bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dig Here! Extracting and Using Knowledge from Financial Audit Reports
Authors: Pawar Sachin , Apte Manoj , Pawde Aditi , Vaishampayan Sushodhan , Palshikar Girish , Shinde Akshada
Published: May 2023

Financial audits establish trust in the governance and processes in an organization, but they are time-consuming and knowledge intensive. To increase the effectiveness of financial audit, we address the task of generating audit suggestions that can help auditors to focus their investigations. Specifically, we present NLP techniques to extract hidden knowledge from a corpus of past financial audit reports of many companies, and use it for generating audit suggestions. The extracted knowledge consists of a set of automatically identified sentences containing adverse remarks, the financial variables mentioned in each sentence and automatically assigned XBRL categories for them, since XBRL is a standardized taxonomy in the financial domain. In the absence of suitable labeled data, we adopted a weak supervision approach. We designed a set of high precision linguistic rules to identify adverse remark sentences, created automatically labeled training data using them, and trained BERT-based and other classifiers to identify such sentences. We next presented novel techniques (which are either unsupervised or zero-shot) to assign zero, one, or more XBRL categories to any given adverse remark sentence. We evaluated the proposed approaches, on a large corpus of real-life financial statements and audit reports, against competent baselines. Given a company’s financial statements (already identified as suspicious), and given a subset of financial variables in them that contribute to suspiciousness, we match these with the extracted knowledge base and identify aligned adverse remarks that help the auditor in focusing on specific directions for further investigations.
Conditionals, Infeasible Worlds, and Reasoning with System W
Authors: Haldimann Jonas , Beierle Christoph , Kern-Isberner Gabriele , Meyer Thomas
Published: May 2023

The recently introduced notion of an inductive inference operator captures the process of completing a given conditional belief base to an inference relation. System W is such an inductive inference operator exhibiting some notable properties like extending rational closure and satisfying syntax splitting for inference from conditional belief bases. However, the definition of system W and the shown results regarding its properties only take belief bases into account that satisfy a strong notion of consistency where no worlds may be completely infeasible. In this paper, we lift this limitation and extend the definition of system W to also cover belief bases that force some worlds to be infeasible. We establish the position of the extended system W within a map of other inductive inference operators being able to deal with the presence of infeasible worlds, including system Z and multipreference closure. For placing lexicographic inference in this map, we show that the definition of lexicographic inference must be slightly modified so that it is an inductive inference operator satisfying direct inference even when there are worlds that are infeasible. Furthermore, we show that, like its unextended version, the extended system W enjoys other desirable properties such as still fully complying with syntax splitting.
Serious Games for Training in Patient Flow Management in Emergency Departments: State of the Art and Perspectives
Authors: Blot Charlotte , Weickert Katia , Payros Arthur , Avalos Marta , Gil-Jardiné Cédric
Published: May 2023

Emergency departments (EDs) face significant challenges in providing timely care due to the increase in patient volume and limited resources. To improve patient flow management, new strategies based on artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer modeling, and simulation have been developed, including serious computer games and virtual reality. We performed a systematic review of the use of serious games and virtual reality to train healthcare professionals in the ED.
A Comparison of Behavior Cloning Methods in Developing Interactive Opposing-Force Agents
Authors: Lebanoff Logan , Paul Nicholas , Ballinger Christopher , Sherry Patrick , Carpenter Gavin , Newton Charles
Published: May 2023

Modern modeling and simulation environments, such as commercial games or military training systems, frequently demand interactive agents that exhibit realistic and responsive behavior in accordance with a predetermined specification, such as a storyboard or military tactics document.Traditional methods for creating agents, such as state machines or behavior trees, necessitate a significant amount of effort for developing state representations and transition processes through manual knowledge engineering. On the other hand, newer techniques for behavior generation, such as deep reinforcement learning, require a vast amount of training data (centuries in many cases), and there is no guarantee that the generated behavior will align with intended objectives and courses of action. This paper examines the application of behavior cloning approaches in designing interactive agents. In our approach, users start by defining desired behavior through straightforward methods such as state machine models or behavior trees. Behavior cloning methods are then used to transform ground-truth trajectory data sampled from these models into differentiable policies that are further refined through engagement with interactive game environments. This method results in improvements in training results when compared on dimensions of task performance and stability of training.
Addressing Fast Changing Fashion Trends in Multi-Stage Recommender Systems
Authors: Singha Roy Aayush , D'Amico Edoardo , Lawlor Aonghus , Hurley Neil
Published: May 2023

