bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Gene Networks in 3D4/31 Porcine Alveolar Macrophages Treated with Antigenic Epitopes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIA, IIA, and IVA
Authors: Kim Suji , Oh Myung Whan , Bin Park Woo , Yoo Han Sang
Published: March 2019

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(App) is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Although App produces several virulence factors, Apx toxins, the primary App virulence factors, have been the focus of numerous studies. However, the host response against the Apx toxins has not been elucidated at the transcriptomic level. Therefore, in this study, we examined the response of an immortalized porcine alveolar macrophage cell line (IPAM 3D4/31) to four antigenic epitopes of the App exotoxins, ApxIA, IIA and IVA. The antigenic epitopes of the Apx toxins (ApxIA Ct, ApxIIA Nt, ApxIVA C1 and ApxIV C2) were determined by anin-silicoantigenicity prediction analysis. Gene expression in IPAMs was analyzed by RNA-Seq after treatment with the four proteins for 24 h. A total of 15,269 DEGs were observed to be associated with cellular and metabolic processes in the GO category Biological Process and nuclear receptors and apoptosis signaling in IPA analyses. These DEGs were also related to M2 macrophage polarization and apoptosis in IPAMs. These host transcriptional analyses present novel global gene networks of the host response to treatment with Apx toxins.
Temperature induces changes in Drosophila energy stores
Authors: Klepsatel Peter , Wildridge David , Gáliková Martina
Published: March 2019

Temperature has a profound impact on animal physiology. In this study, we examined the effect of ambient temperature on the energy stores of the model organismDrosophila melanogaster. By exposing adult males to 11 temperatures between 13 °C and 33 °C, we found that temperature significantly affects the amount of energy reserves. Whereas flies increase their fat stores at intermediate temperatures, exposure to temperatures below 15 °C or above 27 °C causes a reduction of fat reserves. Moreover, we found that glycogen stores followed a similar trend, although not so pronounced. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of these changes, we compared the temperature dependence of food consumption and metabolic rate. This analysis revealed that food intake and metabolic rate scale with temperature equally, suggesting that the temperature-induced changes in energy reserves are probably not caused by a mismatch between these two traits. Finally, we assessed the effect of temperature on starvation resistance. We found that starvation survival is a negative exponential function of temperature; however we did not find any clear evidence that implies the relative starvation resistance is compromised at non-optimal temperatures. Our results indicate that whilst optimal temperatures can promote accumulation of energy reserves, exposure to non-optimal temperatures reducesDrosophilaenergy stores.
Stimulation of noradrenergic transmission by reboxetine is beneficial for a mouse model of progressive parkinsonism
Authors: Kreiner Grzegorz , Rafa-Zabłocka Katarzyna , Barut Justyna , Chmielarz Piotr , Kot Marta , Bagińska Monika , Parlato Rosanna , Daniel Władysława Anna , Nalepa Irena
Published: March 2019

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized by motor deficits such as tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. These symptoms are directly caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. However, a wealth of clinical evidence indicates that the dopaminergic system is not the only system affected in PD. Postmortem studies of brains from PD patients have revealed the degeneration of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) to the same or even greater extent than that observed in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Moreover, studies performed on rodent models suggest that enhancement of noradrenergic transmission may attenuate the PD-like phenotype induced by MPTP administration, a neurotoxin-based PD model. The aim of this study was to investigate whether chronic treatment with either of two compounds targeting the noradrenergic system (reboxetine or atipamezole) possess the ability to reduce the progression of a PD-like phenotype in a novel mouse model of progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by the genetic inhibition of rRNA synthesis in dopaminergic neurons, mimicking a PD-like phenotype. The results showed that reboxetine improved the parkinsonian phenotype associated with delayed progression of SN/VTA dopaminergic neurodegeneration and higher dopamine content in the striatum. Moreover, the alpha1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine enhanced survival of TH+ neurons in primary cell cultures, supporting the putative neuroprotective effects of noradrenergic stimulation. Our results provide new insights regarding the possible influence of the noradrenergic system on dopaminergic neuron survival and strongly support the hypothesis regarding the neuroprotective role of noradrenaline.
Assessment of the energy recovery potential of waste Photovoltaic (PV) modules
Authors: Farrell Charlie , Osman Ahmed I. , Zhang Xiaolei , Murphy Adrian , Doherty Rory , Morgan Kevin , Rooney David W. , Harrison John , Coulter Rachel , Shen Dekui
Published: March 2019

Global exponential increase in levels of Photovoltaic (PV) module waste is an increasing concern. The purpose of this study is to investigate if there is energy value in the polymers contained within first-generation crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV modules to help contribute positively to recycling rates and the circular economy. One such thermochemical conversion method that appeals to this application is pyrolysis. As c-Si PV modules are made up of glass, metal, semiconductor and polymer layers; pyrolysis has potential not to promote chemical oxidation of any of these layers to help aid delamination and subsequently, recovery. Herein, we analysed both used polymers taken from a deconstructed used PV module and virgin-grade polymers prior to manufacture to determine if any properties or thermal behaviours had changed. The calorific values of the used and virgin-grade Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant were found to be high, unchanged and comparable to that of biodiesel at 39.51 and 39.87 MJ.Kg−1, respectively. This result signifies that there is energy value within used modules. As such, this study has assessed the pyrolysis behaviour of PV cells and has indicated the energy recovery potential within the used polymers found in c-Si PV modules.
Effect of Low-Temperature Al2O3 ALD Coating on Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Composite Cathode on the Long-Term Cycling Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Neudeck Sven , Mazilkin Andrey , Reitz Christian , Hartmann Pascal , Janek Jürgen , Brezesinski Torsten
Published: March 2019

