bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiences of family caregivers of children living with thalassaemia-major in Karachi: a phenomenological study
Authors: Baqar Maliha , Ahmed Jawaria Mukhtar , Asim Muhammad , Pradhan Nousheen , Altaf Sadaf
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Thalassaemiamajor, a global health burden, presents a growing challenge in Pakistan’s strained healthcare system. This study explores how caregivers of children with beta-thalassaemia major navigate healthcare services, aiming to identify facilitators and barriers to accessing optimal care.

Methods

A qualitative interpretative phenomenological approach was employed. In-depth interviews with 18 purposively sampled caregivers from Karachi thalassaemia centres were conducted. Thematic analysis using a combined inductive-deductive approach identified themes within the interview data.

Result

The study revealed significant challenges for caregivers at individual, interpersonal and organisational levels. Lack of awareness about carrier states, limited disease knowledge, financial constraints and concerns about the child’s future emerged as primary hurdles. Parents felt helpless due to the absence of emotional and social support for their children’s treatment. Obstacles such as complicated registration processes at thalassaemia-care centres, high costs of chelating agents and blood unavailability were major barriers to seeking care and caregiving. Additionally, the study highlighted the absence of guidelines for thalassaemia-carrier detection among mothers during antenatal care.

Conclusion

The study emphasised the importance of implementing premarital screening programmes due to the lack of knowledge about the disease and carrier state. To prevent the disease, it is crucial to include thalassaemia-carrier detection for mothers in antenatal guidelines and provide counselling at the primary level. Additionally, caregivers encountered treatment accessibility issues, prompting the establishment of a satellite thalassaemia centre linked to a top-tier tertiary care hospital in the public sector. This initiative addressed treatment challenges and improved overall care for patients with thalassaemia and their caregivers.
Community boat service to promote institutional delivery in the Philippines: a mixed-methods study of a social innovation
Authors: Shan Wenjie , Tucker Joseph D , Ronsmans Carine , Mier-Alpaño Jana Deborah , Ulitin Allan , Cruz Jose Rene Bagani , Abiertas Katerina N , Guinto Renzo , Labarda Meredith
Published: November 2024

Background

Remote islands have limited access to institutional obstetric care, and these challenges are further exacerbated by climatic threats. A Health Service Boat Project was implemented in rural Philippines to provide free boats for pregnant people to deliver at facilities and facilitate prenatal outreach.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of the boat project on institutional delivery rates and to explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods

A sequential mixed-methods study was conducted in Zumarraga Municipality, Philippines. In the quantitative component, we analysed the data from nationally representative household surveys and governmental data to assess the institutional delivery rate before and after the boat project started in 2012. Linear difference-in-difference regression analysis was used to test the intervention effects of the boat project on institutional delivery. Weather information obtained from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration was used to compare the institutional delivery rate between cyclone-affected and non-cyclone-affected periods. In the qualitative component, we conducted two focus group discussions and two semistructured interviews to explore how the boat service may have improved the institutional delivery rate.

Results

The institutional delivery rate significantly increased the year after the boat project started (B=0.38, p<0.001). The median institutional delivery rate during the cyclone-affected period was significantly lower than that during the non-cyclone-affected period but still remained high at 93.3%. Pregnant women who used the boat service to facilitate institutional delivery reported that they trusted the service, which was available regardless of economic status and political affiliations. The boat project also allowed community health workers to conduct more frequent prenatal check-ups in the community, leading to an improved rapport between health workers and women. The main challenge identified during the implementation was the limited budget for long-term maintenance of the boat.

Conclusion

The boat project not only facilitated transportation for pregnant people to the facility but also improved community-based prenatal services. In addition, the boat project may mitigate some of the effects of cyclones on access to health services for pregnant people.
Impact of non-invasive ventilation on microbial colonisation patterns in preterm infants: a single-centre study
Authors: Luo Feixiang , Shi Wei , Fan Xiaoyan , Zhou Mingming , Shen Fei , Zhu Haihong , Zhu Jihua , Chen Zheng
Published: November 2024

Objective

The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and the colonisation of oral and nasal microbiota in preterm infants within the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Design

A prospective cohort study.

Setting

The NICU of Zhejiang University Children’s Hospital.

Patients

Patients include preterm infants with a gestational age of 28–35 weeks, enrolled within the first 24 hours of life.

Interventions

Infants were categorised based on respiratory support: NIV, which included nasal continuous positive airway pressure, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula; and no respiratory support, defined as room air or low-flow nasal cannula at ≤2 L/min.

Main outcome measures

The primary outcome was the colonisation of oral and nasal microbiota at 5 days post birth, measured by colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL), with colonisation defined as bacterial growth >103 CFU/mL.

Results

The study included 100 preterm infants, with 50 in each group. Nasal microbial colonisation was observed in 56% (28/50) of the NIV group, significantly higher than the 28% in the no respiratory support group. No significant differences were found in oral colonisation. Adjusted binary logistic regression showed an association between NIV and increased risk of nasal colonisation (adjusted OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.12 to 7.58, p=0.028).

