bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effect of Orostachys spinose dry extract in cholinergic insufficiency
Authors: Razuvaeva Ya. G. , Toropova A. A. , Bayandueva E. A. , Nikolaeva I. G.
Published: July 2024

Background. Orostachys spinosa (L.) Sweet. – a perennial plant of a wide habitat and contains various metabolites (amino acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc.). Extracts from the aerial part of the plant are used in traditional medicine as an anticonvulsant and sedative.The aim of the work. To study the neuroprotective effect of O. spinosa in cholinergic deficiency.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 52 Wistar rats. The animals were administered scopolamine (1 mg/kg) daily for 21 days, followed by O. spinosa dry extract per os at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 14 days. On the day 32, the animals developed a conditioned passive avoidance reflex (CPAR), the integrity of which was checked after 1, 24 and 72 hours; on the day 35 they were tested in an “open field”. On the day 36, biochemical and histological studies of the brain were carried out.Results. It has been established that O. spinosa, against the background of scopolamine intoxication, reduces the anxiety of animals, stimulates exploratory activity in the open field test, improves the production and preservation of the CPAR, and also reduces the number of functionally inactive neurons (pyknotic and shadow cells) in the cerebral cortex. The extract reduces the lactate/pyruvate ratio by 47 %, intensifies the activity of mitochondrial complexes I and II by 54–64 %, and increases the concentration of adenosine triphosphate by 1.6 times compared to the control. O. spinosa exhibits antioxidant properties by reducing malondialdehyde and increasing the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in the brain.Conclusion. O. spinosa dry extract has a neuroprotective effect in cholinergic deficiency. The studied extract exhibits antioxidant properties and stimulates energy processes in the brain
Levels of markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with concomitant diabetes mellitus after COVID-19
Authors: Abdullaev R. Yu. , Komissarova O. G. , Shorokhova V. A.
Published: July 2024

Background. It is known that COVID-19 can be followed by a shift in the hemostatic system towards hypercoagulation, which is more pronounced in the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Tuberculosis process is often accompanied with hypercoagulation syndrome. Of great interest is the study of the state of hemostatic systems in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with concomitant DM who have had COVID-19.The aim. To study the relationship between the state of the hemostatic and fibrinolysis systems and moderate and severe COVID-19 in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus.Methods. 32 patients with TB and DM were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 16 patients with TB and DM who have previously had COVID-19 (TB-DM-COVID). Group 2 included 16 patients with TB and DM who did not have COVID-19 (TB-DM).Results. It was found that TB-DM-COVID patients were more likely to develop a hypercoagulable shift compared to TB-DM patients. This was evidenced by a more frequent shortening of such indicator as activated partial thromboplastin time (43.7 % and 25.0 % of cases, respectively; χ2 = 7.22; p = 0.01), an increase in fibrinogen levels (43.7 % and 25.0%, respectively; χ2 = 7.22; p = 0.01) and D-dimer (43.7 % and 18.7 %, respectively; χ2 = 14.74; p = 0.0001). These changes were closely associated with the systemic inflammatory response, as strong and positive correlations were found between fibrinogen and C-reactive protein levels (r = 0.420; p = 0.01), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.433; p = 0.01) in TB-DM-COVID patients.Conclusion. In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus after moderate and severe COVID-19, compared to patients who have not had COV ID-19, a hypercoagulable shift associated with the development of more pronounced systemic inflammation develops more often.
Adapting the protocol for studying the functional capacity of T lymphocytes thawed from cryopreservation
Authors: Saidakova E. V. , Korolevskaya L. B. , Ponomareva V. N. , Vlasova V. V.
Published: July 2024

Background. Immunological studies are impossible without long-term storage of cryopreserved biomaterial. There are no standard procedures for working with cryopreserved mononuclear leukocytes.The aim of the study. To optimize the protocol for culturing T lymphocytes thawed after cryopreservation by assessing their viability and proliferative capacity.Methods. Mononuclear leukocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of relatively healthy volunteers (n = 18). Cells were subjected to controlled freezing down to –80 °C and were transferred to liquid nitrogen. First step: after thawing, the cells were stained with CFSE (carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester), were divided into two parts and cultured in the presence/absence of interleukin 2 (IL-2). Cell proliferation was stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (type P). Cells were incubated for 7 days. Sample analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Second stage: thawed cells were divided into three parts. Two parts were resuspended in a full growth medium with IL-2 and were placed in a thermostat (+37 °C) to “rest” for one hour or overnight. After “resting”, the cells were stained with CFSE. One third of the thawed leukocytes were stained with CFSE immediately after thawing. Cells were stimulated, cultured and analyzed the same way at both stages of the study.Results. It has been established that adding IL-2 to the culture medium contributes to a better cell survival. In the presence of IL-2, stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes produced more daughter cell generations. At the end of the 7-day incubation “rested” samples had reduced leukocyte counts compared to the samples that were cultured immediately after thawing. The number of daughter cell generations formed by stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells decreased when the “rest” stage was included into the study protocol.Conclusion. Adding IL-2 into culture medium can increase the viability and mitotic capacity of thawed T cells, making their state more similar to that of freshly isolated lymphocytes. Cell “rest” after thawing negatively affects the viability and proliferative activity of T lymphocytes during their weekly incubation.
Factors and level of physical performance of schoolchildren aged 13–14 years
Authors: Krivolapchuk I. A. , Chernova M. B. , Suheckij V. K. , Chicherin V. P.
Published: July 2024

