bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dural Ectasia of the Optic Nerve: A Rare Presentation in Neurofibromatosis Type I
Authors: Shaikh Minhaj , Khera Pushpinder , Yadav Taruna , Garg Pawan
Published: March 2019

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1) is a common neurocutaneous syndrome with a characteristic spectrum of pathologies affecting the optic pathway. Optic pathway glioma and optic nerve meningioma are two such common afflictions of the optic nerve in NF-1. Dural ectasia of the optic nerve also known as optic nerve meningocele is a rare manifestation of optic nerve involvement in NF-1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent modality to accurately identify, characterize, delineate, and differentiate dural ectasia of the optic nerve from the commoner lesions such as optic glioma and meningioma in NF-1. We describe a case of a young woman with NF and a large recurrent palpebral neurofibroma. MRI evaluation of the orbits revealed extensive ectasia of the dura lining the cerebrospinal fluid sheath around all the segments of the optic nerve and around the optic chiasm.
Oral Health Behavior and Treatment Needs among Drug Addicts and Controls in Amritsar District: A Case-controlled Study
Authors: Arora Preeti Chawla , Ragi Komal Gurpreet Singh , Arora Aman , Gupta Ambika
Published: March 2019

Background: Substance and drug abuse is associated with severe psychosocial problems, violence and health complications. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the oral hygiene status and sugar eating patterns among drug addicts with their age, gender and socio-economic status matched controls. Settings and Design: The present study comprised of two groups-Group A comprised of 100 drug addicts and Group B included 100 controls. The study sample were interviewed and subjected to a comprehensive intra-oral examination. Methods and Material: Standardized methods of evaluation were performed using mouth mirror, dental probe, explorer and WHO probe. Statistical Analysis: The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Chi Square test and student t-test. Results and Conclusions: CPITN index revealed bleeding in 56% addicts and calculus in 20% addicts. The mean DMFT of group A was 5.71 as compared to 2.45 in group B. The frequency of sugar consumption was found to be high in addicts as compared to the controls. Significant P values (< 0.001) of DMFT index, periodontal status and frequency of sugar consumption were obtained on statistical analysis. The caries status was found to be poor in addicts, but the periodontal treatment needs were similar for both group A and B. Oral health promotion should be undertaken in drug rehabilitation centers for overall success of withdrawl treatment.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Disconnection, Shunt Migration, and Silent Bowel Perforation in a 10-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Ghritlaharey Rajendra Kumar
Published: March 2019

A 10-year-old boy was admitted with chest wall infection around the implanted ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) catheter of 5 days. He had received a right-sided, medium pressure, whole-length VPS for hydrocephalus, following tubercular meningitis at the age of 3 years. Seven years, 9 months following VPS implantation, he was admitted with shunt tract infection at the chest area for 5 days. He had neither fever nor features of meningitis, raised intracranial pressure, or peritonitis. His clinical examination and radiological investigations revealed that the VPS catheter was disconnected at the cranial site, and it was migrated downward up to the upper chest. He was managed well with the removal of the entire VPS catheter. The removed peritoneal catheter along with the shunt chamber was loaded with fecal matter and was presumed that the peritoneal catheter was within the colon. His postoperative recovery was excellent. This is a rare case of VPS catheter disconnection, shunt migration, and silent bowel perforation by peritoneal catheter, and all the above-mentioned complications were detected in a child at the same time and were managed well with the removal of the entire VPS catheter.
Decompression Hemicraniectomy for Refractory Intracranial Hypertension in Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
Authors: Mullaguri Naresh , Battineni Anusha , George Pravin , Newey Christopher Ryan
Published: March 2019

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a disorder of dysregulation of cerebrovascular tone resulting in transient segmental vasoconstriction which resolves in 1–3 months. Cerebral edema is an underrecognized complication in RCVS. It is likely multifactorial. This edema can lead to intracranial hypertension that can be refractory to medical management. Limited evidence exists regarding surgical management of intracranial hypertension in RCVS. We present a 29-year-old Caucasian right-handed female patient with a medical history of migraine, polysubstance abuse presented to the emergency department (ED) daily for 3 days with the chief complaint of recurrent thunderclap headache. She declined neuroimaging and lumbar puncture. She was treated for migraine with abortive medications with no improvement. During the third ED visit, she became lethargic with right-sided homonymous hemianopia. Computerized tomography of the brain showed left parietal intracerebral hemorrhage with intraventricular extension, cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage, and diffuse cerebral edema. Digital subtraction angiography showed multifocal moderate-to-severe segmental vasoconstriction suggestive of vasculopathy. Oral verapamil was initiated. Continuous intracranial pressure monitoring showed uncontrolled intracranial hypertension, despite maximal medical management with hyperosmolar therapy, induced coma, and hypothermia. Decompressive hemicraniectomy with duraplasty was performed for refractory intracranial hypertension. We provisionally diagnosed her with RCVS. She was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation with residual right homonymous hemianopia. Transcranial Doppler study during follow-up showed improved mean flow velocities. She continued to have residual cognitive deficits with complete resolution of headache.
Isolated Lingual Dystonia as the Manifestation of Acute Extrapyramidal Syndrome Induced by Metoclopramide
Authors: Verma Rajesh , Shettigar Chetan
Published: March 2019

