bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organization of the Statutory Audit of Financial Statements in Romania
Authors: Ungureanu Gabriela
Published: January 2018

Economic entities around the world, regardless of their membership - public or private sector - the size, the object of activity, prepare financial statements for presentation of financial information users (investors, creditors, customers, suppliers, public institutions). The financial statements provide information about financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an entity - information underlying to base decision process. For Romania, the financial audit was not a tradition. Recognized as a top area of the accounting profession, financial audit was legislated in 1999. Statutory audit, audit of annual financial statements or consolidated annual statements have been established 9 years later (Emergency Regulation no. 90 June 24, 2008), by transposing Directive 2006/43/EC of 17 May 2006 of the European Parliament and of Council on statutory audit of annual accounts and consolidated accounts, in order to ensure oversight of auditors, in the public interest.
Clarifications and Proposals for Improvement in Romanian Accounting Regulations on Profit Distribution / Cover Loss and Presentation of Information Appropriate
Authors: Rotila Aristita
Published: January 2018

Starting from the analysis of accounting regulations in compliance with European directives applicable to the different categories of entities, as well as from the findings of a study we carried out concerning the financial statements of certain economic agents, in this paper we intend to signal some aspects which, in our opinion, require clarifications, and to launch some proposals leading to the improvement of Romanian accounting regulations, even though these will still be applied over a period of time.
Deepening integration coordinates of the European Assembly
Authors: Bucur Andreea
Published: January 2018

The European economic integration is, by its nature, a very complex and multilateral process, representing a wide area for multidisciplinary studies and research. At the same time, in the current context, the European integration acquires new additional valences, reason for which we can say that the significance of issues related to its manifestation is not diminishing but rather increases. Considering the importance and topical of the researched subject, this paper aims to present and highlight the complexity of deepening as a fundamental dimension of European economic integration, and possible consequences resulting from its implementation.
The sustainability of public debt in Romania in economic and financial crisis
Authors: Dobranschi Marian
Published: January 2018

Public finances are key driver in the EU for economic recovery as the debth of the recession and credit constraints require fiscal policy action. This paper emphasis the needed review of public debt and its role in economic development as a particular challenge for emerging economies such as Romania. We explore the most important effects of public debt on economic growth like crowding-out effect, the realtionship between private and public financial transfers, the effect of public debt over GDP growth, inflation and on the sustainability of fiscal policy on the long run. Finnaly we estimate that the composition of public debt can suport debt stabilization and how debt management can stabilize the debt to GDP ratio in face to real returns and outputs growth and thus supports fiscal restraint in ensuring sustainability.
Transnational companies and production global networks
Authors: Golea Valentina , Niculescu Nicoleta , Niculescu Dragos
Published: January 2018

Internationalizing a company is an objective process. The historical reality shows that, while developing, the company tends to exceed its local, national and regional limits of business environment, in order to expand its activity into the global economic space, whose formatting is possible through the very company’s movement towards exterior. This process is based on the imminent expansionism of the market forces, their tendencies to invade the environment “unmarketedly”, and to include it in an economic system based on the market mechanism. Companies involve themselves in the international production because they have a specific competitive advantage which is best exploited in this way. The advantage can consist in a product or in a brevetted technique, but it may also include management techniques or such as: company’s or its employee’s qualification and expertise.
Statistical analysis of the structure and dynamics of the number of students in public education over the past two academic years from Bacau
Authors: Harja Eugenia
Published: January 2018

Bacau public university, represented by the “Vasile Alecsandri”University from Bacau, is the third such center in the region. With more than 7400 students, it represents 7.5% of North-East Region and 1.1% of the total country. The number of students registered in the academic year 2009/2010 a positive dynamic in total (11.9%, 792 students) than the previous year. For the university studies, the number of students increased by 5%, dynamics above average recording the Faculty of Sciences (58.3%), Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health (15.1%), Faculty of Economics (+ 13.3%). The students in the academic program stand for 73.5% of the total, from the masters programs 15.2%, from the postgraduate masters 9.2%, other postgraduate courses 1.5% and 0.6% doctoral school. In the last two years, over 3200 graduate students have completed the university.
Statistical analysis of the structure and dynamics of material and human resources in public education over the past two academic years in Bacau
Authors: Harja Eugenia
Published: January 2018

