response production and monitoring when recalling non-recent items. Before producing non-recent items, Backward-Walk cues covert retrievals of several recent items, whereas PEPPR cues few, if any, covert retrievals of that sort. We tested these predictions using archival data from a dual-list externalized free recall paradigm that required subjects to report all items that came to mind while recalling from the non-recent list. Simulations showed that only the model including PEPPR accurately predicted covert recall patterns. That same model fit the behavioral data well. These findings suggest that self-initiated context reinstatement plays an important role in recall of non-recent memories and provides a formal model that uses a parsimonious non-hierarchical context representation of how such reinstatement might occur.
High fluid intelligence is characterized by flexible allocation of attentional resources: Evidence from EEG
Authors: Lu Runhao , Xi Jie , Zhang Xingli , Shi Jiannong
Published: June 2021

Recently, the integrated control hypothesis (Lu et al., 2020) was proposed to explain the relationship between fluid intelligence (Gf) and attentional resource allocation. This hypothesis suggested that individuals with higher Gf tend to flexibly and adaptively allocate their limited resources according to the task type and task difficulty rather than simply exert more or fewer resources in any conditions. To examine this hypothesis, the present study used electroencephalogram (EEG) indicators (i.e., frontal theta-ERS and parietal-occipital alpha-ERD) as the measurement of participants’ resource allocation during the exploration task and exploitation task with different difficulties. The results found that higher Gf individuals tend to allocate fewer resources in all difficulty levels in the exploitation task compared to average Gf participants. In contrast, in the exploration task, higher Gf participants would allocate more resources in the medium- and high-difficulty levels than average Gf participants, but this phenomenon was only found in males. These findings provided supportive evidence for the integrated control hypothesis that flexible and adaptive attentional control ability are important characteristics of human intelligence.
Ten lessons about infants' everyday experiences
Authors: de Barbaro Kaya , Fausey Caitlin M.
Published: June 2021

Audio recorders, accelerometers, and cameras that infants wear throughout their everyday lives capture the experiences that are available to shape development. Everyday sensing in infancy reveals patterns within the everyday hubbub that are unknowable using methods that capture shorter, more isolated, or more planned slices of behavior. Here, we review ten lessons learned from recent endeavors that removed researchers from designing or participating in infants’ experiences and instead quantified patterns that arose within infants’ own spontaneously arising everyday experiences. The striking heterogeneity of experiences – there is no meaningfully “representative” hour of a day, instance of a category, interaction context, or infant – inspires next steps in theory and practice that embrace the complex, dynamic, and multiple pathways of human development.
Avoiding costly mistakes in groups: The evolution of error management in collective decision making
Authors: Tump Alan Novaes , Wolf Max , Romanczuk Pawel , Kurvers Ralf
Published: June 2021

Individuals continuously have to balance the error costs of alternative decisions. A wealth of research has studied how single individuals navigate this, showing that individuals develop response biases to avoid the more costly error. We, however, know little about the dynamics in groups facing asymmetrical error costs and when social influence amplifies either safe or risky behavior. Here, we investigate this by modeling the decision process and information flow with a drift--diffusion model extended to the social domain. In the model individuals first gather independent personal information; they then enter a social phase in which they can either decide early based on personal information, or wait for additional social information. We combined the model with an evolutionary algorithm to derive adaptive behavior. We find that under asymmetric costs individuals in large cooperative groups do not develop response biases because such biases amplify at the collective level, triggering false information cascades. Selfish individuals, however, undermine the group’s performance for their own benefit by developing higher response biases and waiting for more information. Our results shed light on social dynamics in groups facing asymmetrical errors costs, such as animal groups evading predation or police officers holding a suspect at gunpoint.
The Psychology of Mobile Technology and Daily Mobility
Authors: Ross Morgan Quinn , Müller Sandrine , Bayer Joseph
Published: June 2021

