bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards rapid and accurate navigators for motion and B0 estimation using QUEEN (QUantitatively-Enhanced parameter Estimation from Navigators)
Authors: Brackenier Yannick , Wang Nan , Liao Congyu , Cao Xiaozhi , Schauman Sophie , Yurt Mahmut , Cordero-Grande Lucilio , Malik Shaihan , Kerr Adam , Hajnal Joseph , Setsompop Kawin
Published: August 2024

‘Scout-based’ navigators exploit correlations between navigator data and a low-resolution multi-coil pre-scan data (scout) to effectively estimate either motion or B0-perturbations. Usually, scout data has a fixed contrast, limiting their usage in estimating motion within echo-trains where contrast changes from one readout to the next (e.g. MPRAGE). Furthermore, combined motion and B0-perturbation estimation from rapid navigators has yet to be achieved. In this work, we propose a quantitative scout (Q-SCOUT) to ‘time-resolve’ navigator contrast, along with a rapid SPINS-navigator (few ms). Q-SCOUT and rapid navigator data are used in our QUEEN method to enable within-echo-train motion and B0-perturbation estimation.
Spiral-In/Out MR Elastography with Fat-Water Image Reconstruction for the Quantification of Skull and Brain Motion
Authors: Diano Alexa , Cerjanic Alex , Bailey Olivia , McIlvain Grace , Johnson Curtis
Published: August 2024

This study uses a novel multishot spiral-in/out fat-water magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) pulse sequence to simultaneously measure skull and brain motion in vivo in a single acquisition. Results in a healthy volunteer showed reduced transmission of motion from the skull to the brain in all three directions of motion. Additionally, the motion of the skull and brain appear to be in phase, with the scalp moving out of phase and most overall displacement in the direction of actuation. This research provides a basis for future studies quantifying skull-brain coupling with multiple actuation frequencies and excitation directions.
Optogenetic modulation of the mouse default mode network with a single tapered fiber
Authors: de Guzman Elizabeth , Spagnolo Barbara , Pisano Filippo , Pisanello Marco , Galbusera Alberto , Balasco Luigi , Bozzi Yuri , De Vittorio Massimo , Fellin Tommaso , Pisanello Ferruccio , Gozzi Alessandro
Published: August 2024

The default mode network (DMN) is a distributed functional system of the human brain widely studied with fMRI due to its involvement in advanced cognitive processes and its dysregulation in a variety of brain disorders. Causal perturbations of this network in physiologically accessible species are critically required to probe its circuit organization and the underpinnings of its (dys)function. Here we show that tapered fiber optogenetic technology enables the reliable stimulation of key DMN nodes in a frequency dependent fashion, overcoming the limitations of traditional optogenetic approaches.
3.0T Whole-Heart Contrast‑Enhanced Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography Using Ferumoxytol: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Liu Yuehong , Sun Bin , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Chen , Fan Xuewei , Li Zhenyu , An Jing , Yang Qi
Published: August 2024

This study suggested the feasibility of combining low-dose ferumoxytol (2.0-3.0 mg/kg) with ECG-triggered, navigator-gated, inversion-recovery prepared, segmented gradient-echo sequence to obtain high-quality sub-millimeter 3D whole-heart CMRA images under free-breathing for approximately 7 mins on MR 3.0T scanner. Compared to gadobenate, ferumoxytol produced more intense and prolonged cardiac vessel enhancement (24-36 hours) Ferumoxytol could help to reduce acquisition time of CMRA while maintaining a high signal-to-noise ratio, great image quality, and clear delineation of the coronary arteries. This study of healthy volunteers also suggested that ferumoxytol-enhanced CMRA has the potential to identify patients without coronary artery disease.
QRAGE - Multi-Echo MPnRAGE and Model-Based Reconstruction for Quantitative MRI of Water Content, T1, T2* and Magnetic Susceptibility at 7T
Authors: Zimmermann Markus , Abbas Zaheer , Sommer Yannic , Lewin Alexander , Ramkiran Shukti , Oros-Peusquens Ana-Maria , Yun Seong Dae , Shah N. Jon
Published: August 2024

The development of fast, accurate, and robust methods for multiparametric quantitative MRI (qMRI) at ultrahigh field strength remains an important topic of research. Here, we present a novel qMRI technique for the simultaneous quantification of water content, T1, T2*, and magnetic susceptibility, termed QRAGE. The proposed method combines a highly undersampled multi-echo MPnRAGE sequence with a model-based reconstruction approach. It acquires 171 different contrasts with full brain coverage and 1 mm isotropic resolution within 7:20 min from which the parametric maps are estimated. The accuracy and precision of QRAGE are demonstrated by comparison to gold-standard reference methods.
MR-STAT for fast contrast agent uptake quantification
Authors: Xu Fei , Liu Hongyan , Mandija Stefano , van den Heide Oscar , Versteeg Edwin , Fuderer Miha , van den Berg Cornelis , Sbrizzi Alessandro
Published: August 2024

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) uptake has the ability to facilitate disease diagnosis. In this work, we implement MR-STAT for fast contrast agent uptake quantification by applying keyhole acquisition and regularized reconstruction. We first analyze the accuracy of the proposed method on gadolinium-doped gel phantoms and observe that accurate T1 mapping of post-injection can be achieved with a keyhole factor of 25%. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of lower (20% vs 100%) GBCA dose administration on simulated clinical data. The quantification of pathologic T1 change for low-dose administration was comparable to that for full-dose.
Rapid Isotropic 3D T2 Mapping of the Knee using Dual-Echo Steady-State MRI with Compressed Sensing Reconstruction
Authors: Shih Shu-Fu , Zhang Zhaohuan , Deb Ashmita , Zhong Xiaodong , Ryan Timothy , Wu Holden
Published: August 2024

