bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The quality management ecosystem for predictive maintenance in the Industry 4.0 era
Authors: Lee Sang M. , Lee DonHee , Kim Youn Sung
Published: March 2019

The Industry 4.0 era requires new quality management systems due to the ever increasing complexity of the global business environment and the advent of advanced digital technologies. This study presents new ideas for predictive quality management based on an extensive review of the literature on quality management and five real-world cases of predictive quality management based on new technologies. The results of the study indicate that advanced technology enabled predictive maintenance can be applied in various industries by leveraging big data analytics, smart sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), and platform construction. Such predictive quality management systems can become living ecosystems that can perform cause-effect analysis, big data monitoring and analytics, and effective decision-making in real time. This study proposes several practical implications for actual design and implementation of effective predictive quality management systems in the Industry 4.0 era. However, the living predictive quality management ecosystem should be the product of the organizational culture that nurtures collaborative efforts of all stakeholders, sharing of information, and co-creation of shared goals.
Exploration of permafrost with audiomagnetotelluric data for gas hydrates in the Juhugeng Mine of the Qilian Mountains, China
Authors: Yang Bo , Hu Xiangyun , Lin Wule , Liu Shuang , Fang Hui
Published: March 2019

In China, gas hydrates in onshore permafrost areas have so far only been found in the Juhugeng Mine of the Qilian Mountains. However, their subsurface distribution remains unclear. Electrical resistivity logs have revealed that zones containing gas hydrates have higher resistivity than surrounding zones, which makes electromagnetic methods viable for detecting gas-hydrate deposits. We have deployed a natural-source audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) survey at the Juhugeng Mine. AMT data were collected at 176 sites along five profiles, and resistivity models were derived from 2D inversions after detailed data analysis. After the available geologic and geophysical observations were combined, the inversion results from profile 1 suggested that permafrost near the surface with high resistivity and thickness is essential for underlying gas hydrates to be present. The decrease in resistivity and/or thickness of permafrost due to climate change may lead to gas-hydrate dissociation. The other four AMT transects suggested three prospective gas-hydrate sites. Our results indicate that the AMT survey technique is suitable for exploring gas hydrates in permafrost areas and analyzing the impact of permafrost characteristics on gas-hydrate occurrence.
Linguistic Validation of the US National Cancer Institute’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events in Korean
Authors: Cho Juhee , Yoon Junghee , Kim Youngha , Oh Dongryul , Kim Seok Jin , Ahn Jinseok , Suh Gee Young , Nam Seok Jin , Mitchell Sandra A.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

The aim of this study was to translate and linguistically validate a Korean-language version of the US National Cancer Institute’s Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE).

METHODS

All 124 PRO-CTCAE items were translated into Korean (PRO-CTCAE-Korean) using International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research best practices and linguistically validated in a diverse sample of patients undergoing cancer treatment (n = 120) to determine whether the Korean translation captured the original concepts. During the cognitive interviews, participants first completed approximately 60 PRO-CTCAE-Korean questions and were then interviewed to evaluate the conceptual equivalence of the translation to the original PRO-CTCAE English-language source. Interview probes addressed comprehension, clarity, and ease of judgement. Three rounds of interviews were conducted. Items that met the a priori threshold of 10% or more of respondents with comprehension difficulties were considered for rephrasing and retesting.

RESULTS

A majority of PRO-CTCAE-Korean items were well comprehended in round 1; 14 items posed comprehension difficulties for at least 10% of respondents in round 1. Four symptom terms (mouth and throat sores, feeling like nothing could cheer you up, frequent urination, and pain, swelling, redness at drug injection or intravenous insertion site) were revised and retested in rounds 2 and 3. For the other 10 symptom terms, no suitable alternative phrasing was identified, and the terms were retested in rounds 2 and 3. After rounds 2 and 3, no item presented difficulties in 20% or more of participants.

CONCLUSION

PRO-CTCAE-Korean has been linguistically validated for use in Korean-speaking populations. Quantitative evaluation of this new measure to establish its measurement properties and responsiveness in Korean speakers undergoing cancer treatment is in progress.
Pediatric Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas in Tanzania: Epidemiology and Clinical Features
Authors: Siwillis E. Mithe , Dharse Nazima J. , Scanlan Trish , Ngoma Mamsau , Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Kahiu Josephine W.N. , Million Lynn
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

Pediatric sarcomas represent an important group of childhood tumors that require treatment at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), the largest pediatric oncology center in Tanzania. Treatment is often adapted from established childhood protocols validated in clinical trials from the United States and the United Kingdom. There are no studies describing the types of pediatric sarcomas most commonly seen in Tanzania to understand similarities and disparities with other countries and which sarcomas to prioritize in adapting treatment protocols. The objective of this study was to establish a baseline of the epidemiologic and clinical features of pediatric sarcomas diagnosed at MNH.

METHODS

Information was collected on clinical and tumor features of all children seen at MNH pediatric oncology unit between 2011 and 2016 with a confirmed histologic diagnosis of either bone or soft tissue sarcoma (STS).

