bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed Electric Propulsion and Flight Control Concept to Meet EASA SC-VTOL-01 10‐9 Catastrophic Failure Criteria
Authors: Darmstad Patrick R. , Pathak Sheevangi , Mistry Mihir P. , Chen Ephraim , Arkebauer Andrew , Beiderman Allan , Dillard Caitlin
Published: September 2024

The objective of the current work was to develop an all-electric distributed propulsion and flight control (DPFC) architecture that will have no more than 10‐9 catastrophic failures per flight hour (pfh). The DPFC architecture was broken into four system design teams: (i) electrical
power and distribution system, (ii) drive and power system, (iii) thermal management system, and (iv) flight control system. System designs were updated and iterated upon, working with reliability and safety analysis teams to develop compliant designs. The firm designs were reflected in a
preliminary system safety assessment (PSSA) for initial verification of compliance. Additionally, design and analysis excursions are presented in which aircraft attributes were modified to investigate sensitivities to propulsion type, number of rotors, and control schemes. Excursion results
found that all aircraft evaluated likely have paths to comply with the stringent, probabilistic catastrophic failure criteria. However, stability and control models showed large power transients that must be addressed, and PSSA results show that future work is needed in single load path structures,
high voltage power storage and distribution, and motor/rotor overspeed protection.
Psoriasis in women with psoriatic arthritis: hormonal effects, fertility, and considerations for management at different stages of life
Authors: Cassalia F. , Belloni Fortina A.
Published: September 2024

Objective. This review examines skin manifestations in women with spondyloarthritis, with a particular focus on psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and associated psoriasis.
Methods. A narrative review of the bibliography was conducted using the main databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE).
Results. The review showed that the clinical course of PsA and psoriasis in women is influenced by hormonal fluctuations that occur at different stages of life, such as menstruation, pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause. Gender differences in the epidemiology of PsA and psoriasis are discussed and attributed to biological, hormonal, and environmental differences. The role of estrogen in modulating immune responses and its impact on the severity of PsA and psoriasis are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the psychosocial impact of visible skin lesions on women’s quality of life and fertility problems associated with psoriasis. Treatment strategies are also taken into account, favoring personalized approaches that consider the safety of treatments during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Conclusions. The review highlights the importance of a holistic and gender-sensitive approach to the management of PsA and psoriasis in women, promoting the integration of physical treatment with support for emotional well-being.
Evaluating the impact of polycythemia vera on retinal and optic nerve head microvascularity: An OCTA study
Authors: Cicek Meryem Feyza , Oba Turker , Ağın Abdullah , Ayer Mesut , Onder Feyza
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

This study aims to assess the impact of polycythemia vera (PV) on retinal and optic nerve head (ONH) vessel density (VD) parameters, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness compared to healthy controls.

Methods:

Forty eyes of 20 patients with PV and 40 eyes of 20 age-gender-matched healthy controls underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic assessments and optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). RNFL and macular GCC measurements were obtained simultaneously with vascular parameters by AngioVue OCTA using the single-scan protocol. Peripapillary VD was examined across eight sectors, whereas parameters including RNFL, GCC, and macular VD were analyzed in four quadrants.

Results:

Patients with PV exhibited significant reductions in the average RNFL thickness (P = 0.014) and RNFL thickness in superior (P < 0.001) and inferior (P = 0.003) quadrants compared to controls. Additionally, mGCC thickness in all quadrants significantly reduced in the PV group (P < 0.001). ONH VD parameters, including whole-image VD (P < 0.001) and peripapillary VD (P < 0.001), were significantly reduced in patients with PV. Similarly, macular VD parameters were significantly lower in the PV group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

This study highlights substantial vascular and structural alterations in the retina and ONH of patients with PV compared to healthy controls. These changes likely stem from microvascular dysfunction associated with PV. These findings suggest further research to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapeutic strategies for managing ocular complications in patients with PV.
Comparison of reactivation between ranibizumab and bevacizumab in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity: A retrospective case series
Authors: Gangwe Anil Babanrao , Ekumankama Chibuzo B , Singh Abhishek , Parchand Swapnil Madhukar , Agrawal Deepshikha , Azad Raj Vardhan
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To compare the incidence, type, interval for reactivation, and structural outcomes in infants with aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (A-ROP) treated with ranibizumab or bevacizumab.

Method:

It is a single-center, retrospective, consecutive, case series. We included infants with A-ROP which were initially treated with either intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR, 0.25 mg) or intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB, 0.625 mg) between January 2017 and December 2023. The infants were followed up for reactivation. The demographic and clinical data were collected. The time, zone, type of reactivation, its treatment, type of final structural outcome, and factors associated with reactivation were analyzed.

