bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISE DOS CONHECIMENTOS DE ESTUDANTES NO ENSINO MÉDIO ACERCA DA TEORIA DA RELATIVIDADE
Authors: Godinho Emmanuel Zullo , De Oliveira Martins Claudineia , Fernanda Parisoto Mara , Ary Leonel André
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo investigar a evolução conceitual dos estudantes submetidos a uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS), para ensinar conceitos da Teoria da Relatividade Especial (TRE) utilizando simulações especificas. Escolheu-se a área da Relatividade, pois na revisão da literatura em periódicos nacionais e internacionais foram encontrados apenas dez trabalhos que investigam os mecanismos envolvidos no processo de construção de conhecimentos em condições reais de sala de aula. A UEPS proposta por considerar, dentre outros motivos, os subsunçores presentes na estrutura cognitiva do indivíduo, fundamenta-se na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa. Desta forma, foram aplicadas, ao longo da implementação da proposta didática, dez questões referentes a TRE para identificar os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos. Tais resultados foram utilizados para construir a proposta e balizar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A UEPS foi implementada em turmas do último ano do ensino médio de duas escolas públicas da cidade de Capitão Leônidas Marques-PR. Como metodologia de pesquisa, utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, que foi realizada a partir dos procedimentos de análise do conteúdo e delas obtida uma diversidade de categorias. Na parte inicial da pesquisa, identificou-se que a maioria dos alunos possuem conhecimentos prévios sobre relatividade, no entanto, essas concepções apresentam erros epistemológicos e visões deformadas da ciência. Depois da implementação da UEPS, a maioria dos alunos mostrou indícios de Aprendizagem Significativa de conceitos da TRE.
Primeiro episódio psicótico: atendimento de emergência
Authors: Gouvea Eduardo Sauerbronn , Noto Cristiano , Bonadia Bianca , Senço Natasha Malo de , Gadelha Ary , Bressan Rodrigo A. , Cordeiro Quirino
Published: December 2021

O termo psicose é usado para descrever um estado mental em que o indivíduo perde o contato com a realidade, e a etapa inicial de manifestação dos sintomas psicóticos define o primeiro episódio psicótico (PEP). Este artigo apresenta conceitos e dados gerais sobre PEP, apresenta fatores de risco e provê orientações sobre o diagnóstico (inclusive diagnósticos diferenciais), tratamento e acompanhamento de pacientes com PEP, com destaque para o papel das emergências psiquiátricas. As diferentes fases das psicoses também são descritas. Como conclusão, os autores salientam a importância da identificação e investigação dos casos, o início precoce do tratamento e o acompanhamento aproximado e individualizado dos pacientes.
Novos alvos terapêuticos para o transtorno afetivo bipolar
Authors: Carvalho André F.
Published: December 2021

O transtorno bipolar (TB) é crônico e incapacitante, sendo clinicamente caracterizado por episódios recorrentes de mania (ou hipomania) e depressão, além de estados mistos. O TB está associado a um aumento do risco de suicídio e a uma elevada prevalência de co-morbidades médicas e psiquiátricas, além de morte prematura e disfunção cognitiva. Os tratamentos disponíveis para o TB são insuficientes para uma proporção significativa de pacientes. Diversos novos alvos terapêuticos vêm sendo explorados para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos com propriedades estabilizadoras do humor, incluindo: (1) a via da glicogênio sintase quinase 3 (GSK-3); (2) o via do fosfatidil-inositol e da proteína quinase C; (3) o fator de crescimento derivado do cérebro (BDNF); (4) as histonas deacetilases; (5) o sistema melatoninérgico; (6) fármacos anti-oxidantes e moduladores da função mitocondrial, além de (7) fármacos anti-inflamatórios. O presente artigo revisa o estado atual do conhecimento, além das dificuldades para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos para o TB dentro de uma perspectiva translacional. O desenvolvimento de estratégias integrativas que analisem dados dimensionais de alta precisão, mesclando dados “ômicos” através de técnicas de bioinformática são necessárias para uma melhor elucidação da fisiopatologia complexa do TB. Tais achados podem levar ao desenvolvimento de novos fármacos para o TB, além de um tratamento personalizado.
Antipsicóticos de longa ação como facilitadores da adesão no tratamento da esquizofrenia: relato de caso
Authors: Soares Victor Siciliano , Daltio Claudiane Salles , Attux Cecília
Published: December 2021

