bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Giammatteo, Mabel; Gubitosi, Patricia y Parini, Alejandro. (Eds.). (2017). El español en la red
Authors: Saravia Sonia
Published: January 2025

Mabel Giammatteo, doctora en Letras por la Universidad de Buenos Aires, se desempeña como profesora titular en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de esa misma institución. Patricia Gubitosi, doctora en Lingüística Hispánica por la Universidad de Houston, es docente en el Departamento de Lenguas, Literaturas y Culturas de la Universidad de Massachusetts Amherst. Por su parte, Alejandro Parini, graduado de la Universidad de Leicester (Reino Unido), es actualmente director de la Escuela de Lenguas y Estudios Extranjeros de la Universidad de Belgrano, en Argentina. En este libro, se muestra una recopilación de diversos trabajos acerca de las dinámicas de interacción en medios digitales. Sobre la estructura, es posible identificar cuatro secciones.
Lengua y Sociedad. (2019). Revista del Instituto de Investigación de Lingüística Aplicada (CILA) de la Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas (FLCH) - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
Authors: Pérez Hugo
Published: January 2025

En el periodo de junio-diciembre del 2019, se publicó el segundo número del volumen dieciocho de la revista Lengua y Sociedad. En esta edición se presentaron ocho artículos académicos, los cuales guardan relación con la lógica del lenguaje, la semántica, la fonética articulatoria, el contacto de lenguas, la interferencia lingüística, la convergencia lingüística, la lexicografía y la morfología. Con base en diversos postulados lingüísticos, los autores analizan principalmente aspectos gramaticales de las lenguas asháninka, ashéninka, quechua y aimara, sistemas lingüísticos autóctonos del Perú. La relevancia de estas investigaciones reside en su aporte a la preservación de la identidad cultural y lingüística del país. Asimismo, estos estudios permiten concienciar sobre la importancia de seguir erradicando la discriminación y los prejuicios lingüísticos a fin de que haya una mejor cohesión social. De esta manera, se promueve el respeto a las diversas manifestaciones lingüísticas y a las comunidades indígenas.
Stabilizing Pediatric Patients During Psychiatric Boarding: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Afzal Saira , Gunnison Claire , Rudofker Adam , Esposito Jeremy , Geddings Weston
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Psychiatric boarding has implications for youth, their families, and hospital systems. We undertook a quality improvement (QI) project to address boarding at our institution. We aimed to stabilize patients who were boarding in our emergency department (ED) observation unit and to decrease the percentage of patients admitted to psychiatric facilities.

METHODS

A multidisciplinary team created a stabilization protocol focused on enhancing coping strategies and family communication and providing psychoeducation and safety planning. This program was piloted in a group of patients experiencing boarding beginning in March 2021. Implementing the protocol involved additional staffing, plans for structured daily activities, and enhancements to the electronic health record.

RESULTS

During the baseline period (January 2019-February 2021), 65.7% (n = 498) of encounters in which patients boarded in the ED observation unit resulted in the patient being admitted to a psychiatric facility compared with 49.0% (n = 373) of encounters during the intervention period, reflecting a centerline shift on a statistical process control chart. From March 2021 to May 2022 (intervention period), 159 patients participated in the stabilization protocol across 164 encounters. Compared with similar nonpilot encounters (n = 446) occurring during the same period, pilot encounters (n = 164) were less likely to result in admission to a psychiatric facility (22.6% vs 58.2%) and were more likely to result in the patient being discharged home (75.0% vs 31.4%).

CONCLUSION

This QI project resulted in fewer patients being transferred to inpatient psychiatric care. This program illustrates that medical hospitals can creatively improve care for patients experiencing boarding.
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Decrease Behavioral Health Unit Readmission Rates
Authors: Winner Katherine , Sandberg Kelly , Saia Brandon , Calabro Megan , Blankenship Kelly
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

Youth behavioral health inpatient beds are limited during a time of crisis. Around one-third of youth admitted to a behavioral health unit (BHU) will be readmitted within 1 year of discharge, with 8% to 13% being admitted within 30 days. In one study, they found that more than one-third of patients initially admitted for suicidal ideation or attempt were readmitted within 7 days. Our objective was to decrease 7-day and 30-day readmission rates to our BHU by 20% by May of 2023.

METHODS

We collected baseline data through medical record review for our pediatric BHU readmissions from July 2020 until July 2021. Interventions, such as standardized workflows and checklists, were trialed with Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles beginning October 2021 until November 2022. Performance was analyzed using statistical process control charts (U-charts). Sustainment was tracked through December 2023. Length of stay (LOS) was tracked as a balancing measure. Compliance with our readmission checklist was tracked as a process measure.

RESULTS

Both 7-day and 30-day readmission rates to the pediatric BHU decreased as interventions were initiated and adopted. The rates of patients readmitted within 7 and 30 days decreased from a baseline mean of 5.54 to 2.83 (49%) and 11.52 to 7.38 (36%) per 100 hospitalizations, respectively. The LOS for the BHU decreased from 5.58 to 5.09 days. The readmission checklist was used for 81 out of 83 patients, or 97.5%.

