bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of political developments in democratic, communist and dictatorial systems and their impact on power, governance and human rights
Authors: Hamdi Assia
Published: September 2024

In the current era, the world is experiencing profound political and economic shifts, marking a departure from the norms that dominated the pre-industrial period. Notably, the dissolution of feudal and communal systems, which were emblematic of an economy rooted in pastoral ideologies, has been underway since the French Revolution. This transformative period has not only reshaped global dynamics but also led to the reconstitution of modern state structures within the context of institutional states. This research delves into the evolving patterns of political changes and their economic repercussions in the contemporary global landscape. Our study aims to decipher the dynamics of international transformations within the global political arena and explore their interconnections with the emerging world order. Furthermore, we have endeavored to trace the philosophical political roots that underpinned these economic systems, examining their genesis and subsequent influence on political developments across various regimes, with a particular focus on implications for human rights. An analytical methodology underpins our examination of these political transformations. Central to our inquiry is the following pivotal question: What is the impact of developments in political and economic systems in the contemporary world on authority, governance, and human rights? To address this question, we deemed it necessary to discuss three topics related to political transformation, presenting an analysis for each of the following axes:
1-Circumstances and history of modern political transformations. 2-Modern political demands, compared to advanced political aspirations. 3-Human rights, between liberal propaganda and democracy.
Our findings reveal that political variables have undergone substantial changes that significantly influence political ideologies, the conceptualization of authority, and human rights considerations. Among these influential factors are: Globalization and Technology: Technological advancements and the expansion of global communications via the Internet have opened new avenues for political discourse and interaction. This development transcends local boundaries, positioning politics as a globally interconnected phenomenon. Social and Cultural Transformations: There has been a significant shift in social and cultural paradigms, particularly in the heightened awareness of human rights. This shift has broadened the scope of political thought and necessitated the integration of these issues into both national and international political dialogues. Economic Transformations: The evolution of economic structures, spurred by technological progress and globalization, has profound implications for political theories concerning the equitable distribution of wealth, economic opportunities, poverty alleviation, and addressing economic disparities.
Diversity of style in the works of the artist (Naziha Selim)
Authors: ALARCÓN MIGUEL MOLINA , Najem Sarmad Mohammad , Najem Taif Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Iraqi art underwent a significant transformation in the second half of the 20th century, seeking to remove established norms, which led to ground-breaking outputs from artists like Naziha Salim. Her work represents a pivotal shift, rooted in two main aspects: the inspiration from cultural heritage and its contemporary application. Salim's art exemplifies beauty through the use of modern techniques, diverse materials, varying styles, and the interplay of lines and space, alongside the strategic use of color masses. This diversity is the cornerstone of this study. The research is structured into four chapters. The first chapter addresses the research problem, stemming from the question: To what extent does the diversity of style manifest in Naziha Salim's works? The aim is to explore this diversity, alongside highlighting the research's significance and scope. The second chapter comprises two sections: the first reviews the multiplicity of styles in modern European art schools, while the second delves into the diversity of styles in contemporary Iraqi painting, particularly focusing on the experiences of various artists, with a special emphasis on Naziha Salim's work. The third chapter outlines the research methodology, detailing the study population, which includes 15 of Salim's artworks. The sample consists of three works, selected and analyzed based on expert recommendations, employing a descriptive analytical approach to meet the study's objectives and derive conclusions. The fourth chapter presents the research findings, such as Salim's reflection of the social environment and the juxtaposition of reality's tragedies, forming a stylistic, intellectual, and nationalistic vision. The conclusions suggest that the artistic scene revolves around the genuine impetus behind creating art and its relationship with environment, history, and the artist’s introspection. Additionally, the chapter includes recommendations and proposals, concluding with images of the analyzed artworks.
PRIMEIROS SOCORROS NAS ESCOLAS: ENSINANDO A SALVAR VIDAS
Authors: Lima Weverson Luis Monteiro , Matos Amanda da Silva , Santos Geovana Baier dos , Miranda Heloisa Sthefany dos Santos , Carvalho Juan Mathaus Leal de , Sousa Raysa Pereira de , Moreira Teresa Costa do Amaral , Damasceno Iangla Araújo de Melo
Published: September 2024

