bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of COVID-19 on the home behaviours of people affected by dementia
Authors: Serban Alina-Irina , Soreq Eyal , Barnaghi Payam , Daniels Sarah , Calvo Rafael A. ,   CR&T Group, Sharp David J.
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered the behaviour of most of the world’s population, particularly affecting the elderly, including people living with dementia (PLwD). Here we use remote home monitoring technology deployed into 31 homes of PLwD living in the UK to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on behaviour within the home, including social isolation. The home activity was monitored continuously using unobtrusive sensors for 498 days from 1 December 2019 to 12 April 2021. This period included six distinct pandemic phases with differing public health measures, including three periods of home ‘lockdown’. Linear mixed-effects modelling is used to examine changes in the home activity of PLwD who lived alone or with others. An algorithm is developed to quantify time spent outside the home. Increased home activity is observed from very early in the pandemic, with a significant decrease in the time spent outside produced by the first lockdown. The study demonstrates the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on home behaviours in PLwD and shows how unobtrusive home monitoring can be used to track behaviours relevant to social isolation.
Dirac synchronization is rhythmic and explosive
Authors: Calmon Lucille , Restrepo Juan G. , Torres Joaquín J. , Bianconi Ginestra
Published: October 2022

Topological signals defined on nodes, links and higher dimensional simplices define the dynamical state of a network or of a simplicial complex. As such, topological signals are attracting increasing attention in network theory, dynamical systems, signal processing and machine learning. Topological signals defined on the nodes are typically studied in network dynamics, while topological signals defined on links are much less explored. Here we investigate Dirac synchronization, describing locally coupled topological signals defined on the nodes and on the links of a network, and treated using the topological Dirac operator. The dynamics of signals defined on the nodes is affected by a phase lag depending on the dynamical state of nearby links and vice versa. We show that Dirac synchronization on a fully connected network is explosive with a hysteresis loop characterized by a discontinuous forward transition and a continuous backward transition. The analytical investigation of the phase diagram provides a theoretical understanding of this topological explosive synchronization. The model also displays an exotic coherent synchronized phase, also called rhythmic phase, characterized by non-stationary order parameters which can shed light on topological mechanisms for the emergence of brain rhythms.
Surface nitriding to improve the catalytic performance of FeNi3 for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Dong Yucan , Liu Qun , Qi Caiyun , Zhang Guoqiang , Jiang Xingdong , Gao Daqiang
Published: October 2022

In the oxygen evolution reaction, optimized Fe/Ni–Nx@FeNi3 nanosheets exhibit an overpotential of 251 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and an excellent durability of 210 h.
Phenylphosphonic acid as a grain-refinement additive for a stable lithium metal anode
Authors: Zou Pinjuan , Liu Jun , Huang Zhenguo , Hu Renzong , Ouyang Liuzhang
Published: October 2022

The increased overpotential due to the complexation between phenylphosphonic acid and Li ions can reduce the grain size, boost nucleation rates, and prevent the formation of Li dendrites.
Catch-enrich-release approach for amine-containing natural products
Authors: Müller Michelle Jessy , Dorst Andrea , Paulus Constanze , Khan Imran , Sieber Simon
Published: October 2022

Chemoselective approach to extract amine-containing natural products from complex matrices. The enzymatic release from the probe affords the underivatised compounds as products.
Crystal engineering of a co-crystal of antipyrine and 2-chlorobenzoic acid: relative energetic contributions based on multipolar refinement
Authors: Bilal Aqsa , Mehmood Arshad , Noureen Sajida , Lecomte Claude , Ahmed Maqsood
Published: October 2022

The growth and stability of a new 1 : 1 antipyrene–dichlorobenzoic acid cocrystal system has been analyzed in terms of electron density analysis and electrostatic interaction energy contributions.
Excited states and spin–orbit coupling in chalcogen substituted perylene diimides and their radical anions
Authors: Mentzel Paul , Holzapfel Marco , Schmiedel Alexander , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger , Wodyński Artur , Kaupp Martin , Würthner Frank , Lambert Christoph
Published: October 2022

A novel series of chalcogen bay-substituted perylene diimides show increasing SOC, which was investigated in detail via (time-resolved) optical spectroscopy, (spectro)electrochemistry, EPR spectroscopy and TD-DFT calculations.
A two-dimensional PtS2/BN heterostructure as an S-scheme photocatalyst with enhanced activity for overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Biao , Yuan Hongkuan , Yang Tie , Wang Peng , Xu Xiaohui , Chang Junli , Kuang Minquan , Chen Hong
Published: October 2022

The optical absorption spectra of the PtS2/BN heterojunction.
Molecular dynamics simulations of cold welding of nanoporous amorphous alloys: effects of welding conditions and microstructures
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , Su Lei , Xu Jianfei , Hu Yiqun , Liu Xiuming , Ding Suhang , Li Jiejie , Xia Re
Published: October 2022

Cold welding behaviors of nanoporous amorphous alloys investigated by molecular dynamics.
On the choice of reference orbitals for linear-response calculations of solution-phase K-edge X-ray absorption spectra
Authors: Carter-Fenk Kevin , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: October 2022