Fashion industry is driven by fashion cycles, in which a fashion item is launched, rises to mainstream appeal and becomes a trend, then diminishes and eventually becomes obsolete. These properties make it critical to incorporate temporal information when adapting a recommendation framework to be employed in the fashion domain. However, an industry standard real-world recommendation architecture entails numerous phases, including data preparation, establishing and training recommender models, filtering and fulfilling revenue-based user needs. The contributions of the presented work are twofold. We first formalise the multi-stage recommendation pipeline by including the time dimension intrinsically present in the fashion data. We then present a study to incorporate explicit fashion domain characteristics into the presented pipeline. Finally, we conduct comprehensive experimentation on a real-world web-scale fashion dataset released by H\&M, illustrating how including domain knowledge in the multi-stage framework can lead to significantly improvement on the final recommendation performance.
Choosing the Task Allocator: Effect on Performance and Satisfaction in Human-Agent Team
Authors: Abuhaimed Sami , Karaoglu Selim , Sen Sandip
Published: May 2023

Ad hoc human-agent teams, where team members interact without prior experience with teammates and only for a limited number of interactions, will be commonplace in dynamic environments with opportunity windows for collaboration between diverse groups. We study the efficacy of virtual ad-hoc teams, consisting of a human and an agent, collaborating to complete tasks in each of a few episodes. To maximize team potential, the relative expertise of team members must be measured and utilized in allocating tasks. As team members are not initially aware of each other's task competence and as humans often cannot accurately estimate their competencies, adapting allocation over the episodes is critical to team performance. Human team member satisfaction with allocations is also critical to determining team viability. We therefore use both these criteria to measure the effectiveness of task allocation procedures with varying degree of flexibility and human teammate control: (a) alternating, (b) performance adaptive, (c) agent-guided, (d) human-selected. We report on the relative strengths of these allocation procedures based on results from experiments with MTurk workers.
PerFC: An Efficient 2D and 3D Perception Software-Hardware Framework for Mobile Cobot
Authors: Dang Tuan , Nguyen Khang , Huber Manfred
Published: May 2023

In this work, we present an end-to-end software-hardware framework that supports both conventional hardware and software components and integrates machine learning object detectors without requiring an additional dedicated graphic processor unit (GPU). We design our framework to achieve real-time performance on the robot system, guarantee such performance on multiple computing devices, and concentrate on code reusability. We then utilize transfer learning strategies for 2D object detection and fuse them into depth images for 3D depth estimation. Lastly, we test the proposed framework on the Baxter robot with two 7-DOF arms and a four-wheel mobility base. The results show that the robot achieves real-time performance while executing other tasks (map building, localization, navigation, object detection, arm moving, and grasping) with available hardware like Intel onboard GPUs on distributed computers. Also, to comprehensively control, program, and monitor the robot system, we design and introduce an end-user application. The source code is available at https://github.com/tuantdang/perception_framework.
Enforcing Grammar in Code Synthesis with Transformers
Authors: Vitel Dmytro , Steinle Stephen , Licato John
Published: May 2023

Even more so than natural language, code is extremely sensitive to syntax; a small error could make an entire snippet invalid. It is therefore important to explore methods for ensuring syntactic correctness in generated code. Existing methods to resolve this issue often rely on the complex architecture of syntax-guided decoders. In this work, we present the grammar enforcement method, which introduces a separate layer that constrains the decisions of the transformer during fine-tuning according to syntactic constructs present both in the target language grammar and the given training set. We experiment with the Hearthstone dataset to study its effects on result programs and compare it with the existing state-of-art syntax-guided decoders. We demonstrate a statistically significant positive effect of grammar enforcement on the quality of generated programs in terms of exact match accuracy and grammatically correct percent of samples. At the same time, we observe lower values for text-based metrics, chrF, and BLEU, potentially indicating their inability to represent the quality of generated abstract syntax sequences.
Medical Relevancy of Cancer-Related Tweets and Its Relation to Misinformation
Authors: McCord Melanie , Hamid Fahmida
Published: May 2023

Social media is one of the most dominant ways of spreading information. Still, unfortunately, these open platforms provide ways to spreading misinformation which can be extremely dangerous, especially when relevant to sensitive issues such as health-related information. Hence such platforms require an effective autonomous misinformation detection mechanism. Understanding the data is one of the necessary artifacts for building such a mechanism. In this work, we attempted to determine the medical relevancy of cancer-related tweets and explore whether they contain misinformation. We created a dataset of roughly 500 tweets and labeled them according to their medical relevance: medically relevant, not medically relevant, or unrelated to cancer. We ran logistic regression and support vector machine models on them. The highest proportion of correctly identified “medically relevant” tweets, i.e., accuracy, was 0.795. Our analysis hints at some features and factors that can automatically improve cancer-relevant and non-relevant tweet detection.
Rooster Colony Algorithm: A two-step Multi-Swarm Optimization Approach
Authors: Salido Miguel A. , Giret Adriana , Perez Christian , March Carlos
Published: May 2023

