bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As Humanidades para uma Universidade com Valores
Authors: Melo António Maria Martins
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the presence of the Humanities in the contemporary era and the implications of today’s new materialities for their study. The text begins by approaching the meaning of Humanities starting from the importance of the use of the word in the context of communication in society; it then moves on to a reflection on the importance of the university as a bridge between humanities and values. The Author concludes by stating that the humanities are the great challenge to the laws of the market.
Characteristics of traditional Japanese Aesthetics from the View of Orient Classical Aesthetics
Authors: Hoang Thi My Nhi
Published: January 2022

Japanese aesthetics was formed very early, and had absorbed classical Oriental thought with its own speciality. Since ancient times, aesthetic concepts had appeared and always played an important role in shaping the Japanese artists’ style of composition and Japanese cultural life, and particularly flourished in Heian period. These aesthetics norms had paved the way for the later development of a unique and rich Japanese aesthetic system. The paper aims to clarify the role of Oriental philosophy, religion and ideology, as well as the ingenious continuation of the Japanese in forming a unique aesthetics of the nation. Besides, the article analyzes the characteristics of beauty such as deficiencies and emotional suppression, intimacy and lofty, sacred and worldly, and fragile fate. Based on those analyses, the paper explains the relationships between Japanese aesthetics and other typical aesthetics such as China and India. The research results will be the theoretical basis contributing to deciphering the characteristics of Japanese culture viewing from a traditional perspective.
Developing coastal tourism in Ben Tre province based on Green economy model
Authors: Le Van Tan , Chung Le Khang
Published: January 2022

In this article, the authors based on the theory of the Green Economy model to provide an overview of resources and the current situation of coastal tourism development in Ben Tre province. The strengths can be mentioned such as climate, topography, mangrove ecosystem. Besides, there are also limitations on the quality of beaches and underground water sources. From there, the author gives orientation to build coastal tourism products in 03 groups: coastal eco-tourism; tourism to study marine culture and cultural - historical relics associated with the sea; Sea tourism - entertainment in line with the Green trend of the world.
Vaccine nationalism and problems posed to international relations in the context of the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Ta Thi Nguyet Trang , Pham Chien Thang
Published: January 2022

To evaluate the actions of countries around the world during pandemics, many researchers have reviewed their responses concerning international relations in previous pandemics. When commitments for international cooperation are not fulfilled, most leaders focus on health care for their own people instead of trying to slow the spread of the virus in other regions of the world. This idea, known as Vaccine Nationalism, will have unpredictable global consequences. In order to evaluate the problems that resulted from the idea, the paper will make an analysis based on conceptual factors, viewpoints of power, and the role of nations.
La secuencia didáctica de escritura como estrategia pedagógica para la mejora progresiva de la redacción y el fomento de la cohesión grupal
Authors: Del Río-Fernández José Luis
Published: January 2022

En el artículo se describe una experiencia de aprendizaje llevada a cabo en la Universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE) consistente en aplicar la secuencia didáctica de escritura en el marco de la asignatura Lectura y Escritura de Textos Académicos I con un doble propósito: por un lado, procurar la mejora progresiva de las competencias básicas del alumnado en el campo de la comunicación escrita; y, por otro, intentar fomentar la cohesión grupal gracias al análisis de unos autorretratos anónimos que sirvieron como pretexto para ejecutar los correspondientes ejercicios de redacción. El trabajo se desarrolla desde los parámetros de la investigación-acción y tiene un enfoque narrativo-interpretativo. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto la importancia de atender las relaciones personales en cualquier contexto educativo —incluido el universitario—y plantea la necesidad de proponer actividades académicas dirigidas no solo a la adquisición de conocimientos teóricos, sino también a la formación integral y humana.
Percepciones de estudiantes sobre compromiso académico y clima del aula. Tendencias pasadas, presentes y futuras sobre una educación superior en transición
Authors: Yamila Rigo Daiana
Published: January 2022

El artículo presenta dos estudios, uno desarrollado en el año 2019 y otro en el 2020, que tuvieron como objetivo general describir la percepción de estudiantes de nivel superior de educación sobre el clima de clase -presencial y virtual- y el compromiso académico antes y durante la pandemia. En total participaron 211 estudiantes argentinos, 102 del primer estudio con una edad media de 20,55 años (SD= 3,7), y 109 del segundo estudio, con un promedio de 22,3 años (SD=4,1). La investigación se desarrolló bajo una metodología mixta, utilizando para la recolección de datos tres instrumentos, dos estandarizados, para valorar clima de la clase y compromiso académico, y el otro de preguntas abiertas. Los resultados encontrados, en términos generales, mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la comparación por año, especialmente en todas las dimensiones del compromiso académico y del clima del aula, a excepción de equipamiento, a favor de la educación en pandemia. Asimismo, dan cuenta de la importancia de expandir los contextos educativos, promover la agencia y repensar la evaluación. Concluyendo sobre la importancia de pensar una educación en transición que valore aspectos positivos de la presencialidad y la virtualidad.
La alfabetización inicial con niños y niñas de 5 a 6 años. Aspectos clave para la formación inicial docente
Authors: Santolària Òrrios Alicia
Published: January 2022

