bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling water balance components of conifer species using the Noah-MP model in an eastern Mediterranean ecosystem
Authors: Amini Fasakhodi Mohsen , Djuma Hakan , Sofokleous Ioannis , Eliades Marinos , Bruggeman Adriana
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Few studies have investigated the performance of land surface models for semiarid Mediterranean forests. This study aims to parameterize and test the performance of the Noah-MP land surface model for an eastern Mediterranean ecosystem. To this end, we calibrated the model for root zone soil moisture and transpiration of two conifer species, Pinus brutia, and Cupressus sempervirens, in a plantation forest on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The study area has a long-term average annual rainfall of 315 mm. Observations from 4 sap flow and 48 soil moisture sensors, for the period from December 2020 to June 2022, were used for model parameterization. A local sensitivity analysis found that the surface infiltration (REFKDT), hydraulic conductivity (SATDK), and stomatal resistance (RSMIN) parameters had the highest impacts on the water balance components (soil evaporation, tree transpiration, surface runoff, and drainage). The model performed better during the wetter 9-month validation period (379 mm rain) than during the drier 10-month calibration period (175 mm rain). Average soil moisture in the top 60 cm of the soil profile was reasonably well captured for both species (daily Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency > 0.80 for validation). Among the three soil layers, the second layer (20–40 cm) showed better simulation performance during both periods and for both species. The model exhibited limitations with respect to simulating transpiration, particularly during the drier calibration period. The inclusion of a root distribution function in the model, along with the monitoring of soil moisture below the 60 cm soil depth in the field, could improve the accuracy of model simulations in such water-limited ecosystems.
Efek Mediasi Kepuasan Mahasiswa pada Pengaruh Citra Institusi Terhadap Loyalitas Mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Hukama La Diadhan
Published: December 2024

Loyalty in the context of higher education can be described as students' willingness to promote the university to others or return to the university to continue their studies. Student loyalty is directly related to student satisfaction and the image of the educational institution. Student loyalty, institutional image and student satisfaction make important factors that are of concern to higher education managers.  In this context, this research was conducted. This study aims to look at the effect of institutional image and student satisfaction on student loyalty with the object of research of students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at one of the private universities in Jakarta.  Most of the data utilized in this study are data collected through surveys so that this research is classified as quantitative research and as many as 141 respondents participated in this study. This study succeeded in proving that institutional image has a positive effect on student satisfaction and student satisfaction has a positive effect on student loyalty. Another finding is that research has not been able to prove the effect of institutional image on student loyalty. In addition, this study succeeded in proving the mediating role of student satisfaction on the effect of institutional image on student loyalty
Emmanuel Macron’un Emeklilik Reformu’nun Kurumsal Boyutu Olarak Rasyonelleştirilmiş Fransız Parlamentosu: Tarihsel-Anayasal Temeller ve Kanun Tekliflerinin Kabulünde Hükümetin “Nükleer Seçenek” Usulü
Authors: Ertaş Türker
Published: December 2024

Hükümet istikrarsızlıkları ve askeri-siyasi krizlerle geçen IV. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin akabinde yürürlüğe giren 1958 Fransız Anayasası, yasama organı aleyhine yürütme organını hem kurumsal hem de teşrii düzeyde belirgin bir şekilde güçlendirmektedir. Burada pek tabii ki IV. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin karakteristiği hâline gelen kısa ömürlü kabinelerin esas sorumlusu olarak 1946 Anayasası’nın benimsediği yasama-yürütme ilişkilerinin gösterilmesinin etkisi büyüktür. Gerçekten de 1946 Anayasası, Hükümetin gerek göreve başlaması gerek görevine devam etmesi aşamasında Fransız Parlamentosu’na Hükümet karşısında kullanabileceği çok önemli silahlar veya kozlar bahşetmiştir. Bununla birlikte Hükümetin veya Cumhurbaşkanının herhangi bir siyasi kriz durumunda kullanabileceği anayasal mekanizmalar ise çok kısıtlı veya sıkı koşullara tabi bir şekilde düzenlenmiştir. 1958 Anayasası, Fransız Parlamentosu ile yürütme organı arasındaki bu dengesizliği ortadan kaldırmak ve hatta kurumsal dengeyi yürütme organı lehine değiştirmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Başka bir deyişle, 1958 Anayasası ile IV. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin irrasyonel davranan Fransız Parlamentosu, deyim yerindeyse rasyonelleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. V. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin tipik kurumsal özelliklerden birisi olan rasyonelleştirilmiş parlamentonun çarpıcı bir yansıması da 1958 Anayasası’nın 49. maddesinin üçüncü fıkrasıdır. Söz konusu hüküm uyarınca Başbakan, Bakanlar Kurulunda müzakere edildikten sonra bir kanun teklifinin kabulünü Millî Meclis nezdinde hükümetin güven meselesi yapabilir. Eğer Hükümet yirmi dört saat içerisinde güvensizlik oyu ile düşürülmezse söz konusu kanun teklifi Millî Meclis tarafından kabul edilmiş sayılır. Emmanuel Macron’un Emeklilik Reformu olarak bilinen ve emeklilik yaşını 62’den kademeli olarak 64’e yükseltmeyi öngören kanun teklifi, söz konusu rasyonelleştirilmiş parlamento mekanizması işletilerek kabul edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Cumhurbaşkanı Macron’un nezdinde dönemin Başbakanı Élisabeth Borne’nun Nükleer Seçenek (Nuclear Option) olarak da bilinen söz konusu maddeyi işletmesi, yoğun eleştirileri ve ülke çapında gösterileri beraberinde getirmiştir. Söz konusu hükmün işletilmesine yönelik eleştirilerin temelinde, Fransız Parlamentosu’nun artık irrasyonel bir yasama organı olmadığı ve görece demode olmuş bir hükmün işletilmesi suretiyle Millî Meclis iradesinin göz ardı edilerek demokrasiye gölge düşürüldüğü görüşü yatmaktadır.
Physical Fitness Level and the Selected Testing in Individuals with Intellectual Disability (ID): A Scoping Review
Authors: Mojiin Willince , Othman Norhasmira , Ahmad Nur Syamsina , Ghafar Rosniwati , Hamzah Nurul Azuar , Zulkifli Erie Zuraidee
Published: December 2024

