bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Study of Airborne Particulate Matter in Dalnegorsk Town
Authors: Kholodov Aleksei S. , Tarasenko Irina A. , Zinkova Ekaterina A. , Teodoro Michele , Docea Anca Oana , Calina Daniela , Tsatsakis Aristidis , Golokhvast Kirill S.
Published: September 2021

Mines, quarries, dumps, and tailings are the sources of air pollution. In the Dalnegorsk District (Primorsky Krai, Russia), there are 20 polymetallic deposits. This study aimed to evaluate the particle size and material composition of ambient particulate matter (PM) in Dalnegorsk town and verify the influence of mining and chemical industry facilities on the composition of PM. Ambient particulates were analyzed in samples of snow cover and washout from vegetation (conifer tree needles). According to particle size distribution data, the relative content of particles with a diameter up to 10 microns (PM10) reaches 40% in three snow samples taken in the central part of the town. Among ore minerals, pyrite and arsenopyrite predominated in the samples. In addition, sphalerite, galena, cassiterite, and iron–chromium–nickel formations of various shapes were found in the studied particles. The presence of these metals in airborne PM can negatively affect the incidence rate of PM-associated diseases and the determination of their levels are very useful for air pollution prevention strategies.
Overshoot of the Respiratory Exchange Ratio during Recovery from Maximal Exercise Testing in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Patti Alessandro , Neunhaeuserer Daniel , Gasperetti Andrea , Baioccato Veronica , Vecchiato Marco , Battista Francesca , Marchini Francesco , Bergamin Marco , Furian Lucrezia , Ermolao Andrea
Published: September 2021

The overshoot of the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during recovery from exercise has been found to be reduced in magnitude among patients with heart failure. The aim of this study is to investigate whether this phenomenon could also be present in patients with peripheral, and not cardiac, limitations to exercise such as kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). In this retrospective cross-sectional study, KTRs were evaluated with maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) assessing the RER overshoot parameters during recovery: the RER at peak exercise, the maximum RER value reached during recovery, the magnitude of the RER overshoot (RER mag = (RER max-peak RER)/peak RER%) and the linear slope of the RER increase after the end of exercise. A total of 57 KTRs were included in the study (16 females), all of them showing a significant RER overshoot (RER mag: 28.4 ± 12.7%). Moreover, the RER mag showed significant correlations with the fitness of patients (peak VO2: ρ = 0.57, p < 0.01) and cardiorespiratory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope: r = −0.32, p < 0.05; oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES): r = 0.48, p < 0.01). Indeed, the RER mag was significantly different between the subgroups stratified by Weber’s fitness class or a ventilatory efficiency class. Our study is the first to investigate recovery of the RER in a population of KTRs, which correlates well with known prognostic CPET markers of cardiorespiratory fitness, determining the RER mag as the most meaningful RER overshoot parameter. Thus, the RER recovery might be included in CPET evaluations to further improve prognostic risk stratifications in KTRs and other chronic diseases.
An In Vitro Analysis on Polyurethane Foam Blocks of the Insertion Torque (IT) Values, Removal Torque Values (RTVs), and Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) Values in Tapered and Cylindrical Implants
Authors: Comuzzi Luca , Tumedei Margherita , D’Arcangelo Camillo , Piattelli Adriano , Iezzi Giovanna
Published: September 2021

Background: Several different dental implant microgeometries have been investigated in the literature for use in low-density bone sites. The polyurethane solid rigid blocks represent an optimal in vitro study model for dental implants, because their composition is characterized by symmetrical linear chains of monomers of hexa-methylene sequences producing a self-polymerization process. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the primary stability of cylindrical and tapered implants positioned into low-density polyurethane solid rigid blocks. Materials and Methods: Two different macrogeometries, cylindrical (4 mm diameter and 10 mm length) and tapered dental implants (4.20 mm diameter and 10 mm length), were investigated in the present study. The implants were inserted into 10 PCF and 20 PCF polyurethane blocks, with and without an additional cortical layer. The insertion torque (IT) values, the removal torque values (RTVs), and the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values were measured and recorded. Results: A total of 80 sites were tested, and a significant increased primary stability (PS) was detected in favour of tapered dental implants when compared to cylindrical implants in all experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Higher IT, RT, and RFA values were measured in tapered implants in 10 and 20 PCF polyurethane blocks, both with and without the additional cortical layer. Conclusions: Both implants showed sufficient primary stability in poor density substrates, while, on the other hand, the tapered microgeometry showed characteristics that could also lead to clinical application in low-density posterior maxillary sites, even with a drastically decreased bone cortical component.
The Effects of Sprint vs. Resisted Sled-Based Training; an 8-Week in-Season Randomized Control Intervention in Elite Rugby League Players
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , Edmundson Christopher James , Metcalfe John , Bottoms Lindsay , Atkins Stephen , Bentley Ian
Published: September 2021

