bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS HEYZINE DI GUGUS MENES
Authors: Pratiwi Wiwik , Hidayat Sholeh , Suherman Suherman
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKKreativitas dan inovasi sangat dinanti oleh pemerintah untuk proses pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Menghasilkan produk elektronik berupa konten materi ialah harapan yang diinginkan oleh peneliti. Materi ini dijabarkan ke bentuk visual dengan memanfaatkan heyzine. Hadirnya beberapa tools pendukung guna membuat bahan ajar salah satunya adalah heyzine yaitu tools dari canva. Heyzine adalah flipbooks yang penggunaannya berbentuk flip, sehingga pengguna dapat menggunakannya seperti membaca buku cetak biasa. Untuk mendapatkan tujuan ini peneliti menggunakan penelitian Reasearch and Development (R&D) dengan model 4D. Pendefinisian, desain, pengembangan, dan penyebaran adalah empat fase dari model ini. Berdasarkan hasil tahapan yang dilakukan dengan model 4D bisa dikonklusikan, bahan ajar dikembangkan menggunakan heyzine amat mudah dipahami dan menarik bagi guru-guru SD di Gugus Menes.Kata Kunci: heyzine, model 4D, modul proyek, flipbook, kurikulum ABSTRACTCreativity and innovation are highly anticipated by governments for the fun learning process. Research is carried out with the producing a product of material content. The material was developed in a visual format using heyzine. In addition to several contributing applications, one is heyzine, which is canva tools. Heyzine is the flipbooks that use them in the shape of a flip, so users can use them as if they were reading a normal print book. To achieve that goal the researchers used research and development (r&d) research with model 4D. Define, design, development, and disseminate are four phases of this model. Based on the results of the 4D model, the teaching material developed with heyzine was perfectly understandable and interesting to elementary school teachers on the Menes.keywords: heyzine, 4D models, project module, flipbook, curicullum
Solving the naming ambiguity of auditory localization mechanisms: HRTF & HRSL, and ILD, ITD, IPD
Authors: Carlini Alessandro
Published: July 2023

This work aims to establish unambiguous names for auditory localization mechanisms. Auditory localization relies on neural mechanisms processing information based on physical sound features. One key mechanism in three-dimensional auditory localization is the Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF). However, this name (HRTF) is currently used for two distinct mechanisms, leading to ambiguity.

The first mechanism involves a perceptual process used by our auditory system to locate sound sources in 3D space. The second mechanism is a technological sound processing, which attributes characteristics of distant sound sources to near artificial sources (e.g., headphones).

To solve this problem, we propose to keep the name “Head Related Transfer Function” for the technological mechanism that describes the artificial manipulation of sound. For the perceptual mechanism, however, the new proposed name is “Head Reflected Sound Localization” (HRSL), which maintains structural consistency with the previous name, and clearly describes the nature of the perceptual mechanism.
Training on Financial Reporting and Projection of Business Feasibility for Residents of Bulu Cina Village, Hamparan Perak District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra
Authors: Muda Iskandar , Erlina  , Sembiring Malinda Sari
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this training is to carry out a Feasibility Study Analysis which includes an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) analysis, Payback Period and loan repayment analysis to the Buluh Cina Village government, Hamparan Perak Subdistrict, Deli Serdang and provide training on digital financial reports. Methods The training provided to the residents of Buluh Cina Village, Hamparan Perak Sub-district was carried out by making presentations to villagers who had the potential to run a business, this was carried out by the Service Team who served as resource persons. In this training, the Service Team also provides appropriate technology assistance in the form of: Excel Feasibility Study application in the form of entering elements of Income, Expenses, Bank Interest, Rate of Return, Payback Period and Decisions taken. The results achieved are the availability of a Feasibility Study Analysis application as well as a digital Financial Report application so that institutionally it meets the requirements as an adequate business organization. The advice given in this activity is to carry out monitoring and evaluation of the application of the Business Feasibility Study application and the application of Financial Statements.
An Ethical Profile: How Family and Background Influences Decision Making in Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Robinson Adrienne
Published: July 2023

An ethical profile provides an overview of how an individual reconciles decisions. This profile is influential for rehabilitation counselors and their decision-making in professional practice. Reviewing background, including family history, along with their decision-making style among other areas is vital to a counselor’s development of professional ethics. The article examines the history of ethics. Furthermore, it delves into how ethics can assist in providing socially just and equitable services and practices. By reviewing an ethical autobiography and personal decision-making style along with understanding a genogram, one can understand the influence on overall ethical development.
Deep neural network for prediction and control of permeability decline in single pass tangential flow ultrafiltration in continuous processing of monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Jesubalan Naveen G. , Thakur Garima , Rathore Anurag S.
Published: July 2023