Individuals with Intellectual disabilities (ID) demonstrate a lower level of cardiovascular fitness than their normal counterparts, which starts at an early age and deteriorates with age. A poor level of physical fitness among individuals with ID, suggesting the need to improve their cardiovascular endurance, body composition, muscular endurance, strength, and motor coordination.
This review aimed to elucidate findings on selected fitness testing used among individuals with ID and their physical fitness status. Literature was searched systematically based on PRISMA guidelines, using Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. Twelve studies were included in the final analysis. There were randomised-controlled studies that investigated the measurement for fitness battery used among children, youth and athletes with ID. There are six main fitness batteries were reported to be used among ID people. Five studies reported to use Eurofit special battery, 3 studies using SAMU Dis fit, 1 study using Brockport, 1 study using Fullerton battery, while another 1 study using combination of Eurofit with Canadian Standard test and 1 study using others physical performance battery. Most of the batteries potentially to assess health and skill related fitness for special group population. The physical fitness tests also may be differ due to the differences in age factors, as a result from differ in capabilities and requirements in their daily functioning. Considering the health conditions of individual with ID, it is important to design and develop the fitness battery accordingly to provide appropriate recommendation to improve their overall wellbeing and health.
Design of ANFIS system to detect the condition of generator set model P22-6 based on Omron CJ1M PLC
Authors: Rahmawati Nanda Putri , Adhitya Ryan Yudha , Widodo Hendro Agus , Afianto Afif Zuhri , Khumaidi Agus , Budiawati Ratna , Hardiyanti Fitri , Santoso Mochamad Yusuf
Published: December 2024

The application of machine monitoring systems is currently increasingly needed, one of which is on generators. Generator sets are one of the important elements in providing energy needed in company operations. However, to ensure optimal performance and prevent unexpected engine damage, careful monitoring of the generator set's operational conditions is required, especially of key variables such as temperature, rotation speed, and engine vibration. The purpose of this study is to identify the condition of the generator set using three parameters. In this research, adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used as a tool to model the relationship between inputs (temperature, speed, and vibration) and outputs (engine condition). The dataset for normal conditions amounted to 25 data and for abnormal conditions amounted to 25 data. From this data, an RMSE of 0.000032 was obtained in the 3-3-5 membership function structure with a trapezoidal type membership function. And at the stage of applying fuzzy to the Omron PLC, the RMSE is 0. Simulations are carried out to test the effectiveness of ANFIS in predicting machine conditions based on monitored parameters.
Sentiment based-emotion classification using bidirectional long short term-memory (Bi-LSTM)
Authors: Utami Putri , Ningsih Maylinna Rahayu , Pertiwi Dwika Ananda Agustina , Unjung Jumanto
Published: December 2024

Social media is now an important platform for sharing information, expressing opinions, and daily feelings or emotions. The expression of emotions such as anger, sadness, fear, happiness, disappointment, and so on social networks can be further analyzed either for business purposes or just analyzing the habits of a community or someone's posts.  However, analyzing manually will be a time-consuming process, and the use of conventional methods can affect the results of less accurate accuracy. This research aims to improve the accuracy of recognizing emotions in text by using the Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) method, which is a subset of RNNs that tend to be more stable during training and show better performance on various NLP and other processing tasks. The method used includes several stages, namely preprocessing, tokenization, sequence padding, and modeling. The results of this study show that the Bi-LSTM model is capable of predicting emotions in text with an accuracy of 94.45% because it excels in handling the temporal context and can avoid vanishing gradients.
Implementation of text summarization on indonesian scientific articles using textrank algorithm with TF-IDF web-based
Authors: Sihombing Jeremia Jordan , Arnita Arnita , Al Idrus Said Iskandar , Niska Debi Yandra
Published: December 2024

