bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disturbance-Estimated Adaptive Backstepping Sliding Mode Control of a Pneumatic Muscles-Driven Ankle Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Ai Qingsong , Zhu Chengxiang , Zuo Jie , Meng Wei , Liu Quan , Xie Sheng , Yang Ming
Published: December 2017

A rehabilitation robot plays an important role in relieving the therapists’ burden and helping patients with ankle injuries to perform more accurate and effective rehabilitation training. However, a majority of current ankle rehabilitation robots are rigid and have drawbacks in terms of complex structure, poor flexibility and lack of safety. Taking advantages of pneumatic muscles’ good flexibility and light weight, we developed a novel two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) parallel compliant ankle rehabilitation robot actuated by pneumatic muscles (PMs). To solve the PM’s nonlinear characteristics during operation and to tackle the human-robot uncertainties in rehabilitation, an adaptive backstepping sliding mode control (ABS-SMC) method is proposed in this paper. The human-robot external disturbance can be estimated by an observer, who is then used to adjust the robot output to accommodate external changes. The system stability is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theorem. Experimental results on the compliant ankle rehabilitation robot show that the proposed ABS-SMC is able to estimate the external disturbance online and adjust the control output in real time during operation, resulting in a higher trajectory tracking accuracy and better response performance especially in dynamic conditions.
A Distributed Wireless Camera System for the Management of Parking Spaces
Authors: Vítek Stanislav , Melničuk Petr
Published: December 2017

The importance of detection of parking space availability is still growing, particularly in major cities. This paper deals with the design of a distributed wireless camera system for the management of parking spaces, which can determine occupancy of the parking space based on the information from multiple cameras. The proposed system uses small camera modules based on Raspberry Pi Zero and computationally efficient algorithm for the occupancy detection based on the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) feature descriptor and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. We have included information about the orientation of the vehicle as a supporting feature, which has enabled us to achieve better accuracy. The described solution can deliver occupancy information at the rate of 10 parking spaces per second with more than 90% accuracy in a wide range of conditions. Reliability of the implemented algorithm is evaluated with three different test sets which altogether contain over 700,000 samples of parking spaces.
Automatic Classification of Sub-Techniques in Classical Cross-Country Skiing Using a Machine Learning Algorithm on Micro-Sensor Data
Authors: Rindal Ole , Seeberg Trine , Tjønnås Johannes , Haugnes Pål , Sandbakk Øyvind
Published: December 2017

The automatic classification of sub-techniques in classical cross-country skiing provides unique possibilities for analyzing the biomechanical aspects of outdoor skiing. This is currently possible due to the miniaturization and flexibility of wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) that allow researchers to bring the laboratory to the field. In this study, we aimed to optimize the accuracy of the automatic classification of classical cross-country skiing sub-techniques by using two IMUs attached to the skier’s arm and chest together with a machine learning algorithm. The novelty of our approach is the reliable detection of individual cycles using a gyroscope on the skier’s arm, while a neural network machine learning algorithm robustly classifies each cycle to a sub-technique using sensor data from an accelerometer on the chest. In this study, 24 datasets from 10 different participants were separated into the categories training-, validation- and test-data. Overall, we achieved a classification accuracy of 93.9% on the test-data. Furthermore, we illustrate how an accurate classification of sub-techniques can be combined with data from standard sports equipment including position, altitude, speed and heart rate measuring systems. Combining this information has the potential to provide novel insight into physiological and biomechanical aspects valuable to coaches, athletes and researchers.
How Magnetic Disturbance Influences the Attitude and Heading in Magnetic and Inertial Sensor-Based Orientation Estimation
Authors: Fan Bingfei , Li Qingguo , Liu Tao
Published: December 2017

With the advancements in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies, magnetic and inertial sensors are becoming more and more accurate, lightweight, smaller in size as well as low-cost, which in turn boosts their applications in human movement analysis. However, challenges still exist in the field of sensor orientation estimation, where magnetic disturbance represents one of the obstacles limiting their practical application. The objective of this paper is to systematically analyze exactly how magnetic disturbances affects the attitude and heading estimation for a magnetic and inertial sensor. First, we reviewed four major components dealing with magnetic disturbance, namely decoupling attitude estimation from magnetic reading, gyro bias estimation, adaptive strategies of compensating magnetic disturbance and sensor fusion algorithms. We review and analyze the features of existing methods of each component. Second, to understand each component in magnetic disturbance rejection, four representative sensor fusion methods were implemented, including gradient descent algorithms, improved explicit complementary filter, dual-linear Kalman filter and extended Kalman filter. Finally, a new standardized testing procedure has been developed to objectively assess the performance of each method against magnetic disturbance. Based upon the testing results, the strength and weakness of the existing sensor fusion methods were easily examined, and suggestions were presented for selecting a proper sensor fusion algorithm or developing new sensor fusion method.
SPP Toolbox: Supporting Sustainable Public Procurement in the Context of Socio-Technical Transitions
Authors: Cayolla Trindade Paula , Antunes Paula , Partidário Paulo
Published: December 2017

