bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Becoming Sensible: Thoughts on Rafe McGregor’s Narrative Justice
Authors: Jovanović Iris Vidmar
Published: October 2020

I agree with Rafe McGregor’s overall intuition regarding the ethical dimension of narratives, and I wholeheartedly applaud his endeavors to support the humanities via his particular methodology. However, there are several issues where we disagree, and I develop these in my commentary. Primarily, I challenge the epistemic framework underlying his theory, his account on the phenomenology of literary engagements, and, what I see as the most problematic aspect of his theory, the openness to the possibility of moral corruption via art. I end by raising some considerations regarding the practical implementation of his theory into our culture.
Earthquake isolation technology for industrial facilities
Authors: Fujita T.
Published: October 2020

In Japan earthquake isolation technology has become increasingly necessary with the growing dominance of so-called "high technology" industries and is now being used to provide effective aseismic protection for precision equipment which is of major importance in such countries. The present applications are for computer systems and semiconductor manufacturing equipment. For computers, particularly those of banks, earthquake isolation of the floors is widely used. For semiconductor manufacturing equipment, earthquake isolation has begun to be used for the components; the isolation of the floors will follow. For both applications, earthquake isolation has not yet been used for entire buildings, but is expected in the near future. Promising applications for the future include bio-technology facilities, highly automated factories and nuclear plants, especially fast breeder reactor power stations.
The Opportunities for Bilateral Cooperation between China and Uzbekistan in the Lens of “Belt and Road” Initiative
Authors: Kholiskhon Komolitdinova , JianPing Lv
Published: October 2020

The Belt and Road Initiative, formerly known as One Belt One Road or OBOR for short, is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013 to invest in nearly 70 countries and international organizations. This initiative aims to achieve the “Chinese Dream”- globalization. The economic status of China is widely flourishing since the introduction of the One Belt One Road initiative among Central Asian-African Countries, particularly in Uzbekistan. Orientation for the five priorities of the initiative is policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, free trade, financial integration, and soft power bonds. This research demonstrates case reports of bilateral cooperation between China and Uzbekistan, mapping political, financial, economic, and cultural interactions to each of these cooperation priorities. The researchers explored references from scientific peer review articles, e-books, annual and monthly conference reports, available books, and scientific databases and documented valuable data. The researcher evaluated each cooperative agreement and determined the mutual interest and future opportunities for bilateral cooperation between target countries. Base on the findings, it is recommended that China’s political and economic interactions in Uzbekistan need further investigation in the nearest future.
A NOTE OF PACHPATTE ON HARDY LIKE INTEGRAL INEQUAILITIES
Authors: HWANG DAY-YAN
Published: October 2020

In [4], B. G. Pachpatte establish two new integral inequalities of the Hardy type with constant M = max{:1: 1 , aPV. ). The aim of the present note is to generalize his inequalities and the constant is better than M.
HOLONOMIC FILTERED MODULES IN THE CATEGORY OF MICRO-STRUCTURE SHEAVES
Authors: RADWAN ABD EL AZIZ A. , HUSSEIN SALAH EL DIN S.
Published: October 2020

Since the late sixties, Various Auslander regularity conditions have been widely investigated in both commutative and non-commutative cases, [6]. J. E. Bjork studied the Auslander regularity on graded rings and positively filtered Noetherian Noetherian rings, [7]. In [7] the notion of a holonomic module over positively filtered rings has been introduced. Recently, Huishi, in his Ph. D. Thesis [12], investigate Auslander regularity condition and holonomity of graded and filtered modules over Zariski filtered rings.

In this work, using the micro-structure sheaf techniques we characterize a generalized Holonomic sheaf theory. We introduce a general study of Auslander regularity on the micro-structure sheaves. We calculate the global dimension of modules over the micro- structure sheaves O . The main results are contained in Theorem (2.4), Theorem (3.6) and Theorem (3.7).
Design and implementation of an information system to study the repeatability of the orientation in space for medical applications
Authors: Cebula Magdalena , Murawski Piotr
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study was to study the repeatability of the object’s orientation in space. During the study, a self-constructed system of 4 gyroscope and an available robot of the Kuka type were used. An application allowing for comparison of research results was written and presented. The article contains individual stages of work (analytical and implementation), research results, conclusions and discussion.
An Early Cretaceous theropod dinosaur from Brazil sheds light on the cranial evolution of the Abelisauridae
Authors: ZAHER Hussam , POL Diego , NAVARRO Bruno A. , DELCOURT Rafael , CARVALHO Alberto B.
Published: October 2020

Abelisaurid theropods dominated the predator role across Gondwana during the Late Cretaceous. They are characterized by highly reduced forelimbs and one of the most specialized cranial morphologies among carnivorous dinosaurs, exemplified by a broad skull, short rostrum, high occipital region, and highly kinetic intramandibular joint, suggestive of a specialized feeding strategy. Late Cretaceous abelisaurids are known from some remarkably complete taxa with well-preserved skulls. However, little is known about the pattern of character transformation that led to their highly modified condition because there are no well-preserved abelisaurids before the Late Cretaceous. Here we report a basal abelisaurid from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil that preserves a complete skull and reveals an early stage in the cranial evolution of the group. It lacks the specialized temporal and mandibular features characteristic of derived abelisaurids, including the kinetic intramandibular joint and knob-like dorsal projection of the parietals.
Устойчивость составных микрополярных цилиндров с предварительно напряженными частями, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Шейдаков Д.Н. , Михайлова И.Б. , Шейдаков Н.Е.
Published: October 2020

