bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sandboxes regulatorios, hubs de innovación y más innovaciones regulatorias en América Latina y el Caribe: Una aproximación
Authors: Bijkerk Werner
Published: April 2021

La tecnología financiera genera en el mercado financiero un impacto profundo y un cambio estructural de una manera inusualmente veloz. Las herramientas tradicionales de regulación, así como el empleo de nuevas políticas regulatorias, necesarias para encauzar la tecnología financiera, resultan ser instrumentos insuficientes y demasiado lentos para mantener el control. Sin el empleo de innovación regulatoria financiera los países corren el riesgo de que las innovaciones financieras no se desarrollen (lo suficiente) o se lancen fuera del alcance del regulador y supervisor con todos los riesgos que esto conlleva. Las innovaciones regulatorias financieras, reconocidas y tratadas en este reporte, son el sandbox regulatorio, el innovation hub, el accelerator y la mesa de diálogo. De estas herramientas, el sandbox y el hub son las más utilizadas y reciben la atención principal. El reporte presenta los primeros resultados de estas innovaciones regulatorias financieras empleadas alrededor del mundo y un resumen de la literatura académica disponible. También analiza la situación de los países de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), y opciones regulatorias y de políticas, así como los requerimientos operativos para emplear innovaciones regulatorias financieras.
Knowledge, Attitude & Practice of Pediatricians regarding Oral Health and Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Ghasemi Bita , Mazaheri Romina , FalLah Niloofar , Feizi Najafi Naghmeh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Educating pediatricians regarding oral health and early childhood caries can have a great effect on improving their knowledge, attitude & practice. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude & practice of pediatricians regarding oral health and early childhood caries in city of Isfahan.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study that is cross sectional, 80 pediatricians were selected randomly and a questionnaire that reliability and validity of it had been approved, was distributed between participants. Questions separately in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oral health and early childhood caries were designed. Finally, after collecting the questionnaires, Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation and Independent T-Test with the 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The mean knowledge score was 58.4, the mean attitude score was 79.2 and the mean practice score was 55.5 (from 100). There was a direct significant relationship between pediatricians’ knowledge score with attitude (p value < 0.001) and practice (p value < 0.001), in addition there was a direct significant relationship (p value < 0.001) between pediatricians’ attitude score and practice score too. There was no significant relationship between knowledge with age (p value = 0.12) but there was a significant relationship between attitude (p value = 0.01) and practice (p value < 0.001) with age. There was also a significant relationship between with knowledge (p value = 0.03), attitude (p value = 0.01) & practice (p value < 0.001).
Conclusion: The mean of pediatricians’ knowledge and practice score were average. Since there was a significant relationship between knowledge and practice score, so increase the pediatricians’ level of knowledge and improvement the attitude and practice of them in this context is important and developed training programs are necessary for them.
Evaluation of Prevalence of Hypodontia Based on Sex, Dental and Skeletal Relationship in Patients Admitted to Ahvaz Dental School
Authors: Ghorbanijavadpour Fataneh , Rakhshan Vahid , Ashoori Negin
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hypodontia is the most prevalent dental anomaly that might cause clinical complications. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of hypodontia in relation with sex in permanent teeth, skeletal malocclusion and dental crowding among orthodontic patients admitted to Ahvaz Dental School.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, dental casts, panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms related to patients that were admitted to Department of Orthodontics of Ahvaz Dental School during 2018-2019 were investigated, to establish the existence of hypodontia, type of skeletal relationship, age, sex and dental crowding in the permanent dentition. The data were analyzed using a chi-square test in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25 with statistical significance set at p value < 0.05.
Results: Among 331 patients which were included 257 females (77.65%) and 74 males, prevalence of hypodontia was 9.4% (31 patients, 10.5% in females, 5.5% in males). The difference between the genders in term of hypodontia was not significant (p value = 0.257).
This condition was existed from the dental and skeletal relationship point of view: hypodontia was observed in 19 patients (61.4%) with class Ⅰ relationship, 9 patients (29%) with skeletal class Ⅱ and 3 patients (9.6%) with skeletal class skeletal class ⅠⅠⅠ relationship. The difference between skeletal relationship and hypodontia was not significant (p value = 0.370). Dental crowding was observed in 24 patients (77.4%). There was not significant difference between dental crowding and hypodontia (p value = 0.276).
Conclusion: Hypodontia was more prevalent in females but there was no significant difference between the prevalence of hypodontia in males and females. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of hypodontia in Iran similar to current study.
Effect of Preoperative Single Dose Dexamethasone Injection in Masseter Muscle on Postoperative Sequelae Following Lower Impacted Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Moghadasi Mehrzad , Golestaneh Arash , Ghodosi Arash , Golestani Shayan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The surgical removal of impacted lower third molars involves trauma to soft and bony tissue and can result in pain, swelling and trismus. The purpose of this study was to
evaluate the efficacy of dexamethasone, as a single 4 mg dose injected into the masseter muscle prior to extraction of impacted lower third molars on theses postoperative sequelae.
 
