bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research Brief: Changes in Empathy of Pre-Professional Healthcare Students From Matriculation to Graduation
Authors: Baisden Paula , Gray Cara
Published: October 2021

In this research brief, researchers used a quantitative method, descriptive design, and cross-sequential grouping to investigate changes in empathy of pre-professional healthcare students over the course of their degree programs. Changes in empathy occurred; however, changes did not measure as statistically significant. Empathy overall increased; it decreased for certain majors and increased for others. The importance of empathy in the healthcare arena points to a need for specific efforts by educators toward increasing student empathy throughout these programs of study. This study showed that empathy is being maintained, but only just barely, over the course of these programs.
Healthcare Readiness and Primary Care Nursing Using the Theory of Bureaucratic Caring: Turning Never Into Now
Authors: Potter Marcia A.
Published: October 2021

The global COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 challenged primary care nursing as never before. Attention focused mainly on care within the inpatient realm, and guidance for these areas was predicated on existing plans for contingency response. In the primary care realm, few clinics plan for or practice readiness responses; thus patients and staff faced a daunting mission of ensuring continuation of services using nontraditional platforms. This article describes bureaucratic caring theory guidance for readiness activities, basic planning, and resources required for primary care clinics in contingency and crisis responses.
Аналіз відповідності фахових видань, що входять до науко-метричних баз даних, предметній області спеціальності 186 Видавництво та поліграфія
Authors: Киричок Тетяна Юріївна , Баглай Володимир Анатолійович , Горова Тетяна Вадимівна , Сокол Оксана Петрівна , Комарницька Альона Олегівна , Сичик Юрій Віталійович
Published: October 2021

Сучасна поліграфічна галузь займається не тільки поліграфічною промисловістю, але й проникла у різні сфери діяльності людини, науки і техніки, такі як інформаційні технології, математичне моделювання, матеріалознавство, метрологія, стандартизація, сертифікація, дизайн тощо. Тому спрямованість та різноманітність сучасного видавництва та поліграфії  були відображені у стандартах вищої освіти спеціальності 186 Видавництво та поліграфія, де визначено опис предметної області. Таку підготовку проводять в КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, Українській академії друкарства і Львівській політехніці.

Науковий складник підготовки докторів філософії передбачає як виконання власного наукового дослідження, так і публікування його результатів у фахових виданнях України та закордоном. Наведені вимоги до публікування результатів дисертації на здобуття наукових ступенів кандидата наук, доктора наук та доктора філософії.

Проаналізовано українські та закордонні фахові видання, в яких могли б публікуватися науковці зі спеціальності 186 Видавництво та поліграфія. У результаті роботи було виявлено відповідний перелік журналів, області знань та найпопулярніші бази даних. Для прикладу було наведено статті для обраних закордонних журналів, які розділені за областями знань. А також було наведено перелік фахових видань України.

Також було проаналізовано можливість повернення статті автору на доопрацювання та наведено вимоги до опублікування у базах Web of Science та Scopus.

Визначено критерії успішного публікування та вимоги до опублікування результатів наукової діяльності, такі як оригінальність та логічність статті, написання професійною англійською мовою, відповідність оформлення статті, помірний заголовок, інформація про автора, розгорнута анотація, наявність вступу, матеріалів та методів, результатів, обговорення, висновків, список використаних джерел.
Por uma Educação Circular: transição sustentável no contexto pandêmico
Authors: Resende Carolina Costa , Monteiro Jesus Alexandre
Published: October 2021

O presente ensaio teórico apresenta uma breve revisão de literatura a respeito do Modelo de Negócios em Economia Circular (EC) e procura responder à pergunta: quais seriam os principais aspectos da circularidade a integrar a Educação do Campo brasileira no atual contexto da pandemia de Covid-19? De forma ensaística, o estudo possibilitou refletir criticamente quanto às oportunidades que a EC pode representar para a Educação Campesina. Os resultados revelam aspectos convergentes entre a Educação do Campo e a EC e que podem servir de referência para soluções que abrangem mais profundamente a causa dos problemas socioambientais presentes no atual cenário brasileiro da vida e da produção em territórios rurais.
Palavras-chave: economia circular, educação campesina, pandemia de covid-19.
 
For a Circular Education: sustainable transition in the pandemic context
This theoretical essay presents a brief literature review on the Business Model in Circular Economy (CE) and aims to answer the question: what would be the main aspects of the circularity to integrate Countryside Education in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil? In an essayistic manner, the study made it possible to reflect critically on the opportunities that CE can represent for Countryside Education. The results reveal converging aspects between Countryside Education and CE and that could be seen as a reference for solutions that deeply comprise the cause of socio-environmental problems currently present in the life and production in rural territories in Brazil.
Keywords: circular economy, countryside education, covid-19 pandemic.
 
