bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tricuspid Valve Surgery in Patients Receiving Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Tie Hongtao , Shi Rui , Welp Henryk , Martens Sven , Li Zhenhan , Sindermann Jürgen R. , Martens Sabrina
Published: July 2022

Background Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is common and related to poor prognosis in patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. The concomitant tricuspid valve surgery (TVS) at the time of LVAD implantation on short and long-term outcomes are controversial in current evidence.

Methods This is a single-center, observational, retrospective study. We enrolled patients with moderate-to-severe TR who received LVAD implantations from 2009 to 2020. Postoperative right ventricular failure (RVF), right ventricular assist device (RVAD) use, hospital mortality, new-onset renal replacement therapy (RRT), and acute kidney injury (AKI) were evaluated retrospectively.

Results Sixty-eight patients were included, 36 with and 32 without concomitant TVS. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Patients receiving TVS had significantly increased incidences of postoperative RVF (52.8 vs. 25.0%, p = 0.019), RVAD implantation (41.7 vs. 18.8%, p = 0.041), and new-onset RRT (22.2 vs. 0%, p = 0.004). No difference in the incidence of AKI and hospital mortality was detected. Besides, these associations remained consistent in patients who underwent LVAD implantation via median sternotomy. During a median follow-up of 2.76 years, Kaplan–Meier analysis and competing-risk analysis showed that TVS was not associated with better overall survival in patients after LVAD implantation compared with the no-TVS group.

Conclusion Our study suggests that concomitant TVS failed to show benefits in patients receiving LVAD implantation. Even worse, concomitant TVS is associated with significantly increased incidences of RVF, RVAD use, and new-onset of RRT. Considering the small sample size and short follow-up, these findings warrant further study.
Bone Remodeling in Mandible of Wistar Rats with Diabetes Mellitus and Osteoporosis
Authors: Hendrijantini Nike , Suisan Yonatan Christian , Megantara Rizko Wira Artha , Tumali Bambang Agustono Satmoko , Kuntjoro Mefina , Ari Muhammad Dimas Aditya , Sitalaksmi Ratri Maya , Hong Guang
Published: July 2022

Objectives This study aimed to determine some of bone molecular expressions and its possible bone remodeling pathway between diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis model in the mandibular bone of Wistar rats.

Materials and Methods Twenty-seven female Wistar rats were divided randomly into control and treatment groups. Treatment groups were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce DM (P1) and underwent bilateral ovariectomy to generate osteoporosis (P2). All groups were terminated after 12 weeks. Immunohistochemical and hematoxylin–eosin staining were performed to determine the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Osterix, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and observed the osteoblast and osteoclast. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance.

Results The lowest mean of RUNX2 and VEGF expression was found in the P2 group. The lowest mean of Osterix expression was found in the P1 group. Both P1 and P2 groups of osteoblast/osteoclast ratio were decreased. There were no significant differences in the expression of TRAP between all groups; however, increased expression of RANKL/OPG ratio was only found in the P2 group.

Conclusion DM and osteoporosis induce changes in the bone remodeling pathway which are represented by a decrease in osteoblast biomarkers and an increase in osteoclast biomarkers.
Immunohistochemical Evaluation of the Pathological Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on the Major Salivary Glands of Albino Rats
Authors: Alqahtani Mashael Saeed , Hassan Sherif Sayed
Published: July 2022

Objectives Diabetes mellitus is a notorious chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Our study aimed to determine the expression of cytokeratin 17 (CK17) in all major salivary glands of diabetic albino rats to provide more information about the pathological effects of DM on the intracellular structures of the gland parenchyma.

Materials and Methods Twenty male adult albino rats were utilized in the experiment and divided into two equal groups, group 1 (control rats) and group 2 (diabetic rats). The animals were sacrificed 45 days after diabetes induction. The major salivary gland complex of all groups was dissected and prepared for evaluation by histological and immunohistochemical expression of CK17.

Results Histological results prove that the salivary gland parenchyma of diabetic group undergo gland atrophy characterized with the presence of degenerated acini, dilated duct system, and presence of duct-like structure with predominance of fibrous tissue compartment and discrete fat cells. Immunohistochemical expression of CK17 of major salivary gland of control group revealed negative to diffuse mild expression in all duct cells and some serous acinar cells, whereas mucous acini were negatively stained. On the other hand, major salivary gland parenchyma of diabetic group demonstrated mild to strong expression of duct cells more concentrated at their apical part with moderate to strong expression of some serous acini of diffuse type, whereas mucous acini of both submandibular gland and sublingual gland were negatively stained.

Conclusion The severity and prevalence of CK 17 in our results are predictive of the pathological influence of the DM that interferes with saliva production and/or secretion leading to dry mouth. The results also showed clear changes in the cytokeratin expression of diabetic sublingual salivary gland, although it had little effect in the routine histological study with hematoxylin and eosin, confirming that routine studies are not sufficient to form a definitive opinion.
Evaluation of Skeletal Changes after Mandibular Setback Surgery Using the NM-Low Z Plasty Technique in Skeletal Class III Patients
Authors: Imampai Sarunpong , Patchanee Siripatra , Klaisiri Awiruth , Chaiprakit Narissaporn
Published: July 2022

Objective The study's objective was to evaluate skeletal changes in 38 skeletal class III patients following mandibular setback surgery using NM-Low Z plasty.

