bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Table S3 from Pan-Cancer Pharmacogenomic Analysis of Patient-Derived Tumor Cells Using Clinically Relevant Drug Exposures
Authors: Chang Stephen H. , Ice Ryan J. , Chen Michelle , Sidorov Maxim , Woo Rinette W.L. , Rodriguez-Brotons Aida , Jian Damon , Kim Han Kyul , Kim Angela , Stone David E. , Nazarian Ari , Oh Alyssia , Tranah Gregory J. , Nosrati Mehdi , de Semir David , Dar Altaf A. , Desprez Pierre-Yves , Kashani-Sabet Mohammed , Soroceanu Liliana , McAllister Sean D.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table 3 binarization sensitivity 19 drugs
Data from S-531011, a novel anti-human CCR8 antibody, induces potent anti-tumor responses through depletion of tumor-infiltrating CCR8-expressing regulatory T cells
Authors: Nagira Yoji , Nagira Morio , Nagai Ryohei , Nogami Wataru , Hirata Michinari , Ueyama Azumi , Yoshida Tetsuya , Yoshikawa Mai , Shinonome Satomi , Yoshida Hiroshi , Haruna Miya , Miwa Hiroto , Chatani Natsumi , Ohkura Naganari , Wada Hisashi , Tanaka Hidekazu
Published: August 2023

Abstract
While regulatory T cells (Tregs) are inhibitory immune cells that are essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, Tregs that infiltrate tumor tissue promote tumor growth by suppressing anti-tumor immunity. Selective reduction of tumor-infiltrating Tregs is therefore expected to activate anti-tumor immunity without affecting immune homeostasis. We previously reported that selective Treg depletion targeted by a C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) resulted in induction of strong anti-tumor immunity without any obvious autoimmunity in mouse models. Thus, herein, we developed a novel humanized anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody, S-531011, aimed as a cancer immunotherapy strategy for patients with cancer. S-531011 exclusively recognized human CCR8 among all chemokine receptors and showed potent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity toward CCR8+ cells and neutralization activity against CCR8-mediated signaling. We observed that S-531011 reduced tumor-infiltrating CCR8+ Tregs and induced potent anti-tumor activity in a tumor-bearing human-CCR8 knock-in mouse model. Moreover, combination therapy with S-531011 and anti-mouse programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody strongly suppressed tumor growth compared to anti-PD-1 antibody alone with no observable adverse effects. S-531011 also depleted human tumor-infiltrating Tregs, but not Tregs derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results suggest that S-531011 is a promising drug for inducing anti-tumor immunity without severe side effects in the clinical setting.
Data from Upregulation of Somatostatin Receptor Type 2 Improves 177Lu-DOTATATE Therapy in Receptor-Deficient Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Model
Authors: Sharma Rupali , Earla Bhargav , Baidoo Kwamena E. , Zeiger Martha A. , Madigan James P. , Escorcia Freddy E. , Sadowski Samira M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) express high levels of somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2), a unique target for both tumor imaging and therapy. This surface expression is lost in metastatic high-grade PNETs, making patients ineligible for SSTR2-targeted 177 Lutetium (Lu)-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), and represents an unmet clinical need. Here, we aimed to restore SSTR2 expression through the reversal of inhibitory epigenetic gene silencing to improve tumor responsiveness to PRRT. We first assessed human SSTR2 promoter methylation and expression levels in 96 patient samples. We then used three NET cell lines (QGP-1, BON-1, GOT-1) with variable SSTR2 expression profiles for functional in vitro studies using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). Finally, the QGP-1 xenograft mouse model, with low basal SSTR2 expression, was used to assess the therapeutic efficacy of combined HDACi and 177Lu-DOTATATE therapies. We confirm that SSTR expression is decreased and correlates with SSTR2 promoter methylation in patients with high-grade NETs. When exposed to HDACis, SSTR2 surface expression is increased in three NET cell lines in vitro. In an in vivo PNET xenograft model with low basal SSTR2 expression, our studies demonstrate significantly higher tumor uptake of SSTR2-targeted 177Lu-DOTATATE in animals pretreated with HDACis compared with controls. For the first time, we show that this higher tumor uptake results in significant antitumor response when compared with standard PRRT alone. These preclinical results provide a rationale for utilizing HDACi pretreatment to improve targeted radionuclide therapy in patients with SSTR2-negative, metastatic PNETs.
Supplementary Table S3 from Association and Prediction Utilizing Craniocaudal and Mediolateral Oblique View Digital Mammography and Long-Term Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Chen Simin , Tamimi Rulla M. , Colditz Graham A. , Jiang Shu
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table S3: Hazards ratio for association between baseline risk factors and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women using Full-VPD only.
Data from Association and Prediction Utilizing Craniocaudal and Mediolateral Oblique View Digital Mammography and Long-Term Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Chen Simin , Tamimi Rulla M. , Colditz Graham A. , Jiang Shu
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mammographic percentage of volumetric density is an important risk factor for breast cancer. Epidemiology studies historically used film images often limited to craniocaudal (CC) views to estimate area-based breast density. More recent studies using digital mammography images typically use the averaged density between craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view mammography for 5- and 10-year risk prediction. The performance in using either and both mammogram views has not been well-investigated. We use 3,804 full-field digital mammograms from the Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort (294 incident cases and 657 controls), to quantity the association between volumetric percentage of density extracted from either and both mammography views and to assess the 5 and 10-year breast cancer risk prediction performance. Our results show that the association between percent volumetric density from CC, MLO, and the average between the two, retain essentially the same association with breast cancer risk. The 5- and 10-year risk prediction also shows similar prediction accuracy. Thus, one view is sufficient to assess association and predict future risk of breast cancer over a 5 or 10-year interval.
Prevention Relevance:
Expanding use of digital mammography and repeated screening provides opportunities for risk assessment. To use these images for risk estimates and guide risk management in real time requires efficient processing. Evaluating the contribution of different views to prediction performance can guide future applications for risk management in routine care.
Sustained Response to Ruxolitinib of Eosinophilia-Associated Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Translocation t(8;9)(p21;p24)
Authors: Cai Ping , Liu Suhui , Duan Lijuan , Huo Li , Wu Depei , Chen Suning , Yang Ruyu , Yang Xiaofei
Published: August 2023