Conclusions

NIV in preterm infants was linked to a higher risk of nasal microbial colonisation. This finding suggests the need for further research and consideration of infection control strategies in the NICU.
Impact of patient characteristics on ASDAS disease activity state cut-offs in axial spondyloarthritis: results from nine European rheumatology registries
Authors: Ørnbjerg Lykke M , Georgiadis Stylianos , Kvien Tore K , Michelsen Brigitte , Rasmussen Simon , Pavelka Karel , Zavada Jakub , Loft Anne Gitte , Kenar Gokce , Solmaz Dilek , Glintborg Bente , Rodrigues Ana , Santos Maria Jose , Di Guiseppe Daniela , Wallman Johan K , Ciurea Adrian , Nissen Michael J , Rotar Ziga , Pirkmajer Katja Perdan , Nordström Dan , Hokkanen Anna Mari , Gudbjornsson Bjorn , Palsson Olafur , Hetland Merete Lund , Østergaard Mikkel
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To re-evaluate cut-offs for disease activity states according to the Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), and study the impact of sex, age, calendar time, disease and symptom duration on ASDAS and ASDAS cut-offs in a large contemporary cohort.

Methods

Data from 2939 patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) starting their first tumour necrosis factor inhibitor in nine European registries were pooled and analysed. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to identify cut-offs against external criteria. Six-month data including patient and physician global assessments, both ≤1 (0–10 integer scale), and Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society partial remission were used for separation of inactive disease (ID) from low disease activity (LDA), while patient and physician global ≤3 were applied as external criteria to separate LDA from high disease activity (HDA). Patient and physician global ≥6 were applied to separate HDA from very high disease activity in baseline data.

Results

The three ASDAS cut-offs identified to separate the four disease activity states in the overall patient population were <1.3, <2.0 and >3.5. Cut-offs for ID and LDA in women were higher (<1.5 and <2.0, respectively) than in men (<1.3 and <1.9), as were cut-offs in patients ≥45 years (<1.5 and <2.2) versus ≤34 years (<1.2 and <1.9) and 35–44 years (<1.3 and <1.8). Cut-offs were independent of calendar time and disease duration.

Conclusions

Re-evaluation of ASDAS cut-offs for disease activity states in a large multi-national axSpA cohort resulted in cut-offs similar to those currently endorsed. Differences in cut-offs between sex and age groups for ID and LDA were observed, but the differences were minor.
AUTOMATED SARCASM RECOGNITION USING APPLIED LINGUISTICS DRIVEN DEEP LEARNING WITH LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL
Authors: HASSAN ABDULKHALEQ Q. A. , ALOTAIBI SHOAYEE DLAIM , SUBAIT WALA BIN , AL-DOBAIAN ABDULLAH SAAD , SULTAN HANAN AL , ALMANEA MANAR , ALLAFI RANDA , ALSHAMMERI MENWA
Published: November 2024

Posting sarcastic comments on social media has become popular in the modern era. Sarcasm is a linguistic expression that typically conveys the contrary meaning of what has already been said, making it challenging for machines to find the literal meaning. It depends mainly on context, making it a tedious process for computational analysis. It is well known for its modulation with spoken words and an irony undertone. In addition, sarcasm conveys negative sentiment using positive words, which easily confuses sentiment analysis (SA) models. Sarcasm detection is a natural language processing (NLP) process and is prevalent in SA, human–machine dialogue, and other NLP applications due to sarcasm’s ambiguities and complex nature. Concurrently, the advancement of machine learning (ML) techniques makes it easier to develop robust sarcasm detection methods. This paper presents an automated sarcasm recognition using applied linguistics-driven deep learning with a large language model (ASR-ALDL3M) technique. The purpose of the ASR-ALDL3M technique is to focus on recognizing the sarcastic data using the DL model. In the ASR-ALDL3M technique, the initial data preprocessing phase is utilized, and glove word embedding is applied. Next, the sarcasm recognition procedure is applied using the long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Moreover, the hyperparameter selection of the LSTM model is performed using the fractals monarch butterfly optimization (MBO) technique. At last, a large language model (LLM) is utilized to enhance the sarcastic recognition process. A comprehensive result analysis is made to validate the outcomes of the ASR-ALDL3M technique. The performance evaluation outcomes stated that the ASR-ALDL3M method gains better performance over other models.
Study on the Mechanism of Temperature Effect on SO2 Electrochemical Gas Sensor
Authors: Chen Wei , Liao Dongmei , Wu Shijing
Published: November 2024

Temperature can affect the measurement values of electrochemical gas sensors, increasing measurement errors. The influence mechanism of temperature on electrochemical gas sensors was studied based on Fick’s first law and the limit diffusion current formula. Temperature affects the sensitive characteristics of a sensor by changing the diffusion coefficient D

l1 of SO2 in air, the Henry’s coefficient K
H of SO2 dissolved in water and the water content of the electrolyte solution. When the temperature increases, the degree of influence of Henry’s coefficient K
H and the reduction of the water content is greater than the degree of influence on the increase in diffusion coefficient, which decreases the sensor measurement value. The results of the temperature experiments show that the optimal temperature range for the sensor is −25 °C to 50 °C, and the average measurement error in this temperature range is less than 20%. When the temperature exceeds 50 °C, it will cause a reduction in the evaporation of water in the electrolyte solution, leading to a rapid increase in the measurement error. The structure of the sensor can be improved by adding a water retention layer inside the sensor to supplement the electrolyte solution with water, so as to reduce the measurement error.
Pore Evolution Law and Gas Migration Characteristics of Acidified Anthracite in Liquid CO2‐ECBM: An Experimental Study
Authors: Cheng Xiaojiao , Xu Yanhui , Wen Hu , Fan Shixing , Liu Bocong , Wang Wen
Published: November 2024

