bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pola Asuh Orangtua Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Menstrual Hygiene pada Remaja Putri Tunagrahita di SLB Negeri 1 Bantul
Authors: Hutasoit Masta , Sari Ayu Putri Kusuma
Published: October 2024

Background: Reproductive health problems are important to pay attention to in children with disabilities, especially young women, especially when they are menstruating. Lack of self-care behavior can cause infections in the reproductive organs such as vaginal discharge, urinary tract infections, and cerviks cancer. The existence of parenting and support from both parents really helps children with mental retardation to improve self-cleaning behavior independently. Parents' parenting style is needed as a guide and guide for their daughter in carrying out health care.
Objective: To identify the relationship between maternal parenting style and menstrual hygiene behavior in mentally retarded young women at SLB N 1 Bantul.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all 30 young women with mental retardation who had experienced menstruation and 30 mothers. This study uses a total sampling technique. This research was conducted at SLB N 1 Bantul, in June and July 2023. The measuring instruments used were the maternal parenting questionnaire and the menstrual hygiene behavior questionnaire. Data processing using bivariate using Spearman rank test.
Results: This study obtained a correlation coefficient (r) of -0.512 and a p-value = 0.004 (p <0.05).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between parenting style and adolescent menstrual hygiene behavior with mental retardation at SLB N 1 Bantul.
Penerapan Intervensi Kombinasi Aromaterapi Lemon dan Guided Imagery dalam Asuhan Keperawatan pada Klien dengan Diagnosis Medis Post Operasi Open Reduction Internal Fixation Fraktur Ekstremitas Hari Ke-1 di Bangsal Bedah RSUD Sleman
Authors: Vernanda Gilang Adi , Sari Ike Wuri Winahyu , Pratiwi Pratiwi
Published: October 2024

Background: Bone fracture is one of the most common injuries with a global prevalence in 2020 reaching 2.7% with 1.3 million fracture cases occurring annually in Indonesia. Postoperative pain is one of the impacts felt by patients. One pain management that can be done is non-pharmacological management by providing combination therapy between aromatherapy and guided imagery. However, this pain management needs to be studied further because differences in patient characteristics influence the response to each therapy given.
Objective: To find out the application of combination therapy between aromatherapy and guided imagery in reducing pain levels.
Case Report:  This study is a case report with a 21-year-old male patient who came to the emergency department due to a traffic accident. The nursing diagnosis made in this patient was acute pain related to physical injury agents and the medical diagnosis was post-operative open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) cruris and right clavicle. The non-pharmacological management provided is in the form of aromatherapy using a diffuser containing 50 ml of water and 5 drops of lemon aroma essential oil, as well as guided imagery. Pain level evaluation was carried out before and after the intervention.
Results: The application of lemon aromatherapy and guided imagery is effective in reducing post-operative pain, as evidenced by the pain scale being reduced from 8 to 3.
Conclusion: The application of combination therapy between aromatherapy and guided imagery is effective in reducing pain levels in post-operative patients.
Penetapan kadar total flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Valentine Firnanda Sixca Putri , Erma Yunita
Published: October 2024

Daun ketapang diketahui mengandung senyawa kimia berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan kuinon. Daun ketapang memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan. Potensi ekstrak daun ketapang sebagai antioksidan dapat meningkat apabila kadar total flavonoid juga meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar total flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun ketapang secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Daun ketapang diekstrasi dengan metode maserasi selama 3x24 jam menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode penetapan kadar menggunakan uji kualitatif dan uji kuantitatif. Penetapan kadar dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis menggunakan reagen AlCl3 dan kuersetin sebagai larutan baku. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penetapan kadar total ekstrak etanol daun ketapang menggunakan persamaan regresi linear y = 0,0056x+0,0063. Uji kualitatif pada ekstrak etanol daun ketapang menunjukkan hasil positif senyawa flavonoid. Kadar total flavonoid yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol daun ketapang yang diuji secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis diperoleh sebesar 57,86±1,49 mgEQ/g ekstrak.
Penerapan Multimedia Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pembelajaran IPA SD
Authors: Juhri Deni Apriyani , Wanawir Wanawir , Ahmad Nauval Ali
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pemahaman konsep pembelajaran IPA di sekolah Dasar yang masih rendah, dan penggunaan media pembelajarannya terkhusus pada mata pelajaran IPA kurang bervariatif serta kurang memvisualisasikan materi yang abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan multimedia interaktif terhadap kemampuan pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan populasi kelas V UPT SD N 1 Pandansari Selatan. Sample pada penelitian diambil secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan multimedia interaktid dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar.
Risk Factors and Predictive Models for Postpartum Hemorrhage after Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Bi Yongjuan , Zhang Yanhua , Li Li , Bai Jing , Li Jing
Published: October 2024