Public procurement can shape production and consumption trends and represents a stimulus for both innovation and diversification in products and services, through a direct increase in demand. In recent years, the interest in demand-side policies has grown and several approaches have emerged, such as Green Public Procurement (GPP), Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) and Public Procurement of Innovation (PPI), representing strategic goals to be achieved through public procurement. In this context, there is a need to guide and support public organizations in the uptake of GPP, SPP and PPI practices. To respond to the challenges raised by the operationalization of such strategies, this paper proposes a new tool—the SPP Toolbox—for guiding public organizations as they re-think the procurement process, raising their ambitions and broadening their vision, thus changing the organizational approach towards culture, strategies, structures and practices. This toolbox integrates insights from GPP, SPP and PPI objectives and practices, in the context of the emergence of socio-technical transitions. The toolbox coherently links GPP, SPP and PPI, allowing flexibility in terms of goals, yet promoting an increasing complexity of institutionalized practices and skills—from GPP to SPP and then from SPP to PPI, organized in a framework fully integrated into the organizational strategy.
Genotypic and Phylogenetic Insights on Prevention of the Spread of HIV-1 and Drug Resistance in “Real-World” Settings
Authors: Brenner Bluma , Ibanescu Ruxandra-Ilinca , Hardy Isabelle , Roger Michel
Published: December 2017

HIV continues to spread among vulnerable heterosexual (HET), Men-having-Sex with Men (MSM) and intravenous drug user (IDU) populations, influenced by a complex array of biological, behavioral and societal factors. Phylogenetics analyses of large sequence datasets from national drug resistance testing programs reveal the evolutionary interrelationships of viral strains implicated in the dynamic spread of HIV in different regional settings. Viral phylogenetics can be combined with demographic and behavioral information to gain insights on epidemiological processes shaping transmission networks at the population-level. Drug resistance testing programs also reveal emergent mutational pathways leading to resistance to the 23 antiretroviral drugs used in HIV-1 management in low-, middle- and high-income settings. This article describes how genotypic and phylogenetic information from Quebec and elsewhere provide critical information on HIV transmission and resistance, Cumulative findings can be used to optimize public health strategies to tackle the challenges of HIV in “real-world” settings.
Electro-optical characteristics of a liquid crystal cell with graphene electrodes
Authors: Hakobyan Nune H , Margaryan Hakob L , Abrahamyan Valeri K , Aroutiounian Vladimir M , Dilanchian Gharghani Arpi S , Kostanyan Amalya B , Wilkinson Timothy D , Tabirian Nelson
Published: December 2017

In liquid crystal devices (LCDs) the indium tin oxide (ITO) films are traditionally used as transparent and conductive electrodes. However, today, due to the development of multichannel optical communication, the need for flexible LCDs and multilayer structures has grown. For this application ITO films cannot be used in principle. For this problem, graphene (an ultrathin material with unique properties, e.g., high optical transparency, chemical inertness, excellent conductivity) is an excellent candidate. In this work, the electro-optical and dynamic characteristics of a liquid crystal (LC) cell with graphene and ITO transparent conducting layers are investigated. To insure uniform thickness of the LC layer, as well as the same orientation boundary conditions, a hybrid LC cell containing graphene and ITO conductive layers has been prepared. The characteristics of LC cells with both types of conducting layers were found to be similar, indicating that graphene can be successfully used as a transparent conductive layer in LC devices.
PREFIGURING HOUSES IN A TRADITIONAL CITY: A CASE FOR BENIN HOUSE TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: EKHAESE Eghosa Noel , AMOLE Bayo , IZOBO-MARTINS Oladunni
Published: December 2017

House mean different things to different people. House could be a dwelling, home, hut, place for; entertainment, rest, sleeping, receiving guest, and a palace. The interpretation of house as shelter makes it a basic necessities of life. Thus the focus of the paper is to identify and document house types in Benin by observing the physical characteristics and type’s classification from the organization and pattern of architectural plan documented. The study explored qualitative and quantitative approach using observations, descriptive frequency, architectural sketches, photographs and interview guide. The findings revealed a cross sectional characterising and classifying houses in Benin City, Nigeria which reflect the typical cross section structure of a traditional city. The result of study would however, influence professional in built environment and policy maker decision positively.
Factors Associated with Successful Mobilization and Collection of Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Autologous and Allogeneic Donors
Authors: Grubovic Rada , Georgievski Borce , Cevreska Lidija , Genadieva-Stavric Sonja , Grubovic Milos R.
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells (PBSC) have largely replaced bone marrow derived stem cells in autologous transplantations, and have become the preferred source of stem cells in the majority of allogeneic transplantations. Sufficient number of mobilized and collected hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) is needed for successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.MATERIAL AND METHOD: This study was performed in the Institute for Transfusion Medicine of RM and the University Clinic of Hematology from 2008 till 2016. There were 30 allogeneic and 90 autologous donors that underwent mobilization and collection of PBSC. The association between possible predictive factors such as demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters and collection parameters in both groups, and mobilization strategy and clinical characteristics in autologous donors and number of collected PBSC was analyzed.RESULTS: There were 226 apheresis, 182 in autologous donors (mean 2, range 1-3) and 44 apheresis in 30 allogeneic donors (mean 1.5, range 1-2). The mean number of collected MNC in autologous donors was 3.09 x 108/kg and 2.85 x 106/kg CD34+ cells, and 3.23 x 108/kg MNC and 3.20 x 106/kg CD34+ cells in allogeneic donors. Significantly larger number of MNC and CD34+ cells was collected with the WBC set. There was a statistically significant correlation between the total number of collected MNC in autologous donors and platelet count before mobilization, the number of cycles in one apheresis procedure, quantity of collected graft and the number of collected MNC and CD34+ cells on the first day of harvestration. There was a statistically significant correlation between the total number of collected MNC in allogeneic donors and platelet count before mobilization, the number of cycles in one apheresis procedure, quantity of collected graft and number of MNC on first day of harvestration. There was a strong correlation between the number of collected MNC and CD34+ cells on the first harvest and the total number of collected MNC and CD34+ cells in poor mobilizers, and inverse correlation with the number of apheresis procedures. Donors who donated MNC â‰¤ 0.7 x 108/kg and/or â‰¤ 0.7 x 106/kg CD34+ cells on the first harvest (84.6%) were strong predictors of poor mobilizers.CONCLUSION: Determining the proper level of baseline and preaheresis laboratory parameters for initiating mobilization and apheresis procedure which is safe for donors and greatly efficient in collection of PBSC is needed for optimization of these procedures, as well as for early intervention in poor mobilizers.
The communities of terrestrial macrofungi in different forest types in vicinities of Khanty-Mansiysk (middle taiga zone of West Siberia)
Authors: Filippova Nina , Bulyonkova Tatiana
Published: December 2017