Single-pass tangential flow filtration (SPTFF) is a crucial technology enabling the continuous manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). By significantly increasing the membrane area utilized in the process, SPTFF allows the mAb process stream to be concentrated up to the desired final target in a single pass across the membrane surface without the need for recirculation. However, a key challenge in SPTFF is compensating for flux decline across the membrane due to concentration polarization and surface fouling phenomena. In continuous downstream processing, flux decline immediately impacts the continuous process flowrates. It reduces the concentration factor achievable in a single pass, thereby reducing the final concentration attained at the outlet of the SPTFF module. In this work, we develop a deep neural network model to predict the NWP in real-time without the need to conduct actual NWP measurements. The developed model incorporates process parameters such as pressure and feed concentrations through inline sensors and a spectroscopy-coupled data model (NIR-PLS model). The model determines the optimal timing for membrane cleaning steps when the normalized water permeability (NWP) falls below 60%. Using SCADA and PLC, a distributed control system was developed to integrate the monitoring sensors and control elements, such as the NIRS sensor for concentration monitoring, the DNN model for NWP prediction, weighing balances, pressure sensors, pumps, and valves. The model was tested in real-time, and the NWP was predicted within <5% error in three independent test cases, successfully enabling control of the SPTFF step in line with the Quality by Design paradigm.
Dynamic subcanopy leaf traits drive resistance of net primary production across a disturbance severity gradient
Authors: Haber Lisa T. , Atkins Jeff W. , Bond-Lamberty Ben P. , Gough Christopher M.
Published: July 2023

Across the globe, the forest carbon sink is increasingly vulnerable to an expanding array of low- to moderate-severity disturbances. However, some forest ecosystems exhibit functional resistance (i.e., the capacity of ecosystems to continue functioning as usual) following disturbances such as extreme weather events and insect or fungal pathogen outbreaks. Unlike severe disturbances (e.g., stand-replacing wildfires), moderate severity disturbances do not always result in near-term declines in forest production because of the potential for compensatory growth, including enhanced subcanopy production. Community-wide shifts in subcanopy plant functional traits, prompted by disturbance-driven environmental change, may play a key mechanistic role in resisting declines in net primary production (NPP) up to thresholds of canopy loss. However, the temporal dynamics of these shifts, as well as the upper limits of disturbance for which subcanopy production can compensate, remain poorly characterized. In this study, we leverage a 4-year dataset from an experimental forest disturbance in northern Michigan to assess subcanopy community trait shifts as well as their utility in predicting ecosystem NPP resistance across a wide range of implemented disturbance severities. Through mechanical girdling of stems, we achieved a gradient of severity from 0% (i.e., control) to 45, 65, and 85% targeted gross canopy defoliation, replicated across four landscape ecosystems broadly representative of the Upper Great Lakes ecoregion. We found that three of four examined subcanopy community weighted mean (CWM) traits including leaf photosynthetic rate (p = 0.04), stomatal conductance (p = 0.07), and the red edge normalized difference vegetation index (p < 0.0001) shifted rapidly following disturbance but before widespread changes in subcanopy light environment triggered by canopy tree mortality. Surprisingly, stimulated subcanopy production fully compensated for upper canopy losses across our gradient of experimental severities, achieving complete resistance (i.e., no significant interannual differences from control) of whole ecosystem NPP even in the 85% disturbance treatment. Additionally, we identified a probable mechanistic switch from nutrient-driven to light-driven trait shifts as disturbance progressed. Our findings suggest that remotely sensed traits such as the red edge normalized difference vegetation index (reNDVI) could be particularly sensitive and robust predictors of production response to disturbance, even across compositionally diverse forests. The potential of leaf spectral indices to predict post-disturbance functional resistance is promising given the capabilities of airborne to satellite remote sensing. We conclude that dynamic functional trait shifts following disturbance can be used to predict production response across a wide range of disturbance severities.
cTULIP: application of a human-based RNA-seq primary tumor classification tool for cross-species primary tumor classification in canine
Authors: Long Jiaxin , Ganakammal Satishkumar Ranganathan , Jones Sara E. , Kothandaraman Harish , Dhawan Deepika , Ogas Joe , Knapp Deborah W. , Beyers Matthew , Lanman Nadia A.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, is quickly gaining traction as an advantageous model for use in the study of cancer, one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Naturally occurring canine cancers share clinical, histological, and molecular characteristics with the corresponding human diseases.

Methods

In this study, we take a deep-learning approach to test how similar the gene expression profile of canine glioma and bladder cancer (BLCA) tumors are to the corresponding human tumors. We likewise develop a tool for identifying misclassified or outlier samples in large canine oncological datasets, analogous to that which was developed for human datasets.

Results

We test a number of machine learning algorithms and found that a convolutional neural network outperformed logistic regression and random forest approaches. We use a recently developed RNA-seq-based convolutional neural network, TULIP, to test the robustness of a human-data-trained primary tumor classification tool on cross-species primary tumor prediction. Our study ultimately highlights the molecular similarities between canine and human BLCA and glioma tumors, showing that protein-coding one-to-one homologs shared between humans and canines, are sufficient to distinguish between BLCA and gliomas.

