bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and long-term progression of young patients with acute coronary syndrome in Brazil
Authors: Soeiro Alexandre de Matos , Fernandes Felipe Lourenço , Soeiro Maria Carolina Feres de Almeida , Serrano Jr Carlos Vicente , Oliveira Jr Múcio Tavares de
Published: October 2015

Objective In Brazil, there are few descriptions in the literature on the angiographic pattern and clinical characteristics of young patients with acute coronary syndrome, despite the evident number of cases in the population. The objective of this study was to evaluate which clinical characteristics are most closely related to the acute coronary syndrome in young patients, and what long-term outcomes are in this population.Methods This is a prospective observational study with 268 patients aged under 55 years with acute coronary syndrome, carried out between May 2010 and May 2013. Data were obtained on demographics, laboratory test and angiography results, and the coronary treatment adopted. Statistical analysis was presented as percentages and absolute values.Results Approximately 57% were men and the median age was 50 years (30 to 55). The main risk factors were arterial hypertension (68%), smoking (67%), and dyslipidemia (43%). Typical pain was present in 90% of patients. In young individuals, 25.7% showed ST segment elevation. Approximately 56.5% of patients presented with a single-vessel angiographic pattern. About 7.1% were submitted to coronary bypass surgery, and 42.1% to percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Intrahospital mortality was 1.5%, and the combined event rate (cerebrovascular accident/stroke, cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, and arrhythmias) was 13.8%. After a mean follow-up of 10 months, mortality was 9.8%, while 25.4% of the patients had new ischemic events, and 37.3% required readmission to hospital.Conclusion In the short-term, young patients presented with mortality rates below what was expected when compared to the rates noted in other studies. However, there was a significant increase in the number of events in the 10-month follow-up.
Body surface infrared thermometry in patients with central venous cateter-related infections
Authors: Silvah José Henrique , Lima Cristiane Maria Mártires de , Unamuno Maria do Rosário Del Lama de , Schetino Marco Antônio Alves , Schetino Luana Pereira Leite , Fassini Priscila Giácomo , Brandão Camila Fernanda Costa e Cunha Moraes , Basile-Filho Anibal , Cunha Selma Freire Carvalho da , Marchini Julio Sergio
Published: October 2015

Objective To evaluate if body surface temperature close to the central venous catheter insertion area is different when patients develop catheter-related bloodstream infections.Methods Observational cross-sectional study. Using a non-contact infrared thermometer, 3 consecutive measurements of body surface temperature were collected from 39 patients with central venous catheter on the following sites: nearby the catheter insertion area or totally implantable catheter reservoir, the equivalent contralateral region (without catheter), and forehead of the same subject.Results A total of 323 observations were collected. Respectively, both in male and female patients, disregarding the occurrence of infection, the mean temperature on the catheter area minus that on the contralateral region (mean ± standard deviation: -0.3±0.6°C versus-0.2±0.5ºC; p=0.36), and the mean temperature on the catheter area minus that on the forehead (mean ± standard deviation: -0.2±0.5°C versus-0.1±0.5ºC; p=0.3) resulted in negative values. Moreover, in infected patients, higher values were obtained on the catheter area (95%CI: 36.6-37.5ºC versus 36.3-36.5ºC; p<0.01) and by temperature subtractions: catheter area minus contralateral region (95%CI: -0.17 - +0.33ºC versus -0.33 - -0.20ºC; p=0.02) and catheter area minus forehead (95%CI: -0.02 - +0.55ºC versus-0.22 - -0.10ºC; p<0.01).Conclusion Using a non-contact infrared thermometer, patients with catheter-related bloodstream infections had higher temperature values both around catheter insertion area and in the subtraction of the temperatures on the contralateral and forehead regions from those on the catheter area.
Chemokines and immunity
Authors: Palomino Diana Carolina Torres , Marti Luciana Cavalheiro
Published: October 2015

Chemokines are a large family of small cytokines and generally have low molecular weight ranging from 7 to 15kDa. Chemokines and their receptors are able to control the migration and residence of all immune cells. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory, and their release can be induced during an immune response at a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling of cells migration during tissue development or maintenance. The physiologic importance of this family of mediators is resulting from their specificity − members of the chemokine family induce recruitment of well-defined leukocyte subsets. There are two major chemokine sub-families based upon cysteine residues position: CXC and CC. As a general rule, members of the CXC chemokines are chemotactic for neutrophils, and CC chemokines are chemotactic for monocytes and sub-set of lymphocytes, although there are some exceptions. This review discusses the potential role of chemokines in inflammation focusing on the two best-characterized chemokines: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a CC chemokine, and interleukin-8, a member of the CXC chemokine sub-family.
Acute management of unstable angina and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Silva Fernando Morita Fernandes , Pesaro Antonio Eduardo Pereira , Franken Marcelo , Wajngarten Mauricio
Published: October 2015