Results:

One hundred eight among the 322 infants with A-ROP were included in the study. Fifty-five received IVR, while 53 received IVB. Infants treated with IVR had higher incidence of reactivation (92.7% vs 52.8%, P < 0.001) at an earlier interval than IVB (7.7 weeks vs 12.8 weeks, P < 0.001). Infants treated with IVR had approximately 3.3 times higher possibility of reactivation than those treated with IVB. Three infants (5.9%) in the IVR group and five (9.4%) in the IVB group attained complete vascularization of the retina (P = 0.72). More infants treated with IVB had regression with a persistent avascular retina (PAR) than IVR (52.8% vs 15.7%, P < 0.001). Infants in the IVB group had 10 times higher possibility of regression with PAR.

Conclusion:

Infants of A-ROP treated with IVR have a higher incidence and earlier reactivation, while those treated with IVB have less incidence and delayed reactivation, albeit with a higher possibility of regression with a PAR.
Long-term follow-up after lens-sparing vitrectomy for complications of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Gopal Lingam , Bhende Pramod , Rao Chetan , Sen Parveen , Sharma Tarun , Dasgupta Debarati
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To report the long-term anatomical and functional results of lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design:

Retrospective study.

Methods:

This is a study of 23 eyes of 16 patients with stage 4 ROP who underwent lens-sparing vitrectomy at a tertiary care center and had a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. The main outcome measures are the retinal status and visual outcome at the final follow-up.

Results:

After a mean follow-up of 7.36 years, the lenses remained clear in 69.57%; anatomical success in terms of the attached retina was achieved in 19/23 eyes (82.61%) and vision of ≥6/24 was achieved in 8/23 eyes (34.78%), whereas navigational vision (≥1/60) was achieved in 16/23 (69.56%). The mean spherical equivalent was −8.50 + 6.39 diopters. High myopia (≥7 dsph) was noted in 43.47% of patients. The severity of myopia was not related to previous lasers and was less severe in eyes with posterior pole residual folds compared to normalized fundus or eyes with macular drag but no fold. At the final follow-up, 3/16 (18.75%) patients had bilateral blindness due to total retinal detachments and 11/16 (68.75%) had recorded functional vision in one or both eyes, whereas two others could potentially be having vision but could not be evaluated.

Conclusions:

The long-term results of lens-sparing vitrectomy for stage 4 ROP are favorable with a majority retaining clear lenses and attached retina and two-thirds having functional vision.
Primary implantation of glaucoma drainage device in secondary glaucoma: Comparison of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant versus Ahmed glaucoma valve
Authors: Pathak-Ray Vanita
Published: September 2024

Glaucoma drainage devices are invaluable in the management of secondary/ refractory glaucomas. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) and the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) in filtration-surgery-naïve secondary glaucoma eyes. For this purpose, a retrospective, comparative review was conducted on patients with secondary glaucoma (open and closed) who underwent primary tube procedures, either AADI or AGV. The primary outcome measure was intraocular pressure (IOP), and secondary measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), number of antiglaucoma medications (AGMs), and complications. This study included 59 eyes in the AADI group with a mean follow-up of 20.3 ± 12.9 months and 61 eyes in the AGV group with a mean follow-up of 19.8 ± 11.8 months. Preoperative IOP, AGM use, and BCVA did not significantly differ between the groups. However, at the last visit, both IOP and AGM use were significantly lower in the AADI group (12.9 ± 3.7 mmHg and 0.6 ± 0.9 vs. 15.7 ± 2.7 and 1.8 ± 1.0 respectively, all p < .001). Moreover, the AADI group exhibited a significantly higher rate of complete success (57.6%) compared to the AGV group (14.7%, p < .001); corresponding qualified success was 91.5% and 80.3%. Serious complication rates were comparable between the two groups. In conclusion, toth AADI and AGV procedures effectively reduced IOP and the need for AGMs. However, the reductions were significantly greater in the AADI group, which also showed a higher rate of complete success. Considering its affordability, AADI could have a substantial positive impact, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
Diurnal changes of corneal epithelial and stromal thickness maps and visual quality in mild form of Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy
Authors: Krolo Iva , Bećirević Aida Kasumović , Radman Ivana , Kasumović Armin , Matoc Ines , Guarro Idoia Goñi , Sabol Ivan
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To investigate the functional and structural daily variations in eyes with a mild form of Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).

Methods:

This prospective study included 30 eyes with the mild form of FECD. Subjects underwent functional and structural testing at 8 AM, 2 PM, and 8 PM. Testing included measurement of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected twilight vision (TV), and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) testing (Vista Vision Far-Pola, DMD MedTech charts). Corneal epithelial and stromal parameters were evaluated with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AngioVue, AvantiRTVue-XR; Optovue, CA, USA).

