bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards PMTCT of HIV/AIDS among HIV-Positive Mothers in PHC Minna, Niger State
Authors: Bello Umar Addakano , Abubakar Waziri Ismaila , Argungu Zulkiflu , Abdulrahman Kombo Salihu , Mohammad Sani Sani
Published: December 2024

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV may occur during pregnancy, labor, and after childbirth, with 10–15% of the highest risks during breastfeeding. This problem is significant in the Sub-Saharan African countries, of which Nigeria is inclusive, where more than 80% of children living with HIV are found, with over 10,000 new pediatric HIV infections per year and a 26.9% MTCT transmission rate in 2017. Thus, this study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards PMTCT of HIV. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed for the study, a multistage sampling method with a proportional allocation of samples to each Primary Health Care Center, and systematic simple random sampling were used to select 175 study participants. The Instrument for data collection was a self-administered questionnaire developed by the researchers based on the study objectives guided by previous studies, the instrument was pilot-tested and had a reliability Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.738. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, descriptive statistics were used to describe the frequency distribution and are presented using frequency tables and percentages. The study finding shows that the respondent’s level of knowledge is high (62.6%), the attitude was positive (3.1), and practice was good (70.2%) towards the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV respectively. In this study, the respondents' level of knowledge was good, their attitude was positive, and their practice was good for PMTCT of HIV. This finding also reveals that healthcare providers are doing a good job in providing counseling sessions and knowledge of PMTCT to pregnant women attending antenatal care. Though, much is needed to increase their acceptance and use of PMTCT for HIV services.
The Relationship Between Optimism, Emotional Factors, and Health Worker Services with Medication Adherence for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Bades Community Health Center
Authors: Isrotin Ayu , Nur Rahmat Nafolion , Sunanto
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem characterized by low medication adherence, which can lead to drug resistance and treatment failure. Optimism, emotional factors, and health worker services are believed to play a significant role in adherence among pulmonary TB patients. This study aims to analyze the relationship between optimism, emotional factors, and health worker services with medication adherence for pulmonary TB patients at Bades Community Health Center. This correlational study uses a cross-sectional design and involves 21 pulmonary TB patients in categories 1 and 2 who meet the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using linear regression tests to evaluate the relationships between variables. The results show that most respondents have a good level of optimism (66.7%), good emotional factors (61.9%), and receive good healthcare services (81%). Medication adherence among pulmonary TB patients is categorized as adherent in 57.1% of respondents. Bivariate analysis indicates a significant relationship between optimism (p=0.000), emotional factors (p=0.000), and health worker services (p=0.008) with medication adherence for pulmonary TB patients. The multivariate analysis reveals that emotional factors have the strongest influence on adherence, with a beta value of 0.751, indicating that emotional conditions, such as fear, anxiety, or motivation, play a crucial role in influencing patients' adherence to treatment. In contrast, optimism has a lower impact with a beta value of 0.320, while health worker services show a negative association with adherence (beta = -0.254). The emotional factor has been found to have the greatest impact on patient adherence at Puskesmas Bades, while optimism and the quality of healthcare service have a lesser effect. The negative beta value for healthcare service suggests that service quality may need improvement. The focus should be on enhancing emotional support and evaluating service quality to improve patient adherence.
Comparative Analysis of Leakage Behavior in Continuous and Intermittent Water Distribution Systems
Authors: Ahmed Kaywan Othman , Aminpour Younes , Jaf Herish Omar Faraj , Mustafa Mohammed Bakhtyar , Karim Shahir Fatah
Published: December 2024

Leakage within a water distribution system (WDS) leads to significant water supply reductions due to pipeline malfunctions, operational inefficiencies, and physical disruptions. This study investigates the experimental work on identifying the difference between continuous and intermittent water distribution systems using equivalent and series pipeline systems. The (WDS) will be monitored digitally at an accurate rate, and the data will be stored in a real-time database as graphs. As a result, in continuous water distribution systems, higher flow rates are directly linked to increased leakage severity, which is further aggravated by system losses and valve issues, as evidenced by the declining trends in the graph. In contrast, intermittent systems exhibit consistent leakage behavior across different scenarios and valves. The uniformity in sensor responses supports the effectiveness of current monitoring strategies and highlights the necessity for tailored management approaches for each system type. Research findings indicate that leakages lead to a decrease in flow rates that intensify with higher flows, underscoring the critical need to preserve the integrity of the system. In continuous water distribution systems (CWD), leakages occur at higher rates compared to intermittent systems (IWD), with instances of single leaks (SL) proving more detrimental than multiple leaks (ML) due to their concentrated impact. Particularly, the second valve shows increased vulnerability in both systems and thus necessitates focused monitoring and preventive maintenance. Furthermore, a detailed analysis quantified the variations in leakage rates and discharge volumes between continuous and intermittent systems, as well as across single and multiple leakage scenarios within each system, highlighting key areas that require attention.
Effects of Using Waste Glass Granular and Lightweight Pumice Granular on the Abrasion Resistance of Pervious Concrete
Authors: Ahmad Soran Abdrahman , Rafiq Serwan Khwrshid , Husein Sary Nasr , Fqi Kawa Omar , Faeq Aland Atta , Ahmad Muhammad Salar
Published: December 2024

