bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Sunscreen Cream Formulation Containing Ethanolic Extract of Avocado Leaves (Persea americana Mill.) or Mangosteen Rind (Garcinia mangostana L.) Combined with Octyl Methoxycinnamate
Authors: Verda Vanessia , Leonardo William , Prismawan Deka , Notario Dion
Published: November 2023

Background: Most sunscreens contain chemicals that can cause health and environmental problems. Natural actives can be an alternative to minimize the use of chemicals. Avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) and mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) contain active compounds that have UV absorption. Objective: In this study, the optimal composition of a mixture of ethanol extracts of avocado leaves or mangosteen peel with octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) was determined based on the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and adhesive properties using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Material and method: The optimal formula calculated with RSM was then made and underwent a series of tests, including a hedonic test with a scale of 0-9 on 30 respondents, a freeze-thaw stability test, and an accelerated stability test with the Arrhenius equation. Results: The RSM analysis showed that the optimal concentration of extract and OMC was 10% and 0.75% (avocado leaves) & 0.65% (mangosteen peel). The optimized formula resulted in adhesive properties and SPF of 7.41±0.03 and 16.52±0.16 (avocado leaves) & 7.43±0.04 and 15.84±0.15 (mangosteen peel) respectively. Both optimized formulations were physically stable against freeze-thaw and had a t90 of 29 minutes (avocado leaves) and 17 minutes (mangosteen peel). The average hedonic scale obtained was 7.8 (avocado leaves) and 7.9 (mangosteen peel), indicating that both optimized formulations were preferred by the respondents. Conclusions: The sunscreen formulation with an optimized combination of active ingredients from avocado leaf extract or mangosteen peel extract with OMC using RSM results in preparation with SPF value and physical properties that meet the requirements.
Effects of Combination of Cisplatin and Paclitaxel Chemotherapy on Tumor Mass in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar with the RECIST Method
Authors: Hakim Azima , Wahyudin Elly , Pieter Nova Audrey Luetta
Published: November 2023

Background: Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that grows from epithelial cells that line the surface of the nasopharynx and has a tumor position close to the base of the skull, vital structures, and anatomical locations that are difficult to reach and various symptoms are the cause of increased patient mortality and morbidity rates. This research aims to identify the most effective chemotherapy effect on reducing tumor mass in nasopharyngeal cancer patients. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively based on patient medical record data from January 2019 to December 2021 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital. Inclusion criteria included NPC patients who received cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, and docetaxel chemotherapy and had complete data on tumor mass size before and after receiving chemotherapy from Series I to Series VI. The resulting assessment of tumor mass size was further categorized using RECIST. Results: A total of 166 NPC patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of the study obtained that NPC patients suffered more in men than women, most NPC patients were aged (41-50), Stage IVA had the highest percentage found in NPC patients, Histopathology based on WHO type III was most commonly found in 109 patients, 70 patients used the Cisplatin+Paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen, 55 patients used the Cisplatin+Paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen had a partial tumor mass response. Conclusions: The combination of Cisplatin + Paclitaxel has the most partial response to the tumor mass of NPC patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar.
Geochemical and Photochemical Constraints on S[IV] Concentrations in Natural Waters on Prebiotic Earth
Authors: Ranjan Sukrit , Abdelazim Khaled , Lozano Gabriella G , Mandal Sangita , Zhou Cindy Y , Kufner Corinna L , Todd Zoe R , Sahai Nita , Sasselov Dimitar D
Published: November 2023

Aqueous S[IV] species (HSO,
SO) derived from volcanogenic
atmospheric SO are  important to planetary habitability
through their roles in proposed origins-of-life chemistry and influence
on atmospheric sulfur haze formation, but the early cycling of S[IV]
is poorly understood. Here, we combine new laboratory constraints on
S[IV] disproportionation kinetics with a novel aqueous
photochemistry model to estimate the concentrations of S[IV] in
natural waters on prebiotic Earth. We show that S[IV]
disproportionation is slow in pH≥ 7 waters, with timescale T≥ 1 year at
room temperature, meaning that S[IV] was present in prebiotic
natural waters. However, we also show that photolysis of S[IV] by UV
light on prebiotic Earth limited [S[IV]]< 100μM in
global-mean steady-state. Because of photolysis, [S[IV]] was
much lower in natural waters compared to the concentrations generally
invoked in laboratory simulations of origins-of-life chemistry (≥ 10
mM), meaning further work is needed to confirm whether laboratory
S[IV]- dependent prebiotic chemistries could have functioned in
nature. [S[IV]]≥ 1μM in terrestrial waters for: (1)
SO outgassing ≥ 20× modern, (2) pond depths <
10 cm, or UV-attenuating agents present in early waters or the prebiotic
atmosphere. Marine S[IV] was sub-saturated with respect to
atmospheric SO, meaning that atmospheric
SO  deposition was efficient and that, within the
constraints of present knowledge, UV-attenuating sulfur hazes could only
have persisted on prebiotic Earth if sulfur emission rates were very
high (≳ 100× modern). Our work illustrates the synergy between planetary
science, geochemistry and synthetic organic chemistry towards
understanding the emergence and maintenance of life on early Earth.
História Ambiental
Authors: Moretto Samira Peruchi
Published: November 2023

