bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two Origins, Two Functions: The Discovery of Distinct Secretory Ducts Formed during the Primary and Secondary Growth in Kielmeyera
Authors: Costa Ellenhise R. , Tangerina Marcelo M. P. , Ferreira Marcelo J. P. , Demarco Diego
Published: April 2021

Secretory ducts have been reported for more than 50 families of vascular plants among primary and secondary tissues. A priori, all ducts of a plant are of the same type, and only slight variations in the concentration of their compounds have been reported for few species. However, two types of secretion were observed in primary and secondary tissues of Kielmeyera appariciana, leading us to investigate the possible influence of duct origins on the structure and metabolism of this gland. Kielmeyera appariciana has primary ducts in the cortex and pith and secondary ducts in the phloem. Both ducts are composed of uniseriate epithelium surrounded by a sheath and a lumen formed by a schizogenous process. Despite their similar structure and formation, the primary ducts produce resin, while the secondary ducts produce gum. This is the first report of two types of ducts in the same plant. The distinct origin of the ducts might be related to the metabolic alteration, which likely led to suppression of the biosynthetic pathway of terpenoids and phenolics in the secondary ducts. The functional and evolutionary implications of this innovation are discussed in our study and may be related to the diversification of Kielmeyera and Calophyllaceae in tropical environments.
Influence of Local Burning on Difference Reflectance Indices Based on 400–700 nm Wavelengths in Leaves of Pea Seedlings
Authors: Sukhova Ekaterina , Yudina Lyubov , Gromova Ekaterina , Ryabkova Anastasiia , Vodeneev Vladimir , Sukhov Vladimir
Published: April 2021

Local damage (e.g., burning) induces a variation potential (VP), which is an important electrical signal in higher plants. A VP propagates into undamaged parts of the plant and influences numerous physiological processes, including photosynthesis. Rapidly increasing plant tolerance to stressors is likely to be a result of the physiological changes. Thus, developing methods of revealing VP-induced physiological changes can be used for the remote sensing of plant systemic responses to local damage. Previously, we showed that burning-induced VP influenced a photochemical reflectance index in pea leaves, but the influence of the electrical signals on other reflectance indices was not investigated. In this study, we performed a complex analysis of the influence of VP induction by local burning on difference reflectance indices based on 400–700 nm wavelengths in leaves of pea seedlings. Heat maps of the significance of local burning-induced changes in the reflectance indices and their correlations with photosynthetic parameters were constructed. Large spectral regions with significant changes in these indices after VP induction were revealed. Most changes were strongly correlated to photosynthetic parameters. Some indices, which can be potentially effective for revealing local burning-induced photosynthetic changes, are separately shown. Our results show that difference reflectance indices based on 400–700 nm wavelengths can potentially be used for the remote sensing of plant systemic responses induced by local damages and subsequent propagation of VPs.
Multi-Stressed Nano and Micro-Silica/Silicone Rubber Composites with Improved Dielectric and High-Voltage Insulation Properties
Authors: Faiza Faiza , Khattak Abraiz , Rehman Aqeel Ur , Ali Asghar , Mahmood Azhar , Imran Kashif , Ulasyar Abasin , Sheh Zad Haris , Ullah Nasim , Khan Adam
Published: April 2021

The scope of silicone rubber (SiR) is confined due to the deprivation of its dielectric propertiesupon exposure to various ambient stresses. The aim of this research is to develop silicone rubber-based composites by employing inorganic oxide fillers for improved dielectric and high voltage insulation properties for widening its scope in the field of electrical appliances. This study reports the preparation of different composites of silicone rubber with varying concentrations of micro and nano-silica fillers. The dielectric propertytrends of these as-prepared neat and impregnated samples were examined via an indigenously developed weathering chamber capable of applying multiple stresses of acid rain, heat, humidity, UVA radiation, and salt fog. Dielectric constant values were measured before and after applying stresses. Upon applying stresses, a periodic decline in dielectric constant was observed. Improved dielectric properties were obtained by adding micro and nano-silica as fillers. A nano silica-incorporated silicone rubber product exhibited good potential for dual applications as dielectric and high voltage insulation.
Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers
Authors: Jang Jina , Zhou Haoyu , Lee Jungbae , Kim Hakgae , In Jung Bin
Published: April 2021

Conductive fibers are essential building blocks for implementing various functionalities in a textile platform that is highly conformable to mechanical deformation. In this study, two major techniques were developed to fabricate silver-deposited conductive fibers. First, a droplet-coating method was adopted to coat a nylon fiber with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). While conventional dip coating uses a large ink pool and thus wastes coating materials, droplet-coating uses minimal quantities of silver ink by translating a small ink droplet along the nylon fiber. Secondly, the silver-deposited fiber was annealed by similarly translating a tubular heater along the fiber to induce sintering of the AgNPs and AgNWs. This heat-scanning motion avoids excessive heating and subsequent thermal damage to the nylon fiber. The effects of heat-scanning time and heater power on the fiber conductance were systematically investigated. A conductive fiber with a resistance as low as ~2.8 Ω/cm (0.25 Ω/sq) can be produced. Finally, it was demonstrated that the conductive fibers can be applied in force sensors and flexible interconnectors.
On the Structural Peculiarities of Self-Reinforced Composite Materials Based on UHMWPE Fibers
Authors: Zherebtsov Dmitry , Chukov Dilyus , Royaud Isabelle , Ponçot Marc , Larin Ilya , Statnik Eugene S. , Drozdova Taisia , Kirichenko Alexey , Salimon Alexey , Sherif Galal , Besnard Cyril , Korsunsky Alexander M.
Published: April 2021

