bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of thermal field dynamics in the erected reinforced concrete structure
Authors: Stepanov Aleksander , Popandopulo Egor , Romsa Artem , Zatonskikh Matvey
Published: August 2019

During the heat treatment of concrete, temperature field in the structure can be controlled by changing the initial concrete temperature, the heating power of the heating elements, and heat transfer conditions at the surface of the structure. There is the task of finding such heat treatment mode in which the temperature field has the desired characteristics. These characteristics include temperature, rate of rise and temperature gradient. The first step in the solution of the heat treatment operation problem is to create a sufficient point of a mathematical model of the temperature field in the hardening concrete. The second stage should be devoted to the numerical solution of the equations of the model, which allows a computer to determine the temperature field in hardening concrete structure. With this method, you can use a computer to study the dynamics of the temperature field at various modes of heat treatment and to develop the most rational modes without the need for a large series of scientific experiments. For the numerical solution of model equations, a locally one-dimensional scheme of the method of full approximation is applied. This scheme is economical, relatively simple to program, does not require a lot of memory, and allows performing calculations on a computer.
The impact of intelligent systems on architectural aesthetics
Authors: Stankovic Danica , Tanic Milan , Cvetanovic Aleksandra
Published: August 2019

During its historical development, materials and architecture have always been inextricably linked. More recently, the application of modern materials and new achievements in architecture around the world have actualized the issue of the relation between architectural aesthetics and technology. Technological advancement allows the creation of new forms and a new way of shaping materials. Therefore, smart and nanotechnology have a significant impact not only on modern buildings, but also on the emergence of new architectural expression and style. Using analytical descriptive methodology and research literature, this paper focuses on the analysis of selected case studies in order to determine the impact of new intelligent technologies and modern materials on the ecological and aesthetic needs of today's architecture.
Rational placement of measuring systems in high dams
Authors: Shainyan Georgy
Published: August 2019

To solve the problem of rational placement of measuring systems in concrete dams, the experience of full-scale observations of horizontal displacements and stresses in the body of the arch dam of Inguri HPP (Georgia) was used with the use of statistical processing of the results of observations and the Barlow-Hunter-Proshan mathematical model. The type of the law of distribution of horizontal displacements and arch stresses was established by analyzing the histograms of these measured indicators of the static state of the structure. It is established that the change of horizontal displacements along the dam height is well described by the one-sided normal distribution law, and the arch stresses in the controlled alignment - by the normal distribution law. The laws of distribution of random variables are established. Using the Barlow-Hunter-Proshan mathematical model enabled the use of economic criteria on the basis of the frequency characteristics of the indicators of trouble-free operation of the construction and obtain the recurrence relation for the sequence of coordinate points of the measuring systems. The results of calculations of the coordinates of the recommended location of straight plumb lines in the center console and tensometric rosettes in the measuring range of the Ingur dam at the level of 210 m for a rational placement scheme are presented. The calculation showed that the number of measuring systems installed in the body of the Ingur dam exceeds the optimum value.
Checking the conformity of the grain-size composition of road cement concrete mixtures
Authors: Onyshchenko Artur , Aksonov Sergii , Stozhka Vitalii , Garkusha Mykola , Matusevich Alexandr
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to operational quality control of grainsize composition of cement-concrete road mixtures for use on highways of Ukraine. The results of the experimental research are presented, which testify to the non-conformity of the planned grain composition to the actual production composition, as well as the influence on it of a number of factors that significantly affect the quality of the mixture and the durability of cement concrete.
Quality assessment of urban environment
Authors: Ganebnykh Elena , Burtseva Tatyana , Mironova Nataliya , Feoktistova Oksana
Published: August 2019

Socio-economic and ecological stability of an urban area is closely related to environmental management. The best way to determine the urban environment is the quality rating system. The research aimed to determine indicators of urban development quality and their weight coefficient using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. The study reveals five main groups of indicators where safety and ecology of the urban environment has the biggest influence on the quality of urban development.
Environmental and social responsibility of business in the congress and exhibition industry
Authors: Khoreva Lubov , Kosryukova Oksana , Mikhailova Karina , Shokola Yana
Published: August 2019

The place of congress and exhibition activities in the system of business tourism is shown, general approaches to assessing the contribution of tourism to the destination economy are systematized and analysed in terms of their use in the meeting industry. Four basic models for estimating the multiplier effects of tourism are presented. The analysis showed that the “input-output” model has certain advantages over other models, specifically, that it allows taking sectoral features into account during the analysis, since the assessment algorithm focuses on cross-sectoral links. In order to develop a methodological apparatus for assessing the contribution of congress and exhibition services to the development of a destination, a group of indicators, according to which it is advisable to carry out an assessment, has been proposed, among which are four basic groups that include specific indicators of assessment: a group of economic and social indicators; a group of indicators related to the promotion of destination on national and world markets; a group of business indicators; a group of indicators of research intensity of destination industries. Recommendations for the development of a system of training and advanced training of specialists for the congress and exhibition industry have been made.
Thermal insulation shaped mineral wool products with effective binder
Authors: Ivanov Kazbek , Zhukov Aleksey , Bobrova Ekaterina , Zhukova Ekaterina , Wako Kirill
Published: August 2019

