bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating Carded Yarn Quality through Cross-Doubling in the Draw frame: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Chakrabortty Amit , Khan Siyam Quddus
Published: May 2024

A carding machine's performance has an impact on the quality of the carded sliver, which in turn affects the quality of the carded yarn produced. Several factors can influence a machine's efficiency, resulting in fluctuations in the slivers generated over time. To achieve consistent and reproducible quality levels, slivers from all carding machines must be blended homogeneously. This blending process is vital for achieving homogeneity in the final product and maintaining a high quality standard. This can be achieved by cross-doubling. In this technique, carded slivers are arranged into categories of good, medium and low quality based on the nep removal efficiency of the carding machine behind the breaker draw frame. This is a specific type of doubling process. The focus of this research was the effectiveness of the aforementioned practice. Three carding machines were selected out of seven based on the quality level of the produced carded sliver, which was measured by nep removal efficiency. Yarn samples of 29.5 tex were produced from the slivers of the individual carding machines and by cross-doubling them at the breaker draw frame. Samples were collected at each stage of processing and tested. The results showed that cross-doubling significantly reduced variation in the imperfection level and yarn strength, but had very little effect on the mass variation level of the strands. Furthermore, the categorization of the four samples for selection was carried out using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. This study will provide a guideline for new spinners to enhance yarn quality through cross-doubling on a draw frame machine.
Safety and Efficacy of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Patients With Obesity and Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Tu Zoe H. , Perez Alejandro D. , Diaz Thomas E. , Loop Matthew S. , Clarke Megan
Published: May 2024

Background:

Current venous thromboembolism guidelines recommend using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over warfarin regardless of obesity status; however, evidence remains limited for the safety and efficacy of DOAC use in patients with obesity. This retrospective analysis sought to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of DOACs compared with warfarin in a diverse population of patients with obesity in light of current prescribing practices.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a large academic health system between July 2014 and September 2019. Adults with an admission diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism, with weight greater than 120 kg or a body mass index greater than 40, and who were discharged on an oral anticoagulant were included. Outcomes included occurrence of a thromboembolic event (DVT, pulmonary embolism, or ischemic stroke), bleeding event requiring hospitalization, and all-cause mortality within 12 months following index admission.

Results:

Out of 787 patients included, 520 were in the DOAC group and 267 were in the warfarin group. Within 12 months of index hospitalization, thromboembolic events occurred in 4.23% of patients in the DOAC group vs 7.12% of patients in the warfarin group (hazard ratio, 0.6 [95% CI, 0.32-1.1]; P = .082). Bleeding events requiring hospitalization occurred in 8.85% of DOAC patients vs 10.1% of warfarin patients (hazard ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.57-1.5]; P = .82). A DVT occurred in 1.7% and 4.9% of patients in the DOAC and warfarin groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.15-0.84]; P = .046).

Conclusion:

No significant differences could be determined between DOACs and warfarin for cumulative thromboembolic or bleeding events, pulmonary embolism, ischemic stroke, or all-cause mortality. The risk of DVT was lower with apixaban and rivaroxaban. Regardless of patient weight or body mass index, physicians prescribed DOACs more commonly than warfarin.
Cystic adenomyoma of the uterus: Case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Lei , Guo Zhaojun , Pang Yicun , Zhao Jun , Liang Jun , Ma Xiaolin
Published: May 2024

Cystic adenomyosis is a rare type of adenomyosis. The main clinical manifestation of uterine cystic adenomyoma is severe dysmenorrhoea, and the condition can be diagnosed by relevant clinical examination. The preferred treatment, with a good prognosis, is lesion resection. The clinical data of a patient with uterine cystic adenomyoma recorded at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University are reported herein. A 39-year-old female patient presented with tolerable menstrual pain and aggravated dysmenorrhoea, which she had experienced for 4 years, and menorrhagia, which she had had for approximately 1 year. Ultrasound and tumour marker tests suggested abnormalities, and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a diagnosis of uterine cystic adenomyoma. A hysteroscopy and intrauterine lesion electrocision were performed, and the results of postoperative pathology tests suggested that the endometriosis cysts had returned to normal after the postoperative intervention. The analysis of the clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment of uterine cystic adenomyoma can improve the understanding of the disease and reduce the rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses to ensure early detection with timely diagnosis and treatment.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a drug delivery mechanism
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Hongwei , Qiu Xilong , Zuo Fanjiao , Wang Boyao
Published: May 2024

