bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Redox‐Active Esters with Boronic Acids.
Authors: Wang Jie , Qin Tian , Chen Tie‐Gen , Wimmer Laurin , Edwards Jacob T. , Cornella Josep , Vokits Benjamin , Shaw Scott A. , Baran Phil S.
Published: November 2016

The reaction between N‐hydroxy‐tetrachlorophthalimide‐derived esters and boronic acids represents an alternative to well known Suzuki cross‐couplings.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative β,β‐Fluoroarylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives.
Authors: Miro Javier , del Pozo Carlos , Toste F. Dean , Fustero Santos
Published: November 2016

The three component coupling between deactivated alkenes, arylboronic acids, and N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide offers a site‐selective modular approach to β‐fluorinated α,β‐unsaturated systems.
ChemInform Abstract: New Efficient Synthesis of Multisubstituted Benzimidazoles and Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones by a Ugi 4CC/Aza‐Wittig Sequence Starting from Aromatic Amine Precursors.
Authors: Yan Yan‐Mei , Gao Yun , Ding Ming‐Wu
Published: November 2016

Azidobenzeneamines, obtained by C‐H activation of aromatic amine precursors, react with aldehydes, acids, and isocyanides to produce Ugi products, which are transformed to benzimidazoles or quinoxalinones with four potential points of diversity by further reaction with triphenylphosphine.
ChemInform Abstract: Photo‐Induced Substitutive Introduction of the Aldoxime Functional Group to Carbon Chains: A Formal Formylation of Non‐Acidic C(sp3)—H Bonds.
Authors: Kamijo Shin , Takao Go , Kamijo Kaori , Hirota Masaki , Tao Keisuke , Murafuji Toshihiro
Published: November 2016

Using photo‐excited 4‐benzoylpyridine as sensitizer and p‐anisylsulfonyl oxime as an aldoxime precursor, the chemoselective introduction of the aldoxime functional group into various substrates is achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Promoted Site‐Selective Carbonylation of sp3 and sp2 C—H Bonds with Nitromethane.
Authors: Wu Xuesong , Miao Jinmin , Li Yanrong , Li Guigen , Ge Haibo
Published: November 2016

Optimized reaction conditions are developed for the direct carbonylation of amides (I) and (IV) bearing a quinoline directing group to form succinimide and phthalimide derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: DABO Boronate Promoted Conjugate Allylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Using Copper(II) Catalysis.
Authors: Roest Pjotr C. , Michel Nicholas W. M. , Batey Robert A.
Published: November 2016

The scalable method represents the first catalytic procedure for the 1,4 over 1,2‐selective conjugate allylation of aryl as well as alkyl substituted α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ketones by Nickel‐Catalyzed Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Amides by Carbon—Nitrogen Bond Cleavage at Room Temperature Accelerated by a Solvent Effect.
Authors: Shi Shicheng , Szostak Michal
Published: November 2016

The procedure tolerates variously functionalized aryl amides as well as aryl zinc reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Between Aryldiazonium Salts and Arylboronic Acids: Probing the Usefulness of Photoredox Conditions
Authors: Cornilleau Thomas , Hermange Philippe , Fouquet Eric
Published: November 2016

17 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Organocatalysis: Phosphine‐Mediated Tomita Zipper Cyclization Affording Functionalized Spirooxindole.
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Yan , Shen Ze , Hu Li‐Li , Wang Liang‐Jun , Lin You‐Shuai , Xie Jian‐Wu , Cui Hai‐Lei
Published: November 2016

Title compounds (III) and (V) are obtained in moderate to good yields and diastereoselectivities up to <90%.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Initiated Radical Cascade Stereoselective Iodofluoroalkylation/Cycloisomerization of Ene‐vinylidenecyclopropanes.
Authors: Yang Song , Xu Qin , Shi Min
Published: November 2016

The mild, highly atom economic transformation offers a stereoselective access to diverse difluoromethylated or perfluoromethylated pyrrolidine derivatives endowed with an alkyl iodide tether.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldimino Esters with Chalcones Catalyzed by Silver/Xing‐Phos: Mechanism‐Oriented Divergent Synthesis of Chiral Pyrrolines.
Authors: Bai Xing‐Feng , Li Li , Xu Zheng , Zheng Zhan‐Jiang , Xia Chun‐Gu , Cui Yu‐Ming , Xu Li‐Wen
Published: November 2016

Depending on the work‐up (acidic vs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dihydropyrrolizine and Tetrahydroindolizine Scaffolds from Pyrroles by Titanocene(III) Catalysis.
Authors: Hildebrandt Sven , Gansaeuer Andreas
Published: November 2016

The presented method comprises a titanocene(III)‐catalyzed radical arylation as key feature.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu—Pd/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyzed the Coupling of Multi‐Step Reactions: Direct Synthesis of Benzimidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Feng Feng , Ye Jia , Cheng Zheng , Xu Xiaoliang , Zhang Qunfeng , Ma Lei , Lu Chunshan , Li Xiaonian
Published: November 2016

Transfer hydrogenation and subsequent cyclization of o‐nitroaniline with alcohols, catalyzed by the title multifunctional catalyst, affords benzimidazole derivatives in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cycloaddition of Aldoximes with Maleimides Using Catalytic Hydroxy(aryl)iodonium Species.
Authors: Yoshimura Akira , Nguyen Khiem C. , Rohde Gregory T. , Saito Akio , Yusubov Mekhman S. , Zhdankin Viktor V.
Published: November 2016

