bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management and outcome of male metastatic breast cancer in the national multicenter observational research program Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics (ESME)
Authors: Sirieix Junien , Fraisse Julien , Mathoulin-Pelissier Simone , Leheurteur Marianne , Vanlemmens Laurence , Jouannaud Christelle , Diéras Véronique , Lévy Christelle , Ung Mony , Mouret-Reynier Marie-Ange , Petit Thierry , Coudert Bruno , Brain Etienne , Pistilli Barbara , Ferrero Jean-Marc , Goncalves Anthony , Uwer Lionel , Patsouris Anne , Tredan Olivier , Courtinard Coralie , Gourgou Sophie , Frénel Jean-Sébastien
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims:

Because of its low prevalence, metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in males is managed based on clinical experience with women. Using a real-life database, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of male MBC characteristics, management and outcome.

Methods:

The Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics Data Platform collected data for all men and women ⩾18 years with MBC in 18 participating French Comprehensive Cancer Centers from January 2008 to November 2016. Demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics were retrieved, as was treatment modality. Men were matched 1:1 to women with similar characteristics.

Results:

Of 16,701 evaluable patients, 149 (0.89%) men were identified. These men were older (median age 69 years) and predominantly had hormone receptor HR+/HER2– disease (78.3%). Median overall survival (OS) was 41.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI: 26.9–49.7)] and similar to women. Median progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line therapy was 9.3 months [95% CI (7.4–11.5)]. In the HR+/HER2– subpopulation, endocrine therapy (ET) alone was the frontline treatment for 43% of patients, including antiestrogens ( n = 19), aromatase inhibitors ( n = 15) with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs ( n = 3), and various sequential treatments. Median PFS achieved by frontline ET alone was similar in men [9.8 months, 95% CI (6.9–17.4)] and in women [13 months, 95% CI (8.4–30.9)] ( p = 0.80). PFS was similar for HR+/HER2– men receiving upfront ET or chemotherapy: 9.8 months [95% CI (6.9–17.4)] versus 9.5 months [95% CI (7.4–11.7)] ( p = 0.22), respectively.

Conclusion:

MBC management in men and women leads to similar outcomes, especially in HR+/HER2– patients for whom ET should also be a cornerstone. Unsolved questions remain and successfully recruiting trials for men are still lacking.
Improved method on image stitching based on optical flow algorithm
Authors: Lee Hyunchul , Lee Sungmin , Choi Okkyung
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of technologies based on virtual reality, image stitching is widely used in various fields such as broadcasting, games, education, and architecture. Image stitching is a method for connecting multiple images to produce a high-resolution image and a wide field of view image. It is common for most of the stitching methods to find and match the feature in the image. However, these stitching methods have the disadvantage that they cannot create a perfect 360-degree panoramic image because the depth of the projected area varies depending on the position and direction between adjacent cameras. Therefore, we propose an advanced stitching method to improve the deviation due to the difference in the depth of each area using the pixel value of the input image after the feature-based stitching. After the feature-based stitching method has been performed, the pixel values of overlapping areas in the image are calculated as an optical flow algorithm, then finely distorted, and then corrected to ensure that the image overlaps correctly. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the problem that was deviated from the feature-based stitching was solved. Besides, as a result of performance evaluation, it was proved that the proposed stitching method using an optical flow algorithm is capable of real-time and fast service.
Mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Shi Xiaoqing , Zhang Haosheng , Hu Yue , Li Xiaochen , Yin Songjiang , Xing Runlin , Zhang Nongshan , Mao Jun , Wang Peimin
Published: December 2020

Objective

The molecular mechanism of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (SMRR) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) was analyzed based on network pharmacology.

Methods

Active components and potential targets of SMRR were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. KOA targets were obtained from the OMIM, DisGeNET, DrugBank, PharmGKB, and GeneCards Databases. The potential targets of SMRR in the treatment of KOA were identified by the Venn diagram. A protein-protein interaction network was generated with the STRING database. Visualization of the interactions in a potential pharmacodynamic component-target network was accomplished with Cytoscape software. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery database and R software were used for Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation analyses of common targets. Molecular docking of the potential leading components, as determined by efficacy with the core target molecules, was performed with Discovery Studio.

Results

Fifty-seven potential pharmacodynamic components and 58 potential targets of SMRR in the treatment of KOA were found. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the interleukin (IL)-17, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways, as well as the advanced glycation end product-receptor for advanced glycation end product signaling pathway in cases of diabetic complications, are related to the molecular mechanism of SMRR in the treatment of KOA. Molecular docking results showed that luteolin, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, and other components of SMRR had a strong affinity for MYC, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, caspase-3 (CASP3), JUN, cyclin D1, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), protein kinase B, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and other targets.