Thermal insulation of pipelines for the centralized hot water supply generally made by cylinders or mats based on a mineral wool. The criterion of an efficiency of the thermal insulation system is its technical properties, a durability and a cost of production. Modern thermal insulation products made from the mineral stone fiber possessing high chemical resistance. A structure of the products is such that the fiber is in a strong bond and has a volume-oriented state. Complicated bound structure gives to the product additional strength characteristics, and it is fixed due to curing of a binder. The substances having high resistance in the cured state are used as a binder. Accordingly, a reserve for increased durability is the completeness of curing of the binder. Which, in turn, depends on the organization of the process of thermal treatment. Cost reduction caused by the use of a binder with a curing temperature of up to 150 ° C. The possibility of justifying an application of epoxy modified binder with a latent hardener is given in the article, and the methodology of the choice of parameters of the mode of thermal treatment of mineral wool cylinders with this type of binder is also stated. The methods are based on graphics intended for selecting parameters of thermal treatment of mineral wool cylinders obtained as a result of engineering interpretation of mathematical models with empirical coefficients, and also a computer program for calculation based on the algorithm developed by the authors.
Digital technologies for launching innovative medications to the pharmaceutical market
Authors: Porokhnenko Andrey , Sapozhnikova Ekaterina
Published: August 2019

In modern conditions, the methods of bringing drugs to the pharmaceutical market has significant differences from other segments of the economy due to the following factors: the social significance of drugs that directly affect the quality of life and health of the population, the inability to refuse the use of drugs, the presence on the market of three groups of consumers - patients, doctors and the state represented by hospitals and the Ministry of health, legislative restrictions in the methods of marketing activity, a greater share of the presence of foreign multinational pharmaceutical companies, the specifics of the methods of bringing innovative drugs to the market. In order to quickly adapt to the ever-changing environment and achieve the objectives, pharmaceutical companies use different methods for launching new products, which demonstrate different degrees of efficiency, levels of implementation, and speed of obtaining the desired result. Increasing competition on the pharmaceutical market between medication manufacturers and the battle for the consumer should be based on the active introduction of digital technologies and a rational combination of methods of bringing innovative drugs.
Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in healthcare
Authors: Iliashenko Oksana , Bikkulova Zilia , Dubgorn Alissa
Published: August 2019

In this article, an overview of existing cases of usage of artificial intelligence (hereinafter AI) in healthcare is made, and opportunities of AI technologies and challenges one may face while embedding and using them are studied. In literature, there are several definitions of AI given in different dictionaries and studies. These definitions are mentioned in the article. In the framework of this article, AI is understood as the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior. The object of the research is AI in healthcare. The goal of the research is to make a representation of current usage of AI in healthcare. The goal is concretized by the following tasks: to classify AI systems used in healthcare and to make a world map of top AI startups in this field. The method used for the research is statistical observation by studying of sources about current projects in AI market.
Management of investment process in alternative energy projects
Authors: Rostova Olga , Shirokova Svetlana , Sokolitsyna Natalya , Shmeleva Anastasiia
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of creating favorable conditions and incentives for attracting investments in alternative energy projects in the regions. An analysis of Russian practice in the field of “green” financing showed that individual projects are being effectively implemented, but there is no established mechanism for attracting investments for “green” energy projects in the regions. The implementation of high-tech projects requires large amounts of investment, but in most cases, “green” business models are of high-risk and require a set of additional measures and incentives. The study suggests approach to the management of investment processes in regional alternative energy projects in accordance with the concept of green economy, formulates management algorithm, and gives full description of each stage. This work recommendations and results can be used in needed regions investment attractiveness raise measures elaboration for alternative energy projects realization.
Information exchange model for remote consulting systems in the Russian Federation
Authors: Ilin Igor , Iliashenko Victoriia , Iliashenko Oksana
Published: August 2019

One of the most important and promising directions of introducing information and telecommunication technologies into the healthcare system in Russia is the development of a methodology for prolonged monitoring of the patient's condition and remote consultation by the attending physician. This is due to the fact that many diseases that hold leading positions in the structure of morbidity, disability and mortality of patients require active monitoring of the patient, including during the period between planned visits to the clinic. The creation of such systems can not only prevent medical errors, facilitate rapid response, but also helps to solve the most global problem in any chronic disease - poor adherence to treatment. Therefore, the development and implementation of a remote consultation system based on telemedicine technology will reduce the burden on the outpatient unit by reducing the need to visit a doctor and significantly improve the quality of medical care. However, the use of telemedicine technologies requires the existing business process reengineering of medicine center and process of information exchange between participants in this process - regional and federal medical centers. The article suggests the approach to forming information exchange model between federal and regional medical centers using telemedicine technologies for remote monitoring.
Algorithm of optimal management for the efficient use of energy resources
Authors: Krasnov Sergey , Sergeev Sergey , Zotova Elizaveta , Grashchenko Nadezhda
Published: August 2019

