bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of the condition subsurface on the post mining period in the Ural region (Degtyarskiy land area)
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, ELOKHINA Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

Objective of the work: to study the state of the territory of Degtyarskiy area during the period of mining postexploitation and to study the methods for assessing and taking into account the current state of this object. Relevance of the topic. The postmining land area is the territory of mining development, including disturbed and under-worked land, where mining production is currently stopped and a certain amount of reclamation activities are implemented. According to numerous Ural’s data, hazardous geological processes are being activated in such land areas, so the Degtyarskiy section has been used as part of the state monitoring of the condition subsurface. The article presents the research methodology implemented over the past 10 years, and discusses the results obtained (as of 2019). Methods of investigation. For assessment of subsoil in Degtyarskiy phase, in addition to the analysis of the prior information, conducted periodic visits to the site from visual observations with photographic documentation, including remote shooting of the territory; bathymetric plots areas of the mine water output (quarry excavation) and dentinho target (Elchevsky pond-sump); serial sampling of water and bottom sediments in the control hydro sections; measurement of the hydrogen index of the aquatic environment at the site; laboratory testing of samples for specific components of specific chemical composition. The results of the work. According to obtained materials, dangerous level of the geochemical, hydro-and geodynamic disequilibrium is recorded at the Degtyarskiy post-exploitation site. It is proposed to continue periodic observations on the site as analog object, uncluding the works of both remode and geochemical nature in the mode at least once every five years. Conclusions. According to the set of indicators, the post-exploitation site is proposed to be classified as a dangerous natural and man-made object, so it is recommended to create registers and passports for all Ural’s postmining sites.
Mathematical model of the road vibrating roller
Authors:   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University, KORCHAGIN Pavel Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The process of compaction of the soil foundation by a road vibrating roller is considered as the object of the study. The main purpose of vibrating rollers used in road construction is to reduce the energy consumption of the compaction process and increase the productivity of the operations performed Since the 80s of the last century, the engineering industry has noted a tendency to abstention the production of static rollers. By reducing the amplitude of oscillations or completely disconnecting the vibrator, you can get the same static modes, and accordingly the results of rolling. In addition, the reduction of dynamic impacts positively affects the physical condition of an operator of the road-building machine, stabilizes the well-being and increases productivity. Materials and methods. The mathematical model of the dynamic system “Supporting surface–roller–operator” is presented. The main components of the dynamic system are described in the form of ordered and interacting subsystems. The forces acting on the dynamic system are determined; they are sources of dynamic effects. The calculation schemes of the subsystems “Operator” and “Roller”, which are of the greatest interest from the point of view of vibration protection, are reflected. Results. The result of the work can be considered the compilation of generalized scheme of the dynamic system; calculation scheme of the dynamic system; mathematical model “Supporting surface–operator–roller”; implementation of the mathematical model in MathLab, its additional Simulink extension package. Discussion and conclusion. The presented mathematical model allows carrying out research of the processes occurring in the dynamic system “Supporting surface–roller–operator”. The most rational mathematical model can be used in the development of methods and tools aimed at improving the vibration protection system for operators of road rollers. The mathematical model of a road roller is planned to be used as a basis for creating a robotic complex with an automated control system designed to perform operations to compact coatings and foundations in road construction.
Environmental geochemistry of the copper slag old dump in the Middle Urals
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, ZOLOTOVA Ekaterina Sergeevna , RYABININ Niktor Fedorovich ,   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: December 2020

Relevance of the work. Wastes from mining and processing industries occupy vast areas and cause serious environmental damage. The research results will contribute to the development of biological reclamation of industrial areas and environmental monitoring. Purpose of the work: study of the geochemical features of soils and plants formed on old slags of the Polevsky copper smelter (Middle Urals). Methods of the study. We laid the plot in the relatively flat section of the base of the steep slope of the dump. Complex samples were taken at equal intervals on the transect and included blocks of technogenic soil along with growing plants. The material of the complex sample was divided into fractions by nature (soil, plants) and by size of fragments of copper smelting slag, dried to air-dry state and weighed. The chemical composition of the samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results. The man-made soil with a thickness of 10–15 cm has formed on the cast copper smelting slag old dump. More than a third of its mass is fine soil (particles less than 1 mm), which is a sorption geochemical barrier. The most elements concentration in fine soil is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than their concentration in slag stone. Lead, cadmium, bismuth are especially effectively delayed. In the fine soil, the strongest excesses of the maximum permissible concentrations for all regulated elements have been established. It has been confirmed that under unlimited supply conditions of elements migration from slag, plant has an upper accumulation threshold. For the aboveground plant parts, the highest values of the biological absorption coefficient were found for selenium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. Conclusions. An environmental assessment of the Polevsky smelter (Middle Urals) old dump was carried out, the geochemical features of the soil and plants were investigated.
Competency-based approach as a basis for controlling the development of innovations in a coal mining enterprise
Authors:   JSC ", SAMARIN Sergey Vital’evich ,   SUEK-Krasnoyarsk"
Published: December 2020