The public university education in Bacau, represented by “Vasile Alecsandri” University from Bacau has developed over the past two years not only in terms of student numbers, but as human and material resources available to them. After the number of students per teacher, public higher education from Bacau is situated on the second place after Iasi, the number of teachers representing 1% of the country. The structure by scientific degrees of teachers has improved in the last year, reaching over 36% professors and lecturers and 144 PhDs. Over 55% of the teachers are younger than 40 years. The material basis has improved both quantitatively and qualitatively by putting into use a new building, bringing an additional 27 classrooms and 11 seminar rooms and providing the conditions of modern higher education.
The role of non governmental organizations in monitoring and evaluating public policies, measuring the effects stressing the impact on regional economic policy implementation
Authors: Judeu Viorina
Published: January 2018

Regional policy implementation encounters difficulties and limitations similar to those for other areas of economic policy. The main difficulties are those arising from uncertainty in the gaps of time and the nature of the political climate. As a variant influencing the selection process by which a public interest issue to be solved and the stages of monitoring / evaluation of the implementation of public policies are often part of the current work of NGOs. Depending on the area of expertise / interest for a particular topic at a time, NGOs have chosen to monitor / assess the performance of authorities in implementing a solution to solve a problem, depending on certain parameters.
Workforce quality culture in contemporary economy considerations regarding Romania
Authors: Mateescu Petronela
Published: January 2018

Quality culture development relies on the understanding of the laws of change in force in an institution or organization, and it requires knowledge of the culture evolution in that organization. The employees of an organization feel whenever certain changes occur and they should therefore be aware that all the organization decision makers must get involved in planning and implementing the changes, so as to assure the former that everything goes according to the plan.
The road to a free market- law, legislation and the entrepreneurship
Authors: Munteanu Ligia
Published: January 2018

The development of a country depends on the legal system of that country. Romanian aconomy haw knoweded, as many states, different ideologies and govemental methods, the segnificant difference< beetween then being the degree of state interventionism in the economy. To obtain a free market, we need a proper legal system, a special guvernmental attitude and a good implementation of the state of law principles and democracy. As we feel the need of change, the state tries to come with new programs and perspectives. The result is a legislative inflation, that scares any antreprenorial initiative. But there is another way of forming new institutions or changing them, more appropriate to the market. This is the way based on practical experience, tradition and responsability.
Romania’s foreign trade with the European Union in 2008
Authors: Stangaciu Ancuta
Published: January 2018

In this study, I proposed to analyze the spatial concentration of international trade flows between Romania and the European Union both overall and by the sections of the Combined Nomenclature. Using statistical analysis methods such as square and Gini’s index or Onicescu informational energy, I concluded that Romania’s main trade partners are Italy, Germany and France and trade relations with these 3 countries are characterized by exchanges of good to cover, generally a wide range of products.
The competences of European Union institutions in the trade policy (Lisbon Treaty)
Authors: Timbur Margareta
Published: January 2018

The European Union is the best known at the world’s leading trade power and the common trade policy is the core of EU external relations. The events of the last years and the extension of the EU to 27 member proved that the functioning system could no longer continue and was requiring a new institutional framework. The Lisbon Treaty was the right solution. It purposes are to bring changes for the citizens, institutions, external relations foe the consolidation of democracy in EU. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the major revisions introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon regarding the trade policy. Also, it analyses the extension and clarification of EU competence, the greater role of the European Parliament and the inclusion of investment policy in trade policy, the voting rules in trade area and the international negotiation of trade agreements. The study describes, as well, the impact of Lisbon Treaty implementation on the MS which are independent nations, but without power of decision in the common trade policy.
Romanian legal rules and promotion of tourism in the community
Authors: Tutuianu Ion
Published: January 2018

In the context of EU enlargement, was normal and record tourism market development and competition. But tourism market works best when no participant's able to dictate terms. Otherwise, market monopolization occurs causing regression, generating serious disputes and contradictions. Therefore it proceeds to adoption and use of special legislative measures at national and community to counter these trends. The role falls to the State to be the organizer of the optimal conditions for tourism market development through the application of economic laws and removing barriers, promoting basic levers of the tourism market: demand, supply and competition as a way of confrontation between the owners of tourist offers and market demand.
Urban Marketing and its Impact over the Touristic Attractiveness of the Cities – A Conceptual Approach
Authors: Alexa Elena
Published: January 2018