CONCLUSION

Adoption of multiple interventions produced a decrease in readmissions to a pediatric BHU.
Evaluating Young Children With Fractures for Child Abuse: Clinical Report
Authors: Haney Suzanne , Scherl Susan , DiMeglio Linda , Perez-Rossello Jeannette , Servaes Sabah , Merchant Nadia ,   and the COUNCIL ON CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT, Laskey Antoinette , Breen Haney Suzanne , Gottsegen Asnes Andrea , Wyvill Brown Verena , Bird Hoffert Gilmartin Amanda , Girardet Rebecca , Dayzie Heavilin Nancy , Kissoon Natalie , Anne Mohr Bethany , Dinalynn Morgan Patricia , Marie Nienow Shalon , Rosado Norell ,   SECTION ON ORTHOPAEDICS, Abzug Joshua , Yi-Yen Meng , Herman Martin J. , Andras Lindsay , Cruz Aristides , Ho Christine , Karkenny Alexa , Todd Lawrence J. , Scherl Susan ,   SECTION ON RADIOLOGY, Otero Hansel J. , Trinidad Acharya Patricia , Barton Katherine , Benya Ellen , Patrick Brown Brandon , James Daugherty Reza ,   and SECTION ON ENDOCRINOLOGY, Anthony Wintergerst Kupper , Lockwood Lynch Jane , Diane Mastrandrea Lucy , Marie Barker Jennifer , Elizabeth Bethin Kathleen , Ebo Chineze , Jelley David H. , Adkins Marshall Bess ,   and the SOCIETY FOR PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
Published: January 2025

Fractures are common injuries in childhood and can be caused by unintentional injury, medical conditions, and child abuse. Although the consequences of failing to diagnose an abusive injury in a child can be grave, the consequences of incorrectly diagnosing child abuse in a child whose fractures have another etiology are also significant. This report aims to review recent advances in the understanding of fracture specificity, fracture mechanisms, and other medical conditions that predispose infants and children to fracture. This clinical report will aid pediatricians and pediatric care providers in developing an evidence-based differential diagnosis and performing appropriate evaluations when assessing a child with fractures.
La compasión como habilidad socioemocional en la práctica pedagógica
Authors: Sanchez Galindo Sandra Milena
Published: January 2025

La manera en la que se tejen relaciones en el aula de clase puede incidir en la forma en la que el alumnado se acerca al mundo, lo entiende, lo interpreta y lo habita. Por lo tanto, el tipo de vínculo entre docente y estudiante, constituye un elemento crucial para orientar la praxis pedagógica. Ante esto, el objetivo de este ensayo es abordar el concepto de habilidades socioemocionales, enfatizando la compasión y su influencia en la construcción de un ambiente de aula propicio para el bienestar de todos sus integrantes. iiEl texto surge como una valoración de la compasión en el aula, una herramienta para que el profesorado pueda practicar el autocuidado, y, al mismo tiempo, beneficiar a sus estudiantes. De manera que los ambientes educativos puedan ser entornos seguros, que respondan a las necesidades socioafectivas de las prácticas pedagógicas actuales. En virtud de lo expuesto, el enfoque conceptual aborda diferentes posturas sobre el concepto de habilidades socioemocionales, específicamente sobre la compasión. Se realizó una revisión de diversas perspectivas occidentales y orientales, lo que facilita entender el alcance y valorar su posicionamiento teórico y epistemológico, que permite acoger la compasión como un camino que valida otras maneras de ser y de estar. Una actitud compasiva concibe que docente y estudiante abracen la vulnerabilidad, la impermanencia, y el constante movimiento, a través de su propia emocionalidad, de forma que sus intenciones, deseos y acciones sean para beneficio propio y colectivo.
Evaluación y formación en educación física: Concepciones y proyecciones de futuras personas docentes en Colombia
Authors: Stieg Ronildo , Freitas Gama Jean Carlos , Chaverra Fernandez Beatriz Elena , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: January 2025

La evaluación en el contexto de la formación inicial puede servir tanto como un aspecto metodológico como un aporte para comprender los aprendizajes específicos que logra el alumnado en diferentes realidades formativas. Por lo tanto, los aprendizajes durante la Formación Inicial del Profesorado (FIP) deben centrarse en formas de realizar la evaluación que puedan servir como referentes para la futura actividad profesional del personal docente. En este sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las concepciones de evaluación que manifiesta el alumnado de cuatro carreras de FIP en Educación Física en Colombia. Además, se busca comprender qué conocimientos sobre evaluación educativa han adquirido a lo largo del curso y cómo proyectan estos saberes en sus futuras prácticas evaluativas. Este estudio se enmarca en una investigación cualitativa, con la participación de 190 estudiantes de cuatro instituciones colombianas. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un cuestionario aplicado en 2022, y se analizaron las narrativas con el software IRAMUTEQ. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado posee conocimientos sobre diversas concepciones y enfoques de evaluación, así como sus implicaciones para la práctica profesional. Reconocen que para una evaluación efectiva es esencial emplear métodos variados y cualitativos, y que los resultados deben proporcionar información relevante sobre el aprendizaje, al tiempo que fomentan la retroalimentación, la autoconfianza y la socialización. En conclusión, las cuatro carreras de FIP han promovido amplias discusiones sobre el tema, lo que ha permitido que el futuro personal docente desarrolle distinciones conceptuales y reflexione sobre el impacto de cada enfoque evaluativo en la práctica pedagógica.
A desvalorização das licenciaturas na educação superior brasileira: análise do planejamento estratégico dos Institutos Federais
Authors: Neuhold Roberta dos Reis , Pozzer Márcio Rogério Olivato , Pellejero David Cristopher
Published: January 2025

