bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nepal-India Relations: Exploring the Dichotomy between 'Big Brother' and 'Brotherhood'
Authors: Ghimire Bhesh Raj
Published: October 2024

The historical relationship between Nepal and India is deeply rooted in their geographic proximity and shared elements such as religion, culture, language, and socio-economic interests. While Nepal borders both China and India, its closeness with India is accentuated by these shared attributes and mutual opportunities. The two countries share an open border of around 1,780 kilometers along Nepal's eastern, western, and southern regions. Despite India's larger size, population, and more advanced economic development, Nepal maintains its sovereignty and equal status as an independent nation. However, India's role is often perceived as that of a "big brother" to Nepal, reflecting the disparity in size and influence. Nonetheless, all sovereign nations, regardless of their geographic or economic differences, are regarded as equals in status. In an era defined by globalization, scientific advancements, and technological progress, Nepal aspires to build a strong relationship with India based on mutual friendship and economic cooperation, particularly through foreign investment and the exchange of technology. While occasional tensions arise, usually from the Indian side, they have not escalated into major conflicts and are unlikely to do so. It is widely understood that while friendships may fluctuate, the bond between neighbors remains constant. This article examines the various aspects and dynamics of Nepal-India relations within this context.
विपद व्यवस्थापनका लागि पोखराका सार्वजनिक खुला स्थानको अवस्था र पोखरा आन्तरिक विमानस्थल परिसरको भावी उपयोग
Authors: पोखरेल Pokharel रामजीप्रसाद  Ramjee Prasad
Published: October 2024

सहरी क्षेत्रअन्तर्गत भौतिक संरचनाले नढाकेका र नागरिकको सहज पहुँच भएका स्थानलाई सार्वजनिक खुला स्थान भनिन्छ । यस्ता स्थानहरुले सहरवासीलाई शारीरिक, मानसिक मनोरञ्जन प्रदान गर्नुका साथै प्राकृतिक वा मानवीय कारणले सिर्जित विपदलाई न्यूनीकरणका गर्नका लागि सुरक्षित उद्धार र राहत प्रदान गर्ने आश्रय स्थलको रुपमा पनि अतुलनीय अवसर प्रदान गर्दछ । पोखरा महानगरमा प्रत्येक वर्ष तीव्रसहरीकरण हुदैं गएकोले पनि कुनैपनि प्राकृतिक विपद आइपरेमा सहरवासीलाई सुरक्षित स्थानमा व्यवस्थापन गर्न मौजुदा सार्वजनिक खुला स्थानको अवस्थाको लेखाजोखा गर्दै यसको विस्तारका लागि सम्भावित स्थलको पहिचान र त्यसको उपयोगको खाका प्रस्तुत गर्नु यस अध्ययनको अभिप्राय रहेको छ ।  यस अध्ययनमा प्राथमिक सूचनाको आधारमा गरिएको विश्लेषणमा विपद व्यवस्थापनका लागि उपयुक्त सार्वजनिक खुला स्थलको उपयुक्तताको आधारमा पहिचान गरी न्एक् र ब्चअ न्क्ष्क् द्धारा नक्साङ्कन तयार पारिएको छ । सार्वजनिक खुला भू–भाग सहरको अभिन्न अङ्ग भएकाले पनि पोखरा महानगरपालिकामा विद्यमान आन्तरिक हवाई मैदानलाई सार्वजनिक उपयोगका रुपमा व्यवस्थापन गरिएमा हालको प्रतिव्यक्ति ३.५ वर्ग मिटर क्षेत्रफलबाट बढेर ४.२४ वर्ग मिटर हुने देखिन्छ । यस सम्भावित स्थानलाई सार्वजनिक रुपमा रुपान्तरण गरी विपदका बखत आश्रय स्थलका रुपमा व्यवस्थापन गर्ने अभिप्रायले उद्धार सामग्री राख्ने स्थान, पोखराको पहिचान दिने सङग्राहालय र वर्तमान धावनमार्गलाई यथावत राखी वाँकी भागलाई पार्कको रुपमा रुपान्तरण गर्नु वाञ्छनीय देखिन्छ ।
آليات الاستثمار في رأس المال البشري ودورها في النهوض بواقع السياحة في العراق دراسة استطلاعية لعينة من المديرين في وزارة السياحة والثقافة والاثار
Authors: عبدالحكيم جميل شكري  , مها عبدالستار عبدالجبار  , محسن مهدي رباط الكناني
Published: October 2024

نظراً لأن منظمات الاعمال بصورة عامة والمنظمات السياحية بصورة خاصة تعمل اليوم في ظل بيئة تتسم بالتغير واللاتأكد البيئي، ما يضعها أمام تحدي دائم للتكيف مع تلك التغيرات، ولن يتحقق ذلك الا اذا امتلكت آليات للاستثمار في رأس المال البشري للنهوض بواقع السياحة في العراق متمثلة بوزارة الثقافة والسياحة والاثار، ولقد تحددت الدراسة بمدى الاستثمار في الاصول البشرية واستغلال العقول المبدعة لتحقيق النتائج الايجابية المتوخاة في المنظمة المبحوثة من خلال دراسة الاليات المعتمدة في الاستثمار كالاستقطاب والتدريب والتحفيز في رأس المال البشري. ولتحقيق اهداف الدراسة تم تطوير استبانة لغرض جمع البيانات من افراد العينة والمتمثلة بالقيادات الادارية العليا في الوزارة المبحوثة، مع امكانية التوصل الى نتائج يمكن من خلالها صياغة توصيات تسهم في رفد الفكر السياحي والفندقي والمكتبة السياحية برؤية جديدة حول العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث.
Integrar los ODS en la gestión de las organizaciones: las Directrices para contribuir a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de las Naciones Unidas
Authors: Arroyo-Vázquez Natalia
Published: October 2024

