bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Particle Swarm Optimization Method Used in the Design of Two-Stage Cylindrical Helical Gear Reducer
Authors: He Gang , Zhang Zhi Gang , Zhu Deng Lin , Pan Zheng Yu
Published: August 2011

The design optimization of two-stage cylindrical helical gear reducer is discussed in this paper. The volume and the center gear distance are adopted as objective functions separately, and the particle swarm optimization(PSO) method is used to improve the design quality. The design variables contain discrete variables, which are converted to discrete variables by the nearby principle in order to improve the running efficiency. Inertia weight coefficient is used in the PSO algorithm to adjust the coverage speed. The optimization result shows that our method is better than other optimization method, and it proves that PSO method is meaningful to the reducer’s design.
Stability Analysis of the Golden Section Adaptive Control Systems for Attitude Keeping of Spacecraft with Unknown Parameters
Authors: Sun Duo Qing
Published: August 2011

All-coefficient golden section adaptive control scheme for attitude keeping of spacecraft with unknown parameters is proposed in this paper. Based on Lyapunov’s direct method for time-variant discrete systems, the paper gives the conditions for the uniform asymptotic stability of the all-coefficient golden section adaptive control system. The given conditions are dependent on the relations between coefficients in the closed-loop system equations and the variable rates of the coefficients. The result in this paper can be used to analyze quantitatively the stability of multivariable time-variant discrete systems. Thus, a theoretical foundation is established to apply the golden section adaptive control method to control specific spacecraft.
An Optimization Method Selecting the Location Points for Drilling and Riveting of Aircraft’s Wing Panel
Authors: Zhang Kai Fu , Liu Feng Gang , Liu Zhen Xing , Li Yuan
Published: August 2011

In order to select the optimal location points for automated drilling and riveting process, an optimization method selecting the location points of Aircraft’s Wing Panel in Automatic Drilling and Riveting System is presented. This method includes three steps: 1) building the matching model based on the multiplicity; 2) presenting the matching method based on scatter search algorithm; 3) selecting the optimal location points according to the minimal deviation based on linear programming method. This method was applied in a panel to match the mathematical surface and the fitting one of this panel perfectly and select the optimal location points. The efficacy and quality during the process of drilling and riveting of this panel was improved greatly.
Application of Computer Aided Testing System in Aero Engine Running
Authors: Li Chang Zheng , Lin Chao , Lei Yong
Published: August 2011

Aero engine running is complex mechanical experiments. In the last two decades, many computer aided testing (CAT) systems were developed and employed in aero engine running. Traditionally, the main role of a CAT system is data acquisition, which developed with the client/server (C/S) architecture. Now, a CAT system plays more and more important roles in information management, such as measurement channels management, experiment design and management, data analysis and report management, and so on. Users may work on local place or on remote. So, it is not only a data acquisition system, but also an information system. In this paper, we introduce hybrid architecture of C/S and browser/server (B/S) to take advantages of both of them. For local users, clients are realized to provide local monitor and operation. For remote users, browsers provide not only real-time measurement data, but also querying and management of the history data. It demonstrates that the CAT system meets the requirement of aero engine running.
MBD Based Digital Automotive Manufacturing Application Framework
Authors: Zhou Qiu Zhong , Deng L.Y.
Published: August 2011

The MBD technology use a integration model to express all of the product geometry information and process planning information, and make it becomes the only basis for the subsequent process design and tooling design. It will cause a revolution in the digital automobile manufacturing technology, and really open a 3D digitizing automobile manufacturing era. So it is important and nessary to research the MBD based application method in process of automotive manufacturing. In this paper, the MBD based application framework was put forward to realize full digital, no-drawing automotive manufacturing technology. It was constituted by MBD based digital product definition and coordinate system, process flow centered process data organization and management system, digital process field application system. At the same time, the key technology to realize the MBD based application framework was analyzed. The essence of MBD, master model based product data organization, data maturity based collaborative process control and configuration management was expounded in detail. In addition, the standardization system of MBD based manufacturing technology was described.
The Studying of Logix Gear Construction Principle and Parameter Simulation Using Matlab
Authors: An Ai Qin , Pang Ming Hua , Zhang Lian Feng , Nie Yong Fang
Published: August 2011

Logix gear is a new gear based on new tooth profile theory. On the primary, the forming principle of the logix gear tooth profile is analysed. Then the tooth profile curve equations of logix gear are derived, and their center coordinate equations of base circle are given. According these equations, their curves are simulated using Matlab, which are corresponded to practical tests. The study lays a foundation of computer aided design of the logix gears. And the study can be used to perfect mathematical models and to optimize manufacturing methods.
The Power System Active-Synchronizing Control of the PHEV during the AMT Shifting Process
Authors: Dong Xiang Yu , Xi Jun Qiang , Chen Hui Yan
Published: August 2011

