bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Իրական և միֆական նաիրիների հակադրությունը Եղիշե Չարենցի «Երկիր Նաիրի» վեպում
Authors: Ավետիսյան Սաթենիկ
Published: February 2023

Հոդվածը նվիրված է Եղիշե Չարենցի ,Երկիր Նաիրիե վեպի քննությանը։ Ուսումնասիրվող հիմնախնդիրը առնչվում է վեպում առանցքային կարևորություն ներկայացնող իրական և միֆական նաիրիների հակադրությանը։ Որպես հետազոտական մեթոդ կիրառվել են յունգյան հերմենևտիկայի մեթոդաբանական սկզբունքները և պատմահամեմատական մեթոդը, ինչպես նաև օգտագործվել են սեպագրագիտական և պատմագիտական նորագույն հետազոտությունները։ Նկատվել է, որ ,Երկիր Նաիրիե կապակցությունը վեպում կիրառվել է որպես հայրենիք-բնօրրանի նույնանիշ և ստացել արքետիպային սխեմայի արժեք։ Կարսի անկման գեղարվեստական պատմությունը ներկայացնում է հեղինակ- պատմողը, որը որոնում է պատմական Նաիրի երկրի նյութական-իրական գոյության հիմնավորումները և դրանք փորձում գտնել իր նկարագրած իրականության մեջ. հիմնավորումների բացակայությունը խզում է առաջացնում իրականության ևանցյալի միջև։ Ուսումնասիրությունը կառուցված է հակադրությունների միասնության և պայքարի փիլիսոփայական հայեցակարգով, որի գաղափարական շարժիչը հեղինակային ես-նէ և նրա վերաբերմունքը նկարագրվող իրադարձություններին։
The article is devoted to the examination of the novel “The land of Nairi” by Yeghishe Charents. The problem under study is related to the contrast between real and mythical nairis, which is of key importance in the novel. The methodological principles of Jung’s hermeneutics and the historical-comparative method, as well as the latest cuneiform and historiographic studies, were used as a research method. It is noted that the phrase “The land of Nairi” was used in the novel as a synonym for the motherland-cradle and got the value of an archetypal pattern. The artistic story of the fall of Kars is presented by the author-narrator, who is looking for substantiations of the material and real existence of the historical land of Nairi and tries to find them in the reality he describes։ the absence of substantiations causes a disjuncture between reality and the past. The study is based on the philosophical concept of the unity and the clash of contrasts, the vital engine of which is the author’s ego and his attitude to the events described.
Статья посвящена изучению романа Егише Чаренца „Страна Наири”. Исследуемая проблема связана с противопоставлением реального и мифического наири, что имеет ключевое значение в романе. В качестве метода исследования использовались методологические принципы герменевтики Юнга и историко-сравнительный метод, а также новейшие клинописные и историографические исследования. Отмечено, что словосочетание „Страна Наири” использовалась в романе как синоним родине-колыбель и получила значение архетипической схемы. Художественная история падения Карса представлена автором-рассказчиком, который ищет обоснования материально-реального существования исторической страны Наири и пытается найти их в описываемой им действительности: отсутствие обоснований вызывает разрыв между реальностью и прошлым. Исследование построено на философской концепции единства и столкновения противоположностей, жизненным двигателем которой является эго автора и его отношение к описываемым событиям.
Ֆրանսիական էկզիստենցիալիզմի մոտիվները, Նոր վեպ-ի մոդելը և Գիտակցության հոսքի խնդիրը Զարեհ Որբունու Թեկնածուն վեպում
Authors: Սարիբեկյան Հրաչյա
Published: February 2023

Հոդվածում քննվում են էկզիստենցիալ մոտիվների, «Գիտակցության հոսք» տեխնիկայի և ֆրանսիական ,«Նոր վեպ»-ի հնարքների կիրառման խնդիրները Զարեհ Որբունու «Թեկնածուն» վեպում: Էկզիստենցիալ՝ մենության, լքվածության, լռության, հույսի, հուսալքության, իրականությունից փախուստի և անհատի օտարման մոտիվները Որբունու վեպում պարբերաբար կրկնվում են՝ պայմանավորելով սյուժեի պարուրաձև բնույթը, որի մասին խոսում է հեղինակն ինքը` հղում կատարելով ֆրանսիական , «Նոր վեպ»-ի հեղինակ և տեսաբան Ալեն Ռոբ-Գրիյեի վեպերին՝ ցույց տալով, որ այդօրինակ սյուժեի հիմքում ժամանակի պարուրաձև զարգացման պատկերացումն է: Եվ այսպես, ժամանակի՝ անցյալը ներկա կամ ենթագիտակցությունը գիտակցության բերելու խնդիրը, որ Մարսել Պրուստի վիպաշարի խնդիրն էր, առանցքային է դառնում նաև «Թեկնածուն» վեպում, որը գրված է մի կողմից «Գիտակցության հոսքի» ինքնավերլուծող (self-reflexive) և սուբյեկտիվ (Պրուստի մեթոդի), մյուս կողմից օբյեկտիվ պատումի («Նոր վեպի» և Ալեն Ռոբ Գրիյեի մեթոդի) համադրական լուծումներով:
The article touches upon the problems of using existential motifs, «stream of consciousness» techniques and tricks of the French «new novel» in the novel silence, hope, despair, escape from reality and alienation of an individual are repeated regularly in Vorbuni’s novel, conditioning the spiral nature of the plot, which the author himself talks about, referring to the author and theorist of the French «new novel» Alain Robb Grillet’s novels, showing that such a plot is based on the notion of a spiral development of time. Thus, the problem of time, that is, the issue of transmitting the past into the present or turning the subconscious into consciousness, which was the problem of Marcel Proust’s novels, becomes central in the novel «The Candidate», too, which is written, on one hand, on the basis of self-reflexive and subjective (Proust’s method) means of the «stream of consciousness» and , on the other hand, by putting forward comparative solutions of the objective narrative (the «new novel» and Alain Robb Griellet’s method).
В статье исследуются проблемы использования экзистенциальных мотивов, техники «потока сознания» и приемов французского «нового романа» в романе Зарега Ворбуни «Кандидат». Экзистенциальные мотивы отчуждения, заброшенности, молчания, надежды и отчаяния, бегства от реальности и отчуждения периодически повторяются, образуя спиралообразный сюжет, о котором говорит Ворбуни, ссылаясь на автора и теоретика «нового романа» Алена Роб-Грийе, показывая, что в основе такого сюжета лежит представление о спиральном развитии времени. И так, проблема выявления прошлого в настоящем и подсознания в сознание, которая была проблемой цикла романов Марселя Пруста, становится центральной и в романе Зарега Ворбуни, который написан в сочетании субьективного метода «потока сознания» (метод Пруста) с обьективным методом «нового романа».
Սուրբգրային բարոյաբանական գեղագիտությունը Նշան Պեշիկթաշլյանի վեպերում
Authors: Բալայան Նաիրա
Published: February 2023