Results:

UDVA, TV, and CSF for spatial frequencies B, C, and F showed significant changes during the day, with the lowest values in the morning (P < 0.0001 for UDVA, P = 0.0109 for TV, and P < 0.0001, P = 0.0126, and P = 0.0471 for the three spatial frequencies, respectively). There was no significant change in epithelial parameters between visits. Central corneal thickness showed significant decrease during the day (P < 0.0001), as did the central stromal thickness on the 5- and 7-mm maps (P = 0.0002 and P < 0.0001, respectively), stromal thickness in the superior section of the 5-mm map (P = 0.0107), stromal thickness in the inferior section of the 7-mm map (P = 0.0002), and minimal stromal thickness on both maps (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

A significant negative correlation was found between central stromal thickness and TV, implying that simultaneous evaluation of corneal layers and visual quality may be useful in assessing FECD.
The impact of hydroxybutyl chitosan and 5-fluorouracil on the procedure of endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Lin Jia Qi , Zhao Jin , Liu Xun , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , Wang Qing , Zhu Li , Lin Ting
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

To investigate the effects of hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBCS) with and without 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) during endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (Endo-DCR). In addition, the present study observed the impact of HBCS and 5-FU on the functions of the nasal mucosal cell population in vivo.

Methods:

Patients were randomized into HBCS (group A), HBCS combined with 5-FU (group B), and gelatin sponge control group (group C). 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology examined the conjunctival sac and nasal flora changes. In addition, CCK8, cell scratching, and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of HBCS and 5-FU on the nasal mucosal cell populations.

Results:

Subjects in groups A, B, and C had anastomotic areas of 21.83 ± 12.69 mm2, 21.57 ± 14.53 mm2, and 12.45 ± 8.16 mm2, respectively (P = 0.0359). Group A had less severe epiphora than the other two groups at 1-, 2-, and 12-week postoperative follow-up (P < 0.05). Complications around the anastomosis in group A were the least severe of the three groups (P = 0.0259). After surgery, the proportion of pathogenic bacteria in the conjunctival sac and nasal cavity was higher in groups A and B than in healthy adults. At the 2-week follow-up, the structure of nasal flora in group A was more similar to that of the healthy adults compared to group B.

Conclusion:

Intraoperative use of HBCS at the anastomose improves the postoperative outcome of En-DCR. 5-FU cannot give better postoperative results in En-DCR and is detrimental to the normalization of the postoperative flora in patients with chronic dacryocystitis. At the cellular level, both HBCS and 5-FU inhibit the migration of nasal mucosal cell populations, and 5-FU inhibits proliferation but does not promote apoptosis.
Comprehensive review of angioid streaks
Authors: Kandasamy Sindhuja , Shaikh Nawazish , Surve Abhidnya , Kumari Somya , Bhayana Amber A. , Kumar Pradeep , Chawla Rohan , Kumar Vinod
Published: September 2024

Angioid streaks are irregular breaks in the brittle Bruch’s membrane and commonly present as pigmented linear lines radiating from the optic disc. They may be associated with systemic disease in up to 50% of the patients. Systemic diseases such as pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Paget’s disease, and hemoglobinopathies are commonly associated with angioid streaks. However, they may be idiopathic in a small number of cases. Patients may be asymptomatic until complications such as choroidal neovascular membrane and subretinal hemorrhage involving the fovea develop. Due to the brittle nature of Bruch’s membrane, even minor trauma could lead to subretinal hemorrhage in these eyes. Diagnosis is commonly made through clinical examination and investigations such as fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography. Treatment consists of management of the choroidal neovascular membrane commonly through intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections. In this review, we provide an overview of angioid streaks right from their epidemiology to their management.
Diaphragmatic Injuries in Patients with Penetrating Thoracoabdominal Injuries without Shock or Acute Abdomen at Admission
Authors: González-Muñoz Alejandro , González Laura Otálora , Pinzón María Paula Fontecha , Cadavid Angela Cristina Ríos , Herrera Cristina Judith Padilla , Monroy Danny Michell Conde , Rodríguez-Narváez José Gabriel , Lima David Rene Rodriguez
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries (PTAIs) are associated with diaphragmatic injuries and subsequent complications. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of diaphragmatic injuries in patients with PTAI without signs of shock or acute abdomen at admission.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, single-centered study was conducted in Bogotá, Colombia. The study included all patients with PTAI who underwent surgical exploration and were admitted without signs of shock or acute abdomen, between January 2019 and August 2021. Indications for surgical exploration included presence of left thoracoabdominal wound, hemo- or pneumothorax in presurgical imaging, abdominal pain, hypotension, or anemia.

Results:

A total of 284 patients were included in the final analysis. The median age was 29 years (interquartile range: 22–33), with 269 (94.7%) patients being males. Out of these, 268 (94.3%) patients experienced stabbing as the mechanism of injury. The prevalence of diaphragmatic injuries diagnosed during surgical exploration was 15.1% (43 patients). There were 183 patients with left-sided PTAI and 115 patients with right-sided PTAI. The prevalence of the right diaphragmatic injury was 25.2% (29 patients), while for left diaphragmatic injury, it was 8.1% (15 patients). Only one patient presented with bilateral diaphragmatic injury.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of diaphragmatic injuries in patients with PTAI, without signs of shock or acute abdomen upon admission, was 15.1%. However, the prevalence was 25.2% in the right PTAI and 8.1% in the left PTAI. These findings suggest that surgical exploration of the diaphragm in cases of PTAI should be performed regardless of the side of the wound.
Role of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Assessment of Lateral Wall Thickness of Maxillary Sinus in Posterior Edentulous Maxilla
Authors: Giri Debanti , Lalrawngbawli F. , Giri Tapan K. , Biswas Debabrata , Banerjee Saurav , Banerjee Tridib N.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To use Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the lateral wall thickness (LWT) of the maxillary sinus in the posterior edentulous maxilla, as well as the effect of ridge height (RH), edentulous region, type of edentulism (Complete and partial), age, and gender, for the placement of dental implants.

