bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Overall Survival of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer through Multiagent Chemotherapy and Increased Rates of Surgical Resection
Authors: Nicolais Laura M. , Mohamed Abdimajid , Macgillivray Dougald , Verdini Nicholas , Inhorn Roger , Dugan Matthew , Hayward Cynthia M. , Fitzgerald Timothy L.
Published: June 2023

Background

Seminal trials have demonstrated improved survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma with novel multiagent chemotherapy regimens. To understand the clinical ramifications of this paradigm shift, we reviewed our institutional experience.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study utilized a prospective database at a single institution to study all patients diagnosed with and treated for pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2020.

Results

1,572 patients were included of which 36% were diagnosed before (Era 1) and 64% after (Era 2) 2011. Survival improved in Era 2 (Median survival 10 vs 8 months, HR .79; P < .001). The survival advantage for Era 2 was primarily seen in patients with high-risk disease (12 vs10 months, HR .71; P < .001). A similar trend was noted for patients undergoing surgical resection (26 vs 21 months, HR .80; P = .081) and with imminently resectable tumors (19 vs 15 months, HR .88; P = .4); however, this was not statistically significant. There was no survival advantage for patients with stage IV disease (4 vs 4 months). Patients in Era 2 were more likely to undergo surgery (OR 2.78; CI 2.00-3.92, P < .001). This increase was driven primarily by increased surgical resection for those with high-risk disease (42 vs 20%, OR 3.74; P < .001).

Discussion/Conclusions

This single institutional study showed improved survival after the shift to novel chemotherapy regimens. This was driven by improved survival for patients with high-risk disease and may be due to more effective eradication of microscopic metastatic disease with adjuvant chemotherapy and increased resection rates.
Assessment of Predictive Value of SYNTAX-II Score for Adverse Cardiac Events and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Yuksel Yasin , Yildiz Cennet , Kose Sennur
Published: June 2023

Prognostic information is important for the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Our aim was to evaluate Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score-II (SSII) for predicting contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) and one-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in ACS patients. Coronary angiographic recordings of 1304 ACS patients were retrospectively examined. Predictive values of SYNTAX score (SS), SSII-percutaneous coronary intervention (SSII-PCI), SSII-coronary artery bypass graft (SSII-CABG) scores for CIN and MACE were assessed. Combination of CIN and MACE ratios constituted primary composite end-point. Patients with SSII-PCI scores >32.55 were compared with patients with lower scores. All of the three scoring systems predicted the composite primary end-point [SS: Area under the curve (AUC): .718, P < .001 (95% CI: .689-.747), SSII-PCI: AUC: .824, P < .001 (95% CI: .800-.849), SSII-CABG: AUC: .778, P < .001 (95% CI: .751-.805)]. Comparison of AUC of receiver operating characteristic curves showed that SSII-PCI score had better predictive value than that of SS and SSII-CABG scores. In multivariate analysis, the only predictor of the primary composite end-point was SSII-PCI score (odds ratio: 1.126, 95% CI: 1.107-1.146, P < .001). SSII-PCI score was a valuable tool for prediction of shock, CABG, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, development of CIN and one-year mortality.
Ongoing Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults
Authors: Can Yusuf , Kocayigit Ibrahim , Kocayiğit Havva , Sarıbıyık Çakmak Betul , Şahinöz Mustafa , Akdemir Ramazan
Published: June 2023

There are limited data on the arterial stiffness changes after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The present study evaluated the changes in arterial stiffness in completely healthy patients who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection using the cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI). The study included 70 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 2020 and June 2021. A cardiac evaluation was carried out, including chest X-ray, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography in all patients. Within the 1st month and 7th month CAVI was measured. Mean age was 37.8 ± 10.0 years, and 41/70 were female. Mean height was 168.6 ± 9.5 cm, mean weight 73.2 ± 15.1 kg, and mean body mass index (BMI) of the group was 25.6 ± 4.2, respectively. CAVI results from the right arm were 6.45 ± .95 at 1-month follow-up and 6.68 ± 1.05 at 7 months follow-up (P = .016) and from the left arm were 6.43 ± 1.0 at 1-month follow-up, 6.70 ± 1.05 at 7-month follow-up (P = .005). Our results showed an ongoing injury in the arterial system after healthy SARS-COV-2 patients during 7 months, as represented by CAVI measurements.
Enumerator Experiences in Violent Research Environments
Authors: Davis Justine M. , Wilfahrt Martha
Published: June 2023

Understanding political and social effects of violence in local populations through public opinion surveys has become increasingly common internationally. Yet while researchers are attuned to possible challenges induced during survey implementation, this work focuses almost uniformly on respondents. This paper considers survey enumerators as critical actors for data collection in violent research settings. We present survey results from 245 enumerators in Côte d’Ivoire to show that their personal feelings of insecurity and exposure to violence while conducting surveys may condition challenges faced and compromises made to gathering data. We shed light on how academic research in violent political settings poses unique security concerns for enumerators, with ramifications for data integrity.
Developing health literacy events: a case study of teachers designing health curricula
Authors: Rumenapp Joseph C , Troiano Beverly , Adams Marcine , Moya Jannette , Lawrence Eva , Razfar Aria
Published: June 2023

Objective:

In response to the question ‘how can teachers develop health literacy events that leverage students’ cultural and linguistic resources’, this study highlights how two teachers developed a culturally and linguistically responsive curriculum that sought to promote health literacy.

