bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remaining Dentine Thickness Following Tooth Preparation And its Impact on Dentine – Pulp Complex
Authors: Berani Rudina , Sveqla Merita
Published: February 2019

There are many factors accused of causing pulpal damage, but studies indicate that endodontic complications after placement of fixed prosthetic crowns and bridges are entirely iatrogenic and as a consequence of a deep tooth preparation. In 2mm of the remaining dentine thickness after preparation, there are significant reductions in cellular cell adhesion molecules in the pulp of the prepared tooth data compared to those intact. Researchers confirm that even this decline may be an expression of early stages of pulp inflammation. According to Murray & co, the number of odontoblasts in a dentine thickness of 2.5-0.5mm, was reduced by 13.6%; in a dentine thickness of 0.5-0.01mm, this number was reduced by 33.7%, and in pulp exposure the number of odontoblasts was reduced by 99%. Also, I. Abouta and his associates concluded that the number of odontoblasts and dentine repair activity was mostly affected by tooth preparation (cavity preparation/tooth preparation for crowns) variables rather than the type of filling, material, or patient related factors (age, gender). To inform the dentists’ community with the latest studies and recommendations which raises awareness of the effect that the remaining dentine thickness after tooth preparation, has on the pulp vitality. Studies suggest that clinicists should aim for conservative tooth preparation in order to preserve the vitality of the pulp. The number of odontoblasts and the amount of reparative dentine is disproportional to the amount of dentine removed during the tooth preparation. The remaining dentine thickness in the cavity/tooth has a huge impact on the pulp vitality, and during restoration procedures a dentine thickness of 0.5mm or more than necessary to avoid an irreversible damage of the pulp.
Exploration of Housing Evolution in Tirana During the Years 1929-1943
Authors: Hoxha Oketa , Nepravishta Florian , Tola(Panariti) Ani
Published: February 2019

This paper traces the evolution of housing typologies, focusing in Tirana, Albania. The study reviews the fundamentals of housing throughout the two historical periods, 1929-1932 and 1939-1943. The housing projects analysed are designed mostly by Austrian and Italian architects. The methodological approach is based on reviewing a number of case studies starting from one-family house to multi-family housing typology. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the process of transformation and development of housing based on the typologies, functionality, and occupancy. Also, particular elements of asthetics are analyzed and compared. This study highlights that the improvement of living conditions happened because of a better design and situation of housing in anurban context.
The effect of elevated temperature on the lightweight concrete containing waste PET aggregate
Authors: Akçaözoğlu Semiha
Published: February 2019

In this study, the effect of waste PET as lightweight aggregate (WPLA) replacement with conventional aggregate on the some physical and mechanical properties and residual compressive strength of concrete was investigated. For this purpose, five different mixtures were prepared (the reference mixture and four WPLA mixtures including 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% waste PET aggregate by volume). The fresh and dry unit weights, compressive strengths, flexural-tensile strengths, water absorption and porosity ratios of the mixtures were measured. In addition the specimens exposed to elevated temperatures at 150, 300 and 450 °C and the residual compressive strengths were measured. Test results indicated that the unit weight, compressive strength and flexural-tensile strength of the specimens decreased as the amount of WPLA increased in concrete. After exposing to elevated temperature, WPLA mixtures retained their structural integrity and compressive strengths at 150 °C and 300 °C. However there was a significant decrease in the residual compressive strength values of WPLA mixtures at 450 °C.
Transferencia de tecnología desde la Escuela Politécnica Nacional hacia las pequeñas y medianas empresas de Quito
Authors: Franco-Crespo Antonio , Ramos Valentina , Alomoto Nelson , Velasco Kenya
Published: February 2019

La Escuela Politécnica Nacional es una universidad reconocida en el Ecuador por su capacidad de generación de ciencia y tecnología, lo cual es consistente con los objetivos nacionales de migrar hacia una economía del conocimiento. Sin embargo, la creación de conocimiento es un proceso incompleto si este no es transmitido a sus pares, o sirve como aporte a un problema de la sociedad. El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender el estado de la transferencia de tecnología de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional hacia el sector de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYMES) de Quito, lo que permitirá cerrar el ciclo, fortaleciendo el aporte de las universidades hacia la sociedad. La metodología escogida fue de enfoque mixto, cuantitativo y cualitativo. Los resultados de esta pesquisa permitieron conocer el estado de la transferencia tecnológica desde la Escuela Politécnica Nacional hacia el sector de alimentos de las PYMES de Quito. La evidencia demuestra los requerimientos de colaboración de las PYMES con las universidades, la frágil relación entre ambos sectores, y la necesidad de fortalecer la confianza, como factor fundamental de procesos colaborativos futuros.
AN ANALYSIS OF OEDIPUS COMPLEX OF MICHAEL BERG IN THE READER MOVIE
Authors: Megah Suswanto Ismadi
Published: February 2019

