bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovációk térszerkezet-módosító hatásainak főbb összefüggései
Authors: Ökrös Imre , Nagy Henrietta , Káposzta József
Published: September 2017

Az innovációk térszerkezet-módosító hatásai manapság kétségtelenül az érdeklődés középpontjában állnak, mivel a területi különbségek csökkentése elsődleges minden nemzeti kormányzat számára. Mivel már napjainkra a városi élet jellemző problémáit is érintik a területfejlesztés e sürgető problémái, így jelentősen sokan foglalkoznak már ezzel a témával. A jobb gazdasági feltételek és stratégiák iránti vágy egyik alapja az a felismerés volt, hogy folyamatossá válhat a regionális hanyatlás és a térbeli gazdasági, társadalmi válság állandósulhat. Az innovatív fejlesztések mögött egyre inkább az a felismerés rejlik, hogy a nyugat-európai államok területeinek gazdasági bázisát a feszített verseny és a technológiai váltás veszélyezteti. Összességében jól látható, hogy az innovációk bevezetésével megvalósított regionális fejlesztések, hosszú távú megoldásokat adhatnak a térszerkezet változásához.
P53 codon 72 polymorphism and its association with cervical cancer
Authors: Priyanka A.Pavani , Latha A.Asha , Jayasri mukhi Y. , Lakshmi J.vijaya
Published: September 2017

Cervical cancer frequently associated with multiple HPV types. Recent report suggests that a polymorphism of thep53 tumor suppressor gene that results in the substitution of a proline residue with an arginine at position 72 protein,it act as a risk factor in HPV associated malignancies. The present study, we examined the genotypic frequency ofthis polymorphisms in 24 patients with cervical cancer using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to detectedP53 polymorphism at 72 codon. The frequency distribution of genotypes in cervical cancer patients as 29%(7tumors) for the arginine/arginine allele, 63% (15 tumors) for the heterozygous arginine/proline status, and 8% (2tumors) for the proline/proline allele respectively. Allele frequencies of proline and arginine at 72 codon of P53gene in proline (0.400) and arginine (0.600) in cervcal cancer patients. Statistically significant difference wasobserved between the Proline/proline, arginine/arginine and proline/arginine genotypes in cervical cancer tumors(x2=16.125; p=0.003). In our result p53 codon72 Arg homozygosites has been associated with increased riskdeveloping cervical cancer. The present study reports P53 codon 72 arginine homozygosity constitutes a risk factorfor the development of invasive cervical carcinoma.In conclusion, the P53 arginine represents a potential risk for cervical cancer development.Key words: cervical cancer , p53,codon 72 polymorphism, HPV
Culture as Mediatization: Edward T. Hall’s Ecological Approach
Authors: Granatta Paolo
Published: September 2017

This article aims to present a review of Edward T. Hall’s ethnographic and anthropological research to critically look at mediatization as a complex cultural process. This implies an explicit support of linguistic relativism and cultural materialism. Hall’s belief in linguistic relativism led him to further research the communication processes by relying on a meditation that directly resulted from the anthropological research conducted by Sapir and Whorf in line with Boas’ tradition. Hall realized that the principles dened in relation with the study of languages and interpersonal communication could be applied with equally good results to the study of human behavior in general or to the entirety of cultural facts and culture in general.

Moreover, he develops his concept of culture from a strictly ecological perspective or the idea that it results from the special connection between man and his environment. Thall’s approach combines and mixes within a systemic view of culture both the cultural materialism advocated by Harris and White and the cognitivist tradition founded by Boas. This article shows the essence of Hall’s ecological approach according to which culture is conceived as a whole: a dynamic system, a coherent process of mediatization within which all the elements are deeply connected and therefore co-dependent.
Eosinophil cationic protein and histamine production by neutrophils from patients with periodontitis
Authors: Ribas David , Fernández‐Carranco M. Carmen , Hajji Nabil , Bobadilla Pedro , Monteseirín Javier
Published: September 2017

Background

Periodontitis develops through an inflammatory process caused by an infection at the microbial biofilm, followed by tissue destruction mediated by leukocytes, which cause clinically significant destruction of connective tissue and bone. Several elements derived from the bacteria cause the inflammatory response and the release of mediators involved in destruction of the periodontium. There are number of inflammatory mediators released by leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, upon bacterial challenge. Neutrophils produce and release eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and histamine, two important inflammatory mediators; however, their role has not been characterized in periodontal inflammation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether neutrophils from patients with periodontitis can produce ECP and histamine in response to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs).

Methods

ECP and histamine production in response to LPSs was analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of the histidine decarboxylase and ECP was also analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy in neutrophils from patients with periodontitis in response to LPS.

Results

It was found that neutrophils from patients with periodontitis express higher levels of histidine decarboxylase and ECP than those from healthy volunteers, and they also release higher levels of histamine.