Проблема устойчивости равновесия деформируемых тел представляет значительный интерес как с теоретической, так и с прикладной точки зрения. Вследствие развития современных технологий и появления новых материалов актуальность приобретает вопрос анализа устойчивости составных нелинейно-упругих тел со сложной микроструктурой и внутренними напряжениями. В настоящей работе в рамках общей теории устойчивости трехмерных тел исследованы проблемы бифуркации равновесия сжатого (растянутого) полого многослойного цилиндра при внутреннем и внешнем гидростатическом давлении, а также сплошного многослойного цилиндра при осевом растяжении-сжатии и внешнем давлении. При этом предполагалось, что их слои могут быть предварительно деформированы и могут содержать начальные напряжения. Для описания поведения рассмотренных цилиндров применялась модель микрополярной среды (континуум Коссера). Такой подход позволил учесть влияние микроструктуры на потерю устойчивости. С использованием представлений определяющих соотношений относительно разных отсчетных конфигураций в случае модели физически-линейного микро-полярного материала получены линеаризованные уравнения равновесия, описывающие поведение составных цилиндров с предварительно напряженными частями в возмущенном состоянии. С помощью специальной подстановки исследование устойчивости полого и сплошного TV-слойных микрополярных цилиндров сведено к решению линейных однородных краевых задач для системы 67V обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений. При заданных упругих параметрах материала слоев, их геометрии и начальных деформациях данные краевые задачи могут быть достаточно легко решены численно с использованием конечно-разностного метода.
Структура и динамика решетки гетероэпитаксиальных тонких пленок мулыиферроика BiFe0, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Стрюков Д.В. , Анохин А.С. , Павленко А.В.
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты исследования структуры и динамики решетки тонких пленок мультиферрока BiFcO,. Тонкие пленки BiFcO, были напылены на монокристаллические подложки MgO(OOl) одностадийным методом высокочастотного катодного распыления керамической мишени стехиометрического состава BiFcO, в атмосфере кислорода. Пленки были исследованы методами спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света (КРС) и дифракции рентгеновских лучей при комнатной температуре. Спектры КРС были получены как в геометрии нормального обратного рассеяния, так и в геометрии обратного рассеяния от торца пленки (side-view backscattering), когда волновые векторы падающего и рассеянного света параллельны оси Y. а поляризация падающего/рассеянного света параллельна оси А либо оси Z. В спектрах КРС пленки выделялись основные линии с частотами 73, 136, 167, 222, 338, 478, 530, 613 см, а также наблюдались небольшие изменения значений данных частот спектральных линий для исследуемой пленки BFO по сравнению с таковыми для объемных монокристаллов, что связано с искажением кристаллической структуры пленки BFO/(001)MgO и отличием ее симметрии от ромбоэдрической. Пленки имеют высокое кристаллическое совершенство и малую дефектность структуры, что проявилось в узких линиях на 0-20- и ф-сканировании. Разориентировки кристаллографических осей пленки и подложки были незначительны и не превышали 0,7°. Установлено, что элементарная ячейка феррита висмута в гетероструктуре BiFcO,/MgO(001) имеет моноклинную симметрию. При этом в пленке присутствует лишь незначительная деформация элементарной ячейки.
Возрастная структура Ophrys oestrifera (Orchidaceae) на особо охраняемой природной территории «Мыс Мартьян», "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Крайнюк Е.С.
Published: October 2020

На особо охраняемой природной территории «Мыс Мартьян» зарегистрировано 45 редких видов растений, в том числе 13 видов орхидных, охраняемых Красными книгами Российской Федерации, Республики Крым, города Севастополь и международными конвенциями. Мониторинг редких видов был начат в 1973 г. с момента придания территории на мысе Мартьян статуса государственного природного заповедника. В статье приведены результаты изучения многолетней динамики возрастной структуры (2002-2019 гг.) и численности (1997-2020 гг.) Ophrys oestrifera. Всего на изученной территории выявлено девять локальных ценопопуляций с общей численностью от 35 до 86 особей в разные годы наблюдений, из которых постоянными являются только четыре, занимающие небольшие по площади участки (1-5 м) с очень низкой численностью особей (от 3 до 41). Они сохраняют место своей локализации в сообществах в течение всего периода наблюдений, начиная с 1973 г., пространственно изолированы друг от друга, и обмен семязачатками между ними не происходит. Распределение особей в ценопопуляциях неравномерное, контагиозное (пятнистое). Ценопопуляции относятся к нормальным, неполночленным, средневозрастным с бимодальными возрастными спектрами. По классификации «дельта - омега» ценопопуляции оценены как зрелые или стареющие. Сенильные ценопопуляции не выявлены. Необходимыми мерами охраны вида является сохранение его экотопов, учет мест произрастания, мониторинг ценопопуляций. Представленные материалы расширяют представление о редких видах орхидных особо охраняемой природной территории «Мыс Мартьян» как анклава субсредиземноморской растительности на Южном берегу Крыма.
Состояние желетелого макрозоопланкгона Азовского моря в 2018-2019 гг, "Наука Юга России"
Authors: Саяпин В.В.
Published: October 2020

