bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric comparison of flattened and flattening filter-free beams for liver stereotactic body irradiation in deep inspiration breath hold, and free breathing conditions
Authors: Munirathinam N. , Pawaskar P. N.
Published: January 2019

Aim

The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of flattened and flattening filter-free (FFF) beam 6 MV photon beam for liver stereotactic body radiation therapy by using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique in deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) and free breathing condition.

Materials and methods

Eight liver metastasis patients (one to three metastasis lesions) were simulated in breath hold and free breathing condition. VMAT-based treatment plans were created for a prescription dose of 50 Gy in 10 fractions, using a 230° coplaner arc and 60° non-coplanar arc for both DIBH and free breathing study set. Treatment plans were evaluated for planning target volume (PTV) dose coverage, conformity and hot spots. Parallel and serial organs at risk were compared for average and maximum dose, respectively. Dose spillages were evaluated for different isodose volumes from 5 to 80%.

Result

Mean D98% (dose received by 98% target volume) for FFF in DIBH, flattened beam in DIBH, FFF in free breathing and flatten beam in free breathing dataset were 48·9, 47·81, 48·5 and 48·3 Gy, respectively. D98% was not statistically different between FFF and flatten beam (p = 0·34 and 0·69 for DIBH and free breathing condition). PTV V105% (volume receiving 105% dose) for the same set were 3·76, 0·25, 1·2 and 0·4%, respectively. Mean heterogeneity index for all study sets and beam models varies between 1·05 and 1·07. Paddik conformity index using unflattened and flattened beam in DIBH at 98% prescription dose were 0·91 and 0·79, respectively. Maximum variation of isodose volume was observed for I-5%, which was ranging between 2288·8 and 2427·2 cm3. Increase in isodose value shows a diminishing difference in isodose volumes between different techniques. DIBH yields a significant reduction in the chest wall dose compared with free breathing condition. Average monitor units for FFF beam in DIBH, flattened beam in DIBH, FFF beam in free breathing CT dataset and flattened beam in free breathing CT dataset were 1318·6 ± 265·1, 1940·3 ± 287·6, 1343·3 ± 238·1 and 2192·5 ± 252·6 MU.

Conclusion

DIBH and FFF is a good combination to reduce the treatment time and to achieve better tumour conformity. No other dosimetric gain was observed for FFF in either DIBH or free breathing condition.
Patient experience of supported computerized CBT in an inner-city IAPT service: a qualitative study
Authors: Perera-Delcourt Ramesh P. , Sharkey Gemma
Published: January 2019

Computerized cognitive behavioural therapy (cCBT) has been developed to address economic and clinical issues around limited access to evidence-based therapy. Supported cCBT (variously termed iCBT or eCBT) has been developed to address issues with the effectiveness of, and engagement with, cCBT. There has been no in-depth qualitative exploration of the patient experience of eCBT within the UK, which might aid improving its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to explore patient experience of eCBT in one inner-city National Health Service (NHS) Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service using a semi-structured interview and Thematic Analysis methodology. Ten patients took part. Six main themes were identified: (1) Being Offered eCBT; (2) How eCBT Compares with Self-help; (3) The Patient's State of Mind; (4) The Relationship with the Supporter; (5) Preferring to Talk; (6) eCBT's Value as a Treatment. Participants in this study indicated a preference for face-to-face talking therapy, but were clear that they could form a therapeutic relationship via asynchronous messaging. They reported clinical benefit from the eCBT programme and online relationship, and acknowledged that accessing this immediately was valuable. Issues around the process of selecting patients for eCBT, including with regard to acknowledging or mitigating any negative emotional effects of eCBT, and how to offer and support users with it, are discussed.
Time reversal imaging based on joint space–frequency and frequency–frequency data
Authors: Mu Tong , Song Yaoliang
Published: January 2019

A new time reversal (TR) method for target imaging is proposed in this paper. Through single measurement by the antenna array, the received signals are utilized to form the space–frequency–frequency multistatic data matrix (MDM). Singular value decomposition is applied to the matrix to obtain the left singular vectors which span the signal subspace. The obtained vectors are divided into multiple subvectors by two different schemes and used to provide target signatures in the form of coarse frequency dependence and relative phase shifts that can be exploited to construct the imaging function. The performance of the proposed method is investigated through numerical simulations for both single and multiple targets, and the results are compared with the traditional TR method using the frequency–frequency MDM. It turned out that the proposed method is able to achieve high resolution with limited array aperture and shows satisfactory robustness in noise environment. Furthermore, experimental results are provided to show the availability of the method in practical applications.
Comparative Judgment of Familiar Objects Is Modulated by Their	Size
Authors: Reynvoet Bert , Vos Helene , Henik Avishai
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Perceptual decisions such as that we have more strawberries than apples left in our fruit basket seem to be made effortlessly. However, it is not examined yet whether such decisions are also biased by the size of the objects, just like numerosity comparisons with meaningless dot arrays. We presented two homogeneous sets of larger and smaller fruits (e.g., three apples and four strawberries), and participants had to indicate which set was more numerous. Although accuracy was nearly perfect, a strong congruency effect was found in reaction times, showing it is more difficult to compare the numerosities of sets of 2 apples and 3 strawberries than the opposite, that is, 3 apples and 2 strawberries. Because the stimuli were selected to simulate everyday conditions as much as possible, the present results suggest that most likely also comparative numerosity judgment in daily life is biased by nonnumerical cues such as size of the objects.
3‐D Density, Thermal, and Compositional Model of the Antarctic Lithosphere and Implications for Its Evolution
Authors: Haeger C. , Kaban M. K. , Tesauro M. , Petrunin A. G. , Mooney W. D.
Published: January 2019