In this chapter, we chart parallel lines of research on mobile technology and daily mobility. Specifically, we review how people engage with mobile technologies in-place and on-the-go, as well as their broader connection with their mobile devices. In each section, we review and link perspectives from psychology and mobility studies towards an integrative understanding of mobile media use. We then survey emerging mobile methodologies with potential for interdisciplinary work. To conclude, we collapse these boundaries – between being in-place and on-the-go, and mobile technology and daily mobility – to consider the trajectory of future research on the psychology of mobile technology.
The Violence of Uncertainty: empirical evidence on how asylum waiting time undermines refugee health
Authors: Phillimore Jenny , Cheung Sin Yi
Published: June 2021

The idea of violent uncertainty was first introduced in the New England Journal of Medicine (2018) making claims about the deleterious impacts of insecure immigration status on the health of migrants. Policies of uncertainty are said to directly and indirectly create harm by impacting on individual’s health via detention and public degradation and undermining healthcare services. We offer original empirical evidence indicating an association with uncertainty, in the form of asylum waiting times, on refugees’ self-reported health. We devise four hypotheses that: long waiting time for asylum decisions increases likelihood of self-reported health problems and the effect persists overtime, that female refugees report higher levels of health problems and religion moderates the association between health and uncertainty. We use data from the UK longitudinal Survey of New Refugees wherein all new refugees were sent a baseline survey immediately after receiving refugee status and then follow-up surveys 21 months later. The findings show longer asylum waiting time is associated with poor health. Female refugees were more likely to report poor emotional and physical health. The negative effect of asylum waiting time on emotional health persists 21 months post settlement and is worse for women. The hypothesis about the ameliorating effect of religion is only partially supported. Our findings supports existing theory and qualitative studies on the deleterious effects of using policies of waiting-related uncertainty for managing migration. Given the wide use of such policies in the Global North, our work is suggestive of likely generalisability. Thus, countries with large refugee populations might want to consider our findings when developing asylum policy which minimises impact on refugee health.
Doenças fúngicas de solo na cultura da batata: sintomas, etiologia e manejo
Authors: Töfoli Jesus Guerino , Domingues Ricardo José , Ferrari Josiane Takassaki
Published: June 2021

As doenças fúngicas de solo podem ser problemáticas e causar sérios prejuízos à cultura da batata. Elas podem afetar a germinação, a emergência, o desenvolvimento vegetativo e o ciclo da cultura, assim como reduzir a produtividade e a qualidade dos tubérculos. Além do difícil controle, os agentes causais dessas doenças são capazes de produzir estruturas de resistência que podem perpetuá-los por longos períodos no solo, inviabilizando, muitas vezes, o cultivo da batata em áreas infestadas.
Ocorrência do Cassava Common Mosaic Vírus (CsCMV) e Cassava Vein Mosaic Vírus (CsVMV) em cultivares de mandioca em Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Colariccio Addolorata , Rivas Eliana Borges , Bonfim Junior Mauro Ferreira , Peruch Luiz Augusto Martins
Published: June 2021

O cultivo da mandioca é realizado na maioria dos municípios e estados brasileiros, sendo uma pequena parte destinada ao consumo in natura e a maior parte para a produção de farinha e extração de amido. Embora seja uma planta rústica, diversos fatores bióticos e abióticos podem reduzir a produtividade da cultura. As doenças viróticas causam impacto na cultura, principalmente devido a eficiente disseminação do patógeno por meio da propagação vegetativa das manivas infectadas e degenerescência das raízes. No Brasil já foram relatados o Cassava common mosaic virus (CsCMV), Cassava vein mosaic virus (CsVMV), e Cassava frogskin disease, destacando-se os dois primeiros como os mais disseminados no país.
Do the stage of plant and initial population of root knot nematode influence on sweet pepper development?
Authors: Oliveira Samara A. de , Rosa Juliana M. O , Eulálio Juliana , Oliveira Claudio Marcelo G. de
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the response of three different stages (one, three and five leaf pairs) of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum cv. Orazio) seedlings to five inoculation levels of Meloidogyne enterolobii (zero (control), 300, 1000, 3000 and 10000) under greenhouse conditions. Each plant was cultivated in one pot filled with 3.8 L of substrate. The test was a completely randomized design with four replications. The plants were assessed 60 days after inoculation, plant shoot weight, final population of nematodes, and reproduction factor were measured. The results were fitted to Seinhorst model: Y = m + (1-m). ZPi –T. The results showed a tolerance limit (T) of 2,500 nematodes for plants with one and three leaf pair, and 8,500 nematodes for the five-leaf pair plant.
Clifford Mason, Macbeth in Harlem: Black Theater in America from the Beginning to Raisin in the Sun
Authors: Glover Eric M.
Published: June 2021

