bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Small Aviation Two-stroke Kerosene Engine Fuel Injection Controller
Authors: Chen Linlin , Sun Qun , Gao Weidong , Wang Chong
Published: November 2019

Background:

The study of kerosene fuel for gasoline engines is of great significance to the
supply, management, storage, transportation of military fuel, as well as its safety. A small aviation twostroke
kerosene engine fuel injection controller is the key technology of kerosene engines. It is very
important to improve the performance of kerosene engine by controlling the air-fuel ratio accurately.

Objective:

In this study, the initial injection pulse spectrum was firstly obtained by numerical calculation
in the absence of kerosene injection pulse spectrum, and then the injection controller was designed
based on the initial injection pulse spectrum.

Methodology:

Firstly, a numerical model of the whole engine was established by using BOOST software.
The air mass flow data of the inlet was obtained through numerical calculation. The amount of
initial engine fuel injection was calculated according to the requirements of air-fuel ratios in each
working condition, from which an initial injection pulse spectrum was obtained. Then, based on Freescale
16-bit embedded micro-controller MC9S12DP512, a kerosene engine fuel injection controller
was developed, together with the circuit. According to the initial fuel injection pulse spectrum, a twodimensional
interpolation algorithm was developed by using assembly language and C language mixed
programming, and the anti-electromagnetic interference ability of the controller was further enhanced.
Finally, the accuracy of the initial injection pulse spectrum and the performance and reliability of the
injection controller of the kerosene engine were verified by the kerosene engine bench test.

Results:

The experimental results show that the numerical model was accurate, and the development
time of the injection controller reduced by using the numerical model to calculate the initial injection
pulse spectra.

Conclusion:

The developed controller was observed to be stable and reliable, which can meet the
control requirement.
Effective Substrate Loading for Saccharification of Corn Cob and Concurrent Production of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum and Sporothrix carnis
Authors: Olajuyigbe Folasade M. , Fatokun Cornelius O. , Oni Oluwatosin I.
Published: November 2019

Background:

One of the critical challenges of cost-effective bioethanol production from
lignocellulosic biomass is the decreasing yield of reducing sugars caused by increasing substrate loading.
Hence, it is crucial to determine the best substrate concentration for efficient saccharification of
lignocellulosic wastes.

Objective:

This paper reports the saccharification of corn cob by two lignocellulolytic fungi (Fusarium
oxysporum and Sporothrix carnis) and concurrent production of lignocellulolytic enzymes at varying
substrate concentrations.

Methods:

F. oxysporum and S. carnis were cultivated on corn cob based media at 30°C and 160 rpm
for 144 h. The lignocellulosic composition of corn cob was determined. Saccharification of varying
concentrations of substrate was determined by evaluating the release of reducing sugar while the production
of cellulase and xylanase was monitored.

Results:

Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of corn cob were 37.8±1.56%, 42.2±1.68% and
12.7±1.23%, respectively. Yields of reducing sugar by F. oxysporum and S. carnis were 5.03 µmol/mL
and 6.16 µmol/mL; and 6.26 µmol/mL and 6.58 μmol/mL at 10.0 and 25.0% substrate concentration,
respectively. The production of cellulase and xylanase was exponential as corn cob concentration increased
from 0.5% to 10.0% yielding 586.93 U/mL and 1559.18 U/mL from F. oxysporum, with 590.7
U/mL and 1573.95 U/mL from S. carnis, respectively.

Conclusion:

The study shows that the most efficient saccharification of corn cob by F. oxysporum and
S. carnis was achieved at 10.0% substrate concentration. This suggests that two separate saccharification
processes at this concentration will result in higher yields of enzyme and reducing sugars than a
single process involving higher concentration.
Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Binding Affinity for Drug Targets: A Study of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2
Authors: Bitencourt-Ferreira Gabriela , Duarte da Silva Amauri , Filgueira de Azevedo Walter
Published: November 2019

Background:

The elucidation of the structure of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) made
it possible to develop targeted scoring functions for virtual screening aimed to identify new inhibitors
for this enzyme. CDK2 is a protein target for the development of drugs intended to modulate cellcycle
progression and control. Such drugs have potential anticancer activities.

Objective:

Our goal here is to review recent applications of machine learning methods to predict ligand-
binding affinity for protein targets. To assess the predictive performance of classical scoring
functions and targeted scoring functions, we focused our analysis on CDK2 structures.

Methods:

We have experimental structural data for hundreds of binary complexes of CDK2 with
different ligands, many of them with inhibition constant information. We investigate here computational
methods to calculate the binding affinity of CDK2 through classical scoring functions and machine-
learning models.

Results:

Analysis of the predictive performance of classical scoring functions available in docking
programs such as Molegro Virtual Docker, AutoDock4, and Autodock Vina indicated that these
methods failed to predict binding affinity with significant correlation with experimental data. Targeted
scoring functions developed through supervised machine learning techniques showed a significant
correlation with experimental data.

Conclusion:

Here, we described the application of supervised machine learning techniques to generate
a scoring function to predict binding affinity. Machine learning models showed superior predictive
performance when compared with classical scoring functions. Analysis of the computational models
obtained through machine learning could capture essential structural features responsible for binding
affinity against CDK2.
Recent advances in graphene based nano-composites for automotive and off-highway vehicle applications
Authors: Kandasamy Ramkumar
Published: November 2019

:

Nano-composites comprised of a polymer matrix and various types of nanosized fillers have remained as one of the most important engineering materials and continue to draw great interest in the research community and industry. In particular, graphene based nano-composites with high thermal conductivity, excellent mechanical, electrical and optical properties, becomes important and promising filler for making the next generation, high performance composite materials.

