bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Uzbekistan's Planting Industry Growth Based on Shift-Share Method
Authors: Lingzhi Zhang
Published: May 2021

Changes in the structure of the planting industry are an important indicator of the level of agricultural development. This paper applies the shift-share analysis method to analyse the growth of Uzbekistan’s planting industry from 2011 to 2018 into three parts: the national share, the industry mix and the regional shift component. The study found that the growth of Uzbekistan’s national planting industry has driven the growth of the planting industry in each state. Although the output of grain and cotton is still the main output of the planting industry, the scale of grain and cotton is relatively shrinking, and the output of vegetables, melons, fruits and berries, and grapes is on the rise. Because of the obvious differences in the impact of the planting industry structure and competitiveness on yield growth in Uzbekistan states, each state should formulate corresponding industrial policies according to the advantages and characteristics of planting industry.
Impact of Public Sector Financial Management on the Economic Growth of Nigeria
Authors: Success Ikechi Kanu , Kenedunium Obi Henry , Hilary Chinedum Akuwudike
Published: May 2021

The main thrust of this study is to investigate the seeming mismatch between resource generation, resource allocation and expenditure management in Nigeria. While an ex-post facto research design was adopted in the investigation; descriptive statistics as well as a least square regression analysis were carried out on a time-series data to ascertain relationships. Real Gross Domestic Product taken as a proxy for economic growth is the dependent variable while capital and recurrent expenditures are the independent variables. Outcome of the study indicates that, the nation’s financing option is skewed towards payment of salaries and personnel emoluments (Recurrent Expenditures) as against the provision of basic infrastructures (Capital Expenditures) that are growth oriented. The trend of disbursements is not appropriately harnessed to create a favorable and positive impact on economic growth. In the short run, the disaggregated components of capital expenditure (CAPEX) indicate that expenses incurred in administration sector and external debt service transfers attracted more than their fare share of public expenditure to the detriment of economic and social community welfare services. The disaggregated component of recurrent expenditures (RECEX) indicate that expense on economic service sector and the lagged value of RGDP taken as an explanatory variable were found to have a positive significant relationship with economic growth in the long run. It is therefore recommended that conscious efforts be made by government to scrutinize and monitor budget implementations. Macroeconomic projections should guide the overall level of expenditures. This should be more realistic, internally consistent and based on more accurate and timely information. Government must embark on a careful estimation and determination of priorities and to emphasize the need for control over revenue and expenditure so as to enhance critical areas of economic growth in Nigeria.
Inclusion Effect of Fox Tail Millet in Fallow-chickpea Production System: An Approach to Improve Land Productivity in Vertisols under Variable Water Regimes
Authors: Munirathnam P. , Kumar K. Ashok
Published: May 2021

Background: The land utilization efficiency of vertisols can be increased by inclusion of a short duration crop preceding Bengal gram in fallow-bengalgram cropping system in scarce rainfall zone of Andhra Pradesh. Methods: A field investigation was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, Kurnool (District), Andhra Pradesh during 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 to study the influence of including a short duration crop like foxtail millet in traditional fallow-chickpea system. The field was laid out in Split plot design and the treatments are comprised of cropping systems i.e foxtail millet-chickpea and fallow-chickpea as main plots and variable water regimes (with and without irrigation) as subplots. Result: The results revealed that in deep vertisols, kharif fallows can be grown with a short duration crop like foxtail millet by utilising the initial rains of the season thus providing an additional income to chickpea farmer and was also observed that seed yield of chickpea taken up during rabi was not affected due to preceding foxtail millet.
Recorrido de estudio e investigación en física y matemáticas en la escuela secundaria
Authors: Gazzola María Paz , Otero María Rita , Llanos Viviana Carolina
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se reportan resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo es desarrollar, analizar y evaluar recorridos de estudio y de investigación [REI] genuinamente codisciplinares en la escuela secundaria. Se presenta la implementación y el análisis de un REI en física y matemáticas. El dispositivo fue implementado en cinco cursos regulares de matemáticas de distintas instituciones escolares del partido de Tandil, Argentina. Participaron 116 estudiantes de entre 16 y 18 años. Se utilizan como referente teórico la teoría antropológica de lo didáctico, los constructos teóricos del REI y el esquema herbartiano. En este trabajo se describe y se analiza de manera detallada el proceso de generación del medio didáctico —mesogénesis— en cada implementación. Los resultados obtenidos permiten identificar las dificultades para organizar y desarrollar en las aulas un medio de estudio strictu sensu como se propone en un REI. El análisis de la mesogénesis permite trazar algunas conclusiones sobre la ecología de este tipo de enseñanza en cursos usuales de la escuela secundaria.
Identificación de saberes ancestrales en la etnia Emberá Katío sobre el cuidado del medioambiente
Authors: Cantero Elizabeth , Hernández Elías Enrique
Published: May 2021