X-ray absorption spectra of liquids calculated with linear-response theories like TDDFT and CIS are dramatically improved with core-ion reference orbitals.
Correction: Gauging van der Waals interactions in aqueous solutions of 2D MOFs: when water likes organic linkers more than open-metal sites
Authors: Momeni Mohammad R. , Zhang Zeyu , Dell'Angelo David , Shakib Farnaz A.
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Gauging van der Waals interactions in aqueous solutions of 2D MOFs: when water likes organic linkers more than open-metal sites’ by Mohammad R. Momeni et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, 23, 3135–3143, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CP05923D.
Ruthenium-based metal–organic framework catalyst for CO2 fixation onto epoxides
Authors: Ho James , Nord Makenzie T. , Stafford Jared P. , Stylianou Kyriakos C.
Published: October 2022

The formation of value-added cyclic carbonates by the cycloaddition of CO2 to various epoxides is investigated using a ruthenium-based metal–organic framework (Ru-HKUST-1).
Modulation of the magnetic dynamics of pentagonal-bipyramidal Co(ii) complexes by fine-tuning the coordination microenvironment
Authors: Qin Yuanyuan , Wu Yuewei , Luo Shuchang , Xi Jing , Guo Yan , Ding Yi , Zhang Jun , Liu Xiangyu
Published: October 2022

Dynamic magnetic behaviours of a series of Co(ii) SIMs with pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry have been modulated by an alteration of the ligand field effect.
Neuroprotective effects of fermented yak milk-derived peptide LYLKPR on H2O2-injured HT-22 cells
Authors: Jiang Yunlong , Qi Yuan , Liu Xiaoting , Fang Li , Gao Yawen , Liu Chunlei , Wu Dan , Wang Xiyan , Zhao Fanrui , Wang Ji , Min Weihong
Published: October 2022

This study explored the neuroprotective effect of the peptide LYLKPR derived from fermented yak milk by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JLAU103 on H2O2-injured HT-22 cells.
Lamiophlomis rotata attenuates rheumatoid arthritis by regulating sphingolipid and steroid hormone metabolism
Authors: Zhou Zhirong , Li Tong , Du Ruijiao , Liu Chengjuan , Huang Shengjie , Han Lifeng , Zhang Peng , Wang Yuefei , Jiang Miaomiao
Published: October 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease.
Optomagnetic nanofluids for controlled brain hyperthermia: a critical study
Authors: Mendez-Gonzalez Diego , Lifante José , Zabala Gutierrez Irene , Marin Riccardo , Ximendes Erving , Sanz-de Diego Elena , Iglesias-de la Cruz M. Carmen , Teran Francisco J. , Rubio-Retama Jorge , Jaque Daniel
Published: October 2022

Limitations of local temperature monitoring during magnetic and photothermal therapies are discovered and critically assessed, and an effective alternative is proposed.
Laser-induced photoexcited audible sound effect based on reticular 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid modified Fe3O4nanoparticle aggregates
Authors: Li Yan , Zhu Hongrui , Duan Junbo , Wu Youshen , Wu Daocheng
Published: October 2022

We prepared reticular 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid (BMPA) modified Fe3O4nanoparticle aggregates with novel acoustic properties, namely the photoexcited audible sound (PEAS) effect and verified its mechanism to be vapor explosion.
Tandem cyclocondensation of 1,3-bis-sulfonylpropan-2-ones with arylaldehydes. One-pot synthesis of tris-sulfonyl 3-arylphenols
Authors: Hsueh Nai-Chen , Chang Meng-Yang
Published: October 2022

One-pot tandem piperidinium acetate-mediated cyclocondensation of 1,3-bis-sulfonylpropan-2-ones with arylaldehydes generates tris-sulfonyl 3-arylphenols in moderate to good yields in refluxing toluene under easy-operational reaction conditions.
RAFT polymerisation of N-vinylformamide and the corresponding double hydrophilic block copolymers
Authors: Dupre--Demorsy Alexis , Kurowska Izabela , Balayssac Stéphane , Hennetier Marie , Ric Audrey , Bourdon Valérie , Ando Tsuyoshi , Ajiro Hiroharu , Coutelier Olivier , Destarac Mathias
Published: October 2022

Polyvinylamine-based double hydrophilic block copolymers are synthesised from RAFT polymerisation of N-vinylformamide.
Achieving a dendrite-free lithium metal anode through lithiophilic surface modification with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
Authors: Wang Yujue , Meng Yan , Guo Yong , Xiao Dan
Published: October 2022

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) monolayer self-assembly on Cu foil can be used to construct a lithiophilic surface modification layer, which can help to achieve a robust and stable SEI and guide homogeneous and dendrite-free Li deposition.
Aptasensing of ciprofloxacin residue using graphene oxide modified with gold nanoparticles and branched polyethyleneimine
Authors: Mahmoudpour Mansour , Nazhad Dolatabadi Jafar Ezzati , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Rad Aziz Homayouni , Torbati Mohammadali , Seidi Farzad
Published: October 2022

A convenient platform was fabricated for the electrochemical assay of ciprofloxacin using aminated aptamer immobilized in GO-PEI-AuNPs nanocomposite.
Degradation of sulfamethoxazole in water by AgNbO3photocatalyst mediated by persulfate
Authors: Lu Chung-Shin , Tsai Hwei-Yan , Shaya Janah , Golovko Vladimir B. , Wang Syuan-Yun , Liu Wen-Jin , Chen Chiing-Chang
Published: October 2022

