bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DI FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
Authors: Purnamasari, S.Kp., M.Pd Ns. Elly , Hermawan Andika , Nurani, M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Kom Ns. Intan Asri
Published: September 2023

Tidur merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang bersifat fisiologis yang harus dipenuhi oleh setiap individu. Tidur adalah keadaan dimana kesadaran seseorang akan sesuatu menjadi turun, namun aktivitas otak tetap memainkan peran yang luar biasa dalam mengatur fungsinya. Kualitas tidur yang buruk akan mendatangkan dampak yang negatif pada kesehatan tubuh seseorang. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur berupa faktor non medis yaitu diantaranya jenis kelamin, pubertas, kebiasaan tidur, lingkungan dan gaya hidup. Gaya hidup merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas tidur dimana gaya hidup remaja pada zaman sekarang tidak bisa lepas dari smartphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penggunaan smartphone dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa keperawatan di fakultas ilmu kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.Metode : desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Cross-Sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Penggunaan Smartphone dan kuedioner Kualitas Tidur yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Sampel berjumlah 191 responden yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling.Hasil :hasil uji statistic chi squere menunjukan nilai p-value = 0,000 dengan nilai normal (α = <0,05)sehingga terdapat hubungan antara penggunaan smartphone dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa keperawatan di fakultas ilmu kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang.
Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Efektif Terpilih Pada Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Akseptor KB
Authors: Indawati Wiwit , Sitiyaroh Nur
Published: September 2023

Pengunaan kontrasepsi salah satu upaya dalam keluarga berencana untuk pengendalian fertilitas dan menekan pertumbuhan penduduk yang paling efektif. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diatas maka peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian yang berjudul Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu Akseptor KB Terhadap Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Efektif Terpilih Di Klinik Yuliarpan Medika. Dalam Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pendidikan ibu akseptor KB terhadap penggunaan metode kontrasepsi efektif terpilih. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 responden Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat pengaruh tingkat pendidikan ibu, akseptor KB terhadap penggunaan kontrasepsi efektif terpilih, dengan p value (0,033) < α (0,05). Diharapkan penggunaan metode kontrasepsi efektif terpilih dapat menjadi pilihan bagi ibu dalam keluarga berencana dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup berkeluarga.
Kajian Perencanaan Strategis Divisi Keperawatan Rumah Sakit X Kota Cilegon
Authors: Habibi Alpan , Napitupulu Desyi Prana , Armansyah Diki , Sirait Mery Anglelia , Fattah Tri Ilmiah , Takaredas Yiyin Qamariah , Hariyati Rr Tutik Sri , Handiyani Hanny
Published: September 2023

Perencanaan strategis memegang peranan penting dalam menentukan masa depan rumah sakit. Pentingnya perencanaan strategis bagi RS dapat membantu memaksimalkan kekuatan RS untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan dan keselamatan pasien serta memperbaiki pelayanan sesuai kebutuhan pasien. Adapun tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan rencana strategi keperawatan RS X mencakup SDM, SIM dan keuangan. Metode yang digunakan studi kasus pendekatan analisis Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT). Pengumpulan data dilakukan Mei 2022 melalui telaah dokumen dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh posisi organisasi berada pada sel I, growth and building dengan skor EFE 3,21 dan IFE 3,04. Perumusan strategi terpilih difokuskan pada peningkatan SDM melalui pendidikan lanjut formal dan informal, peningkatan pelayanan melalui pengambangan pelayanan keperawatan berbasis IT dan perencanaan anggaran serta pengendalian keuangan.
Prenatal Yoga Dalam Mengurangi Tingkat Stress di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Erty Catur
Published: September 2023

Pada proses kehamilan terjadi perubahan fisik dan psikologis, perubahan tersebut akanmengakibatkan kecemasan yang akan berdampak buruk bagi ibu dan janin . Selain itu di masapandemi COVID-19 ibu hamil sangan rentan terhadap keterpaparan virus. Prevalensiterjadinya ibu hamil menderita COVID-19 cukup tinggi sehingga ini akan menambah burukkesehatan metal ibu. Prenatal yoga merupakan latihan dalam mengolah fisik , pikiran,danmental yang mempunyai manfaat untuk meningkatkan kesehatan fisik dan juga psikologisibu. Prenatal yoga yang dilakukan secara rutin akan mengurangi tingkat sress yang dialamiibu. Tujuan kajian literatur ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh prenatal yoga dalammenutunkan tingkat stress ibu dimasa pandemi COVID-19. Database Pubmed dan GoogleScholar digunakan untuk mencari artikel penelitian. Pencarian literatur menggunakan katakunci prenatal yoga, stress, mental health, pregnancy, COVID-19 dengan kriteria inklusiartikel yang digunakan adalah artikel dari tahun 2017-2021, artikel primer, fulltext dansubjek penelitiani bu hamil. Tujuh artikel yang dipilih sesuai dengan kata kunci dankriteria inklusi kemudian dilakukan penilaian kritis (critical appraisal) yang kemudiandianalisis menggunakan simplified thematic analysis. Kriteria sampel ibu hamil dalamartikel adalah ibu hamil yang mengalami kecemasan dan stress di masa pandemiCOVID-19 dan mengikuti yoga dalam kehamilan. Berdasarkan hasil review , denganmelakukan prenatal yoga secara rutin lebih dari 8 minggu mampu menurunkan tingkatkecemasan dan stress pada ibu hamil di masa pandemi COVID-19.Kata kunci : prenatal yoga, stress, mental health, pregnancy, COVID-19
Karakteristik Faktor Kejadian Abortus
Authors: Suhartini Leni
Published: September 2023