A This study analyzed of psycho-analysis, particularly the Oedipus complex problem faced by  the main character named  Michael Berg in the film The Reader based on  The characteristics of Oedipus Complex theory. This study employed a descriptive qualitative .The data obtained from the transcript of subtitle of the movie “ The Reader “ movie  as primary data. In addition,  secondary data was  from paper, books, article. The data collection in this study was completely done through  watching, giving marks and categorizing the data before do the analysis from the dialogue, situation who delivered in the movie which becomes the main data in this study. The result of the analysis this study show that the main character in “ The Reader” movie has the Oedipus complex’s characteristics. Based on the analysis in this study why main character loved older woman duet his closed relationship his mother which cuased gap with his father. Te old woman was a reflection of his mother.
EFEKTIFITAS PENDEKATAN CTL DAN PBL DENGAN SETTING KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Arif , Agustyaningrum Nina
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pendekatan CTL dan PBL dengan setting kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions) ditinjau dari kemampuan literasi matematis siswa SMP Negeri 4 Batam. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian quasi experiment dengan Nonequivalent Control-Group Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 4 Batam kelas VIII, dengan sampel siswa kelas VIII D dan kelas VIII E. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan literasi matematis. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t satu sampel untuk hipotesis 1 dan 2 serta uji-t polled varians untuk hipotesis 3 dengan taraf keyakinan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pendekatan CTL dengan setting Kooperatif tipe STAD efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan literasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Batam, (2) Pendekatan PBL dengan setting Kooperatif tipe STAD efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan literasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Batam, dan (3) Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas antara pendekatan CTL dan PBL dengan setting Kooperatif tipe STAD ditinjau dari kemampuan literasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Batam.Kata Kunci: Pendekatan CTL, Pendekatan PBL, Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD), Kemampuan literasi matematis
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DAN THE POWER OF TWO (TPT) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 10 BATAM
Authors: Yaniwati Astri , Husna Asmaul
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini berdasarkan kurangnya keaktifan serta interaksi siswa selama pembelajaran serta hasil belajar matematika siswa yang masih dibawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). TPS dan TPT merupakan alternatif strategi pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam belajar yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS dan tipe TPT serta perbedaan efektivitas pembelajaran menggunakan model TPS dengan tipe TPT terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMPN 10 Batam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain the nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 10 Batam Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling, diperoleh kelas VIII.2 menggunakan model pembelajaran TPS dan kelas VIII.3 menggunakan model pembelajaran TPT. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar matematika. Pengujian hipotesis 1 dan 2 menggunakan one sample t-test dan hipotesis 3 menggunakan independent samples test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS efektif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMPN 10 Batam, (2) Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPT efektif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMPN 10 Batam, (3) Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas pembelajaran menggunakan model TPS dengan tipe TPT terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMPN 10 Batam.
UJI RATA-RATA SATU SAMPEL MENGGUNAKAN R UNTUK MENGETAHUI PENGARUH MODEL BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATA KULIAH ANALISIS VEKTOR
Authors: Hermansah Hermansah
Published: February 2019

Dalam jurnal ini dijelaskan tentang uji rata-rata satu sampel menggunakan R untuk mengetahui pengaruh model belajar terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah analisis vektor. Tujuan diharapkan dapat mengetahui metode inferensi untuk rata-rata satu populasi berdistribusi sembarang, maupun sampel berasal dari populasi berdistribusi normal dan dapat melakukan komputasi inferensi rata-rata satu populasi menggunakan R. One sample t test merupakan salah satu uji parametrik. Biasanya digunakan untuk ukuran sampel dibawah 30. Syaratnya adalah data berupa kuantitatif dan memiliki distribusi normal. Pengujian satu sampel pada prinsipnya ingin menguji apakah suatu nilai tertentu yang digunakan sebagai pembanding berbeda secara nyata ataukah tidak dengan rata-rata sebuah sampel. Nilai tertentu disini pada umumnya adalah sebuah nilai parameter untuk mengukur suatu populasi.Kata kunci: Uji Rata-rata Satu Sampel, Distribusi Sembarang, Distribusi Normal, dan One Sample t Test.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AIR (AUDITORY, INTELECTUALLY, AND REPETITION) DAN PROBING-PROMPTING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VII MTS BATAMIYAH
Authors: Gustriyana Gustriyana , Amelia Fitrah
Published: February 2019

