bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gesellschaft in Angst?
Authors: Eckert Judith
Published: November 2019

Zeitdiagnosen einer verängstigten Gesellschaft sind populär. Doch welche Bedeutung kommt Angst im Alltag der Menschen wirklich zu - und welche Ängste spielen konkret eine Rolle? Mittels eines innovativen qualitativen Forschungsdesigns hinterfragt Judith Eckert die Annahme von Angst als zentraler zeitgenössischer Befindlichkeit und trägt zur Differenzierung der Debatte bei. Neben empirischen Analysen bietet sie Bausteine für eine theoretisch, konzeptuell und methodologisch fundierte Soziologie der Angst sowie Anregungen für eine reflexive, lebensweltlich orientierte Sicherheitsforschung.
Spanischer Bürgerkrieg goes Pop
Authors: Kuschel Daniela
Published: November 2019

Den Spanischen Bürgerkrieg neu und anders zu erzählen, ist programmatisch für Populärmedien wie den Fantasyfilm El laberinto del fauno, den Superheldencomic 1936-La batalla de Madrid oder das Videospiel Sombras de Guerra. Die Werke, die sich im Spannungsfeld des ›modernen Populären‹ verorten, greifen auf Ausdrucksformen des populärkulturellen Repertoires zurück. Daniela Kuschel zeigt auf, wie die realistischen Schreib- und Erzählweisen, die bislang als emblematisch für die Darstellung des Bürgerkriegs galten, aufgebrochen und umgeformt werden. Jenseits von Authentizität führen diese Modifikationen der Erinnerungslandschaft den Bedarf an neuen Ausdrucksformen individueller und kollektiver Erinnerung vor Augen.
The Spectacle of Murder. Over-Aestheticized Depiction of Death in Horror Video Games
Authors: Schnaars Cornelia J.
Published: November 2019

Cornelia J. Schnaars examines the aestheticization of homicides in THE EVIL WITHIN 2 (2017) as a symptom of contemporary western culture's fascination with violence. As with visualizations in slow motion, so-called kill-cams, in both film and games, murder is displayed here as a work of art, bearing only little relevance for the game's narrative and mechanics. Rather, fatally wounded human bodies become audiovisual spectacles and exhibition pieces. However, by emphasizing the back of the camera in a photo shoot setting and thus exposing the viewer's gaze, the depiction of violence can be read as a critique of a culture that is inherently fascinated with violence.
Notes from the Editors, November 2019
Authors: The Editors -
Published: November 2019

buy this issue

Immanuel Wallerstein, the celebrated world-systems theorist and longtime contributor to Monthly Review and Monthly Review Press, died on August 31, 2019. Wallerstein first achieved international fame with the publication in 1974 of his The Modern World-System: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century (the first in a four-volume masterwork on the Modern World-System. We pay tribute to Wallerstein in this new issue of Monthly Review.
On Fire This Time
Authors: Foster John Bellamy
Published: November 2019

We are seeing today what appear to be the beginnings of an ecological revolution, a new historical moment unlike any humanity has experienced. Not only is the planet burning, but a revolutionary climate movement is rising up and is now on fire in response.
The Angler and the Octopus
Authors: Beal Tim
Published: November 2019

Ever since the United States divided the Korean peninsula in 1945, North Korea has had to cope with the existential challenge of U.S. hostility. Korea marks the western boundary of the empire, a border area where the sea power of the United States adjoins the land power of Russia and China. North Korea has been able to utilize this liminality to create a sovereign state—the Democratic People's Republic of Korea—whose independence is not welcomed by either Moscow or Beijing but tolerated because the alternatives, a client of the other or absorption into the U.S. empire, are considered worse. Washington, as global hegemon, has been less willing to tolerate this independence but has faced constraints. The result has been a policy of hostility, of unrelenting diplomatic and economic war of varying intensity, stopping short of actual kinetic war, though never far from it.
This is our legacy
Authors: Piercy Marge
Published: November 2019

Marge Piercy is the author of many books of poetry, most recently Made in Detroit.
Race and Mystery in Cape Cod
Authors: Powers Nicholas
Published: November 2019

In Bill Fletcher Jr.'s first novel, The Man Who Fell from the Sky, the sleepy Cape Cod town of Osterville has blood on its hands. In this murder mystery, Fletcher digs through layers of racism in Southern Massachusetts to uncover more than the killer's identity. The novel compellingly exposes the racism of society, turning its victims against each other.
Making The Drowned World Manifest: Re-reading Ballard’s Novel Through Art
Authors: Clement Tracey
Published: November 2019

In 1970, J.G. Ballard used a London gallery as a laboratory in which to test ideas he was toying with, ideas that eventually found their way into his 1973 novel, Crash. Ballard found that art and literature were a fecund combination. Considering the richness of his imagery and the complexity of his ideas, it is not surprising that Ballard’s works have gone on to inspire artistic responses. Perhaps the most well known of these is Robert Smithson’s masterpiece, Spiral Jetty, 1970. However, most works inspired by Ballard’s writing respond to vague notions of things Ballardian rather than to a particular novel or short story. In this essay I will focus specifically on recent contemporary Australian artworks which were made in direct response to Ballard’s 1962 novel, The Drowned World, for a 2015 exhibition I initiated and coordinated titled Mapping The Drowned World. Using my own artworks as examples, as well as work made by fellow Australian artists Roy Ananda, Jon Cattapan and Janet Tavener, I will demonstrate that art and Ballard’s literature continue to make a great synergistic team: together they produce more than the sum of their parts.
On Copula-Itô processes
Authors: Jaworski Piotr
Published: November 2019

