bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From ‘pain management’ to ‘integrated health clinic’: a quality improvement project to transition patients on chronic opioid therapy to more evidence-based therapies for chronic pain
Authors: Hill Elena S , Reich Doug , Ayeni Eniola
Published: September 2022

Background

The State of New York, along with the whole nation, is struggling to combat the opioid epidemic. Major authoritative bodies on chronic pain and addiction have advocated against the use of opioids long term for chronic pain. In the spring of 2021, our pain management clinic made the decision to discontinue chronic opioid prescriptions, offering instead a three-part intervention to provide patients with support for chronic pain during the process of discontinuing chronic opioid therapy (COT). Our goal was to provide safer and more evidence-based care for our chronic pain population.

Objectives

To safely wean patients in our pain management clinic off of COT and offer alternative pain interventions in order to help them reach their health goals.

Intervention

Our three-part intervention included a unified plan for weaning patients off COT while simultaneously offering (1) expansion of integrated pain modalities, (2) Suboxone therapy and (3) a community health worker (CHW) support programme.

Results

Over the course of 8 months, our clinic successfully transitioned 380 patients off of COT while simultaneously expanding access to alternative pain management modalities, Suboxone therapy and CHW support services.

Conclusion

Alternative pain management modalities, Suboxone therapy and CHW support all help to aid patients weaning off of COT while still adequately addressing their chronic pain. Our model may be adaptable to other pain management practices hoping to decrease inappropriate use of COT.
Inflation, space-borne interferometers and the expansion history of the Universe
Authors: Giovannini Massimo
Published: September 2022

According to the common wisdom, between a fraction of the mHz and few Hz the spectral energy density of the inflationary gravitons can be safely disregarded even assuming the most optimistic sensitivities of the space-borne detectors. In this analysis we show that this conclusion is evaded if, prior to nucleosynthesis, the post-inflationary evolution includes a sequence of stages expanding either faster or slower than radiation. As a consequence, contrary to the conventional lore, it is shown that below a fraction of the Hz the spectral energy density of the relic gravitons may exceed (even by eight orders of magnitude) the signal obtained under the hypothesis of radiation dominance throughout the whole expansion history prior to the formation of light nuclei. Since the slopes and the amplitudes of the spectra specifically reflect both the inflationary dynamics and the subsequent decelerated evolution, it is possible to disentangle the contribution of the relic gravitons from other (late-time) bursts of gravitational radiation associated, for instance, with a putative strongly first-order phase transition at the TeV scale. Hence, any limit on the spectral energy density of the relic gravitons in the mHz range simultaneously constrains the post-inflationary expansion history and the inflationary initial data.
Improving Rice Disease Diagnosis Using Ensemble Transfer Learning Techniques
Authors: Sharma Mayuri , Kumar Chandan Jyoti
Published: September 2022

Early diagnosis of the disease in crop opens the door to potential care and treatment, which in turn improves the yield. Automated detection of rice plant disease from plant images is an emerging research field that is gaining prominence due to the rising interest in it from machine learning researchers. Convolution neural network-based learning techniques are widely used by the research community in accurately handling these types of tasks. In current study, transfer learning models like InceptionV3, ResNet152V2, MobileNetV2, Xception, DenseNet201, InceptionResNetV2 and VGG19 are used for the diagnosis of rice plant diseases on two datasets, which are publicly available in Mendeley and Kaggle. To improve the performance of the diagnosis system, ensembling of Transfer Learning (TL) models has been introduced in this work. All possible combinations of the TL models are designed and experiment is carried out using all of them. It is observed that most of the ensembled models are superior to individual TL models. The work demonstrates that some of the ensemble models are superior in performance than the advanced learning model like Convolution-XGBoost.
An Alexander-type invariant for doodles
Authors: Cisneros Bruno , Flores Marcelo , Juyumaya Jesús , Roque-Márquez Christopher
Published: September 2022

We construct an Alexander-type invariant for oriented doodles from a deformation of the Tits representation of the twin group and from the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. Like the Alexander polynomial, our invariant vanishes on unlinked doodles with more than one component. We also include values of our invariant on several doodles.
LOWER DIMENSION AND SPECTRUM OF HOMOGENEOUS PERFECT SETS
Authors: YANG JIAOJIAO , LI YANZHE , HU RAN
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we obtain the lower dimension for homogeneous perfect sets under the condition [Formula: see text], and we also obtain the lower spectrum formula for homogeneous perfect sets under the condition [Formula: see text]. A lower spectrum formula for a large class of sets in a metric space is established in our proof.
BÄCKLUND TRANSFORMATION AND DIVERSE EXACT EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS OF THE FRACTAL COMBINED KdV–mKdV EQUATION
Authors: WANG KANG-JIA
Published: September 2022

