bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers of burnout and their relationship with psychological characteristics in healthcare practitioners
Authors: Kuzmin Mikhail Yu. , Sholokhov Leonid F. , Akhmedzyanova Margarita R.
Published: January 2025

Background — The goal of this study was to investigate how biomarkers can be indicators of burnout in healthcare workers and what is the relationship between these biomarkers and psychological characteristics. Material and Methods — A total of 96 doctors and nurses from different clinics in Irkutsk were surveyed. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Ware et al. 12-item Short-Form of the Medical Outcomes Study (SF-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Ways of Coping questionnaire, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) were employed. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), melatonin, serotonin, dopamine and cortisol were used as biomarkers. Results — We established that doctors and nurses diagnosed with high-level burnout had higher concentrations of DHEA-S and cortisol in their saliva. Salivary cortisol and DHEA-S were associated with levels of depressive symptoms. Relationships were found between various biomarkers (melatonin, DHEA-S) and factors that prevent the development of stress. Such productive coping strategies as Planful Problem-Solving or components of mindfulness capable of reducing stress severity were negatively associated with the circadian rhythm regulator (melatonin) and DHEA-S. Presumably, psychological regulation can reduce objective stress rather than subjectively experienced stress alone. Conclusion — Doctors and nurses with high burnout levels have high concentrations of DHEA-S and cortisol. Accordingly, these biomarkers can be considered as indicators of burnout. In addition, coping strategies and mindfulness components were identified that are associated with stress biomarkers and, presumably, can help reduce not only subjectively experienced stress, but also objective stress.
Transitional nutrition for very low birth weight infants in neonatal intensive care units: Where do we stand now?
Authors: Tran Ly Cong , Nguyen Phuong Minh , Tran Nhu Thi Huynh , Le My Hoang , Nguyen Dinh-Nguyen-Chuong , Phun Long Duy
Published: January 2025

The role of nutrition in managing preterm infants, particularly those classified as very low birth weight (VLBW), is pivotal. Optimal nutrition is vital, as early growth deficits and inadequate neonatal nourishment have been linked to significant long-term developmental issues. In the neonatal intensive care units (NICU), tailored nutritional interventions are necessary to meet the unique dietary needs of these infants. Despite advances in neonatal nutrition, gaps remain in understanding the ideal composition and duration of parenteral nutrition, the process of transitioning to enteral feeding, and the need for breast milk augmentation. This review explores current insights and methodologies in the nutritional management of VLBW infants during the critical transition phase. It addresses existing challenges, recent progress, and future directions in enhancing nutritional care for these at-risk infants, aiming to improve outcomes.
Seasonal variations in the mental state and heart rate variability in adolescents residing beyond the Arctic Circle
Authors: Belisheva Natalia K. , Martynova Alla A. , Kolomeichuk Sergei N.
Published: January 2025

Background — Residence beyond the Arctic Circle is associated with a distinct condition, Polar Tension Syndrome (PTS), which shares similarities with Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). However, the interplay of mental state and heart rate variability within the context of seasonal photoperiodicity in both PTS and SAD remains poorly understood. Objectives — This study investigated the effects of polar photoperiodicity on the mental and physiological states of male adolescents living in the Kola Peninsula, Russia (67°34′ N, 33°23′ E), a region beyond the Arctic Circle. Methods — Mental state was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Self-Esteem of health, Activity, and Mood (SAM) scales. Heart rate variability (HRV) indices provided objective measures of the psychophysiological state. Results — Significant associations were found between state and trait anxiety (StA and TrA) and seasonal photoperiodicity in adolescents residing beyond the Arctic Circle. Reduced parasympathetic (HF) and increased sympathetic (LF) Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) contributions to heart rate (HR) regulation during the polar night may underlie the physiological manifestations of polar tension syndrome (PTS) and seasonal sffective disorder (SAD), both characterized by elevated anxiety. Analysis revealed monthly fluctuations in the dominance of HF and LF contributions to HR regulation, with LF predominating during the polar night and in March. Conclusion — This study demonstrates an association between state and trait anxiety (StA and TrA), heart rate regulation, and seasonal photoperiodicity in adolescents residing beyond the Arctic Circle. Adolescents with anxiety and low parasympathetic (HF) HRV activity show an increased risk of developing PTS and SAD symptoms.
Effect of different nutritional materials on laccase activity and biomass accumulation of the Auricularia cornea var. Li strain
Authors: Xiong Xue , Li Peng , Xiang Zhun , He Yao-Wei , Zheng Xuan , Liu Zhong-Xuan
Published: January 2025

