bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metal–support interactions for heterogeneous catalysis: mechanisms, characterization techniques and applications
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhang Yantong , Zhang Zihan , Hou Dongyu , Bai Fengning , Han Ying , Zhang Chengxu , Zhang Yingjie , Hu Jue
Published: March 2023

Metal–support interactions (MSIs) is essential for the understanding of structure–performance relationship and designing in heterogeneous catalysis area. This review mainly summarizes the current theoretical and experimental research of MSIs.
Spectroscopic and reactive characterization of mixed-metal Fe–Cr trimer nodes in metal–organic framework MIL-100
Authors: Hall Jacklyn N. , Bollini Praveen
Published: March 2023

Metal–organic framework MIL-100 featuring heterometallic Fe and Cr M3O nodes were synthesized; mixing of the metals within the nodes is evidenced using a combination of in situ IR spectroscopy, NO titrations, and CO oxidation kinetics.
A highly efficient atomic nickel catalyst for CO2electroreduction in acidic electrolyte
Authors: Wu Qiao , Liang Jun , Han Li-Li , Huang Yuan-Biao , Cao Rong
Published: March 2023

A highly efficient atomic nickel catalyst Ni-SAC-800 with high porosity and conductivity has been developed to show excellent performance for CO2electroreduction in acidic conditions.
Anion receptors with nitrone C–H hydrogen bond donors
Authors: He Xuxian , Thompson Richard R. , Clawson Sarah A. , Fronczek Frank R. , Lee Semin
Published: March 2023

We report the use of nitrone C–H groups as hydrogen bond donors for binding anions.
Mechanistic details for oxidative addition of PhICl2 to gold(i) complexes
Authors: Shiri Farshad , Ariafard Alireza
Published: March 2023

Our study discovered a new stepwise mechanism for the oxidative addition of PhICl2 to LAuAr. Fewer electron-withdrawing substituents on the Ar ligand increase the energy of Au(i) dx2−y2 orbital, making the reaction easier to achieve.
Cu(i)-catalysed cross-coupling reaction of in situ generated azomethine ylides towards easy construction of fused N-heterocycles
Authors: Molla Sabir A. , Ghosh Debasish , Basak Ankur , Khamarui Saikat , Maiti Dilip K.
Published: March 2023

We disclosed a decarboxylative generation of stabilized azomethine ylides using K2CO3 and CuI-catalyzed regiospecific C–C/C–S and C–C/C–N coupled cyclization to furnish 5,6,7,8a-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles and 6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazoles, respectively.
A photochromic metallacycle with highly anisotropic Dy–F magnetic units
Authors: El Beyrouti Nour , Houard Felix , Cordier Marie , Trzop Elzbieta , Rigaut Stéphane , Le Guennic Boris , Bernot Kevin , Norel Lucie
Published: March 2023

A dinuclear metallacycle assembled from a bispyridyl dithienylethene linker and a highly anisotropic dysprosium based Single Molecule Magnet (SMM) shows magnetic hysteresis at 1.8 K together with photoisomerization in single crystals.
High-throughput computational workflow for ligand discovery in catalysis with the CSD
Authors: Short Marc A. S. , Tovee Clare A. , Willans Charlotte E. , Nguyen Bao N.
Published: March 2023

A novel semi-automated, high-throughput computational workflow for ligand/catalyst discovery based on the Cambridge Structural Database is reported.
Metal–organic framework-loaded carbon-encapsulated nano-catalyst as a pH-universal oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst for various fuel cell devices
Authors: Zhou Xintao , Wu Mingyang , Chen Kai , Ci Suqin , Wen Zhenhai
Published: March 2023

In pH-universal electrolyte environments, FeN0.056 supported on a B, N co-doped carbon matrix electrocatalyst demonstrated greater ORR performance and was applied for various types of fuel cells.
Room-temperature and ultrafast Eu3+ ion doping for highly luminescent and extremely small CaMoO4 nanocrystals
Authors: Cao Qiulin , Liu Mengxin , Shi Xinan , Ni Zhan , Li Bo , Lu Chengzeng , Pan Daocheng
Published: March 2023

Eu3+-doped CaMoO4 nanoparticles with a photoluminescence quantum yield of up to 75% have been successfully synthesized by a room-temperature cation exchange method.
Impact of cooking methods of red-skinned onion on metabolic transformation of phenolic compounds and gut microbiota changes
Authors: Cattivelli Alice , Nissen Lorenzo , Casciano Flavia , Tagliazucchi Davide , Gianotti Andrea
Published: March 2023

Herein, we investigated the stability and bioaccessibility of phenolics in differently cooked red-skinned onion (RSO) and consequently their impact on the gut microbiota and metabolism of phenolics.
Phenyl lactic acid alleviatesHelicobacter pyloriinfection in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Wu Shiying , Cui Wanxin , Zhou Qingqing , Liang Ying , Wu Danli , Xu Yang , Li Ping , Gu Qing
Published: March 2023

PLA is vital to the effective suppression ofH. pylorigrowth and the prevention of gastritis by reducing oxidative stress, improving gastrointestinal microbiota, and mitigating inflammatory responses.
Theoretical screening of single atom doping on β-Ga2O3 (100) for photoelectrochemical water splitting with high activity and low limiting potential
Authors: Fu Sijia , Lewis David , van Eyk Philip , Atanackovic Petar , Jiao Yan
Published: March 2023

