bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P-264 EXPLORING PROFESSIONAL QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG NURSES: A STUDY IN TUNISIAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS
Authors: Sellami Imen , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Chaari Abdelaziz , Triki Mohamed , Jerbi Samira , Rmadi Nehla , Haddar Aicha , Ghrab Mohamed Anis , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hajjaji Mounira
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The professional quality of life experienced by nurses plays a vital role in their well-being and the care they provide. This study aims to explore professional quality of life among nurses.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study from March to May 2023 among 128 nurses from the University Hospitals of Sfax. We used an anonymous self-questionnaire, the Professional Quality of life, for data collection.

Results

The average age of the nurses was 41 years, with 53.9% being male. Only 2.3% of the nurses considered their working conditions to be good. A majority reported working under high levels of stress, accounting for 57% of the cases. High levels of compassion satisfaction were positively correlated with a fixed work schedule, good health status, and perceiving high levels of stress and negatively with age and professional experience. Additionally, all nurses had a moderate level of burnout. A low level of secondary traumatic stress was correlated with professional experience of less than 20 years, good health status, perceiving moderate to high levels of stress at work, and moderate job satisfaction.

Discussion

There are complex connections between nurses’ professional quality of life and various influencing factors. Concerns arise from poor perceptions of working conditions and high stress levels. Positive links between compassion satisfaction and specific factors suggest ways to enhance well-being.

Conclusion

The study uncovers insights into the professional quality of life of nurses. Factors such as working conditions, stress, and satisfaction are highlighted, suggesting strategies to enhance well-being by addressing stressors and promoting compassion satisfaction.
P-266 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHIKUNGUNYA INFECTION AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Authors: De Araújo Tânia Maria , Helioterio Margarete Costa , de Pinho Paloma Sousa , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Objective

To analyze the association between previous Chikungunya infection and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers.

Methods

A cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of healthcare workers in primary and medium-complexity care settings in a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The rapid test DPP-ZDC-IgM/IgG was used to identify recent (IgM) or previous (IgG) Chikungunya virus infection. The Patient Health Questionnaire-PHQ-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms. Poisson regression with robust variance was employed to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results

A total of 392 workers participated, with 83.2% being female. The frequency of Chikungunya virus infection was 8.9%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22.7%. In the adjusted analysis, Chikungunya infection was positively associated with depressive symptoms (PR=2.00; 95% CI: 1.29; 3.07). Stratified analyses indicated a stronger association among males (PR=7.57; 95% CI: 1.15; 50.06) compared to females (PR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.03; 2.74).

Discussion

The findings support the hypothesis of a positive association between Chikungunya and depressive symptoms. Physiopathological mechanisms resulting from viral action, as well as emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial factors associated with the disease, may explain the findings.

Conclusion

The importance of providing mental health care to healthcare workers is reiterated.
P-267 SCALABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF COVID-19 REINFECTION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN THE MONASTIR REGION
Authors: Hayouni Marouan , Yahia Mounira Ben , Fekih Yosra , Machghoul Samia , Merchaoui Irtyah , Amri Charfeddine , Chaari Neila , Akrout Mohamed , Henchi Adnene , Rassas Ines
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Characterizing COVID-19 reinfection is a difficult process, especially among healthcare workers due to their continuous occupational exposure. Thus, we aimed to study the prevalence and evolutionary aspects of COVID-19 reinfection among healthcare workers in the Monastir region.

Methods

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of healthcare workers in the Monastir region who contracted at least two episodes of COVID-19 infection during the period between March 2020 and June 2022. Data collection was carried out using a multidimensional information form.

Results

Among the 1646 healthcare worker who contracted covid, 56 had the infection twice, with a prevalence of 3.4%. The majority were paramedical staff (65.1%), 81.4% of whom worked in the COVID-19 departments. The median time between the two infectious episodes was 6 months, with extremes ranging from 2 to 15 months. During the second infectious episode, which lasted significantly less than 10 days (p<0.001), there was a significant reduction in the frequency of febrile states (p=0.002), respiratory signs (p<0.001) and ENT signs (p=0.006). A significantly lower frequency of antibiotic use (p=0.003) and oxygen therapy (p=0.031) was observed during the second infection episode.

Discussion

Reinfection was associated with more rapid but less severe infectiousness, likely due to the presence of immune memory. It depends on age, occupation, immune response, and immune status. However, the Omicron variant represented a risk factor for reinfection, given its aggressive and rapid spread, albeit with benign clinical forms.

Conclusion

Understanding the factors associated with reinfection can help to reinforce preventive measures and guide work organization strategies.
P-272 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SARS COV2 VACCINATION IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS: PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Menif Khadija El , Hsinet Jihen , Abdelmalek Rim , Khouja Nihel , Harrabi Hejer , Ismail Saloua , Baraketi Emna , Bechrifa Emna , Benzarti Aida , Kilani Badreddine
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was developed within a very short period of time, which created a climate of doubt about adverse effects.