Relevance. To ensure competitiveness in the coal, capital and labor markets, coal mining enterprises need to seek, develop and implement innovations aimed at improving the safety, efficiency and productivity of personnel and production. Existing approaches while working with personnel are aimed at organizing conditions and involving workers in the process of improving production by including responsibility for improving processes, searching for and mastering innovations in their job responsibilities. For the effective implementation of innovative activities, it is required that, when forming the system of management functions for this activity, managers master their relevant competencies. Purpose of work: substantiation of the competency-based approach in controlling the development of innovations in a coal mining enterprise and improvement of the methodology for assessing the conformity of competencies that managers have with the required and performed management functions. Method and methodology of the work. The methods of system and structural-functional analysis, expert assessments were used. Results and scope of their application. The analysis of interpretations of the concept of “competence” is carried out and a definition is formulated, the use of which is advisable in controlling the development of innovations. Scales for assessing the development of competencies and performing management functions, including five levels, are proposed. The main competencies of a manager are the following: competence of responsibility, competence in understanding the goal, competence in understanding the strategy for achieving the goal, competence in determining means of achieving the goal, competence in choosing a control method. The results of assessing the competencies and functions of managers of production departments achieved by controlling the development of innovations at SUEK-Krasnoyarsk, are presented. Conclusions. The use of a competency-based approach in controlling the development of innovations at a coal mining enterprise allows one to purposefully improve the managerial activity of the managerial staff of divisions, and to increase the dynamics of enterprise development.
Topological entanglement properties of disconnected partitions in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Authors: Micallo Tommaso , Vitale Vittorio , Dalmonte Marcello , Fromholz Pierre
Published: December 2020

We study the disconnected entanglement entropy,
S^\mathrm{D}SD,
of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. S^\mathrm{D}SD
is a combination of both connected and disconnected bipartite
entanglement entropies that removes all area and volume law
contributions and is thus only sensitive to the non-local entanglement
stored within the ground state manifold. Using analytical and numerical
computations, we show that S^\mathrm{D}SD
behaves like a topological invariant, i.e., it is quantized to either
00
or 2\log(2)2log(2)
in the topologically trivial and non-trivial phases, respectively. These
results also hold in the presence of symmetry-preserving disorder. At
the second-order phase transition separating the two phases,
S^\mathrm{D}SD
displays a finite-size scaling behavior akin to those of conventional
order parameters, that allows us to compute entanglement critical
exponents. To corroborate the topological origin of the quantized values
of S^\mathrm{D}SD,
we show how the latter remain quantized after applying unitary time
evolution in the form of a quantum quench, a characteristic feature of
topological invariants associated with particle-hole symmetry.
Remotely observed variations of reservoir low concentration chromophoric dissolved organic matter and its response to upstream hydrological and meteorological conditions using Sentinel-2 imagery and Gradient Boosting Regression Tree
Authors: Zhang Zeliang , Zhu Weining , Chen Jiang , Cheng Qian
Published: December 2020

Freshwater lakes are facing increasingly serious water quality problems. Remote sensing techniques are effective tools for monitoring spatiotemporal information of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), a biochemical indicator for water quality. In this study, the Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT) model and Sentinel-2A/B imagery were combined to estimate low CDOM concentrations (0.003 m−1 < aCDOM(440) <1.787 m−1) in Xin'anjiang Reservoir, an important drinking water resource in Zhejiang Province, China, providing the CDOM distributions and dynamics with high spatial (10 m) and temporal (5 day) resolutions. The possible environmental factors that may affect CDOM spatiotemporal patterns and dynamics were analyzed using Sentinel-2 image-observed data in 2018. Results showed that CDOM in the reservoir exhibited a clear increased gradient from its transition and lacustrine zones to the riverine zones, indicating that the rivers carried a substantial load of organic matter to the lake. The precipitation may increase CDOM concentrations but it has a delayed effect, while it may also shortly decrease CDOM concentrations due to the rainwater dilution. We also found that the correlations between CDOM and water temperature, air pressure, and wind speed were very low, indicating that these factors may not have significant impacts on CDOM variations in the reservoir. This study demonstrated that the GBRT model and Sentinel-2 imagery have the potential to accurately monitor CDOM spatiotemporal variations in reservoirs with low CDOM concentrations, which advances our understanding on the relations between the dissolved organic matter and its coupling environmental factors in river-reservoir systems.
Research on water resources dispatch model based on improved genetic algorithm – water resources dispatch model
Authors: Fu Haoran , Li Huahui
Published: December 2020

According to the research on reservoir water resources scheduling and distribution, the aim is to balance the water supply and demand in each period, and consider the total water supply and the annual external water withdrawal of the reservoir in each period as water rights. The decision-making variables are provided for the water supply of the reservoir in this paper, so that water demand of the water-receiving area can be better met to alleviate the water shortage at various stages and realize the effective use of water resources. Moreover, through the constraints of reservoir operation rules and other constraints, a mathematical model is established for optimal operation of water resources in the reservoir system. Meanwhile, optimized genetic algorithms are applied to solve the model according to the characteristics of the model. After simulation tests, compared with the traditional linear binary algorithm used in the reservoir, the improved genetic algorithm studied in the paper improves the accuracy of data calculation and data convergence, which proves that the research results of the paper provide theoretical and practical significance for improving the level of reservoir water resources management and solving the problem of optimal water resources scheduling.
Teachers’ Demographic Factors Influencing Their Attitudes Towards Education of Students with Learning Disabilities in Regular Classrooms in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Lazarus Kelechi Uchemadu
Published: December 2020