Apresentação
Entre lembranças e esquecimentos
Authors: Lima Leilane Patricia de
Published: November 2023

Neste texto, destaco alguns aspectos sobre o conceito de memória coletiva, apresentando reflexões sobre sua importância em museus, com ênfase nas discussões sobre o lugar ocupado pela questão indígena nos museus brasileiros constituídos no século XIX. Em seguida, direciono o debate para um assunto mais específico, procurando responder quais memórias indígenas estão presentes em museus de história local. Neste artigo, o recorte particular contempla exposições visitadas, entre os anos de 2015 e 2017, em municípios no oeste do estado de São Paulo e no norte do estado do Paraná. A análise deste universo museológico específico demonstrou que, de diferentes formas, as memórias indígenas estavam colocadas (ou não) nas exposições. Demonstrou, também, que, quando presentes em alguns dos museus investigados, as memórias sobre os indígenas não os apresentavam como sujeitos participantes e realizadores de processos históricos.
Exosomes Released from TRAIL -Resistance Glioblastoma Cells Influence the Migration and Growth of Healthy Cells
Authors: O CEVIK
Published: November 2023

Exosomes are the smallest vesicles that can cross the blood-brain barrier and transport proteins, nucleic acids, and other cell elements to cells. The role of exosomes in drug resistance and their effects on healthy cells have been researched topics in recent years. This study investigated the effect of exosomes released from TRAIL resistance U87 glioblastoma cells on healthy L929 fibroblast cells. U87 cells were incubated with TRAIL (5ng/mL) for three weeks to develop drug resistance and exosomes were isolated with ultracentrifuge. The obtained exosomes were incubated at a concentration of 1 µg/mL-100 µg/ mL on L929 cells for 48 hours, and their cytotoxic effect was examined with MTT assay. After incubation, CXCR4 Protein and gene expression levels of CXCL-12, PAK4, and 14-3-3β were also examined. This study showed that exosomes released from TRAIL-resistant cells increase CXCR4, CXCL-12, and PAK4 levels in healthy cells and do not cause changes in 14-3-3 β oncogenic protein. While 100 µg/mL exosome affected L929 cells, no change was seen at a lower concentration. Exosomes affect the migration potential of other cells due to drug resistance. It may contribute to developing different resistance mechanisms in the long term by changing the proliferation and migration abilities of healthy cells around the tumor cell.
Avoidance of Whitening of Brownadipose Tissue (BAT/Beige Adipose Tissue (BeAT)-as an Innovative Target of Obesity/Ageing Prevention-A Mini Review
Authors: Kaur Kulvinder Kochar
Published: November 2023

Whereas we have been working regarding the browning of WAT for practically last 2 decades in obesity research, whitening of BAT as an obesity-correlated complication possessing metabolic along with health aspects has not got considerable importance. Here our aim has been to focus on why there is an escalation of BAT whitening which by itself becomes a considerable cause of obesity and its complications. Here we have paid attention to Natural factors, High Fat Diet, Ageing, part of nicotine, thermo neutrality, Serotonin, Glucocorticoids obesogens, Dechlorane plus endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), like wide spectrum of consumer products, like tobacco, flame retardants, as well as pesticides which we are exposed in common day to day life apart from consumption of nicotine in the prenatal or lactation exposure to the offspring as well as the origin of chronic diseases beyond infancy. Furthermore our concentration has been over how autophagy, inflammation, along with dysfunctional angiogenesis “vascularization” are central events involved in BAT/beige AT whitening of these we have detailed role of VEGF-A besides role of Bevacizumab its antibody , capillary rarefaction as well as hypoxia in a little detail. Ageing is a natural event. When BAT starts receding specifically in females direct association of BAT with reproduction is seen & apparently FSH antibody is acknowledged to revert post menopause and post-andropause diminished metabolic rate that is associated with escalated visceral adiposity in addition to escalate longevity. Moreover, recently the group of Vatner, et al. have discovered that interference with the Regulator of G protein signaling14 (RGS14) in mice escalates healthy lifespan, modulation by escalated BAT. Thus RGS14 seems to be a target that’s hampering apparently escalated longevity in addition to BAT. Capillary rarefaction impacts numerous organs .Hence avoidance of smoking in pregnancy might be a significant long term factor in preventing chronic diseases beyond infancy specifically in males in view of females get protected by estrogen. Thus greater focus is needed to avoidance of whitening of BAT to combat the epidemic of obesity. Too much misuse of dexamethasone prescription needs to be avoided since post covid era
Ecological Restoration of Pinus Pinaster Woodlands, After Degradation with Focusing on Rehabilitation of Target Habitats
Authors: Ahani Hamid
Published: November 2023

