bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSTULAT PRZENIESIENIA AMERYKAŃSKIEJ KONCEPCJI „PLANU WYCHOWAWCZEGO” ROZWODZĄCYCH SIĘ RODZICÓW NA GRUNT PRAWA POLSKIEGO
Authors: Stojanowska Wanda
Published: June 2017

The Postulate for Importing an American Concept of the „Upbringing Plan” of the Divorcing Parent into the Polish Family LawSummaryThe article presents the way in which the „upbringing plan” of divorcing parents functions in the United States on the example of its application in the states of Washington and Michigan. The American legislator created conditions for realization of the idea of a mutual performance of the parental authority by divorced parents among other things by means of a detailed regulation on the manner of preparation of such a plan according to a „Questionnaire” designed for this aim.This „upbringing plan” is to fulfil in particular four functions: a) to simplify parent’s regulation of the situation after the divorce; b) normative function; c) educational function; d) preventive function.The author critically analysis the provisions of the family and custodian code regulating the forms of the determinations regarding the parental authority in the divorce verdict and she compares them with American provisions on the „upbringing plan”. On these basis she concludes that first the plan is a perfect concept from both the legal and psychological perspective aiming at protecting the child’s good and second it ideally suits Polish divorce law, both de lege lata and de lege ferendoj It is, however, important in what manner the change of law will be performed.This kind of interception of a modern legislative solution provided for in America in the author’s view would definitely eliminate problems connected with the performance of the parental authority by divorced parents.
FUNKCJE ZNAKU TOWAROWEGO W ORZECZNICTWIE EUROPEJSKIEGO TRYBUNAŁU SPRAWIEDLIWOŚCI
Authors: Żuraw Monika
Published: June 2017

F u n c t io n s o f a T r a d e m a r k A c c o r d in g t o t h e J u r is d ic t io n o f t h e E u r o p e a n C o u r t o f J u s t ic eSummaryThe scope of protection of the functions fulfilled by trademarks determines most of the issues of the trademark law. The formulation of relevant provisions of the First Directive 89/104/EEC of the Council, of 21 December 1988, to Approximate the Laws of the Member States Relating to Trade Marks („Directive”) leave most of the issues open for interpretation. Therefore, it is the role of the European Court of Justice („ECJ”) to define to what extent the origin, quality and advertising functions should be protected. The article presents in chronological order all ECJ’s verdicts referring to the functions of a trademark issued both before and after entering into force of the Directive. The verdicts above all regard the issues of the trademark infringement, the distinguishing capability of a trademark, exhaustion and the limitations of the right to a trademark. It transpires from the review of the verdicts that ECJ refers most of the issues to the ‘essential function of a trademark’, which is distinguishing goods originating form different enterprises, the concept worked out long before the Directive was introduced. As a result, it is still the origin function that is protected vast more broadly than other functions, which - as it seems - does not meet the needs of the contemporary turnover. Nevertheless, the formulation of most of ECJ’s rulings is so general that it allows future modifications for the benefit of broadening the protection of the quality and advertising functions.
WYDANIE LISTU ŻELAZNEGO JAKO REZULTAT PERTRAKTACJI PROCESOWYCH
Authors: Struczyk Edward
Published: June 2017

The Safe - conduct Decision Issue as a Result of the Proceedings NegotiationSummaryThe article presents the normative structure of the safe-conduct perceived as a way to enter into a contract between the defendant and a competent district court. In principle, the settlement prevents the defendant from being arrested. But on the other hand the safe-conduct benefits the administration of justice by making it possible to initiate penal proceedings against such a defendant. The mutual advantages bought by the safe-conduct decision allow us to treat the preceding procedure as a phase of the proceedings negotiation.
Krzysztof Amielańczyk, Rzymskie prawo karne w reskryptach cesarza Hadriana, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2006, ss. 289
Authors: Zabłocki Jan
Published: June 2017

Krzysztof Amielańczyk, Rzymskie prawo karne w reskryptach cesarza Hadriana, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2006, ss. 289
INSIDIATOREM INTERFICI IURE POSSE KONTRATYPY JAKO SPOSÓB OBRONY W PROCESIE – PRO MILONE CYCERONA
Authors: Loska Elżbieta
Published: June 2017

Insidiatorem interfici iure posse. Legitimate Defence as the Method of Legal Argumentation – pro MiloneSummaryIn the trial of Titus Annius Milo, charged for a murder, the strategy of defence was constructed upon the fact that the defendant had acted in self-defence. According to Cicero the circumstances which could be perceived as justified were those in which one undertook a forcible course of action against the violence. The orator explains that the common sense gives all the people a possibility of defence against any unjustified act of aggression. Each human being is supposed to know this rule from the very beginning of his life. Therefore in a situation of a life danger caused by an enemy or an villain, every action taken to eliminate it finds a full moral justification.
PSYCHOLOGICZNE UWARUNKOWANIA ZACHOWAŃ DZIECI WYRZĄDZAJĄCYCH SZKODĘ A ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ RODZICÓW Z TYTUŁU NADZORU NAD NIMI
Authors: Słyk Jerzy
Published: June 2017