Este artigo relata o caso de um paciente jovem em primeiro episódio psicótico e com dificuldade de adesão ao tratamento, no qual foi utilizado um antipsicótico de segunda geração de ação prolongada. Os antipsicóticos de longa ação devem ser considerados mais amplamente no tratamento da esquizofrenia pela facilidade do manejo e segurança na tomada da medicação, pois melhoram a adesão e, consequentemente, o prognóstico dos pacientes.
ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ТОПОЛОГІЧНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ КРОНШТЕЙНА ТА ПІДГОТОВЛЕННЯ ДО 3D-ДРУКУ
Authors: Yeroshenko Andrii , Polushko Vladyslav
Published: December 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження.Зниження маси та збільшення питомої міцності конструкцій, що використовуються в різних галузях машинобудування – на сьогодні найважливіші завдання конструкторів всього світу. Рішення цих проблем безпосередньо пов’язане із завданням пошуку оптимальних геометричних параметрів проєктованого виробу. Застосування топологічної оптимізації дозволить зменшити вагу виробу зі збереженням вимог до міцності деталі. Постановка проблеми. Отримати топологічно оптимізовану деталь, зменшивши масу на 30–50 %. Зберегти статичні характеристики та конструктивну міцність деталі. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Опираючись на досвід та роботу спеціалістів у цьому напрямі, проблема, яка зазначена вище, може бути вирішена за допомогою топологічної оптимізації та адитивних технологій. Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Нині малодослідженим питанням залишається параметризація фізичної моделі для вирішення завдань топологічної оптимізації. Постановка завдання. Зробити дослідження топології з метою отримання найкращого відношення міцності до маси кронштейна, зменшивши при цьому масу на 50 %. Зробити порівняння результатів досліджень у різних програмних пакетах. Підготувати вихідні моделі для швидкого прототипування за допомогою 3D-друку. Виклад основного матеріалу. У цій роботі проводиться топологічна оптимізація кронштейна. Зменшуємо його масу на 50 %, зберігаючи всі статичні характеристики та параметри. Проєктуємо деталь у програмному пакеті SolidWorks. Проводимо оптимізацію у двох програмних пакетах: SolidWorks та Fusion 360, порівнюємо отримані результати. Друкуємо оптимізовану деталь на 3D-принтері, використовуючи програмний пакет Simplify 3D. Висновки відповідно до статті. Оптимізовано конструкцію кронштейна в програмних пакетах SolidWorks і Fusion 360, зменшивши його масу на 50 %. Кронштейн, оптимізований в SolidWorks, виглядає естетично краще. Коефіцієнт запасу міцності кронштейна, оптимізованого в SolidWorks, дорівнює 12, а в Fusion 360 – 15. Це свідчить про те, що необхідно виконувати нове дослідження топології, видаляючи 60–65 % матеріалу. При підготовці до прототипування методом 3D-друку на виході отримали текстовий документ з g-кодом.
Spinal cord detethering without laminectomy or laminotomy
Authors: Housley Steven B. , Patel Devan , Nyabuto Elizabeth , Reynolds Renée M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Tethered cord syndrome occurs when there is abnormal tension on the distal spinal cord, which limits its elevation as patients grow. This results in stretching of the neural elements and microvasculature, resulting in both direct and ischemic injury.[7] Animal studies suggest that impairment of oxidative metabolic pathways may contribute to neuronal injury.[7] Associated conditions include myelomeningocele, lipomyelomeningocele, intraspinal lipomas, diastematomyelia, thickened/fatty filum terminale, and trauma.[2] Tethering may be asymptomatic or result in a variety of symptoms including lower extremity weakness/sensory deficits, bowel/bladder dysfunction, scoliosis, pes cavus, and back/leg pain.[6] Early surgical intervention has been shown to improve outcomes and may be performed prophylactically or to prevent symptom progression.[1,3] More specifically, retrospective studies demonstrate that surgical intervention in patients under the age of 2 years is associated with improved outcomes.[5] In some cases, detethering may result in clinical improvement.[3]

Case Description:

We present a case of a 6-month-old male with a low-lying conus medullaris, lumbar syrinx, mildly abnormal urodynamic studies, and asymmetric utilization of his lower extremities observed during the evaluation of a Y-shaped gluteal cleft. He underwent elective spinal cord detethering via the safe and effective, minimally invasive technique described in the video.

The patient’s parents gave informed consent for treatment and video recording. Institutional review board approval was deemed unnecessary.

Conclusion:

Given the variety of surgical techniques used for cord detethering, this video may assist other surgeons in developing techniques that require little to no compromise of the developing bony spinal column while achieving sufficient release of the spinal cord.[4]
Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces in a pediatric patient: A rare radiological entity
Authors: Bajwa Mohammad Hamza , Ul Islam Mohammad Yousuf , Mubarak Fatima
Published: December 2021

Background:

Giant tumefactive perivascular spaces (TPVS) are radiological rarities and may mimic other neurological structural lesions. Fewer than 80 cases have been reported in the literature with even fewer in the pediatric population.

Case Description:

The authors present an image report showcasing a 3-year-old boy presenting with uncontrolled seizures despite multiple anti-epileptic medications. His magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple, non-contrast enhancing cyst clusters within the left parieto-occipital region that was hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging, and isointense to cerebrospinal fluid. Due to a characteristic absence of perilesional edema seen on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging or diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences, this was diagnosed as a giant TPVS.

Conclusion:

Accurate diagnosis of these rare radiological entities is based on pathognomonic findings that can help prevent unnecessary surgery and guide management for patients, particularly in the pediatric population as seen in our case.
BLOOD-SAVING STRATEGIES IN SURGICAL PATIENTS. PATIENT BLOOD MANAGEMENT. REVIEW OF UP-TO-DATE GUIDELINES
Authors: С. О. Дубров  , В. Р. Баляк
Published: December 2021

Decrease in blood product usage is actual direction in medical science, because there is an increasing evidence of worsening outcomes in patients had been transfused. This article contains brief literature review and analysis about blood-saving strategies in patients undergoing surgery. Goals, concept and structure of Patient Blood Management were described. Evidence and clinical recommendations from leading PBM organizations about transfusion strategies, preoperative anaemia management and blood loss reducing measures during all stages of treatment were listed.
INTENSIVE CARE IN SEVERE BRAIN TRAUMA
Authors: У. А. Фесенко
Published: December 2021

The main principle points of intensive care in severe neurotrauma are described in this article. Recommendations based on international guidelines and other guiding documents in Ukraine. The importance of fluid balance calculation and safety of enteral way of fluid supply are emphasized. Refined indications for the sedation, hyperosmolar therapy of cerebral edema
VARIABILITY OF SERUM LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IN FULL – TERM INFANTS WITH MODERATE AND SEVERE HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: О. Ю. Клєвакіна  , І. О. Анікін
Published: December 2021

