bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ranunculus constantinopolitanus Bitkisinin Bazı Bitkisel Özellikleri, Besleme Değeri ve Tohumlarına Ait Çimlenme Oranlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Çaçan Erdal , Arslan İhsan
Published: August 2020

Çayır mera alanlarında yoğun olarak bulunan ve tüketildiğinde hayvanlar üzerinde toksik etki yapabilen Ranunculus constantinopolitanus (DC.) d‘Urv. bitkisine ait bazı bitkisel özellikler, besleme değeri ve tohumlarına ait çimlenme oranlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla bu çalışma yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın bitkisel materyalini, 2018 yılında Bingöl il merkezine bağlı Çayağzı köyü mevkiinde bulunan çayır alanından tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanan 50 adet Ranunculus constantinopolitanus bitkisi oluşturmaktadır. Ranunculus constantinopolitanus bitkisine ait bitkisel özelliklerden bitki boyu 39-70 cm, bitki sap çapı 1,83-5,53 mm, bitkide çiçek sayısı 3-17 adet, bitkide yaprak sayısı 4-10 adet, yaprak uzunluğu 3-7 cm, yaprak genişliği 4-8 cm, bitki kuru ağırlığı 0,75-3,33 gram, bitkide sap oranı %35,1-86,5, bitkide yaprak oranı %3,9-42,7, bitkide çiçek oranı %4,0-43,4, bitkide meyve sayısı 4,0-11,0 adet, meyvede aken sayısı 18,0-36,0 adet, bitki başına aken sayısı 26-180 adet ve akenlerin bin tane ağırlığı 4,31-5,03 gram arasında değişim göstermiştir. Ranunculus constantinopolitanus bitkisine ait besleme değerlerinden kuru madde oranı %90,5-90,6, ham protein oranı %13,1-13,4, ADF oranı %34,9-35,9, NDF oranı %47,3-48,9, ADP oranı %0,33-0,37, Ca oranı %1,16-1,22, Mg oranı %0,37-0,38, P oranı %0,26-0,27 ve K oranı %0,94-0,97 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Bitki tohumları ile yapılan çimlenme testi sonucunda ise toplam 400 adet tohumdan 21. günün sonunda 87 adet tohumun çimlendiği ve toplam çimlenme oranının %21,8 olduğu belirlenmiştir. İleride yapılacak çalışmalar ile bu bitkinin içerdiği zehirli maddeler ve diğer besin elementlerinin tespit edilmesi, bu bitkinin daha iyi tanınmasını sağlayacaktır.
Compliance of Lebanese Pickling Industry with Lebanese and International Standards
Authors: Tlais Sami , Omairi Hayat , Al Khatib Ali , HajjHussein Hassan
Published: August 2020

In light of recent news reporting the use of banned colorants in Lebanese-made pickled turnips exported to the European Union (EU) by the Rapid Alert System of Food and Feed (RASFF), The Lebanese Consumer Protection Association tested samples of pickled turnips being sold to the public and confirmed the use of rhodamine B. Many products were pulled off the market and were replaced with new products that were supposed to be free of any banned colorants. We selected 5 different brands of pickled turnips and tested them for pH, salinity, nitrites, and colorants. We tested the salinity using two methods: evaporation and titration. The concentration of nitrites was tested by absorbency method. The presence of colorants was determined using TLC and absorbency method. We determined that the newly released pickled turnips comply with the rules and regulations adopted by the Lebanese Standards Institution (LIBNOR) and the international standards according to the Codex Alimentarius.
Good Literacy to Enhance Response in Diabetes Mellitus (GLITTER-DM)
Authors: Dang Yen , Patel-Shori Nima , Barros Michael , Yu Daohai
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of individualized communication strategies and self-management action plans to improve A1c control at 3 months in patients with low health literacy.

Methods: A prospective, open-labeled, pilot study was conducted on 23 patients with diabetes mellitus in a pharmacist-led ambulatory care clinic. Patients who had a Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine- Revised (REALM-R) score of 6 or less and an A1c greater than 7% upon study entry were included. The first group received the teach-back method, personalized actions, and follow-up phone calls to assess comprehension (N = 12). The second group was assigned to usual care (N = 11).

Results: Patients receiving literacy-appropriate interventions had greater A1c percent reduction (A1c difference of -2.0 ± 1.3 vs -1.0 ± 2.2; P = 0.02) and less hyperglycemic events per week (0.1 vs. 2.1; P = 0.04). There were no differences in the number of hypoglycemic events, testing frequency, medication-adherence rates, or hospitalizations and emergency room visits related to diabetes.

Conclusion: Literacy-appropriate methods such as the teach-back method, personalized action plans, and telephone follow-ups may improve glycemic control in low health literate patients with diabetes.

Practice Implications and Innovations: The findings from this study suggest that pharmacists may improve diabetes outcomes when managing patients who possess low health literacy using simplified teaching methods.