La educación en Colombia tiene dificultades para satisfacer las necesidades de las comunidades indígenas y equilibrar los programas educativos con los requerimientos culturales de cada comunidad, los niños indígenas se ven obligados a adaptarse a un sistema educativo no acorde con sus necesidades. Por ello el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los saberes ancestrales de la cultura Emberá Katío relacionados con el cuidado del medio ambiente y la relación del indígena con la naturaleza. La metodología del estudio se enmarca en el enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño etnográfico, la recolección de información se realizó por entrevista semiestructurada y la observación. Como conclusión principal se destaca que los Emberá tiene una forma diferente de ver el mundo, con una cosmovisión propia que incluyen creencias, prácticas y costumbres tradicionales que definen su estructura como pueblo y sociedad, conciben a la tierra como madre por lo que tienen una relación de respeto hacia ella, que es trasmitido a sus hijos por medio de los saberes espirituales y las practicas productivas tradicionales.
COVID-19, Global Value Chains, and the Impact on Gender: Evidence from the Garment and Electronics Sectors in Asia
Authors: MacDonald Keir
Published: May 2021

This report analyses the impact of COVID-19 on women in the global garment and electronics value chains, with a focus on women working in production in Asia. Building on a previous K4D assessment of COVID-19 and its implications for global value chains (Quak, 2020), this report addresses the need to understand how COVID-19 specifically impacts women in global value chains. The report seeks to answer the question “how have male and female workers been affected differently by the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly regarding employment and the ability to work differently?”. The review presented is based on existing evidence of the gendered impacts of COVID-19 on the garment and electronics value chains in Asia and draws on both academic and grey literature. At the time of research (March 2021), the evidence was relatively sparse, frequently relying on initial surveys completed early on in the pandemic. In addition, data disaggregated by gender is rare. Where these data are not available, our approach is to synthesise what we know about the impact of COVID-19 with what we know about the nature of gender in the garment and electronics sectors and to conclude the likely impacts of COVID-19 on gender.
Teneur en énergie métabolisable et digestibilité des acides aminés chez le coq de deux sous-produits de l'extraction de l'huile : tourteau de palmiste pressé (Elaeis guineensis) et germe et son de maïs extrait (Zea mays)
Authors: Vilariño Maria , Rudeaux F. , León Alicia , Picard Michel
Published: May 2021

La digestibilité d'un échantillon de tourteau de palmiste vénézuélien (TP) [contenant 92,2 % de matière sèche (MS) et en pourcentage de MS : 13,5 de protéine brute (PB), 14,6 de matières grasses (MG), 4,6 de matières minérales (MM), 60,7 de parois végétales (PAR) et moins de 1 % d'amidon et de sucres] est mesurée chez neuf coqs nourris ad libitum (30 p. 100 TP + 67 % maïs témoin + 3 % prémélange). La valeur d'énergie métabolisable apparente (EMA) de TP est 1 963 ± 52 kcal/kg MS. La digestibilité vraie moyenne des acides aminés de TP est 48 % (pour la lysine, 26 %). Les mêmes mesures sont faites sur un sous-produit vénézuélien de l'extraction de l'huile et de la farine de maïs contenant les germes et du son (GSME) [85,9 % MS et en p. 100 MS : 14,1 PB, 1,3 MG, 3,9 MM, 34,2 PAR, 44,0 d'amidon et 6,2 de sucres] à 50 % dans le régime de test (+ 47 % maïs témoin + 3 % prémélange). La valeur EMA de GSME est 2 648 ± 28 kcal/kg MS. La digestibilité vraie moyenne des acides aminés de GSME est de 89 % (pour la lysine, 82 %). Les coefficients de digestibilité élevés pour les protéines et l'amidon de GSME facilitent la prédiction de sa valeur EMA pour les volailles à partir de l'analyse chimique. Le TP testé est essentiellement une source de lipides résiduels dont la teneur détermine la valeur nutritionnelle pour les volailles.
Caractérisation in vitro et in vivo de deux souches de virus de la variole des dromadaires à virulence atténuée
Authors: Otterbein C.K. , Meyer H. , Renner Müller I.C.E. , Munz E.
Published: May 2021

Deux souches de virus de la variole des dromadaires (CPV) isolées de dromadaires affectés d'altérations cutanées généralisées ont été soumises à des passages en série de cellules Vero. Différentes caractéristiques phénotypiques furent étudiées in vivo comme in vitro et comparées à celle des souches sauvages correspondantes. A beaucoup d'égards, aucune différence ne put être constatée. Toutefois, dans un modèle de souris, les deux souches soumises au passage s'avèrent sensiblement atténuées. De plus, ces souches ne sont pas en mesure de se reproduire dans une culture dérivée de cellules cutanées de dromadaire. Par comparaison des cartes génomiques physiques établies pour les enzymes HindIII et XhoI, des délétions totalisant 22 kilobasepaires furent constatées pour l'une des souches atténuées. Le génome de la deuxième souche ne comportait que des altérations mineures.
Lutte intégrée contre les parasitoses animales tropicales
Authors: Uilenberg Gerrit
Published: May 2021

Dans le passé, la lutte contre les parasites était essentiellement basée sur l'utilisation de médicaments et de pesticides. La tendance actuelle est vers une approche plus flexible, intégrant divers autres moyens de combattre ces pathologies. Les raisons principales de cette évolution sont les suivantes :

- apparition de résistances des parasites aux composés utilisés ;

- ralentissement du développement de nouveaux composés pour compenser ce phénomène de résistance (réglementation de plus en plus stricte sur la toxicité et les résidus) ;

- accroissement des coûts des nouveaux produits pour l'utilisateur ;

- problèmes liés à la toxicité, à la pollution de l'environnement et aux résidus dans les produits d'origine animale.

