bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A teenager with life-threatening abdominal pain
Authors: Giorgia Carlone , Valerio Caracino , Iole Mancini , Alessandra Scaparrota , Daniela Trotta , Maurizio Arico
Published: August 2022

A previously healthy 17-year-old boy was admitted to our emergency department for fever, pharyngitis with cervical lymphadenopathy, abdominal pain, and vomiting for three days. On admission, he was afebrile and his vital signs were normal. Yet, following another vomiting episode, he developed another bout of abdominal pain. C-reactive protein was normal, haemoglobin 14.1 g/dl, WBC 15 x 103/µL, platelets 138 x 103/µL, AST 522 U/L, ALT 341 U/L, total bilirubin 4.75 mg/dl, with direct bilirubin 3.4 mg/dl; LDH level 689 U/L.
Strangulated internal hernia underneath right external iliac artery: A case report
Authors: Abdelilah Elbakouri , A Lamnaouer , M Bouali , K Elhattabi , F Bensardi , A Fadil
Published: August 2022

Small bowel obstruction following internal herniation under the external iliac artery after total hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection is a rare entity. We describe a case of strangulated internal hernia between the right external iliac artery and the psoas muscle as a late complication after 3 years of radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. Retroperitoneal closure may be an appropriate procedure to effectively prevent such internal hernias. the emergency CT scan was used to diagnose a flange occlusion in the context of the situation. it was only during surgical exploration that the cause of the occlusion was revealed as an internal hernia. a resection of the ischemic bowel was performed with retroperitonealization of the artery.
GRAB sensor imaging in mouse striatal slices v1
Authors: Vietti-Michelina Stefania
Published: August 2022

This protocol describes the steps to image GRAB sensors in mouse striatal slices.
Teachers without Wages: The Challenges of Tsangaya School Teachers in Kano State Nigeria
Authors: Zakiyah Jamaluddin Habibu Hayatu Babajo ,
Published: August 2022

Tsangaya teachers are the people who devoted their time, energy and resources for the free and voluntary teaching of the Holy Qur’an to the offspring of their communities in northern Nigeria. Prior to the advent of the colonial administrators in Nigeria, the Qura’nic teachers were the most respected and literate people among the society, and earned reasonable financial remunerations from the traditional rulers and the general populace. But after the forceful conquering of the traditional kingdoms by the British colonialist, the Qura’nic knowledge and the teachers were relegated, and all financial benefits to the Qura’nic schools were cut off, which left them with no option, then to find their fate on the streets. The aim of this paper is to explore the difficult condition of the free services the Tsangaya teachers are rendering to the society. A qualitative method was used to conduct the research, where three schools were purposively selected, one from each of the three senatorial districts of Kano state. The population includes 11 participants which are; 3 Almajiri teachers, three Almajiri parents, three people living with Almajiris, and two government officials. Primary information was sourced through face-face interview strategy, and the result was analysed through the Nvivo10 software application. Findings discovered that the teachers do not get any salary from the government, and the parents usually send their children to the school, to live from elementary level until graduation without paying school fees, rather, the teachers survive through the daily house-house and street begging of money and food by their pupils.
Lecturers’ And Students’ Acceptance Of Using Technology-Based Teaching AIDS (TTAs) When Teaching Ulum Hadith During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mohd. Nizho Abdul Rahman Khalilullah Amin Ahmad , Solahuddin Abdul Hamid ,
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 Pandemic poses new challenges to those who intend to adopt a new teaching norm based on online learning. Some of the mediums involved in technology-based teaching aids (TTAs) are Google Meet, Google Classroom, Zoom Meetings, Microsoft Teams and Webex Meeting by CISCO. This study aims to examine the acceptance of lecturers and students on the use of TTAs during the Ulum Hadith course at several Institutes of Higher Learning (IHL) in Northern Malaysia. This qualitative design study only examined the implementation of online learning involving the Ulum Hadith course. Data were collected through interviews, observations and document analysis. The study sample comprised 13 lecturers, who acted as the main informants and 18 students from three IHL pursuing the Ulum Hadith course. Findings indicate a variety of TTAs were used during the teaching and learning sessions in order to attract the attention and active involvement of students during the pursuit of the Ulum Hadith course. Lecturers and students had a positive outlook towards TTA based on the increased frequency of TTAs used during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before that period. Hence, it is suggested that lecturers should frequently update themselves on the latest developments in TTA so that the learning process occurs smoothly even though the world is presently faced with some challenging circumstances.
Evaluation Of Educator’s Functional Training Program Of Teaching And Learning Studio (SKB) At Learning Activity Development Center (BPKB) Of West Sumatra
Authors: Elmizar, Ambiyar , Unung Verawardina Fahmi Rizal , Tee Tze Kiong ,
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to evaluate the implementation of functional training to SKB’s community educators program carried out in BPKB of West Sumatera. Primarily related to context, input, process, product of functional training to SKB’s community educators program so that there aren’t improved of productivity result of training enhanced qualitatively. This research was an evaluation research using qualitative approach. The evaluation model being adopted here was CIPP model. The research data was gathered from 30 SKB community educators who were trained in the BPKB of West Sumatera Indonesia., the head of SKB in 19 districts/cities and trainers. The data were collected using enquette, observation, interview and documentation. Research finding to context evaluation of functional training to SKB’s community educators is considered to be good, 44,32% stated  that the context evaluation of the training was good. In another hand, 50% stated that the input evaluation of the training was good. Process evaluation of functional training to SKB’s community educators was considered to be good with 50% stated that the process evaluation of the training was good. 63,33%  stated that product evaluation of the training was good. The Evaluation of the functional training carried out by BPKB of West Sumatera have been implemented and have been going well.
Predictor Of Multiple Intelligence In Educational Practice
Authors: , Erlina Sari Siregar Hasanuddin , Salamiah Sari Dewi
Published: August 2022