Conclusion

SMRR indirectly regulates IL-17, HIF-1, TNF, and other signal transduction pathways by regulating the expression of proteins, including PTGS2, MAPK1, EGFR, and CASP3, thus playing a role in promoting chondrocyte proliferation, improving microcirculation, eliminating free radicals, and inhibiting inflammatory factors.
Disguising Elephant Ivory as Other Materials in the Online Trade
Authors: Venturini Sofia , Roberts David L.
Published: December 2020

Despite efforts of law enforcement, tech companies and other stakeholders, the illegal online trade in wildlife products continues to increase. A particular problem in tackling this online illicit trade is the misdescription of item materials, making the search for internationally CITES regulated materials, such as elephant ivory, challenging. We investigated the issue of misrepresentation of materials in item descriptions by studying the trade in netsuke, carved objects, attached to the cord of the kimono, originally from 17th century Japan, that are often made of elephant ivory. The study, conducted on the online marketplace, eBay, in the United Kingdom, shows that elephant ivory is still sold in spite of eBay’s policy on ivory. While the netsuke trade is small, elephant ivory was most frequently described as cow bone. Our results also indicated that, among the items identified as elephant ivory, only a small fraction were actually detected and removed by eBay. To discourage the sale of ivory items, eBay should increase its efforts to implement its policy banning the trade in ivory. Further, eBay could consider additional restrictions on the range of words that can be used by the vendors in all of the item listing fields.
Evaluation of Serum Total Immunoglobulin E, Interleukin-17 and Pentraxin-3 as Biomarkers for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Hussien Hossam A. , Habieb Mona S. , Hamdan Ahmad M.
Published: December 2020

Background

Different biomarkers are detectable in cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) with need for evaluation of their diagnostic and prognostic roles.

Objective

To assess the serum levels of total IgE, interleukin-17 and Pentraxin-3 in patients with CRSwNP and correlate them with the clinical evaluation using Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), radiological evaluation using Lund – Mackay (LM) computed tomography scan score, and polyposis recurrence.

Methods

This cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on fifty patients with CRSwNP and twenty-five age and gender matched healthy volunteers as control group. Patients were assessed clinically by SNOT-22 and radiologically by LM score. Blood samples of patients and controls were analyzed for serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3). The correlation between the serum levels of every two markers of the study markers was assessed. The levels of the three biomarkers were correlated with SNOT-22 and LM scores and polyp recurrence with assessment of their sensitivity and specificity to diagnose CRSwNP.

Results

This study showed significantly higher values of the three biomarkers in patients group compared with control group (p < 0.001 for all). There were significant positive correlations between the levels of the three markers and SNOT 22 and LM scores (p < 0.001 for all) and with recurrence of polyposis (p < 0.001, p = 0.005 and p = 0.032 respectively). Agreement (sensitivity and specificity) for these markers to diagnose patient group was statistically significant (p < 0.001 for all). There was a significant positive correlation between every two markers of the study markers.

Conclusion

Serum levels of total IgE, IL-17 and PTX-3 are important biological markers for diagnosis and follow up of cases of CRSwNP with high sensitivity and specificity in detection of such cases. They should be included in the routine laboratory workup for cases of CRSwNP.
Longitudinal Change in Knee Cartilage Thickness and Function in Subjects with and without MRI-Diagnosed Cartilage Damage
Authors: Wisser Anna , Lapper Andreas , Roemer Frank , Fuerst David , Maschek Susanne , Wirth Wolfgang , Duda Georg N. , Eckstein Felix
Published: December 2020

Objective

Cartilage damage diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly prevalent in the population. In this article, we explore whether such cartilage damage is associated with greater longitudinal change in 3D cartilage thickness and knee function in subjects without (risk factors of) knee osteoarthritis.

Design

Eighty-two knees of Osteoarthritis Initiative healthy reference cohort participants had baseline and 4-year follow-up MRI and knee function data. Baseline presence of semiquantitatively assessed MRI-based cartilage damage (MOAKS [MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score] ≥ grade 1.0) was recorded by an experienced radiologist. Longitudinal femorotibial cartilage thickness change was determined after segmentation, using location-independent methodology. Knee function was evaluated by patient-reported outcomes and functional performance measures. Statistical comparisons included analysis of covariance adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index.

Results

Forty-five percent of the participants had cartilage damage in at least one femorotibial subregion; the cartilage thickness change score was 15% greater in participants with than in those without damage (1216 ± 434 vs. 1058 ± 277 µm). This difference reached borderline statistical significance with and without adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index ( P = 0.05). No significant differences in the change of patient-reported outcomes of knee function (PASE [physical activity score of the elderly] and WOMAC [Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index]) or chair stand test results were detected. Of those without femorotibial damage, 58% had cartilage damage in at least one femoropatellar subregion; these had a 9% greater femorotibial cartilage change score than those without femoropatellar or femorotibial damage (difference not statistically significant).