Objective: to analyze changes in the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as an early marker of degree of central nervous system lesions in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Materials and methods. 38 infants with HIE moderate (grade II) and severe (grade III) according to the criteria described by Sarnat (in the period ≤72 hours after delivery) undergoing treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit at Zaporizhzhia Regional State Children’s Hospital were examined. Patients were randomly assigned to the groups. The average gestation age was 38.70 ± 1.56 weeks, and the average postconceptional age was 1.10 ± 0.46 days.Group 1 consisted of patients with moderate (grade II) HIE (n = 30), group 2 consisted of patients with severe (grade III) HIE (n = 8).Patients in both groups received traditional mechanical ventilation.On the 3rd and 7th day of life, the concentration of serum LDH in both groups was determined. A comparative analysis of serum LDH level was carried out and the diagnostic value of determining the LDH level as an early marker of CNS damage in newborns with HIE was analyzed.Results and discussion. Analysis of the LDH content in blood serum indicates that in both groups a significant increased of LDH level is observed on the 3rd day of life. In group 1, this indicator was 1151.6 ± 123.1 U / l, in group 2 - 3568.4 ± 212.4 U / l at p <0.01.On the 7th day of life, newborns of the 1st group had significant lower value of LDH (611.7 ± 86.1 U / L) compared with the 2nd group - 4946.4 ± 263.4 U / L, p <0.0003.There is a clear tendency of decreasing LDH on the 7th day of life in babies with moderate HIE - 611.7 ± 86.1 U / l at p <0.01. In newborns with severe HIE, level of LDH on day 7 compared to 3 does significantly not decrease.
Percutaneous insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters by the nephrologist (modified Seldinger technique)
Authors: Francois Karlien , De Clerck Dieter , Robberechts Tom , Van Hulle Freya , Van Cauwelaert Stefan , Luyten Ine , Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen Daniel
Published: December 2021

A proper functioning access to the peritoneal cavity is the first and foremost requirement to start peritoneal dialysis. Most commonly, peritoneal dialysis catheters are inserted using a surgical approach. Laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion is the recommended surgical technique because it offers to employ advanced adjunctive procedures that minimize the risk of mechanical complications. In patients with low risk of mechanical catheter complications, such as patients without prior history of abdominal surgery or peritonitis, and in patients ineligible for general anesthesia, the percutaneous approach of peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion is an alternative to surgical catheter insertion. Percutaneous insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters can be performed by a dedicated nephrologist, interventional radiologist, surgeon or nurse practitioner under local anesthesia, either with or without image guidance using ultrasound or fluoroscopy. Several reports show similar catheter function rates, mechanical and infectious complications and catheter survival for percutaneously inserted peritoneal dialysis catheters compared to surgically inserted peritoneal dialysis catheters. This article describes the percutaneous insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheters technique adopted at Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel since 2015. Our technique is a simple low-tech modified Seldinger procedure performed by the nephrologist and not using fluoroscopy guidance. We describe the excellent outcomes of our percutaneously inserted peritoneal dialysis catheters and offer a practical guide to set up your own percutaneous catheter insertion program.
Évaluation de la performance de la mesure conventionnelle et séquentielle de la pression artérielle en centre chez les patients en dialyse péritonéale à Dakar.
Authors: Faye Moustapha , Modou Ndongo , Ahmed Tall Lemrabott , Maria Faye , Niakhaleen Keita , Bacary Ba , Abou Sy , Babacar Ndiaye , Fary Ka Elhadji
Published: December 2021

Introduction : L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les performances des mesures conventionnelles (MCPA) et séquentielles (MSPA) de la pression artérielle en prenant la MAPA comme référence. Patients et méthodes : A travers une étude transversale incluant 17 patients suivis dans l’unité de DP de l’Hôpital Aristide Le Dantec, la PA a été mesurée par 3 méthodes : i) une mesure automatisée (OMRON M3 COMFORT) effectué par un personnel de santé dite MCPA (OMRON M3 COMFORTTM) ; ii) la moyenne de 5 mesures automatisées chez un patient isolé dans un box dite MSPA ; iii) la MAPA des 24h avec l’appareil CONTECTM (Germany). L’HTA a été retenue devant une PA supérieure à 130/80 mmHg à la MAPA des 24h. Résultats : L’aire sous la courbe (AUC) de la PAS était similaire (p=0,28) entre la MSPA [AUC, 0,933 ; IC à 95 %, 0,813 – 1,000] et la MCPA [AUC, 0,900 ; IC à 95 %, 0,752 – 1,000]. Concernant la PAD, la MSPA [AUC, 0,858 ; IC à 95 %, 0,638 – 1,000] était similaire (p=1) à la MCPA [AUC, 0,917 ; IC à 95 %, 0,753 – 1,000]. À l’analyse de Bland-Altman, la MCPA surestimait  la PAS de 11,65 mmHg et la PAD de 3,94 mmHg. La MSPA quant à elle surestimait la PAS de 6,2 mmHg et la PAD de 4,35 mmHg. Conclusion : La MSPA et la MCPA sont performantes dans le diagnostic de l’HTA ambulatoire chez les patients en dialyse péritonéale à Dakar.
Use of arteriovenous fistula in peritoneal dialysis in France (RDPLF data
Authors: Verger Christian , Fabre Emmanuel
Published: December 2021

There is a consensus not to systematically create arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. We wanted to verify in the French Language Peritoneal Dialysis Register (RDPLF) database what the practices are in France.

We selected patients who stopped peritoneal dialysis between December 2016 and December 2021 and who, before their peritoneal dialysis treatment, had not been treated with hemodialysis or transplant before.

Only 5.2% of patients had an AVF during PD, and 86.7% of these did not use it. Of the patients who did not have AVF, however, 38% were transferred to hemodialysis, often with a central venous catheter.