There is an insufficiency of data on the characteristics of physical performance of schoolchildren in the critical period of ontogenesis associated with pubertal development.The aim of the study. To determine the factors and level of physical performance of schoolchildren aged 13–14 years, taking into account pubertal development.Methodology. The study involved healthy male adolescents aged 13–14 years (n = 165). Five stages of puberty were determined. To diagnose the level of physical performance, a complex of functional and ergometric tests and a battery of motor tests were used. The structure of performance was determined based on the factor analysis.Results and discussion. We determined the factors characterizing physical performance: aerobic capacity; absolute aerobic power; anaerobic alactic performance; anaerobic glycolytic performance; relative aerobic power. The identified factors are associated with zones of relative power. It has been established that during puberty, changes in indicators combined into different factors occur non-linearly and non-simultaneously. The results of the study show that subjects of the same age with stages II, III and IV of puberty differ in the level of key bioenergetic performance criteria. Transition to higher stages of puberty is accompanied with progressive dynamics of most indicators associated with factors of anaerobic performance, while indicators of aerobic power and capacity change in different directions, showing in some cases a tendency to temporarily decrease.Conclusion. It is advisable to use the results of the study when organizing various types of monitoring the functional state and regulation of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity in adolescents aged 13–14 years at different stages of puberty. The obtained materials can serve as a scientific basis for improving the physical education system in order to increase the functional capabilities of children’s bodies during the critical period of ontogenesis associated with pubertal development
Diagnostic significance of interleukin levels in blood serum in premenopausal women with chronic endometritis and normal weight or overweight
Authors: Ievleva K. D. , Danusevich I. N. , Atalyan A. V. , Egorova I. Yu. , Babaeva N. I. , Rashidova M. A. , Akhmedzyanova M. R. , Sholokhov L. F. , Nadeliaeva I. G. , Lazareva L. M. , Suturina L. V.
Published: July 2024

Background. Chronic endometritis (CE) is an inflammatory hysteropathy causing miscarriage and infertility. High invasiveness of the main method of CE diagnosis and vague clinical picture necessitate the need for the development of less invasive approaches to establish the presence of this disease.The aim of the study. To establish a significant association of the concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins in the blood serum with the presence of chronic endometritis in premenopausal women without concomitant endocrine diseases.Materials and methods. This re-analysis of the data is based on the results of a cross-sectional study conducted between May 2017 and December 2019 which included 198 premenopausal women. In all participants, body weight and height were measured with the calculation of the body mass index, the concentration of Creactive protein, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood serum was determined, and a pipelle biopsy was performed to determine the CD138 expression in the endometrial stroma. Non-parametric methods, as well as ROC analysis, were used for statistical analysis.Results. 86 women were included in the re-analysis of the data, 37 of them had a confirmed diagnosis of chronic endometritis. Statistically significantly higher values of interleukin 1 (IL-1) concentration (p = 0.0028) and IL-1/tumor necrosis factor α ratio (p < 0.001) were determined in women with CE and normal body weight; threshold values of these parameters were ≥ 1.35 pg/ml (sensitivity 75 %, specificity 83 %; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.88–2.15) and ≥ 1.03 (sensitivity 85 %, specificity 78 %; 95% CI: 0.81–1.27) respectively. Such a relationship was not revealed in women with overweight.Conclusions. The obtained results can be the basis for conducting a larger-scale study with determining the concentration of cytokines not only in the blood serum, but also in the endometrium of women with CE, which will allow the development of a minimally invasive method for determining the risk of the presence of chronic endometritis in premenopausal women.
Ultrasonographic threshold of ovarian structure in premenopausal women of different ethnicity
Authors: Lazareva L. M. , Atalyan A. V. , Danusevich I. N. , Nadeliaeva I. G. , Belenkaya L. V. , Egorova I. Yu. , Babaeva N. I. , Suturina L. V.
Published: July 2024

The polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is a generally accepted ultrasound marker for ovulatory dysfunction, is one of the criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is established based on the assessment of ovarian volume (OV) and the follicle number per ovary (FNPO), taking into account the upper normal values determined in healthy premenopausal women. However, there is a necessity for regular revision of the PCOM characteristics depending on ethnic and age characteristics.The aim. To develop differentiated standards for assessing the ultrasonographic ovary structure in premenopausal women of various ethnicity.Materials and methods. From March 2016 to December 2019, a multicenter cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in Eastern Siberia (Irkutsk region) and in the neighboring Republic of Buryatia. The study included 1134 participants: 715 women of Caucasian origin, 312 Asian women, 107 women of mixed ethnic subpopulation.Results. It has been established that for Caucasians, it is advisable to diagnose PCOM when the ovarian volume is 9 cm3 and/or FNPO ≥ 12; for women of the Asian population – when the ovarian volume is 7 cm3 and/or FNPO ≥ 11; for women of mixed ethnicity – when the ovarian volume is 8 cm3 and/or FNPO ≥ 9. An important advantage of our study is that all participants were recruited from a non-selective multi-ethnic population of women with comparable socio-demographic characteristics living in the same geographical conditions.Conclusion. Differentiated approach for identifying the polycystic ovarian morphology in premenopausal women of different ethnic groups requires using ethnically differentiated normative readings
Ligand-associated activation of vitamin D receptors and potential points of application of its effects in the morphogenesis of immune inflammation: Literature review
Authors: Ablyakimov E. T. , Kriventsov M. A.
Published: July 2024