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains one of the biggest reasons of maternal morbidity and mortality. Clinical prediction of PPH remains challenging, particularly in the case of a vaginal birth. The purpose of this research is identifying patients at risk for PPH in vaginal delivery by using risk factors and predictive models. Methods: 1840 cases who underwent vaginal deliveries at Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University between December 2020 to December 2022, which were divided into two groups based on the amount of blood loss (PPH and non-PPH groups). Fourteen risk factors could cause increased risk of PPH, including demographic characteristics and placental anomalies factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to influence the risk factors of PPH in vaginal delivery. According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, a risk prediction model was established, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the model fit. Results: A total of 94 cases presented with PPH in this study, and the incidence of PPH was 5.10% (94/1840). Two items including macrosomia (odds ratio (OR): 2.229, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.062–4.679) and placental anomalies (OR: 4.095, 95% CI: 2.488–6.742) were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of PPH with vaginal delivery (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The construction of a logistic regression-based model can be used to predict the risk of PPH after vaginal delivery, predictability to be studied further. Clinically, more attention should be paid to vaginal delivery, early identification and screening of high-risk factors for PPH, as well as timely preventive interventions for high-risk groups so as to reduce the risk of PPH.
Nomogram Predictive Model for Vaginal Birth after One Prior Cesarean Section: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zheng Fangyuan , Sun Yangfang , Liang Xuening , Zhou Jinying , Chen Yun
Published: October 2024

Background: Repeat cesareans pose significant maternal risks, whereas vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) offers better outcomes, with a complication rate of 2.4% compared with 3.6% for elective repeat cesareans and 14.1% for failed trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). TOLAC rates are low in China, and success rates vary between 60% and 80%. This study aims to develop a nomogram-based predictive model for VBAC in China and improve existing, less rigorous scoring models. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Hangzhou Women's Hospital from February 2015 to March 2020, and included 159 parturient attempts at labor after one prior low transverse cesarean section. The participants were divided into two groups based on their mode of delivery for comparison: the VBAC and the TOLAC failure group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors for VBAC and develop a nomogram predictive model to estimate the success rate of TOLAC. The bootstrap method was used for internal validation of the models. Three different VBAC prediction models were evaluated by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curves. Results: A total of 127 women had VBAC and 32 women failed TOLAC, with a success rate of 79.9%. Three independent factors affecting the VBAC were identified: gestational age at delivery, Bishop score and newborn birth weight. A predictive nomogram model for the VBAC was constructed that incorporates these three factors. The model showed a good fit (χ2 = 11.94, p = 0.154) with an overall prediction accuracy of 81.1%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.83 (95% CI (confidence interval), 0.76–0.90) (p < 0.001) and the optimal cut-off value was 83.4%. The bootstrap internal validation showed that our predictive model maintained high overall accuracy and specificity, but exhibited low sensitivity and a low Kappa coefficient. Compared to the Grobman model and Jiaming Rao et al. model, our developed prediction model possesses the strongest discriminatory ability and the highest net benefit, followed by the model by Jiaming Rao et al. All three models demonstrate a high degree of fit. Conclusions: Shorter gestational age at delivery, lower newborn birth weight and higher cervical Bishop score are favorable factors for VBAC. The predictive nomogram model for the VBAC after a single cesarean section, constructed with these three factors, has good predictive efficacy. The model is simple to calculate and has practical value in the clinical selection of suitable candidates for TOLAC after a single cesarean section.
Autophagy Alterations in White and Brown Adipose Tissues of Mice Exercised under Different Training Protocols
Authors: Tamargo-Gómez Isaac , Fernández-Sanjurjo Manuel , Codina-Martínez Helena , Tomás-Zapico Cristina , Iglesias-Gutiérrez Eduardo , Fernández-García Benjamín , Fernández Álvaro F.
Published: October 2024

Background: Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that promotes cellular homeostasis and health. Although exercise is a well-established inducer of this pathway, little is known about the effects of different types of training protocols on the autophagy levels of tissues that are tightly linked to age-related metabolic syndromes (like brown adipose tissue) but are not easily accessible in humans. Methods: Here, we take advantage of animal models to assess the effects of short- and long-term resistance and endurance training in both white and brown adipose tissue, reporting distinct alterations on autophagy proteins microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B, or LC3B) and sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/p62). Additionally, we also analyzed the repercussions of these interventions in fat tissues of mice lacking autophagy-related protein 4 homolog B (ATG4B), further assessing the impact of exercise in these dynamic, regulatory organs when autophagy is limited. Results: In wild-type mice, both short-term endurance and resistance training protocols increased the levels of autophagy markers in white adipose tissue before this similarity diverges during long training, while autophagy regulation appears to be far more complex in brown adipose tissue. Meanwhile, in ATG4B-deficient mice, only resistance training could slightly increase the presence of lipidated LC3B, while p62 levels increased in white adipose tissue after short-term training but decreased in brown adipose tissue after long-term training. Conclusions: Altogether, our study suggests an intricated regulation of exercise-induced autophagy in adipose tissues that is dependent on the training protocol and the autophagy competence of the organism.
Nanoengineered Platform-Based Microenvironment-Triggered Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Dhas Namdev , Kudarha Ritu , Kulkarni Sanjay , Soman Soji , Navti Prerana D. , Kulkarni Jahnavi , Roy Amrita Arup , Colaco Viola , Raychaudhuri Ruchira , Gupta Ashutosh , Pardeshi Chandrakantsing , Bari Dipak , Tiwari Ruchi , Patel Jayvadan , Moorkoth Sudheer , Mutalik Srinivas
Published: October 2024

