bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Neural Networks to Olive Oils Analysis
Authors: Caceres Jorge O. , Moncayo Samuel , Rosales Juan D. , de Villena Francisco Javier Manuel , Alvira Fernando C. , Bilmes Gabriel M.
Published: August 2013

The adulteration and traceability of olive oils are serious problems in the olive oil industry. In this work, a method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and neural networks (NNs) has been developed and applied to the identification, quality control, traceability, and adulteration detection of extra virgin olive oils. Instant identification of the samples is achieved using a spectral library, which was obtained by analysis of representative samples using a single laser pulse and treatment by NNs. The samples used in this study belong to four countries. The study also included different regions of each country. The results obtained allow the identification of the oils tested with a certainty of more than 95%. Single-shot measurements were enough for clear identification of the samples. The method can be developed for automatic real-time, fast, reliable, and robust measurements, and the system can be packed into portable form for non-specialist users.
High-Pressure Far-Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Hydrogen Bonding in Formic Acid
Authors: Manner Virginia W. , Chellappa Raja S. , Sheffield Stephen A. , Liu Zhenxian , Dattelbaum Dana M.
Published: August 2013

Simple molecules such as HCOOH, or formic acid, are suggested to have played important roles in planetary physics due to their possibility for high pressure and temperature chemistry under impact conditions. In this study, we have investigated the effect of pressure (up to 50 GPa) on H-bonding and reactivity of formic acid using synchrotron far infrared spectroscopy. Based on the pressure-induced changes to H-bond ν(O–H···O) stretching and γ(O–H···O) deformations, we observe significant reorganization of H-bonding network beginning at ∼20 GPa. This is in good agreement with reports of symmetrization of H-bonds reported at 16–21 GPa from X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy studies as well as molecular dynamics simulations. With further increase in pressure, beyond 35 GPa, formic acid undergoes a polymerization process that is complete beyond 45 GPa. Remarkably, upon decompression, the polymeric phase reverts to the crystalline high-pressure phase at 8 GPa.
Professors’ Beauty, Ability, and Teaching Evaluations in Italy
Authors: Ponzo Michela , Scoppa Vincenzo
Published: August 2013

Using data from an Italian University, we relate student evaluations of teaching quality to the physical attractiveness of instructors (as evaluated by external raters using photos), controlling for a number of teacher and course characteristics. We first show that teachers’ beauty significantly affects evaluations of their teaching. We carry out a number of checks to tackle threats to internal validity: course fixed effects and individual research productivity are controlled for; an IV estimation strategy is undertaken using a second measure of beauty as an instrument; and measures of grooming and fastidiousness are introduced. Notwithstanding these controls, we find that more attractive teachers receive much better evaluations.
Category-specific uncertainty modeling in clinical laboratory measurement processes
Authors: Ramamohan Varun , Yih Yuehwern , Abbott James T. , Klee George G.
Published: August 2013

Background: A statement of measurement uncertainty describes the quality of a clinical assay analysis result, and uncertainty models of clinical assays can be used to evaluate and optimize laboratory protocols designed to minimize the measurement uncertainty associated with an assay. In this study, we propose a methodology to lend systematic structure to the uncertainty modeling process.

Methods: Clinical laboratory assays are typically classified based on the chemical reaction involved, and therefore, based on the assay analysis methodology. We use this fact to demonstrate that uncertainty models for assays within the same category are structurally identical in all respects except for the values of certain model parameters. This is accomplished by building uncertainty models for assays belonging to two categories – substrate assays based on optical absorbance analysis of endpoint reactions, and ion selective electrode (ISE) assays based on potentiometric measurements of electromotive force.

Results: Uncertainty models for the substrate assays and the ISE assays are built, and for each category, a general mathematical framework for the uncertainty model is developed. The parameters of the general framework that vary from assay to assay for each category are identified and listed.

Conclusions: Estimates of measurement uncertainty from the models were compared with estimates of uncertainty from quality control data from the clinical laboratory. We demonstrate that building a general modeling framework for each assay category and plugging in parameter values for each assay is sufficient to generate uncertainty models for an assay within a given category.
Searching for genes involved in hypertension development in special populations: children and pre-eclamptic women. Where are we standing now?
Authors: Danese Elisa , Montagnana Martina , Fava Cristiano
Published: August 2013

Primary hypertension is a very common disorder particularly in the aging population but hypertensive disorders can appear earlier in life, especially when obesity and unhealthy lifestyle are present. Also pregnant women can be at risk of developing gestational hypertension and/or pre-eclampsia, which causes complications in nearly 7% of pregnancies. These “special” populations could be regarded as natural models suited to reveal mechanisms of hypertension development which are either common to other forms of hypertension, including primary hypertension or specific to these populations. Recent studies in the field of genetics of primary hypertension have used new powerful tools, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and sequencing, but studies about hypertension during childhood and in pregnancy have seldom used high-throughput technologies and the knowledge in this field comes mostly from the candidate gene approach. In this review we summarize some interesting results from genetic studies conducted in childhood and adolescence and during pregnancy and underline the need to apply modern technologies in these potentially very fruitful populations.
Analytic varieties with finite volume amoebas are algebraic
Authors: Madani Farid , Nisse Mounir
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we study the amoeba volume of a given k-dimensional generic analytic variety V of the complex algebraic torus