MRI T2 mapping of cartilage has been shown to be useful in characterization and monitoring of osteoarthritis (OA). Compared to conventional spin echo-based sequences, the 3D dual-echo steady-state (DESS) sequence can provide faster T2 mapping. Previous works proposed 3D DESS T2 mapping in the knee using anisotropic resolution (e.g., in-plane resolution of 0.3x0.3mm2 and slice thickness of 1.5-3mm), which limits the depiction of fine structures in 3D multiplanar reformatted images. This work investigated 3D DESS T2 mapping in the knee with isotropic acquired resolution of 0.66x0.66x0.66 mm3 and used compressed sensing (CS) to accelerate the acquisition time to <5 minutes.
Quantitative relaxometry values can effectively assist menicius injury level in knee
Authors: Wang Huizheng , Liu Weiyin , Chen Wen , Jiang Jingyu , Sang Ling , Zhang Peng , Chen Hu
Published: August 2024

Knee meniscus tears cause fibrocartilage degeneration. Grade III meniscus is viewed as complete meniscus injury and should be further confirmed for the requirement of surgical intervention via arthroscopy. MAGiC provides quantitative relaxometry values. Our study showed that Grade III meniscus can be distinguished from Grade II ones using T1, T2 and PD. This finding suggested MAGiC can assist clinical follow-ups of knee meniscus and screen the indications for arthroscopic surgery.
The Effect of Respiratory and Cardiac Motion States on B0 Shimming at 3T
Authors: Huang Yuheng , Guan Xingmin , Zhang Xinheng , Tang Liqi(Richard) , Yoosefian Ghazal , Bi Xiaoming , Han Fei , Lee HsuLei , Han Hui , Christodoulou Anthony , Li Debiao , Dharmakumar Rohan , Yang Hsin-Jung
Published: August 2024

B0 inhomogeneity imposes imaging artifacts on CMR images and compromises the reliability of popular B0-sensitive sequences such as SSFP at 3T. B0 shimming is the standard way to improve the B0 field. However, motion-induced field inhomogeneity is an unknown factor in routine practice and compromises B0 shimming. Here, we adopted a motion-resolved mGRE CMR sequence to investigate the cardiac B0 field perturbation caused by cardiac and respiratory motion. We found that respiratory motion has more impact on field inhomogeneity. We recommend acquiring a field map for shimming under an end-expiration breath-hold for better shimming and imaging at 3T CMR.
Advances in Post-Perfusion Venous Territories Imaging with Displacement Spectrum Imaging (DiSpect)
Authors: Karasan Ekin , Chen Jingjia , Maravilla Julian , Zhang Zhiyong , Liu Chunlei , Lustig Michael
Published: August 2024

DiSpect resolves the multi-dimensional displacement spectrum that spins exhibit between tagging and imaging. Previously, we showed that DiSpect can be used to trace blood draining from the capillary bed through the cerebral venous system. This work presents three innovations: 1) Validation of our results with flow phantom experiments and comparison of our in-vivo data with a detailed QSM-venogram. 2) Interleaved imaging to simultaneously probe the deep and superficial veins. 3) Use of a conformal head-cap array for imaging, with higher SNR, allowing dynamic measurement of vein drainage and observation of venous territories across large time scales.
Modified dual-contrast multi-shot 3D EPI for distortion-free and fast acquisition of simultaneous MR angiography and venography (DEPSAV)
Authors: Wu Yue , Weng Dehe , An Jing , Xue Rong , Zhuo Yan , Zhang Zihao
Published: August 2024

GRE-based vascular imaging suffers from the low acquisition efficiency. In this study, we presented a new 3D dual-contrast multishot-EPI based acquisition method called DESPAV for simultaneous MR angiography and venography. Full flow compensation for K-space center line and novel Center-out trajectory was implemented. A reconstruction pipeline was developed to correct for inter-shot phase errors, off-resonance induced artifact, and enable distortion-free multi-shot joint reconstruction. Preliminary results showed that DEPSAV can provide fast intracranial arterial and venous vasculature depiction with comparable contrast and image quality to 3D GRE-based TOF/SWI, while achieve ~3-fold reduction in acquisition time.
Magnetization transfer imaging of patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Authors: Roth Alison , Dortch Richard
Published: August 2024

New biomarkers are needed in Guillain-Barre Syndrome to predict patient recovery and severe complications and aid in drug development. We propose using magnetization transfer (MT) MRI to measure myelin content to act as such a biomarker. We have shown the ability of the MT imaging to visualize the cauda equina, but further work is needed to confirm these differences and biomarker suitability.
Multiresolution comparison of fetal CINE MRI at 0.55 T
Authors: Goolaub Datta Singh , Tian Ye , van Amerom Joshua , Wood John , Detterich Jon , Nayak Krishna , Macgowan Christopher
Published: August 2024

In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of CINE fetal CMR at 0.55 T at multiple spatial resolutions. First, real-time images are reconstructed for motion-correction and cardiac gating. Fetal cardiac CINEs are then reconstructed using the corrected data. Retrospective CINEs have higher SNR relative to their corresponding real-time reconstructions. Feasibility of the pipeline is demonstrated for up to 1.0 mm in-plane resolution. Good cardiac structure conspicuity is observed at coarse spatial resolutions in real-times and at all spatial resolutions in CINEs.
Site Effects in Multisite Fetal Brain MRI: a Morphological Study of Early Brain Development
Authors: Xu Xinyi , Xu Haoan , Zheng Tianshu , Wang Yutian , Zhou Chi , Xiao Jiaxin , Chen Ruike , Li Mingyang , Sun Cong , Wang Guangbin , Kong Xianglei , Zhu Qingqing , Wang Jingshi , Yu Hong , Zou Yu , Yan Guohui , Wu Dan
Published: August 2024