The development of information technology has significantly changed how information is accessed, necessitating readers to absorb content efficiently and make quick decisions. To address this challenge, this research developed a text summarization system specifically for Indonesian scientific articles using a web-based implementation of the TextRank and TF-IDF algorithms. TextRank was selected for its capability to identify key sentences without requiring training data, while TF-IDF was employed to weight words based on their frequency within the document. The dataset comprised 100 scientific articles in Indonesian from the Unimed Kode Journal, covering the years 2022-2024. The summarization process included several critical stages: text preprocessing, TF-IDF weighting, cosine similarity calculation, and sentence ranking. The resulting summaries were rigorously evaluated by language experts and website specialists using a Likert scale to assess both the quality of the summaries and the usability of the system. The findings demonstrated that the system effectively generated summaries that retained essential information from the original articles, with the highest accuracy observed at a 50% compression rate (88.533%). Additionally, the system achieved good performance at 40% compression (85.133%) and 30% compression (81.26%). The web-based system allows users to input article text and quickly obtain a summary, offering a practical tool for researchers and readers to efficiently comprehend academic content.
THE HEALTH STATUS OF THE POPULATION BEYOND WORKING AGE IN THE TRANSBAIKAL TERRITORY
Authors: Evstafeva Yu. V. , Efimikova Yu. O.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research. To analyze morbidity rates by turnover, mortality of the population over the working age in the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Materials and methods. The work analyzed morbidity rates by turnover, mortality among the population older than working age. The sources of information were collections of the Ministry of Health of the region and the Russian Federation, as well as data from official sources of Rosstat. The work calculates the indicators of the dynamic range. Graphical forecasting was performed for the indicators in the Microsoft Excel program with the construction of a trend line.

Results. In 2022, the share of the population over the working age in the region was 20%. Thus, over a 10year period, the number of people in this age group increased by 11,4%. The primary morbidity rate in 2022 amounted to more than 57 thousand cases per 100 thousand population. The primary morbidity rate of the population over the working age in the region remained lower than similar indicators for the Far Eastern Federal District and the Russian Federation. The total incidence of the older generation in the region in 2022 amounted to about 220 thousand cases per 100 thousand population. The level of general morbidity in the region is lower than the same indicator in the Russian Federation. The mortality rate of the population over the working age in 2022 amounted to 43,7 cases per 100 thousand population. When comparing mortality rates in the region and the Russian Federation, higher rates were observed in the region throughout the analyzed period, on average by 8%.

Conclusions. Morbidity rates in terms of turnover among the older generation in the Trans-Baikal Territory tend to increase over the analyzed period. At the same time, these indicators remain lower than those in the Far Eastern Federal District and the Russian Federation. The mortality rate of the population of this age group remains higher than in the Russian Federation. The analysis of the health status of the older generation in the region indicates the need for managerial decisions in the regional health system.
THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL NEUROINFLAMMATION MOLECULES IN PATHOGENESIS ISCHEMIC STROKE. PART II
Authors: Ma-Van-de A. Yu. , Fefelova E. V. , Shirshov Y. A. , Marueva N. A.
Published: December 2024

The problem of cerebrovascular diseases, in particular acute cerebrovascular accident, does not lose its relevance. Despite the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the incidence of ischemic stroke among the population of the Russian Federation remains high. A well-established system of routing patients with acute vascular accidents and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment do not always guarantee a satisfactory result. The widespread prevalence of the disease, a high degree of disability and mortality, a decrease in the age of patients, economic losses associated with the rehabilitation of patients and their long-term disability dictate the need to find new and effective approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Currently conducted studies are aimed at studying the pathogenetic cascade of reactions that occur at the time of acute cerebral ischemia, in order to develop adjuvant therapy. Based on the results obtained, additional options are being developed in the treatment and further rehabilitation of patients. The presented literature review collects and analyzes current data on the problem of ischemic stroke. The role of individual molecules of the tumor necrosis factor family, which are directly involved in the development and course of cerebral infarction, but also affect the further prognosis of survival and recovery of patients, is considered.
Analytical review of the literature on plastic surgery with a research depth of 5 years according to PubMed data
Authors: Proshchenko Ya. N. , Vostrilov I. M. , Filippova O. V. , Filkina A. N. , Proshchenko Yu. Ya. , Nekrasov A. A. , Provorova E. N.
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the work: to study current areas of research in plastic surgery for 2018–2023. based on determining the frequency and structure of publication topics in the PubMed electronic database (MEDLINE).