The translocation t(8;9) produces the fusion gene PCM1-JAK2, resulting in the continuous activation of the JAK2 tyrosine kinase. Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms are the most common disease with t(8;9)/PCM1-JAK2. Individuals with this abnormality have similar features, and JAK2 kinase inhibitor (ruxolitinib) is an effective treatment of the condition. The long-term remission results of ruxolitinib are varied. It is important to determine the response to ruxolitinib. Here, we describe a patient who has been diagnosed with eosinophilia-associated myeloproliferative neoplasm with t(8;9)(p21;p24). This patient has achieved sustained response for >1 year since the administration of ruxolitinib.
Social Buffering Effects during Craft Activities in Parallel Group Session Revealed by EEG Analysis and Parasympathetic Activity
Authors: Orui Junya , Shiraiwa Keigo , Tazaki Fumie , Inoue Takao , Ueda Masaya , Ueno Keita , Naito Yasuo , Ishii Ryouhei
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The therapeutic structure of occupational therapy (OT) includes groups. Although the presence of others is expected to be relaxing due to the social buffering effect and the tend and befriend theory, it has not been sufficiently validated in accordance with the therapeutic structure of OT. The aim of this study was to investigate the electrophysiological evidence for the effectiveness of parallel groups and states of concentration on craft activities used in OT. Methods: Thirty healthy young adults were used as controls to measure EEG and autonomic activity during craft activities in three conditions: alone, parallel, and nonparallel. EEG was analyzed using exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography, and autonomic activity was analyzed using Lorenz plot analysis. Results: Parasympathetic activity was significantly higher in the parallel condition than in the alone condition. A significant negative correlation was found between current source density and parasympathetic activity in the region centered on the right insular cortex in the α1 band, and functional connectivity in regions including the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex was associated with autonomic activity. Conclusion: Craft activities that occurred during frontal midline theta rhythm also increased parasympathetic activity. The results suggest that the parallel groups used in OT and the intensive state of craft activities induce a social buffering effect that increases parasympathetic activity despite the absence of physical contact or social support. This provides evidence for the effectiveness of the therapeutic structure of occupational activities and groups in OT.
Small Bowel Villous Atrophy in a Young Patient: A Challenging Diagnosis
Authors: Correia João , Freitas Andreia , Marinho António , Ponte Ana , Afecto Edgar , Estevinho Manuela
Published: August 2023