The method is suitable for the preparation of various N‐unsubstituted pyrrolo‐isoxazoles and N‐methylated analogue (VIc), where both aromatic and aliphatic aldoximes can be used as substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Naphthalene Functionalized trans‐2,3‐Dihydrofuro[3,2‐c]coumarins as Antioxidant and Anthelmintic Agents.
Authors: Wadhwa Deepak , Arora Varun , Arora Loveena , Arora Pragi , Parkash Om
Published: November 2016

Some products exhibit anthelmintic or antioxidative properties comparable to standard drugs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed β‐Regioselective Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ynamides with Pyrido[1,2‐b]indazoles: Reaction Development and Mechanistic Insights.
Authors: Yu Yinghua , Chen Gui , Zhu Lei , Liao Yun , Wu Yufeng , Huang Xueliang
Published: November 2016

An unprecedented gold(I)‐induced β‐site regioselective formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition of ynamides with pyrido[1,2‐b]indazoles is reported, giving the title compounds in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen‐Bonding Catalysis of Tetraalkylammonium Salts in an Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction
Authors: Kumatabara Yusuke , Kaneko Shiho , Nakata Satoshi , Shirakawa Seiji , Maruoka Keiji
Published: November 2016

of imines and Danishefsky diene (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component [3 + 3] Heterocyclizations for Flexible Synthesis of Bicyclic Fused Pyridines under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Liu Jie , Pan Yuan‐Yuan , Xue Li‐Yuan , Hao Wen‐Juan , Zhang Jin‐Peng , Wang Shu‐Liang , Jiang Bo
Published: November 2016

The described preparation offers access to pyran as well as thiopyran‐anellated pyridine derivatives in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemically Rich Polycyclic Amines from the Kinetic Resolution of Indolines Through Intramolecular Povarov Reactions.
Authors: Min Chang , Seidel Daniel
Published: November 2016

Under control of a chiral Broensted acid catalyst, racemic indolines undergo intramolecular Povarov reactions with achiral aromatic aldehydes bearing a pendent dienophile.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridines and Related Heterocycles by Sequential Condensation and Iodine‐Mediated Oxidative Cyclization.
Authors: Li Ertong , Hu Zhiyuan , Song Lina , Yu Wenquan , Chang Junbiao
Published: November 2016

A facile and efficient approach to 1,2,4‐triazolo[4,3‐a]pyridines and related heterocycles is accomplished through condensation of readily available aryl hydrazines with aldehydes followed by iodine‐mediated oxidative cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Catalyzed Addition of Enamides to ortho‐Quinone Methide Imines — An Efficient and Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydroacridines.
Authors: Kretzschmar Martin , Hodik Tomas , Schneider Christoph
Published: November 2016

A broadly applicable phosphoric acid catalyzed, enantioselective reaction between in situ generated o‐quinone methide imines and enamides gives access to tetrahydroacridines and related fused N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intermolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 2(1H)‐Quinolones Induced by Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Troester Andreas , Alonso Rafael , Bauer Andreas , Bach Thorsten
Published: November 2016

The title reaction with electron‐deficient olefins proceeds with excellent regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivity and is applicable to isoquinolones.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Catalyzed Green Synthesis of Thiazole and 1,3‐Thiazine Derivatives Linked to Benzofuran.
Authors: Arafa Wael A. A. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Badrey Mohamed G.
Published: November 2016

The title compounds are prepared by reaction of hydrazinecarbothioamide (I) with arylidenemalononitriles or hydrazonoyl halides, resp., in good yields and in short times.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot and Three‐Component Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some New 1,2,4‐Triazine‐coumarins.
Authors: Wang Guang‐cheng , Wang Jing , He Dian‐xiong , Li Xin , Li Juan , Peng Zhi‐yun
Published: November 2016

The title compounds are prepared by condensation of diarylethanediones, thiosemicarbazide, and coumaryloxymethyloxiranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid‐Promoted Formation of Stabilized Silylium Ions for Catalytic Friedel—Crafts C—H Silylation.
Authors: Chen Qing‐An , Klare Hendrik F. T. , Oestreich Martin
Published: November 2016

The protocol represents a convenient way for the regioselective introduction of silyl groups onto N‐methyl indole and aniline derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to P‐Stereogenic Phosphinates via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Desymmetrization of Bisphenols.
Authors: Huang Zhijian , Huang Xuan , Li Baosheng , Mou Chengli , Yang Song , Song Bao‐An , Chi Yonggui Robin
Published: November 2016

The desymmetrization works well with 2‐hydroxyaryl substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: A Multifunctional Biomaterial with NIR Long Persistent Phosphorescence, Photothermal Response and Magnetism.
Authors: Wu Yiling , Li Yang , Qin Xixi , Qiu Jianrong
Published: November 2016

Multifunctional phosphors Zn3Ga2SnO6:Cr3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ with near‐IR long persistent phosphorescence, photothermal response, and magnetism are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of ZnO, Ga2O3, SnO2, Cr2O3, Gd2O3, and Nd2O3 (1350 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications of Iron Selenide
Authors: Hussain Raja Azadar , Badshah Amin , Lal Bhajan
Published: November 2016

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mesocrystals: Structural and Morphogenetic Aspects
Authors: Sturm Elena V. , Coelfen Helmut
Published: November 2016