According to recent data, vitamin D is classified as a substance with hormonal activity, which, in addition to classical, has “non-classical” effects caused by the complex relationship between vitamin D and effector cells of the immune system. This relationship is based on the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on immune cells, which is encoded by the corresponding VDR gene. Vitamin D receptor specifically binds the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3). As a result, a D3-VDR complex is formed, which mediates the effects of vitamin D through the formation of intracellular signaling pathways that transform the activity of certain target genes. However, it is not entirely clear how vitamin D realizes its effects at the cellular and receptor levels. According to the literature, studies of recent decades have revealed a significant role of vitamin D and immune checkpoint receptors (PD-1 (programmed cell death), PD-L (PD ligand), CTLA (cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein)) in autoimmune diseases. This review outlines possible mechanisms for the interconnection of these pathways. A deeper understanding of the intercellular interactions mediated by ligand-associated activation of vitamin D receptors, D3-VDR complex and immune checkpoint receptors (PD-1, PD-L, CTLA) in inflammation may become the basis for the development of new strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of various diseases
Genetic prion disease – fatal familial insomnia (clinical case)
Authors: Sorokovikova T. V. , Morozov A. M. , Kryukova A. N. , Naumova S. A. , Mitropolskaya A. V.
Published: July 2024

Background. Fatal familial insomnia is a rare genetically determined neurodegenerative disorder from the group of prion diseases. Its main cause is the autosomal dominant D178N mutation of the PRNP gene, which leads to the synthesis of the pathological prion protein PrP.The aim. Using the example of a clinical case to describe an example of the early onset of fatal familial insomnia in a teenager, a clinical example of its management.Materials and methods. Female patient V., 16 years old, of hyposthenic constitution, undernourished, with negative family history (multiple sclerosis in her paternal grandmother) for the first time consulted a neurologist in Tver for the complaints of superficial sleep, shortened to 4–5 hours, unspecific pain all over the body, periodic numbness in the upper limbs. Six months later, retardation of speech and movements, changes in gait, and intentional tremor occurred; sleep was shortened to 2 hours. In the future, the teenager lost the ability to independently maintain the vertical body position, the ability to walk without assistance, speech was reduced to syllable answers to questions. In order to verify the diagnosis and to carry out differential diagnosis with other neurodegenerative diseases, the girl underwent auxiliary research methods: detection of antibodies to nuclear antigens, magnetic resonance imaging, computer electroencephalography, polyexomal genome sequencing.Results. Based on the anamnesis, complaints, clinical picture and results of genetic research the final diagnosis of fatal familial insomnia was made. Due to the lack of etiological and pathogenetic therapy, the patient was subsequently provided with palliative medical care. The fatal outcome occurred 19 months after the onset of the disease.Conclusions. The presented clinical case reflects the complexity of managing patients with rare genetic diseases, confirms the need for mandatory polyexomal genome sequencing in order to verify the diagnosis, which allows timely palliative care
Lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system in children with seasonal influenza
Authors: Kazantseva E. D. , Darenskaya M. A. , Rychkova L. V. , Petrova A. G. , Semеnova N. V. , Kurashova N. A. , Grebenkina L. A. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Influenza remains a serious viral infection in children and has consequences for the organism.The aim of the study. To analyze the lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant defense (AOD) components level in children of two age groups with seasonal influenza.Materials and methods. We examined 141 children aged from 1 month to 6 years with a diagnosis of influenza (subgroup 1 – 1 month – 2.11 years (n = 78); subgroup 2 – 3–6 years (n = 63)), 47 children of control group (subgroup 3 – 1 month – 2.11 years (n = 17); subgroup 4 – 3–6 years (n = 30)). Spectrophotometric, fluorometric and statistical methods were used.Results. In subgroup 1 of children with influenza, there were higher levels of compounds with double bonds (p = 0.001), conjugated dienes (CDs) (p < 0.0001), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (KD and CT) (p = 0.004); in subgroup 2 of children with influenza – increased values of CDs (p < 0.0001), KD and CT (p < 0.0001) and thiobarbituric acid reactants (p < 0.0001) compared to the control. The AOD system in subgroup 1 was characterized by a decrease in the level of α-tocopherol (p < 0.0001), retinol (p < 0.0001) and higher oxidized glutathione (GSSG) values (p = 0.002) compared to the control. Children of subgroup 2 had lower values of the level of α-tocopherol (p < 0.001), retinol (p = 0.012) and total antioxidant activity (p < 0.0001) and higher values of GSSG (p = 0.035) compared to the control.Conclusion. In children with influenza, regardless of age, there is a higher level of production of lipid peroxidation indicators, a lack of fat-soluble vitamins and higher values of oxidized glutathione than in healthy children
International research-to-practice conference "M. T. Baranov’s personality and activity: history and modernity (to mark the centenary of the scientist’s birth)"
Authors: Komissarova L. Yu. , Levushkina O. N. , Ustinov A. Yu. , Yanchenko V. D.
Published: July 2024