:

Automotive and off-highway machinery industry are extensively viewed as being the industry in which the highest volume of advanced composite materials such as graphene based nano-composites will be used in the future to produce lighter, stronger, more energy-efficient, and safe vehicles. Design, modeling, analyzing and methods for large-scale production of the graphene based nano-composites in automotive and off-highway machinery applications considering it’s mechanical, functional and interface properties between the graphene and polymer matrix under severe loading conditions is challenging, potentially due to nonlinear properties, joining of dissimilar materials and high demand of computations. While graphene based material strategies have been investigated and demonstrated to be effective for structural application in various industries includes electronics, electromechanical and energy systems, currently there is limited research highlighting the specific knowledge available for design engineers and researchers concerned with lightweight and stronger solutions by use of graphene based materials for automotive off-highway vehicle applications.

:

The present review presents, an overview of the latest studies that utilize graphene-based nanomaterials and their composites in automotive and off-highway machinery applications. First, the paper describes the concept of traditional composites used in present engineering industries considering its advantages and limitations, then highlights the key benefits of using nanostructured carbon material, such as graphene through some recent studies available in the literature. Then depicts the various mechanisms of integrating graphene as polymer reinforcements within composite materials, which have been found based on the survey, and their related modeling, designing, and manufacturing capabilities suitable for automotive and off-highway machinery industry. Finally outlines the available experimental evidence for graphene based composites. In order to lay the groundwork for future work in this exciting area, the paper discusses close by several future prospects as well as the current challenges in this field.
Mind the App: Considerations for the Future of Mobile Health in Canada (Preprint)
Authors: Zawati Ma'n H , Lang Michael
Published: November 2019

UNSTRUCTURED

Over the past decade, smartphone technology has become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous. Modern smartphones, now owned by more than three quarters of Canadians and 94% of millennials, perform an array of functions that are potentially useful in the health care context, such as tracking fitness data, enabling health record sharing, and providing user-friendly platforms for disease management. Approximately half of smartphone users have downloaded at least one health app, and clinicians are increasingly using them in their practice. However, despite widespread use, there is little evidence that supports their safety and efficacy. Few apps have been independently evaluated and many lack basic patient protections such as privacy policies. In this context, the demand for the regulation of mobile health apps has increased. Against this backdrop, regulators, including Health Canada, have begun to propose regulating the use of smartphones in health care. In this viewpoint, we respond to Health Canada’s recent proposal to regulate smartphone use in Canada according to a risk-based model. We argue that although Health Canada’s recent proposed approach is promising, it may require complementary regulation and oversight.
An Informatics Framework to Assess Consumer Health Language Complexity Differences: Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Biyang , He Zhe , Xing Aiwen , Lustria Mia Liza A
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

The language gap between health consumers and health professionals has been long recognized as the main hindrance to effective health information comprehension. Although providing health information access in consumer health language (CHL) is widely accepted as the solution to the problem, health consumers are found to have varying health language preferences and proficiencies. To simplify health documents for heterogeneous consumer groups, it is important to quantify how CHLs are different in terms of complexity among various consumer groups.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to propose an informatics framework (consumer health language complexity [CHELC]) to assess the complexity differences of CHL using syntax-level, text-level, term-level, and semantic-level complexity metrics. Specifically, we identified 8 language complexity metrics validated in previous literature and combined them into a 4-faceted framework. Through a rank-based algorithm, we developed unifying scores (CHELC scores [CHELCS]) to quantify syntax-level, text-level, term-level, semantic-level, and overall CHL complexity. We applied CHELCS to compare posts of each individual on online health forums designed for (1) the general public, (2) deaf and hearing-impaired people, and (3) people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

METHODS

We examined posts with more than 4 sentences of each user from 3 health forums to understand CHL complexity differences among these groups: 12,560 posts from 3756 users in Yahoo! Answers, 25,545 posts from 1623 users in AllDeaf, and 26,484 posts from 2751 users in Wrong Planet. We calculated CHELCS for each user and compared the scores of 3 user groups (ie, deaf and hearing-impaired people, people with ASD, and the public) through 2-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and analysis of covariance tests.

RESULTS

The results suggest that users in the public forum used more complex CHL, particularly more diverse semantics and more complex health terms compared with users in the ASD and deaf and hearing-impaired user forums. However, between the latter 2 groups, people with ASD used more complex words, and deaf and hearing-impaired users used more complex syntax.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results show that the users in 3 online forums had significantly different CHL complexities in different facets. The proposed framework and detailed measurements help to quantify these CHL complexity differences comprehensively. The results emphasize the importance of tailoring health-related content for different consumer groups with varying CHL complexities.
Assessing Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Miners and Posts occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis: Cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Chalela Chanda
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Occupational conditions are deadly health hazards especially where dust exposure is inevitable causing chronic disabilities, impaired respiratory function and ultimately leading to death if no intensive measures are put in place. Unhealthy practices and negative attitudes rise in the number of cases of pneumoconiosis due to poor health education and awareness strategies. Pneumoconiosis is not only a health problem but also a social and economic burden on the livelihood of people living in mining areas around the globe. Hence, this study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia.

