bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sezgisel bulanık çok uzmanlı & çok ölçütlü karar verme metodolojisi: sağlık sektöründe bir uygulama
Authors: OTAY İrem
Published: February 2022

Bulanık küme uzantıları son yıllarda çok sayıda araştırmada kullanılan, belirsizliği ele alma araçlarından biridir. Fakat bu uzantılar arasındaki ilişkilerin ve geçişlerin yazında yeteri kadar tartışılmadığı da bir gerçektir. 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren bulanık karar verme teorisi yazında en çok araştırılan konulardan biri olmuştur. Özellikle son yıllarda çok sayıda bulanık karar verme modeli yeni bulanık küme uzantıları kullanılarak önerilmiştir. Çok ölçütlü karar verme modelleri, bu uzantıların sıkça kullanıldığı bir araştırma alanı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, üçgensel sezgisel bulanık kümeler kullanılarak tanımlanmış bir bütünleşik AHY-TOPSIS metodolojisi, aralık değerli üçgensel bulanık sayıların kullanılabileceği bir metodolojiye dönüştürülmüştür. Uygulama alanı olarak, İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren bir hastaneler grubunun yeni açacağı hastane için ameliyat robotu değerlendirme ve seçim problemi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, farklı bulanık küme uzantı tabanlı veri kümelerinin birbirlerine dönüştürülerek aynı metodolojide başarıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada ayrıca karşılaştırma ve duyarlılık analizleri yapılmış ve önerilen modelin sonuçlarının oldukça gürbüz ve tutarlı olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Çembersel küçük bir ilkel kusura sahip düzgün yayılı düşey yük etkisindeki ankastre mesnetli kirişlerin vurgu burkulması ve burkulma sonrası analizleri
Authors: TEKİN ATACAN Ayfer , YÜKSELER R. Faruk
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada; düzgün yayılı düşey yük etkisindeki, başlangıçta küçük bir çembersel kusura sahip ankastre mesnetli kirişlerde, vurgu stabilitesi ve burkulma sonrası davranışlar incelenmektedir. İlkel kusurlu kirişin geometrisi ile ilgili bir parametrenin, burkulma değerleri ve burkulma sonrası davranış üzerindeki etkisinin yanı sıra ilkel kusurlu kirişin şekil değiştirmiş geometrisi, mesnet tepkileri ve iç kuvvetler üzerindeki etkileri de araştırılmıştır. Euler-Bernoulli kiriş teorisi çerçevesinde elde edilen doğrusal olmayan yönetici diferansiyel denklemlerin sayısal çözümü için sonlu farklar yöntemi ve yer değiştirme kontrollü Newton-Raphson yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Geometrik parametrenin; burkulma değerleri, ilkel kusurlu kirişin şekil değiştirmiş geometrisi, mesnet tepkileri ve iç kuvvetleri üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Remazol Marine Blue tekstil boyasının Lactarius salmonicolor biyokütlesi ile biyosorpsiyonu: Kinetik, izotermal ve termodinamik parametreler
Authors: GÖÇENOĞLU SARIKAYA Aslı
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, Lactarius salmonicolor biyokütlesinin tekstil boyar maddesi olan Remazol Marine Blue (RMB)'nun gideriminde biyosorbent olarak kullanımı araştırılmıştır. pH, başlangıç boya derişimi, sıcaklık, temas süresi ve biyokütlenin tekrar kullanımı gibi birçok parametre kesikli sistemde araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre kinetik, termodinamik ve izoterm gibi bazı fizikokimyasal parametreler hesaplanarak, biyosorpsiyonun doğası aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. pH: 3'de, 0,8 g/L biyosorbent miktarının kullanıldığı koşullarda 100 mg/L başlangıç RMB'nun biyosorpsiyon kapasitesi 35 ºC'de 126,57 mg/g bulunmuştur. Biyosorpsiyon yalancı-ikinci derece kinetik modele uyumlu ve kendiliğinde gerçekleşen bir proses olduğu bulunmuştur.
Fatores que potencializam a participação e comunicação dos estudantes de ensino superior na modalidade a distância
Authors: Orofino Paula Santos , Alves Adson Nogueira , Gonçalves Raphael Sigolo Ruas , Palacios Vitor da Silva , Garbin Mônica Cristina
Published: February 2022

The increase in the offer of distance learning higher education courses is a growing reality that requires a careful look at how communication takes place between those involved. Thus, the objective of this article is to investigate the factors that in distance education enhance the participation of undergraduate students in synchronous and asynchronous communications, based on the assumptions of the theories of learning by Lev Vygotsky and Paulo Freire. Therefore, as specific objectives, the profile of students was also drawn in relation to the investigated sample, as well as a diagnosis made in undergraduate courses at a Brazilian State University about the current conception of students about the types of communication that occur during his academic training. background, revealing the frequency of use of communication tools and the frequency of interaction and level of influence between the actors involved.With the structuring and analysis of the data carried out, the following factors were identified as factors that enhance participation: expansion of synchronous interaction with the professor who authored the course; the need for a quicker return to messages that are posted on the forums; improving the administrative / didactic-pedagogical organization of the dissemination of lives; change in the schedule of lives or better sizing of schedules; and lives with exercise resolutions and on-call doubts. In addition to providing students with a more active participation in this communication process in the context of distance education, considering that the teaching and learning process occur in a mediated, collaborative way and through social interactions in the midst of the knowledge society.
Validación de la Escala Uso y Función de las TIC en Contextos Educativos para estudiantes de Educación Superior
Authors: Tirado-Lara Paola Jazmín , Roque-Hernández María del Pilar
Published: February 2022