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Perovskite Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Utilization
Authors: Zhang Guan , Liu Gang , Wang Lianzhou , Irvine John T. S.
Published: November 2016

Review: 44 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organophosphines in Organoplatinum Complexes ‐ Structural Aspects of PtP2CX (X : Br or I) Derivatives
Authors: Melnik Milan , Mikus Peter
Published: November 2016

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Review: Single‐Molecule Magnets Based on Pyridine Alcohol Ligands
Authors: Bao Dong‐Xu , Xiang Shuo , Wang Jin , Li Yun‐Chun , Zhao Xiao‐Qing
Published: November 2016

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Geometric Isomerism in Coordination Cages Based on Tris‐chelate Vertices: a Tool to Control Both Assembly and Host/Guest Chemistry
Authors: Metherell Alexander J. , Ward Michael D.
Published: November 2016

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver and Copper Complexes with Closo‐Polyhedral Borane, Carborane and Metallacarborane Anions: Synthesis and X‐Ray Structure
Authors: Walter K. , Stickler B. A. , Hornberger K.
Published: November 2016

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metallacycle‐Mediated Cross‐Coupling in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: O'Rourke Natasha F. , Kier Matthew J. , Micalizio Glenn C.
Published: November 2016

Review: 214 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Chemical Degradation of Lignin: Catalytic Oxidation and Ionic Liquids
Authors: Dai Jinhuo , Patti Antonio F. , Saito Kei
Published: November 2016

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atmospheric Chemistry of Bioaerosols: Heterogeneous and Multiphase Reactions with Atmospheric Oxidants and Other Trace Gases
Authors: Estillore Armando D. , Trueblood Jonathan V. , Grassian Vicki H.
Published: November 2016

Review: 179 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Ynol and Thioynol Ethers
Authors: Gray Vincent James , Wilden Jonathan D.
Published: November 2016

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Orthogonal Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct C—H Bond Arylation of Heteroaromatics with Aryl Halides
Authors: Theveau Laure , Schneider Cedric , Fruit Corinne , Hoarau Christophe
Published: November 2016

Review: [49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Modified Carbon‐Based Materials: Nanoscience for Catalysis
Authors: Prati Laura , Chan‐Thaw Carine E. , Campisi Sebastiano , Villa Alberto
Published: November 2016

Review: [24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Experimental and Quantum Chemical Approaches to Develop Highly Selective Nanocatalysts for CO2‐Free Power Circulation
Authors: Yamauchi Miho , Ozawa Nobuki , Kubo Momoji
Published: November 2016

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Cyclopropanation of a Wide Variety of Olefins Catalyzed by Ru(II)‐Pheox Complexes
Authors: Chanthamath Soda , Iwasa Seiji
Published: November 2016

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanistic Perspectives on Organic Photoredox Catalysis for Aromatic Substitutions
Authors: Majek Michal , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel
Published: November 2016

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Regio‐Isomerically Pure Bis‐adducts of Empty and Endohedral Fullerenes
Authors: Ceron Maira R. , Echegoyen Luis
Published: November 2016

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Mechanism for Reactions of Ring‐Substituted Phenonium Ions in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Tsuji Yutaka , Richard John P.
Published: November 2016

Review: 79 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Mediated Stereoselective Allylation
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Vemula Sandeep R. , Balasubramanian Narayanaganesh , Cook Gregory R.
Published: November 2016

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advancements in Tetronic Acid Chemistry. Part 2. Use as a Simple Precursor to Privileged Heterocyclic Motifs
Authors: Abdou Moaz M. , El‐Saeed Rasha A. , Elattar Khaled M. , Seferoglu Zeynel , Boukouvalas John
Published: November 2016

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxetanes: Recent Advances in Synthesis, Reactivity, and Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Bull James A. , Croft Rosemary A. , Davis Owen A. , Doran Robert , Morgan Kate F.
Published: November 2016

Review: 551 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Isoquinoline Alkaloids: 2004—2015
Authors: Chrzanowska Maria , Grajewska Agnieszka , Rozwadowska Maria D.
Published: November 2016

Review: 308 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Reactions of Nitrones and Allenes for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
Authors: Anderson Laura L. , Kroc Michelle A. , Reidl Tyler W. , Son Jongwoo
Published: November 2016

Review: 52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Identification of Adenosine Monophosphate‐Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activators
Authors: Cameron Kimberly O. , Kurumbail Ravi G.
Published: November 2016

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organelle‐Specific Bioprobes Based on Fluorogens with Aggregation‐Induced Emission (AIE) Characteristics
Authors: Hu Fang , Liu Bin
Published: November 2016

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: MiR‐106a: Promising Biomarker for Cancer
Authors: Pan Yao‐Jie , Zhuang Ying , Zheng Jun‐Nian , Pei Dong‐Sheng
Published: November 2016

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Computational Modeling of Photoexcitation in DNA Single and Double Strands
Authors: Lu You , Lan Zhenggang , Thiel Walter
Published: November 2016

Review: 358 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanide Organic Framework Luminescent Thermometers
Authors: Rocha Joao , Brites Carlos D. S. , Carlos Luis D.
Published: November 2016

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Polymers and Networks Driven by Cucurbit[8]uril‐guest Pair Encapsulation in Water
Authors: Tian Jia , Zhang Liang , Wang Hui , Zhang Dan‐Wei , Li Zhan‐Ting
Published: November 2016

