bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Metadata Types in Basic Cardiological Research
Authors: Kusch Harald , Kossen Robert , Suhr Markus , Freckmann Luca , Weber Linus , Henke Christian , Lehmann Christoph , Rheinländer Sophia , Aschenbrandt Georg , Kühlborn Lea K. , Marzec Bartlomiej , Menzel Julia , Schwappach Blanche , Zelarayán Laura C. , Cyganek Lukas , Antonios Gregory , Kohl Tobias , Lehnart Stephan E. , Zoremba Marcel , Sax Ulrich , Nussbeck Sara Y.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Ensuring scientific reproducibility and compliance with documentation guidelines of funding bodies and journals is a topic of greatly increasing importance in biomedical research. Failure to comply, or unawareness of documentation standards can have adverse effects on the translation of research into patient treatments, as well as economic implications. In the context of the German Research Foundation-funded collaborative research center (CRC) 1002, an IT-infrastructure sub-project was designed. Its goal has been to establish standardized metadata documentation and information exchange benefitting the participating research groups with minimal additional documentation efforts. Methods: Implementation of the self-developed menoci-based research data platform (RDP) was driven by close communication and collaboration with researchers as early adopters and experts. Requirements analysis and concept development involved in person observation of experimental procedures, interviews and collaboration with researchers and experts, as well as the investigation of available and applicable metadata standards and tools. The Drupal-based RDP features distinct modules for the different documented data and workflow types, and both the development and the types of collected metadata were continuously reviewed and evaluated with the early adopters. Results: The menoci-based RDP allows for standardized documentation, sharing and cross-referencing of different data types, workflows, and scientific publications. Different modules have been implemented for specific data types and workflows, allowing for the enrichment of entries with specific metadata and linking to further relevant entries in different modules. Discussion: Taking the workflows and datasets of the frequently involved experimental service projects as a starting point for (meta-)data types to overcome irreproducibility of research data, results in increased benefits for researchers with minimized efforts. While the menoci-based RDP with its data models and metadata schema was originally developed in a cardiological context, it has been implemented and extended to other consortia at GÃűttingen Campus and beyond in different life science research areas.
Calculating Key Figures for Radiology Departments Using a Clinical Data Warehouse – A Technical Case Report
Authors: Liman Leon , Fette Georg , Krebs Jonathan , Puppe Frank
Published: September 2021

Optimizing the utilization of radiology departments is one of the primary objectives for many hospitals. To support this, a solution has been developed, which at first transforms the export of different Radiological Information Systems (RIS) into the data format of a clinical data warehouse (CDW). Additional features, like for example the time between the creation of a radiologic request and the finalization of the diagnosis for the created images, can then be defined using a simple interface and are calculated and saved in the CDW as well. Finally, the query language of the CDW can be used to create custom reports with all the RIS data including the calculated features and export them into the standard formats Excel and CSV. The solution has been successfully tested with data from two German hospitals.
Design of an Interactive Web Application for Teaching Uncertainty Interpretations of Clinical Tests
Authors: Neher Sebastian , Kapsner Lorenz A. , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Toddenroth Dennis
Published: September 2021

Background: Assessing the uncertainty of diagnostic findings is essential for advising patients. Previous research has demonstrated the difficulty of computing the expected correctness of positive or negative results, although clinical decision support (CDS) tools promise to facilitate adequate interpretations. Objectives: To teach the potential utility of CDS tools to medical students, we designed an interactive software module that computes and visualizes relevant probabilities from typical inputs. Methods: We reviewed the literature on recommended graphical approaches and decided to support contingency tables, plain table formats, tree diagrams, and icon arrays. Results: We implemented these functions in a single-page web application, which was configured to complement our local learning management system where students also access interpretation tasks. Conclusion: Our technical choices promoted a rapid implementation. We intend to explore the utility of the tool during some upcoming courses. Future developments could also model a more complex clinical reality where the likelihood of alternative diagnoses is estimated from sets of clinical investigations.
The Security State of the German Health Web: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Henn Frederic , Zowalla Richard , Mayer Andreas
Published: September 2021

