bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
​Deciphering the Information on Inheritance Mode of Erucic Acid Trait in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Singh V.V. , . Priyamedha , . Monika , Mawlong Ibandalin , Rai P.K.
Published: July 2022

Background: Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss] is most important oilseed crop grown in Rabi season and have been used as a source of edible oil in the Indian subcontinent. Low use of mustard oil is basically due to the presence of high content of erucic acid which not only deteriorate the quality of oil but also have harmful effects on human body. Methods: Knowledge of erucic acid trait inheritance is crucial so as to define the breeding strategies for erucic acid trait in Indian mustard. In present study the experiment to study mode of inheritance of erucic acid trait was carried out among progeny of crosses involving high erucic acid (NRCHB-101) and low erucic acid (Heera and PDZ-1) cultivars of Brassica juncea. The study was conducted using six generations viz., P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2 derived from the crosses, NRCHB-101 × Heera and NRCHB-101 × PDZ-1. Result: The content of erucic acid of F1’s was found intermediate between the parents while in F2 seeds itwas segregated into 5 classes i.e., less than 2%, 2-10%, 11-20%, 21-30% and greater than 30% with a genotypic ratio of 1:4:6:4:1. Backcross seeds (B1 and B2) derived from the F1 backcrossing with high erucic acid and low erucic acid parents were classified into three classes with a ratio of 1:2:1. The segregation patterns confirmed that in case of B. juncea two genes are responsible for governance of erucic acid trait and these genes are inherited in additive manner. The results of this investigation also showed that inheritance of erucic acid content trait is under embryonic control with absence of maternal effect in B. juncea. This understanding of B. juncea’s erucic acid inheritance will help breeders create B. juncea cultivars with zero erucic acid.
Productivity and Quality of Fodder Crops under Late-sown Conditions in Semi-arid Tropics of India
Authors: Reddy A. Malliswara , Kumari C. Radha , Reddy B. Sahadeva , Reddy B. Ravindranatha
Published: July 2022

Background: In India, agriculture and animal husbandry are inextricably linked and are essential for livelihood security. Despite the fact that India has the world’s largest livestock population, feed and fodder supply is under huge strain, especially as area accessible for fodder cultivation has been shrinking. During the months of March-May and November-February are known as lean periods of fodder production, the supply of green fodder is limited throughout the year in a rainfed condition. Fodder crops develop swiftly and cover the ground surface quickly, even in low-rainfall conditions, producing a significant amount of green fodder while also providing vegetative cover over the land, resulting in resource conserving as well as increased productivity. In this context, the current study was conducted to evaluate various fodder crops, assess their productivity and quality and make appropriate recommendations for semi-arid tropics of India. Methods: Field experiments were carried out for three years from 2015-16 to 2017-18 at the Agricultural Research Station, Ananthapuramu andhra Pradesh, India, which is located between 14°41'N Latitude and 77°40'E Longitude and an altitude of 350 m. above mean sea level, which falls under the Semi-Arid Tropics. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments (fodder crops) and three replications. The treatments comprised of different fodder crops viz., fodder sorghum, fodder maize, fodder bajra, clusterbean, fodder cowpea, field bean, brown top millet, horse gram and sunhemp. Result: The current study concludes that fodder bajra, fodder sorghum and fodder maize are potential forage cereals because they can produce more quantity and quality fodder while also ensuring net monetary returns and fodder cowpea and sunhemp are the next best suitable forage legumes under late-sown conditions in the semi-arid tropics of India.
Growth Rate and Biomass Accumulation in Forage Maize (Zea mays), Forage Millet (Echinochloa utilis), Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Gamba Grass (Andropogon gayanus)
Authors: Ekeocha A.H. , Aganga A.A. , Odumboni A.A. , Makinwa O.M.
Published: July 2022