(

ℂ
*

)

n

$(\mathbb {C}^*)^n$

. When

n
≥
2
k

$n\ge 2k$

, we show that V is algebraic if and only if the volume of its amoeba is finite. Moreover, in this case, we establish a comparison theorem for the volume of the amoeba and the coamoeba. Examples and applications to the k-dimensional affine linear spaces are also given.
Arithmetic moduli and lifting of Enriques surfaces
Authors: Liedtke Christian
Published: August 2013

We construct the moduli space of Enriques surfaces in positive characteristic and
eventually over the integers,
and determine its local and global structure.
As an application, we show lifting of Enriques surfaces to characteristic zero. The key observation is that the canonical double
cover of an Enriques surface is birational to the
complete intersection of three quadrics in ℙ5, even
in characteristic 2.
Granule proteases of hematopoietic cells, a family of versatile inflammatory mediators – an update on their cleavage specificity, in vivo substrates, and evolution
Authors: Hellman Lars , Thorpe Michael
Published: August 2013

Cells from several of the hematopoietic cell lineages including mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, cytotoxic T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells store proteases at very high levels within their cytoplasmic granules. In mast cells, these proteases can account for up to 35% of the total cellular protein, and the absolute majority of these belong to the chymotrypsin-related serine protease family. A number of very diverse functions have been identified for these proteases, including apoptosis induction, blood pressure regulation, inactivation of insect and snake toxins, intestinal parasite expulsion, killing of bacteria and fungi, induction, mobilization, or degradation of cytokines, and the degradation of connective tissue components. A very broad spectrum of primary cleavage specificities has also been observed, including chymase, tryptase, asp-ase, elastase, and met-ase specificities, which highlights the large flexibility in the active site of these proteases. Mast cells primarily express chymases and tryptases with chymotryptic or tryptic primary cleavage specificities, respectively. Neutrophils have several enzymes with chymase, elastase, and tryptase specificities. T cells and NK cells express between 5 and 14 different granzymes, depending on the species, and these enzymes have tryptase, asp-ase, chymase, and met-ase specificities. This review focuses on the appearance of these proteases during vertebrate evolution, their primary and extended cleavage specificities, and their potential in vivo substrates. The in vivo substrates and functions are a particular challenging issue because several of these enzymes have a relatively broad specificity and may therefore cleave a wide range of different substrates.
Recrystalization Behavior of Coldworked 14Cr-15Ni-2Mo Austenitic Stainless Steel Under Tensile Deformation
Authors: Nandagopal M. , Parameswaran P. , Vijayanand V.D. , Panneerselvi S. , Laha K. , Mathew M.D.
Published: August 2013

Recrystallization behavior of 20% coldworked alloy D9 (14Cr-15Ni-2Mo austenitic stainless steel) during high temperature tensile deformation has been assessed. The alloy was produced by vacuum induction melting followed either by vacuum arc refining (VAR) or electroslag refining (ESR). Tensile studies were carried out at various temperatures between ambient and 1073 K at an interval of 50 K and at strain rate of 1.2 × 10−3 s−1. The peak in the stress-strain curve was observed for the tensile tests conducted at 973–1073 K. This is attributed to dynamic recrystallization during tensile deformation. The values of the apparent activation energy were estimated as 384 kJ/mol for ESR grade alloy D9 and 372 kJ/mol for VAR grade alloy D9 by hyperbolic-sine Arrhenius equation, which agree well with that required for dynamic recrystallization in stainless steels. TEM studies confirmed extensive recovery and dynamic recrystalization in both the alloys.
Iatrogenic venous thrombosis secondary to supplemental medicine toxicity
Authors: Newey Christopher Ryan , Sarwal Aarti , Tepper Deborah
Published: August 2013

Objective: We described a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a patient taking multiple supplements as part of a naturopathic anti-aging regimen.

Methods: Case report.

Results: The patient presented with a thalamic infarct associated with a thrombus in the vein of Galen. He reported no previous history of endocrinopathy and no known hypercoagulability risk factors. He was treated with therapeutic anticoagulation resulting in improvement. Diagnostic workup revealed hyperthyroidism and gonadotrophic deficiency attributed to significant supplement medicine usage.