Silver niobate was synthesized by the solid-state reaction and combined with persulfate (PS) oxidant to advance water treatment application. The AgNbO3/PS/Vis system was applied successfully for sulfamethoxazole removal from water samples.
The role of curing temperature and reactive aluminum species on characteristics of phosphate geopolymer
Authors: Djobo J. N. Y. , Moustapha  , Ndjonnou L. P. T. , Etame K. K. , Stephan D.
Published: October 2022

The diluted phosphoric acid and mild curing temperature foster the dissolution–enhancement–precipitation–condensation mechanism. While the dissolution–inhibition–precipitation–condensation mechanism occurs in the presence of any setting accelerator.
Highly selective electrochemical sensing based on electropolymerized ion imprinted polyaniline (IIPANI) on a bismuth modified carbon paste electrode (CPE-Bi) for monitoring Nickel(ii) in river water
Authors: Setiyanto Henry , Purwaningsih Dwi Ratih , Saraswaty Vienna , Mufti Nandang , Zulfikar Muhammad Ali
Published: October 2022

Electrochemical sensors based on ion-imprinting polymers have emerged as an effective analytical tool for heavy metal tracking.
Highly flexible and ultrathin electromagnetic-interference-shielding film with a sandwich structure based on PTFE@Cu and Ni@PVDF nanocomposite materials
Authors: Guo Bingzhi , Liang Jianying , Chen Jiongfeng , Zhao Yun
Published: October 2022

Light and flexible electromagnetic-interference-shielding materials are of great significance to control electromagnetic pollution and protect the human body and other nearby equipment or systems.
Resistance and phylogeny guided discovery reveals structural novelty of tetracycline antibiotics
Authors: Li Ling Yu , Hu Yi Ling , Sun Jia Lin , Yu Long Bo , Shi Jing , Wang Zi Ru , Guo Zhi Kai , Zhang Bo , Guo Wen Jie , Tan Ren Xiang , Ge Hui Ming
Published: October 2022

Using resistance gene genome mining strategy and refinement with chain length factor, we obtained 25 distinct tetracycline biosynthetic gene clusters and a novel tetracycline. The biosynthesis of the highly modified tetracycline was investigated.
A broadly applicable quantitative relative reactivity model for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) using simple descriptors
Authors: Lu Jingru , Paci Irina , Leitch David C.
Published: October 2022

A model for SNAr reactivity is reported, built from relative rate data obtained by competition studies. Based only on molecular descriptors of the electrophile, the model predicts relative reactivity and site selectivity for many complex substrates.
Uncertainty quantification for predictions of atomistic neural networks
Authors: Vazquez-Salazar Luis Itza , Boittier Eric D. , Meuwly Markus
Published: October 2022

A model for uncertainty quantification for atomistic neural networks is introduced. Results from different chemical contexts and the evaluation, meaning and chemical interpretation of uncertainty are explored.
Effect of ultrasound on the physical properties and processing of major biopolymers—a review
Authors: Biswas Shanta , Rashid Taslim Ur
Published: October 2022

Designing and developing modern techniques to facilitate the extraction and modification of functional properties of biopolymers are key motivations among researchers.
Stress signaler p38 mitogen-activated kinase activation: a cause for concern?
Authors: Radnaa Enkhtuya , Richardson Lauren , Goldman Brett , Burks Jared K. , Baljinnyam Tuvshintugs , Vora Natasha , Zhang Hui-juan , Bonney Elizabeth A. , Han Arum , Menon Ramkumar
Published: October 2022

Oxidative stress (OS) induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) and cell fate from p38 signaling was tested using the human fetal membrane’s amnion epithelial cells (AEC). We created p38 KO AEC using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach and tested cell fate in response to OS on an AEC-free fetal membrane extracellular matrix (ECM). Screening using image CyTOF indicated OS causing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further testing revealed p38 deficiency prevented AEC senescence, EMT, cell migration, and inflammation. To functionally validate in vitro findings, fetal membrane-specific conditional KO (cKO) mice were developed by injecting Cre-recombinase encoded exosomes intra-amniotically into p38αloxP/loxP mice. Amnion membranes from p38 cKO mice had reduced senescence, EMT, and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 compared with WT animals. Our study suggested that overwhelming activation of p38 in response to OS inducing risk exposures can have an adverse impact on cells, cause cell invasion, inflammation, and ECM degradation detrimental to tissue homeostasis.
Evo-devo perspectives on cancer
Authors: Nedelcu Aurora M.
Published: October 2022

The integration of evolutionary and developmental approaches into the field of evolutionary developmental biology has opened new areas of inquiry— from understanding the evolution of development and its underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms to addressing the role of development in evolution. For the last several decades, the terms ‘evolution’ and ‘development’ have been increasingly linked to cancer, in many different frameworks and contexts. This mini-review, as part of a special issue on Evolutionary Developmental Biology, discusses the main areas in cancer research that have been addressed through the lenses of both evolutionary and developmental biology, though not always fully or explicitly integrated in an evo-devo framework. First, it briefly introduces the current views on carcinogenesis that invoke evolutionary and/or developmental perspectives. Then, it discusses the main mechanisms proposed to have specifically evolved to suppress cancer during the evolution of multicellularity. Lastly, it considers whether the evolution of multicellularity and development was shaped by the threat of cancer (a cancer-evo-devo perspective), and/or whether the evolution of developmental programs and life history traits can shape cancer resistance/risk in various lineages (an evo-devo-cancer perspective). A proper evolutionary developmental framework for cancer, both as a disease and in terms of its natural history (in the context of the evolution of multicellularity and development as well as life history traits), could bridge the currently disparate evolutionary and developmental perspectives and uncover aspects that will provide new insights for cancer prevention and treatment.
Can changes in 3D genome architecture create new regulatory landscapes that contribute to phenotypic evolution?
Authors: Preger-Ben Noon Ella , Frankel Nicolás
Published: October 2022

