bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Galectin Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Current Knowledge and Perspectives
Authors: Wdowiak Kamil , Francuz Tomasz , Gallego-Colon Enrique , Ruiz-Agamez Natalia , Kubeczko Marcin , Grochoła Iga , Wojnar Jerzy
Published: January 2018

The incidence and mortality of cancer have increased over the past decades. Significant progress has been made in understanding the underpinnings of this disease and developing therapies. Despite this, cancer still remains a major therapeutic challenge. Current therapeutic research has targeted several aspects of the disease such as cancer development, growth, angiogenesis and metastases. Many molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unknown and current therapies have so far failed to meet their intended potential. Recent studies show that glycans, especially oligosaccharide chains, may play a role in carcinogenesis as recognition patterns for galectins. Galectins are members of the lectin family, which show high affinity for β-galactosides. The galectin–glycan conjugate plays a fundamental role in metastasis, angiogenesis, tumor immunity, proliferation and apoptosis. Galectins’ action is mediated by a structure containing at least one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). The potential prognostic value of galectins has been described in several neoplasms and helps clinicians predict disease outcome and determine therapeutic interventions. Currently, new therapeutic strategies involve the use of inhibitors such as competitive carbohydrates, small non-carbohydrate binding molecules and antibodies. This review outlines our current knowledge regarding the mechanism of action and potential therapy implications of galectins in cancer.
Comparative Analysis of Different Platelet Lysates and Platelet Rich Preparations to Stimulate Tendon Cell Biology: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Klatte-Schulz Franka , Schmidt Tanja , Uckert Melanie , Scheffler Sven , Kalus Ulrich , Rojewski Markus , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Pruss Axel , Wildemann Britt
Published: January 2018

The poor healing potential of tendons is still a clinical problem, and the use of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) was hypothesized to stimulate healing. As the efficacy of PRPs remains unproven, platelet lysate (PL) could be an alternative with its main advantages of storage and characterization before use. Five different blood products were prepared from 16 male donors: human serum, two PRPs (Arthrex, (PRP-ACP); RegenLab (PRP-BCT)), platelet concentrate (apheresis, PC), and PL (freezing-thawing destruction of PC). Additionally, ten commercial allogenic PLs (AlloPL) from pooled donors were tested. The highest concentration of most growth factors was found in AlloPL, whereas the release of growth factors lasted longer in the other products. PRP-ACP, PRP-BCT, and PC significantly increased cell viability of human tenocyte-like cells, whereas PC and AlloPL increased Col1A1 expression and PRP-BCT increased Col3A1 expression. MMP-1, IL-1β, and HGF expression was significantly increased and Scleraxis expression decreased by most blood products. COX1 expression significantly decreased by PC and AlloPL. No clear positive effects on tendon cell biology could be shown, which might partially explain the weak outcome results in clinical practice. Pooled PL seemed to have the most beneficial effects and might be the future in using blood products for tendon tissue regeneration.
Synthesis of All Stereoisomers of 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-N-methyl-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxamide
Authors: Onda Momoko , Higashida Ayaka , Hirano Takako , Nishio Toshiyuki , Hakamata Wataru
Published: January 2018

In this study, all four stereoisomers of tryptoline or tetrahydro-β-carboline were synthesized in high yields by the catalyst-free amidation of methyl ester using methylamine under mild conditions. All isomers of the obtained amide and the precursor methyl ester were subjected to cell viability measurements on HeLa cells. The results indicated that the stereochemistry of the derivatives is clearly related to cell viability.
Bacillibactin and Bacillomycin Analogues with Cytotoxicities against Human Cancer Cell Lines from Marine Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00093 and PKU-MA00092
Authors: Zhou Mengjie , Liu Fawang , Yang Xiaoyan , Jin Jing , Dong Xin , Zeng Ke-Wu , Liu Dong , Zhang Yingtao , Ma Ming , Yang Donghui
Published: January 2018

Nonribosomal peptides from marine Bacillus strains have received considerable attention for their complex structures and potent bioactivities. In this study, we carried out PCR-based genome mining for potential nonribosomal peptides producers from our marine bacterial library. Twenty-one “positive” strains were screened out from 180 marine bacterial strains, and subsequent small-scale fermentation, HPLC and phylogenetic analysis afforded Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00092 and PKU-MA00093 as two candidates for large-scale fermentation and isolation. Ten nonribosomal peptides, including four bacillibactin analogues (1–4) and six bacillomycin D analogues (5–10) were discovered from Bacillus sp. PKU-MA00093 and PKU-MA00092, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds and the 1H NMR and 13C NMR data of compounds 7 and 9 is first provided. All compounds 1–10 were assayed for their cytotoxicities against human cancer cell lines HepG2 and MCF7, and the bacillomycin D analogues 7–10 showed moderate cytotoxicities with IC50 values from 2.9 ± 0.1 to 8.2 ± 0.2 µM. The discovery of 5–10 with different fatty acid moieties gave us the opportunity to reveal the structure-activity relationships of bacillomycin analogues against these human cancer cell lines. These results enrich the structural diversity and bioactivity properties of nonribosomal peptides from marine Bacillus strains.
Temperature and Particle Size Influence on the High Cycle Fatigue Behavior of the SiC Reinforced 2124 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Winter Lisa , Hockauf Kristin , Lampke Thomas
Published: January 2018