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Schoolchildren’s creation of educational videos as a way to organize integrative orthography revision (on the example of preparing for task 6 of the Russian language basic state examination (OGE))
Authors: Khomenko E. V.
Published: July 2024

The article considers the issue of finding effective ways to organise integrative orthography revision while preparing for the OGE in the Russian language. The aim is to propose, justify, and characterise one of such possible ways, namely the creation of educational videos by schoolchildren (using the example of preparing for task 6 of the Russian language OGE). The main research methods included theoretical (analysis of scientific and educational literature, normative documentation), empirical (scientific observation of the educational process in middle school and pedagogical experiment), and statistical (quantitative analysis of the obtained experimental data and their processing) ones. The article analyses the content and format of OGE task 6. Based on this analysis, the main reasons for the difficulties that schoolchildren experience in orthographic word parsing are revealed. The paper identifies the stages of work on creating educational videos (organisational, information search and processing, script writing, creating a presentation, voice acting, and recording a video). Moreover, the article describes the activities of the teacher and students at each stage. The experience of team designing an educational video discussing the topic "Prefixes ending in -z (-s)" is presented. Based on the analysis of the data from the control stage of the experiment, the study concludes that the proposed method of organising integrative orthography revision is effective. The materials presented in the article (an algorithm for doing OGE task 6; the author’s educational orthography videos) can be used in Russian language teachers’ practice to train students for completing orthographic tasks in the Russian language OGE.
Linguopoetic analysis of V. M. Shukshin’s short story "The Visitant" (to the 95th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Anufrieva G. V.
Published: July 2024

The article studies the poetics of V. M. Shukshin’s short prose. The research aims to present a holistic linguopoetic analysis of a particular work and to describe the author’s image in it. The material for the study was the short story "The Visitant" dating back to the period of V. M. Shukshin’s later writings. The text was examined on the basis of a linguopoetic approach in conjunction with functional-immanent and retrospective-projective methods. The paper characterises the short story genre, analyses its formal and content organisation, compositional and speech structure, as well as the level of the linguistic means representing the narrator’s and the characters’ speech parts. The study has established that, from the standpoint of the genre characteristics, "The Visitant" is a novella. It is characterised by a succinct plot, laconic narrative, retrospective episodes that form the existential chronotope, a paradoxical situation, theatricality, controversial plot dynamics, an unexpected ending, and instantaneous insight into life. The analysis reveals that in the compositional and speech structure of the short story the dominant speech layer is the speech part of the character. It is represented by dialogue or internal dialogised monologue. The dialogue shapes the severity of the conflict between the characters, i. e. the bearers of different chronotopes. The narrator’s speech performs the function of a dramatic commentary remark. The article identifies the peculiarity of the manifestation of the author’s "I" in the story "The Visitant". The author’s image is characterised by dynamism, which is determined, on the one hand, by dialogue as the main form of speech, and on the other hand, by the narrator’s shifting across the spatiotemporal perspective of the text.
Prepositional case constructions with the preposition ot (English from) in the poetry of F. I. Tyutchev
Authors: Atamanova N. V. , Troshina N. V.
Published: July 2024

Function words, for instance, simple prepositions, have significant potential for meaning making and are an important element of the grammatical structure of the text, which, along with the lexical one, is involved in creating the imagery of an artwork. The insufficient knowledge of the semantic charge of simple prepositions in F. I. Tyutchev’s poetic texts determined the relevance of this study. The research aims to develop a typology of the prepositional-case constructions with the preposition ot (English from) and determine their place in the authors’ dictionary of the poet’s vocabulary. To analyse the 118 uses of phrases with the preposition ot obtained from the "Concordance of the Complete Poems of F. I. Tyutchev. A–Z", we employed the descriptive method in conjunction with observation techniques; generalisation of the material; componential analysis (identification of semantic components of the meaning of the preposition ot); distributional analysis that enabled us to identify the combinability of the preposition ot with other linguistic units. When describing the meanings of prepositional-case constructions with the preposition ot, we considered the morphological and semantic features of the head and dependent words included in the phrases with case government. The study identified and analysed the object, adverbial (locative, temporal, causal, of manner), and attributive relations realised in prepositional-case constructions. Additionally, we specified additional meanings acquired by prepositional combinations in poetic texts. The research shows that constructions with the preposition ot form a fragment of the authors’ dictionary of F. I. Tyutchev’s language.
Psychometric Properties of the Russian Version of the Somatic Symptom Disorder — B Criteria Scale
Authors: Zolotareva A. A.
Published: July 2024

Background: in foreign science and practice, the Somatic Symptom Disorder — B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) is actively used in the diagnosis of cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of somatization, as well as in screening and monitoring of somatoform disorder in the general population and in patients seeking primary health care. The aim of study: adaptation of the Russian version of the SSD-12 in the general population. Participants and methods: the sample consisted of 1,535 respondents who filled out, in addition to the SSD-12, a set of diagnostic measures assessing anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, GAD-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9), and somatization (Somatic Symptom Scale-8, SSS-8). Results: the adapted scale has a three-factor structure that allows diagnosing cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of somatization (SB χ2 (51) = 656, p < 0,001; CFI = 0,942; TLI = 0,925; SRMR = 0,037; RMSEA = 0,088 (CI 95% 0,082–0,094)). The reliability has been proven using acceptable internal consistency. The validity was confirmed by the expected correlations between somatization according to the SSD-12 and SSS-8, anxiety according to the GAD-7, and depression according to the PHQ-9. The specificity and sensitivity were determined using ROC curves for cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of somatization. Conclusion: the Russian version of the SSD-12 is psychometrically consistent and can be recommended as a diagnostic instrument for assessing of cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of somatization in the general population.
Antisocial Personality Disorder as a Form of Adaptive Strategy
Authors: Pyatnitskiy N. Yu. , Enikolopov S. N.
Published: July 2024