OBJECTIVE

1. To determine knowledge of miners and post occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis
2. To assess attitude and practices of miners and post occupational miners
3. To correrate the relationship between academic level and practices

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was employed to conduct a research in Wusakile Township and a questionnaire was customized in order to syphon data relevant to the study as well to be brief. The study was conducted among 73 participants who were randomly selected among miners and post-occupational miners and all satisfied the inclusion criteria. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. The data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 23.

RESULTS

Among 73 participants interviewed, 33.99% of participants had poor knowledge on the complications of pneumoconiosis. However, despite this poor knowledge, all participants had an idea about pneumoconiosis particularly silicosis. 13.70% of the respondents had bad practices towards pneumoconiosis while 86.30% had some good practices towards pneumoconiosis. Of the total participants, 19.18% of the participants had a negative attitude towards pneumoconiosis. Correlation between the level of education and practices of participants using Pearson Chi-Square, a p value of 0.021 (significant) was found ruling out the null hypothesis.

CONCLUSIONS

Information about pneumoconiosis and awareness programs towards pneumoconiosis are not widely disseminated among miners and post-occupational miners. There is still a significant number of participants who need to be educated more about pneumoconiosis and its complications so that attitude and practices are improved and also promote full community participation by involving competent health professionals to help in implementing preventive measures.
assessing knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia:cross sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Banda Stephen
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Occupational conditions are deadly health hazards especially where dust exposure is inevitable causing chronic disabilities, impaired respiratory function and ultimately leading to death if no intensive measures are put in place. Unhealthy practices and negative attitudes rise in the number of cases of pneumoconiosis due to poor health education and awareness strategies. Pneumoconiosis is not only a health problem but also a social and economic burden on the livelihood of people living in mining areas around the globe.

OBJECTIVE

to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of miners and post-occupational miners towards pneumoconiosis in Wusakile Township, Kitwe, Zambia.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was employed to conduct a research in Wusakile Township and a questionnaire was customized in order to syphon data relevant to the study as well to be brief. The study was conducted among 73 participants who were randomly selected among miners and post-occupational miners and all satisfied the inclusion criteria. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data. The data was entered and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 23.

RESULTS

Among 73 participants interviewed, 33.99% of participants had poor knowledge on the complications of pneumoconiosis. However, despite this poor knowledge, all participants had an idea about pneumoconiosis particularly silicosis. 13.70% of the respondents had bad practices towards pneumoconiosis while 86.30% had some good practices towards pneumoconiosis. Of the total participants, 19.18% of the participants had a negative attitude towards pneumoconiosis. Correlation between the level of education and practices of participants using Pearson Chi-Square, a p value of 0.021 (significant) was found ruling out the null hypothesis.

CONCLUSIONS

Information about pneumoconiosis and awareness programs towards pneumoconiosis are not widely disseminated among miners and post-occupational miners. There is still a significant number of participants who need to be educated more about pneumoconiosis and its complications so that attitude and practices are improved and also promote full community participation by involving competent health professionals to help in implementing preventive measures.
The NASSS-CAT Tools for Understanding, Guiding, Monitoring, and Researching Technology Implementation Projects in Health and Social Care: Protocol for an Evaluation Study in Real-World Settings (Preprint)
Authors: Greenhalgh Trisha , Maylor Harvey , Shaw Sara , Wherton Joseph , Papoutsi Chrysanthi , Betton Victoria , Nelissen Natalie , Gremyr Andreas , Rushforth Alexander , Koshkouei Mona , Taylor John
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Projects to implement health care and social care innovations involving technologies are typically ambitious and complex. Many projects fail. Greenhalgh et al’s nonadoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework was developed to analyze the varied outcomes of such projects.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to extend the NASSS framework to produce practical tools for understanding, guiding, monitoring, and researching technology projects in health care or social care settings.

METHODS

Building on NASSS and a complexity assessment tool (CAT), the NASSS-CAT tools were developed (in various formats) in seven co-design workshops involving 50 stakeholders (industry executives, technical designers, policymakers, managers, clinicians, and patients). Using action research, they were and are being tested prospectively on a sample of case studies selected for variety in conditions, technologies, settings, scope and scale, policy context, and project goals.

RESULTS

The co-design process resulted in four tools, available as free downloads. NASSS-CAT SHORT is a taster to introduce the instrument and gauge interest. NASSS-CAT LONG is intended to support reflection, due diligence, and preliminary planning. It maps complexity through stakeholder discussion across six domains, using free-text open questions (designed to generate a rich narrative and surface uncertainties and interdependencies) and a closed-question checklist; this version includes an action planning section. NASSS-CAT PROJECT is a 35-item instrument for monitoring how subjective complexity in a technology implementation project changes over time. NASSS-CAT INTERVIEW is a set of prompts for conducting semistructured research or evaluation interviews. Preliminary data from empirical case studies suggest that the NASSS-CAT tools can potentially identify, but cannot always help reconcile, contradictions and conflicts that block projects’ progress.