In this work the high cycle fatigue behavior of a particulate reinforced 2124 aluminum alloy, manufactured by powder metallurgy, is investigated. SiC particles with a size of 3 μm and 300 nm and a volume fraction of 5 and 25 vol %, respectively, were used as reinforcement component. The present study is focused on the fatigue strength and the influence of particle size and temperature. Systematic work is done by comparing the unreinforced alloy and the reinforced conditions. All of the material conditions are characterized by electron microscopy and tensile and fatigue testing at room temperature and at 180 °C. With an increase in temperature the tensile and the fatigue strength decrease, regardless of particle size and volume fraction due to the lower matrix strength. The combination of 25 vol % SiC particle fraction with 3 μm size proved to be most suitable to achieve a major fatigue performance at room temperature and at 180 °C. The fatigue strength is increased by 40% when compared to the unreinforced alloy, as it is assumed the interparticle spacing for this condition reaches a critical value then.
Inihibition of Glycolysis by Using a Micro/Nano-Lipid Bromopyruvic Chitosan Carrier as a Promising Tool to Improve Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hanafy Nemany , Dini Luciana , Citti Cinzia , Cannazza Giuseppe , Leporatti Stefano
Published: January 2018

Glucose consumption in many types of cancer cells, in particular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), was followed completely by over-expression of type II hexokinase (HKII). This evidence has been used in modern pharmacotherapy to discover therapeutic target against glycolysis in cancer cells. Bromopyruvate (BrPA) exhibits antagonist property against HKII and can be used to inhibit glycolysis. However, the clinical application of BrPA is mostly combined with inhibition effect for healthy cells particularly erythrocytes. Our strategy is to encapsulate BrPA in a selected vehicle, without any leakage of BrPA out of vehicle in blood stream. This structure has been constructed from chitosan embedded into oleic acid layer and then coated by dual combination of folic acid (FA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). With FA as specific ligand for cancer folate receptor and BSA that can be an easy binding for hepatocytes, they can raise the potential selection of carrier system.
Using Acceleration Data to Automatically Detect the Onset of Farrowing in Sows
Authors: Traulsen Imke , Scheel Christoph , Auer Wolfgang , Burfeind Onno , Krieter Joachim
Published: January 2018

The aim of the present study was to automatically predict the onset of farrowing in crate-confined sows. (1) Background: Automatic tools are appropriate to support animal surveillance under practical farming conditions. (2) Methods: In three batches, sows in one farrowing compartment of the Futterkamp research farm were equipped with an ear sensor to sample acceleration. As a reference video, recordings of the sows were used. A classical CUSUM chart using different acceleration indices of various distribution characteristics with several scenarios were compared. (3) Results: The increase of activity mainly due to nest building behavior before the onset of farrowing could be detected with the sow individual CUSUM chart. The best performance required a statistical distribution characteristic that represented fluctuations in the signal (for example, 1st variation) combined with a transformation of this parameter by cumulating differences in the signal within certain time periods from one day to another. With this transformed signal, farrowing sows could reliably be detected. For 100% or 85% of the sows, an alarm was given within 48 or 12 h before the onset of farrowing. (4) Conclusions: Acceleration measurements in the ear of a sow are suitable for detecting the onset of farrowing in individually housed sows in commercial farrowing crates.
Feasibility of Detecting Natural Frequencies of Hydraulic Turbines While in Operation, Using Strain Gauges
Authors: Valentín David , Presas Alexandre , Bossio Matias , Egusquiza Mònica , Egusquiza Eduard , Valero Carme
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, hydropower plays an essential role in the energy market. Due to their fast response and regulation capacity, hydraulic turbines operate at off-design conditions with a high number of starts and stops. In this situation, dynamic loads and stresses over the structure are high, registering some failures over time, especially in the runner. Therefore, it is important to know the dynamic response of the runner while in operation, i.e., the natural frequencies, damping and mode shapes, in order to avoid resonance and fatigue problems. Detecting the natural frequencies of hydraulic turbine runners while in operation is challenging, because they are inaccessible structures strongly affected by their confinement in water. Strain gauges are used to measure the stresses of hydraulic turbine runners in operation during commissioning. However, in this paper, the feasibility of using them to detect the natural frequencies of hydraulic turbines runners while in operation is studied. For this purpose, a large Francis turbine runner (444 MW) was instrumented with several strain gauges at different positions. First, a complete experimental strain modal testing (SMT) of the runner in air was performed using the strain gauges and accelerometers. Then, the natural frequencies of the runner were estimated during operation by means of analyzing accurately transient events or rough operating conditions.
Analysis of an ABE Scheme with Verifiable Outsourced Decryption
Authors: Liao Yongjian , He Yichuan , Li Fagen , Jiang Shaoquan , Zhou Shijie
Published: January 2018

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) is a popular cryptographic technology to protect the security of users’ data in cloud computing. In order to reduce its decryption cost, outsourcing the decryption of ciphertexts is an available method, which enables users to outsource a large number of decryption operations to the cloud service provider. To guarantee the correctness of transformed ciphertexts computed by the cloud server via the outsourced decryption, it is necessary to check the correctness of the outsourced decryption to ensure security for the data of users. Recently, Li et al. proposed a full verifiability of the outsourced decryption of ABE scheme (ABE-VOD) for the authorized users and unauthorized users, which can simultaneously check the correctness of the transformed ciphertext for both them. However, in this paper we show that their ABE-VOD scheme cannot obtain the results which they had shown, such as finding out all invalid ciphertexts, and checking the correctness of the transformed ciphertext for the authorized user via checking it for the unauthorized user. We first construct some invalid ciphertexts which can pass the validity checking in the decryption algorithm. That means their “verify-then-decrypt” skill is unavailable. Next, we show that the method to check the validity of the outsourced decryption for the authorized users via checking it for the unauthorized users is not always correct. That is to say, there exist some invalid ciphertexts which can pass the validity checking for the unauthorized user, but cannot pass the validity checking for the authorized user.
Fatigue Reliability Assessment for Orthotropic Steel Decks Based on Long-Term Strain Monitoring
Authors: Deng Yang , Li Aiqun , Feng Dongming
Published: January 2018