Приведены данные о состоянии азовоморских псевдопопуляций гребневиков-вселен-цсв Mnemiopsis leidvi A. Agassiz, 1865 и Beroe ovata Bruguiere, 1789 в 2018 и 2019 гг. Показаны особенности в характере распределения биомассы этих видов в указанный период. Отмечено смещение на более ранний срок захода М. leidvi и В. ovata в Азовское море по сравнению с литературными данными. Высказано предположение о его связи с повышением среднегодовых температур воды в северо-восточной части Черного моря.
ВОЗ О БОРЬБЕ С ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ В ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ. ОПЕРАЦИОННЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ОБЛАСТИ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА По материалам Всемирной организации здравоохранения, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Вуйнович Мелита
Published: October 2020

Туберкулез остается одной из ведущих причин смертности от инфекционных заболеваний в мире, ежегодно уносящей 1,5 миллиона жизней. Каждый день около 30 000 человек заболевают болезнью, которую можно предотвратить. Эффективное ведение и лечение лекарственно-устойчивых форм остается одной из важных мер в борьбе с туберкулезом сегодня. Именно поэтому команда Европейского регионального бюро ВОЗ при поддержке Представительства ВОЗ в Российской Федерации подготовила и представила Вашему вниманию материал, освещающий самые последние научно-обоснованные стратегические рекомендации ВОЗ по лечению и уходу за пациентами с лекарственноустойчивым туберкулезом.
МОРФОЛОГИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ ЗАЖИВЛЕНИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННО-УСТОЙЧИВОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА ЛЕГКИХ ПОСЛЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В ПРЕДОПЕРАЦИОННОЙ ПОДГОТОВКЕ БОЛЬНЫХ ВНУТРИВЕННОГО ЛАЗЕРНОГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ КРОВИ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Лепеха Лариса Николаевна , Алиев Вилаят Камалович , Красникова Елена Вадимовна , Багиров Мамед Адилович
Published: October 2020

Актуальность исследования связана с необходимостью научно-практического обоснования более широкого применения внутривенного лазерного облучения крови (ВЛОК) в предоперационной подготовке больных с лекарственноустойчивым фиброзно-кавернозным туберкулезом (ФКТ) легких. Цель исследования: выявление и морфологическая характеристика процессов заживления в операционном материале больных ФКТ легких, получавших в предоперационной подготовке курс ВЛОК. Материалы и методы. Проведено сравнительное морфологическое исследование операционного материала 22 больных с лекарственно-устойчивым ФКТ, получавших во время предоперационной подготовки 14 сеансов, по 8 минут каждый, ВЛОК арсенид-галлиевым лазером «УЗОР-3К», и 24 аналогичных больных, но без эндоваскулярного воздействия (группа сравнения). Результаты. Действие ВЛОК направлено на активацию ангиогенеза, приток лимфоцитов и макрофагов в перифокальную зону воспаления. Это способствует инволюции и инкапсуляции мелких и более крупных очагов казеоза, фиброзированию и гиалинизации лимфогематогенных и бронхогенных очагов отсева, чего не наблюдалось в группе сравнения.
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ОБСТРУКТИВНАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ЛЕГКИХ: ОТ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЙ К РЕАЛЬНОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Визель Ирина Юрьевна , Салахова Ирина Николаевна , Шмелев Евгений Иванович , Визель Александр Андреевич , Вафина Аделя Рустемовна , Шакирова Гульназ Ринатовна , Дьякова Екатерина Валерьевна
Published: October 2020

ХОБЛ - хроническое необратимое заболевание, лечение которого направлено на замедление снижения функции дыхания и сохранение качества жизни. Фенотипы ХОБЛ многообразны, а подходы к лечению быстро совершенствуются, что требует отслеживания ситуации в практическом здравоохранении. Цель работы: оценка клинического, лабораторного и функционального состояния больных ХОБЛ с различной частотой обострений и при назначении разных вариантов терапии. Материал и методы: 330 больных ХОБЛ (327 мужчин и 3 женщины) в возрасте 64,2 ± 0,47 (от 40 до 89) лет, медиана возраста 64 года, которые были обследованы клинически, заполнили вопросники, им была проведена спирометрия, оценены назначенное лечение и приверженность к нему. Хранение и обработка данных проводились в программе SPSS-18 в среде Windows 10. Результаты: 61,1% больных были отнесены к GOLD III-IV (GOLD 2007), а 78,2% - к типу больных D (GOLD 2017). Фенотип «частые обострения» имел достоверную сопряженность со снижением ОФВ1 и высокими значениями баллов mMRC и CAT. Доля больных ХОБЛ с > 2 обострениями в течение года и эозинофилией > 300 · 109/л составила 9,9%. Бронхолитики короткого действия получали 86,4% больных, в том числе как монотерапию - 25,5%. Комбинации ИГКС/ДДБА получали 54,2% пациентов, двойные комбинации бронхолитиков длительного действия - 20,9% и тройные комбинации - 15,2%. Ингаляционные глюкокортикостероиды были назначены больным ХОБЛ со всеми ключевыми неблагоприятными признаками - частыми обострениями, высокими баллами в вопросниках, низкими значениями ОФВ, и эозинофилией > 300 · 109/л. Назначение системных глюкокортикостероидов было сопряжено только со снижением ОФВ1 и высокими баллами по данным заполненных вопросников. Высокая приверженность к терапии чаще встречалась среди больных с более выраженными симптомами ХОБЛ. Заключение. В Республике Татарстан под наблюдением пульмонологов находятся больные с выраженными спирометрическими нарушениями, частыми обострениями и выраженными симптомами. В структуре назначений больным ХОБЛ в Татарстане ведущими были бронхолитики короткого действия и комбинации ИГКС/ДДБА, а приверженность к терапии была выше у больных с более тяжелым течением ХОБЛ.
Economics of Indian Bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] Production Influenced by Application of Novel Organic Liquid Nutrient and Novel Plus Organic Liquid Nutrient
Authors: Champaneri D. D. , Patel N. K. , Desai C. S. , Tandel B. M.
Published: October 2020