Conclusions

In the absence of osteoarthritis risk factors, semiquantitatively assessed MRI-based cartilage damage appears to be associated with greater longitudinal location-independent femorotibial cartilage thickness changes, but not with greater functional deteriorations.
Apnea during slow sub-anaesthetic infusion of intravenous ketamine for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Gómez-Revuelta Marcos , Fernández-Rodríguez María , Boada-Antón Laura , Vázquez-Bourgon Javier
Published: December 2020

Ketamine’s pharmacological profile makes it an interesting and useful drug to challenge treatment-resistant-depression (TRD). Emerging adverse events associated with single-slow-sub-anaesthetic doses for the treatment of depression are common, although generally transient and self-limited. Nevertheless, data on the safety of this practice are scarce. Thus, it seems timely before ketamine is used for clinical treatment of depression to recommend careful monitoring and reporting of all potential adverse events related to ketamine administration. Here, we describe a case of apnea during slow sub-anaesthetic infusion of intravenous ketamine for the treatment of resistant depression. As far as we are concerned, this is an uncommon, previously unreported, and potentially severe adverse event that clinicians should be aware of, and specific management measures should be implemented.
Läxhjälp as Shadow Education in Sweden: The Logic of Equality in “A School for All”
Authors: Forsberg Eva , Hallsén Stina , Karlsson Marie , Bowden Helen Melander , Mikhaylova Tatiana , Svahn Johanna
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

Taking läxhjälp/homework support in Sweden as a case, this article aims to further explore shadow education, especially as a pedagogical object from curriculum theory perspective.

Design/Approach/Methods:

Approaches including policy analyses, ethnomethodological work based on video-recorded interaction, and narratives have produced empirically grounded knowledge. We use examples from several substudies and analyze the reentry and regulation of supplementary education and how tutors and tutees interact in tutoring settings and negotiate identities in läxhjälp as well as the relation to regular schooling.

Findings:

Läxhjälp is conditioned by the logic of equality and changes in the governance of läxhjälp. The proliferation of different kinds of tutoring practices provided by various organizations calls for a broad definition of shadow education. With curriculum as boundary object, equality and academic success are foundational. Different settings and spatiotemporal arrangements affect modes of interaction, distribution of epistemic authority, and negotiations of identities.

Originality/Value:

With Sweden as a case, it is possible to explore shadow education in a new context, the Scandinavian welfare state, and its history of comprehensive education. Moreover, ethnomethodological interaction and narrative studies and curriculum perspectives are seldom employed within research on shadow education. A number of critical key boundary objects are identified.
Bi-directional association between depression and HF: An electronic health records-based cohort study
Authors: Bobo William V , Ryu Euijung , Petterson Tanya M , Lackore Kandace , Cheng Yijing , Liu Hongfang , Suarez Laura , Preisig Martin , Cooper Leslie T , Roger Veronique L , Pathak Jyotishman , Chamberlain Alanna M
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To determine whether a bi-directional relationship exists between depression and HF within a single population of individuals receiving primary care services, using longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs).

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study utilized EHRs for adults who received primary care services within a large healthcare system in 2006. Validated EHR-based algorithms identified 10,649 people with depression (depression cohort) and 5,911 people with HF (HF cohort) between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2018. Each person with depression or HF was matched 1:1 with an unaffected referent on age, sex, and outpatient service use. Each cohort (with their matched referents) was followed up electronically to identify newly diagnosed HF (in the depression cohort) and depression (in the HF cohort) that occurred after the index diagnosis of depression or HF, respectively. The risks of these outcomes were compared (vs. referents) using marginal Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for 16 comorbid chronic conditions.

Results:

2,024 occurrences of newly diagnosed HF were observed in the depression cohort and 944 occurrences of newly diagnosed depression were observed in the HF cohort over approximately 4–6 years of follow-up. People with depression had significantly increased risk for developing newly diagnosed HF (HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.89–2.28) and people with HF had a significantly increased risk of newly diagnosed depression (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17–1.54) after adjusting for all 16 comorbid chronic conditions.

Conclusion:

These results provide evidence of a bi-directional relationship between depression and HF independently of age, sex, and multimorbidity from chronic illnesses.
Epignathi Teratoma Co-Existing with Tongue Choristoma and Cleft Palate in a Neonate: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Abdullahi Mohammed Adam Sheikh , Bukar Abba Zarami , Wapada Samuel , Olasoji Hector , Pindiga Hamidu Umaru
Published: December 2020

Background:

Oral epignathus teratoma is an extremely rare neoplasm that occurs exclusively in neonates. The tumor can grow to a large size obstructing airways and it may prevent fusion of the nasal septum with the palatine processes, which may result in cleft palate formation. The rare tumor may also co-exist with other congenital malformations such as hamartoma and choristoma causing airway obstruction and death.

Case report:

We present a case of a one-day-old male neonate who presented with oral mass associated with difficulty in breathing and inability to suck breast milk. Computed Tomography (CT) scan revealed multiple masses involving the alveolar, palate, and tongue along with cleft palate. Emergency surgery was done to relieve the airway and histology confirmed epignathi teratoma with tongue choristoma.