Conformal coating of nm-thick Al2O3 layers on electrode material is an effective strategy for improving the longevity of rechargeable batteries. However, solid understanding of how and why surface coatings work the way they do has yet to be established. In this article, we report on low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 on practical, ready-to-use composite cathodes of NCM622 (60% Ni), a technologically important material for lithium-ion battery applications. Capacity retention and performance of Al2O3-coated cathodes (≤10 ALD growth cycles) are significantly improved over uncoated NCM622 reference cathodes, even under moderate cycling conditions. Notably, the Al2O3 surface shell is preserved after cycling in full-cell configuration for 1400 cycles as revealed by advanced electron microscopy and elemental mapping. While there are no significant differences in terms of bulk lattice structure and transition-metal leaching among the coated and uncoated NCM622 materials, the surface of the latter is found to be corroded to a much greater extent. In particular, detachment of active material from the secondary particles and side reactions with the electrolyte appear to lower the electrochemical activity, thereby leading to accelerated capacity degradation.
Innervation is higher above Bone Remodeling Surfaces and in Cortical Pores in Human Bone: Lessons from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Sayilekshmy Manasi , Hansen Rie Bager , Delaissé Jean-Marie , Rolighed Lars , Andersen Thomas Levin , Heegaard Anne-Marie
Published: March 2019

Mounting evidence from animal studies suggests a role of the nervous system in bone physiology. However, little is known about the nerve fiber localization to human bone compartments and bone surface events. This study reveals the density and distribution of nerves in human bone and the association of nerve profiles to bone remodeling events and vascular structures in iliac crest biopsies isolated from patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Bone sections were sequentially double-immunostained for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a marker for sympathetic nerves, followed by protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), a pan-neuronal marker, or double-immunostained for either PGP9.5 or TH in combination with CD34, an endothelial marker. In the bone marrow, the nerve profile density was significantly higher above remodeling surfaces as compared to quiescent bone surfaces. Ninety-five percentages of all nerve profiles were associated with vascular structures with the highest association to capillaries and arterioles. Moreover, vasculature with innervation was denser above bone remodeling surfaces. Finally, the nerve profiles density was 5-fold higher in the intracortical pores compared to bone marrow and periosteum. In conclusion, the study shows an anatomical link between innervation and bone remodeling in human bone.
Effects of aqueous suppressants and prostaglandin analogues on early wound healing after glaucoma implant surgery
Authors: Jung Kyoung In , Woo Jung Eun , Park Chan Kee
Published: March 2019

A hypertensive phase frequently develops in the early postoperative period after glaucoma shunt operations. Anti-glaucoma eye drop use is essential when postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) is not controlled. We investigated whether the use of early topical anti-glaucoma medication affects wound healing following glaucoma tube surgery. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive topical aqueous suppressant (timolol-dorzolamide fixed combination), prostaglandin (PG) analogue (travoprost), or normal saline (control group). First, we observed the effects of topical eye drops on Tenon’s tissue in non-operated eyes in rabbits. Second, we examined the effects of these eye drops on rabbit eyes that underwent Ahmed glaucoma drainage device implantation, including the effects on the histopathological appearance of their blebs. Interleukin-2 in the Tenon’s tissue was elevated in the PG group when compared to the control and aqueous suppressant groups (P = 0.006). In non-operated eyes, IOP was similar among the groups (P = 0.545). After glaucoma implant surgery, the average height of the inner collagenous layer and the average height of the α-SMA-positive blebs were the least in the aqueous suppressant group (P = 0.013, P = 0.001, respectively) at 4 weeks postoperatively. IOP was lower in the aqueous suppressant group than that in the control and PG groups (P = 0.001) following tube surgery. After Ahmed tube surgery, early treatment with aqueous suppressant decreased fibrosis in the bleb, but early treatment with the PG analogues did not.
Extremely Large Magnetic-Field-Effects on the Impedance Response of TiO2 Quantum Dots
Authors: Mombrú Dominique , Romero Mariano , Faccio Ricardo , Tumelero Milton A. , Mombrú Alvaro W.
Published: March 2019

Here, we report large magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance response of undoped TiO2 quantum dots weighting the contribution of both grain and grain boundaries by means of impedance spectroscopy. We also performed a complete characterization of the TiO2 quantum dots (~5 nm) prepared by sol-gel via water vapor diffusion method, using X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, we showed a complete theoretical study on the electronic properties of TiO2 surface and subsurface oxygen and titanium vacancies to shed some light in their electronic and magnetic properties. Based in our study, we can conclude that the presence of defects, mainly at the grain boundary of these undoped TiO2 quantum dots, could be responsible for the large positive magnetoresistance (+1200%) and negative magnetocapacitance (−115%) responses at low applied magnetic fields (1.8 kOe) and room temperature.
Immunohistological Study of Monkey Foveal Retina
Authors: Ikeda Tsunehiko , Nakamura Kimitoshi , Oku Hidehiro , Horie Taeko , Kida Teruyo , Takai Shinji
Published: March 2019