The goal of this study was to put each thinking style's predictions on multiple intelligences to the test. Participants are Medan City teachers who were randomly assigned to a sample (n=810) multiple intelligence scale from Gardner (1983) totalling 63 items with a range of 5 scales and a thinking style questionnaire using the Sternberg-Wagner Self-Assessment Inventor from Sternberg (2009) totalling 65 items with a range of 5 scale ranges. Only six of the eight intelligences, such as Interpersonal, Visual-spatial, Bodily-kinaesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic-verbal, musical-rhythmic, and harmonic, can be predicted using thinking styles, according to the findings. Meanwhile, in this study, no thinking style can predict intrapersonal or natural. The research findings explain specific thinking styles.
Exploring The Knowledge And Experience Of Childhood Education Teachers On Steam Education In Indonesia
Authors: Sit Masganti
Published: August 2022

This study investigates early childhood teachers' knowledge and experiences with STEAM education after participating in STEAM learning training in professional education in Indonesia. The research participants were 51 teachers who had completed professional education and worked in raudhatul athfal, or Islamic kindergartens. Participants completed a test consisting of thirteen knowledge items in the form of closed questions and group interviews to describe teachers' experiences implementing STEAM education. The findings show that after attending training, teachers' knowledge of STEAM education increases, and teachers have experience in selecting the best method, affordable media, and collaborating with material experts in STEAM learning. Teachers also stated that they required the availability of learning media and learning collaborators. Despite having received professional education, the majority of early childhood education teachers in Indonesia require the availability of media and collaborators in STEAM education, according to the findings of this study. The implications and recommendations for the future are also discussed.
How does COVID-19 fear affect job insecurity and stress for hospitality employees? A moderated mediation model for age and financial status
Authors:   University of Alanya Aladdin Keykubat, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social  Sciences, Türkiye, Unguren Engin , Arslan Serdar ,   University of Alanya Aladdin Keykubat, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Türkiye
Published: August 2022

This study aims to understand the integrated effect of COVID-19 fear, age, financial situation, and job insecurity on the perceived stress of employees of five-star hotels during the COVID-19 pandemic by proposing a moderated mediation model. A survey was administered to 631 hotel employees working in 22 different five-star hotels in Alanya, Turkey. Moderator, mediation, and moderated mediation relationships were tested with the SPSS macro PROCESS. It was found that COVID-19 fear has both direct and interactive effects on stress and job insecurity, and the indirect effect of COVID-19 fear on stress through job insecurity varies according to the age of the employees and their financial status. The results, which contribute to a better understanding of the effects of COVID-19 on hospitality employees, point out the importance of financial support (organisational and governmental) and transparent communication between the management and employees in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It is also suggested that hotels should review their unpaid leave policies. The limitations of the study are discussed at the end
Prospect of food bolus obstruction in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Naqvi Raheel Hussan , Gupta Aaina , Khokher Bhanu , Dhar Surbhi , Gupta Shaarang
Published: August 2022