Psychological Considerations of the Behavior of Children Causing a Damage and Parents’ Liability for SupervisionSummaryThe study concerns the problem of parents’ compensatory liability for a damage caused by their children in a psychological perspective.The author presents basic issues being the subject of the studies on children’s psychology and refers them to the problem of parents’ civil liability for damages caused by their children. First the paper discusses results of the selected researches concerning the relation between the development of a child and his experiences from the early childhood. Then the author introduces scientific typology of so called parental attitudes, parental styles and systems of family upbringing. and afterwards analyses the reasons for children’s aggressive attitudes.The performed analysis enabled the author to draw conclusions related to the application of the law. They concern wide range of liability for child complying not only care but also children’s upbringing.
TELEPRACA JAKO PRZEDMIOT POROZUMIENIA RAMOWEGO Z DNIA 16 LIPCA 2002 R.
Authors: Karbowska Sylwia
Published: June 2017

Telework as the Subject of the Framework Agreement Dated 16 July 2002SummaryThis article deals with the rules of conducting a telework that were approved by the social partners at the European Union level in a form of an autonomous agreement.The first chapter describes the recent changes in work environment, including a dynamic development of modern information and telecommunication technologies, which have enabled an introduction of more flexible solutions to the organization of work a telework being one of them. It shows the circumstances in which the idea of a telework emerged as well as the increase in its popularity in the world.The second chapter covers the historical background of concluding the Framework Agreement on a telework in the light of the social dialogue development at the level of European Union’s institutions. The consultancy procedure for the social partners defined in the articles 137-139 of the Treaty Establishing the European Community was mentioned as the basis for concluding the autonomous agreements. The legal status of the Framework Agreement is also clarified therein.The third chapter describes the solutions adopted by the Framework Agreement, including a definition of a telework incorporating its internal differentiation, features of teleworking as well as the rules of conducting the telework according to European social partners.In the final chapter, the author raised the issue of implementing the rules of the Framework Agreement in selected countries of the European Union and emphasised the difficulties that have emerged.
DOROTA BUGAJNA-SPORCZYK, EWA DZBEŃSKA, IZABELLA JANSON, MARIA SZTEKIER-ŁABUSZEWSKA, Fundacje i stowarzyszenia. Prawo i praktyka, Wydawnictwo Zrzeszenia Prawników Polskich, Warszawa 2005, ss. 527
Authors: Palmirski Tomasz
Published: June 2017

DOROTA BUGAJNA-SPORCZYK, EWA DZBEŃSKA, IZABELLA JANSON, MARIA SZTEKIER-ŁABUSZEWSKA, Fundacje i stowarzyszenia. Prawo i praktyka, Wydawnictwo Zrzeszenia Prawników Polskich, Warszawa 2005, ss. 527
RENATA ŚWIRGOŃ-SKOK, Nieruchomość i zasady akcesji według prawa rzymskiego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Rzeszów 2007, ss. 196
Authors: Zabłocki Jan
Published: June 2017

RENATA ŚWIRGOŃ-SKOK, Nieruchomość i zasady akcesji według prawa rzymskiego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Rzeszów 2007, ss. 196
Determination of optimal assemblies of software-based Ortho-SUV frame for correction of complex midfoot and hindfoot deformities
Authors: Solomin L. N. , Ukhanov K. A. , Mashkov V. M. , Glusman M. I.
Published: June 2017

Aim: to find the optimal configuration of passive computer-assisted ORTO-SUV device for the correction of complicated midfoot and hindfoot deformities. Material and methods: The study was carried out using plastic “shin-foot”complexes, on which different versions of Orto-SUV device layout: five versions for midfoot deformities and three versions for hindfoot deformities. A model providing maximum amplitude of the movement was considered optimal. Results: Optimal layout for midfoot provides dorsiflexion of 41,1±1,7°; plantar flexion - 32,1±1,4°; supination - 53,3±1,8°; pronation - 35±1,6°; abduction - 44,2±2,1°; adduction - 43,2±1,7°. Optimal layout for the correction of hindfoot deformities provides rotation in sagittal plane upwards - 96,5±2,4°;rotation in sagittal plane downwards - 36,2±1,4°;“varusation” (angulationmedially in the frontal plane) - 31±1,3°; “valgusation” (in the frontal plane outwards) - 44,5±1,9°; movement upwards and backwards, angle of 45° to the horizontal plane - 86,4±1,2 mm; movement downwards and anteriorly, angle of 45° to the horizontal plane - 81,5±1,1 mm.
THE STRUCTURE OF EARLY REVISIONS AFTER HIP REPLACEMENT
Authors: Tikhilov R. M. , Shubnyakov I. I. , Kovalenko A. N. , Totoyev Z. A. , Lyu B. , Bilyk S. S.
Published: June 2017

The authors retrospectively reviewed RNIITO Arthroplasty Registry data of revision total hip arthroplasties performed in RNIITO in 3 year period (2011-2013). Part of early revisions within 5 years after the index procedure in general revision structure was 33% . Two hundred seventy three (64%) procedures had infection reason, 79 (19%) - aseptic loosening, 35 (8%) - dislocation and 27 (6%) - periprosthetic fractures in reasons of revision, respectively. More than half of revisions were performed within the first year after the index procedure. Early primary revisions after index total hip arthroplasty were performed in 254 (59,8%)cases, and repeated revisions were performed in 171cases one or more times. Of early primary revisions 125(49,2%) patients had index total hip athroplasty in our hospital, and 129 (50,8%) patients had index total hip athroplasty in other hospitals of Russian Federation. Our THA early revision structure is differs significantly from published in literature, moreover there is difference between revision reasons after primary total hip arthroplasty of our hospital and other hospitals. Revision reasons structure doesn’t show rate of primary THA complications, but defines main problems that should be solved.
Osteoporosis and osteomalacia - clinical and diagnostic problems
Authors: Avrunin A. S.
Published: June 2017