CONCLUSIONS

The NASSS-CAT tools are a useful addition to existing implementation tools and frameworks. Further support of the implementation projects is ongoing. We are currently producing digital versions of the tools, and plan (subject to further funding) to establish an online community of practice for people interested in using and improving the tools, and hold workshops for building cross-project collaborations.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/16861
A Systematic Review of Economic Impact Studies of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare (Preprint)
Authors: Wolff Justus , Baumbach Jan , Pauling Josch , Keck Andreas
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Positive economic impact is a key decision factor in making the case for or against investing in an artificial intelligence (AI) solution in the healthcare industry. It is most relevant for the care provider and insurer as well as for the pharmaceutical and medical technology sector. Although the broad economic impact of digital health solutions in general has been assessed many times in literature and also the benefit for patients and society has been analyzed, the specific economic impact of AI in healthcare has been addressed only sporadically.

OBJECTIVE

To systematically review and summarize cost-effectiveness studies dedicated to AI in healthcare, and to assess whether they meet established quality criteria.

METHODS

In a first step, the quality criteria for economic impact studies were defined based on established and adapted criteria schemes for cost impact assessments. In a second step, a systematic literature review based on qualitative and quantitative inclusion and exclusion criteria was conducted to identify the relevant publications for an in-depth analysis of economic impact assessment. In a final step, the quality of the identified economic impact studies was evaluated based on the defined quality criteria for cost-effectiveness studies.

RESULTS

Very few publications have thoroughly addressed economic impact assessment and the economic assessment quality of according AI publications shows severe methodological deficits. Only six out of 66 publications could be included in the second step of the analysis based on the inclusion criteria. Out of these six studies, none comprised a methodologically complete cost impact analysis. There are two areas for improvement: First, initial investment and operational costs for the AI infrastructure and service need to be included. Second, alternatives to achieve similar impact must be evaluated to provide a comprehensive comparison.

CONCLUSIONS

The systematic literature analysis proved that existing impact assessments show methodological deficits, and that upcoming evaluations require more comprehensive economic analyses to enable economic decisions for or against implementing AI technology in healthcare.
Peneguhan diagnosis Avian Influenza pada Ayam Petelur yang Mengalami Gejala Penurunan Produksi
Authors: Isnawati Rina , Wuryastuti Hastari , Wasito R
Published: November 2019

Decreasing egg production is an initial symptom of various diseases that infect commercial layer chickens. Diagnosis of diseases causing the decrease in egg production without high mortality rate is often thought to be caused by other poultry diseases because of the many similarities in manifestation between one disease and another. Avian influenza is a zoonotic infectious disease in poultry that can lead to high economic losses. This study aims to determine the contribution of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection to commercial laying hens showing symptoms of decreased production. The samples were oropharyngeal swabs of commercial laying hens which had symptoms of decreased production at productive age. Laboratory tests were carried out by histopathological examination, detection and identification of AIV with real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and isolation with the viral culture technique on fertile chicken eggs. The results showed that there was type A AIV infection based on the qRT-PCR (matrix) test, but the subtypes were not identified (H5, H7, H9). The results of the isolation of the virus in the fertile chicken eggs showed embryonic death in which all embryonic organs show hemorrhages. Allantoic fluid does not agglutinate chicken red blood cells. Histopathological features of the pathognomonic lesions in lungs infected with AIV were severe congestion and hemorrhages. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a contribution of type A AIV infection. Early diagnosis of AIV could determine more appropriate actions, including control, prevention and eradication.
Distribusi neuron serotonergik pada hipokampus Lasiwen (Myotis sp) sebagai satwa liar yang berpotensi menjadi reservoir virus rabies
Authors: Pangestiningsih Tri Wahyu , Ariana Ariana , Padeta Irma , Jadi Arvendi Rahma , Wendo Woro Danur
Published: November 2019

Myotis sp is an Indonesian microchiropteran, insectivore bat that potential to be a reservoir for rabies virus. Rabies is fatal viral encephalitis and  bat could  act as wildlife potential reservoirs for the rabies virus and can transmit the disease to humans as the zoonotic disease. Hippocampus  is one of diagnostic tissue for rabies disease and serotonergic neuron could involved in pathogenesis of rabies disease.  The aim of the study is to investigate the distribution of serotonergic neurons in  Myotis sp hippocampus. Five Myotis sp. were captured from wild population in Central Java, and were humanly anesthetized using ketamine and xylazin. The animals were perfused intracardially using NaCl 0.9% as the pre-rinse followed by 10% formaldehyde to fix it. The cerebrums were  collected and processing the  for paraffin embedding. Cerebrums were sectioning in saggital sections,  12 µm thickness serially with 120 µm intervals.    The tissues  were staining immunohistochemistry using antibody to serotonin (1/300; Bioss, Cat. No: bs-1126R) 2 night incubation in 4 oC temperature. The solution for blocking background, secondary antibody, avidin-biotin-peroxidae complex and chromogen using  kit Starr Trek Universal HRP Detection System (Biocare Medical, Cat No: STUHRP700) and were analyzed descriptivelly. The results show that serotonergic neuros were distributed in the all area of  the of Myotis sp hippocampus. In  dentate gyrus neuron serotonergic (Sert-IR)s are round in shape and  mostly distributed in the middle layer, few in the  superficially also deeper layers. In the hippocampus , the Sert-IR neurons are pyramidal in shape and distributed in the CA1, Ca2 and CA3 areas. In subiculum, the Sert-IR neurons  are pyramidal in shape, more wider distributed than in the CA1 with no differences between outer layer and deeper layer.  The conclutions of this research are the serotonergic neurons are distributed in the all area of hippocampus
Uji Ekstrak n-Hexana Rumput Kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch) pada Tikus Wistar Hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Sambodo Priyo , Purwaningsih Purwaningsih , Baaka Alnita , Susmiati Trini , Airin Claude Mona
Published: November 2019