The structure of self-reinforced composites (SRCs) based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was studied by means of Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS), X-ray tomography, Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and in situ tensile testing in combination with advanced processing tools to determine the correlation between the processing conditions, on one hand, and the molecular structure and mechanical properties, on the other. SRCs were fabricated by hot compaction of UHMWPE fibers at different pressure and temperature combinations without addition of polymer matrix or softener. It was found by WAXS that higher compaction temperatures led to more extensive melting of fibers with the corresponding reduction of the Herman’s factor reflecting the degree of molecular orientation, while the increase of hot compaction pressure suppressed the melting of fibers within SRCs at a given temperature. X-ray tomography proved the absence of porosity while polarized light Raman spectroscopy measurements for both longitudinal and perpendicular fiber orientations showed qualitatively the anisotropy of SRC samples. SEM revealed that the matrix was formed by interlayers of molten polymer entrapped between fibers in SRCs. Moreover, in situ tensile tests demonstrated the increase of Young’s modulus and tensile strength with increasing temperature.
Numerical Investigation of the Deformable Porous Media Treated by the Intermittent Microwave
Authors: Su Tianyi , Zhang Wenqing , Zhang Zhijun , Wang Xiaowei , Zhang Shiwei
Published: April 2021

A 2D axi-symmetric theoretical model of dielectric porous media in intermittent microwave (IMW) thermal process was developed, and the electromagnetic energy, multiphase transport, phase change, large deformation, and glass transition were taken into consideration. From the simulation results, the mass was mainly carried by the liquid water, and the heat was mainly carried by liquid water and solid. The diffusion was the dominant mechanism of the mass transport during the whole process, whereas for the heat transport, the convection dominated the heat transport near the surface areas during the heating stage. The von Mises stress reached local maxima at different locations at different stages, and all were lower than the fracture stress. A material treated by a longer intermittent cycle length with the same pulse ratio (PR) tended to trigger the phenomena of overheat and fracture due to the more intense fluctuation of moisture content, temperature, deformation, and von Mises stress. The model can be extended to simulate the intermittent radio frequency (IRF) process on the basis of which one can select a suitable energy source for a specific process.
Capture and Reuse of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) for a Plastics Circular Economy: A Review
Authors: Pires da Mata Costa Laura , Micheline Vaz de Miranda Débora , Couto de Oliveira Ana Carolina , Falcon Luiz , Stella Silva Pimenta Marina , Guilherme Bessa Ivan , Juarez Wouters Sílvio , Andrade Márcio Henrique S. , Pinto José Carlos
Published: April 2021

Plastic production has been increasing at enormous rates. Particularly, the socioenvironmental problems resulting from the linear economy model have been widely discussed, especially regarding plastic pieces intended for single use and disposed improperly in the environment. Nonetheless, greenhouse gas emissions caused by inappropriate disposal or recycling and by the many production stages have not been discussed thoroughly. Regarding the manufacturing processes, carbon dioxide is produced mainly through heating of process streams and intrinsic chemical transformations, explaining why first-generation petrochemical industries are among the top five most greenhouse gas (GHG)-polluting businesses. Consequently, the plastics market must pursue full integration with the circular economy approach, promoting the simultaneous recycling of plastic wastes and sequestration and reuse of CO2 through carbon capture and utilization (CCU) strategies, which can be employed for the manufacture of olefins (among other process streams) and reduction of fossil-fuel demands and environmental impacts. Considering the previous remarks, the present manuscript’s purpose is to provide a review regarding CO2 emissions, capture, and utilization in the plastics industry. A detailed bibliometric review of both the scientific and the patent literature available is presented, including the description of key players and critical discussions and suggestions about the main technologies. As shown throughout the text, the number of documents has grown steadily, illustrating the increasing importance of CCU strategies in the field of plastics manufacture.
‘To Hell with Bishops’: Rethinking the Nexus of State, Law and Religion in Times of Crisis in Zimbabwe
Authors: Dube Bekithemba
Published: April 2021