Discussion

The results of this study indicate that using protein-coding one-to-one homologs as the features in the input layer of TULIP performs good primary tumor prediction in both humans and canines. Furthermore, our analysis shows that our selected features also contain the majority of features with known clinical relevance in BLCA and gliomas. Our success in using a human-data-trained model for cross-species primary tumor prediction also sheds light on the conservation of oncological pathways in humans and canines, further underscoring the importance of the canine model system in the study of human disease.
Review on the conceptual framework of teacher resilience
Authors: Zhang Shen , Luo Yuzhou
Published: July 2023

Resilience is the ability to bounce back from setbacks and adapt to new circumstances. Resilient teachers can handle these issues. In this case, it’s proposed to interpret the recent decade’s resilience research on teachers. Provide a conceptual framework for teacher resilience factors. The Scopus database was used to collect articles. The titles and abstracts of articles were read one by one. As a result, 22 articles were included in the data analysis. The country where the data were collected, the aims of the study, the education level which the participants working, the sample size, the scale used, and the variables included in the study are marked in the full text. Most studies were effect determination, correlation, or exploratory. Initially, age and gender inequalities among instructors were examined. Postgraduate instructors are more resilient than undergraduates. Psychological factors, workplace variables, and teacher competency and attributes are used to study teacher resilience. Teachers’ resilience negatively impacts depression, stress, anxiety, well-being, and mood. Quality of life and well-being are positively connected. Job crafting, work engagement, and working environment are favorably connected, whereas job burnout and turnover intention are adversely correlated. Resilience was positively connected with emotion regulation, empathy, others’ emotion evaluation, teacher competence, teacher self-efficacy, and self-esteem in teachers. Anger, anxiety, mindfulness, pleasure, social support, fear, and training affect teachers’ resilience. Teachers’ resilience affects stress, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, children’s resilience, job engagement, happiness, well-being, self-care, and success.
Self-Supervised Representation Learning for Quasi-Simultaneous Arrival Signal Identification Based on Reconnaissance Drones
Authors: Guo Linqing , Du Mingyang , Xiong Jingwei , Wu Zilong , Pan Jifei
Published: July 2023

Reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicles are specifically designed to estimate parameters and process intercepted signals for the purpose of identifying and locating radars. However, distinguishing quasi-simultaneous arrival signals (QSAS) has become increasingly challenging in complex electromagnetic environments. In order to address the problem, a framework for self-supervised deep representation learning is proposed. The framework consists of two phases: (1) pre-train an autoencoder. For learning the unlabeled QSAS representation, the ConvNeXt V2 is trained to extract features from masked time–frequency images and reconstruct the corresponding signal in both time and frequency domains; (2) transfer the learned knowledge. For downstream tasks, encoder layers are frozen, the linear layer is fine-tuned to classify QSAS under few-shot conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve an average recognition accuracy of over 81% with the signal-to-noise ratio in the range of −16∼16 dB. Compared to existing CNN-based and Transformer-based neural networks, the proposed algorithm shortens the time of testing by about 11× and improves accuracy by up to 21.95%.
Sexual Well-Being in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study on the Role of Self-Esteem and Acceptance of Illness
Authors: Gerymski Rafał , Szeląg Marta
Published: July 2023

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe chronic mental illnesses. It drastically changes an individual’s life and well-being. Sexual well-being in schizophrenia is often sidelined, even though it is one of the main areas for maintaining quality of life. Based on the conservation of resources theory (COR) and empirical data, we assume that self-esteem and acceptance of illness help in coping with schizophrenia and maintaining sexual well-being. This pilot study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being in Polish individuals with schizophrenia. The results of 60 individuals were included in this study. In the present study, the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), and Short Sexual Well-Being Scale (SSWBS) were used. The study showed a significant association between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being. Self-esteem (β = 0.62) and acceptance of illness (β = 0.55) acted as positive and significant predictors of sexual well-being in individuals with schizophrenia. Acceptance of illness was also found to play a mediating role between self-esteem and sexual well-being in people with schizophrenia (indirect effect: β = 0.34; LLCI = 0.063; ULCI = 0.839). The current pilot study demonstrates the relationship between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being. Our findings highlight the significant role of acceptance of illness in maintaining sexual well-being among individuals with schizophrenia.
On Pantograph Problems Involving Weighted Caputo Fractional Operators with Respect to Another Function
Authors: Ali Saeed M.
Published: July 2023

In this investigation, weighted psi-Caputo fractional derivatives are applied to analyze the solution of fractional pantograph problems with boundary conditions. We establish the existence of solutions to the indicated pantograph equations as well as their uniqueness. The study also takes into account the situation where ψ(x)=x. With the aid of Banach’s and Krasnoselskii’s classic fixed point results, we have established a the qualitative study. Different values of ψ(x) and w(x) are discussed as special cases that are relevant to our current results. Additionally, in light of our findings, we provide a more general fractional system with the weighted ψ-Caputo-type that takes into account both the new problems and certain previously existing, related problems. Finally, we give two illustrations to support and validate the outcomes.
Artificial Cavities in the Northern Campania Plain: Architectural Variability and Cataloging Challenge
Authors: Vigliotti Marco , Fabozzi Maria Assunta , Buffardi Carla , Ruberti Daniela
Published: July 2023