The internet has become an important resource for health information and for interactions with healthcare providers. However, information of all types can go through many servers and networks before reaching its intended destination and any of these has the potential to intercept or even manipulate the exchanged information if data’s transfer is not adequately protected. As trust is a fundamental concept in healthcare relationships, it is crucial to offer a secure medical website to maintain the same level of trust as provided in a face-to-face meeting. This study provides a first analysis of the SSL/TLS security of and the security headers used within the health-related web limited to web pages in German, the German health web (GHW). Methods: testssl.sh and TLS-Scanner were used to analyze the URLs of the 1,000 top-ranked health-related web sites (according to PageRank) for each of the country- code top level domains: “.de”, “.at” and “.ch”. Results: Our study revealed that most websites in the GHW are potentially vulnerable to common SSL/TLS security vulnerabilities, offer deprecated SSL/TLS protocol versions and mostly do not implement HTTP security headers at all. Conclusions: These findings question the concept of trust within the GHW. Website owners should reconsider the use of outdated SSL/TLS protocol versions for compatibility reasons. Additionally, HTTP security headers should be implemented more consequently to provide additional security aspects. In future work, the authors intend to repeat this study and to incorporate a website’s category, i.e. governmental or public health, to get a more detailed view of the GHW’s security.
Predicting the Effect of Variants of Unknown Significance in Molecular Tumor Boards with the VUS-Predict Pipeline
Authors: Schlotzig Vanessa , Kornrumpf Kevin , König Alexander , Tucholski Tim , Hügel Jonas , Overbeck Tobias R. , Beissbarth Tim , Koch Raphael , Dönitz Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Precision oncology utilizing molecular biomarkers for targeted therapies is one of the hopes to treat cancer. The availability of patient specific molecular profiling through next-generation sequencing, though, increases the amount of available data per patient to an extent that computational support is required to identify potential driver alterations for targeted therapies and rational decision-making in molecular tumor boards (MTBs). For some genetic variants evidence-based drug recommendations are available in public databases, but for the majority, the variants of unknown significance (VUS), this clinical information is missing. Additionally, for most of these variants no information about the functional impact on the protein is accessible. To acquire maximal functional evidence for VUS, the VUS-Predict pipeline collects estimations about the effect of a VUS by integrating multiple pre-existing tools. Pre-existing tools implement different approaches for their predictions, which are summarized by our newly developed tool with a common score and classification in neutral or deleterious variants. The primary tools are chosen based on their sensitivity and specificity on well-known variants of the transcription factor TP53. Resulting negative and positive predictive values are used to calibrate the VUS-Predict pipeline. Further, the pipeline is evaluated using data from public cancer databases and cases of the MTB in Göttingen, both also in comparison with the ensemble method REVEL. The results show that VUS-Predict has clear advantages in a clinical setting due to clear and traceable predictions. In particular, VUS outperforms REVEL in the real-life setting of a MTB. Likewise, an evaluation on variants of public cancer databases confirms the good results of VUS-Predict and shows the need for a reliable gold standard and unambiguous results of the tools under test.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF WOMEN BEFORE AND DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: Agaeva L.V. , Bashkatova A.A. , Sarchuk E.V.
Published: September 2021

The review discusses the impact of nutrients on women’s health before and during pregnancy and on the health of their babies. Considerable attention is paid to the short-term and long-term effects of malnutrition or overeating of pregnant women. The article also discusses the need for the use of vitamin-mineral complexes during pregnancy to replenish nutrient stores. The issue of the relationships between the diet and early pregnancy outcomes is considered. Based on the conducted thorough analysis, it is concluded that doctors should inform future mothers about the importance of a balanced diet and additional intake of microelements and vitamins. Although this topic has been extensively studied, it requires further research for working out optimal clinical recommendations regarding the nutritional behavior of pregnant women.
SPONTANEOUS SUBUNGUAL HEMORRHAGES IN A PATIENT WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pchelin I. Yu. , Hudiakova N.V.
Published: September 2021

Spontaneous (nontraumatic) subungual hemorrhages are not uncommon, however, given their low specificity, they usually do not become a reason for an in-depth investigation in the absence of other symptoms of diseases requiring diagnostics. However, it is generally accepted that the nail bed is one of the few areas of the human body available for life-time diagnostics of the state of microvessels and the process of microcirculation. In the presented clinical case, examination of a 38-year-old patient with spontaneous subungual hemorrhages on the toes revealed a number of metabolic disorders: hyperhomocysteinemia, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disturbances. Genetic tests showed the presence of several single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes of the folate cycle enzymes (MTHFR A1298C, MTRR A66G, MTR A2756G) in a heterozygous form. Based on the presented results of the patient's examination, the paper discusses the mechanisms and relevant clinical aspects of the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia, disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, and microangiopathy.
ASSESSMENT OF IgG AUTOANTIBODIES TO SINGLE-STRANDED DNA (ss-DNA) AND DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA (ds-DNA) IN PATIENTS WITH ACANTHOLYTIC PEMPHIGUS
Authors: Mavlyanova Sh. Z. , Mutavaliev M.S. , Ismogilov A.I. , Mullakhanov J.B. , Alimukhamedova Yu. A.
Published: September 2021