Ֆրանսահայ անվանի գրող, երգիծաբան Նշան Պեշիկթաշլյանի որոշ վեպեր՝ քնարավեպ և հրաշավեպ անվանումով՝ (,Սիդոննաե, ,Ռապպիե, ,Մեղքի քարը (Կաաբա)ե քնարավեպերը, ,Լուլուտիե հրաշավեպը), բովանդակային ևենթաժանրային յուրահատուկ նորամուծություն են, ևառանձնանում են իմաստասիրական լրջմիտ խորհրդածություններով: Այս վեպերը բյուզանդական շրջանի պատմական իրողությունների հենք ունեն, նրանցում կան աստվածաշնչյան պատումների հետ նմանություններ, սուրբգրային ալյուզիաներ, խորհրդանշաններ, միֆական բազմաթիվ տարրեր ու արքետիպեր, որոնց օգնությամբ գրողը նոր, կենսափիլիսոփայական հայացքով է դիտարկել աստվածաշնչյան դեմքերն ու դեպքերը: Վեպերում ակնառու տեղ են գրավում հեղինակի՝ կրոնի և նրանից առթված իմաստաբանական քննաբանումները, քրիստոնեական պատգամներն ու դրանցից բխող բարոյաբանական հայեցակետերը: Սուրբգրային թեմաների գեղարվեստական այլաբանությամբ պատկերելով մարդու մեղսավոր արատները՝ սեռական կիրք, այլասերություն, ագահություն՝ Պեշիկթաշլյանը փորձել է գտնել մեղքերի մեջ թաղված մարդկության փրկության ճանապարհը:
Some of the famous French-Armenian writer, satirist Nshan Peshiktashlyan’s novels called lyrical novels (“Sidonna”, “Rappi”, “Stone of Sin (Kaaba)”) and a fiction novel (“Luluti”), are a unique innovation in terms of content and sub-genre; they stand out by their serious philosophical reflections.These novels are based on the historical realities of the Byzantine period, they have similarities with biblical stories, scriptural allusions, symbols, many mythical elements and archetypes, through which the writer observed biblical figures and events from a new, biophilosophical view.In the novels, a prominent place is occupied by the author’s semantic analysis of religion and its implications, Christian epistles and moral views that are arising from them. Peshiktashlyan tried to find a way to save mankind buried in sins by depicting the sinful vices of man - sexual passion, depravity, greed - with an artistic allegory on biblical themes.
Некоторые романы известного французского писателя армянского происхождения, сатирика Ншана Пешикташляна, называемые лирическими и фантастическими («Сидонна», «Раппи», «Камень греха (Кааба)», «Лулути»), в плане тематики и субжанра представляют собой уникальное новаторсво и отличаются существенными мудными размышлениями. Эти романы основаны на исторических реалиях византийского периода, в них есть сходства с библейскими сюжетами, нашли отражения библейские аллюзии, символы, множество мифических элементов и архетипов, с помощью которых писатель рассматривал библейские фигуры и события с новой, биофилософской точки зрения. В романах видное место занимают тема религии и вытекающие из нее семасиологические размышления автора, взгляды на христианские заповеди и нравоучения. Изобразив в форме художественной аллегории пороки человечества, а именно греховные страсти, прелюбодействие, жадность, Пешикташлян пытался найти пусть спасения человечества, погрязшего в грехах.
Րաֆֆին Թումանյանի հոգեվոր հարստացման համատեքստում
Authors: Հովհաննիսյան Սուսաննա
Published: February 2023

