bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical aspects of flight safety of military aircraft
Authors: Čestić Miroslav , Sokolović Vlada , Dodić Marjan
Published: October 2022

Introduction/purpose: The use of modern military aircraft requires an extraordinary effort of human and material potential to ensure the conditions for the execution of specific tasks. Complex technology, different spatial and temporal conditions of aircraft use impose the need to create organizational and technical conditions to assist the pilot during flight with the aim of safely and completely accomplishing the flight task. The aim of this paper is to identify possible problems in the organization of the flight safety system through the description of the influence of technical factors on flight safety and to find the best solutions for overcoming problems during the life cycle of the aircraft. Methods: In the research of the subject area, first of all, the analysis of the regulations regulating the field of flight safety was carried out, and then a description of the technical means and their impact on flight safety was carried out. Results: On the basis of the performed analysis, the activities to ensure the reliability of the aircraft during development and production were defined, and directions for improving flight safety were proposed through the amendments of regulations, organizational and technical as well as technological measures. Conclusion: The results of the analysis confirm the assumptions about the possible directions of development and improvement of flight safety of military aircraft through improvement and installation of technical systems (devices and equipment), both aviation and ground.
Component sizing and energy management for a series hybrid electric tracked vehicle
Authors: Milićević Stefan , Blagojević Ivan
Published: October 2022

Introduction/purpose: The paper presents a systematic approach to the development of a series hybrid electric tracked vehicle (HETV) including powertrain sizing and adequate energy management strategy (EMS) selection. Methods: Powertrain elements were sized considering key performance requirements. Three energy management strategies were proposed: Thermostat Control Strategy (TCS), Power Follower Control Strategy (PFCS), and Optimal Power Source Strategy (OPSS). The evaluation of the powertrain configuration and the three proposed EMSs was performed in the Simulink environment using a driving cycle containing significant acceleration, braking and steering. Results: The results showed that the OPSS proved to be the best due to increased fuel economy and a low battery state of charge (SOC) variation. Compared to the previous research of the same vehicle with a parallel hybrid configuration, significantly better results were achieved. The investigation of the results indicates that the proposed powertrain and control strategy offer 53.79% better fuel economy which indicates that the powertrain sizing was properly performed. Conclusions: The results of this work are of great importance for understanding the effect of proper powertrain sizing on fuel economy. Compared to the reference vehicle, the proposed configuration achieves significant improvement, most of which is attributed to adequate sizing. The OPSS proved to be the best strategy, thus confirming the theoretical hypothesis. The series hybrid configuration with the OPSS as the EMS proved to be a major candidate for use in HETVs.
Conceptualización y Práctica de la Comunicación Responsable Universitaria: la perspectiva de los DirCOM sobre su ejercicio
Authors: Hernández Flores Hilda Gabriela
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: La Comunicación Responsable (CR) se construye en la esencia asertiva y sostenida del proceso comunicativo, quienes interactúan -quien emite y quien recibe un mensaje- a su vez lo retroalimenta, así es corresponsable de la comunicación pública (CP) que comparte en cualquier escenario. La investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer la perspectiva de los Directores de Comunicación (DirCOMS) de Universidades respecto a la conceptualización de la CP y la CR, sus elementos y la práctica en su ámbito.Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo-descriptivo con técnica de entrevista semi-estructurada mismas que se realizaron el segundo semestre de 2020 y el primer semestre del 2021. Las categorías y códigos de análisis se definieron a priori mediante una sistematización deductiva aplicada al software Atlas.Ti (v.8).Resultados: Los expertos muestran concordancia respecto a la definición de la Comunicación Responsable y plantean la necesidad de contemplar sus rasgos como parte de la Comunicación Pública que ejercen en la dinámica universitaria. La mayoría exhorta a una gestión comunicativa cada vez más permeada por los elementos que propone la Comunicación Responsable, en todo lo que se comunica, discurso, voceros y/o campañas que son parte de la práctica comunicacional universitaria.Implicaciones: La aproximación a este entorno limita la mirada tan sólo a la perspectiva de los DirCOMS universitarios, aunque posibilita que los profesionistas de la comunicación inmersos en otro tipo de instituciones y organizaciones de diferente giro, reflexionen sobre los procesos comunicativos de sus propios entornos y los permeen de una comunicación responsable.Originalidad y Contribución: Se apoya al mejoramiento de los entornos sociales a través de la difusión de la perspectiva emergente en Comunicación Responsable y sus rasgos: honestidad, trasparencia, empatía, interactividad y consistencia permeados a todos los subcampos de la comunicación para lograr una comunicación más ética desde la conceptualización hasta la práctica de la misma.
Efficacy of 3D-printed simulation models of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in patient education and surgical simulation
Authors: Woo Seung-Bin , Lee Chang-Young , Kim Chang-Hyun , Kwon Min-Yong , Ko Young San , Lee Jong-Ha , Heo Jin-Chul , Kwon Sae Min
Published: October 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a 3D-printed aneurysm simulation model (3DPM) in educating patients and improving physicians’ comprehension and performance.Methods: This prospective study involved 40 patients who were diagnosed with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) and scheduled for surgical clipping or endovascular coiling and randomly divided into two groups (the 3DPM group and the non-3DPM group). The 3DPM was used in preoperative consultation with patients and intraoperatively referenced by surgeons. The patients, 7 neurosurgical residents, and 10 surgeons completed questionnaires (5-point Likert scale) to determine the usefulness of the 3DPM.Results: Patients in the 3DPM group had significantly higher scores in terms of their understanding of the disease (mean 4.85 vs. 3.95, p<0.001) and the treatment plan (mean 4.85 vs. 4.20, p=0.005) and reported higher satisfaction during consultation (5.0 vs. 4.60, p=0.036) than patients in the non-3DPM group. During patient consultation, 3DPMs were most useful in improving doctor–patient communication (mean 4.57, range 4-5). During clipping surgery, the models were most useful in assessing adjacent arteries (mean 4.9, range 4-5); during endovascular coiling, they were especially helpful in microcatheter shaping (mean 4.7, range 4-5).Conclusions: In general, 3DPMs are beneficial in educating patients and improving the physician’s performance in terms of surgical clipping and endovascular coiling of UIAs.
Spacer-layer-tunable ferromagnetic half-metal-ferromagnetic insulator transition in SrVO3/SrTiO3 superlattice
Authors: Fang Xiao-Nan , Wei Qin , Sui Na-Na , Kong Zhi-Yong , Liu Jing , Du Yan-Ling ,   Information Engineering College, Shandong Management University, Jinan 250357, China,   College of Intelligence and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
Published: October 2022