We study the dynamics of the family of copulas {Ct
}
t≥0 of a pair of stochastic processes given by stochastic differential equations (SDE). We associate to it a parabolic partial differential equation (PDE). Having embedded the set of bivariate copulas in a dual of a Sobolev Hilbert space H
1 (ℝ2)* we calculate the derivative with respect to t and the *weak topology i.e. the tangent vector field to the image of the curve t → Ct
. Furthermore we show that the family {Ct
}
t≥0 is an orbit of a strongly continuous semigroup of transformations and provide the infinitesimal generator of this semigroup.
IoT Applications in Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Authors: Alhmoud Lina , Al-Zoubi Hussein
Published: November 2019

Renewable energy reliability has been the main agenda nowadays, where the internet of things (IoT) is a crucial research direction with a lot of opportunities for improvement and challenging work. Data obtained from IoT is converted into actionable information to improve wind turbine performance, driving wind energy cost down and reducing risk. However, the implementation in IoT is a challenging task because the wind turbine system level and component level need real-time control. So, this paper is dedicated to investigating wind resource assessment and lifetime estimation of wind power modules using IoT. To illustrate this issue, a model is built with sub-models of an aerodynamic rotor connected directly to a multi-pole variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with variable speed control, pitch angle control and full-scale converter connected to the grid. Besides, a large number of various sensors for measurement of wind parameters are integrated with IoT. Simulations are constructed with Matlab/Simulink and IoT ’Thingspeak’ Mathworks web service. IoT has proved to increase the reliability of measurement strategies, monitoring accuracy, and quality assurance.
Multi-center results on the clinical use of KANET
Authors: Kurjak Asim , Spalldi Barišić Lara , Stanojević Milan , Antsaklis Panagiotis , Panchal Sonal , Honemeyer Ulrich , Moreira Neto Raul , Tinjić Suada , Vladareanu Radu , Esin Sertaç , Bomba-Opon Dorota , Međedović Edin , Hata Toshyuki
Published: November 2019

An extensive review of the literature on the diagnostic and clinical accuracy of Kurjak’s antenatal neurodevelopmental test (KANET) and the summarized results of the multi-center study involving 10 centers revealed that four-dimensional ultrasonography (4D US) has become a powerful tool and KANET a valuable test that empowers the clinicians worldwide to evaluate the fetal behavior in a systematic way and contribute to the detection of fetuses that might be at high risk for neurological impairments and in particular cerebral palsy (CP). After 10 years of clinical use, many published papers and multi-center studies, hundreds of trained physicians and numerous tests performed all over the world, KANET has proven its value and has been showing encouraging results so far. The aim of this paper is to show the results from the studies done so far and to reveal the clinical value of the KANET. We expect that data from the larger ongoing collaborative study, the short- and long-term postnatal follow-up will continue to improve our knowledge. Ultimately, we all strive to prevent the CP disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurological impairments and we are convinced that KANET might be helpful in the realization of this important aim.
Crystal structure of (E)-N-[4-(1H)-imidazolyl phenyl]-(2-methylphenyl)methanimine, C17H15N3
Authors: Liu Jie , Cheng Ruo-Liu , Yu Shu-Zhen , Zou Ying
Published: November 2019

C17H15N3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.6325(11) Å, b = 7.8196(7) Å, c = 15.5644(11) Å, β = 106.288(2)°, V = 1358.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0363, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0975, T = 296(2) K.
Object-Oriented Ontology’s View of Relations: a Phenomenological Critique
Authors: Ferro Floriana
Published: November 2019

This paper is focused on the possibility of a dialogue between Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) and phenomenology, a dialogue concerning the problem of objects and relations. In the first part, the author shows what is interesting in OOO from a phenomenological perspective and why it should be considered as a challenge for contemporary philosophy. The second part develops the phenomenological perspective of the author, a perspective based on Merleau-Ponty’s “carnal” phenomenology, as well as some suggestions coming from the Italian school of Gaetano Kanizsa. The third part is dedicated to the objections of the author to the OOO view regarding the separation between objects and relations: a separation which leads to Harman’s quadruple object. In the concluding portion, the author shows that, despite evident differences between phenomenological and OOO’s views of relations, OOO offers new starting points for phenomenological reflections, thanks to its specific focus on objects and its pluralistic view of reality.
UAE Banks’ Performance and the Oil Price Shock: Evidence across Conventional and Islamic Banks
Authors: Kandil Magda Elsayed , Markovski Minko
Published: November 2019