Apenas 3,7% dos bebês menores de 1 ano com parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) fora do ambiente hospitalar sobrevivem. Uma ressuscitação cardiopulmonar iniciada por pessoa leiga com treinamento médico aumenta a sobrevida do número de vítimas, além de diminuir a chance de desfecho neurológico ruim, revelou um estudo de coorte com análise de 83.900 crianças vítimas de PCR. Com isso, é possível depreender que a PCR em crianças tem baixíssima taxa de sobrevivência, sobretudo, pela ausência de pessoas com instrução em como realizar a massagem torácica precoce. Este projeto foi direcionado a professores e funcionários da educação municipal de Araguaína-TO, com o objetivo de instruí-los, por meio de teoria e prática com manequins, nas condutas do suporte básico de vida para leigos treinados, conforme as diretrizes da American Heart Association. O objetivo foi impactar positivamente a sobrevida e o desfecho neurológico das vítimas de parada cardiorrespiratória, através do preparo dos profissionais participantes. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa (CEP) – UNITPAC, sob o número CAAE 67185222.8.0000.0014. A maioria dos participantes (97,3%) reconheceu a importância de verificar a respiração de uma pessoa desmaiada, mas 33,3% desconheciam que o pulso e a respiração devem ser checados em apenas 10 segundos, o que pode causar atrasos críticos. Apenas 13,3% acertaram a localização correta para checar o pulso, demonstrando uma falha significativa no conhecimento básico. 18,7% ainda têm dúvidas sobre a posição correta para realizar as compressões, e 45,3% acreditam erroneamente que o padrão de compressões/ventilações permanece o mesmo com mais de um socorrista. Esses resultados indicam que, embora exista uma base de conhecimento sobre SBV, é crucial oferecer treinamento contínuo, especialmente prático, para garantir que os profissionais estejam realmente preparados para agir em emergências, aumentando assim a sobrevida e melhorando os desfechos neurológicos das vítimas de parada cardiorrespiratória.
Provera uslova rada unutar kabine motornog vozila po pitanju osvetljenja
Authors:   Tehnički opitni centar Beograd, Jovanović Milena , Tripković Marina ,   Tehnički opitni centar Beograd
Published: September 2024

Predmet ovog ispitivanja je motorno vozilo sa kabinom, za ugradnju i transport telekomunikacione opreme, koje se koristi za rad posade u vojne svrhe. Unutar kabine treba da se omogući olakšan rad, odnosno dobro viđenje, tj. tačno i brzo opažanje uz što manji zamor očju. Potrebno je ispitati električno osvetljenje prostora, koje se javlja kao opšte osvetljenje i opšte sa dopunskim osvetljenjem. Osvetljenost radnog mesta predviđenog za posadu zavisi će od električnih izvora unutar kabine, ali i od faktora refleksije tavanice, zidova, podova i opreme prostora. Osvetljenje, takođe, treba da ispuni određene uslove koji su propisani važećim standardom JUS U.C9.100, a to je da: odgovara svojoj nameni, da zadovolji estetske uslove, da je ekonomično, da zadovolji odredbe sigurnosti i da ima svojstva prema odredbama propisanog standarda. Ispitivanje kvaliteta električnog osvetljenja, tj. ispitivanje osvetljenosti radnog prostora se vrši u cilju sprečavanja štetnih posledica u radu i kretanju posade unutar kabine.
Određivanje maksimalne frekvencije takta 5-bitnog serijskog konvertora sekvence maksimalne dužine u prirodni binarni kod
Authors:   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet, Dinčić Milan R. , Miljković Goran S. ,   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet, Stojanović Milica S. ,   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet, Denić Dragan B. ,   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet, Jovanović Jelena R. ,   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet, Đorđević Kozarov Jelena R. ,   Univerzitet u Nišu - Elektronski fakultet
Published: September 2024

Ovaj rad je posvećen određivanju maksimalne frekvencije takta serisjkog konvertora sekvence maksimalne dužine u prirodni binarni kod, kao jednog od najvažnijih faktora koji utiču na maksimalnu brzinu rada pseudoslučajnih apsolutnih enkodera pozicije. Maksimalna frekvencija takta je određena na osnovu detaljne analize propagacionih kašnjenja unutar serijskog konvertora koda. U radu se razmatra 5-bitni serijski konvertor, ali princip i prikazana analiza mogu da se primene i za druge vrednosti rezolucije. Na osnovu izvršene teorijske analize izračunate su konkretne numeričke vrednosti propagacionih kašnjenja i maksimalne frekvencije takta, za slučaj da je serijski konvertor koda realizovan pomoću 74LVC familije logičkih kola.
Prilog analizi upotrebe veštačke inteligencije u forenzici
Authors:   Kriminalističko-policijski univerzitet, Beograd, Jovanović Milan , Radovanović Radovan ,   Kriminalističko-policijski univerzitet, Beograd, Janković Milica ,   Kriminalističko-policijski univerzitet, Beograd
Published: September 2024

Veštačka inteligencija prestavlja jednu od okosnica tehnološkog razvoja u 21. veku. Očekuje se da njena upotreba dostigne sve veće razmere i da ima veliki uticaj na društvo, od poslovne do naučne sfere. Forenzika, kao nauka ograničena, kako naučnim principima, tako i zakonskim odredbama, nije izuzetak od pokušaja upotrebe veštačke inteligencije. Cilj ovog rada jeste davanje pregleda mogućnosti upotrebe veštačke inteligencije i sistema zasnovanih na veštačkoj inteligenciji u okviru forenzike, analiza ograničenja koja se u dostupnoj stručnoj literaturi navode, kao i izazovi koji se moraju prevazići tako da bi upotreba ove tehnologije bila efikasnija i optimalna.
Извори генетичке разноврсности паприке у Републици Србији, могућности евидентирања и карактеризације
Authors:   Управа за заштиту биља, Београд, Зарубица Катарина , Сабадош Владимир ,   Пољопривредно-стручна служба, Сомбор
Published: September 2024