Aim

Describe the adverse effects reported in the short and medium term according to the different vaccines received.

Methods

a descriptive, prospective study that included Healthcare workers of La Rabta Hospital. A printed form was given to the participants between May and September 2021. Follow up data was collected between December and January 2023.

Results

We collected the data of 280 participants, 248 had received at least one dose of the vaccine. Among the people vaccinated, 86.7% were physicians. The median age was 35 years, gender-ratio M/F=0.36. The different types of vaccines received were mRNA vaccines (64.9%), viral vector vaccines (25.1%) and inactivated virus vaccines (10%). For the first vaccine dose (D1), 63.7% had short-term adverse effects, while 50.3% had side effects for the second dose (D2). RNA vaccines (67.7%) were the most providers of adverse effects. The most reported adverse effects were pain at the injection site (D1=54.4%, D2=47%), muscle pain (D1=53.8%; D2=59%), fatigue (D1=50.6%; D2=57%) and fever (D1=32.3%; D2=37%). Furthermore, 28.2% reported medium-term adverse effects. Memory loss was the most common symptom (39.4%).

Discussion

The short-term adverse effects are polymorphic and benign. The medium-term effects are still unknown. they seem to be dominated by neuropsychological effects, in particular memory disorders.

Conclusion

A surveillance system for the adverse effects of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine must be set up in a more rigorous way to have a more in-depth knowledge of this new vaccine.
O-155 MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION AND RISK REDUCTION FOR INFORMAL CERAMIC WORKERS
Authors: Songkham Wanpen , Suthakorn Weeraporn , Tantranont Kunlayanee
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The informal ceramic workers are a group that is at risk because of an unsafe workplace. The objective of this participatory action research was to develop a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model for ceramic workers and to evaluate this model’s effects through the participation process.

Methods

This study was conducted in 33 small ceramic factories in Lampang Province, Thailand. The model starts with studying the situation analysis, followed by participatory planning, designing, and solving problems between healthcare providers, workers, and workplace owners. All processes were supported by community leaders. Problem-solving was conducted by providing knowledge or capacity building for self-care through appropriate media, periodically reviewing and reflecting on problems that occur during the process of solving problems, and developing a working prototype that is ready to change behavior. Then, coordinate with the owner to improve the appropriate working environment and create a forum for exchanging knowledge.

Results

The result revealed altering participants’ working behavior and lifestyle patterns, ceramic workers exhibited the outcome of building a workplace health promotion and risk reduction model. Regarding working behavior, the average behavior score for wearing PPE and adhering safe work practices was considerably higher after implementation (p-values <.05). There were also statistically significant increases in the lifestyle patterns scores for stress management and physical activity/exercise (p values<.05).

Conclusion

This research makes the obvious model to promote health and reduce the risk of working in a ceramic workforce. Methods and preventive measures may be applied to other small-scale enterprises.
P-282 MOTIVATED POLICY ADVICE FOR SMALL TO MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN BELGIUM
Authors: Pelgrims Filip , De Raeve Hilde , Boon Jan
Published: July 2024

Background

In Belgium, Occupational Health Services (OHS) such as IDEWE assess the global status and implementation of company prevention policies. In this study we aim to explore the strengths and bottlenecks in small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Methods

Retrospective analysis of the answers to 51 predefined policy questions collected during company visits by IDEWE’s OHS professionals in over 12000 SMEs between 2016 and 2019.

Results

SMEs scored well on first aid (70%), workplace accident procedure (71%), and individual occupational health risk assessment (98%). Moreover, questions related to individual health surveillance (79%) and conducting health surveillance (73%) scored positively. On individual level, good scores were noted for provision of personal equipment (79%) and work clothing (76%). In contrast, the main bottlenecks were lack of a policy and action plan (only available in 24% and 29%, respectively), and limited availability of an inventory of dangerous substances (35%) and safety-instructions for chemicals (24%). Also questions related to risk analysis of psychosocial aspects (25%) and maternity protection (34%) had a negative score.

Conclusion

Our results correspond well with the focus of OHS in Belgian SMEs in the last 40 years, with an emphasis on individual safety and protection, including medical health surveillance. The main challenges for SMEs are implementing collective measures after risk analysis, and reporting in policy and yearly action plans. Employers often lack the necessary knowledge and skills to do so. Employers of micro-enterprises (<20 employees), in particular, wish to be better supported by the government and their external OHS.
P-287 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN SMALL SCALE MINING: A CASE OF INFORMAL ARTISANAL MINERS IN MOUNT DARWIN, ZIMBABWE
Authors: Matambo Farai
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Artisanal and small scale mining (ASSM) contributes 2.6% to Zimbabwe’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Despite the significant contribution to economic growth and development, ASSM workers remain exposed to numerous work related health and safety hazards. The objectives of the study were to identify the hazards and risks in ASSM, review the arrangements for managing health and safety risks, and to assess the effectiveness of the controls in place so as to produce justified, proportionate recommendations to improve health and safety performance.

