bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF USING VIDEO ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT
Authors: Sri Juriati Ownie Samuel N Panjaitan And
Published: May 2019

The objective of the study was to investigate if using video significantly affectedstudents’ achievement in writing procedure text. This study was conducted byexperimental research. The population of the study was all the students of gradeIX of SMP Negeri 5 Sipahutar with the total number of the students was 96 inclasses. There were 64 students chosen as the sample by using random samplingtechnique. The sample was divided into two groups, namely control group andexperimental group. The experimental group was taught by using video andcontrol group was taught without using video. The instrument for collecting datawas writing test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied PearsonProduct Formula. The calculation showed that the reliability of the test is 0.87. Itwas categorized very high reliability. The data were analyzed by using t-testformula. The result of analysis shows that t-observed value is higher than t table(3.50>2.00) at level of significance 0.05 the degree of freedom 62. It means thatthe alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected.Based on the findings of this study, it found that there is a significant effect ofusing video on students’ achievement in writing procedure text.
THE EFFECT OF DESCRIPTION, INTERPRETATION, AND EVALUATION (DIE) TECNIQUE ON THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Sri Juriati Ownie Yusniah Tampubolon And
Published: May 2019

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of Description, Interpretation andEvaluation (DIE) Technique on the students achievement in writing descriptivetext. The research was conducted in experimental design. The subject of this studywas the 2013/2014 grade XI students of SMA N1 Tanjungpura. The sample thatwas involved in this research was 60 students that were chosen randomly, that ineach group there were 30 students. The experimental group was taught byapplying Description, Interpretation and Evaluation (DIE) Technique, whilecontrol group was taught by applying Lecture Method. The instrument used in thisstudy was an subjective test. The data were taken by administering the pre-testand post-test to both of experimental and control groups. The data were analyzedby using t-test formula, the analysis showed that the score of the students in theexperimental group was significantly higher than that of students in the controlgroup at the level of significance 0,5 with the degree of freedom (df) 58; the tobservedis 3,3 while the t-table is 2,00. To obtain the reliability of the test, thewriter used the Pearson Product Moment Formula. The result of the study showedthat the reliability of the test was 0,92. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) isrejected.
THE EFFECT OF USING SCRABBLES ON THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY ACHIEVEMENT IN GRADE VII AT SMP SINAR-HARAPAN
Authors: Lince Sihombing Ewin Pasaribu And
Published: May 2019

The objective of this study was to find out the effect of using Scrabbles on Students’ Vocabulary Achievement. It was conducted by using experimental research design. The population of this study was the Seventh Grade students of SMP Sinar Harapan (72) the class sample (VII2) was taken purposively and divided into two smaller classes. The data collection in this study was done by giving multiple choice tests. The material was texts about mass communication and they were being informed to the students in two ways, by using scrabbles and non-scrabbles. Pre-test and post-test were administered to find out the score of every student. The scores were being calculated into mean classes and analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis result of this study showed that experimental group (Scrabbles Learning Class) has reached better result which was indicated by the mean 73,125 (mean of Experimental Group) compared to 63, 375 (mean of Control Group). Statistically the result of both groups after being tested by t-test formula shows that tobs 5,065 is higher than ttable 2.088 (tobs 5, 065 > ttable 2.088), this concluded that Ho is Rejected and Ha is Accepted.
THE EFFECT OF PANEL DISCUSSION ON THE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Sumarsih Syukri Iskandar And
Published: May 2019

This study deals with the second year senior high school students’ in readingcomprehension. The objective of the study was the investigation of the effect ofPanel Discussion on the students’ in reading comprehension. The study wasdesigned in experimental research. The population of this study was the2015/2016 grade X students of SMA Swasta Dharmawangsa Medan. The totalnumber of population of the study was 415 students which consist of 12 classes.The sample of the research was 60 students. The technique used for obtaining thesample was the cluster sampling technique. The sample classes were divided intotwo groups, namely the experimental group that was taught by applying PanelDiscussion Technique, and the control group that was taught by applying classicalTechnique. The instrument for collecting data used objective test. The data weretaken by administering the pre-test and post-test to both of experimental andcontrol groups. The test was taken and selected from the National Examinationtest items that were related to the kind of narrative text. So, the validity andreliability of the test items were considered valid and reliable. The data werestatistically analyzed by using t-test formula at the level of significance α (0.05) =1.669 with the degree of freedom (df) = 65. It was found that the t-observed washigher than t-table (t-observed = 4.93 > t-table = 1.669; α = 0.05). It means thatPanel Discussion Technique significantly affect the students’ achievement inreading comprehension.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH READING MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS AT SMK PANCA BUDI 2 MEDAN
Authors: Busmin Gurning Sri Lestari Setiawan And
Published: May 2019

