bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Wallace tree multiplier circuit using high performance and low power full adder
Authors: Leela S. Naga , Manisha Boppa , Bharath Palle , Praneeth Erram
Published: June 2023

The act of multiplying includes adding partial products repeatedly, and conventional multipliers call for many adders to perform partial product addition in higher order multiplication. A multiplier’s effectiveness and efficiency are evaluated using parameters such as speed, time delay, area, Power Delay Product (PDP), accuracy, and power consumption. In order to choose the optimum multiplier, this project is to evaluate various multipliers their performance metrics. Then, suggests employing a hybrid technology-based adder to improve the performance of the selected multiplier. The power consumption of the multiplier can be significantly reduced while maintaining the required accuracy by using a hybrid technology-based adder and low power full adders. This will allow multipliers to be used in low-power applications where power consumption is a major concern. To summarize, the goal of this project is to design and compare different multipliers using H-spice coding, as well as to improve the performance of the chosen. This project used 4x4 multiplier evaluation using 32nm technology.
A Chabot Supported Secured Portal for Affordable Artificial Limbs
Authors: Chythanya N. Krishna , Tanusha D. , Rishitha Y. Hema , Pooja M. , Anitha N.
Published: June 2023

In the last few years, there has been much demand for artificial limbs. Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India has announced that 42 million people require artificial limbs. There are 12 million people who are suffering from limb loss and 40,000 amputations are performed in a year in India. The New Indian Express has published in 2022 that, approximately 25 leg amputations are performed each day in Kerala. The demand for artificial limbs has also raised issues such as, will the products be delivered fast, are they cost efficient, and whether customized products are available. Protecting the buyer’s credentials and answering to their queries is essential. So, in order to overcome these issues, this research aims to build a website which acts as an intermediate between the buyers and manufacturers. The website is a one-step solution for the buyers where they can identify different manufactures by securing their data. Buyer’s privacy can be achieved by safe-guarding all the passwords using SHA-256 algorithm. The chatbot can be used as a user-friendly mode to clarify the buyer’s doubts about the products. Review and rating about the products are also described to achieve customer’s belief.
Tensile And Formability Studies on AISI310 Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Satyanarayana Kosaraju , Baloji Dharavath , Reddy Borrolla Siddartha , Rahul Kuduru , Sai Mada Gowtham , Kolli Murahari , Gatea M. Abdulfadhil , Dutt Sharma Harish
Published: June 2023

Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium, and, occasionally, nickel and other metals that resists corrosion. Metal is made into thin, flat pieces through an industrial process called sheet metal. One of the fundamental shapes used in metalworking, it can be cut and bent into many other shapes. Metal sheet is used to create a vast array of common items. The aim of the current work is to examine the 310 austenitic stainless steel’s formability at room temperature with different strain rates (i.e 0.1&0.01mm/s). The study’s outcomes were achieved through the utilization of the Nakazima test during stretch forming. Before performing formability test, The mechanical properties of a high-strength stainless steel AISI 310 were examined by conducting tensile tests at room temperature with 0.1,0.01mm/s strain rates. The failure modes, stress-strain curves of all the test specimens were obtained and analyzed. In the current experiment, the stretch forming of different shaped metal was tested in servo electric hot forming machine with different strain rates i.e, (0.1,0.01) at room temperature and plotted forming limit diagrams based on the results. Then simulations of the experiments were performed in LS-dyna software and compared with the practical experiment results.
Density based smart traffic control system using canny edge detection algorithm along with object detection
Authors: Ledalla Sukanya , Gurram Vijendar Reddy , P Gopala Krishna , Vodnala Saiteja , Md Maroof , Annapuredddy Raviteja Reddy
Published: June 2023

It is urgently necessary to combine current advancements to work on the cutting edge inrush hour jam the executives, as urban congestion is one of the world’s biggest concerns. Existing methodologies, for example, traffic police and traffic lights are neither fulfilling nor viable. Consequently, a traffic management system that utilizes sophisticated edge detection and digital image processing to measure vehicle density in real time is developed in this setting. Computerizedimage processing should be used to detect edges. To extract significant traffic data from CCTV images, the edge recognition method is required. The astute edge finder outperforms other processes in terms of accuracy, entropy, PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio), MSE (mean square error), and execution time. There are a number of possible edge recognition calculations. In terms of reaction time, vehicle the board, mechanization, dependability, and overall productivity, this framework performs significantly better than previous models. Utilizing a few model images of various traffic scenarios, appropriate schematics are also provided for a comprehensive approach that includes image collection, edge distinguishing evidence, and green sign classification. Also recommended is a system with object identification and priority for ambulances stuck in traffic.
Gas Leakage Detection System Using IoT And cloud Technology: A Review
Authors: Sharma V. Praveen , Dugyala Raman , Padmavathi V. , Gurram Vijendar Reddy
Published: June 2023