Particle Swarm Optimization is a metaheuristic optimization algorithm inspired by the collective behavior of animal swarms where a set of candidate solutions, called particles, are randomly initialized in the search space, and their movements are iteratively updated based on their individual best solutions and the global best solution found by the swarm. This paper proposes a Multi-Swarm rooster colony algorithm (RCA) that considers a set of roosters, each owning a group of hens to compose a team. Each team (rooster and its hens) competes for the resource (food) with the other teams. From the combinatorial optimization point of view, each team analyzes part of the search space by an independent PSO algorithm with the same objective function. The RCA algorithm concurrently executes all PSO algorithms with different inertial weights for exploring different regions and the best solution (Gbest) of each team will compose the initial population for a new further centralized PSO algorithm that will exploit the previous solutions to search for the optimal one. Thus, the proposed RCA is composed of two steps, based on exploration and exploitation strategies to find an optimized solution in the search space. The results show that the proposed algorithm is competitive in solving well-known optimization functions. The objective is to apply this technique to solving real-life scheduling problems.
Relative Effects of Positive and Negative Explanations on Satisfaction and Performance in Human-Agent Teams
Authors: Lavender Bryan , Abuhaimed Sami , Sen Sandip
Published: May 2023

Improving agent capabilities and increasing availability of computing platforms and Internet connectivity allows for more effective and diverse collaboration between human users and automated agents. To increase the viability and effectiveness of human-agent collaborative teams, there is a pressing need for research enabling such teams to maximally leverage relative strengths of human and automated reasoners. We study virtual and ad-hoc teams, comprising a human and an agent, collaborating over a few episodes where each episode requires them to complete a set of tasks chosen from given task types. Team members are initially unaware of the capabilities of their partners, and the agent, acting as the task allocator, has to adapt the allocation process to maximize team performance. The focus of the current paper is on analyzing how allocation decision explanations can affect both user performance and the human workers' outlook including factors such as motivation and satisfaction. We investigate the effect of explanations provided by the agent allocator to the human on performance and key factors reported by the human teammate on surveys. Survey factors include the effect of explanations on motivation, explanatory power, and understandability, as well as satisfaction with and trust / confidence in the teammate. We evaluated a set of hypotheses on these factors related to positive, negative, and no-explanation scenarios through experiments conducted with MTurk workers.
Model Representation Considerations for Artificial Intelligence Opponent Development in Combat Games
Authors: Kitchen Sarah , McGroarty Chris , Aris Timothy
Published: May 2023

The performance and behavior of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) opponent in games requires coordination of multiple agents and complex tasks depends on many design choices made during implementation. Currently, gaming agents developed with Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are constructed to play the game, leading to natural design choices for observations, actions, and rewards that are congruent with a human player's actions and objectives. However, in simulation and serious games, the objective of the implemented opponent should be developed in a way that supports the learning objectives for the user, such as by including additional ground truth environment data in the observation space or action structure. Therefore, the reward structure for the AI needs to incorporate more sophisticated considerations than just whether the game was won or lost by the AI. In this way the design space for opponent AI in these settings is considerably broader than what is traditionally used for RL gaming AI. This paper considers the implications of observation representation and reward design for the AI agent and associated actions in the context of 2-player battlefield-type games that are not strictly zero-sum. Semi-cooperative and fully competitive models are considered. The environment in these games is a spatially extended battlefield in which agents must maneuver their forces to bring them into combat range of each other. The objective of the game is control over a pre-specified location in the game, and combat is executed via Lanchester attrition. We demonstrate the impact of aggregation on stochasticity of the model, where aggregation of the state model is controlled by various entropy-based metrics, as well as on the policy learned by an RL agent. Generalizations to alternative scenarios and objectives are discussed, as well as applications to the development of an AI combat opponent that can cohesively manage its forces over multiple scales.
Marriage by Proxy: A Remedy to Divorce and Single Parenting as Presented in Ifá Ogbèdí Divination Poetry
Authors: Olaleye Samuel Kayode
Published: May 2023

Marriage is an important aspect of life in Africa and other nations around the world. In Africa, particularly among the Yorùbá, marriage institution is sacredly ordained by Olódùmarè for the purpose of procreation and mutual help. Therefore, anyone in the society that has attained marriageable age is expected to marry notwithstanding any form of deformity. However, it is unfortunate that the institution of marriage in the world today is facing a lot of hitches leading to divorce, and eventually, single parenting. In the past, marriage by proxy, which means marriage that follows due process with the help of intermediary and Ifá divination, was, considerably helpful in sustaining marital union. However today, some people have attributed the problem of marriage breakup to abandoned culture and modernity through Western education, foreign culture, and religions, while others premise it on women’s liberation. Yet, the latter argument may not be strong enough since many prominent women were successful in their business enterprises and marriage even in times of the gods such as Ajé who had 200 slaves that helped her to take her wares to the market. Whether these shared views are true or there are other factors associated with the issue of marriage and divorce is what this paper tries to find out. Hence, ten men and women were interviewed from each three principal religions in Nigeria and their opinions were content analyzed. Regardless of religious affiliation, at least 82% of the respondents agreed that foreign culture, religion, and education extremely contributed to the decline of African culture, which gave room for divorce of which the end product is single parenting.
The Concepts and Contextualization of Incantations in Nigerian Popular Music: Juju Music as Paradigm
Authors: Olusola Kayode
Published: May 2023