The study investigated the level of attitudes towards the education of students with learning disabilities among teachers in regular education classrooms. It also examined the influence of four teachers’ demographic factors on their attitudes towards education of students with learning disabilities in regular classrooms Ibadan, Nigeria. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study whilst the multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted to select the study sample. A total of 125 teachers participated in the study, 64 (51.2%) were males whilst 61 (48.8%) were females. A self-designed questionnaire tagged “Teachers’ Attitude towards Education of Students with Learning Disabilities in Regular Education Classrooms” (TAESLDRECQ) with a reliability of 0. 81 was utilized to collect data. One research question and four hypotheses were generated and tested. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistics were employed to analyze the data generated from the participants at 0.05 level of significance. Whilst the result of the research question reveals a grand mean of 2.59 which is slightly higher than the criterion mean of 2.50, the result from the test of norm showed that 9.6% (n=12) teachers had negative attitude, whilst 90.4% (n=113) teachers had positive attitude. Therefore, it was concluded that there is a positive attitude towards education of students with learning disabilities in regular education classrooms. The results shows that teachers’ attitudes towards education of students with learning disabilities in regular education classrooms based on: gender (Crit-t = 1.96, Cal.t = 1.440, DF = 123; educational qualification (F = 1.630, p(.171)>.05); years of experience (F = 2.329, p(.102)>.05); and category of students taught which could be either junior secondary or senior secondary class (Crit-t = 1.96, Cal.t = .035, DF = 123, p(0.973) towards education of students with learning disabilities in regular education classrooms. Hence, it was concluded that teachers’ attitude towards education of students with learning disabilities is the same irrespective of their gender, educational qualification, years of experience and category of student taught (either junior secondary or senior secondary class). On the basis of these findings, it was recommended that there should be more trainings and in-service professional development programmes such as orientation, workshops, seminars, conferences to allow teachers in regular education classrooms to acquire knowledge, skills and values required for the adequate education of students with learning disabilities in their classrooms.
Evaluation of kidney recipients and donors for transplantation
Authors: Jelić Pranjić Ita , Rački Sanjin , Župan Željko , Sladoje Martinović Branka , Orlić Lidija , Vrdoljak Margeta Tea
Published: December 2020

S obzirom na sve stariju populaciju pacijenata sa završnim stupnjem kronične bubrežne bolesti, a kako bi se na Listu čekanja uvrstilo što više pacijenata za presađivanje bubrega, potrebna je temeljitija i opširna obrada potencijalnih primatelja bubrežnog presatka. Nakon dijagnostičkih postupaka trebalo bi pokušati sa svim dostupnim terapijskim mogućnostima otklanjanja kontraindikacija. Nakon uvrštavanja na Listu čekanja, potencijalne primatelje potrebno je dalje pratiti i isključiti moguće kontraindikacije. U prilog ovome ide činjenica da je posljednjih godina sve manji broj apsolutnih kontraindikacija za presađivanje bubrega. Jednako važna je temeljita obrada potencijalnog darivatelja bubrežnog presatka jer omogućuje i olakšava samu odluku o presađivanju bubrega, kao i pripremu potencijalnog primatelja bubrega za operativni zahvat, odabir imunosupresivne terapije te daljnje postupke prije i nakon presađivanja bubrega. Cilj je što više pacijenata uvrstiti na Listu čekanja prije početka liječenja dijalizom (preemptivno presađivanje bubrega) te omogućiti presađivanje od živog darivatelja, jer dosadašnja istraživanja pokazuju kako se tada postižu najbolji rezultati.
Banff klasifikacija patohistologije bubrežnih presadaka
Authors: Đorđević Gordana , Galešić Ljubanović Danica
Published: December 2020

Do ranih 1990-ih nije postojala standardizirana međunarodna klasifikacija biopsija bubrežnih presadaka. To je rezultiralo značajnom heterogenošću patohistoloških nalaza između različitih centara. Skupina nefropatologa, nefrologa i transplantacijskih kirurga napravila je u Banffu (Alberta, Kanada) 1991. prvi klasifikacijski sustav histoloških promjena u transplantiranom bubregu koji je pružio smjernice za patohistološku i kliničku dijagnozu te omogućio usporedbu između istraživačkih i kliničkih studija za dijagnozu, liječenje i ishod transplantiranih bubrega. Bio je to početak danas općeprihvaćene Banff klasifikacije. Navedeni eksperti nastavili su se sastajati svakih nekoliko godina te su Banff klasifikaciju prilagođavali i mijenjali u skladu s najnovijim spoznajama. Cilj rada je prikazati Banff klasifikaciju bubrežnih presadaka kroz njenu povijest od početaka do posljednjeg izvještaja. Dijagnostička procjena patologije bubrežnih presadaka uvelike je poboljšana, kvantificirana i klinički dokazana, ali mnoga pitanja još treba proučiti. Trenutne preporuke se i dalje klinički vrednuju, a izvještaj o tome i nove teme bit će raspravljeni na jubilarnom sastanku o tridesetoj godišnjici Banff susreta 2021. godine u gradu Banffu iz kojega je klasifikacija i potekla.
Оптические и магнитные свойства трехслойных систем Dy-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Co-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-/Bi/Py
Authors: Косырев Н.Н. , Яковчук В.Ю. , Патрин Г.С. , Комаров В.А. , Волченко Е.Н. , Тарасов И.А.
Published: December 2020