Conclusion: This case highlights a potential risk of dietary supplements. Use of these supplements may be a risk factor for idiopathic cerebral venous thrombosis.
Cost-effective WDM-PON Delivering Up/Down-stream Data on a Single Wavelength Using Soliton Pulse
Authors: Tawade Laxman
Published: August 2013

This paper presents wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) system delivering downstream 2.5 Gbit/s data and upstream 1 Gbit/s data on a single wavelength using pulse source is mode locked laser which generating a single pulse of “sech” shape with specified power and width i.e. soliton pulse. The optical source for downstream data and upstream data is sech pulse generator at central office and reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) at each optical network unit. We also investigate analysis of backscattered optical signal for upstream data and downstream data simultaneously. Bit error rate, Q-Factor were measured to demonstrate the proposed scheme. In this paper Long reach aspects of an access network is investigated using single channel scenario.
Designing PMF with Negative Tap Coefficient Based on FBG Delay Line
Authors: Hou Fenfei , Yang Ming
Published: August 2013

DIRECT global optimization algorithm is innovatively used in design of PMF. Tap coefficient is attained by achieving DIRECT algorithm with C language and Matlab language is employed to simulate the amplitude response of filters. We have designed PMF (photonic microwave filter) with negative tap coefficient and then optimize the design. The minimum shape factor is as low as 1.3180. The results show that the algorithm is highly efficient in designing filter and can produce necessary passband and stopband response characteristics.
Dual-wavelength DFB Fiber Laser based Equivalent Phase Shift
Authors: Hou Fenfei , Yang Ming
Published: August 2013

A new structured dual-wavelength distributed feedback fiber laser is proposed. In this new structure, phase shift is introduced as well as equivalent phase shift. Theoretical analysis and simulation demonstrates this new structure is able to provide separate resonant cavities to overcome mode competition. Different channels of sampled fiber Bragg gratings are utilized simultaneously, so wide wavelength spacing could be achieved. A 31 GHz spaced dual-wavelength DFB fiber laser is achieved on an Er-doped fiber with excimer laser and homogeneous phase plate. Experiments shows that dual-wavelength lasing is achieved and laser power is in reverse proportion with coupling coefficient of the FBG.
Performance Analysis of a New Coded TH-CDMA Scheme in Dispersive Infrared Channel with Additive Gaussian Noise
Authors: Hamdi Mazda , Kenari Masoumeh Nasiri
Published: August 2013

We consider a time-hopping based multiple access scheme introduced in [1] for communication over dispersive infrared links, and evaluate its performance for correlator and matched filter receivers. In the investigated time-hopping code division multiple access (TH-CDMA) method, the transmitter benefits a low rate convolutional encoder. In this method, the bit interval is divided into N

c
chips and the output of the encoder along with a PN sequence assigned to the user determines the position of the chip in which the optical pulse is transmitted. We evaluate the multiple access performance of the system for correlation receiver considering background noise which is modeled as White Gaussian noise due to its large intensity. For the correlation receiver, the results show that for a fixed processing gain, at high transmit power, where the multiple access interference has the dominant effect, the performance improves by the coding gain. But at low transmit power, in which the increase of coding gain leads to the decrease of the chip time, and consequently, to more corruption due to the channel dispersion, there exists an optimum value for the coding gain. However, for the matched filter, the performance always improves by the coding gain. The results show that the matched filter receiver outperforms the correlation receiver in the considered cases. Our results show that, for the same bandwidth and bit rate, the proposed system excels other multiple access techniques, like conventional CDMA and time hopping scheme.
Genetic alterations in thyroid tumors from patients irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis treatment
Authors: Boaventura Paula , Pereira Dina , Celestino Ricardo , Mendes Adélia , Nakasawa Tadao , Teixeira-Gomes José , Sobrinho-Simões Manuel , Soares Paula
Published: August 2013

Objective

Exposure to ionizing radiation at young age is the strongest risk factor for the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).RET/PTCrearrangements are the most frequent genetic alterations associated with radiation-induced PTC, whereasBRAFandRASmutations andPAX8–PPARGrearrangement have been associated with sporadic PTC. We decided to search for such genetic alterations in PTCs of patients subjected in childhood to scalp irradiation.

Design

We studied 67 thyroid tumors from 49 individuals irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis scalp epilation: 36 malignant (12 cases of conventional PTC (cPTC), two cPTC metastases, 20 cases of follicular variant PTC (FVPTC), one oncocytic variant of PTC and one follicular carcinoma) and 31 follicular thyroid adenomas.

Methods

The lesions were screened for theBRAFV600EandNRASmutations and forRET/PTCandPAX8–PPARGrearrangements.

Results

BRAFV600Emutation was detected in seven of 14 (50%) cPTC and two of 20 FVPTC (10%) (P=0.019).NRASmutation was present in one case of FVPTC (5%).RET/PTC1rearrangement was found, by RT-PCR, in one of 17 cases (5.9%) and by fluorescencein situhybridization in two of six cases (33%).PAX8–PPARGrearrangement was not detected in any carcinoma. None of the follicular adenomas presented any of the aforementioned genetic alterations.