For the parallel hybrid electrical vehicle (PHEV) with motor equipped in front of the transmission, the inertia of the transmission-input increases with the power system and the clutch assembly. To reduce the synchronizer slipping friction power, the input speed of the transmission should be controlled, so the active-synchronizing control is applied. To enhance the speed-adjusting precision and shorten the synchronizing time, engine-motor joint speed-adjusting-control is utilized. Finally, a vehicle simulation is carried out, and the test result proves that the method is feasible.
A New Classification of Electric Power System Information and Rationality Evaluation Based on Automatic Control Theory
Authors: Han Hai Yun , Du Ke , Wang Gang
Published: August 2011

We consider the information sharing, distributed processing and interoperating caused by different Standards and information models in this paper. For various parts of Power Grid such as generation, transmission, transformation and etc. A division method based on automatic control theory is proposed. With the large quantity collection of electric power production, operation and control information, we classify the information to the 4 categories and 12 sub-categories. The Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method is introduced as an innovative usage for evaluating the classification results, which is widely used in the procedure area of production. The division method for the information of power system is proved to be novel and the classification results can be used as the fundamental research of united power information model for further Smart Grid.
Intelligent Velocity Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jin Li Qiang , Song Chuan Xue , Li Jian Hua
Published: August 2011

In conventional vehicles, the control of vehicle speed is achieved by changing the engine load through adjusting the acceleration pedal. However, in electric vehicles, this is achieved by controlling the target motor torque obtained from the look-up table in accordance with the position of acceleration pedal. This method is an open-loop control, with which the engine brake cannot be implemented during downhill trips. In this paper, a closed-loop control of vehicle speed for electric vehicles is proposed. The target vehicle speed is set by the acceleration pedal. The controller collects the real vehicle speed, whereas the PID controller, according to the error of the real and target vehicle speed, adjusts the motor torque in real time to realize the closed-loop speed control. Under such controlling, the motor torque can be changed correspondingly with the resistance, thus makes the driving performance of electric vehicles more identical to that of conventional vehicles.
Study on Modular Design Method for CNC Lathe
Authors: Xu Zhi Wei , Liu Yong Xian
Published: August 2011

A multi-dimensional module partition methodology is put forward for CNC lathe, in which not only the functional module partition and the physical structure module partition of CNC machine tools are taken into account, but the characteristics of different stages of in the whole life-cycle of machine tools is considered as well. On the basis of this the principle of module partition for CNC machine tools are presented. The mechanical structure system of CNC lathe is elaborated on the functional module and structural module. A CNC machine tool company’s HTC Series CNC lathes modular design is illustrated as an example.
Fragmentation Degree Research Based on File’s Layout
Authors: Zhu Ya Dong , Zhang Jing Wang , Wang Chao , Liu Zhen Jun
Published: August 2011

Numerous resource allocating and releasing will cause fragmentation which will seriously affect the I/O performance of file systems. One method to solve this problem is file defragmentation. This paper focuses on fragmentation detection, the key part of the file defragmentation. We estimate file fragmentation situation through file’s layout, and then analyze the detailed effects of the situation on performance measurement. Then we quantize this by the file’s “fragmentation degree” through theoretical and experimental analyses. Finally we use it to estimate the file’s fragmentation and decide whether the file needs to be defragmented.
Finding Free Space for Task Placement on Reconfigurable Devices
Authors: Zhang Jun Feng , Chen Xue
Published: August 2011

In this paper, an approach of free space management for FPGA area is proposed. We present a data structure for keeping the information of free space and an algorithm for finding available location to fit the tasks. The simulation proves that the algorithm has higher placement quality and lower complexity than the existed algorithm with certain circumstances.
An Identification Algorithm of Insects Wing Based on Grid
Authors: Deng Zhong Liang , Shi Dan Dan
Published: August 2011

In order to identify and classify insects wing, a new identification algorithms of insects wing was presented in this paper. Wing image was divided into several grids in this algorithm, and according to the importance of the wing features based on every grid, targeted to set the weight for each grid and calculate the final similar, the result of comparison of wing features will be more comprehensive and accurate. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm will be more accurate to compare wing features, and then identify the insect species.
Design and Development of Embedded Turbine Supervisory Instruments Based on ARM and Linux
Authors: Cheng Jian , Wei Yi Min , Xiong Xin , Gan Chun Biao , Yang Shi Xi
Published: August 2011

Aiming at issues of the modern embedded turbine supervisory instruments such as simplistic function, weak process power, low efficiency and so on, the technique of double CPUs with the cores of Intel PXA270 and Cyclone II EP2C20 microprocessors is employed in the present design. With embedded linux operating system and the developing platform of Qt software implemented, important functions such as data acquisition, data transfer based on TCP/IP protocols, display of data waveform, local storage of data, data analysis, elementary fault diagnosis and so forth can be achieved all together in a single facility. After tested on the Rotor Kit 4 of Bently Nevada and applied on 300MW turbine of the Power System Dynamic Simulation Laboratory in North China Electric Power University, the newly designed embedded turbine supervisory instruments show that the technique of double CPUs is effective, and the portable system can overcome the deficiencies of the modern embedded turbine supervisory instruments as mentioned above.
Gross Error Positioning and Processing Method Based on Forest Grey Modeling
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Zhan Wu , Tang Shuang Ning
Published: August 2011

