bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Sepsis for the Glycemic Control Outcome of Two Intensive Care Units in Malaysia
Authors:   Advanced Medical and Dental Institute,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, 13200, MALAYSIA, Zukhi Jihan , M. Suhaimi Fatanah ,   Advanced Medical and Dental Institute,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, 13200, MALAYSIA, Mazlan Mohd Zulfakar ,   School of Medical Sciences,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, MALAYSIA, Mohd Sopian Mastura ,   Advanced Medical and Dental Institute,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, 13200, MALAYSIA, Azman Nizuwan ,   Advanced Medical and Dental Institute,  Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, 13200, MALAYSIA, K. Jamaludin Ummu ,   Human Engineering Focus Group,  Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, 26600, MALAYSIA, Razak Normy ,   College of Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi Nasional, Kajang, 43000, MALAYSIA
Published: March 2022

Close monitoring and tight glycemic control are required among critically ill patients as they have dynamic metabolism which may precipitate stress-induced hyperglycemia. Clinically, diabetes mellitus (DM) patient with sepsis indicated a high mortality rate. This study investigates the association between DM and non-DM related to sepsis and non-sepsis patients from different insulin infusion therapy management. This study used 128 retrospective data from Hospital A, and 37 retrospective data from Hospital B. ICU patients who received insulin infusion therapy during their stay in the ICU were selected. Both centres implement the sliding scale-based insulin infusion therapy with the target range for blood glucose (BG) level within 6.0 - 10.0 mmol/L. The retrospective clinical data were compared among cohorts for DM and non-DM associated with sepsis and non-sepsis conditions. Findings showed that the DM group had higher insulin sensitivity than non-DM for both cohorts. Meanwhile, cohort B had higher insulin sensitivity than cohort A for all classes. Cohort A (DM+Sepsis) had low insulin sensitivity (66.7 L/(mU.min) and worst condition with sepsis which resulted from the lowest percentage (30.81%) of BG measurement within the target range. The (nonDM+nonSepsis) class had the tightest glycemic control for cohort A (3.4 mmol/L) and cohort B (2.2 mmol/L), as observed by the BG interquartile range. Furthermore, cohort A (nonDM+nonSepsis) had a 41.55% of severe hyperglycemia and 0.12% for severe hypoglycemia. Contrary, cohort B (nonDM+nonSepsis) had the highest percentage within the target range (74.31%) and the lowest percentage of hyperglycemia (18.78%). There was significantly different (p-values <0.05) between cohort A and cohort B in BG level and glucose intake, likewise between sepsis and non-sepsis of non-DM for both cohorts. The findings indicate that a successful glycemic control protocol is much influenced by insulin sensitivity, patient variability, diabetes condition, and patient sepsis status.
Feature Selection Analysis of Chewing Activity Based on Contactless Food Intake Detection
Authors:   Department of Electric, Electronics and System Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,  Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, 43600, MALAYSIA, Selamat Nur Asmiza ,   Faculty of Electrical Engineering,  Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, 76100, MALAYSIA, Md Ali Sawal Hamid ,   Department of Electric, Electronics and System Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,  Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, 43600, MALAYSIA, Minhad Khairun Nisa' ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,  Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, 43900, MALAYSIA
Published: March 2022

This paper presents the feature selection methods for chewing activity detection. Chewing detection typically used for food intake monitoring applications. The work aims to analyze the effect of implementing optimum feature selection that can improve the accuracy of the chewing detection. The raw chewing data is collected using a proximity sensor. Pre-process procedures are implemented on the data using normalization and bandpass filters. The searching of a suitable combination of bandpass filter parameters such as lower cut-off frequency (Fc1) and steepness targeted for best accuracy was also included. The Fc1 was 0,5Hz, 1.0Hz and 1.2H, while the steepness varied from 0.75 to 0.9 with an interval of 0.5. By using the bandpass filter with the value of [1Hz, 5Hz] with a steepness of 0.8, the system’s accuracy improves by 1.2% compared to the previous work, which uses [0.5Hz, 5Hz] with a steepness of 0.85. The accuracy of using all 40 extracted features is 98.5%. Two feature selection methods based on feature domain and feature ranking are analyzed. The features domain gives an accuracy of 95.8% using 10 features of the time domain, while the combination of time domain and frequency domain gives an accuracy of 98% with 13 features. Three feature ranking methods were used in this paper: minimum redundancy maximum relevance (MRMR), t-Test, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The analysis of the feature ranking method has the accuracy of 98.2%, 85.8%, and 98% for MRMR, t-Test, and ROC with 10 features, respectively. While the accuracy of using 20 features is 98.3%, 97.9%, and 98.3% for MRMR, t-Test, and ROC, respectively. It can be concluded that the feature selection method helps to reduce the number of features while giving a good accuracy.
Reduction of Limb Position Invariant of SEMG Signals for Improved Prosthetic Control Using Spectrogram
Authors:   Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology (REAT) Research Group,   Centre for Robotics and Industrial Automation (CeRIA), Faculty of Electrical Engineering,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, 76100 Melaka, MALAYSIA, Shair E.F. , Suleiman M.F.A. ,   Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology (REAT) Research Group,   Centre for Robotics and Industrial Automation (CeRIA), Faculty of Electrical Engineering,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, 76100 Melaka, MALAYSIA, Abdullah A.R. ,   Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology (REAT) Research Group,   Centre for Robotics and Industrial Automation (CeRIA), Faculty of Electrical Engineering,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, 76100 Melaka, MALAYSIA, Nazmi N. ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, Saharuddin N.Z.
Published: March 2022