Conclusion

Findings described could represent new knowledge indicating neutrophils as a source of histamine and ECP in the progression of periodontitis.
Modelo sócio-cognitivo para a escolha de carreira: o papel da auto-eficácia e de outras variáveis relevantes
Authors: Nunes Maiana Farias Oliveira , Noronha Ana Paula Porto
Published: September 2017

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar a Teoria Sócio-Cognitiva aplicada ao contexto do desenvolvimento de carreira e ilustrar suas aplicações em pesquisas realizadas em diferentes contextos. O foco do artigo residiu na explanação de variáveis importantes para a realização da escolha profissional, que auxiliam na motivação para a realização deste comportamento. Foram abordados os elementos pessoais, contextuais e de aprendizagem que auxiliam na formação das crenças de auto-eficácia e das expectativas de resultado que, conseqüentemente, influenciam a formação dos interesses profissionais, considerados elementos essenciais na motivação para a escolha de áreas profissionais específicas. Com base na revisão da literatura da área, verificou-se que esse referencial foi replicado em populações de diferentes etnias, de variadas fases do desenvolvimento vocacional, em estudos transversais e longitudinais, com pessoas de ambos os sexos e de níveis sócio-econômicos distintos. Desse modo, destaca-se a utilidade desde modelo para a compreensão da tomada de decisão no âmbito vocacional.
Motivação para aprender: validação dum programa de estratégias para adolescentes com insucesso escolar
Authors: Pocinho Margarida
Published: September 2017

Este artigo apresenta a concepção e validação dum Programa de estratégias de motivação para a aprendizagem para adolescentes com insucesso escolar. Trata-se duma pesquisa quasi-experimental, com pré e pós-teste, grupos de controle (GC) e experimental (GE), na faixa etária dos 14-15 anos a frequentar o 9º ano de escolaridade. Avaliou-se o efeito do programa na auto-estima, atribuições causais de sucesso, hábitos de estudo, rendimento escolar e opiniões dos professores. O programa inclui também perfis de interesses profissionais dos alunos. Inclui ainda perfis dos professores que melhor podem motivar os alunos para aprender, tendo em conta as variáveis acima descritas. O GE (n=110) melhorou significativamente comparativamente ao GC (n=99) indicando que o Programa traz benefícios em termos de motivação para aprender escolares e, consequentemente, benefícios em termos de sucesso académico e pessoal, nomeadamente, aos estudantes portugueses com insucesso escolar.
L’inversion des principes du contrat administratif
Authors: Martins Thomas Passos
Published: September 2017

Cet article vise à nuancer le postulat traditionnel selon lequel le contrat administratif serait le siège privilégié d’une égalité profitant à l’administration, par opposition à un contrat civil tenu pour un parangon d’égalité. L’examen du droit des contrats administratifs révèle en effet que l’exorbitance peut également se traduire par des sujétions qui s’imposent à l’administration contractante ainsi que par des droits exorbitants octroyés au cocontractant. D’autre part, il convient de souligner que la mutabilité peut se manifester sous une autre forme que la modification unilatérale et ainsi favoriser l’égalité. C’est notamment le cas de l’imprévision fondée sur le droit à l’équilibre financier. Par ailleurs, il importe de rappeler que c’est un besoin grandissant d’équité et de justice contractuelle qui explique l’évolution récente de la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation à admettre la théorie de l’imprévision dans le cadre des relations entre particuliers, atténuant ainsi l’opposition classique entre contrats administratif et privé.
Direito Administrativo e inovação: limites e possibilidades
Authors: Mendonça José Vicente Santos de
Published: September 2017

O texto, num primeiro momento, articula o que poderia ser a ideia de “inovação” no Direito Administrativo brasileiro. Então, sugere sua principal hipótese: a de que o papel representado pela lei, pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência de Direito Administrativo operam ora como instrumentos de inovação, ora como agentes de bloqueio. Portanto, considerando que inovação é uma característica desejada de sistemas sociais complexos, deve haver algum ganho na promoção da inovação a partir da perspectiva da doutrina, dos juízes e dos legisladores em matéria de Direito Administrativo.
El derecho al olvido y a la protección de datos personales en Uruguay
Authors: Schiavi Pablo
Published: September 2017

Los desarrollos doctrinarios y jurisprudenciales sobre el “derecho al olvido” se encuadran en los permanentes desafíos que la actual era digital con una sociedad hiperconectada e hiperinformada le impone al Derecho y a las distintas regulaciones. El “derecho al olvido” deber ser analizado en el contexto de la protección de datos personales en internet y en  las redes sociales con especial acento en el necesario equilibrio entre modernización y garantía del derecho del ciudadano a preservar el control sobre sus datos personales y la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías de la información. El “derecho al olvido”, en tanto proyección de los derechos de supresión y oposición de los datos, no deber ser interpretado como sinónimo de “borrar” o de “ocultar” determinada información referida a una persona, aunque su consagración apunta al derecho del titular del dato a que su información personal no permanezca de manera indefinida y permanente, y de fácil acceso, en las redes sociales e internet. Debemos ser muy cuidadosos en señalar que el derecho al olvido no puede interpretarse como contrario a la transparencia aunque debemos trabajar en soluciones y fórmulas que nos permitan respetar el derecho de una persona a que sus datos no permanezcan en forma indefinida en internet vinculados a hechos o acontecimientos de su vida negativos e incluso positivos y que suponen una condena social permanente en las redes sociales e internet.
The transformation of State and Law institutions in the information society
Authors: Bachilo Illaria , Shmakov Maksim
Published: September 2017

