bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiation Safety in Nuclear Medicine: Report I. Topical Problems
Authors: Narkevich Boris
Published: May 2021

The current state and prospects of ensuring radiation safety in the nuclear medicine divisions of Russia are analyzed. The literature data and the main results of our own research to ensure the radiation safety of patients, staff, caregivers and the environment in the departments of radionuclide diagnostics and radionuclide therapy are presented. The most important and requiring solutions to ensure radiation safety in nuclear medicine are considered.
Muscle Mass Index at the Level Th12 vertebra as a Prognostic Factor for Fatal Outcome in the Patients with Pneumonia Caused by SARS-COV2
Authors: Bashkov A. , Sushko A , Grigor'eva O. , Sheyh Zh. , Udalov Yu. , Shikunov D.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To develop a methodology for determining the muscle mass index (MMI) at the level of Th12 based on the computed tomography of the chest; to estimate the impact of MMI on the outcome of the COVID19 patients as a prognostic factor.

Material and methods: The medical data and computed tomography of the chest of 247 patients with confirmed pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov2 were used. A technique has been developed for determining MMI based on the cross-sectional area of paraspinal muscles at the level of the Th12 vertebra and the length of the thoracic spine. A correlation analysis of MMI calculated based on the length of the thoracic spine MMI(L) and height MMI(H) was performed. A statistical analysis of the differences of the MMI(L) in the groups of male and female patients with fatal outcome and recovered, as well as younger and older than 65 years were performed.

Results: A strong correlation was found between the MMI calculated on the basis of the length of the thoracic spine and height

(r = 0.861, p <0.001). The age threshold, which was associated with an increase in the likelihood of death, in men was 60 years (Se 77.3 %, Sp 60.5 %, PPV 51.5 %, NPV 83.1 %, Youden's index 0.378, area under ROC- curve 0.728), in women 65 years old (Se 72.2 %, Sp 68.6 %, PPV 49.1 %, NPV 85.5 %, Youden's index 0.408, the area under the ROC curve 0.734). The odds ratio of death when the age thresholds are exceeded was 5.2 for men (95 % CI: 2.3 – 12.0), for women – 5.7 (95 % CI: 2.4 – 13.4). MMI(L) 3.37cm2/m2 is a threshold value, below which the probability of death in male patients under 60 years increased 26.3 times (95 % CI: 4.8 – 143.0). In female patients, there was no statistically significant threshold value of MMI(L), which would be associated with a higher risk of death.

Conclusion: MMI, calculated at the level Th12 on the basis of the length of the thoracic spine, can be reliably used as a tool to estimate sarcopenia associated muscle atrophy, if there is no anthropometric data. The MMI(D) less than 3.37 cm2/m2 is a strong predictor of death in men under 60 years of age. Further work is needed to study the effect of sarcopenia on the severity and outcome of COVID19 in female patients, taking into account comorbid conditions.
Prospects for Using Radionuclide Research Methods for Diagnosing and Evaluating Effectiveness of Treating Consequences of Coronavirus Diseasr (COVID-19
Authors: Kudryavtsev A , Kondakov A , Korvyakov S , Sozykin A. , Nikitin P. , Yudin A , Znamenskiy I.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: to determine the role of nuclear medicine methods in the diagnosis and quality control of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with complications after coronavirus diseasr (COVID-19)

The article provides a brief analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 and highlights the role of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients suffering from the consequences of coronavirus diseasr after the end of the pandemic. The most common clinical manifestation of coronavirus diseasr is bilateral interstitial pneumonia, one of the complications of which is the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, its pathogenesis is highlighted. It is also noted that the leading link in the development of the disease is a systemic lesion of the endothelial vascular wall, which is the cause of thrombosis and its complications, primarily pulmonary embolism, ischemic brain infarctions and cardiovascular catastrophes.

Specific methods of radionuclide diagnostics are described for individual organs and systems: respiratory, cardiovascular, brain, and others. The need to diagnose and control the quality of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with post-inflammatory changes in the parenchyma of internal organs and a decrease in their functional ability due to sclerotic changes, patients with changes in the state due to the transition of inflammation to the chronic stage, as well as with an overactive immune response to inflammatory changes.

