bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Mortality in Light Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis with Heart Failure
Authors: Tahir Usman A. , Doros Gheorghe , Kim John S. , Connors Lawreen H. , Seldin David C. , Sam Flora
Published: June 2019

Cardiac involvement in systemic amyloidosis (AL) occurs in ~50% of all AL patients. However once symptomatic heart failure develops, therapeutic options are limited thereby conferring a poor overall prognosis. The median survival is <6 months when AL patients are untreated for the underlying plasma cell dyscrasia. We thus sought to identify risk factors of increased mortality in treatment-naïve, AL cardiac amyloidosis with heart failure. Patients with biopsy-proven AL cardiac amyloid, who presented with heart failure and did not received prior AL treatment, were enrolled between 2004–2014, at the initial visit to the Amyloidosis Center at Boston University Medical Center. Routine laboratory tests, physical examination and echocardiography data were collected. There were 165 predominantly white (76.4%), and male (61%) patients, with a mean age of 61.6 ± 9.5 years. Median survival was 10.9 months (95% CI 6.2–14.7). By multivariate analysis increased relative wall thickness (RWT) [HR 6.70; 95% CI 2.45–18.30), older age (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.06), higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (HR 1.50; 95% CI 1.02–2.2), log brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.15–1.81) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (HR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.04) were significant predictors for increased mortality. In conclusion, in treatment-naïve, AL cardiac amyloidosis patients with heart failure symptoms who lack these high-risk features may have a better outcome. These findings might allow for better risk stratification although outcomes are still poor.
Differential activity of the antioxidant defence system and alterations in the accumulation of osmolyte and reactive oxygen species under drought stress and recovery in rice (Oryza sativa L.) tillering
Authors: Wang Xinpeng , Liu Hualong , Yu Fengli , Hu Bowen , Jia Yan , Sha Hanjing , Zhao Hongwei
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of drought stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic adjustment substance content in the tillering period of drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant rice cultivars. The results showed that the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase activity (CAT), hydrogen peroxide content, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content increased with the accumulation of time and intensity of drought stress. Compared with the drought-sensitive cultivar, drought-resistant cultivar had a smaller photosynthetic affected area, longer CAT enzyme activity duration, and lower H2O2 accumulation. Unlike POD and CAT enzymes, which maintain the ability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide under long drought conditions, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes seem to be a rapid response mechanism to scavenge hydrogen peroxide under drought stress. Under a −10 kPa water potential, using soluble sugars on the osmotic adjustment ability of the drought-resistant cultivars was more efficient; under −40 kPa water potential, drought-resistant cultivars can maintain relative high levels of ascorbate (ASA) content in the short term. After the restoration of irrigation, the indices gradually returned to control levels. The ASA content showed faster accumulation ability in drought-resistant cultivars and faster recovery. The soluble protein content recovered more slowly in drought-sensitive cultivars under the −40 kPa treatment. Drought-resistant cultivars showed stronger resistance to drought in the −10 kPa treatment and obtained similar yield to the control, while the drought-sensitive cultivars were more obviously affected by the drought stress.
High-throughput Discovery of Topologically Non-trivial Materials using Spin-orbit Spillage
Authors: Choudhary Kamal , Garrity Kevin F. , Tavazza Francesca
Published: June 2019

We present a novel methodology to identify topologically non-trivial materials based on band inversion induced by spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect. Specifically, we compare the density functional theory (DFT) based wavefunctions with and without spin-orbit coupling and compute the ‘spin-orbit-spillage’ as a measure of band-inversion. Due to its ease of calculation, without any need for symmetry analysis or dense k-point interpolation, the spillage is an excellent tool for identifying topologically non-trivial materials. Out of 30000 materials available in the JARVIS-DFT database, we applied this methodology to more than 4835 non-magnetic materials consisting of heavy atoms and low bandgaps. We found 1868 candidate materials with high-spillage (using 0.5 as a threshold). We validated our methodology by carrying out conventional Wannier-interpolation calculations for 289 candidate materials. We demonstrate that in addition to Z2 topological insulators, this screening method successfully identified many semimetals and topological crystalline insulators. Importantly, our approach is applicable to the investigation of disordered or distorted as well as magnetic materials, because it is not based on symmetry considerations. We discuss some individual example materials, as well as trends throughout our dataset, which is available at the websites: https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~knc6/JVASP.html and https://jarvis.nist.gov/.
Publisher Correction: Ubiquitous transient stagnant domain formation during thermal convection in a well-mixed two component fluid with large viscosity difference
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya U. , Kurita Rei
Published: June 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Imperfections and their passivation in halide perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Bo , Rudd Peter N. , Yang Shuang , Yuan Yongbo , Huang Jinsong
Published: June 2019

Perovskite solar cells to date are made of polycrystalline films which contain a high density of defects. Imperfection passivation to reduce non-radiative recombination and suppress ion migration could improve device efficiency and device stability.
Non-spherical polymersomes: formation and characterization
Authors: Wong Chin Ken , Stenzel Martina H. , Thordarson Pall
Published: June 2019

This tutorial review summarizes recent efforts over the past decade to study the morphological transformation of conventionally spherical polymersomes into non-spherical polymersomes.
Post-synthetic modification of covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Segura José L. , Royuela Sergio , Mar Ramos M.
Published: June 2019

This review is aimed at providing an in-depth understanding of the potential of post-synthetic strategies for the modification of covalent organic frameworks.
A label-free and ultrasensitive DNA impedimetric sensor with enzymatic and electrical dual-amplification
Authors: Cao Shuo-Hui , Li Lun-Hui , Wei Wen-Yin , Feng Ye , Jiang Wen-Long , Wang Jiang-Li , Zhang Xiao-Ping , Cai Shu-Hui , Chen Zhong
Published: June 2019