In industries and other locations gas leakage causes number of negative health effects .so an early detection of gas leakage and alertness will reduce the damage and save human life’s. Gas leakage techniques, trends and sensors are constantly evolving, and it is important for developers and researchers to stay up-to-date on the latest advancements. This paper conducts a systematic literature review on current state of gas leakage detection using Internet of Things (IOT) and Cloud technology. It explores the various sensor-based and non-sensor based IOT systems available for gas leakage detection, and their relative advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, this review summarizes current trends and challenges in the field of gas leakage detection, and discusses future research directions for improving the reliability and accuracy of these systems. This literature review highlights the need for more efficient, cost effective, and scalable IOT-based solutions for gas leakage detection.
Pneumonia Detection Using Deep Learning
Authors: Pranaya A. , Sowmya D.V. , Poojitha L. , Grace P. , Bhavya K. , Ganapathi Raju N.V.
Published: June 2023

Pneumonia is a life-threatening disease that affects the lungs in humans. Pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium. In pneumonia detection chest X-ray images are used as input dataset. To detect pneumonia chest X-rays need to be estimated by expert radiotherapists and it is expensive process, It would be beneficial and easy for people to use automatic system for pneumonia identification. People identify pneumonia using automatic system and get active treatment at early stages. The dataset containing chest X-ray images is obtained from Kaggle. The image characteristics are learned using pre-trained CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) models. CNN is used to analyse image features. This approach assists physicians in determining whether the patient has pneumonia or not. Early detection helps in early diagnosis.
Diabetic Neovascularization Identification from Fundus Images Retinopathy
Authors: K Sandeep , B. Raju , Reddy M. Chandra , Krishna M. Vamshi , D. Rohan , M. Abhilash
Published: June 2023

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is a retinal disease that can affect people with diabetes and cause visual loss if left untreated. Detecting neovascularization, an abnormal growth of veins in the retina, can be difficult due to its irregular pattern and small size. To improve detection, deep learning algorithms, such as MobileNet, are being used to automate complex object recognition. In a neovascularization affirmation technique based on transfer learning, multiple pre-trained models were built during the training phase, including MobileNet, CNN with SVM, AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet, ResNet18, and ResNet and GoogleNet models. Machine learning models for HOG feature extraction were also implemented, such as Random Forest, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Classifier, and Voting Classifier. MobileNet performed the best and was used to build the model for predicting results from user-uploaded images.
Weapon Detection in Surveillance Videos Using YOLOV8 and PELSF-DCNN
Authors: Dugyala Raman , Reddy M. Vishnu Vardhan , Reddy Ch. Tharun , Vijendar G.
Published: June 2023

Weapon detection (WD) provides early detection of potentially violent situations. Despite deep learning (DL) algorithms and sophisticated closed-circuit television (CCTVs), detecting weapons is still a difficult task. So, this paper proposes a WD model using PELSF-DCNN. Initially, the input video is converted into frames and pre-processed. The objects in the pre-processed frames are detected using the YOLOv8. In meantime, motion estimation is done using the DS algorithm in the pre-processed images to cover all the information. Then, the detected weapons undergo a sliding window process by considering the motion estimated frames. The silhouette score is calculated for detected humans and other objects. Now, the features are extracted and the important features are selected using the CSBO algorithm. The selected features and the output of YOLOv8 are given to the PELSF-DCNN classifier. Finally, the confidence score is calculated for the frame to define the number of weapons. In an experimental evaluation, the proposed method is found to be more efficient than the existing methods.
DWT-Based Image Fusion Technique in Matlab: Identifying the most effective method
Authors: Balakrishna T. , Hannan Md. Abdul , Nimishka G. , Subba reddy Gv.
Published: June 2023

Images have some information that can be perceived by the value or intensity of pixel colors or through their visual appearance, used in medical imaging which is used for medical management to generate a visual representation of the inside functioning of the human body. CT and MRI go through medical imaging techniques that provide valuable information to treat medical conditions. The fused image gives a complete analysis of a patient’s body by revealing the internal structure with comprehensive information through computer processing. In previous research, this process of fusing two images was approached using a specified DWT technique. In this paper, we demonstrate the best image fusion method for a DWT technique so that it can provide a fused image with significant detail. Image fusion can be implemented using Discrete Wavelet Transform techniques, which include nine combinations of Mean-Max-Min fusion methods. The analysis to derive the best fusion method and implementation of the image fusion method using the DWT technique is done using Matlab programming.
Application and impact of tribology in energy-an overview
Authors: Kayode Joseph F. , Afolalu Sunday A. , Emetere Moses E. , Monye Stella I. , Lawal Sunday L.
Published: June 2023

