bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coal falling trajectory and strength analysis of drum of shearer based on a bidirectional coupling method
Authors: Zhang Meichen , Zhao Lijuan , Shi Baisheng
Published: April 2024

The cutting and crushing of coal and rock containing gangue is the result of the coupling effect of multiple factors. The geometric parameters of the working mechanism, the kinematic parameters of the shearer, and the physical and mechanical properties of the coal and rock to be cut all affect the cutting and crushing process of the shearer. To study the coal falling trajectory of cutting coal and rock using a spiral drum, optimal cutting parameters were obtained, efficient cutting using a spiral drum was achieved, and analysis of the coal falling trajectory and strength of the drum of a shearer based on bidirectional coupling technology was proposed based on particle discrete element contact theory and virtual prototype technology. The discrete element method multi-flexible body dynamics two-way coupling method was used to obtain cutting and interactive information about the spiral drum for a complex coal seam with gangue. The cutting conditions of the spiral drum under different cutting depths, rotational speeds, and traction speeds were determined. The movement status of coal and rock particles was monitored under different working conditions. Coal falling trajectory equations for the coal and rock particles were compiled under different working conditions, and the coal falling trajectory curve was drawn. The optimal coal loading rate was used as the measurement standard for the coal falling trajectory, and the optimal coal falling trajectory of the drum was obtained through full factor experiments. The load of the drum and pick was extracted, their stress and deformation were analyzed, and fatigue life analysis was performed on the pick with the highest stress. The results indicate that the maximum deformation occurs on the cutting teeth that are cutting hard gangue. The stress of the tooth seat is mainly concentrated at the root of the tooth seat, and its maximum equivalent stress is less than the yield limit value of the selected material. Therefore, the material selection and structural design of the drum are safe and reliable. By building a coal mining machine cutting coal and rock experimental platform and monitoring the working status of the designed spiral drum, it meets the usage requirements. Based on industrial experiments conducted underground, the measured average coal loading rate of the shearer drum was 46.31%, achieving stable operation and verifying that the designed drum of the shearer has an efficient cutting ability.
A novel rabbit model of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque established by cryofluid-induced endothelial injury
Authors: Lu Huaizhi , Xu Yiran , Zhao Hui , Xu Xuesheng
Published: April 2024

Acute thrombosis secondary to atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the main cause of acute cardiac and cerebral ischemia. An animal model of unstable atherosclerotic plaques is highly important for investigating the mechanism of plaque rupture and thrombosis. However, current animal models involve complex operations, are costly, and have plaque morphologies that are different from those of humans. We aimed to establish a simple animal model of vulnerable plaques similar to those of humans. Rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was given a normal formula diet for 13 weeks. Group C underwent surgery on the intima of the right carotid artery with – 80 °C cryofluid-induced injury after 1 week of a high-fat diet and further feeding a 12-week high-fat diet. Group B underwent the same procedure as Group C but without the – 80 °C cryofluid. Serum lipid levels were detected via ELISA. The plaque morphology, stability and degree of stenosis were evaluated through hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, Masson trichrome staining, Elastica van Gieson staining (EVG), and oil red O staining. Macrophages and inflammatory factors in the plaques were assessed via immunohistochemical analysis. The serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels in groups B and C were significantly greater than those in group A. No plaque formation was observed in group A. The plaques in group B were very small. In group C, obvious plaques were observed in the blood vessels, and the plaques exhibited a thin fibrous cap, a large lipid core, and partially visible neovascularization, which is consistent with the characteristics of vulnerable plaques. In the plaques of group C, a large number of macrophages were present, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) were abundantly expressed. We successfully established a rabbit model of vulnerable carotid plaque similar to that of humans through the combination of cryofluid-induced endothelial injury and a high-fat diet, which is feasible and cost effective.
Overcoming limitations in current measures of drug response may enable AI-driven precision oncology
Authors: Ovchinnikova Katja , Born Jannis , Chouvardas Panagiotis , Rapsomaniki Marianna , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna
Published: April 2024

Machine learning (ML) models of drug sensitivity prediction are becoming increasingly popular in precision oncology. Here, we identify a fundamental limitation in standard measures of drug sensitivity that hinders the development of personalized prediction models – they focus on absolute effects but do not capture relative differences between cancer subtypes. Our work suggests that using z-scored drug response measures mitigates these limitations and leads to meaningful predictions, opening the door for sophisticated ML precision oncology models.
Multimodal joint deconvolution and integrative signature selection in proteomics
Authors: Pan Yue , Wang Xusheng , Sun Jiao , Liu Chunyu , Peng Junmin , Li Qian
Published: April 2024

Deconvolution is an efficient approach for detecting cell-type-specific (cs) transcriptomic signals without cellular segmentation. However, this type of methods may require a reference profile from the same molecular source and tissue type. Here, we present a method to dissect bulk proteome by leveraging tissue-matched transcriptome and proteome without using a proteomics reference panel. Our method also selects the proteins contributing to the cellular heterogeneity shared between bulk transcriptome and proteome. The deconvoluted result enables downstream analyses such as cs-protein Quantitative Trait Loci (cspQTL) mapping. We benchmarked the performance of this multimodal deconvolution approach through CITE-seq pseudo bulk data, a simulation study, and the bulk multi-omics data from human brain normal tissues and breast cancer tumors, individually, showing robust and accurate cell abundance quantification across different datasets. This algorithm is implemented in a tool MICSQTL that also provides cspQTL and multi-omics integrative visualization, available at https://bioconductor.org/packages/MICSQTL.
Dopamine improves defective cortical and muscular connectivity during bilateral control of gait in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Santos Paulo Cezar Rocha dos , Heimler Benedetta , Koren Or , Flash Tamar , Plotnik Meir
Published: April 2024