This study attempts to identify whether the oil price fall to a “new normal” in mid-September 2014 has had an impact on banks’ performance in the UAE, such as Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) in addition to credit and deposit growth. The sample is for a sample of 22 national banks in the country over a period of 15 quarters. The oil price fall has had a negative impact on all four banking indicators. In addition, the analysis evaluates the difference in ROA, ROE and credit and deposit growth by bank type, conventional vs. Islamic banks, across the sample of 22 banks. The results indicate that Islamic banks have a higher lending and deposit growth rates, however conventional banks tend to have better indicators of performance. Further, the oil price fall has impacted banks’ performance adversely, and the growth of assets and liabilities as a result of the slowdown in economic activity, fiscal consolidation, and decreasing levels of employment and corporate profitability. Further, Islamic banks, judged by lending and deposit growth, have managed to tailor their products to cater to a growing demand. However growth objectives appear to have reduced the margins of return in Islamic banks, compared to conventional banks.
Experience of Health Leadership in Partnering With University-Based Researchers in Canada – A Call to "Reimagine" Research
Authors: Bowen Sarah , Botting Ingrid , Graham Ian D. , MacLeod Martha , Moissac Danielle de , Harlos Karen , Leduc Bernard , Ulrich Catherine , Knox Janet
Published: November 2019

Background: Emerging evidence that meaningful relationships with knowledge users are a key predictor of research use has led to promotion of partnership approaches to health research. However, little is known about health system experiences of collaborations with university-based researchers, particularly with research partnerships in the area of health system design and health service organization. The purpose of the study was to explore the experience and perspectives of senior health managers in health service organizations, with health organization-university research partnerships. Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews (n = 25) were conducted with senior health personnel across Canada to explore their perspectives on health system research; experiences with health organization-university research partnerships; challenges to partnership research; and suggested actions for improving engagement with knowledge users and promoting research utilization. Participants, recruited from organizations with regional responsibilities, were responsible for system-wide planning and support functions. Results: Research is often experienced as unhelpful or irrelevant to decision-making by many within the system. Research, quality improvement (QI) and evaluation are often viewed as separate activities and coordinated by different responsibility areas. Perspectives of senior managers on barriers to partnership differed from those identified in the literature: organizational stress and restructuring, and limitations in readiness of researchers to work in the fast-paced healthcare environment, were identified as major barriers. Although the need for strong executive leadership was emphasized, "multi-system action" is needed for effective partnerships. Conclusion: Common approaches to research and knowledge translation are often not appropriate for addressing issues of health service design and health services organization. Nor is the research community providing expertise to many important activities that the healthcare system is taking to improve health services. A radical rethinking of how we prepare health service researchers; position research within the health system; and fund research activities and infrastructure is needed if the potential benefits of research are to be achieved. Lack of response to health system needs may contribute to research and ‘evidence-informed’ practice being further marginalized from healthcare operations. Interventions to address barriers must respond to the perspectives and experience of health leadership.
Multiculturalism and Compassion: Responding to Mental Health Needs Among Refugees and Asylum Seekers Comment on "A Crisis of Humanitarianism: Refugees at the Gates of Europe"
Authors: Satinsky Emily , Filippou Theodoros A. , Kousoulis Antonis A.
Published: November 2019

As Fotaki (2019) argues, the current political climate in Europe is threatening principles of humanitarianism, particularly among refugees and asylum seekers. This commentary builds on that argument, with a spotlight on mental health and culturally relevant service design. By addressing some of the barriers faced by refugees and asylum seekers in accessing mental healthcare, we can address inequalities and develop compassionate societies.
Dormancy and germination of Firmiana danxiaensis, an endangered tree endemic to South China
Authors: Luo Xiaoying , Zhang Qianmei , Ren Hai , Ma Guohua , Liu Hong
Published: November 2019

Firmiana danxiaensis (Malvaceae) is a rare and endemic tree of South China. It has a very narrow distribution with only two extant populations in the wild. The aim of this study was to understand the nature of its seed dormancy, how to break the dormancy and the environmental requirements for the natural germination of its seeds. To identify whether seeds of F. danxiaensis are dormant, germination experiments with 12 treatments (three light levels × four temperatures) were conducted. To determine the optimal way to break dormancy, we conducted the dormancy-breaking experiment with five treatments, including physical and chemical methods. The results showed that the dormancy of F. danxiaensis seeds was associated with a water-impermeable seed coat, i.e., the seeds have physical dormancy. Soaking the seeds in 98% concentrated sulphuric acid for one hour overcame the physical dormancy and enabled imbibition followed by germination (up to 73%). Once dormancy was broken, F. danxiaensis seeds could germinate over a wide range of temperatures in both light and darkness. The results suggest that ex situ conservation and reintroduction of F. danxiaensis might be achieved by sowing acid-treated seeds at restoration sites at the appropriate time of year.
Improving Imputation Quality in BEAGLE for Crop and Livestock Data
Authors: Pook Torsten , Mayer Manfred , Geibel Johannes , Weigend Steffen , Cavero David , Schoen Chris C , Simianer Henner
Published: November 2019

