bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of climate impact on vegetation dynamics over East Africa from 1982 to 2015
Authors: Kalisa Wilson , Igbawua Tertsea , Henchiri Malak , Ali Shahzad , Zhang Sha , Bai Yun , Zhang Jiahua
Published: November 2019

Located across the equator, the East Africa region is among regions of Africa which have previously known the severe vegetation degradation. Some known reasons are associated with the climate change events and unprofessional agricultural practices. For this purpose, the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) version 3 NDVI (NDVI3g) and Climate Research Unit (CRU) datasets for precipitation and temperature were used to assess the impact of climate factors on vegetation dynamics over East Africa from 1982 to 2015. Pearson correlation of NDVI and climate factors were also explored to investigate the short (October - December) rainy seasons. The phenological metrics of the region was also extracted to understand the seasonal cycle of vegetation. The results show that a positive linear trend of 14.50 × 10−4 for mean annual NDVI before 1998, where as a negative linear trend of −9.64 × 10−4 was found after 1998. The Break Point (BP) was obtained in 1998, which suggests to nonlinear responses of NDVI to climate and non-climate drivers. ENSO-vegetation in El-nino years showed a weak teleconnection between ENSO and vegetation growth changes of croplands. Also, the analyzed correlations on NDVI data resulted to the higher correlation between NDVI and precipitation than that with temperature. The Hurst exponent result showed that about, 18.63% pixels exhibited a behavior, typical of random walk (H = 0.5) suggesting that NDVI growth changes may eventually persist, overturn or fluctuate randomly in the future depending on the drivers. Vegetation trends with sustainable (unsustainable) trends were 36.8% (44.6%). Strikingly, about 20% of the total vegetated area showed unsustainable trend from degradation to amelioration. More so, results reveal that the vegetation of the croplands (non-croplands) over East Africa changed insignificantly by 6.9 × 10−5/yr (5.16 × 10−4/yr), suggesting that non-croplands are fast getting reduced Nonetheless, the NDVI growth responses to monthly and seasonal changes in climate were adjudged to be complex and dynamic. Seasonally, the short rainy season showed the higher variability in NDVI than the long rainy season. Also, the DJF, MAM and SON seasons are strongly driven by precipitation variation effect of ENSO versus NDVI series.
Dendritic spine morphology and memory formation depend on postsynaptic Caskin proteins
Authors: Bencsik Norbert , Pusztai Szilvia , Borbély Sándor , Fekete Anna , Dülk Metta , Kis Viktor , Pesti Szabolcs , Vas Virág , Szűcs Attila , Buday László , Schlett Katalin
Published: November 2019

CASK-interactive proteins, Caskin1 and Caskin2, are multidomain neuronal scaffold proteins. Recent data from Caskin1 knockout animals indicated only a mild role of Caskin1 in anxiety and pain perception. In this work, we show that deletion of both Caskins leads to severe deficits in novelty recognition and spatial memory. Ultrastructural analyses revealed a reduction in synaptic profiles and dendritic spine areas of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons of double knockout mice. Loss of Caskin proteins impaired LTP induction in hippocampal slices, while miniature EPSCs in dissociated hippocampal cultures appeared to be unaffected. In cultured Caskin knockout hippocampal neurons, overexpressed Caskin1 was enriched in dendritic spine heads and increased the amount of mushroom-shaped dendritic spines. Chemically induced LTP (cLTP) mediated enlargement of spine heads was augmented in the knockout mice and was not influenced by Caskin1. Immunocytochemistry and immunoprecipitation confirmed that Shank2, a master scaffold of the postsynaptic density, and Caskin1 co-localized within the same complex. Phosphorylation of AMPA receptors was specifically altered by Caskin deficiency and was not elevated by cLTP treatment further. Taken together, our results prove a previously unnoticed postsynaptic role of Caskin scaffold proteins and indicate that Caskins influence learning abilities via regulating spine morphology and AMPA receptor localisation.
New carbon/ZnO/Li2O nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Diacon Aurel , Mocanu Alexandra , Răducanu Cristian Eugen , Busuioc Cristina , Șomoghi Raluca , Trică Bogdan , Dinescu Adrian , Rusen Edina
Published: November 2019

Our study was focused on the synthesis of photocatalytic materials for the degradation of organic dyes based on the valorization of biomass resources. The biochar resulted from pyrolysis process of cherry pits wastes was activated by CO2 flow. Activated and inactivated carbon was used to obtain carbon-based photocatalysts impregnated with different zinc salt precursors. The activation of carbon had no significant influence on the photodegradation process. The doping procedure used Li2CO3 and Zn(CH3COO)2 of different concentrations to impregnate the biochar. The carbon-ZnO-Li2O based nanomaterials were analysed by TEM and SEM, while the presence of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO was investigated by XRD. The solid samples were analysed by PL at 360 nm excitation fixed wavelength to correlate their morphology with the optical and photocatalytic properties. The presence of Li atoms led to photocatalytic activities of the doped ZnO similar to the undoped ZnO obtained at higher concentrations of zinc acetate precursor.
Large energy storage density performance of epitaxial BCT/BZT heterostructures via interface engineering
Authors: Sharma Amrit P. , Pradhan Dhiren K. , Pradhan Sangram K. , Bahoura Messaoud
Published: November 2019