Materials and Methods:

To conduct this cross-sectional study, A CBCT scan of 60 patients of different age groups was taken for analysis. Each parameter was evaluated at the edentulous sites in the premolar and molar regions due to missing one or more posterior teeth at four levels from sinus floor 3, 7, 10, and 15 mm with residual RH less than 10 mm. Data were analyzed using Friedman’s ANOVA and one-way ANOVA. Bootstrapped linear regression was performed to assess the influence of various variables on LWT.

Results:

LWT increased from 3 mm to 15 mm in all teeth except the first premolar region, with significant differences (P < 0.01). LWT was generally lower in premolars and higher in molars. Age, gender, and RH did not predict LWT (P > 0.05), However, the type of edentulism significantly predicted LWT. (P = 0.005).

Conclusion:

CBCT scans are recommended before sinus surgeries due to anatomical variations.
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting as a Tool for Tissue Engineering: A Review
Authors: Dare Sneha C. , Bajaj Pavan S. , Wankhede Anand N. , Tawade Shubham U. , Manik Khyati N.
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The field of reconstructive and regenerative therapy has shown an increased amount of interest in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques in recent years. This technique applies 3D printing methods to tissue engineering, utilizing additive manufacturing techniques and bio-inks containing biomaterials and living cells. 3D bioprinting has the potential to create the lost tissue precisely. It provides control over the bio-ink component and printing structure, enabling the creation of spatially diverse constructs for the treatment, regeneration, and restoration of various maxillofacial abnormalities, and appears to be a promising alternative. As a result, this review aims to discuss the advancements in 3D bioprinting, including its multiple applications in regenerative and reconstructive dentistry, as well as future perspectives, such as the evolution of 4D bioprinting.
A Study on Patient Satisfaction and Prevalence of Complication on Surgical Extraction of Third Molar
Authors: Qurishi Ahtesham Ahmad , Bajonaid Amal , Mugri Maryam H. , Homeida Husham E. , Dawod Ogail Yousif , Alhijji Haider Hussain , Dayili Albaraa Abeid
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The surgical extraction of third molars is a common procedure often accompanied by various complications. This study evaluates patient satisfaction and the prevalence of complications to identify factors influencing postoperative outcomes.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 62 patients who underwent third molar extraction. Data on demographics, complications, and patient satisfaction were collected through medical records and structured questionnaires. Complications were assessed at 1 week and 1 month post surgery, and satisfaction was measured using a 5-point Likert scale.

Results:

The most common complications were pain (32.3%) and swelling (24.2%). Despite these issues, patient satisfaction scores were high, with pain management, communication, recovery experience, and overall satisfaction averaging above 4.0 on a 5-point scale. Severe complications such as nerve injury (4.8%) and trismus (8.1%) were less frequent.

Conclusion:

While minor complications are prevalent, effective pain management and communication contribute to high patient satisfaction following third molar extractions. Continued efforts to minimize complications can further improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Management of Impacted and Inverted Mesiodens - A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Shetty Vabitha , Shetty Rajmohan Y. , Mehrotra Deepshikha , Usman Amina , Prabhu Nagashree
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Supernumerary teeth represent a significant dental anomaly that has a notable impact on the primary and early mixed dentition, potentially leading to pathological disturbances in the development of permanent dentition. Mesiodens specifically refers to an additional tooth (erupted/unerupted) present in the midline between the two central incisors. This article describes two cases involving the surgical extraction of inverted and impacted mesiodens by using a minimally invasive surgical approach in children. Early extraction of supernumeraries can offer the advantage of minimizing loss of eruptive potential, space loss, and midline displacement. The decision on the treatment plan should be primarily influenced by the position of the mesiodens and its proximity to the permanent incisors.
Incidence and Pathological Analysis of Parasitic Infections in Underserved Communities
Authors: Raval Abhishek , Jadav Manan , Gohil Ritesh , Vora Maulik
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Parasitic infections remain a significant public health concern, particularly in underserved communities where access to healthcare and sanitation is limited. This study aims to investigate the incidence and pathological characteristics of parasitic infections in such communities, providing insights into the prevalence and impact of these infections on public health.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in underserved communities over a period of one year. A total of 500 participants were randomly selected and screened for parasitic infections through stool and blood samples. The samples were analyzed using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques to identify and quantify parasitic species. Pathological examinations were performed to assess the impact of infections on host tissues.

