bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF THE SPEED (TIME) OF THE CENTRAL PROCESSING OF INFORMATION BY THE HIGHER PARTS OF BRAIN IN HUMANS WITH THE DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL-TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY
Authors: Yukhimenko Lilia
Published: September 2016

The speed (time) of the central processing of information (SCPI) by the higher parts of brain and electric activity of the cerebral cortex were studied using the method of electroencephalography (EEG) in humans with the different individual-typological features of the higher nervous activity – functional mobility of the nervous processes (FMNP).
The statistically important differences of indices of the complicated sensorimotor reactions of differentiation, SCPI and EEG powers between the groups of examined were established. The persons with the high FMNP level were characterized with the reliably higher CPI speed and power of α-rhythm of the convexital surface of the cerebral cortex, especially right hemisphere and β-rhythm of EEG (р≤0,001) comparing with examined persons with the mean and low FMNP levels. The correlative analysis proved the reliability of the connections between FMNP, SCPI and EEG characteristics. We think that the established EEG-correlates of the central processing of information by the higher parts of brain increase the predictability of analysis of typological features of the higher nervous activity and can be useful in the field of professional orientation and selection and also in psychodiagnostics of neurological disorders.
POLYMORPHISMS OF DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES CYP1A2, CYP2D6, GST, NAT2 AND TRANSPORTER MDR1 IN POPULATION OF BELARUS: COMPARISON WITH SELECTED EUROPEAN AND ASIAN POPULATIONS
Authors: Mikhalenka Alena , Chebotareva Natalia , Krupnova Evelina , Shchayuk Anna , Chakava Natalia , Niyazava Svetlana
Published: September 2016

Drug therapeutic efficiency and development of unfavorable pharmacologic responses as well as the disease predisposition are caused first of all by patient’s genetic features. Genetic variations in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins are essential to understand the ethnic differences in disease occurrence, development, prognosis, therapeutic response and toxicity of drugs. For that reason, it is necessary to establish the normative frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of these genes in a particular population. Data on frequency of pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in the of Belarus population are limited. The goal of our investigation was to analyze the frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1А2, CYP2D6 – I phase; GSTs, NAT2 – II phase) and transporter protein MDR1 in the population of Belarus and comparisons with other ethnic populations. Our results indicate that clinically important genes are genetically highly variable and differ considerably between populations. Differences in allele frequencies across continents should be considered when designing clinical trials of new drugs continents should be considered when designing clinical trials of new drugs.
ASSESSMENT OF COLOR OF MEAT USING THE METHOD OF COMPUTER COLORIMETRY
Authors: Petrusha Oksana , Niemirich Alexandra
Published: September 2016

In the article is considered a possibility to use the accessible modern digital technique: flatbet scanners, digital photocameras and web-cameras for determination of color of foodstuff.

The offered method allows get the digital image of studied sample and count information about the values of color coordinates of its every pixel that characterizes the color of meat half-finished product such as meat powder. The assessment of this raw material was carried out in dry and restored state.

At measurement of color coordinates of the meat powders in native state there was determined the method of sample preparation for getting the mean value of color with the least standard deviation ~ 20 %. Thus, according to the studies, the sample of dry meat half-finished product must be reduced to fragments less than 0,2 mm.

Availability of this method allows use it for assessment of the quality of dry meat half-finished products according to color parameter.
THE STUDY OF PRODUCTION REGIMES AND QUALITY PARAMETERS OF EXTRUDED FEED ADDITIVE BASED ON CORN SEED AND SUBSTANDARD EGG MASS
Authors: Iegorov Bogdan , Vorona Nina , Makarynska Alla , Voietska Olena , Bordun Tatiana
Published: September 2016

On the base of practical studies were established the rational parameters of technological processes of production of extruded feed additive. There was determined an expedience of mixture of substandard chicken egg mass and the crushed corn seed in two stages in frame (during 18 s) and blade (during 120…180 s) mixers. There were determined the optimal regimes of mixture extruding: pressure in working zone of extruder 2…3 mPa, consumed force of electric motor 4,0…4,5 kW, temperature on outcome of extruder 110…120 ºС, duration of process 60…120 s, diameter of matrix port 10 mm.

There were given the results of study of parameters of quality and nutritive value of extruded feed additive. It was established, that in the process of extruding the quality parameters of food additive are improved at the expense of dextrinization and gelatinization of starch, decrease of bacterial and fungal pollution, disinfection of product.