While it is probably important to have a predictive algorithm to avoid definitive transfers in hemodialysis with a central venous catheter when this transfer can be planned, this report confirms the pointlessness of creating a systematic vascular access in PD, particularly when there is a kidney transplant project.
Exploration of the Photocatalytic Cycle for Sacrificial Hydrogen Evolution by Conjugated Polymers Containing Heteroatoms
Authors: Prentice Andrew , Zwijnenburg Martijn
Published: December 2021

We analyze the photocatalytic activity of heteroatom containing linear conjugated polymers for sacrificial hydrogen evolution using a recently proposed photocatalytic cycle. We find that the thermodynamic barrier to electron transfer, relevant both in the presence and absence of noble metal co-catalysts, changes with polymer composition, reducing upon going from electron-rich to electron-poor polymers, and disappearing completely for the most electron-poor polymers in a water rich environment. We discuss how the latter is probably the reason why electron-poor polymers are generally more active for sacrificial hydrogen evolution than their electron-rich counterparts. We also study the barrier to hydrogen-hydrogen bond formation on the polymer rather than the co-catalyst and find that it too changes with composition but is always, at least for the polymer studied here, much larger than that experimentally reported for platinum. Therefore, it is expected that in the presence of any noble metal particles these will act as the site of hydrogen evolution.
Engineering Mesophase Stability and Structure via Incorporation of Cyclic Terminal Groups
Authors: Mandle Richard , Abbott Laurence , Fritsch Luma , Parker Rachel , Hart Sam , Whitwood Adrian , Cowling Stephen , Moore John , Goodby John
Published: December 2021

We report on the characterisation of a number of liquid-crystalline materials featuring cyclic terminal groups, which lead to significant enhancements in the temperature range of the mesomorphic state. Materials with only short terminal chains are able to support lamellar mesophase formation by appending a large terminal cyclic unit at the end of a short methylene spacer. X-ray scattering experiments reveal that the layer spacings of the lamellar smectic phase are significantly larger when a cyclic end-group is present than for equivalent linear unsubstituted materials, but there is no effect on orientational order. Fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations faithfully reproduce experimental layer spacings and orientational order parameters, and indicate that the cyclic terminal units spontaneously segregate into diffuse sub-layers and thus cause the increased layer spacing. This shape segregation predicted by molecular dynamics simulations is observed in the crystalline solid state by X-ray diffraction.
Reactivity of Iridium Complexes of a Triphosphorus-Pincer Ligand Based on a Secondary Phosphine. Catalytic Alkane Dehydrogenation and the Origin of Extremely High Activity
Authors: Gordon Benjamin , Lease Nicholas , Emge Thomas , Hasanayn Faraj , Goldman Alan
Published: December 2021

The selective functionalization of alkanes and alkyl groups is a major goal of chemical catalysis. Toward this end, a bulky triphosphine with a central secondary phosphino group, bis(2 di-t-butyl-phosphinophenyl)phosphine (tBuPHPP), has been synthesized. When complexed to iridium it adopts a meridional (“pincer”) configuration. The secondary phosphino H atom can undergo migration to iridium to give an anionic phosphido-based-pincer (tBuPPP) complex. We describe novel metal-ligand cooperativity of the iridium-phosphido unit. Stoichiometric reactions of the (tBuPPP)Ir complexes reflect a distribution of steric bulk around the iridium center in which the coordination site trans to the phosphido group is quite crowded, one coordination site cis to the phosphido is even more crowded, while the remaining site is particularly open. The (tBuPPP)Ir precursors are the most active catalysts reported to date for dehydrogenation of n-alkanes, by about two orders of magnitude. The electronic properties of the iridium center are very similar to that of well-known analogous (RPCP)Ir catalysts. Accordingly, DFT calculations predict that (tBuPPP)Ir and (tBuPCP)Ir are, intrinsically, comparably active for alkane dehydrogenation. While dehydrogenation by (RPCP)Ir proceeds through an intermediate trans-(PCP)IrH2(alkene), (tBuPPP)Ir follows a pathway proceeding via cis-(PPP)IrH2(alkene), thereby circumventing unfavorable placement of the alkene at the bulky site trans to phosphorus. (tBuPPP)Ir and (tBuPCP)Ir, however, have analogous resting states: square planar (pincer)Ir(alkene). Alkene coordination at the crowded trans site is therefore unavoidable in the resting states. Thus the resting state of the (tBuPPP)Ir catalyst is destabilized by the unusual architecture of the ligand, and this is largely responsible for its unusually high catalytic activity.
Improving ΔΔG predictions with a multi-task convolutional Siamese Network
Authors: McNutt Andrew , Koes David
Published: December 2021

The lead optimization phase of drug discovery refines an initial hit molecule for desired properties, especially potency. Synthesis and experimental testing of the small perturbations during this refinement can be quite costly and time consuming. Relative binding free energy (RBFE, also referred to as ∆∆G) methods allow the estimation of binding free energy changes after small changes to a ligand scaffold. Here we propose and evaluate a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Siamese network for the prediction of RBFE between two bound ligands. We show that our multi-task loss is able to improve on a previous state-of-the-art Siamese network for RBFE prediction via increased regularization of the latent space. The Siamese network architecture is well suited to the prediction of RBFE in comparison to a standard CNN trained on the same data (Pearson’s R of 0.553 and 0.5, respectively). When evaluated on a left-out protein family, our CNN Siamese network shows variability in its RBFE predictive performance depending on the protein family being evaluated (Pearson’s R ranging from-0.44 to 0.97). RBFE prediction performance can be improved during generalization by injecting only a few examples (few-shot learning) from the evaluation dataset during model training.
Polyyne [3]rotaxanes: Synthesis via dicobalt carbonyl complexes and enhanced stability
Authors: Patrick Connor , Woods Joseph , Gawel Przemyslaw , Otteson Claire , Thompson Amber , Claridge Tim , Jasti Ramesh , Anderson Harry
Published: December 2021