The high gas pressure, low permeability, and strong gas absorption of coal seams in China complicate gas extraction, severely restricting the efficient development of coalbed gas. Liquid CO2 (LCO2) has a dual effect of cracking and enhancing the permeability of coal rock, thus, enhancing gas recovery. In this study, experimental testing and comparative analyses were performed to analyze the LCO2 acidification of antireflection coal, for which reference and variable experimental groups were designed. The acidification effect was quantitatively analyzed by examining changes in the pH value of the reaction solution, mineral content of coal, and pore structure during the experimental process. The experimental results indicated that a higher pressure resulted in a greater amount of CO2 being dissolved and a stronger acidity of the reaction water sample. As the reaction time increased, the minerals in the coal gradually dissolved and more H+ ions in the solution were consumed. The calcite (carbonate) and illite (clay mineral) contents significantly decreased, which is the main reason for the change of coal pore structure. The minerals on the pore surface of coal react with (CO2–H2O) weak acid, which increases the development of pore branches, improves the complexity of coal pores, and roughens the pore surface. Acidification significantly increases the number of micropores (<10 nm) and small pores (10–100 nm) in coal; furthermore, pore development is simple, the surface is smooth, and the pore connectivity is improved, which makes this part of pores have fractal characteristics. CO2–H2O–coal acidification increases the pore volume corresponding to the CO2/CH4 gas slippage flow in coal and strengthens the mass and energy transfer of CO2/CH4 in coal. CO2 can enter more pores than CH4 and displace the adsorbed and free CH4 in the pores.
Effective Management of a Fractured Tooth in a Child Using an Aesthetic Pediatric Crown: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Lampl Stephan , Gurunathan Deepa , Mehta Deepak , Krithikadatta Jogikalmat , Moodley Desigar
Published: November 2024

Background: Traumatic dental injuries in children present unique challenges, requiring evidence‐based and individualized approaches. Accidental falls are a common cause, resulting in a spectrum of clinical presentations. Managing tooth injuries in mixed dentition adds complexity to treatment decisions.

Methods: This case report details the conservative management of an 8‐year‐old with a fractured permanent lateral incisor following a fall. The child’s physical status was assessed, ruling out abuse and associated neurological issues. A novel pediatric full crown fabricated from a hybrid glass material was chosen for its minimally invasive preparation and aesthetic properties.

Results: Procedural details, including crown sizing, contouring, and bonding, are outlined. One‐year follow‐up revealed no discoloration, pain, or adverse effects. The hybrid glass material demonstrated longevity in bonding, maintaining both function and esthetics. The discussion encompasses the choice of crown materials and the advantages of hybrid glass material.

Conclusion: The case highlights successful conservative restoration in mixed dentition using a pediatric full crown with a hybrid glass material. This approach achieved functional and aesthetic improvements, preserved tooth vitality, and ensured patient satisfaction.
An Extension of Root Assessment Method (RAM) Under Spherical Fuzzy Framework for Optimal Selection of Electricity Production Technologies Toward Sustainability: A Case Study
Authors: Hezam Ibrahim M. , Ali Ahmed M. , Sallam Karam , Hameed Ibrahim A. , Foul Abdelaziz , Abdel-Basset Mohamed
Published: November 2024

This paper integrated the root assessment method (RAM) with a spherical fuzzy set (SFS) to rank the alternatives and select the best electricity production technology. The SF‐Entropy is used to compute the factor’s weights, and the SF‐RAM method ranks the alternatives. This study used four main factors, 29 subfactors, and 24 alternatives. The four main factors are economic, environmental, social, and political. The results show that economic factors are most important, followed by social, environmental, and political factors. The results of the SF‐RAM method show that hydropower and wind onshore are the highest‐rank technologies in Egypt. The sensitivity and comparative analysis are conducted in this study. The sensitivity analysis was conducted with 30 scenarios in changing factors’ weights and three scenarios in changing of expert’s weight. The sensitivity analysis results show the alternatives’ rank is stable under different scenarios. The comparative analysis was conducted using various multicriteria decision‐making (MCDM) methods. The results of the comparative analysis demonstrate that the proposed methodology outperforms other MCDM approaches. This study supports governments in mitigating environmental impacts, ultimately leading to lower morbidity rates.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Fe2O3 Nanophotocatalyst for the Treatment of Various Pollutants in Aqueous Phase: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khalaf Aya , Abu-Dalo Duaa , AlShamaileh Ehab
Published: November 2024