Animal genomes are compartmentalized into insulated regulatory units named topology-associated domains (TADs). TADs insulate gene promoters from enhancers that occupy neighboring TADs. Chromosomal rearrangements that disrupt TAD structure can generate new regulatory interactions between enhancers and promoters that were once separated into different TADs, which might lead to new gene expression patterns. On the one hand, TAD rearrangements are known to cause deleterious phenotypes, but, on the other hand, rearrangements can also create novel expression patterns that may be selected during evolution because they generate advantageous phenotypes. Here, we review recent studies that explore the effects of chromosomal rearrangements and genetic perturbations on TAD structure and gene regulation in the context of development and evolution. We discuss the possible contribution of evolutionary breakpoints (EBRs) that affect TAD structure to the evolution of gene regulation and the phenotype.
Auditory Comprehension Interventions for People With Aphasia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wallace Sarah E. , Patterson Janet , Purdy Mary , Knollman-Porter Kelly , Coppens Patrick
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

This scoping review examined studies reporting restorative treatments designed to improve auditory comprehension in people with aphasia.

Method:

We searched eight databases using keywords
aphasia, auditory comprehension, treatment, intervention,
and
rehabilitation,
for studies published between 1970 and 2020. Searches returned 170 records, and after applying exclusionary criteria, 28 articles remained. For each article, two authors independently extracted data on study design parameters, participant characteristics, treatment protocol, and treatment outcomes, including generalization.

Results:

Studies were categorized by treatment focus: direct auditory (
n
= 7), mixed auditory (
n
= 13), or indirect (
n
= 8). Study designs were group (
n
= 12), single-subject experimental design (
n
= 11), or case study (
n
= 5). Fifteen studies had a control condition and/or a control group. Thirteen studies included two to 10 participants. Aphasia severity and auditory comprehension severity were infrequently reported, and most participants were greater than 1-year poststroke. Treatment targets and tasks varied. Sessions ranged from 8 to 240 min, once or more per week, for eight to 60 total sessions over 2–20 weeks. Impairment-based outcome measures were typically used. Improvement and generalization were regularly reported; however, authors frequently did not report statistical significance.

Conclusions:

A variety of treatments have addressed auditory comprehension deficits in people with aphasia, with many reporting improvements in auditory comprehension for some people. However, the variability in treatment tasks and delivery and outcome measurements preclude confidently offering specific clinical recommendations for implementing auditory comprehension treatments. Gaps identified by the current study may guide the development and exploration of transparent, repeatable, patient-centered treatments.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21291345
Cooperative braking of urban rail vehicles with Koopman model predictive control
Authors: Gao Dianzhu , Peng Jun , Peng Hui , Chen Bin , Huang Zhiwu
Published: October 2022

Braking control of urban rail vehicles with multiple carriages is critical to ensure the safe operation of urban rails. However, existing decentralized braking control methods lead to the inconsistent speed and excessive coupler force among carriages, which compromises the operation safety of urban rails. To address this issue, a cooperative braking strategy is proposed for urban rail vehicles based on Koopman model predictive control method. First, a cyber‐physical model is established, where the physical layer characterizes the dynamic model of multiple carriages using the Koopman operator. The cyber layer represents the communication topology of carriages with graph theory. Second, a cooperative braking controller is designed with the distributed model predictive control method. An optimisation problem is formulated to minimize the speed inconsistency and relative displacement difference among carriages. Third, extensive simulations under various scenarios, including normal and extreme operating conditions, are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results show that, compared with the classical decentralized method, the proposed braking method reduces the average relative displacement by 78% while reducing the speed error by 29%.
Design of locally enhanced electric field in dielectric loaded rectangular resonator for quantum microwave measurements
Authors: Wu Bo , Lin Yi , Liao Dunwei , Liu Yi , An Qiang , Fu Yunqi
Published: October 2022

Rydberg‐atom electrometers have the remarkable advantages of self‐calibration and high sensitivity. Based on the classical electromagnetic theory, a localized electric field enhancement structure of a hybrid rectangular resonator (RR) is proposed to improve the sensitivity of quantum microwave measurement. It should be noted that the prototype of the hybrid RR is fabricated and measured at 9.925 GHz. The results of full‐wave simulations show that the uniform and high electric field enhancement in the TE101 fundamental mode is realized. The transient process of resonance is simultaneously simulated, and the time to settle steady state is given as about 104 ns. As indicated through experimental results that the structure can reach 24 dB (enhancement factor of 15.8). As a result, the method proposed in this study, based on atomic measurement capabilities, enables us to improve the measurement sensitivity further and promotes the practical development of quantum microwave measurement technology.
Construction of detailed energy function of double‐fed induction generator for small signal stability analysis of power systems with a high penetration of double‐fed induction generator
Authors: Liu Cheng , Diao Shuo , Cai Guowei , Zhang Yuchi , Yu Fangtong
Published: October 2022

