bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reparative Remembrance: Feminist Mobilizations of Louise Michel, Emma Goldman, and Sylvia Pankhurst
Authors: Vlessing Clara
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The multivalent processes by which historic activists are remembered are shaped by contemporary political projects. Drawing on recent insights into the relationship between memory and activism, I contend that the longstanding cultural remembrance of three late-nineteenth to early-twentieth-century revolutionaries has depended on their reappraisal by “second-wave” feminist movements in the late twentieth century. Moving from an account of their adversarial relations to the women’s movements of their day to their subsequent interpretation as exemplary feminists, selected works of feminist auto/biography have undoubtedly contributed to these figures’ changing remembrance over time. A rhetoric of repair is therefore central to life writing by second-wave feminists, and reparative remembrance has had a continuing impact on these figures’ representation up to the present day. Abstract: Les processus polyvalents par lesquels la mémoire des militants et militantes historiques est perpétuée sont façonnés par les projets politiques contemporains. Sur la base d’observations récentes concernant la relation entre la mémoire et l’activisme, nous soutenons que la mémoire culturelle pérenne de trois révolutionnaires de la fin du XIXe et du début du XXe siècle s’est articulée autour du réexamen qu’en ont fait les mouvements féministes de la « deuxième vague » à la fin du XXe siècle. Certains ouvrages biographiques ou d’auto-biographie féministes ont sans aucun doute contribué à l’évolution du souvenir de ces figures au fil du temps, en faisant passer le récit de leurs relations conflictuelles avec les mouvements féminins de leur époque à une interprétation ultérieure faisant d’elles des féministes exemplaires. Nous pouvons donc avancer qu’une rhétorique de la réparation est au cœur de l’écriture des féministes de la deuxième vague, et que la remémoration réparatrice a eu une incidence continue sur la représentation de ces figures jusqu’à ce jour.
Memory from Below: Emma Goldman, Counter-Monuments, and the Politics of Public Memory
Authors: Shpolberg Angela
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Two public memorials dedicated to Emma Goldman (1869–1940), a radical early feminist, are examined within a broader discussion about the preservation of feminist collective memory. Goldman was a prominent anarchist and advocate for women’s rights, labour rights, and freedom of speech, who was in conversation with the American women’s suffrage movement throughout her life—and was one of the rare critical voices pushing the movement toward ever more progressive positions from the left. Contrasting traditional forms of commemoration with the “counter-monuments” designed by artists and spontaneously erected by her admirers allows us to explore the effects of such memorials on the forms public memory can take and the stakes involved in those formal choices. Abstract: Deux lieux de commémoration publics dédiés à Emma Goldman (1869-1940), une féministe radicale et pionnière, sont examinés dans le cadre d’une discussion plus large sur la préservation de la mémoire collective féministe. Goldman était une anarchiste de renom qui défendait les droits des femmes, les droits des travailleurs et la liberté d’expression. Tout au long de sa vie, elle s’est entretenue avec le mouvement américain pour le droit de vote des femmes —et a été l’une des rares voix critiques à pousser le mouvement vers des positions toujours plus progressistes émanant de la gauche. La mise en contraste des formes traditionnelles de commémoration et des « contre-monuments » conçus par des artistes et érigés spontanément par ses admirateurs nous permet d’explorer les effets de ces lieux commémoratifs sur les formes que peut prendre la mémoire publique et sur les enjeux liés à ces choix formels.
Topological phase-dependent thermalization dynamics in radiative heat transfer: insights from a one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Authors: Bahmani Farzam , Nikbakht Moladad
Published: December 2023

Various unusual behavior of artificial materials is governed by their topological properties, among these, the edge state in classical and quantum wave systems has captured significant attention due to its widespread relevance and applications across various fields of study. Observation of such topological features has led researchers to extend the idea of band theory to diffusive systems. Inspired by the well-known Su-Schriefer-Heegar (SSH) model we employed the concept of band topology to explore the topological characteristics of radiative heat transfer in a one-dimensional chain consisting of an odd number of nanoparticles. We demonstrate the topological phase transition, and topological modes with edge as well as bulk states in an array of nanoparticles exchanging heat via radiation. The demonstrated topological features of radiative systems can find important applications in the future studies of heat transfer at the nanoscale.
Nano-compositional imaging of the lanthanum silicide system at THz wavelengths
Authors: Kim R. H. J. , Pathak A. K. , Park J.-M. , Imran M. , Haeuser S. J. , Fei Z. , Mudryk Y. , Koschny T. , Wang J.
Published: December 2023

