bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The short and long-term effects of a lifestyle intervention in children with mental illnesses: a randomized controlled trial (Movementss study). Rationale, Study Design and Methods.
Authors: Tetering Emilie M. A. van , Muskens Jet B. , Deenik Jeroen , Pillen Sigrid , Cahn Wiepke , von Rosenstiel Inès , Oomen Mieke , Rommelse Nanda N. , Staal Wouter G. , Klip Helen
Published: May 2023

Background: A lifestyle including poor diet, physical inactivity, excessive gaming and inadequate sleep hygiene is frequently seen among Dutch children. These lifestyle behaviors can cause long-term health problems later in life. Unhealthy lifestyle and poor physical health are even more prevalent among children with mental illness (MI) such as autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, and anxiety. However, research on lifestyle interventions among children with MI is lacking. As a result, there are currently no guidelines, or treatment programs where children with MI and poor lifestyle can receive effective support. To address these issues and to provide insight into the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in children with MI and their families, the Movementss study was designed. This paper describes the rationale, study design, and methods of an ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing the short-term (12 weeks) and long-term (1 year) effects of a lifestyle intervention with care as usual (CAU) in children with MI and an unhealthy lifestyle.
Methods: A total of 80 children (6-12 years) with MI according to DSM-V and an unhealthy lifestyle are randomized to the lifestyle intervention group or CAU at a specialized child and adolescent mental hospital. The primary outcome measure is quality of life measured with the KIDSCREEN. Secondary outcomes include emotional and behavior symptoms, lifestyle parameters regarding diet, physical activity, sleep, and screen time, cognitive assessment (intelligence and executive functions), physical measurements (e.g., BMI), parenting styles, and family functioning, prior beliefs, adherence, satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness. Assessments will take place at the start of the study (T0), after 12 weeks (T1), six months (T2), and 12 months of baseline (T3) to measure long-term effects.
Discussion: This RCT will likely contribute to the currently lacking knowledge on lifestyle interventions in children with MI.
Trial registration: trialsearch.who.int/ NL9822. Registered at November 2nd, 2021
Unusual Less Warm Summer Month of May 2021 Over Vidarbha and in Central India Duringpast 30 Years
Authors: Sahu M L , Srid Latha , Bidyanta S , Sonal Sulekha , Minz Albert N
Published: May 2023

Vidarbha, a meteorological subdivision in the state of Maharashtra in Central India, is known for extremely hot summer with May being the hottest month with maximum temperature exceeding 45°C for more than 15 days. But May 2021 in Vidarbha was unusually less warm in the past 30 years with no episodes of heatwave. The temperature of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in Central India was also found unusual less warm during past 30years. During May-2021, the Indian subcontinent experienced two tropical cyclones, one each originating in the Arabian Sea (Tauktae) and the Bay of Bengal (Yaas) contributing largely towards bringing down the maximum temperatures by changing the normal wind flow pattern over the region, owing to which occurrences of more number of thunderstorms due to moisture incursion were observed during the month.
Noise-tolerant LiDAR approaching quantum-limited precision
Authors: Zhang Labao , Li Haochen , Zheng Kaimin , Ge Rui , Zhang Lijian , He Weiji , Zhang Biao , Wu Miao , Wang Ben , Mi Minghao , Guan Yanqiu , Tan Jingrou , Tu Xuecou , Zhao Qing-Yuan , Jia Xiaoqing , Chen Jian , Kang Lin , Chen Qian , Wu Pei-Heng
Published: May 2023

Quantum-inspired imaging techniques have been proven to be effective for LiDAR with the advances of single photon detectors and computational algorithms. However, the quantum-limited performance is still far from its ultimate limit set by the quantum fluctuations of signal and noise photons. In this work, we propose and demonstrate LiDAR from the detection perspective for approaching quantum-limited performance. A photon-number-resolving detector is introduced to accurately reconstruct the echo signals in a wide photon-flux range and an active photon number filter is further developed to overcome the heavy background noise. The Fisher information of this LiDAR based on a coherent source is only 0.04 dB below the quantum limit in intensity detection when mean signal photon number is 10. An improvement of 41.17 dB in the signal-to-background ratio is achieved with the proposed LiDAR in daytime, and the accuracy of intensity estimation is consistent with the theoretical prediction, which helps to improve the quality of reconstructed images. This work provides a fundamental strategy for constructing a noise tolerant LiDAR approaching quantum-limited precision.
The relationship between serum uric acid-creatinine ratio and risk factors of cerebral Hemodynamics and stroke in physical examination population
Authors: Liu Dongxia , Dong Xunan , Jiang Yan , Zhu Yu , Wang Yushan
Published: May 2023