Background: in contemporary domestic psychiatry the evolutionary explanations of antisocial personality disorder are practically lacking. The aim of study: the analysis of the significant concepts of the evolutionary approach to understanding the origins and typology of antisocial, or dissocial, personality disorder. Material and methods: a narrative review of contemporary English-language psychiatric and psychological literature using all available search engines using the keywords “antisocial psychopathy” and “evolutionary psychiatry and psychology”. Discussion and conclusion: in English-language psychiatric and psychological literature the affective component of antisocial traits, emphasized only in ICD-10, is called “primary psychopathy,” while the behavioral component of antisocial traits, associated with “sensation seeking” and “hyperactivation,” is called “secondary” psychopathy. Evolutionary and ecological approaches emphasize the adaptive role of aggressive and antisocial behavior, viewing such behavior as a “high-risk strategy” in social and sexual competition, as “costly” but potentially adaptive (rather than as “behavioral dysfunctions”). The understanding of persistent antisocial behavior as a social “trickster” strategy exploiting the trust and cooperative behavior of others is based on the R. Axelrod-W. Hamilton “iterated” prisoner’s dilemma. In the Prisoner’s Dilemma evolutionary model, the player’s payoff is determined by the effects on “fitness”: survival and fertility. Participating in several interactions with individuals, an antisocial “deceiver” with high mobility is able to exist, manifesting itself with a fairly low frequency in the population. Non-cooperative behavior in both animals and humans reduces the fitness of others and includes aggressive behavior, deception, betrayal, predation and social parasitism. From the point of view of the concept of “economic games,” people with subclinically expressed primary psychopathic traits (emotional coldness, manipulativeness, Machiavellianism) are represented as “strategists” with cooperation partners: they give with reciprocity to those partners whom they consider “highly valuable” (with the potential for great benefits in future), and only “take”, manipulating and deceiving, from those of “low value”. In a broad sense, evolutionary psychologists and psychiatrists find in the characteristics of antisocial individuals a predominance of a set of properties of “fast” life strategies, while the concept of “fast strategies” is also used to explain geographical differences in the prevalence of aggressive behavior.
Resting State EEG Analysis for Schizophrenia: from Alpha-Rhythm Reduction to Microstates Assessment
Authors: Fedotov I. A. , Shustov D. I.
Published: July 2024

Background: due to the emergence of new technologies for analyzing of EEG signal, many new researches in this field have appeared in recent years, including those investigating EEG parameters of schizophrenia. The aim: this publication provides an overview of actual studies on the possibilities of using the assessment of resting state EEG recordings in the diagnostics and prognosis of schizophrenia course. Material and methods: publications were selected in eLibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar and CNKI databases using the keywords: “psychosis”, “schizophrenia”, “EEG”, “resting state”. Methodologically, the atricle is a narrative literature review. Thirty-three sources were selected for analysis. Discussion and conclusion: according to the data available to present date qualitive and quantitative assessment of resting EEGs cannot be used for the instrumental diagnosis of schizophrenia because the most commonly detected increase in the proportion of slow-wave activity is seen in a several disorders. However, some quantitative spectral estimates of resting state EEG could be used to identify poor prognosis response to antipsychotic therapy, as well as for objective assessment of the dynamics of the mental state. Estimation of the power of slow resting EEG rhythms and other methods of assessing the connectivity of different neural networks could be considered as potential markers of the presence of a specific endophenotype. Modern digital technologies, including machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms, make it possible to identify resting EEG of the schizophrenic patients from healthy controls with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity more than 95%. EEG microstates assessment, which can be used to assess the functioning of large neuronal ensembles, are one of the methods for detecting the endophenotype of schizophrenia.
Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Dengan Mediasi Organizational Citizenship Behavior Pada Pegawai Kelurahan Poncosari Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Dewi Rian Fatika
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keterlibatan kerja terhadap prestasi kerja dengan mediasi OCB pada karyawan Desa Poncosari Srandakan Bantul. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian populasi karena subjeknya kurang dari 100, mengingat jumlah penduduk Kecamatan Poncosari hanya 40 orang. Keterlibatan kerja memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap prestasi kerja. Perilaku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi (OCB) memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja kerja. Perilaku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi (OCB) secara signifikan memediasi hubungan antara Keterlibatan Kerja dan Kinerja Pekerjaan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Perilaku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi (OCB) yang dimiliki oleh pegawai Kecamatan Poncosari mampu memperkuat hubungan positif antara keterlibatan kerja dan prestasi kerja.
Kata kunci: keterlibatan kerja; Perilaku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi (OCB); Performa kerja
Prevenção e diagnóstico do HIV/Aids em idosos na Atenção Primária: (des)conhecimentos da equipe de enfermagem/ Prevention and diagnosis of HIV/Aids in the elderly people in Primary Care: (lack of) knowledge of the nursing team/ Prevención y diagnóstico del VIH/Sida en ancianos en la Atención Primaria: (des)conocimiento del equipo de enfermería
Authors: Da Silva Ferreira Patrícia , Rocha Camila de Paula Sousa da , Almeida Karina Silva de , Graça Victor Viana da , Bendelaque Dandara de Fátima Ribeiro , Correa Júnior Antonio Jorge Silva , Pinheiro Adriana de Sá
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: descrever ações e conhecimentos da equipe de enfermagem sobre a prevenção e diagnóstico do HIV/Aids em pessoas idosas na Atenção Primária. Método: estudo descritivo e qualitativo, fundamentado nos conceitos de prática e acolhimento profissional na condução à pessoa com HIV, junto a profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de Unidade Básica de Saúde de região metropolitana no Norte do Brasil, no segundo semestre de 2022. A coleta ocorreu conforme a disponibilidade do participante, por entrevista presencial ou recurso tecnológico via Google Forms, composto por questões abertas. Para a análise, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a educação em saúde não é direcionada para idosos, visto que existem imprecisões quanto à educação permanente, que demonstrou ser deficitária pela falta de capacitações sobre a sexualidade e libido. Os testes rápidos ficam sob responsabilidade dos enfermeiros, e a dispensação de preservativos para idosos é “inexistente”. Por fim, descrevem a importância da busca pelo parceiro, encaminhamento e a notificação de casos positivos. Conclusão: a equipe reconhece a invisibilidade das ações e educação para idosos. Assim, destaca-se a premência de capacitações e educação permanente para a criação de vínculos com os idosos e melhor abordagem do tópico da sexualidade para prevenção e diagnóstico do HIV.
Bitkisel Üretimde İşletme Büyüklüğünün Ürün Verimi, Üretim Değeri ve Ürün Maliyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Çeltik, Pamuk ve Kanola Üretimi Örneği
Authors: Semerci Arif
Published: July 2024