Aim: to define main clinical and diagnostical problems related to osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Literature data showed that not only osteoporosis but osteomalacia may be the reason for decreasing of mechanical properties of skeleton with risk of low-energy fractures. The solution of associated medical and social problems is difficult because DEXA does not allow to differentiate between osteoporosis and osteomalacia that leads to misdiagnosis and unnecessary prescription of antiosteoporotic drugs. This approach is pathogenetically unproved and even may be harmful for the patient. Osteoporosis and osteomalacia does not exclude each other so bone mass reducing in one cohort of patient may be due to osteoporosis, other - osteomalacia and some of them - combinations of both. Another point is that results of controlled clinical trials that evaluated efficacy of antiosteoporotic drugs without differentiative histology tests for osteoporosis and osteomalacia are of doubtful value. As the bone biopsy that is necessary for osteomalacia diagnosis is invasive procedure there is need in definition of clear criteria when it has to be done in patient with reduced bone mass.
Diagnostic of patellar instability after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Zhizhenkova T. V. , Danilyak V. V. , Kluchevsky V. V. , Kluchevsky V. V.
Published: June 2017

Objectives - to identify main reasons of patella instability after primary total knee arthroplasty, and to determine further treatment strategy of this complication. Material and methods. Since 2011 till 2014 1098 total knee arthroplasties have been performed in Yaroslavl Regional Hospital for Veterans of Wars. We observed 14 (1.3%) patients with postoperative patella instability The evaluation included clinical and radiographic methods. Rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial components was studied by computed tomography (CT) scanner. Conclusion. Position of the femoral components ranged from 2° excessive external to 8° excessive internal rotation. Position of the tibial components ranged from 0° to 6° excessive internal rotation. The summary endoprosthetic position ranged from 1 ° to 10° excessive internal rotation. We found direct correlation between summary implant internal rotation and the severity of postoperative complications in patellafemoral joint. Results. The main reason of the patella instability is implant summary internal malrotation. Extensive lateral release with patella resurfacing was sufficient for pain relief and tracking correction if the combined internal rotation did not exceed 6°. Large value of internal malrotation was the indication for revision surgery with selective approach.
Osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures: dynamic hip screw (DHS) or mini-invasive Targon FN system?
Authors: Dulaev A. K. , Tsed A. N. , Dzhusoev I. G. , Usubaliev K. N.
Published: June 2017

Objectives: to investigate the long-term outcomes of femoral neck fractures that were surgically fixed using various types of extramedullary implants in patients aged 65 years and younger. Material and methods: We analyzed the clinical results of surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures by extramedullary osteosynthesis in 94 patients aged 38 to 65 years old (71 women and 23 men). The patients were divided into 3 groups according to AO/ASIF fracture classification. We used different techniques of osteosynthesis: with DHS or with Targon FN. In all patients the mental status rate SPMSQ), osteoporosis degree (Singh index), general somatic status (WHO scale) were evaluated in the preoperative period. We also evaluated next intraoperative parameters: duration of surgery, blood loss, quality of reduction, long of incision. In a year after surgery we assessed functional results (Harris Hip Score) and analysed postoperative complications. Results: It was found the inverse correlation (r = -0,8) of total preoperative parameters (WHO scale, the Singh index and mental status SPMSQ) and postoperative functional results on Harris Hip Score. With the reliability of p
Surgical treatment of children with non-traumatic old atlanto-axial rotatory fixation
Authors: Gubin A. V. , Burtsev A. V. , Ryabykh S. O. , Savin D. M. , Ochirova P. V. , Korkin A. A.
Published: June 2017

Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AORF) develops on the background of acute torticollis. Widely adopted terms such as C1 subluxation or atlantooccipital rotational subluxation do not reflect the core of this pathology and carry negative weight in the diagnostics and treatment of AORF. Retrospective analysis of the diagnostics and treatment outcome of 5 children with confirmed AORF diagnosis and literature review were performed. Clinical method, radiography and functional computer tomography were used to verify the diagnosis. De-rotational halo-traction and open correction with screw fixation were applied for treatment. Head position was managed to be improved in all patients. In one case the reduction was performed using correction in suboccipital segments and in other 4 cases the correction and fixation by Harms and de-rotational halo-traction allowed to correct torticollis. The pain syndrome had been arrested completely. Disease outcome resulted in formation of C1-C2 fibrous or bone fusion regardless the method of treatment. The patients with neglected AORF represent a great challenge for diagnostics and treatment. When conservative treatment fails it is necessary to involve de-rotational halo-traction with possible application of open reduction and posterior fusion. The purpose of treatment is to eliminate torticollis and pain using creation of proper C1-C2 alignment. The motions in atlantooccipital joint do not restore due to formation of the fibrous or bone fusion.
MENEMUKAN DIMENSI LAIN DALAM DIRI MELALUI KEGIATAN MEMBACA
Authors: Ramadhan Febi
Published: June 2017