Савремено оплемењивање је несумњиво значајно допринело развоју пољопривреде, али често доводи и до сужења генетичке основе гајених биљака, чиме се повећава њихова рањивост на биотичке и абиотичке стресне факторе. Да би се осигурала биљна производња у будућности, нове сорте морају имати већу генетичку разноврсност. Генетичка разноврсност биљних врста, у овом случају паприке, не само да представља историјско и културно благо једне државе, већ може представљати и важан извор прихода. За очување и унапређење биљног биодиверзитета у Републици Србији постоје различити нивои и облици активности.
Spatial Analysis of Diabetes Mellitus in Jambi Province: Methods Space-Time Scan Statistic and Spatial Autocorrelation
Authors: Halim Rd. , Noerjoedianto Dwi , Sitepu Frans Yosep
Published: September 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that threatens human health, the research aims to determine distribution, clusters, and spatial autocorrelation. The type of research is an exploratory study with an ecological design. Diabetes Mellitus using a Geographic Information System (GIS) is analyzed spatially. The research was conducted in the Jambi Province Region. The research sample was participants with a diagnosis of DM sourced from data from visits by the Social Security Administering Agency as name (BPJS)  at FKTP in 2020 - 2022. The results of the space-time scan statistical analysis during the 2020-2022 period found 10 DM clusters with details of 3 most likely clusters and 7 secondary clusters. Spatial autocorrelation analysis with Moran's I index found that there was spatial autocorrelation of DM in Jambi Province during the three-year research period. The conclusion obtained is that there are clusters and autocorrelation of DM disease in Jambi Province, the need for intervention in prevention and control programs in cluster and hotspot areas.
The Association between Comorbidity and Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant (B.1.1.529) Infection in Bengkulu: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Seroja Retno Wulan , Sariyanti Mardhatillah , Mulyadi  , Kurniati Annelin , Suryani Utari Hartati
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The Omicron variant is a strain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with higher infectivity and transmissibility (2.8 and 3.2 times) than Delta, but the pathogenicity of Omicron is weaker. Some studies indicate that a history of comorbidities can enhance the pathogenicity.
Objectives: This research investigates the correlation between comorbidity and disease severity in COVID-19 patients with the Omicron variant in Bengkulu.
Methods: This observational type with cross-sectional design consisted of 191 COVID-19 patients from January to December 2022. COVID-19 positive confirmation was collected through RT-PCR and medical records from Dr. M. Yunus, Harapan dan Doa, and Rafflesia Hospital with total sampling method. The medical record encompassed demographic characteristics, clinical manifestation features, and comorbid types. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between comorbidity and disease severity using the Spearman Rank test.
Results: The majority of subjects were 18-60 years (60.7%) and 53.9% were male. Most of the subjects experienced cough (72,7%) and were at a moderate level (47.6%). The most common comorbid were hypertension (21.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (20.6%), and the third common comorbid were diabetes and chronic kidney disease (15.4%). Overall, the disease severity was observed in 58 patients with mild, 91 moderate, and 42 severe. Spearman Rank test showed a significant correlation (p = 0,000) between comorbidities and disease severity of COVID-19 patients with the Omicron variant in Bengkulu City with moderate correlation strength (rs = 0,572).
Conclusions: The comorbidity history significantly influences the severity of illness among COVID-19 Omicron variant patients, whereby an increased number of comorbidities aggravated the severity of the disease.
Assessment of Public Knowledge and Attitudes Towards First Aid in the Al Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Almutairi Dr. Shaher , Almezini Mazen Mohammed , Alshammari Sami Fayadh , Alkhzaim Nasser Khaled
Published: September 2024