We grew lead-free BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (BZT)/Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 (BCT) epitaxial heterostructures and studied their structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and energy density characteristics. The BZT/BCT epitaxial heterostructures were grown on SrRuO3 (SRO) buffered SrTiO3 (STO) single crystal substrate by optimized pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. These high-quality nanostructures exhibit high dielectric permittivity (∼1300), slim electric field-dependent polarization (P-E) curve with high saturation polarization (∼100 µC/cm2) and low remnant polarization (∼20 µC/cm2) through interface engineering to develop new lead-free ferroelectric system for energy storage devices. We observe an ultrahigh discharge and charge energy densities of 42.10 and 97.13 J/cm3, respectively, with high efficiency, which might be highly promising for both high power and energy storage electrical devices.
Serum N-glycan profiling is a potential biomarker for castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Teppei , Hatakeyama Shingo , Yoneyama Tohru , Tobisawa Yuki , Ishibashi Yusuke , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ito Hiroyuki , Nishimura Shin-Ichiro , Ohyama Chikara
Published: November 2019

We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of serum N-glycan profiling for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We retrospectively investigated serum N-glycan structural analysis by glycoblotting for 287 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 289 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PC), 57 patients with PC treated with androgen-deprivation therapy without disease progression (PC-ADT), and 60 patients with CRPC. N-Glycan profiling was compared between the non-CRPC (BPH, newly diagnosed PC and PC-ADT) and CRPC patients. We obtained the quantitative score for CRPC (CRPC N-glycan score) by discriminant analysis based on the combination of 9 N-glycans that were significantly associated with CRPC. The median CRPC N-glycan score was found to be significantly greater in CRPC patients than in non-CRPC patients. The CRPC N-glycan score could classify CRPC patients with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 87%, 69%, and 0.88, respectively. The CRPC N-glycan score >1.7 points was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with CRPC. The glycoprotein analysis showed that not immunoglobulins but α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were a potential candidate for the carrier protein of N-glycans. The overexpression of specific N-glycans may be associated with their castration-resistant status and be a potential biomarker for CRPC.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of developing bone mineral: from amorphous precursor to mature crystal
Authors: Querido William , Shanas No'ad , Bookbinder Sakina , Oliveira-Nunes Maria Cecilia , Krynska Barbara , Pleshko Nancy
Published: November 2019

The developing bone mineral is comprised by an amorphous component prior to apatite crystallization.
Synthesis of ammonia via electrochemical nitrogen reduction on high-index faceted Au nanoparticles with a high faradaic efficiency
Authors: Tan Lianqiao , Yang Na , Huang Xun , Peng Lishan , Tong Cheng , Deng Mingming , Tang Xianyi , Li Li , Liao Qiang , Wei Zidong
Published: November 2019

Au nanoparticles decorated with high-index facets were obtained by a modified seed method, which exhibits excellent NRR selectivity and activity with a record high faradaic efficiency of 73.32%.
An unprecedented N- to C-sulfonyl migration in the reaction of azomethine amine and allenoates: access to arylsulfonylmethyl substituted pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline and mechanistic studies
Authors: Ansari Arshad J. , Wani Aabid Abdullah , Maurya Antim K. , Verma Sarika , Agnihotri Vijai K. , Sharon Ashoke , Bharatam Prasad V. , Sawant Devesh M.
Published: November 2019

A serendipitous discovery of [1,3]-sulfonyl migration has been made in the two-component reaction of azomethine imine and allenoates.
Efficient and selective carbon–carbon coupling on coke-resistant PdAu single-atom alloys
Authors: Réocreux Romain , Uhlman Matthew , Thuening Theodore , Kress Paul , Hannagan Ryan , Stamatakis Michail , Sykes E. Charles H.
Published: November 2019

We demonstrate that PdAu single-atom alloy model catalysts offer a heterogeneous route to selective Würtz-type C–C coupling.
A cyotosol-selective nitric oxide bomb as a new paradigm of an anticancer drug
Authors: Park Dongsik , Im Sooseok , Saravanakumar Gurusamy , Lee Yeong Mi , Kim Jinhwan , Kim Kunho , Lee Junseok , Kim Jihoon , Kim Won Jong
Published: November 2019

Dual pH and redox-sensitive polymeric NO delivery micelles act as a cytosol-selective NO bomb for efficient anticancer therapy.
Visible-light unmasking of heterocyclic quinone methide radicals from alkoxyamines
Authors: Kielty Patrick , Farràs Pau , McArdle Patrick , Smith Dennis A. , Aldabbagh Fawaz
Published: November 2019

Controllable room-temperature visible-light activated nitroxide (TEMPO)-release from benzimidazolequinone alkoxyamines and bis-alkoxyamines.
An experimental and computational study into the crystallisation propensity of 2nd generation sulflower
Authors: Jensen Torsten T. , Hall Charlie L. , Potticary Jason , Andrusenko Iryna , Gemmi Mauro , Hall Simon R.
Published: November 2019

Persulfurated coronene cannot readily nucleate or crystallise due to its preference for face–face over edge–face interactions.
Carbon nanotube-encapsulated cobalt for oxygen reduction: integration of space confinement and N-doping
Authors: Wang Qichen , Ye Ke , Xu Liang , Hu Wei , Lei Yongpeng , Zhang Yi , Chen Yin , Zhou Kechao , Jiang Jun , Basset Jean M. , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong
Published: November 2019

The synergy between space confinement and N doping is demonstrated to further optimize the design of carbon-encapsulated electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries.
Seeking a novel energetic co-crystal strategy through the interfacial self-assembly of CL-20 and HMX nanocrystals
Authors: Zhang Menghua , Tan Yingxin , Zhao Xu , Zhang Jianhu , Huang Shiliang , Zhai Zhaohui , Liu Yu , Yang Zhijian
Published: November 2019