Combined with exonuclease III, electrochemically reduced graphene oxide could be a desirable platform to amplify impedimetric changes for ultrasensitive DNA detection.
Serum-based differentiation between multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Random Forest classification of FTIR spectra
Authors: El Khoury Youssef , Collongues Nicolas , De Sèze Jérôme , Gulsari Vildan , Patte-Mensah Christine , Marcou Gilles , Varnek Alexandre , Mensah-Nyagan Ayikoé Guy , Hellwig Petra
Published: June 2019

The differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is challenging. Random forest classification of infrared spectra of serum samples offers a promising discrimination rate between the two diseases.
Chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles incorporating IFN-γ for immune response modulation in the context of colorectal cancer
Authors: Castro Flávia , Pinto Marta L. , Almeida Rui , Pereira Flávia , Silva Andreia M. , Pereira Catarina L. , Santos Susana G. , Barbosa Mário A. , Gonçalves Raquel M. , Oliveira Maria J.
Published: June 2019

This work highlights the potential synergistic effect of chitosan/γ-PGA nanoparticles with immunomodulatory cytokines, like IFN-γ, for anticancer therapy.
Promotion of Appel-type reactions by N-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Hussein Mohanad A. , Nguyen Thanh Vinh
Published: June 2019

N-Heterocyclic carbenes are found to mediate the Appel-type dehydrative halogenation reaction.
High gravimetric and volumetric sodium storage in a functionalized coal-based microcrystal/CNT binder-free electrode
Authors: Miao Siyu , Zhao Hanqing , Kang Mengmeng , Shen Hanting , Song Wei , Zhao Dan , Ye Jianqi , Li Zhong
Published: June 2019

High gravimetric and volumetric sodium storage has been achieved in a coal-based microcrystal/CNT binder-free electrode using multifunctional oxygen groups.
Tin-based nanomaterials: colloidal synthesis and battery applications
Authors: Zhao Xixia , Yang Qi , Quan Zewei
Published: June 2019

This Feature Article summarizes the recent advances in the colloidal synthesis of tin-based nanomaterials and their electrochemical properties in alkali-ion batteries.
The oxygen evolution reaction enabled by transition metal phosphide and chalcogenide pre-catalysts with dynamic changes
Authors: Li Wei , Xiong Dehua , Gao Xuefei , Liu Lifeng
Published: June 2019

Dynamic morphological, structural and compositional changes will occur when transition metal phosphides and chalcogenides are used to catalyze the oxygen evolution reaction, which can substantially enhance their electrocatalytic performance.
Electrochemically stimulated molecule release associated with interfacial pH changes
Authors: Bellare Madhura , Kadambar Vasantha Krishna , Bollella Paolo , Katz Evgeny , Melman Artem
Published: June 2019

Molecular release was activated with an electrochemical signal, resulting in the hydrolysis of a linker.
Fused selenophene-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene–selenophene (ST)-based narrow-bandgap electron acceptor for efficient organic solar cells with small voltage loss
Authors: Liao Xunfan , Shi Xueliang , Zhang Ming , Gao Ke , Zuo Lijian , Liu Feng , Chen Yiwang , Jen Alex K.-Y.
Published: June 2019

A novel NIR-light-absorbing fused-ring electron acceptor, STIC, was successfully developed for organic solar cells and achieved a PCE of 9.68%.
Tris(dimethylamino)silylium ion: structure and reactivity of a dimeric silaguanidinium
Authors: Kramer Nina , Wadepohl Hubert , Greb Lutz
Published: June 2019

The formal dimer of an elusive silaguanidinium ion is described. It undergoes spontaneous electrophilic aromatic silylation of electron rich π-systems.
Stereospecific assembly of tetrahydroquinolines via tandem ring-opening/oxidative cyclization of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes with N-alkyl anilines
Authors: Ketan Das Bijay , Pradhan Sourav , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: June 2019

Dual role Cu-catalyzed stereospecific construction of tetrahydroquinolines has been presented with N-alkyl anilines and cyclopropanes. The use of air as an oxidant, the substrate scope and the high enantiomeric purities are the important practical features.
Site- and structure-specific characterization ofN-glycoprotein markers of MCF-7 cancer stem cells using isotopic-labelling quantitativeN-glycoproteomics
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Feifei , Xiao Kaijie , Chen Yun , Tian Zhixin
Published: June 2019

High-throughput proteome-level characterization of stemness markers of MCF-7 cancer stem cells was carried out using our recently developed site- and structure-specific isotopic-labelled quantitativeN-glycoproteomics pipeline.
Highly selective metallogel from 4-biphenylcarboxy capped diphenylalanine and FeCl3
Authors: Sasmal Supriya , Maji Krishnendu , Díaz Díaz David , Haldar Debasish
Published: June 2019

Gelation was observed selectively for FeCl3 and 4-biphenylcarboxy capped diphenylalanine, whereas Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Hg, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Pd complexes as well as Boc and acetyl capped diphenylalanine were not able to form a metallogel.
Multi-slit-type interference in carbon 2s photoionization of polyatomic molecules: from a fundamental effect to structural parameters
Authors: Kushawaha Rajesh K. , Ponzi Aurora , Guillemin Renaud , Travnikova Oksana , Patanen Minna , Nandi Saikat , Goldsztejn Gildas , Journel Loïc , Marchenko Tatiana , Simon Marc , Piancastelli Maria Novella , Decleva Piero
Published: June 2019