The importance of ICT in Higher Education is present in international and national policies; in contextual moments where distance and asynchronous education is prioritized, it is urgent to identify the competences in university students. This research sought to validate in the Mexican population a scale to evaluate the frequency of use and function of ICTs and the educational contexts in which they are used, that supports knowledge about their strengths and areas of opportunity. The methodology was quantitative and divided into two phases: 1) descriptive study to design and pilot the scale; and 2) validation of the final version of the instrument with 390 students from three states of the country. From the analysis of descriptive studies, normality, construct validity (factor analysis) and reliability, the instrument was make up of two components: a) 26 items distributed in 4 factors that measure frequency of use and function; and b) 8 multiple - choice items to identify educational contexts of use. This scale explained 42.7% of the variance, with a global Cronbach Alpha of .91. The use of reliable assessment tools in higher education, will facilitate the intervention and the development of psycho - educational strategies for the acquisition of ICT skills.
Yields of Promising Sugarcane Clones under Three Different Planting Arrangements
Authors: Riajaya Prima Diarini , Djumali Djumali , Heliyanto Bambang
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Kediri, East Java, to examine the influence of row spacing on the yield of five promising clones from August 2018-June 2020. The investigation was of a Split-Plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three planting arrangements: SR, single row spacing at 110 cm, DR1, double rows spacing 50+135 cm, and DR2, double rows spacing 50+170 cm. Sub-plots consisted of five promising clones and one check variety: MLG 5, MLG 9, MLG 14, MLG 52, MLG 55, and PS 881. The results suggest no overall significant effect of planting arrangement on sugar yield, though clones may vary. There are significant differences in yield between some clones. Wider rows, DR2, show the highest yield in tonnes of cane per hectare (TCH) in PC (153.94 t/ha) with a slight decrease (14%) in RC-1 due to reduced plant population. Sugar yield in tonnes of sugar per hectare (TSH) in various planting arrangements ranges from 12.26-13.99 t/ha in PC and 10.68-11.93 t/ha in RC-1. MLG 9 can be released as a new variety with high cane and sugar yields.
Productivity of Eugenol from Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Under Different Light and Soil Water Conditions
Authors: Setiawan Adi , Ito Satoshi , Mitsuda Yasushi , Hirata Ryoko , Yamagishi Kiwamu , Umar Yasa Palaguna , Kamei Ichiro
Published: February 2022

We examined the effect of watering and shading treatments on eugenol productivity of clove seedlings in order to provide the information of the suitable site conditions for eugenol production. After a six-month experiment growing clove seedlings under twelve treatments (3 shading treatments (0%, 60% and 80%) x 4 watering treatments (1.0, 0.75, 0.5 and 0.25 l/m2/day), the total leaf mass per tree (LM), the eugenol content per unit leaf mass (EL) and the eugenol yield per tree (EY) were measured and compared between treatments. As the results, the low watering rates reduced LM slightly; however, this effect was counteracted by the drastically increased EL under the same conditions, resulting in the highest EY in the least watered treatment (0.25 l/m2/day). Heavy shading consistently reduced LM and EL, resulting in the lowest LY under the 80% shading treatment. The relatively dryer site condition where moderate water stress is likely to occur is more suitable for planting clove trees from the aspect of the for long-term high productivity of eugenol, and that the high tree density which may cause a severe competition and a heavy mutual shading among clove trees should be avoided to maintain long term high productivity.
Effect of Fast Dissolved Phosphorus Fertilizer on the Growth, Seed Product, and Phosphorus Uptake Efficiency of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Cahyono Ongko , Minardi Slamet
Published: February 2022

The appropriate method of P fertilizer application is very important for the efficiency of P uptake and yield improvement. This research aimed to assess the growth response, seed product, and P uptake efficiency of soybean to the application of fast dissolved phosphorus fertilizer. Two consecutive potted experiments under greenhouse condition were conducted using Alfisols from Jumantono Karanganyar as planting media. The soybeans were planted and treated with six doses of P fertilizer. The treatments were designed in a completely randomized experiment with 5 replications. In the first experiment, the plants were harvested at the maximum vegetative growth for measurement of plant growth components and P uptake. In the second experiment, the plants were harvested at optimum grain maturity for seed yield and P efficiency measurements. The results showed that the application of fast dissolved-P fertilizer improved plant growth, seed yield and P uptake efficiency. Fast dissolved-P fertilizer was optimum at a dose of 100 kg/ha which was applied in a split application method at 0, 15, and 30 days after planting. However further field research is necessary to confirm the results.
Sensitivity in Callus Tissue of Plectranthus amboinicus (L.) through Mutation Induction with Colchicine
Authors: Wibisono Kunto , Aisyah Syarifah Iis , Nurcholis Waras , Suhesti Sri
Published: February 2022