Abortus ditandai dengan perdarahan pada kehamilan trimester pertama. Perhatian dan penanganan yang serius dan berkesinambungan perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas kesehatan reproduksi wanita Indonesia yang pada akhirnya dapat berkontribusi untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara umur, paritas, riwayat abortus sebelumnya dan penyakit penyerta dengan kejadian abortus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional, tempat penelitian di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto tahun 2021-2022. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 58 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekam medis, kemudian dilakukan analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square p value 0,05. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kasus abortus imminens sebanyak 28 orang (48,3%), dan kasus abortus inkomplit dialami oleh 30 orang (51,7%). Berdasarkan umur terdapat 38 orang (65,5%) berumur kurang dari 35 tahun dan 20 orang (34,5%) berumur lebih dari 36 tahun. Dari riwayat kehamilan terdapat 17 orang (29,3%) primigravida, 27orang (46,6%) multigravida dan 14 orang (24,1%) grandemultigravida. Berdasarkan riwayat abortus sebelumnya mayoritas (75,9%) tidak pernah mengalami abortus. Bila dilihat dari penyakit penyerta ada 52 orang (89,7%) tidak mempunyai penyakit penyerta, dan masing-masing 1 orang (1,7%) mempunyai riwayat Hepatitis B, HIV, Covid-19, anhidramnion, CKD dan BSC 2x. Tidak ada hubungan antara umur, paritas, riwayat abortus sebelumnya, dan penyakit penyerta dengan kejadian abortus (p value 0,932, 0,048, 0,165, 0, 228. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut sebagai upaya edukasi persiapan kehamilan sehat dan pencegahan abortus pada kehamilan selanjutnya.
POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERILAKU BULLYING
Authors: Puspitasari Dewi , Martini Titin , Wahyuni Titis
Published: September 2023

Pola asuh orang tua adalah suatu proses interaksi antara orang tua dengan anak yang meliputi pemenuhan kebutuhan fisik, kebutuhan psikologis, kegiatan seperti menidik, memberikan kasih sayang, mengasuh, memilihara, melindungi dan bagaimana cara mengarahkan tingkah laku anak selama masa perkembangan anak. Perilaku bullying adalah perilaku seseorang yang lebih kuat menyakiti secara fisik maupun secara verbal terhadap orang yang lemah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan perilaku bullying pada anak remaja. Metode yang digunakan literature review, dengan menggunakan beberapa database yaitu google scholar menggunakan keyword “Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Perilaku Bulyying” Batasan jurnal yang digunakan 5 tahun terakhir dengan total jurnal yang digunakan yaitu 10 jurnal. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan literature yang digunakan, Di dapatkan bahwa Hubungan pola Asuh orang tua terhadap bullying, dan sebagai tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat menjadi edukator kepada orangtua tentang dampak bagi kesehatan jiwa dengan kejadian perilaku bullying pada anak remaja.
Foliar application of Ascophyllum nodosum on improvement of photosynthesis, fruit setting percentage, yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Lakshmi Subramaniyan , Ravichandran Veerasamy , Anandakumar Selvaraj , Senthil Algarswamy , Arul Loganathan , Radhamani Sengodan , Anupriya Ramasamy
Published: September 2023

In recent days, liquid formulations of brown seaweed extract, Ascophyllum nodosum used as a biostimulant in agriculture. Various studies suggest that A. nodosum enhanced the growth and yield of agriculturally important crops, but still, there is a lack of information about the biostimulation effects on photosynthesis, flowering and fruit setting of tomato. Hence, the present study aimed to know the effect of foliar application of A. nodosum on photosynthesis, flowering, fruit setting, yield and quality of tomato. A biostimulant product, MC Set with A. nodosum extract applied to tomato as a foliar spray at rates of three different concentrations such as 1.0 L ha−1 (MS 1), 2.0 L ha−1 (MS 2), 3.0 L ha−1 (MS 3) for six times during flowering of 2nd (30 Days after transplanting – DAT), 3rd (40 DAT) and 4th (50 DAT) cluster and fruit setting of 2nd (60 DAT), 3rd (70 DAT) and 4th (80 DAT) cluster respectively. The MC Set treatments enhanced the plant photosynthesis, flower number and fruit number per cluster, yield and quality traits of tomato. However, the middle concentration MS 2 showed highest photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, SPAD value, flower and fruit in 2nd, 3rd and 4th cluster. It also had better average fruit weight and yield per plant and hectare and enhanced the quality parameters such as total soluble solids, ascorbic acid content, lycopene and total sugars compared to control and other two concentrations of MS Set. Hence, using A. nodosum extract on tomato growth could be a better sustainable crop production method.
Welding of parts made of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastics. Part 2. Welding methods of parts made of polymer composite materials based on thermoplastics, using extraneous heat sources
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Nefyolov I. S. , Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: September 2023