Background The serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr) is important in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between SUA/Cr ratio and cerebral hemodynamics and to analyze the relationship between different levels of SUA/Cr ratio and risk factors associated with stroke.
Methods A population of 12,785 middle-aged and elderly medical checkups who completed CVHI testing at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2020 to May 2021 was selected for the study. The medical examination population was divided into Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups according to the quartiles of SUA/Cr ratio. The relationship between the SUA/Cr ratios and CVHI and stroke related risk factors in the middle-aged and elderly population was analyzed.
Results A total of 12785 cases were included in the study, with an age range of 35 to 91 years and a mean of (50.64 ± 10.12) years. In the SUA/Cr grouping, the differences in the composition ratios of the population by gender and age were significant (P < 0.05), and the composition ratios of the population with abnormal systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, BMI, and history of alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia in the SUA/Cr grouping showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). the composition ratios of the group with abnormal blood pressure, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia in the Q4 group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P < 0.05), The composition ratios of the group with abnormal blood pressure, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, and history of hyperlipidemia were all significantly higher than those of the other groups (P < 0.05). As the ratio of SUA/Cr increases, the CVHI integral value will show a corresponding decreasing trend.
Conclusions There is a correlation between SUA/Cr and CVHI, which should be given high priority.
O+ density distribution in the nightside ionosphere reconstructed from ISS-IMAP/EUVI data
Authors: Nakano Shin'ya , Hozumi Yuta , Saito Akinori , Yoshikawa Ichiro , Yamazaki Atsushi , Yoshioka Kazuo , Murakami Go
Published: May 2023

The O+ density distribution in the nightside ionosphere has been reconstructed from extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images taken by the EUVI-B imager of the International Space Station Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere, and Plasmasphere mapping (ISS-IMAP) cameras. The EUVI-B imager covers the wavelength range from about 70 nm to 110 nm and mainly observes the 91.1 nm emission from the recombination of O+ ions and electrons. Assuming that the electron density is equal to the O+ density in the F-region where the imager observes, the EUV intensity observed by EUVI-B is approximately proportional to the line-of-sight integral of the square of the O+ density. This enables us to estimate the O+ density distribution in the F-region from a sequence of EUVI-B data in each International Space Station (ISS) orbit with a Bayesian method. We demonstrate the reconstruction of the O+ distribution. In particular, the O+ density structure of the equatorial anomaly (EA) in the vicinity of an ISS orbit is obtained.
A Multispecies Competitive Nanobody-Based Elisa for the Detection of Antibodies Against Hepatitis E Virus
Authors: Arce Lorena Paola , Pavan María Florencia , Bok Marina , Gutierrez Silvina Elena , Santos Agostina Tammone , Condorí Walter Ezequiel , Uhart Marcela María , Estein Silvia Marcela , Parreño Viviana , Vizoso-Pinto María Guadalupe , Ibañez Lorena Itatí
Published: May 2023

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emergent zoonotic virus causing viral hepatitis worldwide. Clinically, hepatitis E is not easily distinguished from other types of acute viral hepatitis. There is a need for HEV diagnostic assays to detect and prevent interspecies transmission among susceptible populations. Nanobodies (Nbs) are expressed recombinantly in different systems, produced with high yields, and have superior physicochemical properties compared with conventional antibodies (Ab). Several Nbs against ORF2, the capsid protein and main antigen, were selected and produced in E. coli. Nb39 and Nb74 specifically recognized HEV ORF2 (genotypes 3 and 4). A competitive ELISA (cELISA) was developed and validated using a reference panel of human (n = 86) and swine sera (n = 116) tested in comparison with a commercial kit. The optimal cutoff values determined by ROC analysis were 69.16% (human) and 58.76% (swine); the sensitivity and specificity were high: 97.4% (IC95%; 86.5–99.5%) and 95.8% (IC95%; 86.0-98.8%) for human vs. 100% (IC95%: 93.5–100%) and 98.3% (IC95%: 91.0-99.7%) for swine. Further, the cELISA detected total anti-HEV antibodies in wild boar, deer, and mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report of production of Nbs against HEV-3 ORF2 for diagnostic purposes.
Producing hydrogen from electricity: how modeling additionality drives the emissions impact of time matching requirements
Authors: Schittekatte Tim , Cybulsky Anna , Giovanniello Michael , Mallapragada Dharik
Published: May 2023

The United States’ Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) includes a hydrogen (H2) production tax credit (PTC) to subsidize low-carbon H2 up to $3/kg. It is hard to quantify the emissions impact of electrolyzers using grid electricity and contracting “additional” grid-interconnected renewable electricity; the H2 producer offtakes its electricity supply from newly installed low-carbon generators that are not co-located with the electrolyzer. Recent research offers conflicting guidance on qualifying time-matching requirements, which we find can be explained by differences in the modeling of additionality requirements. One approach considers any resources that are not operating prior to the installation of the electrolyzer to be additional — i.e., H2 and non-H2 electricity demand “compete” for entering renewables. Another approach enforces a stricter definition of additionality by only considering low-carbon electricity supply that would otherwise not be deployed without H2 production to be additional — we call this a “non-compete” framework. We model both approaches for case studies of the Texas and Florida grids and confirm that the additionality framework drives the consequential emissions impact of H2 production. We estimate significantly less consequential emissions under an annual time matching requirement in the “non-compete” framework. Introducing an upper limit to the electrolyzer’s capacity factor can reduce consequential emissions with annual time-matching under the “compete” framework. We argue that because the demand for electrolytic H2 is still relatively small, today’s context more closely resembles a “non-compete” framework and, thus, a low consequential emissions impact with annual time-matching is likely. However, as demand for electrolytic H2 grows, the risk of a higher consequential emissions impact increases under annual time-matching, as the paradigm shifts to resemble the modeled “compete” framework. Hence, we argue for a “phased approach” in the requirements for the attribution of the PTC: annual matching in the near term with a re-evaluation leaning towards hourly matching later on in the decade.
Human Platelet Lysate stimulates neurotrophic properties of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells better than Schwann Cell-like Cells
Authors: Brambilla Stefania , Guiotto Martino , Torretta Enrica , Armenia Ilaria , Moretti Matteo , Gelfi Cecilia , Palombella Silvia , Summa Pietro G. di
Published: May 2023

