bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip” for Drug Testing Applications
Authors: Qiao Li , Chang Shiqi , Qu Kai-Yun , Zou Lin , Zhang Feng , Huang Ningping
Published: April 2024

Drug discovery and testing is a lengthy process that is essential before
human clinical trials. Animal models are vital in preclinical drug
assessment, yet ethical concerns and species variations persist.
Although cell-based models are used, they struggle to precisely predict
drug efficacy, toxicity, and organ interactions due to cultured cells’
inability to maintain original functions and structures in typical in
vitro systems. To overcome these limitations, the emerging technology of
organ-on-a-chip is being developed as an alternative to traditional
preclinical drug testing models. The implementation of organ-on-a-chip
technology holds great potential in significantly enhancing the accuracy
and efficacy of preclinical testing, thereby enabling more precise
prediction of a drug’s performance in clinical trials. Moreover, the
development of multi-organ-on-a-chip (MOC) systems enables the
replication of various organs in vitro, making the study of drug-body
interactions possible. In this review, we first introduce the design of
organ-on-a-chip devices. Subsequently, we describe the applications of
different tissue co-culture configurations in organ-on-a-chip for drug
testing. Finally, we summarize the challenges and prospects associated
with organ-on-a-chip technology. In conclusion, this review provides a
comprehensive overview of organ-on-a-chip technology,
multi-organ-on-a-chip for drug testing, and the challenges and prospects
for the future.
POST COMPETITION RECOVERY OF HYDROELECTROLYTIC AND ACID-BASE VARIABLES UNDER DISTINCT COMFORT INDEX IN EQUINES PARTICIPATING IN 90 KM FEDERATE RAID
Authors: Marichal Gonzalo , Suárez Gonzalo , Soto Carlos , Meikle Ana , Muriel Marcos
Published: April 2024

Background: The recovery of acid-base and hydro electrolytic
balance at medical discharge after Raid races and its association with
comfort index is unknown. Objetives: To determine
hydroelectrolytic and acid base variations before, after and at the time
of clinical discharge in 276 horses that completed 90 km Raid
competitions. Study design: Cross sectional study
Methods: Hematocrit, total protein, sodium, potassium,
chloride, calcium, and serum pH were determined in samples before and
after the race and after hydration and analyzed using a mixed procedure,
including the moment regarding the race, comfort index, and their
interaction. Results: Comfort index did not affect any
variable; An interaction with comfort index and blood sample was only
found in potassium concentrations, as concentrations were lower after
hydration than before the race only in worse climate conditions
(p<0.05). The pH values after the race were greater
(p<0.01) than before the race and after hydration. The
hematocrit and total protein values after hydration showed a correction
to normal values, however, for total protein no differences were
observed between this sample and before the race, while the hematocrit
at medical discharge was still greater than the sample before the race
(p<0.05). Sodium concentrations before and after the race were
greater than those after hydration (p<0.05), for chloride, the
concentrations before the race were greater than those after the race
and hydration (p<0.05). Calcium concentrations after the race
and hydration were lower than before the race (p<0.05).
Main limitations: The medical treatment after races (hydration
therapy) in each horse is not known. Conclusion: Most
hydroelectrolytic and acid-base variables at the medical discharge did
not reach the values before the race, but they were within the normal
values. The comfort indicator was not explanatory in most of the
variables.
Differential impacts of urbanization on multiple components of common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) pollination success
Authors: Rockow David , Martel Carlos , Arceo-Gómez Gerardo
Published: April 2024

Urbanization is one the main threats to biodiversity and its effects are
projected to increase in magnitude, hence stressing the importance to
better understand how urbanization may affect vital ecosystem services,
such as pollination. Studies on the impact of urbanization have largely
focused on only one aspect of the pollination process (e.g. pollinator
visitation, pollen deposition), potentially misrepresenting the full
complexity of urbanization effects on pollination services. Evaluating
impacts across multiple components of pollination can also help pinpoint
the underlying mechanisms driving urbanization effects. This study
evaluates how urbanization affects multiple aspects of the pollination
process in common milkweed populations, including pollinator community
composition and visitation rate, pollen removal and deposition on
stigmas. Urbanization altered floral visitor composition, with small
bees having a larger presence in urbanized areas. Insect visitation rate
and pollen removal were also higher in more urbanized areas, perhaps
suggesting a positive impact of urbanization as predicted by the
intermediate disturbance hypothesis. However, pollen deposition on
stigmas, which is a key component of fertilization success, was not
different between natural and urbanized sites. Our findings highlight
the complexity evaluating urbanization effects on pollination, as these
likely depend on the specific aspect of pollination evaluated and on the
of the intensity of disturbance. Our study thus stresses the importance
of evaluating multiple components of the pollination process in order to
fully understand overall effects and the mechanisms underlying
urbanization effects on this vital ecosystem service
Mechanism of drug resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics mediated by TXNDC17 in neuroblastomas
Authors: Zeng Chenggong , Li Zhuoran , Wei Zhiqing , Chen Tingting , Wang Juan , Huang Junting , Sun Feifei , Zhu Jia , Lu Suying , Zhen Zijun
Published: April 2024