La gestion intégrée des moyens de lutte contre les parasites utilise, dans la mesure du possible, la lutte biologique et mécanique, la résistance acquise et innée de l'hôte du parasite, ainsi que des procédures mécaniques, sanitaires et réglementaires, même si la lutte chimique ne peut que rarement être complètement abolie.
Caractéristiques du sperme et potentiel d'utilisation par insémination artificielle des taureaux de race Borgou
Authors: Adamou N'Diaye M. , Jondet R. , Adjovi A.
Published: May 2021

Le but de ce travail est d'évaluer les caractéristiques principales du sperme de taureau Borgou en milieu tropical humide en vue de pratiquer l'insémination artificielle dans cette race. Les récoltes de sperme (au vagin artificiel) se sont déroulées pendant trois mois au cours de la grande saison des pluies au Bénin, au rythme d'un éjaculat par semaine pour 10 taureaux et de deux éjaculats par semaine pour 6 taureaux. Les résultats pour les éjaculats retenus lors de récoltes hebdomadaires sont en moyenne, volume 3,43 ml; motilité de masse 3,85 (échelle 0-5); motilité individuelle 75,7 %; concentration 1,19 x 109 spermatozoïdes/ml; nombre total 4,09 x 109 spermatozoïdes. Ils sont, pour les éjaculats retenus lors de récoltes bihebdomadaires, volume 3,16; motilité de masse 4,30; motilité individuelle 79,5 %; concentration 0,76 x 109 spermatozoïdes/ml; nombre total 2,45 x 109 spermatozoïdes.
Evaluation de la protection vaccinale contre la peste bovine au Cameroun. III. Evaluation globale
Authors: Ngangnou A. , Zoyem N. , Hamet M. , Abdoulkadiri S.
Published: May 2021

Le Laboratoire national vétérinaire (LANAVET) de Garoua (Cameroun) exécute le volet séro-surveillance dans le cadre de la Campagne panafricaine de lutte contre la peste bovine (PARC) depuis 1989. En 1993, l'enquête a porté sur 8 517 sérums prélevés dans 286 troupeaux bovins âgés de 0 à 3 ans. La prévalence observée a été de 54 %. Deux mille dix sérums issus de 68 troupeaux à faible taux d'anticorps bovipestiques ont été testés par la technique ELISA de compétition, adaptée à la peste des petits ruminants (PPR). Seuls, 91 des sérums (4,5 %) ont présenté des anticorps anti-virus de la PPR, ce qui n'augmente pas de manière significative le niveau de protection du cheptel vis-à-vis de la peste bovine. D'autre part, la faiblesse de l'immunité post-vaccinale contre la peste bovine n'est vraisemblablement pas due à l'infection des bovins par le virus de la PPR.
Le peuplement de l'Afrique par la chèvre domestique
Authors: Bouchel Didier , Lauvergne J.J.
Published: May 2021

L'origine de la chèvre en Afrique semble se situer au Moyen-Orient, où l'on trouve encore l'espèce sauvage ancêtre de l'espèce domestique ainsi que de nombreuses preuves archéozoologiques d'un processus de domestication datant de 8500 à 9000 ans. Les nomenclatures disponibles permettent de distinguer les deux catégories de la classification évolutive postdomesticatoire : populations primaires qui semblent être les plus nombreuses en Afrique et races standardisées. Dans les populations primaires africaines l'utilisation d'indices morpho-biométriques permet de distinguer des sous populations. Ainsi, avec l'indice de gracilité sous-sternale (lGs), on distingue des animaux brevipes (lGs = 1) et des longipes (lGs = 1,5). On peut proposer un scénario de peuplement de l'Afrique par la chèvre domestique en deux vagues successives : une première vague de type brevipes originaire du Moyen-Orient qui a couvert toute l'Afrique (lGs = 1) et une seconde vague de type longipes probablement venue également du Moyen-Orient (lGs = 1,5) qui a occupé la zone la plus chaude de part et d'autre de l'équateur thermique. Les populations de chèvres naines se seraient différenciées sur place à partir de chèvres brevipes.
Covid-19 e igualdad de género
Authors: Fernández Galiño María Dolores , Lousada Arochena José Fernando
Published: May 2021

El estudio analiza el impacto de género de la pandemia causada por el coronavirus COVID-19 y la respuesta dada en España analizada desde una perspectiva de género. Para ello, se hace un triple acercamiento: (1) las consecuencias de la enfermedad sobre la salud de las personas; (2) las consecuencias del confinamiento y medidas acordadas para combatir la enfermedad; (3) las consecuencias sociales, laborales y económicas derivadas de la enfermedad y/o de las medidas para combatirla. Se alcanzan dos conclusiones: una, la pandemia pone en riesgo el nivel de igualdad de género alcanzado con anterioridad; y otra, pero también es oportunidad de mejora si los poderes públicos introducen la perspectiva de género en el corazón de la reconstrucción.
Grau Pineda, C. La brecha de pensiones en España
Authors: Nieto Rojas Patricia
Published: May 2021