Materials and Methods Thirty-eight skeletal class III patients (ANB angle lower than 0) who underwent the NM-Low Z plasty technique for surgical mandibular setback procedure at Thammasat University Hospital between January 2017 and March 2020 were included in the study: 29 patients had two jaw surgeries, and 9 patients had one jaw surgery. An additional 14 patients had genioplasty. Three lateral cephalograms were traced and digitized with Dolphin Imaging software: T0, T1, and T2. The distance between the B-point and the SN7 perpendicular line defined immediate changes after surgery (T1-T0) and stability after surgery (T2-T1). The reliability test included 6 cephalograms retraced after 2-week interval. At point B, the principal result was horizontal movement forward.

Statistical Analysis The analysis used paired t-tests.

Results The mean mandibular setback was 9.78 mm, and the mean skeletal relapse was 2.61 mm, or 26.69%. Statistical analysis showed postoperative differences (p < 0.05). Vertical measurement in B-SN7 reduced immediately and postoperatively.

Conclusion Postoperatively, the mandible relapsed significantly forward and upward. Rotational relapse is a concern with NM-Low Z plasty in hypo-/normodivergent patients.
Role of Serum Ferritin and PRISM-III in Predicting Mortality in Children with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Northern India
Authors: Toteja Nisha , Sasidharan Rohit , Kumar Sachin , Zaman Kamran , Singh Vijay Kumar , Jaiswal Vineet , Srivastava Kanchan , Tiwari Harish , Mittal Mahima
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of serum ferritin (SF) and PRISM-III (Pediatric Risk of Mortality) score in predicting mortality in critically ill children aged 6 months to 15 years diagnosed with acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This prospective observational study was conducted in the PICU of a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern India between July 2018 and June 2019. The primary outcome was to determine the association of admission SF levels with mortality. Secondary outcomes included estimating the prevalence of hyperferritinemia and comparing SF with PRISM-III scores in predicting mortality. Etiology could be established in 85.5% (n = 219) of the 256 children enrolled. Scrub typhus accounted for nearly two-thirds of the cases (60.5%), while dengue and Japanese encephalitis were the next common diagnoses. The median [interquartile range] SF at admission was significantly higher among the nonsurvivors than survivors: 514 [260–1,857] and 318 [189–699] µg/L, respectively (p = 0.029). SF and PRISM-III independently predicted mortality in AES. However, both had poor discriminatory power with area under receiver operating curve (95% confidence interval) of 0.61 (0.51–0.72) and 0.67 (0.56–0.77), respectively. Elevated SF and higher PRISM-III scores independently predicted mortality in children admitted to PICU with AES.
Identifying conserved genes involved in crop tolerance to cold stress
Authors: Yousefi Sanaz , Marchese Annalisa , Salami Seyed Alireza , Benny Jubina , Giovino Antonio , Perrone Anna , Caruso Tiziano , Gholami Mansour , Sarikhani Hassan , Buti Matteo , Martinelli Federico
Published: July 2022

Low temperature is a limiting factor for crop productivity in tropical and subtropical climates. Cold stress response in plants involves perceiving and relaying the signal through a transcriptional cascade composed of different transduction components, resulting in altered gene activity. We performed a meta-analysis of four previously published datasets of cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive crops to better understand the gene regulatory networks and identify key genes involved in cold stress tolerance conserved across phylogenetically distant species. Re-analysing the raw data with the same bioinformatics pipeline, we identified common cold tolerance-related genes. We found 236 and 242 commonly regulated genes in sensitive and tolerant genotypes, respectively. Gene enrichment analysis showed that protein modifications, hormone metabolism, cell wall, and secondary metabolism are the most conserved pathways involved in cold tolerance. Upregulation of the abiotic stress (heat and drought/salt) related genes [heat shock N-terminal domain-containing protein, 15.7 kDa class I-related small heat shock protein-like, DNAJ heat shock N-terminal domain-containing protein, and HYP1 (HYPOTHETICAL PROTEIN 1)] in sensitive genotypes and downregulation of the abiotic stress (heat and drought/salt) related genes (zinc ion binding and pollen Ole e 1 allergen and extensin family protein) in tolerant genotypes was observed across the species. Almost all development-related genes were upregulated in tolerant and downregulated in sensitive genotypes. Moreover, protein–protein network analysis identified highly interacting proteins linked to cold tolerance. Mapping of abiotic stress-related genes on analysed species genomes provided information that could be essential to developing molecular markers for breeding and building up genetic improvement strategies using CRISPR/Cas9 technologies.
Trichomoniasis among men presenting to a sexual health clinic in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Webb Brooke , Graham Maryza , Korman Tony M.
Published: July 2022

