bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Developments and Applications of Tactile Sensors with Biomimetic Microstructures
Authors: Huang Fengchang , Sun Xidi , Xu Qiaosheng , Cheng Wen , Shi Yi , Pan Lijia
Published: February 2025

Humans possess an innate ability to perceive a wide range of objects through touch, which allows them to interact effectively with their surroundings. Similarly, tactile perception in artificial sensory systems enables the acquisition of object properties, human physiological signals, and environmental information. Biomimetic tactile sensors, as an emerging sensing technology, draw inspiration from biological systems and exhibit high sensitivity, rapid response, multimodal perception, and stability. By mimicking biological mechanisms and microstructures, these sensors achieve precise detection of mechanical signals, thereby paving the way for advancements in tactile sensing applications. This review provides an overview of key sensing mechanisms, microstructure designs, and advanced fabrication techniques of biomimetic tactile sensors. The system architecture design of biomimetic tactile sensing systems is also explored. Furthermore, the review highlights significant applications of these sensors in recent years, including texture recognition, human health detection, and human–machine interaction. Finally, the key challenges and future development prospects related to biomimetic tactile sensors are discussed.
Everyday Memory Questionnaire—Revised (EMQ-R): Psychometric Validation of the European Portuguese Version in Non-Clinical Sample
Authors: Rodrigues Pedro F. S. , Bártolo Ana , Ribeiro Bruna , López-Higes Ramón , Rubio-Valdehita Susana , Caetano Ana Paula , Fernandes Sara M.
Published: February 2025

The present study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and present a psychometric validation for the Everyday Memory Questionnaire—Revised (EMQ-R) to the Portuguese population. The study involved 267 participants aged between 18 and 75 years (M = 39.32; SD = 14.8), recruited online. Self-report measures of anxiety and depression symptoms were administered to assess the instrument’s convergent validity. To examine the factorial structure of the measure, a two-step validation process was employed. Given the uncertainty about the optimal measurement model, the sample was randomly divided into two independent subsamples. First, a principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to explore the factorial structure. Next, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to validate the identified structure. The results supported a unidimensional structure consisting of 12 items, suggesting that perceived memory difficulties are best represented as a single overarching factor. High reliability was observed for this structure (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega values ≥ 0.90). The results also indicated that general memory complaints were moderately correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the study highlighted the promising potential of the measure as a screening tool for detecting subjective memory complaints, with an optimal cut-off score of 16 points. Future studies should focus on validating the EMQ-R with clinical samples, exploring its discriminative ability, and examining the stability of the cut-off score across different populations and contexts.
Numerical Study on In-Plane Behaviour of Light Timber-Framed Wall Elements Under a Horizontal Load Impact
Authors: Premrov Miroslav , Šilih Erika Kozem
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the many different parameters of the in-plane flexibility problem regarding the lateral behaviour of light timber-framed (LTF) wall elements with different types of sheathing material (FPB, OSB, or even reinforced concrete), as well as the thickness of the timber frame elements (internal or external wall elements). The analysis simultaneously considers bending, shear, and timber-to-framing connection flexibility, while assuming stiff-supported wall elements as prescribed by Eurocode 5. Particular emphasis is placed on the sliding deformation between sheathing boards and the timber frame, which can significantly reduce the overall stiffness of LTF wall elements. The influence of fastener spacing (s) on sliding deformation and overall stiffness is comprehensively analysed, as well as the different bending and shear behaviours of the various sheathing materials. The results show that reducing the fastener spacing can significantly improve the stiffness of OSB wall elements, while it is less critical for FPB elements used in mid-rise timber buildings. A comparison of external and internal wall elements revealed a minimal difference in racking stiffness (3.3%) for OSB and FPB specimens, highlighting their comparable performance. The inclusion of RC sheathing on one side of the LTF elements showed significant potential to improve torsional behaviour and in-plane racking stiffness, making it a viable solution for strengthening prefabricated multi-storey timber buildings. These findings provide valuable guidance for optimizing the design of LTF walls, ensuring improved structural performance and extended application possibilities in modern timber construction.
Traditional Malay House Preservation: Guidelines for Structural Evaluation
Authors: Alsheikh Mahmoud Sara , Bin Hashim Huzaifa
Published: February 2025

The traditional Malay house is a significant component of the Malay cultural heritage and a key example of vernacular architecture. It is characterised by its outstanding design and the various styles across Malaysia. Traditional Malay houses experience deterioration and damage due to various threats, resulting in many houses being abandoned. A thorough structural evaluation is crucial for preserving the traditional Malay house. This research aimed to develop guidelines for the global structural evaluation of the Malay house. A case study approach was adopted in this research. Site visits, visual surveys, geometrical surveys, and dilapidation surveys were also employed. The research involved structural analysis using SAP2000. The results revealed the vulnerability of the houses to lateral forces, sliding, and differential settlement under scouring. The key structural members have adequate load-bearing capacity, which might be compromised under certain conditions, as in the case of deterioration. These results helped identify potential safety concerns and led to the development of guidelines for the global structural evaluation of Malay houses. The guidelines cover analysis inputs and modelling techniques in terms of material, geometry, joints, and foundations. They address load criteria and the impacts of flooding and scouring on the structural behaviour of the traditional Malay house. The guidelines, finally, recommend that structural checks be considered. This research contributes to traditional Malay house preservation by providing an evidence-based approach to designing preservation measures.
Cluster-Based Protection Mechanisms for Coastal Traditional Villages: A Complex Network Analysis Approach with a Case Study of Rongcheng, Shandong Province (Part 1)
Authors: Wang Hanyang , Wang Yuetao , Ren Zhen , Wu Chengbin , Song Wenpeng
Published: February 2025

