bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithological and geochemical evidence of catagenetic transformations of black shales on the example of the Bazhenov formation in Western Siberia
Authors: Eder V. G. , Balushkina N. S. , Zamirailova A. G. , Fomin A. N.
Published: January 2022

The regularities of changes in the lithological and geochemical composition of Bazhenov Formation (BF) rocks characterized by different degrees of organic matter transformation are determined. From МК1 2–МК2 (140–170 C–170–195 C), the following tendency is revealed: a) increasing of the number of calcareous-dolomitic interlayers and content of the dolomite in them; b) reducing of the content of S in the whole section; c) reducing of the OM and sulfide sulfur contents in “pyrite-kerogen” layers of roof of BF; d) reducing of the ratios of C/S; d) increasing of the “pyrite” layer thickness in the transition zone of BF and the overlying sediments and the content of pyrite in it. It is concluded that in the period between the stages corresponding to the grades МК1–МК2, there is a transformation of OM, migration of its transformation products, dolomitization of rocks, and pyritization of low-carbon rocks of the overlying BF Podachimov strata.
New approaches to the development of thin-layered undersaturated reservoirs (Vikulovskaya series of the Krasnoleninskiy dome of the Frolovskaya petroleum area)
Authors: Tsvetkova P. A. , Fedulov V. V. , Sautkin R. S.
Published: January 2022

One of the key problems in oil and gas geology is the problem of the development of thin- layered undersaturated reservoirs. Based on the selected analogue-fields, it was found out the required methods for their effective development. In order to comprehensively analyse of the reservoir and reduce risks during the development, it is recommended to use 4D geological and hydrogeomechanical modelling.
Ring structures of the Norilsk metallogenic district in neural network cluster analysis of geophysical data
Authors: Nikulin I. I. , Samsonov A. A. , Kuznetsov M. V.
Published: January 2022

An integrated geophysical and mathematical model of the Norilsk metallogenic region has been built according to the authors’ method of automatic express interpretation of areal geophysical data. It consists of fifteen levels of hierarchy. The model is based on the use of the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy logic — artificial neural networks without a teacher using the method of self-organizing Kohonen maps. Formation of cluster groups is justified. Clusters characterize to the greatest extent possible connections between multidimensional geophysical data. The presence of relationships between them is analyzed by identifying correlation dependences. Analysis of various geophysical transformants using self-organizing Kohonen maps is carried out. A number of input indicators-representatives of their groups are determined, on the basis of which a geophysical-mathematical model is built. A model in the form of a two-dimensional map of clusters using fuzzy logic tools. Terminological sets were formed for each group of clusters. The form of membership functions of previously unknown geological objects is given according to new interpreted data. The calculated clusters according to the results of the study reflect the northwestern fragment of the basaltic magmatism fields of the trap formation, within which two ring structures have been distinguished. In the western part of the study area, the model ring structure reflects the Bolgokhtokhsky stock of granodiorites. The second, the Pyasinskaya ring structure, previously unknown, indicates the presence of a dome-shaped object at a great depth — a possible source of root zones of intrusions of the Norilsk complex. The conducted experimental study confirmed the adequacy of the constructed model and the effectiveness of  its use for the purpose of express analysis of geophysical data and decision-making in geological prospecting tasks.
Hydrocarbon gas seepage along the Gydratny Fault (Lake Baikal)
Authors: Vidishcheva O. N. , Akhmanov G. G. , Solovyeva M. A. , Mazzini A. , Khlystov O. M. , Egoshina E. D. , Kudaev A. A. , Korost D. V. , Poludetkina E. N. , Morozov N. V. , Grigorev K. A.
Published: January 2022

The Gydratny Fault, extending in SW-NE over 60 km, is situated in the central basin of Lake Baikal. This fault governs a distribution of hydrocarbon gas discharge zones on the lake bottom, many of them are hydrate-bearing. During the Class@Baikal-2019 expedition gas samples were obtained from bottom sediments along the fault zone, molecular and isotopic properties of the gases were studied. It is concluded that the fault zone is permeable for hydrocarbons and serves as an important fluid flow conduit from deep sources to the surface. The most intensive gas seepage was determined along the central and north-eastern segments of the fault zone where it is associated with the MSU hydrate-bearing structure and the Novosibirsk and Ukhan mud volcanoes. Within these structures the highest concentrations of methane and C2+ components were detected, the heaviest isotopic composition of methane carbon (–57‰ VPDB) were identified and near-surface gas hydrate accumulations were observed. The south-western segment of the fault is characterized by the lowest concentrations of gases in sediments with light carbon isotopic composition of methane (–76‰ VPDB).

