bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MULTIPLE LARGE SHAREHOLDER STRUCTURE, LEVERAGE, DAN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN JASA NON KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Yulistiani Nita
Published: June 2021

Abstract— This research is quantitative and examined the effect of multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital on company performance using the ROE. The data is retrieved from financial statements of service companies, exclude the finance subsector, listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. There are 36 companies and 171 data for the sample using the purposive sampling method. The method of analysis used is multiple linear regression. The result is that multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital have significant effects simultaneously on non-finance company performance. Partially, multiple large shareholder structure, leverage, and intellectual capital have positive and significant effects on company performance. This research proves that company performance can be enhanced by maximizing multiple large shareholder structure roles as supervisors to decrease internal conflicts and represent the minority shareholders, keeping the leverage ratio to avoid default risk, and utilizing intellectual capital to advance the value-added of the company.

 

Keywords: Multiple Large Shareholder Structure; Leverage; Intellectual Capital; Company Performance
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN ENJOYMENT, ENTERTAINMENT, EDUCATION, FLOW DAN DESIGN BACKGROUND DALAM VIRTUAL TOURISM SELAMA COVID-19
Authors: Yusrin Nur Amalyna , Sugianto Natasya
Published: June 2021

Abstract- COVID-19 has a significant impact for Indonesian tourism industry and MSMEs (Micro, Small, Medium, Entreprises) where are strong leaning on direct interaction. This condition causes has a significant impact on the decline of national tourism economy. It impacts to a contraction of 88.82% in 2020 which increases the risk of loss by IDR 54.6 trillion if it occurs during the year. It is as a result government’s policy to keep the distance to break the COVID-19 spread however, tourism well known as an industry where cannot be separated by human touch and visitors direct experience. In this digital development era, virtual tourism becomes the alternative solution to reduce contraction rate implemented by tourism entrepreneur and the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy. When talking about technology, we will discuss how it is executed in the present and the development of its implementation for the next 10 years. Existing research focuses on the marketing elements of virtual tourism, therefore, it is important to analyse which elements in the virtual tourism experience are able to attract the attention of tourists for continuance using virtual tourism. Researcher implement quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires to 308 respondents to millennial labor force in urban cities. Researchers used TAM (Theory of Acceptance Model) to see the effect of enjoyment, entertainment, education as Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Flow and Design Background as Perceived Usefuless (PU). The results of this study indicates Education, Flow and Design Background elements have direct positive effect on increasing tourist attention using Virtual Tourism. This research is expected to be able to contribute to the development of virtual tourism technology and how it is implemented in Marketing 5.0

Keywords: Virtual Touris;, Continuance Purchase Intention; Percevived Eased of Use; Perceived of Usefulness
DETERMINANTS OF FIRM VALUE ON CONSUMPTION SECTOR IN INDONESIA
Authors: Jang Ji Kyoung , Utomo Prio
Published: June 2021

Abstract- The purpose of study is to understand the dominan determinants factor which is debt to asset ratio, current ratio, dividend payout ratio and firm size that will influence the firm value in consumer goods companies in Indonesia. To able to maintain dan increase the Indonesia economic growth, Investment and consumption are two main contributor to sustainable economic growth in Indonesia. The study seek for more understanding the determinant that influence the firm value that could support investor decision in consumer goods The study seek for relationship between determinants to predict firm value in the consumption industry which previously done in other sector with inconclusive result. The sample used in this research came from the financial report of 10 of 50 public listed company in IDX between 2013-2017 has high credibility and stability with purposive sampling. The Multiple Regression of modeling are used to analyze the relationship between determinants. The debt to asset ratio, current ratio, and firm size are affect the firm size significantly except for the devident payout ratio, with debt to asset ratio with the most effecting factor. DAR can reflect how financially stable a company is. The higher the ratio, the higher the degree of leverage and, consequently, the higher the risk of investing in that company.

Keywords: Firm Size; Consumer Goods; Debt to Asset Ratio; Current Ratio; Firm Size; Dividend Payout Ratio
Rancang Bangun Sistem Peminjaman Laptop dengan Metode Extreme Programming Menggunakan Framework Bootstrap
Authors: GUNADI GOLDIE
Published: June 2021

PT Gramedia is a company engaged in the printing industry. Currently, PT Gramedia provides facilities for a number of laptops that can be lent to employees to support their work needs. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, PT Gramedia requires some of its employees to work from home. This results in the increasing need for employees to work devices in the form of laptops. The research conducted aims to design and build a web-based laptop lending information system using the Bootstrap 4 framework, which is intended to help make the data collection and administration process faster, easier and more efficient in terms of time, cost, place and energy. From the results of the research, a system was built according to user needs and was able to solve existing problems. In addition, the resulting system is also more flexible and dynamic and can be accessed from a variety of different types of devices.