A time-dependent fatigue reliability assessment approach is proposed for welded details of orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) using long-term strain monitoring data. The fatigue reliability limit function of the welded details is established based on the Eurocode specifications. Depending on the distribution characteristics of the measured daily equivalent stress range, either the lognormal distribution or Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is selected to quantify its uncertainty. Subsequently, the fatigue reliability can be calculated using either an explicit formula or the Monte Carlo method. This proposed approach is applied for the fatigue reliability evaluation of two rib-to-deck and two rib-to-rib welded fatigue details of an in-service suspension bridge. The results show that the reliability indices decrease significantly with bridge’s service life. Except for a rib-to-deck detail, all other three welded details cannot meet the target fatigue reliability during this bridge’s 100-year service life. The proposed approach can help bridge owners and operators make informed decisions regarding maintenance and repair of potential fatigue cracks.
An Efficient Wireless Sensor Network for Industrial Monitoring and Control
Authors: Aponte-Luis Juan , Gómez-Galán Juan , Gómez-Bravo Fernando , Sánchez-Raya Manuel , Alcina-Espigado Javier , Teixido-Rovira Pedro
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the design of a wireless sensor network particularly designed for remote monitoring and control of industrial parameters. The article describes the network components, protocol and sensor deployment, aimed to accomplish industrial constraint and to assure reliability and low power consumption. A particular case of study is presented. The system consists of a base station, gas sensing nodes, a tree-based routing scheme for the wireless sensor nodes and a real-time monitoring application that operates from a remote computer and a mobile phone. The system assures that the industrial safety quality and the measurement and monitoring system achieves an efficient industrial monitoring operations. The robustness of the developed system and the security in the communications have been guaranteed both in hardware and software level. The system is flexible and can be adapted to different environments. The testing of the system confirms the feasibility of the proposed implementation and validates the functional requirements of the developed devices, the networking solution and the power consumption management.
Pride, Paternalism, Prejudice—Images of the Working Class
Authors: Skarpenes Ove , Sakslind Rune
Published: January 2018

What has happened with the image of the working class? The hero in the construction of the Nordic Model was the labor movement (and the working class). For a long time, this was the dominant picture of the Norwegian working class. However, the societal trends of the past decades have, in a peculiar way, given the working class a central place in political discussions and in the public sphere, but now, a more ambivalent image emerges. In a somewhat paternalistic way, the worker image in political and academic debates as well as in part of the public sphere is typically that of a person unsuccessful in the educational system. Even a third image is identifiable in the public sphere—a prejudice imagery—in which the class is labelled as unhealthy, abusing the welfare system, culturally unsophisticated, and politically dangerous, moving toward right-wing populism. The ambition of the paper is to present these different images of the working class.
“Girl Power”: Gendered Academic and Workplace Experiences of College Women in Engineering
Authors: Smith Kathleen N. , Gayles Joy Gaston
Published: January 2018

Women in engineering continue to experience bias in the field. This constructivist case study uses feminist theory to examine the gendered experiences of graduating senior women engineering students in academic and workplace environments. In each setting we identified three subthemes; in academia: “I don’t think my education is any different,” “Being underestimated constantly,” and “You don’t want to be seen as getting advantages”; in the workplace: “Oh, you’re a girl,” “There’s a lot of sexism,” and Benefits of “girl power.” Overall, findings indicate that women experience bias in both settings, often via implicit bias in academia and with instances of implicit bias, sexism, and sexual harassment occurring even more often in the workplace through internship experiences. The article concludes with suggestions for practice, future research, and strategies to create supportive academic and workplace experiences and environments for women engineers.
Relationship between Convenience, Perceived Value, and Repurchase Intention in Online Shopping in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Quoc , Tran Xuan , Misra Sanjay , Maskeliūnas Rytis , Damaševičius Robertas
Published: January 2018

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is an increasingly popular trend in modern economy concomitant with the development of the Internet. E-commerce has developed considerably, making Vietnam one of the fastest growing markets in the world. However, its growth rate has not matched its potential, leading to the question how online retailers could improve their practices and thus contribute to the sustainable development of emerging markets such as Vietnam. Therefore, with the goal of providing online retailers with many methods to improve their online shopping service, this study examined the direct and indirect influence of the dimensions of online shopping convenience on repurchase intention through customer-perceived value. A survey of 230 Vietnamese customers was conducted to test the theoretical model. A structural equation model was used for data analysis. The results determined that the five dimensions of online shopping convenience are: access, search, evaluation, transaction, and possession/post-purchase convenience. All dimensions have a direct impact on perceived value and repurchase intention. The results also show the important role of perceived value when a factor both directly influences repurchase intention and mediates the relationship between convenience and repurchase intention.
Efficient Location of Resources in Cylindrical Networks
Authors: Carreño José Juan , Martínez José Antonio , Puertas María Luz
Published: January 2018