Abstrak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang diberi perlakuan model pembelajaran Auditory, Intelectually and Repetition (AIR) dengan model pembelajaran Probing-prompting. (2) Perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang memiliki tingkat kecemasan pada tes matematika panik, berat, sedang dan ringan. (3) Interaksi antara model pembelajaran (AIR dan Probing-prompting) dengan kecemasan siswa pada tes matematika siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental semu dengan desain faktorial 2 4. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa MTs Batamiyah tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu teknik sampling jenuh. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak dua kelas. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket kecemasan pada tes matematika dan tes hasil belajar matematika. Uji prasyarat meliputi uji normalitas menggunakan metode kolmogorov smirnov dan uji homogenitas menggunakan metode Bartlett. Dengan  diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa sampel berasal dari populasi yang berdistribusi normal dan mempunyai variansi yang homogen. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis variansi dua jalan dengan sel tak sama. Hasil penelitian diperoleh: (1) Model pembelajaran Auditory, Intelectually and Repetition (AIR) menghasilkan hasil belajar lebih baik dari pada model pembelajaran Probing-prompting. (2) Perbedaan tingkat kecemasan pada tes matematika tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar. (3) Tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran (AIR dan Probing-prompting) dengan kecemasan pada tes matematika siswa.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MISSOURI MATHEMATICS PROJECT (MMP) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP
Authors: Ummah Amanatul , Sari Riska Novia
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Efektivitas model pembelajaran MMP terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis, (2) Efektivitas model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis, (3) Perbedaan keefektifan model pembelajaran MMP dengan model pembelajaran konvensional terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian The Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP IT Nurul Muhajirin Batam Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Model pembelajaran MMP efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan komunikasi matematis, (2) Model pembelajaran konvensional tidak efektif ditinjau dari kemampuan komunikasi matematis, (3) Terdapat perbedaan keefektifan model pembelajaran MMP dengan pembelajaran konvensional ditinjau dari kemampuan komunikasi matematis.Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran MMP, Model Pembelajaran Konvensional, Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis
HUBUNGAN ANTARA MOTIVASI DAN GAYA BELAJAR TERHADAP IP MAHASISWA PEKERJA PRODI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA UNRIKA TAHUN 2016/2017
Authors: Shilaturahmi Shilaturahmi , Yusnita Yessy
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Hubungan antara Motivasi terhadap nilai Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Pekerja. (2) Hubungan antara Gaya Belajar terhadap nilai Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Pekerja. (3) Hubungan antara Motivasi dan Gaya Belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap nilai Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Pekerja. Jenis penelitian adalah korelasional. Populasi merupakan mahasiswa pekerja di Prodi Matematika Semester IV Universitas Riau Kepulauan Batam tahun 2016/2017 Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik sampling jenuh. Sampel sebanyak 31 mahasiswa pekerja. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket tertutup. Uji validitas instrumen menggunakan Pearson/Product Moment dan uji realibilitas menggunakan Alpha Cronbach. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara motivasi dan nilai indeks prestasi mahasiswa pekerja dengan nilai korelasi 0,514 (2) Terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara gaya belajar dan nilai indeks prestasi mahasiswa pekerja dengan nilai korelasi 0,489 (3) Terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara Motivasi dan Gaya Belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap nilai Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Pekerja dengan nilai korelasi 0,532.
ANALISIS PROSES BERPIKIR SISWA SMP DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH ALJABAR DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF
Authors: Rosdiana Rina , Agustiani Nur , Nurcahyono Novi Andri
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini dapat menjelaskan proses berpikir siswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif Bidang Kemandirian dan Ketrampilan dalam memecahkan masalah aljabar, termasuk dalam penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan Tes Kelompok Tertanam Angka Uji untuk dapat mengelompokkan gaya kognitif siswa dan menentukan subjek yang kemudian dipilih berdasarkan siswa yang memiliki komunikasi yang sangat baik, memberikan jawaban masalah aljabar, dan wawancara dengan subjek tes penyelesaian masalah matematika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang memiliki gaya kognitif Bidang Kemandirian dapat mengatakan sangat lengkap tentang itu dan proses akhir. Pada fase masuknya bagian tahu, mau dan perkenalkan,Teknik pengukuran dan kebutuhan untuk dan fase hanya menggunakan aspek-aspek, dan merefleksikan, dan juga menggunakan fase-fase yang dapat digunakan dan tidak hanya fase-fase. Pada siswa yang berorientasi gaya kognitif Ketergantungan Lapangan hanya menggunakan fase-fase yang dikenal, yang ingin dan perkenalkan dan fase penyerangan hanya meliputi aspek-aspek yang dicoba, sedangkan pada fase-fase yang ingin diketahui dan dilakukan pada satu masalah dan tidak mengimitasi fase masa baik fase penyerangan maupun pemeriksaan fase. Sedangkan pada subjek hanya saja yang menggunakan tahapan yang ingin tahu, mau dan kenalkan dan fase penanggulangan hanya mengambil aspek yang mencoba tidak melakukan tahapan review.Pada siswa yang berorientasi gaya kognitif Ketergantungan Lapangan hanya menggunakan fase-fase yang dikenal, yang ingin dan perkenalkan dan fase penyerangan hanya meliputi aspek-aspek yang dicoba, sedangkan pada fase-fase yang ingin diketahui dan dilakukan pada satu masalah dan tidak mengimitasi fase masa baik fase penyerangan maupun pemeriksaan fase. Sedangkan pada subjek hanya saja yang menggunakan tahapan yang ingin tahu, mau dan kenalkan dan fase penanggulangan hanya mengambil aspek yang mencoba tidak melakukan tahapan review.Pada siswa yang berorientasi gaya kognitif Ketergantungan Lapangan hanya menggunakan fase-fase yang dikenal, yang ingin dan perkenalkan dan fase penyerangan hanya meliputi aspek-aspek yang dicoba, sedangkan pada fase-fase yang ingin diketahui dan dilakukan pada satu masalah dan tidak mengimitasi fase masa baik fase penyerangan maupun pemeriksaan fase.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA BERDASARKAN LANGKAH IDEAL PROBLEM SOLVING
Authors: Indriyani Fitri , Nurcahyono Novi Andri , Agustiani Nur
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMP kelas VII berdasarkan langkah IDEAL.Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Penentuan subjek menggunakan teknik purposive sampling didapat 3 siswa yang dijadikan subjek sesuai kemampuan pemecahnya yaitu kemampuan tinggi (S14), sedang (S9) dan rendah (S21). Instrumen penelitian berupa tes dan wawancara. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan subjek berkemampuan tinggi dapat melewati semua langkah pemecahan, hanya saja masih terkendala pada melaksanakan strategi terdapat kesalahan dalam operasi. Subjek sedang masih kesulitan dalam menuliskan informasi akan tetapi mengerti permasalahan, subjek hanya memiliki strategi yang tepat untuk 1 soal aja, subjek masih kurang dalam mengkaji hasil. Subjek berkemampuan rendah hanya mengerti permasalahan dan mengetahui infotmasi tanpa mempunyai strategi untuk menyelesaikannya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMP kelas VII berdasarkan langkah IDEAL. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Penentuan subjek menggunakan teknik purposive sampling didapat 3 siswa yang dijadikan subjek sesuai kemampuan pemecahnya yaitu kemampuan tinggi (S14), sedang (S9) dan rendah (S21). Instrumen penelitian berupa tes dan wawancara. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan subjek berkemampuan tinggi dapat melewati semua langkah pemecahan, hanya saja masih terkendala pada melaksanakan strategi terdapat kesalahan dalam operasi. Subjek sedang masih kesulitan dalam menuliskan informasi akan tetapi mengerti permasalahan, subjek hanya memiliki strategi yang tepat untuk 1 soal aja, subjek masih kurang dalam mengkaji hasil. Subjek berkemampuan rendah hanya mengerti permasalahan dan mengetahui infotmasi tanpa mempunyai strategi untuk menyelesaikannya.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Ayu Gina , Gusmania Yesi
Published: February 2019

Abstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Pengaruh model pembelajaran Tipe Team Assisted Individualization terhadap hasil belajar matematika, (2) Pengaruh model pembelajaran Konvensional terhadap hasil belajar matematika, (3) Perbedaan pengaruh model pembelajaran Tipe Team Assisted Individualization dengan model pembelajaran Konvensional terhadap hasil belajar matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimental dengan desain Non-equivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh Siswa Kelas XI SMK Widya 2 Batam tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 dengan jumlah 34 siswa. Teknik pengampilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik  Sampling Jenuh. Data diperoleh dengan instrumen yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah one sample t test dan independen sample test. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) Terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization terhadap hasil belajar, hal ini terlihat dari () (3,0962,093) (2) Tidak terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Konvensional terhadap hasil belajar, hal ini terlihat dari () (1,844 2,160), (3) Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Assisted Individualzation denganmodel pembelajaran konvensionalterhadap hasil belajar Matematika( = 3,385 = 2,037)Kata Kunci :Team Assisted Individualization, Hasil Belajar. Abstract. This research intent to know: (1) influence of learning model of Team Assisted Individualization to mathematics learning result, (2) the influence of conventional learning model on mathrmatics learning autcomes, (3) differences in Team Assisted Individualization learning model with conventional learning model on mathrmatics learning autcomes. The type of this research was quasi experimental research with Non-equivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The population in this research is all of students at eleventh grade students of SMK Widya 2 Batam in 2018/2019 academic year with two classes that total 34. The techniqeue of collecting sample used sampling jenuh. The data obtained used instrument test has tested validity and reliability. The data analysis used one simple t test and independent samles test. The finding results showed: (1) there are influence of Team Assisted Individualization learning model on learning outcomes, this is seen () (3,0962,093) (2) there is no conventional learning model on the learning outcomes, this is seen () (1,844 2,160) (3) there are differences in the influence of Team Assisted Individualization learning model with the conventional learning midel on mathematics learning outcomes ( = 3,385 = 2,037) Kata Kunci :Team Assisted Individualization, Learning Outcomes.
Radiculopathy and radicular vertebrogenic syndromes
Authors: Svyrydova N.K. , Chuprina H.N. , Parnykoza T.P. , Sereda V.H. , Kustkova A.S.
Published: February 2019