La Asociación Española de Normalización (UNE) ha publicado las Directrices para contribuir a los Objetivos deDesarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de las Naciones Unidas (UNE-ISO/UNDP PAS 53002:2024), que buscan facilitar la integración de los ODS en la gestión de todo tipo de organizaciones, entre las que se podrían encontrar bibliotecas, archivos o centros de documentación. Estas Directrices presentan un enfoque integral, que afecta a toda la organización y a distintas etapas de la gestión, proporcionan pautas para realizar una planificación que optimice los resultados en materia de ODS e invitan a las organizaciones a asumir un mayor compromiso con la sostenibilidad y la equidad. Cabe destacar dos aspectos de este documento: propone considerar como stakeholders o partes interesadas que puedan verse influidas por las actividades de la organización al medio ambiente, al planeta, o las generaciones futuras, entre otras, y plantean la necesidad de evaluar el impacto producido por las organizaciones y tenerlo en cuenta en la toma de decisiones.
The Nexus of Employee Attitudes Towards Performance Appraisals and its Impact on Employee Performance in the Zimbabwean Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Ngwenya Sazane , Mpofu Nowell , Tshuma Kindness , Chiriseri Esther , Madvivanyika George , Mfandaidza Ndabezinhle
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The study sought to examine the relationship between employee attitudes towards performance appraisal and its impact on work performance in the manufacturing sector using Ecomed Manufacturing (Pvt) Limited as a case study. This was in response to the general negative feelings against the performance appraisals by employees in the manufacturing sector. Methods: The researchers used an inductive research approach which recognizes that meaning emerges through interaction with participants of the study and adopted the realism philosophical position. The study used the case study research design and convenience sampling technique was adopted, thereby allowing the researchers to conveniently select 55 cases up to saturation point. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to solicit for information from the participants of the study which included both managerial and non-managerial staff. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative responses from participants. Results: The major findings of the study highlighted that the company under study is faced with negative employee attitudes towards performance appraisals. Hatred, bitterness, resentment, anger, competition among the employees were prevalent attitudes that the workforce exhibited against the appraisal system in place. Erosion of trust, antagonism and lack of team work among the workforce both in supervisory and non-supervisory levels was the greatest challenge faced by the organization studied. Regardless of the challenges faced, managerial participants concurred in stating that the performance appraisals in place brought about positive changes to the organization, exhibited by a steady increase in production due to competition among the employees which in turn led to meeting of targets. Conclusion: The researchers recommend that the Human Resource department should train and create awareness to about the entire performance management process so as to eliminate resentment towards the process. Furthermore, the Human Resource department should explore the introduction of self-rating performance appraisal methods where the employee can set targets and then monitor and rate own performance against set targets after a given period of time.
AGASTACHE AROMATIC HERBACEOUS PLANTS CULTIVATED IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors:   South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS, Irina E. Anishchenko , Oleg Yu. Zhigunov ,   South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the results of an introductory study of two species of Agastache Clayt. ex Gronov genus: A. mexicana (Kunth) Lint & Epling and A. rupestris (Greene) Standl. The research was con- ducted in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute (Bashkir Cis-Urals, northern forest-steppe). Agastache are aromatic, medicinal, decorative and flowering plants. The seasonal rhythm of growth and development, morphometric parameters were studied, the success rate of introduction was assessed. Agastache belong to the group of spring-summer-autumn-green plants with a period of winter rest, spring awakening period and late summer flowering period. Spring shoot growth is in early May, on average; for A. rupestris, the budding phase is on 19.07, for A. mexicana it is on 23.07; for A. rupestris, the flowering starts on 25.07, for A. mexicana, it begins on 04.08. The flowering period of Agastache species lasts 35 days, so they are classified as long-flowering plants. The species go through a full life cycle, including the formation of full seeds. Plants demonstrate high rates of growth and development, forming a developed green top, but cannot winter in the open ground. Species reproduce through seeds in spring. The introductory study has shown that Agastache species are promising for cultivation and can be used for creating fragrant gardens, as a medicinal raw material in folk medicine and as a seasoning in cooking.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TILLAGE WORKING BODIES BY THE CRITERION OF WEAR RESISTANCE
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Denis A. Mironov , Alexey K. Lamm ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Rustam K. Rasulov ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: October 2024