In response to the report by Abraham et al., we present our observations of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) detection in men tested at a public hospital laboratory in Melbourne, Australia, using a multiplex PCR. These studies provide valuable information about TV prevalence in urban communities.
Profiling inclusion characteristics in submerged arc welded metals of EH36 shipbuilding steel treated by CaF2–TiO2 fluxes
Authors: Yuan Xiaobo , Wu Yongwu , Zhong Ming , Basu Somnath , Wang Zhanjun , Wang Cong
Published: July 2022

EH36 shipbuilding steel has been submerged arc welded under 6 kJ mm−1 heat input employing CaF2–TiO2 fluxes. Ensuing weld metals have been examined with an emphasis on inclusion characteristics. Compositional-wise, the inclusion ensemble is largely categorised as a complex Ti-containing type. It is demonstrated that, as a function of TiO2 content, the average Ti content in the inclusions is gradually enhanced, which is compensated by the simultaneous reduction of Al and Mn. Meanwhile, inclusion size distribution curves show log-normal patterns with the frequency peaks ranging from 0.3 to 0.4 μm. Furthermore, inclusion number density and volume fraction show a definitive increasing trend, which are concurrent to the O uptake from 110 to 210 ppm enabled by TiO2 decomposition.
Experimental comparison of partial discharge between fast-switching pulse waves and square waves
Authors: Emersic Christopher , Cotton Ian
Published: July 2022

The behaviour of partial discharge has been examined for unipolar turn-to-turn-like waveforms with short 10%–90% rise-times of approximately 25 ns. Such waveforms simulate what may be seen between turns on random-wound inverter-fed electrical machines driven by ultra-fast switching wide-bandgap power semiconductors. The influence of pressure, voltage polarity, and pulse duration was examined, with particular focus on environments relevant to aerospace. Pulse waves were observed to generate distinct partial discharge behaviour relative to square waves, with important implications for detection and lifetime assessment. Partial discharge likelihood for pulse waves at a given voltage was reduced, with comparable discharge activity requiring an additional several hundred volts at both ambient pressure and 116 hPa. Partial discharge events typically occur sooner after voltage rise for shorter duration pulses, whereas discharges occasionally occurred over 1 ms after voltage rise for longer-duration 10–100 Hz square waves at lower pressures, which may be outside the window of detection of some instrumentation. While observations and stochastic behaviour were interpreted within the context of space charge and the latest understanding of Volume-Time theory, some observations have not been able to be accounted for. These include observed stochastic trends between partial discharge delay time and unipolar pulse duration not correlating well, a reduced delay between voltage change and partial discharge activity during voltage fall relative to rise, and the lack of observed partial discharge activity after voltage fall for unipolar voltage pulse durations less than 50 µs.
Numerical study of terahertz radiations from difference frequency generation with large spectral tunability and significantly enhanced conversion efficiencies boosted by 1D leaky modes
Authors: Jiang Hui , Han Zhanghua
Published: July 2022

The nonlinear optical process of difference frequency generation (DFG) is a prominent technique to produce continuous-wave terahertz radiations while its low conversion efficiency calls for substantial enhancement using artificial structures. All-dielectric nanostructures supporting the quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBIC) appear as a promising approach to this end. To achieve the utmost of enhancement, both input lightwaves of the DFG should work at the QBIC conditions and in many cases a spectral tunability of the input wavelength is necessary. All these requirements go beyond the capability of conventional QBIC which can only happen within a narrow bandwidth for a given structure. In this work, we numerically demonstrate that these restrictions can be eliminated by using our recently proposed concept of one-dimensional leaky modes with ultrahigh Q factors and large operation bandwidth. Using an elaborately designed structures in the form of binary waveguide gratings (BWGs) made from LiNbO3 thin film, we demonstrate that a conversion efficiency enhanced by the order of 1011 can be achieved using the BWGs made from LiNbO3, compared to the case of a bare LiNbO3 thin film. Furthermore, enhanced THz generations over a large spectral range can be easily achieved by changing the incident angle of one input light beam while tuning its wavelength to match the requirement for the leaky resonance excitation at that angle.
First-principles study of the specific heat of glass at the glass transition with a case study on glycerol
Authors: Shirai Koun , Watanabe Kota , Momida Hiroyoshi
Published: July 2022

The standard method to determine the transition temperature (T

g
) of glasses is the jump in the specific heat,

Δ

C

p

. Despite its importance, standard theory for this jump is lacking. The difficulties include lack of proper treatment of the specific heat of liquids, hysteresis, and the timescale issue. The first part of this paper provides a non-empirical method for calculating the specific heat in the glass transition. The method consists of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on density-functional theory (DFT) and thermodynamics methods. Calculation of the total energy, which is the heart of DFT, is the most general method for obtaining specific heat for any state of matters. The influence of energy dissipation processes on specific heat is treated by adiabatic MD simulations. The problems of hysteresis and the timescale are alleviated by restricting the scope of calculations to equilibrium states only. The second part of this paper demonstrates the validity and usefulness of the methods by applying to the specific-heat jump of glycerol. By decomposing