Membaca merupakan pintu gerbang masuknya peradaban dan pengetahuanke dalam diri manusia. Sebegitu dahsyatnya pengaruh membaca sehingga mampumemotivasi banyak orang untuk membaca. Tak sedikit tokoh-tokoh pembaharudunia yang tumbuh dan besar dari membaca. Lebih gila lagi, berbekalkan buku yangdibaca mereka bisa mengenal dan berinteraksi dengan penulis dan tokoh dunia. Namun demikian, tak sedikit pula orang yang berasumsi bahwa membacamerupakan kegiatan yang membosankan dan belum dianggap penting. Kegiatanyang seharusnya dibudayakan dan menjadi tali penghubung ilmu pengetahuannyatanya belum mendapat tempat istimewa dikalangan masyarakat.Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam pembahasan artikel ini adalah apa yangharus dilakukan dan cara apa yang harus ditempuh guna menyakralkan kembalikegiatan membaca di tengah permasalahan-permasalahan yang sedang menjamursaat ini. Pembahasan meliputi kegiatan mengasah potensi dasar kita yang masihtersimpan rapih di dalam alam bawah sadar, dan gambaran tokoh-tokoh besar duniayang menemukan jati dirinya melalui kegiatan membaca.
Heineken's Acquisition of Asia Pacific Breweries: Accounting for Business Combinations and Changes in Ownership Interests
Authors: Tan Pearl , Lim Chu-Yeong
Published: June 2017

On July 20, 2012, Heineken, a Dutch brewery offered S$5.125 billion (Singapore dollars; approximately US$4.1 billion) to buy Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd (APB; formerly, Malayan Breweries Limited) from its Singapore-based joint venture partner, Fraser and Neave, Limited. (F&N). At that point, Heineken and F&N had joint control over APB through the joint venture vehicle Asia Pacific Investments Pte Ltd (APIPL). Brewery business under the joint arrangement had moved on quite predictably from the time APB was formed in 1931. However, the calm changed to high drama when Thai Beverage, owned by one of Thailand's tycoons, made a bid for F&N and APB. Heineken was quick to respond by aggressively buying shares of APB, leading to a large control premium being paid in the final offer price. The bidding war was largely motivated by the Dutch and Thai beer giants, each wanting to own the iconic Tiger beer brand that was owned by APB and thus take control of APB's strong market share in the fast-growing market of Asia. The Heineken bid for APB presents an interesting case study regarding the motivations for acquisitions, the nature of control, and accounting for acquisitions. The case also presents rich issues in accounting for changes in ownership interests with and without gain of control.
Effect of Harvest Period on Yield, Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oils of Thymus Satureioides
Authors: Salma Mekkaoui , Abdellah Farah , Abdesalam Elkhanchoufi , Assia Elkhetabi , Salma Moutaouafiq , Sihame Mimouni
Published: June 2017

This study was performed to examine the yield, the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of essential oils of thymus satureioides, grown in two different periods (flowering and after flowering) in the south of Morocco. These two essential oils are obtained by hydrodistillation along with using Clevenger and then they are tested on pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Bacillus subtilis, responsible of food borne disease in the region of Fez. The extraction of the essential oil of Thymus satuerioides in the Laboratory of National Institute of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (NIAMP), Taounate, Morocco for extraction has provided a yield important enough to 0.75 % in Period of flowering compared to gasoline extract of the aerial part after flowering season which is 0.62 %. The chromatographic analyzes and spectrometric have helped to determine the chemical composition of essential oils of approximately 23 constituents of these plants that are different by the harvest period for each one.
In Vitro Platelet Aggregation Inhibition Activity of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) Dc Pod Extract
Authors: See Gerard Lee L. , Lopez Juleos Adam A. , Alterado Elijah Nicole C. , Arce Florencio Jr. V.
Published: June 2017

The study aimed to investigate antiplatelet activity of the pods of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus in vitro in search for a new
botanical source of a platelet aggregation inhibitor for the prevention of stroke, the second leading cause of mortality in
the Philippines. This study utilized maceration with hexane as the extraction method. Four concentrations (4mg/mL,
2mg/mL and 0.5mg/mL) of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods were used in the study. Aspirin (2mg/mL) and NSS were
the positive and negative controls, respectively. The methods employed in the study were Giemsa Microplate Assay for
qualitative analysis and UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis for quantitative analysis. Giemsa microplate assay findings
revealed that the 4.0mg/mL test solution had the least violet gels present to no violet gels visible at all. Furthermore, the
UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Analysis corresponded with the results and found that the 4mg/mL concentration contained
the least mean absorbance reading (among the pod extracts) of 0.409, the highest average percent platelet aggregation
inhibition of 69.58% (± 2.93) and the greatest average percent antiplatelet activity of 75.49% (± 3.07), among the pod
extracts. In conclusion, the pod extract, at 4.0mg/mL concentration, was able to inhibit platelet aggregation.
Screening the Bioactive Compound and Analyze the Membrane Stabilization Property of Vitex negundo Aqueous and Alcoholic Extract
Authors: De Puspal , Lopez Subhradeep Sarkar , Mukhophadhyay Madhumita J.
Published: June 2017