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Lignin Association to Nano‐/Micro‐Particle Preparation: Extracting Higher Value of Lignin
Authors: Zhao Wenwen , Simmons Blake , Singh Seema , Ragauskas Arthur , Cheng Gang
Published: November 2016

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Performance Polymers for Membrane CO2/N2 Separation
Authors: Liu Junyi , Hou Xianda , Park Ho Bum , Lin Haiqing
Published: November 2016

Review: [58 refs.
Effect of treatment with 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitor VIA‐2291 (atreleuton) on coronary plaque progression: a serial CT angiography study
Authors: Matsumoto Suguru , Ibrahim Reda , Grégoire Jean C. , L'Allier Philippe L. , Pressacco Josephine , Tardif Jean‐Claude , Budoff Matthew J.
Published: November 2016

Background

Inflammation has a key role in the process of atherosclerosis. Production of leukotrienes by 5‐lipoxygenase has been linked to atherosclerotic plaques and cardiovascular events.

Hypothesis

In this study, a selective 5‐LO inhibitor will slow plaque progression using serial cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CCTA).

Methods

Patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were prospectively assigned to one of 3 VIA‐2291 doses (25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg) or placebo by oral administration. All groups underwent CCTA at baseline and at 6 months’ follow‐up. Plaque types such as low‐attenuation plaque (LAP), fibro‐fatty tissue (FF), fibro‐calcified plaque (FC), and dense calcium plaque (DC) were measured based upon predefined density threshold, and changes from baseline CCTA were analyzed.

Results

The final analysis included 54 patients (age, 56 ± 9 years; 85.1% male) with CCTA at baseline and 24 weeks. Evaluating on treatment VIA‐2291 (all 3 doses, n = 37) demonstrated significant reductions in plaque progression compared with placebo (n = 17). VIA‐2291 significantly reduced LAP (5.9 ± 20.7 mm3 vs −9.7 ± 33.3 mm3), FF (11.1 mm3 ± 13.3 mm3 vs −0.9 ± 2.7 mm3), and FC (−0.1 ± 6.22 mm3 vs −14.3 ± 6.2 mm3; all P < 0.05) and retarded the progression of DC (3.9 ± 3.2 mm3 vs 0.2 ± 0.4 mm3) compared with placebo.

Conclusions

VIA‐2291 resulted in slowed plaque progression compared with placebo across different plaque subtypes in patients with recent ACS (http://ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00358826).
Joint impact of sensing time and SPRF parameter on the performance of a continuous energy harvesting cooperative cognitive radio network
Authors: Das Gopal Chandra , Bhowmick Abhijit , Dhar Roy Sanjay , Kundu Sumit
Published: November 2016

Joint impact of sensing time and signal power raise factor is studied for an improved energy detector–based energy harvesting cooperative cognitive radio network. All the cognitive radio nodes harvest energy either from radio frequency resources or from non–radio frequency resources. The probability density function of harvested energy from both the sources is exponentially distributed. Novel theoretical expressions for harvested energy and throughput are derived. Impact of several sensing parameters and a device constraint on the outage is studied. Optimal values of sensing time and signal power raise factor parameter pair are estimated for maximum harvested energy and maximum throughput. Energy efficiency of the network is also evaluated, and impact of sensing time on it is indicated.
3D tract‐specific local and global analysis of white matter integrity in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Jin Yan , Huang Chao , Daianu Madelaine , Zhan Liang , Dennis Emily L. , Reid Robert I. , Jack Clifford R. , Zhu Hongtu , Thompson Paul M. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in memory and other aspects of cognitive function. Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) offers a non‐invasive approach to delineate the effects of AD on white matter (WM) integrity. Previous studies calculated either some summary statistics over regions of interest (ROI analysis) or some statistics along mean skeleton lines (Tract Based Spatial Statistic [TBSS]), so they cannot quantify subtle local WM alterations along major tracts. Here, a comprehensive WM analysis framework to map disease effects on 3D tracts both locally and globally, based on a study of 200 subjects: 49 healthy elderly normal controls, 110 with mild cognitive impairment, and 41 AD patients has been presented. 18 major WM tracts were extracted with our automated clustering algorithm—autoMATE (automated Multi‐Atlas Tract Extraction); we then extracted multiple DWI‐derived parameters of WM integrity along the WM tracts across all subjects. A novel statistical functional analysis method—FADTTS (Functional Analysis for Diffusion Tensor Tract Statistics) was applied to quantify degenerative patterns along WM tracts across different stages of AD. Gradually increasing WM alterations were found in all tracts in successive stages of AD. Among all 18 WM tracts, the fornix was most adversely affected. Among all the parameters, mean diffusivity (MD) was the most sensitive to WM alterations in AD. This study provides a systematic workflow to examine WM integrity across automatically computed 3D tracts in AD and may be useful in studying other neurological and psychiatric disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1191–1207, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oxidative Stress and Amyloid Toxicity: Insights From Yeast
Authors: França Mauro B. , Lima Karina C. , Eleutherio Elis C.A.
Published: November 2016