Accidents, injuries, and medical emergencies can occur unpredictably, with a significant proportion of fatalities in pre-hospital situations resulting from car accidents. Shockingly, about 39% of these fatalities could have been prevented with improved pre-hospital care. This study aimed to assess attitudes and knowledge regarding first aid among 408 individuals through a survey. Participants were surveyed on the importance of first aid learning, advising others to take first aid courses, fear of emergency situations, previous course attendance, and knowledge of specific first aid procedures. Results showed a strong consensus on the importance of first aid training, but many expressed fear of emergencies hindering their aid efforts. Barriers to course attendance included lack of time, unwillingness, and course unavailability. Participants showed varying knowledge levels, correctly identifying the Red Crescent Authority's emergency number but showing discrepancies in appropriate first aid actions for scenarios like car accidents and controlling bleeding. These findings underscore the importance of promoting first aid education and addressing barriers to course attendance. Tailored approaches may be necessary to address specific fears and improve knowledge of first aid procedures, ensuring that individuals are better equipped to respond effectively in emergency situations. By enhancing first aid training and addressing barriers, we can potentially reduce the number of preventable fatalities in pre-hospital settings, improving overall outcomes for individuals in need of emergency care.
Pediatric Tuberculosis Screening through Parent Involvement
Authors: Deswita  , Mansur Arif Rohman , Farlina Mutia
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries. Pediatric TB poses a unique challenge due to the difficulty in diagnosing the disease in young children. Early detection and treatment of TB are crucial to prevent transmission and improve outcomes. Parent involvement in pediatric TB screening can be vital in increasing case detection and reducing morbidity and mortality.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of pediatric TB screening through parent involvement in a community setting in Indonesia. The study will assess this approach's feasibility, acceptability, and impact on identifying TB cases among children. The findings will contribute to developing effective strategies for pediatric TB screening in resource-limited settings.
Methods: The research used a pre-and post-test design with a control group design involving 177 mothers with children aged 0-14 years in the Seberang Health Center Working Area, Padang City. Three interventions were applied: self-screening education, structured training, and self-screening simulation.
Results: The intervention group showed notable improvements in knowledge, understanding, confidence, and skills across all stages, with statistically significant results (p < 0.05). In contrast, the control group experienced either minimal improvements or decreases in these areas. These findings suggest that the comprehensive approach of education, training, and simulation-based interventions is highly effective in enhancing parents' capacity for early detection of childhood tuberculosis, offering a promising solution for preventing and managing the disease.
Conclusions: The results showed significant improvements in mothers' knowledge, understanding, and skills, with each approach contributing differently. The implications are substantial, providing practical guidance for the implementation of TB self-screening in communities and changing the paradigm of TB detection in children nationally and globally.
Burden and dimension of social quality of life related to Disaster Preparedness among family Caregivers with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wantonoro  , Harun Sigit , Nguyen Tuan Van
Published: September 2024

Bacground: Caregivers of chronic diseases patients have an important role in emergency and disaster preparedness. However, the lack of understanding of the relation of the caregiver’s burden, dimension of quality of life, and disaster preparedness for personal caregivers with chronic kidney disease.
Aim: This study aimed to examine caregivers' burden, dimension of quality of life, and disaster preparedness of personal caregivers with chronic kidney disease.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study design was adopted in this study. Accidental sample approach was used from January up to April 2024. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool Indonesian Version (DPET-I) were used to assess the study variables. Linear regression was used to examine caregivers' burden, dimension of quality of life and, disaster preparedness of family caregivers of chronic kidney diseases patients.
Results: Sixty family caregivers were included in this study with a family caregiver mean aged 51.8 years old. Sixty percent are male family caregivers. There were significant factors such as caregiver burden (β=0.45; p=0.008) and social dimension of the quality of life (β=0.19; p=0.04) for disaster preparedness of family caregivers with chronic kidney disease.
Conclusions: The caregiver’s burden and the social dimension of quality of life confirmed the factor associated with disaster preparedness of family caregivers with chronic kidney disease. Burden care and, social dimension of quality-of-life management for caregivers and, including family caregivers for the education of disaster preparedness are recommended to increase disaster preparedness of family caregivers with chronic kidney disease.
Persepsi Pendekatan Pembelajaran Terbeza: Solusi Dinamik untuk Kepelbagaian Tahap Pencapaian Murid di Bilik Darjah untuk murid PLaN
Authors: Ruslan Nor Aida
Published: September 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka persepsi keberkesanan inovatif pendekatan Pedagogi Terbeza dalam mengatasi cabaran pengajaran matematik kepada pelajar lemah di Batu Pahat, Johor. Dalam kajian ini, 60 pelajar dari tiga sekolah dipilih berdasarkan prestasi rendah mereka dalam matematik, menjadikan sampel ini ideal untuk menilai keberkesanan strategi pengajaran adaptif. Objektif utama adalah untuk mengkaji persepsi minat dan motivasi pelajar terhadap keberkesanan pendekatan pembelajaran terbeza dalam meningkatkan penguasaan matematik di kalangan murid PLaN (Program Literasi dan Numerasi). Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitif iaitu menggunakan instrumen soal selidik dengan skala Likert 5 mata untuk mengukur persepsi dan respons pelajar terhadap pendekatan pengajaran pedagogi terbeza. Prosedur kajian merangkumi pengedaran soal selidik, pengumpulan data secara sistematik, dan analisis statistik deskriptif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan, persepsi pelajar  adalah positif terhadap pendekatan Pedagogi Terbeza iaitu dapat meningkatkan prestasi akademik dan merangsang minat, motivasi serta penglibatan pelajar dalam proses pembelajaran. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa persepsi terhadap Pedagogi Terbeza adalah strategi pengajaran yang efektif, dan sesuai diperkembangkan secara meluas di sekolah-sekolah untuk meningkatkan penguasaan matematik di kalangan pelajar dengan latar belakang dan keperluan pembelajaran yang berbeza. Kajian ini juga penting mengenai potensi transformasi pendidikan melalui pendekatan pengajaran yang lebih fleksibel dan responsif.
Promoção da saúde no âmbito da saúde coletiva: desafios e perspectivas para a sustentabilidade das ações de saúde
Authors: Mello Priscila Gomes de , Quirino Antonio Carlos Martins , Melo Daliane Patrício da Silva , Gomes Natiele da Silva , Mariano Bruna Peixoto , Silva Danielle Patrício da , Mantovani Bruno Gabriel Cunha , Silva Anna Lara Luik Castro da , Trajano Diula de Lima , Amorim Adriano Oliveira , Silva Jaqueline Alessandra Castro da , Gomes Alexandre Pereira
Published: September 2024