Δ

C

p

into contributions of the structural, phonon, and thermal expansion energies, an appropriate interpretation for the specific-heat jump has been established: the major contribution to

Δ

C

p

is the change in the structural energy. From this, a neat energy diagram about the glass transition is obtained. An outcome of this study is verification of the empirical relationship between the fragility and the specific-heat jump. These two quantities scale to the ratio

k
=

T

g

/

Δ

T

g

, where

Δ

T

g

is the width of the transition, through which the two quantities are interrelated.
Probing the charge transfer mechanisms in type-II Cs2AgBiBr6-CdSe composite system: ultrafast insights
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Shukla Ayushi , Babu Kaliyamoorthy Justice , Bhatt Himanshu , Ghosh Hirendra N
Published: July 2022

Lead-free halide-based double perovskites (DPs) have established themselves as the emerging nontoxic alternatives for photovoltaic (PV) applications thus substituting the long-standing lead halide perovskites. Among the prospective lead-free DPs, Cs2AgBiBr6 has gained immense popularity owing to the fascinating properties demonstrated by them including low carrier effective mass and microsecond lifetime for electron–hole recombination. Nevertheless, the large, indirect bandgap remains the prime hurdle that restrains commercialization of the Cs2AgBiBr6 DPs based PV devices. A rational solution could be designing its heterostructure with another suitable material that could mitigate the inadequacies of Cs2AgBiBr6 DPs. With this line of thought, herein we synthesized a composite of Cs2AgBiBr6 DPs with CdSe NCs and then performed transient absorption (TA) spectroscopic measurements to introspect its photophysical aspects. Executing excitation energy-dependent studies clearly reveal the carrier transfer efficiency to be strongly pump-dependent. Upon exciting with 350 nm pump, in compliance with the energy band alignment and tendency of both the constituents to be photoexcited across their bandgap, there is a bidirectional transfer of hot electrons anticipated in the composite system. Nevertheless, the TA outcomes indicate the transfer of hot electrons from CdSe to Cs2AgBiBr6 to be more favorable out of the bidirectional pathways. Employing further lower pump energies (480 nm) when only CdSe NCs are capable of being excited, the transfer efficiency of the electrons from CdSe to Cs2AgBiBr6 is noticed to be fairly low. Besides this, when the pump wavelength is tuned to 530 nm i.e. quite close to the CdSe band edge, no electron transfer is noticeable despite the anticipation from thermodynamic feasibility. Thus, as reflected by the TA kinetics, electron transfer is discerned to be more efficient from the hot states rather than the band edges. Most advantageously, charge separation is successfully achieved in this never explored composite architecture which eases the carrier extraction and minimizes the otherwise prevalent fast recombination processes.
Deformable image registration with deep network priors: a study on longitudinal PET images
Authors: Fourcade Constance , Ferrer Ludovic , Moreau Noémie , Santini Gianmarco , Brennan Aislinn , Rousseau Caroline , Lacombe Marie , Fleury Vincent , Colombié Mathilde , Jézéquel Pascal , Rubeaux Mathieu , Mateus Diana
Published: July 2022

Objective. This paper proposes a novel approach for the longitudinal registration of PET imaging acquired for the monitoring of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Unlike with other image analysis tasks, the use of deep learning (DL) has not significantly improved the performance of image registration. With this work, we propose a new registration approach to bridge the performance gap between conventional and DL-based methods: medical image registration method regularized by architecture (MIRRBA). Approach.
MIRRBA is a subject-specific deformable registration method which relies on a deep pyramidal architecture to parametrize the deformation field. Diverging from the usual deep-learning paradigms, MIRRBA does not require a learning database, but only a pair of images to be registered that is used to optimize the network's parameters. We applied MIRRBA on a private dataset of 110 whole-body PET images of patients with metastatic breast cancer. We used different architecture configurations to produce the deformation field and studied the results obtained. We also compared our method to several standard registration approaches: two conventional iterative registration methods (ANTs and Elastix) and two supervised DL-based models (LapIRN and Voxelmorph). Registration accuracy was evaluated using the Dice score, the target registration error, the average Hausdorff distance and the detection rate, while the realism of the registration obtained was evaluated using Jacobian's determinant. The ability of the different methods to shrink disappearing lesions was also computed with the disappearing rate. Main results. MIRRBA significantly improved all metrics when compared to DL-based approaches. The organ and lesion Dice scores of Voxelmorph improved by 6% and 52% respectively, while the ones of LapIRN increased by 5% and 65%. Regarding conventional approaches, MIRRBA presented comparable results showing the feasibility of our method. Significance. In this paper, we also demonstrate the regularizing power of deep architectures and present new elements to understand the role of the architecture in DL methods used for registration.
Study on current discrepancy and redistribution of HTS non-insulation closed-loop coils during charging/discharging and subsequent transient process toward steady-state operation
Authors: Lu Li , Wu Wei , Gao Yusong , Pan Chengyun , Yu Xin , Zhang Chao , Jin Zhijian
Published: July 2022