Ecological restoration plays a vital role in preserving and rehabilitating degraded habitats, especially those populated by endemic species. This abstract focuses on the restoration efforts of Pinus pinaster and other endemic species found in woodlands that have suffered degradation. The primary aim of this restoration project is to rehabilitate target habitats and promote the recovery of these native species in Portugal. The identification of key factors that have contributed to the degradation is crucial in developing effective restoration plans. Additionally, understanding the ecological requirements and preferences of the target species is essential to ensure successful rehabilitation. Ecological restoration of Pinus pinaster woodlands/forests, after degradation such as posed by recurrent fires and invasive species, Focusing on rehabilitation of target habitats, such as water lines and other key elements of the landscape (we have important areas of Pinus pinaster in the secondary coastal dunes) Using native species of the selected sites, that may be present in the vegetation or in the soil seed bank- Testing and evaluating the best propagation techniques for each species, vegetative cuttings, seeds germination, in situ or ex situ propagation, Evaluating the added value of the restoration actions in terms of 1) increasing or protecting ecosystem services, 2) increasing or protecting rare or potentially endangered plant species, etc. In conclusion, the ecological restoration of Pinus pinaster and other endemic species in degraded woodlands requires a multidimensional approach that addresses key factors contributing to habitat degradation. By focusing on the rehabilitation of target habitats, these restoration efforts contribute to the conservation and preservation of these important ecosystems, ultimately benefiting both the endemic species and the surrounding communities.
A Novel Technique for Individualized Treatment of Breast Cancer during Diagnostic Biopsy to Determine its Potential for Treatment with Glucosodiene
Authors: Akl Maher Monir
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer remains a significant challenge in the field of oncology, particularly the aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype, accounting for 15-20% of cases. TNBC lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, making it difficult to target with conventional therapies. In light of this, there is an urgent need to explore novel treatment approaches that can effectively address the unique characteristics of TNBC
The Movement Structure of the Electron
Authors: R Yvan-Claude
Published: November 2023

This short paper describes Electron as a vibrational standing field which is a solution of Maxwell equation. It is explained how internal kinetic momentum composition contribute to understand its wave nature and obtain part of normalization of the field. The second element to be considered is the wave number ko, only defined by Newton law following inside a granular vacuum, to explain gravitation strength.
The Causal Unity of the Categories Meter, Kilogram, Second and Ampere and its Relation to Human Seeing
Authors: G Dorda
Published: November 2023

It is shown that the analysis of the equation, which describes the identity of the phenomenon time, given by the effect of the pendulum (PE) and the effect of the third law of Kepler (3LK) results in the observation of the causal unity of the categories meter, kilogram, second and ampere, the categories of the classical system of units. Based on these experimentally confirmed findings, it is shown that the differentiation of the numerically expressed fundamental categories refers to the effect of the factor temperature, which in cumulate form is represented by the weather, modified by space, time and distance. Furthermore, it is shown that these findings refer to the process of human seeing. Finally, it is pointed out that the free decision of the human enables the moral valuation of the personal activities.
Clima organizacional en satisfacción laboral: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Cortez Rodríguez Nancy Nélida
Published: November 2023

Este artículo de revisión de información teórica tiene por finalidad explorar artículos referentes a las variables clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral para describir la relación entre ambas. El clima organizacional es la percepción los distintos factores del ambiente de trabajo que permiten estrategias de prevención y corrección para generar la satisfacción de los colaboradores a fin de alcanzar las metas organizacionales. Para ello, el presente estudio, de diseño cualitativo, s enfocó en examinar fuentes electrónicas sobre la relación entre clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral con el fin de sintetizar la información, situándola en una perspectiva determinada, para la toma de decisiones. Se recopilaron artículos de diversas revistas indexadas empleando los buscadores boléanos and, or y not. En la recolección de información se emplearon palabras clave como “clima”, “organización”, “satisfacción” y “dimensión de la escuela”. Como conclusión, se puede afirmar que existe una relación importante entre ambas variables, lo cual se evidencia en los artículos revisados.
The Role of Waqf in Supporting Sustainable Development Goals: Linking theory and its practices
Authors: Karimah Diva Azka , Pamuncak Mohammad Bintang , Mubin Muhammad Khoerul
Published: November 2023

