bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Source of Menstrual Knowledge, Reaction, and Restriction during Menstruation in Chinnalapatti, Tamil Nadu: Evidence from a Cross-sectional Survey among Adolescent Schoolgirls
Authors: Ranjan Priya , Rathisha R.
Published: May 2022

Background: The study aims to determine the factors associated with restriction during menstruation among adolescent girls. To find out the source of knowledge and information regarding menstruation and emotional reaction at the time of menarche. Methods: A Cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Schools of Chinnalapatti, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu in southern India. A sample size of 116 adolescent girls aged 9–18 years. The questionnaire included questions regarding demographics, socio-category, education, family income, age at menarche, emotion response at menarche, social restriction, source of knowledge, and information. Results: The mean age year of menarche was 11.72 ± 1.27 years. Most adolescent girls (52.59%) informed their mothers first menarche. Furthermore, significant participants responded that mothers and relatives were the common sources of knowledge and information regarding menstruation. Participants were not allowed to go in religious activities (99.14%), not allowed to go near plants (99%), forced to be separated from others (35.34%). Parent qualification had a significant influence on restriction during menstruation. Conclusion: A significant percentage of girls have to face many kinds of restrictions during menstruation. Socioeconomic factors were significantly associated with the types of restrictions during menstruation. The study suggests that elementary knowledge and awareness about menstruation must be dispersed by the schools/NGOs where teachers, students (male and female), and their parents should participate for better awareness, leading to overcoming the efficiency.
Awareness, Perception, and Practice of Obese Patients toward COVID-19: A Study from Tertiary Care Center, India
Authors: Jadon Ranveer Singh , Tripathi Divya , Allen Swati , Pandey Mayank , Gupta Karishma , Kaur Tanveer , Gupta Amulya , Ray Animesh , Ranjan Piyush , Sethi Prayas , Vikram Naval Kishore
Published: May 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 has emerged as a global health crisis. It has been established that people with obesity are prone to develop severe manifestations of COVID-19. Since there is no established treatment of the disease, yet, it is essential to increase public awareness toward prevention of infection. This study was aimed to assess the awareness, perception, and practices of obese subjects toward COVID-19 infection. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 obese patients between August 2020 and November 2020 who were enrolled in obesity and metabolic disorders clinic at our institute. A structured questionnaire consisting of 23 questions (15 of knowledge, four of perception, and four of practices) was administered by telephonic interview with the patients. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with poor knowledge and practice toward COVID-19. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41.7 ± 10.2 years, with 166 (64%) females. Mean awareness score obtained by subjects was 9.1 ± 2.2 out of 15. The scores were categorized into good, moderate, and poor. Subjects with poor awareness constituted 36% of study population. Mean perception score of participants was 14.0 ± 2 out of 20. Majority of patients (69.2%) had moderate perception score. Mean score obtained in practices was 18.5 ± 2.1 out of 20 and 92% of subjects reported good practices. Age was negatively associated with awareness score. Gender and educational qualification had a significant impact on awareness score with males having better awareness then females. Graduates and above had higher awareness score. Increase in awareness score was found to be associated with improved practices but not with perception. Conclusion: The prevalence of good practices toward COVID-19 among obese patients was high (92%) although poor awareness was also highly prevalent (36%). Increasing the awareness through various means should be considered.
Validated Method for the Determination of Five Membered Heterocyclic Polar Compound Imidazole in Drug Substances Using Capillary Electrophoresis and UV Detection
Authors: Salapaka Appalacharyulu , Bonige Kishore Babu , Sharma Hemant Kumar , Ray Uttam Kumar , Korupolu Raghu Babu
Published: May 2022

A simple and sensitive method based on capillary electrophoresis with UV detection was developed, optimized, and validated for the determination of five membered heterocyclic polar compound, imidazole in pharmaceutical drug substances. Separation was achieved on bare fused silica capillary using a simple running buffer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate at pH 4.0. Capillary temperature set at 25°C. The applied voltage was 25 kV across the capillary and the samples were injected by hydrodynamically at a pressure of 50 mbar for 5 s. Analyte was monitored at 210 nm. The achieved limit of detection value was 0.005%w/w, limit of quantification value was 0.014%w/w, and the average accuracy value was 98.4% for imidazole. The aim of present study is to develop a specific and sensitive method for the determination of imidazole to overcome the void volume and sample matrix interferences.
Microbial Association of Gastroduodenal Diseases with Special Reference to Epstein–Barr Virus and Helicobacter pylori and their Effect on Expression of miRNAs: A Review
Authors: Roy Asitava Deb , Sen Supriyo
Published: May 2022

