bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why Hasn't Genomic Testing Changed the Landscape in Clinical Oncology?
Authors: Hayes Daniel F. , Khoury Muin J. , Ransohoff David
Published: February 2020

Overview:

The “omics” revolution produced great optimism that tumor biomarker tests based on high-order analysis of multiple (sometimes thousands) of factors would result in truly personalized oncologic care. Unfortunately, 10 years into the revolution, the promise of omics-based research has not yet been realized. The factors behind the slow progress in omics-based clinical care are many. First, over the last 15 years, there has been a gradual recognition of the importance of conducting tumor biomarker science with the kind of rigor that has traditionally been used for therapeutic research. However, this recognition has only recently been applied widely, and therefore most tumor biomarkers have insufficiently high levels of evidence to determine clinical utility. Second, omics-based research offers its own particular set of concerns, especially in regard to overfitting computational models and false discovery rates. Researchers and clinicians need to understand the importance of analytic validity, and the difference between clinical/biologic validity and clinical utility. The latter is required to introduce a tumor biomarker test of any kind (single analyte or omics-based), and are ideally generated by carefully planned and properly conducted “prospective retrospective” or truly prospective clinical trials. Only carefully planned studies, which take all three of these into account and in which the investigators are aware and recognize the enormous risk of unintended bias and overfitting inherent in omics-based test development, will ultimately result in translation of the exciting new technologies into better care for patients with cancer.
Patient Selection, Resection, and Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Conrad Claudius , Tanabe Kenneth K.
Published: February 2020

Overview:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy of the liver that most often arises in patients with cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases. Worldwide, it is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. Median survival is poor, ranging from 6 to 20 months. Definitive treatment options for HCC are surgical resection, ablation, or transplantation. The selection of patients for surgical resection is based on clinical findings, laboratory data, and imaging. Although a number of staging systems exist, all have their limitations. A multidisciplinary approach to patient selection for surgery that includes the input of an experienced liver surgeon assures optimal outcomes. Sound understanding of liver segmentation, modern surgical techniques, and the use of intraoperative ultrasound have led to a reported perioperative mortality rate below 3%, blood transfusion requirements of less than 10%, and 5-year survival rates of at least 50%. Advances in laparoscopic technique and technology have expanded the indications for a safe and oncologically appropriate minimally invasive resection. Deciding which treatment option to employ depends on tumor resectability and the degree of underlying liver disease, which is present in 80% to 85% of patients with HCC; however, despite these surgical advances, a high recurrence rate of 70% in patients with cirrhosis and a survival rate of 65% to 80% in well-selected transplant patients are expected. This article will focus on the evaluation and selection of patients for surgical intervention, considerations in selecting the appropriate type of resection, and expected outcomes following liver resection.
"Internet Access as a New Human Right? State of the Art on the Threshold of 2020"
Authors: Szoszkiewicz Łukasz
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to analyze the role that the Internet plays in the enjoyment of human rights and answer the question of whether we may be in the process of recog-nizing a new right, namely the right to Internet access. The conclusions are built upon a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the Internet-related recommendations adopted by the UN treaty-based bodies in the period between 2007 and 2017. Moreover, the paper is supplemented by a brief overview of the relevant recommendations formulated under the mechanism of the Universal Periodic Review. Analysis of the content of rec-ommendations allowed them to be classified into two groups – the first one integrates recommendations that refer to the duty of non-interference, and the second concerns the duty to expand Internet infrastructure across the country. The article ends with a call for further investigation of the normative potential of Article 15(1)b of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as this hitherto forgotten provision might shed a new light on the proposed right to Internet access.
The Issues of Secession in the Process of the Rise and Fall of States in the Light of International Law
Authors: Diallo Boubacar Sidi
Published: February 2020

The aims of this contribution is to check the validity of the old theory, which goes back to Jellinek but is still dominant, which states that secession as well as the process of forming a new state, fall under the scope of a “simple fact” and thereby escape through definition to any law of way. According to this theory, secession is not a question of “Law” but a question of pure fact, failure or success: if a secessionist movement succeeds in establishing a new effectiveness, that is to say, puts in place the “Constituent elements” of a state, a new state is born. It is interesting to observe that with the phenomenon of the rise or the collapse of States, from the global perspective of international order and especially from the point of view of international law, the States concerned are, in practice, not simply left to their fate. On the contrary, the rise or the collapse of a State anywhere in the world is seen as a matter of concern for the international community, since the international system as a whole is felt to be affected. In such cases, international reactions have not been manifested primarily through the States as such, either indi-vidually or together. Basically, these reactions had to cope with the dilemma of choos-ing between two fundamental principles of legitimacy in international law: on the one hand, the sovereignty and equality of States and, on the other, the right of peoples to self-determination.
Non-Financial Reporting in the Light of International Regulations and EU Directives
Authors: Ryszard Kamiński Ryszard
Published: February 2020

