bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Escape Path PlanningAlgorithm in Large Building Fires Based on Multiple Fusion Strategies
Authors: Zhijun Gao , Hongyan Zhang , Wang Xin , Laghari Asif Ali , Anwar Muhammad Shahid
Published: August 2023

Background: Large building fires are currently the most direct and serious type of fire that causes property damage and casualties, and delayed evacuation is one of the important reasons for casualties. Therefore, how to safely and quickly evacuate trapped individuals has become the focus of research by many scholars. Our goal is to propose a robust, universal, and high-precision fire escape path that utilizes minimal human intervention, making the algorithm practical and highly fitting to the scene.
Results: This article constructs a framework for evacuating and evacuating fire personnel. Through the drone relay communication platform, multi-source information data collected at the fire scene is synchronously transmitted to the information exchange center, and uploaded to the cloud for real-time processing. In the cloud processing stage, the dynamic path planning method for large-scale building fires that integrates multiple strategies proposed in this article is used to generate escape paths, and the information exchange center is used to guide personnel to evacuate and escape. In addition, the information exchange center synchronizes the comprehensive scheduling of rescue agencies such as fire alarms and emergency centers.
Conclusions: This article proposes a dynamic pathfinder path planning method that integrates multiple strategies based on the original FPA. By utilizing the mapping relationship between personnel location and fitness, the path planning problem is transformed into a set sorting problem, shortening escape time and improving path safety; A multi-objective path planning mechanism based on the A * algorithm has been constructed. By defining a dynamic matching degree to adapt to environmental changes, the population density at the exit is reduced, and the algorithm's global search ability and escape efficiency are improved. A cloud server IoT fire evacuation and escape model based on relay communication drones is designed, which utilizes the drone's adaptive height characteristics to ensure communication quality while expanding communication coverage, By using cloud processing to shorten runtime, the superiority of the method was verified through comparative experiments on single objective and multi-objective global path planning under multiple sets of grid maps with different specifications.
Coupling effect of solidification and consolidation on characteristics of the dredged silt
Authors: Shu Shi , Li Lei , Cao Mingwei , Pan Zhengguo , Li Ruoyu , Xu Gaofeng , Tang Yan
Published: August 2023

Dehydration with a plate and frame filter press is a common method for treating dredged silt from rivers and lakes. The silt is often conditioned by the addition of solidifying materials before plate and frame press filtration and, therefore, is subjected to the coupling effect of solidification and consolidation. In this study, consolidation tests of the silt with cement were carried out and compared with the silt after only solidification or only consolidation in terms of moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, and leaching concentration. The test results showed that the moisture content of the silt can be reduced to less than 60% under the coupling action of solidification and consolidation, which was 22% and 4% lower than with solidification only or consolidation only, respectively. The effect of consolidation accelerated the hydration reactions of cement; the unconfined compressive strength increased rapidly during the initial consolidation stage and was 30–150% higher than that of solidified silt. The coupling effects of solidification and consolidation on the leaching concentrations of Ni and Cr in silt were the most significant, and the lowest leaching concentrations were 60% and 90% lower than those of solidified only and consolidated only silt, respectively.
X-Ray based Examination of Artworks by Cy Twombly – Art Technology and Condition of the 'Original Sculptures'
Authors: Reinhardt Juliana , Tischer Michaela , Schmid Simon , Kollofrath Jochen , Burger Ruben , Jatzlau Philipp , Bushardt Elisabeth , Goldammer Matthias , Grosse Christian Ulrich
Published: August 2023

What are Cy Twombly’s sculptures made of? This article presents an overview of a non-destructive examination conducted on three sculptures by American artist Cy Twombly (1928–2011) as part of an art-technological research project at the Doerner Institut in Munich. The artworks are part of the collection of the Brandhorst Museum and belong to Twombly’s series of so-called ‘Original Sculptures’: assemblages of individual found objects, which the artist covered and modified with layers of plaster and white paint. To develop a long-time preservation strategy, the research focused on understanding the materials and construction methods used in Twombly's sculptures. In collaboration with the Chair of Non-Destructive Testing at the Technical University of Munich, the artworks were inspected using X-Ray radiography and computed tomography. The results showed that Cy Twombly used various everyday objects made from wood, plastics, metal, and paper/cardboard to build the assemblages. Unexpectedly, the examinations revealed that the individual parts are solely held together by the coating of plaster and paint, lacking additional mechanical connections. The overall structure thus proved to be very fragile and highly sensitive to physical stresses, whether due to handling, transport, or strains in the microstructure caused by climatic fluctuations. Since little was known about Cy Twombly´s choice of materials and manufacturing details, the results offer valuable insights into the overall artistic process and decision-making of one of the most influential artists of the 20th/21st centuries. Conservators can use the art-technological findings to monitor the sculptures‘ condition and develop or adapt long-term preservation strategies, including aspects such as ambient climatic conditions and handling storage and transport specifications. In addition, the knowledge generated can be used for further research on the specific materials and transferred to other artworks by Cy Twombly.
Synergistic design of membrane-based ion separation and solar-driven evaporation for direct lithium extraction from salt-lake brine
Authors: Jin Jian , Zhang Shenxiang , Wei Xian , Cao Xue , Peng Meiwen , Jiang Lin
Published: August 2023