The paper is committed to overcome the influence of gross error on the small quantity data of forest fire grey modeling. According to the quantity of the modeling data, Grey judgment of gross error and robust estimation theory is used separately for finding the gross error exit whether or not from the modeling data. And robust estimation theory and LIR algorithm can be used to process the gross error. From the examples, A quarter of fitting precision of robust estimation is less than 1%, and 75% is 1～5%; and half of fitting precision of LIR algorithm is less than 1%, and half is 1～5%. That is to say LIR algorithm provides a rapid, simple and practical way to build model of data which contains gross error or which contain missing data.
Researching on Clutch Rotational Speed Signal Processing of AMT Vehicle
Authors: Peng Jian Xin , Liu Hai Ou , Chen Hui Yan
Published: August 2011

Aimed at clutch magnetoelectric tachometric transducer, rotational speed signal processing had achieved good results in hardware circuit and software algorithm two aspects. Firstly in hardware aspect RC Low-Pass Filter’s parameters are optimized by frequency-domain analysis of actual rotational speed signal according to vehicle travel features. As a result, useful information is reserved and high-frequency noise is shielded effectively. Secondly in software aspect, through analyzing the clutch control system’s characteristics and speed data’s structure, explicit Euler formula is adopted to predict the data’s structure. Maximum likelihood estimate of Mathematical Statistic Analysis is used to raise the data’s utilization and enhance the data’s robustness in order to provide the effective and stable parameters for clutch control.
Research on the Relation Expression for District Collaborative Design
Authors: Ma Jun
Published: August 2011

The district collaborative design is an advanced design organization mode. The problem of definition and expression of correlation in collaborative design is aimed. The organization characteristics are analyzed based on district collaborative design space. The connection relationship acyclic graph which includes connection semantics is achieved and the relationship specialty and connection mode are explained. The algorithm is proposed to solve correlation for district collaborative design by use of correlation information model, and the correlation management model based on PDM is illustrated. Finally, a case study is conducted to prove these theory and method.
Normalization-Based Omnidirectional Gait Planning for Small Humanoid Robot
Authors: Li Guo Dong , Peng Jian Yi , Liu Kun Peng , Wang Xiang Jin
Published: August 2011

The normalization method is utilized in this paper for gait planning of small humanoid robot, and hence generating the normalized trajectory curves for parameters such as three dimensional coordinates and rotation angle and achieving omni-directional legged locomotion of robot. The advantages of this method include less computational complexity of controller, on-line real-time planning of robot, and better stability in motion and flexibility in control. Test results demonstrate that the robot can walk stably towards all directions at the walking speed of 0.8km/h.
Design of Applied Diffusion Pump System for Electron Beam Process
Authors: Jin Yan , Hu Jian Jun , Xu Hong Bin
Published: August 2011

Efficiency of vacuumizing is vital to process time with electron beam. The system principle of vacuum system was designed based on the analysis of system request. The workflow of vacuum system was established and its characteristic was introduced. The controlling theory and circuit of vacuum system was designed while vacuum device was made and its performance was tested. The vacuum system was acquired which was suitable to electronic beam.
Integrated Scheduling of the Job and AGV for Flexible Manufacturing System
Authors: Lv You Long , Zhang Gong , Zhang Jie , Dong Yi Jun
Published: August 2011

Job scheduling and AGV scheduling in FMS are regarded as two independent problems by most researchers. Their isolation ignores AGV’s use conflicts in the job scheduling and leads to low average equipment utilization. We point out the necessity for the job scheduling to integrate with AGV scheduling through analyzing scheduling problem of a specific type of FMS with single AGV and single buffer area. Then a corresponding mathematic model for integrated scheduling is presented based on the problem description and constraints for scheduling. A specific FMS is adopted to validate this integrated scheduling model. Based on data from this FMS, the model is performed through genetic algorithm with appropriate parameters. And job’s processing sequences as well as AGV’s moving path are obtained from the optimal gene order. The experiment result of this scheduling model adopting genetic algorithm shows good computing efficiency and equipment utilization.
Grain Refinement of Fe-32%Ni Alloy by Multi-Axial Forging
Authors: Wang Xiao Juan , Han Bao Jun
Published: August 2011

The effect of strain on the microstructure evolution of Fe-32%Ni alloy during multi-axial forging at the temperature of 500°C and a strain rate of 210-2 s-1 was investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) observations. The results show that the austenite grains were greatly refined with increasing cumulative strain, and the microstructure evolution during multi-axial forging can be summarized as such a process that deformation bands crossing each other subdivide the original austenite grain into several sub-grains and then these sub-grains are subdivided into more small ones and gradually angled to new independent grains with their boundaries transformed into large angle boundaries in subsequent compression.
Mechanical Behaviors of High Performance Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Liu Shu Hua , Gao Zhi Yang , Li Li Hua
Published: August 2011