The need to standardise non-financial reporting to ensure its transparency and clarity is noted by researchers and reporting organisations. In their opinion, the reports should be clear, transparent and comparable and stakeholders should be able to fully satisfy their information requirements. Bearing in mind this assumptions the aim of the study is to analyse the non-Financial reporting system within the scope of international and Eu-ropean Union law. The author pays attention to the essence of reporting non-financial Information and its standards, EU Directives and Guidelines of Discolure.
An Argument from Comparative Law in the Jurisprudence of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal1
Authors: Paprocka Ada
Published: February 2020

The use of references to foreign law and jurisprudence by the constitutional courts around the world currently gains more and more attention from scholars. The admis-sibility and usefulness of conducting such a horizontal dialogue between various juris-dictions raises controversies in other countries, but not in Poland, where no significant academic discussion on the legal basis and justification for using comparative arguments in constitutional jurisprudence has been conducted. The reasons for this lack of contro-versy seem to lie in the roots of the 1997 Constitution, and the way in which the Polish legal system is constructed. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal is quite prone to using comparative references in its reasoning. However, it rarely clearly indicated their role or significance for the resolution of the case before it. The analysis of the case-law of the Tribunal indicates that references to foreign law concern constitutional provisions, legislation, and the judgments of other constitutional courts. The purpose of the refer-ences stresses the universality of particular constitutional norms and deciphering their meaning, as well as gathering data significant for the assessment of the proportionality of a national law, as well as at drawing inspiration from the decisions taken by foreign courts. However, the persuasive use of a comparative argument demands that the meth-odological problems which can be noticed in the case-law should be addressed. They in-volve in particular: the need to justify the choice of comparative material that is analysed, the fragmented nature of the analysis, and the lack of a clear indication what role these kind of arguments have in constitutional argumentation.
Rights of the Posted Workers – Directive 96/71/EC and the Evolution of Legislation Concerning Posted Workers
Authors: Kochanowski Maciej
Published: February 2020

The aim of the study is to analyse the conflict of rights of posted workers with entre-preneurs’ freedom to provide services in posting of workers Directive 96/71/EC and the enforcement Directive 2014/67/EC. The author presents the key issues of the conflict, as well as its evolution in EU legislation and in European Court of Justice judgments.
The Legal Definition of Railway Areas in Poland. The Limitations of Investment and Conducting Business Activity on the Railway Areas
Authors: Szulc Piotr
Published: February 2020

The paper analyses the legal definition of railway areas in Poland based on the Railway Transport Act. The author tries to find an answer to the question of what the legal status of railway areas in the Polish legal system is, with emphasis on the classification of railway areas to the wider group of special areas. Moreover, the paper describes the restrictions on investments on railway areas which are presented based on the previous judicature of the Polish administrative courts. Then other detailed obligations resulting from the special legal regime in this area are explained.
Fast and Slow Decaying Solutions of Lane–Emden Equations Involving Nonhomogeneous Potential
Authors: Chen Huyuan , Huang Xia , Zhou Feng
Published: February 2020

Our purpose in this paper is to study positive solutions of the Lane–Emden equation

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

V
⁢

u
p

 

in 
⁢

ℝ
N

∖

{
0
}

,

-\Delta u=Vu^{p}\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}\setminus\{0\},

perturbed by a nonhomogeneous potential V, with

p
∈

(

N

N
-
2

,

p
c

)

p\in(\frac{N}{N-2},p_{c})

, where

p
c

{p_{c}}

is the Joseph–Ludgren exponent. We construct a sequence of fast and slow decaying solutions with appropriated restrictions for V.
Introduction to the 2020 Peirce Section
Authors: Campbell Cary
Published: February 2020

Peirce section editor Cary Campbell introduces a series of short articles from Mary Keeler, on improving digital access to the Peirce manuscripts (in particular, his late unpublished manuscripts), discussing and exploring possibilities for their effective communication, preservation, (multimodal) representation, and augmentation through technology. Keeler develops an approach to this research stemming from Peirce’s own mutually supporting pragmatism and synechism and his theory of social learning and inquiry. She argues for an ontological approach to cataloguing the archive in a way that can “accommodate diverse disciplinary perspectives.”
A formal Riemannian structure on conformal classes and the inverse Gauss curvature flow
Authors: Gursky Matthew J. , Streets Jeffrey
Published: February 2020

We define a formal Riemannian metric on a given conformal class of metrics with signed curvature on a closed Riemann surface. As it turns out this metric is the well-known Mabuchi-Semmes-Donaldson metric of Kähler geometry in a different guise. The metric has many interesting properties, and in particular we show that the classical Liouville energy is geodesically convex. This suggests a different approach to the uniformization theorem by studying the negative gradient flow of the normalized Liouville energy with respect to this metric, a new geometric flow whose principal term is the inverse of the Gauss curvature. We prove long time existence of solutions with arbitrary initial data and weak convergence to constant scalar curvature metrics by exploiting the metric space structure.
Steklov eigenvalue problem with a-harmonic solutions and variable exponents
Authors: Karim Belhadj , Zerouali Abdellah , Chakrone Omar
Published: February 2020