The optical and magneto-optical properties of the DyxCo1-x/Bi/NiFe three-layer systems are presented. The magneto-optical Kerr effect to study the temperature dependence of the magnetization and spectroscopic ellipsometry to obtain optical constants were used. It is shown that the thickness of the bismuth interlayer affects the exchange interaction between the NiFe and DyCo layers, which is manifested in a change of the magnetisation compensation temperature.
Влияние пористости слоя кремния на упругие свойства гибридных подложек SiC/Si
Authors: Корякин А.А. , Еремеев Ю.А. , Осипов А.В. , Кукушкин С.А.
Published: December 2020

In this work, the influence of porosity of silicon layer with macropores on elastic and thermomechanical properties of SiC/Si substrates synthesized by the atom substitution method has been studied. Calculation of elastic constants of porous silicon has been performed by the finite element method. The results of calculation of the Young’s modulus in [111] direction are in agreement with the estimates obtained by the nanoindentation method of SiC/Si(111) substrates. The proposed theoretical model can be used for determination of elastic properties of SiC/Si substrates of different orientation.
Engagement patterns of users and providers: a study of messaging on app usage
in a smartphone app for the treatment of eating disorders (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Jane , Park Jisung , Tregarthen Jenna
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

By offering the ability to immediately communicate with health care providers, digital health apps may significantly bolster the therapeutic relationship. Increasing opportunities of engagement with a digital tool, self-monitoring tools show confer promise in allowing patients to go through periods in between in-clinic visits. Little is known however, regarding the usage of the apps and whether communication between providers and app users in fact encourages usage.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate the users of an app for eating disorders and summarize the characteristics of usage, characteristics of communication (i.e. messages sent and received), and assess whether the degree of communication and the degree of app usage (of the main features of the app precluding provider contact) were related.

METHODS

Users of an app for eating disorders (Tregarthen et al) consented for their de-identified, aggregate level data to be utilized for research. Records of five hundred users were randomly sampled from May 2017 to July 2017. All users in the sampled cohort were linked to a clinician. Raw data included 97,732 observations of meal logs submitted via app across 500 individuals.

RESULTS

Our data demonstrated a high degree of variability across users in their engagement patterns of the app. Receiving more messages on average had a greater effect on usage than sending messages, implying that being checked in on by clinicians may encourage users to engage more with their app. Data also demonstrated that there were multiple phenotypes in terms of preferences regarding communication – while a portion of users seemed to benefit, a large minority did not demonstrate a change in usage based on the frequency of communication.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding usage phenotypes can be instrumental in helping clinician and apps understand who their user is. This work demonstrates that variability among the user population in terms of usage and communication styles, as well as usage and behavior. This information can ultimately be leveraged for guiding effective treatment delivery.
Risk Management Applied to Brazilian Family Agriculture
Authors: Castro Tavares Rafael , Pinheiro Cassia Renata
Published: December 2020

Although hazards exist in all agricultural settings—particularly for the family farmer—uncertainties related to productionplace food security and family subsistence at risk. The objective of thisstudy was therefore to analyze the components of risk managementapplied to family farming. To this end, we performed an exploratorystudy using data from a statistical survey of the 2018 AgriculturalCensus. Our results showed risks that were classified between mediumand high. We observed that 45.8% of producers received retirementfunds, implying they tend to be an older population. As a result,family succession work aimed at strengthening agricultural activitiesthrough technical assistance and rural extension (ATER) are necessary,since 80.1% of properties do not receive specialized guidance. Wealso found that 59% of the producers are not registered with theDeclaration of Aptitude to Pronaf (DAP), which is an instrument usedto access differentiated public programs. In this case, we observedthat 52.2% of credit comes from government programs, with Pronafaccounting for the highest volume of credit (40.2% of resources).Using these data, we find that integrated risk management contributesto the daily activities of the rural producer, promotes the continuousimprovement of the family business, assists in decision-making, andultimately results in a reduction of losses and increases family income.
OIL PRICE SHOCKS AND MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY: A STRUCTURAL VAR APPROACH
Authors: Alenoghena Raymond Osi
Published: December 2020