Conclusions

The prevalence ofBRAFV600Emutation in our series is the highest reported in series of PTCs arising in radiation-exposed individuals. The prevalence ofRET/PTC1rearrangement fits with the values recently described in a similar setting.
Adjuvant Treatment for Gastric Cancer: Chemotherapy Versus Radiation
Authors: Ashraf Noman , Hoffe Sarah , Kim Richard
Published: August 2013

Learning Objectives

Summarize trends of adjuvant treatment in gastric cancer. Describe the potential role of adjuvant chemotherapy versus radiation in gastric cancer.
The Systemic Inflammatory Response and Its Relationship to Pain and Other Symptoms in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Laird Barry J. , McMillan Donald C. , Fayers Peter , Fearon Kenneth , Kaasa Stein , Fallon Marie T. , Klepstad Pål
Published: August 2013

Introduction.

Inflammation has been identified as a hallmark of cancer and may be necessary for tumorgenesis and maintenance of the cancer state. Inflammation-related symptoms are common in those with cancer; however, little is known about the relationship between symptoms and systemic inflammation in cancer. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between symptoms and systemic inflammation in a large cohort of patients with advanced cancer.

Methods.

Data from an international cohort of patients with advanced cancer were analyzed. Symptoms and patient-related outcomes were recorded using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire—Core Questionnaire. Systemic inflammation was assessed using C-reactive protein levels. The relationship between these symptoms and systemic inflammation was examined using Spearman rank correlation (ρ) and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results.

Data were available for 1,466 patients across eight European countries; 1,215 patients (83%) had metastatic disease at study entry. The median survival was 3.8 months (interquartile range [IQR] 1.3–12.2 months). The following were associated with increased levels of inflammation: performance status (ρ = .179), survival (ρ = .347), pain (ρ = .154), anorexia (ρ = .206), cognitive dysfunction (ρ = .137), dyspnea (p= .150), fatigue (ρ = .197), physical dysfunction (ρ = .207), role dysfunction (ρ = .176), social dysfunction (ρ = .132), and poor quality of life (ρ = .178). All were statistically significant at p < .001.

Conclusion.

The results show that the majority of cancer symptoms are associated with inflammation. The strength of the potential relationship between systemic inflammation and common cancer symptoms should be examined further within the context of an anti-inflammatory intervention trial.
Exotic plant invasions under enhanced rainfall are constrained by soil nutrients and competition
Authors: Eskelinen Anu , Harrison Susan
Published: August 2013

To predict the net impact of climate change on invasions, it is critical to understand how its effects interact with environmental and biotic context. In a factorial field experiment, we examined how increased late‐season rainfall influences the growth and reproductive success of two widespread invasive species (Centaurea solstitialis and Aegilops triuncialis) in heterogeneous Californian grasslands, and, in particular, how its impact depends on habitat type, nutrient addition, and competition with resident species. Rainfall enhancement alone exhibited only weak effects, especially in naturally infertile and relatively uninvaded grasslands. In contrast, watering and fertilization together exhibited highly synergistic effects on both invasive species. However, the benefits of the combined treatment were greatly reduced or offset by the presence of surrounding competitors. Our results highlight the roles of nutrient limitation and biotic resistance by resident competitors in constraining the responses of invasive species to changes in rainfall. In systems with strong environmental control by precipitation, enhanced rainfall may promote invasions mainly under nutrient‐rich and disturbed conditions, while having lesser effects on nutrient‐poor, native “refuges.”
Effects of biodiversity, habitat structure, and water quality on recreational use of rivers
Authors: Doi Hideyuki , Katano Izumi , Negishi Junjiro N. , Sanada Seiji , Kayaba Yuichi
Published: August 2013

Anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity and habitat conditions can lead to loss of ecosystem services. Cultural services of ecosystems are one of the major categories of ecosystem services, but the relationships between ecosystem conditions and human uses of their cultural services are still largely unknown. To estimate the effects of biodiversity, habitat structure, and environmental pollution on recreational uses of ecosystems, existing data sets for 109 rivers across Japan were used to analyze the relationships among recreational uses of these rivers (fishing, playing in the river, walking, and engaging in sports near the river) and their biodiversity, habitat structure, and water quality. Fish diversity, habitat structure, and water quality had significant effects on the number of people fishing and playing in the rivers. The number of people walking and engaging in sports, which typically takes place on floodplains and dikes, was significantly positively related to the size of the surrounding population rather than to biodiversity or habitat structure. However, water quality had significant effects on such uses of river ecosystems, even though these activities did not involve direct contact with river water. Overall, a decline in biodiversity and ecosystem health was related to a decrease in recreational use.
Key landscape ecology metrics for assessing climate change adaptation options: rate of change and patchiness of impacts
Authors: López-Hoffman Laura , Breshears David D. , Allen Craig D. , Miller Marc L.
Published: August 2013