Se analiza una sesión de aula con niños y niñas de entre 5 y 6 años donde se promueven aprendizajes de aspectos comunicativos de la escritura (para qué se escribe, para quién, donde, etc.). Se entiende la alfabetización inicial como un proceso complejo que trasciende la mera técnica gráfica y se propone estudiar la producción textual como un producto sofisticado. Para ello, se diseña una secuencia didáctica en el marco de un proyecto que se implementa en aula, con lo que se obtienen grabaciones de audio que son transcritas posteriormente. Los resultados muestran, a partir del análisis de categorías emergentes, que los niños acceden a los saberes lingüísticos promovidos gracias a que la actividad alfabetizadora se desarrolla en el marco sociocontructivista, centrado en la actividad dialógica. Para concluir, se exponen los principales hallazgos y se discuten a la luz de otras investigaciones. Asimismo, se consideran las implicaciones de la investigación para la didáctica de la lengua escrita en los primeros cursos escolares.
Evaluation of Stripping Problem in Terms of Additive Types and Ratios in Asphalt Pavements
Authors: ŞENGÜL Celaleddin Ensar , AKSOY Atakan , İSKENDER Erol
Published: January 2022

Stripping in asphalt mixtures is the one of foremost distress mechanisms. To prevent stripping, fatty acids (AS) and hydrated lime (HL) additives are often used as anti-stripping additives. The determination of the correct usage ratios of these additives and the storage stability of bitumen constitutes important research topics for anti-stripping additive applications. Three surfactants and hydrated lime were used in three ratios to evaluate the effect of additive ratio and type. Indirect tensile strength (ITS) values obtained from samples with one and three cycle modified Lottman conditioning and indirect tensile strength ratios (ITSRs) were interpreted in the context of water damage. The load-carrying capacity of the conditioned mixtures increased significantly. Even if the degree of damage was considerably increased at the end of three cycles, the integrity of the mixtures was maintained. Both AS and HL significantly increased water damage resistance. Modified Lottman conditioning has an observable level of damage. Additives remained functional and maintain their mechanisms of benefit, especially in the event of a high degree of damage.
Perceptions of a Vegetarian Diet Among Students
Authors: Janžič Barbara , Bukovac Vesna , Skalicky Marjan , Kraner-Šumenjak Tadeja
Published: January 2022

A vegetarian diet may include many meat substitutes, which can mimic the taste of meat. These products can mislead or deceive many omnivorous people. The aim of the study was to find out whether the students, who were the participants, would be able to differentiate between the origins of the products (meat, vegetarian and vegan), and which types of products they would like the most, judging by taste and appearance. In separating between the origins of products, they were wrong in only one of five products (vegetarian product). The results of the sensory evaluation indicated that all samples except the vegan smoked sample were positively accepted by the students. The sensory evaluation results indicate that the students positively accepted all products except the vegan smoked sample. Therefore, the current study demonstrated that meat substitutes could be an effective way for consumers to lower their meat consumption without compromising too much of the sensory quality.
Birth order, suckling behaviour and growth in piglets: a case study of the extreme delay in birth of two surviving piglets
Authors: Lončarič Ana , Prevolnik Povše Maja , Skok Janko , Škorjanc Dejan
Published: January 2022

In pigs, higher birth order is associated with higher mortality rate, with abnormal delays in birth as a rule result in a prenatal death. Here we present a case study of an extreme delay in birth of two surviving piglets (delayed piglets) which were born 15 h after the beginning of parturition and 12 h after the last piglet of the main episode of the parturition (n=12) was born. The rest of the observed litter was divided into early born (n=6, born within 80 min) and late born piglets (n=6, born within the next 80 min from the beginning of parturition). Suckling behaviour, survival and growth performance of piglets were studied in relation to birth order whereby special attention was given to the delayed piglets. In general, suckling stability tended to decrease with birth order with the delayed piglets having completely unstable suckling. In the first suckling, piglets predominantly chose posterior teats, but later, when suckling order was established, early born piglets preferentially sucked on the front half and the late born piglets on the back half of the udder. The delayed piglets suckled on the middle teats immediately after birth, but later they chose preferential teats on different parts of udder (2nd and 6th teat pair). Growth performance of delayed piglets was lower, although not significantly (probably due to small sample size), compared to the late and especially to the early born group. Despite an extraordinarily long delay in birth, there was no clear association with the suckling order and its stability, the birth/body weight and daily gain. However, survival of piglets after that long delay in birth itself represents an extraordinary phenomenon that we cannot explain.
Morphological classification of patients with sleep obstructive disturbances
Authors: Mrowicka Blanka , Kosińska Magdalena , Cofta Szczepan
Published: January 2022