The Yoruba people like any other African tribe are enriched with magical and other traditional spiritual powers that are capable of invoking spirits and deities. These powers actualized with incantation as one of the Yoruba oral literature, to achieve a particular spiritual purpose. This paper discusses the concepts and contextualization of incantations by some Nigerian Juju musicians as part of their music in order to highlight various types and their socio-religious roles. Data is collected through primary and secondary sources, and this paper relies on culture change and role theories in musicology as a fulcrum for discourse. The findings revealed that the incantation used in Juju music contains texts requesting spiritual protection, a defensive attack against the enemy, as well as for fame and financial success. Discovered that the incantation performed in spoken verse or song form as prescribed by the spiritualists consulted. This paper concludes that, apart from musicians’ creativity, the culture change witnessed in terms of the use of incantation in juju music in the 1970s, was because of the borrowed creativity influenced by different Yoruba traditional spiritual poetry. This paper, therefore, highlights and documents the phenomenon of incantation as a Yoruba linguistic verbal art in popular music in Nigeria.
RANCANG BANGUN COFFEE MAKER OTOMATIS BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO R3 DENGAN KONTROL SUARA
Authors: Amien Toriqul , Bakhri Syaiful , Ardianto Donie Agus , Tandayu Rivandi Hangky
Published: May 2023

Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian menginformasikan bahwa konsumsi kopi Indonesia diprediksi terus tumbuh ke depannya dengan rata-rata sebesar 8,22 persen per tahunnya. Dengan meningkatnya konsumsi akan kopi ini maka dibutuhkan  coffee maker yang dapat memanjakan para penikmat kopi, oleh karena itu dibuatlah rancang bangun coffee maker otomatis menggunakan kontrol suara berbasis Arduino Uno R3. Dari hasil perancangan diketahui bahwa arduino Uno R3 dapat digunakan sebagai sistem utama pada coffee maker dengan input suara berupa aplikasi di handphone yang dihubungkan dengan bluetooth HC-05 pada alat coffee maker dengan jarak koneksi maksimal adalah 13,8 meter serta presentase speech recognition sebesar 78% dan dapat dikontrol dengan bluetooth dari handphone dengan proses selama ± 28 detik..Kata kunci: pembuat kopi; arduino uno R3; motor servo; motor stepper; bluetooth module HC-05.
ANALISA VARIASI BEBAN DENGAN KECEPATAN TETAP TERHADAP RANCANG BANGUN TRAVELATOR MOTOR DC
Authors: Triyanto Aripin , Irwansyah Nurkahfi , Sunardi Ariyawan
Published: May 2023

Teknologi saat ini berkembang pesat khususnya dalam bidang kontrol. Banyak sistem kontrol berpindah haluan dari rangkaian kontrol yang dirangkai secara AC ke rangkaian kontrol secara DC. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang dan disimulasikan travelator yang menggunakan sistem penggerak motor DC. Rancang bangun ini menggunakan sistem kontrol arduino dan metode PWM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan sebuah ide baru yang lebih efisien dibandingkan travelator sistem penggerak motor AC yang sudah banyak dipakai untuk fasilitas umum. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dengan beban maksimal 3,300 kg dan panjang 20 cm, keadaan forward pada PWM 200 bernilai 40,7 rpm dengan torsi 7,5 sedangkan keadaan reversenya 40,6 rpm dengan torsi 7,52, keadaan forward pada PWM 227 bernilai 51 rpm dengan torsi 6 sedangkan keadaan reversenya 50,6 rpm dengan torsi 6,03, keadaan forward pada PWM 255 bernilai 61,8 rpm dengan torsi 4,94 sedangkan keadaan reversenya 62 rpm dengan torsi 4,92.Kata kunci : Arduino UNO R3; kendali kecepatan; motor DC; PWM
Living Arrangements of Iranian Older Adults and Its Socio-demographic Correlates
Authors:   Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Sadeghi Rasoul , Khodaparast Fatemeh Sadat ,   Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objectives In the context of family changes and population aging, changing the pattern of life arrangements of older adults has become a social and policy issue. In this regard, this article aims to investigate the patterns of living arrangements of older adults and its socio-demographic correlates. Methods & Materials A secondary analysis of micro-census data for 2006 and 2016 was used. The study population include people aged 60 and over living in households. Multinomial logistic regression tests and SPSS26 were used to data analysis. Results Living with a spouse and children is the dominant form of living arrangements for older adults in Iran. However, the share of this pattern has been almost stable in the decade 2006-2016, and in contrast, the share of older adults living alone has increased from 12% to 15%. The results indicated a significant gender difference in the pattern of living alone and its prevalence in elderly women (24.1%) was four times higher for older than older men (5.6%). Also, the results showed that with increasing age, the probability of living alone increases and with increasing the level of education of the older adults, the probability of living alone decreases. In addition, rural older adults are more likely to live alone than urban older adults. Conclusion Although living with a spouse and children is still the dominant pattern, the living alone of older adults is increasing. Women are more likely to live alone than older men and face more problems. Therefore, paying attention to the issues and problems of the alone elderly women should be the headline of the country’s welfare programs and policies. In addition, by creating employment in rural areas, it is possible to prevent the migration of young people to the city to some extent and reduce the possibility of living alone among rural older adults.
Papel de Par-4 en tumores de cáncer de mama en etapas tardías y recurrentes
Authors:   Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL)., Zapata-Benavides Pablo , Rodríguez-Padilla María Cristina , Arellano-Rodríguez Norma Cesilia
Published: May 2023