The current article deals with the problems of scientific and academic study of the transformation of state and legal institutions within the framework of the information society of the 21st century. The objective reasons for the changes in the meaning of the concepts "state" and "law" are being examined, as    well as governance problems on a national and global scale; transformation of governance processes due to the use of ICT in the development of state and law systems; the significance of the obtained results for the legal support of information security.The current article deals with the problems of scientific and academic study of the transformation            of state and legal institutions within the framework of the information society of the 21st century. The     objective reasons for the changes in the meaning of the concepts "state" and "law" are being examined, as       well as governance problems on a national and global scale; transformation of governance processes due to         the use of ICT in the development of state and law systems; the significance of the obtained results for the          legal support of information security.
O direito à participação popular como expressão do Estado Social e Democrático de Direito
Authors: Hey Melo Juliane Andrea de Mendes , Schier Adriana da Costa Ricardo
Published: September 2017

O artigo visa investigar o direito à participação como um elemento do Estado Social e Democrático de Direito, de modo a proporcionar pequena contribuição à discussão sobre o tema. Analisa-se o direito à participação nos termos em que foi consagrado na Constituição Federal, com o intuito de demonstrar a sua fundamentalidade. Pretende-se, a partir daí, delimitar a influência do direito à participação no Estado Social e Democrático de Direito.
Fundamentos para a adoção de um modelo preventivo de responsabilização civil do Estado
Authors: Faria Luzardo
Published: September 2017

Embora a doutrina tradicional sempre tenha considerado o dano como elemento essencial da responsabilidade civil do Estado, defende-se que, seguindo o que já foi feito no âmbito do Direito Civil e do Direito Ambiental, essa matéria deve passar por uma revisão nesse ponto, a fim de que se possam instituir meios de prevenção – e não só de repressão – desses danos, também na seara do Direito Administrativo. Nesse sentido, defende-se a aplicação, em face da Administração Pública, da tutela contra o ilícito (tutela inibitória e tutela de remoção do ilícito), prevista no art. 497, parágrafo único, do Código de Processo Civil. Exatamente por não levar em consideração o dano, a tutela contra o ilícito pode ser utilizada como instrumento eficiente para fazer com que o Estado, antes de causar o dano, previna-o, através da imposição, ao Poder Público, de uma obrigação de fazer ou de não fazer que corrija a atitude ilícita e/ou antijurídica.
A Short Introduction to Topological Quantum Computation
Authors: Lahtinen Ville , Pachos Jiannis
Published: September 2017

This review presents an entry-level introduction to topological quantum computation -- quantum computing with anyons. We introduce anyons at the system-independent level of anyon models and discuss the key concepts of protected fusion spaces and statistical quantum evolutions for encoding and processing quantum information. Both the encoding and the processing are inherently resilient against errors due to their topological nature, thus promising to overcome one of the main obstacles for the realisation of quantum computers. We outline the general steps of topological quantum computation, as well as discuss various challenges faced by it. We also review the literature on condensed matter systems where anyons can emerge. Finally, the appearance of anyons and employing them for quantum computation is demonstrated in the context of a simple microscopic model -- the topological superconducting nanowire -- that describes the low-energy physics of several experimentally relevant settings. This model supports localised Majorana zero modes that are the simplest and the experimentally most tractable types of anyons that are needed to perform topological quantum computation.
Pronóstico productivo de la avena forrajera de temporal por efecto del cambio climático en el noroeste de Chihuahua, México
Authors: Villazón Bustillos Daniel , Rubio Arias Héctor Osbaldo , Ochoa Rivero Jesús Manuel , De la Mora Celia
Published: September 2017

El cambio climático puede afectar la productividad de los cultivos en una región determinada. El objetivo fue identificar la variabilidad en la producción de avena forrajera (Avena sativa L.) de temporal utilizando una función estocástica y analizar sus relaciones con la temperatura y precipitación, ante escenarios de cambio climático en la región noroeste de Chihuahua, México. Se obtuvo información estadística de 13 años (2001-2013) en las estaciones meteorológicas de los municipios de Bachíniva y Namiquipa utilizando la información de julio, agosto y septiembre, en cuyo periodo se concentra alrededor del 80% de la precipitación anual. Se tomó información del modelo HadCM3 (Modelo acoplado del Centro Hadley versión 3, 2001) que describe el comportamiento de variables climáticas bajo escenarios de emisión de contaminantes A2 y B2 para los años 2050 y 2080. Los cambios en las variables climáticas en el corto plazo (2050) se esperan con un aumento tanto en la temperatura como en la precipitación, lo que permite en el caso de Bachíniva mejorar la producción de avena de 3.57 t/ha a 8.11 t/ha bajo en escenario de emisión de contaminantes A2. A largo plazo (2080) se espera un incremento permanente en la temperatura y sin importar que tanto mejore la precipitación, esto provocara que en las actuales regiones productoras de avena no se logren desarrollar los cultivos para su cosecha.
Estimación de las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas de los genes CAPN1 Y CAST asociados a la calidad de la carne en bovinos de la Cuenca del Papaloapan
Authors: Desgarennes Alcalá Carmen Monserrat , Del Moral Ventura Sandra , Meza Villalvazo Victor Manuel , Peña Castro Julián Mario , Zárate Martínez Juan Priciliano , Abad Zavaleta José
Published: September 2017