The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastomas (NB) that are resistant to
first-line induction chemotherapy is relatively poor. This study
explored the mechanism of resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics
mediated by TXNDC17 and its potential solutions in NB. The genetic and
clinical data of patients with NB were obtained from the Therapeutically
Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments dataset. TXNDC17
and BECN1 expressions in NB cells were up- and downregulated by
transfection with plasmids and shRNA, respectively. Autophagy-related
proteins were detected by western blot. Cell viability was determined
using cell proliferation and toxicity experiments. Apoptotic cells were
detected using flow cytometry. Overall, 1076 pediatric and adolescent
patients with NB were enrolled in this study. The 10-year overall
survival (OS) rates and event-free survival (EFS) rates for the patients
with mutation of BECN1 were 37.4% ± 9.1% and 34.5% ± 8.8%,
respectively. For patients with mutation of TXNDC17, the 10-year OS and
EFS were 41.4% ± 5.9% and 24.3% ± 5.1%, respectively, which were
significantly lower than those in the unaltered group. The
overexpression of BECN1 and TXNDC17 reduced NB sensitivity to cisplatin
(DDP), etoposide (VP16), and cyclophosphamide (CTX). Autophagy mediated
by BECN1 was regulated by TXNDC17, and this process was involved in the
resistance to DDP, VP16, and CTX in NB. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
(SAHA) can enhance the sensitivity of NB cells to chemotherapeutics by
inhibiting TXNDC17, ultimately decreasing autophagy-mediated
chemoresistance. Acquired resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics was
associated with autophagy mediated by BECN1 and regulated by TXNDC17,
which can be reversed by SAHA.
Evaluation of the Clinical Outcome and the Cost-effectiveness of Cyclosporine Short Infusion versus Continuous Infusion Post Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: El-Awady Shaymaa , El-Afifi Amal , Afifi Rania , Batran Radwa , Sabri Nagwa , Ahmed Marwa
Published: April 2024

Aim: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of
administering cyclosporin A (CsA) as a 2-hour, twice-daily intravenous
infusion versus continuous 24-hour infusion in allogeneic hematopoietic
stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Methods: A prospective randomized
study was conducted, dividing adult HSCT patients into two groups based
on the CsA administration method. The primary outcomes assessed the
incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and CsA-related
adverse events. Secondary outcomes included the correlation between time
concentrations and area under concentration-time curves (AUCs) and
performing a cost-effectiveness analysis. Results: 31 allogeneic HSCT
patients were enrolled, with 38.7% initially diagnosed with acute
myeloid leukemia (AML). There was no significant difference between the
two study groups in developing aGVHD, distribution of different aGVHD
types, transplantation outcomes, and mortality. The obtained AUCs showed
no significant difference between the two infusion methods at all time
points. Regarding the cost-effectiveness, the 2-hour infusion group had
a higher total of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per patient (1.77)
and lower total costs per patient (3802.15 USD) compared to the 24-hour
infusion group (QALYs: 0.74, costs: 13239.22 USD). The incremental
cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for the intervention group was -9158.53.
Conclusion: Administering CsA as a 2-hour twice-daily infusion is both
feasible and safe for allogeneic HSCT patients. The study demonstrates
that the 2-hour infusion regimen is non-inferior to the conventional
24-hour infusion in terms of aGVHD incidence and adverse events.
Moreover, 2-hour infusion strategy proves to be more cost-effective.
Further research is necessary to validate these findings and guide
clinical practice.
Effective Forecasting of Key Features in Hospital Emergency Department
Authors: M Paithane Pradip
Published: April 2024

Efficiently forecasting the demands within a hospital’s Emergency Department (ED) is critical for optimal resource allocation and patient care management. This study focuses on leveraging deep learning techniques to predict various types of ED patient flows, facilitating informed decision-making by ED managers. The rising success of deep learning networks in modeling timeseries data makes them a compelling choice for patient flow forecasting. In this context, we investigate and compare seven deep learning models-Deep Belief Network (DBN), Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), combined GRU and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN-GRU), LSTM-CNN, and Generative Adversarial Network based on Recurrent Neural Networks (GAN-RNN)—to accurately forecast patient flow within a hospital’s emergency department. To enable traffic flow forecasting, a forecaster layer is introduced for each model. Real-world patient flow data spanning different ED services (biology, radiology, scanner, and echography) at Lille regional hospital in France serve as a case study to evaluate these models. Four effectiveness metrics are employed to assess and compare the forecasting methods. The outcomes demonstrate the superior performance of deep learning models in predicting ED patient flows compared to conventional shallow approaches like ridge regression and support vector regression. Significantly, the Deep Belief Network (DBN) stands out, achieving an averaged mean absolute percentage error of approximately 4.097.
Perancangan Perangkat Modular Kendali Suhu dan Aliran Gas Elpiji Berbasis Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Harsawardana  , Ulfah Maria , Samodro Bayu
Published: April 2024