While neurological manifestations of osteochondrosis account for 60 to 70% of all diseases of the peripheral nervous system, vertebral radiculopathy make up 8 to 10% of other osteochondrosis complications. This often result in temporary and even permanent disability. There are three basic types of pain syndromes: somatogenic (nociceptive pain); neurogenic (neuropathic pain); psychogenic (psychogenic pain). The article provides clinical classification of vertebrogenic diseases of the peripheral nervous system and factors of vertebrogenic pain caused by degenerative changes of the spine. We have presented a quantitative and qualitative assessment of pain, special neurological and general neuroorthopedical methods of examination of patients with vertebral pain. Analyzed the clinical characteristics of muscle-tonic and dystrophic lesions of muscles and given differential diagnosis. For acute pain, treatment algorithms are suggested for vertebrogenic disease and radiculopathy, indicated possible side effects and complications.
Features of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with recurrent stroke
Authors: Lipko V.
Published: February 2019

We have conducted an analyzed the data of MRI lesion localization of 100 patients: 30 were patients with recurrent strokes, 35 patients with first ischemic stroke; 35 patients with discirculatory encephalopathy of mixed origin. The data were obtained from 1¬1,5T MRI tomography. We evaluated the location of cerebral atrophy changes, lacunar infarctions, the nidi of acute stroke and the localization of postischemic lesions among the tested patients. We have discovered that with the progression of the disease overall cerebral changes progress significantly. The localization of lacunar infarcts significantly (p <0.05) follows the location of lesions of gliosis and leukoaraiosis. The frequency distribution of acute ischemic lesions corresponds to the location postishemic changes.
Efficiency of poststroke cognitive impairments complex treatment
Authors: Nedoluga V.A.
Published: February 2019

Cognitive impairments are frequent outcome of stroke. Nowadays drug treatment of cognitive impairments is not effective enough. The purpose of the study was to improve treatment of poststroke cognitive impairments by complex use of drug treatment and frequency-modulative magnetolaser therapy. Mini-mental state examination, Luria memory words test, Frontal assessment battery, Shultz tables, Clock drawing test were used to estimate cognitive functions. 40 patients were examined with consequences of ischemic stroke Patients were divided in two groups. The first 20 patients (basic group) were treated with drug and frequency-modulative magnetolaser therapy. The other 20 patients (control group) were prescribed drug treatment. Improvement of memory and executive functions of patients with vertebrobasilar and carotid stroke were revealed after complex treatment. It was found, that in the control group only memory improved in patients with vertebrobasilar stroke. Obtained data proved the expediency of frequency-modulative magnetolaser therapy application in the complex treatment of cognitive impairments in patients with consequences of ischemic stroke.
Integrated treatment of stroke
Authors: Svyrydova N.K. , Lubenets A.S. , Popov A.V. , Pavlyuk N.P. , Usovych K.M. , Svystun V.Y.
Published: February 2019

Stroke is the second single most common cause of death in the world. Almost 1 in 8 (11.9%) deaths worldwide is caused by stroke. Disability and premature deaths caused by stroke is set to double worldwide by 2030. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by the sudden loss of blood circulation to an area of the brain, resulting in a corresponding loss of neurologic function. Among the major risk factors for stroke are most common: hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, patent foramen ovale, high cholesterol, sickle cell anemia, smoking, alcohol. Strokes can be divided into 2 types: hemorrhagic or ischemic. Each of these categories can be divided into subtypes that have somewhat different causes, clinical pictures, clinical courses, outcomes, and treatment strategies. Acute ischemic stroke is caused by thrombotic or embolic occlusion of a cerebral artery. Stroke is not only a medical problem, but also social and economic. Stroke is the largest cause of complex disability half of all stroke survivors are left with a disability. The greatest phase of recovery is usually within the first days and weeks after stroke, therefore, treatment and rehabilitation should be carried out from the first minute confirmation of the diagnosis.
How reduce the risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack?
Authors: Svyredova N.K.
Published: February 2019

Microinfarction brain - small ischemic hearth to 5 mm in diameter typical for incomplete infarction (reduced number of neurons, axons, gliosis) and can be localized in both the cortex and subcortical structures. Micro- infarction may be associated with arteriolosklerozom, atherosclerosis large brain arteries, mikroembolii. The defeat of major cerebral vessels, which is the main cause of atherosclerosis, leads to larger (regional) cortical or subcortical infarcts and more often the cause of strokes. Recent studies demonstrated the development of severe endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation during the first week of ischemic stroke . Endothelial dysfunction was observed in all patients with stroke and was associated with progression of the clinical severity of stroke. Vascular instability and pro-coagulating activity continued in the first days after acute stroke and patients with increased risk of recurrent vascular events during the 1st week. It is important for patients with acute ischemic stroke, which brought severe endothelial dysfunction within the first 24 hours of hospitalization, and which progressively increases during the 1st week of hospitalization, despite a possible general trend of improvement of the clinical picture, can recommend at this time drugs that affect this negative process.
The condition of the acute cerebral circulation for the ischemic type: clinical cause
Authors: Svyrydova N.K. , Ponomarenko Y.V. , Ingula N.І. , Bieliakova І.М. , Ruda N.R.
Published: February 2019

