bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating “Back to Sleep” Recommendations Into Neonatal ICU Practice
Authors: Gelfer Polina , Cameron Ricci , Masters Kathy , Kennedy Kathleen A.
Published: March 2013

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The American Academy of Pediatrics stresses that NICUs should endorse and model the sudden infant deaths syndrome risk-reduction recommendations significantly before anticipated discharge of the infant. Medical personnel are critical role models for parents, and the way they position infants in the hospital strongly influences parental practices at home. The aims of this project were to increase the percentage of infants following safe sleep practices in the NICU before discharge and to determine if improving compliance with these practices would influence parent behavior at home.

METHODS:

An algorithm detailing when to start safe sleep practices, a “Back to Sleep” crib card, educational programs for nurses and parents, a crib audit tool, and postdischarge telephone reminders were developed as quality improvement intervention strategies.

RESULTS:

NICU compliance with supine positioning increased from 39% to 83% (P < .001), provision of a firm sleeping surface increased from 5% to 96% (P < .001), and the removal of soft objects from the bed improved from 45% to 75% (P = .001). Through the use of a postdischarge telephone survey, parental compliance with safe sleep practices was noted to improve from 23% to 82% (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Multifactorial interventions improved compliance with safe sleep practices in the NICU and at home.
Postpartum Anxiety and Maternal-Infant Health Outcomes
Authors: Paul Ian M. , Downs Danielle S. , Schaefer Eric W. , Beiler Jessica S. , Weisman Carol S.
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE:

Postpartum anxiety screening does not typically occur, despite changes in life roles and responsibility after childbirth. We sought to determine the prevalence of postpartum anxiety during the maternity hospitalization and its associations with maternal and child outcomes. We further aimed to compare correlates of anxiety with correlates of depression.

METHODS:

For a randomized controlled trial of mothers with “well” newborns ≥34 weeks’ gestation comparing 2 post–hospital discharge care models, mothers completed baseline in-person interviews during the postpartum stay and telephone surveys at 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months to assess health care use, breastfeeding duration, anxiety, and depression. All participants intended to breastfeed. State anxiety scores ≥40 on the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and depression scores ≥12 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Survey (EPDS) were considered positive.

RESULTS:

A total of 192 (17%) of 1123 participating mothers had a positive baseline STAI; 62 (6%) had a positive EPDS. Primiparity was associated with a positive STAI (20% vs 15%, P = .02), but not a positive EPDS (4% vs 7%, P = .05). Positive STAI scores were associated with cesarean delivery (22% vs 15%, P = .001), reduced duration of breastfeeding (P = .003), and increased maternal, but not infant total unplanned health care utilization within 2 weeks of delivery (P = .001). Positive STAI scores occurred more frequently than positive EPDS scores at each assessment through 6 months postpartum.

CONCLUSIONS:

Postpartum state anxiety is a common, acute phenomenon during the maternity hospitalization that is associated with increased maternal health care utilization after discharge and reduced breastfeeding duration. State anxiety screening during the postpartum stay could improve these outcomes.
Development of indium-rich InGaN epilayers for integrated tandem solar cells
Authors: Melton A. G. , Kucukgok B. , Wang B-Z. , Dietz N. , Lu N. , Ferguson I. T.
Published: March 2013

InGaN epilayers have been investigated for use in photovoltaic solar cells for the past years. At present, almost all photovoltaic device structures reported have exhibited very low short circuit currents and thus very low solar conversion efficiency. This phenomenon has been attributed to point and extended defect chemistry in InGaN epilayers (e.g. vacancies, misfit dislocations, and V-defects), as well as to spinodal decomposition of the strained InGaN wurtzite lattice system. These defects become more dominant for higher indium concentration InGaN epilayers needed for multijunction photovoltaic device structures. In this work, we will report on the growth and characterization of indium-rich InGaN epilayers that have been grown by novel MOCVD growth technology, including the growth at superatmospheric reactor pressures.
The Effect of Ti Interla Yer on the Hillock Formation of Al-0.5WT%Cu Films on the Tin/Ti/SiO2/Si Multilayer Structure
Authors: Wang L. P. , Chuang A. , Huang F. S. , Hwang J.
Published: March 2013

The hillock formation of Al-0.5wt%Cu films on TiN/Ti/SiO2/Si and T1N/SiO2/Si multilayer structures was investigated by the observation of FESEM. Two types of hillocks, large and small, were observed in both multilayer structures with or without Ti after annealing at 400°C for 30 minutes. A wedge-like plateau appeared next to the large hillock in the multilayer structure without Ti interlayer. The small hillock also exhibited wedge-like morphology in the same multilayer structure. Both wedge-like plateau and small wedge-like hillocks oriented toward the same direction, which disappeared in the multilayer structure with Ti interlayer. The difference in hillock morphology on these two types of multilayer has been correlated to the difference in the extent of Al(111) texture, which was characterized by the off-axis angle and orientation factors in X-ray ψ scan analysis. The wedge-like hillocks in multilayer without Ti were aligned along the tilted direction with larger off-axis angle in ψ scan. The Al(111) texture was largely improved due to the insertion of Ti into multilayer structure.
Damage and Dopant Profiles Produced by Ultra-Shallow Boron And Arsenic Ion Implants into Silicon at Different Temperatures Characterised by Medium Energy Ion Scattering.
Authors: van den Berg J. A. , Armour D. G. , Zhang S. , Whelan S. , Werner M. , Collart E. H. J. , Goldberg R. D. , Bailey P. , Noakes T. C. Q.
Published: March 2013