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder. One of the factors that promotes neurodegeneration is the accumulation of senile plaques formed by Aβ peptide. In this paper, it was analyzed that if oxidative stress is cause or consequence of amyloid cascade and the role of antioxidant defense system in this process, using S. cerevisiae (with a multicopy plasmid containing the Aβ1‐42 sequence) as experimental model. Cells grown on glycerol were more tolerant than when grown on glucose, strengthening the role of the antioxidant defense system against Aβ accumulation. Antioxidant defense deficiency did not change the pattern of amyloid aggregation. On the other hand, the presence of Aβ increased the level of intracellular oxidation and induced the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and aconitase. Peroxissomal catalase deficient cells (Δcta1), were more sensitive to Aβ toxicity than the wild type strain, while mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2) deficient cells displayed the highest frequency of petites. Besides, Aβ alters the oxygen consumption and the activity of complex III and IV. Taken together, our results point out that the Aβ toxicity mechanism involves an oxidative stress induction by increasing ROS production into the mitochondria, where Cta1 and Sod2 play a crucial role in the regulation of the redox balance. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1442–1452, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Regulates REX1 Expression Via IL‐6 In Stem Cells Isolated From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth
Authors: Nowwarote Nunthawan , Sukarawan Waleerat , Pavasant Prasit , Osathanon Thanaphum
Published: November 2016

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) regulates pluripotent marker expression and cellular differentiation in various cell types. However, the mechanism by which bFGF regulates REX1 expression in stem cells, isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulation of REX1 expression by bFGF in SHEDs. SHEDs were isolated and characterized. Their mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. In some experiments, chemical inhibitors were added to the culture medium to impede specific signaling pathways. Cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous tooth dental pulp tissue expressed mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105). These cells differentiated into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, when appropriately induced. Treating SHEDs with bFGF induced REX1 mRNA expression and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with FGFR or Akt inhibitors. Cycloheximide pretreatment also inhibited the bFGF‐induced REX1 expression, implying the involvement of intermediate molecule(s). Further, the addition of an IL‐6 neutralizing antibody attenuated the bFGF‐induced REX1 expression by SHEDs. In conclusion, bFGF enhanced REX1 expression by SHEDs via the FGFR and Akt signaling pathways. Moreover, IL‐6 participated in the bFGF‐induced REX1 expression in SHEDs. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1480–1488, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sense of community and life satisfaction in Chinese older adults: Moderating roles of personal and partner resilience
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Yu Nancy Xiaonan , Zhang Jianxin , Zhou Mingjie
Published: November 2016

From an ecological perspective, this study aimed to examine the relationship between a sense of community and life satisfaction as moderated by personal resilience and partner resilience among Chinese older adults. Using a cross‐sectional design, a total of 258 Chinese couples (age range 60–97 years) completed measures related to sense of community, resilience, and life satisfaction. The results showed that (a) sense of community was positively associated with life satisfaction after controlling for personal resilience, partner resilience, and other covariates, and (b) a three‐way interaction between sense of community, personal resilience, and partner resilience emerged to predict life satisfaction. Specifically, the effect of sense of community on life satisfaction under the condition of low personal resilience–low partner resilience was weaker than it was under other conditions. Tailored interventions to enhance community resources, individual resilience, and couples’ strengths are recommended to promote the life satisfaction of Chinese older adults.
Processing black mulberry into jam: effects on antioxidant potential and in vitro bioaccessibility
Authors: Tomas Merve , Toydemir Gamze , Boyacioglu Dilek , Hall Robert D , Beekwilder Jules , Capanoglu Esra
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

Black mulberries (Morus nigra) were processed into jam on an industrialised scale, including the major steps of: selection of frozen black mulberries, adding glucose–fructose syrup and water, cooking, adding citric acid and apple pectin, removing seeds, and pasteurisation. Qualitative and quantitative determinations of antioxidants in black mulberry samples were performed using spectrophotometric methods, as well as HPLC‐ and LC‐QTOF‐MS‐based measurements. These analyses included the determination of total polyphenolic content, % polymeric colour, total and individual anthocyanin contents, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro bioaccessibility in processing samples.

RESULTS

Jam processing led to a significant reduction in total phenolics (88%), total flavonoids (89%), anthocyanins (97%), and antioxidant capacity (88–93%) (P < 0.05). Individual anthocyanin contents, determined using HPLC analysis, also showed a significant decrease (∼99% loss). In contrast, % recovery of bioaccessible total phenolics, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity (ABTS assay) increased after jam processing (16%, 12%, and 37%, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Fruit processing resulted in losses of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity of black mulberry jam. Optimisation of food processing could help to protect the phenolic compounds in fruits which might be helpful for the food industry to minimise the antioxidant loss and improve the final product quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Water dynamics of Ser‐His‐Glu‐Cys‐Asn powder and effects of moisture absorption on its chemical properties
Authors: Lin Songyi , Xue Peiyu , Yang Shuailing , Li Xingfang , Dong Xiuping , Chen Feng
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

This study has elucidated moisture dynamics in the soybean peptide, Ser‐His‐Glu‐Cys‐Asn (SHECN) powder by using dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We also tried to investigate the effects of moisture absorption on the biological activity and chemical properties of SHECN with some effective methods such as mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS).

RESULTS

DVS results showed that the moisture absorption of SHECN could reach a maximum of 33%, and the SHECN powder after synthesis actually existed in a trihydrate state of SHECN.3H2O. Low‐field NMR revealed that three water proportions including strong combined water, binding water and bulk water were involved in SHECN moisture absorption and absored water dominantly existed in the form of combined water. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MIR spectroscopy results indicated that moisture absorption could change the morphology and structure of SHECN. After moisture absorption at 50% and 75% relative humidity, 19 volatiles were identified by GC‐MS analysis. Additionally, this study showed that a part of reductive groups in SHECN was oxidized and its antioxidant ability declined significantly (P < 0.05) after moisture absorption.