ntroducción. Las muertes en los pacientes con cáncer de mama ocurren principalmente por la recurrencia y metástasis y no por el tumor primario, la agresividad del tumor se asocia al estatus hormonal, tumores receptor estrógeno negativo o triple negativo son neoplasias de mal pronóstico que tienen la capacidad de inducir metástasis o recurrencia la baja expresión de Par-4 se asocia a un mal pronóstico, por esa razón analizamos la participación de Par-4 en la recurrencia tumoral. Área cubierta. Se realizo una búsqueda de artículos relacionades con cáncer de mama, recurrencia y Par-4 en el PubMed y en otros bancos de datos, con la finalidad de comprender la relación de Par-4 como gen supresor de tumor con el proceso carcinogénico y recurrencia de cáncer de mama. Opinión experta. La baja expresión Par-4 está asociado en tumores receptor de estrógeno negativo o con alto grado de transformación, la expresión de par-4 disminuye o es bloqueada en las células remantes después de la quimioterapia y durante el proceso de transición epitelial mesenquimal (EMT) en la recurrencia del tumor, observándose que ar-4 es necesaria y esencial para la recurrencia del cáncer de mama. El entendimiento de la biología del Par-4 en el cáncer de mama abre la posibilidad de ser empleado como una estrategia terapéutica para que coadyuven a la eliminación destrucción de los tumores resistentes o recurrentes de cáncer de mama.
Соціальне право: навч. - метод. посібник
Authors:   Національний університет ", Бориченко К. В. ,   Одеська юридична академія", Гудзь А. О.
Published: May 2023

Навчально-методичний посібник призначений для організації практичної та теоретичної діяльності учасників освітнього процесу під час проведення аудиторної, самостійної та індивідуальної роботи здобувачів вищої освіти, підготовки їх до здачі екзамену.
Quantifying Compressibility and Slip in Multiparticle Collision (MPC) Flow Through a Local Constriction
Authors: Akhter Tahmina , Rohlf Katrin
Published: May 2023

The flow of a compressible fluid with slip through a cylinder with an asymmetric local constriction has been considered both numerically, as well as analytically. For the numerical work, a particle-based method whose dynamics is governed by the multiparticle collision (MPC) rule has been used together with a generalized boundary condition that allows for slip at the wall. Since it is well known that an MPC system corresponds to an ideal gas and behaves like a compressible, viscous flow on average, an approximate analytical solution has been derived from the compressible Navier–Stokes equations of motion coupled to an ideal gas equation of state using the Karman–Pohlhausen method. The constriction is assumed to have a polynomial form, and the location of maximum constriction is varied throughout the constricted portion of the cylinder. Results for centerline densities and centerline velocities have been compared for various Reynolds numbers, Mach numbers, wall slip values and flow geometries. 
Becoming lost and found: Peace, Christianity, and anti-oppression
Authors: Pon Gordon
Published: May 2023

This paper argues that interrogating the concepts of peace and forgiveness reveals tensions in anti-oppressive discourses around secularity versus Christian beliefs, as well as dogmatic tendencies in anti-oppression. Concepts such as peace and forgiveness are seldom engaged with due to anti-oppression’s regulatory framework that is premised on a secular/sacred binarism. Peace and forgiveness are concepts that can trouble the secular/sacred binary, render anti-oppressive identities more capacious, and augment discussions of self-reflectivity.