In this testing research, a series of High Performance Recycled Aggregate Concrete (HPRAC) with recycled aggregate were prepared and their mechanical behaviors were tested, especially uniaxial compressive stress-strain behavior. The influence of the recycled aggregate replacement on mechanical behaviors of HPRAC was studied by changing replacement ratio of recycled aggregate. Testing results show that the strength of HPRAC decrease a little with the increase of the content of recycled aggregate; the uniaxial compressive stress-strain curve of HPRAC is similar to that of ordinary concrete, and the ductibility of HPRAC improve with the increase of the content of recycled aggregate; the fitted regression curves (especially numerical model) approach to measured curves and can be used in constitutive relations analysis for concrete structure.
Vibration Simulating and Measuring of Pipe Being Filled with Hydrogen in Chemical Ship
Authors: Shi Xiao Min , Hao Hong Yan , Ni Hai Zhou
Published: August 2011

The pipe vibration’s mathematical model is established with help of the finite element impedance method, through the beam element simulating the pipeline structure, a finite element model of pipe system is constructed by means of CAESAR Ⅱ software, the vibration simulation and field testing is carried on in the abnormal vibration pipe joints, hangers and other parts, the simulation results and the field test results are compared, and then putting forward the damping project of the hydrogenation piping, the project is used in damping improving of the original hydrogenation piping, vibration test results indicate that the damping effect is obvious in the improved pipe joints, hangers supporting structure.
Effects of Bamboo Age on the Strength of Board Made from Laccase-Treated Pleioblastus amarus Particle
Authors: Wang Jin , Liu Li , Jin Chun De
Published: August 2011

The different age pleioblastus amarus particle were taken as the raw materials, and the wet-process bamboo powder-boards were made from the laccase-treated powder by hot pressing. The raw material chemical constituents were analyzed. The reactive oxygen species free radicals produced from the laccase-treated bamboo were detected by electron spin resonance. The physical and mechanical properties of the bamboo particleboards were measured. In order to provide some theoretical basis for producing bamboo particleboard by laccase activation, the relations between physical and mechanical properties of bamboo particle boards and chemical constituents, the reactive oxygen species free radicals were researched.
Structural Evolution of Natural Flake Graphite with Different Particle Sizes during the Intercalation and Exfoliation Processes
Authors: Yue Xue Qing , Lu Yan , Lu Dong Hua
Published: August 2011

In order to investigate the structural evolution of natural flake graphite with different particle sizes during the intercalation and exfoliation process, we used three natural graphites, 35, 50 and 80 mesh, as the raw material and investigated the characteristics of the three chemically prepared graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) of H2SO4 and the three corresponding residue GICs (RGICs). Expanded graphites (EGs) were prepared by rapidly heating the RGICs to 1000 °C in a muffle. The Results show that with decreasing the raw graphite particle size, the oxidizing reaction degree of GIC increases, but the intercalating reaction degree decreases. For RGICs, the relative ratio of RGIC phase in a sample decreases with decreasing the raw material particle size. In addition, decreasing the raw graphite particle size decreases the expanded volume of EG.
Effect of Heating Temperature of Expandable Graphite on Amorphous Process of Expanded Graphite/Ni System during Ball Milling
Authors: Liu Zhi Guo
Published: August 2011

Two expanded graphites, EG1 and EG2 that were prepared by rapid heating expandable graphite to 600 and 1000 °C, respectively, were ball milled in a high-energy mill under an air atmosphere with 16.7% nickel addition. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the products show that that increasing the heating temperature of expandable graphite accelerates the amorphous process of the EG-Ni systems during the milling process. Ball milling the EG2-Ni mixture results in the formation of an amorphous EG-Ni system and Ni3C phase. Comparing with the amorphous process of the milled EGs without nickel addition, it is concluded that the presence of nickel restrains the process of EG1 in rate, but it promotes this process of EG2.
Anti-Friction Effect of Ball-Milled Expanded Graphite/Ni Mixture Used as Lubricating Additive
Authors: Liu Zhi Guo
Published: August 2011

A mixture of expanded graphite (EG) and nickel was ball-milled in a high-energy mill. The ball-milled EG-Ni mixtures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and their anti-friction effects used as lubricating additive were investigated. The results show that the mixtures have an obvious anti-friction effect. The effect is related with the crystallization degree of the milled EG depending on the milling time, the higher the crystallization degree, the higher the anti-friction effect.
Analysis on Ground Surface Damage of Quartz Fiber-Reinforced Quartz Composites
Authors: Shi Yan Shi , Wang Yu Guo , Yang Yang , Sun L.P. , Lin Bin
Published: August 2011