 

Original Research
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and LeptinLevel in Samples of Iraqi Obese Women
Authors: Ali Israa M. Mubarak , Yenzeel Jabbar H. , Al-ansari Hani M. Saleh
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate oxidative stress and leptinlevel in obese women. Fifty obese women with BMI value of â‰¥ 30.0 kg/m2 and thirty healthy women with BMI<24.9 kg/m2 were involved in the study during their attendance at Gastroenterology and Liver Hospital/ Medical city in Baghdad province from October 2018 to February 2019. The age range for all women was 30-50 years. Blood samples were collected from each participant for the evaluation of the levels of leptin hormone, Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), and Malondialdehyde (MDA). The results of BMI, leptin hormone, MDA and SOD showed highly significant increase (P<0.01) in obese women in comparison with the control group.

Results: The results show that BMI value were significantly higher (P<0.01) in obese women (41.90 Â± 0.87kg/m2)  in comparison with the control (23.58 Â± 0.28kg/m2). The level of leptin hormone was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (1444.00 Â± 10.67pg/ml) in comparison with the control (932.26 Â± 25.92pg/ml). Also, MDA level was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (6.81 Â± 0.29mg/dl) in comparison with the control (4.53 Â± 0.44) mg/dl. The level of SOD was significantly higher(P<0.01) in obese women (15.67 Â± 1.42mg/dl) in comparison with the control group (3.75 Â± 0.60mg/dl).

Conclusions: Obesity is detected by the level of leptin Hormone; leptin is regarded as a good parameter for monitoring obesity,showing a high increasewith increasing BMI.Theincrease in obesity causes oxidant stress and formation of MDA that is considered as a major risk factor in obesity,where adecrease in antioxidants was also recorded.
Bacteremia Associated with Pressure Ulcers at Alyarmuk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad
Authors: Jassim Nuha S. , Alash Sameer Abdul ameer
Published: August 2020

Fifty patients(24 female and 26 male)with pressure ulcersassociated with different diseasesand attending AL-yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad were selected in this study. The duration of sample collection was from March  to December 2018. All blood samples collected from patients were submitted to a blood culturing technique to examine bacteremia. The results showed that12 blood bacterial isolates were obtained. The isolated bacteria were subjected to Vitek-2, which is an accurate identification technique. The results of the blood culturing technique revealed that 33.3% were Gram negative bacteria, while 66.6% were Gram positive. Diagnosis by Vitek-2 showed that 33.3%  wereStaphylococcus spp. , 33.3% were Enterococcus  spp. , 25.1% wereSerratiamarcescens and 8.3% comprised Acinetobacterbaumannii. The results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)by Vitek-2showed that Trimethoprime â€“Sulfamethazole concentration at 320 Âµg\ml was the MIC for Acinetobacterbaumanni, while piperacilin, Ticarcillin, and Ticarcillin-Clavulanic acidat 128 Âµg\ml were the MIC for Serratia marcescens . Acinetobacterbaumanniishowed 100% resistance to all antimicrobial agents, while for the Serratiamarescenceresistancevalues were 54.55%, 54.55%, and 45.45% for isolate numbers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Gram positive bacteria recorded NitrofurantionMIC of 256 Âµg\ml against Staphylococcus epidermidisand Enterococcus spp., withboth species showinghigh resistance  compared with the others which had a value of87.50%.
Encargos institucionales a los estudiantes de psicología que inician su vida laboral y profesional
Authors: Foladori Horacio
Published: August 2020

La investigación realizada se preocupa por identificar los encargos institucionales (de la institución familiar, de la universidad, etc.) que son depositados sobre los estudiantes de psicología y que pueden resultar obstaculizadores del ejercicio profesional que han de asumir cuando finalizan sus estudios. El encargo se constituye como un paquete de regulaciones que incluyen deseos y expectativas sobre el futuro del estudiante. Se utiliza la técnica del grupo operativo para identificarlos. Se señala la existencia de varios de ellos y de sus características de operación.

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This research tries to identify the institutional assignments or charges (family institution, university, etc.) that are deposit over the students of psychology and that could affect the professional role, when they finish their studies. The assignment or charge is like a postal package of regulations that include desires, expectations, about the student’s future. The technique of Operative Group is used to identify the assignments, which are named, with their operational characteristics.
Emancipación, democracia y nihilismo. Revisando la hermenéutica política de Gianni Vattimo desde la Teoría Crítica
Authors: Milla Toro Ricardo
Published: August 2020

La hermenéutica de Vattimo se ha caracterizado por su crítica a la metafísica. Así se ha definido desde su postura como pensamiento débil, aunque también desde su compromiso con la posmodernidad, llegando a afirmarse como hermenéutica nihilista. La intención del presente texto es mostrar cómo los conceptos de emancipación y democracia en la filosofía de Vattimo toman un cariz nihilista desde una propuesta hermenéutica determinada, siendo estos vistos a la luz de tal crítica a la metafísica. Al tratarse de términos de la filosofía práctica, harían de tal hermenéutica una hermenéutica política. Sin embargo, la crítica de Vattimo se mostraría incompleta, pues ve la autonomía y la emancipación solo por el lado de la libertad negativa (presuponiendo someramente la reflexiva), dejando de lado la libertad social. Revisando la propuesta vattiamiana, y con ello su misma hermenéutica, propondremos una mirada postmetafísica que apunte a una libertad social que no tenga que comprometerse con el nihilismo.