The location of resources in a network satisfying some optimization property is a classical combinatorial problem that can be modeled and solved by using graphs. Key tools in this problem are the domination-type properties, which have been defined and widely studied in different types of graph models, such as undirected and directed graphs, finite and infinite graphs, simple graphs and hypergraphs. When the required optimization property is that every node of the network must have access to exactly one node with the desired resource, the appropriate models are the efficient dominating sets. However, the existence of these vertex sets is not guaranteed in every graph, so relaxing some conditions is necessary to ensure the existence of some kind of dominating sets, as efficient as possible, in a larger number of graphs. In this paper, we study independent [ 1 , 2 ] -sets, a generalization of efficient dominating sets defined by Chellali et al., in the case of cylindrical networks. It is known that efficient dominating sets exist in very special cases of cylinders, but the particular symmetry of these graphs will allow us to provide regular patterns that guarantee the existence of independent [ 1 , 2 ] -sets in every cylinder, except in one single case, and to compute exact values of the optimal parameter, the independent [ 1 , 2 ] -number, in cylinders of selected sizes.
A Retrospective Examination of Feline Leukemia Subgroup Characterization: Viral Interference Assays to Deep Sequencing
Authors: Chiu Elliott , Hoover Edward , VandeWoude Sue
Published: January 2018

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was the first feline retrovirus discovered, and is associated with multiple fatal disease syndromes in cats, including lymphoma. The original research conducted on FeLV employed classical virological techniques. As methods have evolved to allow FeLV genetic characterization, investigators have continued to unravel the molecular pathology associated with this fascinating agent. In this review, we discuss how FeLV classification, transmission, and disease-inducing potential have been defined sequentially by viral interference assays, Sanger sequencing, PCR, and next-generation sequencing. In particular, we highlight the influences of endogenous FeLV and host genetics that represent FeLV research opportunities on the near horizon.
Application of Flood Nomograph for Flood Forecasting in Urban Areas
Authors: Lee Eui , Kim Joong , Choo Yeon , Jo Deok
Published: January 2018

Imperviousness has increased due to urbanization, as has the frequency of extreme rainfall events by climate change. Various countermeasures, such as structural and nonstructural measures, are required to prepare for these effects. Flood forecasting is a representative nonstructural measure. Flood forecasting techniques have been developed for the prevention of repetitive flood damage in urban areas. It is difficult to apply some flood forecasting techniques using training processes because training needs to be applied at every usage. The other flood forecasting techniques that use rainfall data predicted by radar are not appropriate for small areas, such as single drainage basins. In this study, a new flood forecasting technique is suggested to reduce flood damage in urban areas. The flood nomograph consists of the first flooding nodes in rainfall runoff simulations with synthetic rainfall data at each duration. When selecting the first flooding node, the initial amount of synthetic rainfall is 1 mm, which increases in 1 mm increments until flooding occurs. The advantage of this flood forecasting technique is its simple application using real-time rainfall data. This technique can be used to prepare a preemptive response in the process of urban flood management.
High-Resolution Discharge Forecasting for Snowmelt and Rainfall Mixed Events
Authors: Berezowski Tomasz , Chybicki Andrzej
Published: January 2018

Discharge events induced by mixture of snowmelt and rainfall are strongly nonlinear due to consequences of rain-on-snow phenomena and snowmelt dependence on energy balance. However, they received relatively little attention, especially in high-resolution discharge forecasting. In this study, we use Random Forests models for 24 h discharge forecasting in 1 h resolution in a 105.9 km 2 urbanized catchment in NE Poland: Biala River. The forcing data are delivered by Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in 1 h temporal and 4 × 4 km spatial resolutions. The discharge forecasting models are set in two scenarios with snowmelt and rainfall and rainfall only predictors in order to highlight the effect of snowmelt on the results (both scenarios use also pre-forecast discharge based predictors). We show that inclusion of snowmelt decrease the forecast errors for longer forecasts’ lead times. Moreover, importance of discharge based predictors is higher in the rainfall only models then in the snowmelt and rainfall models. We conclude that the role of snowmelt for discharge forecasting in mixed snowmelt and rainfall environments is in accounting for nonlinear physical processes, such as initial wetting and rain on snow, which cannot be properly modelled by rainfall only.
De «stichtingsoorkonde» van de O.-L. -Vrouwepriorij te Aymeries (1088). Diplomatisch onderzoek
Authors: Van Mingroot Erik
Published: January 2018

La charte de «fondation» du prieuré de Notre-Dame d'Aymeries (1088). Etude diplomatique et édition critique.

Au cours de l'année 1088, entre le 5 septembre et le 25 décembre, l'évêque Gérard II de Cambrai a octroyé une charte au prieuré bénédictin d'Aymeries (dép. Nord, arr. Avesnes-sur-Helpe), dépendant de l'abbaye d'Anchin. Dans ce document sont énumérés les biens immobiliers à Aymeries même, Wignehies ( ?), Ghissignies, Bry, Ors ( ?) et Hauteville, donnés par Ermengarde de Möns et ses fils, Gossuin II et Isembard. En outre l'évêque règle les rapports qui lieront le prieuré d'Aymeries à l'abbaye et à l'abbé d'Anchin.

L'original de cette charte n'existe plus. Seule une copie du 18e siècle est conservée à la Bibliothèque nationale à Paris (Manuscrits Latins , nr. 11842, t. I, fol. 118 v°-119 r°). Le texte a été publié pour la première fois dans le supplément des Opera diplomatica de A. Miraeus-J.-F. Foppens, t. I, pp. 307-308, d'après une copie de la Chambre des Comptes à Lille. Quatre autres copies des 18e et 19e siècles, qui se trouvaient encore en 1959 aux Archives départementales du Nord, sont aujourd'hui perdues. Tout cela rend assez délicate la reconstitution de l'acte en question.