Poverty has become a main issue faced by many developing countries. It is worsened by the fact that a few rich people have equal wealth to most of the world's population. Hence attempts to reduce the poverty number have been initiated by many players including academicians and international organizations such as the United Nations through the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). On the other hand, Islamic philanthropy such as Waqf has been linked as a medium to not only eradicate poverty but also attempt to develop and empower society. Therefore, this study attempts to link waqf practices and Sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study uses qualitative methods i.e., explanatory studies. This study finds that waqf has similar characteristics with SDGs in at least 7 out of 17 goals of SDGs, including No Poverty goal, zero hunger goal, good health and wealth being goal, quality education goal, affordable and clean energy goal, decent work and economy goal, and industry, innovation, and infrastructure goal. Hence its promotion of the SDGs program is essential and undeniable. Future studies are encouraged to look further at the potential applications and practices of Waqf to the SDGs, particularly from the perspective of public policy and law.
About the Pragmatic Features of the Mythological Prose of Altai
Authors: Ойноткинова Надежда Романовна , Тармаева Виктория Ивановна
Published: November 2023

Статья посвящена прагматическим особенностям алтайских мифологических текстов в аспекте стратегии гармонизации. Данная гармонизация происходит по следующим направлениям: благодаря мифу человек адаптируется к окружающей действительности, миф выступает в качестве установки на координацию и согласование действий и отношения индивида к окружающему его природному миру; познание внешнего мира посредством мифа помогает индивиду осмыслить, сделать понятным («очеловечить») окружающую его действительность, нередко враждебную; мифологическое мировоззрение выступает в качестве системы базовых ориентиров, которые необходимы для интерпретации природных факторов и позволяют членам того или иного социума знать, каким образом следует построить свое поведение; мифы выступают в качестве установки, регулирующей и легитимирующей жизнь индивида и социума, поскольку в них содержатся объяснения и указания норм должного поведения и правильного восприятия окружающей действительности. Предложена типология тактик и приемов, используемых в текстах мифологической прозы алтайцев с целью гармонизации и упорядочения контекста восприятия реальности. Выделены различные тактики, используемые в текстах мифологической прозы алтайцев, в аспекте стратегии гармонизации, в частности утверждение, похвала, порицание, директивы, с помощью которых выражаются повествовательные императивы, а также тактики презентации, совета, похвалы/порицания и предостережения.

The article is devoted to the pragmatic features of the mythological texts of the Altai from the point of view of the harmonization strategy. This harmonization takes place in the following directions: thanks to the myth, man adapts to the surrounding reality; the myth coordinates the actions and attitudes of the individual towards the surrounding natural world; the perception of the external world through the myth helps the individual to make the surrounding reality understandable (“to humanize”); the mythological worldview functions as a system of basic guidelines necessary for the interpretation of natural factors, enabling members of a given society to know how to behave; myths regulate and legitimize the life of an individual and a society, as they contain explanations and indications of norms for the proper behavior and perception of environmental reality. The various tactics used in these texts are examined from the point of view of harmonizing strategy, especially the statement, praise, blame, directives used to express narrative imperatives, and tactics of presentation, advice, and warning.
Glioblastoma in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ait Alla Meriem , Bouchbika Zineb , Benchakroun Nadia , Jouhadi Hassan , Tawfiq Nezha , Rezzouki Ibtissam , Karkouri Mehdi , Lakhdar Hakim , Sahraoui Souha
Published: November 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant inherited affection characterized by a higher chance of development of tumors. There have been only few cases of glioblastoma (GBM) in adult NF1 patients. In this paper, we present the case of 43 years old patient who presented initially amnesia and seizures. The patient underwent gross total surgical excision, followed by the Stupp protocol. He received concomitant chemo-radiotherapy with temozolomide then adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. We have also reviewed the literature and reported the cases of GBM in NF1 patients previously published.
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN DAN LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERILAKU KEUANGAN DENGAN GAYA HIDUP SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Ali Mujahid Zaid , Asyik Nur Fadjrih
Published: November 2023

Perilaku keuangan mendapat perhatian penting pada situasi sekarang dalam lingkup organisasi maupun perusahaan, termasuk juga di antaranya pada karyawan. Masalah utamanya adalah pada pemahaman tentang perilaku keuangan yang masih rendah. Penting juga mempertimbangkan bagaimana gaya hidup dapat mempengaruhi perilaku keuangan seseorang dalam pengendalian dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh pendapatan dan literasi keuangan terhadap perilaku keuangan dengan gaya hidup sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Jenis penelitian menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah karyawan yang bekerja pada Sarana Metal Group Surabaya yakni sebanyak 156 orang karyawan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan kriteria tertentu diperoleh 54 Responden dari 156 karyawan PT Sarana Metal Group Surabaya. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi moderasi Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 23. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pendapatan memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap perilaku keuangan; 2) Literasi keuangan memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap perilaku keuangan; 3) Gaya hidup tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh pendapatan terhadap perilaku keuangan; 4) Gaya hidup dapat memoderasi pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap perilaku keuangan pada PT Sarana Metal Group Surabaya.
English For Specific Purposes: English Language Needs in Hospitality and Travel Industry
Authors: Putri Nofrina Eka , Kher Dinovia Fannil , Rani Yati Aisya , Ramli Azhar Jaafar
Published: November 2023