In Campania (southern Italy), the widespread presence of anthropogenic cavities in the subsoil of the Neapolitan and Caserta provinces is well known. In these towns, the underground quarrying activities were performed for centuries to extract volcanic tuffs for buildings. The urban developments have sealed many signals of the presence of cavities and their real extent is almost unknown, thus representing a geological hazard and contributing to the subsoil instability of many places. This contribution will show the main cavity typologies recognized across an area north of Naples according to the geological characteristics of the subsoil. The main aim of the study is the cataloging of the cavities and the analysis of the city subsoil as their presence may easily trigger the collapse of the shallow or deeper soils. Moreover, the recognition and sustainable reuse of cavities contributes to enhancing the cultural and touristic promotion of a territory. In this study, a database framework was elaborated that includes all the possible architectural, geological and geotechnical elements of the cavities. Data were managed in a GIS environment in order to provide a useful tool for monitoring and managing the cavities for risk mitigation and tourism enhancement.
The Effect of Liquid Hydrogen Tank Size on Self-Pressurization and Constant-Pressure Venting
Authors: Matveev Konstantin I. , Leachman Jacob W.
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen represents a promising renewable fuel, and its broad application can lead to drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Keeping hydrogen in liquid form helps achieve high energy density, but also requires cryogenic conditions for storage as hydrogen evaporates at temperatures of about 20 K, which can lead to a large pressure build-up in the tank. This paper addresses the unsteady thermal modeling of cryogenic tanks with liquid hydrogen. Considering the liquid and vapor phases in the tank as two nodes with averaged properties, a lumped-element method of low computational cost is developed and used for simulating two regimes: self-pressurization (also known as autogenous pressurization, or pressure build-up in the closed tank due to external heat leaks) and constant-pressure venting (when some hydrogen is let out of the tank to maintain pressure at a fixed level). The model compares favorably (within several percent for pressure) to experimental observations for autogenous pressurization in a NASA liquid hydrogen tank. The two processes of interest in this study are numerically investigated in tanks of similar shapes but different sizes ranging from about 2 to 1200 m3. Pressure and temperature growth rates are characterized in closed tanks, where the interfacial mass transfer manifests initial condensation followed by more pronounced evaporation. In tanks where pressure is kept fixed by venting some hydrogen from the vapor domain of the tank, the initial venting rate significantly exceeds evaporation rate, but after a settling period, magnitudes of both rates approach each other and continue evolving at a slower pace. The largest tank demonstrates a six-times-lower pressure rise than the smallest tank over a 100 h period. The relative boil-off losses in continuously vented tanks are found to be approximately proportional to the inverse of the tank diameter, thus generally following simple Galilean scaling with a few percent deviation due to scale effects. The model developed in this work is flexible for analyzing a variety of processes in liquid hydrogen storage systems, raising efficiencies, which is critically important for a future economy based on renewable energy.
Antimicrobial Nanomaterials: A Review
Authors: Yılmaz Gaye Ezgi , Göktürk Ilgım , Ovezova Mamajan , Yılmaz Fatma , Kılıç Seçkin , Denizli Adil
Published: July 2023

Microbial colonization on various surfaces is a serious problem. Biofilms from these microbes pose serious health and economic threats. In addition, the recent global pandemic has also attracted great interest in the latest techniques and technology for antimicrobial surface coatings. Incorporating antimicrobial nanocompounds into materials to prevent microbial adhesion or kill microorganisms has become an increasingly challenging strategy. Recently, many studies have been conducted on the preparation of nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties against diseases caused by pathogens. Despite tremendous efforts to produce antibacterial materials, there is little systematic research on antimicrobial coatings. In this article, we set out to provide a comprehensive overview of nanomaterials-based antimicrobial coatings that can be used to stop the spread of contamination to surfaces. Typically, surfaces can be simple deposits of nanomaterials, embedded nanomaterials, as well as nanotubes, nanowires, nanocolumns, nanofibers, nanoneedles, and bio-inspired structures.
A Novel Method for Extracting and Analyzing the Geometry Properties of the Shortest Pedestrian Paths Focusing on Open Geospatial Data
Authors: Hosseini Reza , Tong Daoqin , Lim Samsung , Sun Qian Chayn , Sohn Gunho , Gidófalvi Gyözö , Alimohammadi Abbas , Seyedabrishami Seyedehsan
Published: July 2023