Many techniques are used for the treatment of wastewater, including physical, chemical, biological, physiochemical, and biophysical methods. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), a chemical approach, are a key procedure for wastewater treatment. AOPs are applied to nonbiodegradable effluents, using less energy and chemicals while producing a completely biodegradable intermediate sample that can then undergo additional treatment to completely remove all organic matter. The AOPs can be chemical, photochemical, sonochemical, or electrochemical. Photochemical reactions accelerate the breaking down of organic pollutants using a photocatalyst that absorbs light and serves as a catalyst for chemical operations. There are a lot of photocatalysts that are used in water purification, such as TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2, CdS, CeO2, ZnS, FeO, Fe2O3, SnO2, and WO3, and most of them are at the nanoscale. This article analyzes and covers the main aspects of using Fe2O3 nanoparticles for the purification of water and wastewater. It covers the application of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the treatment of water and wastewater and the mechanisms of solar photodegradation of iron oxide (Fe2O3) photocatalysts. It shows the Fe2O3 nanoparticle synthesis methods and introduces the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. The review makes comparisons between the photocatalytic membrane reactor and the suspended system, as well as upcoming challenges and opportunities related to using Fe2O3 nanoparticles in these processes. This provides researchers with a different perspective on the photocatalysis outcomes that might be attained when the Fe2O3 photocatalysts are incorporated into various treatment systems.
Signal-Guided Multitask Learning for Myocardial Infarction Classification Using Images of Electrocardiogram
Authors: Park Bo Eun , Shon Byungeun , Cho Jungrae , Jung Min-Su , Park Jong Sung , Kim Myeong Seop , Lee Eunkyu , Choi Hyohun , Park Hyuk Kyoon , Park Yoon Jung , Kim Hong Nyun , Kim Namkyun , Bae Myung Hwan , Lee Jang Hoon , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Jeong Sungmoon , Jang Se Yong
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) needs to be swift and accurate, but definitively diagnosing it based on the first test encountered in clinical practice, the electrocardiogram (ECG), is not an easy task. The purpose of the study was to develop a deep learning (DL) algorithm using multitask learning method to differentiate patients experiencing MI from those without coronary artery disease using image-based ECG data. Methods: A DL model was developed based on 11,227 ECG images. We developed a new ECG interpretation algorithm through signal-guided multitask learning, building on a previously published single-task algorithm. The utility of this model was evaluated by testing 51 physicians in interpreting ECGs with and without the assistance of the DL model. Results: The proposed model demonstrated superior performance, achieving 90.56% accuracy, 83.82% sensitivity, 93.02% specificity, 81.44% precision, and an F1 score of 82.61% in discriminating MI ECG. Overall, the median accuracy of ECG interpretation improved from 62% to 68% with the DL algorithm. Trainees and specialists in internal medicine experienced significant accuracy increases (60–66% for trainees, 72–80% for specialists). In the MI group, NSTEMI accuracy was notably lower than STEMI (33% vs. 80%, p < 0.001), but the DL algorithm improved interpretative capabilities in both NSTEMI and STEMI. Conclusions: Signal-guided multitask DL algorithm demonstrated superior performance compared with previous single-task algorithm. The DL algorithm supports the physicians’ decision discriminating MI ECGs from non-MI ECGs. The improvement was consistent in subgroups of STEMI and NSTEMI.
La socialización de niños y niñas en la era digital. Antecedentes investigativos 2018-2023
Authors: Benavides Bolaños Arbey , Robayo Noreña Sandra Milena , Santacoloma Juliana
Published: November 2024

Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han llegado a las familias para quedarse. Forman parte de la vida cotidiana y su carácter formador e influenciador. Comprender las narrativas que construyen los niños y niñas a partir de la mediación y usos de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación es un desafío de la sociedad actual, con el objetivo de potenciar el papel de la familia en su rol como agente socializador. Este artículo busca indagar cómo se han abordado en las investigaciones las narrativas que los niños y las niñas hacen sobre los usos de las tecnologías digitales y cómo se han interpretado esas formas de relación emergente. Contribuye al fortalecimiento de la gestión de conocimiento en torno al uso que hacen los niños y las niñas de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el ámbito familiar como parte de su socialización.
La mujer campesina, un territorio para dignificar, hacer memoria y cuidar de la vida.
Authors: Gutiérrez Joven Lina María , Lozano Ardila Martha Cecilia , Sánchez Londoño Néstor Daniel
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo de reflexión aborda el tema de la mujer campesina, cuyo cuerpo es considerado el primer territorio, y analiza sus roles dentro de la ruralidad, desde una perspectiva descolonial. El objetivo es fomentar un diálogo entre el contexto y las sujetas que lo habitan. Este ejercicio académico, surge en la colectividad del semillero de investigación nodo Garzón con la intención, entre otros objetivos, de generar pro-puestas para el cuidado del territorio y la vida en el municipio, de manera que articule los saberes ancestrales, populares e institucionales. Es una posibilidad para seguir cuestionando las estructuras patriarcales que aún nos atan a unos escenarios violen-tos, de profunda inequidad, precariedad laboral y educativa, y discriminación sexual. Además, busca tejer una memoria colectiva que nos invita a seguir la juntanza para seguir tejiendo con la palabra la memoria colectiva.
Habilidades socioemocionales y convivencia escolar. Un análisis documental en la Educación Primaria.
Authors: Martínez Inés Judith , Lozano Ardila Martha Cecilia , Alvarado Salgado Sara Victoria
Published: November 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio documental sobre convivencia escolar, habilidades socioemocionales y la solución de conflictos en el aula para la formación ciudadana de los estudiantes de básica primaria. Se identifican cuatro tendencias relacionadas con los temas de interés: a) las habilidades socioemocionales en la convivencia escolar. b) el conflicto escolar. c) la convivencia y construcción de ciudadanía. El análisis de las investigaciones muestra concordancia en el interés por las habilidades socioemocionales como una alternativa para aprender a resolver conflictos, mejorar la convivencia escolar en las aulas, y en la formación de ciudadanía de los estudiantes de primaria. Estos temas aportan a la producción de conocimiento del macroproyecto de investigación "Diálogo de saberes entre las organizaciones sociales y las instituciones educativas de la subregión sur del departamento del Huila para articular esfuerzos en la construcción de ciudadanía como estrategia de defensa de la vida”.
Desantropologizando el camino de las sembradoras, custodias y cosechadoras. Una mirada crítica y ecosistémica alrededor de las semillas libres.
Authors: Rojas Claros Laura Camila , Sánchez Londoño Néstor Daniel
Published: November 2024

