bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermediary inflammatory reaction after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation diode therapy: a case report
Authors: Ghion Gaëtane , Singh Alexandra , Pourjavan Sayeh
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Of the many types of laser cyclophotocoagulation procedures, micropulse cyclophotocoagulation diode is praised as a noninvasive, safe, and effective procedure with few complications. In this case report, we describe a rare complication that, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously reported.

Case report

We report on the case of a 66-year-old African man with a history of end-stage primary open-angle glaucoma. One week after undergoing micropulse cyclophotocoagulation diode therapy in both eyes, he developed severe intermediary inflammation in one eye, associated with decreased visual acuity. The intraocular pressure had significantly decreased after the procedure and was well controlled with intraocular-pressure-lowering medications. Slit lamp examination revealed a moderate anterior chamber inflammation, anterior vitritis, and a large inflammatory membrane attached to the posterior surface of the intraocular implant. A vitrectomy was finally performed in the left eye because of the persistent intermediary inflammation despite the use of high doses of topical and subconjunctival corticosteroids.

Conclusion

Intermediary uveitis is a rare complication after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation diode therapy. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of vitritis after a noncomplicated micropulse cyclophotocoagulation diode in primary open-angle glaucoma.
A novel recombinant chimeric bio-adhesive protein consisting of mussel foot protein 3, 5, gas vesicle protein A, and CsgA curli protein expressed in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Bolghari Nazanin , Shahsavarani Hosein , Anvari Masoumeh , Habibollahi Hadi
Published: February 2022

Despite various efforts to produce potent recombinant bio-adhesive proteins for medical purposes, efficient production of a safe and feasible bio-glue is not yet a commercial reality due to the weak properties or low expression levels. Here, a feasible expression system has been developed to produce strong recombinant fusion bioinspired protein using mussel foot protein 3 and 5 (Mfps) along with gas vesicle protein A (GvpA) of Anabaena flos-aquae, and a curli protein CsgA from E. coli, expressed under the control of alcohol oxidase (AOX1) promoter for high-level production in yeast P. pastoris using pPICZα vector. Purified chimeric proteins were first evaluated using western blotting, and their remaining dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) was measured in the modified proteins by NBT assay. We further elucidated the mechanistic properties of obtained adhesive protein assembly in various pH levels based on its different subunits using atomic force microscopy (AFM) when adsorbed onto the mica surface. We found that both combinational structural features of subunits and post-translational changes during expression in yeast host have led to potent adherence due to higher DOPA residues specially in acidic condition and tetrad complex which is higher than that of earlier reports in prokaryotic systems. We believe that our obtained chimeric protein resulted from the fusion of GvpA and CsgA proteins with DOPA-containing Mfp proteins, expressed in the methylotrophic yeast, P. pastoris, not only presents a candidate for future biomedical applications but also provides novel biological clues used for high-performance bioinspired biomaterial designation.

Graphical Abstract
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for complex comminuted bone fractures in the Fraser’s type II floating knee: a case report
Authors: Peng Chuangang , Ren Guangkai , Dou Minghan , Yuan Baoming , Wu Dankai
Published: March 2022

Objective

Floating knee type IIC, according to Fraser’s classification, is an uncommon severe injury that typically occurs in polytrauma. In such cases, intra-articular fracture and the high degree of comminution and deformity of the mid-distal femur make fixation challenging. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technology can simplify these complex problems and improve patient prognosis.

Case presentation

A 38-year-old man injured his left leg in a car accident, causing pain, swelling, deformity, and limited mobility on his left knee and thigh, and two small open wounds were noted mainly of the anterior aspect of the mid-distal thigh. Physical examination and computed tomography angiography of the lower limb confirmed that there was no damage to the neurovascular system. The clinical diagnosis was closed intra-articular fracture of the proximal tibia, open intra-articular fracture of the distal femur with extension to the diaphysis, and a patellar fracture on the ipsilateral knee. The treatment strategy involved a locking plate system applying MIPO technology. Postoperative evaluation of the patient was satisfactory, with immediate functional exercise, full weight-bearing after three months, and return to daily activity without pain. Final follow-up taken 3 years after surgery showed good lower limb alignment and complete plasticity of the bone structure, by which time the patient showed good limb function.

Conclusions

Minimally invasive techniques can provide a simple and effective treatment for some complex fractures.
A review of the amino acid metabolism in placental function response to fetal loss and low birth weight in pigs
Authors: Tan Chengquan , Huang Zihao , Xiong Wenyu , Ye Hongxuan , Deng Jinping , Yin Yulong
Published: March 2022

The fertility of sows mainly depends on the embryo losses during gestation and the survival rate of the post-farrowing piglets. The selection of highly-prolific sows has been mainly focused on the selection of genotypes with high ovulatory quota. However, in the early- and post-implantation stages, the rate of embryo losses was increased with the increase of zygotes. Among the various factors, placental growth and development is the vital determinant for fetal survival, growth, and development. Despite the potential survival of fetuses with deficient placental development, their life-conditions and growth can be damaged by a process termed intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The newborn piglets affected by IUGR are prone to increased morbidity and mortality rates; meanwhile, the growth, health and welfare of the surviving piglets will remain hampered by these conditions, with a tendency to exacerbate with age. Functional amino acids such as glycine, proline, and arginine continue to increase with the development of placenta, which are not only essential to placental growth (including vascular growth) and development, but can also be used as substrates for the production of glutathione, polyamines and nitric oxide to benefit placental function in many ways. However, the exact regulation mechanism of these amino acids in placental function has not yet been clarified. In this review, we provide evidence from literature and our own work for the role and mechanism of dietary functional amino acids during pregnancy in regulating the placental functional response to fetal loss and birth weight of piglets. This review will provide novel insights into the response of nutritionally nonessential amino acids (glycine and proline) to placental development as well as feasible strategies to enhance the fertility of sows.
A simple method for algal species discrimination in East China Sea, using multiple satellite imagery
Authors: Feng Chi , Ishizaka Joji , Wang Shengqiang
Published: February 2022

