bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of treatment expectations in people with suspected endometriosis: A psychometric analysis
Authors: Meyrose Ann-Katrin , Basedow Lukas A. , Hirsing Nina , Buchweitz Olaf , Rief Winfried , Nestoriuc Yvonne
Published: September 2024

Background Treatment expectations influence clinical outcomes in various physical and psychological conditions; however, no studies have explored their role in endometriosis treatment. It is necessary to understand how these expectations can be measured to study treatment expectations and their effects in clinical practice. This study aimed to psychometrically analyze and compare different treatment expectation measurements and describe treatment expectations in women with suspected endometriosis. Method Analysis of cross-sectional baseline data of a mixed-method clinical observational study of N=699 patients undergoing laparoscopy in Germany. Descriptives, bivariate associations, convergent and discriminant validity of four expectation measurements (Treatment Expectation Questionnaire (TEX-Q); Generic rating scale for previous treatment experiences, treatment expectations, and treatment effects (GEEE); numerical rating scales (NRS) assessing improvement and worsening of endometriosis symptoms, expected Pain Disability Index (PDI); range: 0 to 10) were estimated. A cluster analysis was performed on the three GEEE items. Results Most participants expected high improvement (M=6.68 to 7.20, SD=1.90 to 2.09) and low worsening (M=1.09 to 2.52, SD=1.80 to 2.25) of disability from laparoscopy. Participants who expected greater worsening expected more side effects (r=.31 to .60, p<.001). Associations between the positive and negative expectation dimensions, including side effects, were small to non-significant (r =|.24| to .00, p<.001 to.978). Four distinct clusters, described as’positive’, ‘no pain, no gain’, ‘diminished’, and ‘uniform’ were found, with a total PVE of 62.2%. Conclusions Women with suspected endometriosis reported positive expectations concerning laparoscopy, but wide ranges indicated interindividual differences. Treatment expectations seem to be a multidimensional construct in this patient group. The investigated measurements did not correlate to the extent that they measured exactly the same construct. The selection of measurements should be carefully considered and adapted for the study purposes. Clusters provide initial indications for individualized interventions that target expectation manipulation. Trial Registration Number ID NCT05019612 (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Gender mainstreaming and gender-disaggregated data on migrant women: WEMov’s Open Letter
Authors: Donato Stellamarina , Ruiz Marie
Published: September 2024

The European Union (EU) stands as a mosaic of diversity, enriched by a substantial migrant population, where women play a vital role. Migrant women face vulnerabilities, often disproportionate to their male counterparts. Yet, they also make significant economic and social contributions as entrepreneurs, professionals, caregivers, activists, and members of their communities. This open letter is a brief that argues that gender mainstreaming and the utilization of gender-disaggregated data are crucial tools for addressing gender disparities and ensuring effective policymaking.
Harmonising humans and technology: Exploring the dynamics of cognitive production, artificial intelligence and social communication in cybernetic systems
Authors: Walter Stefan
Published: September 2024

Agile cognitive production systems mark a manufacturing paradigm shift, propelled by the demand for accelerated product development and the adoption of digitalised production systems across extensive supply networks. Cognitive manufacturing emphasises the role of technology and automation in the learning and adaptation process. These systems independently analyse data, make real-time adjustments and optimise processes, sometimes minimising the need for human intervention. Based on a conceptual framework that draws on the diversity of living systems and cognitive processes, cybernetics provides a solid theoretical background. It explores the intricate connections between cognition, self-organising systems and the challenges arising from the autonomy of such systems. The concept of "cognition" in "agile cognitive systems" moves away from the conventional understanding of purely technical processes and towards human thought processes. This departure fosters a dynamic exchange where individual thoughts resonate in social communication. Addressing the role of artificial intelligence (AI), the article emphasises examining computers from a social science standpoint, exploring the relationship between computers and mental systems, capturing human faculties such as cognition, utterance, and understanding. The integration of AI into computer-mediated communication leads to the question how AI-equipped computers intersect with societal intelligence notions. The inherent intransparency of AI, often viewed as a black box, prompts queries about the potential black-box nature of an autonomously controlled AI factory or supply chain. In this hypothetical scenario, the idea of the supply chain as a communication network is challenged, emphasising the importance of human involvement. Research on human-centric cognitive production emphasises explainable AI and human-in-the-loop. This orientation goes beyond the technical dimensions and incorporates social science considerations, which emphasises the holistic nature of current research. In essence, research in the field of cognitive production is a comprehensive exploration of the complex interplay between human cognition, artificial intelligence and the evolving landscape of modern production systems.
A microsimulation model of smoking prevalence in England: exploring potential impacts of ‘Tobacco 21’ and e-cigarette policy scenarios on socioeconomic and regional inequalities
Authors: Kock Loren , Brown Jamie , Boelen Lies , West Robert , Shardlow Nigel , Shahab Lion
Published: September 2024