Using the Ljusternik–Schnirelmann principle and a new variational technique, we prove that the following Steklov eigenvalue problem has infinitely many positive eigenvalue sequences:

{

div
⁡

(

a
⁢

(
x
,

∇
⁡
u

)

)

=
0

in 
⁢
Ω

,

a
⁢

(
x
,

∇
⁡
u

)

⋅
ν

=

λ
⁢
m
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

|
u
|

p
⁢

(
x
)

-
2

⁢
u

on 
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle\operatorname{div}(a(x,\nabla u))=0&&%
\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega,\\
&\displaystyle a(x,\nabla u)\cdot\nu=\lambda m(x)|u|^{p(x)-2}u&&\displaystyle%
\phantom{}\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

where

Ω
⊂

ℝ
N

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}}

(

N
≥
2

)

{(N\geq 2)}

is a bounded domain of smooth boundary

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

and ν is the outward unit normal
vector on

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

.
The functions

m
∈

L
∞

⁢

(

∂
⁡
Ω

)

{m\in L^{\infty}(\partial\Omega)}

,

p
:

Ω
¯

↦
ℝ

{p\colon\overline{\Omega}\mapsto\mathbb{R}}

and

a
:

Ω
¯

×

ℝ
N

↦

ℝ
N

{a\colon\overline{\Omega}\times\mathbb{R}^{N}\mapsto\mathbb{R}^{N}}

satisfy appropriate conditions.
The relationship of parents’ communication patterns and peer-group interaction with sexual risk behavior in adolescents
Authors: Syah Putri Erlinna Nur , Kusumaningrum Tiyas , Tristiana Rr Dian
Published: February 2020

Introduction

Sexual risk behavior in adolescents is a serious problem and is increasing in Indonesia. This study aimed to explain the relationship of parents’ communication patterns and peer-group interaction with sexual risk behavior in adolescents in Surabaya.

Method

This study used a cross-sectional design. The sample of 106 adolescents was obtained by cluster random sampling. The inclusion criteria were 15–18 years of age and those living with parents. Data were collected using parents’ communication pattern questionnaire, peer-group interaction questionnaire and sexual risk behavior questionnaire, and were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho statistical test.

Results

There was a relationship between parents’ communication patterns (p = 0.000; r = –0.586) and peer-group interaction (p = 0.000; r = –0.565) with sexual risk behavior in adolescents.

Conclusion

Open and two-way communication between parents and adolescents needs to be developed so that adolescents can develop good behavior. The development of a program to prevent sexual risk behavior needs to be done especially in adolescents’ peer groups to prevent the negative impact of peers in the spread of sexual content in adolescents in their groups.
Bilingual patterns of path encoding: A study of Polish L1-German L2 and Polish L1-Spanish L2 speakers
Authors: Lewandowski Wojciech
Published: February 2020

The encoding of path shows systematic inter-typological variation, with speakers of satellite-framed languages (S-language; e. g. German, Polish) typically conveying path outside the main verb (in particles, prefixes, etc.) and speakers of verb-framed languages (V-language; e. g. Spanish) typically conveying path in the main verb. However, less is known about intra-typological variation in the expression of path, especially for bilingual patterns of path encoding. In this paper, we examine path descriptions produced by two groups of bilinguals and compare the descriptions made by these bilinguals with those made by native speakers of the corresponding L1 and L2 languages. The first group consisted of native Polish speakers who were L2 German speakers (intra-typological L1-L2 transition), while the second group comprised native Polish speakers who were L2 Spanish speakers (inter-typological L1-L2 transition). Our results provide evidence for greater alignment to L2 among bilinguals learning an L2 from a different typological group (i. e. Polish L1-Spanish L2 bilinguals), and closer alignment to L1 among bilinguals learning an L2 from the same typological group (i. e. Polish L1-German L2 bilinguals).
Influence of temperature-dependent properties on a gravity-driven thin film along inclined plate
Authors: Adesanya Samuel O. , Egere Amanze C. , Ukaegbu Joel C. , Lebelo Ramoshweu S.
Published: February 2020

A numerical investigation into the effect of temperature-dependent fluid properties on the thin film flow along an inclined heated plate is presented. The equations governing the coupled flow and heat transfer are formulated based on couple stress non-Newtonian model. Solutions of the coupled nonlinear differential equations are tackled numerically by using the combination of shooting method and the Fehlberg-Runge-Kutta method. Findings are presented graphically and discussed precisely.
Development of surface properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene film using side-chain crystalline block copolymers
Authors: Hirai Sho , Ishimoto Shoichi , Phanthong Patchiya , Yao Shigeru
Published: February 2020

Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been widely used in industry; however, the applications for UHMWPE are limited because of low hydrophilic and adhesive properties. Herein, we developed the surface properties of UHMWPE by using side-chain crystalline block copolymers (SCCBCs), which consist of a side-chain crystalline unit and a functional unit. This process only required immersing the UHMWPE film in the diluted SCCBC solution, which enabled the UHMWPE surface to be coated homogeneously. The results of the contact angle and tensile shear test showed that the surface of UHMWPE modified with SCCBC was improved in hydrophilicity and adhesive properties. In addition, high adhesion strength was measured on UHMWPE surfaces dipped in a SCCBC solution at high temperature with the UHMWPE film becoming elongated at all parts other than the adhesion contact area.
EvMedEd: A Teaching Resource for Integrating Medical Examples into Evolution Education
Authors: Grunspan Daniel Z. , Nesse Randolph M. , Brownell Sara E.
Published: February 2020

Teaching evolution using medical examples can be a particularly effective strategy for motivating students to learn evolutionary principles, especially students interested in pursuing medical and allied health careers. Research in the area of evolutionary medicine has expanded the number of ways in which evolution informs health and disease, providing many new and less widely known contexts that can be adopted for classroom use. However, many instructors do not have time to locate or create classroom materials about evolutionary medicine. To address this need, we have created EvMedEd, a resource repository to help instructors who want to integrate more medical examples into their evolution instruction or instructors who are teaching a course on evolutionary medicine. Some resources are designed to be more appropriate for a high school or introductory biology audience, whereas others are more advanced. We encourage instructors to access this curated website and to share their own teaching materials with this community.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ЧИННИКИ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ОСОБИСТІСНОЇ ТРИВОЖНОСТІ У СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ
Authors: Ivantsev Liudmyla , Ivanyshyn Tetiana
Published: February 2020

У статті висвітлено різні концептуальні підходи до розуміння сутності, особливостей прояву осо­бистісної тривожності та причин виникнення її у студентів-психологів. Визначено рівні сфор­мо­ваності особистісної тривожності та емпірично виявлено психологічні чинники виникнення осо­бис­тісної тривожності у молодих осіб студентського віку. На основі отриманих результатів окреслено шляхи оптимізації психокорекційних заходів щодо зниження рівня особистісної тривожності у сту­дентської молоді.
Dynamic Adaptive Building Envelopes – an Innovative and State-of-The-Art Technology
Authors: Sachin Harry
Published: February 2020

The building envelope has a key role to play in achieving indoor comfort for the occupants and building energy efﬁciency. A dynamic, active and integrated solution -- able to achieve the optimum thermal performance, harness energy from renewable resources and, integrate active elements and systems -- is the most promising and innovative strategy for the building envelope of tomorrow. To achieve an effective and sustainable building envelope with a dynamic behaviour, considerable efforts in research and development are necessary. This paper endeavours to present a broad review of design, research and development work in the ﬁeld of Dynamic Adaptive Building Envelope (DABE). Based on detailed studies, the characteristic features, enabling technologies, and the overall motivations that have tendered to the advancement of DABE are discussed. In spite of its positive aspects, the study reveals that the concept of DABE has not yet been well-applied and needs much more exploration. Various challenges need to be resolved and advanced research undertaken to bring it to maturity and acceptance.
Principles of Ecological Riverfront Design Redefined
Authors: NABILAH REDZUAN  , NURUL SYALA ABDUL LATIP
Published: February 2020

Channelization of rivers, along with beautiication and structured designated landscape design along the riverbanks, are parts of the development that occur in the urban centres around the world. Such developments are often taken up toprevent natural catastrophes such as loods, without considering the nature of the river itself. Realizing this mistake and its adverse effects towards the environment, many developed countries, such as the U.S.A., U.K., Japan, China and, many more, have started to ecologically reorganize riverfront designs to ensure that rivers are restored to their natural condition. Various principles of ecological riverfront design are available, but the information is patchy and in different documents. Hence, this research aimed at redeining the principles of ecological riverfront design. A qualitative method, using comprehensive content analysis of journals and reports on ecological riverfront designs and ecological riverfront design guidelines from selected countries, was employed to redeine such principles. In summary, these principles could become a reference for architects, planners, engineers and other related professional bodies to reconsider the ecological aspect of riverfronts while planning and creating the urban spaces along the Riverfront Designriverbanks, thereby indirectly promoting urban sustainability within the urban cities.
Path Clustering: Grouping in a Efficient Way Complex Data Distributions
Authors: R. Q. A. Fernandes  , W. A. Pinheiro  , G. B. Xexéo  , J. M. de Souza
Published: February 2020