The grinding experiments of Quartz Fiber-Reinforced Quartz Composites（QFRQC） were conducted on MK9025 NC optical curve grinding machine. Grinding forces were measured by KISTLER dynamometer and the morphologies of the grinding surface were observed with Hatchi S-4800 SEM. In this paper, the effect of grinding orientation on the ground surface damage of QFRQC was discussed. Grinding orientation has a big influence on the ground surface damage. When grinding orientation is perpendicular to fiber orientation, the surface of the workpiece is poor; By contrast, when grinding orientation is parallel to fiber orientation, the surface of the workpiece is good; when grinding is on the fiber end-faces, the surface of the workpiece is best.
Dielectric and Magnetoelectric Properties of Nano-Microscale Lead-Free Composite by 0.4Co-Ferrite and 0.6(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-Based Ferroelectric Matrix
Authors: Ye You Xiang , Zhou Sheng Hua , Zhou Yun
Published: August 2011

Lead-free multiferroic magnetoelectric composites were prepared by incorporating the dispersed 0.4CoFe2O4ferromagnetic nanoparticles into 0.6(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-LiSbO3ferroelectric micromatrix. From the x-ray diffraction analysis, it was observed that almost no chemical reaction occurs between the ferrite and the ferroelectric materials used to form the composite. Dielectric properties as a function of frequency were measured. The magnetoelectric couple effect was given as a function of magnetic field with a maximum magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of 15.01mV·cm-1·Oe-1at 1kHz, which was a very high value in the lead-free magnetoelectric composites system for the potential use on actuators and sensors, etc.
Numerical Calculation of Throttle Nozzle Diameter Influence on Downhole Choke Flow Field
Authors: Tian Jia Lin , Liang Zheng , Yang Lin , Mei Xue Qing , Mei Qing Gang , Jia Yu An
Published: August 2011

With calculation results comparison of different throttle nozzle diameter value, This article analyses the flow field with throttle nozzle diameter variety of 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 4.0mm, while the other parameters take same value (such as the inlet pressure is 20mpa, the outlet pressure is 10MPa, the temperature is 333k, and the well depth is about 2000m). the results present the influence upon downhole choke flow field including pressure, velocity, temperature distribution. The pressure field composed by minimum on the axis shows the pressure dropping change at the throttle nozzle outlet. Velocity field gives the maximum value of velocity and Mach number, which determines the flow field is subsonic or supersonic flow. With hydrate formation conditions, temperature field formed by minimum on the axis gives the existing judgment of hydrate formation under a certain condition. With the throttle nozzle diameter increasing, the outlet flow maximum velocity increases, and the differential pressure before and after nozzle becomes larger, which means the pressure drop effect is better. The downhole choke design of throttle nozzle needs to consider the combination effects of pressure drop and temperature drop. These parameters provide reference for downhole choke structure design and operating performance improvement.
Progress of Mechanism and Research Methods of Marine Corrosion of Steels
Authors: Yang Jie , Xi Guang Feng , Fan Xi Qiu
Published: August 2011

Steel constructions located in marine environments are exposed to more serious corrosion than in other environments, which result in great loss in lives and economy. So it is very important to carry out research work on the influence factor and mechanism of marine corrosion with necessary methods. In this paper, influence factors in marine environment of steels were discussed, the corrosion mechanism of five different zones in marine environment was summarized and the progress of research methods for marine corrosion was reviewed.
Effect of Nitric Acid Modification on LiMn2O4 Prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Xia Yan , Huang Mei , Guo Jun Ming , Zhang Ying Jie
Published: August 2011

Effect of nitric acid and the burning time on the liquid combustion synthesis of spinel LiMn2O4 has been studied, using lithium nitrite and Manganese acetate as raw a material. The results show that the main phases are all LiMn2O4, which can be obtained at 400-600 oC. Before modified, the impurity is Mn3O4 or Mn2O3. After modified, the impurity is only Mn3O4. The aggregation obviously reduced after adding nitric acid, it is indicated that the crystalline increased. With the increasing temperatures, the modified particle size was increased and the aggregation reduced. The initial discharge capacity and cycle stability improved at some extent too. Its first discharge capacity was 104.6, 112.8 and 117.7mAh/g synthesized at 400, 500, 600 oC, respectively, and the 30th capacity retention rate were 84.89%, 80.67% and 73.24%.
Compressive Constitutive Relation for Multi-Layer Corrugated Boards
Authors: Wang Dong Mei
Published: August 2011