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Vattimo's hermeneutics has been characterized by his criticism of metaphysics. Thus it has been defined from its position as Weak Thought, but also from its commitment to postmodernity, reaching the point of affirming itself as a nihilistic hermeneutic. The intention of the present text is to show how the concepts of emancipation and democracy in Vattimo's philosophy take a nihilistic aspect from a certain hermeneutical proposal, being seen in the light of such criticism of metaphysics. As they are terms of practical philosophy, they would make such a hermeneutic a political hermeneutic. However, Vattimo's criticism would be incomplete, since he sees autonomy and emancipation only on the side of negative freedom (superficially presupposing reflexive freedom), leaving social freedom aside. Reviewing the Vattimo’s proposal, and with it its hermeneutics, we will propose a post-metaphysical view that points to a social freedom that does not have to commit to nihilism.
Re-pensar la economía moral de las víctimas. Entre la gestión gubernamental y la resistencia en la historia reciente chilena,1990-2020
Authors: Sáez Fuentealba Luciano
Published: August 2020

La víctima se ha constituido en una categoría controversial en la historia reciente debido a los procesos de subjetivación y resistencias que en ellas se sedimenta, permitiéndonos pensar los desplazamientos y apropiaciones semánticas que ha tenido a la luz de la experiencia reciente. En particular, en lo referido a la violencia estatal y su economía moral.

Así, a través de una reflexión sociohistórica, este artículo propone una reflexión en torno a los desafíos de pensar la categoría de víctima en la postdictadura y el contexto actual, mediante sus trayectorias y especificidades en torno a la violencia política en Chile, interrogando sus desplazamientos y tensiones entre la gestión gubernamental humanitaria, a través de las políticas de reparación, así como las acciones de resistencia identitaria.

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The following article problematizes the contemporary social production of victims in the Chilean context under the reform of the concept of moral economy, endangering the modes of production, uses and appropriation of said category, based on the meanings it has assumed in history recent. Thus, from a sociohistorical analysis, it proposes a reflection on the challenges involved in thinking about victims in the post dictatorship and the current context after the October revolution, through the trajectories and specifications that it has assumed from the experience of violence Politics in Chile Its dynamic nature allows it to be placed at a point of constant tension within the framework of humanitarian government that seeks to manage risk modes, as well as agency and identity resistance, which allows us to rethink contemporary forms of construction of subjectivity.
Defensa ciudadana de la seguridad privada. Una lectura desde la perspectiva de la desviación social
Authors: Maldonado Francisca
Published: August 2020

En la sociedad chilena, los delincuentes encarnan el paradigma de lo que Howard Becker define como subcultura marginal. Circulan narrativas que marcan la presencia de una “carrera delictual”: se trataría de un grupo homogéneo, cerrado en sí mismo, y que despliega formas específicas de socialización capaces de habilitar prácticas como el robo, la violación o el asesinato. Menor consenso existe respecto a la pertinencia de la respuesta que la sociedad entrega frente a la conducta delictiva. En relación con ello, este artículo examina cómo algunas formas de defensa ciudadana de la seguridad –esto es, de reacciones inhibitorias del comportamiento delictivo que son externas al actuar institucional– pueden también configurarse como prácticas desviadas en sí mismas, utilizando para ello el mismo marco conceptual propuesto por Becker.

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In Chilean society, criminals embody the paradigm of what Howard Becker defines as a marginal subculture. Narratives circulate that mark the presence of a “criminal career”: it would be a homogeneous group, closed in on itself, and that deploys specific forms of socialization capable of enabling practices such as theft, rape or murder. Less consensus exists regarding the pertinence of the response that society provides against criminal conduct. In this regard, this article examines how some forms of citizen defense of security –that is, of inhibitory reactions to criminal behavior that are external to institutional action– can also be configured as deviant practices in themselves, using the same framework conceptual proposed by Becker.
Danzar el plural: hacia una experiencia afectiva y colaborativa de la danza como disciplina
Authors: Aedo Zúñiga María , González Iturriaga Vilma , Fierro Ciriza Emilia
Published: August 2020

Resumen. Las artes escénicas en general y la danza en particular, pueden entenderse como territorios dinámicos, espacios de encuentro y co-creación de mundos compartidos. El objetivo de este artículo es reconocer las trayectorías y fenómenos emergentes en los procesos de investigación realizados por tres docentes de la Escuela de Danza de una universidad. El enfoque metodológico de la investigación se desarrollará mediante autoenografías. El análisis de la investigación da cuenta de una perspectiva del cuerpo, no solo como unidad fisiológica susceptible de ser entrenada para representar una determinada coreografía o narrativa; sino como corporeidades, espacios plurales donde se encarna y actualiza nuestra experiencia de ser en el mundo, afectando y siendo afectado por multiplicidad de experiencias y vínculos. Como conclusión, la investigación identifica la danza como disciplina que puede movilizar afectos y corporeidades orientados a la colaboración y el diálogo democrático antes que a la transmisión de conocimiento experto.
Muralismo y memorias en América latina: el caso del mural comunitario y colaborativo sobre la masacre de Panzós en Guatemala
Authors: Jean Jean Melina
Published: August 2020

