bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of oxazolidinones through ring-opening and annulation of vinylene carbonate with 2-pyrrolyl/indolylanilines under Rh(iii) catalysis
Authors: Hu Fang-Peng , Zhang Xue-Guo , Wang Meng , Wang He-Song , Huang Guo-Sheng
Published: October 2021

Herein, we have developed a rhodium-catalyzed C–H functionalization and subsequent intramolecular ring-opening/cyclization of vinylene carbonate with 2-pyrrolyl/indolylanilines, which leads to oxazolidinones in moderate to good yields.
A photoelectrochemical biosensor based on methylene blue sensitized Bi5O7I for sensitive detection of PSA
Authors: Xiang Xuelian , Wang Yanlin , Zhang Yanhui , Yuan Ruo , Wei Shaping
Published: October 2021

Bismuth oxyiodide was used as a signal probe to construct a sensitization structure with methylene blue, combined with protein conversion strategy, and a photoelectrochemical biosensor was constructed for detection of prostate-specific antigen.
Copper(i)-catalyzed tandem synthesis of 2-acylquinolines from 2-ethynylanilines and glyoxals
Authors: Wang Guanghui , Jia Jian , Liu Gang , Yu Mingwu , Chu Xiaoxiao , Liu Xiguang , Zhao Ximei
Published: October 2021

A one-step synthesis of 2-acylquinolines using a copper-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-ethynylanilines with glyoxals in the presence of piperidine is described.
Packing polymorphism, odd–even alternation and thermotropic phase transitions in N-,O-diacylethanolamines with varying N-acyl chains. A combined experimental and computational study
Authors: Reddy Soudherpally Thirupathi , Sivaramakrishna Dokku , Mamatha Keerthi , Sharma Manju , Swamy Musti J.
Published: October 2021

Odd–even alternation is observed in the calorimetric properties (Tt, ΔHt and ΔSt) in Nn–O16s, but not in Nn–O15s. This is explained on the basis of differences in terminal methyl group packing.
First-principles study on the electronic structures and contact properties of graphene/XC (X = P, As, Sb, and Bi) van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Hu Xuemin , Liu Wenqiang , Yang Jialin , Zhang Shengli , Ye Yuanfeng
Published: October 2021

The electronic structures and interface characteristics of graphene/XC (X = P, As, Sb, and Bi) vdW heterostructures are investigated systematically using DFT calculations.
Development of a robust immobilized organocatalyst for the redox-neutral mitsunobu reaction
Authors: Zhou Leijie , Perulli Stefania , Mastandrea Marco M. , Llanes Patricia , Lai Junshan , Pericàs Miquel A.
Published: October 2021

An immobilized, recyclable (2-hydroxybenzyl)diphenylphosphine oxide analogue has been synthesized and used in the redox-neutral Mitsunobu inversion of secondary alcohols with nitro substituted benzoic acids (up to 97% yield and 98% specificity).
Developing iron-based anionic redox couples for thermogalvanic cells: towards the replacement of the ferricyanide/ferrocyanide redox couple
Authors: Buckingham Mark A. , Laws Kristine , Cross Edward , Surman Andrew J. , Aldous Leigh
Published: October 2021

Thermogalvanic devices require anionic and cationic species; the rational development of safe(r) iron-based anionic redox couples was explored.
Acenaphthene-triphenylamine (acceptor–donor) based luminophores for organic light emitting diodes: combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Tagare Jairam , Kajjam Aravind Babu , Singh Kasturi , Patel Sabita , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar
Published: October 2021

A series of acenaphthene derivatives were designed and synthesized by incorporating acenaphthene-imidazole as an electron-transporting moiety and triphenylamine (TPA) as a hole-transporting moieties. All the dyes showed a broad bluish-white to yellowish-orange emission with emission maxima in the range of 520–600 nm.
Mononuclear Mn complexes featuring N,S-/N,N-donor and 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane ligands: synthesis and electrocatalytic properties
Authors: Kaim Vishakha , Kaur-Ghumaan Sandeep
Published: October 2021

Mononuclear Mn(i) carbonyl complexes incorporating 2-mercaptobenzothiazole or 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and phosphaadamantane ligands were evaluated as electrocatalysts for the HER both in acetonitrile and acetonitrile/water.
Enhanced analytical and physical characterization of mixtures of random bay-position chlorinated boron subnaphthalocyanines enabled by an established partial separation method (a part 2)
Authors: Holst Devon P. , Bender Timothy P.
Published: October 2021

A previously reported separation method for bay position halogenated boron subnaphthalocyanines was applied for the investigation of the influence of bay position chlorination.
Digestive ripening yields atomically precise Au nanomolecules
Authors: Eswaramoorthy Senthil Kumar , Dass Amala
Published: October 2021

Atomically precise Au nanomolecules yielded through digestive ripening establishes that regardless of the pathway, both DR and Brust methods lead to the formation of atomic precise Au NMs.
Metal-free oxidative decarbonylative halogenation of fused imidazoles
Authors: Singh Davinder , Tali Javeed Ahmad , Kumar Gulshan , Shankar Ravi
Published: October 2021