The paper presents the results of the developed algorithms aimed at optimizing management decision-making by the administration of megalopolises. A mathematical model is obtained within the concept of digital economy. The regulatory action of dispositive decisions is aimed at business entities whose activities are externalized while consuming energy resources. Since any resources are used unevenly throughout the year, the authors apply the methods of the theory of optimal decisions. The criterion is the functional reflection of the balance between the maximum profit, the comfort of living conditions, and the environmental conditions. The results obtained make it possible to take administrative decisions in an optimal way, which reduces the negative effects of externalities and results in the most efficient use of energy resources.
Conceptual provisions for assessing the effectiveness of energy saving
Authors: Saurenko Tatiana , Anisimov Vladimir , Anisimov Evgeniy , Bagaeva Irina
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the conceptual provisions for assessing the effectiveness of the company’s energy saving. It clarifies the concept of “energy efficiency”, and the place of efficiency in the system of characteristics reflecting the quality of the company’s energy management. It is shown that the efficiency is advisable to be considered as a characteristic of the targeted implementation process of the company’s energy management of the relevant energy conservation measures. It reflects the degree of utilization of potential opportunity allocated for the implementation of these activities to achieve the company’s energy saving goals. That is, the efficiency is only one, although very important, aspect of assessing the quality of the company’s energy management. A general approach is proposed for the construction of performance indicators for the creation of models and methods of decision-making support in the process of planning energy saving measures. This approach is based on the requirements that the performance indicators should be measurable and, at the same time, reflect the goal in the name of which energy conservation measures are implemented in the company, accurately reflect the results of these measures, depending on the resources allocated for their implementation, and also consider the synergistic effects of their interaction.
Business Valuation of a Company in Environmental Management
Authors: Meller Natalya , Nekrasova Inna
Published: August 2019

As a result of many years of generalizations, fairly simple formulas have been developed in countries with developed market economies for determining the value of an evaluated company using the method of industry coefficients, which is not widely used in Russia, since these coefficients are calculated not for all sectors of the economy. The magazine “Financial Bulletin: Finance, Taxes, Insurance, Accounting” describes a method by Khasanov R.Kh., which determines the value of shares and industry ratios of some companies. Using the main provisions, this article presents the calculation of the value of a construction company and the calculation of industry coefficients for the “construction” direction.
Institutional approach in research of transformations in the regional economy
Authors: Gagulina Natalia , Budagov Arthur , Novikov Andrey
Published: August 2019

Due to the large-scale reforming of the Russian economy, the scope of transformations of the regional level does not lose relevance for many years. As generalization of results of domestic and foreign methods of research of transformations in the economy showed, application of institutional approach in this direction is limited to difficulties of terminological character. For their overcoming, the concept of institutional conditions is specified in the paper. Value of these conditions for economic growth and development of the region is shown. In the paper, the special attention is paid to a problem of forming the system of indicators for operational use of institutional approach in the economy of a region. The system of indicators of institutional transformations described in the paper is intended for operational use of quantitative estimates in the regional economy. The system of indicators is made by two complementary blocks – socio-economic and institutional. Indicators of the socio-economic block adumbrate about the economy of a region, about its potentials, illustrate a region place in national economy. The information base for assessing the existing conditions in the regional economy for the implementation of available opportunities is the institutional block, which contains indicators of the quality and efficiency of institutions. The use of the offered system of indicators will allow not only receiving the results having the high practical importance in the field of regional economic management, but also using them at further creation of macroeconomic models.
Logistic tools for optimization of the regional distribution center
Authors: Makovetskaya Elena
Published: August 2019

The paper proposes the use of the integrated logistic approach, application of the cross-functional logistic coordination and integration in managing processes of the distribution center that promotes both to minimization of expenses and enhancing the effective functioning of the distribution center in the supply chain. The SMED analysis of logistic processes and Value Stream Mapping make it possible to identify inefficient operations and to reduce the duration of a logistics cycle. The researches of processes conducted by the author with the use of the logistic tools allowed revealing the reserves and making recommendations on how to enhance the effectiveness of the regional distribution center.
Criteria approach to assessing the business stability of industrial and energy enterprises
Authors: Lukmanova Inessa , Kazanbieva Aida , Astafyeva Olga , Ershova Natalia , Danilochkina Nadezhda , Zubeeva Elena , Prokofiev Dmitry
Published: August 2019