Terahertz scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (THz-sSNOM) provides a noninvasive way to probe the low frequency conductivity of materials and to characterize material compositions at the nanoscale. However, the potential capability of atomic compositional analysis with THz nanoscopy remains largely unexplored. Here, we perform THz near-field imaging and spectroscopy on a model rare-earth alloy of lanthanum silicide (La–Si) which is known to exhibit diverse compositional and structural phases. We identify subwavelength spatial variations in conductivity that is manifested as alloy microstructures down to much less than 1 μm in size and is remarkably distinct from the surface topography of the material. Signal contrasts from the near-field scattering responses enable mapping the local silicon/lanthanum content differences. These observations demonstrate that THz-sSNOM offers a new avenue to investigate the compositional heterogeneity of material phases and their related nanoscale electrical as well as optical properties.
Fano resonance-integrated metal nanoparticles' enhanced sensing for pesticide detection
Authors: Yan Xin , Liang LanJu , Zhang Rui , Wu GuiFang , Yao HaiYun , Li ZhenHua , Wang ZiQun , Hu XiaoFei , Li YuanPing , Zhang YongGang
Published: December 2023

The combined application of metasurface and terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy techniques has received considerable attention in the fields of sensing and detection. However, to detect trace samples, the THz wave must still be enhanced locally using certain methods to improve the detection sensitivity. In this study, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a fano resonance metasurface-based silver nanoparticles (FaMs-AgNPs) sensor. AgNPs can enhance the sensitivity of the sensor by generating charge accumulation and inducing localized electric field enhancement through the tip effect, thereby enhancing the interaction between the THz waves and analytes. We investigated the effects of four different contents of AgNPs, 10 µl, 20 µl, 30 µl and 40 µl, on the detection of acetamiprid. At 30 µl of AgNPs, the amplitude change of the FaMs-AgNPs sensor was more pronounced and the sensitivity was higher, which could detect acetamiprid solutions as low as 100 pg/ml. The FaMs-AgNPs sensor has the advantages of a simple structure, easy processing, and excellent sensing performance, and has a great potential application value in the field of THz trace detection and other fields.
(3+1)-dimensional Pearcey–Gaussian wave packet with arbitrary velocity driven by flying focus
Authors: Luo Yingjun , Liang ZeHong , Mo ZhenWu , Shi Jingyi , Huang JingHuan , Yang YongZheng , Lin XiaoJun , Ruan Zhang , Wang Cen , Ouyang Min , Deng DongMei
Published: December 2023

The group velocity (GV) modulation of space–time wave packets (STWPs)
along the transverse and longitudinal directions in free space is
constrained by various factors. To surmount this limitation, a
technique called “flying focus” has been developed, which enables the
generation of laser pulses with dynamic focal points that can
propagate at arbitrary velocities independent of GV. In this Letter,
we propose a (3+1)-dimensional Pearcey–Gauss wave packet based on the
“flying focus” technique, which exhibits superluminal propagation,
transverse focus oscillation, and longitudinal periodic autofocusing.
By selecting appropriate parameters, we can flexibly manipulate the
position, the size, and the number of focal points- or make the wave
packet follow a desired trajectory. This work may pave the way for the
advancement of space–time structured light fields.
A new variant of the colistin resistance gene MCR-1 with co-resistance to β-lactam antibiotics reveals a potential novel antimicrobial peptide
Authors: Liang Lujie , Zhong Lan-Lan , Wang Lin , Zhou Dianrong , Li Yaxin , Li Jiachen , Chen Yong , Liang Wanfei , Wei Wenjing , Zhang Chenchen , Zhao Hui , Lyu Lingxuan , Stoesser Nicole , Doi Yohei , Bai Fang , Feng Siyuan , Tian Guo-Bao
Published: December 2023

The emerging and global spread of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, threatens human health. Expression of the MCR-1 protein affects bacterial fitness and this cost correlates with lipid A perturbation. However, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified the MCR-1 M6 variant carrying two-point mutations that conferred co-resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Compared to wild-type (WT) MCR-1, this variant caused severe disturbance in lipid A, resulting in up-regulation of L, D-transpeptidases (LDTs) pathway, which explains co-resistance to β-lactams. Moreover, we show that a lipid A loading pocket is localized at the linker domain of MCR-1 where these 2 mutations are located. This pocket governs colistin resistance and bacterial membrane permeability, and the mutated pocket in M6 enhances the binding affinity towards lipid A. Based on this new information, we also designed synthetic peptides derived from M6 that exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, exposing a potential vulnerability that could be exploited for future antimicrobial drug design.
Classification of hyper-scale multimodal imaging datasets
Authors: Macfadyen Craig , Duraiswamy Ajay , Harris-Birtill David
Published: December 2023