The aim of the current study was to examine the efficacy of resisted sled-based training compared to traditional unresisted sprint training in terms of mediating improvements in speed, agility, and power during an eight-week period of in-season training in elite rugby league players. Participants were randomly separated into either resisted sled or traditional sprint-based training groups and they completed an eight-week in-season training block with training prescribed based on the group to which they were assigned. Measures of 5 m, 10 m, and 20 m sprint times in addition to countermovement jump height and 505-agility test time were measured at baseline, four-weeks and eight-weeks. For sprint-based outcomes, although both groups improved significantly, there were no statistical differences between the two training methods. However, at the eight-week time point there were significant improvements in 505-agility test (sprint group: baseline = 2.45 and eight-weeks = 2.42 s/sled group: baseline = 2.43 and eight-weeks = 2.37 s) and countermovement jump (sprint group: baseline = 39.18 and eight-weeks = 39.49 cm/sled group: baseline = 40.43 and eight-weeks = 43.07 cm) performance in the sled training group. Therefore, the findings from this investigation may be important to strength and conditioning coaches working in an elite rugby league in that resisted sled training may represent a more effective method of sprint training prescription.
Non-Conveyance Due to Patient-Initiated Refusal in Emergency Medical Services: A Retrospective Population-Based Registry Analysis Study in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Moafa Hassan N. , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Moukhyer Mohammed E. , Alqahtani Dhafer M. , Haak Harm R.
Published: September 2021

This research study aimed to investigate the association between demographic and operational factors and emergency medical services (EMS) missions ending in non-conveyance (NC) due to patient-initiated refusal (PIR). We conducted a retrospective population-based registry study by analyzing 67,620 EMS missions dispatched to the scene during 2018 in the Riyadh province. First, the number and percentages of conveyances statuses were calculated. Then, using crude and adjusted linear and logistic regression analysis, we determined which characteristics were predictors of NC due to PIR. We found that 23,991 (34.4%) of missions ended in NC due to PIR, and 5969 ended in EMS-initiated refusal (8.6%). NC rates due to PIR were higher for women, adults, for missions in Riyadh city, during nighttime, for medical emergencies, and for advanced life support (ALS) crews. We also found the following additional predictors significantly associated with the odds of NC due to PIR in crude regression analyses: age category, geographical location, EMS-shift, time of call, emergency type, and response time. We conclude that the NC rate represents half of all missions for patients requesting EMS, and the rate in Riyadh city has increased compared to previous studies. Most NC cases occur for the highest urgency level of medical emergency type in Riyadh city during the nighttime with ALS crews. NC due to PIR involves younger patients more than elderly, and females more than males. This study’s findings have provided empirical evidence that indicate that conducting further studies involving EMS providers, patients, and the public to identify precise and detailed reasons is required.
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese-Language Attitude toward Physical Activity Scale: A Confirmatory Study on Chinese Children
Authors: Zhou Yanli , He Sensen , Zhou Ke , Kuan Garry , Chin Ming-Kai , Kueh Yee Cheng , Sabo Abdulwali , Popeska Biljana , Durstine J. Larry
Published: September 2021

Background: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Attitude toward Physical Activity Scale (APAS) using a cross-sectional design. Methods: The sample consisted of 692 primary students in China (boy 52.6%, girl 47.4%). The mean age of the participants was 9.4 years (SD = 0.92). Psychometric properties of the 57-item APAS was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The hypothesized seven factors model was supported by CFA (CFI = 0.912, TLI = 0.901, SRMR = 0.041, RMSEA = 0.029) after 22 items were removed and the inclusion of seven residual covariance for items loaded on the same factor. Cronbach’s alphas of the scales ranged between 0.50 and 0.76. The composite reliability (CR) was between 0.50 and 0.75. All inter-factor correlation coefficient was less than 0.85. Conclusions: Findings provided empirical evidence that the Chinese version of the APAS has adequate psychometric properties for assessing attitudes of primary school children in China toward physical activity.
Healthy Leadership and Workplace Health Promotion as a Pre-Requisite for Organizational Health
Authors: Koinig Isabell , Diehl Sandra
Published: September 2021

(1) Background: Increasing stress levels at the workplace constitute a concerning organizational trend, challenging not only employees but also organizations alike, as it is in most instances associated with increasing workloads. In consequence, employees have started to demand that organizations begin to accept responsibility for their health and well-being. The present contribution seeks to investigate, to which extent individuals are able to deal with stress and whether their employers and respective supervisors (leaders) accept responsibility for their health, for instance, by leading by example. In addition, the existence and support generated by the organization in form of Workplace Health Promotion (WPHP) is inquired. (2) Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 40 (full and part-time) employees from two European countries were conducted. (3) Results: The study with employees from Austria and Germany (n = 40) confirmed that employees have started to recognize the potential of the workplace as an environment, where individual health can be enhanced. Yet, the results showed that only a few companies have already put some WPHP measures into practice. Likewise, the implementation of healthy leadership is rather limited to date. (4) Conclusions: At present, companies are still more likely to delegate responsibility for employee health and well-being to their staff, having not fully realized the potential of healthy leadership and organizational health promotion. There is great potential to increase WPHP measures on the employer side, through both healthy leadership and supporting WPHP measures.
Occupational Disruptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Association with Healthcare Workers’ Mental Health
Authors: Smallwood Natasha , Pascoe Amy , Karimi Leila , Bismark Marie , Willis Karen
Published: September 2021