RESULTS

A total of 135 cases were analyzed; 89 (66%) were STS and 46 (34%) were bone sarcomas. There was a slight female predominance (n = 69; 51%), and the mean age (SD) of patients was 6.3 (5.1) years. Greater than 90% (n = 123) of the cases presented with a painless swelling. The commonest STS, accounting for almost three-fourths of the cases (n = 66) was rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), with embryonal subtype being the most common RMS (n = 49; 74%). Osteosarcoma was the most common bone sarcoma, accounting for greater than 80% (n = 40) of the cases. Ewing sarcoma accounted for less than 15% (n = 6). Most of the patients presented with stage IV disease (n = 57; 87%) and lung was the commonest metastatic site.

CONCLUSION

To our knowledge, this report is the first study documenting the epidemiologic and clinical features of pediatric sarcomas in a modern Tanzanian pediatric hospital. Embryonal RMS and osteosarcomas should be prioritized for adapting treatment protocols from other countries.
Individualized Screening Trial of Innovative Glioblastoma Therapy (INSIGhT): A Bayesian Adaptive Platform Trial to Develop Precision Medicines for Patients With Glioblastoma
Authors: Alexander Brian M. , Trippa Lorenzo , Gaffey Sarah , Arrillaga-Romany Isabel C. , Lee Eudocia Q. , Rinne Mikael L. , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , Colman Howard , Fell Geoffrey , Galanis Evanthia , de Groot John , Drappatz Jan , Lassman Andrew B. , Meredith David M. , Nabors L. Burt , Santagata Sandro , Schiff David , Welch Mary R. , Ligon Keith L. , Wen Patrick Y.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

Adequately prioritizing the numerous therapies and biomarkers available in late-stage testing for patients with glioblastoma (GBM) requires an efficient clinical testing platform. We developed and implemented INSIGhT (Individualized Screening Trial of Innovative Glioblastoma Therapy) as a novel adaptive platform trial (APT) to develop precision medicine approaches in GBM.

METHODS

INSIGhT compares experimental arms with a common control of standard concurrent temozolomide and radiation therapy followed by adjuvant temozolomide. The primary end point is overall survival. Patients with newly diagnosed unmethylated GBM who are
IDH
R132H mutation negative and with genomic data available for biomarker grouping are eligible. At the initiation of INSIGhT, three experimental arms (neratinib, abemaciclib, and CC-115), each with a proposed genomic biomarker, are tested simultaneously. Initial randomization is equal across arms. As the trial progresses, randomization probabilities adapt on the basis of accumulating results using Bayesian estimation of the biomarker-specific probability of treatment impact on progression-free survival. Treatment arms may drop because of low probability of treatment impact on overall survival, and new arms may be added. Detailed information on the statistical model and randomization algorithm is provided to stimulate discussion on trial design choices more generally and provide an example for other investigators developing APTs.

CONCLUSION

INSIGhT (NCT02977780) is an ongoing novel biomarker-based, Bayesian APT for patients with newly diagnosed unmethylated GBM. Our goal is to dramatically shorten trial execution timelines while increasing scientific power of results and biomarker discovery using adaptive randomization. We anticipate that trial execution efficiency will also be improved by using the APT format, which allows for the collaborative addition of new experimental arms while retaining the overall trial structure.
Microglial Modulation as a Target for Chronic Pain: From the Bench to the Bedside and Back
Authors: Haight Elena S. , Forman Thomas E. , Cordonnier Stephanie A. , James Michelle L. , Tawfik Vivianne L.
Published: March 2019

With a widespread opioid epidemic and profound biopsychosocial implications, chronic pain is a multifaceted public health issue requiring urgent attention. The treatment of chronic pain is particularly important to anesthesiologists given our unique role as perioperative physicians and pain medicine specialists. The present review details the recent shift from a neuronal theory of chronic pain to one that includes complex neuron–glia interactions. In particular, we highlight microglia, the myeloid-lineage cells of the central nervous system, as initiators of a postinjury neuroimmune response that contributes to the acute to chronic pain transition. We discuss ever-advancing preclinical studies, wherein significant success has been made through pharmacologic and genetic modulation of microglia, and we emphasize where these approaches have made the transition to the clinical realm. Furthermore, we highlight the most current, novel efforts to visualize glial activation in vivo using positron emission tomography and improve the diagnosis of chronic pain through radiotracer binding of specific targets, like the 18 kDa translocator protein in microglia and myeloid-lineage cells. Our rapidly advancing knowledge about microglia and their involvement in pain suggests that the era of glial-targeted therapeutics is just beginning so long as we refocus our attention on optimizing preclinical studies using a clinically informed approach, before translation.
Expert quotes and exaggeration in health news: a retrospective quantitative content analysis
Authors: Bossema Francien G. , Burger Peter , Bratton Luke , Challenger Aimée , Adams Rachel C. , Sumner Petroc , Schat Joop , Numans Mattijs E. , Smeets Ionica
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThis research is an investigation into the role of expert quotes in health news, specifically whether news articles containing a quote from an independent expert are less often exaggerated than articles without such a quote.