It has been suggested that enlarged values of morphological measurements manifesting obesity intensify the risk of sleep disturbances. The main goal of this work was to find a set of predictor morphometric variables that best distinguish between the mutually exclusive groups of interest, the well and the ill – i.e., those who suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome, and healthy patients. Somatic measurements of 96 males were taken. To analyze the dependencies between the degree of intensity of the studied pathology (oxygen desaturation index) and the values of the somatic measurements, the discriminant function analysis was applied. The use of this method allowed obtaining a set of sleep obstructive disturbance predictors. The correctness of classification into the group of healthy individuals was estimated at 81.4%, while correctness of classification into the group of OSA was estimated at 91.3%. The results showed that somatic measurements could be used as a preliminary index of individuals requiring further examination.
THEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN ISLAMIC MYSTICISM AND GNOSTICISM
Authors: Jafari Fereshteh
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the similarities between the Gnostic and Islamic mystic beliefs about “Knowledge” (Ma‘refat) will be considered. The aim is to answer the question of whether they share a common view of divine knowledge. For this purpose, first Gnosticism and its ideas will be clarified. Second, a brief history of Islamic Mysticism will be presented. Then, in light of the evolution path of such beliefs, the main principles of both cults about the Gnosis and Mysticism will be reconsidered. The methodology of this study is based on a comparative study, by analyzing Islamic mystical books and Gnostic texts. Through the study of mystical books, the traditions and beliefs of the early mystics, in this case, are stated, and some examples from the Gnostic books about the Gnosis and mystical knowledge are mentioned. The comparative study of these two religions revealed that they have many similarities in points of view to “knowledge”. Similarities between Islamic mysticism and Gnosticism are so much that some believe that the theory of divine knowledge in the minds of Muslim Sufis originates from Gnostic ideas. But this claim cannot be completely true and the Gnostic beliefs have only had influences on it.
Relationship of Adolescent Reproductive Health Knowledge With Self Adjustments In Puberty Among Boys
Authors: KESWARA NILA WIDYA , Sulistyah Sulistyah
Published: January 2022

Puberty is a process of biological changes that include morphology and physiology that occur very rapidly from childhood to adulthood. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adolescent reproductive health knowledge and self-adjustment in puberty among boys at the Marsudisiwi SDK, Malang. An analytical research method was conduct in this research, with a cross sectional approach. Total Sampling technique was use to get 70 samples. Questionnaire instrument with an ordinal scale was used as instrument to drawn data from respondent. Spearman Rank correlation test show  p-value value is 0.236. Because the value is 0.236 > 0.05, it can be concluded that H1 is rejected. There is no relationship between knowledge about adolescent reproductive health and adjustment to puberty. The results of this study can be used as a reference for researching with the same variable targeting respondents at a more mature age level (adolescents) related to reproductive health and puberty in boys.
TINDAKAN PENGANCAMAN WAJAH DAN STRATEGI KESOPANAN PADA KOMUNIKASI MASYARAKAT DI SINGARAJA-BALI
Authors: Widiadnya Putri I Gusti Ayu Vina , Nurita Wayan
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted to determine Face-threatening Act and the politeness strategies used by the community in daily communication. There is another intention or meaning behind the speaker's speech.. Therefore, pragmatic studies can determine and analyze this language study. The politeness strategy is a pragmatic study conducted to respect the interlocutor in communication. Face threatening is an act that threatens a person's face. Any face threatening that occurs regularly in daily interactions is often proposed and justified by politeness. Data in this study are the interaction of the Singaraja community. Data in this interaction are collected and analyzed qualitatively based on a theory proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987) about Face-threatening Act which is often abbreviated as FTA. Based on the results of data analysis shows that there are two types of face threatening act found, namely: Positive Face-threatening Act and Negative Face-threatening Act. In carrying out, four politeness strategies were found in social interaction, namely; First, do the FTA directly (on record); Second, do the FTA indirectly (off record); Third, use a positive politeness strategy, and Fourth use a negative politeness strategy.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BREYNIA DISTICHA AND VERNONIA ELAEAGNIFOLIA
Authors:   Saad Touqeer, Abid Sulayman
Published: January 2022