Hacia una educación circular: transición sostenible en el contexto de la pandemia
Este ensayo teórico presenta una breve revisión de la literatura sobre el Modelo de Negocio en Economía Circular (CE) y busca responder a la pregunta: ¿cuáles serían los principales aspectos de la circularidad para integrar la educación rural brasileña en el contexto actual de la pandemia covideana? 19. De manera ensayística, el estudio permitió reflexionar críticamente sobre las oportunidades que la CE puede representar para la educación rural. Los resultados revelan aspectos convergentes entre Educación Rural y EC y que pueden servir de referencia para soluciones que cubran más profundamente la causa de los problemas socioambientales presentes en el actual escenario brasileño de vida y producción en territorios rurales.
Palabras clave: economía circular, educación campesina, pandemia de covid-19.
Educación intercultural y teatro: un aporte desde la experiencia peruana
Authors: Benza Rodrigo Guerra , Tubino Fidel Arias Schreiber
Published: October 2021

La interculturalidad, en nuestro contexto, está determinada por las relaciones entre las poblaciones indígenas autóctonas y la cultura hegemónica implementada a partir de la conquista europea. En este sentido, la educación intercultural, surge principalmente orientada a la población indígena rural y está marcada por la necesidad de reivindicar y revitalizar las culturas desplazadas y marginalizadas. Es importante, sin embargo, entender que las relaciones de discriminación son de ida y vuelta y es por eso que es necesario realizar una propuesta de educación intercultural que contemple, no solamente a la población indígena, sino también a los miembros de la cultura hegemónica. En este texto buscamos problematizar el abordaje de la educación intercultural y proponer, a partir de tres experiencias prácticas de teatro intercultural en la Amazonía peruana, que la metodología del teatro, por sus características particulares: desarrollo del juego, generar un diálogo entre la realidad y la ficción, valorar el cuerpo, reconocer la importancia de lo sensible, promover diversos lenguajes, entre otros, puede ayudar a la construcción de los diversos objetivos de la educación intercultural.
Experiências educacionais africanas na diáspora e experiências afrodiaspóricas na educação: diálogo de saberes desde as práticas culturais
Authors: Sodré de Souza Luan , Santos Marcos dos , Souza Santos Valnei
Published: October 2021

Neste ensaio buscamos refletir sobre as experiências educacionais negras no Brasil - em particular no contexto da Bahia - observando desde um olhar metodológico as formas que constituem a capoeira, os sambas de roda e os blocos afros enquanto horizontes civilizatórios africanos, cujo contexto em diáspora têm engendrado experiências educacionais emancipatórias a partir de diálogos epistemológicos pluriversais. Nesse sentido, a reflexão aqui realizada trouxe como acréscimo a emergência de pensar tais saberes e fazeres pedagógicos-educacionais oriundos das populações negras no Brasil, enquanto caminho de ensino e aprendizagem artística de caráter inclusivo e diverso. 
Palavras-chave: experiências educacionais negras, capoeira, sambas de roda, blocos afro.
 
African educational experiences in the diaspora and afrodiaspora experiences in education: a dialogue of knowledge from cultural practices
ABSTRACT. In this essay we seek to reflect on black educational experiences in Brazil - particularly in the context of Bahia - observing from a methodological perspective the forms that constitute capoeira, sambas de roda and afro blocks as African civilizing horizons, whose diaspora context has engendered emancipatory educational experiences from pluriversal epistemological dialogues. In this sense, the reflection carried out here brought, as an addition, the emergence of thinking about such pedagogical-educational knowledge and practices deriving from the black populations in Brazil, as an inclusive and diverse path of artistic teaching and learning.
Keywords: black educational experiences, capoeira, sambas de roda, blocos afro.
 
Experiencias educativas africanas en la diáspora y experiencias de afrodiaspora en la educación: un diálogo del conocimiento desde las prácticas culturales
RESUMEN. En este ensayo buscamos reflexionar sobre las experiencias educativas negras en Brasil - particularmente en el contexto de Bahía - observando desde una perspectiva metodológica las formas que constituyen la capoeira, sambas de roda y bloques afro como horizontes civilizatorios africanos, cuyo contexto de diáspora ha engendrado una educación emancipadora. experiencias de diálogos epistemológicos pluriversales. En este sentido, la reflexión aquí realizada trajo, como un agregado, el surgimiento de pensar sobre dichos saberes y prácticas pedagógico-educativas derivadas de las poblaciones negras en Brasil, como un camino inclusivo y diverso de enseñanza y aprendizaje artístico.
Palabras clave: experiencias educativas negras, capoeira, sambas de roda, blocos afro.
Western Bristlebird Dasyornis longirostris: Response to fire and persistence of home range in the Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia
Authors: McNee Shapelle , Newbey Brenda , Comer Sarah ,   Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, 120 Albany Highway, Albany WA 6330, Australia., Burbidge Allan ,   Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley DC WA 6983, Australia.
Published: October 2021