We create a 3‐D density, temperature, and composition model of the Antarctic lithosphere using an integrative approach combining gravity, topography, and tomography data with mineral physics constraints and seismic data on crustal structures. The latter is used to create a new Moho and crustal density model. Temperature and thermal density variations are estimated based on S wave velocities from two independent tomography models (SL2013sv and AN1‐S). Results of the Antarctic continent show the well‐known distinction between East and West Antarctica in temperature and density to a depth of about 200 km. Incorporating compositional variations in the temperature calculations increases temperatures in depleted regions by up to 150 °C, giving improved insights into thermal structures. The thickness of the lithospheric root also varies strongly between these regions, with values below 100 km in the west and above 200 km in the east. Regions with negative compositional density variations (<−0.040 g/cm3 at 100 km), high depletion (Mg # > 91.5), and low temperatures (<800 °C; central Dronning Maud Land, along the east flank of the Transantarctic Mountains) are interpreted as Precambrian cratonic fragments. Nearly undepleted lithosphere is found in the Lambert Graben and the Aurora Subglacial Basin and is attributed to Mesozoic rifting activity that has caused lithospheric rejuvenation.
Functional annotation of orthologs in metagenomes: a case study of genes for the transformation of oceanic dimethylsulfoniopropionate
Authors: González José M , Hernández Laura , Manzano Iris , Pedrós-Alió Carlos
Published: January 2019

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is produced mainly by phytoplankton and bacteria. It is relatively abundant and ubiquitous in the marine environment, where bacterioplankton make use of it readily as both carbon and sulfur sources. In one transformation pathway, part of the molecule becomes dimethylsulfide (DMS), which escapes into the atmosphere and plays an important role in the sulfur exchange between oceans and atmosphere. Through its other dominant catabolic pathway, bacteria are able to use it as sulfur source. During the past few years, a number of genes involved in its transformation have been characterized. Identifying genes in taxonomic groups not amenable to conventional methods of cultivation is challenging. Indeed, functional annotation of genes in environmental studies is not straightforward, considering that particular taxa are not well represented in the available sequence databases. Furthermore, many genes belong to families of paralogs with similar sequences but perhaps different functions. In this study, we develop in silico approaches to infer protein function of an environmentally important gene (dmdA) that carries out the first step in the sulfur assimilation from DMSP. The method combines a set of tools to annotate a targeted gene in genome databases and metagenome assemblies. The method will be useful to identify genes that carry out key biochemical processes in the environment.
DNA methylation in mice is influenced by genetics as well as sex and life experience
Authors: Grimm Sara A. , Shimbo Takashi , Takaku Motoki , Thomas James W. , Auerbach Scott , Bennett Brian D. , Bucher John R. , Burkholder Adam B. , Day Frank , Du Ying , Duncan Christopher G. , French John E. , Foley Julie F. , Li Jianying , Merrick B. Alex , Tice Raymond R. , Wang Tianyuan , Xu Xiaojiang ,   NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Barnabas Beatrice B. , Bouffard Gerard G. , Brooks Shelise Y. , Coleman Holly , Dekhtyar Lyudmila , Guan Xiaobin , Han Joel , Ho Shi-ling , Legaspi Richelle , Maduro Quino L. , Masiello Catherine A. , McDowell Jennifer C. , Montemayor Cassandra , Park Morgan , Riebow Nancy L. , Schandler Karen , Scharer Chanthra , Schmidt Brian , Sison Christina , Stantripop Sirintorn , Thomas Pamela J. , Vemulapalli Meghana , Young Alice C. , Bushel Pierre R. , Fargo David C. , Mullikin James C. , Wade Paul A.
Published: January 2019

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic process in mammals, intimately involved in gene regulation. Here we address the extent to which genetics, sex, and pregnancy influence genomic DNA methylation by intercrossing 2 inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6N and C3H/HeN, and analyzing DNA methylation in parents and offspring using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. Differential methylation across genotype is detected at thousands of loci and is preserved on parental alleles in offspring. In comparison of autosomal DNA methylation patterns across sex, hundreds of differentially methylated regions are detected. Comparison of animals with different histories of pregnancy within our study reveals a CpG methylation pattern that is restricted to female animals that had borne offspring. Collectively, our results demonstrate the stability of CpG methylation across generations, clarify the interplay of epigenetics with genetics and sex, and suggest that CpG methylation may serve as an epigenetic record of life events in somatic tissues at loci whose expression is linked to the relevant biology.
LEADeR role of miR-205 host gene as long noncoding RNA in prostate basal cell differentiation
Authors: Profumo Valentina , Forte Barbara , Percio Stefano , Rotundo Federica , Doldi Valentina , Ferrari Elena , Fenderico Nicola , Dugo Matteo , Romagnoli Dario , Benelli Matteo , Valdagni Riccardo , Dolfini Diletta , Zaffaroni Nadia , Gandellini Paolo
Published: January 2019