Conclusion:

Epignathus teratoma is a rare condition that requires prenatal prompt diagnosis. However, in countries with underprivileged hospital facilities, early surgical intervention during the neonatal period is what is required to save the patient from airway obstruction. Association of the tumor with midline anomalies is mostly the norms, however, 5% of cases with malignant transformation have been reported and the tumor is commonly associated with endodermal sinus tumor. Therefore long term follow-up of patients with serum tumor markers is highly recommended.
Changes in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Knaappila Noora , Marttunen Mauri , Fröjd Sari , Lindberg Nina , Kaltiala Riittakerttu
Published: December 2020

Background

Despite reduced sanctions and more permissive attitudes toward cannabis use in the USA and Europe, the prevalences of adolescent cannabis use have remained rather stable in the twenty-first century. However, whether trends in adolescent cannabis use differ between socioeconomic groups is not known. The aim of this study was to examine trends in cannabis use according to socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents from 2000 to 2015.

Methods

A population-based school survey was conducted biennially among 14–16-year-old Finns between 2000 and 2015 (n = 761,278). Distributions for any and frequent cannabis use over time according to socioeconomic adversities were calculated using crosstabs and chi-square test. Associations between any and frequent cannabis use, time, and socioeconomic adversities were studied using binomial logistic regression results shown by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Results

At the overall level, the prevalences of lifetime and frequent cannabis use varied only slightly between 2000 and 2015. Cannabis use was associated with socioeconomic adversities (parental unemployment in the past year, low parental education, and not living with both parents). The differences in any and frequent cannabis use between socioeconomic groups increased significantly over the study period.

Conclusions

Although the overall changes in the prevalence of adolescent cannabis use were modest, cannabis use increased markedly among adolescents with the most socioeconomic adversities. Socioeconomic adversities should be considered in the prevention of adolescent cannabis use.
Special pedagogy:Volume 1: History of special pedagogy
Authors: Nazarova Nataliya , Penin Gennadiy
Published: December 2020

The textbook presents the history of special pedagogy as an independent branch of scientific and pedagogical knowledge. Analyzes the development of scientific thought in special education from the standpoint of modern science and development of special education people with disabilities (prescientific period — beginning of XXI century). The main stages of the development of scientific knowledge in special pedagogy in connection with the formation of its individual branches are highlighted. The most important scientific ideas, concepts, and theories that have had a decisive influence on the development of special pedagogy and its branches are presented. For students of higher education institutions studying in the areas of bachelor's and master's degree "Special (defectological) education". It can be useful for graduate students and University teachers, researchers in the field of General pedagogy.
Isotermas de adsorção de umidade e cinética de secagem de sementes de trevo persa (Trifolium resupinatum L.) e trevo vesiculoso (Trifolium vesiculosum) ¬¬¬¬
Authors: Soares Gabriela Saldanha , Tuchtenhagen Scarlet Neves , Pinto Luiz Antonio de Almeida , Felipe Carlos Alberto Severo
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work was to obtain adsorption isotherms and to study the drying kinetics of persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) and arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum) seeds, in addition, fitting the experimental data by the predicted models of the literature. The equilibrium moisture content and the moisture adsorption behavior were found by isotherms curves at 40, 45 and 50 ºC, and the Peleg model was the most suitable. The drying kinetics was determined by thin layer assays in an air parallel flow dryer at all three temperatures. In addition, it was demonstrated the predominance of the falling drying rate period for the two species of seeds, and the critical moisture content values were approximately of 0.20 and 0.25 gwater gdry matter-1 for persian clover and arrowleaf clover seeds, respectively. The effective diffusivity values were estimated in ranges of values of 3.61×10-11 – 6.81×10-11 m² s-1 for persian clover and 6.76×10-11 – 1.15×10-10 m²s-1 for arrowleaf clover seeds and the temperature effect was expressed by an Arrhenius relation. Thus, drying kinetics confirmed the greater difficulty in moisture removal from the arrowleaf clover seeds, compared to the persian clover seeds drying, in agreement with the results obtained through adsorption isotherms.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: January 2021
Authors: Staller Kyle D.
Published: December 2020

Article Title: ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Continuing Medical Education Questions: January 2021
Authors: Friedenberg Frank K.
Published: December 2020