Satellites can help monitor harmful algal blooms in coastal regions. Methods have been developed using different satellite missions. However, it is necessary to develop a simple and useful method for discriminating harmful algal species that could be applied to multi-source satellite remote sensing reflectance spectra ($${R}_{\mathrm{rs}}(\lambda ))$$

R
rs

(
λ
)

)

. In this study, based on the bio-optical model, a backscattering indicator, bbp-index (green), was found to be useful for species identification (Karenia mikimotoi and Prorocentrum donghaiense) combined with the red tide index (RI) in water blooms in the East China Sea (ECS). The MODIS, GOCI, and MERIS data collected between 2004 and 2020 were consistent for bloom discrimination, determining that K. mikimotoi exhibited lower bbp-index (green) values than P. donghaiense. The classification of the blooms is based on the following criteria: $${R}_{\mathrm{rs}}(555)$$

R
rs

(
555
)

< 0.014 sr−1 and RI > 2.8 and (1) bbp-index (green) > 1.2 $$\times {10}^{-3}$$

×

10

-
3

, classified as P. donghaiense blooms or (2) bbp-index (green) < 1.2 $$\times {10}^{-3}$$

×

10

-
3

, classified as K. mikimotoi blooms. The inclusion of the RI is necessary to directly detect the bloom area. Local bloom reports have confirmed the effectiveness of the bloom discrimination method. In addition, the advantages and limitations of the proposed method are discussed.
Pharmaceutical intervention for adverse events improves quality of life in patients with cancer undergoing outpatient chemotherapy
Authors: Fujii Hironori , Ueda Yukino , Hirose Chiemi , Ohata Koichi , Sekiya Kumiko , Kitahora Mika , Sadaka Shiori , Yamamoto Senri , Watanabe Daichi , Kato-Hayashi Hiroko , Iihara Hirotoshi , Kobayashi Ryo , Kaburaki Miho , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Makiyama Akitaka , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Hayashi Hideki , Suzuki Akio
Published: March 2022

Background

The effect of pharmaceutical intervention to treat adverse events on quality of life (QOL) in outpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy is unclear. We investigated whether pharmaceutical intervention provided by pharmacists in collaboration with physicians improves QOL with outpatient cancer chemotherapy.

Methods

We conducted a single-center retrospective descriptive study of pharmaceutical intervention for patients receiving outpatient cancer chemotherapy at Gifu University Hospital between September 2017 and July 2020. We assessed patient QOL using the Japanese version of the EuroQol 5 Dimension5 Level (EQ-5D-5L). Adverse events were graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. We compared the EQ-5D-5L utility value and incidence of grade 2 or higher adverse events before and after pharmaceutical intervention.

Results

Our analysis included 151 patients who underwent 210 chemotherapy cycles. Pharmaceutical intervention significantly improved patients’ EQ-5D-5L utility values from 0.8197 to 0.8603 (P < 0.01). EQ-5D-5L utility values were significantly improved after pharmaceutical intervention for nausea and vomiting (pre-intervention 0.8145, post-intervention 0.8603, P = 0.016), peripheral neuropathy (pre-intervention 0.7798, post-intervention 0.7988, P = 0.032) and pain (pre-intervention 0.7625, post-intervention 0.8197, P = 0.035). Although not statistically significant, the incidence of grade 2 or higher adverse events, including nausea and vomiting, dermopathy, pain, oral mucositis, diarrhea and dysgeusia, tended to be lower post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Conclusions

Pharmaceutical intervention by pharmacists in collaboration with physicians may improve QOL in patients undergoing outpatient cancer chemotherapy.
Superior Efficacy of Midostaurin Over Cladribine in Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis: A Registry-Based Analysis
Authors: Lübke Johannes , Schwaab Juliana , Naumann Nicole , Horny Hans-Peter , Weiß Christel , Metzgeroth Georgia , Kreil Sebastian , Cross Nicholas C.P. , Sotlar Karl , Fabarius Alice , Hofmann Wolf-Karsten , Valent Peter , Gotlib Jason , Jawhar Mohamad , Reiter Andreas
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE

On the basis of data from the German Registry on Disorders of Eosinophils and Mast Cells, we compared the efficacy of midostaurin and cladribine in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients with AdvSM (n = 139) were treated with midostaurin only (n = 63, 45%), cladribine only (n = 23, 17%), or sequentially (midostaurin-cladribine, n = 30, 57%; cladribine-midostaurin, n = 23, 43%). Prognosis was assessed through the Mutation-Adjusted Risk Score (MARS). Besides the comparison of efficacy between midostaurin and cladribine on response (eg, organ dysfunction, bone marrow mast cell [MC] infiltration, and tryptase), overall survival (OS), and leukemia-free survival, we focused on the impact of treatment on involved non-MC lineages, for example, monocytes or eosinophils, and the KIT D816V expressed allele burden.