Pervious concrete is one of the concrete types that contain no or little fine aggregate to obtain the void between aggregate particles for permitting passage of water through and reducing the risk of flooding. This article deals with the preparation of two sets of sustainable pervious concrete by using waste glass granular, lightweight pumice aggregate as a partial replacement of single-size coarse aggregate with six different ratios, including 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 50%, for finding their effect on the mechanical properties, permeability, and abrasion resistance. The second group used waste glass granular as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate with the same rate of pumice aggregate to find their effect on the abrasion resistance ability of the previous concrete and compare them together. The obtained result showed that using lightweight aggregate as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate with a single size (9.5–12.5 mm) increased the mechanical properties and permeability of pervious concrete. The usage of LWA compared to the WGG in the previous concrete showed that LWA provided lower abrasion resistance ability (toughness) compared to the WGG.
Welcome to Materials and Interfaces
Authors: Xia Younan
Published: December 2024

Editorial
Welcome to Materials and Interfaces

Younan Xia 1,2

1 The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; younan.xia@bme.gatech.edu
2 School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
Received: 16 December 2024; Accepted: 17 December 2024; Published: 20 December 2024
Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Executive Function among Chinese Adolescents Aged 13-18
Authors: Yu Jianbo , Mu Chaoxiang , Liu Zhiqiang , Ma Lei , Yu Xiuming , Wang Lianlian , Chen Meng , Li Yumeng
Published: December 2024

Objective: Explore the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and execution function (EF) among Chinese adolescents aged 13-18.

Methods: After excluding invalid and outliers data, 3,465 participants (52.21%boys) from six major administrative regions in China were selected for the study. CRF (VO2max) in these adolescents was indirectly estimated using the 20m shuttle run test (20mSRT) and Léger equation. EF, including inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, was tested through the Flanker task, 2-back task, and more-odd shifting task, respectively. A shorter reaction time (RT) indicated better EF performance. Pearson correlation and stratified regression analysis were employed to investigate the association between CRF and EF among the adolescents.

Results: A negative association was observed between VO2max and the RT for inhibition, 2-back, and cognitive flexibility in Chinese adolescents (r=-0.048, -0.248, -0.172, respectively, P<0.01).

The VO2max was negative correlated with the RT for inhibition, 2-back, and cognitive flexibility in Chinese adolescents (r=-0.048, -0.248, -0.172, respectively, P<0.01). Stratified regression analysis, with VO2max as an independent variable and RT for inhibition, 2-back, and cognitive flexibility as dependent variables, revealed B values of -0.183, -15.099, and -3.904, respectively. This indicated that with every 1mL/kg·min increase in VO2max, the RT shortened by 0.183ms, 15.099ms, 3.904ms, respectively.