Young's double-slit-type interference from coherent electron emission is extended from two to several emitting centers in photoionization of complex polyatomic molecules.
The electrochemical double layer and its impedance behavior in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lück Jessica , Latz Arnulf
Published: June 2019

We investigate the effect of interfacial reaction and transport processes in electrochemical double layers on the impedance of lithium-ion batteries using electrochemical interface modeling.
Self-regeneration of a Ni–Cu alloy catalyst during a three-way catalytic reaction
Authors: Asakura Hiroyuki , Onuki Tetsuo , Hosokawa Saburo , Takagi Nozomi , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Teramura Kentaro , Tanaka Tsunehiro
Published: June 2019

Ni–Cu alloy supported on γ-Al22O3 catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity and durability for a three-way catalytic reaction under both oxidative and reductive conditions because of their self-regenerating feature.
A copper(ii)-coordination polymer based on a sulfonic–carboxylic ligand exhibits high water-facilitated proton conductivity
Authors: Tayade Sakharam B. , lllathvalappil Rajith , Lapalikar Vaidehi , Markad Datta , Kurungot Sreekumar , Pujari Bhalchandra , Kumbhar Avinash S.
Published: June 2019

The coordination polymer {[Cu2(sba)2(bpg)2(H2O)3]·5H2O}n encapsulates arrays of water molecules H-bonded to the framework displaying a high conductivity value of 0.94 × 10−2 S cm−1 with an activation energy of 0.64 eV.
A critical perspective on rechargeable Al-ion battery technology
Authors: Muñoz-Torrero David , Palma Jesús , Marcilla Rebeca , Ventosa Edgar
Published: June 2019

Efforts should be devoted to lowering the cost of Al-ion batteries, specifically those of electrolytes and current collectors.
Recent advances in electrocatalysts for halogenated organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Liu Yiwen , Wei Wei , Ni Bing-Jie
Published: June 2019

Advanced electrocatalysts for halogenated organic pollutant degradation.
Correction: Isoleucine attenuates infection induced by E. coli challenge through the modulation of intestinal endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression and the inhibition of the increase in plasma endotoxin and IL-6 in weaned pigs
Authors: Ren Man , Cai Shuang , Zhou Tong , Zhang Shihai , Li Shenghe , Jin Erhui , Che Chuanyan , Zeng Xiangfang , Zhang Tao , Qiao Shiyan
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘Isoleucine attenuates infection induced by E. coli challenge through the modulation of intestinal endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression and the inhibition of the increase in plasma endotoxin and IL-6 in weaned pigs’ by Man Ren et al., Food Funct., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00218a.
ONS donor entwined iron(iii) and cobalt(iii) complexes with exemplary safety profile as potent anticancer and glucose uptake agents
Authors: Kongot Manasa , Reddy Dinesh S. , Singh Vishal , Patel Rajan , Singhal Nitin Kumar , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2019

Highly safe, efficacious iron(iii) and cobalt(iii) complexes are found to be effective in vitro anticancer and antidiabetic agents.
Second-order nonlinear optical properties of eight-membered centrosymmetric cyclic borasiloxanes
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Mohan , Viswanathan Thamodharan , David Ezhumalai , Thirumoorthy Krishnan , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. P. , Palanisami Nallasamy
Published: June 2019

SHG efficiencies of eight-membered centrosymmetric cyclic borasiloxanes arise form distorted silicon atom, strong electron withdrawing group and non-covalent interactions in crystal packing.
Potassiumtert-butoxide mediated aerobic hydroxylation of arylboronic acids: an application towards the synthesis of (E)-phenoxy acrylates
Authors: Muhammad Ibrahim , Balakrishnan Madasamy Hari , Sasidharan Manickam , Mannathan Subramaniyan
Published: June 2019

The first example of potassiumtert-butoxide mediated aerobic hydroxylation of arylboronic acids affording phenols is described.
Synergy and antagonism in natural product extracts: when 1 + 1 does not equal 2
Authors: Caesar Lindsay K. , Cech Nadja B.
Published: June 2019

This report documents the cellular, molecular, and analytical methods used to identify combination effects in complex natural product mixtures.
Total syntheses of the bilirubin oxidation end product Z-BOX C and its isomeric form Z-BOX D
Authors: Schulze Daniel , Traber Juliane , Ritter Marcel , Görls Helmar , Pohnert Georg , Westerhausen Matthias
Published: June 2019

The bilirubin degradation product BOX C has been detected in human bile. The total synthesis of this biomolecule allows an extensive characterization including elucidation of its X-ray structure.
Metal-free oxidative trifluoromethylselenolation of electron-rich (hetero)arenes with the readily available [Me4N][SeCF3] reagent
Authors: Han Qiu-Yan , Zhao Cheng-Long , Dong Tao , Shi Jin , Tan Kai-Li , Zhang Cheng-Pan
Published: June 2019

The first oxidative trifluoromethylselenolation of nucleophilic (hetero)arenes with the nucleophilic [Me4N][SeCF3] salt under transition-metal-free conditions is described.
Peraryl-X-onium ions of nitrogen and oxygen
Authors: Lu Mengsi , Allemann Oliver , Xu Jun , Linden Anthony , Baldridge Kim K. , Siegel Jay S.
Published: June 2019