 

Index Terms—Bootstrap; extreme programming; information system; laptop rental
Analisis Dampak Pembelajaran Daring Bagi Pelajar Dalam Membentuk Keaktifan Belajar
Authors: Septoyadi Zikry , Candrawati Vita Lastriana , Mahyadien Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh penerapan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi menimbulkan dampak dari penerapannya dalam meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa. Karena pada era ini untuk menekan penyebaran virus corona pembelajaran dilakukan dengan cara daring atau dalam jaringan. Pembelajaran daring dilakukan di rumah menjadi tanggungjawab orangtua dalam pengawasan terhadap anak-anaknya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dampak terhadap anak dalam meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa dalam penerapan pembelajaran daring sekaligus mengetahui dampak yang terjadi terhadap orangtua siswa yang anaknya mengikuti program pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, di mana penulis merupakan instrument utama untuk memperoleh data secara lebih rinci. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Padukuhan Mlangi Sawahan. Adapun teknik penentuan informan penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data yang sudah terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan diterapkannya pembelajaran daring di Padukuhan Mlangi Sawahan keaktifan belajar para siswa tidak meningkat, siswa tidak menyukai pembelajaran yang dilakukan dengan cara daring ini membuat siswa menjadi tidak aktif, siswa banyak bergantung kepada orangtuanya, siswa lebih senang dengan pembelajaran langsung di kelas membuat pembelajaran daring ini siswa menjadi bosan. Kemudian dampak terhadap orangtua dan anak yaitu siswa terbatas ruang berpikirnya membuat siswa tidak bisa bertukar pendapat dengan siswa lain serta tak bisa bertanya langsung dengan sang guru menjadikan siswa terlalu bergantung kepada orangtuanya setiap ada tugas dan menjadikan orangtua terganggu, orangtua harus menambah biaya untuk membeli paket internet supaya anak bisa mengikuti pembelajaran yang sedang diterapkan saat ini, pembelajaran daring para anak dan orangtua belum terbiasa dengan penggunaan teknologi menimbulkan kebingungan dengan penggunaanya.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran MEHASAN Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hernawan Devita Inanda , Setiawan Yohana
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini berdasarkan masalah dalam proses pembelajaran matematika model pembelajaran konvensional. Pelajaran matematika menjadikan siswa merasa kurangnya dalam memahami materi tersebut. Kurangnya melatih siswa dalam memecahkan masalah soal cerita, penggunaan media sebagai saran pendukung penyampaian materi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk pengembangan media pembelajaran MEHASAN untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian ini penelitian R&D menggunakan model pengembangan ASSURE. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa rubrik penilaian ahli yang terdiri dari rubrik penilaian ahli materi dan rubrik penilaian ahli media. Hasil uji validasi oleh ahli materi mendapatkan skor presentase 81, 73 % dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Sedangkan hasil uji validasi oleh ahli media mendapatkan skor 79, 68 % dengan kategori tinggi. Hasil uji validitas kelayakan media pembelajaran MEHASAN untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dalam hal ini hasil uji valiadasi kelakayan ada dua hal yang pertama sesuai uji ahli materi mendapatkan mendapatkan 40 dari 48 dan presentase 81 – 100 % dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Kedua sesuai uji ahli media mendapatkan 30 dari 48 dan presentase 61 – 80 % dengan kategori tinggi Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan siswa kelas V SD khususnya materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan dua pecahan penyebut berbeda.
Pengenalan Warna dan Bentuk Geometri Dengan Media Balok Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Pertiwi 2 Jeron Nogosari Boyolali
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dari hasil kemampuan anak untuk mengenal warna dan bentuk geometri di TK B belum berkembang sesuai harapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan,  pelaksanaan dan kemampuan anak dalam pengenalan warna dan bentuk-bentuk geometri  dengan media balok pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Pertiwi 2 Jeron kecamatan Nogosari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. (1) Perencanaan kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru dalam pengenalan bentuk-bentuk geometri dengan media balok pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Pertiwi 2 Jeron Nogosari yaitu perencanaan pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan kurikulum yang telah ada dan dibuat dalam bentuk Rencangan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian ( RPPH ) yang disesuaikan dengan tema pada hari itu dan disesuaikan dengan perkembangan anak; (2) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran pengenalan bentuk-bentuk geometri dan warna dengan media balok pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Pertiwi 2 Jeron Nogosari yaitu langkah-langkah yang dilakukan guru sesuai dengan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian ( RPPH )  pembelajaran yang terdapat pada ( RPPH )   yang dibuat oleh guru kelas yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan anak; dan (3) Kemampuan mengenal bentuk-bentuk geometri dan warna pada anak usia 5-6 tahun dengan media balok di TK Pertiwi 2 Jeron Nogosari yaitu sudah dapat dikatakan berkembang sesuai harapan karena dari keseluruhan anak sudah dapat mengenal bentuk-bentuk geometri dan warna secara keseluruhan, dari hasil tes mengenal bentuk geometri dan warna yang telah dilakukan peneliti.
Citra Wawasan Kebangsaan Generasi Muda: suatu kajian terhadap sikap anti radikalisme
Authors: Zulfikar Gilang , Permady Gigieh Cahya
Published: June 2021