Non-ST segment elevation coronary syndrome usually results from instability of an atherosclerotic plaque, with subsequent activation of platelets and several coagulation factors. Its treatment aims to reduce the ischemic pain, limiting myocardial damage and decreasing mortality. Several antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents have been proven useful, and new drugs have been added to the therapeutic armamentarium in the search for higher anti-ischemic efficacy and lower bleeding rates. Despite the advances, the mortality, infarction and readmission rates remain high.
Desempenho e aspectos sanitarios de bezerras leiteiras que receberam dieta com ou sem medicamentos homeopaticos
Authors: Signoretti Ricardo Dias , Verissimo Cecilia Jose , Dib Vanessa , Souza Fernando Henrique Meneguello de , Garcia Tamires da Silva , Oliveira Elisa Marcela de
Published: October 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, do nascimento até os 120 dias de idade, o desenvolvimento corporal, o consumo de matéria seca (CMS), a conversão alimentar (CA) e os aspectos sanitários de 12 bezerras leiteiras que receberam dieta com ou sem o uso de medicamentos homeopáticos. Foram utilizadas bezerras 3/4 Holandês x 1/4 Gir recém-nascidas, com peso vivo médio inicial de 35,71 kg, distribuídas pelos tratamentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições por tratamento. Na fase de aleitamento (0 - 56 dias de idade) os tratamentos consistiram em leite, sendo 2 litros pela manhã e 2 à tarde, adicionado ou não a medicamentos homeopáticos (5 g/animal/dia dos FATORES PRÓ(r), ESTRESSE(r) e C&MC(r)), e concentrado à vontade. Na fase pós-aleitamento (57 - 120 dias de idade), os animais receberam o mesmo concentrado, adicionado ou não com os mesmos medicamentos homeopáticos, e o consumo do concentrado foi limitado a, no máximo, 3 kg/animal/dia. A adição de medicamentos homeopáticos à dieta não afetou (p > 0,05) o desenvolvimento corporal, o CMS e o CA em bezerras leiteiras. Houve menor uso de antibiótico e carrapaticida nos animais que receberam os produtos homeopáticos. Concluiu-se que o uso de medicamentos homeopáticos não afetou o desenvolvimento corporal e reduziu o número de animais tratados com medicamentos alopáticos.
Obtencao de animais negativos para Circovirus suino 2 oriundos de granjas positivas: estrategia de manejo
Authors: Castro Alessandra Marnie Martins Gomes de , Castro Junior Fernando Gomes de , Mori Cintia Kiomi , Cruz Tais Fukuta da , Baldin Cintia Manzatto , Budino Fabio Enrique Lemos , Araujo Junior Joao Pessoa , Richtzenhain Leonardo Jose
Published: October 2015

O objetivo do trabalho é descrever uma estratégia para a obtenção de animais negativos para o PCV2 oriundos de uma granja positiva para este vírus. Dezesseis leitões foram obtidos de fêmeas que tiveram os títulos de IgG anti-PCV2 e o DNA viral testados durante a gestação. Esses leitões, aos sete e dez dias de idade, foram transferidos para a unidade de pesquisa. Durante o período de 7 e 10 aos 49 e 52 dias de idade, amostras de soro, suabes nasal e fecal foram coletadas, a cada sete dias. Após esse período, três animais permaneceram na unidade de pesquisa e foram acompanhados dos 49 aos 114 dias de idade, com coletas realizadas a cada 28 dias. Não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,317) de viremia entre marrãs (n = 6) e porcas (n = 10). Com relação aos níveis de IgG, observou-se diferença significativa (p = 0,0213) entre porcas e marrãs. Os leitões (n = 16), obtidos de duas fêmeas, foram transferidos para a unidade de pesquisa. Os animais entre 7 e 10 dias e aos 49 e 52 dias de idade apresentaram queda de IgG e ausência de IgM anti-PCV2; e as amostras de soro, suabe nasal e fecal foram negativos para o DNA de PCV2. Após os 49 dias, nos três animais mantidos isolados, a detecção de IgG, IgM e DNA para PCV2 permaneceu negativa. Concluindo, a estratégia de manejo utilizada permitiu obter suínos negativos para PCV2 oriundo de granjas positivas para o agente.
Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after the intake of aflatoxins
Authors: Oliveira Samira Teixeira Leal de , Veneroni-Gouveia Gisele , Santurio Janio Morais , Costa Mateus Matiuzzi da
Published: October 2015