A desvalorização e a crescente perda de prestígio do professorado e da carreira docente são um fenômeno global. A complexa problemática envolve múltiplas dimensões, dentre elas a remuneração e as condições de trabalho, a infraestrutura das escolas, a formação inicial na educação superior e sua desarticulação com a prática, bem como a percepção social da profissão. No Brasil, entre 2007 e 2008, houve um movimento político-administrativo do Ministério da Educação em prol da valorização do magistério. Uma das políticas públicas de maior vulto envolveu a criação dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, tendo 20% de suas vagas reservadas para a formação inicial e/ou continuada do professorado. O objetivo deste trabalho é justamente analisar como essa nova institucionalidade compreendeu o seu compromisso com a formação para o magistério. A partir de metodologia com enfoque misto e caráter correlacional, recorreu a uma pesquisa documental nos Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucional e Estatutos dos 38 Institutos Federais, entre os anos de 2022 e 2023, para mapear o lugar da formação do professorado nas missões, visões e valores dessas instituições, ou seja, na definição de seu propósito central, de seus objetivos futuros e de seus princípios norteadores. Os resultados apontam que a temática não possui centralidade em nenhuma das missões, mas tem tímida presença entre a visão e valores de, respectivamente, três e dois Institutos Federais. A pesquisa conclui que os Institutos Federais não reverteram a corrente lógica do desprestígio das licenciaturas em uma das suas ferramentas de planejamento estratégico.
¿Cómo se relacionan los trastornos del sueño y la depresión? Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Vargas Villalobos Reichell
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo trata sobre la revisión de material académico sobre la relación entre el trastorno depresivo y los trastornos del sueño considerando sus posibles vínculos en términos de causas y síntomas. Se realizó una revisión de 33 artículos seleccionados de diversas bases de datos, la cual reveló una relación bidireccional entre depresión y trastornos del sueño. Factores biológicos, como la disfunción de neurotransmisores y la secreción de melatonina, juegan un papel crucial en ambos. Además, factores ambientales y psicológicos, como el estrés y la ansiedad, también contribuyen a la interrelación entre estas condiciones, asimismo, el consumo de sustancias como alcohol, tabaco, cafeína y ciertos fármacos influyen en el sueño y los síntomas depresivos. En conclusión, la comorbilidad entre el trastorno depresivo y los trastornos del sueño subraya la necesidad de una comprensión integral de ambos para mejorar el diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Acercamiento hermenéutico a la Didáctica de la Lectura y Escritura en Educación Preescolar
Authors: LUGO BUSTILLOS JELLY KATHERINE , Zárraga Lugo Neidys Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

El propósito del estudio fue comprender el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lectura y escritura dirigido por las docentes de un Centro de Educación Inicial ubicado en Paraguaná, Venezuela. Con un diseño de Estudio de Caso de enfoque cualitativo, se utilizó como técnica la entrevista en profundidad apoyada en un guion de entrevista semiestructurado para explorar tres (3) subtemas (Percepción docente sobre los procesos de lectura y escritura, Disposición para aplicar estrategias de lectura y escritura y el Uso de recursos didácticos), aplicado a 5 docentes. La información recabada fue procesada, codificada y categorizada con el apoyo del Software Atlas Ti 9.0 para extraer las redes semánticas y establecer una interpretación profunda del objeto de estudio. Los hallazgos del estudio develan que existen debilidades en cuanto al conocimiento que tienen las docentes sobre los procesos de lectura y escritura y las teorías que lo sustentan, lo cual, incide negativamente en el diseño, ejecución y evaluación de estrategias de mediación de aprendizajes en los estudiantes.
El uso de las TIC en edad preescolar y la educación en una segunda lengua
Authors: De la Hoz Pertuz Margarita Rosa
Published: January 2025

El problema de investigación consistió como usar las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua en el preescolar. El principal objetivo en la investigación fue desarrollar habilidades cognitivas a través del uso de herramientas digitales que conllevan a; localizar contenidos, abrir pantallas interactivas, teclear (escribir), interactuar con la pantalla conocer programas (Windows, Power Point) que contribuyen al desarrollo infantil, permitiéndole al niño aprendizajes significativos.  La metodología empleada consistió en un diseño de teoría fundamentada documentalmente con reflexiones en la praxis docente. Los referentes teóricos se basaron en teorías de la adquisición de una segunda lengua y el aprendizaje centrado en actividades lúdicas. Los principales resultados muestran la pertinencia del uso de entornos digitales en las clases de inglés en el prescolar y que el niño puede interactuar con aplicaciones para aprender inglés. Entre las principales conclusiones se puede destacar que debe fomentarse la importancia que tienen las Tics y su uso en preescolar.  La discusión plantea que las tics en este nivel además de permitir ampliar la gama de recursos y estrategias didácticas en las modalidades de comunicación, acceso a múltiples recursos educativos y entornos de aprendizaje fortalece el conocimiento del infante.
التَّوهُّمُ عندَ عُلماءِ النَّحوِ " دراسةٌ في المصطلحِ والمفهومِ
Authors: الصبيحات شيرين , القراله زيد
Published: January 2025

الملخص
تناولَ هذا البحثُ لفظةَ (التّوهّمِ) عندَ النُّحاةِ في فترةِ ما قبلَ نشوءِ المدارسِ حتَّى استقرارِها بعدَ القرنِ السَّادسِ الهجريِّ، منَ الوجهةِ المعجميَّةِ والاصطلاحيَّةِ والاستعماليَّةِ في كتبِ النُّحاةِ، وقوفًا عندَ تصوُّرِ هؤلاءِ النُّحاةِ للمفردةِ أثناءَ استعمالِهِم لهَا، انطلاقًا منْ مفهومِهَا الاصطلاحيِّ والإجرائيِّ في توضيحِ الخلافِ النَّحويِّ، والتَّعليلِ النَّحويِّ.
وسارَ البحثُ ضمنَ متسلسلةٍ تاريخيَّةٍ في التَّأصيلِ لهذا المَفهومِ انطلاقًا منْ أوَّلِ كتبِ النَّحوِ الّتي وصلتْ إلينا عندَ الخليلِ وتلميذِهِ سيبويه، انتقالًا إلى النُّحاةِ اللّاحقين، في النَّظرِ في المفردةِ منْ قلبِ نقاشاتِهِم للآراءِ النَّحويَّةِ، وللأوجُهِ الإعرابيَّةِ المحتمَلَةِ في الشِّعرِ والقرآنِ الكريمِ، بالاعتمادِ على المنهجِ الوصفيِّ التَّاريخيِّ، وصولًا إلى نتائجَ أهمُها: أنَّ المعنى الاستعماليَّ الأوَّلَ للتَّوهُّمِ هوَ: التَّقديرُ والاجتهادُ في التَّقديرِ. ثمَّ تطوَّرتْ إلى معانٍ أُخرى مثلَ التَّصوُّرِ، والغلطِ والخطأ، وسوءِ التَّقديرِ والفهمِ. وفي كلِّ مرَّةٍ يدخلُ عليها معنًى جديدٌ فإنّها تعبِّرُ عنْ طبيعةِ الخلافاتِ النَّحويَّةِ في ذلكَ العصرِ. وقد انطلقَ البحثُ منَ الاستقراءِ إلى الوصفِ التَّحليليّ.
الكلمات المفتاحية: اللغة، النحو، النّحاة، الوهم، التوهّم، التوهيم، أبو حيّان الأندلسي.
أثرُ التَّكرارِ في قصيدةِ "سما لكَ شوقٌ منْ نوارٍ، ودونَها" للفرزدق -دراسةٌ تطبيقيَّةٌ وظيفيَّةٌ-
Authors: أبو سمهدانة سجى
Published: January 2025