This research is designed to identify English language needs in the hospitality and travel industry. The data was obtained from the General Manager of Garuda Indonesia Padang, the HRD Manager of Grand Zuri Hotel Padang, and 24 employees working in both those companies. The researchers used instruments; an interview and a questionnaire. Interviews were conducted with the two managers, while questionnaires were distributed to the employees of the companies. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed using a descriptive approach. The questionnaires were analyzed Software SPSS for Windows release 22.0. This research reveals that, in the hospitality and travel industry, speaking (35%) and listening (33%) are the most needed of the four (4) language skills. These skills are primarily needed to greet customers (who are dominantly non-native speakers of English). In addition, the employees in the two companies are mostly required to serve customers whose English is basic. The findings of this research are expected to provide valuable information for ESP teachers and curriculum designers in organizing ESP syllabus and teaching materials
Shaping Student Character Through Daily Life Activities: Study of Female Students at Wisma Alamanda
Authors: Arifin Zainul , Lestari Riska , Husna Lisani , Rustiya Rustiya
Published: November 2023

The activities of students who live in a wisma are certainly different from students who live in houses, boarding houses, or dormitories. This is of course very influential on the character possessed by students. The aim of this study is to find out how the efforts made in building the character of students living in Wisma. This research uses the method qualitative approach with a case study. The research data was taken from three informants who are students who live in Wisma through in-depth interviews. To strengthen the data, the authors also made direct observations of students living in Wisma. Research result shows that there are seven important themes in the effort to build student character at Wisma. The seven themes are implemented through: i) wisma rules (discipline, responsibility, independence), ii) social activities (tolerance, social care), iii) spiritual activities (religious, curious), iv) joint activities (honest, creative, democratic, appreciate achievement, friendly, loves peace, cares for the environment), v) daily worship practices (religious, hard work), vi) national day commemoration (national spirit, love of country), vii) Channeling interest in reading (likes to read). The results of this study can be used as information for students to be able to build character in everyday life.
Development of DelTalk (an English learning application) using Agile Method
Authors: Prasetyo Tegar Arifin , Pasaribu Monalisa , Gaol Tiurma Lumban , Turnip Togu Novriansyah , Damanik Juli Yanti , Panjaitan Andree , Pane Mei , Tobing Nathan Fernando Lumban , Pardosi Lilis Marito , Timothy Timothy , Sihombing Yohana
Published: November 2023

English has become a world language that must be mastered by many people because English has dominated the era of communication to connect and transfer knowledge to the entire world. When it comes to the development of mobile applications for language learning, previous research has tended to emphasize testing on various technologies such as multimedia, virtual and augmented reality, conversational agents and artificial intelligence-based systems. This research, therefore, aimed to develop a mobile-based English learning application that provided English learning in the form of stories called the Deltalk. This mobile-based English learning application provides features in which the users can practice their speaking in English. This app was developed by integrating ASR (Automatic Speech Recognition) technology provided by NOVO Learning. The ASR was integrated with Deltalk through the API (Application Programming Interface) and Websocket. Deltalk development adapted two agile frameworks, including Scrum and Lean Software Development by performing MVP process one time.
The Relationship of Parental Control with Children’s Digital Literacy Skills in Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Ismaniar Ismaniar , Septia Landa Klara
Published: November 2023

The digital divide in Indonesia demands that digital literacy education be delivered through several knowledge transfer mechanisms. The purpose of this research is to look at the relationship between parental control and digital literacy skills in children in Pesisir Selatan. This type of research is quantitative correlational. Sources of data in this study are parents and children. The population in this study amounted to 30 parents and the sampling technique was Simple Random Sampling and 70% were taken, namely 21 children. The data collection method uses a questionnaire with a statement list format as a data collection tool, data analysis techniques use a percentage formula and to find correlations use the Rank Order formula. The results of the study found: 1) Parental control of this child was classified in the unfavorable category. 2) digital literacy skills in children are classified in the low category. 3) There is a significant relationship between parental control and digital literacy skills in children in Pesisir Selatan. Furthermore, some suggestions are: 1) According to the respondents' assessment, parental control over children is still much that has not been implemented, when viewed from the duties and responsibilities of parents, it is suggested to parents to better understand their duties and responsibilities so that they are able to protect children from the dangers of digital media. 2) It is necessary for children to be aware of how important it is to understand increasingly sophisticated digital media that can develop various potentials in children so that they have knowledge and experience. 3) It is hoped that other studies will be able to see several other factors that have not been studied in this study
Alua Jo Patuik With Raso Jo Pareso, How the Minangkabau to Find the Truth (Ethnographic Study of Nagari Sisawah, Sumpur Kudus District, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra)
Authors: Ulma Tiara Inoki , Nofirman Nofirman
Published: November 2023