The first article of the cycle was published in № 08-2023 of the journal «Adhesives. Sealants. Technologies». In the second article from the series, the most common thermal methods of the welding of plastic products based on thermoplastics are considered. Welding technologies with the use of extraneous heat sources: heated air, heated tools and melt have been studied in detail. The main parameters of technological modes of welding of the most common thermoplastic materials in mechanical engineering are given.
COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE CORRECTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF LOCOMOTIVE CREWS EMPLOYEES INVOLVED IN COLLISIONS WITH PEOPLE, ANIMALS AND VEHICLES
Authors:   Private healthcare institution «Hospital «RZD-Medicine» Ruzaevka», Kosyrkina I.E. , Sovetova S.V.
Published: September 2023

An integrated approach to the correction of the functional state of employees of locomotive crews involved in collisions with people, animals and vehicles contributes to the solution of a number of important tasks, which include: maintaining professional reliability and efficiency, maintaining the proper level of health and longevity of specialists directly related to ensuring the safety of the transportation process on rail transport. The analysis of data on statistics of accidents on the sections of the track serviced by employees of the Operational depot Ruzaevka, methodology and specific measures to ensure an integrated approach in carrying out corrective and rehabilitation measures to employees of locomotive crews in accordance with their functional condition is presented. Analysis of the results of psychophysiological examinations of 162 workers who found themselves in a hit-and-run situation showed that the most informative markers reflecting the functional state are the SAN methods, the color selection method. Restorative (correctional) measures in the conditions of the psychophysiological support laboratory using a relaxing, mobilizing program and a set of preventive and general health measures in the conditions of the depot’s physical culture and wellness center have shown high efficiency in terms of ensuring the proper level of professional activity of employees.
HEALTH RISKS OF COSMETOLOGISTS: HYGIENIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Krainova I.A. , Latyshevskaya N.I. , Belyaeva A.V.
Published: September 2023

The article contains an expert-analytical review of domestic publications devoted to the hygienic and medical-social assessment of the work of cosmetologists. The authors summarized their own research, which made it possible to substantiate the priority risk factors for the health of doctors in this specialty. As a result, the necessity of regulatory and legal improvement of cosmetology care in a developing market, based on mechanisms for ensuring quality and safety for consumers, but also protecting the rights of specialists, is substantiated. It is advisable to further study the factors of the working environment and the conditions for organizing the work of cosmetologists, substantiate the degree of its harmfulness and danger, as well as the argumentation of priority health risk factors.
SYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION SERVICE OF THE FMBA OF RUSSIA
Authors:   FSBI «State Research Center — Federal Medical Biophysical Centre named by A.I. Burnasyan» Federal Medical Biological Agency, Kretov A.S. , Vlasova I.V. , Bushmanov A.Yu.
Published: September 2023

In order to implement the requirements of Federal Law No. 170-FZ of 21.11.1995, Federal Law No. 35-FZ of 08.03.2011, Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 749n of 28.07.2020, Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 29n of 28.01.2021, laboratories and psychophysiological examination rooms have been created in medical organizations of the FMBA of Russia. The main purpose of the psychophysiological examination of workers in contact with ionizing radiation sources is to identify persons whose psychophysiological characteristics indicate a low level of functional state of the central nervous system, which causes the risks of developing emergency situations due to the fault of the human factor and is an indication for preventive medical measures within the framework of the program to preserve professional longevity. A promising direction is the widespread introduction of pre-shift psychophysiological examinations of persons whose professional activity is associated with making «critical» decisions. Work is underway at the A.I. Burnazyan Federal State Budgetary Research Center of the FMBA of Russia to create innovative pre-shift control complexes that combine the functionality of medical and psychophysiological examination. The results of this work in the form of hardware and software complexes have already been implemented by a number of organizations using ionizing radiation sources, and at the moment there is an accumulation of information about the results of practical use.
THE USE OF DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND IN STUDYING CHANGES IN THE JOINTS, PERIARTICULAR TISSUES AND NERVES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS WITH VIBRATION DISEASE
Authors:   FSBSI «East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research», Lakhman O.L. , Zueva Y.I
Published: September 2023