Algorithms that classify hyper-scale multi-modal datasets, comprising of millions of images, into constituent modality types can help researchers quickly retrieve and classify diagnostic imaging data, accelerating clinical outcomes. This research aims to demonstrate that a deep neural network that is trained on a hyper-scale dataset (4.5 million images) composed of heterogeneous multi-modal data can be used to obtain significant modality classification accuracy (96%). By combining 102 medical imaging datasets, a dataset of 4.5 million images was created. A ResNet-50, ResNet-18, and VGG16 were trained to classify these images by the imaging modality used to capture them (Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and X-ray) across many body locations. The classification accuracy of the models was then tested on unseen data. The best performing model achieved classification accuracy of 96% on unseen data, which is on-par, or exceeds the accuracy of more complex implementations using EfficientNets or Vision Transformers (ViTs). The model achieved a balanced accuracy of 86%. This research shows it is possible to train Deep Learning (DL) Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with hyper-scale multimodal datasets, composed of millions of images. Such models can find use in real-world applications with volumes of image data in the hyper-scale range, such as medical imaging repositories, or national healthcare institutions. Further research can expand this classification capability to include 3D-scans.
The effectiveness of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of maternal postnatal depression: A systematic review
Authors: Geary Orla , Grealish Annmarie , Bright Ann-Marie
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Postnatal depression is a significant public health issue which may escalate and lead to adverse outcomes for women, infants, their family and the wider society. The aim of this review was to examine the effectiveness and experiences of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of maternal postnatal depression and to synthesise these findings to inform policy, practice and further research.

Methods

A systematic search of five academic databases was conducted: CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database in February 2023 with no date or geographic limiters set owing to the paucity of research on this subject area. Quality appraisal was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tools and all included RCT’s were assessed separately using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse the data.

Findings

A total of (n = 323) studies were returned of which (n = 8) met the inclusion criteria for the review. This review identified a total sampling of (n = 521) women with maternal postnatal depression. The results are presented under three themes: 1) the effectiveness of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of postnatal depression; 2) women’s experiences of mother-led infant massage; and 3) the effects of mother-led infant massage on the mother-infant relationship.

Discussion

The review highlights women who used infant massage displayed a reduction in symptoms of postnatal depression, improved mother-infant interactions and improved self-efficacy in addition to benefits for infants. Public Health Nurse/Community Midwife-led infant massage may help to relieve such symptoms and empower women.
Wind turbines as new smokestacks: Preserving ruralness and restrictive land-use ordinances across U.S. counties
Authors: Ko Inhwan , Dolšak Nives , Prakash Aseem
Published: December 2023

Renewable energy (RE) facilities provide a global public good of climate mitigation but impose local costs such as landscape disruption and harming the rural character. Because of their land-intensive nature, utility-scale RE facilities tend to be located in rural areas with plentiful and cheap land. In the U.S., about every fourth county (729 of 3,143) has enacted ordinances restricting the siting of RE facilities. Drawing on a novel dataset of county-level restrictions on wind and solar RE facilities for the period 201o-2022, we explore whether, all else equal, levels of ruralness motivate the onset of such restrictions. As the policy literature on problem visibility suggests, we find support for this hypothesis for wind energy facilities only, probably because wind turbines due to their height tend to disrupt the rural landscape and are visible from long distances. We also find that counties are more likely to adopt restrictions for both wind and solar when adjacent counties have enacted them, thereby suggesting a contagion effect in the onset of restrictions. Contrary to the prevalent view on partisanship in climate policy, liberal counties are likely to restrict wind facilities. Our paper points to important sociological and quality-of-life factors that might be impeding the clean energy transition.
Measurements of methane and nitrous oxide in human breath and the development of UK scale emissions
Authors: Dawson Ben , Drewer Julia , Roberts Toby , Levy Peter , Heal Mathew , Cowan Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Exhaled human breath can contain small, elevated concentrations of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), both of which contribute to global warming. These emissions from humans are not well understood and are rarely quantified in global greenhouse gas inventories. This study investigated emissions of CH4 and N2O in human breath from 104 volunteers in the UK population, to better understand what drives these emissions and to quantify national-scale estimates. A total of 328 breath samples were collected, and age, sex, dietary preference, and smoking habits were recorded for every participant. The percentage of methane producers (MPs) identified in this study was 31%. The percentage of MPs was higher in older age groups with 25% of people under the age of 30 classified as MPs compared to 40% in the 30+ age group. Females (38%) were more likely to be MPs than males (25%), though overall concentrations emitted from both MP groups were similar. All participants were found to emit N2O in breath, though none of the factors investigated explained the differences in emissions. Dietary preference was not found to affect CH4 or N2O emissions from breath in this study. We estimate a total emission of 1.04 (0.86–1.40) Gg of CH4 and 0.069 (0.066–0.072) Gg of N2O in human breath annually in the UK, the equivalent of 53.9 (47.8–60.0) Gg of CO2. In terms of magnitude, these values are approximately 0.05% and 0.1% of the total emissions of CH4 and N2O reported in the UK national greenhouse gas inventories.
Point-process modeling of secondary crashes
Authors: Motagi Samarth , Namilae Sirish , Gbaguidi Audrey , Parr Scott , Liu Dahai
Published: December 2023