New strategies for synthesizing polyyne polyrotaxanes are being developed as an approach to stable carbyne ‘insulated molecular wires’. Here we report an active metal template route to polyyne [3]rotaxanes, using dicobalt carbonyl masked alkyne equivalents. We synthesized two [3]rotaxanes, both with the same C28 polyyne dumbbell component, one with a phenanthroline-based macrocycle and one using a 2,6-pyridyl cycloparaphenylene nanohoop. The thermal stabilities of the two rotaxanes were compared with that of the naked polyyne dumbbell in decalin at 80 °C, and the nanohoop rotaxane was found to be 4.5 times more stable.
A new species of Artabotrys (Annonaceae) from the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Sujana K.A , Vadhyar R.G.
Published: December 2021

A new species, Artabotrys sericeus Sujana & Vadhyar, is described from Tamil Nadu, India. The new species shows some resemblance to Artabotrys zeylanicus Hook.f. & Thomson, but it can be easily distinguished by the shape, size, colour and indumentum of the petals as well as the shape and texture of the monocarps. Illustrations, photographs and SEM images of the pollen grains of the new species are provided. The conservation status of the new species is also assessed.
Begonia arunachalensis (Begoniaceae), a new tuberous species of Begonia from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Borah D. , Taram M. , Yama L. , Wahlsteen E.
Published: December 2021

A new species, Begonia arunachalensis D.Borah & Wahlsteen (Begoniaceae) is described and illustrated. It is distributed in Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh where it grows near streams in rock crevices. Begonia arunachalensis is similar to B. brevicaulis A.DC. but differs in its pendent fruits, number of locules and capsule wings, and longer lateral wings. It belongs to Begonia sect. Diploclinium.
PAF y el colectivo LGBTI
Authors:   University of Washington, Washington, USA, Plummer Mary D.
Published: December 2021

"El panorama de la psicoterapia con clientes lesbianas, gays, bisexuales, transexuales e intersexuales (LGBTI) ha evolucionado tan drásticamente en la historia reciente que parecería irreconocible para quienes definieron el campo hace sólo cinco décadas. La primera edición del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM, American Psychiatric Association, 1952) describía la “homosexualidad” como una alteración de la personalidad sociopática que requería un tratamiento a largo plazo. Casi tres décadas más tarde, catalizado en parte por el movimiento de liberación gay, así como por la investigación sobre la prevalencia y los correlatos psicológicos de la atracción por el mismo sexo y la conducta sexual (Hooker, 1957; Kinsey et al., 1948; Kinsey et al., 1953), el DSM-III cambió de dirección, volviendo a categorizar la “homosexualidad” como un “trastorno de la orientación sexual” (Asociación Americana de Psicología, 1980). No fue hasta 1987 que la profesión eliminó todos los restos de sus anteriores caracterizaciones de “el homosexual” como perturbado, patológico, o regresivo del sistema DSM (DSM-III-R, American Psychiatric Association, 1987)..."
Causas y consecuencias de los trastornos de la tiroides
Authors: Zambrano Palacios Fabián Marcelo , Soledispa Zambrano Maria Lissette , Demera Reyna Genesis Monserrate , Alvarado Cedeño Jonathan David
Published: December 2021

Millones de personas, pueden padecer algún trastorno de la tiroides, pero su diagnostico en muchos casos puede ser complejo, ya que los síntomas están mas asociados a los estilos de vida de las personas, las causas pueden ser diversas, como es el caso de la falta o exceso de yodo que pueden producir alteraciones de nódulos y enfermedades autoinmunes, la enfermedad de Graves es una de las causantes del hipertiroidismo y así otras enfermedades que pueden generar otras alteraciones de la tiroides. La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enfoca hacia una metodología enfocada hacia la necesidad de indagar en forma precisa y coherente una situación. Enmarcada dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es causas y consecuencias de los trastornos de la tiroides. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales impresos, audiovisuales y electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. Las hormonas tiroideas son muy importantes, ya que regulan muchas funciones y procesos metabólicos, para que las hormonas tiroideas funciones normalmente, es necesario que la glándula tiroidea se desarrolle normalmente, y para que esto suceda es necesario que haya un soporte nutricional de yodo adecuado, la propia autorregulación tiroidea, el desarrollo normal de los procesos controlados y regulados por el hipotálamo-hipofisario, entre otros. Y esto es importante, ya que el eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-tiroides, regulan las hormonas tiroideas, que permiten mantener un aporte de hormonas adecuado al sistema nervioso, el exceso o deficiencia de estas hormonas pueden producir alteraciones criticas en la vida intrauterina, los primeros años de vida, adolescencia y la etapa adulta.
The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Orthopaedic and Traumatology Residents in Indonesia
Authors: Deviandri Romy , Ismiarto Yoyos Dias
Published: December 2021

Gangguan muskuloskeletal sangat sering terjadi pada residen orthopedi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan jenis gangguan muskulosketal pada residen orthopedi di rumah sakit Hasak Sadikin, Bandung. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu survei deskriptif-analitik pada semua residen orthopedi di kota Bandung dengan jumlah total subjek 56 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi gangguan muskuloskeletal terbanyak terdapat pada area punggung bawah (50%), diikuti pada leher (46,5%), pergelangan tangan (28,6%), pergelangan kaki (28,6%), bahu (21,4%), lutut (10,7%), paha dan bokong (10,7%), punggung atas (7,1%), dan siku (0%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini, nyeri punggung bawah serta nyeri leher merupakan gangguan muskuloskeletal tersering pada residen orthopedi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya gangguan ini pada populasi residen orthopedi
Seismic Isolation and Response Control
Authors: Apostolidi Eftychia , Dritsos Stephanos , Giarlelis Christos , Jara José , Sutcu Fatih , Takeuchi Toru , White Joe
Published: December 2021

The seismic resilience of new and existing structures is a key priority for the protection of human lives and the reduction of economic losses in earthquake prone areas. The modern seismic codes have focused on the upgrade of the structural performance of the new and existing structures. However, in many cases it is preferrable to mitigate the effects of the earthquakes by reducing the induced loads in the structures using seismic isolation and response control devices. The limited expertise in the selection and design of the appropriate system for new and existing structures
is the main challenge for an extensive use of seismic isolation and response control systems in practice.