Mutation induction by colchicine is one method to improve plant genetic diversity (polyploidy). This study aims to 1) obtain growth regulators composition suitable in inducing callus, 2) obtain the LC50 value in callus of P. amboinicus, 3) to determine the effect of colchicine on callus growth, 4) to get shoots (putative mutant) varian, regenerating from indirect organogenesis (callus) in MV1. The study is conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Seed Management, Plantation Research, and Development Center from June 2018 to June 2019. The study uses a complete randomized design with four treatments and three replications. Explants use ware the nodes. Callus induction uses MS0 medium with 0.5 ppm 2.4-D, 2 ppm 2.4-D, 0.5 ppm 2.4-D + 1 ppm BAP, and 0.5 ppm 2.4-D + 0.5 ppm TDZ treatment. Mutation induction was performed using colchicine concentration at 0%, 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06% treatments. The regeneration media is an MS0 medium. The results show the best combination of plant growth regulators to induce the callus is 0.5 ppm 2.4-D. The LC50 colchicine concentration is at 0.0275%. However, this phenotype is reversible. An additional subculture period is required to move to normal morphology
EXPLORING CULTURAL ACCULTURATION: RITUALS AND SPIRITUAL PRACTICES OF TRADITIONAL CHILDBIRTH IN NANJUNG, BANDUNG REGENCY, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Komariah Kokom Siti , Islamy Mohammad Rindu Fajar , Budiyanti Nurti , Parhan Muhamad
Published: February 2022

Indonesia is a multicultural country that has so much diversity, among which is the diversity of religions and customs or cultures. Cultural acculturation has a significant impact on the construction of thought and ritual practices carried out by a society. The purpose of this study was to analyze and analyze the practice of traditional child birth carried out by the community in Nanjung Village, Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The research method used in this study is an ethnographic approach. The author tries to make a visit to the site, then interviewed single information interactively to find the data needed in this study. The data obtained were then analyzed using the theory of acculturation and Islamic religious perspective. The findings prove that the practice of customary childbirth carried out by the perpetrator is a cultural acculturation process. The practice of child birth is at least one way in the context of maximum efforts so that the baby can survive and develop into a pious child
Impacto dos papéis dos mais velhos na promoção da saúde em famílias com paramiloidose
Authors: Oliveira Carla Roma , Mendes Álvaro , Sousa Liliana
Published: February 2022

Os elementos mais velhos da família exercem papéis de promoção da saúde junto dos mais novos em doenças hereditárias como a paramiloidose. Contudo, escasseiam estudos que associem esses papéis ao impacto nas gerações mais novas. O objetivo deste estudo qualitativo exploratório é analisar o impacto dos papéis exercidos pelos mais velhos junto dos mais novos na promoção da saúde em famílias com paramiloidose. Adotou-se a Técnica dos Incidentes Críticos aplicada em entrevistas semiestruturadas. A amostra compreende 18 participantes, que relataram 76 incidentes. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados sugerem que os impactos nos mais novos envolvem sobretudo capacitação para enfrentar a doença (n=41) e dificultar/complexificar a experiência da doença (n=11). O impacto dos papéis exercidos pelos mais velhos em famílias com paramiloidose é relevante, devendo ser considerado pelas equipas de saúde.
Fonamentalisme i Religió
Authors: Hernández Joan
Published: February 2022

El present article tracta sobre el fonamentalisme, la religió i la seva connexió. En concret explica què és i es posa de manifest els diferents tipus de fonamentalismes i el seu abast d’acció. A la vegada estableix un anàlisi i definició de les particularitats i característiques. Tot això, fent referència i tenint en compte l’aproximació, la transversalitat, la diversitat terminològica, l’aplicació i la detecció dels trets fonamentalistes, així com del seu tractament.
Modeling and Performance Investigations of Partially Shaded Solar PV Arrays with Cell Partition Technique based Modules
Authors: BALARAJU V , Chengaiah Ch.
Published: February 2022

Solar photovoltaic (PV) modules consist of solar cells connected in series to provide the required output power. The solar PV system is experiencing major challenges, which are mainly due to the partial shadows on the photovoltaic modules leading to mismatching power loss and hot spot problems. Hotspots have become a major cause of PV module failure. The Cell Partition Technique (CPT) is proposed to reduce hotspots and minimize mismatch losses caused by partial shadings. Specifically, each solar PV cell (Full cell) in a solar PV module is divided or partitioned into two half cells (known as Half-Cut Cells or HC) and three equal cells (known as Tri-Cut Cells or TC) in accordance with the proposed technique. The HC and TC types of cells are connected in a strings of series-parallel connection, and bypass diode is placed in middle of the solar PV module to ensure proper operation. The primary aim of this research is to model, evaluate, and investigate the performance of solar PV arrays using new PV modules are developed based on Cell Partition Technique (PVM-CPT), such as half-cut cell modules (HCM), and tri-cut cell modules (TCM) and compared with full-sized cell modules (FCM). These PVM-CPT are connected in Series–Parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT), and proposed static shade dispersion based TCT reconfiguration (SD-TCTR) for the array sizes of 3x4, 4x3 and 4x4, respectively. The purpose is to select the most appropriate solar PV array configurations in terms of the highest global maximum power and thus the lowest mismatch power losses under short and narrow, short and wide, long and narrow, long and wide type of cell level partial shadings. The Matlab/Simulink software is used to simulate and analyze all of the shading cases. The results show that, when compared to conventional module configurations under different shading conditions, the proposed static SD-TCTR arrangement with TC modules (SDTCTR-TCM) exhibits the lowest mismatch power losses and the greatest improvement in array power.
Competition of Procedural Forms of Court Consideration of Public Service Disciplinary Disputes
Authors: Leshchina E. L.
Published: February 2022