Considering the current issues the urban centers are dealing with, the amplified city competitiveness and the increased demand of qualitative public services, it appears the need to apply new urban management approaches, more oriented toward the market and the current needs of the city. The competitive environment pressure creates the need to pass from an entirely administrative approach to a more managerial one, in all aspects regarding the current problems of the cities. Thus, the urban stakeholders borrow more and more often working methods and techniques specific until now only for the private sector, in order to increase the public service’s performance and to sustainable develop their community. Urban marketing came as a natural response to the cities needs to bring added value to their urban management strategies. The final objective is to increase the cities attractiveness for different target groups: starting with the current and future inhabitants, continuing with tourists and finishing with potential investors, which by relocating their business, could become a part of the faster and more sustainable urban development.
Product range optimization – case study
Authors: Barsan Simona , Sima Mihaela
Published: January 2018

The paper presents the optimizing procedure of the product range manufactured by a company which operates in the area of production and sales of the milling and bakery products. The paper authors have taken this company as an example since the products it manufactures and commercializes address to population and are required to meet both qualitative and quantitative market requirements. After a brief overview of the company, one analyses its production capacity, staff structure and distribution as well as the concern of the company for the employees’ training in its activity field, so as to fulfill all the necessary and required conditions for developing a qualitative activity. The analysis continues with: the cost of the product before optimization, software presentation and computerized optimization procedure, the selection of the products to be optimized, data collection, the optimization procedure, results obtaining and analysis, choosing the optimal solution for the analyzed products analysis and for the future competitiveness of the company.
The evaluation of the link between talent and potential of human resources
Authors: Daneci-Patrau Daniel
Published: January 2018

The term “talent”, assigned to distinctive employees was certainly the past years leitmotif. Nowadays, the organizations need performance and for this reason they turn their attention towards the instruments which help them discover and explore the potential in people. In a context in which the crisis affects directly the labor market and the employees are more and more afraid of the possibility of losing their jobs, the incertitude and the insecurity appear more often. Especially, in these times, the need for continuous feedback, particularly connected to the decisions taken by the management, to the results of the company, to the adopted strategy and the way in which it reflects itself in the employees’ activity, is felt by all employees, no matter their role or their position. In this article, I presented the personal profile of the successful manager and the execution stages with the related conclusions in an evaluation program for the potential of the human resources in a sales company.
The Great Depression and the current crisis: brand-related attitudes
Authors: Ichim Cosmin
Published: January 2018

History should prevent us from repeating the mistakes of the past. This article focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the branding and promotion events that occurred during the Great Depression (1929-1933), projected on the decision of the marketing and management specialists of our times. The economic manifestations, such as: the unemployment rate, the decrease of the purchasing power, the crediting related difficulties, etc., specific to both periods of recession, revolve around the consumer and the way he modifies his consumer behavior. This paper tries to find an answer to the following question: given the decisions made by the managers in the 30’s, what brand strategies are recommended for this period? The answers to the question above are the object of the conclusions of this article. The recommendations provided herein invite us to meditate upon the depression from the previous century and to take a critical look at various marketing related attitudes, such as the disregard for rebranding or brand creation and the diminution of the promotion budgets.
The financial behavior of the banking services’ consumers regarding the credit- contracting for the crisis-period in Romania
Authors: Olteanu Laura , Krajnik Izabella
Published: January 2018

The knowledge of costumer behavior can be interpreted as a provocation in the current economical conditions, however in conditions of crisis it becomes of vital importance. Consumer behavior is influenced by a series of factors. In the present conditions of economic-crisis, the consumers’ financial behavior regarding the banking services is strongly influenced by the economic environment. The psychological factor makes itself known, and consumers become more attentive with their financial resources, those owned or attracted.
The correlation between the development of human resource in education and the Romanian economy
Authors: Pintilie Daniela , Pintilie Ciprian , Chelu Andreea
Published: January 2018

This article is a thorough reflection on development of human resources and on influence they have programs career development of individual improvement. Representative data describe the impact of development programs on educational career. Education plays an essential role in the life of the individual both in terms of career, as well as economically. In this sense, the informations and the representative data which characterizes the Romanian educational system and ensure quality in education, are in important issue.
The contribution of human resources management systems in achieving competitive advantage
Authors: Porutiu Anuta
Published: January 2018