MethodsRetrospective quantitative content analysis of journal articles, press releases, and associated news articles was performed. The investigated sample are press releases on peer-reviewed health research and the associated research articles and news stories. Our sample consisted of 462 press releases and 668 news articles from the UK (2011) and 129 press releases and 185 news articles from The Netherlands (2015). We hand-coded all journal articles, press releases and news articles for correlational claims, using a well-tested codebook. The main outcome measures are types of sources that were quoted and exaggeration of correlational claims. We used counts, 2x2 tables and odds ratios to assess the relationship between presence of quotes and exaggeration of the causal claim.

ResultsOverall, 99.1% of the UK press releases and 84.5% of the Dutch press releases contain at least one quote. For the associated news articles these percentages are: 88.6% in the UK and 69.7% in the Netherlands. Authors of the study are most often quoted and only 7.5% of UK and 7.0% of Dutch news articles contained a new quote by an expert source, i.e. one not provided by the press release. The relative odds that an article without an external expert quote contains an exaggeration of causality is 2.6.

ConclusionsThe number of articles containing a quote from an independent expert is low, but articles that cite an external expert do contain less exaggeration.
Frequently Hospitalized Patients' Perceptions of Factors Contributing to High Hospital Use
Authors: O'Leary Kevin J , Chapman Margaret M , Foster Shandu , O'Hara Lyndsey , Henschen Bruce L , Cameron Kenzie A
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

A small proportion of patients accounts for a large proportion of hospitalizations.

OBJECTIVE

To obtain patients' perspectives of factors associated with the onset and continuation of high hospital use.

DESIGN

Qualitative research study where a research coordinator conducted one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews. A team of researchers performed inductive coding and analysis.

SETTING

A single urban academic hospital.

PARTICIPANTS

Patients with two unplanned 30‐day readmissions within 12 months and one or more of the following: ≥1 readmission in the last six months, a referral from a clinician, or ≥3 observation visits.

RESULTS

Overall, 26 participants completed the interviews. Four main themes emerged. First, major medical problems were universal, but the onset of frequent hospital use varied. Second, participants perceived fluctuations in their course to be related to psychological, social, and economic factors. Social support was perceived as helpful and participants benefited when providing social support to others. Third, episodes of illness varied in onset and generally seemed uncontrollable and often unpredictable to the participants. Fourth, participants strongly desired to avoid hospitalization and typically sought care only after self‐management failed.

CONCLUSIONS

Emergent themes pointed to factors which influence patients' onset of high hospital use, fluctuations in their illness over time, and triggers to seek care during an episode of illness. These findings enable patients' perspectives to be incorporated into the design of programs serving similar populations of frequently hospitalized patients.
Securitización e inversiones extranjeras: control del riesgo de ciertas inversiones para la seguridad nacional del Estado
Authors: Esplugues Mota Carlos
Published: March 2019

El aumento constante de las inversiones extranjeras durante las últimas décadas ha venido acompañado de un cambio en sus parámetros. El origen de las inversiones varía, como lo hace su naturaleza y destino. La posibilidad de que sectores claves de la economía del Estado receptor acaben en manos de inversores extranjeros, en ocasiones pertenecientes o controlados por un Estado foráneo, es vista con prevención en muchos países y acentúa la creciente oposición al libre comercio y a la inversión extranjera. La limitada respuesta -ex post- ofrecida por el marco normativo internacional, lleva a los Estados a diseñar respuetas ex ante, dirigidas a controlar ciertas inversiones que por su origen, condición o destino pueden resultar potencialmente riesgosas para su seguridad nacional.
El derecho del mar y el cambio climático en el Ártico: ¿estrechos internacionales o protección y preservación del medio marino?
Authors: Godio Leopoldo
Published: March 2019

El presente trabajo analiza la situación del océano Ártico y los efectos del cambio climático aplicados al paso del Noroeste, una vía de navegación que une el Pacífico y el Atlántico; es objeto de una importante controversia internacional entre Estados Unidos y Canadá; y además ha llamado la atención de Estados como Japón, Noruega, China e, incluso, la Unión Europea. Este escenario plantea la evidente necesidad de comprender no solo su particular situación frente al efecto del cambio climático, sino también el desafío de su protección y preservación ante el potencial que presenta para el comercio marítimo internacional.
La relación entre las políticas de inversión extranjera en Colombia y los acuerdos internacionales de inversión
Authors: García Matamoros Laura Victoria
Published: March 2019