The use and effects of tribology in the field of energy are the subjects of this term paper. By calculating how energy use, economic output, and pollutants are all impacted by friction and wear, it discusses how tribology can be used to reduce the amount of unnecessary energy used by mechanisms, which is important in reducing the number of emissions produced by different industries. In turn, this enables industries including transportation, energy, mining, and paper production to reduce their overall energy use and emissions. Additionally, since the effect of friction cannot be directly estimated in the mining industry since it is less developed, we analyze the effect of wear in the mining industry by computing the friction loss as a component of the overall energy consumption looking at the downtime in materials, the overall number of mines in the world, the quantity of energy used the mining and the equipment’s life expectancy. This report also discusses current developments in novel materials, lubricants, and design modifications that have the potential to cut energy losses by 18–40%, primarily due to friction and wear. Up to 8.7% of the world’s total energy use and 1.4% of GDP might be saved (GNP).
Image to audio, text to audio, text to speech, video to text conversion using, NLP techniques
Authors: Thanneru Sai Harshith , Kumari Kajal , Kunta Naresh , Manchalla Pavan Kumar
Published: June 2023

Often, language bias between communicators can create communication problems. This article discusses a prototype that addresses this issue by enabling users to hear the content of text images. This involves extracting the text from the image and converting it into speech in the user's preferred language. Additionally, the device can be used by people with visual impairments. Overall, this device helps users to listen to the content of images being presented. The suggested system allows the user to take a picture, which is then scanned and analysed by the application to read the English text. The information obtained is then converted into voice, enabling visually impaired individuals to understand the content of the text. The output is delivered in speech format to provide access to information present on the document. To ensure better accuracy and performance, the system uses Natural Language Processing techniques. The system is designed with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to improve accuracy and ease of use.
An efficient novel paradigm for object detection through web camera using deep learning (YOLOv5’s object detection model)
Authors: K Chidananda , Naik Maloth Gulshan , Mohan Yama , Madhavan Neerati , Arfan Sheik Afzal , Kativarapu Ashish
Published: June 2023

Object detection, a fundamental duty in computer vision that has a wide range of practical applications, they are surveillance, robotics, and autonomous driving. Recent developments of deep learning have got gradual improvemenrts in detection accuracy and speed. One of the most popular and effective deep learning models for object detection is YOLOv5. In this discussion, we an object detection model through YOLOv5 and its implementation for object detection tasks. We discuss the model’s architecture, training process, and evaluation metrics. Furthermore, we present experimental results on popular object detection benchmarks to demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of YOLOv5 in detecting various objects in complex scenes. Our experiments states that YOLOv5 out performs other state of the art object detection models case of accuracy of detected image and speed of detection, making it a promising approach for real-world applications. Our work contributes to the growing body of research on deep learning-based object detection and provides valuable insights into the capabilities and limitations of YOLOv5. By improving accuracy, speed of object detection models, we have enabled a wide range of applications that can benefit society in countless ways.
Computing and Monitoring various Biopotential signals using Machine Learning algorithms
Authors: Sri Vidya Devi P. , Sai Krishna C.H. , Sai Srinivas P. , Ashraf S.K. , Sushith K.
Published: June 2023

Nowadays health care units play a vital role of the human existence after the pandemic periods. It is very essential to monitor the potential signals of the human body for survival on regular basis. In this paper extracting the values of different biopotential signals produced in human body, monitoring and analysing them using various machine learning algorithms. Monitoring involves observing and checking the progress or quality of data over a period of time and keeping it under system review. The beauty of effective computing is to make machine more emphatic to the user. Machine with the capability of human electrical signal recognition can look inside the user’s body. This paper generalises the view of training of the bio potentials signals data in the MATLAB software as well in python software. Analysis with different machine learning algorithms like K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Decision tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine(SVM) are used in the training ,testing and validation of the data. Better performance is achieved with these algorithms.
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna for 5G Applications
Authors: Kyama Rishitha , Sanapureddy Sree Dharani , Gyadapaka Jeevan , K.N.V. Khasim
Published: June 2023

The rectangular Microstrip patch antenna is a popular choice for 5G applications due to its integrated design and wideband capabilities. Operating in the 1 GHz to 3 GHz range, this antenna boasts a gain of 4 dBi. In a recent study, researchers utilized the 5G mm-wave bands at a resonance frequency of 39 GHz to create a high-definition video antenna for various 5G applications. The proposed design incorporates a dielectric constant of 4.4 and was analyzed and simulated using HFSS software. Results from the simulation demonstrated a good bandwidth of 3.5 GHz, return loss of -31.87 dB, and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.
Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Seeds Extract as Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Agent
Authors: Younus Nada Khairi
Published: June 2023