Traditional villages are intricate socio-spatial systems shaped by multi-scalar interactions encompassing natural, cultural, and hierarchical dimensions. Despite their significant cultural and ecological value, conventional unit-based conservation methods often overlook systemic interdependencies within and between villages, leading to spatial fragmentation, inefficient resource utilization, and the erosion of distinct cultural identities. To address these limitations, this study proposes a cluster-based protection framework, integrating complex network theory with GIS-supported spatial network analysis. Focusing on Rongcheng’s coastal villages in Shandong Province, the research develops a multi-scale analytical model, incorporating macro-regional clusters, meso-level village group dynamics, and micro-unit cultural nodes. By leveraging clustering effects, the model enhances connectivity, cultural synergies, and network resilience. The findings offer a systematic and scalable conservation strategy, providing actionable insights to align heritage preservation with regional development and ecological sustainability, while ensuring broad applicability across diverse geographical and cultural contexts.
Unlocking the Microbial Symphony: The Interplay of Human Microbiota in Cancer Immunotherapy Response
Authors: Chacon Jessica , Faizuddin Farah , McKee Jack C. , Sheikh Aadil , Vasquez Victor M. , Gadad Shrikanth S. , Mayer Ghislaine , Siby Sharon , McCabe Molly , Dhandayuthapani Subramanian
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The emergence of cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, offering remarkable outcomes for patients across various malignancies. However, the heterogeneous response to immunotherapy underscores the necessity of understanding additional factors influencing treatment efficacy. Among these factors, the human microbiota has garnered significant attention for its potential role in modulating immune response. Body: This review explores the intricate relationship between the human microbiota and cancer immunotherapy, highlighting recent advances and potential mechanisms underlying microbial influence on treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Insights into the microbiome’s impact on immunotherapy response not only deepen our understanding of cancer pathogenesis but also hold promise for personalized therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing patient outcomes.
Nanostructured Materials for Solar and Visible Light-Driven Photocatalysis
Authors: Lo Porto Chiara , De Pasquale Ilaria , Comparelli Roberto
Published: February 2025

Recently, ecological imbalance has emerged as a significant environmental concern, driven by the contamination of surface water from rapid industrial development and the improper disposal of household waste [...]
Predicting Tolerance to Cow’s Milk Allergy in Children Using IgE and IgG4 Peptide Binding Profiles
Authors: Fernández-Lozano Carlos , Olmos-Piñero Sergio , Sánchez-Ruano Laura , Terrados Soledad , Diéguez Mª del Carmen , Fernández-Rivas Montserrat , Vlaicu Cristina , Cerecedo Inmaculada , Gonzalo-Fernandez Alejandro , de la Hoz Belén , Martínez-Botas Javier
Published: February 2025

Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is the most common food allergy in infants. This study aimed to identify peptide biomarkers predictive of tolerance in a Spanish population of children with CMA. We investigated specific IgE and IgG4 binding to sequential epitopes of the five major CM allergens (α-s1-, α-s2-, β-, and κ-caseins as well as β-lactoglobulin) using a microarray-based immunoassay. Microarray analysis was performed in 118 patients at baseline and after 6, 18, 30, 42, and 54 months. Most patients tolerated CM at 6 months (40.7%) and 18 months (35.4%). We found significant differences in IgE and IgG4 binding intensity and diversity between allergic and tolerant patients. No differences were observed at baseline. Combining baseline IgE and IgG4 serology variables and peptide microarray analysis results, a predictive model was developed using the XGBoost algorithm to classify tolerance status at different time points. The generated models showed high predictive value at 6 and 30 months with AUCs of 0.883 and 0.833, respectively. Therefore, using IgE and IgG4 antibody-binding peptides at baseline, we generated two models predicting tolerance in children with cow’s milk allergy at 6 and 30 months.
Endoscopic Myringoplasty for Pediatric Tympanic Membrane Perforations: Is It Worth It?
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Monzani Daniele , Arietti Valerio , Bonasera Flavia , Bianconi Luca , Sacchetto Luca
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: The endoscopic repair of the tympanic membrane is an established method for addressing perforations in the tympanic membrane. However, there are limited studies in the literature examining the success rate of this procedure in the pediatric population. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed data from the tertiary referral center at the University Hospital of Verona, Italy. This medical record contains data from 84 type 1 transcanal endoscopic tympanoplasties performed in pediatric patients between November 2014 and February 2022. Seventy-seven pediatric patients aged 4 to 16 years who underwent type 1 transcanal endoscopic tympanoplasty (seven of whom underwent bilateral surgery at different time points) were included in the study. Our study did not include more extensive procedures than type 1 endoscopic tympanoplasty. Only patients with tympanic membrane perforation due to simple chronic otitis media, trauma or when no apparent cause was found were included. Chronic otitis with cholesteatoma and other pathologies of the external or middle ear were exclusion criteria. Patients with a follow-up of less than 12 months were excluded from this study. The technique was based on the endoscopic placement of an underlay graft of temporal fascia or tragal cartilage to repair a tympanic membrane perforation. Demographic, clinical, audiologic, and surgical data were collected from each patient. In the study, we considered the reduction of the air-bone gap (ABG) as a functional outcome and the integrity of the reconstruction as an anatomic outcome of success. Results: The primary surgery had a closure rate of 92.9% (78 of 84). All patients underwent audiological evaluation 4–6 months post-surgery, with 84 ears tested. The mean preoperative ABG was 17.13 dB HL, reduced to 9.16 dB HL postoperatively, showing a mean reduction of 7.97 dB HL. No significant complications occurred. Conclusions: Transcanal endoscopic type 1 tympanoplasty should be considered a safe procedure with a high success rate for the repair of tympanic membrane perforations, even in pediatric patients.
Effectiveness of Intraosseous Local Anesthesia (QuickSleeper 5) During Pulpotomy and Stainless Steel Crown Placement on Mandibular Primary Molars: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: AlRaddadi Zeyad A. , AlHowaish Latifa A. , Sulimany Ayman M.
Published: February 2025

Background: Effective pain management during dental procedures is essential to ensure positive treatment outcomes, particularly for pediatric patients. Intraosseous anesthesia, administered via the QuickSleeper system, has shown promise as an alternative to traditional local anesthesia techniques. Methods: A single-blinded split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial took place at the dental hospital at King Saud University with 33 healthy patients (aged 4–9 years), who required pulpotomies and stainless steel crown procedures on two mandibular primary molars, to evaluate the effectiveness of two local anesthetic techniques. Each tooth was randomly assigned to receive 4% articaine either delivered via the intraosseous route using QuickSleeper 5 or buccal infiltration. The effectiveness of the anesthesia was evaluated by the number of injections needed and at various stages using the Sounds, Eyes, and Motor (SEM) scale. Postoperative complications, including pain, swelling, and lip numbness, were assessed through follow-up phone calls with the patients’ legal guardians. Results: The techniques demonstrated comparable effectiveness; there were no statistically significant differences in the number of injections and in the SEM scale scores. Minimal postoperative complications were reported: lip biting (two cases) and prolonged numbness (nine cases) were reported only when buccal infiltration was used, and swelling and pain were reported when both techniques were used. Conclusions: Intraosseous anesthesia via the QuickSleeper 5 system is comparable to traditional buccal infiltration anesthesia for pulpotomies and stainless steel crown procedures in pediatric mandibular molars. Intraosseous anesthesia offers the added benefit of reduced soft tissue numbness and associated complications.
Diagnostic Value of Umbilical Cord Blood Interleukin-6 Level in Premature Infants with Early-Onset Sepsis
Authors: Yuan Jinfang , Wu Yufeng , Zhang Yahui , Zeng Lin , Zhou Jiansuo , Piao Meihua , Tong Xiaomei , Wei Yuan , Cui Liyan , Han Tongyan
Published: February 2025

Objective: Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is a serious, grave, and frequently fatal condition in premature infants. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in umbilical cord blood for identifying EOS in preterm infants. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on preterm infants between May 2019 and April 2021. Based on the diagnostic criteria for EOS, the participants were divided into EOS and non-EOS groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of cord blood IL-6 levels for EOS. Results: The levels of IL-6 were significantly higher in the EOS group (n = 10) compared to the non-EOS group (n = 178) [617.5 pg/mL (323.3, 1579.8) vs. 49.7 pg/mL (15.8, 142.8), respectively; p = 0.000]. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that a cutoff value of 250.5 pg/mL for cord blood IL-6 yielded a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 82%, and area under the curve of 0.876, with a confidence interval of 0.753–0.999, indicating its high accuracy as a diagnostic marker for EOS among preterm infants (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The detection of IL-6 in the umbilical cord blood offers convenience and exhibits significant diagnostic potential for EOS in preterm infants, thereby providing valuable support for clinical decision-making.
A Comprehensive Review Exploring the Role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins [BMP]: Biological Mechanisms
Authors: Kalal Akanksha A. , Mohapatra Satyajit
Published: February 2025

