bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are Prophylactic Antibiotics Necessary in Primarily Closed Lacerated Wounds?
Authors: Quraishi Dr. Faheem , Quraishi Dr. Iram , Quraishi Dr. A.G. , Momin Dr. Kashif
Published: September 2021

Objective: The objective of present study was to find if antibiotics really benefit in preventing infection in lacerations anywhere in body, provided copious irrigation & meticulous surgical debridement is performed. Also, when wounds are contaminated. The study also took into consideration effect of length & depth of wound on wound infection.
Methods: This longitudinal study was performed between November 2016 to June 2021 at Orthocare accident hospital & research center, India. Patients were allocated in two groups. Patients in Group A(n=221) were those who have received oral Amoxicillin & Clavulanic acid for 7 days as per standard protocol21and Group B (n = 189) patients did not receive antibiotics as per protocol in previous studies17. infection rate was measured in both group & measured outcome was analyzed with SPSS version 20, IBM. Categorical data was presented as percentages and analyzed with Chi square or Fisher Exact test.
Comparative analysis of the results using direct lateral interbody spondilodesis and transforaminal lumbar interbody spondilodesis in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine
Authors: Bokov A. E. , Bulkin A. A. , Kalinina S. Y. , Leontev A. V. , Mlyavykh S. G.
Published: September 2021

Introduction Various spondylodesis techniques are used in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine, but the benefits of these techniques have not been proven.

Objective of the study was to assess the effect of the type of fusion on the incidence of implant instability and related revision surgeries.

Material and Methods This monocentric prospective study included 133 patients with degenerative stenosis of the lumbar spine and confirmed instability of spinal motion segments. Patients underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with a single cage or direct lateral interbody fusion (DLIF) using standard-sized cages. The conventional open technique was used to supplement TLIF with pedicle screws while percutaneous screw placement was applied in patients treated with DLIF. The duration of follow-up was 18 months. Fisher's exact test was used to assess differences in the incidence of fixator instability based on MSCT and revision interventions. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between potential risk factors and complication rates.

Results The use of DLIF detected by MSCT (32.9 vs 3.6%, p < 0.0001) resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of screw instability and associated revision interventions (11.8 vs 0%, p = 0.0122). The results of logistic regression, taking into account factors such as bone density and the number of levels at which spondylodesis was performed, confirm the relationship between the reduced incidence of complications and the use of DLIF technology. Conclusion Using DLIF instead of TLIF in patients with degenerative stenosis at the lumbar spine level can lead to a significant reduction in the frequency of screw instability and associated revision surgeries.
Analysis of the influence parameters spine-pelvic balance on the risk of development degeneration and degenerative disease of adjacent segments after lumbar spine rigid fixation
Authors: Spiridonov A. V. , Pestryakov Yu. Ya. , Kalinin A. A. , Byvaltsev V. A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction An increase in the load on adjacent segments causes changes in the parameters of the spinal-pelvic balance and, as a consequence, the development of the so-called biomechanical «stress». Such pressures are a key link in the pathogenesis of degeneration, and in the presence of clinical and neurological manifestations of the latter and adjacent segment degenerative disease (ASD/ASDd).

Objective of this study was to assess the effect of the parameters of the spinal pelvic balance on the risk of developing ASD/ASDd after dorsal decompression-stabilizing interventions (DDSI).

Material and Methods The study included medical records of patients who underwent DDSI for lumbar spine degenerative diseases. Clinical and instrumental parameters were assessed.

Results Based on the inclusion criteria, 98 patients (48 with signs of ASD/ASDd and 50 without) were included in the study. The average postoperative follow-up period for the respondents was 46.6 ± 9.8 months. If PI/ LL parameters were <10 and the ratio of segmental and global lumbar lordosis (LIV-SI/LI-SI) was 50% or more, the incidence of ASD/ASDd was significantly lower in patients who underwent rigid lumbar stabilization surgery.

Conclusion The values of PI/LL parameters and the ratio of segmental and global lumbar lordosis are obvious risk factors for the development of ASD/ASDd after rigid lumbar spine DDSI.
Cu(I) removal using mesoporous silica (UGM-triamin)
Authors: SALAZAR-HERNÁNDEZ Mercedes , ELORZA-RODRÍGUEZ Enrique , MENDOZA-MIRANDA Juan Manuel , ALVARADO-MONTALVO Lucia G.
Published: September 2021

This paper shows the syntheses and use of hybrid porous silica materials (UGM-triamin) in the adsorption of Cu (I) of the cyanidation effluents of gold and silver. Studies of adsorption of Cu (I) in synthetic solutions of Cu-CN a pH of 11 and at a concentration ratio of 1: 5 Cu: CN, simulating the effluents of cyanide process gold and silver ores, showed maximum adsorption capacity of 7.54 mg of Cu (I) per gram of material and favorable adsorption according to the Langmuir model (RL of 0.31 to 0.41). The evaluation of the adsorption capacity of the material with real solutions of cyanide, showed 95% removal of copper in the effluent cyanide and 68.5% selectivity for the adsorption of copper. It has been observed free cyanide destruction in the system during adsorption of copper, so that the oxidation of free cyanide may be linked to the mechanism of adsorption of copper.
Failure in a pipe due to defective maintenance
Authors: SALGADO-LÓPEZ Juan Manuel , OJEDA-ELIZARRARAS José Luis , LOPEZ-MONROY Francisco Ignacio , TELLO-RICO Mauricio
Published: September 2021

