bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human evolution and culture in relationship to shame in the parenting role: Implications for psychology and psychotherapy
Authors: Kirby James N. , Sampson Hayley , Day Jamin , Hayes Alan , Gilbert Paul
Published: April 2019

Objectives

There is considerable evidence that early parenting has profound effects on a range of physiological and psychological maturation processes. Furthermore, psychotherapy often addresses some of the distortions and developmental difficulties that have arisen from early childhood. While research has focused on obvious candidates such as abuse and neglect, this paper reviews some of the core themes related to a less investigated area, specifically parental shame on child development. Role shame sensitive parenting styles will be explored against an evolutionary background that contrasts early human and modern human rearing contexts. We also outline a study examining the role of shame in psychological controlling and dysfunctional parenting styles, its relationship to different dimensions of shame and fears of compassion.

Design

An online survey was conducted containing self‐report measures of dysfunctional parenting styles, three dimensions of shame (external, internal, and reflected), fears of compassion, mental health indices, and a measure of psychological flexibility.

Methods

An online survey was accessed by 333 parents (306 being female) with a child between the ages of 3–9 years.

Results

Two hierarchical multiple regressions indicated support for our two primary hypotheses, with shame explaining significant variance in both psychological controlling and dysfunctional parenting styles over and above that explained by psychological inflexibility, parental mental health, and fears of compassion. Additionally, results from standard multiple regressions indicated that fears of compassion account for significant variance in external shame, as well as internal and reflected shame.

Conclusions

Recommendations for future research include focusing on parental motivation in order to help support parents and children are provided.

Practitioner points

Shame is a major factor for how parents engage in parenting practices and respond to their children

Practitioners need to be sensitive to the shame parents can experience and asses for it

Assessing shame‐threat in parenting and shifting to compassionate motivation can lead to more responsive and positive parenting
Building an integrative science for psychotherapy for the 21st century: Preface and introduction
Authors: Gilbert Paul , Kirby James N.
Published: April 2019

Psychotherapy is plagued with fragmentation of models, theories, and interventions. The future of psychotherapy requires an integrative framework rooted in the expanding science of psychology, neuroscience, and social contextualism. The papers in this special issue address these challenges for psychotherapy, ranging from explorations of the implications of epigenetics, evolutionary functional analysis, interpersonal neurobiology, the importance of social relationships as physiological regulators, through to the challenges of ethnic diversities and the growing digital technologies.

Practitioner points

As therapists, we should be aware of the challenges posed by the proliferating ‘schools of therapy’ and consider commonalities rooted in a scientific understanding of the mind.

The science of understanding the causes, alleviation, and prevention of mental health problems is increasingly multidimensional taking into consideration the interactions between biological, psychological and social processes and in the process dissolving the boundaries between different schools of psychotherapy.
Pressure gradients, laboratory changes, and outcomes with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in pediatric portal hypertension
Authors: Slowik Voytek , Monroe Eric J. , Friedman Seth D. , Hsu Evelyn K. , Horslen Simon
Published: April 2019

Introduction

Indications for TIPS are well described in adults and involve complications of PHTN. Complications from PHTN are associated with PSG of > 12 mm Hg in adults. It is unclear if these parameters apply to children with PHTN.

Objective

To assess whether adult criteria for TIPS placement can be utilized in children, describe laboratory changes over time, and report outcomes.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of 34 pediatric patients who underwent TIPS, examining indications, radiology, PSG reductions, laboratory changes, and outcomes.

Results

Most patients had PHTN due to parenchymal liver disease including congenital hepatic fibrosis (n = 5), biliary atresia (n = 5), cystic fibrosis–related liver disease (n = 3) and cavernous transformation of the portal vein (n = 6). Indications for TIPS included variceal bleeding, recurrent ascites, and maintenance of portal vein flow following thrombolysis. Variceal bleeding was observed in six children with PSG < 12 mm Hg. Minor complications occurred in eight subjects. Continued bleeding occurred in one patient. Six patients were successfully bridged to transplantation, and three patients died secondary to end‐stage disease. Standard laboratory tests stabilized after TIPS placement and hematocrit increased.

Conclusion

TIPS placement in pediatric patients was performed for complications of PHTN. Unlike adult series, a substantial proportion of our cases treated extrahepatic PHTN from cavernous transformation of the portal vein. Children presented with sequelae of PHTN with PSG below 12 mm Hg, below the adult standard. We found TIPS in pediatrics to be safe and effective with laboratory stabilization and improvement in hematocrit.
Subjective well‐being and political participation: Empirical evidence from Ghana
Authors: Sulemana Iddisah , Agyapong Elijah
Published: April 2019

A large, extant literature examines the effect of political factors on individual subjective well‐being. These studies have treated political factors as a cause and subjective well‐being as an effect. A sparse but growing literature now advances the argument that subjective well‐being is a cause and voting or political participation an effect. In this paper we examine whether subjective well‐being influences voting and political participation in Ghana. Using data from Wave 6 of the World Values Survey in Ghana, we find that subjective well‐being influences neither voting nor protest behavior.
Novel confocal Raman microscopy method to investigate hydration mechanisms in human skin
Authors: Wang Hequn , Zhang Qihong , Mao Guangru , Conroy Oscar , Pyatski Yelena , Fevola Michael J. , Cula Gabriela Oana , Maitra Prithwiraj , Mendelsohn Richard , Flach Carol R.
Published: April 2019

Background

Skin hydration is essential for maintaining stratum corneum (SC) flexibility and facilitating maturation events. Moisturizers contain multiple ingredients to maintain and improve skin hydration although a complete understanding of hydration mechanisms is lacking. The ability to differentiate the source of the hydration (water from the environment or deeper skin regions) upon application of product will aid in designing more efficacious formulations.