An efficient strategy has been developed for the deformylative halogenation of carbaldehyde imidazo-fused heterocycles in the presence of TBHP controlled by temperature.
Constructing electronic interconnected bimetallic selenide-filled porous carbon nanosheets for stable and highly efficient sodium-ion half/full batteries
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Xiao , Tai Linlin , Shen Chunping , Yang Jun , Sun Chencheng , Geng Hongbo , Zuo Xiaobing
Published: October 2021

Owing to their large theoretical capacity and relatively high electronic conductivity, transition metal selenides have been investigated as potential anodes for energy storage applications.
Flexible electrodes with high areal capacity based on electrospun fiber mats
Authors: Xu Qian , Wu Chenghao , Sun Xitong , Liu Haiyan , Yang Hao , Hu Han , Wu Mingbo
Published: October 2021

The ever-growing portable, flexible, and wearable devices impose new requirements from power sources.
Gating the photoactivity of azobenzene-type ligands trapped within a dynamic system of an M4L6 tetrahedral cage, an M2L2 metallocycle and mononuclear MLn complexes
Authors: Cecot Piotr , Walczak Anna , Markiewicz Grzegorz , Stefankiewicz Artur R.
Published: October 2021

Complexation of metal ions by a ligand bearing a azobenzene linker yielded two types of complexes: an [M2L2]4+ metallocycle and an [M4L6]8+ tetrahedral cage, which can be further converted into libraries of mononuclear [M(L′/L′′)n]2+ species.
Rapid detection of thioredoxin reductase with a fluorescent probe via a Tag-Sec method
Authors: Ma Junyan , Xu Yaoyu , Zhao Wen , Wang Beibei , Zhang Chunhuan , Zhang Zhenxing
Published: October 2021

A Tag-Sec fluorescent probe was designed that could detect both thioredoxin reductase and selenocysteine with high sensitivity, selectivity, broad pH tolerance and good water solubility.
Impact of germination on the chemical profile of HomChaiya rice wort and beer
Authors: Noonim Paramee , Venkatachalam Karthikeyan
Published: October 2021

An alcoholic beverage from malted HomChaiya rice was produced and various chemical profiles and sensory characteristics were studied.
Simultaneous determination of four phenolic acids in traditional Chinese medicine by capillary electrophoresis-chemiluminescence
Authors: Yang Shuopeng , Han Yanzhen , Wang Kairui , Wang Yu , Li Liping , Li Nan , Xu Xiangdong
Published: October 2021

Chlorogenic, ferulic, vanillic, and caffeic acids are phenolic acids found in natural drugs.
A cationic thorium–organic framework with triple single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation peculiarities for ultrasensitive anion recognition
Authors: Li Zi-Jian , Lei Min , Bao Hongliang , Ju Yu , Lu Huangjie , Li Yongxin , Zhang Zhi-Hui , Guo Xiaofeng , Qian Yuan , He Ming-Yang , Wang Jian-Qiang , Liu Wei , Lin Jian
Published: October 2021

A cationic thorium–organic framework displaying unprecedented triple single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations has been developed, allowing for ultrasensitive and selective sensing of iodate.
Cross-dehydrogenative N–N couplings
Authors: Tabey Alexis , Vemuri Pooja Y. , Patureau Frederic W.
Published: October 2021

For more than a century, the dehydrogenative formation of N–N bonds has remained mostly confidential. Several cross-dehydrogenative N–N coupling methods have appeared recently, promising a soon to come broad applicability of the concept.
Type I macrophage activator photosensitizer against hypoxic tumors
Authors: Yang Guang , Lu Song-Bo , Li Chong , Chen Feng , Ni Jen-Shyang , Zha Menglei , Li Yaxi , Gao Ji , Kang Tianyi , Liu Chao , Li Kai
Published: October 2021

The photosensitizer-triggered macrophage-mediated photodynamic immunotherapy is reported. The TPA-DCR NPs induce the ICD of hypoxic tumor by generating type I ROS to polarize macrophage, then promote tumor infiltration of T cells.
Fe3C doped modified nano-Si/C composites as high-coulombic-efficiency anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lu Jijun , Liu Junhao , Gong Xuzhong , Wang Zhi
Published: October 2021

A strategy of Fe3C doping to modify nano-Si/C composites is proposed. When used as a lithium-ion battery anode, it exhibits ultra-high coulombic efficiency and cycle stability.
Metal fuel production through the solar carbothermal reduction of magnesia: effect of the reducing agent
Authors: Berro Youssef , Kehrli Damaris , Brilhac Jean-François , Balat-Pichelin Marianne
Published: October 2021

The production and recycling process of metal fuels, as clean transport fuels, through the carbothermal reduction of magnesia using solar energy and charcoal as sustainable sources.
Tailoring high-temperature stability and electrical conductivity of high entropy lanthanum manganite for solid oxide fuel cell cathodes
Authors: Shi Yinchun , Ni Na , Ding Qi , Zhao Xiaofeng
Published: October 2021

Optimum (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Ca0.2Sr0.2)MnO3 exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance to elemental segregation and chemical compatibility with 8YSZ while maintaining good electrical conductivity.
Lithiophilic Sb surface modified Cu nanowires grown on Cu foam: a synergistic 1D@3D hierarchical structure for stable lithium metal anodes
Authors: Fu Xuelian , Shang Chaoqun , Zhou Guofu , Wang Xin
Published: October 2021

