bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disseminação de discursos de ódio em comentários de notícias: uma análise a partir de notícias sobre o universo LGBT em cibermeios sul-mato-grossenses no Facebook
Authors: Silva Marcos Paulo da , Silva Lucas Souza da
Published: September 2021

Resumo O artigo ancora-se na hipótese de fundo de que nenhuma modalidade de discurso se dissemina socialmente se não encontrar respaldo em padrões culturais mais amplos pavimentados na vida cotidiana. Nesse sentido, busca-se analisar as modalidades de manifestação do discurso de ódio contra a população LGBT nos comentários de publicações de notícias na plataforma Facebook no cenário de Mato Grosso do Sul. O trabalho aborda o contexto de constituição das redes sociais, a crescente apropriação desses espaços pelas empresas jornalísticas para a veiculação de notícias e as consequências desses fenômenos na manifestação de discursos de ódio. Apresenta-se uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos comentários classificados como discursos de ódio nas publicações de nove notícias dos três principais cibermeios sul-mato-grossenses – Campo Grande News, Midiamax e Correio do Estado. Em um universo total de 1.784 comentários destas publicações, 477 foram classificados como discurso de ódio, com prevalência das categorias “repulsa pela existência ou repúdio pelas atitudes das pessoas LGBT” e “descrédito da informação jornalística”.
Biospeckle Laser Technique for mechanical damage assessment in Tommy atkins mango fruits
Authors: Santana Taize Calvacante , Silva Rodes Angelo Batista da , Pandorfi Héliton , Silva Marcos Vinícius da , Rodrigues Silvestre , Guiselini Cristiane , Cavalcanti Sávio Duarte Lopes , Gomes Nicoly Farias
Published: September 2021

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of biological activity measured by the Biospeckle Laser technique applied to mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) subjected to mechanical damage at different stages of maturation. The tests were carried out twice a week for twenty-one days, and 40 mangoes of the variety Tommy Atkins were used. The procedure was divided into two stages: the first simulated the impact on fruits, and in the second stage, the laser light was applied to the impacted area. After laser application, the images of all fruits were submitted to graphic processing, in order to obtain maps of biological activity of the fruits. The Biospeckle laser technique associated with image analysis allowed the identification of distinct biological activity levels in the mangoes, certifying its potential application as a non-destructive test tool, in the monitoring of biological activity in fruit samples.
Bacteria and yeasts associated to Colonial cheese production chain and assessment of their hydrolytic potential
Authors: Souza Priscilla Vieira de , Grecellé Cristina B. Zaffari , Barreto Fabiano , Ramírez-Castrillon Maurício , Valente Patrícia , Costa Marisa da
Published: September 2021

Abstract Different types of microorganisms are important in cheese-making because of the contributions their metabolism offers during the process. Few microorganisms present in Colonial cheese are known, in addition to the ones that are introduced to kick-start the processes or the ones that are associated with infections or poisonings. This study aimed to identify, by MALDI-TOF and/or DNA sequencing, the bacteria and yeasts isolated from samples collected in the main stages of Colonial cheese production, i.e., a type of cheese produced in the southern region of Brazil. The lytic capacity of these microorganisms at 5 °C and 30 °C was also evaluated. The 58 bacterial strains were distributed in 10 species among the genera Bacillus, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Lactococcus, Paenibacillus, Staphylococcus and Raoutella. From the 13 yeasts strains analyzed, three species were identified as following: Candida pararugosa; Meyerozyma guilliermondii; and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. In three yeasts isolates it was possible to identify only the genus Candida sp. and Trichosporon sp. The species L. lactis (48%) and M. guilliermondii (46%) were, respectively, the predominant bacteria and yeasts species isolated. The highest microbial lytic activity observed was at 30 °C. Lipase activity on isolates was proportionally more observed with yeasts and proteolytic activity with bacteria. Lower caseinase and lipase activity was observed at 5 °C, demonstrating the importance of refrigeration in controlling microbial activity. This research highlighted the cultivation of some microorganisms that are part of the Colonial cheese microbiota as well as that several of them can hydrolyze various compounds present in milk and that could be associated with its maturation or, in uncontrolled circumstances, could be the cause of product deterioration.
Wide field scanning by optical fluorescence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): case report
Authors: PINTO Ismael Lucas , CARLOS Jairo G. , OLIVEIRA DE ARAÚJO Ana Paula , WANNMACHER Clóvis Milton Duval
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Optical fluorescence detection aims to identify precursor lesions, little noticeable to the human eye, and oral cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma or spinocellular carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that affects the mouth more. In this article, two clinical cases are analyzed, treated with the use of two types of equipment, namely: the photoevidenciation by optical fluorescence of light-emitting violet wavelength of 405nm, power of 100mW, which is luminous radiation, not Ionizing and in the adjuvant treatment, we used low-power laser therapy, power 100mW, with two wavelengths of 808nm infrared, for pain relief, and the red 660nm, for oral mucositis. In Photodynamic therapy, the Photosensitizing Chimiolux® (methylene blue) was used to control Candida albicans. From these cases, we discuss how a more assertive diagnostic hypothesis can save a life and save time, resources, and efforts for the correct diagnosis of the pathology compared to a biopsy and histopathology negative for neoplasia. We conclude that optical fluorescence has excellent social relevance due to its potential to help the professional not specialized in the establishment of early diagnosis of oral cancer. Early diagnosis improves the rates of death caused by this carcinoma, which would extend the post-diagnosis survival and decrease the financial and emotional costs for the patient and family.
Percepção de Oportunidades de Aprendizado de Funcionários Técnico-Administrativos no Âmbito Universitário
Authors: Germano Juliana de Araújo , Amaral Cainá Corrêa do , Garcia Tiago Fernandez , Corrêa Geovanna Peter , Ferrúa Camila Perelló , Quevedo Luciana de Ávila , Nedel Fernanda
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar a percepção de oportunidades de aprendizagem e sua relação com o estilo de liderança exercido pelos funcionários técnico-administrativos no âmbito universitário, a intenção de rotatividade e capital psicológico no trabalho. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com 102 funcionários técnico-administrativos, por meio de um questionário de autopreenchimento contendo dados referentes a idade, escolaridade, tempo de serviço na instituição e se o respondente exercia um cargo de liderança. Foram aplicadas escalas relacionadas à percepção de oportunidades de aprendizagem, avaliação do estilo gerencial, intenção de rotatividade e capital psicológico no trabalho. Os resultados revelam que os funcionários identificam oportunidades de aprendizado e a presença de três estilos gerenciais no âmbito universitário. Também se observou que os funcionários se identificam como capitais psicológicos no trabalho e possuem baixa intenção de rotatividade. Assim, este trabalho buscou ampliar a literatura ainda escassa envolvendo funcionários técnico-administrativos em âmbito universitário.
Violência Obstétrica e Trauma no Parto: O Relato das Mães
Authors: Matos Mariana Gouvêa de , Magalhães Andrea Seixas , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha
Published: September 2021