RESULTS

Midostaurin only was superior to cladribine only with effects from responses on MC and non-MC lineages conferring on a significantly improved OS (median 4.2 v 1.9 years, P = .033) and leukemia-free survival (2.7 v 1.3 years, P = .044) on the basis of a propensity score–weighted analysis of parameters included in MARS. Midostaurin compensated the inferior efficacy of cladribine in first- and second-line treatment. On midostaurin in any line, response of eosinophilia did not improve its baseline adverse prognostic impact, whereas response of monocytosis proved to be a positive on-treatment parameter. Multivariable analysis allowed to establish three risk categories (low/intermediate/high) through the combination of MARS and the reduction of the KIT D816V expressed allele burden of ≥ 25% at month 6 (median OS not reached v 3.0 years v 1.0 year; P < .001).

CONCLUSION

In this registry-based analysis, midostaurin revealed superior efficacy over cladribine in patients with AdvSM. In midostaurin-treated patients, the combination of baseline MARS and molecular response provided a compelling three-tier risk categorization (MARSv2.0) for OS.
Is Complexity of Daily Activity Associated with Physical Function and Life-Space Mobility among Older Adults?
Authors: RANTALAINEN TIMO , KOIVUNEN KAISA , PORTEGIJS ERJA , RANTANEN TAINA , PALMBERG LOTTA , KARAVIRTA LAURA , CHASTIN SEBASTIEN
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Information about mobility and physical function may be encoded in the complexity of daily activity pattern. Therefore, daily activity pattern complexity metrics could provide novel insight into the relationship between daily activity behavior and health. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between the complexity of daily activity behavior and the mobility and physical function among community-dwelling older adults 75, 80, and 85 yr of age.

Methods

A total of 309 participants wore accelerometers concurrently on the thigh and the trunk for at least three consecutive days. Five activity states (lying, sitting, standing, walking, or activity other than walking) were defined in three different temporal grains (5 s, 1 min, and 5 min), and Lempel–Ziv complexity was evaluated. We assessed complexity of daily activity behavior using the life-space mobility and physical function with distance in preferred pace 6-min walk and the Short Physical Performance Battery.

Results

Weak positive associations were observed between the complexity of daily activity and the mobility and physical function at the finest temporal grains in both sexes (Spearman rho = 0.19 to 0.27, P < 0.05). No significant associations were observed in the coarsest temporal grain in either sex.

Conclusions

Lempel–Ziv estimates of daily activity complexity with a fine temporal grain seem to be associated with community-dwelling older adults’ physical function. The coarsest 5-min temporal grain may have smoothed out physiologically meaningful short activity bouts. Because complexity encodes information related to timing, intensity, and patterning of behavior, complexity of activity could be an informative indicator of future physical function and mobility.
The Cost of Return to Play Protocols in Collegiate Athletes Recovering from Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: MACNAMARA JAMES P. , MCCOY CODY W. , HENDREN NICHOLAS S. , TIETZE DAVID C. , MILBURN NATHANIEL K. , DABAS NITIKA , MITRANI RAUL D. , GOLDBERGER JEFFREY J. , KIRK K. MICHELE , SHAH JAY P. , BEST THOMAS M. , LEVINE BENJAMIN D.
Published: February 2022

Introduction/Purpose

SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) can result in myocarditis. Protocols were developed to allow competitive athletes to safely return to play (RTP) after a COVID-19 infection, but the financial impact of these protocols is unknown. Our objective was to determine the differential cost of post–COVID-19 RTP protocols for competitive collegiate athletes.

Methods

This multicenter retrospective cohort study of clinical evaluation of 295 athletes after COVID-19 infection was performed at four institutions with three RTP protocols. Costs were calculated using adjusted Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services pricing. All athletes underwent electrocardiogram and clinical evaluation. A tiered approach performed cardiac imaging and biomarker analysis for major symptoms. A universal transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) approach performed TTE and biomarkers for all athletes. A universal exercise stress echocardiogram (ESE) approach performed ESE and biomarkers for all athletes.

Results

The cost per athlete was $632.51 ± 651.80 ($44,908 total) in tiered group (n = 71), $1,072.30 ± 517.93 ($87,928 total) in the universal TTE group (n = 82), and $1357.38 ± 757.05 ($192,748 total) in the universal ESE group (n = 142) (P < 0.001). Extrapolated national costs for collegiate athletes would be $39 to 64 million higher for universal imaging approaches versus a tiered approach. Only seven athletes had probable/possible myocarditis with no significant difference between approaches.

Conclusions

Cardiac screening in collegiate athletes after COVID-19 infection resulted in significant cost to the health care system. A tiered-based approach was more economical, and a universal exercise echocardiogram group detected slightly more myocardial abnormalities by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical consequences of these approaches are unknown.
Cool-Water Immersion Reduces Postexercise Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Perfusion More Than Cold-Water Immersion
Authors: MAWHINNEY CHRIS , HEINONEN ILKKA , LOW DAVID A. , HAN CHUNLEI , JONES HELEN , KALLIOKOSKI KARI K. , KIRJAVAINEN ANNA , KEMPPAINEN JUKKA , DI SALVO VALTER , LOLLI LORENZO , CABLE N. TIM , GREGSON WARREN
Published: February 2022

Purpose

The muscle perfusion response to postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) is not well understood. We examined the effects of graded postexercise CWI upon global and regional quadriceps femoris muscle perfusion using positron emission tomography and [15O]H2O.