The immune system and cancer cells interact intricately during the growth of tumors, and the dynamic interplay between immune activation and suppression greatly influences the cancer outcome. Natural killer cells (NK), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and Dendritic cells (DC), employ diverse mechanisms, to combat cancer. However, the challenges posed by factors such as chronic inflammation and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) often hinder immune cells' ability to detect and eliminate tumors accurately. Immunotherapy offers a promising approach, reprogramming the immune system to target and eliminating cancer cells while minimizing side effects, enhancing immune memory, and lowering the risk of metastasis and relapse compared to traditional treatments like radiation and surgery. Nanotechnology presents a potential solution by enabling safer, more efficient drug delivery through nanoparticles. These nanoengineered drugs can be tailored for controlled activation and release. Improving TME characters holds potential for enhancing personalized immunotherapy and addressing T cell availability issues within tumor sites, particularly when combined with existing therapies. This review discusses TMEs and the strategies to overcome immunosuppression in TME, and various immune cell-based strategies to improve antitumor response. It also focuses on the strategies for constructing microenvironment responsive nanoplatforms based upon the factors present at higher levels in TME like acidic pH, hypoxia facilitated by poor oxygen supply, higher expression of certain enzymes, and other factors such light, ultrasound and magnetic field. Combination immune therapies combined with immunotherapy include photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, gene therapy and radiotherapy, revealing a high level of anticancer activity in comparison to a single therapy, enhancing immunogenicity, promoting therapeutic efficacy, and lowering metastasis. In conclusion, cancer immunotherapy is a potential technique to combat cancer cells and boost the immune system, hindering their growth and recurrence. In order to prevent cancer, it helps the immune system target cancer cells selectively and strengthens its long-term memory. Clinical trials are extending the application of immunotherapy and identifying strategies to improve the immune system tumor-fighting capabilities. Immunotherapy has enormous promise and gives hope for more successful cancer treatment.
A Retrospective Analysis of Late Open Conversions Following Failed Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Aytekin Bahadır , Akkaya Bekir Boğaçhan , Mavioğlu Hayrettin Levent , İşcan Hakkı Zafer
Published: October 2024

Background: The incidence of late open surgical conversions (OSCs) has recently increased. Vascular surgeons face additional technical challenges in late conversion surgery of failed endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) due to the presence of a previously deployed endograft. Based on our institutional experience, this study aimed to delineate methods to improve late open conversion outcomes, proposing solutions for technical challenges. Methods: All preoperative OSC data on failed EVARs operated in our Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic between January 2017 and January 2024 were evaluated retrospectively. Study endpoints included early (30-day or in-hospital) and late follow-up outcomes. Early outcomes included perioperative mortality and morbidities, intensive care unit (ICU) period, and length of hospital stay (LOS). The main outcome of interest during follow-up was overall survival. Results: Sixteen patients in our hospital, comprising eight elective and eight emergency procedures, underwent OSCs following EVAR. The difference between the 30-day mortality rates for the elective and urgent late conversions was significant (p < 0.001). Of these patients, 15 were male, with a mean age of 70.8 years (range: 62–80). Preoperative cardiac shock status and low hematocrit level (<20%) were independent mortality factors (p < 0.001). The ICU period was 8.7 ± 5.3 days (2–20 days) on average, and LOS was 17.3 ± 8.4 (6–29 days) days on average. The mean time to open surgical conversion in this cohort was 44.4 ± 16.8 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 43.75%. Conclusions: The incidence of open surgical conversion is notably growing. Emergent open surgical conversions exhibit poorer mortality outcomes compared to elective procedures. Further data are essential to evaluate the ramifications of expanding the use of EVAR beyond the instructions for use (IFU) guidelines. The procedures involving patients who challenge the IFU criteria should be conducted at experienced centers and require close monitoring. Open surgical repair (OSR) as the initial treatment opportunity could be an alternative strategy for improving outcomes in this patient cohort.
Rationale for Early Administration of PCSK9 Inhibitors in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Giordano Salvatore , Ielapi Jessica , Salerno Nadia , Cersosimo Angelica , Lucchino Alessandro , Laschera Alessandro , Canino Giovanni , Di Costanzo Assunta , De Rosa Salvatore , Torella Daniele , Sorrentino Sabato
Published: October 2024

Acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) represent a significant global health challenge arising from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels being a primary contributor. Despite standard statin therapy, individuals with ACS remain at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events, particularly in the initial post-ACS period. Monoclonal antibodies targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), such as evolocumab and alirocumab, offer a potential strategy to reduce LDL-C levels further and mitigate this residual risk. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms, effects on cholesterol metabolism, inflammatory modulation, and clinical outcomes associated with early administration of PCSK9 inhibitors following ACS.
Exploring the Association of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption with Presence of and Severe Coronary Artery Calcification
Authors: Ji Yinze , Han Xiaorong , Gu Yingzhen , Liu Jinxing , Li Yifan , Zhang Wei , Dang Aimin , Lv Naqiang
Published: October 2024

Background: Despite the majority of studies have identified smoking as a risk factor for coronary artery calcification (CAC), some studies have not identified this relationship. Differences on results reached by studies on the association of alcohol consumption with CAC exist. Moreover, studies have almost exclusively investigated the association between smoking and alcohol consumption independently. Whether an interaction effect of alcohol on the association of smoking and CAC exists has hardly been investigated. Methods: The data of 2431 adult patients who visited Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September, 2001 to December, 2023 and had Agaston coronary artery calcification score (CACS) reported were utilized. Patients who (1) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary bypass graft and heart transplantation, or (2) were complicated by acute medical conditions, chronic kidney disease or malignant neoplasms were excluded. Data from 1528 patients were eventually analyzed. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the association of smoking and alcohol consumption with presence of CAC and severe CAC. Interaction effects of alcohol consumption history on the association of current smoking and both presence of and severe CAC were examined. Results: Smoking history was significantly associated with presence of CAC and severe CAC. Current alcohol consumption was also significantly associated with presence of CAC and severe CAC. After adjusting for confounders, alcohol consumption history demonstrated an interaction effect on the association of current smoking with both presence of and severe CAC. Using non-alcohol consumers not smoking at the time of the study as reference, current smokers with an alcohol consumption history suffered from an increased risk of presence of CAC and severe CAC. Conclusions: Both smoking history and current alcohol consumption were associated with presence of and severe CAC. Alcohol consumption history demonstrated an interaction effect on the association of current smoking with both presence of and severe CAC.
Study on the Predictive Value of a Pulmonary Edema Imaging Score for Delayed Extubation in Patients after Heart Valve Surgery on Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Lin Xuefeng , Wang Funan , Wang Yuting
Published: October 2024