A hierarchical structured 1D@3D-Cu/Sb Li host with a large specific surface area and good lithiophilicity was fabricated to achieve dendrite-free Li deposition and improve the long-term cycling stability of a Li metal anode.
Recent advances in carbon substrate supported nonprecious nanoarrays for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Wang Changshui , Yan Bing , Chen Zhenzhao , You Bo , Liao Ting , Zhang Qian , Lu Yizhong , Jiang Shaohua , He Shuijian
Published: October 2021

A summary of synthetic strategies, catalytic performance, current challenges, and future prospects is provided for nanoarray catalysts constructed on free-standing carbon substrates for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
In optimized rubrene-based nanoparticle blends for photon upconversion, singlet energy collection outcompetes triplet-pair separation, not singlet fission
Authors: Bossanyi David G. , Sasaki Yoichi , Wang Shuanqing , Chekulaev Dimitri , Kimizuka Nobuo , Yanai Nobuhiro , Clark Jenny
Published: October 2021

Conversion of near-infrared photons to visible light in rubrene based systems is made 20x more efficient when mixed with 0.5% wt DBP. This is not because singlet fission in rubrene is supressed, but because of reduced triplet losses.
Influences of oxygen source and substrate temperature on the unusual growth mechanism of atomic layer deposited magnesium oxide using bis(cyclopentadienyl)magnesium precursor
Authors: Wang Bo Wen , Choi Jinwoo , Kim Hyoung Gyun , Hyun Seung Dam , Yoo Chanyoung , Kim Seungsoo , Lee Hoin , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: October 2021

This work reveals the unusual MgO ALD growth behaviours as a function of sequence time and substrate temperature, with H2O and O3 as oxygen source, respectively.
Graph representation learning for structural proteomics
Authors: Fasoulis Romanos , Paliouras Georgios , Kavraki Lydia E.
Published: October 2021

The field of structural proteomics, which is focused on studying the structure–function relationship of proteins and protein complexes, is experiencing rapid growth. Since the early 2000s, structural databases such as the Protein Data Bank are storing increasing amounts of protein structural data, in addition to modeled structures becoming increasingly available. This, combined with the recent advances in graph-based machine-learning models, enables the use of protein structural data in predictive models, with the goal of creating tools that will advance our understanding of protein function. Similar to using graph learning tools to molecular graphs, which currently undergo rapid development, there is also an increasing trend in using graph learning approaches on protein structures. In this short review paper, we survey studies that use graph learning techniques on proteins, and examine their successes and shortcomings, while also discussing future directions.
Cognitive Measures and the Acceptable Noise Level
Authors: Hedrick Mark , Stigers Abbey , Grayless Brittany , Plyler Patrick , Bolden Jenn , Springer Cary
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The aim of this study was to determine the relation between the acceptable noise level (ANL) and cognitive measures of auditory attention and working memory.

Design:

Young adults were administered the following tests: the ANL, the Digit Span and Letter–Number Sequencing subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition, the Auditory Attention subtest from the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), and the operation span (OSPAN) test. A correlation matrix was constructed using Pearson coefficients.

Study sample:

Twenty-four young adults aged 20–29 years with normal hearing participated in the study.

Results:

No significant relationships were found among the ANL and the different cognitive tasks, nor was there a significant relation found between the ANL and the HINT. However, significant relationships were found between individual cognitive tasks. There was a significant relation found between selective attention and the most comfortable level of presentation of a story.

Conclusion:

Selective attention may be a key cognitive function in acceptance of background noise.
Hybrid‐adaptive differential evolution with decay function applied to transmission network expansion planning with renewable energy resources generation
Authors: Zhang Xuexia , Wang Xiaomei
Published: October 2021

As the country implements the reform of the electricity market and a large number of renewable energy resources (RES) are connected to the grid, the model and algorithm of traditional transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) are not suitable. A model of TNEP is built, in which the investment cost of new lines and the market‐based annual congestion surplus are selected as objective functions. A probabilistic DC power flow method is used to describe uncertainties of RES generation. A new algorithm, Hybrid‐Adaptive Differential Evolution with Decay Function (HyDE‐DF), is applied to solve the model of TNEP for the first time. Analysis and comparison in the IEEE 18‐bus system and the 52‐bus system in an area of Sichuan Province prove the feasibility, effectivity, and practicability of the model and solving algorithm. Some comparisons are performed using other variants of Differential Evolution (DE) and a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to demonstrate the performance superiority of the new algorithm and new application. It is worth mentioning that in the 52‐bus system of an area of Sichuan Province, the investment cost obtained by the new algorithm is at least one or two orders of magnitude lower than other algorithms.
Compact dual‐layer substrate‐integrated waveguide bandpass filters with controllable transmission zeros
Authors: Liu Qing , Wei Jinjin , An Na , Tang Min , Zhang Dewei , Zhou Dongfang
Published: October 2021

