bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrative Leadership and Cross-Sector Reforms: High School Career Academy Implementation in an Urban District
Authors: Malin Joel R. , Hackmann Donald G.
Published: June 2018

Purpose: This study analyzed leadership structures, processes, and practices that have enabled and constrained an ambitious career and college readiness reform within an urban school district. It was designed to discern how leaders worked across cross-sector boundaries to support district-wide high school career academy implementation. Research Method: Case study methodology was applied to examine a long-standing cross-sector collaborative partnership that supports the district’s career academy reforms. Data were collected over 15 months through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Crosby and Bryson’s integrative leadership theoretical framework guided data collection and analyses. Findings: The integrative leadership framework was suitable for understanding the boundary-spanning leadership work that was occurring, involving school leaders, civic officials, and business members in leadership roles to support academy reforms. As expected, for example, system turbulence was key to the reform’s initiation, establishing legitimacy was arduous and important, and numerous facilitative structures were developed. Some nuances were also apparent. For instance, we noted the motivating power of the shared goal to enhance the relevance of student educational experiences, while business and civic leaders were particularly interested in developing student employment skills. We also noted formidable political opposition and the development of a new, cross-sector power structure. Implications for Research, Policy, and Practice: Current educational theory is inadequate to explain leadership practices and provide guidance as school leaders increasingly enter into cross-sector collaborations. Scholars should seek to address this issue by prioritizing this line of research. Practitioners can benefit from insights gained by applying the integrated leadership framework to cross-sector initiatives.
The Effect of Cognitive Load and Task Complexity on Automation Bias in Electronic Prescribing
Authors: Lyell David , Magrabi Farah , Coiera Enrico
Published: June 2018

Objective:

Determine the relationship between cognitive load (CL) and automation bias (AB).

Background:

Clinical decision support (CDS) for electronic prescribing can improve safety but introduces the risk of AB, where reliance on CDS replaces vigilance in information seeking and processing. We hypothesized high CL generated by high task complexity would increase AB errors.

Method:

One hundred twenty medical students prescribed medicines for clinical scenarios using a simulated e-prescribing system in a randomized controlled experiment. Quality of CDS (correct, incorrect, and no CDS) and task complexity (low and high) were varied. CL, omission errors (failure to detect prescribing errors), and commission errors (acceptance of false positive alerts) were measured.

Results:

Increasing complexity from low to high significantly increased CL, F(1, 118) = 71.6, p < .001. CDS reduced CL in high-complexity conditions compared to no CDS, F(2, 117) = 4.72, p = .015. Participants who made omission errors in incorrect and no CDS conditions exhibited lower CL compared to those who did not, F(1, 636.49) = 3.79, p = .023.

Conclusion:

Results challenge the notion that AB is triggered by increasing task complexity and associated increases in CL. Omission errors were associated with lower CL, suggesting errors may stem from an insufficient allocation of cognitive resources.

Application:

This is the first research to examine the relationship between CL and AB. Findings suggest designers and users of CDS systems need to be aware of the risks of AB. Interventions that increase user vigilance and engagement may be beneficial and deserve further investigation.
‘Too Scared to Prosecute and Too Scared to Jail?’ A Critical and Comparative Analysis of Enforcement of Financial Crime Legislation Against Corporations in the USA and the UK
Authors: Ryder Nicholas
Published: June 2018

This article has two aims. First, it critically considers the responses towards tackling corporate financial crime in the USA. Secondly, it analyses the UK’s efforts to tackle corporate financial crime and then compares them with the USA. The USA presents an interesting case study for this article due to its robust and aggressive stances towards tackling financial crime and also because it is one of the largest financial markets. Similarly, the UK has adopted a strong stance towards tackling financial crime and is also regarded as one of the most important global financial centres. Therefore, by comparing the two contrasting approaches towards corporate financial crime, it is hoped that the best practices from each country could be adopted. The first section of the article concentrates on the judicial response towards corporate financial crime in the USA and it then moves onto highlight and critique the decision of the US Department of Justice (DoJ) to alter its enforcement policy by moving away from indicting corporations to using deferred prosecution agreements (DPAs). Here, the continued use of DPAs is questioned because they have had a limited impact on the future conduct of corporations who are persistent reoffenders. The article sets out a wide range of arguments for why DPAs should not be the enforcement weapon of choice for the DoJ. The final part of this section critiques the ability of law enforcement and financial regulatory agencies to impose financial penalties and bring civil actions for a wide range of financial crimes under the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act 1989. The second part of the article concentrates on the UK and concisely assesses the doctrine of corporate criminal liability, thus identifying the contrasting judicial approaches with the USA. The next section discusses the use of DPAs for breaches of the Bribery Act 2010 by the Serious Fraud Office. The section advocates that in the UK, DPAs must be utilised for a broader range of financial crime offences, thus drawing on the US model. The penultimate segment of the article identifies and comments on several alternative enforcement measures which could be used to counteract the limitations of the doctrine of corporate criminal responsibility in financial crime cases. This distinctively includes the Financial Conduct Authority’s Senior Managers and Certification Regime, its ability to impose financial penalties and to revoke the authorisation of a regulated corporation. The article concludes by making a number of recommendations and suggested reforms, thus further developing the scope of this research.
Hydrogen Peroxide Might Bleach Natural Dentin by Oxidizing Phosphoprotein
Authors: Jiang T. , Guo Y.R. , Feng X.W. , Sa Y. , Yang X. , Wang M. , Li P. , Wang Y.N.
Published: June 2018