الملخص
تسعى الدِّراسةُ إلى تحليلِ قصيدةِ الفرزدقِ بالتَّركيزِ على مواضعِ التَّكرارِ فيها؛ لأنَّهُ جزءٌ مهمٌّ منْ بناءِ القصيدةِ اللُّغويّ. ويهدفُ التَّركيزُ إلى إبرازِ جماليَّاتِ القصيدةِ الفنيَّةِ والدَّلاليَّةِ والحجاجيَّةِ، وذلكَ برصدِ ظواهرِ التَّكرارِ في القصيدةِ، ثمَّ التَّقديمِ لها تقديمًا نظريًّا، ثمَّ عرضِ مواضعِهِ فيها، ثمَّ دراسةِ القصيدةِ وتحليلِهَا منْ خلالِهَا. فجاءتْ بعنوانِ (أثرُ التَّكرارِ في قصيدةِ "سما لكَ شوقٌ منْ نوارٍ، ودونَها" للفرزدق -دراسةٌ تطبيقيَّةٌ وظيفيَّةٌ-).
وقسَّمْتُ الدِّراسةَ إلى تمهيدٍ وأربعةِ عناوينَ. أمَّا التَّمهيدُ ففيهِ بيانٌ لتوظيفِ التَّكرارِ في فهمِ النُّصوصِ الأدبيَّةِ، وكشفٌ عنْ شعريَّةِ الفرزدقِ وعنْ موضوعاتِ قصيدتِهِ وظواهرِ التَّكرارِ فيها. وأمَّا العنوانُ الأوَّلُ فهوَ تكرارُ الأسماءِ. وأمَّا العنوانُ الثَّاني فهو تكرارُ الحروفِ. وأمَّا العنوانُ الثَّالثُ فهو تكرارُ بداياتِ الجُمَلِ. وأمَّا العنوانُ الرَّابعُ فهوَ تكرارُ الأبنيةِ.
واتَّبعْتُ المنهجَ الوصفيَّ التَّحليليّ، إذ تعقَّبْتُ مواضعَ التَّكرارِ في القصيدةِ بالوصفِ والتَّحليلِ؛ لإبرازِ أبعادِ القصيدةِ الجماليَّةِ والدَّلاليَّةِ والحجاجيَّةِ.
الكلمات المفتاحيَّة: التّكرار، الفرزدق، جماليَّات النَّصّ، الدّلالة، الحجاج.
التَّشديدُ الصَّوتيُّ التَّعويضيُّ في القراءاتِ القرآنيَّةِ: دراسةٌ صوتيَّةٌ
Authors: عمرأوغلو أليف
Published: January 2025

الملخَّص
يتناولُ البحثُ موضوعَ "ظاهرةِ التَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ في القراءاتِ القرآنيَّةِ: دراسةٌ صوتيَّةُ"، ويهدفُ إلى شرحِ مفهومِ التَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ في القراءاتِ، وخصوصًا ظاهرةِ تاءاتِ البزِّيِّ والإبدالِ. كذلكَ تحليلِ أسبابِ وقوعِهِ، وبيانِ أهدافِ استعمالِهِ والنَّتائجِ في الصَّوتِ وبنيةِ الكلمةِ.
أمَّا المنهجُ المتَّبعُ في البحثِ أوَّلًا فهوَ المنهجُ الوصفيُّ، فبُدئ بتعريفِ التَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ، ومكانِهِ في القراءاتِ. كذلكَ ذكرِ الجوانبِ النَّظريَّةِ للمسائلِ المتعلِّقةِ بالتَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ. ثانيًا: اعتمدَ البحثُ على المنهجِ اللُّغويِّ التَّحليليِّ، فتمَّ تحليلُ أمثلةِ التَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ في ظاهرةِ تاءاتِ البزِّيّ والإبدالِ منَ النَّاحيةِ الصَّوتيَّةِ. وقد أبانَ البحثُ عنِ الظَّاهرتَيْنِ اللَّتيْنِ تؤدِّيانِ إلى التَّشديدِ الصَّوتيِّ التَّعويضيِّ، والتَّغيُّراتِ الّتي تطرأُ على الصَّوتِ مع وقوعِهِ. وأوضحَ كذلكَ أغراضَ استعمالِهِ، ووظائِفَه في بُنيةِ الكلمةِ.
والخلاصةُ: التَّشديدُ التَّعويضيُّ مصطلحٌ جديدُ الاستخدامِ، لكنَّ جذورَهُ موجودةٌ عندَ المتقدِّمينَ. ووفقًا للبحثِ فإنَّ التَّشديدَ الصَّوتيَّ قد يردُ في الكلمةِ للتَّعويضِ عن الصَّوتِ المحذوفِ دونَ شرطِ وجودِ علاقةِ التَّشابهِ بينَ المعوَّضِ والمعوَّض منْهُ، وهذا المصطلحُ يظهرُ في تاءاتِ البزّيِّ والإبدالِ.
الكلمات المفتاحيَّة: التَّشديد الصَّوتيُّ التَّعويضيُّ، تحليلٌ صوتيٌّ، القراءات القرآنيَّة، تاءات البزِّيِّ، الإبدال.
الرُّؤيَا في رِوايَاتِ أحمد خالد توفيق
Authors: أبو حليوه لبنى , مقدادي موفق
Published: January 2025