Imputation is one of the key steps in the preprocessing and quality control protocol of any genetic study. Most imputation algorithms were originally developed for the use in human genetics and thus are optimized for a high level of genetic diversity. Different versions of BEAGLE were evaluated on genetic datasets of doubled haploids of two European maize landraces, a commercial breeding line and a diversity panel in chicken, respectively, with different levels of genetic diversity and structure which can be taken into account in BEAGLE by parameter tuning. Especially for phasing BEAGLE 5.0 outperformed the newest version (5.1) which in turn also lead to improved imputation. Earlier versions were far more dependent on the adaption of parameters in all our tests. For all versions, the parameter ne (effective population size) had a major effect on the error rate for imputation of ungenotyped markers, reducing error rates by up to 98.5%. Further improvement was obtained by tuning of the parameters affecting the structure of the haplotype cluster that is used to initialize the underlying Hidden Markov Model of BEAGLE. The number of markers with extremely high error rates for the maize datasets were more than halved by the use of a flint reference genome (F7, PE0075 etc.) instead of the commonly used B73. On average, error rates for imputation of ungenotyped markers were reduced by 8.5% by excluding genetically distant individuals from the reference panel for the chicken diversity panel. To optimize imputation accuracy one has to find a balance between representing as much of the genetic diversity as possible while avoiding the introduction of noise by including genetically distant individuals.
Identifying Factors that Influence International Student Mobility in Chinese Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Kang Le , Li Fulin , Li Yan
Published: November 2019

International student mobility has been becoming varied and complex. Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs) host about 492,185 international students in 2018, sharing 10 percent of globally mobile students. The purpose of the study was to promote understanding of factors that influence international students choose to earn academic degree in Chinese HEIs. The econometric approach was applied to identify factors that influence international student mobility in China. The total inflow of international students, the inflow of students from both developing and developed countries, and international students with undergraduate, master’s and doctoral academic programs are taken as predicted variables. The political, economic, academic, socio-cultural factors were chosen as explanatory variables. From the sample data of 60 countries of origin, our data covers more than 89% of total international students earn academic degrees in Chinese HEIs during the period 2007 to 2016. The results indicated some differences in determinants of undergraduate students, master’s students and doctoral students from developing and developed countries choose to study in China. The economic development level between China and the countries of origin and their bilateral trade relations are important economic factors that affect international students, and the impact on undergraduate students is more significant. The Chinese government scholarship policies and mutual recognition of academic degrees have been effectively promoted inward international students. Compared with undergraduate students, the academic ranking of Chinese universities has more significant influences on master’s students and doctoral students. The geographical distance and cultural distance between China and the countries of origin are important social and cultural factors. International students from developed countries are more influenced by cultural distance factor.
The Influence of Cognition on the Knobe Effect of Juvenile Intention in the Field of Social Rules
Authors: Lin Jing , Tao Jun , Fu Hong
Published: November 2019

We set up experimental stories that violated and abided by domain rules, negative and positive side effects, and selected 850 middle school students to read stories and answer questions to explore the characteristics of the juvenile Knobe effect under cognitive conditions in three single social rules. The results showed that: (1) When the teenagers violate the domain rules, the Knobe effect is exhibited in the three types of events, and in the case of complying with the domain rules, only the Knobe effect occurs in the personal field, and (2) The domain rules are observed. Under the positive side effects, boys are more inclined to judge the intentions of positive side effects in the field of ethics and customs than in girls. (3) With the development of age, the juveniles’ judgments on the side effects are also inverted U-shaped, which is consistent with the development of moral judgment age. The conclusion is that adolescents have only an incomplete Knobe effect in a single-field event, and the specific performance is influenced by domain rules and domain types.
Research on Motivation of Transferring Secondary Vocational School Teachers from Enterprises
Authors: Xu Meihuan , Zhang Jianrong
Published: November 2019

Under the paradigm of qualitative research, we explored the process and reasons for the nine technologists to abandon the high-paying positions of the company to enter the middle-level teachers. Based on the interview data, we used the rooted theory to establish the motivation for the transfer of the transferred teachers. The study found that “reasons of separation” and “individual needs” are the two main categories that constitute “transfer motivation”; “transfer motivation” under the influence of “preconditions”, “catalytic factors” and “obstructive factors” and “teacher occupation” The advantage “matches; if the match is successful, the idea of “deciding to become a secondary school teacher” is generated and put into action. Through cross-case analysis, it outlined the career transition profile of the transferred teachers, including the “family fulfillment” type, which is driven by “free time”, the “start another stove” type, which is driven by “burnout”, and is dominated by “personal ideals” motivated “long-term planned” type. Based on the results of this research, we proposed to contract and recruit enterprise technical talents in secondary vocational schools, and propose the cooperation channel between schools and enterprises as the recruitment channel, and establish the support policy and salary incentive system strategy for enterprise personnel.
Differential contribution of oral and written modes to lexical, syntactic and propositional complexity in L2 performance in instructed contexts
Authors: Vasylets Olena , Gilabert Roger , Manchón Rosa Maria
Published: November 2019