A fractal modification of the combined KdV–mKdV equation which plays a key role in various fields of physics is presented in this work for the first time. Aided by the fractal two-scale transform, the homogeneous balance method is employed to construct the fractal Bäcklund transformation. By means of the Bäcklund transformation, some new exact explicit solutions such as the algebraic solitary wave solution of rational function, single-soliton solution, double-soliton solutions, N-soliton solutions, singular traveling solutions and the periodic wave solutions of trigonometric function are obtained. Finally, some solutions are illustrated with different fractal orders in the form of the 3D plot, 3D density and 2D curves by assigning reasonable parameters with the help of Mathematica. The findings in this paper are expected to present some new insights into the fractal theory of the fractal PDEs.
Multi-Scale Deep Residual Shrinkage Network for Atrial Fibrillation Recognition
Authors: Shi Dayin , Wu Zhiyong , Zhang Longbo , Hu Benjia , Meng Ke
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a novel multi-scale deep residual shrinkage network (MS-DRSN) is proposed for signal denoising and atrial fibrillation (AF) recognition. Signal denoising is done by multi-scale threshold denoising module (MS-TDM), which consists of two parts: threshold acquisition and threshold denoising. The thresholds are automatically obtained through the global attention module constructed by the neural network. Threshold denoising chooses Garrote as the threshold function, which combines the advantages of soft and hard thresholding. The multi-scale features consist of global attention module and local attention module, and then the multi-scale features are denoised using the acquired thresholds and threshold functions, and the AF recognition task is finally completed in the Softmax layer after the superposition of multiple MS-TDMs. An adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN) algorithm is also used to oversample the dataset and achieve data category balancing by generating new samples, which improves the accuracy of AF recognition and alleviates the overfitting of the neural network. This method was experimented and validated on the PhysioNet2017 dataset. The experimental results show that the approach achieves an accuracy of 0.894 and an [Formula: see text] score of 0.881, which is better than current machine learning and deep learning models.
Clifford semigroup actions
Authors: Paul Monika , Maity S. K.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we establish the orbit-stabilizer theorem and the orbit decomposition theorem for a Clifford semigroup. Moreover, we establish that for a Clifford semigroup [Formula: see text], any two homogeneous Clifford [Formula: see text]-sets [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are Clifford [Formula: see text]-isomorphic if and only if for any [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is conjugate to [Formula: see text]. More generally, for a Clifford semigroup [Formula: see text], any two Clifford [Formula: see text]-sets [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are Clifford [Formula: see text]-isomorphic if and only if there is a bijection [Formula: see text] satisfying the property that, for all [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is Clifford [Formula: see text]-isomorphic to [Formula: see text]. Finally, we prove that in a Clifford semigroup [Formula: see text], for any element [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-unitary full Clifford subsemigroup of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the conjugacy class in [Formula: see text] containing the element [Formula: see text].
Synthesis and characterization of efficient photocatalyst from seaweed extract under solar irradiation
Authors: Jerlin G. , Ashok M.
Published: September 2022

Silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized employing a facile hydrothermal method supported by the seaweed Turbinaria ornata (TO). TO extract was used as a capping agent. The prepared NPs were accounted for using instrumentational analysis such as FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and UV-Vis. Their characteristic study showed an average size of 26 nm with 81% crystallinity with X-ray Diffraction and the band-gap value as 3.25 eV. The biosynthesized doped particle exhibited rod-shaped morphology for better efficiency in dye degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye. They were also tested for adsorption kinetics and photocatalytic degradation of MB using sunlight. The efficiency in degrading the MB dye proclaimed a remarkable change in solar irradiation of about 90% reduction to visible light, which leads to the betterment in solar degradation of dye pollutants at a minimal cost.
Efficient Node PageRank Improvement via Link-building using Geometric Deep Learning
Authors: Carchiolo Vincenza , Grassia Marco , Longheu Alessandro , Malgeri Michele , Mangioni Giuseppe
Published: September 2022

Centrality is a relevant topic in the field of network research, due to its various theoretical and practical implications. In general, all centrality metrics aim at measuring the importance of nodes (according to some definition of importance), and such importance scores are used to rank the nodes in the network, therefore the rank improvement is a strictly related topic. In a given network, the rank improvement is achieved by establishing new links, therefore the question shifts to which and how many links should be collected to get a desired rank. This problem, also known as
link-building
has been shown to be NP-hard, and most heuristics developed failed in obtaining good performance with acceptable computational complexity. In this article, we present
LB–GDM
, a novel approach that leverages Geometric Deep Learning to tackle the link-building problem. To validate our proposal, 31 real-world networks were considered; tests show that
LB–GDM
performs significantly better than the state-of-the-art heuristics, while having a comparable or even lower computational complexity, which allows it to scale well even to large networks.
L2DART: A Trust Management System Integrating Blockchain and Off-Chain Computation
Authors: De Salve Andrea , Franceschi Luca , Lisi Andrea , Mori Paolo , Ricci Laura
Published: September 2022