The fovea centralis, an anatomically concave pit located at the center of the macula, is avascular, hypoxic, and characteristic of stem-cell niches of other tissues. We hypothesized that in the fovea, undifferentiated retinal-stem-cell-like cells may exist, and that neurogenesis may occur. Hence, we performed an immunohistological study using cynomolgus monkey retinas. After preparing frozen tissue sections of the retina including the foveal pit, immunostaining was performed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, vimentin, neuron-specific class III β-tubulin (Tuj-1), arrestin 4, neurofilament, CD117, CD44, Ki67, and cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP), followed by fluorescence and/or confocal microscopy examinations. Immunostaining of the tissue sections enabled clear observation of strongly GFAP-positive cells that corresponded to the inner-half layer of the foveolar Müller cell cone. The surface layer of the foveal slope was partially costained with GFAP and vimentin. Tuj-1-positive cells were observed in the innermost layer of the foveolar retina, which spanned to the surrounding ganglion cell layer. Moreover, colocalization of Tuj-1 and GFAP was observed at the foveal pit. The coexpression of CD117 and CD44 was found in the interphotoreceptor matrix of the fovea. The foveolar cone stained positive for both nestin and arrestin 4, however, the photoreceptor layer outside of the foveola displayed weak staining for nestin. Colocalization of nestin and vimentin was observed in the inner half of the Henle layer, while colocalization of nestin and neurofilament was observed in the outer half, predominantly. Scattered Ki67-positive cells were observed in the cellular processes of the outer plexiform layer and the ganglion cell layer around the foveola. Immunostaining for CRALBP was negative in most parts of the GFAP-positive area. The Müller cell cone was divided into GFAP-strongly positive cells, presumably astrocytes, in the inner layer and nestin-positive/GFAP-weakly positive radial glia-like cells in the outer layer. These findings indicated that groups of such undifferentiated cells in the foveola might be involved in maintaining morphology and regeneration.
Transcriptional response of grapevine to infection with the fungal pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yan Jiye , Li Xinghong , Xing Qikai , Chethana K. W. Thilini , Zhao Wensheng
Published: March 2019

Botryosphaeria dieback on the grapevine is caused by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, which threatens the yield and quality of grapes. At present, chemical control strategies are often observed to be ineffective in controlling the disease worldwide. Improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that confer resistance to pathogens would facilitate the development of more pathogen-tolerant grape varieties. Here, we used RNA sequencing analysis to profile the transcriptome of grapevine green shoots infected withLasiodiplodia theobromaeover a time course of 4, 8 and 12 hours post inoculation. A total of 5181 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and DEGs were more abundant over time. Further analysis revealed that many of these DEGs are involved in plant-pathogen interactions, hormone signal transduction and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways, suggesting that innate immunity, phytohormone signaling and many phenylpropanoid compounds, which constitute a complex defense network in plants, are involved in the response of grapevine against toL.theobromaeinfection. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of plant–pathogen interactions that will be valuable for the genetic improvement of grapevines.
Calf aversion to hot-iron disbudding
Authors: Ede Thomas , Lecorps Benjamin , von Keyserlingk Marina A. G. , Weary Daniel M.
Published: March 2019

Dairy calves are routinely disbudded by cauterization with a hot iron. To mitigate the intra-operative and initial post-operative pain associated with this procedure some farmers provide calves general and local anesthetics, but it is unknown if the procedure remains aversive. We used a place-conditioning paradigm to assess aversion caused by hot-iron cautery with a local anesthetic compared to a sham procedure. A test area was divided into three equally sized pens: two ‘treatment’ pens with distinct visual cues were connected by a central ‘neutral’ pen. Each calf went through the disbudding procedure and a 6-h recovery period in one treatment pen and the control procedure in the other treatment pen. In three tests (48, 72 and 96 h after the second treatment), calves could freely roam among the pens until they chose to lie down, ending the session. Calves spent less time in either of the treatment pens compared to the central pen. When only comparing the two treatment pen, calves spent less time in the disbudding pen, especially during the first test. Calves were also less likely to lie down in the pen associated with the disbudding procedure. We conclude that even with the use of a local anesthetic, hot-iron disbudding is salient and aversive for calves, indicating the need to refine or avoid the procedure.
Distinct endophytes are used by diverse plants for adaptation to karst regions
Authors: Li Fei , He Xiaohong , Sun Yuanyuan , Zhang Ximin , Tang Xiaoxin , Li Yuke , Yi Yin
Published: March 2019

The present study aimed at systematically investigating the endophytic communities of dominant plants in the karst ecosystem. Soil and plant materials were collected and after sequencing of the 16 s RNA, the diversity and abundance of the endophytic community structures in leaves were examined. Our results showed that abundant and diverse endogenous bacteria were associated with the leaves of common dominant plants living in the karst ecological environment. Notably, common traits and significant differences in the endophytic community structures were recorded among different plant species with different leaf grown in soils with different calcium contents. These observations implied that plants may adopt different strategies to adapt to the karst ecological environment. In addition, the endophytic bacteria associated with the leaves may be involved in different physiological strategies used by the plants to adapt to the karst ecological environment. These findings provide new avenues for developing microbial agents that could be suitable for the karst ecological environment and will provide sustainable solutions for improving the ability of plants to adapt to karst special adversities, and thus for karst geomorphological environmental protection and agricultural development.
Biosorption and Biodegradation of the Environmental Hormone Nonylphenol By Four Marine Microalgae
Authors: Wang Luyun , Xiao Han , He Ning , Sun Dong , Duan Shunshan
Published: March 2019