Proper maintenance of energy transport pipelines is a part of energy efficiency since energy losses during transport are reduced with good maintenance practices as well as the mechanical integrity can be known. Moreover, it reduces the risk of accidents or environmental damage. This work is an example of the experiences that must be taken into account for optimal pipeline maintenance and consisted of a failure analysis performed on a 20-inch diameter "T" connection, which plays an important role in the energy transportation process and it was found to be partially buried with exposure to rainwater. Preventive maintenance consists of visual inspection, cleaning, and coating with paint. The results indicated that the failure begun due to fatigue with origin in weld defects and the fracture grew up due to an overload, which caused the crack to grow following the region of the material with loss of thickness induced by corrosion pitting.
Virtual learning environments for digital electronics using augmented reality
Authors: DELGADO-GUERRERO Sergio Humberto , LOPEZ-ÁLVAREZ Yadira Fabiola , JARA-RUÍZ Ricardo , GALLEGOS-RAMÍREZ José Luis
Published: September 2021

The 2020 pandemic represents another challenge for universities concerned with guaranteeing Educational Quality and the training of their graduates, which must be in accordance with the demands of the current global labor market. Distance Education, one year after becoming the global resource, has become monotonous and routine for many students. At the same time, augmented reality has become more accessible in many ways and represents a viable option that complements learning environments in a motivating way. Its application in education has been reported with success in various disciplinary areas and its advantages are listed in various investigations. In this work, a methodology for the development of virtual learning environments through augmented reality is reported, which can be developed and applied in any subject of higher education, with which it is presumed that AR can be a tool of general application for the creation of innovative learning objects and environments that improve learning outcomes.
Removal of hexavalent chromium from graphene oxide supported on a cellulose acetate and polyacrylic acid membrane
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-MÁRQUEZ Juan , FUENTES-RAMÍREZ Rosalba , GAMIÑO-ARROYO Zeferino
Published: September 2021

This work focused on the study of the hexavalent chromium removal process from graphene oxide supported on a cross-linked cellulose acetate and polyacrylic acid polymeric membrane. The membranes were synthesized by the phase inversion method and Graphene oxide was added in proportions of 1% by weight to the polymeric material. Graphene oxide was obtained from crystalline graphite (Electron Microscope Science, No. 70230). The graphite was oxidized using the improved method of Hummers. The characterization of polymer and graphene oxide was made by Raman spectroscopy. The surface charge and point of zero charge of the materials were evaluated using a potentiometric titration method proposed by Loskutov and Kuzin. The removal of Cr (VI) was studied as a function of contact time and of initial concentration of Cr (VI). The removal of Cr (VI) (~90%) mainly occurs in a contact time from 32 to 64 h when the initial concentration of Cr (VI) is 1 mg/L.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ ДОСВІД ОСМИСЛЕННЯ ЦІННОСТЕЙ У СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКОМУ ВИМІРІ
Authors: Кучерук О.
Published: September 2021

У статті аналізується зарубіжний та вітчизняний теоретико-методологічний досвід осмислення цінностей в соціально-філософському дискурсі. Об’єктом дослідження є проблема цінностей у соціально-філософському вимірі. Предметом дослідження постає розгляд розвитку та трансформації цінностей і ціннісного компоненту світовідчуття в теоретичній традиції зарубіжних мислителів та авангардних розвідках вітчизняних науковців. У соціально-філософський ретроспективі осмислення цінностей доповнюється розглядом понять: "планування реальності" (автор?), "абсолютна повнота буття" (автор?) тощо з урахуванням напрацювань аксіологічних розвідок. В сучасному інформаційному просторі поняття цінність розглядається як одиниця виміру "екзистенційної дійсності". Цінність розглядається як фундаментальна світоглядна підвалина людського буття, в тому числі в умовах сучасних техногенних, екологічних, міграційних тощо викликів.
Також досліджуються шляхи формування ціннісного компоненту світовідчуття в сучасному вітчизняному соціальному просторі, з метою подальшого пошуку механізмів формування нової ціннісної основи соціальної злагоди та компромісу. Здійснено звернення до розгляду стану пострадянської соціальної дійсності в умовах дії радикальних соціально-культурних трансформаційних сценаріїв, коли значна кількість сучасників переживала певний культурний шок. Звернуто увагу на об’єктивні соціально-історичні труднощі, котрі стають на заваді формуванню нової вітчизняної ціннісної моделі поведінки індивіда в умовах соціальної трансформації. Ми указуємо, що сучасні соціальні умови буття потребують розробки, популяризації адекватної системи цінностей в символічному виробництві та обміні для досягнення стану соціальної рівноваги та гармонії.
Стаття є спробою осмислити цінності, ціннісні орієнтири, взірці поведінки на міждисциплінарному рівні з урахуванням всіх тих трансформаційних тенденцій та зрушень, що мають місце в сучасному глобалізованому світі та у вітчизняний соціально-політичній та соціально-культурній реальності.
МІФОТВОРЕННЯ ЗАСОБАМИ РЕКЛАМИ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ ТА ІСТОРИКО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ ДИСКУРСИ
Authors: Слюсар М.
Published: September 2021