Though miR-205 function has been largely characterized, the nature of its host gene, MIR205HG, is still completely unknown. Here, we show that only lowly expressed alternatively spliced MIR205HG transcripts act as de facto pri-miRNAs, through a process that involves Drosha to prevent unfavorable splicing and directly mediate miR-205 excision. Notably, MIR205HG-specific processed transcripts revealed to be functional per se as nuclear long noncoding RNA capable of regulating differentiation of human prostate basal cells through control of the interferon pathway. At molecular level, MIR205HG directly binds the promoters of its target genes, which have an Alu element in proximity of the Interferon-Regulatory Factor (IRF) binding site, and represses their transcription likely buffering IRF1 activity, with the ultimate effect of preventing luminal differentiation. As MIR205HG functions autonomously from (albeit complementing) miR-205 in preserving the basal identity of prostate epithelial cells, it warrants reannotation as LEADeR (Long Epithelial Alu-interacting Differentiation-related RNA).
Noninvasive optical activation of Flp recombinase for genetic manipulation in deep mouse brain regions
Authors: Jung Hyunjin , Kim Seong-Wook , Kim Minsoo , Hong Jongryul , Yu Daseuli , Kim Ji Hye , Lee Yunju , Kim Sungsoo , Woo Doyeon , Shin Hee-Sup , Park Byung Ouk , Heo Won Do
Published: January 2019

Spatiotemporal control of gene expression or labeling is a valuable strategy for identifying functions of genes within complex neural circuits. Here, we develop a highly light-sensitive and efficient photoactivatable Flp recombinase (PA-Flp) that is suitable for genetic manipulation in vivo. The highly light-sensitive property of PA-Flp is ideal for activation in deep mouse brain regions by illumination with a noninvasive light-emitting diode. In addition, PA-Flp can be extended to the Cre-lox system through a viral vector as Flp-dependent Cre expression platform, thereby activating both Flp and Cre. Finally, we demonstrate that PA-Flp–dependent, Cre-mediated Cav3.1 silencing in the medial septum increases object-exploration behavior in mice. Thus, PA-Flp is a noninvasive, highly efficient, and easy-to-use optogenetic module that offers a side-effect-free and expandable genetic manipulation tool for neuroscience research.
Publisher Correction: Temporal control of gene expression by the pioneer factor Zelda through transient interactions in hubs
Authors: Dufourt Jeremy , Trullo Antonio , Hunter Jennifer , Fernandez Carola , Lazaro Jorge , Dejean Matthieu , Morales Lucas , Nait-Amer Saida , Schulz Katharine N. , Harrison Melissa M. , Favard Cyril , Radulescu Ovidiu , Lagha Mounia
Published: January 2019

The original version of this Article contained an error in Fig. 4a, in which the “=” sign of the equation was inadvertently replaced with a “-“ sign. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Tadalafil treatment in mice for preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction has neuro-benefic effects in offspring through modulating prenatal hypoxic conditions
Authors: Tachibana Ryota , Umekawa Takashi , Yoshikawa Kento , Owa Takao , Magawa Shoichi , Furuhashi Fumi , Tsuji Makoto , Maki Shintaro , Shimada Kyoko , Kaneda Michiko K. , Nii Masafumi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Tanaka Kayo , Kamimoto Yuki , Kondo Eiji , Kato Ineko , Ikemura Kenji , Okuda Masahiro , Ma Ning , Miyoshi Takekazu , Hosoda Hiroshi , Endoh Masayuki , Kimura Tadashi , Ikeda Tomoaki
Published: January 2019

We have demonstrated that tadalafil facilitates fetal growth in mice with L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced preeclampsia (PE) with fetal growth restriction (FGR). Tadalafil is a selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that dilates the maternal blood sinuses in the placenta, thereby facilitating the growth of the fetus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tadalafil treatment for PE and FGR on the developing brain in FGR offspring using an L-NAME-induced mouse model of PE with FGR. A control group of dams received carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). L-NAME-treated groups received L-NAME dissolved in CMC from 11 days post coitum (d.p.c.). The L-NAME-treated dams were divided into two subgroups 14 d.p.c. One subgroup continued to receive L-NAME. The other subgroup received L-NAME with tadalafil suspended in CMC. Tadalafil treatment for PE with FGR reduced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α in the placenta and in the brain of the FGR fetus. Moreover, tadalafil treatment in utero shows improved synaptogenesis and myelination in FGR offspring on postnatal day 15 (P15) and P30. These results suggest that tadalafil treatment for PE with FGR not only facilitates fetal growth, but also has neuroprotective effects on the developing brain of FGR offspring through modulating prenatal hypoxic conditions.
Arx Expression Suppresses Ventralization of the Developing Dorsal Forebrain
Authors: Lim Youngshin , Cho Il-Taeg , Shi Xiuyu , Grinspan Judith B. , Cho Ginam , Golden Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2019

Early brain development requires a tight orchestration between neural tube patterning and growth. How pattern formation and brain growth are coordinated is incompletely understood. Previously we showed that aristaless-related homeobox (ARX), a paired-like transcription factor, regulates cortical progenitor pool expansion by repressing an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. Here we show that ARX participates in establishing dorsoventral identity in the mouse forebrain. In Arx mutant mice, ventral genes, including Olig2, are ectopically expressed dorsally. Furthermore, Gli1 is upregulated, suggesting an ectopic activation of SHH signaling. We show that the ectopic Olig2 expression can be repressed by blocking SHH signaling, implicating a role for SHH signaling in Olig2 induction. We further demonstrate that the ectopic Olig2 accounts for the reduced Pax6 and Tbr2 expression, both dorsal specific genes essential for cortical progenitor cell proliferation. These data suggest a link between the control of dorsoventral identity of progenitor cells and the control of their proliferation. In summary, our data demonstrate that ARX functions in a gene regulatory network integrating normal forebrain patterning and growth, providing important insight into how mutations in ARX can disrupt multiple aspects of brain development and thus generate a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental phenotypes observed in human patients.
Recovering metals from aqueous solutions by biosorption onto phosphorylated dry baker’s yeast
Authors: Ojima Yoshihiro , Kosako Shogo , Kihara Maya , Miyoshi Norikazu , Igarashi Koichi , Azuma Masayuki
Published: January 2019