The article addresses the responses of the government of Zimbabwe and its proxies to a letter issued by Catholic bishops on 14 August 2020, entitled ‘The march is not ended’. The response to the letter presents an ambivalent view of the nexus of the state, law and religion in Zimbabwe, which needs to be teased out and challenged in order to reinvent a democratic nation. This theoretical article taps into decoloniality theory to problematise state responses to the letter. The articles discuss responses by government actors, such as Monica Mutswanga and Nick Magwana, and regime enablers, such as Mutendi and Wutawunashe. The responses indicate the weaponization of religion and law to silence dissenting voices, and to enact a skewed nationalism. The article argues that, in the context of crisis, authoritarianism, and abuse of human rights, politicians and religious leaders should position their narratives to enact social justice, ontological density, peace and accountability, as a healing process to usher in sustainable development.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Semi-Autonomous Hydraulic Dual Manipulator for Cutting Pipework in Radiologically Active Environments
Authors: Monk Stephen D. , Grievson Alex , Bandala Manuel , West Craig , Montazeri Allahyar , Taylor C. James
Published: April 2021

We describe the implementation of a bespoke two arm hydraulically actuated robotic platform which is used to semi-autonomously cut approximately 50 mm diameter pipes of three different materials: cardboard, ABS plastic and aluminium. The system is designed to be utilised within radiologically active environments where human access is limited due to dose limits and thus remote operation is greatly beneficial. The remotely located operator selects the object from an image via a bespoke algorithm featuring a COTS 3D vision system, along with the desired positions for gripping with one manipulator, and cutting with the other. A pseudo-Jacobian inverse kinematic technique and a programmable automation controller are used to achieve the appropriate joint positions within the dual arm robotic platform. In this article, we present the latest developments to the system and the lessons learnt from the new cutting experiments with a reciprocating saw. A comparison to tele-operated control and manual cutting is also made, with this technique shown to be slower than manual cutting, but faster than pure tele-operational control, where the requirements for highly trained users and operator fatigue are further deleterious factors.
Reconstruction of the Daily MODIS Land Surface Temperature Product Using the Two-Step Improved Similar Pixels Method
Authors: Tan Junlei , Che Tao , Wang Jian , Liang Ji , Zhang Yang , Ren Zhiguo
Published: April 2021

The MODIS land surface temperature (LST) product is one of the most widely used data sources to study the climate and energy-water cycle at a global scale. However, the large number of invalid values caused by cloud cover limits the wide application of the MODIS LST. In this study, a two-step improved similar pixels (TISP) method was proposed for cloudy sky LST reconstruction. The TISP method was validated using a temperature-based method over various land cover types. The ground measurements were collected at fifteen stations from 2013 to 2018 during the Heihe Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research (HiWATER) field campaign in China. The estimated theoretical clear-sky temperature indicates that clouds cool the land surface during the daytime and warm it at nighttime. For bare land, the surface temperature shows a clear seasonal trend and very similar across stations, with a cooling amplitude of 4.14 K in the daytime and a warming amplitude of 3.99 K at nighttime, as a yearly average. The validation result showed that the reconstructed LST is highly consistent with in situ measurements and comparable with MODIS LST validation accuracy, with a mean bias of 0.15 K at night (−0.43 K in the day), mean RMSE of 2.91 K at night (4.41 K in the day), and mean R2 of 0.93 at night (0.90 in the day). The developed method maximizes the potential of obtaining quality MODIS LST retrievals, ancillary data, and in situ observations, and the results show high accuracy for most land cover types.
Estimation of the Precipitable Water and Water Vapor Fluxes in the Coastal and Inland Cities of China Using MAX-DOAS
Authors: Ren Hongmei , Li Ang , Xie Pinhua , Hu Zhaokun , Xu Jin , Huang Yeyuan , Li Xiaomei , Zhong Hongyan , Tian Xin , Ren Bo , Zhang Hairong
Published: April 2021

Water vapor transport affects regional precipitation and climate change. The measurement of precipitable water (PW) and water vapor flux (WVF) is of great importance for the study of precipitation and water vapor transport. This study presented a new method of computing PW and estimating WVF using the water vapor vertical column density (VCD) and profile retrieved from multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS), combined with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 wind profiles. We applied our method to MAX-DOAS observations in the coastal (Qingdao) and inland (Xi’an) cities of China from June 2019 to May 2020 and compared the results to the ERA5 reanalysis datasets. Good agreement with ERA5 datasets was found; the correlation coefficient (r) of the PW and the zonal and meridional WVFs were r ≥ 0.92, r = 0.77, and r ≥ 0.89, respectively. The comparison results showed the feasibility and reliability of estimating PW and WVF using MAX-DOAS. Then, we analyzed the seasonal and diurnal climatology of the PW and WVFs in Qingdao and Xi’an. The results indicated that the seasonal and diurnal variations of the PW in the two cities were similar. The zonal water vapor transport of the two cities mainly involved eastward transport, Qingdao’s meridional water vapor mainly involved southward transport, and that of Xi’an mainly involved northward transport. The WVFs of the two cities were higher in the afternoon than in the morning, which may be related to wind speed. The results also indicated that the WVF transmitting belts appeared at around 2 and 1.4 km above the surface in Qingdao and around 2.8, 2.6, 1.6, and 1.0 km above the surface in Xi’an. Before precipitation, the WVF transmitting belt moved from near the ground to a high level, reaching its maximum at about 2 km, and the PW and meridional vertically integrated WVF increased. Finally, the sources and transports of water vapor during continuous precipitation and torrential rain were analyzed according to a 24 h backward trajectory. The air mass from the southeast accounted for more than 84% during continuous precipitation in Xi’an, while the air mass from the ocean accounted for more than 75% during torrential rain in Qingdao and was accompanied by a high-level ocean jet stream. As an optical remote sensing instrument, MAX-DOAS has the advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, low cost, and easy maintenance. The application of MAX-DOAS to meteorological remote sensing provides a better method for evaluating the PW and WVF.
Cloud Phase Recognition Based on Oxygen A Band and CO2 1.6 µm Band
Authors: Li Qinghui , Sun Xuejin , Wang Xiaolei
Published: April 2021