AbstractTemperature is very significant in every stage in the heating processes and will affect the quality of the resulting product. The inaccuracy of temperature control causes the production process to change from time to time, in addition to the increasingly inconsistent quality of the resulting product. In this study, the use of a closed loop system based on fuzzy logic will be applied to control the temperature and flow of fuel. Temperature control is connected to gas flow control because this equipment is specifically for gas (LPG) fueled equipment. By the fuzzy logic system, it is expected to produce a control equipment that can control temperature accuratly and can save fuel. This control equipment is modular in nature so that it can be applied to all bakery & cake oven equipment, coffee roasters, tea leaf wiping machines, fryers and other small scale industrial machines without having to change and modify the original design. The temperature settling point can be adjusted from 80oC to 300oC as desired in the heating process. The test results show that temperature control using fuzzy logic control system on coffee roasters and bread ovens obtains a maximum overshoot value which is still within the tolerance of 1.3% and fuel savings of around 13%
Rancang Bangun Penakar Hujan Dengan Peringatan Dini Hujan Lebat Menggunakan Tipping Bucket dan Mikrokontroler ESP32
Authors: Bangun Verga Philipus , Lumban Toruan Kanton
Published: April 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki dua musim, yaitu musim kemarau dan hujan. Salah satu parameter yang menjadi salah satu penyebab bencana alam ialah hujan Pengamatan curah hujan di Indonesia dilakukan oleh Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG). Automatic Rain Gauge (ARG) merupakan salah satu alat pengukur hujan otomatis yang digunakan oleh BMKG untuk memperoleh data curah hujan di Indonesia. Kebutuhan peralatan penakar hujan di Indonesia semakin banyak untuk menunjang kurangnya kerapatan pos hujan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang sebuah penakar hujan menggunakan tipping bucket, dengan prinsip kerja menampung curah hujan melalui corong dan mengalirkannya ke jungkat-jungkit sehingga menghasilkan tip dan dikonversi menjadi curah hujan. Penakar hujan ini diintegrasikan dengan ThingSpeak dan website untuk mendiseminasikan data curah hujan serta telegram untuk memberikan peringatan dini hujan intensitas lebat. Penakar hujan dirancang dengan menggabungkan beberapa komponen seperti sensor reed switch, Mikrokontroler ESP32, RTC DS1302, MicroSD, baterai LiFePO4 dan panel surya sebagai catu daya serta memiliki luas penampang 10.000 mm2 dengan tinggi 1,2 m. Percobaan dilakukan dengan sistem komparasi yaitu membandingkan jumlah air pada gelas ukur yang dikonversi menjadi curah hujan uji dengan curah hujan yang terukur pada penakar hujan. Hasil pengujian penakar hujan memberikan nilai yang baik serta memberikan hasil yang baik pada pengiriman data ke website dan ThingSpeak serta mengirimkan peringatan dini ke telegram.
Desain dan Analisis PID Controller Menggunakan Metode Genetic Algorithm pada Boost Converter Tipe CCM
Authors: Dewi Ayu Kusuma , Dyah Lestari  , Muhammad Afnan Habibi
Published: April 2024