Resumen. El contexto de guerra fría se articuló en torno a la confrontación entre Estados Unidos y la Unión Soviética. Es en este escenario que se originó la masacre de Panzós, la cual se inscribe en la sangrienta historia reciente de Guatemala a mediados del siglo XX. Considerando este contexto histórico, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar la práctica artística vinculada a los procesos de memorias de hechos traumáticos del pasado reciente, caso de estudio “Mural masacre de Panzós en Guatemala”. Para ello se tuvieron en cuenta los relatos de artistas y docentes de la Escuela de Arte y Taller Abierto de Perquín, El Salvador, quienes fueron convocadas desde Guatemala por el Equipo de Estudios Comunitarios y Acción Psicosocial (ECAP). La particularidad de esta obra artística radica en sus hacedores/as. Se trata de integrantes de la comunidad de mayas-q’eqchíes víctimas de la masacre. Los resultados señalan que las y los participantes del mural, generan una narración plástica visual que materializa las memorias no solo de la masacre, sino de la historia de Panzós. En este trabajo se concluye que la práctica artística, no solo es una representación de episodios, sino que el arte puede colaborar en las elaboraciones de experiencias traumáticas de las y los individuos.
La construcción estética del sujeto popular en el documental Mimbre (1957) de Sergio Bravo
Authors: Horta Canales Luis
Published: August 2020

Resumen. En el marco de los estudios del cine chileno, que sitúan la representación del sujeto popular como epicentro de un trabajo estético de indagación, este artículo busca analizar las operaciones cinematográficas y estéticas que emplea el cineasta Sergio Bravo en su documental “Mimbre” (1957), en el cual trata de establecer un lenguaje asociado a una idea de identidad local. El análisis de la obra nos indica un contrapunto entre sujeto popular y vanguardias artísticas. Toma como motivo central la cotidianeidad del artesano Alfredo Manzano, “Manzanito”, planteando una subversión visual a la idea de realidad chilena propuesta por el cine del periodo. Como conclusión, el trabajo de Sergio Bravo no solo resulta rupturista en la forma, sino en la conciencia política del rol de las imágenes en un proceso que asume la construcción de un lenguaje propio en un periodo que evidencia aperturas hacia el arte popular.
Evaluación de la capacidad de absorción selectiva de cáscaras de huevo ante compuestos azufrados para purificación de agua potable
Authors: Revelo Vargas Danilo Andres , Pérez Rodríguez Erick Daniel , Maya Rosero Manuel David
Published: August 2020

Se evaluó la capacidad de retención de compuestos azufrados mediante el uso de filtros biológicos elaborados a partir de cáscaras de huevo, con el fin de desarrollar un mecanismo de purificación de agua en una región con riesgo por contaminación con derivados azufrados de origen geológico. Inicialmente las cáscaras de huevo se adecuaron y estandarizaron en condiciones de evaluación de 200µm, 400µm y 800µm de diámetro medio para actuar ante los contaminantes de azul de metileno y sulfato de cobre en un modelo de filtro lineal a condiciones controladas. Los resultados mostraron que la adecuación en partículas de 200µm de diámetro incrementó notoriamente la relación de área de contacto respecto al volumen de la partícula, representado una mejor capacidad de adsorción selectiva para este tipo de compuestos (0,062920 mg L-1), a pesar de que la velocidad de adsorción fue la menor determinada (0,25759 L-1) debido a la reducción de la velocidad de paso del agua. Bajo estas condiciones se determinó que un filtro de 50g de partículas de 200µm puede ser empleado hasta saturarse con un volumen de 804 L de agua de la zona de interés, y posteriormente ser remplazado por un filtro con partículas nuevas.
GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS Y ESTABLECIMIENTO DE PLÁNTULAS DE Schefflera morototoni (ARALIACEAE) Y Chamaedorea tepejilote (ARECACEAE)
Authors: Martinez-Meneses Angie Lisseth , Lucumi-Banguero Ruby Estella , Torres-González Alba Marina
Published: August 2020

Muchas especies arbóreas son útiles para los humanos y además tienen interacciones positivas con la fauna, sin embargo, sus características germinativas o de establecimiento de plántulas no se conocen. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la germinación de semillas de Schefflera morototoni y Geonoma interrupta y el establecimiento de sus plántulas. Las pruebas de germinación se hicieron en dos condiciones de temperatura alternada y el establecimiento de las plántulas se probó en dos sustratos. Los resultados muestran que las semillas recién extraídas de estas dos especies tienen alto contenido de humedad (S. morototoni: 33,8 % y G. interrupta: 32,5 %). Los porcentajes de germinación de S. morototoni fueron 93 % y 77 % y de G. interrupta fue 52 % y 50 %, en 20/30 °C y 25/30 °C, respectivamente. El establecimiento de plántulas de S. morototoni fue 8 % y 4 %, y de G. interrupta 64,4 % y 53,35 %, en suelos limoso y arcilloso, respectivamente. El crecimiento de las plántulas fue menor en S. morototoni (0,8 ± 0,6 mm/semana) que en G. interrupta (1,8 ± 0,9 mm/semana). Se concluye que las semillas de G. interrupta tienen latencia y las temperaturas alternadas ayudan a promover la germinación de semillas de S. morototoni. Además, el mejor sustrato para el establecimiento de las plántulas de ambas especies es el suelo limoso, color negro y rico en materia orgánica.
Estimation of the Vehicle Emission Factor in Different Areas of Cartagena de Indias
Authors: Álvarez Aldegunde José Antonio , Álvarez Vanessa , Quiñones Bolaños Edgar , Saba Manuel , Herrera Atencio Cristian
Published: August 2020