Medium energy ion scattering (MEIS), operated at sub-nm depth resolution in the double alignment configuration, has been used to examine implant and damage depth profiles formed in Si(100) substrates irradiated with 2.5 keV As+ and 1 keV B+ ions. Samples were implanted at temperatures varying between 150°C, and 300°C to doses ranging from 3X1014 to 2X1016 cm-2. For the As implants the MEIS studies demonstrate the occurrence of effects such as a dopant accommodation linked to the growth in depth of the damage layer, dopant clustering, as well as damage and dopant movement upon annealing. Following epitaxial regrowth at 600°C, approximately half of the As was observed to be in substitutional sites, consistent with the reported formation of AsnV complexes (n≤4), while the remainder became segregated and became trapped within a narrow, 1.1 nm wide layer at the Si/oxide interface

MEIS measurements of the B implants indicate the formation of two distinct damage regions each with a different dependence on implant dose, the importance of dynamic annealing for implants at room temperature and above, and a competing point defect trapping effect at the Si/oxide interface. B+ implantation at low temperature resulted in the formation of an amorphous layer due to the drastic reduction of dynamic annealing processes.

Notably different dopant distributions were measured by SIMS in the samples implanted with As at different temperatures following rapid thermal annealing (RTA) up to 1100°C in an oxidising environment. Implant temperature dependent interactions between defects and dopants are reflected in the transient enhanced diffusion (TED) behaviour of As.
Produção científica brasileira em gestão de pessoas no período 2000-2010
Authors: Mascarenhas André Ofenhejm , Barbosa Allan Claudius Queiroz
Published: March 2013

O artigo analisa quatro aspectos dos textos em gestão de pessoas: sua contribuição, referencial teórico, procedimentos metodológicos e discussão. A análise abrange os artigos publicados nos periódicos nacionais de maior impacto, entre 2000 e 2010. O objetivo é esclarecer suas fragilidades diante das políticas editoriais preconizadas por top journals, em português e inglês, e apontar direções para evolução. Para evoluir qualitativamente nesta década, a discussão sugere implicações à prática acadêmica e uma agenda de pesquisas visando alcançar impacto, rigor e relevância da produção em Administração no Brasil.
Produção científica brasileira em finanças no período 2000-2010
Authors: Leal Ricardo Pereira Câmara , Almeida Vinicio de Souza e , Bortolon Patrícia Maria
Published: March 2013

Este artigo faz uma avaliação bibliográfica quantitativa e qualitativa dos artigos de Finanças publicados em 11 periódicos científicos nacionais, por meio de levantamentos sobre coautorias, áreas temáticas e uma análise da produtividade dos autores. A coautoria tornou-se uma característica predominante. As áreas temáticas mais comuns, finanças corporativas e gestão de investimentos, refletem a abundância de dados de empresas com ações em bolsa, negligenciando as demais. A produtividade é concentrada em poucos indivíduos no Sudeste e mais baixa do que o previsto pela teoria bibliométrica. A grande maioria dos autores publicou apenas um artigo e apenas 5% publicaram cinco ou mais. A maior parte dos artigos internacionais dos autores prolíficos consta de periódicos de baixo impacto. A pouca inovação teórica e metodológica dificulta publicações internacionais de impacto. A avaliação da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) parece estimular parcerias, mas sugeriram-se novos incentivos visando ao alinhamento com o nível de desenvolvimento da área nos países mais avançados.
Produção científica brasileira em marketing no período 2000-2009
Authors: Mazzon José Afonso , Hernandez José Mauro da Costa
Published: March 2013

O estudo analisa a produção científica brasileira em anais de congressos. Comportamento do Consumidor Marketing entre 2000 e 2009 publicada nos periódicos continua a ser o tema que mais atrai artigos (29%). O BAR, RAC, RAE, RAM, RAUSP e REAd e nos anais dos número médio de autores por artigo aumentou de 1,7 EnANPADs e EMAs. Em relação aos resultados da dé-para 2,3, e a concentração de artigos produzidos pelas cada passada (VIEIRA, 2003), verificou-se um aumento cinco instituições mais produtivas diminuiu de 62,5% para expressivo, de 368%, no número de artigos publicados. 49,6%. O número médio de citações por artigo aumen-A participação de artigos publicados em anais de con-tou de 21,6 para 37,4, mas o número médio de citações gressos (81,1%) continua muito superior à participação de periódicos nacionais aumentou apenas de 2,0 para de artigos publicados em periódicos (18,9%). Cerca de 2,5. O artigo conclui apontando alguns caminhos para a 65% dos autores publicaram apenas um único artigo em evolução da produção científica na área de Marketing.
Desenvolvimento inicial e crescimento in vitro de Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe em diferentes concentrações de sacarose
Authors: Galdiano Júnior Renato Fernandes , Mantovani Cibele , Cassano Aline Olian , Lemos Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo
Published: March 2013