Materials & Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical research consisted of 43 healthy patients. The study group received 4 mg dexamethasone into the masseter muscle via intrabuccal approach immediately before starting the procedure while the control group received no corticoid. 7 days after surgery. Data were analyzed using t-test (α = 0.05).
 
Results: The patients administered dexamethasone showed superior results after surgery in terms of oral aperture, pain and all the facial swelling parameters, with statistically
significant differences versus the controls (p value<0.001). Also there was statistically significant difference in terms of patients trismus between case and controlgroups (p value<0.001).
 
Conclusion: The results obtained showed that 4 mg of dexamethasone injected into the masseter muscle in the immediately before starting the procedure significantly reduces
swelling, trism us and pain.
Büyük Menderes Havzası’nın Batısında Kalan Sahalarda Ana Materyal ve Bitki Örtüsü ile Arazi Kabiliyet Sınıfları ve Arazi Kullanım Biçimleri Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: KIVANÇ Yıldırım
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı haritalardan, bilgilerden ve saha gözlemlerinden yararlanılarak ana materyal ve bitki örtüsünün arazi kabiliyet sınıflarına ve kullanım biçimlerine etkilerini açıklamaktır.
Araştırma sahasının dağlık alanlarında gnays, mika şist, kuvarsit ve granit ana kayaları üzerinde kumlu bünyede kireçsiz kahverengi orman toprakları, kireçtaşı ve mermerler üzerinde Kırmızı Akdeniz toprakları oluşmuştur. Bitki örtüsüyle kaplı yamaçlar VII. sınıf, çıplak alanlar ve kayalıklar VIII. sınıf arazileri oluşturur. Yamaçların alt bölümlerinde zeytinlikler, maki-garig bitki örtüsü, daha yükseklerde kızılçam, karaçam ve fıstık çamı ormanları uzanır. Yamaç eteklerinde kolüvyal toprakların bulunduğu V. sınıf arazilerinde zeytin ve incir tarımı yapılmaktadır. Ovalarda yer alan alüvyal topraklar genellikle I-IV. sınıf araziler halinde olup sulu tarım yapılmaktadır. Didim platosundaki Kırmızı Akdeniz topraklarının olduğu IV. sınıf arazilerde zeytin yetiştirilmektedir.
Zazakî de Ergatîvîte
Authors: KIRKAN Ahmet
Published: April 2021

Ergativite ve bunun cümleler üzerindeki etkisi, diller arasındaki büyük farklardan biridir. Ergativite, Farsça gibi dillerde herhangi bir tesiri kalmamıştır ama Zazacada halen etkisini sürdürmektedir. Lakin Zazaca da tam ergatif bir dil değildir. Zazacada ergativite sadece geçmiş zamanda kalmış olup, bu anlamda Zazaca yarım-ergatif bir dildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Zazacada ergativiteyi açıklamaktır. Çalışmada bazen Zazaca ve Kurmancca karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir. Zazacada eski dillerde olan arkaik özellikler kalmış ve korunmuştur. Çalışmada ergativite geçişli ve geçişsiz fiil çekimlerine bağlı olarak açıklanacaktır. Bu çalışmada standart Zazaca kullanılmıştır. Çünkü bazı ağızlarda ergativite ortadan kalkmaktadır.
Argumentum Ad Hominem Mantık Yanılgısı
Authors: DURHAN Gülümser
Published: April 2021

Ad hominem argümanları, politik tartışmalarda, hukuki münakaşalarda ve günlük konuşmalarda oldukça yaygın bir şekilde yer almaktadır. Bunun bir mantık yanılgısı olarak ele alınmasının nedeni ise, bir kişinin ileri sürdüğü argümanın, açık bir şekilde, karşı tarafın karakteri, içinde bulunduğu koşulları, durumu veya davranışlarıyla çoğu kez alakasız olmasıdır. Öyle ki bir ad hominem argümanı, bir kişinin belirli bir işlevi yerine getirmesindeki güvenilirliği hakkında, söz konusu kişiyle ilgili bazı niteliklere dayanarak bir saldırıda bulunan argümandır. Bu tanıma dayanarak, amacımız, ad hominem argümanlarının yanlış olan bazı türleri üzerinden genel bir tanımlamasını yapmak ve bu çeşitli yanlışlık türlerini, günlük yaşamdan örneklerle serimlemektir. Ayrıca bu çalışma, bu yanılgıların her zaman yanıltıcı olup olmadığı sorusuna cevap bulmak ve gerçekten bunların mantık yanılgısı mı olduğu sorununa çözüm arayışıdır.
İmparatorluktan Ulus Devlete Kimlik Arayışında İlk Durak: Namık Kemal
Authors: OZKUL Murat
Published: April 2021