Background: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common general surgical emergency usually caused by adhesions, bands or hernias. Food bolus impaction or bezoars remain an uncommon cause, albeit well reported in literature. The objective was to outline the frequency, demographic features, etiopathogenesis and management patterns of acute SBO due to ingested food bolus.Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted whereby patients admitted to the surgical emergency of the associated hospital of Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India as cases of acute SBO, who underwent laparotomy, over a period extending from August 2020 to June 2022 were selected and their records reviewed for history of ingestion/intra-operative finding of food bolus obstruction. Demographic, etiological and management patterns were noted. Descriptive analysis was done using Jamovi (version 1.6) (computer software).Results: A total of 100 patients of food bolus obstruction were admitted and operated upon during the study period with a median age of 14 years, with 40% patients belonging to 11 to 20 years age group, with a male to female ratio of 3:1. Majority belonged to rural areas (86%). 97% cases were due to ingestion of date plum or persimmons (vernacular: “amlook”). Ileum was the most common site of impaction (63%). 90% cases were managed by fragmentation of bolus and milking of gut, whereas enterotomy and resection-anastomosis were performed in 5 patients each.Conclusions: Food bolus obstruction especially due to phytobezoars of Diospyros lotus (date plum or “Amlook”) is often encountered in our setup, especially in rural populations, predominantly affecting male children and adolescents.
Intestinal arteriovenous malformations: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Authors: Bhat Lakshminarayan S. , Bharathy Kishore G. S. , Sikora Sadiq S.
Published: August 2022

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the intestine are rare causes of gastrointestinal bleeding. Diagnosis depends upon accurate interpretation of imaging features and histopathology to differentiate them from other vascular malformations. Presentation of colonic AVM with mucous diarrhea and pain is rare and poses diagnostic challenges. Usually, patients presenting with bleed need surgical intervention. The current report discussed one patient with chronic liver disease, extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis with small bowel AVM and two patients with colonic AVM, highlighting management strategies adopted.
Wide excision and reconstruction with free vascularized fibula for aggressive giant cell tumor of distal 3rd tibia
Authors: Bal Prasanta Kumar , Behera Syama Sundar , Sahoo Tapan Kumar , Nayak Bibhuti Bhusan , Sarangi Ashok Kumar , Sarangi Anshuman
Published: August 2022

Giant cell tumor (GCT) at distal end of tibia is relatively a rare site of occurrence. We presented our experience with extensive excision and reconstruction for GCT of distal tibia using a free vascular double strut/single strut fibula graft. The present case series was conducted on six patients of GCT at lower end of tibia who were treated with extensive excision and reconstruction either in index (n=4) or recurrence (n=2) settings. Four patients were male and 2 were female. The mean age was 26.5 years. The average length of bone defect after tumor excision was 7.4 cm. The range of movement at ankle joint up to 70% of normal opposite side achieved in 2 cases and arthrodesis of ankle joint done in rest 4 cases (2 recurrent and 2 index cases). In GCT treatment, in spite of reconstruction difficulty for bony defect of lower end tibia due to its weight bearing property, vascularized free fibula graft has advantages like allows wide excision of tumor, single stage procedure, early weight bearing capacity in young patients and no bone resorption but bone thickening.
Delayed presentation to regional hospital of gallstone ileus
Authors: Nicol Alice V. , Ng Jessica Y. S. , Colbran Rachel
Published: August 2022

Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction accounting for less than 1% of obstructions and results from the migration and impaction of a gallstone within the gastrointestinal tract. It is a rare complication of cholelithiasis seen in as little as 0.3% of patients. Morbidity associated with gallstone ileus has been reported as up to 27% and mortality rate has been reported at rates ranging from 7% to 30%, this is attributed to advanced age, and delay to presentation at treatment. An 86-year old male who presented to a rural hospital with signs and symptoms consistent with small bowel obstruction and imaging demonstrating features consistent with gallstone ileus. Diagnosis was made on computed tomography (CT) of a small bowel obstruction secondary to a large impacted gallstone. Our case highlights the ongoing utility and diagnostic value of abdominal X-ray, particularly in rural facilities with limited resources. The case also highlighted the approach of laparoscopic assisted removal of gallstone alone in medically comorbid patients, in rural facilities and particularly in the elderly population who may not be fit for longer initial surgical procedures or subsequent procedures to close choledochoduodenal fistula.
A case report of lumbar hernia
Authors: Sachar Rupali Kaur , Rao Hemshankar , Yadav Sunita , D. Apurva
Published: August 2022

Lumbar hernia is one of the rare cases that most surgeons are not exposed to. Hence the diagnosis can be easily missed. This leads to delay in the treatment causing increased morbidity. We report a case of lumbar hernia in a middle-aged man. Clinical and MRI findings were correlated to reach the diagnosis. We also highlighted the types, the process of diagnosis and the surgical repair of lumbar hernias.
A case of acute gangrenous cholecystitis in an ectopic left sided gallbladder: a challenging laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Barman Seema , Kamat Manmohan , Sharma Varsha , Sathyan Jeena , Shetye Shravani
Published: August 2022