Las semillas nativas y criollas se encuentran en riesgo de extinción, asi como también los saberes y practicas propias, populares o ancestrales de cómo cuidarlas, sembrarlas y cosecharlas. Esto debido a las prácticas y conocimientos hegemónicos del agro-negocio. El objetivo del presente artículo es reflexionar acerca de las semillas libres como un bien común inalienable y fundamental para garantizar la vida y el vínculo entre los seres humanos y los ecosistemas. Reconociendo como los conocimientos propios y ancestrales vienen desde la coexistencia con el ecosistema y una constante simbiosis que implica escuchar, observar, reconocer y adaptarse a las dinámicas con todos los seres vivos, pero también del sentido común, la intuición, las emociones y la autonomía del poder decidir además del intercambio comunitario para seleccionar la mejores semillas para la resiembra. Incluso se reconoce y resignifica a les sujetos, espacios de poder y las diversas formas milenarias Inter especies de cuidar y custodiar las semillas, para cosechar soberanía y autonomía alimentaria.
Conspiracionistas e antivacinas: desinformação global nas ruas de Alicante (Espanha)
Authors: Alves Ismael Gonçalves
Published: November 2024

O conjunto de registros fotográficos, ora apresentado, é resultado parcial de minha estadia como pesquisador visitante no Instituto Universitario de Estudios Sociales de América Latina da Universidade de Alicante, Espanha, realizada entre os meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2024. A ideia deste trabalho, surgiu a partir da experiência de caminhar por um espaço urbano desconhecido, quando ruas, construções e pessoas, ainda não são familiares, e despertam no transeunte interesse pelos mínimos detalhes do caminho. Durante minhas caminhas pelo centro de Alicante, em direção a universidade, passei a observar que em certas lixeiras, postes e calhas chuva que desciam dos edifícios, havia pequenos adesivos, colados, na altura dos olhos, geralmente em preto e branco, contendo imagens, textos e um pequeno QR Code. Ao me aproximar do primeiro deles, percebi que se tratava de um discurso antivacina, e conforme fui caminhando e  lendo os demais, notei que se tratava de uma discussão conspiracionista aliada a desinformação sobre a vacina contra o COVID-19.
Tentam nos vestir de noiva: sete queertografias paulistanas
Authors: Meneses Emerson Silva
Published: November 2024

Neste trabalho evidenciamos o processo de apagamento da memória de lugares outrora associados a minorias sexuais na cidade de São Paulo. São antigos locais de homossociabilidade, de experimentação de sexualidades e gêneros, de possibilidades não normativas de construção das subjetividades. Foram locais de enfrentamento e resistência à cisheteronormatividade dominante, verdadeiras “manchas” da e na cidade de São Paulo. Hoje, são espaços que sofrem o apagamento dessa memória, obra da sujeição aos ditames do mercado imobiliário que os quer rentáveis, e à heteronorma, que os quer imaculados e inodoros. A técnica usada para produzir o ensaio é o que chamamos de “queertografia”: a sobreposição de fotos atuais e antigas, por meio da qual memórias queer ou LGTBQIA+ ressurgem como aura fantasmagórica que resiste e recusa o apagamento.
Dos diálogos sobre a “Nova Era”: etnografia, deslocamentos e desdobramentos
Authors: Schwade Elisete
Published: November 2024

O artigo apresenta a trajetória da pesquisa desde o deslocamento do oeste de Santa Catarina para o doutorado em São Paulo, onde se deu a aproximação com o campo de estudos da Nova Era e dos neo-esoterismos no contexto da metrópole paulistana e a pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida em três cidades do Nordeste – Recife, Natal e Campina Grande – a partir do ingresso como docente na UFRN, e os estudos que investigam relações entre gênero e geração em contextos rurais, em pesquisas junto a assentamentos. O aprendizado de uma mirada etnográfica de perto e de dentro, a mobilização de categorias analíticas como o circuito, o treinamento da atenção para a centralidade do gênero como organizador de experiências sociais são transversais a estas pesquisas, e destaca-se o papel de José Guilherme Magnani como formador e interlocutor, o que possibilita trocas de perspectivas sobre novos objetos, como comparações entre assentamentos, como o Vale do Lírio, e ocupações urbanas, como a Copa do Povo.
Invisible beings: an overview of people with disabilities' circumstances in Japan
Authors: Lopes Beatriz Kaori Miyakoshi , Uehara Alexandre Ratsuo
Published: November 2024