The accurate recognition of the cloud phase has a great influence on the retrieval of the cloud top height. In order to improve the accuracy of obtaining the cloud top height with OCO-2, we proposed a cloud phase recognition algorithm based on the threshold of parameter α; α is defined as the reflectivity ratio of the region with weak continuous absorption of the oxygen A band to the region with weak continuous absorption of the CO2 1.6 µm band. The α under different solar zenith angles and different ground albedos was calculated. The results show the following: under the same surface albedo and solar zenith angle, α was large for ice clouds and small for water clouds. Under the same surface albedo, the greater the solar zenith angle, the smaller the α of the ice cloud, and the larger the α of the water cloud. Under the same solar zenith angle, the greater the surface albedo, the smaller the α; when the solar zenith angle was less than 70°, α can be used to effectively distinguish between the ice cloud and water cloud. This study used OCO-2 data of a single orbit over ocean to verify the feasibility of the algorithm through comparison with the CALIOP cloud phase product, which provided a basis for OCO-2 cloud top height estimation.
Review of Works Combining GNSS and InSAR in Europe
Authors: Del Soldato Matteo , Confuorto Pierluigi , Bianchini Silvia , Sbarra Paolo , Casagli Nicola
Published: April 2021

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) can be combined to achieve different goals, owing to their main principles. Both enable the collection of information about ground deformation due to the differences of two consequent acquisitions. Their variable applications, even if strictly related to ground deformation and water vapor determination, have encouraged the scientific community to combine GNSS and InSAR data and their derivable products. In this work, more than 190 scientific contributions were collected spanning the whole European continent. The spatial and temporal distribution of such studies, as well as the distinction in different fields of application, were analyzed. Research in Italy, as the most represented nation, with 47 scientific contributions, has been dedicated to the spatial and temporal distribution of its studied phenomena. The state-of-the-art of the various applications of these two combined techniques can improve the knowledge of the scientific community and help in the further development of new approaches or additional applications in different fields. The demonstrated usefulness and versability of the combination of GNSS and InSAR remote sensing techniques for different purposes, as well as the availability of free data, EUREF and GMS (Ground Motion Service), and the possibility of overcoming some limitations of these techniques through their combination suggest an increasingly widespread approach.
Impact of Trump’s Digital Rhetoric on the US Elections: A View from Worldwide Far-Right Populism
Authors: Pérez-Curiel Concha , Rivas-de-Roca Rubén , García-Gordillo Mar
Published: April 2021

A time of turmoil and uncertainty is invading the public sphere. Under the framework of the 2020 US elections, populist leaders around the world supported Trump’s speech on Twitter, sharing a common ideology and language. This study examines which issues (issue frame), and strategies (game frame) framed the messages of populism on Twitter by analyzing the equivalences through Trump’s storytelling and checking the bias of the media in the coverage of the US elections. We selected a sample of tweets (n = 1497) and digital front pages of global newspapers (n = 112) from the date of the Trump/Biden face-to-face debate (29 September 2020) until the Democratic party candidate was proclaimed the winner of the elections by the media (7 November 2020). Using a content analysis method based on triangulation (quantitative and qualitative-discursive), we analyzed the Twitter accounts of five leaders (@realDonalTrump, @MLP_officiel, @matteosalvinimi, @Santi_ABASCAL, and @Jairbolsonaro) and five digital front pages (The New York Times, O Globo, Le Monde, La Repubblica, and El País). The results show that populist politicians reproduced the discourse of fraud and conspiracy typical of Trump’s politics on Twitter. The negative bias of the media was also confirmed, giving prominence to a rhetoric of disinformation that overlaps with the theory of populism.
Analysis on Stability of Roadside Parking System in a Rail-Integrated Transport Hub
Authors: Yang Junheng , Zang Xiaodong , Luo Qiang , Shao Liming
Published: April 2021