Conclusion: at the stage of diagnosis and treatment of the consequences of a previous coronavirus diseasr and subsequent rehabilitation, molecular imaging methods are essential in a complex of studies.
The digital divide: a student's perspective
Authors: Quinn Charlotte
Published: May 2021

Registered coronary care nurse and part-time postgraduate student Charlotte Quinn reflects on how her use of technology has changed during COVID-19 and what this means for people with less digital access.
Making the NHS safer: learning from case reports and investigations
Authors: Tingle John
Published: May 2021

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses the benefit of patient safety learning from clinical negligence claims, complaints reports and CQC investigations
An innovative cancer care partnership for patients in the community
Authors: Bingham Natalie , Etherington Sarah
Published: May 2021

Natalie Bingham, Lead Oncology Nurse, LloydsPharmacy Clinical Homecare ( nbingham@lpclinicalhomecare.co.uk ) and Sarah Etherington, Oncology Matron, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford; members of the team that was runner-up in the Innovation Award category of the BJN Awards 2021
The importance of understanding burnout: an oncology nurse perspective
Authors: Nwanya Melanie , Rowberry Deborah
Published: May 2021

The challenges presented by the global COVID-19 pandemic have intensified the stressors placed on nurses, leading to burnout. Oncology nurse burnout is likely to be an increasingly significant issue for cancer services as the true cost of the pandemic is revealed. Delays in diagnosis and treatment of cancers are reported widely, inevitably leading to poor prognosis and more aggressive treatments for patients. Gaining a better understanding of oncology nurse burnout, its prevalence and causes as well as strategies to reduce or prevent it will help to improve patient care and support staff wellbeing during and after the pandemic. Methodology: A search of the literature related to oncology nurse burnout, covering North America and Europe over 5 years (August 2014-January 2020), resulted in 31 articles for review. None of the studies were carried out in the UK, suggesting a need for robust investigations into oncology nurse burnout in the British health service. Summary: The prevalence of burnout among oncology nurses before the COVID-19 outbreak appeared to be high and is likely to have increased as a result of the pandemic. However, the studies investigating oncology nurse burnout are small and cross-sectional, with low-quality methods. The literature suggests the major causes of burnout arise in the workplace, particularly aspects of the environment that prevent nurses from working according to their values. Although burnout is frequently attributed to workplace factors, interventions remain focused on individuals' coping mechanisms and rarely on the workplace factors that are known to cause it.
Palliative care model in Thailand
Authors: Chaiviboontham Suchira , Pokpalagon Piyawan
Published: May 2021

Background:

Thailand has few hospices and a limited range of palliative care services.

Aims:

To explore palliative care models in Thailand.

Methods:

A convergent mixed-methods study design using purposive sampling to select three levels of healthcare services and one religious organisation.

Findings:

The quantitative data revealed that the structures of palliative care accessibility, referral systems, and continuity of care were in place at all levels of healthcare services. The qualitative data revealed the themes of the structure of palliative care, processes and outcomes.

Conclusion:

The variety of palliative care structures identified in Thailand are suitable for the context in which palliative care is provided. The problems that need solving are referral systems, patient access to opioids, inequitites in care distribution and medicine dispensing and palliative care outcome evaluation.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculous pericarditis: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Guocan , Zhong Fangming , Shen Yanqin , Zheng Hong
Published: May 2021

Background

Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) can lead to serious consequences. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for TBP, but early diagnosis is still very challenging. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP using meta-analysis method.

Methods

We will search Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang database for researches assessing the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP until April 2021. Any types of study design with full text will be selected and included. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. We will use version 15.0 of the STATA software with the midas command packages to carry out meta-analyses.

Results

Evidence for diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP will be provided through the study, and this protocol will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion

This study will provide evidence of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP.
Portraits of Putin – An installation reflecting on his twenty years in power and his presence in the global public sphere
Authors: Rowley Alison
Published: May 2021

This photo essay describes an installation created to mark the twentieth anniversary of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s ascension to power. The portraits – made by seventeen different artists – offer a strong commentary about one of the world’s most powerful figures, about the performance of politicized masculinity, and about the power of craft to contribute to contemporary political discourse.
Using Art as Research in Learning and Teaching: Multidisciplinary Approaches Across the Arts, Ross W. Prior (ed.), Foreword by Shaun McNiff (2018)
Authors: Dennis Rea
Published: May 2021

Review of: Using Art as Research in Learning and Teaching: Multidisciplinary Approaches Across the Arts, Ross W. Prior (ed.), Foreword by Shaun McNiff (2018)

Bristol: Intellect, 225 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78320-892-0, p/bk, £25.00
Disobedient Theatre – A Toolkit for Change facilitated by Aylwyn Walsh and Paul Routledge
Authors: Walsh Aylwyn , Routledge Paul , Kelly Maia
Published: May 2021

Disobedient Theatre – A Toolkit for Change, facilitated by Aylwyn Walsh and Paul Routledge

Old Bridge Street Church, Leeds, UK, 5 October 2019
Figlinae y producción anfórica en el territorium de Saguntum
Authors: Mateo Corredor Daniel , Járrega Domínguez Ramón , Colom Mendoza Enric , Martínez Ferreras Verónica
Published: May 2021