Parkinson’s Disease (PD)-typical declines in gait coordination are possibly explained by weakness in bilateral cortical and muscular connectivity. Here, we seek to determine whether this weakness and consequent decline in gait coordination is affected by dopamine levels. To this end, we compare cortico-cortical, cortico-muscular, and intermuscular connectivity and gait outcomes between body sides in people with PD under ON and OFF medication states, and in older adults. In our study, participants walked back and forth along a 12 m corridor. Gait events (heel strikes and toe-offs) and electrical cortical and muscular activities were measured and used to compute cortico-cortical, cortico-muscular, and intermuscular connectivity (i.e., coherences in the alpha, beta, and gamma bands), as well as features characterizing gait performance (e.g., the step-timing coordination, length, and speed). We observe that people with PD, mainly during the OFF medication, walk with reduced step-timing coordination. Additionally, our results suggest that dopamine intake in PD increases the overall cortico-muscular connectivity during the stance and swing phases of gait. We thus conclude that dopamine corrects defective feedback caused by impaired sensory-information processing and sensory-motor integration, thus increasing cortico-muscular coherences in the alpha bands and improving gait.
Projected changes in compound hot-dry events depend on the dry indicator considered
Authors: Hosseinzadehtalaei Parisa , Termonia Piet , Tabari Hossein
Published: April 2024

The intensification of compound hot-dry events due to climate change is a pressing concern, underscoring the need for precise analysis. However, the impact of different dry indicators on projections of these events has not been quantitatively evaluated, nor has its importance been compared with other sources of uncertainty. Here we examine the sensitivity of projected changes in compound hot-dry events to different dry indicators. We use data from 22 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models to characterize global dry conditions based on precipitation, runoff, soil moisture, and a multivariate index combining these variables through trivariate copulas. Our findings reveal large differences in projected changes in the likelihood of compound hot-dry events across different dry indicators. While model uncertainty remains the primary source of uncertainty for compound hot-dry event projections, the uncertainty associated with dry indicators is also substantial, surpassing scenario uncertainty in specific regions.
ORP9-PH domain-based fluorescent reporters for visualizing phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate dynamics in living cells
Authors: Ajiki Moeka , Yoshikawa Masaru , Miyazaki Tomoki , Kawasaki Asami , Aoki Kazuhiro , Nakatsu Fubito , Tsukiji Shinya
Published: April 2024

New fluorescent reporters based on the ORP9 PH domain visualize phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) dynamics at multiple cellular locations with high specificity and contrast in live-cell imaging.
Reinvestigation of the internal glycan rearrangement of Lewis a and blood group type H1 epitopes
Authors: Kontodimas Vasilis , Yaman Murat , Greis Kim , Lettow Maike , Pagel Kevin , Marianski Mateusz
Published: April 2024

Protonated ions of fucose-containing oligosaccharides needs a mobile proton to undergo internal glycan rearrangement. Immobilizing a proton in a strong hydrogen bond inhibits the rearrangement.
Investigation on the structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and magnetotransport behaviour of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 manganites synthesised by different routes
Authors: Uthaman Bhagya , Akshay V. R. , Varma Manoj Raama
Published: April 2024

In the present investigation, we present the comparison in structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and magnetoresistance behavior of solid state and sol–gel derived La0.7Sr0.3MnO3.
Tri-state logic computation by activating DNA origami chains
Authors: Wang Kun , Huang Qiuyan , Elshaer Mohammed Ragab , Knorr Brian , Chaikin Paul , Zhu Guolong
Published: April 2024

A rod-like DNA origami circuit platform, featuring sticky ends near each semi-flexible hinge can operate two-state and tri-state logic gate by using configuration change as output signals.
Materials discovery with extreme properties via reinforcement learning-guided combinatorial chemistry
Authors: Kim Hyunseung , Choi Haeyeon , Kang Dongju , Lee Won Bo , Na Jonggeol
Published: April 2024

A reinforcement-learned policy that sequentially selects suitable molecular fragments to design molecules that meet targeted properties was proposed. The proposed methodology can discover materials with properties beyond the known property range.
Lipid nanoparticles as the drug carrier for targeted therapy of hepatic disorders
Authors: Chu Runxuan , Wang Yi , Kong Jianglong , Pan Ting , Yang Yani , He Jun
Published: April 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the structure, composition, and applications of LNPs in the treatment of hepatic disorders and offers insights into prospects and challenges in the future development of LNPs.
Recent progress of UCNPs–MoS2 nanocomposites as a platform for biological applications
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Yiru , Zhong Huimei , Xiong Lihao , Song Jiayi , Zhang Xinyu , He Ting , Zhou Xiayu , Li Le , Zhen Deshuai
Published: April 2024