Background: Understanding the biomass accumulation and growth rate of the forages to feed the animal throughout the year is critical for improved earnings and long-term livestock production. This was found in forage maize (Zea mays), forage millet (Echinochloa utilis), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus). The experiment was place at Federal University Oye Ekiti in Ekiti State, Nigeria, in latitude N 07° 48.308, longitude E 005° 29.573 and elevation 548.4 meters above sea level, with an annual rainfall of 1778 mm. Methods: Planting four rows in a complete randomized design (CRD with four replications) was used to test the forage crops. Before planting, the soil in the experimental field had 49.96% organic matter and 33.59% after the crops were harvested. During the growth season, Pennisetum purpereum had the maximum plant height and sward height. Result: The Zea mays plant had the maximum leaf breadth (5.44 cm at 8 weeks) and the most leaves. Zea mays had the largest biomass accumulation (BC) of 113.80% after 8 weeks, followed by Andropogon gayanus with 67.15 per cent, Pennisetum purpureum with 56.24 per cent and Echinochloa utilis with 51.63%. Although there were no significant differences p£0.05 in the crude protein levels of the different species, samples from the latest cuts (8th week) had the greatest crude protein content (11.88% in Andropogon gayanus). Crude protein levels were shown to rise in lockstep with grass growth. Although there was no significant difference between the grass species, the crude fibre content of the three grass species was discovered to vary with the growth phase. The greatest fibre content of 13.58% in Zea mays was reported during the 6th week, which might be attributable to lignin encrustation in grasses that were harvested late. All of the plant samples of crops showed the same irregular pattern in crude fiber, moisture content and fat content, with no significant variance.
Effect of Various Intercrops on the Incidence of Major Sucking Insect Pests of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp]
Authors: Choudhary Suresh , Khinchi S.K. , Kumar Sunil
Published: July 2022

Background: Ecological maneuvering of major sucking insect pests of cowpea, [Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp.] at the micro level was aimed through various agronomic techniques. The tactics of appropriate intercropping is gaining thrust in the present scenario in overall strategy of insect pest management. Methods: The experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 in a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The populations of major sucking insect pests were recorded at weekly interval from their appearance till harvesting of the cropearly in the morning of 10 cm terminal shoot for aphid and from three leaves, viz., one each from top, middle and lower canopy of the plant for leafhopper and whitefly. Result: The experiment on cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (Linn.) Walp.] grown along with, pearlmillet [Penisetum glucum (Linn.) R.Br.emend stunntz] sesame, (Sesamum indicum) sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonloba) as intercrops showed reduced population of sucking insect pests (aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) and whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) over the sole crop (cowpea), cowpea with pearlmillet and sorghum combinations proved significantly less conducive to aphid, leafhopper and whitefly infestation as compared to other intercrops.
Evaluation of Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) Varieties for Koshi Region of Bihar
Authors: Choudhary G.L. , Kumari Seema , Nath Paras , Yadav P.K. , Gorai Tapan
Published: July 2022

Background: Field experiment was conducted under In-house Project of the University during kharif seasons of 2015 and 2017 for evaluation of clusterbean varieties for Koshi Region of Bihar. Methods: The experiment was conducted by using randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were recorded on different agronomic parameters including, plant height, dry matter accumulation, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, test weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index. Economics of crop was also calculated to find out the economic feasibility for the farmers. Result: Result revealed that the significantly taller plants along with higher dry matter accumulation was observed under clusterbean variety Bundel Guar-2 (BG-2). Clusterbean variety Gujarat Guar-2 (GG-2) taken least number of days to maturity, however, highest number of days to maturity was taken by RGC-986 and BG-1. Significantly higher number of pods per plant was observed under RGC-1033. HG-365 resulted into significantly higher number of grains per pod and BG-1 recorded significantly higher test weight. RGC-1033 proved significantly better in terms of grain yield, harvest index and net returns. In terms of stover and biological yield BG-2 proved significantly superior.
Inteligencias múltiples, emociones y creatividad en estudiantes universitarios españoles de primer curso
Authors: Sospedra-Baeza María Josefa , Martínez-Álvarez Isabel , Hidalgo-Fuente Sergio
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Esta investigación apunta en la dirección de la pertinencia y utilidad de diseñar y aplicar intervenciones focalizadas en la mejora de las inteligencias, atendiendo de manera prioritaria a los aspectos emocionales y creativos, para fomentar un rendimiento integral óptimo en los estudiantes. Existe una pronunciada necesidad de formar a personas competentes, tanto cognitiva como socioemocionalmente, para que se desenvuelvan de manera eficaz en una sociedad en constante cambio. Objetivo: El propósito fue evaluar y comparar el nivel de autoeficacia que perciben los participantes con respecto a sus inteligencias múltiples, su inteligencia emocional, su creatividad y su rendimiento académico. Método: La muestra se compone de 435 estudiantes universitarios de primer curso. El diseño de investigación fue predictivo transversal. Resultados: Se hallaron relaciones entre las variables analizadas, así como diferencias en función del sexo de los participantes. Los análisis de regresión muestran cómo las inteligencias lingüística y la lógico-matemática autopercibidas son predictores del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Discusión: Se detecta una relación positiva entre las diferentes competencias sociales y emocionales, así como la importancia de las mismas para el óptimo rendimiento de los estudiantes.
Competencias transversales en la universidad: validación de un cuestionario para su evaluación
Authors: Solanes-Puchol Ángel , Martín-del-Río Beatriz , García -Selva Adrián
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Las competencias transversales constituyen un elemento clave para la formación académico-profesional e inserción sociolaboral del alumnado universitario. Numerosos estudios dan cuenta de una brecha entre el nivel de competencias genéricas y el nivel demandado por el mercado laboral. La evaluación de estas competencias se torna fundamental en la formación universitaria, por lo que es necesario contar con herramientas de evaluación válidas. Objetivo: Desarrollar un instrumento de medición que evalúe eficazmente dichas competencias. Método: Se ha diseñado un cuestionario a partir del modelo utilizado por Solanes et al. (2008), utilizando el método Delphi para evaluar la validez de contenido. La prueba fue administrada a 946 estudiantes, dividiendo esta muestra en cuatro subgrupos iguales para efectuar dos análisis paralelos y dos análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Resultados: La escala definitiva está compuesta por 38 ítems que explican el 53.1% de la varianza, con un omega de McDonald de .94. El análisis paralelo revela una estructura factorial de cinco factores. Asimismo, los análisis factoriales confirmatorios proporcionan evidencias de validez sobre la estructura interna del cuestionario (CMIN/ DF = 1.903; RMSEA = .062; CFI = .91; PNFI = .657; NFI = .90; RMR = .042; PGFI = .88). Discusión: Se proporciona un instrumento que reúne las especificaciones para ser considerado una herramienta válida y fiable, que evalúa las competencias transversales más demandadas por el mercado laboral.
Análisis comparativo de las propiedades de resistencia, acústica y térmica entre un bloque de concreto convencional y un bloque de concreto con adiciones de desecho textil en Lima
Authors:   , Anglade Béjar Jesús Enrique , Benavente Salinas Emso Luciano
Published: July 2022