Since the ancient time nature is providing us with several beneficial herbal phyto-chemicals. Vitex negundo is one of the
common and valuable herbs in traditional medicine. In the current study, qualitative screening of different bioactive
compounds and membrane stabilization property was checked in aqueous and alcoholic extract of Vitex negundo. Three
different concentration 50, 75, 100 microgram/ml was taken for membrane stabilization method using 62.5 microgram/ml
sodium diclofenec as a reference drug. The study revealed that V. negungo have several bioactive compounds and
significant membrane stabilization property. Presence of several bioactive phytochemicals may help in scavenging the
reactive oxygen and potent membrane destabilizing in human. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the
phytoscience and scope for adopting novel phytomedicine for membrane destabilization related disease in human.
Essential Oil Composition of Centaurea sempervirens L. (Asteraceae)
Authors: Hanene Belbache , Youcef Mechehoud , Jean-Claude Chalchat , Gilles Figueredo , Pierre Chalard , Samir Benayache , Fadila Benayache
Published: June 2017

The essential oil of the aerial parts of Centaurea sempervirens L. (Asteraceae), synonym : Cheirolophus sempervirens (L.)
Pomel, was obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. 30 components were identified
corresponding to 78.5% of the total oil. Among the identified constituents, oxygenated compounds represented 33.4%,
from which 21.2% were hydrocarbons, 10.7% were sesquiterpenes. The non oxygenated compounds were hydrocarbons
(9.8%). Phthalates represented 35.3% of the total oil. The major components were 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one
(12.4%) and epi-torilenol (5.1%). This is the first report on the chemical composition of the essential oil of this species.
Chemical Characterization and Pharmacological Evaluation of Essential Oil from Leaves of Casearia tomentosa
Authors: Tyagi Ritu , Shukla Abha , Shukla Rishi Kumar , Vats Swati , Tyagi Chakit , Choudhary Ancha
Published: June 2017

The present work deals with the isolation of essential oil from the leaves of Casearia tomentosa as well as its chemical
characterization by GC-MS and evaluation of in vitro pharmacological activities. The crude essential oil was obtained
using Clevenger apparatus. Thirteen compounds were identified representing 77.62% of the total oil composition. The oil
was mainly composed of 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester (31.45%) followed of the 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid,
ethyl ester (20.11%), Phytol (10.70%), Di-epi-alpha-cedrene (3.74%), β-bisabolene (1.87%), β-Caryophyllene (0.83%) and
some other trace components. Antidiabetic activity estimated by α- amylase and α- glucosidase inhibitory assay and
antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant
potential (FRAP) method while antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion method. The results demonstrated
prominent α- amylase (IC50 = 184.47 ± 1.06 μg/mL), α- glucosidase (IC50 = 91.10 ± 0.80 μg/mL) inhibition, DPPH radical
scavenging (IC50=75.50 ± 0.60μg/mL) and FRAP activity (37.55 ± 0.66 μM/mL, FRAP value 1.636). Antimicrobial activity
performed towards the selected five human pathogenic bacterial cultures like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella typhi. Highest inhibitory activity was seen against
Staphylococcus aureus (zone of inhibition 12.2 mm) while the weakest activity was demonstrated against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (zone of inhibition 8.9 mm). Overall results revealed that C. tomentosa leaves (CTL) essential oil exhibits
potent antidiabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. This is the first study regarding the isolation of essential oil
from the leaves of Casearia tomentosa and its pharmacological activities
The Role of K+ And Ca2+ Ion Channels in Α-Terpinyle Acetate-Induced Vasodilation in Rat’s Aortic Rings
Authors: Kheder Dlzar A. , Al-Habib Omar A. M. , Adam Lina N.
Published: June 2017

The monoterpene, α-terpinyle acetate (TA) is a constituent of essential oils present in aromatic plants. Since the role of ion channels and endothelial hyperpolarizing factors in TA induced relaxation in rat’s aorta is unknown, the current study aimed to study the mechanism underlying the vasodilatory effect of TA in isolated aortic rings. Terpinyle acetate induced a potent vasodilation in rat aortic rings with a percentage of relaxation of 63.79 %. The results of the role of K+ channel subtypes in vasorelaxation revealed that both Kv and KATP played a major role since GLIB produced a maximum percent of inhibition in the relaxation produced by TA to 8.91 %; this was followed by 4-AP in which the percent of inhibition reduced to 14.95. On the other hand, Kir played no role in the TA induced vasorelaxation since BaCl2 did not produce any inhibition in aortic relaxation. Furthermore, also L-type Ca2+ channel played no role in TA induced relaxation since the L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor Nifedipine did not reduce the percent of relaxation. Endothelium also played a considerable role in the induced vasorelaxation since, in denuded aorta, the percent of relaxation was reduced to 36%. Preincubation of the aortic ring with methylene blue, a soluble cGMP inhibitor also significantly reduced the TA induced relaxation to 16.39%. In contrast, preincubation with cyclooxygenase inhibitor Indomethacin did not produce any inhibitory effect on AT induced vasorelaxation. It can be concluded from these novel results that AT induced vasorelaxation involve the activation of KV, KATP channels and at least partly dependent on endothelium via the activation NO-cGMP signal transduction pathway.
Estimation and Correlation Analysis of Heavy Metals of Some Well Water in Zakho City, Iraq
Authors: Mohammad Salim Haydar A. , Abdo Hasan R. , Buni Faris J. , Kareem Idrees M. , Najeeb Mothanna A. , Hussen Bafreen A.
Published: June 2017