Tarım ürünleri ticaretinde ve ülkelerarası rekabet bağlamında birim alandan elde edilen verimin yüksekliği yanında üretilen ürünün maliyeti de önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bir tarım işletmesinin hem verim hem de maliyet avantajına sahip olabilmesi için belirli bir işletme büyüklüğüne sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; pamuk üretiminde 136 işletmeden, çeltik üretiminde 74 işletmeden ve kanola üretiminde de 83 işletmeden elde edilen veriler işletme büyüklük grupları bazında verim değerleri ve ürün maliyetleri dikkate alınarak analiz edilmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde işletme başına ortalama üretim alanları kanolada 83.14 da, çeltik üretiminde 141.36 da ve pamuk üretiminde ise 107.99 da olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada; Çeltik üretiminde işletme başına ortalama verim 777.11 kg da-1 olup, en yüksek verim (797.20 kg da-1) ve ürün değeri ($446.46 da-1) büyük işletme büyük grupta yer alan işletmelerden sağlanmıştır. Yürütülen araştırmada pamuk üretiminde işletme başına ortalama verim 536.19 kg da-1, kanola üretimde ise 290.87 kg da-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan araştırma en yüksek verimin kanola üretiminde (309.23 kg da-1) ve pamuk üretiminde (538.53 kg da-1) küçük işletmelerin bulunduğu birinci gruptan elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Araştırma kapsamında işletme yöneticilerininin yaşı, mesleki tecrübesi ve genel eğitim düzeyi de işletme büyüklük grupları bazında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları çeltik üretiminde üreticilerin ekonomi ilkelerine uygun olarak, diğer bir ifade ile rasyonel bir şekilde, işletmelerini yönettiklerini ortaya koymuştur. Pamuk ve kanola üreten işletmeler ise küçük işletme gruplarında hem verim hem de üretim değeri bakımından diğer gruplarda yer alan işletmelere göre daha yüksek performans göstermişlerdir. Bu durum pamuk ve kanola üretiminde orta ve büyük grupta yer alan işletmelerin büyük ölçekli işletme olmanın avantajlarından yeterince yararlanamadıklarını ortaya koymuştur.
Şeker Pancarı Üretiminde Kaynak Kullanım Etkinliğinin Analizi: Balıkesir İli Örneği
Authors: Semerci Arif , Ural Musab
Published: July 2024