Carbon fluorine bond activation produces phenyl cations that are effective electrophiles for a new synthesis of tetraarylammonium and triaryloxonium ions. In parallel with diazonium salt decomposition a robust and general method to these underrepresented cations is demonstrated in this work.
Zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for efficient and selective removal of organic dyes
Authors: Rehman Tanzil Ur , Shah Luqman Ali , Khan Mansoor , Irfan Muhammad , Khattak Noor Saeed
Published: June 2019

A novel zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer hydrogel [ZI-SAH] was synthesized by free radical polymerization and used for the removal of crystal violet (CV) and congo red (CR) from an aqueous medium.
Photochromic transparent wood for photo-switchable smart window applications
Authors: Wang Lihong , Liu Yanjun , Zhan Xiyun , Luo Dan , Sun Xiaowei
Published: June 2019

Transparent wood with high optical transmittance, excellent thermal insulation and high toughness has attracted significant attention as an energy-saving building material.
AMP-activated protein kinase complexes containing the β2 regulatory subunit are up-regulated during and contribute to adipogenesis
Authors: Katwan Omar J. , Alghamdi Fatmah , Almabrouk Tarek A. , Mancini Sarah J. , Kennedy Simon , Oakhill Jonathan S. , Scott John W. , Salt Ian P.
Published: June 2019

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimer of α-catalytic and β- and γ-regulatory subunits that acts to regulate cellular and whole-body nutrient metabolism. The key role of AMPK in sensing energy status has led to significant interest in AMPK as a therapeutic target for dysfunctional metabolism in type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity. Despite the actions of AMPK in the liver and skeletal muscle being extensively studied, the role of AMPK in adipose tissue and adipocytes remains less well characterised. Small molecules that selectively influence AMPK heterotrimers containing specific AMPKβ subunit isoforms have been developed, including MT47-100, which selectively inhibits complexes containing AMPKβ2. AMPKβ1 and AMPKβ2 are the principal AMPKβ subunit isoforms in rodent liver and skeletal muscle, respectively, yet the contribution of specific AMPKβ isoforms to adipose tissue function, however, remains largely unknown. This study therefore sought to determine the contribution of AMPKβ subunit isoforms to adipocyte biology, focussing on adipogenesis. AMPKβ2 was the principal AMPKβ isoform in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, isolated rodent adipocytes and human subcutaneous adipose tissue, as assessed by the contribution to total cellular AMPK activity. Down-regulation of AMPKβ2 with siRNA inhibited lipid accumulation, cellular adiponectin levels and adiponectin secretion during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, whereas down-regulation of AMPKβ1 had no effect. Incubation of 3T3-L1 cells with MT47-100 selectively inhibited AMPK complexes containing AMPKβ2 whilst simultaneously inhibiting cellular lipid accumulation as well as cellular levels and secretion of adiponectin. Taken together, these data indicate that increased expression of AMPKβ2 is an important feature of efficient adipogenesis.
DEK terminates diapause by activation of quiescent cells in the crustacean Artemia
Authors: Jia Wen-Huan , Li An-Qi , Feng Jing-Yi , Ding Yan-Fu , Ye Sen , Yang Jin-Shu , Yang Wei-Jun
Published: June 2019

To cope with harsh environments, the Artemia shrimp produces gastrula embryos in diapause, a state of obligate dormancy, having cellular quiescence and suppressed metabolism. The mechanism behind these cellular events remains largely unknown. Here, we study the regulation of cell quiescence using diapause embryos of Artemia. We found that Artemia DEK (Ar-DEK), a nuclear factor protein, was down-regulated in the quiescent cells of diapause embryos and enriched in the activated cells of post-diapause embryos. Knockdown of Ar-DEK induced the production of diapause embryos whereas the control Artemia released free-swimming nuaplii. Our results indicate that Ar-DEK correlated with the termination of cellular quiescence via the increase in euchromatin and decrease in heterochromatin. The phenomena of quiescence have many implications beyond shrimp ecology. In cancer cells, for example, knockdown of DEK also induced a short period of cellular quiescence and increased resistance to environmental stress in MCF-7 and MKN45 cancer cell lines. Analysis of RNA sequences in Artemia and in MCF-7 revealed that the Wnt and AURKA signaling pathways were all down-regulated and the p53 signaling pathway was up-regulated upon inhibition of DEK expression. Our results provide insight into the functions of Ar-DEK in the activation of cellular quiescence during diapause formation in Artemia.
Catalytic mechanism of UDP-glucose dehydrogenase
Authors: Chen Jun , Yang Shulin
Published: June 2019

UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH), an oxidoreductase, catalyzes the NAD+-dependent four-electron oxidation of UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid. The catalytic mechanism of UGDH remains controversial despite extensive investigation and is classified into two types according to whether an aldehyde intermediate is generated in the first oxidation step. The first type, which involves the presence of this putative aldehyde, is inconsistent with some experimental findings. In contrast, the second type, which indicates that the first oxidation step bypasses the aldehyde via an NAD+-dependent bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction, is consistent with the experimental phenomena, including those that cannot be explained by the first type. This NAD+-dependent SN2 mechanism is thus more reasonable and likely applicable to other oxidoreductases that catalyze four-electron oxidation reactions.
Learning‐based secure communication against active eavesdropper in dynamic environment
Authors: He Dongxuan , Wang Hua , Zhou He
Published: June 2019