Article Title: Assessing for Eating Disorders: A Primer for Gastroenterologists
Ortodontistler arasında dijital model kullanımının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AY ÜNÜVAR Yazgı , GEÇGELEN CESUR Mine , BİLGİÇ ZORTUK Fundagül
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu anket çalışmasının amacı ülkemizde özel klinik, üniversite ya da devlet kurumunda çalışan ortodonti doktoru/uzmanı ve uzmanlık/doktora öğrencilerinin dijital ortodontik model kullanım yaygınlığını, bilgilerini ve tecrübelerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Türkiye'de çalışan 740 ortodonti uzmanı, doktora ve uzmanlık öğrencisine 20 sorudan oluşan bir anket gönderilmiştir. Mail yoluyla ve kongre, sempozyum ve toplantılarda 388 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Anket, demografik özellikler ve klinik özellikleri, dijital modele yönelik tutumları ve dijital model ile ilgili bölümlerden oluşmaktadır. Bulgular: 388 anketten elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Yanıt verenlerin yaş ortalaması 30 yıldır (dağılım: 23-55 yıl). Tüm prosedürler için 204 ortodontist (% 52.6) dijital modeli tercih etmiş, % 19.6'sı seminerlerden dijital model hakkında bilgi sahibi olduklarını bildirmiştir. Dijital modellerin kullanımında en sık belirtilen nedenler model kaybının ve model hasarının olmaması (% 44.8), ardından dijital görüntü üzerinde ölçüm yapabilmesidir (% 31.4). 300 ortodontist (% 77.3) dijital model hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinme isteğindedir. Sonuç: Verilerimiz dijital modelin ortodontistler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanıldığını göstermektedir; ortodontik tanı için dijital model tercihi, daha büyük teknik yetkinlik ile orantılı olarak artacaktır.
PREVENTING AND FIGHTING AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE WITH LEGAL MEASURES
Authors: Durac Gheorghe
Published: December 2020

Protecting the environment is an objective that should be of interest to all states, all international bodies, and all citizens, since pollution and its consequences, the ever more pressing climate changes, are problems that can only be solved with actions taken by all the parties involved. This situation requires a more responsible approach towards the actions related to climate change, which makes it necessary to adopt new policies and legal strategies in the field of environmental protection, at a national, European, and international level. An important role is played by the environmental policy, as a form of directing and organising the complex activity of environmental protection, needed to set in place the strategies, methods, and means used in the actions performed nationally and internationally in order to improve the environmental conditions. At present, the complex and global nature of climate change requires an extended and consistent action for cooperation between the states and the international organisations, with the purpose to adopt a rigorous and effective legislation, which would constitute a modern, harmonized, and efficient legal framework, including measures designed, first of all, to lower greenhouse gas emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AS FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT GUARANTEED TO THE EUROPEAN LEVEL
Authors: Gentimir Alina
Published: December 2020

The article examines, in a comparative perspective, both legal framework of the European Union and Council of Europe and case law of the Court of Justice of European Union and European Court of Human Rights in order to highlight superior level of the right to a healthy environment European protection. The multitude of concepts related to the environmental protection and their connections require compulsory conceptual delimitations. As other international and regional organizations, the European Union expresses interest in environmental protection, consecrating to it numerous legal instruments, the most relevant of these, in terms of human rights, being the Charter of Fundamental Rights, in which (Article 37) is provided expressly that environmental protection is a fundamental right, unlike the Council of Europe where this right is recognized only as an indirect right. Affiliation of this right to a certain category of rights – global rights, solidarity rights or individual or collective rights – has been a source of both doctrinal and jurisprudential disputes. Genuine interdependence with other fundamental rights such as the right to life, the right to private and family life, right to property and right to information ensues from the substance of the right to protection of the environment. The presentation of the principles which outline the content of the right in discussion emphasizes that the Charter text was drafted in accordance with the latest developments in the field of normative and jurisprudential environment established at international, regional and national levels, respectively, in interaction with the principle of sustainable development. Finally, an analysis of the most frequent modalities of environmental degradation contributes to find proper mechanisms for a better guarantee of the respect of environmental protection as a fundamental right.
IMPACT OF ETHANOL, METHANOL AND SULFIDES ON THE NITRIFICATION PROCESS OF AMMONIUM IONS IN NATURAL WATERS
Authors: Sandu Maria , Tărîţă Anatol , Lupaşcu Tudor , Dragalina Galina , Moșanu Elena
Published: December 2020

This paper includes the results of laboratory modeling of ethyl and methyl alcohol and sulfide ions impact on the biochemical process of ammonium ions nitrification in water from the Dniester River, Palanca village, Stefan Voda district (august 2019). An insignificant influence of ethyl and methyl alcohol (0,5 ml/L) was established in both stages of the process. In the comparison test, the stage NH4 + → NO2 - lasted 12 days, and in the presence of ethyl alcohol - 14 days and in the presence of methyl alcohol - 16 days. The NO2 - → NO3 - stage in the comparison test lasted 16 days and in the presence of ethyl alcohol 2 days less (14 days) and in the presence of methyl alcohol - 16 days, so without any influence. The study showed a significant influence of sulfur ion in both stages at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L with and without the presence of ethyl and methyl alcohol. In the comparison test, the NH4 + → NO2 - stage lasted 12 days, in the presence of the S2- ion it lasted 18 days, and in the presence of alcohols and sulfur ion - more than 20 days, the synergism of the impact being obvious. In the NO2 - → NO3 - step of the process for 20 days the NO2 - concentration did not decrease in the presence of the S2- ion, and in the presence of ethyl, methyl alcohol and S2- only 15-35% of the NO2 - ions were oxidized, in comparison with the witness test.
TÜRKİYE'DE PETROL FİYATLARININ SANAYİ ÜRETİM ENDEKSİ VE İŞSİZLİK ORANI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: TÜTÜNCÜ Asiye , KAHVECİ Şükran
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, üretim için önemli bir girdi olan enerjinin fiyatında meydana gelen değişimin Türkiye’nin üretim ve istihdam düzeyine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, petrol fiyatları ile sanayi üretim endeksi ve işsizlik arasındaki ilişki simetrik, asimetrik ve zamanla değişen nedensellik testleri kullanılarak Türkiye ekonomisi için 2006: 1 – 2018: 12 aylık veri seti yardımıyla sınanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, petrol fiyatlarının sanayi üretim endeksi ve işsizliği etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ancak petrol fiyatlarının sanayi üretim endeksine etkisinin işsizliğe kıyasla daha güçlü olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Анализ эффектов от субсидирования племенного молочного животноводства Московской области
Authors: Белоярская Татьяна Сергеевна
Published: December 2020

