bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nowoczesne rozwiązania IT stosowane w translatoryce
Authors: Łyżwa Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

Cel. Celem badań była analiza nowoczesnych rozwiązań informacyjno-telekomunikacyjnych służących do tłumaczeń językowych, w tym ograniczeń tych technologii oraz ich użyteczności na rzecz zapobiegania wykluczeniu społecznemu.

Materiały i metody. Do przeprowadzenia analizy wykorzystano metodę badania dokumentów opierając się na literaturze przedmiotu oraz artykułach branżowych dostępnych w sieci Internet.

Wyniki. Dzięki rozwojowi komputerów, Internetu i sztucznej inteligencji stało się możliwe tłumaczenie maszynowe, w którym urządzenia samodzielnie konwertują teksty z języka wyjściowego na docelowy. Narzędzia te działają w oparciu o sieci neuronowe i bazy danych, składające się z miliardów słów i zwrotów. Większość z nich oprócz tłumaczenia tekstów umożliwia także tłumaczenie głosu oraz zamianę tekstu na mowę. Oprócz translatorów dostępnych online mamy także urządzenia elektroniczne, dedykowane do tłumaczeń komunikatów głosowych. Mimo swojej niewątpliwej użyteczności w przypadku treści niosących ze sobą przekaz emocjonalny (wierszy, bajek, pieśni), oddanie uczuć i emocji człowieka jest jednak dla nich niedostępne. Tłumaczenia nie są także wolne od błędów gramatycznych i stylistycznych. Wymagają w związku z tym sprawdzenia przez człowieka, choćby w postaci tzw. post edycji.

Wnioski. Mimo swoich ograniczeń translatory usprawniają nie tylko pracę tłumaczy ale także pomagają przeciętnemu użytkownikowi uzyskać szeroki dostęp do informacji i zrozumienia treści obcojęzycznych. Ich dalszy rozwój jest zatem zjawiskiem pożądanym.
A budai Várnegyed műemléki kutatása és helyreállítása 1945–1960
Authors: Ferkai András
Published: August 2022

Budapest 1944–1945-ös ostroma súlyos károkat okozott a budai Várnegyed épületállományában. Paradox módon éppen ez a pusztítás járult hozzá, hogy a negyed legtöbb épületében sikerült feltárni a középkor addig ismeretlen – gyakran jelentős – maradványait. A tanulmány fő célja bemutatni, hogy a műemlékes építészek milyen lehetőségeket láttak a sérült épületek helyreállítására, a korábbi állapot rekonstruálására, vagy az arra érdemes részletek bemutatására. Bemutatja e munka gyakran változó intézményes kereteit, legjobb szakembereit, és azokat az elveket, melyekben mindannyian egyetértettek az 1949-es törvényerejű rendelet alapján műemléki területként kezelt Várnegyedben. Ezeket rögzítette az első rendezési terv (1948–1949), melynek irányelvei (legfőbb érték a középkori-barokk polgárváros karaktere, léptéke és utcaképei) a legutóbbi időkig közmegegyezésnek örvendtek. A késő 19. század túlzott magasságú épületeinek felső szintjeit visszabontották, túl hangsúlyos architektúráját lecsendesítették. Az 1954-es részletes rendezési terv már a negyedben lakók igényeire is tekintettel volt, ám az üres telkek beépítését elég sematikusan szabályozta. 1948 és 1960 között számos műemlék helyreállítás elkészült, a foghíjak beépítése viszont csak 1957-től vette igazán kezdetét. Az a néhány példa, ami korábban megvalósult, semleges architektúrával igyekezett igazodni a műemléki környezethez. E gyakorlatnak a fiatal építészgeneráció vetett véget azzal a meggyőződéssel, hogy – ha minden kor a saját stílusában épített a vár területén – akkor a modern építészetnek is ezt kell tennie.
Itáliai és német építőmesterek tevékenysége a budai polgárvárosban a török kiűzése után
Authors: Gyetvainé Balogh Ágnes
Published: August 2022

1686. évi visszavívása után a romokból és az eleinte még falusias viszonyokból lassan, majd egyre gyorsuló ütemben született újjá Buda városa. Az Udvari Kamara idegenből jött, főleg német anyanyelvű, katolikus lakosokat kezdett betelepíteni, a mestereket kedvező feltételekkel csábítva Pest-Budára.

I. Lipót Venerio Ceresola császári építőmestert nevezte ki a budai erődítési munkálatok irányítására, aki már 1686 októberében belekezdett az újjáépítés megszervezésébe. Az ország különböző részeiből érkeztek építőmunkások, akik a kőfaragókkal társulva céhbe szerveződtek Ceresola vezetésével. A budai kőműves és kőfaragó céh 1690-ben jött létre, és működött a céhek 1872-es feloszlatásáig. E mesterek polgári kőművesmester megjelölése még más értelemmel bírt, ugyanis az építész szakmán belül ekkor a legmagasabb megszerezhető képesítés a kőművesmesterség volt, s ezt csak céhen belül és csak mestervizsgával lehetett elérni. A kőművesmester a tervezéstől a kivitelezésig jogosult volt az építés teljes folyamatának elvégzésére. Az építész vagy építőmester elnevezés csak címet jelentett, azaz hivatal- vagy rangjelző volt, mint pl. az uradalmi vagy kamarai építész címe.