Studies have shown that the non-biological site-related effects may induce bias in multisite neuroimaging studies among adults and adolescents. It is unknown how site effects would affect the analysis of fetal brain MRI and which acquisition factors are critical in quantitative analysis. In this study, we identified site effects, including manufacture, field strength, in-plane resolution, and slice-thickness on volume and cortical thickness measurements in normal fetuses. We also showed these site effects could be effectively removed with ComBat-GAM while preserving developmental pattern indicating that the harmonization procedure is necessary when combing multisite imaging data to study fetal brain morphological development.
Whole Body Mouse EPR Oxygen Imaging of Implanted Beta Cell Replacement Devices
Authors: Kotecha Mrignayani , Viswakarma Navin , Hameed Safa , Siddiqui Eliyas , Epel Feya , Stabler Cherie , Ma Minglin , Epel Boris
Published: August 2024

Beta-cell replacement therapy remains the only approach with a clinical proof-of-concept that demonstrates long-term insulin independence can be achieved in type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients. The major challenge for beta cell replacement devices is to keep cells viable by avoiding hypoxia until vascularization is established. We hypothesize that by performing oxygen imaging and controlling the oxygenation of the devices early on, we can achieve better survival of beta cells and, consequently, better T1D reversal. EPROI is a quantitative oxygen imaging method that was used for obtaining pO2 maps in three different beta cell replacement devices in this study.
Renal impairment characterization of patients with systemic sclerosis by multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tong Xinyu , He Huilin , Ning Zihan , Shen Rui , He Zuoxiang , Zhao Xihai , Xu Dong
Published: August 2024

Renal microstructure and functional impairment in systemic sclerosis were characterized using multi-parametric quantitative MR imaging including SAMURAI, DWI and BOLD sequences. The mean values of T1, RBF, aBAT, tBAT, ADC, T2* in renal cortex and volume of renal parenchyma were quantified. Compared to healthy volunteers, patients with systemic sclerosis had significantly lower mean RBF values in both sides of renal cortex. This study revealed that decline of RBF in systemic sclerosis may indicate the pathology of microvascular impairment of renal tissues.
Medial Temporal Brain Stiffness Predicts Cognition Decline in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Pavuluri KowsalyaDevi , Huston John , Ehman Richard L. , Manduca Armando , Vemuri Prashanthi , Jack Clifford R. , Senjem Matthew L. , Murphy Matthew C.
Published: August 2024

Aging is associated with neurodegeneration, cognitive function decline, and increased risk of dementia. Objective methods for the longitudinal prediction of cognitive trajectories are needed for design of comprehensive prevention strategies. We tested the hypothesis that measurements of brain mechanical properties will complement existing biomarkers in predicting future cognitive decline. Using linear mixed effect modelling, we evaluated the role of baseline medial temporal stiffness in predicting future cognitive function in participants along the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum.
Brain-wide fMRI Connectivity and Regional Genetic Modulations underlying Optogenetically-evoked Spindles in Rescuing Memory Decline in Aging
Authors: Wang Xunda , Chong Pit Shan , Lim Lee-Wei , Leong Alex T. L. , Wu Ed X.
Published: August 2024

Memory consolidation, the ability to transform newly learned information into long-term memory, declines with age. Our previous study revealed targeted neuromodulation of spindle activities can arrest memory consolidation dysfunction in aging brains through strengthening multi-target memory representations. However, whether and how spindle activities influence memory consolidation via acting on inter-regional information integration remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate in aging animals that optogenetically-evoked spindle activities alleviate memory consolidation dysfunction through modulating brain-wide inter-regional connectivity and regional genetic expression. Our work provides an approach combining fMRI analysis and genetic expression profiling to bridge systems- and molecular-level understandings of memory consolidation.
Metabolite T1 relaxation times differ across the adult lifespan
Authors: Murali-Manohar Saipavitra , Gudmundson Aaron T. , Hupfeld Kathleen E. , Zöllner Helge J. , Hui Steve C.N. , Song Yulu , Davies-Jenkins Christopher W. , Gong Tao , Wang Guangbin , Oeltzschner Georg , Edden Richard A.E.
Published: August 2024

This work investigates the age-dependence of metabolite T1 relaxation times at 3T. T1 relaxation times were estimated by modeling the residual metabolite amplitudes in macromolecular spectra, acquired with pre-inversion. Posterior cingulate (PCC) and centrum semiovale (CSO) spectra were acquired in 102 healthy volunteers across five decades of adult life (20 to 69 years). T1 relaxation times of both tNAA2.0 and tCr3.0 significantly negatively correlated with age in CSO, and not in PCC. This has important implications for MRS studies of aging which tend to assume T1 relaxation times are constant as a function of age.
Carotid wall shear stress and wall thickness in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and their healthy siblings
Authors: Peper Eva , Alblas Dieuwertje , Merton Renske , van den Bosch Sibbeliene , Spakman Anne , Coolen Bram , Strijkers Gustav , Nederveen Aart , Wiegman Albert , Wolterink Jelmer , Hutten Barbara , van Ooij Pim
Published: August 2024