Background: Trauma-associated peripheral nerve injury is a widespread clinical problem causing sensory and motor disabilities. Schwann cells (SCs) contribute to nerve regeneration, mainly by secreting nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In the last years, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) differentiated into SCs (SC-ASCs) were considered as promising cell therapy. However, the cell trans-differentiation process has not been effectively showed and presents several drawbacks, thus an alternative approach for increasing ASCs neurotrophic properties is highly demanded. In the context of human cell-based therapies, Good Manufacturing Practice directions indicate that FBS should be substituted with a xenogeneic-free supplement, such as Human Platelet Lysate (HPL). Previously, we demonstrated that neurotrophic properties of HPL-cultured ASCs were superior compared to undifferentiated FBS-cultured ASCs. Therefore, as following step, here we compared the neurotrophic properties of differentiated SC-like ASCs and HPL-cultured ASCs.
Methods: Both cell groups were investigated for gene expression level of neurotrophic factors, their receptors and neuronal markers. Moreover, the expression of nestin was quantitatively evaluated by flow cytometry. The commitment towards the SC phenotype was assessed with immunofluorescence pictures. Proteomics analysis was performed on both cells and their conditioned media to compare the differential protein profile. Finally, neurotrophic abilities of both groups were evaluated with a functional co-culture assay, assessing dorsal root ganglia survival and neurite outgrowth.
Results: HPL-cultured ASCs demonstrated higher gene expression of NGF and lower expression of S100B. Moreover, nestin was present in almost all HPL-cultured ASCs and only in one quarter of SC-ASCs. Immunofluorescence confirmed that S100B was not present in HPL-cultured ASCs. Proteomics analysis validated the higher expression of nestin and the increase of cytoskeletal and ECM proteins involved in neural regeneration processes. The co-culture assay highlighted that neurite outgrowth was higher in the presence of HPL-ASCs or their conditioned medium compared to SC-ASCs.
Conclusions: All together, our results show that HPL-ASCs were more neurotrophic than SC-ASCs. We highlighted that the HPL triggers an immature neuro-induction state of ASCs, while keeping their stem properties, paving the way for innovative therapies for nerve regeneration.
Identification of the Shared Gene Signatures and Biological Mechanism in Recurrent Implantation Failure and Decreased Embryo Quality Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Huang Jingyu , Tan Yong , Liu Kailu , Liu Li , Gao Mengya , Xia Guicheng , Nie Xiaowei
Published: May 2023

Aim To identify the shared gene signatures and biological mechanism in recurrent implantation failure and decreased embryo quality undergoing in vitro fertilization.Methods Relevant microarray data were selected from the GEO to screen genes that differentially expressed in response to decreased embryo quality and RIF.Results We discovered upregulated and downregulated genes. Simultaneously, we identified hub genes associated with decreased embryo quality and RIF. GO and KEGG analysis results revealed a high correlation with hypoxia-induced, inflammatory, cell-cell junction, and ubiquitin ligase complex. HIF1A, Jun, SP1, SIRT1, and POU2F1, considered TFs for decreased embryo quality and RIF.Conclusion This study explored the molecular mechanisms underlying these features and screened potential biological targets associated with decreased embryo quality and RIF.
Face Mask Reduces Gaze-Cueing Effect
Authors: Jia Han , Wang Qi , Feng Xinghe , Hu Zhonghua
Published: May 2023

Recent studies have found that face masks affect social cognition and behaviour in the context of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The eyes, the only part of the face not covered by face masks, are an important spatial attention cue that can trigger social attention orienting. Here, we adopted a spatial gaze-cueing task to investigate whether face masks affect social attention orienting triggered by eye gaze cues. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to determine the orientation of a target line under two types of cues—masked and non-masked faces—and two stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) conditions (300 ms and 1000 ms). The results showed that masked faces induced a smaller gaze-cueing effect (GCE) compared to non-masked faces at 300 ms SOA, while two face types induced similar GCEs at 1000 ms SOA. Experiment 2 used mouth-obscured faces and non-masked faces as cues and found that no significant difference in GCE between the two types at either 1000 ms or 300 ms SOA, indicating that the reduction of GCE caused by the masked face was due to the social meaning expressed by the mask rather than a physical effect of masking. The present study extends previous findings to support the idea that high-level social information affects the processing of eye gaze direction and provides evidence that face masks affect social cognition and behaviour in the context of COVID-19.
High-throughput Sequencing-based Analysis of Microbial Diversity in Daihai Lake
Authors: Li Xing , Chen Xiaojiang , Li Jiajia
Published: May 2023

