bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of degree and pattern of contrast enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging with histopathological grade of intracranial astrocytoma
Authors: Mohammad Nuruzzaman Khan  , Sabrina Shafiq  , Syed Shahreor Razzaque  , Sk Sader Hossain
Published: October 2024

Background/Objective: Astrocytomas, a type of glioma, require accurate grading to guide treatment. This study evaluates the correlation between MRI contrast enhancement and histopathological grades of astrocytomas.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 37 patients with biopsy-confirmed astrocytomas was conducted. Non-probability or purposive sampling was carried out. MRI scans assessed contrast enhancement characteristics, and tumors were classified radiologically and histopathologically.
Results: The age range of the patients was 11 to 74 years and mean age was 40.25±16.04 years. The male to female ratio was 4:1. Headache was the most common presenting symptoms (95%). Most of the tumors were located at the cerebral hemispheres (78%). None or slight contrast enhancement was found in 17 (46%) and the pattern of contrast enhancement was heterogeneous in 24 (65%) patients. Maximum 20 (54%) patients had high grade astrocytoma. In the present study, 85% high grade astrocytoma showed moderate to marked whereas 82.4% low grade astrocytoma showed none or slight contrast enhancement. Sensitivity & specificity of contrast enhanced MRI was 82.4% and 85% respectively. The overall accuracy was 83.78%.
Conclusion: MRI is a reliable non-invasive tool for grading astrocytomas, with strong correlation between contrast enhancement and tumor grade, supporting its use in clinical decision-making.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 13-19
Comparative Study of Olmesartan versus Telmisartan, in Patient with Stage I Hypertension
Authors: Md Murshidur Rahman Khan  , Md Moshfequre Rahman  , Abdur Rahman  , Md Akteruz Zaman  , Udoy Shankar Roy
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases in the world. It is defined as sustained increase in blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg. The risk of both microvascular & microvascular complications including stroke, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy & possibly neuropathy increases with hypertension. Olmesartan medoxomil is a non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. The drug acts by selectively blocking angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Telmisartan is angiotensin receptor blocker shows high affinity for the angiotensin II type 1 receptors. Objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of Olmesartan and Telmisartan in Patient with stage –I hypertension. Materials and methods: This was a randomized, open‑label, parallel‑group, comparative study conducted in 120 patients of Stage I hypertension carried out from January 2021to June 2022. Patients were recruited from the cardiology outpatient department (OPD) of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College hospital.Results: In olmesartan group there were 39 male and 21 female patients and in telmisartan group there were 36 male and 24 female patients. Both Olmesartan and Telmisartan are effective in lowering systolic & diastolic BP at different intervals of 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week.  There was a statistically significant decrease in mean blood glucose level after 12 weeks of treatment in telmisartan group when compared to baseline. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low‑density lipoproteins decreased significantly after 12‑week treatment with olmesartan and telmisartan. Conclusion: Olmesartan and telmisartan are equally efficacious in reducing DBP. Olmesartan, when compared to telmisartan is more efficacious in reducing SBP. Whereas Telmisartan shows the most favorable effects on FBG and lipid profile.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 8-12
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Suspension (POPS) for Obstructive Defecation Syndrome (ODS) : Functional Outcome
Authors: Most Bilkis Fatema  , Sabrin Akter Onni  , Krisna pada Shaha  , Nusrat Shaheed  , A S M Farhad Ul Hassan  , Md Ahsan Habib
Published: October 2024

Background: Genital apparatus represents the anatomical support for the bladder and rectum, therefore, inevitably the genital prolapse implies serious anatomical and functional alterations of these organs. Pelvic organ prolapse is one of the most common pathological conditions in postmenopausal women.Pelvic organ prolapse suspensions (POPS) is a recent surgical procedure for one-stage treatment of multiorgan female pelvic prolapse.
Methods: This observational study evaluated the preliminary results of POPS of 42 women with a mean age of 50 within 4 years of period. Patients underwent posterior colpoperineorrhaphy to correct residual rectocele and hiatal enlargement at the same time.
Results: We had no relapses and the preliminary results were excellent. We evaluated the patients after 6 months follow-up and confirmed the validity of our treatment. The technique is simpler than traditional treatments with an important reduction or completely disappearance of the pre-operative symptoms.
Conclusions: Uterus-preserving pops operation was found to be safe and effective with high patient satisfaction rates and simultaneous correction of anterior prolapse. Significant improvements in patients quality of life.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2022; 14(2): 20-24
Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Deficiency during the First Trimester: Evidence from a Major Metropolitan City in Bangladesh
Authors: Fahmida Shirin  , Nahid Sultana  , Faisal Chowdhury  , Fahmida Islam Chowdhury  , Munawar Sultana  , Jannatul Ferdous  , Shahnaj Jahan Chawdhury  , Asifa Ali  , Koushik Deb
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency in early trimesters can have detrimental effect on feto-maternal outcomes. This research aimed to determine the prevalence  and possible associated factors with vitamin D deficiency during first trimester in Chattogram city, Bangladesh.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from July to September, 2023 in Chattogram metropolitan city with purposive sampling. After obtaining consent a questionnaire was provided and blood was drawn for biochemical analysis. Statistical inference was done through SPSS V25.
Results: Total 398 women participated in this study with mean age of 27 years. More than half (51.8%) were suffering subpar vitamin D level, with 15.1% being deficient and 36.7% having insufficient vitamin D level. Most participants were housewives (78.6%) with over half (57.5%) completing their undergraduate degree. Private service (40.5%) was the most prevalent spouse’s profession. Most of the women were primigravid (41.2%). 34.4% and 34.4% of participants had one instance of cesarean section and abortion respectively. High prevalence of anemia was present (49.2%) and was statistically significant with subpar vitamin D level (p<0.05). Husband’s occupation and covered clothing style was also found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: There is significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy in Chattogram metropolitan region. Further research and early intervention should be implemented to prevent and mitigate this deficiency and prevent associated adversities.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 39-44
Prognostic Significance of Angiogenesis in invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Monika Mehjabin  , Abdus Sabur Talukder  , Sabera sultana  , Nure Jannat Ferdousi  , Umme Kulsum Munmun  , Mohammed Kamal
Published: October 2024