In most of the cities of the Colombian Caribbean, the emission factors associated to road traffic have not yet been estimated, due to the shortage of technical and economic resources. The authorities of some municipalities across Colombia have developed emission inventories adopting emission factors from other countries and, although these inventories are theoretically approximate, results indicate that road traffic is a source of emission of significant amounts of pollutants into the atmosphere. Studies conducted in 2013 by the Institute of Immunological Research (IIR), associated with the University of Cartagena, determined that the concentrations of CO and PM2.5 which were recorded throughout the city generally increased in the vicinity of the main roads. The present study aims to estimate the concentration of air pollutants generated by road traffic on the main roads of the city of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, taking into account the critical points of increased vehicular flow. The upper limits of the emission factors values applying the inverse modeling technique were estimated for CO and PM2.5 considering average concentrations obtained for 24 hours of the pollutants that represent a greater threat to public health, as well as effects of weather conditions and urban morphology. This study is a starting point to determine the magnitude of the emission associated with road traffic in Cartagena and also provides technical support to be able to identify approximately the impact of different vehicle sources in the city. Finally, this article aims to propitiate applicable tools for the authorities to develop effective mitigation and/or control strategies pointed at minimizing the impact of vehicle emissions on the Cartagena inhabitants’ health.
Life table of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) reared on Melanaphis sacchari (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Palomares-Pérez Martín , Molina-Ruelas Teresa De Jesús , Bravo-Núñez Manuel , Arredondo-Bernal Hugo Cesar
Published: August 2020

Chrysoperla externa is a widely distributed and highly adaptable predatory insect. In order to evaluate its capacity as a natural enemy of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, its life table when reared on M. sacchari was inferred. The biological cycle lasted an average of 29.5 ± 6.2 d from egg to adult. The embryonic and larval period duration was 5.1 ± 0.3 and 13.8 ± 4.5 d, respectively. The pupa stage was completed in 10.6 ± 1.4 d, whereas adults lived 63.5 ± 26.7 d after eclosion. The mortality rate showed the highest values in the egg stage (qx = 0.17). The greatest survival rate appeared in the third instar (93.7 %). The period prior to reproduction was 6.5 ± 3.1 d. The average fecundity was 228.3 ± 139.1 eggs. The life table parameters were Ro = 113.2, T = 28.9, rm = 0.163 and λ = 1.17. According to the results, it is possible to infer that C. externa is capable of accomplishing its life cycle feeding only on M. sacchari.
PENGARUH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Anggraini Fivi , Seprijon Yenni Pillisia , Rahmi Siti
Published: August 2020

Tight competition between companies in the business world in attracting investors is becoming a strong motivation for them to maximize their firm values. This study aims to determine the effect intellectual capital on firm value with financial distress as an intervening variable on real estate and building construction companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. Sampling method by using purposive sampling with a total   the samples obtained were 40 from real estate and building construction companies listed in IDX. The data was analysed by using multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis. Data analysis was processed with the SPSS 16. The results of this study showed that intellectual capital have significantly negative effect on financial distress. Simultaneously and partially intellectual capital and financial distress have a significant direct effect on firm value. The indirect test results showed that intellectual capital has a significant effect on firm value with financial distress as an intervening variable.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Herawaty Vinola
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of leverage, profitability,, industry type and foreign ownership to Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure. The method of this  research is a hypothesis testing which explaining the phenomenon of the relationship between variables. Data used in this study come from annual reports and financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in period 2016-2018. Analysis of the hypothesis used in this study using linear regression. The difference between this research and previous research is adding foreign ownership variable because foreign ownership are parties that are considered to be concerned about the wide disclosure of corporate social responsibility. This study shown that the results of leverage, industry type and foreign ownership have positive influences to Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, while profitability does not has a significant effect to Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES IN THE UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULUNATAL AND UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARIES
Authors: Enakrire Rexwhite Tega
Published: August 2020

The use of information and communications technologies (ICTs) for knowledge management (KM) has become a critical success factor in present-day university libraries. University libraries have continued to use ICTs to foster and enhance the operations of information services on a daily basis in the library environment. The use of ICTs requires librarians to have proven knowledge and skills in order to achieve effective and efficient work performance in the libraries. This article focuses on the two research questions, namely: â€˜What are the skills needed for ICTs by librarians at the university libraries?â€™ and â€˜What are the challenges faced by librarians in the use of ICTs for KM at the university libraries?â€™ The research specifically targeted the libraries at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa, and the University of Ibadan (UI), Nigeria. Quantitative and qualitative research approaches were adopted in order to conduct data collection and data analysis. The research findings were that, when compared, the two university libraries showed a correlation in the skills required by librarians. This is accompanied by knowledge of ICT hardware and software; various subject areas in librarianship; structure and process of cataloguing, and classification, to function better in the library environment. Several challenges, including the high cost of hardware and software; lack of implementation of ICT policies; and inadequate in-depth knowledge of the library holdings were observed. In conclusion, the dynamic information environment requires librarians to be proactive and have enhanced education that would enable them to address change management, leadership roles, and technical information skills. Librarians need to constantly update their knowledge and skill-sets to keep up with current trends of technology in library and information services.
SCHOOL LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT VS POLICY PROVISION: DIVERGENCE OR CONVERGENCE?
Authors: Mojapelo Samuel , Dube Luyanda
Published: August 2020