Gastroduodenal diseases are very commonly encountered among patients who attend hospital with the complaints of dyspepsia. These diseases range from inflammatory ones like gastritis and peptic ulcer disease to neoplastic ones like gastric carcinoma and lymphoma. Gastroduodenal diseases may be caused by various factors of which microbial association with a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori and a virus called Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is noteworthy. It has also been noted in various studies that the coinfection by these two organisms may also play a significant role in an exaggerated inflammatory response in cases of gastritis which may ultimately lead to carcinoma (Correa’s cascade of carcinogenesis). As a result, it appears critical to identify both H. pylori and EBV in samples taken for biopsy in various gastroduodenal illnesses. Recent research has also suggested that these two separate etiologies may work together to cause gastric cancer, with miRNAs playing a key part in this process. This review presents the status of the current research on the association of gastroduodenal diseases with EBV and H. pylori along with the emerging context of the connection with miRNA expression. This will help to understand these complex etiologies having significant bearing on human health as well as highlight the need for intensive research in the subject.
Interval Training’s Influence on Changes in Selected Strength Parameters among College Kabaddi Players
Authors: Karuppaiah M. , Kumar M. Suresh
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of interval training on changes in selected strength parameters among college kabaddi players. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences on selected strength parameters due to the effect of interval training among college kabaddi players. For the present study, 30 male college kabaddi players from Affiliated Colleges of Bharathidasan University in Tiruchirappalli jurisdiction, Tamilnadu, were selected at random and their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. For the present study, pre-test–post-test random group design which consists of control group and experimental group was used. The subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each and named as Group “A” and Group “B”. Group “A” underwent interval training and Group “B” has not undergone any training. Explosive strength was assessed by standing long jump and muscular strength was assessed by push-up test. The data were collected before and after 12 weeks of training. The data were analyzed by applying analysis of covariance. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Interval training has a positive impact on college kabaddi players’ explosive strength and muscular strength.
Behavioral Changes and Cognitive Decline among Elderly
Authors: Dixit Shephali , Kiran U. V. , Pandey Padmini
Published: May 2022

An individual’s behavior is impacted by a complex interaction of factors such as cognitive impairment, physical and mental health, past habits, personality, and environment. The cognitive decline means that your brain does not work as well as it used to. This study aimed to examine behavioral problems and cognitive decline among the elderly. The research information was gathered using multistage random sampling from various locations of Lucknow city (U.P). A total of 100 elderly were selected for conducting the present study comprising elderly belonging to different ages and both gender. A general information sheet was developed to collect the general information of the respondents. A Revised Memory and Behavioral Checklist scale developed by Teri, 1992, was used to assess the behavioral problems among the elderly. Females were found to have severe cognitive decline and behavioral problems compared to male respondents. Cooperation from family members and counseling sessions may prove beneficial in improving the overall cognitive health of female respondents.
Prevalence of Scapulothoracic Dysfunction in Primipara after One Year of Delivery
Authors: B Shinde Sandeep , A Kadav Nayan , S Pawar Piyusha , Kumar Patil Sanjay , V Shinde Ravindra , P Ambali Manoj
Published: May 2022

Background: During pregnancy, there are various physiological, biomechanical, postural, and emotional changes taking place. The changes in posture which occurs during pregnancy are even maintained in postpartum period if they remain uncorrected. Due to the enlargement of breasts, size of the uterus, and mother’s weight, there is increase in lumbar and cervical lordosis and there is compensatory thoracic kyphosis, the shoulder and upper back become rounded. There is scapular protraction and internal rotation of the upper extremity; these adaptations of posture may also persist in the postpartum period due to infant care demands. Pectoralis muscles tightness and weakness of the scapular stabilizers may be pre-existing to or may occur due to pregnancy postural changes. Hence, there is a need of evaluating the upper quadrant musculoskeletal involvement during the postpartum period and its correlation with changes that occur during pregnancy. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of scapulothoracic dysfunction in primipara after 1 year of delivery. Methods: A total 150 primipara women who had completed 1 year of delivery were randomly selected from the Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad in this analytical observational study. Scapulothoracic dysfunction was assessed using postural examination chart in the anterior, lateral and posterior views by plumb line, manual muscle testing for muscle strength, and special tests for scapular dysfunction. Results: The result showed that 71% found to be positive for scapulothoracic dysfunction through YES/NO test, respectively. Majority of the subjects (45%) had type II scapular dyskinesis, while 18% subjects had type I, 11% had type III, and 22% had type IV. On postural examination, 27% had forward head posture, 55% had protracted shoulder, and 60% had kyphotic posture. The strength test showed that 57% subjects had weak trapezius, 60% had serratus anterior weak and significant amount of weakness with gradings in the range of −3–+3 for 57% subjects in trapezius, 60% in serratus anterior, and 65% had weak rhomboid’s major with gradings in the range of −3–+3, respectively. Conclusion: The study concludes that, statistically, there was high prevalence of scapulothoracic dysfunction in primipara women after 1 year of delivery. This was due of the slouched posture that the women’s adapted due to increase in breast size, increased size of the uterus, breast feeding positioning, and also infant care which demanded hunched back posture. It was also found that women had lack of knowledge about posture.
Flexible Parametric Survival Cure Rate Models for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Data
Authors: Vijai B. , Jayashree P. R. , Ponnuraja C.
Published: May 2022