Background: Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis. Axillary lymphnode status has been the most important prognostic factor in operable breast carcinoma, but it does not fully account for the varied disease outcome. More accurate prognostic indicators would help in selection of patients at high risk for disease recurrence and death who are candidates for systemic adjuvant therapy. Microvessel density  in invasive ductal carcinoma (measures of tumor angiogenesis) is associated with metastasis and thus may be a prognostic indicator. Objective: To correlate intratumoral and peritumoral angiogenic microvessel density with lymphnode metastasis in invasive ductal carcinoma. Material and Methods: It is a cross sectional observational study, carried out at the department of Pathology, BSMMU from January 2016 to December 2017. A total 48 mastectomy samples with axillary nodes from histologically confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma were included in this study. Weidner method was used for calculating micro vessels density. Sections examined to evaluate the density of angiogenic vessels by immuohistological stain with  vWF expression in invasive breast cancer. Correlation between angiogenic vessels density with or without lymphnode metastasis was taken.  Results: In this study angiogenic vessel count is more in the intratumoral area than peritumoural area. There was a positive significant correlation between lymphnode metastasis with micro vessel density in both peritumoral and intratumoral areas in Weidner method in vWF stain.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 59-65
Lumbar Spinal Meningioma- A common tumor in an uncommon location: A case report
Authors: Shuvro Saha  , Md Shahadat Hossain Sarker  , Saumik Sarkar  , Md Harun Ur Rashid  , Saumitra Sarkar
Published: October 2024

Meningioma in the spinal canal commonly appears as intradural extramedullary spinal tumors at the dorsal and cervical region but is rare in the lumbar area. A 36-year-old man presented to us with complaints of left sciatica, weakness, and difficulty in movements of his left toes for a couple of months. Magnetic Resonance Imaging revealed an enhancing oval-shaped lesion at the level of L4, and histopathology revealed a meningioma. The complete removal has been done with hemilaminectomy for this common tumor in an uncommon location.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 78-82
A Symptomatic Calcified Chronic Subdural Hematoma in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Anindya Dasgupta  , Shuvro Saha  , Rathin Halder  , Madhuree Roy  , Ankhi Dey
Published: October 2024

Calcified chronic subdural hematomas are rare forms of chronic subdural hematoma, accounting for 0.3-2.7%. Surgery is adequate for most chronic subdural hematomas, but its effectiveness is uncertain for calcified chronic subdural hematomas. In this case report, we illustrate a case of a 70-year-old male presenting with a motor function deficit in his left limbs over two months and neurological deterioration. A substantial calcified subdural collection was seen on computed tomography in the right parietal hemisphere. This was surgically removed with success and completeness. A chronic subdural hematoma has minimal possibility of becoming calcified. Because of the patient's condition's severity, surgery was the only remaining choice.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 83-86
Conservative Management of mild symptomatic descending thoracic aneurysm – A case report with 1year follow-up
Authors: Golam Mahfuz Rabbani  , Md Moshfequre Rahman Khan
Published: October 2024

Background: The thoracic aorta is made up of the ascending, descending, aortic arch, and aortic root. An aneurysm forms when the artery's usual diameter increases by fifty percent. Thoracic aneurysms affect 10 of every 100,000 elderly adults and are less common than their abdominal counterparts. Patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) rarely experience symptoms, and 95% of TAA patients are asymptomatic.
Case history: A 47-year-old male patient who had a medical history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. During the first visit, the patient presented with two months of dull back pain. The patient's blood pressure was 180/110 mm of Hg. Our initial assessment involved taking an X-ray and an echocardiography of the patient's chest. The data from his echocardiography and chest reveals that he has a thoracic aneurysm. After a confirmatory CT scan, the diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysm was made.
Conclusion: In our case report, conservative method was successful in the management of a mild symptomatic descending thoracic aorta aneurysm. However, the size, growth pace, and underlying cause of an aortic aneurysm might all affect whether doctors recommend surgery to repair it. If an aneurysm ruptures or dissects, immediate surgery may be required.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2023; 15(1): 87-90
Individual happiness and well-being as a strategy to increase productivity
Authors: Pratiwi Awalya Siska , Setiyowati Arbin Janu
Published: October 2024

This research aims to examine the role of happiness and well-being as key factors in enhancing individual productivity. With the growing body of research on mental health and well-being, a new understanding has emerged regarding the strong connection between emotional well-being and productive performance. Through a literature review, this study identifies and analyzes various empirical studies that explore the impact of happiness and well-being on productivity in different contexts, both in the workplace and in everyday life. The review process employed a systematic literature review method, with inclusion criteria encompassing studies published within the last four years and written in English or Indonesian. The findings indicate that happiness and well-being not only contribute to improved performance but also play a pivotal role in fostering an environment that supports sustainable productivity growth.
КОНДИЦІЙНЕ ТРЕНУВАННЯ КІБЕРСПОРТСМЕНІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МОБІЛЬНИХ ДОДАТКІВ
Authors: Єфременко Андрій , Пятисоцька Світлана , Подрігало Леонід
Published: October 2024

The issue of insufficient physical activity among computer game players remains relevant. This study proposes a solution based on the comprehensive use of gaming-oriented mobile applications for the conditioning training of esports athletes. A sequential pedagogical experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of esports athletes applying an aerobic-focused conditioning training program (slow running). The program’s unique feature is its implementation in a remote format using mobile applications for planning, execution, control, and performance evaluation. It is based on an original concept of implementing running training in the form of a mobile running application (the so-called “exergame”) with a game-like nature (“Zombies, Run!”). The program was designed for a six-week implementation. Its effectiveness was determined by evaluating the dynamics of indicators: 1600 m run time; calculated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max); and heart rate (HR). Subjective attitudes towards the program’s physical loads were assessed using the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale and the Physical Activity Satisfaction Needs scale. It was found that esports athletes significantly (p<0.05) improved their 1600 m run time, VO2 max, and HR indicators under the influence of the slow running program. Along with the volume and intensity increase of the running load, a decrease in RPE scale indicators was observed. The obtained data confirmed the advantages of the comprehensive use of mobile applications for normalizing the motor activity of esports athletes in the form of conditioning training. Both the remote format of planning and accounting and the game format of activities contributed to increasing the engagement of esports athletes in physical activity. The effectiveness of the slow running training program for esports athletes using mobile applications was established in terms of increasing physical activity (regular, organized physical activity), improving physical fitness (duration and volume of slow running), enhancing physical condition (VO2 max, HR), and interest in physical activity (adherence).
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НЕЙРОННИХ МЕРЕЖ ДЛЯ РОЗПІЗНАВАННЯ ОПТИЧНИХ СПЕКТРІВ У НАВЧАЛЬНОМУ ПРАКТИКУМІ З ОСНОВ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Величко Степан , Величко Ігор , Ковальов Сергій , Ковальов Юрій
Published: October 2024

У статті аналізується ідея застосування штучного інтелекту у вигляді моделі штучної нейронної мережі для автоматичного розпізнавання оптичних спектрів, які реєструються традиційним спектральним обладнанням. У викладеному матеріалі особлива увага приділяється логіці побудови структури нейронних мереж, які орієнтовані на виділення ознак диференціації оптичних спектрів різних хімічних елементів. Розглянутий матеріал передбачає дослідження ефективності запропонованих структур нейронних мереж на основі реалізації їх навчання методом градієнтного спуску. Автори розглядають особливості застосування нейронних мереж для розпізнавання оптичних спектрів і в методичній площині, а саме для створення відповідного відділення чи центру в закладах вищої освіти України, де виконуються дослідницькі роботи і лабораторний практикум зі спектрального аналізу і спектроскопії. Створений у такий спосіб практикум передбачає ознайомлення студентів з основами спектроскопії, виконання серії важливих робіт у цій галузі діяльності людини та з таким потужним сучасним дослідницьким інструментом, яким є штучний інтелект у вигляді штучної нейронної мережі з елементами програмування на основі Python, та їх впровадженням у навчальний фізичний експеримент. Аналізується робота з лабораторного практикуму на основі використання моделі штучної нейронної мережі, який дає студентам елементарні уявлення про будову і дію цієї моделі та можливості реалізації її в ході дослідження спектроскопічних закономірностей оптичного діапазону, а також можливості створення на їх основі відділення чи центру для вивчення основ спектрального аналізу і спектроскопії в умовах закладу вищої освіти України. Запропоновано лабораторну роботу, яка передбачає вивчення методів автоматичної класифікації експериментальних даних на прикладі розпізнавання оптичних спектрів гелію та неону.
Flatline: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Education to Increase Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Dobson John A. , Dobson Lisa T. , Llorente Portillo Carolina
Published: October 2024

Entrepreneurship is a fundamental driver of economic development, critical for poverty reduction and for sustainable development. However, entrepreneurship education (EE) growth has occurred without a corresponding increase in students engaging in entrepreneurship. This research contributes to the gap in the literature on understanding how to develop entrepreneurs by examining the impact of EE on students’ entrepreneurial intention. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, we evaluated changes in students’ intentions to become entrepreneurs after taking a hypothetical-based course in five universities in five countries. We found a flatline of entrepreneurial intention across all schools. EE had no positive impact on student intention to become an entrepreneur after taking an entrepreneurship course. This research provides more effective options for EE. Problem-based approaches, relying on concrete experiences, better align how entrepreneurs learn to be entrepreneurs. This is the first study that analyzes the impact of EE on entrepreneurial intention comparing different countries using similar hypothetical-based assignments, identifying the misalignment of how entrepreneurs learn and how EE is commonly taught.
The Return Journey: A Multivariate Analysis of Covid-19 Related Academic Pitfalls in Post-Secondary Business Education
Authors: Ezell Derek , Bishop Patrick , Walker Sean
Published: October 2024

Online instruction is not new and has not been such for over two decades. Despite this, it still presents challenges for faculty and students alike. Specifically, many faculty and students avoid online instruction because it does not fit their teaching or learning styles. A problem then occurs when this instructional methodology cannot be avoided. The current work looks at online instruction from before, during, and after COVID-19 (i.e., when faculty and students were not necessarily given a choice on the delivery of instruction) to assess any instructional quality gaps during this period. The results significantly impact a student’s classroom performance (i.e., grades earned) based on several factors. Results and future research are discussed.
Exploring the Stressors and Coping Mechanisms of Chinese University Instructors Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Qi Tianjiao , Zhang Mengzhong
Published: October 2024

This study explores the pressures and challenges Chinese university instructors face during the rapid shift to online teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a quantitative research methodology, the study employed a questionnaire distributed via the Qualtrics platform to gather data from instructors at over 20 top-tier Chinese universities. The results of the correlation analysis of the data show that personal factors significantly influence instructors’ stress levels and coping strategies. The study underscores the need for enhanced technical training, psychological support, and improved online teaching resources. These insights inform educational reforms and support measures to enhance instructors’ well-being and teaching quality in an evolving educational landscape.
Enlightenment in the Learning Process? Aha Moments and Threshold Concepts as Effective Practical References in Higher Education Teaching
Authors: Dindas Henrik
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the role and impact of Aha moments and Threshold Concepts in higher education, focusing on their practical implementation through a case study. Aha moments—sudden insights during learning—are pivotal in grasping complex ideas, fostering deeper understanding and motivation. The integration of real professional experiences into the curriculum is shown to enhance student motivation and improve the application of theoretical knowledge. Positive feedback highlights the effectiveness of this approach, emphasizing the importance of practice-oriented, experiential learning. The paper argues that strategically fostering Aha moments can deepen students’ grasp of Threshold Concepts, leading to greater student satisfaction and better preparation for professional challenges, while also contributing to educational quality and employability.
Bridging Between High School and University: Assessment of Students’ Readiness to First-Year Engineering Programs
Authors: Yu Shuai , Essiomle Komla , Carey Jason , ElAtia Samira
Published: October 2024

This descriptive case study uses self-assessment tools to explore 26 prospective students’ preparedness regarding their knowledge and competencies for entering the first year of engineering programs at a large, research-intensive Canadian university. We aim to provide insight for developing the Brigde2Engg (B2E) Program to empower and support students in their transition to university. Applying Conley’s college readiness model as a theoretical framework, findings from this study reveal that most students appear confident about their knowledge and skill preparedness for the first-year engineering programs, including their critical thinking abilities, problem-solving skills, and understanding of engineering professions. However, they are less confident in physics and the use of engineering tools. Therefore, we suggest that, when they choose to participate in the bridging program, these students should focus mainly on the subject they deem inadequate. Results also show that an introduction to engineering tools is essential to familiarize students with the programming and spreadsheet software they will use throughout their university programs.
Cafecitos as a Conduit for Latinx Family Engagement Through Community Cultural Wealth
Authors: Espinoza Katherine , Garza Melissa A.
Published: October 2024

This critical ethnography presents findings from a two-year-long study of Latinx family engagement using cafecitos in a dual-language elementary school. Using ethnographic approaches to data collection and analysis, the researchers analyzed how to implement cafecito monthly meetings with parents that focused on engagement approaches and arts integration surrounding a community cultural wealth model. Findings revealed a correlation between positive family and student identity development because of the integration of community members as experts within the cafecitos. We share recommendations for using cafecitos as a tool for parental engagement to create a more inclusive, supportive, and culturally responsive environment that benefits students and their families.
Cannabis Licensing and Municipal Revenues
Authors: Martinez José , Prager Fynnwin , Brodmann Jennifer , Munsen Catherine , Fisher Azure
Published: October 2024

Municipal license policy has shaped the early roll-out and business outcomes of Proposition 64. Several stakeholders identify license availability as a key constraint to future cannabis market growth in California. Recent studies explore local cannabis licensing policy; however, key questions remain around municipal revenues, business location, and the role of supporting cannabis business ownership. Our paper explores the impacts of cannabis licensing on business locations and municipal taxable revenues. We use publicly-available Department of Cannabis Control licensing data to examine business locations using GIS analysis, conduct a regression analysis of city-level licenses and Department of Tax and Fee Administration revenues across California, and forecast potential municipal taxable revenues in South Bay Los Angeles. We find that licensed cannabis businesses appear to develop in Los Angeles County and are located close to borders of cities not issuing licenses, in areas of favorable zoning, in densely populated locations, and areas with higher poverty and minority populations. Our regression analysis suggests that city population drives municipal taxable revenue, indicating that business follows demand.
Reflections on Creative Recruiting Solutions to the Nationwide Nursing Shortage
Authors: Shepherd Ethan H. , Shepherd Ian J. , Vardiman Phil
Published: October 2024

There is possibly no nobler profession than the field of nursing. An individual selflessly cares for another human being, working long hours for little pay. With the aging population in the United States, there has been a shortage of nurses that can effectively meet the needs of patients. Hospitals are developing new incentives to attract and retain top talent. This paper will review relevant literature on the nationwide nursing shortage. It will show that this is not a new phenomenon, unique only to the United States. We will compare recruiting strategies from the past and develop best practices for recruiting and retention in today’s competitive market. An applicable hiring model will be presented.
THE EFFECT OF PEER EDUCATION ON SLEEP HYGIENE ON SLEEP QUALITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS LIVING IN DORMITORIES
Authors: Kara Yasin , Ayçiçek İlayda , Taşkın Yılmaz Feride
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to examine the effect of peer education on sleep hygiene sleep quality and psychological resilience in university students living in dormitories. In the study, a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group was used. 240 university students staying at Akyazı Credit and Dormitories Institution in Akyazı district of Sakarya province participated in the study. Half of the students (n=120) formed the intervention group and the other half (n=120) formed the control group. Before the study, 20 students were given sleep hygiene training by the research team. The training group provided peer education to the intervention group on sleep hygiene. No intervention was made in the control group. Student diagnostic form, Sleep Hygiene Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale were used as data collection tools. There was no statistically significant difference between the Sleep Hygiene Index and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale score averages of the intervention and control group students included in the study at the beginning and the last interview (p>0.05). However, it was determined that there was an improvement in the sleep hygiene and psychological resilience levels of the students in the intervention group (p0.05). In addition, it was determined that the intervention group had a significant improvement in subjective sleep quality and sleep latency, which are sub-dimensions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (p
THE ROLES OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSES IN THE SOCIAL REHABILITATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS
Authors: Güleşen Gülten , Dikeç Gül
Published: October 2024

Social rehabilitation in addiction is an essential part of mental health services provided to individuals with substance use disorders. This concept refers to combining various activities to increase individuals' ability to reintegrate into society. The rehabilitation process is aimed at supporting individuals with substance use disorders, improving their problem-solving skills, and increasing their social adaptation. These services are often provided by organizations that offer addiction treatment and rehabilitation. These institutions operate in hospital environments, and a multidisciplinary team provides treatment services. Psychiatric nurses are part of the treatment team, play an active role in observation and communication, and spend the most time with the individuals. Examining the roles of psychiatric nurses in this field is critical in terms of the treatment and systemic organization of individuals with substance use disorders. Therefore, in this article, the responsibilities of psychiatric nurses who play an active role in the social rehabilitation of individuals with substance use disorders will be reviewed.
Tanggungjawab Terhadap Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di Madrasah
Authors: Nurhamidin Candra Puspitas , Yahiji Kasim
Published: October 2024

This research aims to examine the responsibility for implementing the independent learning curriculum in educational units in madrasah. This research is research that uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in this research using literature studies originating from books, articles and journals that discuss the independent learning curriculum theory. The results of this research show that the Independent Curriculum is an educational concept that provides teachers with greater freedom and autonomy in designing and implementing learning. The Merdeka Curriculum frees teachers from a curriculum that is too rigid and provides flexibility in determining teaching methods, lesson materials and assessments. Learning is carried out in accordance with the diversity of students, the development of talents and interests, and the needs of students. The role and responsibilities of the madrasa head is the main supporter in making policies within the smallest scope, namely the madrasa. Teachers play an important role in implementing the Independent Curriculum in achieving madrasah goals. Teachers are a key factor in implementing the curriculum and providing meaningful learning experiences for students, therefore, there is a need for continuous professional training and development so that teachers have a deep understanding of the curriculum, effective learning methods, and the ability to manage the classroom well.
Underwater Cultural Heritage in the Strait of Gibraltar: A State of the Art
Authors: Rubio Soledad
Published: October 2024

The PhD thesis on which this paper is framed is a study of the nautical aspects of the Strait of Gibraltar from the perspective of underwater archaeology, taking as a basis for the analysis its underwater cultural heritage. Therefore, our first objective is to identify the submerged archaeological evidence in these waters, where the first task is the preliminary research presented in this paper, a state of the art developed by consulting the available literature and documentation regarding previous studies, archaeological activities, artefacts of underwater provenance analysis and news about chance finds.
Gölbaşı Havzası’nda Arazi Kullanımının Zamansal (1984-2020) Değişimi, Adıyaman/Türkiye
Authors: Sandıkçıoğlu Merve , Uzun Ali
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada Gölbaşı Havzası’nın arazi kullanımındaki alansal ve zamansal (1984-2020) değişimleri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla arazi çalışmaları ve görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş, çalışmada kullanılan veriler kurumlardan ve internet sitelerinden temin edilmiştir. Arazi kullanımındaki değişimler ArcGIS 10.3.1 ve ENVI 5.2 yazılımları kullanılarak Landsat 5, 7 ve 8 verilerinin kontrollü sınıflandırılması ile değerlendirilmiştir. Havzada 42.686 kişiden oluşan nüfusun %79,6’sı ilçe merkezinde yaşamaktadır. Sahada başlıca ekonomik faaliyet tarım ve hayvancılık olup en fazla alan kaplayan arazi sınıfını tarım alanları oluşturmaktadır. Doğal ortam bu arazi kullanımından yoğun olarak etkilenmiştir. Sahada arazi kullanımı ve tarım ürünü deseninde değişimler olmuştur. Bunlardan 36 yılda en fazla beşeri alanlar (6 km2) artmıştır. Havzada tarım alanları, çıplak alanlar, göl ve turbalık alanlarda ise daralma gerçekleşmiştir. Tarım alanları yaklaşık 8,5 km2 azalmıştır. Değişim oranları dikkate alındığında en fazla daralma çıplak alanlar (%32) ve turbalık alanlarda (%29) görülmüştür. Çalışmanın tarımsal ürün planlaması, havza yönetimi konusunda ilgili kurumlara katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Türkçeyi Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğrenen Öğrencilerin Akademik Yazma Sorunları: Öğrenci Görüşleri Üzerinden Bir Araştırma
Authors: Ayyıldız Çifçi Hilal , Temizyürek Fahri
Published: October 2024

Akademik yazma, dilde üst düzey yetkinlik gerektirmekte ve özellikle hedef dilin konuşulduğu ülkede eğitim almak amacıyla dil öğrenenler için hayati bir önem taşımaktadır. Akademik yazma hem dilin etkili ve hatasız kullanımını gerektirmesi hem de diğer yazı türlerine göre çok daha çeşitli süreci içinde barındırması sebebiyle oldukça zorlu bir beceri alanıdır. Nitekim Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenlerin çoğunluğu akademik yazmayı en zorlandıkları dilsel faaliyet olarak tanımlamaktadır. Konuyla ilgili akademik çalışmaların tamamı; öğrencilerin akademik yazmada oldukça zorlandıklarını ve yeterli düzeyde gelişme kaydedemediklerini ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin görüşleri üzerinden söz konusu zorluğun gerekçelerinin tespit edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen öğrencilerin akademik yazma becerilerinin yeterli düzeyde gelişmemesinin sebepleri TÖMER’lerden mezun olmuş ve Türkiye’de eğitimlerine devam eden lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencilerinin görüşleri üzerinden belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılan bu çalışmada veriler, yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Buradan hareketle akademik yazma sorunları 5 ana tema altında sınıflandırılmıştır: akademik Türkçe derslerine erişimle ilgili sorunlar, öğretimle ilgili sorunlar, akademik yazma becerisiyle ilgili sorunlar, öğrenci kaynaklı sorunlar, öğretici kaynaklı sorunlar. Ayrıca öğrencilerin bu sorunlara yönelik kendi tecrübe ve gözlemleri sonucunda belirledikleri çözüm önerileri de çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın, alanyazında ittifak edilen bir konuya ilişkin farklı bir perspektif sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Analysis of Studies Based on Türkiye Examining the Relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Meta Synthesis Study
Authors: Tunç Zeynep , Baş Özlem
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence is defined as human-made systems that mimic the thinking, perception, and learning abilities of the human brain, using the information they gather and having the ability to improve themselves. With the changes and developments in the field of technology, the use of artificial intelligence has also expanded. The increasing popularity of artificial intelligence in the field of education has led to a rise in research on this topic. This paper aims to synthesize the existing literature on the applications of artificial intelligence in education within a specific time frame and to develop a holistic perspective. In the paper, 20 studies written in the last five years on artificial intelligence and education were examined using the metasynthesis method. The research question is defined as: "What trends exist in academic research on artificial intelligence and education conducted in Turkey over the past five years?" The data source for the research was determined using the criterion sampling method. For this purpose, a detailed search was conducted in databases such as Google Scholar, Academia, TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, and Dergipark using the keyword "artificial intelligence and education." As a result of the analyses, it was found that while the study emphasizes the contributions of artificial intelligence to the field of education, there are also some concerns on the subject. The contributions of artificial intelligence, particularly in terms of providing personalized learning experiences, saving time, and improving student performance, were highlighted, but concerns were raised regarding data privacy and the ethical principles in the use of artificial intelligence. Additionally, it was found that there are educational and developmental needs for artificial intelligence users.
New Approaches in the Assessment of Pre-Service Teachers' Scientific Research Skills: Multidimensional-Many Facet Rasch Model Application
Authors: Koyuncu Mahmut Sami , Şata Mehmet
Published: October 2024

This survey study aimed to determine pre-service teachers’ skills in conducting and presenting scientific research process and to examine their peer-scoring behaviors. The participants consisted of 36 pre-service teachers and seven peer raters. The analytical rubric developed by the researchers and the performance task were used to collect data. The multidimensional many-facet Rasch measurement model was employed in data analysis. Rasch analysis was carried out with a fully crossed design. The analyses revealed that the least difficult criterion in the dimension of conducting the scientific research process was to perform data analysis while the most challenging criterion was to determine the research model and sample. In addition, the least difficult criterion in the dimension of making an oral presentation was to ensure the interest and participation of the audience, while the most challenging criterion was to make an effective start. The analysis of the rater facet demonstrated that the most severity rater was R3, while the most leniency rater was R4. The study argues that the multidimensional many-facet Rasch model can be used to present reliability and validity evidence in multidimensional performance evaluations.
SOSYAL HİZMET KAPSAMINDA AFET OKURYAZARLIĞININ ÖNEMİ
Authors: Dalmaz Merve
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma, sosyal hizmet kapsamında afet okuryazarlığının önemini ele almaktadır. Afet okuryazarlığı, bireylerin ve toplumların afetlere hazırlıklı olma, afet anında ve sonrasında etkili müdahale edebilme yetkinliklerini artırmayı hedefleyen bir kavramdır. Sosyal hizmet uzmanları, afet süreçlerinde özellikle savunmasız grupların ihtiyaçlarına yönelik hizmetlerin planlanması ve uygulanmasında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırma, afet öncesi, sırası ve sonrasındaki sosyal hizmet müdahaleleri ile afet okuryazarlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemekte ve sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının afet süreçlerinde sahip olmaları gereken bilgi ve becerilere dikkat çekmektedir. Sonuçlar, afet okuryazarlığının toplum genelinde yaygınlaştırılmasının afet yönetimi süreçlerini iyileştirdiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının afet hazırlığı ve müdahale süreçlerinde daha etkin olabilmesi için eğitim müfredatlarının afet okuryazarlığına yönelik içeriklerle zenginleştirilmesi önerilmektedir. Afet sonrası iyileşme süreçlerinde sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının liderlik rollerini üstlenmesi ve sürdürülebilir toplum gelişimi için stratejik çözümler üretmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.
The role of neuropeptides in cutaneous wound healing: a focus on mechanisms and neuropeptide-derived treatments
Authors: Xing Liwei , Chen Bing , Qin Yuliang , Li Xinyao , Zhou Sitong , Yuan Kai , Zhao Rong , Qin Dongdong
Published: October 2024

An extensive network of cutaneous nerves, neuropeptides, and specific receptors richly innervates the skin and influences a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The sensory and autonomic nerve fibers secrete a variety of neuropeptides that are essential to the different phases of wound healing. In addition to initiating a neurogenic inflammatory response in the early stages of healing, neuropeptides also control wound healing by influencing immune cells, repair cells, and the growth factor network. However, the precise mechanism by which they accomplish these roles in the context of cutaneous wound healing is still unknown. Investigating the mechanisms of action of neuropeptides in wound healing and potential therapeutic applications is therefore urgently necessary. The present review discusses the process of wound healing, types of neuropeptides, potential mechanisms underlying the role of neuropeptides in cutaneous wound healing, as well as some neuropeptide-derived treatment strategies, such as hydrogels, new dressings, electro stimulation, and skin-derived precursors. Future in-depth mechanistic studies of neuropeptides in cutaneous wound healing may provide opportunities to develop therapeutic technologies that harness the roles of neuropeptides in the wound healing process.
Predicting an opaque bubble layer during small-incision lenticule extraction surgery based on deep learning
Authors: Zhu Zeyu , Zhang Xiang , Wang Qing , Xiong Jian , Xu Jingjing , Yu Kang , Guo Zheliang , Xu Shaoyang , Wang Mingyan , Yu Yifeng
Published: October 2024

Aim

This study aimed to predict the formation of OBL during femtosecond laser SMILE surgery by employing deep learning technology.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted at a university hospital. Surgical videos were randomly divided into a training (3,271 patches, 73.64%), validation (704 patches, 15.85%), and internal verification set (467 patches, 10.51%). An artificial intelligence (AI) model was developed using a SENet-based residual regression deep neural network. Model performance was assessed using the mean absolute error (EMA), Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), and determination coefficient (R2).

Results

Four distinct types of deep neural network models were established. The modified deep residual neural network prediction model with channel attention built on the PyTorch framework demonstrated the best predictive performance. The predicted OBL area values correlated well with the Photoshop-based measurements (EMA = 0.253, r = 0.831, R2 = 0.676). The ResNet (EMA = 0.259, r = 0.798, R2 = 0.631) and Vgg19 models (EMA = 0.31, r = 0.758, R2 = 0.559) both displayed satisfactory predictive performance, while the U-net model (EMA = 0.605, r = 0.331, R2 = 0.171) performed poorest.

Conclusion

We used a panoramic corneal image obtained before the SMILE laser scan to create a unique deep residual neural network prediction model to predict OBL formation during SMILE surgery. This model demonstrated exceptional predictive power, suggesting its clinical applicability across a broad field.
Addressing the Anthropocene from the Global South: integrating paleoecology, archaeology and traditional knowledge for COP engagement
Authors:   ECHOES, Zuccarelli Freire Verónica , Ziegler Michael J. , Caetano-Andrade Victor , Iminjili Victor , Lellau Rebecca , Stokes Freg , Rudd Rachel C. , Heberle Viegas Danielle , Maezumi S. Yoshi , Jha Gopesh , Antonosyan Mariya , Jha Deepak Kumar , Winkelmann Ricarda , Roberts Patrick , Furquim Laura ,   ECHOES
Published: October 2024

The triple planetary crisis of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss necessitates more holistic, comprehensive, and integrated public policy approaches. Within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, this crisis highlights significant conflicts over forms of knowledge and conceptualization, affecting how international policies are formed. Indigenous knowledge systems have become increasingly acknowledged for their vital role in addressing the challenges of the Anthropocene. Conferences of the Parties institutions like the International Indigenous Peoples Forum on Climate Change emphasize the critical, although not always recognized, importance of Indigenous territories, which contain eighty percent of the world’s biodiversity. Here, we show that research in paleoecology, archaeology and history demonstrates the long-term significance of traditional knowledge and Indigenous land management practices for contemporary ecosystem dynamics. Drawing from these varied studies and perspectives also reveal the socio-economic inequalities resulting from centuries of European colonialism. We showcase three case studies on; (i) pastoralism in eastern Africa, (ii) natural resource management in southeast Asia and (iii) adaptation to sea level rise in the Caribbean, which touch upon highly diverse human resilience strategies across space and time. Despite efforts at the COP28 to accelerate climate action and incorporate diverse knowledge systems, significant challenges remain. The need for a pluralistic knowledge, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach, blending scientific language with artistic and narrative forms, is proposed as critical for fostering effective communication and developing more effective and equitable solutions for global environmental governance.
Data based individualization in early writing: the importance and measurement of implementation fidelity
Authors: Lembke Erica S. , McMaster Kristen L. , Duesenberg-Marshall McKinzie D. , McCollom Elizabeth , Choi Seohyeon , Shanahan Emma , An Jechun , Sussman-Dawson Katya , Birinci Seyma
Published: October 2024

In this paper we describe the process of monitoring fidelity of implementation for a teacher-implemented early writing intervention. As part of a large, federally funded project, teachers who worked with students in grades 1 through 3 in schools across two states in the US were recruited and then randomly assigned to implementation and control conditions. Using Data-Based Individualization (DBI) as a framework for best practice in assessment and intervention, teachers in the implementation group received professional development on early writing intervention and assessment and then implemented these practices with their students who had significant writing challenges. Coaches, who were part of the research project, supported teachers and also observed teachers in both the implementation and control conditions at least twice during the course of the 20-week study. This paper focuses on the results of the fidelity measures that were administered throughout the project. An overview of the importance of fidelity checks is followed by a description of the fidelity tools used, as well as data from those tools. Areas of strength and challenge for teachers when implementing early writing assessment and intervention and engaging in data-based decision making with fidelity are discussed, along with recommendations regarding the practical and research importance of fidelity checks.