CONCLUSION

Water absorbed into SHECN powder can significantly change its microstructure and cause its activity to decrease. We must prevent SHECN from absorbing moisture during storage because the water can accelerate the oxidation of samples and promote microbial reactions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant peptides from digestion of larvae and pupae of Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, Fabricius
Authors: Pattarayingsakul Werawich , Nilavongse Arjaree , Reamtong Onrapak , Chittavanich Pamorn , Mungsantisuk Idsada , Mathong Yuvadee , Prasitwuttisak Wipoo , Panbangred Watanalai
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND

Mixed larvae and pupae of weaver ant (Oecophylla smaragdina) are widely used as an important food ingredient in regions of Thailand. They have high nutritional values and comprise 53% protein and 13% lipid. Peptides derived from food proteins have been shown to possess biological activities.

RESULTS

Peptides derived from pepsin and trypsin digestion of these weaver ant larvae and pupae were purified based on angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities, and their amino acid sequences were identified by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). In silico docking of peptides with ACE successfully predicted the inhibitory peptides as confirmed by their chemical synthesis. Two peptides with sequences of FFGT and LSRVP showed IC50 values for ACE inhibition of 19.5 ± 1.7 and 52.7 ± 4.0 µmol L−1, respectively. In addition, one potent antioxidant peptide with a sequence of CTKKHKPNC showed IC50 values of 48.2 ± 2.1 µmol L−1 for DPPH assay and 38.4 ± 0.2 µmol L−1 for ABTS assay, respectively.

CONCLUSION

These results indicate that proteins from larvae and pupae of weaver ants are potential sources of peptides with anti‐ACE and antioxidation bioactivities. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Highly selective coextraction of rhodamine B and dibenzyl phthalate based on high‐density dual‐template imprinted shells on silica microparticles
Authors: Long Zerong , Xu Weiwei , Peng Yumei , Lu Yi , Luo Qian , Qiu Hongdeng
Published: November 2016

A simple one‐pot approach based on molecularly imprinted polymer shells dispersed on the surface of silica for simultaneous determination of rhodamine B and dibenzyl phthalate (DBzP) has been developed. Highly dense molecularly imprinted polymer shells were formed in the mixture of acetonitrile and toluene by the copolymerization of methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, as well as two templates, rhodamine B and dibenzyl phthalate, directed by the vinyl end groups functional monolayer at surface silica microspheres after 3‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane modification. The obtained imprinted polymer shells showed large average pore diameter (102.5 nm) and about 100 nm shell thickness. The imprinted particles also showed high imprinting factor (αRhB = 3.52 and αDBzP = 3.94), rapid binding kinetics, and excellent selective affinity capacity for rhodamine B and dibenzyl phthalate containing another three competitors in mixed solution. Moreover, the imprinted particles coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography was successfully applied to simultaneous analysis of rhodamine B and dibenzyl phthalate in two spiked beverage samples with average recoveries in the range of 88.0−93.0% for rhodamine B and 84.0–92.0% for dibenzyl phthalate with the relative standard deviation lower than 5.1%.
Trends and the utilization of transoral robotic surgery with neck dissection in New York State
Authors: Frenkel Catherine H. , Yang Jie , Zhang Mengru , Regenbogen Elliot , Telem Dana A. , Samara Ghassan J.
Published: November 2016

Objectives

The timing of neck dissection (ND) in relation to transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is controversial. This study identifies local practice patterns and economic and social access disparities during adoption of TORS.

Study Design

We analyzed utilization patterns of TORS and ND using the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System all‐payer administrative database. Statewide head and neck cancer incidence from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Bethesda, MD) was used to control for overall cancer incidence.

Methods

Patient demographic, insurer, and institutional information of patients aged ≥ 18 (n = 225) years from 2008 to 2012 were evaluated. Temporal trends were analyzed with Poisson regression models for counts.

Results

Transoral robotic surgery was used in 386 procedures, and 58.3% involved ND (n = 225). Concurrent ND was most frequent (n = 173), followed by staged TORS then ND (n = 44) and staged ND preceding TORS (n = 8). Caucasians were more likely than Blacks/Hispanics to undergo TORS (P = 0.03). Medicare (26.2%) and Medicaid (2.7%) payers comprised a minority of patients compared to those commercially insured (70.2%). Only 20% of patients received care outside a major urban center, and these patients were more likely to undergo staged procedures, P = 0.02. Staged procedures resulted in higher mean hospital charges (P = 0.02).

Conclusion

Concurrent TORS + ND, the most common practice in New York, is more cost‐effective. Patients without commercial insurance, patients in racial minorities, or patients residing outside major urban centers may be targeted to improve care access disparities with respect to minimally invasive TORS technology.

Level of Evidence

2c. Laryngoscope, 127:1571–1576, 2017
3D analysis of the movements of the laryngeal cartilages during singing
Authors: Unteregger Fabian , Honegger Flurin , Potthast Silke , Zwicky Salome , Schiwowa Julia , Storck Claudio
Published: November 2016

Objective

The vocal range of untrained singers rarely exceeds one and a half octaves, but professional singers have a range of at least two and a half octaves. The aim of this study was to better understand the muscle and cartilage movements responsible for the control of vocal pitch in singing.

Study Design

Prospective study.

Methods

We recruited 49 female professional singers (25 sopranos and 24 altos) and analyzed laryngeal three‐dimensional images derived from high‐resolution computed tomography scans obtained at the mean speaking fundamental frequency (F0) and at one (F1) and two octaves (F2) above this pitch.