Recent studies suggested that bleaching agents may whiten teeth by oxidizing the fluorescent materials, which are the proteins located in the organic-inorganic interface. Therefore, we postulated that fluorescence of dentin came from dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) and that bleaching agents might bleach dentin by oxidizing DPP. Fifty-six specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups and exposed to distilled water, hydrogen peroxide (HP), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA), and acetic acid for 24 h. After measuring the organic and inorganic components, fluorescence, and color characteristics of dentin before and after exposure, we found that when DPP was removed from dentin by EDTA, fluorescent intensity declined proportionally with the reduction in Raman relative intensity, and dentin was whitened considerably, with an Δ E value 6 times higher than that of the distilled water group. On the contrary, due to the incapability of acetic acid to dissolve DPP during decalcification, fluorescent intensity values and tooth color remained nearly unchanged after exposure to acetic acid. Dentin exposed to neutral HP showed no obvious morphologic and organic/inorganic component changes except for the destruction of DPP. Similarly, dramatically decreased fluorescent intensity and lightened color were found in the HP group. Moreover, DPP solution of the HP group exhibited decreased ultraviolet absorbance, especially between 250 and 300 nm, which arose from aromatic amino acids. The results indicated that DPP was responsible for the fluorescent properties of dentin and that HP might bleach dentin by the oxidization of aromatic amino acids in DPP. These findings are of great significance in promoting our further understanding of the mechanism of tooth bleaching and the fluorescent property of normal dentin.
The Feeling of Meaning: A Meditation on Coordinated Meaning Making
Authors: Cole Kermit A.
Published: June 2018

The term “psychosis” is used as if it denotes an organic brain abnormality, either known or yet-to-be-discovered. However, I believe its only meaningful use is to describe speech or behavior we do not understand and which frightens us. In this article, I explore how I came to an understanding of how “reality” (which we might also call “meaning” or “clarity” for this purpose) arises in the space between people, as well as how this process can go awry. I offer some objects of attention for implementing these ideas in a clinical context.
Representational Bias in the Radial Axis in Children With Dyslexia: A Landmarks Alignment Study
Authors: Michel Carine , Quercia Patrick , Joubert Lise
Published: June 2018

To better identify the distinctive characteristics of space representation in the radial dimension, we have proposed a new paradigm: the landmarks alignment task where two parallel aluminum bars were radially presented. Children had to move a landmark along one bar and place it at the same location as the reference landmark placed by the examiner on the parallel bar. The major interest of this task was its capacity to assess space representation in the radial dimension when considering a spatial landmark that oriented the subject’s attention toward the orthogonal dimension. The most important result showed that in the radial dimension children with dyslexia exhibited a forward bias on the left bar, meaning a mental underrepresentation of the leftward peripersonal space and/or a mental overrepresentation of the rightward peripersonal space. Furthermore, reading discrepancies were correlated with radial forward bias on the left bar. The experiment was also conducted in the lateral axis, showing a pseudoneglect behavior in children without dyslexia. Our landmarks alignment task had the advantage of being able to assess space representation in a complex environment. The forward radial representational bias in children with dyslexia could have implications for spatial orientation in peripersonal workspace in school situations.
The Emergence of Children’s Multicultural Sensitivity: An Elementary School Music Culture Project
Authors: Howard Karen
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this ethnographic study was to examine student outcomes of a curriculum designed to address the overlapping aims and practices of music education and multicultural education ideals in a fifth-grade music class. The following questions guided the research: What are the student outcomes as a result of a traditional music curriculum when it is designed to focus on selected musical cultures of Africa and the African diaspora? Are children capable of developing cultural understanding through a process of learning experiences that include emphasis on the sociocultural features of the musical cultures? What are the culturally specific musical skills that children develop in classes based on the goals of multicultural and music education? A curriculum was created to explore five selected musical cultures. This was followed by an examination of children’s responses and perspectives and the impact of the learning experiences. The most pertinent themes were: cultural authenticity in performance, social bias, and multicultural sensitivity. This study benefits music educators by offering evidence that children can develop musical and social understandings as a result of curricular design and consequently, how that learning shapes children’s understanding of processes that are historical, cultural, and even democratic.
Intellectual property protection for plants
Authors: Jovanović Slobodanka S , Veljović Sonja P , Cvijović Jelena D
Published: June 2018