Ceresola háztulajdonos is volt Budán, ő kezdte építeni a budai városházát, melyet később a 18. század folyamán a céh több tagja is bővített vagy átépített, köztük Hölbling János, Vogl Konrád, Nöpauer Mátyás. A céh tagjai közül kiemelkedik Hölbling János, aki Ceresolához hasonlóan császári építőmester is volt, az ő egyik munkája pl. a Zeughaus kivitelezése. Nöpauer Mátyás tervezte és építette az Erdődy-palotát, ill. az ő tulajdona volt a Hess András tér 3. sz. alatti Vörös Sün vendégfogadó is.

E céh tagjainak nevéhez az egyszerű barokk lakóépületektől kezdve templomok, kolostorok, középületek építése kötődik, nagyrészt ők építették újjá Buda városát, ami alatt nemcsak a felső város értendő, hanem a külvárosok is, ráadásul e céh mint főcéh tagjai jogosultak voltak az ország egész területén építkezni.
Distribution extension of Lasiurus arequipae Málaga, Díaz, Arias & Medina, 2020 (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) and contributions to its natural history
Authors: Portugal-Zegarra Gandhy , Calizaya-Mamani Giüseppy , Sánchez-Vendizú Pamela , Flores-Quispe Marisel , Ugarte-Núñez Joaquín
Published: August 2022

The recently described bat Lasiurus arequipae Málaga, Díaz, Arias & Medina, 2020 is endemic to Peru. Lasiurus are­quipae is currently known to occur at two localities in the department of Arequipa and one locality in the department of Tacna in southwestern Peru. Here, based on morphological and molecular data, we present a fourth locality that represents the southernmost record of this species and extends its known range 62 km south from the nearest locality in Tacna. Additionally, we provide information some aspects on the natural history and acoustic profile of L. arequipae.
Fa‘Āliyah Istirātījiyyah Fakkr, Takallam, Uktub Wa Romyu Kurratu Salji Li Tarqīyati Natījah Thullāb Fī Mādah Al-Insyā’ Bi Ma’hadi “Ar-Risālah”
Authors: Mahmudi Ihwan , Aimmah Syamsul , Saputro Muzaini Nugroho , Darajat Ahmad Muzakki
Published: August 2022

Materi insya’ di Pondok Modern Arrisalah merupakan pembelajaran untuk melatih kreatifitas siswa dalam menulis. Materi insya’ diajarakan di kelas tiga, empat, lima dan enam. Namun nilai insya’ kelas lima banyak yang tidak memenuhi KKM. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh cara mengajar guru dengan menggunakan metode dan strategi pembelajaran yang kurang tepat, sehingga siswa bosan, tidak meperhatikan atau bahkan tidur, dan kurang paham pada materi pelarajan. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut, maka strategi pembelajaran “think talk write” dan snowball throwing yang berlandaskan pada pendekatan komunikatif merupakan alternatif untuk meningkatkan nilai siswa kelas lima pada materi insya’ arabi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas strategi pembelajaran “think talk write” dan snowball throwing yang berlandaskan pada pendekatan komunikatif dan pembelajaran konvensional dalam meningkatkan nilai siswa kelas lima di materi insya’ arabi.
Tanfīdz Kitāb “Arabiyyah Baina Yadaik” li Tarqiyyati Nataāij Ta’allum Tullāb fī Ta’lim Muhādasah bi Ma’had Dārul Ukhuwwah Malang
Authors: Al-Anshori Abdul Muntaqim , Muna Arif Chasanul , Sutaman Sutaman
Published: August 2022

Pembelajaran muhadatsah merupakan salah satu unsur terpenting dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab, karena membantu siswa dalam menguasai salah satu kertampilan berbahasa Arab yaitu kertampilan berbicara. Dalam mempelajari muhadatsah tentunya membutuhkan buku ajar yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran. Salah satu kitab yang dipakai untuk memudahkan siswa dalam pembelajaran muhadatsah yaitu kitab Al-`Arabiyah Baina Yadaik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran muhadatsah dengan menggunakan kitab Al-`Arabiyah Baina Yadaik di Pondok Pesantren Daarul Ukhuwwah Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan metode korelasi antara deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penerapan buku Al-`Arabiyah Baina Yadaik dalam pembelajaran muhadatsah menunjukkan kesuksesan, dengan bukti persentasi ketuntasan kelas dalam pra siklus yaitu 31,25%, kemudian di siklus 1 naik menjadi 62,5%, kemudian di siklus 2 naik menjadi 81,25%. Dan pada siklus 2 persentasi ketuntasan kelas sesuai dengan indikator keberhasilan yang ditentukan peneliti yaitu 70%.
Dilalāh Lafdh “Hasiba” Wa Musytaqātih Fi Al-Qurān Al-Karīm
Authors: Rifa'i Ilyas , Bustomi Jenal , Yuiah Tita
Published: August 2022