The demand for lithium extraction from salt-lake brines is increasing to address the global lithium supply shortage. Nanofiltration membrane-based separation technology with high Mg2+/Li+ separation efficiency has shown great potential for lithium extraction. However, it usually requires diluting the brine with a large quantity of freshwater in the pre-treatment stage and only yields Li+-enriched solution. Inspired by the process of selective water/ion uptake and salt secretion in mangroves, we report here the direct extraction of lithium chloride (LiCl) powder from salt-lake brines by utilizing the synergistic effect of ion separation membrane and solar-driven evaporator. The ion separation membrane-based solar evaporator is a sandwich structure consisting of an upper photothermal layer to evaporate water, a hydrophilic macroporous membrane in the middle to generate capillary pressure as the driving force for water transport, and an ultrathin ion separation membrane at the bottom to allow Li+ to pass through and block other multivalent ions. This process exhibits outstanding lithium extraction capability. LiCl powder with a purity of 94.2% can be directly collected on the surface of the evaporator. When treating simulated salt-lake brine with ion concentration as high as 348.4 g L− 1, the Mg2+/Li+ ratio is reduced by 66 times (from 19.8 to 0.3). This research combines ion separation with solar-driven evaporation to directly obtain LiCl powder, providing a new and efficient approach for lithium extraction.
Comparative Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Other Perceived Factors towards Research among UG Optometry Students: Indian versus International Scenario
Authors: Pant Kamal , Khan Salal
Published: August 2023

Aim/Purpose
The purpose of this study is to compare & assess the knowledge, attitude and perceived factors towards research amongst UG Optometry studentsin India with International scenario. And the other aim is to create awareness and spread knowledge about research in Optometry among UG students.
Methodology
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among Indian & International UG Optometry students.A modified questionnaire was used to collect data from Indian and International UG optometry students through online Google form which was circulated electronically. All the collected data was processed and analysed by Chi-square test & one-way ANOVA in SPSS version 21.
Results
It was found that out of 154 subjects [(77 Indian & 77 Abroad), Male-60% & 30% while Female-40% & 70% respectively], 36 Indian subjects (46.7%) & 61 Abroad subjects (79.2%) were having an idea to conduct research while 72 (93.5%) & 62 (80.5%) were having interest towards research respectively.
Individuals having Research as a subject in their academic curriculum were 37.6% & 75.3% whereas individuals knowing the importance of research were 77.9% & 92.2% in India and Abroad respectively.
The common perceived factors including, Inadequate support by mentor/ faculty (27% & 27%), Inadequate motivation (28.6% & 32.5%), Inadequate financial support (27.3% & 31.2%), Lack of time (13%& 49.4%), research methodology is difficult to understand (9.1% & 20.8%), need of adequate training (36.3% & 28.6%), lack of skills and knowledge (35.1% & 37.7%), lack of interest (22.1% &27.3%), problem in performing research (39% & 23.4%) and not have any opportunities to take part in research (24.7% & 13%) were observed in Indian and Abroad subjects respectively.
All factors mentioned were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) with the Pearson Chi-square & one-way ANOVA test in SPSS version 21.
Conclusion
Most students had a positive attitude or interest towards the eye health research but Indian students were lacking the good number of resources in comparison to abroad students. So, a positive and supportive environment (including availability of optimum resources) is needed to improve skills & knowledge about research amongst UG optometry students during their academic life.
In addition, there is a need to create awareness among optometry students about the importance of research to overcome the barriers of optometry research. This way research awareness and positive frame of mind for research will help in uplifting the Optometry profession in India.
A Novel Mechanism of 16α-OHE1, One of Estrogen Metabolites, Alleviating Inflammatory Infiltration in Hypoxia-Induced Myocardial Injury via β2-Adrenergic Receptor
Authors: Zhou Yequan , Yin Zeyuan , Cui Junchao , Cao Zhonghui , Wang Cheng , Gao Xiao , He Shimin , Fu Tong , Fu Lu , Zhou Xueyan
Published: August 2023