Secondary crashes or crashes that occur in the wake of a preceding or primary crash are among the most critical incidents occurring on highways, due to the exceptional danger they present to the first responders and victims of the primary crash. In this work, we developed a self-exciting temporal point process to analyze crash events data and classify it into primary and secondary crashes. Our model uses a self-exciting function to describe secondary crashes while primary crashes are modeled using a background rate function. We fit the model to crash incidents data from the Florida Department of Transportation, on Interstate-4 (I-4) highway for the years 2015–2017, to determine the model parameters. These are used to estimate the probability that a given crash is secondary crash and to find queue times. To represent the periodically varying traffic levels and crash incidents, we model the background rate, as a stationary function, a sinusoidal non-stationary function, and a piecewise non-stationary function. We show that the sinusoidal non-stationary background rate fits the traffic data better and replicates the daily and weekly peaks in crash events due to traffic rush hours. Secondary crashes are found to account for up to 15.09% of traffic incidents, depending on the city on the I-4 Highway.
Optimizing the implementation of a forest fuel break network
Authors: Ager Alan A. , Day Michelle A. , Aparício Bruno A. , Houtman Rachel , Stinchfield Andrew
Published: December 2023

Methods and models to design, prioritize and evaluate fuel break networks have potential application in many fire-prone ecosystems where major increases in fuel management investments are planned in response to growing incidence of wildfires. A key question facing managers is how to scale treatments into manageable project areas that meet operational and administrative constraints, and then prioritize their implementation over time to maximize fire management outcomes. We developed and tested a spatial modeling system to optimize the implementation of a proposed 3,538 km fuel break network and explore tradeoffs between two implementation strategies on a 0.5 million ha national forest in the western US. We segmented the network into 2,766 treatment units and used a spatial optimization model to compare linear versus radial project implementation geometries. We hypothesized that linear projects were more efficient at intercepting individual fire events over larger spatial domains, whereas radial projects conferred a higher level of network redundancy in terms of the length of the fuel break exposed to fires. We simulated implementation of the alternative project geometries and then examined fuel break-wildfire spatial interactions using a library of simulated fires developed in prior work. The results supported the hypothesis, with linear projects exhibiting substantially greater efficiency in terms of intercepting fires over larger areas, whereas radial projects had a higher interception length given a fire encountered a project. Adding economic objectives made it more difficult to obtain alternative project geometries, but substantially increased net revenue from harvested trees. We discuss how the model and results can be used to further understand decision tradeoffs and optimize the implementation of planned fuel break networks in conjunction with landscape conservation, protection, and restoration management in fire prone regions.
Research on safety supervision and management system of China railway based on association rule and DEMATEL
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang Yansheng , Deng Cunbao , Jin Zhixin , Wang Gaolei , Yang Chen , Li Xiaoyu
Published: December 2023

Safety management is a key issue in the railroad industry that needs to be continuously focused on. And it is essential to study causes of accidents for preventing accidents. However, there is a limited academic discussion on the systematic study of organizations and accidents, as well as their safety-related interactions and accidents, as opposed to human-caused disasters. Thus, the model of China’s railway safety supervision and management system by sorting out the existing organizations involved in management in China is established in this paper. Firstly, social forces and auxiliary enterprises are specifically added to the model. And then, the relationship between organizations and accidents, as well as the relationship between safety interactions among organizations and accidents are explored by analyzing 224 accident reports, which led to 4 principles for accident prevention. Finally, based on these principles, measures to secure organizational nodes, as well as measures to promote safe interactions among organizations are proposed. The results showed that: (1) China Railway node is not only the most critical node in the safety supervision and management system but also the most vulnerable to the influence of other nodes. (2) The accident occurred due to the simultaneous occurrence of an accident at the China Railway node and the social force node. (3) When there are often safety risks in auxiliary enterprises and social forces simultaneously, the government’s management is likely to be defective. The findings in this study can provide helpful references not only for improvement of safety management system structure and supervision and management mechanism but also for the formulation of safety supervision and management policies in China and other countries.
‘It’s the end of the world as we know it and I feel fine’
Authors: Sheth Nandita Baxi
Published: December 2023

Just as R.E.M.’s lead singer Michael Stipe repeats, ‘It’s the end of the world as we know it and I feel fine’, this article adopts a cautiously hopeful attitude towards ends as paradigmatic shifts away from colonial, ordered and fixed ways of understanding the world. Some ends are not destructions, conclusions or stagnations; but are alternatives from ‘the world as we know it’, which is both desirable and ‘fine’. On the other hand, some ends, such as species extinction, are devastatingly final. Historical, cultural, biological and technological ends are encapsulated in two works of art created more than 500 years apart: German printmaker woodcut print Rhinoceros and British artist Alexandra Daisy Ginsberg’s 2018 video installation The Substitute. These two renderings traverse a range of moments from the rhinoceros first entering western European visual culture to the extinction event of one rhinoceros subspecies. Philosophical themes emerging from these works are explored through Franz Fanon’s articulation of the colonial subject, Jacques Derrida’s ideas on invention and Georges Didi-Huberman’s firefly image. Fanon, Derrida and Didi-Huberman call for radical change in which ends are necessary to projects of liberation and interconnectedness.
Dean Fox’s Lady on the Grass: Berthe Morisot: A chaotic-form as an Otherness
Authors: Gill Rummy
Published: December 2023