Հոդվածը ներկայացնում է Րաֆֆու դերը Թումանյանի կյանքում ևերկու գրողների անձնական ու ստեղծագործական առնչակցությունը։ Բանաստեղծի մտավոր զարգացման, հոգևոր հարստացման համար կարևոր նշանակություն է ունեցել ինչպես Րաֆֆու ստեղծագործությունը, այնպես էլ նրա հետ անձնական շփումները1885-1888թթ։ Թումանյանը բարձր է գնահատել մեծանուն գրողի դերը և՛ հայ վիպասանության մեջ, և՛ ժողովրդի ինքնագիտակցության բարձրացման գործում, թեև մերթընդմերթ նրա ստեղծագործությանը մոտեցել է քննադատաբար և ,ոչ հոգեբանական անթիվ տիպերե էր տեսել նրա վեպերում։ Որքան էլ Թումանյանը համամիտ չլիներ Րաֆֆու որոշ հերոսների արարքների հոգեբանական հիմնավորման հարցում, այնուամենայնիվ 19-րդ դարի հայ արձակի պատմության մեջ Խաչատուր Աբովյանից հետո Րաֆֆին էր՝ իր գրապատմական և ազգային -ազատագրական պատմության մեջ խաղացած դերով արժանացել Ամենայն հայոց բանաստեղծի հիացմունքին ու բարձր գնահատականին, դարձել նրա ամենից սիրված գրողներից մեկը։
The article presents the role of Raffi in the Tumanyan’ life and personal and creative touch of two writers. For intellectual development and spiritual enrichment of Tumanyan was important not only Raffi’s creativity, but also the personal relationship with him in the years 1885-1888. Tumanyan appreciated the role of an outstanding writer in the development of Armenian novel, as well as in enhancing the national identity of the Armenian people, although at times was approaching his works critically and seen in his novels “ a lot of not psychological characters”. And yet, no matter how Tumanyan did not agree with Raffi on the issue of psychological validity and credibility of actions and behavior of some of the characters, however, in the history of the Armenian prose of the 19th century it was Raffi who continued the traditions of KhachaturAbovyan and with his role in the history of Armenian literature, and the national liberation movement won the admiration and appreciation of the Poet of all Armenians, became one of his favorite writers.
Статья представляет роль Раффи в жизни Ованеса Туманяна и личные и творческие соприкосновения двух писателей. Для интеллектуального развития, духовного обогащения Туманяна важное значение имело не только творчество Раффи, но и личное общение с ним в 1885-1888 гг. Туманян высоко оценивал роль выдающегося писателя как в развитии армянской романистики, так и в повышении самосознания армянского народа, хотя временами подходил к его творчеству критически и видел в его романах «множество не психологических персонажей». И всё же, насколько бы Туманян не был согласен с Раффи в вопросе психологической обоснованности и убедительности поступков и поведения некоторых героев, тем не менее, в истории армянской прозы 19-го века именно Раффи был продолжателем традиций Хачатура Абовяна и своей ролью в истории армянской литературы и национально-освободительного движения удостоился восхищения и высокой оценки Поэта всех армян, стал одним из его самых любимых писателей.
Դավիթ Ալավկա որդին և նրա աղվան լինելը հերքող փաստարկները հայագիտության մեջ
Authors: Եղիազարյան Վանո
Published: February 2023

Սույն հոդվածի խնդրո առարկան Դավիթ Ալավկա որդու ազգության շուրջ ադրբեջանական գիտության մեջ ձևավորված անհիմն տեսության հերքումն է: Հոդվածի նպատակն է փաստերի հիման վրա գիտականորեն հիմնավորել Դավիթ Ալավկա որդու աղվան լինելու տեսության սնանկությունը, ինչով պայմանավորված է հոդվածի արդիականությունը: Մեր խնդիրն է գիտականորեն գնահատել ինչպես ադրբեջանական գիտության ներկայացրածը, այնպես էլ հայագիտության փաստարկները: Հոդվածում կիրառել ենք պատմական, արժեբանական (աքսիոլոգիական), մեկնաբանական (հերմենևտիկա) մեթոդները: Գիտական նորույթը Դավիթ Ալավկա որդու մասին նոր համակարգված փաստերով հայագիտության արդարացիությունը հիմնավորելն է:
The subject matter of the present article is the refutation of the groundless theory formed in Azerbaijanian science related to the nationality of David - son of Alavik. The main purpose of this article is to refute the Azerbaijanian unsubstantiated theory on the Aghvanian origin of David (based on reliable sources). The actuality of this research is conditioned by the presented facts. Our main task is to explain scientifically both Azerbaijanian presentation of the subject matter and sound arguments fixed in Armenology(Armenian Studies). In the paper we’ve used not only historical, but also axiological and hermeneutic methods of research. The scientific novelty of our investigation is to give reasons for the origin of David-son of Alavik based on new systematic facts and arguments in Armenology.
Предметом данной статьи является опровержение сформировавшейся в азербайджанской науке безосновательной теории о национальности сына Давида, сына Алавки. Цель статьи – научно обосновать несостоятельность теории об албанском происхождении Давида, сына Алавки – этим определяется и актуальность данного исследования. Наша задача – дать научную оценку как изложениям азербайджанской науки, так и представить аргументацию арменоведов. В статье использованы исторический, ценностный (аксиологический), интерпретативный (герменевтический) методы. Научная новизна состоит в обосновании истинности арменоведческой точки зрения, которая подкреплена новыми систематизированными фактами о Давиде, сыне Алавки.
Evaluating the Impact of Financial Literacy and Awareness to Acceptance and Attitude Towards Cryptocurrency of Filipino Millennials Workforce in the City of Makati
Authors: Magbitang John Paul , Caballero Michael , Bool Nelson
Published: February 2023