Soil is the main means of production in agriculture. Obtaining favorable conditions for the growth and development of cultivated plants is achieved through mechanical tillage: plowing, deep loosening, peeling, milling, cultivation, harrowing, rolling. The quality of soil cultivation, energy costs and the total cost of cultivation directly depend on the design parameters and the condition of the working bodies. The developed technique for evaluating the technical level of the main elements of plow bodies, taking into account their durability, makes it possible to evaluate the resource of shares and dumps at the design stage. The conducted studies show that the wear resistance of the domestic plowshare made of L-53 steel is 14.0 ha, while the plowshare is replaced with an underused blade part. The resource of the reversible chisel is more than 2 times higher than the resource of the L-53 plowshare, and the resource of its blade part is 2 times higher than the resource of the blade part of the domestic plow. However, considering that the blade part of the plow share with a reversible chisel fully uses its resource during the operation of the plow, since it is replaced regardless of the chisel, in fact its resource exceeds the resource of the blade part of the P-702 share by more than 5 times. Specific costs for the replacement of parts of plow bodies, excluding the cost of plows and the wages of machine operators, were reduced by 43 rubles. per unit due to the use of shares with hardfacing and reversible chisels. The obtained economic efficiency of a reversible chisel with a hardfaced plowshare is 1.5 times higher than that of a P-702 serial plowshare.
THE STATE OF CROP PRODUCTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA FROM THE ANCESTORS TO THE PRESENT
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Razit B. Nurlygayanov , Svetlana O. Kaanzywaa ,   Tuva State University, Ena-Sai A. Kuuluar ,   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy
Published: October 2024

The territory of the Republic of Tyva has been developed since the ancient population, as evidenced by the excavations of burial grounds by archaeologists, rock paintings (petroglyphs) from the ancestors. This is proved by the names of rivers, mountains, lakes, localities and folk epics passed down from generation to generation. The culture of agricultural production in the region has traditionally been developed by historical heritage, customs and passed down from generation to generation. With the development of cattle breeding, agriculture of the local way of life developed, where forage crops were mainly cultivated. Forage is harvested both for the winter stall period and for the summer as an insurance feed in dry years. During the planned economy, collective farms and state farms were established in the republic, where animal husbandry and field breeding developed. During the reform period, many farms were reformed, there was a reduction in the number of livestock in the public sector, the acreage of agricultural crops. The climatic conditions of the region are harsh. The yield of agricultural crops is not stable, it varies in dry years from 9.0 c/ha (2017) to 19.4 c/ha with sufficient humidity (2019). In 2021, the average yield of grain crops in the republic was 12.7 c/ha. Potato yields are more stable at the level of 101.3 c/ha (2019) to 110.9 c/ha (2020). Spring rape and buckwheat have begun to be cultivated in the fields of the region. In recent years, there has been a tendency to increase the production of crop production.
DIGESTIBILITY OF NUTRIENTS OF DIETS WHEN FEEDING BULL CALVES WITH FEED ADDITIVES
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Liliya A. Zubairova , Ilnur F. Vagapov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ruzilya A. Gaysina ,   Federal research centre of biological systems and agrotechnologies of the Russian academy of sciences, Khamit Kh. Tagirov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of studies on the digestibility of dietary nutrients with partial replacement of concentrated feed with protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (PVMC) and complete replacement with compound feed concentrate (KK-65) in different periods of growing and fattening bulls for meat. The studied feed additives were used to increase the productivity of animals by enriching concentrated feed, improving the digestibility of feed nutrients. It has been established that the use of partial replacement of concentrated feed with protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate (PVMC) at 7–12 months. age and the introduction of compound feed concentrate (KK-65) instead of concentrated feed from 13 to 18 months. age in Holstein bulls had a positive effect on the digestibility of nutrients. A significant increase in the digestibility coefficients of crude protein by 2.8 %, crude fat by 1.7 % and crude fiber by 2.8 % in relation to the control group was established.
SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DESIGN OF THE DEEP-LOADER CHISEL TYPE WITH OSCILLATOR
Authors:   South-Russian state Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I. Platov, Mikhaylin Andrey A. , Maksimov Valeriy P. ,   Novocherkassk State Land Reclamation Academy
Published: October 2024

Target: using models of interaction of the system of deep–loader deformers with the soil to substantiate the emergence and creation of an innovative system of ripper deformers with elements in the architecture of which oscillatory phenomena occur – flutter. The consideration of the interaction process was based on a critical analysis of various soil models and corresponding schemes of its destruction by horizontal elements of the broken profile of the system of deformers of the deep-digger. The constructed model of interaction is based on the basic principles of mechanics of solids and mechanics of soils (soils). The research was carried out to integrate symmetrically broken soil-forming plates into the architecture of the innovative deep-drilling deformator system in accordance with the current ГОСТ standards and the СТО АИСТ. Data processing was performed using standard and special techniques. A new horizontal element (ground lift) of the system of deformers of the working body of the chisel-type implement, patent for invention No. 2742657, has been developed. The polyline architecture of the soil lift profile allows for better crumbling of the over-compacted soil layer, and also contributes to the occurrence of undamped oscillations. The presence of such an oscillator in the tool deformator system reduces the friction of the soil on the working body, which reduces the energy intensity of the process while improving the quality of loosening. Using the innovative architecture of a chisel deep-loader with an oscillator leads to the occurrence of additional deformations in the decompressed layer and prevents the soil from sticking, as a result of which there is no “soil wedge”, which significantly increases the traction resistance of the deep-loader and reduces the quality of soil loosening. Allows you to profile the loosening area more efficiently and provide the required loosening without turning the treated soil layer to a depth of up to 60 cm.
DETERMINATION OF THE POINT OF DAMAGE IN NETWORKS 6 KV AT CLOCK THROUGH THE TRANSITION RESISTANCE
Authors:   Kostroma State Agricultural Academy, Soldatov Valery A. , Smirnov Nikita V. ,   Kostroma State Agricultural Academy
Published: October 2024