Research progress of the UCNPs–MoS2 nanoplatform in biological applications such as biosensing, phototherapy, bioimaging, and targeted drug delivery.
Nitrodopamine modified MnO2 NS-MoS2QDs hybrid nanocomposite for the extracellular and intracellular detection of glutathione
Authors: Sivakumar Gomathi , Gupta Ajay , Babu Anashwara , Sasmal Pijus K. , Maji Samarendra
Published: April 2024

We have developed a highly sensitive and reliable FRET probe using nitro-dopamine (ND) and dopamine (DA) coated MnO2 nanosheet (ND@MnO2 NS and DA@MnO2 NS) as an energy acceptor and MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) as an energy donor.
Quercetin@UiO-66 NPs and chloroquine in combined tumor therapy by dual autophagy-ubiquitination system blockade
Authors: Chen Yinzhu , Yan Feiyi , Yang Yue , Zhang Lipeng , Teng Xuepeng , Wang Shuaiyu , Liu Tianlong
Published: April 2024

In this study, we propose a novel therapy system composed of UiO-66 nanoparticles, which contain quercetin combined with chloroquine (UQCNP), to achieve dual autophagy-ubiquitination blockade.
Mechanoresponsive luminescence triggered by phase transition of a supercooled copper(i) complex
Authors: Delafoulhouze Jérémy , Cordier Marie , Mevellec Jean-Yves , Massuyeau Florian , Hernandez Olivier , Latouche Camille , Perruchas Sandrine
Published: April 2024

A copper(i) complex forming a supercooled liquid state exhibits a dramatic change in emission color and intensity, from pale red to bright green, upon mechanical stimulation.
CO adsorption on pure, defective and mixed composition AlF3 and MgF2 surfaces
Authors: Impellizzeri A. , Dieu J. , Rousseau J. , Brunet S. , Ewels C. P.
Published: April 2024

We identify stable AlF3 and MgF2 (and mixed) phases for catalysis, using experimental infra-red spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
Variable-valence element doping mediated photogenerated electron trapping for selective oxidation reactions
Authors: Zhong Xia , Zhao Yan , Li Lei , He Xin , Wang Hui , Zhang Xiaodong , Xie Yi
Published: April 2024

Variable-valence element Cu was introduced into bismuth tungstate as electron-trapping sites to facilitate photogenerated hole accumulation for high-efficiency selective oxidative coupling of benzylamines.
Chip-integrated non-mechanical microfluidic pump driven by electrowetting on dielectrics
Authors: Bohm Sebastian , Phi Hai Binh , Dittrich Lars , Runge Erich
Published: April 2024

A robust chip-integrated EWOD-driven micropump is presented that generates microscopically usable continuous flow rates and pressures without any moving parts.
A self-assembled Ru nanozyme with H2O2-activated oxygenation for NIR-II photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal/photodynamic therapy
Authors: Liu Guang , Li Zhilang , Lv Zirong , Zheng Qiuping , Gao Cunji , Tian Jianniao , Shen Xing-Can
Published: April 2024

An oxygen nanogenerator, comprising Ru-based nanomaterials, CS–DA@Ru nanoparticles (NPs), has been constructed to relieve tumor hypoxia for enhancing photodynamic/photothermal therapy.
Solution-processed colloidal quantum dots for internet of things
Authors: Othman Diyar Mousa , Weinstein Julia , Huang Nathaniel , Ming Wenlong , Lyu Quan , Hou Bo
Published: April 2024

The fundmental physics of colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and CQD-based optoelectronics and photonics development are reviewed, with particular focus on their internet of things (IoTs) integrations.
Multi-functional integrated design of a copper foam-based cathode for high-performance lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Lan Jing , Yu Yuran , Miao Fujun , Zhang Peng , Shao Guosheng
Published: April 2024

The new-type integrated cathode is developed by in situ growth of uniform fur of electrically conductive nanowire arrays decorated with ultrafine nano metal crystals as active redox catalysts, over the substrate of Cu foam (CuFo).
Microwave-assisted synthesis of highly sulfated mannuronate glycans as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhu Yirong , Wang Xiaotong , Lu Siqian , Zheng Jibin , Liang Youling , Zhang Liangliang , Fang Pengfei , Xu Peng , Yu Biao , Yang You
Published: April 2024

Sulfated mannuronate glycans with up to 17 sulfation sites were synthesized using a microwave-assisted approach and evaluated as inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2.
Creep resistance in doubly crosslinked dynamic covalent networks
Authors: Mondal Swagata , Wong Alexander J. , Wagh Mahendra A. , Alperstein Lily , Sanjayan Gangadhar J. , Sumerlin Brent S.
Published: April 2024

This work demonstrates that incorporating Janus-faced supramolecular moieties in vinylogous urethane vitrimers improved dimensional stability while conserving the hallmark vitrimer property of reprocessability.
A series of four-substituted polyoxometalate-thiacalix[4]arene-based materials for the efficient photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi)
Authors: Zhang Jia-Yi , Song Yuting , Yang Jin , Pei Wen-Yuan , Ma Jian-Fang
Published: April 2024