This study examines the effect of oil price shocks on the macroeconomic performance of the Nigerian economy covering the period from 1980 to 2018. The effect of oil price shocks is investigated on macroeconomic variables like output growth, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate and industrial production index using the structural vector autoregression (SVAR) approach. The results of the investigation reveal that oil price shocks have significantly and negatively affected economic growth and industrial output. Furthermore, while the results show that oil price shocks have a significant positive effect on inflation, the effect is also positive on interest rate and exchange rate, but it is not significant. The results of impulse response function show a negative effect on output growth, it is positive on inflation, but mild and indeterminate on industrial production, interest rate and exchange rate. Based on findings in this study, the Renaissance theory and the Dutch Disease theories of economic growth apply to the Nigerian economy. The policy recommendations include the isolation of the country’s real sector from the vagaries of oil price volatility and the pursue of economic diversification to reduce the over-dependence on oil.
Cognitive test anxiety scale: Propriedades psicométricas no contexto brasileiro
Authors: De Medeiros Emerson Diógenes , Nascimento Da Silva Paulo Gregório , Bezerra De Medeiros Paloma Cavalcante , De Sousa Gisly Macedo , Cabral Nunes Caroline , Nunes Da Fonsêca Patrícia , Barbosa Gomes Ernandes
Published: December 2020

Antecendentes: A ansiedade cognitiva refere-se a preocupações excessivas, antes, durante e depois das avaliações, interferindo no desempenho e ocasionando o fracasso acadêmico, além de estar associada positivamente o com neuroticismo e a depressão. Objetivou: Objetivou-se reunir evidências de qualidade psicométrica da Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale(CTAS) no Brasil. Método: Foram realizados dois estudos: No estudo 1 participaram 210 universitários da cidade de Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil (Medade=21,7; DP=3,73), a maioria cursando Psicologia (60%) e mulheres (58,6%).Responderam a CTAS e questões demográficas. RESULTADOS: A análise fatorial exploratória sugeriu uma solução unidimensional, que explicou 46,94% da variância total dos itens. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pelos indicadores alfa de Cronbach (α) e ômega de McDonald (ω) iguais a 0,92. No Estudo 2, participaram 274 universitários de diferentes regiões brasileiras (Miedad=21,7; DP=3,73), a maioria do estado do Piauí (60%), cursando Psicologia (60,4%). Uma análise fatorial confirmatória apontou indicadores adequados (CFI=0,96; TLI=0,95; RMSEA=0,06). A confiabilidade foi satisfatória: (α) e (ω) iguais a 0,94. Conclusão: Foram encontradas evidências psicométricas para o Brasil, podendo a CTAS serútil para interessados em investigar a temática e seus correlatos. Objetivou: Objetivou-se reunir evidências de qualidade psicométrica da Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale(CTAS) no Brasil. Método: Foram realizados dois estudos: No estudo 1 participaram 210 universitários da cidade de Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil (Medade=21,7; DP=3,73), a maioria cursando Psicologia (60%) e mulheres (58,6%).Responderam a CTAS e questões demográficas. RESULTADOS: A análise fatorial exploratória sugeriu uma solução unidimensional, que explicou 46,94% da variância total dos itens. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pelos indicadores alfa de Cronbach (α) e ômega de McDonald (ω) iguais a 0,92. No Estudo 2, participaram 274 universitários de diferentes regiões brasileiras (Miedad=21,7; DP=3,73), a maioria do estado do Piauí (60%), cursando Psicologia (60,4%). Uma análise fatorial confirmatória apontou indicadores adequados (CFI=0,96; TLI=0,95; RMSEA=0,06). A confiabilidade foi satisfatória: (α) e (ω) iguais a 0,94. Conclusão: Foram encontradas evidências psicométricas para o Brasil, podendo a CTAS serútil para interessados em investigar a temática e seus correlatos.
Há Cada Uma ... O Reveillon está salvo!
Authors: De Carvalho Adolpho
Published: December 2020

Em dezembro de 1968, perto do final do ano, eu, jovem neurocirurgião, vestia apressadamente as roupas brancas (naquele tempo até a meia e o sapato tinham que ser brancos) para assumir o plantão no Hospital Miguel Couto enquanto minha esposa tagarelava sobre o que iríamos fazer na passagem do ano, lembrando que seu primo, médico pediatra em Brasília, e sua esposa queriam ir ao Hotel Copacabana Palace, um dos mais bonitos e mais caros.[...]
Seguem Algumas Histórias que Selecionei
Authors: Menezes Braga Fernando
Published: December 2020

É evidente que alguém, que exerceu a especialidade por 47 anos, tenha centenas de casos, acontecimentos, para contar. Muito deles, já relatei em meus três livros citados.[...]
Um Neurocirurgião Sem as Mãos?
Authors: Rubens Machado Hélio
Published: December 2020

Harvey Cushing (1869 - 1939) foi considerado como “O neurocirurgião” da primeira metade do século XX. Tratase de um pioneiro, com contribuições monumentais para a especialidade, tanto técnicas como filosóficas. Detalhava metodicamente todos seus procedimentos e com clareza descrevia a técnica, que frequentemente ilustrava pessoalmente.[...]
O Conflito das Malvinas e a Neurocirurgia Naval
Authors: De Almeida Moreira Filho Manoel
Published: December 2020

