bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opening of Circumaxillary Sutures by Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansions and Constrictions
Authors: Wang Yu-Chi , Chang Peter M. S. , Liou Eric Jein-Wein
Published: September 2008

Objective: To analyze quantitatively the circumaxillary suture opening after alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions (Alt-RAMEC).

Materials and Methods: Twelve inbred cats were randomly grouped into two equal groups for 1 week of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) (1 mm/day) or 5 weeks of Alt-RAMEC (1 mm/day). At the end of the experiment, the craniofacial skeleton of each cat was harvested. Each circumaxillary suture was then probed at three sites with a 0.5-mm pointed periodontal probe. A smooth probing without penetration was an ineffective suture opening (<0.5 mm), while a probing with penetration was an effective suture opening (>0.5 mm). For each suture, the quantity of suture opening (%) was the effective suture opening/(effective + ineffective suture opening). The intergroup differences were analyzed by chi-square test (P < .05).

Results: Five weeks of Alt-RAMEC opened the circumaxillary sutures significantly more than 1 week of RME. This affected the circumaxillary sutures running coronally and articulating directly to the maxilla (56.9% vs 36.1%, P < .001), the sutures running sagittally, but articulating indirectly to the maxilla (94.4% vs 64.8%, P < .001), and the sutures running coronally, but articulating indirectly to the maxilla (58.3% vs 33.3%, P < .01). The sutures running sagittally were opened significantly more (94.4%–100.0%) than those running coronally (56.9%–58.3%), no matter if they articulated directly or indirectly with the maxilla.

Conclusions: Alt-RAMEC opens both the sagittally and coronally running circumaxillary sutures quantitatively more than conventional RME. However, more than 5 weeks of Alt-RAMEC would be needed to increase the opening of the coronally running circumaxillary sutures. (Angle Orthod. 2009:79; )
In Vitro Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Assessments of an Orthodontic Bonding Agent Containing Benzalkonium Chloride
Authors: Saito Kayo , Hayakawa Tohru , Kawabata Rihito , Meguro Daijiro , Kasai Kazutaka
Published: September 2008

Objective: To assess the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of an orthodontic bonding material containing an antibacterial agent.

Materials and Methods: Superbond C&B (4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane [4-META/MMA-TBB]) resin was mixed with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to obtain final BAC concentrations of 0.25%, 0.75%, 1.25%, 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5.0% (wt/ wt). Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus was evaluated by soaking the BAC-resin in distilled water at 37°C for periods of 30, 90, and 180 days. Antibacterial activity of the BAC-resin was measured by the disk diffusion method, and the inhibition zone around each sample was measured and recorded. For evaluation of cytotoxicity, BAC-resin samples were put into cell culture inserts placed above human gingival cells and were incubated at 37°C for 1, 3, and 6 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed with a tetrazolium bromide reduction assay.

Results: The antibacterial activity of BAC-incorporated resin samples decreased significantly after immersion in water for 180 days, regardless of BAC concentration. The antibacterial activity of nonimmersed resin containing 0.25% or 1.75% BAC was comparable with that of 5.0% BAC-resin immersed for 180 days. In cytotoxicity tests, most cells died when exposed to resins containing 1.75%, 2.5%, and 5% BAC. No difference was observed between resins containing 0.25% and 0.75% BAC at 1, 3, and 6 days of culture.

Conclusions: The addition of BAC to 4-META/MMA-TBB resin confers an antibacterial effect even after immersion in water, and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin containing 0.25% to 0.75% BAC has no significant cytotoxic effect.
Weight-Loss Practices and Weight-Related Issues Among Youth With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lawrence Jean M. , Liese Angela D. , Liu Lenna , Dabelea Dana , Anderson Andrea , Imperatore Giuseppina , Bell Ronny
Published: September 2008

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to describe the weight-loss practices and weight-related issues reported by youth with diabetes, according to sex and diabetes type.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 1,742 female and 1,615 male youth aged 10–21 years with type 1 or type 2 diabetes completed a SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study visit during which height, weight, and A1C were measured. A survey assessed weight-related issues and weight-loss practices.