Competition has become a current and difficult problem for any organization. This raises the need for the companies to obtain competitive advantages. One way to do this is making use of appropriate information technology, which is the task of information systems for top management. Computer technology and data communication technology alter the parameters within which competition unfolds in all fields. Whereas in the past information technology was oriented to data storage, in the modern world it must provide a dynamic vision on the organization, facilitating adaptation to changes in business environment and thus ensuring competitiveness. In this way, information technology becomes a competitive weapon which is extremely effective in achieving the objectives of the organization. In addition, it is applicable in any field of activity regardless of the organization’s size.
The Economic Role of Tourism and the Dimension of the Touristic Phenomenon on a National and Global Scale
Authors: Isac Florin , Cureteanu Radu , Rusu Sergiu
Published: January 2018

Nowadays tourism represents a quite distinct field of human activity, a component of highest importance of the economic and social life for an ever larger number of countries on the globe. Tourism evolves constantly due to the changes occurring in contemporary civilization, its dynamics integrating in the general process of development.
Business Intelligence Systems in the business strategy - an approach to the Romanian reality
Authors: Serghie Dan , Balan Ana Maria
Published: January 2018

The Economics doesn’t mean an accumulation of disparate sciences, is a coherent set of related theories in the support of certain ideas from the schools of thought or arising from different research areas. In the Economics, the complementarities between practice and theory are potentiated first by utilitarian reasons and highlighted through the correlation between static systems with dynamic ones. The dynamism of the market today, the volatility given by the competitive environment, the disappearance or weakening of the entry barriers in a sector of activity, make the information to become the most important asset of a company. The access to information, especially analysis, reporting and forecasting in real time (management information) represent the condition and the scaffolding in the competitive environment from our days.
Customer complaining behaviour – its effects on companies’ evolution
Authors: Stefura Gabriela
Published: January 2018

Now days the role of the consumer in the economy is taken very seriously and, in some cases, we can easily talk about the consumer’s “supremacy”. All the efforts of the companies are concentrated on the consumers and finding the best way to attract them, but gaining their trust and building a longterm relationship is even more difficult now due to a very intense competition on all the markets. Client service can always help a company to differentiate itself from the others, this including the management of customer complaints. The subject is still very sensible because many consumers are not aware of the complaining system or are shy in displaying this kind of behaviour, so companies can develop strategies to educate and council clients regarding the complaining process, managing in this way to gain trust and also to increase profitability.
Facets of pharmacists recommendation on over-the-counter market in Romania
Authors: Talaba Monica , Andrei Andreia
Published: January 2018

This study proposes to explore the valued aspects for persons who buy dietary supplemnets and whether pharmacists recommendation influence the buying decision and in what measure. The study is based on a initial qualitative research, followed by a quantitative research, both on pharmacists and consumers from the city of Iasi. The results differ to an extent from the findings in West European studies. Pharmacists recommendation is of subjective nature, influenced by the relation they have with the over-the-counter (OTC) producing company representative and by the trust they place in a brand or anither. From the viw of the customers, pharmacists recommendation has certain power in taking the decision to buy but it is not the most important aspect nor the only one taken into consideration. The reasearch identifies 6 important aspects for the customers when they buy OTC products and 4 aspects that the pahramacists take into account when recommending a producer od dietary supplements to the pacients.
Highlights of Marketing Research in Romania
Authors: Timiras Laura , Nichifor Bogdan , Zait Luminita
Published: January 2018

Being in direct dependence with markets development - namely, with economic development level, intensity of competition and consumers demands - domestic marketing research market registered up to the year 2008 a sustained increased. More and more players have come at this market, as represented of both world famous organizations, and locally operating companies. Revenues from marketing research services showed significant annual increases for most market operators. So as expected, the economic crisis spread at this level too, the year 2009 marking the beginning of earnings decline in marketing research services. On the activity distribution point of view the research marketing market in Romania is a concentrated one, mainly dominated by a relatively small number of multinational companies.
Incomplete and imperfect information for sales compensation
Authors: Valeanu Raluca
Published: January 2018

Sales force compensation represents the fix and / or variable payment by the company. To compensate agents based on the results, the company set a goal which is brought to their attention through the compensation plan. Applying the model of moral hazard, where the agent behavior cannot be verified, it cannot be specified in the contract what is the expected behavior of the agent. In order to make an offer to contract principal should know the effort that the agent will submit it to define the payment and the contract is determined optimally in trade between the two conflicting objectives of the two participants in the contract. Although agent behavior cannot be verified, the result of this behavior should be measurable at the end of the contract so that the employer may make the contract contingent on effort commission agent for sale of which is measured by the amount of earnings to the company.
Consideration on the price stability – financial stability relationship in the context of financial globalization
Authors: Apostoaie Marius
Published: January 2018