Complexity of L2 output during oral or written task performance has been associated with the process of restructuring; that is, a qualitative change of the internal L2 system by which interlanguage becomes more elaborate and more efficient in communication. While online pressures may restrain the occurrence of restructuring in oral production, the availability of time and visibility of output in writing might create optimal conditions to deploy more complex linguistic structures, with the concomitant interlanguage development. To test these claims, we conducted a study in which we explored if and how the manifestation of lexical, syntactic and propositional L2 complexity was moderated by the mode in which the task was performed. Our participants were 290 instructed L2 learners. They performed orally and in writing a narrative video-retelling task. The analysis revealed moderating task-modality effects on L2 complexity. We found that the written texts displayed higher scores on all the sub-dimensions of syntactic and lexical complexity. Differences were also observed in the way speakers and writers conveyed the propositional content of the task. We interpret these findings as evidence of the facilitating conditions for restructuring during written production in instructed settings and, accordingly, of the language-learning-potential of L2 writing tasks.
You've got to crack a few eggs to make an omelette. Linguistic complexity and instruction in SLA
Authors: de Graaff Rick
Published: November 2019

In this epilogue, I take a teaching practice and teacher education perspective on complexity in Instructed Second Language Acquisition. I take the stance that it is essential to understand if and how linguistic complexity relates to learning challenges, what the implications are for language pedagogy, and how this challenges the role of the teacher. Research shows that differences in task complexity may lead to differences in linguistic complexity in language learners’ speech or writing. Different tasks (e.g. descriptive vs narrative) and different modes (oral vs written) may lead to different types and levels of complexity in language use. On the one hand, this is a challenge for language assessment, as complexity in language performance may be affected by task characteristics. On the other hand, it is an opportunity for language teaching: using a diversity of tasks, modes and text types may evoke and stretch lexically and syntactically complex language use. I maintain that it is essential for teachers to understand that it is at least as important to aim for development in complexity as it is to aim for development in accuracy. Namely, that ‘errors’ in language learning are part of the deal: complex tasks lead to complex language use, including lexical and syntactical errors, but they are a necessary prerequisite for language development.
Beyond the Ruins of Embobut
Authors: Lunn-Rockliffe Sam
Published: November 2019

The Embobut Forest, western Kenya, can be described as an entanglement of ruins. These ruins are the materialisation of a series of contested ecological debates and political decisions pivoting on the questions of conservation and community rights to land that have resulted in the violent dislocation of local Sengwer and Marakwet communities. In the first instance, this paper aims to contextualise these debates by offering an analytic focus on the process of ruination in order to offer a more nuanced narrative of landscape modification and changing human lives over the past century. Subsequently, I look beyond processes of ruination and towards notions of transformation, in an attempt expound how Embobut has not become a static world of passive ruins but rather is constantly changing as novel forms of dwelling and new ecological relationships continue to unfold in a manner not envisaged by conservation policy.
Detecting Modern Conflicts
Authors: Košir Uroš
Published: November 2019

The paper examines the applicability of a metal detector survey and distribution analysis of mostly metal objects at four post-World War II mass execution sites in Ko?evski Rog, Slovenia. All locations were surveyed with the intent to gather the material  evidence, reconstruct the events and identify areas of different activities. With the distribution analysis, we  were able to reconstruct pathways leading through forest to the execution sites; places of untying, undressing and restricting of the victims; and places of shooting. Locations with discarded and sometimes burned clothing, equipment and personal belongings were also found, containing various metal and non-metal objects. Metal detector survey and distribution analysis of objects proved to be an excellent tool for researching, interpreting and reconstructing poorly documented events, such as World War II and post-war extrajudicial mass executions.
Dianoia w Etykach Arystotelesa
Authors: Gródek Wojciech Kleofas
Published: November 2019

Artykuł jest próbą wyjaśnienia znaczenia terminu dianoia w Etykach Arystotelesa. Z analiz tekstów Arystotelesa wynika, że dianoia jest stosowaniem myślenia (to noein), które dotyczy bycia (to einai). Dlatego dianoia jest czynnością potwierdzenia (kataphasis), „że jest”, lub zaprzeczenia (apophasis), „że nie jest”. Mając na uwadze fakt, że dianoia jest własnością duszy mającej logos, Arystoteles zastanawia się jakie jest jej znaczenie w postępowaniu (praxis) człowieka. Termin dianoia odgrywa ważną rolę w Arystotelesowskim oposie postanowienia (prohairesis) i dobrowolności (hekousion). W przypadku postanowienia, które jest przyczyną postępowania, dianoia, jeżeli potwierdza propozycję, przyznaje rację (logos) a jeżeli zaprzecza, odmawia racji. Natomiast postępowanie dobre lub złe musi być dobrowolne. Postępowanie jest dobrowolne, jeśli jest postępowaniem z siebie (eph’ heauton). To natomiast jest możliwe dzięki myśleniu (dianoian). Dobrowolne postępowanie może być dobre dzięki rozsądkowi (phronesis), który jest doskonałością dianoetyczną. Takie postępowanie jest więc według prawidłowej racji (kata ton orthon logon).
Rola etosu mieszczańskiego w badaniach naukowych. Krótki esej o rzetelności i uczciwości
Authors: Żardecka Magdalena
Published: November 2019