Background: Delayed extubation with mechanical ventilation after cardiac valve surgery is an important clinical challenge. Early extubation can improve the survival rate and prognosis of patients. The study aims to explore the predictive value of a chest X-ray pulmonary edema imaging score on the first day after surgery for delayed extubation in patients after cardiac valve surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass. Method: Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery under extracorporeal circulation admitted to the intensive care unit of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University (Xiamen) from January 2020 to October 2023. The patients were divided into an early extubation group according to the postoperative mechanical ventilation time (time: <24 h) and a delayed extubation group (time: ≥24 h). The radiographic assessment of lung edema (RALE) score was performed on the chest X-ray of the patient on the first day after surgery to analyze the correlation between delayed extubation of mechanical ventilation and the chest radiograph RALE score on the first day after surgery and to verify its predictive performance. Results: Significant differences in age, the incidence of hypertension, body mass index (BMI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), pump time, RALE score, ventilation time, oxygenation index, PaCO2, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels after the first 24 h were seen between patients who were extubated before and 24 h post operation (p = 0.013, 0.001, 0.034, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, 0.014, and <0.001, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the proportion of males and the lactate level after the first 24 h between the two groups (p = 0.792 and 0.191, respectively). The time of mechanical ventilation was positively correlated with the RALE score in all patients, and the correlation coefficient was 0.419; the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis with stepwise regression was performed on each research factor, and it was found that RALE score, pump time, oxygenation index, and postoperative BNP were independent risk factors for predicting delayed extubation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass. A 10-fold cross-validation revealed that the mean accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the regression model were 0.737, 0.749, 0.741, and 0.825, respectively. Conclusions: The RALE score on the chest radiograph on the first day after surgery is an independent risk factor for predicting delayed extubation in patients after cardiac valve surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass and has good predictive value.
Improving Russia’s Tax System in 2024: Сross-country Comparisons and Regional Projection
Authors:   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation, Klimanov V. V. ,   Institute for Public Finance Reform, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mikhaylova A. A. ,   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Institute for Public Finance Reform, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the additional adjustment of the tax system carried out in the Russian Federation in 2024, primarily in terms of changes in the rates of corporate income tax and personal income tax. Based on the analysis, a conclusion is made about the comparability of the levels of these taxes in Russia and in some countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It is shown that the centralization of additional revenues arising from the ongoing improvement of the tax system is more effective than the potential redistribution of these revenues to regional budgets due to the high concentration of corporate income tax and personal income tax in the wealthiest regions of Russia.
Distribution of Federal Equalization Grants: Assessing the Impact of Major Changes
Authors:   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation, Timushev E. N. ,   Komi Science Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the work is to establish how the main changes in the methodology of distribution of grants from the federal budget for fiscal capacity equalization affected the budget revenues of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the way of distribution of non-earmarked interbudget transfers affects the effectiveness of the model of interbudget relations. The modeling of the values of the transfers allocated annually to each constituent entity of the Russian Federation has been performed, demonstrating the adequacy of the developed methodology. The consequences of all major changes in the methodology of allocation of subsidies, such as introduction of restrictions on the reduction and increase of transfers, launching the mechanism of the model budget, reducing the equalization criterion and adding the coefficient of the level of social burden to the index of budget expenditures, have been calculated. It was found that the changes in the distribution methodology were progressive, that is, the higher was the fiscal capacity before the distribution, the smaller was the annual increase in equalization grants as a result of the changes. In other words, over time, more and more funds were allocated to the least prosperous regions. The regions of the North Caucasus Federal District benefited the most from the changes, and in general, all the innovations, except for restrictions on the reduction and increase in subsidies, had approximately the same spatial effect in terms of the composition of the “winning” regions. At the same time, it is more difficult to draw conclusions about the “losing” regions, since they have different levels of fiscal capacity.
Transformation of Public Debt Structure by Creditors in Central Asian and South Caucasus Countries
Authors:   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikonov I. V. , Arustamyan M. G. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mukhametov O. R. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Votinov A. I. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Radionov S. A. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The rapid growth of public debt in developing countries in recent years and the increasing risks associated with this process emphasize the importance of research in this area. The article examines one of the key aspects of public debt management — the structure of creditors’ debt portfolio. The object of the study is the public debt of four countries of Central Asia and three countries of the South Caucasus. The states of this region are important foreign economic partners of Russia, their contribution to mutual trade and realization of joint projects is growing. Their role in the global and regional economy is also expanding, including participation in major transport and logistics projects designed to increase the connectivity of Eurasia. The study is based on the data of international organizations on the total volume of public debt, debt to individual external creditors and the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators. The article examines changes in the structure of the main groups of creditors for each country over three long-term periods and analyzes similarities and differences in the observed structural shifts. It also decomposes the indicator of public debt dynamics and estimates the contribution of the economic growth factor and the effects of changes in countries’ debt to certain groups of creditors. The study identified the following key trends in public debt structural changes: 1) the declining role of bilateral loans from developed and developing countries since the 2000s; 2) the continued strong influence of debt raised from international financial organizations and development banks in most countries throughout the period under study; 3) in a number of countries, a gradual increase in market sources of debt financing (domestic and Eurobonds); the increasing role of loans from China — in the Kyrgyz Republic and the Republic of Tajikistan, etc. The study identifies reasons for these structural changes, and concludes with a discussion of the risks associated with the observed shifts in the structure of public debt.
ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ АДАПТИВНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ У ІНКЛЮЗИВНЕ ФІЗИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ
Authors: Загура Федір , Зубрицький Ярослав
Published: October 2024