A design method for compact substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters (BPF) with controllable finite transmission zeros (FTZs) is proposed in this work, which is realised by a dual‐layer SIW structure with two single‐mode SIW cavities in the upper substrate and one dual‐mode SIW cavity in the lower substrate. A basic dual‐layer SIW BPF in box‐section coupling scheme is proposed and analysed. Two FTZs can be produced for the bypass couplings between the diagonal cross‐coupling paths. To enhance the cross‐coupling strength, a magnetic coupling window between the two single‐mode SIW cavities is designed. To further improve the selectivity of passband, a frequency‐dependent coupling is designed between the two single‐mode SIW cavities to produce an additional FTZ. Characteristics of the proposed dual‐layer SIW filters with controllable FTZs are analysed. For the demonstration, some design examples with the centre frequency of 7.5 GHz and bandwidth of 240 MHz are presented, and two design examples are fabricated to verify the performance of the proposed design method for compact dual‐layer SIW filters with controllable FTZs.
Sky–ground wave signal separation in enhanced Loran based on Levenberg–Marquart algorithm
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhu , Liu Jiangfan , Zhang Jinsheng , Xi Xiaoli
Published: October 2021

This study proposes a high‐precision algorithm used in enhanced Loran sky–ground wave separation based on the Levenberg–Marquart algorithm. The simulation results show that, compared with the existing algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this study has higher accuracy, especially in the case of a low signal‐to‐noise ratio. Furthermore, when the skywave of enhanced Loran has at least a 35 μs time delay compared with the groundwave, the performance of the algorithm is significantly better than that of other algorithms. Analysis of an actual signal showed that the average correlation coefficient was greater than 99% and that the signal was successfully separated.
The Villafranca catalog of Galactic OB groups
Authors: Maíz Apellániz J. , Barbá R. H. , Fernández Aranda R. , Pantaleoni González M. , Crespo Bellido P. , Sota A. , Alfaro E. J.
Published: October 2021

Context.This is the second paper of a series on Galactic OB groups that uses astrometric and photometric data fromGaiaand spectral classifications from the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS) and the Library of Libraries of Massive-star high-Resolution spectra (LiLiMaRlin). The previous paper was based on the secondGaiadata release (DR2). Since then, the early thirdGaiadata release (EDR3) has appeared with new astrometry and photometry.

Aims.The two aims of this paper are to revise the results for the sample from Paper I usingGaiaEDR3 data and to expand the sample of analyzed stellar groups to 26, from Villafranca O-001 to Villafranca O-026.

Methods.We used GOSSS to select Galactic stellar groups with O stars and an updated version of the method in Paper 0 of this series, combiningGaiaEDR3 G +GBP+GRPphotometry, positions, proper motions, and parallaxes to assign memberships and measure distances. We present 99 spectra from GOSSS and 32 from LiLiMaRlin for stars in the analyzed groups or in their foreground.

Results.We derived distances to the 26 stellar groups with unprecedented precision and accuracy, with total (random plus systematic) uncertainties lower than 1% for distances within 1 kpc and of ∼3% around 3 kpc, which are values almost four times better than forGaiaDR2. We provide homogeneous spectral types for 110 stars and correct a number of errors in the literature, especially for objects in Villafranca O-023 (Orion nebula cluster). For each group, we discuss its membership and present possible runaway and walkaway stars. At least two of the studied groups, Villafranca O-O12 S in NGC 2467 and Villafranca O-014 NW in the North America nebula, are orphan clusters in which the most massive stars have been ejected by dynamical interactions, leaving objects with a capped mass function. The existence of such clusters has important consequences for the study of the initial mass function (IMF), the distribution of supernova explosions across the Galaxy, and the population and dynamics of isolated compact objects. We fit pre-main-sequence (PMS) isochrones to the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of four clusters to derive ages of 2.0 ± 0.5 Ma for Villafranca O-026 (σOrionis cluster), 4 ± 2 Ma for Villafranca O-016 (NGC 2264), 5.0 ± 0.5 Ma for Villafranca O-021 (NGC 2362), and 8 ± 2 Ma for Villafranca O-024 (γVelorum cluster).
Paraffin As a Phase Change Material to Improve Building Performance: An Overview of Applications and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement Techniques
Authors: Al-Yasiri Qudama , Szabó Márta
Published: October 2021

In recent years, phase change materials (PCMs) have increasingly received attention in different thermal energy storage and management fields. In the building sector, paraffin as a phase change material (PPCM) has been introduced as an efficient PCM incorporated in a building envelope, which showed remarkable results. However, the poor thermal conductivity of PPCM is still the topmost drawback in experimental and numerical investigations. In this paper, a general assessment of paraffins, their common uses and applications, have been presented with a particular focus on their potential in building envelope applications. Moreover, the general and desired properties of PPCM are highlighted and evaluated. The primary practical limitation of PPCM of poor thermal conductivity and their effect on PPCM performance is presented and discussed. Correspondingly, the popular techniques applied to improve the poor thermal conductivity are presented and discussed in four categories: the dispersion of nanoparticles, expanded graphite, metallic foam, and extended surfaces technique (fins). All in all, the analysed research works indicated that PPCM based building envelope applications could remarkably improve the thermal performance of buildings in terms of thermal load reduction, energy-saving and thermal comfort. Furthermore, the adoption of enhancement techniques is essential to improve the thermal performance of PPCM in building applications for better utilisation. This review provides a clear vision for the newcomers and interested parties about the main application aspects of PPCM in the building sector for further investigations towards technology commercialisation.
Video Consultation for Parents with a Child Newly Diagnosed with Type
1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Doerdelmann Jana , Frielitz Fabian-Simon , Lange Karin , Meinsen Tanja , Reimers Sandra , Ottersberg Tanja , Katalinic Alexander , Hiort Olaf , von Sengbusch Simone
Published: October 2021