In recent years, there has been a pathomorphism of clinical manifestations of vibration disease (VD). At the same time, there are single publications concerning the use of ultrasound method in diagnosing musculoskeletal disorders and tunnel syndromes. The purpose of the research was to identify the features of changes in the joints, periarticular tissues and nerves of the upper extremities in patients with vibration disease associated with exposure to local vibration, using the diagnostic ultrasound diagnostics. Methods. Thirty-nine (39) patients with VD associated with exposure to local vibration were examined using the diagnostic ultrasound. Results. Ultrasound examination of patients with VD associated with exposure to local vibration revealed a variety of disorders. In 36,4% of cases, abnormal sonographic signs characteristic of lateral epicondylitis were detected, in 24,3% — signs of medial epicondylitis, in 28,4% — signs of osteoarthritis of the elbow joints, in 25,6% — signs of osteoarthritis of the wrist joints, in 19,9% — signs of osteoarthritis of small joints of the hands, in 10,8% — signs of osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint, in 48,7% — signs of the rotator cuff damage, in 28,3% — signs of carpal tunnel syndrome, and in 20,3% — signs of cubital canal syndrome. Conclusions. As a result of the pilot studies, the eligibility of using the diagnostic ultrasound in identifying the features of changes in the joints, periarticular tissues and nerves of the upper extremities in patients with VD associated with exposure to local vibration has been shown. The established abnormal sonographic signs are characterized mainly by changes in the hand common extensor tendon, and to a lesser extent in the hand common flexor tendon, changes in the form of osteoarthritis of the elbow, wrist joints, small joints of the hands, rotator cuff, and carpal and cubital canal syndrome.
NEW VECTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE, AVIATION, SPACE AND DIVING MEDICINE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE STRATEGIC ACADEMIC LEADERSHIP PROGRAM «PRIORITY 2030»
Authors:   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Morozova T.V. , Pokhodzey L.V.
Published: September 2023

New vectors of the department’s development are presented within the framework of the implementation of the strategic academic leadership program «Priority 2030» at Sechenov University: science-oriented education, practical orientation of training, formation of individual educational trajectories, which allows to prepare a qualitatively new specialist with a set of universal, professional and research competencies.
SINERGITAS MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI SOCIAL CAPITAL DALAM MENSUKSESKAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Asip Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Sukses adalah puncak yang menjadi impian semua orang, namun standar sukses antara individu dengan individu lainnya tidaklah sama. Kesuksesan dunia pendidikan tidak dapat dilakukan secara individual, semua elemen pendidikan harusnya ikut serta memberikan kontribusi. Aktor-aktor yang bersinergi akan memuluskan suksesenya pendidikan Indonesia. Kerjasama merupakan kebutuhan yang menjadi keharusan untuk mensukseskan pendidikan. Namun, hanya Kerjasama mutualisme yang akan berlangsung lama dan awet. Landasan kerjasama berdasarkan visi dan misi yang sama, jika ada perbedaan yang sangat krusial akan menyulitkan kerjasama terwujud. Kebersamaan visi itu dilandasi oleh nilai-nilai yang menjunjung tinggi nilai- nilai kerja keras, nilai-nilai pembelajaran serta nilai-nilai inovatif, yang kesemuanya menunjukkan nilai-nilai yang mampu menghasilkan kinerja yang bermutu tinggi, dan dirasakan oleh para anggotanya bahwa hasilnya melampaui perkiraan anggota kelompok itu sendiri.
Intergenerational Consequences of Racism in the UK: A Qualitative Investigation into Parents’ Exposure to Racism and Offspring Mental Health and Wellbeing.
Authors: Simela Carl , Akanbi Tolúwalàse , Okundi Malaika , Abdalla Hannah , McAdams Tom , Harris Androulla , Augustine Alex , Le Huong , Abdinasir Kadra , Ayorech Ziada , Ahmadzadeh Yasmin Iona
Published: September 2023

Background. Experiences of racism are linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes among those exposed. According to quantitative research derived mainly from the USA, these negative outcomes can have cascading effects in families, when parents’ experiences of racism indirectly impact offspring. New research is warranted for UK families, informed by a qualitative approach to canvass community knowledge and perspectives, exploring how existing findings relate to lived experiences.Method. We conducted four online focus groups with 14 parents of school aged children and 14 adolescents who had experienced racism in the UK. Participants were asked what children know of parents’ experiences of racism, and how these experiences can impact parent-child interactions, mental health, and wellbeing. Focus group recordings were transcribed, and data coded and analysed through Iterative Categorisation.Results. Analyses drew four themes from participants’ insight. Together, themes illuminated the pervasive nature of racism experienced by some families in the UK. Parent and child experiences of racism were connected and co-occurring, with indirect effects impacting mental health and wellbeing in both generations. These experiences linked to both positive and negative changes in parenting behaviour and parent-child relationships, which could be moderated by intersecting identities such as the parent’s generational status for immigration to the UK. Social cohesion, safe spaces, and education programmes were highlighted for future intervention. Conclusions. Findings corroborate existing literature, while further emphasising a broader bidirectional picture, requiring a family systems and intersectional approach to understanding the mental health impact of racism in families. Avenues for future research are discussed, to support development of equitable intervention and support strategies to prevent racism and support those affected.
Strategic learning of people's names as a function of expected utility in young and older adults
Authors: Devue Christel , Badolle Marie , Brédart Serge
Published: September 2023