Background The burden of morbidity and mortality in England, is greater among priority groups such as those with lower income or routine and manual occupations. Using a microsimulation model, we estimate projected changes in smoking prevalence according to socio-economic position under selected policy scenarios that are relevant to ongoing policy implementation and debate. Methods Initiated using real-world data from adult (16+) respondents to the Smoking Toolkit Study (STS), the ‘QuitSimX’ microsimulation model projects individual-level smoking uptake and cessation in England over time. The simulation was run under two separate policy scenarios, raising the age of sale of tobacco products to 21 (simulations run from 2013–2023), and moving a proportion of all individuals quitting using a certain method (such as over the counter nicotine replacement therapy), or no method, to using e-cigarettes instead (simulations run from 2015–2025). Under each scenario, the size of effect were specified, and the outcomes simulated and assessed by indicators of socio-economic position. Absolute and relative inequalities were examined by comparing at the initial and final timepoint the i) absolute difference in smoking prevalence between less and more advantaged groups subgroups and ii) the ratio of smoking prevalence. Results While absolute and relative inequalities in smoking prevalence declined across the simulated period under all policy scenarios and the counterfactual ‘no intervention’ scenario, at the final time point absolute and relative inequalities between social grades and regions were similar across all scenarios, with the exception that the relative (but not absolute) inequality under the most impactful tobacco 21 scenario as marginally higher than under the baseline scenario. Conclusion A microsimulation model of smoking in England illustrates that absolute inequalities are projected to decrease under a Tobacco 21 or quitting with e-cigarettes scenario but that some policy solutions (Tobacco 21) may result in an increase in relative inequalities.
Advances, challenges, and prospects of electroencephalography-based biomarkers for psychiatric disorders: a narrative review
Authors: Yun Seokho
Published: September 2024

Owing to a lack of appropriate biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and treatment, psychiatric disorders cause significant distress and functional impairment, leading to social and economic losses. Biomarkers are essential for diagnosing, predicting, treating, and monitoring various diseases. However, their absence in psychiatry is linked to the complex structure of the brain and the lack of direct monitoring modalities. This review examines the potential of electroencephalography (EEG) as a neurophysiological tool for identifying psychiatric biomarkers. EEG noninvasively measures brain electrophysiological activity and is used to diagnose neurological disorders, such as depression, bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia, and identify psychiatric biomarkers. Despite extensive research, EEG-based biomarkers have not been clinically utilized owing to measurement and analysis constraints. EEG studies have revealed spectral and complexity measures for depression, brainwave abnormalities in BD, and power spectral abnormalities in schizophrenia. However, no EEG-based biomarkers are currently used clinically for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The advantages of EEG include real-time data acquisition, noninvasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and high temporal resolution. Challenges such as low spatial resolution, susceptibility to interference, and complexity of data interpretation limit its clinical application. Integrating EEG with other neuroimaging techniques, advanced signal processing, and standardized protocols is essential to overcome these limitations. Artificial intelligence may enhance EEG analysis and biomarker discovery, potentially transforming psychiatric care by providing early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and improved disease progression monitoring.
Is blue light solely detrimental for human eyes?
Authors: Żurowska Emilia , Guderska Urszula , Krawiel Karolina , Król Marek , Kurzeja Jacek , Markowska Iga , Piotrowicz Hubert , Piotrowicz Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

It has long been assumed that blue light is solely detrimental to the eyes and that it is a serious risk factor for a number of ocular diseases. In order to gain a more nuanced comprehension of the impact of blue light on the eye and to ascertain whether there are any beneficial aspects to this influence, this article presents a synthesis of the relevant research and offers updates on the current understanding of the subject matter. The review encompasses the environmental and societal changes that result in increased light exposure, the working principle and reasons for the prevalence of light-emitting diodes, and the safety classification of artificial light sources. Subsequently, we present the impact of blue light on ocular growth and the known mechanisms by which blue light affects different areas of the eye, including the cornea, conjunctiva, lens and retina. Finally, we discuss the validity of blue-blocking lenses and review other recommended strategies aimed at minimising the negative effects of blue light exposure.
Antinuclear Antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematous – Their Complex Role and Clinical Significance in Diagnosis
Authors: Kucy Natalia , Kula Paula , Kotula Alicja , Grelewicz Olga , Czachor Adrianna , Servaas Elwira , Juśkiewicz Adam , Haber Mateusz
Published: September 2024