Prostheses are artificial devices that replace a missing body part, which might be lost through injury, infection, or a condition present at birth. It is proposed to re-establish the normal functions of the missing body part and can be made by hand or with a computer-aided design. As per the World Health Organization, around 160,000 individuals in Malaysia are required to use prostheses. One of the elements that influence the current prosthesis control is that the variety in the limb position and normal use results in different electromyogram (EMG) signals with the same movement at various positions. Consequently, the objective of this study is to ensure that amputees can control their prosthetics in an exact manner regardless of their hand movement and limb position. The raw EMG signals are taken from eight different hand movements’ classes at five different limb positions and each of these hand movements has seven electrodes attach to it. This paper utilizes time-frequency distribution which is spectrogram to extract the EMG feature and six SVM classification learners; linear, quadratic, cubic, fine Gaussian, medium Gaussian, and coarse Gaussian were compared to find the most reasonable one for this application. The analysis performance is then verified based on classification accuracy. From the results, the overall accuracy for the classification is 65% (linear), 87.5% (quadratic) and 97.5% (cubic), 100% (fine Gaussian), 70% (medium Gaussian, and 45% (coarse Gaussian), respectively. It is believed that the study could fill in as knowledge to improve conventional prosthetic control strategies.
A Biomechanical Approach to Investigate the Applicability of the Lake-Thomas Theory in Porcine Aorta
Authors:   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN, Yamamoto Kenzo , Hara Kazuaki ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN, Mizuno Hayato Laurence ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN, Ishikawa Kosuke ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN, Kobayashi Etsuko ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN, Akagi Yuki ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Harumichou 3-8-1 Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8538, JAPAN, Sakuma Ichiro ,   Graduate School of Engineering,   The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, JAPAN
Published: March 2022

Robot-assisted surgeries are procedures where a physician performs surgical maneuvers by operating a robot. One of the main limitations is the difficulty in transferring the surgeon’s multiple skills onto the robotic system. Such skills include the ability to estimate the maximum applicable force before damaging the tissue. To implement this skill onto a robotic system, a mathematical model for tissue damage must be developed. The objective of this study is to measure the fracture characteristic in porcine aorta, to then investigate whether an existing fracture model can be applied onto biological tissues. Due to the similarity in the mechanical response between biological tissues and polymeric materials, the model chosen for this study was the Lake-Thomas model. This is the first paper with the aim of validating this model with biological tissues. Two main findings are reported in this investigation. We found that porcine thoracic aorta tears in a specific way which is directly correlated to the tensile direction. The second finding is that an anisotropic linear relationship exists between the critical tearing energy and the elastic modulus, and the elastic modulus to the -0.5th power. These results are discussed based on the elastin and collagen fibers, as well as established mathematical equations describing polymer mechanics.
Pleural Line Detection Enhancement in Lung Ultrasonography (LUS) Based on Morphological and Adaptive Structural 2D Filter
Authors:   Medical Instrumentation Laboratory, Instrumentation and Control Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology,    Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, INDONESIA, Susanti Hesty ,   Control, Electronics, and Intelligent Systems (CEIS) Research Group, School of Electrical Engineering,   Telkom University, Jalan Telekomunikasi No. 1, Bandung, INDONESIA
Published: March 2022