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting combined with renewable energy is an appealing approach for solar energy conversion and storage.
Host–guest complexation of phthalimide-derived strigolactone mimics with cyclodextrins. Application in agriculture against parasitic weeds
Authors: Cala Peralta Antonio , Mejías Francisco J. R. , Ayuso Jesús , Rial Carlos , Molinillo José M. G. , Álvarez José A. , Schwaiger Stefan , Macías Francisco A.
Published: March 2023

A study proposing cyclodextrins as eco-friendly compounds to enhance the physicochemical properties of phthalimide-lactones to produce complexes inducing the germination of parasitic weeds even without using organic co-solvents.
Factors influencing on-resin depsipeptide bond formation: case studies on daptomycin- and brevicidine-derived sequences
Authors: Palpal-latoc Dennise , Brimble Margaret A. , Harris Paul W. R. , Horsfall Aimee J.
Published: March 2023

The variables effecting successful depsipeptide (ester) bond formation, on-resin, are prioritised to provide a useful troubleshooting guide for depsipeptide synthesis.
Cationic defect-enriched hydroxides as anodic catalysts for efficient seawater electrolysis
Authors: Wu Yi-jin , Zheng Jian-zhong , Zhou Xiao , Tu Teng-xiu , Liu Yangyang , Zhang Peng-fang , Tan Liang , Zhao Shenlong
Published: March 2023

A porous NiFe LDH with abundant cationic defects was synthesized to optimize interactions between active Ni species and adsorbates, exhibiting a highly efficient seawater electrolysis performance.
Ligand-assisted olefin-switched divergent oxidative Heck cascade with molecular oxygen enabled by self-assembled imines
Authors: Liu Bairong , Rao Jianhang , Liu Weibing , Gao Yang , Huo Yanping , Chen Qian , Li Xianwei
Published: March 2023

Divergent oxidative Heck reaction has proven to be reliable for the rapid construction of molecular complexity, while olefins switched the outcome that remained underexplored.
High-Speed Videoendoscopic and Acoustic Characteristics of Inspiratory Phonation
Authors: Patel Rita R. , Sandage Mary J. , Golzarri-Arroyo Lilian
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Given the importance of inspiratory phonation for assessment of vocal fold structure, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate and describe the vocal fold vibratory characteristics of inspiratory phonation using high-speed videoendoscopy in healthy volunteers. The study also examined the empirical relationship between cepstral peak prominence (CPP) and glottal area waveform measurements derived from simultaneous high-speed videoendoscopy and audio recordings.

Method:

Vocally healthy adults (33 women, 28 men) volunteered for this investigation and completed high-speed videoendoscopic assessment of vocal fold function for two trials of an expiratory/inspiratory phonation task at normal pitch and normal loudness. Twelve glottal area waveform measures and acoustic CPP values were extracted for analyses.

Results:

Inspiratory phonation resulted in shorter closing time, longer duration of the opening phase, and faster closing phase velocity compared to expiratory phonation. Sex differences were elucidated. CPP changes for inspiratory phonation were predicted by changes in the glottal area index and waveform symmetry index, whereas changes in CPP during expiratory phonation were predicted by changes in asymmetry quotient, glottal area index, and amplitude periodicity.

Conclusions:

Vocal fold vibratory differences were identified for inspiratory phonation when compared to expiratory phonation, the latter of which has been studied more extensively. This investigation provides important basic inspiratory phonation data to better understand laryngeal physiology in vivo and provides a basic model from which to further study inspiratory phonation in a larger population representing a broader age range.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22223812
The distribution of globular clusters in kinematic spaces does not trace the accretion history of the host galaxy
Authors: Pagnini G. , Di Matteo P. , Khoperskov S. , Mastrobuono-Battisti A. , Haywood M. , Renaud F. , Combes F.
Published: March 2023

Context. Reconstructing how all the stellar components of the Galaxy formed and assembled over time by studying the properties of the stars that form it is the aim of Galactic archaeology. Thanks to the launch of the ESA Gaia astrometric mission and the development of many spectroscopic surveys in recent years, we are for the first time in the position to delve into the layers of the past of the Galaxy. Globular clusters play a fundamental role in this research field since they are among the oldest stellar systems in the MW and thus bear witness to its entire past.

Aims. As a natural result of galaxy formation, globular clusters did not necessarily all form in the Galaxy itself. Indeed, a fraction of them could have been formed in satellite galaxies accreted by the Milky Way over time. In recent years, there have been several attempts to constrain the nature of clusters (accreted or formed in the Milky Way itself) through the analysis of kinematic spaces, such as the E − Lz, Lperp − Lz, eccentricity − Lz, and the action space, as well as attempts to reconstruct the properties of the accretion events experienced by the Milky Way through time from this kind of analysis. This work aims to test a widely used assumption about the clustering of the accreted populations of globular clusters in the integrals of motions space.

Methods. In this paper we analyse a set of dissipationless N-body simulations that reproduce the accretion of one or two satellites with their globular cluster population on a Milky Way-type galaxy.