Under a changing climate, devising strategies to help stakeholders adapt to alterations to ecosystems and their services is of utmost importance. In western North America, diminished snowpack and river flows are causing relatively gradual, homogeneous (system‐wide) changes in ecosystems and services. In addition, increased climate variability is also accelerating the incidence of abrupt and patchy disturbances such as fires, floods and droughts. This paper posits that two key variables often considered in landscape ecology—the rate of change and the degree of patchiness of change—can aid in developing climate change adaptation strategies. We use two examples from the “borderland” region of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. In piñon‐juniper woodland die‐offs that occurred in the southwestern United States during the 2000s, ecosystem services suddenly crashed in some parts of the system while remaining unaffected in other locations. The precise timing and location of die‐offs was uncertain. On the other hand, slower, homogeneous change, such as the expected declines in water supply to the Colorado River delta, will likely impact the entire ecosystem, with ecosystem services everywhere in the delta subject to alteration, and all users likely exposed. The rapidity and spatial heterogeneity of faster, patchy climate change exemplified by tree die‐off suggests that decision‐makers and local stakeholders would be wise to operate under a Rawlsian “veil of ignorance,” and implement adaptation strategies that allow ecosystem service users to equitably share the risk of sudden loss of ecosystem services before actual ecosystem changes occur. On the other hand, in the case of slower, homogeneous, system‐wide impacts to ecosystem services as exemplified by the Colorado River delta, adaptation strategies can be implemented after the changes begin, but will require a fundamental rethinking of how ecosystems and services are used and valued. In sum, understanding how the rate of change and degree of patchiness of change will constrain adaptive options is a critical consideration in preparing for climate change.
Job Embeddedness Scoring: Measurement Equivalence Between Rural and Urban Nurses
Authors: Reitz O. Ed , Kim MyoungJin
Published: August 2013

This study examined the measurement equivalency (ME) of the job embeddedness (JE) instrument for rural and urban registered nurses (RNs) using a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional mailed survey. JE represents the sum of reasons an employee remains at the present job. RNs from both rural and urban areas returned a 40-item JE instrument designed to assess their level of embeddedness. Analysis was performed using a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis for JE ratings of rural and urban RNs. The findings indicated that the original 40-item JE instrument needed to be respecified to achieve adequate fit for the sample of rural and urban RNs. This 32-item respecified instrument demonstrated that rural and urban RNs use the same metric when giving ratings for JE items. The findings of ME across rural and urban RNs facilitate comparisons between the two groups. The implications of these findings are that differences in ratings between rural and urban RNs may be attributed to real differences and not merely measurement artifact. Examination of these differences may lead to real strategies to retain nurses, thus mitigating the impact of the global nursing shortage.
Intervention Fidelity in a Translational Study: Lessons Learned
Authors: Yates Bernice C. , Schumacher Karen L. , Norman Joseph F. , Krogstrand Kaye Stanek , Meza Jane , Shurmur Scott
Published: August 2013

This article examined the intervention fidelity strategies used and lessons learned in a translational study. In this study, the behavioral intervention was delivered within an existing clinical practice environment, outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The primary lessons learned were that the fidelity components of design, training, and delivery of the intervention were the most different from fidelity strategies used in typical intervention studies. The design component needed to take into account the unique characteristics of the clinical environments where the study was conducted and build these unique differences into the study design. Training and delivery of the intervention was different because existing CR staff delivered the intervention in this study; which is unlike typical intervention studies where research staff are trained to deliver the intervention. Monitoring receipt and enactment fidelity components were similar to monitoring in usual intervention studies probably because these components focus on monitoring the behaviors of the research participant. Translational research presents unique challenges and requires the development of a flexible and novel intervention fidelity plan tailored to a particular study.
Constructivist Philosophy and Nursing Student Medication Calculations
Authors: Newton Sarah E. , Harris Margaret , Pittiglio Laura
Published: August 2013

Prelicensure nursing students often have difficulty performing medication calculations (MCs). Faculty at one baccalaureate nursing program wanted to use nursing theory to guide the development of a teaching–learning approach related to MC’s. Finding little theory related to the topic of MCs, a constructivist-based teaching–learning approach was used instead. The purpose of the study was to assess whether nursing students who received an MC review class that used a teaching–learning approach based on constructivist philosophy had better results on an MC examination than students who received their review via traditional teaching–learning methods. The study participants consisted of two cohorts of first-semester junior-level nursing students from one university-based school of nursing in the Midwestern United States. The results indicated that students in the simulation review class had higher mean scores on an MC examination than students who received their review via more traditional means. Teaching–learning strategies related to MCs based on constructivist philosophy have the potential to improve student learning outcomes, but more research is needed before middle-range theory related to this critically important area of nursing education can be developed.
The Effect of Temporal Distance on Chinese Undergraduates' Entrepreneurial Decision Making
Authors: Ye YingHua
Published: August 2013