The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of the intake of aflatoxin on the development of tilapia and to evaluate the impact of inoculation with Aeromonas hydrophila on performance parameters, so these two individual tests were performed. One hundred and twenty fingerlings aged 35 days old, with mean weight of 1.55 ± 0.005 g and mean length of 5 cm were used in each test, distributed in 20 tanks. Each experimental unit consisted of a 60 L tank with six fingerlings. In the first experiment, increasing levels of aflatoxin (0.350, 0.757, 1.177 mg.kg feed-1) were used as treatments and, for the control group, a diet without aflatoxin was used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates. In the second experiment, a control group of Nile tilapia fingerlings was used and received a diet without aflatoxin, inoculated with saline solution (group 1) and Aeromonas hydrophila (group 2), as well as groups of animals fed on diets containing 0.350 mg.kg feed-1 of aflatoxin (group 3), 0.757 mg.kg feed-1 of aflatoxin (group 4) and 1.177 mg.kg feed-1 of aflatoxin (group 5), and these groups were inoculated with Aeromonas hydrophila. The survival rate and the total length of fingerlings were influenced by the treatments (p < 0.05). The synergistic action of aflatoxins and Aeromonas hydrophila was effective and caused the death of experimental fish, thus affecting feed conversion and length.
Efeito de extratos vegetais aquosos sobre a mosca-das-frutas Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Rohde Cristhiane , Moino Junior Alcides , Silva Patricia Krupa , Ramalho Kaio Roger de Oliveira
Published: October 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de extratos vegetais para o controle de Ceratitis capitata. Os tratamentos foram extratos aquosos preparados com vegetais frescos e secos na proporção de 20% p/v (peso do vegetal/volume de água) da folha, do ramo e do fruto de cinamomo, da folha de arruda, do alho e do gengibre. Para a avaliação sobre a fase imatura, cada repetição foi constituída de uma placa com 20 larvas ou 20 pupas, as quais foram imersas em 1 mL de extrato durante 30 segundos. Para o extrato preparado com os frutos secos de cinamomo, foram avaliadas as concentrações de 0, 5, 10, 15, 10 e 25% p/v. As avaliações foram realizadas após cinco dias, contando-se o número de larvas mortas, de pupas inviáveis e de adultos deformados. Para a fase adulta, foram avaliados apenas os extratos preparados com vegetais secos. Cada repetição foi constituída de um pote plástico contendo um fruto de ameixa vermelha e um rolete de algodão embebido com 5 mL de extrato. Foram transferidas três fêmeas e dois machos de C. capitata para cada pote plástico. Após dois dias, realizou-se a avaliação da mortalidade de adultos e a retirada dos frutos, os quais foram individualizados, e após sete dias contou-se o número de larvas desenvolvidas. Verificou-se que todos os extratos reduziram o número de insetos viáveis, com destaque para o de cinamomo, o qual teve efeito também sobre a fase adulta. Nas condições estudadas, nenhum extrato teve resultado sobre a fecundidade das fêmeas de C. capitata.
Aspectos da biologia e morfologia de machos da mosca-dos-brotos (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)
Authors: Gisloti Laura Jane , Prado Angelo Pires do
Published: October 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os aspectos biológicos e morfológicos de machos da mosca-dos-brotos Neosilba perezi (Diptera: Lonchaeidae). Em laboratório, o período de incubação dos ovos foi de dois dias, em média, com 55,5% de viabilidade. Criadas em dieta artificial, à base de farinha de mandioca, o tempo médio de desenvolvimento da larva recém-eclodida até a formação de pupa foi de 15 dias, e o período pupal médio foi de 23 dias. O ciclo biológico (ovo-adulto) foi de aproximadamente 40 dias. Os ovos são de coloração branca, forma elíptica e têm 960 ± 5,30 µm de comprimento e 290 ± 1,30 µm de largura na região central; as larvas de aspecto vermiforme, terceiro ínstar, são de coloração branco-leitosa e medem ± 10 mm de comprimento (3º ínstar).
Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cotton: vertical distribution of egg masses, effects of adult density and plant age on oviposition behavior
Authors: Boica Junior Arlindo Leal , Campos Zeneide Ribeiro , Campos Alcebiades Ribeiro , Valerio Filho Walter Veriano , Campos Ostenildo Ribeiro
Published: October 2015

The objective of this work was to determine the most suitable density of adults per plant, ideal plant age, and vertical distribution of eggs in different parts of the plant in a greenhouse investigation for future resistance studies and improvement of S. frugiperda management practices in cotton. The experiments of Spodotera frugiperda oviposition in relation to adult density, relationship between cotton plant age and Spodoptera frugiperda oviposition, Spodoptera frugiperda non-preference for oviposition on cotton varieties were conducted with plants of cotton variety BRS Ita 90. The experiments were conducted with plants of cotton variety BRS Ita 90. Non-preference (antixenosis) for oviposition was studied in FiberMax 966, FiberMax 977, DeltaOpal, DeltaPenta, Acala 90, Coodetec 408, Coodetec 409, Coodetec 410, BRS Cedro, BRS Ipê, BRS Aroeira, IPR 96, IPR 20, BRS Araçá, IAC 24, and BRS Ita 90 varieties. We concluded that the fall armyworm S. frugiperda prefers to oviposit on plants with approximately 60 days of age, on the lower surface of leaves located in the upper third of the plant tests under greenhouse conditions. A density of at least three pairs of S. frugiperda adults per plant was sufficient to conduct non-preference-for-oviposition tests under greenhouse conditions. Coodetec 408, BRS Aroeira, BRS Araçá, BRS Ita 90 and DeltaPenta varieties showed non-preference-for-oviposition resistance to S. frugiperda. In regions with high infestations of S. frugiperda, it would be prudent for the cultivation the use of BRS Ita 90 cotton variety.
Desenvolvimento de Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em diferentes hospedeiros
Authors: Jesus Flavio Goncalves de , Sousa Paulo Vinicius de , Machado Bruna Ribeiro , Pereira Alexandre Igor de Azevedo , Alves Gleina Costa Silva
Published: October 2015

Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) é uma praga em expansão nas culturas, que vem causando prejuízos pela desfolha e pela lesão nas estruturas reprodutivas, o que leva à necessidade de estudos de desenvolvimento em diferentes tipos de hospedeiros. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar o desenvolvimento de S. eridania em diferentes espécies de plantas hospedeiras. As lagartas foram criadas em laboratório em plantas de algodoeiro do cultivar Delta Opal. As lagartas recém-eclodidas foram individualizadas em placas de Petri e alimentadas com as plantas: mucuna-preta (Stizolobium aterrimum), feijão-guandu (Cajanus cajan), feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformes), nabo-forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), Crotalaria juncea e milheto (Pennisetum americanum). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: atratividade e consumo em teste com chance de escolha; viabilidade; período e peso larval e pupal; razão sexual; longevidade de adultos; e duração total do ciclo de desenvolvimento. As plantas de feijão-de-porco e nabo-forrageiro apresentaram maior atratividade e foram as mais consumidas pelas lagartas de S. eridania. O período larval foi menor nas lagartas alimentadas com mucuna-preta do que com feijão-guandu, feijão-de-porco, nabo-forrageiro e C. juncea. Lagartas alimentadas com folhas de nabo-forrageiro e C. juncea tiveram os maiores peso de pupa. Os melhores desenvolvimentos das lagartas foram obtidos nos hospedeiros feijão-guandu, nabo-forrageiro e C. juncea. O hospedeiro milheto influenciou negativamente os parâmetros biológicos das lagartas, provando não ser um hospedeiro viável, visto que a mortalidade larval foi de 100%.
Controle da ferrugem da folha do trigo (Puccinia triticina) em diferentes momentos de aplicação de fungicida
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Migliorini de , Pereira Diego Dionizio , Camargo Lenio Cesar Moraes de , Balan Marcelo Goncalves , Canteri Marcelo Giovanetti , Igarashi Seiji , Saab Otavio Jorge Grigoli Abi
Published: October 2015

A aplicação de fungicidas tem importante papel na cultura do trigo e sua eficácia está atrelada principalmente ao momento biológico para o controle. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência do momento de aplicação de fungicida nos danos decorrentes da ferrugem da folha do trigo (P. triticina). Um coletor de esporos Siga foi instalado na área experimental a fim de auxiliar na previsão da ocorrência da ferrugem antes da manifestação dos sintomas. O cultivar utilizado foi o CD 104 - susceptível à ferrugem - e as aplicações foram realizadas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a manifestação dos primeiros sintomas de ferrugem nas plantas. Avaliaram-se neste experimento a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença, obtida pela sua severidade, e os índices de produtividade (kg/ha) e peso hectolitro (g) da cultura. O coletor Siga foi capaz de detectar esporos de ferrugem antes da manifestação sintomática da doença, auxiliando na sua identificação no campo nos primeiros sintomas. O atraso nas aplicações de fungicida aumentou os níveis de severidade, reduzindo significativamente o nível de controle e ocasionando danos consideráveis à produtividade da cultura. Verificaram-se perdas de produtividade na ordem de 80 kg por dia de atraso na aplicação.
In vitro potency test for evaluation of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxoid
Authors: Salvarini Felipe Masiero , Lobato Zelia Ines Portela , Pires Prhiscylla Sadana , Silva Rodrigo Otavio Silveira , Alves Guilherme Guerra , Pereira Pedro Lucio Lithg , Lobato Francisco Carlos Faria
Published: October 2015

The control of enterotoxemia caused by the epsilon toxin, produced by Clostridium perfringens type D, is based on vaccination with epsilon toxoid. The potency test for this immunogen is conducted using seroneutralization in mice. Here, an in vitro test for detection of neutralizing antibodies with Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells was standardized in order to study alternative methodologies for the potency test. Titers observed in the in vivo and in vitro seroneutralization tests had a correlation of 99.73%.
Bioecologia e manejo de Gyropsylla spegazziniana em erva-mate
Authors: Barzotto Ionete Lucia Milani , Alves Luis Francisco Angeli
Published: October 2015

A erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) compõe um dos segmentos agroindustriais mais antigos e característicos da região Sul do Brasil, caracterizando-se como uma importante atividade socioeconômica. Para abastecer o mercado consumidor de derivadsupos da erva-mate, foi necessário reflorestar áreas com essa planta, o que simplificou o ecossistema e favoreceu algumas espécies de insetos fitófagos, os quais adquiriram status de praga. Nesse contexto, destaca-se a "ampola" da erva-mate Gyropsylla spegazziniana (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (Lizer e Treles) pela severidade de danos. Não existem inseticidas registrados para o controle dessa praga no Brasil, e diversos estudos apontam para o manejo populacional da praga. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é reunir informações sobre a bioecologia e as alternativas de manejo de forma a facilitar o entendimento da complexidade do controle de pragas no agroecossistema da erva-mate.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NON-STATIONARY FILTRATION IN SANDY SOILS
Authors: SHABANOV Vsevolod Aleksandrovich , PUPKOV Evgeniy Aleksandrovich , CASHIRINA Tatyana Vladimirovna
Published: October 2015

The paper presents the results of the research of fi ltration time through constant sand thickness at different entry pressures. Five values of entry pressures were considered, each experiment was performed seven times, and each test was repeated three times. The obtained results were interpreted as responses of one-factorial fi ve-level experiment. For data analysis methods of the dispersive analysis were used. Nonlinear dependence of time of infi ltration on an entry pressure is shown. The research results can be used when projecting anti-fi ltration devices of earth dams work.
VOLGOGRAD - TSARITSYN - STALINGRAD PLANNING PATTERN: GENESIS OF COMPONENTS (FROM 1589 TO THE 90-S OF XX CENTURY)
Authors: VERETENNIKOV Dmitry Borisovich , MYATEZHIN Michael Dmitrievich
Published: October 2015