This article mainly aims to compare Flexible parametric cure rate models using relative survival function and to predict cure fraction for tuberculosis (TB) data. In survival analysis, the Cox proportional-hazards model of time-to-event data is effective, but still there may be some benefits of using parametric models than non-parametric or semi-parametric models. Sometimes, it happens that a certain fraction of the data corresponds to subjects who are never involved in the event when assessing time-to-event data. Survival models that take this characteristic into account are typically referred to as cure rate models. Hence, in this article the parametric cure model to time-to-event (sputum conversion) on pulmonary TB data with the survival time distribution such as Weibull, Gamma, Exponential and Lognormal is developed. The objective of this article is to compare cure rate models to find the best model fitting survival time using the relative survival function and to predict cure fraction of TB data. The data were analyzed using “R-4.0.2” and STATA 15.0.0 statistical tools.
An Ayurvedic Understanding on Applications of Yogic Prana Mudra in Relation with Prana Vayu as a Supportive Measure during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Bhavya B. M. , Shubhashree M. N. , Doddamani S. H.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Our body is a mini universe made of Panchamahabhuta (five basic elements). The Panchamahabhuta siddhantha is a basic principle of Ayurveda on which the fundamentals such as sharira (physical body), dosha (biological homors), dhatu (tissues), and mala (excretory products) are explained. The disturbance in these elements leads to an imbalanced mind and body to cause various diseases. There are various mudra (hand gestures) explained in Yoga which helps to balance these basic elements within ourselves to maintain good health. Out of these, Prana mudra has been chosen as it is one such simple yogic gesture designed to balance the Prana Vayu in the body which is very essential in maintaining the proper functioning of the lungs, to energize the heart and increases vitality. Objectives: The study aims to generate a simple conceptual framework for understanding the applications of Prana mudra and to distinguish its utility in terms of Ayurveda. Methods: Appropriate literatures of both sciences are referred, and a concept has been framed. Conclusion: Prana vayu is considered as a type of vata dosha in Ayurveda. It represents the functions of vital structures such as lungs and heart, and it is also responsible for the actions which aids in sustenance of life, and it complements well with prana (vital energy), a subtle counterpart of vata as stated in the former.
Antibacterial Activity of Ceratopteris thalictroides: An Unexplored Wild Food
Authors: Behera Trupteemayee , Kaur Amandeep , Kumar Arvind , Maggirwar Rekha , Kumar Sanjeet
Published: May 2022

Ceratopteris thalictroides is an important pteridophyte having food and medicinal values. It is easily available near the coastal wetland and in lowland paddy fields. The local communities consume them as a leafy vegetable and it is also a food of herbivores. Therefore, an attempt has been made to gather the information and collect the plant from the coastal areas of Konark, Odisha, India. The survey was made in January 2021 and through Passport Data Form, the information was collected. Results revealed that plant species is used as food and to cure many diseases. The phytochemical screening indicated its medicinal potential. It was observed that antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Shigella flexneri was sound. The present study highlights an unexplored fern for future food and formulation of new drugs from it to fight against antimicrobial resistance.
"U Puna Maisi'a Yari Maisi'a": Kajian Teologi Kontekstual Terkait Pandangan Orang Maneo di Seram Utara tentang Tanah dan Hutan bagi Kemanusiaan Mereka
Authors: Paays Hendrik Jondri , Gaspersz Steve G. Ch. , Hetharia Henky H.
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article examines the perspective of the Maneo community on land and forest as identity. Based on an oral tradition, the Maneo people understand land and forest as medium for meeting Lahatala (the supreme god, the creator, the sacred) and their ancestors to interconnect with other creations. The destruction and control of the land of the Maneo people not only destroy their lives and future but also harm their cultural andreligious identities. Using a qualitative research method, this article studies Maneo people’s views on land and forests in relation to their existence and identity. Through the presentation of Maneo’s perspective on U’puna maisi’a yari maisi’a as an entry point, this study explores the realities of land tenure and forest destruction in Maneo, and the way thechurch responds to the situation. As a conclusion, this article offers a contextual theology about humanizing humans in the concept of Maneo society.

AbstrakTulisan ini hendak menggali perspektif orang Maneo tentang tanah dan hutan sebagai identitas dirinya. Memegang teguh prinsip kultural (turun temurun dari) yang diturun-alihkan leluhur, orang Maneo memahami tanah dan hutan sebagai medium perjumpaan dengan Lahatala (Tuhan Pencipta, yang sakral) dan leluhur, serta sebagai cara berelasi dengan sesamanya dan ciptaan lainnya. Penulis menandaskan, penghancuran dan penguasan lahan tidak saja menjadi kekelaman masa depan orang Maneo, melainkan jugameluluhlantahkan identitas kultural dan religi mereka. Melalui metode pendekatan kualitatif, tulisan ini hendak menggali pandangan orang Maneo tentang tanah dan hutan bagi eksistensi dan identitas mereka. Pertama-tama, penulis memperlihatkan perspektif orang Maneo tentang U’puna maisi’a yari maisi’a. Hal itu menjadi pintu masuk untuk mendalami realitas gempuran penguasaan tanah dan pengrusakan hutan yang marak terjadi di Maneo. Lantas, bagaimana gereja memaknai fenomena tersebut. Akhirnya, tulisan ini diakhiri dengan tawaran teologi kontekstual tentang memanusiakan manusia dalam konsep orang Maneo.
Penerapan Metode Cambrigde Scriptural Reasoning Texts (CSRT) pada Kelas Pendidikan Agama Kristen di Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana
Authors: Minarni Nani
Published: May 2022