This study was aimed to determine the secure level of the n-hexane extract of kebar grass on hypercholesterolemia rats based the acute oral toxicity test. Based the literature, no report on the toxic dosage before, initial dose was started at 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) and to be increased 2000 to 5000 mg/kg BW. Toxicity data were set for 24 hours and continued until 14 days after treatment for several parameters, i.e : toxicity symptoms, death of animals, changes in body weight and the manifestation of toxicity effects. At the end of the test, the rats were sacrificed and organs were taken for abnormalities (macroscopy). The results of this study showed that the administration of the n-hexane extract of grass kebar at all doses did not show the toxicity symptoms, mortality and body weight change. The absolute and relative weights and gross pathology observation of the internal organ were normal. Conclusions: the n-hexane extract of grass kebar is safe and the LD was determined on category 5, 50 unclassified or minimum practically non toxic
Pengaruh Pemberian Serum Albumin Manusia terhadap Kadar Albumin dalam Darah pada Anjing dengan status Hipoalbuminemia
Authors: Merthayasa Julita Dewitri , Devi Jayanti Putu Devi , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Permana Ryan Hadi , Destinanda Nadia Liswardani , Wijayanti Agustina Dwi
Published: November 2019

Albumin consists of 50% of the total plasma protein and it is very important protein in the animal's body. Hypoalbuminemia can occurs due to various conditions, such as loss of protein nephropathy, loss of enteropathic proteins, chronic and acute diarrhea or heavy bleeding as well as malnutrition and malabsorption conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of  human serum albumin  20% infusion to increase albumin blood level in hypoalbuminemia dogs. Animals used in this study were 5 dogs whose results showed the levels of albumin below normal limits or hypoalbuminemia. Dogs with hypoalbuminemia will be infused with human serum albumin (HSA) 20% through intravenous for ± 4 hours. Then, these dogs blood will be drawn days after infusion to screen for albumin levels. The results obtained in the form of examination data of albumin blood levels in the blood before and after infusion will be analyzed with paired T-test. The results showed an increase of albumin level significantly from an average of 1.98 ± 0.356 to 2.28 ± 0.257(P <0.05). This study shows the presence of human albumin serum through intravenous infusion was able to increase albumin levels in dogs with hypoalbuminemia.
“Trump Tariffs”: To Establish an American-Style Multilateralism Model?
Authors: WU Yikai
Published: November 2019

One of the goals of the world trade organization is to ensure free and fair trade around the world. Bound tariff rate and most-favored-nation treatment are two basic principles in WTO law, which should be applied and observed among WTO members. The implementation of “trump tariffs” has resulted in a “trade war between China and other countries”, which undoubtedly constitutes a violation of WTO principles, including violation of bound tariff rates and most-favored-nation treatment. At present, the United States is still one of the major setters of the world’s rules, and its every measure has an impact on the whole world. In addition to opposition from around the world, the trump administration’s move to impose tariffs has been criticized by most local economists and lawyers. To achieve fair and free trade, the trump administration should end the implementation of trump tariffs and fulfill its obligations in global multilateral trade and the WTO.
OSOBINE PRVOSTEPENOG PARNIČNOG POSTUPKA KOD PONIŠTAJA REŠENJA O OTKAZU UGOVORA O RADU
Authors: Brković Radoje , Popović Mirjana
Published: November 2019

Spor radi poništaja rešenja o otkazu predstavlja jedan od individualnih radnih sporova koji je najčešći u sudskoj praksi. U našem pravu sporovi iz radnih odnosa rešavaju se prema opštim pravilima parničnog postupka uz izvesne specifičnosti koje su propisane u posebnoj glavi zakona koji uređuje parnični postupak. Rad pred nama ima za cilj da pokaže koliko su pravila parničnog postupka u ovim sporovima osobena, da li su dovoljna i delotvorna za zaštitu prava u ovim slučajevima. Zato će biti prikazan put pravne zaštite od podnošenja tužbe do zaključenja glavne rasprave sa posebnim osvrtom na tok postupka. Analiza prikazanog postupka kroz zakonska rešenja i postojeću sudsku praksu pokazaće da su opšta pravila parničnog postupka primenljiva na radne sporove, ali da je najveći problem njihova (ne)delotvornost.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ «Я» СУБЪЕКТА В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ РУССКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ
Authors: Петряков Леонид , Atlagić Siniša
Published: November 2019

Предметом анализа выступает путь формирования субъективности в русской культуре. Цель работы — показать основные исторические и культурные особенности, этапы и результаты этого пути. Основными теоретическими и методическими подходами исследования являются: сравнительно-исторический, литературно-критический, дискурс-анализ. Результатом исследования является обоснование наличия двойственного субъекта в русской культуре: традиционно-национального и европейского. Выводы работы предполагают необходимость и направления преодоления двойственности, формирование единого субъекта русской культуры.
RUSKA IDEJA – IZMEĐU NACIONALNOG EGOIZMA, EMPATIJE I ANTIMILITARIZMA I ODJECI KOD SRBA DO 1914. GODINE
Authors: Marković Saša
Published: November 2019