The paper presents the results of the study in the field of ensuring the business stability of industrial and energy enterprises by determining the influence of external and internal factors. Identification of stability criteria was carried out by an expert survey using a simple but reliable mathematical apparatus. The final integral indicator of the economic stability of an industrial enterprise was obtained by a calculation and expert method using economic and mathematical modeling. The proposed method is quite universal and can be used to assess the stability of an enterprise over time, as well as to compare the stability of several enterprises with each other.
Digitalization of labor market parameters to improve the efficiency of the enterprise’s personnel policy
Authors: Komlev Vitaliy , Barmina Elena , Feoktistova Oksana
Published: August 2019

The article analyzes the characteristics of the labor market on the Internet that affect the formation of personnel policy of the enterprise. The authors propose a developed software product to order the processing a large amount of information and determine the parameters and key indicators which determine the successful personnel policy of the enterprise. The software tools includes an analysis of the basic parameters of the labor market on the Internet: the ratio of supply and demand for major vacancies, average wages of supply and demand, the dynamics of supply and demand, taking into account the region (territorial specifics). The possibilities of programmatic monitoring of the labor market in order to promptly adjust the personnel policy of an organization to key personnel positions based on the dynamics of changes in the labor market environment make it possible to increase the effectiveness of personnel policy and its productivity. Comparative analysis of key parameters of the labor market in various cities of the Russian Federation and possible directions of personnel policy formation in the major vacancies in organizations allows optimal analysis of large amounts of information opened on the Internet (job banks, data of personnel and recruiting agencies, job banks and resume in social networks taking into account the region), allows you to quickly and correctly make management decisions in the field of personnel management. The article discusses the contact of the parameters of the labor market with the main directions of the personnel policy of the enterprise: the organization of personnel selection, adaptation, training, motivation and incentives, evaluation, etc., taking into account possible personnel risks.
Improvement of the weight-and-dimensional control within the environmentally friendly transport system development
Authors: Vasilyeva Elena
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the research is to estimate the opportunities to promote the transport systems development by the means of introduction of weight-and-dimensional control and improvement of its methods. The existing methods of weight-and-dimensional control are considered. Advantages and disadvantages of the systems in comparison are revealed. According to the research, such results as the reduction of cases of excesses of admissible mass of freight, collecting additional income for the regional budget, the decrease in the destroying impact on highways, the decrease in the expenses on their repair as well as providing sources for financing of such repair, the decrease in ecological harm from driving of overloaded vehicles, the increase in traffic safety, the reduction of quantity of accidents and life losses caused by driving of the overloaded vehicles are possible. Nevertheless, the analyses of the domestic practice prove that some problems of the organization of weight-and-dimensional control exist. The author offers some measures for the solution of these problems. The results of the research can be used both by the specialists of Ministry of Transport, when drawing up the programmes of the transport system development and during approval of rules and standards of freights transportation, and by the transporters, when planning their activity.
Caractérisation de la propreté inclusionnaire d’aciers de fonderie par analyse d’images en microscopie électronique à balayage
Authors: Nicoli Cécile , Carton Jean-François , Vaucheret Alexis , Jacquet Philippe
Published: August 2019

L’étude porte sur les aciers bas carbone (0,2 %) faiblement alliés bruts de fonderie. Les différentes opérations effectuées dans le bain liquide de l’acier influent sur la population inclusionnaire ; ces inclusions sont elles-mêmes responsables d’une partie des propriétés mécaniques de l’acier. Leur contrôle et leur étude revêtent donc une grande importance. L’objet de ce travail est de mettre au point une méthode de comptage, d’en évaluer la fiabilité et la reproductibilité ainsi que d’en montrer la limite. D’ordinaire, cette opération est réalisée par microscopie optique, méthode longue à mettre en œuvre et ne couvrant qu’une surface d’échantillon très limitée. La méthode présentée ici requiert un microscope électronique à balayage (MEB) doté d’une forte stabilité du faisceau d’où l’utilisation d’un canon à émission de champs (FEG). Cette méthode est plus rapide et couvre une surface plus large. Elle est déjà utilisée en sidérurgie pour des aciers laminés mais est beaucoup moins courante pour des contrôles métallurgiques sur des aciers moulés. Pour transposer cette méthode à ce type d’acier il est donc nécessaire de confirmer sa fiabilité et sa répétabilité. Dans un premier temps, un opérateur définit des critères morphologiques et chimiques sur les inclusions rencontrées dans une zone représentative très réduite. Dans un second temps, un logiciel scanne automatiquement une zone beaucoup plus large et classe les inclusions détectées selon les critères pré-définis (taille, forme, nature). Afin de statuer sur la répétabilité et la reproductibilité de cette méthode, une étude statistique est réalisée sur une surface test ; cette zone est analysée plusieurs fois dans le but de définir des intervalles de tolérances. Si les résultats obtenus en termes de population inclusionnaire sont significatifs, il sera alors possible de statuer sur la pertinence des différentes opérations effectuées dans les bains d’acier liquide.
An exact minimax penalty function approach to solve multitime variational problems
Authors: Jayswal Anurag , Preeti
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to examine an appropriateness of the exact minimax penalty function method applied to solve the partial differential inequation (PDI) and partial differential equation (PDE) constrained multitime variational problems. The criteria for equivalence between the optimal solutions of a multitime variational problem with PDI and PDE constraints and its associated unconstrained penalized multitime variational problem is studied in this work. We also present some examples to validate the results derived in the paper.
Decision making and coordination of fresh agriculture product supply chain considering fairness concerns
Authors: Yan Bo , Chen Yan-Ru , He Shi-You
Published: August 2019

