bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing management applied to railway transport enterprises: ways of disclosing the potential
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chornopyska Natalia , Stasiuk K.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: to form a general understanding of marketing management level in regard to railway transport enterprises (carriers). Methodology. Empirical methods were used to achieve the research purpose, namely, a survey of enterprise managers representing the rail freight transportation market. Data collection tool used – Google Form questionnaire including 6 thematic question blocks (33 questions in total). The questionnaire incorporated questions of a different nature, namely: open, closed, alternative, ranking, attitude scale, rating scale, importance scale. Communication between the respondent and the researchers was carried out online using e-mail (30 %), Facebook (50 %), LinkedIn (20 %). Findings. The research conducted proved railway freight transport market enterprises are focused on the cargo, and not on the client; despite accumulated problems characterizing the industry, the rail freight transport market of Ukraine remains attractive for investment; modern realities demand all the spheres of economy to demonstrate considerable level of flexibility – information technology implementation proved to be vital now; innovations play a significant role in the industry development and have a significant impact on the efficiency and image of both the industry and the country. Practical implications. The results this study provides are of particular interest to the railway transport market enterprise managers seeking to improve their marketing strategy compliance with modern conditions and to strengthen their competitive position on the market. In addition, the results provide stakeholders with ability of improving the marketing communication tools used to build and maintain B2B interactions in the rail freight market. Value. The study presents marketing research results along in-depth analysis indicating existence of a rationale for increased attention to marketing management of enterprises, implementation of effective marketing and logistics mechanisms, as well as increased attention to digitalization in the conditions of railway freight transportion market liberalization.
Development prospects for the Ukrainian road market for cargo transport - SWOT / TOWS analysis
Authors:   Poznan University of Technology, Wyrwicki Christopher , Redmer Adam ,   Poznan University of Technology
Published: December 2022

The article presents a strategic analysis of the Ukrainian road haulage market for the pre-war period and in the perspective of its end, ie for the post-war period. For this purpose, the analysis covered areas such as the market itself, mainly demand and rolling stock, as well as its environment, here national and international legal regulations and infrastructure. However, for the post-war period, the potential scale of damage was taken into account, as well as the declared material aid from other countries, as well as the prospects for Ukraine's accession to the European Union. This allowed to outline possible changes in the functioning of the Ukrainian road transport market. On this basis, the SWOT / TOWS analysis was performed for both analyzed periods. The analysis was performed using the SWOT / TOWS methodology in a quantitative version, i.e. including the number, assessment and weight of individual strategic factors and their interactions. This version of the analyzes made it possible to determine the directions of strategic development of the market in question for both analyzed periods. The basic results of the analyzes showed that before the war, the Ukrainian road haulage market was dominated by threats, while after the war, opportunities will be the leading factors. In this way, the war may nevertheless positively affect the external environment of the market in question. On the other hand, the market itself was and will remain internally characterized by weaknesses, although their intensity will decrease. After the war, its weaknesses should still turn out to be the key factors for the Ukrainian road haulage market, but not threats, but opportunities. Such a balance of forces, this is the influence of interactions between weaknesses and opportunities, indicates a change of strategy from mini-mini to mini-maxi, i.e. from a defensive strategy to a competitive one. The Ukrainian road haulage market after the war will therefore be a better environment for conducting business related to transport than before the war. Weaknesses will result from the consequences of military operations (one-way transport, from west to east, and disproportions in the transport work performed and the weight of transported loads between regions), as well as pre-war negligence (high average age of the rolling stock).
The role of consignment note in rail transport chains
Authors:   Kozminski University, Antonowich M. , Oleksiy O. ,   Organization for Cooperation of Railways
Published: December 2022

International Railway Organizations functioning in the world such as e.g. e.g. the International Committee on Rail Transport (CIT), the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF), the Organisation for Railway Cooperation (OSJD) and are actively working and cooperating to improve the functioning of international rail transport and rail transport chains. Their main task is to strive to promote, cooperate, develop, improve and facilitate international rail transport as a means of transport that can meet the challenges of mobility and sustainable development. The aim is to strive for continuous improvement of rail transport by simplifying border procedures and harmonising transport documents. A special feature is the common consignment note of CIT and OSJD organizations, i.e. the CIM/SMGS waybill. The aim of the article is to indicate the role of the basic transport document, i.e. the consignment note, in the development of modern international rail transport. The consignment note is an important document in international transport. The article is based on the analysis of available sources, research conducted by the World Customs Organization and experience in the field of its implementation in the practice of business activity of entities of the rail transport market.
Features of the export of certified dairy products to the European Union countries in the conditions of Russian aggression in Ukraine
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dvulit Zoriana , Komarenska Z. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2022