The blockchain technology has been gaining an increasing popularity for the last years, and smart contracts are being used for a growing number of applications in several scenarios. The execution of smart contracts on public blockchains can be invoked by any user with a transaction, although in many scenarios there would be the need for restricting the right of executing smart contracts only to a restricted set of users. To help deal with this issue, this article proposes a system based on a popular access control framework called RT, Role-based Trust Management, to regulate smart contracts execution rights. The proposed system, called Layer 2 DecentrAlized Role-based Trust management (L2DART), implements the RT framework on a public blockchain, and it is designed as a layer-2 technology that involves both on-chain and off-chain functionalities to reduce the blockchain costs while keeping blockchain auditability, i.e., immutability and transparency. The on-chain costs of L2DART have been evaluated on Ethereum and compared with a previous solution implementing on-chain all the functionalities. The results show that the on-chain costs of L2DART are relatively low, making the system deployable in real-world scenarios.
Bonding with a Couchsurfing Robot: The Impact of Common Locus on Human-Robot Bonding In-the-Wild
Authors: Mollen Joost , van der Putten Peter , Darling Kate
Published: September 2022

Due to an increased presence of robots in human-inhabited environments, we observe a growing body of examples in which humans show behavior that is indicative of strong social engagement towards robots that do not possess any life-like realism in appearance or behavior. In response, we focus on the under-explored concept of a common locus as a relevant driver for a robot passing a social threshold. The key principle of common locus is that sharing place and time with a robotic artifact functions as an important catalyst for a perception of shared experiences, which in turn leads to bonding. We present BlockBots, minimal cube-shaped robotic artifacts that are deployed in an unsupervised, open-ended and in-the-field experimental setting aimed to explore the relevance of this concept. Participants host the BlockBot in their domestic environment before passing it on, without necessarily knowing they are taking part in an experiment. Qualitative data suggest that participants make identity and mind attributions to the BlockBot. People that actively maintain a common locus with BlockBot by taking it with them when changing location, on trips and during outdoor activities, project more of these attributes than others.
Two-phased Participant Selection Method Based on Partial Transfer Learning in Mobile Crowdsensing
Authors: Wang Jian , Liu Jiaxin , Zhao Guosheng
Published: September 2022

To solve the problem of sensing data redundancy and missing data caused by the uneven distribution of resources in mobile crowd sensing, a two-phased participant selection method based on partial transfer learning is proposed. Firstly, the data is preprocessed. On the one hand, the sensing task features are extracted to analyze the correlation between the source task and the target task feature space. On the other hand, users are divided into active users and passive users according to the historical movement law of sensing users. Secondly, the participant selection in the first stage is carried out. According to the similarity of feature space between the source task and the target task, part of the user resources of the source task are migrated to the target subtask with a similar distribution of its feature space. As a result, the target task can select participants efficiently and accurately. Finally, the participant selection in the second stage is carried out. For the target subtask not covered, the passive users in the subtask area are taken as the assignment object. Simulation results based on real data sets show that this method can effectively improve the task coverage and reduce the perceived excitation cost.
Sℒ1-Simplex: Safe Velocity Regulation of Self-Driving Vehicles in Dynamic and Unforeseen Environments
Authors: Mao Yanbing , Gu Yuliang , Hovakimyan Naira , Sha Lui , Voulgaris Petros
Published: September 2022

This article proposes a novel extension of the Simplex architecture with model switching and model learning to achieve safe velocity regulation of self-driving vehicles in dynamic and unforeseen environments. To guarantee the reliability of autonomous vehicles, an ℒ1adaptive controller that compensates for uncertainties and disturbances is employed by the Simplex architecture as a verified high-assurance controller (HAC) to tolerate concurrent software and physical failures. Meanwhile, the safe switching controller is incorporated into the HAC for safe velocity regulation in the dynamic (prepared) environments, through the integration of the traction control system and anti-lock braking system. Due to the high dependence of vehicle dynamics on the driving environments, the HAC leverages the finite-time model learning to timely learn and update the vehicle model for ℒ1adaptive controller, when any deviation from the safety envelope or the uncertainty measurement threshold occurs in the unforeseen driving environments. With the integration of ℒ1adaptive controller, safe switching controller and finite-time model learning, the vehicle’s angular and longitudinal velocities can asymptotically track the provided references in the dynamic and unforeseen driving environments, while the wheel slips are restricted to safety envelopes to prevent slipping and sliding. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed Simplex architecture for safe velocity regulation is validated by the AutoRally platform.
Impact of Financial Development on Income Gap Based on Improved Gaussian Kernel Function and BGP Anomaly Detection
Authors: Yao Yan , Huang Yan
Published: September 2022