Microalgae are the most abundant microorganisms in aquatic environments, and many possess the ability to remove organic contaminants. The presence of endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) in many coastal marine systems and their associated risks have elicited great concern, especially in the case of nonylphenol (NP), which is classified as a priority contaminate by the U.S. EPA. In this context, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the intracellular absorption, extracellular adsorption and biodegradation of NP by four species of marine microalgae: Phaeocystis globosa, Nannochloropsis oculata, Dunaliella salina and Platymonas subcordiformis. The results showed a sharp reduction of NP in medium containing the four microalgal species during the first 24 h of incubation, and the four species exhibited the greatest capacity for NP adsorption and absorption within 24 h of culture. However, the amount of NP absorbed and adsorbed by all four microalgae decreased with increasing time in culture, and intracellular absorption was greater than extracellular adsorption. After 120 h of exposure to NP, the four species could biodegrade most of the NP in the medium, with efficiencies ranging from 43.43 to 90.94%. In sum, we found that the four microalgae have high biodegradation percentages and can thus improve the bioremediation of NP-contaminated water.
Liver proteomics unravel the metabolic pathways related to Feed Efficiency in beef cattle
Authors: Fonseca Leydiana D. , Eler Joanir P. , Pereira Mikaele A. , Rosa Alessandra F. , Alexandre Pâmela A. , Moncau Cristina T. , Salvato Fernanda , Rosa-Fernandes Livia , Palmisano Giuseppe , Ferraz José B. S. , Fukumasu Heidge
Published: March 2019

Improving nutrient utilization efficiency is essential for livestock, given the current scenario of increasing demand for animal protein and sustainable resource use. In this context, understanding the biology of feed efficiency (FE) in beef cattle allows the development of markers for identification and selection of best animals for animal production. Thus, 98 young Nellore bulls were evaluated for FE and at the end of the experiment liver samples from six High Feed Efficient (HFE) and six Low Feed Efficient (LFE) animals were collected for protein extraction, digestion and analysis by HPLC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed for differential abundant proteins (DAPs), protein networks, and functional enrichment. Serum endotoxin was also quantified. We found 42 DAPs and 3 protein networks significantly related to FE. The main pathways associated with FE were: microbial metabolism; biosynthesis of fatty acids, amino acids and vitamins; glycolysis/gluconeogenesis; xenobiotic metabolism and; antigen processing and presentation. Serum endotoxins were significantly higher in LFE animals supporting the results. Therefore, the findings presented here confirmed the altered hepatic metabolism and pronounced hepatic inflammation in LFE animals supporting that the increased bacterial load is at least in part responsible for the hepatic lesions and inflammation in LFE animals.
Efficacy and Safety of Pioglitazone Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Alam Fahmida , Islam Md. Asiful , Mohamed Mafauzy , Ahmad Imran , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Donnelly Richard , Idris Iskandar , Gan Siew Hua
Published: March 2019

Pioglitazone, the only thiazolidinedione drug in clinical practice is under scrutiny due to reported adverse effects, it’s unique insulin sensitising action provides rationale to remain as a therapeutic option for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing pioglitazone monotherapy with monotherapies of other oral antidiabetic drugs for assessing its efficacy and safety in T2DM patients. Mean changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and mean changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, body weight (BW) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Safety outcomes were changes in lipid parameters, blood pressure and incidences of adverse events. Metafor package of R software and RevMan software based on random-effects model were used for analyses. We included 16 randomised controlled trials. Pioglitazone monotherapy showed equivalent efficacy as comparators in reducing HbA1c by 0.05% (95% CI: −0.21 to 0.11) and greater efficacy in reducing FBS level by 0.24 mmol/l (95% CI: −0.48 to −0.01). Pioglitazone showed similar efficacy as comparators in reducing HOMA-IR (WMD: 0.05, 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.59) and increasing high-density lipoprotein level (WMD: 0.02 mmol/l, 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.10). Improved blood pressure (WMD: −1.05 mmHg, 95% CI: −4.29 to 2.19) and triglycerides level (WMD: −0.71 mmol/l, 95% CI: −1.70 to 0.28) were also observed with pioglitazone monotherapy. There was a significant association of pioglitazone with increased BW (WMD: 2.06 kg, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.01) and risk of oedema (RR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.31), though the risk of hypoglycaemia was absolutely lower (RR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.33 to 0.80). Meta-analysis supported pioglitazone as an effective treatment option for T2DM patients to ameliorate hyperglycaemia, adverse lipid metabolism and blood pressure. Pioglitazone is suggested to prescribe following individual patient’s needs. It can be a choice of drug for insulin resistant T2DM patients having dyslipidaemia, hypertension or history of cardiovascular disease.
Runoff events and related rainfall variability in the Southern Carpathians during the last 2000 years
Authors: Longman Jack , Veres Daniel , Ersek Vasile , Haliuc Aritina , Wennrich Volker
Published: March 2019

The occurrence of heavy rainfall events is expected to undergo significant changes under increasing anthropogenic forcing. South-eastern Europe is reacting rapidly to such changes, therefore understanding and forecasting of precipitation variability is vital to better comprehending environmental changes in this area. Here we present a sub-decadal reconstruction of enhanced rainfall events for the past 2000 years from the Southern Carpathians, Romania using peat geochemistry. Five clear periods of enhanced rainfall are identified at 125–250, 600–900, 1050–1300, 1400–1575 and 1725–1980 CE. Significant runoff is observed during the second half of the Medieval Warm Period, whilst the Little Ice Age was characterised by significant variability. The North Atlantic Oscillation appears to be the main control on regional precipitation, but changes in solar irradiance also seem to play a significant role, together with the Siberian High. Comparison of the data presented here with model outputs confirms the ability of models to predict general trends, and major shifts, but highlights the complexity of the region’s hydrological history.
Simulation of tight fluid flow with the consideration of capillarity and stress-change effect
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Di Yuan , Liu Pengcheng , Li Wanzhen
Published: March 2019