Research in intelligent drug delivery systems within the field of biomedicine promises to enhance drug efficacy at disease sites and reduce associated side effects. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), characterized by their large specific surface area, appropriate pore size, and excellent biocompatibility, have garnered significant attention as one of the most effective carriers for drug delivery. The hydroxyl groups on their surface are active functional groups, facilitating easy functionalization. The installation of controllable molecular machines on the surface of mesoporous silica to construct nanovalves represents a crucial advancement in developing intelligent drug delivery systems (DDSs) and addressing the issue of premature drug release. In this review, we compile several notable and illustrative examples of MSNs and discuss their varied applications in DDSs. These applications span regulated and progressive drug release mechanisms. MSNs hold the potential to enhance drug solubility, improve drug stability, and mitigate drug toxicity, attributable to their ease of functionalization. Furthermore, intelligent hybrid nanomaterials are being developed, featuring programmable properties that react to a broad spectrum of stimuli, including light, pH, enzymes, and redox triggers, through the use of molecular and supramolecular switches.
The final part of the CRESS trilogy – how to evaluate the quality of stability studies
Authors: Cornes Michael , Vermeersch Pieter , Šimundić Ana-Maria , Von Meyer Alexander , Šálek Tomáš , Meyer Brendan , Costelloe Sean , De Guire Vincent , Gomez-Rioja Ruben , Cadamuro Janne
Published: May 2024

High quality laboratory results are critical for patient management. However, poor sample quality can impact these results and patient safety. To ensure reliable and accurate results laboratories must be aware of each analyte’s stability under various storage conditions and matrices to guarantee correct and dependable outcomes. This knowledge allows laboratories to define the allowable delay between sample collection and centrifugation/analysis for all analytes to guarantee appropriate results quality and interpretation. The EFLM Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) therefore established a 4-step plan to tackle this issue, aiming to standardize and harmonize stability studies for improved comparison and meta-analysis. The plan included the development of checklists and how-to guides for performing and reporting stability studies as well as a central resource of stability data. This manuscript deals with the issue of evaluating publications and incorporating them into a central resource. To evaluate stability studies, the CRESS checklist was used to structure 20 sections used to judge the quality of studies. Each section has 4 levels of quality, with scores converted to numerical values and weighted based on expert opinion. Based on this, a final score ranging from A to D was determined. The procedure was then tested on six manuscripts and checked for agreement between expert judgements. The results demonstrated that the proposed evaluation process is a useful tool to distinguish between best in class manuscripts and those of lower quality. The EFLM WG-PRE strongly believes that the provided recommendations and checklists will help improving stability studies both in quality and standardisation.
Navigating the path of reproducibility in microRNA-based biomarker research with ring trials
Authors: Sopić Miron , Devaux Yvan , de Gonzalo-Calvo David
Published: May 2024

The development of microRNA (miRNA)-based biomarkers has gained significant attention due to their potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic applications. However, the reproducibility of miRNA biomarker research faces unique challenges, primarily due to the influence of pre-analytical and analytical factors. The absence of standardized procedures contributes to inconsistencies across studies, alongside challenges in reference gene selection, data analysis methods and miRNA profiling platforms. Inter-laboratory comparison trials, or ring trials, offer a strategic approach to address technical and biological variability in miRNA biomarker studies. These trials promote standardization, identify sources of variability and strengthen the correlation between miRNAs and clinical outcomes. Despite their underutilization in miRNA biomarker research, ring trials represent a valuable tool for enhancing reproducibility and expediting the translation of miRNA-based biomarkers into clinical applications.
The anti-self-dual deformation complex and a conjecture of Singer
Authors: Gover A. Rod , Gursky Matthew J.
Published: May 2024

Let

(

M
4

,
g
)

(M^{4},g)

be a smooth, closed, oriented anti-self-dual (ASD) four-manifold.

(

M
4

,
g
)

(M^{4},g)

is said to be unobstructed if the cokernel of the linearisation of the self-dual Weyl tensor is trivial.
This condition can also be characterised as the vanishing of the second cohomology group of the ASD deformation complex, and is central to understanding the local structure of the moduli space of ASD conformal structures.
It also arises in construction of ASD manifolds by twistor and gluing methods.
In this article, we give conformally invariant conditions which imply an ASD manifold of positive Yamabe type is unobstructed.
Unraveling Conversational Implicatures: A Study on Arabic EFL Learners
Authors: Rabab’ah Ghaleb , Cheikh Mariam , Al-Deaibes Mutasim
Published: May 2024

The present research aimed to evaluate the comprehension level of conversational implicature among a group of 30 senior Native Arabic-speaking students enrolled in the BA program of English Language and Literature at a UAE university. The participants’ comprehension of implicatures was assessed by providing them with 20 excerpts from the American sitcom Seinfeld (https://www.seinfeldscripts.com/seinfeld-scripts.html). The participants were asked to select the implied meaning of one underlined utterance as it occurred in context. The findings of the study indicate that Arab English as a Foreign Language learners have a slightly below-average proficiency in comprehending implicatures produced by native English speakers, which can be attributed to their lower level of proficiency, lack of pragmatic competence, and their lack of information about the American culture. The most challenging types of implicatures to grasp were those flouting the maxim of manner (35.34%), while the easiest types to interpret were those flouting the maxim of quantity.
Effect of applying a full oxygen blast furnace on carbon emissions based on a carbon metabolism calculation model
Authors: Li Hui , Xia Yuhua , Meng Qingyong , Bai Hao , Xia Yunjin
Published: May 2024