Seribu Gonjong Tourist Village (SARUGO) which is located in Jorong Sungai Dadok, Nagari Koto Tinggi, Gunung Omeh District, Limapuluh Kota, West Sumatra is one of 50 villages that was named the best tourist village by the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy. This achievement cannot be separated from the role of Pokdarwis in managing natural and cultural tourism. The Minangkabau social system, which is known to uphold a sense of togetherness, has an impact in developing programs for independence and improving the community's economy through community empowerment. Empowerment is defined as an effort to fulfill the desired needs of individuals, groups and communities, in controlling their environment so that they can fulfill their desires, including accessibility to resources related to their work and developing the potential of local resources. Based on the description above, this research has the objectives of (1) To analyze the role of the Community Empowerment-based Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) in developing natural tourism potential in Seribu Gonjong Tourism Village. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. The stages of this research method are (1) Preliminary study of the research location, (2) Collecting data and profile of the SARUGO tourist village, (3) Developing instruments, (4) Data collection, (5) Analysis of findings, (6) Triangulation data, (7) drawing conclusions, and (8) preparing articles
Pathogenicity of RNA satellite associated with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on chilli (Capsicum annuuum L.)
Authors: Mai Sari  , Sijabat Veronica Elizabeth , Mahfut
Published: November 2023

Obstacles that often occur in cultivation of tomatoes, chilies, and tobacco is the occurrence of diseases caused by viruses. One of them is infected with the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), this virus infection is very dangerous for large red chili, tomato and tobacco farming which results in quite large losses for farmers in Indonesia. Controlling viral infections caused by CMV is very difficult due to the high genetic diversity of CMV making it difficult to obtain resistant types of red pepper, tomato and tobacco, the range of CMV host plants is wide, and CMV can be transmitted by aphids and ticks. non-persistent whiteheads. The aim of this journal review was to determine the pathogenicity of sat-RNA associated with CMV in red chilies, tomatoes and tobacco. Based on the results of reviews from several journals, it can be seen that RNA satellite is effective against CMV infection on chili, tomato, and tobacco plants. Which can be seen by administering the CARNA vaccine to each plant treatment.
DIVINE DEMANDS FOR JUSTICE: AN EXEGETICAL READING OF AMOS 5, 18-27
Authors:   Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, Roma-Italia, Bere Paulus Halek
Published: November 2023

The book of Amos is one of the prophetic literatures to be read in every context of human life. While reading Amos 5,18-27 we may ask the question: What is the reason for God to hate Israel’s worship and not accepting their offering? This selected text shows a contrasting movement of relationship between God and Israel. God chooses and makes Israel his own, in order that they would be an instrument of his blessing for others. However, the Israelites failed to practice it in their daily life. In this exegetical paper, I would suggest that neglecting justice for the poor in the society provokes God’s anger to hate Israel’s worship and reject their sacrifice. Concerning the wickedness of Israel, Amos declared that even though Israel desires for the day of Yahweh, it is darkness and not light for them (v.18) and because of their sins, God will send them into exile beyond Damascus (v. 27). God hates their attitude but still loves them as his chosen people. The purpose of Amos’s announcement is to change the hearts of ruling class’s behavior and his basic concern on socioeconomic injustices. Amos’s oracles suggest that the officials got rich in dishonesty. The exile is the consequence of the failure of Israel leaders in leading the people to live in divine will. It becomes the moment for Israel to purify themselves before God and being trained for strengthen their good relationship with Yahweh, their God.
INTFAITH MARRIAGE IN INDONESIA: LOOKING FOR A LOOPHOLE
Authors:   Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Tridiatno Yoachim Agus
Published: November 2023

This research studies the life experience of interfaith marriage between Christian and Muslem. It aims to answer the following questions: (1) Do religious differences in interfaith marriage partners affect the success of building a family? (2) What are the factors that determine the success of building a family in interfaith couples? This research is qualitative study. The data were collected through the depth interview which were directly done face to face, and indirect interview through WhatsApp and Google Form. Forum Group Discussion was done also with some students who live in the interfaith marriage family. The respondents are cathegorized into the followings: (1) those living in the interfaith marriage between Christian and Muslem, (2) those who converted to other religions following that of the partners, (3) those who converted to the religion of the partners but then reconverted to their previous religions, (4) the parents of the children who do interfaith marriage, and (5) the children who live in the family with interfaith marriage. The results indicate that the difference of religion in the family is not the significant factor which determines the harmonious life in the family. Otherwise, tolerance, mutual concern, and the responsible attitude of each family member in their respective duties and roles are the most important factors. Therefore, the civil and religious laws which prohibit the interfaith marriage are actually not relevant. The civil law does not have authority to interfere the private sectors of family life. Then, religious law which prohibits the interfaith marriage must be revied and understood in its context to strive for the salvation of the religious people.
The Two Faces of Canadian Agriculture in a Post-Staples Economy
Authors: Skogstad Grace
Published: November 2023