Unlike car navigation, where almost all vehicles can traverse every route, one route might not be optimal or even suitable for all pedestrians. Route geometry information, including tortuosity, twists and turns along roads, junctions, and road slopes, among others, matters a great deal for specific types of pedestrians, particularly those with limited mobility, such as wheelchair users and older adults. Offering practical routing services to these users requires that pedestrian navigation systems provide further information on route geometry. Therefore, this article proposes a novel method for extracting and analyzing the geometry properties of the shortest pedestrian paths, with a focus on open geospatial data across four aspects: (a) similarity, (b) route curviness, (c) road turns and intersections, and (d) road gradients. Deriving from the Hausdorff distance, a metric called the “dissimilarity ratio” was developed, allowing us to determine whether pairs of routes show any tendencies to be similar to each other. Using the “sinuosity index”, a segment-based technique quantified the route curviness based on the number and degree of the road turns along the route. Moreover, relying upon open elevation data, the road gradients were extracted to identify routes offering smoother motion and better accessibility. Lastly, the road turns and intersections were investigated as pedestrian convenience and safety indicators. A local government area of Greater Sydney in Australia was chosen as the case study. The analysis was implemented on OpenStreetMap (OSM) shortest pedestrian paths against Google Maps as a benchmark for real-world commercial applications. The similarity analysis indicated that over 90% of OSM routes were identical or roughly similar to Google Maps. In addition, while Spearman’s rank correlation showed a direct relationship between route curviness and route length, rS(758) = 0.92, p < 0.001, OSM, on average, witnessed more tortuous routes and, consequently, shorter straight roads between turns. However, OSM routes could be more suitable for pedestrians when the frequency of intersections and road slopes are at the center of attention. Finally, the devised metrics in this study, including the dissimilarity ratio and sinuosity index, showed their practicability in translating raw values into meaningful indicators.
Incorporating Traffic Models into Seismic Damage Analysis of Bridge Road Networks: A Case Study in Central Italy
Authors: Rasulo Alessandro , Nardoianni Sofia , Evangelisti Azzurra , D’Apuzzo Mauro
Published: July 2023

Transportation networks are one of the most vulnerable civil infrastructures during an earthquake and an estimation of traffic impacts in the post-earthquake scenario is a crucial aspect in the context of risk assessment and evaluation of remedial measures. In this paper, a methodology is presented, combining GIS tools, probabilistic seismic risk analysis and traffic simulation models, which is able to assess the direct and indirect (social) costs: bridge repairs, increase in travel time and a lack of accessibility. Operating issues related to the development and calibration of traffic models applicable to a damaged road network are carefully analysed and reviewed and an innovative approach to evaluate the social cost due to the lack of accessibility is also proposed. The developed modelling framework has been applied on a realistic bridge stock within a road transportation network in central Italy where local land-use data have been collected, extensive traffic surveys have been performed and a traffic model has been calibrated. A probabilistic risk analysis employing a ShakeMap derived from a historical real seismic event has been carried out.
Predicting School Grades: Can Conscientiousness Compensate for Intelligence?
Authors: Friedrich Teresa Sophie , Schütz Astrid
Published: July 2023

Intelligence and noncognitive factors such as conscientiousness are strongly related to academic performance. As theory and research differ with respect to their interplay in predicting performance, the present study examines whether conscientiousness compensates for intelligence or enhances the effect of intelligence on performance in 3775 13th grade students from Germany. Latent moderation analyses show positive main effects of intelligence and conscientiousness on grades. Further, analyses reveal synergistic interactions in predicting grades in biology, mathematics, and German, but no interaction in predicting grades in English. Intelligence and grades are more strongly linked if students are conscientious. Multigroup models detected gender differences in biology, but no differences with respect to SES. In biology, conscientiousness has especially strong effects in intelligent men. Conscientiousness thus enhances the effect of intelligence on performance in several subjects.
Evaluating Food Additives Based on Organic and Inorganic Salts as Antifungal Agents against Monilinia fructigena and Maintaining Postharvest Quality of Apple Fruit
Authors: Lyousfi Nadia , Legrifi Ikram , Ennahli Nabil , Blenzar Abdelali , Amiri Said , Laasli Salah-Eddine , Handaq Nadia , Belabess Zineb , Ait Barka Essaid , Lahlali Rachid
Published: July 2023

A set of commonly used food additives was evaluated for their antifungal activity against the brown rot disease of fruits caused by the fungal pathogen Monilinia fructigena, which is one of the most economically important agents, causing important damage to pome fruits, such as pears and apples. The radial mycelial growth of the fungal pathogen was assessed in PDA amended with different concentrations (0.5, 2, 2.5, and 5%) of each additive. The results underlined that most of the additives displayed a significant inhibition of mycelial growth, with the extent of inhibition varying depending on the specific additive and concentration used. Five food additives showed high inhibition rates (above 88%), of which sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, copper sulphate, and sodium hydroxide were the most effective, whereas ammonium carbonate, magnesium chlorite, and citric acid were the least effective. Interestingly, the coatings containing sodium bicarbonate, copper sulphate, and ammonium bicarbonate significantly reduced the incidence of brown rot disease in apples, but other additives were not effective, such as ammonium carbonate and magnesium sulphate. The anhydrous sodium sulphate used at a concentration of 2%, was found to be one of the least effective additives, with a reduction rate of 20%. Subsequently, food additives showing good growth inhibition rates and reduction in disease severity were then tested in semi-commercial trials at temperatures of 4 °C and 22 °C. The results indicated that these additives demonstrate effectiveness in controlling M. fructigena at specific concentrations, and lower temperatures (4 °C) can improve the efficiency of the control measures. In addition, the selected food additives exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against M. fructigena, suggesting their application as a promising alternative for managing brown rot disease in apple fruits.
Enhanced Energy Recovery in Magnetic Energy-Harvesting Shock Absorbers Using Soft Magnetic Materials
Authors: Aberturas Susana , Olazagoitia José Luis , García Miguel Ángel , Hernando Antonio
Published: July 2023