A dominant gas migration mechanism (advection or diffusion) in the upper part of the basin sedimentary section conditions the registered concentrations of methane and its homologues in sediments and their carbon isotopic composition. Diffusion and dispersion of migrated thermogenic gases and significant portion of microbial methane in seeping gases are characteristic for the areas where the fault is buried under relatively thick modern sediments. Focused gas migration followed by its focused discharge are specific for the areas where the fault propagates to the lake floor and is well-expressed in a bottom relief. Two models of hydrocarbon gases migration to the surface explaining the observed gas-geochemical characteristics of bottom sediments are described and discussed. Obtained results can help in enhancing interpretation of data of gas geochemical prospecting for offshore oil and gas.
Bitumen as the cause of the occurrence of zones of low electrical resistivity in the basement rocks of the West Siberian plate
Authors: Khotylev A. O. , Kozlova E. V. , Belokhin V. S. , Mayorov A. A. , Isakova T. G. , Pronina N. V. , Kalmykov G. A. , Khotylev O. V.
Published: January 2022

This article presents the results of studies of the material constitution and physical properties of rocks of foundation of the West Siberian Plate. It is shown that anthraxolite and kerite groups are present in bitumen rocks. We assume that the bitumens create a Late Paleozoic paleo-deposit, transformed under the conditions of apocatagenesis. Impregnation with highly transformed organic matter leads to a significant decrease in electrical resistivity to values of 1–30 Ohm metre, which must be taken into consideration when interpreting low-resistivity zones on log data.
On the question of petroleum source rocks (modern aspects of the sedimentarymigration theory of naphthydogenesis)
Authors: Gordadze G. N. , Giruts M. V. , Yusupova A. A. , Kozlova E. V. , Postnikova O. V.
Published: January 2022

Natural processes contradictive to the common organic (sedimentary and migrational) theory of oil formation were concluded to take place based on the study of the hydrocarbons-biomarkers distribution regularities at the molecular level in the dispersed organic matter of rocks, petroleum and kerogen thermolysis products.

Here specific examples of the generation of oil (concentrated organic matter) directly in the reservoir, i.e. reduced scheme of naphthydogenesis, excluding the process of migration were presented. At the same time, these examples do not exclude the migration of organic matter from the «oil source strata», but are an exception that confirms the general rule. It was shown that the study of organic matter, organic carbon (TOC), chloroform-soluble bitumen, pyrolysis “Rock-Eval”, etc., necessarily supporting the conclusions with data from a detailed study of the hydrocarbon composition at the molecular level.
Composition of silicate melt of fluorite-containing ongonites at 700–800 °C, 1 kbar and different oxygen fugacity
Authors: Alferyeva Ya. O. , Novikovа A. S.
Published: January 2022

Experiments on the melting of samples of fluorite-containing ongonites from the Ary-Bulak massif at 700–800 °C at a pressure of 100 MPa and oxygen fugacity corresponding to the Ni–NiO and Mt–Hem buffers were carried out. In all experiments, the limit of fluorine content in the aluminosilicate melt and saturation with respect to fluorite and topaz were reached. The change in oxygen fugacity does not qualitatively affect the phase relations in the studied samples, but leads to a slight increase in the solubility of topaz and a decrease in the solubility of fluorite in the silicate melt. In the composition of the silicate melt, there is a corresponding change in the value of the agpaite coefficient Ka and the content of CaO.
Distribution of trace elements in mud volcano sediments: in search of juvenile component
Authors: Maslov A. V. , Shevchenko V. P. , Bychkov A. Yu.
Published: January 2022

Researchers’ views on the causes of mud volcanism have evolved over time. In the early stages, mud volcanoes were considered common to volcanoes. Later, they began to be associated with processes in sedimentary basins, although attempts to link mud volcanism with magmatic manifestations and replenishment of juvenile components still exist. Findings of mercury, native gold, silver, sulfur, copper, iron and accessory minerals in the products of mud volcanoes in recent years allow a number of researchers to assume the existence of deep-seated flows of hydrocarbons from the mantle, and to consider mud volcanoes as a kind of degassing pipes. The results of the analysis of trace element composition of mud volcanoes sediments in different regions of the world (Kerch Peninsula, North-West Caucasus, Sakhalin, Dzhungar Basin, Andaman Islands, Cadiz Bay, Eastern Mediterranean and Eastern Java) confirm the idea that in them, as in the mud volcanoes fluids (water, methane, carbon dioxide, and helium), traces of the mantle/juvenile component are not observed.
Conditions for the formation of ground water in artesian basins of intermountain type
Authors: Baranovskaya E. I. , Pitjeva K. E. , Orolbaeva L. E.
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on the features of the formation of artesian basins of intermountain type. The conditions of formation of groundwater of Heihe artesian intermountain basin, located in the arid region of North-Western China, and water resources of the Tien Shan within Kyrgyzstan are considered. The differences in the hydrogeological structure of the basins, the features of recharge / discharge caused them to be divided into areas that are characterized by features in the chemical composition and quality of groundwater. This study describes the factors affecting the formation of groundwater, the geological and hydrogeological, and also hydrodynamic features of intermountain artesian basins. The main pattem of groundwater flows is characterized and the conceptual models of groundwater systems are presented. The chemical composition of their constituent aquifers is characterized. The obtained results provide a scientific basis for rational planning of social-economic management in the water-limited regions.
The relationship of strong earthquakes, volcanoes and typhoons in the Philippine plate region as a result of the mutual influence of geospheres
Authors: Arkhipova E. V. , Bryantseva G. V. , Zhigalin A. D.
Published: January 2022

The Philippine lithospheric plate is located at the intersection of the zones of intense influence of geosystems responsible for the evolution of the Earth’s outer shells, and is one of the most dangerous regions of the globe. The study of temporal variations of natural disasters at the end of the 20th — beginning of the 21st century is based on lies the premise of the relationship of strong earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tropical atmospheric eddies in areas of complex high instability of geospheres.
The interconnection of platform’s dislocations and sediment cover with the latest structure plan of the west Siberian plate
Authors: Manuilova E. A.
Published: January 2022