The production of raspberries is an important and highly valuable part of the agroindustry, which provides direct use of fruits and their application in the food processing and confectionery industry. Acceptance of plant intellectual property protection additionally influences the introduction of new development programs in this field and expansion of new products. Two approaches in plant intellectual property protection have been developed on a global level: the American approach that allows patentability for plants and the European approach that includes an exemption in relation to the patentability of plant varieties. In both cases, the protection of new varieties is regulated by a special system of variety protection. This article presents a comparison of those two plant variety protection systems and the comparison between Serbian and US raspberry production and innovation in this field, since these countries are among the five major producers of raspberries and raspberry products in the world; therefore, intellectual property protection of raspberry varieties is an especially important issue to them. The area harvested with raspberries in the United States is over 3000 ha smaller than in Serbia, but the production of this fruit is significantly higher. The continuous development of new varieties, primarily adapted to the growing conditions in US regions, has strongly increased the yield of this fruit.
Perspectives on the use of unmanned aerial systems to monitor cattle
Authors: Barbedo Jayme Garcia Arnal , Koenigkan Luciano Vieira
Published: June 2018

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) in agriculture has been growing steadily in the last decade, but their use to monitor and count cattle has been very limited. This article analyses the reasons for this apparent lack of progress, considering both the technical challenges and the difficulties in defining target users who would benefit from a UAS-based system for monitoring cattle. Such an analysis is combined with the findings reported in several investigations dedicated to counting and monitoring wildlife to draw a comprehensive picture on the current situation, to suggest possible solutions to technical issues and to delineate applications that could be useful to both cattle farmers and governments. The text concludes by showing that there are unexplored viable uses for UAS in livestock monitoring, especially in countries like Brazil, where extensive stockbreeding prevails.
Eurasianism versus IndoGermanism: Linguistics and mythology in the 1930s’ controversies over European prehistory
Authors: Geroulanos Stefanos , Phillips Jamie
Published: June 2018

In 1935, the Russian linguist Prince Nicolai S. Trubetskoi and the French mythologist Georges Dumézil engaged in a vicious debate over a seemingly obscure subject: the structure of Northwest Caucasian languages. Based on unknown archival material in French, German, and Russian, this essay uses the debate as a pathway into the 1930s scientific and political stakes of IndoEuropeanism – the belief that European cultures emerged through the spread of a single IndoEuropean people out of a single “motherland.” Each of the two authors held strong commitments to visions of European order and its origins – in “Eurasia” for Trubetskoi and a Northern European Heimat for Dumézil. The North Caucasus, long a privileged site for Russian and European scholars, now became key to the renegotiation of the origins and reach of imagined prehistoric IndoEuropean conquerors, but also the 1930s’ debate over the value of different disciplines (linguistics, mythology, archaeology, folklore studies) for the origins of language, myth, and the European deep past. As a moment in the history of modern speculations about prehistory, pursued in the shadow of Nazi scholarship, the debate transformed fields of research – notably linguistics, comparative mythology, and structuralism – and the assumptions about the shape of Europe.
Model aided airborne integrated navigation system based on an improved square-root unscented H∞ filter
Authors: Shen Jieliang , Su Yan , Liang Qing , Zhu Xinhua
Published: June 2018

An inertial navigation system (INS) aided with an aircraft dynamic model (ADM) is developed as a novel airborne integrated navigation system, coping with the absence of a global navigation satellite system. To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional linear integration of INS/ADM based on an extended Kalman filter, a nonlinear integration method is proposed. Fast-update ADM makes it possible to utilize a direct filtering method, which employs nonlinear INS mechanics as system equations and a nonlinear ADM as observation equations, substituting the indirect filtering based on linear error equations. The strong nonlinearity generally calls for an unscented Kalman filter to accomplish the fusion process. Dealing with the model uncertainty, the inaccurate statistical characteristics of the noise and the potential nonpositive definiteness of the covariance matrix, an improved square-root unscented H∞ filter (ISRUHF) is derived in the paper, in which the robust factor [Formula: see text] is further expanded into a diagonal matrix [Formula: see text], to improve the accuracy and robustness of the integrated navigation system. Corresponding simulations as well as real flight tests based on a small-scale fixed-wing aircraft are operated and ISRUHF shows superiority compared with the commonly used fusion algorithm.
The Retrospective Evaluation of Positive and Negative Affect
Authors: Ganzach Yoav , Yaor Einat
Published: June 2018