Solvent and heat induced self-assembly to CL-20/HMX co-crystals has been investigated. The mechanism towards such process could be concluded to nanoparticle inducing, oriented aggregation, surface integration and co-crystals assembly.
NiS nanosheets with novel structure anchored on coal-based carbon fibers prepared by electrospinning for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Tong Fenglian , Wu Xueyan , Jia Wei , Guo Jixi , Pan Yanliang , Lv Yan , Jia Dianzeng , Zhao Xiaojuan
Published: November 2019

Elm seed-like NiS/coal-based carbon fibers were rationally designed and synthesized via a multistep transformation approach for flexible supercapacitors.
Revisiting the spectroscopy of xanthine derivatives: theobromine and theophylline
Authors: Camiruaga Ander , Usabiaga Imanol , D’mello Viola C. , García Gustavo A. , Wategaonkar Sanjay , Fernández José A.
Published: November 2019

Methylation deeply influences the electronic excited state dynamics of xanthines.
Discordant nature of Cd in PbSe: off-centering and core–shell nanoscale CdSe precipitates lead to high thermoelectric performance
Authors: Cai Songting , Hao Shiqiang , Luo Zhong-Zhen , Li Xiang , Hadar Ido , Bailey Trevor P. , Hu Xiaobing , Uher Ctirad , Hu Yan-Yan , Wolverton Christopher , Dravid Vinayak P. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: November 2019

Off-centering and core–shell nanoscale CdSe precipitates lead to high thermoelectric performance for p-type, Te-free PbSe systems.
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-coated magnetic graphene oxide as a highly efficient nanocarrier: preparation, characterization, and targeted DOX delivery
Authors: Pourjavadi Ali , Kohestanian Mohammad , Yaghoubi Mahshid
Published: November 2019

Herein, we report the preparation of novel magnetic graphene oxide grafted with brush polymerviaSI-RAFT polymerization and its application as a nanocarrier for magnetic and pH-triggered delivery of DOX anticancer drug.
Fabrication of rGO nano-sheets wrapped on Ni doped ZnO nanowire p–n heterostructures for hydrogen gas sensing
Authors: Abdollahi Hassan , Samkan Mahmoud , Hashemi Mir Mehdi
Published: November 2019

This study demonstrates H2, NH3, C2H5OH and NO2 sensing properties of a Ni-doped-ZnO/rGO composite at optimized rGO wt% and temperature.
Impact of the donor substituent on the optoelectrochemical properties of 6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline amine derivatives
Authors: Singh Pooja S. , Badani Purav M. , Kamble Rajesh M.
Published: November 2019

An opto-electrochemical study of D–A based indolo-quinoxaline amine derivatives was performed by varying the strength of the amine substituent.
Insights into the role of the lead/surfactant ratio in the formation and passivation of cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Grisorio Roberto , Fanizza Elisabetta , Allegretta Ignazio , Altamura Davide , Striccoli Marinella , Terzano Roberto , Giannini Cinzia , Vergaro Viviana , Ciccarella Giuseppe , Margiotta Nicola , Suranna Gian Paolo
Published: November 2019

The lead/surfactant ratio controls the formation, composition and surface passivation of cesium lead bromide perovskite nanocrystals.
The visible-light-triggered regioselective alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones via decarboxylation coupling
Authors: Zhang Hongdou , Xu Jun , Zhou Min , Zhao Jianming , Zhang Pengfei , Li Wanmei
Published: November 2019

An efficient protocol to synthesize 3-alkylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones through photocatalytic decarboxylation coupling reactions of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N-hydroxyphthalimide ester was developed.
Bacterial glycans and their interactions with lectins in the innate immune system
Authors: Prado Acosta Mariano , Lepenies Bernd
Published: November 2019

Bacterial surfaces are rich in glycoconjugates that are mainly present in their outer layers and are of great importance for their interaction with the host innate immune system. The innate immune system is the first barrier against infection and recognizes pathogens via conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lectins expressed by innate immune cells represent an important class of PRRs characterized by their ability to recognize carbohydrates. Among lectins in innate immunity, there are three major classes including the galectins, siglecs, and C-type lectin receptors. These lectins may contribute to initial recognition of bacterial glycans, thus providing an early defence mechanism against bacterial infections, but they may also be exploited by bacteria to escape immune responses. In this review, we will first exemplify bacterial glycosylation systems; we will then describe modes of recognition of bacterial glycans by lectins in innate immunity and, finally, we will briefly highlight how bacteria have found ways to exploit these interactions to evade immune recognition.
Elucidating cyclic AMP signaling in subcellular domains with optogenetic tools and fluorescent biosensors
Authors: Klausen Christina , Kaiser Fabian , Stüven Birthe , Hansen Jan N. , Wachten Dagmar
Published: November 2019

The second messenger 3′,5′-cyclic nucleoside adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a key role in signal transduction across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cyclic AMP signaling is compartmentalized into microdomains to fulfil specific functions. To define the function of cAMP within these microdomains, signaling needs to be analyzed with spatio-temporal precision. To this end, optogenetic approaches and genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are particularly well suited. Synthesis and hydrolysis of cAMP can be directly manipulated by photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs) and light-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs), respectively. In addition, many biosensors have been designed to spatially and temporarily resolve cAMP dynamics in the cell. This review provides an overview about optogenetic tools and biosensors to shed light on the subcellular organization of cAMP signaling.
Data analytics framework for Industry 4.0: enabling collaboration for added benefits
Authors: Lazarova‐Molnar Sanja , Mohamed Nader , Al‐Jaroodi Jameela
Published: November 2019