Artykuł jest próbą ukazania nauki jako wielkiego przedsięwzięcia intelektualnego, u podstaw którego stoją mieszczańskie cnoty rzetelności i uczciwości. Znajdują one odzwierciedlenie w metodologii nauk, która kładzie akcent na skrupulatne przestrzeganie reguł naukowych i stosowanie ściśle określonych metod badawczych. Poznanie naukowe ma się cechować obiektywizmem oraz krytycyzmem, musi zatem (1) dążyć do wyeliminowania wszelkich czynników pozapoznawczych oraz (2) wielokrotnie sprawdzać zasadność wszelkich twierdzeń naukowych i skrupulatnie analizować naukowe dowody i argumentacje.
Uczciwość a ideały społeczne. W poszukiwaniu nowego wzorca
Authors: Zuziak Władysław
Published: November 2019

The article considers the problem of the depreciation of standards of integrity in modern societies. It indicates the relations between social ideals and standards defining the implementation of these ideals. In this context, it invokes the thesis of T. Merton, who claims that the standards that hinder the realization of ideals tend to be eliminated from social life. This happens with the standard of integrity in societies where the main ideal is to achieve success in the economic dimension.The changes in the axiological field are associated with moving away from the elite culture model and choosing an egalitarian model. Liberal ideals in this model are tailored to the needs of the mass. Personal values are replaced with utilitarian values. Egalitarianism, rejecting the elite imperative to improve, leads to resentment. The consequence of this process is depreciating values and moral standards.The society becomes aware of the bareness of the egalitarian model of culture. Signs of dissatisfaction with the current model and the ideal associated with it become visible, because the degeneration of moral standards leads to the loss of the sense of safety and to the corrosion of people’s relationships.The history shows that the two described models compete with each other and alternate. Armed with this knowledge, we can support the attempts to develop the elite social projects that are still waiting for a new synthesis.
Uczciwość i rzetelność w zawodzie prawnika
Authors: Tomala Izabela
Published: November 2019

W poniższej pracy zostanie podjęta próba udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie, czym jest uczciwość i rzetelność w zawodzie prawnika oraz jakimi cechami powinien charakteryzować się uczciwy i rzetelny prawnik. Przy analizowaniu tych dwóch pojęć zostaną przedstawione odwołania do tekstów filozoficznych oraz kodeksów zawodowych zawodów prawniczych. W pracy wielokrotnie podkreślane jest to, że zarówno uczciwość, jak i rzetelność są zasadami, bez których prawnik nie może właściwie wykonywać swoich zawodowych obowiązków.
The effect of gene polymorphism of certain cytokines on echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Petrov V. S.
Published: November 2019

Aim.To assess the effect of polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor-а (TNF-α) cytokines and interleukin (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-10) on echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD).

Material and methods. A total of 128 patients with RHD were examined, average age was 58,96±0,34 years. Echocardiography was performed on a Philips Affinity 50 machine. Genotyping was carried out using polymorphic TNF-α markers (G308A, IL-10 G1082A, IL-17A G197A, IL-17F А161Н0 by polymerase chain reaction with an electrophoretic scheme for detecting the result of “SNP-EXPRESS”.

Results. RHD homozygotes for TNF-а A308A had the largest linear dimensions of the left ventricle (left ventricle end-diastolic dimension (LVED) — 5,80±0,22 cm, left ventricle end-systolic dimension (LVES) — 3,93±0,27 cm), as well as the studied homozygous for IL-17A A197A (LVED — 5,81±0,13 cm, LVES — 3,78±0,11 cm). In group of TNF-α G308G homozygotes, values of right heart (right ventricle — 2,75±0,05 cm, right atrium — 4,80±0,11 cm) were the largest and mitral valve orifice area (MVOA) was smallest — 1,52±0,04 cm2. Heterozygous patients with IL-17F Д161Н also had a greater dilatation of the ventricles compared with homozygotes of IL-17F Н161Н, in which parameters were close to normal (LVED 5,58±0,05 cm, LVES 3,68±0,04 cm). There was no statistically significant difference in linear sizes of the left and right heart in patients with IL-10 polymorphism. IL-10 polymorphism patients had statistically significant MVOA differences: minimum MVOA in G1082A heterozygotes — 1,40±0,06 cm2and maximum — 1,64±0,04 cm2in G1082G homozygotes. IL-10 G1082G homozygotes was characterized by maximum values of interventricular septum — 1,13±0,04 cm, left ventricular posterior wall — 1,10±0,03 cm.

Conclusion. Homozygosity of TNF-α A308A and IL-17A A197A in RHD patients leads to the largest linear sizes of the left ventricle, and homozygosity for TNF-а G308G — to the maximum sizes of the right heart and left atrium against the background of the minimum sizes of MVOA. IL-10 polymorphism has not effect on heart linear dimensions, but IL-10 G1082G leads to maximum MVOA size.
Polymorphic variants of genes encoding Ca(2+)-transporting sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins in the progression of chronic heart failure
Authors: Muslimova E. F. , Rebrova T. Yu. , Archakov E. A. , Akhmedov Sh. D. , Budnikova O. V. , Batalov R. E. , Afanasiev S. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the association between polymorphic rs1860561 variants of Ca(2+)-ATPase SERCA2a (ATP2A2) gene and rs3766871 of ryanodine receptor (RYR2) gene and the severity of chronic heart failure (CHF).