Tidak diragukan lagi bahwa allah menurunkan Al-Qur’an yang mulia kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW. Dengan berbagai keistimewaan; baik dari segi bahasa maupun kandungan di dalamnya, karena hal itu termasuk salah satu kemukjizatan Al-Qur’an. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum penggunaan lafaz حسب dan derivasinya dalam Al-Qur'an, mengetahui makna leksikal dan kontekstual dari lafaz "حسب" dan derivasinya dalam Al-Qur'an, dan mengetahui nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terkandung dalam makna tersebut. penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis konten. Adapun hasil penelitian ini, antara lain (1) lafaz “حسب” dan derivasinya dalam Al- Qur’an terdiri dari bentuk morfologis dan sintaksis. 2) lafaz حسب dan derivasinya memiliki makna leksikal yaitu sangkaan, hitungan, ukuran, hutang, harta, cukuplah baginya, cukup. Makna kontekstual balasan (baik atau buruk) Sangkaan, perhitungan, banyak, persaksian, pertimbangan, menjaga dan tempat beredar (3) nilai-nilai pendidikan yang terkandung di dalam lafaz “hasiba” dan derivasinya berdasarkan pada tiga nilai, yaitu nilai i’tiqodiyah (keimanan), nilai amaliyah (pengalaman), dan nilai khuluqiyah (etika).
An Assessment of Women’s Participation in South Africa’s Foreign Policy Decision-Making and Execution
Authors: Nwafor Ipeleng Mamokete , Amusan Lere
Published: August 2022

This study aims to assess women's participation in decision-making and implementation of South African foreign policy. This research is motivated by the significant dominance of male gender participation and leadership in DIRCO related to female participation since 1994. This study uses Intersectionality theory and Kanter's Theory to support this research with qualitative methods. The findings of this study indicate that women's participation is less than 50% when they hold junior positions. It found that challenges limiting women's involvement in foreign policy decision-making include unfavorable cultural and traditional norms, religious practices, lack of support for women, attitudes of influential men, financial problems, and lack of representation in politics.
Media Online Sebagai Strategi Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Raharjo Hermanto
Published: August 2022

Arabic is one of the lessons taught in several educational institutions in Indonesia. Since the covid-19 pandemic has hit the whole world, according to the policy issued by the government, all activities are carried out at home, including in the learning process. This study aims to find out some strategies that can be applied in the learning process during the covid-19 pandemic. One of them is by utilizing online media. The research approach used in this research is qualitative approach. The type of research is Research Library Research. And this research uses descriptive qualitative analysis. And this research uses descriptive qualitative analysis. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there are several online media that can be used during the covid-19 pandemic. Among them are through whatsup application, google met, e-learning, and zoom.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif (STAD) Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Pada Pelajaran Qirāah dan Kitābah
Authors: Kodir Abdul , Syafiq Royhan Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Proses pembelajaran tentu akan berkembang mengikuti zaman, maka dari itu muncul lah model pembelajaran kooperatif. Tujuan model pembelajaran kooperatif ini adalah agar siswa selalu aktif dalam setiap proses pembelajaran, serta agar guru terus mencoba jenis pembelajaran yang cocok bagi siswa. Di kelas 11 IPA  MA Persis Ciganitri, para siswanya terlihat kurang bersemangat dalam mengerjakan tugas yang diberikan. Terlihat hanya 44%-48% saja siswa yang aktif dalam mengerjakan tugas pada pemberlajaran Qirāah dan Kitābah. Dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif berjenis STAD diharapkan dapat meningkatkan semangat mereka. Dan setelah menerapkan model tersebut hasilnya pun meningkat menjadi 88%. Meskipun pada pelaksanaannya masih terdapat siswa yang mengandalkan siswa yang cerdas
Tahlīl Al-Akhthā Al-Lughawiyyah fī Al-Muhādatsah Al-Yaumiyyah bi Ma’had Tahfīdz Al-Qurān Dār Al-‘Ulūm Lido
Authors: Khumairotuzzahra Siti , Mulyadi Ishaq Anugrah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis kesalahan kebahasaan dalam percakapan sehari-hari di Lembaga Penghafal Al-Qur’an Dar Al Ulum Lido, penyebabnya, sumber dan evaluasinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, dan input penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan. Dalam penelitian ini ada empat metode pengumpulan data, antara lain: observasi, wawancara, angket, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari menganalisis kesalahan kebahasaan dalam percakapan sehari-hari di Lembaga Penghafal Al-Qur'an Dar Al Ulum Lido, sebagai berikut: Sebagian besar siswa memiliki kesalahan umum dalam penggunaan kata-kata Arab, dialog saat kenalan, percakapan sehari-hari, ceramah. , dan memberikan instruksi. Adapun penyebab kesalahan kebahasaan dan sumbernya dipengaruhi oleh bahasa yang pertama kali dikuasainya, atau sebagian besar siswa menerjemahkan bahasa Arab sesuai kaidah bahasa Indonesia, rendahnya kesadaran siswa terhadap kesalahan kebahasaan, rendahnya pemahaman siswa terhadap penggunaan bahasa Arab, dan pengajaran guru bahasa Arab buruk. <w:LsdException Locked="f
EFFECT OF PIEZOELECTRICITY ON THE REACTIVITY OF NANOALUMINUM P(VDF-TrFE) ENERGETIC COMPOSITES
Authors: Drewniak David L. , Li Edward , Zhou Yao , Boerchers John B. , Boyer J. Eric , Wang Qing , Yetter Richard A.
Published: August 2022