Oromandibular dystonia is characterized by persistent contractions and repetitive spasms of masticatory muscles surrounding the oral cavity and lingual muscles. The lingual dystonia is rare hyperkinetic movement disorder, often occurring secondary to drugs. The common drugs which can cause acute focal dystonia are neuroleptics, antiemetics, and antipsychotics. Isolated lingual dystonia is a rare form of disabling focal dystonias. We report a young female, who developed tongue dystonia in isolation and responding favorably to antihistaminics. The physicians are advised to make inquiry about administered drugs in isolated lingual dystonia.
Mindbomb Homolog-1 Index in the Prognosis of High-Grade Glioma and Its Clinicopathological Correlation
Authors: Krishnan Shyam Sundar , Muthiah Shanmugam , Rao Shilpa , Salem Suganthi Srinivasan , Madabhushi Vasudevan Chakravarthy , Mahadevan Anita
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Gliomas are the most common brain tumors in adults originating from the glial cells. Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant and frequent among all gliomas. In recent years, the antibody Mindbomb Homolog-1 (MIB-1) has evolved as a measure of the proliferative nature of the glial tumors. This study aims to investigate the MIB-1 index value as an independent prognostic factor in high-grade gliomas and its correlation with outcome and survival. Materials and Methods: Mean MIB-1 index was determined in 51 high-grade glioma tissue samples in formalin. Its correlation with outcome by assessing the clinicoradiological parameters and median survival of patients in months were assessed. Survival analysis was studied by using the Kaplan–Meier bivariate analysis and Cox proportional ratio. Results: Preoperative Karnofsky Performance Score, WHO-PS, Neurological Performance Scale, and Mini–Mental Status Examination (MMSE) were statistically significant with respect to outcome and survival, whereas tumor factors such as size and perilesional edema were not. In particular, midline-crossing tumors and deep-seated tumors were significantly associated with high MIB-1 index and by correlation with outcome. There were significantly higher number (P < 0.0001) of patients with Grade IV tumors, with an MIB-1 index value above an arbitrary cutoff of 10% compared to Grade III tumors. In addition, median survival period of patients with low MIB-1 index was longer irrespective of tumor grade. Conclusion: Significant correlation between high-grade glioma and MIB-1 index suggests MIB-1 index to be a good prognostic tool, with MIB-1 index and midline-crossing variables being independent prognostic parameters.
Об усредненных уравнениях фильтрации в двух областях с общей границей
Authors: Meirmanov Anvarbek Mukatovich , Galtsev Oleg Vladimirovich , Gritsenko Svetlana Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2019

Рассматривается начально-краевая задача, описывающая фильтрацию слабо вязкой жидкости в двух различных пористых средах с общей границей. Доказывается на микроскопическом уровне теорема существования и единственности обобщенного решения задачи о совместном движении двух несжимаемых упругих пористых (пороупругих) тел с различными постоянными Ламе, с различной микроструктурой и вязкой несжимаемой поровой жидкости. При различных предположениях на данные задачи выводятся усредненные модели фильтрации несжимаемой слабовязкой жидкости в двух различных пористых упругих или абсолютно твердых средах, имеющих общую границу.
Библиография: 21 наименование.
Исследование множеств вещественных решений нелинейных уравнений
Authors: Arutyunov Aram Vladimirovich
Published: March 2019