The emergence of virtual currencies in the name of cryptocurrency is a clear glimpse of what the future of finance can bring to the global economy. Along with the progressive digital transformations, cryptocurrency has started to penetrate and change traditional financial structures. The growing demand for these virtual currencies can be explained by the continuous acceptance of businesses and governments, with approximately 18,000 companies adopting cryptocurrencies as a mode of payment. The study determined the impact of financial literacy and awareness of acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrencies of the Filipino Millennials workforce in the city of Makati with perceived benefits and risks as mediating variables. Furthermore, the study employed the descriptive-correlational research design to illustrate the variables’ existing conditions and determine the relationships between them. This study employed descriptive-correlational design which is a combination of describing the current state of the phenomena and illustrating what is the existing condition of the variables in the given situation. The data were gathered from 435 Filipino Millennials with disposable income working in the City of Makati. The results of the study show that financial literacy has a positive significant influence on the acceptance of cryptocurrencies, but it has negative significant influence on attitude and on risk and benefits perception towards cryptocurrency. The results also imply that cryptocurrency awareness has a positive significant influence on acceptance, , and risk and benefits perception. Further, this study reveals that perceived risk and benefits perception has a positive significant influence on acceptance level, but it has no significant influence on attitude. Therefore, the study reveals that financial literacy and awareness have a significant impact on the acceptance and attitude towards cryptocurrency of Filipino millennials.
Sustaining Work-Life Balance of Teachers During the New Normal
Authors: Santiago Carlzaine R
Published: February 2023

This study explored the lived experiences of the public-school primary teachers and their ways in sustaining work-life balance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research employed a qualitative research design of phenomenology. The responses were analyzed following the steps of Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. The researcher thoroughly reviewed the transcripts of interviews and used a coding sheet in organizing the codes. The process was repetitively conducted and was evaluated by the researcher’s rater and adviser prior to finalizing the main themes relevant to the phenomenon under study. The following were the findings of the study: (1) There had been changes in the workload of teachers during this pandemic; these are: (a) additional workloads due to; instructional planning and preparation; feedbacking and monitoring system, attending webinars, and online meetings, (b) irregular working hours, (c) ICT Capabilities and (d) Internet/Wifi Access (2) The pandemic impacted teachers’ constructive experiences because they had opportunity to grow and learn and also it impacted their adverse experiences because it compromised family time and it made them feel stress and anxious. (3) Teachers are significantly challenged by overlapping of activities, limited gadgets and technology, evaluating learning outcomes, fear of acquiring the virus, and engaging pupils into active learning. (4) Teachers coping techniques or interventions prior to the difficulties and challenges are time management and prioritization, embracing changes, flexibility and adaptability, and employing break time. (5) The values and faith strengthened during this pandemic are resiliency, self-appreciation, nurturing spiritually and creativity.
Designing and Prioritizing Medical Equipment Replacement Strategies Using a Fuzzy MADM Model and the SWOT Matrix
Authors: VAJARI SOHEILA , ASL IRVAN , HAJINABI KAMRAN , RIAHI LEILA
Published: February 2023

Background: All countries need to consider the significance of medical equipment
in health and safety, and its significant effect on healthcare economics, medical
education, and research.
Methods: This study addressed designing a system of medical equipment
replacement using a hybrid SWOT-FANP approach, intends to increase the selfconfidence of decision-makers and owners of medical equipment and provide them
with adequate evidence and thereby, motivate the formulation of medical
equipment replacement strategies selected by the SWOT matrix and with the aid of
Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) for their prioritization. The teaching
hospitals of a province in Iran were selected as the case study. The applied hybrid
approach allows measuring the dependencies of the SWOT factors to consider them
in assigning a strategic weight and weights to sub-factors and changing the
prioritization of the alternative strategies.
Results: FANP analysis reveals that the strategy ??1 with the final weight of 0.15
is the most appropriate strategy of medical equipment replacement in the teaching
hospitals of Guilan province under the status quo. Also, the second and third
priorities of alternative strategies have been assigned to strategies ??1 and ??1
with the final weights of 0.144 and 0.134, respectively.
Barriers to the development of interrelationships between Iraq and Turkey in the years (2014 – 2020)
Authors: Awakalaey Xelan , Omer Issa Salih
Published: February 2023

National security has become a fundamental factor in Turkey's foreign policy Problems between the two countries. Therefore, grief has become an influential factor in the emergence of a number of problems between the two countries. Therefore, the research is based on this argument. In order to prove the research's grievances about the main question, the research is based on this argument.  In general, the problems of this reflect the nature of relations between Iraq and Turkey over a period of time. In general, the recent conflicts between Iraq and Turkey can be classified into three groups: First, the recent security problems between Iraq and Turkey can be divided into three groups: The first is the security problem, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security instability, which is an important part of the presence of PKK fighters in Iraq and the security deterioration of the region in general. The second is the lack of trust between the two countries in the region in general and inside Iraq in particular. These are some of the findings of the study and the crises in the region, especially in relation to the Arab Spring process. These are some of the findings of the study. We have received it.
Iraqi Neighbors’ Stance on Kurdish Independence Referendum of 2017: Iran and Turkey
Authors: Dara Hama Ameen Hoshang
Published: February 2023