Left sided gallbladder is a rare entity and can be associated with other anomalies of portal vein and biliary system. It can be dangerous as it can create clinical confusion and hence radiological identification with the help of CT scan or USG is of great importance. A 60 years old lady, presented with pain and tenderness in the epigastrium and right hypochondrium, on USG got diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. Intra operatively she was found to have a gangrenous left sided ectopic gallbladder (GB). The incidence of ectopic GB is only 0.1-0.7% and can be found in wide range of locations including the lesser omentum, the retro-duodenal area, falciform ligament, abdominal wall muscles. Mal-positioning of the gallbladder can confound presenting signs and symptoms of the disease creating technical problems during surgical procedures and hence it is advised to always resect it out whenever diagnosed.
Type VI B choledochal cyst: a rare entity
Authors: Joshi Sampada V. , Bakhshi Girish D. , Sable Chandrakant , Dutt Aishwarya S. , Baligar Sushrut S. , Jha Madhu Kumari
Published: August 2022

Choledochal cysts (CDC) are congenital dilatations of extra hepatic biliary system with or without involving intrahepatic bile ducts. Traditionally classified into five types with emerging type VI, involving dilatation of cystic duct, which is the rarest. It is seen in middle-aged females. Most are symptomatic with common symptom being abdominal pain. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is diagnostic. Surgical treatments range from cholecystectomy to Roux en Y hepaticojejunostomy. They are at a risk of malignant transformation. Hence should be looked for when encountered with congenital biliary system anomalies. We presented a case of a young male with type VI B CDC and its management. A brief case report with review of literature is presented.
Management of cholecystocolonic fistula: a rare case report
Authors: Kumar Davinder , Goyal Durgesh , Singh Prabjhot , Bhukal Ritu , Singla Anjali
Published: August 2022

Cholecystocolonic fistula is a rare condition usually found intraoperatively if not managed may lead to serious consequences. In this case report we described a case of a 52-year-old female who was following in outpatient department (OPD) for epigastric hernia found to have cholecystocolonic fistula which was managed operatively with cholecystectomy with excision of fistula with primary repair of colon. The patient had an uneventful recovery.
Post cholecystectomy bile duct injury: a surgeon’s nightmare
Authors: Sharma Digvijoy
Published: August 2022

Bile duct injury constitutes a major proportion of morbidity associated with cholecystectomy (laparoscopic>open). It has a lot of impact on patient health and subsequent medico-legal repercussions. Anatomical aberrations in the Calot's triangle anatomy is more common than meets the eye. A thorough understanding of anatomy, identification of the variant structures, Use of intraoperative cholangiogram and low threshold for conversion to open procedure could prove life-saving in many cases. Optimal timing of intervention has to be planned once the type of injury is identified. Minor leaks are usually managed with endoscopic interventions. More proximal leaks and complete transaction of bile duct usually require Roux En Y hepaticojejunostomy. The principal is to ensure complete drainage of all segments and prevention of sepsis. More grave scenarios like concomitant vascular injury, segmental atrophy and secondary biliary cirrhosis require referral to a tertiary centre and subsequent multidisciplinary approach. The aim of the study was to establish the true incidence, classification and management of bile duct injuries that could be life - saving in a few cases and career- saving in many others.
A critical study of the difference in general health between physically active and inactive people: secondary data analysis and report
Authors: Thiha Nay , Soe Pa Pa , Babin Francois Xavier , Delerome Louis , Win Hla Hla , Clevenbergh Philippe
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based information on the difference in the general health of physically active and inactive people considering their physical and mental health and quality of life.Methods: This study report was prepared using the dataset from the survey of health, ageing, and retirement in Europe (SHARE) after completing three registration steps for data access at http://www.share-project.org. The dataset included 77,261 participants, all persons 50 years and above from 28 European countries. SHARE data collection of wave 7 took place in European countries in 2017.Results: In this study, there was a statistically significant difference in general health between people who are physically active and inactive, considering their mental health (depression, suicidality, sleep, and irritability, fatigue, and concentration levels), physical health (BMI), quality of life, and grip strength. The adjusted odds ratio showed a significant difference between the physical activities regarding depression, suicidality, fatigue, concentration, maximum grip, BMI, and quality of life. Sleep and irritability have no significant impact after adjusting the confounders such as max grip, quality of life, general awareness, and BMI.Conclusions: The study results support the research hypothesis that there is a statistically significant difference in general health between physically active and inactive people considering their mental health. The results confirm that unsound mental health, unhealthy weight, and poor grip strength were significantly higher among physically inactive people.
COVID-19 pandemic afflicts lifestyle and dietary habits of female university students
Authors: Khattab Rabie , Al-Alwy Shimaa , Al-Ateeq Taef , Al-Hwiesh Reema , Al-Saeed Batool , Al-Tuwairish Mezoun , Al-Rubaian Sadeem , Goja Arafat , Al-Otaishan Sara , Purayidathil Tunny , Abuzaid Omar
Published: August 2022