In this study, the effects of applying a full oxygen blast furnace (FOBF) on carbon emissions were investigated by determining the ultimate minimum carbon consumption and a carbon metabolism calculation model. The results demonstrate that the minimum coke ratio of the top gas circulation-FOBF (TGR-FOBF) is significantly reduced (from 270 to 207 kg·thm−1) compared to that of the traditional ironmaking blast furnace (TBF). Owing to the complete recycling of the furnace top gas of the TGR-FOBF, the degree of direct reduction of TGR-FOBF significantly decreased to 0.14. The replacement of the TGR-FOBF with the three TBFs significantly reduced the CO2 emissions, which were the highest at 1.761 t-CO2/t-CS. Most of the CO2 emissions were generated by the direct combustion emissions (CDE) and direct process emissions (PDE), with a small amount generated by the electricity indirect emissions (EIE). The CO2 emissions generated by CDE, PDE, and EIE were 0.872 t-CO2/t-CS, 0.840 t-CO2/t-CS, and 0.049 t-CO2/t-CS, respectively. As the amount of TGR-FOBF replaced with the three TBFs increased, the CO2 emissions generated by the CDE and PDE significantly decreased. When all three TBFs were replaced with TGR–FOBF, the CO2 emissions generated by the CDE and PDE decreased to extremely low levels of 0.267 t-CO2/t-CS and 0.065 t-CO2/t-CS, respectively.
Improving lung allograft function in the early post-operative period through the inhibition of pyroptosis
Authors: Gouchoe Doug A. , Zhang Zhentao , Kim Jung-Lye , Lee Yong Gyu , Whitson Bryan A. , Zhu Hua
Published: May 2024

Lung transplantation is the only definitive therapy for end-stage pulmonary disease. Less than 20 % of offered lungs are successfully transplanted due to a limited ischemic time window and poor donor lung quality manifested by pulmonary edema, hypoxia, or trauma. Therefore, poor donor organ recovery and utilization are significant barriers to wider implementation of the life-saving therapy of transplantation. While ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is often identified as the underlying molecular insult leading to immediate poor lung function in the post-operative period, this injury encompasses several pathways of cellular injury in addition to the recruitment of the innate immune system to the site of injury to propagate this inflammatory cascade. Pyroptosis is a central molecular inflammatory pathway that is the most significant contributor to injury in this early post-operative phase. Pyroptosis is another form of programmed cell death and is often associated with IRI. The mitigation of pyroptosis in the early post-operative period following lung transplantation is a potential novel way to prevent poor allograft function and improve outcomes for all recipients. Here we detail the pyroptotic pathway, its importance in lung transplantation, and several therapeutic modalities that can mitigate this harmful inflammatory pathway.
Simple Mobility Tests Predict Use of Assistive Devices in Older Adults
Authors: Matsuda Toru , Muranaga Shingo , Zeni Joseph A. , Yoshida Yuri
Published: May 2024

Background:

Assistive devices (ADs) for ambulation are commonly provided to improve safety and independence in older adults. Despite the common use of these devices, there are no standard prescribing guidelines, and non–health care providers, including caregivers and family members, often make decisions about the need for ADs. Identifying factors or a single screening test associated with AD use would benefit clinicians and non–health care caregivers in making decisions to adopt an AD for patients, clients, and family members.

Purpose/Objectives:

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the test that best predicts ADs for ambulation and non-AD use among community-dwelling individuals.

Methods:

Eighty-five older adults (81.6 ± 8.2 years old) who underwent outpatient physical therapy participated in this study. They participated in a series of tests, including the Timed Up and Go, handgrip and quadriceps strength, the 30-second chair-rise test, the 5-m fast gait speed, the Functional Independence Measure, the locomotive syndrome tests (stand-up test, 2-step test [2ST], and the Locomo-5 Checklist), and numeric pain scales. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to identify differences between those who did and did not use an AD for ambulation. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine which test best predicted AD use.

Results:

80% of participants (n = 68) used an AD for ambulation. There were significant differences in all test variables between users and nonusers (P = .033 to P < .001), except for quadriceps strength, age, and pain (all P > .05). Only the 2ST was a significant predictor of AD use, with a cutoff distance of the toe-to-toe stride shorter than 93% of body height (sensitivity: 72%, and specificity: 82%, P = .048).

Discussion:

Simple functional measures differed between those who did and did not use ADs for ambulation; however, only the 2ST predicted AD status. Individuals who cannot step 93% of their body height may be appropriate for an AD.