Se presenta un estudio de los alfares del ager Saguntinus en época romana a partir de los resultados de una campaña de prospecciones superficiales realizadas en el año 2018, con el objetivo de reubicar y documentar una serie de alfares conocidos de antaño, y poder llevar a cabo una primera aproximación a la caracterización tipológica y arqueométrica de sus producciones, en especial de las ánforas. Esta actuación se ha centrado, concretamente, en tres figlinae conocidas como Els Arcs (Estivella), Sabató II (Torres Torres) y Pla d’Orlell I (Vall d’Uixó), y ha permitido ampliar el conocimiento de las producciones cerámicas manufacturadas en dichos centros de producción. Entre otros aspectos, el estudio muestra la relevancia productiva y comercial del vino de Saguntum y contribuye a ampliar el conocimiento sobre su economía en época altoimperial.
Ecological Functions and Human Activity Interference Evaluation in Ecological Protection Redline for Urban Environment
Authors: Li Guoming , He Binbin , Li Liang , Yang Miao , Huang Qiongyi , Guo Zihan
Published: May 2021

The influences of ecological protection redlines on urban sustainable development can significantly vary from place to place with distinct ecological functions and human activity interference. However, recent research lacks the evaluation of ecological functions and human activity interference
in ecological protection redline areas near urban areas. This article presents an evaluation method consisting of two evaluation criteria systems: an ecological function evaluation criteria system based on conserving water resources and soil and maintaining biodiversity and a human activity
interfer- ence evaluation criteria system based on the human activity impact index, population and road network density, and the intensity of tourism activity and livelihood sewage discharge. This evaluation method was verified in Zoige County, China, by using remote sensing data to evaluate
ecological functions and human activity interference in the ecological redline area for an urban environment. This evaluation method is one of the preliminary studies of urban sustainable develop- ment planning, and the result could provide a basis for the formulation of urban sustainable
development strategy.
Gdy słowo dzieli. Mowa pogardy i nienawiści w relacjach między ludźmi
Authors: Obrębska Monika , Dobrowolska Marcelina
Published: May 2021

Hate speech is defined as verbal abuse against minority groups. Its emotional basis is contempt which activates anger and revulsion. Therefore, it seems to be justified to speak of “contempt speech and hate speech” as a spreading social phenomenon, in effect resulting in a generalised deterioration in attitudes toward minorities. The media and public figures play a huge role in promoting hate speech, and it is also fostered by the sense of danger accompanying the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to stop this process, we should start to perceive hate speech as a serious social problem, the conditions and consequences of which should be the subject of reflection and scientific studies.
Związek między przejawianym stylem poczucia humoru a prezentowaną postawą rodzicielską
Authors: Piasecka Anita , Gryz Monika , Łuczak Weronika , Mikajewska Adrianna , Kleka Paweł
Published: May 2021

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between styles of sense of humour and parental attitude. The study sample consisted of adults who are parents, mostly women (59 vs 14 men). Because the study was exploratory in nature, a statistical significance level of α < .10 was adopted and tentatively demonstrated the existence of partial relationships between the constructs analyzed. Level of self-deprecating humour correlates with intensity of demanding attitude (rho = .249, p = .035) and intensity of demanding attitude (rho = .241, p = .042). In contrast, the level of aggressive humor correlates negatively with accepting attitude (rho = –.273, p = .012) but correlates positively with inconsistent attitude intensity (rho = .217, p = .067).
Doświadczanie wdowieństwa a nowe związki romantyczne w okresie późnej dorosłości
Authors: Rodziejczak Klaudia
Published: May 2021

The current population of widows and widowers in Poland is over 3.1 mln, whereof the vast majority is over 60 years old. Death of long-life partner is one of the most stressful events in an individual’s life and it may affect their physical and mental condition. At the same time acceptance of spouse’s death and successful adaptation to widowhood are the developmental tasks of late adulthood phase, which may provide to personal growth. A widowed person can decide if they desire to engage new romantic relationship. Research shows that starting a new relationship is motivated by various factors: psychological (e.g. spouse idealization, anxiety), biological (e.g. age, health), and external factors (e.g. socioeconomic situation). New late-life romantic relationships differ from previous stages of life – we can observe changes in: relationship goals, dynamic of the relationship and together activities, although seniors experience passionate love the same way that younger generations do.
Effect of memantine on calcium signaling in hippocampal neurons cultured with β-amyloid
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shkryl V.M. , Ganzha V.V. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lukyanetz E.A. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by accumulating amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Excessive stimulation of glutamate receptors, mainly NMDA-type, causes intense entry of calcium ions into cells and is a key early step in glutamateinduced excitotoxicity, resulting in many neurological diseases, including AD. Memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, blocks NMDA receptors and reduce the influx of calcium ions into neuron. In our experiments, we have modeled AD on cultured rat hippocampal neurons to test the effects of memantine on calcium signaling in neurons. Our results show that the neuroprotective effect of memantine could be provided not only through the inhibition of NMDA receptor current but also through the suppression of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, most likely L-type. This study suggests that NMDA receptor antagonist memantine can protect hippocampal neurons from calcium overloading induced by Aβ1–42 amyloid exposure via blocking Ca2+ channels
THE CONTENT OF INTERLEUKIN-10 IN THE SUPERNATANTS OF IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors:   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Ryzhkova N.O. , Gavrilenko T.I. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Yakushko L.V. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Parkhomenko O.M. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Dovgan N.V. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Dovgan O.V. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Lomakovsky O.M. ,   State Institution National Scientific Center «M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kyiv, Ukraine, Babchuk Yu.Y. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Babiy S.М. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