Este artículo reseña: Grau Pineda, C. La brecha de pensiones en España.Albacete: Bomarzo, 2021. ISBN: 978-84-18330-32-2. 137 p.
Ventura Franch, A. e Iglesias Bárez, M. (Coords.). Manual de Derecho Constitucional Español con Perspectiva de Género
Authors: Martín Guardado Sergio
Published: May 2021

Este artículo reseña: Ventura Franch, A. e Iglesias Bárez, M. (Coords.). Manual de Derecho Constitucional Español con Perspectiva de Género. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, 2020, 482 pp. ISBN: 978-84-1311-243-5.
A renovação carismática católica na Colômbia
Authors: Urrego Romero John Edisson
Published: May 2021

O artigo faz uma aproximação ao período de consolidação da Renovação Carismática Católica (RCC) no catolicismo na Colômbia. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na revisão documental e em entrevistas com os líderes carismáticos e crentes das comunidades estudadas. Pode-se identificar que essa organização passou de um sistema de interação, fortalecido pelas experiências carismáticas relacionadas ao ecumenismo e à pastoral social nos anos 1970, para a sua consolidação como uma organização religiosa institucionalizada de tipo Novo Movimento Religioso (NMR), no interior da Igreja Católica, que regulava práticas e crenças carismáticas por meio de novas formas de governo, disposições dogmáticas e novos rituais.
Joaquín Algranti, Mariela Mosqueira y Damián Settón (Orgs.). La Institución como proceso:
Authors: Funes María Eugenia
Published: May 2021

La compilación de intervenciones desarrolladas durante las IX Jornadas Internacionales de Ciencias Sociales y Religión a fines de 2017 constituye, sin dudas, un aporte epistemológico y metodológico fundamental para las ciencias sociales abocadas al estudio del fenómeno religioso. Este libro, compilado por los sociólogos Joaquín Algranti, Mariela Mosqueira y Damián Setton, resulta un aporte importante no sólo para quienes deseen adentrarse en algunas de las muchas expresiones que la vida religiosa presenta en América Latina, sino también para aquellos interesados en pensar acerca de las formas en que construimos conocimiento desde las ciencias sociales. Como expresa Fortunato Mallimaci en el Prólogo, este libro constituye una apuesta epistemológica (y política) en tanto busca construir propuestas teóricas y analíticas a través de la reunión de académicos de diferentes países de Latinoamérica, formados en diferentes disciplinas de las ciencias sociales y con objetos de estudio de lo más diversos en términos geográficos, generacionales, de clase y de género. En ese sentido, el libro encarna un proyecto sobre el cual se suele insistir en ámbitos informales de las ciencias sociales locales pero que muchas veces no es llevado a la práctica: la posibilidad de construir teorías de alcance medio y general que problematicen los alcances aparentemente universales de las categorías producidas en los países centrales.
O espírito santo e o "rei do fim do mundo”
Authors: Bonfim Evandro
Published: May 2021

A eleição de Jair Bolsonaro como presidente do Brasil teve o apoio, dentre outras alianças, de três lideranças religiosas de grande relevância para o Cristianismo brasileiro: o pastor Silas Malafaia, da Assembleia de Deus, o bispo Edir Macedo, da Igreja Universal, e o Monsenhor Jonas Abib, da Comunidade Canção Nova (CN). Após a eleição, Bolsonaro fez demonstrações públicas de agradecimento aos religiosos, tendo comparecido a eventos na Assembleia de Deus e na Chácara Santa Cruz, sede da CN no Vale do Paraíba Paulista, e mais recentemente ao Templo de Salomão, da IURD. A visita à Canção Nova foi marcada por um ritual descrito pelos meios de comunicação como “oração”, mas que corresponde ao complexo ritual de “imposição de mãos”, que inclui, além de rezas, a transferência do Espírito Santo, entidade espiritual que faz parte do processo de constituição da pessoa carismática (Bonfim 2012). O objetivo do artigo é conjugar o aspecto ontológico e ritual da comunicação pneumática contemporânea da Canção Nova dentro das relações entre o religioso e o político, mobilizadas com a ascensão de um governo de direita no Brasil.
The Effect of Self Efficacy and Social Support on Intention of Entrepreneurship in The Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Putra Pasca Dwi , Duma Yesika , Zainal Andri
Published: May 2021

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya minat berwirausaha mahasiswa, hal ini terbukti belum semua mahasiswa siap berwirausaha. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan dengan populasi 89 mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Total Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan angket (angket) yang pengukurannya menggunakan skala likert dan diolah secara statistik menggunakan uji Koefisien Korelasi untuk menguji hipotesis satu dan dua serta dengan uji Analisis Regresi Linier. Hasil analisis data diperoleh kontribusi variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen diketahui dengan koefisien determinasi (Adjusted R Square) yang tergolong rendah yang artinya variabel Self Efficacy dan Social Support memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengaruh tersebut. tentang Niat Wirausaha. Terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara Pengaruh Self Efficacy dan Social Support terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis.
Determination of Study Motivation and Learning Achievement In Entrepreneurship In The Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Mustofa Achmad , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Ismail Ismail , Sitorus Destri Sambara , Setiawan Ananda
Published: May 2021