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β family. They perform diverse roles in development, osteogenesis, and vasculogenesis. BMPs have crucial functions in embryonic development and regulate the specialization of various cell types. The dysregulation of BMP activity at various stages in signal transduction is associated with a diverse range of human diseases. It is not surprising that BMPs also have a role in tumor formation and control the progression of cancer through different phases. Nevertheless, their specific roles remain ambiguous and the findings regarding this have been inconsistent. The objective of this review is to highlight the important functions of BMP ligands, receptors, and signaling mediators and the subsequent effects on final cellular responses resulting from these signaling modalities. This review elucidates the dysregulation of BMPs identified in various cancer types, which serves as a predictive sign for favorable results in cancer therapy. Alterations in the BMP pathway can represent a crucial milestone in the genetic and molecular mechanisms that facilitate cancer formation. This review has shown that alterations in certain components of the BMP pathway are evident in various tumor forms, including breast, gastric, colorectal, and myeloma cancer. This review reinforces the conclusion that BMPs exert both beneficial and detrimental effects on cancer biology. Collectively, these findings indicate that BMPs serve multiple functions in cancer; therefore, directing therapeutic efforts to focus on BMP may be a highly effective method for treating several cancers.
Study on the Effect of SmFeN Content on the Wave-Absorbing Properties of SmFeN/YSZ Composite Thermal Barrier Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spraying
Authors: Lu Tianni , Zhang Hongning , Zhang Wenshu , Liu Bo , Huang Zhenwei , Li Na , Yang Bing , Wang Anguo , Liu Chunzhong
Published: February 2025

In this study, SmFeN/YSZ thermal barrier coating (TBC) composites with SmFeN mass fractions of 25 wt.%, 30 wt.%, and 50 wt.% were synthesized using plasma spraying technology. Testing methods, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the coaxial method, were comprehensively employed to systematically and thoroughly investigate the influence of SmFeN content on the microstructure, electromagnetic wave absorption performance, and the underlying mechanism of the composites. The research results show that during the plasma spraying process, a significant phase transformation occurred in the SmFeN/YSZ mixed powder, where the original Sm2Fe12N2.9 phase transformed into Fe4N and Sm3Fe5O12 phases. However, this phase transformation did not have an adverse effect on the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the coating. On the contrary, further research revealed that the newly formed Fe4N phase plays a decisive role in the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the coating. When the SmFeN mass fraction was 30%, the proportion of Fe4N in the coating reached its peak. At this time, the impedance matching characteristics of the coating were significantly optimized, and the dipole orientation polarization rate was significantly increased. This enhanced the dielectric relaxation loss capacity of the coating and broadened the electromagnetic wave absorption frequency band. Specifically, the coating exhibited a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −52.371 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) as high as 2.1588 GHz, covering a frequency range from 11.0739 GHz to 13.2327 GHz. This result indicates that there is great application potential in preparing electromagnetic wave absorption coatings using SmFeN/YSZ mixed powder.
Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Extra-Abdominal Desmoid Tumors—A Review
Authors: Taqi Kadhim , Stockley Cecily , Wood Melissa , Przybojewski Stefan , Bouchard-Fortier Antoine , Mack Lloyd
Published: February 2025

The management of desmoid tumors (DTs) often poses challenges due to their variable clinical behavior, with treatment options including active surveillance, systemic therapy, and local therapies including surgery, ablation, and radiation. More recently, cryotherapy has emerged as a promising localized treatment for DTs. We aimed to conduct a review of the indications, techniques, and outcomes of cryotherapy in the treatment of extra-abdominal DTs. The review suggests that cryotherapy can be effectively used for both curative and debulking purposes, with a significant number of patients achieving symptom relief, disease stabilization, or regression. Although generally safe, cryotherapy is associated with potential risks, particularly when critical structures are in proximity. Overall, cryotherapy offers a viable, minimally invasive treatment option for DTs, with favorable outcomes in both symptom relief and tumor control.
Phytosociological Research and Meaningful Learning: Constructivist Approaches for Teaching Vegetation
Authors: Cano-Ortiz Ana , Musarella Carmelo Maria , Cano Eusebio
Published: February 2025

Phytosociology reached its peak development during the 20th century, particularly after 1992 with the implementation of the EU Habitats Directive, which incorporated plant associations into habitat classifications. The objective of this study is to assess the diversity of Mediterranean grasslands using the phytosociological methodology, focusing specifically on the PBTs and BsHl associations. Although both types of grasslands are of interest for livestock farming, we emphasize those belonging to Poetea bulbosae (PbTs), which are included in the priority habitat 6220 and are of high value for sheep grazing. The results indicate that Vca-Vco = 0.390 for PBTs and 0.525 for BsHl, the latter due to the absence of companion species diversity in BsHl. A strong linear correlation was observed for both associations, with R2 > 0.8 for PbTs and R2 > 0.9 for BdHl. Given the importance of grassland diversity research, its teaching should be predominantly practical and conducted outside the classroom. To achieve this, an inquiry-based constructivist methodology is employed, which is particularly suitable for learning the phytosociological method, allowing students to take ownership of their learning process. The aim of this teaching approach is to expose students to field research methodologies, enhancing their scientific training. The results are highly positive, with a 100% success rate in students’ comprehension of the two grassland types after the teaching-learning process.
A User Journey: Development of Drone-Based Medication Delivery—Meeting Developers and Co-Developers’ Expectations
Authors: Lehmann Anne , Kalter Ivonne , Jahn Patrick , Fink Franziska
Published: February 2025