В работе исследована задача построения на множестве уровня гладкого отображения гладкой кривой, исходящей из анормальной точки. Найдены достаточные условия существования таких кривых. Получены оценки расстояния до множества уровня гладкого отображения в окрестности анормальной точки.
Библиография: 14 наименований.
Long-term trends of instability and associated parameters over the Indian region obtained using a radiosonde network
Authors: Chakraborty Rohit , Venkat Ratnam Madineni , Basha Shaik Ghouse
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Long-term trends
of the parameters related to convection
and instability obtained from 27 radiosonde stations across six subdivisions
over the Indian region during the period 1980–2016 are presented.  A total of
16 parcel and instability parameters along with moisture content, wind shear,
and thunderstorm and rainfall frequencies have been utilized for this
purpose. Robust fit regression analysis is employed on the regional average
time series to calculate the long-term trends on both a seasonal and a yearly
basis. The level of free convection (LFC) and the equilibrium level (EL) height
are found to ascend significantly in all Indian subdivisions. Consequently,
the coastal regions (particularly the western coast) experience increases
in severe thunderstorms (TSS) and severe rainfall (SRF) frequency in the
pre-monsoon period, while the inland regions (especially Central India) experience an
increase in ordinary thunderstorms (TSO) and weak rainfall (WRF) frequency during
the monsoon and post-monsoon periods.  The 16–20-year periodicity is found to
dominate the long-term trends significantly compared to other periodicities
and the increase in TSS, and convective available potential energy (CAPE) is
found to be more severe after the year 1999. The enhancement in moisture transport
and associated cooling at 100 hPa along with the dispersion of boundary layer
pollutants are found to be the main causes for the increase in CAPE, which leads
to more convective severity in the coastal regions. However, in inland
regions, moisture-laden winds are absent and the presence of strong capping
effect of pollutants on instability in the lower troposphere has resulted in
more convective inhibition energy (CINE). Hence, TSO and occurrences of WRF have increased particularly in these regions.
Improved FTIR retrieval strategy for HCFC-22 (CHClF2), comparisons with in situ and satellite datasets with the support of models, and determination of its long-term trend above Jungfraujoch
Authors: Prignon Maxime , Chabrillat Simon , Minganti Daniele , O'Doherty Simon , Servais Christian , Stiller Gabriele , Toon Geoffrey C. , Vollmer Martin K. , Mahieu Emmanuel
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) are the first but temporary substitution products to the strong ozone depleting chloroflurocarbons (CFC). HCFC consumption and production are currently regulated under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and their emissions have started to stabilize or even decrease. As HCFC-22 (CHClF2) is by far the most abundant HCFC in today's atmosphere, it is crucial to continue to monitor the evolution of its atmospheric concentration. In this study, we describe an improved HCFC-22 retrieval strategy from ground-based high-resolution Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) solar spectra recorded at the high altitude scientific station of Jungfraujoch (Swiss Alps, 3580 m above mean sea level). This new strategy distinguishes tropospheric and lower stratospheric partial columns. Comparisons with independent datasets (AGAGE and MIPAS) supported by models (BASCOE CTM and WACCM) demonstrate the validity of our tropospheric and lower stratospheric long-term time series. A trend analysis on the miscellaneous datasets used here, now spanning thirty years, confirms the last decade's slowing down of the HCFC-22 growth rate. This updated retrieval strategy can be adapted for other ozone depleting substances (ODS) as CFC-12, for example. Measuring or retrieving ODS atmospheric concentrations is essential to scrutinise the fulfilment of the globally ratified Montreal Protocol.
Multi-source data integration for soil mapping using deep learning
Authors: Wadoux Alexandre M. J.-C. , Padarian José , Minasny Budiman
Published: March 2019

Abstract. With the advances of new proximal soil sensing technologies, soil properties can be inferred by a variety of sensors, each having its distinct level of accuracy. This measurement error affects subsequent modelling and therefore must be integrated when calibrating a spatial prediction model. This paper introduces a deep learning model for contextual digital soil mapping (DSM) using uncertain measurements of the soil property. The deep learning model, called the convolutional neural network (CNN), has the advantage that it uses as input a local representation of environmental covariates to leverage the spatial information contained in the vicinity of a location. Spatial non-linear relationships between measured soil properties and neighbouring covariate pixel values are found by optimizing an objective function, which can be weighted with respect to a measurement error of soil observations. In addition, a single model can be trained to predict a soil property at different soil depths. This method is tested in mapping top- and subsoil organic carbon using laboratory-analysed and spectroscopically inferred measurements. Results show that the CNN significantly increased prediction accuracy as indicated by the coefficient of determination and concordance correlation coefficient, when compared to a conventional DSM technique. Deeper soil layer prediction error decreased, while preserving the interrelation between soil property and depths. The tests conducted suggest that the CNN benefits from using local contextual information up to 260 to 360 m. We conclude that the CNN is a flexible, effective and promising model to predict soil properties at multiple depths while accounting for contextual covariate information and measurement error.
Adam Smith y la Belleza de la Ciencia
Authors: López Lloret Jorge
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo analiza la concepción de la metodología científica expresada porAdam Smith en su historia de la astronomía, algo importante para comprender el resto de su obra. Losestudiosos de este tema se han centrado en su mayor parte en la influencia de Newton y Hume sobreSmith, surgiendo una concepción en la que la dimensión epistemológica y la estética se relacionande una manera tensa. El autor identifica nuevas fuentes, de naturaleza estética, que se integran eneste debate y ayudan a aclararlo: Addison, Crousaz, Hutcheson, Berkeley y Diderot, cuya obra Smithconoció y apreció. A partir de ahí llega a la conclusión de que Smith puso en práctica una metodologíarica y compleja en la que los elementos epistemológicos y culturales se relacionaron de una manera notensa ni excluyente, sino armónica e incluyente.
El problema de la justificación del conocimiento básico
Authors: García Arnaldos María Dolores
Published: March 2019

El objeto de este artículo es analizar el problema de la justificación del conocimiento básico y ofrecer una solución basada en un tipo de justificación deflacionaria no-evidencialista a partir de la noción de habilitación (entitlement) de T. Burge y la de garantía racional de C. Wright. El problema, en el caso del conocimiento básico lógico, es que justificar las reglas lógicas inferencialmente supone utilizar principios lógicos, con lo cual se genera un círculo vicioso. Examinamos la viabilidad del enfoque no-inferencialista de Wright y sostendremos que una garantía racional es una respuesta viable para el problema de la justificación del conocimiento lógico básico.
ENHANCING THE REVERSION RESISTANCE, CROSSLINKING DENSITY AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ACCELERATED SULFUR CURED CHLOROBUTYL RUBBER USING 4,4′-BIS (MALEIMIDO) DIPHENYL METHANE
Authors: Gopisathi Shibulal , Park Changsin , Huh Yang Il , Jeon Jinseok , Yun Chang Hyun , Won Joohye , Jeong Kwang-Un , Nah Changwoon
Published: March 2019