The diversity of macrofungi in the vicinities of Khanty-Mansiysk (Yugra, Russia) was surveyed using a method of permanent sampling plots. Ten plots, each consisting of a number of micro-plots, were established in several different communities ranging from old-growth mixed taiga forest to its derivatives in cutting succession and bogged areas. For more complete registration of the mycota, plots were supplemented with random walking routes directly nearby. Survey results were subjected to various quantitative analyses which allowed not only to evaluate the diversity of fungi but also to obtain valuable information on occurrence, abundance and ecology of individual species as well as community structure and its dynamics in the course of ecological succession. The paper reports the results of the first year of observations.

460 species of terrestrial macrofungi revealed in a poorly explored area in middle taiga of West Siberia. The plot-based study revealed differences between communities of terrestrial macrofungi of old coniferous forests, their after-cutting secondary formations and bogged stages. The survey allowed to reveal records of 3 species listed in the Red Data Book of Russia and 9 species listed in the Red Data Book of Yugra.
GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS: A REVIEW OF STATE OF THE ART STUDIES OF INNOVATIVE MATERIALS
Authors: De Luca P. , Carbone I. , Nagy J. B.
Published: December 2017

1. INTRODUCTION

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the latest international publications (2012–2017) regarding innovative and environmentally sustainable materials that reduce the production of pollutants. It is recognised that world construction is responsible for substantial amounts of harmful emissions.

In particular, the survey collected data on new sustainable solutions and innovative materials, such as cement, wood, glass and ceramics that are essential to minimize the environmental impact of buildings on the ecosystem and to reduce the consumption of natural resources.

Therefore, the paper's intent is to give an overview of the current state of the art and research in the field of bio-building, gathering information on the environmental impacts of these innovative materials and listing the benefits that can be obtained with their use.

The findings of this study support the growing importance of green building as a component of the whole construction market and provide a benchmark against which to measure future changes in the industry over time.
IN THE GREEN CLASSROOM—TAX POLICY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAX RULES AND INCENTIVES: NEW DIRECTIONS IN TEACHING AND RESEARCH
Authors: Nellen Annette
Published: December 2017

INTRODUCTION

There is no shortage of tax rules that address energy and natural resources in some manner. There are taxes on most types of fuel, tax credits for energy saving devices, and various tax incentives to encourage specified activities such as use of LED lighting or energy efficient heaters. In addition, numerous proposals are offered annually by lawmakers at the federal, state and local levels that also address conservation, energy and innovation in conservation and energy-efficiencies.

How do we know if existing rules and proposals are appropriate for a tax system? Principles of good tax policy can be applied to them to identify strengths, weaknesses and how to improve the rules and proposals. This article explains the principles of good tax policy, provides an example of their application and makes several suggestions of how this type of analysis can be incorporated into any classroom learning on green building topics. This exercise is not only for students with tax knowledge, but also engineers, scientists, architects, environmentalists, as well as everyone in our roles of citizen and voter.
BUILDINGS AS ACTIVE COMPONENTS FOR GRID STABILITY
Authors: Sick Friedrich , Füger Ralph
Published: December 2017