Biosorption is a cost-effective and simple technique for removing heavy metals and rare earth elements from aqueous solution. Here, metals were recovered from aqueous solutions using phosphorylated dry baker’s yeast cells. The cells were phosphorylated using cyclo-triphosphate, Na3P3O9. The total P content of the phosphorylated cells was ~1.0 mmol/g dry cell weight (DCW). The zeta potential of the phosphorylated cells was −45 mV, two times higher than for the non-phosphorylated cells. The strong negative charges of the phosphorylated cells allowed the cells to adsorb heavy metal ions such as Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+, the adsorption capacities of which reached ~1.0 mmol/g DCW. This adsorption capacity was the highest level found in the previous studies using yeast dead biomass. The adsorbed metal ions were easily desorbed in 0.1 M HCl. The phosphorylated cells also adsorbed rare earth ions including Ce3+, Dy3+, Gd3+, La3+, Nd3+, Y3+, and Yb3+ with high efficiency. Furthermore, the phosphorylated yeast cells selectively adsorbed the rare earth ions (Nd3+ and Yb3+) from a solution containing heavy metals and rare earth ions because trivalent positively charged ions were adsorbed preferentially over divalent ions. Thus, phosphorylated yeast cells therefore have great potential for use as novel bioadsorbents. It is also expected that this technique can be applied to many microbial materials as well as yeast.
Effects of smoking on cognition and BDNF levels in a male Chinese population: relationship with BDNF Val66Met polymorphism
Authors: Xia Haisen , Du Xiangdong , Yin Guangzhong , Zhang Yingyang , Li Xiaosi , Cai Junyi , Huang Xingbing , Ning Yuping , Soares Jair C. , Wu Fengchun , Zhang Xiang Yang
Published: January 2019

Recent studies demonstrate that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be associated with nicotine addiction, and circulating BDNF is a biomarker of memory and general cognitive function. Moreover, studies suggest that a functional polymorphism of the BDNF Val66Met may mediate hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions. We aimed to explore the relationships between smoking, cognitive performance and BDNF in a normal Chinese Han population. We recruited 628 male healthy subjects, inducing 322 smokers and 306 nonsmokers, and genotyped them the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. Of these, we assessed 114 smokers and 98 nonsmokers on the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS), and 103 smokers and 89 nonsmokers on serum BDNF levels. Smokers scored lower than the nonsmokers on RBANS total score (p = 0.002), immediate memory (p = 0.003) and delayed memory (p = 0.021). BDNF levels among the smokers who were Val allele carriers were correlated with the degree of cognitive impairments, especially attention, as well as with the carbon monoxide concentrations. Our findings suggest that smoking is associated with cognitive impairment in a male Chinese Han population. The association between higher BDNF levels and cognitive impairment, mainly attention in smokers appears to be dependent on the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism.
Temporal trends and inequalities in coronary angiography utilization in the management of non-ST-Elevation acute coronary syndromes in the U.S.
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Fischman David L. , Gulati Martha , Tamman Khalid , Potts Jessica , Kwok Chun Shing , Ensor Joie , Shoaib Ahmad , Mansour Hossam , Zaman Azfar , Savage Michael P. , Mamas Mamas A.
Published: January 2019

Coronary angiography (CA) is the basis of an invasive management strategy in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). There are limited contemporary data on national temporal trends in utilization of CA in different patient subgroups. We sought to investigate temporal trends, predictors and clinical outcomes associated with the use of CA in the US. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2004–2014, we identified all inpatient admissions, age ≥18, with a primary diagnosis of NSTEACS. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate temporal trends, predictors and clinical outcomes associated with CA. From a total of 4,380,827 patients, 57.5% received CA during the study period and were more likely to be male, younger and less comorbid as defined per Charlson comorbidity index. The proportion of patients receiving CA increased from 48.5% to 68.5%, however, higher proportional increase was observed in males (53.9% to 69.4% Ptrend < 0.001) and those age ≤60 years (59.0% to 77.9% Ptrend < 0.001). Prior history of CABG (OR 0.33 95%CI 0.35–0.36), previous PCI (OR 0.84 95%CI 0.83–0.86) and previous AMI (OR 0.65 95%CI 0.64–0.67) were inversely related with receipt of CA. Receipt of CA was strongly associated with decreased odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 0.38 95%CI 0.36–0.40). In this national analysis, we observed a temporal increase in utilization of CA albeit slower adoption was noted in older, women and more comorbid patients. The risk-treatment paradox wherein patients who are most likely to benefit were less likely to receive CA persists even in contemporary practice.
Considerations for high-yield, high-throughput cell enrichment: fluorescence versus magnetic sorting
Authors: Sutermaster Bryan A. , Darling Eric M.
Published: January 2019

Efficient sorting methods are required for the isolation of cellular subpopulations in basic science and translational applications. Despite this, throughputs, yields, viabilities, and processing times of common sorting methods like fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) are underreported. In the current study, we set out to quantify the ability of these sorting methods to separate defined mixtures of alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney (ALPL)-expressing and non-expressing cell types. Results showed that initial MACS runs performed using manufacturer’s recommended antibody and microbead concentrations produced inaccurate ALPL+ vs. ALPL− cell splits compared to FACS when ALPL+ cells were present in larger proportions (>~25%). Accuracy at all proportions could be achieved by using substantially higher concentrations of labeling reagents. Importantly, MACS sorts resulted in only 7–9% cell loss compared to ~70% cell loss for FACS. Additionally, MACS processing was 4–6 times faster than FACS for single, low proportion samples but took similar time for single, high-proportion samples. When processing multiple samples, MACS was always faster overall due to its ability to run samples in parallel. Average cell viability for all groups remained high (>83%), regardless of sorting method. Despite requiring substantial optimization, the ability of MACS to isolate increased cell numbers in less time than FACS may prove valuable in both basic science and translational, cell-based applications.
Effects of Mo addition on crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) in heat affected zones (HAZs) of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels
Authors: Lee Seok Gyu , Kim Bohee , Kim Woo Gyeom , Um Kyung-Keun , Lee Sunghak
Published: January 2019