Comparison of the latest structural plan of the West Siberian plate with the dislocations of the basement and sedimentary cover allowed us to rank the latest plicative and disjunctive structures according to the degree of inheritance. As a result of the work carried out, inherited, reversed and newly formed plicative structural forms were established. It is noted that the prostrations of ancient structures differ from modern ones and inheritance occurs only in fragments. When comparing the newest faults with the oldest ones, inherited and newly formed discontinuous faults are noted. The newly discovered inherited structures can be considered as promising areas for the search for hydrocarbon deposits.
Assessment of the influence of neotectonic movements on the relief of the basins of lakes Ladoga and Onega
Authors: Agibalov A. O. , Zaitsev V. A. , Sentsov A. A. , Manuilova E. A. , Poleshchuk A. V.
Published: January 2022

We obtained new data about the high degree of relationship between the relief and the nature of the latest movements within the depressions of the Ladoga and Onega lakes as a result of geomorphological studies. Computer geodynamic modeling showed that this relationship is explainable by the development of the supposed active faults identified by us on a detailed scale in an environment of northeastern extension, the axis of which is oriented across the strike of the considered lake basins.
Paleoclimatic history of the Central and Eastern parts of Tethys in Jurassic-Quaternary time
Authors: Gabdullin R. R. , Puzik A. Yu. , Merenkova S. I. , Kazurov M. D. , Kopaevich L. F. , Yakovishina E. V. , Bordunov S. I. , Lygina E. A. , Badulina N. V. , Migranov I. R.
Published: January 2022

Paleotemperature curves for water masses and average annual temperatures were constructed from our own and published data for Central and Eastern Tethys for the Jurassic-Quaternaryfor the first time.
Neotectonic structures of the Norh-Eastern Taimyr
Authors: Bryantseva G. V. , Demina L. I. , Promyslova M. Yu. , Kosevich N. I.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of structural and geomorphological analysis of the Taimyr Peninsula North-Eastern part. The main neotectonic structures of the region are identified. It is shown that the intensity of neotectonic processes increases in the North-East direction, which is due to the approach to the spreading zone of the Gakkel ridge in the Arctic ocean. In the same direction, the tectonic fragmentation of Taimyr, the height of mountain structures, and seismic activity are increasing.
Oil and gas perspectives of the Ordoviksky-Nizhnefransky mega-complex of the Pechorsk Sea shelf
Authors: Dzyublo A. D. , Sidorov V. V. , Zonn M. S. , Agadzhanyants I. G.
Published: January 2022

A fundamentally important result of offshore exploration is the identification of a new oilbearing region in the eastern part of the Pechomorsk shelf. Large oil fields have been discovered here: Prirazlomnoye, Varandey-more, Medynskoye-more, Dolginskoye. The explored reserves and resources of hydrocarbons (HC) suggest that in the near future a new oil-producing region will be formed on the shelf of the Pechora Sea. According to the State Balance, the total initial raw oil resources in the Pechora Sea are 3273.2 million tons. The main task of our work is the desire of the authors to draw attention to the problem of accelerating the pace of searches for promising objects on the shelf of the Pechora Sea and additional exploration of already discovered deposits in the Ordovician-Lower Fransk oil and gas megacomplex in the Varandey-Adzvinskaya structural zone (VASZ).

The prevailing disproportion between the plans for the development of the fuel and energy complex, its resource availability and the rate of replenishment of the hydrocarbon raw material base of the Pechora Sea shelf may turn into serious problems for the energy security of the country.

The further development of a large oil production cluster on the shelf of the Pechora Sea is primarily associated with the prospecting and development of hydrocarbon resources of the relatively deep-lying oil and gas bearing predominantly carbonate Ordovician-Lower Fransky megacomplex (MC) on the VASZ shelf and adjacent areas, especially at the Prirazlomnoye and Medynskoye-more fields.
Physicochemical and geodynamic conditions for the formation of the Sarsanginsky complex of the border zone of the Southern and Middle Urals
Authors: Snachev V. I. , Snachev A. V. , Puzhakov B. A. , Romanovskaya M. A.
Published: January 2022

The article describes the geological structure of the Sarsanginsky gabbro-diorite-plagiogranite complex located in the border zone of the Middle and South Urals. The formation of its massifs took place in the late Silurian time in the abyssal zone at depths of about 6,5–7,0 km. The temperature range of crystallization of granodiorites was 900–990 С, and for gabbro 1180–1280 С. The system pressure at this moment corresponded to 190–200 MPa. The gabbro that make up the massifs under consideration were formed under stretching conditions on the oceanic crust. In terms of petrogeochemical features, they correspond to rocks at the base of island arcs and belong to the ophiolite formation.
Postisland-arc fayalite-containing plagiogranites of mt. Kastel within mountain Crimea Kimmerides
Authors: Spiridonov E. M. , Putintseva E. V.
Published: January 2022