There was proved a possibility to solve problem of utilization of defective eggs at feeding poultry.
THE NEW METHOD OF PROCESSING OF CAROTENE-CONTAINING VEGETABLES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NANOPRODUCTS USING COMBI-STEAMERS AND FINE-DISPERSED COMMINUTION
Authors: Pavlyuk Raisa , Pogarska Viktoriya , Radchenko Ludmila , Roman David Tauber , Timofeyeva Nadiya , Kotuyk Тatyana
Published: September 2016

The aim of the work is elaboration of the principally new method of deep processing of carotene-containing vegetables (CCV). For attaining this aim was used the complex effect of steam-thermal processing and fine-dispersed comminution for preservation and extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material and getting products of nanosized form. There was also used the new generation of equipment: combi-steamer and dine-dispersed comminutor.

There was elaborated the new method of deep processing, alternative to cryogenic one. This method is based on the complex effect of steam-thermal processing and fine-disperse comminution using the modern equipment (combi-steamer and fine-dispersed comminutor) that is used at enterprises of restaurant business. This method allows use biological potential of the raw material more fully (2…3 times more) and get the foodstuff in nanoform.

It was shown, that at steam-thermal processing of vegetables (carrot, pumpkin) in combi-steam antioxidant enzymatic processes flow with less intensity (3…4times less) than at blanching.

It was established, that at the steam-thermal processing in combi-steamer in 10 minutes in carotene-containing vegetables takes place not only conservation of β-carotene but also increase of its mass fraction in 2…2,5 times (comparing with initial raw material). Mechanism of this process is connected with fact that carotenoids are transformed from the hidden state (frms associated with biopolymers) into free form that is fixed by chemical methods.

It was also established, that after steam-thermal processing and fine-dispersed comminution of carotene-containing vegetables at preparation of puree takes place the significant increase of extraction of ascorbic acid and β-carotene comparing with initial raw material that is for pumpkin 2 and 3 times more and for carrot 1,7 and 2,5 times more, respectively.

It was established, that complex use of the new equipment at steam-thermal processing of vegetable raw material in combi-steamer with fine-dispersed comminution gives a possibility to get puree, which quality is approximated to the one of puree, received using cryogenic processing of product (especially, by the content of β-carotene and other biologically active substances (BAS).
THE STUDY OF MAIN PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF CHAENOMELES AND PRODUCTS OF ITS PROCESSING
Authors: Khomych Galyna , Horobetc Aleksandra , Levchenko Yuliia , Boroday Anzhela , Ishchenko Nataliia
Published: September 2016

In the article were considered the topical problems, connected with health worsening and human existence. The use of vegetable raw material as a source of biologically active components is prospective in production foodstuff. There were offered the rational methods of processing of chaenomeles for getting juice and puree. There were carried out an analysis of expedience of using chaenomeles and products of its processing for enrichment foodstuff. It was established, that maximal amount of phenol substances is contained in fruit peel and L-ascorbic acid - in flesh. It was determined, that apple acid prevails among organic ones, fructose - among sugars and phenol substances are mainly presented by procyanidins. Using chromotographic analysis in the products of chaenomeles processing were identified 48 names of aromatic compounds, alcohols, acids, ethers and unsaturated carbohydrates prevail among them. There were studied the physical-chemical parameters of fruit sauces and flour products with addition of chaenomeles processing products. The received results prove that the ready foodstuff that contain puree and juice of chaemomeles have the high organoleptic, physical-chemical parameters and also heightened biological value.
Acute Leukemias: Immunophenotypic Differences between Blast Cells and Their Nonneoplastic Analogues in Bone Marrow
Authors: Popov Aleksandr Mikhailovich , Verzhbitskaya T.Yu. , Fechina L.G. , Shestopalov A.V. , Plyasunova S.A.
Published: September 2016

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of bone marrow tumor blasts is one of the principal methods used for acute leukemia (AL) diagnosing. Normal lymphopoietic and myelopoietic progenitors have very similar antigenic profile with leukemic cells, thus, making the AL diagnosing more difficult. Genetic disorders resulting in formation of a tumor clone contribute to development of an immunophenotype that differs from normal cells. Aberrant expression of markers detected in AL blast cells alone forms a so-called leukemia-associated immunophenotype. The leukemia-associated immunophenotype detection by multicolor flow cytometry permits distinguishing between normal and neoplastic cells. This requires simultaneous assessment of many markers on the same cells, which is possible only if multicolor flow cytometry with well-designed and well-established antibodies panels is used. Moreover, correct interpretation of the cell population location on dot plot requires adequate cytometer setup, standardized sample preparation and enough experienced personnel. That is why correct immunophenotyping is often possible only in large laboratories performing reference immunophenotyping within the frames of multicenter trials.
Spatio-Temporal Variation Study of Physico -Chemical Parameters Characterizing Water Quality of Oued M’zab Region, Algeria
Authors: Amer Zohra Baba , Saha Zineb Ben , Hazzab Abdelkrim
Published: September 2016