Methods

Using a matched-group design, 30 healthy men performed cycle ergometer exercise at 70% V̇O2peak to a core body temperature of 38°C, followed by either 10 min of CWI at 8°C, 22°C, or seated rest (control). Quadriceps muscle perfusion; thigh and calf cutaneous vascular conductance; intestinal, muscle, and local skin temperatures; thermal comfort; mean arterial pressure; and heart rate were assessed at preexercise, postexercise, and after CWI.

Results

Global quadriceps perfusion was reduced beyond the predefined minimal clinically relevant threshold (0.75 mL per 100 g·min−1) in 22°C water versus control (difference (95% confidence interval (CI)), −2.5 (−3.9 to −1.1) mL per 100 g·min−1). Clinically relevant decreases in muscle perfusion were observed in the rectus femoris (−2.0 (−3.0 to −1.0) mL per 100 g·min−1) and vastus lateralis (−3.5 (−4.9 to −2.0) mL per 100 g·min−1) in 8°C water, and in the vastus lateralis (−3.3 (−4.8 to −1.9) mL per 100 g·min−1) in 22°C water versus control. The mean effects for vastus intermedius and vastus medialis perfusion were not clinically relevant. Clinically relevant decreases in thigh and calf cutaneous vascular conductance were observed in both cooling conditions.

Conclusions

The present findings revealed that less noxious CWI (22°C) promoted clinically relevant postexercise decreases in global quadriceps muscle perfusion, whereas noxious cooling (8°C) elicited no effect.
Effects of Exercise Training on the Renin–Angiotensin System in the Kidneys of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats
Authors: SAKUYAMA AKIHIRO , OGAWA YOSHIKO , XU LUSI , KOMATSU MIWA , MIURA TAKAHIRO , NAMAI-TAKAHASHI ASAKO , KOHZUKI MASAHIRO , ITO OSAMU
Published: February 2022

Purpose

Exercise training (Ex) has antihypertensive and renal protective effects; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The renal renin–angiotensin system (RAS) plays a vital role in renal function and pathology. Therefore, we investigated the effects of Ex on the renal RAS components in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-S) rats.

Methods

Male Dahl-S rats were divided into four groups: normal salt diet + sedentary, normal salt diet + Ex, high-salt diet (HS, 8% NaCl) + sedentary, and HS + Ex. Treadmill running was performed for 8 wk in the Ex groups.

Results

Ex attenuated the HS-induced renal dysfunction and glomerular injury without causing blood pressure alterations. HS increased urinary excretion of both total and intact angiotensinogen. Ex decreased the HS-induced increased urinary excretion of total angiotensinogen. However, it did not change the HS-induced urinary excretion of intact angiotensinogen, indicating reduced intact angiotensinogen cleaving. Ex restored the HS-induced increased angiotensinogen and angiotensin II type 1 receptor expressions in the outer medulla and the HS-induced increased angiotensin-converting enzyme expression in the cortex. Ex restored the HS-induced decreased renin expression in the cortex and outer medulla, and the HS-induced decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin II type 2 receptor, and Mas receptor expressions in the outer medulla.

Conclusions

Ex attenuates HS-induced renal dysfunction, glomerular injury, and renal RAS dysregulation in Dahl-S rats.
Aneurysmal bone cyst on top of fibro-osseous lesion of the ethmoid sinus with orbital and intracranial extension in a child
Authors: Elsayed Ayman Ahmed , Mohamed Rawia Mubarak Hamad , Devine John Charles , Wasserberg Jonathan , Elbadawey Mohamed Reda , Abdelsamad H. S. S. , Sajid Sameeha , Mansour Zeenah Ryad
Published: March 2022

Objective

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) rarely involve the cranium. We report a case arising in the ethmoid sinus with orbital and intracranial invasion. Imaging suggested an associated fibro-osseous lesion. The lesion was completely resected. Histology confirmed the imaging diagnosis of ABC on top of an ossifying fibroma. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal surgical outcomes.

Methods

We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with a 5 week history of painless, increasing prominence of the left eye. Clinical examination revealed non-pulsatile left proptosis. Visual acuity and ocular movements were normal. CT and MRI scans of the maxillofacial regions showed a large space-occupying lesion involving the left ethmoid air cells with left orbital and left inferior frontal intracranial extension. Multiple fluid levels with blood products were seen. Areas of the bony component of the lesion showed ground-glass density on CT. Imaging was consistent with an ABC with an underlying fibro-osseous lesion; probably fibrous dysplasia which was confirmed after surgical removal of the lesion. A multidisciplinary team of maxillofacial, neurosusugery and ENT surgeons performed the surgery.

Results

ABC arising from an osseous fibroma of the skull is rare. Total resection can be achieved with a multidisciplinary surgical approach. Post-operative histology confirmed by the imaging findings.
Non-suicidal self-injurious behavior among the Saudi population: a systematic review
Authors: Bahamdan Ahmed , Aldhawyan Adam
Published: March 2022

Background: Self-harm is a serious public health problem across the world, impacting not only people who self-harm but also their families and society as a whole through higher resource costs and productivity losses. This review was conducted among the general Saudi population to investigate the prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and factors affecting it.

Methods: An electronic literature search of four major databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus Science Direct, and Google Scholar, was conducted to include eligible studies. All studies reporting NSSI or relevant to the subject were included.