Effects of Mo addition on microstructures and crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) in heat affected zones (HAZs) of three high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels were investigated in this study, and the correlation between them was explained by fracture mechanisms related with martensite-austenite constituent (MA) characteristics. The coarse-grained HAZ (CGHAZ) consisted of acicular ferrite (AF), granular bainite (GB), and bainitic ferrite (BF), whereas the inter-critically heated HAZ (ICHAZ) consisted of quasi-polygonal ferrite (QPF), GB, and MA. Since Mo promoted the formation of GB, BF, and MA and prevented the formation of AF and QPF, the CTOD decreased in both HAZs with increasing Mo content. According to the interrupted three-point bending test results of the ICHAZ where many MAs were distributed in the QPF or GB matrix, many voids were observed mainly at MA/QPF interfaces, which implied that the void initiation at the interfaces was a major fracture mechanism. The atomic probe data of MAs indicated the segregation of C, Mn, Mo, and P at MA/QPF interfaces, which could result in the easy MA/matrix interfacial debonding to initiate voids. Thus, characteristics of MA/QPF interfaces might affect more importantly the CTOD than the MA volume fraction or size.
Long-lived water clusters in hydrophobic solvents investigated by standard NMR techniques
Authors: Oka Kouki , Shibue Toshimichi , Sugimura Natsuhiko , Watabe Yuki , Winther-Jensen Bjorn , Nishide Hiroyuki
Published: January 2019

Unusual physical characteristics of water can be easier explained and understood if properties of water clusters are revealed. Experimental investigation of water clusters has been reported by highly specialized equipment and/or harsh experimental conditions and has not determined the properties and the formation processes. In the current work, we used standard 1H-NMR as a versatile and facile tool to quantitatively investigate water clusters in the liquid phase under ambient conditions. This approach allows collection of data regarding the formation, long lifetime, stability, and physical properties of water clusters, as a cubic octamer in the liquid phase.
Temporal dynamics of access to amodal representations of category-level conceptual information
Authors: Leonardelli Elisa , Fait Elisa , Fairhall Scott L.
Published: January 2019

Categories describe semantic divisions between classes of objects and category-based models are widely used for investigation of the conceptual system. One critical issue in this endeavour is the isolation of conceptual from perceptual contributions to category-differences. An unambiguous way to address this confound is combining multiple input-modalities. To this end, we showed participants person/place stimuli using name and picture modalities. Using multivariate methods, we searched for category-sensitive neural patterns shared across input-modalities and thus independent from perceptual properties. The millisecond temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) allowed us to consider the precise timing of conceptual access and, by confronting latencies between the two modalities (“time generalization”), how latencies of processing depends on the input-modality. Our results identified category-sensitive conceptual representations common between modalities at three stages and that conceptual access for words was delayed by about 90 msec with respect to pictures. We also show that for pictures, the first conceptual pattern of activity (shared between both words and pictures) occurs as early as 110 msec. Collectively, our results indicated that conceptual access at the category-level is a multistage process and that different delays in access across these two input-modalities determine when these representations are activated.
Monitoring ultrafast metallization in LaCoO3 with femtosecond soft x-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Izquierdo Manuel , Karolak Michael , Prabhakaran Dharmalingam , Boothroyd Andrew T. , Scherz Andreas O. , Lichtenstein Alexander , Molodtsov Serguei L.
Published: January 2019

The study of ultrafast dynamics is a new tool to understand and control the properties of correlated oxides. By enhancing some properties and realizing new dynamically excited phrases, this tool has opened new routes for technological applications. LaCoO3 is one paradigmatic example where the strong electron, spin, and lattice coupling induced by electronic correlations results in a low-temperature spin transition and a high-temperature semiconductor-to-metal transition that is still not completely understood. Here, we monitor ultrafast metallization in LaCoO3 using time-resolved soft x-ray reflectivity experiments. While the process is entangled at the Co L3 edge, the time information of the different channels is decrypted at different resonant energies of the O K edge. Metallization is shown to occur via transient electronic, spin, and lattice separation. Our results agree with the thermodynamical model and demonstrate the potential of femtosecond soft x-ray experiments at the O K edge to understand correlated oxides.
Fluoride binding by an anionic receptor: tuning the acidity of amide NH groups for basic anion hydrogen bonding and recognition
Authors: Montis Riccardo , Bencini Andrea , Coles Simon J. , Conti Luca , Fusaro Luca , Gale Philip A. , Giorgi Claudia , Horton Peter N. , Lippolis Vito , Mapp Lucy K. , Caltagirone Claudia
Published: January 2019

Here we report the first family of bis-amide receptors able to bind fluoride in their anionic form.
Modulating the expression of chirality in a mechanically chiral rotaxane
Authors: Gell Charles E. , McArdle-Ismaguilov Timur A. , Evans Nicholas H.
Published: January 2019

Expression of mechanical chirality by a rotaxane may be modulated by affecting the co-conformational behaviour through varying solvent or by addition of acid and base.
Radical-induced ring-opening and reconstruction of cyclobutanone oxime esters
Authors: Wang Panpan , Zhao Binlin , Yuan Yu , Shi Zhuangzhi
Published: January 2019