Objective The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of 16α-OHE1 on myocardial injury caused by hypoxia.Methods and results Rats were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia conditions simulating an high altitude of 6000 m in a low-pressure chamber for 7 days. Post-exposure, evaluations were made on cardiac function, myocardial enzyme concentrations, histopathological modifications, inflammatory infiltration, and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) expression levels. In parallel, H9C2 cells were cultured under standard oxygen conditions or in a three-gas incubator containing 5% O2 for 24 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory infiltration, and myocardial enzyme levels in H9C2 cells were measured. Hypoxia induced significant myocardial damage, marked by impaired cardiac function, myocardial structural changes, inflammatory infiltration, and increased apoptosis. Pre-treatment with 16α-OHE1 significantly improved heart function and reduced myocardial enzyme release. The increased inflammatory response was also significantly suppressed. In addition to preserving myocardial structures, hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes was significantly weakened. Notably, these protective effects of 16α-OHE1 were linked with the upregulation of β2AR expression. However, when β2AR was inhibited by ICI 118,551, the protective effect of 16α-OHE1 on the myocardium was abrogated.Conclusion 16α-OHE1 could reduce hypoxia-induced myocardial injury in rats through β2-adrenoceptors.
A microbial flora with superior pollutant removal efficiency and its fermentation process optimization
Authors: Li yonghong , Wu xiuxiu , Wang yun , Gao yingman , li keke
Published: August 2023

Microbial flora plays an important role in microorganism-enhanced technology. The pollutant degradation ability and viable counts of these agents are crucial to guarantee their practical application. In this study, an efficient pollutant-degrading microbial flora was screened, its medium components and culture conditions were optimized, and its effect was verified in zeolite trickling filter towers. After a 24 h culture under the optimal conditions, the viable count reached 4.76×109 cfu/mL, with the degradation rates of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased to 93.5%, 100%, 68.3%, 32.6%, and 85%, respectively. After optimizing the feeding strategy, the concentration of viable bacteria reached 5.80×109 cfu/mL. In the application effect verification experiment, the degradation rates of NH4+-N, TN, TP, and COD in the experimental group reached 96.69%, 75.18%, 73.82%, and 90.83%, respectively, showing a significant improvement compared to the results of the control group. The main components in the control group were Dokdonella, Brevundimonas, Alishewanella, Rhodobacter, Pseudoxanthomonas, and Thauera, whereas those in the experimental group were Dokdonella, Proteocatella, Rhodobacter, Dechlomonas, and Nitrospira. Proteocatella, Dechlomonas, and Nitrosra, which were unique to the experimental group, are common bacteria used for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. This explains the difference in the sewage treatment capacity between the two groups. This study provides an alternative sewage treatment microbial flora with a reasonable production cost and high degradation efficiency for NH4+-N, TN, TP, and COD.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes in the ovary and testis and identification of transformer-2 gene of the corn pest, Athetis dissimilis
Authors: Song Yue-Qin , Han Sheng-Jie , Zhang Tian-Si , He Hao-Hao , Sun Huizhong
Published: August 2023

Insect sex determination is extremely complex and requires the mutual regulation of multiple genes. By sequencing the testis and ovary transcriptomes, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which could provide reference for breeding male sterile lines to control the insect population in the future. A total of 11065 DEGs between the males and females ofAthetis dissimiliswere identified, of which 6685 genes were up-regulated and 4380 genes were down-regulated in females. By searching all-DEGs against COG, GO, KEGG, KOG, Pfam, Swiss-Prot, eggNOG and nr databases obtained in a total of 6656 annotated DEGs. In the nr search results, we obtained a sex-related transformer-2 gene, namedAdisTra-2. With other species aligned sequence found that Adistr-2 protein had a highly conserved RRM domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Adistra-2 protein was a close relative to of the lepidoptera tra-2 protein. The qRT-PCR of different states expression pattern showed that theAdistra-2was abundant in egg period. About tissue-specific expression, theAdistra-2expression was the highest in the ovary. This work provides a theoretical reference for the sex differentiation and genetic manipulation of this insect.
Carcinoembryonic antigen potentiates non-small cell lung cancer progression via PKA-PGC1ɑ axis
Authors: Lei Juan , wu lei , Zhang Nan , Liu Xudong , Zhang Jiangang , Kuang Liwen , Chen Jiongming , Chen Yijiao , Li Dairong , Li Yongsheng
Published: August 2023

Background
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor-associated antigen primarily produced by tumor cells. CEA has been reported to be involved in various biological processes, including cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis. However, the impact of CEA on the tumor immune escape remains largely unknown.
Methods
The A549 tumor-bearing mouse models were established to investigate the role of CEA during tumor progression. CCK-8 assay, Colony formation assay, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis were used to assess the role of CEA on fatty acid metabolism and proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells.
Results
In this study, we demonstrate that CEA promotes the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our findings indicate that CEA enhances NSCLC proliferation and migration through the activation of fatty acid metabolism-related genes and PGC1 expression. Mechanistically, CEA promotes PGC1 expression via the PKA-PGC1ɑ signaling pathway. Inhibition of the PKA-PGC1ɑ signaling pathway attenuates CEA-induced proliferation and migration of NSCLC. Interestingly, we also observed that inhibition of PGC1α downregulates the expression of PD-L1 in NSCLC.
Conclusion
These results reveal the involvement of CEA in fatty acid metabolism during lung cancer development and highlight its impact on immunotherapy of NSCLC.
Effects of foot and ankle mobilisations combined with home stretches in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a proof-of-concept RCT.
Authors: LEPESIS VASILEIOS , Paton Joanne , Rickard Alec , Latour Jos , Marsden Jonathan
Published: August 2023