This document aims to provide a practical guide by presenting a collection of the most commonly used seismic isolation and response control systems and a critical evaluation of the main characteristics of these systems. Comparisons of the key parameters of the design processes for new buildings with seismic isolation are presented, while the application of seismic isolation systems and response control systems for the retrofitting of existing structures is also examined, followed by various case studies from Greece, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, and Turkey.

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Modus Barbara: logical-phenomenological experiment of the explanation of the emoji language
Authors: Makhachashvili R. , Bakhtina A.
Published: December 2021

In the paper the sign of the emoji language is investigated through the logical-linguistic lense. The authors conclude that the explanation of the content plane and expression plane of an optical sign (and therefore a non-linear one), due to the bilaterality of its structure, is inexhaustible, since the optics of emoji include psychophysiological factors that appeal to the linguistic and extralinguistic elements of the formation of the signs. Consequently, the substrate for the investigation of the emoji sign is nominated as polyilaterality. The latter allows the synthesis of the structural (logical) level and the conceptual (phenomenological) level of the explanation of the sign, because the content plane and the expression plane of the optical sign is both in its form and in the semantic load. The study focuses on an empirical experiment initiated by the authors: a survey created on the basis of a Google Forms "Emoji Association", containing 147 perceptions and interpretations of emoji signs. The experiment is tested through G. Frege's semantic triangle, which schematically demonstrates a bilateral approach to the word content plane, depending on both the abstract denotation (proper word) and the specific meaning (word meaning). With an emphasis on polyilaterality and its verification, hypothetical-deductive syllogisms are created (in particular, according to the sign investigated in the paper, a syllogism is created in the modus of the first Barbara figure, AAA), which includes interpretive-lexemes, which, according to the digital analysis of the responses using the Voyant Tools web application, are more common in frequency. Therefore, the authors approbate the verification of the meaning of the emoji sign using such science as logic, which visualizes the denotation and individual interpretations of the sign in the true-false dichotomy. According to the results of the experimental logical-linguistic approach to the investigation of the emoji sign, it is concluded that the logical tools used in the article disclose the fractalization of the forms of the agrammatism of the emoji sign with their verbal versions of the formants with subsequent verification of both.
DISCURSIVE PRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE 2001-2002 AND 2020-2021 MEDIA TEXTS: A CORPUS BASED ANALYSIS
Authors: Tsapro G. , Semeniuk A.
Published: December 2021

This paper is devoted to a corpus based contrastive analysis of the lemma WOMEN in “The Economist” articles published in 2001-2002 and 2020-2021 years. Media discourse is seen as an influential tool which, on the one hand, reflects what is going on in the world, but on the other, influences people’s views on different subjects whether they are political or economic ones forming some specific stereotypical images. Gender stereotypes impose certain behavioural models on men and women prescribing social roles as well as outlining their activities and choices in various social and professional fields. The media in its turn is a reflection of gender marked expectations imposed on both men and women by society. The SketchEngine and LancsBox have been used to process the collocates with WOMEN concentrating mostly on the following ones: empower+WOMEN; encourage+WOMEN; help+WOMEN; WOMEN+take; young+WOMEN; WOMEN+and. The corpus analysis together with critical discourse analysis have been applied to interpret the obtained results with further comparative analysis. The study proves that the way how women are depicted in the news stories have changed greatly over the period of 20 years’ time. The media discourse of recent years offers images when women are empowered, encouraged and helped. Women as active agents with the verb “take” are also depicted in the latest articles. The collocates showing WOMEN’s connections are similar for both corpora, which are MEN and CHILDREN. The most frequently discussed topics of the years 2020-2021 touch upon education, career prospects, relationships, defending personal dignity, becoming more independent; while the media discourse of the beginning of 21st century mostly presents fields of education and work. Young women are shown in troublesome situations in 2001-2002 newspaper articles, whereas 2020-2021 young women demonstrate a confident position in society. The further research perspectives can deal with the study of Ukrainian media discourse, which will enable a contrastive analysis of WOMEN discursive representation in British and Ukrainian newspapers.
Korona, Korona Virüsü, Kovid-19, Pandemi, Virüs sözcüklerinin tanımı, kökeni ve yazımı
Authors: ERASLAN Ebubekir
Published: December 2021