Resumo O presente trabalho é parte de pesquisa mais ampla sobre experiências de pais e mães acerca do parto, a partir de um estudo de caso coletivo no qual foram analisados 30 relatos de parto, publicados em blogs pessoais sobre experiências de gestação, parto e parentalidade, dos quais 15 foram escritos por mulheres e 15, por homens. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a experiência denominada violência obstétrica no relato de mães. Assim, nele foram analisados os relatos de cinco mulheres, as únicas que fizeram referência a tal fenômeno. Os resultados apontaram para a falta de suporte do ambiente como um fator constitutivo da experiência de violência obstétrica, e para a escrita dos relatos como recurso de elaboração dessa experiência traumática. Concluímos que procedimentos médicos como a episiotomia, a anestesia e a cesariana, quando realizados de forma rotineira, sem compartilhamento de decisões e sem amparo psíquico, constituem formas de ritualização para manter inconsciente a representação sexual do parto. Tais formas de ritualização conduzem à iatrogenia no parto, causando prejuízos psíquicos à saúde materno-infantil.
Escuta Clínica, Triagem e Plantão Psicológico em um Serviço-Escola Pernambucano
Authors: Macêdo Shirley , Nunes Ana Lícia Pessoa , Duarte Milena Vitor Gama
Published: September 2021

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral compreender experiências de escuta clínica nas modalidades de triagem e plantão psicológico entre estudantes lotados em um serviço-escola de Pernambuco. Os objetivos específicos foram descrever sentidos dessas experiências, investigar como eles percebiam a formação recebida para ofertarem esses serviços, como também identificar dificuldades enfrentadas nos processos e estratégias utilizadas para dirimi-las. Utilizou-se o método da hermenêutica colaborativa, e 18 colaboradores, subdivididos em quatro grupos de discussão, responderam a uma entrevista aberta com pergunta disparadora. Os resultados foram analisados em uma perspectiva fenomenológica, revelando que os estudantes enfrentavam dificuldades como desarticulação entre teoria e prática, manejo do tempo, angústia e insegurança inicial, além de falta de suporte estrutural recebido pelo serviço-escola para ofertar tais serviços. No entanto era possível a eles desenvolver a escuta, deixando-a fluir na condução dos processos em direção às demandas dos clientes. Diante de estratégias como capacitação ofertada pelo serviço-escola, suporte emocional recebido pelas equipes de supervisão e seus próprios processos pessoais, conseguiam enfrentar as dificuldades encontradas durante a formação, sentindo-se, apesar de tudo, valorizados e reconhecidos pelo serviço prestado. Concluiu-se, principalmente, a importância de inserir estudantes em serviços-escola em práticas anteriormente ao estágio obrigatório e em diversas modalidades de porta de entrada, desde que tais estratégias estejam integradas ao projeto pedagógico do curso, cabendo à instituição oferecer uma formação que, efetivamente, articule teoria e prática nas experiências cotidianas do estudante no processo de vivenciar e aprimorar sua escuta clínica ao tornar-se psicólogo.
Law and Politics in FCPA Prosecutions of Foreign Corporations
Authors: Acorn Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