Boost converter merupakan DC-DC Converter yang berfungsi untuk menaikkan tegangan. Namun untuk menghasilkan tegangan keluaran yang stabil dan sesuai dengan nilai yang diinginkan diperlukan suatu controller, salah satunya PID controller. Apabila penentuan konstanta PID tepat, maka akan didapatkan respon tegangan yang memiliki settling time cepat serta mampu menghilangkan overshoot. Namun, tuning PID controller menggunakan metode konvensional kurang optimal jika digunakan untuk sistem nonlinear dan memiliki orde tinggi. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendesain dan menganalisis PID controller menggunakan metode genetic algorithm yang diterapkan pada boost converter. Tahapan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, (1) studi literatur; (2) desain open loop boost converter; (3) analisis perhitungan boost converter; (4) tuning PID controller menggunakan metode genetic algorithm dan ziegler nichols; (5) simulasi desain rangkaian; (6) membandingkan respon tegangan output antara metode genetic algorithm dan ziegler nichols; (7) analisis hasil simulasi. Proses pembuatan desain boost converter tipe CCM dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan software MATLAB/SIMULINK. Perbandingan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai overshoot dan settling time yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai overshoot yang dihasilkan oleh boost converter tanpa. PID controller adalah 55,7% dengan settling time 0,0767s. Overshoot paling kecil dari metode genetic algorithm adalah 0%, sedangkan settling time paling singkat adalah 0,000294s. Overshoot yang dihasilkan metode ziegler nichols adalah 3,35% dengan settling time 0,1302s. PID controller dapat memperbaiki overshoot serta settling time pada respon tegangan output boost converter tipe CCM. Penggunaan genetic algorithm dalam proses tuning PID controller mampu memberikan overshoot yang lebih kecil dan settling time yang lebih singkat jika dibandingkan dengan metode ziegler nichols.
Sistem Pengontrol Suhu CNC Laser Cutting 40W dengan Modul TEC1-12706
Authors: Rohmatulloh Abidin , Kusban Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Pengontrolan suhu pada tabung laser CO2 sangat penting untuk menjaga kinerja tabung laser. Tabung laser sendiri menghasilkan energi berupa cahaya dan panas. Energi panas ini jika tidak dikendalikan akan berpotensi merusak tabung laser. Adanya sistem  pengontrol suhu menggunakan modul TEC1-12706 sangat bermanfaat untuk menjaga kinerja laser. Modul ini termasuk dalam thermoelectric yang mampu merubah energi listrik menjadi energi panas atau dingin dan juga sebaliknya. Penggunaan modul TECI-12706 termasuk ramah lingkungan karena tidak memakai Freon sebagai bahan utamanya. Proses yang dilakukan yaitu mensirkulasikan air dari tabung menuju peltier untuk didinginkan dan dibawa lagi menuju tabung. Proses ini menggunakan  dua sensor yaitu sensor suhu dan sensor waterflow. Kriteria yang harus dipenuhi yaitu suhu tidak boleh kurang dari 25 derajat celcius atau melebihi 35 derajat celcius. Selain itu, volume air yang mengalir juga tidak boleh kurang dari 20 liter per menit. Hasil percobaan sistem pengontrol suhu menggunakan peltier TEC1-12706 mampu menurunkan suhu saat laser sedang running dengan cara mendinginkan air sirkulasi pada tabung laser.
Development and Implementation of the Risk Management Procedure for the Health of Employees of a Company based on the State Standard GOST R 70675—2023
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Shchipanov A.V.
Published: April 2024

The information on the legislative documents of the Russian Federation regulating the activities of companies within the framework of risk assessment for the health of employees has been provided. The relevance and expediency of applying a process approach at the stages of development and implementation of the risk management procedure for the health of employees of a company based on the State Standard GOST R 70675—2023 have been substantiated. The methodological substantiation of the process approach to the development of the risk management procedure for the health of employees based on the systemic approach with the use of the well-known PDCA principles has been provided; the basic issues of its applicability have been considered. A matrix of processes and subprocesses has been compiled in accordance with the ISO process typology (ISO/TC 176/SC 2/N 544R3), the processes of company management, measurement, analysis, and improvement, as well as key and resource management processes have been demonstrated; the processes have been ranked by levels. A model of development of risk management procedure for the health of employees has been elaborated based on the process approach, the Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT), and the IDEF0 functional modeling methodology. The main context diagram of the process of the risk management procedure for the health of employees in the IDEF0 notation has been developed. The decomposition of the second and third-level processes has been presented; all their functional links have been described. The suggested methodology of process modeling makes it possible to ensure positive results as to the support, cost-efficiency, and timing of the development of the system model of risk management procedure for the health of employees. It has been demonstrated that the process approach used in the design of the system model of risk management procedure for the health of employees enables to structure of the process composition, to determine precisely the input and output parameters of processes, the participants of processes, the resources, and ensure control and adjustment of processes.
The Study of the Efficiency of Use of Air-Conditioning Systems to Ensure Safety of Mine-Rescue Operations in the Area of High Air Temperatures
Authors:   Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zaytsev A.V. , Perestoronin M.O. ,   Mining Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

Today, the problem of increased air temperatures in excavations of shafts and mines limiting or hampering mine-rescue operations is crucial. The existing technical solutions primarily aim to reduce the effects of heating microclimate on the mine rescuers via the use of individual and collective anti-heat equipment. Meanwhile, a potentially prospective means to ensure safe thermal effects on rescuers is to reduce the air temperature along their route via the use of air conditioning systems. The article is dedicated to developing a methodology for the air-conditioning system calculation to ensure the safety of mine-rescue operations. The developed methodology is conceptual and based on the principle of equity of the duration and intensity of cooling and heating effects of the environment on mine rescuers, considering the differentiation of the mine-rescue operations’ route by the parameters of tracing and microclimate following the requirements of the Instruction on localization and elimination of accident consequences. The calculations based on the proposed methodology enable the determination of the cooling capacity of the conditioning system that normalizes the microclimate along the entire length of the mine-rescue operations’ route as well as the maximum air temperature on the route. It is assumed that the developed methodology can be useful in the design of regular and emergency air-conditioning systems.
The Efficiency of the Use of Innovative Training Methods for Personnel to Improve Safety at Hazardous Production Facilities
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Sаvelieva T.S.
Published: April 2024