Akses penyebaran informasi dalam interaksi global telah mengubah dunia seolah-olah transparan seakan batas wilayah tidak lagi jadi penghalang. Fenomena globalisasi ini menimbulkan berbagai konsekuensi pada segala segmen aktivitas bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara, seperti halnya dua sisi pada mata uang, yakni dampak dari sisi positif dan sisi negatif. Positifnya, dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi dapat mempermudah segala kebutuhan umat manusia. Namun dampak negatif yang paling fundamental adalah pergeseran nilai-nilai adiluhung yang menjadi dasar falsafah hidup telah bergeser pada seperangkat nilai-nilai universal yang dibawa arus globalisasi. Hal itu, menimbulkan ancaman konflik yang mengarah pada tantangan disintegrasi bangsa. Artikel ini membahas kajian tentang potret wawasan kebangsaan pada generasi muda. Sikap ini menjadi antitesis terhadap perbuatan-perbuatan yang bersebrangan dengan nilai-nilai persatuan Indonesia. Untuk itu, perlu adanya lingkungan (sekolah, rumah, masyarakat) yang mendukung bagi generasi muda dalam menumbuhkan karakter bangsanya. Sebab konsep kebangsaan itu sendiri ditujukan sebagai sebuah pengabdian yang didedikasikan terhadap negara dan menerima hidup dalam sebuah perbedaan yang menjadi watak dan karakter bangsanya. Sehingga terbentuklah hubungan antar warga negara itu sendiri, sehingga menciptakan sikap kepedulian kepada seluruh warga negara dan nasib bangsanya.
Hubungan Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa SMA
Authors: Suriyanti Yulia
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pembelajaran daring dengan minat belajar siswa di SMA Nusantara Indah. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian adalah survei. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa SMA Nusantara Indah Sintang. Teknik sampling proportionate Stratified Random. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan cara: analisis pendahuluan dengan perhitungan persentase, analisis lanjutan dengan perhitungan rumus korelasi product moment dari Karl Pearson dan dilanjutkan dengan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring terhadap minat belajar siswa SMA Nusantara Indah dengan nilai t  hitung sebesar 0,876. Jumlah sampel berjumlah 45 pada taraf signifikansi 5% bernilai 2,306. Hal tersebut menunjukkan pada taraf signifikansi 5% nilai t hitung lebih kecil dari t tabel.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mengoperasikan Peralatan Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian Dengan Metode Cooperative Learning Tipe Jigsaw
Authors: Damayanti Dina
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI TPHP 3 SMKN 1 Cangkringan dengan metode cooperative learning tipe jigsaw.  Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TPHP 3 SMKN 1 Cangkringan  yang terdiri dari 29 siswa Siswa dibagi dalam beberapa kelompok belajar yang heterogen yang beranggotakan 5-6 orang dengan menggunakan pola kelompok asal dan kelompok ahli. Penelitian ini berlangsung dua siklus  masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa lembar penilaian. Data primer diungkap dengan data nilai dan kriteria penilaian untuk mencatat hasil belajar siswa dalam proses tindakan dan mencatat tata laksana pengelolaan penelitian ini. Data primer diperoleh dengan menilai hasil diskusi, presentasi, praktik dan ters tertulis yang berupa kuis dan tes formatif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan acuan penilaian kelas untuk Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan/Madrasah Aliyah Kejuruan. Hasil penilaian siswa menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II. Dengan demikian setelah menjalani proses tindakan berupa cooperative learning tipe jigsaw terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa.
Penerapan Grammarly Tool Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Analisis Ekspositoris Siswa
Authors: Sulistyowati Endang
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa melalui Grammarly checker pada siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 berjumlah 35 siswa. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif, dimana peneliti sebagai guru Bahasa Inggris di Kelas XI MIPA 4 berkolaborasi dengan guru Bahasa Inggris yang juga mengajar di SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana sebagai pengamat dan kolaborator. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui dua siklus yang setiap siklus terdiri dari tiga pertemuan. Setiap siklus dilakukan dengan mengikuti model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang terdiri dari perencanaa, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, catatan lapangan, angket, dan tes. Peneliti kemudian menganalisis data, baik secara kuantitatif maupun kualitatif. Peneliti melakukan pre-test pada siklus 1, tes pada siklus 1 dan 2 untuk mengukur keterampilan menulis siswa terutama dalam menulis teks eksposisi analitis.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis siswa setelah menerapkan alat Grammarly di kelas. Pada akhir setiap periode, sebagian besar siswa memperoleh nilai yang memuaskan seteah menggunakan alat Grammarly. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari hasil skor siswa dalam tes tertulis dari setiap siklus. Pada pre-test, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 66.43. kemudian, setelah menerapkan alat Grammarly, nilai rata-rata siswa pada post-test 1 adalah 72,00 dan post-test 2 adalah 80,74. Berdasarkan data di atas, pencapaian keterampilan menulis siswa pada post-test 2 telah mencapai target penelitian tindakan kelas. Dari hasil nilai rata-rata siswa bisa dilihat bahwa Grammarly dapat memberikan efek positif terhadap keterampilan menulis siswa.
Analisis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Dalam Muatan Pelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Maharuli Farhamna Maulida , Zulherman Zulherman
Published: June 2021