Indian bean is an imperious vegetable crop of India as it works as source of nutritional food along with handful amount of money to grower in its seasonal tenure. Organic farming is crucial need of recent era in order to provide healthy food without adversely affecting the ecosystem. Considering above given facts, present experiment was taken with objective to find out effects of Novel organic liquid nutrient and Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient application on economics of Indian bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] production. The experiment was portrayed under Randomized Block Designed with three replications and seven treatments i.e. No spray (T1), 0.5% Novel organic liquid nutrient (T2), 1.0% Novel organic liquid nutrient (T3), 1.5% Novel organic liquid nutrient (T4), 0.5% Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient (T5), 1.0% Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient (T6) and 1.5% Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient (T7) at Navsari Agricultural University, Gujarat, India on Indian bean variety Gujarat Navsari Indian Bean 22 (GNIB 22). Higher net income (Rs. 1,05,178 per ha) and BCR (1.21) were found under the treatment T5 (0.5% Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient). Thus, application of 0.5% Novel Plus organic liquid nutrient increases the yield and BCR of Indian bean production without adversely affecting the ecosystem as it is an organic input.
Challenges Junior High School Pupils Face in the Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Tools for Learning in Ghana
Authors: Banji George Tesilimi , Okyere Stephen , Kornu Bridget , Migbordzi Philip
Published: October 2020

Aims: This paper seeks to explore the challenges Junior High School pupils in the South Tongu District in the Volta Region of Ghana face in the use of Information and Communication Technology tools for learning. The rationale was to identify the challenges these pupils face in the use of ICT tools for learning and the possible means to overcome these challenges in the school.

Research Design: To achieve the purpose of this studya descriptive research design was used.

Place and Duration of Study: Agorkpo D.A. J.H.S in the South Tongu District of Ghana was used for this study for over six months.

Methodology: The study adopted the quantitative approach, employed descriptive research design and used questionnaire to collect data from 60 students. The entire questionnaires were retrieved and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 in combination with the Microsoft excel were used to analyse the data. Simple frequency tables were also used to present the data.

Results: The research revealed that the commonest challenges of using ICT tools for learning were lack of opportunity provided by teachers for students to use the tools on their own, inadequate ICT tools and difficulty teaching ICT practical lessons without demonstration.

Conclusion: Measures identified to improve the use of ICT tools in the school include the call on government to provide the required ICT tools to the school. Secondly, in order to achieve meaningful academic improvement in the school, teachers must spend more time to teach the ICT subject and create the enthusiasm in the students. Thirdly, supervision of ICT teachers should be taken seriously to ensure that they meet time-table requirements for ICT in the school. Also, requisite ICT tools should be used by the teachers to demonstrate the processes and application of ICT in everyday life. This way, pupils would easily understand the concept and be able to apply it practically and independently. Finally, the study recommended that an ICT laboratory be built for the school to house the ICT department and provide an atmosphere that can motivate the teachers and learners to show more interest in the subject.
Intestinal Parasites and Salmonella typhi Infection among Food-handlers in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Amudatu Adedokun, Ambali , Orevaoghene Onosakponome Evelyn , Abah Austin E.
Published: October 2020

Background: Intestinal parasites and Salmonella infections are of main public health concerns in Nigeria and the world, especially in developing countries where access to safe water and hygienic food handling practices by food handlers is a challenge. Consequently, food-handlers play a major role in the transmission of these types of foodborne diseases.

Objective: This study was to determine the preponderance of intestinal parasites and Salmonella typhi among food-handlers in selected areas in Port Harcourt.

Materials and Methods: A total of 480 food-handlers (195 males and 285 females) of various educational levels were sampled. Stool samples were collected and analyses were carried out using direct smear examination and formol-ether concentration technique - adopted for investigation of intestinal parasites and deoxycholate citrate agar and Salmonella-Shigella agar for the cultivation of Salmonella typhi.

Results: Of 480 food-handlers examined, comprises of 195(40.6%) males and 285(59.4%) females, - majority (85.4%) were young adults aged 20-40 years. 47.9% of them - had education above secondary educational level. The preponderance of intestinal parasites was 48(10.0%) and implicated were Ascaris lumbricoides (41.7%), hookworm (33.3%) and Trichuris trichiura (25.0%). No intestinal protozoa were identified. Prevalence of 30(6.3%) was recorded for Salmonella typhi.

Conclusion: Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and S.typhi infection is relatively low among food handlers in Port Harcourt, but indicates the important role food handlers play in the transmission of the infection. Therefore, awareness should be step-up for the food handlers to avoid escalation of these infections.
Synhibin: A new calcium‐dependent membrane‐binding protein that inhibits synexin‐induced chromaffin granule aggregation and fusion
Authors: Pollard Harvey B. , Scott Janet H.
Published: July 2002

We report the isolation and purification of synhibin, a new M
r 68000 protein, which inhibits synexin. Synexin mediates Ca2+‐dependent chromaffin granule aggregation and fusion, processes perhaps important during exocytosis. Our data indicate that synhibin action involves competition with synexin for a site on the chromaffin granule membrane involved in membrane contact. Synhibin may thus be an important intracellular regulator of synexin action during secretion.
Application of red‐edge effect on the mobility of membrane lipid polar head groups
Authors: Raudino Antonio , Guerrera Franco , Asero Antonio , Rizza Victor
Published: July 2002