Results:

The incidence of parasitic infections was found to be 35% among the study population. The most common parasites identified were Ascaris lumbricoides (40%), Giardia lamblia (25%), and Entamoeba histolytica (20%). Pathological analysis revealed that Ascaris lumbricoides caused significant intestinal inflammation in 30% of infected individuals, while Giardia lamblia was associated with malabsorption syndrome in 15% of cases. Entamoeba histolytica was linked to liver abscesses in 10% of the infected participants.

Conclusion:

Parasitic infections are highly prevalent in underserved communities, with significant pathological impacts on affected individuals.
Bathing trunk nevus encased in tumorous growth on body − an eccentric entity!
Authors: Sushantika
Published: September 2024

Giant melanocytic nevoid lesions, over 20 cm in diameter, are referred to as ‘bathing trunk nevi’ or ‘giant congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN)’, and have an incidence of 1 in 2,00,000 to 1 in 5,00,000 neonates. Diffuse lipomatosis, von-Recklinghausen’s disease, neurocutaneous melanosis and malignant melanoma are a few serious pathologies that are sometimes linked to these lesions. They begin as dark brown to black patches with a smooth or rugose surface, hair-covered, clearly defined boundaries and frequently associated sporadic satellite lesions.

Between the 5th and 25th week of pregnancy, melanocytes of neuroectodermal origin may accumulate ectopically and cause these lesions. A multitude of histological elements, such as neuronal, lipomatous or any other, may be linked to giant CMN. The fact that these lesions are a progeny of pluripotent stem cells, which have the ability to develop into a variety of cell types, justifies this finding. Patients and their families have severe aesthetic and psychological concerns about these enormous pigmented nevi.
Characteristics and outcomes of reversible platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome in COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Tham Shuen-Loong , Lee Audrey Jia Yi , Tan Koh Kuan Cheryl , Seng Alfred Wai Ping
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is an uncommon clinical entity characterised by dyspnoea and platypnoea (oxygen desaturation that follows the assumption of an upright position from recumbency). Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, increasing reports of COVID-19-related POS and its associated morbidity have been reported around the world. We aimed to study the characteristics of COVID-19-related POS and orthodeoxia (including associations leading to a more prolonged orthodeoxia), and the postdischarge functional outcomes of patients with COVID-19-related POS.

Methods:

An observational cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital that managed post-COVID-19 patients. Twenty-four participants with severe-to-critical COVID-19 disease/pneumonia and POS, who received inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation, were enrolled. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed to describe POS/orthodeoxia characteristics and functional outcomes in these participants. Correlation analyses were carried out to identify significant factors associated with a prolonged orthodeoxia.

Results:

The mean duration of POS and orthodeoxia was 12.9 ± 8.3 days and 28.5 ± 14.6 days, respectively. All participants demonstrated resolution of POS and orthodeoxia by hospital discharge. On multivariable analysis, intensive care unit admission and maximal level of respiratory support were significantly associated with a prolonged duration of orthodeoxia. One participant was lost to follow-up. The remaining 23 participants achieved independence in self-care. With the exception of one patient, who was recovering from a hip fracture, the rest achieved independence in ambulation and independent community access.

Conclusion:

Resolution of orthodeoxia was observed in all our participants with COVID-19-related POS. Good functional outcome can be attained with timely and effective rehabilitation interventions.
Who Can Be Discharged Early? Factors Affecting the Length of Hospital Stay Post-thyroidectomy
Authors: Rammal Almoaidbellah , Alghaithi Sarah , Shaheen Abdulaziz , Alharbi Lama , Zuhairy Abdullah , Ashi Moheb , Alsomali Asim
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Thyroidectomy is the most common head-and-neck surgical procedure, generally considered a safe procedure in experienced hands. However, complications following thyroid surgery may occur. Despite its prevalence, there is a lack of studies in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia, on factors affecting the length of hospital stay (LHS) postthyroidectomy.

Study Aim:

This study aims to determine the factors that increase the LHS postthyroidectomy in a tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods:

This retrospective study included 792 patients aged 18 and above who underwent thyroidectomy at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 2012 to 2022. Data from medical records were analyzed using Chi-squared, Mann–Whitney, and Spearman’s tests.

