bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENAFSIRAN IBNU KATS|IR DAN AL-ZAMAKHSYARI< TENTANG KEWAFATAN DAN KEBANGKITAN NABI I<SA DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Fadhil Muhamamad
Published: May 2023

Kisah nabi I<sa As yang tergolong lengkap dalam al-Qur’an. Terlebih perihalkedatangannya ke dunia pada akhir zaman. Sebagian berpendapat bahwa kematian pada nabi I<sa As adalah kematian pada umumnya, sebagian lain berpendapat bahwa jasad dan ruhnya di angkat oleh Allah SWT. Begitu pula perihal kedatanngannya nanti menjelang akhir zaman, sebagian berpendapat akan muncul sebagai pertanda akan terjadinya kiamat, namun sebagian yang lainnya menyatakan bahwa bukan merupakan kepastian bahwa dia akan muncul kembali. Penilitian ini juga melihat berbagai pandangan terkait dua hal tersebut dengan argumennya masing-masing. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dalam penilitian ini adalah kitab Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Az}im dan al-Kassyaf Denganmetode analisis data deskriptif-analisis dengan pendekatan historis.Melalui metode tersebut untuk menjawab permasalahan terkait tentangkewafatan dan kedatangannya pada akhir zaman nanti, dan adapun hasil daripenilitian ini adalah diantaranya adalah Ibnu Kas\ir dan al-Zamakhsyari> memaknai kata tawaffa dengan konteks kewafatan dalam tidur. Dengan artian bahwa belum di wafatkan seperti halnya manusia pada umumnya, melainkan di tangguhkan hingga nanti pada akhir zaman di turunkan kembali, Kemudian nanti di wafatkan di bumi.
KONSEP INTERAKSI SOSIAL DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Fajar Al
Published: May 2023

Konsep interaksi sosial yang terdapat di dalam al-Qur’an mempunyai banyak karakter dan macam-macamnya, setiap ayat yang berbicara tentang interaksi memiliki makna-makna yang bisa dibilang berbeda, namun jika diteliti dengan seksama itu semua adalah satu pemahaman. Seperti yang terdapat pada surah al-Mumtahanah ayat 8 bahwasannya interaksi sosial itu adalah proses timbal balik yang dilakukan oleh seluruh belahan manusia dengan tidak membeda-bedakan antara ras, suku, ideologi, negara bahkan agama. Dan Allah SWT tidak melarang atau bahkan menganjurkan untuk berinteraksi kepada siapapun.  Dalam artian berintraksi kepada orang-orang yang tidak memerangi kalian. Dan Allah SWT juga menganjurkan untuk berbuat adil dengan mereka semuanya. Berbuat adil dalam masalah interaksi itu tidak ada batasannya, baik kepada sesama agama maupun lintas agama. Dengan syarat interaksi sosial yang terjalin itu tidak melanggar syari’at dan hukum-hukum Allah SWT.Interaksi sosial adalah suatu hubungan timbal balik yang dilakukan oleh sekelompok masyarakat. Baik antara individu dengan individu, individu dengan kelompok maupun kelompok dengan kelompok, yang mana tidak saling membedakan atara satu dengan yang lain, baik dari aspek sosial, kasta, posisi, suku, ekonomi bahkan agama.
INTERPRETASI MAQAMAT AL-AULYA PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Cholik Adib Minanul , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul “Interpretasi Maqâmât al-auliyâ perspektif al-Qur’an”. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penemuan beberapa ayat-ayat alQur’an tentang kedudukan wali-wali Allah di sisi tuhannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kualitas kedekatan hamba kepada penciptanya dan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang kedudukan wali-wali Allah yang sebenarnya. Maqâmât auliyâ sangatlah penting dikaji dalam rangka merespon anggapan masyarakat tentang kedudukan wali yang tidak sesuai dengan ajaran-ajaran nabi Muhammada SAW. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian pustaka. Sumber data berupa sumber-sumber tertulis berupa kitab, buku, artikel, jural dan umber-sumber otoritatif liannya yang relevan dengan tema. tehnik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi, yakni mengumpulkan data mulai berbagai buku dan literatur yang relevan dengan tema. Sementara analisa data mengguanakan metode content analisis (analisis isi), yaitu melakukan analisa terhadap Ayat-ayat yang maqâm auliyâ atau kedudukan wali-wali Allah dalam al-Qur’an, kemudian dijabarkan dengan rinci. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa maqâm auliyâ adalah maqâm yang tinggi di sisi tuhannya. dan untuk mencapainya harus dengan aturanaturan atau ajara-ajaran yang dibawa dan dicontohkan oleh nabi Muhammad SAW.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MAKNA JAHILIYAH PERSPEKTIF SAYYID QUTUB DALAM KITAB FI ZILAL AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Shidqi M Yusron , Fauzi Moh Zainuri
Published: May 2023