The article focuses on the formation of Volgograd planning pattern while applying the method of component analysis of the changes in the city planning pattern and outlining the interdependence of these changes in the process of investigating the genesis of the planning pattern. The paper shows different stages of the quantitative growth of the city and qualitative changes in its planning organization. Quantitative growth of the road network in Volgograd and its qualitative changes over the time are investigated. The stages of both nodal and linear urban centers formation are marked. Processes of intensive and extensive development of these centers are described. Quantitative growth rates for all components of Volgograd planning pattern are determined. These figures are summarized in the tables. In conclusion a graphical sheme of the genesis of Volgograd - Tsaritsin - Stalingrad planning pattern is put forward.
ARCHETYPES: YESTERDAY AND TODAY. MODERN ARCHETYPES IN RUSSIAN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: KOLEVATYH Dmitry Alekseevich
Published: October 2015

In the article the author dwells upon blending of two cultures, Russian and European, in order to find something fresh and new. For some time architects were trying to search for Russian authenticity both in architecture and without. The author describes this idea of combining beautiful and useful as old-fashioned and urges to look for new solutions to the problem
RENOVATION OF FORMER INDUSTRIAL AREAS
Authors: KOTENKO Irina Alexandrovna , TOKAREVA Victoria Alexandrovna
Published: October 2015

The article dwells upon renovation of several large industrial parts of Samara. The authors explore the history of the development of industrial enterprises which were formed the first part of the 20th century, and the reasons of their land degradation. The article summarizes the characteristics of former industrial areas urban location and the problems of their development. It is concluded that prospects of these newly emerged territories in the public areas of the city are unique. Shortcomings of the proposed projects for the land reconstruction are analyzed. The authors aim to develop a methodology for renovation and fundamental transformation of these large industrial areas.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN OPERATING SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES
Authors: SHAYKHISLAMOV Andrey Vyacheslavovich , ZENTSOV Vyacheslav Nikolaevich , KHAIRULLIN Vitaliy Agzamovich
Published: October 2015

The paper states that operating sewage pumping station always goes together with high electrical energy consumption, even if most suitable sewage pumping is used. Under conditions of strongly marked land forms with height difference the authors suggest using the so-called “continuity of stream” and claim that it would result in short-term work of water-pumping sets. This method would allow to enlarge water-pumping sets overhaul period and to reduce energy costs. The paper introduces practical results obtained while operating a certain sewage facility. These results make possible to calculate the efficiency of the introduces method of clean water runoff pumping.
FaNGaS: Fast Neutron Gamma Spectroscopy instrument for prompt gamma signature of inelastic scattering reactions
Authors: Rossbach Matthias , Mauerhofer Eric
Published: October 2015

The FaNGaS instrument has been developed and constructed at the Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH for investigation of neutron inelastic scattering reactions using the fission neutron beam SR10 at the Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II)  operated by the Technische Universität München in Garching. Prompt emitted gamma rays from excited states of irradiated elements can be used for analytical purposes.
Jordan u-Generalized Reverse Derivations on Semiprime Rings
Authors: Reddy C. Jaya Subba , Rao G. Venkata Bhaskara , Rao S. Mallikarjuna
Published: October 2015

In this paper, we prove that if G is a Jordan u-generalized reverse derivation of a semi prime ring R of char.≠2, then G is a u-generalized reverse derivation. Similarly, we show that if G is a Jordan u-* generalized reverse derivation of a semi prime ring R of char.≠2, then G is a u-*generalized reverse derivation. We also prove that the commutativity of R if G([x,y]) =0.
The use of NPWT in combination with silver dressing in diabetic foot syndrome – case report
Authors: Walczak Dominik Andrzej , Jaguścik Rajmund , Ptasińska Karolina , Kozaczek Leokadia , Trzeciak Piotr Wojciech
Published: October 2015

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of angiopathy, neuropathy and infection compared with healthy individuals and that may lead to foot disorders. Treatment is difficult challenging and if it is not successful it often run to lower limbs amputations.We present case report of 63 years old man after amputation of big toe and part of metatarsus due to diabetic foot syndrome, successfully treated with negative pressure wound therapy in combination with silver dressing. The literature regarding this issue was also reviewed.
Improvement of Therapy Outcomes after Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in a Patient with Acne inversa.
Authors: Francuzik Wojciech , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Adamski Zygmunt
Published: October 2015

Treatment of acne inversa (also known as hidradenitis suppurativa) is complicated and chronic. This debilitating, inflammatory disease of the follicular sacks affects mostly young adults and has a strong negative impact on their quality of life. We present a case of a 28 year old woman with a history of acneinversa of Hurley grade 2 for 6 years. Patient underwent surgical excision of the skin of the left inguinum followed by negative pressure therapy dressings for 2 and a half weeks (5 dressing changes). This allowed a full closure of the wound after 12 weeks and formation of a well accepted scar. Patient’s paindecreased from 4.5 to 1.5 according to visual assessment scale. We also noted a 28 point decrease in disease severity score according to Sartorius scale and a 19 point decrease in Dermatology Life Quality Index. Two years prior admission patient had undergone surgical treatment of her right inguinum with split thickness skin grafting, which healed for 26 weeks and yielded less satisfactory results. Comparison photographs of both treatment results are presented.
Endoluminal Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (E-NPWT) for anastomotic leakage after rectal resection
Authors: Runkel Norbert Severin Friedrich , Birk Mechthilde
Published: October 2015