In recent years, evaluation of autoimmune mechanisms of bullous dermatoses has become relevant. In this connection, the aim of our study was to assess serum levels of IgG autoantibodies (AAB) to single stranded DNA (ss-DNA) and double stranded DNA (ds-DNA) in patients with true acantholytic pemphigus. The present study included 57 patients with acantholytic pemphigus and 18 healthy individuals (control group). Analysis of the results obtained showed that most patients with true pemphigus had an increased level of IgG autoantibodies to ds-DNA (59.6% of cases). At the same time, IgG autoantibodies to ss-DNA were detected in 15.8% of cases. Quantitative evaluation of the serum level of IgG autoantibodies to ds-DNA revealed an increase by 1.6 times in patients with pemphigus as compared to the control group (p<0.05). The data obtained have diagnostic and prognostic value for the clinical course of the disease. In our opinion, the serum level of IgG autoantibodies should be taken into account for choosing optimal treatment strategies.
ULTRASOUND FEATURES OF THE THYROID GLAND IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES DEPENDING ON THE KIDNEY FUNCTION
Authors: Sazonava A.G. , Mokhort T.V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is still no clear understanding of sonographic characteristics of the thyroid gland (TG) in patients with diabetes-related CKD. Aim. The aim of the study was to identify sonographic features of the TG in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and CKD. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study included 173 patients with T1D, divided into subgroups based on renal function, and 39 healthy controls. Clinical assessment included evaluation of serum levels of creatinine, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), antithyroid antibodies, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with subsequent stratification by stages of CKD, as well as ultrasound examination of the TG using a standard technique. Results. Patients with T1D without CKD had the lowest median of the TG left lobe volume (p=0.009) compared to the control group; meanwhile, there were no differences with other subgroups of patients. Patients with T1D who had underwent kidney transplantation had the highest prevalence of thyroid nodules (42.9%) (χ2=5.0, p=0.025 compared to individuals with T1D without CKD). There were no differences in the frequency of ultrasound signs of thyroiditis in T1D patients with different CKD stages, as compared to the control group (χ2=3.8, p=0.274). Conclusion. The present study has obtained new data on sonographic features of the TG in patients with T1D complicated by CKD.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF METABOLIC DISORDERS IN MALES AND FEMALES WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Shaabani S.A. , Pchelin I. Yu.
Published: September 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Growing evidence supports the concept of NAFLD as a multisystem disease associated with metabolic syndrome. Sex differences do exist in the incidence of NAFLD among the population as much as in the prevalence of certain metabolic disorders in patients with liver steatosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of NAFLD, including the role of sex hormones in the development of hepatic steatosis. We discuss the main metabolic disorders in patients with NAFLD and the potential mechanisms of their interaction with the hormonal state. The impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on NAFLD progression is also considered. The results of the conducted analysis of literature data confirms the relevance of developing sex-specific guidelines for identifying metabolic disorders in patients with NAFLD and recommendations for personalized treatment.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE SKIN MICROBIOME OF PATIENTS WITH ALLERGODERMATOSES
Authors: Mullakhanov J.B.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Recently, special attention has been paid to opportunistic microorganisms that inhabit biosubstrates - the skin and mucous membranes of the human body.
Patients and Methods. To assess the microbiome of the skin in patients with allergic dermatoses, we carried out microbiological studies of the skin in 456 patients aged from 3 to 67 years. Microbiological studies included bacterioscopic and cultural examination of skin flakes from lesions in patients with allergic dermatoses.
Results. Our clinical and microbiological studies of 456 patients with allergic dermatoses showed that Staphylococcus spp. was detected on the skin lesions of 429 patients (94.08%), including those with atopic dermatitis - 230 (53.61%), urticaria - 47 (10.96%), toxicoderma - 48 (11.19%) and erythema multiforme - 22 (5.13%). The most common species of microorganisms observed in patients with allergic dermatoses included S. aureus in 46.6% (200) and S. epidermidis in 29.1% (125) cases, followed by S. haemolyticus in 14.2% (61), S. saprophyticus in 5.6% (24), Enterobacter in 3.9% (17) and S. pyogenes in 0.5% (2) patients. In 34.8% of cases, we found microbial contamination with pathogenic forms of Staphylococcus spp., which determined the development of a mixed-bacterial form of an invasive process in the skin lesions of patients with allergic dermatoses.
Conclusion. The data obtained are of great importance with regard to the clinical course of allergic dermatoses and will contribute to the development of new methods of pathogenetic therapy.
CORONAVIRUS VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: FROM SARS AND MERS TO COVID-19 (RUSSIAN TRANSLATION)
Authors: Li Y.-D. , Chi W.-Y. , Su J.-H. , Ferrall L. , Hung C.-F. , Wu T.-C.
Published: September 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of coronavirus that causes the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been the most challenging pandemic in this century. Considering its high mortality and rapid spread, an effective vaccine is urgently needed to control this pandemic. As a result, the academia, industry, and government sectors are working tightly together to develop and test a variety of vaccines at an unprecedented pace. In this review, we outline the essential coronavirus biological characteristics that are important for vaccine design. In addition, we summarize key takeaways from previous vaccination studies of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), highlighting the pros and cons of each immunization strategy. Finally, based on these prior vaccination experiences, we discuss recent progress and potential challenges of COVID-19 vaccine development.
A NEW STEP-BY-STEP METHOD FOR ALLERGIC DERMATOSIS THERAPY
Authors: Mullakhanov J.B. , Mavlyanova Sh. Z. , Ismagilov A.I.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. At the present stage, the search for new opportunities in the treatment of skin diseases is an urgent and demanded problem in practical medicine.
Patients and methods. We examined 96 patients (men - 51 and women - 45) with allergic skin diseases, including 39 patients with atopic dermatitis (males - 20, females - 19) and 56 - with allergic dermatoses (men - 31 and women - 25). The patients' age ranged from 8 to 64 years. Among 96 patients, the main group consisted of 51 individuals (group I) (atopic dermatitis - 21, allergic dermatoses - 30) who received external therapy based on an innovative step-by-step method. Group II consisted of 45 patients (atopic dermatitis - 19, allergic dermatoses - 26) who received therapy according to the "Standards for Diagnosis and Treatment in Dermatovenereology and Medical Cosmetology" of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2019. The control group consisted of 36 healthy individuals.
Results. The study showed that in the main group of patients, who received external therapy using a step-by-step innovative system (tonic "Fatiderm+", mud mask "Fatiderm+", moisturizing cream "Disderm"), the dynamics of resolution of the skin pathological process was significantly different from the control group, and the SCORAD index decreased 2.1 fold compared with the state before treatment (p<0.05). The use of the new external therapy contributed to a significant 43.5 fold decrease in the S. aureus colonization rate, as compared to the rate before treatment (p<0.05).
Conclusion. Clinical and microbiological studies showed that the new innovative step-by-step external therapy has anti-inflammatory, regenerating, moisturizing, and bacteriostatic properties, and it can be recommended for widespread use as an external anti-inflammatory and moisturizing therapy in patients with allergic skin diseases.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE MEDICAL INFORMATION NEEDS FOR PATIENTS IN DENTISTRY
Authors: Polova E.A. , Antonova E.A. , Semeleva E.I.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Communication skills became increasingly important for modern physicians to be able to provide all necessary information for the patients. Depending on the case, patients can request the data in a broad variety of formats.
Patients and methods. We conducted a study based on self-reports of 1677 patients of private and district dental care clinics who were asked to answer 14 questions. The method of machine allocation of responses by means of the LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) algorithm was used to evaluate results.
Results. In this study, we specified 4 main groups of essential information for the patients during the dental appointment and 5 possible reasons for the lack of this information.
Conclusion. The obtained results can be useful for doctors to establish a professional partnership with patients in order to enhance their confidence in the treatment plan.
The physiological reaction in the local breed and introduced silkworm breeds on the difference in conditions of detention of the wintering eggs
Authors: Bagirova Gyul'nar , Kulieva Hokuma
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The purpose of this study is the ascertainment of to the physiological responses to exogenous exposure to aqueous solutions of the drug “Violet-K” (C24H28N3Cl) in the phase of wintering eggs of the local and introduced silkworm species. Methods. The research was carried out according to the methodology developed by us for the content, selection and processing of material [9], [10]. Statistical analysis was performed according to G. F. Lakin [11]. Results. It was found that in the absence of sharp fluctuations of the temperature and air humidity, the effect of exposure to water and 0.01% and 0.001 % aqueous solutions of the “Violet-K” preparation on hibernating eggs causes a response of caterpillars at younger ages during molting, by the fifth age this effect diminishes. A strong response to the impact in terms of weight of caterpillars was revealed for the introduced silkworm species: against the background of minor fluctuations in the “Oragase” variant for caterpillars “Sverico-sari” the difference with the control by age is 16,4 % (III), 143,3 % (IV) and 27,3 % (V). The introduced species “Oragase” often differs from the “Sverico-sari” and the local breed “Veten” by the presence of negative responses: the weight of caterpillars after exposure compared to the control corresponds to + 43.7 % (III), + 65.0 % (IV), –36.2 % (V). It was found that the content of wintering grains in water and aqueous solutions of the “Violet-K” preparation leads to the weight increase of the silk shell: by 54.4–80.5 % (p < 0.05 and 0.001) in the local species, as well as by 11.4–16.1 % (0.001 %) and 2.7 % (0.01 % solution “Violet K”) p < 0.05 and 0.001. The species “Oragase” differs in this effect compared with the control, particularly, in the comparison with control, the impact promotes to a significant decrease in the weight of the silk shell by 33 % (–78.5 mg) and 22.5 % (–49.0 mg), p < 0.001. The impact is reflected in the date of departure of butterflies and the number of laid eggs, and only in introduced species: the positive effect compared to the control, on average on 1 female was 3.6–4.8 times higher (“Sverico-sari”) and 1.1 times (“Oragase”).
State regulation of rural development in the context of the implementation of regional development programs
Authors: Zagurskiy A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The goal. The research is aimed at studying the role of rural areas from the perspective of the implementation of regional development programs in the process of state regulation. Methods. In the course of the study, methods of observation, abstraction, analysis and synthesis were used. The conceptual foundations of state regulation of rural development through the implementation of state programs in the period of a sustainable process of urbanization, in the conditions of a post-industrial (information) society are described. Results and practical significance. In the study presented by the author, from the position of state regulation carried out by implementing the relevant tasks of state development programs, a scientific assessment of the modern role of rural territories in the socio-economic and spatial development of Russia is given. The author's position on the issue of the conceptual foundations of the processes of rural development in relation to the current development programs is given. The importance of infrastructural support of connections between rural territories and agglomerations to reduce the «economic distance» between them is reflected. The scientific novelty of the study. The results of the study of the role of rural territories from the perspective of state regulation processes are presented. An updated idea of the position of rural territories at the present stage of socio-economic and spatial development of the regions of Russia is given.
BENTUK ANIMASI 3 DIMENSI DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMROSESAN INFORMASI
Authors: Darmawan Dani
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan suatu terobosan dalam mendukung siswa sd,SMP, DAN SMA di wilayah Garut Selatan dalam melakukan pemrosesan informasi pembelajaran baik untuk kelompok eksak maupun sosial. Penelitian mencoba untuk menjawab fokus masalah tentang seberapa besar kecepatan pemrosesan informasi pembelajaran yang dilakukan siswa berdasarkan atas unsur bentukan animasi 3dimensi pada kelompok mata pelajaran eksak maupun sosial (IPS). Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa jenjang SD, SMP, dan SMA. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode riset dan pengembangan yang di dalamnya dilakukan eksperimen mengingat penelitian ini adalah penelitian tahun kedua dimana model pembelajaran CAI dan bentukan animasi 3dimensi telah dirancang sebelumnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada jenjang sekolah SD, SMP, dan SMA yang berada di wilayah Garut selatan dengan penenutan sampel melalui stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan pemrosesan informasi pembelajaran baik kelompok eksakta maupun sosial (IPS) yang dilakukan siswa SMP ternyata lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan siswa SD maupun SMA, melalui model pembelajaran Computer Assisted Instruction yang bermuatan bentukan animasi 3dimensi.
EFEK GOOGLE DAN PENGUASAAN SISWA TENTANG KETERAMPILAN BELAJAR ABAD 21
Authors: Pustekkom Purwanto
Published: September 2021