. During the operation of electrical networks, emergency modes often occur. It is necessary to determine the type and location of damage (LD) as soon as possible. Since a simple line leads to undersupply of electricity. 6 kV networks with isolated neutral are considered. In these networks, it is difficult to determine the location of the damage due to the isolated neutral. Short circuits can be metallic and through contact resistance. Metallic ones have been studied earlier, and through contact resistance are investigated in this article. In this case, it is more difficult to determine the LD. The LD was carried out using the empirical criteria developed in the work, depending on the phase voltages and currents. In this case, three options for placing measuring instruments at the beginning, at the end and simultaneously at the beginning and at the end of the line with measurement errors of ± 0.2 %, ± 2.5 % and ± 5 % were considered. The formula of each criterion contains increasing voltages and currents in the numerator, and decreasing in the denominator as the LD moves along the length of the line. Studies have shown that the smallest error is achieved with two-sided measurement (at the beginning and at the end of the line) and is: 0.27 % with a measurement error of ± 0.2 %; 5.22 % at ± 2.5 % and 10.42 % at ± 5 %. Such accuracy with transient resistance is sufficient.
USE OF A CENTRIFUGAL MIXER OF FOOD MEDIA FOR PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGES
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Kokh Denis A. , Nevzorov Viktor N. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Kokh Zhanna A. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

Consumption of whole grains has attracted more consumer attention over the past few years because of their health benefits. Apart from eating the grains in their whole forms, people usually process them to increase the amount and availability of their nutrients. During germination, the endosperm is degraded using specific enzymes, followed by the release and synthesis of bioactive molecules according to the degree of germination. Juices from sprouted grains are rich in nutrients; they contain essential vitamins and minerals that are rarely found in such high concentrations in other foods. Microgreens are immature greens and are considered functional foods because of the presence of chlorophyll, β-carotene, lutein and minerals such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and calcium. The choice of the equipment type depends on ingredients to be mixed and the mixing scenario. It is crucial to find the balance between equipment and ingredient properties for obtaining an efficient production capacity in less time and with less energy. The experiment produced six samples of functional beverages. The combination of ingredients in the functional beverages was optimised by organoleptic and sensory evaluation of the beverages with different levels of green juice from barley and oat microgreens and juice from the fruit of small-fruited apple trees.
THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE UNIFORMITY OF THE LAYOUT OF POTATO TUBERS WITH A DISK-TYPE PLANTING APPARATUS
Authors:   South Ural State Agrarian University, Rakhimov Ildar R. , Latypov Ranis R. ,   South Ural State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

t. In the presented material, statistical processing of experimental values of the uniformity of the tubers arrangement along the row by a disk-type planting apparatus is carried out according to the results of laboratory and field studies. In the process of laboratory investigation of the planting of tubers, the proposed planting device developed a clearly structured ordered representation in the form of a summary table of the variational series of deviations. This table shows the deviations of tubers along the row with the number of observations N = 80. Based on the conducted laboratory tests, it was possible to determine the value of the actual AS of the actual tuberous distance in the row AS = 24.87 cm, the standard deviation σ = (μ2 – μ1 2 ) 0.5 = 3.64 cm, as well as the coefficient of conservation of the distance between tubers in the row r = ஺೙ ʏೄ = 1,005025. Data on the experimental distribution of potato tubers along the furrow, obtained from the results of field studies of a potato planting machine, the planting apparatus of which is of a disk type (the established intertuberous distance in the row An = 25 cm), indicate that the value of the actual AS of the actual distance between the tubers is AS = 24.89 cm, the standard deviation σ = (μ2 – μ1 2 ) 0,5 = 4.02 cm, coefficient of variation ν = ఙ ஺ೄ ͳͲͲ=16,15 %, coefficient of conservation of the distance between tubers in the row r = ஺೙ ʏೄ = 1,004419. Based on the results of laboratory and field studies, it can be concluded that the distribution of tubers in the rows is within acceptable values, meets agrotechnical requirements and corresponds to the normal distribution law.
PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHORIC ACID HYDROLYSATES OF BEET PULP AS A BASIS FOR CULTURE MEDIA
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Shurbina Maria Yu. , Valeeva Rauza T. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Mukhachev Sergey G. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Tuncev Denis V. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: October 2024