Indonesia is a country that is affected by the existence of COVID-19. One of the biggest impacts on the world of education at Syiah Kuala University. One of these impacts includes learning conducted online. The purpose of this study was to see the influence of the learning styles of students of Syiah Kuala University Economic Education on learning motivation and subsequently on learning achievement in entrepreneurship courses. This type of research is a quantitative study with descriptive methods. The research design becomes a research model to measure the effect of independent variables, namely learning styles, intervening variables, namely learning motivation, and dependent variables, namely learning achievement. The results showed 1) there was a positive and insignificant influence on the learning style variable on the learning motivation variable, 2) there was a positive and insignificant influence on the learning motivation variable on the learning achievement variable.
Learning Model During Long Distance Learning
Authors: Sihaloho Fahmi Ashari S.
Published: May 2021

Online Distance Learning (ODL) is carried out because of the Covid-19 pandemic conditions which require people to carry out social distancing to reduce the risk of transmission. However, in the learning process, it still requires a learning model as a learning guide to achieve learning objectives so that students can achieve the desired competencies. In the 2013 curriculum, there are 3 learning models offered, namely Project Based Learning, Problem Based Learning and Discovery Learning. This research is a descriptive qualitative study that uses articles as data sources which are then compared as the author's ideas in terms of learning models in the ODL period. The results of this study indicate that the learning model offered in the 2013 Curriculum can still be used in online PJJ. However, it still has to be equipped with supporting tools and media so that the learning process can be carried out smoothly according to what has been planned
Russia and the European Union: the Posponed Partnership
Authors: Arbatova N.
Published: May 2021

Received 12.02.2021. The article is devoted to the analysis of the fundamental reasons that led to the crisis in relations between the Russian Federation and the European Union as well as relations between Russia and the West at large. The main attention is paid to both objective changes in international relations and subjective factors in the policies of Russia and the EU, that which predetermined the vector of evolution of their interaction. The article proposes a layer-by-layer analysis of these reasons, leading from a superficial perception of problems in depth to the origins of the current crisis. This method of analysis can be called the “matryoshka method”, when the main problem lies in the very depths of the phenomenon under study. In other words, the article proposes a “countdown” from the current crisis to the postbipolar start of cooperation between Russia and the European Union. Why did it all go wrong when it all started so well? And, finally, who is to blame for the failed partnership, and is it possible to get out of this deadlock? These and other questions are at the center of this article. The Ukraine conflict is widely perceived by the European Union and the West as whole as a turning point in their relations with the Russian Federation and the main reason of the deepest divide between them. However, this conflict is not so much the reason but rather the consequence of more profound contradictions between Russia and the West. These contradictions are revolving around the mutual misperceptions about the acceptable foundation of the post-bipolar European security and rivalry in the CIS space. The EU and NATO enlargement strategies presented by both institutions as two complementary processes raised Russia’s concerns about their intentions in the CIS region. But these contradictions did not appear from “the middle of nowhere”. They resulted from the uneven end of the bipolarity and mistakes made by the West and its institutions as well as miscalculations of the new Russian leadership. In the very centre of this “matryoshka doll” one can find the arguments explaining Russia’s historic convolutions on its way to Europe. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).
Latin America's Economic Chances in a Post-Covid-19 World
Authors: Yakovlev P.
Published: May 2021

Received 01.12.2020. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have hit Latin America’s economy and social sphere more than any other crisis in the last hundred years. Coexistence with the virus caused a wave of restrictive measures, destroyed normal mechanisms of supply and demand, collapsed production and foreign trade, dramatically worsened the financial situation of the majority of Latin Americans, exacerbated domestic political problems. The article shows that the extreme severity of the corona crisis was caused not only by its specific features but also by the pairing with other social ills inherent in Latin America: fatal miscalculations of ruling populist regimes, deep-rooted corruption, a huge informal sector of the economy. At the same time, the author attempts to understand the reality of the countries of the region in the post-COVID‑19 period, what can be done to mitigate the negative effects of the epidemic. And the main thing is whether Latin American states have the resources and opportunities to get out of the crisis with a more advanced technological structure of the regional economy. As a matter of fact, in international business and expert circles it is recognized that in recent years new and extremely important economic and social phenomena of the positive order have been born in the leading Latin American states: the modernization of the business community and the strengthening of the role of tecnolatinas, the improvement of the educational level of young people and, on this basis, the qualitative improvement of human capital, the deployment of modernization processes and technological renewal of the production apparatus. The consolidation and development of these trends create unique chances to overcome the extremely unfavourable situation in which the region found itself as a result of the epidemic of coronavirus.
Optimal Control of Mathematical Models on The Dynamics Spread of Drug Abuse
Authors: Anggriani Nita , Toaha Syamsuddin , Kasbawati Kasbawati
Published: May 2021