Three isostructural polyoxometalate-thiacalix[4]arene-based materials were employed as efficient photocatalysts for the reduction of Cr(vi).
A bimetallic CoZn metal–organic-framework derived CoZnS@NSC Co-catalyst loaded on g-C3N4 for significantly augmented photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Lu Xiao-Jie , Ullah Ikram , Li Jing-Han , Chen Shuai , Yuan Cheng-Zong , Xu An-Wu
Published: April 2024

CoZnS@NSC nanoparticles derived from a CoZn-MOF were synthesized by an annealing–sulfurization strategy and used as co-catalysts for g-C3N4, which effectively augmented the photocatalytic H2 production.
Synthesis and anion recognition characteristics of a trapezoidal benzene cage
Authors: Mao Caihong , Wu Ruiye , Chen Nana , Zheng Hanliang , Cai Yan , Kong Lichun , Hu Xiaobo
Published: April 2024

A novel trapezoidal cage was exclusively prepared and exhibits high binding affinity for anions with tetrahedral geometry and alkaline features.
Rapid and quantitative detection of DNA hybridization using a simplified Fabry–Perot interferometric biosensor
Authors: Shi Xin , Ma Yanhong , Liao Yipeng , Ho Hoi Lut
Published: April 2024

The simple-structured Fabry–Perot interferometric biosensor is capable of rapid and quantitative detection of DNA hybridization.
Optimizing CO2 methanation: effect of surface basicity and active phase reducibility on Ni-based catalysts
Authors: Kaydouh Marie-Nour , El Hassan Nissrine , Osman Ahmed I. , Ahmed Hamid , Alarifi Naif , Fakeeha Anis H. , Bin Jumah Abdulrahman , Al-Fatesh Ahmed S.
Published: April 2024

CO2 methanation presents an intriguing avenue for utilizing carbon dioxide and generating methane as synthetic natural gas. Both reducibility and basicity of catalysts play a major role in catalytic performances improvement.
Visualizing partial solvation at the air–water interface
Authors: Judd Kenneth D. , Parsons Sean W. , Eremin Dmitry B. , Fokin Valery V. , Dawlaty Jahan M.
Published: April 2024

To understand the solvation environment at the air–water interface, we use an azide vibrational reporter. The probe is sensitive to hydrogen bonding and electrostatics of the interface.
De-epimerizing DyKAT of β-lactones generated by isothiourea-catalysed enantioselective [2 + 2] cycloaddition
Authors: Conboy Aífe , Goodfellow Alister S. , Kasten Kevin , Dunne Joanne , Cordes David B. , Bühl Michael , Smith Andrew D.
Published: April 2024

A dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation that couples epimerisation with a hydrogen bond-assisted nucleophilic addition and stereodetermining ring-opening is investigated.
A single hydrogen bond that tunes flavin redox reactivity and activates it for modification
Authors: Das Debarati , Miller Anne-Frances
Published: April 2024

A hydrogen bond from a conserved histidine tunes flavin reactivity in favour of a catalytically critical anionic semiquinone state (front). However it also favours an electronically similar anionic methide intermediate (back) leading to flavin modification.
Bioinspired aerogels: ingenious structure, remarkable performance, and versatile applications
Authors: Sun Hao , Yang Bin , Ji Dexian , Ma Cong , Pang Ruixue , Yuan Baolong , Liu Jiawei , Zhang Hui , Zhang Meiyun
Published: April 2024

Bioinspired aerogel materials obtained by precisely imitating biological structures demonstrate extraordinary performance.
Morphology- and defect-coordinated prominent microwave absorption, thermal exhaustion, and electrical insulation in SnO2@SnP2O7@Sn2P2O7 hierarchical architectures
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Xie Siyu , Cai Shiyang , Fu Kang , Liu Xiangyang , Lin Lingling , Yu Zhenjie , Tong Guoxiu , Wu Wenhua
Published: April 2024

A series of SnO2@SnP2O7@Sn2P2O7 hierarchical architectures synthesized via a facile hydrothermal–annealing route exhibit morphology- and defect-co-dominated microwave absorption, thermal exhaustion, and electrical insulation.
A conjugated microporous polymer–graphene composite porous sandwich-like film for highly efficient flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Teng Likuan , Duan Ju , Liu He , Zhang Xinzeyu , Li Jiaqiang , Li Yitao , Hong Jianhao , Lyu Wei , Liao Yaozu
Published: April 2024

A conjugated microporous polymer–graphene composite porous sandwich-like film has been developed for flexible supercapacitors with highly efficient electrochemical performance.
Thermoregulatory elasticity braided fibers designed with core–sheath structure for wearable personal thermal management
Authors: Wang Chengcheng , Wang Jingwen , Zhang Liping , Fu Shaohai
Published: April 2024

The thermoregulatory elasticity fiber was designed and fabricated using coaxial wet spinning, which combines solar-thermal and phase-change energy. This exploration presents a strategy to develop smart fabrics for personal thermal management.
Revealing the correlation relation between conducting channels in self-assembled monolayer tunnel junctions
Authors: Zhu Shu , Li Xiang , Xu Wenrui , Guo Qianqian , Du Wei , Wang Tao
Published: April 2024