In this work, the first-principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) are employed to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of SrVO3/SrTiO3(111) superlattices. The studies show that the transition from ferromagnetic half-metal to ferromagnetic insulator can be achieved by adjusting the thickness of the spacer-layer SrTiO3. The interlayer coupling between the SrVO3 sublayers can occur across two unit-cell (uc) distance of SrTiO3, and the superlattice is ferromagnetic half-metal. When the SrTiO3 sublayers are 3uc, a small band gap (about 0.28 eV) appears in the superlattice. When the SrTiO3 sublayers are more than 3uc, the superlattice has a large band gap and exhibits ferromagnetic insulating state. Further studies show that the Ti-V mixed defects play an important role in realizing the transition of metal-insulator. Compared with the ideal interface, the Ti-V mixed interface can inhibit the interlayer coupling and induce the transition of ferromagnetic half-metal to ferromagnetic insulator. These results provide a theoretical basis for the transition of ferromagnetic half-metal to ferromagnetic insulator by adjusting the number of SrTiO3 layers in SrVO3/SrTiO3(111) superlattices.
Electron transport mechanism in AlN/β-Ga2O3 heterostructures
Authors: Zhou Zhan-Hui , Li Qun , He Xiao-Min ,   School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Published: October 2022

The β-Ga2O3 has received much attention in the field of power and radio frequency electronics, due to an ultrawide bandgap energy of ~4.9 eV and a high breakdown field strength of ~8 MV/cm (Poncé et al. 2020 Phys. Rev. Res. 2 033102). The in-plane lattice mismatch of 2.4% between the (\begin{document}$ \bar 201 $\end{document}) plane of β-Ga2O3 and the (0002) plane of wurtzite AlN is beneficial to the formation of an AlN/β-Ga2O3 heterostructure (Sun et al. 2017 Appl. Phys. Lett. 111 162105), which is a potential candidate for β-Ga2O3-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). In this study, the Schrödinger-Poisson equations are solved to calculate the AlN/β-Ga2O3 conduction band profile and the two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG) sheet density, based on the supposition that the 2DEG originates from door-like surface states distributed evenly below the AlN conduction band. The main scattering mechanisms in AlN/β-Ga2O3 heterostructures, i.e. the ionized impurity scattering, interface roughness scattering, acoustic deformation-potential scattering, and polar optical phonon scattering, are investigated by using the Boltzmann transport theory. Besides, the relative importance of different scattering mechanisms is evaluated. The results show that at room temperature, the 2DEG sheet density increases with the augment of AlN thickness, and reaches 1.0×1013 cm–2 at an AlN thickness of 6 nm. With the increase of the 2DEG sheet density, the ionized impurity scattering limited mobility increases, but other scattering mechanisms limited mobilities decrease. The interface roughness scattering dominates the mobility at low temperature and moderate temperature (T < 148 K), and the polar optical phonon scattering dominates the mobility at temperatures above 148 K. The room-temperature mobility is 368.6 cm2/(V·s) for the AlN/β-Ga2O3 heterostructure with an AlN thickness of 6 nm.
High-throughput calculation of interfacial friction of two-dimensional material
Authors: Cui Zi-Chun , Yang Mo-Han , Ruan Xiao-Peng , Fan Xiao-Li , Zhou Feng , Liu Wei-Min ,   Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Published: October 2022