This paper investigates decisions in a supply chain of fresh agricultural products considering fairness concerns. By considering a two-echelon supply chain consisting of a retailer and a manufacturer, this paper discusses the effect of the manufacturer’s fairness concerns and the retailer’s fairness concerns on the fresh agriculture product supply chain within the framework of Nash bargaining. Meanwhile, a revenue-sharing contract is designed to coordinate the supply chain with fairness concerns. The results show that the manufacturer’s behavioral tendency of fairness concerns will reduce their fresh-keeping effort; thereby, the freshness of products and market demand will also decrease. The behavioral tendencies of fairness concerns of both sides reduce the overall effectiveness of the supply chain and adversely affect the stability of the fresh produce supply chain. Both the optimal retail price and the fresh-keeping effort can be achieved while all parties get higher utilities under the revenue-sharing contract in comparison to the case without coordination.
Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection of large submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer in the esophagus and gastric cardia
Authors: Wang Zelan , Zheng Zhongqing , Wang Tao , Wang Xin , Cao Yanan , Wang Yuming , Wang Bangmao
Published: August 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term complications of submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) for large submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria (MP) layer in the esophagus and gastric cardia.

Methods We performed 286 cases of STER from September 2012 to December 2017. The clinical data of patients with SMTs originating from the MP layer of 3.0–7.0 cm, who underwent STER procedure at the endoscopy center of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, were collected retrospectively. Epidemiological data, tumor location, tumor size, procedure-related parameters, complications, and follow-up were included.

Results A total of 27 (9.4 % [27/286]) patients were large-size SMTs, with a mean age of 51.9 ± 9.4 years. The male/female ratio was 19:8. Of the 27 SMTs, 23 were located in the esophagus and 4 in the gastric cardia. The mean tumor size was 4.0 ± 1.1 cm. The en bloc resection rate was 85.2 % (23/27), and the complete resection rate was 100 % (27/27). Intra-operative perforation occurred in 2 patients (7.4 %) and post-operative perforation occurred in 2 patients (7.4 %). No other complications were observed. The average cost of the procedure was $3357.99 ± $1171.60 per inpatient stay (including both the procedure and an additional inpatient stay). The mean follow-up time was 15 ± 10.1 months. No recurrence and metastasis occurred during the follow-up period.

Conclusions There is low risk of STER for the large-sized SMTs in the esophagus and gastric cardia, and the most common complication occurred during or after the procedure is perforation.
Molecular Iodine Catalyzed Hydroxysulfenylation of Alkenes with Disulfides in Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Ni Bang-qing , He Yunpeng , Rong Xuejiao , Niu Teng-fei
Published: August 2019

An environmentally friendly and efficient strategy has been developed for preparing β-hydroxy sulfides by a molecular-iodine-catalyzed radical reaction. This reaction involves hydroxysulfenylation of alkenes with disulfides in aqueous solution. Air is used as the oxidant without any additives. Control experiments indicated that the oxygen atom of products might come from O2. Both aryl alkenes and aliphatic alkenes were well tolerated in this transformation and afforded the corresponding products in moderate to high yields.
Percutaneous Inserted Venous Catheter via Femoral Vein in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Bergón-Sendín Elena , Soriano-Ramos María , Méndez-Marín María Dolores , De Miguel-Moya Mónica , Fontiveros-Escalona Diego , Diezma-Godino Mercedes , Pallás-Alonso Carmen Rosa , Moral-Pumarega María Teresa
Published: August 2019

Objective This study aimed to assess the applicability of the insertion of small diameter catheters through the femoral vein in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.

Study Design All femoral small diameter catheters (Silastic or femoral arterial catheter [FAC]) inserted in ELBW infants in a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively reviewed. Success rate, dwelling time, and percutaneously inserted central venous catheter–related complications were recorded.