Conclusion: CRF was positively associated with EF, specifically inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.
Meta-Analysis the Impact of Technological Advancements on Social Interaction in the Digital Era
Authors: Putri Desly Dwiyana , Andini Syasya , Ingtyas Fatma Tresno , Sabrina Elsa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the impact of technological advancements on social interactions in the digital era. Using the meta-analysis method, data were collected from 15 relevant journals through a Google Scholar search. The findings reveal that technological advancements, particularly the use of gadgets and social media, have positive impacts, such as expanding social networks and facilitating communication. However, negative impacts were also identified, including a decline in the quality of social relationships due to reduced face-to-face interactions, increased social isolation, and various health issues. This study provides recommendations for the wise use of technology, such as through digital education and limiting gadget usage, to balance the benefits of technology with the quality of social relationships.
Relevance of Islamic Education Concept Abdul Karim Amrullah's Perspective in the Contemporary Era
Authors: Wahyudi Sahidin , Fatoni Ahmad
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the applicability of Abdul Karim Amrullah's conception of Islamic education in the modern day. Using a descriptive-qualitative methodology, this study examines a number of works that address the applicability of the idea of Islamic education from the viewpoint of Abdul Karim Amrullah in the modern period. The study's findings demonstrate that the curriculum or educational system put in place by Haji Rasul is still regarded as "ordinary" and masculine. According to multiple people the author spoke with, even Haji Rasul (HAMKA) "did not like" the curriculum and teaching strategies he employed at his Sumatra Thawalib school. At the local school where HAMKA first received his education, he thought he was having the most fun. He was quite constrained as a child, nevertheless, and did not feel as comfortable once his father moved him to Thawalib School in 1918. Therefore, rather than being overburdened with the stuff he had to memorize in class, tiny HAMKA decided to study in his own way, which involved spending more time in his teacher Zainuddin Labay el-Yunusy's library. But it is important to keep in mind that modern, more sophisticated education began with the Islamic education reform that Dr. H. Abdul Karim Amrullah, also known as Haji Rasul, initiated at the turn of the 20th century.
Herbicidas associados a óleo mineral e vegetal no controle em pós-emergência de plantas daninhas na cultura do alho
Authors: Maciel Cleber Daniel de Goes , Resende Juliano Tadeu Vilela de , Lustosa Sebastião Brasil Campos , Helvig Enelise Osco , Silva André Augusto Pazinato da , Matias João Paulo , Matheus Lucas Camargo , Theisen Rafael , Bridi Luiz Gustavo Henkemeier
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência e alguns aspectos de seletividade de herbicidas com ou sem óleo mineral e vegetal no controle em pós-emergência de plantas daninhas na cultura do alho (Allium sativum L.). O experimento foi conduzido a campo na Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO, Guarapuava/PR, com 26 tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos foram aplicações sequenciais duplas dos herbicidas (g ha-1): oxadiazon (1000), pendimethalin (1500), s-metolachlor (960), ioxynil octanoato (167,5), flumioxazin (50), oxyfluorfen (120), diuron (500) e bentazon (720) isolados ou associados ao óleo mineral Assist® (0,5 L ha-1) ou vegetal Klesh Gold® (0,1 L ha-1), assim como por testemunhas sem e com infestação de Ambrosia artemisiifolia (cravorana) e Raphanus raphanistrum (nabiça). Cravorana e nabiça foram satisfatória e eficientemente controladas com flumioxazin durante todo ciclo da cultura, ao contrário do oxyfluorfen e oxadiazon que necessitaram dos adjuvantes para atingir apenas eficiência satisfatória das mesmas espécies somente até 21 e 28 dias após aplicação, respectivamente. Aplicação sequencial de oxyfluorfen causou alta fitointoxicação, e consequentemente, maior redução no teor de clorofila e porte das plantas de alho. Aspectos relacionados a eficiência e seletividade indicaram o flumioxazin em aplicação sequencial, associado ou não a óleo mineral e vegetal, como estratégia promissora de manejo de plantas daninhas de difícil controle na cultura do alho. Entretanto, para garantir a segurança e qualidade desse sistema de produção, a cultivar Roxo Pérola de Caçador ainda precisar ser submetida a novos estudos com doses, estádios de aplicação e condições edafoclimáticas distintas para confirmar a seletividade ao flumioxazin.
Cardiovascular involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and midterm follow-up from a pediatric tertiary center in India
Authors: Varadarajan Poovazhagi , Solomon Ritchie Sharon , Subramani Seenivasan , Subramanian Ramesh , Srividya Gomathy , Raghunathan Elilarasi
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with coronavirus disease 2019, there was paucity of data from low-income and middle-income countries on cardiovascular involvement and its longitudinal outcomes. We planned to estimate the pattern of cardiovascular involvement among children with MIS-C and its mid-term outcomes.

AIM

To determine association between cardiovascular abnormalities and clinical and laboratory parameters. To study the time-line for resolution of various abnormalities.

METHODS

In this prospective study done in a tertiary care hospital, 270 were recruited from June 2020 to January 2022. Baseline demographic data and clinical presentation were recorded. Laboratory parameters and echocardiography were done at admission. Follow-up was done at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were used for parametric and non-parametric data. Risk factors were identified by multivariate regression analysis.

RESULTS

The 211 (78.2%) had cardiac involvement and 102 needed intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Cardiovascular abnormalities observed were shock 123 (45.6%), coronary dilatation 28 (10.4%), coronary aneurysm 77 (28.5%), left ventricular (LV) dysfunction 78 (29.3%), mitral regurgitation (MR) 77 (28.5%) and pericardial effusion 98 (36.3%). Coronary artery aneurysm/dilatation during follow-up at 2 weeks and 1 year were 25.7% and 0.9% respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed breathlessness [odds ratio (OR) = 3.91, 95%CI: 1.25-12.21, P = 0.019] and hi-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) support (OR = 8.5, 95%CI: 1.06-68.38, P = 0.044) as predictors of cardiovascular involvement. Higher mean age (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02-1.32, P = 0.026), breathlessness (OR = 4.99, 95%CI: 2.05-12.20, P < 0.001), gallop (OR = 4.45, 95%CI: 0.41-2.52, P = 0.016), MR (OR = 3.61, 95%CI: 1.53-8.53, P = 0.004) and invasive ventilation (OR = 4.01, 95%CI: 1.28-12.58, P = 0.017) were predictive of LV dysfunction. Altered sensorium (OR = 4.96, 95%CI: 2.23-11.02, P < 0.001), headache (OR = 6.61, 95%CI: 1.46-29.92, P = 0.014), HFNC (OR = 7.03, 95%CI: 2.04-24.29, P = 0.002), non-rebreathing mask usage (OR = 21.13, 95%CI: 9.00-49.61, P < 0.001) and invasive ventilation (OR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.42-22.45, P = 0.014) were risk factors for shock. Anemia was a risk factor for coronary involvement (OR = 3.09, 95%CI: 1.79- 5.34, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Significant number of children with MIS-C had cardiovascular involvement contributing to higher ICU management. Although shock resolved quickly, resolution of ventricular function and coronary abnormalities were slower, and hence warrants a structured long-term follow-up protocol.
Diet fortification for mild and moderate picky eating in typically developed children: Opinion review of Middle East consensus
Authors: Al-Beltagi Mohammed , Choueiry Elie , Alahmadi Najat , Demerdash Zeinab , Helmi Ayesh Wafaa , Al-Said Khoula , Al-Haddad Fatima , Shaaban Sanaa Y , Tawfik Eslam
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally, negatively impacting their physical and mental growth. Although common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters, including food selectivity, food neophobia, and food avoidance, there is no clear definition to assess this behavior. Due to the unavailability of data regarding picky eating, it wasn’t easy to estimate its prevalence.