Dunia yang sedang ditimpa oleh penyakit Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19), membuat pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk melakukan proses belajar dari rumah. Hal tersebut membuat para pendidik untuk menggunakan teknologi sebagai perantara dalam pemberian materi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat mengetahui media yang biasa digunakan selama proses belajar dari rumah, materi IPA yang perlu penguatan pemahaman, dan kebutuhannya video sebagai penambah pemahaman siswa. Penilitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dalam bentuk kuesioner yang dikategorikan sesuai kebutuhan target dan kebutuhan pembelajaran. Didapatkan hasil bahwa penggunaan media video (66,7%), powerpoint (83,3%), dan e-book (33,3%). Jika dalam materi IPA yang kurang dipahami siswa yakni cahaya (47,7%), gaya (33,3%), energi (29,2%), dan makhluk hidup (18,5%). Dan hasil untuk pentingnya video pembelajaran bagi siswa (95,4%) dan menurut guru (100%). Sehingga dapat kesimpulan bahwa para pendidik lebih menggunakan media powerpoint selama proses belajar dirumah, dan materi IPA yang kurang dipahami merupakan cahaya, sehingga perlunya video pembelajaran sebagai peningkatan pemahaman tersebut.
Model Pembelajaran Olahraga Renang Anak Usia Dini: Literature Review
Authors: Yudha Prawira Asrori , Prabowo Eko , Febrianto Fajar
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh pengetahuan dan penemuan baru. Kedua sebagai pembuktian atau pengujian tentang kebenaran dari pengetahuan yang sudah ada dan yang ketiga untuk mengetahui pengembangan model Olahraga renang pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan kepustakaan (library research). Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan menggunakan analisis isi artikel. Artikel penelitian yang sesuai dengan kriteria kemudian dikumpulkan dan dibuat ringkasan jurnal meliputi nama peneliti, tahun terbit jurnal, rancangan studi, tujuan penelitian, sampel, instrument (alat ukur) dan ringkasan hasil atau temuan. Terdapat 10 literatur yang membahas tentang model pembelajaran renang pada anak usia dini, semua jurnal tersebut adalah jurnal nasional yang dilakukan pencarian diportal google scholar dengan mengetik kata kunci “model pembelajaran renang” yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis critical appraisal untuk menganalisis dari inti jurnal, hasil studi sehingga mengetahui persamaan dan perbedaan dari jurnal-jurnal tersebut. Dari 10 jurnal tersebut ada 5 jurnal tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan permainan renang secara langsung ada yang membahas motoric kasar , permainan modifikasi dan kemampuan. Beberapa hal penting yang didapat dari beberapa jurnal diantaranya identifikasi metode pembelajaran Olahraga renang anak usia dini dengan menjabarkan metode yang efektif dari beberapa penelitian terkait secara runtut agat dapat dijadikan sebagai sebuah acuan pembelajaran olahraga Olahraga renang anak usia dini. Kedua, model pembelajaran Olahraga renang pada anak usia dini dapat meningkatkan semangat dan mencegah kebosanan pada anak usia dini. Ketiga, memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap kemampuan motorik kasar dan kognitif anak usia dini serta proses pembelajaran lebih menyenangkan dan partisipatif.
INTEGRATING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS: TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES AND BARRIERS
Authors: Suparjan Suparjan
Published: June 2021

Unquestionably, the rapid development of ICT has had a significant impact on various areas of human life including education in the past few decades. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to support educational activities in schools has increased significantly in several developing countries as in the case of Indonesia. The study aims to examine the attitudes of teachers of elementary schools located in all districts in West Kalimantan, one of the provinces on the Island of Kalimantan, Indonesia, towards ICT as a medium to support teaching and learning activities which includes the ease of use, effectiveness and satisfaction. This study investigates how elementary school teachers view ICT as a supporting tool for classroom learning activities and the barriers faced regarding the use of the technology in teaching and learning activities. A total of 102 elementary school teachers were involved in this investigation by acting in response to a questionnaire and 13 participants were selected voluntarily to take part in in-depth interviews about their attitudes on the use of ICT as a tool for educating activities and the barriers these teachers encountered. The findings indicate that elementary school teachers had a positive attitude towards the employment of ICT for instruction along with the various barriers they faced during teaching and learning activities.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PEER-ASSISTED REFLECTION LEARNING IN MULTIVARIABLE CALCULUS LECTURES
Authors: Yenti Isra Nurmai , Kusumah Yaya S. , Dahlan Jarnawi Afghani
Published: June 2021