The first example of intramolecular ring-opening and reconstruction of cyclobutanone oxime esters via selective C–C bond cleavage leading to the synthesis of 3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2-carbonitriles in the presence of a cheap copper catalyst has been reported.
Direct synthesis of cubic phase CsPbI3 nanowires
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Dong Lvming , Tang Hanchuan , Yu Yan , Ye Lei , Zang Jianfeng
Published: January 2019

One-dimensional all-inorganic halide perovskites have emerged as one of the most prominent materials in the application of optoelectronic devices due to their remarkable properties such as a low number of defects, morphological anisotropy, mechanical flexibility and fast charge transfer capability.
Efficient bifunctional reactivity of K-doped CrO(OH) nanosheets: exploiting the combined role of Cr(iii) and surface –OH groups in tandem catalysis
Authors: Vernekar Dnyanesh , Ratha Satyajit , Rode Chandrashekhar , Jagadeesan Dinesh
Published: January 2019

Layered K-α-CrO(OH) nanosheets as a non-noble metal based tandem catalyst for sequential oxidation and coupling/condensation reactions.
A new ultraviolet transparent hydra-cyanurate K2(C3N3O3H) with strong optical anisotropy from delocalized π-bonds
Authors: Wang Naizheng , Liang Fei , Yang Yi , Zhang Shengzi , Lin Zheshuai
Published: January 2019

A new hydra-cyanurate K2(C3N3O3H) with high ultraviolet transparency (Eg ∼4.94 eV) and strong optical anisotropy (Δn ∼0.35) was synthesized by a slow evaporation method in aqueous solution.
Decomposing electronic and lattice contributions in optical pump – X-ray probe transient inner-shell absorption spectroscopy of CuO
Authors: Mahl Johannes , Neppl Stefan , Roth Friedrich , Borgwardt Mario , Saladrigas Catherine , Toulson Benjamin , Cooper Jason , Rahman Tahiyat , Bluhm Hendrik , Guo Jinghua , Yang Wanli , Huse Nils , Eberhardt Wolfgang , Gessner Oliver
Published: January 2019

Laser-induced energy deposition and heat transport in CuO is studied by picosecond time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Self-assembly of block copolymers during hollow fiber spinning: anin situsmall-angle X-ray scattering study
Authors: Sankhala Kirti , Wieland D. C. Florian , Koll Joachim , Radjabian Maryam , Abetz Clarissa , Abetz Volker
Published: January 2019

A study of the self-assembly of block copolymers in ordered and weakly segregated solutions after extrusion during fabrication of isoporous hollow fiber membranes.
Critical role of metal ions in surface engineering toward brightly luminescent and stable cesium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots
Authors: Zhang Congyang , Wang Bo , Wan Qun , Kong Long , Zheng Weilin , Li Zhichun , Li Liang
Published: January 2019

A facile metal ions-assistant ligand surface engineering strategy to synchronously boost photoluminescence quantum yield and stability of CsPbBr3 PQDs.
Ultra-low volume oxygen tolerant photoinduced Cu-RDRP
Authors: Liarou Evelina , Anastasaki Athina , Whitfield Richard , Iacono Carmelo E. , Patias Georgios , Engelis Nikolaos G. , Marathianos Arkadios , Jones Glen R. , Haddleton David M.
Published: January 2019

We introduce the first oxygen tolerant ultra-low volume (as low as 5 μL) photoinduced Cu-RDRP of a range of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and semi-fluorinated monomers.
NIR luminescence for the detection of metal ions and nitro explosives based on a grape-like nine-nuclear Nd(iii) nanocluster
Authors: Chen Hongfen , Yang Xiaoping , Jiang Dongmei , Schipper Desmond , Jones Richard A.
Published: January 2019

A Nd(iii) nanocluster with long Schiff base ligand shows interesting NIR luminescent sensing of both metal cations and nitro explosives, and exhibits high sensitivity to Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Co2+ ions and explosive HMX at the ppm level.
Superficial fabrication of gold nanoparticles modified CuO nanowires electrode for non-enzymatic glucose detection
Authors: Mishra Ashwini Kumar , Mukherjee Bratindranath , Kumar Amit , Jarwal Deepak Kumar , Ratan Smrity , Kumar Chandan , Jit Satyabrata
Published: January 2019

This paper describes a low-cost facile method to construct gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) modified copper oxide (CuO) nanowires (NWs) electrode on copper foil for the detection of glucose.
Improved electrical transport properties of polycrystalline La0.8(Ca0.12Sr0.08)MnO3 ceramics by Ag2O doping
Authors: Dong Gang , Sun Tao , Ji Fuquan , Liu Yang , Zhang Shuai , Yang Zhiheng , Yu Xiaohan , Duan Yunbiao , Li Zhidong , Liu Xiang
Published: January 2019

Polycrystalline La0.8(Ca0.12Sr0.08)MnO3:mol%Agx (LCSMO:Agx, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) ceramics were synthesized by the sol–gel technique.
Silver ferrite: a superior oxidizer for thermite-driven biocidal nanoenergetic materials
Authors: Wu Tao , Zachariah Michael R.
Published: January 2019

Al/AgFeO2 thermite offers very high pressurization rate and delivers bioavailable Ag particles.
Effect of calcium chloride on the uniformity of colouring in sushi red ginger slices by modulating the properties of starch
Authors: Jiao Liping , Xia Shuqin , Zhang Xiaoming , Liu Jianzeng , Yu Jingyang , Zhang Man , Wang Xuejiao , Qi Xiangzhen
Published: January 2019

