Comparing Functional Outcomes and Safety Profiles of First-Line Aspiration Thrombectomy Versus Stentriever for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion: Propensity Analysis of the PC-SEARCH Thrombectomy Registry
Authors: Mierzwa Adam T. , Al Kasab Sami , Nelson Ashley , Ortega Gutierrez Santiago , Vivanco-Suarez Juan , Farooqui Mudassir , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Desai Shashvat , Toth Gabor , Alrohimi Anas , Nguyen Thanh N. , Klein Piers , Abdalkader Mohamad , Salahuddin Hisham , Pandey Aditya , Koduri Sravanthi , Vora Niraj , Aladamat Nameer , Gharaibeh Khaled , Afreen Ehad , Zaidi Syed , Jumaa Mouhammad 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Aspiration catheters (ASPs) and stentriever thrombectomy devices have comparable safety and efficacy in anterior circulation ischemic strokes. However, there is lack of high-quality comparative data in acute basilar artery occlusions. Our objective is to compare the outcomes and safety of ASPs and stentriever devices in acute basilar artery occlusions.

METHODS:

This is an analysis of the retrospectively established PC-SEARCH Thrombectomy (Posterior-Circulation Ischemic Stroke Evaluation: Analyzing Radiographic and Intraprocedural Predictors for Mechanical Thrombectomy) registry. Patients were dichotomized based on their first-line thrombectomy device (ASP and stentriever) and associated with their 90-day functional outcomes, intraprocedural metrics, and safety measures. Propensity analysis based on unequal baseline characteristics was performed. Consecutive patients with acute basilar artery occlusions who received mechanical thrombectomy were included from January 2015 to December 2021. Patients received either first-line contact aspiration or stentriever mechanical thrombectomy. Primary clinical and safety outcomes were 90-day functional independence measured by a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 3 and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, respectively. Secondary outcomes included puncture-recanalization times, first-pass recanalization rates, crossovers to other thrombectomy device, and neurological/hospital complications.

RESULTS:

Five hundred eighteen patients were included in the registry, and a total of 383 patients were included (mean [SD] age, 65.5 [15] years; 228 [59%] men) in this analysis. Of these, 219 patients were first-line ASP while 164 patients received first-line stentriever devices. Median premorbid modified Rankin Scale was zero and median presenting National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 17 (interquartile range, 8–26). The proportion of favorable functional outcome was similar between the 2 techniques before (47.3% versus 42.5%; odds ratio, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.78–1.89];
P
=0.38) and after propensity matching (odds ratio, 1.46 [95% CI, 0.85–2.49];
P
=0.17). In our propensity-matched cohorts, puncture-recanalization times (18 versus 52 minutes;
P
<0.01) favored first-line ASP; however, first-pass recanalization rates (43.5% versus 44.5%;
P
=0.90) were similar between groups. First-line ASP was associated with higher rates of crossover (22% versus 6%;
P
<0.01), whereas stentriever was associated with higher rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (9.8% versus 3.4%;
P
=0.04).

CONCLUSIONS:

First-line ASP and stentriever methods demonstrated similar functional outcome and recanalization rates. Stentriever methods were associated with higher rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, whereas ASPs were associated with higher rates of crossover to alternative technique in patients with acute basilar occlusions.