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar os aspectos da germinação e avaliar o efeito de concentrações de sacarose no crescimento in vitro de Cattleya violacea. Sementes provenientes de cápsulas fechadas foram semeadas em meio de cultura Murashige e Skoog (MS) e a morfologia externa da semente à plântula foi fotodocumentada em estereomicroscópio e microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Plântulas com 90 dias após a semeadura foram repicadas em meio de cultura ½ MS (com metade da concentração de macronutrientes) com diferentes concentrações de sacarose (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40 g L-1), incubadas nas mesmas condições in vitro por mais 150 dias e em seguida as plântulas foram avaliadas quanto ao número de raízes, comprimento da maior raiz, número de folhas, comprimento da parte aérea, massa fresca e seca total. Os dados biométricos foram submetidos à análise estatística e a eles ajustadas curvas de regressão. As sementes apresentaram testa reticulada com uma extremidade micropilar (aberta) e calazal (fechada); o embrião originou uma estrutura tuberiforme clorofilada denominada protocormo que pode apresentar rizóides, folíolos e quando provido de raiz é considerado plântula. A ausência de açúcar ou a maior concentração avaliada de sacarose foram prejudiciais ao crescimento da planta. A concentração de 27 g L-1 proporcionou maior crescimento in vitro possibilitando maior eficiência para a propagação massal dessa espécie de elevado potencial ornamental.
Atividade biológica de extratos acetato de etila, etanólico e aquoso de timbó (Lonchocarpus floribundus) sobre carrapato bovino
Authors: Machado Aaron Ferreira , Castro e Silva Ademir , Ribeiro Helena Camarão Telles , Procópio Aldo Rodrigues de Lima , Pinheiro Carlos Cleomir de Souza , Martins João Ricardo de Souza , Silva Wilson Castro
Published: March 2013

Os extratos acetato de etila, etanólico e aquoso de raízes de Lonchocarpus floribundus foram utilizados, a fim de avaliar a atividade biológica sobre carrapato bovino. Carrapatos adultos foram coletados em bovinos infestados artificialmente, separados em grupos de dez indivíduos, pesados e imersos, separadamente, nos extratos de raízes de L. Floribundus, nas concentrações de 5, 25, 50, 75 e 100 mg mL-1. Para a avaliação em larvas, foram utilizados indivíduos de 14 a 21 dias, os quais foram imersos nos extratos nas concentrações de 1, 5, 10, 15 e 20 mg mL-1. Após o tratamento, cada grupo foi colocado em placa de Petri e incubado a 27 ± 1 ºC e umidade relativa de 80 ± 5%. Os extratos avaliados não foram eficazes para induzir, acima de 50%, a mortalidade de fêmeas ingurgitadas. Os extratos acetato de etila e etanólico induziram 100% de mortalidade de larvas. Entretanto, quanto aos valores de concentração letal mediana (CL50), o extrato etanólico (CL50 = 2,1 mg mL-1) foi mais tóxico que o extrato acetato de etila (CL50 = 4,1 mg mL-1). O extrato etanólico estimou concentração inibitória mediana (CI50) de 3,0 mg mL-1 e foi mais tóxico que os demais extratos quanto a este parâmetro de avaliação. Entre os três extratos avaliados, os extratos acetato de etila e etanólico apresentaram os melhores resultados quanto ao controle de reprodução de R. (B.) microplus, atingindo 100% na concentração de 5 mg mL-1. Os extratos de raízes de L. Floribundus apresentaram atividade biológica sobre carrapato bovino.
Estudo taxonômico de Sapotaceae Juss. do litoral Paraense
Authors: Valente Deyvid Marques , Sousa Julio dos Santos de , Bastos Maria de Nazaré do Carmo
Published: March 2013

Este trabalho consiste no tratamento taxonômico de Sapotaceae Juss. nas restingas do litoral paraense. Com auxilio de estereomicroscópio foram feitas as descrições morfológicas das partes vegetativas e reprodutivas. Utilizou-se literatura especializada, coleções identificadas por especialistas para confirmar as características diferenciais dos táxons e montada uma chave de identificação para as espécies. Foram descritas cinco espécies e quatro subespécies, distribuídas em quatro gêneros: Manilkara bidentata subsp. bidentata, M. bidentata subsp. surinamensis, M. triflora, M. paraensis; Micropholisvenulosa, M. gnaphaloclados; Pouteria ramiflora, P. reticulata subsp. reticulata and Pradosia schomburgkiana subsp. schomburgkiana. O gênero Manilkara Adans.foi o mais representativo com duas espécies e duas subespécies. A formação floresta de restinga foi o ecossistema que apresentou o maior número de táxons.
Prevalência e fatores associados à obesidade abdominal em indivíduos na faixa etária de 25 a 59 anos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Authors: Pinho Claudia Porto Sabino , Diniz Alcides da Silva , Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande de , Batista Filho Malaquias , Coelho Poliana Cabral , Sequeira Leopoldina Augusta de Souza , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de
Published: March 2013