El ganado de doble propósito es aquel utilizado para producir carne y leche. Generalmente es el producto del cruce de razas de origen Cebú x europeas y/o Criollo. Este grupo genético se ha adaptado a las condiciones climáticas de temperatura, humedad, baja calidad de pastos y clases de parásitos que prevalecen en las regiones tropicales. En este trabajo, se realizó un escrutinio molecular para observar la frecuencia de dos polimorfismos del gen de la μ-calpaína (CAPN1-316, CAPN1-530) y uno del gen de la calpastatina (CAST), asociados a la suavidad de la carne en ganado bovino de doble propósito de la Cuenca del Papaloapan. Las pruebas se basaron en Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) y Polimorfismos de la Longitud de Fragmentos de Restricción (RFLPs) con las enzimas de restricción Btg I, Ava II y Rsa I para los alelos C-G, A-G y C-G, respectivamente (n=331). Para CAPN1-316 las frecuencias genotípicas obtenidas fueron de 0.03 (AA), 0.86 (GG) y 0.11 (GA) y las frecuencias alélicas fueron 0.86 (G) y 0.14 (A). Para el marcador CAPN1-530 las frecuencias genotípicas fueron de 0.02 (CC), 0.85 (GG) y 0.13 (GC), con una frecuencia alélica de 0.85 para G y 0.15 para C. Las frecuencias genotípicas para el marcador CAST fueron de 0.32 (CC), 0.28 (GG) y 0.4 (GC), con una frecuencia alélica de 0.68 para el alelo G y 0.32 para el alelo C. La población en estudio no se encontró en equilibrio Hardy Weinberg y los valores de χ2P con dos grados de libertad fueron de 0.964, 0.985 y 0.9803 para CAPN1-316, CAPN1-530 y CAST, respectivamente. De acuerdo con el porcentaje de la genotipificación de los marcadores en los genes CAPN1 y CAST se concluye que la población analizada tiene bajos índices de marcadores para la suavidad o terneza de la carne, probablemente por las cruzas no dirigidas que se realizan habitualmente, de esta forma se propone, mejorar la calidad de la carne en base a programas de mejoramiento genético dirigido utilizando los animales genéticamente superiores resultantes de este estudio.
Wykorzystanie obrazowania rezonansem magnetycznym w radioterapii (planowanie leczenia i procedury IGRT) oraz związana z tym rola elektroradiologa
Authors: Czajka Elżbieta
Published: September 2017

Wykorzystanie rezonansu magnetycznego (ang. magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) w radioterapii jest często poruszanym zagadnieniem w ostatnich latach. Osobny blok wystąpień poświęcony temu tematowi pojawił się również w części programu dedykowanej elektroradiologom na 3rd ESTRO FORUM. Podczas wystąpień omówiono trzy obszary, w których możliwe jest wykorzystanie rezonansu magnetycznego w radioterapii, tj. 1) akwizycja obrazów niezbędnych do planowania leczenia 2) planowanie leczenia w systemie komputerowym w oparciu o obrazowanie rezonansem magnetycznym oraz 3) realizacja leczenia na aparacie terapeutycznym. Zastąpienie w łańcuchu terapeutycznym przede wszystkim tomografii komputerowej (ang. computed tomography, CT) ale również w dalszym etapie innych metod obrazowania, wykorzystujących promieniowanie rentgenowskie np. CBCT (ang. cone beam CT), MVCT (ang. mega voltage CT) lub kVCT (ang. kilo voltage CT) rezonansem magnetycznym, wprowadza do radioterapii tzw. „full-MR workflow”, czyli koncepcję radioterapii opartej wyłącznie o obrazowanie rezonansem magnetycznym. Analiza wybranych doniesień ma na celu przybliżenie czytelnikowi tego zagadnienia, omówienie jego zalet i potencjalnych ograniczeń, ale również umiejscowienie elektroradiologia w całym procesie radioterapeutycznym opartym o rezonans magnetyczny.
Apresentação
Authors: Ennes Marcelo Alario , Kulaitis Fernando
Published: September 2017

Apresentação
“ELE GINGA QUE NEM BRASILEIRO!”: TRANSNACIONALIZAÇÃO CULTURAL E A NEGOCIAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS DE SUBJETIVIDADE NA ALEMANHA
Authors: Fernandes Fabio Araujo
Published: September 2017

O artigo visa contribuir com o debate sobre o processo de transnacionalização cultural na contemporaneidade, como também a produção de identidade e as subjetividades deles possíveis, utilizando como foco o universo da capoeira e o seu deslocamento para a Alemanha. Movimento que teve início na década de 1970, com as apresentações de capoeira na Europa e Estados Unidos, influenciando os rumos desta prática cultural. O desafio deste artigo é lançar mão das experiências dos capoeiristas em seus processos de reconstrução de si e dos discursos sobre a capoeira, porém sem perder de vista as forças hegemônicas que atuam e impõem as “regras do jogo”. Dentro de uma visão interdisciplinar, foi priorizada uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo o método etnográfico como base metodológica de onde os tópicos mais significativos emergiriam como “fios” a serem puxados e aprofundados. Sendo assim, foi considerado como ponto fundamental os discursos dos próprios sujeitos da pesquisa, dos nossos diálogos e da minha experiência de campo de onde as disciplinas como Antropologia, História e Estudos das Migrações serviriam como suporte epistemológico para uma melhor contextualização das experiências vividas e significados produzidos, ou seja, para melhor dar conta dos lugares de fala apresentados. Os resultados da minha pesquisa apontam a uma exaustão do conceito de nação para definir identidades e culturas na contemporaneidade. Baseado em minha experiência e análise, defendo também que os alicerces do universo da capoeira são estabelecidos e legitimados como um espaço relacional de negociação simbólica “in Between”. Ao mesmo tempo me apropriei do termo “Capoeiragem” para denominar um modus operandi que seria o aspecto fundante do universo da capoeira que paradoxalmente, por seu posicionamento de fronteira, produz e mistura culturas.
MULTICULTURALISMO EM PERSPECTIVA COMPARADA: POLÍTICAS MIGRATÓRIAS E IDENTIDADE NACIONAL NO BRASIL E NO CANADÁ
Authors: Kulaitis Fernando
Published: September 2017