Friction generally occurs in the relative motion or the contact interface with the trend of relative motion, which impedes the relative motion and produces energy loss. Micro-scale friction is different from the macro-scale friction due to surface effects and other factors. It is necessary to study the friction behavior on a nano-scale. First-principles method is an important way to study and understand friction on a nano-scale. Nevertheless, the constructing of nearly a thousand models and the processing of a large number of data are very time consuming. In this paper, we establish a high-throughput computational program based on the first-principles method to study the interfacial friction of two-dimensional materials. The program realizes modeling, submitting computation tasks, multi-task concurrent calculation, data collection and processing, and image rendering of calculation results. All of these are done in batch automatically, which greatly saves researchers’ time. In this work, this program is used to simulate the normal load by changing the distance between layers and calculate the potential energy surface of BN/BN and graphene/graphene bilayer sliding systems at a series of interlayer distances, as well as the interlayer friction forces and friction coefficients. The study finds that with the decrease of the interlayer distance, the averaged friction force at BN/BN interface increases approximately linearly, and the friction coefficient is in a range of 0.11–0.17. The friction force at graphene/graphene interface first increases, then decreases, and increases again. The friction coefficient reaches a minimum value (0.014) under a load of 12 nN, and these results are consistent with the previous results, verifying the reliability of the calculation program. In addition, we investigate the effect of surface hydrogenation and fluorination on the tribological property of the BN bilayer and find that the friction at the fluorinated BN/BN interface decreases, which is attributed to the smaller charge transfer at interface. Although the high-throughput calculation method realizes the automation and high-throughput calculation of tribological property at solid interface, there are still some limitations. Firstly, the effect of interlaminar bending is not considered in the process of interlaminar relative sliding. Secondly, the essence of the calculation result is static friction, rather than dynamic friction. In addition, the method does not consider the influence of temperature.
Design of new Al-Si-Mg alloys by multi-modal mixed input simulation experiment
Authors: Duan Zhi-Qiang , Pei Xiao-Long , Guo Qing-Wei , Hou Hua , Zhao Yu-Hong ,   School of Material Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China,   Shanxi Engineering Reseach Center of Liquid Nonferrous Metals Forming, Taiyuan 030051, China,   College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
Published: October 2022

On the basis of a large number of experimental data, it is a challenge to establish a data-driven non-linear law between mixing characteristics and mechanical properties for the proportioning and process design of new alloy compositions. This paper proposes a performance-oriented “composition-process-property” design strategy for Al-Si-Mg alloys based on a machine learning approach, aiming to adopt multimodal experimental data on the composition, melting and heat treatment processes of divergent grades of the same system as features, and a random forest algorithm is used to find the non-linear pattern between the features and the tensile strength. Afterward, this paper sets the composition and process parameters of some of the alloys in the dataset as the target null values and uses the chain equation multiple interpolation algorithms to predict the interpolation of the target missing data. The errors of both experimental and predicted values of tensile strength of the alloys predicted or guided by this strategy are kept within ±5%; The composition ratio of Al-6.8Si-0.6Mg-0.05Sr and the heat treatment scheme of 540 ℃×10 h+170 ℃×10 h are experimentally confirmed to have a quality index QDJR of 517.3 for comprehensive tensile properties, which is higher than that of similar alloys below a QDJR value of 500. The result indicates that this strategy helps to enhance the long cycle time, high cost, and low efficiency of the traditional design method for Al-Si-Mg system alloys.
Thinned array ultrasonic imaging of debonding defects in discontinuous impedance bonded structures
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhu Wen-Fa , Fan Guo-Peng , Zhang Hai-Yan ,   School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China,   School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Published: October 2022

Ballastless track is a typical bonding structure with discontinuous impedance. Under the influence of heavy load, deteriorating environment and other situations, the circumstance of debonding occurs frequently and seriously affects the safety of train operation. In this work, a high-precision array ultrasound fast imaging method is proposed. Based on the propagation path and time of sound wave in the medium obtained by ray tracing method, a theoretical model of sound velocity of discontinuous impedance bonding structure is established when the difference in sound velocity among dielectric layers is taken into account. High degree of freedom sparse array based on real number coding as well as synthetic aperture focusing technology (SAFT) imaging method is used to improve detection efficiency. The results of the experiments carried out on ballast less track structure are shown below. The ray tracing method can accurately calculate the propagation path and propagation time of ultrasonic wave and improve the detection accuracy. The optimized thinned array pattern has narrowed the main lobe width and low side lobe gain, which improves the detection efficiency and sound field directivity. The efficiency of thinned array SAFT imaging method is improved by 30.9% when the imaging error of debonding defects is within ±5%, which provides a theoretical support fordetecting such debonding defects.
Influence of multiple Coulomb scattering on accuracy of muon transmission imaging of small-scale matter
Authors: Zhang Jian-Ming , Li Zhi-Wei , Liu Fang , Li Jing-Tai , Mao Xin , Cheng Ya-Ping , Pang Jie , Feng Xin-Zhuo , Ni Si-Dao , Ouyang Xiao-Ping , Han Ran ,   College of Nuclear Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China,   Key Laboratory of Reliability and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China,   Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Geodynamics, Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China,   Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China
Published: October 2022