Results. Our results demonstrate that a significant overlap between accreted and ‘kinematically heated’ in situ globular clusters is expected in kinematic spaces for mergers with mass ratios of 1:10. In contrast with the standard assumptions made in the literature so far, we find that accreted globular clusters do not show dynamical coherence, that is, they do not cluster in kinematic spaces. In addition, we show that globular clusters can also be found in regions dominated by stars that have a different origin (i.e. a different progenitor). This casts doubt on the association between clusters and field stars that is generally made in the literature and is used to assign them to a common origin. By means of Gaussian mixture models, we demonstrate that the overlap of clusters is not only a projection effect on specific planes but is also found when the whole set of kinematic properties (i.e. E, Lz, Lperp, eccentricity, radial, and vertical actions) is taken into account. Overall, our findings severely question the recovered accretion history of the Milky Way based on the phase-space clustering of the globular cluster population.
Classifying the full SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey using optical diagnostic diagrams: Presentation of AGN catalogs in flexible apertures
Authors: Albán M. , Wylezalek D.
Published: March 2023

Accurate active galactic nucleus (AGN) identifications in large galaxy samples are crucial for the assessment of the role of AGN and AGN feedback in the co-evolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes. Emission-line flux-ratio diagnostics are commonly used to identify AGN in optical spectra. New large samples of integral field unit observations allow exploration of the role of aperture size in the classification process. In this paper, we present galaxy classifications for all 10010 galaxies observed within the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. We use Baldwin-Philips-Terlevich line flux-ratio diagnostics combined with an Hα equivalent threshold in 60 apertures of varying size for the classification, and provide the corresponding catalogs. MaNGA-selected AGN primarily lie below the main sequence of star-forming galaxies, and reside in massive galaxies with stellar masses of ~1011 M⊙ and a median Hα-derived star formation rate of ~1.44M⊙ yr−1. We find that the number of “fake” AGN increases significantly beyond selection apertures of >1.0 Reff because of increased contamination from diffuse ionized gas (DIG). A comparison with previous works shows that the treatment of the underlying stellar continuum and flux measurements can significantly impact galaxy classification. Our work provides the community with AGN catalogs and galaxy classifications for the full MaNGA survey.
Long-term Swift and Metsähovi monitoring of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7 reveals multi-wavelength correlated variability
Authors: Romano P. , Lähteenmäki A. , Vercellone S. , Foschini L. , Berton M. , Raiteri C. M. , Braito V. , Ciroi S. , Järvelä E. , Baitieri S. , Varglund I. , Tornikoski M. , Suutarinen S.
Published: March 2023

We report on the first multi-wavelength Swift monitoring campaign performed on SDSS J164100.10+345452.7, a nearby narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy that had formerly been considered to be radio-quiet. It has, however, more recently been detected both in the radio (at 37 GHz) and in the γ-ray, a behaviour that hints at the presence of a relativistic jet. During our 20-month Swift campaign, while pursuing the primary goal of assessing the baseline optical/UV and X-ray properties of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7, we observed two radio flaring episodes, namely, one each year. Our strictly simultaneous multi-wavelength data closely match the radio flare and allow us to unambiguously link the jetted radio emission of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7. Indeed, for the X-ray spectra preceding and following the radio flare, a simple absorbed power-law model does not offer an adequate description and, thus, an extra absorption component is required. The average spectrum of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7 can best be described by an absorbed power-law model with a photon index Γ = 1.93 ± 0.12, modified by a partially covering neutral absorber with a covering fraction of f = 0.91−0.03+0.02. On the contrary, the X-ray spectrum closest to the radio flare does not require any such extra absorber and it is much harder (Γflare ∼ 0.7 ± 0.4), thus implying the emergence of an additional, harder spectral component. We interpret this as the jet emission emerging from a gap in the absorber. The fractional variability we derived in the optical/UV and X-ray bands is found to be lower than the typical values reported in the literature because our observations of SDSS J164100.10+345452.7 are dominated by the source being in a low state, as opposed to the literature, where the observations were generally taken as a follow-up of bright flares in other energy bands. Based on the assumption that the origin of the 37 GHz radio flare is the emergence of a jet from an obscuring screen also observed in the X-ray, the derived total jet power is Pjettot = 3.5 × 1042 erg s−1. This result is close to the lowest values measured in the literature.
ANC experiments for nuclear astrophysics: The 26Si(p, γ)27P case
Authors: D’Agata G. , Kilic A. I. , Burjan V. , Mrázek J. , Glagolev V. , Kroha V. , Cassisa A. , Guardo G. L. , La Cognata M. , Lamia L. , Palmerini S. , Pizzone R. G. , Rapisarda G. G. , Romano S. , Sergi M. L. , Spartà R. , Spitaleri C. , Tumino A.
Published: March 2023

The Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient (ANC) method has proven to be useful in retrieving the direct part of the radiative capture cross section for a number of reactions of astrophysical interest. In this work, the study of the 26Si(p, γ)27P reaction, studied via the ANC in its extension for mirror nuclei will be discussed.
Presolar grain isotopic ratios as constraints to nuclear physics inputs for s-process calculations
Authors: Palmerini Sara , Busso Maurizio , Vescovi Diego , Cristallo Sergio , Mengoni Alberto , Simonucci Stefano , Taioli Simone
Published: March 2023