This article deals with the issues of determining the technological parameter – hydromodule in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass – beet pulp in order to obtain the maximum concentration of reducing agents in the resulting hydrolysates, and the possibility of using them in the future as a nutrient component in the production of fodder yeast. Maximum concentrations of reducing substances were obtained in the processes of beet pulp hydrolysis at hydromodule 1:2.5, but at this hydromodule hydrolysis processes in industrial conditions are labor-intensive due to the large amount of given raw materials. The values of reducing substances at hydromodule 1:3; 1:3,5; 1:4 are approximately within the same limits, so it is more cost-effective to carry out processes at hydromodule 1:4.
THE CONTENT OF CANNABINOIDS IN CÁNNABIS SATÍVA GROWN IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Bikbaeva Gulnur G. , Islamgulov Damir R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

. Cánnabis satíva is a cultivated crop of widespread use. It is gaining great popularity on an industrial scale due to the fact that scientists have managed to develop new varieties containing a minimum amount of narcotic substances. The study examined the content of the main cannabinoids in Cánnabis satíva of the Vera, Nadezhda, Surskaya, Omegadar-1 varieties over 2020–2023. Cannabidiol (CBD) was found as the predominant cannabinoid in the studied varieties. The varieties fully complied with the law requirements for the research period. The THC content did not exceed 0.1 %.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MILK FROM FIRST-CALF HEIFERS UNDER DIFFERENT HOUSING SYSTEMS AND MILKING TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Basonov Orest A. , Kulatkova Anna S. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Ginoyan Ruben V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University
Published: October 2024

Industrial milk production is based on high-tech processes at the current stage. Strong requirements imposed on milk quality are due to the quality of raw materials for producing a wide range of dairy products. The production of milk that meets sanitary and hygienic standards and the requirements of regulatory and technical documents (regulations and standards) is a priority in dairy cattle breeding. Analysis of the chemical composition of milk obtained from the control and experimental groups showed that the milk fat content was the highest (4.06 %) in the 1st experimental group and exceeded the control (3.93 %) and the 2nd experimental (3.94 %) groups. Under the loose housing system the mass fraction of protein was 3.15 %; the value was 0.02 points larger compared with the tie housing system. The milk density in the animal groups ranged from 1027.0 to 1029.0 kg/m3 , which meets the requirements of GOST 31449-2013. The largest mass fraction of dry solids in milk was found in the 2nd experimental group (12.58 %). The data analysis indicates that the housing system type and the milking technology of first-calf heifers have an effect on the number of milk fat globules per 1 cm3 and their diameter. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of fat globules has provided more complete data about the milk fat fraction, which is a crucial index in milk production. The milk obtained from the Holstein breed heifers in the studied groups can be used for cheese making. The third yogurt sample had a milky white colour, homogeneous throughout the mass; the consistency was homogeneous, with good curd tension and low viscosity; the sample had a pure, fermented milk flavour, without foreign traces.
ECONOMIC AND BIOLOGICAL QUALITIES OF COWS WHEN INCLUDING HALAGE PREPARED WITH THE BIOCORESERVANT “LAXIL” IN THE DIET
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Bragina Yulia Yu. , Gayfullina Alfiya R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Korchmar Igor S. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Tagirov Khamit Kh. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

A high-protein crop and perennial forage plant, alfalfa plays a primary role in solving such an aspect as protein deficiency in the diet of animals. But this plant crop, with all the variety of positive aspects, also has one negative aspect – an insufficient amount of sugar. For this reason, a rational way to harvest and subsequently store this plant is to prepare haylage through preservation with biological products.
ENZYME PRODUCTS COMBINED WITH A TRACE ELEMENTS COMPLEX IN FEEDING OF STEERS
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Gafarova Fatyma M. , Khairullina Nazira I. ,   Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture, Kutlin Yuri N. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Fanus A. Gafarov ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

This article examines the effect of enzyme products used in the diet on growth and development rates of Simmental steers. The steers of the 1st group (experimental) were fed the basic diet plus the Cellobacterin enzyme product at 25 g/head per day, and the animals of the 2nd experimental group received the Fibrozaim enzyme product at 15 g/head per day in addition to the basic diet. The introduction of feed additives into the diet resulted in higher growth and development rates in the experimental groups. The study found between group differences in morphological blood parameters in favour of the experimental groups steers. The findings indicate a higher level of metabolism in the animals, which is consistent with the animal productivity.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF RATS AFTER FORCED EXHAUSTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WITH WEIGHTS
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Lebedeva Anna I. , Musina Lyalya A. ,   Bashkir State University, Kadyrov Radik Z. ,   Bashkir State University, Dusalimova Aygul M. ,   Bashkir State University, Galautdinov Mars F. ,   Bashkir State University, Sirotkina Inna V. ,   Bashkir State University
Published: October 2024