Nuclear methods, such as the study of the main components of nuclear and the support of vector machines, have gradually evolved into a type of pillar methods for pattern recognition and economic statistics. Therefore, how to choose the inner product function of high-dimensional space is particularly important for the use of such methods. And, because the inner product function of high-dimensional space often determines the structure of high-dimensional space, the superiority of the kernel method is directly affected by using high-dimensional space. Due to its superior performance, the inner product function of Gaussian high-dimensional space has been put into practical use to a large extent. For the processing of unbalanced distribution of BGP data, because the results of BGP usually have multiple results, and the distribution is not uniform, so in the process of training SVM, the process of determining the composition of the hyperplane is generated due to various results The effect of the results will also be different so that the final planning equation has errors and weakens the classification ability. Finally, the BGP test results are displayed. The results show that the operation of the SVM algorithm can complete the supervision and management of BGP abnormal data. If there is any data fluctuation, an alarm will be issued. Under the condition of ensuring the correct rate, the input characteristics of BGP can be reduced in dimensionality, and specific selection methods can be used to complete. A high-level algorithm is used here, so that it has a better SVM classification effect, and abnormal traffic can be more conveniently and quickly checked out of BGP. It can be seen from the results of statistical analysis of urban and rural data that the current gap between urban and rural economic development level is too large, and to some extent, there is a trend of increasing fault, which will undoubtedly affect the stability of urban and rural areas, so the urban-rural income gap should be narrowed. We have also studied the principle of the general preferential economy in rural areas and put forward relevant effective strategy.
The Four Pillars for Successful Regenerative Therapy in Endodontics: Stem Cells, Biomaterials, Growth Factors, and Their Synergistic Interactions
Authors: Brizuela C. , Huang George T.-J. , Diogenes A. , Botero T. , Khoury M.
Published: September 2022

Endodontics has made significant progress in regenerative approaches in recent years, thanks to advances in biologically based procedures or regenerative endodontic therapy (RET). In recent years, our profession has witnessed a clear conceptual shift in this therapy. RET was initially based on a blood clot induced by apical bleeding without harvesting the patient’s cells or cell-free RET. Later, the RET encompassed the three principles of tissue engineering, stromal/stem cells, scaffolds, and growth factors, aiming for the regeneration of a functional dentin pulp complex. The regenerated dental pulp will recover the protective mechanisms including innate immunity, tertiary dentin formation, and pain sensitivity. This comprehensive review covers the basic knowledge and practical information for translational applications of stem cell-based RET and tissue engineering procedures for the regeneration of dental pulp. It will also provide overall information on the emerging technologies in biological and synthetic matrices, biomaterials, and signaling molecules, recent advances in stem cell therapy, and updated experimental results. This review brings useful and timely clinical evidence for practitioners to understand the challenges faced for a successful cell-based RET and the importance of preserving or reestablishing tooth vitality. The clinical translation of these current bioengineering approaches will undoubtedly be beneficial to the future practice of endodontics.
Effects of Antibiotics on Weight in Obese Patients after Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Hou Yisen , Zhai Xinzhe , Wang Xiaotao , Wu Yi , Lv Zhigan , Ma Peng , Yang Rui , Zhao Haoliang , Han Jianli
Published: September 2022

Obese patients can significantly reduce weight and have a positive impact on obesity-related diseases. However, the risk of infection complications in obese people is higher than that in normal people, especially the surgical site infection. This research investigates the effect of antibiotics on weight change of obese patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). A retrospective analysis was performed on 131 morbidly obese patients or obese patients with complications who received LSG treatment in the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2013 to 2020. Patients were separated into the antibiotic group (59 cases) and the normal group (72 cases) according to whether antibiotics were used after surgery. The differences of postoperative weight-related indexes, inflammation-related indexes, and short-term complications were compared between the two groups. At 12-month follow-up, the % excess weight loss (%EWL) in the antibiotic group was statistically abated than that in the normal group (

92.99
±
28.60

,

P
<
0.01

). In addition, the percentage of total weight loss (%total weight loss (%TWL)) was abated in the antibiotic group than in the normal group, but it was not significant (

P
>
0.05

). White blood cell count and neutrophil count in the antibiotic group were statistically raised than those in the in normal group (

P
<
0.05

), but neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showed no significant difference. Comparison of short-term postoperative complications between the two groups showed that the number of abdominal wall wound infection, body

temperature
>

38

°

C

, and abdominal

pain
>
3

days in the antibiotic group were abated, but they were not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