Industry 4.0 is a promising vision for advancing the manufacturing sector through the recent innovations in information and Communication Technologies that enable collecting, storing, and processing detailed and accurate data about industry processes. This data enables manufacturers for data‐driven decision making to significantly improve their operations and profitability. Most of the large manufacturing enterprises can benefit from this as they can collect more data that can be utilised to enhance their decision‐making processes. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have limited data and resources, thus reducing the possible gains. However, if SMEs and small manufacturing facilities collaborate and share data, which is then jointly analysed, feasibility and quality of their data analytics and decision‐making processes could be significantly enhanced. This study discusses collaborative data analytics (CDAs) in Industry 4.0, summarising findings into a novel CDA framework that can be used by manufacturing enterprises of any size and scale to enable and enhance the mutual benefits of CDAs and decision‐making processes. The CDA framework can enhance the key factors and performance metrics of manufacturing facilities such as reliability, availability, and efficiency. The study also provides a preliminary benefit analysis of utilising the proposed CDA framework for manufacturing SMEs.
The descent and bouncing path of the Hayabusa2 lander MASCOT at asteroid (162173) Ryugu
Authors: Scholten F. , Preusker F. , Elgner S. , Matz K.-D. , Jaumann R. , Biele J. , Hercik D. , Auster H.-U. , Hamm M. , Grott M. , Grimm C. , Ho T.-M. , Koncz A. , Schmitz N. , Trauthan F. , Kameda S. , Sugita S. , Honda R. , Morota T. , Tatsumi E. , Cho Y. , Yoshioka K. , Sawada H. , Yokota Y. , Sakatani N. , Hayakawa M. , Matsuoka M. , Yamada M. , Kouyama T. , Suzuki H. , Honda C. , Ogawa K.
Published: November 2019

Images from the Optical Navigation Camera system (ONC) onboard the Hayabusa2 spacecraft show the MASCOT lander during its descent to the surface of asteroid (162173) Ryugu. We used results from a previous stereo-photogrammetric analysis that provided precise ONC image orientation data (camera position and pointing), ONC orthoimages, and an ONC-based 3D surface model to combine them with the visibilities of MASCOT itself and its shadow on-ground within the ONC images. We integrated additional information from instruments onboard MASCOT (MASMag, MARA, MASCam) and derived MASCOT’s release position and modeled its free-fall descent path and its velocity over 350 s from its release at ∼41 m altitude above ground until its first contact with the surface of Ryugu. After first contact, MASCOT bounced over the surface of Ryugu for 663 s and came to rest at its first settlement point after four intermediate surface contacts. We again used ONC images that show MASCOT and partly its shadow and reconstructed the bouncing path and the respective velocities of MASCOT. The achieved accuracy for the entire descent and bouncing path is ∼0.1 m (1σ).
The RNA degradation pathway is involved in PPARα-modulated anti-oral tumorigenesis
Authors: Chang Nai-Wen , Huang Yi-Ping
Published: November 2019

Background: The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) has been shown to reprogram tumor metabolism and exhibits great potential for treating anti-oral tumorigenesis.

Methods: In this study, we used a pathway-based strategy to explore possible functional pathways involved in the anticancer activity of PPARα in oral cancer cells through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatic approaches.

Results: We found that 3919 genes were upregulated and 1060 genes were downregulated through PPARα activation. These genes were mainly involved in the proteasomal, mRNA surveillance, spliceosomal, RNA transport, and RNA degradation pathways, as indicated by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Importantly, a total of 13 upregulated genes in the RNA degradation pathway were identified including 3 core exosome factor genes (RRP43, RRP42, and CSL4), 2 TRAMP complex genes (TRF4 and Mtr4), 2 exosome cofactor genes (RRP6 and MPP6), 2 CCR4-NOT complex genes (CNOT2 and CNOT3), 2 Ski complex genes (SKI2 and Ski3), 1 decapping complex gene (EDC4), and 1 gene involved in 5’ exoribonuclease activity (XRN1).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the activation of PPARα to upregulate the RNA degradation pathway might provide a new strategy for oral cancer treatment.
Approaches to multiple attribute decision making based on picture 2-tuple linguistic power Hamy mean aggregation operators
Authors: Wei Guiwu , Wang Jie , Gao Hui , Wu Jiang , Wei Cun
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems are investigated with picture 2-tuple linguistic information. Then, based on Hamy mean (HM) operator and dual Hamy mean (DHM) operator, the power average and power geometric operations are utilized to develop some picture 2-tuple linguistic power Hamy mean aggregation operators: picture 2-tuple linguistic power weighted Hamy mean (P2TLPWHM) operator, picture 2-tuple linguistic power weighted dual Hamy mean (P2TLPWDHM) operator, picture 2-tuple linguistic power ordered weighted Hamy mean (P2TLPOWHM) operator, picture 2-tuple linguistic power ordered weighted dual Hamy mean (P2TLPOWDHM) operator, picture 2-tuple linguistic power hybrid Hamy mean (P2TLPHHM) operator and picture 2-tuple linguistic power hybrid dual Hamy mean (P2TLPHDHM) operator. The prominent characteristic of these proposed operators are studied. Then, these operators are utilized to develop some approaches to solve the picture 2-tuple linguistic multiple attribute decision making problems. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated through a practical example for enterprise resource planning (ERP) system selection of how the proposed methods help us and is effective in MADM problems.
Die Dermatologie in der BG Klinik Falkenstein
Authors: Gina M.
Published: November 2019

