bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengekalan Status Quo BN Dalam PRK DUN Mahkota, Johor
Authors: Awang Besar Junaidi
Published: December 2024

Pasca Pilihan Raya Umum (PRU) ke-15, 2023 memperlihatkan berlakunya 10 Pilihan Raya Kecil (PRK) dan yang terakhir adalah PRK DUN Mahkota yang diadakan pada 28 September 2024. PRK DUN Mahkota ini ditandingi BN buat kali keempat selepas menyertai PRK Parlimen Kemaman, DUN Pelangai dan DUN Nenggiri. PRK ini penting bagi menaikkan semangat jentera pilihan raya BN terutamanya UMNO dan memulihkan sokongan pengundi kepada BN/UMNO. DUN Mahkota diadakan PRK berikutan kematian penyandangnya. Kawasan ini yang terletak dalam Parlimen Kluang, Johor merupakan kubu kuat BN kerana BN memenangi empat kali dan hanya tewas sekali. Justeru, adalah menjadi tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk menganalisis pengekalan status quo BN dalam PRK DUN Mahkota. Penulisan artikel ini adalah berdasarkan pemerhatian di lapangan, data keputusan PRK DUN Mahkota mengikut kawasan Daerah Mengundi dan rujukan sumber sekunder yang dianalisis berdasarkan pemikiran penulis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan BN/UMNO berjaya mengekalkan kemenangan kerusi DUN ini dengan majoriti undi yang meningkat lebih besar berbanding PRN 2022. BN/UMNO menang di kesemua pusat atau Daerah Mengundi majoriti kaum Melayu, majoriti kaum Cina dan kawasan campuran termasuk undi pos dan undi awal. Terdapat tujuh faktor kemenangan BN/UMNO dalam PRK ini iaitu antaranya politik nilai, identifikasi parti, politik pembangunan, kepimpinan dan visi Menteri Besar Johor, kredibiliti calon BN/UMNO, kemantapan jentera kempen BN+PH dan kelemahan PN. Justeru, PRK ini dapat dijadikan pendorong atau semangat kepada BN dan PH untuk terus berkhidmat kepada pengundi sebaik mungkin secara konsisten dan berterusan menuju PRU akan datang.
Navigating Digital Privacy and Surveillance: Post‐Covid Regulatory and Theoretical Insights
Authors: Małagocka Karolina
Published: December 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted and accelerated existing trends in digital privacy, intensifying the balance between public health needs and privacy rights. This article examines the concept of digital unfreedom and its growing relevance post-Covid-19, focusing on the balance between public health needs and privacy rights. It explores the evolution of digital freedom pre- and post-pandemic through four key concepts: control over personal information; freedom from surveillance; respectful data protection; and the right to bodily autonomy. Emphasizing the critical importance of privacy in public health strategies, this article calls for vigilant regulatory reforms to protect individual rights and ensure equitable data practices.
Metakarpal eklem içi baş kırıklarında kilitli plak, iki çapraz K-teli ve iki yöntemin kombine şeklinde uygulanmasının sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile incelenmesi
Authors: Alibeyoğlu Fatih , Mebdi Hüseyin , Allahverdi Ertugrul
Published: December 2024

Kırıklar, özellikle elde meydana geldiğinde, günlük yaşamın kalitesini önemli ölçüde etkileyen travmalardan biridir. Metakarpal kırıklar, en yaygın el kırıkları arasında yer alır ve bunların etkin bir şekilde tedavi edilmesiyle elin normal işlevinin geri kazanılması açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, metakarpal eklem içi baş kırıklarının tedavisinde kullanılan kilitli plak, Kirschner teli ve bu iki yöntemin kombinasyonunun sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile analiz edilmesini hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışmada el travması geçiren bir bireyin bilgisayarlı tomografi verileri kullanılarak üç boyutlu bir metakarpal kemik modeli ve kırık hattı oluşturulmuştur. Üç farklı tedavi için oluşturulmuş modellerin sonlu elemanlar esaslı analizi yapılmıştır ve analizlerinden elde edilen eşdeğer gerilme sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular kilitli plak ve iki çapraz Kirschner teli kombinasyonunun diğer iki metoda kıyasla daha düşük gerilme değeri verdiğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuç, kombinasyon yönteminin kilitli plakaya göre nispeten daha stabil bir yapı sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, yalnızca Kirschner teli kullanılan yöntemin ise incelenen üç metod içinde en yüksek gerilme değerine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiş, bu da onun en az stabil yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular neticesinde, metakarpal eklem içi baş kırıklarının tedavisinde kilitli plak ve iki çapraz Kirschner teli kombinasyonunun kullanılmasının daha etkin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Madenlerde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği alanında baret denetimi için yeni bir tasarım
Authors: Eker Hasan , Özlük Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2024