This study was carried out to examine the concentrations of major heavy metals in fifteen different well water in Zakho City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The studied heavy metals were iron, copper, chromium, aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc and lead. The results obtained in the studied area showed that copper, chromium, cobalt, zinc, manganese, aluminum, iron and lead were within the acceptable limits as recommended by WHO for water drinking. However, in all studied areas, cadmium and nickel were mostly founded to exceed the maximum permissible limit set by WHO. It is found that zinc and copper possess a very good positive correlation between each other. The results obtained in this study confirmed the groundwater pollution and hence it is not suitable for consumption without any prior treatment.
A Web-Based Management Information System for Human Resources in Selected Universities of Duhok Province
Authors: Haji Vaman M. , Ahmed Nawzat S.
Published: June 2017

Today, all managers use the information system to manage their organization efficiently and effectively. Moreover, a management information system (MIS) is a type of computerized information systems. Hence, human resource management information system (HRMIS) has a fast processing to produce accurate information within the organization environment. Therefore, many researchers proposed numerous HRMISs for university campuses. However, some universities, including Kurdistan Region universities are still relying paper-based system in managing their human resources. Based on that, this study aims to identify and analyze current systems which are used for managing and accessing human resource information in the university campus. Further, the study tries to design a web-based HRMIS based on the requirements achieved from aforementioned aim. The data collection of this study has been carried out at three universities, as a case study, in Duhok province. A mixed method of data collection was done. Then, the qualitative method of data collection conducted using interviews and observation instruments. Also, the quantitative method conducted using system usability scale (SUS) to evaluate the designed web-based HRMIS. Further, the analysis of collected data was based on the strategic planning technique using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats points. Then, the requirements of designing a proposed web-based HRMIS were achieved. After implementing of the proposed system, the evaluation results of SUS were conducted to be acceptable (i.e. total score is 72.03%) based on the end-user viewpoints. Further, the reliability of the proposed HRMIS will be conducted at the University by using reliability measurement tools after implementing such system for a period of time.
Polynomial Inverse Integrating Factors, First Integral and Non-Existence of Limit Cycles in the Plane for Quadratic Systems
Authors: Hussien Ahmed M.
Published: June 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to study the existence of polynomial inverse integrating factor and first integral, and non-existence of limit cycles for all systems. Furthermore, we consider some applications.
Seismic Damage Assessment of an 891 Years Old Historic Masonry Mosque
Authors: Karaton Muhammet , Aksoy Hüseyin Suha
Published: June 2017

Diyarbakir Grand Mosque is one of the oldest and the most significant mosques in the Islamic world and the Mesopotamia. The mosque was heavily damaged due to fire following an earthquake which was predicted 8 magnitude in 1114. It was rebuilt between 1117 and 1125. It is predicted that a great earthquake in the forthcoming years will be occurred in the region. Therefore, conservation and retrofitting works should execute for this 891 years old building. In this study, nonlinear seismic analyses of the main prayer hall of the mosque are performed and damage assessment of it due to a probable great earthquake is determined. Material properties of the mosque are defined by using nondestructive tests. Three level seismic acceleration data are produced by considering seismic characteristics of the region. Damage regions on the mosque are obtained under these earthquake loads. Suggestions about retrofitting of this significant historical mosque are recommended.
The Influence of Concrete Strength on the Effect of Synthetic Fibres on Fire Resistance
Authors: Lublóy Éva
Published: June 2017

Numerous studies have verified that increased concrete strength reduces its resistance to fire, leads to a higher degree of strength reduction and higher chances of spalling of concrete surfaces.The risks of spalling of concrete surfaces can be reduced by adding synthetic polypropylene fibres. Numerous experiments have shown that the risk of spalling of the concrete surface is significantly lower when using short, small diameter fibres of polypropylene synthetic, because the pore structure created by the burning of fibres reduces the risk of cracking.However, the question arises whether other types of fibres of greater diameter and length are still able to prevent spalling of concrete surfaces without drastically reducing the strength and if so, in what range of concrete strength it is true.The experiments are aimed to determine the effects of micro and macro synthetic fibres on the post-fire residual compressive strength, flexural strength and porosity of concrete.Nine kinds of mixture were prepared and tested. Three of them are without fibers (reference concretes) with diverse strength, three with synthetic micro-fibres with diverse strength and three with synthetic macro-fibres of diverse strength. The experiment was conducted with three concretes with different strength. Each type had a reference concrete without fibre reinforcement, one with micro- and one with macro-fibres.
Effect of Sowing Method and Weed Control on the Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Intercropped with Climbing Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Nurk Liina , Graß Rüdiger , Pekrun Carola , Wachendorf Michael
Published: June 2017