The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemistry and to determine the antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of the two plants namely, Breyniadistichaand Vernoniaelaeagnifolia. Antimicrobial activity was determined using disk diffusion method whereas antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH assay. Antimicrobial activity was absent in B. disticha whereas V. elaeagnifolia possessed antibacterial activity against P. mirabilis (9.0Â±0.2 mm) and antifungal activity against S. cerevisae(8.0Â±0.1 mm). Both plants possessed significant antioxidant activities (more than 90% scavenging) comparable to the standard drug BHT. The study proves that both plants have high medicinal value.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDIES AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROFILE OF MELISSA PARVIFLORA BENTH.
Authors:   Aruna Dubey, Singh Bora Kundan
Published: January 2022

Melissa parviflora (family: Lamiaceae) has beentraditionally used as a tranquillizer, relaxants, nervine and sleeping aids throughout the world. The plant is widely valued for its calming properties and has a tonic effect on the heart but no work has ever been carried out for standardizing this potential plant. The present study was designed to establish macroscopic and microscopic determinations, and physico-chemical parameters for Melissa parviflorastem.
Transferência de embriões equinos: o efeito do processamento de sêmen e do manejo da égua do doador nas taxas de recuperação
Authors: Correia S.C. , Pereira R.M.L.N. , Carolino N. , Avila O. , Duarte S.C.
Published: January 2022

A transferência de embriões (ET) é uma biotecnologia que permite obter mais de um potro de uma única égua durante uma temporada de empanar e também impedir a remoção de éguas de suas carreiras na competição. No entanto, para alcançar um resultado bem-sucedido, deve-se considerar a associação de muitos fatores, como a gestão de éguas doadoras e receptoras, os garanhões e a experiência do veterinário. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar (1) se algumas das características relacionadas às éguas doadoras (por exemplo, raça e estado reprodutivo, podem influenciar a recuperação do embrião; (2) se diferentes locais de éguas doadoras podem ter impacto em programas de reprodução; (3) o efeito de algumas técnicas reprodutivas e metodologias de transferência de embriões. Para isso, foram realizadas 156 descargas uterinas e 88 transferências de embriões. Maiores taxas de recuperação de embriões no dia 8 (61,5%) e uma taxa global de gravidez de 62,2% foram obtidas. Influência do mês do ano (P=0,04) e do tipo de sêmen (fresco ou congelado; P=0,03) no número de coletas positivas de embriões foram identificadas. O uso de sêmen fresco para inseminação e recuperação de éguas doadoras no dia 8 aumentou o número de embriões coletados nesse período, embora resultados mais baixos tenham sido obtidos em julho-agosto. Não foram observados outros efeitos significativos sobre os demais determinantes em teste, embora os garanhões tenham sido responsáveis por induzir 11% da variabilidade dentro das taxas de recuperação de embriões. Esses resultados devem ser considerados em centros de transferência de embriões de égua.
Manifestations of Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Risk in the Blood: A Cross-Sectional Multi-Omic Analysis in Healthy Adults Aged 18-90+
Authors: Heath Laura , Earls John , Magis Andrew , Kornilov Sergey , Lovejoy Jennifer , Funk Cory , Rappaport Noa , Logsdon Benjamin , Mangravite Lara , Kunkle Brian , Martin Eden , Naj Adam , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer , Golde Todd , Hood Leroy , Price Nathan
Published: January 2022

Background

Genetics play an important role in late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) etiology and dozens of genetic variants have been implicated in AD risk through large-scale GWAS meta-analyses. However, the precise mechanistic effects of most of these variants have yet to be determined. Deeply phenotyped cohort data can reveal physiological changes associated with genetic risk for AD across an age spectrum that may provide clues to the biology of the disease.
Methods

We utilized over 2000 high-quality quantitative measurements obtained from blood of 2831 cognitively normal adult clients of a consumer-based scientific wellness company, each with CLIA-certified whole-genome sequencing data. Measurements included: clinical laboratory blood tests, targeted chip-based proteomics, and metabolomics. We performed a phenome-wide association study utilizing this diverse blood marker data and 25 known AD genetic variants, adjusting for sex, age, vendor (for clinical labs), and the first four genetic principal components; sex-SNP interactions were also assessed.
Results

We observed statistically significant SNP-analyte associations for five genetic variants after correction for multiple testing (for SNPs in or near NYAP1, ABCA7, INPP5D, and APOE), with effects detectable from early adulthood. The ABCA7 SNP and the APOE2 and APOE4 encoding alleles were associated with lipid variability, as seen in previous studies; in addition, six novel proteins were associated with the e2 allele. The most statistically significant finding was between the NYAP1 variant and PILRA and PILRB protein levels, supporting previous functional genomic studies in the identification of a putative causal variant within the PILRA gene. Sex modified the effects of four genetic variants, with multiple interrelated immune-modulating effects associated with the PICALM variant. In post-hoc analysis, sex-stratified GWAS results from an independent AD case-control meta-analysis supported sex-specific disease effects of the PICALM variant, highlighting the importance of sex as a biological variable.
Conclusions