Lung ultrasonography (LUS) imaging has been used intensively to investigate and assess the lung’s various pathological conditions. A diagnostic system of lung abnormalities is developed to detect and localize the pleural line that can be viewed as the artifacts in LUS image. The continuous pleural line indicates one crucial pattern of a healthy lung. The regular repeated horizontal A-line marks this pattern with a fixed distance between the lines and ideally, produces a higher contrast in the lung image. This work proposes an image processing framework for enhancing pleural line detection in healthy subjects and patients as an early stage of further lung image interpretations in pneumonia patients. The proposed image processing framework is based on a top-hat morphological grayscale 2D filter with a texture structure element and an adaptive structural 2D low pass filter. This framework is evaluated for open dataset video ultrasonography (USG) of Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to enhance the pleural line detection for typical video LUS acquired using a linear and a convex transducer.
Breast Cancer Classification: Features Investigation Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors:   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Mashudi Nurul Amirah , Rossli Syaidathul Amaleena ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Ahmad Norulhusna ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Mohd Noor Norliza ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer after lung cancer and one of the main causes of death worldwide. Women have a higher risk of breast cancer as compared to men. Thus, one of the early diagnosis with an accurate and reliable system is critical in breast cancer treatment. Machine learning techniques are well known and popular among researchers, especially for classification and prediction. An investigation was conducted to evaluate the performance of breast cancer classification for malignant tumors and benign tumors using various machine learning techniques, namely k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) and ensemble techniques to compute the prediction of the breast cancer survival by implementing 10-fold cross validation. This study used a dataset obtained from Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) with 23 selected features measured from 569 patients, from which 212 patients have malignant tumors and 357 patients have benign tumors. The analysis was performed to investigate the feature of the tumors based on its mean, standard error, and worst. Each feature has ten properties which are radius, texture, perimeter, area, smoothness, compactness, concavity, concave, symmetry and fractal dimensions. The selection of features was considered a significant influence to the breast cancer. The analysis is compared and evaluated with thirty features to determine the features used for breast cancer classification. The result shown AdaBoost has obtained the highest accuracy for thirty features at 98.95%, ten features of mean at 98.07%, and ten features of worst at 98.77% with a lowest error rate. Additionally, the proposed methods are classified using 2-fold, 3-fold, and 5-fold cross validation to meet the best accuracy rate. Comparison results between all methods show that AdaBoost ensemble methods gave the highest accuracy at 98.77% for 10-fold cross validation, while 2-fold and 3-fold cross validation at 98.41% and 98.24%, respectively. Nevertheless, the result with 5-fold cross validation shows SVM produced the best accuracy rate at 98.60% with the lowest error rate.
Fabrication and Experimental Evaluation of Simple Tissue-Mimicking Phantoms with Realistic Electrical Properties for Impedance-Based Sensing
Authors:   Institute of Medical Device Technology,  University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY, Liu J. , Goehring C. ,   Institute of Medical Device Technology,  University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY, Schiele F. ,   Institute of Design and Production in Precision Engineering,  University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY, Moeller K. ,   Institute of Technical Medicine (ITeM),  Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, GERMANY, Pott P. P. ,   Institute of Medical Device Technology,  University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, GERMANY
Published: March 2022

Venipuncture is one of the most often performed invasive clinical procedure. Nevertheless, complications still occur. One opportunity to counteract these complications is to indicate the insertion by electrical impedance measurement, which bases on the various electrical properties of different tissues. This paper presents the evaluation and reproducible fabrication of simple tissue-mimicking phantoms for investigation of impedance sensing techniques. Three different tissue-mimicking phantoms, representing blood, fat, and skin, were made on water-based recipes, including agar and gelatin as gelling agents. For evaluation of the electrical properties an electrode probe, made of hypodermic needles, was fabricated and characterized using six sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions of defined concentrations. For characterization of the phantoms, conductances were measured over a frequency range from 20 Hz up to 1 MHz using the self-fabricated electrodes. The calculated conductivities of the tissue-mimicking phantoms showed sufficient agreement with corresponding electrical literature data of native tissue. Tests with a layered tissue structure proved usability for impedance-based venous entry tests. However, the method proposed was not suitable for investigation of relative permittivity, which would be required for full electrical characterization.
Explaining the Conceptual Model of Valuing Indicators of Urban Housing; Hedonic Method Meta-Analysis
Authors:   University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Khorasan-e Shomali, IRAN, Sedaghati Atefeh , Pirbabaei Mohammad Taghi ,   Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Azarbayejan-e Sharghi, IRAN, Nourian Farshad ,   Tehran University, Tehran, IRAN
Published: March 2022

The Hedonic valuation method has been considered in various fields by researchers in order to estimate the value of a commodity or the demand for exploitation of a commodity for many years. Besides, the "Hedonic method" has been widely used to identify "value" in the housing market. Although the Hedonic model has been used in the housing market for various purposes, a main and practical context of the model has been identifying the indicators that explain the value of housing and the application of these indicators in urban housing planning. This article tries to develop a "conceptual model" of value and inference from the research of others, by meta-analyzing the existing theoretical literature regarding the valuing indicators in the Hedonic model. The present study, which has been done by meta-analysis method, uses MAXQDA software and open and axial coding to analyze the texts in order to compile and classify the features that explain the value of housing. The research findings, which are taken from 335 highly cited articles between 2009 and 2019, show that despite the long period of application and theoretical development of the model, there is no theoretical consensus on the explanatory indicators of housing value. So that 7 main categories can be identified in the form of 350 concepts and 5883 codes (including frequency) which can show the range of housing value dimensions, in addition to summarizing the issue. Also, the share of basic structural-physical and peripheral categories, with 53.5 and 25.5 percent, respectively, has the most application in the Hedonic housing valuation model. In the two mentioned categories, the share of variables affecting the residential unit, building of the property and access to services and land uses with relative shares of 23.6, 19.2 and 16.5%, is more than other variables. The results show that while the concepts of many explanatory indicators of value are the same, a suitable range of explanatory indicators of housing value can be used in the Hedonic model according to the goals and the target community, and this can lead to the formation of indigenous and specific values of a society.
Applying Bim and Related Technologies for Maintenance and Quality Management of Construction Assets in Vietnam
Authors:   National University of Civil Engineering, 55Giai Phong Road, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Thi Huong Quynh To , Quang Phuong Luu ,   National University of Civil Engineering, 55Giai Phong Road, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Hoai Nam Le ,   National University of Civil Engineering, 55Giai Phong Road, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM
Published: March 2022