The paper examines the features of the legal regulation of consideration of administrative disputes and public service disputes as one of their types by the courts of general jurisdiction. It is shown that, despite the public and managerial nature of state-official, disciplinary relations, public service disputes between civil servants and an authorized manager about the legality of disciplinary sanctions, as well as disputes between employees and their employers, are dealt with by the courts under the rules of the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, since the legislation does not establish special jurisdictional rules for claims arising from public service disputes. The author substantiates the opinion that for administrative cases challenging (appealing) the decisions, acts (or omissions to act) of state authorities and other state bodies and their officials on the ground of their nature and content of legal relations underlying them, administrative proceedings constitute the preferred procedural form for their consideration. Currently, administrative proceedings do not have any legitimate possibility to consider a dispute complicated by civil claims. Based on the analysis of existing approaches to the choice of procedural forms of consideration of public service disputes, it is suggested that the court can consistently consider within one administrative case, first, the legality of an administrative act, and then the claims against the state body, which will require the revision of the concept of the Code of Administrative Court Procedure in the RF.
Legal Nature and System of State Environmental Policy Acts
Authors: Krasnova I. O.
Published: February 2022

The system of state environmental policy acts includes the Constitution of the Russian Federation in respect of environmental provisions, federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation and regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation. The Constitution as a political and legal act constitutes a fundamental and stable basis for legal regulation in this area. In environmental legislation, environmental policy is determined selectively, not covering all areas of environmental relations. This interferes with a clear understanding of what goals should be achieved as a result of the implementation of the law. It is proposed to restore the practice that existed in Soviet times and used in foreign legislation by including provisions on the goals and objectives of legal regulation in the texts of laws. Strategic planning documents are characterized by weak coherence and fragmentation, an unclear correlation in terms of legal force and areas of regulation. It is proposed not only to make the work of state authorities on the development of environmental policy systematic, but also to codify political and legal by-laws.
Examples of positive phytotherapy of patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Barnaulov Oleg D. , Timosheva Yaroslava A.
Published: February 2022

The increasing of morbidity with bronchial asthma, allergic respiratory diseases demand active search not only medicamental treatment. The review of foreign articles states successful using plant drugs and methods of traditional medicines. Proper clinical practice confirms the foreign authors results: the phytotherapy of patients with bronchial asthma is high effective and safe method. It is necessary wide scale, state supported measures for introduction phytotherapy to practice.
Mistakes in the treatment of congenital radial clubhand in children
Authors: Prokopovich V. S.
Published: February 2022

There were 194 patients, aged 8 months-16 years, with congenital talipomanus radioflexa who had 254 deformity of upper extremity. Operative treatment was performed on 232 exptremities. Good results were achieved in 69%), satisfactory in 22%o of cases. In 9%o of patients (21 upper extremities) partial or complete relapses of deformity requiring repeated surgical correction were detected. Failed outcomes were due to inadequate preoperative planning, technical and methodic mistakes. Analysis showed if those errors were avoided, the significant decrease of deformity relapses rate could be achieved.
Comparative analysis of the results of treatment of patients with extensive defects of the tibia using various technologies for fragment lengthening
Authors: Borzunov D. Yu. , Kuftyrev L. M.
Published: February 2022

The comparative analysis of the efficacy of surgical and rehabilitation management for the substitution of vast tibia defects using various methods for fragment lenthening was performed. The tibia defect was over 7 cm. Technique of multilevel fragment lenthening gave the better restoration of bone defect with simultaneous decrease of rehabilitation terms and stages, in comparison with onelevel fragment lengthening.
Influence of fetal bone tissue on reparative bone regeneration (experimental study)
Authors: Omelyanenko N. P. , Malakhov O. A. , Karpov I. N. , Sukhikh G. T. , Kozhevnikov O. V.
Published: February 2022

The study was performed in 48 rabbits. After 1 cm resection of central part of radius diaphysis the defect was substituted with fragments of fetal tissue. Sixteen rabbits made up a control group. It was shown that fetal bone tissue stimulated reparative bone regeneration. Its fragments were not the centers of osteogenesis but bone development started within preserved periosteum and endosteum, i.e. in the location of cambial cells of osteodifferone. There were several stages of damaged bone full value structure restoration: 1) filling of the defect with fibrillar connective tissue surrounding the fragments of fetal bone tissue; 2) development of reticulo-fibrotic bone regenerate with fragments of fetal bone tissue; 3) remodeling and formation of laminar bone regenerate; 4) restoration of medullar canal with bone marrow. Restoration of damaged radius structure was accompanied by periosteal reaction and focal resorption of undamaged ulnar both at the defect level and outside the defect. In control group full value restoration of damaged bone was observed in no case
Treatment of comminuted diaphyseal fractures of the femur using closed blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis
Authors: Suvalyan M. A.
Published: February 2022