Türkiye’de, iş kazalarının son yıllarda arttığı görülmektedir. Meydana gelen iş kazalarının % 0.3’ü ölümle sonuçlanmaktadır. Türkiye’de her gün yaklaşık 4.2 kişi iş kazası sonucu hayatını kaybetmektedir. Meydana gelen iş kazalarının yapılan çalışmaların ortalaması dikkate alındığında yaklaşık % 14.6’sı baş ve boyun yaralanması olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Madencilik sektöründe yaşanan iş kazaları sonucu baş ve boyun yaralanmalarının sebepleri arasında çalışanların baretini takmaması, baret kullanmaması veya iş yeri içerisinde baretini çıkararak çalışması sayılabilir. Bu çalışmada; madenlerde çalışanların baretini çıkardığı anda, uzaktan algılanarak ve ilgili mühendis veya çalışanın ekranına çıkarıldığını haber veren bir baret tasarımı üzerinde durulmuştur. Tasarım olarak yapılan bu baret Karabük ilinde yer alan bir mermer işletmesinde tasarım aşamasında test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, madenlerde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kurallarına uymayıp baret takmayan çalışanların iş kazasına yakalanmadan önce tespit edilerek baş ve boyun yaralanmaları gibi ciddi iş kazalarının önüne geçmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Buldan Horstu boyunca ana drenaj bölünmesinin konumu ve göçünün tektonik aktivite ile ilişkisi (GB Türkiye)
Authors: Topal Savaş
Published: December 2024

Drenaj bölünmesi, tektonik aktiviteye tepki olarak göç eden, bir yükseltinin her iki yamacındaki komşu drenaj alanlarını ayıran dinamik bir özelliktir. İki komşu havza arasındaki asimetrik yükselme, bölünmenin daha yavaş bir yükselme alanından daha hızlı bir yükselme alanına doğru göç etmesine neden olur. Bölünme göçü, drenaj alanı, sediman kaynağı ve nehir akışı deşarjında değişikliklere yol açacağından, yeryüzü şekli gelişimi üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu için son zamanlarda popüler bir konu haline gelmiştir. Çalışma alanı olan Buldan Horstu, normal faylarla sınırlı bir yükselim alanıdır. Horstun KD’sunu Buldan Fayı, GB’sını ise Buharkent Segmenti’ni oluşturan normal faylar sınırlamaktadır. Buharkent Segmenti, Büyük Menderes Grabeni’nin (BMG) doğu ucunda yer alan ve en genç graben dolgularını kesen Holosen faylarından oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Buldan Horstu ana drenaj bölünmesinin mevcut ve gelecekteki hareketini belirlemek amacıyla normalleştirilmiş diklik indeksi (ksn), Gibert metrikleri ve Chi integrali (χ) kullanılmıştır. Gilbert metrikleri ile ilgili hesaplamalarda, ana drenaj bölünmesi 3 segment (D1, D2 ve D3) olarak ve taban yüksekliği 300 m alınarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler D1 ve D2 segmentinin güneye göç edeceğini ve dolayısıyla Buldan Horstu’nun güneyini sınırlayan Buharkent segmentinin bu göçte birincil etken olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak Buldan Horstu’nun güneye göç etmesi bu alandaki fayların deprem açısından gelecekte daha çok risk taşıdığını göstermektedir.
Konya’nın (Türkiye) batısında, Sağlık ve Yatağan bölgesinde Miyosen lavları içindeki gazboşlukları içeren mafik anklavların saha, mineralojik ve petrografik özellikleri
Authors: Kocak Kerim
Published: December 2024

Konya'nın batısında, dalma-batma ile ilişkili Neojen Erenlerdağı volkanik aktivitesinin bir parçası olarak lav dom kompleksinde, iyi gelişmiş soğuma zonları içeren, değişken boyutlarda (birkaç cm'den birkaç metreye kadar) ve şekillerde (elips/yuvarlak-açılı) çeşitli Mafik Mikrokristalli Anklavlar (MMEs) oluşurlar. Magmadan muhtemelen gazın ayrılmasından sonraki büzülme nedeniyle, bazen kalsit ile doldurulmuş olan MME'nin içinde/etrafında bir kısım köşeli-yuvarlak boşluklar gelişmiştir. Petroğrafik ve modal görüntü analizi, mikro-boşluklu MME'nin diktitaksitik benzeri ve yarıözşekilli tanesel doku içinde plajiyoklaz (%10-84, 0.09-3.1 mm), amfibol (%10-25, 0.16-1.64 mm), klinopiroksen (%7-20, 0.37-0.77 mm), kuvars (%0-10, 0.2-0.6 mm), biyotit (%0-5, 0.81-16 mm), epidot (%0-10, 0.1-0.7 mm), piemontit (%0-9, 0.17-0.55 mm), allanit (%0-9, 0.17-0.55 mm) ve opak demir cevheri (%4-54, 0.03-0.67 mm) ile tali apatit ve zirkon içerdiğini göstermektedir. MME ayrıca, diktitaksitik benzeri bir dokuda plajiyoklaz (%20-82), kahverengi amfibol (%9-25), klinopiroksen (%5), kuvars (%3-10), epidot (%10-25) ve opak demir cevherinden (%10-35) oluşan daha yaşlı ve daha küçük anklav (MME) da içerir. MME’ ların, muhtemelen aşırı basınç birikimiyle silisik domların püskürmelerini tetikleyen, püskürme eş zamanlı mafik (bazaltik?) magmanın alt kabukta dasitik bir magma rezervuarının altına girmesi ile oluştuğu ileri sürülmüştür.
IN THE GROTESQUE MELTING POT. ON THE LITERARY WRITING OF MYKOLA HOHOL (GOGOL) – FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Kasperski Edward
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes Mykola Hohol’s (Gogol’s) works with respect to the category of the grotesque. Identifying a broad range of literary contexts for Gogol’s writing (Franz Kafka, Jaroslav Hašek, Victor Hugo, Edgar Allan Poe etc.), it argues that he gave a unique shape to the grotesque and used it flexibly to represent the Russian reality. The writer not only caricatured his heroes, but also showed a positive but hidden side of the world he lived in. Thanks to this, Hohol became an important inspiration for later authors who employed the category of the grotesque in their works.