A large class can be a problem source in learning Calculus. Peer-Assisted Reflection learning,as the solution, is a learning that combines peer analysis and self-reflection. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of Peer-Assisted Reflection learning based on Students’ opinions in Multivariable Calculus lecture. The research design used was pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design. The data obtained from questionnaire responses were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The result of this study shows that thePeer-Assisted Reflection learning help Students’s carry out activities: reflecting the result of their own work, commenting on the friend’s work, and increasing understanding of the material after revising their work. On contrary, the Peer-Assisted Reflection learning has not been able to carry out the following activities: determining concepts, understanding problems in a short time, understanding the work of colleagues, and finding doubts about the correctness of the answers.
Digital Speech Analysis in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndromes
Authors: Parjane Natalia , Cho Sunghye , Ash Sharon , Cousins Katheryn A.Q. , Shellikeri Sanjana , Liberman Mark , Shaw Leslie M. , Irwin David J. , Grossman Murray , Nevler Naomi
Published: June 2021

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPS) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) as well as non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (naPPA) are often associated with misfolded 4-repeat tau pathology, but the diversity of the associated speech features is poorly understood. Objective: Investigate the full range of acoustic and lexical properties of speech to test the hypothesis that PSPS-CBS show a subset of speech impairments found in naPPA. Methods: Acoustic and lexical measures, extracted from natural, digitized semi-structured speech samples using novel, automated methods, were compared in PSPS-CBS (n = 87), naPPA (n = 25), and healthy controls (HC, n = 41). We related these measures to grammatical performance and speech fluency, core features of naPPA, to neuropsychological measures of naming, executive, memory and visuoconstructional functioning, and to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated tau (pTau) levels in patients with available biofluid analytes. Results: Both naPPA and PSPS-CBS speech produced shorter speech segments, longer pauses, higher pause rates, reduced fundamental frequency (f0) pitch ranges, and slower speech rate compared to HC. naPPA speech was distinct from PSPS-CBS with shorter speech segments, more frequent pauses, slower speech rate, reduced verb production, and higher partial word production. In both groups, acoustic duration measures generally correlated with speech fluency, measured as words per minute, and grammatical performance. Speech measures did not correlate with standard neuropsychological measures. CSF pTau levels correlated with f0 range in PSPS-CBS and naPPA. Conclusion: Lexical and acoustic speech features of PSPS-CBS overlaps those of naPPA and are related to CSF pTau levels.
Novel hybridized crow whale optimization and QoS based bipartite coverage routing for secure data transmission in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Qureshi Shahana Gajala , Shandilya Shishir Kumar
Published: June 2021

WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is a network of devices which can transfer the data collected from an examined field via wireless links. Thus secure data transmission is required for accurate transfer of data from source to destination as data passes through various intermediate nodes. The study intends to perform shortest, secure path routing on the basis of trust through novel Hybridized Crow Whale Optimization (H-CWO) and QoS based bipartite Coverage Routing (QOS-CR) as well as to analyze the system’s performance. Nodes are randomly deployed in the network area. Initially, a trust metric formation is implemented via novel H-CWO and the authenticated nodes are selected. Then through the secure routing protocol, Cluster head (CH) is selected to perform clustering. Neighbourhood hop prediction is executed to determine the shortest path routing and secure data transfer is performed through novel QOS-CR. The proposed system is analyzed by comparing it with various existing methods in terms of delay, throughput, energy and alive nodes. The results attained from comparative analysis revealed the efficiency of the proposed system. The proposed novel H-CWO and QOS-CR exhibited minimum delay, high throughput, energy and maximum alive nodes thereby ensuring safe transmission of data from source node to destination node.
The assessment of a smart system in hydroponic vertical farming via fuzzy MCDM methods
Authors: Cagri Tolga A. , Basar Murat
Published: June 2021

By 2050, the global population is estimated to rise to over 9 billion people, and the global food need is expected to ascend 50%. Moreover, by cause of climate change, agricultural production may decrease by 10%. Since cultivable land is constant, multi-layered farms are feasible alternatives to yield extra food from the unit land. Smart systems are logical options to assist production in these factory-like farms. When the amount of food grown per season is assessed, a single indoor hectare of a vertical farm could deliver yield equal to more than 30 hectares of land consuming 70% less water with nearly zero usage of pesticides. In this study, we evaluated technology selection for three vertical farm alternatives via MCDM methods. Even though commercial vertical farms are set up in several countries, area is still fresh and acquiring precise data is difficult. Therefore, we employed fuzzy logic as much as possible to overcome related uncertainties. WEDBA (Weighted Euclidean Distance Based Approximation) and MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) methods are employed to evaluate alternatives.
Will Artificial Intelligence Replace the Movement Disorders Specialist for Diagnosing and Managing Parkinson’s Disease?
Authors: Landers Matt , Saria Suchi , Espay Alberto J.
Published: June 2021

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) to help diagnose and manage disease is of increasing interest to researchers and clinicians. Volumes of health data are generated from smartphones and ubiquitous inexpensive sensors. By using these data, AI can offer otherwise unobtainable insights about disease burden and patient status in a free-living environment. Moreover, from clinical datasets AI can improve patient symptom monitoring and global epidemiologic efforts. While these applications are exciting, it is necessary to examine both the utility and limitations of these novel analytic methods. The most promising uses of AI remain aspirational. For example, defining the molecular subtypes of Parkinson’s disease will be assisted by future applications of AI to relevant datasets. This will allow clinicians to match patients to molecular therapies and will thus help launch precision medicine. Until AI proves its potential in pushing the frontier of precision medicine, its utility will primarily remain in individualized monitoring, complementing but not replacing movement disorders specialists.
Delayed cord clamping: Time for physiologic implementation
Authors: Surak A. , Elsayed Y.
Published: June 2021