Цель: проанализировать результаты субсидирования хозяйств Московской области, занимающихся племенным разведением крупного рогатого скота молочных пород. Обсуждение: одним из необходимых условий обеспечения продовольственной безопасности страны в настоящее время является нормальное функционирование и перманентное развитие такого направления, как «племенное молочное животноводство». Данный факт объясняется тем, что, с одной стороны, молоко и молочные продукты занимают важное место в ежедневном рационе питания человека, а с другой стороны, развитие молочного скотоводства требует соответствующей племенной работы. Учитывая весь спектр проблем в сфере племенного животноводства, следует признать невозможность их решения без должной государственной поддержки, в том числе в форме субсидирования. Тем более, что в настоящее время по причине ослабления рубля себестоимость производства молока и молочной продукции увеличивается. В сложившейся ситуации многократно возрастает значимость оценки эффективности предпринимаемых государством мер поддержки племенного молочного животноводства, которую логично проводить на основе соответствующего анализа эффектов, полученных в результате реализации этих мер. Результаты: рассмотрены размеры и структуры субсидий по Московской области за 2017-2019 годы, проведен анализ эффектов от субсидирования, а именно: изменение численности поголовья молочного стада и динамики продуктивности молочного скота.
Актуализация подходов к распределению косвенных затрат в бухгалтерском учете субъектов малого предпринимательства сферы оптовой торговли
Authors: Коробейникова Лариса Сергеевна , Золототрубов Иван Андреевич
Published: December 2020

Цель: анализ затрат субъектов малого предпринимательства выступает важнейшим инструментом управления затратами, позволяет оценить тенденции изменения их уровня, установить причины отклонения фактических затрат от плановых (стандартных), выявить резервы их снижения. Для субъектов малого предпринимательства сферы оптовой торговли на первое место выступают аспекты поиска объективных методик распределения косвенных затрат в бухгалтерском учете для предотвращения искажения конечной себестоимости товарных групп. Обсуждения: эффективность системы управления затратами зависит от организации их учета и анализа, что определяется формой и методами учета затрат, степенью автоматизации учетных процессов торговой организации, уровнем планирования и нормирования затрат, наличием внутренней отчетности, содержащей информацию о выявленных отклонениях, причинах их образования, принимаемых мерах по их устранению. Наиболее актуализируется вопрос о существовании множества баз распределения косвенных затрат, относящихся к различным учетным моделям, которые имеют свои преимущества и недостатки. В работе поднимается вопрос об исследовании различных методов распределения: «котловой метод», распределение пропорционально выручки от продажи, функционально-стоимостное калькулирование. Перед руководством торговой организации поднимается ряд вопросов, решение которых способствует поиску объективных методик распределения затрат, а именно зачем использовать методики распределения затрат, какие положительные аспекты в области управления затратами получит экономический субъект, какие недостатки имеют существующие методики распределения. В настоящем исследовании осуществлялся поиск ответов на эти вопросы в ходе внедрения ABC-модели в сферу оптовой торговли. Результаты: в исследовании продемонстрирован процесс реализации функциональностоимостного калькулирования в учетной практике субъектов малого предпринимательства. Акцентировано внимание на решении недостатков и проблем внедрения модели, продемонстрирована возможность расчета рентабельности клиентов и товарных групп, предложена схема построения аналитического учета на счете 44 «Расходы на продажу».
Управленческий учет затрат и калькулирование себестоимости продукции обрабатывающих производств в условиях процессно-ориентированного управления
Authors: Медведева Елизавета Андреевна
Published: December 2020