recently, the interest in plants is increased in different approaches of science, as it can be used to reinforce multiple materials of industry, as well as exhibit therapeutic properties to many pathologies and pathogens, including anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidants, and modulating various disorders. The importance of plants is gained from the presence of rich materials with multiple functions (most importantly therapeutic functions) called phytochemicals. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is an herb used as spice and exhibit many biological benefits. Our goal was to prepare an acetone extract of the cardamom seeds and use it as antibacterial, antifungal, and wound healing agent. The antimicrobial activity was investigated against two Gram negative bacterial strains escherichia coli as well as klebsiella sp, also two Gram positive bacterial strains Staphylococcus epidermidis and also Staphylococcus aureus, as well as one fungi (Candida albicans). Our results have shown a good activity of the acetone extract of the cardamom seeds against Gram positive as well as Gram negative bacteria as well as fungi. However, the most powerful effect was obtained against Candida albicans, which make the antifungal properties of cardamom extract over the antibacterial properties in acetone solvent. Furthermore, the effect of acetone extract of cardamom seeds on wound healing was significant, in which the healing was faster in rats whom treated with the extract. As it can exhibit these therapeutic potentials, cardamom can be used in the natural pharmacology field.
Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Activity of Cinnamomum Extract
Authors: Khaled Donia Waleed
Published: June 2023

Plant extract exhibited unique therapeutic characteristics due to their high content of chemical formulas with multiple medical effects. The plant extracts have shown a great advancement in controlling cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, as well as, it was used as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory agents. Cinnamomum has been used a medical herbs from ancient times along with its uses as spice in food. Cinnamomum oild and extract have shown a great perspective in many areas of human health. We have aimed to prepare an ethanolic extract from dry cinnamomum powder, and investigate its influence in vitro against four types of bacteria and one fungal strain, and again in vivo as wound healing agent in rats. The results have shown that cinnamomum extract in ethanol was exhibited good effect in growth inhibition of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Candida albicans. The greatest effect of cinnamomum extract was obtained against the Gram positive bacterial strains S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Furthermore, cinnamomum extract has shown to be a good wound healing agent, in which rats whom treated with cinnamomum extract have shown a faster healing compared to control rats starting from the day 7. These effects make cinnamomum to be very useful in the medical field generally, and in inflammation line specifically.
Estimation of some Trace Elements in the Sera of People with Myocardial Infarction Disease
Authors: Hameed Omar M.
Published: June 2023

Myocardial infarction is a heart problem with high risk of mortality worldwide. The epidemiological studies have shown an increase growth in the rates of cardiovascular problems globally, making this area of pathological investigations a trend to get better understanding and more clear information that help in controlling their diseases. Trace elements are dietary nutrients with very important roles in maintaining good quality of human health. Among the necessary trace elements, copper, zinc, and selenium are among the most crucial because of their roles in so many different processes throughout the body. Our goal was to determine the relationship between Cu, Zn, and Se in myocardial infarction patients, and to find their role in the disease. We have included 60 patients with myocardial disease and 30 healthy people in the study. The results have shown that Cu levels were significantly higher in myocardial infarction patients, and this would lead to raise the oxidative stress through the mediation of copper in Fenton reaction. Patients with myocardial infarction have considerably reduced levels of Zn and Se in their serum, which lowers their biological system's antioxidant ability. We suggest the use of antioxidants in diet and drugs to maintain the low risks of cardiovascular problems.
Serum Levels of Protein Carbonyl and Electrolytes in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ahmad Hani Moslem
Published: June 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease characterized by the insufficient insulin in a genetically prepared people, and mostly appeared at young ages. Therefore, T1DM is a chronic metabolic disease, and like other metabolic diseases, it associates with elevated oxidative state. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolites with high reactivity that can cause a diverse destruction to the cellular compartments. Proteins are clear targets for ROS, in which yields oxidized proteins, including protein carbonyls. In the present study, our goal was to determine the oxidative status of T1DM patients by using protein carbonyls as a biomarker. The relationship of protein carbonyl with serum electrolytes (Na+, and K+) were investigated as well. The study was included 60 adolescent with T1DM disease, and 30 healthy adolescent as control. The level of protein carbonyl was elevated significantly in the serum of T1DM patients (24.17±5.93 ng/mL) compared to the control adolescent (12.77±3.11 ng/mL). On the other hand, the levels of both Na and K were reduced in the serum of T1DM patients. The level of oxidative stress was reached the oxidative damage of proteins systemically in these patients. This may results in increasing the health risks of diabetes and may influence the proper growth of these adolescents. No association was observed between protein carbonyl and electrolytes in T1DM patients, but a significant association was obtained between glucose levels and Na levels. We suggest the administration of antioxidants with glycemic control in T1DM patients.
Impact of low carbohydrate diet on patients with type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Shaker Mahmood Bashar
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Achieving glycemic control in subjects with type 1 diabetes presents a significant challenge to the patient and the healthcare providers. The recommendations for dietary carbohydrates varied over the years from severe restriction to no restriction. We aim to study the impact of low carbohydrate diet on subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Subjects and Methods: we conducted a cross over clinical trial in which 46 uncontrolled (HbA1c ≥7%), subjects with type 1 diabetes on a standard carbohydrate diet, were placed on low carbohydrate diet (<26% of daily caloric intake). Patients attending Ain Shams University hospitals outpatient diabetes clinics were invited to participate. Participants were provided with education sessions to achieve and maintain low carbohydrate diet. They visited the clinic at baseline, 3 and 6 months.