Results:

The mean age of studied patients was 43.03 years, the majority of which were female (84.5%). The mean LHS was 3 days. Factors associated with prolonged LHS were: older age (mean 45 years), hypertensive female patients, chronic corticosteroids use, lower preoperative platelet, hematocrit, and calcium levels, as well as reduced postoperative parathyroid hormone and calcium levels, patients who underwent total thyroidectomy, and patients who had papillary carcinoma (P < 0.05). In addition, postoperative complications such as hypoparathyroidism, tracheal injury, hematoma, and infections had longer LHS (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:

While early discharge after thyroid surgery may be safe in certain cases, our findings suggest several factors influencing hospital stay duration. Patients presenting with these factors should be carefully evaluated to ensure optimal patient care.
Comparative Review of Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies in the Pediatric Age Group in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhejaily Mohammed , Mahfoz Turki M. Bin , Banjar Morad A. , Banjar Adel A.
Published: September 2024

Objective:

We aimed to identify the incidence of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children in the Al Madinah region and compare it with results from other studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Patients and Methods:

This was a retrospective analysis conducted at the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of Ohud Hospital in the Al Medina Al Mnoura Region, KSA. Patients who were admitted to our hospital over 5 years with a diagnosis of suspected foreign body (FB) inhalation and underwent bronchoscopy were included.

Results:

Of the 96 patients who were admitted and underwent bronchoscopy, 17 were excluded due to incomplete records. Ages ranged from 4 months to 13 years. Despite aspiration, bronchoscopy was negative in 24 patients. The duration from the onset of symptoms to bronchoscopy ranged from 1 h to over 1 month. The mean duration between aspiration and diagnosis was 19 days. The foreign bodies were mainly in the right main bronchus (in 26 patients), followed by the left main bronchus and trachea (11 each). The most common symptom was coughing, followed by choking and cyanosis.

Conclusion:

Bronchoscopy is the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic modality to prevent complications related to neglected FB aspiration. We recommend early referral to an appropriate hospital on suspicion or if symptoms persist. However, preventive measures through the media, parents, and general medical doctors remain the best means of protecting children.
Period Prevalence of Vertigo in College Students and Some Related Factors
Authors: Al-Momani Murad O.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Vertigo is a prevalent condition, leading individuals to seek medical consultation, often accompanied by headaches, lightheadedness, disequilibrium, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety. While extensive epidemiological studies have examined vertigo in adults and older populations, its prevalence among college students remains underexplored.

Objectives:

This study aims to estimate the 1-year period prevalence of vertigo disorders among college students and investigate potential correlated factors using the Situational Vertigo Questionnaire (SVQ).

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students from three public and three private universities in northern Jordan. A total of 1800 students completed the SVQ and provided sociodemographic data, yielding a high response rate of over 80%. The SVQ’s psychometric properties ensured reliable and valid measurement of vertigo symptoms. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant associations.

Results:

The 1-year prevalence of vertigo among college students was 38.8%. Significant correlations were found between higher SVQ scores and older age, female gender, smoking, regular medication use, and living in urban areas. Visual problems, headaches, and a family history of vertigo were significant predictors of vertigo severity whereas hearing problems were not significantly associated.

Conclusions:

Vertigo is a significant health concern among college students, influenced by various demographic and health-related factors. Addressing these factors through targeted interventions can promote student well-being and academic performance.

Limitations:

The study’s cross-sectional design, dependence on self-reported data, and focus on a specific geographic region limit the generalizability of its findings.

Recommendations:

Future research should include longitudinal studies, a more diverse demographic sample, and the use of objective measurements to improve the understanding and management of vertigo in college students. Furthermore, implementing awareness programs can help reduce the impact of vertigo on this population.
Impact of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy on Child Behavior and Quality of Life: A Prospective Study in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Fahad Z. , Alanazi Maha Muteb , Alshaibani Sara Khalid , Alahmari Lama Ali , Muaibed Rewiada Rashed Bin , Aljomah Dana S. , Alobida Nasser W. , Alturki Lulwah S. , Alwehaibi Nasser A. , Albalawi Yasser S. , Aloqaili Aqeel A.
Published: September 2024

Objective:

Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in children. Its results, in terms of relieving airway obstruction and decreasing the recurrence of infection, are well documented; however, its impact on the child’s behavior is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study was aimed at estimating the impact of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on child behavior and quality of life.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2022 and February 2023. Children aged 2–11 years scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy were included in this study. The parents were required to complete a validated child behavior checklist (CBCL) preoperatively and 3 months after the operation. T-scores were used to estimate the impact of the intervention.

Results:

Parents of 30 children aged 2–11 years completed the CBCL before and after the operation. Seventy percentage of the patients underwent adenotonsillectomy and 26.7% underwent adenoidectomy. Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed significant differences between the pre- and postoperative internalizing, externalizing, and complete CBCL scores (P = 0.042, P = 0.032, and P = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion:

Adenoidectomy with/without tonsillectomy resulted in a significant improvement in children’s behavior, as reflected by the significant change in postoperative CBCL scores, and could reduce emotional and behavioral problems in pediatric patients within a short time after surgery.
Corrigendum to “Morse boundaries of proper geodesic metric spaces”
Authors: Cordes Matthew , Sisto Alessandro , Zbinden Stefanie
Published: September 2024

We introduce refined Morse gauges to correct the proof and statement of Lemma 2.10 of [Groups Geom. Dyn. 11, 1281–1306 (2017)] written by the first author.
Polyhedral approximation and uniformization for non-length surfaces
Authors: Ntalampekos Dimitrios , Romney Matthew
Published: September 2024