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are a wide group of proteins directed against autologous cellular components, primarily nucleic acids and histones. Their levels are assessed using immunofluorescence on Hep-2 cells or a solid-phase ANA screening immunoassay to subsequently obtain titer value with positive cut-point of ≥1:80. Studies show that ANA can be found in 13% of general population, but typically they are associated with autoimmune conditions and inflammatory connective tissue diseases for example: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, mixed connective tissue disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic sclerosis, inflammatory myopathies. ANA detection is especially important for SLE, where 2 antibody types - anti-Sm and anti-dsDNA - serve as an entry diagnostic criterion. With increasing patient screening for those antibodies, it is important to determine that alone, positive ANA assays cannot confirm nor deny any disease and to classify their presence as a marker of a disease it is required to satisfy additional additive criteria approved in 2019 by European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology. SLE diagnosis can be made when patient collects 10 points from clinical or immunologic domains described by EULAR/ACR, which makes SLE diagnosis challenging and therefore, describing the guidelines is vital to remain cautious about overestimation of the position positive ANA values hold in clinical practice.In conclusion the positive ANA test may be a basis for diagnosis, when additional symptoms occur, but alone does not hold any diagnostic significance and may lead to unnecessary stress for patient.
Anabolic-androgenic steroids in sport
Authors: Dutka Martyna , Bernacki Radosław , Bernacki Piotr , Zardzewiały Witold , Skrzyńska Klaudia , Zaremskyi Oleksii , Przybyło Izabela , Fuszara Kamil , Mendyk Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are a group of doping substances. They cause muscle hypertrophy and an increase in strength. Moreover, they may lead to dangerous side effects. Knowledge of the side effects of AAS use is necessary because in clinical practice we often encounter patients who decide to supplement with steroids. The aim of the study is to present information on the epidemiology, mechanism of action, methods of detecting AAS, the impact of the substance on the male and female body, and a description of organ side effects, highlighting: the cardiovascular system, the nervous system and the psyche.
 
Review methods
Literature search was conducted in the PubMed database with inclusion criteria ‘free full texts’ and publications date between 2015 – 2024. A total of 7272 results were found; 30 publications were ultimately included in the review.
 
Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge
Overusing AAS is very popular among people training at the gym. They have an anabolic effect on muscle tissue. They contribute to infertility in men and masculinization in women. Stimulation of androgen receptors above physiological doses of AAS leads to vascular changes that, in extreme cases, may lead to sudden cardiac death. Moreover, they accelerate brain aging. An increase in aggression and risky sexual behavior has been observed among people using doping. The diagnostic material used in anti-doping tests is urine and blood serum.
Summary
AAS abuse is a serious public health problem. Men who want to improve their figure and decide to use doping are particularly at risk. Due to the easy availability of steroids, society should be made aware of the negative effects of steroid use.
The influence of selected plant stimulants and mushrooms on the human body
Authors: Wojaczek Marta , Polańska Katarzyna , Kahan Weronika , Poborowska Dominika , Szafrańska Weronika , Kras Magdalena , Kosińska Agnieszka , Niedbał Piotr , Lelek Katarzyna , Łata Marcin
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION
In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of herbal stimulants around the world. Many people cannot imagine life without coffee, a cup of this drink is often a mandatory part of the day. As the world moves faster and faster, people are looking for a way to keep up with it. Therefore, more and more plant and mushroom stimulants appear on the market, which help people replenish energy deficiencies and meet the challenge of constantly living on the run. Selected stimulants, the benefits associated with their use, and side effects are described in the work below.
THE AIM
The aim of this work is to discuss the properties that stimulate the human body. We have selected less and more known plants and mushrooms, describing their properties, benefits of their use, side effects, and contraindications to their use.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this work, we describe the impact of substances that stimulate the human body contained in selected plants and mushrooms. A review of the literature available in the National Library of Medicine database at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and Google Scholar was conducted. The articles were searched using keywords such as herbs stimulants, fungi, side effects, adaptogens, and advantages.
SUMMARY
There are many plants and fungi in nature containing substances that have a beneficial effect on the human body. They improve brain function, reduce stress, and increase concentration. We often reach for them because we really need an additional energy booster in today's world. However, it should be remembered that these agents in too high doses may also cause side effects. Therefore, these preparations should be selected individually, taking into account chronic diseases, conditions such as pregnancy and lactation, and medications taken.
Research on Multidimensional Interactive Teaching Mode of Ideological and Political Theory Course for Physical Education Majors in the University Based on Visual Communication Technology
Authors: Song Peng , Wang Shaojie , Jiang Bo , Zhao Lunan
Published: September 2024

In traditional teaching concepts, teachers are regarded as the owners, transmitters and authorities of knowledge. With the arrival of the information age, the channels for students of sports major to know more about information have increased, and the concept of equality based on people in modern education has opened up a new situation of equal dialogue and exchange. The biggest difference between multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode and traditional teaching mode lies in its emphasis on interactivity and participation. Through purposeful communication and benign interaction teaching methods, combined with the characteristics of sports majors.In the process of teaching ideological and political theory, the abstract and boring theoretical knowledge is combined with the limited social experience of students of sports major to give students of sports major a new feeling, new experience and new stimulation. This kind of interactive and cooperative teaching activities has increased the appeal, persuasiveness and appeal of theoretical propaganda. Form an interactive space for multi-directional communication of teaching information, so that knowledge learning and ability development are unified. The use of visual communication technology in multi-dimensional interactive teaching fully mobilizes students of sports major' enthusiasm, fun, intuitiveness and thinking, creating a passionate classroom teaching atmosphere.
A angústia e o preocupante.
Authors: Castro Caeiro Antonio J.
Published: September 2024