This article examines the optimal control of a mathematical model of the spread of drug abuse. This model consists of five population classes, namely susceptible to using drugs (S), light-grade drugs (A), heavy-grade drugs (H), medicated drugs (T), and Recovery from drugs (R). The system is solved using the Pontryagin minimum principle and numerically by the forward-backward sweep method. Numerical simulations of the optimal problem show that with the implementation of anti-drug campaigns and strengthening of self-psychology through counseling, the spread of drug abuse can be eradicated more quickly. The implementation of campaigns and strengthening of self-psychology through large amounts of counseling needs to be done from the beginning then the proportion can be reduced until a certain time does not need to be given anymore. The use of control in the form of strengthening efforts to self-psychology through counseling means that it needs to be done in a longer time to prevent the spread of drug abuse.
Risk Analysis of Gold Sale Price and Investment of Antam Shares Using Expected Shortfall in Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Sulistiowati Dwi , Syahrul Maya Sari , Rianjaya Ilham Dangu
Published: May 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic caused the price of gold produced by PT Aneka Tambang (Antam) to experience a high increase following the world gold price, while stock investment decreased. Measuring risk is significant in financial analysis; this is related to investment funds, which are quite large and narrow about public funds. This study analyzes the risk data on Antam gold price and Antam stock closing price with an estimated Shortfall (ES). The method used to measure the risk of investing in stocks is ES. ES is the expectation of a conditional loss that exceeds Value at Risk (VaR). To compute ES data showing deviations from normality and Cornish-Fisher expansion. The volatility measurement model used is the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and generalized ARCH (GARCH) model.This study found that the ES value of Antam gold price was smaller than Antam stock price.
Representation Learning with LDA Models for Entity Disambiguation in Specific Domains
Authors: Jiang Shengchen , Xian Yantuan , Wang Hongbin , Zhang Zhiju , Li Huaqin ,   Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology No.727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong New Area, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China,   Yunnan Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Kunming University of Science and Technology No.727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong New Area, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
Published: May 2021

Entity disambiguation is extremely important in knowledge construction. The word representation model ignores the influence of the ordering between words on the sentence or text information. Thus, we propose a domain entity disambiguation method that fuses the doc2vec and LDA topic models. In this study, the doc2vec document is used to indicate that the model obtains the vector form of the entity reference item and the candidate entity from the domain corpus and knowledge base, respectively. Moreover, the context similarity and category referential similarity calculations are performed based on the knowledge base of the upper and lower relation domains that are constructed. The LDA topic model and doc2vec model are used to obtain word expressions with different meanings of polysemic words. We use the k-means algorithm to cluster the word vectors under different topics to obtain the topic domain keywords of the text, and perform the similarity calculations under the domain keywords of the different topics. Finally, the similarities of the three feature types are merged and the candidate entity with the highest similarity degree is used as the final target entity. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the existing model, which proves its feasibility and effectiveness.
Open Reduction of a Fracture-Dislocation of the Shoulder in an 11-Month-Old Child
Authors: Young Joseph R. , Mantica Abigail L.
Published: May 2021

Case:

An 11-month-old boy was brought to the emergency department because he was refusing to use his right arm. X-rays demonstrated an anteroinferior Salter-Harris I fracture-dislocation of the proximal humeral epiphysis. Closed reduction with sedation was unsuccessful, so open reduction under general anesthesia was pursued. At 2 years, the patient has made a full recovery.

Conclusion:

Pediatric shoulder fracture-dislocations are rare. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for nonaccidental trauma when evaluating such injuries. When this injury is encountered in patients younger than 1 year, open reduction of the proximal humeral epiphysis can be a successful treatment option.
Laterally accreting sinuous channels and their deposits: The Goldilocks of deep-water slope systems
Authors: Arnott R.W.C. (Bill) , Tilston Mike , Fraino Patricia , Navarro Lillian , Dumouchel Gerry , Miklovich Nicole
Published: May 2021

Channels with a sinuous planform are common in both continental and deep-marine environments on Earth, and similarly in high-resolution images of the surface of Mars. Whereas common in rivers, continuous lateral channel migration and point-bar deposition appear to be much less common in the deep sea. In the bends of rivers, near-bed flow driving point bar growth results from a cross-flow superelevation of the water surface that sets up a lateral hydrostatic pressure gradient driving an inward-directed flow near the bed. However, in deep-marine systems the surface between the turbidity current and overlying ambient fluid sits well above the channel margins, and therefore precludes a similar lateral superelevation of the current top. Here it is argued that the cross-flow component is related to a density gradient that mimics the effect of the hydrostatic pressure gradient in rivers, and develops as coarse suspended particles that experience little uplift, and therefore negligible overspill, become concentrated along the outer bank. This condition develops best in a two-part suspension made up of a highly concentrated, unstratified basal plug of coarse sediment overlain sharply by a dilute cloud of much finer sediment—a density structure that differs from the more typical upward exponential decrease in density. The abundance of coarse and fine sand, but depletion in the intermediate grain size fraction, is related to transgressive shelf processes and its influence on sediment supplied to the system, and in turn, the flow structure of the current. It is under these seemingly uncommon granulometric conditions that continuous laterally migrating channels, and accordingly, riverine-like point-bar deposition, is most common in the deep sea.
Role of microbial mats and high sedimentation rates in the early burial and preservation of footprints in a siliciclastic tidal flat
Authors: Cuadrado Diana G. , Maisano Lucía , Quijada I. Emma
Published: May 2021