Known AD genetic variation influenced lipid metabolism and immune response systems in a population of non-AD individuals, with associations observed from early adulthood onward. Further research is needed to determine whether and how these effects are implicated in early-stage biological pathways to AD. These analyses aim to complement ongoing work on the functional interpretation of AD-associated genetic variants.
The chronic effects of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10 and PM1) on the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in LMICs: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chai Guorong , Guo Juanmei , Song Xuping , Li Zhihong , Hui Xu , Feng Xiaowen , Yang Kehu
Published: January 2022

Background

Particulate matter (PM) pollution and various air pollutants have been most strongly linked to adverse health effects. Combined estimates of the health effects of particulate matter exposure from quantitative assessments is important, but the evidence of the association in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains unclear. This study is the first to focus on the particulate matter pollution in LMICs and include the effects of low-particle size matter such as PM1.
Methods

We systematically searched Pubmed, Web of Science and Embase from database inception to 11 Apirl 2021. Two investigators independently sifted through the literature and extracted data to identify eligible studies. We included cohort studies and case-control studies studied health effects of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 on cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality. Random effects meta-analysis were conducted.
Results

We included 38 publications on long-term PM exposure in our systematic review after screening 1977 articles.The most majority uses the cohort study design (n=35), with 3 articles use a case-control study design. The results shows that PM2.5 and PM10 was positively associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases at increased levels. (1) Increased PM1 concentrations were associated with cardiovascular diseases for male. (2) With per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentrations, cardiovascular mortality was increased by 13% (95% CI: 1.08, 1.19), respiratory mortality was increased by 10% (95% CI: 1.02, 1.18). (3) The cardiovascular mortality was increased by 17% (95% CI: 1.00, 1.37) per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM10, respiratory mortality was increased by 28% (95% CI: 1.10, 1.49).
Conclusion

PM exposure have adverse effects on both the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in LMICs.. On the basis of previous studies, this study added the impact of PM1 on health, which is innovative. The development of new Air Quality Guilelines may have a positive impact on health of population in LMICs.
Unravelling Competing Oxidation Mechanisms in Single Cu Nanoparticles
Authors: Nilsson Sara , Nielsen Monia , Fritzsche Joachim , Langhammer Christoph , Kadkhodazadeh Shima
Published: January 2022

Metals are prone to oxidation, which often results in significant changes to optical, electronic, chemical and mechanical properties in bulk systems. Nanoparticles are no exception in this respect but a holistic understanding of the mechanisms governing their oxidation is lacking. Here, we capture in situ the oxidation of single Cu nanoparticles to unravel a sequential competitive activation of different oxidation mechanisms at temperatures between 50 and 200°C. Using environmental scanning transmission electron microscopy, we reveal the morphological evolution of oxide formation in detail and identify the formation of multiple oxide layers separated by a vacancy gap. Moreover, using in situ electron energy-loss spectroscopy, we map the plasmonic response of individual particles induced by oxidation, and reveal generic geometrical pathways for nanoscale Kirkendall void nucleation and growth that are driven by surface energy minimization. Based on these insights, we uncover the mechanistic pathway of Cu nanoparticle oxidation.
Study on the effect of intestinal immunity that the neonatal piglet co-infection with porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
Authors: Liang Jixiang , Li Yang , Yan Zhishan , Jiao Zhe , Peng Dapeng , Zhang Wanpo
Published: January 2022

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) have been often simultaneously detected in coronavirus diarrhea piglets. But the intestinal immune of the interaction between the co-circulating PDCoV and PEDV are unknown. Therefore, the study was conducted to investigate intestinal immunity of neonatal piglets that were exposed with PDCoV first and then PEDV subsequently. The amount and distribution of CD3+T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and goblet cells (GCs) in small intestine were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and periodic acid-schiff respectively. The expression of pattern recognition receptors and downstream mediator genes were analyzed by qPCR. The results showed that the number of GCs, CD3+T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the small intestine of the PDCoV + PEDV co-inoculated piglets were increased compared with PEDV single-inoculated piglets. The piglets in the group of PDCoV + PEDV were significantly up-regulated IFN-α and IFN-λ1 when compared with the PEDV single-inoculated piglets. These results suggest that the PDCoV + PEDV co-infected piglets can superiorly activate intestinal antiviral immunity compared to PEDV single-infected piglets, which provide a new insight into the pathogenesis mechanism of swine enteric coronavirus coinfection that may be used for vaccination in the future.
Is Good More Alike as Bad? Positive-Negative Asymmetry in the Differentiation Between Options. Study on the Perception of Political Candidates
Authors: Jabłońska Magdalena , Falkowski Andrzej , Mackiewicz Robert
Published: January 2022