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) leads to premature atherosclerosis. In this study we use 4D flow and 3D black blood (BB) MRI to investigate carotid artery wall shear stress (WSS) and wall thickness (WT) 3D maps and their relation, in FH patients on lifelong statin prescriptions and their unaffected siblings (n=234). We applied machine learning segmentation technology and 3D statistical analysis methods and found that ensemble-averaged carotid WSS and WT maps were highly similar between the groups. However, the 3D carotid correlation coefficient maps showed lower agreement between WT and WSS in patients, suggesting abnormal wall remodeling processes compared to the siblings.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-based interstitial fluid pressure model in evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Xu Guixiao , Xie Chuanmiao , Li Hui , He Yun , Ke Liangru , Liu Haibin , Zheng Liyun , Dai Yongming
Published: August 2024

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is cancer arising from the nasopharynx epithelium. The most widely researched etiological factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Elevated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is a significant biomarker for assessing head and neck malignant tumors. This study aimed to use the non-invasive dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)-based IFP model to evaluate nasopharyngeal carcinoma and distinguish the differences between nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with low and high EBV-infected levels. As a result, the non-invasive DCE-MRI-based IFP model could be used to evaluate nasopharyngeal carcinoma and differentiate patients with high- and low-level plasma EBV DNA.
Non-motor Correlates of Pedunculopontine Nucleus Projection Denervation in Parkinson’s Disease with Sleep Disturbances
Authors: Seow Pohchoo , Shih Yao-Chia , Hartono Septian , Chai Pik Hsien , Lee Weiling , Chen Celeste , Tan Eng King , Chan Ling Ling
Published: August 2024

The mechanism by which involvement of the cholinergic pathways underlies the non-motor manifestations of Parkinsonian disorders remains unclear. We mapped and investigated the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) projections that exhibit significant correlations with sleep disturbances in 80 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and 110 healthy controls (HC) using correlational tractography. Intracellular and extracellular diffusivity (RDI and NRDI metrics respectively) demonstrated significant correlations (r=0.06-0.14, FDR<0.05) with sleep abnormalities in the PPN projections of PD compared to HC. Our findings established non-motor markers of PPN system denervation with sleep disturbances to further understand the pathophysiology of non-motor symptoms in PD.
Characterizing pathological grade and ﻿histological variant of bladder urothelial carcinoma with a continuous-time random walk diffusion model
Authors: Wang Wei , Xue Ke , Dai Yongming , Qiu Jianxing
Published: August 2024

Accurately determining the histologic grade and variant status is essential. In this study, the diagnostic value of the CTRW model in characterizing histological grade or histological variants was evaluated and compared with ADC. The optimal diagnostic performance of CTRW diffusion model suggested it could provide more diagnostic value than conventional ADC not only for pathological grading but also for histological variant of bladder urothelial carcinoma.
Feasibility of Measuring Magnetic Resonance Elastography-derived Stiffness in Aortic Dissection
Authors: Hirad Adnan , fakhouri Faisal , Raterman Brian , Gonring Dakota , Kolipaka Arunark , Mix Doran
Published: August 2024

Type-B aortic dissection represents a serious medical emergency with up to a 50% associated 5-year mortality caused by thoracic aorta, dissection-associated aneurysmal (DAA) degeneration, and rupture. Unfortunately, conventional diagnostic methods cannot distinguish high-risk DAAs that benefit from surgical intervention from stable DAAs. Our goal is to use DAA stiffness measured with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a biomarker to distinguish high-risk DAAs from stable DAAs. This is a feasibility study using MRE to 1) measure stiffness in hydrogel phantoms with human-like dissection geometries and 2) demonstrate the first successful application of MRE to the thoracic aorta of a human volunteer.
High-resolution MR vessel wall imaging combined with Mediterranean diet adherence screener for evaluation of prognosis of ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Xiaochun , Zheng Wenqiao
Published: August 2024

To evaluate the prognosis of ischemic stroke (IS) by plaque characteristics based on high-resolution MR vessel wall imaging combined with Mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS). IS patients were divided into two groups according to their prognosis. Clinical data and plaque characteristics were obtained and compared between groups. The correlation between these characteristics and prognosis was investigated by multivariate analysis. The ROC curves were further performed to determine their predictive performance. NIHSS score, MEDAS score, and plaque enhancement ratio were independent predictors of IS prognosis. Noteworthy, the combined model of three parameters showed significant superiority in the prognosis evaluation of IS.
3D Isotropic black-blood cine MRI of intracranial arteries
Authors: Balu Niranjan , Zhang Kaiyu , Hatsukami Thomas , Yuan Chun
Published: August 2024

Pulsatile motion of intracranial arteries may provide useful diagnostic information of intracranial vascular pathology. We develop an isotropic 3D black-blood whole brain MRI method for assessment of intracranial vascular pulsation. Comparison of the black-blood with 2D bright-blood PC-MRA and assessment of luminal boundary changes across the cardiac cycle suggest that pulsation of large intracranial arteries can be detected and measured by black-blood cine MRI.
Mapping neuromelanin loss in clinically uncertain parkinsonism differentiates neurodegenerative from non-neurodegenerative
Authors: Xing Yue , Pszczolkowski Stefan , Naidu Saadnah , Hayat Tayyib , Evans Jonathan , Tench Christophe , Stefan Schwarz , Auer Dorothee
Published: August 2024