Background: Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered a profound effect on all aspects of society, including mental and physical health in Saudi Arabia and over the globe. The pandemic has put a spotlight on the important role of nutrition in supporting the immune system relative to viral infections. The application of physical separation was the main scale used worldwide to fight COVID-19. Unavoidable nationwide cultural intercessions, such as lockdown, curfew and quarantine, imposed by the governments, resulted in unexpected outcomes such as financial difficulties, economic burden, changes in lifestyle and dietary habits, and the breakdown of psychosocial and metabolic well-being.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle and dietary habits among female university students in Saudi Arabia. Three hundred (300) participants aged 18-25 years were randomly recruited using convenient sampling. A structured self-administrated online questionnaire was used to collect the information on lifestyle, physical activity, health history and dietary habits. We hypothesized that the pandemic and its consequent restriction measures would adversely impact the lifestyle and dietary habits of students.Results: There was a significant association between lockdown and weight gain (p<0.001) with 65% of participants reporting 5-11 kg weight gain during the pandemic. Lifestyle change, availability of food at home and stress/anxiety due to COVID-19 were the most common factors reported for weight gain (47%, 29% and 19%, respectively). A significant association (p<0.001) was found between screen time and COVID-19 lockdown with more than 10 hours spent in front of screens. Similarly, a significant change (p<0.001) was reported in food consumption and dietary behaviour during COVID-19. Most participants consumed home-made food (94%) while only 4% consumed foods from outside and 2% consumed fast food from restaurants.Conclusions: COVID-19 had a negative impact on lifestyle changes, dietary habits and physical activity, which was associated with significant weight gain among Saudi university students. This effect is attributed to the restriction measures that decreased the physical activity, and the psychological aspects that affected the quality and quantity of food consumed. Increasing awareness, healthy dietary plans and physical activity are highly recommended during the pandemic.
Prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in newly diagnosed HIV patients: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Majumdar Chirantan , Sarkar Sourav , Ghosh Shaoli , Kamble Bhushan Dattatray
Published: August 2022

Background: The prevalence of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is 8.5% in India. G6PD deficient individual have different outcomes with certain drugs and result in unexpected events that could be even fatal. HIV affected individuals with G6PD deficient have inherently worse outcomes when they start on those drugs that precipitate the condition. We aimed to study the level of G6PD and its deficiency status among the newly diagnosed HIV patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study among the newly diagnosed HIV patients was conducted at a tertiary hospital, Kolkata. All the eligible participants (n=100) were recruited consecutively after obtaining the consent. The details on socio-demography, clinical history and investigations were extracted from them. The data were analysed using the appropriate statistical methods.Results: Out of 100 newly HIV diagnosed participants, the prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 12% (95% CI: 5.6- 18.3%). Participants belonging to tribal population, with familial history of haemolytic disease, history of haemolysis, and increased LDH levels were significantly associated with the deficient G6PD levels among the study participants. Conclusions: The prevalence of G6PD deficiency was high among the newly diagnosed HIV study population. Tribal population and familial history of haemolytic disorders had high number of deficiency and need to be screened for better clinical care.
Psychological distress in post COVID-19 patients
Authors: Shah Riddhi Nilesh , Nagarwala Raziya , Dabadghav Rachana
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19 disease is highly contagious and transmission rates are very high. In any biological disaster like this, fear, uncertainty, and stigmatization are common. Even after discharge, they may suffer from varying degrees of long-term mental health problems mainly due to isolation. Physiotherapists play an important role in the rehabilitative phase of these. Therefore, the need of this study is to understand the psychological impact caused because of the COVID-19 disease and take this into consideration while treating the patients so that the rehabilitation protocol is effective maximally.Methods: Permission was taken from the ethical committee before beginning the research. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were selected as per voluntary enrolment. A validated self-made questionnaire was forwarded and response was obtained from 167 subjects. Descriptive data analysis was done.Results: After suffering from COVID-19 disease, out of the 167 participants that were a part of this study 35.3% had sleeping disturbances, 29.3% had a poor appetite, 34.7% feel gloomy and hopeless for no reason, 45.5% have trouble relaxing, 43.1% can’t stop worrying, 53.3% experience negative thoughts, 57.5% report decreased job efficiency, 37.1% feel afraid that something awful might happen, 32.9% feel anxious for no reason, and 26.9% complain of reduced concentration. The mean age of population of this study was 30 with a standard deviation of 12.27.Conclusions: The study suggested the presence of psychological distress among the COVID-19 survivors. Post-illness stress and depression are highly prevalent among COVID-19 survivors.
Correlation between BMI and hand grip strength among healthy young adults of Uttarakhand
Authors: Prakash Ved , Jain Nidhi , Singh Kavita , Dar Mohd Abbas
Published: August 2022