Das stationäre Heilverfahren im Rahmen der tertiären Individualprävention wurde für schwere, therapieresistente Berufsdermatosen entwickelt, wenn das ambulante Management nicht ausreichend ist. Das Heilverfahren ist mittlerweile gut etabliert und wird in 5 Kliniken deutschlandweit angeboten. Die BG Klinik Falkenstein liegt im Herzen des Vogtlandes umgegeben von einem Naturschutzgebiet. Hier können durch Schulungen, multidisziplinäre Diagnostik und Behandlung sowie Optimierung der Präventionsmaßnahmen eine Steigerung der Motivation und bei ca. ⅔ der Betroffenen ein weiterer Berufsverbleib ermöglicht werden.
Die Palliativbehandlung in der Klassischen Homöopathie
Authors: Milleder Beatrice , Jürgens Ellen
Published: November 2019

Die Autorinnen zeigen auf, was Palliation in der klassischen Homöopathie bedeutet. Beispielhaft wird beschrieben, wie Leiden bei nicht heilbaren, aber nicht akut lebensbedrohlichen Grundzuständen mit homöopathischen Einzelmitteln gelindert werden können. Außerdem erfolgt eine Schilderung von homöopathischen Palliativa in der terminalen Phase und bei der Begleitung allopathischer Behandlungen.
Laserakupunktur bei Equinem Cushing-Syndrom
Authors: Petermann Uwe
Published: November 2019

Laserakupunktur wird als eine sehr wirkungsvolle Therapie bei Equinem Cushing-Syndrom (ECS, PPID) beschrieben. Der Anwendungsbereich der Laserakupunktur reicht von der lokalen entzündungshemmenden Wirkung der Lasertherapie auf die Hypophyse bis zur allgemein regulierenden Wirkung der Akupunktur.

Die Vorgehensweise in der Laserakupunktur, der Verlauf der Erkrankung während der Therapie und die hervorragende Wirkung wird anhand von 3 Fallbeispielen beschrieben.
Osteoporose und Frakturrisiko bei Epilepsie und antiepileptischer Therapie
Authors: Baumann Sandra , Meier Christian
Published: November 2019

In den letzten Jahren zeigte sich, dass Epilepsie und ihre Behandlung einen negativen Einfluss auf die Knochenmineralisation und den Kalzium-Metabolismus haben. Mehrere Studien fanden eine signifikante Reduktion der Knochendichte (BMD) und ein ansteigendes Frakturrisiko bei Patienten, welche mit enzyminduzierenden Antiepileptika (Phenobarbital, Carbamazepin, Phenytoin) behandelt werden. Es wird angenommen, dass CYP-450-induzierende Antiepileptika diejenigen Enzyme hochregulieren, welche für den Vitamin-D-Stoffwechsel verantwortlich sind und dadurch 25-OH Vitamin D vermehrt in inaktive Metabolite abgebaut wird. Dies führt zu einer verminderten Kalziumresorption und konsekutiv zu einem sekundären Hyperparathyreoidismus. Auch für die neueren Antiepileptika (Oxcarbazepin, Gabapentin und Levetiracetam) weisen neuere Daten auf einen Effekt auf den Knochenstoffwechsel hin. Eine prophylaktische Gabe von ausreichend Kalzium und Vitamin D ist für alle Patienten unter antiepileptischer Therapie (AED) empfohlen. Für Patienten mit Langzeit-Einnahme von AEDs sind Knochendichtemessungen als Osteoporose-Basis-Abklärung angezeigt, insbesondere für diejenigen, welche mit enzyminduzierenden AEDs behandelt werden und/oder andere relevante Frakturrisikofaktoren aufweisen. Einige neuere Studien konnten zeigen, dass bei Patienten, die mit AEDs behandelt werden, eine Bisphosphonat-Therapie zusätzlich zu Kalzium und Vitamin D die Knochendichte verbessern und Frakturen verhindern könnte. Deren genereller Einsatz ist jedoch noch nicht empfohlen und für diejenigen Patienten reserviert, welche ein hohes Fraktur-Risiko aufweisen.
Osteoporose und Frakturen bei Multipler Sklerose – unterschätzt und ignoriert?
Authors: Zimmermann Olga , Stürner Klarissa Hanja
Published: November 2019

Multiple Sklerose (MS) ist eine chronisch entzündliche Autoimmunerkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems mit hoher Prävalenz. Mehrere Studien zeigen die deutlich erhöhte Häufigkeit sowohl von Frakturen als auch einer Osteoporose bei MS-Erkrankten: So besteht ein in mehreren Studien gezeigtes knapp 3-fach erhöhtes Hüftfrakturrisiko bei MS-Patienten, die Prävalenz von Osteopenie und Osteoporoserate ist bis zu 10-fach gegenüber der Normalbevölkerung erhöht. Der deutlichste Zusammenhang besteht zwischen dem Osteoporoserisiko und -ausmaß und dem Grad der Immobilität, aber auch die entzündliche Krankheitspathologie sowie Lebensstilfaktoren wie Vitamin D, Rauchen, sowie hormonelle Dysregulationen, Begleiterkrankungen und Medikamente tragen grundsätzlich und kumulativ zum erhöhten Osteoporose- und Frakturrisiko bei. Das deutlich erhöhte Osteoporose und Frakturrisiko wird im klinischen Alltag von MS-Patienten nur selten thematisiert, obwohl schon früh eine negative Beeinträchtigung des Knochenstoffwechsels vorliegt. Frakturrisiko und Osteoporose sind daher eine bisher unterschätzte Problematik bei MS-Erkrankten, die in einem präventiven Ansatz früh von den Behandlern thematisiert werden sollte. Ausgleich einer Vitamin D-Defizienz und vor allem ein Erhalt der Mobilität sind die am besten durch Daten belegten präventiven Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer fortschreitenden Osteoporose und zur Reduktion des Frakturrisikos.
Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Might be Associated with Sudomotor Dysfunction in Chinese T2DM Patients
Authors: Ji Lijin , Zhang Yuanpin , Zhang Qi , Zheng Hangping , Sun Wanwan , Zhu Xiaoming , Zhang Shuo , Lu Bin , Su Liang , Shi Hongli , Li Yiming , Liu Xiaoxia
Published: November 2019

Aims To determine the relationships of sudomotor functions, nerve conductions and self-reported depressive symptoms in Chinese type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients.