Roadside parking systems plays an important role in the planning and design of parking spaces, parking management and operation, and ensuring the safety of passengers. Firstly, we proposed a traffic wave theory and an avoidance logic algorithm to analyze the interaction mechanism of the roadside parking system in a rail-integrated transport hub. Moreover, we researched the evaluation indexes of the stability of roadside parking systems via two new concepts, namely static roadside parking time and dynamic roadside parking time. We found these improved the algorithm of the time utilization rate of the berth. Secondly, the coupling relationship between parking rate, delay and time utilization of berth was also discussed, and mathematical models of stability of the curb parking system were established. Furthermore, the feasibility of models was verified by multi-agent simulation through the VISSIM simulation platform. Finally, a new rail-integrated transport hub was taken as a practical case and studied alongside the simulation of the stability of curb parking system. Our study concluded that the curb parking system was ultimate stable when the time utilization rate was 37.5% and the parking rate was 91.2%. The results of these studies will provide theoretical support for designing curb parking berths in rail-integrated transport hubs.
Symmetry Reduction in FEM Optics Modeling of Single and Periodic Nanostructures
Authors: Mäntynen Henrik , Lipsanen Harri , Anttu Nicklas
Published: April 2021

Numerical optics modeling is an invaluable tool in the design of nanostructures for nanophotonics applications where diffraction effects often lead to complex dependency between the nanostructure geometry and its optical properties and response. In order to analyze, design, and optimize such nanostructures, computationally efficient numerical optics modeling methods are required. One way to improve the numerical performance is to exploit symmetries found in many optics problems. By identifying equivalencies and restrictions arising from symmetry, it can be possible to simplify the problem at hand, which is the essence of symmetry reduction. However, applying symmetry reduction in optics modeling problems is not trivial. To the best of our knowledge, symmetry reduction has so-far been applied in finite element method (FEM) optics models only in those specific cases where an incident plane wave shares symmetries with the nanostructure geometry. In this work, we show how to extend the symmetry reduction of FEM optics models to the case of nonsymmetric plane-wave incidence, demonstrate such reduction with numerical examples of incident plane wave absorption in a single nanowire and a periodic nanowire array, and discuss the achieved gains in computational efficiency.
Preclinical Detection of Alpha-Synuclein Seeding Activity in the Colon of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Synucleinopathy by RT-QuIC
Authors: Han Jung-Youn , Shin Chaewon , Choi Young Pyo
Published: April 2021

In synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy body (DLB), pathological alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates are found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as well as in the brain. In this study, using real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), we investigated the presence of α-syn seeding activity in the brain and colon tissue of G2-3 transgenic mice expressing human A53T α-syn. Here we show that pathological α-syn aggregates with seeding activity were present in the colon of G2-3 mice as early as 3 months old, which is in the presymptomatic stage prior to the observation of any neurological abnormalities. In contrast, α-syn seeding activity was not detectable in 3 month-old mouse brains and only identified at 6 months of age in one of three mice. In the symptomatic stage of 12 months of age, RT-QuIC seeding activity was consistently detectable in both the brain and colon of G2-3 mice. Our results indicate that the RT-QuIC assay can presymptomatically detect pathological α-syn aggregates in the colon of G2-3 mice several months prior to their detection in brain tissue.
Fate and Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Water and Sediment from Songhua River, Northeast China
Authors: Mohammed Rashid , Zhang Zi-Feng , Jiang Chao , Hu Ying-Hua , Liu Li-Yan , Ma Wan-Li , Song Wei-Wei , Nikolaev Anatoly , Li Yi-Fan
Published: April 2021

The Songhua River is one of the most populated and oldest industrial areas in Northeast China. To understand the sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, such as 16 priority (PAHs), 33 methylated (Me-PAHs), and 12 nitrated (NPAHs) in river water and sediment, were noticed. The concentrations of ∑PAHs, ∑Me-PAHs, and ∑NPAHs in river water scaled from 135 to 563, 9.36 to 711, and 1.26 to 64.7 ng L−1, with mean values of 286, 310, and 17.9 ng L−1, and those in sediments were from 35.8 to 2000 ng g−1, 0.62 to 394 ng g−1, and 0.28 to 176 ng g−1 (dry weight) with mean values of 283, 103, and 21.7 ng g−1. The compositions proved that two-ring and three-ring compounds of PAHs, NPAHs, and four-ring, six-ring of Me-PAHs were prevalent in water samples; in contrast, four-ring dominated in sediments. Principal components analysis (PCA) and diagnostic ratios confirmed that pollutant source was mixed petrogenic and pyrogenic origin. The fugacity fraction (ƒƒ) was also calculated to explain the trend of sediment–water exchange, high ƒƒ values found in summer, for most HMW PAHs and Me-PAHs that these substances acted as a secondary source of emissions from sediment to water. The risk assessment for water was categorized as high.
Testing of an Optimization-Simulation Model for Real-Time Flood Operation of River-Reservoir Systems
Authors: Albo-Salih Hasan , Mays Larry
Published: April 2021