الملخص
يدرسُ هذا البحثُ الرؤيا في رواياتِ أحمد خالد توفيق؛ للكشفِ عن أهمِّ القضايا والمضامينِ الّتي تناولتْها سرديَّاتُهُ وعلاقتِهَا بكينونةِ الإنسانِ وواقعِهِ، كونَها رؤيا تنطلقُ منْ نظرةٍ فاحصةٍ متعمِّقةٍ بتفاصيلِ المجتمعِ وتناقضاتِهِ، وقلقِ الإنسانِ وكبواتِهِ، وتأمُّلِ الذاتِ وعذاباتِهَا. وتضمَّنَ البحثُ مقدمةً وتمهيدًا وثلاثةَ مباحثَ وخاتمةً. تناولَ المبحثُ الأوَّلُ الرؤيا الاجتماعيَّةَ. وتناولَ المبحثُ الثَّاني الرُّؤيا السِّياسيَّةَ. أمَّا المبحثُ الثَّالثُ فقد تناولَ الرُّؤيا الفلسفيَّةَ. ثمَّ خاتمةٌ عرضَتْ أهمَّ نتائجِ البحثِ. وقد اعتمدَ البحثُ المنهجَ الوصفيَّ التَّحليليَّ، وقد خَلُصَ البحثُ إلى أنَّ الرُّؤيا عندَ أحمد خالد توفيق ذاتُ منابعَ واقعيَّةٍ ديستوبيَّةٍ؛ ما أظهرَ قدرتَهُ ونجاعَةَ أساليبِهِ في إنتاجِ نصوصٍ ذاتِ دلالاتٍ تجذبُ المتلقّي.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الرؤيا، أحمد خالد توفيق، الرؤيا الاجتماعية، الرؤيا السياسية، الرؤيا الفلسفية.
Enhancing fatigue resistance and low-temperature performance of asphalt pavements using antioxidant additives
Authors: Hu Yongping , Cheng Xu , Sreeram Anand , Si Wei , Li Bo , Pipintakos Georgios , Airey Gordon D.
Published: January 2025

Ageing results in significant performance deterioration of asphalt, especially in relation to its fatigue and low-temperature performance. This performance deterioration can theoretically be lowered by incorporating antioxidants in asphalt mixtures. Although there are several promising studies that have shown the potential efficacy of antioxidants such as zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDC), no work has comprehensively evaluated its performance. In this regard, ZDC was employed to evaluate its effect as an antioxidant to slow down the ageing related performance deterioration of bitumen and asphalt mixtures. Both ZDC-modified (3% and 5%) and unmodified bitumen and asphalt mixtures were subjected to short-term and long-term ageing. Afterwards, linear amplitude sweep (LAS) tests and low-temperature frequency sweep tests were carried out on the bitumen samples using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Four-point bending (4PB) fatigue tests were carried out at 25 °C, and indirect tensile asphalt cracking tests (IDEAL-CT) were carried out at 25 °C and −10 °C on the various asphalt mixtures. It was seen that properties of long-term aged bitumen and asphalt mixtures measured at low temperature and intermediate temperature could be improved by 13–69% for mixtures and 1–44% for bitumen with the addition of ZDC, compared to the unmodified samples. The ageing-mitigation efficiency of ZDC was more pronounced for the low-temperature performance-based metrics since its performance deterioration rate was significantly reduced. Overall, a comprehensive performance evaluation of the effectiveness of antioxidants at different scales provided robust evidence for the potential extension of this technology to field trials and application.
Stakeholders’ perception influence in competitive heritage place-making: case study India
Authors: Nag Aditi
Published: January 2025

Heritage planning is essential for preserving cultural identity and engaging stakeholders in managing heritage sites. This research examines how stakeholder perceptions influence place-making strategies within competitive heritage planning. It recognises that various stakeholders, including local communities, government agencies, heritage organisations, and private entities, have differing views and interests. Understanding these perceptions is vital for effective place-making. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study involved qualitative and quantitative research, including interviews and focus groups with 1150 stakeholders to assess their perceptions, attitudes, and preferences regarding heritage planning initiatives. Conducted in a competitive context, the research investigates how stakeholder perceptions affect place-making strategies, aiming to enhance understanding of heritage planning. The findings will assist heritage planners and policymakers in decision making, promoting inclusive and participatory approaches that consider diverse perspectives. Ultimately, the goal is to contribute to the sustainable preservation of heritage sites, fostering a sense of place and cultural identity in a competitive planning environment.
Calcium-Sensing Receptor in the Thick Ascending Limb and Renal Response to Hypercalcemia
Authors: Himmerkus Nina , Quintanova Catarina , Bhullar Harneet , van Megen Wouter H. , Deluque Amanda Lima , Skjødt Karsten , Bogdanovic Milos , Bleich Markus , Alexander R. Todd , Dimke Henrik
Published: January 2025

Key Points

The thick ascending limb (TAL) calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) was critical for controlling calcium excretion in response to hypercalcemia but did not alter urinary magnesium excretion.