Le formulaire pose un délicat problème de critique : il est très difficile de déceler d'emblée si la charte a été rédigée à la chancellerie des évêques de Cambrai, à Aymeries, ou même à Anchin. Par ce fait, il est assez malaisé d'établir l'authenticité diplomatique de cet acte, capital en ce qui concerne notre connaissance de l'histoire primitive du prieuré. Il est donc nécessaire de faire appel à tous les renseignements disponibles sur la chancellerie de Cambrai sous l'évêque Gérard II. Partant des 35 autres diplômes de Gérard II de Cambrai, nous essayons de prouver que l'acte de 1088 n'a pas été rédigé à la chancellerie épiscopale, mais bien à Anchin. En tenant compte de cette rédaction par les destinataires, nous cherchons à identifier les formules et les expressions caractéristiques qui ne peuvent être de la main d'un quelconque faussaire. Nous avons ainsi, semble-t-il, démontré l'authenticité diplomatique de la charte en question. L'authenticité historique, c'est-à-dire la véracité de l'acte, peut être établie par le contrôle de toute une série de données biographiques, généalogiques, prosopographiques, chronologiques et institutionnelles de la teneur de l'acte.

Il nous semble, en fin de compte, permis de confirmer l'autorité de ce diplôme de 1088 en tant que source d'histoire, et de le déclarer apte à éclaircir les origines du prieuré d'Aymeries et de la famille de Möns.
Een opmerkelijke biografie van een moderne devote : de Vita et eonversacio Salome priorisse in Diepenven
Authors: De Mey Lieve , Heene Katrien
Published: January 2018

Deze bijdrage brengt de eerste editie van de Latijnse biografie van Salome Sticken (°1359 -f1449), de beroemdste vrouwelijke volgeling van Geert Grote, de stichter van de Moderne Devotie in de veertiende eeuw. De vita is overgeleverd in een historisch verzamelwerk, de zogenaamde Collectanea ad historiam Devotionis Modernae. Dit handschrift, afkomstig uit het Heer-Florenshuis te Deventer, dateert uit het laatste decennium van de vijftiende eeuw en wordt bewaard in de Koninklijke Bibliotheek te Brussel (hs. 8849-8859).

Terwijl de Middelnederlandse viten van Salome Sticken en andere moderne devoten gretig ontsloten en bestudeerd worden, zijn de Latijnse teksten veel minder bekend. Dat een uitgave van deze specifieke vita zo lang op zich liet wachten, heeft ongetwijfeld te maken met het feit dat het schrift moeilijk leesbaar is, vooral door de vele afkortingen van de scribent. De tekst bevat ook geen aanduidingen van paragrafen en weinig punctuatie of hoofdletters aan het begin van een zin.

Deze vita is duidelijk een bewerking van een andere bron bekend uit Middelnederlandse versies van de levensbeschrijving van Salome. Met behulp van de editie van de Latijnse tekst wordt het onder andere mogelijk om de Latijnse en volkstalige tradities met elkaar te vergelijken en om in het bijzonder de wisselwerking te belichten tussen de teksten die uitgaan van de zusters zelf en de Latijnse versies van de clerici. Een aanzet tot dergelijk onderzoek wordt geboden in de inleiding bij de editie.
Het decreet van 7 november 1695 van gouverneur Maximiliaan Emmanuel van Beieren aan de Raad van Brabant tegen de recursus naar de seculiere rechtbanken door clerici
Authors: Quaghebeur Toon
Published: January 2018

Het decreet van 7 november 1695 van gouverneur Maximiliaan van Beieren aan de Raad van Brabant tegen de recursus naar de seculiere rechtbanken door clerici verbood het soevereine gerechtshof van het oude hertogdom Brabant toegang te verlenen aan zaken waarin geestelijken handelingen van hun oversten inzake geloof en discipline bestreden. Voorliggend artikel bestudeert de moeilijke receptie in de Nederlanden van het decreet en de interpretatiestrijd rond het decreet die plaatsvond in Rome en Madrid. Deze studie situeert het decreet binnen de hevige internationale controverse tussen jansenisten en antijansenisten aan het einde van de zeventiende eeuw.
Het turbulente verleden van de Luikse prinsbisschoppen door de ogen van een inwoner van het oude graafschap Loon de Chronijk van Luyk, toegeschreven aan Petrus Treckpoel (1442 -circa 1507-8)
Authors: Vanderputten Steven
Published: January 2018

In deze bijdrage wordt een uitgave en contextualisering gegeven van de Chronijk van Luyk, een Middelnederlandse gesta van de Luikse bisschoppen uit de jaren 1498-1506. Dat een eerdere toeschrijving aan Petrus Treckpoel onhoudbaar blijkt, neemt niet weg dat de tekst sterk aanleunt bij zijn werk en ideeënwereld. Mogelijk moeten we de auteur zoeken in het franciscanenklooster van Lichtenberg bij Maastricht, waarvan de leden nauwe institutionele en waarschijnlijk ook geestelijke contacten onderhielden met Treckpoel. Hoewel het taaleigen van het enige bewaarde afschrift grote verschillen vertoont met het origineel, is een ontsluiting om verschillende redenen gerechtvaardigd. In de eerste plaats verwijzen we naar het gebrek aan wetenschappelijke edities van het bescheiden corpus Middelnederlandse kronieken uit het oude prinsbisdom. Daarnaast biedt de Chronijk van Luyk een blik op de historische beeldvorming van een auteur met een beperkte intellectuele achtergrond en een relatief gering inzicht in zijn onderwerp. Vooral in de laatste delen van de tekst ontwikkelt zich een aanzet tot historische commentaar die zich kenmerkt door een zekere naïveteit en een neiging tot moralisering. Hierbij valt op hoe de auteur empathisch reageert op het lijden van de bevolking in het Noorden van het bisdom ten gevolge van de onophoudelijke oorlogen en hoe goed hij hierover geïnformeerd is. Tegelijk vormt de opstandigheid van de Luikse bevolking tegen het legitieme gezag van de bisschoppen een steeds terugkerend thema. Zijn voorstelling van het recente verleden biedt interessante vergelijkingspunten met voorbeelden uit de 'grote' Luikse geschiedschrijving en relativeert de eigentijdse impact van die teksten.
Paul-Henri Spaak en het begin van de Belgische onafhankelijkheidspolitiek (1936-1937)
Authors: Janssens Gustaaf
Published: January 2018