19. Yüzyıl’dan 20. Yüzyıl’a geçiş her açıdan ayakta kalan imparatorluklar açısından acılı ve zorlu süreçleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Namık Kemal, zorlu süreci Osmanlı’nın en az hasarı alarak atlatabilmesi için devreye girmiş az sayıdaki organik münevverlerden birisidir. Tartıştığı konular; anayasa, devletin niteliği, vatan, Osmanlı milliyetçiliği, hürriyet, biat kültürü, meşveret vb. Namık Kemal’in piyes, gazete yazıları ve edebiyat ürünleri üzerinden yapmaya çalıştıkları kendinden sonra gelen nesiller tarafından da benimsenmiş ve İkinci Meşrutiyet ve Yeni Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devletinin kuruluş felsefesi üzerinde önemli doğrudan ve dolaylı etkileri olmuştur.
Açık Liderliğin Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonu Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: KORKMAZER Fuat
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmada açık liderlik algısının çalışanların kamu hizmeti motivasyonu düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Veri toplamada Açık Liderlik Ölçeği ve Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonu Ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan 229 sağlık çalışanına uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde SPSS istatistik programından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda açık liderlik ile kamu hizmeti motivasyonu arasında orta düzeyde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca açık liderliğin çalışanların kamu hizmeti motivasyonu düzeyleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Impact of Perceived Organizational Democracy on the Quality of Work Life: An Investigation in the Banking Sector
Authors: GEÇKİL Tahsin , ŞENDOĞDU A. Aslan
Published: April 2021

This study’s purpose is to investigate the effect of perceived organizational democracy of bank employees on work-related life quality. The sample consisted of 397 banking employees. The data were collected by the Organizational Democracy Scale (ODS), and Work-Related Quality of Life Scale (WRQoL). It found that the WRQoL (mean: 3.33 ± .79) and ODS scores (mean: 3.24 ± .74) of the participants were slightly above the middle level. Regression analysis shows that the subscales of organizational democracy, participation-criticism, transparency, and justice significantly affect the WRQoL (adjusted R2: .67). The results of the study revealed that the organizational democracy perceptions of bank employees significantly affect the Quality of work-life (QWL), and it can be improved by promoting democracy in organizations.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuğa Sahip Ailelerin Tatil Deneyimleri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: ATALAY Refika , ÇINAR Kevser
Published: April 2021

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) teşhisi konulmuş çocukların aileleri hem tatilde hem de seyahat esnasında çeşitli zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, otizm spektrum bozukluğuna sahip çocukları olan ailelerin tatil deneyimlerini belirlemek, tatilde yaşadıkları sorunları tespit etmek ve buna uygun pazarlama stratejileri geliştirmek adına ilgili paydaşlara öneriler sunmaktır. Araştırmada yarı yapılandırılmış odak grup görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Mülakat soruları içeren bir görüşme formu oluşturulmuş ve Konya’da yaşayan OSB’li çocuk sahibi 17 aile ile mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, OSB tanısı olan çocuklara sahip ailelerin tatilleri esnasında karşılaştığı en önemli sorunların; konaklama işletmelerinin sunduğu hizmetlerin bu tür aileler için erişilebilir olmadığını, otel personelinin ve diğer ailelerin konu ile ilgili yeterli farkındalığa sahip olmadığını, bundan kaynaklı çalışanların etkili ilişkiler kurmada sorunlar yaşadığını ve seyahat esnasında yaşanılan sorunların ailelerin tatil deneyimlerini olumsuz etkilediğini göstermiştir. Bu durum, OSB teşhisi konulmuş çocukların ve ailelerin topluma kazandırılmasının, toplumun otizm hakkındaki farkındalığının artırılmasının, daha erişilebilir tatil seçenekleri ve hizmetlerinin sunulmasının gerekliliğine dikkat çekmektedir.
Pedagogical Implications on Error Analysis in the High school
Authors: Guo Ruiming
Published: April 2021

In senior high school English teaching, students make various errors in the process of learning English, and these errors are a way for learners to test their assumptions about the nature of the language they have learnt. Therefore, by analyzing students’ errors through error analysis, we can get feedback, effectively understand students’ learning condition, check the teaching effect, effectively improve the teaching method, and then reduce or avoid students making mistakes in English, so as to effectively improve the English writing level of Chinese high school students.
The Content Validity on Reading Comprehensions of National Versions of National Matriculation English Test in 2020 — Based on Bachman and Palmer Test Task Characteristics Theory
Authors: Li Miao
Published: April 2021

Bachman and Palmer constructed a framework based on their test task characteristics theory, and designed five parts in the framework, which furnished the validity testing research with theoretical support. Based on their framework, this paper’s research objects are the national versions of National Matriculation English Test (NMET) in 2020, as well as it tests the content validity of expected answers and text input of reading comprehension in the national versions I, II, and III. The results show that the overall quality of reading comprehension of these three papers is high, which meets the requirements of the curriculum standards and examination syllabus. However, there are shortcomings in the length, difficulty, text types and reading skills evaluation. Therefore, the article length distribution should be more reasonable, the article difficulty should be more moderate, the text types should be more diversified, and the assessment of reading skills should be more comprehensive and balanced in the future, so as to further improve and perfect the content validity of the reading comprehension of NMET.
Presence of Human G Rotavirus Genotypes Amongst Bovine Calves and its Combination with P Genotypes
Authors: Gupta Vandana , Nayak Anju , Swamy Madhu , Singh R.V. , Gupta Vishnu , Rai Ajay , Gupta Preeti , Pandey Megha
Published: April 2021