Aims With the exception of the coronavirus pandemic, video consultations
have not been a part of the standard care for children with diabetes in Germany.
The "Virtual Diabetes Outpatient Clinic for Children and Adolescents
2.0" (VIDIKI 2.0) study investigated the effect of monthly and
supplementary video consultations on standard care over one year. The
qualitative substudy investigated the experiences of families with a child newly
diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who received at least four weekly
supplementary video consultations.

Methods Guideline-based qualitative interviews were conducted with seven
families with children under the age of eight and T1DM onset shortly before
study entry. The answers were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis
approach, particularly inductive category formation.

Results Families of patients with T1DM onset have questions, almost daily,
concerning various aspects of insulin therapy. The offer of high-frequency video
consultations can reduce the number of trips to the diabetes team, facilitate
the organization of daily life and increase the sense of security.

Conclusion Video consultations as a supplementary offer of health care,
especially after diabetes onset, were considered very helpful by the affected
families. High-frequency video consultations may provide a tool to overcome
existing deficiencies in specialized diabetes care.
Complement Activation Fragments in Cervicovaginal Fluid Are Associated with Intra-Amniotic Infection/Inflammation and Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Hong Subeen , Lee Se Jin , Kim Yu Mi , Lee Young Eun , Park Yehyon , Kim Hyeon Ji , Park Kyo Hoon
Published: October 2021

Objective We sought to determine whether the levels of complement and other inflammatory and angiogenic mediators in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) are independently associated with intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) and imminent spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB, £48 hours of sampling) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Study Design This was a retrospective study consisting of 85 singleton pregnant women with PPROM at 200/7 to 336/7 weeks. Amniotic fluid (AF) obtained via amniocentesis was cultured and assayed for interleukin-6. CVF samples collected at the time of amniocentesis were assayed for complement C3a, C4a, and C5a, HSP70 (heat shock protein 70), M-CSF (macrophage colony-stimulating factor), M-CSF-R (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-receptor), S100 A8, S100 A9, thrombospondin-2, VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor), and VEGFR-1 (vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor 1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that elevated CVF concentrations of complement C3a, 4a, and 5a were significantly associated with an increased risk of IAI and imminent SPTB, whereas those of M-CSF were associated with IAI, but not imminent SPTB (p = 0.063), after adjustment for baseline covariates (e.g., gestational age at sampling). However, univariate, and multivariate analyses showed that the CVF concentrations of angiogenic (thrombospondin-2, VEGF, and VEGFR-1) and inflammatory (HSP70, M-CSF-R, S100 A8, and S100 A9) proteins were not associated with either IAI or imminent SPTB.

Conclusion In women with PPROM, elevated CVF concentrations of complement C3a, C4a, and C5a are independently related to an increased risk of IAI and imminent SPTB. These findings suggest that complement activation in CVF is significantly involved in mechanisms underlying preterm birth and in the host response to IAI in the context of PPROM.

Key Points
Clinical Outcomes of a False-Positive Antenatal Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Salmanian Bahram , Shamshirsaz Amir A. , Fox Karin A. , Asl Nazlisadat Meshinchi , Erfani Hadi , Detlefs Sarah E. , Coburn Michael , Espinoza Jimmy , Nassr Ahmed , Belfort Michael A. , Clark Steven L. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A.
Published: October 2021

Objective Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is critical to reduce maternal morbidity. While clinical outcomes of women with PAS have been extensively described, little information is available regarding the women who undergo cesarean delivery with a presumptive PAS diagnosis that is not confirmed by histopathologic examination. We sought to examine resource utilization and clinical outcomes of this group of women with a false-positive diagnosis of PAS.

Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of patients with prenatally diagnosed PAS cared for between 2015 and 2020 by our multidisciplinary PAS team. Maternal outcomes were examined. Univariate analysis was performed and a multivariate model was employed to compare outcomes between women with and without histopathologically confirmed PAS.

Results A total of 162 patients delivered with the preoperative diagnosis of PAS. Of these, 146 (90%) underwent hysterectomy and had histopathologic confirmation of PAS. Thirteen women did not undergo the planned hysterectomy. Three women underwent hysterectomy but pathologic examination did not confirm PAS. In comparing women with and without pathologic confirmation of PAS, the false-positive PAS group delivered later in pregnancy (34 vs. 33 weeks of gestation, p = 0.015) and had more planned surgery (88 vs. 47%, p = 0.002). There was no difference in skin incision type or hysterotomy placement for delivery. No significant difference in either the estimated blood loss or blood components transfused was noted between groups.

Conclusion Careful intraoperative evaluation of women with preoperatively presumed PAS resulted in a 3/149 (2%) retrospectively unnecessary hysterectomy. Management of women with PAS in experienced centers benefits patients in terms of both resource utilization and avoidance of unnecessary maternal morbidity, understanding that our results are produced in a center of excellence for PAS. We also propose a management protocol to assist in the avoidance of unnecessary hysterectomy in women with the preoperative diagnosis of PAS.