The literary background of Hohol’s grotesque was undoubtedly European Romanticism. Grotesque became the Romantics’ weapon in the fight for the right to express subjective, “irrational” associations and in the pursuit of free, unrestricted fantasy. On the aesthetic plane, it motivated the emergence of new categories in art that negated classicist taste and at the same time anticipated modernism.

These included ugliness. It undermined and relativized the dominant, aesthetic canon of idealized beauty. It paved the way for images of low, trivial, puppet-like, rhizomatic reality. Grotesque expressed demonic and satanic motifs close to “black romanticism”, which also appeared in Hohol’s works. The grotesque removed the cognitive, communicative, moral and aesthetic self-censorship of the imagination, imposed on writers and artists by institutions and bodies guarding the political order. It shaped the liberated, authentic language of artistic fantasy.

Hohol’s mercilessly exposing novels and short stories reveals grotesque deformations in phenomena generally considered “practical”, “lifelike”, “acceptable”, “obvious” and “natural”. Romantics therefore saw the grotesque as a guarantor of freedom of creation, of unmasking and critical perception of the world free from moralizing, of discovering deformations inherent in the nature of existence itself: in interpersonal, class or ethnic relations. By combining with the Romantic affirmation of individualism, subjectivity and agency, the grotesque consequently gave writers and artists a free hand in relation to the prevailing patterns, conventions and genre norms.
The Effect of a Yoga Lifestyle on QRISK3 Score Among Individuals at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Saboo Neha , Rao Aayushee , Kacker Sudhanshu
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, and symptoms may not always be visible. Improved preventive strategies could reduce the burden of disease. Yoga is an accessible, affordable lifestyle modification program that has been shown to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease. The present randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of a yoga lifestyle encompassing diet on QRISK3 score in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease. For 6 months, participants (mean age 48.43 ± 6.40) underwent a yoga and diet intervention, the latter based on Asian Indian dietary guidelines. The 45-minute yoga sessions took place 6 days a week over 6 months. One-way analysis of variance was conducted to compare baseline, 3-month, and 6-month data. To determine the relationship between the variable and the QRISK3 score, a multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted in both the control and study groups. Following 6 months of the yoga and diet intervention, QRISK3 score decreased to 20.10 ± 7.05 from baseline values of 28.59 ± 10.15, a change that was statistically significant (p < 0.0001) in the study group. The QRISK3 score was found to be a dependent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (p < 0.001) in univariate linear regression analysis. For individuals who were at high risk for cardiovascular disease, significant independent risk factors were body mass index (β = −0.137, p = 0.034), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.208, p = 0.000), and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (β = 2.59, p = 0.042). This study’s findings suggest that a 24-week yoga lifestyle intervention (including diet) significantly decreased the QRISK3 score among individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease compared to the control group.
Using the trip effect to increase abrasive wear resistance of steel
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Sharapova V. А.
Published: December 2024

The effect of high-temperature quenching on the abrasive wear resistance of iron-carbon-chromium and iron-carbon-manganese steels (1–1.2% carbon and 18% chromium or manganese, 100Kh18 and 120G18) is studied in comparison with an iron-nitrogen-chromium steel (0Kh18A1.2) and on the friction hardening ability of these steels. The study reveals an increase in abrasive wear resistance due to the micro-TRIP effect after high-temperature quenching. It is shown that the wear resistance of the 100Kh18 steel with a metastable austenite structure and carbides after quenching from 1200 °C (ε = 3.2) is three times as high as the wear resistance of the 120G18 stable austenitic steel (ε = 1.1). The studied steels quenched from 1000–1200 °C have abrasive wear resistance exceeding the wear resistance of the 110G13L steel by 20%.
Recommendations on optimizing a number of process and design parameters of membrane catalytic devices for producing high-purity hydrogen from crude hydrocarbons
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vandyshev A. B.
Published: December 2024

The paper offers a number of recommendations on optimizing the main process and design parameters of membrane catalytic devices. The recommendations are based on the analysis of the effect of these factors on the throughput and efficiency of the production of high-purity hydrogen from crude hydrocarbons with the application of a physically grounded and verified mathematical model.
Deformation properties of a metamaterial under changes in the sizes of the tetrachiral structure elements
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akhmetshin L. R.
Published: December 2024

Due to their special properties, mechanical honeycomb metamaterials, such as tetrachiral ones, have attracted a lot of research. The present study investigates the effect of deflection of a metamaterial sample under uniaxial loading. The mechanical behavior (deviation of the sample from its initial position) reveals an interesting phenomenon to consider, which is influenced by the cross-sectional area of the tetrachiral structure and the ring size. A comparison shows that a larger cross-sectional area results in less deviation for smaller ring sizes. Greater deviation is associated with larger areas as the ring size increases, as opposed to smaller areas. The twisting of the rings causes the lateral dimensions of the sample to change, and this makes it possible to study how changes in the metamaterial structure affect its effective Poisson’s ratio. Although Poisson’s ratio varies only slightly depending on the parameters, it can also take on a negative value. For Poisson’s ratio, an analytical formula is presented, which sufficiently characterizes any graph of dependencies.
Probabilistic modeling of the load-bearing capacity of a composite pressure vessel
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, Burov A. E.
Published: December 2024