Methods

The study used a mixed method approach which included qualitative and quantitative research design with study participants being sampled using the random and purposive sampling methods. Data collection tools used included questionnaires, direct observations and interviews. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results

The occupational health and safety hazards associated with ASSM operations were dominated by physical hazards (50,34%), chemical (20,41%) ergonomic (19,73%), biological hazards (4,76%) and psychosocial hazards (4,76%) with potential to cause illnesses, injuries and death. These hazards were present from ore extraction to amalgamation and gold smelting processes. Lack of training on occupational safety and health was identified as a risk factor, as was established by a Chi-square test of association between training and risk exposure encountered (p=0.00<0.005).

Conclusion

Training of workers is also recommended for them to be competent in identifying hazards, assessing risks and opportunities inherent to their operations. This will ensure adaption of controls that guarantees amelioration of the workplace hazards.
O-165 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO RADON: PERSPECTIVES IN LUNG CANCER PREVENTION
Authors: Giuseppe Taino , Alberto Delogu , Tiziana Gazzoldi , Pintucci Riccardo , Semborowski Luca , Azzola Ludovica , Solazzo Francesca , Papetti Samuele
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Radon is produced by the radioactive decay of Radium 226 (226Ra), in turn produced by radioactive decay of Uranium 238 (238U), found in ores such as lave, tables, granites and pozzolane. Lung cancer is still a disease with a high mortality rate responsible, worldwide, for about one in five deaths due to cancer.

Methods

The health surveillance of workers exposed to Radon is aimed at the prevention and early diagnosis of lung cancer, which represents, in Italy, the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men (15%) and the third in women (12%).

Results

At present, however, screening strategies are only offered to populations at high risk of developing the disease, as it is difficult to find a single very sensitive and highly specific biomarker.

Discussion

This situation implies that only healthy subjects are subjected to CT only after the onset of symptoms, leading thus to often late diagnosis, without a survival benefit. Currently the most promising biomarker is micro-RNA (MSC), associated with LCDT.

Conclusion

An optimization of these tools in the future and the cost-benefit ratio will open their use in early diagnosis, as well as their use in the health surveillance of those exposed to radon.

Key words: lung cancer, radon, radioprotection
O-172 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE, RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AND HAND ECZEMA OF NAIL ARTISTS IN SWEDEN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gunnare Sara , Wahlkvist Helen
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Nail artists are occupationally exposed to chemical hazards, e.g. products containing acrylates which may cause asthma and eczema. The aim of this study was therefore to survey occupational exposure, respiratory symptoms, and hand eczema among nail artists in Sweden.

Methods

A questionnaire focusing on occupational exposure conditions, respiratory symptoms, and hand eczema was sent to 532 nail artists in Sweden and the participation rate was 21%. The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Stockholm.

Results

The majority of respondents (96%) had been working as nail artists for more than 2 years. More than 60% worked as nail artists at least 21 hours per week. The 12-month prevalence for respiratory symptoms and hand eczema were 51% and 24%, respectively. Every third respondent had a colleague who had changed occupations due to respiratory symptoms or eczema. All respondents seemed to use local exhaust ventilation at work. Many nail artists also used personal protective equipment (PPE), e.g. about 60% used surgical masks, 66% used rubber gloves and 14% used PVC gloves.

Discussion

Nail artists had higher incidence of respiratory symptoms and hand eczema than the general population despite the use of local exhaust ventilation. PPE was used by more than 50% of the nail artists. However, the selected PPE does not provide sufficient protection against e.g. acrylates.

Conclusion

Although several precautions had been taken by the nail artists, they seemed to be exposed to irritant and/or allergic substances, e.g. acrylates, since many of them experienced respiratory symptoms as well as hand eczema.
P-302 THE MOST WANTED OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE ACTIVITIES DURING “THE WORKING CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT” PRACTICE ESTABLISHED IN THE ROMANIAN NATIONAL FRAMEWORK STARTED IN 2017
Authors: Rapas Liliana
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In 2017 the new unitary wages law was launched and implemented procedures for establishing the impact of working conditions on the workers’ health of the main “occupational families”. This labor approach to “working conditions assessment” for compensating the risks has been strengthened by the occupational medicine surveillance results.

Methods

The collaboration between the public authority, private occupational medicine providers and O.S.H. services had allowed “a business case” to be built for each applicant. The establishment of the risk factors’ packages meant for compensation was made at the behest of the applicants. These were predominantly from the local-central public administration, the veterinary medicine in 2017 and 2020, predominantly from healthcare and culture “occupational families” in 2018 and 2022 and from education, justice and healthcare in 2019 and 2021.

Results and Discussions

The occupational medicine physicians accomplished expertise based on the correlation between hazards’ measurements by accredited laboratories and the specific workplaces’ morbidity reported by the private occupational medicine doctors. The workplace health promotion is made through ergonomic recommendations, implementation of guidelines for the electromagnetic fields, courses for the infections’ prevention associated with healthcare, psychological evaluations for the neuropsychological overload and the counseling for the elimination of fears regarding the risks. These covered approximately 30% of workers with harmful or dangerous working conditions.