). Short-term antibiotic exposure after sleeve gastrectomy had an adverse effect on postoperative weight loss, with no significant improvement in short-term complications.
Epistemic and Nonepistemic Design in Textbooks in Social Studies for Lower Secondary School: Do the Textbooks Facilitate Knowledge Building and In-Depth Learning?
Authors: Bratland Erik , El Ghami Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The subject renewal, the new Norwegian curriculum for the school, is part of an international trend with a shift towards more knowledge-based curricula, to bring knowledge and in-depth learning back to the school. Against this background, this study examines new Norwegian textbooks in social studies for schools. The analysis is based on a social realist framework, which combines semantics and content analysis and reveals major differences in the design of the textbooks. A distinction is made between epistemic and nonepistemic design, and this study shows that the absence of an epistemic structure is a problem that haunts new textbooks in social studies. When textbooks lack a design that connects subject concepts, content, and competencies, students will not get access to epistemic knowledge, something which creates barriers to in-depth learning and cumulative knowledge building in the subject.
A Comprehensive Study on Metaverse and Its Impacts on Humans
Authors: Bale Ajay Sudhir , Ghorpade Naveen , Hashim Muhammed Furqaan , Vaishnav Jatin , Almaspoor Zahra
Published: September 2022

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) have revolutionized technology and taken the world by storm. They established the foundation for numerous future innovations. Virtual and augmented reality are now widely employed to improve user experiences in various areas. Over time, more and more companies and businesses have begun to use this cutting-edge technology to improve their products and services. Recently, the attention to VR and AR has exploded with the concept “Metaverse” surfacing in mainstream media. Many major companies have already set their goals in motion and are working on building the core of their metaverses. This review paper focuses on explaining the concept of the metaverse, its history, and its associated benefits. Through a survey, it helps understand people’s concerns with the metaverse and how it can impact and affect humans mentally, physically, and psychologically. The analysis of this paper can help humans prepare themselves for what the new technologies have to offer, in addition to assisting companies in building a flawless metaverse.
Advances in Latest Application Status, Challenges, and Future Development Direction of Electrospinning Technology in the Biomedical
Authors: Wang Yimin , Lu Siming , Zheng Jiayong , Liang Liguo
Published: September 2022

In recent years, nanotechnology has attracted much attention in the field of biomedicine and sensing technology. As one of the simplest and most effective methods to prepare nanofiber materials, electrospinning technology has a lot of application research in biomedical fields such as sensor detection, drug delivery, and tissue engineering because of its high porosity, large surface area to volume ratio, and uniform size. In this review, we summarized the latest application progress of electrospinning materials in biomedicine, sensing, and textile industry and discussed the challenges and future development direction of electrospinning technology.
The Evaluation of Xiaozeng Qianggu Tablets for Treating Postmenopausal Osteoporosis via up-Regulated Autophagy
Authors: Wu Mingquan , Lai Huabing , Deng Qing , Peng Xi , Shen Jingshou , Zhou Xu , Peng Wei , Zhu Liyang , Tu He , Li Xia
Published: September 2022

Objective. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common age-associated disease in the life course. Clinically, Xiaozeng Qianggu Tablets (XQT) have a potent therapeutic effect on the PMOP. However, the bioactive components and the mechanism of XQT underlying the PMOP treatment were unclear and it should be explored to discover the scientific connotation in traditional medical practice. Methods. The components in XQT were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The animal model of PMOP was established by surgical ovariectomy in the female Sprague-Dawley rats. After treatment of XQT, the therapeutic effect was assessed by the determination of bone metabolism biomarkers in serum and histopathological examination. The effect of XQT on the autophagy and bone micro-situation were tested using western blot, RT-qPCR, and transmission electron microscope. Results. There were 27 compounds identified in XQT, including catalpol, monotropein, verbascoside, cryptochlorogenic acid, 5,7-dihydroxychromone 7-rutinoside, biorobin, and so on. The bone metabolism markers (alkaline phosphatase, bone alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type I intact N-terminal propeptide, cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) were significantly increased in the PMOP rats and reversed by XQT administration. Moreover, the width of bone trabeculae and the ratio of the area of calcium deposition to bone trabeculae were also improved after treating the middle dose of XQT. Meanwhile, the bone micro-structure was improved by XQT. The mRNA and protein expression of unc-51 like kinase 1, beclin-1, and microtubule-associated protein 1B-light chain 3 in PMOP rats were down-regulated and up-regulated by XQT administration. Conclusions. The compounds in XQT, including catalpol, monotropein, verbascoside cryptochlorogenic acid, and so on, were valuable for further pharmacy evaluation. The pathological changes and bone micro-structure were improved by XQT, and the down-regulated autophagy level was also restored, which suggested a potent effect of XQT on treating PMOP, corresponding to its clinic use.
On Class Difference in Educational Aspirations and Educational Expectations: A CUCDS‐Based Social Analysis
Authors: Yan Bohan , Cai Ning
Published: September 2022