Results Thirteen small diameter catheters were inserted in seven ELBW infants. Mean gestational age at birth was 25+3 weeks (standard deviation [SD] ± 2.12) and mean birth weight was 686 g (SD ± 204.9). Mean weight at the first time of insertion was 1,044 g (SD ± 376.3). In two occasions, a FAC was used instead of a Silastic. In most cases (11/13, 84.6%), the patient was intubated prior to the procedure. The mean dwelling time was 16.7 days (SD ± 9.8). Most of the inserted small diameter catheters were removed electively (8/12, 66.7%), except for one episode of clinical sepsis from coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and three cases of accidental line extravasation. No other complications were reported. The success rate was 92.3%.

Conclusion Femoral venous catheterization using small diameter catheters in ELBW infants may be promising when other routes have been exhausted. Our results support that it is a feasible technique that can be performed at the bedside with successful results when conducted by experienced personnel.
Challenging the Orthodoxy of Mandibular Reconstructions Comparing Functional Outcomes in Osseous versus Soft Tissue Reconstructions of the Posterolateral Mandible
Authors: Dimovska Eleonora Olivera Felicty , Clibbon Jonothan , Heaton Martin , Viswanathan Narayanan , Ridha Hyder , James Richard
Published: August 2019

Background Appropriate reconstruction of the posterolateral mandible remains controversial. Both osseous and soft tissues are vital components for an overall successful outcome and are often combined in complex defects. Their respective effect on oromandibular function in the reconstruction of different degrees of mandibular defects has been less evaluated. This study aimed to compare patient-perceived oromandibular function in osseous and soft tissue-only reconstructions following posterolateral mandibular defects, defined as limited or extended.

Patients and Methods A 10-year retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing mandibular reconstructions of the posterolateral mandible were identified. Limited defects were defined as reaching from the ipsilateral parasymphysis to anterior of the coronoid (sparing insertion of muscles of mastication). Extended defects were defined as reaching from the ipsilateral parasymphysis to posterior of the coronoid (sacrificing the muscle insertions). Functional outcomes were assessed using the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire, version 4.

Results A total of 163 patients were identified, of which 41 patients had the particular posterolateral mandibular resections sought after. In 23 limited resections, there was no difference in functional outcome between osseous and soft tissue-only reconstructions. In 18 patients undergoing extended resections, osseous reconstructions demonstrated significantly better outcomes (p = 0.011). There were no significant differences in patient demographics between the groups.

Conclusion Our study highlights the interest of soft tissue-only reconstructions of the posterolateral mandible. Limited resections seem not to benefit from complex osseous reconstruction for adequate function. Conversely, there is a noteworthy positive impact on functional outcomes in extended posterolateral mandibulectomies reconstructed with osseous tissue, compared with soft tissue only. Although a larger study is needed to identify a stronger relationship, these preliminary results could aid reconstructive decisions, particularly when considering patient morbidity.
Entscheider-Blog: Wo bleibt der generationsübergreifende Diskurs?
Authors: Heiß Tanja
Published: August 2019

Von echtem Erfahrungsaustausch zwischen Führungskräften und Young Professionals ist im Gesundheitswesen aktuell nicht viel zu sehen. Scheuen die Entscheider die Konfrontation oder liegt es am Nachwuchs selbst, dass aktuell nur übereinander und nicht untereinander gesprochen wird?
Komplikationsvermeidung: An der Quelle des Fehlers
Authors: Fleßa Steffen
Published: August 2019

Komplikationen sind im Krankenhaus nicht nur ein medizinisches, sondern auch ein betriebswirtschaftliches Problem. Die Folgen sind in vielerlei Hinsicht beträchtlich. Oberstes Ziel ist deshalb die Komplikationsvermeidung – doch die erfordert eine besondere Unternehmenskultur und einen speziellen Führungsstil.
Feuer- und Rauchschutztüren Richtig Prüfen: Türen können mehr als „Auf“ und „Zu“
Authors: Küber Stefan , Völker Andreas
Published: August 2019

Klinikbetreiber müssen die Sicherheit von Patienten, Angestellten und Besuchern jederzeit gewährleisten. Bricht Feuer aus, dann helfen Feuer- und Rauchschutzabschlüsse dabei. TÜV SÜD zeigt, wie sich die ­Systeme auch in großen Klinikbetrieben wirtschaftlich prüfen lassen. Das ist wichtig, damit die Brandschutztüren im Notfall zuverlässig funktionieren.
Krankenhausgärten: Grüne Ruheinseln
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: August 2019

Angesichts des Kostendrucks sind anspruchsvolle Klinikgärten vielen Krankenhausbetreibern zu teuer. Dabei fördern sie nicht nur den Heilungsprozess der Patienten, sondern bieten auch der Belegschaft erholsame Rückzugsorte. Sogar als Image- und Marketingfaktor sind sie nicht zu unterschätzen.
Effects of transmission line geometry on traveling-wave metal-insulator-metal rectenna infrared detectors
Authors: Pelz B. , Armanious M. , Moddel G.
Published: August 2019