Voorliggende studie gaat in op het begin van de Belgische onafhankelijkheidspolitiek (1936-1937) en vestigt de aandacht op drie rapporten die minister van Buitenlandse Zaken Paul-Henri Spaak ten behoeve van koning Leopold III heeft opgesteld. Behalve de drie rapporten, worden ook zevenentwintig andere documenten uitgegeven en in hun context gesitueerd.
Signification du traité de garantie du 19 avril 1839, d'après Léon Arendt
Authors: Haag Henri
Published: January 2018

In tegenstelling tot bepaalde opinies beweren wij dat België vóór 1914 een welomlijnd en doordacht buitenlands beleid voerde. Dit beleid was gebaseerd op zowel de verdragen van 1831 en 1839 als op het garantieverdrag van 19 april 1839. De trouw van de grote mogendheden aan de verbintenissen die ze in 1839 waren aangegaan, werd door de Brusselse regering lang als twijfelachtig aangezien. Deze onzekerheid nam nog toe toen er in 1904 er een akkoord gesloten werd tussen Frankrijk en Groot-Brittannië. In het geval van een algemene oorlog in Europa zou België hierin noodzakelijk meegesleurd worden. Wat moest er gedaan worden om te voorkomen dat Frankrijk en Groot-Brittannië uitsluitend in hun eigen belang zouden handelen, zonder voldoende rekening te houden met onze rechten ? Dit was volgens ons de grootste zorg van het Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken aan de vooravond van de oorlog van 1914.
Aux origines de la cité de Liège. Sur deux chartes inédites de 1171 et 1266
Authors: Kupper Jean-Louis
Published: January 2018

Bij gebrek aan voldoende documenten die bovendien duidelijk genoeg moeten zijn, bezitten we nog steeds weinig inzicht in de ontwikkeling van de stad Luik op basis van een oorspronkelijke 'prestedelijke kern'. Terwijl het bestaan van een 'nieuwe koopmansburg' of novus vicus voldoende geattesteerd is en de ligging ervan duidelijk is bepaald, heerst er onduidelijkheid over de ligging van de vetus vicus of 'oorspronkelijke burg'.

Deze studie heeft tot doel aan te tonen dat de 'oude burg' in werkelijkheid overeenkomt met de parochie van Saint-André-sur-le-Marché en dat het bestaan ervan zou dateren van de 9de of 10de eeuw.
Une dépêche cryptée adressée au gouverneur luxembourgeois de la forteresse de Montmédy (1637)
Authors: Moreau de Gerbehaye Claude de
Published: January 2018

Au début du XVIIe siècle, l'extrémité méridionale des Pays-Bas espagnols était jalonnée de petites forteresses le long de la frontière du duché de Bar et d'un chapelet de terres neutres et d'enclaves indivises. Le gouvernement de Richelieu, transition entre les guerres de Religion et l'expansionnisme de Louis XIV, veut pacifier la fragile frontière champenoise à cheval sur la Meuse, neutraliser les intrigants princes voisins (Lorraine-Bar, Bouillon-Sedan, Verdun, etc.) et au besoin annexer des territoires voisins qui les placeraient en situation vulnérable.

C'est dans ce contexte que le sud du duché de Luxembourg glisse vers une insécurité telle que les commandants de citadelle font usage de messages cryptés. De facture assez fruste, le texte édité complète et confirme dans les grandes lignes les informations livrées par les sources narratives et comptables sur la campagne du maréchal de Châtillon en 1637, en y ajoutant la touche pathétique de l'angoisse de l'interception.
De Vita Landoaldi (anno 980) als historische en prosopografische bron
Authors: Van Loon Jozef
Published: January 2018

Since Oswald Holder-Egger's article on the Vita Sancti Landoaldi in 1888, all historians have abided by his scathing judgment of the historio-graphical value of the document. However, according to a new analysis of the original, the facts reported therein are apparently far more authentic than was originally thought, and reveal many details on the mediaeval history of the village of Wintershoven and the bishopric of Liège. Upon close reading of the text, it is furthermore revealed that Heriger and Notker were only reluctantly persuaded to write the Vita, presumably under pressure from higher political interests.
Een blauwdruk van het Bourgondische beleid in het graafschap Vlaanderen : de regentschapsinstructie van 1387
Authors: Verwerft Bert
Published: January 2018