People’s names are notoriously challenging to learn at all ages, more so than semantic information. Because people are somewhat aware of memory limitations and of their own difficulty of learning names, they might spontaneously use cost-efficient encoding strategies whereby they devote more memory resources to the names of people that are most likely to be useful to learn than others. To test this hypothesis, we told young and older participants that they would judge excerpts of a new TV series about a group of twelve musicians and that they could first review information about the characters to facilitate the upcoming viewing, which consisted of face-name-instrument triplets. Further, the probability of appearance of each character was specified via an importance label (main or secondary characters, bit parts). Participants then performed a surprise cued recall test and recalled names, instruments and importance labels associated with pictures. Unsurprisingly, young adults had better memory performance than older ones and semantic information was better recalled than names. In line with a cost-efficient encoding strategy, participants in both groups recalled names and semantic information of the most important characters better, suggesting they had prioritised encoding information about those characters to the detriment of others. Interestingly, there were individual differences in spontaneous encoding strategies used. People who reported using cost-efficient strategies had better memory performance than others and individuals who remembered more semantic information about main characters than about bit parts also did so with names, suggesting that cost-efficient strategies improves the encoding of two types of information.
Susceptibility to Visual Interference in Working Memory: Different Results Depending on the Prioritization Mode?
Authors: Hautekiet Caro , Niklaus Marcel , Oberauer Klaus
Published: September 2023

Among several items held in working memory, an item can be prioritized by focusing attention on it. Some studies found that an item in the focus of attention is better protected from interference than other items in working memory. Others have found that a prioritized item is particularly vulnerable to interference. These two groups of studies have used different ways to study information in the focus of attention in working memory. Protection for the prioritized item has been found when a retro-cue has been used to direct attention to this item, whereas particular vulnerability has been observed for the last-presented item of a serially presented list, which is often assumed to remain in the focus of attention during the retention interval. As these two methods might represent distinct forms of prioritization, we examined whether these two prioritization modes result in opposing results. To do so, we sequentially presented four to-be-memorized colored shapes and probed memory with a recall task. We varied the presentation of interfering visual stimuli following the last list item. In half of the trials, we indicated which item was most likely to be probed using a retro-cue (Experiments 1 and 5) or a pre-cue (Experiments 2 to 4). We observed some evidence for the last-presented item being particularly vulnerable to visual interference, but only in specific task situations. Generally, we observed that memory items were equally vulnerable to visual interference regardless of their priority state in working memory, and regardless of the used prioritization mode.
Blueprint of a smokescreen: introducing the validated Climate Disinformation Corpus for behavioral research on combating climate disinformation
Authors: Spampatti Tobia , Brosch Tobias , Mumenthaler Christian , Hahnel Ulf J.J.
Published: September 2023

Actions to mitigate and adapt to the climate crisis are urgently needed but face societal inertia due to decades of climate disinformation and discourses of policy delay. Behavioral science research has the potential to develop evidence-based strategies to fight disinformation; however, this research has not been conducted systematically nor with validated sets of climate disinformation stimuli that would enable researchers and practitioners to reliably evaluate and compare the effectiveness of behavioral interventions. Using computational social science techniques, we gathered n = 20’000 climate disinformation stimuli from the social media platform Twitter and conducted a validation study involving a representative sample of N = 503 British participants. We present the Climate Disinformation Corpus, a collection of climate disinformation statements designed to systematize experimental research on future disinformation interventions. We identified seventy-eight statements containing disinformation about the existence, the causes, the consequences of climate change, the reliability and objectivity of climate scientists, and arguing for the delay of climate policies by redirecting and minimizing responsibility, pushing non-transformative solutions, emphasizing the downsides of climate actions, or surrendering to climate change consequences. The Climate Disinformation Corpus showed good heterogeneity across fifteen validation measures (e.g., perceived persuasiveness, perceived trustworthiness, and sharing intentions) taken from established disinformation research guidelines. Furthermore, the climate disinformation statements were correlated with four individual differences measures related to belief in climate science and support for climate actions, congruently with theoretical expectations. We conclude with practical suggestions on implementing the Climate Disinformation Corpus in disinformation research according to different research questions.
The Pathology of Imagination: Picturing the Worst
Authors: Castillo Andrew J , Condon David M
Published: September 2023

Imagination, often celebrated for its role in creativity and development, can also intersect with maladaptive personality traits, echoing the archetype of the 'tormented genius.' This study examines the complex relationship between imagination and maladaptive personality traits using large-scale cross-sectional dataset (N = 114,559) with a planned-missingness design. The functional sample size (pairwise-n = 600) was derived from the mean number of pairwise item administrations in the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 and the Four-Factor Imagination Scale. Significant associations were found between imagination, psychoticism, and emotionally saturated traits from the PID-5. Participants with pathologically high levels of Depressivity and Anxiousness demonstrated significantly elevated levels of emotionally negative imagination (mean d =1.14, p < 0.001) relative to those in normative ranges. Additionally, non-normative levels of Perceptual Dysregulation and Emotional Lability featured increased imaginative frequency (mean d = 1.00, p < 0.001). The content of PID-5 items predicted multiple facets of imagination, substantiating the hypothesis that imagination is a feature in some pathological traits. These results highlight the multifaceted role of imagination in personality pathology.
To whom do people reply in comment sections? Effects of attitude (un)congeniality, age, confidence, and knowledge
Authors: Buder Jürgen , Said Nadia
Published: September 2023