A não inautenticidade ou a indiferença quotidiana, a inautenticidade, a autenticidade são diversas configurações da nossa relação com o ser. A dificuldade consiste em responsabilizar “me” inteiramente “a mim” por uma apropriação do sentido do ser. É o Dasein que me convoca para si? Em que circunstâncias? Os diversos modos da relação com o sentido do ser admitem uma metamorfose dinâmica e complexa que parte de um modo de ser médio, em que vamos indo, nem bem nem mal, somos como toda a gente em geral e ninguém em especial, e podemos passar a fazer a experiência de apropriação de si, da autêntica resolução do sentido, bem como de perda total e alienação. Importounos analisar as situações em que se experimenta formas de vazio, interrupções de preenchimento na agenda. O que fazemos de tempos mortos, em que não conseguimos fazer nada ou até mesmo de dias perdidos? E quando vem de novo o fluxo que nos lig à vida, é de onde que ele nos puxa? O possibilitante vem do futuro. De lá reverbera uma cadência com um tom que nos abre ao possível.
A contribuição de Heidegger para superação da determinação metafísica da Liberdade, tomada enquanto fundamento incondicionado, e a sua abertura de um novo acesso para a investigação da verdade do Ser. Parte II
Authors: Rutiglianoda verdade do Ser Francisca
Published: September 2024

Abordaremos aqui a problemática da Liberdade no contexto histórico de sua discussão no âmbito do Pensamento metafísico do Ser –âmbito formalizado pela primeira vez pela Filosofia de Platão e de Aristóteles. O nosso intuito é mostrar em linhas gerais como a partir do pressuposto da incondicionalidade, tomada enquanto a determinação fundamental da Liberdade, o Pensamento moderno angaria a configuração do Ser na forma da Subjetividade. Tomamos a questão da Liberdade como fio condutor desta investigação porque compreendemos que tal questão põe o ponto de partida o mais genuíno para a investigação do estabelecimento das formas da Subjetividade pretendidas pelo Pensamento moderno. Encaminharemos nossa explanação indicando as perspectivas através das quais o Pensamento grego, medieval e moderno contemplou a incondicionalidade no âmbito da problemática do Ser. Aberto o contexto problemático sobre o qual se desdobra a questão da incondicionalidade, passaremos a abordar o papel atribuído à Liberdade pela Filosofia de Kant e de Schelling na determinação do Ser de todo.
Drinking Experiences of Women Alcoholics: A Feminist Approach
Authors: Kim Sungjae
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the experience of Korean women alcoholics from their perspectives using feminist approach. Methods: The data were collected by individual in-depth interviews with ten participants. Results : Four main themes were emerged from thematic content analyses; a) ‘the good girl’ b) "the emancipated “child”’ c) "the Hyung-Mo-Yang-Cheo (wise mother, good wife) hiding behind an alcohol bottle 5 and d) 6 the “shell” of womanhood 5 . Conclusion: These results showed that the gender norms rooted in the traditional family relationships interact with various individual needs, which was related to the motivation of drinking and the pattern of drinking behavior. The study suggested that drinking experiences among Korean women should be understood in the contexts of socio-cultural factors and a intervention program is developed to change Korean women's internalized gender norms.
Cultural Identity, Acculturation and Mental Health off Immigrant Youths - Review Study for Canada’s Immigrant Youth Population
Authors: Kim Hyun-Sil
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study presents the finding of various research project examining relationship between cultural identity, acculturation, and mental health, and suggested the health policy making for Canada's immigrant population based on these findings. Methods: Research objectives were accomplished by conducting a literature review. The main areas of the literature review included immigration and mental health outcomes, cultural identity, acculturation and changes in psychological well-being. Results: Arrival and resettlement in a new country often involves a period of significant readjustment and stress. Findings from previous studies suggest that cultural identity may contribute uniquely to the psychological well-being and successful development of ethnic-minority youths. It has been proposed that acculturation also affects mental health by virtue of being a source of stress, or by affecting individual responses to stress. Conclusion: This study concluded with policy implications and recommendation for future study. From the review of relevant literatures, the author suggests that programs and policies that empower immigrant groups to develop and maintain their own cultural identity and ethnic pride have positive long-term effects for the improvement of immigrant population's mental health status.
The Development of Competency Focused Cognitive Behavioral Program for the Adolescents with Drinking Problem Parents
Authors: Hyun Myung-Sun , Nam Kyoung A
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The study was designed to develop a competency focused cognitive-behavioral program for adolescents with alcoholic parents. Methods: The study was conducted from September 2004 to August 2005. For developing the program, related literature was reviewed and needs assessment survey for the program among adolescents was done. Based on the Competency model suggested by Albee(1978), a program was developed. Results: The developed program consisted of five parts -Opening, Raising self-consciousness and reviewing risk factors, Identifying risk factors and unhealthy coping strategies, Developing healthy coping strategies and protective factors, and Closing-. Conclusion: The program developed in this study has structured and specific content for each session, it may be useful to replicate the program for the Children of the alcoholics in other settings.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA FERRAMENTA GISus-M PARA ESTIMATIVA DA PERDA DE SOLOS DESENVOLVIDOS DE BASALTO E ARENITO.
Authors: Felipe Decco Hermiliano , Siqueira Vendrame Pedro Rodolfo
Published: September 2024