Common variable immunodeficiency enteropathy is a sprue-like disease, which may manifest as a severe malabsorption syndrome with nutritional deficits and cachexia. The authors report a case of a 33-year-old Afghan man, who presented to the emergency department due to chronic watery diarrhea and severe malnourishment. He had been previously misdiagnosed with celiac disease in his early adulthood; however, this was based on inconclusive findings. After a thorough diagnostic workup, the final diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency enteropathy with symptomatic norovirus infection of the gut was obtained during his prolonged hospitalization. A slow but progressive improvement was observed with immunoglobulin replacement therapy, corticotherapy, and ribavirin treatment. This is a noteworthy case of a rare malabsorption disorder, and it reviews important aspects concerning the differential diagnosis of small bowel villous atrophy of unknown etiology, as well as gastrointestinal manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency disorder.
Childhood-Onset Refractory Hypertension Results from Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Caused by a Splicing NF1 Mutation
Authors: Lu Yi-Ting , Rejiepu Buweimairemu , Zhang Di , Cai Dong-Cheng , Yang Kun-Qi , Tian Tao , Zhou Xian-Liang , Fan Peng
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene that encodes neurofibromin, a negative regulator of RAS proto-oncogene. Approximately one-third of the reported pathogenic mutations in NF1 are splicing mutations, but most consequences are unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the pathogenicity of splicing mutation in a Chinese family with NF-1 and determine the effects of the pre-mRNA splicing mutation by in vitro functional analysis. Methods: Next-generation sequencing was used to screen candidate mutations. We performed a minigene splicing assay to determine the effect of the splicing mutation on NF1 expression, and three-dimensional structure models of neurofibromin were generated using SWISS-MODEL and PROCHECK methods, respectively. Results: A pathogenic splicing mutation c.479+1G>C in NF1 was found in the proband characterized by childhood-onset refractory hypertension. In vitro analysis demonstrated that c.479+1G>C mutation caused the skipping of exon 4, leading to a glutamine-to-valine substitution at position 97 in neurofibromin and an open reading frame shift terminating at codon 108. Protein modeling showed that several major domains were missing in the truncated neurofibromin protein. Conclusion: The splicing mutation c.479+1G>C identified in a Chinese patient with NF-1 and childhood-onset refractory hypertension caused the skipping of exon 4 and a truncated protein. Our findings offer new evidence for the molecular diagnosis of NF-1.
Intuição, crença e saber imediato: Jacobi, Fichte e Schelling entre Fé e saber e as Lições sobre a história da filosofia de Hegel
Authors: Brandão Eduardo
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do artigo é indicar que na crítica a Fichte em Fé e saber, referida à noção de crença de Jacobi, já se pode vislumbrar dentro de certos limites e desvios a posição de Hegel nas Lições sobre a história da filosofia sobre o vínculo entre Schelling e Jacobi no que diz respeito às noções de intuição intelectual e saber imediato.
Performance of Computed Tomographic Angiography–Based Aortic Valve Area for Assessment of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Ash Jerry , Sandhu Gurmandeep S. , Arriola‐Montenegro Jose , Agakishiev Dzhalal , Clavel Marie‐Annick , Pibarot Philippe , Duval Sue , Nijjar Prabhjot S.
Published: August 2023

Background

A total of 40% of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) have low‐gradient AS, raising uncertainty about AS severity. Aortic valve calcification, measured by computed tomography (CT), is guideline‐endorsed to aid in such cases. The performance of different CT‐derived aortic valve areas (AVAs) is less well studied.

Methods and Results

Consecutive adult patients with presumed moderate and severe AS based on echocardiography (AVA measured by continuity equation on echocardiography <1.5 cm
2
) who underwent cardiac CT were identified retrospectively. AVAs, measured by direct planimetry on CT (AVA
CT
) and by a hybrid approach (AVA measured in a hybrid manner with echocardiography and CT [AVA
Hybrid
]), were measured. Sex‐specific aortic valve calcification thresholds (≥1200 Agatston units in women and ≥2000 Agatston units in men) were applied to adjudicate severe or nonsevere AS. A total of 215 patients (38.0% women; mean±SD age, 78±8 years) were included: normal flow, 59.5%; and low flow, 40.5%. Among the different thresholds for AVA
CT
and AVA
Hybrid
, diagnostic performance was the best for AVA
CT
<1.2 cm
2
(sensitivity, 85%; specificity, 26%; and accuracy, 72%), with no significant difference by flow status. The percentage of patients with correctly classified AS severity (correctly classified severe AS+correctly classified moderate AS) was as follows; AVA measured by continuity equation on echocardiography <1.0 cm
2
, 77%; AVA
CT
<1.2 cm
2
, 73%; AVA
CT
<1.0 cm
2
, 58%; AVA
Hybrid
<1.2 cm
2
, 59%; and AVA
Hybrid
<1.0 cm
2
, 45%. AVA
CT
cut points of 1.52 cm
2
for normal flow and 1.56 cm
2
for low flow, provided 95% specificity for excluding severe AS.

Conclusions

CT‐derived AVAs have poor discrimination for AS severity. Using an AVA
CT
<1.2‐cm
2
threshold to define severe AS can produce significant error. Larger AVA
CT
thresholds improve specificity.
Associations of Oral Contraceptive Use With Cardiovascular Disease and All‐Cause Death: Evidence From the UK Biobank Cohort Study
Authors: Dou Weijuan , Huang Yan , Liu Xuesong , Huang Chensihan , Huang Junlin , Xu Bingyan , Yang Linjie , Liu Yating , Lei Xuzhen , Li Xu , Huang Junfeng , Lin Jiayang , Liu Deying , Zhang Peizhen , Shao Jiaqing , Liu Changqin , Zhang Huijie
Published: August 2023

Background

The associations of oral contraceptive (OC) use with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all‐cause death remains unclear. We aimed to determine the associations of OC use with incident CVD and all‐cause death.

Methods and Results

This cohort study included 161 017 women who had no CVD at baseline and reported their OC use. We divided OC use into ever use and never use. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for cardiovascular outcomes and death. Overall, 131 131 (81.4%) of 161 017 participants reported OC use at baseline. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios for OC ever users versus never users were 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86–0.99) for all‐cause death, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87–0.96) for incident CVD events, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.81–0.95) for coronary heart disease, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.76–0.99) for heart failure, and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.84–0.99) for atrial fibrillation. However, no significant associations of OC use with CVD death, myocardial infarction, or stroke were observed. Furthermore, the associations of OC use with CVD events were stronger among participants with longer durations of use (
P
for trend<0.001).