Abstract The expansive reach of US prosecutions addressing corporate and economic crimes has piqued the interest of many commentators and scholars. This is perhaps nowhere more evident than in the enforcement of the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) against non-American corporations. The US adopted the FCPA in 1977 to ban the payment of bribes to foreign public officials to obtain a business advantage—decades before most other countries did so and with jurisdiction over American and many foreign corporations. More than 40 years after the creation of the FCPA, this article reviews and outlines a growing interdisciplinary research agenda that considers historical, legal, and political influences on the application of the FCPA to foreign corporations. In addition to mapping the contours of this growing research agenda, the article identifies several challenges for such research and proposes potential avenues for future research that promise to deepen our understanding of why and when the US makes use of its expansive jurisdiction to prosecute foreign corporations for bribery of foreign public officials.
La sanación desde otro paradigma: neochamanismos y su emergencia global en el caso español
Authors: Albert-Rodrigo Maria
Published: September 2021

Resumen Entre la multitud de medicinas y terapias alternativas presentes en el mundo Occidental, el neochamanismo es una de las que, en la actualidad, ha despertado mayor interés y que se sitúa entre las nuevas formas espirituales y los procesos de patrimonialización fruto de la modernidad globalizada. En este artículo se muestra el proceso de reconfiguración de prácticas y conocimientos ancestrales, -etiquetados como chamánicos- y cómo éstos constituyen una respuesta adaptativa en la búsqueda de nuevos espacios vitales y de experiencias colectivas que den sentido a la existencia en el contexto occidental. Desde el caso español y tomando la Comunidad Valenciana como unidad de análisis, nos adentramos en el proceso de adaptación de distintas corrientes chamánicas que han llegado a nuestras tierras y en cómo, desde ellas, mostrando ejemplos concretos, se entiende la sanación como un proceso de recuperar la salud y el bienestar que incluye al ser humano en su totalidad, así como las relaciones que establece con los demás y con su entorno.
Representações sociais sobre doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplantes entre adolescentes escolares
Authors: Ferreira Diego Raone , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: September 2021

Resumo Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, com o objetivo de analisar as possíveis representações sociais que adolescentes do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede pública têm sobre o processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplantes. Participaram do estudo 60 adolescentes, com idade entre 14 e 18 anos, matriculados no Ensino Médio de uma instituição de ensino situada no norte do Paraná. Os resultados, obtidos mediante técnica de associação livre de palavras, indicaram que o núcleo central das representações sociais em relação à doação de órgãos e ao ato de ser um doador de órgãos é composto por palavras que definem o sentido de amor, vida, solidariedade, compaixão, salvação, ajuda e, como elementos intermediários e periféricos, os vocábulos morte, sangue, esperança, felicidade e compaixão. Os resultados delineiam as possíveis representações sociais sobre doação de órgãos entre os adolescentes como um processo capaz de promover a recuperação da vitalidade humana, remetendo a sentimentos de gratidão e felicidade, inseridos numa sociedade mais consciente e solidária.
Sobre la llamada revolución psicofarmacológica: el descubrimiento de la clorpromazina y la gestión de la locura
Authors: Caponi Sandra
Published: September 2021

Resumen El artículo analiza la fragilidad y los problemas existentes en la tesis que afirma la existencia de una verdadera revolución en el campo de la psiquiatría biológica, que se habría operado entre 1952 y 1954, con el descubrimiento de la clorpromazina. Para eso se analizan los discursos y las estrategias que posibilitaron el descubrimiento de esta droga que servirá de modelo para la producción de nuevos psicofármacos. Se intenta entender, también, qué es lo que se considera como “eficacia terapéutica” de la droga.
Conflicto armado, enfermedad y muerte: la cuestión sanitaria en la Guerra de Castas (Yucatán, México), segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Moreno Paola Peniche
Published: September 2021

Resumen Análisis de la relación entre sanidad y guerra en el contexto de la Guerra de Castas, en Yucatán, México, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. A partir de fuentes cualitativas y cuantitativas, se reconstruyen los principales eventos sanitarios críticos y se plantea que el proceso salud/enfermedad de la época se explica única y necesariamente en relación a variables propias del conflicto, como tráfico de armas, desplazamientos, diásporas y migraciones, falta de alimentos, violencia y caos administrativo.
A Casa da Ciência e os desafios de um centro cultural de divulgação científica na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Simões Luciane Correia , Santos Nadja Paraense dos , Oliveira Antonio José Barbosa de
Published: September 2021

Resumo A Casa da Ciência é um centro cultural de divulgação científica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro que tem como objetivo despertar a curiosidade por meio das relações entre ciência, arte e cultura. Utiliza diferentes linguagens, de forma lúdica e interativa, para discutir os conceitos da ciência, proporcionando sua popularização. Este artigo, de caráter bibliográfico e exploratório, aborda os aspectos históricos relativos à criação da instituição, seu funcionamento e financiamento. Traça também um breve histórico da divulgação científica brasileira contemporânea. O trabalho inclui uma reflexão sobre a Política Cultural, Artística e de Difusão Científico-Cultural para a implantação do Sistema Integrado de Museus, Acervos e Patrimônio da universidade. Aponta para as dificuldades dos processos de institucionalização desses espaços.
“Lições para o professorado”: o curso Educação Sanitária (Higiene e Medicina Preventiva) e a formação da professora na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, 1929-1930
Authors: Camara Sônia
Published: September 2021