The article attempts to investigate the peculiarities of exporting domestically produced dairy products to the European Union countries in the conditions of full-scale invasion and aggression of the occupier of russia. It caused colossal moral and material losses and damages for Ukraine, including for all sectors of the economy and infrastructural sectors of the economy. Among other sectors of the economy, the production of dairy products in the structure of food production suffered significant damage. Like many other Ukrainian enterprises, dairy producers have faced many challenges and problems related to exporting their products. The assessment of the state of the study of this problem made it possible to conclude that there is an objectively small number of scientific publications for the year 2022 devoted to this topic. However, for this research, it is necessary to rely on the opinions, recommendations, and visions of experts in the dairy industry and stakeholders, taking into account the daily changes in the situation not only in Ukraine but also on the world stage. The work highlights the main principles and rules to which dairy products exported to the EU must comply. It was indicated in which cases dairy products cannot be legally presented on the market of EU countries or are prohibited at all. Within the framework of this study, to implement the tasks set in the work, the justification of the choice of dairy products under code 0402 “Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter,” was carried out. The export structures of Ukrainian producers of certified dairy products are analyzed by geographical and commodity structures according to 2016-2021. In the example of one commodity item 040210 for 2021, the value of the export potential of Ukraine and its producers of dairy products is given. The assessment of the potential makes it possible to state that russia's aggression not only destroys entirely or partly the dairy companies but also its potential, deepening the consequences of the global food crisis. The main problems and current challenges in the export of dairy products are outlined, and the primary vectors for the development of the export of Ukrainian dairy products to the EU countries are proposed.
Moral Courage as a Moderation of the Influence of Internal Auditor's Characteristics on the Effectiveness of Internal Audit
Authors: Betri  , Murwaningsih Etty , Umar Haryono , Mayangsari Sekar
Published: December 2022

Purpose - To examine the influence of internal auditor characteristics on the effectiveness of internal audit with moral courage as a moderating variable in the banking industry in South Sumatra and Jakarta. Design / methodology / approach - The data analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by implementing the rule of thumb assessing Convergent Validity, Discriminant Validity, Reliability, F test hypothesis testing, Coefficient of Determination (R2), Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) and t test. Findings - The results showed: Characteristics of Internal Auditors, Moral Courage has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of internal audit. Moral courage weakens the influence of the characteristics of internal auditors on the effectiveness of internal audit. Internal auditors have a weak attitude of moral courage by considering concurrent positions. Practical implications - The characteristics of the Internal Auditor must refer to the attributes that must be possessed by each internal auditor, among others; capability, integrity, objectivity, effective communication, proficiency, appropriate professional experience, as well as training and development as well as paying attention to strong locus of control and ethical awareness in audit assignments. Originality / value - In contrast to most previous studies, this study is located on indicators of the characteristics of internal auditors (integrity, capability, locus of control and ethical awareness). In addition, the second novelty lies in the effective role of internal audit in improving corporate governance, risk management and management control
Animal Viral Diseases Diagnosis In Qatar: Current Situation and Future Prospects
Authors: Enan Khalid A. , Al-Marri Abdulla M. , Al-Zeyara Abdul A. , El Hussein Abdel Rahim M.
Published: December 2022

Identification and control of viruses that causes diseases in human, domestic and wild animals represent continuous challenges to medical and veterinary sciences. Many diagnostic techniques have for a long time been used to identify individual infectious viral agents by their clinical signs , symptoms and  histopathological changes produced in the susceptible host. But it is not always possible to identify or differentiate the disease on the basis of its signs symptoms and pathology, it thus requires use of other specific diagnostic procedures to clearly identify and confirm the pathogens These procedures involve both conventional as well as state of the art techniques. Several conventional techniques such as isolation in cell culture, serology for both antibody and antigen detection are traditionally used to identify viral pathogens. However, the rapid molecular detection techniques of infectious agents in animals as well as in environment have nowadays become an essential part of any modern diagnostic laboratory. Molecular diagnostic technologies are more advantageous as they offer more sensitive, less time consuming, with high throughput results and provide accurate diagnosis and  provide thorough understanding of and discrimination of present and emerging diseases. In addition, these new tools can detect the presence of pathogen before the onset of clinical disease. Here we  discuss some  aspects of the current and contemplated diagnostic tools and their potential applications for diagnosis of  viral diseases of domestic and wild animals in Qatar.
Uncertainty in case of lack of information: extrapolating data over time, with examples of climate forecast models
Authors: Pavese Franco
Published: December 2022