Carska Rusija je tokom devetnaestog veka, u više navrata demonstrirala vojno-političku moć. Kao velika sila, Rusija se trudila da se približi drugim evropskim silama i vrlo često je sprovodila reforme. Njenu političku tranziciju pratile su brojne protivurečnosti kao i nedovoljno uspešna refleksija modernih ideja. U otporu, ali i u kreativnom pristupu društvenim idejama, ruska intelektualna elita je nudila svoje odgovore. Posebno specifična inicijativa bilo je tzv. narodnjaštvo odnosno „otkrivanje Rusije”. Nalazeći uporište u hrišćanstvu ova ideja je tragala za specifičnom ulogom ruskog naroda i odbijala je da prihvati nacionalni egoizam kao vodilju državnih interesa. Njena empatija bila je demonstrirana kroz slovenofilstvo ali i kroz brigu za čovečanstvo. Narativ, kroz stavove značajnog broja mislećih ljudi je alarmantno ukazivao da svet, kroz imperijalizam, sve više postaje pozornica militarizma u kojem je rat izvesniji od političkog dijaloga. Brojni srpski intelektualci su pomno pratili razvoj ove društveno-političke misli.
EVROAZIJSKA EKONOMSKA UNIJA I EVROPSKA UNIJA: POGLED IZ SRBIJE
Authors: Simić Jasminka
Published: November 2019

U radu se analizira ekonomska saradnja Srbije sa Evroazijskom ekonomskom unijom (EAEU) i njenom vodećom članicom Rusijom u kontekstu realizovanja glavnog spoljnopolitičkog cilja Srbije ‒ članstva u Evropskoj uniji (EU). Koliko je saradnja Srbije sa dva ekonomska bloka kompatibilna, šta su prednosti i nedostaci na regionalnom nivou i da li pomeranje prioriteta svetske politike u pravcu ekonomije menja raspored globalnih sila u XXI veku? To su pitanja na koja će autor dati odgovor u ovom radu, analizom dokumenata i statističkih podataka koji se odnose na trgovinsku razmenu navedenih aktera, poređenjem energetske saradnje sa Rusijom i obaveza u toj oblasti prema EU i uz studiju slučajeva ekonomske saradnje sa EAEU i EU. U zaključku autor navodi da su se regionalne integracije, čiji su ciljevi brži ekonomski, bezbednosni i socio-kulturni razvoj, pokazale kao adekvatan okvir za zemlje koje se nalaze u geostrateški važnom prostoru. Na tom tragu geoekonomija (raspodela bogatstva) postaje značajnija od tradicionalnih pitanja geopolitike (raspodela vojne i političke moći), što utiče na spoljnu politiku država.
OSNOVNA EKONOMSKA PITANJA U ODNOSIMA BEOGRADA I PRIŠTINE
Authors: Rapaić Stevan , Davidović Sandra
Published: November 2019

U trenutku pisanja ovog teksta još uvek su na snazi carine od 100% koje je vlada u Prištini uvela na robu poreklom iz Srbije i Bosne i Hercegovine. Imajući u vidu da su pored ove carinske mere, vlasti u Prištini rešile da uključe i necarinske barijere, odnosno administrativne mere kojima se u potpunosti sprečava uvoz srpske i bosansko-hercegovačke robe, možemo reći da su na snazi sankcije Prištine prema Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini. Posledice ovih mera značajne su ne samo za privredu Srbije, već i za region, a postavlja se i pitanje da li je ovim CEFTA praktično prestala da postoji? Smatrajući da je trgovina jedno od osnovnih pitanja ne samo ekonomskih odnosa, te da je trenutno kamen spoticanja u pregovorima Beograda i Prištine, prvi deo rada predstavlja prikaz strukture i dinamike trgovine između Srbije i Kosova*, kao i analizu činilaca koji su doveli do uvođenja diskriminatornih carina. Posebna pažnja u radu posvećena je mogućnostima koje stoje na raspolaganju Republici Srbiji da odgovori na uvedene sankcije Prištine. Drugo važno pitanje koje se nameće sve češće kao tema i prepreka u pregovorima Beograda i Prištine, tiče se društvene i javne imovine na Kosovu i Metohiji, odnosno sprovedenih i planiranih svojinskih transformacija društvenih i javnih preduzeća. U tom smislu, cilj rada je da ukaže na mogućnosti isticanja nerešenih imovinskih problema u procesu pregovaranja, posebno imajući u vidu aktualizaciju ekonomskih pitanja u proteklim mesecima i posledice koje po dijalog ima propuštanje pretvaranja ovih problema u konkretne pregovaračke zahteve.
ISLAMSKE ZAJEDNICE NA POSTJUGOSLOVENSKOM PROSTORU
Authors: Lazović Ivica
Published: November 2019