Sedimentary processes in a microbial flat, developed in a progradational environment and trampled by vertebrates, were monitored under varying energy conditions. A vertebrate footprint made on the sedimentary surface was selected and was kept under observation for two years visited on nine field trips. Thus, this contribution provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of a microbial tidal flat with high-sediment-flux events and contributes to a better understanding of the sedimentary processes involved in the preservation of a true track. This study demonstrates that the formation of biolaminites (sequence of microbial mats interbedded with sand layers) in the coastal environment is caused by episodic pulses in the hydrodynamic regime of the area. Through the detailed inspection of a cross section of a sedimentary block containing the vertebrate footprint, the sedimentation history since the footprint creation is unravelled in relation to hydrodynamic records. Water energy was inferred using the measurements of a water-level sensor located on the tidal flat recording continuously every 10 minutes. The results indicate that the seawater enters into the zone by floods that occur during storm surges, reaching up to 70 cm height in the water column, and transporting abundant sediment, which produces the deposition of flat sand layers or sand ripples on the microbial mats. A sedimentation rate of 0.32 to 0.41 cm per year was calculated along the two-years monitoring. The study recognizes the plastic behavior of the microbial mat, one of their most important rheological properties, as a response to the registration of a vertebrate footprint. Petrographic analysis of microbial-mat layers reveals the precipitation of thin carbonate laminae during periods of seawater evaporation, which may enhance the preservation of sediments. Episodic sediment transport, in addition to the presence of a microbial-mat, creates the perfect conditions for formation, early burial, and preservation of the footprint in siliciclastic sediments.
The Variation of Air Purification Benefit Provided by Street Tree Assemblages in Shenyang, China
Authors: Yao Jing , Liu Miao , Chen Nina , Chen Wei , Wang Xiaobo , He Xingyuan
Published: May 2021

Street tree assemblages are a widespread natural component in cities and provide a range of ecosystem services. The spatial distribution of street tree assemblages within cities, however, is not uniform. We assessed the air purification benefits provided by street trees in Shenyang, China, to examine how urban form, urban geography and drivers of vegetation management affect this ecosystem service. The i-Tree Street Model was utilized to evaluate air purification benefits provided by street trees. We analyzed the results using two indices, with values expressed in US dollars (USD, $): the per kilometer benefit (PKB) and average tree benefit (ATB). Neither index displayed a consistent trend across the human population density gradient or along the urban-suburban continuum. The district with the highest PKB and ATB is neither the oldest nor the newest one to develop, but rather the one that began to develop around 2002. We conclude that public policy is a main driver of vegetation management, especially for street trees, because street tree abundance is closely related to road construction, which, in turn, is closely tied to economic development in a region. We also discovered no significant difference in the benefit of street tree assemblages along the urban-suburban continuum. That's probably because all areas within the different beltways contain mature street trees, the time-lag effect for growth is inconsequential. We recommend that the dynamic variations of street tree assemblages over a certain time span be taken into consideration when examining the effects of urban sprawl on ecosystem services provided by street tree assemblages.
Overexpression of UBE2C in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues and Molecular Analysis
Authors: Li Rong , pang xingfeng , Huang Zhiguang , Yang Lihua , Peng Zhigang , Ma Jie , He Rongquan
Published: May 2021

Background: The treatment of esophageal cancer is mainly based on a combination of traditional surgery and radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Some new progress has been made in multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment and imaging diagnosis in recent years, but the 5-year survival rate for esophageal cancer is much lower than 30% due to its invasiveness and pronounced metastasis ability, as well as the difficulty in early diagnosis. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of UBE2C in ESCC.Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the UBE2C expression in ESCC by collecting the protein and mRNA expression data (including in house RNA- seq, in hosue IHC, TCGA-GTEx RNA-seq and tissue microarray) to calculate a combined SMD and sROC. K-M method was used for survival analysis. We also explored the mechanism of UBE2C in ESCC by combing the DEGs of ESCC, related-genes of UBE2C in ESCC and the putative miRNAs and lncRNAs which may regulate UBE2C.Results: UBE2C protein and mRNA were highly expressed in ESCC tissues. The pooled SMD of UBE2C expression values was 1.98 (95% CI: 1.51–2.45, P < 0.001), and the the AUC of the sROC was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95). The results of survival analysis suggested an association between high expression of UBE2C and a poor prognosis and a higher risk of recurrence. Pathways anaylsis showed that UBE2C mainly influenced the biological function of esophageal cancer by synergistic effects with CDK1, PTTG1 and SKP2. We also constructed a potential UBE2C-related ceRNA network for ESCC (HCP5/hsa-mir-139-5p/UBE2C).Conclusion: UBE2C mRNA and protein level were highly expressed in ESCC and a higher UBE2C expression generally predicts a lower survival rate and a higher risk of recurrence.
Surgical Treatment of Costal Cartilage Fractures with Titanium Plate Internal Fixation
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Yonghong , Yang Yi , Wu Weiming , Guo Xiang , zhao tiancheng
Published: May 2021