Brain dopamine transporter SPECT imaging is routinely used to assess striatal dopaminergic deficit in the differentiation of essential tremor from degenerative parkinsonism in clinically uncertain parkinsonism (CUP). Neuromelanin (NM)-MRI detects nigral depigmentation with good diagnostic accuracy in confirmed Parkinson’s Disease; but its diagnostic value in CUP is unclear. Using voxel-based analysis following optimised automatic registration, we investigated the topography of NM loss in CUP, and show that voxels that best discriminate between non-neurodegenerative and neurodegenerative CUP are co-located in the dorsolateral substantia nigra.
Evidence of association between lower cerebral white matter myelin content and rapid cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired individuals
Authors: Gong Zhaoyuan , Bilgel Murat , Kiely Matthew , Triebswetter Curtis , Ferrucci Luigi , Resnick Susan , Spencer Richard , Bouhrara Mustapha
Published: August 2024

Myelin plays an essential role in the normal functioning of the central nervous system. However, how myelination influences longitudinal changes in cognitive performance, especially in cognitively normal (CN) individuals, remains unclear. Using a linear mixed-effects regression analysis, we examined the association between myelin content and changes in cognitive domain scores obtained over several years prior to the time of the MRI scan. We demonstrated strong and statistically significant relationships between myelin content and the rates of change in cognitive performance in several white matter regions. These findings highlight the importance of white matter, specifically myelin integrity, in cognitive functioning.
Controlled Modeling of Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Artifacts with a Simple Digital Spine Phantom
Authors: Litwiller Daniel , Hinks R , Gaddipati Ajeetkumar , Kolupar Trevor , Banerjee Suchandrima
Published: August 2024

Robust spine imaging with conventional fast spin echo remains a clinical challenge due to motion artifacts from multiple sources. Flow artifacts from cerebrospinal fluid can be especially problematic for assessments of the spinal cord itself. In addition, judging the effectiveness of various protocol modifications can be challenging in vivo due to the stochastic nature of the relationship between image timing and the cardiac cycle. In this work, we present results of a simple digital spine phantom that can be used in the controlled evaluation of strategies to mitigate artifacts from CSF flow.
Spatially Explicit Analysis of Tumor Hypoxia Heterogeneity from IVIM MRI Predicted Survival of Higher-Grade Glioma
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Cao Mengqiu , Song Yang , Yang Guang , Zhou Yan
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the feasibility of spatially explicit analysis based on IVIM MRI to identify hypoxia-related habitats with higher-grade glioma, and to predict progress-free survival in patients. The results showed that spatial explicit analysis on IVIM MRI could be an appropriate method for distinguishing different hypoxic subregions in glioma. In addition, the volume percentage of less hypoxic habitats can effectively predict progress-free survival in higher-grade glioma.
Accelerated imaging of resected lymph nodes at high spatial resolution using a portable low-field MRI scanner
Authors: de Lange Arthur , Alić Lejla , Haken Bennie ten , Simonis Frank
Published: August 2024

After sentinel lymph nodes are detected using SPIONs and excised, their characterization is important to detect possible metastases. In this research a low-field (0.5T) tabletop MRI scanner was tested for this purpose using 4x accelerated high resolution 3D acquisition. Both simulations and experiments on excised pig lymph nodes showed promising results, with the accelerated scans showing similar image quality with respect to fully sampled datasets. This protocol shows lymph nodes can be imaged at 0.25 mm isotropic resolution within reasonable scan times. Clinical usage should be proven by scanning true metastatic lymph nodes.
Quantitative MR evaluation of pancreas parenchyma in patients with IPMN: association with tumor progression
Authors: Maeba Kiyoka , Kanki Akihiko , Fukukura Yoshihiko , Sotozono Hidemitsu , Yamamoto Akira , Tamada Tsutomu
Published: August 2024

This study focused on the feasibility of quantitative MR evaluation of the pancreas parenchyma in patients with IPMN as a non-invasive tool for predicting the risk of malignancy. Our study showed that increased signal intensity on T2WI and longer T1 relaxation time were associated with a higher risk of malignant IPMN. These results suggested that quantitative MR evaluation of the underlying pancreas parenchyma in patients with IPMN can be a surrogate marker for predicting malignant IPMN.
B0 Dependence of Magnetization Transfer and Spin Relaxation Times
Authors: Flassbeck Sebastian , Mao Andrew , Assländer Jakob
Published: August 2024

We demonstrate an approach to quantify unconstrained MT parameter mapping and utilized this approach to study the magnetic field dependence of the relaxation and MT parameters. The largest field dependence was observed in the longitudinal relaxation rate of the semi-solid spin pool.
Measurement of NAD+ T1 relaxation time at 7T in the human brain using saturation recovery downfield MRS
Authors: Wilson Neil , Swago Sophia , Elliott Mark , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Reddy Ravinder , Witschey Walter
Published: August 2024

Here we present a method based on spectrally selective saturation recovery 1H spectroscopy to measure the apparent T1 values of NAD+ in the downfield at 7T for the first time. With spectrally selective saturation and excitation, NAD+ exhibits enhanced T1 recovery do to cross relaxation with water, and we report values in three subjects between 200 and 300 ms. Measuring apparent T1 is crucial as a correction factor for quantitative spectroscopy of NAD+.
T2 Mapping with GRAPPATINI for Routine Knee Evaluation
Authors: Lu Amy , Sacher Sara , Cai Xiaoying , Hilbert Tom , Koff Matthew , Potter Hollis , Tan Ek
Published: August 2024