Background: The COVID-19 crisis has caused prolonged and extreme demands on healthcare services. This study investigates the types and prevalence of occupational disruptions, and associated symptoms of mental illness, among Australian frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A national cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 27 August and 23 October 2020. Frontline healthcare workers were invited to participate via dissemination from major health organisations, professional associations or colleges, universities, government contacts, and national media. Data were collected on demographics, home and work situations, and validated scales of anxiety, depression, PTSD, and burnout. Results: Complete responses were received from 7846 healthcare workers (82.4%). Most respondents were female (80.9%) and resided in the Australian state of Victoria (85.2%). Changes to working conditions were common, with 48.5% reporting altered paid or unpaid hours, and many redeployed (16.8%) or changing work roles (27.3%). Nearly a third (30.8%) had experienced a reduction in household income during the pandemic. Symptoms of mental illness were common, being present in 62.1% of participants. Many respondents felt well supported by their workplaces (68.3%) and believed that workplace communication was timely and useful (74.4%). Participants who felt well supported by their organisation had approximately half the risk of experiencing moderate to severe anxiety, depression, burnout, and PTSD. Half (50.4%) of respondents indicated a need for additional training in using personal protective equipment and/or caring for patients with COVID-19. Conclusions: Occupational disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic occurred commonly in health organisations and were associated with worse mental health outcomes in the Australian health workforce. Feeling well supported was associated with significantly fewer adverse mental health outcomes. Crisis preparedness focusing on the provision of timely and useful communication and support is essential in current and future crises.
Psychological and Social Components of Recovery Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Athletes: A Narrative Review
Authors: Vutescu Emil Stefan , Orman Sebastian , Garcia-Lopez Edgar , Lau Justin , Gage Andrew , Cruz Aristides I.
Published: September 2021

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury in young athletes. To restore knee stability and function, patients often undergo ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Historically, there has been a focus in this population on the epidemiology of ACL injury, the technical aspects of ACL reconstruction, and post-operative functional outcomes. Although increasingly recognized as an important aspect in recovery, there remains limited literature examining the psychological aspects of post-operative rehabilitation and return to play following youth ACL reconstruction. Despite technical surgical successes and well-designed rehabilitation programs, many athletes never reach their preinjury athletic performance level and some may never return to their primary sport. This suggests that other factors may influence recovery, and indeed this has been documented in the adult literature. In addition to restoration of functional strength and stability, psychological and social factors play an important role in the recovery and overall outcome of ACL injuries in the pediatric population. Factors such as psychological readiness to return-to-play (RTP), motivation, mood disturbance, locus of control, recovery expectations, fear of reinjury, and self-esteem are correlated to the RTP potential of the young athlete. A better understanding of these concepts may help to maximize young patients’ outcomes after ACL reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to perform a narrative review of the current literature addressing psychosocial factors associated with recovery after ACL injury and subsequent reconstruction in young athletes. Our goal is to provide a resource for clinicians treating youth ACL injuries to help identify patients with maladaptive psychological responses after injury and encourage a multidisciplinary approach when treating young athletes with an ACL rupture.
Integrative Review of Exercise at Altitude during Pregnancy
Authors: McManis Beth G.
Published: September 2021

Many competitive and elite athletes continue to train throughout their pregnancies and many visit or live at altitude. The purpose of this integrative review is to synthesize, analyze and critique published studies regarding the safety of serious recreational or elite athletes exercising at altitude while pregnant. Seven databases were searched, and 157 documents were located, which were screened for appropriateness and reduced to seven articles that met the criteria. The studies were analyzed based on maternal and fetal outcomes. Current recommendations for exercising at altitude were based on sedentary individuals who frequently did not have the expected physiological responses based on research on pregnancy and altitude. It is unknown whether competitive and elite athletes would have similar responses to exercise at altitude. More research on exercise at altitude on individuals with a variety of fitness levels is needed.
Growth Factors, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Metformin—Promoters of the Wound Healing Process in Burns?
Authors: Miricescu Daniela , Badoiu Silviu Constantin , Stanescu-Spinu Iulia-Ioana , Totan Alexandra Ripszky , Stefani Constantin , Greabu Maria
Published: September 2021