Processos erosivos acelerados são ameaças globais, podendo ser quantificados e classificados. A região norte do Paraná é conhecida pela sua alta produtividade de grãos e a rotatividade de culturas (soja, milho, trigo e aveia). O município de Bela Vista do Paraíso tem a particularidade de estar assentado sobre duas formações geológicas, uma eruptiva básica da Formação Serra Geral (JKsg) e uma arenítica da Formação Adamantinha (Ka). A utilização de SIGs para a quantificação de perda de solos vem se intensificando nas ciências da terra, na qual o software GISus-M tem relevância pela sua praticidade. Observou-se que os fatores C, que no caso tem seus valores determinados pela metodologia de Durigon et al. (2014), estão ligados à perda de solos mensais pelos processos erosivos em função da rotatividade de culturas e seu período de pousio, além de que a erodibilidade (fator K) também tem sua siginificância, principalmente, associada aos fatores LS. A utilização de modelagem mensal para RUSLE expressa uma melhor observação dos processos erosivos que ocorrem, além de contribuir para medidas de conservação dos solos e o planejamento e ordenamento de estradas vicinais no município.
REFUNCIONALIZAÇÃO E NOVAS DINÂMICAS IMOBILIÁRIAS NA ÁREA CENTRAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Monteiro João Carlos Carvalhaes , De Lázaro d'Ávila Garcia Marcos
Published: September 2024

O objetivo do presente artigo é trazer reflexões críticas sobre o programa Reviver Centro em seu primeiro ano de existência, analisando o contexto de criação e os argumentos mobilizados pelo poder público municipal para angariar legitimidade à sua implementação, bem como discorrer sobre o instrumental urbanístico que garante a conversão de imóveis e incentiva a produção de unidades residenciais. Ao final do texto, traz-se um panorama das realizações do programa e ponderações sobre os impactos socioespaciais dessa redinamização do mercado imobiliário residencial para a área central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA FRENTE À QUALIDADE DE VIDA URBANA
Authors: VIANA FERREIRA ROBERTO VÍCTOR , Fernandes Vivian de Oliveira , De Souza Thaís Góes
Published: September 2024

Os dados geoespaciais abrem um campo de conhecimento que não só permite realizar modelagens estatísticas convencionais, mas também propicia a exploração locacional dos dados, revelando padrões, conexões e relacionamentos. Análises espaciais podem ser realizadas para facilitar o entendimento das problemáticas complexas na escala intraurbana, associando uma, duas ou mais variáveis ao estudo. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa analisou a correlação espacial de duas variáveis socioeconômicas: o Índice de Qualidade Urbano-Ambiental de Salvador (IQUASalvador) e o Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e Territorial Urbana (IPTU), especificamente em um estudo de caso para a Prefeitura-Bairro Barra/Pituba, em Salvador, capital do estado da Bahia. Para identificar a dependência espacial entre as variáveis foram utilizadas algumas técnicas exploratórias de dados geoespaciais, como o Índice de Moran Global, o Indicador de Moran Local (LISA) e o gráfico de espalhamento de Moran, executados de maneira univariada e bivariada. Os resultados apresentaram autocorrelação positiva e significativa, cujos níveis de confiança dos dados foram de 95% e 99%, além de revelar determinados padrões geoespaciais na área de estudo. Percebeu-se certas similaridades locacionais, principalmente no agrupamento Alto-Alto, identificado nos bairros da Barra e do Canela. Deste modo, os resultados evidenciam que as análises geoespaciais são artifícios técnico-científicos importantes, pois podem ser capazes de complementar a análise estatística convencional de dados gerais, inclusive as que tratem de informações socioeconômicas referentes ao desenvolvimento municipal.
PLATAFORMAS DIGITALES DE ALQUILER TEMPORARIO Y NUEVAS FORMAS DE EXTRACCIÓN DE RENTAS URBANAS. MIRADAS DESDE BUENOS AIRES
Authors: Lerena Natalia , Rodríguez Luciana , Sabán Laila , Guzmán Felipe
Published: September 2024

El presente trabajo explora la emergencia de los alquileres temporarios en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, un fenómeno poco indagado en América Latina. Se argumenta que los alquileres temporarios son una modalidad flexible de renta inmobiliaria, que acelera la rotación del capital y lo moviliza globalmente a través de nuevos instrumentos financieros trasnacionales, mientras que, a nivel local, refuerza los problemas de acceso a la vivienda. A partir del relevamiento de las ofertas en Airbnb, entrevistas a actores clave y el relevamiento de fuentes gubernamentales, se analizan tres dimensiones principales del fenómeno en Ciudad de Buenos Aires: los efectos socio urbanos, la emergencia de nuevos actores en la cadena de rentas urbanas y el papel del estado en la proliferación de los alquileres temporales. Entre los principales resultados, se verifica que esta modalidad de alquiler reproduce y profundiza las desigualdades socio territoriales, que los alquileres temporarios han dado lugar a nuevos y renovados actores -nacionales y trasnacionales- en la cadena de extracción de rentas urbanas en Buenos Aires, y que el estado local ha contribuido -por acción y por omisión- con el despliegue de los alquileres temporarios, sin considerar los efectos negativos sobre el acceso a la vivienda en alquiler de los residentes locales.
Supporting distress behaviours in people with dementia in the community
Authors: Pepper Amy , Dening Karen Harrison
Published: September 2024