Purpose The bacterioplankton community is an important part of the lake ecosystem, which not only influences the physical and chemical environmental factors of lake water quality, but also affects the functional processes of the lake ecosystem. However, little is known about the formation and maintenance mechanisms of bacterial plankton diversity and community structure composition in the inland saline-alkali lakes.
Methods In this study, the inland saline-alkali lake Daihai was used as the object of study, 9 sampling areas were set up according to the actual situation of Daihai Lake, and 16S rRNA Illumina Miseq™/Hiseq™ high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to study the spatial distribution characteristics of bacterial microbial diversity and community structure composition of lake water bodies and their key influencing factors.
Results The bacterioplankton community composition and the relative abundance of each group of bacteria in 9 sample areas of Daihai Lake were high, with the main bacterial taxa at the phylum level being Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria_Chlorophyceae, Bacteroides, Cyanobacteria_Chloroplast, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, unclassified_Bacteria, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, with a maximum value of 4.14 (DH5) and a minimum value of 3.53 (DH3) for the bacterial community diversity index. Proteobacteria at the phylum level and Sulfurimonas at the genus level were sensitive to the evolution of lake degradation; the water quality physicochemical parameters DO (dissolved oxygen), pH, con(conductivity), TP (total phosphorus), sal(salinity) and TN (total nitrogen) had the most significant effect on the overall bacterial community structure with the highest correlation coefficient, and the Mantel test showed that this correlation was significant.
Conclusion The bacterioplankton community structure of the inland saline-alkali lake Daihai is highly variable, and the genus Sulfurimonas plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of Daihai Lake waters and should receive more attention in future studies.
Peripheral nervous system involvement in SSPE as a parainfectious manifestation - A case report
Authors: Nangla Parnika , Bansal Bhavik , George Jerry A , Singh Mamta Bhushan , Das Sumanto , Sharma Mehar C , Suri Vaishali , Brijwal Megha , Garg Ajay , Tripathi Manjari , Vibha Deepti , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Elavarasi Arunmozhimaran
Published: May 2023

Background
Rapidly progressive encephalopathy in a young adult has a range of differentials requiring an exhaustive workup. We present a man with a history of encephalopathy with neuropathy and a rare diagnosis.
Case presentation
A 40 year-old man presented with a 6-month history of cognitive dysfunction and an asymmetric gradually progressing ascending quadriparesis with the involvement progressing in the order of motor, sensory, autonomic and bulbar. MRI of the brain showed diffuse atrophy. Nerve conduction studies revealed sensorimotor neuropathy affecting all four limbs. CSF showed a negative autoimmune panel and no signs of an infectious etiology. The patient was started on plasma exchange with a provisional diagnosis of an immune mediated disorder.
A nerve biopsy showed axonolysis and demyelination. EEG showed delta wave slowing and periodic discharges. A possibility of SSPE was considered, although peripheral neuropathy is an atypical presenting feature, following which the measles IgG antibodies titers in CSF and serum were found to be raised at 377.2 U/mL and 197 U/mL respectively. He had persistent sepsis and several episodes of respiratory distress requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. He was started on intrathecal interferon with a period of objective stability after which the sensorium gradually deteriorated and the outcome was fatal.
Conclusions
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive disorder caused by a persistent defective measles virus and causes death several years after the measles infection. It is suspected based on characteristic clinical features, EEG findings and demonstration of measles antibodies in CSF. The diagnosis is made based on Dyken's criteria. SSPE can present in an atypical fashion with peripheral nerve involvement. Neuropathy may occur due to para-infectious demyelination with no cellular infiltration seen on the nerve biopsy. A high index of suspicion aids diagnosis in rarer presentations.
DNA barcoding, aggressiveness of Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates, and pathogenicity of emerging B. gossypina in barley in subtropical southern Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Paula Cristina dos Santos , Angelotti-Zampar Priscila , Feksa Heraldo Rosa , Seron Giovanna , Tessmann Dauri José
Published: May 2023