Despite Japan ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2014 and the fact that Tokyo will be the first city in the world to host the Paralympic Games more than once, people with disabilities are usually segregated from society and regarded as invisible. This segregation process starts at childhood and lingers throughout these individuals’ lives. This work aims to outline an overview of their living conditions, as well as the Japanese legislation and recent events in the country’s history.
O debate sobre eleições diretas nas páginas da Meiroku Zasshi
Authors: Monzani João Marcelo
Published: November 2024

The 1870s in Japan were a decade one of political unrest. Spurred on by the Memorial on the establishment of a popular elected assembly, a public document dating from 1874, many groups organized themselves throughout the country to promote the rights of the population as a whole and, most especially, the establishment of direct voting and direct political participation. This topic was particularly discussed by intellectuals who regularly contributed to Meiroku Magazine, being one of the most debated subjects in its pages. In this paper, we will present this debate, as well as the main positions taken. We will demonstrate that, despite a general cautious tone, each writer took a stand on the topic according to their political convictions.
Fukuzawa Yukichi e o papel dos intelectuais dos estudos ocidentais na sociedade Meiji
Authors: Camargo Luis Guilherme Libaneo de , Monzani João Marcelo
Published: November 2024

Gakumon no susume é uma das principais obras de Fukuzawa Yukichi (1834-1901) e uma das mais importantes sobre educação na sociedade japonesa. Um compêndio de escritos sobre educação e individualidade, em seu quarto volume, Fukuzawa postula que os intelectuais de estudos ocidentais deveriam focar seus esforços na modernização do Japão fora dos âmbitos oficiais do governo Meiji, dedicando-se ao campo privado. Katô Hiroyuki, Mori Arinori, Tsuda Mamichi e Nishi Amane, no entanto, defendem que tais indivíduos devem dedicar-se ao avanço civilizatório da posição que preferirem. Neste artigo, pretendemos mostrar como o este volume da obra serviu de base para as discussões figuradas nos artigos do segundo volume da Revista Meiroku em relação à postura dos intelectuais japoneses dos estudos ocidentais diante das afirmações de Fukuzawa e como estes textos apresentam certa discrepância de pensamentos e ideias.
O todo nas partes
Authors: Nassar Paulo , Farias Luiz Alberto de
Published: November 2024

Editorial of the edition.
Entre estórias e dissonâncias: o patrimônio cultural a partir do Museu da Pessoa
Authors: Silva Lucas Nibbering Alves da , Cozzetti Giovanna Mendonça , Farias Luiz Alberto de
Published: November 2024

In this article, we analyse the way in which heritage can endorse dominant perspectives, while at the same time being able to sustain counter-hegemonic strategies in its dissonances, immersed in a dialectical relationship with social reality. To do this, we took the Museu da Pessoa ("Museum of the Person") as the subject of our paper. We investigated how the logic of the referred museum challenges not only traditional collectionism, but also the question of the figure of the specialist and the very meaning of cultural heritage. In view of its dissonant character, we elaborate on the paradoxical situation of the institution as an instance of legitimisation and proposer of power shifts in terms of museum-making.
Derechos Humanos en la era de la hiperautomatización: implicaciones jurídicas y éticas para los migrantes digitales
Authors: Pérez-Pacheco Yaritza
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina cómo el impacto de la hiperautomatización representa riesgos para los derechos humanos de los "migrantes digitales" como grupo vulnerable. El principal objetivo es analizar de qué modo la integración de tecnologías emergentes amenaza la privacidad, la no discriminación y la inclusión digital. Para lograr este propósito, se emplea un enfoque cualitativo que integra revisión de literatura y estudio de casos emblemáticos. Además, el método comparado permite comprender en profundidad los desafíos que enfrentan los migrantes digitales al adaptarse forzadamente a un contexto tecnológico cambiante. El análisis se realiza desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos que resalta la necesidad urgente de actualizar la normativa e incorporar principios éticos a escala global, acciones esenciales para resguardar los derechos fundamentales de los migrantes digitales considerando los riesgos que presenta la hiperautomatización. En definitiva, este trabajo ofrece reflexiones sobre el equilibrio necesario entre innovación tecnológica y protección de derechos humanos.
Mulheres podcasters: entre narrativas feministas e comunidades virtuais
Authors: Hack Aline
Published: November 2024