Design:

The study details findings from a larger partnership between an urban university and a bilingual urban school in the USA. Researchers and teachers conducted a year-long project oriented towards co-designing a curriculum that integrated students’ cultural and linguistic repertoires with health literacy. Over one academic year, teachers planned, implemented, studied and modified curricular units that drew on students’ cultural and linguistic resources related to health.

Setting:

The study focuses on two Spanish-English bilingual teachers working in a third-grade (8–9 year olds) dual-language classroom in a multilingual urban community in the midwestern USA.

Method:

Data collected included classroom conversations, teacher-researcher and university researcher conversations, classroom work and teacher-derived analytic documents. Data were coded and analysed to understand how teachers made sense of what happened within specific health literacy events to develop a single descriptive case study.

Results:

Three events are focused on demonstrating how teachers developed health literacy by building on students’ pre-existing cultural and linguistic resources. Teachers moved from using teacher-centred forms of nutrition education to using student-developed health content that articulated with health concerns in the community.

Conclusion:

Using a funds of knowledge approach to integrating health literacy into the curriculum, teachers helped students draw on cultural and linguistic resources, building self-confidence, and developing an interest in gathering evidence and presenting health-related findings.
School leadership that supports health promotion in schools: A systematic literature review
Authors: Adams Donnie , Lok Tan King , Sandmeier Anita , Skedsmo Guri
Published: June 2023

Objective:

Schools are important settings for health promotion. In schools, children and adolescents can be reached regardless of their social background, which represents a unique opportunity for promoting health. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of school leadership in initiating and sustaining health promotion; however, efforts to systematically review the influence of school leadership on school health promotion are still lacking. Hence, this paper analyses empirical studies published in scientific journals on school leadership and health promotion in schools.

Design:

Systematic literature review.

Method:

Informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a review was conducted using two main databases: Web of Science and Scopus, which retrieved 51 eligible articles.

Results:

The review of these articles resulted in the identification of seven main themes – school leaders’ health; attitudes, knowledge and behaviour; accountability; support from school leaders; shared leadership approaches; capacity building and parent engagement.

Conclusion:

This systematic literature review expands the literature by highlighting the school leadership factors that promote school health promotion in Oceania, Europe, North America, South America, Africa and Asia continents. Future systematic literature reviews could explore studies and different aspects of health promotion by teachers, especially in the Asian context.
A Study on the Key Elements of Bangladesh’s Vaccine Diplomacy During COVID-19
Authors: Sarker Noor Mohammad , Ghosh Sourav
Published: June 2023

In May 2022, Bangladesh was ranked fifth in a Global Index comprising of 121 countries’ performance of managing the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic. The Index provided Bangladesh with global recognition of its endeavours that aimed at lowering the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases since the mid-2020, in which the country’s vaccine diplomacy played a greater role. In view of that the present study identified the key elements of Bangladesh’s vaccine diplomacy in the context of the pandemic. The study employed the qualitative approach of the social science research, while the data were generated from both primary and secondary sources. The study found that Bangladesh pursued a proactive vaccine diplomacy with a combination of five key elements: identifying the critical areas of intervention, figuring out the volume of internal demand, counting on multiple sources of vaccines, generating diverse source of external funding and making the most use of ‘soft power’ strategy.
Evolution of dielectric properties of Kevlar/epoxy laminated composites after hybridization by naturally woven Coco Nucifera sheaths
Authors: Fakraoui Oumaima , Hammami Helmi , Naveen Jesuarockiam , Jawaid Mohammad , Kallel Ali
Published: June 2023

The present work was undertaken to examine the evolution of interfacial properties of Kevlar/epoxy laminated composites hybridized by naturally woven Coco Nucifera sheath (CNS). Hand lay-up method followed by hot pressing was performed to fabricate our laminated composites. Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) was adopted to investigate the effect of varying CNS fractions (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) on the molecular dynamics and the interfacial adhesion between Kevlar/epoxy and CNS/epoxy. The surface and cross-section morphology of the samples were studied in order to analyze the weaving structures of Kevlar and CNS and the interfaces between epoxy matrix and reinforcements. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were carried out to control the characteristic temperatures and the interactions between the two kinds of fibers (Kevlar and CNS) and the epoxy resin. The BDS results revealed different relaxations: the conduction phenomenon, the primary [Formula: see text] -process and the interfacial polarization, called also MWS polarization, whose dielectric strength [Formula: see text] was calculated using the WinFit software. Hence, Kevlar fibers can be successfully replaced by 25% of CNS natural fibers for advanced structural applications where interfacial adhesion is prime requirement.
Cannabis regulatory system in European Union countries, forensic concept of “doping dose” and medico-legal implications
Authors: Cioffi Andrea , Cecannecchia Camilla , David Maria C , Cipolloni Luigi , Santurro Alessandro
Published: June 2023