This work involves the study of hydrological characteristics of the groundwater of Oued M'zab, due to the domestic, agricultural, and industrial pollution. The different sampling points are located upstream and downstream of the river. Water samples of groundwater were taken monthly at stations spread over the flow of the river. The wells are distributed throughout the course of the flow of the river. The measured hydrological parameters (temperature, salinity, suspended particles) showed significant monthly variations with a high concentration of total suspended solids which reached 71.72 mg \ l. The same results indicate that the groundwater is rich in minerals and nutritious elements while on the set of sampled points only salinity showed significant variations. The maximum value of the sulphate with a concentration of approximately 2597mg \ l. The chlorides and sodium concentrations reach respectively the values of 1633 mg \ l and 1970 mg \ l. This indicates that the infiltration of water of M'zab contains several pollutants contributing to the degradation of the quality of groundwater, Hence the need for preventive measures, conservative and prospects to preserve our layer from pollution.
Examining the effects of behavioral biases of investors on Tehran Stock Exchange efficiency using trends and consistency in firms’ financial performance during 1997-2006
Authors: Gholami Bahman , Rahmati Darush , Goudarzi Mehdi
Published: September 2016

The present study investigates the effects of behavioral biases on the efficiency of Tehran stock exchange. In fact, these biases are the mistakes that individuals make while making financial decisions. The methodology of this research is that firms with financial information during 1997 to 2006 that have also been active on the stock exchange have been classified based on two criterions of operating profit/per share and earnings per share, then, the return of these firms was calculated in the first period and compared to their return in the second period. Therefore, it will be clear that the companies’ financial performance trend has been effective on the behavioral biases of investors and consequently on their extreme reactions towards the published information. Therefore, the process of the stock return changes can be predicted in the coming period. As a result, this hypothesis is an evidence of market inefficiency and predictability of financial behavioral theories. On the other hand, this research does not offer sufficient and strong evidences on the effect of consistency in the financial performance process and also the presence of compatible and incompatible signs in companies’ financial performance on the market predictability. Thus, in this case, it is not possible to admit the effect of behavioral biases on the predictability and thus market efficiency.
Keywords: behavioral finance, financial performance, behavioral bias, representation, conservatism. JEL Classification: G02, G23, M41
The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and market orientation in organizations (case study: Agricultural Jihad Organization of Mazandaran Province)
Authors: Sadeghi Ghasem , Ahmadi Masoud , Taghvaee Yazdi Maryam
Published: September 2016

The main purpose of this study is analyzing the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and market orientation. This study is an applied research in terms of the purpose based on a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population included all employees of Agricultural Jihad Organization of Mazandaran province consisting of 1923 persons. 391 people (male and female) were selected using random stratified sample. Data were collected through two standard questionnaires: Podsakoff’s (2003) organizational citizenship behavior and Kohli, Jaworski, Narver, and Slater’s (1990) market orientation. Validity of questionnaires was confirmed by experts and reliability of them was confirmed using Cronbach’s coefficient alphabet. Cronbach’s alpha for the organizational citizenship behavior and market orientation was calculated by 0.80 and 0.91. Components of organizational citizenship behavior included civic virtue, altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, and courtesy. Components of market orientation included customer orientation, competitor orientation, and intra-functional coordination. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS software. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and market orientation in organizations.
Keywords: organizational citizenship behavior, market orientation, employees, Agricultural Jihad, Mazandaran Province. JEL Classification: D23, M10, M12, M31
Investigating the effective factors on changing auditor: evidences of Iranian firms
Authors: Kamal Gharibi Alireza , Safari Geraeely Mehdi
Published: September 2016

This research will investigate the effective factors on changing auditor. Variables such as company size, audit opinions, audit reporting delay and auditing firm reputation are considered as effective factors on changing auditor. By selecting a sample which consists of 96 listed companies in Tehran’s stock exchange during 2010 to 2014 and applying multi-variable regression and econometric models, the results of research shows there is a significant positive relationship among company size, auditor opinion and auditing reporting delay and changing auditor, but there isn’t any significant relationship between auditing firm reputation and changing auditor. The findings of this research can fill the researches gap which are performed in this field and can provide accounting information for investors to make decision about stock exchange organization and other stockholders.
Keywords: company size, auditor opinion, auditing report delay, auditing firm reputation, changing auditor. JEL Classification: M41, M42
To identify and review the effective factors of attracting and retaining professional physicians in management of social security of Tehran province and ITS subordinate units
Authors: Varan Ramin , Rostami Maryam
Published: September 2016