With tunnelling induced light emission, correlation relations among multiple conducting channels in molecular monolayer tunnel junctions are revealed, which relates to the dynamic changes of interface contact or molecular conformation.
Construction of nanorod-shaped TiO2/Cu3N p–n heterojunction for efficient visible-light hydrogen evolution
Authors: Cheng Zhengwang , Gan Neng , Yuan Gang , Wang Aobo , Liu Jiyan , Lv Hui , Han Changcun , Wang Mei , Luoshan Mengdai , Ma Xinguo , Zou Wei
Published: April 2024

p-Type Cu3N was deposited onto n-type TiO2 nanorod arrays to form p–n heterojunction and achieve an efficient visible-light hydrogen evolution.
Iterative synthesis method for high‐directivity symmetrical stepped‐impedance microstrip parallel‐line coupler
Authors: Liu Yun , Zhang Xiaojie , Li Zhuo
Published: April 2024

Traditional quarter‐wavelength parallel‐line couplers (QWPLC) in microstrip form suffer heavily in low directivity because of unbalanced even‐mode and odd‐mode phase velocities. Related schemes to improve directivity lead to complex structures and large dimensions. This study derives and validates an iterative synthesis method to design a high‐directivity microstrip coupler adopting a symmetric stepped‐impedance microstrip coupled line (SSIMCL). Given that the even‐mode and odd‐mode effective dielectric constants (EDCs) vary with the characteristic impedances, the authors take the EDCs of traditional QWPLC as the initial values for an SSIMCL, and the characteristic impedances and EDCs can be computed and converged in several iterations, resulting in good phase delay balance and high coupler directivity. A 20‐dB microstrip coupler working at 1 GHz with high directivity is designed, fabricated, and measured. The obtained maximum directivity is 47 dB and approximately 1 GHz, while the relative bandwidth with a directivity higher than 20 dB and a return loss better than 20 dB is larger than 70%. The novel microstrip coupler also features a compact, simple structure shorter than λg/4.
Robust two‐level market coordinated transaction optimal model and benefit allocation strategy for a novel shared‐energy aggregator
Authors: Wang Zhuning , Yang Shengbo , Xue Fan , Tan Zhongfu , Liu Wenxia , Ju Liwei
Published: April 2024

Shared‐energy storage (SES) can break the energy interaction barrier between the demand side and the supply side, which is becoming an option for improving the flexibility of energy systems. This study designed a novel structure for the shared‐energy aggregator (SEA), incorporating a microgrid (MG), prosumer and SES. Then, a two‐level market transaction optimization model for SEA, considering the robust stochastic optimization method, is proposed; namely, at the day‐ahead stage, a robust stochastic operation optimization model is constructed to achieve the dispatching plan from the demand side under the objective of achieving the minimum energy consumption cost for the prosumer, and at the real‐time market stage, a robust stochastic operation optimization model from the supply side is constructed to arrange the optimal dispatching strategy under the objective of the maximum aggregator benefits of MG and SES. Finally, an industrial park micro‐grid in Qinghai Province, China, is selected as an example for analysis.
Spatial distributions of PN and PO in the shock region L1157-B1
Authors: Lefloch B. , Codella C. , Montargès M. , Vastel C. , Podio L. , Viti S. , Jimenez-Serra I. , Ceccarelli C.
Published: April 2024

Phosphorus plays an essential role in prebiotic chemistry. The origin of P-bearing molecules in the protostellar gas remains highly uncertain. Only PO and PN have been detected towards low-mass star-forming regions and their emission is mainly associated with outflow shocks. In order to make progress in the characterisation of P-chemistry, we present NOEMA observations of PO and PN at 3″−4″ resolution towards the outflow shock region L1157-B1. Our resolved observations confirm the association of both P species with the apex of the bow shock. High-velocity emission is detected in the compact region where the jet impacts the shock. Analysis of the spatial distributions of PO and PN indicates that these molecules are not sputtered from the icy mantles of dust grains; they are the gas-phase products of a P-mother species released in the shock. PO appears to form first in the gas phase, followed by PN, which remains longer in the shock, when PO is no longer detected. Variations of the PO/PN abundance ratio in the range 1–5 are detected over the apex and confirm the short time variability of P-chemistry, which typically lasts a few hundred years. These results are consistent with the previous modelling of P-chemistry in L1157-B1. Complementary observations of N-bearing species at high angular resolution are needed to better understand the formation pathways of PO and PN.
Sustained super-Eddington accretion in high-redshift quasars
Authors: Lupi Alessandro , Quadri Giada , Volonteri Marta , Colpi Monica , Regan John A.
Published: April 2024

Observations of z ≳ 6 quasars provide information on the early evolution of the most massive black holes (MBHs) and galaxies. Current observations, able to trace both gas and stellar properties, reveal a population of MBHs that is significantly more massive than expected from the local MBH-stellar mass relation. The population lies on, but mostly above, the relation observed in the nearby Universe. This suggests that these objects grew very rapidly. To explain their presence when the Universe was less than 1 Gyr old and to assess the physical conditions for their rapid growth, we explored whether episodes of accretion above the Eddington limit can occur across cosmic epochs. By employing state-of-the-art high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations of a z ∼ 7 quasar, where different accretion regimes are included consistently, together with their associated radiative and kinetic feedback, we show that super-Eddington phases can be sustained for relatively long timescales (tens of millions of years). This allows the MBH to rapidly grow by up to three orders of magnitude, depending on the strength of the kinetic feedback. We also show by means of a semianalytic calculation that the MBH spin remains moderate and does not take on extremely high values during the super-Eddington phases. This results in a lower feedback efficiency, which may allow the rapid growth required to explain over-massive high-redshift MBHs.
Simulating the LOcal Web (SLOW)
Authors: Hernández-Martínez Elena , Dolag Klaus , Seidel Benjamin , Sorce Jenny G. , Aghanim Nabila , Pilipenko Sergey , Gottlöber Stefan , Lebeau Théo , Valentini Milena
Published: April 2024