In this study, the effect of piezoelectricity on the sensitivity to ignition by laser radiation of 10% wt nanoaluminum/poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [nAl/P(VDF-TrFE)] composite films was investigated. Nanoaluminum particles were dispersed in P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer solution and cast into ~ 45 μm thick films. Ignition samples across which an electric field of 25 kV/mm could be applied were created by sputter coating gold electrodes on opposing sides of the film. Electrodes were coated on one side with a layer of carbon paint to absorb laser radiation. Samples were tested under four conditions: unmodified, unpoled with an applied electric field, poled without an electric field, and poled with an electric field. Results from this study indicate that both the application of an electric field and the activation of the piezoelectric properties of PVDF sensitize the composite as measured by a decrease in a mean time to ignition, with piezoelectricity activation sensitizing the composite to a greater degree than only an applied electric field.
MULTIPHASE TRANSPORT OF FOAM FLUID IN POROUS STRUCTURES FOR ENHANCING OIL RECOVERY
Authors: Ji Youjun , Wei Debao , Xu Huijin , Wang Zegen , Jiang Guobin , Wang Lilong
Published: August 2022

Foams in pores affect the sweep range and oil displacement efficiency for low-permeability reservoir. In this paper, regular porous media with different coordination numbers are constructed to study how the parameters of microscopic pore structure affect foam flooding, and to identify the relationship between foam flooding efficiency and pore size. A two-dimensional microscopic pore structure model is established by computed tomography (CT) and the Imagej software. The sweep range and oil displacement efficiency of foam flooding are compared with that of water flooding. The results show that porous media with low coordination numbers can lead to higher foam flooding efficiency. When the pore size of porous media with a coordination number of 3 is 1 μm, the oil displacement effect is the best. Compared with water, foam can significantly improve oil displacement efficiency. Foam can block the dominant channel and drive out the residual oil in the narrow pore throat with higher efficiency. When the gas-liquid ratio of the foam is 3:1, the residual oil saturation is the lowest, and the flooding effect is the best. The higher contact angle of the wetting wall can produce better efficiency of foam flooding. When the wetting angle is 45°, the oil displacement effect is the best. When the injection rate is 0.5 m/s, the oil displacement effect is the best, but when the injection rate reaches 5 m/s, the residual oil saturation is the smallest. When the coordination number is 4, the oil displacement effect is the best.
Distributed acoustic sensing in soil for infrastructure monitoring
Authors: Quinn M. C. L. , Baxter C. D. P. , Potty G. R.
Published: August 2022

Fibre-optic distributed acoustic Sensing (DAS) provide information on vibration response comparable with geophones and seismometers and may become widely used for infrastructure monitoring. DAS can be used to monitor earthquake activity, carbon dioxide sequestration, pipelines and roadway/railway subgrade integrity. Little is known about the effect of soil type and burial method on DAS response. The objective of this paper is to present the results of a field study in which DAS was installed in different soil types (silty sand, clean sand, gravel and a flowable fill) adjacent to an existing, decade-old DAS array. Impact tests were performed to evaluate DAS response in the different soil types and a portion of DAS array installed a decade prior. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was used to compare performance of DAS response. Results of the monitoring programme indicate that portions of the array in sand, gravel and silty sand had a good response with comparable SNR. A newer portion of the array showed ∼5 dB better than the decade-old portion of DAS array, both in silty sand, with the old portion still performing well. These results may help build confidence with the geotechnical community regarding the longevity performance of DAS for infrastructure vibration monitoring.
Intrinsic permeabilities of transparent soil under various aqueous environmental conditions
Authors: Yan G. , Shi H. , Ma Y. , Scheuermann A. , Li L.
Published: August 2022

This study investigates the intrinsic permeability of two water-based transparent soil surrogates (Aquabeads and hydrogel beads) in various aqueous environments. To maximise the efficiency of seepage tests for different solutes (salt and a surfactant) at different concentrations, a rapid approach was established to estimate the intrinsic permeabilities of these water-based granular polymers. Due to the geometric similarity of the pore structures formed by the packing of granular polymer beads of different sizes, the Kozeny–Carman permeability estimation can be directly applied to study the permeability (K), which primarily varies with the effective diameter (de). A systematic sieving analysis of these polymers was conducted to determine the values of both deand K. The experimental results showed that both parameters monotonically decrease with increasing solute concentration. The critical shrinkage concentrations for salt and the surfactant were identified as 5–7 ppt and 0·02% (mass/volume), respectively. This study represents the first contribution to providing a sound understanding of the intrinsic permeabilities of these surrogate soils when saturated with various solutions. This study contributes to the physical modelling in geotechnics when using those materials.
Surface-modified Ti-MOF/TiO2 membrane and its gas-sensing characteristics
Authors: Nizamidin Patima , Guo Caiping , Yang Qin , Chen Huifang
Published: August 2022

A titanium metal–organic framework/titanium dioxide (Ti-MOF/TiO2) composed membrane was fabricated by light inductive growth of Ti-MOF ([Ti2-(TpA)2-NDI] n ; TpA = terephthalic acid, NDI = 1,8,4,5-naphthalene-tetracarboxdiimide) on a titanium dioxide film composite optical waveguide (COWG) substrate. The Ti-MOF/TiO2 membrane conforms to a mesoporous structure with a 24 nm pore size and a 108 nm thickness through continuous growth for 40 min under 340 nm ultraviolet light illumination. Under ambient conditions, in terms of COWG sensors, Ti-MOF/TiO2 exhibited the greatest response to ethylenediamine (EDA), followed by nitrogen dioxide (NO2), methylamine and trimethylamine, when exposed to 15 types of benzenes, amines and acidic gases. To improve response selectivity, the Ti-MOF/TiO2 film was modified with 1,3,3-trimethylindolinonaphthospirooxazine (SP), forming an SP@Ti-MOF/TiO2 COWG. This modified COWG showed improved selectivity response by showing robust response to EDA and a negligible response to others. When an EDA gas molecule was adsorbed on the surface of the membrane, charge transfer between them preferentially occurred, leading to a change in the optical parameter. The surface-modified SP@Ti-MOF/TiO2 COWG showed a fast (3 s) and reversible response with a wide detection range (0.1–1000 parts per billion) to EDA gas without the interference of benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene and chlorobenzene; acidic gases; and other amines.
Geração ‘Nem Nem’ na Região Metropolitana de Salvador
Authors: Queiroz Silvana Nunes de , Pereira Antonia Jaine da Silva
Published: August 2022