Results

From F0 to F1, the only observable movement was a backward cricoid tilting caused by the cricothyroid muscles (CTMs), leading to vocal fold stretching. Above F1, a medial rotation and inward rocking of the arytenoid cartilages was observed, caused by the lateral cricothyroid muscles (LCAMs) and leading to inferior displacement of the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage, and thus to further vocal fold stretching.

Conclusion

Trained singers achieve the first octave of pitch elevation by simple cricothyroid approximation. Further pitch elevation necessitates a complex movement of the arytenoids, first by CTM contraction and second by LCAM contraction.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 127:1639–1643, 2017
Disability in patients with end‐stage liver disease: Results from the functional assessment in liver transplantation study
Authors: Samoylova Mariya L. , Covinsky Kenneth E. , Haftek Marta , Kuo Selena , Roberts John P. , Lai Jennifer C.
Published: November 2016

Cirrhosis leads to sarcopenia and functional decline that can severely impact one's ability to function at home and in society. Self‐reported disability scales to quantify disability—Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)—are validated to predict mortality in older adults. To evaluate disability in liver transplantation (LT) candidates and quantify its impact on outcomes, consecutive outpatients ≥18 years listed for LT with laboratory Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease scores of ≥12 at a single high‐volume US LT center were assessed for ADLs and IADLs during clinic visits. Multivariate competing risk models explored the effect of disabilities on wait‐list mortality (death or delisting for illness). Of 458 patients, 36% were women, median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 60 years (IQR, 54‐64 years), and initial Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease–Sodium (MELD‐Na) was 17 (IQR 14‐20). At first visit, 31% had lost ≥ 1 ADL, and 40% had lost ≥ 1 IADL. The most prevalent ADL deficits lost were continence (22%), dressing (12%), and transferring (11%); the most prevalent IADLs lost were shopping (28%), food preparation (23%), and medication management (22%). After adjustment for age, MELD‐Na, and encephalopathy, dressing (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0‐2.8; P = 0.04), toileting (SHR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1‐3.5; P = 0.03), transferring (SHR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1‐3.0; P = 0.009), housekeeping (SHR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2‐3.0; P = 0.009), and laundry (SHR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3‐3.5; P = 0.002) remained independent predictors of wait‐list mortality. In conclusion, ADL/IADL deficits are common in LT candidates. LT candidates would benefit from chronic disease management programs developed to address the impact of cirrhosis on their daily lives. Liver Transplantation 23 292–298 2017 AASLD.
Homogenization of time harmonic Maxwell equations: the effect of interfacial currents
Authors: Amirat Youcef , Shelukhin Vladimir V.
Published: November 2016

We consider the Maxwell equations for a composite material consisting of two phases and enjoying a periodical structure in the presence of a time‐harmonic current source. We perform the two‐scale homogenization taking into account both the interfacial layer thickness and the complex conductivity of the interfacial layer. We introduce a variational formulation of the differential system equipped with boundary and interfacial conditions. We show the unique solvability of the variational problem. Then, we analyze the low frequency case, high and very high frequency cases, with different strength of the interfacial currents. We find the macroscopic equations and determine the effective constant matrices such as the magnetic permeability, dielectric permittivity, and electric conductivity. The effective matrices depend strongly on the frequency of the current source; the dielectric permittivity and electric conductivity also depend on the strength of the interfacial currents. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phytochemicals enhance antioxidant enzyme expression to protect against NSAID‐induced oxidative damage of the gastrointestinal mucosa
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Ting , Lu Chi‐Cheng , Yen Gow‐Chin
Published: November 2016

The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa provides the first protective barrier for digested food and xenobiotics, which are easily attacked by toxic substances. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, diclofenac, indomethacin, and ketoprofen, are widely used in clinical medicine, but these drugs may cause oxidative stress, leading to GI damage such as ulcers. Lansoprazol, omeprazole, and other clinical drugs are widely used to treat duodenal and gastric ulcers and have been shown to have multiple biological functions, such as antioxidant activity and the ability to upregulate antioxidant enzymes in vivo. Therefore, the reduction of oxidative stress may be an effective curative strategy for preventing and treating nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug induced ulcers of the GI mucosa. Phytochemicals, such as dietary phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, flavan‐3‐ols, flavonols, flavonoids, gingerols, carotenes, and organosulfur, are common antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, and beverages. A large amount of evidence has demonstrated that natural phytochemicals possess bioactivity and potential health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antibacterial benefits, and they can prevent digestive disease processes. In this review, we summarize the literature on phytochemicals with biological effects, such as angiogenic, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti‐inflammatory, and antiulceration effects, and their related mechanisms are also discussed.
Miniaturization of dual band implantable antennas
Authors: Hashemi Soheil , Rashed‐Mohassel Jalil
Published: November 2016

As in medical applications dimensions reduction of implantable devices are of interest, periodic structures were used in substrate of the antenna to reduce the size of dual band miniaturized microstrip antennas even more. Designed substrate reduce the size to about 40%. The characteristics of miniaturized antenna with and without the periodic structure is compared and presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:36–40, 2017
Microwave reflectivity analysis of bone mineral density using ultra wide band antenna
Authors: Augustine Robin , Kurup Dhanesh G. , Redzwan Syaiful , Mathur Parul , Raman Sujith , Lee Doojin , Kim Kangwook
Published: November 2016