Conclusion

The workers from public institutions have benefited from the upgraded assessment of the working conditions, by extending the labor approach through the integration of the workers’ health approach. This ensures the correlation between the public-private preventive policies and the fair use of the financial leverage for each institutional case.
P-308 FATAL WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS
Authors: Ajmani Fatima , Belamine Fatima , Derqaoui Mohamed Amine , Abouzahir Hind , Belhouss Ahmed , Benyaich Hicham
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Workplace accidents, brief events that occur during professional activities and result in physical or psychological harm, have serious consequences for workers and the national economy. This study aims to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the victims and identify the main mechanisms involved to formulate preventive recommendations.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by examining the records of forensic autopsies at Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca over a ten-year period, from 2012 to 2022, including 100 cases of fatal workplace accidents.

Results

During this period, 100 fatal workplace accidents were recorded, with an average of 10 accidents per year. Men accounted for 98.03% of the victims, with an average age of 38.4 years. The majority of deaths occurred in the construction sector (48 cases). The most common accidents were falls at the workplace (71 cases) and injuries related to work activities (27 cases). One case of acute gas poisoning was also reported. The main causes of death were polytrauma (60 cases), with 2 cases of burns, one case of severe tetanus, and one case of fatal gas poisoning.

Discussion and Conclusion

Fatal workplace accidents primarily affect active men, especially in the construction, agriculture, and mechanical industry sectors. Preventing these incidents requires a comprehensive approach involving employers, employees, occupational health physicians, insurers, and legislators.
P-310 BIOMARKERS OF UV-RADIATION IN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR WORKERS
Authors: De Boer Florentine , Kezic Sanja , Van der Molen Henk
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Outdoor workers (OW) are exposed to higher doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) compared to indoor workers (IW), which increases their risk of developing skin cancer.

Methods and Results

Tape stripping of the stratum corneum (SC) is a non-invasive tool for identification of biomarkers that can aid in the early detection and prevention of chronic UV-related skin damage in the occupational setting. SC tape strips were collected from two different skin sites: one on less exposed skin behind the ear (E) and another from the more exposed forehead (F) skin. The study comprised of 28 IW and 30 OW. The SC levels of eight immunological markers, the ratio between cis- and trans isomers of urocanic acid (cUCA and tUCA), and the dermal texture index (DTI) as an indicator of corneocyte surface topography were measured as candidate biomarkers. Significant differences were observed between the sampling sites E and F for IL-18, IL1-RA, IL-1a the IL-1RA/IL-1a ratio, VEGF- A, MIP-1β, NMF and DTI. When comparing IW and OW, differences were found for IL-1RA/ IL-1α ratio and VEGF-A in skin (E). On the other hand, in skin (F), biomarker levels differed for CTACK, IL-1RA, MMP-9 and MIP-1β and NMF. No significant differences in DTI were observed between IW and OW irrespective of the skin site.

Discussion and Conclusion

The study revealed distinct biomarker patterns at skin sites exposed to different levels of sunlight and between IW and OW. These findings highlight the impact of chronic sun exposure on skin health. The identified biomarkers can aid in early detection and prevention of skin damage in OW.
P-318 REVISION OF PREVENTION GUIDELINES FOR NOISE DISTURBANCE PREVENTION IN JAPAN
Authors: Hibino Hiroyuki , Nagano Chikage , Inoue Jinro , Horie Seichi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Occupational Safety and Health Regulations is obligatory to implement to prevent noise disturbance in Japan. The incident at the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Shipyard triggered the establishment: Guidelines for the Prevention of Noise Disturbances. Approximately 300 people are affected every year in all industries. The Revision of the Guidelines was necessary to match the new standard of preventing noise disturbance.

Method

We surveyed the number and rate of findings medical-checkup of noise workers based on the Guidelines in Japan.

Result

The number of noise workers undergoing health checkups increased from 273,557 to 327,315, the number of workplaces increased from 5,145 to 6,305. The rate of positive findings (pure tone hearing ≥30 dB at 4000 Hz) decreased from 14.6% to 12.6% over the past 10 years.

Discussion and conclusion

The increase in the number of people undergoing health checkups and the number of establishments over the past 10 years can be attributed to the spread of guidelines. Although the number of people with problems has decreased, the implementation rate has not been grasped, so there is a possibility of an apparent decrease, and it cannot be said that noise disturbance prevention is widespread. In addition, the old guidelines measured only 1000Hz and 4000Hz, and there is a possibility that early noise-induced hearing loss was overlooked, so the new guidelines added the measurement at 6000Hz. In addition to the conventional fixed-point measurement, personal exposure measurement will be promoted, and it is expected that the implementation rate of health checkups at business establishments will increase.
P-319 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS IN A BUILDING AND PUBLIC WORKS COMPANY IN BENIN
Authors: Olou Rose Mikponhoue
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The prevalence of occupational accidents in the building and public works construction industry is high.