Цель: деятельность экономических субъектов представляет собой реализацию множества взаимосвязанных бизнес-процессов, каждый из которых необходим для полноценного функционирования организации. Выделение бизнес-процессов в отдельные объекты учета затрат позволит сформировать себестоимость ряда осуществляемых мероприятий, имеющих схожие цели и результаты. Существует значительное количество теоретических разработок и практического опыта в отечественной экономической сфере, раскрывающих сущность и значение калькулирования себестоимости отдельных бизнес-процессов, однако недостаточно проработанным остается вопрос формирования информационной базы для осуществления указанных процедур, в связи с чем можно считать актуальным проведение исследования, направленного на разработку счетоводческого сопровождения учета затрат на реализацию отдельных бизнес-процессов экономических субъектов. Обоснование актуальности организации управленческого учета затрат обрабатывающих производств по бизнес-процессам, формирование системы счетоводческого сопровождения учета затрат, калькулирования себестоимости и формирования финансового результата в рамках автономной системы управленческого учета применительно к спе­цифике экономических субъектов, осуществляющих проектирование и производство котлов для центрального и автономного отопления. Обсуждение: в процессе исследования механизма функционирования системы управленческого учета в целом и затратных счетов в частности использовались методы логического, статистического анализа, общенаучные методы познания (анализ, синтез и другие), а также элементы метода бухгалтерского учета: оценка, калькуляция, двойная запись. Результаты: в статье представлена система управленческого учета затрат в процессно-ориентированных структурах, включающая в себя объекты, субъекты, предмет, задачи, инструменты, учетно-аналитическое, функции, результаты. Разработана система счетов управленческого учета затрат на реализацию бизнес-процессов, калькулирование себестоимости и определение финансового результата обрабатывающих производств. Ключевой задачей всех организаций, вне зависимости от объемов, видов деятельности и формы собственности, ставящих своей целью максимизацию получаемой прибыли, является расходование ресурсов, пропорциональное значимости осуществляемых процессов. Проведение мониторинга затратоемкости всех бизнес-процессов, реализуемых в экономическом субъекте, способствует формированию объективного информационного обеспечения принятия эффективных управленческих решений руководством организации.
Acknowledging Educational Programs in Psychotherapy for Psychologists: Possible Ways of Government Regulation
Authors: Perre M.
Published: December 2020

We present an example of current legal regulation of education and training programs for psychotherapists on the example of legislation in Switzerland. It dwells upon the criteria for training professional psychotherapists. The paper also discusses the procedure for admission into the workforce (accreditation) and describes the experience of the first stage of admission in Switzerland. The Swiss example shows that the provisions for applying the law to the admission procedure need to be clarified in order to be able to distinguish, as required by the law, scientifically based psychotherapeutic approaches and methods from those which are not, or not yet, scientifically or evidence-based. Furthermore, we touch upon the issue of distinguishing between psychological counseling and psychotherapy and describe a proposed solution to this problem, as practiced in the Netherlands. In addition, we present the recently (September 2020) enacted reform of the Psychotherapy Act of Germany. This reform concerns education and advanced qualification training as well as the accreditation of psychotherapists.
Örgütlerde Algılanan Sosyal Destek ve Toksik Duygular İlişkisi: İyimserlik ve Kötümserliğin Aracılık Etkisi
Authors: TAŞ Mehmet Ali , BEKTAŞ Meral
Published: December 2020

Örgüt içerisinde zehirleyici duygu durumunu ifade eden toksisitenin, tüm örgütlerde bir noktaya kadar etkisini gösterdiği bilinen bir gerçektir. Olumsuz duyguların yarattığı kirli iklim, örgütleri ve çalışanlarını önemli ölçüde olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu olumsuz havanın çalışanlarda yarattığı zehirleyici etkinin, algılanan sosyal destek ve iyimserlik gibi faktörler vasıtasıyla yumuşaması diğer taraftan kötümserlik faktörü ile artması beklenmektedir. Bu beklentiyi sınamak amacıyla, özel bir çağrı merkezi çalışanlarından anket yöntemiyle veriler toplanmış ve analiz edilerek bulgular sunulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre değişkenler arasında önemli ve anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca algılanan sosyal desteğin ve toksik duygu durumlarının bazı boyutları arasında gerçekleşen ilişkide, iyimserlik ve kötümserliğin aracılık rolü tespit edilmiştir.
Television at the Crossroads of the History of Consumption and Health: The Morhange Talc Affair (1972-1981)
Authors: Coulomb Benjamin
Published: December 2020

The Morhange talc affair was mediatised by television from 1972. The health scandal brought to light issues of consumerism and cosmetic products in France, after baby talcum powder was accidentally contaminated with hexachlorophene. This article presents a diachronic study of the television coverage between 1972 and 1981. Indeed, the coverage and the development of the scandal is taken as a case study in the role and influence that television can have on current affairs.
Continuity and Change in British Public Service Television’s Engagement with Mental Health
Authors: Selby Hannah
Published: December 2020

This article explores factual television coverage of mental health by British public service broadcasters (PSB) from the post-war period, examining continuity and change by highlighting the range of voices given airtime, the variety of programme formats and stylistic presentation. It argues that British television has had a long commitment to educating the public about mental health, periodically examining mental health policies, and providing air-time for a range of perspectives. In addition, mental health conditions are now featured more widely, however newer factual genres emphasise experiential accounts and self-accountability over critical investigation. By situating televisual representations of mental health within a historical framework of UK broadcasting and mental health policy, it contributes to the history of health and television, demonstrating the ways in which policy, broadcasting practices and cultural constructions of mental health are interrelated.
“Fighting the Uncertainty of Tomorrow”: Explaining and Portraying the Social Security System on French Television for Schools
Authors: Bonah Christian , Danet Joël
Published: December 2020