A policy and legal framework for school libraries is a guiding framework for the provision, development and management of school libraries. Similarly, it is a lever that standardises school library development, management and practice. Although the existence of a policy does not guarantee the development of efficient and functional school libraries, its inherent value cannot be overemphasised. It is widely documented that in South Africa, only 7.2 per cent of public schools have functional school libraries, which are crucial to enrich the quality of teaching and learning and support learners and teachers. The aim of this study was, firstly, to analyse the legal and policy provision for school libraries in South Africa; and secondly, to examine the state of school libraries in Limpopo province, South Africa. The study further sought to establish whether there is divergence or convergence between policy provision and the status of school libraries in Limpopo. The study adopted a quantitative research paradigm and triangulated utilising questionnaires and document analysis as instruments to collect data. The study established that there is a regime of policies related to school libraries, most of which are still in draft form. Furthermore, the study confirmed that provision of policy does not necessarily translate into an efficient school library system. The distinct divergence means that there is no correlation between policy provision and practice. The study recommends that the existing school library policies should be streamlined, adopted and implemented to scale up the development of efficient and functional school libraries in Limpopo.
CHALLENGES IN THE PROVISION OF SCHOOL LIBRARY SERVICES IN KATLEHONG SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Shandu Lindiwe , Evans Neil , Mostert Janneke
Published: August 2020

This article reports on a study that investigated the issues and challenges in the provision of school libraries in secondary schools in Katlehong, Gauteng province, South Africa. A qualitative research method was used to conduct the study among 14 secondary schools in Katlehong. The target population included 14 teacher-librarians, 14 principals and one Gauteng Department of Education (GDE) official, who were interviewed. Additionally, 102 teachers participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). Convenience sampling was used to select the teachers, while purposive sampling was used to select all the other participants in the study. The study revealed that teachers are not using school libraries in Katlehong because they are unable to provide relevant information services due to a lack of space; out-dated and inadequate information collections; uncatalogued and poorly organised books; inaccessible opening hours; and a lack of funds and networked computers. Only 29 per cent of the schools had qualified teacher-librarians in their employ, while the 71 per cent unqualified â€˜teacher-librariansâ€™ indicated that they were managing the school libraries without the professional skills required to guide both teachers and learners in the use of library resources. The teacher-librarians were also burdened with additional teaching loads, which negatively affected the opening hours of the libraries. It was recommended, firstly, that a specific library period be allocated to each class to allow for library orientation; secondly, that sufficient funding be allocated to each school library to enable it to function optimally; and, thirdly, that library hours be regulated and qualified library staff be employed.
GREEN OPEN ACCESS IN KENYA: A REVIEW OF THE CONTENT, POLICIES AND USAGE OF INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORIES
Authors: Chilimo Wanyenda Leonard
Published: August 2020

Â There is scant research-based evidence on the development and adoption of open access (OA) and institutional repositories (IRs) in Africa, and in Kenya in particular. This article reports on a study that attempted to fill that gap and provide feedback on the various OA projects and advocacy work currently underway in universities and research institutions in Kenya and in other developing countries. The article presents the findings of a descriptive study that set out to evaluate the current state of IRs in Kenya. Webometric approaches and interviews with IR managers were used to collect the data for the study. The findings showed that Kenya has made some progress in adopting OA with a total of 12 IRs currently listed in the Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR) and five mandatory self-archiving policies listed in the Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies (ROARMAP). Most of the IRs are owned by universities where theses and dissertations constitute the majority of the content type followed by journal articles. The results on the usage and impact of materials deposited in Kenyan IRs indicated that the most viewed publications in the repositories also received citations in Google Scholar, thereby signifying their impact and importance. The results also showed that there was a considerable interest in Swahili language publications among users of the repositories in Kenya.
DIGITISING UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN GHANA: HOW TECHNOLOGY IS FACILITATING ACCESS TO DIGITAL CONTENT AND SERVICES
Authors: Dadzie Perpetua , Van der Walt Thomas
Published: August 2020