Cannabis is the most widely used illicit psychoactive substance in the world. In recent years, in many European Union countries, there has been a decriminalisation of the use and personal possession of cannabis for recreational purposes. There has been a spread of medical cannabis, as well as marketing of cannabis products at low concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-9-THC), the major chemical to which cannabis owes its psychotropic effect. The percentage limit of this substance, only recently set by the European Court of Justice, must be distinguished from the “doping dose” of Delta-9-THC, namely, the dose which causes psychotropic effect in the consumer. Our study analyses and summarises the regulations in the countries of the European Union on the penalisation of recreational cannabis, the legalisation of medical cannabis and limits on percentage of THC imposed locally. Based on the analysis of a recent judgment of the Italian Supreme Court of Cassation, we discuss the importance of the role of the forensic toxicologist in the scientific definition of “doping dose”. The distinction between the doping dose of THC and the percentage of THC contained in the marketed cannabis product is vital when establishing fair punishment in the event of a crime.
Musculoskeletal Injury Prevalence, Pain Perception, and Physical Activity Level Among Brazilian Strength and Cross-Training Practitioners
Authors: de Carvalho Olga Thainá Mendes , da Silva Bruna Augusta Alves , Corrêa Neto Victor Gonçalves , Winchester Jason B. , Marques Neto Silvio Rodrigues , Silva Andressa , Oliveira Alexsandro , Feitosa Fábio , Novaes Jefferson da Silva , Monteiro Estêvão Rios
Published: June 2023

In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, perceived pain, and physical activity level among Brazilian practitioners of strength training (ST) and functional fitness (FF). Participants were 311 men and women who trained in 10 FF training centers and seven ST gyms. Each participant completed surveys of the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, their pain perception, and their physical activity level. A chi square test was used to analyze associations between groups and distributions of injuries. When any significant difference was observed, the difference score was analyzed through the adjusted residual values. Fisher’s exact test was used to determined the associations between musculoskeletal injury prevalence and training modality (FF and ST) and between musculoskeletal injury prevalence and practice frequency (times/wk). To measure the magnitude of association between variables, the Phi coefficient was calculated for 2x2 associations and Cramer’s V was used whenever the distributions were outside this standard. When the dependent variable presented a dichotomous characteristic, an Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated with a confidence interval of 95%. We found a higher musculoskeletal injury prevalence in the axial skeleton ( n = 52; 83.88%) in FF practitioners and in the lower limbs of ST practitioners ( n = 9; 52.96%). When the physical activity level cutoff point was set at 300 minutes per week, there was a significant relationship between physical activity and training modality ( p = 0.005). There was also a significant association between pain perception and musculoskeletal injury ( p < 0.001). Clinical follow-up was a protective factor to being injured (OR = 0.18; CI = 0.06–0.49), and, even after multivariate analysis this significant association was maintained (OR = 0.03; CI = 0.01 – 0.08). Thus, FF practitioners reported more musculoskeletal injuries than STs, and follow-up medical or physical therapy was a protective factor to these injuries. FF practitioners also had a higher level of weekly physical activity weekly than ST practitioners. Functional fitness practitioners may be at a higher risk of injuries than those who participate in traditional strength training.
Distress, Social Support, and Self-Compassion: Relationships With Mental Health Among College Students
Authors: Ross Lisa Thomson , Ross Thomas Patrick
Published: June 2023

This study investigated how distress, conceptualized as an interaction between hassles and stress perceptions, related to mental health, whether the type of distress (social or nonsocial) was consequential, and whether perceived support and self-compassion attenuated these relationships. Students ( N = 185) from a mid-sized university in the southeast completed a survey. Survey questions pertained to hassles and stress perceptions, mental health (i.e., anxiety, depression, happiness, and love of life), perceived social support, and self-compassion. As predicted, students reporting more hassles and stress (both social and nonsocial) as well as those reporting less support and self-compassion, were worse off regarding mental illness and mental wellness. This was observed for both social and nonsocial distress. Although we did not support our hypotheses regarding buffering effects, we found perceived support and self-compassion are beneficial, regardless of hassles and stress levels. We discuss implications for students’ mental health and ideas for future research.
Learning technology beyond positivism and criticism: Reconnecting learning with society through online teaching
Authors: Regmi Kapil Dev
Published: June 2023