Material and methods. The literature review was carried out in accordance with the international requirements of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The search for literature sources was carried out in the electronic database PubMed (MEDLINE) using combinations of operators OR, AND and keywords: plastic surgery OR aesthetic surgery OR reconstructive surgery OR microsurgery AND plastic surgery OR flap in reconstr surgery. The study period was 5 years, the search was carried out from February 8, 2018 to February 8, 2023.

Results. For analysis, we selected 521 articles that fully met the inclusion criteria. Articles on reconstructive surgery predominated – 78%, compared to aesthetic problems – 22%. When evaluating articles according to the anatomical section, it was revealed that 122 articles (23.42%) were devoted to the head and neck section, 109 (20.92%) – to the mammary gland, 104 (19.96%) – to the skin, 40 (7.68%) – to limbs, 33 (6.33%) – to flaps, 26 (4.99%) – to peripheral nerves, 23 (4.41%) – to urogenital pathology, 15 (2.88%) – to lymphatic system, 14 (2.69%) – to body, 10 (1.92%) – to other questions, 8 (1.54%) – to anatomy, 6 (1.15%) – to genetics, 6 (1.15%) – to hair cover, 3 (0.58%) – to microsurgical technique, 2 articles (0.38%) – to stomach. It was noted that urogenital reconstruction remains less popular among plastic surgery articles. The topic of limb replantation is also insufficiently studied.

Conclusion. An analysis of publication activity corresponding to the research topic, as well as the inclusion criteria, demonstrated that there is a stable trend towards an increase in the number of publications in the time period 2019–2023, which is due to the relevance and demand for this area of surgical practice.
An original method of nose reconstruction using an individualized titanium implant and a radial flap: a clinical case
Authors: Ivashkov V. Yu. , Denisenko A. S. , Kolsanov A. V. , Verbo E. V.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the number of oncological diseases of the facial area and the nasal area has increased. The consequences of surgical treatment of these diseases lead to the formation of functionally and aesthetically significant defects of the face and external nose, leading to disruption of such functions as breathing and speech. In this article, we propose a method for nose reconstruction using an individualized titanium implant in combination with a radial flap. Due to the use of additive technologies in combination with visualization and 3D modeling programs at the stage of preoperative planning, it becomes possible to analyze the defect, its localization, volume, tissue composition, as well as to model and create an individual implant. This approach allows you to get good functional and aesthetic results in one operation, reduce the number of complications and rehabilitation period.
Experience of total hip arthroplasty in a patient with post-traumatic aseptic necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Yamshchikov О. N. , Emelyanov S. A. , Chumakov R. V. , Pavlova K. A.
Published: December 2024

A hip fracture is a common injury in old age. It can be noted that the number of fractures is several times higher in women compared to men. Without surgical treatment, this pathology is highly likely to lead to complications and death of the patient within a year. High mortality rates in elderly people who have sustained a hip fracture can be attributed to various reasons. Due to prolonged forced bed rest in such patients, the risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular complications, thrombosis, bleeding and infection significantly increases. In modern clinical practice, all fractures of the femoral neck are the reason for surgical intervention, according to vital indications. The only exception is the general severe condition of the patient in case of disruption of the normal functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, multiple organ failure and oncological diseases in the stage of decompensation.

Purpose of a study: to demonstrate successful total arthroplasty of the left hip joint in elderly patient with posttraumatic avascular necrosis.

Data from the medical documentation of the trauma hospital, data from instrumental research and the results of dynamic observation were used to write the article. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment of Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin.

As a result of total hip arthroplasty, the function of the patient's limb was restored.

Conclusion. Total arthroplasty is an effective treatment method for patients with post-traumatic changes in the hip joint, allowing to restore the patient’s motor activity and prevent the development of hypostatic complications.
Building a Culture of Maintenance: Strategies for Addressing Office Machine Challenges in Polytechnics
Authors: Sani Mohammed Rilwanu
Published: December 2024

This research study was undertaken to investigate the various challenges faced by staff in maintaining office machines, which are critical to the smooth operation of modern workplaces. The study involved a thorough review of existing literature, encompassing both published and unpublished works, to examine the wide array of issues related to the maintenance of office equipment. To gather empirical data, a structured questionnaire comprising 15 items was developed to address three specific research questions. This questionnaire was administered to a sample of 35 staff members from selected polytechnics in the North Western Zone. The data collected from the responses were systematically analysed using the mean method, following a 5-point Likert-type rating scale. The findings were organised and presented in well-structured tables to facilitate understanding and interpretation. The analysis highlighted that one of the most effective measures staff can adopt to prevent breakdowns of office machines is to have a comprehensive understanding of contemporary office equipment and their maintenance needs. Furthermore, the results revealed that a significant contributing factor to the frequent breakdown of these machines is the lack of proactive organisational decisions and comprehensive maintenance policies. Additionally, a marked disinterest in identifying the root causes of equipment failures further exacerbates the challenges faced by staff. Based on these findings, this study recommends that organisations implement a series of conferences, workshops, and training sessions focused on maintenance best practices. Such initiatives would serve to enhance awareness among staff about effective strategies for prolonging the lifespan of office machines. Furthermore, by fostering a culture of proactive maintenance, organisations can significantly reduce their maintenance costs and improve operational efficiency.
Thermal Properties of Polyimide Film and Polyimide-Iron Composite Film
Authors: Etaher Elbakoush Fathi , M. Alkelani Aref
Published: December 2024