The dynamic properties of membrane lipid polar head groups have been studied using the spectroscopic phenomenon known as the red‐edge effect (REE). Ree was measured in liposomes prepared with different composition of phospholipids and doped with a merocyanine dye. There was a gradual loss of REE with phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes as the temperature increased from 4–25°C. Addition of 10−4 M Ca2+ increased the REE at all temperatures measured. Liposomes prepared with phosphatidyl serine (PS) or GM1 gangliosides showed a slight REE only at low temperatures (0–4°C). Cholesterol, Na+, K+ or variations of pH had no influence on the REE. The data obtained indicate that increased molecular freedom or fluidity of lipid polar head groups can be correlated to a decrease in REE.
Three catalytic sites in mitochondrial ATPase
Authors: Cerdán E. , Campo M.L. , López-Moratalla N. , Santiago E.
Published: July 2002

Kinetic data obtained after determining the hydrolytic activity of ATPase from rat liver in preparations where the enzyme had been purified, or in mitochondria, strongly suggest the existence of three different catalytic sites with different affinity for the substrate. The results obtained when measuring the ATPase activity at different substrate concentrations, and in the presence of the inhibitors KOCN or KSCN, or of the activators dinitrophenol and bicarbonate, show that the binding of these compounds to a regulatory site or sites affects in a different degree the hydrolytic activity of each catalytic site.
Common evolutionary origin of the fibrin‐binding structures of fibronectin and tissue‐type plasminogen activator
Authors: Bányai László , Váradi András , Patthy László
Published: July 2002

Comparison of the primary structures of high‐M
r urokinase and tissue‐type plasminogen activator reveals a high degree of structural homology between the two proteins, except that tissue activator contains a 43 residue long amino‐terminal region, which has no counterpart in urokinase. We show that this segment is homologous with the finger‐domains responsible for the fibrin‐affinity of fibronectin. Limited proteolysis of the amino‐terminal region of plasminogen activator was found to lead to a loss of the fibrin‐affinity of the enzyme. It is suggested that the finger‐domains of fibronectin and tissue‐types plasminogen activator have similar functions and that the finger‐domains of the two proteins evolved from a common ancestral fibrin‐binding domain.
A structural comparison of guinea pig thyroid and fat TSH receptors by photoaffinity labelling
Authors: Buckland Paul R. , Rees Smith Bernard
Published: July 2002

TSH receptors from guinea pig thyroid and epididymal fat have been covalently crosslinked to 125I‐labelled TSH conjugated to N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl‐4‐azidobenzoate. Analysis by SDS—PAGE and autoradiography showed bands corresponding to TSH subunits (M
r 14 000) and intact TSH (M
r 28 000; subunits crosslinked) and two at higher M
r separated by 14 000. The latter bands represented one or two subunits of TSH crosslinked to a subunit of the TSH receptor with M
r 57 000 (fat) or 60 000 (thyroid). These M
r values were reduced by trypsin treatment to 43 000 and 50 000, respectively. Analysis under non‐reducing conditions showed that both fat and thyroid receptors have a second disulphide linked subunit of M
r 30 000.
Antigenic determinant and interspecies cross‐reactivity of a monoclonal antibody to poly(ADP‐ribose) synthetase
Authors: Kameshita Isamu , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Fujimoto Shigeyoshi , Shizuta Yutaka
Published: July 2002

A monoclonal antibody (1F4) was prepared against calf thymus poly(ADP‐ribose) synthetase. It was classified as IgG1/κ and its antigenic determinant was localized on the 46 kDa portion of the enzyme molecule which contains the site for the binding of DNA. When calf thymus DNA‐binding proteins were subjected to immunostaining after electrophoresis and transblotting to a nitrocellulose filter, the native enzyme (120 kDa) and its endogenous degradation products (80, 64 and 32 kDa) were detected. When the interspecies cross‐reactivity was examined using DNA‐binding proteins from 6 different sources, 1F4 reacted with the 120‐ and 32‐kDa protein bands in HeLa cells, mouse testis and chicken liver as in the case of calf thymus. These results indicate that the antigenic structures ofpoly(ADP‐ribose) synthetase and its degradation products are highly conserved in various animal cells.
Primary structural comparison of the preprohormones cholecystokinin and gastrin
Authors: Deschenes Robert J. , Narayana S.V.L. , Argos Patrick , Dixon Jack E.
Published: July 2002

Preprohormone structure
Cholecystokinin
Gastrin
Synthesis of a hydrolase for the membrane‐form variant surface glycoprotein is repressed during transformation of Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Bülow Roland , Overath Peter
Published: July 2002

A membrane‐bound phospholipase C‐like hydrolase present in lysates of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma
brucei rapidly converts the membrane form of the variant surface protein to the soluble form and 1,2‐dimyristoylglycerol [(1985) M.A.J. Ferguson et al. J.Biol.Chem., 260,4963‐4968]. The hydrolase is inhibited by p‐chloromercuribenzenesulfonate. The synthesis of the enzyme is rapidly repressed upon differentiation of bloodstream forms to procyclic cells and the enzyme activity declines to an undetectable level during subsequent growth of procyclic forms.
Oligosaccharides from placenta: early diagnosis of feline mannosidosis
Authors: Warren Christopher D. , Alroy Joseph , Bugge Birgitte , Daniel Peter F. , Raghavan Srinivasa S. , Kolodny Edwin H. , Lamar Judith J. , Jeanloz Roger W.
Published: July 2002