This study builds on initial ADApp research that identified the factors that influence the intention to use a pharmacy drone app for urgent medication delivery. While previous studies and theories have predominantly focused on user acceptance alone, the present qualitative study introduced a holistic model that integrates user acceptance theories as well as user-centered design principles and technology features. It focused on the user journey to derive core statements from the development of a drone-based application using a qualitative theory synthesis approach (study 1), and explored the perceived participatory collaboration between developers (software and drone developers) and co-developers (core group participants) using final tandem discussions and a qualitative content analysis method (study 2). Study 1 resulted in the identification of eight categories that serve as technical working goals for future participatory technology development. Study 2 identified five critical factors that provide insight into the unique challenges and goals of collaborative development. Both studies contribute to a better understanding of the essential factors that lead to successful participatory processes between developers and co-developers aimed at increasing usability and intention to use. Based on these findings, an integrated model is presented to support participatory design strategies in healthcare technology development.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes Complications and In-Hospital Mortality in the United States: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Burress Lainy A. , Clements John M.
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To describe the association of race with type 2 diabetes complications and determine if differences in rates of complications exist between racial/ethnic groups of adult type 2 diabetes patients in the United States. Additionally, we model the odds of in-hospital patient mortality across racial/ethnic groups. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the 2018 National Inpatient Sample of Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, including 97,314 unweighted and 486,500 weighted adults with type 2 diabetes. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the association of race with diabetes complications, along with z-tests to determine the differences in complication rates of 11 different complications between racial/ethnic groups and binary logistic regression to model in-hospital mortality. Results: Our analysis revealed significant racial/ethnic disparities in both complication rates and odds of in-hospital mortality. Whites had the lowest rate of complications overall, except for arthropathy/oral complications (18.8%) and foot/skin ulcers (18.2%), while Black/African Americans had the highest rates of hyperosmolarity (7.3%), ketoacidosis (21.2%), neurological complications (8.9%), and hyperglycemia (13.4%). Asian/Pacific Islanders had the highest rates of hypoglycemia (17.6%) as well as kidney (7.2%) and ophthalmic (0.3%) complications, and Hispanics the highest rates of circulatory complications (19.0%). Hispanic ethnicity was associated with 10.6% reduced odds of in-hospital mortality, and Asian/Pacific Islanders and Other races had increased odds of mortality by 25.2% and 27.0%, respectively. Notably, neurological (OR = 0.278, 95% CI: 0.111, 0.702) complications and hyperglycemia (OR = 0.304, 95% CI: 0.124, 0.749) were associated with a reduction in mortality odds by 62.2% and 69.6%, possibly reflecting the study’s focus on in-hospital rather than all-cause or 30-day mortality. Conclusions: We demonstrated disparities in both rates of type 2 diabetes complications and odds of mortality between different racial/ethnic groups. These results lay groundwork for future research into the root causes of these disparities and highlight the importance of targeting interventions and equitable case for those most at risk.
Development and Validation of a Combined RT-LAMP Assay for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Dengue Virus in Clinical Samples from Colombia
Authors: Hurtado-Gómez Leidy , Escorcia-Lindo Katherine , Rosero Juan Sebastian , Solano Llanos Nataly , Barrios Sánchez Camilo , Díaz Pérez Anderson , Díaz-Olmos Yirys , García Jennifer , Bello-Lemus Yesit , Pacheco-Londoño Leonardo C. , Acosta Hoyos Antonio J. , Pacheco-Lugo Lisandro A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a significant public health concern in several tropical and subtropical regions, where early and rapid detection is crucial for effective patient management and controlling the spread of the disease. Particularly in resource-limited, rural healthcare settings where dengue is endemic, there exists a need for diagnostic methods that are both easy to perform and highly sensitive. Objective: This study focuses on the development and validation of a single-tube reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification termed TURN-RT-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the detection of DENV. Methodology: The TURN-RT-LAMP assay designed in this study combines two sets of primers targeting the 5′- and 3′-UTR of DENV, with the aim to increase the sensitivity of detection. Results: Clinical validation of the TURN-RT-LAMP assay using samples collected from febrile individuals with a serological or antigenic diagnosis revealed a sensitivity of >96%. The performance of this assay was statistically compared with that of the standard diagnostic method, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions: The results support the potential of RT-LAMP as a rapid, sensitive, and specific tool for the diagnosis and surveillance of dengue, particularly suitable for field use in low-resource settings.
Retinochoroidal and Optic Nerve Head Microstructural and Microvascular Age-Related Changes in Healthy Eyes
Authors: Gobeka Hamidu Hamisi , Şenol Yiğit , Bektur Kyzy Tolgonai , Ay İbrahim Ethem , Doğan Mustafa
Published: February 2025