Objective

To determine the factors associated with work-related accidents in a construction company in Benin.

Method

This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from September to October 2022 among workers of a road construction company. A questionnaire was administered to the workers. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.1.1. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors with work-related accidents. The significance threshold was 5%.

Results

A total of 472 workers were included, of whom 452 (95.7%) were male, giving a sex ratio of 22.6. Mean age was 33.0 ± 8.8 years. The prevalence of work-related accidents was 50.8%. The associated factors were: absence of breaks (p=0.004 OR=1.53), job seniority > 4 years (p<0.001; OR=2), insufficient personal protective equipment (p= <0.001 OR=4.78).

Discussion and Conclusion

In this company, it is important to train workers in the use of protective equipment, and to improve the organization of work within the company, in order to reduce the number of work-related accidents.
P-326 ASSESSMENT OF BREAST CANCER AWARENESS AND SCREENING PRACTICES AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Sellami Imen , Meska Ahmed Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide and remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals (HP) regarding BC screening.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax from October to December 2023. Data on BC awareness among HP were collected using the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM).

Results

Out of the 142 participants, 59 (41.5%) reported having undergone a clinical breast examination at least once, and 74 (52.1%) practiced breast self-examination (BSE). All respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding BC warning signs. Furthermore, 44.4% of respondents believed that a 50-year-old woman was most likely to develop BC in the next year, and 54.2% strongly agreed that a prior history of BC increased the risk. Surprisingly, 19.71% of HP aged over 45 had not undergone screening mammograms. The primary reasons for this were being asymptomatic and the fear of a cancer diagnosis.

Discussion

Our study revealed a satisfactory level of BC knowledge among HP, but there is room for improvement in attitudes and practices related to BC screening, particularly with regards to mammography and monthly BSE.

Conclusion

These findings underscore the necessity of providing better information and motivation to HP in order to enhance awareness, knowledge, and early detection and screening practices for BC within the Tunisian healthcare community.
P-330 THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE EDUCATION OF MEDICAL RESIDENTS IN TUNISIA
Authors: Ghrab Mohamed Anis , Sellami Imen , Haddar Aicha , Hajjaji Mounira , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a worldwide healthcare crisis, altering the roles of medical residents, who shifted their focus to treating critical patients instead of their usual education. This study aims to assess how the pandemic has affected the education of medical residents by examining the overall impact on their learning experiences.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2022 among Tunisian medical residents. A questionnaire was sent online collecting data about their perception of the impact of the pandemic on their education.

Results

One hundred residents participated, with 18% being surgeons. Twenty-Eight percent reported a decrease in work-duty hours, whereas the workload was unchanged to significantly increased for 67% of the residents. Only 20% noticed an increase in patient volume. Clinical and surgical activities decreased for 48%, remained unchanged for 41%. Moreover, residents reported a decrease in time dedicated for research activities (47%) and educational activities (82%). Bivariate analysis showed that increase of workload was significantly higher for medicine residents (p=0.005) whereas the decrease in clinical/surgical activities was significantly higher for surgery residents (p=0.005).

Discussion

This study evaluated the impact of the pandemic on medical residents two years after its onset. The deployment of their effort toward the care for COVID-19 patients in addition to the decrease in grand rounds, staff meetings and event due to safety protocols affected deeply their education.

Conclusion

Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, the education of residents underwent substantial impact. A heightened emphasis on both theoretical and practical knowledge consolidation becomes imperative for this generation.
P-335 ABSTRACT LIFESTYLE ASSESSMENT AMONG TAXI DRIVERS IN TUNISIA
Authors: Fendri Myriam Nabiha , Hrairi Anwar , Kammoun Nesrine , Bani Mejda
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Taxi drivers are subject to constraints related to irregular working hours, which influence their lifestyle and have implications for their health.

Objective

To describe and evaluate the lifestyle habits among taxi drivers in Tunisia.

Method

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on taxi drivers who had consulted the Institute of Occupational Health and Safety between November 2022 and March 2023. Data collection was done using a pre-established questionnaire on Google Forms.

Results

The study included 140 taxi drivers, with one female driver. The average age was 48 years. The average professional experience was 17.4 years, and the average number of working hours was 8.7 hours. Tobacco and alcohol consumption was found in 47.9% and 21.4% of cases, respectively. The average number of packs/year for smokers was 12.4, ranging from 5 to 70. In 51% of cases, taxi drivers consumed non-home-cooked meals. Physical activity was observed in 32 drivers (22.9%), with regular activity in 15.7% of cases. Morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 35 Kg/m2) was noted in 11 drivers (7.9%), while 29.3% were obese (BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m2), and 37.1% were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m2).