Pustekkom adalah lembaga yang telah berperan sebagai agen untuk mempromosikan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk pendidikan, terutama bagi sekolah, guru, dan siswa. Karena perannya, Pustekkom sering dikunjungi siswa yang belajar menggunakan TIK. Banyaknya siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan ICT tersebut menarik perhatian penulis. Demikian pula fenomena yang disebut â€œefek googleâ€ yang telah diteliti oleh Betsy Sparrow dari Columbia University yang terjadi di Amerika Serikat menarik perhatian penulis untuk menyelidiki apakah efek â€œGoogleâ€ telah terjadi pada siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi apakah â€œefek googleâ€ telah terjadi dan mempengaruhi perilaku belajar siswa. Data dan informasi dikumpulkan dengan mewawancarai 60 siswa yang mengunjungi Pustekkom dari Januari sampai Juli 2012. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efek google telah terjadi di kalangan siswa (86 persen). Sementara itu, siswa memiliki ponsel dan memanfaatkan internet atau google sebagai sumber belajar, dan wikipedia sebagai andalan untuk mendapatkan penjelasan tentang sesuatu, seperti definisi dan istilah (100 persen). Perubahan cara dan gaya belajar terjadi pada siswa dan mereka memiliki kecenderungan lebih memilih untuk belajar pemecahan masalah daripada belajar hafalan. Umumnya, mereka (55 persen) menemukan kesulitan untuk menghafal. Siswa yang tahu keterampilan belajar abad ke-21 ada 20% dan 13% dari mereka siap untuk mengambil keuntungan dari komputasi awan.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR HIMPUNAN MELALUI PENGGUNAAN PORTAL RUMAH BELAJAR
Authors: Martiningsih Martiningsih
Published: September 2021