Introduction
People with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and limited joint mobility syndrome (LJMS) can experience increased forefoot peak plantar pressures (PPPs), a known risk factor for ulceration. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ankle and 1st metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint mobilisations and home stretches in people with DPN improve joint range of motion (ROM) and reduce forefoot PPPs.
Design and methods
Sixty-one people with DPN (IWGDF risk 2), were randomly assigned to a 6-week programme of ankle and 1st MTP joint mobilisations (n = 31) and home stretches or standard care only (n = 30). At baseline (T0); 6-week post intervention (T1) and at 3 months follow-up (T2), a blinded assessor recorded dynamic ankle dorsiflexion range using 3D (Codamotion) motion analysis and the weight bearing lunge test, static 1st MTP joint, dynamic plantar pressure and balance.
Results
No significant differences in dynamic ankle dorsiflexion were found between both groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in ankle dorsiflexion range in both feet across time between groups (Left 1.52cm and 2.9cms, Right 1.62cm and 2.7cm) at 6 (T1) and 18 weeks (T2) respectively p < 0.01). Between both groups, a significant increase in functional reach was observed (T1 = 3.13cm p < 0.05 and T2 = 3.9cm p < 0.01). Between group differences were seen in left hallux dorsiflexion (2.75°, p < 0.05) at T1 and in right hallux dorsiflexion (4.9°, p < 0.01) at T2 follow up. No significant between group differences were found for peak plantar pressure or postural sway. Intervention adherence was high (80%).
Conclusions
Combining ankle and 1st MTP joint mobilisations with home stretches in a 6-week programme in people with DPN is effective in increasing static measures of range. This intervention may be useful for improving ankle, hallux joint mobility and anteroposterior stability limits in people with diabetes and neuropathy but not for reducing PPP or foot ulcer risk.
Trial registration
https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03195855
Academia’s Responses to COVID-19: Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis on Online Learning of Medical Students
Authors: Zhang Pei , Li Xiuyuan , Pan Ying , Zhai Haihun , Li Tian
Published: August 2023

Background
This study aimed to investigate research hotspots and future direction in the online learning of medical students around the globe during COVID-19 via bibliometric and visualization analyses.
Methods
Bibliometric analysis and visual mapping were used to analyze relevant publications. Cite Space 6.1.R3 was used to generate a network visualization map to evaluate cooperation between countries, institutions, and authors.
Results
Since 2020, a total of 2,582 publications were enrolled. The visualization results show that academic achievements in online learning research benefit from a global collaborative foundation. The United States occupies the core position. Another prominent result is that Chinese authors have made outstanding contributions to online learning research. Findings of co-cited references indicated that the most influential co-cited author and academic teams investigated a wide array of topics, such as online learning practice, academic theories and models, redesigned curriculum of different disciplines, psychological impacts of the pandemic, and the future challenge of reshaping lifelong learning. Keyword co-occurrence analysis shows that the research during the COVID-19 pandemic can be roughly divided into three stages.
Conclusion
Given that evolution path of the past three years–and the experience generated during the Covid era–that online learning will be further developed and applied in the post COVID-19 era.There is a trend that all medical subjects will be taught with some hybrid delivery systems. More over, the evolution trajectory of online learning will be direct to more autonomous, more advanced technology and method involved,and more extensive cooperation.
Polyoxometalate decorated gold nanoparticles inhibit β -amyloid aggregation and cross the blood brain barrier in a µphysiological model
Authors: Perich Marta Perxés , Palma-Florez Sujey , Solé Clara , Goberna-Ferrón Sara , Samitier Josep , Gómez-Romero Pedro , Mir Mònica , Lagunas Anna
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the combination of several neuropathological hallmarks such as extracellular aggregates of beta amyloid (Aβ). Numerous alternatives have been studied for inhibiting Aβ aggregation but at this moment there are no effective treatments available. Here, we developed the tri-component nanohybrid system AuNPs@POM@PEG, based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) covered with polyoxometalates (POMs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). In this work, AuNPs@POM@PEG demonstrated to inhibit the formation of amyloid fibrils showing a 75% decrease in Aβ aggregation in vitro. As a potential candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, we evaluated the cytotoxicity and ability of the AuNPs@POM@PEG to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We achieved a stable nanosystem that is non-cytotoxic below 2.5 nM to human neurovascular cells. The brain permeability of AuNPs@POM@PEG was analyzed in an in vitromicrophysiological model of the BBB (BBB-on-a-chip), containing 3D human neurovascular cell co-culture and microfluidics. Results showed that AuNPs@POM@PEG was able to cross the brain endothelial barrier in the chip and demonstrated that POM does not affect the barrier integrity, giving green light to further studies as nanotherapeutic system.
Biomechanical Causes for Failure of The Physiomesh™/Securestrap™ System in IPOM procedure. Ex-vivo experimental study.
Authors: Zamkowski Mateusz , Tomaszewska Agnieszka , Lubowiecka Izabela , Śmietański Maciej
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
This study investigates the mechanical behavior of the Physiomesh™/Securestrap™ system, a hernia repair system used for IPOM procedures associated with high failure rates.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study involved conducting mechanical experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the mechanical behavior of the Physiomesh™/Securestrap™ system under pressure load. Uniaxial tension tests were conducted to determine the elasticity modulus of the Physiomesh™ in various directions and the strength of the mesh-tissue-staple junction. Ex-vivo experiments on porcine abdominal wall models were performed to observe the system's behavior under simulated intra-abdominal pressure load. Numerical simulations using finite element analysis were employed to support the experimental findings.
RESULTS
The results reveal nonlinearity, anisotropy, and non-homogeneity in the mechanical properties of the Physiomesh™, with stress concentration observed in the polydioxanone (PDO) strip. The mesh-tissue junction exhibited inadequate fixation strength, leading to staple pull-out or breakage. The ex-vivo models demonstrated failure under higher pressure loads. Numerical simulations supported these findings, revealing the reaction forces exceeding the experimentally determined strength of the mesh-tissue-staple junction.
CONCLUSIONS
The implications of this study extend beyond the specific case of the Physiomesh™/Securestrap™ system, providing insights into the mechanics of implant-tissue systems. By considering biomechanical factors, researchers and clinicians can make informed decisions to develop improved implants that mimic the mechanics of a healthy abdominal wall. This knowledge can contribute to better surgical outcomes and reduce complications in abdominal hernia repair and to avoid similar failures in future.
Silica-Amorphous Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Induced Removal of Rhodamine B from Water
Authors: Ray U. , Sarkar S. , Sharma P. , Dhariwal A , Jha A. , Das N. S. , Kumar S. , Banerjee D. , Chattopadhyay K K
Published: August 2023