Background Local management of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer resection has traditionally consisted of rinsing and drainage. Transanal endoluminal application of NPWT (E-NPWT or endo-VAC or endo-sponge) is an interesting novel concept that has been explored in a few studies and case series over the last decade. We report herein our institutional experience over a three year period during which E-NPWT was the local treatment of choice for all cases with anastomotic leakage after rectal resection.Patients and MethodsThis study retrospectively evaluated the clinical charts of 147 consecutive patients who underwent anterior rectal resection from 2011-2013. A postoperative anastomotic leak occurred in eight (5%) patients from two straight anastomoses, one side-to-end construction, and five colonic pouches. All patients had undergone curative anterior resection with diverting ostomy. Transanal debridement and application of a trimmed foam were performed by rigid or fexibel endoscopy and started without delay after confirmation of diagnosis in seven patients 8-15 days postoperatively. In one patient E-NPWT began after failed fibrin-glue treatment 6 weeks later. The foams were connected to a standard vacuum pump with the pressure set at -70mmHg in a continuous mode. E-NPWT was maintained for a median period of 10 (5-25) days. The treatment intervals were typically 2-3 days.ResultsComplete healing was achieved in three cases during E-NPWT. In the remaining five patients, the defect reduced in size to allow further spontaneous healing. This occurred twice. One persistent sinus was successfully sealed with fibrin glue.  One persisting recto-vaginal fistula required surgical closure. One large defect secondary to ischemic pouch necrosis required secondary pouch explantation and permanent colostomy. The overall ileostomy reversal rate was 75%.ConclusionE-NPWT is feasible and without severe side effects. Early initiation prevents septic progression and results in a high closure rate in patients with pelvic leakage. Although complete healing is not achieved in recto-vaginal fistulas or ischemic necrosis of the neorectum, E-NPWT may play a potential role in bridging and damage control.
The Relationship of Osteoprotegerin, Matrix Gla Protein, and HbA1C in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Daulay Dwi Yuniati , Donosepoetro Marsetio , Kasiman Sutomo
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Many studies have reported that diabetes mellitus correlates with vascular calcification event that increases progressively in uncontrolled diabetes. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is known to act as a promoter in vascular calcification, contrary to Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), which is an inhibitor in vascular calcification. The aim of this study was to observe the progress of vascular calcification in uncontrolled diabetes patients by assessing biochemical markers OPG as promoter and MGP as inhibitor in vascular calcification.METHODS: This was an observational study with cross sectional design on adult male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, defined by DM Consensus Criteria Indonesia, 2006.RESULTS: The results of this study showed that there was a positive significant correlation between OPG and HbA1c (r=0.261, p=0.030), in contrast with MGP that showed no significant correlation with HbA1c. OPG also correlated significantly with Fasting Plasma Glucose (r=0.261, p=0.014). In uncontrolled diabetes group there was positive significant correlation between OPG and HbA1c (r=0.397, p=0.014). There was no significant difference found in the levels of OPG in controlled and uncontrolled diabetes groups (p=0.567), but OPG/MGP index showed higher difference (p=0.259). The OPG/MGP index also had positive significant correlation with HbA1c (r=0.285, p=0.018) and Fasting Plasma Glucose (r=0.313, p=0.009).CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested progress to vascular calcification in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of vascular calcification biomarkers are recommended to predict/detect vascular calcification event in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes mellitus, vascular calcification, OPG, MGP, HbA1c
Correlation of Apo B-48 and Apo B-100 with Oxidized LDL in Men with Central Obesity
Authors: Fibriani Maria Diah , Wijaya Andi , Bahar Burhanuddin
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Obesity has a central role in the metabolic syndrome, which raises the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASVCD). Apo B-48 and Apo B-100 are the necessary structural proteins required for the assembly and secretion of chylomicron and VLDL which have role in atherogenesis. The key initiating process in atherogenesis is the subendothelial retention of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. Oxidation of LDL is a hallmark of atherosclerosis development. The aim of this study was to asses the association between Apo B-48 and Apo B-100 with Oxidized-LDL as marker of atherosclerosis risk in central obesity. We hope that the result of this study can help to make a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of vascular disease.RESULTS: There were 68 patients aged 39.6±7.3 years, Apo B-48 concentration was 7.47±5.36 μg/mL, Apo B-100 was 117.26±25.74 mg/dL, and ox-LDL was 137.05±18.88 U/L. This study showed a significant correlation between Apo B-100 and ox-LDL (r=0.608, p<0.05) and correlation between Apo B-48 and ox-LDL (r=0.171, p<0.05). The levels of Apo B-100 were significantly different between obese with Mets and obese without Mets individuals (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that Apo B-100 concentration increase in obese in Mets as compared with obese without Mets. Apo B-48 and Apo B-100 were correlated with Oxidized LDL, but correlation between Apo B-100 and ox-LDL more significant that Apo B-48and ox-LDL.KEYWORDS: obesity, atherogenesis, Apo B-48, Apo B-100, ox-LDL
Survivin S81A Enhanced TRAIL's Activity in Inducing Apoptosis
Authors: Sandra Ferry , Khosravi-Far Roya