We prove that any metric surface (that is, metric space homeomorphic to a

2

-manifold with boundary) with locally finite Hausdorff

2

-measure is the Gromov–Hausdorff limit of polyhedral surfaces with controlled geometry. We use this result, together with the classical uniformization theorem, to prove that any metric surface homeomorphic to the

2

-sphere with finite Hausdorff

2

-measure admits a weakly quasiconformal parametrization by the Riemann sphere, answering a question of Rajala–Wenger. These results have been previously established by the authors under the assumption that the metric surface carries a length metric. As a corollary, we obtain new proofs of the uniformization theorems of Bonk–Kleiner for quasispheres and of Rajala for reciprocal surfaces. Another corollary is a simplification of the definition of a reciprocal surface, which answers a question of Rajala concerning minimal hypotheses under which a metric surface is quasiconformally equivalent to a Euclidean domain.
Mitigating jamming attacks in underwater sensor networks using M‐Qubed‐based opportunistic routing protocol
Authors: Ryu Joonsu , Kim Sungwook
Published: September 2024

Routing in underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) is highly challenging because of harsh underwater conditions, such as deep water, high pressure, and rapid ocean currents. Furthermore, UWSNs are vulnerable to jamming attacks because of their limited bandwidth and battery capacity. Advancements in machine learning enable numerous routing methods to address these problems. Accordingly, we propose a novel max or minimax Q‐learning (M‐Qubed)‐based opportunistic routing method for UWSNs. The method uses an opportunistic routing protocol, in which nodes dynamically select the next relay node by considering the status of their neighbors. Moreover, M‐Qubed can maximize the benefits for both players in a two‐player repeated game through reinforcement learning. Hence, it can reduce the energy loss caused by jamming attacks during routing, thereby increasing the routing efficiency in UWSNs. Simulation results reveal that the proposed routing scheme is less affected by jamming attacks than existing state‐of‐the‐art routing methods. In addition, it can balance energy consumption across the nodes in a UWSN.
Steel, Welding Wire 1.05Cr - 0.55Ni - 1.0Mo - 0.07V (0.34 - 0.40C) (D6AC) Vacuum Melted, Environment-Controlled Packaging
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: September 2024

This specification covers a low-alloy steel in the form of welding wire.
Steel, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 12.5Cr (410), Annealed
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: September 2024

This specification covers a corrosion- and moderate heat-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate over 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) in nominal thickness.
Interés poblacional sobre salud laboral basado en las tendencias de búsqueda de información en las ediciones española e inglesa de Wikipedia: estudio infodemiológico
Authors: García-González María Teresa , Baquero-Moreno Irene , Escribano-Garcia Ana Maria , Buitrago-Leal Rosa
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Determinar y analizar las tendencias temporales de los patrones de búsqueda de información sobre salud laboral a través de Wikipedia.
Método: Estudio infodemiológico, descriptivo, ecológico y correlacional. Los datos sobre búsqueda de información se obtuvieron de la consulta online de Wikipedia, tanto la edición española [https://es.wikipedia.org/] como la inglesa [https://en.wikipedia.org/], a través del historial de cada página. Los términos consultados en la edición española fueron: “Seguridad y salud laboral”; “Accidente laboral”; “Medicina del trabajo” y “Enfermería del trabajo”. En la edición inglesa fueron: “Occupational safety and health”; “Work accident”; “Occupational medicine” y “Occupational health nursing”. Las variables estudiadas fueron: visitas, editores, ediciones, número de vigilantes, hito y estacionalidad. Las variables cualitativas se describieron por su frecuencia y porcentaje. Las variables cuantitativas se describieron mediante media, desviación estándar, mediana, máximo y mínimo, la evolución temporal de las tendencias mediante análisis de regresión, la relación entre las variables mediante coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y la estacionalidad mediante ANOVA. El periodo a estudio fue desde el 1 de julio de 2015 (fecha en la que Wikipedia ofrece los primeros datos) hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2022. La fecha de consulta y recolección de los datos fue el 29 de marzo de 2023.
Resultados: El término con mayor número de visitas totales fue “Occupational safety and health”, con 3110570, seguido de “Seguridad y salud laboral”, con 1752738 visitas totales. El término con menor número de visitas totales fue “Enfermería del trabajo” con 42423 visitas.Los términos seleccionados muestran una tendencia inversa excepto el término “Accidente laboral”,en el cual la tendencia es directa. En cuanto al coeficiente de determinación obtenemos para “Medicina del trabajo” R 0,617, “Occupational medicine” R 0,571, “Seguridad y salud laboral” R 0,568, “Occupational safety and health” 0,737 y “Work accident” 0,620. La correlación de Pearson R entre cada término en español y su equivalente en inglés de los términos “Seguridad y salud laboral”, “Accidente laboral”, “Enfermería del trabajo” ”Medicina del trabajo” ha sido 0,75; -0,569; 0,296 y 0,758 respectivamente.
Conclusiones: En términos generales, la tendencia de las búsquedas en Wikipedia de los términos seleccionados fue decreciente, excepto para el término “Accidente laboral”, el único término que ha mostrado crecimiento. En relación al grado de asociación entre las dos ediciones, resultó que tanto “Seguridad y salud laboral” como ”Medicina del trabajo” presentaron una buena relación, “Enfermería del trabajo” presentó una baja relación directa y “Accidente laboral” presentó una relación moderada inversa.
Dieta planetarna – zasady i odniesienie do nawyków żywieniowych ludności w Polsce
Authors: Zwierczyk Urszula , Duplaga Mariusz
Published: September 2024