Results: low carbohydrate diet resulted in significant improvement (p<0.001) in the following parameters using repeated measure analysis of variance: HbA1c (9.2 to 6.6%), weight (82.7kg to 76.7kg), BMI (29.70 to 27.56 Kg/m2), percent body fat (36.7 to 30.2%), skeletal muscle mass (53.8 to 55.9kg), total daily dose of insulin (72 to 54 IU) total cholesterol (199 to 169 mg/dL), LDL (119 to 101mg/dL) triglycerides (182 to 113 mg/dL), ALT (23 to 20IU/L), AST (14 to 12 IU/L), UAC ratio ( 15.7 to 14.0mg/g) and decreased incidence of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events (4.4 to 1.1 and 20.8 to 4.0 events/week respectively).

Conclusion: low carbohydrate diet demonstrated efficacy in terms of glycemic control and attainment of glycemic targets with good safety profile in terms of lower rates of hypoglycemic events.
Smart Parking Assistant: Integrating Ultrasonic Sensors and IoT for Enhanced Driver Experience
Authors: Madhavi A. , Uniyal Dhruv , Jula Abhishek , Vadlapatla Tarun Sri Sai , Bonam John Nikhil
Published: June 2023

Parking Assistant is a solution that assists drivers to park their vehicles safely, using a variety of sensors that are installed strategically, such that the entire parking process is safe and easy. Sometimes drivers tend to hit the wall with their vehicles, because they cannot see what is in their blind spots or underestimate how far the wall is from their back. The garage might also be sometimes be too dark to safely park the vehicle. Therefore, building a system that can assist drivers by constantly notifying the distance between the back of the car and the wall, and can control the lighting can help reduce this risk, and assist them to park their vehicles safely. An ultrasonic sensor, such as the HC0SR04 can detect the distance from the sensor to a distant object, can be used for this purpose. A safe limit can be supplied to the program, and if the vehicle is found to be closer than the safe limit, then the driver is notified about the risk through the buzzer. Also, using relays, an automated garage automation system can be created, such that electricals in the garage can be controlled through a simple mobile application.
Motorcycle Crash Detection and Alert System using IoT
Authors: Karuna G. , Kumar R.P. Ram , Sai Vadlapatla Tarun Sri , Abhishek Jula , Shashikanth Mood , Kashyap Burra
Published: June 2023

Motorcycle travel is considered the most dangerous mode of transport in the world. Reports suggest that the fatality rate of motorcycles is 212.7 deaths for every million miles travelled on motorcycles. Unlike other forms of travel like cars, buses, etc, motorcycles expose the rider to their surroundings. In cars, the frame protects the driver from hitting the road or falling out of the car. But motorcycles do not have such a possibility. Therefore, the best way to minimize fatalities in accidents is to have an alert system that can alert the emergency services when it detects an imminent crash. This is where the motorcycle crash detection and alert system comes into the picture. It uses the MPU6050 Multi-axes accelerometer to detect when the motorcycle falls to its side. It sends the impact parameters to Firebase cloud and if the values meet the crash criteria, it sends an alert to the emergency contacts as well as to the emergency response services, who can then act according to it.
A Real-Time IoT-based Model to Detect and Alert Security Guards’ Drowsiness
Authors: Poornima E. , Kumar R.P. Ram , Katukam Srujan , Pericherla Vikas Varma , Birelli Sukain Kumar
Published: June 2023

In the security industry, it is critical to ensure that security guards remain alert and attentive throughout their shifts. Drowsiness and inattention can lead to security breaches and endanger the safety of the premises and the people within them. To address this issue, a hybrid system is being developed to detect security guards' drowsiness and alert them using sound buzzers and water sprinklers to prevent security breaches. The system uses advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques like OpenCV and DCNN, along with a UHD camera, to detect signs of drowsiness using algorithms like Eye Aspect Ratio/Mouth Aspect Ratio (EAR)/(MAR). By analysing behavioural indicators, the system determines whether a security guard displays signs of drowsiness and alerts them using sound buzzers to remain attentive. Overall, the hybrid system provides an effective solution to enhance security guard monitoring and prevent potential security threats caused by drowsiness and inattention.
Automatic Garage Door and Smart Lighting System
Authors: Maturi Sree Rama Murthy , Bodicherla Madhurya Lahari , Paidisetti Sreya
Published: June 2023