Bermula dari pernyataan Sayyid Qutub yang mengatakan bahwa jahiliyah bukanlah kebalikan dari apa yang dinamakan ilmu pengetetahuan (‘ilm), akan tetapi Jahiliyah  yang dimaksud dalam Al-Qur’an adalah keadaan spritual yang menolak uluhiyyah Allah dan suatu aturan atau sistem yang bertolak belakang dengan hukum Allah. Boleh dikatakan bahwa Jahiliyah itu adalah kebalikan dari Islam dan bertentangan dengan Islam. Dan juga kejahiliyahan itu tidak hanya terbatas dalam waktu tertentu saja, akan tetapi Jahiliyah adalah suatu tatanan, suatu aturan, suatu sistem yang dapat dijumpai kemarin, hari ini, bahkan hari esok. Tentu pendapat ini mengejutkan mengingat hampir suluruh umat muslim mengakui bahwa jahiliyah adalah suatu masa sebelum datangnya Islam. Dengan demikan, maka penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengkaji metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat-ayat jahiliyah sehingga menghasilkan pemaknaan yang demikian itu. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif dengan model study kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode dokumentasi. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dalam penelitian ini adalah kitab Tafsir fi Zilal al-Qur’an dan juga literatur-literatur kepustakaan yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Dengan metode analisis data deskriptif-analisis diharapkan akan dapat mengetahui metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat.Melalui metode yang telah dipaparkan di atas menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan bahwa Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat al-Qur’an secara kontekstual. Adapun metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat secara kontekstual adalah metode doubel-movent dengan pendekatan sosio-historis, sehingga menghasilkan sebuah makna kontekstual terhadap jahiliyah. Diantara makna-maknanya adalah; perilaku-perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Allah, sebuah ideologi tanpa disertai argumentasi yang ilmiah, dan kesombongan serta fanatisme kesukuan.
AKIBAT KEPAILITAN TERHADAP PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI
Authors: SUHADI ENDI
Published: May 2023

Dalam penelitian ini menunjukan akibat kepailitan pada perusahaan asuransi, baik akibat dalam  bentuk material kepada nasabah yang dirugikan maupun dalam bentuk instabilitas keuangan nasional. Dengan adanya perusahaan asuransi dimaksudkan untuk meminimalisir risiko yang ditimbulkan terhadap pemegang polis, namun demikian kepailitan pada perusahaan asuransi dapat saja terjadi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan menguatkan pada data yang bersifat emperis, dianalisis dengan metode normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pertama, ketentuan kepailitan asuransi diajukan o;eh kementrian keuangan Republik Indonesia sebagai upaya preventif kerugian masyarakat para pemegang polis, kedua, akibat kepailitan perusahaan asuransi dapat terjadi dalam bentuk kerugian materil para pemegang polis yang harus diganti oleh perusahaan asuransi dan akibat hilangnya kepercayaan nasabah asuransi jika proses kepailitan tidak diselesaikan dengan baik.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK BERDASARKAN THE CORRELATIVE OF A DUTY
Authors: SHOHIB MOH
Published: May 2023

Perlindungan anak telah diterbitkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat di Indonesia, peran dunia internasional dalam mengawasi terpenuhinya hak anak berdasarkan Konvensi Hak Anak (Convention of The Right of a Child) turut memberikan efek yang positif bagi perkembangan perlindungan anak di Indonesia. Perlindungan hak anak berdasarkan the correlative of a duty menjadi penting, karena anak merupakan penerus kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, sehingganya, jika mereka telah matang pertumbuhan fisik maupun mental dan sosialnya, maka tibalah saatnya untuk mereka menggantikan generasi terdahulu. Oleh karena itu anak mempunyai potensi untuk berperan secara aktif menjaga kelestarian kehidupan bangsa yang luhur, yang dasar-dasarnya telah diletakkan generasi sebelumnya, guna mewujudkan tujuan pembentukan suatu perintah yang melindungi bangsanya.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM WARGA NEGARA TERHADAP TINDAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MEMBUAT KEPUTUSAN ADMINISTRASI NEGARA
Authors: DADANG DADANG
Published: May 2023

Perkembangan tugas-tugas negara pasca memasuki abad ke 20 menuntut negara semakin aktif dalam pergaulan di dalam masyarakat. Era ini merupakan babakan perkembangan negara yang menuntut negara hukum modern semakin mempunyai banyak kewajiban-kewajiban. Negara tidak hanya dibebani kewajiban sebagai penjaga kemanan dan ketertiban di masyarakat, namun negara juga dibebani berbagai macam kewajiban dalam rangka pencapaian masyarakat sejahtera. Tindakan atau perbuatan pemerintah semakin beragam, baik dalam rangka menjalankan undang-undang, membuat undang-undang, perencanaan, membuat keputusan, termasuk kewenangan bebas. Keputusan administrasi negara merupakan salah satu tindakan pemerintah dalam rangka menjalankan undang-undang. Tindakan ini merupakan tindakan hukum pemerintah dalam menjalankan fungsi publiknya. Memahami tindakan pemerintah dalam membuat keputusan administrasi negara merupakan hal penting untuk menjaga dan melindungi warga negara dari tindakan itu. Tindakan pemerintah melalui organ/pejabatnya ini terkait dengan akibat hukum yang ditimbulkannya terhadap warga negara.
Eficacia del entrenamiento de fuerza y resistencia en pacientes adultos con neoplasias hematológicas: Revisión Bibliográfica
Authors: Martínez Márquez Alicia , Muñoz Fernández María Jesús
Published: May 2023