Conclusions:

If comprehensive clinical evaluations are not available to make decisions about AD use, the 2ST can be used to make clinical recommendations for an AD for ambulation.
Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs (STEPS): Assessing Stair Function in Older Adults
Authors: Kegelmeyer Deb , Minarsch Raquel , Marita Katherine , Hoffmeister Audrey , Schnaterbeck Gabrielle , Wohl Timothy , Gokun Yevgeniya , Kloos Anne
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose:

Stair negotiation is crucial for functional independence and is a leading cause of fall-related injuries in older adults. The Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs (STEPS) is a quick and easily administered outcome measure for assessing stair negotiation. This study investigated the reliability and concurrent content validity of the STEPS test to determine its usefulness in older adults.

Methods:

Eighty-two community-dwelling older adults (mean age 81.2 years, 51 females) were assessed on the STEPS test, Timed Up and Go (TUG), 5-times sit to stand (5XSTS), stair self-efficacy (SSE) questionnaire, and time to ascend and descend stairs. Participants repeated the STEPS test 7 to 14 days later for intrarater reliability by the same rater. Spearman rank and intraclass correlations were used to determine the association of measures and intrarater reliability.

Results and Discussion:

The mean STEPS score was 15.6 (SD = 3.7) out of 20. The STEPS total score demonstrated excellent intra- and interrater reliability. It had moderate to good and significant correlations with TUG, 5XSTS, SSE, and time to ascend and descend measures. Faster performance on the 5XSTS, TUG, and time to ascend and descend correlated with better performance on the STEPS test, indicating validity for assessing balance and mobility during stair negotiation in older adults. Lower SSE correlated with lower observer ratings of performance on stairs (STEPS scores), indicating agreement between participant reports of self-efficacy and observer ratings of performance. Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs items that demonstrated the most frequent loss of points were balance (use of handrail), step continuity, foot placement, and self-propulsion (ascent only).

Conclusions:

Assessment of older adults’ safety and performance on stairs is vital given the increased difficulty of stair navigation and the high risk for injurious falls in this population. This study demonstrates that the STEPS test is a reliable and valid outcome measure for assessing stair performance in older adults.
Logistical Natures
Authors: Nadim Tahani , Vennen Mareike , Heumann Ina , Bertoni Filippo
Published: May 2024

The logistics of natural history sustained natural history’s capacity to acquire, classify and preserve specimens. This mobilization of nature established complex supply-chains, encompassing naturalists, colonial officers, museum curators, and many others, that materialized distinct global infrastructures. In suggesting the notion of Logistical Natures, this special issue renders the intersection of (critical) logistics and nature productive in two ways. First, the essays explore the logistics of natural history and analyze how large-scale, mostly colonial, infrastructures shaped knowledge, practices, and material culture within natural history. Second, Logistical Natures draws attention to the natural history of logistics for these infrastructures, such as postal services, military infrastructures, and railway systems, were also productive of new kinds of nature. Logistical Natures analyzes how modes of circulation materialized as (and in) the bodies, including people and specimens, and knowledge practices of natural history.
Nuclear Waste Management
Authors: Cetina Ivana
Published: May 2024

Nuclear energy production generates nuclear waste. Nuclear and radioactive waste, especially high level waste (HLW) and intermediate level waste (ILW), require special long-term safe management solutions. One part of the solution involves recycling through reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Recycling reduces the volume of nuclear waste and allows for the reuse of some of its components. This can be achieved through methods such as adsorption, ion exchange, coagulation, flotation, filtration, chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis, and solvent extraction, like the PUREX process. Another possible future solution involves partitioning and transmutation technology, which can reduce the production of nuclear waste. The best long-term solution is the immobilisation of HLW and ILW in a solid matrix. Materials used for this purpose include glasses, cements, bitumen, geopolymers, concrete, and ceramics as a promising material. While cementation is still the most commonly used immobilisation method due to its low cost and simplicity, vitrification is a more permanent long-term solution. Deep geological disposal in combination with vitrification and a robust multi-barrier system is considered the most acceptable solution for safe nuclear waste isolation. This review provides insight into the mostly commonly used and promising immobilisation materials, as well as the most effective methods and technologies currently in use and under development for the management of HLW and ILW in nuclear waste management.
Correlation between Optical Characteristics of Orodispersible Films with Selected Process Parameters Supported by FTIR Analysis
Authors: Rahić Ognjenka , Tucak-Smajić Amina , Šahinović Merima , Imamović Belma , Hindija Lamija , Hadžiabdić Jasmina , Vranić Edina
Published: May 2024

Paediatric and geriatric populations, as well as other special patient populations with swallowing problems, require patient-tailored dosage forms. One promising dosage form for these specific populations is orodispersible films.