This work proposes an algorithm that uses paths based on tile segmentation to build complex clusters. After allocating data items (points) to geometric shapes in tile format, the complexity of our algorithm is related to the number of tiles instead of the number of points. The main novelty is the way our algorithm goes through the grids, saving time and providing good results. It does not demand any configuration parameters from users, making easier to use than other strategies. Besides, the algorithm does not create overlapping clusters, which simplifies the interpretation of results.
ЕКОЛОГІЧНА ОБУМОВЛЕНІСТЬ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ЛІСОВИХ КУЛЬТУРФІТОЦЕНОЗІВ КРИВОРІЖЖЯ
Authors: Savosko V. M. , Kvitko M. O.
Published: February 2020

Досліджено лісові культурфітоценози Криворіжжя, які репрезентують усі основні різновиди штучних деревних насаджень регіону. Сучасний стан лісових культурфітоценозів характеризується несформованою вертикальною структурою (в більшості випадків відсутні яруси підліску та чагарників); ущільненими посадками першого та другого ярусів; невисокими значеннями запасів стовбурної деревини; ослабленим та сильно ослабленим життєвим станом деревостану.
Biogecoenological approaches to creating standing woods in the steppe zone
Authors: Gorejiko W. A.
Published: February 2020

Feasibility of modern biogecoenological approaches to creating standing woods in the steppe zone of Ukraine has been demonstrated. Theoretical background of increasing forest cover percentage in the steppe zone based on the typology of standing woods by A. L. Belgard has been revealed. Experience gained in creating standing woods in Ukraine, achievements and errors depending on the technology used for forest planting are described.

Experimental comparison of forest improvement efficiency allowed to develop and recommend long-range structure of wood and shrub species and their balance in mixed forest stands. Cost-effective technology of soil cultivation for planting forests has been revealed. Validated design of protective belts, ways of keeping soils free of weeds as well as silvicultural management practices are recommended. Basic techniques of forest improvement on gully and ravine lands, particularly ways of relief optimization, are described in detail.

Technological characteristics of thinning in standing woods delivering the best possible wind permeability of protective belts are given. Actions aimed at reducing soil moisture deficit as well as improving microclimatic characteristics of forest belts and making the process of forest improvement more affordable are revealed.

Therefore, based on all-around study of standing woods under the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine, more advanced and cost-effective techniques of creating standing woods that better meet silvicultural, reclamative and ecological requirements have been offered.
The seed production and sowing seed quality of Betula pendula Roth. in the Kryvyi Rih plantations
Authors: Petrushkevich Yu. M.
Published: February 2020

We investigated the seed production and sowing seed quality from eight plantations of Betula pendula Roth., which are subject to the negative influence of exhaust gases of motor vehicles and emissions from industrial enterprises in Kryvyi Rih. In seven plantations, we revealed such changes in some morphometric parameters of female catkins: decreasing length of the petiole to 21.4 % (to 1.3 times), and the length of the catkin to 10.8 % (to 1.1 times), as well as the width of the catkin to 33.3 % (to 1,5 times); increasing of the quantity of seeds in catkins to 43.5 % (to 1.4 times) compared to the control, except the plantings near "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih", where the quantity of seeds was 21.1 % lower than in the botanical garden; increasing quantity of scales in all sites to 32.0 % (to 1.3 times); reducing percentage of pure seeds to 2.7 %; declining weight of 1000 seeds up to 20,3 % (to 1,3 times), and seed adequacy to 60 % (to 2.5 times); lowering germinative energy up to 92.9 % (to 14 times), and seed germination to 94.4 % (to 17.7 times). All these changes are due to increasing level of technogenic pollution. We ascertained that additional effect is caused by geographical location of plants and climatic factor. The seed adequacy, germinative energy, and seed germination are most sensitive indicators, which can be used for the environmental assessment.
Influence of forest litter and rodents on the natural seed renewal process of forest biogeocoenoses of Dnepropetrovskaya oblast
Authors: Dubina A. O. , Reva O. A. , Shulman M. V.
Published: February 2020

As known, the natural seed renewal process flows under the influence of spontaneous climatic and biotic factors in forest biogeocoenoses. In this process in the conditions of steppe Ukraine the role of forest litter and the rodents’ activities is increasing especially.

Investigations were carried out in natural and artificial forest biogeocoenoses of Prisamaria and Kirov forestry, as well as in reclaimed areas of the Western Donbass.

Stocks of forest litter and the number of rodents (common vole, house mouse, field mouse etc.) have been studied according to conventional methods.

It was found that in contrast to humid conditions in natural forests of steppe Ukraine the litter contributes to friendly seeds germination of main tree species ‒ English oak and Scotch pine. Thus the forest litter has a beneficial effect on such an important in the life of the forest process as the natural seed renewal. Only in rare cases when the litter thickness exceeds 4-5 cm (in the conditions of steppe such type of litter is very rare), there may be obstacles for seeds germination.

