bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE CONCEPT OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE
Authors:   M.M. Magdilov Dagestan State University, Magdilov M.M.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main approaches to the concept of the functions of the state, since this issue is among the fundamental and debatable ones related to the essence of the state, has an applied significance, allows us to accurately determine the nature of the state's activities, the development of its priorities at the present stage. The main conclusion made by the authors is that there are many points of view on this issue and a fairly large number of different approaches to the consideration and definition of the functions of the state, which is quite natural, based on the complexity and versatility of the issue under consideration. The priority is a systematic integrative approach to understanding the activities of the Russian state, the problem of the correlation of the interests of the state, society and the individual, which arise both in the process of direct formation of the functions of the state, and their changes in the process of historical development, determined by the general social role of the state.
USUALLY-LEGAL NATURE OF PROPERTY RELATIONS UNDER THE LAWS OF KING HAMMURABI
Authors:   O.A. Plotskaya Komi Republican Academy of Public Service and Management, Plotskaya O.A.
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the customary legal nature of property relations regulated by the most famous ancient Mesopotamian source of law, the Laws of Hammurabi. Considerable attention is paid to the article-by-article analysis of the historical and legal texts of the Laws of King Hammurabi and the Middle Assyrian laws containing empirical data. The article examines various examples of the use of customary legal imperatives by the ancient Mesopotamian legislator.
ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED TO ADOPT THE LEGAL NEUTRALITY OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
Authors:   I.S. Pavlov Ural State Law University, Pavlov I.S.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the assessment of the need to adopt the legal neutrality of intelligent systems (IP). The author comes to the conclusion that IP is successfully used in various fields today, but in order to eliminate the multiple risks associated with their use, it is necessary to adopt appropriate laws and develop a legal policy regarding the regulation of relations involving IP. The set of principles governing the above-mentioned relations should include the principle of legal neutrality of IP to ensure that unnecessary barriers are not erected to realize the benefits of IP.
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE STUDY OF SOVIET LAW (TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE DASSR)
Authors:   A.Kh. Ramazanov Dagestan State University, Ramazanov A.Kh.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses some methodological (ideological) approaches to the study of Soviet law. These approaches are positioned in the spirit of scientific pluralism, innovation and classical understanding of law. The main idea of the article is that Soviet law is a global phenomenon both in the territorial, demographic, and in the sense of the transformation of the human personality. The main conclusion of the article defines Soviet law as an alternative to Western law in the context of the prospects for the legal development of mankind.
ON THE NEED TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT IN THE TERRITORY OF THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY A PROJECT OF A STANDARD ELECTRONIC PLATFORM FOR MONITORING PUBLIC OPINION ON HEALTH ISSUES IN THE MUNICIPALITY
Authors:   S.А. Kuemzhieva Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Kuemzhieva S.А. , Goncharov V.V. ,   V.V. Goncharov Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Oblogin D.D. ,   D.D. Oblogin Krasnodar branch of the Institute of Problems of Globalization, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the need to develop and implement on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory a project of a standard electronic platform for monitoring public opinion on health issues in the municipality. The authors substantiate the position that the powers delegated by the people to the public authorities need constant control by the public. Without public control, there is a risk of appropriation of power, usurpation of power by individual state authorities and their officials. The mechanism of feedback between the authorities and the people, one of the elements of which is the monitoring of public opinion, plays an important role in the implementation of the constitutional principle of democracy. At the same time, it is important to monitor public opinion on local issues at the municipal level, since these issues affect the vast majority of the country's population. A significant segment of local issues is somehow related to the organization and functioning of health care institutions and the provision of medical services to the population. In this regard, it seems necessary to develop and implement in the territory of the Krasnodar Territory a project of a standard electronic platform for monitoring public opinion on health issues in the municipality. The article analyzes the goals and objectives of this project, examines the main problems associated with its formation and implementation, justifies the main stages of project preparation, as well as a list of measures to improve regional legislation that will contribute to the implementation of this project. The paper uses a number of methods of scientific research, in particular: the methods of induction; deduction; classification; statistical; sociological; comparative-legal; historical; formal-logical.
CONTROL AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES APPLIED STATE CONTROL AND SUPERVISORY BODIES IN HOUSING UTILITIES AND THEIR OFFICIALS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN
Authors:   A.Z. Arslanbekova Dagestan State University, Arslanbekova A.Z. , Mursalov F.А. ,   F.А. Mursalov Dagestan State University
Published: July 2021