Discussion and conclusion

Our survey revealed tobacco and alcohol consumption, an unbalanced diet, significant sedentary behavior, and pathological BMI levels among taxi drivers. Sensitization and medical intervention are needed for this population.
O-185 EFFECTS OF PER- AND POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS) ON THE METABOLOME OF U.S. AIRPORT AND STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTERS: EVIDENCE FROM THE NATIONAL FIREFIGHTER CANCER INITIATIVE
Authors: Caban-Martinez Alberto , Feliciano Paola Louzado , Green Aimee , Garibaldi Johanna , Lee David , Solle Natasha Schaefer , Kobetz Erin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Firefighters are occupationally exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF), a fire suppressant and in the moisture barrier of their safety gear. Certain PFAS are increasingly linked to metabolic toxicity and carcinogenicity. We examine changes in metabolic pathways associated with exposure to serum PFAS in firefighters.

Methods

Firefighters from two U.S. fire departments consented to the study, completed a health survey and provided a blood sample. Seven distinct PFASs were quantified using a liquid chromatography-isotope dilution-tandem mass spectrometry approach. Global metabolomic profiles were determined across three experimental groups (i.e., male, female and airport firefighters). ANCOVA contrasts were used to identify biochemicals that differed significantly between groups.

Results

Among 50 firefighters, 30.0% were female, 66.0% White/non-Hispanic, and 53.1% overweight, with group average age, 41.8 years ±9.9 (standard deviation). Thirty percent worked as airport firefighters, while 70.0% as structural/career firefighters. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) were higher in airport (ratio fold change [FC]:2.17 and 3.16;p≤0.05) and male firefighters (FC:2.22 and 2.81;p≤0.05) compared to females. Lactate levels were higher in airport firefighters (FC:1.44;p≤0.05) compared to male/female firefighters, while ceramides (FC:0.58 and 0.72;p≤0.05) and sphingomyelins (FC:0.76 and 0.78;p≤0.05) were lower in airport and male firefighters versus females. Eicosanoids (FC:2.37;p≤0.05), fibrinopeptide products FC:2.21;p≤0.05), glutathione related antioxidant metabolites (FC:2.66;p≤0.05) were higher in airport versus female/male firefighters.

Discussion and conclusion

Several observed differences were more robust in airport firefighters suggesting greater metabolic differences in these firefighters compared to non-airport firefighters.
O-186 INTERACTION OF BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE, EFFECT, AND SUSCEPTIBILITY ON THYROID DISRUPTION IN PESTICIDE APPLICATORS WITH PRIMARY EXPOSURE TO CHLORPYRIFOS
Authors: Liem Jen Fuk , Mansyur Muchtaruddin
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Chlorpyrifos, one of the most frequently used agricultural insecticides, has the potential to alter thyroid function. This study aims to analyze the interaction of several biomarkers on thyroid disruption in pesticide applicators with primary exposure to chlorpyrifos.

Methods

We analyzed data from a total of 151 pesticide applicators aged 18-65 years who were actively using chlorpyrifos for at least 1 year. We performed pathway analysis to examine possible causal models of the determinants of thyroid disruption. Exogenous variables were CYP2B6 and cumulative exposure levels (CEL), while 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), CEL, Thyroglobulin/FT4 ratio, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were endogenous variables. CEL and Thyroglobulin/FT4 ratio was tested as the IV for TSH.

Results

Our path model was fit. CYP2B6*6 has a negative effect on TCPy and CEL has a negative effect on AChE. Thyroglobulin/FT4 ratio (β=0,490; p<0,001) and CEL (β= 0,175; p=0,018) have a positive direct effect on TSH, while the indirect effect of CEL on TSH was 0.279. All of the coefficients were significant at p<0.05 and the path analysis explained the 30.7% variance in participants’ TSH.

Discussion

CPF exposure affects TSH levels through direct and indirect effects. This situation described in our model raises the opinion that CPF exposure has the potential to disrupt the thyroid through thyroid follicular damage which causes alteration of the process of thyroglobulin and thyroid hormone synthesis.

Conclusion

TSH concentrations were affected by the interaction of CYP2B6*6 gene polymorphism, TCPy levels, AChE activity, CEL, and thyroglobulin/FT4 ratio, indicating a dose-response relationship in the development of thyroid disruption.
O-187 BIOAVAILABILITY AND TOXICOKINETICS OF THE COMMON PRESERVATIVE 2-PHENOXYETHANOL FOLLOWING DERMAL EXPOSURE IN HUMANS
Authors: Göen Thomas , Eckert Elisabeth , Hiller Julia , Jäger Thomas , Bader Michael
Published: July 2024

Introduction

2-Phenoxyethanol (PhE) is a biocide which is used as a preservative in cosmetics but also in metal-working fluids. Occupational prevention measures mainly target the inhalative exposure route, but dermal exposure is equally important. However, little is known on human toxicokinetics of PhE following dermal exposure.