Este artigo objetiva verificar as tendências de uso da noção de multiculturalismo e seus reflexos na construção de identidades nacionais no Brasil e no Canadá, tendo como parâmetro de comparação o desenvolvimento de políticas migratórias, sobretudo as direcionadas aos processos de integração dos imigrantes à sociedade de acolhimento. Compara políticas migratórias brasileiras e canadenses em particular atenção às formas como cultura, raça e etnia foram utilizadas para categorizar grupos imigrantes como, por exemplo, os chamados quistos étnicos no Brasil e as minorias visíveis no Canadá. Verifica como diferentes contextos históricos traçaram o sentido de multiculturalismo para o Canadá enquanto no Brasil foi construída uma identidade nacional baseada no equilíbrio instável entre miscigenação e democracia racial, fazendo da etnicidade um móvel de disputa multicultural. Esta comparação permite analisar a influência das migrações internacionais, passadas e recentes, para concepção de multiculturalismo frente aos processos democráticos, ao mesmo tempo em que contempla os imigrantes como agentes de mudança social. Entretanto, o recorte aqui estabelecido tem como efeito desatender o papel e a posição dos indígenas no Brasil e dos povos autóctones no Canadá para os sentidos relacionais entre multiculturalismo e identidade nacional. Demonstra-se a necessidade do estabelecimento de uma nova agenda de pesquisa que realoque o multiculturalismo em um plano de análise que contemple a ligação intrínseca entre cultura e poder.
Anesthesia and Analgesia in the Patient with an Unstable Shoulder
Authors: Bambaren Ismael Acevedo , Dominguez Fernando , Elias Martin Maria Elena , Domínguez Silvia
Published: September 2017

Introduction:

The patient with an unstable shoulder represents a challenge for the anesthesiologist. Most patients will be young individuals in good health but both shoulder dislocation reduction, a procedure that is usually performed under specific analgesia in an urgent setting, and instability surgery anesthesia and postoperative management present certain peculiarities.

Material and Methods:

For the purpose of the article, 78 references including clinical trials and reviews were included. The review was organized considering the patient that presents an acute shoulder dislocation and the patient with chronic shoulder instability that requires surgery. In both cases the aspects like general or regional anesthesia, surgical positions and postoperative pain management were analyzed.

Conclusion:

The patient with an acutely dislocated shoulder is usually managed in the emergency room. Although reduction without analgesia is often performed in non-medical settings, an appropriate level of analgesia will ease the reduction procedure avoiding further complications. Intravenous analgesia and sedation is considered the gold standard but requires appropriate monitorization and airway control. Intraarticular local analgesic injection is considered also a safe and effective procedure. General anesthesia or nerve blocks can also be considered. The surgical management of the patient with shoulder instability requires a proper anesthetic management. This should start with an exhaustive preoperative evaluation that should be focused in identifying potential respiratory problems that might be complicated by local nerve blocks. Intraoperative management can be challenging, especially for patients operated in beach chair position, for the relationship with problems related to cerebral hypoperfusion, a situation related to hypotension events directly linked to patient positioning. Different nerve blocks will help attaining excellent analgesia both during and after the surgical procedure. An interescalene nerve block should be considered the best technique, but in certain cases, other blocks can be considered.
BIOACTIVITY STUDY OF MOSS DUMORTIERA HIRSUTA (SWAEGR.) NEES ETHANOLIC EXTRACT ON PARASITEMIC LEVEL OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI VINCKE AND LIPS, 1948 IN MICE (MUS MUSCULUS L.)
Authors: Fathoni Imam , Poerwanto S. Herry , Astuti R, R. Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning
Published: September 2017

Objective: Malaria is a major infectious disease in the world including Indonesia. The main problem in controlling malaria is its resistance by standard treatment. Dumortiera hirsuta has not been widely used by the public as an alternative medicine. Liverworts contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids one of which may reduce the level of Plasmodium in the blood.Methods: Moss was collected from Telaga Putri waterfall, Yogyakarta. Samples were extracted by using 96% ethanol. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used for detecting bioactive compounds. Peter's Suppressive Test method has been used for monitoring anti-plasmodial activities of moss extract in male SWISS Strain mice. The 107 P. berghei in 0.2 ml of DMSO were infected intraperitoneally for the treated mice (H0). There were 9 groups: 3 control groups, 1 placebo, and 5 treated groups on the 1st day (H1) until the 4th day (H4) D. hirsuta extract on 100; 200; 300; 400 and 500 mg/Kg BW doses were given orally.Results: The results of TLC showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins were detected in the extract of D. hirsuta. The most effective inhibition was showed at the dose 300 mg/Kg BW up to 96%, whether the control mice with chloroquine up to 77%.Conclusion: Ethanolic extract D. hirsutacould be potential source of an alternative antimalarial drug.
CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTIONS FROM SECONDARY METABOLITES OF STREPTOMYCES SP. GMY01 ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER MCF7 CELL LINES
Authors: Werdyani Sista , Wijayanti Nastiti , Fitria Annisa , Rahmawati Sari
Published: September 2017