The application of control and preventive measures in the housing and communal services sector depends on the effectiveness of the control and Supervisory services and their officials, since they are preventive in nature and should be applied regardless of whether a violation is detected or not. The article attempts to consider the types of control and preventive measures applied in the housing and utilities sector by various bodies and their officials. The authors analyzed the essence and content of control and preventive measures applied in the sphere of housing and communal services, identified problems of their application and suggested ways to improve the work of the state housing Inspectorate of the Republic of Dagestan. The following research methods were used in writing the article: logical, formal-legal, and legal modeling and analysis methods. In conclusion, it is concluded that when applying control and preventive measures in the housing and utilities sector, there are some problems of their procedural application that need to be eliminated. So, it is proposed to determine the effectiveness of the state housing Inspectorate based not on the amount of fines paid, but on the satisfaction of residents of apartment buildings with the activities of public organizations based on the results of a secret survey.
NORMS OF ADMINISTRATIVE-TORT AND CRIMINAL LEGISLATION IN THE MECHANISM OF REALIZATION OF THE RIGHT TO FREE USE OF ONE'S ABILITIES AND PROPERTY FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL AND OTHER ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW
Authors:   I.N. Akhmetova East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Akhmetova I.N.
Published: July 2021

Illegal business conduct by one entrepreneur can harm the legitimate interests and rights of other representatives of the business community, carries reputational risks, creates a negative image of the entrepreneur's personality in the public consciousness, and thus damages the constitutional right to freely use their abilities and property for entrepreneurial and other economic activities not prohibited by law. Therefore, the detection, suppression and prevention of offenses and abuses is an important means of protecting the constitutional law under consideration. The article is devoted to the analysis of administrative and criminal legislation in the mechanism of realization of the right to free use of one's abilities and property for entrepreneurial and other economic activities not prohibited by law.
THE HUMAN RIGHT TO THE PROTECTION OF THE LAW AND INTERNATIONAL-LEGAL PRACTICE
Authors:   A.T. Raghimov Dagestan State University, Raghimov A.T.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of international legal practice for the protection of human rights and freedoms. The author examines the stages of the formation of basic human rights and freedoms in international legal acts. The article substantiates the idea of the need to improve the procedural and legal framework for the implementation of the human right to the protection of the law. The factors influencing the deterioration of the legal protection of a person are analyzed, and proposals for improving the situation in this area are formulated.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE LEGAL REGIME OF ANIMALS AS AN OBJECT OF CIVIL RIGHTS
Authors:   L. F. Netishinskaya Kuban state agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Netishinskaya L. F. , Akulshina K.G. ,   K.G. Akulshina Kuban state agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
Published: July 2021

The article deals with issues related to the legal regime of a special object of civil rights – an animal. Analysis of legislative provisions allows us to draw certain conclusions about this object of civil legal relations, confirming that the animal is a living being, although the legislator indicates the application of General rules on property to animals. Particular attention is drawn to the contents of legal provisions characterizing the relationship of the legislator the object of civil rights, and its legal regime, the analysis of which a number of conclusions that can be used in the practical application of the provisions on the object of civil rights – the animals, not only when it comes to Pets, but in cases where we are talking about the contents and use of service animals and animals used in entertainment purposes.
GAPS IN THE CONTRACT FOR PAID MEDICAL SERVICES
Authors:   A.M. Shakhaeva Dagestan State University, Shakhaeva A.M. , Verdieva D.A. ,   D.A. Verdieva Dagestan State University
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the importance of medicine for modern society. The right of a citizen to timely medical care is enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and is one of the most important social obligations of the state. The need for legal regulation of this sphere arises from the variety of types of medical care and the variety of medical services. Taking into account that medicine affects the health of citizens and if the quality of services is inadequate, it can lead to significant harm to the patient, up to death, the legal basis for providing medical services should be elaborated in detail and avoid double interpretation of various legal norms. With the introduction of market principles in Russia, a new sphere of providing medical services to the population – paid. This allowed us to solve a number of problems related to improving the quality of medical services, their availability in terms of receiving highly specialized care, and reducing the burden on the insurance medicine system. At the same time, the need for a detailed legal justification for the provision of such services has become obvious, and, first of all, the issues of the contract for paid medical services, as the main form of business relations, enshrined in civil law. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that in modern Russian legislation there is a certain discrepancy between the social significance of the health care industry, as well as the constitutional status of the right to health protection and an unreasonably low level of theoretical justification for the branch legal regime in this area of health care. Therefore, it is necessary to further modernize certain provisions of medical law that regulate various aspects of the provision of medical services. This includes issues related to the contract for paid medical services.
PROBLEMS IN THE EXECUTION OF SENTENCES FOR WOMEN WHO HAVE COMMITTED TERRORIST CRIMES
Authors:   D.Z. Zijadova Dagestan State University, Zijadova D.Z. , Akamova R.I. ,   R.I. Akamova Dagestan State University
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of execution of assignments against women who committed terrorist crimes. The relevance of the study is due to the trend of increasing terrorist crimes among women, despite the decrease in crime in this category according to official statistics. The article points out the danger of the presence of "sleeper cells" on the territory of the republics of the North Caucasus from the number of supporters of international terrorist organizations, previously not recorded by law enforcement agencies, the number of which is growing due to information extremism. «Sleeper cells» have a negative impact on young people who directly or indirectly sympathize with the so-called «forest brothers», contribute to the development of terrorist activities among women. The article shows the preventive role of criminal legislation in the suppression of terrorist crime, including the terrorist activities of women. This hypothesis determined the purpose of the study – to establish ways to improve the system of execution of sentences for women who have committed terrorist crimes. Based on the study of the characteristics of terrorist crime among women, some directions for improving the system of execution of punishment for female terrorists are proposed. The results of the study can be used in the activities of the Federal penitentiary service and correctional institutions for women.
Conveyed Religion: A Strategic Communication Proposal for Religious Institutions
Authors: Andrade José Gabriel
Published: July 2021