Tüm dünyayı 2020 yılı içerisinde tamamen etkisi altına alan, şu an için altı milyona yakın insanın ölümüne neden olan küresel salgın yüzünden, dünyadaki tüm dillerde olduğu gibi Türkçeye de yepyeni sözcükler, yapılar ve yazımlar gelmiştir. Korona, korona virüsü, kovid-19, pandemi, virüs gibi sözcükler bunlar içerisinde en önde gelenleri olarak neredeyse iki senedir hayatımızın ve de dilimizin içerisinde yaşamaktadır. Dünya genelini etkileyen böyle bir büyük salgının neredeyse bir asırdır görülmemesi, hızlıca tüm dünyaya yayılması, ülkelerin çok hızlı bir şekilde kısıtlamalara gitmek mecburiyetinde kalmaları vb. sebeplerle söz konusu sözcükler konuşulamadan, tartışılamadan dilleri etkiledi ve etkilemeye devam etmektedir. Türkiye’de korona, korona virüsü, kovid 19, pandemi, virüs gibi kelimelere bakıldığında bu sözcüklerin tanımlarının net bir şekilde yapılamadığı, kökenlerine dair farklı farklı görüşlerin olduğu, yazımları konusunda hâlâ bir birlikteliğin sağlanamadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Tüm bunların tespit edilerek bilimsel çıktılarının bir an evvel ortaya çıkarılması, yanlışların doğrulanması, eksikliklerin giderilmesi, doğruların da yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bunun için başta Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı olmak üzere, Türk Dil Kurumu, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları, Yazılı ve Görsel Basın ve toplumun tüm kesimlerine düşen büyük sorumluluklar bulunmaktadır. Tüm bu kurum ve kuruluşlarla, fertlerin bağımlı ve bağımsız olarak yapacakları faaliyetlerle daha kalıcı çözümlere ulaşılabileceği gerçeği apaçık bir şekilde ortadadır.
KKTC Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki etkinliklerin Yenilenmiş Bloom Sınıflandırması’na göre incelenmesi: 6. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabı örneği
Authors: SARIKAYA Bünyamin , ŞAKİROĞLU Yunus
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, KKTC Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki etkinliklerin Yenilenmiş Bloom Sınıflandırması’na göre incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda KKTC 6. sınıf Türkçe ders kitabındaki okuma metinlerinde yer alan etkinlikler Yenilenmiş Bloom Sınıflandırması’nın hatırlama, anlama, uygulama, çözümleme, değerlendirme ve yaratma basamaklarına göre ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesinin kullanıldığı çalışmada veriler betimsel analiz yöntemi ile çözümlenmiş ve ihtiyaç duyulan her aşamada uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Çalışmanın materyalini KKTC Milli Eğitim ve Kültür Bakanlığı tarafından 2018 yılında yayımlanan “Türkçe 6. Sınıf 1. Kitap” oluşturmaktadır. KKTC Türkçe dersleri, her sınıf düzeyinde 2 ayrı kitaptan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da Türkçe 6. Sınıf 1. Kitap’taki okuma metinlerinde yer alan etkinlikler değerlendirilmiştir. İlgili kitap 3 tema ve her temada yer alan 5 okuma ve 1 serbest okuma metninden oluşmaktadır. KKTC Türkçe 6. sınıf 1. ders kitabında toplam 95 etkinliğin yer aldığı ve bunlardan 57’sinin tür çalışmasına, 38’inin ise dil bilgisi çalışmalarına yönelik olduğu saptanmıştır. Etkinliklerin Yenilenmiş Bloom Sınıflandırması’na göre dağılımı incelendiğinde hem tür hem de dil bilgisi çalışmalarının büyük kısmının hatırlama, anlama ve yaratma basamaklarına uygun olduğu ancak çözümleme basamağına uygun hiçbir etkinliğin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ulaşılan bulgular alan yazında benzer konuda yapılmış çalışmaların sonuçlarıyla tartışılmış ve bu bağlamda alan yazına katkı sunacağı düşünülen önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Şeyh Necmüddîn-i Razî’nin Üç Tasavvuf Risalesinde Şemʻu Pervâne Şiirleri
Authors: BAŞÇI Veysel
Published: December 2021

XIII. yüzyılın ünlü mutasavvıflarından Şeyh Necmüddîn-i Razî (Dâye), Mirsâdü’l-İbâd, Mermûzât-ı Esedî ve Işk u Akl adlı üç tasavvufi eserinde şem‘u pervâne şiirlerine yer vermiştir. Pek çok sufi şair gibi Razî’de, klasik tasavvuf edebiyatında sıklıkla görülen şemʻu pervâne şiirlerini, teşhis ve tasvir sanatıyla, âşık ve maşuk iki mecazi karakter şeklinde ele almıştır. Bazen ruhu temsil eden pervâne’nin varlığını, ezeli güzelliğin sembolü olan şem‘in ateşinde yok etmiş bazen bu iki sembolü, akıl ile âşkın mecazî münazarası üzerinden birbiriyle karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Razî’nin, âşk, cezbe ve muhabbet merkezli tarîk-i şuttâr anlayışının ibadetle sentezlenmiş tasavvufi düşüncelerini yansıtan bu şiirler, edebî açıdan estetik olduğu kadar içerik açısından da oldukça zengindir. Söz konusu şiirlerde ay, güneş ve sevgili olarak işlenen semboller tasavvuf öğretisi çerçevesinde bazen ilâhî nur, mutlak sevgili, mürşid-i kâmil, ruhun yüceliği ve nefsin köreltilmesi gibi zengin manaları da ihtiva etmektedir. Bu zengin manaları göstermek için makalede Razî’nin hayatı, tasavvufi yönü, edebî kişiliği ve şiirleri ile adı geçen üç eseri hakkında bilgiler verilmiş olup, mezkûr eserlerindeki toplam elli yedi beyit olan şem‘u pervâne şiirlerinin tamamı, özellikleri ve muhtevasıyla birlikte ortaya konarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca söz konusu şiirler, Türkçeye çevrilmek suretiyle tasavvuf edebiyatı literatürüne kazandırılmıştır.
نصوص المال الحرام في القرآن الكريم: مقاربة دلالية بيانية
Authors: KADDUM Mahmud , ALAMİ Abdellah
Published: December 2021