A vast amount of literature examined the relationship between retrospective affective evaluations and evaluations of affective experiences. This literature has focused on simple momentary experiences, and was based on a unidimensional concept of affect. The current article examines the relationships between evaluations of complex experiences, experiences involving both positive and negative feelings, and the retrospective evaluation of these experiences. Based on the idea that negative information is better remembered than positive information, we predict that in comparison with negative retrospective evaluations, positive evaluations have a stronger correlation with end affect and a weaker correlation with peak affect. These predictions are tested in two studies. We explore boundary conditions for these effects and demonstrate the implications of the asymmetry between positive and negative affect to various topics that are at the center of affect research: the dimensionality of affective experiences, the memory-experience gap, and the analysis of net affect.
Who Is Less Likely to Ostracize? Higher Trait Mindfulness Predicts More Inclusionary Behavior
Authors: Jones Eric E. , Wirth James H. , Ramsey Alex T. , Wynsma Rebecca L.
Published: June 2018

Despite the pain ostracism (being excluded and ignored) causes, researchers have minimally investigated factors related to reducing its occurrence. We investigated the association between higher trait mindfulness (the tendency to be attentive to the present moment) and lower engagement in ostracism. In Study 1, employed adults scoring higher on trait mindfulness reported ostracizing coworkers less. In Study 2, participants possessing higher levels of trait mindfulness demonstrated greater inclusion of a fellow group member being ostracized by others in the group. Results suggested that attention, rather than empathy, was the psychological process responsible for greater inclusion of an ostracized group member by mindful individuals. Study 3 supported this conclusion because participants responded similarly to those high in trait mindfulness when they were instructed to pay attention and ensure all players were included equally. Overall, we found that people with higher levels of trait mindfulness are more attentive to targets of ostracism.
Families’ Division of Labor and Social Networks in the 21st Century: Revisiting Elizabeth Bott’s Classic Hypotheses
Authors: Rözer Jesper , Mollenhorst Gerald , Volker Beate
Published: June 2018

In 1957, Elizabeth Bott argued that the organization of family and social networks are intertwined and that the structure and composition of social networks are associated with the ways in which spouses divide household and paid labor. While this idea became a classic in the literature addressing the division of labor, societies have changed tremendously in the past 50 years, and it has become far more common for spouses to divide their labor more equally. In addition, the causal direction is not clear: Do networks affect the division of labor or vice versa? We inquired as to the causal relationship using a large-scale longitudinal data set, collected in 2009/2010 and 2011/2012 ( n = 2477; PAIRFAM [Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics]). We found moderate support for the hypothesis that personal networks influence the division of labor in households, but there were stronger effects for the reverse—that is, that the division of labor affects network patterns, particularly for women.
Contingent coping? Renegotiating ‘fast’ disciplinary social policy at street level: Implementing the UK Troubled Families Programme
Authors: Hargreaves Charlotte , Hodgson Phil , Mohamed Jayne Noor , Nunn Alex
Published: June 2018

This article reports on a study of local implementation in the UK Troubled Families Programme (TFP). Exploring the experiences of 12 families, the policies of local bureaucrats, and a critical reading of the literature, we argue that the local case represented an attempt to partially renegotiate disciplinary elements of the national programme and to recognise that the families were affected by structural poverty and inequality. Locating the TFP in the literature on disciplinary social policy, multi-scale ‘Fast Policy’ and the potential for local subversion through the agency of frontline workers, we suggest that the local attempts to renegotiate programme priorities were partially successful. These attempts were characteristic of ‘contingent coping’ in terms of both institutional processes and outcomes for the families involved. The evidence reported is significant and timely in the context of the expanded and relaunched TFP and this shapes our commentary on the recently published Improving Lives strategy.
Vocabulary instruction for an English language learner with visual impairment: A multiple-components intervention including tactile representations
Authors: Leavitt Rachael Rose , Athanasiou Michelle S , Sanchez Katherine
Published: June 2018

English language learners with visual impairment are an underserved, under-researched group. One particular challenge faced by educators is conveying content knowledge in the secondary setting, particularly if students lack the expected background knowledge for coursework. In this study, an English language learner with visual impairment was taught biology vocabulary using tactile representations, along with the more traditional strategies of vocabulary in context and morphology. Using a multiple baselines design, the intervention was found to improve the student’s knowledge. Results support the use of tactile representations along with language-based vocabulary teaching for English language learners with visual impairment.
Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications
Authors: Lemercier Clément E , Terhune Devin B
Published: June 2018

Background:

Recent research on psychedelics and hypnosis demonstrates the value of both methods in the treatment of a range of psychopathologies with overlapping applications and neurophenomenological features. The potential of harnessing the power of suggestion to influence the phenomenological response to psychedelics toward more therapeutic action has remained unexplored in recent research and thereby warrants empirical attention.