Southern Brazil has experienced severe outbreaks of leaf blotch disease in barley, which have led to reduced grain quality and yield. A field survey was conducted in the major barley-producing areas of Paraná state using DNA barcoding techniques to identify Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates, the causative agent of spot blotch, aiming to determine the extent of pathogenic variability among the isolates. DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses were based on internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 with the 5.8S region (ITS) of rDNA, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) genes. Out of the 124 isolates examined, which were collected from 20 commercial barley fields each year in 2020 and 2021, 116 isolates were identified as B. sorokiniana and eight isolates as B. gossypina. Koch's postulates confirmed the pathogenicity of B. gossypina in barley, representing a novel occurrence worldwide. Previously, this pathogen was found only in cotton (Gossypium sp.) in Kenya. The fungus causes the development of elongated brown lesions surrounded by irregular yellow halos, starting at minute points. Subtle differences between these symptoms and spot blotch caused by B. sorokiniana are discussed. This study also assessed the aggressiveness of 16 B. sorokiniana isolates on potted barley grown under controlled conditions, using a visual infection rate (IR) scale ranging from 1 to 9. Significant differences in aggressiveness were recorded among the isolates, with the IR ranging from 5.1 to 7.4 in the cultivar ANA03 and 5.7 to 8.1 in the cultivar Imperatriz. The interaction between the isolates and cultivars was not significant. These findings could support breeding programs aiming to develop cultivars with genetic resistance to spot blotch disease in Brazil.
Ground deformations associated with an overpressurized hydrothermal systems at Azuma volcano (Japan) revealed by InSAR data
Authors: Himematsu Yuji , Ozawa Taku
Published: May 2023

Inflations at active volcanoes are indicators of overpressure in the subsurface, which is known to be a phenomenon that precedes eruptions. Volcanic overpressure is induced by the injection of magmatic fluids, accumulated magma, or heat supply from greater depths. Azuma volcano (Japan) has experienced several episodes of volcanic unrest with increase in seismicity at the depth of the hydrothermal system, implying a potential increase of phreatic eruptions. The time-series of interferometric synthetic aperture radar data, associated with the unrest episodes occurring in 2014–2015 and 2018–2019, revealed spatiotemporal variations of inflation episodes, centered around Oana crater, the most active fumarole of Azuma volcano. The modeled best-fit geometry of the elongated pressure source for the local deformation has the same dip as the overlying corresponded with the topographic slope direction and angle around Oana crater, suggesting the existence of topography-correlated layered structures within the hydrothermal system. In contrast, the broader deformation associated with the 2014–2015 unrest was explained by the overpressure of a horizontal flat source at 500 m below sea level, showing similar depth of the top as the conductive low-resistivity or low-viscous body suggested by previous studies. The unrest episodes were thus interpreted as mainly resulting from the supply of magmatic fluids or the volumetric thermal expansion of the hydrothermal system, caused by heat transfer from greater depths. Our study aids in understanding the shallow structure of this volcanic system and contributes towards evaluating the potential for forthcoming eruptions in Azuma volcano.
A nomogram model for predicting microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma based on multi-sequence MRI radiomics score and clinical-pathology-image parameters
Authors: wang qinghua , yang hongan , lei xiong , liu meng , he laichang , tan yongming
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Established aradiomics machine learning model based on multimodal MRI and clinical data, and analyzed the preoperative prediction value of this model formicrovascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Method:
The preoperative liver MRI data and clinical information of 130 HCC patients with pathologically confirmed were retrospectively studied. These patients were divided into MVI-positive group (MVI+) and MVI-negative group (MVI-) based on postoperative pathology. After a series of dimensionality reduction analysis, six features were finally selected. Then, linear support vector machine (linear SVM), support vector machine with rbf kernel function (rbf-SVM), logistic regression (LR), Random forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) algorithms were used to establish the MVI prediction model for preoperative HCC patients. Then, rbf-SVM with the best predictive performance was selected to construct the radiomics score (R-score). Finally, we combined R-score and clinical-pathology-image independent predictors to establish a combined nomogram model and corresponding individual models. The predictive performance of individual models and combined nomogram was evaluated and compared by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).
Result:
Alpha-fetoprotein concentration, peritumor enhancement, maximum tumor diameter, smooth tumor margins, tumor growth pattern, presence of intratumor hemorrhage, and RVI were independent predictors of MVI. Compared with individual models, the final combined nomogram model (AUC: 0.968, 95%CI: 0.920-1.000) constructed by radiometry score (R-score) combined with clinicopathological parameters and apparent imaging features showed the optimal predictive performance.
Conclusion:
This multi-parameter combined nomogram model hada good performance in predicting MVIof HCC, and hadcertain auxiliary value for the formulation of surgical plan and evaluation of prognosis.
A seven-Lnc RNA signature for prognosis prediction of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma through tumor immune escape
Authors: lin zhong , hu yan
Published: May 2023