Abstract The aim of this Classroom Action Experimental Research is to know the changing attitude of the students after implementing CSRT method. Christian Religious Education (CRE) at Duta Wacana Christian University (DWCU) emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach covering the fields of Sociology, Psychology, Theology, and Studies of Religions. Through CRE, students are expected to embrace inclusive and respectable attitudes as Indonesian citizens. How do CRE materials support the formation of inclusive and respectable attitudes? One of the teaching materials is the Interpretation of Scriptural Texts that are theoretically taken from the thoughts of John Hayes and Holladay in Biblical Exegesis, while the form of development of the theoretical interpretation exercise uses the “Cambridge Scriptural Reasoning Texts (CSRT)” method. The CSRT method was tested in one of the CRE classes as a “research sample”. The finding shows that students’ insights and perspectives were more open after learning hermeneutics using the CSRT method.

Abstrak Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Experimental ini bertujuan untuk melihat perubahan sikap mahasiswa setelah menerapkan metode CSRT. Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) di UKDW menekankan pada pendekatan multidisiplin yang meliputi bidang Sosiologi, Psikologi, Teologi, dan Studi Agama-agama. Melalui PAK, mahasiswa diharapkan semakin dikuatkan dalam menghidupi sikap inklusif dan respek sebagai warga bangsa Indonesia. Bagaimana materi PAK mendukung pembentukan sikap inklusif dan respek? Salah satu materi bahan ajar PAK di UKDW yakni Interpretasi Teks Kitab Suci yang secara teoritik diambil dari pemikiran John Hayes dan Holladay dalam Biblical Exegesis, sedangkan bentuk pengembangan dari latihan interpretasi atas teori tersebut digunakan metode “Cross Scriptural Reasoning Texts (CSRT)”. Metode CSRT tersebut diujikan dalam salah satu kelas PAK sebagai “sampel penelitian”, didapati bahwa wawasan dan cara pandang mahasiswa semakin terbuka setelah belajar hermeneutik dengan metode CSRT.
Mengidungkan Macapat Injil lewat Lectio Divina: Sebuah Usaha Membumikan Kitab Suci dalam Budaya Jawa
Authors: Aryanto Antonius Galih Arga Wiwin , Kurniawan Agustinus Brian
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe conversion of the Gospel texts into the Javanese song (macapat) is a strategic effort to enroot the Word of God in the Javanese culture. The process of conversion requires a mastery of the formula of macapat comprising guru lagu, guru gatra, and guru wilangan. Sindhunata and Suwandi have conducted a research project on such conversion. Thisarticle suggests that the method of lectio divina, as a tradition of bible reading in the Church to contemplate the word of God, can be employed in singing the Gospel macapat. Merging the two traditions helps believers experience the Word through the process of ngeningke cipta, nggegilut sabda, and nglelimbang sabda suci.

AbstrakPenerjemahan teks Injil ke dalam macapat Jawa merupakan langkah strategis untuk membumikan Sabda Allah dalam budaya Jawa. Tentu saja penerjemahan tersebut membutuhkan keahlian menguasai rumus-rumus tembang Jawa, yaitu guru lagu, guru gatra, dan guru wilangan, dan menyelaraskan terjemahan teks Injil Jawa dalam rumusan tersebut. Paper penelitian tentang macapat Injil karya Sindhunata dan Suwandi berupaya untuk memahami proses penerjemahan dari teks Injil bahasa Jawa menjadi teks macapat Jawa. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa teks macapat Injil ini bisa ditembangkan dan didalami dengan metode lectio divina, sebagai sebuah metode tradisional Gereja agar orang beriman bisa meresapi makna sebuah teks Injil. Saat macapatan, orang beriman diundangmasuk pada kandungan makna terdalam dari sabda Allah, dan mengalami pertemuan dengan Sang Sabda sendiri lewat ngeningke cipta, nggegilut sabda, dan nglelimbang sabda suci.
The role of leukotriene receptor blockers in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Savlevich E. L. , Kurbacheva O. M. , Zurochka A. V. , Mitrofanova E. S. , Smolkin Yu. S. , Lyubimova E. V.
Published: May 2022

Background. Leukotrienes play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and eosinophilic type of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). There is a phenotype of CRSwNP in combination with AR, which has specifics of local inflammation.

The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy of using an antileukotriene drug in the treatment of AR in combination with CRSwNP.

Materials and methods. 63 patients with AR and bilateral CRSwNP after endoscopic bilateral polypotomy were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the 1st group 32 people (age 50.28 ± 1.37 years) were prescribed a basic therapy with nasal spray of mometasone furoate at a daily dose of 400 µg in combination with montelukast 1 tab. 10 mg at night, in the 2nd group 31 people (age 50.31 ± 1, 16 years old) received only mometasone furoate monotherapy. Endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity was performed once every 3 months. The follow-up period was 1 year.