RESULTS—Although more common in youth with type 2 diabetes, youth with type 1 diabetes also reported weight-related concerns and had elevated BMI. Among youth who had ever tried to lose weight (n = 1,646), healthy weight-loss practices (diet [76.5%] and exercise [94.8%]) were the most common, whereas unhealthy practices (fasting [8.6%], using diet aids [7.5%], vomiting or laxative use [2.3%], and skipping insulin doses [4.2%]) were less common. In sex-specific multivariable models including age, race/ethnicity, diabetes type, BMI category, and glycemic control, obese females and overweight/obese males were more likely to report ever practicing any unhealthy weight-loss practice than normal-weight youth. These practices were associated with poor glycemic control for female but not male subjects. All unhealthy weight-loss practices except fasting were more common in female than in male subjects. Dieting, fasting, and using diet aids were all more common in youth with type 2 diabetes than in those with type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS—Given the prevalence of overweight and obesity among youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, health care professionals caring for youth with diabetes need to pay particular attention to identifying youth, particularly females, with unhealthy weight-loss practices.
Multitissue Insulin Resistance Despite Near-Normoglycemic Remission in Africans With Ketosis-Prone Diabetes
Authors: Choukem Simeon-Pierre , Sobngwi Eugene , Fetita Lila-Sabrina , Boudou Philippe , De Kerviler Eric , Boirie Yves , Hainault Isabelle , Vexiau Patrick , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck , Calvo Fabien , Gautier Jean-François
Published: September 2008

OBJECTIVE—To characterize insulin action in Africans with ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) during remission.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—At Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France, 15 African patients with KPD with an average 10.5-month insulin-free near-normoglycemic remission period (mean A1C 6.2%) were compared with 17 control subjects matched for age, sex, BMI, and geographical origin. Insulin stimulation of glucose disposal, and insulin suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs), was studied using a 200-min two-step (10 mU · m−2 body surface · min−1 and 80 mU · m−2 · min −1 insulin infusion rates) euglycemic clamp with [6,6-2H2]glucose as the tracer. Early-phase insulin secretion was determined during an oral glucose tolerance test.

RESULTS—The total glucose disposal was reduced in patients compared with control subjects (7.5 ± 0.8 [mean ± SE] vs. 10.5 ± 0.9 mg · kg−1 · min−1; P = 0.018). EGP rate was higher in patients than control subjects at baseline (4.0 ± 0.3 vs. 3.0 ± 0.1 mg · kg−1 · min−1; P = 0.001) and after 200-min insulin infusion (10 mU · m−2 · min−1: 1.6 ± 0.2 vs. 0.6 ± 0.1, P = 0.004; 80 mU · m−2 · min−1: 0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0 mg · kg−1 · min−1, P = 0.007). Basal plasma NEFA concentrations were also higher in patients (1,936.7 ± 161.4 vs. 1,230.0 ± 174.1 μmol/l; P = 0.002) and remained higher after 100-min 10 mU · m−2 · min−1 insulin infusion (706.6 ± 96.5 vs. 381.6 ± 55.9 μmol/l; P = 0.015).

CONCLUSIONS—The triad hepatic, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance is observed in patients with KPD during near-normoglycemic remission, suggesting that KPD is a form of type 2 diabetes.
Zinc Intake and Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Maser Raelene E. , Stabley John N. , Lenhard M. James , Owusu-Griffin Phyllis , Provost-Craig Michelle A. , Farquhar William B.
Published: September 2008

OBJECTIVE—To examine the relationship between Zn nutritive status and biochemical markers of bone turnover in type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Serum osteocalcin, urine N-telopeptides, and dietary intake data, obtained by 3-day food records, were assessed for 66 individuals with type 1 diabetes.

RESULTS—Zn intake correlated with osteocalcin in the group overall (r = 0.48; P < 0.001) but not with N-telopeptides. Examined by sex, both Zn and osteocalcin correlated for men (r = 0.57; P < 0.001), but the correlation did not reach statistical significance for women (r = 0.34; P = 0.09). A direct-entry linear regression model with osteocalcin as the dependent variable was performed. Duration, sex, A1C, insulin use per kilogram, total calorie intake, and Zn intake were entered as potential independent variables. The model was statistically significant (R2 = 0.32; P < 0.01). Zn intake (P < 0.001), however, was the only independent correlate of osteocalcin.

CONCLUSIONS—This study provides evidence of a positive relationship between Zn intake and osteocalcin in type 1 diabetes.
Is Socioeconomic Position Related to the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome?
Authors: Ramsay Sheena E. , Whincup Peter H. , Morris Richard , Lennon Lucy , Wannamethee S.G.
Published: September 2008

OBJECTIVE—To examine whether adult social class and childhood social class are related to metabolic syndrome in later life, independent of adult behavioral factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a population-based cross-sectional study comprising 2,968 men aged 60–79 years.

RESULTS—Adult social class and childhood social class were both inversely related to metabolic syndrome. Mutual adjustment attenuated the relation of metabolic syndrome with childhood social class; that with adult social class was little affected. However, the relation with adult social class was markedly attenuated by adjustment for smoking status, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. High waist circumference was independently associated with adult social class.