T2 mapping with GRAPPATINI, a combination of MARTINI (model-based reduction) and GRAPPA (parallel imaging reconstruction), was applied to routine knee evaluations and compared quantitatively to standard T2 mapping accelerated only with GRAPPA. Regions of articular cartilage, infrapatellar fat pad, and muscle were analyzed. T2 mapping with GRAPPATINI was faster by ~2.2x and provided similar T2 values in most regions except for the infrapatellar fat pad and femoral trochlea cartilage. This accelerated T2 mapping technique may facilitate the routine incorporation of quantitative T2 mapping retrospective knee studies of osteoarthritis in the cartilage and of muscle denervation.
Novel water-fat separation model for multi-echo bipolar readout
Authors: Arrieta Cristobal , Sing-Long Carlos , Denecken Esteban , Meneses Juan , Mella Hernan , Tejos Cristian , Andia Marcelo , Uribe Sergio
Published: August 2024

This work proposes a new model for solving the water-fat separation problem with bipolar acquisition, which allows us for reducing the acquisition time and computing accurate PDFF without any special concerns about phase corrections. We solve jointly two water-fat separation problems for even and odd echoes, under the assumption that the concentrations are different, but considering the same field map and $$$R_2^*$$$. Bland Altman plots and linear regression show excellent performance for PDFF estimation in 8 healthy volunteers.
Prediction of Histological Subtypes Using Machine-Learning Model Based on UTE-MRI in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer：A comparative study with CT
Authors: Feng Pengyang , Meng Nan , Yu Xuan , Wu Yaping , Fu Fangfang , Luo Yu , Jiang Han , Li Ziqiang , Yuan Jianmin , Yang Yang , Wang Zhe , Wang* Meiyun
Published: August 2024

Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (3D-UTE) is a novel MRI technique, which yields similar diagnostic results as conventional pulmonary computed tomography (CT). Our results showed that the predication model based on clinical factors and 3D-UTE radiomics features could noninvasively assess the subtype of in non-small cell lung cancer. Compared with the CT model, it has similar diagnostic efficiency but less radiation, which is expected to provide new ideas for related research.
Mammary tumor COX-2 expression in immunocompromised mice contributes to splenic MDSC expansion and alters splenic metabolism
Authors: Barnett James , Penet Marie-France , Bharti Santosh , Mironchik Yelena , Krishnamachary Balaji , Bhujwalla Zaver
Published: August 2024

Tumor COX-2 expression in breast cancer has been associated with increased aggressiveness. Here we have investigated the effects of tumor COX-2 levels on spleen metabolism and on the expansion of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that potentiate cancer progression. Studies were performed with human triple negative breast cancer cells in immune suppressed mice and mouse breast cancer cells in immune competent mice. COX-2 levels significantly altered splenic metabolism and MDSC expansion in immune suppressed mice but not in immune competent mice that may have implications for breast cancer patients that are immune compromised.
Continuous-time random walk diffusion model combined with VI-RADS to predict muscle invasion of bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Xue Ke , Dai Yongming , Qiu Jianxing
Published: August 2024

Accurately differentiation of MIBC from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential for selecting the optimal treatment plan and obtaining a better prognosis for BCa patients. In this study, the role of the CTRW model, VI-RADS and their combination in characterizing MIBC was evaluated. The CTRW parameters combined with VI-RADS could provide significantly better diagnostic performance for MIBC determination than the VI-RADS score alone. The CTRW model could serve as a compliment to VI-RADS and provide added value for predicting muscle invasion of bladder cancer.
Multiparametric MRI Evaluation of Vesical Imaging‑Reporting and Data System (VI‑RADS) for bladder cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Wang Yichen , Wang Sicong , Shou Jianzhong , Chen Yan , Zhao Xinming
Published: August 2024

Local tumor restaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) treatment is urgently needed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether VI-RADS could accurately detect muscle invasion in BC patients after NAC treatment. VI-RADS scores of bladder cancer after NAC were independently assessed by two radiologists. With an optimal cut-off value ≥4, the AUC values for the VI-RADS scores for predicting muscle invasion were 0.91, and 0.94 for reader 1 and reader 2 respectively. VI-RADS could potentially be a restaging tool for patients who underwent NAC.
Comparison of fitting methods for Non-Gaussian diffusion and IVIM MRI parameter estimation in two mice xenograft models
Authors: Someya Yuko , Iima Mami , Hayami Sawako , Imai Hirohiko , Takishima Hiroaki , Le Bihan Denis , Nobashi Tomomi , Ohno Tsuyoshi , Nakamoto Yuji
Published: August 2024

The optimal fitting method (1-step or 2-step) and b-value threshold (200 or 600 s/mm2) in analyzing IVIM/diffusion data was investigated using two different mice xenograft models (breast and colon cancer). The threshold of b=600 rather than 200s/mm2 was found better in these models, as many cases showed non negligible residual IVIM components left with b=200s/mm2. From simulations, it appears that a too low b value threshold leads to an overestimation of ADC0 and underestimation of K and fIVIM. Those results suggest that the b-value threshold must be checked depending on the tissue types.
Acceleration of brain MRA with Spiral, compared with Compressed SENSE
Authors: Yu Yujie , Wang Maoxue , Zhao Xiance , Chen Weibo
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to quantitively and qualitatively evaluate the clinical feasibility of spiral-based TOF-MRA (MRAspiral) in terms of acceleration of data acquisition and imaging performance, with reference to the routine use of TOF-MRA with C-SENSE=4. The results showed that MRAspiral with τ=8 (2min7s) can significantly reduce the acquisition time by 44.3% with a balanced image quality and scan time for arteries visualization and clinical diagnosis.
Differentiation of brachial plexus caliber irregularities with simultaneous neurography and T2 mapping from MIXTURE
Authors: Yokota Hajime , Sada Takayuki , Kurosawa Ryuna , Yoda Takafumi , Matsumoto Koji , Namiki Takashi , Yoneyama Masami , Uno Takashi
Published: August 2024