The horizontal wells and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies play a significantly important role in developing unconventional reservoirs. Due to the nanopore effects and stress deformation in tight formations, the fluid equilibrium and thermodynamics become more complex and the conventional reservoir simulation models cannot accurately handle these mechanisms. Hence, the objective of this work is to propose a comprehensive simulation model considering the effects of confined space and stress-dependent deformation. We first evaluated the phase envelope and fluid properties in the confined nanopores. Results show that bubble-point pressure and oil viscosity decrease, while formation volume factor and gas-oil ratio increase. The heavy components cause large deviation on the P-T phase envelope at the reservoir condition. Subsequently, a reservoir simulation model of the Bakken tight oil reservoir was built including the effect of stress-dependent deformation. The proposed phase behavior model was applied into the reservoir simulator to predict the hydrocarbon production from the Bakken tight oil reservoir. Finally, the role of the confined space and the stress-dependent deformation on the production are examined in detail. This novel simulation approach can shed light on the better understanding of the key parameters affecting well production of in developing tight oil reservoirs in the future.
The clinical features and prognosis of 100 AIDS-related lymphoma cases
Authors: Wu Dedong , Chen Chen , Zhang Mingzhi , Li Zhaoming , Wang Suqian , Shi Jijing , Zhang Yu , Yao Dingzhu , Hu Shuang
Published: March 2019

To improve outcomes and risk assessment, we systematically analyzed the clinical features of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) and identified survival-associated factors. Data were collected from 100 patients diagnosed with ARL at the Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital in China. The progression-free survival (PFS) duration and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate were determined. A multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the associations between survival and the following variables: sex, age, histological subtype, Ann Arbor stage, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, primary site, baseline CD4+ count, use of chemotherapy, and age-adjusted international prognostic index IPI (aaIPI). The timing of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) relative to chemotherapy was also assessed. The PFS duration and 2-year OS rate were significantly higher in the chemotherapy vs. the non-chemotherapy group (P < 0.001), but did not differ significantly between patients who received chemotherapy before vs. simultaneously as cART (P > 0.05). Age, aaIPI, chemotherapy, LDH level, and the Burkitt/Burkitt-like lymphoma subtype were significant prognostic factors for 2-year OS; the other factors were not associated with prognosis. Our results show that cART plus chemotherapy significantly improves the survival of patients with ARL and identifies several prognostic factors.
Intense bone fluorescence reveals hidden patterns in pumpkin toadlets
Authors: Goutte Sandra , Mason Matthew J. , Antoniazzi Marta M. , Jared Carlos , Merle Didier , Cazes Lilian , Toledo Luís Felipe , el-Hafci Hanane , Pallu Stéphane , Portier Hugues , Schramm Stefan , Gueriau Pierre , Thoury Mathieu
Published: March 2019

The phenomenon of fluorescence can be used by animals to change effective colouration or patterning, potentially to serve functions including intra- and interspecific signalling. Initially believed to be restricted to marine animals, fluorescent colours are now being described in an increasing number of terrestrial species. Here, we describe unique, highly fluorescent patterns in two species of pumpkin toadlets (Brachycephalus ephippium and B. pitanga). We establish that the origin of the fluorescence lies in the dermal bone of the head and back, visible through a particularly thin skin. By comparing them to those of the closely related species Ischnocnema parva, we demonstrate that pumpkin toadlets’ bones are exceptionally fluorescent. We characterize the luminescence properties of the toadlets’ bones and discuss the potential function of fluorescent patterns in natural lighting conditions.
Functional mapping reveals mechanistic clusters for OER catalysis across (Cu–Mn–Ta–Co–Sn–Fe)Ox composition and pH space
Authors: Stein Helge S. , Guevarra Dan , Shinde Aniketa , Jones Ryan J. R. , Gregoire John M. , Haber Joel A.
Published: March 2019

Analysis and visualization of over 2121 OER catalyst compositions over pH 3–13 identifies mechanistic clusters.
A ratiometric fluorescent thermometer based on amphiphilic alkynylpyrene derivatives
Authors: Tang Shao-Xiong , Wang Ning , Xu Xing-Dong , Feng Shengyu
Published: March 2019

A new alkynylpyrene derivative shows thermoresponsive, ratiometric, and reversible fluorescence color switching from red to green in an ambient atmosphere.
A viscochromic, mechanochromic, and unsymmetrical azine for selective detection of Al3+ and Cu2+ ions and its mitotracking studies
Authors: Yadav Richa , Rai Abhishek , Sonkar Avinash Kumar , Rai Vipin , Gupta Subash Chandra , Mishra Lallan
Published: March 2019

A mechanoresponsive, viscochromic, and unsymmetrical azine NDEA probes Al3+ and Cu2+ ions and also co-localizes in the mitochondria of C6 glioma cell lines.
Twist-bend nematic liquid crystals based on thioether linkage
Authors: Arakawa Yuki , Komatsu Kenta , Tsuji Hideto
Published: March 2019

“Thioether”-based twist-bend nematogens.
Synthesis, one/two-photon optical and electrochemical properties and the photopolymerization-sensitizing effect of anthracene-based dyes: influence of the donor groups
Authors: Xue Tanlong , Zhao Di , Hao Tingting , Li Xiuyan , Wang Tao , Nie Jun
Published: March 2019