Trata-se de um pequeno arquipélago no Atlântico Sul ocupado e administrado pela Grã-Bretanha desde 1883 e 480 Km distante do litoral argentino. Nossos irmãos argentinos nunca admitiram o domínio britânico. Essa briga histórica gerou a invasão das ilhas em 1982, pelo General Leopoldo Galtieri, presidente da Argentina, passando a administrar a capital das Malvinas, Stanley, em uma conotação política de união nacional para enaltecer o patriotismo e a atuação do governo militar. Acusados de má gestão e de infringir os direitos humanos dos súditos ingleses, a reação foi imediata e a invasão das Malvinas com uma força tarefa da Grã-Bretanha com 28 mil combatentes três vezes maior que seus rivais ocorreu num rápido conflito entre o Reino Unido (apoiado pela OTAN) distante 13 mil Km e a Argentina. Os Estados Unidos apoiaram os ingleses na logística, enquanto o Brasil permaneceu neutro.[...]
O Fenômeno da Consciência
Authors: Marino Jr. Raul
Published: December 2020

Os modernos estudos da Neuroteologia, sobretudo os mais recentes, sobre as experiências de quase-morte (EQM), têm demonstrado que o homem não é apenas seu corpo, não é só matéria. Este se constitui, hoje, num dos temas mais palpitantes da neurofisiologia, da neurofilosofia e da psicofisiologia. Segundo essas disciplinas, o corpo humano seria apenas o continente, o envoltório, no qual estão contidas entidades menos materiais e forças ainda desconhecidas, responsáveis pelos processos vitais que nos animam. Entre elas está incluída nossa consciência, que consiste na totalidade dos nossos elementos mentais, entre os quais o sentido de um “eu materializado”, gerado pela existência de um cérebromente e de um sistema nervoso. Antecipadamente, esclarecemos que não é intenção deste capítulo misturar Medicina e Metafísica. Entretanto, nos dias de hoje, com os inegáveis progressos das neurociências e da neuroteologia, nem sempre isto será possível.[...]
Alguns Casos Mais Ilustrativos que Muito Mexeram com Nossos Sentimentos Médicos
Authors: Marino Junior Raul
Published: December 2020

Vamos agora examinar, entre nossas centenas de casos operados, alguns casos mais ilustrativos e que muito mexeram com nossos sentimentos médicos.[...]
Encanto e Desencanto
Authors: Fiuza Ronald
Published: December 2020

Eu estava deslumbrado! O olhar para aquele prédio enorme, era o de um capiau que sentia orgulho de quem chegou lá. Depois de tanta luta, eu estava afinal, diante do majestoso Klinikum Grosshadern, o hospital da Universidade de Munique. Naquela época, poucos médicos conseguiam bolsas para estudar no exterior. Eu conseguira e ficaria lá por um bom tempo.[...]
Family Business Institutionalization, Governance, and Social Distinction Among Colombia’s Elite Business Families
Authors: Saavedra-Espinosa Mariana
Published: December 2020

While the institutionalization of some of Colombia’s largest family-owned businesses is often explained with reference to the global economic liberalization of the 1990s and the need for smooth intergenerational transference of property and management, this article connects the increasing popularity of these specialized managerial measures to long-standing structures of social hierarchy and group formation in the country. Drawing on twenty months of ethnographic research among members of industrial elite business-owning families, I argue that the increasing prevalence of these measures cannot be fully explained without attention to dynamics of symbolic social distinction in the country. I ground family business governance in its social context by considering it in light of three important forms of distinction: in-group and cosmopolitan connections, conspicuous industriousness and enactment of “modern” values, and the adoption of governance as a form of family lineage.
Analysis capital budgeting investment projects substation 150 kV for tires company
Authors: Setyawan Andi , Hasbullah Hasbullah
Published: December 2020

The electricity consumption continues to increase, including in Indonesia, where the average electricity consumption rises 6.86% per year. In line with the ever-increasing production needs of companies needing more electrical energy during these electrical disturbances often occur due to power shortage. Therefore, the company proposes the investment of the construction of substations 150kv Expected to improve the reliability of electrical energy supply. This research conducted to analyze the value of investment carried by tire companies using historical data and company forecasts using the technical method of economics to analyze its finances. Based on the calculation result with the Payback period (PP) and Discounted Payback Period generates 5.35 years and 6.24 years.  Meanwhile, in the calculation of net present value (NPV) obtained favorable results in the 6th year of Rp 40,944,770,640.32, using an interest rate of 5%. In the calculation of the internal rate of return (IRR), the result of 5.5% concluded that the project return is higher than the minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) of the company by 5.17% of the Bank Indonesia interest rate. Then based on the sensitivity analysis gained that the lower the interest rate on this project, then the faster the return on the investment, and vice versa. The overall analysis of the scenario stated that the investment is worthy of running because it brings profit directly to the company.
Usulan perbaikan sistem kerja express maintenance berdasarkan Kaizen dan simulasi ProModel pada PT Setiajaya Mobilindo Cibubur
Authors: Nurfikri Lukman , Nurhidayat Asep Endih , Suharmanto Puji
Published: December 2020