Results. After 3 months in the 1st group of patients there was a recurrence of polyp growth was observed in 25% of cases, in the 2nd group in 35.5% of patients (p < 0.05). After 6 months, the number of relapses of CRSwNP decreased to 15.6% of cases in group 1 and to 22.6% in group 2 (p < 0.05). After 9 months in group 1 recurrence of NP was recorded in 12.5% of patients and nasal polyps were completely absent during endoscopic examination in 9.4% of cases, in the 2nd group, relapse was detected in 19.35% of patients (p < 0.05). 1 year after surgery, in group 1, relapse of NP was found in 12.5% of patients with AR and in 12.5% of cases was remission of the pathological process with cancellation of basic therapy. In group 2, recurrence of NP was in 16.1% of cases, there were no reasons for withdraw treatment of intranasal glucocorticosteroids in this group.

Discussion. The clinical effectiveness of the addition of Montelukast to basic therapy has been reflected in a reduction in the growth rate of polyposic vegetation, the number of repeated operations and the stabilization of the flow of chronic inflammatory process.

Conclusions. In the case of the clinical phenotype of AR with CRSwNP, the addition of a leukotriene receptor blocker montelukast to the basic therapy of intranasal glucocorticosteroids made it possible to improve drug control of both diseases and reduce the frequency of CRSwNP relapses.
Quality of life in patients with otosclerosis
Authors: Svistushkin V. M. , Sinkov E. V. , Stozhkova I. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. One of the most relevant areas of modern medicine is research affecting the assessment of the quality of life of a person. Hearing loss can significantly limit various areas of life, thereby affecting the overall quality of life and certain particular characteristics. One of the methods of surgical treatment of otosclerosis is stapedoplasty with the installation of a titanium prosthesis.

Aim of the study. To assess the quality of life index in patients with otosclerosis and its dynamics depending on the surgical treatment performed.

Materials and methods. The study involved 39 patients who underwent piston stapedoplasty with the installation of a titanium prosthesis. Quality of life was assessed at the preoperative and postoperative stages. We used a Russified version of the SPOT-25 questionnaire (Stapesplasty Outcome Test 25) with a range of results, where 0 is the minimum impact, and 100 is the maximum.

Results. All patients successfully underwent stapedoplasty. The average score in the preoperative period was 58.8 ± 14.9, in the postoperative period – 29.4 ± 20.4. Statistical comparison revealed a statistically significant improvement in all separately assessed indicators (p < 0.001) and overall quality of life (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. The introduction into practice of a new tool for assessing the patient’s condition through such a parameter as quality of life can influence the rationale for the methods and tactics of patient treatment, which can positively affect the quality of medical care provided.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the 7% hypertonic solution with hyaluronic acid in patients with COVID-19 in the outpatient phase
Authors: Anikin G. S. , Stozhkova I. V. , Sharonova S. S. , Kurdyukova E. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Since 2020, the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus poses a serious threat to health systems in many countries around the world. Finding inexpensive and affordable, effective and safe medications that can promote rapid recovery and reduce the risk of a severe course of COVID-19 is an important challenge for the health care system of any country. It has long been known that 7% hypertonic sodium chloride solution has nonspecific antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal properties. A 2020 study shows the effectiveness of hypertonic NaCl solutions in blocking SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells. These data suggest that hypertonic solutions can be used as a prophylactic and alternative comprehensive treatment for patients with COVID-19.

Aim. We study the efficacy and safety of hypertonic solution with hyaluronic acid in patients undergoing outpatient treatment with mild to moderate COVID-19.

Materials and methods. We conducted an open prospective study of the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) solution 7% (Ingasalin® forte 7%) in outpatients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had 1 or more risk factors for a severe course of the disease. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. The main group received, in addition to standard therapy (according to the interim guidelines in effect at the time of treatment, version 14 dated 12/27/21), inhalation of 7% HG with HA in the morning and evening for 10 days; patients in the control group received standard therapy according to the interim guidelines.

Results and discussion. Patients of the study group who received hyaluronic acid solution 7%  had statistically significant decrease of dyspnea and normalization of saturation values already on the 5th day of therapy compared to patients of the control group. One patient in the study group was hospitalized, and 4 patients in the control group were hospitalized. There were no side effects associated with the administration of hyaluronic acid solution 7%. Also, there was no development of cough or its intensification against the background of inhalation in patients of the main group.