Conclusions

OC use was not associated with an increased risk of CVD events and all‐cause death in women and may even produce an apparent net benefit. In addition, the beneficial effects appeared to be more apparent in participants with longer durations of use.
Thinking Capital and Colonialism in South Africa : The Problem of Justice
Authors: Mandyoli Lindokuhle
Published: August 2023

Notwithstanding the epistemological problems with the dominant appreciations of human rights, the problem with dominant ways of understanding justice for colonial repression post colonialism is that they misplace the logic whence the repression stems. In this paper I propose a revisiting of the historical materialist approach to justice, as a way to strengthen the scholarship on justice in South Africa. I essentially deal with two contending arguments on the debate on justice in South Africa, namely transformative constitutionalism, the position of constitutional romantics, and Azanian political thought, propounded by what are termed constitutional abolitionists in this paper. Moreover, using Bernard Magubane's critical socio-historical explanation of South Africa and Evgeny Pashukanis' legal theory of Marxism, I offer a third way which opens up some of the theoretical deficiencies of transformative constitutionalism as it pertains to South Africa. Ultimately, in this paper, I attempt to move from a descriptive and ideological appreciation of justice, to a conception of justice rooted in the materiality of social relations.
Decolonising the Real: Transformative Constitutionalism and the Unconscious
Authors: Barnard-Naudé Jaco
Published: August 2023

“Transformative constitutionalism” has been suggested as a viable post-liberal alternative to juristic interpretation after apartheid. The article considers the role of transformative constitutionalism in the decolonisation of the Real. It suggests that colonialism denigrates the unconscious of the colonised through an instrumentalisation by way of which it is incorporated as a critical part of the system of colonialism. Transformative constitutionalism’s preoccupation with the “gaps, conflicts and ambiguities” of language positions it in a way conducive to the liberation of the colonised’s unconscious by way of what Jacques Lacan called “separation”. I argue that despite transformative constitutionalism’s aversion to violence, its acts of interpretation take place in a field of what Cover called “pain and death”. Such interpretations are thus necessarily acts of violence not within, but against, the colonial Symbolic, and so they can help to facilitate acts through which the Real can at last become decolonised.
Cherax woworae, a new freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae) from Southwest Papua Province, Indonesia
Authors: PATOKA JIŘÍ , AKMAL SURYA GENTHA , BLÁHA MARTIN , KOUBA ANTONÍN
Published: August 2023

Cherax woworae n. sp. is a moderately-sized burrowing freshwater crayfish endemic to the Teminabuan District, South Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua Province, Indonesia. This species is one of many freshwater crayfish species from the region that are popular ornamental animals. In the pet trade, it is commonly known as the “Blue Moon Crayfish” or “Blue Kong Crayfish”. Cherax woworae is genetically and morphologically similar to Cherax gherardii Patoka, Bláha & Kouba, 2015, but both species may be easily distinguished morphologically and by their substantial genetic divergence.
Integrative taxonomic revision of the genus Phaselia Guenée, [1858] (Geometridae: Ennominae) in the Middle East and Central Asia
Authors: WERNER MARIA JOHANNA , HAUSMANN AXEL , KOSTJUK IGOR , WANKE DOMINIC , RAJAEI HOSSEIN
Published: August 2023

In the past, the high intraspecific variation of wing pattern within the genus Phaselia Guenée, [1858] repeatedly led to misidentifications. In this study, we applied an integrative approach using external and internal morphological characters, along with DNA barcoding and distribution data to review the taxonomy of the genus Phaselia in the Middle East and Central Asia. For this study, 710 specimens, including type specimens and 242 genitalia slides were prepared and examined. As a result, P. phaeoleucaria (Lederer, 1855) stat. rev. is reinstated from synonymy of P. serrularia; P. phaeoleucaria shurensis Wehrli 1941 comb. nov. is regarded as a subspecies of P. phaeoleucaria stat. rev. instead of a subspecies of P. serrularia; P. serrularia catharia Wehrli, 1941 syn. nov. is regarded as a junior synonym of P. phaeoleucaria shurensis comb. nov.; P. narynaria Oberthür, 1913 syn. nov. is regarded as a junior synonym of P. serrularia (Eversmann, 1847); P. pithana Wehrli, 1941 bona sp. is raised to species level from subspecies of P. serrularia. Furthermore, two species and two subspecies are described as new to science: P. smettboi sp. nov., P. sihvoneni sp. nov., P. erika jonubi ssp. nov. and P. erika sindhi ssp. nov. Wing pattern, and both male and female genitalia of all discussed taxa are illustrated, their distribution patterns are shown on a map and CO1 data is evaluated to confirm our taxonomic decisions.
Mechanism of miR-125b-5p Carried with Albumin Nanoparticles in Protecting the Injured Nerve Cells in Ischemia-Reperfusion Cerebral Injury
Authors: Lv Chao , Chen Yanwei , Liu Liping , Jiang Zhao
Published: August 2023