Delayed cord clamping has been shown to be beneficial in both preterm and term babies. Practice guidelines have not been consistent between centers and the practice of delayed cord clamping has not been standardized. The concept of physiologic-based cord clamping emerged into practice as well. Cord milking has different physiological effect and might be harmful in preterm babies.
Age- and gender-related normative value of whole-body sagittal alignment based on 584 asymptomatic Chinese adult population from age 20 to 89
Authors: Hu Z , Man GCW , Yeung KH , Cheung WH , Chu WCW , Law SW , Lam TP , Zhu Z , Qiu Y , Cheng JCY
Published: June 2021

To establish the age- and sex-related normative values of sagittal alignment in asymptomatic Chinese adults, and to investigate the changes and possible associated compensation mechanisms across age groups. 584 asymptomatic Chinese adults aged 20–89 years were recruited. Subjects were grouped according to age and gender. Whole-body standing radiographs were acquired for evaluating sagittal alignment from spine to lower limb. Sagittal parameters between gender in different age groups were compared via independent t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to demonstrate relationships between parameters. Thoracic kyphosis (TK) increased steadily while lumbar lordosis decreased gradually in both genders. Pelvic tilt (PT) in male is greater than in female across all age groups with age related gradual increase. There were significant differences between male and female from 20s to 60s in terms of knee flexion angle (KA) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (AA), but the differences were not significant after 60s. T1 pelvic angle (TPA) was significantly correlated with spinal, pelvic and lower-limb alignment. The older group (≥50 years) had a stronger correlation of TPA with PT and KA, whereas the younger (<50 years) had stronger correlation with TK. This study comprehensively presented the normative sagittal alignment based on a large asymptomatic population, which could serve as an age- and gender-specific reference value for spine surgeons when planning for correction surgery. Age can influence the recruitment of compensation mechanism that involve more pelvic and lower limb mechanisms for elderly people.
Is ultrasound accurate for radiation-free quantitative assessment of spinal curvatures in patients with idiopathic scoliosis – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lam TP , Pang H , Wong YS , Yip BHK , Hung ALH , Chu WCW , Lai KKL , Zheng YP , Cheng JCY
Published: June 2021

Despite application of ultrasound for quantitative measurement of spinal curvatures has been reported with various studies, a systematic review for such is lacking. This systematic review aimed to evaluate (1) reliability of ultrasound; (2) validity of ultrasound using radiographic measurement as gold standard in idiopathic scoliosis patients; and (3) the use of various anatomical landmarks for measurement of spinal curvatures. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL databases were searched. QUADAS-2 quality assessment tool was adopted. Reliability of ultrasound in terms of intra-class correlation coefficient was recorded. Pearson correlation coefficients between ultrasound and radiographic measurements were extracted for meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses based on ultrasound measurement protocols of spinous process (SP), transverse processes (TP) and center of lamina (COL) were conducted. Eleven articles reporting 18 correlation analyses on 766 subjects were eligible for meta-analysis. The mean inter-rater reliability of ultrasound measurement was 0.87±0.07. Pooled correlation for all studies was 0.918 (95% CI: 0.868–0.949), exhibiting substantial heterogeneity (I2=90.50%, p<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that pooled correlations were 0.887 for COL method (comprising 356 subjects); 0.924 for SP method (255 subjects); and 0.941 for TP method (117 subjects); all with notable heterogeneity (I2>90%, p<0.001). The overall risk of bias was rated moderate; yet publication bias was noted. Evidences showed that ultrasound was a promising non-invasive method with satisfactory validity and reliability for measuring coronal curvatures utilizing the SP, TP or COL methods. Further development of three-dimensional ultrasound towards scoliosis assessment will facilitate its translational application for managing scoliosis.
Evaluation of plantar pressures and center of pressure trajectories in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Horng J , Liu XC , Thometz J , Tassone C , Duey-Holtz A
Published: June 2021