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) – represent between 30 percent to 50 percent of all cardiovascular system’s diseases, and account 110 thousands of new stroke cases every year in Ukraine, death rate during first 30 days is 30-40 % and 50 % during 1st year. Primary stroke morbidity is higher in 1.5-2 times than world’s average. The most significant risk factors of stroke are hypertension, heart diseases (coronary artery disease, heart rhythm disorders), transient ischemic attack in anamnesis, diabetes, atherosclerosis (dyslipidemia). According conducted researches it is proven, that level of systolic blood pressure correlates with decreased risk of stroke in patients with hypertension. This article describes a case from clinical practice – management of patient with acute ischemic stroke. The attention is focused on the methods of examination, basic treatment strategy and rehabilitation of patient with this pathology.
Науково-практична конференція з міжнародною участю «Неврологічні читання (V) пам’яті Панченка Д.І.»
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: February 2019

Програма конференції була складена відповідно до тематики НДР кафедри неврології і рефлексотерапії НМАПО імені П.Л. Шупика «Профілактика, діагностика, комплексне лікування та реабілітація захворювань нервової системи з використанням методів рефлексотерапії»: в ній були широко представлені доповіді а також стендові доповіді стосовно питань діагностики та лікування, а також реабілітації найактуальніших неврологічних захворювань, в тому числі таких, що супроводжуються больовим синдромом, а також кардіологічної патології, психічних розладів, захворювань щитовидної залози, ЛОР- органів.
New features dorsalgia therapy associated with muscle spasm
Authors: Svyrydova N.
Published: February 2019

Dorsalgia associated with muscle spasm - a multidisciplinary problem that requires immediate pain therapy, regardless of etiology. The aim of this approach is the relief of pain and improved the patient's quality of life, prevention of chronic pain in the long term. The special place in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain takes flupirtine has complex effects that can be successfully used in patients with this disorder. The analgesic effect of flupirtine and the ability to normalize the increased muscle tone you can use it for the purpose of immediate analgesia for pain associated with muscle spasm. Additional ability to prevent chronic pain at the level of biochemical and electrochemical cell processes is an argument for the inclusion of flupirtine in the treatment regimen of pain as an essential component.
Diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis in patients with headaches in accordance with International Classification of Headache Disorders (Translation Section «Clinical Neurology», 4th Edition (2014), T.J. Fowler,John W. Scadding,Nick Losseff, J.W.S
Authors: Fiedash-Kirsanov А.
Published: February 2019

One of the most important distinctions of neurology patient’s interview is asking pertinent questions and complex analysis of the information received. It is known that in some cases diagnosis depends wholly on the history, clarifying questions helps us in diagnostics. International classification of headache disorders enables better understanding of headache, which is one of the most common complaints encountered in primary care, and doubtless is the most common symptom of patients attending the neurologist. Referring to the Classification the review is trying to discover some of the distinctive features of the different types of headaches.
Migraine: features of the principally of treatment
Authors: Svystun V. , Cherednichenko T. , Drigant L. , Parnikosa T. , Sereda V. , Khanenko N.
Published: February 2019

The questions of relevance, the prevalence of migraine are recommendations for the treatment of migraine, founded on the principles of evidence-based medicine. The effectiveness of the recommended therapies, including the use of triptans, confirmed by large placebo-controlled trials. Due to the fact that the number of patients with migraine growing diagnosis of migraine attacks, treatment selection, in accordance with international recommendations will help facilitate this type of headache.
Diabetic neuropathy and risk of diabetic foot syndrome during implementation of the national protocol in management of diabetes
Authors: Tkachenko V.
Published: February 2019

The implementation of unified clinical protocol (UCP) has set a target to primary care physicians (PCP) to identify the diabetic neuropathy and angiopathy, screening the risk of diabetic foot syndrome and its prevention. The aim of our research - to determine the frequency of diabetic neuropathy, the risk of diabetic foot syndrome and level of type 2 diabetes control in patients of Kyiv region in terms of implementation of new clinical protocol in type 2 diabetes management. Materials and methods. The reports of health establishments of Kiev region were analyzed and 173 patients with type 2 diabetes were examined (aged 55,13 ± 0,61 years): group 1 - observed by PCP (n=45), group 2 - by endocrinologists (n=128). Patients examination included laboratory tests of diabetes control and evaluation of the lower limbs by Neuropathy Disability Score and determination the "ankle-shoulder" index with the portable Doppler. Statistical analysis - Excel 2007, SPSS, Statistica 6.0. Results. Despite treatment, the average levels of blood glucose, HbA1c, lipidogramme exceeded target levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, indicating their lack of control. In this regard, at 7-9 years of the disease in 19.65% of patients were founeded signs of severe and in 36.42% - moderate diabetic neuropathy of the lower limbs and in 15.03% of patients - occlusion, leading to the development of diabetic foot syndrome in 9.82% of patients, and 70.52% of the patients had moderate (44.51%) or high (26.01%) risk of its development. The differences between patients of PCP and endocrinologists were not found. However, the significant decrease of neuropathy and angiopathy of lower limbs in patients with type 2 diabetes in the Kiev region and reducing the number of amputations for 2012-2014 demonstrates the positive effect of the implementation of UCP. Conclusion. The frequency of diabetic neuropathy and angiopathy of lower limbs, the number of amputations in Kiev region decreased, that indicates a positive effect of implementation of UCP, but the risk of diabetic foot syndrome in patients remains high due to inadequate control of type 2 diabetes by patients and PC physicians and specialists that require optimization.
Features of treatment of asthenic-neurotic syndrome and sleep disorders in patients with chronic cerebrovascular accident
Authors: Svyrydova N. , Parnikosa T. , Sereda V. , Kucheieva I. , Ingula N.
Published: February 2019