El artículo introduce algunas reflexiones sobre las implicaciones de los acuerdos de protección y promoción de las inversiones (appi) y de los capítulos de inversión en los tratados de libre comercio (tlc) para países del nivel de desarrollo de Colombia, y, en consecuencia, de la importancia de contar con políticas claras en materia de inversión extranjera y con un modelo robusto de medición de beneficios en términos de desarrollo y de riesgos en cuanto a la limitación a su capacidad regulatoria y su eventual responsabilidad internacional por el incumplimiento de las obligaciones adquiridas mediante estos acuerdos. Para ello refiere el escrito algunos estándares de protección particularmente sensibles y, a partir de allí, aporta un estudio de la evolución de la política interna de inversión colombiana, segmentada por los períodos gubernamentales, partiendo de lo incluido en los planes nacionales de desarrollo y en los documentos Conpes, así como en modelos de tratados diseñados en los distintos gobiernos, en aras de identificar si Colombia, en lo que llevamos de este siglo, ha contado con políticas estructuradas que orienten los procesos de negociación y conclusión de tratados que correspondan a los modelos propuestos y a los intereses del Estado. Lo anterior justificado en que Colombia en los últimos dos años se ha visto expuesta a importantes disputas en materia de inversión extranjera, varias de las cuales ya se encuentran materializadas en procesos ante el ciadi.
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Uses Integer Programming for Scheduling Weekly Assessment Activities
Authors: García-Sánchez Álvaro , Hernández Araceli , Caro Eduardo , Jiménez Gonzalo
Published: March 2019

Short abstract: The authors implemented two integer programming models to monitor student achievements at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid by periodically assessing (i.e., testing) these students.
Performance Analysis of Overtaking Maneuvers at Bus Stops with Tandem Berths
Authors: Bian Bomin , Pinedo Michael , Zhu Ning , Ma Shoufeng
Published: March 2019

Bus queues are common at bus stops and may cause significant delays. Overtaking is a standard maneuver used by buses at curbside stops. In general, there are two kinds of overtaking maneuvers, namely overtaking in and overtaking out. When overtaking is allowed, the analysis of the bus queues becomes more difficult because such maneuvers violate the first-in, first-out rule and affect the capacity of the bus stop as well as the average waiting delay. It is important to understand the effects that overtaking maneuvers have on the operations at bus stops. In our study, we consider four different bus overtaking rules at curbside bus stops and analyze four associated queuing models with finite tandem berths. To be more specific, low, moderate, and high bus frequencies are analyzed assuming exponentially distributed dwell times. Analytic expressions for the expected average waiting delays are developed. Further, a general queueing model with overtaking maneuvers occurring at random is presented. Through simulation, the accuracy of the models and the effects of the coefficient of variation of the dwell times on waiting delays are examined. Theoretical analyses as well as simulation results show the positive effects of overtaking maneuvers on the bus stop capacity and on expected average delays at curbside stops when dwell times are varied. The comparison of different overtaking maneuvers reveals performance differences among the various rules and shows why buses should rather be encouraged to overtake when departing a stop than when entering it. In addition, we discuss some practical factors that may impede the implementation of overtaking. Some managerial insights are obtained, and our formulations and results may help with the assignments of bus lines to bus stops and bus frequency-setting problems.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0841 .
A New Algorithm for Achieving Proportionality in User Equilibrium Traffic Assignment
Authors: Xie Jun , Nie Yu (Marco)
Published: March 2019

This paper proposes a novel algorithm to determine the path flow solution that satisfies the proportionality condition from a given origin-based user equilibrium (UE) link flow solution. The algorithm iteratively refines the origin-based bush representation of the UE solution through constructing a list of “node-based arrival bushes” and solving the entropy maximization subproblems defined on them. Thanks to the special structure of bushes, these subproblems can be solved efficiently. The proposed algorithm thus obviates the known hurdles to efficient implementation, such as enumerating all UE paths or collecting a set of paired alternative segments to cover them. We prove that the algorithm ensures convergence to a solution that perfectly satisfies the proportionality condition in general networks. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed algorithm converges much faster than the known alternative, with a three- to eightfold speed-up on large networks.

The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0845 .
Plaster, splint, brace, tape or functional mobilization after first-time patellar dislocation: what’s the evidence?
Authors: Vermeulen Daan , van der Valk Mara Rosa , Kaas Laurens
Published: March 2019