Conclusion. It is reasonable to use hyaluronic acid solution 7% in outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19 and with one or more risk factors of severe disease course as part of complex therapy.
Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses from the standpoint of bioregulatory systemic medicine
Authors: Dvoryanchikov V. V. , Maltseva G. S. , Pavlova S. S. , Turieva V. V.
Published: May 2022

One of the most frequent otorhinolaryngological pathologies is inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In Russia, according to the Ministry of Health and Social Development, 15% of adults and 5% of children suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis. According to analysis of medical records, indicators of ENT diseases do not decrease, and long-established treatment regimens prove to be ineffective, despite the large number of different medications. One of the hypotheses existing at the present stage attributes this tendency to the underestimation of the complexity of regulatory systems in the era of reductionism, when the organism is unable to fully adapt to the influence of the environment. In this connection, the concept of bioregulatory systems medicine (BrSM), developed by an international group of scientific experts and clinicians of different specialties, whose underlying principles are the perception of the human being as a complex and integrated system, acquires particular significance. The development of any process is carried out through multilevel interaction between the various systems of the body, the so-called intra-network interactions. According to the views accepted in BrSM, multipurpose therapy is justified to influence different links of pathogenesis. Thus, the bioregulatory approach is multitargeted, i.e., it involves the use of multicomponent drugs affecting the body as a single system. The purpose of this study is to consider treatment regimens for inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses from the perspective of bioregulatory systems medicine. It is concluded that bioregulatory nasal spray therapy is safe and well tolerated, has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, moisturizing effects, and stimulates mucosal regeneration, is combined with other medicines, and is an excellent alternative to traditional methods of treatment, has no side effects and limitations typical of them.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the preparation benzydamine hydrochloride
Authors: Detusheva E. V. , Fursova N. K. , Kukes I. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. With an increase in the level of acquired antibiotic resistance of pathogens, treatment becomes more complicated and slows down, especially in infections associated with biofilms. There is a growing need for the development and use of new antibacterial drugs with specific antimicrobial activity.

Aim. To study the antimicrobial action and the dynamics of the formation of resistance to benzydamine hydrochloride from a various infection agents. 

Materials and methods. To obtain biofilms, microorganisms were cultivated in flat-bottomed culture plates. Planktonic cells were obtained by suspending and reseeding single colonies of the daily culture into flat-bottomed culture plates. To determine the antimicrobial activity of the studied preparations, two-fold dilutions were prepared and added to the wells of the plate with a bacterial culture. The dynamics of the formation of resistance to benzydamine hydrochloride was studied by passaging the cultures in a liquid nutrient medium with increasing concentrations of the antiseptic by a twofold step. After 2–3 days of incubation from a test tube with the maximum concentration of the drug, in which bacterial growth was observed, the bacteria were transferred to new ones with higher concentrations of the drug.

Results. It was shown that benzydamine hydrochloride showed a high level of activity against bacteria M. catarrhalis and yeast-like fungi C. albicans. A slightly lower activity of the drug was noted for bacteria of the species S. aureus and E. coli, however, within the limits of the therapeutic concentration of the drug in finished dosage forms. Benzydamine hydrochloride had a significantly higher level of antibacterial activity against pre-formed biofilms compared to drugs such as chlorhexidine and hexetidine. An analysis of the dynamics of the formation of resistance to the drug benzydamine hydrochloride in microorganisms of various species showed that the possibility of developing resistance to benzydamine hydrochloride is extremely small. The process of adaptation was observed only in E. coli. The studied strains of the species S. aureus, C. albicans, and M. catarrhalis did not acquire resistance to the test drug.

Conclusion. Benzydamine hydrochloride can be effectively used against a wide range of pathogens of ENT infections, as it has been shown to have a significantly higher level of antibacterial activity against pre-formed biofilms, various types of bacteria and yeast-like fungi and an extremely low level of resistance compared to other antiseptic drugs.
Features of the treatment of acute otitis media in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ryazantsev S. V. , Tkachuk I. V. , Golovanov А. E. , Kireev P. V. , Balatskaya K. A. , Donskaya O. S.
Published: May 2022

In the pandemic new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), different clinical symptoms are observed depending on its dominant strain. The Omicron strain affects the nasal mucosa, causing the possibility of complications such as tubootitis and acute otitis media. Untimely or incomplete treatment of otitis media can contribute to the development of chronic forms of the course. Inflammatory process in the middle ear always proceeds with impaired hearing function due to the development of adhesions in the tympanic cavity. In patients with a reduced immune status, weakened course of the coronavirus infection itself, recovery comes later with a long recovery of hearing acuity, so it is very important to start treatment at the first manifestations of pain in the ear. In addition, the danger of otitis media against the background of SARS-CoV-2, if not treated in time, is the development of serious complications – mastoiditis, meningeal syndrome. Local analgesic therapy in the form of analgesic ear drops is recommended to reduce inflammation of the eardrum tissues. The combination of phenazone and lidocaine allows you to quickly stop the pain, block the development of phases of inflammation in the middle ear. Using a combination of phenazone and lidocaine reduces the time of onset of the analgesic effect, while increasing the intensity and duration of action, which is very important, especially in children. These components are not resorbed and have no systemic effect on the patient’s body. The combination of phenazone and lidocaine can be used in the treatment of children of all age groups, adults, pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Treatment and prevention of various forms of laryngitis on the background of acute respiratory infections
Authors: Korkmazov M. Yu. , Lengina M. A. , Korkmazov А. M. , Kornova N. V. , Beloshangin А. S.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the search for effective methods of treatment of various forms of laryngitis is associated with a high frequency of occurrence, which has a certain seasonality. Optimization of treatment tactics is dictated by the variability of etiopathogenetic mechanisms, with a certain similarity of clinical symptoms, and the reactivity of the mucous membrane to inflammation. The methods of treatment described in the literature are diverse and lead to the search for therapeutic adjustments.