4 mol L−1 CaCl2 change the crystallization and polarization properties of starch at room temperature, which made ginger coloring evenly.
Boron/nitrogen co-doped carbon synthesized from waterborne polyurethane and graphene oxide composite for supercapacitors
Authors: Li Rui , Qin Chuanli , Zhang Xuxu , Lin Zitong , Lv Shixian , Jiang Xiankai
Published: January 2019

We report B/N co-doped carbon materials synthesized by a carbonization method with ferric catalyst treatment from a precursor with boric acid treatment after the formation of the composite between waterborne polyurethane and graphene oxide.
First principles study of surface properties and oxygen adsorption on the surface of Al3Ti intermetallic alloys
Authors: Zhou Yang , Xiong Huihui , Yin Yanhong , Zhong Shengwen
Published: January 2019

The density functional theory (DFT) method was applied to study the structural, electronic and surface properties of low-index Al3Ti intermetallic materials.
Retracted Article: MiR-206 reduced the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by inhibiting MET and CTNNB1 gene expressions
Authors: He Qiang , Du Haiyan , Li Yundong
Published: January 2019

The anti-cancer role of miR-206 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells has been reported, but its mechanism of action remains poorly understood.
Working area effects on the energetic distribution of trap states and charge dynamics of dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Yan Wei , Huo Ming-Ming , Hu Rong , Wang Yong
Published: January 2019

The larger working area will deepen the energetic distribution of traps states of dye-sensitized solar cells.
Discovery of novel elongator protein 2 inhibitors by compound library screening using surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Xu Chang-Peng , Qi Yong , Cui Zhuang , Yang Ya-Jun , Wang Jian , Hu Yan-Jun , Yu Bin , Wang Fa-Zheng , Yang Qing-Po , Sun Hong-Tao
Published: January 2019

This study employed a label-free high-throughput library screening method and verified a drug candidate to reduce TNF-α induced differentiation inhibition.
Solid-state AIEnh-circularly polarised luminescence of chiral perylene diimide fluorophores
Authors: Taniguchi Ayano , Kaji Daiki , Hara Nobuyuki , Murata Ryosuke , Akiyama Shogo , Harada Takunori , Sudo Atsushi , Nishikawa Hiroyuki , Imai Yoshitane
Published: January 2019

Chiral N,N′-bis(1-phenylethyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide (BPP) exhibits solid-state aggregation-induced enhanced circularly polarized luminescence (AIEnh-CPL) in KBr, PMMA, and myo-IPU matrices..
Total synthesis of diazaquinomycins H and J using double Knorr cyclization in the presence of triisopropylsilane
Authors: Prior Allan M. , Sun Dianqing
Published: January 2019

The first total syntheses of antitubercular diazaquinomycins H (1) and J (2) were achieved in 25% and 21% overall yields, respectively.
Knockdown of FOXO6 inhibits cell proliferation and ECM accumulation in glomerular mesangial cells cultured under high glucose condition
Authors: Wang Yunqian , Xue Lei , Li Huicong , Shi Jun , Chen Baoping
Published: January 2019

Forkhead box O 6 (FOXO6), a FOX transcription factor, has been found to be involved in diabetes mellitus and related complications.
Free-standing supercapacitors from Kraft lignin nanofibers with remarkable volumetric energy density
Authors: Schlee Philipp , Herou Servann , Jervis Rhodri , Shearing Paul R. , Brett Dan J. L. , Baker Darren , Hosseinaei Omid , Tomani Per , Murshed M. Mangir , Li Yaomin , Mostazo-López María José , Cazorla-Amorós Diego , Jorge Sobrido Ana Belen , Titirici Maria-Magdalena
Published: January 2019

A very simple method to enhance the low volumetric energy density of free-standing carbon nanofiber electrodes.
[La(ηx-Bx)La]− (x = 7–9): a new class of inverse sandwich complexes
Authors: Chen Teng-Teng , Li Wan-Lu , Li Jun , Wang Lai-Sheng
Published: January 2019

Photoelectron spectroscopy and computational chemistry reveal that lanthanide elements can form a class of novel inverse sandwich complexes consisting of aromatic B7, B8, and B9 monocyclic rings.
Correction: Enantioselective, convergent synthesis of the ineleganolide core by a tandem annulation cascade
Authors: Craig Robert A. , Roizen Jennifer L. , Smith Russell C. , Jones Amanda C. , Virgil Scott C. , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Enantioselective, convergent synthesis of the ineleganolide core by a tandem annulation cascade’ by Robert A. Craig II et al., Chem. Sci., 2017, 8, 507–514.
Simulations of ionization equilibria in weak polyelectrolyte solutions and gels
Authors: Landsgesell Jonas , Nová Lucie , Rud Oleg , Uhlík Filip , Sean David , Hebbeker Pascal , Holm Christian , Košovan Peter
Published: January 2019

This article recapitulates the state of the art regarding simulations of ionization equilibria of weak polyelectrolyte solutions and gels.
Probing the self-assembled structures and pKa of hydrogels using electrochemical methods
Authors: Cross Emily R. , Adams Dave J.
Published: January 2019

We use electrochemical techniques to measure the surface chemical properties of the gelling aggregates and determine the pKa of gelators.
In situtunable pillaring of compact and high-density graphite fluoride with pseudocapacitive diamines for supercapacitors with combined predominance in gravimetric and volumetric performances
Authors: Zhao Fu-Gang , Kong Yu-Ting , Pan Bingyige , Hu Cheng-Min , Zuo Biao , Dong Xiaoping , Li Benxia , Li Wei-Shi
Published: January 2019