The investigation into the cushioning properties of multi-layer corrugated boards is a hotspot issue in the packaging field. People one after another investigate into the compressive properties based on experiments. As far as authors' knowledge is concerned, no theoretical research on compressive constitutive relation for multi-layer corrugated boards has ever been reported in literature. Therefore, we investigated into the compressive properties of multi-layer corrugated boards and analyzed their compressive breakage mechanism. The compression curve of multi-layer corrugated boards presents the three sections of linear elasticity, sub-buckling going with local collapse and densification. We constructed the compressive constitutive equation by a subsection function. The equation is standardized by the solid modulus Es of corrugated sandwich materials. Focusing on the structure characteristics, it can express the compression resistance and cushioning properties in the same curve for different basis materials. Comparison between the theory and experiments shows that a good consistency is achieved between theoretical and experimental stress-strain curves. By means of the compressive constitutive equation, the compression resistance and cushioning properties can be evaluated without more experiments, which facilitates the optimization of the structure of the corrugated sandwich structure and the optimized design of the cushioning package.
Synthesis of Poly(D,L-Lactic Acid-Co-Glucose) via Direct Polycondensation and its Characterization
Authors: Luo Shi He , Wang Zhao Yang , Huang Dong Na , Mao Chao Xu , Xiong Jin Feng
Published: August 2011

Directly using cheap D,L-lactic acid (D,L-LA) and glucose (Glu) as starting materials, biodegradable material poly(D,L-lactic acid-co-Glucose) [P(D,L-LA-co-Glu)] was synthesized via melt polycondensation. When n(Glu) : n(D,L-LA) = 1:200, the appropriate synthetic condition is that: after 120 °C prepolymerization for 5 h, 160 °C melt polymerization catalyzed by w(SnCl2) = 0.5% for 5 h. P(D,L-LA-co-Glu) with different molar feed ratios were synthesized and characterized with [η], FTIR, 1H NMR, GPC and XRD. The Tg of all copolymer P(D,L-LA-co-Glu) was lower than that of homopolymer polylactic acid directly synthesized via melt polycondensation. The copolymers with Mw from 2,100 Da to 5,100 Da could meet the demand of drug delivery carrier material.
Thin-Wall Plastic Parts’ Warpage Analysis Based on Taguchi Method
Authors: Chu Jian Zhong , Song Rong
Published: August 2011

Warping deformation is an important indicator to evaluate the performance of thin-wall Plastic. In this paper, using the CAE（computer aided engineering）technology and DOE（Design of experiment）in the thin-wall injection molding field, take a box-shaped thin-wall plastic parts for example, using the moldflow software to simulation analyze of the process parameters of injection molding. By analyzing the causes of plastic parts’ warpage, learn the holding pressure is a leading role in warping. Optimization of process parameters under the guidance of the orthogonal test, it can reduce the warpage of plastic parts effectively.
A Laboratory Investigation into the Composite Bonding System of Cement-Emulsified Asphalt-Epoxy Resin
Authors: Ding Qing Jun , Shen Fan , Sun Zheng , Huang Shao Long
Published: August 2011

The objective of this article is to provide an insight into a new composite bonding system of Cement/emulsified-Asphalt/Epoxy resin (CAE) for steel box girder bridge pavement. The effect of epoxy resin on emulsified asphalt mixtures added with cement has been investigated in laboratory. Besides the mechanical properties of mixtures using CAE binders, the microscopic feature of CAE binders also have been measured. The results of mechanical tests indicate good performances for pavement, especially rutting deformation at high temperature and adhesive strength with steel blocks. Then, microscopic images show some interesting microscopic feature, which could be related to the development of performances.
The Inherent Defects of Injection Molding Products and its Special Processes
Authors: Jiang Shao Fei , Su Mao Ying , Li Ji Quan , Hong Tao
Published: August 2011

In this article, some common defects, which are caused by material properties, and the mechanism of the defects occur are introduced. Author introduces how these defects are treated in conventional process, meanwhile, points out the disadvantages of the process. For the disadvantages, several special processes are introduced, including gas-assisted injection molding, rapid variotherm injection molding and hot runner technology, and their mechanism and advantages.
Effect of Process Parameters on Microstructures of 7055 Aluminum Alloy in Creep Age Forming
Authors: Zhan Li Hua , Li Yan Guang , Huang Ming Hui
Published: August 2011

The effects of process parameters on evolution of microstructures of 7055 aluminum alloy in creep age forming were studied and the microstrucures were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Some important results are obtained: with the increasing of ageing time, the size of platelet shaped (known as Guinier-Preston (G-P) zones) precipitates and spherical shaped η' precipitates increased, the number of platelet shaped precipitates increased too, while the number of η' precipitates decreased; the precipitates with almost the same size distributed continuously and uniformly along the grain boundary with quite narrow precipitate free zones (PFZs) at 5 hours of ageing time, when the ageing time increases to 8 hours, the distribution of the precipitates along the grain boundary becomes discontinuous and the PFZs gets wider, while with the further increasing of the ageing time, the precipitates distributed continuously again along the grain boundary and the PFZs become more wider. From comparison of stress-aged alloy to stress-free-aged alloy, it was found that after 20 hours ageing, the precipitates in the stress-aged alloy are slightly coarser and the PFZs are wider, the density of retained η' is lower with the development of η phase.
Preparation and Characterization of a New Type of Magnetic Polymer Micro Spheres
Authors: Zhang Li Li , Zhang Hong Wei , Yao Xiang Hua , Zhang Can Bang , Tian Jia Jin , Liu Gui Yang
Published: August 2011