High‐pressure liquid chromatography analysis of oligosaccharides from placentas allowed the diagnosis of α‐mannosidosis in three litters of kittens. The chromatography also afforded a detailed comparison of the oligosaccharide pattern and levels in placenta, liver, brain, urine and ocular fluid of the affected animals. In all cases, two series of compounds were observed, with one or two residues of N‐acetylglucosamine at the reducing terminus, respectively, and between two and nine mannose residues. This pattern is unlike that of human mannosidosis, and resembles that of ruminants, except that the major oligosaccharide contains three mannose residues instead of two.
Sequence analysis of bovine retinal S‐antigen
Authors: Wistow Graeme J. , Katial Albine , Craft Cheryl , Shinohara Toshimichi
Published: July 2002

S‐Antigen is a major soluble protein of the retina and pineal. It is capable of inducing experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in laboratory animals and also seems to play an important role in the visual cycle. The results of partial cDNA sequence analysis reveal interesting homologies with a‐transducin, a GTP‐binding protein of retina and other purine nucleotide‐binding proteins. In particular S‐antigen shows over 50% identity to the proposed pertussis toxin ADP‐ribosylation site of α‐transducin. It also contains the Gly‐X‐X‐X‐X‐Gly‐Lys pattern common to phosphoryl binding sites. A possible relationship between S‐antigen and purine nucleotide‐binding proteins is discussed. There is also evidence for a repetitious β‐structure in the C‐terminal half of S‐antigen, with a monoclonal antibody epitope in a helical region at the C‐terminus.
Decrease in acetylcholine‐receptor content of human myotube cultures mediated by monoclonal antibodies to α, β and γ subunits
Authors: Tzartos Socrates J. , Starzinski-Powitz Anna
Published: July 2002

One of the two main causes of acetylcholine‐receptor loss in myasthenia gravis is antigenic modulation, i.e. accelerated internalization and degradation rate by antibody‐crosslinking. This phenomenon has been studied only in animal tissues. Therefore, we tested antigenic modulation of the acetylcholine receptor on human embryonic myotubes in culture. Several monoclonal antibodies to the α, β and γ subunits of the receptor reduced its concentration, in some cases down to one‐third of the control. Some of these antibodies only form complexes of one antibody with two receptor molecules; consequently such small complexes are sufficient to accelerate internalization of the human acetylcholine receptor. This technique might be proved valuable for clinical screening of sera from myasthenie patients.
Putrescine may be a natural stimulator of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase
Authors: Dodds R.A. , Dunham Jane , Bitensky Lucille , Chayen J.
Published: July 2002

The possible relationship between pyridoxal phosphate‐dependent ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity has been studied in the osteoblasts of the growthplate of metatarsals of rats fed a pyridoxine‐deficient diet, which caused depressed G6PD levels. The G6PD activity was fully restored when it was assayed in the presence of putrescine. It is suggested that this relationship may account for the correlation generally found between growth and ODC activity.
Subunit structure of a cortical granule lectin involved in the block to polyspermy in Xenopus laevis eggs
Authors: Chamow Steven M. , Hedrick Jerry L.
Published: July 2002

The cortical granule lectin of Xenopus laevis eggs is a large molecular mass glycoprotein involved in the post‐fertilization block to polyspermy. We have investigated the subunit structure of this lectin and found that the native molecule contains 10–12 monomers, each of which has considerable charge and size heterogeneity due to glycosylated side chains. In addition, significant amino acid sequence homology is indicated by peptide mapping of subunits separated by isoelectric focusing.
The structure of rice storage protein glutelin precursor deduced from cDNA
Authors: Takaiwa Fumio , Kikuchi Shoshi , Oono Kiyoharu
Published: July 2002

The complete amino acid sequence of rice storage protein glutelin was determined by the sequencing of the corresponding cDNA. The deduced glutelin precursor has a 37 amino acid signal peptide sequence at the NH2 terminus, which is followed by a 269 amino acid acidic subunit (M
r = 32 489) and a 193 amino acid basic subunit (M
r = 19 587). The glutelin precursor sequence is homologous to those of pea legumin and soybean glycinin.
The calcium‐binding property of equine lysozyme
Authors: Nitta Katsutoshi , Tsuge Hideaki , Sugai Shintaro , Shimazaki Keiichi
Published: July 2002

It was found that equine lysozyme binds one Ca2+. It was eluted with equimolar Ca2+ from a Bio‐Gel P‐4 column. Human lysozyme did not behave similarly. Equine lysozyme is concluded to be a calcium metalloprotein like α‐lactalbumin, which is a homologue of hen egg white lysozyme.
Physiological activation of brown adipose tissue destabilizes thermogenin mRNA
Authors: Jacobsson Anders , Cannon Barbara , Nedergaard Jan
Published: July 2002

The amount of mRNA coding for the brown fat specific uncoupling protein thermogenin was followed in the brown adipose tissue of adult mice. As expected, cold exposure or norepinephrine injection caused an increase in the amount of thermogenin mRNA. However, contrary to expectation, the half‐life of thermogenin mRNA was dramatically reduced, from about 18 h to about 3 h, when the mice were cold exposed. This destabilization of thermogenin mRNA was not related to the activity of protein synthesis. It was concluded that in brown adipose tissue an unusual mechanism operates which leads to a destabilization of thermogenin mRNA under the same physiological conditions which increase thermogenin gene expression.
EPR redox study of cytochrome c3 from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki
Authors: Gayda J.P. , Yagi T. , Benosman H. , Bertrand P.
Published: July 2002