Research on selective exposure typically yields a congeniality bias, a preference to choose attitudinally congenial (vs. uncongenial) information for consumption. Recent work has proposed selective response which yields an uncongeniality bias, a preference to choose uncongenial information for replying in social media contexts. Three studies (total N = 1524) explore boundary conditions of selective response. Studies 1 (student sample) and 2 (non-student sample) generalizesthe uncongeniality bias to different contexts (discussion topic, discussion style). However, Study 3 (representative for age and gender in Germany) yielded a surprising congeniality bias (a preference for replying to congenial posts) which was moderated by age. Moreover, all three studies investigated the moderating role of climate change knowledge and confidence in one’s knowledge. Results suggestthat high confidence is associated with increased engagement (higher likelihood to reply), but reduced antagonism. In contrast, high climate change knowledge reduces engagement, but increases the uncongeniality bias.
What Biological Stories are Americans Telling About the Egg and the Sperm? A Study Inspired by Emily Martin 30 Years Later
Authors: Almeling Rene
Published: September 2023

Emily Martin’s landmark article (1991) demonstrated that cultural beliefs about masculinity and femininity led scientists to construct a “fairy tale” romance between active sperm and passive eggs, a biological metaphor that influenced the process of research in scientific labs and descriptions of fertilization in textbooks. In the decades since, there have been significant shifts in cultural beliefs about sex, gender, and sexuality, including challenges to the conceptualization of sex as a binary category, growing social acceptance of a wide variety of gender identities and sexualities, and an increasing proportion of people who subscribe to gender-egalitarian views. While Martin’s focus was on the scientists producing knowledge, here I pivot to individuals recruited from the general public in a northeastern American city, using a sociology of culture approach to ask whether shifting beliefs about gender and sexuality are associated with different biological metaphors about fertilization. Through qualitative interviews (N = 47), I find that the traditional metaphor of active sperm penetrating passive egg is still commonly used, but that another metaphor is also circulating, one that positions gametes as more similar than different, as two halves of a whole. I conclude by discussing the implications for debates about the relationship between biological stories and social beliefs.
Introduction: Macleod Reconsidered
Authors: Li Alison
Published: September 2023

Abstract.

An introduction to the special issue of the Canadian Journal of Health History/Revue canadienne d’histoire de la santé on J.J.R. Macleod, a co-discoverer of insulin.
The human microbiome and modern approaches to its preservation (analytical review)
Authors: Bobyr V. V. , Nazarchuk O. A. , Paliy V. G. , Kryzhanovska A. V. , Bobyr N. A. , Vlasenko I. G. , Zhemera N. A.
Published: September 2023

Annotation. The article is devoted to the analysis of modern data on the diversity of the microbiome of the human body and the characteristics of the latest trends for its preservation. Scientific search engines, databases of electronic resources PubMed, IRBIS, and Google Scholar were used for information analysis using bibliosemantic, system review methods. The results of research by Ukrainian and foreign scientists indicate a huge positive influence of the microbiome of the human body on physiological and biochemical processes. Specialists in biology and medicine differentiate the microbiome as an “organ”- system that participates in the processes of digestion and metabolism, provides protective functions of mucous membranes, and supports the immune system in working order. The analytical review presents modern data on the formation of the human microbiome as a result of the joint long-term evolution of the human body with microorganisms that inhabited its biotopes. References from scientific sources on the study of the localization of the microbiome and the interaction of microorganisms of different biotopes to maintain homeostasis are discussed in the work. Modern scientific data provide examples of microbiome disturbances in the etiology of human diseases. In particular, changes in the microbiome correlate with the occurrence of gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. Discussions continue among scientists about the causes of dysbiosis and ways to correct it. An analysis of the results of research on the feasibility of using certain means of improving the microbiome with the help of probiotics and intestinal microbiota transplantation was carried out. The article presents the latest classification of probiotic preparations, requirements for modern means of dysbiosis correction, and approaches to the creation of immobilized probiotics.
Structure of the lithosphere and its controlS on gold mineraliSation in Southeast Kamchatka
Authors:   Research Geotechnological Center of Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nurmukhamedov A.G. , Sidorov M.D. ,   Research Geotechnological Center of Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