The article considers methods and tools used for the implementation of e-learning technology within the structure of «RZhD» JSC. In current conditions, the traditional methods of learning obtain new forms and content based on the implementation of innovative technologies in the process. Despite this fact, the participation of employees in production processes remains an extremely significant topic. Each employee must continue learning throughout his (her) professional career. Intercorporate training is one of the most important ways to improve the professional level of personnel. E-learning is an integral part of the contemporary learning process. Its implementation helps to improve the formation of employees’ competencies. The effectiveness of employees depends on their knowledge of the features of innovation management, continuous professional development, systematic thinking and high responsibility for results. To achieve effective indicators, innovative solutions must be used in order not only to meet the regulatory requirements but also to ensure the comprehensive absorption of learning materials by the personnel. The work reveals the concepts of «technology of e-learning», «methods of e-learning», and «tools of e-learning» are disclosed. The main factors causing the necessity of training have been determined. The advantages and disadvantages of distance learning methods have been identified and analyzed. The elements of studies aiming at the identification of the efficiency of training methods applied based on the surveys among employees are included in the research. Practical recommendations and activities based on the use of feedback techniques and the development of critical thinking among personnel are provided. Practical recommendations and measures based on the application of the feedback methodology and critical thinking development for employees are provided. An expert view is presented on the use of modern technical and technological solutions, as well as the latest digital capabilities in terms of optimization and efficient and safe work organization.
Factors Affecting Small Entrepreneurs’ Intention to Implement Green Production Processes
Authors: Karsana Yusef Widya , Anggraini Francisca Reni Retno , Siswanto Franciscus  Asisi Joko
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the factors that encourage small entrepreneurs, especially in the batik industry, to apply green behavior principles in the production process. This research was driven by the issue of environmental pollution which is still a problem that cannot be resolved to date. There has been external encouragement for the batik industry, coming from UNESCO, which requested that batik be recognized as Indonesia’s national cultural heritage if it is produced without violating environmental ethics. This research aims to explore the behavior of hand-written Batik entrepreneurs in carrying out the production process in accordance with environmentally friendly principles or green behavior. This research is exploratory research, namely as initial research, which aims to clarify problems regarding the driving factors of batik entrepreneurs in carrying out the production process with the principle of caring for the environment (green production). This research uses a survey with a population of all batik entrepreneurs in Sleman district, Yogyakarta. Sample selection used convenience sampling, where this research only used samples from batik entrepreneurs who were willing to respond to the questionnaires. The sample of the research is 30 persons. Data is analyzed using non-parametric statistics, namely Tau Kendall and Spearman’s rho. The results show that there are several factors that influence the intentions of batik entrepreneurs in implementing the green production process, namely green personality, personal norms, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF THE C3a COMPONENT OF THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEM AND THE CONCENTRATION OF SERUM IgE IN CHILDREN LIVING IN THE ARARAT REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors: ASTABATSYAN TIGRAN , NIZHEGORODOVA DARIA , GRIGORYAN VAHAN , CHICHOYAN EVA , KARABEKYAN ZARUHI , ZAFRANSKAYA MARINA
Published: April 2024

The article examines the distribution of the complement system and the concentration of IgE in materials taken for analysis in certain industrial zones of the Ararat region of Armenia. An analytical review of the collected factual material in children is carried out, the spread of diseases of various etiologies and their characteristics among the child population in the Republic of Armenia, depending on environmental factors and disturbances in the environment.
The complement system is a complex of protective proteins present in the blood. C3 is a central component of the complement system, an acute phase protein. Analysis of the content of the C3a component of the complement system and the concentration of serum IgE in children is of interest in the diagnosis of immunodeficiency conditions caused by hereditary defects of the complement system, and in the timely detection of those autoimmune diseases that contribute to an increase in the consumed complement component.
The purpose of the article: to collect factual material and identify interdependent features that influence the spread of diseases of various etiologies among the child population in the RA due to environmental factors and disturbances in the environment of those regions of Ararat.
SUPPORTING INSTRUMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION FOR RESOLVING CONFLICTS WITHIN THE UNION
Authors: ZARGARIAN VAHE
Published: April 2024