The outward signs of distress can take many forms, including agitation, aggression, apathy, anxiety and depression and is experienced by most people with dementia at some point during the disease trajectory. Supporting people with dementia who experience distress can pose a significant challenge to community nurses who may lack the time, knowledge and skills to manage distress effectively. This article discusses distress in dementia, including the interplay between stress and distress, examines the various forms of distress and its causes. The article also presents two fictionalised case studies, drawn from the authors’ clinical experience, demonstrating evidence-based approaches community nurses can use in their practice to support people with dementia who experience distress.
OS OUTROS SOMOS NÓS: CORDEL E ELABORAÇÃO DE LIVRO PARADIDÁTICO DE QUÍMICA PARA PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL
Authors: Batista dos Santos Michele , Vizconde Veraszto Estéfano
Published: September 2024

O crescimento de matrículas de pessoas com deficiências nas escolas públicas regulares aumentou a demanda por pesquisas na área. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa utilizou os três eixos para elaborar um livro paradidático para alunos com deficiência visual: eixo conceitual, pedagógico e comunicacional. Dessa forma, foi desenvolvido um livro paradidático que trouxe algo novo e diferenciado para a área, uma narrativa sensorial e em primeira pessoa que aborda a radioatividade. Assim, conseguiu-se explorar as potencialidades desse material. Efetivando também os objetivos específicos, pois foi criado um livro paradidático inclusivo e de fácil acesso e que também potencializa recursos para auxiliar a melhoria da linguagem e oralidade, utilizando a literatura de cordel no itinerário pedagógico e esse mesmo itinerário propõem metodologias de aplicação de livro paradidático a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da área.
O “XIRÊ DE GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE” NA AMAZÔNIA TOCANTINA: PADILHAGENS AUTOETNOGRÁFICAS
Authors: Filgueira André Luiz de Souza
Published: September 2024

Estes escritos partem das vivências pedagógicas na disciplina optativa: Gênero, Diversidade e História Escolar, ministrada para a licenciatura em História, do Campus Universitário do Tocantins/Cametá, da Universidade Federal do Pará. Nomeio essas experiências acadêmicas de “xirê2 de gênero e sexualidade”. O objetivo é registrar a urgência social dos diálogos sobre gênero e sexualidade nos cursos de formação de professores/as. Etnografei o vivido a partir da metodologia autoetnográfica, Fabiene Gama (2020). Ainda falando de método, girei com a poética dos terreiros de axé. Para cumpri-la, bati cabeça para a padilhagem de Simas e Rufino (2018). Concluiu-se que para a ruptura com o pacto heteronormativo branco capitalista, que promove silêncios e violências nas corporeidades abjetas, é necessário nomear. Inspirado em Lélia Gonzalez (2020), é apoderar-se de si mesmo pela linguagem. Esse é o jeito insubmisso, pela padilhagem autoetnográfica, de enfrentamento da cultura do extermínio às diversidades.
Why They’re Censoring Comics Again
Authors: Kashtan Aaron
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper asks why comics censorship has reemerged as a significant national phenomenon, and how the current wave of comics censorship compares to earlier such waves, particularly in the 1950s and 1980s. I argue that on one hand, contemporary comics censorship is a new phenomenon in that it focuses on comics which are assigned in schools and read by young readers. To this extent, comics censorship paradoxically testifies to the increased cultural status of comics. At the same time, contemporary comics censorship also relies on the same basic philosophical misconceptions that have always informed comics censorship.
Research on the Early Impact of Dobbs on Abortion, Births and Contraception: What We Know So Far
Authors:   Guttmacher Institute, Jones Rachel K. , Remez Lisa
Published: September 2024