CONCLUSIONS—The association between adult social class and metabolic syndrome was largely explained by behavioral factors. In addition, central adiposity, a component of metabolic syndrome, was associated with adult social class. Focusing on healthier behaviors and obesity, rather than specific efforts to reduce social inequalities surrounding metabolic syndrome, is likely to be particularly important in reducing social inequalities that affect people with coronary disease.
Improving Diabetes Care in Practice
Authors: Peterson Kevin A. , Radosevich David M. , O'Connor Patrick J. , Nyman John A. , Prineas Ronald J. , Smith Steven A. , Arneson Thomas J. , Corbett Victor A. , Weinhandl Joyce C. , Lange Carol J. , Hannan Peter J.
Published: September 2008

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to determine whether implementation of a multicomponent organizational intervention can produce significant change in diabetes care and outcomes in community primary care practices.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a group-randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluating the practical effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention (TRANSLATE) in 24 practices. The intervention included implementation of an electronic diabetes registry, visit reminders, and patient-specific physician alerts. A site coordinator facilitated previsit planning and a monthly review of performance with a local physician champion. The principle outcomes were the percentage of patients achieving target values for the composite of systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg, LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl, and A1C <7.0% at baseline and 12 months. Six process measures were also followed.

RESULTS—Over 24 months, 69,965 visits from 8,405 adult patients with type 2 diabetes were recorded from 238 health care providers in 24 practices from 17 health systems. Diabetes process measures increased significantly more in intervention than in control practices, giving net increases as follows: foot examinations 35.0% (P < 0.0.001); annual eye examinations 25.9% (P < 0.001); renal testing 28.5% (P < 0.001); A1C testing 8.1%(P < 0.001); blood pressure monitoring 3.5% (P = 0.05); and LDL testing 8.6% (P < 0.001). Mean A1C adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidity decreased significantly in intervention practices (P < 0.02). At 12 months, intervention practices had significantly greater improvement in achieving recommended clinical values for SBP, A1C, and LDL than control clinics (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS—Introduction of a multicomponent organizational intervention in the primary care setting significantly increases the percentage of type 2 diabetic patients achieving recommended clinical outcomes.
Nonviable Tumor Tissue Should Not Upstage Wilms' Tumor from Stage I to Stage II: A Report from the SIOP 93–01 Nephroblastoma Trial and Study
Authors: Vujanić Gordan M. , Harms Dieter , Bohoslavsky Roman , Leuschner Ivo , de Kraker Jan , Sandstedt Bengt
Published: September 2008

In SIOP trials, Wilms' tumors were labeled as stage II by the presence of nonviable and/or viable tumor in the renal sinus and/or perirenal fat. The aim of this study was to determine if this approach was justified. Stage II Wilms' tumors were reviewed to establish whether staging was due to viable or nonviable tumor, and this was related to clinical outcome. One hundred sixty-nine patients were included: 40 had stage II due to the presence of nonviable tumor and 129 due to viable tumor. Postoperatively, 29 patients were undertreated: 7 with nonviable and 22 with viable stage II tumors. No undertreated patient with nonviable stage II relapsed or died (event-free survival [EFS] and overall survival [OS] 100%), whereas 3 of 22 with viable stage II relapsed, and 2 of them died (EFS 86%, OS 91%). Of 140 correctly treated patients, only 1 of 33 nonviable stage II patients relapsed and died (EFS and OS 97%); 8 of 107 patients with viable stage II relapsed (EFS 92%), and 3 of them died (OS 97%). The presence of nonviable tumor in the renal sinus and/or perirenal fat does not predict an adverse outcome in Wilms' tumors, and alone it does not warrant designation to stage II.
20 Years Life Technologies at the University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland Valais
Authors: Besse Jacques , Frey Urban
Published: September 2008

The Faculty and Institute of Life Technologies of the HES-SO Valais offer attractive educational and R&D programmes in three areas: analytical chemistry, biotechnology and food technology. The Faculty offers a three-year Bachelor degree programme with three specializations as well
as follow-on Masters programmes. The strategic research priorities of the Institute are quite diverse: the search for analytical solutions for chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food applications; isolation and characterisation of active substances extracted from aromatic and medicinal
plants; development and optimisation of biotechnological processes for the production of therapeutic biomolecules; development and production of novel foodstuffs; food quality and food safety. The Faculty and the Institute employ a highly qualified staff of over 50 people to carry out these
tasks. A large range of facilities is available to cover the needs of education, research and other activities.
Hosts and Sponsors - The 23rd Himalayan-Karakoram-Tibet Workshop
Authors: Editor The
Published: September 2008

Himalayan Journal of Sciences, Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.5
Preface
Authors: Singh Sandeep , Jain Arvind K , Leech Mary L , Barley Mark E
Published: September 2008

Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.7
Preliminary paleomagnetic study of Cretaceous dykes in SE-Tibet
Authors: Antolin B , Appel E , Dunkl I , Ding L , Montomoli C , El Bay R , Gloaguen R
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1231 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.20
White Sandstone in Subathu Sub-Basin: an example of tectonically driven forced regressive wedge
Authors: Bera MK , Sarkar A , Chakraborty PP
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1234 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.24-25
Evolution of the Lesser Himalaya
Authors: Bhargava ON , Frank W
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1235 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.26-27
Bursting of Glacial Lakes-- A Consequence of Global Warming: A Case History from the Lunana Area, Gasa Dzongkhag, Bhutan
Authors: Bhargava ON , Tangri SK , Choudhary AK
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1236 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.28
Songpan Garze fold belt: New petrological and geochronological data
Authors: Billerot Audrey , De Sigoyer Julia , Duchêne Stéphanie , Vanderhaeghe Olivier , Pubellier Manuel
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1239 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.32
Crustal velocity structure from surface wave dispersion tomography in the Indian Himalaya
Authors: Caldwell Warren B , Klemperer Simon L , Rai Shyam S , Lawrence Jesse F
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1240 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.33
Non-coaxial heterogeneous deformation in the Num orthogneiss (Arun valley, Mt. Makalu area, eastern Nepal)
Authors: Carosi R , Frassi C , Montomoli C , Pertusati PC , Groppo C , Rolfo F , Visonà D
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1241 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.34
Ductile-brittle deformation in the hanging-wall of the South Tibetan Detachment System (Southern Tibet)
Authors: Carosi R , Montomoli C , Appel E , Dunkl I , Ding Lin
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1242 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.35
Three-Dimensional Strain Variation across the Kathmandu Nappes: Insight to Nappe Emplacement Mechanism
Authors: Chamlagain Deepak
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1243 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.36-38
Tectonometamorphic evolution of collisional orogenic belts in the Korean Peninsula: Implications for East Asian tectonics
Authors: Cho Moonsup
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1245 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.40
The Sedimentary Record of Deglaciation in the Western Himalaya recorded in the Indus Delta, Pakistan
Authors: Cliff PD , Giosan L , Campbell IH , Blusztajn J , Pringle M , Tabrez AR , Alizai A , Rabbani MM , Vanlaniningham S
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1246 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.41
Examination of relocated earthquake hypocenters in the Pamir- Hindu Kush seismic zone using 3-D plots
Authors: Das S
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1248 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.43
Unzipping Lemuria from its Himalaya suture to understand mammalian origins
Authors: De Wit Maarten J , Masters Judith
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1249 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.44
Addressing Tectonic and Metamorphic Controversy in the Pakistan Himalaya
Authors: Dipietro Joseph A
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1250 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.45-46
Active tectonics and origin of Tso Morari Lake observed by Remote sensing and GIS techniques
Authors: Dubey Chandra Shekhar , Shukla Dericks Praise
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1251 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.47-48
Impact of coeval tectonic and sedimentary-driven tectonics on the development of overpressure cells, on the sealing, and fluid migration –Petroleum potential and environmental risks of the Makran Accretionary Prism in Pakistan
Authors: Ellouz-Zimmermann N , Battani A , Deville E , Prinzohfer A , Ferrand J
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1253 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.50-51.
The Tso Morari Nappe of the Ladakh Himalaya: formation and exhumation
Authors: Epard Jean-Luc , Steck Albrecht
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1254 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.52
P-T evolution across the Main Central Thrust zone (Eastern Nepal): hidden discontinuities revealed by petrology
Authors: Groppo Chiara , Rolfo Franco , Lombardo Bruno
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1257 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.55
New occurrence of eclogitic continental rocks in NW Himalaya: The Stak massif in northern Pakistan
Authors: Guillot Stéphane , Riel Nicolas , Hattori Kéiko , Desgreniers Serge , Rolland Yann , Van Melle Jérémie , Latif Mohamad , Kausar Allah B , Pêcher Arnaud
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1259 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.57
Evolution of the Indian Monsoon System and Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau uplift during the Neogene
Authors: Gupta Anil K
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1260 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.58
Structural and metamorphic equivalence across theLHS-HHCS contact, Sikkim Himalaya – indicator of post-deformation metamorphism or the wrong MCT?
Authors: Gupta Saibal , Mondal Suman
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1261 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.59
Comparison of regional geoelectric structure of Himalayan region
Authors: Harinarayana T , Sastry RS
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1263 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.61
Structure of the crust and the lithosphere in the Himalaya-Tibet region and implications on the rheology and eclogitization of the India plate
Authors: Hetényi György , Vergne Jérôme , Nábĕlek John L , Cattin Rodolphe , Brunet Fabrice , Bollinger Laurent , Diament Michel
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1267 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.65-66
Present-day E-W extension in the NW Himalaya (Himachal Pradesh, India)
Authors: Hintersberger Esther , Thiede Rasmus , Strecker Manfred , Krüger Frank