The isotopic abundances in presolar SiC grains of AGB origin provide important and precise constraints to those star nucleosynthesis models. By comparing the values of the s-element abundances resulting from calculations with the ones measured in these dust grains, it turns out that new measurements of weak-interaction rates in ionized plasmas, as well as of neutron-capture cross sections, are needed, especially in the region near the neutron magic numbers 50 and 82.
A new approach to β-decays studies impacting nuclear physics and astrophysics: The PANDORA setup
Authors: Mascali D. , Santonocito D. , Busso M. , Celona L. , Galatà A. , La Cognata M. , Mauro G. S. , Mengoni A. , Naselli E. , Odorici F. , Palmerini S. , Pidatella A. , Ràcz R. , Taioli S. , Torrisi G.
Published: March 2023

Theory predicts that lifetimes of β-radionuclides can change dramatically as a function of their ionization state. Experiments performed in Storage Rings on highly ionized atom have proven nuclei can change their beta decay lifetime up to several orders of magnitude. The PANDORA (Plasmas for Astrophysics, Nuclear Decay Observation and Radiation for Archaeometry) experiment is now conceived to measure, for the first time, nuclear β-decay rates using magnetized laboratory plasma that can mimic selected stellar-like conditions in terms of the temperature of the environment. The main feature of the setup which is based on a plasma trap to create and sustain the plasma, a detector array for the measurement of the gamma-rays emitted by the daughter nuclei after the decay process and the diagnostic tools developed to online monitor the plasma will be presented. A short list of the physics cases we plan to investigate together with an evaluation of their feasibility will be also discussed.
Nuclear level densities and γ-ray strength functions of 120,124Sn for astrophysical purposes
Authors: Markova Maria , Larsen Ann-Cecilie , Bello Garrote Frank Leonel
Published: March 2023

The nuclear level densities (NLDs) and γ-ray strength functions (GSFs) of 120,124Sn were extracted with the Oslo method, compared and combined with other experimental data to be used as inputs in the TALYS reaction code to constrain the Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) for the 119,123Sn(n, γ)120,124Sn reactions. For 120Sn, the MACS are in relatively good agreement with the JINA REACLIB, BRUSLIB libraries, while no clear agreement was found for 124Sn. In addition, the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) was found to contribute with up to ≈ 3 − 8% of the total MACS in these nuclei.
30 Jahre gesamtdeutsche Balintarbeit und ihre Wurzeln
Authors: Otten Heide
Published: March 2023

Die Balintarbeit in Deutschland hat zwei Wurzeln. Sie entwickelte sich in der BRD
und in der DDR parallel bis es 1991/92 zum Zusammenschluss der beiden
Balintgesellschaften Ost und West kam.
Understanding and Describing London Dispersion Effects in ­Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Activations
Authors: Yuan Binbin , Oliveira João C. A. , Ackermann Lutz
Published: March 2023

Transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation has emerged as a powerful strategy for molecular synthesis with unique levels of resource economy. Weak secondary dispersion interactions were found to play an essential role in these transformations in terms of kinetic efficacy and selectivity. This Account summarizes our group’s recent progress in the rationalization and quantification of London dispersion effects within the transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation.

1 Introduction

2 Annulation Reactions

3 Alkylation Reactions

4 Arylation Reactions

5 Olefination Reactions

6 Oxygenation Reactions

7 Conclusion
Modified Trans-Sinusal Transglabellar Approach for Anterior Cranial Fossa Meningiomas: Technical Note and Literature Review
Authors: Siqueira Bruno Lobo Mota de , Lemos Luiz Euripedes Almondes Santana , Araújo Maysa Gomes Ferreira de , Silva Rhuann Pontes dos Santos , Araújo Mayle Gomes Ferreira de , Cortez Fabíola Gissel , Filho Hildo Rocha Cirne de Azevedo
Published: March 2023

Introduction Currently, skull base surgery faces the dilemma of achieving the maximum possible tumor resection through less aggressive approaches and with minimal retraction of brain tissue. The objective of this work is to report a minimally invasive step-by-step approach to anterior cranial fossa tumors and to perform a literature review.

Methods In our work, we describe a step-by-step approach, with images, which is a variation of the transglabellar approach.

Results In all cases, we achieved maximum total resection of the lesion. There were no postoperative complications related to the surgery. In one case, we used the access to remove a foreign body in the frontal lobe.

Conclusion The frontal trans-sinusal transglabellar access allows direct access to anterior cranial fossa tumors and other frontal lobe lesions close to the floor of the anterior fossa, without the need for brain retraction, allowing early devascularization of the tumor. However, this access is not recommended for all types of tumors, and is being improved for more anteriorly located lesions.
Effect of implementing care protocols on acute ischemic stroke outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Leite Karina Fonseca de Souza , Faria Mariana Gaspar Botelho Funari de , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Sousa Keila Diane Lima de , Santos Samuel Ribeiro dos , Ferreira Kamila Santos , Rezende Carlos Eduardo Menezes de , Neto Octavio Marques Pontes , Monroe Aline Aparecida
Published: March 2023

Background Implementing stroke care protocols has intended to provide better care quality, favor early functional recovery, and achieving long-term results for the rehabilitation of the patient.