When preparing orodispersible films using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the film-forming polymer and glycerine as the plasticizer, it is essential to determine the optimal mixing time and mixing speed of the casting solution to achieve the desired transparency/opacity of the orodispersible films. In this paper, the primary focus is on mixing time and mixing speed, and determining how these two parameters can influence optical characteristics. All tested parameters are supported by FTIR analysis. The obtained results show that either a mixing speed of 7000 rpm on a high-shear mixer for 15 min or a mixing speed of 9000 rpm for 5 min can produce films with optimal optical characteristics.
A Model of a Two-step Three-electron Surface Redox Reaction
Authors: Lovrić Milivoj
Published: May 2024

A theory of a two-step surface redox mechanism, involving both single-electron and two-electron transfers, is developed for cyclic voltammetry. It is assumed that the first step is kinetically controlled, while the second one is reversible. Depending on the difference in standard potentials, three types of responses appear as functions of the kinetic parameters. Calculation of the transfer coefficients and the standard rate constant is explained.
Mechanical Interaction Between a Cartonboard Package and a Tactile Sensor Depending on Position and Material
Authors:   Orebro University, School of Science and Technology, Orebro, Sweden, Eriksson Daniel , Eriksson Henry ,   Orebro University, School of Science and Technology, Orebro, Sweden, Persson Camilla ,   Orebro University, School of Science and Technology, Orebro, Sweden, Korin Christer ,   Orebro University, School of Science and Technology, Orebro, Sweden
Published: May 2024

The perception of mechanical rigidity when touching a package is important for purchasing decisions. This perception will depend both on the material and geometry of the product packaging, but also on the position where the package is grasped. Both kinaestethic (globally) and cutaneous cues (locally around the fingertip) play a role in the perception of compliance, but cutaneous cues are more important. We therefore use a tactile sensor to investigate the mechanical interaction between the tactile sensor and a cartonboard package; we study the changes depending on the measuring position and the material. Using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on the measurement result we show that we can separate these two changes for separate analysis.
Where is the Water?
Authors:   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Fuchs Maximilian ,   Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mass Transport through Paper, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Charry Eduardo Machado ,   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria;Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mass Transport through Paper, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Böhm Gregor ,   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mass Transport through Paper, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Resel Roland ,   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Schennach Robert ,   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mass Transport through Paper, Graz University of Technology, Austria, Zojer Karin ,   Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mass Transport through Paper, Graz University of Technology, Austria
Published: May 2024

The imbibition of paper with water is a complex interplay between the transport of liquid water in the fiber network and a swelling of the fibers. While the swelling can be directly associated with the incorporation of water into the fibers, little is known how swelling affects the pore space in paper and the subsequent transport of liquids therein. In this work, the propagation of a water drop supplied to a sheet of paper is monitored in-situ using X-ray microcomputed tomography. This method provides a 3D image sequence that traces the time-dependent progression of swelling and liquid transport over a period between fifteen and forty-five minutes after the application of water. The associated water vapor appears to profoundly swell the fibers even before the liquid water front arrives, i.e., the water invades paper both in its liquid and its vapor state. Incorporation of water into fibers leads to a marked increase in sheet thickness that originates from an increase in fiber volume and, interestingly, from an effective increase of the volume of the pores. Whether the latter change in pore volume has an adverse or boosting effect on liquid transport cannot be established from the data because liquid water does not reside in interfiber pores. Instead, liquid water is found in the lumen of the fibers.
Impact of environmental variables on COVID–19 – a study from the Telangana State, India
Authors: Kandukuri Kumaraswamy
Published: May 2024

The objective of the present investigation is to compare the pollution levels during the lockdown and unlock period to the pre-lockdown phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and intends to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 incidences and atmospheric in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Throughout the lockdown and unlock periods, pollutants in the atmosphere were significantly reduced; a significant reduction was observed in Hyderabad with higher traffic levels with a maximum reduction of PM2.5 and PM10 levels (60.3% and 53.4%, respectively) compared to pre-lockdown levels. The number of COVID-19 cases relative to most of the air pollutants was negatively correlated, which may be a mere coincidence as a result of the lockdown. The correlation test reveals a positive association between the ambient temperature and COVID-19 confirmed cases (r = 0.99, 0.07) during the lockdown phase and throughout the study period, suggests that the warm, tropical weather in the area of the study region is successful in preventing the spread of COVID-19. The findings of this study can help us comprehend how environmental variables play a part in the spread of COVID-19 in tropical and subtropical nations. The results of this study also suggest that temporary lockdowns useful tool for managing environmental imbalances.
Old log houses in northern Sweden
Authors: Wästerlund Iwan
Published: May 2024

Log houses from old times are desirable, since those houses have been standing for maybe 200 years, must be of good quality. How many 50- year-old houses are standing today? The problem is to find craftsmen today that know how these houses were built in case of restoration or modernizing these houses. This chapter may clarify some principles with old log houses.
Ways to optimize the forest complex of primorsky krai of Russia
Authors: Boris S Petropavlovsky
Published: May 2024