A promoção da saúde é um pilar essencial da saúde coletiva, visando melhorar o bem-estar e prevenir doenças em nível populacional. No entanto, a sustentabilidade das ações de promoção da saúde enfrenta desafios significativos que comprometem sua eficácia e continuidade. Este estudo, por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, analisa os principais desafios e perspectivas para garantir a sustentabilidade dessas ações. A revisão abrange estudos publicados em 2024, utilizando bases de dados como SCIELO, LILACS, Medline/PUBMED, Scopus e Web of Science, com descritores relacionados à promoção da saúde e determinantes sociais. Os resultados identificaram vários desafios, incluindo a falta de liderança, dificuldades na coordenação entre profissionais, e desigualdades na cobertura vacinal. As perspectivas apontam para a necessidade de políticas públicas mais claras, integração de novas abordagens de pesquisa, e considerações holísticas dos determinantes sociais e climáticos. A pesquisa conclui que, embora existam desafios substanciais, há oportunidades para aprimorar a sustentabilidade das ações através de parcerias estratégicas, adaptação às necessidades locais e investimentos em estratégias inovadoras. A colaboração entre pesquisadores, formuladores de políticas e profissionais de saúde é crucial para enfrentar esses desafios e garantir a continuidade e eficácia das intervenções em saúde coletiva.
21st Century Skills Development in Modern Pesantren
Authors: Nabila Aghni Zakiatun , Farid Ahmad , Magfiroh Siti Zuflihatul , Hafizhah Nur Zhafirah , Khomsah Maulida Nisaul
Published: September 2024

Background: The integration of 21st-century skills into educational systems is crucial for preparing students for the global era. Modern Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Indonesia face the challenge of balancing traditional Islamic education with contemporary skill development.
Purpose: This study aims to examine the implementation of 21st-century skills development in modern pesantren, identify challenges, and explore effective strategies for integration.
Method: A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving three modern pesantren in Java. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, document analysis, and focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data.
Results: Modern pesantren have implemented various programs to develop critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, and digital literacy skills. However, they face challenges including limited resources, resistance to change, and concerns about preserving traditional values. Effective strategies identified include integrated curriculum development, teacher training, external partnerships, mentoring programs, and judicious use of technology.
Conclusion: Modern pesantren demonstrate significant potential in integrating 21st-century skills while maintaining their core Islamic values. The study recommends collaborative efforts among pesantren, government, researchers, and the community to support this educational transformation and enhance the relevance of pesantren education in the global era.
The Impact of Technology Integration in Learning on Increasing Student Engagement
Authors: Mufron Ali , Maharjan Kailie , Mark Elladdadi , Xavier Embrechts
Published: September 2024

Background:The Impact of Technology Integration in Learning on Increasing Student Engagement refers to how this technology integration can be used well in learning. With the integration of technology in learning, it will have a direct impact on students, both student involvement in using technology, as well as the impact on student activities and creativity.
Research purposes:This research was conducted with the aim of finding out how much impact technology integration has on increasing student engagement. Apart from that, it also aims as an explanation of how important technology is today in the learning process.
Method:The method used in this research is a quantitative method.This method is a way of collecting numerical data that can be tested. Data was collected through distributing questionnaires addressed to students. Furthermore, the data that has been collected from the results of distributing the questionnaire will be accessible in Excel format which can then be processed using SPSS.
Results:From the research results, it can be stated that the impact of technology integration in learning can indeed have an influence on increasing student engagement. Because basically, today's students are more interested in using technology. However, as a teacher you also need to supervise your students in learning when using this technology. This aims to ensure that students actually use technology to learn.
Conclusion:From this research, it can be concluded that the impact of technology integration in learning has a very big influence on student engagement. With technology, students can be creative in how they learn, increase students' knowledge in using technology, make students more enthusiastic about learning, and make students less likely to get bored while studying.
NITRIC OXIDE, SUPEROXIDE AND PEROXYNITRITE – REDOX REGULATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM BY NITRO-OXIDATIVE STRESS AND S-NITROS(YL)ATION
Authors: Daiber Andreas
Published: September 2024