Este estudo tem como principal objetivo traçar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico da geração de jovens ‘nem nem’ residente na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS) e estimar a probabilidade de estarem em tal condição. Por ser um tema recente, a maioria dos estudos foram para o Brasil, com poucos para as metrópoles brasileiras, em especial a RMS, marcada por elevada concentração populacional, desemprego e subemprego, notadamente entre os jovens. A principal fonte de informações são os microdados da PNAD de 2015, cujos dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e por meio da aplicação do modelo Probit. Os principais resultados indicam que os nem nem representam cerca de 22% do contingente de jovens de 15 a 29 anos na RMS, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino, com predominância da raça/cor parda e preta, tendo aproximadamente 50% o ensino médio completo ou superior incompleto, reside com a mãe e têm baixo rendimento familiar. Ademais, as estimativas obtidas através do modelo probit indicam o rendimento per capita abaixo de meio salário mínimo como a variável de maior impacto sobre a probabilidade de ser nem nem, seguido da influência positiva em ser do sexo feminino. Por outro lado, o modelo reafirmou a importância da escolaridade na redução da probabilidade de ser um jovem pertencente a geração nem nem.
O cotidiano das mobilidades transnacionais: práticas relacionais vividas pela diáspora haitiana na cidade de Lajeado/RS
Authors: Cazarotto Rosmari Terezinha , Wiebusch Sindelar Fernanda Cristina , Volkmer Márcia Solange
Published: August 2022

Desde o início do século XXI, observa-se a intensificação dos fluxos migratórios globais, os quais configuram-se como um recurso estratégico de governos, empresas ou redes de parentesco, por contribuir tanto para o fornecimento de mão de obra como de remessa de moeda estrangeira. Neste contexto, o Brasil tem sido destino de migrantes, especialmente de haitianos e venezuelanos. Assim, este trabalho busca compreender os espaços de inserção dos imigrantes haitianos na cidade média de Lajeado/RS, e algumas práticas sociais que dinamizam as mobilidades transnacionais no cotidiano destes. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, sob o enfoque fenomenológico, através de observação participante, diários de campo, e entrevistas formais e informais. Os resultados evidenciam que, na cidade de Lajeado, os espaços de inserção e práticas sociais transnacionais dos imigrantes haitianos estão associados aos ambientes laborais, à mobilidade e circulação, ao exercício empreendedor, às remessas de dinheiro da diáspora e à constituição de igrejas haitianas.
Por Que Dizem “Adiós”: Uma Compreensão Crítica Da Economia Política Da Migração Contemporânea De Venezuelanos
Authors: Ökten Nilay , Güder Süleyman
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é criar um padrão olhando para o contexto histórico do movimento migratório na Venezuela e revelar que a diáspora venezuelana é um movimento social que ocorre com fatores push, com base na teoria push and pull. Nesse contexto, concentrou-se no contexto econômico e político do movimento migratório venezuelano e, analisando a história da economia política, determinou-se que o movimento migratório ocorreu em três ondas diferentes. Ao analisar os fatores de impulso, acompanhou-se o desenvolvimento do fenômeno migratório na Venezuela e traçou-se um quadro com os contextos sociológicos dos países-alvo. O principal argumento do artigo é a afirmação de que o atual movimento migratório venezuelano ocorreu com fatores de impulso, considerando as condições econômicas e políticas, enquanto as duas primeiras ondas migratórias foram dependentes dos fatores de atração.
A identidade secular do território francês e as identidades dos migrantes muçulmanos na França: o fenômeno da islamophobia
Authors: Mendelski Bruno
Published: August 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a islamofobia na França. Partindo do entendimento de islamofobia como "atitudes negativas indiscriminadas ou emoções dirigidas ao Islã ou aos muçulmanos" (BLEICH, 2012), examinou-se o fenômeno através de três elementos: (i) as leis francesas que (indiretamente) restringiram o uso do véu islâmico; (ii) o apoio da opinião pública francesa às referidas legislações; (iii) dados empíricos sobre os atos islamofóbicos. Metodologicamente, empregou-se o estudo do caso francês, e os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: (i) Revisão bibliográfica da literatura especializada (incluindo surveys e pesquisas de opinião franceses); (ii) Pesquisa documental nas fontes primárias das leis e em documentos oficiais; (iii) Pesquisa de campo na França, que resultou na obtenção de informações e dados empíricos sobre o fenômeno, obtidas junto aos dois principais bancos de dados sobre a islamofobia na França (CCIF e CNCDH). O problema de pesquisa pode ser resumido na questão: “Como se constrói e como evolui a islamofobia na França?” Como principais resultados, constatou-se que a islamofobia na França se desenvolve- a partir de dois eixos interligados: a associação do Islã com a violência terrorista; e a conexão da religião com a opressão feminina, simbolizada pelo uso do véu. A descoberta de correlação entre atos terroristas de grande porte e o aumento da islamofobia, é uma evidência do primeiro eixo. Já a constatação de que as mulheres islâmicas portando o véu representam a grande maioria das vítimas da islamofobia, constitui-se como uma evidência do segundo eixo.
The PERCEPTION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF CAD / CAM TECHNOLOGY IN CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY IN A PLASTIC SURGERY POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
Authors: Navarro León Diana Carolina , Meléndez Flórez Genny Lilina , López Gualdrón Clara Isabel
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Multiple technologies help the development of reconstructive surgical procedures in craniofacial surgery, Surgeon's perception of this type of diagnostic and treatment aids has not been widely studied. Methods and Materials: A workflow is proposed for the management of craniofacial bone defects, then the results are showed to the staff in charge for the treatment of these patients. A survey was subsequently applied, evaluating the degree of satisfaction and perception the perception of the staff regarding applicability, usefulness, impact on different process factors of treatment. Descriptive analysis was performed. Results:  30 people were interviewed: specialists, residents of surgical specialties, general practitioners, medical students. The majority did not have experience with CAD / CAM technology (77%), but considered useful (67%), the considered disadvantages were: technical difficulty, administrative procedures to access, costs, lack of information, need for specific training. The benefits were: Improvement in diagnosis and treatment accuracy, specificity, help in planning, innovation, and versatility. Discussion: Tools such as 3D printing, CAD / CAM technology, facilitate the process of anatomical understanding, planning of the surgical procedure and execution of surgery, implementing the Survey in our service we could show that the perception of the majority of the participants agrees with these data, where the impact and utility of the application of this technology in the treatment of patients is evident, both for graduate surgeons and those in training. Conclusions: The application of technologies in the practice of medicine is useful, facilitates the technical execution of the procedure precision, reduces surgical time and costs. Information and studies that evaluate the surgeon's perception regarding the applicability of CAD / CAM technology in the treatment of craniofacial bone defects are not enough, which represents a novelty of our study.
SPARC - Attune NxT Set-up for Milli-metabolic bead assay Acquisition v1
Authors: Paul Robinson J
Published: August 2022