Results: A total of five articles with 1758 participants were included. The lowest recorded NSSI prevalence was 0.47% while the highest was 10.2%, both in Al-Khobar city.

Conclusion: We recorded a relatively low but increasing prevalence of NSSI. The review also demonstrated that NSSI was more common among the female population and young people. Self-poisoning, including drug overdose, was the most prevalent method of self-harm. Interpersonal difficulties, marital problems, academic failure, and family and self-conflicts were common motivating factors of NSSI.
Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of self-etch sealant with the conventional acid-etch sealant for the retentive ability and marginal integrity in permanent molars: a split mouth one year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gupta Deveshi , Rao Arathi , Shenoy Ramya , Suprabha Baranya Srikrishna
Published: March 2022

Background: Self-etching has been shown to be beneficial compared to the other resin sealants especially in pediatric practice. The present in-vivo study was designed to clinically evaluate the sealing ability and retention of the self-etching sealant compared to the conventional resin sealant. The aim was to evaluate and compare the retention and marginal integrity of the self-etch and acid etch sealant materials at three, six and twelve-month follow up.

Methods: This was designed a randomized controlled trial, with double blind parallel, split-mouth design. In total, 35 children (70 teeth) between 7 and 10 years of age formed part of the study. Group 1 received acid-etch sealant and Group 2 received self-etch sealants. The study participants and the investigator who performed the statistical analysis were blinded to the treatment allocation. All the samples were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months. The inter-group and intragroup comparison were carried out using the Chi-Square test and Friedman test with level of significance set at 5% and the P value less than 0.05.

Results: Complete retention of sealants was observed in 34.5% of conventional acid etch (group 1) and 22.9% of self-etch samples (group 2) whereas complete loss of sealants were seen in 11.4% of group 1 and 20% of the group 2 samples and intergroup comparison of retention failure was non-significant (p=0.135). In total, 85.7% of the group 1 and 82.9% of the group 2 samples exhibited good marginal integrity with no clinical changes in the enamel around the margins but this was not statistically significant (p=0.5).

Conclusions: Sealants with fewer procedural steps and those which provide adequate retention would be ideal for use in children. Thus, self-etch sealants have been found to be effective and efficient as a sealant in the present in-vivo study.

Clinical Trials Registry, India registration: CTRI/2019/03/018343 (29/03/2019).
Mobile perceived trust mediation on the intention and adoption of FinTech innovations using mobile technology: A systematic literature review
Authors: Dawood Hatim M. , Liew Chee Yoong , Lau Teck Chai
Published: March 2022

The banking and financial sectors have witnessed a significant development recently due to financial technology (FinTech), and it has become an essential part of the financial system. Many factors helped the development of this sector, including the pandemics such as Covid-19, the considerable increasing market value of the FinTech sector worldwide, and new technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and mobile technology. Moreover, changes in consumer's preferences, especially the Z-generation (digital generation). FinTech shifted the traditional business models to mobile platforms characterized by ease of access and swift transactions. Mobile technology became the main backbone for FinTech innovations and acts as a channel to deliver FinTech services that overcome all geographical and timing barriers, thus enhancing financial inclusion. Mobile perceived Trust (MPT), or the trust in using financial business models via mobile technology, is a crucial factor in the FinTech context that has mediation effects on the intention and adoption of different FinTech business models. Unfortunately, few studies have explored MPT mediations on consumers' intention to adopt FinTech innovations using mobile technology. Typically, many studies examined trust/MPT as an independent and unidirectional variable and investigated its effects on behaviour intention without predicting its mediation effects. This study aimed to develop a systematic literature review on MPT mediation in FinTech, focusing on the period from 2016 and 2021, in journals ranked Q1 and Q2, and known-based theories such as the technology acceptance model, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, and the mobile technology acceptance model. This study found that only four articles were published in Q1 and Q2 journals. In these articles, the MPT was used as a mediator, and its effects were measured on the intention and adoption of the behaviour.
Water, sanitation and the risk of chronic diseases in old age: Results from the Ghana WHO SAGE 2
Authors: Gyasi Razak M , Simiyu Sheillah , Bagayoko Moussa
Published: March 2022

Background: The associations of water and sanitation with population health have been well-documented. However, the specific effects of water and sanitation on chronic diseases in old age are least explored. This study examines the associations between water, sanitation and chronic diseases among older people in Ghana and whether these associations are moderated by sex and spatial variation.

Methods: Data from the WHO-SAGE Wave 2 involving adults aged ≥ 50 years were analyzed. Chronis diseases were assessed based on the self-reported diagnosis by a healthcare professional. The exposures included water sources, type of toilet, and sharing of toilet facilities. Generalized logistic regression models estimated the effects of water and sanitation indicators on chronic diseases. 

Results: Overall, 18.8% of the sample reported at least one chronic disease. Compared to men and those in rural areas, women and urban residents respectively were more likely to report chronic disease (p < 0.001). After full adjustments, logistic regressions showed that the use of unimproved sanitation (OR = 1.732, CI: 1.377–5.418) and sharing of sanitation facilities (OR = 1.624, CI: 1.095–1.320) were associated with higher odds of chronic diseases. However, the use of water did not reach significance (p = 0.125). We found a significant interaction effect for type of toilet × sex (OR = 3.498, CI: 1.744–16.442), source of water × residence (OR = 5.935, CI: 1.320–26.685), and type of toilet × spatial variation (OR = 1.998, CI: 1.462–8.642). 