In this paper, an approach to analyze the bone mineral density (BMD) based on microwave reflectivity is presented The proposed method enables us to overcome the health risks associated with diagnostic techniques such as X‐rays for repeated study of the rate of mineralization in the case of fractures or de‐mineralization in the case of osteoporosis. The proposed method is used to demonstrate the application of microwaves for continuous observation of skull healing process during post‐cranial surgery period. The proposed technique can be a potential clinical model in future for extracting target characteristics such as bone deposition thickness and other cranial defects. Based on the conclusions of wideband measured data and signal processing techniques, we propose to design the Transceiver using ultra‐wideband (UWB) pulsed technology. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:21–26, 2017
Wideband highly linear LNA using modified cascode for simultaneous input and noise matching technique
Authors: Park Seung Pyo , Lee Moon‐Que , Lee Han Lim
Published: November 2016

In this letter, a highly linear low‐noise amplifier (LNA) MMIC configured by a modified cascode structure with the operation band from 1.8 GHz to 2.8 GHz is proposed. The modified cascode structure adopts inductive degeneration and an additional transistor used for linearity enhancement and simultaneous input and noise matching. Also, the resistive feedback at the input and inductive peaking at the output are applied to ensure the stability over the wideband operation. The proposed LNA MMIC was implemented by 0.5μm GaAs pHEMT process and showed the measured input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) of 15.5 ± 1.3 dBm, gain of 16.3 ± 2.2 dB, output P1‐dB of 16.7 ± 0.3 dBm and noise figure (NF) of 1 ± 0.2 dB from 1.8 GHz to 2.8 GHz . © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:15–17, 2017
Wide stopband single‐/dual‐bandpass filters using rotational symmetric composite right/left‐handed resonators
Authors: Guo Zhi‐Gui , Yang Guo‐Min
Published: November 2016

Both single‐/dual‐bandpass wide stopband filters with rotational symmetry using composite right/left‐handed resonators are proposed in this study. Designs of this type obtain a single passband at 2.40 GHz as well as dual passbands at 2.40 and 5.20 GHz, and achieve a wide stopband with no additional structures, which are implemented and demonstrated with full‐wave simulations and measurements. Standing wave coupling models are presented to analyze the characteristics of a wide stopband effectively. The proposed single‐bandpass filter (BPF) with rotational symmetry achieves a preferable wide stopband, in which |S21| is mainly <−20 dB below 19.00 GHz; the proposed dual‐BPF also obtains a wide stopband, in which |S21| < −20 dB below 16.90 GHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:49–53, 2017
Wideband and high‐gain EBG resonator antenna based on dual layer PRS
Authors: Chaabane Abdelhalim , Djahli Farid , Attia Hussein , Mohamed Abdelghani Lamine , Ahmed Denidni Tayeb
Published: November 2016

A wideband and high‐gain electromagnetic band‐gap resonator antenna for X‐band operation is presented in this paper. A dual‐layer partially reflective surface with a wide frequency band from 8.3 to 11 GHz is proposed to enhance the 3‐dB gain bandwidth of a simple planar antenna. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna possesses a relative 3‐dB gain bandwidth of about 33.33%, from 7.95 to 11.13 GHz, with a maximum gain of 13.57 dBi. Moreover, the measured impedance bandwidth is about 35.53%, from 7.8 to 11.17 GHz, which fairly covers the 3‐dB gain bandwidth. Hence, the proposed structure surpasses conventional techniques for widening the 3‐dB gain bandwidth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:98–101, 2017
Quasi‐self‐complementary planar broadband series‐fed array antenna for C‐band applications
Authors: Jalali M. , Naser‐Moghadasi M. , Sadeghzadeh R. A.
Published: November 2016

A new design of broadband semi bow‐tie quasi self‐complementary (QSC) CPW series‐fed array antenna for C‐band application is presented and discussed. To realize the presented array element, miniature quasi‐self‐complementary antenna element with a coplanar CPW‐like matching technique is utilized. The proposed element provides a wide impedance bandwidth from 3.95 to 11.25 GHZ for S11<−10 dB. The QSC array antenna's operation is additionally enhanced with assembling of four elements that is designed, using symmetric CPW‐fed with matching method. The measured results illustrate impedance bandwidth from 4.25 to 9.9 GHz for VSWR < 2. The feed‐line is tapered at input section between series‐fed network and antenna because of optimum input impedance matching that leads to improve impedance bandwidth. The measured results of the proposed array also exhibit relatively good radiating pattern and gain values. The design process and the experimental results are discussed in details. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:95–98, 2017
K‐band frequency doubler with low power consumption and compact size in 65 NM CMOS
Authors: Oh Hyun‐Myung , Kim Jae‐Sun , Kim Choul‐Young
Published: November 2016

In this article, a K‐band frequency doubler with low power consumption and compact size using balanced topology is demonstrated. The circuit is fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology and designed to operate from 23.2 to 26 GHz. The transformer based on the balun and the inductor is designed. Using a balun and inductor based on transformer, the circuit size is reduced and these achieve good balanced performance and input matching. The frequency doubler occupies and area of 0.6 × 0.29
and consumes a current of 5 mA from a 1 V supply. The fabricated frequency doubler exhibits a conversion gain of −8.4 dB at the input frequency of 12 GHz and an input power of 0 dBm. The suppression of the fundamental signal is 31.5 dB at input frequency of 12 GHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:93–95, 2017