We investigated the response of the Western Bristlebird Dasyornis longirostris to fire in the Fitzgerald River National Park (FRNP), Western Australia, over a 34-year period. This species is a threatened Western Australian endemic restricted to a highly fire-prone habitat. Commencing in 1985, we surveyed for occurrence of Western Bristlebirds within the FRNP. Monitoring that was specifically focused on fire impacts began at Fitzgerald Track in November 1994 following a fire the previous month. That site had been surveyed in June and August 1994 before the fire. Fires in other recently surveyed locations in 1997–1998, 2000, 2008 and 2019 allowed for comparisons to be made following further monitoring of these sites. Many Bristlebirds survived a fire then relocated along or near the fire edge, usually in clusters of home ranges where suitable habitat was available. Bristlebirds gradually re-occupied burnt areas when these became suitable, often to home ranges occupied before the fire. There was a tendency for a home range to be occupied for >1 year. A change independent of fire could occur. Areas of vegetation of different fire ages were used by Bristlebirds for differing time periods. Sites in the lower-rainfall areas required longer periods of time for habitat to be recolonised by Bristlebirds and the maximum age of vegetation occupied by Bristlebirds varied between sites. For these reasons, generalised prescriptions are not appropriate, but fire management of individual patches of Bristlebird habitat in the FRNP can be guided by these findings, ensuring that unburnt refuge areas are both protected and retained, with the timing of management actions informed by knowledge of population response and habitat condition.
Back-channel Etched In-Ga-Zn-O Thin-film Transistor Utilizing Selective Wet-Etching of Copper Source and Drain
Authors: Khan Rauf , Misran Muhamad Affiq Bin , Hattori Reiji
Published: October 2021

The electrical performance of the back-channel etched Indium–Gallium–Zinc–Oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with copper (Cu) source and drain (S/D) which are patterned by a selective etchant was investigated. The Cu S/D were fabricated on molybdenum (Mo) layer to prevent the Cu diffusion to the active layer (IGZO). We deposited the Cu layer using thermal evaporation and performed the selective wet etching of Cu using non-acidic special etchant without damaging the IGZO active layer. We fabricated the IGZO TFTs and compare the performance in terms of linear and saturation region mobility, threshold voltage and ON current (ION). The IGZO TFTs with Mo/Cu S/D exhibits good electrical properties as the linear region mobility is 12.3 cm2/V-s, saturation region mobility is 11 cm2/V-s, threshold voltage is 1.2 V and ION is 3.16 x 10-6 A. We patterned all the layers by photolithography process. Finally, we introduced SiO2-ESL layer to protect the device from the external influence. The results show that the prevention of Cu and introduced ESL layer enhances the electrical properties of IGZO TFTs.
Data Fusion and Visualization of a Multi-Sensor Personal Exposure Campaign
Authors: Novak Rok , Petridis Ioannis , Kocman David , Robinson Johanna Amalia , Kanduč Tjaša , Chapizanis Dimitris , Karakitsios Spyros , Flückiger Benjamin , Vienneau Danielle , Mikeš Ondřej , Degrendele Celine , Sáňka Ondřej , García Dos Santos-Alves Saul , Maggos Thomas , Pardali Dementra , Stamatelopoulou Asimina , Saraga Dikaia , Persico Marco Giovanni , Visave Jaideep , Gotti Alberto , Sarigiannis Dimosthenis
Published: October 2021

Use of a multi-sensor approach can provide citizens a holistic insight in the air quality in their immediate surroundings and assessment of personal exposure to urban stressors. Our work, as part of the ICARUS H2020 project, which included over 600 participants from 7 European cities, discusses data fusion and harmonization on a diverse set of multi-sensor data streams to provide a comprehensive and understandable report for participants, and offers possible solutions and improvements. Harmonizing the data streams identified issues with the used devices and protocols, such as non-uniform timestamps, data gaps, difficult data retrieval from commercial devices, and coarse activity data logging. Our process of data fusion and harmonization allowed us to automate the process of generating visualizations and reports and consequently provide each participant with a detailed individualized report. Results showed that a key solution was to streamline the code and speed up the process, which necessitated certain compromises in visualizing the data. A thought-out process of data fusion and harmonization on a diverse set of multi-sensor data streams considerably improved the quality and quantity of data that a research participant receives. Though automatization accelerated the production of the reports considerably, manual structured double checks are strongly recommended.
Review on Dark Matter Searches with Neutrino Telescopes
Authors: Zornoza Juan de Dios
Published: October 2021

The search for dark matter is one the hottest topics in Physics today. The fact that about 80% of the matter of the Universe is of unknown nature has triggered an intense experimental activity to detect such kind of matter and a no less intense effort on the theory side to explain it. Given the fact that we do not know well the properties of dark matter, searches from different fronts are mandatory. Neutrino telescopes are part of this experimental quest and offer specific advantages. Among the targets to look for dark matter, the Sun and the Galactic Center are the most promising ones. Neutrino telescopes have put the best limits on spin-dependent cross section of proton-WIMP scattering. Moreover, they are competitive in the constraints on the thermally averaged annihilation cross-section for high WIMP masses when looking at the Galactic Centre. Other results are also reviewed.
Stability in Open Society from Social Fröhlich Condensation
Authors: Khrennikov Andrei
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to present the basic assumptions for creation of social Fröhlich condensate and attract attention of other researchers (both from physics and socio-political science) to the problem of modelling of stability and order preservation in highly energetic society coupled with social energy bath of high temperature. The model of social Fröhlich condensation and its analysis are based on the mathematical formalism of quantum thermodynamics and field theory (applied outside of physics). The presented quantum-like model provides the consistent operational model of such complex socio-political phenomenon as Fröhlich condensation. The model of social Fröhlich condensation is heavily based on theory of open quantum systems. Its consistent elaboration needs additional efforts. Evidence of such phenomenon as social Fröhlich condensation is demonstrated by stability of modern informationally open societies Approaching the state of Fröhlich condensation is the powerful source of social stability. Understanding its informational structure and origin may help to stabilize the modern society. Application of the quantum-like model of Frhlich condensation in social and political sciences is really the novel and original approach to mathematical modeling of social stability in society exposed to powerful information radiation from mass-media and internet based sources.
Buku Ajar Basis Data Untuk Informatika
Authors:   Mochamad Alfan Rosid, Astutik Ika Ratna Indra
Published: October 2021