Las hemopatías malignas ocupan el tercer puesto en la clasificación general del cáncer, por detrás de pulmón y mama. El tratamiento médico, se acompañan de la fisioterapia para paliar el efecto de los síntomas, mejorando la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El ejercicio físico terapéutico, mediante el entrenamiento de la fuerza y la resistencia, puede ser una opción para reducir estos efectos. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue revisar la literatura científica observando la evidencia y la eficacia de la fisioterapia activa en pacientes adultos con neoplasias hematológicas. Metodología. Se realizaron distintas búsquedas en las bases de datos científicas Pubmed y PEDro, abarcando los estudios publicados entre diciembre de 2021 hasta enero de 2016. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de 6 estudios aleatorizados controlados. Resultados: En cuanto a las variables medidas, la calidad de vida y los síntomas causados por el tratamiento médico, los resultados obtenidos no fueron homogéneos en su mayoría al igual que la duración de la intervención y la muestra reclutada para el estudio. Conclusión. Aunque se observan mejoras en las principales variables medidas, la literatura científica se encuentra aún limitada, por lo que es un campo de actuación abierto a futuras investigaciones.
Propuesta de intervención para sensibilizar a la población docente acerca del TEA “INTERCATEA CONMIGO”
Authors: González Cantalejo José Manuel , Flores Pachón Aurora
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo trata acerca de una propuesta de intervención centrada en el profesorado de Educación Infantil, cuyo fin es sensibilizar y profesionalizar a dichos consignatarios en materia sobre el Trastorno del Espectro Autista, a nivel de detección como de intervención. Con éste trabajo se pretende lograr una aproximación conceptual y emocional, que suscite el interés personal y profesional, de manera que se inicie una lenta pero fructífera lucha contra la eliminación de las barreras que impiden la inclusión educativa. Todo ello mediante una metodología mixta caracterizada por un modelo que combina lo teórico y lo práctico. La primera parte del trabajo se centra en una amplia fundamentación teórica sobre el TEA, donde se abordan contenidos referentes a la historia, señales de alerta, instrumentos de cribado, intervención, etc., para lograr asentar en el lec-tor nociones fundamentales sobre este trastorno. Ulteriormente, se encuentra una propuesta de intervención cuyo objetivo fundamental es sensibilizar a los docentes acerca del TEA, conformada por una serie de actividades que constituyen una simbiosis teórico-práctica que se centran en satisfacer los objetivos propuestos. En última instancia, se encuentran los anexos, que hacen alusión al material necesario y a las rúbricas de evaluación específicas de cada actividad.
Analysis of influence factors audit delay (Study at KAP in Surabaya and Malang)
Authors: Hendarmoko Novika
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out whether the factors of company size, auditor opinion on company financial statements, KAP size, length of time the company has been a KAP client, quality of assigned KAP auditor staff, level of company internal control and post-employment benefits (actuarial) have an effect on audit delay both jointly or partially referring to primary data in the form of KAP auditor opinion in Surabaya and Malang. Audit delay is the length of time for audit completion as measured from the closing date of the financial year to the date of issuance of the audit report. This audit delay results in reduced benefits of the contents contained in the financial statements. This research was conducted in Surabaya and Malang. Data collection was carried out by giving questionnaires to respondents. The number of questionnaires distributed was 90 questionnaires to auditors at KAPs that were officially registered in Surabaya and Malang. The collected data will then be processed using the SPSS 12.0 program and analyzed using the regression method. Two important things that must be considered by investors in investing in the capital market are the expected benefits and risks that may occur. Along with the increasing number of companies going public in Indonesia, the demand for financial statement audits is also increasing. Therefore, financial reports audited by independent auditors must be published within a predetermined time. Conversely, if the financial statements audited by independent auditors are published beyond the specified time, then the audited financial statements experience audit delay. The test results using the F test show that all the factors studied together have a significant effect on the Audit Delay variable. While the results of the t test show that all the factors studied also have a significant positive effect on the Audit Delay variable.
Analysis of the effect of the promotion mix on room revenue at the Malang Tidar Tourism Hotel
Authors: Putro L. Seno Bayu
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the promotion mix on room revenue and to find out which promotion mix has the most dominant effect on room revenue. This research is expected to be useful for the authors, the Hotel Wisata Tidar, and other competent parties. The results showed that only the personal selling variable had a very significant effect on room income, while the advertising variable had a less significant effect on room income, so this variable was omitted (due to multicollinearity symptoms). The development of Indonesia's tourism world continues to increase from time to time which can be seen from indications of an increasing number of tourists visiting tourist destinations in Indonesia, which are famous for their natural beauty, friendliness of the people, and cultural diversity. Along with these developments, many hotel businesses that provide lodging services and other supporting services have sprung up. Hotel Wisata Tidar as one of the hotels in the city of Malang, also takes part in the development of the hospitality business in Indonesia. In carrying out its operations, Hotel Wisata Tidar also tries to compete as optimally as possible, even though it is still a newcomer. In an effort to promote itself, Hotel Wisata Tidar uses 2 (two) promotional mix media, namely: advertising and personal selling. Based on the above, to find out how far the effectiveness of promotional activities carried out in relation to room revenue earned, this research was conducted. The variables used in this study consisted of 2 (two) variables, namely: the independent variable (advertising and personal selling) and the dependent variable (room income).
Impact of reporting foreign exchange gains on capital market reactions (an empirical study of manufacturing companies listed on the Jakarta stock exchange in 2003-2004)
Authors: Istriani Indah
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to test empirically the impact of reporting foreign exchange gains on market reactions. The results of previous studies state that there is a correlation between the exchange rate (exchange rate) and stock prices. Based on these studies, researchers are motivated to conduct this research. This study uses Abnormal Return and Trading Volume Activity as a proxy for market reaction and uses 41 manufacturing companies listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange in 2003-2004 as samples. The sample selection used purposive sampling method. Market reaction to the reporting of foreign exchange gains is tested using the event study methodology. Researchers make corrections to beta to reduce the influence of bias on the Jakarta Stock Exchange. Correction for beta uses the Fowler and Rorke (1983) method with four leads and four legs. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple regression analysis. Before carrying out multiple regression analysis, a classical assumption test was first performed to obtain an unbiased and efficient estimator or Best Linear Unbias Estimator (BLUE). The results of this study indicate that there is a significant market reaction around the publication date of the financial statements reporting foreign exchange gains by the company. This study shows that the reporting of foreign exchange gains has a significant effect on market reactions as measured by Cummulative Abnormal Return. However, there is no significant effect from reporting foreign exchange gain on Trading Volume Activity.
Effect of exports and development spending on Indonesia's economic growth
Authors: Jumiana Jumiana
Published: May 2023