This protocol is to demonstrate how to run a standard plate-based assay on the flow cytometer to produced appropiate concentations of the various analytes to be measured.
How the Everyday Logic of Pragmatic Individualism Undermines Russian State Pronatalism
Authors: Shpakovskaya Larisa , Chernova Zhanna
Published: August 2022

The article examines the reproductive decisions of Russian urban middle‐class women. We look at women’s lives in the context of Russian pronatalist family policy and the official conservative gender ideology of 2019–2020. Based on biographical interviews with 35 young women, we focus on working mothers. The sample is composed of middle‐class mothers since their lifestyle serves as a cultural model for the whole Russian society. We reconstruct the everyday rationalities deployed by the mothers to justify their reproductive decisions. The respondents seek “self‐realization,” postponing childbirth or limiting their reproduction. We reconstruct the discourse of “pragmatic individualism” as an everyday logic used by mothers, which helps them cope with the instability of the labor market and marriage and the lack of state social support. Using the logic of “pragmatic individualism,” women present themselves as respectable, socially competent individuals able to build their lives according to middle‐class living standards. The logic of pragmatic individualism contradicts the message of pronatalist state ideology based on “traditional” gender roles and high fertility. It gives women a rational explanation for why, despite socially supported childbearing, they decide to have only one or two children. We argue that while women rationalize childbearing decisions for financial security and social well‐being, their rationale is determined by class standards of respectability. These standards are associated with high standards of care and quality of life for a small number of children.
Digital Services Taxation in the Context of International Tax Agreements
Authors: Ponomareva K. A.
Published: August 2022

The paper discusses the concepts of digital services taxation proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations. The paper analyzes similarities and differences between the concepts under consideration. It is noted that the purpose of the measures proposed by the OECD and the UN to solve tax problems of the digital economy is to determine the taxable connection (revision of the concept of permanent representation and assessment of whether data collection and monetization lead to value creation for transfer price setting). According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the main problem in finding the optimal solution for the taxation of income from digital services is the inconsistency of the actions of the international community. The OECD’s two-component approach focuses on new rules for profit sharing. The UN approach is aimed at simplifying administration, which makes it possible to implement it more widely, especially in developing countries. In addition, the paper proposes the prospects for the development of tax regulation in Russia in the context of new international regulation.
Service Contracts in the Field of the Use of «Artificial Intelligence» and «Artificial Intelligence» Technologies: Problems of Theory and Practice
Authors: Poduzova E. B.
Published: August 2022

Relations in the field of creation and use of «artificial intelligence» and «artificial intelligence» technologies are diverse. In the field under study, in particular, contracts are applied to provide paid services. The paper defines the types of relations for the provision of services in the field of the use of «artificial intelligence» and «artificial intelligence» technologies and determines their essential features. The author analyzes cases from business practice – certain types of contracts in the field under study. The study provides a critical assessment of their content and identifies inaccuracies and proposes ways to adjust the content of such contracts. The author investigates the problems related to granting an exclusive right to «artificial intelligence» (or «artificial intelligence» technology) providing paid services and problems related to electronic data exchange and ensuring confidentiality of information. The paper defines a legal nature of the agreement on the provision of remote access to software using SaaS technology, identifies the features of its content, and gives practical recommendations for drafting contracts of this type.
Legal Regulation of Cloud Gaming
Authors: Churilov A. Yu.
Published: August 2022