Resumo O artigo analisa o curso Educação Sanitária (Higiene e Medicina Preventiva), idealizado pelo médico-chefe do Serviço de Inspeção Médica e da Assistência Dentária Escolar, Oscar Clark, em 1929. Problematiza a concepção de formação de professor que se instituiu a fim de produzir uma “cruzada saneadora” pelas escolas da capital federal. Parte-se da compreensão de que o curso se configurou em lócus a partir do qual se enunciaram lições de caráter educativo-higiênico, funcionando como espaço de prescrição médica, pedagógica e científica. A concepção que orienta a análise é a de que o curso fez parte das estratégias da Diretoria de Instrução (1927-1930), visando estabelecer um ethos normativo e educativo às práticas ordinárias das professoras.
A flora da antiga capitania de Porto Seguro na viagem de Wied-Neuwied, 1815-1817: prática científica, inventário naturalista e colaboração indígena
Authors: Cancela Francisco
Published: September 2021

Resumo O artigo revisita o relato da Viagem ao Brasil (1815-1817) de Maximiliano de Wied na perspectiva de valorizar as contribuições dos registros da expedição do príncipe naturalista para a história natural, especialmente no levantamento da flora do atual extremo sul da Bahia. A abordagem perpassa a análise das características gerais da produção científica no campo da história natural e dos relatos de viagens do século XIX, bem como do perfil biobibliográfico do viajante. O objetivo central é demonstrar como se deu a relação do naturalista com as populações indígenas na produção do seu inventário florístico, destacando a importância dos saberes e fazeres dos índios para o trabalho do naturalista europeu.
Reliability-based assessment of the partial factor for shear design of fibre reinforced concrete members without shear reinforcement
Authors: Bairán Jesús Miguel , Tošić Nikola , de la Fuente Albert
Published: September 2021

Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is increasingly used for structural purposes owing to its many benefits, especially in terms of improved overall sustainability of FRC structures relative to traditional reinforced concrete (RC). Such increased structural use of FRC requires safe and reliable models for its design in ultimate limit states (ULS). Particularly important are models for shear strength of FRC members without shear resistance due to the potential of brittle failure. The fib Model Code 2010 contains a model for the shear strength of FRC members without shear reinforcement and the same partial factor accepted for RC structures is accepted for FRC elements. This approach, however, is potentially on the unsafe side since the uncertainties of some design-determining mechanical properties of FRC (i.e., residual flexural strength) are larger than those for RC. Therefore, in this study, a comprehensive reliability-based calibration of the partial factor γc for the shear design of FRC members without shear reinforcement according to the fib Model Code 2010 model is performed. As a first step, the model error δ is assessed on 332 experimental results. Then, a parametric analysis of 700 cases is performed and a relationship between the target failure probability βR and γc is established. The results demonstrate that the current model together with the prescribed value of γc = 1.50 does not comply with the failure probabilities accepted for the different consequences of failure of FRC members over a 50-year service life. Therefore, changes to the shear resistance model are proposed in order to achieve the target failure probabilities.
Prospect of Ion Channel Inhibitors and Cholesterol Lowering Drugs to Combat COVID-19
Authors: DN Tewari , AK Chakrabarti , S Dutta
Published: September 2021

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated COVID-19 pandemic is a major global healthcare problem because there is no specific drug to combat the disease. Number of infection is piling up day by day in exponential rate creating new record every week. Entire world is looking for urgent remedy but till now there is no specific treatment available for COVID-19 patients. In this critical situation, although vaccination is in its way, drug repurposing is very important which may be useful to overcome the unprecedented situation of COVID-19 pandemic. Cholesterol lowering drugs like statin therapy may be an additional support to combat the disease. Hexamethylene amiloride which has shown its effect in blocking E protein ion channels of coronaviruses leading to inhibition of viral replication may be considered for investigative trial.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation is Associated with Lower Mechanical Ventilation and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: P Nemechek , G Antonelli , A Braida
Published: September 2021