This study assessed the mechanism of miR-125b-5p carried with albumin nanoparticles on injured nerve cells in ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury. 50 rats were assigned into control set, model set, miR-125b-5p set, IL-6/STAT3 agonist set, and positive control set. The score of neurological impairment, cerebral infarction volume, cerebral water content, apoptosis index of brain cells, synaptic ultrastructure, miR-125b-5p expression, level of IL-6/STAT3 pathway factors, targeting correlation between miR-125b-5p and IL-6 were observed. There was a good dispersibility and uniform size in albumin nanoparticles with an average particle size of 15.5 nanometer. The neurological impairment, cerebral infarction volume, cerebral water content, apoptosis index of brain cells in model set and IL-6/STAT3 agonist set were the highest followed by miR-125b-5p set and positive control set. The level of inflammatory reaction in model set and IL-6/STAT3 agonist set were the highest and oxidative stress were the lowest. miR-125b-5p carried with albumin nanoparticles could directly target on IL-6. The phosphorylation level of IL-6 and STAT3 could be restrained. The activity of IL-6/STAT3 signal pathway could be inhibited, leading to restrained inflammation and oxidative stress in nervous system and reduced cerebral water content, therefore protecting nerve cells. The mechanism might be related with restrained IL-6/STAT3 pathway.
A Square-Root, Dual-Resolution 3DEnVar for the AROME Model: Formulation and Evaluation on a Summertime Convective Period
Authors: Michel Yann , Brousseau Pierre
Published: August 2023

A three-dimensional ensemble-variational (3DEnVar) data assimilation algorithm has been developed for the high-resolution AROME NWP system. Building on previous work on 3DEnVar for AROME, we describe a formulation of the 3DEnVar that is based on the traditional square-root preconditioning. The localization may be performed either in gridpoint or spectral space, and allows for cross-covariances between surface pressure and the three-dimensional variables. The scheme has capacity for dual resolution, with the ensemble running at a lower 3.2-km spatial resolution than the deterministic AROME running at 1.3 km. This formulation is compatible with the variational bias correction scheme used in AROME. Hybrid covariances are implemented with climatological covariances at 1.3-km resolution being combined with ensemble perturbations that are interpolated to high resolution on the fly in the computation of the gradient. Hybrid 3DEnVar has an increased computational cost compared to 3DVar, which is partly mitigated by the use of dual resolution and the adoption of a flexible convergence criterion in the minimization. To get the full benefit from the ensemble scheme, it is recommended 1) to increase ensemble size from 25 to 50 members and 2) to decrease the localization length scale for the benefit of high-density radar observations. With those changes, the 3DEnVar outperforms the operational AROME-France 3DVar by a significant margin on the first 12 h of forecast range, as evidenced by a 3-month summer experiment. Finally, a case study reports on the improved prediction of heavy rainfall that frequently occurs in the Mediterranean region.
Improving the Intensity Forecast of Tropical Cyclones in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System
Authors: Wang Weiguo , Han Jongil , Yang Fanglin , Steffen John , Liu Bin , Zhang Zhan , Mehra Avichal , Tallapragada Vijay
Published: August 2023

A modification to the mixing length formulation in a planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme is introduced to improve the intensity forecast of tropical cyclones (TCs) in a basin-scale Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) for the real-time experiment in 2021. The 2020 basin-scale HAFS with the physics suite of the NCEP operational Global Forecast System performs well in terms of the reduced root-mean-square (RMS) errors in track and intensity except for the mean intensity bias, compared with NCEP operational hurricane models. To address the large intensity bias issue, the vertical mixing length near the surface used in the PBL scheme is increased to follow the similarity theory, consistent with that used in the surface layer scheme. Test results show that the RMS error and bias in intensity are further reduced without the degradation of the track forecast. An idealized one-dimensional TC PBL model is used to understand the model response to the modification, indicating that the radial wind is strengthened to dynamically balance the enhanced downward momentum mixing. This is also exhibited in the case study of a three-dimensional HAFS simulation, with the improved vertical distribution of the simulated wind speed in the eyewall area. Given the improvement, the modification has been implemented in one of the configurations of the first version of the operational HAFS at NCEP. Finally, the adjustment of the parameterization of diffusion and mixing in TC simulations is discussed.

Significance Statement

A modification to the mixing length formulation in a PBL scheme is described, which improves the intensity forecast of tropical cyclones simulated in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS). Retrospective tests indicate that the modification can reduce the root-mean-square error and bias of the simulated TC intensity by 5%–10% and 50%, respectively. This modification has been implemented in one of the operational configurations of HAFS, version 1, at NCEP, improving the hurricane model guidance.
Policy Learning in Nascent Industries’ Venue Shifting: A Study of the U.S. Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Industry
Authors: Yue Lori Qingyuan , Wang Jue
Published: August 2023