The hypabissal intrusive of Mt. Kastel fayalite plagiogranites intruded in the center of the South Bank uplift within Crimean kimmerides. Plagiogranites crosscut and local metamorphose the complexly folded flysch mass of Tauride series T2-J1, the bodies of island-arc gabbroids of Early Bayos Pervomaysk-Aju-Dag complex and basalts bodies of Late Bayos Karadag complex. Judging by the pattern of partings and the contact conditions, the intrusive is relatively weakly tectonized. Kastel postisland-arc plagiogranites (72,02 wt% of SiO2; 4,57 wt% of Na2О; 1,26 wt% of K2O; Na2О/K2O = 3,6; 92,4% of ferruginosity; Th >> U) contain high ferriferous olivine — fayalite, eulite and annite, rich in accessory zircon, monazite and xenotime. During the crystallization differentiation of plagiogranites of Mt. Kastel there was an accumulation of Fe and Mn in olivine composition, Na and K in plagioclase composition, Mn in ilmenite composition, Hf in zircon composition and Th in monazite composition, a narrowing of zircon and xenotime solid solutions composition. Endemic fayalite plagiogranites could arise under the conditions of orogenic regime, which, apparently, should be distinguished in the history of Mountain Crimean mesozoids.
Pore waters geochemistry of bottom sediments in the northeastern part of the Barents sea
Authors: Kazak E. S. , Korzun A. V. , Akhmanov G. G. , Bakai E. A.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the pore waters composition’s experimental results in the northeastern part of the Barents Sea. The pore water contains Cl–, Na+, SO4 2– and Mg2+ as dominant components and is quite similar to the Barents Seawater composition. For the first time, we measured the cation exchange capacity of (13.98-35.50 meq/100 g) and the exchanging cations composition (Na+>Mg2+>Ca2+>K+) of bottom sediments. We find that most of the sampled pore water (near 90%) have marine nature, and only near 10% is slightly transformed with sulfate reduction processes due to the diagenesis. We measure that the rare earth elements (REE) content in pore water is up to 1.589 μg/L with their content in sediments up to 144.051 mg/kg, negative cerium and positive europium anomalies are observed both in the pore waters and in bottom sediments. We calculated using PHREEQC that pore water undersaturated to gypsum and halite and supersaturated to calcite and dolomite, which may precipitate in deposits during diagenesis.
Neopleistocene aqifer sistem in the astrakhan gas condensate field: specifics, structure and models of formation
Authors: Golovanova O. G. , Pitjeva K. E.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents an analysis of materials from studies of the Neopleistocene sedimentary complexes and aquifer system: lithological, mineralogical-geochemical, hydrogeochemical, hydrogeofiltration and hydrogeomigration in the region of development of the Astrakhan gas condensate field (AGCF). The main provisions of the model of the formation of groundwater, the specifics of their balance, the chemical composition of hydrogeodynamics, hydrogeomigration, and the main governing factors are formulated. The predominance of marine sediments in complexly constructed strata of the Neopleistocene, with a significant role of clay layers and fragmentary traces of continental development, was revealed. Facies and sedimentary environments characteristic of large deltas and shallow marine areas, like the modern North Caspian, have been identified. The system of deltas and deltas of large and small streams is considered with the involvement of geomorphological, landscape-climatic and geodynamic factors for the development of a model for the formation of the studied strata.

In the upper part of the litho-hydrosphere of the AGKM region, a specific landscape-geomorphological pattern was revealed, reflecting the systems of zones of geodynamic instability on a scale of the first hundreds of meters-kilometers. In a significant part of the study area, an association of areas of the greatest thickness and conductivity of aquifers of the Neopleistocene complex with interdome depressions of deep halogenetic structures was revealed. The results obtained are relevant for the development of a model for the formation of aquatic-rock complexes of the Neopleistocene and management of the development of AGCF: identifying ways of spreading pollution; reducing the risk of accidents due to the instability of the foundations of the gas complex facilities and many others.
Conditions for the formation sellaite in saline deposits
Authors: Savenko A. V. , Savenko V. S.
Published: January 2022

The conditions for precipitation of magnesium fluoride (sellaite) from seawater with salinity of 35–105‰ were experimentally determined. It was established that precipitation of MgF2 at salinity of 35, 70, and 105‰ occurs at the concentration of dissolved fluorine above 37, 46, and 51 mg/l, respectively. In isolated evaporitic basins, the fluorine concentration required for the formation of sellaite is not achieved at all stages of the evaporation of seawater. It is assumed that high concentration of fluorine sufficient for the precipitation of sellaite arise as a result of the combined effect of evaporation and additional inflow of this element into evaporitic basins with river runoff or/and the release of coprecipitated and adsorbed fluorine during of postsedimentary recrystallization of salt minerals.
Localization of oil and gas deposits depending on the types of new structures on the territory of the West Siberian plate
Authors: Manuilova E. A.
Published: January 2022

The division of deposits by types of hydrocarbons on the territory of the West Siberian Plate allowed us to identify three areas: Yamalo-Gydan, where gas and gas condensate fields are concentrated, Nadym-Taz with a mixed type of deposits and the Latitudinal Ob region, where oil fields predominate. These areas are confined to certain neotectonics areas. Comparison of the location of hydrocarbon deposits with the latest structures allowed us to establish signs of their localization both within each of the regions and in general for the territory of the West Siberian Plate. It is recorded that oil and gas fields are confined mainly to the areas of the newest regional inherited depressions, faults with a shear component of the northwestern and northeastern strike, areas with high (66–100%) and low (0–33%) lineament density, depressions-valleys separating the newest regional and local structures and the boundaries of local uplifts and depressions.
Possibilities of studying weak seismicity in the central part of the East-European platform using the new broadband seismic station «Aleksandrovka»
Authors: Goev A. G. , Sanina I. A. , Konstantinovskaya N. L. , Ovchinnikova O. V.
Published: January 2022