Key Points
INOVASIA Study: A Randomized Open Controlled Trial to Evaluate Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia and Its Effects on sFlt1/PlGF Levels
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham Aldika , Yosediputra Angelia , Pratama Raditya E. , Fadhilah Nur L. , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Amani Fariska Z. , Ernawati Ernawati , Dachlan Erry G. , Angsar Muhammad D. , Dekker Gus
Published: October 2021

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pravastatin to prevent preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE and the maternal and perinatal outcomes and the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor (sFlt1/PlGF) ratio.

Study Design This is an open-labeled randomized controlled trial (RCT), a part of INOVASIA (Indonesia Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia study) trial. Pregnant women at a high risk of developing PE were recruited and randomized into an intervention group (40) and a control group (40). The inclusion criteria consisted of pregnant women with positive clinical risk factor and abnormal uterine artery Doppler examination at 10 to 20 weeks' gestational age. The control group received low dose aspirin (80 mg/day) and calcium (1 g/day), while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20-mg twice daily) starting from 14 to 20 weeks' gestation until delivery. Research blood samples were collected before the first dose of pravastatin and before delivery. The main outcome was the rate of maternal PE, maternal–perinatal outcomes, and sFlt-1, PlGF, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, and soluble endoglin (sEng) levels.

Results The rate of PE was (nonsignificantly) lower in the pravastatin group compared with the control group (17.5 vs. 35%). The pravastatin group also had a (nonsignificant) lower rate of severe PE, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets) syndrome, acute kidney injury, and severe hypertension. The rate of (iatrogenic) preterm delivery was significantly (p = 0.048) lower in the pravastatin group (n = 4) compared with the controls (n = 12). Neonates in the pravastatin group had significantly higher birth weights (2,931 ± 537 vs. 2,625 ± 872 g; p = 0.006), lower Apgar's scores < 7 (2.5 vs. 27.5%, p = 0.002), composite neonatal morbidity (0 vs. 20%, p = 0.005), and NICU admission rates (0 vs. 15%, p = 0.026). All biomarkers show a significant deterioration in the control group compared with nonsignificant changes in the pravastatin group.

Conclusion Pravastatin holds promise in the secondary prevention of PE and placenta-mediated adverse perinatal outcomes by improving the angiogenic imbalance.

Key Points
Effect of Hearing Aid Technology Level on New Hearing Aid Users
Authors: Hausladen Jennifer , Plyler Patrick N. , Clausen Bailee , Fincher Ashton , Norris Sarah , Russell Teresa
Published: October 2021

Abstract Background Hearing aid manufacturers offer several different levels of technology that vary in sophistication and cost. It would stand to reason that higher technology hearing aids would provide greater benefit in the daily life of the user; however,
research does not support this assumption for all users. Recent research in experienced hearing aid users indicated noise acceptance and satisfaction for speech in a large group were significantly improved when using the premium devices and suggested noise acceptance may be useful when comparing
hearing aid technology levels. Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hearing aid technology level on listener outcome measures for new hearing aid users. Research Design A repeated measures, single-blinded research design was utilized.
Study Sample Twenty-four adults with no previous hearing aid experience were recruited using flyers posted at the University of Tennessee Audiology Clinic and on social media (19 males, 5 females). The average age of the participants was 61 years (48‐81 years). Data
Collection and Analysis Participants completed two, 4-week trial periods using Unitron T Moxi Fit FLEX:TRIAL devices programmed with basic or premium technology. Following each trial, laboratory evaluations were conducted using the QuickSIN, Hearing in Noise Test (HINT), and the Acceptable
Noise Level (ANL). Subjective data was obtained using the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Short Form, satisfaction ratings, and preference. Data was analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Speech perception results did not reveal significant
differences between technology level on the HINT or QuickSIN; however, ANL was significantly improved for the premium devices. Subjective results revealed significantly improved satisfaction for speech in a large group and overall preference when using premium technology. Conclusion Group
data revealed similar outcomes between technology levels on most measures; however, noise acceptance, satisfaction for speech in a large group, and overall preference were significantly improved when using the premium devices. Individual characteristics such as noise acceptance, age, and degree
of hearing loss may be useful when comparing hearing aid technology levels for new hearing aid users.
Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Hessami Kamran , Morain Stephanie , Afshar Yalda , Nassr Ahmed A. , Arian Sara E. , Asl Nazlisadat Meshinchi , Aagaard Kjersti
Published: October 2021

Objective This meta-analysis aimed to assess the level of intent to receive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and demographical factors influencing vaccine uptake among pregnant individuals.

Study Design PubMed, Scopus, and archive/pre-print servers were searched up to May 22nd, 2021. Cross sectional surveys reporting the percentage of the pregnant individuals intending to get a COVID-19 vaccine were considered eligible for meta-analysis. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021254484). The primary outcome was to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination intent among pregnant population. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the factors influencing the intention for vaccination.