Objective: This research aimed to fractionate the ethyl acetate extract from secondary metabolites of Streptomyces sp. GMY01 and to identify which fraction contains cytotoxic active compounds against human breast cancer MCF7 cell lines.Methods: Secondary metabolites were obtained from fermentation of Streptomyces Sp. GMY01 for 15 d. The supernatant containing these secondary metabolites was extracted through partition using ethyl acetate as the solvent. Fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract was conducted via column chromatography using silica gel as the solid phase while the gradient mobile phase consisted of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The cytotoxicity of each fraction was calculated using MTT-assay.Results: The ethyl acetate extract could be separated into 9 fractions using column chromatography. The cytotoxic effect of each fraction differed from each other. The smallest IC50 value was obtained from fraction 4. Further investigation should be conducted to discover the active anticancer compound. The active compound with cytotoxic effect was found in fraction 4 because of the highest IC50 value.Conclusion: This fraction is potential to be investigated more deeply as anticancer, especially for breast cancer.
PHARMACOECONOMIC EVALUATION FOR DENGUE VACCINE PRICING FOR MALAYSIA: TOWARDS AFFORDABILITY, COST EFFECTIVENESS AND SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Koh Hock Lye , Teh Su Yean , Noordin Noorliza M. , Sulaiman Lokman H.
Published: September 2017

Objective: Malaysian health ministry is currently evaluating the licensing of dengue vaccine Dengvaxia using a set of criteria including safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness. The purpose of this research is to formulate a model framework to assist transparent decision-making.Methods: To quantify the cost-effective price of vaccine, pharmacoeconomic evaluation models are commonly used. We review in this paper dengue economic burdens and pharmacoeconomic models, with particular reference to cost-effectiveness.Results: A major weakness in current pharmacoeconomic models is the omission of cost of vaccine production, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the market price. This paper proposes an inclusive model that yields a highly cost-effective threshold price of dengue vaccine at USD 5 per dose for Malaysia.Conclusion: At USD 5 per dose, Dengue vaccine will be fair, Affordable and sustainable.
CLINICAL PHARMACY IN GALLE SRI LANKA, COLLABORATION AND FRIENDSHIP
Authors: Morrissey Hana , Zawahir Shukry , Hettihewa Sujeewa , Ball Patrick
Published: September 2017

Pharmacy undergraduate courses in Ruhuna, while is more practice focus than many of the other courses in Sri Lanka, it is still missing clinical pharmacy elements. Collaboration between academic staff from Ruhuna University and two international clinical pharmacy academics was established in 2014. The aim of this paper is to report on a clinical pharmacy training program, delivered by the international academics and supported by the Sri Lankan academics to pharmacy students in 2015-2016. After short conceptualisation lecture on each topic, there was a workshop which was structured as team case-based learning progressive case studies. Topics included mental health, pharmacokinetics, interpreting laboratory results, parenteral drug compatibility, special hospital compounding and medication review, of which all were assessed in the final examination. Student found team based learning to be engaging and enabled them to independently and critically think in a safe environment and preferable over the traditional lectures.
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT FROM ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL SUBFRACTION OF CARRISA CARANDAS L TOWARD HELA CELLS BY IN VITRO TEST
Authors: Rahayu Mamik P. , Harjanti Reslely , Wahyuningsih Mae S. H. , . Supargiyono
Published: September 2017

Objective: Cervical cancer is a malignant type of cancer, often affects women, particularly in developing countries. Carrisa carandas leaves contained many secondary metabolites that had potency as an anticancer. The purpose of this study was to understand the cytotoxic effect of subfraction of Carrisa carandas leaves against HeLa cells.Methods: Chloroform fraction was separated by VLC gradually with n-hexane–chloroform–ethyl acetate and methanol. The same profiles from eluent chloroform–ethyl acetate composed fraction 18-26 were categorized as Fr4 and ethyl acetate-methanol composed fraction 27-30 as Fr5. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay on HeLa cellsResults: The result showed that the cytotoxic effect of subfraction Fr4 and Fr5 had IC50 values of 177 mg/ml and 98 mg/ml, respectively. Colorless crystal of Subfraction Fr 5-3 had IC50 value of 333 mg/ml. Subfraction Fr 5 showed effective cytotoxic activity than the others. Conclusion: It had chemo-preventive effect against cancer cellsConclusion: This study applied MTT (Microculture Tetrazolium) method by in vitro test. The advantages of this method are relatively rapid, sensitive and accurate
Achado citopatológico de formas amastigota de Leishmania spp. na língua de um canino: Relato de caso
Authors: Braz Paulo , Pereira Marinho Carolina , Marafon Souza Isabela , Bonato Xavier Marcos Eufrasio , Jaime Dourisboure Camilla , Braz Paulo Henrique
Published: September 2017