This paper is to evaluate the stance of both Iran and Turkey on the independence referendum of the Iraqi Kurds, 2017. This has been done by reviewing several articles that have, partly, highlighted the stance of Iraqi neighboring countries on the issue. It is, therefore, a survey-like study to find out why and how these states were against the step. While the Kurdish attempt for independence was backed by several historical reasons and realistic opportunities, it faced failure. Iran and Turkey, as two Iraqi neighbors that have a considerable number of Kurdish populations inside their borders, played a crucial role in defeating the step. The point here is that, globally, while Western powers were against Iran’s behavior, agreed with it in facing the referendum. Besides, regionally, while Iran and Turkey had lots of issues regarding the Syrian crisis, they agreed on taking joint steps against the referendum. This means that the regional powers and the international community agreed on protecting Iraqi territorial integrity by violating the Kurdish right to self-determination. The fact is that Iran and Turkey’s fear of spillover effects of the referendum on their population was a realistic one, to an extent. However, the unaddressed question is that nulling the referendum did not solve the Kurdish dilemma in the Middle East. Additionally, the referendum has become another issue to challenge the new world order which, in theory, is based on international law and principles; and, in practice, it is based on the interest of great powers. The Kurdish issue, in both theory and practice, is a problematique one for the international community. Here, the conflict of interests is between the stateless nations who want to become independent and the current states who want to protect their territorial integrity.
Examining the Demographic Factors Influencing Malaysians’ Attitudes Toward Cash Waqf
Authors: MD SAPİR Ana Shakirah , NASYWA RUSLAN Ruviyasmeen , TARUSAN Siti Atilia Ahmad
Published: February 2023

This research paper investigates Malaysians' attitudes toward cash waqf contributions based on Ahmad Tarusan's research. To supplement the scant previous literature in this area of research, a survey questionnaire was administered to Malaysians regardless of gender, age, racial background, or study field. The questionnaires were developed and digitally circulated using convenience sampling techniques. The samples consisted of 107 Malaysians, and the data was analyzed using SPSS. This study was represented by Malay women majoring in Islamic Studies who are under 30 years old. However, mean statistics showed otherwise; Malay males tend to have a positive attitude toward cash waqf. This study implied that anyone could contribute and enjoy the benefits of waqf regardless of gender, age, race, and educational background; therefore, future research in Malaysia is required to expand their study to reach respondents from non-Muslim communities and those who are from secular backgrounds in understanding their attitude toward cash waqf. It is predicted that if Malaysians are convinced of the benefits of cash waqf and have a favorable attitude, the government and regulators will find it much simpler to implement through policy interventions. The research's findings will further enrich the existing literature on attitudes toward cash waqf, especially for the unique waqf development in Malaysia. It is because cash waqf in Malaysia may have been operated differently from the one during the Prophetic era.
Language Teachers’ Beliefs About Teaching the Present Perfect Tense
Authors: Alnujiadi Alanoud , Assalahi Hussein
Published: February 2023

The growing body of teachers’ cognition research suggests that language teachers’ decisions about grammar teaching are influenced by what they know, think, and believe. While previous research highlights that learning the present perfect tense is challenging for foreign language learners, little research discussed teachers’ beliefs about how these challenges are addressed in language classrooms. To bridge this gap and contribute more broadly to teacher cognition research, this study sought to explore teachers’ beliefs about teaching the simple present perfect tense to foundation year students at an English language center at a University in Saudi Arabia. The basic qualitative research design was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 teachers of English as a foreign language. The findings suggest that teachers had positive views about the value of teaching present perfect tense which were rooted in their apprentice of observation, pedagogical content knowledge and the textbooks. They viewed grammar as an integral component of language learning and perceived teaching grammar implicitly as an ideal approach to enhance language proficiency. However, their reported practices reflected conflicting explicit grammar teaching approach. The reported challenges to implicit grammar teaching were the learners’ proficiency levels, lack of an equivalent grammatical structure in learners’ native language, contrastive analysis, and translation. It was suggested that teachers’ decisions about teaching the present perfect tense were driven by focus-on-form rather than focus on forms approach. The implications for teaching the present perfect tense are discussed and recommendations for future grammar teaching research are highlighted.
“The problems of our own making… born from the sins within the Church” A Reading of Benedict XVI’s Admission of the Crisis of the Church’s Corporate Identity
Authors: Cartagenas Aloysius
Published: February 2023