Economic growth is a significant increase in national income within a certain calculation period. This thesis entitled "The Influence of Exports and Development Expenditures on Indonesia's Economic Growth in the 2003-2012 Period" secondary 10-year time series data between 2003-2012. Data were obtained from various sources, including the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), and scientific journals and other literature related to this research topic. The analytical method used in this study is multiple regression analysis which is used to determine the magnitude of the effect of changing one variable on another variable with the help of SPSS 17. From the regression results above the R squared (R2) value is 0.957, this means 95.7% variation changes in economic growth variables can be explained simultaneously by variations in export and development expenditure variables, the remaining 4.3% is determined by other variables or factors outside the model. For exports, the results of the study show a significance value lower than the significant level (0.000 <0.05) so that Ho is rejected, Ha is accepted, thus exports have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. While development expenditure, the significant value is greater than the significance level (0.251 > 0.05) so that Ho is accepted Ha is rejected. Thus the results of the study show that the coefficient of development expenditure (X2) is not significant to Indonesia's economic growth.
Implementation of retail gasoline sales in terms of Islamic business ethics (Study in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City)
Authors: Faisal Faisal
Published: May 2023

Study it was found that (1) the implementation of retail gasoline There are two issues studied in this thesis, namely: (1) How is the implementation of retail gasoline sales in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City (2) How is retail gasoline sales in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City in terms of Islamic business ethics. The purpose of this study was to find out how retail gasoline sales are implemented in terms of Islamic business ethics in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City. To reveal this problem in depth and thoroughly, the researcher uses a qualitative descriptive method which is useful for providing information, facts about the implementation of retail gasoline sales in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City. Then the data is described, analyzed and discussed to answer these problems. From the results of this sales in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City still violates Presidential Decree 15 of 2012. (2) Retail gasoline sales in Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu City are not in accordance with Islamic business ethics because retail gasoline sellers do not understand and apply Islamic Business Ethics.
Effect of service quality on savings customer satisfaction at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Kediri
Authors: Sulsiah Ani
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the significant influence of service quality variables simultaneously and partially on customer satisfaction and to analyze service quality variables that have the most dominant effect on customer satisfaction. The type of research used is survey research with five independent variables, namely: physical evidence (X1), reliability (X2), responsiveness (X3), assurance (X4), and empathy (X5) and the dependent variable, namely customer satisfaction (Y). This research was conducted at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Kediri using a sample of 100 customers. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The data source uses primary data, namely the results of questionnaires and secondary data, namely documentation materials. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis tool used is multiple linear regression analysis. To determine the effect of each of these variables, multiple linear regression tests and other tests are used to strengthen the results of the analysis of this study. From this study it is known that each variable consists of physical evidence (X1), reliability (X2), responsiveness (X3), assurance (X4), and empathy (X5) which have a simultaneous and partial influence on customer satisfaction (Y). Responsiveness variable (X3) is a variable that has a dominant influence on customer satisfaction at Bank Muamalat Indonesia Kediri.
Strategy management at PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero) Malang regional office
Authors: Retno W Ajeng
Published: May 2023