The basic scientific tool for predicting is called a “forecast model”, a mathematical model underpinned by observations. Generally, it is the evolution of some parameters of the present-day law(s) over time that are considered of fundamental importance in a specific case. The relevant available data are obviously limited to the past period of time, which is admittedly a limited period in most cases, when the law in question is considered valid and verified with sufficient precision − while no direct information is available about the future trend. A mathematical (set of) function(s) is extrapolated ahead over time to show present and next generations what they should be supposed to observe in the future. A problem arises from the fact that no (set of) mathematical function that could be used for a model is infinitely “flexible”, i.e. apt to “correctly” interpolate any cluster of data, and the less a data set is, the less the parameters of the function(s) are. A data consistency is considered good when there is a balance between a mere “copying” the behaviour over time (e.g. when a function has to follow a given profile) and a satisfactory “averaging” the behaviour, especially over longer periods of time, without “masking” changing points. Furthermore, the data uncertainty is an embellishment, which the information often lacks, provided with extrapolations. Instead of it, the data uncertainty must be taken into account, and appropriate information must always be provided, since the quality of the adjustment of the available data is crucial for the quality of the subsequent extrapolation. Therefore, the forecast should better consist of an area (typically increasing its width over time) where future determinations are assumed to fall within a given probability range. Thus, it should be perfectly clear that the extrapolation of the past data into the future, i.e. a current evaluation that can be propagated to next generations, is affected by a high risk and that careful precautions and limitations should be taken.
Pengembangan Souvenir Wisata Minangkabau Berbasis Human Centered Design di Nagari Kamang Mudiak Kecamatan Kamang Magek Kabupaten Agam Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Khairani Khairani , Mariya Sri , Putri Sri Kandi , Angraina Dilla
Published: December 2022

Nagari Kamang Mudiak merupakan salah satu lokasi objek wisata yang belum terekspos secara nasional, yaitu Tarusan Kamang. Namun, masyarakat Nagari Kamang Mudiak belum terlibat langsung dalam pengembangan objek Tarusan Kamang, sehingga wisatawan yang berkunjung hanya datang untuk melihat objek wisata saja. Padahal penting adanya ekonomi kreatif untuk menyuplai permintaan dan kebutuhan wisatawan, salah satunya souvenir wisata. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah menjadikan Nagari Kamang Mudiak sebagai Nagari Binaan UNP dengan tema Nagari Souvenir Minangkabau atau nagari yang kaya dengan souvenir khas Minangkabau, dengan menggunakan konsep Human Centered Design (HCD). Program yang ditawarkan tersebut sesuai dengan RIP UNP 2016-2020 dengan bidang Pemberdayaan Ekonomi.Kegiatan pelatihan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat wirausaha melalui memberikan pelatihan ketarmpilan souvenir wisata minangkabau berbasis human centered design di nagari Kamang Mudiak       Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan selama 2 tahun, dimana pada tahun 1 dilakukan pelatihan pembuatan yaitu pembuatan souvenir gantungan kunci dan pin, souvenir gelas, souvenir akrilik objek wisata, souvenir hiasan dinding, souvenir miniatur rumah adat, souvenir dari tempurung, souvenir dari songket dan souvenir miniatur jam gadang. Di samping itu untuk mendesain dan memproduksi kemasan semua produk Nagari Souvenir Minangkabau secara menarik dan memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Pada tahun 2, dilakukan promosi dan pemasaran produk yang sudah dibuat selama 1 tahun. Hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah 1) Terciptamya tenaga tenaga yang memliki  ketrampilan untuk berwirausaha di bidang souvenir nuansa mingkabau, 2) sebagian peserta pelatihan telah berwirausaha baik melalui online maupun langsung, 3) dibukanya pusat galeri untuk pemasaran produk peserta pelatihan, 4) berdasarkan hasil survey terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pelatihan ketrampilan terhadap minat wirausaha peserta pelatihan, 5) berdirinya pusat pelatihan ketrampilan bagi masyarakat Kamang Mudiak yang direncanakan kerjasama LP2M UNP dengan nagari Kamang Mudiak.
ANATOMICAL JUSTIFICATION FOR CUTTING POSTERIOR REGION OF ARM
Authors: Koval O.
Published: December 2022

In modern conditions, the need to review the tactics of combat shoulder injury treatment has increased. Sho ulder injuries often require open surgery. It is known that the choice of operative access plays an important role in the successful performance of medical and reconstructive manipulations. Deepening knowledge about the topographical and anatomical features of the posterior shoulder area will allow us to improve the approach to the implementation of existing surgical techniques, as well as to create a foundation for the development of modern surgical approaches.The purpose of the study was to substantiate the performance of the incisions of the posterior shoulder area, taking into account the peculiarities of the intramuscular distribution of nerves and arteries in human fetuses.The study was conducted on preparations of the upper limbs of 37 human fetuses of 4-10 months using macromicroscopic preparation and morphometry.To choose the optimal surgical access, it is necessary to take into account the individual anatomical features of the vessels and nerves of the back of the shoulder, ﬁ rst of all, the way they branch in the thickness of the triceps muscle of the shoulder. In the examined fetuses, the trunk form of the intramuscular branching of the radial nerve was found in the thickness of the lateral and long heads of the triceps muscle of the shoulder, and the mixed form – in the thickness of the medial head of this muscle. The high location of the entry points ofthe main nerves and vessels in the triceps muscle of the shoulder, their longitudinal course in the thickness of the muscle, and the highest concentration of branches in the proximal and middle parts of the triceps muscle of the shoulder were established. The intramuscular distribution of nerves and arteries of the triceps muscle of the shoulder, and its powerful belly, which is adjacent to the humerus along its entire length, allow it to be used for plastic purposes.Taking into account the established features of the fetal topography of the arteries and nerves of the muscles of the back of the shoulder, we consider cuts parallel to the longitudinal axis of the triceps muscle to be the least traumatic.
ANALYSIS OF THE LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF THE FRONTAL SINUSES OF ADULTS ACCORDING TO X-RAY DATA
Authors: Vasyliv M.-A. , Masna Z.
Published: December 2022