У статті досліджено явище міфотворення засобами реклами у філософському дискурсі ХХ століття, адже реклама є складовою багатьох соціальних процесів, вона впливає на формування думки та переживань сучасників, популяризуючи і поширючи міфологеми. Реклама постає як феномен, який є трансісторичним способом духовно-практичного освоєння людиною світу, соціальної реальності. У дослідженні проаналізовано праці філософів: Вальтера Беньяміна ("Бодлер", "Вулиця з одностороннім рухом"), Йогана Хейзинги ("Homo Ludens. Досвід визначення ігрового елемента культури", "Осінь Середньовіччя", Ролана Барта ("Міфології", "Риторика образу", "Рекламне повідомлення"), Умберто Еко ("Відсутність структури"). Показано, що В. Бельямін досліджував рекламу у площині урбаністичного наративу (міфізація рекламними засобами при символічному виробництві та обміні суспільства). У філософській спадщині Й. Гейзинги реклама розглядалася з точки зору задоволення неутилітарних потреб споживачів. Специфіку рекламного повідомлення проаналізовано на основі праць М. Маклюена, який вказав на відхід від раціонального сприйняття інформації через актуалізацію аудіовізуального способу її отримання, що спричинилося в результаті утвердження місця телебачення в медіапросторі. За працями Р. Барта розглянуто рекламу в двох формах: як повідомлення та зображення. Показано, що рекламне повідомлення, яке є денотативно-конотативною спонукою соціальної активності (тобто сприймаючи буквальний зміст як «купуйте!», націлює споживача одразу сприймати і друге – означуване значення з акцентом на знаково-образну систему рекламної комунікації), виступає інструментом міфізації (воно має на меті спонукання і характеризується двозначністю змісту). Візуальний рекламний код як об’єкт філософських розмислів У. Еко, на відміну від словесного образу характеризується неоднозначністю трактування і тому є простором для міфотворчості. Виокремлюючи у візуальній комунікації три рівні (іконічний, іконографічний та рівень тропів), треба вказати, що на кожному з них, навіть якщо це елементарне зображення рекламованого товару, є місце для інтерпретації побаченого через усталені культурно-історичні коди.
СОЦІАЛЬНІ ВИКЛИКИ ТА ЕТИЧНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ (ПІД ЧАС КАРАНТИНУ COVID-19 В УКРАЇНІ)
Authors: Рогожа М.
Published: September 2021

Здійснено аналіз зумовлених пандемією та новими соціальними викликами соціально-ціннісних та морально-етичних проблем, зокрема професійного спілкування і дистанційного навчання в університеті під час пандемії COVID-19 і карантину.

Технічні фактори (відсутність безперебійного Інтернет сполучення, комфортного місця для навчання, утрудненість доступу до індивідуальних якісних гаджетів тощо) є свідченням соціальної нерівності та соціальної несправедливості, загострених в умовах карантину та зумовлених рівнем доходів людей та місцем локації (в мешканців великих міст практично відсутня проблема доступу до Інтернету, на відміну від мешканців невеликих міст та проживаючих у сільській місцевості).

Звернуто увагу, що дистанційне навчання редукує особистісний компонент взаємодії викладача зі студентами, сприяючи багатьом негативним моментам у спілкуванні та навчальній діяльності при взаємодії "викладач-студент". У статті визначено, що дистанційна освіта зменшує традиційний для університету особистий компонент спілкування викладача зі студентом як неминучий елемент морального виховання при інкультурації та соціалізації особистості. Чорний екран із вимкненою камерою і мікрофоном сприймається студентом як прояв академічної свободи і незалежності від "електронного синоптикуму" (З. Бауман), але він також звільняє його від відповідальності за інтелектуальну діяльність в аудиторії та не розвиває креативність і належні професійні якості у спілкуванні з викладачем та іншими студентами. Відсутність самодисципліни студента та його / її нездатність організувати особистий навчальний процес за допомогою самопримусу призводять до збільшення розриву між найкращими та найгіршими учнями Нестача самодисципліни здобувача вищої освіти веде до збільшення розриву між сильними і слабкими студентами, коли мова йде про їхні вольові якості, відповідальність та звернення уваги на феномен обов’язку в соціальному бутті, що не сприяє належній соціалізації та інкультурації молоді та ін. Проте указані проблеми стають на заваді отриманню якісної освіти, що становить значний суспільний ризик для українського суспільства.
Differenzerfahrungen und deren künstlerischer Ausdruck in Collagen. Am Beispiel Hannah Höchs
Authors: Staab Lena Marie
Published: September 2021