It has been previously demonstrated that currents in HTS non-insulation (NI) coils exhibit a discrepant distribution during charging and discharging. However, for NI closed-loop coils, novel phenomena that arose from the current discrepancy have not been fully studied, especially during transient processes after charging and discharging, or more strictly speaking, after the persistent current switch returns to the superconducting state. For example, in our project of a prototype maglev system, a rapid decrease in the magnetic field was observed immediately after charging, which could be easily misinterpreted as a sign of local damage. However, the subsequent stability of the magnetic field with the expected decay rate of

<

1

%

d−1 illustrated that there was no such damage. To address this issue, in this study, a NI closed-loop coil was fabricated and simulated by an equivalent circuit model (per 46 turns as a L–R circuit element and 20 elements in total for 920 turns) coupled with a 3D finite-element-method model. Simulated results were in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements, demonstrating a significant discrepancy in azimuthal currents during charging and discharging; this is essentially due to variations in inductances across each turn of NI coils. In addition, azimuthal currents may initially flow in the direction opposite to the coil voltage in turns with lower resistivity relative to other turns. In correspondence with the observed novel phenomena, after charging or discharging, azimuthal currents undergo redistribution until converging to a stable value, which exhibits a transient process and leads to a rapid decrease or increase of magnetic field in specific positions. The following issues were also discussed: (1) the judgement of operational current could be disturbed by the discrepant current distribution, due to its impact on the spatial magnetic field, not only for NI closed-loop coils but also for open-loop ones; (2) the non-uniformity of currents in NI closed-loop coils is lower, compared to that in open-loop ones with the same joint resistance and turn-to-turn resistivity distribution; (3) a new strategy with multiple charging processes is necessary for precisely charging NI closed-loop coils to the target current.
Assessment of radon exhalation rates, effective radium content and radiological exposure dose, of coal and rocks in Tiru Valley Coal Field, India using track etched technique
Authors: Gogoi Pranjal Protim , Barooah Debajyoti
Published: July 2022

In this study, the outcomes of assessments of radon exhalation rates for both mass and surface, radium content and annual effective dose from 45 numbers of geological samples in Tiru Valley Coal Field area are presented. The nuclear track detector LR-115 (II) of bulk etch rate, VB = 4 μm h−1 with a spark counter to archive alpha track density of radon was used to measure radon exhalation rate from the samples and to assess radiological exposure in the coalfield area, which has significant geological characteristics. In this work, the surface exhalation rates for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone samples have been estimated to be in the range of 217.4–659.9 mBq m−2 h−1, 234.0–381.1 mBq m−2 h−1 and 337.1–741.4 mBq m−2 h−1, respectively. The mass exhalation rates for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone samples varied in the range of 6.5–19.8 mBq kg–1 h−1, 7.0–11.4 mBq kg–1 h−1, and 10.1–22.2 mBq kg–1 h−1, respectively. The radium contents have been found to vary in the range of 6.7–20.3 Bq kg−1, 7.2–11.8 Bq kg−1 and 10.4–22.9 Bq kg−1 for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone respectively. The annual effective doses related to the inhalation of radon from the exposure to the samples have been estimated to be in the range of 15.8–47.9 μSv y−1, 17.0–27.7 μSv y−1 and 24.5–53.8 μSv y−1 for coal, carbonaceous shale and sandstone respectively. In this investigation, the lifetime fatality-risks have also been assessed. The values were generally higher in rock samples than in coal. However, the findings have shown that the obtained values are within the internationally accepted recommended values.
Generation of 12 W 257 nm laser pulses by sum-frequency generation based on LBO crystals
Authors: Cha Yong-Ho , Kim Suwon , Park Hyunmin
Published: July 2022

We have generated high-power deep ultraviolet laser pulses from a Yb-doped rod-type fiber laser through sum-frequency generation (SFG) based on lithium triborate (LBO) crystals. The 1030 nm nanosecond laser pulses from the fiber laser are frequency-tripled to 343 nm pulses with two LBO crystals, and the residual 1030 nm fundamental laser pulses are mixed with the 343 nm pulses in an LBO crystal for the generation of 257 nm pulses. The maximum 257 nm radiation power is 12 W with a repetition rate of 500 kHz, and the conversion efficiency from 1030 nm to 257 nm is 12%. It is observed that the power of 257 nm radiation is limited by the temperature increase in the LBO crystal used for the SFG.
Device Fabrication from Recycled Electronic Spare Parts: Dip Coating Device and High Voltage Power Supply Adapted for Electrospinning Device
Authors: Kumar Agarwal S S , Mendoza Enríquez B U , Hernández Rivera D
Published: July 2022