 
Right of children to be heard
Authors: Koller Donna
Published: May 2023

[Para. 1]: "Children now comprise 30% of the world’s population. In one way or another, the COVID- 19 pandemic has altered the life of every child on the planet. Children have experienced school and childcare closures, limited play and social interactions, increases in domestic violence, abuse, poverty—and some have experienced the profound loss of losing a loved one. The pandemic has exposed the fragility of children’s lives and has profoundly threatened their fundamental human rights."
The Life Threatened Child and the Life Enhancing Clown: Towards a Model of Therapeutic Clowning
Authors: Koller Donna , Gryski Camilla
Published: May 2023

In the last decade, there has been a rapid growth in the presence of clowns in hospitals, particularly in pediatric settings. The proliferation of clowns in health care settings has resulted in varying levels of professionalism and accountability. For this reason, there is a need to examine various forms of clowning, in particular therapeutic clowning in pediatric settings. The purpose of this article is to address what therapeutic clowning is and to describe the extent to which it can provide a complementary form of health care. In an attempt to apply theory to practice, the article will draw upon the experiences of a therapeutic clown within a pediatric setting while providing a historical and theoretical account of how clowns came to be in hospitals. Toward this end, a proposed model of therapeutic clowning will be offered which can be adapted for a variety of settings where children require specialized forms of play in order to enhance their coping, development and adjustment to life changes. Finally, current research on clowning in children’s hospitals will be reviewed including a summary of findings from surveys administered at the Hospital for Sick Children.
Hiding and seeking: Children's lived experiences during COVID-19
Authors: Koller Donna , Grossi Maxime , van den Heuvel Meta , Wong Peter
Published: May 2023

A qualitative study explored the perspectives and lived experiences of school-age children during COVID-19 using a child rights lens. Twenty children between the ages of 7 and 12 participated in open-ended, virtual interviews. Our hermeneutic analysis found children's right to play and education were severely compromised leaving children to navigate between two worlds: the adult world of public health restrictions and that of their childhood. Despite challenges and lost childhood opportunities, children emerged as competent social agents and responsible citizens. Planning for future pandemics should include policies and practices that balance public health needs with the protection of children's rights.

 
Pandemic planning in pediatric care: A website policy review and national survey data
Authors: Nicholas David , Patershuk Clare , Koller Donna , Bruce-Barrett Cindy , Lach Lucy , Shaul Randi Zlotnik , Matlow Anne
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study investigates current policies, key issues, and needs for pandemic planning in pediatrics in Canada.

Methods: Online pandemic plans from national, provincial and territorial government websites were reviewed to identify: plans for children and families, and psychosocial and ethical issues. A survey was administered to gather participants' perspectives on the needs in pediatric planning, as well as important elements of their organizations' and regions' pandemic plans. A thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative survey responses.

Results: The majority of existing plans did not adequately address the unique needs of pediatric populations, and mainly focused on medical and policy concerns. Several gaps in plans were identified, including the need for psychosocial supports and ethical decision-making frameworks for children and families. Similarly, survey respondents identified parallel gaps, in their organization's or region's plans.

Conclusions: Although many plans provide guidelines for medical and policy issues in pediatrics, much more work remains in psychosocial and ethical planning. A focus on children and families is needed for pandemic planning in pediatrics to ensure best outcomes for children and families.
Pediatric epidemic crisis: Lessons for policy and practice development
Authors: Nicholas David B. , Gearing Robin E. , Koller Donna , Salter Robyn , Selkirk Enid K.
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This research study addresses health policy and patient care considerations, and outlines policy and practice implications resulting from a crisis in a pediatric setting. This crisis, an epidemic outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), dramatically impacted the delivery of health care in Canada. Despite the passage of time since the last diagnosed case of SARS in April 2004, researchers have warned the global community to be prepared for future outbreaks of SARS or other infectious diseases.

Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 23 participants representing key stakeholder groups: (a) pediatric patients with probable or suspected SARS, (b) their parents, and (c) health care professionals providing direct care to SARS patients. Results: Participants conveyed key areas in which health policy and practice were affected. These included the development of communication strategies for responding to SARS easing vulnerability among all stakeholders; and the rapid development of practice guidelines.