In the automobile sector, energy recovery and sustainability are becoming more and more important, and energy-harvesting suspension systems (EHSAs) have a lot of promise to improve vehicle efficiency. This investigation expands on prior work that investigated the viability of an EHSA that uses permanent magnets and amorphous core coils. The performance of the proposed system is demonstrated and enhanced in the current study through the development and optimization of a prototype. A thorough testing of the prototype is performed to determine design improvements for boosting the system’s overall performance and to quantify the recovered energy. In previous work, a method was proposed to find the dependence of the magnetic flux with the relative position between the primary and secondary elements to obtain the optimal position for the system. This method is applied to optimize the energy harvesting coil by testing different configurations in terms of the placement and type of amorphous or nonamorphous core inside the energy harvesting coil. This is a crucial area of attention in order to maximize energy recovery while solving the low-frequency problem that suspension systems have (on the order of 10 Hz).
The Molecular Epidemiology of Enterovirus in a Birth Cohort in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sanjaya K. , Shrestha Jasmin , Strand Tor A. , Numanovic Sanela , Andreassen Ashild K. , Dembinski Jennifer L. , Vikse Rose , Dudman Susanne
Published: July 2023

Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has a major impact on morbidity and mortality worldwide. The viral aetiology of diarrhoeal diseases may remain unknown due to limited diagnostic facilities. Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) are the third most frequent pathogen detected in stool specimens from AGE cases, yet their potential role in AGE is uncertain. In Nepal, limited data are available on NPEVs, due to both the lack of an adequate surveillance program and the availability of tests. The global polio eradication initiative effort of the WHO has eradicated the incidence of poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) from many parts of the world, including Nepal. However, cases of AFP associated with NPEVs have been reported in different countries, including the neighbouring India. This study aims to investigate the diarrhoeal stool samples from a birth cohort until the age of 36 months for NPEVs and the genotype diversity of NPEV in community children with diarrhoea. A total of 280 longitudinal diarrhoeal stool samples that were negative for other enteric pathogens were tested using RT-PCRs. NPEVs was detected in 97 stool specimens (34.6%) and were significantly more frequent in infants up to one year of age. This study identified 17 various NPEV types, with the dominating species being Enterovirus B (EV-B). Ten different types of echoviruses were recorded in this study, with the two rare NPEVs B74 and A120. Based on prevalence, seasonality, and diversity, further studies are warranted to investigate the role of enterovirus in diarrhoeal disease.
Diagnostic Strategies for Brain Doping in an Animal Model via Quantitative Analysis of Neurochemicals
Authors: Cho Yoeseph , Jeon Seongeun , Lee Yejin , Park Hana , Xu Yinglan , Jeon Mijin , Jung Sunmi , Kim Minyoung , Chin Ahlim , Yoon Sang Sun , Son Junghyun
Published: July 2023

Brain doping is a novel form of doping that involves stimulating specific brain regions to enhance sports performance. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is currently no established provision or detection method for it. As brain stimulation ultimately induces alterations in neurochemical concentrations, this study aimed to develop a diagnostic strategy for brain doping. We successfully developed and validated a sensitive simultaneous analysis method for 23 neurochemicals present in urine. Simple derivatization was employed to overcome ionization efficiency, enabling the effective detection of all the target compounds within 5 min. Additionally, we developed an animal model system using rats to replicate brain-doping scenarios and establish a diagnostic strategy. Behavior tests confirmed improved sports performance in the brain stimulation group. By examining changes in the distribution patterns of the target substances in urine samples, we observed that neurochemicals could be used as potential biomarkers for brain-doping diagnosis. The developed method allows the effective simultaneous analysis of multiple neurochemicals in biological samples and is expected to have various applications, including doping control. Thus, changes in the distribution pattern of neurochemicals could serve as a basis for brain-doping diagnosis.
Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Formulations with Greater Impact on Earthworms and Water Infiltration than Pure Glyphosate
Authors: Brandmaier Verena , Altmanninger Anna , Leisch Friedrich , Gruber Edith , Takács Eszter , Mörtl Mária , Klátyik Szandra , Székács András , Zaller Johann G.
Published: July 2023