Background: Bovine Rotavirus is one of the most important viral etiological agent responsible for causing neonatal diarrhea incurring severe economic loss to farmers. The presence of large genome size, segmented nature and absence of proof reading activity of RNA polymerase leads to frequent reassortment and thus emergence of new G and P types with ability of interspecies transmission. Methods: During an epidemiological study (July 2016 to July 2019) 200 diarrheic fecal samples were screened for Bovine Rotavirus A using ELISA and RNA-PAGE. Further, twenty two positive samples for RVA were subjected to molecular detection for VP6, VP4 and VP7 genes. Result: Ten (20/200) and 11(22/200) percent diarrheic fecal samples were found positive using ELISA and RNA-PAGE respectively. Twenty samples found positive in ELISA were also found positive in RNA-PAGE. Amongst which 22 (100%) samples were found positive for VP6, while 15 (68.18%) samples showed amplification for VP4 and VP7 gene. All Rotavirus A positive samples were genotyped by multiplex RT-PCR assay. G1G3 was found to be most predominant (53.33%) followed by G3 (26.66%), while one sample each showed the presence of G1G5 and G3G8 (6.66%). Ten samples showed mixed genotype (66.66%). One sample was non typeable (6.66%). Among the P types, P[11] was the most predominant (73.33%), while one sample each showed the presence of P[5] and P[5]P[11] (6.66%) and 02 samples were non typeable (13.33%). The G and P genotype combination determined in 12 samples were as follows; G3P [11] found in two samples (16.66%), G3P[5] in 01(08.33%), G1G5P[11] in 01(08.33%), G1G3P[11] in 07 (58.33%), while 01 (08.33%) sample had mixed genotype G1G3P[5]P[11] combination.
Revelation of Epistasis through Triple Test Cross (TTC) Analysis in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Ivin J. Johnny Subakar , Anbuselvam Y. , Sivakumar Maddi , Surendhar M. , Keerthana S.
Published: April 2021

Background: An investigation was performed to identify epistasis, additive, dominance components of genetic variation and yield and yield variability attributing characteristics by triple test cross testing involving three testers (P1, P2 and F1) and ten rice lines. Methods: The study materials consisted of F1 seeds of three crosses, involving six parents namely, ASD16, ADT47, ASD18, CO51, TKM9 and MTU 7029. They are evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were reported for seven traits, namely plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle, weight of 1000 grains and yield of grain per plant on five randomly selected plants per replication. Result: The segregating population of three crosses exhibited wide range of variability for most of the traits. The difference between GCV and PCV was low for most of the characters indicated less influence of environment. Among the three crosses ASD18 x CO15 recorded high percent of heritability and genetic advance for grain yield per plant. The estimate of total epistasis revealed that i type of epistasis (additive x additive) was highly significant for number of tillers per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length and 1000 grain weight. The effect of the additive (D) variance was very important for all the traits except the number of grains per panicle. Across all traits, the degree of dominance (H / D)1/2 was less than unity ( less than 1) suggesting, partial of dominance. Since, the pre dominance component of epistasis in autogamous crop is additive x additive (i type), it was suggested that the selection may be post ponded to later generation until all the non-additive components of variance has been mitigated to additive components.
Immediate Fixation Versus Late Osteotomy for an Unusual Scapula Body Fracture
Authors: McClelland Damian , Mishra Bhanu , Grocott Natalie
Published: April 2021

Case:

We present 2 unusual scapula fractures that do not meet published thresholds for surgical intervention; 1 initially managed surgically with a good functional result and 1 conservatively with a poor outcome. The second patient subsequently underwent osteotomy and fixation with good effect.

Conclusion:

Despite not reaching published levels of displacement or angulation usually considered for surgical intervention, these cases demonstrate that combined patterns of scapula injury can cause functional disability if managed conservatively. The authors believe that combination patterns of injury should be considered for early surgery to avoid loss of function caused by healing of the fracture(s) in malposition.
Group O blood donors in Iran: evaluation of isoagglutinin titers and immunoglobulin G subclasses
Authors: Arabi S. , Moghaddam M. , Pourfathollah A.A. , Aghaie A. , Mosaed M.
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the most frequent titers of anti-A and anti-B (both presumed immunoglobulin [Ig]M and IgG) in Iranian group O blood donors and to compare these titer values with those found in other studies. In addition, alloantibody production and plasma levels of four IgG subclasses were compared between the high-titer and non–high-titer study groups. This study investigated anti-A and anti-B titers in 358 plasma samples. Based on these results, two study groups (high-titer and non–high-titer) were formed. Antibody detection tests were performed to detect unexpected antibodies to D, C, c, E, e, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, M, N, S, s, P1, Lea, and Leb. Four IgG subclasses were also evaluated through nephelometry assay. The most frequent titer obtained by room temperature and indirect antiglobulin tube tests was 256. The frequency of titers ≥512 was 31.5 percent. None of the cases showed unexpected RBC alloantibodies. IgG2 levels were significantly higher in the high-titer group. Evaluation of isoagglutinin titers in group O Iranian blood donors can provide insight into the frequency of isoagglutinin titers both within the Iranian population and as compared with other populations. A significant difference in IgG2 levels between the high-titer and non–high-titer groups was identified. More investigation needs to be conducted on the root cause of this finding.
Immunohematology 2021;37:5–12
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Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by anti-Yta
Authors: Raos M. , Thornton N. , Lukic M. , Golubic Cepulic B.
Published: April 2021