Ira Frederick Aldridge is often believed by historians to herald the zenith of Black theatre, but he may instead herald the nadir of Black theatre. So argues actor, director, dramatic critic, and playwright Clifford Mason in his book Macbeth in Harlem, which presents thoughtful and provocative interpretations of musicals and plays by and about Black people before, during, and after freedom.
Magda Romanska and Kathleen Cioffi, eds., Theatermachine: Tadeusz Kantor in Context
Authors: Sosnowska Dorota
Published: June 2021

Theatermachine: Tadeusz Kantor in Context describes and analyses Kantor’s art and theatre from different cultural, national, and disciplinary viewpoints. It makes the case for understanding Kantor’s artistic output not only as practice but also as a strong theoretical proposal that rethinks how matter, performance, objects, and actors can be realized on stage and in art.
High-Temperature Performance of Self-Healing SiC-YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited by Using Various Plasma Spray Concepts
Authors: Hassanzadeh Mohammad , Sokołowski Paweł , Musalek Radek , Medricky Jan , Csaki Stefan
Published: June 2021

In this study, a novel self-healing concept is considered in order to increase the lifetime of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in modern gas turbines. For that purpose, SiC healing particles were introduced to conventional 8YSZ topcoats by using various plasma spray concepts, i.e., composite or multilayered coatings. All topcoats were sprayed by SG-100 plasma torch on previously deposited NiCrAlY bondcoats produced by conventional atmospheric plasma spraying. Coatings were subjected to thermal conductivity measurements by laser flash method up to 1000°C, isothermal oxidation testing up to 200h at 1100°C and finally thermal cyclic fatigue (TCF) lifetime testing at 1100°C. Microstructural coating evaluation was performed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), in the as-produced and post high-temperature tested states. This was done to analyze the self-healing phenomena and its influence on the high-temperature performance of the newly developed TBCs.
Contribution in Optimization of Honeycomb Abradable Seals Structure
Authors: Pathak P. , Dzhurinskiy D. , Elkin A. , Shornikov P. , Dautov S. , Ivanov V.
Published: June 2021

The abradable coatings had significantly enhanced turbomachinery performance by acting as a sacrificial seal between rotating blades and stationary casing. Further improvement in seal design to meet the higher energy demand and increase the service time has been the key challenges to solve in the gas turbine industry. Honeycomb seals have become the industry standard clearance seal technique due to their unique design and high structural strength with minimum weight. The present study proposes a concept to form a thermal shock resistance structure to achieve higher temperature capability and improve the reliability of abradable seal structures. A cavity layer of honeycomb seal structure made of SS 321 alloy was coated with advanced high-temperature ZrO2+7.5%Y2O3+4% polyester seal material using TriplexPro-210 plasma spray system. The integrity of a seal structure was assessed by a cross-sectional analysis and evaluation of the coating microstructure. Additionally, the microhardness test was performed to estimate coating fracture toughness, and Object-Oriented Finite Element analysis was used to assess its thermo-mechanical performance. The concept proposed in this study should be further validated to develop the most capable innovative technology for advanced gas turbine abradable seal structures.
Principle and Practice to Achieve Improvements in TBC Thermal Cycle Lifetime
Authors: He Jianhong , Sharobem Timothy , Zhou Naixie , Dwivedi Gopal
Published: June 2021