Results Twelve studies sourcing data of 16,926 individuals who were identified as pregnant were eligible. The estimated intention for the receipt of COVID-19 vaccine among women who were pregnant was 47% (95% CI: 38–57%), with the lowest prevalence in Africa 19% (95% CI: 17–21%) and the highest in Oceania 48.0% (95% CI: 44.0–51.0%). Uptake of other vaccines (influenza and/or TdaP) during pregnancy was associated with higher rate of intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.37–6.73; p = 0.006).

Conclusion The intent to receive COVID-19 vaccine is relatively low among women who are pregnant and substantially varies based on the country of residence. In our meta-analysis, intent of women who were pregnant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was significantly associated with the history of receiving influenza or TdaP vaccine during pregnancy. Given that in every country only a minority of gravidae have received the COVID-19 vaccine, despite known risks of maternal morbidity and mortality with no evidence of risks of vaccination, it highlights the importance of revised approaches at shared decision making and focused public health messaging by national and international advisories.

Key Points
Extraparotid Warthin Tumors Imitating Metastasis of Oral Cancers
Authors: Gontarz Michał , Gąsiorowski Krzysztof , Bargiel Jakub , Marecik Tomasz , Szczurowski Paweł , Zapała Jan , Wyszyńska-Pawelec Grażyna
Published: October 2021

Introduction Extraparotid Warthin tumor (WT) is a very rare entity, especially when synchronous with oral cancer (OC).

Objective The present study presents a case series of extraparotid WTs detected in the surgical specimen of patients treated for OC.

Methods From 2007 to 2016, 336 patients were operated for OC in our institution. Neck dissection was performed in 306 patients.

Results In the 306 patients operated for OC whose necks were dissected, unexpected WTs were observed in 4 surgical neck specimens. In 3 cases, extraparotid WTs were responsible for tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) overstaging before surgery.

Conclusion Extraparotid WTs may be discovered during neck dissection in ∼ 1% of OC patients, and they may mimic neck metastasis, especially in positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.
Short-Term Outcomes in Neonates and Preterm Infants with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Acquired Postpartum
Authors: Karabay Meltem , Toptan Hande
Published: October 2021

Objective There are limited data regarding the hospital and postdischarge course of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in newborns. This study aimed to present the data of such cases in newborns.

Methods We retrospectively evaluated the predischarge and postdischarge records of newborns followed-up in the neonatal intensive care unit between June 2, 2020, and April 30, 2021 and who had positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19.

Results Eleven newborns had positive PCR tests for COVID-19 during the study period. The prenatal COVID-19 PCR test of the mothers of the newborns was negative. The cases with a postnatal age of 10 to 60 days according to chronological age were hospitalized due to positive COVID-19 PCR test. Either or both the parents of these cases were severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR positive on nasopharyngeal swab obtained simultaneously. All breast milk samples were negative for COVID-19 virus. The mean D-dimer value of the cases was 3,430 µg FEU/L at the time of hospitalization and 307 µg FEU/L after discharge. None of the cases were given any specific antiviral treatment. The cases were discharged with full recovery. No rehospitalizations or deaths occurred during the 3-month follow-up after discharge.

Conclusion In most COVID-19 newborns, the disease was transmitted by infected parents, and the course of the infection was either asymptomatic or associated with only mild symptoms. No complications or deaths were observed during the 3-month follow-up after discharge.
A Study on Burden of Prehypertension in Youth (or Pediatric Hypertension) in West Bengal, India
Authors: RoyChoudhury Sourav , Nayek Kaustav , Saha Jinia
Published: October 2021

Hypertension is a silent threat to the developing countries in recent times. The aim of this article was to determine the burden of prehypertension and hypertension among school-going children and the risk factors associated with those conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going children (6–18 years) in seven schools of Burdwan, West Bengal, India, selected by stratified random sampling from March 2017 to August 2018. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were obtained along with sociodemographic parameters. Prehypertension and hypertension were defined as per American Pediatric Society's definition. Mean age of the study population was 11.3 ± 3.8 years (n = 604). Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was estimated to be 5% and 4.6%, respectively. Both prehypertension and hypertension were more common among children aged > 15 years (10.3% and 15.5%). In logistic regression, the independent determinants of hypertension were higher socioeconomic condition, increasing age, obesity, increased intake of junk food, parental hypertension, and obesity among first-degree relatives. Proper preventive measures are the need of the hour to tackle the emerging epidemic at its root. Periodic measurements of blood pressure at regular intervals are advisable at community levels to recognize high-risk children, control obesity, and prevent irreversible end organ damages.
Delayed Complications following Dermal Filler for Tear Trough Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trinh Lily Nguyen , McGuigan Kelly C. , Gupta Amar
Published: October 2021