Methods

A human-experimental study was conducted with five volunteers that were dermally exposed to 412 ± 14 µg PhE/kg bw in a single dose. Blood and urine samples were collected at regular intervals up to 48 hours post-exposure. All samples were analyzed for PhE and for three PhE metabolites. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany (No. 296_19B).

Results

PhE was quickly absorbed with t(max) in blood of about 1.0 h. The main metabolite in both blood and urine was found to be 2-phenoxyacetic acid (PhAA) with 4OH-PhAA and 4OH-PhE identified as minor metabolites. Recovery in urine after 48 h was 44.2 ± 9.9 % PhE. Excretion half-lives of PhE (metabolites) were in the range of 1.7 – 3.9 h.

Discussion

PhE showed high bioavailability following dermal exposure and is rapidly resorbed and excreted within 48 h with PhAA as the main metabolite in blood and urine. Although, some inter-individual variances of PhE biotransformation were observed, PhAA could be confirmed as a reliable biomarker of exposure to PhE.

Conclusion

Dermal exposure to 2-phenoxyethanol results in an immediate systemic uptake of PhE, thus pointing to a potential occupational safety issue. The determination of PhAA in urine allows for a reliable biomonitoring of 2-phenoxyethanol.
O-190 HUMAN SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE APPROACH TO ASSESS ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
Authors: Aktas Emine , De Raeve Hilde , Gilissen Liesbeth , Godderis Lode
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Environmental Exposure Assessment Research Infrastructure (EIRENE RI) aims to establish a sustainable RI enabling the advancement of exposome research in Europe. This study aims to test the feasibility of collecting reliable and representative data on biomonitoring of environmental exposure of employees or targeted population to a selection of hazardous agents by using the human sentinel surveillance(HSS) system.

Methodology: The HSS operates through a voluntary network of occupational physicians and nurses as gateway for performing human biomonitoring in a cost-effective manner. They actively contribute to sampling and collecting data at large scale to assess the exposure levels of the population. The HSS involves the selection of sentinel sites that includes high-risk industries or exposures.

Results

The HSS consists of a physician’s software platform and a linked participants platform. Firstly, the physicians complete an online training module that includes Standard Operating Procedures of human biomonitoring and sample collection to analyze exposure for selected chemicals and components. The trained physicians will recruit employees and collect data through web-based surveys and remote sampling techniques. After analyzing the data, aggregated data are shared with physicians and the employees. At the first year, n=400 employees in high-risk industries will be included.

Discussion

By closely biomonitoring the data from sentinel workplaces, public health authorities can detect potential health risks, environmental exposures, and work-related diseases and take timely action, and implement appropriate preventive measures.

Conclusion

The HSS is a feasible method for obtaining acquire high-quality data on the exposure of employees and selective cohorts from general population.
O-192 LEAD AS A SERIOUS LONG-TERM HEALTH HAZARD OF CHILDREN IN A MINING AREA IN ZAMBIA
Authors: Bose-O’Reilly Stephan , Mufune Tiza , Moonga Given , Yabe John
Published: July 2024

Introduction

For decades large-scale zinc and lead mining was performed in Kabwe, Zambia. The area is heavily polluted with toxic lead dust from the past, but still today uncovered tailing hills contaminate the near-by housing areas. This exposure is a specific hazard for children. The objective is to share information of lead related health hazards in Kabwe.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 to 2021 with 11,196 children. Blood lead levels and clinical data were assessed.

Results

WHO considers blood lead level 5 µg/dL as levels of concern and at levels above 45 µg/dL a medical treatment is indicated. Latest figures for Kabwe show that in townships close to the mining area 95% of the children exceed the level of concern and 15% of the children perceived treatment. Clinical parameters are just evaluated and will be presented.

Discussion

The results of former lead studies in Kabwe and this study proved that lead exposure is a serious health hazard for children.

Conclusions

The main problem remains - the lead emissions continue. The reasons for this failure are multiple and need to be discussed on the background of poverty, industry liabilities, good governance, and externalization of global pollution. Kabwe is not unique, there are many lead contaminated sites globally. Lead as a toxic substance demands more political attention and willingness to act to protect the health of each child.
P-354 THE PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISATION OF NOVEL MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (MABS) FOR 1-HYDROXYPYRENE GLUCURONIDE (1-OHPYRG) DETERMINATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON (PAH) BIOMONITORING ASSAYS
Authors: Ball Lathan , Carter Harry , Baker Claire , Kate Jones
Published: July 2024

Introduction

PAHs are produced during the incomplete burning of organic material. Occupational exposure may occur in oil refining, mining, iron and steel production and firefighting. Breathing exhaust fumes may increase exposures for mechanics, street vendors and motor vehicle drivers. For most people PAH exposure occurs on a regular basis. Cancer is a significant endpoint of PAH exposure. Measurement of urinary 1-OHPyrG has been used to assess occupational and environmental exposure to PAHs. The production of Mabs to 1-OHPyrG will allow the development of novel PAH biomonitoring tests, facilitate the introduction of routine screening and help safeguard human health.