CASR activation increased urinary calcium excretion by strongly reducing calcium permeability in the TAL.

Activation of the CASR did not affect the driving force generated by transcellular NaCl transport across the TAL.

Background

The parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) controls the release of parathyroid hormone in response to changes in serum calcium levels. Activation of the renal CASR increases urinary calcium excretion and is particularly important when CASR-dependent reductions in parathyroid hormone fail to lower serum calcium. However, the role of the renal CASR in protecting against hypercalcemia and the direct effects of chronic CASR activation on tubular calcium handling remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods

Experimental hypercalcemia was induced using a vitamin D analog (dihydrotachysterol) in mice with Ksp-Cre–dependent deletion of the Casr (Ksp-Casr) in the kidney, with Cre-negative littermates serving as controls (here denoted wildtypes [WT]). Urinary and fecal electrolyte determinations, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, molecular and biochemical evaluation, and in vitro tubule microperfusion were performed in both sexes.

Results

Ksp-Cre–driven Casr deletion strongly reduced CASR abundance in the thick ascending limb (TAL). At baseline, no marked differences were detected in electrolyte handling and tubular permeability characteristics across the TAL. Three days of dihydrotachysterol administration induced hypercalcemia in both WT and Ksp-Casr mice. However, although WT mice developed hypercalciuria, this response was absent in Ksp-Casr mice. Urinary excretion of magnesium and other electrolytes did not differ between hypercalcemic WT and Ksp-Casr mice. Intestinal electrolyte absorption was comparable between the two groups. Microperfusion of isolated cortical TALs revealed no baseline differences in transepithelial voltage, resistance, or ion permeabilities. After hypercalcemia, transepithelial resistance increased and calcium permeability markedly decreased in WT mice, but not in Ksp-Casr mice, with only minor alterations in magnesium permeability and no changes in transepithelial voltage.

Conclusions

In hypercalcemic mice, the absence of the CASR in TAL prevented the increase in urinary calcium excretion. The CASR specifically regulated the paracellular permeability of the TAL, especially for calcium.
Characteristics of Coronary Artery Vulnerable Plaque on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) - A Review Article
Authors: Kishan Singh Rawat , Astha Kushwaha , Tarvinder Bir Singh Buxi , Anurag Yadav , Samarjit Singh Ghuman , Arun Mohanty , Varun Holla
Published: January 2025

Background: The most common cause of sudden coronary deaths is atherosclerotic plaque rupture and subsequent coronary artery thrombosis. Plaques that have high risk features are called vulnerable plaques, and are the precursor of acute coronary events and are characterized by a large necrotic core and a thin fibrotic cap in histopathology. Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) is a clinically established tool for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, evaluation of coronary artery stenosis and characterization of the plaque. OCT has emerged as the most accurate imaging modality for the evaluation of intracoronary Thin Cap Fibroatheroma (TCFA).
Methods: We performed a thorough online search of full text articles on characteristics of vulnerable plaque on CCTA and OCT in English literature. After doing a critical appraisal a comprehensive review has been described.
Conclusion: In this review we have described the features of vulnerable plaque like napkin ring sign, low attenuation index and positive remodeling index on CCTA with simultaneous evaluation of thin cap fibroatheroma on OCT.
El paralelismo entre los sistemas de información y el constructivismo social desde una perspectiva bibliotecológica
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Guadarrama Sánchez Hugo Alberto
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de los sistemas de información desde la teoría del constructivismo social. El objetivo de la investigación se enfoca en identificar la relación que existe entre el constructivismo social y los sistemas de información. La metodología se conforma por una revisión bibliográfica de diferentes textos recuperados en la web y en algunas bases de datos con el propósito de integrar diferentes visiones de acuerdo con los autores consultados, quienes abordan el tema de las interacciones sociales en los sistemas de información. De acuerdo con los resultados, la relación nuclear entre los sistemas de información y el constructivismo social se simplifica en un vínculo sociotécnico presentado desde el entorno hacia el sistema y viceversa, pues se trata de un flujo basado en las necesidades de información, que tiene como enlace la mediación entre el usuario y el responsable de los servicios de información.
Petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the leucogranites in southernmost Finland
Authors:   Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Saukko Anna , Nikkilä Kaisa ,   Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Eklund Olav ,   Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Fröjdö Sören ,   Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Väisänen Markku ,   Department of Geography and Geology, University of Turku, Finland
Published: January 2025

In the southernmost part of the Svecofennian province in Finland, leucogranites and
migmatites stemming from both igneous and sedimentary protoliths reflect the complex
magmatic history of the Svecofennian orogeny between 1.89 and 1.82 Ga. Although
the migmatites and leucogranites in southernmost Finland display similar ages as
their counterparts elsewhere in the Southern Finland Subprovince, they differ in field
appearance and composition. Field and petrographical observations reveal K-feldspar
megacrysts of varying sizes in the migmatized early Svecofennian (c. 1.89–1.87 Ga)
supracrustal rocks and granitoids. Whole-rock geochemical analyses likewise display
anomalously high K-contents in the early Svecofennian granitoids. Zircon U-Pb dating
of migmatites and related leucogranites shows that a late Svecofennian partial melting
event occurred at 1.84–1.82 Ga, possibly in several pulses. The morphological features
of the migmatites as well as neosome mineralogy indicate a formation mechanism
different from the dehydration melting prevalent elsewhere in the Subprovince.
Detrital zircon geochronology of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks from Jämsä, Central Finland
Authors:   Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio, Mikkola Perttu , Kurhila Matti ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Huhma Hannu ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo
Published: January 2025