La ciudad de lima se encuentra expuesta a una diversidad de problemas. Entre los principales problemas se encuentra la contaminación sonora, la variabilidad climática y la contaminación ambiental. Por estos motivos se elaboraron bloques de concreto con adición de desecho textil para poder dar solución a los problemas mencionados. Estos bloques se elaboraron sin desecho textil y con desecho textil de 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% y 15% del volumen de un bloque de concreto sin adición para poder compararlas y encontrar la dosificación óptima. Los bloques fueron ensayados para medir la resistencia a la compresión y medir su capacidad de ser mejor aislante térmico y acústico. Para el ensayo de resistencia se demostró que, al agregar desecho textil, la bloque perdía su resistencia a la compresión entonces se concluyó que no se debe usar en proyecto que requieran construcciones más resistentes. Para los ensayos acústicos y térmicos se demostró que mientras se va aumentando el porcentaje de desecho textil, las bloques son mejores aislantes acústicos y térmicos, es decir, que si se requiere construcciones que aíslen el sonido y la temperatura se debe usar 15% de deseo textil. Sin embargo, eso no quiere decir que ese porcentaje sea el óptimo.
Autoconcepto Personal y Regulación Emocional en Role-players entre 18 y 35 años de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Llagas Ochoa Marisol Katherin
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal relacionar el autoconcepto personal y la regulación emocional en role-players adultos peruanos. Se aplicaron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Personal (Goñi, 2011) y el Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional ERQ (Gross y Jhon, 2003) a un grupo de 310 participantes peruanos, entre los 18 y 35 años de edad, y con el 88% de sexo femenino. Se encontró que las dimensiones del Autoconcepto Personal correlacionan positivamente con el factor Reevaluación Cognitiva de Regulación emocional. Así también, todos los factores de Autoconcepto Personal correlacionan negativamente con Supresión Emocional. Asimismo, los role-players con un personaje idol-kpop tienen mayores puntuaciones en las dimensiones de autonomía y honradez, a comparación de los role-players furry, debido a la retroalimentación recibida de su entorno.
Algunas controversias sobre Derecho de Familia que son susceptibles de ser resueltas en sede arbitral peruana
Authors:   , Salinas Tipiani Josefina Alexandra Francesca
Published: July 2022