The muon transmission imaging method is a non-destructive detection imaging method and can obtain the internal density structure of the target object by analyzing the flux change of cosmic ray muon before and after passing through the target object. This method assumes that muon travels along a straight line in a lowatomic number material. However, the multiple Coulomb scattering causes the muon deviate from the straight line to a certain extent when penetrating the material, which may have a certain influence on the accuracy of muon transmission imaging. This study uses the Geant4 software package to carry out Monte Carlo simulation of muon transmission imaging. Object models with multiple density structures and several meters are used to analyze the effect of multiple scattering on the accuracy of transmission imaging. In the experiment, we set up a model in which muons of different energy vertically pass through a rock with a certain thickness, we can intuitively see the influence of scattering on the penetration path of muons. By setting up rock-water block models with thickness in a range of 0.8, 2.4 and 4.0 m, the effect of Coulomb scattering on the transmission imaging of small-scale material muons is analyzed. The results suggest that the muon transmission imaging method can well restore the geometric shape and spatial distribution characteristics of density anomalies for objects with several-meter scale for standard rock materials with a scale of several meters. However, the flux deviation caused by multiple Coulomb scattering on the muons in the near-vertical direction can reach 5%, and up to 13% in the boundary areas of the standard rock and air. We limit the scattering angle of the muon, and select the muon with a scattering angle of less than or equal to 1° for imaging. The results of transmission imaging by using the selected muon have improved. The image does not have the illusion of an abnormally increased flux around the model caused by scattering, but the muon flux in the model area is reduced even more, thereby affecting the accuracy of restoring the absolute density of an object using flux differences. Therefore, the effects of multiple Coulomb scattering should be considered for recovering more accurate absolute density in small-scale muon transmission imaging study.
Single-cell analysis of skeletal muscle macrophages reveals age-associated functional subpopulations
Authors: Krasniewski Linda K , Chakraborty Papiya , Cui Chang-Yi , Mazan-Mamczarz Krystyna , Dunn Christopher , Piao Yulan , Fan Jinshui , Shi Changyou , Wallace Tonya , Nguyen Cuong , Rathbun Isabelle A , Munk Rachel , Tsitsipatis Dimitrios , De Supriyo , Sen Payel , Ferrucci Luigi , Gorospe Myriam
Published: October 2022

Tissue-resident macrophages represent a group of highly responsive innate immune cells that acquire diverse functions by polarizing toward distinct subpopulations. The subpopulations of macrophages that reside in skeletal muscle (SKM) and their changes during aging are poorly characterized. By single-cell transcriptomic analysis with unsupervised clustering, we found 11 distinct macrophage clusters in male mouse SKM with enriched gene expression programs linked to reparative, proinflammatory, phagocytic, proliferative, and senescence-associated functions. Using a complementary classification, membrane markers LYVE1 and MHCII identified four macrophage subgroups: LYVE1−/MHCIIhi (M1-like, classically activated), LYVE1+/MHCIIlo (M2-like, alternatively activated), and two new subgroups, LYVE1+/MHCIIhi and LYVE1−/MHCIIlo. Notably, one new subgroup, LYVE1+/MHCIIhi, had traits of both M2 and M1 macrophages, while the other new subgroup, LYVE1−/MHCIIlo, displayed strong phagocytic capacity. Flow cytometric analysis validated the presence of the four macrophage subgroups in SKM and found that LYVE1− macrophages were more abundant than LYVE1+ macrophages in old SKM. A striking increase in proinflammatory markers (S100a8 and S100a9 mRNAs) and senescence-related markers (Gpnmb and Spp1 mRNAs) was evident in macrophage clusters from older mice. In sum, we have identified dynamically polarized SKM macrophages and propose that specific macrophage subpopulations contribute to the proinflammatory and senescent traits of old SKM.
Radiomics combined with clinical features in distinguishing non-calcifying tuberculosis granuloma and lung adenocarcinoma in small pulmonary nodules
Authors: Dong Qing , Wen Qingqing , Li Nan , Tong Jinlong , Li Zhaofu , Bao Xin , Xu Jinzhi , Li Dandan
Published: October 2022

Aim

To evaluate the performance of radiomics models with the combination of clinical features in distinguishing non-calcified tuberculosis granuloma (TBG) and lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) in small pulmonary nodules.

Methodology

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 280 patients with pulmonary nodules confirmed by surgical biopsy from January 2017 to December 2020. Samples were divided into LAC group (n = 143) and TBG group (n = 137). We assigned them to a training dataset (n = 196) and a testing dataset (n = 84). Clinical features including gender, age, smoking, CT appearance (size, location, spiculated sign, lobulated shape, vessel convergence, and pleural indentation) were extracted and included in the radiomics models. 3D slicer and FAE software were used to delineate the Region of Interest (ROI) and extract clinical features. The performance of the model was evaluated by the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve (AUC).