This study aims to design English reading materials needed for students atSMK Panca Budi 2 Medan and develop English reading materials for students atSMK Panca Budi 2 Medan. The research was conducted by Research andDevelopment (R & D) design through six phases; gathering information and data,analyzing data, designing new materials, validating by experts, revising, and finalproduct. It was conducted at SMK Panca Budi 2 Medan, especially grade XII. Thedata were gathered by administering interview to English teacher and distributingquestionnaire to 30 students to get the students’ needs. The interview andquestionnaire results prove that the students need English reading materials whichcontain the appropriate knowledge or topic with the BSNP (Badan Standar NasionalPendidikan), syllabus, and students’ level. Thus, developing materials are proceduretext. The procedure texts expose the texts about clerical duties which are adjacentwith students’ life. There are 3 text provided, they are: Arranging a Business Trip,How to Document Petty Cash Slips and Arranging a Formal Meeting. The productshave been validated by experts. The average scores are 4,25 from English teacher and4,25 English lecturer. It means the developing materials categorized as relevant orappropriate for students at SMK Panca Budi 2 Medan grade XII.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH SPEAKING MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS OF OFFICE ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Authors: Sortha Silitonga Dumora Malina Sijabat And
Published: May 2019

The objective of this study was to develop English speaking materials based on students’ needs. This study followed the steps of research and development proposed by Borg and Gall, which are 1) need analysis; 2) planning(writing syllabus); 3) designing materials; 4) material evaluation; 5) revising (writing final product). It was found that 82.85% students agreed that the existing materials currently used by the students were irrelevant with office administration program. The more relevant materials were then developed based on scientific approach and relevant with their study program and work life situation. The learning materials were developed into 3 units of speaking materials. The learning materials were then validated by two experts. The average score of the validation was 85. It showed that the developed learning materials were very good, relevant and feasible.
PENGARUH AKTIFITAS FISIK CONTINUOUS RUNNING DAN INTERVAL RUNNING TERHADAP SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE (SGOT) DAN SERUM GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE (SGPT)
Authors: Harahap Novita Sari , Pranata Riski
Published: May 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktifitas fisik continuous running dan interval running terhadap SGOT dan SGPT pada mahasiswa Ikor Unimed Tahun 2017. Penelitian dilakukan di Stadion Universitas Negeri Medan, Laboratorium Fisik FIK, dan Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Sampel penelitian menggunakan mahasiswa Ikor Unimed  sebanyak 14 orang. Desain penelitian menggunakan Pretest-Posttest Group Design. Aktifitas fisik continuous Running dan interval running dilakukan dengan menggunakan Treadmill selama 12 menit dengan intensitas 60-70 %. Pemeriksaan kadar SGOT dan SGPT dilakukan di awal dan di akhir perlakuan. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji t.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa peningkatan rerata kadar SGOT setelah aktifitas fisik continuous running sebesar 88,00 U/L yang sebelumnya sebesar 60,89 U/L dan setelah aktifitas fisik interval running sebesar 81,61 U/L yang sebelumnya 60,41 U/L. Hasil uji analisis diperoleh nilai p=0,662, yang menunnjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna p>0,05. Begitu juga dengan rerata kadar SGPT setelah aktifitas fisik continuous running sebesar 82,21 U/L yang sebelumnya sebesar 57,16 U/L dan setelah aktifitas fisik interval running sebesar 81,80 U/L yang sebelumnya 59,59 U/L. Hasil uji analisis diperoleh nilai p=0,655, yang menunnjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna p>0,05. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara aktifitas fisik continuous running dan aktifitas fisik interval running terhadap peningkatan SGOT dan SGPT pada mahasiswa IKOR UNIMED tahun 2017.Kata kunci: Continuous Running, Interval Running, SGOT dan SGPT
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN PEMBINAAN OLAHRAGA PRESTASI DI KONI PEMATANG SIANTAR
Authors: . Mesnan , Antonius Freddy
Published: May 2019