Esta investigación demuestra que, si bien el derecho de familia delimita los derechos, deberes y obligaciones que debe cumplir cada uno de los miembros de la familia, no solo aborda ello, sino también aspectos de libre disponibilidad y/o con contenido patrimonial como en el caso del régimen económico del matrimonio, la pensión de alimentos, la administración y disposición de los bienes sociales por uno de los cónyuges, entre otros. Dentro de esta relación, en el marco del derecho de familia, es posible que ocurran diversas controversias. Estas, a falta de acuerdo entre las partes, deben ser resueltas, indefectiblemente, en la jurisdicción ordinaria, encontrándose las partes frente a un sistema burocrático, con problemas en la notificación, elevadas cargas procesales y lento, lo que no permiten dar respuestas oportunas a las necesidades de contenido patrimonial inaplazables y, en algunos casos, hasta vitales. Sin embargo, bajo el argumento que el derecho de familia es una rama del derecho que no tiene materias de libre disponibilidad y de contenido extrapatrimonial, hasta el día de hoy únicamente las disputas han podido ser resueltas en la jurisdicción ordinaria. No obstante, a lo largo del presente estudio demostraremos que esto no debe ser así, dado que el derecho de familia incorpora materias que son de libre disponibilidad y que denotan manifiesto contenido patrimonial; por tanto, esto también podría resolverse en sede arbitral peruana, sin incurrir en ningún tipo de afectación al orden público.
Distribution of Verbs Prefixed {N-} in Bahasa on VII Grade Indonesian Language Textbooks
Authors: Najiibah Najiibah , Prayoga Ngaestyono
Published: July 2022

This research is conducted to determine the various categories of word classes forming inflectional and derivational verbs. This study also aims to determine the productivity of inflectional and derivational verbs with the distribution of verbs with prefix {N-}. The research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method based on the existing Indonesian Textbooks for VII Grade. The instrument in this study uses techniques and models in the analysis of morphological units in morphological studies. The data collection technique was used with free listening, speaking, and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was carried out after the data had been collected by formulating by ordinary words which included also describing the process of processing verbs and the results of obtaining verb formations; and making formulations using signs or symbols. It was revealed that two types of verbs were found, namely inflectional verbs and derivational verbs. Inflectional verbs came from word formations categorized as verbs and there was no word categorical change. Derivational verbs came from word formations that caused categorical changes to word classes, found one the category of forming derivational verbs, and inflectional verbs are more productive than derivational verbs in the Indonesian textbooks studied.
Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Guru dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Yosowilangun
Authors: Setiawan Oki Bagus
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan analisis ujaran tuturan ilokusi guru dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jawa di SMP Negeri 1 Yosowilangun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data menggunakan tuturan guru bahasa Jawa yang sedang bertugas di SMP Negeri 1 Yosowilangun dan memiliki latar belakang sebagai masyarat Pandalungan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik rekam sadap pada saat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung. Teknik analisis data dengan mendeskripsikan ujaran yang sudah ditranskrip sesuai dengan teori pragmatik tindak tutur ilokusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis tindak tutur ilokusi guru dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jawa tersebut adalah 5 tindak tutur ilokusi, yaitu (1) tindak tutur ilokusi jenis asertif, (2) direktif, (3) komisif, (4) ekspresif, dan (5) deklaratif. Sementara itu, empat fungsi tindak tutur ilokusi, yaitu (1) kompetitif, (2) konvivial, (3) kolaboratif, dan (4) konfliktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jawa, tindak tutur ekspresif dengan maksud mengeluh dan mengkritik ternyata paling sering digunakan secara tidak langsung oleh guru.
Why do people want changes? V.V. Petukhov's study of the reasons for the actualisation of the public demand for changes
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia, Petukhov Roman V.
Published: July 2022

The article presents the results of a three-year research project initiated and led by V.V. Petukhov. The project was his last independent study. Despite a serious illness, he continued to think about it until the last weeks of his life. The project is based on the desire to understand and explain the reasons for the actualisation of the public demand for change, that quickly became an alternative to the orientation towards stability that enjoyed the mass support of Russians in the late 2000s and early 2010s. The study showed that the main social prerequisite for the formation of a public demand for change was the growth in the number of "self-sufficient" Russians seeking to do without the help of the state in solving their problems. Its immediate causes are, firstly, the gradual destruction of the “paternalistic consensus”, secondly, the growth of social tension caused by the intrusion of public policy into the private lives of people, and, thirdly, the deterioration of the socio-economic situation of many Russians.
Content-wise, the demand for change is oriented towards preserving the attractor of development formed in the early 2000s, that implies an evolutionary, rather than a revolutionary change in society. It focuses on such basic ideas as minimising various social inequalities, ensuring social justice, democracy and the greatness of the state. It is dominated by a socio-economic rather than a political "agenda". The key actors in the demand for change are young Russians and representatives of the urban middle class, who demonstrate dissatisfaction with those aspects of their lives that determine their future, and who do not yet have the institutional capacity in Russia to change them.
Demand for change" in sociology and in the media (in memory of V.V. Petukhov - "Inventor" of the concept/meme).
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia, Latov Yuriy V. , Latova Natalia V. ,   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2022