Wegens de vele politieke beslommeringen aan het hof van de Franse koning Karei VI besliste Filips de Stoute, hertog van Bourgondië en graaf van Vlaanderen, om zijn neef en vertrouweling Willem van Namen, heer van Béthune, door middel van een benoemingspatent van 31 augustus 1387 te benoemen tot landvoogd van Vlaanderen, Antwerpen en Mechelen. Daarnaast liet de hertog door zijn Bourgondische kanselarij een informele nota opstellen waarin de bestuurlijke, juridische en militaire bevoegdheden van de gouverneur minutieus werden opgelijst en afgebakend. Deze instructies en voorschriften illustreren de bezorgdheid van de hertogelijke regering in het politiek woelige graafschap Vlaanderen en de uitgesproken wens om de problemen zoals het favoritisme bij magistraatsverkiezingen of de fraudepraktijken bij vorstelijke ambtenaren krachtdadig aan te pakken. De Bourgondische gouverneur werd ook opgedragen om te bemiddelen in talloze belangenconflicten en op te treden tegen het algemene verzuim van militaire en civiele taken en tegen het streven van de Vlaamse onderdanen voor meer politieke autonomie. Op deze manier biedt dit tijdsdocument een unieke inkijk in de bureaucratische mechanismen van de ontluikende Bourgondische staat.
Le jardinet de Hainaut : essai de typologie et clés d'interprétation (XIVe-XVIIIe siècles). Mises en scène d'un comté lors des inaugurations princières en Hainaut
Authors: Flammang Véronique , Van Eeeckenrode Marie
Published: January 2018

The Jardinets de Hainaut (Small Gardens of Hainault) are heraldic representations of this county that present in different forms : theatrical stagings, poems, engravings, etc. The present article intends to retrace the tradition of these «jardinets» from their beginnings in the 14th-15th century until the end of the Ancien Régime. The very formalised structure of this heraldic and political representation of a principality shall be analysed in order to clearly identify the reasons for which they exist and their meaning. A few characteristic examples of «jardinets» shall then be presented with particular focus on representations of the inaugurations of the counts of Hainault, backed by text editions.
Twee 14de-eeuwse cautsiderekeningen van Brussel
Authors: Vannieuwenhuyze Bram
Published: January 2018

De meeste laatmiddeleeuwse rekeningen van de cautside, de stedelijke plaveidienst van Brussel, zijn verloren gegaan. Tweee 14de-eeuwse documenten ontsprongen om onduidelijke redenen de dans en worden in deze bijdrage integraal uitgegeven. Het betreft een enerzijds rolrekening voor het jaar 1369-1370 en een syntheserekening van de bestuurders van de cautside voor de periode 1372-1379, overgeleverd in de vorm van een soort aanhangsel bij een Brusselse stadsordonnantie van 22 oktober 1 379. Deze documenten bevatten inlichtingen over de werking en werkzaamheden van de cautside zelf, maar zijn ook uitermate interessant voor de studie van de immigratie, de bouwmaterialen en openbare werken.
Les «Observations regardantes l'état militaire et son oeconomie aux Païs-Bas autrichiens, 1752 » : une étude sur la composition et le financement de l'appareil militaire dans les Pays-Bas au milieu du 18e siècle
Authors: Tondeur Maxime
Published: January 2018

L'organisation et le fonctionnement de l'appareil militaire dans les Pays-Bas autrichiens demeurent mal connus en raison de la disparition d'une grande partie de ses archives administratives. La contribution de Maxime Tondeur comble partiellement cette lacune en présentant un document exceptionnel produit par le Commissariat de guerre à Bruxelles en 1753. Vraisemblablement réalisée dans une perspective «pédagogique», cette source offre de nombreuses informations relatives à l'organisation de l'appareil institutionnel militaire, la composition de l'armée et de son personnel administratif, la gestion des finances militaires, et les dispositions liées au logement et à l'approvisionnement des troupes. Les données chiffrées concernant la comptabilité de la Caisse de guerre, le recrutement et la désertion, par exemple, constituent à elles seules des matériaux documentaires exceptionnels. Accompagnée d'une notice historique qui présente les effets de la centralisation sur l'organisation de l'appareil militaire à Bruxelles, dans le cadre des réformes institutionnelles initiées par Marie-Thérèse, l'édition de cette source apporte un éclairage nouveau sur l'histoire de l'armée et de la présence militaire dans les Pays-Bas autrichiens.
Les représentations des odeurs dans la culture populaire slave
Authors: Kabakova Galina
Published: January 2018

Они выражаются в лексике , возникшей из нескольких очень продуктивных корней , таких как "дух". Специфика русского языка заключается в использовании характеристик обоняния в социальной терминологии. В народной литературе плохой запах связан с понятием греха и наказания. Он также связан со словом : богохульство ассоцируется с дурным запахом изо рта. В целом , только болезни , тайные пороки и смерть ведут к тому , что тело выделяет непривычные запахи. Область обоняния находится , следовательно , под воздействием православной культуры с ее дуализмом добра и зла.
Types d'implantations industrielles sur les anciennes surfaces minières dans la région de la Ruhr
Authors: Marandon Jean-Claude
Published: January 2018

Das Ruhrgebiet befindet sich bezüglich seiner Wirtschaft in einem Strukturwandel, der auf eine Änderung der traditionellen ökonomischen Basis zurückgeht. Zur bereits längere Zeit andauernden Kohlekrise gesellte sich in neuer Zeit noch eine Stahlkrise hinzu. Die grossen Unternehmen der Montanindustrie, die überwiegend männliche Arbeitskräfte beschäftigen, sind in ihrer Produktion sehr einseitig ausgerichtet, dazu stark exportorientiert, mithin also extrem krisenempfindlich.

Als Lösung dieses Dilemmas böte sich die Ansiedlung kleinerer industrieller Unternehmen mit einer differenzierteren Produktionspalette an, die ausserdem technologisch den modernsten Stand repräsentieren und gleichzeitig den Wachstumsbranchen angehören sollten.