This study is focused upon the involvement of the central banks regarding the fulfillment of the two main objectives: price  stability and financial stability. These two key concepts are part of an old and ongoing debate that the current turmoil has revived, and that is whether monetary policy should aim, or not, at ensuring financial stability in parallel to its main objective of price stability. On both sides there are solid and well known arguments. In the beginning of the study I have  considered a literature review with regard to price and financial stability issues. After that I have tried to shed some light (from a theoretical point of view) on the nature and dynamics of the fundamental interlinkages between the two aspects and there implications on the central banks and the economy. Finally I outline some general conclusions that have emerged in the present study.
Improvement of Cost Calculation in Constructions – Application of the Standard Cost Method
Authors: Breuer Adela , Lesconi Frumusanu Mihaela , Ciurea Jeanina , Rosu Monica
Published: January 2018

Grace to the analysis of several commercial companies effectively performed “on the field”, we could remark the necessity to change the method of cost calculation, our motivation being related to the simplification of calculations and the reduction of the labour volume, but especially the necessity to know in due time the deviations occurred as well as the causes having led to their apparition. The importance of knowing the deviations in due time results from the very basic characteristics of the constructions execution, i.e. the performance of works during several budgetary years, which leads to the modifications of prices and materials, the introduction of new technologies, and to the performance of open air activities, making the execution of constructions works be influenced by the atmospheric condition. But the most important aspect of knowing the deviations is the correct determination of expenses and their inscribing in the corresponding period, in view of determining the result of the budgetary year. Our proposal for the enhancement of the method of cost calculation in constructions is the application of the standard cost method in the variant “single standard cost”.
„The Control” in View of International Accounting Regulation and Romanian Accounting Regulation
Authors: Ciuraru-Andrica Cristina , Oprisan Elena
Published: January 2018

In Romania, financial reporting accountant is governed by Accounting Low number 82/1991, republished, and O.M.F.P. 3.055/2009 approving the accounting regulation in accordance with European Directives. To these are added the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS, IAS and IFRIC) of which must take into account certain Romanian legal persons in accordance with applicable regulations. Therefore this paper presents the main points of the control from the two types of accounting regulations perspective (national and international) applied in our country.
Interdependencies Between the Capital Market and the Monetary Policy Decisions
Authors: Guni Claudia
Published: January 2018

The declared scope of this work is to highlight the main correlations between the monetary and the capital market, including identifying the adequate objective of monetary policy which might positively influence over the offer on the capital market. The main target of the monetary market consists in the stability of the prices. The link between monetary policy and stock market is extremely important. The stock prices are sensible to economical conditions. Moreover, these prices rapidly change, thus there is a chance for a deviation from the fundamental value, with side-effects for economy.
Small Business Financing – an Economic Growth Stimulator
Authors: Ivas Lilia
Published: January 2018

Small business is an important lever for solving a whole complex of political, economic and social problems, taking into consideration its effectiveness in society. It attracts population to promote economic reforms, it fulfils the market with goods and services, it creats new job places, it grows entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial culture, developes a careful attitude towards property, forms a progressive structure of the national economy. We can deduce after the research in this article that as an independent and irreplaceable structure, the small and medium enterprise sector in Moldova constitutes one of the most efficient levers that contribute at solutioning the economic and social problems. It also is a factor which structurally transforms the economy, consolidates its economic base and its zones, fulfils in an accelerate mode the market with goods and services, attenuates the monopolism and favours competition development, implementation of scientific and technical achievements, the country's increasing export opportunities, providing new jobs to a large number of people .
EMU – “Optimum” or “Viable” Currency Area?
Authors: Bucur Andreea
Published: January 2018

Although the increasing heterogeneity as an effect of European Union enlargement, referring especially to the last two waves, is perceived as a single internal market and also euro single currency risk, European Monetary Union represents an important step towards deepening economic integration. Controversy on the Optimum Currency Area issue has created difficulties in empirical research effort to find appropriate responses to the EMU dilemma: is Euro zone an „optimum” or rather “viable” currency area?
Statistical analysis of trade relations of Romania with the EU member states
Authors: Harja Eugenia , Stangaciu Ancuta
Published: January 2018