Tear trough deformity is a popular target for the treatment with filler injections. The side effects are generally mild and transient. However, delayed complications may occur. We aim to perform a thorough systematic review of the published literature related to delayed complications after tear trough filler injections. A search of published literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in June 2021 and included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used included the following terms: delayed complications, nodules, granulomas, swelling, discoloration, dermal filler, hyaluronic acid (HA), polyacrylamide, calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), eyelid, periorbital, periocular, and tear trough. Twenty-eight articles consisting of 52 individual cases were included in the final analysis. 98% (51/52) of patients were female and had an average age of 48.3 years. HA was the most reported product (71.2%, 37/52), followed by PLLA (4/52, 7.7%), and CaHA (4/52, 7.7%). The most common delayed complication with any dermal filler was swelling (42.3%, 22/52) followed by lumps or nodules (25.0%, 13/52). Xanthelasma-like reaction (17.3%, 9/52), migration (7.7%, 4/52), discoloration (3%, 3/52) also occurred. The average time of onset of any complication was 16.8 months with xanthelasma-like reaction appearing soonest (mean: 10 months) and discoloration appearing latest (mean: 52 months). Most swelling cases were caused by HA. Semi-permanent fillers such as PMMA and synthetic fillers such as PLLA were more likely to be associated with lumps and nodules than other complications. It is important that clinicians who perform tear trough augmentation with dermal fillers have a thorough understanding of the risks of the procedure to diagnose and manage them promptly as well as provide patients with accurate information regarding the potential adverse effects.
Evolution of family systems and resultant socio-economic structures
Authors: Itao Kenji , Kaneko Kunihiko
Published: October 2021

Families form the basis of society, and anthropologists have observed and characterised a wide range of family systems. This study developed a multi-level evolutionary model of pre-industrial agricultural societies to simulate the evolution of family systems and determine how each of them adapts to environmental conditions and forms a characteristic socio-economic structure. In the model, competing societies evolve, which themselves comprise multiple evolving families that grow through family labour. Each family has two strategy parameters: the time children leave the parental home and the distribution of inheritance among siblings. The evolution of these parameters demonstrates that four basic family systems emerge; families can become either nuclear or extended, and have either an equal or strongly biased inheritance distribution. Nuclear families in which children leave the parental home upon marriage emerge where land resources are sufficient, whereas extended families in which children staying at the parental home emerge where land resources are limited. Equal inheritance emerges where the amount of wealth required for a family to survive is large, whereas strongly biased inheritance emerges where the required wealth is small. Furthermore, the frequency of polygyny is low in the present model of agricultural societies, whereas it increases for the model of labour-extensive subsistence patterns other than agricultural societies. Analyses on the wealth distribution of families demonstrate a higher level of poverty among people in extended families, and that the accumulation of wealth is accelerated in families with strongly biased inheritance. By comparing wealth distributions in the model with historical data, family systems are associated with characteristic economic structures and then, modern social ideologies. Empirical data analyses using the cross-cultural ethnographic database verify the theoretical relationship between the environmental conditions, family systems, and socio-economic structures discussed in the model. The theoretical studies made possible by this simple constructive model, as presented here, will integrate the understandings of family systems in evolutionary anthropology, demography, and socioeconomic histories.
Water-resistant and stretchable conductive ionic hydrogel fibers reinforced by carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Mei , Ma Ming-ming , Zhang Ning
Published: October 2021

Conductive ionic hydrogels (CIH) have been widely studied for the development of stretchable electronic devices, such as sensors, electrodes, and actuators. Most of these CIH are made into 3D or 2D shape, while 1D CIH (hydrogel fibers) is often difficult to make because of the low mechanical robustness of common CIH. Herein, we use gel spinning method to prepare a robust CIH fiber with high strength, large stretchability, and good conductivity. The robust CIH fiber is drawn from the composite gel of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In the composite CIH fiber, the soft PAAS presents good conductivity and stretchability, while the rigid CMC significantly enhances the strength and toughness of the PAAS/CMC fiber. To protect the conductive PAAS/CMC fiber from damage by water, a thin layer of hydrophobic polymethyl acrylate (PMA) or polybutyl acrylate (PBA) is coated on the PAAS/CMC fiber as a water-resistant and insulating cover. The obtained PAAS/CMC-PMA and PAAS/CMC-PBA CIH fibers present high tensile strength (up to 28 MPa), high tensile toughness (up to 43 MJ/m3), and good electrical conductivity (up to 0.35 S/m), which are useful for textile-based stretchable electronic devices.
Insights into interface mechanism of three typical antibiotics onto the graphene oxide/chitosan composite: Experimental and theoretical investigation
Authors: Huo Ying-zhong , Guo Ruo-xuan , Lin Ke-xin , Ai Yue-jie
Published: October 2021

The general application of antibiotics has brought a series of negative impacts on human health and the environment, which has aroused widespread public attention to their removal from aqueous systems. In this study, a chitosan (CS)-linked graphene oxide (GO) composite (GO-CS) was synthesized by a modified hummers/solvothermal method. It was separated from the mixed aqueous phase by low-speed centrifugation, thereby endowing the GO with high separation efficiency in water. The adsorption of tetracycline (TC), norfloxacin (NOR), and sulfadiazine (SDZ) by GO-CS were then studied by experimental techniques and theoretical calculations. In batch experiments at 298 K and optimal pH, the adsorption capacities of TC, NOR, and SDZ were 597.77, 388.99, and 136.37 mg/g, respectively, which were far better than those of pristine graphene oxide. The spectra results illustrated that the adsorption process was mainly contributed by the interactions between antibiotics and functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups) of GO-CS. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations showed that electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds were of vital importance for the uptake of the antibiotics; the former was extremely important for TC adsorption. This research provides theoretical references for the removal of antibiotics by graphene-based composite materials, thus offering their promising application in environmental remediation.