Modeling possible limit states and predicting load-bearing capacity, accounting for the scatter of mechanical properties, is an integral part of ensuring the strength and reliability requirements for structures. In this study, based on a probabilistic approach, we analyze the influence of variations in the parameters of the composite shell on the load-bearing capacity of a high-pressure metal-composite tank manufactured by continuous composite tape winding on a thin liner. Winding angle, fiber volume content, and ultimate fiber strength are taken as the variable parameters. Numerical modeling based on a model taking into account the processes of damage accumulation and degradation in the mechanical properties of the material is used to predict the mechanical behavior of the structure. Based on the calculation results, the burst pressure distribution function is obtained, which gives an idea of the influence of manufacturing process variability on the load-bearing capacity of the tank.
The effect of coolant flow rate on the cooling efficiency of a finned tube
Authors:   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Surnin A. D.
Published: December 2024

The problem of conjugate heat transfer in a radiator cooling element is solved by numerical methods. The study solves the problem of the motion of continuous media, which is described by the system of the Navier–Stokes equations and the heat transfer equation. These equations are numerically integrated by the control volume method within the OpenFOAM open-source computational platform. The optimal number of grid elements was determined through grid convergence analysis. The obtained results enable the assessment of fluid heating along the channel length and the temperature gradient between the tube wall and the surrounding air. The data obtained for various flow rates of the working fluid inside the finned tube were analyzed, and recommendations for use are given.
Crack growth in the field of residual stresses in welded joints of pipelines used in a cold climate
Authors:   Federal Research Centre “The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Prokopyev L. A. , Golikov N. I. ,   V. P. Larionov Institute of Physical-Technical Problems of the North, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saraev Yu. N. ,   V. P. Larionov Institute of Physical-Technical Problems of the North, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The problem of the influence of residual welding stresses (RWS) on the process of crack propagation is considered. Finite element modeling of the growth of a semi-elliptical longitudinal crack in the RWS field is performed. To gain a more complete understanding of the process mechanics, the calculation results obtained in view of residual stresses are compared to those obtained without regard for residual stresses. The obtained results are indicative of a significant effect of the level and distribution of RWS on crack propagation. In particular, the complex stress-strain state induced by residual stresses is shown to influence essentially the forming and further growth of cracks located on the inner surface of the pipeline wall. Besides, it is found that the form of crack growth specified by residual welding stresses makes them hard to detect with the application of classical instrumented testing methods. The complex distribution of stresses may cause data corruption and, consequently, difficulties in the correct interpretation of crack shape and size. This, in turn, may significantly complicate planning and performing repair work, and this necessitates the development and use of more accurate diagnostic techniques taking into account the effect of residual stresses. The research results emphasize the importance of taking into account RWS when predicting the behavior of cracks in pipelines and planning their service and repair. Further research in this direction can contribute to creating more reliable and effective techniques for estimating the health of welded joints, this being crucial for the industrial safety and economic efficiency of operating procedures.
Spontaneous volume magnetostriction in antiferromagnets and its manifestation in an Fe–Rh alloy
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Valiev E. Z. , Bobrovskii V. I. ,   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

A formula for spontaneous volume magnetostriction of a two-sublattice antiferromagnet is obtained and discussed in detail in terms of an exchange striction model. The main feature of the formula is taking into account the dependence of volumetric strains on the directions of sublattice magnetization vectors. The calculation shows that this way it is possible to explain giant forced volume magnetostriction previously observed in the antiferromagnetic state of the Fe50Rh50 alloy. Besides, the temperature dependences of the specific volume and critical magnetic field of this alloy are calculated, and they are in a satisfactory agreement with the experiment.
The effect of the electrical resistivity of conductive copper connections on the reliability of testing the soldering quality of clamp side walls by the amplitude eddy current method
Authors:   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kogan L. K. , Stashkov A. N. ,   M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

A transformer eddy-current transducer with rectangular notches in the poles of its U-shaped core is used to study the effect of a change in electrical resistivity of M1 copper within the range between 0.01724 and 0.01748 μΩ∙m according to GOST 193-79 and GOST 1173-2006 on the error in determining the soldering quality of the side walls of clamps with lead ends of current-carrying rods, which are used to connect stator windings in state-of-the-art designs of hydro- and turbogenerators. Specimens made at different times and received from different power engineering enterprises are studied. It is found that, when the relative difference of electrical resistivity varies within 1.36%, the error in evaluating the level of soldering of the side walls of clamps does not exceed 15.5%. This must be taken into account when performing eddy current testing.
Defect detection in aviation plexiglass parts by analyzing the parameters of recorded speckle fields
Authors:   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin Air Force Academy, Pavlov P. V. , Vladimirov A. P. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the use of techniques for applying the method of speckle structures of optical radiation for the tasks of determining the residual life, flaw detection testing, and assessing the health of aircraft cabin glazing elements made of AO-120 aviation plexiglass.
Minerar a alma mineral:  Fronteira  de Cornélio Penna
Authors: Morais Franklin Farias
Published: December 2024

O artigo se propõe a estabelecer os possíveis vínculos entre a fatura ficcional de Fronteira e os processos sociais concernentes à mineração em Minas Gerais. Empregando como metodologia a investigação da subjetividade das personagens, os caracteres revelados tornam-se instrumentos para análise sociológica do tema da mineração no romance: formalização literária do processo social. Para isto, é essencial analisar historicamente o início, desenvolvimento, auge e declínio das atividades de garimpagem de minerais nos séculos XVIII e XIX na província de Minas Gerais, com a finalidade de compará-los com o desenrolar dos acontecimentos no interior do enredo de Fronteira.
Nas fraturas do vivido, des-figurar o passado
Authors: Zrzebiela Fernanda Ferrari
Published: December 2024