This study was done to analyse the structure in teritorial profile of the commercial relations of Romania compared to the European Union member states for year 2011. Based on the value of export and import trade flows for each EU member state with Romania and using statistical methods of analysis, there were subjected to processing existing information to determine the spatial distribution of foreign trade in the perspective of key trade partners Community market. As indicators such as trade balance and coverage of imports by exports is a proof to the effectiveness of trade relations between Romania and the EU Member States, there were also calculated the mentioned indicators for each Member State.
Chambers of work - steps in the development of labor law
Authors: Tutuianu Ion
Published: January 2018

Social changes that followed the war and perfection state unit generated new and complex problems in all areas. We try to present problems directly aimed at the working class, that is formalized and institutionalized labor, social and economic context of the time. As regards labor law of 1927 rooms and discussions around it, brought the authors to the conclusion that trying to regulate relations between labor and capital and precise directives followed, social reconciliation, abolition of trade union activity, labor movement split and its supervision. Concessions workers were considered only illusory and employers with state dominance. However during 1933/1934, Chambers work activity had a positive role in the field of enforcement of labor law, serving an important role in other institutions and labor organizations, representing a significant step in the development of labor law.
Macro-prudentiality and financial stability
Authors: Ionescu Cristian
Published: January 2018

Taking into consideration the fact that financial crises, as a manifestation form of the financial instability, are becoming more and more frequent, complex and severe, it is important to discuss about the macroeconomic prudentiality, in order to protect and save the economy of a country or of a region by the inherent fragility of a very developed financial system. Therefore, the paper aims to analyze the following aspects: the macro-prudential regulation (in order to a better understanding of the financial instability process), the development of the macro-prudential vision and instruments (but emphasizing the existing limits) and economic policies (in order to implement an operational macro-prudential regulation).
Micro-prudentiality and financial stability
Authors: Ionescu Cristian
Published: January 2018

Given the high degree of importance of issues related to financial instability in modern economies, (financial, economic and social aspects), it is necessary the analysis of the microeconomic components that determine macroeconomic fluctuations, resulting in the visible financial instability. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the following aspects: financial fragility, as a measure of financial instability at the microeconomic level; micro-prudential regulation; microeconomic reform measures, which addresses problems related to capital, liquidity, risk management and supervision and market discipline. All these are integrated into the international Basel III framework of the Bank of International Settlements Regulations. In addition, the manner and the time of Basel III implementation of the capital and liquidity-related measures is very important. In addition, the paper aims to analyze the inter-connections and the compromises between capital and liquidity, trying to understand how the two are connected.
Taxation of income from tourists’ accommodation: case of Romanian boarding houses
Authors: Pacurari Doina
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the main aspects regarding taxation of income which the boarding houses’ owners get from tourists’ accommodation services. Whether they unfold the activity as legal person or obtain receipts as natural person, the boarding houses’ owners must pay tax to the budget. The tax calculation, term of payment, submission of tax declaration, these are some issues approached in this paper. The level of taxation affects accommodation tariffs and so their competitiveness. The fiscal optimization represents a very important aspect for business administration, irrespective of size of the economic entity.
Cash Advance Accounting: Accounting Regulations and Practices
Authors: Rotila Aristita
Published: January 2018

It is known the fact that often the entities offer to staff or third parties certain amounts of money, in order to make payments for the entities, such sums being registered differently in the accounting as cash advances. In the case in which the advances are offered in a foreign currency, there is the problem of the exchange rate used when justifying the advance, for the conversion in lei of payments that were carried out. In this article we wanted to signal the effect that the exchange rate, used in the assessment for reflecting in the accounting operations concerning cash advance reimbursements in a foreign currency, has on the information presented in the financial statement. Therewith, we signal some aspects from the content of the accounting regulations, with reference at defining the cash advances, meaning, and the presentation in the balance sheet of cash advances, which, in our opinion, impose clarifications.
Similarities and disparities between Romanian individual and consolidated financial group statements
Authors: Tanasa Florentin , Prodan Doina
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify, analyse and assess the main connections and implications of consolidated accounts on enterprise economy. Appearance of consolidated financial statements is intrinsically linked to certain concepts, such as group, control, the perimeter of consolidation, percentages of interests, methods of consolidation, or restatements. For a more complete view regarding consolidated annual accounts, it is necessary to delimit and define these particular elements. This approach targets the presentation of our vision over positioning, place and function of financial consolidated statements in the process of the financial report. The study envisages a summary and comparison of ideas found on this subject in thespecialty literature, the regulations developed by various international bodies. Thus, we think it will facilitate the correct positioning of the consolidated financial statements and the consolidated accounts’ concepts. To achieve the proposed desiderates, we have used a constructive methodology for identifying disagreements, approvals and development of a speech to more efficient and effective management of the mentioned concepts.
Overview about project planning
Authors: Drob Catalin
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this article is to present the main aspects regarding project planning. This study is generally based on the fourth edition of the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) developed by the Project Management Institute (PMI) in 2008. According to this edition of PMBOK, project planning involves a group of processes required to establish the scope of the project, refine the objectives, and define the actions that must be undertaken to attain the objectives of the project.
Theoretical outline of supplier relationship management in conditions of economic uncertainty
Authors: Iacob Vladut
Published: January 2018