Puji syukur kami panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT karena atas rahmat dan karunia-Nya kami bisa menyelesaikan pembuatan buku ajar "Basis Data Untuk Informatika" bagi mahasiswa Informatika Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. Tim penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada: 1. Dr. Hindarto, M.T., Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi yang memberikan arahan dan motivasi kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan buku ajar ini. 2. Ir. Sumarno., Kaprodi Informatika yang telah memberikan dukungan untuk menyusun buku ajar ini. 3. Rekan-rekan dosen pengampu Mata Kuliah Basis Data di prodi Informatika yang telah berbagi pengalaman dalam mengampu mata kuliah tersebut. Penulis mengharapkan adanya saran dan kritik agar buku ajar Basis Data untuk Informatika bisa lebih baik lagi dan tentunya sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Terima kasih
Buku Ajar Manajemen Pelayanan Publik
Authors:   Ilmi Usrotin Choiriyah, Mursyidah Lailul
Published: October 2021

Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, atas rahmat dan karunia-Nya Buku Ajar Manajemen Pelayanan Publik dapat diselesaikan dengan baik dan tanpa halangan yang berarti. Shalawat dan salam selalu kami sampaikan kepada junjungan Nabi Muhammad SAW. Tim penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada: a. Wisnu Panggah Setiyono, S.E., M.Si., Ph.D., Dekan Fakultas Bisnis, Hukum, dan Ilmu Sosial yang memberikan arahan dan motivasi kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan buku ajar ini. b. Dr. Didik Hariyanto, M.Si, Wakil Dekan Fakultas Bisnis, Hukum, dan Ilmu Sosial yang telah memberikan dukungan untuk menyusun buku ajar ini. c. Rekan-rekan dosen Prodi Administrasi Publik yang telah berbagi pengalaman dalam mengampu mata kuliah. Saran dan kritik sangat penulis harapkan untuk mewujudkan buku ajar Manajemen Pelayanan Publik yang lebih baik dan tentunya sesuai dengan amanat peraturan yang berlaku. Terimakasih.
Measurement Model For Competitive Advantage Of Product
Authors:   Andre Saputro, S Rita Ambarwati ,   Fathurochman
Published: October 2021

Praise the presence of Allah SWT for its abundance of grace and grace so that the monograph of COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE MEASUREMENT has been completed. This monograph is the result of research on measuring the competitive advantage of products both in small and medium enterprises and manufacturing in order to increase product competitiveness in the global market. Thank you to all parties who have helped in the completion of this monograph. We realize that there are still deficiencies in this monograph that criticism and suggestions for the improvement of this book are desirable. Hopefully this book can provide benefits for further research and for all those who need it.
Characterizing snow surface properties using airborne hyperspectral imagery for autonomous winter mobility
Authors: Hodgdon Taylor , Fuentes Anthony , Quinn Brian , Elder Bruce , Shoop Sally
Published: October 2021

With changing conditions in northern climates it is crucial for the United States to have assured mobility in these high-latitude regions. Winter terrain conditions adversely affect vehicle mobility and, as such, they must be accurately characterized to ensure mission success. Previous studies have attempted to remotely characterize snow properties using varied sensors. However, these studies have primarily used satellite-based products that provide coarse spatial and temporal resolution, which is unsuitable for autonomous mobility. Our work employs the use of an Unmanned Aeriel Vehicle (UAV) mounted hyperspectral camera in tandem with machine learning frameworks to predict snow surface properties at finer scales. Several machine learning models were trained using hyperspectral imagery in tandem with in-situ snow measurements. The results indicate that random forest and k-nearest neighbors models had the lowest Mean Absolute Error for all surface snow properties. A pearson correlation matrix showed that density, grain size, and moisture content all had a significant positive correlation to one another. Mechanically, density and grain size had a slightly positive correlation to compressive strength, while moisture had a much weaker negative correlation. This work provides preliminary insight into the efficacy of using hyperspectral imagery for characterizing snow properties for autonomous vehicle mobility.
Evaluating drone truthing as an alternative to ground truthing : an example with wetland plant identification
Authors: Suir Glenn , Saltus Christina , Sasser Charles , Harris J. , Reif Molly , Diaz Rodrigo , Giffin Gabe
Published: October 2021