AIM

To develop a regional protocol to help healthcare professionals identify and manage mild and moderate picky eating cases.

METHODS

A virtual roundtable discussion was held in April 2021 to gather the opinions of seven pediatricians and two pediatric dietitians from eight Middle Eastern countries who had great experience in the management of picky eating. The discussion covered different topics, including clearly defining mild and moderate picky eating, identifying the role of diet fortification in these cases, and the possibility of developing a systematic approach to diet fortification.

RESULTS

The panel identified picky eating as consuming an inadequate amount and variety of foods by rejecting familiar and unfamiliar food. Most of the time, moderate picky eating cases had micronutrient deficiencies with over- or undernutrition; the mild cases only showed inadequate food consumption and/or poor diet quality. Paying attention to the organic red flags like growth faltering and development delay and behavioral red flags, including food fixation and anticipatory gagging, will help healthcare professionals evaluate the picky eaters and the caregivers to care for their children. Although dietary supplementation and commercial food fortification play an important role in picky eating, they were no benefit in the Middle East.

CONCLUSION

The panel agreed that food fortification through a food-first approach and oral nutritional supplements would be the best for Middle Eastern children. These recommendations would facilitate identifying and managing picky-eating children in the Middle East.
Renal glucosuria in children
Authors: Torun Bayram Meral , Kavukcu Salih
Published: December 2024

The kidneys play a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Under normal renal tubular function, most of the glucose filtered from the glomeruli is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules, leaving only trace amounts in the urine. Glycosuria can occur as a symptom of generalized proximal tubular dysfunction or when the reabsorption threshold is exceeded or the glucose threshold is reduced, as seen in familial renal glycosuria (FRG). FRG is characterized by persistent glycosuria despite normal blood glucose levels and tubular function and is primarily associated with mutations in the sodium/glucose cotransporter 5A2 gene, which encodes the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2. Inhibiting SGLTs has been proposed as a novel treatment strategy for diabetes, and since FRG is often considered an asymptomatic and benign condition, it has inspired preclinical and clinical studies using SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. However, patients with FRG may exhibit clinical features such as lower body weight or height, altered systemic blood pressure, diaper dermatitis, aminoaciduria, decreased serum uric acid levels, and hypercalciuria. Further research is needed to fully understand the pathophysiology, molecular genetics, and clinical manifestations of renal glucosuria.
Autologous cord blood vs individualized supplements in autistic spectrum disorder: CORDUS study results
Authors: Stancioiu Felician A , Bogdan Raluca , Ivanescu Bogdan , Dumitrescu Radu
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Cellular therapies have started an important new therapeutic direction in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and the ample diversity of ASD pathophysiology and the different types of cell therapies prompt an equally ample effort to employ clinical studies for studying the ASD causes and cell therapies. Stem cells have yielded so far mixed results in clinical trials, and at patient level the results varied from impressive to no improvement. In this context we have administered autologous cord blood (ACB) and a non-placebo, material intervention represented by an individualized combination of supplements (ICS) to ASD children.

AIM

To compare the efficacy of ACB vs ICS and find markers correlated with the child's progress in order to better predict ACB efficacy.

METHODS

CORDUS clinical study is a crossover study in which both oral ICS and intravenous ACB were sequentially administered to 56 children; ACB was infused as an inpatient procedure. Treatment efficacy was evaluated pre-treatment and post-treatment at 6 months by an independent psychotherapist with Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and a 16-item comparative table score, after interviewing the children’s parents and therapists. Before and after each intervention participants had a set of blood tests including inflammatory, metabolic and oxidative markers, and the neuronal specific enolase.