Anthracene-based dyes with different donor groups: optical and electrochemical properties and their application in dye-sensitized photopolymerization.
Diphenyl sulfone-based A–π-D–π-A dyes as efficient initiators for one-photon and two-photon initiated polymerization
Authors: Jia Xiaoqin , Han Weixiang , Xue Tanlong , Zhao Di , Li Xiuyan , Nie Jun , Wang Tao
Published: March 2019

Diphenyl sulfone-based symmetrical A–π-D–π-A dyes as efficient initiators for one-photon and two-photon initiated polymerization.
Rapid selection of aptamers based on protein microarray
Authors: Yu Fang , Li Hui , Sun Wei , Xu Danke , He Fuchu
Published: March 2019

We report a novel method for the efficient screening of aptamers from a complex ssDNA library based on a microarray chip, which was named Microarray-SELEX.
Synthesis and properties of castor oil based plasticizers
Authors: Fu Qinghe , Long Yilang , Gao Yingyun , Ling Yuan , Qian Hao , Wang Fang , Zhu Xinbao
Published: March 2019

A series of environment-friendly plasticizers has been synthesized from castor oil through a mild esterification/epoxidation reaction.
Size- and density-controlled photodeposition of metallic platinum nanoparticles on titanium dioxide for photocatalytic applications
Authors: Tossi Camilla , Hällström Lassi , Selin Jorma , Vaelma Marko , See Erich , Lahtinen Jouko , Tittonen Ilkka
Published: March 2019

Comprehensive multi-parameter study for a reliable photodeposition of co-catalyst nanoparticles on titanium dioxide.
Binary organic spacer-based quasi-two-dimensional perovskites with preferable vertical orientation and efficient charge transport for high-performance planar solar cells
Authors: Chen Shi , Shen Nan , Zhang Luozheng , Kong Weiguang , Zhang Lihua , Cheng Chun , Xu Baomin
Published: March 2019

The (PEA0.8BA0.2)2MA3Pb4I13 binary spacer Q-2D perovskite device yields a high power conversion efficiency of 15.7%.
Amorphous nickel sulfide nanosheets with embedded vanadium oxide nanocrystals on nickel foam for efficient electrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Niu Yanli , Li Wei , Wu Xiuju , Feng Bomin , Yu Yanan , Hu Weihua , Li Chang Ming
Published: March 2019

A self-supported hierarchical OER catalyst comprising VO/VO2 nanocrystals embedded in amorphous Ni3S2 nanosheets on Ni foam is reported.
Efficient capture and photothermal ablation of planktonic bacteria and biofilms using reduced graphene oxide–polyethyleneimine flexible nanoheaters
Authors: Budimir Milica , Jijie Roxana , Ye Ran , Barras Alexandre , Melinte Sorin , Silhanek Alejandro , Markovic Zoran , Szunerits Sabine , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: March 2019

A flexible nanoheater device, consisting of a Au nanohole array coated with reduced graphene oxide–polyethyleneimine, was applied to capture and eradicate both Gram-positive and Gram negative planktonic bacteria and their biofilms.
Screening of two-photon activated photodynamic therapy sensitizers using a 3D osteosarcoma model
Authors: Dobos Agnes , Steiger Wolfgang , Theiner Dominik , Gruber Peter , Lunzer Markus , Van Hoorick Jasper , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Ovsianikov Aleksandr
Published: March 2019

An in vitro screening platform for high-throughput profiling and comparison of two-photon photodynamic therapy sensitizers was established.
A simple and low-cost screen printed electrode for hepatocellular carcinoma methylation detection
Authors: Huang Bobo , Ji Lin , Liang Bo , Cao Qingpeng , Tu Tingting , Ye Xuesong
Published: March 2019

AuNPs decorated screen printed electrodes were used to detect DNA methylation.
A highly stable neutral viologen/bromine aqueous flow battery with high energy and power density
Authors: Liu Wanqiu , Liu Yun , Zhang Huamin , Xie Congxin , Shi Lei , Zhou Yong-Gui , Li Xianfeng
Published: March 2019

A neutral viologen/Br2 flow battery with high power density and energy density was designed and presented.
Multi-stimuli-responsive induced chirality of polyoxometalates in natural polysaccharide hydrogels
Authors: Wang Rong , Wan Xinhua , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2019

Multi-stimuli-responsive induced circular dichroism of polyoxometalates was realized in natural polysaccharide hydrogels. The extrinsic chiral factors rather than the intrinsic chirality of the polyoxometalates were dominant in κ-carrageenan hydrogel hybrids.
Direct growth of ZnO crystals on various Cu substrates by Cu-catalyzed chemical bath deposition
Authors: Shinagawa Tsutomu , Takahashi Hisaya , Izaki Masanobu
Published: March 2019

By the catalytic action of Cu on DMAB, ZnO crystals grow directly on various Cu substrates immersed in an aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate and dimethylamine borane at 80 °C under an ambient atmosphere.
Pathways of amyloid-beta absorption and aggregation in a membranous environment
Authors: Sahoo Abhilash , Xu Hongcheng , Matysiak Silvina
Published: March 2019

Aβ 16–22 aggregates conform into stable β-sheet rich aggregations in model POPS membranes compared to amorphous aggregations in POPC membranes.
Difference between approximate and rigorously measured transference numbers in fluorinated electrolytes
Authors: Shah Deep B. , Nguyen Hien Q. , Grundy Lorena S. , Olson Kevin R. , Mecham Sue J. , DeSimone Joseph M. , Balsara Nitash P.
Published: March 2019