Materials and Methods

Novel confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) experiments allow us to investigate mechanisms and levels of hydration in the SC. Using deuterium oxide (D2O) as a probe permits the differentiation of endogenous water (H2O) from exogenous D2O. Following topical application of D2O, we first compare in vivo skin depth profiles with those obtained using ex vivo skin. Additional ex vivo experiments are conducted to quantify the kinetics of D2O diffusion in the epidermis by introducing D2O under the dermis.

Results

Relative D2O depth profiles from in vivo and ex vivo measurements compare well considering procedural and instrumental differences. Additional in vivo experiments where D2O was applied following topical glycerin application increased the longevity of D2O in the SC. Reproducible rates of D2O diffusion as a function of depth have been established for experiments where D2O is introduced under ex vivo skin.

Conclusion

Unique information regarding hydration mechanisms are obtained from CRM experiments using D2O as a probe. The source and relative rates of hydration can be delineated using ex vivo skin with D2O underneath. One can envision comparing these depth‐dependent rates in the presence and absence of topically applied hydrating agents to obtain mechanistic information.
Utilization of Bidens pilosa var. radiata (Sch. Bip.) Sherff integrated with water irrigation for paddy weed control and rice yield production
Authors: Poonpaiboonpipat Thanatsan , Poolkum Saiwaree
Published: April 2019

The application of allelopathic plant materials combined with an agricultural production method is a concept that can be used to manage weeds during rice production. This research investigated the effects of the utilization of Bidens pilosa var. radiata integrated with water irrigation for weed control and rice production. B. pilosa and water extract exerted more toxicity against Echinochloa crus‐galli than the extracted residue applied at the same rates, suggesting that weed control was caused by compounds extracted from B. pilosa. The changes in water properties after the application of B. pilosa were explored. Dissolved oxygen was rapidly reduced after application and then slowly increased within 3–5 days after application (DAA), while the pH also decreased at the early stage and then increased back to normal values within 1–3 DAA. Electrical conductivity increased with increasing rates of application, suggesting that allelochemicals were released from B. pilosa. The concept was studied under field conditions. B. pilosa was applied along with irrigation at 7 days after sowing (DAS) on a direct wet seed system. The results showed that application rates of 2, 4 and 6 tons ha−1 decreased the number of weeds by 52.16, 86.73 and 95.18% at 30 DAA and reduced dried weight of weeds by 17.65, 34.69 and 86.82%, respectively. The rice yield showed an increase of 72.73, 81.03 and 73.66% when compared with the nonweeded crop, while herbicide treatment increased by 84.68%. The findings demonstrate that the application of B. pilosa integrated with water irrigation was able to control weeds in a direct seeded rice production system.
RESTRICTION FACTORS TO IMPLEMENT SAFETY PRACTICES IN SMALL GRADE CONTRACTORS
Authors: Yusof Noorhayatie , Misnan Mohd. Saidin
Published: April 2019

This study was focused on small grade contractor in Malaysian construction industry. The total of small grade contractors in Malaysia registered by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) is higher and increases for every year. However, it is well known that construction project are exposed to accidents and injuries including of minor accidents, ergonomics problems, out dated machinery can cause the machine breakdown, and lack of awareness from employers and employees. The statistic of construction accidents is one of the critical sectors that need a huge and fast overhaul from the current site safety practices. Moreover, the safety practice in small grade contractors is too far to achieve the good safety performance in construction industry compare to large grade contractors. In this study, a semi-structured question was developed to identify the factors that affecting safety practice in small grade contractors. The data used in this study was collected through the interview with manager in small grade contractors, Site Safety Supervisor (SSS), and Safety and Health Officer (SHO). The finding of this paper was identified factors that influence safety practice in small grade contractors such as poor Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) management; small project value; financial constraint; lack of training and knowledge on safety management; high competition; lack of communication; unsatisfactory safety motivation; not exposed with good safety culture on site; the existing OSH framework is fragmented; difficult in contract acquirement; do not have SSS, SHO or safety person in charge; lack of OSH formal documentation; financial limitation and time constraints. The critical factors lack of safety practice which are financial limitation and lack of training and knowledge. In conclusion, small grade contractors faced for some factors that avoid them to implement safety practice in their companies.
THE KEY SUCCESS FACTOR OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM RE-IMPLEMENTATION IN TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD DISTRIBUTION, MALAYSIA: A CASE STUDY OF CHERAS TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD DISTRIBUTION STATION
Authors: Mat Yatim Fazilah , Majid Zulkepli , Amerudin Shahabuddin
Published: April 2019

Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) Distribution has embarked on the development of a Geographical Information System (GIS) since the year 2009. The scope of work is to map and digitize all TNB distribution electrical assets and to systematically establish the customer’s database. In this study, a review on the GIS implementation was carried out at Cheras TNB Distribution station. The low utilization of GIS contributes the most to the need of having the GIS reviewed. The aim of the study is to develop a revised strategy for a successful GIS re-implementation in TNB Distribution electrical network based on the results from the review process. Its objectives are to develop and evaluate strategize plan for the re-implementation based on GIS components after reviewing and analysing the existing implementation. Key success factor (KSF) is introduced to deliver a success GIS project re-implementation. Data from previous implementation, survey, workshop and feedback from user of TNB Cheras staff are used for references when developing the strategies. GIS components are capitalized to establish KSF criteria in order to measure the successfulness of the re-implementation. System Usability Scale (SUS) is used for interpreting the KSF outcome. The study is finally ended with the development and evaluation of the proposed strategize plan for the re-implementation of four GIS components which are System and Tools, Data, Business Process and User. The proposed strategy is used to determine the effectiveness of the re-implementation strategies and KSF in order to drive the future invasion of GIS application to other TNB Distribution stations in Malaysia.
MACROECONOMIC IMPACT ON THE EXCESS RETURNS OF ASIAN REITS
Authors: Victor Elsa Sapphira , Razali Muhammad Najib
Published: April 2019

The increasing development all over the world gives the real estate industry an opportunity to thrive which includes the REITs sector. Since the establishment of J-REITs in 2001, it has been growing rapidly across Asia. The IMF report showed that Asia continues to be the main growth engine of the world and is projected to grow in years to come. However, investors still remain cautious when dealing with Asian REITs because the markets are not established yet. Previous studies have proved that Asian REITs is able to show competitive advantage in most of mixed-asset scenarios and have significant roles in improving efficient global REITs portfolio returns. Since real estate is an essential part of the economy, its returns are related to the macroeconomic factors such as inflation and GDP. Excess return is used to measure the risk-adjusted performance by measuring how much risk from the macroeconomic factors is involved in producing that return. Hence, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the macroeconomic factors impact on the excess returns of Asian REITs. The data are retrieved from previous researches. The macroeconomic factors that impacted the returns are long term interest rates, short term interest rates, inflation, gross domestic product, construction index, industrial production, money supply, exchange rates and consumption risk. The excess return is found to be a good performance measurement in order for the investors to evaluate the expected returns before making an investment decision.
THE SPATIAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF JACKFRUIT PEST AND DISEASES: A REVIEW
Authors: Md Sabtu Norraisha , Ishak Mohamad Hafis Izran , Idris Nurul Hawani
Published: April 2019

Jackfruit is identified as targeted produced for premium fruit and vegetable (EPP 7). Meanwhile in Johor, jackfruit is the third biggest fruit produced in 2016. Jackfruit contains a lot of benefits which certainly good for living things and have been used in various sector such as medicine, food, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant, antifungal effect, immunomodulatory effect and else. However, the existence of pests and diseases have threatened the productivity of jackfruit plant particularly in tropical countries including Malaysia. There are many factors that can affect the occurrence of pests and plant diseases of jackfruit such as shoot borers, bark borers, mealy bug and scale insects, blossoms and fruit rots and bacterial die-back. Several studies have been devoted to model the plant pests and diseases epidemiology, though the contexts that focus in tropical environment and jackfruit plant are limited. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss abiotic factors and spatial methods that have been used to define dispersal pattern and relationship between abiotic factors including major climatic variables with plant pests and diseases occurrence data, particularly in tropical climate. This paper could be used as a basis to understand the epidemiological models in combating pest and plant disease and to support towards the effective management of jackfruit pests and diseases in tropical countries, particularly Malaysia.
Analisis Isu-Isu Hukum Islam Berkaitan Wanita Dalam Fiqh Jihad Aliran Ekstremisme Agama
Authors: Abd Razak Muhd Imran , Ramli Mohd Anuar , Abdul Rahim Rahimin Affandi , Yusof @Salleh Muhammad Yusri , Hassan Paiz
Published: April 2019

The religious extremism ideology has gained the support of a small number of Muslim women. The increased participation of these groups is due to various internal and external factors. In regard of this, this study focuses on Islamic ruling issues related to the fiqh of women’s jihad in the doctrine of religious extremism, such as combatant and jihad marriage. This study applies the library approach by examining the materials of religious group extremism and classical also contemporary clerics discussing about the involvement of women in fiqh jihad. Qualitative data are collected and the content were analyzed based on deductive and comparative methods. The findings suggest that the religious extremism group uses a hard interpretation of Islamic ruling and is contrary to classical and contemporary clerics, for example in the issue of allowing women to take up arms as well as in the issue of jihad marriage that degrade women’s dignity.  As a result the victims who were involved directly or indirectly will be discriminated involved in sexual exploitation and tyranny. Hence, the approach of discourse that offers women-friendly fiqh is greatly needed
The Hybrid Nature of Sirah Nabawiyyah: An Analysis of Quranic Biography of Muhammad’s Early Lifeife
Authors: Azmi Ahmad Sanusi
Published: April 2019