As a critical technology, thermal barrier coatings (TBC) have been used in both aero engines and industrial gas turbines for a few decades, however, the most commonly used MCrAlY bond coats which control air plasma sprayed (APS) TBC lifetime are still deposited by the powders developed in 1980s. This motivates a reconsideration of development of MCrAlY at a fundamental level to understand why the huge efforts in the past three decades has so little impact on industrial application of MCrAlY alloys. Detailed examination of crack trajectories of thermally cycled samples and statistic image analyses of fracture surface of APS TBCs confirmed that APS TBCs predominately fails in top coat. Cracks initiate and propagate along splat boundaries next to interface area. TBC lifetime can be increased by either increasing top coat fracture strength (strain tolerance) or reducing the tensile stress in top coat or both. By focusing on the reduction of tensile stress in top coats, three new bond coat alloys have been designed and developed, and the significant progress in TBC lifetime have been achieved by using new alloys. Extremely high thermal cycle lifetime is attributed to the unique properties of new alloys, such as remarkably lower coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and weight fraction of β phase, absence of mixed / spinel oxides, and TGO self repair ability, which cannot be achieved by the existed MCrAlY alloys.
Cold Spray Deposition of Heat-Treated Inconel 718 Powders
Authors: Perez Lorena , Colburn Jake , Brewer Luke N. , Renfro Michael , McKechnie Tim
Published: June 2021

In this work, Inconel 718 gas-atomized powder was successfully heat treated over the range of 700-900°C. As-atomized and as-heat treated powders were cold sprayed with both nitrogen and helium gasses. Cold spray of high strength materials is still challenging due to their resistance to particle deformation affecting the resulting deposit properties. Powder heat treatment to modify its deformation behavior has recently been developed for aluminum alloy powders, however, there is no literature reported for Inconel 718 powders. The microstructural evolution of the powder induced by the heat treatment was studied and correlated with their deformation behavior during the cold spray deposition. Deposits sprayed with heat-treated powders at 800 and 900 °C and nitrogen showed less particle deformation and higher porosity as compared to as-atomized deposit associated to the presence of delta phase in the powders precipitated by the heat treatment. In contrast, deposits sprayed with helium using both powder conditions, as-atomized and as heat-treated powders, showed high particle deformation and low porosity indicating that the type of gas has a greater effect on the particle deformation than the delta phase precipitated in the heat-treated powders. These results contribute to understanding the role of powder microstructure evolution induced by heat treatment on the cold spray deposits properties.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Residual Stress of Cold Sprayed Nickel-Base Superalloys
Authors: Shrestha Deepika , Azarmi Fardad , Tangpong X.W.
Published: June 2021

Residual stress can be developed in most thermally sprayed coatings due to the momentum of molten particles during impact, and heat transfer during solidification of the splats. Another reason for residual stress built-up in thermally sprayed coatings is due to splat curl-up during solidification and the differences in thermal expansion coefficients between the coating and the substrate. However, in the cold spraying process, it is believed that the main reason for residual stress formation is plastic deformation during impact and flattening of solid particles. Residual stresses can drastically influence coating quality and reduce its service time. In this study, residual stress is measured for two well-known nickel based super alloys (Inconel 625 and Inconel 718) deposited on 7074 aluminum alloy substrates by the cold spraying technique. Residual stress in Inconel 625 was found to be highly tensile on the surface and compressive on the subsurfaces. After heat treatment the residual stress was relieved and was compressive in nature. Whereas for Inconel 718, residual stress was compressive on the surface and tensile on the subsurfaces in the as-sprayed condition. After heat treatment, the residual stress was compressive with increased magnitude. The heat treatment at 800°C made the residual stress more compressive. The porosities of both Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 were reduced after heat treatment.
Strain Gradient Plasticity Modeling to Evaluate Material Plastic Deformation Behavior During Cold Gas Dynamic Spray Process
Authors: Dzhurinskiy D. , Dautov S. , Shornikov P. , Akhatov I. Sh.
Published: June 2021