У статті розглянуто питання інклюзивного фізичного виховання здобувачів вищої освіти з інвалідністю в процесі навчання. Досліджено, що інклюзивне фізичне виховання у закладах вищої освіти реалізується через реабілітаційну педагогіку, спрямовану на особистісне орієнтоване навчання та самореалізацію здобувачів з інвалідністю, що сприяє гармонійному розвитку, корекції чи компенсації наявних порушень, попередженню розвитку відхилень вторинної та третинної природи. Визначено, що мета інклюзивного фізичного виховання у закладі вищої освіти полягає у формуванні адаптації здобувачів, які мають функціональні обмеження, до фізичних і соціальних умов навколишнього середовища. Запропоновано реалізацію інклюзивного фізичного виховання на основі впровадження практик адаптивної фізичної активності, як програми, спрямованої на забезпечення належного рівня фізичної активності здобувачів освіти з інвалідністю. Сутність такої пропозиції полягає в тому, щоб за допомогою фізичної виховання інтегрувати здобувачів з інвалідністю до повноцінного активного життя. Визначено, що повернення відбувається не тільки за рахунок адаптації здобувачів вищої освіти до освітнього середовища, а й навпаки – через створення відповідних умов в цьому освітньому середовищі. Відтак, такий процес передбачає інтеграцію уже існуючих видів адаптивної фізичної активності у процес інклюзивного фізичного виховання у закладі вищої освіти й аж до створення гуртків з окремих видів спорту в окремих закладах для здобувачів з інвалідністю. Виокремлено зміст і завдання реалізації освітньої інклюзії у процесі фізичного виховання інструментами адаптивної фізичної активності, яка реалізується відповідно до кількох вимірів: соціальний, особистісний, когнітивний. Визначено, що основна мета впровадження практик адаптивної фізичної активності у освітній процес інклюзивного фізичного виховання полягає в тому, щоб надати здобувачам з інвалідністю можливість брати участь у будь-яких видах фізичної активності, як от іграх, рекреаційно-оздоровчих тощо, які адаптовані до їхніх можливостей.
ENHANCING ELS STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY THROUGH SPACED REPETITION
Authors: Kryukova Yelyzaveta , Yamshynska Natalia , Kutsenok Neonila , Meleshko Inna
Published: October 2024

In language learning, the method of spaced repetition has gained significant importance. It is undoubtedly a learning technique that can greatly enhance students' vocabulary and grammar acquisition. Spaced repetition allows to improve students' long-term retention of the language content they study enhancing language learning through active engagement, repetition, and visual aids. The effectiveness of spaced repetition as a method of improving English language acquisition was investigated by the authors of the paper. The participants of the research were students at the National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute." The experiment involved 76 students, who were divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group applied spaced repetition to their vocabulary and grammar learning, while the control group continued their studies according to the traditional syllabus without the use of spaced repetition. To assess the impact of spaced repetition, both groups took the same test before and after the experiment. The pre-test served to establish a baseline measurement of each student's vocabulary and grammar proficiency, allowing for a direct comparison of progress made during the study. The post-test, conducted at the end of the experiment, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the spaced repetition method by measuring any improvements in language skills. Data was collected through a combination of online surveys and a Likert scale questionnaire. The results demonstrated that the majority of students in the experimental group, who consistently used spaced repetition, reported significant improvements in their language skills, as evidenced by higher scores on the post-experiment test. In contrast, the control group showed less pronounced progress, highlighting the added value of spaced repetition in language learning. The findings underline the versatility and effectiveness of spaced repetition, especially when integrated into the daily learning process. This method not only proved its effectiveness for memorization but also enhanced the practical application of language skills, leading to more confident and accurate communication in English. Additionally, students in the experimental group reported positive impacts on their motivation and time management, further supporting the potential of spaced repetition as a powerful tool for language education across various linguistic fields.
EVALUATION STUDY ON THE THREE DIRECTIONAL TRAINING IN JI'AN CITY OF CHINA
Authors: Zhang Licong , Pryshliak Oksana
Published: October 2024

The meaning of "three directional" refers to targeted enrollment, targeted training, and targeted employment. The report of the 19th National Congress of China first proposed the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Subsequently, it made important arrangements for the rural revitalization strategy, clarifying that in the future, we should promote the work of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers by the overall requirements of prosperous industries, livable ecology, civilized rural culture, effective governance, and prosperous living. The future of rural areas is the comprehensive revitalization of industries, talents, culture, ecology, and organizations. The construction of rural regions cannot be separated from talents. The 19th National Congress report proposes cultivating and cultivating a "three rural" work team that understands agriculture, loves rural areas, and farmers. Grassroots agricultural technology promotion talents (referred to as grassroots agricultural technology personnel), as an important component of the "three rural" work team, are an important force in achieving comprehensive rural revitalization. In the rural revitalization strategy, deepening the cultivation of grassroots agricultural technicians is essential to achieve agricultural modernization and improve the farmers' quality of life. This research report aims to evaluate the feasibility of continuously deepening the cultivation of "three directional" agricultural grassroots agricultural technicians and provide a basis for relevant policy formulation education and training.
ВПЛИВ ОЗДОРОВЧИХ ФІТНЕС-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА ПСИХОЕМОЦІЙНИЙ СТАН СТУДЕНТІВ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Скалій Олександр , Максимова Катерина
Published: October 2024