diterima: 05 Januari 2013; dikembalikan untuk revisi: 19 Januari 2013; disetujui: 6 Februari 2013.Abstrak: Matematika dianggap sulit, dan saat pembelajaran Matematika siswa cenderung kurang termotivasi untuk belajar, maka guru harus mengupayakan kemudahan dalam belajar dengan mempergunakan media yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar Matematika materi irisan dan gabungan dua himpunan dengan menerapkan Portal Rumah Belajar pada Kelas VII A SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya tahun ajaran 2012 - 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dua siklus dan tiap siklus terdiri dari 4 langlah yaitu : (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi.Hasil penelitian Penggunaan Portal Rumah Belajar pada siswa Kelas VII A SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surabaya, terbukti meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa, sebelum tindakan siswa yang tuntas belajar sebanyak 22 siswa atau 73,3 %, pada Siklus I siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 23 siswa atau 76,7 %. sedangkan pada Siklus II siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 28 siswa atau 93,3 %. Dengan demikian kualitas pembelajaran dari sebelum tindakan sampai dengan Siklus II terjadi peningkatan. Saran dalam PTK ini adalah: Guru harus memotivasi siswa untuk belajar secara inovatif mempergunakan media pembelajaran. Guru hendaknya memiliki paradigma bahwa guru bukan satu-satunya sumber belajar. Pembelajaran Matematika hendaknya disampaikan dengan menggunakan media yang mampu menyenangkan siswa dan mampu membuat siswa aktif. Kata Kunci: Himpunan, Portal Rumah BelajarAbstract: Math is considered difficult and students have less motivation in learning math. That is why teacher must provide approprite learning medium to ease the students to learn math. The aim of this study was to increase studentsâ€™ mathematic learning achievement on intersection set and union set by applying the Portal Rumah Belajar for Seventh Grade A of Muhammadiyah 1 Junior High School Surabaya year 2012 - 2013. The design of the study was Classroom Action Research. In this study two cycles were conducted, and each of which consisted of 4 steps, namely: (1) plan, (2) act, (3) observe, and (4) reflect. The use of Portal Rumah Belajar could increase the achievement of seventh grade students of Muhammadiyah 1 Junior High School Surabaya. The number of student passing the competency in the pre-action was 22 students or 73.3%, in the cycle was 23 students or 76.7%, and in the cycle II were 28 students or 93.3%. Thus the quality of learning increased between pre-action and the second cycle. Recommendation from this classroom action research was: teacher should motivate students to learn innovatively by using instructional media. Teachers should have a paradigm that teacher was not the only source of learning. Learning math should be submitted using the media to please students and be able to keep students active. Keywords: Set, Portal Rumah Belajar
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Herwina Bahar Herwina Bahar
Published: September 2021