The integration of high proportion renewable energy not only brings many benefits, but also increases the difficulty of power system stability analysis. One of the reasons for this problem is the unclear internal characteristics of new energy equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more detailed analysis of the characteristics of new energy equipment. Taking a double‐fed induction generator (DFIG), which has complex operation characteristics and is widely used, as an example, a detailed energy function (DEF) of DFIG for small signal stability analysis is proposed in this paper. This method performs DFIG's internal energy analysis, making the traditional energy structure more comprehensive. On this basis, the internal parameters of DFIG with high sensitivity to stability are obtained, and the damping evaluation index is constructed to evaluate the damping of DFIG. Finally, the proposed model's correctness and method are verified in the 4‐generator 2‐area system.
L’Antibiorésistance : stratégie de la France face à une menace sanitaire mondiale
Authors: Renesto Patricia , Jouvin-Marche Evelyne
Published: October 2022

Il est clairement établi que la résistance des bactéries aux antibiotiques (ou Antibiorésistance), est un phénomène mondial, sans frontières géographiques ni barrières d’espèces, qui représente plus que jamais une menace importante pour la santé humaine, animale et environnementale. Depuis plusieurs années, le développement de la résistance des agents pathogènes bactériens aux antibiotiques a en effet considérablement compliqué le traitement d’infections bactériennes potentiellement mortelles, entraînant parfois des impasses thérapeutiques sans aucune alternative. À la lumière des liens étroits et des interactions complexes entre les humains, les animaux et l’environnement, dont les crises sanitaires récentes sont l’illustration, est né le concept « One Health » ou « Une seule santé ». Cette prise de conscience, qui vise à promouvoir une approche multisectorielle et une recherche pluridisciplinaire, ouvre de nouveaux horizons pour faire face à l’enjeu majeur de santé publique que représente l’Antibiorésistance. Ce numéro fait le point sur la situation et présente la stratégie déployée à l’échelle nationale pour tenter de contrer cette menace à travers le « Programme Prioritaire de Recherche contre l’Antibiorésistance » lancé en 2020.
Die soziale Angststörung – ein Update
Authors: Plag Jens , Hoyer Jürgen
Published: October 2022

Es kann passieren, dass man sich vermeintlich peinlich oder insuffizient
verhält; kurzfristige Gefühle wie Scham oder Selbstzweifel
bleiben meist jedoch ohne Bedeutung. Kommt es aber zu überzogenen und
überdauernden Befürchtungen oder signifikantem
Vermeidungsverhalten, kann es sich um eine soziale Angststörung (SAS)
handeln. Der vorliegende Artikel bietet eine Übersicht über den
aktuellen Stand der Ätiologie, Diagnostik und Therapie der SAS.
Recording cutaneous silent period parameters in hereditary and acquired neuropathies
Authors: Neves Eduardo Luis de A. , Silva José Rodrigo S.
Published: October 2022

Background Cutaneous silent period (CSP) is the interruption in muscle activity after painful stimulation of a sensory nerve.

Objective The aim of the present study is to assess CSP changes in patients with polyneuropathy (PNP).

Methods The present study was carried out to assess CSP in individuals with diabetes (DM) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. The sample comprised 24 individuals with DM, 10 individuals with CMT1 disease, and 10 individuals with CMT2 disease. The control group (CG) consisted of 59 individuals.

Results The mean latencies recorded for the upper limbs in the CG were 79.2 milliseconds (onset latency), 69.3 milliseconds (50% reduction latency), 112.2 milliseconds (end latency), and 33.1 milliseconds (CSP duration). On the other hand, the mean latencies recorded for the lower limbs were 99.0 milliseconds (onset latency), 85.0 milliseconds (50% reduction latency), 136.9 milliseconds (end latency), and 38.2 milliseconds (CSP duration). The mean latencies recorded for the CG were significantly lower than the ones recorded for other groups, both in the upper and lower limbs.

Conclusions Cutaneous silent period values recorded for the CG in the present study were close to the ones reported in studies available in the literature. Abnormal CSP parameters were observed in the group of individuals with PNP. The end latency in the lower limbs helped differentiating the demyelinating subgroup from the axonal one.
Predictors of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism or Arterial Thrombotic Events during and after Anticoagulation for a First Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Noumegni Steve Raoul , Tromeur Cécile , Hoffmann Clément , Mao Raphael Le , Moigne Emmanuelle Le , Moreuil Claire de , Mansourati Vincent , Nasr Bahaa , Gentric Jean-Christophe , Guegan Marie , Poulhazan Elise , Bressollette Luc , Lacut Karine , Didier Romain , Couturaud Francis
Published: October 2022