يسعى هذا البحث لمقاربة وتحليل أوجه المال الحرام؛ انطلاقا من النصوص المؤطرة لهذه المعاملة المالية في القرآن الكريم. حيث وَضَعَ المشرع قاعدة عامة في قوانين المعاملات المالية في القرآن، وهي حُرمَة تَغَوّل أموال الناس بالباطل لسلطة أو جاه أو غيره. قال تعالى: ﴿وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى الحُكَّامِ لِتَأكُلُوا فَرِيقًا من أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ بِالْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ﴾. سورة البقرة، الآية: 188. وقد اعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي التَّحليلي؛ فبدأ الوصف أوَّلاً لتقعيد الظَّاهرة اللُّغويّة من خلال النصوص المؤطرة لهذه المعاملة المالية في القرآن الكريم. ثمَّ تّحليل هذه الآيات ودراسة ما فيها من وجوه البيان والإعجاز. بدأ البحث بدراسة وجوه تَغول المال الحرام، إما بالسلطة، أو الرِّشوة، وغيرها من طرق اكتساب المال بالوجوه غير المشروعة. حيث خاطب الشارع المكلف بالتشريع أثناء النهي عن تغول الأموال بالباطل غصبا بلُغة مباشرة، قال تعالى:﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْكُمْ﴾، سورة النساء، الآية: 29 وقد صُدِّر هذا البيان بقوله تعالى:(يا أيها الذين آمنوا)؛ لأنه يحمل ضوابط شديدة الأهمية، تتعلق بالأموال والأنفس. ثم درس البحث طُرق تحريم القرآن لمعاملة الربا، التي تدَرَّج المشرع في النهي عنها؛ حيث بدأ الشارع في تحريم الربا بتصوير حالة آكليه بصورة بشعة في البداية، والغاية من ذلك التأثير في المخاطب، وإقناعه بالتخلي عن هذا النوع من المعاملة، وقال تعالى: ﴿الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبَا لَا يَقُومُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ. ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا إِنَّمَا الْبَيْعُ مِثْلُ الرِّبَا. وَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا. فَمَن جَاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِ فَانتَهَىٰ فَلَهُ مَا سَلَفَ وَأَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ. وَمَنْ عَادَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ﴾. سورة البقرة، الآية: 275 ليختم بحكم قاطع يحذر من الاستمرار في هذه المعاملة بأسلوب قوي حاسم يحمل دلالات مختلفة، فبعد تبشيع صورة التعامل بالربا والنهي عنه، أعقب الشارع بوعيد لمرتكبه، بأسلوب قوي رادع، للتأثير في المخاطب بالتشريع، قال تعالى: ﴿يَمْحَقُ اللَّهُ الرِّبَا وَيُرْبِي الصَّدَقَاتِ. وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ أَثِيمٍ﴾، سورة البقرة، الآية: 276. وفي النهاية بين البحث طرق المال المكتسب عن طريق القِمار، وذلك بكشف طرق تصوير هذه المعاملة، والنهي عنها لما تسببه من اضطراب على مستوى الفرد والجماعات. لهذا واجه التشريع هذه العادة التي تفشَّت في المجتمع الجاهلي، وقدم بالجملة الاستهلالية ﴿يا أيها الذين آمنوا﴾ في قوله تعالى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ. إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاءَ فِي الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَعَنِ الصَّلَاةِ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ﴾. المائدة، الآية:90 -91 على عادة النصوص التي تقرر قوانين قرآنية ثقيلة على نفوس المخاطبين.
Analysis of everyday life and everyday resistance of the housewives in Rachel Cusk’s Arlington Park (2006)
Authors: HAN Gözde , TURNA Nalan
Published: December 2021

Sociologists of everyday life have regenerated the notion of everyday with creative potential, especially after the 1970s. The ability to make the familiar unfamiliar has posited everyday life studies with multifaceted realities which can embrace the human situation of emancipation and oppression. The mundane reality of everyday life practices is freighted with power and resistance. Therefore, everyday life practices have to be scrutinized as they have become a site upon which agency is situated. In this sense, the sphere of everyday life can be regarded as a space of exploitation and liberation at the same time. The power relations in everyday life practices conceptualize the notion in a contested manner; thus, resistance. The present paper will analyze the everyday life practices of housewives in the suburb of London to discover the resistance and the possibility of emancipation narrated in the novel Arlington Park (2006) written by Rachel Cusk. The analysis here is based on Henri Lefebvre’s theorization of the notion in a dialectical manner, suggesting that it can be both oppressive and liberative. Discovering the potential everyday holds for the housewives accentuates the value of domestic labor in transforming the female actors. In this sense, Michel de Certeau’s celebration of everyday as a sphere of resistance will be taken into account in analyzing the resistant activities of the housewives in the abovementioned novel. This paper proposes the possibility of emancipation for the housewives who carry out their everyday practices by situating the notion of everyday as a mediator space.
THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE, ECOSYSTEMS, NATURE-LIKE TECHNOLOGIES, SCIENCE AND EDUCATION, CONFLICTS DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NINTH TECHNOLOGICAL ORDER
Authors: Glushchenko Valery V.
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article is the ecosystem approach in the modernization of transport systems during the formation of the 8th technological order; the object of the article is the sphere of transport; the purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of management of the development of transport ecosystems; to achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: the tasks of system analysis of the development of a new technological order in the transport industry are clarified; the methodology of system analysis of international transport corridors is formed; the image of the future ecosystem of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) is synthesized after modernization on the basis of scientific achievements of the 8th technological order; scientific methods are the theory of hierarchical systems, system synthesis and analysis, logical and heuristic methods, system approach, heuristic forecasting, expert methods, efficiency theory; scientific novelty of the work is determined by the development of methods of system analysis in the field of transport, the methodology of forming the program of modernization of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) on the basis of scientific achievements of the 8th technological order.