Asthenic syndrome can be regarded as pathologically modified version of the adaptation of the nervous system in response to physical and mental strain, exogenous or endogenous intoxication, vascular disorders. Of particular importance in recent years given asthenic syndrome and limits of neuroses, the need for complex drug therapy in the treatment of asthenic-neurotic states. In view of the fact that the leading element of the pathogenesis of asthenic syndrome are disorders of the central nervous system, the main tool of pharmacological correction in this situation should be considered a comprehensive approach neurotropic action.
Features of diagnosis of cognitive disorders in patients with chronic brain ischemia
Authors: Pavliuk N.P.
Published: February 2019

One of the major problems in modern health care are cerebrovascular disease, which occupy a leading place in the structure of mortality and disability in the population. Among the many clinical features of chronic ischemia of the brain is a key manifestation of cognitive impairment that often determine the severity of condition and quality of life of the patient and his relatives. Diagnosis of cognitive impairment is very important, as the timely appointment of therapy may prevent or at least delay the development of dementia.
Syringomyelia: pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment (clinical lecture)
Authors: Khanenko N. , Parnikosa T. , Sulik R. , Sereda V. , Drigant L. , Cherednichenko Т. , Svystun V. , Khomenko T.
Published: February 2019

The modern understanding about aetiopathogenesis of syringomyelia, its classification are enlighted in this article. The characteristics of clinical progression depending on the forms of the diseases, differential diagnosis are described. The authors pay their attention to the current approaches to a therapy of syringomyelia, described prognosis for the disease, touch upon the points of working capacity examination.
Journal club. Cerebrovascular diseases: morbidity, mortality, risk factors, diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Trufanov Y. , Svyrydova N. , Parnikoza T. , Dovgiy I. , Chupryna G. , Sulik R. , Sereda V. , Khanenko N. , Cherednichenko T. , Mykytei O. , Kravchuk N. , Ingula N. , Fedash-Kirsanov А. , Kucheieva I. , Svystun V.
Published: February 2019

A journal club is educational event where individuals meet regularly to critically evaluate recent articles in the scientific literature, generally any branch of science. Every participant of a journal club can take part in the debate and discussion. Journal clubs help people to learn and improve their critical appraisal skills and the ability to apply new knowledge [Esisi M., 2007; Swift G., 2004; Milbrandt E.B., Vincent J.L., 2004].

 Journal clubs have often been cited as a bridge between research and practice [Kleinpell R.M., 2002]. Participants often differ widely in experience, knowledge and skills. An important role in this event plays a leader or chairman of a journal club [Esisi M., 2007]. One of these leaders in the field of neurology is the Head of the Department of Neurology and Reflexology, Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Prof. Natalia Svyrydova, who organized the first neurological journal club in Ukraine, which took place in the department of Neurology and Reflexology on June 30, 2016. Several modern European and American neurological articles were presented at the journal club. We present three articles related to cerebrovascular diseases:

Fisher S. Primer on Diagnoses and Treatment of Symptomatic Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension. East European Journal of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders. 2015;1(1):45-53.

Jolink WM, Klijn CJ, Brouwers PJ et al. Time trends in incidence, case fatality, and mortality of intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2015;85(15):1318-1324.

Shah RS, Cole JW. Smoking and stroke: the more you smoke the more you stroke. Expert review of cardiovascular therapy. 2010;8(7);917-932.

The journal club aroused great interest among practicing neurologists and staff of the Department of Neurology and Reflexology. Considering the popularity of the journal club, it was decided to hold this event on a regular basis.
Modern aspects of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of back pain
Authors: Svyrydovа N. , Petrenko M.
Published: February 2019

Chronic lower back pain (LBP) is the most widespread in the world cause of disability. The number of people suffering from this disease increases every year, making it a serious socioeconomic problem. The article deals with the latest information on BNS explain the mechanisms that are based on the interaction of mechanical, biological and chemical effects on the intervertebral disc (IVD). Proved that increased innervation degenerative IVD is one of the main components of pain in degenerative processes in IVD. There is a hypothesis that the reorganization of internal and external communications of certain areas of the hippocampus plays a role in the transition from pain subacute to chronic stage that was found in the investigated with chronic back pain using functional MRI. The modern treatment strategy LBP using mesenchymal stem cells. Restoration number of healthy cells in IVD leads to normalization of intercellular matrix and normalization of the morphology of the disc. LBP increases in inflammation of the lumbar spinal root ganglion as a result of immune response to the pathological process in the nucleus pulposus. In this situation, the use of corticosteroids in combination with a mineralocorticoid receptor blockers are an effective treatment for LBP. The article describes a method low wave laser therapy and its main operating principles that are widely used today to treat pain caused by disorders of the musculoskeletal system.
The impact of trofin in receptor structures on the inner ear of guinea pigs
Authors: Timen G. , Golod A. , Rudenka K.
Published: February 2019