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1268 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.67-68
3-D Velocity Structure of the Crust and upper Mantle in Tibet and its Geodynamic Effect
Authors: Hongwei Zheng , Rizheng He , Dapeng Zhao , Tingdong Li , Gao Rui
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1269 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.69
Electrical Structure of Garhwal Himalayan region, India, inferred from Magnetotelluric
Authors: Israil M , Tyagi DK , Gupta PK , Niwas Sri
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1270 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.70-71
Heterogeneous Himalayan crust using shear wave attenuation in the Pithoragarh region of Kumaon
Authors: Joshi A , Mohanty M , Bansal AR , Dimri VP , Chadha RK
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1271 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.72
Pre-Himalayan tectonometamorphic signatures from the Kumaun Himalaya
Authors: Joshi Mallickarjun
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1273 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.75
Northeast Tibetan Crustal Structure from INDEPTH IV Controlled- Source Seismic Data
Authors: Karplus Marianne , Klemperer Simon , Wenjin Zhao , Zhenhan Wu , Danian Shi , Heping Su , Brown Larry , Chen Chen , Mechie Jim , Kind Rainer , Tilmann Fred , Makovsky Yizhaq , Meissner Rolf
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1274 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.76-77
Geochronologic, structural and metamorphic constraints on the evolution of the South Tibetan detachment system, Bhutan Himalaya
Authors: Kellett Dawn A , Grujic Djordje , Coutand Isabelle , Warren Clare
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1275 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.78-79
Late Quaternary climatic changes in the eastern Kumaun Himalaya, India as deduced from multi-proxy studies
Authors: Kotlia Bahadur Singh , Sanwal Jaishri , Phartiyal Binita , Joshi Lalit Mohan , Trivedi Anjali , Sharma Chhaya
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1277 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.81
Palaeozoic granites and their younger components - A study of Mandi and Rakcham granites from the Himachal Himalaya
Authors: Kundu A , Pant NC , Joshi Sonalika
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1278 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.82-83
Is the Ramgarh thrust equivalent to the Main Central thrust in central Nepal?
Authors: Larson Kyle P , Godin Laurent
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1280 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.85
Does the Karakoram fault interrupt mid-crustal channel flow in the western Himalaya?
Authors: Leech Mary L
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1282 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.88
Lateral heterogeneity in lithospheric structure in SE Tibet
Authors: Meltzer Anne , Zurek Brian , Sol Stephane , Brown Lucy
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1284 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.90
Polyphase deformation history of the “Tibetan Sedimentary Sequence” in the Himalayan chain (South-East Tibet)
Authors: Montomoli Chiara , Appel Erwin , Borja Antolin , Dunkl István , El Bay Rachida , Ding Lin , Gloaguen R
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1285 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.91
The Main Central Thrust Revisited: New Insights from Sikkim Himalaya
Authors: Neogi Sudipta , Ravikant V
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1289 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.95-96
Segmented Nature of the Himalaya and Gangetic Plain
Authors: Parkash B , Rathor Rajat S , Awasthi AK , Pati Pitambar , Bhosle Balaji , Jakhmola Rajendra P , Singh Seema , Acharya Vivekanand
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1292 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.99
Significance of the clay mineral distribution in the fluvial sediments of the Neogene Himalayan Foreland Basin (central Nepal)
Authors: Huyghe Pascal , Guilbaud Romain , Bernet Matthias , Gajurel Ananta Prasad
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1293 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.100
Tectonics vs. erosion: evidences from apatite fission track and Rb-Sr (Biotite and Muscovite) thermochronology, Arunachal Himalaya
Authors: Pebam James , Jain AL , Kumar R , Singh Sandeep , Lal Nand
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1295 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.103-105
Soft sediment deformation structures in the Late Quaternary sediments of Ladakh: evidence of multiple phases of palaeoearthquakes in the North western Himalayan Region
Authors: Phartiyal Binita , Sharma Anupam
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1297 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.107
Complex Seismic Discontinuities in the Mantle Transition Zone beneath NW Himalaya and Ladakh- Karakoram
Authors: Prakasam KS , Rai SS , Priestley Keith , Gaur VK
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1298 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.108
The Deep structure of Western Himalaya – Ladakh-Karakoram
Authors: Rai SS , Gaur VK , Priestley Keith , Vinnik Lev
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1300 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.110
Deep seismic reflection profiling over the Siwalik fold belt of NW Himalaya
Authors: Prasad B Rajendra , Rao V Vijaya , Tewari HC
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1301 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.111-112
Occurrence of Permian palynofossils from the Saltoro Formation, Shyok-Suture-Zone, Ladakh Himalaya, India
Authors: Awatar Ram
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1302 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.113
Northern Margin of India in the Pre-Himalayan times
Authors: Rai Vibhuti , Singh Aradhana
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1304 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.115
The great 1950 Assam Earthquake revisited: field evidences of liquefaction and search for paleoseismic events
Authors: Reddy DV , Nagabhushanam Pasupuleti , Kumar Devender , Sukhija Balbir S , Thomas PJ , Pandey Anand K , Sahoo Radhendra Nath , Prasad GV Ravi , Datta Koushik
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1306 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.