Background: This study aim to evaluate surgical procedures for titanium plate internal fixation of costal cartilage fractures with displacement or nonunion. Methods: From January 2019 to October 2020, 13 patients with costal cartilage fractures were treated with titanium plate internal fixation in the thoracic surgery department of the Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital. Pain severity scale scores and respiratory function were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively. All the patients had a 6-month follow-up for treatment evaluation. Results: The mean hospital length of stay was 10.7 days. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between preoperative and postoperative pain severity scores( 7.69 vs. 5.00). VC (24.6% vs. 44.5%) and FEV1 (25.3% vs. 44.0%) were also significantly different before operation and after operation (P<0.05). At follow-up, healing of the nonunion or fracture was confirmed in all the cases. Conclusion: The rigid titanium plate application ensured a safe and easy management of costal cartilage fractures and nonunion with a good prognosis as compared with other methods.
Enhanced Drought Tolerance and Yield in Cry1ac and APX Co-Transformed Transgenic Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: CH Vinona Deepthi , N Jalaja
Published: May 2021

In the present study, transgenic cry1Ac-APX plants were developed in popular rice variety, BPT 5204, employing Agrobacterium LBA4404 harbouring pcam-cry1Ac-APX vector. The transgenic plants generated were analysed based on herbicide (Basta) toleranceand molecular analyses. Seeds of T1 generation when germinated on MS medium containing 4 mg/l phosphinothricin (ppt) revealed 3 tolerant: 1 susceptible plants suggesting that the trangenes showed monogenic segregation. Homozygous lines were identified by 100% germination of T3 seed on PPT containing media. Abiotic stress assays of analysis cry1Ac-APX transgenic lines showed enhanced chlorophyll, proline and reducing sugars compared to untransformed control plants. The antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT showed significantly higher levels in transgenic lines than UC.RT- PCR analyses revelled increased expression levels of drought related genes OsDREB, OsMYB and bZIP under both stressed and without stress conditions. Further, the pcam-cry1Ac-APX lines exhibited enhanced biomass and yield than UC.
Surgical Treatment of Valve Endocarditis in High-Risk Patients: Predictors of Long Term Outcome
Authors: Nasso Giuseppe , Santarpino Giuseppe , Moscarelli Marco , Condello Ignazio , Dell'Aquila Angelo Maria , Peivandi Armin Darius , Gaudino Mario , Fiore Flavio , Mastroroberto Pasquale , Bari Nicola Di , Speziale Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

IntroductionInfective endocarditis represents a surgical challenge associated with perioperative mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictors of operative mortality and long-term outcomes in high-risk patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 123 patients operated on for infective endocarditis from January 2011 to December 2020. Logistic regression model was used to identify prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality. Long term follow-up was made to asses late prognosis.ResultsPreoperative renal failure, an elevation of all types of EuroSCORE (EuroSCORE I, II and logistic) and prior aortic valve re-replacement were found to be preoperative risk factors significantly associated with mortality. In-hospital mortality was 27% in patients who had previously undergone aortic valve replacement (n = 4 out of 15 operated, p = 0.01). Patients who were operated on during the active phase of infective endocarditis showed a higher mortality rate than those operated on after the acute phase (16% versus 0%; p = 0.02). The type of prosthesis used (biological or mechanical) was not associated with mortality, whereas cross-clamp time significantly correlated with mortality (mean cross-clamp time 135±65 min in dead patients versus 76±32 min in surviving patients; p = 0.0005). Mean follow up was 57.94±30.9 months. Twelve patients died (11.65%). Among the twelve mortalities, five were adjudicated to cardiac causes and seven were non-cardiac (two cancers, one traumatic accident, one cerebral hemorrhage, two bronchopneumonia, one peritonitis).Overall survival probability (freedom from death, all causes) at 3, 5, 7 and 8 years was 98.9% (95% CI: 97%-100%), 96% (95% CI: 92%-100%), 85.9% (95% CI: 76%-97%), and 74% (95% CI: 60%-91%) respectively.Conclusion Our study demonstrates that an early surgical approach may represent a valuable treatment option for high-risk patients with infective endocarditis, also in case of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Although several risk factors are associated with higher mortality, no patient subset is inoperable. These findings can be helpful to inform decision-making in heart team discussion.
Regulation of Uterine Function During Estrous Cycle, Anestrus Phase and Pregnancy By Steroids in Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus L.)
Authors: Kotlarczyk Angelika , Grzyb Martyna , Korzekwa Anna J.
Published: May 2021

Steroid synthesis and production in ruminant uterus is not obvious, especially in seasonally reproduced. We compared steroid production by investigating enzymes involved in red deer uterine steroid metabolism in reproductive seasons. Blood and uteri (endometrium and myometrium) were collected post mortem from hinds on 4th day (N = 8), 13th day of the cycle (N = 8), anestrus (N = 8) and pregnancy (N = 8). The expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450), 3 -beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17 -beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), aldo-keto reductase family 1 C1 (AKR1C1), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and progesterone receptors (PRs), were analyzed using real-time-PCR and Western Blotting. Plasma samples were assayed for 17-beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T4) concentrations by EIA. Hinds at the beginning of the estrous cycle, mainly in endometrium, were characterized by a high mRNA expression of 3β-HSD, AKR1C1, PRs and ERα, contrary to the expression in myometrium during pregnancy (P ˂ 0.05). For P4, E2, and FSH, concentration was the highest during the 13th day of the estrous cycle (P ˂ 0.05). Uterine steroid production and output in hinds as a representative seasonally reproduced ruminant occurred mainly during the estrous cycle and sustained in anestrus.