Was lässt sich (alles) unter Collage verstehen? Ein geklebtes Papierbild? Eine künstlerische Ausdrucksform? Eine Forschungsmethode? Theorien von Inklusion? Eine kunstpädagogische Haltung? Eine (Künstler:Innen-)Biographie? Dieses Buch? Innerhalb der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die (Kunst-)Geschichte der Collage machtkritisch untersucht; zudem wird Collage als künstlerisches, methodisches, epistemologisches und biographisches Prinzip theoretisiert und mit Fragen nach Differenz und Erfahrungen verbunden. Ausgehend vom theoretischen Gegenstand der Subjektivierung werden im empirischen Teil – mittels bild- und diskursanalytischer Verfahren – Biographie und Leben(swerk) der Berliner Dada-Künstlerin Hannah Höch (1889-1978) in Bezug auf mögliche Differenzerfahrungen untersucht. Somit begibt sich dieses Buch auf eine poststrukturale Spurensuche, um Folgendes zu fragen: Wie zeigen, konkretisieren, perspektivieren, materialisieren sich Differenzerfahrungen? Welche (intersektionalen) Differenzerfahrungen lassen sich in Hannah Höchs biographischen Dokumenten und der Collage „Lebensbild“ (1972/73) herausarbeiten? (DIPF/Orig.)
Recurrence relations for the sections of the generating series of the solution to the multidimensional difference equation
Authors: Lyapin A.P. , Akhtamova S.S.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we study the sections of the generating series for solutions to a linear multidimensional difference equation with constant coefficients and find recurrent relations for these sections. As a consequence, a multidimensional analogue of Moivre's theorem on the rationality of sections of the generating series depending on the form of the initial data of the Cauchy problem for a multidimensional difference equation is proved. For problems on the number of paths on an integer lattice, it is shown that the sections of their generating series represent the well-known sequences of polynomials (Fibonacci, Pell, etc.) with a suitable choice of steps.
Morpho-genetic variability of native and adventitious populations of the Brephulopsis cylindrica (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae)
Authors: Snegin E. A. , Adamova V. V. , Sichev A. A.
Published: September 2021

The population structure of the terrestrial mollusc Brephulopsis cylindrica (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Enidae) in the native area (Crimea Peninsula) and out of its borders (two adventive groups in the city of Belgorod) was studied on the basis of conchometric characteristics and analysis of polymorphic allozyme loci. For all the morphometric parameters statistically significant differences were found between the studied groups. In all studied populations a high level of intra-population genetic variability was revealed ( Fit = 0,401). At the same time, the considerable variability of the conchological parameters and the high level of allelic polymorphism at a number of loci identified in adventitious colonies create the prerequisites for successful adaptation to new conditions and further expansion of the species range in urbanized areas.
Morphofunctional State of the Maxillary Sinus Mucosa in Patients After Endoscopic Infundibulotomy
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor of The Department Otolaryngology and stomatology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Republic of Uzbekistan,, Abdukakharovich Djuraev Jamolbek , Ibrokhimovich Makhsitaliev Mukhammadbobur Ibrokhimovich, ,   Resident of Magistracy of The Department Otolaryngology and Stomatology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Republic of Uzbekistan,
Published: September 2021

The work carried out made it possible to substantiate the need to apply a method for studying the frequency of beating of cilia of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis when choosing treatment tactics in an ENT hospital. Analysis of the study of data on the functional and morphological state of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus allows us to judge the severity of the pathological process before surgery, which is the fundamental factor in the algorithm for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.
Study of Impact of Computer Vision in Detecting Human Emotions
Authors:   Technical Account Manager, Navvis Healthcare, St. Louis MO, 63021., Kumar Ravindra
Published: September 2021

Emotions play a powerful role in people's thinking and behaviors. Emotions act as a compulsion to take any action and can influence daily life decisions. Human facial expressions show humans share the same set of emotions. From the setting, the concept of emotion-sensing facial recognition was brought up. Humans have been working actively on computer vision algorithms, the algorithm will help determine the emotions of an individual and can determine the set of intentions accompanied by the emotions. The emotion-sensing facial expression computers are designed using data-centric skills in machine learning and can achieve their desired work by emotion identification and a set of intentions related to the emotion obtained.
Isotherms and Streamlines for 2D Lid Driven Square Cavity
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Balaji Institute of Technology & Science, Warangal, Telangana, India., Srinivas Garepally , Kumari A. V. Ramana ,   Department of Mathematics, Kamala Institute of Technology & Science, Singapuram, Karimnagar, Telangana, India., Vekamulla Narayana ,   Department of Mathematics, Balaji Institute of Technology & Science, Warangal, Telangana, India.
Published: September 2021

Analysis of lid driven square cavity flow of air with three different ranges of Ri and Re are analyzed using numerically. Adiabatic temperature is maintained at horizontal walls and isothermal temperature is established at the vertical walls in which the top wall is assumed to slide with a uniform speed. Finite volume method techniques have used to solve non dimensional governing equations. To visualize the flow and thermal characteristics, the control parameters, the Richardson number (Ri) and Reynolds number (Re) and in the range of 0.001 ≤ Ri ≤ 10 and 100 ≤ Re ≤ 400 are used for streamlines and isotherms.
Design Optimization of Composite Lay-up Sequence and Orientation to Achieve Minimum Weight for Racing Seat
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Kajale Pranali Yogesh
Published: September 2021

Composites have proved their usefulness in the automotive industry during recent years. Many automobile companies use them in different parts to reduce weight without hampering strength. In a composite material, Lay-up sequence and orientation highly affects the properties of the laminate. Therefore, it is important to perform design optimization on a component to achieve high strength in minimum weight. This paper deals with the optimization of lay-up for composite Racing Seat using finite element analysis. Different lay-up sequences for laminates including, cross-ply [0/90]n, angle-ply [±α]n, and [0/90/±α]n are analysed. The lay-up sequence, orientation and ply number are optimized using composite material carbon fibre/Epoxy. Driver’s ergonomics and impact sustainability are considered constraints for weight optimization. Driver’s ergonomics were based on 95th percentile male and 5th percentile female rule. Force analysis is performed on the seat according to SFI 39.2 to evaluate the strength requirement. Finite element analysis of composite racing seat is performed via commercial finite element code ANSYS and using the capabilities of ANSYS Composite PrepPost (ACP) to form desired composite lay-up. A finite element code is based on classical lamination theory; including Puck’s failure criterion for first-ply failure. The seat is divided into three portions with a different number of layers considering the values and specific nature of acting forces; which resulted in different thicknesses in different regions. The optimization results show that for all the angles of Angle-ply laminate considered, Angle-ply laminates with an angle of 45⁰ provides a more optimum design. The minimum weight obtained is 10.15 kg.
Operation of a piston pump with a hydraulic diode on injection
Authors: Kaygorodov S.Yu.
Published: September 2021