Vulcanizates of chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR) with the accelerated sulfur generally exhibit poor crosslinking density owing to the low level of unsaturation in the backbone of CIIR. Therefore, the sulfur cured CIIR shows inferior thermo-mechanical properties at elevated temperature. In addition to this, the vulcanization of CIIR with accelerated sulfur is limited at higher temperature due to reversion. To solve these problems, 4,4′-bis (maleimido) diphenyl methane (BMDM) was applied as a crosslinking additive along with the accelerated sulfur. The detailed curing studies have proved that the presence of BMDM greatly enhanced the rheometric torque and the reversion resistance while curing CIIR with accelerated sulfur even at higher vulcanization temperature. Moreover, the crosslinking densities of the sulfur cured CIIR have increased by 109% with the use of 1 phr BMDM and further rose to 380% with 5 phr BMDM. The improved crosslink density could enable reduction of the compression set of the sulfur cured CIIR to around 40% at 100 °C when it was vulcanized in the presence of 5 phr BMDM. The kinetic studies revealed that incorporation of this additive does not adversely affect the original vulcanization behavior of CIIR with accelerated sulfur, instead it marginally improved the speed of the vulcanization.
Dynamics of Change in Flint Sickles of the Age of Metals: New Insights from a Technological Approach
Authors: Manclossi Francesca , Rosen Steven A
Published: March 2019

Flint sickle blades are traditionally considered significant hallmarks of the late prehistoric and early historic periods. Their morpho-typological transformations over time have been differently interpreted, but the idea that each sickle type would have been substituted by the following because of more effectiveness, permitting development and intensification of agricultural practices, is still dominant. Without denying the importance of these functional considerations, another perspective for understanding technological change is to consider the entire process of sickle manufacture, the spatial and temporal organization of technical activities, methods and techniques implied in the manufacturing processes, and knowledge and skill required for production. Using all these parameters, changes in the production of sickles in the age of metals, from the Chalcolithic to the Iron Age, can be perceived not simply as reflection of technological progress but rather as the result of complex historical phenomena involving the social, economic, and cultural structures of ancient societies.
Technological Observations on Two-Part Stone Jewelry-Casting Molds of the Late Bronze Age in the Near East
Authors: Golani Amir
Published: March 2019

Two-part stone jewelry molds were intended for casting of small and delicate precious metal jewelry and were common primarily during the Late Bronze Age in the ancient Near East. Published examples bear witness to the technological sophistication of the ancient craftsmen who used them as versatile tools for casting of a variety of solid rings, bezels, earrings, pendants, diadems, beads, pins, figurines, and amulets. As most stones crack when exposed to the extreme heat of molten metal, solid casting using stone molds may actually have been intended for fabrication of wax models using the “lost wax” technique, which allows for their repeated use for production of wax anti-types. The largest number of these molds originates from coastal sites of the northern Levant, drawing attention to this region as a nexus of specialized metalworking during this period and probably also for the spread of this technology in the eastern Mediterranean.
Weaving in Iron Age Tel Reḥov and the Jordan Valley
Authors: Mazar Amihai
Published: March 2019

This article examines the development and spatial distribution of loom weights in Tel Reḥov and its vicinity during the twelfth through eighth centuries BCE. Non-perforated cylindrical weights (“spools”), dated to the early twelfth century BCE, are discussed in relation to their appearance in the Mediterranean world. Clay weights of the eleventh and tenth centuries were replaced during the tenth and mainly the ninth century BCE by specialized production of gypsum weights, only to be replaced again by clay weights in the eighth century BCE. The ninth-century textile industry (mainly of linen) at Tel Reḥov exceeds household needs and probably reflects commercial activity within the Northern Kingdom of Israel and perhaps beyond, towards the Phoenician coast and Cyprus. A relationship between weaving and ritual activities is suggested.
The Role of Light and Vision in Two Victorian Ghost Stories
Authors: Bambušková Tereza
Published: March 2019

This article demonstrates how two selected Victorian ghost stories address the problem of the unreliability and subjectivity of perception through the characters' experiences with the supernatural or the inexplicable. I focus on how Victorian ghost stories—particularly Margaret Oliphant's “The Open Door” and Sheridan Le Fanu's “The Account of Some Disturbances in Aungier Street”—induce hesitation both in characters and in the reader. This “moment of hesitation” is not only central to Todorov's definition of the fantastic but also highly relevant to the anxieties about vision and knowledge that existed in Victorian society. I argue that the stories use the theories and assumptions about vision that were current in the Victorian age to subvert the idea that sight is an objective conduit to the truth, and thus the stories both utilize a source of fear that was already present in Victorian society and offer a relevant social commentary.
Epidemiology and Perioperative Complications in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease After Orthopaedic Surgery: 26 Years' Experience at a Major Academic Center
Authors: Cusano Joseph , Curry Emily J. , Kingston Kiera A. , Klings Elizabeth , Li Xinning
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

Surgical management of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) poses a unique challenge to orthopaedic surgeons due to increased operative and perioperative risk. Studies evaluating perioperative complications among patients with SCD undergoing orthopaedic surgery have been limited. We sought to review the clinical characteristics and perioperative complications in our patients with SCD who required orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:

Our institution has one of the largest sickle cell centers in the Northeastern United States. We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients referred to the Orthopaedic Surgery Department between 1990 and 2016 and analyzed the demographics, comorbidities, surgical intervention, and perioperative complications.