The European Union, a community consisting of 27 member states with completely different histories, cultures, economies and levels of development, needs certain clear rules of the game that will ensure peaceful coexistence and continuity of coexistence of states gathered under one integration roof.
This article focuses on the principle of subsidiarity in the EU and its role in conflict management.
The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of how subsidiarity operates as a mechanism to reduce tensions and promote cooperation between EU member states. The analysis focuses on the historical application of this principle in different political contexts to identify patterns and general trends.
The methodological approach of the article is based on a comprehensive analysis of political decision-making processes at the EU level, taking into account the principle of subsidiarity. By combining qualitative and quantitative research methods, the impact of this principle on conflict identification, prevention and resolution is systematically explored.
It was confirmed that targeted and effective implementation of the principle of subsidiarity in the EU can make a significant contribution to conflict prevention and resolution. Principle of subsidiarity acts as the main tool for conflict management in the EU, plays a central role.
REFLECTION ON THE EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF A CHESS TEACHER’S COMPETENCES (analyses and interpretations)
Authors: KARAPETYAN VLADIMIR , AMIRAGHYAN MARIANNA
Published: April 2024

Chess teaching approach in junior classes of primary schools is discussed in the article, considering it as a leading educational activity, as it completely reflects the essence of psychological renovation. Chess education is considered to be the unique display of resistant process of aimed unification of educational activity, the result of which are the actions with certain characteristics (scientific, systematic, generalized, etc.). The idea of junior school education can be newly interpreted in the process of chess teaching. In this context the model of professional competences of a chess teacher, which is the means of the formation of academic activity, must be considered and checked in primary schools as well. Thus, the purpose of the research is to reveal the real place of teaching of chess as a leading activity and to suggest a new model of competencies with the perspective of cognitive block and activation of cognitions. During the research, the following methods have been used: theoretical analysis, modeling, combination of empirical studies. It has been revealed that chess education in primary school is built with the mechanism of combining suitable learning activities, which in its cognitive nature reflects the entire element of the competences of the chess teacher.
NEW ATTEMPT TO READ WORK “THE HISTORY OF TIGRAN OR MORAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR ARMENIAN CHILDREN”
Authors: MNATSAKANYAN YEVA
Published: April 2024

The article examines the novel of the great enlightener and pedagogue Khachatur Abovyan “The History of Tigran or Moral Instructions for Armenian Children” written during the last years of his life, and also touches upon his pedagogical and educational views, methodology, the concept of the formation of a new intelligentsia, new Rousseauism, the concept of the activities of an intellectual-pedagogue, the images of the novel and the typology.
The objective of the article is to reveal the content and functional significance of the work by comparing the methods used in the 21st century.
The purpose of the article is to emphasize the fact that Abovyan’s novel up to this day has retained its educational and cognitive significance and can be used in the process of the development of a person. When conducting historical analysis, we have used comparative- historical, comparative, as well as analytical methods.
So, Abovyan, since in the first half of the 19th century, was the first to introduce the elements of a system of interactive teaching methods into the Armenian reality, which by the end of the 20th century started dominating in the educational system of the Armenian reality under the name of interactive teaching.
THE CORRELATION PECULIARITIES OF INTELLIGENCE AND WILL-POWER OF A PERSSON IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: AVAGYAN ANI
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the characteristics of the correlation between intelligence and willpower at different stages of personality development. In the article the author reviews the specifics between intellect and will-power of the three stages of person's  development. It is mentioned that connections with different level of expression have revealed between intellect and will-power. Based on those, the author makes conclusion that intellect and will-power are factors of hard connections.
Intelligence has been found to have a regulatory function in a person's willpower. At different stages of a person's development, depending on the problems at the given stage, willpower becomes more relevant, and the regulatory function of the intellect in relation to the actualized properties increases.
Citizen’s motivation in neighbourhood planning in North West England
Authors: Cao Xinxin , Sturzaker John
Published: April 2024

Although some researchers have addressed the question of what motivates citizens to become involved in lower tier planning in the UK, the phenomenon is not yet fully understood. A lack of hard data, combined with some mutually contradictory arguments in the field, makes for imperfect analysis, and this can potentially undermine the effectiveness of individual engagement in Neighbourhood Plans (NPs). This paper focuses on what motivates citizens to participate in the process of creating NPs in North West England, and explores past theories on individual motivation. This study achieved its research aims through extensive research of the relevant literature, combined with an empirical study of five neighbourhoods in North West England. The main conclusion drawn from the dissertation is that there are complex and multiple motivations of people participating in NPs, and these impetuses are affected by a range of political, environmental and socio-economic factors. This research offers opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of NPs for researchers and NP stakeholders alike.
DNA Methylation Biomarkers in Cancer Diagnostics
Authors: Ivana Baranova , Marek Samec , Renata Pecova , Martin Pec , Zuzana Dankova
Published: April 2024

Cancer development and progression are characterized by intricate genetic and epigenetic alternations, with DNA methylation playing a crucial role in this transformative process. Recent advancements in DNA methylation mapping technologies have significantly contributed to the identification of novel cancer biomarkers. We provide a short overview of Conformité Européenne-marked in vitro diagnostic tests designed to detect DNA methylation changes in oncology practice.
The Role of Selected Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Gliomas
Authors: Katarina Dibdiakova , Jozef Hatok , Renata Pecova , Martin Pec , Andrea Evinova
Published: April 2024