This study is on the thermogravimetric and the derivative weight loss of the Pi and Pi + Fe composite films. The weight loss resulted from the decomposition and burning. The peaks were observed and indicated the complete combustion of the Pi and Pi + Fe composite films. The prominent exothermic peak was observed at the Pi polyimide film at 550°C and the Pi + Fe composite film at 530°C, indicating the complete combustion of the films. The enhanced thermal stability of the polyimide synthesized with iron can be attributed to the inherent thermal stability of these materials and the robust chemical bonding interactions between the polyimide and iron.
Association of certain medical-social characteristics with advanced maternal age
Authors: Scutelnic Rodica
Published: December 2024

Over recent decades, there has been a significant change in population dynamics and perceptions of reproductive age. Improved educational and professional opportunities for women, together with social and cultural changes, medical progress and expanded access to effective contraception are factors that have contributed to delayed childbearing, with advanced maternal age being associated with poorer maternal and fetal outcomes. In a contemporary society, decisions regarding the timing of conception should be informed, with awareness and acceptance of the risks involved. The objective of this study is to evaluate the medical and social characteristics of pregnancies and childbirths in women of advanced maternal age and the association of these characteristics with age. A selective cross-sectional descriptive observational study (n=528) was conducted, examining the reciprocal relationship between medical-social variables associated with advanced reproductive age. Data were analyzed and summarized using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Chi-square), with significance established for the 95% confidence interval. Statistically significant differences were identified among several medical and social variables associated with advanced maternal age, such as preexisting chronic diseases, parity, and awareness on the risks related to advanced maternal age. The results of the study can serve as a foundation for future research aimed at identifying effective interventions to ensure risk management, prevent pregnancy and childbirth complications, and improve maternal-fetal outcomes in this category of women.
The role of the inflection elements in the Romanian librarian language
Authors: Caterev Cristina
Published: December 2024

This article explores the way inflection elements influence the Romanian librarian language. Inflection, as a linguistic phenomenon, plays an essential role in the structure and functioning of language, providing nuance and clarity in communication. In the bibliographic context, the correct use of inflection is essential for accuracy and efficiency in knowledge cataloguing, indexing, and organizing. The study examines the specific forms of inflection in the library terminology and their impact on the librarian practices. The analysis includes concrete examples of library terms and illustrates how inflection influences modern library processes.
Discontinuity as frustration. A current theme for an objective history of Romanian creative spirit
Authors: Sleahtitchi Mihail
Published: December 2024

Through the mediation of creativity, the human being acquires, exclusively, the signs of a factor that can primarily and fully produce the effect of “moving forward,” of evolving on an upward trajectory, of progress. As it has been demonstrated more than once, the progress of any society is closely linked to the creative, theoretical, or practical activity of its members. For this reason, it is natural for the activity under consideration to be regarded as the highest form of active and conscious participation in the endless and extremely interesting work of transforming the world. Focusing on the ideas concerning the essence and importance of creativity, this article highlights the level of Romanians' spirit of creativity, evaluated over the past years using two internationally recognized investigative tools: the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking/TTCT and the Barron Welsh Art Scale/BWAS (a level at which Romanians have shown that they possess relevant indicators, indicators that have been proven to be comparable or very similar to those possessed by American citizens) and, at the same time, seeks to explain why Romanians, with a level of potential creativity comparable to that of American citizens, both in children and adults, have not yet won any Nobel Prizes, Fields Medals, or have excelled in any international innovation indicators (with particular reference to the International Innovation Index/III, the Global Innovation Index/GII, and the European Innovation Scoreboard/EIS).
The concept in dialectical motion: a philosophical approach to learning
Authors: Ursu Cristina
Published: December 2024

Evaluating a problem generally involves contrasting at least two possible solutions. One of the techniques used for this purpose is the "value line" from critical thinking, which highlights oppositions and gives each a place in relation to the solution. In contrast, reducing solutions to only two options, as in the case of logical fallacies like the "false alternative" or "black-and-white", neglects the potential for synthesis. These two contrasting options will serve, in this article, as the "thesis" and "antithesis", which oppose each other at the point of misunderstanding.” In fact, the negation of the thesis represents the return to itself, the becoming in the dialectical movement of moving forward. This walk assimilates the antithesis and synthesizes the positions in an original concept. The authentic new emerges, in an unforeseen way, from the fact of experience as such. The reflection stage in the experiential learning cycle arranges concepts into a spiral of understanding. The process of forming the new concept involves multiple phases of construction and deconstruction, leading to a deeper understanding of life’s march towards Truth. Truth and knowledge develop in a continuous dialectical process, in which oppositions flatten out and produce a revelation. By exploring this Hegelian dialectical movement, in the creative educational workshops, pupils and students can learn the fact of interpreting the world from a philosophical perspective. This can facilitate the transformation of a conflict of ideas into an opening towards authentic knowledge. In this way, students not only receive and interpret the world but also actively contribute to its redefinition and enrichment.
Pharmacological effect of Berotek and the leading mechanisms of Lung Pathology in miners Central Kazakhstan
Authors: B. Chergizova , N. Kharisova , X. Mkhitaryan , G. Ryspayeva , M. Akhmetova , L. Smirnova , I. Ishigov , U. Tatykayeva , G. Tastanova , R. Zhumabekova
Published: December 2024