Results:

In total, 96 orthopaedic surgeries were surveyed across 26 years performed at our institution. The majority of the patients with SCD were African American (90.3%) and women (60.4%). The most common surgical intervention was for hip osteonecrosis. Only 11.5% of the patients (11 of 96) experienced a perioperative complication, with the vasoocclusive event being the most common (7 patients; 64%).

Discussion:

These data suggest that orthopaedic surgery for a patient with SCD is safe but does require careful multidisciplinary consultation including hematology and anesthesia to medically optimize the patient before surgical intervention.
Family changes and women’s rights in Europe. Towards gender equality?
Authors: Pfefferkorn Roland
Published: March 2019

In this article I will try to articulate that gender equality means also changing the patriarchal system. In my opinion, family changes in the last decades contributed to defense and development of women’s rights. Family changes and family varies from one society to the other. Anywhere and at any time in the history of human societies, kinship systems and family systems have evolved and continue to do so. But European societies today are torn between two contradictory trends, on the one hand we can observe the extension of social relationship in the case of blended families, and on the other hand the continuing reference to a genealogical, therefore biological relationship, because adoption in Europe and the United States still refers to the model of a fictitious family lineage. It displaces real family lineage of birth parents which legally disappear.
On Rebel Women Writers of the Second Polish Republic About feminine emancipation after the First World War
Authors: Duniec Krystyna
Published: March 2019

A fight for one's subjectivity, equality of civil rights, democracy of manners, empathy and own existential and social choices of women in the interwar period. Polish female playwrights as social and political activists in the defense of their own body and sexuality in the masculine, patriarchal-clerical order of social life.
The Whisperer Witch, or the Beauty Myth in the World of Politics
Authors: Kaufmann Ewelina
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of a research project on the perception of women in politics and the role of beauty as a factor determining how female politicians are evaluated. It was inspired by Naomi Wolf’s The Beauty Myth. The object of analysis were Internet comments written in response to articles describing the activities of selected women. Almost thirty years after the publication of the above-mentioned book, it appears that women are still being judged on the basis of their appearance and not their competence.
Aliquid altius ente
Authors: Farrant Timothy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2019

Interrogating the themes of non-existence and detachment, this article demonstrates a theological consistency underlying the composition of selected logical and mystical writings of Meister Eckhart. This is performed through a thorough consideration of Eckhart’s logical position on understanding and existence in relation to the existence (or non-existence) of God; and the implications of retracing this position in his earlier sermons which evoke the necessity of detachment. In this, it is argued that Eckhart (largely influenced by Augustine’s hierarchy of visual experience) placed logic within a broader programme of Beguine theology, in which logic exposes its own limitations, and detachment from corporeality enables a turning toward Divine incorporeality.
Effect of Dentin Desensitizers and Nd:YAG Laser Pre-Treatment on Microshear Bond Strength of Adhesive Resin Cement to Dentin
Authors: SARI Fatih , ŞAHİN Onur , ÖZDEMİR Ali Kemal
Published: March 2019

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to evaluate how microshear bond strength of different
adhesive resin cements are affected by dentin desensitizers application and
preparation depth.  Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-four maxillary incisors were randomly divided into
two groups according to dentin preparation depth (0.8 and 1 mm) and each group subdivided
into four dentin desensitizers, Nd:YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium aluminum Garnet)
laser and control groups. The dentin desensitizers used were Gluma [Glutaraldehyde/
Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)], BisBlock (Oxalate) Vivasens-Potassium
Fluoride (KF) and Admira Protect (Ormocer/HEMA), respectively.  Three dual cure resin based luting cement
(RelyX ARC; Variolink II and Maxcem Elite) were used to create a 0,7 mm
diameter and 1 mm height cylindirical shape  buid-up in tygon tubes (n=10). Micro-shear
bond strength (µSBS) test was performed at a crosshead of speed of 0.5 mm/min
using a Universal testing device. Then tooth surface was investigated by
steromicroscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed using
Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square (X2) tests. (p = 0.05)Results: There
was no statistically difference between the groups at 0.8 mm preparation depth.
At 1 mm preparation dept RelyX ARC + Gluma groups’ mean bond strength value (23.96
± 6.66 MPa) was found statistically lower according to the other groups (p<0.05). RelyX ARC + Laser groups’
mean bond strength value (37.33 ± 7.39 MPa) was found statistically higher
according to the other groups (p<0.05).