Occurrences of sulphide minerals in the Stak and Tso Morari eclogites: Implications for the behaviour of sulphur and chalcophile elements in subduction zones
Authors: Riel Nicolas , Hattori Keiko , Guillot Stephane , Latif Mohamad , Kausar Allah B
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1307 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.118
Structural, paleogeographic and topographic evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau margin: Evidence from the southern Tarim basin, northern Hexi Corridor, and Qaidam basin
Authors: Ritts Bradley D , Bovet Paul M , Kent-Corson Malinda L , Darby Brian J , Hourigan Jeremy , Zhuang Guangsheng , Graham Stephan A , Yue Yongjun
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1309 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.121-122
New recognition of NNE-strike belt of negative aeromagnetic anomaly in Tibetan plateau
Authors: He Ri-Zheng , Gao Rui , Zheng Hong-Wei
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1310 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.123-124
Identification of necessary conditions for supershear wave rupture speeds: Application to Californian and Asian Fault
Authors: Robinson David , Das Shamita
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1311 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.125
Seismic Tomography of Garwhal-Kumaun Himalayas: Is the basal detachment a wistful thinking?
Authors: Mukhopadhyay S , Sharma J , Arora BR
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1313 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.128
Lake-level changes in the past 50 ka reconstructed from the lacustrine delta deposits in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Sakai Tetsuya , Gajurel Ananta P , Tabata Hideo , Ooi Nobuo , Upreti Bishal N
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1314 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.129
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of mafic to hybrid microgranular enclaves and felsic host of Ladakh batholith, Northwest Himalaya: Evidence of multistage complex magmatic processes
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Singh Brajesh
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1315 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.130-131
Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Granitoids from Kameng Corridor of Arunachal Himalaya, Northeast India
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Pathak Manjari
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1316 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.132
Analysis of gravity and magnetic data along Rumtse-Upshi-Leh- Kardung la and Rumtse-Upshi-Igu-Shakti-Chang la – Durbuk profiles – Presence of ophiolites within Ladakh batholith and suture zones
Authors: Sastry Rambhatla G , Israil Md
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1317 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.133-4
Analysis of Climate change from high elevation sites of North West Himalaya based on tree ring data
Authors: Shah Santosh K , Bhattacharyya Amalava , Chaudhary Vandana
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1320 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.138
Geochemistry of Late Quaternary Spituk palaeolake deposite of Ladakh, NW Himalaya
Authors: Phartiyal Binita , Sharma Anupam
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1322 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.141
Vertical stratigraphic variations and sedimentation model of the Lower Siwalik sequence in Kumaun Himalaya, India
Authors: Shukla UK , Bora DS
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1324 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.143
Weathering in the Ganga Alluvial Plain: Geochemical signatures linking of the Himalayan source and the Bay of Bengal sink
Authors: Singh Indra Bir , Singh Sandeep , Singh Munendra
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1327 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.146
Sediment sourcing in the Gangetic alluvium, Himalayan Foreland Basin – competition between Himalayan and cratonic hinterland
Authors: Sinha R , Kettanah Y , Gibling MR , Tandon SK , Jain M , Bhattacharjee PS , Dasgupta AS , Ghazanfari P
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1330 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.149
The metamorphism of the Tso Morari ultra-high pressure nappe of the Ladakh Himalaya
Authors: Steck Albrecht , Epard Jean-Luc
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1336 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.157-8
The Trans-Hudson Orogen of North America and the Himalaya- Karakoram-Tibetan Orogen of Asia: Structural and thermal evolution of the collisional lower and upper plates
Authors: St-Onge Marc , Searle Michael , Wodicka Natasha , Van Gool Jeroen , Garde Adam , Scott David
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1338 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.161
Strong ground motion observation and estimation: From predictive relationships and modelling to real-time shakemaps
Authors: Suhadolc Peter , Costa Giovanni , Moratto Luca
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1340 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.163
Petrology and geochronology of eclogitic and retrograde micas from Tso Morari UHP Complex, Ladakh Himalaya
Authors: Villa Igor M , De Sigoyer Julia , Guillot Stéphane
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1342 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.167
River discharge and erosion rates in the Sutlej basin, NW Himalaya
Authors: Wulf Hendrik , Scherler Dirk
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1346 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.172-3
Paleomagnetic and Geochronologic Results From Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic Rocks of the Central Tibet: Implications for the Paleogeography of the Qiangtang Terrane
Authors: Zhao Xixi , Lippert Pete , Coe Rob , Wang Chengshan , Liu Zhifei , Yi Haisheng , Li Yalin , Deng Bin , Villa Igor
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1349 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.177
Whole-rock elemental and zircon Hf isotopic geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic rocks from the Early Cretaceous Comei large igneous province in SE Tibet: constraints on mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis
Authors: Zhu Di-Cheng , Mo Xuan-Xue , Zhao Zhi-Dan , Niu Yaoling , Chung Sun-Lin
Published: September 2008