diterima: 02 Mei 2013; dikembalikan untuk direvisi: 12 Mei 2013; disetujui: 18 Mei 2013Abstrak: Model pembelajaran menjadi sesuatu yang wajib dilakukan oleh guru, bahkan harus mencari paradigma baru yang bisa membelajarkan peserta didik. Untuk itu, upaya apa saja yang harus dilakukan oleh guru dalam mengembangkan model pembelajaran untuk membentuk pendidikan karakter, perlu dibahas secara mendalam. Tujuan dari penulisan ini mengkaji pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran yang berkembang dan mencari suatu model pembelajaran alternative dan strategis dalam membentuk karakter siswa. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang bisa memberdayakan peserta didik adalah model pembelajaran terpadu. Sebagai suatu aplikasi dari strategi pembelajaran berdasarkan kurikulum terpadu yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan atau membuat proses pembelajaran secara relevan dan bermakna bagi siswa. Pembelajaran ini melibatkan siswa mulai dari merencanakan, mengeksplorasi, dan brain storming dari siswa, sehingga mereka didorong untuk berani bekerja secara kelompok dan belajar dari hasil pengalamannya sendiri. Pendidikan karakter bisa terlaksana atau terinternalisasi dalam proses pembelajaran melalui pengajaran yang memberikan pengetahuan dan informasi sebanyak-banyaknya kepada siswa sesuai dengan pedoman dan petunjuk yang ditetapkan. Guru mendidik dengan memberi tuntunan, petunjuk dan keteladanan yang dapat diterapkan siswa dalam sikap dan prilaku yang baik (akhlakul karimah). Melalui penerapan pendekatan modeling atau uswatun hasanah dengan menegakkan nilai-nilai akhlak, maka pendidikan karakter (characterbased education) dapat terwujud dengan baik.Kata kunci: Pembelajaran terpadu dan pendidikan karakterAbstract: Learning model is one of important considerations to take into account by teachers in order to build new paradigm for students. Therefore, any teachersâ€™ efforts related to learning model in building chacarters, need to be discussed deeper. This study was aimed to analyze learning process that has been implementing and to find alternative and strategic learning models in order to build studentsâ€™ characters. One of learning models that can be applied is integrated learning model. As part of integrated curriculum, this model creates a relevant and meaningful learning model for students. The process involves students in planning, exploring and brain storming to study in a group-work based on their own experiences. Character education is taught through knowledge and information based on standard guidance.In this model, teacher acts as an educator, role model, a good leader so that the students will have good attitude and behaviour (akhlakul karimah). By applying this role model approach (uswatun hasanah), character-based educationwill be well achieved.Keywords: Integrated learning and character education
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI GURU DALAM MENUMBUHKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ninuk Purnaningsih, Amiruddin Saleh Ernita Arif, Aida Vitayala S Hubeis Basita Ginting Sugihen
Published: September 2021