In recent years, literatures related to the use of technology for teaching and learning have proliferated, which can be divided into two groups: technology positivism and technology criticism. The technology positivism literatures posit that communities can be created in online platforms whereas the second group of literatures argue that learning technologies can detach learning from human societies. Despite criticisms, creating an online learning community has become the focus of technology positivism literatures whereas the notion of learning society that connected learning with society has disappeared. Drawing on key sociological theories of learning such as constructivism, social cognition, and communicative actions, this paper argues that the notion of learning society is a better alternative of online learning community. It proposes online learning society as an alternative model for online teaching and discusses its three key components: social construction of knowledge, situated cognition and social integration.
CFD analysis on blood flow inside a symmetric stenosed artery: Physiology of a coronary artery disease
Authors: Akhtar Salman , Hussain Zahir , Nadeem Sohail , Najjar I. M. R , Sadoun A.M
Published: June 2023

This research article interprets the computational fluid dynamics analysis on blood flow inside a symmetric stenosed artery. The current problem models the blood flow inside the left coronary artery as having a symmetric stenosis in the central region. A comprehensive physiological examination of coronary artery disease is numerically evaluated by using the computational fluid dynamics toolbox Open-Field Operation And Manipulation. There are no assumptions of mild stenosis taken into account since the considered stenosis has an exactly measured length, height and position, etc. The blood flow problem is modeled for the non-Newtonian Casson fluid with unsteady, laminar, and incompressible flow assumptions. The underlying problem is solved numerically in its dimensional form. A thorough graphical analysis is provided on the blood flow simulations, pressure profile, velocity line graphs, pressure line graphs, and streamlines for the left coronary artery having a symmetric stenosis formation. The considered artery is divided into three sections, i.e. pre-stenosis, post-stenosis, and stenosis region, and the velocity and pressure line graphs are plotted for these considered regions. The graphical illustrations provide a detailed analysis of how the blood flow is affected inside the left coronary artery due to coronary artery disease. These pre- and post-stenosis velocity line graphs reveal two intriguing results: In the pre-stenosis zone, the velocity increases with increasing axial coordinate length, whereas in the post-stenosis region, the velocity decreases with rising axial coordinate length. It is evident that as the flow moves toward the stenosis region, the flow profile rises; yet, after passing through the stenosis zone, the flow profile begins to fall as the flow moves away from the stenosis region.
Current and Future Debates in Video Data Analysis
Authors: Legewie Nicolas M. , Nassauer Anne
Published: June 2023

Video-based social science research is thriving. Across disciplines and topic areas, researchers use twenty-first century video data to gain novel insights into how social processes and events unfold on the ground. In recent years, “video data analysis” (VDA) has emerged as a methodological framework to facilitate this type of video-based research. The special issue “The Present and Future of Video-based Social Science Research: Innovations in Video Data Analysis” presents methodological innovations that speak to some of the most pressing debates around VDA. Contributions showcase the range of disciplines and research fields VDA is used in, from social interactions and collective behavior to neighborhoods, policing, and public health. This introductory article outlines two areas of growth in VDA methodology that the articles of this special issue speak to: taking advantage of scale and detail in VDA, and situating VDA in the canon of research methods.
End-to-end active non-cooperative target tracking of free-floating space manipulators
Authors: Lei Wenxiao , Sun Guanghui
Published: June 2023