A successful energy transition depends on storage options in order to ensure power supply stability under a fluctuating generation of a growing share of renewable energies (RE). Battery storage is expensive and raw material intensive and therefore not suitable as a sole solution. Surplus electricity may easily be converted to heat, which can be stored inexpensively for a short term. With such simple Power-to-Heat or P2H solutions, lack of electric power cannot be offset by conventional heat storage. However, if a building or an urban quarter is heated by means of cogeneration, so-called Combined Heat and Power (CHP), or heat pumps (HP), the operation can be adjusted in such a way, that the building itself, i.e. its massive structure, serves as heat storage. Electricity generation and consumption is adjusted to the requirements of the grid (reactive power control). For the supply of a Berlin quarter, built in the 1950s and equipped with a district heating network and a CHP plant, the feasibility of the concept could be proved using dynamic building simulation as the analysis tool. Sixteen percent of the total heating consumption may useably be stored and extracted from the building structure. In absolute numbers: 73 MWh/a heat can be buffered corresponding to 34 MWh/a balancing electricity. For each square meter of living area, 3.7 kWh electrical balancing energy can be buffered in the building's thermal storage capacity. Nothing else is required than a re-programming of heating and possibly cooling controls. No capital investment is needed. Well insulated and more massive structures could show a proportion of 27% of such shifted heat.
HYGROTHERMAL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF ICF WALLS WITH DIFFERENT MOISTURE CONTROL STRATEGIES AND WALL DESIGNS
Authors: Iffa Emishaw , Tariku Fitsum
Published: December 2017

The initial high moisture content of concrete and the low vapor permeability of insulation layers on both sides of the concrete complicate the drying process of Insulated Concrete Forms (ICF). In order to facilitate the moisture transport and enhance the drying process, different moisture control strategies and wall designs can be implemented. The application of an air and vapor barrier is one of the most common moisture control strategies. In this paper, the impact of vapor permeance of an air and vapor barriers on the hygrothermal performance of an ICF wall in three different cold and wet climates is examined using a validated Heat-Air-Moisture transfer model. The hygrothermal performance of an ICF wall assembly with different types of barriers and locations in the wall system for several wall designs is investigated. Results indicate that a smaller thickness of insulation on the outside facilitates removing the moisture towards the outside and installing low permeance air/vapor barrier systems on the outside prohibits drying and drives the moisture to the inside. Our findings also show that with the proper selection of insulation thickness and vapor control strategy moisture-related problems can be avoided.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM HAND TUNNELING AND PILOT TUBE METHOD UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION METHODS
Authors: Mohit Sadegh , Monfared Mahsa Ahmadian Nezhad , Kang Chao , Bayat Alireza
Published: December 2017

The negative effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as climate change and global warming, have become major environmental concerns, especially for the construction industry, which is the third-highest source of GHG emissions among industrialized countries. Presently, underground utility projects are considered one of the most common types of construction, primarily due to aging infrastructure across North America and the subsequent rehabilitation of old pipelines and installation of new pipelines and facilities. Given the increasing demand being placed on the industry, the need to study airborne emissions associated with different underground construction technologies has risen, which will be helpful in selecting the most sustainable underground construction methods. This study investigates pollutant emission from two common trenchless methods used in underground construction, hand tunneling and pilot-tube method (PTM), through their varying GHG footprint sources and emissions measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This paper analyzes a case from Edmonton, Canada, in which both PTM and hand tunneling were used by comparing the suggested indexes, including HC, CO, NOx, PM, CO2, and SO2. In this case study, both methods were used in the installation of a new 68-cm diameter (27 in.) clay sewer line with an overburden depth of 12.9 m (42 ft) and length of 60 m (197 ft). Results indicated that the amount of airborne emissions was reduced between 17% and 36% through the use of PTM compared to the traditional hand tunnelling method.
IMPACT OF RETROFITTING ENERGY-EFFICIENT DESIGN STRATEGIES ON ENERGY USE OF EXISTING COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LOW-IMPACT AND DEEP RETROFIT STRATEGIES
Authors: Aksamija Ajla
Published: December 2017

This article discusses energy-efficient retrofitting design strategies for commercial office buildings, and examines their effect on energy consumption. The objective of the research was to study how to integrate passive design strategies and energy-efficient building systems to improve building performance, and reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings in three different climate types (cold, mixed and hot climates). First, properties of existing buildings were analyzed based on national CBECS database to determine typical characteristics of office buildings located in Chicago, Baltimore and Phoenix, including size, building envelope treatment and building systems. Then, fourteen different prototypes were developed, varying the building shape and orientation to represent different building stock, and energy modeling was conducted to establish energy usage baseline. Multiple design considerations were investigated based on extensive energy simulations and modeling, where low-impact and deep retrofits were considered. Low-impact strategies included improvements to the building envelope, lighting systems and optimization of HVAC systems operation (without upgrading heating and cooling equipment). Deep energy retrofits also included improvements to building envelope and lighting, and considered changes and improvements to HVAC systems (specifically, integration of radiant systems). Energy modeling was conducted for all prototypes, and results were obtained for the baseline (current energy usage), and energy usage considering low-impact design strategies and deep retrofits. A total of 126 energy models was developed, simulated and analyzed, providing a dataset that captured energy usage for investigated scenarios. The comparative analysis of simulation results was used to determine how specific techniques lead to energy savings in different climate types, as well as for buildings of various shapes and orientations.
A mini-review of TAT-MyoD fused proteins: state of the art and problems to solve
Authors: Patruno Marco , Melotti Luca , Gomiero Chiara , Sacchetto Roberta , Topel Ohad , Martinello Tiziana
Published: December 2017