With an incidence of 5.8 per 100,000 per year, patellar dislocations are commonly seen in the emergency department. Surprisingly, there are only a few studies available that focus on the results of the different non-surgical treatment options after first-time patellar dislocation. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the most recent and relevant studies on the rationales and results of the non-surgical treatment for first-time patellar dislocation. Patellar instability mainly affects young and active patients, with a peak incidence of 29 per 100 000 per year in adolescents. The medial patellofemoral ligament, a main passive restraint for lateral translation of the patella, is torn in lateral patellofemoral dislocations. Treatment of first-time patellar dislocation can be either conservative or surgical. There are two options in conservative management of first-time patellar dislocation: immobilization using a cylinder cast or removable splint, or, second, functional mobilization after applying a brace or patellar tape. The current available literature of conservative treatment after a first-time patellar dislocation is little and of low quality of evidence. Conclusions should be drawn with care, new research focussing on non-surgical treatment is therefore strongly needed.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:110-114. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180016
ADAPTATION POTENTIAL OF ETHNIC DIASPORAS IN BORDER REGIONS OF RUSSIA
Authors: Горбунова Анастасия Андреевна , Максимов Максим Борисович
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of migration processes in six border regions of Russia: the Altai Territory, the Amur Region, the Astrakhan Region, the Volgograd Region, the Republic of Tyva, and the Khabarovsk Region. Based on expert assessments, data on the state of the migration situation and the effects of migration in certain regions of the country was obtained, the main directions of adaptation and integration of migrants, the adaptation potential of modern diasporas, and regional specifics of migration processes were identified. The results of the study indicate the relevance of timely implementation of measures aimed at promoting social adaptation and integration of migrants into the host society. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the obtained data for effective management in the field of migration policy at the regional level.border regions.
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CHALLENGES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY IN EXPERT ASSESSMENTS
Authors: Уханова Юлия Викторовна
Published: March 2019

In the context of global changes in the world community there are new threats and challenges to national security, which actualizes the study of the designated issues in the socio-political and scientific circles. National security ensures not only the protection of national interests, but also promotes necessary conditions for the development of individuals, society and State. The aim of the article is to identify the most pressing external and internal challenges of the Russian society. The empirical base of the research included the materials of the expert survey conducted by the Vologda scientific center of RAS in February 2018. Methodically work draws on the tools of the expert scenario prognostic monitoring of the «Russia 2020. Transition strategy», carried outby the Institute of sociology of RAS jointly with ZIRCON research group in July — October 2015. This made it possible to compare expert assessments in the whole country and the region. It has been revealed that among the most important internal  challenges of the country’s development, experts distinguish social inequality, the crisis of the health care system, social security, education, the decline in the level of human capital. The most acute external threats to the security of Russian society, according to experts, are the dependence of the Russian budget on oil and gas prices; Russia’s involvement in the long-term conflict in Ukraine; as well as in a new arms race.
Avaliação da saturação efetiva ar-LNAPL em solos lateriticos com distribuição multimodal de tamanho de poros
Authors: Soto Miguel Alfaro , Santos Eduardo Patricio dos , Kiang Chang Hung
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho visa avaliar a adequabilidade do modelo desenvolvido pela API (2007) na obtenção indireta de curvas de saturação efetiva para sistemas ar-LNAPL em solos de características lateríticas e com distribuição multimodal de tamanho de poros, tal como os encontrados em diferentes territórios do Brasil. Para esse objetivo, amostras de um solo típico do estado de São Paulo foram submetidas a testes para determinação das saturações efetivas de sistemas ar-água e ar-LNAPL a partir do hanging column test, bem como do papel filtro. Os resultados mostraram curvas de retenção típicas de solo com distribuição de tamanho de poros multimodal, sejam para sistemas ar-água ou ar-LNAPL. Adicionalmente, a obtenção de curvas de saturação efetiva ar-LNAPL a partir de sistemas ar-água por meio de equações foram coerentes, desde que sejam utilizados modelos de pressão capilar trimodais. Finalmente, tal como apontado por Alfaro Soto e Chang (2015), deve-se ressaltar que a modificação de modelos de previsão de volumes específicos de contaminantes para remediação em solos tropicais é necessária, devido às suas características de retenção diferenciadas.
The impact of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, proportion of independent commissioner, and intellectual capital on financial distress
Authors: Widhiadnyana I Kadek , Dwi Ratnadi Ni Made
Published: March 2019

Financial distress is a phase of the decline in the financial condition experienced by a company before the bankruptcy or liquidation occurs. One of the causes of financial distress is the companyâ€™s operating losses, caused its operating cash flow to be negative. During 2014-2016, there was 24 percent of manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) that has a negative pretax profit. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, the proportion of independent commissioner board, and intellectual capital on financial distress. The population of this research is all of manufacturing companies listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) on 2014-2016. The sample was taken using a non-probability sampling with a saturated sample technique. The numbers of samples analyzed were 423 financial reports of manufacturing companies published on IDX during 2014-2016. The analysis technique used in this research is multinomial logistic regression. It was found that managerial ownership has a negative effect on financial distress, institutional ownership has a negative effect on financial distress, proportion of independent commissioner has a positive effect on financial distress, and intellectual capital has a negative effect on financial distress.
The performance of MSMEs of Gresik based on maqasid sharia
Authors: Malik Ahmad Dahlan , Darussalam Andi Zulfikar , Trisnowati Yanuar
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the performance and activity of UMKM in Gresik, East Java from maqasid syariah side, which based on the principle of maqasid syariah can give welfare (maslahah) to society wide. Therefore, whether the performance and activities undertaken by SMEs according to the principles of maqasid syariah especially SMEs in Gresik. Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are business actors that directly touch the community so that it has a very important role in the absorption of manpower and regional income and the economy widely. Although MSMEs have fundamental problems mainly on internal and external issues such as limited capital, human resources, business network and market penetration, business climate, facilities and infrastructure, short life time product, market access, and free trade. This research was conducted in three stages. The first phase of the exploration aims to provide initial insight, research design, and test theoretical framework through pilot study and interview on UMKM Gresik. The second phase is a survey of MSME Gresik to form the basis of generalization. And the third stage is a case study on SMEs Gresik sample to explore relationships and relevant results on the performance and activities of MSMEs with maqasid sharia.
Corporate governance, intellectual capital, and performance of indonesian public company
Authors: Rahayu Sri Mangesti , Ramadhanti Wita
Published: March 2019