Apresenta-se o poema "Coleção de cacos", inserido na tríade memorialista de Boitempo, do poeta Carlos Drummond de Andrade, a partir da intersecção de dois olhares: os resquícios do olhar infantil, que se coloca numa verdadeira ascese da disponibilidade aos cacos que nos escapam, e as exigências do observador eterno, que aos cacos recolhidos dispensa a atenção ruminante de um meticuloso colecionador. Pela via de leitura que ora se propõe, entende-se que o trabalho de rearranjo do vivido, que se impõe ao poeta como uma exigência desse regime do olhar, não pode se dar senão pela potência des-figuradora da imaginação. A partir das latências do despojo e da soberana imposição do não-saber que toda imagem propõe, o olhar é assim conduzido a um verdadeiro trabalho de forças em busca daquilo que permanece capaz de chocar, de perturbar, de transformar o pensamento, produzindo um conhecimento inaudito.
Vanguarda nas alterosas: 42 anos do grupo Oficcina Multimédia
Authors: Cordeiro Felipe , De Medeiros Ione , Horta Fortes Jonnatha
Published: December 2024

VANGUARDA NAS ALTEROSAS: 42 ANOS DO GRUPO OFICCINA MULTIMÉDIA VANGUARD
Retratos da prisão e da Favela em crônicas do fim do século XIX
Authors: Da Silva Fátima Almeida
Published: December 2024

RESUMO:Neste artigo, investigaremos algumas crônicas do fim do século XIX dos seguintes autores:  Benjamim Costallat, João do Rio e Orestes Barbosa. Nosso recorte será temático: as crônicas delineiam uma perspectiva dos cronistas sobre a prisão. Interessa-nos saber o modo como cada cronista narra tanto a prisão do fim do século, quanto a Favela – o nome de um morro do Rio de Janeiro. Vale dizer que, em Benjamim Costallat, a prisão é metafórica, tendo em vista que o cronista descreve os sanatórios do fim do século. Lemos o sanatório como uma forma de prisão. João do Rio, como repórter, descreve as prisões visitadas por ele. Para comparar o modo de abordagem da prisão, selecionamos, duas crônicas de Orestes Barbosa que, tendo sido preso, revela-nos um olhar singular dessa prisão. Como arcabouço teórico, lançaremos mão de Ben Singer que estuda a Modernidade. Além disso, contamos com textos críticos sobre o gênero crônica.
Design Envelope for Future Acetabular Implant Reconstructions and Statistical Shape Model Based on 15th-90th Percentile Ranges of Male and Female CT Scans
Authors:   , Barla Lalith Sai Rahul , Kurtz Steven M. , Allen Fred D.
Published: December 2024

Severe bone loss in the pelvis, caused by factors such as previous revision total hip surgery or cancer, presents significant surgical reconstruction challenges with high risks of complications like infection and implant failure. This study aims to address the need for standardized, personalized implant solutions for these complex cases through the development of a statistical shape model (SSM) of the pelvis and corresponding design envelope. Utilizing CT scan data from the New Mexico Decedent Imaging Database, the study constructs percentile-based design templates for male and female pelvises, providing a foundation for improved acetabular implant reconstructions. The developed statistical shape model captures the anatomical variations seen in severe pelvic bone loss cases, offering a standardized yet adaptable approach for designing patient-specific implants. Because the SSM allows for detailed examination of specific defects, surgeons can better understand the extent of bone loss and predict surgical challenges. When the defect is less severe, like in cases of lysis, the surgery becomes easier to manage compared to more extensive bone loss. This insight enables surgeons to anticipate where complications may arise, identify areas where surgery may be more straightforward, and explore potential modifications to existing implant solutions to improve recovery times and extend the longevity of the implant. By focusing on anatomical intricacies, the model seeks to enhance surgical outcomes, reduce complications, and improve the quality of life for patients undergoing pelvic reconstruction. Through verification testing, the study ensures the reliability and accuracy of the SSM. This research contributes significantly to the field by providing a framework for tailoring implant solutions, advancing scientific understanding, and enhancing medical practices in pelvic reconstruction. The project's deliverables include a detailed statistical shape model and design envelopes representing pelvic shapes across percentiles, serving as valuable resources for researchers, engineers, and surgeons.
Surfing the Tsunami
Authors: Miranda Deborah A.
Published: December 2024