Since the eighties of the last century and up to the present time, a complex of geophysical methods including earthquake converted-waves method, magnetotelluric sounding, gravimetry, magnetometry and seismological have been implemented in southeast Kamchatka. Based on the complex interpretation of the data obtained, a geological and geophysical model of the Earth's crust and upper mantle along the bay profile of Khodutka Bay – Nikolaevka village was constructed. Genetic relationship between active areas of the Earth's crust and gold deposits was established. The hypothesis of division of the formerly unified xenoblock into two separate fragments under the impact of shear along the Nachikinskaya zone of transverse dislocations has been suggested. The southern fragment is represented by the Coastal terrane. To the west of the terrane is a permeable zone with modern volcanism. Intrusion of magma and high-temperature fluids enriched with noble metals into the upper crustal layers occurs along the magmatic channel formed in the paleosubduction zone.
Debris Flow activity and specificity of Debris Flow Formation in the Geysernaya river valley (KamchatKa)
Authors:   Institute of Geography RAS, Lebedeva E.V. , Chernomorets S.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2023

A map of debris flow activity of the Geysernaya river basin, where large-scale debris flow processes associated with the collapse of fragments of the left side of the valley have been observed three times over the past 40 years, was compiled. Three independent debris flow areas of the river basin have been identified and characterized: the upper reaches of the river — the Levaya Geysernaya basin, the middle river course — below the dammed lake formed in 2014, and the lower downstream part — below the dammed lake that existed in 2007–2014. It was found that debris flow processes are typical for most of the Geysernaya river tributaries. Moreover, in the left tributaries debris flows may have aseasonal character, because they are formed in conditions of constant heating and active gas-hydrothermal influence within the thermal fields. The landslide dam formed in 2014 is resistant to erosion, and an independent breakthrough of the dammed lake is unlikely. With further erosion of the 2007 dam and the expansion of the breach in the dam body, collapse of its sides and debris flow in the lower part of the Geysernaya river valley cannot be ruled out. Risks of rockfall, landslide and debris flow processes, the initiation of which is most likely on the left side of the valley, should be considered in planning the development of recreational facilities.
Impact of the FluId dynamIc Factor on the FormatIon and changes oF the Ice cover In the ArctIc Ocean
Authors:   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrova A.A. , latysheva O.V. ,   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation  of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, the reduction in the area of Arctic ice and its thickness has accelerated. These phenomena are associated with global warming. But the ice cover is destroyed not only under the influence of external causes, but also under the influence of the deep fluid-dynamic factor of the lithosphere. The authors analyzed the satellite observations of ice thickness together with the interpretation of the anomalies of the geomagnetic field and the gravity field. The studies made it possible to put forward an assumption about the influence of thermofluid channels of faults on the formation of the ice cover due to a decrease in the thickness of the ice. The paper presents the results of studying the structure of the lithosphere of the Arctic Ocean in the zones of accelerated ice melting above the outlets of thermofluid channels to the bottom surface. The mechanism of influence of the endogenous factor on the processes of ice destruction is considered. It is noted that the nature of the horizontal layering of the earth's crust affects the process of ice formation. Taking into account the fluid dynamic factor and the layering of the earth's crust on the formation of the ice regime can be useful in determining the optimal transport and logistics routes for year-round navigation along the Northern Sea Route and safe navigation.
Retraining fact-checkers: The emergence of ChatGPT in information verification
Authors: Cuartielles Roger , Ramon-Vegas Xavier , Pont-Sorribes Carles
Published: September 2023

The open launch of new artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT-3.5 (Generated Pre-trained Transformer) in November 2022 by the company OpenAI -and then its update to version GPT-4 in March 2023- poses new opportunities and challenges for journalism, and especially for professionals specifically focused on information verification. This research aims to understand and analyze the perceptions generated by the irruption of ChatGPT among fact-checking professionals in Spain with the aim of identifying disadvantages and advantages in its use, professional implications and desired functionalities. The study uses qualitative methodology with in-depth interviews with professionals from all Spanish fact-checking platforms belonging to the International Factchecking Network (IFCN) and the European Digital Media Observatory (EDMO). The results conclude that the use of ChatGPT presents notable ambivalences. On the one hand, there are perceived drawbacks in issues such as the transparency and reliability of sources, the scope of the data, and the format of the responses generated. However, fact-checkers also point to a possible auxiliary use of the chatbot in the tasks of gathering information, detecting falsehoods, and producing denials. The irruption of ChatGPT has a direct impact on the work routines of the fact-checkers, which can be made more difficult, reinforced or extended. Fact-checking professionals perceive themselves as “context agents” in a new ecosystem that also obliges them to further diversify their fields of action in the fight against disinformation and to accelerate the implementation of media education actions that empower citizens in the responsible use of artificial intelligence.
Преподавание английского языка на факультете фундаментальной медицины МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова: рабочие программы, учебно-методические материалы и экзаменационные требования : учебно-методическое пособие /Л.В. Полубиченко, Н.П. Глинская. – М.: «КДУ», «Добросвет», 2023. – 104 с.
Authors: Полубиченко Л.В. , Глинская Н.П.
Published: September 2023