Oxidative stress is characterized by an excessive and prolonged formation of oxidants, causing an accumulating load of irreversible oxidative modifications of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that compromise cell integrity. This competes with the concept of redox regulation, combining the regulatory influence of nitric oxide (•NO), superoxide (O2•―), and their derivatives on redox-sensitive signaling pathways in the cell. The transition from redox regulation to oxidative stress is not only determined by the absolute amount of oxidants formed, but also by the respective intracellular site of formation, by the capacity of the defense machinery of the respective cell type, and by the ratio between •NO and O2•― that determines the nature of secondary radical species formed. Equimolar and concomitant fluxes of •NO and O2•―, for instance, favor the formation of the oxidant peroxynitrite making O2•― an antagonist of •NO as well as an inhibitor of prostacyclin synthesis, while an excess of •NO over O2•― supports the formation of nitrosating species. Secondary •NO-derived species hence not only define cellular targets affected but also the nature of posttranslational modifications. A profound knowledge of redox regulation and the conditions supporting its fluent transition into oxidative stress is hence of outermost importance in molecular cardiovascular medicine. The present overview therefore aims to determine the spectrum of •NO-derived reactive species and the cellular conditions characteristic for reversible modifications and their modulation of cellular targets in redox regulation. The second objective is to define preconditions in cardiovascular cells culminating in an expenditure of the cellular antioxidant system and an accumulation of irreversible modifications that compromise cellular functions to a point of no return.
REDOX REGULATION OF NEUROVASCULAR COUPLING BY NITRIC OXIDE TO IMPROVE COGNITION IN AGING AND NEURODEGENERATION
Authors: Laranjinha João , Gonçalves João , Lourenço Cátia
Published: September 2024

The physicochemical properties of nitric oxide (NO) as an intercellular messenger, in particular the way it conveys information via volume signaling, translate into advantages of communication in the brain. This becomes apparent when considering neurovascular coupling (NVC), the tightly temporal and spatial functional communication between active neurons and local blood microvessels. That the brain is energetically expensive given its mass and that increased neuronal activity in a region of the brain is associated with a local increase in blood flow (CBF) has been known since the XIX century. In turn, the association between CBF dysregulation and cognitive decline has been consistently established in older adults (brain aging, neurodegenerative diseases, type II DM) and lab rodent models but the neurobiological links are poorly understood. I will discuss the notion that neuronal-derived NO is the key mediator of NVC in the hippocampus and that impairment of NVC is an early and likely causative event leading to cognitive decline. The premise is that by rescuing the functionality of NVC then cognitive enhancement should be observed. This will be experimentally supported on basis of a diet-driven redox mechanism, involving the interaction of nitrite with ascorbate released from active neurons. Data suggest that an operational NVC, allocating energy resources according to neuronal activity, is a most fundamental biochemical process that underlines biological organization to support cognition.   

Supported by project 2022.05454.PTDC (https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.05454.PTDC).
MEDITERRANEAN MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS) UNDER SALINITY STRESS: EFFECTS ON ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY
Authors: Yu Andreyeva Aleksandra , L Gostyukhina Olga , B Sigacheva Tatiana , A Tkachuk Anastasia , S Podolskaya Maria , S Chelebieva Elina , S. Kladchenko Ekaterina
Published: September 2024

Estuarine and intertidal bivalve mollusks frequently experience salinity fluctuations that may drive oxidative stress (OS) in the organism. Here we investigated OS markers and histopathological changes in gills and hemolymph of Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis acclimated to a wide range of salinities (6, 10, 14, 24, and 30 ‰). Mussels were captured at the shellfish farm with the salinity of 18% and then acclimated to hypo- and hypersaline conditions in the laboratory at the speed of 1.5±0.5‰ per day. Indicators of redox balance in hemocytes (intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, DNA damage) and gills (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (PC), activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured. The results revealed induction of OS in tissues and cells of mussels for both experimental increase and decrease salinity modeling. Hemocytes showed higher sensitivity to oxidative damage from salinity stress compared to gills, as DNA damage and elevated ROS levels were observed in all experimental groups except 14‰. A decrease in environmental salinity to 10 ‰ was likely within the physiological norm for mussels, as minor oxidative damage was noted. At a salinity of 6 ‰, the most significant signs of redox imbalance, including DNA damage, increased ROS production levels in hemocytes, and suppressed activity of SOD in gills were observed, along with elevated PC levels. An increase in environmental salinity up to 30 ‰ led to the enhancement of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the gills, which may be attributed to the high capacity of the antioxidant system in this organ. The study provides new insights into the effects of salinity stress on the tissue and cellular redox balance of bivalves, which is crucial for better understanding the potential consequences of the global transformation of coastal ecosystems.
BODY SIZE, BODY SHAPE AND BREAST CANCER RISK – METABOLIC AND REDOX LINK
Authors: Srdić Galić Biljana , Udicki Mirjana , Drvendžija Zorka , Ivković Kapicl Tatjana , Zakić Tamara , Janković Aleksandra , Korać Aleksandra , Korać Bato
Published: September 2024