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has been postulated to affect gait patterns and postural stability due to its effect on center of body mass. 1) Determine the correlation between Cobb angle and COP in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction, COP in the medial-lateral (ML) direction, COP oscillation (COP-O) from midline walking, peak pressures, and pressure-time integrals (loading) at 10 anatomic foot segments; 2) Determine the differences in COP-AP, COP-ML, COP-O, and peak plantar pressures at 10 anatomic foot segments between the normal group and the AIS group. All patients wore a gown to expose the posterior trunk and underwent evaluation with Formetric 4D (DIERS International GmbH, Schlangenbad, Germany) while walking on the treadmill at 2 km/hour for 15 seconds. A total of 24 pressure metrics at 10 anatomic foot segments were evaluated. We then analyzed the data using t-test and linear regression analyses.16 patients were assigned to a normal group (Cobb angle 10° or less, n=4) or AIS group (Cobb greater than 10°, n=12). Of note, AIS patients had statistically significant lower max. pressures at the hallux and the 2nd, 4th, 5th metatarsal head compared to the normal group. Additionally, there was a statistically significant linear association between Cobb angle and both hallux max. pressure and hallux pressure-time integral (P<0.05). Reduced peak plantar pressures before the toe-off phase of gait cycle indicate that AIS patients may lean backwards and have posterior postural sway, which may be associated with hypokyphosis during walking.
Follow-up of an Elongation Bending Derotation Brace in the treatment of infantile scoliosis
Authors: Thometz J , Liu XC
Published: June 2021

Since 2013, an elongation bending derotation brace (EBDB) has been developed and applied to EOS in our institution. The goals of the study were: 1) to compare radiographic changes before the use of EBDB (Pre-B), in brace (IB), and after the use of EBDB (Post-B) in a minimal two year follow-up; 2) to determine the compliance with the EBDB. Thirteen children diagnosed with an infantile scoliosis (IS) were retrospectively recruited. Under general anesthesia in the OR, child was placed on a Spica casting table, and the spine was manipulated by stockinet straps. Then 3D child’s torso was scanned, the EBDB was designed and manufactured for exact fitting to the torso in the corrected position using CAD/CAM technology.1 Mean age at start of EBDB was 2 years and 6 months. Average follow-up was 36 months. Compliance showed a mean 19 hours per day (14 to 23 hours). Pre-treatment Cobb angle was 40°, in brace 22°, and out of brace 28° (p<0.05). Axial vertebral rotation (AVR) by Nash-Moe method improved from 30% before treatment to 21% in brace and 19% at the end of visit (p<0.05). Kyphosis was significantly increased from 16° (Pre-B) to 32° (Post-B) (P<0.05). However, there was reduction of Rib-vertebral angle difference (RVAD) from 23° (Pre-B) to 11° (Post-B) (P>0.05). A cascade of EBDB effectively corrects and stabilizes the 3D spinal deformities in infantile. Thus the EBDB is considered as a successful modality in the treatment of IS children.
Development of orthosis following EDF serial casting for infantile scoliosis
Authors: Tassone C , Syed A , Escott B , Liu XC
Published: June 2021

Elongation-de-rotation-flexion (EDF) casting is a popular treatment for early-onset-scoliosis (EOS). However, casting every 2 to 3 months using general anesthesia may affect cognitive function.[1,2] Aims of this study: 1) to develop a new orthosis for EOS treatment based on EDF technique (EDFO) and traction frame; 2) to evaluate emerging radiographic results from treatment. Mehta’s EDF serial casting method and AMIL traction frame were used to manually correct the spine for 3D trunk scan. Afterward, a digital spinal model was created and helped design the EDFO with CAD/CAM technology. Radiographic measurements included Cobb angle, RVAD, and thoracic height and width. Six patients (2 girls; 4 boys) diagnosed with idiopathic EOS were enrolled in the study. EDFO was applied at mean 36.5 months of age, after final EDF casting. The average major Cobb angle stabilized after treatment. Average RVAD increased. The average normalized thoracic width at last EDFO out-of-brace was less than prior to EDFO. The new asymmetric EDFO offers an alternative to serial casting and TLSO. EDFO is considered a cost-effective, safer, more breathable, removable, and less invasive modality.
Feasibility and effects of 6-month home-based digitally supported E-Fit program utilizing high-intensity interval exercises in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Lau RWL , Cheuk KY , Tam EMS , Hui SSC , Cheng JCY , Lam TP
Published: June 2021

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients have lower physical activities when compared with healthy controls, and are associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength and poorer quality of life (QoL). We aimed to assess the feasibility and effects of 6-month home-based digitally supported E-Fit comprised of high-intensity interval exercises for AIS patients. 40 AIS girls aged 11-14 were randomly assigned to E-Fit or control group. E-Fit group participated in an online 6-month home-based exercise program. At baseline, 6-months and 12-months follow-up, BMD using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle functions, physical activity using Modified Baecke Questionnaire (MBQ), and QoL using Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22r) and feedback questionnaire were investigated. 14 in E-Fit and 16 in control group completed the study. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. At 6-months, E-Fit group showed better improvement and significant interaction effect in left femoral neck bone mineral content (p=0.021) and isometric curl up test (p=0.04). Left arm lean mass showed better improvement between 6-months and 12-months follow-up (p=0.046) and whole-body areal BMD had significant interaction effect at 12-months follow-up (p=0.077). Improvement on self-image, work and sports participation were noted in E-Fit group across time. 70% of E-Fit participants were positive towards domestic application via online platform. E-Fit showed some benefits on bone health, muscle functions, physical activity and QoL measures. Current study indicated some potential physical and psychological benefits of E-Fit for AIS girls. E-Fit was feasible to conduct online at home and might have value of promoting exercise habits among relatively inactive AIS girls.
Surgical results of Hybrid Mita method to idiopathic scoliosis: minimum two years follow-up
Authors: Konomi T , Suzuki N , Kono K , Asazuma T
Published: June 2021