This is the keynote delivered by Deborah Miranda at the CISSA symposium. Beginning with a set of questions she has received since writing Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir, Miranda reflects on the life of the book as well as the material circumstances of its writing through the image of a tsunami. Thinking about the damage, the survivors and debris, and the lasting effects of histories of catastrophe and violence, Miranda asserts that Bad Indians is a reflection on how to ride the tsunami. It is a book of transformation, of trying to catch the wave of change in all its difficulty.
Psikiyatristlerin ve Acil Tıp Hekimlerinin Kadına Yönelik Şiddet ile İlgili Olarak Sağlık Mesleği Mensuplarının Suçu Bildirmemesi Suçu Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Durum Tespiti ve Değerlendirmeler
Authors: Yılmaz Karaman İmran Gökçen , Oktar Seyhan , Köse Cansu , Çanakçı Mustafa Emin , Taşkın Ozan Ercan
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun (TCK) 280. maddesi sağlık mesleği mensuplarının suçu bildirmesi hakkındadır. Kadına yönelik şiddete (KYŞ) maruz bırakılmış hastalar ile sık karşılaşan psikiyatristler ve acil tıp hekimleri, hastanın adli bildirim yapılmasını istemediği durumlarda bir ikilemde kalmaktadır: Yasal olan suçu bildirmek iken, bazı durumlarda adli bildirimin yapılması hastanın ruhsal ve fiziksel güvenliğini tehdit edebilmektedir. Bu sebeple hekimlerin konu hakkındaki güncel görüşlerini araştırma ihtiyacı doğmuştur.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya 138 psikiyatri, 70 acil tıp hekimi katılmıştır. Uygulanan çevrim içi ankette katılımcıların TCK 280. maddesi ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi, KYŞ ile ilgili tutumu, KYŞ olgularıyla ilgili deneyimleri sorulmuş; fiziksel şiddet (FŞ) ve cinsel şiddet (CŞ) olgu sunumları üzerinden adli bildirim yapma ve tıbbi kayıt tutma eğilimleri incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Sunulmuş olan olgu örnekleri ile ilgili olarak hekimlerin tıbbi kayıt tutma ve adli bildirim yapma eğilimleri hem FŞ için, hem de CŞ için farklılık göstermektedir. Acil tıp hekimlerinin KYŞ olgularında adli bildirim yapma eğilimi psikiyatristlerden fazladır (her biri p<0.001). FŞ olgusunda adli bildirim yapma ve tıbbi kayıt altına alma (her ikisi için p<0.001) eğiliminin CŞ’den daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. FŞ için olgu bildiriminde bulunmada uzman hekim olmanın bildirim yapma olasılığını 2.1 kat arttırdığı görülmüştür (p=0.009). Psikiyatristlerin tamamı, acil tıp hekimlerinin ise %91’i verilen olgu sunumlarında hastalarının fiziksel güvenliği hakkında endişe duymaktadır.
Sonuç: Mevcut hali ile sağlık mesleği mensubunun suçu bildirmemesi suçu, hekimleri hastanın iyiliği için doğru olanı yapmak ile yasal olanı yapmak arasında bir ikilemde bırakmaktadır. İlgili kanunun gözden geçirilmesi ve hekimlere KYŞ olgularının adli boyutları hakkında eğitim verilmesi gerekmektedir.
Особенности лекарственной терапии при солидных опухолях на фоне беременности
Authors: Стенина М. Б. , Пароконная А. А. , Полушкина Е. С. , Ульрих Е. А. , Хохлова С. В. , Шмаков Р. Г.
Published: December 2024

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Немелкоклеточный рак легкого
Authors: Лактионов К. К. , Артамонова Е. В. , Бредер В. В. , Горбунова В. А. , Демидова И. А. , Деньгина Н. В. , Моисеенко Ф. В. , Реутова Е. В. , Сакаева Д. Д. , Семенова А. И. , Смолин А. В. , Строяковский Д. Л. , Черных М. В.
Published: December 2024

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Опухоли головы и шеи
Authors: Болотина Л. В. , Владимирова Л. Ю. , Деньгина Н. В. , Кутукова С. И. , Новик А. В. , Романов И. С.
Published: December 2024

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Первичные опухоли центральной нервной системы
Authors: Улитин А. Ю. , Желудкова О. Г. , Иванов П. И. , Кобяков Г. Л. , Мацко М. В. , Насхлеташвили Д. Р. , Проценко С. А. , Рыжова М. В. , Семенова А. И.
Published: December 2024

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Метастатическое поражение центральной нервной системы
Authors: Насхлеташвили Д. Р. , Банов С. М. , Бекяшев А. Х. , Голанов А. В. , Зайцев А. М. , Кобяков Г. Л. , Пронин А. И. , Смолин А. В.
Published: December 2024

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Рак анального канала и кожи перианальной области
Authors: Гордеев С. С. , Бесова Н. С. , Мамедли З. З. , Рыбаков Е. Г. , Федянин М. Ю. , Черных М. В.
Published: December 2024

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Нейроэндокринные неоплазии желудочно-кишечного тракта и поджелудочной железы
Authors: Артамонова Е. В. , Горбунова В. А. , Делекторская В. В. , Емельянова Г. С. , Любимова Н. В. , Маркович А. А. , Жуликов Я. А.
Published: December 2024

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Рак молочной железы
Authors: Тюляндин С. А. , Артамонова Е. В. , Жигулев А. Н. , Жукова Л. Г. , Королева И. А. , Пароконная А. А. , Семиглазова Т. Ю. , Стенина М. Б. , Фролова М. А.
Published: December 2024

В данном разделе указаны критерии оценки клинической значимости применения дорогостоящей противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии в соответствии со шкалой, разработанной экспертной группой (стр. 6). В тексте они обозначены, как магнитуда клинической значимости (МКЗ).
Рак шейки матки
Authors: Хохлова С. В. , Кравец О. А. , Морхов К. Ю. , Нечушкина В. М. , Саевец В. В. , Румянцев А. А. , Ульрих Е. А.
Published: December 2024

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Почечноклеточный рак
Authors: Волкова М. И. , Носов Д. А. , Алексеев Б. Я. , Гладков О. А. , Матвеев В. Б.
Published: December 2024

В данном разделе указаны критерии оценки клинической значимости применения дорогостоящей противоопухолевой лекарственной терапии в соответствии со шкалой, разработанной экспертной группой (стр. 6). В тексте они обозначены, как магнитуда клинической значимости (МКЗ).
Меланома кожи
Authors: Строяковский Д. Л. , Абдулоева Н. Х. , Демидов Л. В. , Жукова Н. В. , Новик А. В. , Орлова К. В. , Самойленко И. В. , Харкевич Г. Ю. , Утяшев И. А. , Юрченков А. Н.
Published: December 2024

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Dementia in football/soccer players: professional resistance to a new cause of neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Williams Donald
Published: December 2024

Football is popular world wide, and in the U.S. the sport is known as soccer. This game consists of two teams of eleven players using a spherical ball. Dementia, a tragic progressive neurodegenerative disease has been recognised in boxing for over a century, and this paper explores its emergence in football. Heading the ball is a feature of the game, producing repetitive subconcussive brain injuries.