A new methodology was developed for the real-time determination gate control operations of a river-reservoir system to minimize flooding conditions. The methodology is based upon an optimization-simulation model approach interfacing the genetic algorithm within MATLAB with simulation software for short-term rainfall forecasting, rainfall–runoff modeling (HEC-HMS), and a one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and combined 1D and 2D combined unsteady flow models (HEC-RAS). Both real-time rainfall data from next-generation radar (NEXRAD) and gaging stations, and forecasted rainfall are needed to make gate control decisions (reservoir releases) in real-time so that at time t, rainfall is known and rainfall over the future time-period (Δt) to time t + Δt can be forecasted. This new model can be used to manage reservoir release schedules (optimal gate operations) before, during, and after a rainfall event. Through real-time observations and optimal gate controls, downstream water surface elevations are controlled to avoid exceedance of threshold flood levels at target locations throughout a river-reservoir system to minimize the damage. In an example application, an actual river reach with a hypothetical upstream flood control reservoir is modeled in real-time to test the optimization-simulation portion of the overall model.
A Data-Driven Method for the Temporal Estimation of Soil Water Potential and Its Application for Shallow Landslides Prediction
Authors: Bordoni Massimiliano , Inzaghi Fabrizio , Vivaldi Valerio , Valentino Roberto , Bittelli Marco , Meisina Claudia
Published: April 2021

Soil water potential is a key factor to study water dynamics in soil and for estimating the occurrence of natural hazards, as landslides. This parameter can be measured in field or estimated through physically-based models, limited by the availability of effective input soil properties and preliminary calibrations. Data-driven models, based on machine learning techniques, could overcome these gaps. The aim of this paper is then to develop an innovative machine learning methodology to assess soil water potential trends and to implement them in models to predict shallow landslides. Monitoring data since 2012 from test-sites slopes in Oltrepò Pavese (northern Italy) were used to build the models. Within the tested techniques, Random Forest models allowed an outstanding reconstruction of measured soil water potential temporal trends. Each model is sensitive to meteorological and hydrological characteristics according to soil depths and features. Reliability of the proposed models was confirmed by correct estimation of days when shallow landslides were triggered in the study areas in December 2020, after implementing the modeled trends on a slope stability model, and by the correct choice of physically-based rainfall thresholds. These results confirm the potential application of the developed methodology to estimate hydrological scenarios that could be used for decision-making purposes.
PETITION AS A PROCEDURAL FORM OF REALIZATION BY A FORENSIC EXPERT OF THE RIGHT TO AN EXPERT INITIATIVE
Authors: Nedashkivska О.
Published: April 2021

The author raises the issue of the lack of a clear mechanism for the implementation of the right of a forensic expert of an expert initiative using the right of a forensic expert to file a petition as, in fact, the only procedural form for a forensic expert to exercise his right of an expert initiative.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing legal framework governing the right of expert initiative and various scientific opinions on the right to identify an expert initiative, using the right to petition.
The study was conducted by analyzing the current legislation in terms of regulating the right of expert initiative and the views of scholars on the concept of expert initiative, as well as a survey of practicing forensic experts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine to determine the limits of ownership of the conceptual apparatus, its implementation in practice.
The level of mastery of the conceptual apparatus by forensic experts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of expert initiative and the possibility of their implementation in practice is established. Various scientific approaches to the problem of using the right of expert initiative in modern conditions are analyzed, the practical significance and importance of legal regulation of the right of a forensic expert to file a petition as a procedural form of ensuring the right of expert initiative by forensic experts in their practical work is demonstrated.
A systematic solution to the problem is proposed by the improving the legal framework that would regulate the procedure for using the right of a forensic expert to file a petition as a de facto form of exercising the right to an expert initiative and creating an algorithm to ensure the right of a forensic expert to an expert initiative.
Inventario de atractivos turísticos a nivel municipal
Authors: Coralis Martínez  , Dennys Rodríguez
Published: April 2021

El inventario de los atractivos turísticos constituye el primer paso para analizar el potencial turístico en una zona, por lo que representa una herramienta valiosa para identificar, registrar y clasificar los bienes propios de una comunidad. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar el inventario de los atractivos turísticos del municipio Naguanagua, Estado Carabobo, Venezuela, a fin de contribuir con su puesta en valor, siendo un estudio descriptivo y documental, para el que se aplicó una metodología de campo no experimental, tomando como técnica de recolección de información la observación directa, lo cual permitió conocer la situación actual de los atractivos para proceder a su posterior registro y clasificación de los mismos. La valoración del patrimonio cultural y natural se incrementa a medida que va obteniendo reconocimiento, primeramente, desde la comunidad local donde se encuentran, luego a nivel nacional, hasta el ámbito internacional.
Empalideciam e ficavam imóveis como estátuas
Authors: Ferreira Alexandre Jucieldo
Published: April 2021

O artigo parte de relatos memorialísticos sobre o cólera que atingiu Icó, Ceará, em 1862. Neles, a moléstia é apresentada como o capítulo inicial da decadência econômica e perda do prestígio político local. Para justificar a tese, os memorialistas afirmam ter a doença matado metade da população na ocasião. Do mesmo modo, os relatos apresentam o médico Pierre Théberge, como o herói da quadra epidêmica, ao ponto de morrer por cólera, enquanto socorria os doentes de outro surto, em 1864. Através de manuscritos e jornais, demonstro como a memória local inflacionou o impacto demográfico da epidemia. Apresento uma narrativa dos dias de crise, especialmente indicando os efeitos no cotidiano local: um tempo de medo e tensões sociais. A apresentação do drama epidêmico indicia o que levou o cólera a permanecer sendo acionado na memória local quase cento e sessenta anos depois.
leitura de "A noite da espera"
Authors: Lemos Coelho Ribeiro Isabela
Published: April 2021