We report the results of an EPR potentiometric titration of cytochrome c
3 from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki: the EPR spectral features of the four hemes are identified. The four midpoint redox potentials, which are deduced from the integrated intensity variations as a function of the redox potential, are within the range −230 to −360 mV with two nearly equal intermediate values, in agreement with previous electrochemical measurements. A structural change of the environment of the heme with the most negative potential is observed during the first step of the reduction. The correspondence between the redox sites as characterized by the EPR potentiometric titration, and the hemes in the tridimensional structure, is discussed.
The complete amino acid sequence of the antenna polypeptide B806‐866‐β from the cytoplasmic membrane of the green bacterium Chloroflexus auranliacus
Authors: Wechsler T.D. , Brunisholz R.A. , Frank G. , Suter F. , Zuber H.
Published: July 2002

The bacteriochlorophyll a‐binding polypeptide B806–866‐β was extracted from membranes of the green thermophilic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus with chloroform/methanol/ammonium acetate. Purification of the antenna polypeptide (6.3 kDa) was achieved by chromatography on Sephadex LH‐60, Whatman DE‐32 and by FPLC. The complete amino acid sequence (53 amino acid residues) was determined. The B806–866‐β polypeptide is sequence homologous to the antenna β‐polypeptides of purple bacteria (27–40%) and exhibits the characteristic three domain structure of the B870, B800–850 and B800–820 antenna complexes. The two typical His residues, conserved in all antenna β‐polypeptides of purple bacteria, were found: His‐24 lies within the N‐terminal hydrophilic domain and His‐42 within the central hydrophobic domain. This polypeptide together with the previously described α‐polypeptide form the basic structural unit of the B806–866 antenna complex from C. aurantiacus.
The hydration of protein secondary structures
Authors: Barlow D.J. , Poole P.L.
Published: July 2002

The hydration of the main‐chain carbonyl (CO) groups in proteins have been studied using infra‐red spectroscopy, and computer‐graphics analysis of high resolution protein crystal structures. The IR measurements indicate that the strength of water binding to the CO groups is lower in β‐sheet proteins compared with α‐helical ones. Analysis of the protein crystal structures shows that this is due primarily to differences in the geometry ofwater‐CO group interactions in the two types of secondary structure.
Primary structure of human insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein/placental protein 12 and tissue‐specific expression of its mRNA
Authors: Julkunen Mervi , Koistinen Riitta , Aalto-Setälä Katriina , Seppälä Markku , Jänne Olli A. , Kontula Kimmo
Published: July 2002

The low‐molecular‐mass insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein (IGF‐BP) and placental protein 12 (PP12) are identical proteins that are present in human serum, amniotic fluid, secretory endometrium and decidua. IGF‐BP/PP12 is believed to act as an autocrine or paracrine regulator of cell growth. A cDNA clone encompassing the entire protein coding region of this protein was isolated from a human decidual cDNA library. The authenticity of the cDNA was verified by in vitro transcription/translation experiments and by the identity of the 10 N‐terminal amino acids deduced for the mature peptide with those obtained by direct protein sequencing. The amino acid sequence indicates that pre‐IGF‐BP/PP12 consists of 259 amino acid residues. The putative signal peptide is 25 residues long, and the mature protein thus contains 234 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 25 293 Da. The sequence is very cysteine‐rich at the N‐terminus after which there are regions of clustered Pro, Glu, Ser and Thr residues (so‐called PEST regions), which exist in proteins with short half‐lives. The amino acid sequence also includes an Arg‐Gly‐Asp tripeptide that may function as a cell recognition signal. The IGF‐BP/PP12 gene encodes a single 1.6 kb mRNA species that is expressed in decidua, secretory endometrium, liver and a human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Southern blot analysis suggests that there is a single IGF‐BP/PP12 gene in the human genome.
Acidic fibroblast growth factor stimulates opsin levels in retinal photoreceptor cells in vitro
Authors: Hicks David , Courtois Yves
Published: July 2002

It is demonstrated that newborn rat retinal photoreceptor cells can differentiate in monolayer culture, and synthesize de novo photoreceptor‐specific proteins such as opsin. When maintained in serum supplemented medium on a laminin substrate, these cells survive for up to 3 weeks. The addition of acidic fibroblast growth factor stimulates an increase in the levels of opsin of 5–10‐fold control values, and prolongs cell survival by up to 6 days.
Electron‐phonon and vibronic structure of absorption spectra of the primary electron donor in reaction centers of Rhodopseudomonas viridis, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Chloroflexus aurantiacus at 1.7–70 K
Authors: Klevanik A.V. , Ganago A.O. , Shkuropatov A.Ya. , Shuvalov V.A.
Published: July 2002

The fine structure of the absorption band of P in reaction centers of various phototrophic bacteria has been studied at 1.7–70 K. The vibronic structure with a characteristic frequency of ∼ 140 cm−1, zero‐phonon line and phonon wing for the 0‐0 transition with relatively weak coupling parameters have been resolved.
Two conserved tryptophan residues of tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin are not involved in the biological activity
Authors: Van Ostade Xaveer , Tavernier Jan , Fiers Walter
Published: July 2002