Objective: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in preventing respiratory failure and improving survival in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
PRACTICE-ORIENTED TEACHING TECHNOLOGIES BIOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors:   Kyrgyz State National University named after J. Balasagyn, Chaldanbaeva Aigul , Madieva Aida ,   Kyrgyz State University named after Arabaev, Zhaanbaeva Aydin ,   Kyrgyz National  University named after J. Balasagyn
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the problem of implementing the competency-based approach to the educational process of the university in the preparation of future biology teachers. The authors consider practice-oriented pedagogical technologies that contribute to the formation of subject competencies: problem-based learning technology, project-based learning technology, discussion technology, media technology, game technology (business, role-playing, simulation games), case technology (situation analysis), portfolio technology , quasi-professional technologies. Their use in the process of professional training of a biology teacher gives the learning process a productive character, increases the motivation, independence and activity of students in the course of educational activities. In addition, the ways of creating the conditions for the use of educational technologies in the practice of variably preparing a biology teacher through the organization of various forms of practice- oriented students' activities aimed at the formation of subject competencies are considered.
THE PREVALENCE OF THYROID LESION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AMONG THE SOUTHERN RESIDENTS OF KYRGYZSTAN
Authors:   Osh State University, Abzhamilova Zhazgul , Mamasaidov Abdimutalib ,   Osh State University, Abdurashitova Dilaram ,   Osh State University
Published: September 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most relevant but less studied medical and social problem of Kyrgyzstan. According to latest research of WHO, published in 2017, Kyrgyzstan is ranked second among world countries by rheumatoid arthritis-caused death rate. It is estimated, that autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis are associated comorbidities of rheumatoid arthritis. In Kyrgyzstan the autoimmune thyroiditis is ranked as second (8.9%) among the all thyroid diseases rate and considered to be the most frequent cause of hypothyroidism (7.2%). Meanwhile the thyrotoxicosis has been found in 6% of population, being on the fourth rank. The article shows the prevalence of thyroid pathology and its common nosological forms in patients with RA living in south of Kyrgyzstan, evaluates its association to rheumatoid arthritis’ activity. In RA patients the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis was found 12,6%, hypothyroidism (14,2)% (subclinical 13,0%, manifested in 1,2%), thyrotoxicosis in 1,2% cases.
Rapid Response: Developing a Suite of Copyright Support Services and Resources at the University of Central Florida during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Norris Sarah , Duff Sara , Gause Rich
Published: September 2021

Like many academic libraries, the University of Central Florida (UCF) Libraries has faced the difficult challenge of ensuring access to information and supporting the research, scholarship, and teaching needs of faculty, staff, and students during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Copyright and licensing matters have played a key role as the UCF Libraries has helped faculty and students navigate the rapid transition from face-to-face courses to online and conducting academic work in a wholly online environment. This article provides a case study of how the UCF Libraries developed an expanded suite of copyright support services and resources in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It will explore how each of these services or resources provided specific support to faculty and students in teaching and learning. Services and resources developed in consultation with the Office of General Counsel include a detailed research guide with information about remote access to resources, including temporary access to licensed content from publishers; a series of professional development online workshops on topics such as copyright, fair use, and emergency circumstances and library support for course materials; and additional opportunities for individual consultation support through virtual office hours and other modes of communication, such as chat, email, and phone. The aim of this article is to provide academic libraries with examples of copyright services from a large metropolitan library during COVID-19 so that they can be used as a model when implementing copyright support at their respective institutions during these exigent circumstances and beyond.
A comparative analysis of methods: mimetics, finite differences and finite elements for 1-dimensional stationary problems
Authors: Lugo Jiménez Abdul Abner , Mata Díaz Guelvis Enrique , Ruiz Bladismir
Published: September 2021

Numerical methods are useful for solving differential equations that model physical problems, for example, heat transfer, fluid dynamics, wave propagation, among others; especially when these cannot be solved by means of exact analysis techniques, since such problems present complex geometries, boundary or initial conditions, or involve non-linear differential equations. Currently, the number of problems that are modeled with partial differential equations are diverse and these must be addressed numerically, so that the results obtained are more in line with reality. In this work, a comparison of the classical numerical methods such as: the finite difference method (FDM) and the finite element method (FEM), with a modern technique of discretization called the mimetic method (MIM), or mimetic finite difference method or compatible method, is approached. With this comparison we try to conclude about the efficiency, order of convergence of these methods. Our analysis is based on a model problem with a one-dimensional boundary value, that is, we will study convection-diffusion equations in a stationary regime, with different variations in the gradient, diffusive coefficient and convective velocity.
Poorly differentiated clusters and tumor budding are important prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas
Authors: Jurescu Aura , Dema Alis , Văduva Adrian , Gheju Adelina , Vița Octavia , Barna Robert , Lăzureanu Codruța , Cornianu Marioara , Tăban Sorina , Duță Ciprian , Pantea Stelian
Published: September 2021

The aim of our study was to assess the prognostic value of the two new grading systems based on the quantification of tumor budding - TB (GBd) and poorly differentiated clusters - PDCs (PDCs-G) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). We performed a retrospective study on 71 CRC patients who underwent surgery at the Emergency County Hospital, Timișoara. CRC cases were classified based on haematoxylin-eosin slides, using the conventional grading system, GBd and PDCs-G, respectively. We used two-tier and three-tier grading schemes for each system. Subsequently,  we evaluated  associations with other prognostic factors in CRC. Based on the three-tier GBd (GBd-3t)  most cases (34/69, 49.27%) were classified as G3Bd-3t, while based on the conventional grading system, the majority of the cases (55/69, 79.71%) were considered G2. On the other hand, based on the three-tier PDCs-G system (PDCs-G-3t), most cases (31/69, 44.93%) were PDCs-G2-3t. We also noted a more significant association of GBd-3t with other prognostic parameters analyzed, as compared to the conventional grading system. Nodal status, tumor stage, and lymphovascular invasion were strongly correlated with GBd-3t (p=0.0001). Furthermore, we noted that PDCs-G-3t correlated more significantly than the conventional grading system with nodal status (p<0.0001), tumor stage (p=0.0003), lymphovascular invasion (p<0.0001), perineural invasion (p=0.005) and the tumor border configuration (p<0.0001). 