The laccase activity changes of the Auricularia cornea var. Li strain were studied over a continuous 9-day period using different carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and lignocellulose as liquid fermentation inducers. The results showed that the addition of carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and alkaline lignin all stimulated Auricularia cornea var. Li to secrete laccase and promoted the accumulation of mycelial biomass. Both carbon and nitrogen deficiencies could stimulate Auricularia cornea var. Li to produce more laccase, but they were detrimental to the accumulation of mycelial biomass. Maltose and peptone should be prioritized as materials for cultivating high-laccase-producing Auricularia cornea var. Li strains through liquid fermentation. Lignocellulosic biomass could significantly enhance laccase activity in Auricularia cornea var. Li. During the cultivation of Auricularia cornea var. Li., wheat bran and cottonseed hulls that produced high levels of laccase should be recommended. This study partially revealed the laccase production characteristics of Auricularia cornea var. Li and identified culture substances that were beneficial for laccase secretion during different growth stages of the mushroom. The results provide a foundation for improving the yield and quality of Auricularia cornea var. Li.
Evaluation and Promotion of Multipurpose Tree Planting in Selected Agroforestry Systems: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Bore District, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Emire Aschalew , Demise Sintayo , Giri Temesgen
Published: January 2025

The study was conducted in the Bore district of Guji zone, Southern Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to evaluate and promote multipurpose tree planting under smallholder farmers' of selected agroforestry systems. In this study, four multipurpose trees such as Acacia saligna, Chamaecytisus palmensis, Grevilia robusta, and Pinus patula were evaluated and promoted in home gardens, on farms, and boundary planting agroforestry systems. The growth performance results of the multipurpose trees in selected agroforestry systems showed that the survival rate of the trees was higher in home gardens followed by on-farm and boundary planting agroforestry systems. Moreover, the highest diameter at breast height and tree height growth performances were also recorded in home gardens, on farms, and boundary planting agroforestry systems respectively. Smallholder farmers used different management practices for multipurpose trees planted in selected agroforestry systems. Accordingly, farmers used pruning, hoeing, animal dung, weeding, and fencing management practices for better growth performance of the trees and to minimize the shade effect of the trees on understorey crops. Farmers' preferences for the evaluated and promoted multipurpose trees showed that Pinus patula, Grevilia robusta, Chamaecytisus palmensis, and Acacia saligna were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th respectively. The feedback from farmers showed that they were willing to plant different multipurpose trees if they could be encouraged and supported with planting materials and technical support. Therefore, government and non-government organizations could be involved in developing agroforestry systems, by providing good planting materials and supporting smallholder farmers' through research and strong extension services.
Family interaction patterns as correlates of bullying behaviour among in-school adolescents in Kwara State
Authors: Mustapha Mulikat Ladi Abdulqadir , Muhammed Shuaib Abolakale , Bello Muhinat Bolanle , Abisoye Faysol Aderibigbe
Published: January 2025

The involvement of parents in different roles in life sometimes affects their communication with their children, which can affect the bullying behaviour of adolescents in school. Therefore, this study examined the patterns of family interaction experienced by respondents and whether such experiences correlate with adolescent bullying in schools in Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to investigate: (i) the perceived family interaction pattern adopted by parents of in-school adolescents; (ii) the prevalence of bullying perpetration and victimisation among in-school adolescents; (iii) the bullying roles of in-school adolescents and (iv) correlation between family interaction patterns, bullying behaviour and bullying roles. The study was a descriptive correlational type study. The sample was 410 adolescent students from 16 proportionally selected secondary schools in Kwara State. An adapted instrument “Family Interaction Patterns and Bullying Behaviour Questionnaire (FIPBBQ)” was used to collect the research data, which has a reliability index of 0.71. The collected data were analysed by frequency, mean rank and PPMC. The study found that school teenagers in Kwara State experienced a positive pattern of family interaction where parents were responsive to their needs and encouraged good behaviour. However, more teenagers in school reported being bullied in the past six weeks. Most of the respondents (50.1%) are bully-victims, 24.0% are abusers and 18.5% are pure victims. Family communication was not significantly related to bullying behaviour. However, there was a significant relationship between family communication patterns and bullying-victimisation role, most especially for females. Based on these findings, recommendations were provided.
Multiple Brain Abscesses in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis – a Case Report
Authors: Radzevičiūtė S. , Liaudanskytė G. , Baužaitė I. , Balčiūnienė N. , Vaitkus A.
Published: January 2025

The frequency of brain abscesses is rising, and they continue to be a potentially fatal infection. It may result from an infection source spreading nearby or over great distances. Additionally, immunocompromised patients – including those who have had immunomodulating treatments – represent a significant risk factor for brain abscesses. The presenting signs of brain abscess are variable and nonspecific. Patients most commonly are presented with headache, fever, altered mental status, focal neurologic symptoms, nausea and vomiting. Healthcare providers must maintain a high degree of clinical suspicion for early diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients because of their diminished capacity to generate a typical immune response, which can make typical infection indications less obvious. Brain imaging is critical to improving the prognosis and is necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of brain abscesses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the preferred radiologic method for diagnosis and differentiation. The proper handling of brain abscess samples is crucial for the correct reporting of microbiological findings. In immunocompetent individuals, the best empirical antibiotic therapy for a community-acquired brain abscess is a combination of metronidazole and a third-generation cephalosporin, whereas, in patients with severe immunodeficiency, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and voriconazole should be added. Still, surgical excision or draining of the abscess is the recommended course of treatment, followed by long-term antibiotics. In this article, we present a patient who was diagnosed with brain abscess and treated non-surgically; as also, a multidisciplinary approach of medical care was followed.
Genetinių tyrimų svarba Parkinsono ligos diagnostikoje
Authors: Dakinevičiūtė Dominika , Čičelienė Jolita
Published: January 2025