The registration possibilities of the new broadband seismic station “Aleksandrovka” are considered. It has been established that its hardware and installation conditions make it possible to monitor the central part of the East European craton in order to identify events of small magnitude and to clarify the coordinates of located events. It is shown that the criterion for recognizing the genesis of events, developed earlier for the MSG “Mikhnevo”, can be applied to the records of a single seismic station.
The structure of the tectonosphere the Mozambique and Madagascar ridges by geophysical data
Authors: Ryzhova D. A. , Kosnyreva M. V. , Dubinin E. P. , Bulychev A. A.
Published: January 2022

The study area occupies the southwestern part of the Indian Ocean, where the Mozambique and Madagascar ridges are located. Ideas about the tectonic structure of these ridges are still debatable. The anomalous structure of the crust of these ridges can be explained either by underplating — thickening of the oceanic crust from below due to magmatism, or by stretching and thinning of the continental crust. Based on the data on anomalous gravitational and magnetic fields, seismotomography, and other geological and geophysical information, density modeling was performed for four profiles, which revealed differences in the crustal structure and evolution of the Mozambique and Madagascar ridges.
About a number of positions of theoretical foundations of the new geoecology content
Authors: Trofimov V. T.
Published: January 2022

The ideas about the content of the concept of “geoecological space”, types, scientifi c content and applied tasks, types of systems studied by geoecology, theoretical foundations of which are developed on the basis of the concept of environmental functions of abiotic spheres of the Earth are characterized. Types and groups of indicators used to assess geoecological conditions.
The initial stage of Early Carboniferous rifting in the Southern Urals: fi rst results of zircon U-Pb dating from granitoids of Neplyuevka complex
Authors: Tevelev A. V. , Sobolev I. D. , Borisenko A. A. , Pravikova N. V. , Kazansky A. J. , Koptev E. V. , Kosheleva I. A. , Žák J.
Published: January 2022

Zircons from the Early Carboniferous granitoids of the Neplyuevkа massif of the South Urals have been dated (SHRIMP). Two different age groups are distinguished among the studied zircons: 1 — from 334 to 342 Ma; 2 — from 354 to 356 Ma. The older ages probably correspond to the time of zircon crystallization from the melt, while the younger ages resulted from a partial loss of radiogenic lead by zircon during the cooling of the massif or from thermal impact of Early Carboniferous or even Early Permian intrusions. The formation of the Neplyuevkа complex at the very beginning of the Carboniferous marks the most important stage in the geodynamic evolution of the Southern Urals — a rapid transition from island arc magmatism, which continued during Devonian, to riftogenic magmatism, which ended only in middle Visean.
The age and tectonic position epithermal gold mineralization Omolon Massif (North-East Asia)
Authors: Glukhov A. N. , Priymenko V. V. , Samsonov A. A.
Published: January 2022

Some aspects of the genesis of industrially important Paleozoic epithermal gold deposits of the Omolon massif are considered. According to the results of Ar-Ar dating of ores, their age is 20–30 Ma younger than that of the volcanic complexes of the Kedonian volcanic belt of the Devonian, with which this mineralization is traditionally associated. For the Paleozoic continental marginal magmatism of the Omolon massif, we have identified a stage of post-subduction rifting, characterized by the formation of volcano-plutonic associations of shoshonite-latite series. The authors suppose that it was at this stage, the chronological boundaries of which are determined as 335–286 Ma, that the ores under consideration were formed. The paragenetic connection with riftogenic shoshonite-latite series explains such specific features of the Paleozoic epithermal gold mineralization of the Omolon massif, such as high gold-silver ratio, low ore sulfide content, widespread development of fluorite and tellurides, low values of the primary Sr isotope ratio (0,703–0,706).
Application of methods of structural petrophysical analysis for estimating metamorphogenic transformations of host rocks and ores of Dzhusa massive sulfide deposit (South Urals)
Authors: Burmistrov A. A. , Vikentyev I. V. , Yartsev E. I.
Published: January 2022

Based on a comparison of the chemical composition and a number of petrophysical and thermodynamic parameters of changed to varying degrees syn-ore and post-ore Devonian gabbroids of the Dzhusa pyrite-polymetallic deposit (South Ural), the principal possibility of quantifying the grade of their alteration and transformation related with the hydrothermal post-volcanic and dynamic metamorphism is shown.
Organic matter maturation stages in Tutleim formation rocks depending on maceral composition
Authors: Marunova D. A. , Pronina N. V. , Kalmykov A. G. , Ivanova D. A. , Kalmykov G. A.
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the results of coal petrographic and geochemical studies of the Tutleim Formation rocks organic matter in the area of the Em-Egovskaya summit. Five macerals were identified that compose the organic matter of the studied formation: “standard” bituminite, “atypical” bituminite, radiolarian organic matter, alginite and vitrinite, as well as bitumen and bitumen films, which are the products of the original organic matter transformation. The metamorphosis in macerals during catagenesis is described, and the order of their entry into the generation phase is established. It has been shown that alginite starts transforming first, then “standard” bituminite, “atypical” bituminite, and the last one is the radiolarian organic matter. The results obtained were confirmed by the laboratory modeling of the further organic matter transformation. New bitumens are formed with different fluorescent properties compared to the initial ones. The results obtained in combination with the study of changes in the composition of both macerals and bitumen can make it possible to assess the contribution of individual organic matter microcomponents to the process of petroleum hydrocarbons generation.
Model of hydrocarbon compounds distribution in pore space of bazhenov horizon
Authors: Tikhonova M. S. , Kalmykov A. G. , Ivanova D. A. , Vidishcheva O. N. , Kalmykov G. A. , Borisov R. B.
Published: January 2022