Active non-cooperative target tracking is an important ability for free-floating space manipulator (FFSM) systems. Aiming at the difficulty of pose and posture estimation of non-cooperative targets and the complexity of FFSM planning and control, the paper proposed an end-to-end target tracking algorithm using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm. The algorithm uses raw camera images as input and directly outputs the manipulator joint velocities. To deal with the partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP) problem caused by single image input, we combine the soft actor–critic algorithm with recurrent neural networks. Therefore, the velocity information of the target is introduced to transform the task into a fully observable Markov decision-making process (MDP). Our approach is completely data-driven. It avoids the position and posture estimation of non-cooperative target and the complex modeling motion planning process of FFSM. We trained and tested the algorithm by building a simulation environment in CoppeliaSim. The results showed that our approach achieved good results in active non-cooperative target tracking of FFSM systems and demonstrated the great potential of DRL algorithms in solving space tasks.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection, A Risk Factor for Pituitary Apoplexy? A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Hazzi Christina , Villemure-Poliquin Noémie , Nadeau Sylvie , Champagne Pierre-Olivier
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare phenomenon, characterized by a hemorrhagic or ischemic event of the pituitary gland, most often in association with a pituitary lesion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the strain of virus responsible for the internationally recognized global pandemic COVID-19. Multiple clinical manifestations associated with this virus have been described, ranging from asymptomatic, mild flu symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome, end-organ failure leading to death. Cases of patients with concomitant COVID-19 infections and PA are being further recognized in the literature, but the causal association between the 2 entities remains speculative. Objectives: The objectives of this case series are 3-fold: to describe additional cases of patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection and PA (1), to review the current evidence regarding this potential complication associated with a COVID-19 infection (2), and to discuss physiopathological hypotheses, treatments, and prognoses of this newly recognized association (3). Method: We conducted an electronic chart review of patients treated for PA with concomitant COVID-19 infection from March 2020 to December 2021. A literature review was performed using MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase databases to identify other cases of COVID-19-associated PA. Results: From March 2020 to December 2021, 3 patients presented to our center with PA following a symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Two of these patients developed PA symptoms days following the viral infection, whereas the third patient developed PA after a 2-month period. The 2 first patients were managed surgically because of persistent visual symptoms. Results from our literature review yielded 12 other cases of COVID-19-associated PAs. Conclusions: The association between COVID-19 infection and PA has been increasingly reported in the literature. With the addition of the 3 cases described in our article, a total of 15 cases have been published. Many contributing mechanisms may lead to PA following COVID-19 infection. Coagulopathy is probable major contributing cause responsible for hemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland. Our case series provides further arguments that PA may be a direct manifestation of a COVID-19 infection.
Poland as Gilead. Pop culture fiction and performative protests in the era of the pandemic
Authors: Żukiewicz Przemysław , Gerlich Denis
Published: June 2023

The use of iconic popular culture symbols is an increasingly common strategy applied by social protest organizers. The Guy Fawkes mask from the ‘V for Vendetta’ comic book became a symbol of the Anonymous group, and later of the Occupy Wall Street movement. The Salvador Dalí mask, popularized in the ‘La casa de papel’ Netflix series, was used in street protests in Spain and Italy. Motifs taken from the HBO adaptation of ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’ novel gained high visibility in thousands of women’s protests against the introduction of the de facto abortion ban in Poland. Basing on images documenting the Polish protests published in social media, we demonstrate how popular culture symbols are transformed into cultural codes which bridge on-street and online protest actions. This connection has become crucial in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using qualitative visual content analysis, we prepared a classification of the symbols employed. Our contribution to the theory of performative protests is to reveal the importance of analogies with the political series that Polish protesters have used by means of the general connotation: Poland is Gilead.
Impella 5.5 support before, during, and after surgical ventricular septal defect repair: A bridge continuum
Authors: Dimarakis Ioannis , Adcox Mackenzie , Pal Jay D , Khorsandi Maziar
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Post-infarction ventricular septal defect formation remains a formidable mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

Case presentation

We describe the case of a 72-year-old male who was admitted with post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect and cardiogenic shock.

Discussion

Impella 5.5 with SmartAssist as temporary left ventricular assist device provided sufficient support throughout multiple bridging episodes including failed percutaneous repair and subsequent definitive surgical repair. Contemporary management of post-infarction ventricular septal defect is discussed.
Strengthening Relationships to Traditional Foodways: Adapting Food Practices Through Camas Cultivation Experiments on the Fort Hall Indian Reservation
Authors: Fellows Sidney , Hart-Fredeluces Georgia , Brown Nolan , Burnham Morey ,   The Language and Culture Preservation Department
Published: June 2023

Contemporary efforts to strengthen Indigenous food sovereignty can take many forms, some of which may depart from traditional food gathering practices. Common camas ( Camassia quamash) is a wild-gathered geophyte that served as a staple food for Indigenous Peoples prior to colonialism. Because the abundance of camas has declined and gathering areas are difficult to access, this project sought to increase Shoshone-Bannock Tribal citizen access to camas by experimenting with ways to grow camas locally. We also held events that provided an opportunity for Tribal citizens to interact with camas. Strengthening relationships with camas in these ways not only can enhance the health of Indigenous communities because of camas’ nutritional value, but also because renewing practices and values associated with camas brings Indigenous Peoples together to redefine and assert their nationhood. Our team of authors includes Tribal- and university-affiliated professionals and students who worked collaboratively to develop this project. We evaluated how different growing conditions and seed sources influence camas cultivation. We found that soil type, stratification setting, and seed source significantly affected seed percent germination. While cold-moist stratifying seeds in a controlled setting in potting soil generally led to the highest percent germination, soil type interacted with seed source, suggesting some degree of local adaptation across gathering areas. Transplanted bulbs had high survival rates, suggesting both seeds and bulbs as viable options to increase local access to camas. This project contributes to our understanding of camas ecology while also demonstrating one approach to help strengthen traditional foodways through Tribal-university partnerships.
MRI-based radiomics model for distinguishing Stage I endometrial carcinoma from endometrial polyp: a multicenter study
Authors: Shen Liting , Du Lixin , Hu Yumin , Chen Xiaojun , Hou Zujun , Yan Zhihan , Wang Xue
Published: June 2023

Background

Patients with early endometrial carcinoma (EC) have a good prognosis, but it is difficult to distinguish from endometrial polyps (EPs).