The study of the development, structure, topography, age dynamics, gender and constitutional features of the frontal sinuses today attracts the attention of not only otorhinolaryngologists, but also of related specialties specialists. The aim of our study was to determine the linear dimensions of the frontal sinuses in adults according to radiographic examination data and to analyze their age and gender characteristics. 40 X-rays of the heads of adults (22-60 years old) were processed, including 20 female and 20 male. All examinees were divided into age groups (under 35 years and after 35 years), 10 people in each. The sampling was formed by randomization. The examination was carried out on the X-ray machine Fujiﬁ lm FDR Nano in the Paranasal Sinus FRNT mode in the frontal projection. The width and height of the frontal sinuses and their symmetry were determined on the X-rays. Due to the variety of sinus shapes, only their maximum dimensions (in the widest and highest sections) were determined.On the basis of the X-rays analysis, it was established that the linear dimensions of the male frontal sinuses are higher than female, in exception of the height of the left frontal sinus in the age group after 35 years. All linear dimensions in persons of the second age group are lower than in persons of the ﬁ rst age group, in exception of the height of the right frontal male sinus. Mushroom- shaped sinuses have the largest linear dimensions, bulbous and bean-shaped sinuses have the smallest dimensions, trapezoidal sinuses are the most variable.
Advantages of simulative training in practice of practical skills and manipulations of future doctors
Authors: Kozlovska I.M. , Kolotylo O.B. , Kulachek Y.V. , Rusak O.B. , Marusyk U.I. , Smandych V.S.
Published: December 2022

Relevance. The problem of qualitative training of future doctors is an extremely important issue throughout the world and in Ukraine, including. To improve their practical skills and medical manipulations, they must be brought to ideal and automatism, which is possible due to modern methods of training in the conditions of the simulation center, due to the development of skills on standardized patients and simulators.Objective. To compare the quality of education and working out practical skills, manipulations and evaluate the efficiency of training using patients of medical institutions and mannequins or standardized patients in the center of simulation medicine.Material and methods. We compared the efficiency of working out practical skills, medical manipulations and ability to qualitatively apply them in practice, especially in providing emergency medical care to students of 5 and 6 courses.Results. It is not always possible to immediately establish direct contact with the patient, as opposed to a standardized patient, which extremely accurately demonstrates all complaints and positive symptoms that will allow to confirm the diagnosis. Students are not comfortable with the patient in the clinic or afraid to harm the patient and refuse to survey or conduct a certain skill, while on a mannequin or standardized patient without any fear, a practical skill can be repeated with the required number of times. At a standardized patient or virtual mannequin, a teacher can stop a student at any stage of execution, indicate an error or once again explain the technique of manipulation, and a student may repeat a few times, bringing it to full automatism. Another extremely important advantage of simulating learning is the opportunity at the requested moment, and not when there is a suitable patient in the clinic, to create, simulate and beat the desired situation. This is especially important when working out emergency care skills in conditions that are menacing.

Conclusion. The medical education process must be effective and secure for all participants, specially patients, which is possible only due to simulation centers. Of course, the development of practical skills and manipulations in the simulating center allows to improve traditional types of education, pay more attention to handling skills, allowing, realizing and correcting mistakes, analyze the situation and draw conclusions.
Morphological reorganization of periodontic tissues under experimental opioid influence for twelve weeks
Authors: Fik V.B. , Savka I.I. , Matkivska R.M. , Masna Z.Z. , Paltov Ye.V.
Published: December 2022