Multifocal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is characterized by asymmetrical and irregular nerve thickening. However, the nerves are sometimes irregular in caliber even without obvious neuropathy. MIXTURE can simultaneously acquire neurography and T2 mapping. The diameter and T2 values from MIXTURE were significantly wider and higher in multifocal CIDP than in cases with normal but irregular caliber (P = 0.029 and 0.004). The AUCs of ROC analyses were 0.889 and 0.972 in diameter and T2 values for differentiating the two groups. Diameter and T2 values acquired with MIXTURE help differentiate whether caliber irregularities in the brachial plexus are pathological.
Pathological contrast enhancement in different brain diseases in synthetic T1-weigthed images derived from 3D quantitative transient imaging
Authors: Donatelli Graziella , Migaleddu Gianmichele , Cencini Matteo , Cecchi Paolo , Peretti Luca , D'Amelio Claudio , Buonincontri Guido , Tosetti Michela , Cosottini Mirco , Costagli Mauro
Published: August 2024

Contrast enhancement, a marker of blood-brain barrier breakdown and active inflammation, provides crucial information in brain disease. Quantitative Transient Imaging (QTI) enables robust quantitative T1, T2 and PD mapping. 30 patients with brain tumors, multiple sclerosis and limbic encephalitis underwent a 3T-MRI brain exam which included conventional T1-weighted and QTI sequences acquired before and after contrast media administration. Synthetic T1-weighted images were obtained from the QTI maps. At radiological inspection, all pathological contrast enhancements in conventional images were visible in the synthetic T1-weighted images obtained from postcontrast QTI and showed the same patterns of contrast enhancement.
Vascular reactivity of the choroid plexus in non-atherosclerotic vasculopathy: choroid plexus activity as a possible marker of ischemic stress
Authors: Han Caleb , Waddle Spencer , Garza Maria , Davis L. Taylor , Eisma Jarrod , Chitale Rohan , Fusco Matthew , McKnight Colin , Jones Sky , Jordan Lori , Donahue Manus
Published: August 2024

This work applies hypercapnic reactivity and deep-learning techniques to evaluate choroid plexus (ChP) vascular compliance dependence on large arterial patency in intracranial vasculopathy. ChP reactivity was found to be preserved regardless of macrovascular vasculopathy, despite dependencies of resting ChP perfusion on cortical ischemia. Findings support the possibility that changes in resting ChP function in other studies in the presence of arterial vasculopathy and cerebral ischemia may be a response to circulating biochemical markers of ischemic stress, prompting the ChP to attenuate CSF production levels through feedback, rather than vascular mechanisms, to support glial health in ischemia.
Combination of DKI and IVIM for differentiating True Progression from Pseudoprogression of Glioma with Postoperative Radiation Therapy
Authors: Dang Pei , Huang Xueying , Yang Zhihua , Wang Aijun , Wang Lidong , Xiong Yuhui , Yang Xuhong , Wang Minglei , Wang Xiaodong
Published: August 2024

The differentiation of pseudoprogression from true progression remains a crucial diagnostic dilemma in glioma with postoperative radiation therapy. This work to explore the role of DKI combined IVIM in differentiating true progression and pseudoprogression in glioma. It was concluded that the MK and RK from DKI、D and D* from IVIM can be used as novel imaging biomarkers for Clinical and radiologists in differentiating glioma true progression from pseudoprogression. Combining MK, RK, D and D* may explore as an effective strategy to improve the ability for discriminating glioma true progression and pseudoprogression.
Classification of IDH mutation with Arterial Spin Labeling and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MRI in adult gliomas
Authors: Prysiazhniuk Yeva , Server Andres , Bech-Aase Øystein , Helseth Eirik , Kala David , Eijgelaar Roelant , Fuster-García Elies , Brandal Petter , Bjørnerud Atle , Otáhal Jakub , Petr Jan , Nordhøy Wibeke
Published: August 2024

IDH genotype status is an important marker in glioma diagnostics. Given that IDH mutation affects the tumor vascularization pattern, perfusion imaging has the potential to become a non-invasive tumor histopathology assessor. In this study, two methods of perfusion MRI – Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC) and Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) – were compared in their ability to assess IDH mutation status. DSC- and ASL-derived perfusion maps correlated significantly and were feasible parameters in the IDH classification task. Mean tumor CBF quantified with ASL had the highest AUC score, sensitivity, and specificity, supporting the feasibility of using ASL in clinical glioma diagnostics.
Role of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Brain Meningioma
Authors: shrestha susmita , Raya Karuna , Wang Nian , Maharjan Surendra
Published: August 2024

Meningioma as an extra-axial tumor of meninges is difficult to interpret within brain interface using normal Magnetic Resonance Imaging sequence protocol. Recently, Various advancement in diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) techniques such as DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging), DKI (Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging) and NODDI (Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging) has been utilized as an emerging diagnostic tool to measure the degree of mobility of water molecules within biologic tissue and investigate micro-structural integrity of the brain tissue. Thus, we aim to differentiate meningiomas from normal brain parenchyma using DTI, DKI and NODDI metrics.
Muscle volumetry from low-field scans and its relation to performance in physical activities
Authors: Algarín José Miguel , Guallart-Naval Teresa , Ferri-Caruana Ana , Bosch Rubén , Juan-Lloris Francisco , Pallás Eduardo , Rigla Juan Pablo , Martínez Pablo , Borreguero José , Benlloch José María , Galve Fernando , Alonso Joseba
Published: August 2024