Burns can be caused by various factors and have an increased risk of infection that can seriously delay the wound healing process. Chronic wounds caused by burns represent a major health problem. Wound healing is a complex process, orchestrated by cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, free radicals, clotting factors, and nitric oxide. Growth factors released during this process are involved in cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Reactive oxygen species are released in acute and chronic burn injuries and play key roles in healing and regeneration. The main aim of this review is to present the roles of growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and metformin in the healing process of burn injuries.
Advanced Technologies to Target Cardiac Cell Fate Plasticity for Heart Regeneration
Authors: Testa Gianluca , Di Benedetto Giorgia , Passaro Fabiana
Published: September 2021

The adult human heart can only adapt to heart diseases by starting a myocardial remodeling process to compensate for the loss of functional cardiomyocytes, which ultimately develop into heart failure. In recent decades, the evolution of new strategies to regenerate the injured myocardium based on cellular reprogramming represents a revolutionary new paradigm for cardiac repair by targeting some key signaling molecules governing cardiac cell fate plasticity. While the indirect reprogramming routes require an in vitro engineered 3D tissue to be transplanted in vivo, the direct cardiac reprogramming would allow the administration of reprogramming factors directly in situ, thus holding great potential as in vivo treatment for clinical applications. In this framework, cellular reprogramming in partnership with nanotechnologies and bioengineering will offer new perspectives in the field of cardiovascular research for disease modeling, drug screening, and tissue engineering applications. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress in developing innovative therapeutic strategies based on manipulating cardiac cell fate plasticity in combination with bioengineering and nanotechnology-based approaches for targeting the failing heart.
NKT and NKT-like Cells in Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases—Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Authors: Zarobkiewicz Michał K. , Morawska Izabela , Michalski Adam , Roliński Jacek , Bojarska-Junak Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

NKT cells comprise three subsets—type I (invariant, iNKT), type II, and NKT-like cells, of which iNKT cells are the most studied subset. They are capable of rapid cytokine production after the initial stimulus, thus they may be important for polarisation of Th cells. Due to this, they may be an important cell subset in autoimmune diseases. In the current review, we are summarising results of NKT-oriented studies in major neurological autoimmune diseases—multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome and their corresponding animal models.
Peptides Derived from Angiogenin Regulate Cellular Copper Uptake
Authors: Tabbì Giovanni , Cucci Lorena Maria , Pinzino Calogero , Munzone Alessia , Marzo Tiziano , Pizzanelli Silvia , Satriano Cristina , Magrì Antonio , La Mendola Diego
Published: September 2021

The angiogenin protein (ANG) is one of the most potent endogenous angiogenic factors. In this work we characterized by means of potentiometric, spectroscopic and voltammetric techniques, the copper complex species formed with peptide fragments derived from the N-terminal domain of the protein, encompassing the sequence 1-17 and having free amino, Ang1-17, or acetylated N-terminus group, AcAng1-17, so to explore the role of amino group in metal binding and cellular copper uptake. The obtained data show that amino group is the main copper anchoring site for Ang1-17. The affinity constant values, metal coordination geometry and complexes redox-potentials strongly depend, for both peptides, on the number of copper equivalents added. Confocal laser scanning microscope analysis on neuroblastoma cells showed that in the presence of one equivalent of copper ion, the free amino Ang1-17 increases cellular copper uptake while the acetylated AcAng1-17 strongly decreases the intracellular metal level. The activity of peptides was also compared to that of the protein normally present in the plasma (wtANG) as well as to the recombinant form (rANG) most commonly used in literature experiments. The two protein isoforms bind copper ions but with a different coordination environment. Confocal laser scanning microscope data showed that the wtANG induces a strong increase in intracellular copper compared to control while the rANG decreases the copper signal inside cells. These data demonstrate the relevance of copper complexes’ geometry to modulate peptides’ activity and show that wtANG, normally present in the plasma, can affect cellular copper uptake.
Oligomeric and Fibrillar Species of Aβ42 Diversely Affect Human Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Bernabeu-Zornoza Adela , Coronel Raquel , Palmer Charlotte , López-Alonso Victoria , Liste Isabel
Published: September 2021

Amyloid-β 42 peptide (Aβ1-42 (Aβ42)) is well-known for its involvement in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ42 accumulates and aggregates in fibers that precipitate in the form of plaques in the brain causing toxicity; however, like other forms of Aβ peptide, the role of these peptides remains unclear. Here we analyze and compare the effects of oligomeric and fibrillary Aβ42 peptide on the biology (cell death, proliferative rate, and cell fate specification) of differentiating human neural stem cells (hNS1 cell line). By using the hNS1 cells we found that, at high concentrations, oligomeric and fibrillary Aβ42 peptides provoke apoptotic cellular death and damage of DNA in these cells, but Aβ42 fibrils have the strongest effect. The data also show that both oligomeric and fibrillar Aβ42 peptides decrease cellular proliferation but Aβ42 oligomers have the greatest effect. Finally, both, oligomers and fibrils favor gliogenesis and neurogenesis in hNS1 cells, although, in this case, the effect is more prominent in oligomers. All together the findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathology of AD and to the development of human neural stem cell-based therapies for AD treatment.
R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor SmMYB52 Positively Regulates Biosynthesis of Salvianolic Acid B and Inhibits Root Growth in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Authors: Yang Rao , Wang Shengsong , Zou Haolan , Li Lin , Li Yonghui , Wang Donghao , Xu Hongxing , Cao Xiaoyan
Published: September 2021

The dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza is a renowned traditional Chinese medicine that was used for over 1000 years in China. Salvianolic acid B (SalB) is the main natural bioactive product of S. miltiorrhiza. Although many publications described the regulation mechanism of SalB biosynthesis, few reports simultaneously focused on S. miltiorrhiza root development. For this study, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene (SmMYB52) was overexpressed and silenced, respectively, in S. miltiorrhiza sterile seedlings. We found that SmMYB52 significantly inhibited root growth and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) accumulation, whereas it activated phenolic acid biosynthesis and the jasmonate acid (JA) signaling pathway. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that SmMYB52 suppressed the transcription levels of key enzyme-encoding genes involved in the IAA biosynthetic pathway and activated key enzyme-encoding genes involved in the JA and phenolic acid biosynthesis pathways. In addition, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase assay showed that SmMYB52 directly binds to and activates the promoters of several key enzyme genes for SalB biosynthesis, including SmTAT1, Sm4CL9, SmC4H1, and SmHPPR1, to promote the accumulation of SalB. This is the first report of a regulator that simultaneously affects root growth and the production of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza.
Results of traditional massage therapy for various spine curvations
Authors: Molor R. , Tseendagva D. , Odontsetseg G. , Minasov T. B. , Yakupova Е. R.
Published: September 2021

The causes of spinal curvature can be excessive and uneven carrying of weight on the back, spinal injuries, as well as being immobile for a long time can lead to atrophy of the back muscles. Modern diagnostic methods are very important, but not informative enough. To relieve pain syndrome, muscle spasm, therapeutic massage, acupressure, rubbing, acupuncture, compresses, mineral water, clay therapy, cupping massage are used. All this is widely used, however, unfortunately, there are no studies that explain at what stages of the pathology, which therapy should be preferred. Therefore, in the course of treatment of spinal deformities with traditional massage, research on the quality of life of patients before and after treatment is also needed.
Pricing and cost accounting: challenges for healthcare organizations in a market economy
Authors: Korchagina L.M.
Published: September 2021

The development of health care aims to improve access and quality while reducing costs. An important part of this is improving pricing models to more accurately reflect the costs of health care delivery. Transparent, cost-reflective pricing is needed to communicate information to consumers and manufacturers. This information is central to a consumer-driven marketplace. Healthcare organizations today must focus as much on financial performance and profitability as they do on patient care. This means that healthcare executives must be well versed in cost accounting and budgeting. This article explores pricing issues and the problems associated with cost accounting in healthcare organizations. The author considers application of a method of the account of the expenses based on identification of processes within the firm and allocation of expenses in proportion to their use (method ABC).
Maintaining separate accounting of VAT costs in the field of medical care: accounting policy and methodology for maintaining separate accounting of VAT costs
Authors: In’kova A.I. , Tarasova O.N.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the features of maintaining separate accounting of VAT in the field of medical care and provides recommendations for drawing up an accounting policy when maintaining separate accounting of VAT costs by organizations. The problematic of the article is relevant in the context of the preparation of a VAT tax return and the need to form tax accounting registers for it, which confirm the VAT deductions of the organization. In this regard, when preparing quarterly reports, accompanying documents must be prepared, which are supplemented when maintaining separate accounting of VAT costs with an accounting reference, which determines the share of VAT costs that the organization has the right to set off. To compile the accounting statement of the calculation, one should consider the specificity of the medical organization, and follow the accounting policy of the organization. Thus, the article has prepared an algorithm for creating an organization’s accounting policy in terms of maintaining separate accounting of VAT costs and presents calculations when compiling an accounting reference-calculation that organizations should carry out to create it to prove the legality of VAT deduction.
Career intentions and perceptions of general practice on entry to medical school: baseline findings of a longitudinal survey at three UK universities
Authors: Darnton Richard , Massou Efthalia , Brimicombe James , Kinnear John , Tisi Roger , Burns Alys , Wood Diana F , Wilkinson Paul O
Published: September 2021

Background

Medical graduates from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge have a lower intention to become GPs compared with other UK medical graduates. It is not clear to what extent this difference is present on admission to medical school.

Aim

To compare the career intention and influencing factors of students on admission to different UK medical schools.