U široj stručnoj javnosti postoji probuđeno interesovanje u poslednjih nekoliko decenija za proučavanjem islamske religije, kulture i civilizacije, a u časopisima su prisutne brojne teme vezane za islam. Ovo interesovanje karakteristično je kako na globalnom, tako i na lokalnom nivou. Takođe, to interesovanje je i multidisciplinarno i karakteristično je za mnoge društvene nauke. Interesovanje za islam je i interkulturalno i preovladava bavljenje islamom i efektima ove velike religije na globalnom nivou, dok je relativno malo pažnje u radovima orijentisano na proučavanje islama na našim prostorima i na sagledavanje i tumačenje stvari u našem okruženju, kao i na prostorima današnje Srbije, uslovno rečeno, u našem dvorištu.
U ovom radu smo napravili osvrt na osnovne pojmove o islamu, kao i na organizaciju pripadnika islamske verske zajednice na prostorima bivše zajedničke države. Sve navedeno, upravo je u cilju sagledavanja stvari u našem dvorištu kako bi nam pomoglo i kako bismo bolje tumačili i razumeli pojave na globalnom nivou.
U cilju boljeg opisivanja i sistematizovanja već poznatih činjenica o islamu i zajednici muslimana na našim širim prostorima, osvrnućemo se i na osnovne pojmove, običaje i specifičnosti islamske religije. U radu ukazujemo da je islamska zajednica bila veoma prilagodljiva na ovim prostorima i u promenljivim društveno-političkim okolnostima se i sama usklađivala i prilagođavala.
Peter John, How Far to Nudge? Assessing Behavioral Public Policy
Authors: Vukov Tamara
Published: November 2019

Prikaz knjige :

Peter John, How Far to Nudge? Assessing Behavioral Public Policy, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham – Northampton [MA], 2018, 173 стр.
POLITIKA SJEDINjENIH AMERIČKIH DRŽAVA PREMA KRALJEVINI SAUDIJSKOJ ARABIJI OD 2009. DO 2017. GODINE
Authors: Stevanović Olga
Published: November 2019

Predmet ovog istraživanja predstavljaju odnosi Sjedinjenih Američkih Država i Kraljevine Saudijske Arabije u problemskim oblastima energetske i vojne bezbednosti u periodu od 2009. do 2017. godine. U prvom delu rada dat je pregled diplomatskih odnosa SAD i Saudijske Arabije za vreme administracija Baraka Obame, drugi deo rada je posvećen odnosima dve zemlje u oblasti vojne bezbednosti, dok se treći deo odnosi na energetsku bezbednost. Osnovna pretpostavka ovog rada je da je u periodu posle 2009. godine došlo do smanjenja američke energetske zavisnosti od država na Bliskom istoku, uključujući i Saudijsku Arabiju, dok je zavisnost zemalja na Bliskom istoku u oblasti vojne bezbednosti, a pre svega Saudijske Arabije, ostala nepromenjena. Usled toga, u radu se pretpostavlja da postoje odnosi asimetrične međuzavisnosti između dve države. Rad je empirijske prirode, ali je vođen teorijom kompleksne međuzavisnosti u međunarodnim odnosima.
ULOGA ODLUKA SAVETA BEZBEDNOSTI UN U STVARANjU MEĐUNARODNOG PRAVA
Authors: Milić Tatjana
Published: November 2019

Uloga odluka organa Ujedinjenih nacija (UN) u stvaranju međunarodnog prava uglavnom se razmatra kao uticaj na formalne izvore međunarodnog prava. U tim okvirima promišljanja odluke Saveta bezbednosti UN (SBUN) samo posredno doprinose nastanku ili promeni međunarodnog prava, dok je njihov neposredni pravnostvaralački efekat ograničen na konkretnu situaciju na koju se odnosi. SBUN je usled promena u međunarodnim odnosima napravio iskorak ka stvaranju opštih međunarodnopravnih normi. Zato smo odlučili da razmotrimo kako doktrina međunarodnog prava vidi domete tog legislativnog uticaja. Rad analizira tačke sporenja doktrine i razmatra neposredni pravnostvaralački uticaj odluka SBUN iz ugla međunarodnopravnog subjektiviteta međunarodnih organizacija. Zaključak autora je da je legislativna aktivnost SBUN stvarnost koja otvara mogućnost razvoja UN kao subjekta međunarodnog prava, ali istovremeno preti da poremeti temelje međunarodnopravnog poretka.
UTICAJ SAD I NEMAČKE NA RASPAD JUGOSLAVIJE
Authors: Stanković Pejnović Vesna
Published: November 2019

Prema mnogim analizama raspad Jugoslavije je rezultat unutrašnjih jugoslovenskih sukoba, posebno sukoba između Hrvata, Srba i Muslimana. Ovaj rad polazi od pretpostavke da je glavni razlog nestajanja Jugoslavije strana intervencija u unutrašnjim poslovima zemlje. Dve zapadne sile, SAD i Nemačka, uz pomoć institucija međunarodne zajednice destabilizovale su i pomogle raspadu zemlje, naročito tokom 80-ih godina 20. veka. Kroz strategije i tehnike meke moći su planirale, pripremale i pomagale secesionističke države koje su razbile Jugoslaviju, pojačavale kontradikcije, ekonomski je učinile zavisnom, a sve u cilju ovladavanja njenim resursima. Novonastale „oslobođene” države, uređene po demokratskim merilima zapadnih zemalja postale su vazali velikih korporacija.
IDEOLOGIJA VLADAJUĆIH STRANAKA CENTRALNE I ISTOČNE EVROPE – EKSPERTSKA ANKETA
Authors: Bursac Dejan
Published: November 2019