Background: To investigate the retinochoroidal and optic nerve head (ONH) microstructural and microvascular age-related changes in healthy subjects by examining the ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness (GC-IPLT), vessel density (VD), and their ratio. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 203 subjects (20–69 years old) were divided into five age groups: 20–29 (G1), 30–39 (G2), 40–49 (G3), 50–59 (G4), and 60–69 (G5) (G5). Following a thorough ophthalmological examination, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) scanning was performed along with OCT angiography (OCTA) in a 6 × 6 mm2 scanning area. Results: After adjusting for axial length the GC-IPLT varied significantly among groups, with thickness peaking in G3 (39.63 ± 1.14 µm) and then decreasing to the lowest in G5 (34.15 ± 5.93 µm) (p = 0.008). The whole, foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) VDs all varied significantly among groups, peaking in G2 and falling to their lowest in G5 (p < 0.05). No significant differences existed among groups regarding the GC-IPLT/whole SCP VD (p = 0.163) or GC-IPLT/whole DCP VD (p = 0.258) ratios. The foveal VDs in a 300-μm wide region surrounding the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) (FD-300) varied significantly among groups, peaking in G1 (57.06 ± 0.58) and dropping to its lowest in G5 (53.54 ± 0.59) (p < 0.05). The choriocapillaris flow differed significantly among groups, peaking in G1 (20.39 ± 0.15 mm2) and dropping to its lowest in G5 (19.24 ± 0.16 mm2) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The retinochoroidal microstructure and microvasculature ratios display an inverted U-shaped pattern with age, which could be linked to a considerably decreased GC-IPLT versus capillary plexus VDs with age, notably in subjects in their sixties.
Severe Acute Kidney Injury with Necrotizing Glomerulonephritis After Piperacillin/Tazobactam Therapy in a Patient with Peritonitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Oh Youn-Sik , Han Man-Hoon , Kim Yong-Jin , Jeon You Hyun , Jung Hee-Yeon , Choi Ji-Young , Cho Jang-Hee , Park Sun-Hee , Kim Chan-Duck , Kim Yong-Lim , Lim Jeong-Hoon
Published: February 2025

Piperacillin/tazobactam (PT), a widely utilized broad-spectrum antibiotic, has been associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). Although the precise mechanism remains uncertain, and most cases of PT-associated AKI are mild, this report describes a rare and severe complication of PT, which manifested as severe AKI with necrotizing glomerulonephritis requiring hemodialysis. A 42-year-old man was transferred to the nephrology clinic due to progressive deterioration of kidney function. Prior to the transfer, the patient had been diagnosed with appendicitis complicated by peritonitis and received intravenous PT for 8 days. Baseline kidney function was normal, but serum creatinine subsequently increased to 7.2 mg/dL. Hemodialysis was initiated to address metabolic acidosis and edema. Kidney biopsy revealed severe acute tubular injury and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Steroid therapy was initiated based on the biopsy findings, and serum creatinine returned to normal levels after 4 weeks of treatment. This case demonstrates that severe AKI with necrotizing glomerulonephritis can occur after PT use. Prompt kidney biopsy and the timely initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are essential for a favorable outcome.
MAMA—Mandibular Advancement Magnetic Appliance: A Digital Workflow and a CAD–CAM Development of a New Mandibular Advancement Device for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Nucera Riccardo , Nastro Siniscalchi Enrico , Consolo Giancarlo , Calabrese Luigi , Caccamo Daniela , Bellocchio Angela Mirea , Portelli Marco
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Mandibular advancing devices (MADs) are removable intraoral apparatuses to use during sleep that modify the spatial position of the mandible, increasing airway patency and improving respiratory function at night in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods: In this work, a new mandibular advancement device useful for mild-to-moderate OSAS patients is presented. It is developed through a CAD–CAM process and involves a passive propulsion of the mandible thanks to the attraction of rare-earth magnets positioned in the thickness of two thermally molded PET-G devices. The use of a PET-G device compared to traditional resin ones offers several clinical advantages related to the innovative characteristics of this polymer, which allows the fabrication of thinner devices, with high resistance to fluid corrosion, resulting in less bulk inside the oral cavity. Results: The innovative feature of the device proposed by the authors is that mandibular propulsion induced by the attraction of the magnetic jigs is not affected by a patient’s mandibular posture during sleep. Conclusions: The original apparatus proposed by the authors determines a mesializing movement of the jaw through a different mechanism to traditional MADs and presents the great advantage of a digital and CAD–CAD workflow that can be developed directly by the clinicians in the practice.
Sequential Discrimination of Mixed Quantum States
Authors: Zhang Jin-Hua , Zhang Fu-Lin , Gao Yan , Qin Wei , Fei Shao-Ming
Published: February 2025