Conclusions: The use of unimproved sanitation facilities and the sharing of toilet facilities are associated with the occurrence of chronic diseases among older people. Policy and public health interventions targeted at improving the health and well-being of older people should conspicuously include better access and improved sanitation services.
Parental coronavirus disease vaccine hesitancy for children in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Ahmed Sohel , Bonna Atia Sharmin , Sarkar Abu-sufian , Islam Md. Ariful , Urmi Tania Akter , Proma Tasnuva Samarukh
Published: March 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires mass immunization to control the severity of symptoms and global spread. Data from developed countries have shown a high prevalence of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. However, parental vaccine hesitancy data in low- and middle-income countries are scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parental vaccine hesitancy and identify subgroups with higher odds of vaccine hesitancy in parents in Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the parents of children aged <18 years from October 10, 2021 to October 31, 2021. Parents participated in face-to-face interviews in randomly selected locations in Bangladesh using a vaccine hesitancy questionnaire. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were identified using binary logistic regression analysis.

Results: Data from 2,633 eligible parents were analyzed. Overall, 42.8% reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for their youngest child. The final model suggested the following factors were associated with hesitancy: children's age; parent's age, religion, occupation, monthly household income, permanent address, living location, status of tobacco use, adherence with regular government vaccination programs (other than COVID-19), perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy among Bangladeshi children, self-vaccination intentions, reported family members' illness or death from COVID-19, and perceived threat of COVID-19 were the independent predictors of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Conversely, participants who were not tobacco users, parents who were very likely to believe that their children or family members could be infected with COVID-19 in the following year and who were very concerned about their children or a family member contracting COVID-19 in the next year had significantly lower odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusions: Our study suggested that vaccine hesitation varied based on sociodemographic characteristics, religion, behavior, and perceived COVID-19 threat. Therefore, interventions focused on addressing vaccine hesitancy among specific subgroups are warranted.
I Don’t “Recall”: The Decision to Delay Innovation Launch to Avoid Costly Product Failure
Authors: Kim Byungyeon , Koenigsberg Oded , Ofek Elie
Published: March 2022

Innovations embody novel features or cutting-edge components aimed at delivering desired customer benefits. Oftentimes, however, we observe the need to recall new products shortly after their introduction. Indeed, a firm may rush an innovation to market in an attempt to pre-empt rivals and capture early demand, yet in so doing forgo rigorous testing, thus subjecting itself to the risk of a product recall. To shed light on this phenomenon, we construct a dynamic game-theoretic model in which firms plan to launch their innovations. Each firm must decide whether to conduct time-consuming quality assurance testing, which ensures no defects or safety problems but delays the launch. If the innovation is released without such testing and a recall occurs, the firm incurs pecuniary costs and faces future reputation damage in marketing the recalled innovation. We investigate the strategic forces behind firms’ testing and launch-timing decisions in this context. The analysis uncovers a novel mechanism, linked to the possibility of a rival going bankrupt, that causes firms to become more inclined to rush to market and take on the risk of product failure even as the negative consequences of a recall increase. The results further demonstrate how firms’ desire to forgo testing exhibits an inverse-U pattern as consumers become more heterogeneous and how competitive forces may induce both firms to forgo testing, although the resulting profits are lower than had they both committed to conduct testing. The framework is extended to examine how product recall considerations affect firms’ research and development (R&D) investments. Although, in general, post-innovation product failure discourages R&D effort, we identify conditions under which an increase in the recall probability stimulates firms to innovate. Several model extensions are presented, and managerial implications are discussed.

This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4303 .
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis after COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: David Filipa , Rodrigues Morais Joana , Beires Francisca , Greefield Helena , Fernandes Gonçalo L
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 emerged in China in late 2019 and quickly spread worldwide. The severe immunomodulation and depletion of lymphocytes caused by the virus and its therapy led to an increase in the incidence of superinfections. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a new entity with increasing incidence and high associated mortality. We present the case of a 68-year-old patient admitted to our ward after recovering from severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Due to worsening of her clinical condition, chest computed tomography was performed and a lung abscess was documented with the identification of Aspergillus niger. Despite therapy with voriconazole, the patient’s condition deteriorated, culminating in her death. COVID-19 emerged in China in late 2019 and quickly spread worldwide. The severe immunomodulation and depletion of lymphocytes caused by the virus and its therapy led to an increase in the incidence of superinfections. COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a new entity with increasing incidence and high associated mortality. We present the case of a 68-year-old patient admitted to our ward after recovering from severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Due to worsening of her clinical condition, chest computed tomography was performed and a lung abscess was documented with the identification of Aspergillus niger. Despite therapy with voriconazole, the patient’s condition deteriorated, culminating in her death.
Pemanfaatan Black Soldier Fly (BSF) untuk Mengolah Sampah Organik di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Pintowantoro Sungging , Setiyorini Yuli , Noor Rohmannudin Tubagus , Abdul Fakhreza , Ramadhani Mavindra
Published: February 2022