Industry groups engage in venue shifting when they seek to overturn or alter restrictive regulations imposed by one political venue through another. A critical step in this process is resolving uncertainties surrounding the preference of the targeted venue and the nature of the relevant policy proposal. While existing studies emphasize a long-term trial-and-error process of policy learning, we focus on nascent industries and argue that ventures seek other information sources to resolve these uncertainties quickly. In particular, nascent industry groups are likely to perceive that the targeted venue will support their policy proposal if the targeted venue is ideologically distant from the venue that has enacted the restrictive regulations, if the targeted venue has recently supported other nascent industry groups’ similar policy proposals, or if the industry groups themselves are more exposed to industry peers’ success in promoting the same policy proposal in other jurisdictions. Under these conditions, the industry groups invest more to influence the targeted venue in response to restrictive regulations enacted by other venues. We find support for our theory by examining how from 2013 to 2019 the small unmanned aircraft systems industry trade associations in the United States lobbied state governments to nullify local regulations.
Selective Rule Enforcement on Prison Units and Individual Misconduct: A Multilevel Study
Authors: Sentse Miranda , van Ginneken Esther F. J. C. , Palmen Hanneke
Published: August 2023

This study examined how selective rule enforcement on prison units is related to individual misconduct. Selective rule enforcement was operationalized as the unit-level discrepancy between self- and officially reported misconduct. Both survey and administrative data were used from 4,123 individuals incarcerated in 197 units in the Netherlands. Findings showed that the level of selective rule enforcement varied greatly across units, irrespective of regime, with averages above zero. Multilevel regression analyses indicated that, after controlling for important covariates, selective rule enforcement on units was consistently related to the odds of displaying misconduct including verbal, physical, property, and contrabands misconduct. These findings demonstrate the importance of contextual differences and the use of discretion by correctional officers for individual behavior in prison.
Finding a City Name in a Traffic Sign: Effects of Word Case and Visual Motion
Authors: Tejero Pilar , Royo Laura , Roca Javier
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To investigate the word recognition effects of the use of all-uppercase (e.g., VALENCIA) or titled-case (e.g., Valencia) for city names in traffic signs, controlling for word size, and comparing stationary and dynamic viewing situations.

Background

Prior studies provide mixed evidence regarding the effects of word case on the recognition of city names in traffic signs. Moreover, the evidence on the potential impact of visual motion on these effects is scarce.

Method

We carried out an experimental study using simulated traffic signs. The task was to indicate, for each sign, whether it contained a given city name or not (word search task, 50% positive trials). Visual motion of signs was manipulated as a between-participants factor: stationary (the sign was still) versus dynamic (the sign expanded as if the participant was approaching to it). Word case was manipulated as a within-participants factor: all-uppercase versus two titled-case conditions varying in font size: width-matched titled-case and point size-matched titled-case.

Results

In both the stationary and dynamic conditions, all-uppercase resulted in more incorrect responses and slower latencies than width-matched titled-case. When compared to point size-matched titled-case, all-uppercase produced slower correct responses in the stationary condition, whereas faster in the dynamic condition.

Conclusion

Other factors being equal, all-uppercase city names will be recognized worse than their titled-case versions in traffic signs, both in stationary and dynamic situations.

Application

Results in the current experimental study would be of interest in the design of traffic signs and other circumstances in which text is presented in motion.
Recent trends in two-dimensional graphene derivatives-based composites: Review on synthesis, properties and applications
Authors: Mohamed Marwa A. A. , Adel Marwa , Abd El-Aziz Asmaa M.
Published: August 2023

Owing to the unique properties of 2D graphene derivatives (2D GDs), their composites with other materials possess superior characteristics over other existing materials in the universe. Accordingly, 2D GDs-based composites have emerged as leading materials for substantial advancements of various technological industries such as energy, electronics, sensors, catalysis, environmental remediation, biomedical and structural sectors. Recently, numerous research innovations, have been developed for reliable production of 2D GDs-based composites with high quality, plentiful availability and competitive costs. The overall performance of 2D GDs-based composites is controlled by three main issues. First, the synthesis strategy of GD sheets, which determines the characteristic properties, quantity and cost of the 2D GD product. Second, the surface functionalization of GD sheets, which enhances the compatibility and chemical affinity between GD sheets and other materials within the composites. Finally, the processing method of the composite that strongly affects its microstructure, properties, productivity and cost. This makes such three processes, matters of great concern when designing 2D GDs-based composites for specific application. In this article, the structure, properties, synthesis and surface functionalization of 2D GDs are reviewed. Then, the review article discusses the research developments of 2D GDs-based composites with inorganic materials and polymers, in terms of preparation, properties and applications. Particular focus is placed on Green and/or clean production technologies. The recent research interest in the 2D GDs/multicomponent hybrid composites, with their distinctive multifunctional properties, is highlighted. Also, the new implemented applications of 2D GDs-based composites from 2021, are pointed out, as well as the currently running practical projects, which are proposing innovative futural applications prospects.
Stature estimation from the scapula measurements using 3D-volume rendering technique by regression equations in the Northern Indian population
Authors: Raj K Karthi Vignesh , Gokul G , Yadav Abhishek , Gupta Sudhir K , Tyagi Swati , Srinivasamurthy Abilash
Published: August 2023