Many patients with anti-Yta receive multiple transfusions of Yt(a+) red blood cells (RBCs) with no ill effects. However, anti-Yta has been implicated in hemolytic transfusion reactions. Antibody identification typically determines specificity of antibodies and their clinical significance to justify blood requirements for antigen-negative blood when clinically significant antibodies are involved. Occasionally, specificity of antibody is of variable significance. Variability in clinical significance is a characteristic of anti-Yta that may affect the clinical management of such patients. This case reports the outcome of an incompatible transfusion in an 83-year-old female patient with anti-Yta, -D, -C, -Leab, and -HI who was admitted to the hospital for a severe urinary tract hemorrhage and fever. The patient was transfused with 1 crossmatch-incompatible group A, Yt(a+), D–, C–, E–, S– RBC unit in an emergency medical event. During that time, the patient exhibited chills, shivering, and tachycardia. Decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit were noted. Laboratory parameters for hemolysis, such as total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase, were increased. Based on clinical and laboratory evaluation, it was concluded that the patient had an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by anti-Yta. The patient was successfully treated with antipyretics, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Urinary tract hemorrhaging was stopped. Anemia was additionally improved with parenteral iron supplementation, and further transfusion was not required.
Immunohematology 2021;37:13–17.
Comparative evaluation of the conventional tube test and column agglutination technology for ABO antibody titration in healthy individuals: a report from India
Authors: Datta S.S. , Basu S. , Reddy M. , Gupta K. , Sinha S.
Published: April 2021

Determination of accurate anti-A/-B titers is important for treatment selection in ABO-incompatible stem cell and solid-organ transplants. The standard method for ABO antibody titration is the conventional tube test (CTT). Dithiothreitol (DTT) is commonly used to inactivate the IgM antibody component. The aim of this study was to compare six different methods for ABO antibody titration and to observe the effectiveness of DTT on antibody estimation. A total of 90 healthy voluntary blood donors were enrolled in this study, including 30 each for blood groups A, B, and O. Antibody titrations were performed and tested using the CTT-immediate spin (IS), CTT-antihuman globulin (AHG) with and without DTT, column agglutination technology (CAT)-IS, and CAT-AHG with and without DTT methods. Bead-CAT was used, and the positive cutoff value was set to 1+ for each method to determine the endpoint of the titer. The median values of anti-A/-B titers by IS were found to be higher than those values by AHG in CTT and CAT among group B and A individuals, whereas no statistically significant differences were observed in values from group O individuals for IS and AHG anti-A/-B titers, estimated by each method. Although there was positive correlation between the anti-A/-B titer results obtained using the CTT and CAT in all blood groups, testing using AHG showed poor agreement with and without DTT pretreatment (kappa value of 0.11 and 0.20, respectively). Moderate agreement was observed between CTT-IS and CAT-IS (kappa value of 0.46). Median anti-A/-B AHG titers were reduced by the use of DTT in all blood group samples. Significant differences in the interpretability of anti-A/-B titers were observed among different methods. A uniform approach for selecting the method for ABO antibody titration is highly recommended, and DTT pretreatment of plasma to neutralize IgM activity should be considered to obtain precise values of IgG anti-A/-B titers.
Immunohematology 2021;37:25–32
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Antibacterial Activity of Lime Peel and Lemongrass Extract as Active Ingredients for Spray Hand Sanitizer
Authors: Djima Elza Gitaa Eirene , Prasetyaningsih Aniek , Madyaningrana Kukuh
Published: April 2021

Hand sanitizers are widely used as an alternative way to maintain hand hygiene from the presence of pathogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. In general, excessive use of alcohol as the main ingredient in hand sanitizers might cause skin irritation. Utilizing antibacterial activity of plants as a component in hand sanitizer could be used as a substitution for alcohol. The aim of this study was to determine the potential antibacterial activity of lime peel and lemongrass extracts as active ingredients for hand sanitizer. Method used in this research included extraction using maceration, qualitative phytochemical test, antibacterial assay, and formulation of spray hand sanitizer and quality test of spray hand sanitizer. In this study alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin and terpenoid were found as phytochemical content of lime peel, while lemongrass extract contain fla vonoid, tanin, saponin and steroid. Compared to lemongrass extract, lime peel extract with concentration 40%showed the optimum inhibition zone of S. aureus and chosen as active ingredient in spray hand sanitizer formulation. Formulated spray hand sanitizer with lime peel extract was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria on hand palm.
A MECHANISM FOR DETECTING PARTIAL INFERENCES IN DATA WAREHOUSES
Authors:   Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique et Telecommunication (LARIT), Institut National Polytechnique Felix HouphouÃƒÂ«t-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Grace Yenin Edwige Johnson , Joel Adepo ,   Universite Virtuelle de Cote dIvoire, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Souleymane Oumtanaga ,   Ecole Superieur Africaine des Technologies de lInformation et de la Communication (ESATIC), Abidjan, Cote dIvoire
Published: April 2021