After first episodes of venous thromboembolism (VTE), patients are at increased risk of recurrent VTE and arterial thrombotic events (ATE) compared with the general population, two disorders that are influenced by anticoagulation. However, risk factors of these conditions occurring during and after anticoagulation are little described. Using cause-specific hazard regression models, we aimed to determine risk factors of the composite outcome recurrent VTE/ATE, and separately recurrent VTE or ATE, during and after anticoagulation in patients with first episodes of VTE from a prospective cohort. Hazard ratios (HRs) are given with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 2,011 patients treated for at least 3 months were included. A total of 647 patients had recurrent VTE/ATE (incidence: 4.69% per patient-years) during overall follow-up (median: 92 months). Of these events, 173 occurred during anticoagulation (incidence: 3.67% per patient-years). Among patients free of events at the end of anticoagulation, 801 had a post-anticoagulation follow-up ≥3 months; and 95 had recurrent VTE/ATE (incidence: 1.27% per patient-years). After adjustment for confounders, cancer-associated VTE (HR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.70–4.11) and unprovoked VTE (HR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.35–2.81) were the identified risk factors of recurrent VTE/ATE during anticoagulation (vs. transient risk factor–related VTE). Risk factors of recurrent VTE/ATE after anticoagulation included 50 to 65 years of age (vs. < 50, HR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.04–3.81), older than 65 years (vs. < 50, HR: 5.28, 95% CI: 3.03–9.21), and unprovoked VTE (vs. transient risk factor–related VTE, HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.27–3.34). Cancer-associated VTE and unprovoked VTE are the main risk factors of recurrent VTE/ATE during anticoagulation, while older age and unprovoked VTE mainly predict the risk of these events after anticoagulation.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A conversational analysis of aging in China from a cross-section of the labour market: a corpus-based study
Authors: Xiao Yonghe , Li Jingxuan
Published: October 2022

Modern society is undergoing rapid technological growth and urbanisation. Despite the positive changes, there are still vulnerable categories of the population that cannot adapt so quickly to the new realities. The ageing process in the developed countries of Europe, America and Southeast Asia raises the issue of further labour market development. In this regard, it is vital to understand the linguistic picture of a quickly ageing labour market, such as China. Drawing on Conversation Analysis, this study aims to investigate the impact of the ageing process on the labour market and identify age-related trends in communication, behaviour and attitude. The focus is on the socio-economic context. The most important finding is that in most contexts, the language behaviour of ageing labour market participants leaned on three underpinning factors: age, social status and exposure to emotional pressure. Older adults in the Chinese labour market value their informal status, accept social hierarchy, follow strict etiquette rules, tend to self-victimise, and complain about feeling vulnerable. The present findings can help social workers in China improve care for ageing adults and allow other researchers to investigate older people’s participation in the labour market.
A machine learning photon detection algorithm for coherent x-ray ultrafast fluctuation analysis
Authors: Chitturi Sathya R. , Burdet Nicolas G. , Nashed Youssef , Ratner Daniel , Mishra Aashwin , Lane T. J. , Seaberg Matthew , Esposito Vincent , Yoon Chun Hong , Dunne Mike , Turner Joshua J.
Published: October 2022

X-ray free electron laser experiments have brought unique capabilities and opened new directions in research, such as creating new states of matter or directly measuring atomic motion. One such area is the ability to use finely spaced sets of coherent x-ray pulses to be compared after scattering from a dynamic system at different times. This enables the study of fluctuations in many-body quantum systems at the level of the ultrafast pulse durations, but this method has been limited to a select number of examples and required complex and advanced analytical tools. By applying a new methodology to this problem, we have made qualitative advances in three separate areas that will likely also find application to new fields. As compared to the “droplet-type” models, which typically are used to estimate the photon distributions on pixelated detectors to obtain the coherent x-ray speckle patterns, our algorithm achieves an order of magnitude speedup on CPU hardware and two orders of magnitude improvement on GPU hardware. We also find that it retains accuracy in low-contrast conditions, which is the typical regime for many experiments in structural dynamics. Finally, it can predict photon distributions in high average-intensity applications, a regime which up until now has not been accessible. Our artificial intelligence-assisted algorithm will enable a wider adoption of x-ray coherence spectroscopies, by both automating previously challenging analyses and enabling new experiments that were not otherwise feasible without the developments described in this work.
Notch-filtered adiabatic rapid passage for optically driven quantum light sources
Authors: Wilbur G. R. , Binai-Motlagh A. , Clarke A. , Ramachandran A. , Milson N. , Healey J. P. , O’Neal S. , Deppe D. G. , Hall K. C.
Published: October 2022

We present a driving scheme for solid-state quantum emitters, referred to as Notch-filtered Adiabatic Rapid Passage (NARP), that utilizes frequency-swept pulses containing a spectral hole resonant with the optical transition in the emitter. NARP enables high-fidelity state inversion and exhibits robustness to variations in the laser pulse parameters, benefits that are derived from the insensitivity of the condition for adiabatic evolution. NARP also offers the advantage of immunity to phonon-mediated excitation-induced dephasing when positively chirped control pulses are used. Our resonant driving approach could be combined with spectral filtering of the scattered pump light and photonic devices for enhanced collection efficiency to realize simultaneous high indistinguishability and brightness in single photon source applications.
Stability of the 2D anisotropic Boussinesq equations with mixed partial dissipation
Authors: Ma Liangliang , Li Lin , Liu Dongbing
Published: October 2022