This research is descriptive in nature, namely providing an overview and analysis of the current condition of the company's environment both internal and external to the company. This company faces various problems that must be resolved where fast environmental changes require companies to be more responsive in developing products to deal with the increasingly rapid growth of the insurance industry. This study aims to determine the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities owned and faced by PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero) Malang Regional Office and determine the right strategy for the company in an effort to develop its business and achieve company goals. So from this research it is hoped that the company can take the right strategic steps in the company's operational activities. The analytical tool used in this study consists of three stages, namely the input stage, matching stage, and decision stage. At the input stage the analysis tools used include Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) analysis and External factor Evaluation (EFE) analysis. At the matching stage, analysis tools are used in the form of Treath-Opportunity-Weakness-Strength (TOWS) analysis and Internal External (IE) analysis. And by using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) at the decision stage, various alternative strategies are analyzed and one strategy is prioritized for implementation. Based on the results of environmental analysis and company position, the strategy chosen is the market penetration strategy. The functional strategy in the field of operations or production includes sales promotions, product presentations, and product outreach. In the field of finance, it covers cost effectiveness and efficiency, simplification of bookkeeping procedures, and the proper use of budgets. In the field of marketing includes market penetration, sales of products that provide large profits, as well as payment of commissions and marketers' rights. And in the field of human resources includes implementing training and providing knowledge about new products.
Influence of product quality, promotion and design on purchasing decisions for Yamaha Mio motorized vehicles
Authors: Purwanto Asih
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the influence of product quality, promotion and design on the purchasing decision of Yamaha Mio motorcycle products and to analyze the variables that have the most dominant influence on the purchasing decision of Yamaha Mio motorcycle products in the people of Surakarta. The population in this study were all consumers of Yamaha Mio motorbikes in the Surakarta area. The sample used was 150 respondents with the Accidental Quota Sampling technique. The data collection technique used a questionnaire, while the data analysis technique used multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumptions (normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test), statistical tests (t test, F test and coefficient of determination). From the results of the classical assumption analysis, the normality test with Kolmogorovsmirnov was obtained significantly greater than 0.05, which means that the data is normally distributed. The multicollinearity test obtained VIF and Tolerance values ​​that were close to one so that it could be concluded that the regression model had no multicollinearity problem, while the heteroscedasticity test using the Glejser method stated that there was no problem. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis from the t test, it was found that partially product quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions for Yamaha Mio motorcycle products, while promotion and design have a significant effect on the 5% level. From the results of the F test that simultaneously product quality, promotion and design have a significant effect on purchasing decisions for Yamaha Mio motorcycle products where the value of F count> F table. Product quality has the most dominant influence on purchasing decisions for Yamaha Mio motorcycle products. An R square value of 0.255 is obtained, which means that the dependent variable can be explained by an independent variable of 25.5% while the remaining 74.5% is explained by other variables outside the model.
Els creadors no neixen, es creen
Authors: Kaüki Georgia
Published: May 2023

Thanos Mikrútsikos va publicar, el 1976, el disc Cantata per a Makrónissos, posant música a sis poemes de Iannis Ritsos i a quatre de Vladímir Maiakovski traduïts també pel poeta; així sʹunien els esperits creadors que posaven els seus arts al servei de la lluita per la justícia i els drets humans.
L' Alfa perduda. Un hàpax legómenon inexplicat a la poesia d'Elitis
Authors: Sabaté Marqués Pau
Published: May 2023

El sintagma το αλφάκι του νερού (to alfaki tu nerú), al poemari Orientacions (Προσανατολισμοί, 1939) d'Odisseas Elitis, no té un significat clar. Aquest article debat diverses possibilitats d'interpretació i explica el procés d'investigació que ha permès de formular-les.
Plantes i flors a l’obra poètica de Iorgos Seferis
Authors: Villalonga Garcia Raquel
Published: May 2023

Estudi de les plantes i flors a l'obra poètica de Iorgos Seferis (1900-1973), relacionant aquests elements vegetals amb la seua presència literària en l'Antiguitat grega o grecollatina, especialment a través del mite, i amb altres poetes neogrecs.
De la GEC a l'IEC (o com transcriure del grec modern al català)
Authors: Martí Gebellí Joan-Andreu
Published: May 2023

La Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana va establir durant els anys 70 els criteris de transcripció al català dels noms propis escrits en altres alfabets, i entre ells el grec modern; centenars d'aquests noms van ser incorporats al nostre idioma per primer cop. Cinquanta anys després ha arribat el moment de revisar i, si cal, millorar aquells criteris.
1,4-Dihidropiridīna atvasinājumu fizikāli-ķīmiskā un in silico izpēte
Authors:   , Muhamadejevs Ruslans
Published: May 2023

Promocijas darbs veltīts 1,4-dihidropiridīna (1,4-DHP) atvasinājumu pētījumiem, izmantojot virkni fizikāli-ķīmisko metožu un kvantu ķīmiskos aprēķinus. 1,4-DHP atvasinājumu bromēšanas reakcijā (ar N-bromsukcinimīdu) ar KMR metodi identificēti līdz šim neaprakstīti starpprodukti. Ar KMR metodi novērota neparasta 1,4-DHP metilēngrupu AB sistēmas protonu diastereotopijas atkarība no temperatūras. Ar KMR un IS atklāta anomāla |N-H| saites saīsināšanās tad, ja veidojas ūdeņraža saite. Izmantojot izotermālo titrēšanas kalorimetriju un KMR, raksturota 5′-mononukleotīdu monofosfātu saistība ar katjoniem lipīdveida 1,4-DHP atvasinājumiem.
Environment- and epigenome-wide association study of obesity in ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort
Authors: Zhao Jie , Fan Bohan , Huang Jian , Cowling Benjamin John , Au Yeung Shiu Lun Ryan , Baccarelli Andrea , Leung Gabriel M , Schooling C Mary
Published: May 2023

Background:

Increasing childhood obesity is a global issue requiring potentially local solutions to ensure it does not continue into adulthood. We systematically identified potentially modifiable targets of obesity at the onset and end of puberty in Hong Kong, the most economically developed major Chinese city.