This article traces the evolution of agriculture from a staples to a mature staples sector in the post-staples Canadian economy. It examines the situation of agricultural producers in the domestic and international political economy and traces the factors which have led to its structural transformation. Public policies are deeply implicated in this transformation, and accordingly, the changing patterns of relations between state actors and the agri-food sector are given attention. Four periods of structural transition and patterns of state-sector relationships are identified. The first, expansionist phase, extended from the late nineteenth to the 1930s when agricultural commodities were integral to the development of the Canadian economy and political community. The second period, from the 1930s to the end of the Second World War, marked an interregnum when agriculture merited attention not simply because of its service to broader national goals, but also because of recognition of structural disadvantages faced by thousands of individual commodity producers in a market economy. The third period, from the end of the Second World War through to the early 1980s, witnessed significant structural and policy changes in the sector in quest of rendering the sector more productive and profitable. The transition to a mature staples sector was supported by state intervention in agricultural markets and a financial safety net for producers. In the current fourth phase, since the early 1980s, changes in the international political economy, domestic fiscal deficits, and ideological shifts have precipitated a new competitiveness model. Strategies that are market-oriented and give incentives to adding value to raw commodities are in vogue.
Reducing the Environmental Impacts of Remote Ports: The Example of Prince Rupert
Authors: Melious Jean
Published: November 2023

The west coast ports of North America are prime examples of twentieth-century ports that must adapt to twenty-first century concerns. Located in urban areas, the ports of Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle and Tacoma, Washington, and California are increasingly viewed as undesirable neighbors by urban residents. Because these large population centers have diversified economic bases, the economic contributions of ports are not as visible, or as crucial, to residents as in the past. This reduces their tolerance for port impacts. Constraints on developable land and congestion add to the challenges faced by these ports. As trade and container traffic increase, these ports must increase in size, in throughput, or both in order to compete for global trade. As discussed further below, however, this growth must take place without imposing additional externalities on neighbors who are increasingly aware of the burden that ports place on those who live around them.
Choice and Content: Media ownership and democratic ideals in Canada
Authors: Blidook Kelly
Published: November 2023

This article explores concerns regarding media ownership in Canada from a “marketplace of ideas” perspective. It assesses evidence indicating whether the ideals associated with this perspective are threatened and proposes steps that seem best suited to achieving those broad ideals. It concludes that regulations limiting ownership levels by single corporations combined with relaxed foreign ownership controls would likely increase the range of choice and diversity of content in the news media. The latter, it also suggests, would allow regulators to more effectively enforce the ownership guidelines already in place for maintaining a vibrant and competitive media market.
Electoral Bias in Quebec Since 1936
Authors: Siaroff Alan
Published: November 2023

In the period since 1936, Quebec has gone through two eras of party politics, the first between the Liberals and the Union Nationale, the second and ongoing era between the Liberals and the Parti Québécois. This study examines elections in Quebec in terms of all relevant types of electoral bias. In both eras the overall electoral bias has clearly been against the Liberal Party. The nature of this bias has changed however. Malapportionment was crucial through 1970, and of minimal importance since the 1972 redistribution. In contrast gerrymandering, ultimately involving an ‘equivalent to gerrymandering effect’ due to the geographic nature of Liberal core support, has been not only a permanent phenomenon but indeed since 1972 the dominant effect. The one election where both gerrymandering and the overall bias were pro-Liberal — 1989 — is shown to be the ‘exception that proves the rule’. Finally, the erratic extent of electoral bias in the past four decades is shown to arise from very uneven patterns of swing in Quebec.
Campaigning and Digital Media in Alberta: Emerging Practices and Democratic Outcomes?
Authors: Chen Peter John , Smith Peter Jay
Published: November 2023

This article examines the use and impact of an array of established and emerging digital media on the 2008 Alberta provincial election. Based on data collected from a range of methods, we explore the application of digital media by candidates and political parties. In describing the extent to which various forms of digital media were employed as campaign tools, the article examines the role of digital media in overcoming the media access gap between the dominant political party and other oppositional and minor parties (democratization). As a source of comparison, data from the 2008 national election is employed. The article argues that the evidence supporting democratization is weak. Although there are indications that digital media is one area of campaigning that suffers from the lowest performance gap between different political parties and actors, we identify that structural, human and financial factors advantage the dominant parties' access to both conventional and digital media. This appears significant given the electoral success of the incumbent, and the continued decline in voter participation. The inability of digital media to reinvigorate Alberta democracy lies in other factors of which, we argue, politics is but one, historical, social and economic factors being significant as well.
The 2005 and 2009 Referenda on Voting System Change in British Columbia
Authors: Pilon Dennis
Published: November 2023