In our research, we investigate how well people differentiate between a few positive and negative options. Typically, negative entities are said to be more differentiated than their positive counterparts due to higher sensitivity potentially threatening stimuli. Contrary to that, we predict the opposite effect – a better differentiation of positive and not negative options – assuming that apart from being loss-avoidant people are also motivated to choose the best possible alternatives. Additionally, we investigate how positive and negative information affect object evaluation, predicting further asymmetries in object evaluations. In a series three experimental studies set in a political context, participants evaluated candidate profiles that differed in their overall valence. We used a numeric and narrative presentation of candidates as well designed evaluation tasks as either individual or joint assessments. Our findings provided strong evidence for a better differentiation between positive than negative options which was found in all three studies. It turns out that after exceeding a certain, relatively small level of negativity, people do not see any further increase in negativity. The increase in positivity, on the other hand, is more gradual, with greater differentiation among positive options. Our findings are discussed in light of such concepts as cognitive-experiential self-theory and density hypothesis.
Validation of Sinhala Version of Brief COPE Scale in Patients with Cancer in Sri Lanka
Authors: Weeratunga Eranthi , Senadheera Chandanie , Hettiarachchi Manjula , Perera Bilesha
Published: January 2022

Background: Coping strategies are essential in the cancer management/recovery process and play an integral role in patients with cancer globally. In Sri Lanka, validated scales to measure coping are scarce. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Sinhalese version of the Brief COPE. Methods: This scale is self-administered (28 items) and consists of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies divided into 14 subscales. Cancer patients were registered on a ‘first come - first serve’ basis using their appointment register at the Radiotherapy Unit, Oncology ward, Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya, Galle, Sri Lanka. They were requested to complete the Sinhalese version of the Brief COPE and demographic details. Test-retest reliability was checked using the same subjects two weeks later. Factorial validity was assessed using exploratory factor and principal component analysis. The results were regarded as statistically significant if p < 0.05. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the sample was 61 (±12) years. The mean adaptive coping (±SD) and maladaptive coping were 37.50 (±8.14) and 17.10 (±2.44), respectively. The internal consistency of the overall scale was good (Cronbach’s alpha - 0.819). Adaptive and maladaptive coping showed a high Cronbach’s alpha (0.861 and 0.396). The test-retest reliability was found to be 0.66. The Sinhala version of BC was found to have a negative correlation with the CES-D scale but was positively correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Seven factors were extracted. Conclusion: The Sinhala version of the Brief COPE is a valid and reliable tool to assess coping strategies among patients with cancer. The findings of this study will allow health authorities to gain an understanding of coping strategies among patients with cancer and the impact on cancer victims and family members to relieve their suffering.
Representation Ensembling for Synergistic Lifelong Learning with Quasilinear Complexity
Authors: Dey Jayanta , Vogelstein Joshua , Helm Hayden , Levine Will , Mehta Ronak , Geisa Ali , Xu Haoyin , de Ven Gido van , Chang Emily , Gao Chenyu , Yang Weiwei , Tower Bryan , Larson Jonathan , White Christopher , Priebe Carey
Published: January 2022

In biological learning, data are used to improve performance not only on the current task, but also on previously encountered, and as yet unencountered tasks. In contrast, classical machine learning starts from a blank slate, or tabula rasa, using data only for the single task at hand. While typical transfer learning algorithms can improve performance on future tasks, their performance on prior tasks degrades upon learning new tasks (called catastrophic forgetting). Many recent approaches for continual or lifelong learning have attempted to maintain performance given new tasks. But striving to avoid forgetting sets the goal unnecessarily low: the goal of lifelong learning, whether biological or artificial, should be to improve performance on both past tasks (backward transfer) and future tasks (forward transfer) with any new data.
Our key insight is that even though learners trained on other tasks often cannot make useful decisions on the current task (the two tasks may have non-overlapping classes, for example), they may have learned representations that are useful for this task.
Thus, although ensembling decisions is not possible, ensembling representations can be beneficial whenever the distributions across tasks are sufficiently similar. Moreover, we can ensemble representations learned independently across tasks in quasilinear space and time. We therefore propose two algorithms: representation ensembles of (1) trees and (2) networks. Both algorithms demonstrate both forward and backward transfer in a variety of simulated and real data scenarios, including tabular, image, and spoken, and adversarial tasks. This is in stark contrast to the reference algorithms we compared to, all of which failed to transfer either forward or backward, or both, despite that many of them require quadratic space or time complexity.
Perception of The Use of The DOPS In Occupational Therapy PGY Training In Taiwan: The Perspectives of Trainees And Supervisors
Authors: Liu Yi-chia , Lee Yi-chen , Huang Pai-chuan , Lee I-Hui , Lin Keh-chung
Published: January 2022