Educational aspirations under an ideal state and educational expectations based on reality have an important impact on children’s academic development, but distinct differences between them exist. On the basis of distinguishing the differences between the two, using the national data of Tsinghua University’s China Urbanization and Child Development Survey (CUCDS), this article endeavors to explore the inequality of educational aspirations and expectations from the perspective of class and urban‐rural areas, and lay out the influencing factors of educational aspirations, expectations, and the difference between them. It is found that Chinese parents generally have high aspirations for their children’s education. There is no distinct class difference in “high hopes for children’s bright future.” However, in the sense of educational expectations, there are distinct class differences, which are deeply rooted in socioeconomic status and closely related to education level, family type, family structure, and family economic status, as well as children’s academic performance.
Identification of Potential Diuretic and Laxative Drug Candidates from Avicennia officinalis L. Bark through In Vivo Mice Model Studies and In Vitro Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Docking Analysis
Authors: Islam Md. Nazmul , Hasan Md. Fahim , Dey Aishwarja , Bokshi Bishwajit , Das Asish Kumar , Sadhu Samir Kumar , Biswas Nripendra Nath
Published: September 2022

Background. Avicennia officinalis is a medicinal plant that has traditionally been used as a diuretic, anti-infective, and antiasthmatic. Our investigation was designed to explore the diuretic and laxative potentials of different fractions of this plant’s bark extract as well as the identification of possible drug candidates for the activity. Methods. Collected bark was extracted in ethanol and fractionated in different polar and nonpolar solvents, i.e., water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. Phytoconstituents were identified following the published protocols and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the diuretic test, Na+ and K+ ions were measured using a flame photometer whereas the Cl− ion content was measured by titrimetric method against AgNO3. In the laxative test, feces amount and consistency were also measured. Molecular docking analysis was conducted using the “Vina Wizard” program in PyRx-Python Prescription 0.8. Results. Phytochemical analysis indicated that alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids were detected in the most bioactive crude extracts, whereas alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and gums were found in bioactive n-hexane fraction and steroids, glycosides, and terpenoids were found positive in chloroform fraction. Almost all the fractions demonstrated a dose-dependent increment of stool production with a soft consistency; however, the chloroform fraction was found to be the most active (

p

 < 0.001). The crude extract and n-hexane fractions significantly increased (

p

 < 0.01) the urinary output at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg. The concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl− in collected urine were found to be more compared with the control group. The GC-MS analysis identified seven compounds in bioactive n-hexane fraction (phenolic and ester-type mainly) whereas seven other compounds (acidic and ester-type mainly) were identified in chloroform fraction. In molecular docking, two drug candidates of this extract (2,4-bis(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol and 2-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1,1-diphenylethyl]phenyl]-2-phenylacetic acid) showed excellent binding affinity with the receptor compared with furosemide. Conclusion. A. officinalis bark might be a potential source of bioactive compounds for treating hypertension, edema, and constipation.
Applications of Two Methods in Exact Wave Solutions in the Space-Time Fractional Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilson System
Authors: Miri Eskandari Elahe , Taghizadeh Nasir
Published: September 2022

The fractional differential equations (FDEs) are ubiquitous in mathematically oriented scientific fields, such as physics and engineering. Therefore, FDEs have been the focus of many studies due to their frequent appearance in several applications such as physics, engineering, signal processing, systems identification, sound, heat, diffusion, electrostatics and fluid mechanics, and other sciences. The perusal of these nonlinear physical models through wave solutions analysis, corresponding to their FDEs, has a dynamic role in applied sciences. In this paper, the exp-function method and the rational

G

′

/
G

-expansion method are presented to establish the exact wave solutions of the space-time fractional Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilson system in the sense of the conformable fractional derivative. The fractional Drinfeld–Sokolov–Wilson system contains fractional derivatives of the unknown function in terms of all independent variables. This system describes the shallow water wave models in fluid mechanics. These presented methods are a powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear conformable fractional evolution equations in various fields of applied sciences, especially in physics.
Investigation and Analysis of the Status Quo of Social Organization Standards in Chinese Civil Astronautics Field
Authors: Wu Linfeng , Liu Peng
Published: September 2022