Penelitianini bertujuan untuk melihat Analisis Manajemen Pembinaan Olahraga Prestasi di KONI Pematang Siantar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik survei dengan menggunakan angket,jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 162 orang dan sample penelitian adalah 30 orang,kemudian dilakukan penyebaran angket dilokasi penelitian. Dari hasil penyebaran agket,setelah dianalisis dengan teknik persentase menunjukkan bahwa Manajemen Pembinaan Olahraga Prestasi yang dilakukan oleh Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia Pematang Siantar dikatagorikan baik sekali dengan persentase rata-rata sebesar 81,18% (sangat baik), dan  persentase berdasarkan 4 (empat) fungsi manajemen yaitu  perencanaan (planning) sebesar 71,9% (baik), pengorganisasian (organizing) sebesar 78,89% (baik), penggerakan (actuating) sebesar 85% (sangat baik), pengendalian (controlling) sebesar 88,93% (sangat baik). Dalam pembinaan olahraga  prestasi terdapatbeberapa faktor lainnya yang mempengaruhi prestasi pada KONI Pematang Siantar yaitu sumber dana yang terbatas karna hanya mengandalkan dari APBD dan sarana prasarana yang tersedia masih terbatas karna masih meminjam prasarana dari pihak kota Pematang Siantar Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa manajemen olahraga prestasi yang dilakukan oleh Komite Olahraga Nasional Indonesia Pematang Siantar memiliki katagori “baik”.Kata Kunci : Manajemen, Pembinaan, Olahraga, Prestasi
ANALISIS HASIL TALENT SCOUTING DISPORA KOTA MEDAN CABANG OLAHRAGA KARATE PADA CALON ATLET PPLD KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Ratno Puji , Nidyatama Neisya
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui siswa yang memiliki bakat dibidang karate berdasarkan hasil analisis talent scouting yang dilakukan oleh DISPORA Medan Untuk Dibina Menjadi Atlet PPLD Kota Medan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta yang berjumlah 274 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana yang akan menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi dengan kriteria memilih karate sebagai pilihan pertama atau kedua. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka didapat jumlah sampel sebanyak 7 orang.Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Intrumen penelitian berdasarkan tes sport search. Teknik analisis data menggunakan software sport search.Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa siswa yang memiliki bakat dibidang karate dari hasil talent scouting DISPORA Kota Medan Tahun 2018  berjumlah 7 orang dari 274 siswa yang mengikuti tes tersebut. Empat orang yang dikategori pertama dan 3 orang dikategori kedua. Dari ketujuh anak tersebut tidak ada satu anak pun yang masuk dalam binaan PPLD Kota Medan. Hal ini dikarenakan anak yang dibina oleh PPLD Kota Medan adalah anak yang sudah menekuni karate cukup lama, sering bertanding dan mendapatkan juara pada event daerah, sedangkan anak yang mengikuti talent souting DISPORA Kota Medan tahun 2018 pada umumnya belum menggeluti olahraga tertentu.  Kata Kunci: Karate, Talent Scouting, Sport  Search
Dilema Keamanan dan Respons Kolektif ASEAN Terhadap Sengketa Laut Cina Selatan
Authors: Suharman Yoga
Published: May 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan dua aspek politik keamanan di Laut Cina Selatan. Pertama, peran kolektif ASEAN dalam usaha memelihara stabilitas keamanan di Laut Cina Selatan dengan melihat pada aspek sistem keyakinan masing-masing negara yang berkepentingan. Kedua, konfigurasi kekuatan ekstra-regional dalam lingkup pengaruh pada kawasan yang dipersengketakan. Analisis dalam artikel ini menggunakan konsep Dilema Keamanan dan teori Persepsi. Data dan informasi dalam artikel ini diperoleh melalui telaah literatur dari sumber sekunder yang diinterpretasikan sehingga menghasilkan penjelasan yang bersifat analitis deskriptif. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian negara penuntut Laut Cina Selatan yang tergabung dalam ASEAN memiliki sistem keyakinan yang berbeda dalam mempersepsikan ancaman keamanan yang semakin diperumit oleh konfigurasi kekuatan ekstra-regional.
Fotografía de larga exposición y cine estructural: una reflexión en torno al Loop
Authors: Roncero Palomar Ricardo
Published: May 2019

La posibilidad de reflejar el tiempo en la escena fotográfica tiene unos condicionantes estéticos derivados de una necesidad técnica, la apertura y clausura del obturador. Esta guillotina temporal es la encargada de seleccionar el fragmento de tiempo que queremos registrar, de tal manera que las acciones ocurridas durante este periodo obtendrán una representación gráfica. Este articulo trata de reflexionar sobre estas representaciones y a su vez de enlazarlas con la figura del sample y del loop. Se trataría de vincular la posibilidad de representación del tiempo ligado al movimiento a traves de la fotografía, con la idea de repetición temporal que aporta el loop. Elemento que fue desarrollado especialmente por el cine estructural durante la década de los 60. Para ello se estudiarán diversos ejemplos, tanto fotográficos como cinematográficos, de obras que abordan la cuestión de la representación temporal y se relacionarán con documentos escritos sobre el tema. Abstract: The possibility to reflect time in the photographic medium has certain aesthetic constrains derived from a technical necessity; the opening and closing of the shutter. This temporary guillotine is responsible for selecting the fragment of time that we want to capture, in a way that the actions that occurred during this period will obtain a graphical representation. This article intends to reflect on these representations and link them with the figure of the sample and the loop. It attempts to link the possibility of representing time, associated to movement through photography, with the idea of temporal repetition of the loop, element which was specially developed by the Structural Cinema movement during the 60's. To find an answer, photographic and cinematographic examples that analyzed the issue of temporary representation will be studied and will be related with written documents about the subject.  Palabras clave: Fotografía; larga exposición; cine estructural; loop; sample; tiempo.  Keywords: Photography; Long-exposure; Structural Film; Loop; Sample; Time
La revuelta temporal como método de la vanguardia de entreguerras
Authors: Soliña Barreiro María
Published: May 2019