Purpose

To develop and assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics models for discriminating Stage I EC from EP in a multicenter setting.

Material and Methods

Patients with Stage I EC (n = 202) and EP (n = 99) who underwent preoperative MRI scans were collected in three centers (seven devices). The images from devices 1–3 were utilized for training and validation, and the images from devices 4–7 were utilized for testing, leading to three models. They were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and metrics including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Two radiologists evaluated the endometrial lesions and compared them with the three models.

Results

The AUCs of device 1, 2_ada, device 1, 3_ada, and device 2, 3_ada for discriminating Stage I EC from EP were 0.951, 0.912, and 0.896 for the training set, 0.755, 0.928, and 1.000 for the validation set, and 0.883, 0.956, and 0.878 for the external validation set, respectively. The specificity of the three models was higher, but the accuracy and sensitivity were lower than those of radiologists.

Conclusion

Our MRI-based models showed good potential in differentiating Stage I EC from EP and had been validated in multiple centers. Their specificity was higher than that of radiologists and may be used for computer-aided diagnosis in the future to assist clinical diagnosis.
Oximetry at admission as a predictor of tomographic and functional impairment after 3–6 months in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Villar Pedro Maximink Esteves , Mendes Paulo Roberto Araújo , Kiyota Tatiana Alves , Engleitner Henrique Alcântara , Tamesawa Carolina Salem , Morello Mayara Magalhães , Basso Nayara Nobre , Arruda Lucas Fileti , Vian Bruna Scharlack , Ratti Lígia dos Santos Roceto , de Oliveira Laís Bacchin , Lima Ana Lucia Cavallaro Baraúna , Ceccato Hugo Dugolin , Silva Julian Furtado , Villalba Wander de Oliveira , Conterno Lucieni de Oliveira , Resende Mariângela Ribeiro , Pereira Mônica Corso
Published: June 2023

Objective

To investigate characteristics that may be associated with radiologic and functional findings following discharge in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

This single-center, prospective, observational cohort study comprised patients aged >18 years who were hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia, between May and October 2020. After 3 to 6 months of discharge, patients were clinically evaluated and underwent spirometry, a 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and chest computed tomography (CT). Statistical analysis was performed using association and correlation tests.

Results

A total of 134 patients were included (25/114 [22%] were admitted with severe hypoxemia). On the follow-up chest CT, 29/92 (32%) had no abnormalities, regardless of the severity of the initial involvement, and the mean 6MWT distance was 447 m. Patients with desaturation on admission had an increased risk of remaining CT abnormalities: patients with SpO2 between 88 and 92% had a 4.0-fold risk, and those with SpO2 < 88% had a 6.2-fold risk. The group with SpO2 < 88% also walked shorter distances than patients with SpO2 between 88 and 92%.

Conclusion

Initial hypoxemia was found to be a good predictor of persistent radiological abnormalities in follow-up and was associated with low performance in 6MWT.
Groove as a multidimensional participatory experience
Authors: Duman Deniz , Snape Nerdinga , Danso Andrew , Toiviainen Petri , Luck Geoff
Published: June 2023

Groove is a popular and widely used concept in the field of music. Yet, its precise definition remains elusive. Upon closer inspection, groove appears to be used as an umbrella term with various connotations depending on the musical era, the musical context, and the individual using the term. Our aim in this article was to explore different definitions and connotations of the term groove so as to reach a more detailed understanding of it. Consequently, in an online survey, 88 participants provided free-text descriptions of the term groove. A thematic analysis revealed that groove is a multifaceted phenomenon, and participants’ descriptions fit into two main categories: music- and experience-related aspects. Based on this analysis, we propose a contemporary working definition of the term groove as used in the field of music psychology: “Groove is a participatory experience (related to immersion, movement, positive affect, and social connection) resulting from subtle interaction of specific music- (such as time- and pitch-related features), performance-, and/or individual-related factors.” Importantly, this proposed definition highlights the participatory aspect of the groove experience, which participants frequently mentioned, for example describing it as an urge to be “involved in” the music physically and/or psychologically. Furthermore, we propose that being immersed in music might be a prerequisite for other experiential qualities of groove, whereas the social aspect could be a secondary quality that comes into play as a consequence of musical activity. Overall, we anticipate that these findings will encourage a greater variety of research on this significant yet still not fully elucidated aspect of the musical experience.
Neurological and psychiatric comorbidities of migraine: Concepts and future perspectives
Authors: Pelzer Nadine , de Boer Irene , van den Maagdenberg Arn M.J.M. , Terwindt Gisela M.
Published: June 2023

Background

This narrative review aims to discuss several common neurological and psychiatric disorders that show comorbidity with migraine. Not only can we gain pathophysiological insights by studying these disorders, comorbidities also have important implications for treating migraine patients in clinical practice.