Peculiarities of pathomorphological changes of periodontal components of rats under the long-term opioid influence during twelve weeks in the experiment have been studied.Objective – to determine the features of structural changes in the tissues of the periodontal complex of rats under conditions of long-term experimental action of opioids for twelve weeks.Methods. Adult male rats were administered the opioid analgesic nalbuphine for 12 weeks, in gradually increasing doses every 2 weeks. The initial dose was 0.212 mg / kg, 11-12 weeks - 0.3 mg / kg. Components of the dental organ of the upper and lower jaws of rats were used as material for histological examination. Sampling was performed at the end of week 12 of the experiment.Results. On histological preparations in the epithelium of the gums thinning, ulcers, desquamation, as well as the presence of areas of necrosis and inflammatory infiltrates were determined. Microscopic examinations of the epithelium of the free part of the gums in the gingival sulcus revealed foci of necrosis, accumulation of purulent bodies, damage to the epithelium of attachment and defragmentation of circular periodontal fibers, which led to the formation of periodontal pockets. Destruction of collagen fibers, purulent bodies, fibrinoid edema and fibrinoid necrosis were noted in the own plate. In the constituent components of the periodontium, the destruction of fibers with detachment from the connective tissue membrane of the dental cell, as well as signs of mucoid edema were determined. In the connective tissue of the periodontium observed thrombosis and stasis due to the coordination of blood cells, excessive proliferation of microvessels, diapedetic hemorrhage, which led to the progression of hypoxia.Conclusions. The experimental action of the opioid for 12 weeks revealed alternative changes, which were due to the deepening of dystrophy, necrosis of the soft tissues of the periodontium and severe hemomicrocirculation. Diffuse progression of the inflammatory-dystrophic process was due to insufficient activity of reparative processes, which indicated the irreversible nature of changes in the periodontium, which developed against the background of chronic opioid exposure.
Mastering Modern Board Game Design to Build New Learning Experiences: the MBGTOTEACH Framework
Authors: Sousa Micael
Published: December 2022

Games have proven to be engaging tools for learning. Digital games dominate, but analog games are not obsolete. Modern board games provide new opportunities for teachers. This paper proposes the MBGTOTEACH framework as an introduction and ongoing process for teachers to use, adapt, and develop modern board games for learning purposes. This framework aims to help teachers profit from these games to build their game-based approaches. The MBGTOTEACH framework was tested during two sessions with teachers and education researchers. It increased the awareness of the potential of game-based learning and the design characteristics of modern board games. Sessions results show that participants might need a more solid game culture and experiences to recognize how to explore games’ potential. Modifying and developing new learning games based on modern board games is not achieved rapidly, although recognizing the games’ potential in introducing sessions is achievable.
THE FORMATION OF BOHDAN KHAVARIVSKYI AS PERSONALITY, SOCIAL, POLITICAL, CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL FIGURE (THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY – THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)
Authors: Buyak Halyna
Published: December 2022

This article attempts to investigate the development of Bohdan Khavarivskyi as a philologist, teacher, archivist, local historian, artist, personality, public-political and cultural-educational figure in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. This significant list of his interests testifies to this person's uniqueness, comprehensiveness, and talent. Based on the analysis of archival materials, it was found that the formation of B. Khavarivskyi took place in the traditions of family upbringing, his parents and teachers who encouraged him to draw, write poems, recite, and sing was an example to follow in childhood. Bohdan-Roman was a comprehensively gifted individual who could realize his talents later in life. His activities were traced during his studies at the philological faculty of Chernivtsi State University. He attended the literary studio named after Stepan Budny, designed and edited its handwritten newspapers "Sunny Clarinets" and "Vesely Ostap," and gave speeches at scientific conferences. Acquaintance with famous Ukrainian science and culture figures from Chernivtsi contributed to his formation as a mature personality with an active life position and deep national convictions. It has been proven that the beginnings of his pedagogical work were connected to his teaching activities in a rural school in the Ternopil region. Over time, Bohdan Khavarivskyi worked as an educator in the dormitory of Ternopil Technical School № 2. Also, as a teacher at Ternopil Special Vocational Technical School № 3. It was found that the center of the future writer's organization, a professional center of artists, free from the restrictions of the standards of socialist realism, was formed in this educational institution. Subsequently, he was a senior researcher at the Ternopil Regional State Archives, a teacher at the Ternopil State Pedagogical Institute, the head of the public education department of the Ternopil Regional Executive Committee, the director of the State Archives of the Ternopil Region. It is known that he thoroughly mastered the subjects he taught. He practiced original modern forms and teaching methods, involved pupils and students in Ukrainian and world cultural achievements, and worked in close contact with the Ternopil Art Gallery, the Ternopil Museum of Local History, and the creative organizations of the city. He organized fine art weeks and involved artists from Ternopil and Lviv in exhibitions of paintings and graphics.
WOMEN IN THE HISTORY OF THE EARLY MODERN TIME – OUTSTANDING PERSONALITIES OF THE DRUGETH FAMILY
Authors: Zubanych Laslov , Balla Ester
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to today's actual problem - the analysis of the role of women of noble origin in early modern times in the socio-political and socio-economic relations of the northeastern part of the Hungarian kingdom. Although the study of gender (women's) history has recently gained momentum and become popular, this problem has been little studied in Ukrainian and Hungarian historical science and requires further research. The article presents an analysis of historical documents from the 16th to the first half of the 17th century with a special emphasis on the female characters of the Drugeth family. During the writing of the article, the author encountered various problems, including lack of basic biographical data. The problem is also the fact that the available data are incomplete and contradictory, and the family (genealogical) trees are compiled incorrectly, so the author proposes to introduce a new, refined version of the Drugeth genealogy into scientific circulation. Further archival research enables the author to slowly but surely write a more plausible history of the family. The article summarizes the study new aspects of the family history through the unknown (or yet published) moments of the life path of the Drugeth women (Anna Báthory, Erzsébet Perényi, Margit Zrínyi, Fruzsina Török, Erzsébet Rákóczi, Fruzsina Dóczy) and new give aspects of the family's history, and characteristics of their impact on socio-political, economic and religious changes in the region through the prism of Hungarian legislation. In our opinion, thanks to the research, we made an additional contribution to the study of some unknown fragments of the history of the Drugeth family. The article analyzes the concept of Transcarpathian historians regarding the decisive influence of aristocratic women on the religious practice (religious conversion) of noble families during the Reformation and then the Counter-Reformation. It has been proven that Drugeth women had a significant influence on their environment, including on the formation of socio-political and socio-economic relations. In our opinion, during the writing of the article, an additional contribution was made to the study of unknown fragments of the history of the Drugeth family.
THE PROBLEM OF CONSTITUTIONAL REGULATION OF CZECH-SLOVAK RELATIONS IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA IN 1946 – 1948
Authors: Shnitser Ihor
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of the constitutional regulation of Czech-Slovak relations in Czechoslovakia from 1946 to 1948. The lower chronological limit of the publication is dictated by the adoption of the third Prague Agreement, which essentially turned Czechoslovakia into a unitary state with a strong central government, but at the same time preserved elements of an asymmetric administrative-territorial system. Adopting the new Constitution determines the upper chronological limit of the article on May 9, 1948, which proclaimed the Czechoslovak People's Democratic Republic as a single state of two equal peoples, Czechs, and Slovaks still failed to resolve the Slovak question. The research methodology in the article is based on general scientific and special scientific methods, which allowed the author to avoid inconsistency, imprecision, and detachment from the objective historical process during the research. The article analyzes the views and projects of the leading parties of the Third Czechoslovak Republic on the solution to the Slovak question in the state through the constitutional regulation of Czech-Slovak relations. The author states that the Czech (Czechoslovak) political parties advocated a return to the unitary system. At the same time, the Slovak Democratic Party in 1946-1948 remained a supporter of the reconstruction of Czechoslovakia on a federal basis. The article finds out that the usurpation of power by the communists due to the February coup d'état of 1948 was the decisive factor that influenced the constitutional settlement of Czech-Slovak relations in Czechoslovakia, based on Marxist-Leninist principles, the specific forms of the state system of the Czechs and Slovaks. Of course, under such circumstances, it was impossible to talk about the final solution to the Slovak question in Czechoslovakia.
THE CASE OF THE POLISH MILITARY ORGANIZATION OF THE 1930S IN MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Radchenko Nataliia
Published: December 2022