One of the little-known merits of Vladimir Vasilievich Petukhov is the “invention” of the scientific term (and a media meme as well) “demand for change”, proved popular in recent years. Based on the ideas of the sociology of concepts and materials of content and discourse analysis of Russian media using SCAN-Interfax, the article attempts to trace the formation and development of this concept/meme, as well as to determine its content. First used in the late 1990s, it became viral at the turn of the 2000s-2010s, allowing to record the ups and downs of general social discontent, whilst at the same time not allowing to decide how this discontent correlates with traditional designations of socio-political conflicts. “Deciphering” the concept of “demand for change” requires understanding whether we are talking about the desire of modern Russians for revolutionary or evolutionary changes. V.V. Petukhov himself leaned towards an evolutionist interpretation, believing that the request for, first all, the expansion of democratic participation is far from a "revolutionary situation". The final answer about the essence of this social phenomenon can only be given by the next decade of Russian history.
Russian society in the 2020s: an attempt at ideological self-determination
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia, Barash Raisa E.
Published: July 2022

Addressing the works of V.V. Petukhov, dedicated to the study of public opinion dynamics, including on issues of political self-determination, the author examines the impact of changes in the socio-economic and political situation on the preferences of Russians. In current sociological data, the author finds confirmation of the ideas of V.V. Petukhov about consistent attempts at ideological self-determination of Russians, despite the constant impact on society of crisis events of various origins, social turbulence and limited opportunities for political representation. Although the request of Russian society in the 1990s for democratic reforms was replaced in the 2000s by skepticism about the applicability of Western models of development, key democratic principles remained socially significant: the lifting of the ban on public criticism of senior officials, the expansion of publicity and freedom of speech, the elimination of censorship, the democratisation of elections, etc. The focus of many Russians on private problems by the time of election campaigns in 2019-2021 was replaced by a growing interest in political participation and ideological self-determination, and in 2021 about a third of citizens could clearly define their own ideological and political views. If the limited possibilities of party-political representation in the 2000–2010s stimulated public demand for ideological self-determination, then the categories of identity circulating in the official discourse gave many people a reason to think about their meanings, and even change their own ideas. This happened with the category “Russian”, the content of which has become clearer over the past few years, and the subtle components of identity have lost popularity. The idea that Russians are all those who honestly work for the benefit of Russia has ceased to be popular. The proportion of those who agree with the most popular logic of interpreting Russian identity, that suggests that a Russian is one who grew up and was brought up in the traditions of Russian culture, has slightly decreased, while the popularity of defining Russian identity through the native Russian language, Russian origin and self-determination after 2014 increased. It is possible that the search for meaningful attributes of Russian identity, coinciding in the view of many with Russian civil identity, along with support for the ideas of national diversity, is an attempt by Russian society to “assemble” a new social consensus and search for the foundations of a new national mythology.
Request for Change: An Attempt at a Political-Psychological Interpretation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Shestopal Elena B.
Published: July 2022