The importance of human resource cannot be ignored in today’s global and complicated environment. The importance of human resource management and especially, human resource talent management, would appear in a point that, in the new economy, the important resource for economy, is knowledge and, in this current era, human resource knowledge is a competitive advantage and in among other manufacturing factors is as an important factor and also invisible organizational assets that, in organizational structures and process would, apply and make possible the situation to innovation. Regarding to this situations, attracting and retaining human resources in organizations are facing to its complicities and challenges, without focusing on the effective factors on it and also non-recognition, human resource management project would face with failure undoubtedly. Secondary data were collected via library study and with using of the questionnaire made by the researcher and, then, the basic information research was collected that validity and variables was verified formally and also the questionnaire reliability with a pre- testing by using of Cronbach’s Alpha test that was equal with 0.89 was verified. Statistical Society is the all professional physicians in the management of Social Security of Tehran province and its subordinate units and based on Morgan Krejcie table in 95 percent confidence level, between 1272 persons in the mentioned statistical society, 259 persons were selected as sample research. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics are used. Friedman test is used for ratings research’s variables by helping SPSS software. The results reveal that about 50% of female responders and the rest of that were males and over 85% of responders were physicians and about 75% of responders were having a professional PHD degree and the rest of them were having a master degree and about 61% were having job’s history who were over 20 years old.
Keywords: attracting and retaining, organizational talents, talent management, human resource management, professional physicians, management of remedy social security. JEL Classification: M12. M55, O15
The method of stock selection with the intention of portfolio formation
Authors: Biglari Bahram , Nazaripour Mohammad
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this study is comparing the method of selecting and forming portfolios. The methods are Capital Assets Pricing Model, Fama and French Model and Excess return model. The methods are transacted in four steps: expected return estimation, stock valuation, selecting portfolios and estimating all kinds of portfolios’ returns and risk. In the point of forming portfolios, the decision variables were estimated to compare the methods. There are two questions: are the portfolio forming methods significant at Tehran Security Exchange? And, are there significant differences between methods with the view of generating Expected Rate of Return, Real Return, Risk, Differential Extents of market return and risk-free return? Multivariate Regression, One Way ANOVA and Correlations Tests are used to analyze and test models. The research finding shows that the models have the ability to perform significantly in Tehran Security Exchange. The models were significantly different in five important measures. They are risk, the future actual return, expected return in short and long terms. Finally, it was evidenced that not only there are significant differences between the three models, but also Excess return method was more efficient than the other models.
Keywords: expected return, intrinsic value, book value, market value, firms’ size. JEL Classification: D46, G12, G14, G30, G32
Genomic analysis of an atypical Mexican low-pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus
Authors: Steffani-Hernández Giovanni , Chávez-Maya Fernando , Rojas-Anaya Edith , Loza-Rubio Elizabeth , García-Espinosa Gary
Published: September 2016