198 patients with coronary heart disease (stable and unstable angina- UA, acute myocardial infarction-AMI) were examined. The content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the supernatants of immunocompetent cells was determined at hospitalization. In patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction it was also measured on the 7th day of the treatment. A wide range of the indicators was revealed when patients were admitted to hospital. In this regard, the subjects were divided into 2 subgroups: A - with a low content of IL-10 in mononuclear cells (UA - 58.1, AMI - 75.4%), B - with a normal or high content of this cytokine in these cells. In the dynamics of treatment, the indicators in mononuclear cells change depending on the initial value of the concentration of IL-10: its low content increases, high - decreases. On the 7th day of treatment, the content of the studied factor in these cells became almost the same in all subgroups. A low level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at the beginning of the disease is probably a pathogenetic link and a predictor of acute coronary events.
EFFECT OF OBESITY ON BONE METABOLISM
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Litovka I.G.
Published: May 2021

The review of current literature presents data on the prevalence of obesity and its impact on bone metabolism. These results suggest that there is a complex multilevel relationship between the skeletal system, adipose tissue and energy metabolism. However, informational analysis of the problem has shown that there are still many unresolved issues regarding the relationship between metabolic and osteopenic syndromes. At the same time, studies of the state of the skeletal system in metabolic syndrome and obesity can contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of osteopenic syndrome to develop its treatment and prevention.
Socio-cultural basis of communities innovation development: archetypical approach
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko 72, Romenska Str., Sumy, 40002, Ukraine, Omelyanenko V. A.
Published: May 2021

Based on the analysis of modern theories and practical approaches to local development management, the author determined that many successful strategies for community revival are based on the ability of society and business to self-organize at the local level. The author identifies the formation factors of local innovation archetypes and the resource base of innovation development of communities. One of the main aspects of the formation of local innovation archetypes is the development of mechanisms for the public choice of the innovation process priorities and their implementation, and creating tools for broad information support and promotion of innovative ideas to create success stories. It is determined that the main tasks of local community development practices are capacity building and community empowerment, the transformation of local residents from actors into actors, development of participatory democracy and involvement of residents in the development of the territory (enhanced participation). The author substantiates that regional (local) innovation landscapes are more suitable for developing complex interactions and capital formation of ties as competitive advantages. The territories are communities of economic interest and can take advantage of ties and joint activities of economic entities. Implicit knowledge (cooperation between educational institutions, research institutions, business, staff relocation, public-private sector interaction, technology diffusion, etc.) in the measurement of networks depend heavily on coordination and are necessary for various innovations. Based on the analysis of local development theories, it is substantiated that the most effective tool developing of local communities is to involve people in joint activities aimed at achieving the public good or benefit for all participants. Examples of the best world experience and practices in involving communities in solving local development issues are considered.
The matter of mental transformation of logos
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University 28, Vilyuiskaya Str., Novosibirsk, 630126, Russian Federation, Sobolnikov V. V.
Published: May 2021

The article dwells upon a vital matter of the logos’ mental transformation in metamodern logic, which determined its novelty. The article aims to conceptualize the concept of “logos” within the “depth sociology” (sociology of imagination) and study the socio-psychological process of its change in the current socio-crisis conditions. As the methodological basis of the research, the author suggests the psychoanalytic approach and rich scientific heritage of G. Durand, whose 100th anniversary would be celebrated on May 1, 2021, by the world scientific community. In the world, he is known as a sociologist and researcher of forms and functions of imagination, the author of the concept, theory and scientific method of “depth sociology” (sociology of imagination). The study also used general scientific and psychoanalytic methods of cognition and an interdisciplinary approach, which paved the way for the use of culturological and hermeneutic analysis methods. At the same time, other elements of culturological and sociological cases have been adopted, borrowing concepts and perspectives for explaining socio-psychological phenomena that have a complex psychological nature. Based on the theoretical analysis results, a generalized description of the logos is presented within the framework of its conceptualization in the topic of depth sociology, which to some extent reveals the psychological nature and meaning of the concept. The author proposes a modification of the paradigmatic model of logos variability. The socio-psychological process of its transformation is studied based on G. Durand’s construction. Based on the results of the analysis of the logos state in the current social crisis, the paper shows fragments of its varieties and probabilistic mechanisms of variability. Simultaneously, the institutional uncertainty of the modern geopolitical future in the world creates a basis for pressure on the “two-story” (socio-psychological) topic, where the prospect of further research will be the problem of synchronicity (according to C.-G. Jung).
Trends of trust levels in government and social institutions
Authors:   SO ", Balakireva O. M. ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine",   26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Based on national monitoring surveys, the trends of trust in government and social institutions in Ukrainian society are shown. Paper considers specifics of trust levels trends for the last two years
Quality and microbiological protection of table eggs by ultrasonic application of acidic electrolyzed water and chitosan
Authors: Cabanillas-Beltrán Héctor , González-Estrada Ramsés R. , Gutiérrez-Martínez Porfirio , Hernández-López Silvia María
Published: May 2021