Dean Fox is a contemporary British artist whose representation of Lady on the Grass is a reinterpretation of Berthe Morisot’s Impressionist painting titled Reading. This article analyses Fox’s Lady on the Grass: Berthe Morisot as an abstract body of work that depicts a chaotic-form is being seen as an Otherness. It is a work of abstraction that minimalizes and deconstructs Morisot’s Impressionist traditional figural gestures as a topological exploration of reinvention as a poesis that navigates new possibilities of mapping creativity that exploits a spatiality of interconnectedness ‘knots, proximities, and continuities’ in order to set it free into the world (Serres 2019: 82). Through philosophical concepts that suggest an Otherness the paper discusses Jean-Luc Nancy’s ‘obscurity’ and ‘non-resemblance’, Michel Serres’s ‘mixture’ and ‘co-mingling’, and Édouard Glissant’s ‘disorder’ and ‘chaos’ as postmodernist tendencies towards new ways of looking at figurative gestures. The paper challenges the assumptions behind what makes portraiture not defined through the western notions of realism but rather how it is being seen as a sensory opening in order to unveil new possibilities of feeling the Other. Contrary to a traditional reading of Fox’s Lady on the Grass is being seen as a non-rendering of mimesis, Nancy urges to read it as a disfiguration, Serres’s as a portrait of veil and Glissant’s as a poesis of relational interconnectedness.
Biomorphological structure of Kemerovo city’s flora
Authors: Andreyev B. G. , Kalabina K. A.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a range of types of life forms for the flora of the city of Kemerovo and its functional zones, including both native and alien elements. The perennial polycarpic plants have dominated in city’s flora, this tentation is common in Western Siberia. An increase in the proportion of monocarpic plants was revealed with an increase in anthropogenic factor on parts of the city. Human activity changes life expectancy and the number of fruiting as an adaptation to extreme growing conditions. The largest proportion of monocarpic grasses (50.61%) was noted on highways and tramways - the main migration corridors of plants, the proportion of monocarpics above 30% was noted in waste grounds, industrial zone, on railway tracks and stations. The largest proportion of polycarpic grasses was found on rocky outcrops and steppes (68.02 %), as well as on the territory of weakly transformed forests (65.98 %). Rocky outcrops and steppes have the largest proportion of semi-woody life forms (3.55 %) and shrubs (1.52 %) in the flora. The materials obtained during the collection by the method of model areas allow to identify the distinctive features of some functional zones of the city, to identify the most common patterns for the departments of suburban flora and urban flora.
Some features of morphology of the invasive species Conyza canadensis in the Republic of Abkhazia
Authors: Gergia L. G.
Published: December 2023

The spread of invasive plant species, such as Conyza сanadensis - one of the main environmental threats, as these species become massive weeds of agricultural lands and settlements. The aim of the work was to study the biological characteristics of C. сanadensis in the conditions of the coastal lowland zone of the Republic of Abkhazia. The morphological parameters of the invasive species and their variability were studied. Anthropogenic load influences the morphological parameters of plants - in the western regions of Abkhazia, which are more disturbed by humans, the parameters of plants are lower than in the less disturbed eastern ones. The maximum values of most features were noted in the Gal region, where the ecotopes are undisturbed and close to optimal. All signs have a normal degree of variation (7.0-30.9 %). Further monitoring of the species is required.
Experience in transplanting of the rare and protected species during ecological restoration work
Authors: Zhelibo T. V. , Pomazkova N. V.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the transplanting work, which took place in 2019-2022 in the high-mountainous northern territories ofZabaikalsky Krai. They included: preparatory work, the actual 2 stages of transplantation and, subsequently, monitoring. In the course of the study, the possibility and effectiveness of measures on transplanting and rehabilitation of golden rhododendron (Rhododendron aureum Georgi), as compensatory measures for the territory affected by the construction of the mining and smelting plant «Udokan» mining and smelting facilities, were established. Conducted comprehensive study allowed to develop methods and techniques of extraction, transportation, planting of Rhododendron aureum on the disturbed in the process of construction sites. Monitoring works taking into account the vital state, habitus of the plant, its phenological phases, the presence of other vascular plant species in the curtain wall confirmed that the prepared plan of measures for compensatory replanting fully takes into account the features of habitat, the growth of the species and after replanting the possibility of its renewal is preserved. As of June 2022, the estimated rooting rate was 93.9 %. There is an increase in the number of plant species in the rows and their projective coverage. In general, there is currently no threat of complete extinction of this species in the MMC “Udokan” construction area.
Coenotic diversity of aquatic vegetation of Altai: a preliminary assessment and a list of white spots
Authors: Kipriyanova L. M.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of fundamental hydrobotanical research in the Altai-Sayan ecoregion is due to poor hydrobiological knowledge and the lack of regular monitoring studies of lakes, which are currently actively used for recreational and fish breeding purposes. Within the framework of the project “The current state of the macrophytobenthos of the Altai lakes (ecological and geographical patterns of distribution and threats)”, supported by the Russian Science Foundation, the author began a work on the systematization and interpretation of information on the current state of the vegetation of lakes of various altitude levels in the foothill and mountainous regions of Altai in the Republic of Altai and Altai Territory. A preliminary list of the coenotic diversity of the aquatic vegetation of Altai was compiled within the Brown-Blanquet approach, which includes 6 associations of the class Lemnetea, 21 associations of the class Potamogetonetea and 8 associations of the class Littorelletea uniflorae. A list of syntaxa, first indicated for the region, is given. The main “white spots” in the study of aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation are listed. These are the lack of information about the communities of macroalgae and bryophytes, the lack of reliable data on communities formed by hybrids of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants, confirmed by molecular taxonomy data, and the lack of information on the long-term dynamics of macrophytobenthos in Altai lakes.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of some geophilic Umbelliferae - Apioideae genera based on anatomical, morphological and molecular data
Authors: Kljuykov E. V. , Degtjareva G. V. , Lyskov D. F.
Published: December 2023