Internet facilities have created new ways to identify, negotiate and engage suppliers and partners worldwide. Adding value to organizations, supply chain management aims at streamlining all processes and communication channels between them and their main suppliers, to facilitate effective interactions and flawless. Critical conditions generated by the current crisis grew and deepened the importance of supply chain management concept and the leading organizations realized that business partners might be a key element for their success. Meanwhile, global exchange of information can improve business processes for better access to resources.
E.U.’s Strategy of Building a Knowledge Economy
Authors: Mironescu Roxana , Feraru Andreea
Published: January 2018

The European Union strategy for building knowledge-based economy includes a set of objectives, priority action areas, targets and measures to guide European policy for growth and employment. The European Union strategic objective is to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy.
In many fields of activity, economic too, knowledge is an important source of power, or, in other words, one of the main instruments of economic and social success. Knowledge must always be associated with mastering and anticipating changing phenomena and to the
everywhere challenges.
Entrepreneur: between the old and the new. Portrait of Romanian entrepreneur
Authors: Trofin Maria
Published: January 2018

Difficult to capture in precise strokes of a definition of entrepreneur is not only linguistic but also chronological connotations. Entrepreneur or business leader or intraprenor, designer or manager, are all "hats" of entrepreneurship or a mood that is creating new business at risk pressure to obtain the expected profit. This explains the need to recognize such a character profile, characteristics and mode of action creates situations that they face. Amplification of entrepreneurship and thus increase the number of people who create their own business, own business have as motivators: independent lifestyle, consider entrepreneurs as heroes, demographics, increasing share of services, new technologies, cultivating entrepreneurship, development of the Internet and globalization. The transformation of a person into an entrepreneur is influenced by four variables: the situation, psychological, sociological and economic. These are all plans that are designed impregnated cultural entrepreneur personality in which it evolves and you need entrepreneur must assume. In Romania, entrepreneurship even encouraged, financed and newer - educated, is just beginning. Who is Romanian entrepreneurs who are its features and are accomplishments are some of his recent studies and research findings at the last minute. To what extent can help individual entrepreneur and social welfare are some of the questions answered theoretically predictable. Practically answer is incomplete.
Specific elements of communication on agri-food products resulting from EU legislation
Authors: Timiras Laura
Published: January 2018

In the European Union a significant number of regulations aimed at agricultural and food sector thus creating the legal framework regarding the mode of production, pricing, distribution and communication in relation to agri-food products. Specificity agri-food marketing communication at EU level resulting in most of the measures taken with regard to ensuring consumer protection, food safety and security, some of them, in force in early 2012, referring to the labeling, presentation and advertising of agri-food products, sponsorship and distinctive signs of quality are shown in this paper.
INFLUENCE OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON BEHAVIOR OF BUSINESS: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SLOVAKIA AND UKRAINE
Authors: Ostapenko Nataliia Viktorovna
Published: January 2018

This article examines the influence of national culture on the behavior of enterprises by comparing two countries - Ukraine and Slovakia. The data is based on the original author's own research on the enterprises of Ukraine and Slovakia. The paper is investigated why and how cultural factors (informal institutions) may influence the perception of companies of rules of the game, and the formation of appropriate behavior. On the basis of surveys conducted among enterprises of Ukraine and Slovakia main conclusions about current formal rules of the game in these countries, perception by entrepreneurs these rules and the formation of certain behavior by them are done. In work on the basis of comparative analysis conclusions about the impact of national culture on the development of entrepreneurship in the national economy are done.