Results

Based on the model selection, clinical features gender, and age in the LAC group and TBG group showed a significant difference in both datasets (P < 0.05). CT appearance lobulated shape was also significantly different in the LAC group and TBG group (Training dataset, P = 0.034; Testing dataset, P = 0.030). AUC were 0.8344 (95% CI [0.7712–0.8872]) and 0.751 (95% CI [0.6382–0.8531]) in training and testing dataset, respectively.

Conclusion

With the capacity to detect differences between TBG and LAC based on their clinical features, radiomics models with a combined of clinical features may function as the potential non-invasive tool for distinguishing TBG and LAC in small pulmonary nodules.
Masonry mortar design incorporating crushed recycled glass
Authors:   Universidad Señor de Sipan, Muñoz S. , Mendoza S. ,   Universidad Señor de Sipan
Published: October 2022

Mortar is considered one of the construction materials in great demand in the world, obtaining materials for its preparation require the exploitation of a large part of renewable and nonrenewable resources. In order to dissipate the consumption of natural aggregates, the reuse of different materials that are normally discarded has been studied; glass is an important option for the preparation of mortar. Therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to design a mortar for masonry incorporating crushed glass. The mixing design was made for dosages of 1: 3.5, 1: 4, 1: 5 and 1: 6 with substitution of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of fine aggregate by crushed glass; tested at the age of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The fluidity of the mortar in fresh state and the mechanical properties such as the resistance to compression and bending of the mortar, resistance to adhesion by bending in masonry piles, resistance to axial compression of piles and resistance to diagonal compression in walls were evaluated. of bricklayer. The highest resistance was obtained for the dosage of 1: 3.5 with 30% as the optimum percentage of substitution, reaching a higher resistance compared to the standard mortar; for the dosage of 1: 4 the optimum percentage was 25%; for 1: 5 it was determined with 20%; and finally, 10% was obtained as the best percentage for the 1: 6 dosages. From these values it was determined that, once the optimal percentages were reached, the strength of the mortar decreases as the substitution increases. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the crushed glass significantly influences the mortar properties.
século de regionalização turística
Authors: Sá Vítor
Published: October 2022

Há cerca de um século que Portugal conhece uma regionalização da gestão do território turístico. Atravessando três regimes políticos desde a sua génese, a abordagem à gestão regional foi mudando consoante o regime em vigor, mas também com a evolução da procura turística. Desta forma, entre 1920 e a atualidade, assiste-se a sete momentos de mudança na política de gestão regional, sendo que nem todas marcam uma verdadeira rotura com o passado. As diferentes abordagens adotadas desenvolvem-se de forma sinuosa, levando a uma multiplicação de órgãos locais e regionais e conduzindo a uma sobreposição de responsabilidades, gerando dificuldades na gestão do território. Mais recentemente, a eliminação dos vários órgãos governamentais dispersos, permitiu que a responsabilidade pela gestão regional ficasse focada numa entidade por região, algo inédito até então. Assim, o presente ensaio, permite-nos conhecer, através de uma análise à legislação, a evolução de cerca de um século de políticas regionais de turismo, os acontecimentos catalisadores destas e os frutos destas transformações.
A SUCCESSIVE CLINICAL STORY ON GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME UNDER THE LIGHT OF AYURVEDA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: S Manasa , CV Rajashekhar , Abdul Khader
Published: October 2022

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a group of autoimmune syndromes comprising the disease's demyelinating and acute axonal degenerating forms. It is also an acute-onset, monophasic, immune-mediated polyneuropathy that often follows an antecedent infection. Here is an interesting case study where a 16-year-old girl with her parents reported to the outpatient department with the chief complaint of inability to walk without support, weakness in bilateral calf muscles, weakness in bilateral upper limbs and lower limbs and tingling sensation, pulling type of pain in the right ankle joint and also the heaviness of bilateral lower limbs, more in the morning. By examination, her sensory and motor systems showed impairment; one was hypotonic, proprioception was affected, and her gait was a high steppage gait. Her assessment was done by using Hughes GBS Disability Scale- 3/6. The patient’s nerve conduction study revealed severe motor and sensory axonal neuropathy in the upper and lower limbs. By seeing the nature of the disease and the patient's symptoms, we correlated with sarvanga vata according to our classics. Treatments were koshta shodhana (gut cleansing), abhyanga (massage of the whole body with medicated oil), Shastikashali panda sweda (Rubbing of medicated rice poultice over the body), basti (transrectal administration of medicines) and oral medicaments. Panchakarma treatments were for 30 days, followed by oral medications for the next 140 days. The intervention period of 154 days showed complete recovery of all the motor and sensory deficits; however, follow-up of the patient was maintained for 269 days, looking into the sustainability of the outcomes.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF VISARPA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HERPES ZOSTER: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Jadhav Sujata B. , Shrotriya Yogita O. , Dhurde Smita V. , Bamb Preeti R.
Published: October 2022