The article presents reflections on the demand for change and the ongoing scholarly debate about its very existence in the contemporary Russian society. The author raises a number of topics that are significant for understanding the changes and considers them from the standpoint of a political psychologist. In partucular, the need to “decipher” the desire for change is noted, the ambiguity of the attitude towards stability is shown, the difficulty of determining the situation in society as a crisis or calm, the peculiarities of splits in Russian society are analysed. The key issue in the study of the demand for change is the question of self-regulation of the social and political system in the conditions when the needs for change and the need for stability in society counterbalance each other. At the moment, when the situation is extremely uncertain, and new challenges and threats appear all the time, it is difficult to count on automatic adaptation to changes. So far, there is no answer to the question What kind of society we would like to have: the one with the dominating demand for change, or the one with citizens striving to maintain stability. This is the very image of the future, that should be built first in order to enable then search for relevant control mechanisms. If this desired model is not set, but simply attitudes towards change or stability are measured, it will make impossible to correctly interpret the results of the polls.
"Ideal citizen" and civic education in modern Russia
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia, Trofimova Irina N.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the problem of civic education is determined by the growing dynamics and contradictions of modern society. The diversity of opinions, multitude of sources of information and ways of communication make it difficult to form conventional norms and rules of conduct. The relationship between the individual, society and the state is becoming more complex and changeable. The status of a citizen is transformed from a "given from above" into a socio-political construct, with civic education in its broadest sense becoming a construct tool. In the Russian Federation, since the collapse of the USSR, fundamental changes have taken place in the economy, politics, ideology and culture. Radical historical turns in a country with cultural, ethnic and confessional diversity inevitably affect the change in the focus of state policy in the field of civic education, forcing the creation of a new image of the “ideal citizen”. The article demonstrates how the policy in the field of civic education changed its priorities and how these changes were reflected in the views of Russians on what ideas could unite Russian society. The theoretical basis of the study is а combination of provisions on the growing role of civic education in public communications, the specifics of educational policy in stable and transforming societies, the features of formal and non-formal civic education. The empirical basis of the study is the data of a sociological survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS in 2021. It is concluded that in the post-Soviet Russia the policy of civic education has changed by ways that can be described as reforms and counter-reforms. The civil law vector of the education reform in the 1990s was replaced by the assertion of the priority of state interests after 2000. This led to a confusion of opinions about what could unite the Russian society in the future. Non-formal education and informal learning have much greater importance. The practical experience of civic participation contributes to more stable and balanced ideas, while civic passivity at any moment can develop into a denial of the interests of both the citizen and the state.
Effectiveness of ozone therapy and ultrasound in regeneration of an infected wound in an experiment
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Vinnik Yu.S. , Kochetova L.V. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Kulikova A.B. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Medvedeva N.N. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study. To study the regeneration processes in infected wounds against the background of long-standing diabetes mellitus with topical ozone therapy and ultrasound. Material and methods. The experimental study included 35 animals (rats of the Wistar population). Among them, a total of 30 had long-standing diabetes mellitus and 5 were healthy rats modelled with an infected wound. The animals were divided into groups depending on the chosen treatment method. The first group was comprised of 10 rats treated with daily topical ozone therapy and low-frequency ultrasound. The rats from the second group only received topical ozone therapy and the wound was treated with “Autry 6000”. The rats of the third group received standard daily treatment with 1% dioxidin solution. In group IV rats (n=5) without DM, the simulated infected wound was treated daily with 1% dioxidin solution. Evaluation of treatment effectiveness was performed based on the results of wound planimetry, measurement of blood flow rate at the border between healthy tissue and the wound as well as histological examination data. Results. Based on the research conducted, the effectiveness of combined treatment using topical ozone therapy and low-frequency ultrasound has been proved. This method of treatment normalises blood flow rate at the border between healthy tissue and the infected wound, reduces wound healing time and accelerates the processes of wound cleansing from purulent exudate, filling of the wound with granulation tissue as well as formation of marginal epithelisation. Conclusion. In connection with the same pathogenetic pattern of the infected wound in both rats with long-standing diabetes mellitus and that in a diabetes mellitus patient, it is advisable to use the new topical wound treatment methods including ozone therapy and ultrasound.
Parallel learning at Krasnoyarsk State Medical University: a tool for personalised training of physicians
Authors:   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Soloveva I.A. , Yuryeva E.A. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Zukov R.A. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Tkachenko O.V. ,   Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University
Published: July 2022

The aim of the research. To determine the possibilities and describe the features of parallel mastering of residency programmes and additional professional programmes to develop a technology for training of a competitive graduate sought for on the labour market. Material and methods. The study was conducted at the premises of the KrasSMU. The study group was formed by students in the 1st year of residency programmes, 270 subjects in total. The survey was conducted online with open-ended, closed-ended and menu questions to determine the focus group. Processing of the survey results was performed using the quantitative method. For segmentation of the respondents according to certain characteristics depending on the answers, the «decision tree» method was used. Results. The results of the study indicate the interest of the respondents in parallel mastering of residency programmes and additional professional programmes: 54.4% of the respondents showed the willingness to learn. Based on the results of the interviews in the focus group, 45 (30.4%) respondent were included in the educational project of parallel learning. Conclusion. The technology of parallel learning is described as a tool for personalised education for obtaining qualifications in the framework of higher education, and improving the obtained qualifications in the framework of additional professional education. The measures for implementation of the educational project and the expected effects for students, employers and educational organisations have been developed.
Treatment of cicatrical stenosis of trachea after laryngectomy
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Topolnitskiy E.B. , Tsydenova A.N. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: July 2022