Background. Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder which causes various motor, autonomic, and cognitive disorders affecting the patient’s quality of life. The etiology of the disease is multifactorial, as Parkinson’s disease is associated with both environmental and genetic factors. The interaction between these two aspects is important. Parkinson’s disease is diagnosed based on clinical criteria, and instrumental studies, such as MRI, PET, SPECT, or CT, can be used for differential diagnosis. Currently, genetic testing is not widespread in the clinical practice, but it may play a significant role in the future, not only by serving as a prognostic or diagnostic indicator, but also by helping in selecting effective, genetically oriented treatment for Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methods. A scientific literature review was conducted, and publications were gathered from PubMed (MEDLINE), ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Google Scholar, and UpToDate electronic databases using keywords and their combinations. The literature review included publications in English published from 2018 to 2023.Results. It is known that over 20 genes are associated with the manifestation of Parkinson’s disease. SNCA, VPS35, PRKN, LRRK2, PINK1, and DJ1 genes are most frequently mentioned in the literature. The penetrance of these genes varies, being either low or high, in terms of influencing the probability of disease occurrence. Mutations in the GBA gene represent the most commonly found genetic factor in Parkinson’s disease. Genetic testing for Parkinson’s disease is not commonly used in the routine clinical practice, but it should be considered on an individual basis. Currently, it is possible to test all the known genes that are associated with Parkinson’s disease, although two genes that are most commonly tested are LRRK2 and GBA. As new treatment methods for Parkinson’s disease related to gene therapy are emerging, genetic testing discussions will become increasingly relevant.Conclusions. Parkinson’s disease is associated with numerous risk factors, and the genetic factors depend on gene penetrance. Genetic testing is not standard in the current clinical practice, but it may gain significant importance in the future.
Development of a Low-Cost Reflectance Visible Spectrophotometer with Chemometrics for Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Quality Control
Authors: Heryanto Rudi , Iswantini Dyah , Rohaeti Eti , Rafi Mohamad , Rahma Novia , Hafshah Nurul , Mardiana Eni
Published: January 2025

A simple, portable visible reflectance spectrophotometer was developed for classifying the quality of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. The device was assembled using consumer electronic components: an LED as the light source, a DVD optical layer as the diffraction grating, and a webcam as the detector, with web-based software (Spectral Workbench) as the signal processor. The spectrophotometer's performance was evaluated using standard Sudan III samples and powdered C. xanthorrhiza samples from two quality classes (A and B). Spectral data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression.  PCA successfully grouped Sudan III samples by concentration and classified C. xanthorrhiza by curcuminoid content. A PLS regression model was developed for quantifying Sudan III, yielding R² values of 0.9909 for both calibration and cross-validation, with RMSEs of 0.3821% and 0.4152%, respectively. The results closely matched those from a commercial spectrophotometer. A PLS-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) classification model for C. xanthorrhiza was also developed, achieving sensitivity and specificity values of 1. Additionally, semi-quantitative parameters such as decision limit (26.15% B), detection capability (41.06% B), and unreliability range (26.15–41.06% B) were calculated. The classification model showed strong sensitivity, specificity, and detection capabilities within acceptable limits. These findings suggest that this low-cost reflectance spectrophotometer, combined with chemometric methods, holds promise as a practical tool for the quality control of raw herbal materials.
Modification & Characterization of Activated Carbon Impregnated with KCl, Na2S, and KI for Enhancing Mercury (Hg) Removal from Natural Gas
Authors: Muala Bahran , Sumarni Ni Ketut , Puspitasari Dwi Juli
Published: January 2025