The present study assessed the correlation between the stature and scapular measurements from both sides in order to develop population-specific regression equations to estimate the stature from measurements of the scapula in a contemporary Northern Indian population individually for the left and right sides. A total of 597 cadavers underwent postmortem multidetector computed tomography and subsequent medicolegal autopsy in our department between August 2021 and August 2022. Two hundred samples (100 males and 100 females) were randomly collected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Six linear anthropometric measurements of the scapula from either side were measured using the 3D volume-rendered technique by an electronic cursor. Each anthropometric measurement showed a significant difference between males and females ( p < 0.05). Regression analysis was applied to match the taken measurements against stature. The accuracy to predict stature ranged from 3.99 to 4.94 cm for males and from 4.49 to 5.27 cm for females, respectively. Left-sided measurements were better predictors of stature than the right side in both genders. The results of this study indicate that scapular measurements could be useful to estimate the stature of Northern Indian individuals, particularly in scenarios of disaster victim identification lacking long bones, which are considered to be better predictors to date.
Diligent Daughters: Women’s Educational Outperformance in Contemporary China
Authors: Howlett Zachary M.
Published: August 2023

In post-reform China (1979–present), women have advanced rapidly in educational achievement, and now surpass men in undergraduate and postgraduate attendance. Scholars tend to attribute women’s outperformance to the one-child policy, which empowered urban singleton daughters. But around 40 percent of women undergraduate students are from rural areas, where multi-child families and son preference are common. Based on participant observation, ethnographic interviews, and longitudinal family case studies, this article addresses educated migrant women from a broad range of backgrounds in Fujian province. It argues that academically outperforming daughters combine self-development, filiality, and resistance to patriarchal norms to pursue the full subjecthood that is conventionally reserved for men—encompassing recognition for individual accomplishment, independence, and filial contribution. By navigating marriage pressures and economically contributing to their natal families, diligent daughters shift patricentric family dynamics toward more bilateral arrangements, eroding the patriarchal structures that undergird male-centered power even as many gendered norms remain intact.
Mediating effects of religious coping on acculturative stress and life satisfaction: Focus on Sri Lankan migrant workers in Korea
Authors: Nam Bu-Hyun
Published: August 2023

Considering the increasing numbers of migrant workers in the Republic of Korea and the challenges faced by migrant workers in adapting to their new environment, this study investigates how religious coping mediates acculturative stress and life satisfaction. Based on data collected from 106 Sri Lankan migrant workers, the study found that both internal and external religious coping styles significantly mediated acculturative stress and life satisfaction, with the external style affecting life satisfaction more significantly than the internal one. Religious coping styles were significantly and positively correlated with life satisfaction, which could help reduce acculturative stress. Factors, including age, gender, marital status, religious visits and working hours contribute to understanding the role that religious coping mechanisms play in the lives of migrant workers. Accordingly, the study suggests supporting religious communities and activities of migrants, and upgrading the social, cultural and educational services they receive, as well as the policies of the Korean government directed toward them.
A novel ESO-based adaptive RISE control for asymptotic position tracking of electro-hydraulic actuator systems
Authors: Liang Qian-Kun , Cai Yan , Song Jin-Chun , Wang Bing-Long
Published: August 2023

This paper is focused on asymptotic tracking control of electro-hydraulic actuator (EHA) systems subject to matched and mismatched time-varying disturbances. To counteract the matched disturbance, a novel extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to achieve asymptotic convergence of the estimation error, by incorporating the strictly positive real (SPR) Lyapunov design method and a Nussbaum function. To further suppress the mismatched disturbance, an adaptive robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) controller is formulated in the backstepping framework based on the proposed ESO. Asymptotic tracking performance is theoretically achieved via closed-loop system stability analysis. The efficacy of the proposed control scheme is verified through comparative experiments executed on an EHA test rig. In this study, a priori bounds of the disturbances and their higher-order derivatives are no longer needed, and only one auxiliary error signal is introduced. This approach loosens the restrictions on the disturbances and reduces the design conservativeness, thus making it promising in practice.
Technology acceptance research: Meta-analysis
Authors: Marikyan Davit , Papagiannidis Savvas , Stewart Gavin
Published: August 2023

Rapid digitalisation has resulted in a literature about technology acceptance that is ever increasing in size, naturally creating debates about the developments in the field and their implications. Given the size of the literature and the range of factors, theories and applications considered, this article reviewed the relevant literature using a meta-analytical approach. The objective of this review was twofold: (a) to provide a comprehensive analysis of the factors contributing to technology acceptance and investigate their effects, depending on theoretical underpinnings, and (b) to explore the conditions explaining the variance in the effects of predictors time-, application- and journal-wise. This review analysed data from 693 papers. A total of 21 independent predictors having differential effects on attitude, intention and use behaviour were found. The effects of the predictors were different depending on the theoretical frameworks they were related to. The analysis of the consistency of the role of the predictors suggested that there was no longitudinal change in their effect sizes. However, a significant variance was found when comparing predictors across research applications and the journals in which the papers were published. The analysis of publication bias demonstrated a tendency to publish studies with significant results, although no evidence was found of p-value manipulation.
Lower-Income Nonresident Fathers’ Self-Perceptions About Their Parenting Quality and Relationships With Children
Authors: Kim Yoona , Berger Lawrence M. , Meyer Daniel R.
Published: August 2023