El cine de vanguardia es un medio privilegiado para estudiar la experiencia temporal moderna porque es un complejo compendio de tiempos  y discontinuidades. Y a su vez, la temporalidad es clave para definir y estudiar la vanguardia cinematográfica. En ella se unen el interés por la exploración del movimiento, los experimentos con la imagen, la desafección narrativa y la afección por lo real. Propone también la subversión del campo fílmico (y, por veces, social). Los cineastas de vanguardia no construían un discurso temporal alternativo pero sí se dotaban de un cuerpo coherente de revuelta basado en la exploración de esas temporalidades diversas. Trataron también de establecer la imagen como método, de deconstruir la racionalización instrumental del dominio visual y propusieron que de la variedad de discursos temporales en convivencia emanaba una nueva forma de historia y de imagen. Este artículo es un ensayo sobre el método de análisis de la temporalidad en la vanguardia. Abstract:Avant-garde cinema is a privileged means to study the modern time experience because it is a complex compendium of times and discontinuities. At the same time, the temporality is a key element to define and study the 20’s cinematographic avant-garde. This cinema is characterized by the exploration of movement, the experiments with the image, its lack of interest in narrativity and its interest on the real. It also proposes a subversion of the filmic field (and sometimes, also the social field).Avant-garde filmmakers did not construct an alternative temporal discourse but they organized a coherent uprising corpus based on the exploration of those diverse temporalities. They established the image as a method, the deconstruction of the instrumental rationalization of the visual dominion and they proposed that a new type of history and image emanates from the coexistence of the variety of temporal discourses. This paper is an essay on methods to study avant-garde temporality. Palabras clave: Cine de vanguardia; temporalidad; años 20; entreguerras; Benjamin.   Keywords: Avant-garde Cinema; Time; 20’s; Interwar Period; Benjamin
El arte cinematográfico y el arte gastronómico: dos caminos paralelos que transitan en torno al tiempo
Authors: Santamarina Andrea
Published: May 2019

Este artículo expone las semejanzas y diferencias entre el séptimo arte y la gastronomía de vanguardia a partir de la formulación de la siguiente hipótesis: si el cine es el arte por excelencia del tiempo y del espacio, mientras la gastronomía lo es de lo efímero: ¿en qué medida esta última puede ser un arte sin contar con la ayuda de los medios audiovisuales? Tras un capítulo introductorio en el que se definen y describen a grosso modo ambas disciplinas, el artículo señala, primero, los caminos paralelos que han seguido ambas desde la aparición del cinematógrafo para detenerse después en mostrar su imbricación con la sociedad de su tiempo y su entrada, casi simultánea, en los museos y, en el caso de la gastronomía, en los festivales a la par que hace hincapié en sus fuentes de inspiración, referencias y canales de exhibición y de divulgación. Por último, se detiene en analizar los puntos comunes de sus métodos de trabajo para, al igual que se ha venido haciendo en los apartados anteriores, señalar las concomitancias y diferencias existentes entre ambos.   Abstract: This article discusses the similarities and differences between cinema and avant-garde cuisine from the formulation of the following hypothesis: if cinema is the art par excellence of time and space, while cuisine is of the ephemeral: to what extent this last one can be an art without the help of audio-visual media? After an introductory chapter in which are defined and described roughly both disciplines, the article points out, first, the parallel ways followed by both since the birth of cinema to reflect on how to show their relation with the society of their time and their entrance, almost simultaneously, in museums and, in the case of gastronomy, in festivals, later. At the same time the article emphasizes in their inspiration sources, references and channels of display and divulgation. Finally, analyzes the common points of their working methods, as it has been done in previous sections, pointing out the similarities and differences between them. Palabras clave: Cine; gastronomía; procesos; tiempo; memoria; efímero. Keywords: Cinema; Gastronomy; Process; Time; Memory; Ephemeral.
La representación del dolor y la pérdida en el cine documental. El caso de Geografía del Dolor
Authors: Alcalá Anguiano Fabiola
Published: May 2019

Geografía del Dolor es un proyecto documental realizado por la fotoperiodista mexicana Mónica González. Este filme retrata las consecuencias de la guerra contra el narcotráfico, a través del testimonio de familiares que buscan a sus desaparecidos o que reclaman su asesinato.  En este texto planteamos un análisis de la parte audiovisual del proyecto, desde un punto de vista hermenéutico y siguiendo la lógica del discurso retórico. El objetivo es preguntarnos sobre los recursos ético-estéticos que utiliza, y ver si existe alguna concordancia con filmes documentales clásicos, preocupados también por reflexionar sobre la representación del dolor y la pérdida.  Abstract: Geografía del dolor is a documentary project by the Mexican photojournalist Mónica González. It portrays the consequences of the war on drugs, through the testimony of relatives looking for their missing ones or claiming his murder. Trough this paper we propose an analysis of the audiovisual part of the project, from a hermeneutical point of view and following the logic of rhetorical discourse. The goal is to wonder about the ethical and aesthetic resources used and also to see if there is any agreement with classic documentary films, worried too, to reflect on the representation of pain and loss. Palabras clave: Cine documental; ética; estética; fotoperiodismo; desaparecidos; dolor y pérdida. Keywords: Documentary film; ethics; aesthetics; photojournalism; missing; grief and loss.
Stability analysis of fourth-order iterative method for finding multiple roots of non-linear equations
Authors: Cordero Alicia , Jaiswal Jai P. , Torregrosa Juan R.
Published: May 2019

The use of complex dynamics tools in order to deepen the knowledge of qualitative behaviour of iterative methods for solving non-linear equations is a growing area of research in the last few years with fruitful results. Most of the studies dealt with the analysis of iterative schemes for solving non-linear equations with simple roots; however, the case involving multiple roots remains almost unexplored. The main objective of this paper was to discuss the dynamical analysis of the rational map associated with an existing class of iterative procedures for multiple roots. This study was performed for cases of double and triple multiplicities, giving as a conjecture that the wideness of the convergence regions of the multiple roots increases when the multiplicity is higher and also that this family of parametric methods includes some specially fast and stable elements with global convergence.
The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in some foods from industrialized areas in South Eastern Nigeria: human health risk impact
Authors: Onyedikachi Uchechi Bliss , Belonwu Chuka Donatus , Wegwu Mattew Owhonda
Published: May 2019