Glyphosate is the most widely used active ingredient (AI) in thousands of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) worldwide. Short-term impacts of AIs or GBHs on earthworms are well known, but few studies have examined long-term legacy effects >3 months after application. In a pot experiment, we studied both short-term and long-term effects on deep burrowing earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) and soil functions. Therefore, the cover crop Sinapis alba was grown in soils with either 3.0% or 4.1% soil organic matter content (SOM) and either sprayed with a GBH (Touchdown Quattro, Roundup PowerFlex, or Roundup LB Plus) or the respective glyphosate AI (diammonium-, potassium-, or isopropylamine-salt) or hand weeded (control). Long-term effects showed increased earthworm activity under GBHs even 4 months after application, but similar activity under AIs and control. Another application of the same treatments 5 months after the previous one also increased earthworm activity under GBHs, especially at high SOM levels. Water infiltration after a simulated heavy rainfall was 50% lower, and leaching was 30% higher under GBH than under AI application or hand weeding. Individual GBHs and AIs varied in their effects and were influenced by SOM and soil moisture. Full disclosure of all ingredients in GBH formulations would be necessary to allow a comprehensive assessment of environmental risks.
Penetrating Abdominal Trauma from Liposuction: The Miami Experience
Authors: Lyons Nicole B. , Ramsey Walter A. , Cohen Brianna L. , O’Neil Christopher F. , Botero-Fonnegra Cristina , Huerta Carlos T. , Arakelians Aris , Jabori Sinan , Proctor Kenneth G. , Kassira Wrood , Kaufman Joyce I. , Lineen Edward B. , Singh Devinder , Namias Nicholas
Published: July 2023

Liposuction is one of the most commonly performed aesthetic plastic surgery procedures in the world. Although serious complications are rare, intra-abdominal complications such as bowel perforation are one of the most common causes of death after liposuction. We present a case series of six patients who sustained intra-abdominal injuries from liposuction. The acute care surgery (ACS) faculty at a single institution were surveyed for patients. Six patients were identified over a three-year period. The average age was 45 years, and all patients were female. All six underwent a cosmetic procedure in addition to their liposuction. Four (67%) had previous abdominal surgery, and five (83%) were overweight or obese. All patients presented with abdominal pain, tachycardia, and leukocytosis. All six underwent exploratory laparotomies: four patients had small bowel enterotomies, one had cecal volvulus and abdominal compartment syndrome, and one had fascial violation. They underwent an average of four ACS procedures (range 1 to 11) and had an average hospital LOS of 29 days (range 5 to 60) and an average ICU LOS of 11 days (range 1 to 39). Intra-abdominal injuries are a rare complication of liposuction; however, a high index of suspicion must be maintained to diagnose and treat these life-threatening injuries.
Positive Youth Identity: The Role of Adult Social Support
Authors: Jankowska-Tvedten Agnieszka , Wiium Nora
Published: July 2023

Positive identity is essential to adolescents’ well-being and a successful transition to adulthood. Understanding factors that contribute to identity formation is important to promote healthy development. The present study applies the Positive Youth Development (PYD) framework to explore associations between adult social support and positive identity among Norwegian high school students (N = 220, Mage = 17.30, SD = 1.12). Reflecting on the ecology of adolescence, the study examined the extent to which family, other significant adults, and school support relate to different dimensions of positive identity (personal power, self-esteem, sense of purpose, and positive view of future). Further, the hierarchy of importance among the support variables was investigated. Cross-sectional data on items measuring the different dimensions of social support and positive identity were analyzed. Findings from regression analyses indicated that adult support in all three ecological contexts (family, neighborhood, and school) was significantly and positively related to positive identity and at least one of its four dimensions (β = 0.15–0.27, p < 0.05). Support from other significant adults emerged as the most important predictor, followed by family and then school support. While future research should also consider support accessed through social media, our findings extend PYD scholarship in the Norwegian context by highlighting the importance of key youth ecological contexts when fostering positive youth identity.
Burnout, psychological wellbeing, and musculoskeletal complaints in UK GPs: an observational study
Authors: Biddle Gregory JH , Thomas Nicholas , Edwardson Charlotte L , Clemes Stacy A , Daley Amanda J
Published: July 2023

Background

Healthcare systems are under unprecedented pressure. GPs are crucial to the health of the population, yet their own health and wellbeing is often overlooked.

Aim

To investigate feelings of burnout, psychological wellbeing, and musculoskeletal complaints in GPs across the UK and to examine whether these health outcomes vary according to the time GPs spent sitting, their participation in physical activity each day, and the time spent working per day or week.

Design & setting

Observational study involving GPs located across the UK.

Method

An online survey was emailed to working members of the Royal College of General Practitioners and shared on social media between October and December 2020. The survey included questions on burnout, psychological wellbeing, musculoskeletal complaints, sitting time, physical activity, and time spent working. Mean differences were examined for burnout, psychological wellbeing, and musculoskeletal complaints.

Results

Data from 406 GPs showed a high level of burnout (35.5%) and musculoskeletal complaints (neck, shoulder and back: 81.8%; arms: 28.3%; and legs: 49.8%). Psychological wellbeing was low in 22.9% of GPs. Burnout was lower in GPs who met current physical activity guidelines, while psychological wellbeing was higher in those with >2 breaks in sitting per hour. Musculoskeletal complaints were higher in those spending >50% of sitting time in prolonged bouts (≥30 minutes).