The transcriptional activator TAT is a small peptide essential for viral replication and possesses the property of entering the cells from the extracellular milieu, acting as a membrane shuttle. In order to safely differentiate cells an innovative methodology, based on the fusion of transcription factors and the TAT sequence, is discussed in this short review. In several studies, it has been demonstrated that TAT protein can be observed in the cell nucleus after few hours from the inoculation although its way of action is not fully understood. However, further studies will be necessary to develop this methodology for clinical purposes.
Comparison of elbow flexor isokinetic peak torque and fatigue index between men and women of different training level
Authors: Gentil Paulo , Hebling Campos Mario , Soares Saulo , De Conti Teixeira Costa Gustavo , Paoli Antonio , Bianco Antonino , Bottaro Martim
Published: December 2017

The purpose of the study was to compare elbow flexion peak torque (PT) and fatigue index (FI) during isokinetic concentric contractions in men and women with different training levels. Sixty-eight young men and women were divided into four groups: resistance trained men (RTM), non-resistance trained men (NRTM), resistance trained women (RTW) and non- resistance trained women (NRTW). Participants performed two tests on an isokinetic dynamometer, one to evaluate PT and one to evaluate FI. Significant interactions were found for sex and resistance training status with both PT and FI. In general, resistance-trained subjects had higher PT, and women showed lower PT than men. PT values were 67.12 ± 9.93 N·m for RTM, 49.9 ± 8.5 N·m for NRTM, 41.84 ± 7.52 N·m for RTW, and 26.05 ± 3.34 N·m for NRTW. Separate analysis revealed that RTM had higher PT than all other groups. However, FI was higher for NRTM than for RTM and NRTW and no difference was found between RTM and NRTW. FI was 37.86 ± 10.89 % for RTW, 45.74 ± 13.17 % for NTRW, 45.89 ± 8.24 % for RTM, and 51.92 ± 4.5 % for NRTM. Women produce lower PT, and have a higher fatigue tolerance than men of similar training status. Considering that women showed to be more resistant to fatigue than men, women can manipulate training variables differently from men, such as, including more repetitions at the same relative load or using higher relative loads at the same number of repetitions.
Mobility disorders and pain, interrelations that need new research concepts and advanced clinical commitments
Authors: Sajer Sascha
Published: December 2017

This Perspective will discuss topics recently suggested by Prof. Helmut Kern, Vienna, Austria, to advance the research activities of his team, that is: Topic A, 10 years post RISE; Topic B, New research for new solutions on old research questions; Topic C, Working groups on nerve regeneration, training-parameters of seniors in different ages, muscle adaptation; and studies of connective tissue and cartilage. This Perspective summarizes some of the basic concepts and of the evidence-based tools for developing further translational research activities. Clinically relevant results will ask for continuous interests of Basic and Applied Myologists and for the support during the next five to ten years of public and private granting agencies. All together, they will end in protocols, devices and multidisciplinary managements for persons suffering with muscle denervation, neuromuscular-related or non-related pain and for the increasing population of old, older and oldest senior citizens in Europe and beyond.
First two bilateral hand transplantations in India (Part 1): From vision to reality
Authors: Iyer Subramania , Sharma Mohit , Kishore P. , Mathew Jimmy , Vijayaraghavan Sundeep , Ramu Janarthanan , Wakure Abhijeet , Reddy Raghuveer , Mali Chetan S. M. , Varma Visakh , Chaudhari Ashish , Dhake Swapnil , Omkumar Akshay , Prasad V. G.
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation is a relatively new concept, which was unavailable in the Indian subcontinent till a bilateral hand transplant was carried out successfully in January 2015. Materials and Methods: The setting up of the transplant programme involved obtaining legal clearances, creating public awareness, harnessing the institutional facilities, drawing up protocols, assembling the surgical team, managing immunological issues, rehabilitation and preparing the ancillary services. Results: Both, the first and second bilateral hand transplants were resounding successes with both the recipients getting back to their original daily routines. Conclusions: The organisation of the hand transplant programme was a large task, which necessitated intensive planning, and cooperation from various teams within and outside the institution. Exemplary team-work was the key to the phenomenal success of these path breaking endeavors in the subcontinent.
Fandom televisivo y construcción de identidad. Análisis de los comentarios de las fans españolas y los community managers
Authors: Lacalle Zalduendo Charo , Castro Mariño Deborah
Published: December 2017

La era digital ofrece a los espectadores de ficción televisiva una variedad de espacios en los cuales revelar su propia identidad y las emociones generadas por los textos consumidos. Metodología. Se analizan 7.849 comentarios publicados por mujeres fans y community managers en 122 sites (foros y redes sociales) dedicados a la ficción televisiva española. Los 22.301 ítems resultantes exploran las emociones generadas por la ficción televisiva, tales como alegría, entusiasmo, tristeza, enfado, decepción y nostalgia. Conclusiones y discusión. La investigación confirma el potencial de la ficción televisiva para alentar la autorreflexión sobre la identidad propia de las fans. También identifica a los foros como las plataformas que fomentan debates más profundos sobre la ficción televisiva, pese a la popularidad de redes sociales como Facebook o Twitter. Los comentarios de los community managers se centran en la promoción de los programas, desatendiendo el fortalecimiento del sentimiento de comunidad colectiva.
M/M/1 Model with Unreliable Service
Authors: Andrzej Korzeniowski Joshua Patterson,
Published: December 2017