Aims:

Here we aim to elucidate the phenomenological and neurophysiological similarities and dissimilarities between psychedelic states and hypnosis in order to revisit how contemporary knowledge may inform their conjunct usage in psychotherapy.

Methods:

We review recent advances in phenomenological and neurophysiological research on psychedelics and hypnosis, and we summarize early investigations on the coupling of psychedelics and hypnosis in scientific and therapeutic contexts.

Results/outcomes:

We highlight commonalities and differences between psychedelics and hypnosis that point to the potential efficacy of combining the two in psychotherapy. We propose multiple research paths for coupling these two phenomena at different stages in the preparation, acute phase and follow-up of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in order to prepare, guide and integrate the psychedelic experience with the aim of enhancing therapeutic outcomes.

Conclusions/interpretation:

Harnessing the power of suggestion to modulate response to psychedelics could enhance their therapeutic efficacy by helping to increase the likelihood of positive responses, including mystical-type experiences.
Isoflurane decreases interleukin-2 production by increasing c-Cbl and Cbl-b expression in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Choi Ji Won , Shin Byung Seop
Published: June 2018

Objective

To evaluate how isoflurane affects T-cell function by assaying interleukin (IL)-2 production and the expression of two Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) family proto-oncogenes (c-Cbl and Cbl-b) in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Methods

Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated to those that underwent blood collection after brief isoflurane anesthesia (control group), immediately after 4 hours of isoflurane general anesthesia (4I group), and 1 day after 4 hours of isoflurane general anesthesia (1D 4I group). IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6 mRNA levels and c-Cbl and Cbl-b levels in PBMCs were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Ubiquitination of protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) and phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) in PBMCs was assessed by immunoprecipitation.

Results

The IL-2 mRNA level in rat PBMCs was significantly lower in the 4I and 1D 4I groups than in the control group. c-Cbl, Cbl-b, and ubiquitin expression was significantly increased and zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70, PLC-γ1, and PKCθ protein levels were significantly decreased in the 4I group. Ubiquitination of PLC-γ1 and PKCθ was significantly increased in the 4I group.

Conclusion

Isoflurane influences ubiquitin, c-Cbl, and Cbl-b expression in rat PBMCs, indicating suppression of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. These results suggest that isoflurane suppresses T-cell function.
Association between cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction and the severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Chen Yafei , Yu Yijun , Zou Wusong , Zhang Mingjing , Wang Yuting , Gu Ye
Published: June 2018

Objective

Autonomic dysfunction is recognized in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and is related to worse cardiovascular outcome. This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic nervous function by heart rate recovery (HRR) and heart rate variability (HRV), and demonstrate their relationship with the severity of coronary lesions in patients with stable CAD (SCAD).

Methods

Consecutive patients without CAD (controls, n = 65) and those with SCAD (n = 63) were included in this study. Patients with SCAD were further divided into single- or two-/three-vessel disease, as well as <70% or ≥70% stenosis subgroups. The association between HRR/HRV and coronary lesions was analysed.

Results

HRR and HRV values were significantly lower in the SCAD group compared with the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal HRR and HRV were risk factors of SCAD. Moreover, delayed HRR was a risk factor of the severity of coronary lesions.

Conclusions

Our results show that autonomic function is impaired in patients with SCAD and delayed HRR is closely related to the severity of coronary lesions.
Teaching austerity to working-class students: Toward a new ‘common sense’
Authors: Wells Richard
Published: June 2018

To understand the contradictory power of austerity politics and, indeed, to teach about this contradictory power, the ideas of Antonio Gramsci provide an important guide. Austerity politics has a ‘there is no alternative’ durability derived from both the ruling class power behind it and the kernels of common sense that anchor it in everyday concerns of the majority. The challenge, therefore, is not simply a matter of practical politics and organizing. It is fundamentally a matter of political education, Gramsci-style: that slow and difficult work of creating, through carefully facilitated dialogue among the ‘subaltern’ classes, the kinds of alternative perspectives which reveal austerity for what it is and point to more equitable futures. This article explores a piece of this critical work. For theoretical context, it examines some key Gramscian terms – Hegemony, ‘common’, and ‘good sense’ – in order to surface their educational relevance. Then it explores the particular field of cultural experience, narrative, and meaning that shapes how the working-class students the author works with in a University-based labor studies program in New York City engage with college-level education and certain themes associated with austerity. Last, the article describes how, in a classroom-based analysis of the Fiscal Crisis in New York City in the mid-1970s, dialogue can create collective and critical understanding about austerity. The result is a small but important step toward a new common sense.
Occupations, not Occupy!
Authors: Gall Gregor
Published: June 2018