The author of the article examines the following indicators: national culture, personal characteristics of respondents, subordination of norms, opportunism, and coherence of formal and informal institutions at the national level. In particular the most important indicators of the perception of norms are: indicators of perception of entrepreneurs of regulation and public policies in the field of entrepreneurship, business productivity, perceptions of bribery and tax evasion, etc.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN A COMPANY
Authors: Stoica Petrică , Turcu Ovidiu Leonard
Published: January 2018

All organisations are primarily interested in maintaining and increasing intellectual capital assets, and knowledge management represents only a manner of supporting the satisfaction of this interest and of laying stress on this type of assets. A mistaken conception, according to which at the level of a company there is a finite knowledge store that can be “managed”, reflects nothing but the fact that, at the beginning, many companies have overlooked the general aim of their business. The intangible part is immaterial, difficult to describe, quantify and measure. The intangible asset has and creates value and that is why the evaluation of intellectual property does not represent a simple activity. From a modern viewpoint, organisational learning does not consist only in obtaining new knowledge, but also considers its employment in carrying out the activities of the company, and so it contributes to the generation of new knowledge. The success of companies depends on the personnel’s ability to understand, manipulate and develop information. In case of epistemic economy, the improvement of the innovation capacity, the creation of value and wealth are based on the division of knowledge.
INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS – MEANS OF COMMUNICATION WITH CUSTOMERS
Authors: Dobrescu Claudia-Nicoleta , Costencu Mirela
Published: January 2018

Within a company’s activities, an important role is granted to the performance and implementation of information campaigns for the final consumers. The paper has the general objective to identify specific issues that constitute the premises for the preparation and conduct of such activities, and especially the expected results. The analysis is performed and based on a direct research among several companies, which operate in various fields, for the identification of a method of performance and implementation of information campaigns that are necessary for ensuring visibility on the reference market. The aim of the study was to identify the importance that the firms from Resita give to information campaigns addressed to a target audience. The study was carried from April to May 2013 on a sample of small, medium and large firms, which operate in trade, manufacturing and services. The questions and the discussions addressed to the public were meant to outline the specific aspects of the exact way in which the information campaigns were done for their clients, but also to underline the results obtained with the help of these campaigns.
AUTOMOTIVE MARKET- FROM A GENERAL TO A MARKET SEGMENTATION APPROACH
Authors: Niminet Liviana Andreea
Published: January 2018

Automotive market and its corresponding industry are undoubtedly of outmost importance and therefore proper market segmentation is crucial for market players, potential competitors and customers as well. Time has proved that market economic analysis often shown flaws in determining the relevant market, by using solely or mainly the geographic aspect and disregarding the importance of segments on the automotive market. For these reasons we propose a new approach of the automotive market proving the importance of proper market segmentation and defining the strategic groups within the automotive market.
THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES IN WRITING/IMPLEMENTING EUROPEAN PROJECTS
Authors: Lesconi-Frumusanu Natalita Mihaela , Breuer Adela , Martin Mihaela
Published: January 2018

This paper focuses on aspects of accounting procedures in general accounting procedures specific to those projects with European funding within public institutions in particular. Given the great emphasis placed by the legislator on the development and implementation of accounting procedures, we consider that the theme is a nowadays one that can be used by accounting specialists who work as accountants and financial managers in European projects. We will also focuses on the attributes of the persons responsible for implementing the accounting procedures in a project but also on the importance of their proper professional training in the field. In preparing this paper we started from the legislative provisions in the field, and the results of the study aim to present the work procedures required for accounting organization within a project, and to present the accounting notes used for economic and financial operations specific for European Regional Development Fund funded projects which beneficiary is a public institution.
THE FINANCING OF R&D: CHALLENGES FOR ROMANIAN FIRMS
Authors: Diaconu Mihaela
Published: January 2018

This paper provides a review regarding the financing issues of innovative firms in Romania. The financing resources used by innovative firms are closely interdependent with innovation modes adopted by firms (R&D and non-R&D innovations). In the context I highlight the difficulties in attracting external funding resources and the implications for government policy. In this respect, I begin by describing some of the unique features of R&D investments. Then I discuss the various theoretical arguments why external finance for R&D might be more expensive than internal finance, going on to review statistical evidence on the support of this hypothesis and the solutions that have to be developed and adopted by the government. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy options.