RESULTS

No serious adverse reactions were noted during and after cord blood or supplement administration. ACB improved evaluation scores in 78% of children with age 3–7-years (n = 28), but was much less effective in kids older than 8 years or with body weight of more than 35 kg (n = 28; only 11% of children improved scores). ICS yielded better results than ACB in 5 cases out of 28, while in 23 kids ACB brought more improvement than ICS (P < 0.05); high initial levels of inflammation and ferritin were associated with no improvement. Ample individual differences were noted in children's progress, and statistically significant improvements were seen after ACB on areas such as verbalization and social interaction, but not on irritability or aggressive behavior.

CONCLUSION

ACB has superior efficacy to ICS in ASD; high inflammation, ferritin, age and body weight predict less improvement; more clinical studies are needed for studying ACB efficacy in ASD.
Importance of neonatal screening: A case study of sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis coexistence
Authors: Magalhães Nathalia Noyma Sampaio , Mathiasi Lucas Barra , Werneck Rodrigues Daniela de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Neonatal screening (NS) is a public health policy to identify genetic pathologies such as cystic fibrosis (CF), sickle cell disease, and other diseases. Sickle cell disease is the comprehensive term for a group of hemoglobinopathies characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S. CF is an autosomal recessive multisystemic disease with pathophysiology involving deleterious mutations in the transmembrane regulatory gene that encodes a protein that regulates the activity of chloride and sodium channels in the cell surface epithelium. NS is crucial for early diagnosis and management, which ensures a better quality of life.

AIM

To report a case of the coexistence of sickle cell anemia (SCA) and CF and perform an integrative literature review.

METHODS

This is an observational study and a review of the literature focusing on two rare genetic pathologies identified simultaneously in NS from the perspective of a clinical case. The authors identified only 5 cases of SCA associated with CF. No clinical trials or review articles were identified considering the rarity of the coexistence of these two pathologies.

RESULTS

Herein, the authors reported the case of a girl who after undergoing NS on day 8 of life was diagnosed with SCA with an alteration in the dosage of immunoreactive trypsin. The diagnosis of CF was confirmed by the Coulometry Sweat Test. The rarity of the co-occurrence of these two severe genetic pathologies (CF and SCA) is a challenge for medical science.

CONCLUSION

This study adds to the few case reports present in the literature that highlight the identification of two severe diseases via NS.
Psycho-gastroenterological profile of an Italian population of children with disorders of gut-brain interaction: A case-control study
Authors: Giorgio Valentina , Venezia Ilaria , Pensabene Licia , Blasi Elisa , Rigante Donato , Mariotti Paolo , Stella Giuseppe , Margiotta Gaia , Quatrale Giovanna , Marano Giuseppe , Mazza Marianna , Gasbarrini Antonio , Gaetani Eleonora
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are common, but knowledge about their physiopathology is still poor, nor valid tools have been used to evaluate them in childhood.

AIM

To develop a psycho-gastroenterological questionnaire (PGQ) to assess the psycho-gastroenterological profile and social characteristics of a pediatric population with and without DGBI.

METHODS

One hundred and nineteen Italian children (age 11-18) were included: 28 outpatient patients with DGBI (Rome IV criteria) and 91 healthy controls. They filled the PGQ, faces pain scale revised (FPS-R), Bristol stool chart, gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale, state-trait anxiety inventory, Toronto alexithymia scale 20, perceived self-efficacy in the management of negative emotions and expression of positive emotions (APEN-G, APEP-G), irritable bowel syndrome-quality of life questionnaire, school performances, tobacco use, early life events, degree of digitalization.

RESULTS

Compared to controls, patients had more medical examinations (35% of them went to the doctor more than five times), a higher school performance (23% vs 13%, P < 0.05), didn’t use tobacco (never vs 16%, P < 0.05), had early life events (28% vs 1% P < 0.05) and a higher percentage of pain classified as 4 in the FPS-R during the examination (14% vs 7%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Pediatric outpatients with DGBI had a higher prevalence of early life events, a lower quality of life, more medical examinations rising health care costs, lower anxiety levels.
Selenoprotein P1 as a biomarker of insulin resistance in pediatric obesity: Insights and implications
Authors: Cheng Chun-Han , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: December 2024

This editorial discusses the findings of Elbarky et al on the role of selenoprotein P1 (SEPP1) in pediatric obesity and insulin resistance. Their study uncovered significantly lower SEPP1 Levels in children who were obese compared with healthy peers, demonstrating a negative correlation between SEPP1 levels and measures of adiposity and insulin resistance. These findings suggest that SEPP1 is a biomarker useful in the early identification of insulin resistance in pediatric populations. This editorial emphasizes the clinical implications of the study and calls for further research to validate and explore the role of SEPP1 in metabolic health.
Improvement Strategies for Campus Culture Construction in Universities
Authors: Wu Xifeng , Altanshar BULGAA , Hu Mengmeng , Deng Xiangwu
Published: December 2024