Maintenance and quality management is an important task that aims to maintain the quality and performance of a construction asset under its design and requirements, to ensure the safety and the needs of its owner(s) and us-er(s). However, in reality, the uniqueness and complexity of construction assets along with the diversity of stake-holders involved are significant challenges that make the maintenance has not achieved the desired effect and goals, thus affect the construction assets quality. The paper studies application of Building Information Modelling (BIM), and related technologies such as Barcode, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Sensor, Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality (AR) in many countries around the world; accompany with investigating into the readiness of these technologies in Vietnam. The study results show that all these technologies are available on the market in Vietnam. However, the technology readiness of the maintenance unit is narrow and needs to be im-proved. The study findings of the benefits and challenges of advanced technology adoption and the ability to implement them in Vietnam provide reliable ascertainment for researchers and construction asset managers in promoting the application of digital technologies to improve the quality and effectiveness of maintenance and quality management of construction assets in Vietnam.
Challenges of Landfill Operation in Tanjungpinang, Kepri, Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Technology Management and Business,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Wee Seow Ta , Mohamed Sulzakimin ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400, MALAYSIA, Gustiabani Zures ,   Faculty of Engineering,  Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Kota Batam, Kepulauan Riau 29425, INDONESIA
Published: March 2022

A controlled landfill is one of the ways to manage the waste generated, which is laid between open dumping and sanitary landfill. Ganet Landfill is the only one landfill located at the Tanjungpinang, Indonesia. Currently, this landfill face the operational problem and abundant to the environmental problems. This study consists of the three objectives, (i) to study the current problems of controlled landfill operation; (ii) to determine the challenges of controlled landfill operation affect the surrounding environment, and (iii) to suggest an improvement and innovation to the controlled landfill operation. The case study was conducted at Ganet Landfill in Tanjungpinang, Indonesia as a controlled landfill. The qualitative method with the semi-structured interview instrument used in this research. The data collection involved four respondents from Ganet Landfill office and the Department of Public Housing and Peoples’ Settlement Riau Archipelago. Finding shown that the most dominant current problem in Ganet landfill is the lack of manpower, lack of heavy equipment, lack of land for the future, lack of infrastructure leading to unloading points. While the challenges faced in operating Ganet Landfill as a controlled landfill are meeting the needs of the present and future communities and spread knowledge about landfills among staff and the community. Therefore, the suggestion the improvement and innovation to the Ganet Landfill are change the controlled landfill to the sanitary landfill, cooperation with the private sector to improve the landfill operation, increase waste processing from households, and increase community concern about the landfill to make sure the controlled landfill is in line with sustainable development at the local and national perspective.
Determination of QW Ser and QZ Lib parameters from optical spectra
Authors: Dudnik Anastasiya , Shimansky Vladislav , Borisov Nikolay , Sakhbullin Nail , Gabdeev Maxim
Published: March 2022

The paper investigates a new technique for determining dwarf nova parameters based on the analysis of their optical spectra with a signal-to-noise ratio S/N ≈ 80. We have determined parameters for the QW Ser and QZ Lib systems related to the SU UMa and WZ Sge dwarf novae. Moderate resolution spectra of both systems were obtained at BTA SAO during their low state with an optically thin accretion disk and the dominance of white dwarf radiation. As a result of the model analysis of the spectra, the parameters of the accretor atmosphere of QW Ser (Teff = 23500 ± 400 K and log g = 8.36 ± 0.05 dex) and constraints on the parameters for QZ Lib (Teff = 9500 ± 300 K and log g > 8.55 dex) were found. The presence of moderate noise in the studied spectra is not shown to affect the accuracy of determining parameters. The low temperature of the white dwarf does not allow to obtain a correct estimate of its surface gravity. Based on the determined parameters of the accretor atmospheres, a complete set of QW Ser parameters and estimates of QZ Lib parameters were found. The secondary components of both systems are defined to be red dwarfs of spectral type M.
Determination of supermassive black hole spins in active galactic nuclei
Authors: Mikhailov Alexander
Published: March 2022