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is the main feature of the Cold Spray (CS) process, which might result in producing metal grain refinement under extensive hydrostatic pressure and high strain rate loading conditions. In this study, an anisotropic strain gradient plasticity model (SGP) is presented to predict materials behavior in CS process. The enhanced dislocation densities produced throughout particle deformation affect coating material properties and modify their thermodynamic characteristics and kinetics of resistance to plastic deformations. This study also demonstrates that the SGP model can describe the experimentally observed trends and account for homogenization of the accumulated strains under dynamic recrystallization conditions. The evolution of statistically stored dislocation density through the characteristic material length scale parameter is in good agreement with experimental results and data reported by other research groups. The proposed SGP modeling is suggested as an express method to evaluate the advanced coating and additively manufactured materials, and powder feedstock used in thermal spray and 3D manufacturing applications.
Bafa Gölü (Aydın)’ndeki Gümüş Balığı (Atherina boyeri) Popülasyonunun Boy-Ağırlık İlişkisi
Authors: OFLUOĞLU Öykü , KURTUL İrmak , SARI Hasan , İLHAN Ali
Published: June 2021

Gümüş balığı (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810), doğal olarak denizler ve lagün bölgelerinde yayılış gösteren örihalin bir türdür. Bu tür, balıkçılık amacıyla, resmȋ kuruluşların bilgisi olmadan doğal göllere ve yapay göletlere de taşınmış ve Türkiye’de, deniz ile doğrudan bağlantısı bulunmayan pek çok göl ve rezervuarda son yıllarda hızla yayılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Bafa Gölü’nde, Eylül 2018 ve Mayıs 2019’da yapılan örnekleme çalışmalarından elde edilen toplam 2204 adet gümüş balığı bireyinin boy-ağırlık ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Balıkların total boy dağılımı, 5,0-10,7 cm arasında değişim göstermektedir. Ortalama total boy ise 7,51±0,023 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bireylerin toplam ağırlık dağılımı 1,10-10,08 g arası değişim göstermekte olup, ağırlık ortalaması 3,32±0,033 g olarak hesaplanmıştır. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi eşitliği W=0,0082L2,9418, sh(b)=0,018 r=0,947 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bafa Gölü gümüş balığı örneklerinde negatif allometrik büyüme modeli gözlenmiştir.
Effects of Juglone on the Antioxidant Metabolism in the Larval Hemolymph of the Greater Wax Moth Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: DUMAN ERBAŞ Emine , ALTUNTAŞ Hülya
Published: June 2021

Reducing the usage of chemical pesticides used to control pests in agriculture and stored products is an important phenomenon. Also, eco-friendly biopesticides have become highly important for use in the management of the pest control programs to overcome the negative influences of other synthetic chemicals. In this study oxidative stress changes induced by one important phytochemical compound, juglone, in Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. For this purpose, effective concentrations (LC10: 0.5 mg; LC30: 1.5 mg; LC50: 2.3 mg) of juglone were added into the 2 g diet of the first instar larvae. Hemolymph samples from the last instar larvae were used to analyses of antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidases – GPx, glutathione-S transferase - GST, catalase - CAT, and superoxide dismutase - SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GST) and MDA level in the hemolymph of last instar G. mellonella larvae exposed to dietary juglone changed dose-dependently when compared to the control larvae. However, there was no change detected in GPx enzyme activity in both treated and untreated larvae. Consequently, effective doses of juglone are toxic to the model and pest insect G. mellonella.