In this study, the authors propose a learning‐based approach to improve the security of the authors' considered communication system in a dynamic environment, where a source transmits information to a legitimate receiver in the presence of an active eavesdropper. Additionally, they assume that the source has to harvest energy from the environment to support its communication. Due to the dynamic of the environment, both the harvested energy and the channel vary over time, requiring a dynamic transmission strategy that follows the changes. In order to improve the security performance, they first analyse how to select the optimal transmission parameters in hindsight, and then they propose to combine the Q‐learning algorithm and the expert advice method to maximise the cumulative reward in the dynamic environment. They also introduce an improved learning‐based approach, which accelerates the convergence of their approach. The simulation results show that their proposed learning‐based approach helps the legitimate nodes learn a beneficial transmission strategy to obtain a larger cumulative reward.
Total contribution score and fuzzy entropy based two‐stage selection of FC, ReLU and inverseReLU features of multiple convolution neural networks for erythrocytes detection
Authors: Banerjee Sriparna , Chaudhuri Sheli Sinha
Published: June 2019

The proposed system aims at automatic erythrocytes detection using ensemble of selected features of multiple convolution neural networks (CNNs) to overcome the shortcomings of existing works arising due to the highly overlapping characteristics of handcrafted features. The main merit of this work lies in the proposed two‐stage feature selection algorithm, which completely eliminates the chances of information loss inherent in traditional CNNs, occurring due to the suppression of negative values of features by rectified linear unit (ReLU) and also largely reduces the feature dimensionality. Moreover, it is the first algorithm proposed, which is capable of selectively suppressing the positive or negative values or none of each feature depending upon its respective significance in classification, in contrary to the previously proposed variants of ReLU. Firstly, it constructs a feature space for each CNN by performing inter‐selection among its Fully connected, ReLU and InverseReLU features and selecting features possessing minimum Fuzzy Entropy and maximum newly formulated Total Contribution Score values simultaneously. Secondly, it performs intra‐selection within each selected feature space, eliminating less significant features which simultaneously satisfy the redundancy and non‐relevancy criteria stated here. Finally, by performing detection using the feature‐ensemble, this method registers 98.6% mAP, proving its excellence over existing works.
Deep anticipation: lightweight intelligent mobile sensing for unmanned vehicles in IoT by recurrent architecture
Authors: Chen Guang , Liu Shu , Ren Kejia , Qu Zhongnan , Fu Changhong , Hinz Gereon , Knoll Alois
Published: June 2019

Integrating Internet of things (IoT) techniques into automated vehicles has been a vision in intelligent transportation system, there is however seldom researches addressing it. To this end, we envision a scenario: short‐range on‐board sensor perception system attached to individual mobile applications such as vehicles are connected via IoT and transferred to long‐range mobile‐sensing perception system, which can be used as part of a more extensive intelligent system surveilling the environment. However, the mobile sensing perception brings new challenges for how to efficiently analyse and intelligently interpret the deluge of IoT data in mission‐critical services. Among these challenges, one bottelneck is the quality of service of IoT communication. In this article, we model the communication challenge as latency, packet delay variation and measurement noise which severely deteriorate the reliability and quality of IoT data. We propose a novel architecture that leverages recurrent neural networks and Kalman filtering to anticipate motions and interactions between objects. The model learns to develop a biased belief between prediction and measurement in different situations. We validate our neural architecture with synthetic and real‐world datasets with noise that mimics the challenges of IoT communications. The proposed neural architecture outperforms state‐of‐the‐art work in both computation time and model complexity.
Flexible dual‐band dual‐polarised CPW‐fed monopole antenna with discrete‐frequency reconfigurability
Authors: Saraswat Kapil , Harish Ayyangar R.
Published: June 2019

A flexible dual‐band dual‐polarised CPW‐fed monopole antenna with discrete‐frequency reconfigurability is presented here. In the proposed antenna, to achieve dual‐band performance, a U‐slot is incorporated within the CPW‐fed monopole. The antenna is fabricated on a flexible and transparent substrate so that it can be used for conformal applications. The effect of antenna bending on its performance is discussed here. Further, the proposed antenna structure is extended to achieve discrete‐frequency reconfigurability. Two p‐i‐n diodes are incorporated within the monopole to achieve reconfigurability of higher band. A simplified equivalent circuit of the reconfigurable antenna is also presented and validated using full wave EM simulation. To validate the proposed structure, dual‐band antenna and discrete frequency reconfigurable antenna have been fabricated and tested.
Inhomogeneous electromagnetic metamaterial design method for improving efficiency and range of wireless power transfer
Authors: An Huilin , Liu Guoqiang , Li Yanhong , Song Jiaxiang , Zhang Chao , Liu Min
Published: June 2019

In the past few years, the limitation of homogeneous electromagnetic metamaterial (EMMM) in magnetic field modulation had been proved by many researches. The introduction of inhomogeneous EMMM (IEMMM) provided a significant progress in improving the range and efficiency of the wireless power transfer system (WPTS). An IEMMM with three kinds of effective permeability came up here. By analysing the effective permeability characteristics of the circular, square, and ‘8’‐shaped coil unit cell and the modulated regulation of magnetic field by negative permeability medium, a two‐dimensional IEMMM with combinations of square and ‘8’‐shaped coil unit cell were studied. The finite element simulation results of WPTS with IEMMM proved an improvement in magnetic field modulation and flux leakage control. In the WPTS, the designed IEMMM is able to improve the power transmission efficiency by up to 28%.
Review of the Early and Middle Jurassic erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Authors: Devillez Julien , Charbonnier Sylvain
Published: June 2019

Erymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are an important component of Mesozoic crustacean faunas in Europe, especially during the Jurassic. The 29 species reported from the Early and Middle Jurassic are the oldest found in Western Europe and North America, and constitute an important part of the evolutionary history of these lobsters. After the review presented here, 24 species are maintained within the genera Eryma Meyer, 1840 (7 species), Palaeastacus Bell, 1850 (5 species), Pustulina Quenstedt, 1858 (2 species) and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928 (9 species). All these species, with the exception of Eryma ventrosum (Meyer, 1835), have a new description and the diagnoses of the genera Eryma, Palaeastacus and Stenodactylina are emended. Four species are transferred to another genus: Palaeastacus numismalis (Oppel, 1862) n. comb., Palaeastacus foersteri (Feldmann, 1979) n. comb. and Stenodactylina guisei (Wright, 1881) were previously assigned to Eryma, and Stenodactylina spinosa (Étallon, 1861) n. comb. was previously assigned to Palaeastacus. Our study shows that Stenodactylina was the most diversified genus in Early – Middle Jurassic, but the fossils of Eryma are more common. Furthermore, Eryma compressum (Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1842) is the emblematic species of Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925 during the end of Early Jurassic and Middle Jurassic in Western Europe (Toarcian – Bathonian). This species includes now Eryma bedeltum (Quenstedt, 1858) in its synonymy. The genus Pustulina is very rare and the specimens show some characteristics on their carapace recalling other erymid genera (an almost sinuous hepatic groove for example), that are absent in more recent species. Finally, we point out that only E. compressum, P. foersteri and Stenodactylina walkerae (Feldmann and Haggart, 2008) are reported outside Europe.
Effect of underground salty mine water on the rotifer communities in the Bolina River (Upper Silesia, Southern Poland)
Authors: Halabowski Dariusz , Bielańska-Grajner Irena , Lewin Iga
Published: June 2019

The research was carried out in the Bolina River, which is the most anthropogenically saline river in Europe, from 2017 to 2018. This river flows through the highly industrialised and urbanised part of Upper Silesia (Poland). The aims of our survey were to analyse the structure of the rotifer communities and to determine the most important environmental factors that have a significant impact on their structure in a river under the influence of underground salty mine water discharge. According to a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), the rotifer communities in the Bolina River are affected by electrical conductivity, the temperature of the water and the concentration of phosphates. An increase in the electrical conductivity (salinity) in the lower course, which was the result of salty mine water discharge into the Bolina River, was reflected by a decrease in the median density, the number of rotifer taxa and the Shannon–Wiener indexH′. The Bolina River is a unique habitat for halophilic rotifers as well as a site of the occurrence of rotifers that can also develop in winter.
Femoroazetabuläres Impingement – aktuelles Verständnis
Authors: Leibold Christiane Sylvia , Schmaranzer Florian , Tannast Moritz , Siebenrock Klaus-Arno , Steppacher Simon
Published: June 2019

Beim femoroazetabulären Impingement (FAI) kommt es zu einem verfrühten und schmerzhaften ossären Anschlag zwischen dem proximalen Femur und dem Azetabulum oder Becken. Der Artikel beschreibt anhand von Fallbeispielen die verschiedenen Typen von FAI, die klinischen Symptome, die typischen Zeichen in der Bildgebung sowie die verschiedenen Behandlungsmöglichkeiten.
Behandlung der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung bei
Kindern und Jugendlichen – ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Vogel Anna , Rosner Rita
Published: June 2019

Für die Behandlung der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) im Kindes-
und Jugendalter liegen positive Nachweise für unterschiedliche
Interventionen vor. Der vorliegende Artikel bietet einen Überblick über
Besonderheiten von Diagnostik und Behandlung in dieser Altersgruppe. Ein
besonderer Schwerpunkt soll der Darstellung der Cognitive Processing Therapy
(CPT) zukommen, einem gut evaluierten Verfahren, das erfolgreich für das
Jugendalter adaptiert werden konnte.
Gehirn (und Geist?) nach Tod im Schlachthof
Authors: Spitzer Manfred
Published: June 2019

Einer Arbeitsgruppe von der Yale School of Medicine ist es gelungen, Gehirne von Schweinen 4 Stunden nach deren Tod durch Schlachtung für bis zu 6 Stunden wiederzubeleben. Die Arbeit wurde am 18 April 2019 im Fachblatt Nature publiziert (▶
Abb. 1
) [1] und war von gleich 3 (!) jeweils ausführlichen Kommentaren mit Überlegungen dazu begleitet, was das bedeutet und vor allem, was das bedeuten könnte, wenn man etwas weiterdenkt. Bislang waren nur Philosophen gelegentlich daran interessiert, darüber nachzudenken, was es bedeuten könnte, wenn ein Gehirn in einem Bottich am Leben gehalten wird und selbst darüber nachdenkt. Der US-amerikanische Logiker Hilary Putnam betitelte das erste Kapitel eines seiner bekanntesten Bücher mit dem Titel „Gehirne im Bottich“ (Brains in a vat) und ging darin den Schwierigkeiten und Widersprüchen nach, die sich bei diesen Überlegungen auftun [2].
Therapie der Amyotrophen Lateralsklerose
Authors: Holzer Max , Hermann Andreas , Metelmann Moritz
Published: June 2019