Abstrak:Kegagalan proses pembelajaran tidak selamanya karena faktor kemampuan siswa, melainkan ada faktor lain yang lebih menentukan yaitu aspek komunikasi. Iklim komunikasi akan mempengaruhi minat siswa dalam mengikutin kegiatan pembelajaran. Untuk itu guru harus mampu menggunakan komunikasi yang baik agar dapat memotivasi siswa untuk belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat strategi komunikasi guru dalam memotivasi siswa untuk belajar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari siswa, guru dan kepala sekolah. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan dan wawancara mendalam. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru menggunakan strategi komunikasi verbal dan nonverbal dalam menumbuhkan motivasi belajar siswa. Strategi verbal meliputi penggunaan kata-kata yang positif dan kata-kata yang memotivasi, sedangkan strategi nonverbal dengan menjalin kedekatan dengan siswa dan memperhatikan gerakan tubuh. Oleh karena itu guru disarankan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi secara verbal dan nonverbal melalui pelatihan-pelatihan terutama pelatihan-pelatihan komunikasi.Kata kunci: guru, strategi komunikasi, verbal dan nonverbal, motivasi belajar.Â Abstract:Studentsâ€™ ability is not always the factor in the failure of the learning process, but there is other factor which is communication. The aspect of communication will affect the studentsâ€™ interest in the learning activities. Consequently, teachers must be able to use good communication in order to motivate students to learn. This study aims to look at the communication strategies of teachers in motivating students to learn. The method used is a qualitative method. The subjects of the study were students, teachers and principals. The data were collected and obtained through observation and in-depth interviews. The data was analyzed by using qualitative descriptive. The result of the study indicates that the teachers use verbal and nonverbal communication strategies in fostering student motivation. Verbal strategies include the use of the positive and motivating words, whereas non-verbal strategies implemented by establishing close proximity with students and observing their movement of the body. It is therefore recommended that teachers have communication training to improve the ability to communicate verbally and nonverbally.Keywords: teacher, communication strategy, verbal and nonverbal, motivation to learn.
EKSISTENSI RADIO EDUKASI DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Innayah Innayah
Published: September 2021

Abstrak:Tujuan kajian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi: 1) perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) pada dua puluh tahun terakhir di Indonesia; dan 2) pengaruh perkembangan TIK terhadap eksistensi dan operasional siaran radio edukasi. Dalam kajian ini menggunakan motode deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: a) perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi telah berhasil mengubah lingkungan penyiaran radio di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia; 2) model siaran radio yang interaktif semakin populer yaitu siaran radio yang menggunakan teknologi internet, sekaligus menggantikan model siaran analog dan siaran satu arah. Radio Edukasi yang dikelola oleh Balai Pengembangan Media Radio Pendidikan (BPMRP) Yogyakarta telah berpengalaman dalam memberikan siaran edukasi dalam format analog dan telah melakukan inovasi dengan membuka streaming pada www.radioedukasi.com.Kata kunci: radio edukasi, Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi, radio, analog, dan digitalÂ Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to determine: 1) the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) in Indonesia in the last 20 years; and 2) the effect of ICT development to the existency and operational hours of educational radio (radio edukasi). This paper uses descriptive method. The results of the study show: a) The development of information and communications technology has changed the environment of radio broadcasting in the world, including Indonesia; b) The use of internet and interactive model of broadcasting have become more popular in which it has replaced analog and one way model. Radio Edukasi operated by BPMRP Yogyakarta has had many experiences in analog format, and now has done an innovation to provide a streaming service through www.radioedukasi.comKey words: educational radio, information and communication technology, radio, analog, and digital..
The Possibility of Peace between Hamas and Israel
Authors: Warikat Faisal
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the possibility of establishing peace between Hamas and Israel, based on the politicisation model of armed groups that leads eventually to change the violent character of armed groups. The main question is: Can Israel and Hamas have a long-lasting peace to end the conflict in the Gaza Strip?The main pillars of politicisation are the willingness of warring parties to conclude peace, the existence of a ‘hurting stalemate’, the narrowness of objectives and the ability to guarantee public support. The primary conclusion of this paper is that comprehensive peace is difficult to achieve, but a unique long-term truce ‘Hudna’ is attainable.
Prevalence of low bone mineral density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected patients and its correlation with other determinants
Authors: Mahajan Swati , Raina Rajiv , Jhobta Anupam
Published: September 2021

Background: The patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are potentially at risk of low bone mineral density (BMD). The present study was done to find out the prevalence of low BMD in HIV-infected patients and its correlation with other factors such as gender, body mass index (BMI), CD4 count, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center for 1 year period. A total of 127 HIV-infected patients were evaluated for BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans at two sites lumbosacral spine and bilateral neck femur. Correlation with other factors was also studied. Results: The diagnosis of low BMD was established in 105 (82.67%) patients. Osteoporosis (44.1%) was more common than osteopenia (38.6%) at the lumbosacral spine. The mean T score of the DEXA lumbar spine and bilateral neck femur was observed to be ?2.113 and ?1.379, respectively. Males (88.73%) had low BMD than females (75%). Approximately 94.5% of subjects having BMI <18 had low BMD in contrast to 80.8% among subjects having BMI >18. After treatment, 47 patients had CD4 count <400 and 80 > 400. Forty-three patients out of 47 (91.5%) had low BMD and 62 out of 80 (77.5%) had low BMD. Conclusion: Low BMD is prevalent in HIV-infected subjects. Low BMI, persistently low CD4 count, tenofovir containing HAART regimen showed a positive correlation with low BMD. Hence, HIV infection should be considered as a risk factor for bone disease.
Hu Paper (Chinese Talisman) as A Medium Healing
Authors: Hartati Celerina Dewi
Published: September 2021