Variations in body size and shape might be linked to different biological processes that affect breast cancer risk. Еpidemiological studies have confirmed that obesity, which is characterized by increased overall adiposity and assessed using body mass index (BMI), has direct relationship with the risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women, and opposite relationship with the risk among premenopausal women (“obesity paradox”). In addition to BMI, anthropometric descriptors of body shape, like waist and hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio are directly associated with both pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Excess adipose tissue, adipose tissue dysfunction, and adipose tissue-to-breast cancer crosstalk have important role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer due to the altered production of proinflammatory and proangiogenic mediators, growth factors, adipokines, and sex hormones, dysregulated insulin signaling pathway, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Fat distribution pattern exerts an effect beyond the effect of overall obesity in relation to breast cancer development because of more adverse systemic metabolic effects related to visceral adiposity. Body height and its components have direct association with postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Increased risk of breast cancer in taller persons is probably due to increased levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which is one of the major determinants of height, plays an important role in regulating breast stem cell number, and can affect cancer growth. Adult-attained height also reflects different aspects of maturation, including genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Assessment of changes in body height, mass, and distribution of adipose tissue throughout life is another important aspect of understanding the complex processes of metabolic reprogramming of energy pathways in breast cancer pathophysiology. Use of anthropometric descriptors of body size and shape can provide insight into underlying biological mechanisms, which is essential for developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

This research was supported by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, #7750238, Exploring new avenues in breast cancer research: Redox and metabolic reprogramming of cancer and associated adipose tissue - REFRAME.
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TOTAL OXIDANT STATUS AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Erceg Sanja , Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena , Tomašević Ratko , Mitrović Miloš , Mamić Milica , Ninić Ana
Published: September 2024

According to global epidemiology, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, affecting about a quarter of the adult population worldwide. NAFLD is characterised by the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes (steatosis), which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, a more severe form of NAFLD. Oxidative stress is closely linked to the disease progression due to the activation of inflammatory pathways. The aim of this study was to identify markers of redox status that could predict the risk of developing steatosis. The study included 179 participants who underwent ultrasound examination at University Medical Centers Zemun and Zvezdara. Participants were divided into two groups: 119 patients with steatosis and 60 apparently healthy controls (control group, CG). Biochemical markers as well as markers of redox status: total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined in serum spectrophotometrically on biochemical analysers. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to test the predictions of TOS and TAS for NAFLD. Patients had higher body mass index (P<0.001), glucose (P<0.001), uric acid (P<0.001), TOS (P=0.007), and TAS (P<0.001) levels compared to CG. Univariate binary regression analysis revealed significant predictive capability of TOS and TAS for NAFLD demonstrated by the following ORs: 1.104 (1.020-1.195) (P=0.014) and 1.003 (1.001-1.004) (P<0.001), respectively. After applying multivariate binary logistic regression analyses (adjustments were made for sex and BMI), TOS and TAS kept independent significant predictive capability for NAFLD, as demonstrated by the following ORs: 1.098 (1.009-1.195) (P=0.030) and 1.002 (1.000-1.003) (P=0.026), respectively. TOS and TAS are positively associated with the risk of developing NAFLD, independent of sex and BMI. Both markers are elevated, probably because increased oxidative activity requires a stronger antioxidant defence response, which should be confirmed by a follow-up study including more participants.
Human Resources and Professional Quality of Life Among Hospital Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yaqi Zhang , Chua Loresita Antonia
Published: September 2024

A quantitative descriptive design was employed to assess the pandemic's impact on nurse human resources and the hospital nurses’ professional quality of life by using the hospital nursing human resource questionnaire and Work-related Quality of Life Scale-1. Hospital nurses, totaling 384, were exclusively recruited from tertiary hospitals within the region. The majority were female nurses aged 31-40, with the professional title of intermediate-level with a bachelor's degree qualification. They possess extensive professional experience, with most having accumulated over six years of service across various specialized departments within the hospital. The findings revealed that the shortage of nursing staff remained severe, particularly among senior titles and experienced nurses, and the resignation rate among nurses was not significantly affected. The majority of nurses hold a bachelor's degree, which is advantageous for the healthcare system. However, a relatively high proportion of middle and junior-level titles and junior nurses indicated challenges faced by regional nurse teams and posed difficulties for the healthcare system. Regarding the professional quality of life, the results showed no significant difference between the variables being compared when grouped according to the demographic profiles except working hospitals. Consequently, hospital administrators and healthcare system policymakers may look closely and implement strategies to increase the number of nurses, particularly those with senior professional titles, while enhancing hospital leadership and the hospital nurses’ professional quality of life. A Proposed Enhancement Program for the Professional Quality of Life for Nurses was drafted from the results of the study. Keywords: human resources, professional quality of life, COVID-19 pandemic, hospital nurses
Peningkatan Produksi Usaha Sabun Cair VI’CLEAN dengan Penerapan Elektro-Motor pada Sistem Alat Pengaduk
Authors: Abdullah  , Samaria Chrisna HS  , Gunoro  , Moh. Zainul Haq  , Sinta Marito Siagian  , Yessy Dea Sylvia Saragih
Published: September 2024

Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) adalah usaha untuk meningkatkan ekonomi sekaligus kualitas hidup masyarakat kecil, salah satunya usaha produksi sabun cair yang saat ini banyak dijadikan pilihan pekerjaan bagi ibu rumah tangga dikarenakan sabun cair salah satu produk yang menjadi kebutuhan pokok dalam kehidupan manusia sehari–hari. Ada beberapa pertimbangan dalam usaha sabun cair yang menjadi permasalahan mitra salah satunya proses produksi pengolahan sabun cair tersebut. Untuk menghasilkan kualitas dan kuantitas produk sabun cair yang baik dibutuhkan alat pengolahan produk yang baik pula, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk peningkatan produksi pada mitra usaha sabun cair VI’CLEAN dengan menerapkan elektro-motor sebagai sistem penggerak sabun cair agar produksi sabun cair dapat meningkat tidak hanya kualitas melainkan juga kuantitasnya dimana saat ini mitra melakukan pembuatan dan pengolahan sabun cair yang dilakukan menggunakan alat manual yang tentu saja menyebabkan kurang efisien dan maksimalnya kualitas dan kuantitas sabun cair yang dihasilkan, berdasarkan dari permasalah mitra tersebut tidak hanya pemberian alat pengaduk saja tetapi bagaimana penggoperasian dan perawatan berkala yang harus dilakukan agar alat tersebut awet dan dapat digunakan untuk jangka waktu yang lama. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian ini yaitu telah diterapkannya teknologi penggunaan elektro-motor yang dilengkapi dengan pengaturan kecepatan sehingga dapat berkontribusi dalam peningkatan produksi usaha sabun cair VI’CLEAN lebih optimal baik dari segi kuantitas dan kualitasnya.
Outcome of Treatment of Locally Advanced Oral Cavity Cancer with Concurrent Chemo-Radiation in Comparison to Radiotherapy Alone
Authors: Akter H
Published: September 2024

According to the World Health Report 2004, Oral cancer is more common in developing than developed countries. At least95% of the head-neck cancers are squamous cell carcinoma and arising most commonly in the oral cavity. Non operativetreatment strategies for oral cancer involving radiation and chemotherapy continue to evolve with the most current trend beingthat of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The study was conducted to compare the outcome of concurrent chemo-radiationtherapy and radiotherapy alone in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. The study was designed with 62patients of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and was divided into two study groups. Concurrent chemo-radiation group(Group A) consisting 31 patients treated by radiotherapy of 66 Gy in 33 fraction for 6.5 weeks and concurrent chemotherapy2with three cycles of cisplatin (75mg/m ) per day 3 weeks apart . Another 31 patients (Group-B) were treated with radiotherapyalone by 66 Gy in 33 fractions for 6.5 weeks. Comparison between concurrent chemo-radiation and radiotherapy alone werestudied. In this study, in chemo-radiotherapy group (Group-A) complete response (CR) was found in 20 (64.52%) cases andpartial response (PR) was found in 11 (35.48%) cases. In radiotherapy group (Group-B) complete response (CR) was found in12 (38.71%) cases and partial response (PR) was found in 19 (61.29%) cases. It was found that complete and partial response2 2was 100%. Calculated χ value was 4.14 which is greater than the table value of χ i.e. 3.84. Statistically the result wassignificant (P<0.05). So, for better treatment outcome concurrent chemoradiotherapy can be offered for loco-regionallyadvanced squamous cell carcinoma originating from oral cavity region.
Study of Utilization of Health Care Services in Upazilla Health Complex, Keraniganj, Dhaka
Authors: Begum N
Published: September 2024

Background: Utilization of health care services is an important public health and policy issue in developing countries.However, the level of health care services and its utilization rate is not satisfactory in many countries of the world.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to assess utilization of healthcare services of Upazilla Health Complex,Keranigang, Dhaka.

Methods: This is a descriptive type of cross sectional study, which was conducted in Keraniganj Upazilla Health Complex,Dhaka during the period of march to August 2021. Total 140 data were collected purposively by face to face interview using asemi structured questionnaire.

Results: Among all the respondents, maximum 67 (47.85%) was with equal or more than 40 years of age and minimum 13(9.28%) was with less than 20 years of age respectively. Majority 86 (61.42%) were female and 54 (38.57%) were male. Almost95 (67.85%) were Islam, 43 (30.71%) were Hindu and only 2 (1.42%) were Christian. Majority 59 (42.14%) was illiterate. Halfof the respondents 54 (38.57%) were housewife and minimum 4 (2.85%) were driver. Maximum 68 (48.57%) had monthlyincome 10,000-20,000 Taka and minimum 9 (6.42%) had monthly income equal or more than 30,000 Taka. Majority 74(52.85%) had family member equal or more than 5, 66 (47.14%) had family member less than 5. 140 (100%) respondents hadknowledge about outdoor services from this health complex among them majority 76 (54.28%) respondents observed 200-300outdoor patients attended daily, 73(52.14%) respondents took emergency care daily and 83 (59.28%) respondents respond<15 patients took indoor service daily. UHC is very important to improve accessibility to the health care service.

Conclusion: The first referral hospital in primary level of health care delivery system of Bangladesh is UHC. Informationexchange on supervisory and monitoring reports as well as increase manpower fascilities found essential to improvepopulation satisfaction & its better utilization.