Methods:

We conducted an environment-wide association study (EWAS) and an epigenome-wide association study of obesity to systematically assess associations with body mass index (BMI) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) in Hong Kong’s population-representative ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort. Univariable linear regression was used to select exposures related to obesity at ~11.5 years (BMI and obesity risk n ≤ 7119, WHR n = 5691) and ~17.6 years (n = 3618) at Bonferroni-corrected significance, and multivariable regression to adjust for potential confounders followed by replicated multivariable regression (n = 308) and CpG by CpG analysis (n = 286) at ~23 years. Findings were compared with evidence from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies.

Results:

At ~11.5 and~17.6 years the EWAS identified 14 and 37 exposures associated with BMI, as well as 7 and 12 associated with WHR, respectively. Most exposures had directionally consistent associations at ~23 years. Maternal second-hand smoking, maternal weight, and birth weight were consistently associated with obesity. Diet (including dairy intake and artificially sweetened beverages), physical activity, snoring, binge eating, and earlier puberty were positively associated with BMI at ~17.6 years, while eating before sleep was inversely associated with BMI at ~17.6 years. Findings for birth weight, dairy intake, and binge eating are consistent with available evidence from RCTs or MR studies. We found 17 CpGs related to BMI and 17 to WHR.

Conclusions:

These novel insights into potentially modifiable factors associated with obesity at the outset and the end of puberty could, if causal, inform future interventions to improve population health in Hong Kong and similar Chinese settings.

Funding:

This study including the follow-up survey and epigenetics testing was supported by the Health and Medical Research Fund Research Fellowship, Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government (#04180097). The DNA extraction of the samples used for epigenetic testing was supported by CFS-HKU1.
Environment as a limiting factor of the historical global spread of mungbean
Authors: Ong Pei-Wen , Lin Ya-Ping , Chen Hung-Wei , Lo Cheng-Yu , Burlyaeva Marina , Noble Thomas , Nair Ramakrishnan Madhavan , Schafleitner Roland , Vishnyakova Margarita , Bishop-von-Wettberg Eric , Samsonova Maria , Nuzhdin Sergey , Ting Chau-Ti , Lee Cheng-Ruei
Published: May 2023

While the domestication process has been investigated in many crops, the detailed route of cultivation range expansion and factors governing this process received relatively little attention. Here, using mungbean (Vigna radiata var. radiata) as a test case, we investigated the genomes of more than 1000 accessions to illustrate climatic adaptation’s role in dictating the unique routes of cultivation range expansion. Despite the geographical proximity between South and Central Asia, genetic evidence suggests mungbean cultivation first spread from South Asia to Southeast, East and finally reached Central Asia. Combining evidence from demographic inference, climatic niche modeling, plant morphology, and records from ancient Chinese sources, we showed that the specific route was shaped by the unique combinations of climatic constraints and farmer practices across Asia, which imposed divergent selection favoring higher yield in the south but short-season and more drought-tolerant accessions in the north. Our results suggest that mungbean did not radiate from the domestication center as expected purely under human activity, but instead, the spread of mungbean cultivation is highly constrained by climatic adaptation, echoing the idea that human commensals are more difficult to spread through the south-north axis of continents.
Annexin A6 mediates calcium-dependent exosome secretion during plasma membrane repair
Authors: Williams Justin Krish , Ngo Jordan Matthew , Lehman Isabelle Madeline , Schekman Randy
Published: May 2023

Exosomes are an extracellular vesicle (EV) subtype that is secreted upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane. Exosomes may participate in intercellular communication and have utility as disease biomarkers; however, little is known regarding the physiological stimuli that induce their secretion. Ca2+ influx promotes exosome secretion, raising the possibility that exosomes are secreted during the Ca2+-dependent plasma membrane repair of tissues damaged by mechanical stress in vivo. To determine whether exosomes are secreted upon plasma membrane damage, we developed sensitive assays to measure exosome secretion in intact and permeabilized cells. Our results suggest that exosome secretion is coupled to Ca2+-dependent plasma membrane repair. We find that annexin A6 (ANXA6), a well-known plasma membrane repair protein, is recruited to MVBs in the presence of Ca2+ and required for Ca2+-dependent exosome secretion, both in intact and in permeabilized cells. ANXA6 depletion stalls MVBs at the cell periphery, and ANXA6 truncations localize to different membranes, suggesting that ANXA6 may serve to tether MVBs to the plasma membrane. We find that cells secrete exosomes and other EVs upon plasma membrane damage and propose that repair-induced secretion may contribute to the pool of EVs present within biological fluids.
FKBP35 secures ribosome homeostasis in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Thommen Basil T. , Dziekan Jerzy M. , Achcar Fiona , Tjia Seth , Passecker Armin , Buczak Katarzyna , Gumpp Christin , Schmidt Alexander , Rottmann Matthias , Grüring Christof , Marti Matthias , Bozdech Zbynek , Brancucci Nicolas M. B.
Published: May 2023