Background: Sedentary people who were not actively participating in sports have demonstrated significantly lower HSG compared to physically active people that involved in regular sports activity such as cricket, hockey, tennis, basketball, handball, etc. Therefore, HGS can be used to indicate the sedentary nature of a population, and it would help to predict their potential risk of developing non-communicable diseases such as Myocardial infarction and stroke.Methods: This study was conducted to establish the possible correlation (if any) between body mass index and handgrip strength and endurance among young healthy adults at the city of Dehradun in the region of Uttarakhand.Results: While in females there was statistically non-significant positive correlation between HGS and BMI in normal females. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed in overweight and obese females. When HE was correlated with BMI, it was observed that there was non-significant negative correlation in males.Conclusions: Physical fitness is very much essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Handgrip strength and endurance are important parameters to assess muscular strength of an individual. As the weight increases muscle strength and endurance time also decreases as shown by our study. BMI is considered as a useful tool to measure the degree of overweight, but it will not indicate the factors causing the increase in weight
Perception and attitude of COVID-19 health workers and their family members
Authors: Joshi Nitin Kumar , Suthar Praveen , Jain Yogesh Kumar , Bhardwaj Pankaj
Published: August 2022

Background: Work and family environment play important role in coping with stressful conditions due to COVID-19. This study was conducted to identify the perception and attitude of health workers engaged in management of COVID-19 along with the family members.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at tertiary care center through a self-administered online survey among health worker engaged in management of COVID-19 and with their family members.  Data through Google forms were collected from 150 participants who consented to participate in the study. The study guaranteed anonymity and consent was sought from participant prior to participation.Results: A total 150 participants surveyed, out of them 75 [42 (56.2%) females and 33 (43.8%) males] were healthcare workers and 75 [38 (50.7%) females and 37 (49.3%) males] were family members. Around 50% of healthcare workers agreed that they were facing interference in daily routine as a result of involvement in COVID-19 related duties and 31% were afraid that they might get COVID-19 infection as result of current posting or duties. Around 35% of family members agreed that their other family members will also get COVID-19 infection because COVID-19 posting. Comparative mean perception towards healthcare workers and their family members showed non-significant difference (t=0.0739; p=0.4714).Conclusions: This study illustrated the concerns of health workers engaged in COVID-19 management and their family members. Strategies for providing health education and necessary support for plummeting perception of the fear of infection can be planned for improving phycological and social wellbeing of HCW and their family members.
A cross sectional study on morbidities pattern among the low birth weight infants in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Karnataka
Authors: Kambale Shambhulinga , Babu P. Subhas , Goud Bhoompuram Nagaraja , Harish Bekkalale Rudresh
Published: August 2022

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is an important known risk factor associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality. LBW infants are at risk of growth impairment and poor cognitive development. The reduction of LBW is an important contribution to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for reducing child mortality. Objective was to determine the morbidity pattern among the low birth weight infants in the rural field practice area of Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year in the rural field practice area of Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS), Mandya. Using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire, data was collected by interviewing parents/ caregivers of infants at their homes. Data was collected from households of 166 infants by house to house visit after obtaining informed consent. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics like chi-square test were used for analysis of the data.Results: The common morbidity among LBW infants were acute respiratory infections (18.7%) and fever (12.5%). Most of the LBW infants had delayed vaccination (50%) and developmental milestones as compared to that of the normal birth weight infants.Conclusions: Acute respiratory infections (18.7%) and fever (12.5%) were the common morbidities among the infants. Delayed vaccination (50%) and delayed developmental milestones were common among LBW infants. Health care services should be strengthened in rural area to reduce the morbidities among the LBW infants.
An observational study to determine prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant mothers of rural and urban health centres in Panvel block of Maharashtra
Authors: Raut Sonal , Wadke Rishikesh , Srinivas C. S.
Published: August 2022

Background: Severe deficiency of vitamin D3 leads to increased risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm labour, and reduced bone mineral density in mother as well as child. Objectives were to know prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant mothers and to understand rural urban difference in vitamin D3 levels.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was done on data of 1100 pregnant mothers coming to ANC clinics at Rural and urban health centres, of Panvel block, Maharashtra, for Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D using venous blood samples. The duration of study was from June 2019 to December 2021.Two study groups were made rural and urban. Statistical software’s like Excel, SPSS were used.Results: Fifty five per cent pregnant mothers were from rural and 45% from urban settings. Study revealed that in rural study group 16% were grossly deficient, and 69% had insufficient levels. In urban group15% had deficient and 70% had insufficient levels of Vitamin D3. An overall inadequacy of 85% was found at the end of study. Out of the total study population 26% of pregnant mothers were in first and third trimester and 48%in second trimester. No relationship was established in vitamin D3 levels and demographic settings or gestational age.Conclusions: In India vitamin D3 supplementation is not part of antenatal care, but seeing the high prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency, which indicate an on-going hidden epidemic, prophylactic vitamin D3 supplementation can be thought of in national health programs like RMNCH+A.
Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine booster among general population of India: an online cross sectional study
Authors: . Priyanka , Panda Manasi , Kishore Jugal
Published: August 2022