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1350 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.178-180
America in the French Imagination: The French Settlers of Asylum, Pennsylvania, and Their Perceptions of 1790s America
Authors: Spaeth Catherine T. C.
Published: September 2008

Abstract:

This article analyses a community of French aristocrats exiled to rural Pennsylvania during the 1790s and their perceptions of America. Their views of US culture shed fresh light on how immigrants to the United States envisioned America and offer new insight into French cultural critiques of the early American culture.
Spectres of Anti-communism: Richard Rorty and Leftist Thought in Twentieth–Century America
Authors: Churchill David S.
Published: September 2008

Abstract:

This article is a close reading of the late philosopher Richard Rorty's critique of the 1960s and of several prominent New Left intellectuals in his book Achieving Our Country. Rorty argues that the depth of animus generated by these American critiques of US foreign policy and society as well as by the turn toward identity-based politics was too severe and had the long-term effect of weakening and undermining progressive and left-wing political traditions within the United States. The article questions both Rorty's representation of the legacy of New Left intellectuals, as well as Rorty's own personal political positioning and identifications. Rather than providing a way forward, or reconciliation between differing progressive traditions in the United States, the article argues that Rorty continues in the tradition of sectarian debate and rejection of differing political positions. Thus, Rorty ends up reproducing the very sort of critique that he seeks to transcend and move beyond.
Recent Advances in Whale-Watching Research: 2006–2007
Authors: Scarpaci C. , Parsons E. C. M. , Lück M.
Published: September 2008

Whale-watching research encompasses a wide variety of disciplines and fields of study, including monitoring the biological impacts of whale-watching activities on cetaceans and assessments of the effectiveness of whale-watching management and regulations, to the sociological and economic aspects of whale watching on communities hosting such activities. One field of study that is attracting more attraction is the conflicting uses of marine mammals as a resource: nonconsumptive (whale watching) versus consumptive (whaling). This article is the latest in a series of annual digests that describes the variety and findings of whale-watching studies published since June 2006.
Multifunctioning pH‐responsive nanoparticles from hierarchical self‐assembly of polymer brush for cancer drug delivery
Authors: Shen Youqing , Zhan Yihong , Tang Jianbin , Xu Peisheng , Johnson Patrick A. , Radosz Maciej , Van Kirk Edward A. , Murdoch William J.
Published: September 2008

Polymer nanoparticles are extensively explored as drug carriers but they generally have issues of premature burst drug release, slow cellular uptake, and retention in acidic intracellular compartments. Herein, we report multifunctioning three‐layered nanoparticles (3LNPs) that can overcome these problems. The 3LNPs have a poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) core, a pH‐responsive poly[2‐(N,N‐diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate](PDEA) middle layer and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) outer layer. The pH‐responsive PDEA layer is insoluble at pH above 7 but becomes positively charged and soluble via protonation at pH lower than 6.5. Thus, this layer has three functions: it covers on the PCL core inhibiting the premature burst drug release at the physiological pH, becomes positively charged and thus promotes endocytosis for fast cellular internalization in the acidic interstitium of solid tumors, and is highly positively charged in lysosomes to disrupt the lysosomal membrane and release the nanoparticle into the cytosol. The multifunctioning nanoparticles are an efficient carrier for cancer cytosolic drug delivery. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Laboratory testing for fibrinogen abnormalities
Authors: Verhovsek Madeleine , Moffat Karen A. , Hayward Catherine P.M.
Published: September 2008

Fibrinogen is essential for the formation of a fibrin clot. Acquired and congenital disorders of fibrinogen may result in decreased concentration or altered function of fibrinogen, often leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Routine coagulation testing and specialized laboratory investigations can guide diagnosis in patients suspected of having a fibrinogen abnormality. This article summarizes the types of laboratory assays that are used to assess fibrinogen disorders, and key abnormalities found in different types of fibrinogen disorders.disorders. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydromorphological parameters indicating differences between single‐ and multiple‐channel mountain rivers in Germany, in relation to their modification and recovery
Authors: Jähnig Sonja C. , Lorenz Armin , Hering Daniel
Published: September 2008

Despite a growing number of river restoration projects in Central Europe targeting hydromorphological improvements, it is still uncommon to evaluate the effects of restoration. Hydromorphological diversity in straightened, single‐channel sections was compared with restored or naturally developed multiple‐channel sections in German mountain rivers to identify parameters suitable for judging conservation value or restoration success.