For example, Primorye Territory, an attempt is made to summarize scientific results for optimization problems, forest management and conservation of biological diversity, as a prerequisite for maintaining optimal structure of vegetation-management fundamental for achieving sustainable development in the region. Provides specific suggestions for optimization of forest complex of Primorye Territory. Forest vegetation, forest complex, sustainable forest management, sustainable development of territories, anthropogenic dynamics of forest biodiversity. Forest vegetation, forest complex, sustainable forest management, sustainable development, human-induced dynamics of forest, biological diversity.
Land suitability evaluation for rice and maize based cropping systems using FAO maximum limitation approach
Authors: Makoi Joachim HJR
Published: May 2024

Despite the growing interest in irrigated agriculture in Malinyi District in Morogoro Region, its practice in Kilosa kwa Mpepo traditional irrigation scheme remains low in production and productivity compared with medium to modern irrigated agriculture. Since construction of medium to modern irrigated agriculture is expensive, matching crop requirement with resources available through land suitability evaluation is necessary to improve production and productivity in the area. Such important study however,ha.s not been undertaken in Kilosa kwa Mpepo traditional irrigation scheme proposed for modernization. This study, evaluates the land suitability of Kilosa kwa Mpepo traditional irrigation scheme for rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) cropping systems using FAO maximum limitation method. After matching land qualities with land use requirements, results indicated that soil wetness, soil physical characteristics, and soil fertility status were the major limiting factors affecting land quality within the proposed irrigation scheme. Results also showed that of the total area surveyed (i.e. 1,117 Ha) 25% was rated as highly suitable (S1), 37% as moderately suitable (S2) and 37% as marginally suitable (S3) for irrigated rice based cropping systems. However, after controlling floods the highly suitable (S1) to marginally suitable (S3) land observed was to a large extent related to soil physical property, leading to inadequate capacity to retain nutrients. Similarly, results of land suitability for irrigated maize based cropping systems indicated that of the total study area, 37% was rated as highly suitable (S1) and 63% as moderately suitable (S2). The moderately suitable land in the surveyed area was related to soil physical property and poor soil fertility status (i.e. texture and low pH). Taken together, these data suggest that well-designed irrigation infrastructures along with flood protection band and drainage structures may control and or reduce the incidence of floods and waterlogging conditions in the study area. Long-term fertility management requires consideration of use of organic materials such as manure and compost. Such programs need to maximize use efficiency and minimize environmental losses. Implementation of the proposed approach to optimizing land management will reverse the suitability of land from marginally suitable to highly suitable land thus delivering a range of socio-economic and agro-environmental benefits to the farmers in Kilosa kwa Mpepo village in Malinyi District
Use of local health traditions for prevention and cure of diseases by households in northern India
Authors: MA Ansari , Z Khan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: “Traditional” medicine is a system of medicine that has been practiced in its country of origin for many years. More emphasis is being given to include the Traditional Systems of Medicines into the National Health System. Local Health Traditions (LHT) where household food items and plants are used as medicine is widespread in India. Objectives: To determine the knowledge about medicinal plants and food items used as medicine. To document the use of LHT for specific disease conditions. To elicit community perception of any change in utilization of LHT Methods: The study was carried out in the urban slums and poor neighbourhoods of Aligarh city. One hundred households belonging to lower middle class, poor slum dwellers or homeless households purposively selected. Efforts were made to assess the attitude towards value of LHT in their day to day existence. Care was taken that no leading questions were asked. Results: More than 104 plants were named by respondents as being useful for treatment of different ailments. The use of home remedies for acute conditions was high (50% -98%). Home remedies were also extensively used for chronic diseases. A large number of household foods and herbs were used to improve lactation. Traditional home remedies were also used for care of newborn. Conclusion: The respondents were universally aware of the value of LHT and utilized it for both acute and chronic disease. There is change in practice over time of LHT. LHT should be viewed as complementary to other systems.
Unexplained infertility: a fresh look at the old problem and the novel therapeutic options of its treatment
Authors: Yemeliyanova Margarita , Chan Mike KS , Wong Michelle BF , Klokol Dmytro
Published: May 2024