Conclusion: Given the continuing threat of current and future airborne viruses with potential for epidemic spread and devastating outcomes, preparedness strategies are certainly needed. Effective strategies in pediatrics include practices that provide family centered care while minimizing disease transmission. Toward this end, lessons learned from previous outbreaks merit consideration and may inform future epidemics.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Kelas VII Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Aljabar
Authors: Seran Yustinus , Mamoh Oktovianus , Nahak Selestina
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitiaan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VII SMPK St. Yosef Noemuti dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi aljabar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas VII SMPK St. Yosef Noemuti. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yaitu menjelaskan mengenai deskripsi kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis dari sumber data yang telah diamati dan dokumen terkait lainnya kemudian dikaji seringkas mungkin untuk menjawab permasalahan. Subjek yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 siswa, yaitu siswa berkemampuan tinggi, siswa berkemampuan sedang dan siswa berkemampuan rendah. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data primer. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan tes pemahaman konsep, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep pada  materi aljabar untuk siswa kelas VII SMPK St. Yosef Noemuti sebagai berikut: Peresentase menyatakan ulang konsep sebesar 87% dengan kategori baik, peresentase mengklasifikasikan objek sesuai dengan konsepnya sebesar  62% dengan kategori cukup, peresentase member contoh dan non contoh dari konsep sebesar 19% dengan kategori kurang, peresentase menyajikan konsep dalam berbagai bentuk representase matematika sebesar 12% dengan kategori sangat kurang, peresentase menggunakan, memanfaatkan dan  memilih prosedur tertentu sebesar 0% dengan kategori sangat kurang.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Tasifeto Timur Pada Materi Geometri
Authors: Araujo Juanina De , Mamoh Oktovianus , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Tasifeto Timur dengan menerapkan model Problem Based Learning pada materi Geometri. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 2 Tasifeto Timur. Data yang digunakan yaitu data hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dan data hasil observasi disetiap siklus. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes dan instrumen observasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik tes dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data hasil tes dan analisis data hasil pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran matematika dengan model Problem Based Learning. Rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dan persentase ketuntasan kelas dari siklus I hingga siklus III telah melewati standar yang ditentukan yakni rata-rata kelas 59,44 dengan persentase ketuntasan kelas 37,50% pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 73,75 dengan persentase ketuntasan kelas 79,17% pada siklus II dan meningkat menjadi 83,33 dengan persentase 100% pada siklus III. Sedangkan hasil observasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada siklus I rata-rata aktivitas siswa 2,33 kategori cukup.  Pada siklus II rata-rata aktivitas siswa  3,17 kategori baik. Pada siklus III rata-rata aktivitas siswa 3,50 kategori sangat baik.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Memahami Materi Perkalian Studi Kasus Kesulitan Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Wakit Ahmat
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui analisis kesulitan siswa dalam memahami materi perkalian dalam matematika. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan data akan dianalisis secara deskriptif secara detail dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan yang dihadapi siswa dikarenakan proses pembelajaran yang membosankan karena didominasi oleh soal-soal latihan dan kurangnya penjelasan dari guru, selain itu penggunaan media dan metode yang kurang variatif, hanya dengan ceramah yang membuat siswa tidak antusias sehingga sulit menangkap inti materi yang dijelaskan. Selain itu, minimnya peran orang tua dalam mendampingi anak atau siswa belajar di rumah sangat minim dengan membantu anak dengan mereview materi pelajaran yang telah dipelajari di sekolah. Setelah mengidentifikasi ciri atau gejala kemudian menganalisis kesulitannya, maka upaya yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi permasalahan pembelajaran tersebut adalah dengan memilih model pembelajaran yang lengkap dengan media dan metode yang bervariasi sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat dan motivasi siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa titik kesulitan siswa kelas IV SD memahami materi matematika pada konsep dasar perkalian dengan rumus perkalian, siswa mengalami kesulitan pada saat proses perkalian. Sehingga hasil akhirnya juga salah. Oleh karena itu, guru hendaknya memilih metode pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa agar pembelajaran dapat menyenangkan.
Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa SMP Melalui Model Discovery Learning Dan Model Team Assisted Individualization
Authors: Putra Tri Gusti , Ristontowi Ristontowi , Masri Masri
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine whether there are differences in students' ability to understand mathematical concepts taught using the Discovery Learning model, Cooperative Learning Type Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model and the conventional model. This type of research was quasi-experimental. The population in this study was the class VIII SMP Negeri 11 Bengkulu City which consisted of six classes, namely class VIII B, VIII C, VIII D, VIII F, VIII G, and VIII H. Samples in this study were three homogeneous classes from six population classes that were randomly selected, namely class VIII B as the experimental class I which was treated with Discovery Learning model, class VIII C as the experimental class II which was treated with Cooperative Learning Type Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model, and class VIII F as a control class using a conventional model. Based on the results of the research on the ability to understand concepts, shows that there are differences between the Discovery Learning model, the Cooperative Learning Type Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model, and the conventional model. The post-test scores of the students revealed that the Discovery Learning model outperformed the Cooperative Learning Type Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) model and the conventional model.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Berbasis Masalah pada Materi Bilangan Pecahan
Authors: Anggraini Atika , Syofiana Mardiah , Ramadianti Winda
Published: May 2023