China has realized that it is difficult to establish enough standards to meet the market demand in some innovative fields by relying on government standards alone. The social organization standards developed by non-governmental organizations and social organizations are developing rapidly. This paper analyzes the current development and existing problems of social organization standards in the field of Chinese civil astronautics, takes the data of the national social organization standards information platform as the research object, and conducts mining and key analysis by extracting important data such as standard type, standard publication and implementation time, and standard disclosure, put forward suggestions to strengthen the building of social organization standardization capabilities, improve public recognition, and promote the development of technology in the field of civil astronautics in China.
Demonstrating and Investigating the Mechanical Strength of Solar Cells
Authors: Raj V. Ravi , Priya R. Krishna , Bindu K. V. , Prabhu N. , Madhavarao S. , Ramkumar G. , Seikh A. H. , Siddique M. H. , Anbese Endalkachew Mergia
Published: September 2022

This study reports on the silicon photovoltaic cells with such an alumina metallization. The photovoltaic cell’s silicon component was subjected to an effective stress studied using a simulation model built with this information. In order to evaluate the efficiency of photovoltaic cells on both sides, as well as in two distinct orientations, a four-point bending experiment analysis was carried out using the model. The side and direction of loading have a significant impact on both strength and fracture. There is tensile stress going perpendicularly along the busbars; the back side of the test specimen had the lowest measured strength.
Effect of Nonsurgical Spinal Decompression on Intensity of Pain and Herniated Disc Volume in Subacute Lumbar Herniated Disc
Authors: Choi Eunjoo , Gil Ho Young , Ju Jiyoun , Han Woong Ki , Nahm Francis Sahngun , Lee Pyung-Bok
Published: September 2022

Objective. Nonsurgical spinal decompression therapy (NSDT) is a conservative treatment for the lumbosacral herniated intervertebral disc (L-HIVD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the NSDT and change in disc volume through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in subacute L-HIVD. Methods. Sixty patients with subacute L-HIVD were randomized into either the decompression group (group D, n = 30) or the nondecompression group (group N, n = 30). In group D, NSDT was performed ten times in eight weeks. In group N, pseudodecompression therapy (no force) was performed with the same protocol. Lower back and lower leg pain intensities and functional improvements were measured by the visual analog scale and the Korean Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI). The change in the lumbosacral disc herniation index (HI) was evaluated through a follow-up MRI three months after the therapy. Results. The lower leg pain intensity in group D was lower than that in group N at two months (

p
=
0.028

). Additionally, there were significantly lower K-ODI scores in group D at two and three months (

p
=
0.023
,
0.019

) than in group N. The change in HI after the therapy was −27.6 ± 27.5 (%) in group D and −7.1 ± 24.9 (%) in group N, with a significant difference (

p
=
0.017

). Approximately 26.9% of patients in group D and no patients in group N showed over 50% reduction in HI (

p
=
0.031

). Conclusion. NSDT may be a suitable treatment option for conservative treatment of subacute L-HIVD.
Antiparasitic Effects of Asteraceae Species Extracts on Echinococcus granulosus s.s
Authors: Albani C. M. , Borgo J. , Fabbri J. , Pensel P. , Paladini A. , Beer M. F. , Laurella L. , Elso O. , Farias N. , Elissondo N. , Gambino G. , Sülsen V. , Elissondo M. C.
Published: September 2022

Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), which is worldwide distributed and causes long-lasting infections in animals and humans. The existing treatment is limited to the use of benzimidazoles, mainly albendazole (ABZ). However, it has unwanted side effects and its efficacy is about 50%. The Asteraceae family includes plants that have therapeutic applications (medicinal species) and has an important role in new drug development. The species belonging to a different genus of this family show a wide range of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and antiparasitic activities, among others. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of extracts of four Asteraceae species against protoscoleces of E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.). On the other hand, the Stevia aristata extract was assessed on the murine cyst of E. granulosus (s.s.) and the efficacy of S. aristata extract was investigated in a murine model of CE. Stevia satureiifolia, S. aristata, Grindelia pulchella, and G. chiloensis extracts at 100 μg/mL caused a decrease in protoscoleces viability; however, S. aristata extract produced the greatest in vitro protoscolicidal effect. After 20 days of treatment with the highest concentration (100 μg/mL) of S. aristata extract, protoscoleces viability decreased to 0%. The tegumental changes observed by scanning electron microscopy were consistent with the reduction in vitality. The collapse of the germinal layer was registered in 60 ± 5.8% and 83.3 ± 12.0% of cysts treated during 4 days with 50 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of the S. aristata extract against E. granulosus (s.s.) cysts was 47.86 μg/mL (96 h). The dosage of infected animals with the 50 mg kg−1 dose of S. aristata extract resulted in a significant reduction in cyst weight in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, S. aristata extract was demonstrated to exert a marked effect, both in vitro and in the murine model.
Fusion Attention Mechanism for Foreground Detection Based on Multiscale U-Net Architecture
Authors: Liu Peng , Feng Junying , Sang Jianli , Kim Yong Kwan
Published: September 2022