The article examines the historiographical work devoted to the persecution of persons of Polish nationality in the Ukrainian SSR within the Polish Military Organization (PMO) case. Ukrainian, Russian and Polish scholars have tried to reconsider the events of that time, overcoming the remnants of the old bias. The purpose of the study is a historiographical analysis of the process and results of research on the PMO case in the 1930s. The research methods used in the article were selected under the purpose and based on the principle of historicism. They are represented by the general scientific analysis method and special scientific historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods. The application of these methods allowed us to consistently trace the process of formation and development of historical knowledge on the studied issues. The periodization of the government's punitive and repressive policy towards Polish nationals within the PMO case in the 1930s was first proposed. It has been established that Ukrainian, Polish, and Russian scholars have studied the causes, forms, and consequences of the Soviet government's punitive and repressive policies toward Poles within the PMO case and have formed and published a significant corpus of sources. The events were traced to the processes of rehabilitation of convicts and the study of the fate of the families of Polish detainees. It should be noted that the research has great social significance as historians aim to form a public consciousness of the condemnation of Stalin's crimes and the impossibility of an acquittal policy regarding them. Several tasks have been identified that require further research efforts by scientists from different countries.
SEALS AND COATS OF ARMS OF MUKACHEVO IN THE RESEARCH OF OLEKSIY FILIPPOV
Authors: Miskov Ivan
Published: December 2022