Contemporary society has fostered a period of transformation in religious communication. Globalisation propels a communicated religion that forges a dialogue with its followers and with society as a whole. In this chapter, we aim to describe the existing situation, analysing religions as a social fact in a global society that is shaped by the movement of people and the proliferation of (traditional and new) media channels. From this perspective, religious institutions are viewed as living organisations that must accept the current context and need to develop a strategic communication plan. The chapter begins with a review of a theoretical corpus on religion, communication, and society, intersecting various reflections with theories of strategic communication and crisis communication. It aims to respond to the following question: how can religious institutions use strategic communication in the contemporary world? This is a qualitative investigation, empirically supported by interviews with two prominent figures from the Catholic Church, as a case study. The principal results of this research, based on the observation of contemporary society, include the importance of correct use of new media for strategic communication, and continuous training in order to improve strategic communication plans, that should operate on a continuous basis.
Crisis Communication as Course Correction: Communicative Efforts Revive Goals
Authors: Coombs W. Timothy
Published: July 2021

It is common to think of crisis communication as a reactive form of communication intending to protect an organization from a threat. Some research and media focus on crisis communication serve to create that interpretation. While the crisis response often is reactive, crisis communication also can be proactive and, more importantly, should be considered a valuable resource for pursuing strategic organizational outcomes (Coombs & Holladay, 2015). Crises posse threats to achieving organizational outcomes by pushing organizations off course. Crisis communication can be considered a means of correcting the course and reviving the pursuit of organizational goals/outcomes. Crises disrupt strategy by detracting from the pursuit of organizational outcomes (Bundy et al., 2016). A crisis demands management’s attention and the application of organizational resources to that situation (Milburn et al., 1983). A crisis can create a “distraction” from the pursuit of organizational goals — can impeded strategy. Moreover, a crisis can erode critical organization goals such as maintaining positive social evaluations and the pursuit of revenue (e.g., Chen et al., 2009; Coombs, 2007). This chapter considers how crisis communication can be used as a form of strategic communication designed to return managers to the pursuit of organizational goals.
Environmental sustainability disclosure and accounting conservatism
Authors:   Porto Accounting and Business School, Porto Polytechnic Institute, Porto, Portugal, et al. Pereira
Published: July 2021

In this article, we analyzed whether the level of accounting conservatism of a firm is affected by its environmental sustainability information disclosure. For that purpose, we developed two Environmental Disclosure Indices (EDI), one obtained from the mandatory reporting (annual report) and the other from the voluntary reporting (sustainability report), and compared the effects on conditional conservatism. Content analysis was used to develop two indices to evaluate the level of environmental disclosures. Moreover, the technique of multiple linear regression, using panel data, was applied to provide original empirical evidence for Portuguese companies listed on the stock exchange. We found evidence that higher environmental sustainability information disclosure enhances the conservative accounting practice, which is consistent with the argument that a higher level of Corporate Social Responsibility tends to increase financial statements transparency. In addition, we found that environmental information disclosed in specific and voluntary reporting has a superior impact on the level of conditional conservatism. These results showed that managers tend to engage in earnings management activities by being more accounting conservative in order to meet shareholders' expectations and disclose higher levels of environmental information. Therefore, this article brings some insights to the debate about the usefulness of accounting conservatism and the contribution of sustainability goals to monitor and guide managers’ activities.
The impact of interest rate corridor on monetary policy efficiency: VEC Granger causality evidence from the central bank of the Republic of Turkey
Authors:   Department of Economics, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey, et al. Yilmaz
Published: July 2021