Present work reports the synthesis of amorphous carbon nanotube-Silica (a-CNT-SiO2) hybrids by a simple cost friendly method. The as synthesized samples were characterized by instruments like XRD, FESEM, FTIR spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD spectra confirm the proper phase formation of the sample whereas the FESEM micrographs reveal that the samples have been developed in the cluster form.
FTIR spectra reveals that there are several absorption peaks present these are mainly assigned to the Si-Si, Si-O, Si-H, C-C, C=C, C=O, C-Hn or OH bonds.
Raman spectra of the pure and hybrid samples have also been studied in detail.
From the application point of view both the pure and hybrid samples have shown good efficacy in removing dyes like rhodamine B with efficiency over 90 % within just 45 minutes. Kinetic studies confirmed that the reaction mostly followed pseudo 1st order mechanism
The Role of AI and Virtual Reality in Fostering Environmental Awareness and Activism in College Students
Authors: Cao FeiFei , Jian Yirong
Published: August 2023

The pressing need to include the next generation in environmental protection initiatives in light of growing worries about the destructive effects of human activities on the planet The purpose of this research is to examine how artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) may be used to raise college students' environmental consciousness and encourage them to take action on environmental issues. A total of 400 students from different socioeconomic backgrounds participated in the research over the course of six months. The created methodology integrates AI and VR to provide an interactive and engaging lesson on environmental education and advocacy. The research shows that teaching about environmental challenges using AI and VR technology greatly improves students' understanding of these topics. The concept also helps people develop conservationist values and inspires them to become involved in environmental advocacy. Using artificial intelligence and virtual reality in environmental education may be an effective way to get young people invested in environmental sustainability. In conclusion, the research presented here demonstrates that integrating artificial intelligence and virtual reality into environmental education might lead to a more environmentally conscious and conscientious populace.
Ab externo choroidal fluid drainage combined with pars plana vitrectomy and gas endotamponade for the management of complex cases of persistent serous choroidal detachment following glaucoma surgery
Authors: Koenig Susanna Friederike , Vounotrypidis Efstathios , Wertheimer Christian Maximilian , Wolf Armin
Published: August 2023