Die amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) stellt eine unheilbare neurodegenerative Erkrankung dar und ist durch eine Degeneration der Motoneuronen im Kortex und im Rückenmark charakterisiert. Durch einen rasch progredienten Abbau der Skelettmuskulatur, insbesondere der Atem- und Schluckmuskulatur, ist die Prognose der Patienten mit ca. 2 bis 5 Jahren nach Symptombeginn sehr eingeschränkt. Es bestehen unterschiedliche Hypothesen über die Pathophysiologie der ALS wie eine Glutamat-Exzitotoxizität, mitochondriale Störungen oder eine Degeneration der Motoneurone aufgrund von Proteinaggregatablagerungen im Zytoplasma. Ebenso konnten einige genetische Veränderungen mit der ALS in Verbindung gebracht werden. Aktuell stellt Riluzol das einzige zugelassene Medikament zur Behandlung der ALS in Deutschland dar, daneben wird in ALS-Zentren der Radikalfänger Edaravone im Off-label-use eingesetzt. Beide Medikamente sorgen nur für eine eingeschränkte körperliche Besserung bzw. einen Überlebensvorteil von wenigen Monaten. Daher werden weitere Therapiestudien u. a. an ALS-Zentren in Deutschland durchgeführt, die in dieser Übersichtsarbeit vorgestellt werden sollen.
Endoscopic management of duodenal perforations caused by migrated biliary plastic stents
Authors: Kim Shin Hee , Moon Jong Ho , Lee Yun Nah , Lee Tae Hoon , Woo Sang Myung , Lee Woo Jin , Jang Sung Il , Lee Dong Ki
Published: June 2019

Background and study aims Duodenal perforation by migration of plastic stents placed to treat biliary lesions is rare but can be life-threatening. Surgical management is preferred, but it may increase risks of mortality and morbidity, especially in patients with underlying comorbidities and those of advanced age. We describe five cases of duodenal perforation that were successfully managed endoscopically. Four patients were elderly, and one had end-stage renal disease. We used cylindrically adapted cap-fitted endoscopy to successfully retrieve migrated plastic stents and to close the perforated walls with hemoclips. No post-procedural complication was noted. In conclusion, endoscopic management is appropriate as a first-line approach in patients with duodenal perforations caused by plastic stent migration.
Stiefmütterchen
Authors: Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun
Published: June 2019

Viola tricolor – Bei seborrhoischen Hauterkrankungen sowie Milchschorf bei Kindern entfaltet es antioxidative und antientzündliche Eigenschaften
Ayurvedische Behandlung von Ekzemen
Authors: Nagersheth Kalyani
Published: June 2019

Ayurvedisch werden Ekzeme individuell betrachtet und über Ernährung, Lebensführung, manuelle Therapie, ausleitende Verfahren sowie Kräuter therapiert. Zunächst müssen die Grundkonstitution und der individuelle Hauttyp festgestellt werden. Dann kann eine Behandlungsstrategie festgelegt werden, die viel Mitarbeit durch den Patienten erfordert.
Urtikaria
Authors: Warning Albrecht , Gupta Hedwig , Sauer Helmut
Published: June 2019

3 Fachleute – 3 Behandlungsmethoden
Steric-Hindrance Triggered Remote Lithiations of Bulky Silyl-Substituted­ Arenes
Authors: Bellan Andreas B. , Knochel Paul
Published: June 2019

Functionalized arenes bearing two bulky triethylsilyl substituents were regioselectively lithiated at the 4-position (para position) by using a mixture of nBuLi and PMDTA (N,N,N′,N′′,N′′-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine). The resulting aryllithium species, bearing sensitive functional groups such as amides or carbamates, reacted with a range of electrophiles leading to tri- and tetrasubstituted remote-functionalized products. This lithiation could be extended to 2,2′-bis(triethylsilyl)biphenyl, for which the favored metalation site was the one where steric interference of the silyl group could be avoided.
Preparation of 2-(3-Methyleneindolin-2-yl)phenols via Sodium Hydride Promoted C–C/C–O Bond Cleavage
Authors: Liu Feng-Ping , Zhao Hong-Ping , Tan Shuang , Lu Xiuqiang , Mo Dong-Liang
Published: June 2019

A variety of 2-(3-methyleneindolin-2-yl)phenols were prepared in good to excellent yields through a NaH-promoted C–C/C–O bond cleavage of fused indolines under mild and simple conditions. Mechanistic studies showed that NaH serves as a nucleophile, attacking the aldehyde group of indoline, which is followed by tandem C–C/C–O bond cleavage to afford the desired products. A representative 2-(3-methyleneindolin-2-yl)phenol was easily prepared on a gram scale.
Superficial Dermal Fillers with Hyaluronic Acid
Authors: Bacos Jonathan T. , Dayan Steven H.
Published: June 2019

Minimally invasive aesthetic procedures with hyaluronic acid filler have increased drastically since their development in 1989. Patients' desires to avoid surgery and achieve rapid results with minimal recovery led to a transformation in facial plastic surgery, demanding that aesthetic surgeons become proficient in nonsurgical augmentation. Over the years, new hyaluronic acid filler products were developed with different intrinsic properties, allowing clinicians to better treat different deficiencies of the face, reduce postprocedural pain, and optimize outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of nonsurgical facial plastic surgery with the superficial dermal filler, hyaluronic acid.
Neurotoxins
Authors: Ong Adrian A. , Sherris David A.
Published: June 2019

Botulinum toxin is integral to the practice of facial plastic surgery. Since it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the temporary improvement of glabellar rhytids in 2002, botulinum toxin has achieved a growing number of off-label clinical applications. These include the management of facial rhytids, brow ptosis, excessive gingival display, masseteric hypertrophy, platysmal banding, facial nerve paralysis, hypertrophic scars, and keloids. Many forms of botulinum toxin have been developed, and their safety and efficacy have been thoroughly established. This article will review the aesthetic and functional uses of botulinum toxin as it relates to the field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery. In addition, the authors will discuss the suggested quantity of units per injection site based on onabotulinumtoxinA.
Practical Chromatography-Free Synthesis of 2-Iodo-N,N-diiso­propylferrocenecarboxamide and Further Transformations
Authors: Erb William , Roisnel Thierry , Dorcet Vincent
Published: June 2019