Objective To analyze the effect of implementing care protocols on the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods Primary studies published from 2011 to 2020 and which met the following criteria were included: population should be people with acute ischemic stroke; studies should present results on the outcomes of using protocols in the therapeutic approach to acute ischemic stroke. The bibliographic search was carried out in June 2020 in 7 databases. The article selection was conducted by two independent reviewers and the results were narratively synthesized.

Results A total of 11,226 publications were retrieved in the databases, of which 30 were included in the study. After implementing the protocol, 70.8% of the publications found an increase in the rate of performing reperfusion therapy, such as thrombolysis and thrombectomy; 45.5% identified an improvement in the clinical prognosis of the patient; and 25.0% of the studies identified a decrease in the length of hospital stay. Out of 19 studies that addressed the rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, 2 (10.5%) identified a decrease. A decrease in mortality was mentioned in 3 (25.0%) articles out of 12 that evaluated this outcome.

Conclusions We have identified the importance of implementing protocols in increasing the performance of reperfusion therapies, and a good functional outcome with improved prognosis after discharge. However, there is still a need to invest in reducing post-thrombolysis complications and mortality.
High performance older adults in a population-based sample with low education: Pietà study
Authors: Carmona Karoline Carvalho , Resende Elisa de Paula França , Guimarães Henrique Cerqueira , Machado Thais Helena , Amaral-Carvalho Viviane , Santos Etelvina Lucas dos , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Caramelli Paulo
Published: March 2023

Background Healthy brain aging can be defined as aging without neurological or psychiatric disorders, sustaining functional independence. In addition to the absence of disease and preserved functionality, there are individuals who stand out for their superior performance to that considered normal for their age in cognitive tests. These individuals are called “high-performance older adults” (HPOA).

Objectives To investigate the presence of HPOA in an oldest-old population with low education, and if present, to investigate associations with sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables.

Methods We evaluated 132 cognitively healthy individuals from the Pietà Study, a population-based investigation with 639 participants. We used the delayed recall from the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test to verify the existence of HPOA and to classify participants based on their performance. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables associated with HPOA were investigated.

Results We identified 18 individuals fulfilling HPOA criteria (age: 77.4 ± 2.6 years old; 14 women; education: 4.6 ± 3.4 years). The other participants, 114 total (age: 79.8 ± 4.5 years old; 69 women; education: 3.0 ± 2.7 years) were classified as “standard performance older adults” (SPOA). In multivariate analysis, younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.672; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.462–0.979; p = 0.037) and lower scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale (OR = 0.831; 95%CI: 0.688–0.989; p = 0.038) were associated with HPOA.

Conclusions The present study identifies for the first time HPOA with low educational level, thereby reinforcing the existence of biological substrates related to this condition. Furthermore, the data suggest an association between younger age and less depressive symptoms with HPOA.
Cognitive evaluation in Parkinson's disease: applying the Movement Disorder Society recommendations in a population with a low level of formal education
Authors: Rocha Natalia Pessoa , Carreira Eduarda Xavier , Prado Ana Carolina de Almeida , Tavares Fabíola , Tavares Mayra , Cardoso Francisco , Jaeger Antônio , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Teixeira Antônio Lucio
Published: March 2023

Background The diagnosis of cognitive disorders in Parkinson disease (PD) can be very challenging. Aiming at establishing uniform and reliable diagnostic procedures, the International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) commissioned task forces to delineate diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in PD.

Objectives To investigate the applicability of the MDS recommendations for cognitive evaluation in a Brazilian sample of patients with PD with low levels of formal education.

Methods A total of 41 patients with PD were subjected to a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation based on tests proposed by the MDS, which included the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS), the Trail Making Test (TMT) parts A and B, in addition to language and memory skills assessment. Neuropsychiatric and daily functioning features were also evaluated. Spearman correlation analyses were used to evaluate the association between the scores obtained in the cognitive scales and demographic/clinical variables.

Results Although none of the participants had a formal diagnosis of dementia, 50% presented some degree of cognitive impairment when considering the results of the MDRS. Of note, a noticeable number of patients was not able to complete the full neuropsychological assessment. The TMT part B was the most difficult task, being completed by only 22 participants (54%). As expected, the greater the educational level, the better the performance on the cognitive tests. Better motor function was also associated with better scores in cognition.

Conclusions Adopting strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and a comprehensive clinical evaluation, we found remarkable limitations for the MDS recommendations when individuals with low educational levels are considered. A revision of the current guidelines is necessary considering differences among populations, especially related to formal education.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a review with a focus on children and adolescents
Authors: Paolilo Renata Barbosa , Paz José Albino da , Apóstolos-Pereira Samira Luisa , Rimkus Carolina de Medeiros , Callegaro Dagoberto , Sato Douglas Kazutoshi
Published: March 2023

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare and severe inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). It is strongly associated with anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies (AQP4-IgG), and it mainly affects young women from non-white ethnicities. However, ∼ 5 to 10% of all cases have onset during childhood. Children and adolescents share the same clinical, radiologic, and laboratory presentation as adults. Thus, the same NMOSD diagnostic criteria are also applied to pediatric-onset patients, but data on NMOSD in this population is still scarce. In seronegative pediatric patients, there is a high frequency of the antibody against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) indicating another disease group, but the clinical distinction between these two diseases may be challenging. Three drugs (eculizumab, satralizumab, and inebilizumab) have been recently approved for the treatment of adult patients with AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD. Only satralizumab has recruited adolescents in one of the two pivotal clinical trials. Additional clinical trials in pediatric NMOSD are urgently required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these drugs in this population.
Correlation of brain segmental volume changes with clinical parameters: a longitudinal study in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Eskut Neslihan , Koc Ali Murat , Koskderelioglu Asli , Dilek Ismail , Tekindal Mustafa Agah
Published: March 2023

Objective To measure the cranial volume differences from 15 different parts in the follow-up of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and correlate them with clinical parameters.