Context. This is the second paper in a series presenting the results from a 500 h−1Mpc large constrained simulation of the local Universe (SLOW). The initial conditions for this cosmological hydro-dynamical simulation are based on peculiar velocities derived from the CosmicFlows-2 catalog. The simulation follows cooling, star formation, and the evolution of super-massive black holes. This allows one to directly predict observable properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) within galaxy clusters, including X-ray luminosity, temperatures, and the Compton-y signal.

Aims. Comparing the properties of observed galaxy clusters within the local Universe with the properties of their simulated counterparts enables us to assess the effectiveness of the initial condition constraints in accurately replicating the mildly nonlinear properties of the largest, collapsed objects within the simulation.

Methods. Based on the combination of several, publicly available surveys we compiled a sample of galaxy clusters within the local Universe, of which we were able to cross-identify 46 of them with an associated counterpart within the SLOW simulation. We then derived the probability of the cross identification based on mass, X-ray luminosity, temperature, and Compton-y by comparing it to a random selection.

Results. Our set of 46 cross-identified local Universe clusters contains the 13 most massive clusters from the Planck SZ catalog as well as 70% of clusters with M500 larger than 2 × 1014 M⊙. Compared to previous constrained simulations of the local volume, we found in SLOW a much larger amount of replicated galaxy clusters, where their simulation-based mass prediction falls within the uncertainties of the observational mass estimates. Comparing the median observed and simulated masses of our cross-identified sample allows us to independently deduce a hydrostatic mass bias of (1 − b)≈0.87.

Conclusions. The SLOW constrained simulation of the local Universe faithfully reproduces numerous fundamental characteristics of a sizable number of galaxy clusters within our local neighborhood, opening a new avenue for studying the formation and evolution of a large set of individual galaxy clusters as well as testing our understanding of physical processes governing the ICM.
Exploring community preference for urban forest ecotourism in Palangka Raya: The role of ecosystem service awareness for sustainable city
Authors: Sofyan Jovan , Sudyana I Nyoman , Berkat  , Santoso Mahdi , Patrisia Yulin
Published: April 2024

This research explores community support for ecotourism programs in Himba Kahui Urban Forest, Palangka Raya, Indonesia. The urban forest, which offers numerous environmental services, is a vital component in the realization of a sustainable city. The community’s role dictates the urban forest’s function, including ecotourism. This study utilizes binary logit regression to measure community preference for the Urban Forest Ecotourism (UFE) program. Results showed significant positive impacts from Provisioning Services and Regulating Services, while Cultural Services had substantial negative impacts. The implication is that policymakers must consider community preferences for ecotourism programs, especially in urban forest management. This study contributes to understanding community awareness of ecosystem services and its implications on the sustainability of UFE management.
The Pathway Towards Supporting the Implementation of the New Indonesian Law on Carbon Capture and Storage in Indonesian Universities
Authors: Sidiyanto Yogi Andrian , Windiatmaja Jauzak Hussaini , Sari Riri Fitri
Published: April 2024

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology emerges as a promising solution to combat CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power generation, playing a vital role in the global efforts to mitigate climate change. However, despite its potential benefits, the widespread adoption of CCS faces challenges across technical, economic, and regulatory domains. In Indonesia, a nation heavily dependent on fossil fuels, CCS presents a significant opportunity to reduce emissions while sustaining economic growth. Therefore, this paper explores Indonesia’s strategic approach to CCS initiatives, examining the regulatory framework and the current landscape of CCS projects within the country. The study discusses the contributions of Indonesian universities towards advancing CCS technology through collaborative research, partnerships, and innovative initiatives. By assessing the role of universities in addressing environmental challenges and fostering a greener future, this paper highlights the pivotal importance of universities in driving sustainable solutions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving climate objectives. The finding concludes that Indonesian universities significantly contribute to the development and implementation of CCS through collaborative efforts and partnerships, facilitating a path towards sustainability.
The effect of modulation and pathloss coefficient on Estx optimum and ESB minimum wireless sensor networks
Authors: Rohman Miftahur , Baskoro Farid
Published: April 2024