During 1996-2000 at the Department of Urgent Traumatology of Loco-Motor System (Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Care named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy) intramedullar osteosynthesis using AO/ASIF blocked pin was performed in 20 patients with comminuted femur fractures (21 fractures). This method gives stabile fixation of fragments that allows to stand up and walk using crutches on 5-10 days after operation. Mean term of load bearing restoration and moving extremity function was 4.5 months. One patient had delayed fragments consolidation. No complications such as suppuration, extremity shortening, angle and rotation deformity were observed.
Biomechanical substantiation of compression osteosynthesis in near- and intra-articular fractures
Authors: Kallaev T. N. , Kallaev N. O.
Published: February 2022

Dynamic compressive osteosynthesis using elaborated special device was performed in 182 patients with peri- and intraarticular fractures of various localisation. The biomechanical background of that osteosynthesis was presented on the models of intraarticular fractures. Dosed compression osteosynthesis provides gentle compression on the fragmets taking into account biological resorption in the site of fragments contact till the time of fracture healing. Fixation stability allows to combine the immobilization and rehabilitation periods that decreases the terms of motion restoration in joint, the risk of contracture formation and development of deforming arthrosis. Good and satisfactory anatomical and functional results were achieved in 96.2% of patients
The use of new generation non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in traumatology and orthopedics
Authors: Musalatov Kh. A. , Silin L. L. , Brovkin S. V.
Published: February 2022

Efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of new generation - nimesil was studied in complex treatment of degenerative joint diseases (on coxarthrosis model), acute traumatic injuries (on knee hemarthorosis model) and after minor invasive operations (arthoroscopy). One hundred thirty three patients were studied. Seventy four patients were on nimesil therapy, 59 patients were in control group (treatment without nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or diclofenac intake). It was detected that nimesil possesses anti-inflammatory, analgetic and antipyretic effect. Besides, better comfortness of treatment, acceleration of pathlogic symptoms regression and faster functional restoration were noted. Assessment of nimesil versus diclofenac in comparable patient groups was shown its higher efficacy and better tolerance.
Alkaptonuria and ochronotic arthropathy
Authors: Trotsenko V. V. , Nuzhdin V. I. , Popova T. P. , Kagramanov S. V. , Kudinov O. A. , Bavashev A. S.
Published: February 2022

Four cases of operative treatment for ochronosis arthropathy in patients with alcaptonuria are presented. In 3 patients hip joint and in 1 patient knee joint were affected. Prior to surgery all patients were treated conservatively. Two patients successfully underwent total hip replacement. Intertrochanteric femur osteotomy was performed in 1 case. In the fourth patient arthroplasty of knee joint with allograft from rib cartilage failed due to suppurative arthritis resulted in joint resection and arthrodesis.
Measuring device for diagnosing ankle injuries
Authors: Brusenskaya E. I.
Published: February 2022

The measuring device for diagnosis of ankle injuries is presented. Using that device it was possible to determine and compare the polar coordinates of certain points in healthy and injured joints on direct and lateral radiograms. The device enabled to increase the accuracy of diagnosis, allow to quantitatively assess the degree of bone fragment displacement and trauma severity.
Venous thromboembolic complications in lower limb injuries and hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Matveeva N. Yu. , Eskin N. A. , Natsvlishvili Z. G. , Mikhailova L. K.
Published: February 2022

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most important problems of modern medicine: in developed countries, about 500 thousand patients die from it every year [3, 7]. According to a number of studies [8, 18, 62], based on the results of autopsies performed in surgical hospitals, at least 20% of deaths are associated with pulmonary embolism, while about half of the patients could be saved with timely diagnosis of venous thrombosis and adequate therapeutic and preventive measures [3, 7, 19, 70]. It seems to us relevant to discuss the problem of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) in traumatology and orthopedics, especially since traumatic injuries of the extremities and surgical interventions on them are high-risk situations for the development of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism [2].
Results of the implementation of scientific research within the framework of the industry program "Topical Issues of Traumatology and Orthopedics" (1996-2000)
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Trotsenko V. V. , Popova M. M. , Andreeva T. M.
Published: February 2022

The paper used materials from reports of specialized research institutes and departments of traumatology, orthopedics and military and surgical medical universities. The industry program was carried out by 10 NIITO, as well as MONIKI them. M.F. Vladimirsky, St. Petersburg Research Institute of Prosthetics and 5 departments of traumatology and orthopedics of medical universities - RSMU, St. Petersburg, Samara, Ivanovo and Izhevsk. More than 740 researchers took part in scientific research. Completed 40 contracts.
The role of computed tomography in the development and implementation of minimally invasive surgery methods in the clinic of bone pathology
Authors: Morozov A. K. , Snetkov A. I. , Balberkin A. V. , Belyaeva A. A. , Kosov I. A. , Frantov A. R.
Published: February 2022