Conclusions:
The use of desensitizing agents affected the bond strength of the resin cements
to superficial dentin. Gluma desensitizer affected negatively µSBS of RelyX ARC
resin cement at 1 mm depth. Application of Nd:YAG laser to superficial dentin
showed positive effects to the dentin surface and bond strength. Other
desensitizing agents showed no significant effects on the resin bond strength (p>0.05).
Développement d’un modèle de notation de crédit économétrique général pour des financements de projet
Authors: Rhainds Simon
Published: March 2019

Dans cet article, nous décrivons le processus de développement d’un modèle de notation de crédit de financement de projet. Tout d’abord, nous présentons chacune des étapes du développement du modèle menant à la sélection des facteurs quantitatifs et macroéconomiques pertinents dans l’établissement des cotes de crédit des financements de projet. Ensuite, des facteurs qualitatifs, dont les poids sont déterminés par jugement d’expert, sont ajoutés au modèle quantitatif afin d’obtenir le modèle final. Plusieurs tests de performance sont effectués sur ce modèle afin de valider le choix des facteurs et le poids de chacun d’eux dans le modèle. L’un de ces tests consiste à comparer la performance du modèle final à celle de plusieurs modèles alternatifs dont les poids des facteurs qualitatifs sont déterminés aléatoirement. Nous constatons que le modèle final surpasse la majorité des modèles alternatifs et surpasse grandement le modèle contenant seulement les facteurs quantitatifs et macroéconomiques.
L’économie de partage (ou de l’utilisation partagée) et l’aggravation du risque en assurance
Authors: Byron Augusta
Published: March 2019

La forte croissance des transactions dites de partage ces dernières années laisse croire à un bouleversement de notre façon de consommer. Les plateformes en ligne facilitant le partage, le prêt ou le louage entre individus incite à prendre (ou reprendre) conscience qu’il n’est pas nécessaire de posséder un bien pour profiter de son utilité. Quant aux biens que l’on possède déjà, les plateformes d’économie collaborative permettent d’en tirer un revenu supplémentaire avec peu d’effort et à l’intérieur de structures qui font oublier les risques encourus. Du point de vue d’un assureur, ces changements ont un impact non négligeable sur le risque des biens et des individus assurés. Dans cet article, nous offrons un bref survol de la littérature sur le sujet et présentons quelques conclusions quant à l’aggravation du risque en lien avec les plateformes telles Uber et Airbnb.
Expérimentation autour des réfections de rues à Québec : implications citoyennes et nouvelles collaborations municipales
Authors: Bizier Christian , Cloutier Geneviève
Published: March 2019

À Québec, des comités citoyens réagissent dès la fin des années 1960 aux opérations de rénovation urbaine qui transforment les quartiers populaires de la Basse-Ville. Ces comités s’opposent d’abord aux grands projets d’autoroutes urbaines qui menacent l’accessibilité au logement, et ils visent à protéger l’identité populaire des quartiers. Avec le temps, leurs revendications s’étendent à la réfection des rues et à l’aménagement urbain en général. À partir de 2014, avec un projet pilote, la Ville de Québec expérimente de nouvelles façons d’aborder les réfections de rues, avec l’objectif d’évaluer la pertinence d’une démarche participative et intégrée. Dans cet article, nous défendons l’hypothèse qu’une série de revendications citoyennes, formulées de manière de plus en plus « experte », a pu favoriser l’émergence de cette pratique d’expérimentation municipale.
Patrimoine et participation citoyenne : une relation complexe à revisiter. Le cas du Vieux-Québec
Authors: Berthold Étienne
Published: March 2019

Jusqu’à présent, les chercheurs se sont peu intéressés aux rapports qui unissent les processus de conservation et de mise en valeur du patrimoine (processus dits de patrimonialisation) et la participation citoyenne. Lorsqu’ils s’y sont intéressés, ils les ont surtout abordés dans la perspective des conflits qui sont susceptibles d’opposer les groupes de pression et les autorités politiques. Sur la base d’une approche qui prend appui sur l’analyse de discours, nous proposons, dans cet article, qu’en matière de patrimonialisation, la participation citoyenne s’inscrit plutôt dans une série de rapports complexes avec l’action publique, marqués tout autant par des partages que par des négociations et des tensions. Pour ce faire, nous prenons appui sur le cas du Vieux-Québec, quartier historique d’une superficie de 1,5 km2qu’un important processus de patrimonialisation déployé à compter de l’après-guerre a érigé en « berceau de l’Amérique française ».
Évolution et défis actuels de la participation publique en aménagement du territoire : l’expérience de l’Office de consultation publique de Montréal (OCPM)
Authors: Ollivier Dominique , Naud Élise , Grenier Guy
Published: March 2019

Au cours des 15 dernières années, l’Office de consultation publique de Montréal (OCPM) a organisé une vingtaine d’exercices d’amont ou d’aval sur des projets de planification détaillée, notamment des programmes particuliers d’urbanisme (PPU) ou des plans de développement urbain, économique, et social (PDUES). Ce type de consultation a donné lieu à de nombreuses initiatives innovantes visant à mobiliser le public et l’inciter à participer au débat. Cet article fait le point sur les pratiques de l’OCPM en ce qui a trait à l’engagement citoyen dans la planification du territoire et présente les leçons tirées du passé tant en ce qui concerne l’évolution des méthodes de participation citoyenne que les effets de cette participation sur les projets. En cette période d’explosion des méthodes d’engagement numérique, les auteurs désirent aussi faire ressortir des expérimentations, mises de l’avant à l’Office, jugées porteuses pour la participation et évaluer l’évolution de la participation depuis l’avènement de ces méthodes.
Actions et omissions, effets voulus et effets latéraux : le conséquentialisme contre la morale intuitive
Authors: Baertschi Bernard
Published: March 2019