Sebagai salah satu kota terbesar di Indonesia, Kota Surabaya memiliki jumlah penduduk yang sangat banyak. Banyaknya penduduk tersebut juga mempengaruhi produksi sampah di Surabaya. Berdasarkan data dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, sebanyak 2.800 ton sampah dihasilkan oleh sekitar 2,9 juta penduduk Kota Surabaya tiap harinya. Dari nilai tersebut, sekitar 60% nya merupakan sampah organik. Sampah organik tersebut dapat diurai oleh Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Selain menguraikan sampah, BSF juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk diekstrak kandungan kitin dan kitosannya. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan terkait pengolahan sampah organik dengan BSF dan nilai tambah BSF pada proses daur ulang sampah yang ada di Kedung Turi RW. 08, Kelurahan Kedungdoro, Kec. Tegalsari, Kota Surabaya dengan memanfaatkannya menjadi material kitosan. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan survei dan wawancara dengan warga setempat. Kemudian, dilakukan uji coba penguraian sampah menggunakan fresh maggot BSF dan ekstraksi kitin di Laboratorium. Selanjutnya, kegiatan workshop dilakukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang nilai tambah BSF pada warga setempat agar semakin tertarik untuk melakukan proses penguraian sampah menggunakan maggot BSF. Selain itu, saat kegiatan workshop juga diserahkan peralatan untuk penguraian sampah menggunakan BSF kepada warga setempat.
Pelatihan Analisis Sistem Kelistrikan Kapal Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak untuk Fresh Graduate Departemen Teknik Sistem Perkapalan ITS
Authors: Kurniawan Adi , Prananda Juniarko , Koenhardono Eddy , Sarwito Sardono , Kusuma Indra Ranu , Masroeri Agoes Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Pandemi covid-19 telah menyerang Indonesia selama lebih dari satu tahun. Pandemi covid-19 ini tidak hanya mengancam keselamatan nyawa masyarakat Indonesia secara langsung, tetapi juga menurunkan tingkat perekonomian di skala industri maupun skala rumah tangga, sehingga berdampak menaikkan angka pengangguran dan menurunkan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dengan berkurangnya ketersediaan lapangan pekerjaan termasuk di sektor maritim, lulusan Departemen Teknik Sistem Perkapalan (DTSP) ITS akan menemui tingkat persaingan yang lebih berat untuk dapat memperoleh pekerjaan di industri maritim. Untuk dapat memenangkan persaingan untuk memperoleh pekerjaan tersebut, kemampuan teknis yang tinggi sangat diperlukan. Salah satu kemampuan teknis yang dapat dikembangkan \textit{fresh graduate} DTSP dan menjadi unggulan dibanding pesaingnya adalah kemampuan untuk menganalisis performa dari sistem kelistrikan kapal. Selama ini, kemampuan tersebut telah diajarkan dalam perkuliahan, namun hanya secara manual dengan perhitungan perkiraan, karena keterbatasan waktu sesuai dengan jumlah SKS yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini direncakan pemberian pelatihan kepada fresh graduate DTSP untuk menganalisis kelistrikan kapal dengan lebih cepat dan akurat menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak. Dengan mengikuti pelatihan ini, kemampuan unggulan fresh graduate DTSP akan semakin meningkat dibanding pesaing mereka untuk mendapat pekerjaan di industri maritim, sehingga memudahkan para fresh graduate DTSP untuk lebih cepat dan mudah dalam memperoleh pekerjaan di industri maritim.
Penerapan On-Grid Photovoltaic Pada Pencacah Rumput Guna Meningkatkan Produktivitas Kelompok Peternak Sapi Perah Anggota Karangploso
Authors: Suryoatmojo Heri , Riawan Dedet Candra , Soedibyo Soedibyo , Pamuji Feby Agung , Anam Sjamsjul
Published: February 2022

Industri peternakan semakin meningkat baik usaha peternakan skala kecil maupun skala besar. Keadaan ini merupakan imbas dari permintaan protein hewani yang terus meningkat setiap tahunya. Pada kenyataannya produksi susu dalam negeri hanya mampu terpenuhi 21% dari konsumsi nasional, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 79% harus di impor dari luar negeri. Sedangkan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi sapi petani harus melakukan terobosan dengan melakukan penanaman rumput atau media pakan yang lain. Rumput tersebut tidak serta merta diberikan langsung ke ternak karena masih keras dan menyulitkan sapi untuk mengunyah. Sehingga, sebelum diberikan ke sapi ternak, rumput-rumput tesebut dicacah sampai menjadi potongan kecil-kecil sehingga sapi lebih mudah dalam mengambil dan mengunyahnya. Sebagian peternak masih mengandalkan mesin pencacah bertenaga mesin bensin atau diesel. Namun pencacahan rumput dengan metode tersebut mengabiskan banyak biaya untuk keperluan bahan bakar, serta kebisingan suara mesin akan mengganggu ternak dan lingkungan sekitar. Untuk mengurangi kebisingan beberapa alternatif telah dilakukan dengan memodifikasi mesin pencacah rumput digantikan dengan motor listrik. Kelamahan sistem dengan motor listrik adalah kemampuan circuit breaker di masyarakat di pedesaan masih sekitar 2 Amper - 4 Amper sehingga tidak kuat untuk menjalankan motor listrik. Selain masalah teknis, biaya operasional akan membengkak karena tagihan listrik yang harus ditanggung masyarakat. Di sisi lain, potensi energi terbarukan berupa energi matahari sangat besar di kawasan peternakan. Oleh karena itu, pada program pengabdian masyarakat ini dirancang inovasi mesin Grass Chopper bertenaga matahari. Pada sistem ini, Grass Chopper disuplai secara elektris dengan memanfaatkan motor listrik. Untuk suplai elektris, sumber energi matahari dikonversi menjadi energi listrik yang kemudian digunakan untuk menggerakkan motor listrik. Putaran motor listrik ini di hubungkan dengan sistem pencacah dari bilah-bilah pisau baja pada mesin potong rumput. Sehingga, tercipta mesin pencacah rumput yang ramah lingkungan dan hemat energi karena konsumsi energi listrik berasal dari matahari. Pada saat mesin tidak digunakan energi listrik yang dihasilkan dari panel surya digunakan untuk menyuplai kebutuhan listrik dirumah maupun dilingkukan peternakan. Dengan inovasi ini masyarkat akan memahami pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai sumber listrik yang mampu digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktifitas peternak dan mengurangi polusi udara yang ada di kawasan peternakan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang.
Redesain Kemasan Bumbu Rujak Manis menjadi Sambelo Dressing untuk Segmen Pasar Gen Milenial dan Gen Z
Authors: Maryani Anny , Dewi Ratna Sari , Widyaningrum Retno , Rahman Arief , Sudiarno Adithya , Dewi Dyah Santhi , Rahma Andyna Aulia , Earlynda Feritta Rosa , Fatah Ikhwan Nur , Djatmiko Nabila Ramadhani , Amira Nadhifa Qintharani , Adiati Aini Milania , Nugroho Daniel Chrisdio Dwi , Indrawati Diah Kusuma , Wijaya Leonando Aqilamiki , Agung Mochammad Abiyyu Rahmat , Choironi Nahdia Amalia , Bagasnanta Prambudi , Dewi Riztasya Qonitah , Della Sheilla , Khairunnisa Zafira
Published: February 2022