Methods T2DM patients in a single community health center were included in this study. Demographic, medical and laboratory data were collected. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) examination was conducted in all patients. SUDOSCAN test and Point-of-care Nerve Conduction Device (DPN-check) were conducted and all the patients finished the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Results A total of 162 T2DM patients (74 males and 88 females) were included. The mean age was 69.0±7.2 years and the mean course of diabetes was 10.5±8.0 years with a mean HbA1c level of 7.3±1.4%. Thirty of them (18.5%) had self-reported depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores≥5). Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was diagnosed according to the MSNI examination in 74 patients. Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) values of both hands and feet were significantly lower in patients with depressive symptoms (Hands ESC: 60.63±18.92 vs. 67.64±16.02 μS, p<0.05; Feet ESC: 59.60 ± 15.19 vs. 66.19±14.99 μS, p<0.05). The proportion of patients with moderate to severe depressive symptoms were significantly higher in those with ESC values<60 μS (13.33% vs. 3.846%, p<0.05). Hands ESC values were negatively related to PHQ-9 scores (r =− 0.168, p<0.05). After adjusting for variables, hands and feet ESC values remained negatively related with depressive symptoms (β =− 0.036 and−0.038, p<0.05). Female were positively related to depressive symptoms with odds ratio 3.4 (95%CI 1.1–10.5, p<0.05).

Conclusion Self-reported depressive symptoms might be associated with sudomotor dysfunction in Chinese T2DM patients.
Unilateral herpes zoster ophthalmicus with bilateral cerebral infarcts in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patient
Authors: Kulkarni Girish Baburao , Mustare Veerendrakumar , Mirza Masoom Abbas
Published: November 2019

Ischemic stroke is a recognized complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Arterial involvement is usually seen on the side of the rash. It is thought to be due to vessel inflammation by the virus, which travels from the trigeminal ganglion. Few case reports of bilateral and distant site of zoster lesions with stroke in the brain have been described. These reports suggest possibility of contiguous vascular, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or hematogenous spread of the virus from the ganglion to the cerebral blood vessels. Therapeutically acyclovir, anticoagulation, and steroids have been used in the treatment of the zoster associated with stroke. We describe a case of immunocompromised patient with ipsilateral zoster ophthalmicus with bilateral anterior circulation strokes, who was treated with above measures and made successful recovery. This report also raises/supports possible CSF/vascular/hematogenous spread of the virus from the ganglion to involve cerebral blood vessels leading to the stroke.
Hemichorea and dystonia due to frontal lobe meningioma
Authors: Rana Abdul Qayyum , Yousuf Muhammad Saad , Hashmi Muhammad Zainuddin , Kachhvi Zakerabibi Mohammed
Published: November 2019

Tumors originating from the meninges, also known as meningiomas, have rarely been known to cause parkinsonian symptoms and other movement disorders. Although some cases of AV malformations causing movement disorders have been described in the literature, not much has been reported about meningiomas in this regard. The aim of this case report is to further highlight the importance of brain imaging in patients with movement disorders for even a benign tumor; and also emphasize the need for a careful movement disorder examination because more than one phenomenology of movement disorders may result from the mechanical pressure caused by a tumor. We present a case report of a patient with a heavily calcified right frontal lobe meningioma. Our patient had irregular, involuntary, brief, fleeting and unpredictable movements of her left upper and lower extremities, consistent with chorea. The patient also had abnormal dystonic posturing of her left arm while walking. This case report highlights the importance of brain imaging as well as careful neurological examinations of patients with benign meningiomas. Moreover, it illustrates the remarkable specificity yet clinical diversity of meningiomas in presentation through movement disorders.
Cerebellar giant cell glioblastoma multiforme in an adult
Authors: Mishra Sudhansu Sekhar , Behera Sanjay Kumar , Dhir Manmath Kumar , Senapati Satya Bhusan
Published: November 2019

Cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare tumor that accounts for only 1% of all cases of GBM and its giant cell variant is even much rarely encountered in adults. A case of cerebellar giant cell GBM managed at our institution reporting its clinical presentation, radiological and histological findings, and treatment instituted is described. In conjunction, a literature review, including particular issues, clinical data, advances in imaging studies, pathological characteristics, treatment options, and the behavior of such malignant tumor is presented. It is very important for the neurosurgeon to make the differential diagnosis between the cerebellar GBM, and other diseases such as metastasis, anaplastic astrocytomas, and cerebellar infarct because their treatment modalities, prognosis, and outcome are different.
Sonoelastographic Evaluation of the Lower Lateral Nasal Cartilage Lateral Crus, Auricular Conchal Cartilage, and Costal Cartilage
Authors: Şahan Mehmet Hamdi , Bayar Muluk Nuray , Inal Mikail , Asal Neşe , Şimşek Gökçe , Arıkan Osman Kürşat
Published: November 2019