The US Supreme Court’s June 2022 decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization eliminated the federal constitutional right to abortion in the United States. This report provides a topline summary of the emerging body of research measuring the likely impact of the Dobbs decision on outcomes in four areas: abortion services and access, abortion incidence, incidence of births and contraceptive use. To locate peer-reviewed studies, we searched three academic databases (Google Scholar, PubMed and JSTOR) using the terms “abortion” AND (“Dobbs” OR “Roe”) and limited our summary to study findings published by April 30, 2024. Fewer than 10 peer-reviewed journal articles examining the impact of this legal decision had been published by that date (in part because the peer-review process can take months or years). Some studies were published in other formats, and we relied on internet searches, media coverage and institutional knowledge to locate the studies that had not been published in peer-reviewed journals. We also examined the references cited in research studies located by these searches. This report does not include every research publication we found (see Appendix below for a list of additional studies) and is limited to those most relevant to the four topic areas mentioned above. Our summary includes: 9 articles published in peer-reviewed journals 1 manuscript undergoing peer review and available via preprint 13 online reports, discussion papers and policy analyses Since April 30, 2024, additional studies have been published and many more are on the horizon. The studies summarized here reflect only the beginning of what will be a substantial body of research that provides valuable insights into how specific states’ policies affect their residents’ reproductive health and autonomy under changed conditions after the Dobbs decision.
Simplified design method for optical imaging systems based on deep learning
Authors: Xue Ben , Wei Shijie , Yang Xihang , Ma Yinpeng , Xi Teli , Shao Xiaopeng
Published: September 2024

Modern optical design methods pursue achieving zero aberrations in optical imaging
systems by adding lenses, which also leads to increased structural
complexity of imaging systems. For given optical imaging systems,
directly reducing the number of lenses would result in a decrease in
design degrees of freedom. Even if the simplified imaging system can
satisfy the basic first-order imaging parameters, it lacks sufficient
design degrees of freedom to constrain aberrations to maintain the
clear imaging quality. Therefore, in order to address the issue of
image quality defects in the simplified imaging system, with support
of computational imaging technology, we proposed a simplified
spherical optical imaging system design method. The method adopts an
optical-algorithm joint design strategy to design a simplified optical
system to correct partial aberrations and combines a reconstruction
algorithm based on the ResUNet++ network to correct residual
aberrations, achieving mutual compensation correction of aberrations
between the optical system and the algorithm. We validated our method
on a two-lens optical imaging system and compared the imaging
performance with that of a three-lens optical imaging system with
similar first-order imaging parameters. The imaging results show that
the quality of reconstructed images of the two-lens imaging system has
improved (SSIM improved 13.94%, PSNR improved 21.28%), and the quality
of the reconstructed image is close to the quality of the direct
imaging results of the three-lens optical imaging system.
Broadband laser-processed terahertz moth-eye antireflection structure with a controlled lattice type
Authors: Koike Rikuo , Matoba Mizuho , Kawano Shotaro , Sakurai Haruyuki , Konishi Kuniaki , Mio Norikatsu
Published: September 2024

Fabrication
of antireflection moth-eye
structures on the surface of optical materials is an important method
for suppressing Fresnel reflection in the terahertz
frequency range. However, the antireflection bandwidth of such
moth-eye structures is currently limited by the aspect ratio of
fabricable structures. In this study, we explore the possibility of
broadening the antireflection bandwidth of laser-processed moth-eye
structures by altering the lattice type of fabricated moth-eye
structures among hexagonal, square, and honeycomb configurations.
According to the results of experiments and simulations, a hexagonal
lattice configuration results in a 15% higher upper limit of the
antireflection frequency than the square lattice, without compromising
the processing efficiency. This study contributes to the advancement
of terahertz technology by optimizing antireflection structures for
broader bandwidths, such as astronomical observation and wireless
communications, where the widest possible bandwidth is required.
Quantization of topological edge mode in a one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure
Authors: Singh Ankit , Tiwari Akhilesh , Shahrukh  , Kumar Nishant , Kumar Pramod
Published: September 2024

The study of topological phases of matter has seen significant advancements in recent years, largely driven by the discovery and exploration of their distinctive topological edge states. Here, we delve into the edge properties of a one-dimensional periodic multilayer structure. The analysis reveals that this system exhibits characteristics akin to the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model in optics. The theoretical analysis explores the impact of multiple interfaces on the emergence of a topological edge mode (TEM) within the structure. The proposed heterostructure functions as a general beam splitter. Moreover, when the interface is doubled, the heterostructure exhibits two TEM states, resulting from the quantization of an incoming beam into its two equally orthogonal constituents. As the number of interfaces increases, more quantized TEM states occur within the photonic bandgap. Also, it identifies that the quality factor of the original TEM mode at 382.08 THz frequency linearly increases with respect to the number of interfaces. The outcome suggests potential applications in photonic sensors, optoelectronics, and photonic devices, indicating the heterostructure’s pivotal role in advancing these fields.
Parabolic mirror cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for trace gas detection
Authors: Miao Junfang , Liu Jiaxiang , Ning Zhiqiang , Xu Haichun , Pan Ying , Li Zhengang , Fang Yonghua
Published: September 2024

A parabolic mirror cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PM-CERS) method was reported, utilizing a combined optical path of a parabolic mirror and a multi-pass cell. In this setup, the focal point of the parabolic mirror is aligned with the laser convergence center of the multi-pass cell. This method achieved high excitation intensity at the focal point and broadened the collection range of Raman scattering signals, thus significantly improving both the excitation and collection efficiency of Raman signals. Additionally, the structure of the system was simplified through the integrated design of the collection cavity and sample cell. Nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide could be detected in the air within an exposure time of just 0.5 s, achieving the limits of detection at the ppm level. Compared to the conventional multi-pass cell, the signal intensity and signal-to-noise ratio were each enhanced by approximately 5.6-fold, further demonstrating the excellent potential application in trace gas detection.
All-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Wu Yue , Liu Yu , Zhuang Haoran , Cao Juan , Sun Dan , Zhang Guoan , Yang Yongjie , Tao Rumao
Published: September 2024