Conclusion

A high proportion of GPs reported experiencing burnout and musculoskeletal complaints, but these health concerns were less evident in GPs who spent less time in prolonged sitting, took more breaks in sitting, and who were more physically active.
Patient-Physician Trust: Online medical survey using Internet in Korea
Authors: CHEONG Yoo-Seock , RHEE Chung-Ku
Published: July 2023

Background : The relationship between patient and physician is at the heart of the process of good medical care, yet remains largely unmeasured and studied. We undertook a modified-qualitative study of patients’ self-reported experiences with trust in a physician to gain further understanding of the components of trust in the context of the patient-physician relationship.
Methods : We created an open-enrollment electronic survey of internet users who visited our home page. And We recorded the number of respondents, their demographics and their personal experiences with trust in patient-physician relationship. We categorized 201 cases in 9 trust-items developed by H. Thom David.
Result : In a 6-month period, 201 users completed the electronic questionnaire.
‘Communicating clearly and completely’ was the most important item in numerous positive experiences. ‘Thoroughly evaluating problems’ was the most prevalent item in numerous negative experiences. Most respondents feel trust with physicians who listen actively and explain their problems completely.
Conclusions : These specific examples and categories of physician behavior encompass the trust experiences provide insights into the process of trust information and suggest ways in which physicians could be more effective in building and maintaining trust.
대학병원 전공의들의 의료윤리 문제에 관한 지식 대도 및 실천에 대한 조사연구
Authors: KOH Younsuck , MENG Kwang-ho , KOO Young-Mo , SOHN Myong-sei , HWANG Sang-Ik , HONG Changgi D
Published: July 2023

Purpose : To identify residents’ personal perception of their work environment regarding medical ethics in Korea.
Method : We administered a questionnaire to the 2,000 residents who work in the university hospitals.
Results : Nine hundreds forty residents responded. Most of residents had experienced a serious ethical dilemma or intimidation from patients or their families during their practices. Only 4.3% of the responding residents were familiar with the medical laws. 20.1 % of respondents had the experience of trying to get a signed consent without a detailed explanation. In addition, most of the residents felt uncomfortable disclosing bad information directly to patients.
The patient’s family or the attending staff mainly influenced the decision of do-not-resuscitate orders. Faced with the family's insistence on withdrawing life-sustaining therapy, a majority of respondents accepted the request. Most of the residents expressed their opinions personally to colleagues concerned, which had unethical practices. They usually solved their ethical dilemmas by discussion with the senior residents or colleagues. Most of the respondents desired ethics training during residency.
Conclusion : It is urgent that educational program directors for residency should provide a regular educational program for medical ethics and law to address the complex ethical obligations.
Media Coverage of the Ethical Issues in South Korea’s Healthcare System from 1945 to 1999
Authors: PARK Hyoung-Wook
Published: July 2023

In the 1960s in South Korea, relatively few ethical issues in healthcare appeared in the media. In the 1970s, there was significant media coverage of the Mother-Child Health Act, strikes for medical trainees, and the refusal of medical treatment. In the 1980s, relevant media attention focused on medical accidents, active euthanasia, and fetal sex discrimination. And in the 1990s, significant media attention was given to brain death legislation, drug rebates, and human cloning. Until the 1970s, rebates in the healthcare sector were reported as a problem concerning pharmaceutical distribution as opposed to a problem with the ethics of doctors or medical institutions. In 1988, when the National Health Insurance system was established, rebates in the healthcare sector began to be viewed as criminal acts. Based on an analysis of the media coverage of the ethical issues in South Korea’s healthcare system from 1945 to 1999, this article draws the following four conclusions. First, medical ethics in South Korea are not properly distinguished from laws governing medical practice. Second, the development of medical technology has influenced the understanding and practice of medical ethics. Third, the medical profession is less able to regulate itself now than it was in the 1960s. Fourth, rebates in the healthcare sector have been over-criminalized.
Ethical Challenges for Organoid Research and Use: Focusing on Targets of Organoid Research, Donation Procedure, and Future Use*
Authors: CHOO Jung-Wan , KIM Sang Hyun , NAM Seungmin , CHOI Eun Kyung , HONG Sukyoung , YOO Sang-Ho
Published: July 2023

Worldwide, organoids are being used in an increasing range and variety of research contexts, including certain forms of drug testing and transplantation research. In Korea, however, the ethical issues raised by organoid research have received little attention and there are currently no laws or regulations governing this form of research. Accordingly, this study was conducted to identify and examine the ethical challenges for organoid research. The article is structured as follows: Section 2 identifies the organs that can be used in organoid research; Section 3 discusses the precautions for cell donation procedures for organoid research, including the “contents and scope of informed consent,” “cell donor autonomy,” and the “protection of cell donor’s genetic information.” Section 4 examines the ethical challenges of drug testing, patents and commercial uses of organoid research, and the development of organoids for transplantation.