There are a number of professions that involve extreme physical activity. Overwork can affect not only the functioning of the muscular system, but also the internal organs - the heart. The purpose of the study was to determine early and long-term morphostructural and physiological changes in the myocardium after undergoing exhausting physical activity in experimental animals. The rats used were male Wistar rats weighing 200–240 g. The Porsolt test was chosen as a model of anaerobic physical exercise – a technique of forced swimming of rats until complete fatigue with a load of 10 % of the animal’s body weight. The swimming test was performed daily for thirty consecutive days. 1 and 21 days after all training, load tolerance and electrocardiography were determined. The animals were removed from the experiment by insufflation of a lethal dose of chloroform vapor, and the hearts were removed. Histological, hematological, morphometric studies were carried out, and the weight of the heart was determined. In the myocardium of rats in the experimental group, there was a disturbance in hemodynamic function: plethora and stasis of red blood cells in the vessels. Edema of the intercellular space, contractures of cardiomyocytes of degrees II, III, myocytolysis, which was resolved by fibrotic degeneration of the myocardium. When studying tolerance to physical activity, the median value in the intact group was: Me = 8.5 (Q1 = 6.0; Q3 = 10.3) min, and in the experimental group on the 21st Me = 4.20 (Q1 = 3 .15; Q3=5.30) min. The weight of the heart in intact rats was 860.6 ± 52.5 mg (p = 0.002), after training it was 930.3 ± 89.6 mg (p = 0.08). The ECG in the experimental group revealed a heart rate of 265 beats per minute. The P wave is negative, the U wave is absent, the S wave voltage is high. Moderate leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. Long-term floating with cargo causes irreversible damage to the heart. This model can be used for testing and preclinical studies of cardioprotective drugs.
THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE OPERATIONAL METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING DIESEL ENGINES AND THEIR FUEL EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Bashirov Radik M. , Safin Filyus R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Negovora Andrey V. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

It is convenient to study the quality of diesel engines by analysing the distribution of fuel supplied to the diesel engine. This is explained by the fact that fuel consumption is quite convenient to determine using 90 simple weight or volumetric methods. The difference between the amounts of fuel supplied to the diesel engine and spent on internal losses represents the consumption spent on the useful work. The internal energy losses of a diesel engine consist of thermal and mechanical ones, assessed by its indicator and mechanical efficiency. Their product, called effective efficiency, determines the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine as a whole. Only the consumption of fuel supplied to the diesel engine and spent idling can be determined operationally. Other costs can only be found in workshop conditions when carrying out tests using complex braking systems. Bashkir State Agrarian University has proposed a method for fast diagnosing and regulating fuel equipment to solve this problem. It is based on using the diesel engine itself as an adjustment stand when it operates at nominal speeds without load on parts of the cylinders, allowing fuel to flow into one of the operating cylinders. In this case, the load for the operating cylinders is the internal mechanical and gas-dynamic energy losses of the diesel engine. The high accuracy of the proposed method is achieved, on the one hand, by ensuring high stability of nominal idle speed through adjusting the number of missed injections and, on the other, by adjusting the fuel equipment with its own fuel lines and injectors and taking into account the injection back pressure. Thanks to this, changes in the adjusted parameters of the fuel equipment when running on diesel are excluded. The particular value of the method is that it allows determining mechanical efficiency through hourly fuel consumption and can be successfully used in both direct-acting and battery-type fuel systems.
The Impact of Visual Digital Unit Exposure on Ocular Symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome Among Selangor Office Workers
Authors: Halim Suneta Atika , Feisal Nur Azalina Suzianti , Cheah Wai Yan , Ibrahim Tengku Nilam Baizura Tengku , Aminuddin Murni Amirra , Samat Nursalfarina Abdul , Kamaludin Noor Haziqah
Published: October 2024

Objective: Computer Visual Syndrome (CVS) is a common condition characterized by a range of ocular symptoms resulting from excessive screen time. As visual digital unit (VDU) usage has skyrocketed across all age groups, CVS has become a prevalent issue in both personal and professional life. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the impact of VDU and ocular symptoms of CVS among office workers in Selangor. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 46 office workers completed a self-reported Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) assessment using a questionnaire adapted from a previous study. The questionnaire includes 9 questions about ocular symptoms, rated on a 5-point scale: none, slight, moderate, severe, and very severe. Computer screen illumination was measured using a lux meter. To account for potential confounding factors, environmental conditions were also assessed. These included the number and type of light sources, window presence and size, window treatments, lighting fixture placement, and overall workspace cleanliness, following the guidelines on occupational safety and health for working with video display units by the Malaysia Department of Occupational Safety and Health.Results: Among all participants, the majority (93.5%) did not use anti-glare screen monitors and 20% had inadequate lighting with less than 450 lux. Of the respondents, 63% of the respondents reported experiencing eye strain and eye fatigue (60.9%) during work hours. Eye fatigue was the most commonly reported ocular symptom, with 24% of respondents experiencing it more than six times per week. Lighting reflector was found to be 3.5 times more prevalent to cause eye redness (odds ratio (OR)=3.50; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.50–24.33). The likelihood of experiencing eye strain due to the absence of an anti-glare was 1.8 times higher and the absence of a lighting reflector increased the likelihood by 1.7 times. Conclusion: The alarmingly high prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) among office workers underscores the critical need for immediate and effective ergonomic interventions. This research is imperative to identify specific risk factors and develop targeted strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects of prolonged VDU use on ocular health.
Perioperative complications in patients aged ≥85 years undergoing spinal surgery: a retrospective comparative study of pre-old and old patients in Japan
Authors: Mui Takahiro , Shigematsu Hideki , Ikejiri Masaki , Kawasaki Sachiko , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: October 2024