Data warehouses are widely used in the fields of Big Data and Business Intelligence for statistics on business activity. Their use through multidimensional queries allows to have aggregated results of the data. The confidential nature of certain data leads malicious people to use means of deduction of this information. Among these means are data inference methods. To solve these security problems, the researchers have proposed several solutions based on the architecture of the warehouses, the design phase, the cuboids of a data cube and the materialized views of multidimensional queries. In this work, we propose a mechanism for detecting inference in data warehouses. The objective of this approach is to highlight partial inferences during the execution of a multidimensional OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) SUM-type multidimensional query. The goal is to prevent a data warehouse user from inferring sensitive information for which he or she has no access rights according to the access control policy in force. Our study improves the model proposed by a previous study carried out by Triki, which proposes an approach based on average deviations. The aim is to propose an optimal threshold to better detect inferences. The results we obtain are better compared to the previous study.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY (3HT - CO - TH) - PMMA POLYMER BLEND FILMS
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq., Al - Deen Hussein Ali Al -Saidi Imad , Falih Hussein Hussein ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq., Sleem Hashim Numan ,   Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq.
Published: April 2021

Poly(3 - Hexylthiophene - Co - Thiophene) copolymer was preparedby applying the additionpolymerization method.Then, the copolymer was added to the poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) polymer to produce the poly(3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA polymer blend. In order to characterize the optical properties of the prepared polymer blend, poly (3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA polymer blend films were prepared at different percentage weight ratios of the copolymerusing the casting method.The surface structure of the prepared copolymer wasanalyzed by using the Fouriertransform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopyas well as the atomic force microscopy (AFM)technique.The optical absorbance (A) and the transmittance (T) spectra of the prepared films were measured by using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer in the wavelengthrange300 nm - 800 nm. These optical spectra were used to determine the main optical parameters of the polymer blend films. Resultsindicated that the prepared poly(3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA polymer blend films can be promising candidates for photonic and optoelectronic applications.
Extremist Propaganda and the 'Politics of the Internet'
Authors: Richards Julian
Published: April 2021

On November 25th, 2020, Professor Julian Richards presented Extremist Propaganda and the ‘Politics of the Internet’ at the 2020 CASIS West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question and answer period with other speakers. The key points of discussion focused on the effectiveness of internet use by extremist groups to expand their networks and spread disinformation.
PENGARUH PAJAK, RETRIBUSI DAN LAIN-LAIN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH YANG SAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Varlitya Cut Risya
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi pajak (PD), retribusi daerah (RD), dan lain-lain PAD yang sah (LPADS) terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan pengaruh PD, RD, dan LPADS terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (Produk Domestik Regional Bruto) di Kota Banda Aceh. Hipotesis diuji dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan metode kuantitatif serta model fungsi regresi linier berganda yang telah dimodifikasi atau dikembangkan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa data runtun waktu (time series) dari periode 1998 sampai dengan tahun 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kontribusi PD mendominasi penerimaan PAD selama periode 1998 sampai dengan 2015 dimana kontribusi rata-ratanya pertahun adalah sebesar 49,47 persen, RD sebesar 25,50 persen, dan kontribusi terkecil ada pada LPADS sebesar18,33 persen. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan koefisien regresi RD dan LPADS bertanda positif artinya setiap kenaikan 1 persen RD dan LPADS mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi naik lebih cepat sebesar 2,29 dan 3,71 persen, sedangkan koefisien PD bertanda negatif berarti bahwa setiap peningkatan PD maka akan menyebabkan penurunan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 2,27 persen. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan dan tidak signifikan secara parsial antara variabel PD dan RD terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun variabel LPADS berpengaruh secara signifikan baik simultan maupun parsial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kota Banda Aceh.
UNDANG-UNDANG PEMERINTAH ACEH DAN PENANAMAN MODAL DI PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Insa ansari Muhammad
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Aceh (UUPA) lahir dalam rangka mengakhiri konflik antara Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (RI) dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM). Dalam kaitannya dengan perekonomian, UUPA mengatur hal yang berkaitan dengan penanaman modal. Dimana dalam UUPA mengatur kewenangan Pemerintah Aceh dan Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Aceh dalam halnya penanaman modal. Artikel ini secara normatif mengkaji dan menelaah perkembangan penanaman modal dalam kurun waktu empat tahun sebelum berlakunya UUPA dan empat tahun setelah berlakunya UUPA. Kajian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Dalam penelitian hukum normatif ini digunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan kajian menunjukkan: pertama, bahwa penanaman modal asing maupun penanaman modal dalam negeri pada masa empat tahun sebelum berlakunya UUPA masih belum berkembang dengan baik; kedua, bahwa penanaman modal asing maupun penanaman modal dalam negeri pada masa empat tahun setelah berlakunya UUPA telah menunjukkan perkembangan meskipun belum signifikan. Untuk itu disarankan kepada Pemerintah Aceh untuk melakukan upaya-upaya lain untuk mendorong pertumbuhan penanaman modal di Provinsi Aceh. Kata Kunci: UUPA, Penananaman Modal Asing, Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri.
The Effect of Family Counseling on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Levels in Mothers of Disabled Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sari Tarik , Isık Memet , KAYA Abdulkadir , Gamsizkan Zerrin , Sari Elif
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of family
counseling on anxiety, depression, and stress levels in mothers with
disabled children. Method: The research was conducted on the mothers of
80 randomly selected kids out of 200 disabled children studying at a
Private Education and Rehabilitation Center. Six family counseling
sessions were provided to the mothers in the study groups as eight
participants per group. The primary outcomes of the study were changes
in Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores of the mothers at the beginning of
the study; right after the counseling was finished, and three months
later. The mean PSS, BDI, and BAI scores in the second tests performed
right after the six counseling sessions were significantly lower than
the average scores in the first tests (p<0.001,
p<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively). There was no
significant difference between the 1st and 2nd PSS, BDI, and BAI mean
scores of the mothers in the control group (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Mothers of disabled children were exposed to anxiety,
depression, and stress more than other society members. Thus, they need
more psychological support. Family counseling can meet disabled
children’s mothers’ support needs. The counseling program we applied had
positive effects on mothers’ anxiety, depression, and stress scores. By
expanding this counseling service in primary health care services,
mothers with disabled children can cope more easily with their
psychological burden.
Flexible distillation test rig on a laboratory scale for characterization of additively manufactured packings
Authors: Neukäufer Johannes , Sarajlic Nadin , Klein Harald , Rehfeldt Sebastian , Hallmann Heiko , Knösche Carsten , Grützner Thomas
Published: April 2021