Considering the rapidly increasing amounts of electronic waste, the task of its recycling and disposal is essential and increasingly important all over the world. Recycled components were used to create lab equipment, namely a high voltage power source, an electrospinning device, and a dip coating device. The high voltage power source was created with the purpose of powering the electrospinning device using electronic waste from microwaves, air conditioners, and cars although it can also be modified to power devices such as X-ray machines or ozone generators. On the other hand, the dip coating device was assembled using spare parts from a discarded printer. The validation of their functioning was demonstrated through the presence of sufficiently high voltages and the synthesis of polymeric nanofibers, which were found to be comparable to those produced in a BIOINICIA FLUIDNATEK LE 10. The production of homogeneous films estimated to be of nanometric proportions validated the functioning of the dip coating device. Such equipment can benefit research in locations with a lack of funds, as it is far more economic than the devices from well-established companies.
Predicting Solar Power Generation from Direction and Tilt Using Machine Learning XGBoost Regression
Authors: Kim Yongjun , Byun Yungcheol
Published: July 2022

Electricity production using photovoltaic panels is widely used all over the world. Electricity generation using solar power is helping a lot in reducing the Earth’s carbon production. However, many photovoltaic panels are often installed improperly to produce maximum efficiency. This not only reduces the amount of electricity produced, but also wastes resources required to make solar panels. To solve this problem, the electricity production data using the longitude and latitude of the actual solar panel installation location in 5 regions in Korea, and the direction and tilt angle of the installation site are used to predict the electricity production by using the machine learning XGBoost regression model. A study was conducted to determine the direction and tilt angle of the installation site to generate maximum electricity production in longitude and latitude. Through this, the longitude and latitude of the solar panel installation location for maximum electricity production were analysed, and in the future, more local data will be used to get out of the limited area, and specific research efficiency will be brought.
Sine-Squared Pulse Approximation for Matched Filter Design Using Generalized Bessel Polynomials and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Chutchavong V , Anuwongpinit T , Pumee T , Benjangkaprasert C , Janchitrapongvej K
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the study of mathematical characteristics of generalized Bessel polynomial that can be applied to approximate a sine-squared pulse for designing matched filters in communication systems. The proposed pulse can be designed by using the transfer function, in which the numerator is the five pairs of a transmissions zero pairs, and the generalized Bessel polynomial is used as the denominator. A parameters of generalized Bessel polynomials can be adjusted by particle swarm optimization to find the best parameter value. From the simulation results can be found that a parameter can be adjusted. A proposed pulse is close to the ideal response in mainlobe, and one sidelobe to four sidelobes with stability, which outperformed previous research.
Verification and Fault Analysis based on Combination of AADL and Modelica
Authors: Huang Tao , Cao Zining , Li Qing
Published: July 2022

CPS is a multidimensional complex system that can realize the interaction between computing process and physical process. Aiming at the problems of fault occurrence and uncertain behavior, this paper proposes the fault analysis stochastic hybrid automata as a formal model, the attributes of randomness and fault analysis are added through AADL behavior attachment to expand the attributes of hybrid automata, and applies the extended automata to the embedded system for system description and fault analysis. The model is used to model the fire control system, and AADL, Modelica and fault tree are combined to form a new model. The behavior is analyzed, and the conversion algorithm and conversion example are given.
Risk Analysis of Water Grid Systems Using Threat Modeling
Authors: Rahim Fiza Abdul , Jamil Norziana , Cob Zaihisma Che , Sidek Lariyah Mohd , Sharizan@Sharizal Nur Izz Insyirah
Published: July 2022

Critical infrastructure systems consist of physical and cyber assets that are essential to the operation of the economy and the government. As one of the most important critical infrastructures worldwide, the water sector has become vulnerable to new risks in the form of cyber threats that can severely impact public health, and are difficult to detect. A water grid system (WGS) plays an important role in guarding the business processes of the water sector against possible threats and risks. Threat modeling can be used to analyze threats to the WGS. It is applied to identify points of access to the assets and devices of the system, classify threats to them, assess the risks posed by them, and suggest mitigation measures. Each threat is classified based on its type according to the STRIDE methodology, and the results of the threat classification can be used to assess the level of risk by using the DREAD methodology. This yields a risk rating for each threat that can be used to devise mitigation measures to minimize the risk posed by it. Through the threat modeling stage, it is known that the high-risk threats on WGSs are tampering with a risk score of 14, denial of service threats with a risk score of 13, and repudiation threats with a risk score of 12. The results of the ranking are used to formulate recommendations in the form of mitigation controls against these threats.
Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Based on Feature Extraction and Deep Learning
Authors: Geng Yue , Huang Jingyi , Yang Jianxin , Zhang Sen
Published: July 2022

In cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is used to determine whether the primary user is using the spectrum based on the signal received on a specific frequency band, thereby determining whether the secondary user can use the spectrum. The main problem faced by spectrum sensing is how to identify the existence of the primary signal under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Compared with traditional technologies, deep learning methods can identify the features of input data more efficiently and accurately. Based on convolutional neural network (CNN), This paper regard spectrum sensing as a binary classification problem. In the method we proposed, different features of received are extracted, and a dataset of feature matrices obtained under different SNRs is constructed for the training of the CNN network. Experiment results show that under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio, the performance of our method is improved compared with the traditional method, and the combination of different features can improve the sensing accuracy.
Securing IEC60870-5-101 Communication Protocol using SCADA Cryptographic and Device Authentication Gateway
Authors: Qassim Qais Saif , Jamil Norziana , Mahdi Mohammed Najah , Ahmad Zawawi Md Nabil , Jamaludin Md Zaini , Jidin Razali , Rusli Mohd Ezanee
Published: July 2022

Since the renowned Stuxnet attack on the Iranian refinery planet in 2010, there have been many attempts to harden the security of these systems. One of the most significant challenges impacting these systems’ security is the outdated and insecure communication protocols that have been used for many years in various sectors. This work presents a practical solution to protect the SCADA’s critical communications’ confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity. This work put forward a hardware-based general-purpose cryptographic device based on FPGA technology. The device contains a handful of cryptographic algorithms that can be customized to harden the security of devices operating on the IEC 60870-5-101 communication protocol. The experimental results show that the proposed solution enhances the secrecy and integrity of the IEC 60870-5-101 messages and ensures the source’s authenticity.
Classification of Overlapping Eggs Based on Image Processing
Authors: Purahong B , Krungseanmuang W , Chaowalittawin V , Pumee T , Kanjanasurat I , Lasakul A
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a method for classifying the overlapped eggs and counting the number of eggs on the conveyor belt using image processing techniques. The image was acquired by a webcam camera that connected to the computer and then rescaled. The image was then converted to grayscale and noise was reduced using a Gaussian blur filter. Otsu’s Binarization is used to convert the image to binary. The binary image is then subjected to morphological operations. Following that, using the Watershed Algorithm, separate the egg’s overlapped area. Finally, the prepared image is ready to be counted using the contour matrix method. This method independently classifies each egg segmentation and can count up to 18 eggs per frame with a processing time of less than 1 second.
The Application of GAP Software in Constructing the Non-Normal Subgroup Graphs of Alternating Groups
Authors: Rahin N F , Sarmin N H , Ilangovan S
Published: July 2022

A graph in group theory is constructed by using any elements of a group as a set of vertices. Some of the properties of a group are used to form the edges of the graph. A finite group can be represented in a graph by its subgroup structure. A subgroup H of a group G is a subset of G, where H itself is a group under the same operation as in G, whereas a subgroup H is said to be a normal subgroup if its left and right cosets coincide. The non-normal subgroup graph of a group G is defined as a directed graph with a vertex set G and two distinct elements x and y are adjacent if xy ∈ H. In this paper, the non-normal subgroups graph of alternating groups for order twelve is determined by using GAP software. The graphs are found to be a union of complete digraphs and directed graphs with the same pattern depending on the order of the non-normal subgroups.
Sanskruti Index of some Chemical Trees and Unicyclic Graphs
Authors: Al-Janabi H , Bacsó G
Published: July 2022

In chemical graph theory, topological indices are used to estimate the bio-activity of chemical compounds. The molecular graph models molecular compounds. A molecular graph represents the structural formula of a chemical compound relative to the graph. Its vertices represent the atoms of the compound, and its edges represent the chemical bonds. In 2017, Hosamani introduced the Sanskruti index S(G) and defined it as S(G) = Σuv∈E(G) ((δu ⋅ δv)/(δu + δv − 2))3, where δu is the sum of the degrees of all neighbors of the vertex u in G. The Sanskruti index displays a good connection with an entropy of octane isomers. In this paper, the Sanskruti index S(G) is computed for some chemical trees and unicyclic graphs.
Gradient-induced Model-free Variable Selection Based on Composite Quantile Regression in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space
Authors: Tan Xin , Kong Yan , Yan Mei
Published: July 2022

Variable selection plays an important role to identify truly informative variables in high-dimensional data analysis. In his paper, we propose a variable selection method with composite quantile regression in reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), which has two main advantages. The first is that our method requires no special model structure assumption and no independence of error term. It is suitable for general non-parametric models and even heteroscedastic models. The second is that the calculation is simple and fast. So, it can also work in high-dimensional situations. Finally, the numerical experiments and real data analysis demonstrate its superior performance in variable selection.
Analysis of the Stability and Hopf Bifurcation of a Three-Dimensional System with Delays
Authors: Yao Kutorzi Edwin , Shi Yufeng
Published: July 2022

We propose a model of three-dimensional autonomous system with delays. We explore the dynamical behavior of the proposed autonomous system by examining bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, equilibrium and stability, and the influence of time delay on Hopf bifurcation. A bifurcation theory is used to analyze and detail the problem. In addition, the explicit algorithm that determines the direction of Hopf bifurcation, along with the stability of bifurcating periodic, has been established. Also, there are specific operating conditions that must be met in order to achieve Hopf bifurcation. In the proposed autonomous system, we analyze the procedures for designing chaotic based systems including parameter selection, discretization of the results, as well as exploring the changing regularity of the bifurcation value. A series of numerical simulations is presented to illustrate the analytical results.
Accelerated failure time models in analyzing duration of employment
Authors: Basha L , Gjika E
Published: July 2022