This study investigated the potential health risk due to dietary exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) for the populace living around selected industrial areas in the south eastern states of Nigeria. The concentrations of PAHs were measured in edible food crops using Gas Chromatography - Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID). The mean concentration of PAHs in food crops collected ranged from < 0.01 to 2.64 ± 0.02, 5.27 ± 0.04, 0.96 ± 0.02, 8.94 ± 0.01 and 1.95 ± 0.06 in mg/kg for Osisioma, Ishiagu, Irete, Akwuuru, and Ngwo respectively. PAHs distributions in food samples analyzed in this study showed vegetables to be significant higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the order vegetables > fruits > nuts > tubers. Total PAHs (ΣPAHs) concentrations in most crop samples had highest values 14.49, 36.29, 4.59, 23.36 and 21.8 mg/kg for Chyrysophyllum albidum, Telferia occidentalis, Vernonia amygdalina, Talinum triangulare and Elaies guinnensis for Osisioma, Akwuuru, Irete, Ishiagu and Ngwo respectively. The low molecular weight-PAHS/high molecular weight-PAHS were < 1 with values 0.76, 0.18, 0.28, 0.91 and 0.12 for Osisioma, Irete, Akwuuru, Ishiagu and Ngwo respectively. 58.3% and 71.7% of ΣB(a)P and ΣPAHs in food samples in the study areas exceeded the permissible limits set by DPR and EU. The estimated daily intake of PAHs via the ingestion of food crops were within the tolerable range. The carcinogenic risk values for the food crops were within the predicted permissible lifetime risks of carcinogen (10−6-10−4) for adults and children in Osisioma, Akwuuru, Ishiagu and Enugu respectively. Therefore, this study suggests that the populace around industrialized areas in South Eastern Nigeria, may be at risk due to PAHs exposure through food consumption.
A simplex method for the calibration of a MEG device
Authors: Vivaldi Valentina , Sommariva Sara , Sorrentino Alberto
Published: May 2019

MagnetoEncephaloGraphy (MEG) devices are helmet–shaped arrays of sensors that measure the tiny magnetic fields produced by neural currents. As they operate at low temperature, they are typically immersed in liquid helium. However, during the cooling process the sensor position and shape can change, with respect to nominal values, due to thermal stress. This implies that an accurate sensor calibration is required before a MEG device is utilized in either neuroscientific research or clinical workflow. Here we describe a calibration scheme developed for the optimal use of a MEG system recently realized at the “Istituto di Cibernetica e Biofisica” of the Italian CNR. To achieve the calibration goal a dedicated magnetic source is used (calibration device) and the geometric parameters of the sensors are determined through an optimisation procedure, based on the Nelder-Mead algorithm, which maximises the correlation coefficient between the predicted and the recorded magnetic field. Then the sensitivity of the sensors is analytically estimated. The developed calibration procedure is validated with synthetic data mimicking a real scenario.
On weak regularity requirements of the relaxation modulus in viscoelasticity
Authors: Carillo Sandra , Chipot Michel , Valente Vanda , Caffarelli Giorgio Vergara
Published: May 2019

The existence and uniqueness of solution to a one-dimensional hyperbolic integro-differential problem arising in viscoelasticity is here considered. The kernel, in the linear viscoelasticity equation, represents the relaxation function which is characteristic of the considered material. Specifically, the case of a kernel, which does not satisfy the classical regularity requirements is analysed. This choice is suggested by applications according to the literature to model a wider variety of materials. A notable example of kernel, not satisfying the classical regularity requirements, is represented by a wedge continuous function. Indeed, the linear integro-differential viscoelasticity equation, characterised by a suitable wedge continuous relaxation function, is shown to give the classical linear wave equation via a limit procedure.
Mathematical Approach and Implementation of Frequency Mapping Techniques in Power-Line Communications Channel
Authors: Lukusa Tedy , Ouahada Khmaies , Ferreira Hendrik C.
Published: May 2019

Power-line channel is considered to be a very hostile channel compared to other channels in view of the different types of noise that could exist. Therefore, the choice of the error correcting code and the modulation scheme can play a big role in combating the noise in such a channel. M -FSK modulation has shown its robustness for such a type of channel. Two frequency mappings techniques are presented in this paper. In the first technique, M orthogonal frequencies are arranged in sequences based on the value and the position of permutation symbols, while in the second technique, the frequencies are rearranged based on the sign changes of the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT). The obtained M-FSK modulation is combined to codes based on Viterbi decoding algorithms since Viterbi decoder is considered to be the maximum-likelihood decoding algorithm for convolutional codes and codes with state machine representation. A mathematical approach and implementation of frequency mappings is introduced to investigate the performance of the new designed communication system in the presence of permanent frequency disturbances, also known as narrow-band interference (NBI), such as those encountered in power line communications (PLC) channel.
Government Spending and Non-Oil Economic Growth in the UAE
Authors: Ibrahim Carole
Published: May 2019