A new type of magnetic polymer microspheres with super paramagnetic properties were prepared by a co-precipitation method. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze Fe content, micro morphology, particle size and phase structure of the products. Results indicate that the content of Fe in the microspheres is up to 5.25 *105ug/g. The main phase of the product is Fe3O4. The average particle sizes of the products are ~30nm.
Study on Seismic Isolation of High-Speed Railway Bridge Fabricated Lead Rubber Bearings
Authors: Tang Huan , Wang Hui , Zhou Biao , Chen Ling Kun
Published: August 2011

Lead rubber bearings (LRB) is a new type of earthquake-resistance rubber bearings, formed by inserting lead-core into ordinary laminated rubber bearings, vertical supporting, horizontal displacement and hysteretic damping are hung in single unit together. Because lead-core can dissipate seismic energy and increase stiffness under load simultaneously, most of the requirements of the Seismic isolation system can be satisfied , the material-device has been found widespread application prospect in bridge Engineering. Equivalent linear model of hysteretic characteristics, computational method and the varying range of design parameters of LRB are presented. A full-bridge model of multi-span simple supported bridge with LRB is established in which box beam、LRB and piers are taken into account as a whole. By changing the property of earthquake excitation, ground motion intensity, vehicle speed and so on, the response of Bridge vibration system are analyzed, response law and characteristics of Bridge with LRB under different excitations are investigated systematically, compared with bridge with common bearings.
Orientin-Induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia/Reperfusion is Associated with Suppressing Proteasome Inhibition
Authors: Lu Na , Sun Yi Guo , Zheng Xiao Xiang
Published: August 2011

Orientin, isolated from bamboo leaves, is an important natural antioxidant. It has been identified that orientin could protect myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. But the precise mechanism of this protective effect is still elusive. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a central role in regulating a variety of critical cellular processes. Recently, the cardiac UPS has become increasingly recognized as the key regulator of cardiac function under both physiological and pathological conditions. Previous studies indicated that alterations in the UPS function are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of a variety of cardiac diseases including myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. The proteasome is the proteolytically active core of UPS and could cause various diseases when it malfunctions. Accordingly, the proteasome has become an attractive target for pharmaceutical interventions. In addition, the relationship of orientin and UPS in mediating I/R-induced cardiomyocytes injury is still unclear. Here, we used H9c2 cardiomytocytes to explore the relationship of orientin-induced cardioprotection and proteasome inhibition during I/R process. Our findings suggested that orientin could reduce H9c2 cells apoptosis subjected to I/R injury partly through surpressing the proteasome inhition. Further investigation revealed that this effect was associated with orientin-attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Orientin also enhanced Bcl-2 protein level, decreased the expression levels of Bax and Smac/DIABLO. Our results also indicated that this beneficial effect of orientin on Bax expression was dramatically attenuated by MG132, the proteasomal inhibitor. In summary, we demonstrated that orientin exerts protective functions in H9c2 cardiomytocytes against I/R-induced apoptosis partially through suppressing proteasome inhibition, and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is probably involved in this effect.
Kinetic Study for Biosorption of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by Pretreated PeniciIlium sp.
Authors: Zhang Li Fang , Chen Ying Ying , Dai Shu Juan
Published: August 2011

In this study, the biosorption of Malachite Green, a cationic dye from aqueous solution onto pretreated biomass of Penicilium sp. was examined. The biosorption studies were carried out under various parameters such as initial pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. The experimental results show that optimum pH for efficient dye biosorption was found to be 5.0-6.0 for pretreated biomass. The bosorption capacity was increased with the increasing initial dye concentration in studied dye concentration range. The kinetic data obtained at different concentrations were analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. It was obtained that the biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Low-Temperature Self-Mixing Combustion Synthesis of Spinel LiMn2O4: Effect of Igniting Temperatures
Authors: Liu Gui Yang , Guo Jun Ming , Wang Bao Sen , He Ying , Zhang Li Li
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a low-temperature self-mixing combustion synthesis method was introduced to prepare spinel LiMn2O4. Low-melting raw materials and fuel (acetate salts as starting materials and urea as fuel) were molten to a homogeneous liquid mixture at ~100°C. The mixture was then ignited and calcined at a higher temperature, final products were obtained. The products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electric microscope (SEM). XRD analysis indicated that product with higher purity was obtained at 550°C for 5h when the molar ratio of Li:Mn:urea=1:2:4. The impurity Mn2O3 was appeared in the products when the igniting temperature >600°C, and the content of Mn2O3 increased with the increasing igniting temperatures. SEM investigation indicated that the particles of the products were small and agglomerated. The igniting temperature monitoring indicated that the combustion reaction rate increased with increasing igniting temperature, and this did not favor for the formation of LiMn2O4.
A Database for Material Design of C/SiC Composites
Authors: Lv Sheng Li , Yao Lei Jiang , Tong Xiao Yan , Li Zheng
Published: August 2011