The inconvenience of manually opening your garage door, driving your car out, and then closing the door while you are in a rush is what our application aims to solve. By interacting with an IoT network, smart garage doors may control your garage door using the power of your smartphone. Additionally, it does away with the trouble of physically locking the door. This will also provide intelligent notifications for enhanced monitoring, are some of the system's remarks. The goal of this project is to design and build a low-cost system that monitors garage doors and transmits their status to a receiver unit located in a convenient location inside the user's home. This allows the user to monitor their garage doors from the comfort of their own home, rather than having to go outside and inspect the garage. The receiver unit includes a screen for displaying system information as well as LEDs for viewing the status of the garage door from a distance. The system has enough range to place the receiver anywhere in the house while providing accurate garage door status. By designing and building this, we hope to increase home security.
Damage detection in structural elements: using adaptive Mamdani model
Authors: Ashwini Kosanam , Sahu Sasmita , Nayak Bijaya Bijeta , Roy Sudesna
Published: June 2023

In real life all the structural and machine elements work under dynamic or variable loading. Application of dynamic loading leads to fluctuating stress. Due to fluctuating stress fatigue cracks initiates. These fatigue cracks are the main reason of failures. So, it is very important to detect the crack and predict the crack life. There are different types of damages but crack is one of the most encountered damage. There are different conventional methods to detect the damage but these methods are time taking and requires removal from the machines. Therefore, researchers are giving more importance to the unconventional methods to find the damage. In the present work a method has been introduced to find the damage site using Fuzzy Logic System and Regression Analysis. In particular, this paper focuses on applying statistical process control methods. A data pool has been created from the dynamic analysis of the cracked cantilever beam and then the data pool is trained in the proposed methodology to find the crack location. It has been noticed that the proposed methodology gives result within the tolerable range.
Design and Implementation of POSIT Based Adder and Multiplier in Verilog HDL
Authors: Sanivarapu Rambabu , Y. Mallikarjuna Rao , C. Venkataiah , M.K. Linga Murthy , Alzubaidi Laith H. , Vyeshikha
Published: June 2023

Due to recent developments, the POSIT number system, winch has been planned as a successor for numbers that are expressed in IEEE floating-point, which are in the focus of advances in arithmetic. Although this format claims to deliver more precise outcomes with the same bit width as ordinary floating point, the duration of the operation fluctuation during posit field identification poses a hardware design problem. The POSIT-based MAC Unit is created using Verilog HDL in this study, and the designed architecture is evaluated for good operation before being implemented on an FPGA using Xilinx Vivado.
Sun Powered Mobility: “Developing A Solar Tracking System For Electric Vehicle Charging”
Authors: Jalluri Srinivasa Rao , Kusuma Bhuvana Chandra , Narra AkhilaSri , Seelam Prajwesh Sunny , Veerabathini Saketh
Published: June 2023

Sun is the only free source available to the PV module in our area. When the sun shines on a PV cell, solar energy is converted into electrical energy. Today, solar energy is a key component of supplying our energy demands. However, on occasion, this demand cannot be satisfied by solar energy. We use MPPT techniques in those circumstances because they increase power generation and have the key advantage of operating in any environment. It draws the greatest amount of power possible from the available PV unit without depending on any environmental circumstances. These techniques are performed on a boost converter with a battery circuit as a load. This research compares three maximum power tracking methods: perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (IC), and fuzzy logic-based.
Study on amplitude reduction factor of fly ash infilled barrier using vibration sensor
Authors: Lavanya C. , Dhanya C. , Dayana M. , Sree T. Chandana
Published: June 2023

Vibrations are phenomenon caused due to cyclic motion caused by certain amplitude and frequency. The ground borne vibrations hinder the building stability and durability. In the present study, the impact of vibrations is reduced with fly ash Infilled barrier. Different soils samples are collected and density is determined using standard compaction test. Density and vibration waves are inversely proportional to each other, that is higher the density of soils lower the propagation of vibration waves and vice versa. After the determination of density, the soils are tested by using vibration sensor in two cases. One is without placing fly ash barrier and the other is by placing fly ash barrier. The output is monitored in the Arduino software and amplitude rection factor and frequency reduction ratio are determined to identify the efficiency of fly ash barrier.
Lateral response of pile due to combined load under free and fixed conditions
Authors: Rahul Chiluka , Saahas Polisetty , Reddy V. Srinivasa , Alawadi G. Jyothi Kumari , Raide Ahmed Hussien
Published: June 2023

Pile foundations are used to support both vertical and horizontal loads in many geotechnical projects, such as coastal and offshore engineering. In this project, the Finite Difference Method is proposed to solve the differential equation governing the lateral and axial pile response. Initially, the behaviour of the pile subjected to lateral load will be analysed. The effect of various parameters like pile head fixity, the cohesion of surrounding soil, pile diameter, and length of the pile on lateral pile response will be analysed. Finally with these conditions, the deflections profile of the pile subjected to both lateral and axial load is investigated. By using python code we can easily find out the increase in diameter of pile, cohesion of surrounding soil effect on pile head and effect of increase in combined load will be studied. The above stated parameters will be studied for combined loading also under the free and fixed head conditions.
Luft und Gase, ein unsichtbares und nicht triviales
Problem
Authors: Duchmann Rainer
Published: June 2023