The evaluation of the CT efficacy for the elaboration and realization of low invasive diagnosis and treatment in bone pathology was performed. Sixty two patients, aged from 6 to 80, were examined. The method of stereotaxic determination of pathologic locus localization with CT controlled manipulation (target biopsy, anchor navigation in disorder focus, injection of contrast matter and introduction of plastic materials into the focus) was used. The efficacy of those method made up 89.6% for target biopsy corresponding to the high degree accuracy of pathological process identification and 100%) for the preoperative marking. New elaborated method is accurate and safe for the patients.
Clinic, diagnosis and treatment of chondroblastoma in children
Authors: Snetkov A. I. , Morozov A. K. , Verchenko G. N. , Frantov A. R. , Belyaeva A. A. , Pavlov R. N. , Kotov V. L. , Batrakov S. Yu.
Published: February 2022

It is for the first time that the clinical picture, diagnosis and outcomes of surgical treatment of bone chondroblastoma in children (85 patients, aged 816) are described in native literature. Pathological focus was localized in the epiphysis and metaepiphysis of long bone predominantly. Clinical manifestations were pain syndrome, restriction of movement and development of contracture in the adjacent joint. Typical radiological signs included excentrically located osteolytic locus of destruction with speckled inclusions and clear contour. The locus was separated by sclerosis line and periostal stratums were present in the distance from the locus. CT, MRT and angiographic examination enabled to determine the destructive locus at early stages of its development and to differentiate with other tumors, inflammatory diseases and dystrophic processes. In all cases diagnosis was verified morphologically. All patients underwent surgery. In the majority of cases periarticular subchondral resection with cavity electrocoagulation and alloplasty of the defect was performed. In case of articular cartilage destruction intracapsular marginal or segmental resection followed by allo- or autoplasty of the defect was carried out. Recurrences were observed in 8,2%) of cases. In 8 patients shortening or deformity of limb developed as a result of growth zone damaged caused by pathological process and surgical intervention. Those problems were eliminated by additional surgery.
Problems of lengthening of the lower limbs in children and stimulation of reparative processes in the area of distraction regenerates
Authors: Malakhov O. A. , Kozhevnikov O. V. , Omelianenko N. P. , Belyaeva A. A. , Krupatkin A. I. , Kosovo I. S.
Published: February 2022

During the period from 1988 to 2000 the compensation lower limb shortening was performed in 285 patients, aged 2.5-18 years, at CITO Pediatric Orthopaedic Clinik. In 5 patients with severe extremity malformation and severe vascular pathology surgical interventions aimed at facilitation of subsequent prosthesis and orthesis. The other patients were subjected to surgical correction using rod distraction device of original design. Complex rehabilitation treatment including functional biocontrol was started in the early postoperative period. The condition of distraction regenerate was evaluated by X-ray, CT and Doppler Laser Flowmetry data. In 63 patients with congenital lower extremity pathology in whom insufficient regeneration was observed the implants containing fetal bone tissue were inserted into the regenerate zone resulting in marked osteogenic effect. Suggested treatment allowed to improve the outcomes and shorten the terms of treatment.
Principles of treatment of polystructural injuries of limbs in children
Authors: Merkulov V. N. , Sokolov O. G. , Dorokhin A. I. , Stuzhina V. T.
Published: February 2022

Authors suggest to use a term polystrusctural injuries when two or more anatomic structures within either one segment or extremity are injured and reconstructive treatment is required. Experience in treatment of 256 patients with polystructural limb injuries is summarized. The consequence of reconstructive operations on skin, bones, muscular-ligamentous elements, vessels and peripheral nerves. Main techniques for the reconstruction of injured anatomic structures depending on their nature and combinations are presented. Using elaborated principles of treatment for polystructural limb injuries positive results are achieved in 93.5% of cases.
Medico-biological aspects of experimental studies of armored contusion injury
Authors: Crazier A. N. , Kamenev Yu. F.
Published: February 2022

Experiments with armoured vest on mongrel dogs and mini-pigs showed that the most significant indices of contusion trauma is the volume of injury. When the shock impulse affects the cardiac zone the inner organs injuries are distributed in the following way: right lung - 29%o, right lung + liver - 29%o, left lung + liver -14%o, right lung + heart - 14%o, heart + liver - 14%o, and cardiorrhexis occurs only in 32%o of cases. When the shock impulse is aimed at the pulmonary zone the isolated liver injury is observed in 54%o and combined injury of the right lung and liver in 46% of cases. The severity of the contusion trauma resulting in liver and spleen injuries may be of different degree. In such cases the outcome depends on the type and severity of these organs injury and inner bleeding may be asymptomatic for a long time. The results of our study show that even the first 6 hours after the spleen injury the volume of blood within the abdomen could be from 500 to 1000 ml. At the same time the ruptures and fissures of the hepatic capsule do not result in such massive hemorrhage.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of hand tendon injuries
Authors: Eskin N. A. , Kuzmenko V. V. , Korshunov V. F. , Magdiev D. A. , Chulovskaya I. G.
Published: February 2022