Satellite remote sensing of wetlands provides many advantages to traditional monitoring and mapping methods. However, remote sensing often remains reliant on labor- and resource- intensive ground truth data for wetland vegetation identification through image classification training and accuracy assessments. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the use of unmanned aircraft system (UAS) data as an alternative or supplement to traditional ground truthing techniques in support of remote sensing for identifying and mapping wetland vegetation.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indonesian Pigmented Rice Accessions Based on Functional Molecular Markers
Authors: Risliawati Andari , Andarini Yusi N. , Terryana Rerenstradika T. , Nugroho Kristianto , Lestari Puji
Published: October 2021

Pigmented rice is functional staple food that becomes popular because of its anthocyanin content which is beneficial for health. Studies on the diversity of the local variety of Indonesian pigmented rice accessions have been carried out, but are still limited to one region of germplasm origin. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of local varieties of pigmented rice collections of the IAARD-ICABIOGRAD Gene Bank. A total of 93 pigmented rice accessions from 16 provinces in Indonesia were analyzed using 15 functional molecular markers of SSR, STS, and indel. The total alleles detected were 115 with an average per locus of genetic diversity value of 0.71. There were five markers with PIC values >0.75, i.e. RM167, RM223, R8M33, R10M10, and GBSS1. The accessions were divided into two main groups based on their pericarp color. It is necessary to analyze the physicochemical content of the local rice accessions to complement the existing diversity information and identify potential pigmented rice accessions with high palatability.
Abstract OR-3: Integrative Structural Study of the Complex of Snake Toxin WTX with α7-type Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Authors: Lyukmanova Ekaterina , Zaigraev Maxim , Kulbatskii Dmitrii , Kocharovskaya Milita , Chesnokov Yury , Chugunov Anton , Kirpichnikov Mikhail , Shenkarev Zakhar
Published: October 2021

Background: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are ligand-gated ion channels present in the nervous system, epithelium, and the immune system. The α7-type nicotinic receptor (α7-nAChR) is a homopentameric membrane protein containing five ligand binding sites located at the interface between subunits in the extracellular domain of the receptor. α7-nAChR is considered a promising target for the treatment of cancer and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. WTX is a non-conventional three-finger neurotoxin from the Naja kaouthia venom inhibiting α7-nAChR. WTX structure consists of three loops protruding from the “head” (core) stabilized by a system of disulfide bonds. Methods: The complex of the α7-nAChR extracellular domain with a recombinant analogue of WTX was studied by cryo-electron microscopy. The structure of the complex of full-length α7-nAChR with the toxin in the membrane environment was reconstructed by in silico molecular modeling. Interaction of WTX with the lipid membrane was confirmed by NMR-spectroscopy. Results: Analysis of electronic images confirmed the homopentameric organization of the extracellular domain with a diameter of ~ 9 nm and a height of ~ 7 nm. On the electron density map, additional regions corresponding to five WTX molecules located at the intersubunit interfaces of the domain were observed. Fitting the known spatial structures of the extracellular domain and the WTX toxin into the obtained electron density made it possible to reconstruct the structure of the complex (although with a low resolution of ~ 8 Ǻ due to the predominant orientation of particles in the ice) and to determine the topology of the toxin-receptor interaction. It was revealed that WTX interacts with the extracellular domain of α7-nAChR by the loop II, while the loop I and the toxin’s head seem to interact with the surface of the lipid membrane surrounding the receptor. Model of the complex of the full-length α7-nAChR receptor with WTX in the membrane environment corresponding to the neuronal membrane was constructed using computer simulation methods. Molecular dynamics for >1500 ns confirmed the stability of the complex. The predicted membrane-active site of the WTX molecule includes residues Lys13 and Arg18. The study of WTX and its mutants Lys13Ala and Arg18Ala by NMR-spectroscopy confirmed the importance of these residues for interaction with lipid membrane. Conclusion: Interaction mode of non-conventional neurotoxins with nAChR has been determined for the first time.
Abstract P-18: Phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II C-Terminal Domain Affects Transcript Elongation Through Chromatin
Authors: Akhtar Sohail , Kotova Elena , Gerasimova Nadezhda , Studitsky Vasily
Published: October 2021

Background: Transcription is the central point of gene regulation where the efficient maintenance of chromatin structure during the passage of RNA polymerase (Pol II) is critical for cell survival and functioning. The phosphorylation of carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit (Rpb1) of Pol II plays a key role in transcription through chromatin providing the binding and dissociation of factors essential for the mRNA biogenesis. Although the regulatory effect of chromatin structure on multiple stages of transcription has been well established, the role of CTD phosphorylation itself has not been systematically addressed. Methods: The effect of differentially phosphorylated Pol II-CTD on transcript elongation through chromatin was studied using in vitro transcription system based on mononucleosomes precisely positioned on DNA. The unphosphorylated and hyperphosphorylated Pol II-CTD were obtained using yeast genetics as well as in vitro kinase or phosphatases. Transcription rate and positions of pausing were measured using authentic elongation complexes comprising Pol II having different CTD phosphorylation states. The quantitative analysis of the transcripts was conducted using denaturing PAGE. Results: We observed a significant difference in the transcription through chromatin depending on CTD phosphorylation level. Thus, experiments on transcription of nucleosomes with Pol II isoforms have shown that the hyperphosphorylated form more efficiently transcribes the nucleosome and leads to a faster accumulation of the full-length RNA product than the non-phosphorylated isoform of Pol II. The non-phosphorylated isoform of the enzyme is characterized by a stronger pause in the early nucleosomal region and a slower accumulation of the full-length RNA product. Conclusion: Hyperphosphorylated form more efficiently transcribes the nucleosome and leads to a faster accumulation of the full-length RNA product as compared with the non-phosphorylated isoform of Pol II. A preliminary model of the effect of Pol II hyperphosphorylation on nucleosomal DNA transcription is proposed.
Abstract P-2: Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Skin Membranes as a Tool for the Interpretation of the Transmission Electron Microscopy Images
Authors: Bozdaganyan Marine
Published: October 2021