Parametric accelerated failure time models (AFT), that assess the relationship between the event times and dependent variables constitute an essential class of regression models. In this research we have used the accelerated failure time models: in particular, we have taken into consideration exponential distribution, Weibull distribution, log-logistic model and lognormal distribution, to analyze the duration of employment for employees that have been in their current job or otherwise known as job tenure. A variety of commercial and public companies in Albania were surveyed for this study. Initially the goal of the research is to find the optimal probability distribution to suit the data. Then, the accelerated failure time model is used to assess the impact of the predictors, such as: the employee's age, wages, the employee's age when he has started the job, sex, profession, academic degree, marital status and years of experience prior to this position, in job termination. The log-normal AFT model was the most accurate model for predicting the outcomes of the study, and from this model we can conclude that the employee's age, the employee's age when he has started the job, wages, academic degree and position in the company can affect how long someone stays employed.
Prediction Method of Public Participation in Decision-making Based on Bayes Theorem
Authors: Shang Jin , Feng Qinyu
Published: July 2022

Public participation is an activity that citizens participate in the decision-making without government and experts. It could create better informed and more creative decision-making. However, it is difficult to invite all stakeholders to participate in the urban design and planning project. So most of projects could just receive a few decisions from the public. This article would introduce a model based on Bayes theorem. This algorithm model can predict the possibility of other stakeholders' decision-making on a proposal based on the feedback results of a small part of the surveyed participants and big data analysis. This article mainly studies how the algorithm model can be displayed in the actual project through a case of local residents' decision-making and prediction of the building height of the planned area in a planning project. Key words: Public participation, Decision-making prediction, Bayes theorem
A Machine Learning Model for Healthcare Stocks Forecasting in the US Stock Market during COVID-19 Period
Authors: Jariyapan Prapatchon , Singvejsakul Jittima , Chaiboonsri Chukiat
Published: July 2022

This paper study the nowcasting and forecasting for the healthcare stock price in the united states during the Covid-19 period including the google trend data information. The data is collected in monthly data from 2015 to 2020 which are five interested stock price indexes in the healthcare sector. Empirically, the finding reveals that the Bayesian structural time series analysis can be used to investigate the stock price indexes with the google trend data is becoming useful for the prediction in term of current movement. In term of the machine learning algorithms, the unsupervised learning k-Mean algorithm is employed to cluster the cycle regimes of the stock market which provided three regimes such as Bull market, Sideways and Bear market. There are twenty-nine months stand for bull market, thirty-seven months are predictively provided sideways market and five months are referred as the bear market. Additionally, the supervised learning algorithms by using the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) and Support vector machine (SVM) are used to investigate the cycle regimes of healthcare stock in next five year. The results indicated that LDA is chosen by the highest coefficient validation which represented the the regimes of stock in the healcare sector of the unites states of America will stay on the sideways periods in the next five years. Thus, the finding in this paper can be the useful information for investor to manage their portfolio especially, in healthcare sector during the Covid-19 period.
Information Flow Between Crude Palm Oil and Crude Oil Futures
Authors: Jeong M , Kim S , Yi E
Published: July 2022

This study finds asymmetric information flow from the crude palm oil (CPO) futures to the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures market despite the CPO futures market’s low liquidity and small market capitalization. Our finding is robust regardless of the 2019 Coronavirus outbreak and the asymmetric information flow becomes even unilateral considering the exchange rate risk on the Malaysian Ringgit. Finally, we explain the asymmetric information flow from the CPO futures to WTI futures market given that the impact of speculation on market efficiency crowds out that of liquidity.
The Structural Design and Analysis of a Symmetrical Twin-tower Conjoined Building with Vibration Absorber
Authors: Deng Boyuan
Published: July 2022

Throughout the ages, earthquakes have caused numerous instability and destruction of buildings. With the increasing of the height and volume of modern buildings, the seismic force on the buildings gradually increases. To avoid serious damage and ensure the safety, seismic design has become a crucial element in the analysis and design of the structure. In traditional seismic design, increasing stiffness of the building is usually adopted to reduce the structural response during an earthquake. This approach is usually costly, and the effect of practical application is not obvious, which could not fundamentally enhance the bearing capacity of the structure. Basing on existing researches, both theoretical and physical model of symmetrical, conjoined twin tower is made, meanwhile, the reasonable design using damping vibration absorber with the function of energy dissipation, utilizes the movement of additional weight to reduce vibration amplitude of main body structure. The use of shaking table test on the analysis and verification of bearing capacity of the model of symmetrical, conjoined twin tower with vibration absorber, improves the seismic performance of the building. It helps propel innovative and practical design ideas in structural seismic design of symmetrical conjoined twin tower.