PT Setiajaya Mobilindo Cibubur is an authorized Toyota dealer, in the service division there is Express Maintenance. Express Maintenance (EM) is a special work system for vehicle periodic service maintenance without complaints with a periodic service process for 40 minutes. But in reality there is a problem with the service process time of more than 40 minutes, this is caused by repeated service processes, there are still customer complaints at SPK EM and additional work or part estimates that cause the service lead time to be more than the standard, which is one hour. This study aims to reduce the time of the EM service process to be faster by making suggestions for improvements to the SOP of the EM periodic service process and a ProModel simulation is made to determine the difference between the simulation before and after the repair. On this basis, researchers used kaizen and ProModel. After measuring the standard time before periodic service repairs for 45.6 minutes, repairs are carried out such as kaizen plans by identifying problems using the fishbone, the periodic service process time is not 40 minutes and the corrective steps are given using 5W+1H. Do kaizen implementation based on the plan in the form of periodic service improvement proposals in EM, check sheets and checklists. Check kaizen by measuring the standard time after repair, which is 30.5 minutes. Actions in the form of preventive measures and control tools so that problems do not arise. The result shows that the standard time becomes 30.5 minutes after repair, there is a difference of 10 minutes or 33% from the condition before repair. In addition, the total entries in the ProModel simulation have increased from 209 to 331 units or the EM production capacity has increased by five units/day.
Modelo de educación a distancia para la enseñanza de la Ingeniería Agronómica en Costa Rica
Authors: Peña-Cordero Wagner , Montero-Jara Karla , Zúñiga-Orozco Andrés , Mora-Jiménez Adriana , Oreamuno-Fonseca Patricia , Morales-Córdoba Priscilla , Rey-Corrales Alfonso , Córdoba-Cubillo Marco , Brenes-Rojas Paola
Published: December 2020

La enseñanza en las ciencias suele ser sistemática, actualmente constructivista y, en ocasiones, hasta en cierta forma pragmática. Para ser más objetivos, los modelos de las enseñanzas en las ciencias cada vez se integran más, no escapa a esta condición la agronomía. En Costa Rica, la educación en Ingeniería Agronómica o en las Ciencias Agropecuarias se ve representada mayoritariamente en las universidades públicas, su modelo es "presencial" y se justifica por la naturaleza práctica en el aprendizaje, pero su forma de enfocar el sector difiere entre ellas. La enseñanza de esta disciplina bajo el modelo de "Educación a distancia" también toma en cuenta los fundamentos teóricos de la agronomía en el país, pero utiliza diferentes herramientas tecnológicas para lograr sus objetivos de aprendizaje. El profesorado llega a desarrollar habilidades y destrezas, tantas como el mismo estudiantado que aprende de este. Como estrategia del modelo educativo, la carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica enseña con un enfoque de agricultura ampliada, el cual es competitivo, equitativo y sostenible, es una participación más activa; también busca la implementación de buenas prácticas educativas, a través de métodos socráticos que promuevan el pensamiento independiente y crítico. El modelo a distancia en Ingeniería Agronómica no significa un aprendizaje solo en línea, implica también la presencialidad y práctica de campo, cada docente es mediador/a de los aprendizajes y cada estudiante responsable de sus avances, además de que hay mayor coordinación y compromiso en todas las actividades académicas durante su formación profesional.
G Protein-Coupled Purinergic P2Y Receptor Oligomerization: Pharmacological Changes and Dynamic Regulation
Authors: Guo Xiaoqing , Li Qin , Pi Shulan , Hu Bo , Xia Yuanpeng , Mao Ling
Published: December 2020

P2Y receptors (P2YRs), a δ group of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled
receptors (GPCRs), have many essential functions in physiology and
pathology, such as platelet aggregation, immune responses,
neuroprotective effects, inflammation, and cellular proliferation; thus,
they are among the most researched therapeutic targets for use in the
clinical treatment of diseases (e.g., clopidogrel, an antithrombotic
drug, and Prolacria, a treatment for dry eye). Over the past two
decades, GPCRs have been revealed to transmit signals as dimers to
increase the diversity of signalling pathways or pharmacological
activities. Many studies have frequently confirmed dimerization between
P2YRs and other GPCRs due to their functions in cardiovascular and
cerebrovascular processes in vivo and in vitro. Recently, some P2YR
dimers that dynamically balance physiological functions in the body were
shown to be involved in effective signal transduction and exert
pathological pharmacological effects. In this review, we summarize the
types, pharmacological changes, and active regulators of P2YR-related
dimerization. In summary, our review delineates that P2YR-related dimers
have new functions and pharmacological activities and maybe a novel
direction to improve the effectiveness of medications such as thrombotic
events associated with COVID-19.
Ureteral Wall Thickness is an Independent Parameter Affecting the Success of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Treatment in Ureteral Stones above the Iliac Crest
Authors: Bulbul Emre , Ilki Fahri Yavuz , Gultekin Mehmet Hamza , Erozenci Ahmet , Tutar Onur , Citgez Sinharib , Tansu Nejat , Onal Bulent
Published: December 2020