Previous researchers have shown that the entrepreneurial intentions and choices of freshmen and sophomores are higher than those of juniors and seniors in China. In order to explore the reasons for this phenomenon, I conducted an experiment with 126 undergraduates from 3 universities
in Zhejiang Province in China to study the relationship between temporal distance and undergraduates' entrepreneurial decision-making process. The results showed that: 1) temporal distance significantly influences undergraduates' entrepreneurial decision making, and 2) entrepreneurial decision
tasks in the distant future motivate the undergraduates' cognition of desire for results (high construal level), resulting in a more positive decision, while the tasks in the near future motivate the cognition of feasibility for process (low construal level), resulting in a more negative decision.
Perceived Social Support as Moderator of Perfectionism, Depression, and Anxiety in College Students
Authors: Zhou Xueting , Zhu Hong , Zhang Bin , Cai Taisheng
Published: August 2013

We examined the role of perceived social support in the relationship between perfectionism and depression/anxiety. Partial correlation and hierarchical regression were conducted using cross-sectional data from 426 college students. They completed questionnaires including positive and
negative perfectionism scales, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results showed that depression/anxiety were significantly correlated with perceived social support and perfectionism. Perceived social support significantly moderated
the influence of perfectionism upon depression/anxiety. These findings indicate that perceived social support may have a protective effect in preventing perfectionists from experiencing depression and anxiety.
Developing a Content-Based State Anxiety Questionnaire for Primary and Middle School Teachers in China
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Yang Bingjun
Published: August 2013

As a measure for anxiety of teachers, scales and questionnaires already available are not suitable because they do not identify an individual's susceptibility to a specific context according to his/her emotional status. In this research our aim was to develop and validate a Content-Based
State Anxiety Questionnaire for Primary and Middle School Teachers (CSAQ-PMT) in China. We carried out the study by first reviewing theories on state anxiety and then by conducting interviews and surveys using relevant available inventories. Our results showed that the CSAQ-PMT had good criterion
validity and internal consistency in reliability, and the structural validity was high. We expect our research results to contribute to the development and application of such scales in domain-specific areas.
Nutrient-Sensing Mechanisms in the Gut as Therapeutic Targets for Diabetes
Authors: Breen Danna M. , Rasmussen Brittany A. , Côté Clémence D. , Jackson V. Margaret , Lam Tony K.T.
Published: August 2013

The small intestine is traditionally viewed as an organ that mediates nutrient digestion and absorption. This view has recently been revised owing to the ability of the duodenum to sense nutrient influx and trigger negative feedback loops to inhibit glucose production and food intake to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Further, duodenal nutrient-sensing defects are acquired in diabetes and obesity, leading to increased glucose production. In contrast, jejunal nutrient sensing inhibits glucose production and mediates the early antidiabetic effect of bariatric surgery, and gut microbiota composition may alter intestinal nutrient-sensing mechanisms to regain better control of glucose homeostasis in diabetes and obesity in the long term. This perspective highlights nutrient-sensing mechanisms in the gut that regulate glucose homeostasis and the potential of targeting gut nutrient-sensing mechanisms as a therapeutic strategy to lower blood glucose concentrations in diabetes.
Inpatient Management of Diabetic Foot Disorders: A Clinical Guide
Authors: Wukich Dane K. , Armstrong David G. , Attinger Christopher E. , Boulton Andrew J.M. , Burns Patrick R. , Frykberg Robert G. , Hellman Richard , Kim Paul J. , Lipsky Benjamin A. , Pile James C. , Pinzur Michael S. , Siminerio Linda
Published: August 2013

The implementation of an inpatient diabetic foot service should be the goal of all institutions that care for patients with diabetes. The objectives of this team are to prevent problems in patients while hospitalized, provide curative measures for patients admitted with diabetic foot disorders, and optimize the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. Essential skills that are required for an inpatient team include the ability to stage a foot wound, assess for peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, wound infection, and the need for debridement; appropriately culture a wound and select antibiotic therapy; provide, directly or indirectly, for optimal metabolic control; and implement effective discharge planning to prevent a recurrence. Diabetic foot ulcers may be present in patients who are admitted for nonfoot problems, and these ulcers should be evaluated by the diabetic foot team during the hospitalization. Pathways should be in place for urgent or emergent treatment of diabetic foot infections and neuropathic fractures/dislocations. Surgeons involved with these patients should have knowledge and interest in limb preservation techniques. Prevention of iatrogenic foot complications, such as pressure sores of the heel, should be a priority in patients with diabetes who are admitted for any reason: all hospitalized diabetic patients require a clinical foot exam on admission to identify risk factors such as loss of sensation or ischemia. Appropriate posthospitalization monitoring to reduce the risk of reulceration and infection should be available, which should include optimal glycemic control and correction of any fluid and electrolyte disturbances.
Constructing isothermal curvature line coordinates on surfaces which admit them
Authors: Aulisa Eugenio , Toda Magdalena , Kose Zeynep
Published: August 2013

Isothermic parameterizations are synonyms of isothermal curvature line parameterizations, for surfaces immersed in Euclidean spaces. We provide a method of constructing isothermic coordinate charts on surfaces which admit them, starting from an arbitrary chart. One of the primary applications of this work consists of numerical algorithms for surface visualization.
Quotients of an affine variety by an action of a torus
Authors: Chuvashova Olga , Pechenkin Nikolay
Published: August 2013