Operation of a piston pump with a hydraulic diode on injection
The results of the experimental study of the operation of a piston pump on the PGEMOD base with a hydraulic injection diode are presented.
Keywords: hydrodiode, pressure, piston pump.
Sergey7-2005@mail.ru
Determination of non!contact deformation of a material under the orbital action of an indenter
Authors:   Zaydes S.А. Fam Van An
Published: September 2021

The influence of kinematic loading schemes on the formation of an elastoplastic wave under the orbital action of an indenter is considered. A mathematical model of hardening is presented, which determines the size and stressstrain state of the wave. The loading parameters influencing the wave size are determined.
Keywords: kinematic diagram, orbital loading, deforming element, elastoplastic deformation, non-contact deformation, elastoplastic wave
zsa@istu.edu
Alocação ótima dos recursos hídricos em sistema no Alto curso do rio Piranhas - PB
Authors: Cabral Nepomuceno Thiago , Fadlo Curi Wilson , da Silva Santos Valterlin , Ramos Diniz Nepomuceno Tarciana
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo alocar de maneira otimizada água para o atendimento urbano e agrícola em um sistema de recursos hídricos que compreende dois reservatórios em série. Foi utilizado um modelo de otimização multiobjetivo, baseado em programação linear, para a alocação ótima de água em região do Alto curso do rio Piranhas - PB. Para melhor avaliar o sistema de estudo, foram selecionados dois cenários. O primeiro não considerou a contribuição das águas da transposição do rio São Francisco (Eixo Norte); já no segundo foi computada tal entrada. O período de operação foi de cento e vinte (120) meses, ou dez (10) anos. Após os procedimentos de modelagem foi verificado que o atendimento urbano foi realizado sem a ocorrência de falhas. Para a agricultura irrigada, o atendimento ao Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo apresentou falhas durante muitos meses. Com o aporte das águas do PISF, as respectivas falhas foram observadas apenas no final do período de operação.
Palavras-chave: Otimização. Programação linear. Recursos hídricos. Modelagem. Análise integrada. Abastecimento. Reservatórios.
Modelagem do macrossistema de coleta de esgotos de Fortaleza-CE
Authors: Porto Pereira Silvano , Barbosa Fernandes Laryssa , de Assis de Souza Filho Francisco , Lima Neto Iran Eduardo
Published: September 2021

Estudos de campo e simulações computacionais do sistema de macro coleta de esgoto de Fortaleza-CE, integrando-se o SWMM ao QGIS, foram realizados com o intuito de investigar o comportamento hidrológico-hidráulico do Interceptor Leste (IL), sob diversas condições de operação. Os resultados mostraram que somente em um cenário de funcionamento ideal, sem interferência de assoreamento nem infiltração de águas pluviais, o IL seria capaz de suportar as suas vazões de alimentação. Já em um cenário com presença de trechos assoreados, o IL passaria a trabalhar sob condição de conduto forçado na maior parte dos trechos, apresentando pontos críticos de extravasamento. A ocorrência de velocidades inferiores a 1,0 m/s foi apontada como uma possível causa para o assoreamento. No entanto, simulações indicaram que a retirada de barreiras de sedimento seria suficiente para eliminar os extravasamentos. Avaliando-se a interferência de infiltrações de águas pluviais no IL, observou-se que o mesmo teria capacidade para suportar intensidades de chuva inferiores a 10 mm/h, desde que não mais que 5% da área das sub-bacias contribuísse para o interceptor. Essas simulações resultaram em contribuições pluviais parasitárias de até 80 L/(s.km), sendo este valor substancialmente superior ao valor de 6 L/(s.km) recomendado pela ABNT. Investigou-se ainda o impacto combinado da deposição de sedimento com a infiltração de águas pluviais, resultando em um aumento nos extravasamentos em relação aos cenários anteriores. Finalmente, simulações considerando várias possibilidades de retirada de barreiras de sedimento mostraram que essa medida por si só não seria suficiente para eliminar os extravasamentos na região.
Palavras-chave: Drenagem urbana. Esgotamento sanitário. Modelagem hidrológica-hidráulica. QGIS. SWMM.
Defining work-zones for resource allocation in Hong Kong public housing project construction using heuristic rules and operations simulation
Authors: Lin Zilu , Siu Francis , Chan Daniel , Lau Daniel
Published: September 2021