Dünyada ve Türkiye’de şeker pancarı üretimi; ekonomiye yaptığı pozitif etki yanında, yan sanayilere hammadde sağlaması, hayvansal üretimi teşvik etmesi nedeniyle önemli bir tarımsal faaliyet dalıdır. 2019/2020 döneminde dünya şeker üretimi 167 milyon ton olarak gerçekleşmiş olup, şeker pancarı üretiminde Türkiye Avrupa kıtasında 4. ve dünyada ise 5. ülke konumundadır. Tarımsal üretimde en önemli konuların başında üretim maliyeti ve girdilerin etkin kullanımı gelmektedir. Etkin kullanılmayan girdi ürün maliyetini artırdığı gibi faaliyet dalının rekabet gücünü de azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Balıkesir ilinde Tam Sayım Yöntemi ile belirlenen 75 işletmeden elde edilen veriler yardımıyla şeker pancarı üretiminde girdi kullanım etkinliği analiz edilmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde şeker pancarı ortalama ekim alanı 11.70 da olup, birim alandan elde edilen verim ise 7326.49 kg da-1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada şeker pancarı üretimine ilişkin oluşturulan fonksiyonda; gübre ve işgücü değişkenine ait üretim elastikiyeti katsayısı %1, tohum kullanım miktarı ve sulama sayısı faktörleri %5, tarımsal mücadele ilacı kullanım miktarı ve çapalama sayısı değişkenleri ise %10 ihtimal düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Tahmin fonksiyona ilişkin üretim elastikiyetleri katsayıları toplamı (∑βi: 1.048) ölçeğe artan getiriyi vermektedir. Denklemde en yüksek marjinal etkinlik katsayısı (3.91) gübre değişkenine aittir. Yürütülen araştırmada faktörlerin marjinal etkinlik katsayılarına göre incelenen işletmelerde şeker pancarı üretiminin artırabilmesi için birim alanda kullanılan gübre (X2), tarımsal mücadele ilacı (X3) ve çapalama sayısının (X6) artırılması gerektiğini göstermiştir. Araştırma sonuçları şeker pancarı üretiminde sulama sayısı değişkeninin (X5) 0.88 katsayısı ile ekonomik optimum düzeye en yakın girdi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte incelenen işletmelerin girdi kullanımında etkin olmadığı bu nedenle şeker pancarından sağlanan gelir üzerinde bu durumun olumsuz etki ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma şeker pancarı üretiminde daha yüksek verim ve daha karlı üretim yapılabilmesi için mutlaka üretim faktörlerinin etkin kullanılması gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Detection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) in Cucurbits by TaqMan Real-Time RT-PCR in Hakkari Province, Türkiye
Authors: Biltekin Ayşenur , Akdura Nevin
Published: July 2024

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is among the important viruses that can infect many crops. In 2022, this study was conducted in the Kırıkdağ, Otluca, and Merzan areas of the Hakkari province of Türkiye to investigate the presence of CMV in cucurbits exhibiting viral disease symptoms (yellowing, necrosis, mosaic, and deformity). A total of 50 samples; 7 watermelons (Citrullus lanatus), 3 melons (Cucumis melo L.), 17 cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.), 8 zucchinis (Cucurbita pepo L.), 9 pumpkins (Cucurbita moschata), 2 gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) and 4 gherkins (Cucumis melo var. flexuous) were collected. The presence of CMV in the samples was investigated by TaqMan real-time RT-PCR using probes and primers specific to the 105 bp region of partial the coat protein gene of the virus. CMV-specific viral RNA was detected in 6 (12%) of the 50 samples analyzed. CMV was detected most commonly in the Otluca area and melon (33.3%) among cucurbit varieties. CMV agent was not detected in the samples collected from the Merzan area. The TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay used in this study demonstrated that the method can be widely used for the general detection of CMV in a wide range of hosts. This is the first report on the detection of CMV in cucurbits in the Hakkari province of Türkiye.
Mera Arazilerinde Yer Alan Toprakların SMAF Modeli Yardımıyla Toprak Kalite Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi (Ulaş-Acıyurt Örneği)
Authors: Saygın Fikret , Dengiz Orhan , Pacci Sena
Published: July 2024

Toprak kalitesi toprağın içermiş olduğu fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik karakteristiklerinin bir arada değerlendirildiği bütüncül bir yaklaşımı esas almaktadır. Sivas İli Ulaş İlçesi Acıyurt kötü mera alanlarında yapılan bu çalışmada fiziksel (4 adet), kimyasal (7 adet) ve biyolojik (2 adet) olmak üzere 13 toprak karakteristik özelliği dikkate alınarak, SMAF (Toprak Yönetimi Değerlendirme Çerçevesi) modeli yardımıyla toprak kalite durumları belirlenmiştir. Çalışma alanının fiziksel toprak kalite özelliği 65 kalite skoru ile “orta”, kimyasal toprak kalite özelliği 74 kalite skoru ile “yüksek”, biyolojik toprak kalite özelliği ise 54 kalite skoru ile “düşük” olarak belirlenmiştir. Genel toprak karakteristik özelliği ise, ortalama 64 kalite skoru ile “orta” kalitede değerlendirilmiştir. Toprakların genel kalite durumları üzerinde organik madde içeriği olumlu etki yaparken, biyolojik kalite indikatörleri azaltıcı yönde etki etmiştir. Dağılım haritaları araştırıcılar tarafından sıklıkla tercih edilen çok değişkenli enterpolasyon yöntemi olan IDW metodu ile üretilmiştir. Yapılan genel toprak kalite dağılım haritasına göre, çalışma alanın batısında yer alan mera toprakların kalite durumlarının doğusuna göre daha yüksek seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Üretici Gözünden Biyolojik Mücadele
Authors: Yalçın Furkan , Özercan Belma , Saçtı Zühal
Published: July 2024