Background: Human skin can inhibit chemical penetration which limits the clinical applications of transdermal drug delivery. The stratum corneum (SC) is the primary barrier and organized in lamellar membranes containing the lipids of ceramides (CER), free fatty acids (FFA), and cholesterol (CHOL). One of the most widely used ways to overcome the SC is the addition of chemical penetration enhancers (CPEs) to active ingredients. There are various methods, which have been employed to explore the mechanisms by which CPEs with drugs can change the morphology of SC including transmission electron microscopy. Here, we propose to use multiscale coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the interpretation of the images of the SC from the electron microscopy experiments. Methods: We utilized the MARTINI force field for the CG simulations. We employed the mixed-lipid bilayer model of SC consisting of CER, CHOL, and FFA in a 1:1:1 molar ratio assembled with CHARMM-GUI web-service. The systems of the SC model membrane and various enhancers were simulated in the NPT ensemble with the polarizable water model and the reaction field approach for the long-range electrostatics with the usage of Gromacs 2019.4 software. Results: The membrane model was validated with standard characteristics: thickness, diffusion of the lipids, order parameters, and density profiles. After, we have added CPEs and active ingredients to the systems: menthol and osthole as control simulations, ethanol with linoleic acid and lidocaine as test simulations. We have observed the membrane desegregation in the case of menthol and osthole formulations similar to the published results while the permeation of lidocaine with ethanol and linoleic acid did not cause the disruption of the membranes but increased its fluidity and permeability properties. Conclusion: The method of multiscale coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations can be utilized for the prediction and interpretation of morphology change of SC in addition to various substances.
Abstract P-33: Structural Basis for the Growing Microtubule End Recognition by End Binding Proteins
Authors: Korshunova Alena
Published: October 2021

Background: Eukaryotic end binding proteins (EBs) can follow the growing microtubule end. EBs play a crucial role in microtubule dynamic instability and promote simultaneously growth rate and catastrophe frequency. It makes EB-like proteins perspective drag targets for a wide number of diseases. But the molecular mechanism of tip tracking by EB-like proteins remains unknown. Studies of mutants have revealed that the conservative amino acid Q102 (numbering relative to the human EB1 protein) plays a key role in the recognition of the growing microtubule end. However, the 3D structure studies revealed that this amino acid has no bonds with tubulin. In this work, we performed structural and phylogenetic analysis of EBs proteins to identify a possible molecular mechanism behind the plus end tracking. Methods: UCSF Chimera10 was used for structural analysis. Phylogenetic analysis was performed with MEGA X software. 3D structures of EBs and microtubules with different states of GTP hydrolysis were used (pdb 3JAK, 3JAS, 3JAT, 3JAW, 3JAL, 3JAR, 6DPU, 6DPV, 6DPW). Results: We have shown that two conservative amino acids (K100, E106) should play an important role in the recognition of the microtubule plus end in addition to Q102. It was concluded that these amino acids together form the plus-end «navigation site» of EBs. Analysis of possible interaction of the «navigation site» amino acids with microtubules in different conformational states suggested that the main mechanism of growing microtubule end recognition is not due to an affinity increase for a certain state of tubulin in microtubules at their end, but it due to a significant affinity decrease in other parts of the microtubule as a result of steric clashes. Conclusion: Thus, the results of the analysis suggested the possible molecular mechanism that provides the tip tracking by EB-like proteins and allowed us to identify the key amino acids of this mechanism.
Abstract P-35: Cryo-Electron Tomography of Protein Conjugated Upconverting Nanophosphors
Authors: Kralin Vyacheslav , Orekhov Anton , Kamyshinsky Roman , Chesnokov Yury , Demina Polina
Published: October 2021