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Survivin is rarely expressed in normal healthy adult tissues, however, it is upregulated in the majority of cancers. Survivin, which belongs to IAPs family, has been widely reported to protect cells from apoptosis by inhibiting caspases pathway. Survivin’s mitotic activity is modulated by many kinases, and its phosphor status can also influence its ability to inhibit apoptosis. There are several important survivin’s phosphorylation sites, such as S20 and T34. We have continued our investigation on other potential survivin’s phosphorylation sites that could be important site for regulating survivin’s cyto-protection.METHODS: By assuming that S81 could be a potential target to modify activity of survivin, wild-type survivin (Survivin), antisense survivin (Survivin-AS), mutated-survivin Thr34Ala (Survivin-T34A) and mutated-survivin Ser81Ala (Survivin-S81A) were constructed and inserted into pMSCV-IRES-GFP vector with cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Each retroviral product was produced in BOSC23 cells. LY294002 pretreatment and TRAIL treatment along with infection of retroviral products were performed in murine fibrosarcoma L929 cells. For analysis, flow cytometric apoptosis assay and western blot were performed.RESULTS: In our present study, survivin for providing cytoprotection was regulated by PI3K. The results showed that LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, effectively suppressed survivin-modulated cytoprotection in a TRAIL-induced apoptotic model. In addition, mutated survivin S81A showed marked suppression on survivin’s cytoprotection. Along with that, TRAIL’s apoptotic activity was enhanced for inducing apoptosis.CONCLUSION: We suggested that survivin could inhibit apoptosis through PI3K and S81A could be another potential target in order to inhibit Survivin-modulated cytoprotection as well as to sensitize efficacy of TRAIL or other related apoptotic inducers.KEYWORDS: apoptosis, survivin, TRAIL, S81A, L929, LY294002
Correlation of Ferritin and Transferrin Serum with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Nurfina Waode , Yusuf Irawan , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: The low inflammatory state that accompanies the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) associates with the overexpression of oxidative stress. Ferritin and Transferrin serum are often used to measure iron status and their concentrations are altered in several metabolic conditions. We hypothesized that concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serum increase in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and correlate with the inflammation and oxidative stress.METHODS: We studied 65 male MetS patients, aged 43.26±7.16 years. Iron metabolism was measured by concentration of Ferritin and Transferrin serums, while inflammatory and oxidative stress by high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hsCRP) and F2-Isoprostane.RESULTS: Concentration of Ferritin 315.70±188.63 ng/L and Transferrin 2.36±0.31 g/L increased along with increasing components of MetS. Concentration of Ferritin serum had a positive correlation with hsCRP (r=0.220) and F2-Isoprostane (r=0.023).CONCLUSION: Serum concentration of Ferritin increased in the MetS and correlates with hsCRP and F2-Isoprostane.KEYWORDS: metabolic syndrome, ferritin, transferrin, hsCRP, F2-isoprostane
MicroRNAs in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that play important roles in development of diseases. Several studies have provided evidences showing that miRNAs affect pathways that are fundamental for metabolic control in adipocyte and skeletal muscle differentiations. Some miRNAs have been implicated in lipid, amino acid, and glucose homeostasis. This leads to the possibility that miRNAs may contribute to common metabolic diseases and point to novel therapeutic opportunities based on targeting of miRNAs.CONTENT: miRNAs have been recognized as a class of epigenetic regulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis, primarily because the simultaneous regulation of a large number of target genes can be accomplished by a single miRNA. Emerging evidences suggest that miRNAs play a key role in the pathological development of obesity by affecting adipocyte differentiation. miRNAs have been implicated as novel protagonists in the pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), regulation of insulin production, secretion and action. They also appear to play a role in the development of diabetic complications such as nephropathy and cardiac hypertrophy.SUMMARY: Involvement of miRNAs in glucose and lipid metabolism has provided strong evidences to confirm their roles as key players in regulation of complex metabolic pathways. Additionally, it indicates potential outlook for novel therapeutic strategies in the management of obesity, metabolic syndrome and DM. Further research in this field is needed to ascertain the full potential of miRNAs as novel metabolic biomarkers and potent therapeutic agents against obesity and its metabolic disorders.KEYWORDS: obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, miRNAs, adipogenesis, insulin, pancreatic cells
The Correlation of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (γ-GT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) with Inflammatory Marker in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Gunawan Susana , Santoso Anwar , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: γ-GT is known as a primary enzyme that constituent extracellular glutathione catabolism. Various researches have proven that an increase in γ-GT concentration is related to oxidative stress and to components of metabolic syndrome. With individuals having metabolic syndrome as research subjects, our objective is to find the correlation of γ-GT, GPx and SAT.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study done on 36 subjects with metabolic syndrome who met the IDF 2005 criteria. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS for Windows ver.11.5 with a significance level of p<0.05. The correlation among biomarkers were assessed using Spearman’s Rho test.RESULTS: γ-GT concentration was correlated negatively with GPx concentration (r=-0.411, p=0.014), but correlated positively with hs-CRP concentration (r=0.385, p=0.022). The increase of γ-GT concentration had a potential risk 8.5 times higher than the increase of hs-CRP concentration, which proved to be more dominant in comparison to its risk to γ-GT/GPx or γ-GT/SAT ratios (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: An increase in γ-GT concentration characterizes signs of oxidative stress syndrome and of inflammation in individuals with metabolic syndrome.KEYWORDS: γ-GT, GPx, SAT, inflammation, metabolic syndrome
Association among Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor I, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Procollagen C-terminal Propeptide type I, and N-Terminal proBrain Natriuretic Peptide in Heart Failure