Com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência de obesidade abdominal e avaliar os fatores associados em adultos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, foi realizado, em 2006, um estudo transversal, de base populacional, envolvendo 1.580 indivíduos na faixa etária de 25-59 anos. A obesidade abdominal foi determinada pela circunferência da cintura ≥ 80cm para mulheres e ≥ 94cm para homens. O modelo conceitual considerou variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, reprodutivas e comportamentais. A prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 27,1% (IC95%: 23,8-30,7) no sexo masculino e 69,9% (IC95%: 66,8-72,8) no feminino (p < 0,001). A análise ajustada revelou maior prevalência em homens a partir de 50 anos, da região metropolitana, de maior renda, ex-fumantes e consumidores de bebidas alcoólicas. Entre as mulheres, foi mais prevalente a partir de 30 anos, em ex-fumantes e naquelas com a primeira gestação antes de 18 anos. Fica evidente a gravidade e a multifatorialidade do problema da adiposidade central no Estado de Pernambuco, além de ser possível destacar que os determinantes da obesidade são diferentes entre os sexos.
Peso ao nascer de crianças brasileiras menores de dois anos
Authors: Viana Kelly de Jesus , Taddei José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo , Cocetti Monize , Warkentin Sarah
Published: March 2013

O baixo peso ao nascer tem grande relação com risco de morrer no primeiro ano de vida. Estudos mostram sua associação com problemas de desenvolvimento na infância e doenças na vida adulta. Dada a importância desse indicador, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os fatores sociais, demográficos, biológicos e ambientais envolvidos na sua determinação. Analisaram-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Demografia e Saúde da Criança e da Mulher (PNDS-2006), incluindo apenas crianças menores de 24 meses de vida. A prevalência de baixo peso ao nascer no Brasil foi de 6,1%. Os fatores de risco identificados foram sexo feminino, residir nas macrorregiões Sul e Sudeste e ser filho de mães com baixa escolaridade ou tabagistas. Houve mudanças no perfil do baixo peso ao nascer, com maior prevalência em regiões mais desenvolvidas economicamente, refletindo a transição epidemiológica perinatal, caracterizada por mudanças nos padrões de assistência ao parto e incorporação dos avanços tecnológicos na assistência perinatal, além de fatores de risco biológicos conhecidos associados à pobreza e à desinformação.
Perception of social support by individuals with diabetes mellitus and foot ulcers
Authors: Figueira Ana Laura Galhardo , Boas Lílian Cristiane Gomes Villas , Freitas Maria Cristina Foss de , Foss Milton César , Pace Ana Emilia
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perception of social support and the relationship of sociodemographic, clinical and metabolic control variables in individuals with diabetes mellitus and foot ulcers in an outpatient unit. METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional approach was carried out using a social support network inventory. RESULTS: Participants had a high perception of social support; family and health professionals were identified as the main support sources. Fasting plasma glucose values were directly related with social support. CONCLUSION: Family members were identified as the main support source, which emphasizes their importance in the health care process.
Perception of aging among Korean undergraduate nursing students
Authors: Jo Kae-Hwa , An Gyeong-Ju
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To explore perceptions of aging among Korean undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: The participants for the study were 102 undergraduate nursing students, selected from two universities in Korea. The questions were non-structured, open-ended in order for the students to make sufficiently complete statements regarding their experiences with aging. RESULTS: The collected materials were classified into 4 themes, 13 sub-themes and 30 meaning units. Four themes emerged: fullness, emptiness, transference, and desirability. Most nursing students perceived aging positively as fullness and desirability, which are influenced by Confucianism. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Confucianism as a cultural context should be considered to develop strategies for promoting a positive perception of aging in Korea.
Sleep and rest needs of seniors: a study grounded in the work of Henderson
Authors: Clares Jorge Wilker Bezerra , Freitas Maria Célia de , Galiza Francisca Tereza de , Almeida Paulo César de
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To identify the sleep/rest needs of an elderly population cared for by the Family Health Strategy, based on Virginia Henderson's theoretical framework. METHOD: This descriptive, quantitative study was conducted from May to June, 2011 through the application of a questionnaire to 52 seniors living in an area covered by a Primary Health Care (PHC) unit in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. The data were analyzed using statistical software. RESULTS: the sleep disorders most frequently reported by the seniors were: sleeping less than four hours a night (84.6%), daytime sleepiness (71.2%), nighttime awakenings (71.2%), and the use of sleep medications (21.2%). Association was significant in relation to the variables: age (p=0.05), morbidities (p=0.02), smoking (p=0.01), and pain when moving (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: The sleep/rest needs of seniors were significantly associated with socio-economic factors and health conditions.
Nursing intervention in insulin administration: telephone follow-up
Authors: Becker Tânia Alves Canata , Teixeira Carla Regina de Souza , Zanetti Maria Lucia
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the competency of people with diabetes mellitus to perform the insulin administration process, before and after telephone monitoring. METHODS: A quantitative, observational, longitudinal, comparative study. Participants were 26 people enrolled in the at-home capillary glycemia self-monitoring program. Data collection occurred in three phases, in January and February of 2010, for a period of 30 days for each person, by means of interview guided by a data collection instrument and an intervention manual. RESULTS: Of the 38 (100%) questions referring to the insulin administration process, telephone monitoring was demonstrated to be efficient in 30 (78.9%), but in 19 (50%) the intervention was statistically significant (p<0.05), in 11 (28.9%) there were no errors in responses to the final competency evaluation, and seven (18.4%) were not amenable to intervention. CONCLUSION: Telephone mornitoring was effective, as a nursing intervention strategy for the insulin administration process in the home.
Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: sociodemographic profile, biometrics and health
Authors: Lessmann Juliana Cristina , Silva Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da , Nassar Silvia Modesto
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To understand the profile of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, focusing on sociodemographic factors, biometrics and health. METHODS: A quantitative, transversal, prospective study with a stratified random sample, conducted in Florianópolis/SC with 147 women by means of home visits between April and August of 2009. RESULTS: The women had a mean age of 66 years, presented elevated indexes of body weight, capillary glycemia and abdominal circumference, along with a low adherence to non-pharmacological treatment. A low educational level was associated with inadequate glycemic control, no physical activity, and inadequacy of the diet. CONCLUSIONS: Women with lower education constitute a vulnerable group and require health interventions congruent with their capacities of understanding and possibilities of adaptation to treatment.
Knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Okuno Meiry Fernanda Pinto , Fram Dayana Souza , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida , Belasco Angélica Gonçalves Silva
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: Assess the knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly with HIV/AIDS served in a specialized ambulatory clinic; and identify the epidemiological profile of these patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study with a sample of 148 people aged 50 years and over. The Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale was used to assess the knowledge and the attitudes about sexuality of the elderly. RESULTS: The study included 148 elderly, male gender (63.5%), single (30.5%), retired and pensioners (53%), low socioeconomic class (60%), only 21% have completed the Secondary Education, monthly family income 3.3 minimum wages, time since diagnosis 156 months and predominant form of infection via sexual (66.2%). ASKAS knowledge score was 32.2 and attitudes score was 15.5. There was significant association between the knowledge ASKAS with the female gender, being a widow and more than one comorbidity; and between the attitudes ASKAS with complete Secondary Education and physical activity. CONCLUSION: Patients with HIV/AIDS showed favorable knowledge and attitudes about sexuality in the elderly, and women that were housewives showed significant knowledge.
Multidimensional evaluation of the elderly undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Armendaris Marinez Kellermann , Monteiro Pedro Sadi
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: Know the multidimensional aspects of the elderly undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiological study conducted in the Cardiology Institute of the Distrito Federal-IC/DF. The instrument used for data collection contained the following variables: sociodemographic, clinical, assessment scores of cognitive function, emotional and functional capacity. Chi-square and Student's T tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Among the total population, 64% was female; illiterate elderly and with minimal training, combined, accounted for 80%. Dyslipidemia and systolic hypertension were the most prevalent chronic diseases. More than 50% of the elderly presented cognitive and emotional amendments, and functional dependency to some extent. CONCLUSION: These results point to the complexity of the elderly regarding their health condition, and also refer to the need for an integrated approach in health that reflects on improvements in the quality of life of the elderly.
Religious/spiritual coping in institutionalized elderly
Authors: Vitorino Luciano Magalhães , Vianna Lucila Amaral Carneiro
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the spiritual/religious coping (SRC) of elderly of two institutions of long-stay for elderly, from two towns Pouso Alegre and Santa Rita in south of Minas Gerais state Brazil and to correlate the SRC with personal characteristics. METHODS: The work is based on epidemiological and analytical cross-sectional design method with nonprobability sampling and sample of 77 elderly. The instruments used are characterization staff which consists of 15 multiple choice questions, scale of two dimensions SRC, SRC positive and SRC negative. RESULTS: both groups were balanced between the sexes, by the average age of 76 years old, 81.6 % did not complete primary education and 96.1 % practiced a religion. There was a high use of the SRC total average use and showed higher scores with age and time of residence and SRC Total. CONCLUSION: final analyses of the data demonstrated that the elderly uneducated and with religion presented SRC strategies so high and positive.
Validation of the concept Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output
Authors: Santos Eduarda Ribeiro dos , Souza Mariana Fernandes de , Gutiérrez Maria Gaby Rivero de , Maria Vera Lucia Regina , Barros Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: to validate the concept "risk for decreased cardiac output". METHOD: Six of the eight steps suggested in the technique developed by Walker & Avant were adopted to analyze the concept of the phenomenon under study and the proposal made by Hoskins was used for content validation, taking into account agreement achieved among five experts. RESULTS: the concept "decreased cardiac output" was found in the nursing and medical fields and refers to the heart's pumping capacity while the concept "risk" is found in a large number of disciplines. In regard to the defining attributes, "impaired pumping capacity" was the main attribute of decreased cardiac output and "probability" was the main attribute of risk. The uses and defining attributes of the concepts "decreased cardiac output" and "risk" were analyzed as well as their antecedent and consequent events in order to establish the definition of "risk for decreased cardiac output", which was validated by 100% of the experts. CONCLUSION: The obtained data indicate that the risk for decreased cardiac output phenomenon can be a nursing diagnosis and refining it can contribute to the advancement of nursing classifications in this context.
Clinical validation of the Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale
Authors: Fujinaga Cristina Ide , Moraes Suzana Alves de , Zamberlan-Amorim Nelma Ellen , Castral Thaíla Corrêa , Silva Andreara de Almeida e , Scochi Carmen Gracinda Silvan
Published: March 2013