The aim of the research. To evaluate the results of treatment of patients with cicatricial tracheal stenosis after laryngectomy. Material and methods. A total of 15 patients with cicatricial tracheal stenosis (CTS) and persistent tracheostomy after laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer were treated. The treatment employed an algorithm including bougienage, cryodestruction and stenting, as well as complex bronchodilator therapy aimed at restoring bronchial patency. Cryotherapy of CTS was performed through a tracheostomy with a developed cryoapplicator made of titanium nickelide. Results. The duration of cannula-bearing period after tracheal stenosis was from six months to three years. The length of cicatricial changes ranged from 10 to 55 mm. Tracheal stenosis was detected in the area of the end tracheostomy in 10 patients, at the level of the thoracic trachea in 4 patients, subtotal tracheal injury after laryngectomy in 1 patient. Subcompensated tracheal stenosis was detected in 10 patients, decompensated – in 5, of which 2 patients had this condition combined with tracheomalacia. In case of decompensated stenosis, emergency bougienage of the trachea was performed. Recanalisation and maintenance of the tracheal lumen was carried out according to the proposed treatment regimen. No fatal outcomes were registered during the hospitalisation period. All patients managed to restore adequate breathing and tracheal lumen. Within 6-8 months, 12 patients were decannulated, the rest continued cannula-bearing and free breathing was supported by stenting. The failure of their decannulation was associated with the presence of tracheomalacia and subtotal tracheal stenosis. Conclusion. Surgical correction of CTS in patients after laryngectomy requires an alternative therapeutic approach and differs from those prescribed in the classical version of stenosis. The proposed CTS treatment after extirpation of the larynx is an effective method for restoring the patency of the airways, allowing 80% of patients to restore free breathing without a tracheostomy cannula. The use of the adapted cryoapplicator made of titanium nickelide expands the possibilities of cryosurgery, and the developed method of CTS treatment may be recommended for wide practical application.
The influence of sleep apnoea syndrome on cognitive functions in patients with cerebral infarction
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Serebrova E.V.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the research. To study cognitive functions and their dynamics in acute cerebral infarction in patients with sleep apnoea syndrome. Material and methods. A total of 74 patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) (the main group) and 40 patients with CI without SAS (the comparison group) were examined. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale within the first 72 hours and one month after the onset of CI. SAS was detected through respiratory polygraphy or autonomous polysomnography. The control group included 40 patients without CI or SAS. CPAP therapy was administered to 20 patients of the main group for 7-10 days. Results. In patients of the main group, median MOCA scores were 20 (18; 23) within the first 72 hours after CI onset and 21.5 (19; 25) after one month, which was significantly lower than those in the comparison and the control groups (p<0.05). The most pronounced cognitive impairments in the main group were observed in patients with severe SAS (apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥30) (p <0.05). For SAS patients, inverse correlations between the MOCA score at the beginning and the end of acute CI, between the AHI and the maximum duration of the apnoea episode, as well as a direct correlation between the MOCA score and the minimum saturation (p<0.05) have been established. The AHI of over 11.6 respiratory events per hour has been revealed to be a prognostic marker of cognitive dysfunction at the end of acute СI (AUC - 81.1% (95% CI (70.3-89.2)). After a month, the patients receiving CPAP therapy did not significantly differ in cognitive impairments from the rest of the patients in the main group (p>0.05). Conclusion. In SAS patients in the acute period of СI, the AHI increase is accompanied by a decrease in the MOCA score. The AHI of over 11.6 respiratory events per hour can be used to identify risk groups of patients with cognitive impairments requiring correction of treatment and rehabilitation procedures.
Improvement of CT efficacy in tuberculous peritonitis
Authors:   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Plotkin D.V. , Pryadkin A.A. ,   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Reshetnikov M.N. ,   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Volkov A.A. ,   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Razmakhnin D.E. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Rodoman G.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Sinitsyn M.V. ,   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Bogorodskaya E.M. ,   Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control
Published: July 2022

The aim of the research. According to the WHO, the prevalence of respiratory tuberculosis in the world tends to decrease, while the rate of extrapulmonary tuberculosis remains stable: in 2019, approximately 1,050,000 new cases were registered and every sixth of them featured the clinical form of peritonitis. The unsatisfactory results of detection and treatment of tuberculous peritonitis as well as the high frequency of disability and mortality in this disease require a further comprehensive approach to its non-invasive diagnosis including the use of CT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological features of tuberculous peritonitis compared with the data of endoscopic and morphological studies, as well as to develop an optimal integral scale for diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of invasive and CT diagnosis in 25 patients with confirmed tuberculous peritonitis within the period from 2014 to 2020 was performed. The same indicators were used in the comparison group consisting of 28 patients with diseases that often mimic tuberculous peritonitis (by carcinomatosis and sarcoidosis of the peritoneum, non-specific ascites). Results. The main signs of peritoneal lesion in tuberculosis have been revealed. Based on this, an integral scale for assessment of the significance of individual CT symptoms in combination with clinical and anamnestic data has been developed. The statistical data obtained suggest the following pattern: the probability of tuberculous peritonitis upon evaluation of all the described parameters is low with the score of up to 5, and high with 6 or more points. Conclusion. The developed integral scheme for assessment of CT signs allows the clinician to assume the presence of tuberculous peritonitis based on CT scans of the abdominal cavity and chest, anamnesis, as well as the results of laboratory findings, and to choose further tactics in diagnostic search.
Clinical, Genetic and Neuropathological Features of Frontotemporal Dementia: An Update and Guide
Authors: Paulos Jorge Pelicano , Massano João
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration encompasses a group of heterogeneous disorders with shared behavioural andcognitive symptoms, as well as gross pathological features. The genetic underpinnings and histopathological aspects are quite diverse and form the basis of molecular classification, which is not easy to correlate with clinical findings and syndromes. Scientific research has brought to light an array of knowledge, often not easy to keep up with, especially in the last few years with regard to genetics and histopathology.Material and Methods: The authors have searched the published literature on this topic, chose relevant references, and extracted and systematized the data.Results and Conclusion: this manuscript presents an updated review of clinical, genetic and histopathological findings in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, with special focus on behavioural variant Frontotemporal Dementia, the most common disorder. Current management is also reviewed, and genetic testing.
Educação Médica e Profissionalismo
Authors: Martins e Silva João
Published: July 2022