Modified activated carbon (MAC) has been synthesized and characterized to enhance mercury (Hg) removal from natural gas. MAC was modified by impregnating it into KCl, Na2S, and KI to introduce Cl-, S-, and I- elements. SEM-EDX, FTIR, and SAA were used to characterize the AC and MAC. The isotherm and adsorption capacity were studied using the mercury gas standard. The results of SEM-EDX analysis show that the impregnation method is proven to produce MAC containing elements Cl, S, and I with mass % of 2.78% Cl, 0.76% S, and 39.60% I. The surface area is 421.91 m2/g, the total pore volume is 0.386825 cc/g, and the average pore size is 1.83369 nm. Group functions are -OH, C=C, C=O, C-O, and vibrations at the wavelength number 617.81 cm-1, which the impregnation agent forms. The mechanism for absorbing mercury gas into MAC follows the Freundlich isotherm model, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.996. The adsorption capacity on MAC increased 57 times compared to unmodified activated carbon (AC) from 5540.60 to 315730.64 ng/g, with an efficiency maximum of 100%. The MAC has been proven to enhance mercury adsorption from natural gas with an efficiency of 78.6%.
Studi In Silico Senyawa Kimia Zingiber Montanum J.König sebagai Antidiabetes terhadap Reseptor α-Glukosidase
Authors: Eltriya Ninu , Adelina Rosa , Komala Ismiarni
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from the impaired secretion of insulin, glucagon, and other hormones, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Bangle (Zingiber montanum) is recognized for its potent antidiabetic compounds. This study sought to evaluate the potential and interaction of chemical compounds from bangle on the α-glucosidase receptor as an antidiabetic using molecular docking studies. The molecular docking analyses were conducted using Autodock Vina software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer for 2D and 3D visualization. Fifteen chemical compounds from the bangle plant were subjected to molecular docking studies against the α-glucosidase receptor, with the comparative ligand acarbose. Results indicated that acarbose demonstrated a bond energy (ΔGbind) of -6.9 cal/mol. Conversely, six test compounds, including cassumunarin A (-7.7 kcal/mol), cassumunarin B (-7.5 kcal/mol), cassumunarin C (-8.0 kcal/mol), cassumunin A (-7.0 kcal/mol), cassumunin C (-7.0 kcal/mol), and banglenol A (-6.9 kcal/mol), exhibited lower binding energy than acarbose, signifying a more stable bond conformation and a stronger effect. These compounds formed hydrogen bonds with the amino acids Asp327, Asp203, Arg526, and Asp542, hydrophobic bonds with Tyr299, Thr406, and Phe575, and electrostatic bonds with Asp327, Asp203, Met444, and Asp542. In conclusion, this research indicates that several chemical compounds from the rhizome of bangle have the potential to interact with the α-glucosidase receptor as antidiabetic agents.
A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of Oral Dosage Form Administered in The Form of Suspension to ICU Patients at Hospital X
Authors: Suryani Nelly , Anwar Vidia Arliani , Saibi Yardi , Dhilasari Estu Mahanani , Dahlizar Sabrina , Betha Ofa Suzanti , Komala Ismiarni , Azzahra Afifah Nurnishrina
Published: January 2025

Patients in the intensive care unit were often very sick and had lost consciousness. Because they had trouble swallowing, individuals with reduced awareness frequently depended on enteral tubes (NGT) for their daily medical and nutritional requirements. Since not all medications were accessible in parenteral forms, patients who relied on enteral tubes often had issues, including drug stability. Many problems arose in clinical usage when the medication was crushed or suspended and put into the NGT, including drug obstruction in the enteral tube and a reduction in drug stability as a result of the dose form being altered, making the drug unstable. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the stability of oral suspension medications given to intensive care unit patients. The medical records of intensive care unit patients who had received oral medication therapy at X Hospital in Jakarta were examined retrospectively using a cross-sectional, descriptive approach. According to the statistics, coated tablets accounted for 68% of the most frequently used oral medication preparations. It was highly likely that crushing the coated tablets and administering them via NGT had resulted in tube obstruction. Additionally, 59.26% of the medications used had exhibited hygroscopic qualities, and several had been readily hydrolyzed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that oral medications, particularly crushed-coated tablets, could negatively affect drug stability. Active substances with hygroscopic properties and those prone to hydrolysis were also identified as potential contributors to instability.
Evaluation of liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients using two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2D-SWE) before and after antiviral treatment
Authors:   Department of General and Pediatric Radiology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Inglot Marcin , Pozowski Patryk ,   Department of General and Pediatric Radiology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Misiak Paula ,   Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Fleischer-Stępniewska Katarzyna ,   Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Lewandowski Łukasz ,   Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Bilski Mateusz ,   Department of General and Pediatric Radiology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland, Zaleska-Dorobisz Urszula ,   Department of General and Pediatric Radiology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
Published: January 2025

Aim: Chronic hepatitis C virus infections can lead to liver fibrosis. Appropriate treatment of chronic hepatitis C may result in significant fibrosis reversal. The best method to assess liver fibrosis is an invasive hepatic biopsy. Among non-invasive options, one of the most recent methods is two-dimensional shear- wave elastography, which allows real-time visualization of liver stiffness. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in liver fibrosis among patients with hepatitis C virus receiving direct-acting antiviral therapy. Material and methods: Five different elastographic measurements in kilopascals were performed in a group of 50 patients before direct-acting antiviral treatment, at the end of treatment, and 24 weeks after the end of treatment, using an Aixplorer® (Supersonic Imagine, France) ultrasound device. The results were correlated with biochemical serum tests, specifically the Fibrosis-4 and AspAT-to-platelet ratio indices. Results: Time-dependent alterations of all of the parameters were observed, including a significant decrease in liver stiffness in comparison to baseline values (before treatment). A moderate correlation between liver stiffness measurement values and both Fibrosis-4 and AspAT-to-platelet ratio indices was observed. Interestingly, only liver stiffness and blood platelet count changed over time, regardless of the sex and age of the patient. Conclusions: Two-dimensional shear-wave elastography combined with non- invasive serologic tests like Fibrosis-4 and AspAT-to-platelet ratio indices is a sufficient tool for evaluating liver fibrosis regression during and after direct-acting antiviral therapy.
Semitic Names of Reptilia in Their Afro-Asiatic Setting: New Etyma for ‘Snake’ and ‘Lizard’
Authors: Blažek Václav , Takács Gábor
Published: January 2025