High GBd and PDCs-G grades correlate directly with other negative prognostic factors in CRC.Thus, these new parameters/classification methods could be used as additional tools for risk stratification in patients with CRC.
MicroCT protocols for scanning egg capsules of Hexaplex trunculus v1
Authors: Chatzinikolaou Eva , Keklikoglou Kleoniki
Published: September 2021

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. This protocol aims to standardise micro-CT scanning procedures for the egg capsules of the marine gastropod species Hexaplex trunculus.
Stranded RNA-Sequencing Method_The Broad Institute v1
Authors: Institute, Genomics Platform Broad
Published: September 2021

Here we describe the TruSeq Strand Specific Large Insert Method followed by The Broad Genomics Platform to sequence bulk RNA from human tumor biospecimens for the Human Tumor Atlas Pilot Project (HTAPP). During the years, modifications were introduced to the method resulting in slightly different versions employed. Below we provide the description of the three different versions used on HTAPP samples (from newer to older) highlighting their differences in bold lettering.
Transcriptome Capture Sequencing Method_The Broad Institute v1
Authors: Institute, Genomics Platform Broad
Published: September 2021

Here we describe the Transcriptome Capture Method followed by The Broad Genomics Platform for sequencing bulk RNA from human biospecimens for the Human Atlas Pilot Project (HTAPP). This protocol is usually utilized for Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) samples, although it can also be used for non-FFPE samples, as was the case for some HTAPP samples.
Subject-verb Word Order in Narratives in Swedish by Immersion and Non-immersion Students
Authors: Nyqvist Eeva-Liisa
Published: September 2021

The Swedish V2 word order has been considered a notorious source of difficulty for L2 learners due to its strict rules. This study explores subject-verb word order in texts written in Swedish by 12-year-old and 15-year-old Finnish-speaking immersion students and by 16-year-old non-immersion students. Although the L1 of the informants lacks obligatory inversion, the analyses show that informants in all three groups have reached a high accuracy level in several aspects of word order in main clauses. However, the informants struggle with challenges that are similar to those detected in previous research: inversion is omitted in its obligatory occasions in main clauses but simultaneously overused in subordinate clauses where word order is canonical. In main clauses, the challenges focus on declarative main clauses with inversion. In subordinate clauses, on the contrary, the challenges focus on questions.
Multilingualism for Global Solutions and a Better World
Authors: Stein-Smith Kathleen
Published: September 2021

This article examines the significance of multilingualism in finding global solutions and creating a better world. Language learning and multilingualism in the individual are discussed. The role of multilingualism in effectively addressing complex global issues is described. The nature of language skills and cultural knowledge in the individual and within international organizations is analyzed in terms of both policy structure and crisis communication, including the COVID-19 global pandemic, along with a brief overview of multilingualism in international business organizations. The US foreign language deficit is briefly discussed. Perspectives on foreign language education for a better world are provided, as are possibilities for increasing multilingualism for a better world.
Does Studying in a Music-oriented Education Program Affect Non-native Sound Learning? — Effects of Passive Auditory Training on Children’s Vowel Production
Authors: Immonen Katja , Kilpeläinen Jemina , Alku Paavo , Peltola Maija S.
Published: September 2021

Earlier studies have shown that children are efficient second language learners. Research has also shown that musical background might affect second language learning. A two-day auditory training paradigm was used to investigate whether studying in a music-oriented education program affects children’s sensitivity to acquire a non-native vowel contrast. Training effects were measured with listen-and-repeat production tests. Two groups of monolingual Finnish children (9–11 years, N=23) attending music-oriented and regular fourth grades were tested. The stimuli were two semisynthetic pseudo words /ty:ti/ and /tʉ:ti/ with the native vowel /y/ and the non-native vowel /ʉ/ embedded. Both groups changed their pronunciation after the first training. The change was reflected in the second formant values of /ʉ/, which lowered significantly after three trainings. The results show that 9–11-year-old children benefit from passive auditory training in second language production learning regardless of whether or not they attend a music-oriented education program.
Bilingual Education: Features & Advantages
Authors: Jawad Najat A. Muttalib M.
Published: September 2021

Bilingual Education is teaching an academic subject in two languages, i.e. a mother language (first language L1) and a second language (L2), with various amounts in an instructed program models. The early viewpoint about the brain tends to assert that learning an L2 negatively affects the L1 by dismissing it outside the brain, and it emphasizes that the idea of bilingualism creates a problem in the teaching process. The late researches on bilingualism disapprove the conclusions of the early researches come with and make it clear that persons who speak two languages (bilinguals) have cognitive merits much more than those who speak just one language (monolinguals). As for bilingual education in recent times, there are still contradictory opinions. Some believe that learning the first language (L1) will not hurt the second one (English) and that new knowledge learned in L1 will gradually transfer to the second language, English. On the other side, some maintain that developing the L1 will essentially affect the learners’ progress in English learning if they don’t get full English immersion. Moreover, bilingualism cannot obtain easily and that is all. To keep high-level bilingualism, learner of two languages (the bilingual person) needs to use both languages constantly and with great effort. Learning a foreign language leads to learning a different culture that widens understanding and develops humanity. And the ability to use the second language and the second culture is considered a means to achieve creative capabilities.
Before and After: English Language Acquisition in Saudi Arabia and the New Possibilities in Teaching and Learning That the COVID-19 Pandemic May Have Brought
Authors: Alkhannani Badriah M.
Published: September 2021