Abstract Black hole spin is a key to the relativistic jet generation. Existing models are based on the Blandford–Znajek and/or Blandford–Payne mechanisms. The jet power in these models is determined by the spin value, black hole mass, magnetic fields at the event horizon, and the accretion disc. Independent estimates of mass, jet power, and magnetic field give opportunity to constrain the supermassive black hole spin value. We present an application of this approach for supermassive black holes in different samples of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We found that the assumption about equipartition between magnetic field energy density and accreting matter energy density is reasonable for the systems with thin accretion discs. The “mass-spin” diagrams were constructed for the samples of PG quasars and distant quasars at redshift z ≈ 4.8 and demonstrated the flattening region at masses MBH ≈ 108.5M☉. These diagrams can be used to study accretion onto supermassive black holes.
Performance Tasks as a Mediator to Communicating in English and for Enhancing Language Learner Engagement
Authors: Toyoshima Saeko
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses whether technology-based performance tasks
could be a mediator to communicating in English and enhance language learner
engagement. Through the research, this study investigated how low-proficiency
Japanese English-language learners could change their attitude toward
communicating in their target language by completing a performance task that
involved making and presenting a digital portfolio. The students had to mediate
between themselves linguistically and contextually when completing the
performance task. The study adopted two types of questions in a questionnaire:
one type involved a three-point Likert scale and the other included open-ended
questions about the performance task. Thirty-three students in the first and
twenty-eight in the second semester completed the questionnaire. The data from
the open-ended questions were analyzed qualitatively from a phenomenological
research perspective. The students’ comments on the task showed that they
positively engaged in the performance task throughout the two semesters by
reflecting on themselves as English learners, with some difficulty mediating
themselves in L1 and L2.
RESUME PENGANTAR EKONOMI MAKRO ISLAM
Authors: Widiyanti
Published: March 2022

Definisi ekonomi yang telah banyak kita dengar dan baca dari berbagai literatur buku dan awal bahas ekonomi negara Yunani dalam bahasa Greek yaitu Oikos Nomos, yang berarti tata laksana rumah tangga. Sesudah melalui masa yang sangat panjang, barulah ilmu ekonomi mendapatkan bentuk serta takrif (definisi) yang mantap seperti sekarang ini.Di dalam takrif itu ternyata bahwa masalah utama dari setiap persoalan ekonomi adalah problem of choice (masalah pemilihan) diantara pelbagai alternatifpeuggunaan sesuatu barang.
KONSEP DASAR ILMU EKONOMI
Authors: WINDAYANI MISRA
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini berkaitan dengan konsep dasar ilmu ekonomi
Resume ekonomi makro
Authors: Ananda Ahriana
Published: March 2022

Makro ekonomi adalah suatu cabang ilmu yang fokusnya mengkaji perekonomian secara keseluruhan (agregat). Yang dimaksud variabel keseluruhannya adalah pendapatan Nasional, konsumsi rumah tangga, investasi nasional, tingkat tabungan, belanja pemerintah, tingkat harga umum, jumlah uang beredar (inflasi), kesempatan kerja, dan neraca pembayaran.
Resume Pengantar ekonomi makro
Authors: rusdin Zahra amaliyah
Published: March 2022

ilmu ekonomi makro adalah untuk memahami peristiwa/fenomena ekonomi dan untuk memperbaiki kebijakan ekonomi.
Resume ekonomi makro
Authors: Astuti Sri
Published: March 2022

Materi tentang ekonomi makro
PENGANTAR EKONOMI MAKRO
Authors: Amalia Muhlisatul
Published: March 2022

Ekonomi makro atau makro-ekonomi adalah studi tentang ekonomi secara keseluruhan. Makro-ekonomi menjelaskan perubahan ekonomi yang mempengaruhi banyak masyakarakat, perusahaan, dan pasar. Ekonomi makro dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis cara terbaik untuk memengaruhi target-target kebijaksanaan seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi, stabilitas harga, tenaga kerja dan pencapaian keseimbangan neraca yang berkesinambungan.
Methodology Agreement in the Assessment of Bullying Towards Autistic, ADHD, and Community Youth
Authors: Morton Hannah , Bottini Summer , McVey Alana , Gillis Jennifer , Romanczyk Raymond
Published: March 2022

Disabled youth, especially autistic and ADHD youth, are at increased risk for bullying victimization compared to their peers; however, prevalence estimates vary widely. Examining prevalence rates by assessment tool, timeframe, and bullying type may clarify this variability. Parents of 335 neurodiverse youth (i.e., autism+ADHD, n=113; autism, n=105; ADHD, n=38; or community comparison, n=79) completed clinical questionnaires and several measures of bullying victimization via an online survey. Bullying prevalence was higher for longer timeframe cutoffs and more consistent for multi-item measures, particularly for neurodivergent youth. Autism+ADHD youth were more likely to be bullied than community youth; internalizing and externalizing behaviors fully moderated this relation for general assessments and partially so for a disability-specific questionnaire. Autism+ADHD youth were uniquely more vulnerable to verbal, relational, and physical bullying than community youth. Bullying in autistic and ADHD youth is best understood using a disability-specific measure. Bullying types and timeframes should be delineated within assessment.
Optar por la categoría científica de Doctor en Ciencias Médicas
Authors: MARTI-BRENES Prof.MARTÍ
Published: March 2022