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a malignant disease with poor therapeutic response and a poor prognosis. Some basic researches had confirmed that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) was associated with cancer development and prognosis. However, related studies in LUSC are rare. In this paper, we purposed to develop a group LncRNAs signature to improve prognosis prediction of LUSC and describe the underlying mechanism. The LncRNAs expression and related clinical information of 471 patients with LUSC from TCGA randomly divided into a training set (n = 236) and a testing set (n = 235). A seven-LncRNAs prognostic signature model were constructed with the data of training group by multivariate Cox regression. All patients were divided into high risk group (n = 101) and low risk group (n = 370) according to the risk-score level calculated by the constructed model at the cutoff value of -0.12 (log2-transformed). The high risk group had a significantly worse overall survival (OS) compared to the low risk group (p < 0.0001). The risk-score also displayed an excellent prognostic predictive ability for LUAC patients by the results of ROC curve (AUC:0.66, 0.67 and 0.67) and nomogram (C-index, Calibration analysis, and Decision Curve Analysis) in years 1, 3, and 5. The risk group [HR = 0.3, 95%CI (0.22–0.4)], stage [HR = 1.78, 95%CI (1.28–2.48)] and age [HR = 1.02, 95%CI (1.00-1.04)] were as an independent predictor among LUAC patients. KEEG enrichment revealed that the mRNA influenced by the hunted seven LncRNAs which involved in immune escape function may be mainly related to the pathway of Chemical carcinogenesis, Th17 cell differentiation, NF − κB and Proteoglycans in cancer, etc. And the CIBERSORT score calculated from the expression level of the immune cell rerated gene between the normal cell and LUSC cell were showed that the immune system in the LUSC patients was activated. To sum up, our study demonstrated the potential clinical significance of 7-LncRNA characteristics in the prediction of survival in patients with LUSC.
Dislocations after total hip arthroplasty by direct anterior approach: An overview on dislocations after total hip arthroplasty by direct anterior approach; A retrospective study of 2933 procedures with one-year follow-up.
Authors: Oosting Ellen , Yau Chris L. , Reniers Luca I. , Duit Robin A. , Kapitein Paul J.C.
Published: May 2023

Aims: The use of the direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has increased but occasions for dislocations and treatment, course and the outcome after dislocation are rarely evaluated. Therefore, in this study we aim to give an overview of dislocations after THA by DAA.
Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients who had THA by DAA for osteoarthritis (OA) between 2014 and 2019 with 1-year follow-up in our hospital. We studied occasions and risk factors and compared outcome of hip function at 1-year follow-up by use of the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) for patients with and without dislocation.
Results: A total of 2933 patients were included. Dislocation rate was 0.7% (n=21). 15 patients had a single dislocation, 6 patients had a second dislocation (29%) of which 1 had a third dislocation. Of the dislocations, 81% (17/21) were in the anterior direction and 86% (18/21) were in the first postoperative month. Most dislocations took place when patients were sitting, sitting and turning or getting up from a chair (n=9). Patients with a dislocation had a higher Body Mass Index than those without a dislocation (29.6 vs 27.0 kg/m2, 95% CI -4.4 to -0.7, p=0.007). Five patients had revision surgery (24%). OHS at 1y-FU (42 vs 44, 95% CI -1.2 to 5.2, p=0.25) and mean change (16 vs 18, 96% CI -2.1 to 7.3, p=0.22) did not significantly differ between patients with or without dislocation.
Conclusion: Dislocation rate after THA by DAA is low and causes vary. Outcomes after dislocation can still be satisfying, as Oxford Hip Scores at 1-year follow-up were comparable for those with and without dislocation, especially for those with conservative treatment. These findings may support shared decision in treatment strategies and information for patients with a dislocation.
On the usage of the Aviation Colour Code system at European Volcano Observatories: experiences and open questions
Authors: Barsotti Sara , Scollo Simona , Macedonio Giovanni , Rielo Alicia Felpeto , Peltier Aline , Vougioukalakis Georgios , Dalfsen Elske de Zeeuw - van , Ottemöller Lars , Pimentel Adriano , Komorowski Jean-Christophe , Loughlin Susan , Carmo Rita , Coltelli Mauro , Corbeau Jordane , Vye-Brown Charlotte , Vito Mauro Di , de Chabalier Jean-Bernard , Ferreira Teresa , Fontaine Fabrice R. , Lemarchand Arnaud , Marques Rui , Medeiros Joana , Moretti Roberto , Pfeffer Melissa Anne , Saurel Jean-Marie , Vlastelic Ivan , Vogfjörd Kristín
Published: May 2023

Volcano Observatories (VOs) around the world are required to maintain surveillance of their volcanoes and inform civil protection and aviation authorities about impending eruptions. They often work through consolidated procedures to respond to volcanic crises in a timely manner and provide a service to the community aimed at reducing the potential impact of an eruption. Within the International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW) framework of the International Civil Aviation Organisation, designated State Volcano Observatories (SVOs) are asked to operate a colour coded system designed to inform the aviation community about the status of a volcano and the expected threats associated. Despite the IAVW documentation defining the different colour-coded levels, operating the Aviation Colour Code (ACC) in a standardised way is not easy, as sometimes, different SVOs adopt different strategies on how, when, and why to change it. Following two European VOs and Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAACs) workshops, the European VOs agreed to present an overview on how they operate the ACC. The comparative analysis presented here reveals that not all VOs in Europe use the ACC as part of their operational response, mainly because of a lack of volcanic eruptions since the ACC was officially established, or the absence of a formal appointment as an SVO. We also note that the VOs, which do regularly adopt ACC, operate differently depending on the frequency and styles of eruptions, the historical eruptive activity, the nature of the unrest, the monitoring level, and also on the agreement they may have with the local Air Transport Navigation providers. This study shows that even though the ACC system was designed to provide a standard, its usage strongly depends on the evaluation of the actors responding to the volcano emergencies. Some common questions have been identified across the different (S)VOs that will need to be addressed by ICAO in order to have a more harmonised approach and usage of the ACC.
Electromagnetic signatures of chiral quantum spin liquid
Authors: Lin Shi-Zeng , Banerjee Saikat , Zhu W.
Published: May 2023