All ages, from neonates to elderly persons, suffer from skin disorders. Though skin lesions are visible, they have cosmetic importance also. The pathophysiology and management of skin disorders are explained in Ayurved Samhitas as Raktavaha srotasa dushtijanya vikara and its chikitsa. Among them, ‘Visarpa’ is one of the most typical acute skin disorders. It is explained in detail apart from ‘Kushta’ vyadhi in all the Ayurvedic Samhitas. According to Ayurveda, visarpansheel (spreading), sukshma pidaka (tiny rash) with shoola (pain), kandu (itching), and daah (burning) are present in Visarpa. The signs and symptoms of Visarpa are correlated with a modern skin disorder called Herpes zoster. Herpes zoster is an actively transmitting viral disease causing localized painful skin rashes, blisters, and burning sensations. A case of 23 years old male who came with complaints of shirogaurav (heaviness of head) and jwarprachiti (mild fever), angamarda (body ache), visarpansheel sukshma pidaka with kandu, daah for two days. The patient was treated with raktamokshan by jalauka and shaman chikitsa. He was advised for pathyakar aahar (dietary modification) and vihar (lifestyle modification). He got relief within seven days.
A CASE STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF GARBHASAYA GRANTHI WITH REFERENCE TO UTERINE FIBROID
Authors: M Gulnar Mariam , L Venkata Ratnakar , C Swathi
Published: October 2022

Uterine fibroid is the most common benign pelvic tumour in women of reproductive age. Leiomyomas, also called fibroids, have a 70-80% cumulative incidence in childbearing age due to their abundant fibrotic tissue. Most of the time, it remains asymptomatic, and the fibroids are diagnosed accidentally. The patient came with the complaint of lower abdomen pain during menses and a few days before the onset of menses for ten years. The pain is in the lower abdomen, lower back region and thigh. The character of the pain is spasmodic. On examination, multiple fibroid uterus measuring 2.1x1.8 cm fibroid noted in the anterior wall, and 4.9x4.4 cm fibroid pointed out in the posterior wall. The case was diagnosed as garbhasaya granthi. There is vitiation of tridosha with a predominance of vata kapha dosha and dushya like rasa, raktha, mamsa, and medas. Hence kapha medohara chikitsa has been given. Medicines like dashamoola kashayam, varunadi kashayam, kanchanara guggulu, saptasara kashayam, dhanwantara gulika, kanchanara guggulu have been administered. Tikshna, ushna, lekhana, chedana, and srotoshodana dravya can reduce uterine fibroid symptoms and size. The patient shows a significant reduction in pain in the lower abdomen and thigh region with the above-mentioned oral medications.
ROLE OF BINDU DAGDHA TYPE OF AGNIKARMA IN MANAGEMENT OF VATAKANTAKA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CALCANEAL SPUR: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Mugilmathi BK , Reddy K. Vasudeva , SG Vipin
Published: October 2022

Background: Calcaneal spur is a cartilaginous outgrowth at the joint margins of calcaneum, which later gets ossified. A calcaneal spur is one of the most typical causes of heel pain. Pain may aggravate on physical activities. In Ayurveda, the calcaneal spur can be correlated to vatakantaka, where vata gets accumulated in the joints of the feet producing pain. This condition can be effectively treated by agnikarma procedure. Bindu dagdha is one type of agnikarma based on akruti where therapeutic heat is applied in dot or pointed form. A 47-year-old female patient suffering from calcaneal spur in the right heel was treated with three sittings of bindu dagdha type of agnikarma. In the first sitting, she had partial relief of the symptoms like reduction in difficulty in walking, tenderness and swelling. At the end of the third sitting, she could walk without difficulty. Result & conclusion: In para-surgical procedures, agnikarma is considered superior as the disease does not re-occur. Agnikarma removes the srotovarodha and pacifies the vitiated doshas causing a reduction in pain. In the present case study, the bindu dagdha type of agnikarma has therapeutically given promising results in the pain management of calcaneal spur.
Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Diversification in Nigeria: Further Empirical Analysis
Authors: Oweh Abang, Samuel , Stella Omang, Nkechi
Published: October 2022

One of the key objectives of the government’s economic policy is the prosperity and stability of the economy. It intends to achieve this by increasing the economy’s competitiveness in the global economic arena. However, besides the macroeconomic policy, another key determinant of an economy’s competitiveness is the extent of its diversification, understood in this context to mean the degree to which the economy moves away from a dominant income-earning sector or product to other ones. In view of this, study examined the impact of monetary policy on economic diversification in Nigeria using data for the period 1991 to 2021 and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The study made use of diversification index as the dependent variable, money supply, real exchange rate, gross fix capital formation, labour force ,as independent variables. Secondary time series data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, National Bureau of Statistics (various years/issues). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis based on the ARDL technique. Based on the results obtained, the study shows that money supply, gross fix capita formation and labour force affects economic diversification positively while real effective exchange rate affects economic diversification negatively. The study therefore recommends that monetary authorities should be encouraged to increase money supply as this has similar benefit of increasing private consumption. Furthermore, maintaining a favourable external reserves should be pursued by the monetary authorities.
Bipolar Plate Flow Field Structure Research Status and Trends for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Xinhao Zeng , Pengyan Guo , Ruizhu Zhang , Zhao Ran , Fei Qin , Wangguan Kang , Xinjing Wei , Wen Cheng
Published: October 2022