The paper considers the problems of using cloud gaming technology. The author defines cloud gaming and explores three main models according to which remote access to games can be provided: software as a service, a platform as a service, and an infrastructure as a service. The author examines two blocks of issues that arise when using cloud services for games. In particular, taking several cloud gaming services as a case study, the author examines the following issues from the field of intellectual property: communicating to the public and reproducing computer games and contract law regulation of relations between a cloud services’ operator, a player and a rightholder. The paper highlights the legal nature of a relationship between the cloud services’ operator and the player and elements of the corresponding contract. It is concluded that the current legal regulation allows the parties involved to resolve most issues in this area.
The Bulk Photovoltaic and Space-Charge Effects in Epitaxial BaTiO₃ Thin Films
Authors:   , Bennett-Jackson Andrew L. , Spanier Jonathan E
Published: August 2022

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPE) is a nonlinear light-matter interaction in which light is converted into electrical current. Unlike the junction based PV mechanism, which relies on an interface to induce band bending between two differently doped regions or materials, or the Dember effect involves uses non-uniform incident light intensity to generate asymmetrical populations of holes and electrons, the BPE occurs in materials which lack inversion symmetry or break time-reversal symmetry. The process in which light is converted into an electrical current by the BPE involves aspects of crystal structure, electronic structure, and carrier transport. The BPE is influenced by material synthesis not unlike the materials science and engineering paradigm of structure, properties, performance, and processing. This broad perspective is important to consider, as modern research in the BPE, e.g., light detection under a broad range of wavelengths, exploring the mechanisms of the BPE, and improving the power conversion efficiency, reveals other influences that can alter the observed response. To distinguish and elucidate the contribution from the BPE, BaTiO₃ epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition were used a model system. The main goals of this thesis are (1) investigate the roles of biaxial strain and crystallographic orientation on the BPE response and (2) to probe the influence of electrode materials and their resistivity on BPE photocurrent in epitaxial thin films. These results deepen practical understanding of the BPE, which may help to improve the BPE response in future ferroelectric photovoltaic thin films.
Limits of limitation of the principle of freedom of contract
Authors: Астахова Н.Ю.
Published: August 2022

В статье анализируется проблема нарушения принципа свободы договора. Целью настоящей статьи является выявление особенностей содержания категории "свобода договора" в соответствии с российским и зарубежным правом, а также источниками альтернативного правового регулирования. В работе рассматриваются элементы свободы договора и характеризуются основания ее ограничения.

The article analyzes the problem of violation of the principle of freedom of contract. The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the content of the category "freedom of contract" in accordance with Russian and foreign law, as well as sources of alternative legal regulation. The paper examines the elements of freedom of contract and characterizes the grounds for its restriction.
ersonnel policy in the system of state civil service
Authors: Чиркова Л.А. , Андрианова Л.В.
Published: August 2022

данная статья посвящена изучению кадровой политики в системе государственной гражданской службы Российской Федерации. Дается характеристика кадровой политики, анализируются ее актуальность, определяются основные черты, признаки и значение. Производится оценка современного состояния кадровой политики и кадровой работы в системе государственной гражданской службы Российской Федерации, особое внимание уделяется проблемам ее совершенствования, оцениваются инновационные мероприятия, направленные на совершенствование кадровой политики. Предлагаются пути решения правовых неопределенностей и изъянов кадровой политики в системе государственной гражданской службы.

This article is devoted to the study of personnel policy in the system of the state civil service of the Russian Federation. The characteristic of the personnel policy is given, its relevance is analyzed, the main features, signs and significance are determined. An assessment is made of the current state of personnel policy and personnel work in the system of the state civil service of the Russian Federation, special attention is paid to the problems of its improvement, innovative measures aimed at improving personnel policy are evaluated. Ways of solving legal uncertainties and shortcomings of personnel policy in the system of the state civil service are proposed.
The problem of legality in the application of administrative preventive measures
Authors: Соколова М.Д. , Сахно А.В.
Published: August 2022

В статье анализируются проблемы законности при применении мер административного пресечения, рассматривается сущность законности, порядок применения мер административного пресечения, а также требования к их применению. Анализируется судебная практика, примеры из неё, включая статистику.

The article analyzes the problems of legality in the application of administrative preventive measures, examines the essence of legality, the procedure for the application of administrative preventive measures, as well as the requirements for their application. The article analyzes judicial practice, examples from it, including statistics.
Abuse of property rights
Authors: Жендарова Л.А.
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с пределами права. Предметом исследования является злоупотребление правом собственности. Автором проанализированы понятия собственности, злоупотребления правом, пределов права, выявлены признаки злоупотребления правом, на примерах показаны проблемы, связанные с пределами права собственности, выявлены отличительные черты «шиканы», рассмотрены аспекты злоупотребления правом собственности на животных, на земельный участок, а также органов муниципального управления и юридических лиц, представлены мнения ученых – цивилистов и роль института злоупотребления правом собственности в обществе.