INTRODUCTION: Health professionals have great difficulties to establish the adequate and safe time to start breast feeding in preterm infants. There is a need to develop a standardized tool to help health professionals to comprehensively evaluate preterm infant readiness to transition preterm infants´ feeding from gastric to oral, and encourage breast feeding practice in neonatal units. Aims: To clinical validate the accuracy of a Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale with 60 clinically stable preterm infants. METHODS: Global accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale cut-offs, compared to milk intake through translactation, were estimated through ROC curves (Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves). RESULTS: The global accuracy of Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale was 74.38%. The highest sensitivity and specificity were obtained for three cut-offs: 28, 29 and 30. Since higher specificity (75.68%) for the Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale was found at a score cut-off=of 30 showed higher specificity (75.68%), it should be used as a cut-off score to select initiate breastfeeding the preterm newborns' oral feeding readiness. CONCLUSION: The Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale is considered valid to assist health professionals to initiate preterm feeding in view of promoting safe and objective breastfeeding.
Rasch Analysis of the Power as Knowing Participation in Change Tool - the Brazilian version
Authors: Guedes Erika de Souza , Orozco-Vargas Luiz Carlos , Turrini Ruth Natália Teresa , Sousa Regina Márcia Cardoso de , Santos Mariana Alvina dos , Cruz Diná de Almeida Lopes Monteiro da
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: the objective of this study was to evaluate the items contained in the Brazilian version of the Power as Knowing Participation in Change Tool (PKPCT). METHOD: investigation of the psychometric properties of the mentioned questionnaire through Rasch analysis. RESULTS: the data from 952 nursing assistants and 627 baccalaureate nurses were analyzed (average age 44.1 (SD=9.5); 13.0% men). The subscales Choices, Awareness, Freedom and Involvement were tested separately and presented unidimensionality; the categories of the responses given to the items were compiled from 7 to 3 levels and the items fit the model well, except for the following/leading item, in which the infit and outfit values were above 1.4; this item has also presented Differential Item Functioning (DIF) according to the participant's role. The reliability of the items was of 0.99 and the reliability of the participants ranged from 0.80 to 0.84 in the subscales. Items with extremely high levels of difficulty were not identified. CONCLUSIONS: the PKPCT should not be viewed as unidimensional, items with extremely high levels of difficulty in the scale need to be created and the differential functioning of some items has to be further investigated.
Organizational influence on the occurrence of work accidents involving exposure to biological material
Authors: Marziale Maria Helena Palucci , Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla Rossi , Robazzi Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz , Cenzi Camila Maria , Santos Heloisa Ehmke Cardoso dos , Trovó Marli Elisa Mendes
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVES: to analyze work accidents involving exposure to biological materials which took place among personnel working in nursing and to evaluate the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of these accidents. METHOD: a retrospective, analytical study, carried out in two stages in a hospital that was part of the Network for the Prevention of Work Accidents. The first stage involved the analysis of the characteristics of the work accidents involving exposure to biological materials as recorded over a seven-year period by the nursing staff in the hospital studied, and registered in the Network databank. The second stage involved the analysis of 122 nursing staff members' perception of the institutional culture, who were allocated to the control group (workers who had not had an accident) and the case group (workers who had had an accident). RESULTS: 386 accidents had been recorded: percutaneous lesions occurred in 79% of the cases, needles were the materials involved in 69.7% of the accidents, and in 81.9% of the accident there was contact with blood. Regarding the influence of the organizational culture on the occurrence of accidents, the results obtained through the analysis of the two groups did not demonstrate significant differences between the average scores attributed by the workers in each organizational value or practice category. It is concluded that accidents involving exposure to biological material need to be avoided, however, it was not possible to confirm the influence of organizational values or practices on workers' behavior concerning the occurrence of these accidents.
Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis Risk for Aspiration among patients who experienced a cerebrovascular accident
Authors: Cavalcante Tahissa Frota , Araújo Thelma Leite de , Moreira Rafaella Pessoa , Guedes Nirla Gomes , Lopes Marcos Venicios de Oliveira , Silva Viviane Martins da
Published: March 2013

OBJECTIVE: the study's objective was the clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis Risk for Aspiration among patients who experienced cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). METHOD: a prospective cohort study was conducted with 24 patients hospitalized due to a CVA. The instrument used to collect the data addressed the risk factors for respiratory aspiration, validated by concept analysis and by experts. RESULTS: the most frequent risk factors for respiratory aspiration were: dysphagia (54.2%) and impaired physical mobility (41.7%). The prevalence of the nursing diagnosis Risk for Aspiration was 58.3% and the prevalence of respiratory aspiration over the span of 48 hours (monitoring period) was 37.5%. Risk factors for dysphagia and impaired physical mobility were significantly associated with respiratory aspiration. CONCLUSION: the risk factors dysphagia and impaired physical mobility are good predictors of the nursing diagnosis Risk for Aspiration. This study contributed to improving the NANDA-I Taxonomy and the systematization of the nursing process.
Development of cassava doughnuts enriched with Spirulina platensis biomass
Authors: Rabelo Samantha Ferreira , Lemes Ailton Cesar , Takeuchi Katiuchia Pereira , Frata Marcela Tostes , Carvalho João Carlos Monteiro de , Danesi Eliane Dalva Godoy
Published: March 2013

The cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis has been cultivated in a fed batch process with urea as the nitrogen source, in order to obtain dehydrated biomass for incorporation into food, aiming at nutritional enrichment and the production of a functional character, due to the amount of proteins, vitamins and several bioactive compounds found in this cyanobacterium. In this study, response surface methodology was used to analyze the substitution of wheat flour by cassava in the development of doughnuts with added Spirulina platensis biomass and inverted sugar, in order to increase the rate of the Maillard's reaction and mask the green colour of the biomass. The formulations were evaluated in relation to their proximate, sensory and technological compositions, which, when compared to the standard formulation, without the addition of S. platensis biomass and inverted sugar, showed the feasibility of adding the biomass to bestow nutritional enrichment without significantly affecting the sensory acceptance of the product or its typical characteristics.
Propriedades reológicas de sucos mistos de manga, goiaba e acerola adicionados de fitoquímicos
Authors: Faraoni Aurélia Santos , Ramos Afonso Mota , Guedes Danilo Bergamaschi , Moacir Marcos Roberto , Pinto Ribeiro
Published: March 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento reológico dos sucos mistos de manga, goiaba e acerola, adicionados de fitoquímicos, em sete temperaturas (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 e 70 ºC), e o efeito da temperatura na viscosidade aparente. As análises reológicas foram conduzidas em um reômetro de cilindros concêntricos, marca Brookfield, modelo R/S plus SST 2000. Os valores experimentais de tensão de cisalhamento versus taxa de deformação foram ajustados pelos modelos de Ostwald-de-Waele (Lei da Potência), Casson e Herschel-Bulkley. Observou-se que os três modelos apresentaram altos coeficientes de determinação (R² > 0,978), indicando que qualquer um destes pode ser utilizado para descrever o comportamento reológico dos sucos, caracterizados como fluidos não newtonianos com características pseudoplásticas. O efeito da temperatura no comportamento reológico dos sucos foi descrito pela Equação de Arrhenius e foi possível observar um decréscimo no valor da viscosidade aparente com o aumento da temperatura.
Ecologia política, justiça e educação ambiental crítica: perspectivas de aliança contra-hegemônica
Authors: Loureiro Carlos Frederico B. , Layrargues Philippe Pomier
Published: March 2013

Objetivamos com o presente artigo trazer alguns argumentos e contribuições teóricas que sustentam a pertinência da articulação entre a denominada educação ambiental crítica e o movimento de justiça ambiental, em decorrência da aproximação no modo como definem as causas da crise atual, estabelecem estratégias de luta social e defendem o projeto societário anticapitalista. Essa articulação não só é oportuna para os processos de superação das relações sociais alienadas destrutivas da natureza, mas também reforça uma perspectiva da ecologia política, para a qual as determinações são materiais e de classe. Nos três movimentos - educação ambiental crítica, justiça ambiental e ecologia política - ocorre um processo argumentativo contínuo de ressignificação ideológica da questão ambiental, agindo como contraponto das interpretações hegemônicas do senso comum acerca do fenômeno socioambiental. Todos possuem elementos em comum que conformam o amálgama mediante o qual se pode efetuar a crítica e operar politicamente a favor da transformação social.
Educação ambiental e cultura: articulando mídia e conhecimento popular sobre plantas
Authors: Guido Lucia de Fátima Estevinho , Dias Inez Reptton , Ferreira Gustavo Lopes , Miranda Aline Bertoldo
Published: March 2013

O artigo fundamenta-se em reflexões advindas de uma pesquisa sobre as múltiplas possibilidades 'do fazer' educação ambiental, tendo como ponto de partida um estudo em etnobotânica que buscou conhecer e valorizar o conhecimento sobre plantas em distritos rurais da cidade de Uberlândia, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada com crianças, jovens e pessoas da comunidade dos distritos de Tapuirama e Cruzeiro dos Peixotos mediante a utilização de diversas linguagens das mídias. As abordagens metodológicas se diferenciaram no percurso investigativo procurando adequar-se à realidade de cada distrito. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de diversas mídias visuais, como fotografia e vídeo. Estes instrumentos estavam presentes nas diferentes oficinas realizadas ao longo da pesquisa; na última, houve a produção coletiva do documentário Causos do Cerrado. O estudo fez interagir o local (tradição do conhecimento popular sobre as plantas) e o global (recursos tecnológicos empregados na produção midiática).
The strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete structures analysed by a numerical technique
Authors: Almeida V. S. , Simonetti H. L. , Oliveira Neto L.
Published: March 2013

The strut-and-tie models are appropriate to design and to detail certain types of structural elements in reinforced concrete and in regions of stress concentrations, called "D" regions. This is a good model representation of the structural behavior and mechanism. The numerical techniques presented herein are used to identify stress regions which represent the strut-and-tie elements and to quantify their respective efforts. Elastic linear plane problems are analyzed using strut-and-tie models by coupling the classical evolutionary structural optimization, ESO, and a new variant called SESO - Smoothing ESO, for finite element formulation. The SESO method is based on the procedure of gradual reduction of stiffness contribution of the inefficient elements at lower stress until it no longer has any influence. Optimal topologies of strut-and-tie models are presented in several instances with good settings comparing with other pioneer works allowing the design of reinforcement for structural elements.
'Academic literacies approaches to genre'?
Authors: Street Brian
Published: March 2013