Stability is an important property of solutions to many fluid flow equations. In this paper, we focus on the stability problem for two-dimensional Boussinesq equations with only vertical viscosity and horizontal thermal diffusion near a stratified, hydrostatic equilibrium in the domain Ω=T×R, where T=[−12,12] is a 1D periodic box. We are mainly concerned with the H2-stability of global solutions when the initial data are closed to an equilibrium state and sufficiently small. Due to the lack of horizontal viscosity in velocity equations and vertical thermal diffusion in temperature equation, this problem seems to be not trivial and becomes particularly difficult. In order to achieve our main goal, we divide the velocity field and temperature into two parts: the horizontal average and the remaining oscillation part. Besides, we fully exploit the Lt2Lx2-norm of ∂xu2 to help us dominate the nonlinear parts. Our result shows that with a small initial perturbation, there exists a unique global solution to the stated Boussinesq equations. In addition, the perturbation remains small for all time. In particular, our result also demonstrates the stabilizing effect of internal gravity waves, which are induced by the stratified background hydrostatic state.
Signatures of spin-liquid state in a 3D frustrated lattice compound KSrFe2(PO4)3 with S = 5/2
Authors: Boya K. , Nam K. , Kargeti K. , Jain A. , Kumar R. , Panda S. K. , Yusuf S. M. , Paulose P. L. , Voma U. K. , Kermarrec E. , Kim Kee Hoon , Koteswararao B.
Published: October 2022

A quantum spin-liquid is a spin disordered state of matter in which spins are strongly correlated and highly entangled with low-energy excitations. It has been often found in two-dimensional S = ½, highly frustrated spin networks but rarely observed in three-dimensional (3D) frustrated quantum magnets. Here, KSrFe2(PO4)3, forming a complicated 3D frustrated lattice with a spin moment S = 5/2, is investigated by thermodynamic, neutron diffraction measurements and electronic structure calculations. Despite the relatively sizable Curie–Weiss temperature θCW = −70 K, a conventional magnetic long-range order is confirmed to be absent down to 0.19 K. The magnetic heat capacity data follow the power-law behavior at the lowest temperature region, supporting gapless excitations in a 3D spin-liquid state. Strong geometrical spin frustration responsible for the spin-liquid feature is understood as originating from the almost comparable five competing nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interactions, which form the complicated 3D frustrated spin network. All these results suggest that the compound KSrFe2(PO4)3, representing a unique 3D spin frustrated network, could be a rare example of forming a gapless spin-liquid state even with a large spin moment of S = 5/2.
First-principles electronic structure investigation of HgBa2Can−1CunO2n+2+x with the SCAN density functional
Authors: Tatan Alpin N. , Haruyama Jun , Sugino Osamu
Published: October 2022

We perform first-principles calculations to study the electronic structure of HgBa2Can−1CunO2n+2+x copper oxides up to n = 6 for the undoped parent compound (x = 0) and up to n = 3 for the doped compound (x > 0) by means of the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) density functional. Our calculations predict an antiferromagnetic insulator ground state for the parent compounds with an energy gap that decreases with the number of CuO2 planes. We report structural, electronic, and magnetic order evolution with x, which agrees with the experiments. We find an enhanced density of states at the Fermi level at x ≈ 0.25 for the single-layered compound. This manifests in a peak of the Sommerfeld parameter of electronic specific heat, which has recently been discussed as a possible signature of quantum criticality generic to all cuprates.
Beam-pointing verification using x-ray pinhole cameras on the 60-beam OMEGA laser
Authors: Stoeckl C. , Cao D. , Ceurvorst L. , Kalb A. , Kwiatkowski J. , Shvydky A. , Theobald W.
Published: October 2022

On the OMEGA laser system, the beam-pointing accuracy is verified by irradiating a 4 mm diameter Au-coated spherical target with ∼23 kJ of laser energy. Up to ten x-ray pinhole cameras record the x-ray emission from all 60-beam spots. A new set of algorithms has been developed to improve the accuracy of the pointing evaluation. An updated edge-finding procedure allows one to infer the center of the sphere with subpixel accuracy. A new approach was introduced to back-propagate the pixel locations on the 2D image to the 3D surface of the sphere. A fast Fourier transform-based de-noising method significantly improves the signal-to-noise of the data. Based on the beam-pointing analysis, hard-sphere calculations of the laser-drive illumination uniformity on the target surface and the decomposition of the illumination distribution into lower order modes (1–10) are evaluated.
X-ray source characterization and sample heating on x-ray diffraction experiments at the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Krygier A. , Wehrenberg C. E. , Bernier J. V. , Clarke S. , Coleman A. L. , Coppari F. , Duffy T. S. , Gorman M. G. , Hohenberger M. , Kalantar D. , Kemp G. E. , Khan S. F. , Krauland C. , Kraus R. G. , Lazicki A. , MacDonald M. J. , MacPhee A. G. , Marley E. , Marshall M. C. , May M. , McNaney J. M. , Millot M. , Ping Y. , Poole P. L. , Rygg J. R. , Schneider M. , Sio H. , Stoupin S. , Swift D. , Yeamans C. , Zobrist T. , Smith R. F. , Eggert J. H.
Published: October 2022