Authors: Yolanda Mona , Donosepoetro Marsetio , Santoso Anwar , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is associated with an increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, especially soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFR I), but the underlying mechanism to the relationship between sTNFR I activation and the progression of HF is not yet fully understood. This study aims to see the association between sTNFR I, MMP-9, PICP, and NT-proBNP in the progression of HF.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study which recruited 45 subjects with HF confirmed by echocardiography and NT-proBNP. Concentration sTNFR I, MMP-9, and PICP were measured using ELISA method, whereas NT-proBNP concentration was measured using ECLIA method. Univariate linear regression analysis, path analysis and General Linear Model were used to determine which parameters played the most significant role in HF.RESULTS: Results of the univariate linear regression and path analysis showed there was a linear relationship between sTNFR I with MMP-9, with R square of 25.8% (p=0.00; r=0.508), R square sTNFRI and MMP-9 with PICP was 14.4% (p=0.038; r=0.379) and R square MMP-9 and PICP with NT-proBNP was 39.6% (p=0.00; r=0.629). From the General Linear Model we found that the important predictor for HF was through MMP-9 and PICP.CONCLUSION: sTNFR I as a proinflammatory factor is one of the factors involved in the heart failure as seen by NT-proBNP through activation of brosis (PICP) and remodeling factor (MMP-9).KEYWORDS: sTNFR I, MMP-9, PICP, NT-proBNP, heart failure
Progress and Future Challenges of Human Induced Pluripotents Stem Cell in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Less than a decade ago the prospect for reprogramming the human somatic cell looked bleak at best. It seemed that the only methods at our disposal for the generation of human isogenic pluripotent cells would have to involve somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Shinya Yamanaka in August 2006 in his publication (Cell) promised to change everything by showing that it was apparently very simple to revert the phenotype of a differentiated cell to a pluripotent one by overexpressing four transcription factors in murine fibroblasts.CONTENT: Mouse and human somatic cells can be genetically reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by the expression of a defined set of factors (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, as well as Nanog and LIN28). iPSCs could be generated from mouse and human fibroblasts as well as from mouse liver, stomach, pancreatic, neural stem cells, and keratinocytes. Similarity of iPSCs and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) has been demonstrated in their morphology, global expression profiles, epigenetic status, as well as in vitro and in vivo differentiation potential for both mouse and human cells. Many techniques for human iPSCs (hiPSCs) derivation have been developed in recent years, utilizing different starting cell types, vector delivery systems, and culture conditions. A refined or perfected combination of these techniques might prove to be the key to generating clinically applicable hiPSCs.SUMMARY: iPSCs are a revolutionary tool for generating in vitro models of human diseases and may help us to understand the molecular basis of epigenetic reprogramming. Progress of the last four years has been truly amazing, almost verging on science fiction, but if we can learn to produce such cells cheaply and easily, and control their differentiation, our efforts to understand and fight disease will become more accessible, controllable and tailored. Ability to safely and efficiently derive hiPSCs may be of decisive importance to the future of regenerative medicine.KEYWORDS: iPSCs, ESC, reprogramming factor, reprogramming efficiency, somatic cell
Correlation between hsCRP and Anti-beta2GPI Antibody in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Djohari Meiriza , Arif Mansyur , Bahar Burhanuddin
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Several researches reported that inflammatory and immunological mechanism such as autoantibody to β2-glycoprotein I (anti β2GPI) appear as related factors in initiation and progress of atherosclerosis lesion in patient with autoimmune disease. Antibody to β2GPI titers are correlated with atherosclerosis and in vitro studies showed that they enhance oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake by macrophages. Immunization with auto-antigen β2GPI elicits an immune response to influence lesion progression that mostly happens in autoimmune subjects. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is combination of several metabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and conditions due to inflammation and stress oxidative. The Correlation between inflammatory markers such as High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and anti-β2GPI antibody in MetS needs to be further investigated.METHODS: This was an observational study with cross sectional design on subject with MetS as determined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2005’s criteria.RESULTS:There was a positive and significant correlation between hsCRP and anti-β2GPI antibody in MetS group (r=0.406; p≤0.05) as compared to non-MetS group. We found that there was elevated level of anti-β2GPI antibody in hsCRP of 3-10 mg/L.CONCLUSIONS: Anti-β2GPI antibody may be elevated in subjects with MetS who have low grade of inflammation as shown by hsCRP.KEYWORDS: metabolic syndrome, inflammation, autoantigen, atherosclerosis, obesity
Drought indices supporting drought management in transboundary watersheds subject to climate alterations
Authors: Al-Faraj Furat A. M. , Scholz Miklas , Tigkas Dimitris , Boni Martino
Published: October 2015

There is growing concern in Iraq about the inefficiency of reactive drought management practices. Corresponding actions are largely characterized as emergency-based responses that treat the symptoms of drought rather than consider the vulnerability components associated with impacts. The Diyala watershed shared between Iraq and Iran has been used as an example transboundary river basin marked by ineffectiveness of drought management. The standardized precipitation index and the reconnaissance drought index were used to determine the historical meteorological drought episodes and analysis indicated climate change-induced alterations in the area. Spatiotemporal drought maps were drawn, which can be used for the identification of drought prone areas and assist with proactive planning. This paper discusses the underlying causes of the impairments of drought management policies, and the challenges and difficulties accompanying the governance of drought in Iraq. Given the influence of climate change and the upstream anthropogenic pressures, the time has come to adopt a gradual nation-wide transition step to drought risk planning incorporating a management approach at the transboundary scale. Moreover, the institutional and technical water vulnerability components associated with drought management should be considered in an integrated manner. The paper presents a generic technical template to support decision-makers in drought risk management.