Two important issues for companiesâ€™ sustainability are corporate governance and intellectual capital. This research is intended to test the relation between corporate governance, intellectual capital and companiesâ€™ performance. This is a quantitative research with archival data. The data is taken from Financial Reports and Annual Reports of Indonesia Public Company during 2011-2016. Corporate governance is measure using proportion of female director and public ownership. Intellectual capital indicators are CEE (Capital Employed Efficiency) and ICE (Intellectual Capital Efficiency). Companiesâ€™ performance construct are Tobinâ€™s Q and Return on Assets (ROA) Data then analysed using Partial Least Square. The empirical results is as follows. First, Corporate Governance has positive effect on Intellectual Capital. Second, there is negative effect of Corporate Governance on Performance. Third, Intellectual capital has no effect on firmâ€™s performance. Fourth, Intellectual capital has no mediating effect to the the relation between corporate governance and companyâ€™s performance. This results are prove that Agency Theory is the better than Resources Based Theory to explain the Indonesia public companies condition.
Determinant of life insurance demand in Ethiopia
Authors: Meko Mohammed , Lemie Kenenisa , Worku Abel
Published: March 2019

Life Insurance plays an important role to insure against lifetime uncertainty resulting for the mortality risk of individual. Even though the performance of insurance industry contributes to smooth operation of the nationâ€™s economy, the industry in general and life insurance in particular is at its low level of development in Ethiopian context. This study therefore, is aimed at investigating the determinants of life insurance demand in Ethiopia. The study used balanced panel data model to examine the determinants of life insurance demand usingdata collected from four insurance companies for sixteen years, from 2001-2016. Random effect model was usedto analyze the data using STATA version 13 software. The study used life insurance density as dependent variable and seven independent variables that are income, inflation, real interest rate, life expectance, age dependence ratio, price of insurance and urbanization. The regression result show that real interest rate, life expectancies, age dependency ratio, urbanizationÂ  and inflation show positive and significant effect at 1% and 5% significance level on life insurance demand in Ethiopia, whereas GDP per capita and price of insurance has insignificant effectÂ  on life insurance demand in Ethiopia.Urbanization is the most important factor that influences demand for life insurance followed by life expectance, age dependency ratio and Inflation. Real interest rate is the least important factor in influence demand for life insurance. The concerned insurance companies are recommended to consider these factors in marketing their life insurance products.
Entrepreneurial finance: financing antecedents and SMEs performance
Authors: Rita Maria Rio , Wahyudi Sugeng
Published: March 2019

Various previous research has been conducted on the relationship between a cognitive bias and financing decisions by entrepreneurs. Besides that, it still needs to be examined whether a cognitive bias is related with SMEs performance through company finances. The purpose of this research is to test financing antecedents and SMEs performance. One kind of a creative industry, batik SMEs that are located in Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia, are the object of this research. There were 190 respondents chosen from batik entrepreneurs. The holistic testing of this empirical model used structural equation modelling (SEM) with an AMOS program. The research results found that an entrepreneurâ€™s cognitive bias has a significant positive bias towards financing. Meanwhile, entrepreneurial orientation and financing also are proven to have a significant positive influence towards SMEs performance. No entrepreneurial orientation influence was discovered towards SMEs performance. Furthermore, the output analysis revealed there is an indication of a strong relationship between a cognitive bias and entrepreneurial orientation. Therefore, this model can be revised, developed, and retested by considering the agenda of this research to enrich insights in the entrepreneurial finance sphere.
An empirical evidence of ethical climate index in rural banks from Board of Directors Perspective
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Pradesa Hafid Aditya
Published: March 2019

The existence of the common image that the management of the rural bank isÂ  not yet professional because of some unethical practices are still happening. Rural bank that is well known for Indonesian people since its target markets are mostly in the rural area. The aim of the study is to investigate what are the most important factors that are reflecting ethical climate in rural banks. The studyinvolves 153Â  directors of rural banks in Indonesia as respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess individual parameters in the model, feasibility and the statistical significance of the estimates parameter. The findings show that that ethical climate index is most reflected by collective moral sensitivity, but in contrary boards of directors in rural banks also recognize the lowest perception in this dimension. This would sense an urgency to fostering moral sensitivity among all hierarchies, from top management to the lowest levels in the rural banking.
Weak form market efficiency test of Bangladesh Stock Exchange: an empirical evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange and Chittagong Stock Exchange
Authors: Zaman Shafir
Published: March 2019