Esse artigo busca pensar o romance A noite da espera, de Milton Hatoum, através das reflexões sobre memória elaboradas na obra, e da relação entre estética e política na literatura. A proposta é pensar como, nos volumes publicados por Hatoum da trilogia O lugar mais sombrio, a construção da narrativa é considerada como uma forma de resistência e de engajamento.
“Entonces, Victoria, plante su cruz ahora, la cruz de los suyos"
Authors: González María Soledad
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo se propone abordar a Victoria Ocampo como gestora artística y cultural antes de Sur.  Para esto, recurriremos al abordaje de algunos pasajes de sus Testimonios y al cuarto volumen de su Autobiografía titulado “Viraje”, para comprender su labor antes de su consagración a partir de los treinta. Como hipótesis expresamos que Ocampo inicia su recorrido como gestora artística y cultural en los veinte en el marco del gobierno de Marcelo T. de Alvear y que dicho posicionamiento escasamente abordado por la crítica permite leerla en el trayecto inicial a partir de los nexos entre cultura, arte y política, y a partir de la legitimación que la misma buscaba lograr a partir de ese entrelazamiento. Buscaremos por medio del recurso a lo comparativo interpretarla en dos escenarios que permiten explicar su agencia, el de la hospitalidad y de lo institucional.
Performance Revitalize:
Authors: De Oliveira Elen Patricia , De Oliveira Juliane
Published: April 2021

O evento Escultura Pública foi um marco para os artistas paranaenses da época e para a sociedade devido seu revolucionário discurso na concepção do projeto, até as polêmicas geradas a partir da violenta retirada das obras pelo prefeito da época. A única obra que restou foi a proposta de Laura Miranda, instalada na Rua XV de Novembro, no centro da cidade de Curitiba, objeto da performance Revitalize. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de estabelecer uma relação entre a proposta da referida performance em diálogo com a proposta poética da artista Laura Miranda, no âmbito do evento Escultura Pública, de 1992. Esta ação urbana chamou a atenção dos habitantes da cidade para as relações fenomenológicas, sociais e políticas mobilizadas pelo trabalho de Laura Miranda, especialmente, o que se refere ao debate sobre arte pública.
DFT Treatment of ANTA and Some of its Tautomers
Authors: Türker Lemi
Published: April 2021

An insensitive explosive material, ANTA, and some of its prototropic tautomers have been considered within the constraints of density functional theory at the levels of B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) and B3LYP/cc-PVTZ (partly). Various energetic, quantum chemical and spectral properties have been obtained and discussed. The NICS(0) values have been obtained and contemplated on them.
Comparison between the Literary Characteristics of Sangam Period and Pre Islamic Era – An Introductory Study
Authors: Zunoomy M S
Published: April 2021

Each communities involves in literary field to reflect their origin and uniqueness. Sangam Period on behalf of Tamil language and Pre Islamic Era on behalf of Arabic language are the mostly involvement periods in literary field. Both periods are still talked about in the field of literature that shows theirs antiquity and literary excellence. Literary discussion of these two different language literatures is an essential nowadays. According to this, the significant of this research indicates that each period has been analyzed separately in many views. But comparative analysis is deficiency. Therefore, this research uses comparative descriptive methodology to analysis literary characteristics among them. This paper aims to increase comparative literature discussions among the periods. Understanding the literature through another literature is the important. Therefore, this research will promote comparative studies among Tamil and Arabic literatures in the future.
Mythology of Tamils in Mullaipattu
Authors: Esther Arulmary S N
Published: April 2021

Mullaipattu is one of the Pathupattu. Small book in terms of lines. It also has another name, Nenjatruppadai. The name is derived from the fact that the head of Mullaipattu stands with a relaxed heart. The author of this book is Napputhanar, the son of a gold trader from Kavirippoompattinam. This book is an Asiriapattu composed in terms of alphabetical order. Written in the second century AD, the book is a vivid description of the life of the people of that time. This book explains the biological beliefs of the people of that time, the cults, the warfare of the kings, the methods of protection, the clear view of nature are the background of modern life. The purpose of this article is to explore this.
DESKRIPSI HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA POKOK BAHASAN BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Wahab , Achmad Novianita , Fahrudin Nada Chandra
Published: April 2021

This study aims to describe students' mathematics learning outcomes through online learning for the 2019/2020 academic year on the subject of flat-sided space geometry. This descriptive study was conducted at SMP Negeri 5 Paguyaman involving 28 students of class VIII as a sample selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study were tests in the form of multiple-choice questions and student response questionnaires. The results of the research that refer to the cognitive domain of the revised Bloom taxonomy by Anderson and Krathwohl show that the C1 cognitive domain is remembering, the ability of students to remember, recognize or know a concept of the material being asked in the questions given an average of 77.36% is in a good category. C2 cognitive domain is understanding; students' ability to understand the material on average 35.75% is in the poor category. C3 cognitive realm applies, on this indicator, students' ability to apply the formula to the questions given an average of 17.85% is in the poor category. C4 cognitive domain analyzes students' ability to analyze the average question is 39.70% who are in the poor category. With the average percentage of all cognitive domains, namely 45.71%, students' mathematics learning outcomes through online learning on the subject of flat-side space geometry is still in the low category, and learning using Facebook Messenger has not provided maximum results.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR RETURN ON ASSETS WITH A MULTIPLE LINIER REGRESSION APPROACH
Authors: Dukalang Hendra H
Published: April 2021