Each of the two highly conserved tryptophan residues in hTNF (positions 28 and 114) was converted into phenylalanine by site‐directed mutagenesis and the mutant proteins were partially purified. A cytotoxicity assay on mouse L929 cells showed only a slight reduction in biological activity, strongly suggesting that neither of the two amino acids is involved in the active site.
Pardaxin induces aggregation but not fusion of phosphatidylserine vesicles
Authors: Lelkes Peter I. , Lazarovici Philip
Published: July 2002

The effects on membranes of pardaxin, an amphipathic polypeptide, purified from the gland secretion of the Red Sea Moses sole flatfish Pardachirus marmoratus are dose‐dependent and range from formation of voltage‐gated, cation‐selective pores to lysis. We have now investigated the interactions of pardaxin with small unilamellar liposomes. Light scattering showed that pardaxin (10−7–10−9M) mediated the aggregation of liposomes composed of phosphatidylserine but not of phosphatidylcholine. Aggregation of phosphatidylserine vesicles was impaired by vesicle depolarization. Furthermore, pardaxin‐mediated aggregation between fluorescent‐labeled PS vesicles was accompanied by leakage of the vesicle contents, and not by fusogenic process within the aggregates. We suggest that pardaxin is a unique polypeptide, that induces vesicle aggregation and membrane destabilization, but not membrane fusion; the mechanism of the aggregation activity of pardaxin is related to its amphipathic properties.
Complementary DNA and derived amino acid sequence of the precursor of one of the three protein components of the inter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor complex
Authors: Gebhard Wolfgang , Schreitmüller Thomas , Hochstrasser Karl , Wachter Elmar
Published: July 2002

Inter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor is composed of three distinct protein components. These protein components stem from independently encoded and proteolytically processed precursor proteins. Only the structure of the protein component responsible for the inhibitory activity has been established so far. We now present the complete amino acid sequence of the precursor of the second protein component derived from cloned cDNA. The precursor molecule includes both a signal peptide and a propeptide sequence and seems to be further processed prior to the assembly of the inter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor complex.
Purification of a phosphoprotein from rat brain closely related to the 80 kDa substrate of protein kinase C identified in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts
Authors: Morris Clive , Rozengurt Enrique
Published: July 2002

A phosphoprotein expressed in rat brain is closely related to the 80 kDa substrate of protein kinase C present in 3T3 cells. The protein kinase C substrates from both sources migrate identically on two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and give similar phosphopeptide fragments when digested with protease. Using a series of chromatographic steps, including DEAE‐cellulose chromatography, Sephadex G150 gel filtration and reverse phase fast protein liquid chromatography, this phosphoprotein was purified 3800‐fold from rat brain. The preparation appears homogenous by one‐ and two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, is an effective substrate of protein kinase C and contains a high proportion of the acidic amino acids glutamate and aspartate, and of alanine.
Effect of acidosis on Ca2+ sensitivity of skinned cardiac muscle with troponin C exchange Implications for myocardial ischemia
Authors: Gulati Jagdish , Babu Árvind
Published: July 2002

By using a novel approach for the study of the effects of pH variation in skinned myocardium, the present experiments were aimed to provide new insights into the mechanism of ischemia. Ca2+ sensitivity is decreased by acid pH, but the effect is more than double in cardiac myofilaments than that in fast‐twitch skeletal muscle fibers. With the technique of troponin C exchange in myocytes, we find here that the effect of pH is the same with cardiac or skeletal troponin C. These results rule out a direct H+‐Ca2+ competition on the Ca2+‐binding sites of troponin C as a significant mechanism of ischemia. The findings provide conclusive evidence in favor of the idea that acidosis modulates the protein‐protein interactions in the regulatory complex in cardiac muscle.
Cloning and expression of an interleukin‐1β precursor and its conversion to interleukin‐1β
Authors: Dalbøge H. , Bayne S. , Christensen T. , Hejnæs K.R.
Published: July 2002

A gene coding for a N‐terminal precursor of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) was cloned and expressed in E. coli. The isolated Met‐Glu‐Ala‐Glu‐IL‐1β precursor was enzymatically converted to IL‐1β by means of dipeptidylaminopeptidase (DAP I). This method ensured a correct N‐terminal residue and the often observed expression of Met‐IL‐1β was thus avoided. The pure and physically homogeneous product exhibited the characteristic properties of natural IL‐1β. The in vitro biological activity was measured in the lymphocyte‐activating factor assay and was compared to that of natural IL‐1β isolated from stimulated monocyte culture using exactly the same purification procedure. The specific biological activity of both products was 2 × 10−8 U/mg indicating that the recombinant product exhibits full biological activity.
Interleukin‐1 inhibits glucose‐induced Ca2+ uptake by islets of Langerhans
Authors: Wolf Bryan A. , Hughes Jonathan H. , Florholmen Jon , Turk John , McDaniel Michael L.
Published: July 2002

Recombinant interleukin‐1 (rIL‐1) is known to inhibit glucose‐induced insulin secretion by islets of Langerhans, a novel target tissue of cytokine. We have investigated whether rIL‐1 pretreatment affects biochemical mechanisms known to be involved in the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis during glucose‐induced insulin secretion. Glucose‐induced Ca2+ uptake by intact islets through the plasma membrane was dramatically inhibited (96%) by rIL‐1 (2 nM). rIL‐1, however, did not affect Ca2+ uptake by, or Ins 1,4,5‐P3‐induced Ca2+ efflux from, the endoplasmic reticulum in digitonin‐permeabilized islets, although glucose‐induced accumulation of inositol trisphosphates was inhibited (38%). These results suggest that perturbation of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis in islets is involved in inhibition of insulin secretion by rIL‐1.