In this article, the author tried to analyze and evaluate Oleksiy Filippov's research on the seal and coat of arms of the city of Mukachevo, which became his second homeland. Since 2002, he has been visiting the State Archives of the Transcarpathian Region in Berehovo weekly to find documents about Mukachevo's seals and coat of arms. The researcher was interested in the figure of St. Martin. He printed his first articles about the city coat of arms of Mukachevo in the local periodical press. He was one of the first to publish the charter of the Hungarian Queen Elizabeth, dated May 22, 1376. With this document, the settlers of the Munkach villa (Mukachevo) were granted the right to use a seal with the image of St. Martin. In researching the Mukachevo coat of arms, O. Filippov was interested in the following questions: 1. When exactly should the Day of Mukachevo be celebrated - from the time of issuing a seal with the image of St. Martin?; 2. What should Mukachevo's coat of arms be?; 3. What colour solution of this coat of arms? O. Filippov, while working as a journalist for the newspaper «Stariy Zamok,» tried to return the historical coat of arms of the city - St. Martin on a horse. Instead, his proposals were ignored, and as a result, Mukachevo today has a coat of arms with the figure of a priest but with the legend of St. Martin on a horse, next to which is a beggar (a sword and half a cloak in a shield held by a priest). According to O. Filippov, the day of the city should be celebrated on May 22. In 2012, as a result of long-term research, he published the work «Under the Cloak of St. Martin (History of the Coat of Arms of the City of Mukachevo 1376-1943». In this work, O. Filippov described 24 seals of the city of Mukachevo: 14 of them belong to the period of the Kingdom of Hungary, the Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Empires (1376, 1652, 1816, 1844, 1872, 1873, 1902 (6),1914, 1914 – 1916), 8 to the period of Subcarpathian Rus of the Czechoslovak Republic (1919, 1920, 1923 (2), 1925, 1928, 1929, 1933), 2 to the period of the Hungarian Kingdom (1938, 1943). O. Filippov planned further to study the seals and coat of arms of Mukachevo, but his premature death prevented this.
Musical Symbols in the Opera The Three Sisters by Péter Eötvös
Authors:   University Lecturer PhD, Institute of Music, University of Nyíregyháza, Hungary. Email: sinka.krisztina@nye.hu., Sinka Krisztina
Published: December 2022

"Opera, as a stage and acting genre, also uses theatrical elements (costumes, dramaturgy, etc.) to convey the work. Opera composers typically use musical symbols as well. I collected these devices of Péter Eötvös’ best-known opera in my study based on literature research. Dramaturgically divided into three sequences, the work always examines its relationship with the other two central figures from the point of view of the central figure of the given part. One of the musical cornerstones of this is changing the internal relationships of triads. The two extreme notes of the triad are always constant (distance of a fifth), but the note located between them characterizes not only the quality of the chord, but also the state of the character connected to it. The unstable balance and reorganization of relationships is well represented by this construction principle. The author also uses the third-parallel, known since Mozart, as a classical musical representation of love. The choices of instrument also have symbolic power. The Prozorov family is represented by the group of woodwind instruments. A kind of irony on the part of the author is the use of cow bells to depict the behavior of the disgusting and unbearable Natasha. Soldiers are naturally represented by brass. Although Solioniy is a soldier, he is not accompanied by brass instruments, but by percussionists, hinting at his personality. The characters speak in different ways of the human voice. From prose to sung speech through to the melodies, there are all kinds of expressions of emotion. Keywords: Péter Eötvös, opera, Three Sisters, libretto, musical symbolism, triad, third-parallels, instrumental symbolism, prose, sung speech, song "
Constraint and Freedom. Kodály: Children’s Dances and 24 Little Canons on the Black Keys
Authors:   Music Department, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary. Email: varady.krisztina@uni-eszterhazy.hu., Várady Krisztina
Published: December 2022

"The main goal of the article is to examine the constraints and freedom of the composer while using exclusively the notes of the pentatonic scale. For this purpose, we present Kodály’s two piano cycles written on the black keys from different perspectives. In connection with the cycle 24 Little Canons on the Black Keys the use of one-line letter notation pieces in solfege lessons will be introduced. From the other cycle, Children’s Dances, we analyze pieces in which elements from Hungarian folk music or verbunkos can be detected. Keywords: Kodály method, pentatonic scale, piano pieces, Hungarian folk music "
In Search of “The More Important” in String Quartet no. 1 by Dieter Acker
Authors:   Scientific researcher PhD, Department of Musicology, Faculty of Music Theory, Gheorghe Dima National Academy of Music, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: iulia.mogosan@amgd.ro., Mogoșan Iulia
Published: December 2022

"Dieter Acker’s String Quartet No. 1 represents a turning point in the composer’s output, being an opus composed in his last year of study in Sigismund Toduță’s composition class (1964) and one which brought him international recognition, winning second prize at the 1966 Prague Spring International Festival. This study presents biographical, historical, and analytical aspects of the work which are reflected in its musical structure, revealing both a respect for the historical tradition of past centuries and the search for new orientations of the musical avant-garde. Through arguments related to the biography of the young Dieter Acker, trained under Franz Xaver Dressler and Sigismund Toduță, the study presents the unity of meaning and content that is directly reflected in String Quartet No. 1. Keywords: Dieter Acker, String Quartet No. 1, Sigismund Toduță, Anton Webern reception, Palindrome "
Desarrollos jurisprudenciales de la hipervulnerabilidad: las personas mayores en las relaciones de consumo
Authors: Lapenta Lucia Irene
Published: December 2022