Study Design: A retrospective comparative study.Purpose: To compare the characteristics of perioperative complications in patients aged ≥85 years with those of younger patients undergoing similar spine surgery and examine factors associated with perioperative complications and clinical outcomes among patients aged ≥85 years.Overview of Literature: The risk factors for perioperative complications and their effect on outcomes in patients aged ≥85 years remain unclear. Furthermore, no study has compared younger patients with similar surgeries and condition with those aged ≥85 years.Methods: The study included patients aged ≥65 years who underwent spinal surgeries. The patients aged ≥85, 75–84, and 65–74 years were categorized into the super-old, old, and pre-old groups, respectively. The differences in perioperative age-related complications were compared among the three groups while matching for surgical procedures and general conditions (study 1). Furthermore, preoperative and intraoperative factors were examined for perioperative complications in the super-old group (study 2). Complications were categorized into surgical site and systemic complications.Results: The analysis included 44 patients from each group. In study 1, the total complication rates were 40.9%, 25%, and 18.2% of the super-old, old, and pre-old groups, respectively. Differences in complication rates were observed between the super-old and pre-old groups (p=0.011). In study 2, 58 patients from the super-old group were analyzed. Surgical site complications were significantly associated with longer surgical duration (p=0.02) and more estimated blood loss (p=0.003). Systemic complications were significantly associated with previous cerebrovascular disease (p=0.014), preoperative motor deficit (p=0.023), and emergency case (p=0.006) and negatively associated with diabetes mellitus (p=0.048).Conclusions: Perioperative complications increased with advancing age in the super-old, old, and pre-old groups. The complication type is associated with specific background factors; therefore, determining them may help prevent perioperative complications.
Is minimally invasive surgery a game changer in spinal surgery?
Authors: Park Sang-Min , Kim Ho-Joong , Yeom Jin S.
Published: October 2024

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has revolutionized the treatment of spinal disorders over the past few decades. This review provides an in-depth analysis of MISS techniques, technologies, outcomes, and future directions. The evolution of MISS techniques–including tubular retractor systems, percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, lateral lumbar interbody fusion, and endoscopic spine surgery–has expanded the scope of treatable spinal pathologies while minimizing tissue trauma. Technological advancements such as intraoperative navigation, robotics, and augmented reality applications have enhanced precision and capabilities. Clinical evidence supports the efficacy and safety of MISS techniques for various spinal pathologies, demonstrating comparable or superior outcomes to traditional open approaches with reduced tissue trauma, blood loss, and hospital stays. Cost-effectiveness analyses also favor MISS over open techniques. Future directions in MISS include expanding indications, integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning, advancing tissue engineering and biologics, and refining robotic and augmented reality applications. As MISS continues to evolve, it is poised to play an increasingly important role in the treatment of spinal disorders, offering improved patient outcomes with reduced morbidity. However, ongoing rigorous evaluation of new techniques and technologies is crucial to balance potential benefits with associated risks and costs.
Value-based banking as a factor of sustainable development
Authors: HERBYCH Liudmyla , NETREBCHUK Larysa , ONOPRIIENKO Yuliia
Published: October 2024

The banking sector is one of the drivers of economic development and is closely related to the functioning of society, the demands of which change according to its evolution. In the era of public demand for guidelines regarding the conscious conduct of business and life, the question of introducing values into banking is acute. Its transformation in the direction of introducing a personal approach and ethical principles while working with clients is being observed; awareness that the formation of close relationships is possible only on the basis of socially significant values and assessment of their impact on the environment, communities and space. That is why the implementation of a value-based approach to banking is an impor­tant and relevant topic. During the re­search, a hypothesis was put forward regarding the need to introduce value-based banking as one of the key drivers of sustainable economic develop­ment. A traditional set of methods for researching economic processes is used: ana­lysis, comparison, and logical genera­lization. The essence and basic norms of the functioning of value-based banking are revealed, the authorʼs vision is formulated. The work prin­ciples of value-based banks, defined by the Global Alliance for Banking on Values, the principles of the concept of sustainable develop­ment, the practical aspects of the implementation of value-based banking based on target, ethical characteristics in the work of individual banking institutions were studied, and on their basis, the own principles of value-based banking were formulated. The main interna­tional and domestic aspects of the functioning of banks that introduce elements of value-based banking are analyzed. It was determined that in fact all the leading banks in the world banking sphere prioritize streng­thening the principles of value banking in the near future. Banks of Ukraine are not lagging behind this process, and certain elements of value-based banking, such as corporate social responsibility, ESG prin­ciples, etc., are being introduced into their activities. The prospects of banking based on a client-oriented approach and the application of the principles of conscious business conduct are formulated.
Pengintegrasian Data Inovasi melalui Aplikasi e-Tanov di Badan Riset dan Inovasi Daerah Kota Surakarta
Authors: Bawono Sahirul Alim Tri , Setyono Afrianto Bayu , Khoirinisa Faraisya Virdhana , Ferdilla Natasya Yola , Wachidah Widya Astuti Nur , Leilani Cinta Octavia , Purnama Natalie , Shelbidilla Rakryan , Kholiliyati Syahidah
Published: October 2024