Sirah materials have been deemed by modern scholars as a hybrid literature, a combination of biography, prophetology and hagiography. The authors of the sirah record the Prophet’s significance with admiration and clear devotion; but there is very little evidence of his early life and the narratives are recorded with reverence.  In the Quran itself, there is little evidence of Prophet Muḥammad’s early biography, with scarcely any details before the receiving of his first revelations around the age of forty. Even with the infrequency of its references, this condition cause no hinder to a Muslim. A complete biography of the Prophet’s life was produced completely equipped with its references from the Quran. The present study aims to explore the development of emerging number of Quranic verses that used as references for the narratives of the Prophet’s early life in sirah literature. It also seeks to analyze the nature of relationship between sirah and the Quran. The present study deals solely with texts. In order to attain the objectives of the research, textual analysis will be employed as a major tool in examining and exploring the sources The study in its findings argue that Quranization of the sirah account in the rationalist atmosphere of the ninth century drove some authors to refer to the Quran as a supportive mechanism, to strengthen and provide a solid ground for what they were saying about Prophet Muhammad.
Arabic Language In The Face Of Multiple Challenges In Nigeria: A Case Of Boko Haram Insurgency
Authors: Muhammed Salisu Alfa , Saleh Suleiman Muhammed
Published: April 2019

The introduction of Arabic Education in Nigeria is long before the advent of modern education system in the area. It is a known fact that the first medium of formal education was Arabic language. Although, Arabic has since been replaced by English language right from the colonial period as a means of education and general communication, but it is given a special attention in the Nigerian education system because of its historical antecedents and its relationship with Islam. However, there are numerous challenges militating against the teaching of Arabic language in Nigeria. Some of these challenges could be social, economic, political etc. Recently, the Boko Haram insurgency has contributed negatively to the development of Arabic language in Nigeria because of its direct effects on the Nigeria Arabic Language Village (NALV) Ngala, Borno State; an institution responsible for the cultural and language immersion for Arabic students in Nigerian Higher institutions. Therefore, this paper aims at evaluating the impact of this insurgency on the development of Arabic education in Nigeria. Qualitative method of data collection was used as the basic research tools for this work. The paper relied mainly on interview to ascertain some of the facts mention therein. Focus is on the effects of Boko Haram on Nigeria Arabic village and the spillover effects on Arabic language in Nigerian Universities.
Punca Kuasa dan Bidang Kuasa Pegawai Penguatkuasa Agama Islam Berkaitan Enakmen Kawalan Pengembangan Agama Bukan Islam Kepada Orang Islam di Malaysia
Authors: Yahya Zakaria , Samuri Mohd Al Adib
Published: April 2019

According to the provision under Article 11(1) of Federal Constitution, those who professing non-Islamic Religion can practice their belief freely, subject to the restriction that they cannot propagate their belief to Muslims. Meanwhile, Article 11(4) of Federal Constitution gave the authorization to the state in Malaysia to control or restrict the propagation of any religious doctrine or belief among Muslims. In relation to both provisions stated above, triggered an enactment on Controlling and Restricting the Propagation of Non-Islamic Religion to Muslims, which has been legislated since 1980 by the state of Terengganu, and then followed by other states in Malaysia. To date, after 37 years of legislation and introduction of the enactment, all states in Malaysia have gazetted this except Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Pulau Pinang, Sarawak, and Sabah. However, there were only seven out of ten states has gazetted the authority to their Islamic Enforcement Officers to execute the law. The purpose of this article is to give justification about the source of power and jurisdiction of the Islamic Enforcement Officer related to the said Enactment. From 2014 to 2017, twelve (12) Islamic Enforcement Officers has been interviewed structurally and non-structurally in order to obtain related information pertaining to this issue. This study revealed that the respondents (Islamic Enforcement Officers) were not aware about the existence of the said Enactment in their states as well as about the power and jurisdiction that are already in their possession, including when facing any cases in court against the non-Muslim accused. Therefore, the importance of this research is to empower the institution of justice in Malaysia in handling the issues of propagation of the non-Islamic Religion towards Muslims, in corresponding to limit the rights of propagating religion, as provided under the Federal Constitution.
Pasang Surut Hubungan Turki-Israel: Kajian terhadap Hubungan Dua Hala pada Era Erdoğan
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad Khalis , Mohd Nor Mohd Roslan
Published: April 2019