The optimum number of rodents in natural systems without prejudice to homeostasis of biosystems can range between 50-80 individuals/ha. Significant increases in the number of rodents cause a decrease in natural regeneration. A trophic role of rodents should be considered as a positive factor in the young artificial forest reclaiming plantations.
Influence of forest vegetation on color, reflectivity and humus content in ordinary chernozems
Authors: Gorban V. A. , Khmelenko O. V. , Huslistyj A. O. , Tetiukha O. G.
Published: February 2020

The effect of acacia and oak plantations on the color, reflectivity and humus content in ordinary chernozems was investigated. As a result, it was found that among the humus horizons of the studied soils, the darkest are the horizons H1 and H2 of the chernozem under steppe vegetation and oak planting, and the least dark – the horizon H of the chernozem under acacia plantation. These horizons are distinguished by the smallest values ​​of H, S, B, R, G, B, L and the reflectivity and the highest values ​​of C, M, Y, K. Chernozem under oak stands has the greatest variability of color characteristics, the smallest – chernozem under acacia planting and chernozem under the steppe vegetation occupies an intermediate position. In general, the lowest values ​​of H, S, B, R, G, B, L and the highest values ​​of C, M, Y, K are characteristic of the horizons H1 and H2 of chernozem under oak. The highest content of total humus (4.58%) was found in the H1 horizon of chernozem under the steppe vegetation. In the H1 horizon of chernozem under oak planting, the content of total humus is slightly lower (3.76%), but this indicator is the maximum for the soil. The lowest total humus content in the upper humus horizon (2.63%) was found in chernozem under acacia. On the whole, the highest content of total humus is observed in the upper horizons, and its content decreases with depth. The calculation of the correlation coefficients allowed to establish for the soil samples in the air-dry state the existence of a close feedback between the humus content and the values ​​of the color indices H, S, B, R, G, B, L, and, to the greatest extent, the reflectivity (Δρ = ρ650– ρ480 and ρ750). The existence of a direct close relationship was found between humus content and C, M, and K values, and to a certain extent Y. The calculation of correlation coefficients revealed for soil samples in the wet state a close feedback between humus content and H, S, B, R, G, B, L and Y values. The existence of a direct close relationship is found between humus content and color values ​​C, M and K. In general, the effect of oak planting on chernozem is manifested in a greater intensification of the intensity of dark color, a decrease in reflectivity and an increase in the humus content in the upper horizons compared to acacia planting.
Penal Orders and the Risk of Wrongful Convictions
Authors: Enescu Raluca
Published: February 2020

The expansion of simplified criminal procedures has been important over the last thirty years. While they certainly produce judgments at a reduced cost, recent findings hint at their higher risk of wrongful convictions. This article sheds light on the emergence of penal orders in Germany, first used by the Prussian police as mandate orders. Today, numerous countries apply penal orders to minor offences and impose penalties that have become harsher over time. The procedural shortcuts of penal orders, which made them successful in the first place, entail considerable risks of wrongful convictions. Courts are able to render justice more swiftly, but at what cost? In Germany, convictions are recorded in the Central Criminal Register and exclude convicted persons from work in many fields. This article contends that the procedural shortcuts of penal orders, which allow a preliminary prosecutorial investigation to be rendered as a judicial decision, require additional safeguards to prevent wrongful convictions.
I Plano Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e o Bolsa Família em perspectiva intersetorial
Authors: Guimarães Lívia Marília Barbosa , Silva Sidney Jard da
Published: February 2020

Resumo: Este artigo, por meio de pesquisa qualitativa de caráter documental, analisou os principais resultados do I Plano Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (I Plansan 2012-2015) tendo como foco as conexões intersetoriais estabelecidas entre o Plano e o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Adotou-se o conceito de intersetorialidade definido pelo Conselho Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (Consea).
PERSONAL ORGANIZATIONAL WELL-BEING AND QUALITY OF ORGANIZATIONAL LIFE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: PAZ MARIA G. T. , FERNANDES SONIA R. P. , CARNEIRO LAILA L. , MELO ELEUNÍ A. A.
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: To test models of mediation and moderation of the organizational culture, competing values and styles of organizational operation having quality of organizational life (QOL) as antecedent and personal organizational well-being (POW) as consequent. Originality/value: Literature has presented tests of mediation/moderation models to understand well-being of employees and support leadership in the implementation of strategies that fit into the organizational realities. Organizational culture has been used as a component variable of some of those models. However, no publication investigating culture as mediator/moderator of the quality of life/well-being relation was found. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative, transversal survey employing scales that present evidences of psychometric validity applied to 1,292 employees (81%) of the population in a public organization. Two mediation models and two moderation models were tested through multiple regression. Findings: The results of the linear and hierarchic regression analyses used to test the proposed models showed that, except for the bureaucratic culture, all types of culture had significant power of mediation between the variables of QOL and POW. No moderation relation was found. The empirical evidences of the models tests point out the need for considering cultural traits of organizations in the design of strategies of intervention related to QOL and POW, since some may be more applicable to given cultures and less applicable to others.
Restauro e integridade: do concreto ao efêmero
Authors: SILVA JOELMIR MARQUES DA
Published: February 2020