Research on fathering has substantially increased but we still know relatively little about whether and how fathers’ own perspectives on their parenting differ across a variety of family situations. We estimate associations between nonresident fathers’ family types and nonresident fathers’ perceptions of the quality of their parenting and their relationships with their children, using data from the Child Support Noncustodial Parent Employment Demonstration program on lower-income nonresident fathers ( n = 5,835) and logistic regressions. High-quality parenting is more likely to be reported by nonresident fathers with multiple-partner fertility and both resident and nonresident children than either those with multiple-partner fertility and only nonresident children or those with single-partner fertility. High-quality relationships with children are more likely to be reported by those with single-partner fertility than those with multiple-partner fertility. These findings suggest the importance of resident children in fathers’ perceptions of their parenting and highlight the difficulties of parenting across multiple households.
Ketogenic diet: Assessing YouTube video information using quality, reliability, and text analytics methods
Authors: Rana Avinash , Arora Monika
Published: August 2023

Objective

Patients and the general audience refer social media platforms, such as YouTube, to learn and apply contemporary dietary methods. It is difficult for users to analyze the correctness and quality of information available on open platforms. Using scientific evaluation, this study assessed the quality, reliability, and content of YouTube videos on ketogenic diet (KD).

Methods

Three experienced medical practitioners reviewed and evaluated 95 videos. The quality and reliability of the videos were assessed using the quality criteria for consumer health information and the global quality scale (GQS). Topic modeling and sentiment analysis were employed to determine the dominant themes and polarity of the information.

Results

Three types of publishers (doctors, educational institutions, and influencers) were identified for the study. The mean length of videos posted by doctors was high at 42.24 min. The reliability and quality scores ranging from 0 (low) to 5 (high) had an average of 3.08 ± 1.14 and 3.18 ± 1.18, respectively, for sampled videos. One-way analysis of variance reveals significant differences in DISCERN and GQS scores among doctors, educational institutions, and influencers. Topic discovery identified four themes: keto versus glucose, diabetes, KD food, and major chronic diseases. Sentiment analysis reveals positive content polarity, some content shared by doctors had a neutral sentiment.

Conclusion

Content creators should augment the content by citing medical information and terminology. Viewers relied more on doctors for information related to KD. The aesthetic quality is high for all types of publishers. Publishers could focus on the discovered themes to create more content. Publishers should produce high-quality videos by improving esthetics (to increase engagement), and reliable medical information (to increase impact).
Managers or leaders: Who fit the helms of 21st century librarianship?
Authors: Olarongbe Shauib A , Sulyman Abdulakeem S , Taiwo Muritadho A , Abdulrahaman Hadizat K , Idris Abdulfatai O
Published: August 2023

The 21st century is distinguished for its new innovations and dependency on technology in all parts of libraries, while managers and leaders are two inseparable components of every developing library. This paper contest on who best fits the helms of affairs of libraries in the 21st century between managers and leaders. It explains that managers are always designed around current realities by serving as instruments of planning, controlling and measuring, while leaders are adaptive, flexible, responsive and adopt evolutionary approaches to drive changes. Some leadership patterns, such as purposeful leadership, visionary, transformational, transactional, autocratic, distributed, laissez-faire and servant are suggested as for librarians to adopt to position libraries for reckoning. It concludes that library managers need to elevate their games to become leaders because libraries will be limited and stagnated if management is prioritized over leadership. One of the recommendations of this paper is that library schools and other library-related institutions should be teaching leadership training to students.
What outcomes do studies use to measure the impact of prognostication on people with advanced cancer? Findings from a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies
Authors: Spooner Caitlin , Vivat Bella , White Nicola , Bruun Andrea , Rohde Gudrun , Kwek Pei Xing , Stone Patrick
Published: August 2023

Background:

Studies evaluating the impact of prognostication in advanced cancer patients vary in the outcomes they measure, and there is a lack of consensus about which outcomes are most important.

Aim:

To identify outcomes previously reported in prognostic research with people with advanced cancer, as a first step towards constructing a core outcome set for prognostic impact studies.

Design:

A systematic review was conducted and analysed in two subsets: one qualitative and one quantitative. (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022320117; 29/03/2022).

Data sources:

Six databases were searched from inception to September 2022. We extracted data describing (1) outcomes used to measure the impact of prognostication and (2) patients’ and informal caregivers’ experiences and perceptions of prognostication in advanced cancer. We classified findings using the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) initiative taxonomy, along with a narrative description. We appraised retrieved studies for quality, but quality was not a basis for exclusion.

Results:

We identified 42 eligible studies: 32 quantitative, 6 qualitative, 4 mixed methods. We extracted 70 outcomes of prognostication in advanced cancer and organised them into 12 domains: (1) survival; (2) psychiatric outcomes; (3) general outcomes; (4) spiritual/religious/existential functioning/wellbeing, (5) emotional functioning/wellbeing; (6) cognitive functioning; (7) social functioning; (8) global quality of life; (9) delivery of care; (10) perceived health status; (11) personal circumstances; and (12) hospital/hospice use.

Conclusion:

Outcome reporting and measurement varied markedly across the studies. A standardised approach to outcome reporting in studies of prognosis is necessary to enhance data synthesis, improve clinical practice and better align with stakeholders’ priorities.