Turkey-Israel relations were established after the Second World War. However, the relations were fluctuating during Erdoğan era. This study focuses on Turkey-Israel bilateral relations during Erdoğan era by scrutinize on the fluctuation and factors that influence it. This study was conducted based on documentation method through content analysis and comparative analysis. During Erdoğan era, Strategic Depth doctrine became a basic principle for Turkey’s foreign policy. Changes of foreign policy from national security-based to more regional-based affected Turkey-Israel relations. At first, the relations were going well in trade, military, resources and diplomacy. However, some of Israel's violation towards universal values such as military operations in Gaza led its relations with Turkey to become tense. The peak of crisis reached as Israeli forces attacked Turkish Mavi Marmara ship which carrying humanitarian missions to Gaza. This study found that the fluctuation of Turkey-Israel relations was influenced by Turkey's and Israel’s domestics as well as regional factors, where regional factors played a major role in the pattern of the relations. Although Turkey-Israel relations have been restored through a peace treaty in 2016, crisis of relations may reoccur based on current developments. Turkey-Israel bilateral relations will continue to fluctuate along with future developments.
Estereotipos femeninos y preferencia de consumo
Authors: Velandia Morales Andrea , Rodríguez-Bailón Rosa
Published: April 2019

De acuerdo a la teoría del Sexismo Ambivalente (Glick y Fiske, 1996) existen estereotipos diferenciados de mujeres hacia los que los hombres manifiestan distintas actitudes. Entre los subtipos de mujeres destacan el ama de casa, la mujer sexy y la profesional. Mediante un estudio con 100 participantes se investigó la relación entre estos tres tipos de mujeres, su nivel de influencia y prestigio, y la preferencia por un producto (descrito en términos estereotípicamente masculinos y femeninos). Los resultados mostraron que la Mujer Sexy es más asociada a la Descripción Masculina, mientras que la Mujer Profesional lo es a la Descripción Femenina; el Ama de Casa es la menos asociada a las dos descripciones del producto. Se encontró también que la influencia y el prestigio median la relación entre los tres tipos de mujeres y la preferencia atribuida de cada una de ellas por el producto descrito en términos femeninos
Género y espacialidad: análisis de factores que condicionan la equidad en el espacio público urbano
Authors: Paramo Bernal Pablo , Burbano Arroyo Andrea Milena
Published: April 2019

Este artículo discute la investigación sobre género en el espacio público a través de tres perspectivas diferentes: las representaciones sociales y usos diferenciados del espacio, la división de roles en los espacios públicos y privados y la planeación urbana del espacio. El trabajo recoge y analiza algunos estudios que complementan el estado del arte y la literatura sobre las mujeres y el espacio en los que se da evidencia sobre la manera como las mujeres han sido segregadas del espacio público y son víctimas de las desigualdades de género. Ni el espacio público ni el género existen de forma absoluta, por el contrario, ambas categorías son construidas por el orden social y reproducidas por las prácticas sociales. Finalmente se dan algunas recomendaciones para la planeación y la investigación con el fin de contribuir a dar respuesta a las necesidades de las mujeres en el espacio público.
Actitudes ante situaciones de agravio. Un estudio comparativo entre oficiales de fuerzas de seguridad y estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Rodríguez Espínola Solange , Moreno José Eduardo
Published: April 2019

Se presenta un estudio comparativo entre personal de fuerzas de seguridad de la Argentina y estudiantes universitarios de psicología y abogacía acerca de las actitudes ante situaciones de agravio. La muestra comprendió a 476 sujetos. Se realizaron análisis multivariados de varianza y se observó que los oficiales de policía obtuvieron medias inferiores en las actitudes agresivas (p= 0.0001) y prosociales (p= 0.0001) y un promedio mayor en la dimensión pasividad (p= 0.0001). El incremento en cuanto a las actitudes pasivas y la menor puntuación en las actitudes agresivas en los oficiales se pueden atribuir al fuerte énfasis en la obediencia y el control de la agresividad que la institución promueve actualmente y que está presente en la formación.
Construyendo un sentido en común dentro del área de gestión de recursos humanos de un hospital universitario en Bogotá*
Authors: Pulido-Martínez Hernán Camilo , Carvajal-Marín Luz Mery
Published: April 2019

Alrededor del mundo, las organizaciones del sector salud se han tenido que adaptar a las prescripciones nacionales e internacionales que regulan tanto el trabajo como la salud. Este proceso ha sido acompañado de la introducción, en las áreas de recursos humanos, de conocimientos y prácticas guiadas por los principios provenientes de las Ciencias Sociales y Administrativas. En este encuentro entre las reformas liberales y las maneras de administrar la fuerza laboral, juegan un papel fundamental las significaciones que circulan en las organizaciones, puesto que de ellas depende, en gran medida, el éxito de agendas, programas e intervenciones dirigidas a la administración de los trabajadores. En este artículo, se presentan significaciones que están circulando acerca de trabajo, trabajador, organización, gestión humana y contratación, en un área de recursos humanos, compuesta por catorce trabajadores, de un hospital universitario en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia. El diseño cualitativo utilizado buscó recoger tanto las significaciones circulantes como su correlato emocional.
Preliminary validation of a brazilian version of the sport motivation scale
Authors: Bara Filho Mauricio , Andrade Débora , Miranda Renato , Núñez Juan L. , Martín-Albó José , Ribas Paulo Roberto
Published: April 2019