É analisada, sucintamente, a evolução que os objectivos, estratégias e modelos de formação médica têm tido deste a apresentação e subsequente aplicação do célebre modelo de Abraham Flexner, faz agora 103 anos. Ainda que globalmente aceite nos seus princípios e instrumentos pedagógicos originais, aquele modelo não tem evitado uma continuada insatisfação junto da comunidade médica ealunos, a que acrescem, mais acentuadamente nas últimas décadas, as exigências em cuidados de saúde mais eficientes por parte da sociedade, em geral, e dos doentes em particular. Em resposta a estes desideratos, a comunidade médica sentiu que era indispensável rever os critérios tradicionais do profissionalismo médico, adequando-os a um novo paradigma de sociedade e a um adequado e mais eficiente modelo de formação médica. Nesse propósito, são analisadas estratégias e metodologias, entretanto propostas, aparentemente mais adequadas à inclusão dos princípios e responsabilidades do profissionalismo médico desde o período inicial do ensino médico pré-graduado. Admite-se que a ênfase no ensino e na prática da reflexão ao logo do curso terão repercussões positivas e duradouras durante a vida profissional activa. Todavia, entende o autor que o sucesso das medidas a introduzir nos programas educação médica em prol de um novo modelo de profissionalismo continua a depender, sobretudo, dos atributos humanísticos e cognitivos dos alunos a serem escolhidos, e da qualidade pedagógica, académica e profissional dos seus docentes.
Distrofia simpática reflexa.
Authors: Oliveira Marta , Manuela Manuela , Cantinho Guilhermina
Published: July 2022

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy is rare in pediatrics. It is a complex regional pain syndrome, of unknown etiology, usually post-traumatic, characterized by dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal, vascular and skin systems: severe persistent pain of a limb, sensory and vascular alterations, associated disability and psychosocial dysfunction. The diagnosis is based in high clinical suspection. In children and adolescents there are aspects that are different from the adult ones. Excessive tests may result in worsening of the clinical symptoms. Bone scintigraphy can help. Pain treatment is difficult, not specific. Physical therapies and relaxation technics give some relief. Depression must be treated. This syndrome includes fibromyalgia and complex regional pain syndrome type I. We present a clinical report of an adolescent girl, referred for pain, cold temperature, pallor and functional disability of an inferior limb, all signals disclosed by a minor trauma. She had been diagnosed depression the year before. The bone scintigraphy was a decisive test. The treatment with gabapentin, C vitamin, physiotherapy and pshycotherapy has been effective.
Actividade física e saúde pública: recomendações para a prescrição de exercício.
Authors: Mendes Romeu , Sousa Nelson , Barata J L Themudo
Published: July 2022

During the last half century scientific data have been accumulated, through epidemiological and clinical studies that clearly document the significant health benefits associated with regular physical activity. This paper will analyse the latest recommendations for prescribing exercise in all age groups in healthy subjects and to individuals with chronic non-communicable diseases such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cancer, that contribute to the leading causes of global mortality. A search in the Pubmed database was performed and were also searched the recommendations of the World Health Organization and scientific organizations in Portugal. Most health benefits occur with at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise of moderate intensity, accumulated over the week, which can be split into periods of at least 10 minutes. Brisk walking seems to be the preferred aerobic exercise. Vigorous intensity aerobic exercise and resistance exercises for muscle strengthening, at least two days a week are also recommended. Children, youth, older adults and people with overweight have particular needs for physical activity. Additional benefits occur with increasing quantity and quality of physical activity through the proper manipulation of the exercise density (intensity, frequency and duration). However, some physical activity is better than none. The role of health professionals in prescribing appropriate exercise to their patients is fundamental to their involvement in increasing their physical activity levels and thus contributing to their health promotion and prevention and treatment of major non-communicable chronic diseases.