We investigated the sonoelastographic features of the lower lateral nasal cartilage lateral crus (LLNC-LC), auricular conchal cartilage (ACC), and costal cartilage (CC). In this prospective study, group 1 consisted of 60 participants (30 males and 30 females) between 18 and 35 years of age. Group 2 consisted of 60 participants (30 males and 30 females) between 35 and 50 years of age. Strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) were performed. For all LLNC-LCs and ACCs, type I SE was detected more in group 2, type II SE was detected more in group 1, and type III SE was detected more in group 1 (p < 0.05). For CC, type I SE was detected more in both groups (p < 0.05). For LLNC-LC, type I SE was detected more in males compared with females in both groups (p < 0.05). For all LLNC-LC, ACC and CC, the SWE modulus of group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1 (p < 0.05). In older participants, the SWE modulus increased. We recommend using ACC mainly in rhinoplasty operations for primary and revision cases as its SWE modulus is similar to that of the LLNC-LC. However, due to the higher SWE modulus of CC, CC grafts should not be used as the first choice in rhinoplasties, especially in the reconstruction of the nasal tip contour, but may be used in nasal dorsum augmentation.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for the Treatment of Non-Union of a Canine Mandibular Fracture
Authors: Oginska Olivia J. , Whitelock Richard , Hausler Kirsten , Stelman Amy , Allen Matthew J.
Published: November 2019

The use of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of delayed or non-union of long bone fractures has been described in human patients with encouraging results. This case report describes the successful treatment of a mandibular fracture non-union with ESWT. To authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the clinical use of ESWT for the management of a non-union in a dog.
Electron spectroscopic study of nanoplasma formation triggered by intense soft x-ray pulses
Authors: Niozu Akinobu , Yokono Naomichi , Nishiyama Toshiyuki , Fukuzawa Hironobu , Sakurazawa Tomohiro , Matsuda Kazuhiro , Takanashi Tsukasa , You Daehyun , Li Yiwen , Ono Taishi , Gaumnitz Thomas , Schöffler Markus , Grundmann Sven , Wada Shin-ichi , Carpeggiani Paolo , Xu Wei Qing , Liu Xiao Jing , Owada Shigeki , Tono Kensuke , Togashi Tadashi , Yabashi Makina , Kryzhevoi Nikolai V. , Gokhberg Kirill , Kuleff Alexander I. , Cederbaum Lorenz S. , Ueda Kiyoshi , Nagaya Kiyonobu
Published: November 2019

Using electron spectroscopy, we investigated the nanoplasma formation process generated in xenon clusters by intense soft x-ray free electron laser (FEL) pulses. We found clear FEL intensity dependence of electron spectra. Multistep ionization and subsequent ionization frustration features are evident for the low FEL-intensity region, and the thermal electron emission emerges at the high FEL intensity. The present FEL intensity dependence of the electron spectra is well addressed by the frustration parameter introduced by Arbeiter and Fennel [New J. Phys. 13, 053022 (2011)].
Coulomb drag in strongly coupled quantum wells: Temperature dependence of the many-body correlations
Authors: Zarenia M. , Conti S. , Peeters F. M. , Neilson D.
Published: November 2019

We investigate the effect of the temperature dependence of many-body correlations on hole–hole Coulomb drag in strongly coupled GaAs/GaAlAs double quantum wells. For arbitrary temperatures, we obtained the correlations using the classical-map hypernetted-chain approach. We compare the temperature dependence of the resulting drag resistivities ρD(T) at different densities with ρD(T) calculated assuming correlations fixed at zero temperature. Comparing the results with those when correlations are completely neglected, we confirm that correlations significantly increase the drag. We find that the drag becomes sensitive to the temperature dependence of T≳2TF, twice the Fermi temperature. Our results show excellent agreement with available experimental data.
Solubility prediction for a soluble organic molecule via chemical potentials from density of states
Authors: Boothroyd Simon , Anwar Jamshed
Published: November 2019

While the solubility of a substance is a fundamental property of widespread significance, its prediction from first principles (starting from only the knowledge of the molecular structure of the solute and solvent) remains a challenge. Recently, we proposed a robust and efficient method to predict the solubility from the density of states of a solute-solvent system using classical molecular simulation. The efficiency, and indeed the generality, of the method has now been enhanced by extending it to calculate solution chemical potentials (rather than probability distributions as done previously), from which solubility may be accessed. The method has been employed to predict the chemical potential of Form 1 of urea in both water and methanol for a range of concentrations at ambient conditions and for two charge models. The chemical potential calculations were validated by thermodynamic integration with the two sets of values being in excellent agreement. The solubility determined from the chemical potentials for urea in water ranged from 0.46 to 0.50 mol kg−1, while that for urea in methanol ranged from 0.62 to 0.85 mol kg−1, over the temperature range 298–328 K. In common with other recent studies of solubility prediction from molecular simulation, the predicted solubilities differ markedly from experimental values, reflecting limitations of current forcefields.
A large thermal turbulent Taylor-Couette (THETACO) facility for investigation of turbulence induced by simultaneous action of rotation and radial temperature gradient
Authors: Singh Harminder , Bonnesoeur Antoine , Besnard Hugues , Houssin Claude , Prigent Arnaud , Crumeyrolle Olivier , Mutabazi Innocent
Published: November 2019