Here we show the results of the first systematic study performed in our low-field 72 mT MRI scanner. Calf images were acquired from 35 volunteers whose performance was measured during different physical activities before the scan. We segmented the images to determine the cross-sectional area and volume of the gastrocnemius muscles and correlated the results with the muscular activity measurements of the volunteers. We found that the medial gastrocnemius muscle volume correlates significantly with participants weight and unilateral jump capacity.
Rapid gradient echo magnitude- and phase-based mapping of T2 and T1 using skipped-CAIPI 3D-EPI at 3T
Authors: Wang Difei , Stirnberg Rüdiger , Stöcker Tony
Published: August 2024

A recent study demonstrated that phase-based T2 mapping with 3D-GRE is feasible. Only two phase images acquired with a small RF spoiling phase increment are needed to generate high-quality T2 maps. Here, we investigated simultaneous T2 and T1 mapping at 3T, by including the magnitude and more phase increments acquired rapidly with a skipped-CAIPI 3D-EPI sequence. This method is able to simultaneously provide T2 and T1 maps within 4-8 minutes. In addition to multiparametric mapping, a phase-based T2 map can be provided in less than 1 minute.
Validation of a new method for Quantifying CBF with IVIM
Authors: Liu Mira , Warioba Chisondi , Bertini Julian , Saadat Niloufar , Carroll Timothy , Christoforidis Gregory
Published: August 2024

Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) is a non-contrast MR diffusion-based scan that uses a multitude of b-values to measure various speeds of molecular perfusion and diffusion, sidestepping problems of Gd-contrast or increased transit time in neurovascular disease. Quantification of IVIM CBF in ml/100g/min using pseudo-diffusion mean transit time led to strong Wilcoxon signed rank agreement, similar sensitivity, and a small offset compared to microsphere perfusion across three physiologic states. This suggests IVIM can be used to quantify CBF in ml/100g/min in a setting of cerebral steno-occlusive disease.
Self-supervised contrastive learning for motion artifact detection in whole-body MRI: Quality assessment across multiple cohorts
Authors: Küstner Thomas , Borst Jan , Nickel Dominik , Bamberg Fabian , Früh Marcel , Gatidis Sergios
Published: August 2024

Motion is still one of the major extrinsic sources for imaging artifacts in MRI that can strongly deteriorate image quality. Any impairment by motion artifacts can reduce the reliability and precision of the diagnosis and a motion‐free reacquisition can become time‐ and cost‐intensive. Furthermore, in large-scale epidemiological cohorts, manual quality screening becomes impracticable. An automated quality assessment is thus of interest. Reliable motion estimation in varying domains (imaging sequences, multiple scanners, sites) is however challenging. In this work, we propose an attention-based transformer that can detect motion in various MR imaging scenarios.
Severe MR Motion Artefact Correction with 2 step Deep Learning-based guidance
Authors: Hossbach Julian , Splitthoff Daniel , Clifford Bryan , Polak Daniel , Cauley Stephan , Maier Andreas
Published: August 2024

Motion artifacts can pose a difficult challenge in the clinical workflow. For addressing this issue, we here investigate the performance of two Deep Learning based motion mitigation strategies, MoPED and NAMER, and demonstrate that both approaches can readily be combined. This allows for the correction of severely corrupted images.
A Dynamic 2D TSE Acquisition Strategy for Robust SAMER Motion Mitigation
Authors: Polak Daniel , Splitthoff Daniel Nicolas , Clifford Bryan , Lo Wei-Ching , Huang Yantu , Huang Susie , Conklin John , Wald Lawrence L. , Cauley Stephen F.
Published: August 2024

Retrospective motion correction for 2D TSE/FSE is challenging due to interpolation through slices with gaps, interleaved slice orderings, and spin history effects. Optimized Cartesian sampling trajectories provide decreased motion sensitivity in specific situations but can also exacerbate motion sensitivity under typical patient motion. In this work, we introduce a dynamic acquisition strategy that determines the k-space lines acquired in the next shot based on the prior patient motion. Specifically, each TR dynamically encodes available lines which minimize motion variance. We show that this dynamic acquisition strategy results in improved reconstruction robustness under typical clinical motion scenarios.
HP 13C pyruvate MRS reveals that ATP Citrate Lyase regulates alanine aminotransferase activity in the db/db liver.
Authors: Choi Young-Suk , Song Ho-Taek
Published: August 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes are known to be closely related, but the mechanism has not been defined yet. The metabolic feature of the diabetic liver is that gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis increase simultaneously. In this study, we hypothesized that ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) would play an essential role in inducing metabolic contradiction in the diabetic liver and investigate ACLY’s role on carbohydrate metabolism using hyperpolarized (HP) 13C pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and primary mouse hepatocytes.
Detecting Hepatic Flexibility in patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) using 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Savic Dragana , Mózes Ferenc , Hodson Leanne , Neubauer Stefan , Pavlides Michael , Valkovič Ladislav
Published: August 2024

This study investigated serum carnitine species and in-vivo hepatic acetylcarnitine levels as measured with MRS in healthy volunteers, and patients with low-risk NAFLD and high-risk NAFLD. L-carnitine facilitates transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria. We show that a single injection of L-carnitine modulated acetylcarnitine levels in the liver in healthy volunteers and low-risk NAFLD, but that this mechanism was blunted in the high-risk NAFLD group. This was accompanied by changed serum medium-chain and long-chain carnitine species, but only in the high-risk NAFLD group. Further studies are needed to understand the plasma and hepatic metabolic changes of carnitine species.