The transmission line impedance of traveling-wave diodes can circumvent resistance-capacitance time constant limitations of metal-insulator-metal diodes in rectennas operating at optical frequencies. We performed three-dimensional simulations of a traveling-wave diode rectenna using a linear finite-element electromagnetic solver. We develop a method to analyze metal-insulator-metal traveling-wave rectennas by using the field profiles from the linear finite-element solver and accounting for the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics during postprocessing. The traveling-wave diode length produces resonance at half surface plasmon wavelength intervals. With optimized cross section and length parameters, we observe a peak system responsivity of 239μA/W and a detectivity of 5.7×104Jones.
Symmetries of linearized gravity from adjoint operators
Authors: Aksteiner Steffen , Bäckdahl Thomas
Published: August 2019

Based on operator identities and their formal adjoints, we derive two symmetry operators for the linearized Einstein operator on vacuum backgrounds of Petrov type D and, in particular, the Kerr spacetime. One of them is of differential order four and coincides with a result of Cohen and Kegeles. The other one is a new operator of differential order six. The corresponding operator identities are based on the Teukolsky equation and the Teukolsky-Starobinsky identities, respectively. The method applies to other field equations as well, which is illustrated with the Maxwell equation. The resulting symmetry operators are connected to Hertz and Debye potentials as well as to the separability of the Teukolsky equation for both Maxwell and linearized gravity.
Shielding effect of quantum plasma
Authors: Hu Hongwei , Li Li , Chen Zhanbin , Chen Wencong , Liu Xiaobin , Li Peng
Published: August 2019

Numerical comparisons of five screened potentials of dense plasma, namely, ion-sphere, Thomas-Fermi, generalized exponential-cosine, Shukla-Eliasson (SE), and Akbari-Moghanjoughi (AM), are conducted. Bound energy levels of ions in quantum plasma are calculated using the five screened potentials. Our results show that AM and SE models are different from the other three models.
Asymmetric gating for reducing leakage current in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors
Authors: Srimani T. , Hills G. , Zhao X. , Antoniadis D. , del Alamo J. A. , Shulaker M. M.
Published: August 2019

As continued silicon scaling is becoming increasingly challenging, emerging nanotechnologies such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being explored. However, experimental measurements of CNT Field-Effect Transistors (CNFETs) often exhibit substantial off-state leakage current (IOFF), resulting in increased leakage power and potential incorrect logic functionality. In this work, we (1) provide insight into a key component of this off-state leakage current and experimentally demonstrate that it stems from gate-induced drain leakage commonly referred to as GIDL, (2) provide an experimentally calibrated model that closely matches our measured results, and (3) demonstrate a path for mitigating GIDL current by engineering CNFET geometries with asymmetric gates: local back-gate CNFETs whose gate overlaps the source but not the drain. We demonstrate experimentally that this approach can reduce off-state leakage current by >60× at the same bias voltage (implemented across a wide range of scaled CNFETs with gate lengths ranging from >2 μm to 180 nm). This reduced leakage current due to the asymmetric gates translates to additional energy-efficiency benefits for CNFETs. Thus, this work addresses a key challenge facing CNFET-based electronics (while simultaneously providing additional energy-efficiency benefits) and is applicable to a wide-range of emerging one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanomaterials.
Design and characterization of a recirculating liquid-microjet photoelectron spectrometer for multiphoton ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Riley Jamie W. , Wang Bingxing , Parkes Michael A. , Fielding Helen H.
Published: August 2019

A new recirculating liquid-microjet photoelectron spectrometer for multiphoton ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy is described. A recirculating system is essential for studying samples that are only available in relatively small quantities. The reduction in background pressure when using the recirculating system compared to a liquid-nitrogen cold-trap results in a significant improvement in the quality of the photoelectron spectra. Moreover, the recirculating system results in a negligible streaming potential. The instrument design, operation, and characterization are described in detail, and its performance is illustrated by comparing a photoelectron spectrum of aqueous phenol recorded using the recirculating system with one recorded using a liquid nitrogen cold-trap.
Improvement in Thomson scattering diagnostic precision via fitting the multiple-wavenumber spectra simultaneously
Authors: Liu Yaoyuan , Ding Yongkun , Zheng Jian
Published: August 2019