Este artículo examina la relevancia de los medios podcast para registrar las memorias de la comunidad de mujeres podcasters, destacando las trayectorias feministas de sus productoras. La investigación analiza cómo las narrativas producidas por estas mujeres contribuyen a la construcción de espacios de acción y reflexión, tanto en el entorno digital como en la podosfera. Utilizando metodología de etnografía digital, con registros de cuadernos de campo y observaciones en tres grupos de mensajería instantánea, el estudio busca comprender la dinámica y el impacto de estas narrativas. Los resultados indican que el podcast puede ser un instrumento eficaz para establecer la historia y marcar territorio digital a través de narrativas.
Environmentally Induced Human Displacement and Human Rights: Bridging Legal Gaps Through a Human Rights-Based Approach
Authors: Chotouras Dimitris , Fragkou Roxani , Tsadiras Alexandros
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the complex issue of environmentally induced human displacement and emphasises the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to address it effectively. It begins by examining the terminology and underlying causes of environmentally induced human displacement and highlights the interdependence of environmental degradation, climate change and human migration. Next, it stresses the importance of protecting displaced individuals irrespective of terminology and advocates for a human rights-based approach as the most effective means to ensure their legal status and protection. The article calls for a paradigm shift within the human rights regime through the recognition of a right to a healthy environment in a legally binding global instrument. That shift would provide a stronger legal foundation for protecting environmentally induced displaced persons and would bridge the existing gaps in international law. Furthermore, the introduction of this right would empower States to clearly define their obligations and grant displaced individuals access to legal recourse and support systems, ensuring their rights are recognised and upheld.
The Impact of COVID-19 and Socioeconomic Determinants on Appointment Non-Attendance in an Urban Otolaryngology Clinic: A Retrospective Analysis From a Safety Net Hospital
Authors: Puyo Elizabeth M. , Salvati Lindsay R. , Garg Neha , Bayly Henry , Kariveda Rohith R. , Carnino Jonathan M. , Nathan Ajay S. , Levi Jessica R.
Published: November 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate various demographic, socioeconomic, COVID-related, and clinical factors associated with missed otolaryngology appointments in the outpatient setting at Boston Medical Center (BMC), an urban safety net hospital.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was conducted on adults (≥18 years old) with scheduled appointments in the otolaryngology department at BMC from May 1, 2015, to May 1, 2022. Data were extracted from the electronic medical record and included appointment-related factors (eg, status and type), demographic variables (eg, age, sex, race, and ethnicity), and socioeconomic factors (eg, employment and insurance). Statistical analyses utilized a binary mixed-effects model to identify predictors of appointment non-attendance, with pre-COVID, during COVID, and post-COVID periods defined for comparative analysis.

Results:

Out of 14 050 patients, 5725 (40.8%) were classified as no-show. Older age decreased the likelihood of missing appointments (OR = 0.989, 95% CI = [0.986, 0.992]). Males (OR = 1.090, 95% CI = [1.022, 1.161]), Black/African American (OR = 2.047, 95% CI = [1.878, 2.231]), and Hispanic or Latino individuals (OR = 1.369, 95% CI = [1.232, 1.521]) were more likely to not show up. Retired participants (OR = 0.859, 95% CI = [0.753, 0.981]) and those with private insurance (OR = 0.698, 95% CI = [0.643, 0.758]) were less likely to miss appointments. During the COVID-19 pandemic, appointment attendance improved (OR = 0.865, 95% CI = [0.767, 0.976]). In-person appointments had a significantly higher non-attendance rate compared to telemedicine appointments (OR = 6.133, 95% CI = [5.248, 7.167]).

Conclusions:

Appointment non-attendance in otolaryngology is influenced by various demographic and socioeconomic factors, with significant disparities observed among racial and ethnic groups. The COVID-19 pandemic altered attendance patterns, highlighting the potential benefits of telemedicine. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address healthcare disparities and improve appointment adherence, particularly among minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Future research should incorporate patient perspectives to better understand barriers to appointment attendance.
Dangerous Dogs: An analysis of the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 and Breed-Specific Legislation. Are We Barking up the Wrong Tree?
Authors: Weir Cheryl
Published: November 2024

The enactment of the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 is an example of a reactive introduction of legislation in response to a series of dog attacks that year. In September 2023, the Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak, announced that the Government would again be taking action to ban an additional dog breed type by the end of 2023 in another reactive action. The proposal to add the American Bully XL breed type to the list of banned breeds detailed in S.1 Dangerous Dogs Act 1991 came into force on 31 December 2023. No other proposals for reform of the Act have been suggested to date. This article will explore the legislative amendments and consider whether the Government's recent reform is sufficient to adequately protect the public from dangerous dogs and dog attacks.
Outcomes of hand-made versus commercial stent grafts in frozen elephant trunk
Authors: Kanemitsu Shinji , Ishikawa Renta , Sakamoto Shunsuke , Mizumoto Toru
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique is effective for treating extended aortic arch aneurysms. This study compares hand-made and factory-made devices in this context.

Methods

A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 68 patients who underwent FET for distal aortic arch aneurysm at our institution. We used two different types of devices: hand-made stent graft in group Z (17 cases, 25.0%) and a commercialized stent graft in group J (51 cases, 75.0%). The study compared demographic characteristics and the outcomes between the two groups.

Results

In-hospital mortality was equivalent in both groups (5.9%). Spinal cord injury rates were 5.9% in group Z and 3.9% in group J. Group Z had a higher rate of aortic events (55.9% vs 96.9%, p < 0.001) and more frequent stent migration. The number of cases with aneurysm diameter shrinkage was lower in group Z. The landing zone angle at insertion influenced aneurysm changes, being 17.6 degrees in shrink cases and 26.7 degrees in unchanged or enlarged cases ( p = 0.045).

Conclusions

FROZENIX device notably reduced incidences of postoperative complications compared to hand-made prostheses. Factors such as insertion angle and stent size, rather than changes in the landing zone angle, appeared to influence aneurysm shrinkage. The use of FROZENIX in TARFET procedures has shown benefits in reducing complications and improving long-term prognosis, taking into account the landing zone angle.
Total arterial revascularization with RIMA-LIMA-Y configuration in patients with left subclavian artery stenosis
Authors: Kumar Anit , Sundar Bharath , Khapli Swanand , Salim Ahmed Sayyed Azhar , Barman Dhiraj , Kapoor Lalit , Chakraborty Unmesh
Published: November 2024

Background:

Subclavian artery stenosis (SAS) occurs in 6% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Complications such as subclavian-coronary steal are common. Revascularization options in such cases remain debatable.