Hardware devices in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have several limitations, one of which is in terms of energy. Energy is needed so that activities running on the WSN keep running. WSN consists of many sensor nodes. Each sensor node has limited energy. In this study, the energy efficiency and bandwidth of the WSN were carried out using the Nelder Mead Simplex method, which uses the principle of differentiation of derivatives to simple forms. Nelder Mead Simplex has been widely used to manage energy efficiency in WSNs. The energy efficiency of this WSN is enhanced by the addition of the PSM-PC hybrid technique. The fuzzy algorithm is flexible in its use. Besides that, fuzzy logic can also save bandwidth by adjusting the waiting time in doing one data transmission from the sensor node to the cluster head. The analysis carried out aims to compare the optimization of energy savings in WSN with the Nelder Mead Simplex method. The research results we get are by using 2-QAM modulation with an Energy Bit used of 4.106×10-6J and an Energy transmitter of 7.1316×10-8J with the same parameter conditions, namely a distance of 125m, a path loss coefficient of 2, the number of bits 100 bits are used.
Utilizing website for analytical and inorganic Chemistry laboratory services
Authors: Noevita Vera Dessy , Savana Raisza Tarida , Syahrani Moniqsa Purbo , Prayudi Fino Ardiansyah
Published: April 2024

Improving the quality of laboratory services in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, one of which is by utilizing information and communication technology or in this study it is called digitization. Digitization is the process of converting information available on paper to a digital format, digitization can be in the form of a website. Utilization of this website will make it easier for students to access the information needed quickly and easily. So far, inventories in analytical and inorganic chemistry laboratories have only been carried out by entering data in a book, and only some of the data has been entered into a simple Excel so it is too complicated and the risk of losing files is very large. Therefore, the use of a centralized website system needs to be done. This study intends to identify the stages involved in creating a website dedicated to the Laboratory of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry within the Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Additionally, it aims to assess user reactions to the website. The research methodology employed is the 4D approach, encompassing the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate phases. The initiation of the website design process entails the incorporation of various features to enhance its visual appeal. These elements are then used as a basis for coding both the website’s menu and content.
The ability of bacteria from legume plant roots grown on former coal mining soil to produce Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA)
Authors: Rahayu Yuni Sri , Yuliani  , Asri Mahanani Tri
Published: April 2024

In general, coal mining is carried out openly using heavy equipment to take and move soil in the topsoil area until coal mining is possible to be conducted. As a consequence, the nutrient level is low because there is physical, chemical, and biological soil damage. Bioremediation is one of the alternatives to improve former coal mining land by utilizing soil microorganisms that have a role in soil plant hormone levels, such as auxin-produced root rhizosphere bacteria. This study aimed to isolate and characterize rhizosphere bacteria of legume plant roots grown on former coal mining soil, and to determine qualitatively and quantitatively its ability to produce IAA hormones. The characterizations include gram properties, colony morphology, arrangement of isolate, and cell shape. Then, the bacterial ability to produce IAA qualitatively and quantitatively respectively using the Salkowski method and spectrophotometry were tested. The results revealed that there were eleven isolates of legume plant root rhizosphere bacteria grown on the former coal mining soil that were able to produce IAA hormones with an average concentration of 15.949 ppm (2IA4); 10.762 ppm (4IIE3); 9.700 ppm (ID3); 9.422 ppm (3IB4); 7.970 ppm (2IA3); 7.847 ppm (6IIB3); 7.268 ppm (8IIIB4); 6.804 ppm (IIID5); 6.459 ppm (IE5); 5.379 ppm (7IIIB3); and 5.086 ppm (5IB3). Isolates of rhizosphere bacteria with the highest concentration have the potential to be chosen as a growth booster for legume plants grown on former coal mining soil to increase legume crop productivity.
Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) crude extract induces polyploidy in shallot root (Allium cepa war ascalonium (L))
Authors: Isnawati  , Muhaimin Fitriari Izzatunnisa , Fudhaili Ahmad
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of induction time and concentration of Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) crude extract on the effectiveness of polyploidy in shallot root (Allium cepa var ascalonium (L). Several parameters were observed, including the mitotic index of cells, the type of polyploidy, percentages of polyploidy cells, and the morphological changes in the polyploid shallot root (Allium cepa var ascalonium (L)) cell. Variations in the concentration of Elephantopus scaber extract were used namely 0% (control), 10%, 20%, and 30% in 100 ml of distilled water. The response variable was the percentages mitotic index formed. Control variables were the type of onion, the size of the onion, the extracted E. scaber variety, the extract volume, and the environmental conditions of the experiment. All parts of Tapak Liman as extracted using the water crude extraction method on all aspects of Tapak Liman. Red onion cell root preparations were squashed and dyed using hematoxylin dyes. The data obtained were mitotic index, % of polyploidy cell counts, polyploidy types, and morphological changes in the polyploid cell onion roots. Data are presented in tabular and graphical form and interpreted using quantitative descriptive and qualitative descriptive methods. From the research results, the best concentration to induce polyploidy in shallot root was 30% of Tapak Liman extract with a polyploid cell percentage of 58.65%. The best polyploid was 45 hours, with the percentage of polyploid-induced cells being 37.1%. The best combination of concentration and length of induction of crude extract of Tapak Liman was a concentration of 30% 45 hours induction time resulting in 87,35% polyploid cells.
Exploring global dynamics of sustainable environmental sciences in climate change mitigation for sustainable development
Authors: Hidaayatullaah Hasan Nuurul , Hariyono Eko , Hadiana Deni , Fujii Hiroki , Satriawan Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Sustainable Environmental Sciences (SES) and climate change have emerged as relatively new subjects in sustainability that have garnered increasing attention from academics in recent years. This study aims to delve deeper into the implications of SES in climate change mitigation to support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A systematic review method combined with bibliometric analysis was employed to comprehensively uncover the evolution of scientific studies. Data utilized encompassed publications from 2019 to 2023 sourced from three databases: Dimensions, Lens, and Scopus. Findings reveal a significant increase in research on SES over the past five years. The most prolific authors in SES research were identified as Horton, R.C. in the Dimensions database, Ciais, P. in the Lens database, and Meena, R.S. in the Scopus database. The United States and China emerged as the countries with the highest contributions to SES research. The most significant contributions from SES and Climate Change research to SDGs in the past five years were observed in SDG-13, SDG-7, and SDG-15 indicators. This study highlights the emerging domain of SES and its crucial involvement in mitigating climate change, emphasizing its essential role in advancing SDGs.
The comparison of Chat GPT, Perplexity AI, and Scopus database to capture Indonesian higher education quality in achieving SDGs 2030
Authors: Utami Putri Lintang , Suprapto Nadi , Hidaayatullaah Hasan N. , Cheng Tsung-Hui
Published: April 2024