Background:
Persistent severe serous choroidal detachment is a rare complication after glaucoma surgery. Surgical treatment with choroidal fluid drainage through a scleral incision is an option in these cases. Combining this procedure with pars plana vitrectomy and gas endotamponade has potential advantages. In the following, the perioperative course of this surgical option in a small cohort will be presented.
Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study of the postoperative course of ab externo drainage of persistent serous choroidal detachment in combination with pars plana vitrectomy and gas endotamponade in six eyes of six patients. Inclusion criteria was persistent hypotony with severe serous choroidal detachment after intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering surgery due to medically uncontrolled glaucoma. Eyes were evaluated according to resolution of choroidal detachment, change in IOP and visual acuity (VA), post-drainage complications and need for further surgeries.
Results:
Before surgery all patients presented with flat anterior chamber, decreased vision, and persistent choroidal detachment. The surgery itself was uneventful, but due to the complexity of the cases, tailoring the procedure to each patient's needs was required. Complete resolution of choroidal effusion was achieved by one month in 5 eyes and in one eye by month 3. There was an increase in average IOP from 5 (± 2.1) mmHg before surgery to 11.3 (± 3.7) mmHg and in VA from 1.7 (± 0.8) to 1.2 (± 0.6) logMAR. Five out of six patients required additional surgery, mainly to further increase the IOP even though choroidal detachment had already resolved.
Conclusion:
Ab externo choroidal fluid drainage combined with pars plana vitrectomy and gas endotamponade is an effective and safe treatment option in persistent ocular hypotony. Although repeated surgeries might be necessary, there is evidence to support further studies to evaluate its role.
Genome-Wide Identification and Investigation of MST Gene Family Based on Their Evolution and Expression Analysis under Abiotic Stress and Hormone Treatments in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Zhu Jialun , Li Tianfeng , Ma Jing , Li Wenyu , Zhang Hanyu , Nadezhda Tsyganova , Zhu Yanshu , Dong Xiaomei , Li Cong , Fan Jinjuan
Published: August 2023

Background Monosaccharide transporter (MST) family, as a carrier for monosaccharide transport, plays an important role in carbon partitioning and widely involves in plant growth and development, stress response, and signaling transduction. However, little information on the MST family genes is reported in maize (Zea mays), especially in response to abiotic stresses. In this study, the genome-wide identification of MST family genes was performed in maize. Result A total of sixty-six putative members of MST gene family were identified and divided into seven subfamilies (including SPT, PMT, VGT, INT, pGlcT, TMT, and ERD) using bioinformatics approaches, and gene information, phylogenetic tree, chromosomal location, gene structure, motif composition, andcis-acting elements were investigated. Eight tandem and twelve segmental duplication events were identified, which played an important role in the expansion of the ZmMST family. Synteny analysis revealed the evolutionary features of MST genes in three gramineous crop species. The expression analysis indicated that most of the PMT, VGT, and ERD subfamilies members responded to osmotic and cadmium stresses, and some of them were regulated by ABA signaling, while only a few members of other subfamilies responded to stresses. In addition, only five genes were induced by NaCl stress in MST family. Conclusion These results serve to understand the evolutionary relationships of the ZmMST family genes and supply some insight into the processes of monosaccharide transport and carbon partitioning on the balance between plant growth and development and stress response in maize.
The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment Between Workplace Bullying and Turnover Intention Among Clinical Nurses in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Xia Guili , Zhang Yi , Dong Ling , Huang Fengtao , Pu Yao , Luo Jiang , Chen Yi-ping , Lei Zhengxia
Published: August 2023

Background: As a major occupational stressor, workplace bullying has become a hot issue in occupational and health psychology research. Previous studies have shown that workplace bullying has a significant impact on turnover intentions, but few studies to date have addressed this topic among nurses. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between workplace bullying and turnover intention among clinical nurses in China.
Methods: Participants were recruited from hospitals in China from December 2, 2021 to February 25, 2023, using convenience sampling. Clinical nurses (n = 585) from different nursing departments completed the Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Negative Acts Qestionnaire, Chinese Workers’ Organizational Commitment Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses and structural equation model were adopted to analyze the data.
Results: Results revealed that workplace bullying was significantly negatively correlated with organizational commitment (r=−0.512, P＜0.01) and significantly positively correlated with turnover intention (r=0.558, P＜0.01) , organizational commitment was significantly negatively correlated with turnover intention (r=−0.539, P＜0.01). Workplace bullying could negatively predict organizational commitment (β = −0.641, P < 0.001) and positively predict turnover intention (β =−0.437, P＜0.001), organizational commitment could negatively predict turnover intention (β=−0.437, P＜0.01）. Mediation analysis indicated organizational commitment partially mediated the association between workplace bullying and turnover intention, with the mediating effect accounting for 38.36% of the total effect.
Conclusion: Nurses experienced high levels of workplace bullying and it is critical to predicting their turnover intention. Organizational commitment plays an intervening mechanism explaining how workplace bullying promotes turnover intention among nurses. Managers should focus on reducing the incidence of workplace bullying and increasing the level of organizational commitment of nurses in order to reduce their turnover intention and stabilize the nursing workforce.
The stability issue of fractured rock mass slope under the influences of freeze-thaw cycle
Authors: LIU Naifei , YANG Yinliang , LI Ning , LIANG Shihao , LIU Hua , LI Cheng
Published: August 2023