The article provides the results of the hydrocarbon compounds (HCS) molecular composition in open and closed pores of the Bazhenov horizon source rocks studying. Extraction with solvents of different polarity allows to withdraw additional HCS from both open and closed pores of rock samples, and their composition systematically differs both in the distribution of normal alkanes and in the values of biomarker parameters characterizing the maturity and sedimentary conditions. HCS in open pores is more thermally maturated than HCS in closed pores, and in both cases, maturity can decrease in blocked pores, especially in those sealed with soluble in alcohol-benzene resins-asphaltenes. The values of parameters Pr/Ph and dia/(dia+reg)C27 are higher for bitumen in open pores, but the values of C29/C30 and H35S/H34S are much higher for bitumen in closed pores, and can vary in blocked pores with respect to the open ones. As a result, a improved model of HCS distribution in the pore space was proposed, which shows the presence of residual light HCS in open pores, as well as two types of blocked pores, in which HCS are sealed by different resins-asphaltenes in both open and closed pore spaces.
KÜTÜPHANELERDE ALGILANAN HİZMET KALİTESİ İLE KULLANICI MEMNUNİYETİ İLİŞKİSİ: HASAN KALYONCU ÜNİVERSİTESİ KÜTÜPHANESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇETİN Kemaleddin Mustafa , BİLGİNER ÖZSAATCI Fatma Gül
Published: January 2022

1990’lı yıllar ile birlikte sanayi sektörü parlamış, mal üretimleri maksimum seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Hizmet sektörünün doğası gereği, verilen hizmetin kalite düzeyi, mal üretiminin kalite düzeyi kadar kolay bir şekilde ölçülememektedir. Hizmet üreten tüm birimlerin temel amaçları kaliteli bir hizmet sunmak, kaliteli mal üretmek ve müşteriyi memnun etmek olmuştur. Kaliteli hizmet konusu bu çalışmada kütüphaneler aracılığıyla anlatılacaktır. Çalışmanın temel sorunu kütüphanelerde algılanan hizmet anlayışı ile müşteri memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda algılanan hizmet kalitesi ve algılanan hizmet kalitesi alt boyutları ile kullanıcı memnuniyeti arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra kullanıcıların kütüphane hizmetlerinde algıladıkları hizmet kalitesi ve kullanıcı memnuniyetinin eğitim durumuna ve bağlı bulunulan fakülteye göre de anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
Online Learning for Foot Contact Detection of Legged Robot Based on Data Stream Clustering
Authors: Liu Qingyu , Yuan Bing , Wang Yang
Published: February 2022

Foot contact detection is critical for legged robot running control using state machine, in which the controller uses different control modules in the leg flight phase and landing phase. This paper presents an online learning framework to improve the rapidity of foot contact detection in legged robot running. In this framework, the Gaussian mixture model with three sub-components is adopted to learn the contact data vectors corresponding to running on flat ground, running upstairs, and running downstairs. An online data stream learning algorithm is used to update the model. To deal with the difficulty in obtaining contact data at landing moment online, a “trace back” module is designed to trace back the contact data in the memory stack until the data meet with the probability contact criterion. To test if the foot is in contact with the ground, a projection method is proposed. The acquiring data vector during the leg flight phase is projected onto an independent random vector space, and the contact event is triggered if all projected random variables fall within 1.5σ of the corresponding Gaussian distribution. Experiments on a legged robot show that the presented algorithm can predict the foot contact 16 ms in advance compared with the prediction using only leg force, which will ease the controller design and enhance the stability of legged robot control.
Loss of Foxd4 Impacts Neurulation and Cranial Neural Crest Specification During Early Head Development
Authors: McMahon Riley , Sibbritt Tennille , Aryamanesh Nadar , Masamsetti V. Pragathi , Tam Patrick P. L.
Published: February 2022