Natürlich wird die Ansiedlung solcher Unternehmen im Kern eines Ballungraumes durch einen Mangel geeigneter Industrie - und Gewerbeflächen erschwert, Die Gründung der Ruhrkohle AG hatte durch sofort vorgenommene Rationalisierungsmassnahmen die Schliessung einiger Zechen zur Folge. Solche Grundstücke, auf denen sich früher Zechen befanden, liegen normalerweise in der Nähe der Stadtzentren oder an Hauptver-kehrsachsen. Trotz der natürlich ebenfalls vorhandenen Nachteile - Bergschädengefahr und notwendiger Umbau der Zechengebäude - könnten diese Flächen wesentlich zur Losung des Problems beitragen.

Vor allem in Hinblich darauf ist der Umfang der Neuansiedlungen enttäuschend, Zwar handelt es sich meist um Mittelbetriebe, doch ihre Nachteile bestehen zum einen darin, dass sie nur wegen grösseren Flächenbedarfs sich dort angesiedelt haben, zum anderen wurden sie wegen Umweltbeeinflussung hierher verlegt. Selten jedoch gehören sie zu den Wachstumsindustrien. Ansiedlungen in der Grössenordnung von Opel Bochum bilden die Ausnahme, Somit reicht das vorhandene Arbeitsplatzangebot nicht aus, um die Freisetzung des Bergbaus zu kompensieren.

Die Folgenutzung freiwerdender Zechengelände leistet also keinen nennenswerten Beitrag zum industriellen Strukturwandel des Ruhr gebiets, Die Auflösung des SVR bedeutet zusätzlich die freiwillige Aufgabe einer ordnenden Hand in dieser Ubergangssituation.
Les Bas-Champs, aspects régionaux et problème des limites
Authors: Renard Jean-Pierre
Published: January 2018

At the south-western borders of the region «Nord-Pas-de-Calais», the "Bas-Champs" constitute a small geographic country, which is stretching along the Channel from the Canche estuary to this of the Authie. This natural region is going on through the department of Somme to the living cliffs of Ault. Nevertheless the departmental limits are also the influence limits of the two towns : Abbeville and Amiens.

One of the principal questions, set by a regional analysis, is the problem of limits, in this case these which exist between the «Montreuillois» and the low littoral plain. The physical contact, concretised by the escarpment which commands the humid area extending behind the sand-hills, do not exactly correspond to the social-economic border. As a human region, the «Bas-Champs» constitute a wider country than the natural unity. The variables, we use to settle the limits, are diverse : demographic components, dimension, fonctions and communal behaviours (socio-professionnal, political behaviours...). Specially, for some variables which seem to be essential because they partly explain some others (communal dimension and fonctions), we have used a simple way based on correlations drawing to an essay of a spatial model, using also a procedure of regression.
Axes et zones de développement dans la région de la Ruhr
Authors: Marandon Jean-Claude
Published: January 2018

La région de la Ruhr traverse une phase de restructuration dans tous les secteurs. Les bases économiques traditionnelles : charbon, acier, chimie, perdent d'importance et d'autre secteurs restent sous-représentés . Le découpage de la région en zones économiques E/W alignées parallèlement du Sud au Nord laisse la place à un schéma régional plus différencié. Les grandes transversales Nord/Sud soulignent les nouvelles tendances d'évolution.

La restructuration économique demande l'implantation de nouvelles industries plus différenciées. Dans ce but la définition des axes et poles de développement a créé un cadre dans lequel viennent s'agencer les grandes tendances du développement passé, La région est divisée en grandes zones selon le stade d'évolution économique et selon les types d'implantations souhaités. La région s'articule ensuite en grands domaines selon les axes du développement. Il apparaît ainsi que les zones externes de direction Nord/Sud, axe rhénan et axe oriental seront les pivots privilégiés du développement futur. Les secteurs Nord et Sud de la région resteront avant tout destinés à la protection de l'environnement et aux besoins grandissants en espaces réservés aux loisirs. Dans la zone centrale doit s'effectuer une plus grande différenciation de la structure économique existante ; dans cette zone les problèmes d'espaces verts, d'épuration d'eau, d'environnement prendront le pas sur les problèmes industriels. Il reste que la région manque de capitale sur laquelle la restructuration de l'espace pourrait s'articuler.
L'élevage du «cheval lourd» dans la région Nord-Pas-de-Calais, son évolution
Authors: Moine G.
Published: January 2018

La région du Nord-Pas-de-Calais se consacre depuis longtemps à l'élevage du «cheval lourd». Après en avoir retracé l'évolution du point de vue génétique et zoo-technique, l'auteur souligne la forte diminution des effectifs chevalins depuis la dernière guerre en rapport avec la motorisation et la mécanisation agricoles et il montre combien une régression aussi excessive présente d'inconvénients. Le tracteur perd ses avantages lorsqu'il faut travailler des parcelles non remembrées, des sols compacts et il devient même inefficace lorsque les terres sont détrempées ; autant de circonstances où une utilisation rationnelle du cheval améliorerait la productivité du travail agricole. Par ailleurs, la consommation de viande de cheval en France nécessite des importations d'équidés de boucherie. Il est donc indispensable de continuer à produire des chevaux de toutes races et de tous types, pour le sport et le loisir, pour la traction agricole, pour la viande. L'élevage de bêtes de trait sélectionnées en vue de la boucherie apparaît comme une activité très rentable qu'il conviendrait d'encourager.