X-ray diffraction is a powerful measurement technique for determining material properties, and it is now possible to perform these experiments at pressures exceeding 1 TPa [Rygg et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 043902 (2020)] at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The x-ray source for these experiments is the quasi-monochromatic Heα emission from metal foils heated to multi-keV temperatures. A critical aspect for understanding the sample's thermodynamic state is the amount of heating caused by absorption of the probe x-rays. In this work, we characterize the performance of the Ge foil x-ray source over more than 60 NIF x-ray diffraction experiments. We use this information to constrain the level of diffraction sample heating from the x-ray source and discuss the impact on the thermodynamic state.
Attenuation of magneto-induced yield stress by magnetic carrier liquid in magnetorheological fluids
Authors: Li Shixu , Yu Miao , Liu Jun , Fu Jie , Gan Ruyi , Li Yaping , Yao Haojie , Qi Song
Published: October 2022

Magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) are composed of magnetic particles and carrier liquid that yield stress responses to the external magnetic field, a phenomenon called the magnetorheological effect. In this work, the attenuation of magneto-induced yield stress in an MRF caused by magnetic carrier liquid was observed. Compared with that of MRFs with nonmagnetic carrier liquid, the average critical strain was correspondingly increased by 53.17%, and the maximum dynamic and static yield stress were reduced by 12.98% and 13.58%, respectively. The attenuation was attributed to the magnetic carrier liquid shunting more magnetic flux density than the nonmagnetic fluid, thus decreasing the magnetization of the magnetic particles. The weakened electromagnetic interaction between particles reduced the strength of the particle chains under the magnetic field, thereby reducing the magneto-induced yield stress. A theoretical model based on the magnetism characterization in the relative permeability of carrier liquid was proposed to explain the attenuation of the electromagnetic force for particles. A physics model of magneto-mechanical coupling was simulated in COMSOL to reveal the attenuation phenomenon. Compared with that when the nonmagnetic carrier liquid with relative permeability of 1 was used, the electromagnetic force in the calculation curves was increased by 26.94 times and decreased by 99.95% when the relative permeability was 0.1 and 10 000, respectively. This work provides a methodology for the intensive mechanism study of magneto-induced yield stress.
Wall-attached temperature structures in supersonic turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Yuan Xianxu , Tong Fulin , Li Weipeng , Chen Jianqiang , Dong Siwei
Published: October 2022

It is well known that low- and high-speed velocity streaks are statistically asymmetric. However, it is unclear how different the low- and high-temperature structures (T-structures) are even though they are strongly coupled with the streamwise velocity. Therefore, this paper identifies three-dimensional wall-attached temperature structures in supersonic turbulent boundary layers over cooled and heated walls (coming from direct numerical simulations) and separates them into positive and negative families. Wall-attached T-structures are self-similar; especially, the length and width of the positive family are linear functions of the height. The superposed temperature variance in both positive and negative families exhibits a logarithmic decay with the wall distance, while the superposed intensity of the wall-normal heat flux in the negative family shows a logarithmic growth. The modified strong Reynolds analogy proposed by Huang, Coleman, and Bradshaw [“Compressible turbulent channel flows: DNS results and modelling,” J. Fluid Mech. 305, 185–218 (1995)] is still valid in the negative family. The relative position between T-structures of opposite signs depends on the wall temperature and that in the cooled-wall case differs significantly from the relative position between low- and high-speed streaks, especially those tall ones. In the cooled-wall case, although positive temperature fluctuations below and above the maximum of the mean temperature can cluster to large-scale wall-attached structures, they are very likely dynamically unrelated.
Promoting data quality and reuse in archaeology through collaborative identifier practices
Authors: Kansa Eric C. , Kansa Sarah Whitcher
Published: October 2022

Investments in data management infrastructure often seek to catalyze new research outcomes based on the reuse of research data. To achieve the goals of these investments, we need to better understand how data creation and data quality concerns shape the potential reuse of data. The primary audience for this paper centers on scientific domain specialists that create and (re)use datasets documenting archaeological materials. This paper discusses practices that promote data quality in support of more open-ended reuse of data beyond the immediate needs of the creators. We argue that identifier practices play a key, but poorly recognized, role in promoting data quality and reusability. We use specific archaeological examples to demonstrate how the use of globally unique and persistent identifiers can communicate aspects of context, avoid errors and misinterpretations, and facilitate integration and reuse. We then discuss the responsibility of data creators and data reusers to employ identifiers to better maintain the contextual integrity of data, including professional, social, and ethical dimensions.
Dating the Paleolithic: Trapped charge methods and amino acid geochronology
Authors: Penkman Kirsty E. H. , Duller Geoff A. T. , Roberts Helen M. , Colarossi Debra , Dickinson Marc R. , White Dustin
Published: October 2022

Despite the vast array of different geochronological tools available, dating the Paleolithic remains one of the discipline’s greatest challenges. This review focuses on two different dating approaches: trapped charge and amino acid geochronology. While differing in their fundamental principles, both exploit time-dependent changes in signals found within crystals to generate a chronology for the material dated and hence, the associated deposits. Within each method, there is a diverse range of signals that can be analyzed, each covering different time ranges, applicable to different materials and suitable for different paleoenvironmental and archaeological contexts. This multiplicity of signals can at first sight appear confusing, but it is a fundamental strength of the techniques, allowing internal checks for consistency and providing more information than simply a chronology. For each technique, we present an overview of the basis for the time-dependent signals and the types of material that can be analyzed, with examples of their archaeological application, as well as their future potential.