The study investigated the extent to which technological advances are affecting the development of digital libraries in universities in Ghana. Using the case study approach, interviews were conducted with university librarians and information technology (IT) officers of three public universities in Ghana. In all, six staff members (i.e., two representatives each from the three libraries at the University of Ghana (UG), the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyÂ (KNUST), and the University of Cape Coast (UCC)) were interviewed.Â Their views on the available information communications technology (ICT)Â infrastructure which would enable access to digital content and services, suchÂ as online databases, institutional repositories, online public access cataloguesÂ (OPACs) and World Wide Web (www) resources, were obtained. The findingsÂ revealed that all three universities have the basic ICT infrastructure to enableÂ users to access digital content. However, there was restricted access to theÂ OPAC; lack of visibility of the library website; and inadequate use of Web 2.0Â tools in some of the libraries. Therefore, the study recommends the hiring ofÂ more multi-skilled librarians who would provide the necessary support for digitalÂ resources and services.
LOOKING FOR STEREOTYPICAL PORTRAYALS OF GRANDMOTHERS IN SOUTH AFRICAN MULTILINGUAL PICTUREBOOKS
Authors: Snyman Maritha
Published: August 2020

Picturebooks are vehicles of knowledge and socialisation for children. In portraying grandmothers in childrenâ€™s picturebooks, existing stereotypes are often enforced (Crawford and Bhattacharya 2014). This article set out to determine how, and if, the portrayal of grandmothers in a sample of multilingual picturebooks in South Africa is stereotyped and how possible stereotyping relates to South Africaâ€™s cultural diversity. Ten books were selected that have been translated into more than four of South Africaâ€™s 11 official languages.By using quantitative coding these texts were deconstructed by looking for stereotypical representations of grandmothers and the relationships that exist between the portrayal of cultural groups and stereotypes. The findings indicated that stereotypical portrayals of South African grandmothers do not follow the patterns uncovered in studies of a similar nature in the United States (US) andthe United Kingdom (UK). South African grandmothers are stereotyped because of their goodness â€“ their attitude of a positive servitude. In providing possible reasons for this deviation from the findings of similar studies elsewhere, the complex intricacies of politics and publishing activities in South Africaâ€™s are briefly discussed.
FALLING DOWN IN ORDER TO GROW UP: TWO WOMENâ€™S JOURNEYS FROM UN-DOMESTICATION TO DOMESTICATION IN FANTASY FICTION
Authors: Byrne Deirdre , Potter Mary-Anne
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this article, following the convention adopted in The annotated Alice (Gardner 2000), the authors refer to the combined volume of Lewis Carrollâ€™s works â€“ entitled Alice in Wonderland â€“ which includes Aliceâ€™s adventures in Wonderland and Through the looking-glass â€“ as â€˜the Alice textsâ€™. In the Alice texts, Alice is presented as a Victorian female protagonist who has to â€˜fall downâ€™ in order to â€˜grow upâ€™. This is also true of Yvaine in Neil Gaimanâ€™s Victorian-based novel, Stardust (1999). Both protagonists experience â€˜falling downâ€™, which also carries the symbolic weight of being an act of submission â€“ falling into a subordinate state. In looking at the significance of the opposing movements up and down as indicative of a specific process of female domestication, postmodern and poststructuralist theory explains how this binary opposition fulfils a specific didactic function in Victorian and Victorian-based fairy tale narratives. Historical approaches to Victorian society also demonstrate the submissive role assigned to women in Victorian society. While â€˜un-domesticationâ€™ is rejected in favour of domestic submission in Carrollâ€™s and Gaimanâ€™s narratives, â€˜un-domesticationâ€™ results in the liberation of their central female protagonists in the filmic revisionings, Alice in Wonderland (2010), directed by Tim Burton, and Stardust (2007), directed by Matthew Vaughn.
FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION IN PUBLIC LIBRARIES: A CASE OF SELECTED PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN BOTSWANA
Authors: Machara Liah , Jain Priti
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study was to establish factors affecting motivation in Botswana public libraries. The study was conducted with the aim to propose an appropriate approach to motivation of public librarians. Using a case study method, data was collected through the use of questionnaires, secondary sources and observation of the working environment. Convenient sampling was used to select the population of study. The findings revealed that librarians in public librarians are de-motivated and not satisfied with their jobs. Some of the factors that de-motivate librarians are job insecurity, poor interpersonal relations at work, lack of effective communication and exclusion from decision making process, lack of policies and procedures, poor working environment, low salary and no incentives, and rigid supervision. Based on the findings, the study recommends that Botswana National Library Services management should adopt motivation theories when establishing motivation programs, upgrade the library to fit into 21st century, recognize employees appropriately for a job well done, include employees in the decision making process, provide adequate training and career development, create conducive working environment, put proper policies and procedures in place Â and also adopt change management theories because the library environment is rapidly changing due to advanced technologies
PREDICTING THE ACCEPTANCE OF ELECTRONIC LEARNING BY ACADEMIC STAFF AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Evans Neil , Mutula Stephan
Published: August 2020