Additive manufacturing is increasingly being used to develop innovative
packings for absorption and desorption columns. Since distillation has
not been in focus so far, this paper aims to fill this gap. The
objective is to obtain a miniaturized 3D printed packed column with
optimized properties in terms of scalability and reproducibility, which
increases process development efficiency. For this purpose, a flexible
laboratory scale test rig is presented combining standard laboratory
equipment with 3D printed components such as innovative multifunctional
trays or the column wall with packing. The test rig offers a
particularly wide operating range (F=0.15
Pa…1.0 Pa) for column
diameters between 20 mm and 50 mm. First results regarding the time to
reach steady-state, operational stability and separation efficiency
measurements are presented using a 3D printable version of the Rombopak
9M. Currently, innovative packings are being characterized, which should
exhibit a optimized bevavior regarding scalability, reproducibility and
separation efficiency.
A Numerical Method for Electrical Potential on Membranes with Fixed Charge
Authors: Sun Yuting , Song Lianfa
Published: April 2021

The potential developed on a membrane with fixed charge plays crucial
roles in many biological and engineering systems. The classic
Teorell-Meyer-Siever (TMS) theory gives an analytical expression of the
membrane potential only for limited cases of simple solutions. A
numerical method that can be applied to the general cases was developed
in this study. With a boundary updating scheme, a numerical solution to
the Nernst-Planck-Poisson equations was obtained rigorously without the
commonly used simplifications and assumptions in previous studies. The
features of the membrane potentials with different fixed charges were
investigated with this numerical method under various conditions. The
validity of this numerical method was verified by identical values of
Donnan potential obtained with well-established analytical methods. The
suitability and applicability of analytical TMS model were assessed by
comparison to the numerical method.
Localized Aortic Dissection in a Patient with Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Alkuraydis Sarah A. , Allihimy Abdulaziz S. , Smettei Osama , Abazid Rami M
Published: April 2021

Aortic dissection (AD) is the most frequent life-threatening aortic disorder. It is commonly associated with hypertension; however, aortic dissection occasionally represents a complication of more complex syndromes. In this article we aim to report. A 40-year-old male patient, with a known case of ADPKD and a strong family history of ADPKD. He presented to the emergency department with prolonged sharp retrosternal chest pain radiating to the back and uncontrolled hypertension. Computed tomography angiography showed a localized dissection flap at the aortic root and multiple cysts in the right kidney. AD is a life-threatening condition and should be suspected in patients presenting with acute chest pain with history of ADPKD.
Una equivocada primera novela lombrosiana: el asesino nato y el asesino por herencia en «Crimen Legal» (1886) de Alejandro Sawa
Authors: Docampo Jorge Daniel
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo rebate el enfoque aceptado por la crítica para definir la figura de Ricardo, protagonista de Crimen legal (1886) de Alejandro Sawa. Este ha sido visto como el primer caso de novelización del delincuente natopropugnado por la Antropología Criminal italiana, comandada por Cesare Lombroso, a la luz de su comportamiento, de algunas características fisonómicas y de la herencia familiar.
«Materia oscura», de Augusto Rodríguez
Authors: Abril Juan Carlos
Published: April 2021

Reseña del libro Materia oscura (Valencia, Pre-Textos, 2019), de Augusto Rodríguez.
Identificación de parámetros en tiempo real de un motor de CD de imanes permanentes sin escobillas
Authors:   , Jiménez-González José
Published: April 2021