The bipolar plate is the fundamental structural element of the hydrogen fuel cell, and its flow field design has a significant impact on the performance of the fuel cell. The hydrogen fuel cell is employed as an important energy supply source for vehicle power. The classification and operation of hydrogen fuel cells, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of conventional flow fields, are discussed in this paper and contrasted with the state of bipolar plate flow field research in recent years. Comprehensive analysis is done on the optimization of the fuel cell bipolar plate flow field based on the conventional flow field. All are favorable to enhancing fuel cells' ability to generate electricity and aid in the progressive development of a full set of structural design guidelines.
CBNAAT: Advantage and Efficacy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) atop on Traditional Methods for Diagnosis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Bisht Himanshu Singh , Rajput Madhurendra Singh , Tiwari Sanchit , Kaur Sunpreet , Gaur Vivek
Published: October 2022

Background: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) is one of the most ancient diseases of mankind. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the most common, despite the diagnosis and treatment of TB. Many studies reported, a collaboration between PTB susceptibility. In our research study, we report meantime findings after enrolling 732 of a planned 212 participants.

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Methods: The study conducted on patients with TB in west India was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Index Medical College; Indore Madhya Pradesh. Patients suspected of PTB were qualified for screening if their age varied from 25 to 60 years and with both gender, signs and symptoms associated with PTB such as cough for more than 2 weeks, fever, weight loss, chest pain, and abnormal chest X-ray findings in results and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) positive. All Patients were monitored monthly while they visited in TB and chest clinic for TB treatment.

Results: A total of 937 patients were selected for the study. Out of which only 732 patients were enrolled. About 212 patents were positive for CBNAAT and 520 were found negative. The confirmed positive CBNAAT patients do not have a history of tuberculosis. In this study about 21.72% were ZN stain positive, 33.46% were culture positive and 28.96% were CBNAAT positive.

Conclusion: The current scenario of traditionally AFB-negative PTB is not sensitive enough to establish the diagnosis of active tuberculosis without CBNAAT. They underdiagnose PTB and over-treat people without PTB.
Hunter Syndrome
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Das Pratap C. , Das Anupam
Published: October 2022

This case report describes multiple symmetric, skin-colored papulonodules overlying the scapulae and posterior shoulders that gave the appearance of pebbled skin.
Cost-effectiveness of Response-Adapted De-escalation of Immunotherapy in Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Cartun Zachary , Kunz Wolfgang G. , Heinzerling Lucie , Tomsitz Dirk , Guertler Anne , Westphalen C. Benedikt , Ricke Jens , Weir William , Unterrainer Marcus , Mehrens Dirk
Published: October 2022

Importance

Combination immunotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab has markedly improved outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. However, these therapies pose a considerable financial burden to both patients and the health care system. The ADAPT-IT trial demonstrated comparable progression-free and overall survival for patients with response-adapted ipilimumab discontinuation compared with standard of care (SOC).

Objective

To determine the cost-effectiveness of ipilimumab discontinuation for patients with interim imaging-confirmed tumor response in the treatment of advanced melanoma.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using data from the ADAPT-IT (follow-up of 33 months) and CheckMate 067 (follow-up of 6.5 years) trials, as well as published literature over the ADAPT-IT trial duration of 33 months. The analysis was performed in a US setting from a US-payer perspective, and the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold was set at $100 000/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). A total of 355 patients with previously untreated melanoma (unresectable stage III or IV metastatic melanoma) were included.

Exposure

Response-adapted ipilimumab discontinuation compared with SOC therapy.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcomes of the CheckMate trial were overall survival and progression-free survival, while that of ADAPT-IT was objective response. This informed a decision model to estimate lifetime costs and QALYs associated with both strategies. Incremental cost, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness ratio were assessed. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were performed to account for variability in trials and input parameters.

Results

Of the 355 patients included in the analysis, 41 patients were from the ADAPT-IT trial (median age, 65 years; 28 [68%] male) and 314 patients from the CheckMate 067 trial (median age, 61 years; 206 [66%] male). Response-adapted treatment was the cost-effective option in 94.0% of scenarios based on Monte Carlo simulations, with a dominant incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and an incremental net monetary benefit of $28 849 compared with SOC therapy. Cost savings were estimated at $19 891 per patient compared with SOC. In scenario analyses, current SOC was only considered as a cost-effective option under best survival assumptions and if the willingness-to-pay threshold exceeded $630 000/QALY.