Seven multiple‐channel sections were compared with nearby straightened single‐channel sections. Six hydromorphological parameters at macro‐, meso‐ and micro‐scales were recorded with transect point protocols, including aquatic, terrestrial and transient areas and width of channel features (main and secondary channels, sidearms, standing water bodies, bars, banks, floodplains and embankments). Depth, velocity and substrate type were measured at 400 points per river section. With these data 12 metrics were calculated, to provide comparison between the sections.

All macro‐ and meso‐scale parameters were well differentiated between single‐channel and multiple‐channel sections: mean channel width and shoreline length increased by factors of 2.1 and 2.4, respectively; the average number of channel feature types increased from two to 10 per section.

Micro‐scale parameters, such as velocity and depth variance, were significantly different between single‐channel sections and most multiple‐channel sections. Substrate composition was more diverse in the restored sections; the share of the major substrate was on average reduced from 75% to 62%. The Spatial Diversity Index described differences in substrate patterns best. The individual parameters correlated only within scales, but rarely between them.

Rapid assessment of restoration success or judgement of conservation value is made possible by combining simple macro‐ and meso‐scale parameters, e.g. increase of overall width or of transient areas, and presence of bars and islands. Increase in aquatic area and diversity of habitats are the most appropriate micro‐scale parameters required to evaluate habitat suitability for aquatic organisms. For depth and velocity data, variance should be analysed.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of loss on ignition and thermal analysis stepwise methods for determination of sedimentary organic matter
Authors: Frangipane Gretel , Pistolato Mario , Molinaroli Emanuela , Guerzoni Stefano , Tagliapietra Davide
Published: September 2008

Loss on ignition (LOI) is a widely used method to estimate organic matter (OM) in the sediment of marine and freshwater ecosystems. Thermogravimetric‐differential thermal analysis (TG‐DTA) of organic species provides information on thermal reactions, the amount and properties of clay structural water, organic species and carbonates.

The accuracy of LOI compared with that of TG‐DTA was evaluated in 33 sediment samples from the Lagoon of Venice (Italy).

In all tests conducted with TG‐DTA the mass loss of OM and the loss of clay structural water (LCSW) from oxidized samples were measured. The mass loss of OM at 350°C (TG‐DTA 350 OM) and the total extraction of organic matter at 567°C (TEOM) calculated from the difference between natural state samples and oxidized samples highlight the presence of both thermally labile and thermally stable substances.

The grain size data of sediment samples from the Lagoon shows a variable distribution between slightly muddy sand and mud. Loss of clay structural water at 350°C (LCSW 350) and total extraction of clay structural water at 567°C (TECSW) both estimated by TG‐DTA on oxidized samples, were found to correspond approximately to 6% and 10%, respectively of the clay fraction (<4 µm). This percentage may be used to correct LOI measurements of OM in sediments with high clay content.

LOI 350 (loss on ignition at 350°C) and LOI 550 (loss on ignition at 550°C) proved to be ∼80% and ∼200%, respectively, of total extraction of mass loss at 350°C (TG‐DTA 350 tot) and at 567°C (TEML) estimated by TG‐DTA on natural samples, meaning that the LOI 550 value represents a significant overestimate. The difference between the LOI 550 and TEML values indicates that the mass loss excess (MLE) may be accounted for by losses due to breakdown of carbonates.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Post‐release movements and habitat use of robust redhorse transplanted to the Ocmulgee River, Georgia
Authors: Grabowski Timothy B. , Jennings Cecil A.
Published: September 2008

Robust redhorse Moxostoma robustum is an imperiled, potadromous fish in the south‐eastern USA. Initial recovery efforts have focused on supplementing existing populations and establishing refugial populations through extensive stocking programmes. However, assessment of the success of these programmes has not yet been conducted, and there are few reports evaluating the effectiveness of such programmes with other potadromous species.

Radio telemetry was employed to assess the effectiveness of a stocking programme aimed at addressing whether stocked individuals would remain in an area free of introduced predators and ascertaining the ability of stocked fish to integrate into a resident population.

Hatchery‐reared robust redhorse were captured from refugial populations established in other river systems and were transferred to the Ocmulgee River, Georgia where a population of hatchery‐reared individuals and an unknown number of wild fish reside.

These transferred robust redhorse exhibited an exploratory phase for the first 3 months before adopting behaviour patterns, including spawning migrations, that were consistent with those reported for wild fish in other systems. However, some individuals seemed unable to locate suitable spawning habitat.

Approximately half of the radio‐tagged fish remained within the area free of introduced predators.

At least some radio‐tagged robust redhorse fully integrated into the resident population as evidenced by their presence in spawning aggregations with resident individuals.

The effectiveness of a stocking programme is dependent upon the ability of stocked individuals to integrate into an existing population or replicate the behaviour and functionality of a resident population. Evaluations of stocking programmes should incorporate assessments of behaviour in addition to surveys to estimate abundance and survivorship and genetic assessments of augmentation of effective population sizes.

Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.