In modern production conditions, industrial aerosols are still among the most common harmful occupational factors that determine the increased risk of developing occupational respiratory diseases among workers at industrial enterprises. The dust respiratory diseases are significantly common among workers in the mining and coal industries of Kazakhstan. In recent years, there has been a clear increase in the incidence of chronic dust bronchitis. The particular attention should be paid to such types of metal dust as dust of beryllium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt and their compounds, under the influence of which not only peculiar damage to the lungs are observed, but also pronounced changes in other organs and systems. Dust of these metals, according to numerous authors, has a general toxic and toxic-allergic effect. An urgent problem of modern occupational medicine is the study of the role of exogenous and endogenous factors in the development of occupational pathology of the bronchopulmonary system. To identify groups at increased risk of developing dust pathology of the bronchopulmonary system, it is necessary to comprehensively study clinical and genetic factors, as well as determine the most significant diagnostic markers for the development of this pathology. An important advantage of inhaled anticholinergic drugs is the minimal frequency and severity of adverse events.The broncholytic effect is expressed in the form of inhibition of phosphodiesterase isoforms with a further increase in intracellular cAMP content and relaxation of smooth muscles of the respiratory tract. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of bronchodilators have also been established.
Wound-healing Cotton Dressings containing Greenly Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Ficus binnendijkii Hydroethanolic leaves extract
Authors: El-Rafie Hanaa M. , R. Maghraby Hagar , A. Sleem Amany , S. Abdelfattah Mohamed
Published: December 2024

The vast field of nanotechnology is significantly impacting both the global economy and human lives. Recently, metal nanoparticles have garnered attention as a potentially effective wound healing treatment, and the utilization of plant extracts for the biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable approach. The lack of scientific data to back up the claims made in ancient literature with binnendijkii species prompted the goals of this study. This motivates us to present a green method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing hydroethanolic leaf extract from Ficus binnendijkii (FE) at different pHs and durations. The as-synthesized AgNPs and FE were applied separately to cotton fabrics, with or without 1% citric acid (CA) (as a bio-binder), under both normal and washing conditions to produce dressings that enhance wound healing. Quantitative analyses were performed to assess the total amounts of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids found in the FE, as well as HPLC to identify and quantify the phenolic compounds. All these phytochemicals play key roles in the assembly of AgNPs and wound healing. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD). Male albino rats were used in in vivo studies to investigate whether the AgNPs-containing dressing improved wound healing. The experimental results demonstrated the following findings: (i) The AgNPs exhibited a spherical shape, with sizes ranging from 3 to 15 nm and an average diameter of 6.40±2.87 nm. (ii) The most favorable conditions for the synthesis of AgNPs were determined to be a pH of 11 and an incubation time of 30 minutes. (iii) Cotton dressings loaded with a formulation containing AgNPs and 1% binder exhibited remarkable wound healing activity. Consequently, the utilization of this approach proves advantageous in terms of promoting effective wound healing.
Innovation Way to Digitize Objective Structured Clinical Exams Evaluation using Electronic Software: Faculty of Pharmacy Experience
Authors: Diri Reem
Published: December 2024

The traditional paper-based Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has been the mainstay in the assessment of the clinical competency of students in health sciences programs. The process, though, seems tedious and time-consuming. Hence, there is an increasing call for electronic OSCE. How the examiners perceived the usage and assessment process of the electronic OSCE needs to be clarified. The study aimed to evaluate the use of the electronic system in assessing students’ clinical skill competence and the evaluators’ perceptions of electronic OSCE. This study was an online-based cross-sectional survey among examiners in a pharmacy school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Through online workshops, the 4th and final-year students and their examiners were trained on using electronic OSCE. Several stations and circuits were systematically arranged for the examination. The students were examined one after another. At the end of the examination, a Google form questionnaire containing 22 items was administered to all the examiners to assess their perceptions towards electronic OSCE. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research involved 23(100%) examiners who agreed that the workshop session prepared them for adopting an electronic system for evaluating clinical skills. Most assessors found electronic OSCE easy to access (56.5%) and use, and 73.9% of participants believed it was easier than paper-based assessments. About 69.6% of examiners had positive perceptions about the use and assessment process of electronic OSCE. This study highlights the effectiveness of electronic OSCE systems in assessing pharmacy students' clinical skill proficiency, with high satisfaction levels and favorable opinions from examiners.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Alpinia officinale extracts against Oral Microorganism - An In-vitro Study
Authors: Chandrasekaran Priyanga , Kengadaran Shivashankar
Published: December 2024