The present paper studies empirically the relationship between government spending and non-oil economic growth in the UAE for the last four decades by using the vector autoregression (VAR) approach. The findings of the study suggest that the implementation of expansionary policy, through the intensification of current and development public expenditures, induces an increase in the non-oil economic growth during the subsequent periods of the government spending shock. Thus, the implementation of expansionary government spending stimulates the UAE economy, especially during recession periods. The study suggests that policymakers should concentrate their spending on the right projects, as well as on research and development. Moreover, they should channel their transfers and subsidies to the productive sectors, and they should ensure that higher productivity in public institutions is in conjunction with the rise in wages and salaries to achieve sustainable economic growth.
What Happened to Primitive Cornish /I/ When Long in Closed Syllables?
Authors: George Ken
Published: May 2019

Of the four unrounded front vowels in Primitive Cornish, /i/, /ɛ/ and /a/ remained stable when long in closed syllables, but /ɪ/ had a tendency to fall together with /ɛ/. Jackson (1953) and Williams (1995) dated this change to the twelfth century, but the present research indicates that in most words, the change took place substantially later. An analysis of spellings and of rhymes show that not all words changed at the same time. Most stressed monosyllables in historical /-ɪz/ were pronounced [-ɪːz] in Middle Cornish and [-ɛːz] in Late Cornish. Those with historical /-ɪð/ and /-ɪθ/ were dimorphic in Middle Cornish (i.e. they were spelled with both  and ), showing the sound-change in progress during that time. The process of change from [ɪː] to [ɛː] was one of lexical diffusion. The implications for the revived language are briefly examined.
The Dates of the Four Branches of the Mabinogi
Authors: Breeze Andrew
Published: May 2019

In a previous issue of this journal, Natasha Sumner of Harvard claimed of the Four Branches of the Mabinogi that the “exact date of composition for the text is not known”; she yet quoted Professor Catherine McKenna, also of Harvard, for the tales as certainly predating the Fall of Gwynedd in 1282. A response to Professor Sumner’s comment thus has three functions. It cites publications on the question from 1897 to 2018; reveals the scholarly disagreement therein; but concludes with evidence to put the tales in the 1120s or early 1130s.
Negrofilia y negritud en perspectiva cubana. Una lectura de “Lettre des Antilles”, de Alejo Carpentier
Authors: Pagni Andrea
Published: May 2019

In “Lettre des Antilles”, Carpentier interrogates the negrophile primitivism of the French avantgarde, comparing the essentialist conception of a homogenous Black identity with the multiple and constantly changing identities in the context of the diaspora. Taking into account the cultural location in which “Lettre des Antilles” is written, this paper analyzes how Carpentier subverts the model of ethnographic communication and translation: while the ethnographic text invites its reader to share a conspiratorial position of observation and superiority, Carpentier's narrator does not delineate a place of shared superiority for his French readers. The situation of intercultural communication created in “Lettre des Antilles” relies on a reader willing to be fascinated by alterity, and a narrator who calculates this effect exactly, revealing, from a position between cultures, the double gaze that would come to characterize the poetics of "lo real maravilloso". The original article is in Spanish.
Marat (Sebastião), Pictures of Garbage: uma adaptação de A morte de Marat
Authors: Silveira Boito Fernanda
Published: May 2019

On the basis of a perspective that brings together the notion of adaptation and a discursive-deconstructionist approach to translation, this article is aimed to discuss “Marat/Sebastião – Pictures of Garbage” as an adaptation and examine the implications of such a perspective to the artwork. It also seeks to investigate what the shifts that can be observed on the work as an adaptation can reveal about the work itself. The analysis problematizes the effects on the meaning of the work caused by the choices of the subject who adapts it, and offers a discussion on what the shifts between the original artwork and its adaptation can reveal about the historical moment when the adaptation was produced, which allows us to understand translation as a socially-engaged instrument.
Performing Archives of Passing, Moving Bodies across Language
Authors: Hermant Heather
Published: May 2019

This experimental travelogue through process narrates research-creation work about an eighteenth century "multicrosser," Esther Brandeau / Jacques La Fargue, purportedly Jewish female passing as Christian male and the first (known) Jewish arrival to what is now called Canada. Outed on both counts and deported, this historical figure moved across many axes of differentiation simultaneously. This movement, these multiple simultaneous passings, and the fractured evidence that erupts this life into knowability, compel particular ways of working in order to translate from French colonial interrogation record into the colonial present. This paper describes the complexity of translating the first black box theatre work to contend with this story, ribcage: this wide passage by Heather Hermant, to French as thorax : une cage en éclats (trans. Nadine Desrochers). The author situates this practice-as-research within debates about body as archive and what constitutes knowledge; proposes performance-as-research as a realm in which a "new intersectionality" might best be elaborated; and body as translator/ion across languages and genres, temporalities and spatialities.
Translating Indigenous Civic Ecologies
Authors: Jacobson-Konefall Jessica Rachel
Published: May 2019