The Sport Motivation Scale was firstly developed in French and later translated into English and validated by Pelletier et al. (1995). It is based on the principles of self-determination theory. The present study translated the English version into Portuguese to access and validate it with Brazilian athletes using a sample of 419 athletes (127 women and 292 men) from ten sports. The Brazilian version of the scale showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency and temporal stability over a four-week period. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis partially supported the seven-factor structure. Finally, gender differences were found in all subscales. Taken together, these findings support the use of the Brazilian version of the scale for the assessment of motivation in sport.
Relación entre redes personales y calidad de vida en individuos desmovilizados del conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Amar Amar José , Abello Llanos Raimundo , Ávila-Toscano José Hernando , Madariaga Orozco Camilo
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este artículo fue identificar la existencia de relaciones significativas entre los indicadores estructurales y funcionales de las redes personales de individuos desmovilizados y sus niveles de calidad de vida física y psicológica. Se evaluaron 37 individuos residentes en una zona de distención militar en el Caribe Colombiano aplicando el SF-36 y el ASSIS en un estudio correlacional. Los datos se examinaron mediante Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) y cálculo estadístico con la t de Student y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Se observaron redes pequeñas, con altos niveles de insatisfacción frente al apoyo social y reducidos promedios de calidad de vida. Se registraron diferencias significativas en la percepción general de apoyo de las redes y la obtención objetiva de ayuda (p = 0.000), así como correlaciones entre los niveles de participación social en las redes y la vitalidad psicológica de los individuos
Type of sexual contact and precoital sexual experience in spanish adolescents
Authors: Bermúdez María Paz , Teva Inmaculada , Buela-Casal Gualberto
Published: April 2019

The aim of this study was to examine characterisctics of precoital sexual behaviors and types of sexual contact in adolescent. A representative sample of 4,456 Spanish high school students participated. These participants were selected by means of a stratified random sampling procedure. They completed a questionnaire about their sexual behaviour. It is a cross-sectional survey study. Differences according to age and gender in characteristics of sexual behaviour before the onset of sexual intercourse were found. Compared to females, males started non penetrative sexual experiences earlier, had a higher number of sexual partners and a higher percentage of males reported having had casual sexual partner. This study not only adds to knowledge about sexual behaviour before the initiation of sexual intercourse among adolescents, it also highlights the importance of developing sexual prevention strategies for young adolescents.
Los eventos privados: Del conductismo metodológico al interconductismo
Authors: Bueno Roberto
Published: April 2019

Como supuestos eventos sólo accesibles a un observador, los llamados eventos privados plantean un reto importante a la psicología conductista. El problema de los eventos privados fue abordado desde las tres variantes históricas del conductismo: el conductismo metodológico, el conductismo radical y el interconductismo. El argumento básico de las dos últimas perspectivas, y que las diferencia de la primera, es que los eventos privados están comprendidos en el marco de una ciencia objetiva de la conducta. El análisis de estas distintas posturas permite comprobar el gradual avance de la teoría de la conducta, en el tratamiento de este tema, hacia una visión enteramente monista.
Situación de las revistas iberoamericanas de Psicología en el Journal Citation Reports de 2010
Authors: Quevedo-Blasco Raúl , López López Wilson
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es mostrar el panorama actual de la visibilidad y popularidad de las revistas científicas de Psicología editadas en los países iberoamericanos, de acuerdo con la información del Journal Citation Reports (JCR) de 2010. En el estudio descriptivo realizado mediante análisis de documentos, se encontró que del total de las 18 revistas analizadas el 61.11 % (11) son españolas, el 33.33 % (6) latinoamericanas y el 5.55 % (1) portuguesas, y que el 50 % están indexadas en la categoría de “Psicología Multidisciplinar”. Por otra parte, la revista latinoamericana con el Factor de Impacto (FI) más elevado de 2010 es Universitas Psychologica (1.283), seguida de Psicología: Reflexão e Crítica (1.124). La revista iberoamericana que ha obtenido el mayor FI es el International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology (1.842) que se encuentra indexada en la categoría de “Psicología Clínica”.
Subjetividad política y psicologías sociales críticas en Latinoamérica: ideas a dos voces
Authors: Díaz Gómez Alvaro , González-Rey Fernando
Published: April 2019

En la presente entrevista, se desarrolla una conversación entre los psicólogos Fernando González Rey (Cuba/Brasil) y Álvaro Díaz Gómez (Colombia) sobre lo que, desde la trayectoria de vida académica de cada uno de ellos, se asume qué es la Psicología Social crítica en Latinoamérica y cómo se expresa a través de diversas opciones. Igualmente, se avanzan ideas respecto de la subjetividad en la tensión subjetividad social/subjetividad política
Crisis en la infancia: ¿qué piensan, sienten y dicen los niños sobre la separación de sus padres?
Authors: Cifuentes Neumann Oriana Anet , Milicic Müller Neva
Published: April 2019