In this short communication, we present new detrital single grain zircon U-Pb data
for six metasedimentary rock samples from Jämsä, Central Finland. Four samples
are from the southern parts of the Central Finland granitoid complex and two from
metasedimentary rocks mixed with the volcanic belts bordering it to the south. Based
on the obtained results, the detrital zircon populations of all the samples are similar,
i.e. they are bimodal with peaks at 2.05–1.95 Ga and 2.90–2.70 Ga. The maximum
depositional ages of the individual samples are interpreted as 1.93–1.90 Ga. Thus, the
zircon populations are similar to both the Pirkanmaa migmatite belt, which borders the
granitoid complex to the south, and the lowermost members of the volcano-sedimentary
Tampere group to the west from our study area. The results further strengthen the
similarities between the volcano-sedimentary successions in Tampere and Jämsä
areas. Similarities between the detrital zircon populations within, and south of the
Central Finland granitoid complex need to be taken into account in further refinements
of regional tectonic models.
Using equivalent keratometric readings in calculating the optical power of a multifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Boiko Ernest V. , Petrosyan Yurii M. , Shukhaev Sergei V. , Molodkin Anton V.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Modern keratotopography allows calculating Equivalent Keratometer Readings (EKR), which take additionally into account in keratometry the radius of curvature of corneal posterior surface, and this could lead to more accurate calculation of the spherical equivalent (SE) of the intraocular lens.
AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of calculating the SE of multifocal intraocular lens according to EKR data, depending on the formula used and the corneal zone.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study included 78 patients who underwent femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification, multifocal intraocular lens implantation and achievement of the target refraction at different distances. Retrospective calculation of the optical power of the intraocular lens was performed using biometric data from OA-2000 and EKR (zones from 0.5 to 5 mm in increments of 0.5 mm) using 10 formulas (SRK/T, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Barrett 2 Universal, Olsen, Kane, EVO, Hill RBF). For each combination of keratometry zone/formula were calculated: mean error of predicted refraction (ME), its difference from zero, and after intraocular lens constant optimization — mean (MAE) and median (MedAE) absolute errors, standard deviation (SD).
RESULTS: Up to the 2.5 mm zone, ME is shifted towards hypermetropia, and from the 3 mm zone, ME begins to shift towards myopia according to all formulas. Minimal MAE, MedAE and SD values were detected in peripheral corneal zones (3–5 mm) for most formulas. The best indicators were demonstrated by the formula Haigis in zones 3.5–5 mm.
CONCLUSIONS: The most accurate calculation of the SE of a multifocal intraocular lens using EKR is possible when using the Haigis formula in 3.5–5 mm zones.
Features of visual field changes in patients with degenerative optic neuropathies
Authors: Simakova Irina L. , Kulikov Alexei N. , Tikhonovskaya Irina A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Degenerative optic neuropathies are one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. The most accessible and effective methods of their early diagnosis are standard and non-standard perimetry.
AIM: The aim of this study is to identify the features of visual field changes in patients with degenerative optic neuropathies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 56 patients (97 eyes) with degenerative optic neuropathies, divided into 3 groups, and the control group consisted of 60 healthy individuals (60 eyes). In addition to the standard ophthalmological examination, all subjects underwent Humphrey visual field testing and Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) perimetry in the author’s modification.
RESULTS: In patients with degenerative optic neuropathies, the sensitivity level of both FDT perimetry strategies turned out to be significantly higher in the detection of primary open-angle glaucoma than in that of multiple sclerosis, and the specificity level was 2 times higher than that of the Humphrey visual field testing. The data of the variance analysis showed that the results of FDT perimetry reliably separate patients with degenerative optic neuropathies from healthy individuals, but it is not always possible to determine the type of optic neuropathy.
CONCLUSIONS: Both threshold strategies of FDT perimetry are more effective in detecting optic neuropathy in primary open-angle glaucoma than in multiple sclerosis in terms of sensitivity. They have higher specificity than Humphrey perimetry, which indicates the advantage of FDT perimetry in separation between healthy people and patients with degenerative optic neuropathies, and not only of glaucomatous nature. The moderate and reliable correlation between the MD indices of all three strategies of perimetry indicates the expediency of their integrated use for early diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma.
Analysis of the surgical treatment results of large idiopathic macular holes using tamponade with internal limiting membrane flaps and platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Shchukin Andrey D. , Veryasova Anastasia G. , Gnatyuk Yury V. , Smirnov Oleg B.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Penetrating macular holes of the retina remain today one of the main reasons for a significant loss of central vision, especially in working age patients. At the same time, the mainstream problem are the validity and effectiveness of treatment of large and giant macular holes with a diameter of more than 500–1000 µm.
AIM: to optimize the treatment method for patients with large and long-standing macular holes. To analyze the results of treatment of patients with this condition.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2023, 56 patients were operated on for idiopathic large macular hole. During vitrectomy, a new surgical technique was used for the macular hole bed tamponade with flaps of the internal limiting membrane in combination with the introduction of platelet-rich plasma.
RESULTS: After the resorption of the gas-air mixture (1–1.5 months after surgery), ophthalmoscopically and according to optical coherence tomography data, closure of the macular hole was observed in 51 of 56 operated patients, which amounted to 91.1%.
CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment technique used allows for closure of large macular holes in 91.1%.
Comparative analysis of clinical and functional results of sublamellar keratoablation using solid-state and excimer laser devices
Authors: Maychuk Nataliya V. , Tikhov Alexander V. , Takhchidi Khristo P. , Sarkhadov Nazir Sh. , Malyshev Ilya S.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: The most popular method of keratorefractive surgery is sublamellar valve technology. It is known that excimer laser systems, which are widely used and are the gold standard in keratorefractive surgery, have a number of disadvantages. Alternative sources of UV radiation generation are solid-state laser systems, in particular the domestic Olimp 2000/213 laser, which previously had no experience in femto-assisted sublamellar surgery.
AIM: To evaluate clinical and functional results of correction of mild, moderate and high myopia using sublamellar keratomileusis technology, performed using the Schwind Amaris 1050 rs excimer laser and the Olimp 2000/213 solid-state ablative laser.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 190 patients (190 eyes) with stationary myopia were examined and operated on. The follow-up period was 1 year after surgery. The main group consisted of patients who underwent myopia correction using sublamellar keratoablation technology using a solid-state laser Olimp 2000/213 — 92 eyes. The control group consisted of patients after FemtoLASIK, in whom ablation was performed using a Schwind Amaris 1050 rs laser (98 eyes). A comparative analysis was carried out according to modern criteria for refractive surgery.
RESULTS: 190 patients (190 eyes) with stationary myopia were examined and operated on. The follow-up period was 1 year after surgery. The main group patients underwent myopia correction using sublamellar keratoablation technology using a solid-state laser Olimp 2000/213 — 92 eyes. The control group consisted of patients after FemtoLASIK correction, in whom ablation was performed using a Schwind Amaris 1050 rs laser (98 eyes). A comparative analysis was carried out according to modern criteria for refractive surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the clinical and functional results of myopia correction using the technology of sublamellar keratoablation, performed using the Olimp 2000/213 solid-state ablative laser and the Schwind Amaris 1050 rs excimer laser, showed a high comparability of the technologies.
Examining the Sexual Assault Grievance Process Through the Lens of Title IX
Personnel on College Campuses
Authors: Law Kate
Published: January 2025