Hybrid Mita (Suzuki) method is a newly developed technique of scoliosis surgery. This concept consists of three components: rib mobilization, rod rotation maneuver and hook rotation maneuver, which does not require intra-operative CT scan with lower risk of screw malposition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacies of this method for correction in scoliosis. : This is a retrospective observational study, consist of eighty-nine idiopathic scoliosis patients who underwent this method between 2009 and 2016 with minimum 2-years follow-up. The curve pattern, Cobb angle, hump height and angle, peri-operative events and complications were analyzed. The mean pre- and post-operative Cobb angle was 50.9° and 10.1°, respectively. The average correction rate was 80.5%. Hump height was reduced from 20.2 mm to 9.8 mm and hump angle reduced from 13.1° to 6.1° in average. The correction loss at the final follow-up was 0.3° in average. There were two local superficial infection cases, but there was no instrumentation failure such as malposition or dislodgement, or pseudarthrosis. This novel method is promising to provide excellent clinical correction to idiopathic scoliosis, which is no less than all pedicle screw constructs. The technique of the skillful utilization of hooks in spinal surgery should not perish from the stage.
Loss of body height due to severe thoracic curvature does impact pulmonary testing results in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Politarczyk K , Stepniak Ł , Kozinoga M , Czaprowski D , Kotwicki T
Published: June 2021

A standing body height is a variable used to calculate pulmonary parameters during spirometry examination. In adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis, the loss of the body height is observed, and it may potentially influence the results of pulmonary testing. The study aimed to analyze pulmonary parameters in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis in relation to the measured versus the corrected body height. Preoperative pulmonary testing and radiographic evaluation were performed in 39 children (29 females, 10 males) aged 12–17 years. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured. The single best effort was analyzed. Thoracic Cobb angle ranged 50°–104°. Corrected body height was calculated according to the Stokes’ formula. The subgroup analysis was performed for the subjects with curves 50°–74° (N=26) versus 75°–104° curves (N=13). Mean measured body height was 166.1±9.0 cm versus 168.9±8.9 cm mean corrected body height. The %FVC obtained for the measured height was significantly higher than obtained for the corrected height: 84.6% ±15.6 vs. 81.6% ±15.6, p<0.001. The %FEV1 obtained for the measured height was significantly higher than obtained for the corrected height: 79.8% ±16.3 vs. 77.35% ±15.9, p<0.001. The subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in %FVC and %FEV1 calculated for the measured versus the corrected body height, p<0.001. Corrected body height significantly influences the results of pulmonary parameters measurement. In consequence, it may influence the analysis of the pulmonary status of children with idiopathic scoliosis.
A standardized protocol for the comprehensive assessment of dental hygiene work
Authors: Roll Shawn C. , Hardison Mark E. , Forrest Jane L. , Colclazier Nikki L. , Sumi Joyce Y. , Baker Nancy A.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in dental hygienists. Although engineering controls and ergonomic training is available, it is unclear why this intransigent problem continues. One possible barrier is that a comprehensive, standardized protocol for evaluating dental hygiene work does not exist. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to generate a valid and reliable observational protocol for the assessment of dental hygiene work. METHODS: An iterative process was used to establish and refine an ecologically valid video acquisition and observation protocol to assess key activities, tasks, and performance components of dental hygiene work. RESULTS: Good inter-rater reliability was achieved across all variables when the final coding scheme was completed by three independent raters. CONCLUSIONS: This work provides an exemplar of the process required to generate a comprehensive protocol for evaluating the work components of a particular job, and provides standardized nomenclature for use by scientists and practitioners interested in understanding and addressing the pervasive issue of work-related disorders in dental hygienists.
‘Work is a motivator in life’ Strategies in managing work participation among highly educated employees with depression
Authors: Lyhne Cecilie N. , Nielsen Claus V. , Kristiansen Sanne T. , Bjerrum Merete B.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Work participation among employees with depression is hampered due to cognitive impairments. Although studies show higher levels of work disability among people with a lower education, highly educated employees may encounter specific challenges in fulfilling their work role due to the cognitive impairments of depression, as they often perform cognitively demanding jobs. There is little knowledge about their challenges and opportunities with regard to work participation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how highly educated employees with depression manage work participation by focusing on their views on opportunities and challenges in fulfilling their work role. METHODS: Eight individual interviews with highly educated employees with depression were conducted. Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The analysis revealed four categories: struggling with acknowledging depression and disclosure; fear of being stigmatised at work; work is a motivator in life; and striving to fulfil the work role at the expense of private life activities. CONCLUSIONS: Highly educated employees with depression need guidance regarding the disclosure of information about health issues and work ability. To successfully manage their work role, they need a clear plan with outlined tasks, demands and goals. Healthcare professionals and workplaces should support them in setting limits with regard to work tasks and working hours.