Methods Forty-seven patients with RRMS were included in the study. Patients were grouped into two categories; low Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) (< 3; group 1), and moderate-high EDSS (≥ 3; group 2). Patients were evaluated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and calculated Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR) scores. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with a 1.5T MRI device (Magnetom AERA, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) twice in a 1-year period. Volumetric analysis was performed by a free, automated, online MRI brain volumetry software. The differences in volumetric values between the two MRI scans were calculated and correlated with the demographic and clinical parameters of the patients.

Results The number of attacks, disease duration, BDI, and FSS scores were higher in group 2; SDMT was higher in group 1. As expected, volumetric analyses have shown volume loss in total cerebral white matter in follow-up patients (p < 0.001). In addition, putaminal volume loss was related to a higher number of attacks. Besides, a negative relation between FSS with total amygdala volumes, a link between atrophy of globus pallidus and ARR, and BDI scores was found with the aid of network analysis.

Conclusions Apart from a visual demonstration of volume loss, cranial MRI with volumetric analysis has a great potential for revealing covert links between segmental volume changes and clinical parameters.
SuperConga: An open-source framework for mesoscopic superconductivity
Authors: Holmvall P. , Wall Wennerdal N. , Håkansson M. , Stadler P. , Shevtsov O. , Löfwander T. , Fogelström M.
Published: March 2023

We present SuperConga, an open-source framework for simulating equilibrium properties of unconventional and ballistic singlet superconductors, confined to two-dimensional (2D) mesoscopic grains in a perpendicular external magnetic field, at arbitrary low temperatures. It aims at being both fast and easy to use, enabling research without access to a computer cluster, and visualization in real-time with OpenGL. The core is written in C++ and CUDA, exploiting the embarrassingly parallel nature of the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity by utilizing the parallel computational power of modern graphics processing units. The framework self-consistently computes both the superconducting order-parameter and the induced vector potential and finds the current density, free energy, induced flux density, local density of states (LDOS), and the magnetic moment. A user-friendly Python frontend is provided, enabling simulation parameters to be defined via intuitive configuration files, or via the command-line interface, without requiring a deep understanding of implementation details. For example, complicated geometries can be created with relative ease. The framework ships with simple tools for analyzing and visualizing the results, including an interactive plotter for spectroscopy. An overview of the theory is presented, as well as examples showcasing the framework's capabilities and ease of use. The framework is free to download from https://gitlab.com/superconga/superconga, which also links to the extensive user manual, containing even more examples, tutorials, and guides. To demonstrate and benchmark SuperConga, we study the magnetostatics, thermodynamics, and spectroscopy of various phenomena. In particular, we study flux quantization in solenoids, vortex physics, surface Andreev bound-states, and a “phase crystal.” We compare our numeric results with analytics and present experimental observables, e.g., the magnetic moment and LDOS, measurable with, for example, scanning probes, STM, and magnetometry.
Homotopy double copy and the Kawai–Lewellen–Tye relations for the non-abelian and tensor Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Guarín Escudero Valentina , Lopez-Arcos Cristhiam , Quintero Vélez Alexander
Published: March 2023

Recently, a non-abelian generalization of the Navier–Stokes equation that exhibits a manifest duality between color and kinematics has been proposed by Cheung and Mangan. In this paper, we offer a new perspective on the double copy formulation of this equation based on the homotopy algebraic picture suggested by Borsten, Kim, Jurčo, Macrelli, Saemann, and Wolf. In the process, we describe precisely how the double copy can be realized at the level of perturbiner expansions. Specifically, we will show that the color-dressed Berends–Giele currents for the non-abelian version of the Navier–Stokes equation can be used to construct the Berends–Giele currents for the double copied equation by replacing the color factors with a second copy of kinematic numerators. We will also show a Kawai–Lewellen–Tye relation stating that the full tree-level scattering amplitudes in the latter can be written as a product of tree-level color ordered partial amplitudes in the former.
Impedance matching characteristic parameters of microwave absorbing materials for specular reflection and non-specular scattering suppression
Authors: Li Yinrui , Jian Dan , Yang Haitang , Zheng Lei , Wang Xian , Gong Rongzhou
Published: March 2023