Background: Professional competence of young occupational therapists is enhanced through on-site resources, hands-on training and outcome-based education. The Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS) is a work-based assessment to evaluate professional knowledge, skills and attitude in occupational therapy (OT) clinical training. The perspectives of OT fieldwork teachers and trainees regarding the DOPS are important, but rarely investigated. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of OT educators and trainees in using DOPS and their discrepancy for OT post-graduate year (PGY) training.Methods: An online survey was distributed to OT educators and trainees who participated in OT PGY training. The survey comprised five sections: demographic information, the practicality in using the DOPS in clinical settings, the ease of rating the DOPS, and advantages and disadvantages of the DOPS. The responses were based on a 5-point Likert scale. A score of 4 or 5 indicated that the responder agreed/simple or strongly agreed/very simple with the statement. A total of 86 and 41 surveys from OT teachers and trainees were returned respectively, and 64 and 30 from OT teachers and trainees who used DOPS were analyzed.Results: Over 70 percent of OT educators and trainees agreed that clinical resources (i.e., time, personnel support and cooperation, feedback and training) were sufficient when using the DOPS. Most OT educators and trainees agreed that DOPS matched with OT training goals, benefited the OT competence training and had a fair, objective and consistent scoring system. A significant higher percentage of OT trainees felt stressful in DOPS assessment than that of trainers. Significant higher percentages of OT trainees strongly agreed that DOPS was a practical and appropriate assessment for OT competence training, and had a fair, objective and consistent scoring system than those of OT teachers. There were no significant differences between teachers and trainees regarding easiness of rating DOPS items.Conclusion: Most OT educators and trainees agreed that DOPS was a practical and appropriate assessment for the OT PGY training.
Scoping review protocol on nonpharmacological interventions for possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Shi Ya , Stanmore Emma , Todd Chris
Published: January 2022

Background: Preventing sarcopenia earlier in community has become a new recommendation in recent years. Several nonpharmacological interventions to reduce the risk of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people have been proposed, therefore there is a need to identify which of these interventions are effective. This scoping review will summarise the nature and extent of the existing literature that describes and examines nonpharmacological interventions for older adults with possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia in community. Methods: Seven stages of methodology framework which originally proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and then enhanced by Levac et al and Daudt et al will be used. A search will be conducted in the following databases: Embase, Medline on Ovid, PsycINFO, CINAHL, All EMB Reviews on Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG, VIP. Grey literature will also be searched from Google scholar. Searching will be restricted in date from January 2010 to December 2021 and in English and Chinese language only. Screening will be focused on published research articles and prospectively registered trials , including all the quantitative and qualitative study design. PRISMA-ScR will be followed for delineating the search decision process. The findings will be synthesised both quantitatively and qualitatively and classified using key conceptual categories. Moreover, it will be assessed whether the studies identified have been included in systematic reviews or meta-analyses, and the research gaps and opportunities will also be identified and summarised. Discussion: The planned scoping review will enable to identify research status and gaps existing in literatures, which would be beneficial for detecting currently insufficient areas and developing new evidence-based practices of non-pharmacological interventions to prevent sarcopenia among older adults. To our knowledge, this protocol is the first on this topic. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (OSF) Registration DOI 10.17605/OSF. IO/8BMNR Key words: Sarcopenia; Geriatrics; Older adults; Nonpharmacological intervention; Community; Scoping review
Can We Predict the Burden of Wasting in Crisis-Affected Countries? Findings from Somalia and South Sudan
Authors: Checchi Francesco , Frison Séverine , Warsame Abdihamid , Abebe Kiross Tefera , Achen Jasinta , Ategbo Eric Alain , Ayoya Mohamed Ag , Kassim Ismail , Ndiaye Biram , Nyawo Mara
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSample surveys are the mainstay of surveillance for wasting in settings affected by crises, but are burdensome and have limited geographical coverage due to insecurity and other access issues. As a possible complement to surveys, we explored a statistical approach to predict the prevalent burden of wasting malnutrition for small population strata in two crisis-affected countries, Somalia (2014-2018) and South Sudan (2015-2018).MethodsFor each country, we sourced datasets generated by humanitarian actors or other entities on insecurity, displacement, food insecurity, access to services, epidemic occurrence and other factors on the causal pathway to malnutrition. We merged these with datasets of sample household anthropometric surveys done at administrative level 3 (district, county) as part of nutritional surveillance, and, for each of several outcomes including binary and continuous indices based on either weight-for-height or middle-upper-arm circumference, fitted and evaluated the predictive performance of generalised linear models and, as an alternative, machine learning random forests.ResultsWe developed models based on 85 ground surveys in Somalia and 175 in South Sudan. Livelihood type, measles incidence, vegetation index and water price were important predictors in Somalia, and livelihood, rainfall and terms of trade (purchasing power) in South Sudan. However, both generalised linear models and random forests had low performance for both binary and continuous anthropometric outcomes.ConclusionsPredictive models had disappointing performance and are not usable for action. The range of data used and their quality probably limited our analysis. The predictive approach remains theoretically attractive, and deserves further evaluation with larger datasets across multiple settings.
Temperature Distribution Prediction in Control Cooling Process with Recurrent Neural Network for Variable-Velocity Hot Rolling Strips
Authors: Chen Dong , Zhang Rui , Li Zhenlei , Li Yunjie , Yuan Guo
Published: January 2022