This paper aimed to analyze the impacts of interest rate corridor policy on monetary efficiency in Turkey, applying the Error Correction Model and VEC Granger causality. The data set consisted of 108 observations for each time series from May 2010 to December 2019. The Granger causality test results indicated a significant impact of the borrowing rate on the inflation rate. Response function revealed that a change in the borrowing interest rate affected the opposite way in the inflation rate with a 3-month lag. An increase in the lending rate caused an increase in the BIST 100 index value. It is concluded that the interest rate corridor implementation successfully increased the flexibility and effectiveness of the monetary policy in Turkey.
Resuscitating Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in a Virtual Reality: Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Perron Janaya Elizabeth , Coffey Michael Jonathon , Lovell-Simons Andrew , Dominguez Luis , King Mark E , Ooi Chee Y
Published: July 2021

Background

Simulation-based technologies are emerging to enhance medical education in the digital era. However, there is limited data for the use of virtual reality simulation in pediatric medical education. We developed Virtual Doc as a highly immersive virtual reality simulation to teach pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills to medical students.

Objective

The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate participant satisfaction and perceived educational efficacy of Virtual Doc. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the game play features of Virtual Doc.

Methods

We conducted a prospective closed beta-testing study at the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia) in 2018. All medical students from the 6-year undergraduate program were eligible to participate and were recruited through voluntary convenience sampling. Participants attended a 1-hour testing session and attempted at least one full resuscitation case using the virtual reality simulator. Following this, participants were asked to complete an anonymous postsession questionnaire. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

A total of 26 participants were recruited, consented to participate in this study, and attended a 1-hour in-person closed beta-testing session, and 88% (23/26) of participants completed the anonymous questionnaire and were included in this study. Regarding participant satisfaction, Virtual Doc was enjoyed by 91% (21/23) of participants, with 74% (17/23) intending to recommend the simulation to a colleague and 66% (15/23) intending to recommend the simulation to a friend. In assessment of the perceived educational value of Virtual Doc, 70% (16/23) of participants agreed they had an improved understanding of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and 78% (18/23) agreed that Virtual Doc will help prepare for and deal with real-life clinical scenarios. Furthermore, 91% (21/23) of participants agreed with the development of additional Virtual Doc cases as beneficial for learning. An evaluation of the game play features as our secondary objective revealed that 70% (16/23) of participants agreed with ease in understanding how to use Virtual Doc, and 74% (17/23) found the game play elements useful in understanding cardiopulmonary resuscitation. One-third (7/23, 30%) found it easy to work with the interactive elements. In addition, 74% (17/23) were interested in interacting with other students within the simulation.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates a positive response regarding trainee satisfaction and perceived educational efficacy of Virtual Doc. The simulation was widely accepted by the majority of users and may have the potential to improve educational learning objectives.
App-Tailoring Requirements to Increase Stress Management Competencies Within Families: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Bischoff Laura Luise , Baumann Hannes , Meixner Charlotte , Nixon Patricia , Wollesen Bettina
Published: July 2021

Background

Families experiencing high levels of psychological distress are considered a particularly vulnerable population for adverse effects on mental and physical health. Moreover, highly stressed individuals engage less in mental health promoting activities and show low stress management competencies. App-based stress interventions seem promising for the treatment and prevention of stress outcomes and might be a low-threshold solution.

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify the requirements for a tailored app to reduce stress in a cohort of highly stressed families that have low stress management skills.

Methods

Parents (n=1008; age: mean 47.7 years, SD 6.1; female: 599/1008, 59.7%) completed an extensive web-based survey and were subdivided into a target (stressed individuals with low stress competency) and nontarget group according to their reported stress level and stress management competencies. Group differences were analyzed using analysis of variance. In principal component analysis with Kaiser varimax rotation, personally defined stress management goals were grouped into components. Linear regression models were also calculated.

Results

A 3-factor solution cumulatively explained 56% of the variance in personally defined goals of interest for stress management with (1) active strategies (25.61% explained variance), (2) general competency (17.95% explained variance) and (3) passive strategies (12.45% explained variance). The groups differed in age (F1,978=27.67, P<.001), health index (F1,958=246.14, P<.001), personally defined general-competency goal (F1,958=94.16 P<.001), as well as “information acquisition” (F1,971=14.75, P<.001) and “need for stimulation” (F1,981=54.49, P<.001) personality traits. A regression model showed that for the active strategies goals of interest, only app feature information or instructional videos had a significant effect (P=.02). The general competency factor showed none, and the passive strategies factor showed significant effects for 2 app features—suggestions for planning possible activities with the family (P=.01) and diaries for documentation and development of strategies (P=.03).

Conclusions

The results of this survey study highlight the need to develop an app to increase stress management competencies that takes into consideration perceived stress level, stress management skills, personality, and personally defined goals of the user. The content of the app should be tailored to previously detected personality traits, especially selective information acquisition and low need for stimulation. Furthermore, personally defined stress management goals seem to affect interest in some features.
Social Media and mHealth Technology for Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ruco Arlinda , Dossa Fahima , Tinmouth Jill , Llovet Diego , Jacobson Jenna , Kishibe Teruko , Baxter Nancy
Published: July 2021

Background

Cancer is a leading cause of death, and although screening can reduce cancer morbidity and mortality, participation in screening remains suboptimal.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of social media and mobile health (mHealth) interventions for cancer screening.