The present etymological study brings arguments for additionally reconstructing two new zoonyms in Proto-Semitic, (1) *ṣar«- ‘a kind of (poisonous?) snake’, which is attested in two of the most archaic Semitic languages, Akkadian and Eblaite, and perhaps in one representative of the Modern South Arabian languages, Soqotri, and one of Ethio-Semitic, Endegeň, plus indirect traces in Hebrew and Geez; (2) *ṣawr- or *ṣur-/*ṣar- ‘lizard’, attested only in Akkadian and Eblaite, but with promising external cognates within Afroasiatic, namely East Cushitic, Chadic, and maybe Egyptian.
Pengelolaan Sarana Prasarana dalam Menunjang Pelayanan Jamaah Masjid Al-Ishlah Tlogosari Kulon Semarang
Authors: Farid Miftah , Savitri Fania Mutriara
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to know the condition of the facilities and infrastructure and to know the service mechanism of the Al-Ishlah Tlogosari Kulon mosque, Semarang. Facilities and infrastructure have several aspects such as: planning of infrastructure facilities, procurement of infrastructure facilities, distribution of infrastructure facilities, storage of infrastructure facilities, maintenance of infrastructure facilities, inventory of infrastructure facilities, deletion of infrastructure facilities. The results of the study show that the condition of the facilities and infrastructure at the Al-Ishlah Tlogosari Kulon Mosque in Semarang can support the congregation. Facility needs have been met and provided with good management. The service mechanism for the Al-Ishlah Mosque in Tlogosari Kulon Semarang has characteristics such as the availability of good management, the availability of good facilities and infrastructure, meeting the needs of the congregation.
Perencanaan dan Pengorganisasian Layanan Bimbingan Manasik Haji: Studi Kasus pada KBIH Al-Bayt Tours Demak
Authors: Yasfin Moh. Anwar
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the planning and organization of hajj guidance services at KBIH Al-Bayt Tours Demak, focusing on the effectiveness of planning, structured organization, and the application of andragogy methods in guidance services. Using a qualitative approach with field research methods, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of guidance activities. Data analysis was carried out descriptively based on the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the planning of guidance services at KBIH Al-Bayt Tours Demak was carried out effectively and systematically, allowing pilgrims to understand and prepare for the hajj optimally. The organization of guidance was carried out with a clear structure, proper division of tasks, and good coordination. In addition, the andragogy approach used in guidance includes participatory and practice-oriented learning methods, in accordance with the characteristics of adult learning. This study provides suggestions for KBIH Al-Bayt Tours to continue to improve the quality of guidance services by conducting periodic evaluations and updating guidance materials and methods. The use of technology and interactive learning media can be an alternative to increase congregation involvement in learning.
Manajemen Organisasi Persatuan Islam dalam Bidang Tarbiyah
Authors: Algifari Muhammad Yusuf , Suparto Suparto
Published: January 2025

The appearance of Islamic Unity on the stage of Islamic history in Indonesia at the beginning of the 20th century has given a new pattern and color to the movement for the renewal islamic thought. It was precisely born as an answer to the complex challenges of the condition of the Muslim Ummah which was drowning in impatience or stagnation on rational thinking, mired in a life of great mysticism, the growth and development of khurafat, heresy adan superstition as well polytheism which was rampant at that time. Moreever, Muslims were very shackled by Dutch colonial rule which was very persistent in extinguishing the light of Islam. This situation inspired the emergence of the Islamic reformist movement which in turn initiated growing intellectual contacts that influenced the indonesian islamic community to reform islamic thought. Then the existence of this Islamic unity organization makes a contribution that plays an active role in education management which is very well organized by keeping up with current development without eliminating the original elements of islamic boarding school education.
Temporary Hearing Threshold Shift and Testing the Equal-Energy Hypothesis in Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) After Exposure to a One-Sixth-Octave Noise Band Centered at 8 kHz
Authors: Kastelein Ronald A. , Helder-Hoek Lean , Van Acoleyen Laura , Terhune John M.
Published: January 2025