Art exhibits by the artists Jude Norris and Nadia Myre present Indigenous civic ecology as multifaceted relationships with animals and land. These perspectives translate liberal citizenship and civil society into visions of Indigenous civic ecology conveying related relational practices. Winnebago theorist Renya Ramirez emphasizes emotion, relationships, care work, and vernacular understandings of belonging as gendered aspects of Native citizenship exceeding and troubling liberal logic. Norris and Myre’s art works extend Ramirez’ human-focused discussion into civic ecology frameworks. These works develop Ramirez’s theory of translocal Native citizenship in an Indigenist materialist vein (Kalbfleisch and Robinson 52), while at the same time showing the ways that theories of new materialism in art history and translation studies remain settler colonial when they do not centre Indigenous knowledge.
A (In)visibilidade dos Kotirias: a sobrevida pela tradução
Authors: Rezende Patrick
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho se propõe a refletir, a partir de teóricos pós-coloniais e pós-estruturalistas, sobre as formas como a tradição vem traduzindo e contando as histórias em um processo que (de)limita as características identitárias de grupos culturais minoritários entre os muros do mundo  ocidental, onde povos indígenas de todas as Américas vêm tendo suas histórias silenciadas pelo desejo das sociedades dominantes. Assim, considerando o conceito de m’ypé – modos de reparação – buscar-se-á repensar a tradução como forma de dar visibilidade a um povo que (re)encontrou nas suas narrativas maneiras de (re)contar suas histórias, possibilitando assim que os Kotiria, indígenas situados na fronteira entre o Brasil e a Colômbia, (re)descobrissem as vozes do passado que dizem muito sobre o presente. Apresentamos e analisamos um dos relatos  da Série Kotiria, organizada pela antropóloga Janet Chernela, à luz de teoria da (in)visibilidade de Lawrence Venuti, buscando pontuar momentos em que a tradução (in)visibiliza os indígenas.
Concepts and Contests in the Translation of Indigenous Poetics in Brazil
Authors: Dias Jamille Pinheiro
Published: May 2019

This study examines the creative and theoretical engagement of contemporary Brazilian translators with the specificities of the translation of lowland South American Indigenous verbal arts into Portuguese. Amerindian verbal arts, as a field of scholarly interest, have been mobilizing the commitment and expertise of more and more linguists, ethnologists, and translation and literature researchers in the country. As the applicability of concepts such as “literature”, “poetry” and “verbal arts” to Amerindian poetics is questioned by many of them, this article offers a critical review of recurring tensions in scholarly discourse.
A Postbilingual Zone? Language and Translation Policy in Toronto
Authors: Hébert Lyse
Published: May 2019

In Canada, translation has been conceptualized within multi-layered and interwoven historical and political processes of nation building. One strand of these processes is the country’s language policy, known as “official bilingualism”. This national construct is so entrenched that the Federal government has not perceived a need to pair Canada’s language laws with any legislation on translation. Despite this void, or perhaps because of it, the professional translation market first emerged as a corollary of official bilingualism, and it remains inflected by its a priori, which have also driven the design of university translator training programs. In giving English and French preferred status over all other “minority” languages that once were (i.e. Indigenous languages) and/or might become (i.e. Ukrainian, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Urdu, etc.) vehicular languages in certain regions or cities, public policy, which includes content and funding of university programs, has also restricted translator training to “official languages”. This paper presents some preliminary data from a project aimed at proposing models for “post-bilingual” language and translation policies. More precisely, it focuses on one of Canada’s most linguistically heterogeneous spaces–Toronto–and its multilingual translation policy. Drawing on González Núñez’ adaptation of Spolsky’s language planning model, I argue in favour of a new set of language and translation policies that countenance disparate and, at times, contradictory linguistic realities across and within Canada’s post-bilingual zones, foregrounding elements that might inform evidence-based policies. Also informed by language rights research (e.g. De Schutter), this paper also serves as a preliminary discussion of language and translation policies that might be the springboard for new models of translator training that would ensure equal access to translation services for speakers of minority languages.
Traversing B/Orders of English in the Academic Writing Classroom
Authors: Baus Dunja , Bohórquez Paola
Published: May 2019

In line with current discussions in the field of critical composition studies urging us to identify pedagogical approaches that engage the multilingual and multidialectal competencies of our students, this paper mines the pedagogical potential of the concept of translation in the composition classroom. Specifically, it presents a pedagogical exercise in intralingual translation that asks students to explicitly and deliberately place Standard English in conversation—and in tension—with varieties of English drawn from their own linguistic repertoires. Through a close reading of the students’ translative practices, we showcase their compositional competencies as they engage with and transform the rhetorical, stylistic, and grammatical registers of the source text.
Growth and yield of garlic (Allium Sativum L.) influenced by Zn and Fe application
Authors: Alam Shariq Mahmood , Muhammad Arshad Ullah Imdad Ali Mahmood, , Nausherwan N. Nawab Taj Naseeb, , Haider Syed Ishtiaq , Aamir Syeda Sana
Published: May 2019