Ultrasonographic examination was performed in 106 patients with clinical manifestations of wrist tendon injuries and their sequelae (in 54 patients prior to specialized treatment, in 90 - in the postoperative period and in conservative treatment). In 63 patients flexor tendons, in 36 extensor tendons, in 5 both flexors and extensors were examined. In 106 patients 139 tendons (445 ultrasonographies) were examined. Real-time Sonoline SL-1 scanner (Siemens) with 5 and 7.5 MHz linear and sector transducers was used. The examination was performed in transverse and longitudinal planes both at rest and dynamics. In 75 patients (70.8%) scan allowed to correct the preoperative protocol, tactics of conservative treatment and postoperative management as well as to choose the adequate individual duration of immobilization. Techniques of ultrasonographic examination of the wrist soft tissues in tendon injuries is elaborated. Indications for ultrasonographic examination are determined and sonographic picture of fresh and old tendon injuries and their sequelae is described.
The value of mineral density and quality indicators of bone tissue in ensuring its strength in osteoporosis
Authors: Rodionova S. S. , Makarov M. A. , Kolondaev A. F. , Gavryushenko N. S. , Morozov A. K.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of that investigation was to study the factors influencing the strength of femoral neck and its endurance to loads in osteoporosis. In experiment 24 samples of proximal femur obtained in autopsy from patients older than 60 years who died from different diseases without disturbance of bone metabolism were investigated. Mineral density of cortical and cancellous bones was assessed in standard zones using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). For the imitation of soft tissues the samples were placed in water and that allowed to compare the data obtained with norm measurement used for diagnosis of osteoporosis. Strength of femoral neck and its cortical layer as well as limit of elastic deformities, deformity value of femoral neck were evaluated in gradually increasing load. High correlation was showed between neck strength and BMD (r=0.86, p0.001). Osteoporotic qualitative state of bone and structural peculiarities of femoral neck influenced the bone strength independently of BMD value. The main role of cortical bone in providence the strength offemoral neck was confirmed in experiment.
Surgical treatment of ruptures of the pubic symphysis and sacroiliac joint in multiple and concomitant trauma
Authors: Sokolov V. A. , Shchetkin V. A.
Published: February 2022

Experience in operative treatment of severe unstable fracture of pelvic ring is presented. There were 91 patients with polytrauma. Biomechanical characteristics of pelvic bones and joints of different injury severity was given. Priorities of main diagnostic and curative management were defined in patients with concomitant pelvic injury. Efficacy of AO type external fixation device for the pelvic fracture stabilization in acute period was shown. In pubic symphisis rupture with diastasis over 3 sm. the method of internal fixation by modified plate was used. In old fractures osteosynthesis with alloplasty was carried out. In 79 patients follow up ranged from 1 to 10 years. Good results were achieved in 62 patients (78.5%), satisfactory results in 11 patients (13.9%)).
The use of anti-shock suit "chestnut" in the treatment of severe concomitant trauma
Authors: Kolesnikov V. V. , Onishchenko N. S. , Dushkin O. F.
Published: February 2022

Antishock Kashtan costume was used in complex treatment of 31 injureds with severe comcomitant trauma (in 13 patients at prehospital stage, in 18 at hospital stage). Application of Kashtan gave the possibility to decrease the lethality up to 25.8%. Timely use of antishock costume was shown to provide the stabilization of hemodynamics, prolong the golden hour (the period of relative compensation), prevent the torpid shock development, perform required surgical intervention and to improve the outcomes. Indications and contrindications to Kashtan use are given.
Biologically and mechanically compatible titanium nickelide implants in the treatment of injuries of the thoracic and lumbar spine
Authors: Ilyin A. A. , Kollerov M. Yu. , Sergeev S. V. , Country N. V. , Radnaev E. B. , Nevzorov A. M. , Jojua A. V.
Published: February 2022

Based on the concept of biomechanic and biochemic compatibility of nikelide Ti implants with body tissues the application of devices with form memory effect as well as superelasticity for the treatment of uncomplicated compressive fractures of thoracic and lumbar spine was substantiated. Fixators played the role of so called endoprostheses for the injured posterior ligamentous apparatus resulted from superelasticity. In cases without severe disorders of spine mobility in postoperative period those fixators allowed early activization and rehabilitation of patients. On the basis of clinical outcomes of 32 patients with vertebral body fractures efficacy of posterior fixation by nikelide Ti brackets has been proven.
The first experience in the treatment of closed fractures of the metacarpal bones with the use of a short plaster cast
Authors: Migulev I. Yu. , Semiletov G. A. , Mirzoyan A. S.
Published: February 2022

Method of conservative treatment of closed II-V metacarpal bone fractures was suggested. It included closed reposition of bone fragments and fixation by short plaster dressing. That dressing was a sugar-tongs plaster splint spreading from the palm to the back of the wrist via ulnar (radius) margin of hand. Careful modeling of plaster dressing with fulcrums on the palm and the back of the wrist provided stable fixation of bone fragments. That method of treatment was applied in 129 patients with closed fractures of II V metacarpal bones. Complete bone fragments reduction was obtained in 81 patients (62.8%)), significant improvement in 39 patients (30.2%). Secondary displacement of bone fragments in plaster dressing was noted in 8 cases (6.2%)). At 1.52 months follow up the results were excellent in 65% of patients, good results were achieved in 16.5%o of cases and satisfactory results in 18.5%). Unsatisfactory results were not observed.
Long-term results of rehabilitation of patients after surgical treatment of intra-articular fractures of the knee joint (preliminary report)
Authors: Akhtyamov I. F. , Krivoshapko G. M. , Krivoshapko S. V.
Published: February 2022