Methods

1-Pyrenebutyric acid was coupled to a carrier protein and a sheep Mab raised to 1-OHPyrG. A second Mab which binds the Mab-1-OHPyrG immune complex was also produced and a novel non-competitive ELISA developed. Careful formulation of assay buffers has overcome the heterogeneous nature of urine. Assay performance was confirmed through binding studies, reproducibility testing and comparative method analysis.

Results

A sensitive and specific ELISA (measuring range 20-500pg/ml) allows the measurement of background levels of 1-OHPyrG in urine. Occupational samples determined by ELISA and HPLC-fluorescence were in good agreement (R2=0.91). A test kit is being transferred to manufacture.

Discussion and Conclusions

The development of a novel ELISA for 1-OHPyrG has allowed the production of a sensitive and specific PAH biomonitoring test kit. Kits increase the accessibility of biomonitoring and facilitate the introduction of routine screening. Alternative assay formats are being investigated. A lateral flow “point of care” test will facilitate on-site testing and significantly increase the utility of biomonitoring.
P-361 HBM4EU CHROMATES STUDY – ALTERATIONS OF GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION, 8-HYDROXY-2’-DEOXYGUANOSINE IN WORKERS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM
Authors: Verdonck Jelle , Ghosh Manosij , Poels Katrien , Godderis Lode , Janasik Beata , Reszka Edyta , Wieczorek Edyta , Scheepers Paul T J , Ndaw Sophie , Bousoumah Radia , Van Nieuwenhuyse An , Duca Radu Corneliu , Viegas Susana , Louro Henriqueta , Silva Maria João , Porras Simo P , Santonen Tiina , Wasowicz Wojciech
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The European human biomonitoring initiative (HBM4EU) aimed to harmonise human biomonitoring and to improve chemical risk assessment. The HBM4EU chromates study involved seven European countries to characterize occupational exposure to Cr(VI). We applied a cross-sectional study design and used chromium in urine as the primary biomonitoring method for Cr(VI) exposure. Furthermore, the effect of occupational Cr(VI) exposure on 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), global DNA methylation and global DNA hydroxymethylation in blood was investigated.

Methods

Workers with potential exposure to Cr(VI) were included (n=254). As controls (n=114), healthy adult (18–70 years) office workers from the same companies as the exposed workers (referred to “industrial controls”) or from other companies with no activities that were associated with Cr(VI) exposure (referred to “other controls”) were recruited.

Results

In general, each exposed subgroup displayed significantly higher mean urinary Cr levels than the total control group, the industrial control (within company) or the other control (outwith company) subgroups (p = 0.007, MW test). The industrial controls (within company) had significantly higher internal exposure levels than the other controls (outwith company). The other controls (outwith company) had significantly higher global DNA methylation levels and lower levels of 8-OHdG than all other exposure subgroups.

Conclusion

In workers exposed to Cr(VI), global DNA hypomethylation and increased levels of an oxidative stress biomarker 8-OHdG were observed. Overall, these findings reinforce the results of exposure biomarkers, highlighting that in Cr-related industries, (office) workers exposure to Cr is associated with detectable alterations in biological effect markers.
P-362 PRACTICES OF THE SAFE HANDLING AND HEALTH EFFECTS OF CYTOTOXIC DRUGS AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS OF AN ONCOLOGY DEPARTMENT IN A REGIONAL HOSPITAL IN TUNISIA
Authors: Omrane Amira , Harrathi Chayma , Mighri Mouna , Khalfallah Taoufik , Machghoul Samia
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The healthcare sector is a risk sector that exposes to a multitude of occupational hazards dominated by the chemical risk. This risk originates from toxic, irritant or corrosive substances. A particular exposure is that to cytostatic drugs. The aim of this study is to assess the practices and health effects on healthcare workers (HCW) handling cytotoxic drugs.

Methods

A cross-sectional study conducted in January 2023 among HCW of the oncology ward of Gafsa regional hospital in Tunisia. Health effects of cytotoxic drugs, handling practices and cytotoxic waste management were assessed using a face-to-face questionnaire.

Results

The chemotherapy preparation rooms were equipped with laminar flow hoods. However, 78% of the participants prepared chemotherapy in the corridor. Personal protective equipment’s (PPE) worn when handling drugs or cytotoxic waste were a pair of latex gloves and a surgical mask. Cutaneous contamination by cytotoxic drugs were reported by 61.9% of participants. Fertility problems and spontaneous abortion concerned 14.3% and 35.7% of female participants respectively.

Discussion

Anticancer drugs are the main hazardous medications to which HCW are exposed. Our study revealed a gap between the practices adopted by the participants and international recommendations. This could explain the relatively high risk of contamination.

Conclusion

The use of cytotoxic drugs is rapidly expanding. This study has demonstrated the lack of awareness and training of HCW handling these hazardous drugs. This study is the first step in a preventive approach aimed at protecting the healthcare professionals concerned.