Let X be an affine T-variety. We study two different quotients for the action of T on X: the toric Chow quotient X/C
T and the toric Hilbert scheme H. We introduce a notion of the main component H
0 of H, which parameterizes general T-orbit closures in X and their flat limits. The main component U
0 of the universal family U over H is a preimage of H
0. We define an analogue of a universal family WX over the main component of X/C
T. We show that the toric Chow morphism restricted on the main components lifts to a birational projective morphism from U
0 to W
X. The variety W
X also provides a geometric realization of the Altmann-Hausen family. In particular, the notion of W
X allows us to provide an explicit description of the fan of the Altmann-Hausen family in the toric case.
On weak-strong uniqueness property for full compressible magnetohydrodynamics flows
Authors: Yan Weiping
Published: August 2013

This paper is devoted to the study of the weak-strong uniqueness property for full compressible magnetohydrodynamics flows. The governing equations for magnetohydrodynamic flows are expressed by the full Navier-Stokes system for compressible fluids enhanced by forces due to the presence of the magnetic field as well as the gravity and an additional equation which describes the evolution of the magnetic field. Using the relative entropy inequality, we prove that a weak solution coincides with the strong solution, emanating from the same initial data, as long as the latter exists.
Algorithms for permutability in finite groups
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches Adolfo , Cosme-Llópez Enric , Esteban-Romero Ramón
Published: August 2013

In this paper we describe some algorithms to identify permutable and Sylow-permutable subgroups of finite groups, Dedekind and Iwasawa finite groups, and finite T-groups (groups in which normality is transitive), PT-groups (groups in which permutability is transitive), and PST-groups (groups in which Sylow permutability is transitive). These algorithms have been implemented in a package for the computer algebra system GAP.
Rings of constants of four-variable Lotka-Volterra systems
Authors: Zieliński Janusz
Published: August 2013

Lotka-Volterra systems appear in population biology, plasma physics, laser physics and derivation theory, among many others. We determine the rings of constants of four-variable Lotka-Volterra derivations with four parameters C
1, C
2, C
3, C
4 ∈ k, where k is a field of characteristic zero. Thus, we give a full description of polynomial first integrals of the respective systems of differential equations.
Quantum B-algebras
Authors: Rump Wolfgang
Published: August 2013

The concept of quantale was created in 1984 to develop a framework for non-commutative spaces and quantum mechanics with a view toward non-commutative logic. The logic of quantales and its algebraic semantics manifests itself in a class of partially ordered algebras with a pair of implicational operations recently introduced as quantum B-algebras. Implicational algebras like pseudo-effect algebras, generalized BL- or MV-algebras, partially ordered groups, pseudo-BCK algebras, residuated posets, cone algebras, etc., are quantum B-algebras, and every quantum B-algebra can be recovered from its spectrum which is a quantale. By a two-fold application of the functor “spectrum”, it is shown that quantum B-algebras have a completion which is again a quantale. Every quantale Q is a quantum B-algebra, and its spectrum is a bigger quantale which repairs the deficiency of the inverse residuals of Q. The connected components of a quantum B-algebra are shown to be a group, a fact that applies to normal quantum B-algebras arising in algebraic number theory, as well as to pseudo-BCI algebras and quantum BL-algebras. The logic of quantum B-algebras is shown to be complete.
On mild solutions of gradient systems in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Rozkosz Andrzej
Published: August 2013

We consider the Cauchy problem for an infinite-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck equation perturbed by gradient of a potential. We prove some results on existence and uniqueness of mild solutions of the problem. We also provide stochastic representation of mild solutions in terms of linear backward stochastic differential equations determined by the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator and the potential.
Coherence classes of ideals of normal lattices with applications to C(X)
Authors: Dube Themba
Published: August 2013

Given a topological space X, Jenkins and McKnight have shown how ideals of the ring C(X) are partitioned into equivalence classes — called coherence classes — defined by declaring ideals to be equivalent if their pure parts are identical. In this paper we consider a similar partitioning of the lattice of ideals of a normal bounded distributive lattice. We then apply results obtained herein to augment some of those of Jenkins and McKnight. In particular, for Tychonoff spaces, new results include the following:

(a)all members of any coherence class have the same annihilator(b)every ideal is alone in its coherence class if and only if the space is a P-space.
Extent partitions and context extensions
Authors: Ganter Bernhard , Körei Attila , Radeleczki Sándor
Published: August 2013

We prove that the extent partitions of a formal context $$\mathbb{K}: = (G,M,I)$$ can be constructed from the box extents of it, which form a complete atomistic lattice. $$\mathbb{K}$$ is called a one-object extension of the subcontext (H, M, J) if it is obtained by adding a new element with attributes in M to the set H. We investigate the interplay between the box extents of (H, M, J) and those of its one-object extension $$\mathbb{K}$$, and describe those extent partitions of (H, M, J) which can be extended to $$\mathbb{K}$$.
Nonsingular bilinear forms on direct sums of ideals
Authors: Rothkegel Beata
Published: August 2013