An efficient procedure able to deliver grams of racemic and enantioenriched 2-iodo-N,N-diisopropylferrocenecarboxamide without chromatographic purification was developed. To introduce the halogen, two procedures, one using the nBuLi-TMEDA chelate and one using a lithium amide in the presence of ZnCl2 as in situ trap were developed. Further functionalization by Suzuki–Miyaura and Ullman-type cross-couplings was investigated to access a variety of ferrocene derivatives.
Copper(II)-Promoted Oxidation/[3+2]Cycloaddition/Aromatization Cascade: Efficient Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted NH-Pyrrole from Chalcones and Iminodiacetates
Authors: Lin Zhang-qi , Li Chao-dong , Zhou Zi-chun , Xue Shuai , Gao Jian-rong , Ye Qing , Li Yu-jin
Published: June 2019

A simple and highly efficient method for the preparation of tetrasubstituted NH-pyrrole from a wide range of chalcones and diethyl iminodiacetates via a Cu(OAc)2-promoted oxidation/[3+2]cycloaddition/aromatization cascade reaction has been developed. This reaction proceeds through dehydrogenations, deamination, and oxidative cyclization, affording the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. This convenient methodology for constructing tetrasubstituted NH-pyrroles has several advantages over existing methods, such as the use of easily accessible chalcones and readily available diethyl iminodiacetates, and mild reaction conditions. A wide range of substrates are tolerated.
Copper(II) Acetate Mediated Synthesis of 3-Sulfonyl-2-aryl-2H-chromenes
Authors: Chang Meng-Yang , Chen Yu-Hsin , Chen Han-Yu
Published: June 2019

This paper describes a concise, easy-operation, high-yielding method for the synthesis of 3-sulfonyl-2-aryl-2H-chromenes by a one-pot, straightforward two-step synthetic route, which includes (i) Cu(OAc)2/PyBOP-mediated intermolecular [4+2] annulation of substituted salicylic acids with β-sulfonylstyrenes in the presence of DMAP in refluxing DMF, and (ii) sequential O-alkylation of the resulting sulfonylflavanones with n-butyl bromide. A plausible mechanism is proposed and discussed. This protocol provides a highly effective annulation via one carbon–oxygen (C–O) and one carbon–carbon (C–C) bond formations.
Consensus Development of a Modern Ontology of Emergency Department Presenting Problems—The Hierarchical Presenting Problem Ontology (HaPPy)
Authors: Horng Steven , Greenbaum Nathaniel R. , Nathanson Larry A. , McClay James C. , Goss Foster R. , Nielson Jeffrey A.
Published: June 2019

Objective Numerous attempts have been made to create a standardized “presenting problem” or “chief complaint” list to characterize the nature of an emergency department visit. Previous attempts have failed to gain widespread adoption as they were not freely shareable or did not contain the right level of specificity, structure, and clinical relevance to gain acceptance by the larger emergency medicine community. Using real-world data, we constructed a presenting problem list that addresses these challenges.

Materials and Methods We prospectively captured the presenting problems for 180,424 consecutive emergency department patient visits at an urban, academic, Level I trauma center in the Boston metro area. No patients were excluded. We used a consensus process to iteratively derive our system using real-world data. We used the first 70% of consecutive visits to derive our ontology, followed by a 6-month washout period, and the remaining 30% for validation. All concepts were mapped to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT).

Results Our system consists of a polyhierarchical ontology containing 692 unique concepts, 2,118 synonyms, and 30,613 nonvisible descriptions to correct misspellings and nonstandard terminology. Our ontology successfully captured structured data for 95.9% of visits in our validation data set.

Discussion and Conclusion We present the HierArchical Presenting Problem ontologY (HaPPy). This ontology was empirically derived and then iteratively validated by an expert consensus panel. HaPPy contains 692 presenting problem concepts, each concept being mapped to SNOMED CT. This freely sharable ontology can help to facilitate presenting problem-based quality metrics, research, and patient care.
Value of Fibrinogen to Discriminate Appendicitis from Nonspecific Abdominal Pain in Preschool Children
Authors: Gómez-Veiras Javier , Salgado-Barreira Ángel , Vázquez José Luis , Montero-Sánchez Margarita , Fernández-Lorenzo José Ramón , Prada-Arias Marcos
Published: June 2019

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of the biomarker fibrinogen (FB), along with the markers white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and C-reactive protein (CRP), to discriminate appendicitis from nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) in preschool children.

Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated all children aged <5 years admitted for suspected appendicitis at an academic pediatric emergency department during 5 years. Diagnostic accuracy of FB (prothrombin time–derived method), WBC, ANC, and CRP were assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic curve.

Results A total of 82 patients were enrolled in the study (27 NSAP, 17 uncomplicated, and 38 complicated appendicitides). WBC and ANC had moderate diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (WBC: AUC 0.66, ANC: AUC 0.67). CRP and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (CRP: AUC 0.78, FB: AUC 0.77). WBC and ANC are not useful to discriminate complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (WBC: AUC 0.43, ANC: AUC 0.45). CPR and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (CRP: AUC 0.80, FB: AUC 0.73).

Conclusion CRP and FB are more useful than WBC and ANC to discriminate appendicitis from NSAP in preschool children. CRP and FB are especially useful to discriminate complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis and NSAP. In a child with suspected appendicitis, a plasma FB level (prothrombin time–derived method) >540 mg/dL is associated with an increased likelihood of complicated appendicitis.