RESUMO Um dos caminhos para o entendimento da noção de integridade é a teoria do restauro por visar à unidade potencial de um bem. A integridade é uma condição para a conservação do patrimônio e vem sendo alvo de debates nas últimas décadas, mas, quando o objeto de análise são os jardins históricos, somos remetidos a outra realidade - a ausência de um aprofundamento teórico e, consequentemente, de uma metodologia para sua verificação. Tal problemática impulsionou a escrita desde artigo que traz um panorama de como a integridade está sendo pensada e discutida e como os jardins históricos estão sendo considerados ante sua efemeridade, já que o elemento principal é o vegetal.
Kafkas Ihlamuru (Tilia rubra DC. subsp. caucasica) tohumlarinda farkli ekim ortamlarinin ve tohum toplama zamaninin çimlenme üzerine etkisi
Authors: ÖZYURT Güllizar , YÜCESAN Zafer
Published: February 2020

Çalışma kapsamında Kafkas ıhlamuru (Tilia rubra DC. subsp. caucasica ) türünün Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi kampüsü içerisinde yer alan üç farklı ağaçtan toplanan tohumları kullanılmıştır. Tohumlar iki farklı tarihte (15 Ağustos 2017 ve 5 Eylül 2017) toplanıp herhangi bir ön işleme tabi tutulmaksızın aynı gün içerisinde ekilmiştir. Ekim ortamı olarak dere kumu ve orman toprağı karışımı (1:2) kullanılmıştır. Sera ve açık alanda oluşturulan ekim yastıklarında ekimler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açık alanda yapılan ekimlerde gölgeleme yapılan ve yapılmayan deneme parselleri oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında en iyi çimlenme yüzdesi % 59.0 ile 5 Eylül döneminde toplanan tohumlardan açık alanda gölgeleme yapılan ekim yastıklarında elde edilmiştir. En yüksek çimlenme hızı ise Ağustos döneminde, 1 ve 2 no’lu ağaçtan toplanan tohumlarda, açık alanda gölgeleme yapılmayan ekim ortamında 36 gün olarak elde edilmiştir.
Influential Factors in Adherence to the Therapeutic Regime in Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Parra Dora Inés , Romero Guevara Sandra Lucrecia , Rojas Lyda Z
Published: February 2020

Objective. To determine the factors associated with adherence to the therapeutic regime in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus cared for in primary care centers.Methods. This was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted with 500 patients from two institutions in Bucaramanga (Colombia). Adherence to the therapeutic regime was measured with the label of Nursing outcomes “Treatment Behavior: Illness or Injury” and the instrument “Factors that influence on adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments” by Ortiz Suárez was used. Results. Factors affecting negatively adherence to the therapeutic regime were: belonging to the subsidized regime, never being able to read written information about the management of their disease, and never receiving information about benefits of the medications ordered by the physician. On the contrary, positive influence was noted by referring “never” to the following statements, which impacted positively on adherence: the diverse occupations you have in and out of the house hinder your following the treatment; when your symptoms improve, do you interrupt the treatment? previously, have you had difficulties in complying with your treatment and believe there are difficult-to-change customs about foods and exercises? Conclusion. Two socioeconomic factors and one related with the health system and staff affected negatively on adherence to the therapeutic regime, while four factors related with the therapy favored it. The factors identified could be used in the design of nursing interventions to improve adherence in this population.Descriptors: treatment adherence and compliance; hypertension; diabetes mellitus, type 2; risk factors; cross-sectional studiesHow to cite this article: Parra DI, Romero SL, Rojas LZ. Influential Factors in Adherence to the Therapeutic Regime in Hypertension and Diabetes. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e02.
Strategies of care for adolescent users of crack undergoing treatment
Authors: Portella Ribeiro Juliane , Calcagno Gomes Giovana , Soares Mota Marina , Ortiz Santos Elitiele , Domingues Eslabão Adriane
Published: February 2020

Objective. To analyze the care strategies of the adolescent crack user under treatment. Methods. Study of qualitative approach of descriptive type. The participants were 20 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas (Center for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and Drugs) and 10 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-juvenil (Center for Child Psychosocial Care) in a municipality in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and the data were submitted to Thematic Analysis. Results. It was identified the development of strategies in four scopes: attractive activities in specialized services, the building of bonds between the team and the adolescent, the inclusion of family in the care and the intersectoral work.  Conclusion.  Care strategies, directed to and that address the needs of adolescents, contribute to better adherence to treatment and social reintegration.Descriptors: Adolescent; Crack Cocaine; Street Drugs; Mental Health; adolescent health services; qualitative research.How to cite this article: Ribeiro JP, Gomes GC, Mota MS, Ortiz E, Eslabão AD. Strategies of care for adolescent users of crack undergoing treatment. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e12.
Hematological, parasitological and biochemical parameters in sheep during the peripartum period
Authors: David Caroline M G , Costa Ricardo LD , Parren Guadalupe A E , Rua Miguel A S , Nordi Ellen C P , Paz Claudia C P , Quirino Celia R , Figueiredo Rogério S , Bohland Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