Methods

We searched for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies of social media and mHealth interventions promoting cancer screening (breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers) in adults in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Communication & Mass Media Complete from January 1, 2000, to July 17, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles and completed the risk of bias assessments. We pooled odds ratios for screening participation using the Mantel-Haenszel method in a random-effects model.

Results

We screened 18,008 records identifying 39 studies (35 mHealth and 4 social media). The types of interventions included peer support (n=1), education or awareness (n=6), reminders (n=13), or mixed (n=19). The overall pooled odds ratio was 1.49 (95% CI 1.31-1.70), with similar effect sizes across cancer types.

Conclusions

Screening programs should consider mHealth interventions because of their promising role in promoting cancer screening participation. Given the limited number of studies identified, further research is needed for social media interventions.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019139615; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=139615

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035411
Digital Rehabilitation for Acute Ankle Sprains: Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Correia Fernando D , Molinos Maria , Neves Carlos , Janela Dora , Carvalho Diana , Luis Sara , Francisco Gerard E , Lains Jorge , Bento Virgilio
Published: July 2021

Background

Ankle sprains are one of the most prevalent soft-tissue injuries worldwide. Physical therapy, especially progressive exercise, has proven effective in improving function, while preventing recurrence.

Objective

We aim to present the results of a fully remote and digitally guided rehabilitation program for acute ankle sprains.

Methods

We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study of individuals eligible for workers’ compensation, who were referred for digital rehabilitation therapy for a sprained ankle. Therapeutic exercise sessions were to be performed independently by the patient at home using the biofeedback device provided by SWORD Health. Primary endpoints were the change in self-reported Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure–activities of daily living (FAAM–ADL) and FAAM–Sports scores. Participants were assessed at baseline, end of the program, and 6 months after program completion. Secondary outcomes included digital therapy dosage, pain and fatigue during sessions, and satisfaction.

Results

In total, 93 (89.4%) patients completed the program and 79 (76.0%) were available for follow-up. Changes in the primary outcomes between baseline and the 6-month follow-up were both significant (P<.001) and clinically meaningful: mean difference of –2.72 points (95% CI –3.31 to –2.13) on the NPRS (49.8% reduction), 21.7 points (95% CI 17.13-26.27) on the FAAM–ADL (41.1% increase), and 37.8 points (95% CI 30.45-45.15) on the FAAM-Sports (151.8% increase). Longer waiting periods between the accident date and treatment initiation were found to negatively impact functional status at baseline and at the end of the program, triggering an extension in the program duration. The total training volume (12.5 hours, SD 10.5 hours) was similar to that of other interventions for ankle sprains, but the dosage per week was much higher (2.4 hours per week, SD 0.87 hours per week). The mean patient satisfaction score was 8.8 (SD 1.57) out of 10. Among program completers, 83.9% attained full recovery and were discharged with no residual disability.

Conclusions

Being far less demanding in terms of human resources, the digital program presented constituted a viable, clinically effective, and convenient solution for ankle sprain rehabilitation, particularly during the pandemic. This is the first study presenting a fully remote home-based rehabilitation program for acute ankle sprains, with patients achieving sustained long-term results. This was a prospective cohort study and, as such, did not include a control group, but the results appear comparable to those published for face-to-face interventions.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04819022; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04819022
Peer Review of “Impact of Modifiable Risk Factors on the Occurrence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Diyala, Iraq: Case-Control Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Taher Rihana
Published: July 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Effects of Telerehabilitation on Patient Adherence to a Rehabilitation Plan: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Gaboury Isabelle , Tousignant Michel , Corriveau Hélène , Menear Matthew , Le Dorze Guylaine , Rochefort Christian , Vachon Brigitte , Rochette Annie , Gosselin Sylvie , Michaud François , Bollen Jessica , Dean Sarah
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Strong evidence supports beginning stroke rehabilitation as soon as the patient’s medical status has stabilized and continuing following discharge from acute care. However, adherence to rehabilitation treatments over the rehabilitation phase has been shown to be suboptimal.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a telerehabilitation platform on stroke patients’ adherence to a rehabilitation plan and on their level of reintegration into normal social activities, in comparison with usual care. The primary outcome is patient adherence to stroke rehabilitation (up to 12 weeks), which is hypothesized to influence reintegration into normal living. Secondary outcomes for patients include functional recovery and independence, depression, adverse events related to telerehabilitation, use of services (up to 6 months), perception of interprofessional shared decision making, and quality of services received. Interprofessional collaboration as well as quality of interprofessional shared decision making will be measured with clinicians.