Als junger Assistenzarzt betreute ich neben der universitären Sprechstunde
für chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen auch die allgemeine
gastroenterologische Sprechstunde. Eine junge Frau stellte sich wegen
Blähungen vor, die für sie so belastend waren, dass ich sogar meinen
Oberarzt um Rat fragte. Er kam vorbei, hörte und sah sich alles an und kniff
der Frau dann plötzlich in den Po. Der durch die schweren Blähungen
deutlich vorgewölbte Blähbauch war verschwunden. Die Aktion war
sicher schon vor mehreren Jahrzehnten mehr als grenzwertig, heute ist sie wohl
vollständig undenkbar. Dennoch begründete sie bei mir einen neuen
Blick auf das Symptom der „Luft im Bauch“.
Endovascular Management of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Ognard Julien , Magro Elsa , Caroff Jildaz , Bodani Vivek , Mosimann Pascal John , Gentric Jean-Christophe
Published: June 2023

Due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage, and its related morbidity–mortality, brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are a rare and potentially life-threatening disease. Despite this, there is only one randomized controlled trial on bAVM management, A Randomized trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA). The results of the ARUBA trial favor a noninterventional approach in the case of an unruptured bAVM; however, implementation of these findings is challenging in daily practice. Instead, management of bAVM relies on multidisciplinary discussions that lead to patient-specific strategies based on patient preferences, local expertise, and experience in referral centers. Considering the diverse patterns of presentation and numerous treatment modalities, implementing standardized guidelines in this context proves challenging, notwithstanding the recommendations or expert opinions offered. Endovascular treatment (EVT) of bAVM can be curative, or can serve as an adjunct treatment prior to surgery or radiosurgery (“pre-EVT”). EVT practice is in constant evolution (i.e., venous approach, combination with surgery during the same anesthesia, etc.). Liquid embolic agents such as ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer and cyanoacrylates (CYA), and their method of injection to increase bAVM occlusion have also benefited from technical evolutions such as the use of adjunctive flow arrest techniques (mini balloons, pressure cooker technique, and multiple catheters). Further research is necessary to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of EVT for bAVM.
Detailed Management of Brachial Plexus Birth Injuries: The Miami Protocol at Nicklaus Children's Hospital
Authors: Berger Aaron J. , Elias Yvette , Medina Cherise , Quinn Nancy , Schreiber Verena , Alvarado-Burgos Enrique , Price Andrew , Grossman John AI
Published: June 2023

The management of children with brachial plexus birth injuries is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. In the following article, we describe our approach to evaluation and management at Nicklaus Children's Hospital. It is our aim is to elucidate nuances in management.
Study on phase evolution and mechanical properties of reconstructed granite
Authors: Wang Pan , Teng Zhen , Zeng Sifan , Jia Peng , Chen Chen , Zhou Xiaosong , Feng Wanlin , Zhang Haibin
Published: June 2023

In this paper, reconstructed granite with enhanced mechanical properties is prepared by re-melting and re-sintering granite wastes based on the formation process of natural granite. The sintering process, phase composition, and mechanical properties are deeply investigated. The optimal synthesizing process is sintering granite wastes at 1090 °C for 2 h with a preloading pressure of 25 MPa. Reconstruction results in excellent mechanical properties with a Vickers hardness of 5.30 GPa, a bending strength of 64.84 MPa, and an elastic modulus of 68.77 GPa, which are superior to those of natural granite (Vickers hardness of 3.64 GPa, bending strength of 23.40 MPa, and elastic modulus of 58.77 GPa). The sintering process plays a decisive role in improving the mechanical properties, which not only regulate the phase composition and refine the grain size but also effectively decrease the formation of cracks. This work not only clarified the mechanism between the phase evolution and mechanical properties of reconstructed granite but also proposed a viable way to dispose granite wastes for natural resource recycling.
Thermal bubble-driven impedance-based high-throughput cell counting chip design
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Wang Kun , Huang Peng , Guan Yimin , Liu Demeng
Published: June 2023

Cell identification and enumeration are important methods within clinical and research laboratories for rapid diagnosis of relevant diseases. However, there are still many shortcomings in the current cell counting methods. In order to improve the performance of cell counting, a novel impedance-based cell counting chip based on thermal bubble drive was designed in this study. The chip is fabricated by whole-wafer processing and provides the driving force for cells through a combination of thermal bubble nozzles and microfluidic channels, integrating 100 individual detection units on a 38 mm2 size chip. Experimental and theoretical analyses have demonstrated that the chip can achieve high throughput detection of 45 000 beads/s under extreme conditions. A fourfold difference in detection voltage was obtained for both 14 and 7 µm diameter polystyrene beads. The linear fit coefficient of determination between the cell number measured by the chip and the cell number observed in reality was above 0.999 for both polystyrene beads and 211H cells, and the counting accuracy exceeded previous studies. It turns out that the chip achieves portable, low-cost, high-throughput, and high-accuracy cell counting, which is conducive to the development of impedance cell counting.
A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-vinyl chloride) for basketball dribbling technique training
Authors: Guan Daoquan , Zhang Zhongxing , Fei Xiaoyan
Published: June 2023