Ultrasonic nebulization was used as a novel method of chitosan (CH) and acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) application on table eggs; effects on preservation, quality and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The effect of the application of CH and AEW alone or in combination on eggs quality was evaluated in terms of weight loss, shell thickness, yolk colour, Haugh units and shell strength. Additionally, the application of CH and AEW as an antimicrobial agent was investigated in order to evaluate their efficacy against Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). A negative effect was observed by the sole application of AEW on eggshell thickness and strength. Conversely, the combination of AEW and CH improve eggshell strength, as well as avoid water losses. The use of CH alone stable Yolk colour values and Haugh units compared to control eggs during the storage time. The combination of AEW and CH reduced the antimicrobial activity. However, the sole application of CH or EAW was effective depending on the type of inoculation and the strain evaluated.
Diseño participativo de una alerta agroclimática temprana para el cultivo de papa criolla (Solanum phureja) en Subachoque, Colombia
Authors: Vargas Camacho Julieth Camila , Plata Rangel Ángela María , Guevara Oscar
Published: May 2021

Los cambios en las variables de temperatura (T -°C) del aire y precipitación (P -mm) en la región del municipio de Subachoque, Cundinamarca (Colombia), están afectando la productividad del cultivo de papa criolla (Solanum phureja). El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo diseñar una alerta agroclimática temprana participativa (AATP) para la toma de decisiones en el manejo de este cultivo en la región. La metodología fue desarrollada bajo los enfoques participativo y análisis estadístico climatológico. Los análisis mostraron un aumento constante de la temperatura (ΔT) de 0.05 °C en el periodo 1966 – 2017; así como en eventos Niño en el periodo 1951 - 2017. La precipitación, promedio mensual, no es suficiente para cubrir el requerimiento de agua del cultivo, especialmente entre diciembre y febrero, y julio y agosto, por lo que el agricultor debe aplicar riego en estos periodos. Por lo anterior, se sugiere hacer la siembra de papa criolla en los meses de marzo-abril y agosto-septiembre, cuando la precipitación y la temperatura son adecuadas para el desarrollo y producción de este cultivo.
Detection of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species in Colombia
Authors: Salazar-González Claudia , Velásquez-Ortiz David , Gómez-López Eyder
Published: May 2021

The genus Fusarium produces mycotoxins that are metabolites of low molecular weight that affect the quality of crops, and even more importantly, they affect the health of humans and animals. Among those that cause damage to health are trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenones. The objective of this study was to quantify the mycotoxins produced by species of the genus Fusarium from a population of isolates obtained from different crops and locations in Colombia. From 206 isolates, only 14 amplified to regions associated with mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) belonging to the group of trichothecenes, fumonisin (FUM) and zearalenone (ZEA) using PCR. Each isolate with the presence of mycotoxins was conserved in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Eight days after seeding in corn kernel medium, the samples were processed to perform the quantitative analysis of DON, ZEA and FUM using an ELISA kit based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results show that mycotoxins were present in the evaluated isolates and their levels were above the standards regulated by Mercosur and the European Union. The use of immunosorbent assays using the ELISA technique becomes a useful tool to detect and quantify mycotoxins of species of the genus Fusarium that affect different crops in Colombia.
Climatic characterization and evaluation of the need for supplementary irrigation for cacao in southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Medauar Caique , Almeida Menezes Agna , Ramos Adriana , Monteiro Galvão Ícaro , De Assis Silva Samuel
Published: May 2021