Material and methods. We determined rs1860561 and rs3766871 variants of the ATP2A2 and RYR2 genes, respectively, in 168 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and CHF using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results. A statistically significant (p=0,046) decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction in AA homozygotes of the ATP2A2 gene compared to carriers of the G allele was shown. But among GG homozygotes, patients with FC II CHF prevailed and participants with FC I CHF were less common than among patients with genotype GA (p=0,041).

Conclusion. The association of the AA genotype carriage for the rs1860561 variant of the ATP2A2 gene encoding Ca(2+)-ATPase SERCA2a, with a decrease in the left ventricle ejection fraction in patients with CHF and CAD was revealed. At the same time, among the GG homozygotes, FC I CHF was the least prevalent. There was no association of the rY3766871 variant of the RYR2 gene with CHF severity.
Polymorphic variant rs1739843 of heat shock protein beta-7 (HSPB7) gene and its relationship with on clinical profile and outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (results of a 10-year follow-up)
Authors: Streltsova A. A. , Gudkova A. Y. , Poliakova A. A. , Pyko S. A. , Kostareva A. A.
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the impact of polymorphic variant rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene on clinical profile and outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Material and methods. The study population consisted of 108 patients with HCM ≥45 years old. The control group included 192 healthy donors. The design of the study included an assessment of the clinical course, determining the outcome of HCM using a new methodological approach proposed by Rowin EJ, et al. (2017). Polymorphic variant rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene was genotyped by allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Results. It was found a significant increase in frequency of TT genotype of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene in patients with HCM — 20,4%, compared with control group — 4,2% (ТТ: ТС+СС, odds ratio (OR) =5,88, 95% confidence interval (CI) =2,52-13,75, p<0,001). High prevalence of CC genotype of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene was observed in control group — 80,2% vs 31,5% in HCM group (CC: ТС+TT, OR=0,11, 95% CI=0,07-0,19, p<0,001). The allele frequency (С:Т) also differs between HCM and control groups — 55,6:44,4% in HCM vs 88,02:11,98% in control group (OR=5,88, 95% CI=3,91-8,85, p<0,001). It was also found a significant increase in frequency of TT genotype and T allele of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene in HCM patients with oligosymptomatic HCM course — 16,7%, compared with control group — 4,2% (ТТ: ТС+СС, OR=4,60, 95% CI=1,63-12,99, p<0,001). HCM patients ≥45 years old showed a significant increase in T allele frequency in cases of presence of 2 (FC III-IV CHF (chronic heart failure)+AF (atrial fibrillation), 18,8% vs 6,6%) and 3 adverse pathways (FC III-IV CHF+AF+SCD (sudden cardiac death), 4,2% vs 1,6%).

Conclusion. HCM progression along 2 and more adverse pathways in patients ≥45 years old has been characterized with adverse outcome. The T allele and TT genotype of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene were more frequent in patients with HCM ≥45 years old, compared with control group. It was also found a significant increase in frequency of TT genotype and T allele of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene in HCM patients with oligosymptomatic HCM course, compared with control group.