Thomson scattering (TS) is a powerful diagnostics for understanding the plasma conditions in high energy density experiments. With the aid of Monte Carlo simulation and statistical analysis, we demonstrated unreported high precisions of ne, Te, Ti, etc., via fitting the multiple-wavenumber spectra of ion-acoustic featured TS simultaneously. For instance, utilizing this method in the current typical conditions on SG-180kJ laser facility, the precisions of ne, Te would be better than 8% and 0.5%, respectively. We presented the fitting precisions at different cases and the chi-square trends of the single- and dual-branch TS. This diagnostic technique is found to be applicable within a wide range of plasma parameters and wavenumbers, which is practical to prompt much more precise plasma diagnostics in experiments.
Effects of continuously increasing pitching and plunging amplitudes on the aerodynamic forces of flapping airfoils
Authors: Hu Jun , Xuan Haibin , Yu Yong , Zhang Jiaolong
Published: August 2019

Recently, numerous studies have been conducted to clarify the effects of the increases in pitching and plunging amplitudes of flapping wings on thrust and lift generation. In the present study, the effects of continuously increasing pitching and plunging amplitudes on the aerodynamic performances of a two-dimensional (2D) flapping wing are investigated computationally. Continuously increasing pitching and plunging amplitudes have significant effects on the rate of leading-edge vortex (LEV) development and the time of LEV separation; as a result, the aerodynamic performance is influenced. Lift and thrust are gradually improved with increasing pitching and plunging amplitudes; however, higher amplitudes induce the production of drag forces. Furthermore, to compare the contributions of the pitching and plunging amplitudes, we conducted simulations with pure pitching or plunging amplitude increases while keeping the other factors constant. With the increase in pitching amplitude, the vortex on the upper surface becomes weaker during the downstroke and leads to the production of a vortex on the lower surface. During the upstroke, the effect of the increase in pitching amplitude on the vortex has a symmetric influence against the downstroke. The change in pitching amplitude has little effect on the lift and thrust but leads to the production of drag forces. When the plunging amplitude increases, the LEV and the second kind of vortex, the trailing-edge vortex (TEV), becomes stronger, which will cause a concurrent increase in lift and thrust. The increase in plunging amplitude greatly improves lift and can also enhance thrust.
New theoretical tool allows for direct and simple measurement of bulk electrolyte solutions
Authors: Zhang Zhengzheng
Published: August 2019

Scientists used the finite field approach to theoretically study the behavior of bulk aqueous electrolyte solutions, discovering many conceptual advantages over existing theoretical methods.
Glucocorticoid exposure during hippocampal neurogenesis primes future stress response by inducing changes in DNA methylation
Authors: Provençal Nadine , Arloth Janine , Cattaneo Annamaria , Anacker Christoph , Cattane Nadia , Wiechmann Tobias , Röh Simone , Ködel Maik , Klengel Torsten , Czamara Darina , Müller Nikola S. , Lahti Jari ,   PREDO team, Räikkönen Katri , Pariante Carmine M. , Binder Elisabeth B. , Kajantie Eero , Hämäläinen Esa , Villa Pia , Laivuori Hannele
Published: August 2019

Significance

Prenatal stress exposure is associated with a wide range of health problems later in life. This may be mediated in part via glucocorticoid (GC) exposure during fetal development known to impact neurogenesis and induce epigenetic changes. Using a human fetal hippocampal progenitor cell line to assess the effects of GCs, we observe that exposure to GCs early during neurogenesis results in lasting changes in DNA methylation (DNAm). Lasting DNAm alterations are associated with significantly enhanced transcriptional response to a subsequent GC exposure. Our data suggest that early exposure to GCs changes the set point of future transcriptional responses to stress by inducing lasting DNAm changes. Such altered set points may relate to differential vulnerability to stress exposure later in life.
The Hsp70 chaperone is a major player in stress-induced transposable element activation
Authors: Cappucci Ugo , Noro Fabrizia , Casale Assunta Maria , Fanti Laura , Berloco Maria , Alagia Angela Alessandra , Grassi Luigi , Le Pera Loredana , Piacentini Lucia , Pimpinelli Sergio
Published: August 2019

Significance

We have identified, by genetic and cytological analyses, the minimal components of a chaperone complex involved in transposon (TE) silencing in
Drosophila
germ cells. We found that, after heat shock, the stress-inducible Hsp70 chaperone interacts with the chaperone complex and factors involved in piRNAs biogenesis in both ovaries and testes. Hsp70 induces displacement of these factors to the lysosomes. Concomitantly, we observed a significant activation of TEs at the posttranscriptional level, suggesting an involvement of Hsp70 in TE activation after stress. We propose that such a mechanism has evolutionary implications for the genome’s response to environmental stress.
“It was on my mind all day”
Authors: Kolb Waltraud
Published: August 2019

This paper explores authentically situated translation processes of literary translators, based on an empirical study of five professional German literary translators translating a short story by Ernest Hemingway. It focuses on macro-level workplace dynamics: How do translators working from home organize their task? With whom do they interact? Situational factors will emerge as constitutive elements of translatorial cognition and action, and it will be shown how the fragmentation of the translation process and the blurring of boundaries between the professional and personal spheres of life significantly impact the emergence of the translator’s voice and the translation product.