The paper provides an overview of the concordance between molecular (nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS) and morphological data in the group of geophilic Umbelliferae of Middle Asia, which includes the genera Elwendia, Elaeosticta, Hyalolaena, Galagania, Oedibasis, Mogoltavia and Gongylotaxis. In general, a good consistency of data of different types can be observed. At the same time, at some levels of the taxonomic hierarchy, the consistency between morphological and molecular data looks much higher than at others. The identification of the group of geophilic Umbelliferae agrees much better with molecular data than the boundaries between genera within it and the proposed intrageneric groupings. Some observed cases of inconsistency, such as the position of Hyalolaena melanorrhiza among the species of the genus Elaeosticta and the polyphyly of the genera Hyalolaena and Oedibasis, are rather difficult to explain from a morphological point of view, only from a biogeography.
Comparative carpology of Cyclospatheae and Ceroxyleae (Arecaceae - Ceroxyloideae)
Authors: Mikhaylova A. A. , Romanov M. S. , Bobrov A. V. , Vasekha N. D.
Published: December 2023

At present, the fruits of the representatives of Arecaceae remain insufficiently studied, therefore, studies of comparative carpology of palms are relevant. We investigated fruit morphology and anatomy of all 4 genus of tribes Cyclospatheae and Ceroxyleae of subfamily Ceroxylonideae (Arecaceae). The fruits of studied species (Pseudophoenix sargentii, Ceroxylon alpinum, C. vogelianum, C. utile, Juania australis, Oraniopsis appendiculata, Ravenea hildebrandtii, R. robustior) were revealed as pyrenarium of Ilex type. We can consider that the original fruit type within the subfamily are lobate trimerous fruits of Pseudophoenix, with the pericarp differentiated into parenchymatous mesocarp, scattered brachysclereids in the peripheral zone of the mesocarp and palisade sclerified endocarp. Fruits of Ceroxyleae are derived types of fruits, which had morphogenetic transformation in different zones of pericarp. Transformations of mesocarp had different ways: differentiation of mesocarp subzones (Ceroxylon), formation of belt of brachysclereids in the peripheral zone of the mesocarp (Ceroxylon, Juania), or formation of sclereids with different shapes (Ravenea hildebrandtii), or almost complete absence of sclereids (Oraniopsis, Ravenea robustior). Transformations of endocarp followed the path of reduction of the length of the palisade sclerified cells (Ceroxylon, Juania, Ravenea, Oraniopsis) and its filling with phlobaphenes (Ravenea, Oraniopsis).
Leaf trait relationships with species ecological optimum and sustainability across wetland plants
Authors: Ronzhina D. A. , Rupyshev Yu. A. , Ivanova L. A. , Migalina S. V. , Ivanov L. A.
Published: December 2023