This article examines how the teaching and learning of English as a Foreign Language in Saudi Arabia has evolved over time and the new possibilities the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to teaching and learning of English in Saudi Arabia. Various factors have influenced the pace and degree to which the English language has propagated in Saudi Arabia ever since it was first introduced. Learners of English also continue to be affected by several inherent and external factors when learning the English language. On top of having to grapple with first language and culture interferences, learners of English in Saudi Arabia have also to navigate unfavorable learning environments, lack of experiential exposure to English, and foreign language anxiety. Although the COVID-19 pandemic may have seemingly created issues (e.g., a reduction in time for interaction with peers and teachers) for learners of English due to emergency remote teaching, it has opened up new possibilities that can be the subject of additional research and development.  The benefits of online learning, translingual practices, and collaborative teaching should be further explored to benefit from the new normal of mandatory online learning that has arisen due to the pandemic.
How Much of the FUTURE Is BEHIND in Arabic? A View on the Arabic Culture and Embodiment
Authors: Almirabi Maisarah M.
Published: September 2021

In the present study, the Arabic metaphorical expressions associated with the conceptual metaphors TIME IS SPACE and THE FUTURE IS BEHIND were analyzed. The analyzed tokens were searched for online. In addition, native speakers of Hijazi-Saudi Arabic confirmed the natural usage of the tokens in their dialect. The productivity of placing the FUTURE in front of the EGO and the unproductivity of placing it behind indicates the FUTURE in front of the EGO as the norm. Based on the metaphorical elements found in the tokens considered, a bidimensional conceptual location of objects on the JOURNEY OF TIME was proposed to include the front location or the elsewhere location. The elsewhere location was referred to as behind, extending the meaning of ‘behind’ to include all locations that are not front. This bidimensionality is represented by the conceptual metaphors FOCUS IS FRONT and PERIPHERY IS BEHIND. Examples associated with these conceptual metaphors were associated with the experiential embodiment. In previous research, the direction of writing and how much weight is given to cultural values have claimed to influence the placement of the FUTURE in Arabic as pre-set reasons. This study is significant because it is done without pre-set reasons for metaphor usage, resulting in none-steered findings. Also, this study opens a window to the metaphorical system of the Hijazi-Saudi Arabic, a variety of Arabic whose metaphorical system is understudied. This study invites considering the placement of the FUTURE in other languages and cultures.
Nuevas rutas de permeabilidad en Plasmodium falciparum: consideraciones como blanco farmacológico y avances de los potenciales inhibidores
Authors: Castañeda-Agudelo Yeison , Pabón-Vidal Adriana
Published: September 2021

Con base en la persistencia de los casos de malaria, dados por múltiples razones, entre las cuales se encuentra la resistencia de Plasmodium falciparum a los antimálaricos establecidos para su tratamiento, surge la necesidad de encontrar nuevos compuestos antimaláricos frente a otros blancos terapéuticos. En vista de ello, las Nuevas Rutas de Permeabilidad (NPP) han sido un objetivo promisorio y a partir de su descubrimiento, se han realizado diversos estudios enfocados en comprender su mecanismo y los componentes utilizados para el transporte de solutos y otras moléculas a través de la membrana del eritrocito. El objetivo de esta revisión de tema es presentar una recopilación de los estudios más significativos realizados en torno a las NPP. Para ello, se revisó la literatura para conocer el estado del desarrollo de las investigaciones referentes al tema, consultando bases de datos electrónicas y combinando los descriptores o palabras clave: (NPP AND malaria, AND Plasmodium falciparum AND inhibitors), además, se realizaron búsquedas secundarias en las listas de referencias bibliográficas de los artículos identificados. Luego de revisar los artículos de la literatura publicados entre los años 1980 y 2019, se concluye que muchos estudios han sido dedicados a la búsqueda de inhibidores de esta vía con fines terapéuticos y hay gran cantidad de moléculas candidatas como el híbrido MA-DFO y las diaminidas que han mostrado actividad en modelos de malaria tanto in vitro como in vivo.
Notas sobre la dieta y el hábitat del Gorrión-Montés paisa Atlapetes blancae (Passerellidae)
Authors: Chaparro-Herrera Sergio , Hernández-Schmidt Mateo , Lopera-Salazar Andrea
Published: September 2021