У статті проаналізовано вплив оздоровчих фітнес-технологій на психоемоційний стан студентів в умовах війни. Зазначено, що стан фізичного та психічного здоров’я студентів України набуває особливої гостроти через війну України з Росією. Виявлено, що наявна ситуація обтяжується високими показниками захворюваності, різного видами та роду травмами, зниженням якості медичного обслуговування, погіршенням екологічної та демографічної ситуації, морально-духовною кризою населення України в цілому. Зазначено, що психічні стани це реакція функціональних систем на зовнішні та внутрішні впливи, яка спрямована на досягнення корисного для організму результату з метою адаптації до конкретних умов існування, збереження цілісності організму та забезпечення його життєдіяльності в конкретних ситуаціях. Водночас доведено, що психічні стани характеризуються як єдністю переживання та поведінки в певному відрізку часу, так і своєю єдністю переживання і діяльності, вони впливають на її перебіг. Вказано, що сучасним засобом покращення стану здоров’я є фітнес та різноманітні фітнес-технології, основним засобом дії який є фітнес-програми. Так, за останні роки можна охарактеризувати стрімким розвитком у світі новітніх фітнес-технологій різного спрямування, серед яких оздоровчі фітнес-технології стали найпопулярнішим засобом оздоровлення населення України, зокрема студентів. Доведено, що активно застосовуючи різноманітні фізичні вправи можна покращити фізичний та психоемоційний стан студентів різного віку. Зазначено, що внаслідок різноманітності фітнес-програм та потреб в оновленні й варіативності тренувань виникають нові напрямки – фітнес-гібриди, які дають можливість фітнес-тренеру застосувати їх як додаткові засоби рекреативної та психорегулятивної спрямованості. Експериментально доведено позитивний вплив різних фітнес-програм на психоемоційний стан студентів, що дає підстави для проведення подальшої оцінки емоційного стану студентів контрольної та експериментальних груп. Результатами нашого експерименту засвідчено про підвищення ступеня прояву мобілізуючих компонентів хлопців-студентів експериментальної групи, що займалися Crossfit Training протягом двох років. Водночас у студентів контрольної групи істотно зросли показники за фактором «відчуття сили й енергії» у порівнянні з групою, яка займалася за Crossfit Training – на 1 бал (t=2,66; р<0,05). Виявлено також збільшення показників й інших компонентів психіки, що мобілізують рухову діяльність у хлопців-студентів з групи Crossfit Training. Позитивні відмінності у показниках емоційного стану також було виявлено у дівчат-студенток контрольної групи, які регулярно займалися за фітнес-програмою Fitness Mix.
ПЕРЕОСМИСЛЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГА У ДИСКУРСІ СУЧАСНИХ РЕАЛІЙ
Authors: Цегельник Тетяна , Мізюк Вікторія , Драгієва Людмила
Published: October 2024

У статті досліджується обґрунтування та переосмислення поняття інноваційної компетентності педагога в контексті сучасних соціально-економічних, технологічних та педагогічних змін, визначається її структура, складові та шляхи формування для забезпечення якісного професійного розвитку педагогів і підвищення ефективності освітнього процесу, що і зумовлено метою дослідження. Ґрунтовно розглянуто вітчизняний та закордонний досвід особливостей трактування, формування, складових та теоретичного обґрунтування інноваційної компетентності педагога. Авторами уточнено зміст поняття «інноваційна компетентність педагога» як інтегративну здатність педагога ефективно використовувати новітні освітні технології, методи та інструменти для оптимізації навчального процесу, створення інноваційних підходів до викладання та виховання, що враховують актуальні потреби суспільства та освітніх установ. Вона включає готовність до постійного професійного розвитку, творчого підходу до вирішення навчально-виховних завдань, здатність до адаптації в умовах швидких змін та інтеграції інновацій у власну педагогічну практику, що сприяє підвищенню якості освіти та розвитку здобувачів освіти. Визначено структуру інноваційної компетентності педагога як кореляцію таких компонентів: 1) теоретичні знання; 2) практичні навички; 3) аналіз та рефлексія; 4) мотивація та творчо-креативний підхід. Авторами запропоновані шляхи формування інноваційної компетентності педагога в умовах освітньої нестабільності з урахуванням комплексного підходу: 1) організація безперервного професійного навчання у вигляді курсів підвищення кваліфікації та створення модульних програм навчання, які дозволяють педагогам здобувати нові знання у зручному для них форматі; 2) розвиток цифрових навичок, що зумовлює оволодіння цифровими технологіями та інтеграцією цифрових платформ для навчання, які дозволяють адаптувати навчальний процес до змінних умов і забезпечують доступ до ресурсів у будь-який час; 3) оперативна підтримка інноваційної діяльності педагога шляхом впровадження педагогічних проєктів, які включають впровадження нових технологій та методик у навчальний процес, створенню платформ для обміну досвідом, створенню інноваційних середовищ (класів, лабораторій, навчальних просторів); 4) розвиток рефлексії та критичного мислення, що включає здійснення рефлексивних практик у педагогічний процес, розвиток м’яких навичок та навичок критичного аналізу нових педагогічних ідей, організація програм менторства, супроводу та коучингу для підтримки педагогів у впровадженні нових технологій та методик. Застосовано такі методи дослідження: аналіз та синтез науково-методичної літератури з проблеми дослідження, що дозволили вивчити, об’єднати та узагальнити інформацію з наукових джерел; порівняння різних поглядів вітчизняних та закордонних дослідників; систематизація та узагальнення отриманих результатів теоретичного дослідження. Перспективами подальших досліджень визначено вивчення впливу інноваційної компетентності на навчальні результати здобувачів освіти.
СТРУКТУРА, КРИТЕРІЇ ТА ПОКАЗНИКИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ОФІЦЕРІВ – ФАХІВЦІВ З ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ РОЗВІДУВАЛЬНО-ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ
Authors: Шаршаткін Данило
Published: October 2024