METHODS

In this interrupted time series with a convergent qualitative component, rehabilitation teams will be trained to develop rehabilitation treatment plans that engage the patient and family, while taking advantage of a telerehabilitation platform to deliver the treatment. The intervention will be comprised of 220 patients who will take part in stroke telerehabilitation with an interdisciplinary group of clinicians (telerehabilitation group) versus face-to-face standard of care (control group: n=110 patients).

RESULTS

Our Research Ethics Board approved the study in June 2020. Data collection for the control group is underway, with another year planned before we begin the intervention phase.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will contribute to the minimization of both knowledge and practice gaps, while producing robust, in-depth data on the factors related to the effectiveness of telerehabilitation in a stroke rehabilitation continuum. Findings will inform best practice guidelines regarding telecare services and the provision of telerehabilitation, including recommendations for effective interdisciplinary collaboration regarding stroke rehabilitation.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04440215; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04440215

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/32134
HEDYCHIUM SPICATUM BUCH-HAM. (KUCHRI), A TREASURE HOUSE OF ESSENTIAL OILS
Authors: KUMARI ISHA , KAURAV HEMLATA , CHAUDHARY GITIKA
Published: July 2021

Medicinal plants have a very significant role in the health care system. They are served as the primary source of modern drugs. One of such important medicinal plant is Hedychium spicatum Buch-ham. which belongs to the Zingiberaceae family (ginger family). The plant is commonly known as the spiked ginger lily in English and Kuchri in Hindi and Shati in Sanskrit. It is a commercially valuable plant due to its rhizomes. This rhizomatous plant holds a significant place in Ayurveda due to its extraordinary disease-curing properties. It is mentioned as Shwasahara mahakashaya dravya in Ayurveda. It is used in many folk cultures around the world as a remedy against many diseases like diarrhoea, liver-related problems, pain, vomiting, stomachache, inflammation, nausea, headache, fever etc. It is a therapeutically important plant due to the presence of numerous important essential oils as major phytochemical constituents like 1,8-Cineole, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, myrcene, α-phellandrene, etc. The main therapeutic properties of the plant are anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, tranquilizer, antipyretic, anti-diabetic, pediculicidal, anti-helminthic etc. The aim of the present review is to provide information related to phytochemistry, therapeutic properties, traditional uses of Hedychium spicatum in Ayurveda and folk medicinal system.
FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF UNCONVENTIONAL PLANT SOURCES
Authors: SANGLE SANCHITA CHANDRAKANT , MANOHARAN NIKITA , LIMGAOKAR KIRTI , NIGAM ANUKRITI
Published: July 2021

Objective: Plant phenols are extensively studied, thanks to their many prophylactic (anti-tumoural, ulcer, inflammatory) and therapeutic effects. Their many antioxidants may protect against diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases. Our objective was to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of our samples: Cocos nucifera (shell), Punica granatum (peel), Citrus limonum (rind), and Ocimum sanctum (stem); in conjugation with phytochemical analysis.

Methods: The hydro-methanolic extracts of the selected plant parts were assessed for polyphenols. Antioxidant (ferric reducing power assay) and antibacterial (Kirby Bauer disc diffusion) assays were run for varying concentrations against-Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi.

Results: The results showed that the samples all contained polyphenols with high total phenolic activity in pomegranate and high antibacterial activity in coconut. A more comprehensive study could lead to their emphatic incorporation into mainstream medicine and pharmaceuticals–furnishing natural alternatives to their chemical counterparts.

Conclusion: The present study concludes that hydro-methanolic extracts of the samples contain phytochemicals in high concentrations, conferring upon them promising antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
Interculturalidad y derecho. Hacia un derecho intercultural en México
Authors: Ángeles Hernández Elías
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo plantea la interculturalidad como paradigma emergente de cara a la diversidad cultural existente en nuestro contexto actual, abriendo la posibilidad de un grado mayor de convivencia entre diversos grupos sociales permitiendo comunicación, interacción positiva, respeto, convivencia y aprendizaje recíproco. A partir de la obra Derecho intercultural del iusfilosofo alemán Otfried Höffe se analiza la posibilidad de una legislación con ese enfoque. Este modelo de gestión de la diversidad en relación con el Derecho, se ha visto reflejado en estándares desarrollados y aplicados por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) para protección de derechos de pueblos y comunidades indígenas. En México, este modelo no ha sido abordado ni proyectado a nivel legislativo, administrativo y jurisdiccional. Por lo tanto, se plantea para la construcción de un derecho intercultural en México, la necesaria inclusión de tales criterios o estándares en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.
El acceso a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo y su constitucionalidad en la República Argentina
Authors: Basaure Miranda Isaac Marcelo
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar si la ley 27.610, que legaliza el acceso a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en Argentina, es violatoria de la Constitución Nacional
ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO AL ESTRÉS SEGÚN SEXO Y EDAD EN UNA MUESTRA DE ADOLESCENTES URUGUAYOS
Authors: García Pérez Reina Coral , López García Juan José , Moreno Nicolás María José
Published: July 2021