Classical mixtures of quantum states often give rise to decoherence and are generally considered detrimental to quantum processing. However, in the framework of sequential measurement, such mixtures can be beneficial for state discrimination. We investigate the sequential discrimination of mixed states and compare the results with those of pure states under the condition of equal fidelity. It is found that the successful probability of the mixed-state protocol is superior to the pure one under the equal-fidelity condition. It is shown that the difference between the sequential discrimination of pure and mixed states is more reliable under the equal-fidelity condition than under single-shot discrimination, and this difference increases with the mixability of the initial mixed states. For scenarios in which classical communication is allowed, the optimal successful probability of pure-state discriminations is larger than that for mixed states on the contrary. We also show that the classical mixture of basic vectors from quantum decoherence has a subtle impact on the communication channel induced by the coincidence of the maximal mutual information and optimal successful probability of sequential discrimination for pure states.
Population Genetic Structure of Convolvulus persicus L. in the Western Black Sea Region (Romania and Bulgaria) and Its Restricted Distribution
Authors: Mitoi Elena Monica , Maximilian Carmen , Holobiuc Irina , Mogîldea Daniela , Helepciuc Florența-Elena , Biță-Nicolae Claudia
Published: February 2025

Convolvulus persicus L. is an endangered narrow-range taxon, characteristic of the habitats along the coastal regions of the Caspian and the Black Seas. The aims of our research were to update the actual distribution area and the genetic evaluation of three representative populations from the western coastline of the Black Sea located in Sulina, Agigea, and Durankulak. ISSR amplifications were used to assess the genetic intrapopulation diversity and the genetic differentiation among populations. The average genetic polymorphism was 57.8 ± 16.03%. The intrapopulation genetic diversity parameters indicated that the Agigea population exhibits a higher genetic diversity, with this small population being part of the Agigea Marine Dunes Reserve. Although the interpopulation genetic distance was reduced (0.176–0.223) and the distribution of the total variation (AMOVA) was 57% within the population and 43% among the populations, the interpopulation genetic differentiation (PhiPT) was high (0.428, p < 0.001), probably due to the large geographical distances between the remaining populations. The populations’ genetic structures showed a lower genetic distance between the Agigea and Sulina samples. The clonability test supported the vegetative multiplication on the Durankulak and Sulina beaches. Our results showed that the genetic diversity and the distance among the populations in C. persicus were influenced by habitat conditions, destruction, and fragmentation, but also by conservation measures.
Insights and Challenges for Educational Leaders Supporting Families in Home Reading Practices
Authors: Colgate Mark , Colgate Orla
Published: February 2025

Educational leadership plays a pivotal role in fostering effective home reading practices for families with children in kindergarten to Grade 2. This study examines the literacy environments of 135 families across four schools and includes in-depth interviews with 20 parents to identify key challenges in early reading development. The findings reveal that many parents struggle with supporting their children in decoding unfamiliar words, establishing consistent reading habits, and understanding the reading acquisition process. The research highlights the need for targeted guidance and structured strategies to enhance home literacy practices. School leaders and educators are essential in bridging the gap between classroom instruction and home reading support. By strengthening family–school partnerships, enhancing parental engagement, and implementing sustainable systems, educational leaders can empower families and improve early reading outcomes. This study provides practical recommendations for school leaders and administrators to create environments that support collaborative reading efforts, ensuring that children receive the necessary reinforcement both in school and at home.
Enhancing Environmental Awareness in Tourism Through Movement: A Physical Education Approach
Authors: Yfantidou Georgia , Kouli Olga , Morela Eleftheria , Kouli Evgenia
Published: February 2025

Environmental degradation and climate change are of paramount concern and require urgent action. Physical education holds an important role in addressing environmental issues and contributing to environmental sustainability. The present study assesses the effectiveness of an intervention program to cultivate environmental awareness in fifth-grade children through physical activities and games in physical education. The participants were 74 children (39 girls and 35 boys) divided into two groups, the experimental and control group. Participants completed a scale assessing their knowledge of environmental issues, which had been shown by previous research to be valid and reliable for this population. The experimental procedure of the study included three stages: completing the questionnaire before the implementation of the intervention and at the end, as well as a retention measurement after four months. The results indicated that the students of the experimental group maintained a significantly higher level of knowledge of fundamental environmental concepts at the end of the program compared to their counterparts in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, children of the experimental group seemed to retain their knowledge as a result of the intervention program (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that interventions using physical education can serve as a meaningful strategy for promoting environmental care and sustainability and turn young tourists into tomorrow’s responsible consumers and travelers who respect and protect nature. Finally, such a process could potentially aim to increase environmental awareness as a learning experience through the provision of physical activity and recreation.
Circularity and Decarbonization Synergies in the Construction Sector: Implications for Zero-Carbon Energy Policy
Authors: Mikulėnas Manvydas , Šeduikytė Lina
Published: February 2025