Optar por la categoría científica de Doctor en Ciencias Médicas.UNIVERSIDAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS.Tesis Doctoral."ADN mitocondrial asociado a la infertilidad por varicocele." https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Accredited-Doctor-of-Medical-Sciences-for-the-presentation-of-the-Thesis-Presentacion-de_fig1_292228110 Asunto: Diagnóstico y tratamiento del varicocele.El varicocele se diagnosticó mediante la palpación del cordón espermático con el paciente de pie, tumbado y durante la maniobra de Valsalva. El reflujo de sangre venosa se confirmó mediante una ecografía Doppler dúplex (Toshyba Nemio SSA-550A Diagnostic Ultrasound System). Los sujetos fueron incluidos para la realización de una varicocelectomía mediante la técnica subinguinal microquirúrgica, ligando todas las venas dilatadas, conservando las arterias y glándulas linfáticas. Simultáneamente, se hizo una biopsia testicular (TESE) homolateral para la obtención de una muestra para anatomía patológica y el análisis de FADN en espermatozoides intratesticulares.Análisis de la fragmentación del ADNLa FAD se realizó en muestras frescas de semen previo a la cirugía y testiculares obtenidas por extracción de espermatozoides del testículo, mediante el test de dispersión de la cromatina descrito por Fernández et al en 200314. Se trata de un método de desnaturalización y lisis de las proteínas nucleares, basado en el principio de que los espermatozoides cuyo ADN está intacto producirán un halo de dispersión que corresponde a la cromatina liberada de proteínas, pudiendo ser fácilmente analizado por microscopía óptica de fluorescencia (fig. 1). Para ello, utilizamos el kit comercial Halosperm® de Halotech Dna15. Valores de hasta el 27 ± 11% en el índice FADN se suelen considerar dentro de la normalidad en varones fértiles y normozoospérmicos. La muestra de semen se recolectó por masturbación tras 2-3 días de abstinencia. Las muestras frescas se procesaron siguiendo el protocolo que se describe en el kit Halosperm®. En testículo, extrajimos los espermatozoides de pequeñas cantidades del tejido biopsiado. Para ello, presionamos varias veces sobre la muestra utilizando unas pinzas, y resuspendimos con una pipeta de 1 ml. Retiramos el tejido y centrifugamos a 600 g durante 5 minutos. Desechamos el sobrenadante y resuspendimos en 50 μl debuffer fosfato salino estéril. Tomamos 10 μl y observamos la presencia de espermatozoides al microscopio. A partir de este punto, seguimos el protocolo descrito por el kit comercial.Accredited Doctor of Medical Sciences for the presentation of the Thesis.(2005).
Context Matters: Preliminary Evidence for Differential Associations Between Observations of Positive Affect in Social vs. Non-social Contexts with Adiposity Across Infancy
Authors: Wood Alexis , Momin Shabnam , Senn Mackenzie , Bridgett David J
Published: March 2022

Excess adiposity during the first year of life places children at increased risk f or adverse health outcomes across the lifespan. Previous studies have suggested that a temperament high in negative affect during infancy is associated with higher adiposity, yet few studies have examined whether positive affect shows similar associations. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with an across early and late infancy between three measures of adiposity and positive affect, by observing positive affect in both a social and a non-social context. Data were available on 125 infants at four months of age, and again at 12 months of age for 79 of these infants. Our analyses did not find any cross-sectional associations between positive affect and adiposity (all P>.05). However, in the longitudinal analyses, positive affect in a non-social context, when observed at four months of age, was positively associated with higher z scores for weight-for-length (zWFL; ß = 1.56, SE=0.68, P=.03) and body mass index (zBMI; ß = 1.20, SE=0.64, P=.06) at 12 months of age, while positive affect observed at four months of age in a social context was associated with a lower percentage of body fat at 12 months of age (ß = 11.45, SE=4.88, P=.02). These findings provide preliminary evidence that levels of positive affect associate with adiposity in infancy, but suggest that the direction of association may be specific to the context.
Harming In Order To Help: An Empirical Characterization of Prosocial Aggression
Authors: West Samuel James , Depow Gregory John , Parton Drew M. , Chester David
Published: March 2022

People sometimes inflict harm with the intent to help the very target of their aggression. Across six studies (N = 1,527), we examined the nature of such prosocial aggression. Many participants believed that altruistically-motivated aggression exists and most believed their aggression was more altruistic than others’ — beliefs that were positively associated with antisocial and prosocial traits. Translating beliefs to behavior, participants were often prosocially-aggressive — inflicting more harm when their aggression could also help (versus only hurt) the target. Prosocial aggression was elevated towards agreeable (versus antagonistic) people, robust to whether it was personally costly or not, and sensitive to both the degree of harm it inflicted and help it conferred. It was unassociated with antisocial and prosocial traits, failing to map neatly onto agreeable or antagonistic tendencies. Our findings characterize a novel aggression phenotype and highlight the need to understand how people often intentionally harm those they wish to help.
Specifying the timescale of early life unpredictability helps explain the development of internalising and externalising behaviours and their link with reproductive effort in adolescence
Authors: Farkas Bence Csaba , Baptista Axel , Speranza Mario , Wyart Valentin , Jacquet Pierre O.
Published: March 2022