Structural and functional parameters of leaves were studied in 19 dominant and abundant species growing in shallows and wet riversides at the mouth of the Maksimikha River (Barguzinsky district, Republic of Buryatia). To evaluate the species ecological optimum Tsyganov’ scales were used (Tsyganov, 1983). To assess the resistance, the potential ecological valence of the species on the illumination scale, as well as the climatic and soil tolerance indices of the species were applied (Zhukova et al., 2010). It was shown that the index of climatic tolerance of the species was negatively correlated with the leaf mass per area (LMA) (r = -0,68) and positively with the chlorophyll photosynthetic activity of (r = 0,51). A tendency was revealed to decrease in LMA and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and increase in the chlorophyll photosynthetic activity in more thermophilic wetland plants. Leaf area positively correlated with the scores of the species optimum on the soil moisture and acidity scales (r = 0,59 and r = 0,72, respectively). LMA, the content and photosynthetic activity of chlorophyll correlated with the optimum scores on the soil nitrogen supply scale (r = -0,53, r = -0,50 and r = 0,72, respectively). The tolerance index of the species to soil factors was associated only with the content of chlorophylls (r = 0,68) and carotenoids (r = 0,55) per unit leaf area. The potential ecological valence of the species to illumination was positively correlated with leaf density and LDMC (r = 0,58 and r = 0,57, respectively). It was concluded that the thermoclimatic optimum of species of wetland plants, as well as their climate sustainability, are associated with changes in the LMA and chlorophyll photosynthetic activity. Edaphic factors had a greater influence on the structural and functional parameters of leaves than climatic ones, which manifested in a large number of relationships between soil scales and leaf traits. Wetland plant tolerance to a wider range of edaphic conditions was associated with a high content of chlorophylls and carotenoids.
Preservation and study of natural species from the genus Iris at the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Slepchenko K. V.
Published: December 2023

Solving the problems of preservation and rational use of plant genetic diversity is one of the main tasks for botanical gardens and scientific institutions working in this field. In the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the collection of natural species of the genus Iris has been formed since 2000s. The paper presents research results on the following 11 species: Iris colchica Kem.-Nath., I. ensata Thunb., I. japonica Thunb, I. orientalis Mill.,I. notha M. Bieb, I. pallida Lam., I. pseudacorus L., I. pseudonotha Galushko, I. sibirica L., I. spuria L., I. unguicularis Poir. Most of the species are rare (6), rare and endemic (2). As a result of the studies conducted in 2020-2022, flowering terms for the irises species in collection have been established in the humid subtropics of Russia and 4 groups have been recorded. The first group with the earliest flowering (April, early May) includes I. japonica, I. sibirica. Average flowering terms (from mid-late May) are recorded for I. orientalis, I. colchica, I. pallida, I. pseudacorus. Late flowering terms (from late May - early June) are recorded for I. notha, I. pseudonotha, I. ensata. Late autumn-early winter periods - for I. unguicularis.
Digitization of the herbarium collection of Irkutsk State University
Authors: Stepantsova N. V. , Seregin A. P. , Chepinoga V. V.
Published: December 2023

Since 2019, the Herbarium of Irkutsk State University (IRKU), the largest herbarium collection in Eastern Siberia (150,000 samples), including collections of the XIX century, has been digitized. By March 2023 on the MSU Digital Herbarium platform (https://plant.depo.msu.ru/) 42,297 samples of the IRKU collection from various regions of Siberia and the Far East are freely available. Among them there are species included in the regional and federal Red Books. A modular regional portal “Flora of Baikal Siberia” has been created (https://baikal.depo.msu.ru/) containing 64,163 samples from the territory of Baikal Siberia. More than 42,000 records are integrated into the international GBIF platform.
Epidemiology, Comorbidities, and Treatment of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in the United States
Authors: Chen Yaozhu Juliette , Princic Nicole , Winer Isabelle , Richmond Camilla , Williams James , Thavamani Aravind , Levinthal David J. , Venkatesan Thangam
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) imposes a substantial burden, but epidemiological data are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of CVS, comorbid conditions, and treatment patterns, using administrative databases in the United States.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study used claims data from Merative MarketScan Commercial/Medicare Supplemental and Medicaid databases in all health care settings. Incidence and prevalence rates for 2019 were calculated and stratified by age, sex, region, and race/ethnicity. Patient characteristics were reported among newly diagnosed patients with CVS (i.e., no documented claims for CVS before 2019). CVS was defined as having 1+ inpatient and/or 2+ outpatient CVS claims that were 7+ days apart.

RESULTS:

The estimated prevalence of CVS was 16.7 (Commercial/Medicare) and 42.9 (Medicaid) per 100,000 individuals. The incidence of CVS was estimated to be 10.6 (Commercial/Medicare) and 26.6 (Medicaid) per 100,000 individuals. Both prevalence and incidence rates were higher among female individuals (for both Commercial/Medicare and Medicaid). Comorbid conditions were common and included abdominal pain (56%–64%), anxiety (32%–39%), depression (26%–34%), cardiac conditions (39%–42%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (30%–40%). Despite a diagnosis of CVS, only 32%–35% had prescriptions for prophylactic treatment and 47%–55% for acute treatment within the first 30-day period following diagnosis.