La forma en la que los adolescentes se enfrentan el estrés es un importante componente de la salud y el bienestar. La adolescencia es una etapa del desarrollo en la que se presentan cambios físicos y psicológicos, en la cual los adolescentes se enfrentan a variadas situaciones que son fuente de problemas y preocupaciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y comparar las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés que informan usar cuando están en problemas. Se trabajó con una muestra de 1228 adolescentes pertenecientes a 7 colegios de Montevideo, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 19 años, mediante un diseño transversal descriptivo-comparativo. Todos los participantes contestaron la Forma Específica de la Escala de Afrontamiento al Estrés para Adolescentes (ACS). Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas en las variables sexo y edad.
CONSECUENCIAS DEL MALTRATO GRAVE INTRAFAMILIAR EN LA INFANCIA: CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN Y DIAGNÓSTICO DE LAS REACCIONES POSTRAUMÁTICAS COMPLEJAS
Authors: López-Soler C. , Castro M. , Daset L.R. , Alcántara M. , Fernández V. , Prieto M. , Puerto J.C.
Published: July 2021

El trauma psíquico es una transversalidad en la historia de la humanidad, pero de diagnóstico tardío, especialmente en lo que refiere a su incorporación a los sistemas de clasificación en psicopatología como Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático (TEPT). Desde ese momento hasta nuestros días han ido en aumento los estudios sobre TEPT, avanzando primero en las formas de evaluación específica y posteriormente en las propuestas de intervención, con énfasis en población adulta. Otros trabajos han evidenciado que, la semiológica del TEPT en niños y adolescentes, no puede ser analizada y  bordada de igual manera que en población adulta. En este artículo se presentan los resultados generales de estudios sobre el TEPT en la infancia y adolescencia y los trabajos sobre un Listado de apoyo a los Clínicos para la evaluación del TEPT y del TEPTC o DESNOS, con algunos de los resultados preliminares de los estudios realizados con población de menores en situación de abuso y maltrato.
ELOGIO DE LA SOMBRA DEL ALMA
Authors: Saiz Mario
Published: July 2021

Elogio de la Sombra del alma
LAS HABILIDADES SOCIALES EN NIÑOS PREESCOLARES EN CONTEXTOS DE POBREZA
Authors: Lacunza Ana Betina , Contini de González Norma
Published: July 2021

Las investigaciones han encontrado sólidas relaciones entre la competencia social en la infancia y el funcionamiento social posterior. El estudio de las habilidades sociales en la infancia está centrado en prevenir dificultades de adaptación y posibilitar el desarrollo de recursos personales en diferentes contextos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir una serie de habilidades sociales en 318 niños de 3 a 5 años de S.M. de Tucumán (Argentina) en situación de pobreza. Se aplicó una Escala de Habilidades Sociales a los padres y una encuesta sociodemográfica, considerándose el nivel socioeconómico. Los resultados no identificaron diferencias estadísticas significativas según los niveles de pobreza y el sexo de los niños. Posteriormente se analizó la cualidad de las habilidades sociales descriptas. Los resultados permiten afirmar que a pesar del contexto de pobreza, los niños participantes mostraron una serie de habilidades sociales positivas, por lo que se las considera un recurso de salud.
EL USO DEL MODELO FARMACOLÓGICO BASADO EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DE MK-801, PARA LA REVISIÓN Y RE-DEFINICIÓN DEL SISTEMA LÍMBICO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA ANÁTOMO-PATOLOGÍA
Authors: Bueno Adrián Marcelo , De Olmos Soledad
Published: July 2021

El efecto neurotóxico inducido en el sistema límbico de ratas por el tratamiento agudo con MK-801, afecta a todas las áreas del lóbulo límbico, como la corteza olfatoria, la amígdala baso-lateral, el sistema hipocampal, la corteza del cíngulo y regiones específicas de la corteza frontal e insular (allo-corticales y meso-corticales). En contraste, los núcleos sub-corticales habitualmente incluidos en el sistema límbico, como la amígdala extendida, el sistema estriado-palidal ventral, el área septal, el tálamo y el hipotálamo, no evidencian muerte neuronal. Los resultados anátomo-patológicos sugieren que las áreas del lóbulo límbico comparten características comunes, y soporta la idea de una unidad funcional que es diferente, dentro del sistema límbico, de otras regiones “límbicas” sub-corticales. Esto apoya la consideración de un lóbulo límbico compuesto estrictamente por áreas allo-corticales y meso-corticales del telencéfalo e implica la necesidad de re-definir el clásico y amplio concepto de “sistema límbico”.
Investigation of Natural Occurring Radioactive Material Activity Level in Falluja-Anbar (Iraq)
Authors: FARHAN Sabah , WAHEED Faez , AL-DULAIMI Mohammed
Published: July 2021