Plasmodium falciparum
accounts for the majority of over 600’000 malaria-associated deaths annually. Parasites resistant to nearly all antimalarials have emerged and the need for drugs with alternative modes of action is thus undoubted. The FK506-binding protein
Pf
FKBP35 has gained attention as a promising drug target due to its high affinity to the macrolide compound FK506 (tacrolimus). Whilst there is considerable interest in targeting
Pf
FKBP35 with small molecules, a genetic validation of this factor as a drug target is missing and its function in parasite biology remains elusive. Here, we show that limiting
Pf
FKBP35 levels are lethal to
P. falciparum
and result in a delayed-death phenotype that is characterized by defective ribosome homeostasis and stalled protein translation. We furthermore show that FK506, unlike the role of this drug in model organisms, exerts its anti-proliferative activity in a
Pf
FKBP35-independent manner and, using cellular thermal shift assays, we identify FK506-targets beyond
Pf
FKBP35. In addition to revealing first insights into the function of
Pf
FKBP35, our results show that FKBP-binding drugs can adopt non-canonical modes of action – with major implications for the development of FK506-derived molecules active against
Plasmodium
parasites and other eukaryotic pathogens.
Old Wine in New Wineskins: Professionalism and Managerialism in the Performance Appraisal Interviews of Pastors in the Church of Norway
Authors: Sirris Stephen
Published: May 2023

Performance appraisal interviews are a distinct feature of modern work organisations. A generic organisational script, appraisals have also been adopted by traditional professions within old religious institutions. Based on the theory of institutional logics, this article aims at providing new knowledge about the interplay of professionalism and managerialism in pastoral appraisals. It addresses the following research question: How do professional and managerial logics intersect in performance appraisal interviews of pastors in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Norway? This study clarifies the function, contents and ambiguity of appraisals by interviewing pastors and their leaders and analysing their experiences and expectations of appraisals. The author discusses how ideal-typical professional and managerial logics are demarcated and hybridised in appraisals. With the church in a state of transition, this study shows how the pastor profession constructs itself in appraisals by drawing on both logics yet primarily safeguarding professionalism.
Introduction
Authors: Sutherland Suzanne
Published: May 2023

This introductory chapter provides an overview of military entrepreneurs, who became pervasive figures in early modern politics and society. It focuses on the life of Raimondo Montecuccoli (1609–80), one of the most consequential figures in the Austrian Habsburg monarchy. Montecuccoli was exemplary in many ways, but a broader group of Italian noblemen who served in the imperial army and court from the late sixteenth through the end of the seventeenth centuries shared similar experiences. Their experiences show that early modern warfare was more of a family business than an official activity of the state. Examining this dynamic picture demands an approach that not only takes military entrepreneurs and their methods seriously but also integrates military history with social and cultural history, as well as with the history of science. Organized into three key themes of war, loyalty, and expertise, the book reimagines critical military, political, and cultural changes of the seventeenth century from the perspectives of mobile, semiautonomous military figures who inhabited transregional communities.
The Making of an Early Modern Military Entrepreneur
Authors: Sutherland Suzanne
Published: May 2023

This chapter details Raimondo Montecuccoli's advancement in the imperial army. Montecuccoli's experiences show that the careers of military entrepreneurs were not simply the personal choices of opportunistic individuals. They were fundamentally pieces of aristocratic family strategies for gaining and maintaining power in a European landscape of interconnected conflicts. By the end of the Thirty Years' War, Montecuccoli had inherited the Austrian estate of Hohenegg, become cavalry general, earned court offices, and received some financial reimbursements. Despite this progress, ongoing challenges he faced point to the realities of life as a foreign military entrepreneur. During these years, Montecuccoli also contended with military theory and its relationship to experience. In the process, he became a self-styled military expert and army reformer. These experiences intersected with those of other Italian noblemen in Austrian Habsburg service. Despite his multiple allegiances and participation in a military environment characterized by bewildering orders, lack of provisions, poorly disciplined soldiers, and a complex interplay of dynastic interests, Montecuccoli remained committed to the Austrian Habsburgs.
A Loyal Servant
Authors: Sutherland Suzanne
Published: May 2023

This chapter contextualizes the development of knowledge of warfare within the turbulent politics and campaign realities of the 1660s. During the early 1660s, as the Austrian Habsburgs faced the threat of a massive Ottoman invasion, Raimondo Montecuccoli struggled to manage the complexities of warfare with limited resources. Montecuccoli has gained a historical reputation as a cool-headed, systematic thinker and general, but by analyzing his writings in the context of the rivalries of the 1660s and the Hungarian frontier, one can see how his military science emerged as part of a fiery, ideological debate. Fissures between him and the Croatian-Hungarian magnate Miklós Zrínyi emerged because they disagreed about what the common good was and how military force should serve broader interests. Montecuccoli then used the evolving idea of military science as a weapon to prove his way of waging war was correct. Loyalty was integral to his conception of how to wage war, because loyalty required the subordination of private interests to the greater good one was loyal to, supposedly resulting in clear-eyed, rational military analysis and action.
Statecraft as Stagecraft
Authors: Ding Iza
Published: May 2023