Recently, intelligent sports monitor devices based on self-powered sensor technology have received widespread attention. Here, we designed a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride-vinyl chloride) PV(DF-A) film and a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film (PP-TENG) to harvest bio-mechanical energy and serve as the basketball training sensor. After experimental testing, the electron loss ability of the PV(DF-A) film is greater than that of a polyvinylidene fluoride film. Also, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of PP-TENG can get to 1856.4 V and 269 mA m−2, respectively. The PP-TENG can obtain a maximum power density of 130.28 W m−2. Moreover, the PP-TENG sensor can monitor various gait patterns of players in basketball and achieve auxiliary analysis of basketball training strategies. This research will promote the development of intelligent basketball training sensors.
The legacy environmental footprints of manufactured capital
Authors: Wang Ranran , Hertwich Edgar G. , Fishman Tomer , Deetman Sebastiaan , Behrens Paul , Chen Wei-qiang , de Koning Arjan , Xu Ming , Matus Kira , Ward Hauke , Tukker Arnold , Zimmerman Julie B.
Published: June 2023

The foundations of today’s societies are provided by manufactured capital accumulation driven by investment decisions through time. Reconceiving how the manufactured assets are harnessed in the production–consumption system is at the heart of the paradigm shifts necessary for long-term sustainability. Our research integrates 50 years of economic and environmental data to provide the global legacy environmental footprint (LEF) and unveil the historical material extractions, greenhouse gas emissions, and health impacts accrued in today’s manufactured capital. We show that between 1995 and 2019, global LEF growth outpaced GDP and population growth, and the current high level of national capital stocks has been heavily relying on global supply chains in metals. The LEF shows a larger or growing gap between developed economies (DEs) and less-developed economies (LDEs) while economic returns from global asset supply chains disproportionately flow to DEs, resulting in a double burden for LDEs. Our results show that ensuring best practice in asset production while prioritizing well-being outcomes is essential in addressing global inequalities and protecting the environment. Achieving this requires a paradigm shift in sustainability science and policy, as well as in green finance decision-making, to move beyond the focus on the resource use and emissions of daily operations of the assets and instead take into account the long-term environmental footprints of capital accumulation.
Longitudinal associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength, balance and falls in middle‐aged women
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Wu Feitong , Callisaya Michele L. , Jones Graeme , Winzenberg Tania M.
Published: June 2023

We examined the longitudinal associations of accelerometer‐measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength (LMS), balance, and falls in middle‐aged women. This was a 5‐year cohort study among 308 women aged 36–56 years. We used linear mixed‐effects models to examine associations of baseline and change in accelerometer‐measured sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with baseline and 5‐year change in LMS and balance (timed up and go test [TUG], functional reach test [FRT], lateral reach test [LRT], and step test [ST]), and negative binomial/Poisson and log‐binomial regression as appropriate to assess associations with falls after 5‐year follow‐up. Greater baseline MVPA was associated with better baseline LMS (β = 4.65 kg/SD, 95% CI: 1.37, 7.93) and TUG (β = −0.09 s/SD, 95% CI: –0.18, –0.01) but not with change in them over 5 years. Baseline MVPA was not associated with FRT at baseline but associated with a greater decrease in FRT (β = −0.87 cm/SD, 95% CI: –1.57, –0.17). Increased MVPA over 5 years was associated with less deterioration in FRT (β = 0.88 cm/SD, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.61). Increased sedentary time over 5 years was associated with a larger decrease in FRT (β = −0.82 cm/SD, 95% CI: –1.58, –0.07). Higher baseline LPA was associated with higher falls risk (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.57). Higher baseline MVPA may benefit LMS and balance, while increasing MVPA in the medium term has little effect on change in these outcomes in mid‐life. Detrimental association of LPA with falls may be due to greater exposures to environmental hazards.

Highlights

Our study for the first time examined the longitudinal associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength, balance and falls in middle‐aged women.

Higher baseline moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be beneficial for muscle strength and balance at baseline but increasing MVPA in the medium term has little effect on change in LMS or balance outcomes in middle‐aged women.

Higher baseline light physical activity (LPA) was associated with an increased risk of falls.

The detrimental association of LPA with falls may be due to a greater exposure to environmental hazards in midlife, which needs to be clarified in future research.
Do not be misled on the energy crisis
Authors: Hertwich Edgar
Published: June 2023

False narratives cloud our understanding of Europe’s energy crisis and its relationship to climate change and climate policy. A clear-eyed understanding, based on factual knowledge and the insights of scientific research can help resolve the seeming contradiction between security of supply, affordability, and environmental sustainability.