У статті представлено структуру, критерії та показники професійної компетентності офіцерів – фахівців з організації розвідувально-інформаційної роботи. З’ясовано, що їхня професійна компетентність – це інтегративна характеристика особистості, яка поєднує в собі сукупність знань, навичок, умінь, а також особистісних якостей, що забезпечують здатність ефективно здійснювати професійну діяльність у сфері розвідувально-інформаційної роботи. У дослідженні використано підхід, який передбачає визначення критеріїв на основі структури професійної компетентності, що поєднує її основні компоненти. Структура професійної компетентності – це сукупність взаємопов’язаних компонентів, що визначають здатність фахівця ефективно виконувати професійні завдання. Вона складається з різних елементів, які формують цілісне уявлення про рівень підготовки, знань, навичок та особистісних характеристик, необхідних для здійснення професійної діяльності. До основних компонентів структури професійної компетентності доцільно включити: когнітивний, функціональний, мотиваційний, комунікативний, особистісний та рефлексивний компоненти. Кожен з цих компонентів є важливим для формування цілісної професійної компетентності та забезпечення готовності офіцера до виконання своїх функцій на високому професійному рівні. З урахуванням структури професійної компетентності запропоновано використовувати шість критеріїв, які відображають зміст і відповідають її структурним компонентам. Для комплексної оцінки професійної компетентності офіцерів-фахівців з організації розвідувально-інформаційної роботи доцільно використовувати поєднання різних методів. Для оцінки рівнів сформованості професійної компетентності офіцерів-фахівців з організації розвідувально-інформаційної роботи доцільно використовувати шкалу, яка відображає ступінь володіння необхідними знаннями, навичками та компетенціями. Шкала передбачає чотири рівні: початковий рівень (недостатній), середній рівень (базовий), достатній рівень (просунутий), високий рівень (професійний).
An investigation of resting-state functional connectivity correlates of task-based measures of self-control performance
Authors: Stein Jasmin , Korb Franziska , Goschke Thomas , Zwosta Katharina
Published: October 2024

Salience network functional integration with the central executive network and the default mode network at rest has been shown to predict real-life self-control. It has been proposed that a network interaction index reflecting stronger functional integration of the salience network with the central executive network and reduced functional connectivity of the salience network with the default mode network represents a trait neural correlate of successful self-control exertion. Here, we attempted to replicate this result using data from our own study where 121 participants completed an fMRI self-control task comprising real-life scenarios and data from a second study (N = 79) retrieved from OpenNeuro (dataset ID: ds002643) where participants completed an fMRI food choice task. We could not replicate the proposed role of salience network resting-state functional connectivity in self-controlled decision-making in either of those data sets. Instead, we found evidence for the exact opposite effect, specifically a negative association between self-control performance and the network interaction index. The role of analysis pipelines, appropriate network ROIs, and the measurement of self-control are discussed in the context of our findings.
Co-Creation in Teaching and Learning at University of Hai Duong, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Ngoc , Thu Trang Pham Thi , Thi An Pham , Thu Hang Trinh Thi
Published: October 2024

In recent years, there has been a growing focus on co-creation in higher education. However, the number of studies specifically examining the co-creation process in the context of higher education in Vietnam remains limited. Consequently, research is needed to investigate co-creation in education, particularly in higher education. This article aims to (1) explore people's understanding of co-creation and (2) identify the values that lecturers and students at University of Hai Duong can gain from co-creation activities. The study applies the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice (KAP) theory to better understand the co-creation process, drawing on interviews with 15 lecturers and 35 students. Through these interviews, the study examines how participants perceive, engage in, and experience the outcomes of co-creation. To validate the preliminary theoretical framework, the study is grounded in the principles of Service-Dominant Logic (S-D Logic) theory, providing a solid foundation for the research. The results indicate that most interviewees actively participate in co-creation activities, even though the concept has not gained much attention in the community. Moreover, co-creation activities yield both positive and negative outcomes, with negative experiences being relatively rare. This study advances previous research by exploring the challenges that affect lecturers and students when collaborating to create value.