In this Letter, an all-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MTA-MZI) is proposed and realized for the first time to our knowledge. Employing an electric arc discharge technology, we couple a multi-mode fiber (MMF) and a single-mode fiber (SMF), resulting in an MZI characterized by centimeter-scale arms. The varied sensitivity of fiber modes to curvature makes the high-order modes of the MMF more prone to leakage when subjected to bending, leading to alterations in the output interference fringe pattern of the MZI. Through continuous monitoring of the interference fringes of the MZI, we effectively detect the mode properties within the MZI in real time. In addition, a verification experiment is conducted by introducing a peanut structure to excite further higher-order modes of light to enter the MZI in advance. Upon modifying the curvature of the MZI, these excited higher-order modes leak, causing the interference fringe pattern to revert to its initial state without a peanut structure. This experimental validation highlights the potential employment of the MTA-MZI as an all-fiber mode converter and paves the way for optical field mode conversion within an all-fiber framework.
Three-Dimensional Modelling of Near-field Beam Profiles from Grating Couplers using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Lim Yu Dian , Tan Chuan Seng
Published: September 2024

Integrated silicon photonics (SiPh) gratings have been widely studied for the optical addressing of trapped ions. As the formfactor of ion traps reduces, the ion-trapping height decreases, and may unavoidably fall into the reactive near-field region of SiPh gratings. In this study, a deep neural network (DNN) modeling technique is developed as a rapid alternative to generate reactive near-field beam profiles of light coupled from SiPh gratings, as compared to the conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. The training of the optimized DNN model took 14 minutes, and the generation of beam profiles from the trained model took a few seconds. The time required for model training and beam profile generation is significantly faster than FDTD simulation, which may take up to 2–3 hours. The generated beam achieved accuracy values of up to 75%. Despite the relatively longer model training duration, it is possible to reuse the trained DNN model to generate beam profiles from gratings with several design variations. In short, this work demonstrates an alternative DNN-assisted technique to rapidly generate beam profiles in the reactive near-field region.
The state of primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia: A regional analysis for 2022
Authors: Kattan Waleed
Published: September 2024

Objective

This study examines the 2022 distribution of primary healthcare centers across Saudi Arabia’s 20 regions, focusing on disparities and healthcare accessibility.

Methods

A quantitative analysis of the Ministry of Health’s data was conducted. Primary healthcare centers distribution was evaluated by calculating the number of primary healthcare centers per 100,000 population across different administrative regions.

Results

The study uncovered regional disparities, with the PHCs-per-100,000-people ratio showing significant variance. Regions like Riyadh had an above-average ratio with 7.5 PHCs-per-100,000-people, while Jeddah lagged behind with a concerning 3.2 PHCs-per-100,000-people despite being a populous city. The PHC-per-capita ratio declined to 6.6 in 2022 from 8.0 in 2017. The data also revealed that the Eastern Province showed an increase in the number of primary healthcare centers.

Conclusion

Disparities in the distribution of primary healthcare centers in 2022 highlight a critical need for equitable healthcare access across Saudi Arabia. Many regions require increased primary healthcare center allocation to match population needs. The findings underscore the urgency of integrating these insights into policy frameworks to achieve the goals of Vision 2030, emphasizing the development of a sustainable and equitable healthcare system.

Implications

Policymakers need to consider these disparities to guide the strategic placement of primary healthcare centers and ensure an equitable healthcare system. This study provides a basis for targeted policy interventions to improve healthcare equity and prepare the health system for future demographic and epidemiological transitions.
An improvement on the assessment of ecosystem services value of urban wetlands under consideration of water yield at regional scale
Authors: Wu Lijun , Hu Zui , Huang Fuwei
Published: September 2024

Urban wetlands are gaining more attention and showing more important play in the sustainability. Surge findings are attached on the assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Service Value (WESV) in urban areas. While determining WESV in urban areas, it is still difficult to capture the nature of wetlands due to neglecting the impact of related impervious surfaces. It is necessary to improve the existing evaluating methods of WESV when seeking the truth. In order to narrow this issue, based on InVEST model, this study employed Equivalent Factors (EF) to determine WESV in urban areas with a case of Hengyang City, China. The main materials of this study included high-resolution images, DEM, precipitation, evapotranspiration, soil, vegetation, and statistical yearbook of the case. By comparing the uncorrected results with precipitation corrected and water yield corrected results of WESV, this study confirmed that: (1) the corrected results can reflect more real status than uncorrected; (2) in terms of EF, the water yield factor is more conducive to finding the truth than precipitation. Through this study, the water yield factor can effectively reduce the adverse effects of climate and improve the accuracy when determining WESV in urban areas.