No less than Pope Benedict XVI has admitted of “sins born from within the Church” that “we see today in a truly terrifying way.” A theological-ethical reading of such sins would uncover at least three unresolved issues, namely: the wide gap between Church teachings and its laws, the conflicting accounts of authority in the Church, and the hegemony of the clerical ethos. Further analysis would show that the roots of such issues go down deep into the “ways of being church” that we have inherited from the pre-Vatican II era. The current crisis could not be transformed into a kairos by a mere restoration of such ways. In fact, it would only make the Church’s present sins more terrifying than they now are. What is at stake is the future of our corporate identity as the body of Christ in a world very different from ages past. And much would depend on how the whole church, particularly the episcopal college, would make innovative institutional and systemic changes commensurate to the papal admission of guilt and according to the vision of renewal set forth by the Second Vatican Council.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROGRAM PROGRAM TOWARDS PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS AT POLYTECHNIC APP USING THE EPIC MODEL
Authors: Batubara Faisal H.
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to Know the Effectiveness of Promotion Program Against Prospective Students at Polytechnic APP. Methods of data collection by interview and questioner survey, data analysis conducted by using EPIC Model method. EPIC Model is used to analyze the impact of communication in promotion. This method was discovered by AC research and research institute. Nielsen, and consists of four complementary dimensions of empathy, persuasion, impact and communication. The population used is prospective students who register and who has become a new student POLITEKNIK APP Jakarta. The sampling technique used by the writer is Simple Random Sampling by giving opportunity to all representing school population who have got promotion from APP Polytechnic, through event of stand edufair, presentation, internet (APP website) and print promo media. The results of the research are as follows: The effectiveness of APP-Jakarta Polytechnics promotion program calculated in the EPIC Model consisting of Empathic Dimension (3.89 = Effective), Persuasion Dimension (4.05 = Effective), Dimensional Impact (3.76 = Effective) and Communication Dimensions (3.94 = Effective) resulted in that the promotion program undertaken by APP-Jakarta Polytechnic has been effectively stated in EPIC RATE that is 3.91 because it is in the effective scale range. Various kinds of promotions APP-Jakarta Polytechnic run, online promotion is the most effective than offline promotion because according to promotion team, target market APP-Jakarta Polytechnic know about APP-Jakarta Polytechnic through searching in google and fill out catalog request at web Polytechnic APP-Jakarta to get more information. So it can be concluded that how the internet is very easy for someone in obtaining information abaut APP-Jakarta Polytechnicto be more fast and efficient.
Prevalence And Outcomes Of Eclampsia At Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe, Nigeria
Authors:   Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State Specialist Hospital, Gombe., Muhammad Sagir , El-Nafaty Aliyu Usman , Garba Mohammed Buwa , Kullima Abubakar Ali
Published: February 2023

Background: Eclampsia is a major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. A periodic review of the prevalence and outcome of eclampsia in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe (FTHG) is needed to serve as a regular clinical audit with a view to improving patient care. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence, maternal and perinatal outcomes of eclampsia at Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe (FTHG). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective review of women managed with Eclampsia between 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2014. The case notes of the patients were obtained, and the information obtained was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20. Information extracted included sociodemographic data and fetal and maternal outcomes. Results were represented as frequencies and percentages. Result: There were 5662 deliveries within the study period and 89 cases of Eclampsia giving a prevalence of 1.57%. The disease was most prevalent in teenagers (47.0%). Emergency caesarean section was used to deliver 31.3% of the women while 67.5% had vaginal delivery. Majority of the patients (85.5%) had an uneventful recovery and 14.5% (12) had one or more complications. There were two (2) maternal deaths, giving a case fatality of 2.4% and both occurred in patients with aspiration pneumonitis. Other maternal complications were 3.6% each had HELLP syndrome and PPH, 2.4% had renal failure and 1.2% each had Pulmonary edema and temporary loss of vision. Twenty-five (30.1%) had perinatal complications. Among them, 16.9% 14.5%, 13.3% and 9.6% suffered IUFD, low birth weight, prematurity and birth asphyxia, respectively. Seventeen (20.5%) babies had perinatal mortality. Conclusion: The prevalence of eclampsia is still high in Gombe and contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality. The disease is common among teenagers with case fatality of 2.4%.
Puretone Hearing Threshold Of Patients With Sickle Cell Disease In Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Sambo Umaru Grema , Abubakar Adamu , Farouk Abubakar Garba , Usman Bello Buba , Kirfi Abdullahi Musa , Kodiya Aliyu Mohammed
Published: February 2023

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterised by the vaso-occlusive crisis, which can cause progressive cochlea damage resulting in hearing loss. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and establish the hearing threshold of patients with sickle cell disease at the study centre. Methods: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study on participants with sickle cell disease and normal controls between 5-50 years of age. Otolaryngological examination and Pure tone audiometry were carried out on all participants in a soundproof booth at the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna. The Sickle cell patients were randomly selected from the Sickle cell patient promotion centre Kaduna and Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital Kaduna. The collated data were analysed descriptively with the Statistical Package of Social Sciences. (SPSS version 25). Result: Sixty-two subjects with Sickle cell disease and 62 with normal (HbAA) controls were assessed. The ages of subjects ranged between 6-41 years, while the HbAA was 5–49 years, with mean ages of 14.8 ± 8.1 years for SCD and 20.8 ± 13.3 years for HbAA controls. The mean Puretone threshold of the adult with SCD in the right and left ears were 25.5dB and 25.15dB, while that of Paediatrics with SCD were 21.5dB and 21.4dB, respectively, and it is consistently higher in those with SCD than the controls but the difference was not statistically significant. The prevalence of hearing loss in SCD was 30.6% and 16.1% in the control group (χ2=3.65 and P=0.056). The prevalence of hearing loss in those <15 years was 27%, and in those ≥15 years was 36% in the subjects with HbSS/HbSC. Among those with hearing losses, the majority had mild SNHL (89.7%) in the HbSS/HBSc and 94.4% in the HbAA group. Also, ten patients had bilateral affectation in HbSS/HbSC group compared to eight in the HbAA (χ2=3.94, P=0.021). Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss in patients with SCD is 30.6% and it is higher in those ≥15 years. Many cases are asymptomatic, hence the need for SCD patients in our environment to have their hearing checked regularly.
Effects of hydrothermal pretreatment on methane potential of anaerobic digestion sludge cake of cattle manure containing sawdust as bedding materials
Authors: Lee Jun-Hyeong , Kim Chang-Hyun , Yoon Young-Man
Published: February 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the hydrothermal pretreat-ment of anaerobic digestion sludge cake (ADSC) of cattle manure on the solubilization of organic matter and the methane yield to improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of cattle manure collected from the sawdust pens of cattle.Methods: Anaerobic digestion sludge cake of cattle manure was thermally pretreated at 160°C, 180°C, 200°C, and 220°C by a hydrothermal pressure reactor, and the biochemical methane potential of ADSC hydrolysate was analyzed. Methane yield recovered by the hydrothermal pretreatment of ADCS was estimated based on mass balance.Results: The chemical oxygen demand solubilization degree (CODs) of the hydrothermal hydrolysate increased to 63.56%, 67.13%, 70.07%, and 66.14% at the hydrothermal reaction temperatures of 160°C, 180°C, 200°C, and 220°C, respectively. Considering the volatile solids content obtained after the hydrothermal pretreatment, the methane of 10.2 Nm3/ton-ADSC was recovered from ADSC of 1.0 ton, and methane yields of ADSC hydrolysate increased to 15.6, 18.0, 17.4, and 17.2 Nm3/ton-ADSC.Conclusion: Therefore, the optimal hydrothermal reaction temperature that yielded the maximum methane yield was 180°C based on mass balance, and the methane yield from cattle manure containing sawdust was improved by the hydrothermal pretreatment of ADSC.
Twelve-oxoeicosatetraenoic acid-induced fetal membrane release improves postpartum ovarian function, milk production, and blood plasma biochemical parameters in cows
Authors: Kamada Hachiro , Matsui Yoshitaka
Published: February 2023

Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of 12-oxoeicosatetraenoic acid (12-KETE)-induced placenta release on the performance of mother cows (milk yield, ovarian function, and blood plasma biochemical properties).Methods: Experimental treatments were as follows: i) natural delivery including natural placental release (control cows); ii) induced calf delivery with placental retention (RP cows); and iii) induced calf delivery and 12-KETE-induced placental release (KE cows). Delivery in pregnant KE cows was induced with dexamethasone and prostaglandin. These cows were injected with 12-KETE after calf discharge, resulting in the release of the fetal placenta. RP cows were not treated with 12-KETE after inducing delivery, resulting in placental retention.Results: The milk yield in RP cows during the first 50 days after delivery was significantly lower than that in control cows (p<0.05), whereas KE cows exhibited a similar milk yield to that of control cows. The postpartum plasma progesterone levels of control cows increased 14 days after delivery on average; however, its increase was delayed by 10 days in RP cows. Meanwhile, the 12-KETE treatment (KE cows) brought the timing of progesterone increase forward to the normal level (control cows). Among the 20 biochemical parameters examined, the total cholesterol levels in blood plasma 14 days after delivery were lower in RP cows than that in the other two treatment groups (control cows and KE cows) (p<0.05). In addition, the plasma level of haptoglobin tended to be low in cows that discharged their placentas shortly after delivery.Conclusion: These findings indicate that 12-KETE treatment can alleviate the disorder caused by placental retention.
Evaluation of the physicochemical, metabolomic, and sensory characteristics of Chikso and Hanwoo beef during wet aging
Authors: Lee Dongheon , Kim Hye-Jin , Ismail Azfar , Kim Sung-Su , Yim Dong-Gyun , Jo Cheorun
Published: February 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical, metabolomic, and sensory qualities of Chikso and Hanwoo beef during 28 days of wet aging.Methods: Rump and loins from Hanwoo and Chikso were obtained and wet-aged for 28 days at 4°C. The samples were collected at 7-day interval (n = 3 for each period). Physicochemical qualities including pH, meat color, shear force value, and myofibrillar fragmentation index, metabolomic profiles, and sensory attributes (volatile organic compounds and relative taste intensities) were measured.Results: Chikso showed a significantly higher shear force value than Hanwoo on day 0; however, no differences between breeds were found after day 14, regardless of the cuts. Overall, Chikso had more abundant metabolites than Hanwoo, especially L-carnitine and tyrosine. Among the volatiles, the ketone ratio was higher in the Chikso rump than the Hanwoo rump; however, Chikso had fewer alcohols and aldehydes than Hanwoo. Chikso rump showed higher taste intensities than the Hanwoo rump on day 0, and sourness decreased in Chikso, but increased in the Hanwoo rump on day 14. Wet aging for 14 days intensified the taste of Chikso loin but reduced the umami intensity of Hanwoo loin.Conclusion: Chikso had different metabolomic and sensory characteristics compared to Hanwoo cattle, and 14 days of wet aging could improve its tenderness and flavor traits.
Drobeta Turnu Severin Heavy Water Plant: Functioning and Shutting Down
Authors:   Multimedia SRL, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: February 2023

Due to the special working conditions in the heavy water plant, an extensive research and program has been developed for the operational safety of the installations, based on specific action methodologies and in situ experimental programs for the evaluation of the long-term behavior of materials and installations. After December 1989, the operation of the modules was stopped for about three years, for the modernization of the technological equipment and the surveillance and environmental protection systems. In September 2015, the production of heavy water was stopped and the plant staff was laid off.
A Qualitative Review on Halal Tourism
Authors: Nurul Izza Nadia , Slamet Rusydiana Aam , Avedta Sherrindra
Published: February 2023