Radiation may be defined as the energy in the form of electromagnetic waves or particles that pass through space and even heavy dense materials. The radioactivity is a continuously decreasing quantity which is a function of the half-life of the responsible radionuclides. The natural sources of radiation came from terrestrial radionuclides which are widely distributed in the earth's crust. Field radiological surveys were conducted by the GR-460 mobile detection system, the only mobile system in Iraq and the region. This system is dedicated to the radiological scanning process for large areas and in less time. The system is attached to a GPS satellite positioning device so that the measurement points are coupled with the spatial coordinates of the radiometric area. In this study, the concentration of naturally occurring radioactive materials had been determined experimentally of AL-Falluja / Anbar Governorate- Iraq for (66) km2 using GR-460 portable gamma spectrometer system. The results showed that the high level of uranium concentration (238U) was 8.1 ppm in the industrial area, the low level was 0.1 ppm in most districts. The high level of Thorium (232Th) concentration was 17.5 ppm and less than 0.1 ppm in most neighborhoods are within Iraq's natural background.
'A History of Islamic Societies' oleh Ira M Lapidus: Kritikan terhadap Prakata Karyanya
Authors: @ Mat Zin Aizan Ali , Ibrahim Muhammad Syahmi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to analyse issues in the preface section of a literature written by an orientalist Ira M Lapidus. Students of social science and humanities at university level refer to the book in their study on Islamic societies. Data collection in this study gathered by using method of documentation. Then all the collected data were analysed by using content analysis in addition to inductive, deductive and comparative methods. Finding shows that there is issue of differences in data interpretation done by Ira M. Lapidus. This is due to his reference are mainly secondary rather than primary sources. In conclusion, this article strongly suggest the importance of primary source in writing Islamic history.
Al-Tasrif li man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif oleh al-Zahrawi: Manfaatnya dalam Perkembangan Bidang Perubatan di Eropah
Authors: Karim Nur Aqilah , @Mat Sidek Roziah Sidik
Published: July 2021

Al-Zahrawi was an illustrious figure in medicine. He not only contributed to the Islamic civilization, but is highly regarded as a genius who had an enormous influence, generally, in the field of medicine and, particularly, in surgery in Europe. His influence continued into the Renaissance age and the modern age. Renaissance was the age of European civilization from about the 14th Century to 17th Century AD which is said to be a period of ‘rebirth’ of arts, architecture, culture, politics, economics and knowledge. This influence is associated with his work, namely, al-Tasrif li man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif, which contains descriptions and illustrations of more than 200 surgical instruments and surgical procedures which he pioneered and that revolutionized the field of surgery. This study aims to analyze Europe’s efforts in utilizing al-Zahrawi’s landmark 30-volume encyclopedic work in developing the field of medicine. This research is qualitative with a historical approach. Data were collected using content analysis method, while data analysis was done descriptively. The results show that Europe used three methods to benefit from al-Zahrawi’s work in developing the field of medicine in European civilization. The first method was translation of al-Tasrif li man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif into various European languages. This initiative lasted almost 800 years. The second method was using al-Tasrif li man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif as reference material in medical schools in Europe. And the third method was to make al-Tasrif li man ‘Ajiza ‘an al-Ta’lif as reference material in writings of medical experts.
The Existence of the Manuscript in Minangkabau Indonesia and its Field in Islamic Studies
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman , Hidayat Ahmad Taufik , , Efrinaldi , , Sudarman , , Lukmanulhakim
Published: July 2021

The existence of manuscripts in the Minangkabau area has undergone a development that is not only in certain surau but can even be found in various places in Minangkabau. The text of the manuscript is generally related to Islamic studies, so that the direction of the scientific field of study will support scientific development in the fields of ḥadīth, shari‘a, history, Islamic education and the development of thought, philosophy (manṭīq), and Sufism. This study uses primary data derived from existing manuscripts with philology and codicology approaches. This approach uses manuscripts as research sources to be presented in a mapping which has been identified that philology, codicology, and paratext studies are the initial bases in studying aspects of the text in Minangkabau manuscripts. On this basis, Islamic studies institutions have a great opportunity to study the most important aspects of the manuscript or to use the manuscript as the main source. This is related to the study of manuscripts in the development of ḥadīth studies, development of shari‘a studies, development of historical studies, development of Islamic education and thought, philosophy (manṭīq), and Sufism.