British Columbia’s two referenda on its voting system produced dramatically different results. Conventional accounts of the events tend to rely on populism to explain the surprisingly high vote for the single transferable vote option in 2005 and public concern about the workings of this proposed alternative to explain the decline in its support in 2009. But as public knowledge about the referendum choices remained low in both cases it is hard to credit public reactions to the voting system options as a key factor influencing the results. A more critical reading of the events and existing academic survey work on both referenda suggest that elite manipulation of the process and changing levels of partisan insecurity between the two votes were more influential in producing these different outcomes.
The Local Underpinnings of Electoral Competition in Canada, 1979-2008
Authors: Carty R. Kenneth , Young Lisa
Published: November 2023

In this paper we explore the capacity of political parties to contest general elections by examining the patterns of candidate spending in individual electoral districts. The data allows us to compare and assess differences across national political parties, over time (including both third and post-third party system periods), and during different electoral finance regimes.
Politics, Policy, and Participation: Contemporary Issues in Canadian Gender Equality
Authors: McNutt Kathleen
Published: November 2023

Introduction to the Symposium
The Accuracy of Public Polls in Provincial Elections
Authors: Coletto David , Breguet Bryan
Published: November 2023

This study extends work on the accuracy of polls released in the final week of election campaigns in Canada, using data from the nine provincial elections held in Canada between 2011 and 2013 to identify what might affect the accuracy of those polls. Specifically, we attempt to empirically test two arguments - mainly that some methodologies are better than others in measuring voter preferences and that the nature of the election itself might make accurate forecasts more difficult. We find that absolute change in voter turnout was the strongest predictor of polling accuracy. In contrast, sample size, survey mode, or electoral volatility were statistically significant predictors of polling accuracy.
The 2015 Newfoundland and Labrador Election: Liberals Have a Ball as PC Party Suffers from Post-Williams Hangover
Authors: Marland Alex
Published: November 2023

From 2003 to 2010, Premier Danny Williams maintained a tight grip on the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party of Newfoundland and Labrador and the provincial government. His chosen successor Kathy Dunderdale carried the party to a third consecutive majority government in 2011. But the new energy of her leadership masked serious cracks in the PC Party foundation. Barely two years into her mandate, Premier Dunderdale resigned, setting in motion further political instability as the party fumbled to replace her. All the while, Dwight Ball and the Liberal Party won by-election after by-election, public opinion poll after poll. That the Liberals would form the government after the 2015 general election was a certainty; that the opposition won so many seats in a smaller legislature was the surprise. Early in his tenure, Premier Williams often remarked that he was responsible for cleaning up the economic mess left by the previous administration. With growing budget deficits stemming from overspending, coupled with declining offshore oil revenues, the economic problems and difficult decisions awaiting Premier Ball and the Liberal government are just as ominous.
The Visual Representation of Malaysian Cultural Identity in 1950s Printmaking Artworks
Authors:   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Muhamad Noor A'yunni , Tahir Azian ,   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Ramli Ishak ,   Islamic Research on Art, Design and Humanities (IRADAH) Research Interest Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, S. Abu Bakar Syed Alwi ,   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Mohd Aripin Nur Adibah Nadiah ,   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Desa Noor Enfendi ,   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Arshad Mohd Fawazie ,   School of Fine Art, College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610, Perak, Malaysia
Published: November 2023

Printmaking is one of the categories of visual arts that is still practiced and plays an important role in the development of visual arts in Malaysia. In the production of printmaking artworks, the representation of images or visuals is important in reflecting the artist’s background, which is often closely related to understanding history, heritage, or culture. This research aims to explore the visual representation of Malaysian culture, which was portrayed in Malaysian printmaking artworks in the 1950s. The method for identifying Malaysian culture is through an integrative literature review. A few 1950s printmaking artworks have been selected to be analyzed based on Malaysian cultural elements through a content analysis approach. The sample for this research is printmaking artworks that were produced in 1950. The outcomes of this research indicated that in showing Malaysian cultural identities, the existence of Malaysian cultural features in printmaking artworks from the 1950s had become crucial historical evidence. Without these visual depictions, future generations are unable to learn about Malaysian culture and the past. The research findings from this study will be used as a guide for future researchers, especially in understanding Malaysian culture from the perspective of the visual arts. In conclusion, it is suggested that future research on Malaysian printmaking include more samples from different eras so that the development of the visual depiction of Malaysian culture through printmaking may be characterized in more detail.