I provide an overview of approaches to writing referred to as 'academic literacies' building on broader traditions, such as New Literacy Studies, and I draw out the relevance of such traditions for the ways in which lecturers provide support to their students with regard to the writing requirements of the University. I offer three case studies of the application of academic literacies approaches to programmes concerned with supporting student writing, in the UK and the USA. I briefly conclude by asking how far these accounts and this work can be seen to bring together many of the themes raised at SIGET conferences - including academic literacies and its relation to genre theories - and express the hope that it opens up trajectories for future research and collaboration of the kind they were founded to develop.
A avaliação em foco: o que provam as provas de Língua Portuguesa e de Redaçao do exame vestibular?
Authors: Dell'Isola Regina Lúcia Péret
Published: March 2013

As provas de Língua Portuguesa e de Redação dos vestibulares são instrumentos voltados para a seleção de candidatos aptos para ingressar no Ensino Superior. Espera-se que eles demonstrem ter conhecimentos linguísticos e textuais que lhes permitam interpretar e produzir textos da esfera acadêmica. Mas, essas provas evidenciam os conhecimentos necessários para a admissão dos melhores candidatos nos cursos de graduação? Com o objetivo de responder a essa pergunta, analisamos questões propostas em vestibulares da UFMG nos últimos dez anos. Constatamos que, entre 2000 e 2009, avaliam-se competências a serem demonstradas por meio de habilidades, como localizar informações explícitas, inferir as implícitas em um texto, reconhecer novos sentidos atribuídos às palavras dentro de uma produção textual. Constatamos também a presença de diversos gêneros textuais da mídia impressa que favorece a reflexão crítica, o exercício de formas de pensamento mais elaboradas. Concluímos que as provas desse concurso cumprem a meta a que se destinam.
Paying the rent: languaging particularity and novelty
Authors: Bazerman Charles
Published: March 2013

Issues of plagiarism and originality have been revivified by the internet in two distinct ways. First, the internet has provided new resources for both school learning and school cheating - raising values of individual responsibility, academic integrity and institutional policing. Second, the internet has heightened the tension between intellectual property and the cultural commons - raising values of economic reward and ownership versus those of cultural heritage, communal creativity, and critical comment. A Bakhtinian way of sorting through these two important sets of issues, without conflating the distinct sets of concerns, is to recognize how deeply we are always embedded in the language of others, using and responding to utterances that proceeded ours, while also recognizing the supplement of originality, freshness, or situational specificity expected in particular tasks. When we analyze academic and other situations from this perspective we find that the expected reliance on the cultural commons and the expected supplement varies from task to task, and a procedure which is considered cheating or a failure of originality in one situation is expected and appropriate in another. In educational settings we would do well to identify with greater specificity how students should use the cultural commons in each task and the specific forms of fresh or novel work we also expect them to accomplish. We should then calibrate our identification of plagiaristic cheating in relation to the specific expected originality appropriate to the task.
A tenant's lot: on paying the rent or facing the prospect of eviction - a response to Bazerman
Authors: Rajagopalan Kanavillil
Published: March 2013

Bazerman's point (cf. Bazerman, this issue of RBLA) that the whole notion of plagiarism is beset with a fundamental, conceptual paradox is argued to be absolutely right as far as it goes but is shown to be only one of a plethora of inter-related paradoxes that plague the entire conceptual field. On the one hand, this makes plagiarism a concept (if at all it is one!) so very difficult to grapple with and particular cases of alleged plagiarism next to impossible to pin down with any amount of clarity or hundred per cent certainty. But on the other hand, it is perfectly reasonable to continue viewing the issue of plagiarism as an ethical one though not necessarily a moral imperative.
Compliance in Early-Phase Cancer Clinical Trials Research
Authors: Kurzrock Razelle , Stewart David J.
Published: March 2013

Regulations and ethical principles require that investigators seek consent and that patients participate in experimental studies only under circumstances that minimize the possibility of undue pressure and/or enticements. In recent years, there has been a rapid rise in the monitoring requirements of early-phase trials accompanied by an increasing emphasis on assuring “investigator” compliance with the protocol. It is actually, however, the patient who must comply with the requirements of the study. If there is divergence from the protocol, investigators may be reported to regulatory bodies or agencies. Whereas the investigative community is expected to be vigilant about ensuring that patients participate in studies voluntarily and that their consent is procured without duress, it is also required to guarantee that complex protocols, which entail multiple procedures, be followed exactly by participants who suffer from the complications of advanced cancer. We explore the issue of compliance in a research environment in which investigators are subject to disciplinary action if they fail to ensure that patients adhere precisely to the intense monitoring mandates of a clinical trial.
The life and times of Arthur Brome Wilson, canal engineer
Authors: Peters Timothy J. , Brown Stephen F.
Published: March 2013

Arthur Brome Wilson (1866–1944) was a civil engineer with a special interest in canals. This paper records his life including his genealogy, training, career both in the UK and in North and Central America and his specialist military service (1918–1922). His major project in the UK involved extensive repairs to the Thames–Severn Canal in Gloucestershire in 1901–1905. Owned at the time by Gloucestershire County Council, extensive records and correspondence for this project survive and have been consulted by the authors. Wilson pioneered the use of concrete for lining the canal summit, particularly for construction of the Sapperton Tunnel where geological challenges led to extensive leakages. The paper demonstrates some of the difficulties in researching a little-known peripatetic engineer and illustrates the professional challenges faced by an independent civil engineer during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.