We analysed the genome of a low-pathogenic avian H5N2 influenza virus isolated from the faeces of experimentally infected Pekin ducks and Leghorn-type chickens to determine its origin and molecular characteristics. The complete genomic sequence was determined using a Sanger-based genome sequencing method and was subsequently characterized by phylogenetic analysis and genetic comparison. The results of this study showed that 8 genomic segments corresponded to an avian influenza virus that were related with strains isolated in Mexico. Investigation of the haemagglutinin gene revealed the presence of few basic amino acids at the cleavage site and lack of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The gene encoding the PB1 protein lacked PB1-F2 and the basic polymerase gene codes for PA-X. In addition, the basic polymerase gene contained the consensus ribosomal frameshifting motif TCC TTT CGT C, which is required for the expression of the PA-X. Molecular characteristics showed that the virus has features of a low-pathogenic H5 influenza virus with the exception of a potential N-glycosylation site at position 11. The genome information for this particular virus will provide a molecular map for further in vivo studies to identify why some influenza viruses can persist in chickens for long periods of time. Such information will be useful in countries such as Mexico, where the virus has been a poultry health problem since 1994 and has the potential to evolve high pathogenicity.
IMPLEMENTASI KOMPETENSI MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH KECAMATAN KUALA KAMPAR KABUPATEN PELALAWAN PROPINSI RIAU
Authors: Adi Adi
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah di SMP Negeri 1 dan SMP Negeri 4 Kuala Kampar, Kecamatan Kuala Kampar Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah dan guru. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis secara kualitatif menggunakan teknik analisis data model interaktif Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. 1) Pelaksanaan kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah di SMP Negeri1 dan SMP Negeri 4 Kuala Kampar belum terlaksana dengan baik sesuai dengan 16 indikator standar kompetensi manajerial. 2) Faktor penghambat: a) kepala sekolah tidak memiliki standar kompetensi, b) minimnya pengalaman kepala sekolah, c) ketidakmampuan dalam menyusun perencanaan sekolah, d) kurangnya koordinasi dan kerjasama, e) kurangnya sarana dan prasarana sekolah, f) kurangnya mengikuti pelatihan, dan g) kurangnya pengawasan dari atasan.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MODEL STUDENT COMPANY DI SMK NEGERI 1 GODEAN
Authors: Anggraini Fetrika , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul kewirausahaan model student company yang layak digunakan di SMK. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Modul pembelajaran kewirausahaan model student company layak digunakan. (2) Menurut siswa, modul yang dikembangkan berkualitas sangat baik, serta jika dilihat dari nilai skewnes distribusi data adalah normal. (3) Penerapan modul dalam proses pembelajaran secara umun dapat terlaksana. (4) Peningkatan pemahaman siswa dengan menggunakan modul yang dikembangkan berkategori sedang dengan rerata Uji-t sebesar 80,03 dan selisih nilai (effect size) 13,97 dengan persentase ketuntasan siswa sebesar 95%. Pembelajaran menggunakan modul juga mampu melatih kemandirian siswa dalam belajar dan mampu menumbuhkan kemampuan dalam bekerjasama.
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIK INDIVIDU INSTRUMEN POKOK DASAR SISWA SMK DI BIDANG KEAHLIAN KARAWITAN
Authors: Admadja Ismalik Perwira , Marpanaji Eko
Published: September 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan multimedia pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran praktik individu instrumen pokok dasar, (2) mengetahui kelayakan multimedia pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran praktik individu instrumen pokok dasar, dan (3) mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan multimedia pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran praktik individu instrumen pokok dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan dengan desain model pengembangan Stephen M. Alessi dan Stanley R. Trollip. Langkah-langkah pengembangannya yaitu: (1) perencanaan; (2) desain; dan (3) pengembangan. Teknik analisis data untuk uji coba produk menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ditinjau dari aspek media dinilai “Sangat Baik” dengan skor 4,27 oleh ahli media;(2) ditinjau dari aspek materi dinilai “Sangat Baik” dengan skor 4,47 oleh ahli materi; (3) ditinjau dari aspek penggunaan dinilai “Sangat Baik” dengan skor 4,23 oleh siswa; (4) peningkatan hasil belajar siswa menunjukkan kenaikan rerata skor siswa kelas yang menggunakan multimedia sebesar 31,53 sedangkan kelas yang tidak menggunakan multimedia meningkat sebesar 20,11. Kata kunci: pengembangan, pembelajaran, multimedia pembelajaran, kelayakan. DEVELOPING LEARNING MULTIMEDIA OF INDIVIDUAL PRACTICE IN FUNDAMENTAL MUSIC INSTRUMENT FOR SMK STUDENTS IN THE EXPERTISE OF KARAWITAN Abstract The purposes of this research were: (1) to produce multimedia learning on the subject of individual practice in fundamental music instrument; (2) to determine the appropriateness of the learning multimedia in the subject of individual practice in fundamental music instrument; and (3) to determine the improvement in the students’ learning outcomes from the use of multimedia in teaching the subject of individual practice in fundamental music instrument.This research was a research and development, with the development model design by Alessi and Trollip. The development stages were as follows: (1) planning; (2) design; and (3) development. The data of the try-out of the product was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that: (1) the media aspects were rated "very good" with a score of 4.27 by the media expert; (2) the material aspects were rated "very good" with a score of 4.47 by the materials expert; (3) the aspects of using product were rated "very good" with a score of 4.23 by the students; (4)the improvement of the students’ learning outcomes in the class using the multimedia showed a mean score increase of 31.53 which was greater than that of the nonmultimedia class which was only 20.11. Keywords: development, learning, learning multimedia, appropriateness
Ecotourism Planning : Who is really Responsible?
Authors: Mohamed Badaruddin , Hussin Abdul Aziz
Published: September 2016

The potential of tourism aas a generator of hospitality industry, employment and income is leading many states in Malaysia to pay increasing attention to this sector. While mass tourism continues to make the headlines, 'new tourism' like ecotourism and agrotourism is fast becoming the buzzword of this new millennium. Joining the ranks of states promoting ecotourism is Kelantan, the focus of this paper. The notion that tourism is the panacea of economic problems is debatable. As illustrated by various example in this paaper, tourism, if not properly planned and managed can create chaos and leave negative impact on nature. This paper focuses on the issue of laws and policies that govern the use of eco-resources found in Southern Kelantan, which are believed to contribute to the degradation of the resources.
Towards a Sustainable Built Environment : Environmentally Concious Planning, Design and Construction
Authors: Mahyuddin Norhayati
Published: September 2016

Cities, urban areas and other built-up areas must possess a good healthy living environment which contributes to the general well-being of the regional and global environment. This can be achieved if buildings and other man-made objects are planned and designed in an environmentally appropriate fashion to promote sustainability. This paper is directed towards the ultimate outcome of providing a better built-environment. It reviews how we can enhance environmentally-concious planning, design and construction in the built environment involving all building professionals.
Rural Sustainability : An Examination Of The Practice of Sustainable Development Principles in a Rural Community in Malaysia
Authors: Ngah Ibrahim
Published: September 2016