Quantum spin liquid (QSL) has become an exciting topic in interacting spin systems that do not order magnetically down to the lowest experimentally accessible temperature; however, conclusive experimental evidence remains lacking. Motivated by the recent surge of theoretical and experimental interest in a half-filled Hubbard model on the triangular lattice, where chiral QSL can be stabilized, we investigate the electromagnetic signature of the chiral QSL to aid experimental detection. We systematically studied the electrical charge and orbital electrical current associated with a spinon excitation in the chiral QSL based on parton mean-field theory and unbiased density-matrix renormalization group calculations. We then calculated both longitudinal and transverse optical conductivities below the Mott gap. We also conduct quantum field theory analysis to unravel the connection between spinon excitation and emergent and physical gauge fields. Our results show that the chiral QSL phase has a clear electromagnetic response even in a Mott insulator regime, which can facilitate the experimental detection of this long-sought-after phase.
Novel three-dimensional live skin-like in vitro composite for safety tests
Authors: Tomita Tatsunosuke , Nakajima Yoshihiro , Ohmiya Yoshihiro , Miyazaki Koyomi
Published: May 2023

We describe the construction of novel three-dimensional (3D) skin-like cultures of spontaneously immortalised normal keratinocytes derived from human HaCaT cells using a non-woven membrane of silica fibre in differentiation medium. Analyses of skin differentiation markers in a 3D-skin-like in vitro composite (SLIC) revealed the expression of keratin 2, keratin 10, filaggrin, and involucrin, indicating mature skin characteristics. We further engineered SLIC to incorporate real-time bioluminescence monitoring driven by the IL-8 and UBC genes. We also monitored the time- and dose-dependent responses of SLIC to UV stress, and to hydrophilic chemicals, and hydrophobic ones which are difficult to assay so far as they do not disperse in water. We propose that SLIC could serve as a novel alternative to using animals to test the safety of various chemicals on skin for medical, cosmetic purposes.
Diaspora of The Skilled: What Is The Role of Institutions?
Authors: Chen Fanyu , Wong Vivien Zi Wen , Law Siong Hook
Published: May 2023

Brain drain is closely associated with human capital deficiencies and obstacles in economic development. In spite of its crucial economic implications, nations, especially the developing ones, have failed to prevent brain drain due to the focus on simple restrictive policies and the ignorance of institutional factors like weakly-enforced law and order, unfulfilled basic human rights, and others in preventing the outflow high skilled labor. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the impact of institutional quality on brain drain in 100 countries from 2007 to 2019, using system Generalized Method of Moments estimator to estimate the model involving data collected from the International Country Risk Guide, The Quality of Government Institute, and the World Bank. The empirical results indicated that quality of institutions is essential in preventing the outflow of highly skilled workers. It has become imperative for policy-makers in these countries to uphold and strengthen their nations’ institutional frameworks in order to retain and attract the valuable talents to stay on and reside in their own countries.
Assistance Force-line of Exosuit Affects Ankle Multidimensional Motion: A Theoretical and Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang XinYue , Li Ying , Sun Ronglei
Published: May 2023

Background: The talocrural joint and the subtalar joint are the two major joints of the ankle-joint complex. The position and direction of the exosuit force line relative to these two joint axes can influence ankle motion. We aimed to understand the effects of different force-lines on ankle multidimensional motion.
Methods: In this article, three assistance force line schemes for ankle exosuits were proposed: perpendicular to the talocrural joint axis (PT), intersecting with the subtalar joint axis (IS), and parallel to the triceps surae (PTS). A theoretical model was proposed to calculate the exosuit's assistance moment. Seven participants completed four experimental tests of ankle plantar flexion, including three passive motions assisted by the PT, PTS, and IS, and one active motion without exosuit assistance.
Results: The simulation results showed that all three exosuit schemes produced considerable ankle plantarflexion moments. Among the three schemes, the PT scheme generated the highest moments in all three dimensions, followed by the PTS and IS schemes. The experimental findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the angle of plantarflexion between passive and active plantarflexion (P < 0.05). However, there was an increase in the average peak angle of ankle inversion and adduction compared to no assistance, with the increment of approximately 21.07°, 6.57°, and 2.41° for inversion and 8.29°, 2.65°, and 0.33° for adduction, respectively. Our study demonstrated that all three exosuit schemes were beneficial for ankle plantar flexion. The IS scheme had the least effect on ankle inversion/eversion and adduction/abduction and was most similar to active ankle plantarflexion in all three directions compared to the other two schemes.
Conclusions: Our research indicates that the position of the exosuit force line to the subtalar joint has a significant impact on ankle inversion and adduction. Among all three schemes, the IS, which has almost no effect on the subtalar joint, has the greatest kinematic similarity to active ankle plantarflexion and might be a better choice for ankle assistance and rehabilitation.
Development and preclinical assessment of nanoemulgel loaded with phytoconstituents for the management of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chando Anita , Basudkar Vivek , Gharat Sankalp , momin Munira , Khan Tabassum
Published: May 2023