Tujuan dari pengintegrasian data inovasi melalui aplikasi e-Tanov di Badan Riset dan Inovasi Daerah (BRIDA) Kota Surakarta adalah untuk memaksimalkan inventarisasi data inovasi seluruh Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) Kota Surakarta ke dalam database e-Tanov melalui pendampingan dan pemberian bantuan dalam pemenuhan indikator-indikator e-Tanov dari inovasi di tiap OPD. Pengintegrasian data inovasi dalam situs e-Tanov ini dilakukan dengan pembagian pendampingan oleh mahasiswa kelompok 102 KKN UNS terhadap tiga (3) OPD dan satu (1) UPTD. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian sosialisasi terkait kegiatan yang akan dilakukan, yaitu melalui penyampaian materi tentang pembekalan kepada seluruh mahasiswa KKN UNS tema dampingan OPD perihal teknis pendataan inovasi OPD ke dalam laman e-Tanov beserta penjelasan setiap indikator yang diperlukan. Selanjutnya, peserta akan diterjunkan ke tiap OPD berdasarkan penempatan masing-masing untuk mengumpulkan dokumen atau data-data yang dibutuhkan guna memenuhi indikator pengisian e-Tanov. Dengan adanya pendampingan OPD untuk pengintegrasian data inovasi dalam laman e-Tanov ini, BRIDA diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak positif, terutama dalam mempertahankan dan meningkatkan sasaran Pemerintah Kota Surakarta guna menjadi kota terinovatif. Dengan memaksimalkan inventarisasi data inovasi seluruh OPD di Kota Surakarta, dapat menciptakan OPD yang lebih inovatif dan kreatif. Selain itu, dilihat dari sisi sosial, hal ini dapat menjadi peluang untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik sehingga mampu meningkatkan pula kesejahteraan masyarakat berkat inovasi yang ada.
Effect of Bacillus subtilis – based microbiological preparations on the numerical composition of cultured forms of endophytic bacteria, content of mineral nutrition elements, photosynthetic pigments, as well as on chlorophyll fluorescence indices in leaves of columnar apple trees
Authors: Konovalov S. N. , Bobkova V. V. , Chebotar V. K. , Mertvishcheva М. Е.
Published: October 2024

The results of agrochemical field experiments conducted in an orchard of columnar apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) in the Moscow Oblast during the period of 2021–2022 are presented. The research objects were the ‘Valuta’, ‘Triumph’, and ‘President’ varieties. The effect of foliar treatments of plants with Bacillus subtilis (strain V167) and Bacillus subtilis (strain V417) strains, as well as Bacillus subtilis – based microbiological preparations “Extrasol” (strain Ch13) and “Phytosporin-M” (strain 26D) on such indicators as the microbiological and chemical composition of leaves, the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves, and chlorophyll fluorescence indices was studied. Plant samples were analyzed using standard methodology. When applying strains and microbiological preparations based on Bacillus subtilis, the taxonomic composition of endophytic bacterial forms cultured on dense nutrient media and isolated from leaves was represented by the Bacillus genus. For comparison, when treating plants with Bacillus subtilis strain V417 and “Phytosporin-M”, the Pseudomonas genus was also detected. The number of cultivated forms of endophytic bacteria in the treated plants was consistently growing, having reached the maximum value of 406800 CFU/g in the “Extrasol” variant. Notably, the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves depended on both the plant variety and the strain used. High values of maximal efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) were observed both in experimental and control variants. A consistent increase in leaf N content was detected when applying “Extrasol”. In this respect, the ‘President’ variety showed the greatest response, i.e., a 16.1 % increase compared to the control. The ‘President’ and ‘Triumph’ varieties demonstrated an increase in leaf K content under the influence of foliar treatment of plants with the studied strains and microbiological preparations. The greatest effect of 17.2 % above the control was observed in the ‘Triumph’ variety when treated with “Extrasol”. Foliar treatments of ‘President’ and ‘Valuta’ plants with microbiological preparations contributed to increased, compared to the control, Mg contents in their leaves.
Rare presentations of glioblastoma multiforme in the septum pellucidum: illustrative case
Authors: Subah Galadu , Zeller Sabrina L , Kishore Jain Aarti , Gozum Nimrod , Smith Garrett , Cooper Jared , Kleinman George M , Gandhi Chirag D , Hanft Simon J
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a high-grade primary brain tumor, presents a formidable challenge in neuro-oncology because of its aggressive nature, infiltrative growth, and limited response to treatment. The septum pellucidum represents an uncommon and unexpected location for GBM, adding complexity to the diagnosis and management of this rare intracranial malignancy.

OBSERVATIONS

A 69-year-old male with a previous history of prostate carcinoma presented to an outside hospital with a 2-week history of a “trance-like state” and cognitive decline. Initial head computed tomography showed prominent ventricles without distinct mass lesions. Upon admission, magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass within the inferior septum pellucidum extending to the third and both lateral ventricles. Biopsy findings indicated a GBM, World Health Organization central nervous system tumor grade 4, with immunopositivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein and a Ki-67 labeling index of 60%–70%.

LESSONS

Identifying only 5 cases in more than 60 years of literature, this systematic review illustrates the diverse clinical presentations, diagnostic advancements, and management approaches for septum pellucidum GBM.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE23770