We define a new term ”unreliable service” and construct the corresponding embedded Markov Chain to an M/M/1 queue with so defined protocol. Sufficient conditions for positive recurrence and closed form of stationary distribution are provided. Furthermore, we compute the probability generating function of the stationary queue length and Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the stationary waiting time. In the course of the analysis an interesting decomposition of both the queue length and waiting time has emerged. A number of queueing models can be recovered from our work by taking limits of certain parameters.
In vitro shoot cultures of pink rock-rose (Cistus ×incanus L.) as a potential source of phenolic compounds
Authors: Kubica Paweł , Szopa Agnieszka , Ekiert Halina
Published: December 2017

In vitro cultures of Cistus ×incanus (pink rock-rose) were maintained on two variants of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium differing in terms of composition of plant growth regulators (PGRs): 6-benzyl­adenine (BA) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at the following concentrations: 3 mg/L and 0, 3 mg/L and 1 mg/L, respectively, and on a variant without PGRs – a control. Cultures were maintained in a form of agar and agitated shoot cultures. The qualitative and quantitative analyzes of three groups of phenolic compounds (catechins, flavonoids, and free phenolic acids) were performed by using the HPLC-DAD technique in methanolic extracts of in vitro biomasses and of commercial plant raw material. In analyzed extracts from in vitro cultures, the presence of catechin [max. 197.80 mg / 100 g dry weight (DW)], epicatechin gallate (max. 30.74 mg / 100 g DW), gallic acid (max. 83.23 mg / 100 g DW), quercetin (max. 10.15 mg / 100 g DW), and quercitrin (max. 72.89 mg / 100 g DW) was confirmed. The quantities of accumulated compounds varied and depended on the type of in vitro culture and the concentration of PGRs in media. The highest amounts of all estimated compounds were obtained in biomasses from agar cultures cultivated on medium without PGRs in vitro. In extracts obtained from commercial raw material, gallic acid (max. 261.80 mg / 100 g DW) and quercetin (max. 255.96 mg / 100 g DW) were detected as being the dominant compounds.
Estudantes de medicina e ação comunitária: estamos no caminho certo?
Authors: Farias Luis Arthur Brasil Gadelha
Published: December 2017

Trata-se de carta ao editor que questiona o comportamento do estudante de medicina frente à ação comunitária e seu impacto na sociedade.
Improving nomenclatural consistency: a decade of experience in the World Register of Marine Species
Authors: Horton Tammy , Gofas Serge , Kroh Andreas , Poore Gary C.B. , Read Geoffrey , Rosenberg Gary , Stöhr Sabine , Bailly Nicolas , Boury-Esnault Nicole , Brandão Simone N. , Costello Mark J. , Decock Wim , Dekeyzer Stefanie , Hernandez Francisco , Mees Jan , Paulay Gustav , Vandepitte Leen , Vanhoorne Bart , Vranken Sofie
Published: December 2017

The World Register of Marine species (WoRMS) has been established for a decade. The early history of the database involved compilation of existing global and regional species registers. This aggregation, combined with changes to data types and the changing needs of WoRMS users, has resulted in an evolution of data-entry consistency over time. With the task of aggregating the accepted species names for all marine species approaching completion, our focus has shifted to improving the consistency and quality of data held while keeping pace with the addition of > 2000 new marine species described annually. This paper defines priorities and longer-term aims that promote standardisation within and interoperability among biodiversity databases, provides editors with further information on how to input nomenclatural data in a standardised way and clarifies for users of WoRMS how and why names are represented as they are. We 1) explain the categories of names included; 2) list standard reasons used to explain why a name is considered ‘unaccepted’ or ‘uncertain’; 3) present and explain the more difficult situations encountered; 4) describe categories of sources and notes linked to a taxon; and 5) recommend how type material, type locality and environmental information should be entered.
The Performance of Pictorialist Dance Photography
Authors: Vedel Karen Arnfred
Published: December 2017

Looking to the widely disseminated pictorialist photos of Waldemar Eide (Norway) and Henry B. Goodwin (Sweden) featuring the Russian ballerina Vera Fokina and the Swedish ballerina Jenny Hasselquist, the article is an enquiry into the role of the dancer in the pictorialist studio and the contribution of pictorialist photography to the turning point when the aesthetics of dance was being re-considered, the dancing body reconfigured, and photography emerged into an art form in its own right. Taking inspiration from the socio-material approach of photography historian Elizabeth Edwards, the analysis downplays the question of content in favor of a focus on the material practices in the photographic studio at the level of the photographer as well as the dancer-model posing before the camera. Placed within a discourse of new materialism, performance and performativity, it moreover considers the resulting photos as material objects that perform in continuing processes of meaning production. An example of the latter discussed at the end of the text is Harald Giersing’s abstract painting ’The Dancer’ based on a photo of Jenny Hasselquist as The Dying Swan.
ПОСЕБНЕ ИСТРАЖНЕ РАДЊЕ – ЗАКОНСКА РЕГУЛАТИВА И КРИТИЧКИ ОСВРТ
Authors: Лукач Драган , Јеличић Игор , Јањуш Зоран
Published: December 2017