Fluorinated electrolytes are highly non-ideal and Newman's concentrated solution theory must be used to fully characterize ion-transport.
On the method of precise abundance determination of isotopologues in a gas mixture
Authors: Ulenikov Oleg N. , Bekhtereva Elena S. , Gromova Olga V. , Belova Anastasia S. , Bauerecker Sigurd
Published: March 2019

A method is presented which allows one to derive partial pressures of isotopologue molecules in a gaseous mixture under the conditions of rapid isotope exchange.
CnTAB/polystyrene sulfonate mixtures at air–water interfaces: effects of alkyl chain length on surface activity and charging state
Authors: Schulze-Zachau Felix , Braunschweig Björn
Published: March 2019

The physical behavior of surfactant/polyelectrolyte mixtures in bulk and at interfaces is studied with respect to the surfactant chain length.
Dioxygen reacts with metal–carbon bonds in thorium dialkyls to produce bis(alkoxides)
Authors: Settineri Nicholas S. , Shiau Angela A. , Arnold John
Published: March 2019

Reaction of molecular O2 with thorium alkyl complexes supported by amidinates and guanidinates generates thorium alkoxides via O2 insertion into thorium-carbon bonds.
Role of His63 in HutZ fromVibrio choleraein the heme degradation reaction and heme binding
Authors: Uchida Takeshi , Dojun Nobuhiko , Sekine Yukari , Ishimori Koichiro
Published: March 2019

His63 of HutZ fromVibrio choleraedoes not contribute to regioselectivity of heme degradation but plays a key role in maintaining the orientation of subunits for HutZ to function in heme degradation.
Successive carbene insertion into 9-phenyl-9-borafluorene
Authors: Bartholome Tyler A. , Bluer Kristen R. , Martin Caleb D.
Published: March 2019

The reactions of 9-phenyl-9-borafluorene with trimethylsilyldiazomethane in a 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 stoichiometry furnished the corresponding BC5 and BC6 heterocycles via the formal insertion of one and two carbene units.
Influence of hydraulic regimes and Cl2/NH3-N mass ratios on the bacterial structure and composition in an experimental flow cell chloraminated drinking water system
Authors: Shi Yi , Babatunde Akintunde , Bockelmann-Evans Bettina , Webster Gordon
Published: March 2019

A novel microbial analysis regarding impacts of hydraulic regimes and Cl2/NH3-N mass ratios is provided for an experimental chloraminated DWDS experiencing nitrification.
High-rate stabilization of primary sludge in a single-chamber microbial hydrogen peroxide producing cell
Authors: Ki Dongwon , Kupferer Rick , Torres César I.
Published: March 2019

High-rate sludge stabilization of wastewater primary sludge was achieved in single-chamber microbial peroxide producing cells meeting the requirements of pathogen indicators and vector attraction reductions for class B biosolids.
A microfluidic approach for probing hydrodynamic effects in barite scale formation
Authors: Sosa Ricardo D. , Geng Xi , Reynolds Michael A. , Rimer Jeffrey D. , Conrad Jacinta C.
Published: March 2019

We present a microfluidics platform for characterizing the growth and dissolution of barite, a common component of mineral scale, in dynamic flow conditions.
Traction microscopy with integrated microfluidics: responses of the multi-cellular island to gradients of HGF
Authors: Jang Hwanseok , Kim Jongseong , Shin Jennifer H. , Fredberg Jeffrey J. , Park Chan Young , Park Yongdoo
Published: March 2019

Microfluidic system integrated with cell collectives and traction microscopy demonstrates that collective cell migration plays a central role in development, regeneration, and metastasis.
Invoking ultralong room temperature phosphorescence of purely organic compounds through H-aggregation engineering
Authors: Yuan Jie , Wang Shuang , Ji Yu , Chen Runfeng , Zhu Qi , Wang Yongrong , Zheng Chao , Tao Ye , Fan Quli , Huang Wei
Published: March 2019

Splitting energy (Δε)-controlled thermally activated reversed phase transformation from the low-lying dark state to the high-lying transition-allowed state of H-aggregation plays a key role in the organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence.
Suppressing defect states in CsPbBr3 perovskite via magnesium substitution for efficient all-inorganic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Huang Qi , Zou Yatao , Bourelle Sean A. , Zhai Tianshu , Wu Tian , Tan Yeshu , Li Yajuan , Li Junnan , Duhm Steffen , Song Tao , Wang Lu , Deschler Felix , Sun Baoquan
Published: March 2019

Non-radiative recombination in all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite films was dramatically reduced upon partial replacement of lead ions with magnesium, leading to efficient and stable perovskite light-emitting diodes.
Nonmetallic plasmon induced 500-fold enhancement in the upconversion emission of the UCNPs/WO3−x hybrid
Authors: Li Juan , Zhang Weina , Lu Changhai , Lou Zaizhu , Li Baojun
Published: March 2019

Nonmetallic plasmon induced 500-fold enhancement in the upconversion emission of the UCNPs/WO3−x hybrid.
A comparative study of CunX (X = Sc, Y; n = 1–10) clusters based on the structures, and electronic and aromatic properties
Authors: Li Cheng-Gang , Shen Zi-Gang , Zhang Jie , Gao Jin-Hai , Li Jing-Jie , Sun Tong , Zhang Ru-Jie , Ren Bao-Zeng , Hu Yan-Fei
Published: March 2019

The MO diagrams and orbital contributions of the HOMO and LUMO for the Cu7Sc and Cu7Y clusters.
Constructing a far-red to near-infrared fluorescent probe for highly specific detection of cysteine and its bioimaging applications in living cells and zebrafish
Authors: Zhang Shuping , Cai Fangyuan , Hou Bo , Chen Hua , Gao Cunji , Shen Xing-can , Liang Hong
Published: March 2019