This contribution analyses in detail a series of instructional television programmes for schools produced between the 1950s and the 1980s on national health insurance and the French social welfare system (known as Sécurité sociale). We consider the televisualization of health issues from two alternative perspectives: school television as a type of public health service and access as a matter of social welfare and public health. We investigate how these television programmes, which focus closely on social welfare administration, sought both to educate captive school audiences as future citizens and to shape and form their attitudes towards it.
Television, Teenagers and VD: An Insight into the Advisory Process behind Schools and Colleges’ Broadcasting in the Early 1970s in the UK
Authors: Saward Angela
Published: December 2020

This article looks at the forgotten history of a television programme on venereal disease for teenagers broadcast in the United Kingdom (excluding Scotland) in 1973. It was produced by BBC Schools and Colleges and deemed to be very successful. The production was one of a trio of programmes entitled ‘Health Hazards’, from the series Twentieth Century Focus, which reflected issues relevant to teenagers over a period of social change from the 1960s to the 1970s. The archive record is lean on schools programming and this programme is very well documented from concept to delivery, representing a discrete, but ephemeral, intervention into 1970s sex educational broadcasting. This research contributes something new about public health and sexual education in the period immediately before AIDS.
“Very Nearly an Armful!”: British Post-War Comedy and the NHS
Authors: Melia Matt
Published: December 2020

While much has been written on post war British film and television comedy, there has been no critical focus on one of its key sub-genres – the medical comedy. This article aims to fill (at least some) of the gap in this scholarship. It chooses to focus on how several key medical comedies engaged the politics and ideological tensions of the fledgling National Health Service from the late 1950s to the 1980s. It will focus on the microcosmic representation of medical architectures and environments and consider how they provide spaces for political and ideological debate.
Television, an Instrument for and a Mirror of Health and Health Services
Authors: Close-Koenig Tricia , Saward Angela , Borge Jessica
Published: December 2020

This thematic issue of VIEW brings together articles that show how television has been an instrument for, as well as a mirror of, public service and specifically health services. Two approaches to this are featured and teased out. The first approach concerns health communication and campaigns, where information is diffused via television and strengthened or reinforced by visual and filmic means. The second concerns the structures that offer, manage and model norms of health and healthcare services. In introducing elements of the history of health, we hope to draw attention to the intersection of public health and television over the twentieth century, such that thinking about the relationship between them might change our understanding of both.
Chronic compensated iron deficiency anaemia in a 12-year-old cerebral palsy child
Authors: Suresh Jayasurya , Chandran Nidheesh
Published: December 2020

A 12-year-old male child, known case of cerebral palsy (CP), presented as a case of severe anaemia with congestive heart failure to the paediatric casualty. The child was worked up for the same and investigations revealed chronic compensated iron deficiency anaemia. The child was treated with blood transfusions, anti-heart failure medications and was discharged on oral iron. Special care and follow up are required for the nutritional needs of CP children as often they are neglected leading to catastrophic presentations.
Dyke Davidoff syndrome: a rare cause of cerebral hemiatrophy in 11 months old
Authors: Vatkar Amit , Vashishtha Ipsita , Hedaginal Vinaykumar P. , Madhav B. Revanth Sai
Published: December 2020

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is an uncommon condition, characterized radiologically by cerebral hemiatrophy with homolateral hypertrophy of the skull and sinuses, of unknown frequency resulting from brain injury due to large no of causes; especially in early life. Mostly presents early in life with seizures, learning difficulty, contralateral hemiparesis and facial symmetry. Here we present a case of 11 months old female child with developmental delay, visual abnormality, microcephaly and spastic hemiplegia. CT-brain done which was suggestive of infantile type of cerebral hemiatrophy or DDMS.
The prognostic accuracy of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, quick sequential organ failure assessment and sequential organ failure assessment scores in estimating the 28 day in-hospital mortality
Authors: Dorasanamma Malli , Nagireddi Nikhil , Bathyala Keerthana
Published: December 2020

Background: Sepsis is among the leading causes of death in the world. 31.5 million cases of sepsis and 19.4 million cases of septic shock have been the annual global incidence. The collaborative efforts have improved the outcomes, yet the in-hospital mortality rates remain high. This study is undertaken to ascertain the prognostic accuracy of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores in estimating the in-hospital mortality.Methods:  A prospective observational study was done from the department of general medicine and intensive care units from December 2017 to September 2019. A total of 50 Sepsis patients were selected for the study. The patients have been monitored for 28 days. Data regarding demographics, illness severity, organ dysfunction, length of stay and outcome (for 28 days) of the patients are noted.Results: The SOFA score with AUROC of 0.82, had the best discrimination in predicting mortality.Conclusions: SOFA has better prognostic accuracy than SIRS and qSOFA in predicting mortality. As ICU mortality is high in this group and care should be resource-intensive due to increased length of stay.