Institutions of higher education (IHEs) have been federally mandated to prevent
and respond to reports of sexual violence on campus via Title IX for over 30
years as the trauma that results from campus sexual assault is considered
prohibitive to accessing education. Yet, students may not be the only parties
harmed when sexual violence is perpetrated. Title IX personnel tasked with
responding to campus sexual assault are also at risk of experiencing the
negative effects of campus sexual assault in fulfillment of their job. The
purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how Title IX personnel talk
about their experiences working with students who report being the victim of
campus sexual assault. Through semi-structured interviews, I inquired into
whether Title IX personnel described instances of secondary traumatic stress
(STS) and institutional betrayal (IB) while fulfilling the duties of their role
on a college campus. The data supports that all participants described examples
of STS as a result of their work, which was exacerbated by institutional action
or inaction. These results support the need for Title IX personnel to be
recognized as staff who can experience STS as a result of their work, such as
law enforcement and counselors. Implications for the study reference the need
for further study that includes these professionals, as well as intentional
practices institutions can take to protect staff from the harmful effects of
listening to reports of trauma.
О СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИИ ПРАВОВОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ ТРУДА ИНВАЛИДОВ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Кожихин А.П. , Плакхин М.И.
Published: January 2025

Проведен анализ нововведений в правовой защите труда инвалидов, произошедших в российском законодательстве в последние годы, выделены существующие проблемы и сформулированы отдельные предложения в этой области с учётом современных условий проведения специальной военной операции и возможной трудовой и иной реабилитации её участников. Обоснование предложений связано с их практической значимостью в целях повышения эффективности государственной поддержки лиц, признанных инвалидами, в соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации, и дальнейшего совершенствования такой поддержки.

The article focuses on the innovations in the sphere of legal protection of work of disabled persons in the Russian legislation for the recent years. The article highlights the present problems and formulates some proposals in this field taking into account the current conditions of special military operation and possible labor rehabilitation of its participants. The proposals are grounded due to their practical importance in order to increase the effectiveness of state support for persons recognized as disabled according to the legislation of the Russian Federation and improve such support.
Features of NeuN Expression in the Cingulate Cortex of the Cerebral Hemispheres of Mice After Administration of Escherichia Coli Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Venediktov A. A.
Published: January 2025

The aim was to observe changes in NeuN expression in the cingulate cortex of the cerebral hemispheres of mice after intraperitoneal administration of various doses of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Material and methods. The study was conducted on 12 C57Bl/6 mice, which were injected intraperitoneally at the same time for 4 days with saline (control group) or E. coli LPS in one of the following doses: 0.5 mg/kg/day (1st group), 1 mg/kg/day (2nd group) or 2 mg/kg/day (3rd group). Brain sampling was performed in animals and histological preparations with a 5 µm thickness were made and stained with antibodies to the NeuN. The number of NeuN-expressing cells in the cingulate cortex of the cerebral hemispheres, in the Cg1 area/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, was counted. The data were also statistically processed. Results. In immunohistochemical study, the number of neurons expressing NeuN in the 1st group (LPS at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day) was 8226.9±336.94 cells per 1 mm2, in the 2nd group (LPS at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day) – 7889.4±211.83 cells per 1 mm2, in the 3rd group (LPS at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day) – 7039.7±580.42 cells per 1 mm2, in the control group – 9985.6±576.75 cells per 1 mm2. Immunofluorescent study revealed no difference between the samples. Conclusion. When LPS is administered intraperitoneally to mice for 4 days at doses of 0.5–2 mg/kg/day, the expression of NeuN, a marker of mature neurons, decreases. The data obtained can be used to create a model of age-related neurodegeneration.
Unknown Santiago Ramon y Cajal
Authors: Alexeeva N T. , Shevchenko A. A. , Klochkova S. V. , Sokolov D. A. , Nikityuk D. B.
Published: January 2025

The research of Ramon y Cajal (1852–1934), which laid the foundations of modern neuroscience in the 19th century, remains relevant today. His most cited work is the two-volume manual “The Structure of the Nervous System of Human and Vertebrates”, which has not been translated into Russian. In 2024, it will be 120 years since the publication of this two-volume encyclopedic work, as well as 90 years since the death of Santiago Ramon y Cajal. This article is dedicated to these memorable dates and is devoted to an overview of the main events in the personal and scientific life of this neuromorphologist, artist, philosopher and scientific methodologist.