The specification of anterior head tissue in the late gastrulation mouse embryo relies on signaling cues from the visceral endoderm and anterior mesendoderm (AME). Genetic loss-of-function studies have pinpointed a critical requirement of LIM homeobox 1 (LHX1) transcription factor in these tissues for the formation of the embryonic head. Transcriptome analysis of embryos with gain-of-function LHX1 activity identified the forkhead box gene, Foxd4, as one downstream target of LHX1 in late-gastrulation E7.75 embryos. Our analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data show Foxd4 is co-expressed with Lhx1 and Foxa2 in the anterior midline tissue of E7.75 mouse embryos, and in the anterior neuroectoderm (ANE) at E8.25 alongside head organizer genes Otx2 and Hesx1. To study the role of Foxd4 during early development we used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to generate bi-allelic frameshift mutations in the coding sequence of Foxd4. In an in vitro model of the anterior neural tissues derived from Foxd4-loss of function (LOF) mESCs and extraembryonic endoderm cells, expression of head organizer genes as well as Zic1 and Zic2 was reduced, pointing to a need for FOXD4 in regulating early neuroectoderm development. Mid-gestation mouse chimeras harbouring Foxd4-LOF mESCs displayed craniofacial malformations and neural tube closure defects. Furthermore, our in vitro data showed a loss of FOXD4 impacts the expression of cranial neural crest markers Twist1 and Sox9. Our findings have demonstrated that FOXD4 is essential in the AME and later in the ANE for rostral neural tube closure and neural crest specification during head development.
Cytokinesis During the First Division of a Mouse Embryo
Authors: Fan Xiao-Yan , Wang Xing-Hua , Xie Feng-Yun , Ma Jun-Yu , Ou Xiang-Hong , Luo Shi-Ming
Published: February 2022

Cell division consists of nuclear division (mitosis for somatic cells and meiosis for germ cells) and cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis). Embryonic developments are highly programmed, and thus, each cellular event during early embryo development is stable. For mouse embryos, the first time of mitosis is completed about 22 h after fertilization. However, it remains unclear when the embryo completes its first cytokinesis. Here, we microinjected only one cell in the 2-cell stage mouse embryos with mRNA, which encodes green fluorescence protein (GFP). By monitoring the GFP protein transport dynamics between the two cells, we demonstrated that the first time of cytokinesis in mouse embryos is completed about 15 h after mitosis, namely 37 h after fertilization. In addition, our results indicate that the cytoplasmic protein transport between daughter cells is very effective, which relies on microtubules instead of microfilaments in 2-cell mouse embryos. These results should enrich people’s understanding of the first cell division and cytoskeleton in mouse embryos and then learn more about the mechanisms of early embryo development in mammals.
Six1 and Six2 of the Sine Oculis Homeobox Subfamily are Not Functionally Interchangeable in Mouse Nephron Formation
Authors: Xu Jinshu , Li Jun , Ramakrishnan Aarthi , Yan Hanen , Shen Li , Xu Pin-Xian
Published: February 2022

The vertebrate Six1 and Six2 arose by gene duplication from the Drosophila sine oculis and have since diverged in their developmental expression patterns. Both genes are expressed in nephron progenitors of human fetal kidneys, and mutations in SIX1 or SIX2 cause branchio-oto-renal syndrome or renal hypodysplasia respectively. Since ∼80% of SIX1 target sites are shared by SIX2, it is speculated that SIX1 and SIX2 may be functionally interchangeable by targeting common downstream genes. In contrast, in mouse kidneys, Six1 expression in the metanephric mesenchyme lineage overlaps with Six2 only transiently, while Six2 expression is maintained in the nephron progenitors throughout development. This non-overlapping expression between Six1 and Six2 in mouse nephron progenitors promoted us to examine if Six1 can replace Six2. Surprisingly, forced expression of Six1 failed to rescue Six2-deficient kidney phenotype. We found that Six1 mediated Eya1 nuclear translocation and inhibited premature epithelialization of the progenitors but failed to rescue the proliferation defects and cell death caused by Six2-knockout. Genome-wide binding analyses showed that Six1 selectively occupied a small subset of Six2 target sites, but many Six2-bound loci crucial to the renewal and differentiation of nephron progenitors lacked Six1 occupancy. Altogether, these data indicate that Six1 cannot substitute Six2 to drive nephrogenesis in mouse kidneys, thus demonstrating that the difference in physiological roles of Six1 and Six2 in kidney development stems from both transcriptional regulations of the genes and divergent biochemical properties of the proteins.
Running ‘LAPS’ Around nLD: Nuclear Lipid Droplet Form and Function
Authors: McPhee Michael J. , Salsman Jayme , Foster Jason , Thompson Jordan , Mathavarajah Sabateeshan , Dellaire Graham , Ridgway Neale D.
Published: February 2022

The nucleus harbours numerous protein subdomains and condensates that regulate chromatin organization, gene expression and genomic stress. A novel nuclear subdomain that is formed following exposure of cells to excess fatty acids is the nuclear lipid droplet (nLD), which is composed of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer and associated regulatory and lipid biosynthetic enzymes. While structurally resembling cytoplasmic LDs, nLDs are formed by distinct but poorly understood mechanisms that involve the emergence of lipid droplets from the lumen of the nucleoplasmic reticulum andde novolipid synthesis. Luminal lipid droplets that emerge into the nucleoplasm do so at regions of the inner nuclear membrane that become enriched in promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein. The resulting nLDs that retain PML on their surface are termed lipid-associated PML structures (LAPS), and are distinct from canonical PML nuclear bodies (NB) as they lack key proteins and modifications associated with these NBs. PML is a key regulator of nuclear signaling events and PML NBs are sites of gene regulation and post-translational modification of transcription factors. Therefore, the subfraction of nLDs that form LAPS could regulate lipid stress responses through their recruitment and retention of the PML protein. Both nLDs and LAPS have lipid biosynthetic enzymes on their surface suggesting they are active sites for nuclear phospholipid and triacylglycerol synthesis as well as global lipid regulation. In this review we have summarized the current understanding of nLD and LAPS biogenesis in different cell types, their structure and composition relative to other PML-associated cellular structures, and their role in coordinating a nuclear response to cellular overload of fatty acids.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xin Caihong , Fan Huaying , Xie Jing , Hu Jingcheng , Sun Xin , Liu Qiuchen
Published: February 2022

Background

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease that causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which are the most common urological problem in approximately one-third of the male population aged over 50 years. Some studies have suggested that diabetes may be a risk factor for the development of BPH. However, whether diabetes aggravates the LUTS of BPH patients is still controversial.