Objective. To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of various forms of acute laryngitis using the multicomponent drug Homeovox® in complex therapy.

Materials and methods. A randomized simple controlled clinical trial involved 132 patients with acute laryngitis of various etiologies. Efficacy in terms of recovery time and safety were evaluated in two parallel groups: group 1, patients with acute laryngitis on the background of acute respiratory viral infection and group 2, patients with acute laryngitis on the background of a new strain “omicron”, COVID-19. In the course of treatment, both groups were divided into 2 subgroups: 1st – patients who received standard conservative therapy and the 2nd – persons who, in addition to complex therapy, received the drug – Homeovox®. Treatment results were assessed using the VAS scale, quality of life was assessed using the SNOT-22 questionnaire, cognitive functions were evaluated using standard psychological tests.

Results and discussion. The use of the multicomponent preparation Homeovox®, which has multidirectional mechanisms of action in the complex therapy of patients with various forms of acute laryngitis, improved clinical symptoms, quality of life and recovery time. Good portability, high efficiency and safety were noted.

Conclusions. The use of the preparation Homeovox® in the treatment of various forms of acute laryngitis has demonstrated its ability to quickly stop the symptoms of the disease and significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
What do we know about voice endurance?
Authors: Shilenkova V. V. , Pevtsova V. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. It is believed that with age, the voice becomes less resistant to voice loads. Among different speech professions, it is the profession of a teacher that most often leads to voice disorders. The main reason contributing to the development of dysphonia in the teachers is the increased voice load.

Оbjective. Study age-related changes in voice endurance and to assess the effect on this characteristic of voice loads, taking into account the characteristics of the teaching profession.

Materials and methods. The basis of the analysis was 170 people. Of these, 125 volunteers of non-speech professions of different ages from 21 to 83 years old without organic laryngeal pathology (group I) were divided into three age subgroups: young age (40), average age (43), elderly and senile age (42). Group II consisted of 45 females of various kinds of pedagogical activities (kindergarten teachers, school teachers, university teachers). All participants were evaluated for voice endurance by using the specialized program The LingWaves and the voice strain test (VST).

Results. It has been found that with age, the endurance of the voice decreases significantly, and to a greater extent in females than in males. Despite long, daily voice loads, the voice of female teachers had greater endurance than that of women in nonspeech professions. At the same time, the volume of voice load and work experience did not significantly affect the voice endurance, in contrast to the nature of pedagogical activity.

Conclusions. Among teachers of different professions, it was the kindergarten teachers who demonstrated the worst indicators of VST, which is most likely due to the peculiarities of their work with young children.
Possibilities of using dried mulberry pulp as an additive in alfalfa silage
Authors: ŞENGÜL ÖMER , ŞENGÜL AHMET YUSUF , KÖKTEN KAĞAN , ÇAÇAN ERDAL , BEYZİ SELMA BÜYÜKKILIÇ
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dried mulberry (Morus alba) pulp with high water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content on the nutrient substance composition, pH and silage acids of alfalfa silage. The alfalfa used in the study was harvested in the 10% flowering period and ensiled by mixing with dried mulberry pulp at different ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%). The alfalfa that was ensiled for three months was analyzed at the end of this period, and the values measured for the control and treatment groups were compared. As a result, it was determined that the addition of dried mulberry pulp at different ratios into alfalfa silage was effective on some properties of the silage. In the case of adding mulberry pulp at 5-7.5% into the silage, it was observed that the silage pH decreased, and the lactic acid ratio increased. This positive result shows that in alfalfa silage mulberry pulp may be used as an additive. Hence, it may be stated that it would be suitable to add 5-7.5% mulberry pulp to increase the quality in alfalfa silage.
Pengembangan Katalog Keanekaragaman Serangga pada Tanaman Cabai di Desa Sindetlami Sebagai Sumber Belajar
Authors: Maisyaroh Siti , Dewi Rosita Fitrah
Published: May 2022

Desa Sindetlami merupakan salah satu sentra penghasil cabai di Kabupaten Probolinggo. Kegagalan panen cabai beberapa waktu lalu diduga salah satunya karena adanya hama serangga. Keanekaragaman serangga ini bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar yang dapat memadukan antara pengetahuan faktual dan proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses pengembangan katalog keanekaragaman serangga pada tanaman cabai di Desa Sindetlami sebagai sumber belajar pada mata pelajaran Biologi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model 4D (define, design, develop, dissemination). Hasil validasi media yaitu 89,5%, hasil validasi materi yaitu 89,95% dan hasil validasi oleh guru biologi yaitu 83%. Hasil validasi rata-rata yaitu sebesar 87,4% yang berarti bahwa produk yang dihasilkan bisa digunakan tanpa revisi.
Analisis Kualitas Soal UAS Biologi SMA Kelas X dan XI MIA
Authors: Sapitri Amelia , Kurniati Tuti , Yuliawati Asri
Published: May 2022