This thesis addresses the problem of identifying the dynamic model parameters of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor: stator resistance and inductance, back-emf force, damping coefficient and moment of inertia. The parameter identification is done through real-time measurements of the electrical and mechanical variables of a 6000 rpm, motor, and through the analysis of transient and steady-state responses in different operation regimes. Standard tests, such as no-load with the machine operating as a motor or a generator, blocked rotor and resistance measurements were adapted to fit the operation characteristics of this kind of motors. Startup and open-loop schemes were proposed, as well as an algorithm for running with only two position sensors. The recursive least-squares algorithm with forgetting factor was used to identify the damping coefficient and moment of inertia of the first order approximation of the motor. The results are validated against manufacturer provided information and by comparing the experimental and simulation results using the state space model in open and closed-loop operation.
Supply chain management in SMEs: evidence from Poland and Kazakhstan
Authors: Kot Sebastian , Onyusheva Irina , Grondys Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

The research aimed to assess Supply Chain Management (SCM) in small and medium enterprises in Kazakhstan and Poland, and, more specifically, identify similarities and differences in the approach to the SCM concept in selected countries. The research methodology was based on ANOVA analysis comparing samples of contemporary SMEs operating in Poland and Kazakhstan. Primary data was collected using the CAWI quantitative method and then studied using the ANOVA statistical data analysis method. The research results demonstrated similar involvement in the implementation of the concept with significant differences in some areas, such as cost reduction and focus on end customers. The concept of Supply Chain Management is a very common subject of theoretical and practical analysis. Even though research efforts in this area indicate the positive effects of the implemented concept, most of them concern large organisations. The research results showed similar involvement in the implementation of the concept, although significant differences were found in selected areas, such as cost reduction and focus on end customers.
Effects of Different Inertial Load Settings on Power Output Using a Flywheel Leg Curl Exercise and its Inter-Session Reliability
Authors: Piqueras-Sanchiz Francisco , Sabido Rafael , Raya-González Javier , Madruga-Parera Marc , Romero-Rodríguez Daniel , Beato Marco , Hoyo Moisés de , Nakamura Fabio Yuzo , Hernández-Davó Jose Luis
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the inertial load on both concentric and eccentric power output production during the flywheel leg curl exercise, and to assess the reliability of power output variables. Sixteen participants (8 males, 8 females) attended 4 testing sessions. During testing, participants performed one set of eight repetitions using a specific inertial load (0.083, 0.132, 0.182, 0.266 and 0.350 kg·m2) with a flywheel leg curl exercise. Concentric (CON) power, eccentric (ECC) power and the ECC/CON ratio were analyzed. The reliability analysis between sessions was performed. A significant interaction of inertia load x gender was found in CON power (p < 0.001) and in ECC power (p = 0.004), but not in the ECC/CON ratio (p = 0.731). A significant with-in (inertia loads) effect was found in CON power (p < 0.001) and in ECC power (p < 0.001), but not in the ECC/CON ratio (p = 0.096). CON power showed very high reliability scores, ECC power showed high to very high reliability scores, while the ECC/CON ratio ranged from poor to moderate. A significant between gender effect was found in CON power (p < 0.001) and in ECC power (p < 0.001), but not in the ECC/CON ratio (p = 0.752). This study is the first to report that power output in the flywheel leg curl exercise is altered by the inertia load used, as well as power output is different according to gender. CON and ECC power output presents high to very high reliability scores, and the ECC/CON ratio should not be used instead. These results can have important practical implications for testing and training prescription in sports.
Kinematic Stride Characteristics of Maximal Sprint Running of Elite Sprinters – Verification of the “Swing-Pull Technique”
Authors: Mattes Klaus , Wolff Stefanie , Alizadeh Shahab
Published: April 2021

Maximum sprinting speed constitutes an optimum relation between the stride length and the step rate in addition to an appropriate sprinting technique. The kinematics of the sprint step at maximum sprinting speed have already been examined in numerous studies, without reaching a consensus. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between maximum sprinting speed and the stride kinematics based on the “Swing-Pull Technique”. German elite sprinters (N = 26, body height = 182 ± 6 cm, leg length 93.8 ± 4.1 cm) were tested while performing a 30-meter flying sprint at maximum sprinting speed. The relationship between sprinting speed and kinematic variables was determined via Pearson correlation. Sprinting speed (10.1 – 11.3 m/s) correlated with stride length (r = 0.53), ground contact time (r = -0.53) and variables from the technique model: the knee angle at the end of the knee lift swing (r = 0.40), the maximum knee angle prior to backswing (r = 0.40), the hip extension angle velocity (r = 0.63), and vertical foot velocity (r = 0.77) during pre-support, the ankle angle at the take-on (r = -0.43), knee flexion (r = -0.54), and knee extension (r = -0.47) during support. The results indicate that greater stride length, smaller contact time, and the mentioned kinematic step characteristics are relevant for the production of maximum sprinting speed in athletes at an intermediate to advanced performance level. The association of sprinting speed and these features should primarily be taken into account in conditioning and technical training.