In this article we provide a quantitative method to predict the acceptance of electronic learning resources by academic staff in a blended learning environment at the University of Zululand. Conceptually the study followed a positivist epistemological belief and deductive reasoning, but this article will also embrace the interpretive research paradigm to include the researchersâ€™ insights on the results. Inferential statistics were used to predict the level of acceptance of e-learning and show the strengths and significances of the postulated Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) modelâ€™s relationships. From the results, the majority of academic staff accepts the use of e-learning resources. The study concludes that UTAUTâ€™s moderate accuracy and relevance could be improved by adopting contextualised socio-economic moderators relevant to the education sector rather than adopting those found to be significant in the financial sector of Venkatesh et al.â€™s (2003) study. The studyâ€™s recommendations would be firstly, to provide useful resources that will improve both teaching and learning, and secondly provide appropriate skills development and support for these resources. Another recommendation was the introduction of user policies to instill mandatory use of these resources by academic staff while concluding that the social influence relationship will strengthen with the increased interactions and relationships between management, academic and support staff.
DOCUMENTING INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT AFRICAâ€™S COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE: A CAUSE FOR CONCERN?
Authors: Masango Charles Akwe , Mbarika Victor W.A.
Published: August 2020

This article explores the global debates concerning documenting indigenous knowledge (IK) about Africaâ€™s complementary and alternative medicine (e-ACAM). The article further explores whether it is possible to document both the common and uncommon knowledge about e-ACAM given that the uncommon knowledge of e-ACAM is practised secretly as it is a source of livelihood for traditional medicine practices. The framework presented in the article stems from the notion that the ethnopharmacological information of medicinal plants is fast disappearing and in view of the rapid loss of such knowledge, its documentation as well as a better understanding of its botanico-historical roots has become an essential task. With further theoretical research it is revealed that the uncommon aspect of e-ACAM may be difficult or impossible to document as it encompasses secret knowledge. The article proposes measures within intellectual property rights (IPR) in the form of patents that could be implemented in order to document those types of e-ACAM that embrace secrecy and are a source of livelihood for traditional medicine practices.
SOUTH AFRICAâ€™S ACCESS TO INFORMATION LEGISLATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RIGHTS: CIVIL SOCIETY AND MEANINGFUL ENGAGEMENT AS DRIVERS
Authors: Arko-Cobbah Albert , Olivier Basie
Published: August 2020

The inclusion of access to information in the constitution of South Africa and its concomitant legislation, Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) is aimed at promoting transparency, accountability and democratic governance in the hitherto closed, authoritarian and apartheid society. The Constitution goes further to entrench socio-economic rights (SERs) in order to address the injustices of the past of ignorance, fear, and want that impair the dignity of the majority of South Africans. Access to information (ATI) is described as the â€˜touchstoneâ€™ of all human rights and upon which the other human rights, including SERs are buttressed. SERs are, supposedly, enforced by the courts of law. However, their justiciability has become acrimonious and adversarial because it may include the courts making orders that may have budgetary implications, which usually fall under the purview of the executive-cum-legislation, thus undermining the separation of powers doctrine. The study Â suggests the concept of meaningful engagement to break the impasse, arguing that the concept is more â€˜user-friendlyâ€™ and grounded in the Constitution and other statutory instrument and practices in the governance of South Africa.Â
NATURE, PATTERNS AND TRENDS OF RESEARCH COLLABORATION AMONG ACADEMICS IN SELECTED UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA AND SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Fari Sani A. , Ocholla Dennis
Published: August 2020

In this article, we argue that research collaboration, as an activity embarked upon by two or more individual researchers to attain common goals, is crucial in determining the breadth and depth of knowledge sharing among academics. The aim of the study was to investigate the nature, patterns and trends of research collaboration among academics in six universities in Nigeria and South Africa between 2003 and 2013. The study determined the level and extent of knowledge sharing among the actors by exploring several aspects of research collaboration. We targeted all the academic staff at the six universities whose publications appeared in the SCOPUS database for the research period. The data was first extracted from SCOPUS by using affiliation search by university for the study period. Through descriptive and evaluative bibliometrics or publication count, domestically and internationally co-authored papers and major collaborating institutions between 2003 and 2013 were determined with the hope of finding co-authorship links for the six universities. The study revealed that research collaboration does occur among academics/researchers in the universities. The South African universities, namely, the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban University of Technology (DUT) and University of Zululand (UZ) collaborated with each other. However, in Nigeria, there was only one collaborative tie between Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) and the Federal University of Technology (FUT), and no collaboration with Umaru Musa Yarâ€™adua University (UMYU). South Africa also had a higher number of universities among the top 20 universities collaborating between the two countries within the study period.
Patients as Partners in Research: How to Talk About Compensation With Patient Partners
Authors: Richards Dawn P. , Jordan Isabel , Strain Kimberly , Press Zal
Published: August 2020

This editorial builds on the previous editorials in the patient partnership series, and aims to share practical advice related to compensation for patient research partners. In the authors' first publication on patient partner compensation in research and health care, they presented the “why” and “how.” Here, they build on the “how” to help alleviate the awkwardness of that conversation. The compensation conversation, as a regular part of this type of partnership, allows teams to codevelop projects and focus on the output and outcomes of their collaborative work. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(8):413–414. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0106
Types of Research Questions: Descriptive, Predictive, or Causal
Authors: Kamper Steven J.
Published: August 2020

A previous Evidence in Practice article explained why a specific and answerable research question is important for clinicians and researchers. Determining whether a study aims to answer a descriptive, predictive, or causal question should be one of the first things a reader does when reading an article. Any type of question can be relevant and useful to support evidence-based practice, but only if the question is well defined, matched to the right study design, and reported correctly. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(8):468–469. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0703