In recent years, more attention is paid to coarse dispersion, which includes neurotrophic factors. These coarse dispersions include Trofin - coarse dispersion of human embryonic nerve tissue. Past studies showed that the drug has Trofin protective properties, thus leveling development of sensorineural hearing loss. Evidence base served as a method of otoacoustic emissions for the first time in Ukraine was used in the experiment and allows to monitor daily changes in external hair cells spiral organ of guinea pigs.
The index of comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic ischemia in the presence of autonomic dysfunction
Authors: Kravchuk N.
Published: February 2019

Comorbidity creates a new clinical situation which requires a consideration of characteristics during the appointment of examinations and treatment. The treatment that effective in one disease may lead to a significant deterioration accompanying pathology or vice versa, is very good for both diseases. Nearly one quarter of the adult population of Ukraine has at least one chronic disease or condition, and about 7% - 3 or more. Research of features diagnosis and treatment of comorbidity have been few. That is why the presence of comorbid diseases is practically important and little-known area of medicine.
Cerebral hemodynamics and perfusion brain condition with hypertensive encephalopathy in elderly patients
Authors: Yavorsky V.
Published: February 2019

In work the theoretical generalization and new solution of scientific and practical problems of hypertensive encephalopathy in patients with hypertension grade 2, are new solution of scientific problems determining the status of cerebral blood flow in elderly patients based on analysis of clinical and instrumental examination, which included studying the clinical features daily monitoring of blood pressure, state of cerebral hemodynamic and perfusion of the brain and optimized approaches to treatment and prevention.

A technology assessment of cerebral blood flow during the development of hypertensive encephalopathy based on current clinical and neurological and neuroimaging methods. Proven features of the dynamic properties of fluctuations in systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, the average blood pressure throughout the day, determining the nature of the disease. On the basis of brain perfusion SPECT using developed new approaches to diagnosis and correction of hypertensive encephalopathy established reliable quantitative and qualitative relationship between the duplex scanning and results of daily monitoring of blood pressure.
Analysis of the frequency of connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Pyantkovsky A.
Published: February 2019

In recent decades, increasing attention attracts practitioners role of pathology of different organs and systems of the human body associated with connective tissue dysplasia (DST). The significance of this problem is due to a large prevalence of GOST, system damage, high probability of the formation of different kinds of diseases. Dysplasia of connective tissue (display breach) a violation of the structure of the connective tissue in the embryonic and postnatal periods due to genetically modified extracellular matrix, leading to frustration on tissue homeostasis and organ levels with a progressive course. There have been clinical and neurological examination of 120 patients with neurological manifestations of the syndrome vertebrogenic lumbar spine. Analysis of the results of the clinical study demonstrated that in patients with vertebral syndrome, lumbosacral spine against the background displays GOST significantly (p <0.05) more common protrusion m / s disk changes are more pronounced yellow ties as its thickening. And also more common syndrome joints and vascular dystonia. Significantly (p <0.05) displays GOST (scoliosis, kyphosis, kyphoscoliosis, joints, tendency to dislocation, stretching the ligaments of the joints) - increases the duration of treatment and the severity of pain. The data screening and monitoring of patients in the dynamics of the treatment showed that patients with symptoms GOST significantly (p <0.05) more often aggravation vertebrogenic syndrome lumbosacral spine.
The relationship between cognitive impairment and decreased cerebral blood flow in the frontal area
Authors: Zherdоva N. , Mankovsky B.
Published: February 2019

Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of dementia, especially in patients with mild cognitive impairment, including changes which are unlikely to be found in everyday clinical practice, especially in patients with diabetes, which is associated with the presence of disease complications. Therefore, you must understand the importance of screening for cognitive disorders in the early stages in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility of the Stroop test to determine the state of cognitive impairment and cerebral blood flow status in the relevant areas of the brain evidenced by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The study involved 40 patients aged 60 to 70 years. The 27 women and 13 men. Exclusion criteria were the presence of stroke, traumatic brain injury, the abuse of alcohol. Evaluation of cognitive impairment was carried out using the Stroop test. For information on the perfusion of brain tissue using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included patients who by SPECT were found hypofrontality, the second - with no signs of it. There has been a significant decrease in executive functions during the Stroop test of the part 3 in the patients of the first group than the second group. That is, the first group of patients, there is a decrease in cerebral blood flow in the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is confirmed by a SPECT of hypofrontality. Stroop test, a sensitive test in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and can be recommended for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders and diabetes associated disorders, for early detection of abnormalities in the cognitive field that will allow for the timely prevention of the condition and reduce the disability of patients.