Susceptibility to temporary hearing threshold shift (TTS) in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) depends, in part, on the frequency of the fatiguing sound (the sound causing the shift). The TTS induced and the pattern of hearing recovery were documented in two female harbor seals after exposure for one hour to a continuous, constant-amplitude one-sixth-octave noise band (NB) at 8 kHz. This fatiguing sound was emitted at average received sound pressure levels (SPLs) estimated at between 138 and 156 dB re 1 µPa, resulting in sound exposure levels (SELs) of 174 to 192 dB re 1 µPa2s. Hearing thresholds for narrow-band sweeps were determined at 8, 11.3, and 16 kHz. The hearing frequency most affected was 11.3 kHz, half an octave above the fatiguing sound’s center frequency. Higher SELs were more likely to result in TTS than lower SELs. At hearing frequencies 8 and 16 kHz, initial TTS (1 to 4 min after the sound stopped) only occurred after exposure to the highest SEL (192 dB re 1 µPa2s). Recovery of hearing took longer after large TTSs than after small TTSs. The equal-energy hypothesis was tested by exposing the seals to the same continuous fatiguing sound with SPLs between 149 and 165 dB re 1 µPa, and exposure durations between two and 80 min; all seven combinations had the same SEL of 186 dB re 1 µPa2s. The equal-energy hypothesis was supported in both seals for the frequency, SPL, and duration ranges that were tested; thus, SEL can be used to predict the TTS elicited in harbor seals by continuous, constant-amplitude sound around 8 kHz. The TTS-onset SEL for the NB at 8 kHz, taken together with the TTS-onset SELs for fatiguing sound frequencies tested in previous studies, can form the basis for a revised TTS-onset function for harbor seals.
Ewentualna nowelizacja konstytucyjnych regulacji Krajowej Rady Radiofonii i Telewizji – niezbędna, wskazana czy niepotrzebna?
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Prawa i Administracji Rzeszowska Szkoła Wyższa, Eckhardt Krzysztof
Published: January 2025

The author answers the question posed in the title of the paper on the basis of the analysis of doctrinal views and constitutional practice. He strongly advocates maintaining the constitutionalisation of the National Broadcasting Council, although he claims that the constitutional regulations shall be amended. He indicates which changes are necessary and which are advisable. The conclusion is that the two issues require necessary changes: first, the Council’s competencies related to the personal composition of the managing bodies of the public media and second, the appointment, dismissal and term of office of the members of the Council. The indicated changes include: the place of the Council in the structure of the Constitution; introduction of the duty to control abuses of freedom of speech, clarification that both obtaining and dissemination of information are under supervision, and control of broadcasting activity not only of public media but of all authorised entities.
Konsekwencje tzw. wyroku aborcyjnego (sygn. akt K 1/20) w zakresie podmiotowości prawnej człowieka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski, Dąbrowski Marcin
Published: January 2025

In the judgment file ref. no. K 1/20, the Constitutional Tribunal stated that the unborn child has dignity throughout the prenatal period and its life is subject to protection. The ruling moved the moment of acquiring legal personality from the moment of birth to conception. The author concludes that since the nasticurus has dignity, it should also be entitled to the constitutional rights and freedoms. The Correctness of the Tribunal’s ruling means that the legal provisions stating that legal capacity (subjectivity) is acquired at the moment of birth are inconsistent with the Constitution. The author claims the thesis that the implementation of these effects of the ruling would have downright revolutionary consequences for the Polish legal order and would constitute a departure from the traditionally perceived legal subjectivity of man. The author is satisfied that these effects have not been accepted in science, jurisprudence and legislation.
Współpraca międzyparlamentarna w traktatach o przyjaźni i współpracy zawartych przez Polskę po 1989 r. z państwami zachodnioeuropejskimi
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Staszewski Wojciech
Published: January 2025

This study presents an analysis of political agreements signed by Poland after 1989 with Western European countries, with which such treaties were not applied in the treaty practice of the Polish People’s Republic. It discusses interparliamentary cooperation and answers the research question of whether the treaties in question contain provisions relating to such cooperation and participation of parliament in international relations, and thus whether this type of cooperation is a manifestation of common interest of states, and if so, whether it has been given a proper rank and guarantees in its implementation. This analysis allows a conclusion that all political treaties signed by Poland after 1989 with Western European countries included provisions relating to interparliamentary cooperation, which is a manifestation of the states’ interest in such cooperation. They have been given an appropriate rank in the agreements, which proves that the parties to such agreements recognize the important role of this kind of cooperation.
Ustawa organiczna a la española – uwarunkowania konstytucyjne i miejsce w hierarchii hiszpańskich źródeł prawa
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Jackiewicz Andrzej
Published: January 2025

The article analyses the constitutional prerequisites defining organic laws as a Spanish source of law. It identifies the material and formal criteria identifying organic laws and examines how they relate to each other, particularly in the context of the principle of reserved matters and the importance of the procedure for enacting organic laws in situations of conflict with ordinary laws. In view of the fact that the Constitution of the Kingdom of Spain does not expressly indicate the place of the organic law in the hierarchy of sources of law, the article, based on the findings of Spanish constitutional law doctrine and the jurisprudence of the Spanish Constitutional Court, points out arguments in favour of the superior legal force of organic laws in relation to ordinary laws, thus demonstrating the specificity of the Spanish model of organic law.
Referenda konstytucyjne w Irlandii z marca 2024 r. Czy Irlandia zrobiła krok wstecz?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Domańska Aldona
Published: January 2025