Dementia in football/soccer only emerged at the end of the 20th century in Scotland. The author had been alerted to the issue in 1981; his observational study, including some neuropathological findings, of 14 players was eventually published in 2017. This was the first study in the world to show a link between football and the development of dementia.

The difficulties of getting the results published, including the vulnerability of the brain to repetitive subconcussive injuries, are described and the resistance to the idea is explored. These include the conservative nature of the medical profession, the rigidity of Evidence Based Medicine and the role of Paul McCrory. These negative attitudes delayed the development of a more enlightened dementia management and prevention strategy in football.
Effects of High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation (HFCWO) on Clinical Symptoms in COPD
Authors: Solomon George
Published: December 2024

Background: Mucociliary clearance plays a critical role in pulmonary host defense. Abnormal mucociliary clearance contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders, including COPD. In bronchiectasis, treatments targeting mucus obstruction in the airways include the use of high frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) therapy. This prospective outcome based study was designed to investigate the changes in symptoms and quality of life (QOL) to measure the effect of adjunctive HFCWO therapy to standard of care therapy for patients with COPD.

Research Question: When HFCWO is indicated and used as intended, will the quality of life for those patients with COPD improve and sustain improvement.

Study Design and Methods: We conducted a prospective, openl-label, observational study in COPD patients without concomitant bronchiectasis. Participants had assessments of QOL at baseline (day 0) and then at 30 and 90 days after initiation of HFCWO therapy. The St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD Patients (SGRQ-C) was employed and longitudinally followed at each timepoint. Paired t-tests were used to compare means between each time points adjusted for multiple comparisons. A linear mixed model for the analysis of longitudinal data was then constructed to determine the simultaneous contribution of race, gender, ethnicity, time, and selected interactions in the primary outcome of change in SGRQ-C across 0, 30, and 90 days .

Results: The cohort of patients (n=102) demonstrated a significant reduction in the SGRQ-C at 30 and sustained at 90 days compared to baseline. In addition, two component scores of the SGRQ-C questionnaire (“Symptoms” and Impacts”) were significantly reduced at 30 and 90 days.

Interpretation: This prospective, observational study demonstrates statistically significant and clinically favorable responses to HFCWO as an adjunctive therapy for patients with a primary diagnosis of COPD without concomitant bronchiectasis. Results of this study inform the design of additional additional studies of HFCWO to prove efficacy inCOPD patients.
Global Health in the Grip of Neoliberalism: A Combined Retrospective Comparative Stages Heuristic Policy Analysis
Authors: Mataria Wafa , Chun Sungsoo
Published: December 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic revealed critical weaknesses in global health systems, many of which have roots in the neoliberal policies that have dominated global health governance since the 1980s. Neoliberalism, characterized by market-driven policies, privatization, and reduced government intervention, has profoundly impacted healthcare access, equity, and quality worldwide.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the impact of neoliberal reforms on health systems in various countries, focusing on the interplay between governance, policy formulation, and stewardship in the health sector. By examining the outcomes of these reforms, the study seeks to understand how different approaches to neoliberalism have shaped health system performance and equity.

Methods: The study employs the Stages Heuristic Model (SHM) to conduct a retrospective comparative analysis of health policy reforms in ten countries, including the United States, Chile, New Zealand, Ecuador, and China. The research synthesizes data from peer-reviewed articles to assess the outcomes of neoliberal policies on healthcare systems.

Results: The analysis reveals that in countries such as the United States and Chile, neoliberal reforms led to increased health inequities and a tiered healthcare system, where access to quality care became increasingly dependent on socioeconomic status. In contrast, countries like Taiwan, which balanced neoliberal reforms with strong public health initiatives, managed to maintain more equitable health systems. China and Venezuela, both of which initially adopted more interventionist healthcare policies, made notable early strides in improving access to healthcare and addressing inequities, particularly for underserved populations. However, Venezuela's progress was undermined by economic challenges and insufficient support for higher-level care, leading to a decline in health outcomes over time.

Conclusion: The study underscores the need for governance models that prioritize equity and public health in healthcare systems. It suggests that while neoliberal policies can drive economic efficiency, they often do so at the cost of health equity, necessitating a re-evaluation of global health governance and policy approaches.
Failure of a proprietary fluorescent in situ hybridization assay to detect M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in archived frozen brain from patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Greenstein Robert , Fam Peter , Brown Sheldon
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic, enigmatic, progressive central nervous system “inflammatory” disease, with no know etiology. As with other “inflammatory” diseases there is the possibility that a cryptic infectious trigger may play a role in initiating Multiple Sclerosis. M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes Johne’s disease in ruminants and may be an infectious trigger in Crohn’s disease.