With the continuous promotion of the national western development strategy, as well as the revitalization of the Northeast old industrial base, many water conservation, transportation and mining projects are planned more frequently in permafrost regions at high altitudes and latitudes Rather than conventional geological areas. Because of the periodic changes in air temperature, the properties of geotechnical materials have changed greatly in permafrost regions, resulting in many new geotechnical engineering challenges. It is particularly difficult to evaluate the stability of open pit rock slopes and cutting rock slopes formed by excavation using conventional methods. Based on the theme that the essence of slope stability of fractured rock mass in cold region is the thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM) coupling affected by freeze-thaw cycle, this paper examines the stability of frozen rock slopes from the perspective of the failure mechanisms, types of failures, mechanical properties of low-temperature rock masses. On the base of the study of stability, this paper proposed the classification of frozen rock slopes and a time-varying evaluation method for the stability of frozen rock slope, which takes into account freeze-thaw damage of rock mass, rainfall infiltration in summer and crack propagation in winter, and the numerical simulation method is used for preliminary verification. This paper can deepen scholars' understanding of rock fracture slope in cold area and promote related research work.
Big data integration technology based Prediction of Sino-Korean cultural products trade
Authors: Liu jia
Published: August 2023

In order to better manage the trade in cultural products between China and South Korea, and solve the trade deficit problem, this paper focuses on the prediction method of trade in cultural products between China and South Korea based on big data integration technology. Various types of data in the process of trade in cultural products between China and South Korea are collected, to estimate and classify the controllable correlation index big data that affects trade prediction online, and determine the direction of trade data mining; Design association rule functions to determine available data sources. The available data are clustered using a hybrid data clustering algorithm based on integration technology and spectral clustering technology; Data features of Sino-Korean cultural product trade are mined through data matching principles, semantic analysis, and other methods. Taking trade data features as learning samples for trade forecasting, big data integration techniques are used, namely one-dimensional convolutional neural networks and support vector machines, respectively, to model and predict the trade in cultural products between China and South Korea, so as to obtain the final prediction results of trade in cultural products between China and South Korea through reasonable weighting. The experimental results show that under the conditions of setting the parameters of the prediction model, the method can accurately predict the trade situation of cultural products between China and South Korea. During the prediction process, the credibility measurement value and controllable correlation degree are always higher than 19 and 12.5, and the uncertainty discrimination degree and error coefficient are always lower than 12 and 6.
Genetic divergence between Brazilian Northern and Northeastern populations of Spondias mombin revealed with SNP markers
Authors: Silva Allison Vieira , Garcia Caroline Bertocco , Carvalho Igor Araújo Santos , Nascimento Wellington Ferreira , Ramos Santiago Linorio Ferreyra , Rodrigues Doriane Picanço , Zucchi Maria Imaculada , Costa Flaviane Malaquias , Alves-Pereira Alessandro , Batista Carlos Eduardo de Araújo , Silva Edson Ferreira da , Veasey Elizabeth Ann
Published: August 2023

Spondias mombin L. (family Anacardiaceae) is an arboreal and allogamous fruit tree native from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil, with great potential for economic exploitation. This study aimed to evaluate the structure and genomic diversity of yellow mombin in Brazil’s North and Northeast regions using SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) markers. Significant genetic divergence was observed in the clustering analysis and dendrogram construction between the North and Northeast regions. The Mantel test identified a high positive and significant correlation (r = 0.78; p < 0.001), indicating isolation by distance. In the genetic diversity analysis, populations from the North Region presented a greater number of alleles (2.722, on average) and genetic diversity (HE = 0.1860) regarding the populations from the Northeast Region (2.509 alleles and HE = 0.1059). Although presenting greater genetic diversity, the North Region had a positive inbreeding coefficient (f) in three of the four studied populations, ranging from 0.0855 to 0.2421. The results obtained contribute to the understanding of the distribution of genetic variation and the conservation status of the yellow mombin populations in the two regions; they could also be used as a subsidy for developing conservation strategies and the genetic improvement of this species.
Simulation of a control method for active kinesiotherapy with an upper extremity rehabilitation exoskeleton without force sensor
Authors: Falkowski Piotr , Jeznach Kajetan
Published: August 2023

Exoskeleton-aided active rehabilitation is a process that requires sensing and acting upon the motion intentions of the user. Typically, force sensors are used for this. However, they increase the weight and cost of these wearable devices. This paper presents the methodology for detecting users' intentions only with encoders integrated with the drives. It is based on comparing the measured motion with the one computed with the idealised model of the multibody system. The investigation assesses the method's performance and its robustness to model and measurement inaccuracies, as well as patients' unintended motions. Moreover, the PID parameters are selected to provide the optimal regulation based on the dynamics requirements. The research proves the presented concept of the control approach. For all the tests with the final settings, the system reacts to a change in the user's intention below one second and minimises the changes in proportion between the system's acceleration and the generated user's joint torque.
PACS: 0000, 1111
2000 MSC: 0000, 1111
The Effects of International Remittances on Households’ Internet Access
Authors: Otame Lucky
Published: August 2023