The objective of this work was to report a case of a dog naturally infected by Leishmania spp. Unclassified and unreported clinical behavior. The 4-year-old male, without a defined breed, was treated with a history of ulceration without a middle third of the tongue, measuring around 2 cm in diameter, with appearance 5 months ago. The cytopathological examination was determined for a vision of amastigote forms of Leishmania spp, being possible the diagnosis of leishmaniasis
Exames auxiliares como ferramenta no diagnóstico clínico veterinário
Authors: Osório Luiza , Antunes Tatiana de Ávila , Sabbado Mariana , Gil Luciana , Faria Renata Osório de , Cleff Marlete Brum , Ribeiro Carmem Lúcia , Meinerz Ana Raquel Mano
Published: September 2017

Considering the importance of medical tests and assistance in establishing the diagnosis veterinary practitioner, the text provides analysis of the relation between laboratory and veterinary use and how boths hould proceed toachieve their real goals of facilitators in the clinical diagnosis. In this context, it is high the fact that the clinical analysis complements in different pathological situations, and emphasizes the role of the veterinary practitioner as a contributor to these tests serve as an aid in their clinical routine.
Aminoácidos de cadeia ramificada na alimentação de suínos: Revisão
Authors: Diaz Laura Marcela , Huepa Laura Marcela Diaz , Toledo Juliana Beatriz , Monteiro Alessandra Nardina Tricia Rigo , Pozza Paulo Cesar , Sato Joyce
Published: September 2017

Protein is the component that most interferes with animal growth, influencing parameters such as weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. This organic component consists of polymerized units of amino acids, which are classified as essential and non-essential amino acids. The branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine and isoleucine) are part of the group of essential amino acids characterized by their branched chain structure, they are oxidized as fuel mainly by the muscular, adipose, renal and encephalic tissues, having the ability to directly influence the synthesis of protein, in addition to having a synergistic effect with insulin to stimulate the uptake of glucose by the cells. These characteristics are of interest to nutritionists who aim to optimize diets for pigs that meet the nutritional requirements of animals, improving production parameters and avoiding excess ingredients in diets to reduce environmental pollution. The objective of this review is to facilitate the knowledge and importance of branched chain amino acids in nutrition pigs.
Suplementação de aminoácidos essenciais em dietas de baixo nível proteico para leitões: Revisão
Authors: Diaz Laura Marcela , Toledo Juliana Beatriz , Diaz Laura Marcela , Grieser Daiane de Oliveira
Published: September 2017

In swine, the development of animal nutrition and a better understanding of protein metabolism makes it possible to optimize diets that meet nutritional requirements in protein and amino acids with a lower environmental impact. Proteins are essential nutrients that exhibit a variety of biological functions, participating primarily in muscle deposition, aiding in hormonal regulation and obtaining energy, and overeating or deficiencies of these can be reflected in plasma concentrations of variables such as urea, total proteins And creatinine which are considered good indicators to analyze the process of degradation of amino acids in the body. At present, the formulation of rations with an ideal profile of amino acids in addition to decreasing the nitrogen excretion allows to reduce the percentage of crude protein without affecting the performance variables of zootechnical importance. The objective of this review is to contribute to a better knowledge and understanding of the importance of essential amino acids in pig feed.
Acúmulo de forragem e morfogênese de Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça sob níveis de fósforo
Authors: Costa Newton , Costa Newton de Lucena , Jank Liana , Magalhães João Avelar , Gianluppi Vicente , Fogaça Fabíola Helena dos Santos , Bendahan Amaury Burlamaqui , Santos Francisco José de Seixas
Published: September 2017

The effect of phosphorus levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg of P2O5 ha-1) on green dry matter (GDM) yield and morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça was evaluated under field conditions. Phosphorus fertilization increased significantly GDM yields, P concentrations, density population of tillers (DPT), number of leaves plant-1 (NLP), medium blade length (MBL), leaf area index (LAI), leaf senescence rate (LSR), leaf appearance (LAR) and elongation rates (LER). Maximum GDM yields, LAR, LER, NT, NLT, LAI and MBL were obtained with the application of 96.1; 58.6; 69.8; 97.5; 64.4; 75.6 and 79.2 kg of P2O5 ha-1, respectively. The P critic level, related to 80% of GDM maximum production, was estimated at 1.692 g kg-1. The P efficiency utilization was inversely proportional to the P rates applied.
THE RELATION BETWEEN SELF-EFFICACY TOWARD MATH WITH THE MATH COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE
Authors: Rahmi Sylvia , Nadia Rifka , Hasibah Bibih , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy toward mathematics with mathematical communication competence. The design of this research is survey and correlation technique. The research instruments used in this research are math communication competence test and attitude scale. The instruments used are 5 questions about math communication competenca teat and 28 statements about self-efficacy. The research population is all student of SMP Negeri 1 Soreang. With samples of this research were 70 students of 7th grade student chosen by cluster random sampling. The data analyzed quantitatively done through math communication data and self-efficacy attitude scale. SPSS 20 used in this research. The result shows that student self-efficacy influences students math communication competence.
EditorialBoard63
Authors: Suen Vivian Marques Miguel
Published: September 2017

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Longitudinal Change in Fasting Blood Glucose and Myocardial Infarction Risk in a Population Without Diabetes
Authors: Jin Cheng , Chen Shuohua , Vaidya Anand , Wu Yuntao , Wu Zhijun , Hu Frank B. , Kris-Etherton Penny , Wu Shouling , Gao Xiang
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

To examine the change in fasting blood glucose (FBG) during repeated assessments over time and its potential impact on the risk of developing myocardial infarction (MI).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This prospective cohort study included 68,297 participants without diabetes (mean age 49 years) who were free of MI, stroke, and cancer prior to or in 2010 (baseline of the current analysis). FBG concentrations were measured in 2006, 2008, and 2010. The FBG trajectories during 2006–2010, the primary exposure of the current study, were identified by latent mixture modeling. Incident MI cases were confirmed via review of medical records by cardiologists.