In Hong Kong, 6-day construction cycle always being used for constructing one typical floor of concrete building superstructure in a week. Work-zones are defined in the working platform for better allocation of limited resources. Once the work-zones are defined, the resources (labour, plant, materials) will be allocated to a specific zone to deliver the works on a particular day of the 6-day construction cycle. In practice, the definition of work-zone is dependent on the experience of project manager. Yet, there is no past research studied the evaluation of work-zone definition schemes. As such, in this research study, three heuristic rules are proposed for choosing better scheme of work-zone. The heuristic rules are based on (i) lengths of work-zone dividing line, (ii) fluctuations of daily duration, and (iii) utilisation rates of resource. To illustrate the steps of evaluating the scheme, an illustrative example is given. To illustrate the method application of the rules, a practical case study of constructing a 40-storey housing is given. The proposed rules were verified based on sensitivity analysis and expert validation. Conclusions are drawn by expressing the contributions and limitations of the proposed rules, followed by suggesting future research works.
Effect of Moisture Content on the Angle of Repose and Coefficient of Kinetic Friction of Sago Trunk (Metroxylon spp.)
Authors: Wan Azman Wan Mohd Fariz Bin , Shamsudin Rosnah Binti , Mohd Nor Mohd Zuhair Bin , Hamzah Azman Bin
Published: September 2021

Starch is one of the food sources that can be extracted from cereals, roots, tubers and stem. Sago palm (metroxylon spp.) is one example of the starch source. The efficiency of the starch extraction process depends on the mechanical properties of process material. This study was conducted to determine the angle of repose between grated sago and kinetic friction of the contact surface between process material and machine. The angle of repose (θ) of grated sago was determined by using a cone shape hopper attached to an adjustable height bar. The cone was filled with a 100g sample of grated sago and slowly adjusted to an upward direction to release the grated sago and will form a conical shape. The cone shape base diameter and height were measured. Next, a square block of debarked sago trunk (8cm × 8cm × 8cm) was placed on a stainless steel plate and attached to a rope at middle connected to force gauges. The pulling speed was at 1.27 mm/min and the result of total pulling load (F) was recorded. The process was repeated for materials with different moisture content (MC) of 60%, 50%, 40%, and 30%. Based on the experimental results, the angle of repose (AoR= 47.000±0.31) and coefficient of kinetic friction (μ k) 0.88±0.005 at MC= 60% showed decrease in value (AoR= 43.610±0.34; μ k = 0.83±0.002) when the MC decrease by 30% (P<0.01).
Dental Anxiety among Undergraduate Students of a National University in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Tan Zhi Qi , Nurul Sa'idah Ishak , Abdul Rahman Hanif , Dhaliwal Jagjit Singh
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to investigate the nature of dental anxiety among undergraduate students of a national university in Brunei Darussalam. Participants were undergraduate students from different faculties of a national university. It was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire that included their personal demographics, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questions and questions regarding their last dental visit. The degree of anxiety was compared in relation to different factors as mentioned above. Data collected was analyzed using independent t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results showed that the frequency of dental anxiety among the undergraduate students was 70.8%. The mean total MDAS score was 12.3 ± 4.28. Females (13.5±5.12) were more dentally anxious than males (12.2±4.73) (p=0.027). There was a significant difference in the mean MDAS score (p < 0.001) when comparing patterns of dental visits with dental anxiety. More students were fearful of local anesthetic injection than getting tooth drilled. (4) Conclusion: Dental anxiety still remains as one of the obstacles that clinicians face. More studies need to be done to provide a better understanding on how dental anxiety can affect the pattern of dental visits. Future studies should explore the etiology of dental anxiety. This study helps to create awareness on the presence of dental anxiety amongst the existent population group and also to aid clinicians in identifying areas of dentistry where patients are most anxious about in order to come up with a suitable treatment plan.
Traditional and complementary medicine use in patients with type 2 diabetes: Findings from a multicenter cross-sectional questionnaire survey in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Wong Yieng Yii , Sulaiman Azizul Hakim , Mat Jaya Anis Aeida , Wan Pei Zan , Eh Wan Anchaya , Mohd Anuar Nurieshah Hanim , Selvaraju Rajkumar , Kua Kok Pim
Published: September 2021

Current global estimates of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) utilization range from 9.8% to 76%, with high rates of use being documented in Japan, South Korea, and Malaysia. Previous research has shown that patients with diabetes are more likely to use T&CM than individuals without diabetes. A multicenter cross-sectional survey of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was conducted at five primary care health clinics in Petaling district of Selangor, Malaysia from June 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020. A total of 476 patients were enrolled. 58.0% of men and 64.8% of women reported to use at least a type of T&CM. The prevalence of T&CM use among Malays, Chinese, and Indians was 71.1%, 33.3%, and 62.9% respectively. The most commonly used T&CM were herbal remedies (45.2%), followed by nutritional supplements (9.9%). 80.0% of the patients would follow their doctor’s instruction if the doctor asked them not to use T&CM, whereas 70.2% would consult their doctor about using T&CM. Factors associated with higher tendency for T&CM use comprised increased age, unemployed, oral antidiabetic monotherapy, presence of family history of diabetes, and coexisting chronic disease. T&CM therapies were common among multi-ethnic patient population with type 2 diabetes. The high rate of use warranted clinical attention and intervention to reduce the risk of drug-associated adverse events.
COVID-19 Vaccination during Pregnancy in Southeast Asia
Authors: Kwan Jia Ni , Loh Hong Chuan , Looi Irene
Published: September 2021