International remittances are said to provide a lifeline for households in developing nations by boosting their welfare in several respects, such as consumption and healthcare, because of a lack of enough financing or insufficiency of it. However, many households are unable to access and use the internet for activities that would improve their welfare, despite the rising amounts of remittances to Nigeria that reached at $25 billion in 2018. An investigation becomes necessary because there is still a dearth of substantial literature on the topic. This study, therefore, assesses the relationship between overseas remittances and households' access to and usage of the Internet for welfare-enhancing activities. For the analysis, which used the probit model and logit regression, the World Bank's 2015/2016 General Household Survey (GHS) data for Nigeria were used. In comparison to local sources like profits, the findings show that remittances have a minor influence on households' decision to connect to and utilise the internet for things like e-trading and other internet-enabled transactions. The results also show that, compared to their urban counterparts, rural households have a 22% worse ability to access and use the internet, with owning a mobile device (such as a phone) being the single most important factor affecting a household's ability to access the internet. To address the issue, the report suggests that local councils house digital education sessions for rural families, subsidise the purchase of mobile phones for low-income households, and improve rural infrastructural decays.
Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil Surrounding an Electroplating factory in JiaXing, China
Authors: Liu Tingting , Wang zhen
Published: August 2023

A total of 30 samples from the downwind direction of a certain electroplating company in Jiaxing were collected in layers to analyze their heavy metal content. The soil risk assessment was conducted from the perspective of ecological and human health risks using the ground accumulation index method and human health risk assessment method. The results showed that in all samples, cadmium and arsenic far exceeded the soil background values, with an average exceeding multiple of 14.31 and 64.42, respectively, and a exceeding rate of 100%. After evaluation by the ground accumulation index, among these six heavy metals, arsenic and cadmium belong to extremely serious pollution levels. The human health risk assessment of electroplating plants found that in the exposure risk assessment, the consumption value was much greater than the harm caused by breathing and skin, and the maximum exposure damage value of arsenic to children and adults was 4.17×10− 3, among the carcinogenic risks, the risk brought by consumption is much greater than the respiratory and skin carcinogenic risk index, with the highest value score of 3.37 for cadmium, arsenic, and zinc carcinogenic risks 3.37×10− 6 、 2.42×10− 3 、1.10 ×10− 4。
Antiemetic activity of Fosaprepitant as a rescue agent in patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting after orthopedic surgery
Authors: Saleh Jawad N.
Published: August 2023

Background:
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common postoperative complication in the orthopedic surgical setting which may result in significant consequences. Many agents exist for PONV prophylaxis but rescue options remains a big challenge. Fosaprepitant has been studied in PONV prophylaxis but‘evidence for use of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1 RA) for PONV rescue is lacking. Assessing fosaprepirant as a rescue agent for PONV in the orthopedic surgical population was warranted.
Methods:
In this single center retrospecitve chart review, the antiemetic activity of fosaprepitant (selective NK1 receptor antagonist) was investigated as a rescue agent for PONV in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Based on the institutional protocol, fosaprepitant was only utilized in patients who experienced PONV with an existing history of PONV or when 2 antiemtic agents were exhausted with no success in the postoperative period. Chart reviews, progress notes, electronic message requests, pyxis medication removal reports and clinical interventions were utilized to assess emesis relief. The primary outcome was to assess fosprepipant’s effect as a rescue agent for PONV in the orthopedic surgical setting.
Results:
A total of 383 patients (over a 12 month period) were approved based on the hospital protocol to receive fosaprepitant as a rescue agent. Out of the 383 patients, 286 had relief with fosaprepitant, with 196 patients not requiring further antiemetic therapy. Patient demographs, anesthesia type, additional medications and surgical types were all assessed thoroughly. Three of the surgical types showed the potential significance for fosaprepirtant PONV relief: Sports management and shoulder 81% (p = 0.0012), Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement 78% (<0.0001), Spine 66% (p = 0.015),
Conclusion:
The data shows their may be potential for utilizing fosaprepitant as a rescue agent for PONV in the orthopedic setting. A bigger study with a larger sample size is encouraged.
Electropolishing of AISI 316L: Effect on surface characteristics and corrosion behavior
Authors: Colombo Diego , Carro Ignacio , Catellani Carolina , Ceré Silvia
Published: August 2023

The surface characteristics and corrosion behavior of electropolished AISI 316L stainless steel specimens were analyzed. The influence of the electropolishing process parameters (voltage, temperature, time, cathode material, cathode geometry and cathode-anode distance) was also evaluated using an electrolyte composed of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and water. The surface characteristics of the specimens were determined by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, microindentation tests and contact profilometry. Corrosion tests were carried out, using 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution as corrosive medium. The results obtained indicated that the electropolishing process on AISI 316L greatly reduces the values of the roughness parameters of the samples when proper parameters are used. However, the waviness exhibits a more irregular behavior. The use of stainless steel cathodes instead of copper cathodes, allows obtaining surfaces with less roughness. Electropolishing produces the elimination of the deformed surface layer and, if present, of the martensite phase. This results in a decrease of surface hardness. The corrosion resistance of AISI 316L increases after the electropolishing process. In the case of revolution specimens, greater homogeneity is obtained in the values of roughness parameters by using a cylindrical cathode concentric with the specimen, instead of flat cathodes.