Biyolojik mücadele, sürdürülebilir tarım için vazgeçilmez bir unsurdur. Son yıllarda kimyasal mücadelenin beraberinde getirdiği çevre kirliliği, insan sağlığına olumsuz etkileri, hedef canlıdaki direnç problemi gibi pek çok dezavantaj, yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar ile kanıtlanmıştır. Bu çalışmaların en önemli çıktılarından biri biyolojik mücadelenin üreticiler tarafından fark edilmesi ya da bilinirliğinin arttırılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda etkisi daha önceki çalışmalarla kanıtlanmış biyolojik mücadele etmenleri; yumurta parazitoiti Trichogramma evanescens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) ve larva parazitoiti Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) kullanılarak Ankara ili Nallıhan ilçesinde Domates güvesi’nin[ (Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] biyolojik mücadelesi üreticiler ile birlikte 2022 yılında yürütülmüştür. Süreç içerisinde yayım organlarından faydalanılarak biyolojik mücadele 24 üreticiyle görsel ve uygulamalı olarak tanıtılmıştır. Çalışmanın başında ve sonunda yine aynı üreticilerle anket çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Bu anket sonuçları değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçlar frekans dağılım tabloları ve grafiklerle verilmiştir. İki haftada bir olmak üzere T. evanescens 75 adet böcek/m² ve H. hebetor bir adet böcek/m² olacak şekilde salımlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üreticilere verilen uygulamalı eğitimler ve biyolojik mücadele tanıtımı sonucunda, biyolojik mücadele açısından çalışma başlangıcında %20.8’lik bir bilinirlik mevcutken bu oran çalışma sonucunda %87.5’e yükselmiştir. Uygulamalı ve görsel olarak üreticilerle birebir yapılan çalışmaların üreticilere biyolojik mücadelenin benimsetilmesinde ve farkındalığının oluşmasında etkili olduğu görülmüştür.
Evaluation of cooperative learning in science education: A mixed-meta method study
Authors: Yaşar Mehmet Diyaddin , Erdoğan Mustafa , Batdı Veli , Cinkara Ülkü
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of cooperative learning method in science education on academic achievement with mixed-meta method. For this purpose, various national and international databases were searched, and among 81 articles and 37 theses covering the period between 2001 and 2022, 46 articles and 31 theses that included pre-test-post-test data and included the statistical information required for experimental or quasi-experimental analysis were preferred for meta-analysis. The effect size of 77 studies included in the analysis was found to be g = 1.070 and it was seen that the cooperative learning method in science education had a positive and large effect on academic achievement. On the other hand, as a result of the meta-thematic analysis, it was determined that the cooperative learning method increased academic achievement due to the meaningful and permanent realisation of learning. In addition, thanks to the activities in which the student plays a central role, it is understood that it develops positive attitudes towards the science course depending on the results such as making the course enjoyable and fun, making it popular and interesting; it is effective in gaining 21st century skills such as creativity, communication and cooperation, productivity and entrepreneurship. It is thought that examining the effects of cooperative learning method in science education with mixed-meta method will contribute to the literature by providing comprehensive results on the subject.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Pendidikan Karakter dengan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika
Authors: Janah Nur , Peni Nur Robiah Nofikusumawati
Published: July 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengelompokkan penelitian berdasarkan model pengembangan produk, perangkat pembelajaran, model pembelajaran, dan jenjang kelas. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur. Peneliti menggunakan Publish or Perish (POP) untuk mencari 100 referensi literatur dari database Google Scholar, dengan rentang tahun 2019 hingga 2023, menggunakan kata kunci "pendidikan karakter" dalam judul artikel, dengan batasan pencarian hingga 100 artikel. Berdasarkan analisis literatur yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa penguatan pendidikan karakter di berbagai jenjang masih perlu diperbaiki karena kurangnya penerapan yang efektif. Banyak peneliti telah mengembangkan produk dan model pembelajaran untuk memperkuat pendidikan karakter. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lebih lanjut di bidang pendidikan karakter. Artikel ini diharapkan menjadi referensi bagi dunia pendidikan dan masyarakat umum. 
IMPLEMENTASI GREEDY ORGANIZATION DI SMP SWASTA ISTANA HATI KOTA BINJAI
Authors: Ulwan Mishiyyah Nashih , Siahaan Amiruddin , Syukri Makmur
Published: July 2024

In human existence, especially in contemporary life, organization is a must. Organizations are used to accomplish tasks or activities that we cannot do ourselves effectively. Life is affected by organizations, but it can also impact other people. Efficiency, sophistication, and complexity have all changed significantly in organizations since they first appeared (in ancient times). As humans are also referred to as social beings, which means they will always need other people to work together. The concept of working together is what in other languages is called organization. This study aims to determine 1) the principal's understanding of the Principal of the Private Middle School Istana Hati Binjai City about Greedy Organizations. 2) Mechanism of implementing Greedy Organization at Istana Hati Private Middle School, Binjai City. 3) Implications of Greedy Organization in Istana Hati Private Middle School, Binjai City. The research method uses qualitative research with the type of field research (field research). The results showed 1) The principal of the Istana Hati Private Middle School in Binjai City understood greedy organization by implementing school activities that wanted to be a differentiator among other schools. 2) The greedy organization implementation mechanism at Istana Hati Private Middle School, Binjai City, is carried out in 5 stages. 3) The implications of greedy organization at Istana Hati Private Middle School, Binjai City, can be understood that in activities that are often carried out by students to improve school, they add more activities to improve school quality.
 