In Ireland, the institution of referendum is an important means of shaping the country’s political reality. As a result, the sovereign expresses his opinion on the most important issues, including changes to the constitution. Since the act was passed in 1937, citizens have voted on 40 amendments, 11 of which have been rejected. The last time this happened was on March 8, 2024. The 39 Amendment to the Constitution proposed to change the content of art. 41 so that it takes into account a broader concept of family. The purpose of amending Amendment No. 40 was expanding the concept of family care. The analysis presented in the text aims to present the circumstances that led to the rejection of the government’s proposal to change the constitution in the referendum. The research used primarily the legal and dogmatic method, as well as the decision-making and behavioral methods.
Protection of Human Rights of Poland and Romania – Selected Issues
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Astramowicz-Leyk Teresa
Published: January 2025

The current Constitution of the Republic of Poland was enacted in 1997. The rights and freedoms of the individual are contained in Chapter II. The regulation of the situation of the individual in the state resulted from international law on individual rights contained in international documents ratified by Poland. Chapter II, containing a catalogue of human rights and freedoms, is divided into six subchapters. In Romania, work on the constitution began in July 1990. The new constitution was adopted on 1991. Title II was dedicated to fundamental rights, freedoms and duties. In 2003, the Romanian Constitution was amended following a referendum. Rights, freedoms and duties were also included in Title II. The article compares the catalogue of human rights and freedoms in the constitutions of Poland (1997) and Romania (2003) in the context of international documents and international law. The leading method is an institutional-legal analysis.
Hydrological Poverty and Access to Water as Challenges to Human Rights Protection in the European Blue Deal
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Hałub-Kowalczyk Olga
Published: January 2025

In the legal sciences, the issue of water availability as a new human right has been gaining at importance in recent years. In the European Union, work is currently underway to enact the equivalent of the European Green Deal – i.e. the European Blue Deal, which will be dedicated exclusively to water issues. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the emerging comprehensive EU water strategy takes into account the legal and human dimensions of problems related to access to water and water poverty, and whether it provides for effective instruments to protect the right to water in the European Union. The work previously attempted to systematize the concepts of water security, then pointed to the most important legal acts constituting the so-called right to water and defining its elements. Subsequently, selected provisions of the EBD exposing the legal-human dimension of access to water, were presented.
Początki państwowości, gospodarki i kultury materialnej Mołdawii w aspekcie jej związków z Rusią Kijowską
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Duraj Natasza
Published: January 2025

The main purpose of the article is to present the history of the tribes inhabiting the territory of today’s Moldova. The beginnings of statehood, economy and culture of the Slavs from the Dniester region as well as archaeological research in the territory of today’s Moldova were presented.
“The Hour of Death” – Fiction and Reality (Based on the Works of the Azerbaijani Writer Anar)
Authors:   Baku Slavic University, Azerbaijan, Mehtiyevna Kasimova Maya
Published: January 2025

The article examines the story of one of the greatest contemporary writers, an exponent of his time, but also a deeply thinking, philosophizing writer, screenwriter, chairman of the Union of Writers of Azerbaijan Anar, who created “urban prose” in domestic literature. And no matter what difficulties he has to face in his creative and administrative work, he still turns to the formulation of such traditional concepts as mentality, which significantly influences the life of his contemporary. Anar was one of the first writers who at one time put forward in Azerbaijani literature the idea of understanding life outside of Soviet ideology. Remembering that the core of the work is the author himself, his character, his state of mind and his intellect, in the process of creating new works the writer strives to rely on his life and creative experience in terms of showing a person’s ability to act, to which his life and creative experience is necessarily added.
Construction of a bundle for the safety of patients with mental disorders during hospitalization
Authors: Oliveira Marina Diva de , Almeida Camila Souza de , Ribeiro Helen Cristiny Teodoro Couto , Machado Richardson Miranda , Moraes Juliano Teixeira
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a bundle for the safety of psychiatric patients during hospitalization. Methods: a methodological study conducted in two stages. In the first, a comprehensive literature review was developed through a scoping review and conducted to examine evidence on the safety of psychiatric patients during hospitalization. In the second, based on the evidence listed, a set of actions was developed for the safety of psychiatric patients during hospitalization. Results: twenty-six articles published between 2012 and 2022 were used, making it possible to categorize recommendations and build a bundle through four axes: safety culture; clinical decision-making; intervention planning; and interpersonal violence. Conclusions: the scientific evidence provided clear guidance on actions to improve the safety of psychiatric patients during hospitalization. This evidence also highlighted gaps in research, indicating the need for future studies in this area.
Reach and engagement on the history of nursing on social media in light of Pierre Lévy
Authors: Maia Natália Maria Freitas e Silva , Araújo Agostinho Antônio Cruz , Santos Ana Maria Ribeiro dos , Schreck Rafaela Siqueira Costa , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida , Santos Fernanda Batista Oliveira
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the reach and engagement on the history of nursing on social media of the Memory Center of the School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais (CEMENF/UFMG), in light of Pierre Lévy. Methods: Documentary study carried out on CEMENF’s Instagram and on the YouTube of the School of Nursing of UFMG, from September to December 2021. The findings were analyzed according to Pierre Lévy’s concepts. Results: Publications on social media, in the years 2020 and 2021, resulted in an average of 6.79 feed posts and 1.42 Reels on Instagram, with an average of 25.54 comments on feed posts and 512.17 views on Reels. As for YouTube, an average of 1.58 posts was observed, with 2164.08 views and 101.58 likes. Conclusions: Cyberspace can be a powerful instrument for bringing university museums closer to society and for disseminating extension and research projects.
O papel do radiologista na endemia da dengue: ensaio iconográfico
Authors: Oliveira Neto Edinaldo Gomes de , Nascimento Danilo Delamare Lucena , Bertoncini Tiago Vasques , Lopes Arthur Ataíde , Bezerra Alexandre Sérgio de Araujo , Soares Mayra Veloso Ayrimoraes
Published: January 2025