Background: Booster dose for COVID-19 vaccine is being administered by many countries and has recently been started by India for special groups. Hence, it is important to understand the willingness of people to receive the booster dose and factors associated with it.Methods: The present study was a community based Online Cross-sectional study done by using internet based social media applications for a period of 10 days from 6th January to 15th January 2022.Results: Out of which 70.6% were willing to receive the booster, 7.6% were not willing and 21.8% were undecided. Reasons for willingness were the belief to boost immunity (61.3%), protection from new variants (45.9%), reduced severity of infection (43.2%) or hospitalization (42.8%).Conclusions: The main reasons for unwillingness were, being unsure about its benefits (59.7%), fear of side effects (26.5%) and no trust on vaccine for protection against new variants (26.5%). People with higher education, history of COVID-19 infection or hospitalization among family and those perceiving more severe infections by new variants were more willing to get the booster.
Internalized stigma and quality of life among recipients of a rural community mental health program in southern Karnataka, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: George Neethu , Pradeep Johnson , Goud Ramakrishna B.
Published: August 2022

Background: In the field of mental health the role of adherence to medications is an important concept. One of the important reasons to be non-adherent to medications is the presence of stigma among mentally ill patients. The objectives of this study were to measure stigma to mental illness and quality of life among the enrolled patients in a community mental health program.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 persons registered under a rural mental health program selected by consecutive sampling. A questionnaire capturing information on socio-demography, stigma using Internalized stigma of mental illness (ISMI), and quality of life using WHO-BREF QOL questionnaire was used.Results: In study 8 (2.7%) of the study, subjects were suffering from moderate stigma. Factors like gender, type of family, and marital status were significantly associated with total stigma. Quality of life domains was also positively associated with education, occupation, marital status, and socioeconomic status.Conclusions: The study showed minimal existence of stigma and lower mean scores in quality-of-life domains.
Association between self-reported medication adherence and virologic outcome among human immuno-deficiency virus positive adults accessing care at a tertiary treatment centre in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Owhonda Golden , Luke Anwuri
Published: August 2022

Medication adherence reduces the risk of resistance to antiretroviral therapy. The frequently applied methods in measuring medication adherence are self-reported adherence and viral load monitoring. However, due to the backdrop of recall bias and overestimation of outcomes associated with self-reported adherence, viral load monitoring may be a better measure. This study assessed the association between medication adherence and virologic outcome among human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) positive adults accessing care at a treatment centre in Rivers State, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study employed the systematic sampling technique to select eligible HIV-positive adults accessing care at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between September 2022 to November 2022. Data were collected using a validated 3-item structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with statistical package for social science (SPSS) version-26. Pearson’s Chi-square was used to test for associations at a significance level of p<0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. Confounding variables were controlled by stratifying into gender groups. 1600 participants were recruited; males (800), and females (800) with a mean age and standard deviation; males (44.53±10.50), and females (40.58±9.34). The mean self-reported optimal adherence levels were; male (98.7±6.4), and female (97.3±10.0) at p<0.001. The virologic suppression levels were; male (89.5%), and female (89.6%). The association between self-reported adherence and virologic outcome; female (90.0%, p=0.268) and male group (89.7%, p=0.485). Self-reported adherence was not associated with virologic outcomes between gender groups. Hence, viral load monitoring is recommended as a standalone method of assessing medication adherence due to its additional advantage of measuring progress toward virologic suppression.
Social Risks and Negative Consequences of Diffusion of Artificial Intelligence Technologies
Authors: Aleshkovski Ivan
Published: August 2022

The article concentrates on the study of social risks and consequences of a widespread introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. On the basis of profound interviews conducted with Russian IT-specialists and experts in the field of development and introduction of neural networks authors single out such social risks and negative effects of the widespread implementation of AI technologies as rise of structural unemployment level, increase in economic injustice, growth in cybercrime and cyber threats, fall in the efficiency of human capital investments, decrease in privacy. An ethical component of AI causes particular concern. The conducted research proves that along with advantages and benefits the widespread usage of AI technologies engenders new threats. Thus, assessment of negative consequences of AI technologies and management of emerging social risks are a topical scientific issue nowadays.
“Our Provincial Life Has Its Shady Sides...”: the Conflict over the “New Direction” in Sverdlovsk in the Correspondence of V. Y. Krivonogov and N. M. Druzhinin
Authors: Kiselev Mikhail
Published: August 2022