El artículo presenta el estudio cualitativo de narrativas de niños de 9 a 12 años de edad respecto de la separación de sus padres. La muestra estuvo constituida por 12 niños de nivel socioeconómico medio y el análisis de los datos se desarrolló según los procedimientos de la escuela Grounded Theory. El propósito del estudio es evidenciar la experiencia de niños chilenos respecto a la separación de sus padres y el significado que dicha experiencia tiene actualmente en sus vidas. Los resultados del estudio indican que la separación de los padres constituye una crisis para los niños, quienes la representan como la pérdida de la familia nuclear. Esta vivencia afecta su desempeño conductual y socioemocional, generándose cambios de estado de ánimo que se evidencien en el ámbito escolar y social. Transcurridos dos o tres años, los niños logran tomar cierta distancia de la experiencia y evaluarla desde una nueva perspectiva. Es así como algunos de ellos resignifican la crisis considerando elementos favorables que identifican en el presente.
Disciplines for and against Psychology
Authors: Burman Erica
Published: April 2019

This paper evaluates the scope and functions of interdisciplinary connections for psychologists in dealing with its conceptual and methodological and sometimes political difficulties. Developing examples from my own context and practice, I indicate how feminist research has engaged with and addressed such questions. Brief consideration of three key epistemological turns in psychology, indicates that psychologists should neither uncritically turn to, nor turn away from, other disciplines but rather understand how what it is within such turns that indicates more about the nature of the conceptual, methodological and political problems we are trying to address.
Perfil cognitivo de la dependencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Lemos Hoyos Mariantonia , Jaller Jaramillo Cristina , González Calle Ana Maria , Díaz León Zoraya Tatiana , De la Ossa Daniela
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue la identificación del perfil cognitivo de los estudiantes universitarios con dependencia emocional. Ésta se plantea como un patrón orientado al otro como fuente de satisfacción y seguridad personal, donde el perfil cognitivo les llevaría a interpretar los hechos de manera diferente, basándose en cubrir sus necesidades emocionales insatisfechas. Se tomó una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 569 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados arrojaron un modelo que explica el 89.3 % de la variabilidad, con alta capacidad predictiva (sensibilidad 91.4 %, especificidad 97.7 %), conformado por el esquema de desconfianza/abuso, creencias centrales del trastorno de la personalidad paranoide y dependiente, distorsión cognitiva de falacia de cambio y estrategia hipodesarrollada de afrontamiento de autonomía.
La red de apoyo en mujeres víctimas de violencia contra la pareja en el estado de Jalisco (México)
Authors: Estrada Pineda Cristina , Herrero Olaizola Juan Bautista , Rodríguez Díaz Francisco Javier
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las características del apoyo social informal otorgado a la mujer maltratada por su pareja íntima, quiénes lo aportan, así como el tipo de apoyo percibido por las entrevistadas. Es un estudio cuantitativo realizado en Guadalajara, Jalisco, en el que se aplicó el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social Percibido de las Fuentes de Apoyo (Gracia & Herrero, 2004) a 204 mujeres maltratadas por su pareja. Los resultados del análisis de cluster mostraron que el tipo más frecuente de red de apoyo presentaba a los amigos como principal fuente de apoyo. Otros tipos de red de apoyo encontradas en este estudio fueron: familia de origen, compuesta principalmente por padre, madre y hermanos(as) y pareja e hijos (que incluía en algunas mujeres al agresor como fuente de apoyo).
Relación del burnout y las estrategias de afrontamiento con el promedio académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Palacio Sañudo Jorge Enrique , Caballero Dominguez Carmen Cecilia , González Gutierrez Orlando , Gravini Gomez Melina , Contreras Santos Katherine Paola
Published: April 2019

Se indagó la relación del burnout académico y las estrategias de afrontamiento con el promedio académico de una muestra de 283 universitarios tomados al azar de los programas de psicología y fisioterapia de la jornada diurna de una universidad privada de Barranquilla, quienes respondieron al MBI-SS y a la Escala de Estrategias de Afrontamiento-Modificada. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los estudiantes presentaban bajos niveles de burnout académico, sin embargo se corroboró que el alto Agotamiento y Cinismo, afectan negativamente el promedio académico; mientras que la Autoeficacia ante los estudios, lo favorecía significativamente, por lo que se establece una relación negativa entre burnout y el promedio académico. Dentro de las estrategias de frontamiento más frecuentemente utilizadas por los estudiantes, se halló la de Solución de Problemas, la cual se asocia con resultados más favorables en el promedio académico.
Un análisis del proceso de aprendizaje social en animales no humanos: situaciones apetitivas versus aversivas
Authors: Cabrera Castañon Rosalva , Dos Santos Cristiano Valerio
Published: April 2019

El objetivo es identificar si los elementos que definen diferentes procesos de aprendizaje social, tanto imitativo como no imitativo, discutidos y evaluados en situaciones apetitivas pueden ser identificados en situaciones aversivas. Esta identificación permitirá valorar las bondades y/o limitaciones de los términos definidos, así como su alcance conceptual y heurístico. Se iniciará con un análisis general del concepto de aprendizaje, seguido de la distinción entre aprendizaje individual y social; posteriormente, se hará una delimitación de los componentes involucrados en los diferentes procesos de aprendizaje social en situaciones apetitivas, señalando las dificultades tanto conceptuales como metodológicas inherentes a esta área de investigación; se continuará con la misma delimitación de procesos en situaciones aversivas y se terminará con una discusión en la que, además de comparar las preparaciones experimentales en situaciones apetitivas y aversivas, se valorará si pueden ser descritas con los mismos conceptos.
Factores asociados prospectivamente a sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes tempranos de sexo femenino
Authors: Cova Félix , Rincón Paulina , Inostroza Carolina , Melipillán Roberto
Published: April 2019