Design & setting

First year of a 6-year prospective cohort study of medical students admitted in autumn 2020 to the three East of England medical schools: University of East Anglia (UEA), University of Cambridge (UOC), and Anglia Ruskin University (ARU).

Method

An online survey instrument was administered at the beginning of the first year. This measured self-reported career interests and various influencing factors, including perceptions of general practice.

Results

UOC students declared a lower intention to become a doctor, a higher likelihood of choosing careers in pathology and public health, and a much lower likelihood of becoming a GP than students of UEA or ARU (all at P<0.001). In all three schools, the phrases least associated with general practice were 'opportunities for creativity/innovation' and 'research/academic opportunities', whereas the phrases most associated with general practice were 'favourable working hours' and 'flexibility'. However, research/academic opportunities were far more important, and favourable working hours far less important, to UOC students (P<0.001 for both) than to students of UEA or ARU.

Conclusion

UOC students’ lower intention to become a GP appears to be present on entry to medical school. This may be explained in part by these students placing a higher importance on research/academic opportunities, combined with the widely held perception that GP careers lack these opportunities.
Vital signs, clinical rules, and gut feeling: an observational study among patients with fever
Authors: Latten Gideon HP , Claassen Lieke , Coumans Lucinda , Goedemondt Vera , Brouwer Calvin , Muris Jean WM , Cals Jochen WL , Stassen Patricia M
Published: September 2021

Background

GPs decide which patients with fever need referral to the emergency department (ED). Vital signs, clinical rules, and gut feeling can influence this critical management decision.

Aim

To investigate which vital signs are measured by GPs, and whether referral is associated with vital signs, clinical rules, or gut feeling.

Design & setting

Prospective observational study at two out-of-hours (OOH) GP cooperatives in the Netherlands.

Method

During two 9-day periods, GPs performed their regular work-up in patients aged ≥18 years with fever (≥38.0°C). Subsequently, researchers measured missing vital signs for completion of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score. Associations between the number of referrals, positive SIRS and qSOFA scores, and GPs’ gut feelings were investigated.

Results

GPs measured and recorded all vital signs required for SIRS criteria and qSOFA score calculations in 24 of 108 (22.2%) assessed patients, and referred 45 (41.7%) to the ED. Higher respiratory rates, temperatures, clinical rules, and gut feeling were associated with referral. During 7-day follow-up, nine (14.3%) of 63 patients who were initially not referred were admitted to hospital.

Conclusion

GPs measured and recorded all vital signs for SIRS criteria and qSOFA score in one-in-five patients with fever, and referred half of 63 patients who were SIRS-positive and almost all of 22 patients who were qSOFA-positive. Some vital signs and gut feeling were associated with referral, but none were consistently present in all patients who were referred. The vast majority of patients who were not initially referred remained at home during follow-up.
Complicações da terceiro ventriculostomia endoscópica em lactentes e relação com falha do procedimento: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Paiva Clara , Peixoto Maria Virgínia Marques , Salomão José Francisco Manganelli
Published: September 2021

Introdução. A terceiro ventriculostomia endoscópica (TVE) é uma opção de tratamento para hidrocefalia. Alguns fatores, como menor idade e etiologia, são considerados como de risco para falha da cirurgia. Os lactentes são população de risco para falha e desenvolvimento de complicações. Objetivo. O objetivo dessa revisão foi descrever as complicações sofridas por lactentes e identificar quais se relacionam com falha da TVE. Método. Revisão da literatura utilizando os descritores das bases Lilacs, Pubmed e Embase referentes a lactente e falha de TVE. Leitura de resumos e textos completos aplicando critérios de exclusão e por fim análise de qualidade do artigo, a fim de sintetizar a melhor evidencia científica acerca do tema. Resultados. Foram relatadas as seguintes complicações: fistula liquórica, crise convulsiva, sangramento intraventricular, lesão de fórnice, coleção subdural, diabetes insipidus, infecção, alteração da mirada conjugada, hiponatremia, diabetes insipidus e piora de espasticidade prévia. As mais frequentemente relatadas foram hemorragia intraventricular e fístula liquórica, ambas se relacionaram com falha da TVE. Infecção intraventricular também se relacionou com falha da cirurgia. Conclusão. As principais complicações de TVE descritas em lactentes foram hemorragia intraventricular e fístula liquórica, ambas se relacionaram com a falha da TVE. A infecção intraventricular/meningite também foi associada à falha da cirurgia.
Myeloid Heterogeneity in Kidney Disease as Revealed through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Bell Rachel M.B. , Denby Laura
Published: September 2021