The term “planetary diet” proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission (the EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet, Health) emphasises the reduction in the consumption of animal-based foods, especially red meat. Such nutritional model leads to positive health effects, especially in relation to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, obesity and type II diabetes. Adhering to the principles of a planetary diet may help reduce the production of greenhouse gases and may also positively contribute towards restoring biodiversity and increasing the resources of natural ecosystems. Without firm actions, especially in terms of the strategies in the food industry, destructive climate changes will accelerate. Both in Poland and over the world, the movements emphasising protection of the environment are gaining more power. However, Polish society still adheres to unbalanced dietary habits that exert harmful effect on health. Nutrition education and promotion of the principles of a planetary diet, which can protect against the development of lifestyle diseases and can also have a positive impact on the environment, seem to be the appropriate action to take.
Zasada dwuinstancyjności postępowania administracyjnego – aktualne problemy prawne
Authors: Dobkowska Bogusława
Published: September 2024

One of the basic constitutional principles is the principle of two-stage proceedings. Raising it to a constitutional rank demonstrates its importance. The adopted model of two-stage administrative proceedings intends to guarantee that the decision issued by the administrative authority will be consistent with the law. The means of such verification constitutes an appeal. The article aims to present the most important institutions related to the principle of two instances and analyze them. It is undoubtedly an appeal, but also a waiver of the right to appeal, an objection and a cassation decision (Article 138 § 2 of the Polish Code of Administrative Procedure), which is the most controversial. For this purpose, the author uses dogmatic and legal methods.
Brak odpowiednich środków prawnych do ochrony danych osobowych „nadmiarowych” w rejestrze publicznym, na przykładzie systemu PRS RAR
Authors: Bartoszek Mateusz
Published: September 2024

The digitalisation of proceedings before the registry courts and the accompanying digitalisation of the registry files kept within the Polish National Court Register (“NCR”) has revealed the inadequate level of protection of processed personal data. There is “redundant” personal data available within the public register, the processing of which is not justified by any legal basis.

The law does not provide effective and adequate measures implementing the right to protection of personal data processed in the NCR system. Courts, being the controllers of the personal data processed within the digitalised NCR, are excluded from the supervision exercised by the public administration body appointed for this purpose – the President of the Personal Data Protection Office. The provisions of the Act on the common courts system introduce separate complaint proceedings and supervisory authorities in this respect. However, these solutions should be assessed critically, as they do not ensure effective protection.
Tak zwane dane historyczne w kontekście kontroli operacyjnej
Authors: Łodziana Tomasz
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of the so-called historical data, i.e. information obtained in the course of operational control, recorded on a specific data carrier before the date of ordering these operations by the court. The author focuses on the problem of understanding the concept of time of application of operational control, as well as pointing out the legitimacy of taking into account historical data from the perspective of the principle of subsidiarity. In the body of the study, the author also leans over the issue of the admissibility of such data in criminal proceedings, including making remarks against the background of historical data obtained throughout procedural activities. The article concludes with de lege ferenda proposals.
Glosa do wyroku sądu najwyższego z dnia 20 kwietnia 2021 r., II CSKP 5/21 (aprobująca)
Authors: Kuczyńska Wiktoria
Published: September 2024

The commented judgment concerns the issue of compensation from the airport in connection with the introduction of areas of restricted use of airports in Poland. The judgment is groundbreaking, as it contains a dissenting opinion from the previous position in similar cases. Thus, it breaks with the accepted and applied interpretation of the provision of Article 129 (2) of the Environmental Protection Law and consolidated case law indicating that the location of real property in an area of restricted use cannot be an autonomous basis for the award of compensation for a reduction in the value of real property.
Determination of phylogenetic relationships of two species of Phalangium (Opiliones: Phalangiidae) by using 28S rRNA region
Authors: Kurt Pınar , Kurt Kemal , Erdek Melek
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The species Phalangium nalanae Kurt, Erdek & Kurt 2023 and Phalangium taylani Kurt, Erdek & Kurt 2023 were previously described from Hakkari, Turkey based on morphological data and no molecular data are presented. In this study, the 28S rRNA gene region of these species belonging to the genus Phalangium was sequenced, and phylogenetic relationships of these species were revealed by performing maximum likelihood (ML) analysis and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis.