bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tort Justice Reform
Authors: Stern Paul
Published: March 2022

This Article calls for a comprehensive reform of public tort law with respect to law enforcement conduct. It articulates an effective and equitable remedial regime that reconciles the aspirational goals of public tort law with the practical realities of devising payment and disciplinary procedures that are responsive to tort settlements and judgments. This proposed statutory scheme seeks to deter law enforcement misconduct without disincentivizing prudent officers from performing their duties or overburdening them with extensive litigation. Rather than lamenting the dissolution of Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics or the insurmountability of qualified immunity, reform advocates should acknowledge that the very distinction between constitutional and common-law torts is arbitrary for purposes of individual officer deterrence and accountability. By examining the relationship between Fourth Amendment excessive force jurisprudence and the common-law torts of assault, battery, and negligence, this Article highlights that the analytical distinction between those legal doctrines imposes an improper demarcation for civil liability. If law enforcement agencies concern themselves solely with the constitutionality of their employees’ conduct, training concentrates on the instant moment in which deadly force is used without substantial reflection on the conduct, including antecedent negligence, that led to the confrontation. At the same time, whether an officer can be held personally accountable should not be based on the intentionality of the conduct; rather, the reprehensibleness of the conduct is a more appropriate benchmark for individual liability. By acknowledging that tort law addresses various types of law enforcement activity that do not necessarily rise to the level of constitutional or criminal infractions, legislative bodies can begin conceptualizing public tort law as an important component of criminal justice reform. But to do so, we need tort justice reform.
Blurred Lines: What Is Extremism?
Authors: Williford Anna
Published: March 2022

The Michigan Journal of Law Reform Symposium, Alt-Association: The Role of Law in Combating Extremism (“the Symposium”), attempted to address the question of defining extremism. The Symposium aimed to provide a platform for filtering through the participants’ pre-conceived notions around extremism in order to challenge misconceptions about those labeled “extremist.” This word has been used time and time again in conversation, research, and even this paper without a concreate definition behind it. At the start of the Symposium, participants were asked to define extremism in their own words. The definitions produced were eye opening. For example, extremism was thought to be “ideas outside the established acceptable norms,” “an unwillingness to listen to an opposing point of view,” and “violence backed by ideology.” These definitions reflect a lot of our individual thoughts and how we live our everyday lives.

Through this exercise and throughout the day, it became clear that, assuming the law should regulate extremism, the road to implementation is complicated not only because of the protections under the First Amendment, but also the effects of mislabeling individuals or groups as “extremist.” In the end, progress can only come by being intentional with the language being used.
Interview with Khaled Beydoun
Authors: Beydoun Khaled , Mozeihem Nina , Bagenstos Samuel
Published: March 2022

The following is a transcription of an interview with Professor Khaled Beydoun, conducted at the University of Michigan Law School on March 15, 2019. The transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.
Investigación evaluativa Plan Sectorial de Educación “Hacia una Ciudad Educadora” 2016-2020 y textos complementarios
Authors: Palacio Castañeda Jorge Alberto , Vargas Álvarez Lina María , Ángel Pardo Catalina , Caballero Sanchez Javier , Rodríguez Gloria Inés , Londoño Cancelado Adriana , Melguizo María Clara
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo corresponde al estudio desarrollado en la quinta fase del Sistema de seguimiento a la Política Educativa Distrital en los contextos escolares (SISPED) que consistió en una evaluación general de las principales acciones de la política propuesta en el PSE “Hacia una Ciudad Educadora” 2016-2020 para establecer líneas de continuidad y/o divergencia para los proyectos del nuevo plan, con base en entrevistas y grupos focales con personas (funcionarias, contratistas, directivas docentes, docentes y directivas locales), o bien conocedoras del diseño y/o la ejecución de las acciones, o bien observadoras críticas de tales acciones.
Komunikasi Resolusi Intoleransi Beragama Di Media Sosial
Authors: Praselanova Reiza
Published: March 2022

Media Sosial telah menjadi sangat berpengaruh bagi kehidupan sosial. Penggunaannya tidak lagi sekedar untuk berinteraksi sosial tapi sangat efektif untuk menyebarkan pemahaman tertentu. Media sosial telah menjangkau masyarakat luas sampai pelosok desa. Keanekaragaman latar belakang budaya dan agama pengguna media sosial tidakm hanya masyarakat Indonesia bahkan bangsa darin negara lain. Keanekaragaman ini berpotensi terjadinya intoleransi dan menimbulkan konflik. Isu agama yang paling sensitive sehingga mudah menimbulkan perdebatan dan ujaran kebencian terhadap umat agama lain di media sosial. Komunikasi resolusi dibutuhkan untuk menangani banyaknya kasus intoleransi beragama di media sosial.
PENGARUH DIGITAL STORY TELLING SEBAGAI WHATSAPP STORY EFESIENSI PENINGKATAN DAKWAH
Authors: Reiza Praselanova  , M.Ayub Syafii
Published: March 2022

Abstrak

Fokus penelitian untuk mengetahui efisiensi penggunaan whatsApp Story penyampaian dakwah di jamaah Persyadha Surabaya. Tujuan dan pengunaan         dari  penelitian ini strategi komunikasi yang digunakan dalam penyampaian materi dakwah. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data studi pustaka dan studi lapangan kuisioner (pengedaran angket).
DALWA SYARI'AH HOTEL COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF SERVICE TO GUESTS
Authors: Mochammad Arkansyah  , Mohammad Hamzah  , M. Nashoihul Ibad
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The principle of the shari'ah era is now one of the innovations in the hospitality business. This principle of shari'ah can be used as a characteristic of a hotel, the development of a hotel based on shari'ah has not become a fairly popular business but it is believed that the development of this shari'ah-based hotel will experience a fairly drastic increase due to the current level of awareness of shari'ah. The purpose of this study is to describe how the communication strategy used by Hotel Dalwa Syari'ah in improving the quality of service to its guests and how the forms of communication used by Hotel Dalwa Syari'ah. In addition to answering the problem, this writing uses descriptive methods of analysis. Which is a procedure as research produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from observable people and behaviors. The subject of this study is the relationship of Hotel Dalwa Shari'ah Bangil, Pasuruan. While the object of this research is the Strategy of Communication Hotel Dalwa Syari'ah in building image.
DIGITAL STRATEGY OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION MEDIA ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: E Rizky Wulandari  , M. Nashoihul Ibad
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This research study is used to find out the political communication strategies used in today's media era with the presence of digital media. Mastery of digital media is the latest technology needed in changing society. Social media is becoming a media that is more used by legislative candidates because it has a targeted impact on prospective voters who are desired by political candidates. Communication strategies carried out to successfully communicate politics require several related strategies, either directly or using approaches through social media. This research method uses qualitative approaches and case study methods.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of keeping record of goods exchange operations at transfer prices
Authors: Kononov Igor
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is the development of organizational and methodological tools of keeping record of goods exchange operations at transfer prices. The article studies peculiarities of business operations accounting and preparation of financial reports with the glance to differences in record keeping systems of different countries in order to establish effective data exchange between accounting services of the companies involved in foreign economic activity. It was proven that the use of transfer pricing has a considerable effect on labor intensity of record keeping operations and complicates the process of establishment of record keeping system, requiring increase in the accounting department staff and additional financial and material costs. The main steps of development of an effective information system for keeping record of FEA operations at transfer prices have been identified. Functional and technical requirements, algorithm of information system operation, including requirements to the main data sources, composition of directories for determination of comparative prices, statistical data have been developed and described. The sequence of comparative analysis for determination of compatibility of companies and business operations has been developed. A documentogram for keeping record of goods (works, services) at transfer prices for trade enterprises has been developed. It was proposed to perform transfer pricing control, take operative decisions to enhance its effectiveness and productivity, systematize the contents, to order its structure and document routes using the documentogram. Multisegment analytical breakdowns for building working chart of accounts for keeping record of business operations at transfer prices.
The phenomenon of succession in a family business
Authors: Kęsy Izabella , Kęsy Marcin
Published: March 2022

The article refers to an important issue concerning family businesses, which is succession. Often in family companies there is a problem related to continuation of business activities by next generations. What can be the reason for it? Certainly one of the most important is the lack of long-term, strategic approach to the succession issue. Company founders are so absorbed in managing the company that they do not notice the passing of time, do not want to notice that their descendants have the potential to continue the family saga. However, subconsciously they do not want this, they belittle the competence of potential successors, and when it comes to the moment of succession, the problem arises: Who? When? How? These are questions which every business owner must answer. If he does it earlier, he has a chance to achieve success. Acting too late brings him closer to failure, which means liquidation of the company or the least punishment for inaction will be a decrease in the company's efficiency and, consequently, its financial profitability. Planned succession is a process, which is carried out over several years in the company, is a positively creative factor, which strengthens the organizational efficiency of the company, but above all influences the right organics in the company, which cause the right proportions and naturalness in this difficult period of "taking over the company" by the next generation.
Digital economy: essence, approaches, elements, transformation
Authors: Volkova Yekaterina
Published: March 2022

In the scientific sense, the "Digital Economy" means different areas and types of activities and, thus, different criteria are embedded in this concept. Many approaches to the definition of "Digital Economy" combine a number of distinctive features: self-management of production processes; communication between machinery; close connection of production processes with the use of the latest in-formation and communication technology; the use of computer programs for the preparation and adoption of management decisions; apparent horizontal and vertical communications between various processes. Signs of the digital economy include: the role of social networks in formation of consumers' opinions about a product (service), the emergence of new technologies that allow the use of collective intelligence, the collaborative consumption of material goods, doing business without warehouses and stocks, based on demand, the use of new licenses for the right to intellectual property, etc. The approach to the digital economy as a set of new opportunities and prospects for the innovative development of various areas based on the active use of information technologies in order to increase the economic efficiency of activities and business capitalization was substantiated. The research methodology is based on the use of both qualitative (comparative, content analysis, analogue and generalization methods) and quantitative scientific methods (the method for determining the integral indicator). The official data of the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus was the information base for the study.
Transparency in public life with particular emphasis on local government finance
Authors: Wolanin Marek
Published: March 2022

Transparency in public life is a value protected by law in Poland. The article refers in many places to the issue of transparency in the spending of public funds, and consequently building public confidence in public institutions and persons exercising public authority. In the presented material were discussed issues of guarantees that guard the transparency of public life, as well as information about the financial system and principles of operation of financial management in local government units, taking into account matters involving their openness and transparency. Transparency is a fundamental right to obtain information as a public good that is the public information resource. Readers are presented with the legal basis shaping the duties of public authorities, the state of implementation of principles set out in national and international legislation. Municipal self-government has inseparable connection with common property what naturally leads to the need of social control of activities to secure realization of collective public goals. This nature requires that they have the characteristics of transparency which allows, consequently, the possibility of accountability. The public sector that functions closest to the inhabitants are communal governments that carry out the biggest package of tasks of basic importance for the members of self-governmental communities.
Promising Indicators in Probiotic-recommendations in COVID-19 and its Accompanying Diseases
Authors: Tsaturyan Vardan , Kushugulova Almagul , Mirzabekyan Susanna , Sidamonidze Ketevan , Tsereteli David , Torok Tamas , Pepoyan Astghik
Published: March 2022

Scientific data suggests the possible beneficial role of probiotics in treatments for COVID-19, but the species/strains-specificity and disease-specificity of probiotics need high attention in choosing the appropriate probiotic in diseases, in particularly in the COVID-19. We hope this review will raise awareness of the COVID-19 probiotic recommendations, highlighting the latest scientific information about virus/hydrogen peroxide/probiotics and the importance of finding out of a specific “criterion” for the probiotics’ recommendation in this disease.
A Qualitative Study on the Perspectives of Adolescents on Early Marriage at Small Island in Indonesia
Authors: Suriah Suriah , Jilyana Jilyana , Yani Ahmad , Khoshab Hadi , Abdullah Muhammad Tahir
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Early marriage is subject to the loss of crucial moments in adolescence. Therefore, the current research focuses on how adolescents consider early marriage.

AIM: This study aimed to explore adolescents’ perspectives on small islands regarding early marriage.

METHOD: In this case, the perspective of eight adolescents as an actor and non-actor of early marriage and the influence of society on their perspectives was revealed using a phenomenological design. Domain analysis was used to explain facts of the sub-themes that appeared in the adolescent’s minds while responding to early marriage.

RESULTS: The results showed that some adolescents considered early marriage an obstacle to success, depriving them of opportunities to enjoy adolescence. Meanwhile, others argued that it saves them from promiscuity, a form of devotion to their parents, and an acceptance of social norms by communities in the archipelago.

CONCLUSIONS: The perspectives imply the need to form support groups such as adolescent role models, providers, parents, and community leaders that straighten their perspective on early marriage in island areas.
Forest Fire, Destruction, and Sanction: The Perspectives of Health and Law
Authors: Suciptoroso Agus , Sofyan Andi Muhammad , Sitorus Winner , Lahae Kahar
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The search for the ideal concept to eradicate crimes of forest fire and destruction cannot be separated from the sanctions for individual or corporate perpetrators, who fund and order for the forest to be burned and destroyed. It must also consider the health rights of the victims. Methods: This study uses the normative legal research method. Results and Discussion: There needs to be a clear concept in punishing corporations so that they refrain from undergoing similar criminal actions in the future. The court that handles the forest fire cases may and has the right to improvise by burdening the health treatment fees of those who suffer due to the forest fires to the perpetrators. Conclusion: The forest fire law enforcement system is not yet ideal as it cannot yet maximally punish corporations that burn forests. Neither has it considered the victims' health rights and their recovery
Enhancing DNA barcode reference libraries by harvesting terrestrial arthropods at the National Museum of Natural History
Authors: Santos Bernardo , Miller Meredith , Miklasevskaja Margarita , McKeown Jaclyn , Redmond Niamh , Coddington Jonathan , Bird Jessica , Miller Scott , Smith Ashton , Brady Seán , Buffington Matthew , Chamorro M. Lourdes , Dikow Torsten , Gates Michael , Goldstein Paul , Konstantinov Alexander , Kula Robert , Silverson Nicholas , Solis M. Alma , deWaard Stephanie , Naik Suresh , Nikolova Nadya , Pentinsaari Mikko , Prosser Sean , Sones Jayme , Zakharov Evgeny , deWaard Jeremy
Published: March 2022

The use of DNA barcoding has revolutionized biodiversity science, but its application depends on the existence of comprehensive and reliable reference libraries. For many poorly known taxa, such reference sequences are missing even at higher-level taxonomic scales. We harvested the collections of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History (USNM) to generate DNA barcoding sequences for genera of terrestrial arthropods previously not recorded in one or more major public sequence databases. Our workflow used a mix of Sanger and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approaches to maximize sequence recovery while ensuring affordable cost. In total, COI sequences were obtained for 5,686 specimens belonging to 3,888 genera and 202 families. Success rates varied widely according to collection data and focal taxon. NGS helped recover sequences of specimens that failed a previous run of Sanger sequencing. Success rates and the optimal balance between Sanger and NGS are the most important drivers to maximize output and minimize cost in future projects. The corresponding sequence and taxonomic data can be accessed through the Barcode of Life Data System, GenBank, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, the Global Genome Biodiversity Network Data Portal and the NMNH data portal.
DeepFlood: A deep learning based flood detection framework using feature-level fusion of multi-sensor remote sensing images
Authors: Jenifer A. Emily , Natarajan Sudha
Published: March 2022

Flooding is the most common natural disaster in many countries. Remote sensing images are very much useful in disaster monitoring. The different image modalities from different satellites provide varied information about the earth. The synergistic use of optical and radar data helps in precise flood detection. The central focus of this paper is to identify the flooded regions using a dual patch-based Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) for performing deep learning-based feature fusion. The learned features of FCNs trained independently with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Multispectral (MS) images are concatenated to represent the flooding better. A random forest classifier is employed to identify the flood from the fused features. The information retrieved is very much valuable in undertaking necessary rescue efforts in flood-affected areas. The proposed network shows superior performance in flood detection on the images from the SEN12-FLOOD dataset with an accuracy as high as 94.17%.
Probability-driven scoring functions in combining linear classifiers
Authors: Trajdos Pawel , Burduk Robert
Published: March 2022

Although linear classifiers are one of the oldest methods in machine learning, they are still very popular in the machine learning community. This is due to their low computational complexity and robustness to overfitting. Consequently, linear classifiers are often used as base classifiers of multiple ensemble classification systems. This research is aimed at building a new fusion method dedicated to the ensemble of linear classifiers. The fusion scheme uses both measurement space and geometrical space. Namely, we proposed a probability-driven scoring function which shape depends on the orientation of the decision hyperplanes generated by the base classifiers. The proposed fusion method is compared with the reference method using multiple benchmark datasets taken from the KEEL repository. The comparison is done using multiple quality criteria. The statistical analysis of the obtained results is also performed. The experimental study shows that, under certain conditions, some improvement may be obtained.
Can We Cure Atherosclerosis?
Authors: Robinson Jennifer G. , Davidson Michael H.
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular disease mortality rates have begun to rise in the United States. Based on the large body of supportive evidence, we propose a proof-of-concept, first-in-human trial to cure atherosclerosis: CURing Early ATHEROsclerosis (CURE ATHERO). This trial is based on a model of intensive induction therapy for extensive, if not complete, plaque regression, followed by intermittent maintenance therapy. An extensive body of evidence has demonstrated the causal role of apolipoprotein B lipoproteins in atherosclerosis progression and data suggest intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering may have a substantial impact on earlier stages of atherosclerosis. Compared with lifetime treatment to prevent atherosclerosis progression, this induction–intermittent treatment model will minimize costs and maximize adherence and safety.
L’impact de la COVID-19 sur la santé des enfants, groupe « protégé » de l’infection
Authors: Saurel-Cubizolles Marie-Josèphe , Aujard Yannick , Claudet Isabelle , Desbiolles Alice , Com-Ruelle Laure , Tilly Anne-Lise , Vandewalle Hélène , Lang Thierry
Published: March 2022

Objectif : L’article souligne qu’une épidémie virale et les stratégies pour y faire face 1) ont un impact majeur sur des groupes a priori épargnés par la maladie elle-même, ici les enfants, et 2) peuvent générer des problèmes sanitaires au-delà de la maladie et conduire à d’importantes difficultés sociales, économiques, scolaires et à un accroissement des inégalités sociales de santé. Méthode : Les observations présentées se fondent sur la littérature scientifique disponible au premier semestre 2020 et sur des auditions d’acteurs de terrain, d’experts, de responsables d’institutions, menées par un groupe du Haut Conseil de la Santé Publique réfléchissant à une politique globale et concertée pour la santé des enfants. Constats : La crise sanitaire et sa gestion ont retenti sur le développement des enfants et leur qualité de vie. Ces derniers ont été davantage exposés à la sédentarité, aux écrans, aux accidents domestiques, aux violences intrafamiliales. La fermeture des écoles et des lieux de loisirs a entraîné des difficultés scolaires, de socialisation, des atteintes au bien-être psychologique et à la santé mentale. Certains soins curatifs ou préventifs ont été différés. Ces effets se sont produits avec d’importantes inégalités sociales et territoriales. Conclusion : Toute gestion de crise sanitaire exige d’évaluer l’impact global de l’épidémie et des mesures proposées sur des indicateurs sanitaires, économiques, sociaux et scolaires. Cette crise montre la nécessité d’une politique de l’enfance coordonnée, ce qui n’est pas le cas actuellement en France.
Medication Identification Device to Reduce Medication Errors in Nursing Homes: A Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Vogelsmeier Amy , Jacobs Alan , Owen Carly , Mosa Abu Saleh Mohammad , Subramanian Ram
Published: March 2022

A controlled pilot study was performed to evaluate implementation of a medication identification device intended to reduce errors in nursing homes. Naïve observation was used for data collection of medication errors on an intervention unit using the device and a control unit, along with field notes describing observation details. Ten staff were observed administering medications to 70 residents over the study time-frame. Of the 9,099 medication administrations observed (
n
= 4,588 intervention;
n
= 4,511 control), 1,068 (12%) errors were identified. The intervention unit had fewer non-time errors versus the control unit, including dose (
n
= 21 vs.
n
= 59;
p
< 0.01), drug (
n
= 4 vs.
n
= 21;
p
<0.01), route (
n
= 0 vs.
n
= 4;
p
< 0.01), and given without order (
n
= 1 vs.
n
= 8;
p
< 0.01). However, time errors were higher on the intervention unit and were often due to late start and interruptions. Non-time errors were due to reliance on memory and nursing judgment. A combination of technology and staff dedicated solely to medication administration likely affected error rate differences. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 48
(4), 5–11.]
Extended incomplete Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operators and related special functions
Authors: Özarslan Mehmet Ali , Ustaoğlu Ceren
Published: March 2022

In this study, we introduce the extended incomplete versions of the Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional integral operators and investigate their analytical properties rigorously. More precisely, we investigate their transformation properties in $ L_{1} $ and $ L_{\infty} $ spaces, and we observe that the extended incomplete fractional calculus operators can be used in the analysis of a wider class of functions than the extended fractional calculus operator. Moreover, by considering the concept of analytical continuation, definitions for extended incomplete R-L fractional derivatives are given and therefore the full fractional calculus model has been completed for each complex order. Then the extended incomplete $ \tau $-Gauss, confluent and Appell's hypergeometric functions are introduced by means of the extended incomplete beta functions and some of their properties such as integral representations and their relations with the extended R-L fractional calculus has been given. As a particular advantage of the new fractional integral operators, some generating relations of linear and bilinear type for extended incomplete $ \tau $-hypergeometric functions have been derived.
Some integral inequalities in interval fractional calculus for left and right coordinated interval-valued functions
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , Zaini Hatim Ghazi , Macías-Díaz Jorge E. , Treanțǎ Savin , Soliman Mohamed S.
Published: March 2022

Integral inequalities play a crucial role in both theoretical and applied mathematics. Because of the relevance of these notions, we have discussed a new class of introduced generalized convex function called as coordinated left and right convex interval-valued function (coordinated LR-convex IVF) using the pseudo-order relation ($ {\le }_{p} $). On interval space, this order relation is defined. First, a pseudo-order relation is used to show Hermite-Hadamard type inequality (HH type inequality) for coordinated LR-convex IVF. Second for coordinated LR-convex IVF, Some HH type inequalities are also derived for the product of two coordinated LR-convex IVFs. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that our conclusions cover a broad range of new and well-known inequalities for coordinated LR-convex IVFs and their variant forms as special instances which are defined by Zhao et al. and Budak et al. Finally, we have shown that the inclusion relation "$ \supseteq $" confidents to the pseudo-order relation "$ {\le }_{p} $" for coordinated LR-convex IVFs. The concepts and methodologies presented in this study might serve as a springboard for additional research in this field, as well as a tool for investigating probability and optimization research, among other things.
ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF BUILDINGS USING ELECTROCHROMIC SMART WINDOWS WITH DIFFERENT WINDOW-WALL RATIOS
Authors: Xing Weiqi , Hao Jianli , Ma Wenting , Gong Guobin , Nizami Abdul-Sattar , Song Yu
Published: March 2022

The electrochromic (EC) smart window is a promising intelligent technology for improving the energy performance of a building. When applying a new glazing material, the window-wall ratio (WWR) is regarded as a significant factor related to daylight and building energy losses. However, there have not been any studies examining the relationship between the efficiency of the EC smart window and the WWR. The aim of this study is to provide strategies for mitigating energy losses and environmental impacts from window elements in an office building. It focuses on optimizing the WWR of EC smart windows to increase building energy efficiency. Double EC, low-emissivity (low-E), and clear glazing materials are simulated combined with five WWRs from 0% to 80% with an interval of 20%, four window orientations, and humid subtropical and Mediterranean climates. The results show that a 40% WWR in a southern-facing building façade using a humid subtropical climate setting provides the optimum energy performance of EC glazing among all the configurations tested. Since it was also found that EC glazing reduces the cooling load, it is more suitable for climate conditions characterized by a hotter temperature with greater solar irradiation. Future research should consider the impact of WWR when balancing thermal, lighting and ventilation requirements, and the properties of EC glazing.
RESPONSIVE KINETIC FAÇADE STRATEGY AND DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT ON SOLAR HEAT GAIN USING PARAMETRIC BIM-BASED ENERGY SIMULATION
Authors: Salah Fadi , Kayili Merve Tuna
Published: March 2022

This research investigates the potential of kinetic façade reinforcement strategy to reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings in a cold-dominated zone by lowering the cooling load with a mobile solar control system and effective solar control. In this context, a kinetic façade system was proposed for a public building with high transparency in Karabük, Turkey, and the fixed shading elements of the existing building were compared with solar heat gain. For the kinetic façade scenario, the study workflow was developed by a visual programming environment in a Building Information Modeling (BIM) application. The flexible movement of individual kinetic panels was determined by the kinetic panel opening factor and sun path. To determine the effect of typological differences on solar control in the kinetic facade system, horizontal kinetic folded panels and vertical kinetic folded panels were investigated. As a result, a reduction of up to 11.52% was found in solar heat gain during the highest solar radiation intensity days for the existing public building.
Phenomenology of COVID-19 and School Preparedness for Emergency Management in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Omoyemiju Adeniyi Michael
Published: March 2022

This study determined the level of school preparedness for emergency management in Osun State, Nigeria. It also examined the dimension of school preparedness for emergency management based on school ownership and identified the challenges militating against the effective emergency management in the state. The study sample consisted of 30 head-teachers and 150 teachers of primary schools in the state. With the use of a questionnaire on emergency preparedness for data collection, it was found that there was there was a slightly better level (51.1%) of emergency preparedness in public primary schools compared to private (48.9%). However, common challenges militating against effective emergency management were “inadequate facilities (RSI = 0.732),” “limited financial resources (RSI = 0.729),” and “lack of emergency management plan (RSI = 0.707).” The study concluded that efforts of school ownerships for the management of emergency such as COVID-19 are still lingering. Proactive policy frameworks and full implementation of emergency management are recommended for education policymakers.
Emerging Teacher Leadership
Authors: Lambrev Veselina S. , Kirova Anna
Published: March 2022

Using the case of Bulgarian Roma—Europe's largest, poorest, and most discriminated against group—this chapter examines how educational institutions and, more specifically, teachers can plan for and support marginalized Roma students during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting socioeconomic calamities. It identifies educator-initiated strategies to support Roma students' learning in times of a major health crisis that can be identified as emergent teacher leadership. The study found that participants went beyond their educator duties through a series of leadership practices, such as collaborative improvement of practice, nurturing a culture of success, and taking actions to break down barriers. The teachers described a complex picture of socioeconomic and digital gaps, showing that teacher leadership emerged during the pandemic as an approach to tackling structural problems such as poverty and discrimination through employing adaptive leadership.
Teaching English as a Second Language During Emergencies
Authors: Segell Glen
Published: March 2022

This chapter examines preparing teachers for managing emergencies. The emphasis is teachers of English as a Second Language, also known as English as a Foreign Language. The age group is early childhood education. A common thread is that the duration and frequency of emergencies determines development, standards, and emergency planning and implementation. The methodology is to examine some problems that the teachers face in emergencies that could be resolved with the objective of sharing best practice. These are addressed under the headings: “A Mindset for the Unexpected,” “Target Setting for the Desired and Desirable Structure,” “Pedagogical Expertise: Qualifying to Be a Teacher and a Savior,” “The Virtual Teacher but Not an Avatar,” “Sharing Best Practice One: Setting the Tone,” and “Sharing Best Practice Two: Syllabus and Curriculum.” The thesis that permeates through these sections is that teacher preparation of the lesson and so too preparation of the teacher to teach are linked to each other and to the quality of education.
The European Union's Proposed Artificial Intelligence Legislation and the Path Ahead for Asian Approaches to Artifical Intelligence
Authors: Bharti Charitarth
Published: March 2022

This chapter aims to analyse pathways for global legislative formulation on AI. Part 1 of the chapter seeks to chart and analyse the development of the proposed EU regulation itself and seek to create an understanding of the rationales, practical and theoretical, that underpin the legislation and its provisions. Part 2 of the chapter seeks to analyse the present practices of key multilateral discussion forums and Asian jurisdictions on the subject and the approaches adopted by them in policy and vision documents released by various regulators to analyse their similarity or otherwise with the approach espoused by the EU. Part 3 of the chapter expands on the process of how a human-centered approach goes from strategy to regulation and explores the path the world can take on the issue given the dynamic nature of the subject and the geopolitics at play involving the issue. This section is followed by a conclusion to the chapter on what can be derived about the state of AI ethics at the moment and what shape they can take insofar as becoming global norms in the years to come.
A Decade in Pixels
Authors: Vats Abhishek , Masoni Claudia
Published: March 2022

State surveillance is the act of using technology like sensors, social media analytics, predictive policy systems, etc. to store, monitor, and/or analyze information about the targeted individual. In the age of Big Data and AI State surveillance is an ad hoc practise. This chapter intends to inform the readers about the harmful ramifications of indiscriminate mass surveillance by Governments. This chapter sheds light on incidents like NSA Leak, Cambridge Analytica and the surveillance of Uyghur Muslims in China. This chapter also discusses the impact of mass surveillance and human rights violations and the resultant chilling effect. Finally, this chapter recommends that to regulate surveillance, universal regulations striking a balance between privacy rights and surveillance coupled with strong domestic laws could be instrumental in preserving human rights.
Coaching as a Method to Develop Soft Skills in Human Talent Management
Authors: Palao-Pons Pedro
Published: March 2022

Communication is essential in companies; however, many methodologies are imprecise and have low effectiveness. Coaching, as a communication system based on soft skills, offers resources and methodological tools to organizations, both their leaders and workers, to achieve better results in what they do. The objective of this chapter is to determine what coaching consists of, how this tool works, and to show some essential knowledge that may be of great interest to reinforce aspects of organizational leadership in team management. The chapter is complemented with highly effective and easy-to-practice resources, so the reader will have easy tools to implement in their business environment.
Work Happiness in the Sustainability of Organizations
Authors: Salazar Llanos Juan Francisco , Peña Romero Jaela
Published: March 2022

This chapter develops the theme of work happiness. First of all, the myths and frequent mistakes that are made when talking about this topic will be addressed. There are several investigations that have been developed in recent years about happiness at work, addressing it from different perspectives such as economic, philosophical, psychological, and also from management. Therefore, it is important to make a presentation of the main research and findings that have been found on work happiness. This will make it possible to explain the main theories and trends that help define this issue, to finally review which are the main applications in companies in recent years, and how this helps the sustainability of organizations.
Skin-Colour-Based Hand Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Singh Mangal , Tewari Ishan Vijay , Sheth Labdhi
Published: March 2022

People have been continuously mesmerized by the sci-fi notion of controlling things based on hand gestures. However, only a few ponder upon the working of these gesture-based systems. This chapter explains how these gesture-based systems generally use skin-colour-based hand segmentation techniques. This chapter sheds light on and explains various colour models, various methods to use these colour models and perform skin-colour-based hand segmentation, various real-life applications of segmenting areas using skin-colour with multiple examples of hand gesture recognition, as well as other applications where skin-colour based segmentation is used.
Applications of Hand Gesture Recognition
Authors: Sharma Hitesh Kumar , Choudhury Tanupriya
Published: March 2022

Hand gestures, as the name suggests, are different gestures made by the use of hands. Historically, hand gestures have been created to communicate with people who were unable to speak, but as new technologies have emerged, hand gestures have been used widely in different fields such as medicine, defense, IT industry. Hand gestures are being used to create TVs without remotes. Face recognition is also used to verify the user and to change channels, increase/decrease volume. To switch on or off the lights in the house, hand gesture recognition devices are being developed. Hand gesture recognition (HGR) is a natural kind of human-machine interaction that has been used in a variety of settings. In this chapter, the authors have described the application of HGR in various sectors. They have also explained the tools and techniques used for HGR.
Using Artificial Neural Network for System Education Eye Disease Recognition Web-Based
Authors: Rismayani Rismayani , Pineng Martina , Herlinda Herlinda
Published: March 2022

According to Vision Indonesia, data on people with eye diseases in Indonesia in 2018-2019 were 3 million people or about 1.5% of the total population. So far, public information or knowledge about the recognition of eye disease disorders is still lacking. The problem in this study is how to educate the public about the introduction of eye diseases based on information on symptoms of the disease and how to apply the web-based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm for the introduction of eye diseases. The ANN algorithm in the eye disease recognition education system can conclude knowledge even though it does not have certainty and takes it into account sequentially so that the process is faster. In terms of educational content about eye disease recognition, this is a novelty to use. This research aims to create an educational system for introducing eye diseases based on information on symptoms of the disease and applying a web-based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm for the recognition of eye diseases. The method used is the Artificial Neural Network algorithm method. The work of ANN in the education system for the introduction of eye diseases is to make parameters of eye disease symptoms or indicators that will produce the type of eye disease. The research material used is data on types of eye diseases and symptoms of each type of eye disease. The research results are to create an education system that can help the public recognise eye diseases based on the symptoms of these eye diseases that can be run on a web platform. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm can manage input analysis data from disease indicators and show the initial results of eye diseases that can be detected. suffered by someone based on Training Results Weights and Bias v11= 1.6769, v01= 0.4356, w11= -1.5233, w01= 0.3242. Based on white box testing, the test results are free from logical errors. The results of this study indicate that the use of the ANN algorithm for eye disease recognition shows accurate results based on eye disease symptom data.
The Monitoring of Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate Using a Telemedicine Smartphone System (TMSS) as a New Innovation in the Health Sector
Authors: Wisana I Dewa Gede Hari , Nugraha Priyambada Cahya , Mamurotun Mamurotun , Amrinsani Farid
Published: March 2022

As a country with the world's sixth-largest population with 11.22% poor population, Indonesia encounters health problems as one of the main issues. According to the Progress Report in Asia & the Pacific, Indonesia is still experiencing delays in the process of achieving the Millennium Development Goals. This study aimed to produce technological innovations related to the monitoring of oxygen saturation and heartbeat using the Telemedicine Smartphone System (TMSS). The contribution of this research is the resulting technological innovations related to the field of telemedicine that can be applied by Indonesian people at affordable prices. The monitoring tools will be effective and efficient when the tools are made with real-time monitoring of SpO2 and BPM using the TMSS system to improve Indonesia's development of health services. This design uses a fingertip sensor to detect oxygen saturation in the blood and an ear clip sensor to detect heartbeats, both sensors have an analog output which is conditioned in the Analog Signal Conditioning (ASC) circuit. The ASC’s output is processed on AT mega 328P. The resulting data is further displayed on the Liquid Character Display (LCD). Data are also sent via HC-05 Bluetooth and displayed on an Android Smartphone with SMS notifications. Based on the measurement results, the greatest error value was 0.220%, while the smallest was 0.055% on the SpO2. BPM had the largest error value of 2.33392%, while the smallest was 0.2283%. This research can be implemented into the transmission system using TMSS to improve the development of health services in Indonesia.
Smart Helmet GPS-Based for Heartbeat Drowsiness Detection and Location Tracking
Authors: Fahrurrasyid Fahrurrasyid , Hapsari Gita Indah , Meisaroh Lisda , Mutiara Giva Andriana
Published: March 2022

In Indonesia, motorcycle traffic accidents have increased rapidly. Traffic accidents result in high mortality. One of the causes is influenced by human psychological factors or human error. However, to improve the behavior of the riders and due reducing traffic accidents, the purpose of this research is developed a Smart Helmet that can detect drowsiness by measuring the heartbeats psychological riders. Besides that, this system equipped with an SOS button. Its function is to detect and help the riders if there were any emergency incidents on the roads. This proposed system designed using a heartbeat pulse sensor, GPS module, GSM module, Arduino Nano, push-button, and buzzer. Smart Helmet examined in several scenarios to test the performance of the drowsiness and the SOS button. The resulting test on 10 respondents defined that the drowsiness can be detected and give a buzzer alert when the heartbeat is below 60 bpm. The information can be seen without delay. The incident location can be tracked down by utilizing the google maps application. The shift position as the error distance of the GPS incident location only happens in the range of 21.96-42.63 meters. The conclusion is the helmet can detect drowsiness based on heartrate and give an alarm. The SOS button is functionally properly as long as the helmet is used in the outdoor area.