Background: Over the past decades, significant advances have been made in the field of creating nanobioreagents for solving modern medicine problems (Grebenik et al., JBO, 2013). However, the problem of their low accumulation rate in pathological tissue in vivo experiments still remains. First of all, it is associated with the adsorption of blood proteins on the surface of nanobioreagents and the protein layer formation, which significantly changes the surface properties, which leads to their rapid excretion by the reticuloendothelial system. In particular, it is possible to reduce the blood plasma proteins adsorption and increase the time spent in the circulatory system by forming a coating of proteins. Methods: In situ cryоelectron tomography (Cryo-ET) is the only method that allows the experimental observation of protein structures on the nanoparticle’s surface in their natural functional state. The basic principle of the method is to obtain a series of projections of a vitrified sample thin lamella at different tilt angles related to an incident electron beam. Their further processing leads to obtaining the volumetric information about the structure of the sample. The use of a cryo-focused ion beam (Cryo-FIB) in specimen thinning makes it possible to carry out experiments with thin sections of cellular structures and observe the penetration of nanoparticles into the intracellular environment. Results: Upconverting nanophosphors (AN) were used as a nanoplatform for creating a protein coating. To create a protein coating on the AN surface, they were functionalized using an amphiphilic polymer containing carboxyl groups. Then, conjugation with protein molecules from the class of immunoglobulins was carried out by the method of carbodiimide activation. At each stage of synthesis and modification, AN solutions with different size distribution were vitrified for subsequent tomography. After a series of experiments to study the morphology of nanoparticles, an experiment on their successful absorption by cells of the cancer line A549 was carried out. Conclusion: Within this work, a series of in situ Cryo-ET methods were proposed and applied for structural characterization and visualization of the processes of synthesis, modification, and engulfment of nanoparticles into cellular systems. For the first time in its native form, the engulfment of ANF into the internal environment of the A549 cancer line cells was demonstrated.
Abstract P-36: Structural Analysis of Conformational Changes of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Tubulins
Authors: Makarova Liubov , Korshunova Alena
Published: October 2021

Background: Eukaryotic α- and β-tubulin proteins stand out among tubulin-like proteins by their ability to form hollow dynamically unstable microtubules (MT) with 13 protofilaments. Microtubules are part of the cell cytoskeleton and play a key role in chromosome division in mitosis. A considerable amount of anticancer drugs works on microtubules level breaking its dynamic. But the mechanism of dynamic instability and works of these drugs remains unknown. Bacteria of the genus Prostecobacter have unique bacterial tubulins (BtubA/B) capable to form hollow dynamically unstable 5 protofilament MTs (miniMT). Instead of great differences, both tubulins have many common features. Eukaryotic tubulin was known to have structural changes through GTP hydrolysis (compactization for approximately 2 Å and a twist for 0,1˚). «Anchor point» structure in alpha-tubulin was noticed to be a fixed point in this movement. Methods: We performed comparative structural analysis of BtubA/B and α- and β-tubulin proteins using USCF Chimera10 and MEGA X software. This data was obtained due to a comparison of 3 structures of microtubules with different nucleotides [pdb6DPU, 6DPV, 6DPW] and two structures for bacterial tubulins (miniMT [pdb5o09] and BtubA/B-dimer [pdb2BTQ]). Results: We noticed that bacterial tubulins form shorter protofilaments in miniMT than eukaryotic ones. It can be explained as compaction in two sites instead of one site in eukaryotic MT. Also, the most motionless point of min MT turned out the same "anchor point." Phylogenetic analysis showed that this structure is very conservative in these orthologs. Moreover, the final state of both tubulins (GDP) repeats each other. Conclusion: Our results suggest that bacterial tubulin can have movements through GTP hydrolysis similar to eukaryotic one. And it means that despite different amino acid sequences, bacterial and eukaryotic tubulins have similar keys structures for dynamic instability.
The Relationship between Pandemic Circumstances, Social Factors and Government Policies
Authors: Wang Wenru , A. Vasarhelyi Miklos , ROSA FABRICIA , Machado de Freitas Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: esta pesquisa explora o papel que fatores sociais e políticas governamentais desempenham no desenvolvimento da pandemia de COVID-19.

Enquadramento Teórico: o governo de diferentes regiões responde à pandemia com várias políticas e intervenções governamentais. Enquanto isso, fatores sociais que são resultados de longo prazo das políticas governamentais também impactam o desenvolvimento da pandemia em diferentes regiões. A presente pesquisa estuda como esses fatores sociais estão relacionados com o desenvolvimento da pandemia de COVID-19.

Desenho da Pesquisa: Usando dados do IBGE, Ministério da Saúde e Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, conduziu-se uma análise de regressão em nível municipal usando fatores sociais como variáveis ??independentes, e casos confirmados de COVID-19 e mortes confirmadas de COVID-19 como variáveis ??dependentes.

Resultados: foi verificado que os municípios do estado brasileiro com mais Unidades Básicas de Saúde e maior densidade populacional tendem a apresentar mais casos confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19. Também foi evidenciado que o PIB de um município é um importante indicador de casos e óbitos confirmados por COVID-19.

Originalidade: esta pesquisa é uma das primeiras a compreender o impacto dos fatores sociais no desenvolvimento da pandemia COVID-19.