The impedance matching characteristic parameters (IMCPs) of microwave absorbing materials for specular reflection under oblique incidence and surface wave attenuation are first proposed and defined. A microwave absorbing sheet was fabricated and its electromagnetic parameters were measured. The specular reflection suppression characterized by reflection loss and non-specular scattering suppression described by surface wave attenuation constants were studied with the change in thickness, polarization, and incident angle. The present results demonstrate that the definition of IMCPs for both specular reflection and non-specular scattering is effective. Meanwhile, the curves of IMCPs share the same shape and have the same peak frequency in specular reflection and non-specular scattering cases. In addition, Brewster angle properties are also consistent with the IMCPs under oblique incidence. Thus, this work develops a pathway for the design of microwave absorbing sheets suppressing both the specular reflection and non-specular scattering by adjusting the IMCPs.
Neutrinos, mixed bosons, quantum reference frames and entanglement
Authors: Capolupo A , Quaranta A
Published: March 2023

We discuss the relevance of quantum reference frames in the description of mixed particle states. We show that the notion of a rest frame for mixed particles, which is classically ill-defined, can be introduced in the context of quantum frames. We discuss the possible implications, displaying a new form of frame-dependent entanglement that characterizes reactions involving mixed particles, and suggest a possible route to extract observables related to such an entanglement.
Ambiguities in a partial-wave analysis of γ
p → π
0
p with truncation in total angular momentum
Authors: Fix A , Dementjev I
Published: March 2023

We address some questions related to the discrete ambiguity problem in a truncated partial-wave analysis in the case when the helicity basis together with truncation in total angular momentum j is employed. As a numerical application, we consider the case

j

max

=
3

/

2

using as input the MAID2007 and SAID multipoles in the γ
p → π
0
p channel.
Magnetic excitations in the helical Rashba superconductor
Authors: Akbari Alireza , Thalmeier Peter
Published: March 2023

We investigate the magnetic excitation spectrum in the helical state of a noncentrosymmetric superconductor with inversion symmetry breaking and strong Rashba spin–orbit coupling. For this purpose we derive the general expressions of the dynamical spin response functions under the presence of strong Rashba splitting of conduction bands, superconducting gap and external field which lead to stabilization of Cooper pairs with finite overall momentum in a helical state. The latter is characterized by momentum space regions of paired and unpaired states with different quasiparticle dispersions. The magnetic response is determined by i) excitations within and between both paired and unpaired regions ii) anomalous coherence factors and iii) additional spin matrix elements due to helical Rashba spin texture of bands. We show that as a consequence typical correlated real space and spin space anisotropies appear in the dynamical susceptibility which would be observable as a characteristic fingerprint for a helical superconducting state in inelastic neutron scattering investigations.
Correlation of plasma generated long-lived reactive species in aqueous and gas phases with different feeding gases
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Zhao Ming , Sun Da-Wen , Tiwari Brijesh K
Published: March 2023

Reactive species are believed to play an important role in the treatment effects in both direct and indirect plasma applications. To better understand plasma chemistry and reveal the reactive species generated in the aqueous and gas phases, this study investigated the reactive species (i.e. H2O2,

NO

2
−

and

NO

3
−

) that were generated using two types of plasma jets with different feeding gases (i.e. air, CO2, and N2) and treatment time (i.e. 0, 5, 10 and 20 min) in both aqueous and gas phases. Under the same treatment conditions, the determinations of reactive species in ambient air (X-variable) were carried out using optical absorption spectroscopy (OAS), and the detection of reactive species in plasma-activated water (PAW, Y-variable) was using wet chemical-based colourimetric methods. For both measurements, OAS spectral features and the contents of reactive species in PAW varied from different feeding gases and treatment times. The correlations of X and Y were developed using partial least squares (PLS) regression modelling. High collinearity (R2CVs ∼ 0.955–1) was shown between the independent X and Y. Based on the PLS regression results, the selectivity ratio (SR) algorithm was used to select the most important spectral wavelengths that are highly related to the functional groups of these reactive species.
A comprehensive study on the electron cyclotron resonance effect in a weakly magnetized capacitively coupled RF plasma: experiment, simulation and modeling
Authors: Liu Jia-Rui , Liu Yong-Xin , Wang You-Nian
Published: March 2023

The electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) effect in a weakly magnetized capacitively coupled radio frequency (RF) plasma was previously observed with optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in experiments and analyzed by particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) simulations (Zhang et al 2022 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
31 07LT01). When the electron cyclotron frequency equals the RF driving frequency, the electron can gyrate in phase with the RF electric field inside the plasma bulk, being continuously accelerated like microwave ECR, leading to prominent increases in the electron temperature and the excitation or ionization rate in the bulk region. Here, we study further the basic features of the RF ECR and the effects of the driving frequency and the gas pressure on the RF ECR effect by OES and via PIC/MCC simulations. Additionally, a single electron model is employed to aid in understanding the ECR effect. It is found that the maximum of the measured plasma emission intensity caused by ECR is suppressed by either decreasing the driving frequency from 60 MHz to 13.56 MHz or increasing the gas pressure from 0.5 Pa to 5 Pa, which shows a qualitative agreement with the change of the excitation rate obtained in the simulations. Besides, the simulation results show that by decreasing the driving frequency the electron energy probability function (EEPF) changes from a convex to a concave shape, accompanied by a decreased electron temperature in the bulk region. By increasing the gas pressure, the EEPF and the electron temperature show a reduced dependence on the magnitude of the magnetic field. These results suggest that the ECR effect is more pronounced at a higher frequency and a lower gas pressure, primarily due to a stronger bulk electric field, together wih a shorter gyration radius and lower frequency of electron–neutral collisions.
Dynamics of sputtered particles in multipulse HiPIMS discharge
Authors: Hnilica J , Klein P , Vašina P , Snyders R , Britun N
Published: March 2023