Amulet paper in Chinese culture is known as hu / fu 符paper.  It can serve as a means of healing. This amulet paper can mean healing because it is changed from something ordinary or profane to sacred through a ceremony performed by a spirit medium (tangsin). When God enters the body of the spirit medium through trance, the spirit medium performs a ritual such as slash the tongue. With the spirit medium's blood, he wrote this amulet paper. The paper then has a sacred function as medicine. This research is an ethnographic study with a case study at Hok Lay Kiong Bekasi temple during the Capgomeh ceremony and the God's birthday ceremony. The hu paper has so far been better known as a means of obtaining good fortune and luck. Through this paper, we can see Hian Thian Siang Tee’s amulet paper at Hok Lay Kiong Temple as a medium healing in Chinese society and see the changing function from something profane to sacred thing.
The Mechanism of Language Death: A Reflection of Malay Language in Tanjung Balai
Authors: Natsir Muhammad , Lubis Fauziah Khairani
Published: September 2021

This study deals with the phenomenon while language can be lost slowly if it can't be defended. This happens along with the rapid development of the era towards modernization which is feared that in the future, the Tanjung Balai Malay language, which is owned and proudly has been threatened with extinction over time, but what needs to be realized is that it does not mean to displace the position of Indonesian which has been agreed as the national language. This research took place in Tanjung Balai when in Tanjung Balai Malay language is used as the habitual language.  This study was conducted using descriptive with qualitative method purposed to find out the words as dysfunction verb in Tanjung Balai Language. Qualitative research was related to assisting in describing the common elements of the various forms of qualitative methods. Thirty dysfunctional Malay verbs were collected and analyzed as the data findings.
Multilingualism in Indonesian Literature: A Literary Review from the Perspective of Anthropolinguistics
Authors: Mu'in Fatchul , Noortyani Rusma , Sibarani Robert
Published: September 2021

There is an interesting problem to raise, namely the use of unique language symptoms in Indonesian literary works. The uniqueness of language use in Indonesian literary works can be seen from two or more languages in Indonesian literary works. The use of two or more languages is called multilingualism in Indonesian literature. Multilingualism in Indonesian literary works is seen as "the overlapping use of language in Indonesian literature." Using more than one language can interfere with reading fluency for readers who do not come from the same culture. However, if we face literary works with multilingualism phenomena, we must respond and understand them. Duranti (1997: 21) explains that Anthropolinguistics emphasizes language as an expression of people's mindset. Anthropolinguistics views language as a set of cultural applications.
Model Manajemen Kegiatan Siswa dalam Menanggulangi Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Samanhudi Samanhudi
Published: September 2021

Adolescence is a transition from childhood to adulthood. At this time, youth have a great desire to find the most suitable lifestyle and gain recognition from family and the environment. In these searches, sometimes teenagers are caught up in deviant behaviours that lead to delinquency, among the factors that cause juvenile delinquency in vocational schools in the absence of positive activities that can channel adolescents' talents, interests, and creativity so that they express their desires with activities that violate norms, both legal, social, and religious norms. This study tries to describe and analyze the management of student activities in tackling juvenile delinquency with a library research approach from various sources. This study found that juvenile delinquency is caused by various factors, including internal factors, family, community environment, and school environment. From these factors, psychiatric factors play an essential role concerning juvenile delinquency in vocational school students. At the same time, the model of youth activities that can be done is teaching and learning activities, activities commemorating Islamic holidays, activities of Ramadan huts or flash boarding schools, flag ceremony activities, congregational prayers and worship, extra-curricular activities, and report card sharing activities.

Abstrak

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dari masa anak-anak menuju masa dewasa. Pada masa ini, remaja memiliki keinginan yang besar untuk menemukan pola hidup yang paling sesuai dengan dirinya dan mendapat pengakuan dari keluarga serta lingkungan. Dalam pencarian tersebut terkadang remaja terjebak pada perbuatan perilaku menyimpang yang mengarah pada kenakalan. Di antara faktor penyebab kenakalan remaja di SMK adalah tidak adanya kegiatan positif yang dapat menyalurkan bakat, minat dan kreativitas remaja, sehingga mereka mengekspresikan keinginannya dengan kegiatan-kegiatan yang melanggar norma, baik norma hukum, sosial, maupun norma agama. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis secara mendalam manajemen kegiatan siswa dalam menanggulangi kenakalan remaja dengan pendekatan penelitian Pustaka dari berbagai sumber. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan adanya kenakalan remaja disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, di antaranya: faktor intern, keluarga, lingkungan masyarakat, dan lingkungan sekolah. Dari faktor-faktor tersebut, faktor kejiwaan memegang peranan penting dalam kaitannya dengan kenakalan remaja pada siswa SMK. Sedangkan model kegiatan remaja yang bisa dilakukan yaitu: kegiatan belajar mengajar, kegiatan peringatan hari-hari besar Islam, kegiatan pondok Ramadhan atau pesantren kilat, kegiatan upacara bendera, shalat berjamaah dan beribadah, kegiatan ekstra kurikuler, dan kegiatan pembagian rapor.