Contribuições práticas e teóricas: os resultados desta pesquisa irão melhorar a compreensão da pandemia em andamento, prever a tendência de desenvolvimento da pandemia e preparar os formuladores de políticas com melhores informações, apontando os impactos significativos de fatores sociais e políticas governamentais.
Rasgos del liderazgo femenino en fundaciones del Valle del Cauca
Authors: Agudelo-Orrego Beatriz Eugenia
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar los rasgos del liderazgo en un grupo de mujeres directoras de 31 fundaciones en el Valle del Cauca, con el fin de establecer cuáles de estos predominan en las participantes y afectan, en mayor medida, la variación de la dimensión de la personalidad que los integra, para predecir su potencial de liderazgo. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo haciendo uso de los procedimientos de la investigación descriptiva dirigidos a conocer cuáles de los rasgos poseen las directoras, y de la investigación correlacional con el propósito de identificar el impacto que estos tienen en la dimensión correspondiente. Para lograrlo, se aplicó una encuesta adaptada del inventario revisado de personalidad NEO PI-R compuesta por 25 descriptores, clasificados en cinco dimensiones: neurotismo, extroversión, apertura a nuevas experiencias, agradabilidad y escrupulosidad; cada una de estas abarcó cinco rasgos del liderazgo, que fueron analizados a partir de la escala diferencial semántica. El análisis de la información permitió establecer que un gran número de fundaciones participantes están ubicadas en Cali y se dedican a brindar atención integral a niños y jóvenes en situación de pobreza, violencia y abandono; la mayoría de las directoras tienen entre 41 y 60 años, no tienen un salario establecido y algunas son profesionales. Así mismo, se estableció que, en general, las directoras son especialmente extrovertidas, lo que repercute en su sociabilidad; agradables por la confianza que generan y tienen alta capacidad de logro, evidenciada en su deliberación, competencia y autodisciplina.
IMMOBILIZATION OF CHROMIUM BY POULTRY MANURE AND GYPSUM IN SOIL AND REDUCING ITS UPTAKE BY SPINACH GROWN WITH TEXTILE EFFLUENT IRRIGATION
Authors: Sattar Hina
Published: October 2021

Chromium (Cr) is an ecological poison and its concentration is reaching to lethal intensities in soil and plants by irrigating the soil with raw industrial effluents, particularly in developing nations like Pakistan. Poultry manure and gypsum are recognized for their capability to immobilize heavy metals in soils for plant uptake and filtering to ground water. The current trial was conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the viability of poultry manure (PM) and gypsum applications to mitigate Cr toxicity in spinach grown-up in soil watered with textile effluent. The trial was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three repetitions. The treatments were: T1 (Control), T2 (Poultry Manure @ 0.5%), T3 (Poultry Manure @ 1%), T4 (Gypsum @ 0.3%) and T5 (Gypsum @ 0.6%). Chromium uptake by shoots and roots of spinach were enhanced in control plants where only textile effluent was applied. Chromium uptake in roots was higher than shoots. Application of poultry manure and gypsum reduced the Cr toxicity. The shoot length and dry weight of spinach was higher where PM was incorporated @ 1% as compared to gypsum and control. The extent of Cr toxicity mitigation by PM application @ 1% was higher when compared with control. The outcomes of this investigation demonstrated that application of PM @ 1% to the soil could be utilized as a viable approach for diminishing Cr concentration in spinach plants in Crcontaminated soils irrigated with untreated textile effluents
Case Study in Well Integrity Assurance with Enhanced Ultrasonic Technology for a Highly Attenuative Environment
Authors: Mandal Batakrishna , Wu Xiang , Huseynov Sadig , Adedamola Adesoji , Huanga Teles , Mirzayeva Tahmina , Rahimov Fuad , Novruzaliyeva Ofeliya
Published: October 2021

While applying acoustics is not a new science, inherent uncertainties with these techniques are still not addressing challenges that limit confidence in well integrity programs. The Caspian region's significant challenges for cement evaluations include heavy mud and thick casing, as well as the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) nature of gas condensate wells, which reduces the contrast in acoustic impedance. Accordingly, difficulties have remained in the interpretation of conventional cement bond logs, which has led many operators to be suspicious of well integrity technologies.

This paper focuses on the application of ultrasonic cement evaluation technology in the Caspian Sea, and compares results between advanced ultrasonic applications and traditional cement bond logs in heavy mud. The workflow is presented to integrate the advancement of this technology and to eliminate the uncertainties in well integrity analysis. Increasing confidence for further drilling of a high-pressure gas reservoir has been achieved by combining these various measurements that enable a definitive analysis of zonal isolation.

The main objective of this well assurance program was to ensure zonal isolation and shoe integrity in order to drill ahead to perform formation integrity tests (FITs). However, obtaining high-resolution cement data in heavy, 2.16-sg, oil-based mud (OBM) was the biggest concern due to the limitations of standard ultrasonic technology. The wide disparity in acoustic impedance, combined with the low contrast between heavy mud and the cemented section, makes evaluation of cement quality and zonal isolation doubtful. Although well conditions challenged the standard measurements, the cement evaluation objective was achieved with the new technology by ensuring 360° azimuthal coverage in permeable sand zones capable of unwanted hydrocarbon production – i.e., preventing sustained casing pressure (SCP). Moreover, a strong and continuous 40-m cement bond prevented crossflow from charging zones through the wellbore and also acted as a barrier against corrosion. Enhancement of pulse-echo technology has proved that it can be applied in a highly attenuative environment to achieve high-fidelity data.

Highly acoustic attenuative mud is a major challenge for acoustic ultrasonic technology to achieve a quality answer product for well integrity. To mitigate this problem, a new tool was developed with a highly sensitive low-noise transducer, and with special programmable (both voltage and frequency) firing circuitry, to enhance the transducer signal at the resonance frequency of the casing. The various features of the processing algorithm are also improved, based on the numerous laboratory and field measurements.