Graphene electrodes with ultrahigh volumetric & gravimetric capacitances were prepared through pillaring fluorographite sheets with pseudocapacitive diamines.
Rich-grain-boundary of Ni3Se2 nanowire arrays as multifunctional electrode for electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications
Authors: Shi Xin , Wang Hui , Kannan Palanisamy , Ding Jieting , Ji Shan , Liu Fusheng , Gai Hengjun , Wang Rongfang
Published: January 2019

Controllable nanoarchitecture arrays of the transition metal selenide, supported on conductive substrates, are promising materials for high-performance electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications.
Mesoporous cobalt–iron–organic frameworks: a plasma-enhanced oxygen evolution electrocatalyst
Authors: Chen Wenxia , Zhang Yiwei , Chen Guangliang , Huang Rong , Zhou Yuming , Wu Yangjin , Hu Yingjie , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken)
Published: January 2019

Developing highly active electrocatalysts with rich oxygen vacancies and precisely distributed metal sites holds exceptional promise for various renewable and sustainable energy technologies.
Tailoring natural layered β-phase antimony into few layer antimonene for Li storage with high rate capabilities
Authors: Gao Yujie , Tian Weifeng , Huo Chengxue , Zhang Kan , Guo Shiying , Zhang Shengli , Song Xiufeng , Jiang Lianfu , Huo Kaifu , Zeng Haibo
Published: January 2019

Downsizing alloy anode materials has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to alleviate volume expansion and prolong the cycling performance for lithium (Li) ion storage.
A small molecule donor containing a non-fused ring core for all-small-molecule organic solar cells with high efficiency over 11%
Authors: Li Xinxin , Wang Yan , Zhu Qinglian , Guo Xia , Ma Wei , Ou Xuemei , Zhang Maojie , Li Yongfang
Published: January 2019

All-small-molecule OSCs based on a new small molecule, P2TBR, with a non-fused ring core exhibited a record-breaking PCE of 11.5%.
Sodium storage in hard carbon with curved graphene platelets as the basic structural units
Authors: Wang Ke , Xu Yaobin , Li Yuan , Dravid Vinayak , Wu Jinsong , Huang Ying
Published: January 2019

The mechanism of sodium storage in hard carbon has been revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy.
Vacuum-deposited perovskite photovoltaics for highly efficient environmental light energy harvesting
Authors: Chen Chien-Yu , Lee Wei-Hung , Hsiao Sheng-Yi , Tsai Wei-Lun , Yang Lin , Lin Hong-Lin , Chou He-Jun , Lin Hao-Wu
Published: January 2019

The performance of vacuum-deposited organometal halide perovskite devices under low-intensity illumination was investigated. Both small- and large-area devices exhibited high power conversion efficiencies up to 30.1% and 24.9%, respectively, with excellent long-term stabilities more than one year.
Structural exploration of hydrophobic core in polycationic micelles for improving siRNA delivery efficiency and cell viability
Authors: Huang Wenjun , Wang Xiaoxia , Wang Changrong , Du Lili , Zhang Jianhua , Deng Liandong , Cao Huiqing , Dong Anjie
Published: January 2019

Improving siRNA delivery efficiency often encounters a dilemma with poor or decreased biocompatibility for polycationic micelles.
Biomimetic preparation of silicon quantum dots and their phytophysiology effect on cucumber seedlings
Authors: Li Yanjuan , Li Wei , Zhang Haoran , Dong Riyue , Li Dongna , Liu Yingliang , Huang Ling , Lei Bingfu
Published: January 2019

In this study, a biomimetic synthetic strategy was proposed for a facile preparation of red fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) using unicellular algae of diatoms as reaction precursor.
The limit to realize an isolated magnetic single skyrmionic state
Authors: Devi Mayanglambam Manolata , Koshibae Wataru , Sharma Gyaneshwar , Tomar Ruchi , Gaikwad Vishwajit M. , Varma Rahul Mahavir , Nair Maya Narayanan , Jha Menaka , Sarma D. D. , Chatterjee Ratnamala , Ganguli Ashok Kumar , Chakraverty Suvankar
Published: January 2019

The limit to realize an isolated single skyrmion is investigated when the particle size approaches to the length scale of the relevant order parameter.
Formation of bismuth iron oxide based core–shell structures and their dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties
Authors: Panda Alaka , Govindaraj R. , Mythili R. , Amarendra G.
Published: January 2019

Bismuth and iron oxides subjected to ball milling followed by controlled annealing treatments showed the formation of core–shell nanostructures with Bi2Fe4O9 as the core and a shell of BiFeO3 and Bi25FeO40 phases as deduced based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy results.
Pulsed electrochemical deposition of porous WO3 on silver networks for highly flexible electrochromic devices
Authors: Wang Yanan , Meng Zhaohui , Chen Hou , Li Teng , Zheng Dajiang , Xu Qingchi , Wang Hao , Liu Xiang Yang , Guo Wenxi
Published: January 2019

Uniform and lamellar-porous WO3 films were successfully prepared on a flexible Ag nanofiber (Ag NF) network film via a pulsed electrochemical deposition method for highly flexible electrochromic devices.
Correction: Mutual energy transfer luminescent properties in novel CsGd(MoO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+/Ho3+ phosphors for solid-state lighting and solar cells
Authors: Li Kai , Van Deun Rik
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Mutual energy transfer luminescent properties in novel CsGd(MoO4)2:Yb3+,Er3+/Ho3+ phosphors for solid-state lighting and solar cells’ by Kai Li et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06538a.