Cacao is a typical plant of a tropical climate and demands ample water. Thus, in periods of water deficit, the need for supplementary irrigation can influence crop development. This study aimed to characterize the climate and evaluate the need for supplementary irrigation for cacao crops in the south of the state of Bahia (Brazil). For this research, historical data (2001-2017) for climate variables were obtained that are available at the weather station of the Executive Commission for Cacao Cultivation Planning (CEPLAC), located in southern Bahia. With the complete database, the monthly values for each variable were calculated and subjected to descriptive statistical analyses. Subsequently, the mean values for rainfall and air temperature were used to calculate potential evapotranspiration. The climatological water balance was then calculated, defining the periods of water deficit and surplus and whether supplementary irrigation was necessary or not, based on the total monthly water deficit. Overall, the region had a favorable climate for the development of cacao. However, this pattern did not continue throughout the historical series of climatic data, which showed temporal discontinuity, especially in February. The main months requiring supplementary irrigation for the cultivation of c hern Bahia were February and December.
Señuelo dirigido a HIF-1 potencializa efectos citotóxicos de dos agentes quimioterapéuticos en MDA-MB-231
Authors: Mayorga González Diana Carolina , Ramírez Parra Michael , Aristizábal Gutiérrez Fabio Ancizar
Published: May 2021

Procesos oncogénicos como proliferación incontrolable, resistencia apoptótica, aumento de mecanismos angiogénicos y evasión inmune son regulados generalmente por factores de transcripción, como HIF-1. Por tanto, se ha señalado a esta molécula como un blanco terapéutico prometedor. Para explorar esta posibilidad, un oligonucleótido tipo “señuelo” dirigido a HIF-1α (ODN) fue diseñado para evaluar su eficiencia en esquema tanto monoterapéutico, como en combinación con dos agentes quimioterapéuticos en un modelo in vitro de cáncer de seno. Después de comprobar, mediante citometría de flujo e inmunofluorescencia, la localización del blanco, el señuelo fue transfectado en la línea celular MDA-MB-231. Se estableció la IC-50 de HIF-1α ODN, Cisplatino y Taxol con el método de Resazurina. Mecanismos de muerte celular fueron evaluados con el método de TUNEL. Por último, se estableció el índice de combinación (IC) de cada uno de los quimio-agentes en combinación con el ODN. Se evidencio que HIF-1α ODN causa un efecto citotóxico en MDA-MB-231 de hasta un 90% hacia las 72h pos-tratamiento. Este efecto no se observa tanto en los controles del ensayo, como en el cultivo primario de células no tumorales (FIBRO), siendo este agente altamente selectivo hacia células tumorales, al activar mecanismos pro-apoptóticos. A su vez, HIF-1α ODN potencializa la actividad tumorogénica de Cisplatino y Taxol en la línea celular tumoral. Por tanto, HIF-1α ODN demostró tener actividad selectiva potencialmente antitumoral, al disminuir la proliferación celular e inducir apoptosis; optimizando de forma sinérgica, la eficacia de fármacos quimioterapéuticos de alto espectro, en tratamientos combinados.
Selection of somaclonal variants of maracuyá (passiflora Edulis var Flavicarpa. Deneger) tolerants to water deficit
Authors: Loaiza Campiño Ivan Dario , Mesa López Neftalí , Villegas Hiencapié Andrés Mauricio
Published: May 2021

Climate change will have an impact on the Colombian agricultural sector, by 2050 increases in temperature and distribution of erratic rainfall are expected. Passion fruit cultivation does not tolerate water deficit, it reduces flower induction, generates fruit drop and defoliation. To tackle this problem, somaclonal variants (VS) of passion fruit were selected in-vitro, seeking tolerance to water deficit. Four phases were developed: I) callogenesis, II) direct and indirect organogenesis, II) Induction and evaluation of the water deficit with Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) and IV) in vitro selection of VS by morphometric measurements, chlorophyll and total sugars contents. Differences in callogenesis were found with different concentrations of 2,4-D, the concentration of 2 mg • L-1 presented better results producing calluses in less time and in greater quantity (8 days, 90% of the leaf area). In indirect and direct organogenesis the medium MS + ANA + BAP (0.3: 0.6), showed significant statistical differences with respect to other means, for the variables root length (15.14 cm), stem (16.72 cm) and leaves ( 14.51 cm) and root thickness (0.76 cm) stem (1.25) and leaf width (6.75). The influence of PEG 6000 showed significant differences, the treatment with 30 g • L-1 showed the smallest leaf width, the greatest width was found in 25 g • L-1. Statistical differences were found in chlorophyll levels and total sugar contents, the highest contents were recorded in the VS 25VS1, showing the possibility of obtaining seedlings tolerant to the water deficit of passion fruit by inducing somaclonal variation.
Bacillus cereus bacteria endófita promotora de crecimiento vegetal
Authors: Chamorro Anaya Lina Maria , Chamorro Anaya Leonado Miguel , Perez Cordero Alexander
Published: May 2021