Kidney disease represents a global health burden of increasing prevalence and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Myeloid cells are a major cellular compartment of the immune system; they are found in the healthy kidney and in increased numbers in the damaged and/or diseased kidney, where they act as key players in the progression of injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. They possess enormous plasticity and heterogeneity, adopting different phenotypic and functional characteristics in response to stimuli in the local milieu. Although this inherent complexity remains to be fully understood in the kidney, advances in single-cell genomics promise to change this. Specifically, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has had a transformative effect on kidney research, enabling the profiling and analysis of the transcriptomes of single cells at unprecedented resolution and throughput, and subsequent generation of cell atlases. Moving forward, combining scRNA- and single-nuclear RNA-seq with greater-resolution spatial transcriptomics will allow spatial mapping of kidney disease of varying etiology to further reveal the patterning of immune cells and nonimmune renal cells. This review summarizes the roles of myeloid cells in kidney health and disease, the experimental workflow in currently available scRNA-seq technologies, and published findings using scRNA-seq in the context of myeloid cells and the kidney.
Atenção à saúde mental de crianças nas unidades básicas de saúde: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Souza Helena Carollyne da Silva , Santos Jessyca Victória Sales , Garcia Ronilda Bordó de Freitas , Tenório Edilene Silva , da Silva José Augusto Lopes , da Silva Érika Amorim
Published: September 2021

Anteriormente à reforma psiquiátrica, o modelo de atenção à saúde da criança era focalizado predominantemente aos aspectos físicos e biológicos, com o surgimento do modelo psicossocial, a criança passou a “ser ouvida” deixando de ser considerada apenas como alguém a ser disciplinado, mas sim que necessita de cuidados, apoio social e psicológico. OBJETIVO: A partir dessa mudança de paradigma, o objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar problemas de saúde mental nas crianças usuárias das Unidades Básicas de Saúde, além de identificar fatores positivos para o tratamento dos problemas de saúde mental na infância (PSM). METODOLOGIA: revisão de literatura das publicações referentes à atenção à saúde mental de crianças nas UBS, a estratégia de busca foi realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde: Lilacs, e SciELO. Com os descritores: centro de saúde, atenção primária à saúde, saúde mental, crianças e UBS. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram divididos nos seguintes tópicos, de acordo com a literatura consultada : Principais PSM na infância nas Unidades básicas de saúde, impasses e fatores protetivos na Assistência à saúde mental infantil nas UBS; atenção à saúde mental na infância e atitudes que contribuem para uma assistência integral; diálogo entre equipe e famílias; discussão de casos entre as equipes da UBS; enfrentamento da violência doméstica contra crianças, problemas de saúde mental em crianças: interseções entre Escola e UBS; Clínica Ampliada e unidade básica de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Qualificações de psicólogas(os) para o ambiente das UBS com relação ao atendimento infantil em saúde mental, abordagem interdisciplinar de profissionais especializados em saúde mental, tratamento em equipe multidisciplinar e presença da família, são fatores positivos para o tratamento das crianças. Os principais Problemas de saúde mental, podem estar relacionados a fatores psicossociais, que em contextos diversos influenciam negativamente na saúde mental das crianças, cabe aos profissionais compreender a integralidade do sujeito, para o desenvolvimento de intervenções e tratamentos mais eficazes.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA KAMPUS KRAMAT RAYA
Authors: Purnomo D , Farida Kania , Ependi Nur Haris
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine how big the influence of motivation and competence on employee performance at the LP3I Polytechnic Jakarta Kramat Raya Campus. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method through questionnaires, with a population of 85 people and the sample is 85 people so that the sample calculation uses the census method. The first result of this study is that there is a significant positive effect between motivation on employee performance with an influence strength of 36.4%, the second result is that employee competence has a significant positive effect on employee performance with an influence strength of 45.5%, the third result is motivation. work and competence together affect employee performance by 49.6% while 50.4% is explained by other variables not examined in this study.

Keywords: Motivation, Competence, and Employees’ Performance
PENGARUH PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN BERDAMPAK LOYALITAS DALAM BERBELANJA ONLINE PADA SHOPEE
Authors: Kartini Iis , Wibowo Edi Wahyu , Sugiyanto Eko
Published: September 2021

High competition in the retail industry has urged producers to distribute all of their products so that they are accessible to all consumers. Convenience and speed are important factors so that customers can immediately enjoy the most convenient goods to reach quickly. The purpose of this study was to determine how the effect of promotion on customer satisfaction has an impact on loyalty in online shopping at Shopee. This type of research is quantitative with a path analysis system with data collection tools using purposive sampling. The sample in this study were 100 responden who had done online shopping at Shopee. In this study, to test the validity & reliability there are several indicators that are invalid after 3 times of testing, only valid & reliable results can be obtained. From the t-test analysis, it is found that the promotion variable has a positive effect on the satisfaction and customer loyalty variables. Likewise, the consumer satisfaction variable has a positive effect on the loyalty variable in online shopping at Shopee. Even though the results are good, it is suggested that Shopee should increase its offline promotional activities such as making sponsorships, making bazaars or direct sales so that consumers will be more satisfied. This will make consumers more loyal by later being able to provide recommendations to friends / relatives and when there is competition between market places, consumers will still choose Shopee as the first choice of online shopping place.