This paper examines the extent to which sustainable development principles are practiced in rural life in Malaysia. The first part of the paper defines the concept and principles of rural sustainability. The second part highlights the findings of a case study on rural sustainability practice of a rural community in Malaysia. These include the practice of recycling and reuse of materials, utilization of electricity, water and chemical substances, mode of transport, diversification of economic activities and social cohesion. The study indicates that the level of awareness and the practice of sustainability principles are still low among rural people. Few measures are suggested to promote greater awareness and the practice of rural sustainability in rural areas.
MANAGING URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS BY USING SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM: A Case Study of I-Space
Authors: Abdullah Alias , Abdullah Muhammad Faris , Nordin Fauzan
Published: September 2016

The advancement in Information and Communication Technology (!CT), particularly in relation to Geographical Information System (GIS), Computer Aided Design (CAD), Database Management System (DBMS), and Facility Management System (FMS), has provided the opportunity for urban government to adopt innovative and effective technologies to aid and improve the management and decision-making in urban development process. Among the obstacles that hamper effective management and decision-making in urban development process are the absence of integration between the works of the professionals involve in such process and the unavailability of immediate and reliable data to form the basis for sound decision-making. Thus, this paper proposes that a city-wide spatial information system to be developed comprising two major elements: a common platform for integrating the works of the various built environment professionals and a city-wide built environment database. While the common platform will help to streamline the works of the professionals, the database will assists urban government in making sound and informed decision in relation to planning, management, maintenance, and monitoring of the urban built environment. This paper highlights the efforts of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in developing its spatial information system. The system is designed to provide information on the IIUM property that covers buildings, infrastructure, facilities, and space to decision makers and managers to help them in making sound decision and in implementing effective property management scheme.
UNDERSTANDING OF TOURISTS’ PREFERENCES PATTERN: A STUDY IN MELAKA, MALAYSIA
Authors: Amir Syakir , Mohamed Osman Mariana , Bachok Syahriah , Ibrahim Mansor
Published: September 2016

Tourism sector is one of the world largest and fastest contributors to the economic sector. The recognition as UNESCO World Heritage City in 2008, has led to the city of Melaka to be the most visited city in Malaysia. There has been a great deal of research devoted to identify the tourist preferences in countries, regions, cities, and other areas. Such estimation is essential for producing comprehensive estimates of tourism economic benefits in an area. This paper presents an evaluation of tourist‘s preferences among domestic and international tourists visiting Melaka. 1000 tourists were surveyed using diary records survey method. The result shows the purpose of heritage and conservation is the most important factors that motivate their visit to Melaka, while business purpose is the least motivating factors influencing the choice of destinations. It is also found that young, single and professional tourist is the new target market in Melaka.
THERMAL COMFORT AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS FOR A BETTER RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Ariffin Noor Aziah
Published: September 2016

In hot-humid Malaysia, there are around five million units of housing. Among these, the medium-density terraced are the most built. However, little emphasis was given to designing for thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Consequently, air-conditioning is ubiquitous with ever-rising residential energy consumption. This paper studied passive design systems to improve living conditions and conserve energy through orientation and insulation parameters for terraced housing. Utilizing a triangulation of methods to correlate between thermal comfort and energy performance, findings from the questionnaire survey, data monitoring and computer simulation contended that with the passive design strategies minimum thermal comfort is attainable and energy savings predicted.
SUSTAINABLE GOVERNANCE IN RELATION TO THE FINANCIAL ASPECT IN MANAGING COASTAL AREAS: MALAYSIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Asmawi M. Zainora , Mahamod Lukman Hakim , Mohamed Mohd Zin , Paiman Tuminah
Published: September 2016

Managing natural resources sustainably is essential in this contemporary era of land use planning system. This includes managing and planning the invaluable of coastal areas. In this regards, coastal management programmes have been regarded as a key approach in delivering the coastal strategies and objectives towards achieving a sustainable coastal development worldwide. This is supported by the good governance to ensure that the implementation of coastal development is successful. As such, this paper suggests that the aspect of good governance as one essential element of coastal management that can and should make a substantial contribution to planning and managing coastal land uses in Malaysia. It has many positive implications to the environmental, social and economic sectors. The experience of Lembaga Urus Air Selangor (LUAS) in managing the coastal areas via the implementation of good governance indicates the requirement of good governance in ensuring a successful coastal management. In addition, financial element has become a significant attribute in implementing coastal management initiatives. This study offers input in planning literatures by addressing the integration of coastal management, good local governance, land use planning and financial elements which are very relevant with today‘s current global changes on environment as a whole.
MAPPING POVERTY HOT SPOTS IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA USING SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Majid M. Rafee , Jaffar Abdul Razak , Che Man Noordini , Vaziri Mehdrad , Sulemana Mohamed
Published: September 2016