La planta Lippia origanoides ha sido ampliamente estudiada debido al efecto antimicrobiano y antifúngico que poseen sus extractos y aceites esenciales, los cuales han sido probados contra un gran número de microorganismos patógenos. Sin embargo, es escasa la literatura que registra la diversidad de bacterias endófitas asociadas a esta especie de plantas. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar in vitro la capacidad de promoción de crecimiento vegetal de bacterias endófitas de Lippia origanoides en el municipio de Sincelejo-Sucre, Colombia. En este estudio se aislaron bacterias endófitas en medio de cultivo agar R2A a partir de diferentes tejidos, se evaluó la densidad poblacional (UFC/g de tejido) por conteo en superficie y la promoción de crecimiento vegetal de forma cualitativa en medios selectivos específicos. Se observaron diferencias significativas para la densidad poblacional de bacterias endófitas respecto al tipo de tejido, con mayores valores en la raíz (2,0 x 1010/g raíz), seguido del tallo (1,3 x 1010/g tallo) y hojas (9,2 x 109/g hoja). Se obtuvieron un total de 20 bacterias endófitas, los cuales dos mostraron capacidad solubilizadora de fosfato, fijación biológica de nitrógeno, producción de sideróforos y ACC desaminasa. Los morfotipos TLO5 y RLO4 fueron identificados molecularmente como Bacillus cereus, mostrando buenos resultados de promoción de crecimiento vegetal.
Mucor minutus (Baijal & B.S. Mehrotra) Schipper: a rare mucoralean fungi isolated for the first time in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Alves Ana L. S. de M. , Souza Carlos A. F. , Cordeiro Thalline R. L. , Oliveira Rafael J. V de , Gurgel Luciana M. S. , Cruz Mateus O. da , Santiago André L. C. M de A.
Published: May 2021

Mucor minutus (Baijal & B.S. Mehrotra) Schipper is described for the first time from northeastern Brazil. The specimen was isolated from the soil of Florestas do Jussará, an upland forest fragment in Pernambuco state. In Brazil, M. minutus has previously been isolated only from the state of São Paulo from the soil of the Atlantic Forest. The occurrence of M. minutus in Florestas do Jussará is presented and discussed, and a detailed description and illustration of the specimen are presented. This article contributes to the knowledge of mucoralean distribution.
MECHANICAL ALLOYING AT THE MICRO LEVEL: MODELING THE MOTION OF DISLOCATIONS AND IMPURITY ATOMS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Zubko Ivan , Zaitsev Aleksey ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sokolkin Yuri ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: May 2021

In the process of mechanical alloying, powder particles experience significant plastic deformations, the microscopic mechanism of which is the movement of the dislocations formed in them. High values of the density of dislocations are a characteristic feature of mechanically doped solid solutions. In this work, using the simulation approach, we simulate the motion of a discrete set of interacting edge dislocations and impurity atoms at significant strain rates characteristic of the mechanical alloying process.
FLOW SIMULATION OVER REENTRY CAPSULE AT SUPERSONIC AND HYPERSONIC SPEEDS. THE COMPARE BETWEEN TWO REENTRY CAPSULES. PART 1
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI, Timofeev Pavel , Panchenko Vladimir ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI, Kharchyk Sergey ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI
Published: May 2021

This study presents flow simulation over the reentry capsule at supersonic and hypersonic speeds. Numerical algorithms solve for the CFD method, which is produced using help ANSYS Fluent 19.2. The using GPU core to get a solution faster. The main purpose – flow simulation and numerical analysis reentry capsule; understand the behavior of supersonic and hypersonic flow and its effect on the reentry capsule; compare temperature results for the range Mach numbers equals 2–6. This study showed results on velocity counters, on temperature counters and vector of velocity for range Mach numbers equals 2–6. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the effects of shock waves and illustrates how the shock wave changes as the Mach number increases. For every solves, the mesh had adapted for pressure gradient and velocity gradient to get the exact solution. As a result of the obtained solution, it is found that a curved shock wave appears in front of the reentry capsule. The central part of which is a forward shock. An angular expansion process is observed, which is a modified picture of the Prandtl- Mayer flow that occurs in a supersonic flow near the sharp edge of the expanding region. It is revealed that with an increase in the Mach number, the shock wave approaches the bottom of the reentry capsule, and there is also a slope of the shock to the flow direction, with an increase in the Mach number. The relevance and significance of this problem for the design of new and modernization of old reentry capsules.
Understanding Public Value Through Its Methods
Authors: Ćwiklicki Marek , Pilch Kamila
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The article has two main purposes. On the one hand, it shows how public value is defined and through what management tools it is created. On the other hand, it presents how representatives of various scientific disciplines describe the desired features of instruments creating public value and, based on this, how they evaluate the existing tools.
Research Design & Methods: We apply multiple factor analysis (MFA) on data collected from scholars from different scientific disciplines. The dimensions of various groups of methods described by the respondents made it possible to reveal the similarities and differences in their perceptions.
Findings: The study demonstrates that a scientific disciplinal background can influence perceptions of the benefits of management methods to deliver public value. Knowledge of background can make public managers aware of prejudices towards particular tools as well as it helps identify the most adequate one for each dimension of public value.
Contribution / Value Added: Our paper contributes to the body of knowledge of public value by showing how different perspectives can be integrated and helpful for describing diversified sets of tools. We outline how the respondents perceive the delivery of public value through management methods and, from this perspective, how they evaluate various tools.
Article classification: research article
JEL classification: H11, H83, C38
Social Policy Programme “The Family 500+” – Assumptions, Results, and Costs of Functioning: Is It Worth?
Authors:   Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities (Poland), Owczarczyk Anna
Published: May 2021