Intuitivement, nous jugeons que notre responsabilité concerne davantage ce que nous faisons que ce que nous omettons de faire, et qu’elle s’étend plus aux effets voulus qu’aux effets simplement prévus de nos actes. Ces intuitions ont été thématisées dans notre tradition par deux principes, celui de la distinction de l’action et de l’omission (PDAO) et celui des actions à double effet (PADE). Jonathan Glover reconnaît l’importance de ces principes, mais considère que, en définitive, il n’est pas judicieux de les conserver et qu’il vaut mieux s’en tenir à la doctrine conséquentialiste que notre responsabilité s’étend également à toutes les conséquences de nos actes et de nos omissions. Après avoir examiné les objections de Glover contre ces deux principes, je présente les recherches de Joshua Greene sur la neuropsychologie du jugement moral. Elles s’appuient sur nos réactions à certains dilemmes moraux, particulièrement à celui du wagon fou (trolley problem) et recourent à l’imagerie cérébrale. Ses conclusions vont dans le même sens que les arguments plus conceptuels de Glover. Toutefois, ces deux auteurs partagent une conception philosophique commune, le conséquentialisme. C’est pourquoi j’examine dans une dernière partie certaines objections que rencontre cette conception morale, ce qui m’amène, avec l’aide d’autres études de neuropsychologie, à conclure qu’il est peu judicieux de mettre de côté les intentions de l’agent.
Jonathan Glover : pour une reformulation du principe de la sacralité de la vie
Authors: Maglio Milena
Published: March 2019

Le troisième chapitre de Questions de vie ou de mort de Jonathan Glover est consacré à la doctrine du caractère sacré de la vie. Dans cette contribution, je propose d’analyser la critique gloverienne de la sacralité de la vie dans son contexte d’apparition. Lorsque Glover écrit ces pages, en 1977, l’affirmation du caractère sacré de la vie est récurrente dans les débats, publics et scientifiques, en Angleterre comme aux États-Unis. Si un certain consensus semble exister à son propos, notons cependant que l’expression « sacralité de la vie » est très rarement examinée. Jonathan Glover est l’un des premiers philosophes à s’engager dans une telle enquête et à montrer les limites de l’affirmation du caractère sacré de la vie. Dans son analyse, il se propose de remplacer les parties défectueuses de la doctrine, c’est-à-dire celles qui ne résistent pas à l’analyse rationnelle. Sa contribution se révèle de première importance non seulement pour la critique de la doctrine de la sacralité de la vie, mais encore pour le développement de la bioéthique et de ses arguments théoriques.
Entretien avec Jonathan Glover : retour sur Questions de vie ou de mort
Authors: Basse Benoît
Published: March 2019

Quelques mois après la publication de la traduction française de son livre Causing Death and Saving Lives (en français Questions de vie ou de mort, Labor et fides, 2017), Jonathan Glover a bien voulu revenir avec nous sur quelques-unes des thèses soutenues dans cet ouvrage. Depuis quarante ans, cette œuvre est devenue un classique de l'éthique appliquée dans le monde anglophone. Glover y abordait une série de questions mettant en jeu la vie des hommes et des femmes, notamment l'avortement, l'infanticide, le suicide, l'euthanasie, la peine de mort et la guerre. Nous l'interrogeons ici sur la méthode qu'il juge la meilleure en philosophie morale, nous revenons sur sa critique de certaines idées dominantes à l'époque (doctrine de la vie sacrée, la distinction entre actes et omissions, le principe du double effet...). Jonathan Glover évoque également certaines positions de ses anciens étudiants Peter Singer et Jeff McMahan.
El ejercicio de la rendición de cuentas mediante portales de datos abiertos en las comunidades autónomas españolas
Authors: García-García Jesús , Curto-Rodríguez Ricardo
Published: March 2019

Este artículo estudia el modelo de comunicación para la rendición de cuentas basado en portales de datos abiertos en los gobiernos regionales españoles. Con base en las teorías de la agencia, neoinstitucional y legitimidad proponemos dos patrones de comportamiento, a los que denominamos «transparencia sincera» y «transparencia aparente». Aunque los conjuntos de datos disponibles aumentan significativamente en el período en estudio, los resultados relativos a transparencia y rendición de cuentas son pobres. Conforme al análisis de comportamiento, cuatro comunidades desarrollarían claramente políticas de transparencia sincera, mientras que otras siete tendrían un comportamiento manifiesto de transparencia aparente con sus portales de datos abiertos.
Determination of Major Problems of Raw Hide and Soaking Process in Leather Industry
Authors: BERBER Didem , BİRBİR Meral
Published: March 2019