Aim: To assess the antimicrobial activity of Alpinia officinale extract against S. mutans, lactobacillus, and C. albicans. Methodology: The rhizome of Alpinia officinale were identified, collected, washed, shade dried, and then ground to prepare a fine powder. 50gm of the prepared powder was dissolved in 250ml of the following solvents ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol at 40-50℃ for 6h. The bacterial and fungal isolates of S. mutans, Lactobacillus and C. albicans were collected and prepared. Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of extracts against S. mutans, lactobacillus and C. albicans were determined by the Disc diffusion method. Microdilution of extracts were prepared with 2X stock concentration to obtain 100 to 1.5 microgram per ml of nutrient broth to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Results: The most effective extract was ethanol extract followed by ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. There was substantial activity by methanol and ethyl acetate extracts. The MICs of different concentrations of ethanol extracts were found to be 1.5,3.1 and 12.5 µg/mL for S.mutans, L.acidophilus, and C.albicans respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that A. officinale has potential antimicrobial activities for cariogenic microorganisms.
Antioxidant profile of Ethyl Acetate extract from Garcinia mangostana L. stem barks and its Fractions: Investigation using DPPH inhibition assay
Authors: Mursal Mursal , Saidi Nurdin , Yahya Mustanir , Murniana Murniana , Ginting Binawati
Published: December 2024

Exogenous antioxidants are required to attenuate the increased oxidative stress level which is responsible for the development of various diseases. Owing to this crucial role of antioxidants, chemists have explored plant-based antioxidant sources. This research aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of Garcinia mangostana stem barks in-vitro. Herein, we extracted the stem barks of G. magostana L. using ethyl acetate solvent and subsequently performed the fractionation using column chromatography with a gradient elution system. We found that the extract was rich in flavonoids and other antioxidant-related compounds. Some samples from fractionation had higher antioxidant activity as compared with the whole extract (median inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 11.20 - 13.42 mg/L versus 16.81mg/L). Thin-layer chromatogram of the fractions revealed their richness in flavonoids and tannins. We conclude that G. magostana L. stem bark is a good source of antioxidants.
Potential Drug-drug Interactions in COVID-19 patients treated with Azithromycin
Authors: Ekowati Heny , Aditya Muninggar Nur Intan , Endah Endriastuti Nialiana , Nasiatul Baroroh Hanif
Published: December 2024

The SARS-COV-2 virus is the cause of COVID-19, a disease that has spread to many countries. The COVID-19 Management Guidelines in Indonesia include azithromycin as one of the antibiotics used to treat COVID-19. Antibiotics are needed in patients with possible co-infection. This study aimed to determine the potential drug interaction of azithromycin with other therapy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients at the Banyumas Regional General Hospital. The study was descriptive observational research. The data was collected retrospectively based on medical records of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at the Banyumas Regional General Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021. The Lexi-Interact™ and Drugbank online is used to identify potential drug interactions. A total of 221 patients were included, with 122 patients (55.21%) being women. The number of patients experiencing potential-drug interactions was 199 patients (90%), with a number of potential drug interactions were 289 cases. The most potential drug interaction was azithromycin with omeprazole (85 cases - 29.41%). Most cases were moderate severity with pharmacokinetic interaction. This study concluded that the administration of azithromycin with other drugs for COVID-19 patients at the Banyumas Hospital has the potential for interactions that could be prevented by monitoring related side effects.
Comparing the binding energies and inhibition constant of Sunitinib malate-metal complex on Tyrosine kinase receptor by Computational Molecular Docking
Authors: Raj S Brito , K Lakshmi , R Meenakshi , Reddy K Bhaskar , R Karthikeyan , B Vijayakumar
Published: December 2024

Sunitinib malate is an oral multikinase inhibitor used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and other cancers, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Protein-ligand docking studies are widely used to predict the binding affinity of ligands. The binding of bivalent metals is expected to enhance the ligand's binding affinity to the protein. CB-Dock software is one of the commercial tools available for protein-ligand docking. The main objective of this study is to estimate the binding affinity of the Sunitinib malate drug to the tyrosine kinase protein. Additionally, the study aims to determine if the binding affinity increases when Sunitinib malate is complexed with different bivalent metals (Cu, Fe, Zn). Docking studies were conducted between Sunitinib malate and the tyrosine kinase receptor using CB-Dock software. The binding affinities of Sunitinib malate and its complexes with copper, iron, and zinc were evaluated. The binding affinity of Sunitinib malate alone to tyrosine kinase was found to be -7.1. When complexed with copper, the binding affinity improved to -7.5. However, the binding affinities for the Sunitinib-iron and Sunitinib-zinc complexes were -6.9 and -6.8, respectively. From the data, it can be concluded that the Sunitinib malate-copper complex demonstrates a higher binding affinity (-7.5) compared to Sunitinib malate alone (-7.1) and its complexes with iron (-6.9) and zinc (-6.8). Therefore, the Sunitinib-copper complex can be optimized for formulations to enhance its binding affinity and drug-targeting efficiency.
In-vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic activity of Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.
Authors: Pal Mrinalini , Kumar Nagpoore Nem , Agrahari Sushil , Singh Bhramanand , Narayan Pandey Vashist
Published: December 2024