Indonesia’s higher education sector significantly contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in the context of quality education. The research aims to (1) analyse the challenges of Indonesian higher education in achieving SDGs 2030 based on data and facts, (2) analyse Indonesian higher education’s challenges in achieving SDGs 2030 by making a plan or design, (3) analyse the impact of implementing the design in Indonesian higher education achieving SDGs 2030. Literature reviews using AI tools such as Chat GPT and Perplexity AI are rarely used, especially in discovering remedies to enhance the quality of education in higher education institutions in Indonesia. There has yet to be further research comparing AI tools and the Scopus database to find literature on specific SDG topics. Research shows several challenges in Indonesian higher education in achieving SDGs 2030, with the most discussed being access and equity, quality of education, universities programs, and infrastructure.
Elektrophysiologische Diagnostik bei Verdacht auf Amyotrophe
Lateralsklerose – Konsensus-Empfehlungen des deutschen
Motoneuron-Netzwerkes
Authors: Koch Jan Christoph , Petri Susanne , Wolf Joachim , Zeller Daniel
Published: April 2024

Bei klinischem Verdacht auf eine Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) spielen
elektrophysiologische Untersuchungen eine zentrale Rolle. Regelhaft kommen
Elektromyographie und Elektroneurographie, häufig auch motorisch evozierte
Potentiale zum Einsatz, um die Diagnose der ALS zu untermauern und sie
gleichzeitig gegenüber möglichen Differentialdiagnosen abzugrenzen. Im Rahmen
einer Umfrage innerhalb des deutschen Motoneuron-Netzwerkes wurden deutliche
Unterschiede der elektrophysiologischen Untersuchungsabläufe zwischen den
einzelnen Zentren sichtbar, aber auch ein großes Interesse an einer
Harmonisierung der Untersuchungsmethoden. Hier knüpfen die nachfolgenden
Empfehlungen an, die mit allen Zentren des MND-Net konsentiert wurden. Ziel ist
die klinische Implementierung und nachfolgende multizentrische Validierung der
Konsensus-Empfehlungen. Dabei werden hier allgemeine Handlungsempfehlungen für
die elektrophysiologische Basis-Routine-Diagnostik bei Verdacht auf ALS gemacht,
die mit einem Minimalprogramm an Untersuchungen eine ausreichend hohe
Sensitivität und Spezifität ermöglichen sollen.
Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis: Time for a Paradigm Shift
Authors: Oyelese Yinka , Schioppo Davia , O'Brien Barbara
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in genetics and imaging have ushered substantial breakthroughs in screening and diagnosis for chromosomal and structural abnormalities. Thus, it is imperative that health care providers caring for pregnant individuals should reexamine established practices in prenatal screening and diagnosis. In the past, screening for chromosomal abnormalities was based almost entirely on Down syndrome. Pregnant individuals aged > 35 years were considered at “high risk” or of “advanced maternal age” based on age alone; however, the advent of tests with high sensitivity for prenatal detection of chromosomal abnormalities should lead to abandoning that concept, at least from the perspective of chromosomal abnormalities. Given that first-trimester and second-trimester screenings will fail to detect between 5 and 20% of Down syndrome, in most situations, noninvasive testing with cell-free DNA should be the first-line screen for Down syndrome. The fact that over 99% of fetuses with Down syndrome will be detected prenatally with cell-free DNA gives other fetal chromosomal and structural abnormalities increasing prominence. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) permits prenatal detection of several clinically important chromosomal aberrations that cannot be detected by karyotype and may exist in structurally normal fetuses with low-risk cell-free DNA screening. As such, CMA should be more readily conducted when invasive testing is performed, regardless of the presence of a structural abnormality. Isolated sonographic “soft markers” have no clinical significance in patients who have normal cell-free DNA screening, can cause unwarranted anxiety and a negative impact on pregnancy, and perhaps it is time to stop discussing them. Detailed first-trimester ultrasound allows early detection of several severe fetal anomalies and, therefore, in settings with adequately trained personnel and resources, should be used more frequently. This opinion traces the evolution of prenatal screening and diagnosis and advocates for a paradigm shift that aligns with recent developments in prenatal screening and diagnostic capabilities.

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