In this study, frozen archived brains from patients with Multiple Sclerosis, pure culture of multiple bacteria and circulating WBCs were assayed with proprietary (AffymetrixÔ RNA view®) Tissue and Cell fluorescent in situ hybridization assay for MAP RNA.

Results: Repetitively, false positive signal was observed in the “No-Probe” negative control. Despite advice from the technical staff at Affymetrix, multiple experimental modifications could not prevent positive signal in the “No-Probe” negative control.

When studying human white blood cells under specific storage conditions, we observe positive signal with human house-keeping genes, when no signal is seen in the No-Probe controls.

Conclusions: We conclude, that when performed according to manufactures instructions and with multiple variations on the manufactures recommended suggestions to correct for false positive signal, that the AffymetrixÔ RNA view® TISSUE assay cannot be used to detect M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pre-frozen brains of humans with Multiple Sclerosis. In contrast, using the AffymetrixÔ RNA view Cell fluorescent in situ hybridization system, evaluating human white blood cells, we reliably identify human house-keeping genes. This indicates that the Cell fluorescent in situ hybridization assay may be useful when evaluating circulating cells for specific pathogens.
The Thyroid Abscess Camoflague- A Unique Case of Thyroid Abscess with Medullary Carcinoma Thyroid
Authors: TS Athira , Sampathkumar Geethalakshmi , Kala K. , Rajkumar Rajkumar
Published: December 2024

Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare infectious disease of the thyroid gland. Its onset is generally sudden, and the clinical picture progresses very rapidly. It represents less than 1% of all thyroid diseases and if untreated, could potentially become a life-threatening endocrine emergency. Herein, we report a rare case of thyroid abscess with underlying Medullary thyroid carcinoma in an elderly male who presented with poorly controlled diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and urosepsis. During his treatment, an incidental thyroid abscess was detected, which we managed successfully with intravenous antibiotics and aspiration of pus. Upon discharge, on regular follow-up, we noted a calcified nodule adjacent to the resolved abscess. Fine Needle Aspiration suggested it was a malignant lesion and he underwent a total thyroidectomy. Histopathological Examination revealed it as Medullary thyroid carcinoma. Recognizing the significant impact of this case on clinical decisions and patient prognosis, a delay in diagnosis might have endangered our patient's life. We believe this to be a rare presentation of such an association, reporting for the first time in literature.
The kidney distribution system for transplantation in Chile explained according to Game Theory: How theoretical generosity is transformed into real selfishness
Authors: Cohens Francisca , Bulboa Camila , Fuenzalida Fernando
Published: December 2024

Context: There is a huge mismatch between demand and supply of organs for transplantation, particularly kidneys. Their allocation system in Chile delivers one kidney to the procuring institution and the second to another national institution; policy designed seeking to stimulate procurement in transplant institutions.

Objectives: Evaluate whether this policy has been effective for increasing nationwide organ donation and procurement rates in procuring centers, whether their behavior is aligned with the local / pool kidney allocation system, and whether the policy has contributed to increasing equity in access to kidney transplantation.

Methods: We obtained the origin of all organ donors between 2010-2020 from public records, separating them by private or public institutions, and matched those organs with the corresponding information from the centers that implanted them, and used descriptive statistics, t-student tests, and linear regressions over time for analysis. We performed an economic analysis of the costs of procuring a kidney for transplantation, for which we gathered the public static prices, and a sample of the 5 largest private transplantation facilities’ prices.

Results: We found no significant increase in the total number of organ donors in the country during the studied period, and the mild increase observed was due to the addition of new public centers to the system. We observed that private institutions are increasing their participation in the transplant market and they do so at the expense of public institutions and without increasing their contribution of organs to the system, because of the high cost of procuring compared to the cost of transferring a kidney.

Conclusions: This behavior can be framed within the Game Theory, specifically the Tragedy of the Commons, describing that the players maximize their benefit at the expense of the rest without considering the subsequent consequences, which leads to an imbalance between demand and supply of organs for transplantation that worsens over time and lengthens waiting lists.
Utility of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale in Understanding Stuttering Issues
Authors: Kikuchi Yoshikazu , Maguire Gerald , Murakami Daisuke , Yamaguchi Yumi , Nakagawa Takashi , Umezaki Toshiro
Published: December 2024

Background: Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder that can significantly affect quality of life. Among adults who seek consultations for stuttering, 40–60% have comorbid social anxiety disorder (SAD). The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) has been developed to assess the severity of SAD, while the overall assessment of the speaker’s experience of stuttering for adults (OASES-A) questionnaire can measure the broader impact of stuttering. However, some medical professionals lack knowledge of such questionnaires.

Aims: Here, we aimed to investigate the correlation between the severity of stuttering and the OASES-A, and between the OASES-A and the LSAS.

Methods: Overall, 51 adults who stutter were included in this study. Stuttering frequency was assessed using a Japanese test, whereas the OASES-A questionnaire captured the comprehensive impact of stuttering on the participants’ lives. The LSAS was used to measure the severity of social anxiety. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the variables.

Results: The average stuttering frequency was 10%, and the mean OASES-A total score was 2.86. The mean total LSAS score was 51.5. While no significant correlation was found between stuttering frequency and OASES-A total scores, a significant correlation was noted between LSAS and OASES-A total scores.

Conclusion: This study found that stuttering frequency did not correlate with the OASES-A. Notably, a novel moderate correlation was identified between OASES-A and LSAS total scores. The LSAS may help to evaluate the challenges faced by people who stutter when the OASES-A is unavailable.