Aim

To investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on LUTS in BPH patients.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure literature databases. This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD 42020200794). Fixed- or random-effects models were used for analysis according to heterogeneity. The results of the systematic analysis are presented as weighted mean difference (WMD) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

In total, 1308 studies were retrieved from databases and 18 articles comprising 1685 cases and 4653 controls were selected for meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) value and prostate volume of BPH patients with diabetes was significantly higher than that of BPH patients without diabetes.

Conclusions

This systematic review is the first to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on LUTS in BPH patients. The results of our meta-analysis support the hypothesis that LUTS in BPH patients is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus compared with controls, which suggests that physicians should pay more attention to BPH patients with diabetes mellitus.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=200794], identifier CRD 42020200794.
Effect of Genetic Variants of Gonadotropins and Their Receptors on Ovarian Stimulation Outcomes: A Delphi Consensus
Authors: Conforti Alessandro , Tüttelmann Frank , Alviggi Carlo , Behre Hermann M. , Fischer Robert , Hu Liang , Polyzos Nikolaos P. , Chuderland Dana , Rama Raju Gottumukkala Achyuta , D’Hooghe Thomas , Simoni Manuela , Sunkara Sesh K. , Longobardi Salvatore
Published: February 2022

Background

A Delphi consensus was conducted to evaluate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding gonadotropin and gonadotropin receptors on clinical ovarian stimulation outcomes following assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment.

Methods

Nine experts plus two Scientific Coordinators discussed and amended statements plus supporting references proposed by the Scientific Coordinators. The statements were distributed via an online survey to 36 experts, who voted on their level of agreement or disagreement with each statement. Consensus was reached if the proportion of participants agreeing or disagreeing with a statement was >66%.

Results

Eleven statements were developed, of which two statements were merged. Overall, eight statements achieved consensus and two statements did not achieve consensus. The statements reaching consensus are summarized here. (1) SNP in the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), rs6166 (c.2039A>G, p.Asn680Ser) (N=5 statements): Ser/Ser carriers have higher basal FSH levels than Asn/Asn carriers. Ser/Ser carriers require higher amounts of gonadotropin during ovarian stimulation than Asn/Asn carriers. Ser/Ser carriers produce fewer oocytes during ovarian stimulation than Asn/Asn or Asn/Ser carriers. There is mixed evidence supporting an association between this variant and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. (2) SNP of FSHR, rs6165 (c.919G>A, p.Thr307Ala) (N=1 statement): Few studies suggest Thr/Thr carriers require a shorter duration of gonadotropin stimulation than Thr/Ala or Ala/Ala carriers. (3) SNP of FSHR, rs1394205 (−29G>A) (N=1 statement): Limited data in specific ethnic groups suggest that A/A allele carriers may require higher amounts of gonadotropin during ovarian stimulation and produce fewer oocytes than G/G carriers. (4) SNP of FSH β-chain (FSHB), rs10835638 (−211G>T) (N=1 statement): There is contradictory evidence supporting an association between this variant and basal FSH levels or oocyte number. (5) SNPs of luteinizing hormone β-chain (LHB) and LH/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) genes (N=1 statement): these may influence ovarian stimulation outcomes and could represent potential future targets for pharmacogenomic research in ART, although data are still very limited.

Conclusions

This Delphi consensus provides clinical perspectives from a diverse international group of experts. The consensus supports a link between some variants in gonadotropin/gonadotropin receptor genes and ovarian stimulation outcomes; however, further research is needed to clarify these findings.
Future Directions in Diagnosis, Prognosis and Disease Monitoring of Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Novel Non-Invasive Biomarkers
Authors: Cheng Yuling , Kou Wei , Zhu Dandan , Yu Xinbo , Zhu Yu
Published: February 2022

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with frequent metastatic spread and poor prognosis. The disease can occur at any age with unexpected biological behavior. Recent genome-wide studies of ACC have contributed to our understanding of the disease, but diagnosis of ACC remains a challenge, even for multidisciplinary expert teams. Patients with ACC are frequently diagnosed in advanced stages and have limited therapeutic options. Therefore, for earlier diagnosis and better clinical management of adrenocortical carcinoma, specific, sensitive, and minimal invasive markers are urgently needed. Over several decades, great efforts have been made in discovering novel and reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers including microRNAs, steroid profilings, circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNAs and radiomics. In this review, we will summarize these novel noninvasive biomarkers and analyze their values for diagnosis, predicting prognosis, and disease monitoring. Current problems and possible future application of these non-invasive biomarkers will also be discussed.