A thermal turbulent Taylor-Couette facility has been designed to investigate turbulent flows generated by differential rotation and radial temperature gradient. It consists of a cylindrical annulus with a rotating inner cylinder and a fixed outer cylinder. The electric heating system is installed inside the inner cylinder, and the annulus is immersed in a large cylindrical container filled with cooling fluid. Temperature regulators independently control the temperature of the inner surface of the inner cylinder and that of the cooling fluid. The facility allows us to reach values of the Reynolds number (Re ∼ 5 × 105) and of the Rayleigh number (Ra ∼ 3 × 106) for water as the working fluid. The facility provides torque measurements, a full optical access at the side and from the bottom for velocity measurements using particle image velocimetry (2D, stereoscopic, and tomographic). Temperature measurements in the flow can be performed by thermochromic liquid crystals or laser induced fluorescence.
Structural and magnetic properties of the as-cast V1−xZrx alloy superconductors
Authors: Sharath Chandra L. S. , Paul Sabyasachi , Khandelwal Ashish , Kaushik Vinay , Sagdeo Archna , Venkatesh R. , Kumar Kranti , Banerjee A. , Chattopadhyay M. K.
Published: November 2019

We report here the structural, electrical, thermal, and magnetic properties of the as-cast V1−xZrx alloys (x=0–0.4) at low temperatures. We observe that all the alloys undergo successive peritectic and eutectic reactions during cooling from the melt, which leads to the formation of five phases, namely, a body centered cubic β-V phase, two phases with slightly different compositions having a face centered cubic ZrV2 structure, a hexagonal closed packed α-Zr phase, and the β-Zr precipitates. The amount of each phase is found to be dependent on the concentration of zirconium in vanadium. The β-V and ZrV2 phases show superconductivity below 5.2 K and 8.5 K, respectively. We show that the critical current density is large for the V-rich V1−xZrx alloys with x>0.1. The grain boundaries generated from the eutectic reaction and the point defects formed due to the variation in the composition are found to be responsible for the pinning of flux lines in low and high magnetic fields, respectively. Our studies reveal that the choice of the composition and the heat treatment, which leads to eutectic reactions are important in improving the critical current density in this alloy system.
Multi-wave mixing using a single vector optical field
Authors: Jiao Tengfei , Cheng Xuemei , Zhang Qian , Li Weilong , Ren Zhaoyu
Published: November 2019

The traditional multiwave mixing setups are always complicated because multiple laser beams are involved, and they are required to be aligned into certain spatial configurations to get the phase-matching condition satisfied. Here, we report on a multiwave mixing method using a single vector optical field. The spatially separated phase-matching beams are obtained after the vector light passes through a polarizer. Filtering out part(s) of them and focusing the remaining ones into the Rb vapor cell, we detected degenerate four-wave mixing, degenerate six-wave mixing, and coexisting degenerate four-wave mixing signals under different circumstances. As the beams participating in the multiwave mixing processes originate from the same phase plane of the vector laser beam, their relative positions are fixed for the setup so that this method has the potential to resist for turbulence compared with the traditional methods. Besides, the entire system is simple and easy to align because the complicated optical setup is avoided. This work provides a convenient tool for multiwave mixing generation and has great potential in spectroscopy, light squeezing, nonlinear optics, and so on.
Structure and photophysics of indigoids for singlet fission: Cibalackrot
Authors: Ryerson Joseph L. , Zaykov Alexandr , Aguilar Suarez Luis E. , Havenith Remco W. A. , Stepp Brian R. , Dron Paul I. , Kaleta Jiří , Akdag Akin , Teat Simon J. , Magnera Thomas F. , Miller John R. , Havlas Zdeněk , Broer Ria , Faraji Shirin , Michl Josef , Johnson Justin C.
Published: November 2019

We report an investigation of structure and photophysics of thin layers of cibalackrot, a sturdy dye derived from indigo by double annulation at the central double bond. Evaporated layers contain up to three phases, two crystalline and one amorphous. Relative amounts of all three have been determined by a combination of X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflectance spectroscopy. Initially, excited singlet state rapidly produces a high yield of a transient intermediate whose spectral properties are compatible with charge-transfer nature. This intermediate more slowly converts to a significant yield of triplet, which, however, does not exceed 100% and may well be produced by intersystem crossing rather than singlet fission. The yields were determined by transient absorption spectroscopy and corrected for effects of partial sample alignment by a simple generally applicable procedure. Formation of excimers was also observed. In order to obtain guidance for improving molecular packing by a minor structural modification, calculations by a simplified frontier orbital method were used to find all local maxima of singlet fission rate as a function of geometry of a molecular pair. The method was tested at 48 maxima by comparison with the ab initio Frenkel-Davydov exciton model.
Vortex-induced vibration and galloping of a circular cylinder in presence of cross-flow thermal buoyancy
Authors: Garg Hemanshul , Soti Atul Kumar , Bhardwaj Rajneesh
Published: November 2019

The effect of cross-flow thermal buoyancy on vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder is numerically investigated. An in-house fluid-structure solver based on the sharp-interface immersed boundary method is employed. The cylinder is kept in the uniform flow stream and is mounted elastically such that it is constrained to move in the transverse direction to the flow. The surface of the cylinder is heated at a prescribed temperature, and the thermal buoyancy is imposed in the transverse direction to the flow. Simulations are performed for the following parameters: Reynolds number Re = (50, 150), Prandtl number Pr = 7.1, mass ratio m = 2, reduced velocity UR = [4–15], and Richardson number Ri = [0–4]. We found that the thermal buoyancy could suppress or agitate the VIV. At lower Re (=50) and Ri = (1, 2), we observe the suppression in the VIV; however, there is no suppression for higher Re (=150) for these values of Ri. Galloping is observed for higher values of Ri = (3, 4) for Re = (50, 150). The galloping has been reported for rotationally asymmetric bluff bodies (e.g., D-section cylinder) in previous studies in isothermal flows. We show that a circular cylinder, a rotationally symmetric body, exhibits galloping due to the transversely acting thermal buoyancy at higher Ri.