Methods

A literature search on PubMed and Embase was conducted with the keywords “comorbidity”, “migraine disorders”, “migraine with aura”, “migraine without aura”, “depression”, “depressive disorders”, “epilepsy”, “stroke”, “patent foramen ovale”, “sleep wake disorders”, “restless legs syndrome”, “genetics”, “therapeutics”.

Results

Several common neurological and psychiatric disorders show comorbidity with migraine. Major depression and migraine show bidirectional causality and have shared genetic factors. Dysregulation of both hypothalamic and thalamic pathways have been implicated as a possibly cause. The increased risk of ischaemic stroke in migraine likely involves spreading depolarizations. Epilepsy is not only bidirectionally related to migraine, but is also co-occurring in monogenic migraine syndromes. Neuronal hyperexcitability is an important overlapping mechanism between these conditions. Hypothalamic dysfunction is suggested as the underlying mechanism for comorbidity between sleep disorders and migraine and might explain altered circadian timing in migraine.

Conclusion

These comorbid conditions in migraine with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms have important implications for best treatment choices and may provide clues for future approaches.
Novel Traffic Conflict-Based Framework for Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation Under Heterogeneous and Weak Lane-Discipline Traffic
Authors: Patel Hiral , Gore Ninad , Easa Said , Arkatkar Shriniwas
Published: June 2023

The present study proposed a real-time traffic safety evaluation framework using macroscopic flow variables. To this end, open-access extended vehicle trajectories were employed. Rear-end traffic conflicts and macroscopic traffic flow variables were derived from the trajectory data and were integrated for real-time safety evaluation. The Proportion of Stopping distance ( PSD) accounts for all types of interactions (both safe and unsafe) in the traffic stream; therefore, the same was adopted to analyze the rear-end traffic conflicts. A macroscopic indicator termed “time spent in conflict ( TSC)” was derived to evaluate the rear-end traffic conflicts. Machine learning models, namely, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), were employed to predict TSCs using macroscopic traffic flow variables. The results revealed that the TSC computed based on PSD exhibits a reliable and explainable relationship with the macroscopic traffic flow variables. TSC computed based on PSD revealed that intermediately congested traffic flow conditions are critical in traffic safety and can be attributed to complex traffic phenomena such as traffic hysteresis, traffic oscillations, and increased speed variance. Moreover, a stable relation between traffic safety and traffic flow was suggested for varying threshold values. Among different machine learning models, the RF model was observed as the best-fitted model to predict TSC based on macroscopic traffic variables. TSC quantifies the safety status of a given traffic flow condition, where a higher value of TSC for a particular traffic flow condition indicates that vehicles prevail in the conflicting scenario for a longer time and, therefore, reflect higher operational risk. The developed machine learning model can be employed to predict TSC (operational risk) in real time using the macroscopic traffic flow variables and, therefore, facilitate traffic safety monitoring.
Assessing Remaining Service Life and Structural Performance of Substandard Airfield Pavement for Low-Volume Traffic with an Accelerated Aircraft Loading Simulator
Authors: Garcia Victor M. , Robinson W. Jeremy , Tseng Ester , Rodgers Colton , Tingle Jeb S.
Published: June 2023

A field evaluation to investigate the remaining service life and structural capacity of a substandard airfield pavement under accelerated aircraft traffic is reported in this paper. The pavement test section consisted of a relatively thin asphalt concrete layer with a considerably thin base course. A single-wheel aircraft simulator was used to mimic the loading conditions of two cargo aircrafts, C-17 and C-130. Two operating tire inflation pressures, namely normal tire pressure (NTP) and approximately 20% below NTP (reduced tire pressure), were investigated as a strategy to improve the pavement’s service life while maintaining the total aircraft load. The rut development was the primary pavement distress measured while the pavement structural capacity was routinely assessed with a heavyweight deflectometer and a portable lightweight deflectometer (LWD) at selected traffic intervals. PCASE software was also used to computationally predict the service life of the selected substandard airfield pavement. Overall, this nonstandard airfield pavement exhibited acceptable performance for an expedient aircraft mission with a C-17 (less than 100 passes) or a sustainment aircraft mission with a C-130 (less than 5000 passes). From this study, reducing the operating tire pressure did not influence the allowable number of passes to failure, considering the failure criterion as a rut depth of 25.4 mm. It was found that the LWD showed promise to monitor deterioration of substandard airfield pavements during aircraft operations. The PCASE results were not in full agreement with the field study and outlined the critical need of improving the current evaluation technique specifically for substandard airfield pavements.
Properties of poly (lactic Acid)/ hydroxyapatite biocomposites for 3D printing feedstock material
Authors: Begum Sabana Ara , Krishnan P Santhana Gopala , Kanny Krishnan
Published: June 2023