Analisis soal memiliki peranan penting dalam mendapatkan kualitas butir soal yang baik untuk dijadikan sebagai alat evaluasi. Namun, fenomena yang terjadi banyak guru yang belum menganalisis kualitas soal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas soal UAS Biologi kelas X dan XI MIA SMA Negeri 1 Terusan Nunyai berdasarkan analisis teoritis dan empiris. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasilnya kualitas soal kelas X berdasarkan analisis teoritis 32% baik, 20% sangat baik, 12% sedang, 28% kurang baik, dan 8% tidak baik. Sedangkan kelas XI 52% sangat baik, 36% baik, 4% kurang baik, dan 8% tidak baik. Kualitas butir soal kelas X berdasarkan analisis empiris 48% sedang, 20% kurang baik, 16% tidak baik, dan 16% baik. Pada kelas XI 32% baik, 24% kurang baik, 20% sedang,12% sangat baik, dan 12% tidak baik. Level kognitif yang digunakan kelas X C1 dan C2, serta kelas XI C1,C2,C3,dan C4. Mayoritas kualitas soal kelas X secara teoritis merupakan soal yang baik dan secara empiris sedang, serta mayoritas kualitas soal kelas XI secara teoritis sangat baik dan secara empiris baik.
Sloshing reduction in three-dimensional rectangular container using rigid baffles
Authors: Kumar Narveen , Choudhary Neelam
Published: May 2022

In this paper, liquid sloshing in the three-dimensional rigid rectangular container has been investigated. The effects of a rigid baffle placed on the free surface of the liquid have been analyzed on sloshing frequencies. The tank is partially filled with an ideal and incompressible fluid and the motion of the fluid is irrotational. Linear water wave theory is used to formulate the boundary value problem (BVP). The analytical solution of BVP is obtained in terms of velocity potential with unknown frequency. Mode shapes of the liquid domain and rigid baffle are reported using ANSYS software.
A framework for forecasting the hourly nodal water demand and improving the performance of real-time hydraulic models considering model uncertainty
Authors: Jian Cai , Gao Jinliang , Xu Yongpeng , Deng Liqun
Published: May 2022

The real-time hydraulic model (RTHM) is a key assistive tool in water distribution system (WDS) management, and its performance directly affects assisted decision-making. This study develops a framework to improve the timeliness and accuracy of RTHMs, which includes the following five steps: flow data processing, establishing nodal water demand (NWD) prediction models, node grouping, data assimilation (DA) and uncertainty analysis. Based on the actual network data, the performance of two data processing methods and three machine learning algorithms are, respectively, compared, and the best is selected for modeling. In the establishment of the hourly NWD prediction models, massive data, including flow measurement and data of all 26 input variables on climate, time and social influencing factors are used. It is found that the time features are the most important model input parameter. Application results of actual network prove that the flow data processing method, accurate NWD prediction, node grouping and Kalman filter-based DA method reduce the uncertainty in the RTHM and improve its timeliness and accuracy, so as to obtain the real-time state estimation of the WDS. Accurate NWD estimation (especially in the high-demand period) and combining RTHM with DA have a great influence on the uncertainty reduction in water pressure estimation, although uncertainty is weakened in the propagation process.
The need for training and benchmark datasets for convolutional neural networks in flood applications
Authors: Khouakhi Abdou , Zawadzka Joanna , Truckell Ian
Published: May 2022

Flood-related image datasets from social media, smartphones, CCTV cameras, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) present valuable data for the management of flood risk, and particularly for the application of modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to specific flood-related problems such as flood extent detection and flood depth estimation. This review discusses the increasing role of CNNs in flood research with a growing number of published datasets, particularly since 2018. We note the lack of open and labelled flood image datasets and the growing need for an open, benchmark data library for image classification, object detection, and segmentation relevant to flood management. Such a library would provide benchmark datasets to advance CNN flood applications in general and serve as a resource, providing data scientists and the flood research community with the necessary data for model training and validation.
Integrated water management under climate change through the application of the WEAP model in a Mediterranean arid region
Authors: Hadri Abdessamad , Saidi Mohamed El Mehdi , El Khalki El Mahdi , Aachrine Brahim , Saouabe Tarik , Elmaki Abdeslam Ait
Published: May 2022

This research aims at establishing an integrated modelling framework to assess the impact of climate change on water supply and demand across an arid area in the western Haouz plain in Morocco. Five general circulation models (GCMs) are used to evaluate the availability of future water resources under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios). The projected crop water demand and irrigation water demand were analysed using the Aquacrop software, taking into account the impact of climate change on both reference evapotranspiration and crop cycle lengths. The future water balance is simulated by means of the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) tool, including several socio-economic and land use scenarios under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results reveal an important decrease in net precipitation with an average of −36.2% and −50.5% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. In terms of water balance, the ‘business as usual’ scenario would lead to an increasing unmet water demand of about +22% in the 2050 horizon and to an increased depletion of the water table that could reach 2 m/year. Changing water management and use practices remains the only solution to ensure sustainable water use and deal with the projected water scarcity.