Background: Pregnancy in all animal species requires special care and attention. During this period there is great variation in hematological and biochemical parameters. Many times these parameters are misinterpreted as being obtained from nonpregnant animals with unknown parasite status. Objective: To characterize the hematological, biochemical, and parasitological values within the peripartum period of Santa Ines sheep naturally infected. Methods: For this purpose, 45 ewes were used, with an average body weight of 50 kg. Data were collected during pregnancy, birth and, lactation. Measurements included body weight, body condition score (BCS), evaluation of conjunctive staining, and collection of blood and feces. Results: All variables changed throughout physiological stages. Weight and BCS were different between periods (p<0.05). Fecal egg counts (FEC) were higher in the peripartum period, with a predominance of Haemonchus ssp, 92.85%. Mean hematological and biochemical values varied throughout the study, (p>0.05). Conclusion: The influence of peripartum on the parameters studied should be considered and its use as a reference value. Regarding the physiological variations observed during peripartum, proper animal management could help minimizing the negative effects of parasitic infections on productivity.
The level of formation of professional and ethical competence of social teachers at the constituating stage of experiment
Authors: Beznosyuk Ekaterina V.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the results of the ascertaining stage of an experimental study on the implementation of a model for the formation of professional and ethical competence of future social teachers in terms of training in a magistracy through a set of pedagogical conditions and a number of interconnected blocks (conceptual, organizational, technological and effective), as well as stages (preparatory, informational, technological, effective). In the context of this study, a substantial description of the ascertaining stage of an experimental study is described, diagnostic tools are provided that were used at this stage to determine the initial level of formation of special competencies (moral and axiological, moral and regulatory, moral and reflexive) that we identified as an effective part of professional development. ethical competence of social educators. The results of a diagnostic study of the levels of development of special competencies (moral and axiological, moral and regulatory, moral and reflexive) are presented.In the pedagogical experiment, 192 graduate students took part, which were divided into two groups: the control group (96 people) and the experimental group (96 people). The educational process in the control group was built in the traditional form, and in the experimental one it was aimed at introducing and testing the model of the formation of the professional and ethical competence of the social teacher.According to the results of an experimental study, both the experimental and control groups of the threshold and base level of professional ethical competence were established to dominate, which was the basis for the further implementation of the formative stage of the experiment to introduce pedagogical conditions aimed at the targeted development of undergraduates in the direction of training 44.03.02 "Psychological and pedagogical education" professional and ethical competence.
Pedagogical model of curator activity for formation of student civil position at higher educational institution
Authors: Miroshina Tatiana A.
Published: February 2020

The article shows that the education system should prepare people who can live in civil society and constitutional state and also create them. Literature theoretical analysis allowed us to determine the activities of the curator for the formation of student civic position as a focused and consciously carried out pedagogical process for the organization of socially significant activities of students and the development of self-government, necessary for self-realization of a person in society. In the course of the experimental work, a pedagogical model of the curator’s activity on the formation of the civic position of students was developed and implemented. It includes a number of components such as goals, objectives, content of the activities of curators and students at each stage of the formation of a civil position, methods, forms, means, criteria and indicators of the formation of a civil position. The implementation of this pedagogical model promotes the involvement of students in socially significant work, their active participation in various areas of interest, allows students to develop organizational skills, gain experience in participating in self- government and show a civil position. On the basis of developed the criteria and indicators we measured the level of formation of the civic position of students based on their introspection and expert assessments. The experts were individual group students, lecturers and curators. The study allowed us to conclude that the focused activities of the curators contribute to the activation of extracurricular activities of students, the development of student self-government of the group as a real form of student democracy with the corresponding rights, opportunities and responsibilities.
Analysis of theoretical approaches to the definition of the content of education and training in the Master's degree
Authors: Buntova Elena V.
Published: February 2020

The paper analyzes the theoretical approaches to the definition and analysis of the content of education and the content of teaching in didactics. It is concluded that the process of changing the concept of the content of education and training is associated with the needs of society, which determine the goals of education; the system of training, subject to the laws of the learning process; time and material constraints. In the course of the study identified problems in the content of education at the present stage of development of Russian higher education. The author of the study is to define the requirements for the content of programs and training courses, identifies the essential components of the content of training in a magistracy. The analysis of scientific literature, personal pedagogical experience, requirements to the content of education and training in the master's degree allowed to establish the connection of the procedure for determining the content of educational material with the methods of its selection. This connection is established on the principles of goal-setting, which determines the correspondence of the content of education in the master's program to the goals and objectives set by the society at the present stage of development; content compliance study at the graduate level of modern science and production; structural integrity; soundness and sufficient minimum of knowledge; compliance of the scope of the educational material planned study time to study it.