Conclusions and Relevance

This economic evaluation demonstrated that response-adapted treatment de-escalation in patients with advanced melanoma may lead to considerable savings in health care costs and could represent the most cost-effective strategy across various resource settings. Future trials should aim to provide further evidence on noninferiority.
Percolating Superconductivity in Air‐Stable Organic‐Ion Intercalated MoS2
Authors: Pereira Jose M. , Tezze Daniel , Niehues Iris , Asensio Yaiza , Yang Haozhe , Mester Lars , Chen Shu , Casanova Felix , Bittner Alexander M. , Ormaza Maider , Schiller Frederik , Martín‐García Beatriz , Hillenbrand Rainer , Hueso Luis E. , Gobbi Marco
Published: October 2022

When doped into a certain range of charge carrier concentrations, MoS2 departs from its pristine semiconducting character to become a strongly correlated material characterized by exotic phenomena such as charge density waves or superconductivity. However, the required doping levels are typically achieved using ionic‐liquid gating or air‐sensitive alkali‐ion intercalation, which are not compatible with standard device fabrication processes. Here, the emergence of superconductivity and a charge density wave phase in air‐stable organic cation intercalated MoS2 crystals are reported. By selecting two different molecular guests, it is shown that these correlated electronic phases depend dramatically on the intercalated cation, demonstrating the potential of organic ion intercalation to finely tune the properties of 2D materials. Moreover, it is found that a fully developed zero‐resistance state is not reached in few‐nm‐thick flakes, indicating the presence of 3D superconductive paths that are severed by the mechanical exfoliation. This behavior is ascribed to an inhomogeneous charge carrier distribution, which is probed at the nanoscale using scanning near‐field optical microscopy. The results establish organic‐ion intercalated MoS2 as a platform to study the emergence and modulation of correlated electronic phases.
Interface Engineering via Amino Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Geng Quanming , Jia Xiangrui , He Zhengyan , Hu Yanqiang , Gao Yushuang , Yang Shuo , Yao Changlin , Zhang Shufang
Published: October 2022

In n–i–p structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite interfaces greatly influence the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the devices. In recent years, more and more works have successfully prepared PSCs with excellent performance after employing tin dioxide (SnO2) as ETL. However, oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl groups on the SnO2 ETLs produced during preparation can easily induce defects at the film surface and injure the above perovskite film. Herein, a multifunctional amino acid, L‐aspartic acid (LAA) is utilized, to modify the SnO2 surface and optimize the SnO2/perovskite interface. The carboxylic acid group of LAA can neutralize the alkalinity of the hydroxyl group on SnO2 film, and the amino group of LAA can interact with the perovskite layer through the hydrogen bond, to adjust the crystallization process of perovskite film. Based on the double optimization of the SnO2/perovskite interface, the defect density at the interface is greatly reduced, and the quality of the perovskite crystal is significantly improved. Finally, optimized PSCs are obtained with a high PCE of 22.63%, which is a 13% improvement over the device without LAA (20.02%). Besides, the stability performance of the PSCs modified by LAA is also remarkably improved.
Parity‐Time Phase Transition of Topological Corner States in Square Lattice Photonic Crystal Structures
Authors: O Kang-Hyok , Kim Kwang-Hyon
Published: October 2022

Marriage of the concepts of parity‐time (PT) symmetry and topology recently gave rise to PT‐symmetric topological photonics, triggering great interest in the community of photonics. This work reveals PT‐symmetric phase transition in second‐order topological photonic systems: the photonic systems consisting of square lattice topological photonic crystals with balanced gain and loss support the corner states, two of which are in thresholdless PT broken phase and the other two exhibit PT phase transition with a threshold determined by the coupling strength between the corner modes. The main advantage of the proposed photonic system is the significantly high gain contrast between the corner states and unnecessary background modes originating from bulk and edge ones, enabling diverse photonic applications such as nanolasing with significantly high power compared with the preceding topological nanolasers made of only gain sublattices. The results presented in this work pave the way toward potential applications such as biological sensing and spectroscopy at the nanoscale.
General‐Purpose Ultrasound Neuromodulation System for Chronic, Closed‐Loop Preclinical Studies in Freely Behaving Rodents
Authors: Jo Yehhyun , Lee Sang‐Mok , Jung Taesub , Park Gijae , Lee Chanhee , Im Geun Ho , Lee Seongju , Park Jin Soo , Oh Chaerin , Kook Geon , Kim Hyunggug , Kim Seongyeon , Lee Byung Chul , Suh Greg S.B. , Kim Seong‐Gi , Kim Jeongyeon , Lee Hyunjoo J.
Published: October 2022

Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) is an effective noninvasive treatment modality for brain disorders with high clinical potential. However, the therapeutic effects of ultrasound neuromodulation are not widely explored due to limitations in preclinical systems. The current preclinical studies are head‐fixed, anesthesia‐dependent, and acute, limiting clinical translatability. Here, this work reports a general‐purpose ultrasound neuromodulation system for chronic, closed‐loop preclinical studies in freely behaving rodents. This work uses microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to design and fabricate a small and lightweight transducer capable of artifact‐free stimulation and simultaneous neural recording. Using the general‐purpose system, it can be observed that state‐dependent ultrasound neuromodulation of the prefrontal cortex increases rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and protects spatial working memory to REM sleep deprivation. The system will allow explorative studies in brain disease therapeutics and neuromodulation using ultrasound stimulation for widespread clinical adoption.