DISCUSSION:

This study provides the first population-level estimates of CVS incidence and prevalence in the United States. Comorbid conditions are common, and most patients with CVS do not receive adequate treatment. These findings underscore the need for improving disease awareness and developing better screening strategies and effective treatments.
Thermomechanical calculation within the HERA programme
Authors: Kinkorová Tereza
Published: December 2023

HERA (High Burnup Experiments in Reactivity Initiated Accident) is one of the programmes which should replace closed Halden reactor. As the name implies HERA is focused on the tests simulated RIA (Reactivity Initiated Accident) and the aim of the programme is to investigate the performance and behaviour of high burnup fuel in RIA transients. The first phase of HERA programme consists of two steps which are the blind calculation of different RIA scenarios (different pulse width, enthalpy increase, hydrogen content and gap size) and in-reactor test with fresh fuel.The set of thermomechanical calculation was performed with the FRAPTRAN computer code as part of the first phase of HERA. The influence of several parameters on the fuel behaviour was observed, the varying parameters were the pulse width, peak radial average enthalpy increase, hydrogen content and the hydrogen rim size and gap size. In addition, the effect of type and setting of boundary condition was investigated.
Experiencias de participación juvenil inclusiva con enfoque de ciudadanía global
Authors: Lázaro Puertas Violeta
Published: December 2023

En el horizonte común de alcanzar sociedades más justas e inclusivas, la atención a la diversidad se constituye como un reto de actualidad, pero también una oportunidad para ello. En el presente artículo se presentan experiencias de acompañamiento a procesos de participación juvenil inclusiva, en que jóvenes con diversidad funcional se han sumado a propuestas educativas desde el enfoque de la ciudadanía global para actuar como agentes de cambio siendo una ciudadanía comprometida con la sociedad.
Tu było żyć trudno, ale się opłacało… Wielokulturowe skupiska osadnicze na Urzeczu jako przykład długotrwałej i uporządkowanej kolonizacji terenów zalewowych Wisły
Authors: Stanaszek Łukasz Maurycy
Published: December 2023

The article addresses the issue of multicultural settlements from ancient until modern times, located on the Vistula floodplains within Urzecze micro-region. Archaeological, historical and partly ethnographic research indicate an “island” rather than dispersed nature of the local settlement. The separation of clusters allowed to discover many hitherto lost medieval villages or parts of them. The main advantage of long-term settlement on the floodplain was the proximity to a large navigable river (trade, fishing) and fertile soil, compensating for the losses resulting from the frequent floods.
Śląsk w X wieku: źle postawione zagadnienie
Authors: Paszkiewicz Borys
Published: December 2023

Researchers of the Polish past often discuss Silesia in the tenth century but the entity later referred to by this name did not exist at that time while its individual parts had different runs of history. The first evidence of establishing contacts between the middle Oder basin and the Mediterranean world after the Migration Period are three Arabic coins from 770-776, bereft of notches, graffiti or other traces of circulation, found on Trzebnica Ridge (Figures 1-3). Unlike the wave of Arabic silver coinage a quarter of a century later, these coins arrived not via the ‘Northern Arch’ but from the south, via Venice. They probably mark the attempts of slavers to penetrate the Oder basin. After 950, the route from Bohemia to the mouth of the Oder river was established, leading alongside the Neisse and the Oder but it was soon disrupted by the expansion of the Milceni to the east. Behind the Milceni, however, was the power of the East Frankish Kingdom, so the Přemyslids expanded to the north-east to bypass the Neisse. The Přemyslid expansion consisted in collecting tributes from the tribes occupying the left bank of the Oder River: Zlasane, Trebouane, Pobarane and Dedosize – and in establishing permanent military outposts in Niemcza and Wrocław. The result of including the local dwellers in the trade and tributary network was the concentration of power in the tribes and the spread of silver hoarding. After the alliance between the Boleslavs of Prague and Mieszko I of Gniezno was established in c. 964, both states met on the middle Oder line and co-operated within the great trade corridor connecting Central Asia, Scandinavia and Western Europe. Political destabilization in Germany after 983 enabled Mieszko to break off the alliance, cross the Oder to the west and spread his influence along the Kaczawa to Milceni and Meissen lands, and then in 990 to drive the Czechs out of the area between Wrocław and the Sudetes. In this way, a route from Mayence to Kyïv was created, bypassing Prague, cut off the city from contacts with the mouth of the Oder River, which led to the crisis of the Czech state.
Kilka uwag o szklanych naczyniach z grodu na Ostrowie Lednickim
Authors: Sawicka Joanna
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the results of an expert study of several glass vessels from an early medieval castle at Ostrów Lednicki. They come from the so-called second church, a single-nave small building erected in the 1060s and destroyed in 1038 or 1039. In its ruins, a collection of high-grade artefacts was discovered, furnishings of the same temple, as well as fragments of glass and fragmentary preserved glass vessels. The three specimens, examined in the laboratory, were made of potassium glass, of the calcium-potassium variety, of the CaO-K2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 type. Interpretation of the analytical results has led to a conclusion that all the vessels could come from a single workshop, attributed to Carolingian and Ottonian workshops in Imperial Germany. Another vessel, discovered in the eastern part of the stronghold and not associated with any of the sacred buildings, has an early date (6th to 9th century). It is believed to be a conical goblet of the Kempston type, made of sodium glass, of the mineral variety, of the Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 type, from one of the many Western European workshops.