According to the Global Muslim Travel Index report, the market share of Muslim travelers is increasing. It is expected to increase to USD 220 billion by 2020 and is expected to increase by USD 80 billion to USD 300 billion by 2026. The Muslim consumer market has been recognized as another important segment for cross-sectoral businesses. With this increasing interest, researchers are starting to focus on halal tourism. This study aims to identify and map research related to the development of halal tourism in the world of research for the last 14 years, from 2009 to 2022. The method used is a qualitative analysis of secondary data in the form of metadata from 287 Scopus-indexed publications, then processed using NVivo software. 12 Plus. The results of the study show that the number of publications on the development of halal tourism continues to increase. From the results of the exploration and visualization review of the halal tourism pattern, it was found that there are 4 research lines related to this topic including satisfaction with halal tourism, the role of government policies in halal tourism, innovative business opportunities for the halal tourism industry, the Muslim tourism market sector and players in the halal tourism sector. In addition, this study found that the halal tourism management system was still poorly organized. Therefore, the contribution of this research is very important for tourism operators, managers, and marketers of tourism destinations who have direct and indirect leadership in improving the halal tourism management system.
How Far Has Halal Travel Been Studied?
Authors: Nekha Aviyu , Ratna Kartikawati Dwi
Published: February 2023

The increasing growth of the Muslim population, followed by increasing religiosity, has led to a rising desire to travel with halal tourism. Not only are Muslim-majority countries aware of this, but non-Muslim countries are also interested in developing this market. This research aims to see the development of Halal Travel research worldwide published by journals with this theme. This study used a qualitative method with a bibliometric analysis approach. The data used is secondary data with the theme of Islamic halal travel originating from the Scopus database for 2011-2023. Then, the data is processed and analyzed using the VosViewer application to know the bibliometric map of the development of Halal Travel research worldwide. The study found six clusters related to Halal Travels: challenge in halal travel, halal travel in general, application Islamic value in halal travel, halal travel index, halal food in non-muslim country, and Intention and relationship muslim millennial for halal travel. The authors with the most published articles are Han H, Al-Ansi A, Rahman M. K, and Oktadiana H. The three keywords that appear the most are tourism, muslim tourist, and tourist. The author's affiliation is the university with the most publications dominated by Sejong University, UTM, and UPM. And countries with the most publications related to related studies are Malaysia, Indonesia, and South Korea.
As mulheres no mercado de trabalho: olhares a partir da gestão da diversidade
Authors: Torres Tainara Ferreira , Gomes Filho Antoniel dos Santos
Published: February 2023

As organizações diante de um novo cenário de mudanças sociais vêm buscando implementar e consolidar práticas de gestão da diversidade, assim observa-se uma maior contratação de mulheres, negros, indígenas, LGBTQIA+, pessoas com deficiência, além de outros grupos minoritários. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma discussão sobre as mulheres no mercado de trabalho na atualidade, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Metodologicamente o estudo é de natureza básica, com abordagem qualitativa, exploratório em relação aos seus objetivos, sendo um estudo bibliográfico no que tange os procedimentos. Frente a pesquisa pode-se destacar que as mulheres historicamente vêm lutando por seus direitos sociais, em especial pelo direito ao trabalho. Considera-se que o debate sobre a diversidade, que inclui as mulheres, vem sendo inserido nas organizações e no mercado de trabalho. As organizações modernas estão introduzidas em um ambiente extremamente competitivo e diverso, desta forma a sociedade e as organizações necessitam de políticas direcionadas para o combate ao preconceito e discriminação, e também para inclusão social e através da gestão da diversidade.
The Effect of Femtosecond Laser Pulse Irradiation on the Properties of Advanced Medical Grade PDMS Polymer
Authors: Yankov Georgi , Stankova Nadya , Iordanova Ekaterina
Published: February 2023

The study investigates the effect of the femtosecond laser pulse irradiation on the modification and activation effects of medical-grade polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer. The motivation of the research is based on the continuous interest and variety of applications of the PDMS material in medicine and implantable neural interface devices. The PDMS is the preferred material due to its exceptional properties such as high biocompatibility and biostability, mechanical flexibility and stability, optical transparency from UV to near IR spectral region, and cost-effectiveness. The experimental investigation is performed by a femtosecond laser system with a pulse duration of 35 fs operating at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. Consistent sets of measurements are performed to analyze and characterize the effect of the laser beam parameters on the optical absorption, and surface morphology concerning the laser-treated zones. The morphology and the optical properties of the PDMS are investigated to activate its surface for successful metallization of the modified tracks. The reported findings and observations specify favourable results of the implementation of the ultrafast laser-based method for micro- or nano-processing of optically transparent biopolymers for interface devices in bioengineering technologies such as neural implants and interface applications.
Forest Habitats and Vegetation of Dragoman Municipality, Western Bulgaria
Authors: Grigorov Borislav , Velev Nikolay , Assenov Assen , Nazarov Momchil , Gramatikov Mladen , Genova Beloslava , Vassilev Kiril
Published: February 2023

The study is focused on the investigation of the forest habitats and the vegetation of Dragoman municipality, located in western Bulgaria. Following the Braun-Blanquet approach, 212 relev´es were collected in 2019 and 1054 field points were verified, as well. As a result, eight forest habitat types included in Directive 92/43/EEC were identified. They cover 85.96 km2 or 26.5% of the total area and are located mainly in the northern, western and southern parts of the municipality. Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak–sessile oak forests (91M0) build up the vastest areas, followed by *Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens (91H0), covering 67.2% and 12.97% of the territory, respectively.