Allele T of rs1739843 of the HSPB7 gene is associated with 2 and more adverse pathways of HCM progression.
Biochemical profile of Mangalarga Marchador mares during the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation
Authors: Silva Micheline Ozana da , Ribeiro Filho José Dantas , Dantas Waleska de Melo Ferreira , Ribeiro Bruna Maria , Ermita Pedro Ancelmo Nunes , Monteiro Lorena Chaves , Costa Caio Monteiro , Silva Glaucia Matos Marques da , Alves Samuel Rodrigues , Avanza Marcel Ferreira Bastos , Santos Paulo Vinicius de Morais , Manso Filho Hélio Cordeiro
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Adaptive changes in metabolism may occur under specific physiological conditions, being necessary the knowledge of the biochemical constituents that can undergo variations during the sixty days before foaling, until the first sixty days of lactation. The present study aimed to identify and evaluate the biochemical profile of Mangalarga Marchador mares during the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation. For this, 48 mares were used, which formed a maintenance group (MG), composed of non-pregnant mares and an experimental group, called the transition group (TG), formed by pregnant mares. Blood samples were collected at the following times: MG was evaluated in a single time (beginning of all collections); TG was evaluated in seven times [T-60, T-30, T-15 (days before foaling), T0 (first six hours after foaling), T15, T30, T60 (days after foaling)]. All animals were submitted to biochemical analysis, in which the concentrations of total calcium, chloride, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, uric acid, creatinine, and urea were measured. The two groups differed significantly (P<0.05) in calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, creatinine, uric acid and urea concentration. Variation between times was also observed for these compounds. However, chloride and phosphorus did not differ between MG and TG. It was concluded that the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation exerts major influence on the biochemical constituents of blood through adjustments to maintain homeostasis in mares.
Soil cadmium extraction in Chinese cabbage and cabbage intercropping
Authors: Wan Jiayue , Bao Hexigeduleng , Huang Lihong , Ding Yanfei , Chen Zhixiang , Zhu Cheng
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Toxic metals contamination of soil has become a serious problem in recent years. In this study, Chinese cabbage (a relatively high-accumulator of cadmium (Cd)) and cabbage (a relatively low-accumulator of Cd) were cultured in monoculture and in intercropping in the Cd-contaminated soil, to evaluate the effect of intercropping on the alteration of Cd extraction. Both the pot experiments and field experiments indicated that intercropping increased the Cd extraction by Chinese cabbage and decreased the Cd extraction by cabbage. Thus, Cd extraction was advanced while safe production was obtained. Further pot experiment was conducted to investigate the alterations of soil Cd fractions, soil pH, and soil enzyme activities to reveal their possible relationship with Cd extraction between different planting patterns. Results revealed that three individual Chinese cabbages in one intercropping pot played the same effect on alteration of these factors as six individual Chinese cabbages in one monoculture pot. The intercropping increased Cd extraction by Chinese cabbage and decreased Cd extraction by cabbage, probably by influencing mechanisms such as soil enzyme activities (especially the urease activity) in the cultivation system. Effect of intercropping on Cd accumulation is an important issue in cultivation of vegetables in potentially contaminated land.
Family farming and institutional markets: analysis of the perception of Universidade Federal de Pelotas restaurant goers about a preferential shopping system
Authors: Anjos Flávio Sacco dos , Pollnow Germano Ehlert , Menezes Gabrielito Rauter , Caldas Nádia Velleda , Silveira Danielle Farias da
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this article was to investigate the perception of the students of the school restaurants of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) on a system of preferential purchases. This is done through public calls that give preference to production coming from the family agriculture of Pelotas and region. A semi-structured questionnaire (survey) was applied focusing on the level of knowledge and information of respondents on what is family farming, on the aforementioned system and their respective social developments. It was verified that there are differences of perception according to the area of knowledge of the respondents. Meanwhile, there is great convergence regarding the importance of this system for the regional economy.
Socio-demographic and economic indicators in gender structure in the middle Taurus mountainous villages of Turkey
Authors: Davran Müge Kantar , Öztornacı Burak , Özalp Burhan
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Socio-demographic and economic indicators are very important clues to scientists and institutions to direct development programs for the empowerment of rural women. The goal of this study is to determine the status of rural women living in the Taurus mountainous villages of Turkey according to socio-demographic and economic indicators as related to gender structure. In this research area, there is not enough official data related to socio-demographic and economic indicators about mountainous rural women, like in most developing countries. For this study, the authors collected data from 146 women and 133 men using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. In this research area, we found that women occupy positions of low power compared to men when taking socio-demographic and economic indicators into account. Women tend to define themselves as housewives instead of farmers, and their tendency to migrate to cities were higher than men’s.
Molecular detection of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in dogs from municipality of Belém, State of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Brandão Verucia Maria Dias , Barrozo Pedro Henrique Marques , Sousa Luciane Oeiras , Santos Rafaelle Cunha dos , Schwanke Katiane , Sampaio Junior Francisco Dantas , Prado Welton Seabra , Amaral Alessandra Scofield , Cavalcante Gustavo Góes
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: The occurrence of diseases transmitted by ticks in dogs is very frequent in Brazil, among these diseases we can highlight the ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis, which are caused by Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys, respectively. The objective of this study was to survey the occurrence of these pathogens in blood samples from domiciled and stray dogs from the city of Belém, Pará. Two hundred and seventy six dogs were sampled for convenience, and the DNA extracted from the blood of these animals was submitted to nested-PCR for research of E. canis and A. platys. E. canis DNA was detected in 39.4% (109/276) and A. platys DNA in 23.1% (64/276) of the samples, there was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of these agents (P<0.0001), and there was coinfection in 13.4% (37/276) of animals. The frequency of detection of these parasites was higher in stray dogs than in those domiciled for both E. canis (OR=2.84) and A. platys (OR=10.5). Considering the results, it was possible to conclude that E. canis and A. platys are present in the studied population, with stray dogs being more affected by these parasites.
ORTHOPEDIC ASSESSMENT OF THE HIPS IN NEWBORNS AFTER INITIAL PEDIATRIC SURVEY
Authors: Gonzalez Felipe Chioro , Fontes Felipe , Maia Guilherme de Albuquerque Souza , Ferro James Augusto Soares , Fortes David Leite , Leal Daniel Mendes
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze and follow-up patients previously selected by pediatricians at the time of birth who presented altered initial physical examination results to identify the pathological changes in their hips. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 34 newborns (68 hips) out of a total of 1273 live births; these infants were assessed within the first days of life as altered findings were noted in the initial examination by the pediatrician. The results of clinical and ultrasonographic examination performed using the GRAF method and of specific treatments were analyzed. Results: Of the 68 hips in 34 patients, 2 hips in 2 patients required intervention using the Pavlik harness for 8 weeks; a satisfactory treatment outcome was obtained in both cases. Conclusions: Despite the low orthopedic workload in medical courses, it was possible to identify data consistent with the literature, both in the presentation of clinical findings and in those that required treatment, indicating that an initial evaluation of all newborns is mandatory, especially those with risk factors. Level of evidence IV, case series.