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Zn and Fe application on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) var. Desi Sufaid at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad during Rabi season 2018-2019. Eight kilogram of sandy clay loam soil was filled in the pots. Four garlic cloves were sown in each pot. The treatments of Zn, Fe and their mixture (1:1 ratio) @ 5 kg ha-1 along with basal dose of N, P and K (100, 75 and 50 mg kg-1) fertilizer were applied at sowing following complete randomized design with three replications. The plants were allowed to stand till maturity and data on growth traits like plant height (cm), pseudo stem diameter (cm), leaf length (cm), leaves plant-1, bulb diameter (cm), cloves (bulb-1), clove weight (g) and bulb yield (g plant-1) were recorded at harvest. The mean data were analyzed statistically. The highest growth attributes like plant height, number of leaves per plant, bulb diameter, cloves, clove weight and bulb yield were harvested with micronutrients (Zn and Fe) along with basal dose of N, P and K (100, 75 and 50 mg kg-1) application which were significantly higher as compared to control. Though, all the treatments showed positive effect through growth characteristics and yield, however, the mixture of Zn and Fe application produced comparable garlic yield among all the treatments which was 6 and 4 (%) higher than that of sole application of Zn and Fe, respectively. Significant improvement in Zn and Fe concentration in garlic plant tissues was observed with the application of Zn and Fe respectively. Overall the combination of both micronutrients performed better than rest of the treatments through improved growth traits and bulb yield.
Persepsi Pengguna Jasa KRL Terhadap Rencana Penataan Ulang Rute KRL Jabodetabek
Authors: Kuswati Atik S , Listifadah Listifadah
Published: May 2019

One impact of the Greater Jakarta development is the encourage people movement and demand for commuter rail. Jabodetabek Commuter train becomes very important role that primarily serves commuter towns or other location that draw large number of commuter who travel on a daily basis. However, unbalancing of capacity and demand of commuter rail will decline index performances. Tire goal of study identify commuter train service regarding implementation of single operation plan. qualitative and quantitative analysis methods are used in this study which identify factors that affect index performance based on the service quality. The analysis result is majority of respondents (69,2 % ) would use the transport services KRL if the single system operation is applied. Seen from the results of a survey that states continue to use the KRL as much as 69.20% on tire grounds tlrere was no other choice. In order to support the smooth operation of the single, an intensive socialization to the public is needs to be done by PT KCJ especially users KRL such as schedule changes, the tariffs, the frequency of KRL, and new routes KRL. Besides changes in the pattern of operation, operator should provide adequate infrastructure capacity so that it can provide comfort to the passengers which the spread of passengers at some stations.Keywords: commuter rail, services, rerouting.
Indicators of sustainable development in the performance of the political system of the UAE efforts and initiatives
Authors: Alwan Dhahir Abdullah , Khader Murtada Ahmed
Published: May 2019

U.A.E. is regarded as the first Arab country which gave a great attention to sustainable development. , In order to achieve this has made many efforts, where she worked on creating the proper environment, and through the establishment of several institutions (administrative intervention) and launched many initiatives and strategies and legislation of many laws and regulations (legislative intervention) and acceded to several international conventions (international cooperation) on sustainable development, which enabled the UAE to achieve progress on indicators of sustainable development (economic, social, environmental and institutional), Reflecting the success of the State in achieving development is sustainable through State standards and compare them with other countries.
Indicators and challenges of political stability in (Israel)
Authors: Hassan Al-Khazraji Nizar Abdel Karim , Edan Mohamed Shatub
Published: May 2019

The indicators of political stability in Israel have produced a kind of instability in all locations from inside and outside, but they were in themselves. Social cohesion of the Jews as well as the challenge of discrimination within the Arabs (Israel). Either I explain the spring movements and the investigation into the security and existence of Israel, as well as Iran's nuclear program and Hezbollah, which indicate the most important challenges to the stability and security of Israel.
The role of the Turkish military in the attempted coup July of 2016 and the government's actions towards it
Authors: Jassim Ahmed Majeed , Ahmeed Hazem Sabah
Published: May 2019

Since the establishment of the modern state, this role has been in a state of expansion and expansion, which was evident in the attempted coup of July 15 2016  , which came in reaction to the actions of the ruling party in order to distance it from political life, This study focused on the attempted coup d'état of July 15, 2016 and the reasons for its failure and subsequent government measures to limit its role. It concluded that the hegemony exercised by the ruling party in addition to popular will is one of the main reasons for the failure of this attempt. Any interference in political affairs.
Iraqi-Turkish relations and their impact on Kurdistan Region 2003-2017
Authors: Atwan Abbas Fadhel
Published: May 2019

The recent developments in the region, especially Iraq and Syria, represented a historic opportunity for the Kurds, which made them an important player with international support and paved the way for partition and federalism. There is no dispute that the referendum is consistent with general principles such as the right of peoples to self-determination, Others with the Iraqi constitution and mechanisms of independence recognized, but it strengthens the position of the region in negotiations with Baghdad, has raised the date of a referendum on the independence of the Kurdistan region on 25 September 2017 And the political situation in Iraq and Turkey after the referendum of the Kurdistan region, As a result of the failure of each of them to agree to reject the results of the referendum secession of the Kurdistan region and the intensification of sanctions on the region, but also strengthened military and security cooperation between their countries after months of tension between them.