Hide quality is adversely affected during salt-curing and soaking processes especially due to bacterial activities of microorganisms. These organisms may cause irreversible grain damage, pinpricks, disruption of collagen fibers, uneven dyeing that cannot be recovered by leather production process. To determine major problems on salted and soaked skins/hides, a questionnaire study was applied to leather technicians in Istanbul Organized Leather Industrial Zone, Turkey in both 2009 and 2018. While most tanneries were processing hides/skins imported from foreign countries in 2009, local cattle hides are processed in 2018. Conventional salt curing method has been applied in warehouses. The most striking point is that the salt was applied randomly during preservation. Although tanneries do not store rawhide more than one month, there is no information about how long they store in warehouses. The tanneries reported red spots, unpleasant odor, hair slip, loss of elasticity, holes in grain surface, bacterial and fungal growth on skin/hides. Leather-making processes are performed at ambient temperature of tanneries. No difference was observed in application of soaking process in both 2009 and 2018 surveys. This questionnaire study showed that most of problems were related with microbial damage and bloodstain, burns due to manure and flaying mistakes at slaughterhouses
A contrast of meta and metafor packages for meta-analyses in R
Authors: Lortie Christopher J
Published: March 2019

There is extensive support and choice in R to support meta-analyses. Two common packages in the natural sciences include meta and metafor. Here, a brief contrast of the strengths of each is described for the synthesis scientist. Meta is a direct, intuitive choice for rapid implementation of general meta-analytical statistics. Metafor is a comprehensive package for analyses if the fit models are more complex. Both packages provide estimates of heterogeneity, excellent visualization tools, and functions to explore publication bias. Preference and critical outcomes can facilitate choice between these two specific options. Nonetheless, metafor has a steeper learning curve but greater rewards.
Arabidopsis PEN2, a promising gene in upraising penetration resistance against rice necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Parween Daraksha , Sultan Eram , Dalei Kalpana , Sahu Binod Bihari
Published: March 2019

Rhizoctonia solani, a soilborne necrotroph, causes sheath blight in rice which poses a major threat to global rice production. Besides rice sheath blight, it has a wide host range of other economically important crops like soybean, sugarcane, maize etc. Despite being the most hostile fungus, the mechanism involved in the R. solani pathobiology is poorly understood. Non-host resistance (NHR) is an emerging concept that allows breeders to transfer traits to food crops that would impart a broad-spectrum disease resistance. Several NHR genes are known to function against different pathogens of which Arabidopsis PEN1, PEN2 and PEN3 have been reported to limit the entry of non-adapted powdery mildews and provide cell wall based defenses against different fungi. Till now, there has been no study regarding the involvement of these PEN genes against R. solani. In this study, we have screened pen1, pen2-3 and pen3-1 against R. solani to explore their contribution in penetration resistance. Among the three pen mutants studied, pen2-3 allowed maximum penetration during the early hours of infection. R. solani colonization was also observed in pen1 and pen3-1 but the effect was less drastic than pen2-3, suggesting the involvement of PEN2 in pre-invasive defense. To validate our hypothesis, we screened a complemented pen2 accession, PEN2-GFP, which showed restored penetration resistance comparable to Col-0. Altogether, our results demonstrate that PEN2 is involved in pre-penetration resistance, and contributes to NHR by enhanced disease resistance to R. solani.
Alterations in Center of Pressure During Single-Limb Loading in Individuals with Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Gwynne Craig R.
Published: March 2019

Background

Altered foot loading during weightbearing is suggested to play a role in the development of patellofemoral pain (PFP). This study aimed to determine foot-loading characteristics associated with PFP by assessing center of pressure (COP) during single-limb loading in individuals with PFP compared with noninjured controls.

Methods

Thirty recreationally active patients with PFP and 30 noninjured control participants had barefoot plantar pressure assessed during single-limb squats (SLSs) from which COP parameters (COP velocity and COP index) were obtained. Groups were compared using independent t tests.

Results

Individuals with PFP demonstrated a greater COP index (P = .042), indicating a more lateral foot-loading pattern, and exhibited increased overall COP velocity (P = .013) and anteroposterior COP velocity during SLSs compared with control participants (P = .033).

Conclusions

Greater lateral foot loading and increased COP velocity during SLSs demonstrated by individuals with PFP may indicate reduced dynamic balance in this patient group, which may be implicated in the development of PFP.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN IN HIGH-RISK INDUSTRIES
Authors: Misic Nikola
Published: March 2019

In order to eliminate, control and minimize causes of risk and potential effects of risk events, it is necessary to establish a management system whose goal is the planning, control and reduction of accidents. Planning is an essential aspect of disaster management, which prevents the spread of accidents and minimize its impact. The use of interactive planning in emergency situations, allowing fast, efficient, effective and reliable data exchange. In this way, better coordination and communication is achieved among teams composed to respond emergency situations. In this paper we propose a structure plan for reactions in emergency situations. The problems and failures that organizers might be confronted with are also analyzed.
Key words:planning, emergency, risk.
RESEARCH OF CONTROLLING IN THE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: ŽIVKOVIĆ SNEŽANA , PALAČIĆ DARKO
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the comparative analysis of research viewpoints of controlling in the safety management system, which was conducted in Serbia and Croatia. The research was conducted by survey using a written questionnaire containing 9 basic groups of questions. The objective of the analysis and comparison of research results is to determine similarities and differences in controlling in safety management system in these countries. Conclusions are derived on the basis of a comparison of views on stages of control, level control applied, applied techniques of control, application control efficiency requirements, customer control in a particular area of safety management systems, the effect of controlling on implementation of safety and responsible persons for controlling the safety management system.
Key words:controlling, management, safety, system.