In September 2000 The Millennium Summit adopted the UN Millennium Declaration, committing nations to a new global partnership to reduce extreme poverty with a deadline of 2015. Eight Millennium Development Goals were formulated of which the eradication of poverty given top priority. However, Malaysia’s participation with the UN in dealing with poverty, precede this when it committed itself with the United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty (1997–2006) programme, which was then reinforced when the Millennium Declaration was made in 2000. Nationally, poverty eradication as well as bridging the inequality gap among the major ethnic groups and states has been the main development goal in Malaysia’s development agenda since independence. In this regards, the principle of “growth with equity” has been the central theme in all Malaysia’s development policies and efforts since independence. Although Malaysia has made significant achievements in reducing the incidence of aggregate poverty across the country from 8.9% in 1995 down to 1.7% in 2012, there still exist pockets of poverty in the rural areas, in certain states/regions and among ethnic groups, as well as in some urban areas. This shows that formulating planning and policy implementation to eradicate poverty now needs to be more spatially focused for the implementation to be more effective. Recognising the incidence of poverty through standard statistical data tables alone is no longer adequate in formulating planning and policy implementation. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis the pattern of distribution of poverty in space over a period of time can easily be visualised and hotspots of incidence of poverty identified. This paper attempts to show how this analysis can assist in focusing efforts to eradicate poverty in Malaysia.
TRIPOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF VFR TRAVEL IN CONTEXT OF MALAYSIAN DOMESTIC TRAVELERS
Authors: Syed Darar Sharifaah Eisyahtun , Ismail Hairul Nizam
Published: September 2016

VFR travel is a form of travel that involves visiting family and friends as purpose of visit, or as part of activity. Travelling with the purpose of VFR has been recorded as the main purpose of travel for Malaysian domestic travel market in 2014 where the 46% travelers are travelling for this purpose. However, there is less study in this market especially in context of Malaysian domestic market. Past study has shown that this market seems to be neglected because it did not seem to give a huge impact economically. This market was assumed not utilizing tourism services and not participating in tourism activity. This paper is aim to examine the tripographic of VFR travelers where it assess the trip characteristic of VFR travel in order to have a better understanding of this market in context of domestic travelers. A survey was carried in selected area that packed with domestic travelers. Data obtained used in comparing the trip characteristics among VFR market travelers and non-VFR travelers. This result is useful for marketing strategy and a key planning for tourism destination.
IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT INDICATORS FOR A HAPPY CITY
Authors: Mirzan Hamed , Bahreini Azin , Moeinaddini Mehdi , Asadi-Shekari Zohreh , Shah Muhammad Zaly , Sultan Zahid
Published: September 2016

Although, happiness has been evaluated by many researchers, there are very limited studies on happy environment, specifically happy cities. In addition, different methods that have been introduced for measuring happiness by previous studies have several major shortcomings. Firstly, happiness is considered equivalent to satisfaction or the quality of life. Secondly, the majority of these methods are not easy to follow and it is difficult to connect them to design process. Furthermore, these methods support only a limited number of indicators and majority of them are not related to the happy environment. Thus, this paper reviews prominent studies on happiness evaluations and happy environment to identify effective indicators for happy cities. It also attempts to highlight current happiness evaluation methods that consider happy environment to determine how various studies assess cities for happiness. The weaknesses and strengths of different evaluation methods are discussed in this paper to propose a better way to assess happy cities. A systematic review is used to identify indicators for happy cities. Overall, socio-economic factors, environmental factors (e.g., air pollution and temperature), geographical location and facilities management are effective variables for happy cities. This study discusses the challenges in happiness evaluation and attempts to introduce new objectives for futures studies. The results of this study can be used to propose strategies to have happier cities.
CO-BENEFIT MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL IN ISKANDAR MALAYSIA: A METHODOLOGY USING BenMAP
Authors: Nordin Nadhirah , Majid M. Rafee , Chin Siong Ho , Kurata Gakuji
Published: September 2016

Malaysia is currently experiencing issues of local as well as transboundary air pollution. The issues are especially felt in areas that record high economic growth and rapid urbanization such as Iskandar Malaysia, a fast evolving economic-growth corridor in Southeast Asia. This has led to increased rate of particulate matter emissions, which further led to increase in the rate of respiratory-related health incidences. Many epidemiological studies have proven that particulate matters in the ambient air are associated with adverse health effects. This will affect the existing and future economy of Iskandar Malaysia, where the exposed population may lose their workdays and face increased medical spending. This study focuses on quantifying health and economic benefits from the reduction of particulate matter with a size of 10 micrometers or less in diameter (PM10) using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP) by US EPA. Health impact functions are used to quantify the relationship between a change in PM10 level and number of related health effects among the exposed population. The samples for this research include a continuous monitoring data on the 2014 monthly average of daily PM10, the 2014 population projection of Malaysian Census Data and the PM10 related health cases for 2014 which are focused in the Iskandar Malaysia region. PM10 data are collected from monitoring stations operated by the Department of Environment (DOE). Respiratory related cases such as Upper Respiratory Tract Infection, which is categorized as J10 in International Classification of Diseases, are collected from selected clinics within the study area. The final outcome of the modeling exercise compares the co-benefits of air pollution reduction between the baseline scenario and the control scenario for PM10 level in Iskandar Malaysia. The results of this study are useful in optimizing and improving the existing policies and strategies for controlling air pollution and PM10 emission in Iskandar Malaysia.
THE EVOLVEMENT OF BRAND IDENTITY OF LANGKAWI ISLAND, MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Yusof Mohd Fadil , Ismail Hairul Nizam
Published: September 2016