Investors need to have an idea about stock market before making investment whether the stock markets are efficient or not to take investment decision in stock market. For that reason, measurement of market efficiency of stock market bears significance to investors. Bearing it in mind, the study is undertaken to find out the existence of weak form efficiency prevails in largest stock market of Bangladesh. In order to get perfect result Parametric and Non Parametric tests were conducted of DSE & CSE for 2013 to 2017. It was found from all tests that Dhaka and Chittagong Stock exchange are not weak form efficient. Therefore, the result of the study will act as a helping hand to researchers to find out the reason of Bangladesh stock market not being weak form efficient as well as providing measurement to make the stock market weak form efficient.
Introduction. (Inter)national. Dialogues, tensions, réciprocités
Authors: Houle Vincent , Maillet Solène , Martin Guillemette
Published: March 2019

Depuis leur fondation au XIXe siècle et tout au long du XXe siècle au cours desquels ils se sont consolidés, les États-nations n'ont eu de cesse de se penser par rapport à des dynamiques internationales, impériales et transnationales de plus en plus complexes. En ce début de XXIe siècle, dans un contexte de mondialisation accélérée, les traditionnelles catégories de « national » et d’« international », à la fois concepts et réalités historiques, sont de plus en plus marquées par leur fluidité et leur porosité ; leur distinction claire et rigide semble ainsi de moins en moins résister à l'épreuve des faits.
Identité nationale et post-nationalisme en France et en Allemagne : de la théorie à la pratique
Authors: Chemeta David
Published: March 2019

En France comme en Allemagne, historiens et politologues s'accordent sur le fait que l'identité nationale reprend de l'importance, malgré les théories sur le passage à une ère post-nationale. Or, il semble que les populations issues de l'immigration, au cœur de cette tension nation/post-nation, jouent un rôle ambivalent, non pas seulement passif (autour de la manière dont ils sont considérés), mais aussi actifs, revendiquant eux-mêmes l'identité nationale ou le passage à une ère post-nationale. Il s'agit ici d'analyser d'une part l'évolution des tensions national/post-national telles qu'elles ont été discutées dans la recherche, et d'autre part de constater quel rôle ce contexte socio-politique a pu jouer sur l'identité des personnes issues de l'immigration. On analysera deux cas, la France et l'Allemagne, pour mieux distinguer les particularités, et on se concentrera sur une analyse qualitative de l'expression des identités dans le rap, considéré dans les deux pays comme une « voix des migrants » (Michael T. Putnam).
À la recherche d’une muséographie internationale dans une nation globale
Authors: Nah Ilmin
Published: March 2019

Au cours des trois dernières décennies qui les ont vus se consolider, les musées du monde entier n’ont eu de cesse de se penser par rapport à des dynamiques internationales de plus en plus complexes, qui contribuent en partie à les renouveler et les redéfinir. En Corée du Sud, l’ouverture des musées sur leur environnement international dès les années 1980 − parallèlement à la tenue des Jeux asiatiques (1986) et olympiques (1988) − a été un puissant facteur de transformation du paysage muséal. Depuis lors, les musées coréens, dont les activités et programmations étaient jusqu’ici essentiellement construites sur la base des traditions et des structures nationales, se sont progressivement mis à se renouveler et à se lancer dans une série de projets d’internationalisation, adoptant les normes « internationales » des musées. Alors que ce phénomène s’est intensifié avec le temps via un processus de mondialisation croissante, néanmoins, on ne sait finalement que peu de choses sur l’histoire et la politique des musées sud-coréens en relation avec le mouvement d’internationalisation du pays, pas plus qu’au sein de la rhétorique nationale. C’est donc sur cette question que se focalisera cet article. Centré sur le projet de construction du nouveau Musée national d’art contemporain de Corée du Sud dans la ville de Gwacheon, en banlieue sud de Séoul, dans les années 1980, l’article mettra en lumière l’interaction dynamique entre le national et l’international ayant présidé à ce projet, participant ainsi au processus symbolique d’une reconstruction imaginaire de la nation.
De la précarité du travail émotionnel du care
Authors: Sahraoui Nina
Published: March 2019