Continuous carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite material (C/SiC) is one of the most effective candidate materials for hot structures in aeronautic and aerospace applications. Its performances in the complicated service environments are widely concerned. A database, aiming at optimized design of C/SiC, was developed. The database collected original data on the fabrication, microstructure of C/SiC, as well as abundant data on performance experiments including tension, compression, shear, fatigue, creep, oxidation, high-temperature fatigue, and so on. The logic structure of the database, modeled by unified modeling language, provides a data link that connecting the processing, microstructure and performance of C/SiC, so that users can conveniently create a test result set to build the mathematical model of material design. Efficient software was developed to realize management, browsing and extension of the database.
Damage Identification for Simply-Supported Bridge Based on SVM Optimized by PSO (PSO-SVM)
Authors: Liu Han Bing , Jiao Yu Bo , Gong Ya Feng , Bi Hai Peng , Sun Yan Yi
Published: August 2011

A support vector machine (SVM) optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based damage identification method is proposed in this paper. The classification accuracy of the damage localization and the detection accuracy of severity are used as the fitness function, respectively. The best and can be obtained through velocity and position updating of PSO. A simply supported beam bridge with five girders is provided as numerical example, damage cases with single and multiple suspicious damage elements are established to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Numerical results indicate that the SVM optimized by PSO method can effectively identify the damage locations and severity.
The Prediction Model of Tunnel Face Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Lu Jun , Hu Shao Wei , Fan Xiang Qian , Niu Zhi Guo
Published: August 2011

In combination with a certain road tunnel instance Ningwu Highway，a working face rock ahead of forecast model is established. The prediction criterions include the Working face of rock radar images coefficient factor rock tunnel face conditions and the tunnel observation and analysis of geological factors are determined in the article. Their evaluation indexes are determined by the principle of which degree comes close and judged by experts. Finally the prediction results are came up through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and compared with the indexes of the degree of stability. Then it can make the prediction conclusion. The result shows that the model is convenient to use in practice very well. So it is proved that this prediction model is reliable.
Construction of the Beam Element Based Second Generation Wavelet
Authors: He Yu Min , Chen Xi , Zhang Xiao Long
Published: August 2011

Second generation wavelet (SGW) provides diversity and agility for constructing wavelet besides the multiresolution property. By introducing SGW into finite element method, a series sequence of finite element approximation spaces which are nested and hierarchically expanded can be constructed. The method has high calculation speed and precision and is suited for constructing adaptive algorithm. In this paper, the beam element based SEW is constructed, which set up a basis for the adaptive finite element method based on multiresolution analysis.
Optimization to Control Parameters on Rolling of Tailor Rolling Blanks by Orthogonal Test
Authors: Du Ji Tao , Huang Can , Chen Cheng Zhan , Chen Qi Jun
Published: August 2011

As one of the best ways to lightweight car-white-body, tailor rolling blanks (TRB) are affected by various factors when produced, such as friction, rotational speed of working rolls, adjusting speed of rollers gap, rolling force, roller stiffness, etc. In this paper, a three-level three factors orthogonal table was set up and various tests were simulated by using orthogonal design method and Deform-3D software. Take the comparison of simulated curve with the target curve as experimental index, one set of optimal rolling parameters was found by variance analysis to the experiment results. This researching results can provide technical support for production of TRB, and promote the TRB application in the car lightweight.
Investigation on Failure Mode of Spruce under Different Loading Conditions
Authors: Zhong Wei Zhou , Huang Xi Cheng , Hao Zhi Ming , Xie Ruo Ze , Chen Gang
Published: August 2011

Compression experiments of spruce along axial, radial and tangential loading directions are implemented by INSTRON equipment. Mechanical properties of spruce along three directions are gained. Spruce microscopic cell failure modes under axial, radial and tangential compression condition are observed by scan electron microscope. Results show that failure modes of spruce are fiber buckling and wrinkle when loading direction is along the grain. When loading direction is along radial or tangential across to the grain, failure modes are wood fiber slippage and delamination. Theory analytic solution to single wood cell failure under different direction compression is done. The obtained expression shows that mean limit loading is relative to yield stress, cell structure dimension and wrinkle length for complete wrinkle cases.
A Novel Design for Crack Width Monitoring of Concrete Structures
Authors: Zhang Ben Niu , Li Xing Xing , Zhou Zhi Xiang
Published: August 2011

Crack monitoring is thought to be a challenging problem for structural health monitoring. In previous study, a bionic crack monitoring method is proposed to monitor the crack initiation and propagation in a structure, and smart film is designed and fabricated. A novel design, based on smart film for monitoring crack width of concrete structures, is proposed in this paper. Experiment verifies the effectiveness of this design, and proves it is a good way for crack width monitoring of concrete structures.