Control cooling is essential method for microstructure and mechanical properties control in hot rolling strip making. It is vital to realize high precises temperature distribution prediction and control in cooling process to ensure the industrial production. In this paper, a traditional mechanism model based on finite-difference method and combining with online cycle velocity calculation strategy was introduced as one of estimating temperature distribution baseline method. However, considering calculation time, variable-velocity rolling makes it difficult to rapidly realize temperature and water distribution modifying of each segment in cooling zone. Herein, a temperature distribution prediction method based on recurrent neural network was proposed, instead of only final cooling temperature prediction. And temperature distribution prediction performance of model with different recurrent cell and time steps were evaluated. The results indicated that the proposed model could realize temperature distribution prediction and the model based on bi-LSTM and 48 timesteps has the highest determination coefficient value of 0.976 and lowest root mean square error of 8.03 and mean absolute error of 5.7. Furthermore, compared with baseline model, the proposed model retained lower computational cost, making it applicable in industrial application by providing real-time temperature distribution prediction.
CHSY3 As A Potential Therapeutic Target For Gastric Cancer
Authors: Fan Jiaxin , Huang He , Liang Chaowei , Wang Jiajia , Liang Chaojie
Published: January 2022

Background: Chondroitin synthase 3(CHSY3) has been reported to be closely related to the occurrence, development, recurrence, and metastasis of a variety of cancers. But its role in gastric cancer (GC) has not been studied. Methods: Tumor Immune Estimate Resource (TIMER), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to detect the expression of CHSY3 in gastric cancer. Analyze the correlation between CHSY3 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Draw a Kaplan-Meier survival curve to detect the clinical prognostic significance of CHSY3 in gastric cancer. Meta-analysis of the above results to determine the role of CHSY3 in GC.COX regression analysis was used to study whether CHSY3 is a predictor of GC patients. Analyze the methylation data from the TCGA database to determine the sites with a significant correlation. Through GO analysis and KEGG analysis to study the regulation mechanism of CHSY3 related genes. Screen 3 genes (APOD, GJA1, SERPINE1) from the related genes of CHSY3 as a predictive signature.Constructed a nomogram to predict the 1-year and 3-year survival probability of GC patients. The TIMER database was used to study the correlation between CHSY3 and tumor infiltrating immune cells.Study the drug sensitivity of CHSY3 related genes by using Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA).Results: CHSY3 was highly expressed in GC and significantly correlated with the T stage.The higher the expression level of CHSY3 in GC, the higher the methylation level of cg06610705 and cg11572844,which suggests that patients with gastric cancer have a poorer prognosis.Enrichment analysis identified multiple cancer-related pathways, for example, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway, and TGF-beta signaling pathway.The risk score has a very high predictive value.CHSY3 is closely associated with CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic.Besides,different mutational forms of CHSY3 were associated with the immune infiltration of 6 leukocytes.In addition,CHSY3 may contribute to drug resistance in GC.Conclusion: CHSY3 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer, and it can be used as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Formatting of an article for the journal ”Multiphase Systems“: a guide for the author
Authors:   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics of UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Galimzyanov M.N. , Mikhaylenko C.I. ,   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics of UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, Russia, Nalobina E.A. ,   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics of UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2022

Abstract is formatted in the header of the source file as a parameter to the \abstract{} command. The abstract is intended to give a detailed description of the article, which makes it possible to judge the content used research approaches and results obtained. The volume of the abstract is 200–250 words (in the final file they are 18 to 22 lines long). Abstract can contain mathematical symbols (Greek letters, accents, degree symbol, etc.), but should not include equations. An exception is made for equalities determining important values, that is mathematical expressions of the form α = 123. The abstract should not contain tables, images, references to literature and other cross-references. This article provides a quick guide to using the mfs.cls class, which defines registration of an article in the journal ”Multiphase Systems“. The description is given in such a way that it can be used as a template for preparing your article. The editors of the journal ”Multiphase Systems“ and the authors of this article ask you to carefully follow the presentation the description, paying particular attention to those paragraphs that are in bold.