Although vastly outnumbered by strikes, workplace occupations were a relatively well-used tactic in Britain in the 1970s and 1980s, because they allowed workers to exercise more influence from inside the workplace than outside the workplace. Yet the tactic has been little used in the new millennium when workplace closures abounded. A successful occupation by workers at Burntisland Fabrications in late 2017 is used as a lens by which to reconsider the tactic’s utility and the frequency of its usage. This is critical to understanding the specific contexts of when the process of occupation can result in a positive outcome for workers as well as for what particular purposes it is now used.
CSR disclosure and financial performance revisited: A cross-country analysis
Authors: Beck Cornelia , Frost Geoffrey , Jones Stewart
Published: June 2018

The relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) has been the subject of intensive research. However, limitations with this literature include the use of localised samples, poorly specified control variables and self-constructed CSR disclosure measures that may not represent a firm’s actual CSR performance. Answering the call for ‘better’ CSR research in this field, as well as extending research to a cross-country analysis, this study examines the relationship between corporate CSR engagement (measured by diversity in voluntary disclosure practices) and financial performance across three reporting jurisdictions: Australia, Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. We use the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework to rate companies on their CSR engagement and control for actual CSR performance using the Vigeo-Eiris CSR sustainability ratings as the proxy measure. Based on a sample of 116 large public companies, we find evidence that CSR engagement can be indicative of actual CSR performance. We also find evidence of a significant relationship between CSR engagement and financial performance, even after controlling for the CSR performance proxy, firm size, industry-level fixed effects, financial risk and type of assurer. The results appear to be robust across national reporting jurisdictions and alternative CSR metrics constructed from the CSR engagement measure.

JEL classification: M41, M14
Intentional Invisibility: Professional Women and the Navigation of Workplace Constraints
Authors: Ballakrishnen Swethaa , Fielding-Singh Priya , Magliozzi Devon
Published: June 2018

Drawing on an in-depth case study at a large nonprofit organization, we find, in line with previous scholarship, that women professionals continue to face biased expectations at work and at home. We leverage data from interviews and participant observation to identify a new strategy that women use to navigate professional constraints created by the second shift and workplace double binds: “intentional invisibility.” Intentional invisibility refers to a set of risk-averse, conflict-avoidant strategies that women professionals in our study employ to feel authentic, manage competing expectations in the office, and balance work and familial responsibilities. We find women across the organization reporting intentionally remaining behind the scenes in attempts to avoid backlash and maintain a professional status quo. While intentional invisibility allows women to successfully navigate gender unequal professional and personal landscapes, it could simultaneously present an additional challenge to career advancement.
The Entanglements of Uncertainty
Authors: Beauregard Robert
Published: June 2018

This article revisits the theme of uncertainty in planning thought. I argue that to manage the punitive consequences of uncertainty we have to acknowledge it as a socio-material condition. Uncertainty is neither a psychological state, nor a cognitive deficiency, nor a quality of external reality. Rather, it becomes manifest when we act in and engage with the world. To this extent, and to navigate uncertainty, planners have to develop strong collaborations that can resist threats. My argument draws on actor network theory and Peter Marris’s writings on the unequal distribution of resources and relationships necessary for overcoming the disruptions of uncertainty.
Evaluation of a Social Norms Sexual Violence Prevention Marketing Campaign Targeted Toward College Men: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors Over 5 Years
Authors: Mennicke Annelise , Kennedy Stephanie C. , Gromer Jill , Klem-O’Connor Mara
Published: June 2018

The article evaluates the effectiveness of a 5-year social norms sexual violence prevention marketing campaign designed specifically for men on a large public university in the Southeastern United States. From 2010 through 2014, 4,158 men were asked about their self-reported attitudes, beliefs, and behavior related to sexual violence as well as their perception of their peers’ attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. Using social norms theory, a social norms marketing campaign was developed to target highly discrepant attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. Results indicate that both self-reported and perception of peer attitudes and beliefs improved over time, and the discrepancy between the two reduced over time. In addition, the frequency of positive and prosocial self-reported behavior increased on five of the six indicators. This study represents a significant contribution to the literature, as it uses 5 years of data and includes behavioral indicators to add evidence for the efficacy of targeting misperceptions of social norms as a mechanism to engage men in gender-based violence prevention.
Resisting Unwanted Sexual and Social Advances: Perspectives of College Women and Men
Authors: Orchowski Lindsay M. , Gidycz Christine A. , Kraft Kathryn
Published: June 2018