Background: To investigate the relationship between ureteral wall
thickness (UWT) and other variables of patients who underwent
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in the primary treatment of
the ureteral stone above the iliac crest level. Material and methods: A
total of 147 patients aged 18 years and older, who underwent SWL in our
clinic between December 2016 and December 2019 for the treatment of
ureteral stones above the iliac crest level and had a
non-contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (NCCT) scans before
the procedure were included in the clinical study. The results were
evaluated at three months after SWL. The absence of residual fragments
was considered as stone-free status, and the existence of any size
residual fragment was considered as treatment failure. Results: In our
study, the mean age of the patients was 42.4 ± 12.8 years, and the
stone-free rate was 92.5%. The median transverse stone size was 7.5 mm
(min 2.8 - max 15), and the median UWT was 4.2 mm (1 - 8.7). In the
multivariate analysis, UWT (p = 0.002) and multiple stone presence (p =
0.027) were found to be independent factors affecting stone-free status.
In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the
optimal threshold value for UWT was determined as 5.25 mm. Conclusions:
We found that UWT was the most important independent variable associated
with increased failure in SWL treatment. The presence of multiple stones
was another independent factor that increased failure rates. Using SWL
technology through experience accumulated with the mechanical hardware
of the machine, we can select patients who are more suitable for this
treatment and improve treatment outcomes.
The European Union and Violence Against Women: Fundamental Rights and Con Games
Authors:   Kalamazoo College, USA, Elman R Amy
Published: December 2020

Deciphering the European Union’s (EU) commitment to countering violence against women is challenging. To date, much of its response has been rhetorical. This article opens with a brief consideration of the EU’s first few initiatives to counter violence against women before turning to the polity’s enthusiastic endorsement of the Council of Europe’s 2011 Istanbul Convention, which defines such violence as a human rights violation. Not least, it offers a critical analysis of the EU’s Fundamental Rights Agency’s 2014 survey on violence against women, the world’s largest international survey of its kind. That inquiry involved 42,000 in-person interviews with a representative sample of approximately 1,500 women (aged 18-74) across all of the EU’s then 28 Member States. After examining the Agency’s survey and its subsequent report in the context of those efforts that preceded it, the article suggests the EU’s rhetoric and related programs for women may conceal the more controversial manifestations of the violence directed at them. For example, the Agency’s survey excluded female genital mutilation from the rubric of violence against women. One finds a similar reluctance on the part of the Agency and other institutional actors across the EU to address the eroticized commodification of violence in prostitution and pornography that pervade the polity’s common market. Despite the EU’s occasional pronouncements to the contrary, it appears violence against women is a human rights violation that the polity deliberately circumscribes and perfunctorily condemns.
Evig aktivisme i uendelig krig: sikkerhed, status og strategisk kultur i dansk udenrigspolitik
Authors: Wivel Anders
Published: December 2020

Danmark har i årene siden den kolde krigs afslutning udviklet sig til at være en permanent krigsførende nation. Den militære aktivisme er karakteriseret ved meget forskellige typer af engagementer, både hvad angår antallet af udsendte og deres mandat, indlejring i forskellige internationale organisationer og koalitioner, og udsendelser til forskellige dele af verden. Den danske vilje til aktivt at fastholde en status som bidragende og konstruktiv allieret gennem deltagelse i internationale operationer er drevet af en opfattelse af USA som afgørende for Danmarks nationale sikkerhed og understøttet af en aktivistisk og pragmatisk strategisk kultur. Den militære aktivisme er på den baggrund robust. Samtidig er der tegn på forandring i finansiering, geografisk fokus og valg af samarbejdspartnere.
Abstract in EnglishConstant Activism in a War with No End: Security, Status and Strategic Culture in Danish Foreign PolicyDanish foreign policy is militarily activist. Danish military activism is characterized by very different types of engagements and deployments regarding the number of troops and their legal mandate, political aims, institutional frameworks and geographical focus. The continuing Danish will to actively maintain its status as a contributing and constructive ally through participation in international military operations is driven by a perception of the United States as crucial to Denmark’s national security and supported by an activist and pragmatic strategic culture. For these reasons, Danish military activism is robust, despite indications of change in financing, geographical focus and choice of partners.
Study of Serum Electrolyte Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Siddiqui A. M. , Choudhary Swati K.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly with interference in electrolytes sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly rising all over the globe at an alarming rate. Objective: Study of serum electrolyte levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Material and methods: Total of 100 subjects were included in the study, out of which two groups were formed; 50 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 controls. Centrifuged serum was analyzed for estimation of Na+, K+ and Cl- level by the Accustar auto analyzer. Results: In type 2 diabetes mellitus serum Na+ level was observed significantly decreased while Cl- and K+ levels were increased. Both the electrolytes (Na+ Cl-) differ significantly in diabetes and control group. Conclusion: Electrolyte metabolism is disturbed in type 2 diabetes mellitus and proper glycemic control and evaluation of electrolyte levels can reduce the fatalities associated with electrolyte derangement in type 2 diabetes mellitus.