Resumo O vírus da dengue, membro da família Flaviviridae, causa uma arbovirose prevalente em regiões tropicais e subtropicais, transmitida por mosquitos Aedes. Estima-se entre 100–400 milhões de novas infecções anualmente, com subnotificação devidas a sistemas de vigilância limitados. A infecção pode variar de assintomática a síndrome do choque por dengue. Em 2024, o Brasil enfrenta uma situação endêmica de dengue, observando um aumento sazonal significativo com a notificação de mais de 4,5 milhões de casos prováveis. Exames de imagem como ultrassonografia, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética são cruciais para detectar complicações, auxiliando no manejo clínico e no diagnóstico diferencial, especialmente em casos graves. O objetivo deste ensaio iconográfico é ilustrar os achados radiológicos da dengue, com ênfase no cenário de urgência e emergência.
Ultrasonographic findings in female inmates in a prison unit in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Andrade Soraya Gomes de Amorim , Andrade Fernando Moreira de , Araujo Júnior Edward , Gonçalves Wagner José , Aldrighi José Mendes
Published: January 2025

Abstract Objective: To characterize the ultrasonographic findings in female inmates in a prison unit in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to analyze the associations between ultrasonographic findings and sociodemographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that analyzed the ultrasonographic examinations performed in consecutive female inmates in a prison unit in the city of São Paulo, between 2015 and 2020. The following ultrasound examinations were performed: soft tissue, thyroid, cervical, breast, transvaginal, pelvic gynecology, total abdomen, upper abdomen, and kidney/urinary tract in B-mode, with color Doppler, or both. Results: The sample consisted of 478 women who underwent 1,274 ultrasound examinations. The mean age was 40.0 years (range, 22-73 years). Over half (58.2%) of the women were single, 50.2% were White, and 59.6% self-identified as heterosexual. An ultrasonographic finding of uterine myoma was associated with older age (p = 0.022), higher body mass index (p = 0.022), and being tattooed (p = 0.040). An ultrasonographic finding of simple ovarian cyst was associated with sexual orientation (p = 0.020), whereas a finding of adenomyosis were associated with older age (p = 0.012). An ultrasonographic finding of polycystic ovaries was associated with younger age (p < 0.001). The most common ultrasonographic findings were uterine myoma (in 13.6%), biliary lithiasis (in 13.4%), and renal lithiasis (in 11.5%). Conclusion: The most common ultrasonographic findings in female inmates were uterine myoma, biliary lithiasis, and renal lithiasis.
Reflexões acerca do contexto atual e da avaliação da formação da graduação médica no Brasil
Authors: PEREIRA JÚNIOR GERSON ALVES , COLLEONI NETO RAMIRO , ALVES ROSANA , GUEDES HERMILA TAVARES VILAR , GUEDES JORGE CARVALHO , HAMAMOTO FILHO PEDRO TADAO , DOLCI JOSÉ EDUARDO LUTAIF , FERNANDES CESAR EDUARDO
Published: January 2025

RESUMO Este artigo de reflexão pode ser dividido em duas partes complementares. A primeira mostra o contexto atual da formação médica no Brasil trazendo os dados mais recentes do número de graduandos e sua crescente defasagem em relação ao número reduzido de vagas de residência médica que, mesmo sendo a modalidade mais adequada para formar especialistas, tem sido preterida ao número excessivo de cursos de pós-graduação Lato Sensu. A segunda parte discute as possibilidades de avaliação da formação médica, que é terminal no Brasil, possibilitando que o médico recém-formado possa ter o registro profissional para exercer a medicina, sendo avaliado apenas pelo seu próprio curso médico. A evolução histórica das iniciativas de avaliação da formação médica é mostrada e discutida em termos técnicos acerca dos prós e contras, envolvendo os médicos formados no Brasil e no exterior.