A novel far-red to near-infrared fluorescent probe for highly specific detection of cysteine without interference.
Significant reduction in the optical band-gap and defect assisted magnetic response in Fe-doped anatase TiO2nanocrystals as dilute magnetic semiconductors
Authors: Akshay V. R. , Arun B. , Mandal Guruprasad , Chanda Anupama , Vasundhara M.
Published: March 2019

The nature of BMPs, whether overlapped or isolated, determines the magnetic behavior of Fe-doped TiO2.
Nitrogenous compounds produced by catalytic pyrolysis of cyanobacteria over metal loaded MCM-41 with vaporized methanol
Authors: Yang Hongmei , Gao Lijing , Bai Qianqian , Xu Siquan , Pan Donghui , Wu Yuanfeng , Xiao Guomin
Published: March 2019

The synergistic effect of methanol and an acidic catalyst promotes the production of nitriles and the enrichment of pentadecanenitrile.
A stable polypyridinopyridine–red phosphorus composite as a superior anode material for long-cycle lifetime lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Xibang , Qiu Jingyi , Wang Yimeng , Huang Furong , Peng Jing , Liu Yonggang , Li Jiuqiang , Zhai Maolin
Published: March 2019

A novel stable polypyridinopyridine–red phosphorus composite as a superior anode material for long-cycle lifetime lithium-ion batteries.
Ferroelectric enhanced Z-scheme P-doped g-C3N4/PANI/BaTiO3 ternary heterojunction with boosted visible-light photocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Li Qiannan , Xia Yuguo , Wei Kangliang , Ding Xiaotong , Dong Shun , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong
Published: March 2019

Surface polarization promotes the charge separation efficiency of PCN/PANI/BTO ternary heterojunction, resulting in an enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.
MIL-101-SO3H metal–organic framework as a Brønsted acid catalyst in Hantzsch reaction: an efficient and sustainable methodology for one-pot synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine
Authors: Devarajan Nainamalai , Suresh Palaniswamy
Published: March 2019

A straightforward and efficient methodology for the synthesis of the medicinally important 1,4-dihydropyridines has been demonstrated using MIL-101-SO3H metal–organic framework as a sustainable Brønsted acid catalyst.
Plasmon-assisted Förster resonance energy transfer at the single-molecule level in the moderate quenching regime
Authors: Bohlen J. , Cuartero-González Á. , Pibiri E. , Ruhlandt D. , Fernández-Domínguez A. I. , Tinnefeld P. , Acuna G. P.
Published: March 2019

A single molecule “acceptor bleaching” technique is employed to study the effect of gold nanoparticles on FRET using DNA origami templates.
Deformation induced new pathways in silicon
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Cui Junfeng , Chang Keke , Liu Dongdong , Chen Guoxin , Jiang Nan , Guo Dongming
Published: March 2019

A new transition from Si-I to Si-VI is inducedvia in situTEM nanoindentation, which has not been reported previously.
Simple physical preparation of single copper atoms on amorphous carbon via Coulomb explosion
Authors: Wang Kai , Wu Haizhen , Yuan Wenjuan , Xi Wei , Luo Jun
Published: March 2019

A simple and universal physical method for preparing high-density copper single atom catalysts on amorphous carbon by Coulomb explosion is exploited, to simplify the complicated operation flows of single atom catalysts and increase the loading of them.
A cascade oxidation/[4 + 1] annulation of sulfonium salts for synthesis of polyfunctional furans: DMSO as one carbon source
Authors: Shu Wen-Ming , Wang Shuai , Zhang Xun-Fang , He Jian-Xin , Wu An-Xin
Published: March 2019

A novel DMSO-involved cascade reaction of stabilized sulfonium salts has been established for direct construction of polyfunctional furans.
Cytochrome c–poly(acrylic acid) conjugates with improved peroxidase turnover number
Authors: Benson K. R. , Gorecki J. , Nikiforov A. , Tsui W. , Kasi R. M. , Kumar C. V.
Published: March 2019

Cytochrome c–poly(acrylic acid) conjugates with 34-fold enhanced peroxidase activity due to acidification of enzyme microenvironment and suppression of wasteful intermediates.
Two CuxIy-based copper–organic frameworks with multiple secondary building units (SBUs): structure, gas adsorption and impressive ability of I2 sorption and release
Authors: Jia Mingwei , Li Jiantang , Che Songtian , Kan Liang , Li Guanghua , Liu Yunling
Published: March 2019

Two CuxIy-based copper–organic frameworks with multiple SBUs have been successfully synthesized. Both the compounds exhibit high performance for I2 sorption and release.
Palladium-catalyzed dearomative arylphosphorylation of indoles
Authors: Weng Jian-Quan , Xing Ling-Ling , Hou Wen-Ren , Liang Ren-Xiao , Jia Yi-Xia
Published: March 2019

A palladium-catalyzed dearomative arylphosphorylation reaction of indoles involving C–C/C–P bond formation is developed.
Flash memory devices and bistable nonvolatile resistance switching properties based on PFO doping with ZnO
Authors: Huang Jiahe , Zhao Xiaofeng , Zhang Hongyan , Bai Ju , Wang Shuhong , Wang Cheng , Ma Dongge , Hou Yanjun
Published: March 2019

In this study, poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) (PFO) was synthesized through the Suzuki reaction, and it was characterized.