Foreground detection is a classic video processing task, widely used in video surveillance and other fields, and is the basic step of many computer vision tasks. The scene in the real world is complex and changeable, and it is difficult for traditional unsupervised methods to accurately extract foreground targets. Based on deep learning theory, this paper proposes a foreground detection method based on the multiscale U-Net architecture with a fusion attention mechanism. The attention mechanism is introduced into the U-Net multiscale architecture through skip connections, causing the network model to pay more attention to the foreground objects, suppressing irrelevant background regions, and improving the learning ability of the model. We conducted experiments and evaluations on the CDnet-2014 dataset. The proposed model inputs a single RGB image and only utilizes spatial information, with an overall F-measure of 0.9785. The input of multiple images is fused, and the overall F-measure can reach 0.9830 by using spatiotemporal information. Especially in the Low Framerate category, the F-measure exceeds the current state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed method.
Correlation of Serum CA242, CA724, and TPA Levels with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Complicated with Rectal Cancer
Authors: Liang Hongliang , Yang Xi
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the correlation of serum cancer antigen 242 (CA242), cancer antigen 72-4 (CA724), and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) levels with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) complicated with rectal cancer. Methods. The data of 120 patients with IBD were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the IBD group (without rectal cancer,

n
=
60

) and the rectal cancer group (with rectal cancer,

n
=
60

), and 60 healthy individuals receiving medical examination during the same period were selected as the healthy group. Serum CA242, CA724, and TPA levels of research subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, the clinical data of the patients were collected. The patients were followed up for 3 years and divided into the survival group and the dead group. The relationship between the levels of CA242, CA724, TPA, and prognosis was tested. Results. Significant differences were found in the serum CA242, CA724, and TPA levels among three groups (

P
<
0.001

). CA242 was related to tumor size, histological stage, growth mode, and TNM stage in patients with IBD and rectal cancer. CA724 was related to histological stage, growth mode, depth of tumor invasion (T stage), lymph node metastasis (N stage), distant metastasis (M stage), and TNM stage in patients with IBD and rectal cancer. TPA was related to histological stage, T stage, M stage, and TNM stage in patients with IBD and rectal cancer. Serum CA242, CA724, and TPA levels in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the dead group after 3 years (

P
<
0.001

). As for the combined prediction of serum CA242, CA724, and TPA for patients’ prognosis, the confidence interval was 0.000-1.000, AUC was 0.875, standard error was 0.093, and sensitivity was 0.750. Conclusion. Serum CA242, CA724, and TPA levels are closely related to the clinicopathological features such as location, stage, and metastasis of rectal cancer. The combined detection of serum CA242, CA724, and TPA levels has a significant correlation with the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer, which can be used in monitoring the disease progression.
Simultaneous Process Mining of Process Events and Operator Actions for Alarm Management
Authors: Bántay László , Dörgö Gyula , Tandari Ferenc , Abonyi János
Published: September 2022

Alarm management is an important task to ensure the safety of industrial process technologies. A well‐designed alarm system can reduce the workload of operators parallel with the support of the production, which is in line with the approach of Industry 5.0. Using Process Mining tools to explore the operator‐related event scenarios requires a goal‐oriented log file format that contains the start and the end of the alarms along with the triggered operator actions. The key contribution of the work is that a method is presented that transforms the historical event data of control systems into goal‐oriented log files used as inputs of process mining algorithms. The applicability of the proposed process mining‐based method is presented concerning the analysis of a hydrofluoric acid alkylation plant. The detailed application examples illustrate how the extracted process models can be interpreted and utilized. The results confirm that applying the tools of process mining in alarm management requires a goal‐oriented log‐file design.
Development of an Efficient and Secured E-Voting Mobile Application Using Android
Authors: Sherine Anli , Peter Geno , Stonier Albert Alexander , Leh Ping Desmond Wong , Praghash K. , Ganji Vivekananda
Published: September 2022

Smart technologies, particularly the development of the Internet, are employed to enhance the quality of human existence. Thanks to the Internet’s explosive expansion, more and more tasks can now be completed quickly and easily compared to the earlier times. E-voting is a relatively recent field that has been identified. Voting can be conducted in a variety of methods, including in person at a polling place, online, and via a mobile application. The security of applications cannot be disregarded given the internet’s explosive growth. In order to prevent phishing attacks, we created an Android application and included a 3-step security process before voting. Students can now vote online from any location at any time using a mobile device. Android Studio is used to create and deploy the application. While creating the voting application, this research adheres to the software development life cycle. The result of this research is the creation of a mobile application that is user-friendly for students and serves as a practical tool for letting them vote with three levels of security.