This study examines college men’s ( N = 635) and women’s ( N = 650) reports of women’s resistance against unwanted sexual and social advances. Men completed surveys to assess (a) initiation of unwanted sexual contact with a female partner, (b) initiation of unwanted sexual intercourse with a female partner, (c) sexual situations where a female partner decided she did not want to proceed, (d) encouraging a woman to drink when they were aware that the woman did not want to, and (e) attempting to take a woman to an isolated location against her will. Women completed corresponding questionnaires regarding the receipt of such unwanted advances, the outcome of the situation, and the resistance tactics utilized. Many men (5%-46%) and women (15%-38%) initiated or experienced, respectively, at least one of the five unwanted sexual or social advances. Unwanted sexual and social advances most often stopped as a result of women’s verbal and physical resistance. Few advances (0%-8%) stopped as a result of bystander intervention. In addition to decreasing men’s likelihood of engaging in unwanted sexual and social advances, these data highlight the importance of educating women on the effectiveness of verbal and physical resistance tactics, and increasing the frequency of prosocial bystander action on college campuses.
“Everybody Loved Each Other There”: Roma Memories of the One-Time Cinka Panna Colony in Oradea and Its Liquidation during the Communist Times
Authors: Plainer Zsuzsa
Published: June 2018

This article is part of the special cluster titled Social practices of remembering and forgetting of the communist past in Central and Eastern Europe, guest edited by Malgorzata Glowacka-Grajper

This study deals with the liquidation of a Roma colony from the Romanian town of Oradea during the 1970s. Colony life, as well as the process of removal, demolition of the houses, and relocation of the inhabitants into blocks of flats, is mainly grasped through Roma narratives collected from 2011 onwards. But here we do not narrow down remembering communism to a mere collection of untold stories from the past. Based on the framework developed by Maria Todorova for the study of remembering communism, the following questions are addressed: How is the pre-1989 condition of the Roma revealed through their narratives? What do these say about the condition of the Roma during state socialism? How do past events influence the present-day marginalization of the group? A comparison of the socialist and post-socialist conditions of the Roma could be considered an important issue in forming an account of this ethno-racial group in Eastern Europe. It is so, as—despite the current research, which is small in number, various interpretations exist, raising the demand for scholars to address this issue.
Post-peasant Memories: Populist or Communist Nostalgia
Authors: Buzalka Juraj
Published: June 2018

This article is part of the special cluster titled Social practices of remembering and forgetting of the communist past in Central and Eastern Europe, guest edited by Malgorzata Glowacka-Grajper

In this article, I argue against the primary perception of communist nostalgia as either longing for social security or the “dark ages” of anti-communist narratives. I suggest we look deeper into people’s everyday economic practices and ideas under communism, and their transmission and/or re-invention by contemporary populism, to understand the present-day role of nostalgia. Using material gathered mostly in Slovakia, I argue for a fuller understanding of the ambivalent role that communist modernization played in developing the specific model of livelihood strategies, ideas, and practices I call post-peasant. This people’s economy is widely remembered as an unintended consequence of communist modernization, not as an integral product of it. This economic model is further mobilized by skilled populist politicians. It is not the memory of socialism, but an understanding of a “people’s economy” and politics developed under socialism and transmitted across regimes, one I characterize as “post-peasant,” that people are actually nostalgic about.
Memory in Post-communist Europe: Controversies over Identity, Conflicts, and Nostalgia
Authors: Głowacka-Grajper Małgorzata
Published: June 2018

This article is part of the special cluster titled Social practices of remembering and forgetting of the communist past in Central and Eastern Europe, guest edited by Malgorzata Glowacka-Grajper

Controversies over social memory form an important aspect of reality in the post-communist countries of Eastern Europe. On the one hand, there are debates about coming to terms with the communist past and the Second World War that preceded it (because important parts of the memory of the war were “frozen” during the communist era), and, on the other hand, and intimately connected to that, are discussions about the constant influence of communism on the current situation. This article presents some of the main trends in research on collective memory in the post-communist countries of Eastern Europe and reveals similarities and differences in the process of memorialization of communism in the countries of the region. Although there are works devoted to a comparative analysis of memory usage and its various interpretations in the political sphere in the countries of Eastern Europe, there are still many issues concerning daily practices (economic, religious, and cultural) associated with varying interpretations of the war and the communist past which needs further elaboration and analysis.
On the Limits of “Trans Enough”: Authenticating Trans Identity Narratives
Authors: Garrison Spencer
Published: June 2018