RESULTS

We identified five discrete FBG trajectories according to FBG range and changing pattern over time: elevated-stable (n = 3,877), elevated-decreasing (n = 7,060), moderate-increasing (n = 10,298), moderate-stable (n = 40,352), and low-stable (n = 6,710). During 4 years of follow-up, we documented 283 incident MI cases. Relative to the moderate-stable pattern (FBG ranged from 4.9 to 5.1 mmol/L), adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.53 (95% CI 1.04, 2.26) for the elevated-stable pattern (FBG ranged from 6.1 to 6.3 mmol/L) and HR 0.61 (95% CI 0.38, 0.98) for the elevated-decreasing pattern (FBG decreased from 6.0 to 5.4 mmol/L), after adjustment for potential confounders such as age, sex, lifestyle factors, obesity, medical history, blood pressure, blood lipids, and C-reactive protein. Consistently, cumulative average and increasing rate of FBG during 2006–2010, but not a single baseline FBG, predicted future risk of MI.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that discrete FBG trajectories were significantly associated with subsequent risk of MI in individuals without diabetes. These observations suggest that long-term trajectories of FBG may be important for risk prediction of MI and possibly other macrovascular diseases.
Adquisición de las competencias específicas, mediante una docencia centrada en comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje / Acquisition of specific skills, through teaching focused on communities learning professionals
Authors: Hernández-Marín Gloria del Jesús , Castillo Ortega Sara E.
Published: September 2017

En este estudio se comparte una metodología de formación del Licenciado en Educación, mediante un modelo de docencia enfocado en comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje. El objetivo fue favorecer los procesos de aprendizaje de las competencias específicas que se prescriben en el perfil de egreso. 18 estudiantes de octavo semestre inscritos en el curso de prácticas profesionales y en el taller de análisis del trabajo docente de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen participaron en el estudio. El análisis de datos fue mixto y se sirvió de bitácoras de campo, cuestionarios de evaluación de desempeño, transcripciones de un grupo focal, cartas de liberación y registros de reflexiones de aprendizaje que se obtuvieron a través de las sesiones presenciales. Los resultados demuestran la pertinencia social de los perfiles de egreso y las tareas y problemáticas más frecuentes para los profesionales de la educación. El estudio sugiere revisar las competencias específicas (investigación educativa, evaluación, formación e innovación), ya que presentaron niveles mejorables de desempeño.
Un estudio sobre el uso de CAS como caja negra para el aprendizaje de factorizaciones
 A study on the use of CAS as a black box for the learning of factorization
Authors: González Maldonado Abigail , Sánchez Aguilar Mario
Published: September 2017

ResumenEn este artículo se reporta una investigación en la cual se intenta averiguar si los estudiantes pueden adquirir habilidades necesarias para realizar factorizaciones algebraicas, utilizando software matemático. Para contestar la interrogante de la investigación, se aplicaron actividades a estudiantes de nivel secundaria y bachillerato, donde debían calcular factorizaciones algebraicas con ayuda del software GeoGebra, posteriormente se les pedía que buscaran patrones en los resultados que arrojaba el software para poder generar una factorización general. Después de analizar los resultados de la experimentación se encontró́ que los estudiantes son capaces de producir factorizaciones algebraicas generales, aunque presentan ciertas dificultades. Este trabajo cierra haciendo una discusión de las implicaciones que pueden tener los resultados encontrados.AbstractThis paper describes a research study focused on finding out if mathematics students can acquire skills necessary to perform algebraic factorizations by using mathematical software. To answer the research question, a group of lower secondary school students and high school students were involved in mathematical activities where there should calculate algebraic factorizations using the software GeoGebra, then they were asked to look for patterns in the results generated by the software in order to produce a general factorization. After analyzing the results of the experimentation, it was found that students are able to produce general algebraic factorizations, but some of them have some difficulties in doing so. This work is closed by a discussion of the implications of the research results.
Spaces for Gender Equity in Australian Early Childhood Education in/Between Discourses of Human Capital and Feminism
Authors: Campbell Sheralyn , Smith Kylie , Alexander Kate
Published: September 2017

IN THIS ARTICLE WE use feminist post-structuralist concepts of discourse and relations of power to question how a neoliberal regime of truth in Australian early childhood education impacts educators currently working for gender equity with children, prior to their entry to schooling. We show how this regime of truth is endorsed and transferred in and by key documents of the Australian National Quality Framework (NQF) including the National Quality Standard (NQS) and the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF) in which discourses of universal rights, individual freedom and choice, and human capital dominate approaches to inclusion and diversity that govern gender equity work (ACECQA, 2011, 2017a, 2017b; DEEWR, 2009; NSW Education, 2016). Our article addresses how some educators use their understandings of feminism to negotiate spaces for gender equity work within the theoretical, political and ethical tensions arising in/between discourses that constitute this neoliberal regime of truth.