Southeast Asia is rapidly becoming the region hit hardest by coronavirus disease (COVID-19), as evidenced by the surging daily number of new confirmed cases and deaths. The COVID-19 crisis continues to worsen with the entry of the more transmissible variants of concern, primarily the Delta variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was first identified in India. Pregnant women are among the vulnerable population groups at risk of suffering from severe COVID-19 and may experience poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes due to the infection. Vaccination seems to be the most effective strategy to curb the pandemic and secondarily by social distancing, wearing face masks and practising hand hygiene. There has been limited yet reassuring evidence in support of vaccinating pregnant women against COVID-19. We sought to review the latest evidence regarding the safety, immunogenicity and reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women as well as the recommendations and guidance provided by the public health authorities in the countries in Southeast Asia.
A kinetic model of beta-adrenergic control in cardiac myocytes
Authors: Fong Shelley , Saucerman Jeffrey J.
Published: September 2021

The system of equations and figures presented in Saucerman et al. (2003) are verified and reproduced in this paper's curation effort. These checks are performed in MATLAB. With some parameter additions and modifications, we can reproduce all figures with small mismatches.
The Effect of A Proposed Apparatus for Developing Motor Speed in Volleyball Players
Authors: Aied Mohammed Khairulla , Abdul Ilah Maher
Published: September 2021

Through the researchers’ observation of volleyball players’ motor response training especially that of Al Jaish Sport Club, they found that most training were traditional and do not depend on modern updated equipment. The aim of this research was to design an apparatus for developing a motor response in volleyball players. The subjects were (7) volleyball players from Al Jaish sport club and after applying a group of exercises the results showed that using the proposed apparatus has a positive effect on developing motor response speed in the subject under study.
Constructing and Standardizing Compound Tests (Physical _ Skill) According to Phosphate Energy System for National Center for Gifted in Handball Players aged (15 – 17) Years Old
Authors: Eqab Mustafa Essa , Mahdi Hamid Saleh
Published: September 2021

The research aim at constructing and standardizing compound tests (skill – physical) according to the phosphate energy system for the national center for gifted handball players aged (15 – 17) years old. The researchers used the descriptive method on (60) handball players from the national center for gifted in handball. Four tests were selected and a pilot study was conducted followed by the tests and the data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that compound tests give a realistic evaluation for handball performance. Finally, the researcher recommended using these tests on regular bases for players’ selection as well as making other tests on other abilities and skills.
Overlapping Decentralized Controller Design for Descriptor-type Systems with Distributed Time-delay
Authors: Iftar Altug
Published: September 2021

Decentralized controller design using overlapping decompositions is considered for descriptor-type systems with distributed time-delay. The approach is based on the principle of extension. In this approach, a given large-scale system is decomposed overlappingly into a number of subsystems and expanded such that the overlapping parts appear as disjoint. A decentralized controller is then designed for the expanded system. This controller is then contracted for implementation on the original system. It is shown that if the decentralized controllers are designed to stabilize the expanded system and to achieve certain performance, then the contracted controller, which would have an overlapping decentralized structure, will stabilize the original system and will achieve corresponding performance
Puunkorjuuyrittäjien ja -työntekijöiden työn vaatimukset ja koettu työkyky metsätoimialan rakennemuutoksessa
Authors: Pursio Hannu , Siukola Anna , Savinainen Minna , Nygård Clas-Håkan
Published: September 2021

Metsätoimialan rakennemuutoksessa puunkorjuutyö on organisoitunut laajavastuiseksi palveluliiketoiminnaksi, ja työn sisältö sekä vaatimukset ovat muuttuneet. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää puunkorjuun ammattihenkilöiden työn vaatimusten yhteyttä koettuun työkykyyn. Sähköiseen kyselytutkimukseen osallistui 322 henkilöä, joista 87 oli metsäkoneyrittäjiä ja 235 metsäkoneenkuljettajia. Analyysimenetelminä olivat Mann-Whitney U -testi, eksploratiivinen faktorianalyysi ja logistinen regressioanalyysi. Työkykyä arvioitiin seuraavilla kolmella kysymyksellä: Minkä pistemäärän annat työkyvyllesi tällä hetkellä verrattuna elinikäiseen parhaimpaan? Millaiseksi arvioit työkykysi työn henkisten vaatimusten kannalta? Millaiseksi arvioit työkykysi työn ruumiillisten vaatimusten kannalta? Tutkimuksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä oli työn vaatimukset ja voimavarat -malli. Tutkimukseen osallistuneista runsaalla kolmanneksella työtehtävät olivat muuttuneet viimeisen kolmen vuoden aikana. Myönteinen muutoskokemus oli yhteydessä hyvään työkykyyn. Tulosten mukaan työn kuormittavuuden ja epävarmuuden sekä tehokkuusvaatimusten ja vastuiden lisääntyminen lisäsivät heikentyneeksi koetun työkyvyn todennäköisyyttä. Työn ja yritysten toimintaympäristön muuttuessa ovat työn vaatimusten ennakointi ja tunnistaminen sekä työn yhteistoiminnallinen kehittäminen perustellusti työkyvyn tukemisen painopistealueita.
Serendipisyyskokemuksia asiantuntijatyössä
Authors: Toivanen Minna , Känsälä Marja , Kalliomäki-Levanto Tiina
Published: September 2021