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the brand identity development efforts of Langkawi Island as one of the most prominent and well-guarded tourism destinations in Malaysia. It will be viewed from the historical perspectives for the last 35 years since the 1980s until the present time as to how this involvement influences the formation of its brand identity and later, the existing destination image. Based on in-depth interviews with eleven different levels of managers of separate divisions for destination management organizations (DMOs) in Langkawi Island, Malaysia, theoretically, the findings provide an opportunity to expand the knowledge of destination brand identity development and the involvement of DMOs in influencing image making over time. Practically, the findings indicate three key important antecedents of brand identity development efforts related to: (1) the effects from multiple positioning themes and slogans, (2) the important of brand coordination, and (3) brand leadership issue. These empirical findings provide new insights into enhancing the theoretical aspect of managing a destination brand, including its close relationship with issues faced by destination marketing organizations in managing destination branding strategy. Thus, using the case study of Langkawi Island, the context of multiple identities or image fragmentation is important to be understood due to the different perceived ideas on how the image should be projected according to stakeholders and market segmentation.
A THEORETICAL OVERVIEW OF ROAD HUMP EFFECTS ON TRAFFIC SPEED IN RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Bachok Khairun Sarah , Kadar Hamsa Abdul Azeez , Mohamed Mohd Zin , Ibrahim Mansor
Published: September 2016

This paper is part of an ongoing study to analyse the effectiveness of road humps as a traffic calming measure in improving the residential living environment. A review was conducted on various literatures concerning the effects of road humps on vehicle speeds, particularly in residential areas. The major findings from the literatures are that the vehicles’ operating speeds are affected by the hump design and spacing in between humps. An incorrect hump profile will also potentially result in passenger discomfort and vehicle damage. Public perceptions also agreed that road humps are effective in reducing vehicle speeds. More studies should link field study results with residents’ perceptions particularly in Malaysia, while considering the effect of road geometrics and other devices possibly impacting vehicle speeds along selected roads. Further research also needs to be done to test the effectiveness of current schemes in Malaysian residential areas, as many are on an ad-hoc basis.
MEASURING THE DIMENSIONS AND ATTRIBUTES OF LIVEABILITY OF LOW-INCOME HOUSING COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Iyanda Sule Abass , Mohit Mohammad Abdul
Published: September 2016

Housing is a basic human need and its liveability transcends beyond the perimeter of the housing unit. The quality of the living environment is important for an individual’s wellbeing. The factors that contribute to the inhabitants’ satisfaction in a living environment are essential inputs in monitoring the success of housing policies of the government. This paper measured the dimensions and attributes of the living environment of the public low income housing estates in Minna, Niger State. A questionnaire was administered to 400 household heads in the three selected housing estates based on stratified random sampling. 366 questionnaires were returned and the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and factor analysis. Results showed that residents are satisfied with housing unit and economic vitality, but dissatisfied with neighbourhood facilities, and socialinteraction was lacking among the residents. Also, residents are apprehensive of their safety. This study recommends an immediate improvement of neighbourhood facilities in these housing estates.
CREATING THE ESSENCE OF CITIES: THE PUTRAJAYA'S EXPERIENCE
Authors: John Jebasingam Issace
Published: September 2016

The creation of a new Federal Government Administrative Centre at Putrajaya marks a new chapter in the development history of modern Malaysia. The development of this new administrative centre was prompted by the need to balance and disperse development to areas outside of Klang Valley. It is a decision motivated by the government's desire to improve the urban environment and quality of life, and to ease the pressure on the infrastructure in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley in general. In city planning terms, it provides a golden opportunity and a challenge to embark on something new and innovative representing Malaysian values and culture. Putrajaya the new Federal Government Administrative Centre, is to be equipped with the latest facilities and technologies for improved effectiveness and productivity, as well as, amenities that shall contribute to quality living and working environment. However the challenge also lies in fostering the spirit, sense of purpose and identity for the new city. This paper provides an insight to some of the basic principles and concepts behind the endeavor towards realizing this planning vision.