The publication in 1973 in “Uralsky Rabochiy” of an article by the Sverdlovsk historians F. P. Bystrykh (1902—1976) and V. Y. Krivonogov (1911—1977), in which they severely criticized the collection “Questions of the History of Capitalist Russia. Problems of Multiformity” (1972), was one of the important events connected with the defeat of the so-called “new direction” in Soviet historical science. Historiographers analysing the publication of Bystrykh and Krivonogov establish their motivation primarily by external circumstances. In the present article we propose to turn to the study of ego-documents for the reconstruction of personal motives that may have led a Soviet historian to address the ideological criticism of his academic opponents as well as to identify new circumstances in the history of relations between historians in Sverdlovsk in the 1950s and early 1970s which led to the conflict over the “new direction”. For this purpose, the article analyzes the extensive set of letters from Krivonogov to his teacher Academician N. M. Druzhinin (1886—1986) found in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
“And Who Are the Experts?”: the 300th Anniversary of Ukraine’s “Reunion with Russia” in Soviet Historical Politics of the Mid-1950s
Authors: Lazarev Yakov
Published: August 2022

The paper analyzes the importance of expert knowledge in the formation of a “negative” version of the “reunification” of Ukraine with Russia, which was legitimized during the preparation for the 300th anniversary of the Pereyaslav Rada. The author shows that in the implementation of the historical policy to perpetuate this event the party leadership was dependent on the expert opinion of “recognized” representatives of the scientific community, who were mainly concentrated in the structures of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In the mid-1950s A. M. Pankratova occupied the key position within this community. The combination of Pankratova’s own views on Ukrainian history, her connections and disposition toward Ukrainian historians led to the “closure” of discussions aimed not only at scientific but also public revision of the Ukrainian national narrative in its Soviet version. All this had an important impact on the monopolization of research on Ukrainian history by Ukrainian academic historians. The consequence was the continuation of the reproduction of romanticized ideas about the Cossack statehood and the negative role of the Russian state in its development.
“Russian Name” and “Russian Prestige” as Categories of Perception and Comprehension of Russian Policy in Iran in the 19th — Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Larin Andrey
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the concepts of “Russian name”, “Russian prestige”, “dignity of Russia”, etc., which are significant for the discourse of Russian policy in Qajar Iran. It is shown that these categories were used in the formulation of political agenda in the Iranian direction during the “long 19th century”. The need to maintain the “prestige” of Russia, the high status of the “Russian name” is becoming an important element of both understanding Russia’s policy in Persia and motivating certain decisions. Special attention is paid to those advantages (both real or imagined), which, in the perception of contemporaries, entailed the maintenance of the high status of the “Russian name” in Persia.
The Ideology of Colonization: Metamorphoses of the Colonial Question in the Political Philosophy of Alexis de Tocqueville
Authors: Mirzekhanov Velikhan
Published: August 2022

In this article the evolution of views on the empire, colonies and colonization by Alexis de Tocqueville, the outstanding French liberal thinker of the 19th century, are analyzed. It was shown that in the process of expanding the scale of the colonization of the 19th century Tocqueville, like many other French thinkers, began to defend and justify colonial domination, trying to justify colonial policy in every possible way and try to give it legitimacy. Although Tocqueville was fully aware of the vices of colonization, he was ready to defend it. He believed that the French nation could not afford not to be the dominant colonial power. Justifying the expansion of the French empire, he believed that the colonial project could contribute to the political unification of the French, and at the same time he feared that France would lose its position and its international reputation, lagging behind Great Britain in the annexation of overseas possessions. Tocqueville’s ideas about progress and the understanding of progress were fairly typical of nineteenth-century European thinkers. In 19th century Europe as a rule, attempts to justify colonization were combined with a linear theory of progress and a belief in the superiority of Europeans over other worlds.
Towards the History of Perception of György Lukács’ Work in the USSR on the Base of Correspondence from the Late 1940s to the 1960s
Authors: Stykalin Aleksander
Published: August 2022

György Lukács (1885—1971), who after a long spiritual quest came to Marxism in the late 1910s, left his mark on the history of European thought in the 20th century as a major philosopher and literary critic, whose most important works of different decades (“History and class consciousness”, “Young Hegel”, “The originality of the aesthetic”, etc.) caused a wide international response. This publication focuses on the lifetime perception of Lukacs’ work in the USSR in the mirror of his correspondence from the second half of the 1940s to the end of the 1960s. Although Lukacs returned to his native Budapest in 1945, he was well remembered in the USSR as a person who spent a long time in Soviet emigration (1930—1931, 1933—1945) and actively participated in literary and philosophical life. The discussion of the late 1930s, initiated by his work “On the History of Realism”, was especially memorable for the Soviet humanitarian intelligentsia.