Kemampuan penalaran memiliki peran penting dalam tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran, namun danya siswa yang kurang memahami dan menggunakan nalar dengan baik menyebabkan siswa gagal menguasai pokok bahasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa berbasis masalah  dalam meneyelesaikan permasalahan  pada materi bilangan pecahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumennya berupa hasil studi dokumentasi yaitu LKS dengan soal kemampuan penalaran matematis pada saat pembelajaran matematika dan wawancara. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri 7 Kota Bengkulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan siswa dapat  menyelesaikan soal permasalahan kemampuan penalaran dengan kategori sedang, masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang mereka lewatkan sehingga jawaban yang dihasilkan kurang tepat.
Studi Literatur: Identifikasi Kecemasan Matematika dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Prasetyo Freddy , Dasari Dadan
Published: May 2023

Hasil belajar matematika merupakan salah satu tolok ukur untuk melihat sejauh mana tujuan pembelajaran matematika telah tercapai, banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika siswa, diantaranya adalah kecemasan dan motivasi belajar matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu artikel terindeks oleh Sinta atau Scopus, diterbitkan pada rentang waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir (2013-2022), ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, dan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, maupun metode gabungan, yang ditelusuri pada database Garuda dan Google Scholar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana motivasi belajar dan kecemasan matematika mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika siswa. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kecemasan matematika memiliki dampak negatif terhadap hasil belajar matematika, semakin tinggi tingkat kecemasan matematika maka akan semakin rendah hasil belajar siswa, hal ini karena kecemasan matematika menimbulkan rasa gelisah, rasa tidak nyaman ketika belajar, menimbulkan rasa cemas, tegang, dan takut. Sedangkan motivasi belajar memiliki hubungan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar matematika, semakin baik motivasi belajar yang dimiliki siswa maka akan semakin baik hasil belajarnya, hal ini disebabkan motivasi belajar memunculkan kebiasaan belajar yang baik, membuat siswa bersemangat, bergairah dalam belajar dan mendorong rasa ingin tahu, serta mendorong siswa melakukan aktivitas pembelajaran yang optimal.
Analisis Coverability Tree Petri Net Sistem Antrian Loket Pendaftaran Rumah Sakit X Di Kota Kupang
Authors: Haning Farly Oktriany , Lobo Maria , Rahmawati Suci , Sinu Elisabeth Brielin
Published: May 2023

Model petri net dari sistem antrian di loket pendaftaran pasian pada suatu rumah sakit di Kota Kupang telah dikonstruksi. Analisis coverability tree dari petri net tersebut perlu dilakukan untuk melihat apakah sistem yang telah dibangun sesuai dengan kenyataan dan dapat terus berlangsung (liveness) atau dapat terjadi deadlocks. Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukan studi literatur terkait analisis petri net dan pengamatan alur layanan pada loket pendaftaran pasien. Selanjutnya, membentuk petri net dari alur layanan menggunakan bantuan software PIPE.V.4.3.2.0. Kemudian matriks incidence  diperoleh dengan mengurangkan entri pada matriks representasi forward incidence (  ) dengan entri matriks backward incidence ( ) dari petri net. Matriks  digunakan untuk analisis coverability tree dengan menggunakan vektor keadaan awal ( ) sebagai simpul pertama dari tree.  Simpul berikutnya dihasilkan jika terdapat transisi enable yang di-fire. Keadaan awal merupakan vektor keadaan saat belum ada transisi yang di-fire. Dinamika petri net yang terjadi dimodelkan dalam coverability tree. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah tidak terjadi deadlocks pada sistem karena selalu ada transisi yang enable atau dapat di-fire yaitu transisi kedatangan pasien. Pada coverabilty tree yang dihasilkan, keadaan setelah pendaftaran selesai dilakukan sama dengan vektor keadaan awal.
Juridical Analysis of Farmer Group Legal Security According to the Decree of the Malang Regent Number 188.45/22/2/KEP/35.07.013/2019
Authors: Sulistio
Published: May 2023

Farmers have made a real contribution to agricultural development and rural economic development. To realize food sovereignty, “food self-sufficiency and food security in a sustainable manner, farmers as actors of agricultural development need to be given protection”. The idea of forming a group comes from the fact that each individual cannot fulfil their needs individually, as experienced by the less fortunate Panoramic farmer groups, so they need support to develop their socio-economic life. The research was conducted as an effort to prove that the counselling activities provided were able to encourage the group. This study uses a legal sociology approach. This research took place in Pamotan Village, Dampit District, Malang Regency. Primary data was obtained from observation and direct interviews with informants and data analysis using interactive analysis models. The results of the study found that the Malang district government played a role in the development of panoramic farmer groups by providing counselling and training to members of farmer groups; this phenomenon indicates that the government and stakeholders have participated in carrying out their duties based on the provisions of Article 66 of Law Number 19 of 2013 concerning Protection and Empowerment Farmers, by facilitating farming capital, are proven to have legal protection for the Panoramic Farmer Group. They receive assistance from the government in the form of KUR loan assistance for agricultural operations with small interest and also receive assistance in the form of machinery, transportation equipment and building materials to support the quality of the Panorama Farmer Group's farmer production.