In this study, biocomposites as feedstock material for 3D printing were produced by poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as a polymer matrix and Hydroxyapatite (HAP) as reinforcing filler for potential use in biomedical applications. Biocomposites filament from PLA and different HAP content varying from 1–10 wt% were prepared from extrusion and then injection moulding process. The impact of HAP loading on the properties of biocomposites was investigated for crystallinity, density, hardness, tensile, impact, flexural, melt flow index (MFI), thermal properties and biomineralization studies. The formation of PLA/HAP biocomposites was confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The hydrophilicity of the biocomposites was studied by contact angle analysis. Dispersion of HAP into PLA matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The HAP addition increased the density of the composites. From mechanical analysis PLA/HAP composites containing 1–5 wt% showed an increase in tensile modulus. The Shore D hardness of the composites increased with increase in wt% of HAP content. The maximum hardness was achieved for 10 wt% of HAP content i.e., 87 ± 0.1, which is about 6.1% more than neat PLA. The MFI increased with rise in HAP content that gives a positive opinion of reinforcing PLA composites without deteriorating the processability. The hydrophilicity of the biocomposites was slightly increased after the addition of HAP. From thermal analysis it was concluded that the thermal stability of the biocomposites increased when compared with neat PLA. From the Biomineralization studies formation of apatite layer on PLA composites was confirmed by SEM analysis.
A Case Series on Serotonin Syndrome from Concomitant use of linezolid With Methadone, Buprenorphine, and/or Dextroamphetamine
Authors: Huang Joanne , Edrees Heba , Lee Grace
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives: The risk of serotonin syndrome (SS), especially when linezolid is used concomitantly with methadone, buprenorphine, and/or dextroamphetamine, remains widely unstudied and may limit the options for antimicrobial therapy in these patient populations. Methods: We reviewed all adult encounters on linezolid with concomitant methadone, buprenorphine, and/or dextroamphetamine from April 2016 to June 2022. The primary outcomes included characterizing prescribing preferences and prevalence of confirmed and possible serotonin syndrome using ICD-10 diagnosis codes, cyproheptadine administration, and electronic medical record chart review using the Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria. Results: Overall, 194 encounters were evaluated. 16.5%, 17.8%, and 7.1% were on high dose methadone, buprenorphine, and dextroamphetamine, respectively. Mean duration of overlap with linezolid was 4.6, 3.3, and 7 days respectively. One confirmed and two possible cases of serotonin syndrome were identified. Conclusion: Linezolid may be considered in patients who are concomitantly on methadone, buprenorphine, and/or dextroamphetamine. In our analysis of 194 encounters, one definitive case and two possible cases of SS were identified. Additional real-world studies are necessary to identify if exposure and/or duration may be correlated with an increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
Role Modeling of Professional Behavior in Nursing Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Ayu Eka Ni Gusti , Rumerung Christie Lidya , Tahulending Peggy Sara
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to examine professional behavior as role models in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic perceived by nursing students. This study applied a mixed-method design using a sequential explanatory approach. A total of 120 nursing students participated in the self-reported questionnaire, and 10 were involved in semistructured individual interviews. The Professional Nurse Educator Role-Model questionnaire developed by the authors was used to collect quantitative data, and four open-ended questions modified from a previous study as the guideline in qualitative data collection. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. Open-ended questions were analyzed using thematic analysis. Quantitatively, students reported that excellent professional behaviors as role models were prevalent in nursing education (Mean 3.61 out of 4). Four themes from qualitative findings were revealed to complement the quantitative data, including teaching by example, altruism, efficiently performing, and effective communication. In conclusion, nurses as educators and clinicians could be students’ professional role models, particularly in clinical settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is essential for nurse educators and clinicians to actively create a culture of professional nursing care for self and others during the pandemic to be present in wholeness and provide holistic care.
An investigation on microstructure-texture of E250BR steel plate subjected to post-weld vibration
Authors: Pradhan Rururaja , Mohapatra Sudipta , Sunny Mohammed Rabius , Sarkar Arunjyoti
Published: June 2023

Residual stress induced during welding is an essential factor affecting a fabrication product’s service life. The vibration stress relief (VSR) technique is widely used in metal fabrication to reduce residual stresses. This paper presents an experimental assessment of the effectiveness of VSR in shielded gas metal arc welded low carbon construction steel (IS2062 E250BR) plates. An eccentric rotating mass vibration exciter with different process parameters has been used here to generate the vibration and the residual stresses have been measured by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The effect of VSR on phase crystal grain, misorientation, and texture was examined through a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The results indicate that the compressive residual stress was reduced by 21%. The microstructural analysis shows that the applied stress has affected the grain growth and orientation. In the end, a qualitative analysis of VSR parameters and residual stress is established.