The present study was to investigate antioxidant and anti diabetic activities of Canavalia gladiata. The plant extract from different parts of C. gladiata was investigated for its TPC and TFC content. the seed showed highest TPC content 77.015±0.21μg GAE/mg extract and leaf showed highest TFC content 150.350±0.22μg Rutin E/mg dry extract. Antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH and ABTS methods based on IC50 value, the seed showed highest DPPH and ABTS value 275.125±0.58μg/ml and 7.848±0.17μg/ml respectively. The anti diabetic activity was investigated by α- amylase and α- glucosidase the result showed highest activity by stem i.e. 838.057±1.00μg/ml and 659.638±0.89μg/ml respectively. Result revealed the positive effect of plant extract for anti diabetic activity which could be potentially used for development of herbal medicine or food supplement i.e. nutraceutical in near future.
Comparative Study for The Precision and Possible Interference of Some Drugs with Glucometer Measurements Commonly Used In Iraq
Authors: I.Alkhalifa Ihab , M.Mohammed Shaimaa , M.Hameed Teba , F. Alawami Mohammed , Mohammed Osama , Alaa Hussein , Khalid Muhammed , Faraj Athraa , Theeyzen Sabaa
Published: December 2024

Glucose control is very imperative in diabetic patients, and the prevalence of diabetes has been increasing in various countries over the past few years. Insulin and oral hypoglycaemic drug dosing are based on measurements performed with glucose meters. Therefore, meter precision can have a major impact on insulin dosing accuracy. Inaccurate blood glucose other hypertensive and anti-inflammatory drugs. The purpose of the current study done by some students in the Pharmacy Department at Al-Rasheed University College in Baghdad, Iraq, from October through December 2022 is to compare the accuracy of three glucose meters (Accu-Check, VivaChek, and Prodigy) widely distributed and marketed as portable glucometers used by Iraqi diabetic patients in two separate studies, one for glucometer precision and the other as a comparative study for possible blood glucose measurement interferences with Acetaminophen and Ascorbic Acid. The devices used had different mechanism of the test strip. The study results indicated significant blood glucose–acetaminophen interference differences. However, there was no marked interference with ascorbic acid, and relatively consistent readings for the precision test over three days among the three tested glucometers
In vitro and In vivo Comparative Evaluation of Fruit Extracts from Embelia tsjeriam-cottam and Embelia ribes on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats
Authors: T. Jagtap Kartikey , R. Mulik Anuradha , S. Pawar Sushama , D. Jagtap Suresh
Published: December 2024

The Ayurvedic pharmacopeia recognizes Vidanga (Embelia ribes Burf. f.) and identifies similarities, particularly in the active compound Embelin, morphological characteristics, and biochemical potential, with Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Roem. & Schult.) A. DC. Given the side effects associated with modern treatments for gastric ulcers, this study explores the potential of Embelia species as an anti-ulcerogenic agent. Fruit extracts of Embelia ribes (Er) and Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Et) were orally administered to rats for a fourteen-day period after ulcer induction. Stomach mucosal lesions were examined both macroscopically and histopathologically. The study also evaluated the extract’s efficacy in terms of oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes. The results confirm the anti-ulcerogenic potential of Embelia ribes, followed by Embelia tsjeriam-cottam fruit extracts, as evidenced by a reduction in ulcerated and hemorrhagic lesions. Additionally, both extracts exhibited in-vitro α-chymotrypsin inhibitory activity. Notably, there were non-significant changes observed in parameters such as Percent Body Weight Gain (BWG), daily food consumption, water ingestion, and various biochemical parameters. In rats subjected to ethanol-induced ulcers, treatment with omeprazole or Er and Et fruit extracts substantially reduced the Ulcer Index (UI) and modulated Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) enzyme levels. However, non-significant changes were observed in Catalase (CAT) activity across all groups. Importantly, ulcer treatment resulted in a substantial reduction in both stomach mucosal Gastric Mucosal Glutathione (GPx) and Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme Activity (SOD). This study highlights the significant ulcer-healing efficacy of Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Et) and Embelia ribes (Er) suggesting its potential for use in various herbal preparations, with the need for further validation studies.