The unfavorable demographic situation and the falling number of births resulted in an increased interest among Polish politicians in introducing tools to social policy that would reverse this negative trend. Implemented to social policy by Prawo i Sprawiedliwość Party in 2016, the “Family 500+” benefit has become such a tool. According to the government’s intention, this financial aid for families with children aims to reverse the decline in the number of births observed for many years and reduce the scale of poverty among families with the most complex financial situation. After several years of the “Family 500+” Program in force, it is difficult to clearly define whether the goals were achieved and whether the expenses for financing the program were adequate to the results. The aim of the article is an attempt at the assessment of the functioning of the Family 500+ Programme. Both the statutory assumptions of the programme, the costs of its functioning, and its results so far were analyzed. The central part of the analysis covered the period 2016–2019.
CICLOPEDALEIROS: PROCESSOS EDUCATIVOS DECORRENTES DA ESTRUTURAÇÃO DE UM EMPREENDIMENTO DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA
Authors: Mecca Andréia Cordeiro , Gonçalves Junior Luiz
Published: May 2021

A implantação e a consolidação do modelo econômico neoliberal tiveram como consequências a precarização acentuada do trabalho no Brasil e o aumento das desigualdades. O grande número de pessoas vivendo em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e a busca pela superação desse quadro faz emergir alternativas à geração de renda. Essas alternativas promoveram práticas exploratórias como a uberização do trabalho, mas também contribuíram para impulsionaram outras economias. O Empreendimento de Economia Solidária CicloPedaleiros busca, através da realização de cicloentregas, viabilizar geração de renda para adultos que estão à margem do mercado de trabalho, sujeitos ao desemprego e à informalidade. O presente artigo teve como objetivo identificar e compreender os processos educativos decorrentes da prática social da cicloentrega a partir das ações do citado empreendimento. Como metodologia utilizamos pesquisa participante, sistematização das observações por meio de diários de campo e análise pautada na fenomenologia, que fez emergir três categorias temáticas: A) “Eu fui lá na frente falar, falei, sou dos CicloPedaleiros, empreendimento de economia solidária”; B) “É bão usar o capacete, viu, numa hora dessa salva”; e C) “Precarização é a palavra do ano”.
The Project of a Contrastive Dictionary of the Kuban Cossacks’ Folk Songs
Authors:   Kuban State University (Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russian Federation), Litus Elena V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the article is to justify the concept of a contrastive dictionary of the language of Kuban Cossacks’ folk song culture. This dictionary should demonstrate the bilingual nature of the Kuban Cossacks’ song folklore in the context of Russian and Ukrainian folk speech traditions, and become the basis for identifying the ethnolinguistic and ethnopsychological features of the Kuban Cossacks – a subethnos that has formed its own special traditional culture for over three centuries. The contrastive analysis of each culturally significant lexeme is organized in two blocks depending on the research base: Russian-language songs (songs of the Kuban Line Cossacks and Russian folk songs), Ukrainian-language songs (songs of the Kuban Black Sea Cossacks and Ukrainian folk songs). The article presents the concept of contrastive dictionary of the Kuban Cossacks’ folk songs; its originality is determined by the peculiar forming conditions of the Kuban folklore language caused by the settlement history of the Kuban territory. The existing experience of compiling contrastive dictionaries cannot be fully applied to the language of Kuban folklore, in which Russian and Ukrainian language folk traditions are mixed in a complex way. The dictionary is based on the ideographic principle. The thematic approach fully reflects a particular fragment of the linguistic world-image and provides great opportunities to study the place of separate language units in this fragment. Due to the significance of the task, attention is focused on one thematic group – “Man’s World”. The structure of the dictionary entry of the developed dictionary reflects linguistic features of lexemes: it gives an idea of the lexical and morphological paradigmatics, family of words (within the analyzed lexicon), their co-occurrence properties (syntagmatic aspect), and the originality of use (functional aspect). Such a structure of the dictionary entry allows not only describing the linguistic features of the analyzed lexeme, noting the presence of qualitative (cultural, conceptual) asymmetry in equivalent lexemes, but also identifying the deep implicit meanings reflected in the co-occurrence properties of the word and understanding the concept verbalized by the analyzed lexeme. The justified concept of the contrastive dictionary of Kuban folk songs should contribute to the solution of many problems of modern lexicography – studies of the possibilities of using contrastive dictionaries in folklore and author’s (writer’s) lexicography, lexicography of a multicultural region.