Retrospective analysis of long-term results of surgical treatment for intra-articular knee fractures was presented. There were 52 patients who were treated at Inter-regional Traumatologic Department of Elabuga CRH from 1996 to 2000. The age of patients ranged from 15 to 89 years. Overwhelming majority of patients (73,1%)) was able to work, i.e. from 18 to 60 years. In 18 patients long-term results of rehabilitation were good, in 32 the results were satisfactory and in 2 cases unsatisfactory. In 53,8% of patients the limb function was restored completely. Due to marked posttraumatic knee contractures 2 patients were declared invalid of group III. The authors attributed it to the underestimation of the rehabilitation importance and the absence of complex approach to the treatment of that group of patients.
Thrombosis of deep veins of the lower extremities in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty
Authors: Matveeva N. Yu. , Eskin N. A. , Natsvlishvili Z. G.
Published: February 2022

Ultrasound scan was used to examine 73 patients after total hip replacement. In 39 patients contrast phlebography (distal ascending or retrograde iliocavagraphy) was also performed. Deep vein thrombosis was detected in 14 (19,2%)) patients including proximal (10 patients) and distal (4 patients) thrombosis. Comparison of two methods showed no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity when detecting the proximal deep vein thrombosis. In diagnosis of distal deep vein thrombosis ultrasound scan gave 75%o of sensitivity and 100%o of specificity in comparison to phlebography.
Neurovascular component of the dystrophic process and the development of osteonecrosis in Perthes disease
Authors: Krupatkin A. I. , Malakhov O. A. , Ivanov A. V.
Published: February 2022

In 60 patients with reactive synovitis and Perthes disease the thermographic evaluation of neurovascular interconnection was performed. The importance of neurodynamic tissue regulation disturbances of the hip region including microvasculature in pathogenesis of preradiologic lesions transition into the decompensation phase with osteonecrosis development was shown. It was noted that important moment in osteonecrosis development was the achievement of threshold level of neurodynamic vascular regulation disturbances with the involvement of enormous number of neurons from the adjusted segments and loosing of hamper mechanism. Prevention of volume spreading of tissue and neurodystrophic reaction at preradiologic phase is of essential significance for the prevention of process of transition into osteonecrosis phase.
Georgy Stepanovich Yumashev
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: February 2022

On March 21, 2002 Georgy Stepanovich Yumashev died. An outstanding orthopedic traumatologist, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Inventor of the USSR, laureate of the State Prize, one of those who stood at the origins of the development of domestic traumatology and orthopedics, has passed away.
The use of computer thermography in the diagnosis of diseases of the lumbosacral spine in athletes and ballet dancers
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Krupatkin A. I. , Burmakova G. M.
Published: February 2022

The experience in thermographic examination of 108 patients (athlets and ballet dancers) with lumbar-sacral spine diseases is presented. All patients have been treated at the CITO Department of Sports and Ballet Injury during the period from 1987 to 2002. Various thermograms typical of osteochondrosis, spondyloarthrosis, spondylolysis and ligamentous pathology of lumbar-sacral spine are given and described. Thermography is shown to be a nonspecific examination method which only defines more precisely the clinical and radiologic data. The main value of thermography is the possibility to detect the activity of the pathologic process and to retrace the dynamics of the disease development during follow up and treatment.
Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow
Authors: Golubev V. G. , Golubev V. G. , Ondar V. S.
Published: February 2022

Examination and treatment results of 120 patients with closed injuries of the ankle joint are presented. In 76 patients with various patterns and severity of closed injuries duplex crus veins examination using color Doppler to evaluate the venous blood circulation was performed within the first 24 hours. Mural deep vein thrombus of the crus was diagnosed in 26 (34.2%)) patients. Deep vein occlusion (posterior tibial vein) was detected in type B2 injuries 14 (45.2%) out of 31 examined patients, in type B3 11 (36. 7%)) out of 30 patients and in type C2 1 (9.1%)) out of 11 patients. Elaborated diagnostic curative scheme gave a two times decrease of the ratio of chronic venous circulation disturbance as compared to control and in 34.2%) of patients the development of postthrombophlebitic syndrome was prevented.
The use of a modified hinge-distraction apparatus for chronic injuries of the ankle and foot
Authors: Oganesyan O. V. , Korshunov A. V.
Published: February 2022

The experience (126 patients) in the use of the suggested by O.V. Oganesyan modified hingedistraction device for the treatment of old foot dislocations and fractures of the ankle joint articular ends is presented. Perfection of the construction enabled to simplify the application of the device as well as makes it possible to put together the articular ends and their fragments either in one step or gradually, to maintain the width of the articular slit along the articular surface, to perform active and passive motions in the unloaded joint. When the apparatus is used the volume of open surgical interventions is reduced to the required minimum. Due to the device construction it is also possible to eliminate all types of ankle joint and foot deformities (varus, valgus, equinus, adduction, excavation). In 109 patients the follow up period ranged from 1 to 17 years: the overwhelming majority of cases (82%) showed the restoration of the ankle joint function.