The article discusses the problems related to the limits of law. The subject of the study is the abuse of property rights. The author analyzes the concepts of ownership, abuse of law, the limits of law, reveals signs of abuse of law, shows the problems associated with the limits of ownership, identifies the distinctive features of the "chicane", considers aspects of abuse of ownership of animals, land, as well as municipal government and legal entities, presents the opinions of civil scientists and the role of the institution of abuse of property rights in society.
Modern Russian legislation in the field of copyright protection
Authors: Киреенко В.А.
Published: August 2022

В данной статье определяется роль Российского современного государства в области охраны и защиты авторских прав на музыкальные произведения: дается характеристика основным законодательным источникам по авторскому праву – их достоинства и недостатки. Помимо краткого исторического экскурса, автор статьи выделяет важнейший аспект, связанный с развитием отечественного законодательства в области охраны прав автора. Таковым является интеграция в международную систему отечественного законодательства, связанного непосредственно с охраной и защитой прав автора. Также определяются проблемные аспекты в области охраны и защиты прав автора, в том числе на произведения музыки, в отечественном законодательстве и предлагаются пути решения.

This article defines the role of the Russian modern state in the field of protection and protection of copyright for musical works: a description is given of the main legislative sources on copyright - their advantages and disadvantages. In addition to a brief historical excursion, the author of the article highlights the most important aspect related to the development of domestic legislation in the field of the protection of the author's rights. Such is the integration into the international system of domestic legislation, directly related to the protection and protection of the rights of the author. It also identifies problematic aspects in the field of protection and protection of the author's rights, including works of music, in domestic legislation and suggests solutions.
Administrative delinquency as an institution of administrative law
Authors: Хохлова О.А.
Published: August 2022

В данной статье рассматривается сущность административной деликтоспособности, которая является правовой категорией довольно сложной по содержанию, несмотря на то, что она является самостоятельным свойством, входящим в состав правосубъектности. Кроме того, теоретики права неоднозначно подходят к выявлению её правовых признаков, поэтому в данной статье предпринята попытка обозначить и проанализировать различные подходы к признакам деликтоспособности с целью дать полное и точное выявление её правовых элементов. Деликтоспособность имеет свои признаки, в соответствии с которыми определяется, во-первых, её наличие и, во-вторых, её объём.

This article examines the essence of administrative delictworthiness, which is a complex legal category in terms of content, despite the fact that it is an independent property that is part of legal personality, legal theorists ambiguously approach the identification of its legal features, therefore, this article attempts to identify and analyze various approaches to the signs of delictworthiness in order to give full and accurate identification of its legal elements. Delinquency has its own characteristics, according to which, firstly, its presence is determined and, secondly, its volume.
Global information dehumanization of personality: the problem of modern society
Authors: Семина Т.В. , Го В.
Published: August 2022

Одной из особенностей современного общества является компьютеризация и информатизация всех сфер человеческой жизни: Информационная компьютеризация, которая в XXI веке, оказывает неоспоримое влияние на множество аспектов нашей жизни: информационный, коммуникационный, психологический, экономический и так далее, этот ряд можно продолжать очень долго. Аспект дегуманизации человека играет здесь ключевую роль, так как нарастающий объем цифровой информации влечет за собой риски потерять те “человеческие качества”, которые мы несли в себе на протяжении всей истории человечества. В данной статье рассматриваются основные проблемы и факторы, с которыми сталкивается человечество в результате стремительно развивающейся информатизации и анализируется степень их влияния социальное взаимодействие индивидов общества во всем мире.

One of the features of modern society is computerization and informatization of all spheres of human life: Information computerization, which in the XXI century, has an undeniable impact on many aspects of our life: information, communication, psychological, economic and so on, this series can be continued for a very long time. The aspect of human dehumanization plays a key role here, since the growing volume of digital information entails risks of losing those “human qualities” that we have carried in ourselves throughout the history of mankind. This article examines the main problems and factors that humanity faces as a result of rapidly developing informatization and analyzes the degree of their influence on the social interaction of individuals of society around the world.
Legal risks and their place in the risk management system in an insurance company
Authors: Лабушева Я.Г.
Published: August 2022

В своей деятельности страховые компании постоянно сталкиваются с разнообразными рисками. В статье рассматриваются различные риски, которые сопровождают деятельность субъектов страхового дела. Определяется понятие «правовой риск» применительно к страховым компаниям. Кроме этого, формулируются основные этапы управления правовым риском. Правовые риски всегда существовали в финансовых организациях и сегодня приобретают все большую актуальность. Автором были представлены различные подходы к определению понятия «правовой риск». В ходе исследования были сформулированы ключевые этапы управления правовыми рисками в страховой организации, а также определено место правовых рисков в общей системе риск-менеджмента страховщика. Особое место уделено задачам юридического отдела в рамках процедуры управления рисками.

In their activities, insurance companies are constantly faced with a variety of risks. The article discusses various risks that accompany the activities of insurance business entities. The concept of «legal risk» is defined in relation to insurance companies. In addition, the main stages of legal risk management are formulated. Legal risks have always existed in financial organizations and are becoming increasingly relevant today. The author presented various approaches to the definition of the concept of «legal risk». During the study, the key stages of legal risk management in an insurance company were formulated, and the place of legal risks in the insurer's general risk management system was determined. A special place is given to the tasks of the legal department within the framework of the risk management procedure.