This literature review explores the synergies between circularity and decarbonization principles in the construction sector, focusing on their potential to accelerate the transition to a carbon-neutral future. Through analysis of 61 studies, critical barriers are identified, such as data gaps, insufficient recycling infrastructure, and regulatory fragmentation, that hinder the integration of circular and low-carbon strategies. Regional disparities reveal that developed regions, supported by robust policies and infrastructure, lead in circularity adoption, while developing regions face systemic challenges, including limited material recovery networks and technological barriers. Previous studies have largely examined circularity and decarbonization separately, whereas this review provides a synthesis of their interdependencies, focusing on implementation challenges and regional disparities, highlighting synergetic solutions such as fiscal incentives, material passports and stricter end-of-life waste regulations, biobased and carbon-negative material innovations, and digitalization through tools like Building Information Modeling (BIM) and/or digital twins. However, complexity of circular solutions and lack of interdisciplinary collaboration forms a barrier against integration. This review emphasizes the need for standardized frameworks, cross-sectoral coordination, and targeted investments to ease integration of circularity and decarbonization.
New Advances in Energy Efficiency: Perspectives and Policies Towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Momete Daniela Cristina
Published: February 2025

In the quest towards finding new sources of energy to ensure stable, sufficient, and affordable energy, we must consider “the most universally available source of energy” [...]
E-Cigarette and Environment
Authors: Constantin Ancuta-Alina , Mihălțan Florin-Dumitru
Published: February 2025

Environmental exposure to e-cigarettes is a significant yet often overlooked issue in the medical field. In this review, we examine various aspects of exposure mechanisms, including the risks of secondhand and thirdhand vaping. Our findings highlight numerous environmental concerns related to the fabrication, consumption, and waste management of e-cigarettes. Additionally, we address the pressing issue of plastic pollution linked to vaping products. We also explore methods to protect passive vapers and propose strategies aimed at mitigating the environmental impact of e-cigarettes as well as safeguarding innocent bystanders.
Using Infrared Thermography to Assess Musculoskeletal Overload in the Hands of Harvester Operators
Authors: Martins Alysson Braun , Brioschi Marcos Leal , Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Lopes Eduardo da Silva
Published: February 2025

Mechanization in timber harvesting has improved the comfort and safety of operator workstations. However, there is an imminent ergonomic risk in relation to the repetition of movements, which can cause musculoskeletal injuries. The aim of this study was to apply infrared thermography to identify musculoskeletal overload in the hand region of harvester operators. This study was conducted on wood harvesting of homogeneous Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis stands using a forestry harvester tractor. Thermographic images were taken of seven operators at the beginning and end of the working day during six days of the shift. The maximum, average, and minimum temperatures were measured in 14 hand regions of interest (ROI), verifying the existence of a difference between the beginning and the end of work (p-value < 5%) by using the Mann–Whitney test. The operators presented hyperradiant temperature variation in the hand region after work, with a variation above 2.5 °C, indicating a high degree of abnormality. There was greater temperature variation in the right hand (3.7 °C) due to the greater concentration of commands on the machine’s right joystick. Infrared thermography has proven to be an important tool for functional imaging diagnosis, contributing to the reduction in risks of developing Repetitive Strain Injury/Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (RSI-WMSD).
Vegetation Mapping and Scenario Simulation in the Poyang Lake Basin of China
Authors: Wang Lingjing , Fan Zemeng , Li Saibo , Yao Yonghui , Du Zhengping , Bai Xuyang
Published: February 2025

Climate change has significantly altered plant habitats within the Earth’s surface system, reshaping the global distribution and succession of vegetation. The spatiotemporal simulation of vegetation dynamics is essential for effective ecosystem management and conservation at regional scales. In this study, an improved method is developed to analyze the vegetation patterns and scenarios in the Poyang Lake basin, based on the High-Accuracy Surface Modeling (HASM) method and the improved Holdridge Life Zone (HLZ) ecosystem model. HASM is applied to generate high-resolution (250 m × 250 m) spatial grid data for key climate parameters, including mean annual biotemperature (MAB), total annual precipitation (TAP), and potential evapotranspiration ratio (PER), for each decade from 1961 to 2050. The distribution thresholds of vegetation types are calculated based on current vegetation data, MAB, TAP, PER, longitude, latitude, and elevation datasets. In the improved HLZ ecosystem model, the classification parameters of vegetation types have been expanded from three to six. The simulation results indicate that cultivated vegetation, subtropical coniferous forest, and subtropical grassland are the dominant vegetation types, accounting for 75.88% of the total area. Between 2020 and 2050, subtropical coniferous forest is projected to experience the greatest decrease in area, shrinking by an average of 2.65 × 103 km2 per decade. In contrast, subtropical evergreen–deciduous broadleaf mixed forest is expected to undergo the largest increase, expanding by an average of 1.96 × 103 km2 per decade. Vegetation types in high-altitude regions exhibit the most rapid changes, with an average decadal variation of 15.26%, whereas low-altitude regions show relatively slower changes, averaging 0.52% per decade. Overall, subtropical grassland, subtropical coniferous forest, and subtropical evergreen–deciduous broadleaf mixed forest in the Poyang Lake basin demonstrate high sensitivity to projected climate change scenarios.