Early life unpredictability associated with both physical and mental health outcomes throughout the life course. Here, we classified adverse experiences based on the timescale on which they are likely to introduce variability in children’s environments: variations unfolding over short time scales (e.g., hours, days, weeks) and labelled Stochasticity vs variations unfolding over longer time scales (e.g., months, years) and labelled Volatility and explored how they contribute to the development of problem behaviours. Results indicate that externalising behaviours at age 9 and 15 were better accounted for by models that separated stochasticity and volatility measured at ages 3 to 5. Whereas internalising behaviours were not associated with any form of unpredictability, externalising behaviours were specifically associated with volatility. This positive association was mediated by greater reproductive efforts. These findings are interpreted in light of life history models of psychopathology and reinforcement learning models of learning under uncertainty.
Optimization for World Domination: Dawning Scientific Revolution`s Political Problem
Authors: Zhu Wen Yi
Published: March 2022

Scientific revolution may render nuclear deterrence useless, and invite rulers of sovereign states once more to the battle royal for world domination. Among sovereign states recognizing no higher authority, and honoring no accountability, international security would only be safeguarded, by a state, organization, or mechanism, with physical power capable of world domination, that would manifest, if ever manifests in real sense, as de facto world domination. Failure to monopolize this power by first acquisition and application, would thus be de facto subjugation at all levels. As natural sciences granting such power has no moral ingrain, and are often expected for sole “optimum” on a given problem set, rulers of sovereign states may develop a powerful urge for imagined “optimal solution” in politics, to facilitate the great rush for “optimum” in natural sciences, perceived as crucial for survival or victory. As a result, political life in these states would demoralize, with democratic values and its political practise overpowered by the way. For the belief of a survival countdown, may turn historical reasons for democracy, in wisdom, popularity, and justice, all against it.
No Irreversibility, No Scarcity: How Will Ongoing Scientific Revolution Retouch Political Power
Authors: Zhu Wen Yi
Published: March 2022

Current scientific revolution may produce power so great, to rule out Irreversibility and Scarcity, short of permanent death, in anthrosphere. Such power, manifesting as probably an omnimachine, under direct human control, would thus become the most important means of production, political rights, and political power, in combination. Such power, fairly shared, would change meaning, relationship, and practise of political equality, freedom, and democracy for the better, as never before. Still, the omnimachine, powerful as it may be, will likely develop in a world of Nation States competing for it, and would not be able to choose its own owner. Frightened by “General AI” and “foreign threats”, and seeking protection in idolatry, citizens of nation states would likely create for themselves a superhuman dictator with the omnimachine. Yet this new and utter tyranny, could, ironically, offer so much more affluence, equality, freedom, and democracy than any government of the past, those most equal, free, or democratic included, if the superhuman wills. Even if people could once share the new power fairly among themselves, safeguarding it would would still be challenging. There would be, thus, no real escape from the duties of politics, collective or personal, through whatever power of natural sciences.
Are universal ethics necessary? And possible? A systematic theory of universal ethics and a code for global moral education
Authors: Winkler Enno A.
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes the political, philosophical, societal, legal, educational, biological, psychological and technological reasons why there is an urgent need for basic intercultural and interfaith ethics in the world and whether it is possible to formulate a valid code of such ethics. It is shown that universal ethics could be founded on natural law, which can be understood in both religious and secular ways. Alternatively, universal ethics could be based on a single supreme principle that is independent of worldview and culture: human dignity. In accordance with these concepts, a minimalist and normative code of essential, self-evident universal ethical principles and norms is proposed. The implementation of universal ethics in society is a long-term political task that could be achieved by including universal ethics in the compulsory school curriculum of all countries and in the UNESCO agenda of Global Citizen Education.
Comparative Study of the Illustrations and Images of the Chinese Classical Novel “Investiture of the Gods” in Woodblock Editions, Popular Prints and Temple Paintings
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zavidovskaia E. ,   Bryansk State University, Maiatskii D. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Yang Y. ,   National Zhongzheng University
Published: March 2022

The paper discusses visual material based the plot of the Ming dynasty novel Fengshen yanyi (“Investiture of the Gods”, “封神演義”,), formed on the basis of a large corpus of written historical works and Song—Yuan vernacular literature. Various illustrated woodblock and lithographic editions of the novel (published before 1911) are discussed in chronological order with focus on the special features and artistic level of the illustrations, their content and technique are compared. Artisans' approaches to interpretation of the novel is also a subject of discussion. Popular woodblock prints nianhua from Russian collections are examined in order to trace whether connections with book illustrations exist and what episodes of the novel became more popular and for what reason. The paper refers to materials stored in prominent libraries, museums and research centres of Russia, Europe, US and Asia.
Rola Sądu Najwyższego Państwa Izrael w kontekście stabilności ustroju politycznego opartego na konstytucji nieskodyfikowanej
Authors: Perlikowski Łukasz
Published: March 2022