Partant d’une analyse des expériences quotidiennes de travail de soignant⋅e⋅s racialisé⋅e⋅s employé⋅e⋅s dans le secteur privé des soins aux personnes âgées à Londres, Paris et Madrid, cet article avance que, pour comprendre la précarité vécue par les soignant⋅e⋅s au quotidien et éclairer les multiples vulnérabilités que leur travail engendre, il est nécessaire de repenser la précarité au travail non plus à travers mais à partir du genre. Les apports théoriques d’une philosophie morale féministe permettent ici de faire émerger une compréhension qualitativement genrée des expériences de travail au-delà des inégalités objectivées statistiquement selon le sexe. L’article aborde tout d’abord la non reconnaissance du travail physique et l’invisibilisation du travail émotionnel au travers de l’organisation du travail dans les structures de soins privées. Sont ensuite explorées les implications genrées de l’intensification du travail dans un contexte de privatisation croissante des soins aux personnes âgées. L’article s’attache enfin à faire apparaître comment ces précarités vécues au quotidien révèlent les inégalités genrées et racialisées sur lesquels repose la reproduction sociale des sociétés occidentales contemporaines. Les élaborations théoriques de cet article sont fondées sur l’analyse de 82 entretiens avec des soignant⋅e⋅s racialisé⋅e⋅s réalisés dans le cadre d’un travail doctoral.
La précarité du travail à l'ère du néo-libéralisme avancé
Authors: Pérez Sepúlveda Sebastián
Published: March 2019

Cet article propose une analyse de la précarité du travail au Chili, un contexte reconnu pour la consolidation des transformations néolibérales. On défend l’idée que le niveau de précarité du travail dans le pays ainsi que son invisibilité comme objet de la critique collective, correspondent à un désarmement radical des sens normatifs associés au travail. L’article est organisé en trois parties, dont les deux premières sont consacrées à l’analyse des deux étapes du désarmement normatif de l’idée du travail. La troisième partie présente un portrait contemporain du travail précaire dans ce contexte national.
Maurice Godelier – Suivre Jésus et faire du business, une petite société tribale dans la mondialisation
Authors: Premat Christophe
Published: March 2019

« [Les humains] produisent de nouvelles formes d’existence sociale, donc de sociétés, pour continuer à vivre. Et en transformant leurs manières de vivre, ils transforment leurs manières de penser et d’agir, donc leur culture », écrivait Maurice Godelier (2009 : 10) lorsqu’il analysait les relations entre communauté, société, culture et identité.
Pierre Rosanvallon – Le bon gouvernement
Authors: Dilmaç Julie Alev
Published: March 2019

« Nos régimes peuvent être dits démocratiques, mais nous ne sommes pas gouvernés démocratiquement » (p. 9). Tel est le postulat que Pierre Rosanvallon tente de démontrer tout au long de son nouvel ouvrage, Le bon gouvernement.
Célia Gissinger-Bosse – Être juré populaire en cour d'assises
Authors: Jacquet Vincent
Published: March 2019

Devenir, être et avoir été juré d’assises. C’est ce triple objet d’étude que Célia Gissinger-Bosse se propose d’examiner dans cet ouvrage issu de sa thèse de doctorat en sciences de l'information et de la communication. Elle invite à suivre au plus près le parcours de citoyens amenés à exercer cette fonction singulière.
KAJIAN PENERAPAN PRINSIP DESAIN UNIVERSAL PADA MUSEUM STUDI KASUS: MUSEUM GEOLOGI BANDUNG
Authors: Indriastjario Indriastjario , Naima Sani Puspaning , Wijayanti Wijayanti
Published: March 2019

Bandung is one of the main tourist destinations in Indonesia. The city has many pull factors for visitors. Since 2014, the city of Bandung has done many improvements in various places such as making thematic parks, improving it's town square, etc. This affects the development of tourism in Bandung. So far, design concept of tourism in Indonesia has not been design for disabled people, or people with special needs even though tourism is a right for everyone. Friendly tourism for people with disabilities will be able to provide facilities and accessibility for everyone with different needs and characteristics. This study aims to find out to what extent tourism management can provide facilities and accessibilities for disabled people and the extent to which the application of universal design principles is applied to the building. The inspection method used is an applied research using quantitative descriptive approach to collect data. Data collected is analyzed by using guidelines from No.30/PRT/M/2006 under regulations by Ministry of Public Works, and Smithsonian Guidelines for Accessible Exhibition Design..
The changing face of scientific practice – seeing things virtually
Authors: Pompe-Alama Ulrike Susanne
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this essay is to summarize and critically evaluate the epistemological and pragmatic questions with regard to computer simulations as a new technological-scientific format as put forth in current philosophical debates. Computer simulation practices are situated in the broader context of model-building practices and experimentation; the scope and limits of knowledge generated by computer simulations are considered.
Monopoly, Heterogeneous Beliefs and Imperfect Information: The Insurance Market
Authors: Ogaku Michiko
Published: March 2019

This paper questions how heterogeneity of beliefs about the probability of loss affects equilibrium insurance contracts, firm behavior, and welfare focusing especially on the effect of optimism when a monotonicity property, which is a major assumption of prior work, is violated. This paper shows that optimistic individuals could result in insurance driving out individuals who exert effort, if the fraction of such optimistic individuals is significantly large. In addition, this paper shows that optimism could have negative effects on profits of the firm even though both parties realize the asymmetry in beliefs. These results are not only consistent with empirical evidence from several insurance markets on correlation of risk and coverage, but also simply align themselves with empirical evidence on the tendencies of people to be unrealistically optimistic.