Развој цивилизације и друштва, до данашњих дана,резултирао је повећењем степена урбанизације. Урбанизацијаподразумијева проширење урбаних на уштрб руралних средина, атакође и виши степен урбаности руралних средина. Међутим, убрзаниразвој, поред предности, донио је са собом и негативне појаве, међукојима значајно мјесто заузима испољавање различитих обликакриминалитета. Ово се посебно односи на развој и најтежих обликакриминалитета, као што су организовани криминалитет, тероризам итешки облици криминалитета у привредно-финансијском пословању.Такође, појавне облике криминалитета карактерише злоупотребасавремених технологија с једне стране, као и нови начини вршењакривичних дјела с друге стране. Све то условљава и ‘’модернизацију’’полицијског реаговања на овакве облике криминалитета. Посебнеистражне радње намећу се као један од савременијих приступасупротставању модерном криминалитету. Оне су као такве уведене унаше кривчно процесно законодавство 2003. године, што је оптималанпериод да се сагледа њихова ефикасност у сузбијању криминалитета.Исто тако могуће је извршити и анализу законских норми којепрописују примјену посебних истражних радњи, те дати оцјену њиховеусклађености са међународним стандардима у овој области, али ипримјењивости код нас. У раду смо дали осврт на неке од наведенихтема.
ПОЛИЦИЈА КАО СУБЈЕКАТ ОТКРИВАЊА И ДОКАЗИВАЊА КРИВИЧНИХ ДЈЕЛА У КРИВИЧНОМ ПРОЦЕСНОМ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВУ РЕПУБЛИКЕ МАКЕДОНИЈЕ
Authors: Бајичић Велибор
Published: December 2017

Полиција је један од најзначајнијих субјеката уоткривању и доказивању кривичних дјела. Њен значај у откривању идоказивању свих врста криминалитета, прије свега зависи од усвојеногконцепта кривичноправног реаговања државе на криминалитет.Када је ријеч о земљама бивше Југославије, полиција је своју функцијуу супротстављању свим видовима криминалитета остваривалакроз судски концепт истраге. Међутим, и поред чињенице да суосновна начела кривичног поступка дуго била ‘’забрањена зона’’ заинтервенцију законодаваца, у посљедњих петнаестак година долазидо постепеног мијењања концепта кривичног поступка и увођењатужилачке или тужилачко-полицијске истраге. Наведеним промјенама,полиција у истрази добија на значају и заједно са тужиоцем постајенајзначајнији субјект у откривању и доказивању кривичних дјела.Најзначајнија измјена у поступању полиције односи се на чињеницу дадокази прикупљени од стране полиције у истрази могу имати доказнуснагу, под условом да су прикупљени на законит начин и под надзоромтужиоца. Једна од земаља бивше Југославије која је прихватила реформекривичнопроцесног законодавства и увела тужилачки концепт истрагејесте Република Македонија. У раду ће бити дат кратки приказ значајаполиције као субјекта откривања и доказивања кривичних дјела укривичном процесном законодавству Републике Македоније.
ОПШТИ УСЛОВИ ЗА ПРИМЈЕНУ КОНЦЕПТА РАДА ПОЛИЦИЈЕ У ЗАЈЕДНИЦИ У ПОЛИЦИЈИ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ
Authors: Ђукић Борислав , Вујић Драгана , Ђукић Петар
Published: December 2017

Примјена концепта рада полиције у заједници у полицијиРепублике Српске, нешто је око чега постоји декларативна сагласностсвих оних од којих зависе сви битни процеси у друштву уопште. Процесреализације концепта у пракси није нимало лак, из разлога што јепотребно претходно створити низ услова без којих то није могуће. Тиуслови су често умногоме одређени утицајем изван оквира полицијскеорганизације, што значи да реализација концепта у пракси не зависинајдиректније и само од извршилаца унутар полицијске организације.Неопходно је да друштво доживи трансформацију у низу сегмената којина први поглед немају везе са реализацијом концепта рада полицијеу заједници, али су битна претпоставка да до реализације дође наквалитетан начин. Све до тада, о примјени концепта ће се више говоритиу домену теоријског полемисања, а мање о формама практичне примјене.Циљ рада је утврђивање испуњености неких општих услова за примјенуконцепта рада полиције у заједници, а у ту сврху ће се користити истатистички обрађени резултати истраживања путем анкете.
СПРЕМНОСТ ЗА РЕАГОВАЊЕ НА ПРИРОДНУ КАТАСТРОФУ – ПРЕГЛЕД ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ
Authors: Цветковић Владимир
Published: December 2017

У научној литератури не постоји јасан консензусу погледу теоријског одређења, као и начина (природе) утицајаразноврсних фактора на спремност за реаговање на природнекатастрофе. Управо стога, систематичним прегледом постојећихистраживања и примењених теоријских концепата, могуће је уочитинеопходност њихове даље систематизације, а посебно потребе даљегобјашњења међусобне повезаности демографских, социоекономских ипсихолошких фактора са нивоом спремности за реаговање на природнукатастрофу. Сходно томе, предмет рада представља дескрипцијаи анализа релевантних научних радова (88) са циљем њиховогразврставања према критеријумима теоријског одређења и фактораутицаја на ниво спремности за реаговање на природне катастрофе.Резултати истраживања омогућавају јасан увид у мрежу постојећихтеоријских објашњења и фактора који утичу на ниво спремности.Претрага постојећих радова у домаћој и страној литератури извршенаје уз помоћ сервиса ,,Google scholar“, популарне мреже кооперативног,,on line“ библиографског система и сервиса (COBISS), српског цитатногиндекса (SCI) и портала конзорцијума библиотека Србије за обједињенунабавку (KoBSON).
ПРЕКРШАЈНИ НАЛОГ
Authors: Милић Иван
Published: December 2017