The article concerns the stability of a specific political system based on the so-called non--codified constitution, which was formed in the State of Israel. The main goal is to present and characterise the systemic position of the Supreme Court in this country and, above all, the competences of this body in the field of maintaining political stability and public order. There are two main hypotheses in the paper. According to the first one, the Supreme Court is especially predestined to perform stability functions. According to second hypothesis a system based on an uncodified constitution supports the actions of the Supreme Court aimed at achieving a state of political stability. In the course of the analysis, tools from such disciplines as political theory, jurisprudence and the science of constitutional law were used. At the beginning of the article, the research perspective was defined, the most important element of which is the operationalization of the general concept of “stability” and the concept of “political stability”.
O metodzie prac ustrojowych w II Rzeczypospolitej. Praktyka parlamentarna w procesie przekształceń konstytucyjnych
Authors: Wojtacki Maciej
Published: March 2022

This study depicts the evolution of doctrine and political practice in the Second Republic of Poland in the field of the parliament’s constitutional work. The influence of the native politico-legal tradition, first of all the Constitution of 3 May, on the solutions adopted in the March Constitution has also been discussed, particularly in terms of obligatory revision of the fundamental law. Additionally, the paper mentions the process of departure from the concepts arising from the experiences of the partitioning states in favour of the republican ideas, which although not exactly identical, were nonetheless closer to the Polish political tradition, the reflection of which was the formula of extraordinary revision based on the French constitutionalism. The text also refers to the proceedings of the enactment of the April Constitution, which were inconsistent with the prevailing constitutional norms. The legitimisation of these activities was constituted by the decisions of the Marshals of both chambers of the Polish parliament, resulting from the powers conferred on them by the internal regulations of the representation. Furthermore, it was indicated that the parallel introduction into the political system of institutions created in entirely different historical and social conditions led to a crisis of the state and its structures and consequently to the systemic change, the expression of which was the new constitution in 1935.
Glosa do postanowień Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w sprawach Grimmark vs. Szwecja oraz Steen vs. Szwecja z dnia 11 lutego 2020 r. – sprzeciw sumienia położnych
Authors: Nawrot Oktawian
Published: March 2022

The commented decisions concern the issue of freedom of conscience in the midwifery profession and the possibility of its restriction by the state in connection with the need to ensure access to health care for pregnant women, in particular those choosing to terminate their pregnancy. The European Court of Human Rights, breaking with the previous line of jurisprudence, ruled that where the possibility of termination of pregnancy is provided for by national law and implemented within the framework of the health care system, a person intending to exercise the profession of midwife, which entails, inter alia, the obligation to participate in abortion procedures, cannot exempt herself from this obligation on the grounds of conscientious objection. The author disagrees with the position of the Court and with the reasoning presented by it, which led it to declare the complaints as manifestly unfounded.
Pemasaran Pariwisata pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Bali Bird Park, Kabupaten Gianyar
Authors: Ramadhan Shofyan Hadi , Suryawan Ida Bagus , Sukana Made
Published: March 2022

Virus Covid-19 secara resmi diumumkan oleh World Health Organization (WHO) sebagai pandemi pada Maret 2020. Virus ini sangat mempengaruhi berbagai sektor salah satunya adalah sektor pariwisata. Adanya virus Covid-19 ini membuat pariwisata tidak dapat berjalan dengan seharusnya karena wisatawan tidak dapat bepergian dan beberapa destinasi wisata juga harus terpaksa tutup. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menghindari adanya penyebaran virus Covid-19.Bali merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang paling banyak dikunjungi oleh wisatawan mancanegara. Adanya virus Covid-19 ini sangat mempengaruhi jumlah wisatawan yang datang ke Bali berkurang sebanyak 74,18%. Berkurangnya wisatawan yang datang ke Bali sangat berpengaruh terhadap destinasi wisata yang ada di Bali. Salah satu destinasi wisata di Bali yang terkena dampak dari adanya virus Covid-19 adalah Bali Bird Park. Adanya virus Covid-19 ini membuat Bali Bird Park harus memiliki strategi pemasaran yang berbeda dari sebelumnya untuk menarik wisatawan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini hendak mengidentifikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh Bali Bird Park pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dalam penanganan virus Covid-19 ini Bali Bird Park menerapkan CHSE (Cleanliness, Health, Safety, and Environmental Sustainability). Hal ini diterapkan untuk meningkatkan rasa aman dan nyaman bagi para wisatawan yang datang ke Bali Bird Park. Selain itu, Bali Bird Park juga menyusun strategi pemasaran baru untuk menangani situasi pariwisata ditengah pandemi. Strategi pemasaran yang baru ini dilakukan dengan segmenting untuk generasi z, targeting ke wisatawan domestik Bali, dan menurunkan positioning harga.