Parte de los datos más relevantes y básicos para implementar medidas de conservación enfocadas en una especie, requieren de no más que un metódico registro de las observaciones. Presentamos los datos de dieta y estrategias de forrajeo de Atlapetes blancae, recopilados entre diciembre de 2018 y enero de 2020 en San Pedro de los Milagros, Santa Rosa de Osos y Llanos de Cuivá en Yarumal, Antioquia, Colombia. Presentamos también una descripción de su hábitat y comentarios sobre las estrategias posibles para implementar acciones de conservación. Esta información no solo aporta al conocimiento biológico de la especie, sino que también ofrece información crucial sobre la vegetación relacionada con A. blancae para que sea incluida en acciones de restauración ecológica, evitando así la pérdida del hábitat de esta ave endémica que se encuentra en la categoría máxima de amenaza a la extinción.
Sugarcane bagasse or elephant grass hay in diets for goats: Performance, feeding behavior and carcass characteristics
Authors: Campelo-Lima Victor H , Antas-Urbano Stela , Andrade-Ferreira Marcelo , Cavalcante-Ribeiro Pedro H , Gomes-Bezerra José I , Cariri-Chagas Juana C , Moreira-Aguiar Emerson , Nascimento-Rangel Adriano H
Published: September 2021

Background: Novel feeding strategies should be developed to produce high-quality meat in current goat production systems. Objective: To evaluate the effects of castration and the association of spineless cactus with sugarcane bagasse or elephant grass hay on nutrient intake, digestibility, performance, feeding behavior and carcass traits of feedlot kids. Methods: A total of 24 male kids (12 castrated and 12 intact), with an average initial weight of 18.5 ± 3.8 kg were allotted to a completely randomized 2 x 2 factorial design (sugar cane bagasse or elephant grass hay; intact or castrated), and confined for 70 days. Results: Nutrient intake and animal performance were similar between treatments. Sugarcane bagasse increased, when compared to elephant grass hay, the digestibility of dry matter (66.12 vs 62.88; p=0.005), crude protein (74.26 vs 70.95; p=0.029) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (91.94 vs 83.07; p<0.001). The forage source affected the time spent resting, ruminating and total chewing time, but there was no effect of diet on feeding and rumination efficiencies. Elephant grass hay increased, when compared to sugarcane bagasse, hot carcass weight (9.87 vs 10.79; p=0.025) and hot carcass yield (43.81 vs 46.87; p=0.013). Intact kids produced heavier hot carcasses when compared with castrated kids (10.80 vs 9.86; p=0.014). Conclusion: Feeding intact or castrated kids with sugar cane bagasse or elephant grass hay do not affect nutrient intake and performance. Feedlot goats have improved carcass traits if kept intact and fed elephant grass hay.
Analysis of diesel engine oils from 2.5L engine pick-up trucks by means of X-ray fluorescence
Authors: Palacio Gómez Carlos Andres , Medina Rojas Kelly Gisell , Pineda Triana Yaneth
Published: September 2021

Engine oil is one of the key elements to protect and to increase the life of the lubricated engine parts. However, it gets contaminated by external particles either in filtration or during combustion, which produces deterioration in some of the engine parts which are being lubricated. In that sense, delays and very expensive repairs are generated at the maintenance workshops due to the high contamination in oils and to the late detection of the deteriorated parts. This work presents an analysis of used oils, extracted from hot and cold engines of 2.5-liter engine pick-up trucks, by using the two methods of the X-ray fluorescence technique (XRF): standard-less and calibrated, in order to determine the elements present and to establish the engine parts that wear out more easily and thus, to help with predictive maintenance of the trucks. The results are also useful for comparison purposes and to evaluate the effectiveness of the XRF technique in analyzing these types of samples.
Small wind turbines study and integration in a peri-urban microgrid
Authors: Peña-Carro Paula , Izquierdo-Monge Óscar , Hernández-Callejo Luis , Martín-Jiménez Gonzalo
Published: September 2021

The use of wind resources has always gone hand in hand with high wind speeds in open fields. This paper develops the decisions to be taken for the selection, installation, and connection of small wind turbines in peri-urban environments, where wind speeds are medium or low. The guidelines are detailed throughout the document, starting with the study of the wind resource, the selection of the turbine, installation, and real-time monitoring of production for integration into a micro power grid. The installation of small wind systems in places as close as possible to the point of demand makes it possible to achieve a reduction in the cost of the electricity bill. This is thanks to the instantaneous control of generation and demand at a particular level through the installation of software, in this case, Home Assistant. The novelty of this paper is the use of this software Home Assistant to integrate of a small wind turbine in a microgrid and its control system.
Comercio y alojamiento en Madīnat Mursiya. Estudio arqueológico de los fanādiq andalusíes en Murcia
Authors: Hernández Robles Alicia
Published: September 2021

El estudio histórico del funduq en al-Andalus muestra que estos edificios, utilizados como almacén y posada, fueron un espacio habitual de las ciudades andalusíes. Sin embargo, su caracterización arqueológica es más reciente y continúa en marcha con el estudio y revisión de los restos arqueológicos que pueden interpretarse como funduq. En el presente artículo exponemos los restos arqueológicos de la ciudad de Murcia que han sido interpretados como fanādiq (pl. de funduq) o edificios públicos, o restos que podrían ser interpretados como tal a los que no se les atribuyó una funcionalidad concreta. A partir del análisis de los restos arqueológicos de estos edificios, de las características generales de los fanādiq, determinadas a partir de la información que han proporcionado otras excavaciones arqueológicas de la península ibérica, y del estudio del urbanismo de la ciudad de Murcia, planteamos una propuesta de interpretación o reinterpretación de los casos de estudio murcianos.