Infertility affects up to 20% of couples worldwide. Among the frequent causes of female infertility are fallopian tubes-related disorders, hormonal and ovulation disorders, endometriosis, and unexplained infertility. The modern-day tendency to delay pregnancy has increased the incidence of age-related infertility, as female reproductive competence decreases with aging. Aging is associated with low-grade inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced capacity of antioxidant protection system, and stem cell exhaustion in female reproductive system. Hence, the appropriate actions should be made to address the infertility caused by reproductive aging, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent years, a considerable progress in cell therapy as an emerging approach for the treatment infertility has been made. Cell therapy involves utilizing stem cells, precursor cells, cellular extracts, exosomes and other cell-derived therapeutic agents. Cell therapy can be an effective strategy as it provides an interactive, dynamic, specific and individualized treatment.
Residual cervical H-SIL after cervical conization with positive margins. Is there any associated risk factor?
Authors: Tomas Garcia Balcarce , M Caviglione , M Pettachi , T Ramilo , A Camargo , F Bianchi
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death from gynecological cancer. In Argentina, it is estimated that nearly 4,500 new cases are diagnosed each year and 1,800 women die from this disease. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary but not a major cause to develop this type of cancer and it is responsible for producing both low-grade (L-SIL) and high-grade (H-SIL) squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) depending on the viral serotype in addition to other factors specific to the infected patient. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is treated by local ablation or excision techniques with lower morbidity. The choice of treatment depends on the degree and extent of the disease, as well as the patient age, risk factors and immunity to generate spontaneous regression or persistence/recurrence. Objective: To identify clinical or pathological factors in patients who presented residual lesion (H-SIL) in the surgical specimens of both re-conization and hysterectomy (HT). Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational study was carried out at Sanatorio Güemes, Buenos Aires, Argentina. All patients that underwent cervical conization with an electric scalpel and had positive margins in the surgical specimen between January 2017 and May 2022 inclusive were analyzed. Data was obtained from 43 patients who had positive cervical conization specimen margins at our institution in the time period described above. Two patients who only had the exocervical margin involved and also 11 patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Among patients (30), all were reoperated (16 underwent re-conization, while in 14 patients it was decided to have a total hysterectomy). Among all the patients who underwent a new surgical procedure, residual disease was found in 10 patients (33.3%), while 20 patients (66.6%) had no residual lesion. Results: The highest percentage of patients (66.6%) did not present residual lesions in the posterior resection specimens. The parameter exhibiting the most substantial influence in our analysis was the proportion of lesion extension, exerting a significant effect on the persistence/recurrence of the disease in subsequent surgical samples (Relative Risk [RR] 7.87, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.13-54.66, p < 0.01). Conclusion: This information brings us even closer to the new reports of bibliographical data: although the presence of the compromised endocervical margin is valuable for estimating the risk of disease persistence/recurrence, it is not sufficient. Therefore, there is a lack of information about the importance of other factors to predict this situation.
Effect of misoprostol before hysteroscopic polypectomy on Dilatation of the cervix and time of the procedure
Authors: Hassan Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Using misoprostol (analog prostaglandins E1, PGE1) prior to hysteroscopic intervention to induce ripening of cervix was implemented in gynecological problems management as submucosal myoma, endometrial polyps.1,2 Aim of study: The aim was to assess the effect of using misoprostol on easy dilatation of the cervix and on reducing the time needed for dilatation of cervix and the overall time needed for the procedure Patients and methods: An observational cross sectional study was performed on women who were complaining from vaginal bleeding and diagnosed to have an endometrial polyp either received misoprostol or not prior to hysteroscopic myomectomy and were subjected to hysteroscopic polypectomy under general anesthesia. Results: the time needed for cervical dilatation was more in the control group who did not receive misoprostol (P value >0.001). Conclusion: The use of a regimen of 400 mcg vaginal misoprostol administered 6 hours before hysteroscopic polypectomy is a simple, safe and effective method of cervical priming to facilitate the procedure with less total operative time , less time needed for cervical dilatation and less complications (as cervical lacerations or false passage).
Breast granulocytic sarcoma: a rare presentation of acute myeloid leukemia - a case report
Authors: Bouguerra Fadoua , Dhouib F , Ajengui F , Boudwara T , Khanfir A , Fourati N , Daoud J
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast extramedullary myeloid sarcoma is a rare tumor that represents 0.12% of all acute myeloid leukemia cases. Diagnosis can be a real challenge due to the non-specific clinical and radiological features. Reported case: We report a case of a 25-year-old woman who had a painful breast lump. Breast ultrasound revealed an irregular bilateral suspicious mass, and the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of breast granulocytic sarcoma (GS). The evolution was marked by a dorsal spinal cord compression. A chemotherapy was indicated but refused by the patient. The patient was finally treated with palliative radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Conclusion: Breast myeloid sarcoma is a rare entity with symptoms reminiscent of those of primary breast cancer making its diagnosis so difficult. Treatment typically involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Although the poor prognosis of breast GS, detecting the signaling pathways associated with myeloid cell migration to extra-medullary tissues may improve outcomes in the future.
Random forest regression on pullout resistance of a pile
Authors: Alsamia Shaymaa , Koch Edina
Published: May 2024