This chapter analyzes performative governance in China's environmental state and other selected issue areas, reviewing the sources, properties, and outcomes of performative governance. It addresses the question of what makes state behavior performative as opposed to substantive and when does it improve the state's image or falls flat. Before assessing the conditions of performative governance and its reception by the public, the chapter first assesses the definition of performative governance. It emphasizes that performative governance refers to the state's symbolic performance of “good governance.” It also provides a background on the empirical investigations into the evolution of China's environmental state over time and the causes and effects of performative governance.
Anatomy of the State
Authors: Ding Iza
Published: May 2023

This chapter dissects “the state” vertically, between the ruling regime and the bureaucratic apparatus, as well as horizontally, between its various functional organs and arms. The chapter recognizes the state's internal complexity and variety helps us understand its multifaced interaction with the society it serves. It also argues that state-bureaucratic behavior is shaped by capacity and scrutiny, which combine to produce several types of governance. The chapter discusses inert governance, when capacity and scrutiny are both weak; paternalistic governance, when capacity is strong but scrutiny is weak; substantive governance, when capacity and scrutiny are both strong; and performative governance, when capacity is weak but scrutiny is strong. It highlights the underlying sources of capacity and scrutiny and illustrates the typology with examples globally and within the Chinese state.
“Working Together for Health” at the Hôpital Universitaire Justinien
Authors: Minn Pierre
Published: May 2023

This chapter examines the work of Konbit Sante, a small, secular American organization and one of the many international aid organizations that provide aid to the Hôpital Universitaire Justinien. It draws on the group’s struggles to “build capacity” in Haiti’s public health system. In choosing not to provide clinical services to Haitian patients, Konbit Sante joins a growing number of organizations and agencies that have been shaped by longstanding critiques of humanitarian and development practices. In describing the Konbit Sante’s struggles to maintain partnerships with their Haitian colleagues, the chapter illustrates the persistence of gift relations in global health, and the tensions that arise as actors negotiate between material and immaterial forms of aid. Despite donors' and recipients' desires to distance themselves from donations of material supplies, these types of donations often create the necessary conditions for systemic and structural interventions that are increasingly identified as global health priorities.
Conclusions
Authors: Cheung Tai Ming
Published: May 2023

This chapter evaluates the prospects and global implications of an increasingly potent and assertive Chinese techno-security state. It addresses the question of how large and sustainable the Chinese techno-security state is, especially from an economic and financial perspective. The chapter also examines how large a footprint does the techno-security base have relative to the size of the overall country and how affordable is this burden. It considers how institutionalized or personalistic is the Chinese techno-security state and how much of its long-term fortunes rest on Xi Jinping. The chapter then compares the US–China techno-security rivalry in the twenty-first century with the US–Soviet Cold War and US–Japan geo-economic competition in the late twentieth century. It presents a detailed comparison of the US and Chinese techno-security states and the prospects for their long-term techno-security competition. It also looks at the development path ahead for the Chinese techno-security state over the course of the 2020s and into the first half of the 2030s as laid out by the 14th Five-Year Plan and 2035 Vision.
Arrested Development
Authors: Iandolo Alessandro
Published: May 2023

This book examines the USSR's involvement in West Africa during the 1950s and 1960s as aid donor, trade partner, and political inspiration for the first post-independence governments in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali. Buoyed by solid economic performance in the 1950s, the USSR opened itself up to the world and launched a series of programs aimed at supporting the search for economic development in newly independent countries in Africa and Asia. These countries, emerging from decades of colonial domination, looked at the USSR as an example to strengthen political and economic independence. The book explores the ideas that guided Soviet engagement in West Africa, investigates the projects that the USSR sponsored “on the ground,” and analyzes their implementation and legacy. The Soviet specialists who worked in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali collaborated with West African colleagues in drawing ambitious development plans, supervised the construction of new transport infrastructure, organized collective farms and fishing cooperatives, conducted geological surveys and mineral prospecting, set up banking systems, managed international trade, and staffed repairs workshops and ministerial bureaucracies alike. The exchanges and clashes born out of the encounter between Soviet and West African ideas, ambitions, and hopes about development reveal the USSR as a central actor in the history of economic development in the twentieth century.
Introduction
Authors: Iandolo Alessandro
Published: May 2023

This chapter provides an overview of the Soviet Union's attempt to export a model of development based on socialist principles to Ghana, Guinea, and Mali between the mid-1950s and the late 1960s. It highlights the contrasting visions of modernization that involve either building up the state or market competition and private investment. Moreover, modernity primarily refers to the ideal end-stage of the development process that indicates the application of new ideas, models, and technology to the organization of society and production. The chapter also covers the notion of the Third World, which was known to be underdeveloped countries. It cites the Cold War as an analytical framework.