Methods

In this case series, all patients with angina, had severe triple vessel disease on angiography. All tests including computed tomography (CT) angiography of neck vessels, were done as part of routine workup for CABG.

Results:

The patients, all males, had a mean age of 66.5 years with three of them having hypertension and diabetes. All were ex-smokers with mean ejection fraction (EF) of 60.1%. CT angiography of neck vessels revealed that two patients had moderate to severe while one had severe left SAS and another had severe proximal left internal mammary artery (LIMA) stenosis. Total arterial revascularization was performed, with an average of 3.5 distal grafts. The LIMA graft was employed in a Y graft configuration, anastomosed to in-situ right internal mammary artery (RIMA). All patients had uneventful postoperative stay and were discharged with a mean hospital stay of 3.8 days. There were no postoperative strokes, myocardial infarction, neurological symptoms, or change in EF. At 6-month follow-up, they were asymptomatic and doing well.

Conclusion:

The RIMA-LIMA-Y configuration can be a safe, viable option in CABG for patients with left SAS. It is challenging, with re-entry and judicious utilization of the length of LIMA being of paramount importance. The importance of CT angiography of neck vessels to detect SAS cannot be under-emphasized.
Accidental finding of ALCAPA in a child with severe mitral regurgitation: A case study
Authors: Rahmat Budi , Prakoso Radityo , Simbolon Rafles PH. , Lopolisa Albert T. , Rayhan Muhammad , Marwali Eva M.
Published: November 2024

Case report

A six-year-old child who had undergone cardiac surgery five years ago presented to us with severe mitral valve regurgitation. During her current surgery, the coronary artery was injured during the attempt to release extensive epicardial adhesion, resulting in very poor contractility that prompted a delay in the intended valve repair. The injured coronary vessels were successfully repaired, yet low cardiac output syndrome persisted during perioperative care, necessitating further investigation of the coronary problem. It was later discovered that the patient had anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) syndrome.

Discussion

The presence of severe mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, and anatomical factors may have contributed to the delayed presentation and diagnosis in this case. The severity of mitral regurgitation and the most likely underlying mechanism indicates a low possibility of recovery following coronary repair alone, warranting the need for concomitant mitral surgery. Coronary and mitral repair were performed in this patient, resulting in a favorable outcome.

Conclusions

The management of ALCAPA presents unique challenges, especially in cases with delayed diagnosis. Proper diagnosis and tailored surgical approaches are crucial for achieving favorable outcomes in patients with ALCAPA.
Sensitivity assessment of QSM+qBOLD (or QQ) in detecting elevated oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in physiological change
Authors: Elanghovan Praveena , Nguyen Thanh , Spincemaille Pascal , Gupta Ajay , Wang Yi , Cho Junghun
Published: November 2024

The study investigated the sensitivity of a novel MRI-based OEF mapping, quantitative susceptibility mapping plus quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent imaging (QSM+qBOLD or QQ), to physiological changes, particularly increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by using hyperventilation as a vasoconstrictive stimulus. While QQ’s sensitivity to decreased OEF during hypercapnia has been demonstrated, its sensitivity to increased OEF levels, crucial for cerebrovascular disorders like vascular dementia and Parkinson’s disease, remains unexplored. In comparison with a previous QSM-based OEF, we evaluated QQ’s sensitivity to high OEF values. MRI data were obtained from 11 healthy subjects during resting state (RS) and hyperventilation state (HV) using a 3 T MRI with a three-dimensional multi-echo gradient echo sequence (mGRE) and arterial spin labeling (ASL). Region of interest (ROI) analysis and paired t-tests were used to compare OEF, CMRO2 and CBF between QQ and QSM. Similar to QSM, QQ showed higher OEF during HV compared to RS: in cortical gray matter, QQ-OEF and QSM-OEF was 36.4[Formula: see text]4.7% and 35.3[Formula: see text]12.5% at RS and 45.0[Formula: see text]11.6% and 45.0[Formula: see text]14.8% in HV, respectively. These findings demonstrate QQ’s ability to detect physiological changes and suggest its potential in studying brain metabolism in neurological disorders.
Desmin-related myopathy manifested by various types of arrhythmias: a case report and literature review
Authors: Geng Lu , Wang Mengxiao , Wang Keke , Xu Liang , Li Jiaqi , Liu Fan , Lu Jingchao
Published: November 2024

Desmin is a type III intermediate filament protein specifically expressed in muscle cells, which is encoded by the DES gene. Defects in the desmin protein and cytoskeletal instability may interfere with cardiac muscle conduction signals, a fundamental mechanism for arrhythmias in patients with desmin-related myopathy. This current case report presents a female patient in her early 20s who presented with early-onset complete atrioventricular block and complete left bundle branch block over the previous decade. More recently, she had developed ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias. Echocardiography revealed non-compaction of the ventricular myocardium and pulmonary hypertension. Whole-exome sequencing analysis identified a heterozygous missense mutation in the DES gene: c.1216C>T (p.Arg406Trp). She was eventually diagnosed with arrhythmias due to desmin-related myopathy. A literature review of international databases was undertaken to summarise the clinical characteristics of the cardiac involvement associated with this DES gene mutation.