The progression of tumor formation is a multifactorial process that involves changes at different levels. Within this intricate molecular and cellular landscape of tumorigenesis, specific enzymes, namely matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), emerge as pivotal contributors. They may influence this process at the level of tissue remodelling, angiogenesis, changes in cell signalling, invasion and metastasis, but may also serve as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. Although the function of MMPs has been known for a long time, their specific role in the pathogenesis of brain tumors has only begun to be investigated in the last three decades. Deregulation of MMPs expression, frequently observed in brain tumor tissue, is associated with malignant phenotype, dependent on the grade of malignancy and associated with a worse prognosis. They participate in tissue remodelling under physiological and pathological conditions, which predetermines their action especially in the process of invasion and migration of tumor cells into the surrounding tissue. Related to their potential in tumor progression, they are also being investigated as possible targets in anticancer therapy. It would be very difficult to characterize in detail the role of all known MMPs in the context of brain tumor pathogenesis, so we have selected those that have an essential effect in this issue.
Characterization of Plasmids Isolated from Bacterial Flora of CRC Patients – Proof of Concept
Authors: Vincent Lucansky , Renata Pecova , Martin Pec , Marek Samec
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading oncogenic disorders, both in terms of incidence and mortality. The etiology of the disease is certainly multifactorial. Various risk factors like alcohol consumption, smoking, CRC family history, inflammatory bowel disease, hormone therapy, aspirin/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use, higher body mass index, consumption of red and/or processed meat, insufficient physical activity, and decreased intake of fruit and vegetables have been pointed out; however, there is not enough support evidence for a single particular causative mechanism. Recently, gut bacterial microbiota has been shown to influence significantly the pathogenesis of CRC. However, little attention is paid to the putative impact of plasmids in gut flora.

Material and methods

We have designed and tested the workflow for semi-selective isolation and amplification of random circular sequences. The exploitation of rolling circle amplification (RCA) with a random hexamers protocol is crucial for the outcome.

Results

Our results suggest that it is possible to isolate and amplify plasmid DNA from gut flora and further process, sequence, and identify them.

Discussion

Little is known about the interactions between bacterial plasmids and human cells. The collection of plasmid sequencing data and the comparison of CRC patients and healthy control sequences can be the first step to elucidating this phenomenon.
Metabolic Flexibility: Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Andrea Evinova , Beata Cizmarova , Michal Pokusa , Renata Pecova , Martin Pec , Katarina Dibdiaková
Published: April 2024

Various types of cancer exhibit distinct sensitivities to anticancer drugs, reflecting their unique developmental pathways. Exploiting mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells presents novel therapeutic opportunities. In recent years, advancements have underscored the significance of oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and glutamine addiction in cancer cells, shifting attention towards mitochondrial metabolism. The foundation of mitochondrial medicine lies in comprehending targeted mitochondrial therapy and the development of specific mitochondrial drugs. Certain alterations within mitochondrial metabolism lead to the accumulation of oncometabolites, serving as epigenetic regulators, or an increase in reactive oxygen species production, both of which contribute to tumorigenesis. Importantly, the substantial involvement of mitochondrial metabolism in tumorigenesis offers potential avenues for exploiting as strategies for cancer therapy. Integrated pharmacological approaches targeting mitochondrial metabolic pathways are imperative for an effective eradication of tumor masses and a concurrent elimination of small subpopulations of mitochondria. The significance of mitochondria in cancer is undeniable, offering numerous appealing targets for both tailored and personalized cancer therapy.
Deep Learning Algorithms for Sports Data Analysis and Prediction in Sports Competitions
Authors: Wei Shuguang
Published: April 2024

Sports data analysis and prediction are essential for gaining a competitive advantage in today’s sports. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have shown promising outcomes in several disciplines, including sports analytics. Sports data is dynamic and complex, making it difficult for standard ANNs to identify minute patterns in it. We introduce a new Puzzle-Optimized Artificial Neural Network (PO-ANN) in this work, which is intended for sports data processing and prediction. The PO-ANN is optimized using a puzzle-inspired method to enhance the network’s ability to identify and comprehend complex patterns in the data. The technique constantly modifies the weights and network topology, enabling the model to better react to the shifting dynamics of sports competitions. The Indian Premier League provided the dataset, which consists of 950 matches and 20 variables (IPL). We implemented our proposed PO-ANN and forecast accuracy in sports data analysis and prediction using Python. We performed a comparison analysis between our suggested PO-ANN approach and other existing methods, using numerous metrics, including MSE, MAE, and MAPE. The suggested POANN technique produced better outcomes than the previous approaches.
The Effect of the Concrete Structure Design Course Based on Formative Assessment
Authors: Zhang Maoyu , Wang Yanru , Li Ruige , Jiang Ruinian
Published: April 2024