In the paper we formulate a criterion for the nonsingularity of a bilinear form on a direct sum of finitely many invertible ideals of a domain. We classify these forms up to isometry and, in the case of a Dedekind domain, up to similarity.
TN-groupoids
Authors: Han Jeong , Kim Hee , Neggers J.
Published: August 2013

In this paper we introduce the notion of TN-groupoids in an arbitrary groupoid, and discuss some properties in Bin(X), and obtain several results related with non-negativity of norms.
Extremal solutions of Cauchy problems for abstract fractional differential equations
Authors: Wang JinRong , Zhou Yong , Medveď Milan
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we study the extremal solutions of Cauchy problems for abstract fractional differential equations. Some definitions such as L
1-Lipschitz-like, L
1-Carathéodory-like and L
1-Chandrabhan-like are introduced. By virtue of the singular integral inequalities with several nonlinearities due to Medved’, the properties of solutions are given. By using a hybrid fixed point theorem due to Dhage, existence results for extremal solutions are established. Finally, we present an example to illustrate our main results.
Existence of periodic solutions for sublinear second order dynamical system with (q, p)-Laplacian
Authors: Yang Xiaoxia , Chen Haibo
Published: August 2013

In this paper, some existence theorems are obtained for periodic solutions of second order dynamical system with (q, p)-Laplaician by using the least action principle and the saddle point theorem. Our results improve Pasca and Tang’ results.
Spaces of lower semicontinuous set-valued maps
Authors: Holá Ľubica , Holý Dušan
Published: August 2013

We give a negative answer to Problem 2 posed by R. A. McCoy in his paper [McCoy R. A.: Spaces of lower semicontinuous set-valued maps II, Math. Slovaca 60 (2010), 541–570]. Some topological properties of the space L
−(X) introduced in [McCOY R. A.: Spaces of lower semicontinuous set-valued maps I, Math. Slovaca 60 (2010), 521–540] equipped with the Vietoris topology are also investigated.
Fixed point results for mappings satisfying (ψ
φ)-weakly contractive condition in ordered partial metric spaces
Authors: Nashine Hemant
Published: August 2013

In [18], Matthews introduced a new class of metric spaces, that is, the concept of partial metric spaces, or equivalently, weightable quasi-metrics, are investigated to generalize metric spaces (X, d), to develop and to introduce a new fixed point theory. In partial metric spaces, the self-distance for any point need not be equal to zero. In this paper, we study some results for single map satisfying (ψ,φ)-weakly contractive condition in partial metric spaces endowed with partial order. An example is given to support the useability of our results.
Vector fields on certain quotients of complex Stiefel manifolds
Authors: Gondhali Shilpa , Sankaran Parameswaran
Published: August 2013

We consider quotients of complex Stiefel manifolds by finite cyclic groups whose action is induced by the scalar multiplication on the corresponding complex vector space. We obtain a description of their tangent bundles, compute their mod p cohomology and obtain estimates for their span (with respect to their standard differentiable structure). We compute the Pontrjagin and Stiefel-Whitney classes of these manifolds and give applications to their stable parallelizability.
Reducing School Mobility
Authors: Fiel Jeremy E. , Haskins Anna R. , Turley Ruth N. López
Published: August 2013

Student turnover has many negative consequences for students and schools, and the high mobility rates of disadvantaged students may exacerbate inequality. Scholars have advised schools to reduce mobility by building and improving relationships with and among families, but such efforts are rarely tested rigorously. A cluster-randomized field experiment in 52 predominantly Hispanic elementary schools in San Antonio, Texas, and Phoenix, Arizona, tested whether student mobility in early elementary school was reduced through Families and Schools Together (FAST), an intervention that builds social capital among families, children, and schools. FAST failed to reduce mobility overall but substantially reduced the mobility of Black students, who were especially likely to change schools. Improved relationships among families help explain this finding.
Connecting Self-Esteem and Achievement
Authors: Hope Elan C. , Chavous Tabbye M. , Jagers Robert J. , Sellers Robert M.
Published: August 2013

Using a person-oriented approach, we explored patterns of self-esteem and achievement among 324 Black college students across the freshman college year and identified four academic identification profiles. Multivariate analyses revealed profile differences in academic and psychological outcomes at beginning and end of freshman year (academic contingencies of self-esteem, anxiety, depressive symptoms, perceived stress), suggesting different conditions under which connections between self-esteem and achievement relate to positive or negative adjustment. Results also suggested a strong, positive racial group identification supports psychologically adaptive connections between self-esteem and achievement. Findings highlight challenges and benefits of connecting self-esteem to achievement for Black college students, heterogeneity within this population, and the relevance of considering race and cultural factors when studying achievement motivation processes among Black students.