In recent years, natural ingredients have gained importance for therapeutic treatment due to their minimal toxicity. However, the delivery of these phytoconstituents poses a challenge to provide better efficacy. Current research reports the development of nanoemulgel (NEG) loaded with ginger oleoresin (GOR) and lipid guggul extract (LGE) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nanoemulsion (NE) was developed using the spontaneous emulsification technique by the pseudo-ternary method. The optimized nanoemulsion exhibited globule size of 16.08±2.55, PDI of 0.187±0.06 and Zeta Potential of-22.4±0.31. The cumulative release from in-vitro diffusion studies at pH 7.4 was about 99.72±3.47%, 57.98±2.11% and 86.42±5.13% of 6-gingerol, E-guggulsterone and Z-guggulsterone respectively at the end of 24 hours. The ex vivo studies on porcine ear skin showed sustained release with 92.8±3.21% for 6-gingerol, 55.61±0.91% for E-guggulsterone, and 84.2±4.22% for Z-guggulsterone released at the end of 24 hours. The cell culture studies on RAW 264.7 cells indicated a robust inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production indicating its efficacy in the management of RA. The Preclinical studies on male Wistar rats suggests that the developed NEG exhibited a comparable decrease in paw edema inflammation as compared to the marketed diclofenac sodium gel. These encouraging results demonstrates the potential of the developed nanoemulgel containing combination of GOR and LGE for the management of RA.
The Measurement and Modeling of Gravitational Deformation for Large Radio Telescope Based on Wavefront Perturbation Method
Authors: Wang Jinqing , Lou Zheng , Jiang Yongbin , Sun Zhengxiong , Yu Linfeng , Zhong Weiye , Jiang Yongchen , Zhao Rongbin , Fu Li , Ye Qian , Shi Shengcai , Liu Qinghui , Zuo Yingxi
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the wavefront perturbation method based on power detection of radio sources is used to measure the surface error of the Tianma radio telescope. By measuring the surface errors at different elevation angles, a surface compensation model to correct gravitational deformation is established. Observation results shows that the efficiency reduction caused by the gravitational deformation can be effectively compensated by loading this model on the active surface, especially at high and low elevations. A dual-beam calibration scheme is further used to remove atmospheric background fluctuations, which significantly improves data quality at lower elevations. The form and order of the perturbation modes and data processing are optimized to improve measurement accuracy. This paper presents the first attempt to apply the wavefront perturbation method to large radio telescopes and demonstrates its capacity and effectiveness in telescope runtime surface measurement and maintenance.
The correlation between non-traumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head and insulin-like growth factor-1 and bone metabolism markers
Authors: Li Hongyi , Yang Lang , Wen Guohong , Guan Hong , Liu Guiwang , Ru Jiangying , Wang Guiqing , Wang Xiangjiang
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To explore the correlation and significance of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone metabolism markers in patients with non-traumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head (N-ANFH).
Methods: A prospective study was conducted on the patients with control and N-ANFH cohorts admitted from the orthopedic department of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from July 2020 to February 2023. The control (n=25) and N-ANFH cohorts (n=30) were randomly selected using block randomization method. The gender, age, body mass index (BMI), IGF-1, bone metabolism markers, including type I collagen hydroxyl terminal peptide β special sequence (β-CTX), N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin (N-MID), total aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (T-PINP), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (D25(OH)D), parathormone and bone density, were compared between the two cohorts. Single and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were applied to study the correlation between dependent variable and N-ANFH. The expression pattern of IGF-1 in bone tissue from control and N-ANFH cohorts was detected by immunofluorescence (IF). Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between IGF-1 and BMD, the value of IGF-1 in the diagnosis N-ANFH was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.
Results: The bone metabolism markers of the control cohort were significantly higher than those of the N-ANFH cohort (p< 0.05), and IF revealed that the expression level of IGF-1 in the control cohort was significantly higher than that of the N-ANFH cohort. The expression level of IGF-1 was positively correlated with hip BMD (r= 0.7569, p= 0.0001). The area under ROC curve (AUC) in the diagnosis of N-ANFH was 0.7373, p= 0.0026, with a cutoff value of 139.6, corresponding sensitivity of 80%, and a specificity of 64%.
Conclusion: The bone metabolism level of N-ANFH is significantly reduced, and IGF-1 is not only closely related to the level of osteoporosis, but also one of vital biomarkers for diagnosing N-ANFH, suggesting that decreased bone metabolism level and osteoporosis may be the main causes of N-ANFH.