Campus culture is a mirror of a university, reflecting its overall situation. Each university has its own distinct characteristics and unique development process. Campus culture construction is a construction activity that involves extensive participation from multiple parties. Only with the joint participation and efforts of all construction entities can we achieve the continuity and continuity of distinctive campus culture. After analysis, it was found that the main reasons for the problems include students' vague sense of belonging to the distinctive campus culture and teachers' limited energy in participating in campus culture construction. In response to the above issues and reasons, this study has made several thoughts on strengthening the construction of characteristic campus culture in ethnic colleges: following the principle of "coordinated and unified" characteristic campus culture construction, activating the endogenous motivation of student participation, and fully leveraging the exemplary and leading role of teachers.
Women’s Right to Abortion: A Comparative Study of The United States and France
Authors: Wu Sijing
Published: December 2024

This paper is a comparative examination of abortion rights in the United States and France, focusing on their contrasting socio-political, legal, and cultural landscapes. The U.S system highly polarized and shaped by the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision initially guaranteeing abortion rights under the right to privacy. However, the recent 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization ruling overturned Roe, returning abortion regulation to individual states and leading to a patchwork of restrictive and permissive laws a shift that intensified women's reproductive rights debates among religious and conservative movements. Contrastingly, France's Veil Law of 1975 legalized abortion marked a significant women’s reproductive autonomy. France has gradually expanded abortion access, with the legal limit extended to 14 weeks in 2022. The country's secularism approach as minimized the influence of religious ideologies on abortion policy, and feminist movements readily securing these rights. This comparative analysis establishes the impact of legal frameworks, political environments, and cultural contexts on women’s access to abortion services, implications for reproductive health, autonomy, and social justice.
Assessment of High Risk Pregnant Women by Fetal Echocardiography
Authors: Yaseen Munaf Jarallah , Neamaa Elaf Khashea , Haji Ghazi Farhan
Published: December 2024

Background: Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most prevalent type of congenital defect. Early identification of CHDS increases postnatal treatment options and outcomes. Objective: To compare the rate of CHDS in the general pregnant population to those at high risk. It also assesses the efficacy of using periodic fetal echocardiography throughout pregnancy to test for CHDs. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Medical City complex between September 1st, 2023, and May 1st, 2024. The fetal heart was screened antenatally during the mid-trimester. Data were gathered from 250 pregnant women, with half of them classified as high-risk due to fetal or maternal risk factors associated with congenital heart abnormalities. These parameters were compared to those seen in low-risk pregnancies to establish the need for fetal echocardiography. Results: The study comprised 250 pregnant women, with 125 in each of the low-risk and high-risk categories. The prenatal incidence of fetal cardiac disease was discovered to be 18%. Pregnancies with ultrasonography abnormalities had the highest prevalence, accounting for 37% of the overall high-risk category. In addition, 34 instances (14%) featured babies with minor cardiac abnormalities, while 6 cases (2%) involved fetuses with complicated cardiac disorders. Conclusions: The study found that CHDS is more common in high-risk pregnancies than in low-risk ones. All pregnant women, regardless of additional maternal concerns, should undergo prenatal screening, including CHDS detection.
Роль права в противостоянии России «гибридному геноциду»
Authors: Махтюк С.О. , Черданцев А.Ю.
Published: December 2024

В настоящей работе авторами рассматривается понятие геноцида, раскрывается его актуальное содержание с учетом современной правовой и политико-экономической действительности. Утверждается комплексный и разновекторный характер геноцида в эпоху «второй холодной войны», который включает в себя проявления в социальной сфере, в областях истории, культуры, экономики и, безусловно, права. Предложен и обоснован с научно-практической точки зрения термин «гибридный геноцид». Приводя в пример конкретные действия и решения стран «коллективного Запада» в отношении населения Российской Федерации, авторы демонстрируют, что в сегодняшнем мире геноцид не является простой линейной связью между преступными действиями и мгновенным причинением вреда. Сделан вывод, что геноцид следует рассматривать как сложное явление, зачастую имеющее отложенные (но оттого не менее тяжкие) последствия для пострадавшей стороны. В статье утверждается, что борьбу с гибридным геноцидом следует вести комплексно и адекватно возникающим вызовам. Основным и наиболее эффективным инструментом такой борьбы является оптимизация правового регулирования как внутригосударственных процессов, так и механизмов международного взаимодействия.

The article examines the concept of genocide, reveals its actual content, taking into account modern legal and political-economic reality. The authors assert the complex and multidirectional nature of genocide in the era of the “Second Cold War”, which includes manifestations in the social sphere, in the fields of history, culture, economics and law. The term “hybrid genocide” is proposed and substantiated from a scientific and practical point of view. The authors give an example of specific actions and decisions of the countries of the “collective West” against the population of the Russian Federation and demonstrate that in today's world genocide is not a simple linear relationship between criminal actions and instant harm. The article concludes that genocide should be considered as a complex phenomenon, often having delayed (but therefore no less grave) consequences for the affected party. The article argues that the fight against hybrid genocide should be conducted in a comprehensive manner and adequately to the emerging challenges. The main and most effective tool for such a struggle is the optimization of legal regulation of both domestic processes and mechanisms of international interaction.
Особенности процедуры допроса несовершеннолетнего потерпевшего на стадии предварительного расследования
Authors: Абрамкин А.Д.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены некоторые особенности процедуры допроса несовершеннолетнего потерпевшего на стадии предварительного расследования. Проанализирована судебная практика, раскрывающая некоторые особенности допроса несовершеннолетних лиц. Выявлены проблемные вопросы, возникающие при допросе несовершеннолетнего лица с участием педагога (психолога) из числа сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Сформулирован вывод о необходимости разработки соглашений между органом местного самоуправления в сфере образования и управлением МВД субъекта либо следственным управлением Следственного комитета Российской Федерации в каждом субъекте России.

The article discusses some features of the procedure for interrogating a minor victim at the stage of preliminary investigation. Judicial practice is analyzed, revealing some features of the interrogation of minors. Problematic issues that arise during the interrogation of a minor with the participation of a teacher (psychologist) from among internal affairs officers are identified. The conclusion is formulated about the need to develop agreements between the local government body in the field of education and the department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the subject or the investigative department of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in each subject of Russia.
Распространение в условиях специальной военной операции фейковой информации о российских Вооруженных Силах, добровольческих формированиях и государственных органах и их дискредитация как формы политического экстремизма
Authors: Киселев М.Б.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема экстремистских проявлений в отношении российских граждан, общества и государства в информационном пространстве в условиях специальной военной операции по демилитаризации и денацификации Украины, обосновывается отнесение дискредитации российских Вооруженных Сил, добровольческих формирований и государственных органов, распространения заведомо ложной информации об их деятельности по защите интересов страны, ее граждан, поддержанию международного мира и безопасности к формам политического экстремизма, приводятся данные складывающейся правоприменительной практики по ст. 207.3 и 280.3 УК РФ. В целях повышения эффективности превенции высказаны предложения о дополнении данными противоправными деяниями списка оснований для включения лиц, их совершающих, в перечень организаций и физических лиц, в отношении которых имеются сведения об их причастности к экстремистской деятельности и терроризму, о распространении сферы действия рассматриваемых уголовно-правовых норм в отношении информации о деятельности российских государственных органов по защите интересов страны и ее граждан, обеспечению международного мира и безопасности в пределах территории Российской Федерации.

The article examines the problem of extremist manifestations against Russian citizens, society and the state in the information space in the conditions of the special military operation of demilitarization and denazification Ukraine, substantiates the attribution of discrediting the Russian Armed Forces, volunteer formations and government bodies, and dissemination of deliberately false information about their activities to protect the interests of the country, its citizens, maintain international peace and security to forms of political extremism, and provides data on the emerging law enforcement practice under Art. 207.3 and 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In order to increase the effectiveness of prevention, the article makes proposals about adding the list of grounds by these unlawful acts for including persons, who commit them, in the list of organizations and individuals in respect of which there is information about their involvement in extremist activities and terrorism, and proposals to extend the scope of the criminal law norms under consideration in relation to information on the activities of Russian government bodies to protect the interests of the country and its citizens, ensuring international peace and security within the territory of the Russian Federation.
Strategic Solutions: Game Theory Perspectives on Climate Change in South Asian Cli-Fi
Authors: S Rahamath Nisha , Kumar S. Horizan Prasanna
Published: December 2024

Climate change is a significant concern to South Asia, requiring innovative policy development and public participation approaches. This study explores the application of game theory to analyze climate strategies depicted in two significant South Asian climate fiction (cli-fi) novels: The works of Amitav Ghosh's "The Hungry Tide" and Indra Sinha's "Animal's People." To examine how game theoretic analysis of cli-fi narratives can enable their contribution to climate policy and activism for South Asia. The approach adopted in this study involves the combined textual analysis of the selected novels, game theoretic modelling of climate scenarios described within, and comparative analysis of fictional approaches to climate problem solving with real-world climate policies. The analysis focuses on three key game theoretic concepts: common pool resource problems, negotiation games, and behavioural games. Both novels relegate intricate game theoretic environments for environmental decision-making and climate activism. Both "The Hungry Tide" and "Animal's People" explore the problem of common pool resources (CPR) within the Sundarbans ecosystem and the negotiation dynamics between victims of disaster and corporation’s post-disaster. Both narratives stress the need for local knowledge and community-based tools to deal with climate vulnerabilities. Through a game theoretic analysis, the critical insights from the game theoretic analysis provide essential guidance for formulating climate policy, including the importance of transparency, adaptive management strategies and robust legal frameworks to hold corporations accountable
The Use of ecfX Gene as a Specific Identification Target of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Infected Wounds
Authors: Ibrahim Teka  , Amal Elfaitori Alsbani  , Hajer Almuaget
Published: December 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen in medical settings, accounting for 10% to 20% of infections acquired. This oxidase-positive, Gram-negative bacteria is well-known for its ability to cause respiratory problems, wound infections, and pneumonia related to ventilator use especially in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Prompt and precise diagnosis of P. aeruginosa is essential in of the growing antibiotic resistance, particularly of the limited data on resistance patterns in Libyan healthcare settings. This investigation examines the frequency of P. aeruginosa infections in wounds at Misurata Medical Center and tests the effectiveness of RT-PCR, which targets the ecfX gene, in detecting the pathogen. In this study obtained 165 clinical samples were obtained from patients suffering from wound infections, and using both traditional and molecular methods, we were able to identify P. aeruginosa. The study showed that, in comparison to conventional biochemical approaches, RT-PCR targeting the ecfX gene provides a dependable technique for the quick and accurate detection of P. aeruginosa in clinical samples.
The Effectiveness of A Graphical Form Lecture on the Learning Comprehension of Business Administration And Accountancy Students of Jose Rizal University under A Hyflex Modality
Authors:   ttps://orcid.org/0009-0002 2656-6929 allan.galvez@jru.edu Jose Rizal University, Manila, Philippines, F. Galvez Allan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine if graphical lectures can enhance learning comprehension compared to traditional text-based lectures delivered in a Hyflex environment. In the contemporary educational landscape, where flexible learning environments are paramount, the HyFlex model integrates face-to-face and online components. The research focused on assessing the impact of graphical form lectures on the learning outcomes of Business Administration and Accountancy (BAA) students during Hyflex modality. Findings revealed a significant increase in learning comprehension scores among students who participated in the hyflex graphical lecture compared to traditional full-text learning presentations. The implementation of graphical elements in lectures yielded encouraging student responses regarding learning effectiveness.

Keywords: HyFlex; Graphical form; Full-text lectures; Comprehension
Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Expression (SOGIE) Bill as Perceived in One State University
Authors:   margarita.galang@lspu.edu.ph https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-2594 College of Teacher Education, A. Galang Margarita ,   Laguna State Polytechnic University, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines Malinta, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
Published: December 2024

This descriptive-comparative and correlational research aimed to determine the level of awareness and perception of one state university on the SOGIE bill including terms and behaviors associated with it. The study was participated in by 224 respondents who are affiliated with the university under survey. With the aid of various statistical tools such as frequency counts, weighted mean, standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Chi-square test of independence, the study found out that there is a significant difference in the respondents’ level of awareness and perception on SOGIE when grouped according to gender. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between their level of awareness and perception of SOGIE. These results may lead the Office of Student Affairs and Services (OSAS) in cooperation with the Gender and Development (GAD) office to craft guidelines and policies that will cater to the needs of individuals who are members of the LGBT community to promote a gender-bias-free environment inside the campus all the time.

Keywords: SOGIE bill, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, LGBT
Իրավական հասկացությունները Գրիգոր Տաթևացու «Գիրք քարոզութեան» Ամառան հատորի «Նորին քարոզ վասն տասնաբանեան օրէնս» գլուխներում
Authors: Գրիգորյան Սուսաննա
Published: December 2024

The “Books of Sermons” of Grigor Tatevatsi, written with the aim of introducing spiritual values into public life, before being written down, were first preached live to the people, and in the chapter “Ten Commandments” dozens of concepts given, being in the layer of commonly used words, were used as legal ones and are used according to all the norms of a legal concept.
Рассмотрение правовых понятий литературного наследия Григора Татеваци интересно само по себе, но крайне интересны новые слова, использованные автором в этой области, особенно в юридическом смысле, то есть в данном случае еще и в смысле восприятия тонкостей этих терминах современника. Иногда они содержат историческую информацию, как в случае со словом «гитвор» "githwor" - виновный, преступник).
Հայերէնէ անգլերէն զրուցատրութիւն
Authors: Խպլիկեան Զեփիւռ
Published: December 2024

Учебники - практические пособия, имеющие большое значение для обучения иностранному языку. Цель нашего исследования является наблюдение за изменением или развитием западноармянского языка с 1913 по 1963 год. Сравнительный параллельный анализ учебников, изданных в два разных года и в двух разных местах, показал, что за 50 лет западноармянский язык претерпел явные изменения как в словарном запасе, так и в структуре слов. Подобные исследования и экспертизы могут способствовать изучению языка и обогащению словарного запаса.
Textbooks are practical textbooks of great importance for teaching a foreign language. Printed publications that teach a foreign language and provide the opportunity to express oneself in it. Although the purpose of Armenian-English textbooks is to teach English, for us it has another importance: to observe the change or development of Western Armenian from 1913 to 1963. A comparative parallel examination of textbooks published in two different years and in two different places showed that during 50 years, Western Armenian has undergone a clear change in both vocabulary and word structure. Such studies and examinations can contribute to the research of the language and the enrichment of vocabulary.