Generasi Milenial menghabiskan 85% waktunya di depan gadget, cenderung kurang olahraga, dan makan makanan cepat saji dengan nilai gizi rendah. Hal ini memberikan pengaruh kurang baik pada kesehatan. Beragam inovasi makanan dihadirkan sebagai pilihan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makan. Saat ini banyak bermunculan varian olahan makanan dari luar negeri yang tinggi kalori, namun rendah protein dan vitamin. Salah satunya adalah salad buah yang disajikan dengan mayonaise tinggi kalori, susu tinggi gula, dan keju tinggi lemak. Sedangkan, Indonesia sendiri memiliki cara menikmati buah segar yang menyehatkan, yaitu rujak buah dengan bumbu kacang dan gula merah. Namun, kendala pembuatannya tidak praktis, sehingga kurang diminati. Melihat kondisi ini, Cak Mimin yang merupakan UMKM di Surabaya merintis bumbu rujak manis praktis. Bumbu Rujak Manis Cak Mimin cukup diminati masyarakat, mengingat budaya rujakan umum dilakukan masyarakat. Produk ini hadir dalam kemasan 250 gr dan 500 gr. Guna melebarkan pasar ke Generasi Milenial, maka dilakukan repositioning keunggulan produk. Pengembangan produk dilakukan dengan konsep Kansei Engineering yang mempelajari perilaku dan mendapatkan informasi kebutuhan konsumen. Selanjutnya dikembangkan alternatif pengembangan produk yang sesuai. Harapannya dengan adanya produk baru yang dihasilkan hasil repositioning ini, maka Bumbu Rujak Manis Cak Mimin dapat diterima Generasi Milenial untuk menghadirkan makanan yang sehat dan kaya gizi.
Pemanfaatan Potensi Kali Geruh Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Terbarukan untuk Mendukung Desa Wisata Terpadu (Studi Kasus: Lembah Mbencirang, Desa Kebontunggul, Kabupaten Mojokerto)
Authors: Teguh Novi Andriany , Maulana Mahendra Andiek , Ansori Mohamad Bagus , Damarnegara Anak Agung Ngurah Satria , Anwar Nadjadji
Published: February 2022

Lembah Mbencirang merupakan suatu kawasan wisata edukasi terpadu yang terletak di Desa Kebontunggul, Kecamatan Gondang, Kabupaten Mojokerto, Jawa Timur. Pembangunan kawasan wisata ini merupakan salah satu langkah yang ditempuh oleh Kepala Desa Kebontunggul demi terciptanya kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan penduduk dengan meningkatkan perekonomian desa. Salah satu bentuk pengembangan yang direncanakan pada kawasan ini adalah pemanfaatan Kali Geruh sebagai pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro (PLTMH) untuk desa wisata sebagai alternatif pengembangan sumber energi yang terbarukan. Pemanfaatan Kali Geruh sebagai PLTMH diharapkan dapat meminimalisir biaya suplai energi listrik untuk kawasan wisata Lembah Mbencirang, sehingga bisa meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar kawasan wisata Lembah Mbencirang. Hasil perhitungan potensi daya listrik pada Kali Geruh sebagai sumber tenaga listrik masyarakat Desa Kebontunggul Mojokerto, dengan tinggi jatuh efektif direncanakan sebesar 8,764 m dan debit andalan 75% sebesar 0,785 m3/detik, dapat dihasilkan energi listrik per hari sebesar 1268,88 kWh atau 463141,2 kWh per tahun, setara dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik sekitar 436 orang. Selanjutnya dilakukan sosialisasi dengan menyebarkan booklet mengenai tingginya potensi yang ada tersebut agar masyarakat Desa Kebontunggul memperoleh informasi dan timbul kesadaran untuk memanfaatkan Kali Geruh sebagai sumber energi listrik terbarukan.