This study aims to model the factors that affect the financial performance of Bank Muammalat, including Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Earning Asset Quality (KAP), Operational Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO), and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) to Return on Assets. (ROA) This research uses secondary data taken based on time series. The analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression using SPSS software version 20 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010. The results of this study indicate that partially the CAR and KAP partially do not have a significant effect on Return On. Assets, while Operational Expenses to BOPO and FDR partially have a significant effect on Return on Assets. Simultaneously, these four variables have a significant effect on Return on Assets at PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Based on the results of the Determination Coefficient test, the value of Adjusted R Square (R2) is 99.00%, this means that the amount of Return on Assets can be influenced and explained by the variables CAR, KAP, BOPO, and FDR, while the remaining 1% is explained by variables not examined in this study.
Efecto del análogo de L-carnitina, la b-hidroxifosfocarnitina sobre el metabolismo de Nocardia brasiliensis
Authors: Martínez-Robles Sandra , Jaramillo-Loranca Blanca , González-Ballesteros Erik , Reyes-Esparza Jorge , Vargas-Hernández Genaro
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To determine whether β-HFC, in addition to its immunomodulatory effect as a therapeutic alternative in the combat of the mycetoma has an effect on the biochemical activity of N. brasiliensis. Methodology: determination of bacterial growth using N. brasilensis in the presence of β-HFC and biochemical analysis of its metabolism. Contribution: The immunomodulatory function of β-HFC in the treatment of chronic infections has recently been studied but it is not known whether it also has any antimicrobial effect, so in this paper the direct effect of β-HFC in N. brasiliensis will be elucidated in part.
Business strategies: Advantages of outsourcing in companies
Authors: Juarez Sandra , Tosca Carlos , Jimenez Francisco
Published: April 2021

The objective of the research is to know the advantages and disadvantages of the use of outsourcing in companies in the Centro, Tabasco. The research is of inductive type with qualitative approach and a phenomenological design, the analysis units were 20 companies that have used this administrative tool, which the owners, managers or personnel in charge of contracting the services, tell their experiences about outsourcing. The results obtained that the business benefits are the use of outsourcing are the decrease of the workload and the assignment of highly trained personnel, also as a conclusion they mention that the hiring of outsourcing is through recommendations of other entrepreneurs, which include positive comments, quality of service, professionalism among others, in addition to the fact that workers who are hired under this modality are committed, with a high degree of responsibility in the development of their activities. It is concluded that the benefits granted by outsourcing are competitive advantages that serve to face market trends, which create benefits for workers and entrepreneurs.
Analyzing sales to generate strategies with IBM Cognos Analytics
Authors: Castorena-Peña Jesús Abraham , Silva-Avila Alicia Elena , Domínguez-Lugo Alma Jovita , Martínez-Castro Jehú Efraín
Published: April 2021

In recent years, with the advent of the internet of things (IOT), computers and information technology (IT), small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been immersed in a cluster of information difficult to analyze in a conventional way which provides value that can ensure its permanence and survival in the market. Therefore, it is important to make use of data mining technology tools and statistical techniques that help analyze and better understand the information generated by sales processes, through a thorough analysis of the data. For this research, the IBM Cognos Analytic tool was used, which provides a predictive data visualization and analysis service that can be used to determine patterns, relationships, associations and meaning of a large set of data quickly and in a timely manner. Likewise, statistical techniques such as correlation and simple linear regression were used to establish the behavior of the company's product demand in the marketing, manufacturing and importation of the cleaning product sector.
Quality of service in the Heineken supply chain, México: an empirical investigation in the west of Mexico
Authors: PÉREZ-CRUZ Omar Alejandro , AMEZCUA-VIVAS José de Jesús , MEJÍAS-BRITO Johann , TEJEDA-CASTREJÓN Jesús Francisco
Published: April 2021

The general objective of this work is to analyze the quality factors of the supply chain service in the western regional direction of the company Cervezas Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma - Heineken México. The analysis was framed in a model proposed by Gohain, Thambiah and Hong (2018) which measures six dimensions of service quality: the object, the process, the infrastructure, the interaction, the environment and social responsibility. A survey was applied as an instrument to collect the responses of active providers in the western region of Mexico. The results were estimated by using STATA 14 to evaluate the relationship between the proposed factors. The results highlight that the quality of the supply chain is influenced by the quality criteria of the product, the process and the interaction. In this way, this research contributes with relevant information that allows them to make quick and practical decisions to use those responsible for the company's supply chain, as well as other economic sectors.