Настоящее учебно-методическое пособие включает действующие рабочие программы по английскому языку, разработанные на кафедре английского языка для естественных факультетов факультета иностранных языков и регионоведения МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова и используемые для преподавания дисциплины «Иностранный язык (английский)» на факультете фундаментальной медицины МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова. Все программы разработаны в рамках проблемного компетентностного подхода, обеспечивают последовательность и преемственность преподавания дисциплины «Иностранный язык (английский)» по направлениям «Лечебное дело» и «Фармация» в специалитете, по направлению «Регенеративная биомедицина» в магистратуре, по направлениям «3. Медицинские науки» и «1.5. Биологические науки» в аспирантуре. Кроме того, в данное издание включены программы, определяющие порядок проведения вступительного и кандидатского экзаменов по направлениям «3. Медицинские науки» и «1.5. Биологические науки» в аспирантуре, а также дополнительные методические материалы, необходимые для оценки результатов обучения. Включенные в настоящее пособие рабочие программы соответствуют требованиям ФГОС 3++ и самостоятельно установленным МГУ образовательным стандартам (ОС МГУ) для реализуемых основных профессиональных образовательных программ высшего образования. Настоящее издание предназначено для преподавателей английского языка медицинских и фармацевтических вузов и факультетов.
Chamazulene Content and Hypoglycemic Potential of Matricaria chamomilla L. Samples Collected from Six Different Localities of Diyarbakır/Türkiye
Authors: ŞAHİN Hasan , TUNÇ Ramazan , ŞEKERCİLER SUBAŞI Fatos
Published: September 2023

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is one of the oldest and most widely known medicinal plants belonging to Asteraceae family. An artifact named chamazulene forms from the sesquiterpene structured lactones such as matricin during the hydro-distillation of flowering tops of chamomile. These compounds are associated with the anti-inflammatory potential of chamomile along with flavonoids, other sesquiterpenoids, and essential oil of the plant. However, not all M. chamomilla specimens grown in different regions or species known and used as chamomile contains sesquiterpene lactone components. Thus, chamazulene content of chamomile has become a pharmaceutical interest. A traditional and well-established indication of the plant is diabetes. Protective and beneficial effects of chamomile on diabetic complications and glycemic control have been proposed by several studies. However, the mechanism of action is yet to be elucidated. Flowering tops of chamomile samples were collected from six different localities of Diyarbakır/Türkiye. Essential oils (EOs) were obtained by hydro-distillation. Petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), methanol (Me), and infusion (INF) extracts were prepared. Qualitative analysis of the EOs resulted in no chamazulene content. Bismil district might be eligible for medicinal chamomile culture with its high essential oil yield. In-vitro hypoglycemic potentials of the extracts and EOs were evaluated by α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. All EOs and EA extracts (except M4-Bismil samples) showed the highest inhibitory activities comparable to that of standard acarbose. α-Glucosidase inhibition might be a significant mechanism of action contributing to the antidiabetic effects of chamomile.
Who to Call after the Storm?
Authors: Delaney Sara
Published: September 2023

Precipitation has increased across most of the United States over the last century. The Northeast region has seen the largest increase of ∼15 percent, predominantly from an increase in the frequency of extreme events, and these trends will continue. Commercial diversified fruit and vegetable (F&V) growers in the Northeast are among the most vulnerable to the flooding that can result from this trend. These growers, as part of broader social networks, can also be part of the process of adaptation and transformation of the regional landscape. Here, I review literature on expected precipitation changes, farmer experimentation and decision-making, the effects of flooding on agriculture and F&V systems, and the adaptation options available to and in use by growers. I draw on two case studies and highlight how these growers’ experiences complement the literature, and add context on advising needs, the challenge of prioritization, and the emotions that accompany changing rainfall patterns.
The Relationship Between Vaccine Hesitancy and Personality Traits
Authors: PARLAK Ece , ÇATAN Hanife Merve , ÜZEL Esma , KİREÇ Birkan , DEMİRCİ Hasan
Published: September 2023

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between vaccine hesitancy and personality traits. 404 volunteers between the ages of 18-65 participated in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Scale of Vaccine Hesitancy [SVH] and Big Five Inventory [BFI] were administered. The determined relationships between the SVH total scores and specific personality traits were as follows: a positive weak correlation with neuroticism scores p = 0.05; r = 0.10), a weak negative correlation with the conscientiousness scores p = 0.03; r = -0.11), and a weak negative relationship between the agreeableness scores p = 0.03; r = -0.20). The results of the T-test and ANOVA revealed that vaccine hesitancy levels differed on the basis of marital status and age [Marital Status: t(402) = 1.99; Age: p = 0.05; F(3, 400) = 3.27; p = 0.05]. According to multiple linear regression analysis, agreeableness and age variables predicted vaccine hesitancy levels [Agreeableness (ß = -.16; p = .004); Age (ß = .13; p = .02)]. The results of our study showed that personality factors are associated with vaccine hesitancy. It was reported that individuals with high neurotic personality levels have an increase in vaccine hesitancy levels. Similarly, as the agreeableness and conscientiousness scores decreased, the antivaccination levels increased We believe that our findings will be helpful in predicting the tendency of individuals to be vaccine hesitant and in determining the target group in vaccine persuasion studies