Työssä voi kohdata monenlaisia yhteensattumia. Toisinaan nuo sattumukset ovat todellisia onnenpotkuja, toisinaan niiden merkitys on pienempi, mutta ne voivat silti olla hyödyllisiä tai merkityksellisiä. Nämä onnekkaat sattumat eli sattumalöydökset ovat serendipisyyskokemuksia. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää 1) millaisia sattumanvaraisia havaintoja asiantuntija­ työssä kohdataan, 2) missä sattumanvaraisia havaintoja tehdään, 3) missä määrin nämä havainnot tapahtuvat digitaalisessa ympäristössä ja 4) millaisia arvokkaita asioita syntyy sattuman seurauksena. Tutkimuksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä toimii serendipisyyteen kohdistuva tutkimustraditio. Tutkimus pohjautuu kolmentyyppiseen keväällä 2019 kerättyyn laadulliseen aineistoon: haastattelut, työpaja­aineisto ja kyselyn avovastaukset. Kaikkiaan aineistoista tunnistettiin 437 sattumaesimerkkiä. Sosiaalinen vuorovaikutus ja ihmisten kasvokkainen kohtaaminen omalla työpaikalla osoittautuivat keskeisimmiksi serendipisyyskokemusten paikoiksi asiantuntijatyössä. Onnekkaitten löytöjen kautta syntyi sekä pieniä oivalluksia omaan työhön, kuten ohjelman tai sovelluksen uusia käyttötapoja, että merkittäviä tiedettä tai oman työpaikan toimintaa edistäviä havaintoja tai ratkaisuja. Tutkimus osoitti, että serendipisyys ei ole harvinainen ilmiö vaan ennemminkin luonnollinen ja olennainen osa asiantuntijatyötä.
Best Practices of Oil and Gas Companies to Develop Gas Fields on the Arctic Shelf
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, BRODT Luiza E.
Published: September 2021

The development of the hydrocarbon potential of the Arctic shelf is one of the priority tasks for Russia, forming the conditions for its strategic presence in the region. Russia's official energy documents stipulate the need to increase oil and gas production in the Arctic, including offshore production, to ensure the stable operation of the country's oil and gas complex in the long term. However, the development of hydrocarbon fields on the Arctic shelf is a serious technological challenge for the domestic oil and gas in-dustry. While offshore oil production in the Russian Arctic is already underway, natural gas production remains a promising future target. The article analyses the current gas projects on the Arctic shelf in terms of their technological complexity and unique solutions, and the strategies of operators to attract foreign participants to the project. We consider these in the contexts of technological issues, organizational features, securing foreign investment. The author believes that the provisions and conclusions of this study will help add to the comprehensive picture of the foreign oil and gas companies experience engaged in natural gas production on the Arctic shelf, which will minimise the errors and risks in the development of hydrocarbon resources on the Russian Arctic seas shelf.
Comparative evaluation of echocardiographic characteristics of the heart left ventricle in female and male rats
Authors: Ionova E. O. , Barchukova E. I. , Vititnova M. B. , Tsorin I. B. , Kryzhanovskii S. A.
Published: September 2021

The aim of the present study is a comparative assessment of the echocardiographic characteristics in female and male mongrel rats. In experiments on anesthetized rats (ketamine 100 mg / kg, iv), it was shown that in female rats, the size and volume of the left ventricle are smaller than in males, but compared with males, their left ventricular ejection fraction, which characterizes its inotropic function, is statistically significantly higher.
Development and validation of the method for the quantitative determination of methotrexate in a transport medium by HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Mylnikov P. Yu. , Tranova Yu. , Shchulkin A. V. , Yakusheva E. N.
Published: September 2021

Relevance. BCRP is an efflux transporter protein that plays an important role in the pharmacokinetics of a wide range of drugs. The BCRP activity in vitro experiments is assessed by the transport of transporter protein substrates (methotrexate, etc.) across the bilipid membrane of cells overexpressingBCRP, for example, Caco-2 cells. The aim is to develop and validate a method for the quantitative determination of the BCRP substrate, methotrexate, in the transport medium of Caco-2 cells by HPLC-MS/MS. Methods. The work was performed on an Ultimate 3000 HPLC chromatograph (ThermoFisher, USA) with a TSQ Fortis tandem mass-selective detector (ThermoFisher, USA). The conditions of chromatographic analysis were as follows: column UCT Selectra C18 4.6 mm * 100 mm 5um, 100A, Selectra C18 Guard Cartridges SLC-18GDC46-5UM, separation temperature 35 °С, flow rate 0.3 ml/min, injected sample volume - 2 μl, analysis time - 10 min. Used a gradient elution: the ratio of the solution of 0.1 % formic acid and acetonitrile was at 0 min 75 and 25 %; 0.4 min 60 and 40 %; 6 minutes 20 and 80 %; 8 minutes 75 and 25 %. Under these conditions, the retention time of methotrexate is 3.11 minutes. Detection conditions: methotrexate - positive ionization mode, 455.15 m / z → 308.125 m / z, collision energy 22.99 V, source fragmentation 5, CID gas pressure 2 mTorr. The extraction of methotrexate from the transport medium (Hanks solution with 25 mM Hepes and 1% dimethyl sulfoxide) after incubation with Caco-2 cells for 3 h was carried out with a mixture of methanol + water in a ratio of 1: 1. Results. The developed method was validated according to the following parameters: selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantitative determination, sample transfer, sample stability. The confirmed analytical range of the method was 60 -10,000 nmol / L in the transport medium. Conclusions: a method for the quantitative determination of methotrexate in the transport medium of Caco-2 cells by HPLC-MS / MS was developed and validated.