Keywords: Promotion, customer satisfaction, loyalty, online shopping.

 
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH DAN PERSEPSI NILAI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA SITUS LAZADA
Authors: Susmonowati Trinik , Khotimah Husnul
Published: September 2021

As technology develops, people begin to change their lifestyle in shopping transactions that previously had to go out of home to buy necessities, nowadays only need gadgets that have internet networks to shop through online markets. This study aims to determine the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth and perceived value on purchasing decisions on Lazada. The population in this research is all North Jakarta people who have made a purchase through the Lazada with total sample 150 respondent. The data collection techniques in this study were nonprobability sampling techniques with accidental sampling techniques. This study used a quantitative approach and questionnaires as a primary data. Testing the hypothesis in this study using a single linear regression and multiple linear regression using software spss 24. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect between electronic word of mouth regarding purchasing decisions on Lazada. There is a positive and significant effect between perceived values of purchasing decisions on Lazada. And together there is a positive and significant effect between electronic word of mouth and perceived value of purchasing decisions on the Lazada at 53.9% while the remaining 46.1% is determined by other variables not included in this study.

Keyword: Electronic Word of Mouth, Perceived Value, Purchasing Decisions.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN MAHASISWA MELANJUTKAN PENDIDIKAN DI STMIK BANI SALEHH
Authors: Maryati Mami , Gumay Marliza Ganefi
Published: September 2021

Along with the increasing public awareness of higher education, it becomes a motivation to continue their education to higher education. Prospective students are faced with many choices of universities. Through promotions, it offers various study programs and displays its potential and advantages such as complete facilities and strategic locations. This study is to determine the factors that influence the decision of students to continue their education to higher education at STMIK Bani Saleh. The type of data used is primary data, namely STMIK Bani Saleh students majoring in informatics engineering with a total of 185 respondents. Data analysis used path analysis while data processing used SPSS 2.0. The results showed that the factors that influenced student decisions were cost of 26.2%, facilities of 7.1%, promotion of 2.7% and motivation of 17.56%.

Key words: Factors, Decisions, Costs, Facilities, Promotion, Motivation, Student Decisions, Path Analysis
EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PENDIRIAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA
Authors: Sudrajat Tatang
Published: September 2021

The state has provided a lot of welfare to the citizens of rural communities, who make up the largest part of this nation. Socio-economic welfare as a public interest has been pursued by the state with its authority, including in the form of a policy to establish Village Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa). The issuance of Law Number 6 of 2014, PP Number 43 of 2014 and the Village Regulation of PDTT Number 4 of 2015 relating to the interests of the village community, became a strong foundation for the establishment of BUM Desa. In Karawang Regency, this was followed up with the issuance of Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 and Perbup Number 35 of 2020. One of the problems when public policy was implemented started from the substance of policies that were bad policy, unclear, not operational/incomplete, ambiguous, and contradictory. The research uses normative juridical methods and literature review. The results of the study indicate that the issue of welfare of rural communities is embodied in various state/government regulations. There is a relationship between the local government as an operational policy maker and the policy environment as well as a hierarchical relationship with policy makers regarding BUM Desa at the national level. There are several policy substances that are considered bad policies, because they are unclear, not operational/incomplete, ambiguous and contradictory. This will have implications for the ineffective implementation of BUM Desa policies by implementers at the lowest level of government.

Keywords : evaluation, public policy, village-owned enterprises
PENGARUH WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT DAN STRESS KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PENYIDIK MELALUI MOTIVASI KERJA
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani , Liswandi Liswandi , Darwis Amri
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted at Special Crime Directorate of the National Police Criminal Investigation Unit with the title Effect of Work-Family Conflict and Work Stress on Investigator Performance through Motivation as an Intervening Variable. The formulations of the problems are: (1) how do work-family conflict and work stress affect the motivation of investigators; (2) how do work-family conflict and work stress affect the performance of investigators; (3) how do work motivation affect the performance of investigators; and (4) how do work-family conflict and work stress affect the performance of investigators. This research is a quantitative research, carried out in a cross-sectional manner, using the method of causality by conducting hypothesis testing. The data used are primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires directly to 139 respondents. Data analysis uses a structural equation model or Structural Equation Model (SEM) with data processing using Partial Least Square (PLS) version 3. This analysis is used to determine how much influence the independent variables are Work Family-Conflict and Job Stress on the dependent variable are Investigator Performance and Work Motivation. The results showed that: (1) work-family conflict and work stress have a negative and significant effect on the motivation of investigators; (2) work-family conflict and work stress have a negative and significant effect on the performance of investigators; (3) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of the investigators; and (4) work-family conflict and work stress have a negative and significant effect on the performance of investigators through work motivation.

Keywords: Work-Family Conflict, Job Stress, Motivation, Investigator Performance.