Aутор у овом раду говори о прекршајном налогу каоновом институту у Закону о прекршајима Републике Србије. У раду једат приказ законског решењa, те се не улази у теоријска образложењаовог института, с обзиром на то да прекршајни налог представљановину у Закону о прекршајима Републике Србије. На почетку радаговори се о односу прекршајног налога и наплате новчане казне наместу извршења прекршаја. Затим се указује на садржину, као и на поукеи упозорења из прекршајног налога. На крају, аутор говори и о начинуиздавања прекршајног налога одређеним учиниоцима прекршаја, гдепостоје значајна одступања од основног начина кажњавања.
ЕКОЛОШКИ ДЕЛИКТИ
Authors: Грумић Синиша
Published: December 2017

Безбједност је, како данас, тако и кроз цијелу историју,међу основним мотивима дјелатности друштва и самог човјека.Чињеница је да она представља основу људских потреба и гаранцијуопстанка, благостања, економске стабилности и слободног живота.Teмпо промјена у животној средини и пораст потражње за природнимресурсима стварају нове изазове за индивидуалну и цјелокупну људскубезбједност. Према еколошким критеријумима висок квалитет животнесредине значи од човјека неоштећену и недеградирану природу, каои живот у складу и равнотежи са окружењем, а то се односи не самона људску него и на све остале популације живих бића. Еколошкабезбједност може бити нарушена људским дјеловањем усљед: незнања,инцидената, лошег управљања, лошег пројектовања, због узрока којисе налазе унутар или изван државних граница. Еколошка безбједностможе се дефинисати и на начин да је то термин који повезује условеживотне средине са условима укупне безбједности. Еколошкапроблематика је широка и комплексна област која има импликацијена безбједност. Еколошки деликти представљају негативну динамичнупојаву у виду активности једног или више лица у одређеном периодуи простору. Наиме, носилац угрожавања безбједности је субјекат којисвојом радњом или пропуштањем радње реализује угрожавајућу појаву.
КАЗНЕНИ БОДОВИ КАО ПРЕКРШАЈНА САНКЦИЈА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ И РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
Authors: Рикић Дејан , Мандић Дајана
Published: December 2017

Међународним стратешким документима обезбједности саобраћаја, прије свега Резолуцијом Генералне скупштинеУједињених нација број 64/255, од 10. маја 2010. године, проглашавасе деценија акције за безбједност саобраћаја на путевима, са циљемда се стабилизује, а потом смањи предвиђени ниво броја погинулих усаобраћају на путевима широм свијета, путем повећања активностикоје ће се спроводити на националном, регионалном и глобалном нивоу.Глобалним планом деценије акције за безбједност саобраћаја (2011–2020) дефинишу се општи циљеви, те пет стубова (колона ) у оквирукојих је потребно предузимати мјере с циљем унапређења безбједностисаобраћаја. Међу тим колонама истиче се стуб број 4, који се односи наунапређење понашања учесника у саобраћају. Унапређење понашањаучесника у саобраћају у нашим условима у највећој мјери се ослања наунапређење система санкција, те њихову досљедну примјену од странесаобраћајне полиције. У складу са тим, у овом раду ће бити дефинисаниказнени бодови као једна од санкција која се изриче починиоцимапрекршаја и којом се жели кориговати и унаприједити понашањеучесника у саобраћају.
Accelerated decline in javelin throwing performance in master athletes 70 years and older – does change in technique play a role?
Authors: Ganse Bergita , Degens Hans
Published: December 2017

Background: Wile many older adults are immobile, frail and inactive, others still participate in competitive sports. As in sprinting and endurance running, the world records of javelin throwing decrease with increasing age. It is, however, not clear 1)whether this ageing-related decline is linear or, as in sprint performance, accelerates beyond the age of 69, and 2) to what extent frailty-related changes in throwing technique contribute to the decreasing performance in old javelin throwers.

Methods: We plotted the current world records against age and assessed the performance of 27 male javelin throwers 70 years and older during three master athletics championships. Three to six throws were filmed, and the best throw of each athlete selected. A step-wise linear regression was applied to assess the contribution of age, angle of release, angle of attitude , angle of attack, elbow angle just before the pull and the number of steps in the approach run, to performance.

Results: The ageing-related decline in javelin-throw performance accelerated after the age of 69 years. Age was the main predictor of performance (adjusted R 2 =0.68), with a small contribution of elbow angle (adjusted R 2 increased to 0.76) and angle of attack (R 2 =0.82; all P<0.001) in the older athletes. None of the technique-related parameters correlated with age.

Discussion: The ageing-related decline in javelin throwing performance was accelerated after the age of 69 years. Although the technique had some influence on javelin throwing performance, the accelerated decline in 70 + -year-old athletes was not associated with an ageing-related change in throwing technique.