This research aims to study the pullout resistance of a helical pile using three methods of machine learning techniques, which are: random forest regression, support vector regression, and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, based on experimental results of a helical pile. The performance of these three techniques has been d compared and the results show that random forest algorithm has best performance than neuro-fuzzy inference system and support vector technique. The results show that machine learning considered a good tool in terms of estimating the pullout resistance of helical piles in the soil.
Strontium-doped hydroxyapatite: platform for bone regeneration with antimicrobial activity
Authors: Morejón Alonso L. , Rodríguez Montero H.M. , Delgado García-Menocal J.A. , Varela Morales B. , Cepero Cañas J.
Published: May 2024

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate with great analogy to biological apatite. Because of that it has demonstrated excellent results in clinical applications for bone tissue replacement. However, there are certain pathologies such as osteopenia or osteoporosis where the natural bone formation capacity is diminished and which may require an extra stimulus to accelerate and guarantee the osseointegration processes. In these cases, doping hydroxyapatite with strontium ions (Sr-HA) has given excellent results. This ion participates in bone metabolism in various ways and, while stimulating osteosynthesis, it inhibits osteoclast to a certain extent, which as a whole promotes the formation of new bone more quickly. Thus, the development of Sr-HA implants has evolved to not only consider substitutes for bone tissue with greater speed of osseointegration, but also to become platforms for the release of other active ingredients that can also counteract different medical conditions. This work delves into the complexity of septic processes associated with prostheses, which justifies the diversity of approaches to this clinical problem from biomedical engineering. In addition, review different formulations based on Sr-HA reported to eradicate septic processes. In particular, it explores new devices carrying antibiotics (Antb/Sr-HA) and new platforms that have been formed from the double ion doping of the HA where one of those ions is strontium and the other is some metallic element with demonstrated antibacterial activity (M/Sr-HA).
Produkty wegańskie – charakterystyka rynku i perspektywy rozwoju
Authors: Pielak Marlena
Published: May 2024

Cel: Celem artykułu było przedstawienie wybranych produktów wegańskich, charakterystyka tego rynku oraz perspektywy rozwoju na polskim rynku. Metodyka: Przeprowadzono przegląd wybranych produktów wegańskich dostępnych na polskim rynku spożywczym. Przeanalizowano asortyment substytutów produktów mięsnych i wędlin oraz mleka. Dostępność produktów wegańskich oceniono na podstawie wybranych pięciu sklepów detalicznych, pięciu sieci najbardziej popularnych hipermarketów, pięciu supermarketów na terenie Warszawy oraz czterech sklepów internetowych. Przeglądem objęto również lokale gastronomiczne posiadające ofertę wegańską, takie jak kawiarnie czy restauracje typu fast food. Badania prowadzono od września do listopada 2023 roku. Wyniki: Wegański rynek substytutów mięsnych oraz napojów roślinnych prężnie się rozwija, próbując sprostać oczekiwaniom konsumentów oraz odpowiedzieć na ich potrzeby żywieniowe. Konsumenci mają coraz większą możliwość wyboru, a produkty wegańskie można kupić już nie tylko w specjalistycznych sklepach, ale także w supermarketach, sklepach osiedlowych czy dyskontach. Implikacje i rekomendacje: Kontynuacja i rozszerzenie badań o badania konsumenckie umożliwi określenie nowych kierunków rozwoju i oczekiwań konsumentów. Oryginalność/wartość: Dokonano aktualnego przeglądu substytutów mięsnych oraz mleka na rynku polskim, którego brakowało w dotychczasowej literaturze. Uzupełniono aktualną wiedzę na temat dostępnych produktów wegańskich.
Rozwijanie kompetencji zawodowych kadry pedagogicznej w kontekście pracy w środowisku zróżnicowanym kulturowo na przykładzie II Szkoły Edukacji Międzykulturowej
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Młynarczuk-Sokołowska Anna
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to present the 2nd School of Intercultural Education (IISEM) “Strengthening the potential of children and youth with a migrant background” as an example of a cyclical training activity addressed to people involved in educational practice. The paper is a voice in the discussion on the professional competences of teachers, educationalists, psychologists, intercultural assistants, etc. who work in dynamically changing conditions of cultural diversity. Therefore, their competences should be systematically developed in the dialogical relationship between pedagogical theory and practice, in the process of lifelong education, taking into account the specificity of the environment in which the school operates and the challenges and needs existing in it. The article consists of three complementary parts. The first outlines the socio-cultural contexts of contemporary education. Against this background, the goals and specificity of IISEM are shown. The third part presents the methodological package “Towards the integration of Polish and Ukrainian students”, which contains scenarios of educational activities being the result of the work of IISEM participants in culturally diverse environments. The content presented in the text is the result of my own experience and observations resulting from five months of cooperation with the School participants as a mentor and the work of the editor of the substantive methodological package. These activities were accompanied by systematic consultations with IISEM participants, observation of classes conducted during the School (including the implementation of some of them), the evaluation of IISEM (using surveys and interviews with its participants) and analysis of the collected data. The content comprised in the text can be useful both to people interested in intercultural education, both in its theoretical aspects and in educational practice.