Las personas mayores han sido reconocidas como ‹consumidores hipervulnerables› en los desarrollos doctrinarios, jurisprudenciales y normativos en materia de Derecho del Consumidor. No obstante ello, esta categoría especial de sub-consumidores (que incluye también otros colectivos como niños, mujeres, discapacitados, etc.) se encuentra en proceso de construcción. Por tal motivo, nos proponemos ahondar en los desarrollos jurisprudenciales sobre la hipervulnerabilidad, en miras a aportar algo de luz sobre la diversidad de criterios que se esconden detrás de esta noción que pretende incorporar un plus de protección, más allá de la presunción de debilidad que caracteriza a la figura del ‹consumidor medio›.
Créditos UVAs/UVIs, análisis desde la teoría general de los contratos y desde el derecho del consumidor
Authors: Leturia Mauro Fernando , Gochicoa Adrián E.
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad el análisis conceptual de la normativa vigente, como la reflexión sobre el “problema” que implican los créditos UVAs/UVIs y el sobre endeudamiento de los consumidores/usuarios de servicios financieros. El análisis se realiza desde la evolución conceptual del fundamento de la teoría general del contrato, el principio de continuidad del vínculo jurídico y la necesidad de readecuar los términos contractuales en los contratos de crédito de larga duración. También se analizará los criterios jurisprudenciales sobre la temática.
Hacia una necesaria desformalización de los procesos de insolvencia
Authors: Antonelli Michudis Gabriela
Published: December 2022

La ley 24.522 impone al deudor severos requisitos de acceso al régimen y luego, durante su sustanciación, sin distinción según el tamaño de la empresa insolvente. Si bien contiene dos artículos para los pequeños concursos y quiebras, no alcanzan a constituir un régimen diferenciado por lo que estos procesos son pasibles del mismo formalismo que se impone para la generalidad de los sujetos concursados. Esto representa un obstáculo en un país cuya base empresarial se compone principalmente de pequeñas empresas para quienes un sistema de insolvencia demasiado riguroso en sus aspectos formales tiende a desalentar su aplicación. Se plantea, como hipótesis, la necesidad de una reforma legislativa que simplifique la recomposición de pasivos y que recoja la experiencia adquirida durante el último bienio en el uso de recursos tecnológicos. Esta parece ser la tendencia que exhiben los criterios actuales de la doctrina y las reformas recientes de la legislación comparada.
Estudio dogmático del delito de uso indebido de los sistemas telefónicos de emergencia del Código Penal del Estado de Puebla, México
Authors: Nájera González Xavier
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo examina los elementos del  delito de uso indebido de los sistemas telefónicos de emergencia, tipificado en la legislación penal del Estado de Puebla, México. Así, se inicia con el estudio de los bienes jurídicos protegidos. Luego, se determina la conducta típica, que debe ir impregnada de dolo, pero sobre todo, de dos elementos subjetivos específicos, uno cognoscitivo y otro volitivo,  que le imprimen un toque de especificidad a dicha conducta. Todo ello, sin dejar de considerar los medios comisivos en que puede ejecutarse este tipo de injusto. Se finaliza, con el estudio de la punibilidad.
La fuerza de inercia en el sistema penal argentino
Authors: Di Giulio Gabriel Hernán
Published: December 2022

El sistema penal argentino, considerado desde una perspectiva orgánica e integral, exhibe una marcada tendencia dirigida a la prisionización, acelerada en la última década por diferentes fenómenos sociales, culturales y jurídicos. El “sistema” es tensionado por los múltiples reclamos frente a la violencia estructural, en sus diferentes expresiones. Las decisiones judiciales quedan comprometidas por las expectativas, que suelen observar inclinaciones maniqueas y operan como escrutadores del propio “sistema”. En su núcleo funcional, se han gestado respuestas que patentizan un “sentido” cuyo norte es el castigo. Las respuestas desencadenan una fuerza de inercia que conspira contra la propia independencia e imparcialidad judicial y pone en crisis a los demás principios de derecho que rigen, tradicionalmente, el juzgamiento penal. El presente trabajo propone reflexionar sobre la fuerza de inercia, como un fenómeno endógeno reestructurado del sistema penal argentino actual.
La idiosincrasia romana del patrimonio
Authors: Aramburu Romina del Valle
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo se realizó en el marco del proyecto de investigación J 178/20-22 de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se propone plasmar el resultado de una investigación histórica, social y jurídica en la que se busca desentrañar qué es lo que significaba patrimonium para los romanos en su romanitas como virtud esencial de la idiosincrasia romana, basándose en la recolección de doctrina y fuentes del derecho que nos permitan inferir la mentalidad romana vinculada al instituto que se analiza.
Some Properties of Two Integral Operators of a New Class of Univalent Functions Defined by a Linear Operator
Authors: Mohmmed Zainab Aodeh A.
Published: December 2022

The main object of this paper is to introduce and investigate an differential operator DZk+1+ηz of holomorphic function, and we determine conditions on the order of the functions in the class N such that the integral operators will be in this class .