Ovaj rad je nastao kao deo doktorskog istraživanja autora, ispunjavajući potrebu sa kojom se susreću mnogi politikolozi, ali i drugi istraživači: kako pravilno klasifikovati političke partije po ideološkom ključu, u ovom slučaju na jednodimenzionalnom političkom prostoru levice i desnice. Brojna istraživanja i radovi koji se bave proučavanjima efekata političkih partija na razne društvene, političke i socioekonomske pojave imaju potrebu za pristupom takvoj bazi podataka. Budući da je autor izveo upravo takvu kategorizaciju na osnovu detaljno sprovedene ekspertske ankete u šesnaest bivših socijalističkih zemalja Centralne i Istočne Evrope od prvih višestranačkih izbora do danas, u ovom radu biće prikazani ne samo nalazi tog poduhvata – koji stoje u službi budućim istraživačima ovih fenomena, kako bi im podstakli i olakšali istraživački rad; već i metodologija kreacije ekspertske ankete, kao i specifični izazovi u vezi sa sprovođenjem iste, što takođe može biti od koristi akademskoj zajednici. Autor će se ukratko osvrnuti i na prednosti i mane metoda ekspertske ankete u službi empirijskih istraživanja, metode kontrole moguće greške, i na kraju – zbirno će predstaviti rezultate ankete.
KLJUČNI FAKTORI KOJI UTIČU NA RAZVOJ POLITIČKOG SISTEMA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE
Authors: Ljubojević Ratko , Petrović Slobodan
Published: November 2019

Na osnovu iskustava iz novije prošlosti, posebno od 2000. godine, može se zaključiti da je uticaj stranog faktora na centralnom Balkanu bio veoma izražen i uvek je bio povezan sa geopolitičkim, ekonomskim, vojnim i drugim interesima koji su kroz različite forme i oblike vršili permanentni uticaj na stabilnost političkog sistema Republike Srbije i većine zemalja u njenom bližem okruženju. Međutim, na dalji razvoj političkog sistema Republike Srbije konstantno utiču interakcije činilaca političke vlasti i naroda unutar same države, što se definiše zajedničkim imeniteljem „unutrašnja politika”. Međutim, na istu tu unutrašnju politiku utiču spoljašnji faktori, prvenstveno iz zemalja regiona. Ovi spoljni faktori refleksivno usmeravaju svoja interna političko-sociološka dešavanja na tok života i odvijanja sveukupnih društvenih procesa u Republici Srbiji. Efekte tih dešavanja osećamo intenzitetom kojim deskriptivna svest ne može da perceptuje. Stepen demokratskog razvoja države, izgradnja i jačanje političke kulture nacije esencijalna su osnova daljeg progresivnog kretanja političke realnosti savremenog društva u Republici Srbiji, što direktno implicira oslikavanje fluentnih parametara uzlazne fizionomije političkog života i državnog uređenja Republike Srbije, što je svakako imperativ današnjice, od nacionalnog interesa. Međunarodni odnosi u regionu su stabilna i značajna kordinata za ekonomsku, bezbednosnu, socijalnu i kulturnu stabilnost, jer od međunarodnih komplementarnih kordinata uslovljen je dalji razvoj političkog sistema Republike Srbije.
ASAS NON DISKRIMINASI DALAM CONTEMPT OF COURT
Authors: Kholis Nur
Published: November 2019

This research raises the title of non discrimination principle in contempt of Court with legal issue (1). Non-discrimination Principles as the basis for the application of Contempt of Court criminal acts and (2). Formulation of sanction of Contempt of Court crime by using method (1). Normative research type, (2). Approach problems that include (a). Conceptual approach, (b). Legal Approach, (c). Case approach and (d). Comparative approach. The result of this dissertation research in the form of Contempt of court is an insulting behavior, disobedient to the order of the court institution (harassment) which has been included in the criminal law realm. Contempt of court derived from common law system, not derived from countries that the legal system embraces Civil law system including the State of Indonesia. While in Indonesia first knew Contempt of Court on the enactment of Law No. 14 of 1985 on the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia. The Criminal Code (KUHP) does not regulate the crime of Contempt of court, but only acts or criminal acts in the Criminal Code are categorized into the realm of criminal acts Contempt of court, so that the Judge (court) is only a legal object of action criminal Contempt of court. The Non-Discrimination Principle can be applied to the crime of Contempt of Court because all legal subjects must be equal before the law, so that the application of the principle of Non-Discrimination judges will be the subject of law, so there is a shift in the concept of being a legal subject because it is based on the principle of Non Discrimination. The norm as a Contempt of court arrangement is stated as "everyone ...".
PROBLEMATIKA PENDELEGASIAN PERATURAN PRESIDEN DALAM HIERARKI PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Esfandiari Fitria
Published: November 2019

Government Regulation and Presidential Regulation are the basis for delegating the authority within the constitutional system in Indonesia. As the foundation of the implementation of the government, the accuracy of the content material and boundaries that are regulated are needless to say, significant. This paper is written with the intention to analyze several models of regulatory delegation in Indonesia. Government Regulation and Presidential Regulation as mentioned in Article 7 Paragraph (1) Constitution No 12 Year 2011, concerning the establishment of Legislative Regulation did not provide clear limitations regarding these two matters and when it is practiced, problems evoked. This paper analyzes that delegation in Government Regulation and Presidential Regulation and how it should be given clear and detailed restrictions on the content, in question to avoid overlapping rules and poor choices that can invite inaccurate interpretations which ultimately can result in confusion in its implementation.