Existing (binary) understandings of gender affirm some types of gendered accounts as “authentic,” while others are discredited or obscured. As a consequence, many transgender people express anxiety about whether their experience of gender can be distilled into a narrative that is intelligible to others and appears consistent over time. In this article, I assess the identity narratives produced by two cohorts of trans respondents—binary-identified respondents, and non-binary respondents—as a means of understanding the narrative strategies that respondents employ to establish themselves as “authentically” trans. To affirm themselves as trans, I find that non-binary participants tended to elide or to minimize potential inconsistencies in their stories, producing narratives that reflect dominant cultural accounts of trans experience—accounts that center an early-childhood affiliation with the “opposite” sex, endorsing and affirming binary gender distinctions. In turn, binary-identified participants often produced accounts that complicated or questioned these tropes. While non-binary individuals have been hailed as the primary arbiters of gender’s undoing, the social and institutional constraints that inform how we account for gender—which shape both our production of those accounts and others’ interpretations of them—suggest that binary-identified respondents may be better positioned to work towards this “undoing” than their non-binary counterparts.
Decomposition of Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Successful Aging, Among Older Adults: A Combined Analysis of Two Epidemiological Studies
Authors: Foscolou Alexandra , Koloverou Efi , Matalas Antonia-Leda , Tyrovolas Stefanos , Chrysohoou Christina , Sidossis Labros , Rallidis Loukianos , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B.
Published: June 2018

Objective: To investigate the association of Mediterranean food group consumption with successful aging (SA), among people more than 50 years old. Method: Dietary habits, as well as several bio-clinical characteristics of the Greek participants enrolled in the ATTICA ( n = 1,128 men and women from Athens metropolitan area) and the MEDIS ( n = 2,221 men and women from selected Greek islands) cohort studies were investigated in relation to SA; SA was measured using a validated 10-scale index. Results: Multivariate discriminant food group analysis revealed that legumes consumption, followed by vegetables, cereals, and poultry were associated with higher levels of SA index (explained variability: 7.9%), mainly among islanders, but not among mainland participants. Further analysis revealed that alcohol consumption was positively associated with SA for mainlanders (ATTICA study) but inversely for islanders (MEDIS study; all p’s < .05). Conclusion: The differential and hierarchical effect of various foods on SA and the diet-environmental interaction revealed in the present work may help health professionals to better understand the role of diet on SA, and to prioritize the nutritional needs of older people for better quality of life.
Culture and psychism: the ethnopsychoanalysis of Georges Devereux
Authors: Cerea Alessandra
Published: June 2018

This paper introduces the significant theoretical contribution of Georges Devereux (1908–85) on the relationship between culture and psychism, which he developed in his work at the interface of anthropology, psychoanalysis and quantum epistemology during the mid-twentieth century. Devereux was one of the key early contributors to the field of transcultural psychiatry; he was in touch with its most important exponents, although he remained critical of many of the popular trends developed in this field of research in the USA, where Devereux conducted most of his research between 1932 and 1963. As a part of his critique, he founded a new epistemology: ethnopsychoanalysis, which was largely based on the concept of complementarity and countertransference.
Timing and duration of the East Asian summer monsoon maximum during the Holocene based on stalagmite data from North China
Authors: Zhang Na , Yang Yan , Cheng Hai , Zhao Jingyao , Yang Xunlin , Liang Sha , Nie Xudong , Zhang Yinhuan , Edwards R Lawrence
Published: June 2018

We present a continuous C-O isotope series that shows the detailed variability of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) since 11.0 ka BP. The series is based on two stalagmites, namely, DSY1 and LM2, which were, respectively, obtained from Dongshiya and Laomu caves. The δ18O profiles of stalagmite excurse negatively in early Holocene and gradually become positive after around 6.9 ka BP, tracking the change in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. Moreover, the ‘early-Holocene maximum’ supported by stalagmite δ18O records differs from the ‘mid-Holocene maximum’ indicated by geological archives, such as lake sediments and loess. This difference may be caused by different definition indicators of monsoon intensity. Stalagmite δ18O is relative to EASM intensity, but irrelative to precipitation in the East Asian monsoon region. The time intervals of EASM maximum and Holocene climatic optimum are desynchronized, which is confirmed by the variation in the stalagmite δ13C series. Stalagmite δ13C and δ18O have different variation tendencies. The tendency of δ13C in early mid-Holocene was generally light, but it was discontinuity and disrupted by rapid positive shift between 8.2 and 7.7 ka BP. We conclude that a rapid shift of about 8 ka BP is a turning point, before and after which δ13 C acquires different controlling factors. Stalagmite δ13 C showed no signs of positive excurse in late Holocene but it exhibited another characteristic, namely, millennial time scale oscillations. The few changes in stalagmite δ13 C is attributed to weakened insolation during summer in the northern hemisphere, which leads to low evaporation rate, thereby modulating effective humidity change. The edge of the seasonal monsoonal front in northern China during monsoon recession is sensitive to the rain belt and causes the δ13 C of the stalagmite to fluctuate greatly. This phenomenon shows that the climate in the study area is unstable in the late Holocene