Este estudio analiza prospectivamente la relación entre soporte familiar, estilo inferencial depresogénico y rumiación negativa con sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes. Se focaliza en adolescentes de sexo femenino, donde la depresión es más prevalente. Participaron 142 estudiantes de primer año de secundaria, con un promedio de edad de 14.2 años. Las evaluaciones de seguimiento fueron a 6, 13 y 24 meses de la primera evaluación. Controlada la depresión inicial, se observó relación entre soporte familiar y estilo inferencial depresogénico con sintomatología depresiva. Los resultados respaldan las teorías cognitivas de la depresión e indican la importancia de considerar estos factores en los programas preventivos de depresión.
Susceptibilidad al consumo de tabaco y comportamiento tabáquico en las adolescentes
Authors: Calleja Nazira
Published: April 2019

En años recientes, la prevalencia de mujeres fumadoras ha aumentado significativamente. El propósito de la presente investigación fue evaluar la relación existente entre la susceptibilidad al consumo de tabaco y el comportamiento tabáquico en chicas adolescentes, a fin de contar con herramientas de prevención del consumo de tabaco en las mujeres. Se efectuaron tres estudios en años sucesivos en escuelas secundarias públicas y privadas, en los que participaron 1.460 mujeres adolescentes. Se elaboraron y reconstruyeron las escalas para medir la susceptibilidad al consumo de tabaco, la experimentación con el cigarrillo y el tabaquismo. En las últimas versiones de las tres escalas se obtuvieron varianzas explicadas > 59 % y coeficientes a > 0.82. Los resultados mostraron que los puntajes de la susceptibilidad al consumo de tabaco correlacionaron fuerte y significativamente tanto con la experimentación con el cigarrillo (r = 0.743) como con el tabaquismo (r = 0.424). De acuerdo con el análisis de regresión efectuado, la susceptibilidad explicó el 28.9% de la varianza de la experimentación, y el 22% de la del tabaquismo, por lo que constituye un predictor del comportamiento tabáquico en las adolescentes. Se concluye que la susceptibilidad al consumo de tabaco puede utilizarse confiablemente para evaluar riesgo tabáquico en las adolescentes y dirigir los esfuerzos de prevención específicamente hacia ellas.
Sistema de Justicia Juvenil en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina y métodos de evaluación
Authors: Folino Jorge , Lescano Mª José , Sánchez-Wilde Alfonso
Published: April 2019

Los objetivos del presente artículo son describir el sistema de justicia juvenil en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) desde las perspectivas jurídica y ejecutiva, y comunicar avances científicos globales en la evaluación de los jóvenes que cometen actos disociales. En la provincia de Buenos Aires el sistema ha sido profundamente modificado en los últimos 15 años siguiendo las premisas de la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos del Niño y dejando relegado el modelo del Patronato, que había regido previamente. Las instituciones encargadas de la ejecución de la intervención dispuesta por el Poder Judicial dependen actualmente de la Subsecretaria de Niñez y Adolescencia del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social y constan de centros cerrados, centros con régimen de semilibertad y centros de intervención ambulatoria (medidas alternativas a la prisión, tales como suspensión de juicio a prueba o tareas comunitarias). Las ciencias relacionadas con la salud mental y con el comportamiento vienen contribuyendo a la identificación de diversos factores influyentes en la conducta disocial y con el diseño de tipos de intervención para cada nivel de prevención. Sin embargo, hay una distancia importante entre las potencialidades del estado actual del conocimiento y la implementación. En las condiciones expuestas, queda configurado un período de transición que aún requiere optimización de la política de infancia con ajustes legislativos, judiciales y administrativos y con la capitalización de los aportes científicos.
Orientaciones de meta en Educación Física y nivel de actividad físicodeportiva en estudiantes mexicanos
Authors: Ruiz-Juan Francisco , Piéron Maurice
Published: April 2019

Se evalúan las orientaciones de meta en Educación Física de estudiantes mexicanos, así como las diferencias según sexo, edad, implicación en actividad físico-deportiva y nivel de práctica habitual. Se administró un cuestionario por autorreporte a 1.083 estudiantes mexicanos regiomontanos de secundaria (12-16 años; error ± 3 %, IC = 95.5 %), por muestreo polietápico estratificado por afijación proporcional y conglomerados. El análisis factorial confirmatorio apoyó el modelo teórico hipotetizado de dos factores para TEOSQ-12EF, mostrando excelente bondad de ajuste del modelo original. Tanto chicos como chicas tienen, principalmente, una orientación a la tarea, estando los chicos más orientados al ego que las chicas. Según aumenta el nivel de actividad física, incrementa la orientación al ego y a la tarea.