The scientificity and rationality of the course assessment method, as a key factor determining whether the course objectives can be achieved, is closely related to the learning effectiveness and competence development of students. In the present study, an assessment method based on formative assessment and supplemented by summative assessment was implemented for the concrete structure design course, and a mechanism for tracking students’ learning status and providing timely feedback was constructed. We compared and analyzed students’ satisfaction, students’ overall assessment results, and students’ learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the proposed course assessment method. The result showed that there was a significant improvement in these three aspects after the implementation of the proposed course assessment method, which promoted student learning.
Music Therapy Music Selection Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Wu Chuyi
Published: April 2024

Music, as a carrier of emotional sustenance, can not only achieve spiritual resonance in the process of listening but also reflect the vitality of life in the rhythm of music. As an effective relief method, music intervention has far-reaching significance in the development of psychotherapy. In the practice of music therapy, music selection is particularly important, and the rationality and rigor of music selection directly affect the therapeutic effect. The process of music selection in music therapy is in common with Internet music recommendation, so it has theoretical and practical value to apply personalized music recommendation algorithms to music therapy. In this paper, driven by big data, a music recommendation model based on an improved collaborative filtering (CF) algorithm is proposed, which combines the psychological adjustment of users’ music preferences and different music rhythm features to select music for music therapy and provides theoretical support for music therapy selection. The results show that the construction of music resources for music therapy based on an improved CF algorithm can greatly improve the music selection process of music therapy.
AI-Driven Decision Support System for Green and Sustainable Urban Planning in Smart Cities
Authors: Xu Can
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on innovative practices in sustainable urban planning, demonstrating significant advancements in key areas such as solar panel efficiency, rainwater harvesting capacity, community garden space, and bike-sharing station accessibility through in-depth experimentation and analysis. The research results show that the energy conversion rate of solar panels reached 25%, surpassing the market standard of 24%, which is crucial for enhancing self-sufficiency in energy in urban areas. The rainwater harvesting system performed well, achieving a capacity of 600 liters per square meter, slightly below the market rate of 650 liters, but still demonstrating significant potential in dense urban environments. Additionally, our project provided 3 square meters of community garden space per resident, exceeding the market average, effectively promoting urban greening and improving residents’ quality of life. In terms of transportation, our experimental model featured 1.5 bike-sharing stations per 1000 residents, better than the market data of 1.2 stations, contributing to the development of sustainable urban transportation. These outcomes not only showcase the potential of sustainable urban planning but also provide practical references and guidance for future urban development.
Online Public Opinion Analysis Model Based on Long Short-term Memory Network and Expectation Maximization
Authors: Zhou Chunliang
Published: April 2024

With the rapid dissemination of online public opinion, its emotions are easily transmitted to the general public. It possesses a certain level of social mobilization capacity and can impact the stability of society. To characterize the sentiment trend of social network information and determine its influence, we have proposed a method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and expectation maximization(EM). This model employs a long short-term memory network for data training, obtaining the number of positive public opinions through word-to-word matching. Based on the expectation-maximization method and Jensen’s inequality, the lower bound of the maximum likelihood function is iteratively computed, ultimately achieving convergence of this likelihood function. This convergence value is then used for sentiment analysis. Our study utilizes 10,000 valid pieces of data from the Sina microblog as experimental data. By comparing our model with the K-MEANS model and the EM model, the results indicate significant improvements in the accuracy and convergence of our model. Our research discovers that the influence of public opinion increases as the compensation value for adoption rises, and the probability of public opinion generation gradually increases with the length of user registration years, eventually slowing down.
Research on Civil Aviation Passenger Transportation Accident Symptoms Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Huang Zhousheng , Tang Weizhen , Tian Qiqi
Published: April 2024

In the process of civil aviation safety production, countries and organizations have unified the establishment of a mandatory accident reporting system. In addition, in order to prevent aviation accidents and accident symptoms to the maximum extent, and to obtain as detailed information as possible in the first time when accidents, accident symptoms and other civil aviation unsafe incidents occur, Countries and organizations should also establish a non-punitive voluntary aviation incident reporting system to complement this. NASA in the 1970s began to establish the aviation voluntary reporting system, the system ASRS later became the world’s first implementation of the aviation safety voluntary reporting system. This paper is a comprehensive study on the voluntary reporting system for civil aviation safety. By using data mining technology, the 6W structured expression model of aviation safety accident report is established on the basis of ASRS system for aviation safety accident report, and the information of different dimensions and different data structures is studied completely and systematically. According to the data types in the 6W structured representation model, two data mining methods of multi-dimension analysis and text classification are selected.