The behavior of the ground state neutral and singly ionized atoms is studied in multipulse high power impulse magnetron sputtering processes. The time-resolved two-dimensional laser induced fluorescence was used for imaging the discharge volume (density mapping) during the plasma-on and plasma-off time phases. The role of the number of micropulses and delay time between the micropulses in the pulse package is analyzed and discussed systematically. In addition, the propagation of the sputtered particles from the target is investigated.
Feedback-controlled flux modulation for high-temperature superconducting magnets in persistent current mode
Authors: Iftikhar Muhammad , Zhang Min , Yuan Weijia
Published: March 2023

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets have found wide applications in high-field settings owing to their high current capabilities. Typically, these magnets are powered by high-current power supplies via current leads, which can complicate insulation between cryogenic and room temperature environments. However, new developments in flux pumps for HTS magnets have enabled charging of kA levels of current without power supplies. By combining flux pumps with HTS persistent current operation, it is possible to achieve accurate flux modulation and eliminate the need for power supplies and current leads. In this study, we report on a novel feedback-controlled flux modulation for HTS magnets in persistent current operations. This flux modulation is based on a flux pump mechanism that generates a DC voltage across the charging superconductor by applying a current higher than its critical current. With closed-loop feedback control, our flux modulation can achieve precise injection and reduction of HTS magnet current in increments of 0.5 A. This technology can lead to stable magnetic fields in HTS magnet designs. We anticipate that this work will enable future magnets to operate in a stable persistent current mode within a closed cryogenic chamber, significantly reducing the footprint and power demand of HTS magnets and opening up new opportunities for their applications.
Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves from the generalized Brans-Dicke theory
Authors: Yi Zhu
Published: March 2023

The power spectrum of the scalar-tensor inflation with a quadratic form Ricci scalar coupling function Ω(ϕ) = 1 - 2ϕ/ϕc+ (1 +δ2)(ϕ/ϕc)2can be enhanced enough to produce primordial black holes and generate scalar-induced gravitational waves. The masses of primordial black holes and the frequencies of scalar-induced gravitational waves are controlled by the parameterϕc, and their amplitudes are determined by the parameterδ. Primordial black holes with stellar masses, planetary masses, and masses around 10-12M⊙are produced and their abundances are obtained from the peak theory. The frequencies of the corresponding scalar-induced gravitational waves are around 10-9Hz, 10-6Hz, and 10-3Hz, respectively. The primordial black holes with masses around 10-12M⊙can account for almost all of the dark matter, and the scalar-induced gravitational waves with frequencies around 10-9Hz can explain the NANOGrav 12.5 yrs signal.
Lepton mass correction in partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-leptonic decays*
Authors: Zhang Han , Ke Bai-Cian , Yu Yao , Wang En
Published: March 2023

We derive a parameterization formula for the partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-leptonic decays while considering the effects of lepton mass. Because the proposed super-tau-charm factory will reach a significantly enhanced luminosity and BESIII is collecting new

data, our results will help improve the measurement precision of future partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-muonic decays.
Characterisation of electron cyclotron wall conditioning plasma in ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Wauters T. , Buermans J. , Cavalier J. , Huett E. , Ragona R. , Svoboda J. , Bobkov V. , Griener M. , Jacobsen A.S. , Kallenbach A. , Likonen J. , Loarer T. , Lunt T. , Nielsen S.K. , Pitts R.A. , Ricci D. , Rohde V. , Stober J. , Schneider P. , Usoltseva M. , Team the ASDEX Upgrade
Published: March 2023

Electron cyclotron wall condition (ECWC) discharges are characterised in ASDEX Upgrade with full tungsten plasma facing components and X2 polarised waves launched from the equatorial ports, relevant to ECWC conditions in ITER Pre-Fusion Power Operation phase 1. The characterisation of the deuterium plasmas is based on experimental inputs such as electron density measurements, in-vessel pressure measurements, poloidal field maps obtained from the measured coil currents, as well as advanced tomographic methods on camera images filtered at the hydrogen Balmer lines. TOMATOR-1D simulations and collective Thomson scattering radiometer spectra complement the findings. The cold, high density and partially ionized toroidal plasmas show significant levels of stray radiation. The measured radiation includes waves at half of the gyrotron frequency suggesting the occurrence of parametric decay instabilities at 2nd harmonic upper hybrid resonance that locates at the low field side of the resonance. A displacement of the plasma emission along the resonance layer is observed at higher discharge power in discharges with a vertical poloidal magnetic field only. By optimizing the poloidal field pattern, along with the location of the electron cyclotron heating (ECH) resonance, the strongest surface interaction regions for the charged particles can be controlled. Directing plasma flux to inner wall surfaces, and same for the inner divertor apron, is found less effective in ASDEX Upgrade due to magnetic mirror effects and outward convective flows. Modeling however predicts the presence of an intense and uniform flux of low energy atoms produced at the ECH absorption layer that may be effective for conditioning the high field side surfaces after use of the disruption mitigation system.