Maize is grown on a large area in Germany and there is a growing concern in society about negative environmental effects related to this. The objective of the study was to test the performance of mixtures of maize and climbing beans as an alternative to monocropped maize under different site and management conditions. The effects of sowing density of maize and beans as well as the sowing time of beans on total dry matter (DM) yield and bean DM contribution to the total yield were investigated. Further, various mechanical and chemical weed control methods were tested and the resulting total DM yield was compared with that of a reference treatment (manual weeding). Hardly any consistent yield difference between maize/bean mixtures and monocropped maize occurred. The proportion of beans varied over a wide range among sites and was consistently higher when beans were sown at an early growth stage of maize. Mixtures did not suppress weeds efficiently and at two of the three sites their yield clearly declined with increasing weed coverage in the mixtures. A weed coverage of up to circa 10% may be tolerated, as the corresponding yield reduction is less than 1 t ha−1. Considering the additional effort (i.e., two sowings, high costs for bean seeds, complicated weed control) in managing such mixtures, it can be concluded that maize/bean mixtures can currently hardly be recommended as an alternative to monocropped maize for feedstock production.
Intramolecular Transfer of Pd Catalyst on Carbon–Carbon Triple Bond and Nitrogen–Nitrogen Double Bond in Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction
Authors: Kamigawara Takeru , Sugita Hajime , Mikami Koichiro , Ohta Yoshihiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu
Published: June 2017

Intramolecular transfer of t-Bu3P-ligated Pd catalyst on a carbon–carbon triple bond (C≡C) and nitrogen–nitrogen double bond (N=N) was investigated and compared with the case of a carbon–carbon double bond (C=C), which is resistant to intramolecular transfer of the Pd catalyst. Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of equimolar 4,4’-dibromotolan (1a) or 4,4’-dibromoazobenzene (1b) with 3-isobutoxyphenylboronic acid (2) was carried out in the presence of t-Bu3P-ligated Pd precatalyst 3 and KOH/18-crown-6 as a base at room temperature. In both cases, the diphenyl-substituted product was selectively obtained, indicating that the Pd catalyst walked from one benzene ring to the other through the C≡C or N=N bond after the first substitution with 2. Taking advantage of this finding, we conducted unstoichiometric Suzuki–Miyaura polycondensation of 1.3 equiv. of 1 and 1.0 equiv. of phenylenediboronic acid (ester) 6 in the presence of 3 and CsF/18-crown-6 as a base, obtaining high-molecular-weight conjugated polymer with a boronic acid (ester) moiety at both ends, contrary to the Flory principle.
Oxidation Behavior and Mechanism of Al4SiC4 in MgO-C-Al4SiC4 System
Authors: Yao Huabai , Xing Xinming , Wang Enhui , Li Bin , Chen Junhong , Sun Jialin , Hou Xinmei
Published: June 2017

Al4SiC4 powder with high purity was synthesized using the powder mixture of aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and carbon (C) at 1800 °C in argon. Their oxidation behavior and mechanism in a MgO-C-Al4SiC4 system was investigated at 1400–1600 °C. XRD, SEM, and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were adopted to analyze the microstructure and phase evolution. The results showed that the composition of oxidation products was closely related to the atom diffusion velocity and the compound oxide layer was generated on Al4SiC4 surface. In addition, the effect of different CO partial pressure on the oxidation of Al4SiC4 crystals was also studied by thermodynamic calculation. This work proves the great potential of Al4SiC4 in improving the MgO-C materials.
RNA Binding Proteins and Genome Integrity
Authors: Nishida Kensei , Kuwano Yuki , Nishikawa Tatsuya , Masuda Kiyoshi , Rokutan Kazuhito
Published: June 2017

Genome integrity can be threatened by various endogenous or exogenous events. To counteract these stressors, the DNA damage response network contributes to the prevention and/or repair of genomic DNA damage and serves an essential function in cellular survival. DNA binding proteins are involved in this network. Recently, several RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that are recruited to DNA damage sites have been shown to be direct players in the prevention or repair of DNA damage. In addition, non-coding RNAs, themselves, are involved in the RNA-mediated DNA repair system. Furthermore, RNA modification such as m6A methylation might also contribute to the ultraviolet-responsive DNA damage response. Accumulating evidence suggests that RNA metabolism is more deeply involved in diverse cellular functions than previously expected, and is also intricately associated with the maintenance of genome integrity. In this review, we highlight the roles of RBPs in the maintenance of genome integrity.
Pokémon GO Forensics: An Android Application Analysis
Authors: Sablatura Joshua , Karabiyik Umit
Published: June 2017

As the geolocation capabilities of smartphones continue to improve, developers have continued to create more innovative applications that rely on this location information for their primary function. This can be seen with Niantic’s release of Pokémon GO, which is a massively multiplayer online role playing and augmented reality game. This game became immensely popular within just a few days of its release. However, it also had the propensity to be a distraction to drivers, resulting in numerous accidents, and was used as a tool by armed robbers to lure unsuspecting users into secluded areas. This facilitates the need for forensic investigators to be able to analyze the data within the application in order to determine if it may have been involved in these incidents. Because this application is new, limited research has been conducted regarding the artifacts that can be recovered from the application. In this paper, we aim to fill the gaps within the current research by assessing what forensically-relevant information may be recovered from the application and understanding the circumstances behind the creation of this information. Our research focuses primarily on the artifacts generated by the Upsight analytics platform, those contained within the bundles directory and the Pokémon Go Plus accessory. Moreover, we present our new application-specific analysis tool that is capable of extracting forensic artifacts from a backup of the Android application and presenting them to an investigator in an easily-readable format. This analysis tool exceeds the capabilities of the well known mobile forensic tool Cellebrite’s UFED (Universal Forensic Extraction Device) Physical Analyzer in processing Pokémon GO application data.
Isolation and Selection of Microalgal Strains from Natural Water Sources in Viet Nam with Potential for Edible Oil Production
Authors: Thao Tran , Linh Dinh , Si Vo , Carter Taylor , Hill Russell
Published: June 2017

Industrial vegetable oil production in Viet Nam depends on oil seeds and crude plant oils that are currently more than 90% imported. As the first step in investigating the feasibility of using microalgae to provide Viet Nam with a domestic source of oil for food and edible oil industries, fifty lipid-producing microalgae were isolated and characterized. The microalgae were isolated from water sources ranging from freshwater to brackish and marine waters from a wide geographic distribution in Viet Nam. Initial analyses showed that 20 of the 50 strains had good growth rates, produced high biomass and had high lipid content, ranging up to 50% of dry weight biomass. 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses of the 50 strains showed a great diversity in this assemblage of microalgae, comprising at least 38 species and representatives of 25 genera: Chlamydomonas, Poterioochromonas, Scenedesmus, Desmodesmus, Chlorella, Bracteacoccus, Monoraphidium, Selenastrum, Acutodesmus, Mychonastes, Ankistrodesmus, Kirchneriella, Raphidocelis, Dictyosphaerium, Coelastrella, Schizochlamydella, Oocystidium, Nannochloris, Auxenochlorella, Chlorosarcinopsis, Stichococcus, Picochlorum, Prasinoderma, Chlorococcum, and Marvania. Some of the species are closely related to well-known lipid producers such as Chlorella sorokiniana, but some other strains are not closely related to the strains found in public sequence databases and likely represent new species. Analysis of oil quality showed that fatty acid profiles of the microalgal strains were very diverse and strain-dependent. Fatty acids in the microalgal oils comprised saturated fatty acids (SFAs), poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The main SFA was palmitic acid. MUFAs and PUFAs were dominated by oleic acid, and linoleic and linolenic acids, respectively. Some strains were especially rich in the essential fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA), which comprised more than 20% of the fatty acids in these strains. Other strains had fatty acid compositions similar to that of palm oil. Several strains have been selected on the basis of their suitable fatty acid profiles and high lipid content for further chemical and physical characterization, toxicity and organoleptic tests of their oils, and for scale-up.
On the Reaction of Carbonyl Diphosphonic Acid with Hydroxylamine and O-alkylhydroxylamines: Unexpected Degradation of P-C-P Bridge
Authors: Khomich Olga , Yanvarev Dmitry , Novikov Roman , Kornev Alexey , Puljulla Elina , Vepsäläinen Jouko , Khomutov Alex , Kochetkov Sergey
Published: June 2017

Derivatives of methylenediphosphonic acid possess wide spectra of biological activities and are used in enzymology as research tools as well as in practical medicine. Carbonyl diphosphonic acid is a promising starting building block for synthesis of functionally substituted methylenediphosphonates. Investigation of the interaction of carbonyl diphosphonic acid with hydroxylamine clearly demonstrates that it is impossible to isolate oxime within the pH range 2–12, while only cyanophosphonic and phosphoric acids are the products of the fast proceeding Beckmann-like fragmentation. In the case of O-alkylhydroxylamines, corresponding alcohols are found in the reaction mixtures in addition to cyanophosphonic and phosphoric acids. Therefore, two residues of phosphonic acid being attached to a carbonyl group provide new properties to this carbonyl group, making its oximes very unstable. This principally differs carbonyl diphosphonic acid from structurally related phosphonoglyoxalic acid and other α-ketophosphonates.
The Electrosome: A Surface-Displayed Enzymatic Cascade in a Biofuel Cell’s Anode and a High-Density Surface-Displayed Biocathodic Enzyme
Authors: Szczupak Alon , Aizik Dror , Moraïs Sarah , Vazana Yael , Barak Yoav , Bayer Edward , Alfonta Lital
Published: June 2017

The limitation of surface-display systems in biofuel cells to a single redox enzyme is a major drawback of hybrid biofuel cells, resulting in a low copy-number of enzymes per yeast cell and a limitation in displaying enzymatic cascades. Here we present the electrosome, a novel surface-display system based on the specific interaction between the cellulosomal scaffoldin protein and a cascade of redox enzymes that allows multiple electron-release by fuel oxidation. The electrosome is composed of two compartments: (i) a hybrid anode, which consists of dockerin-containing enzymes attached specifically to cohesin sites in the scaffoldin to assemble an ethanol oxidation cascade, and (ii) a hybrid cathode, which consists of a dockerin-containing oxygen-reducing enzyme attached in multiple copies to the cohesin-bearing scaffoldin. Each of the two compartments was designed, displayed, and tested separately. The new hybrid cell compartments displayed enhanced performance over traditional biofuel cells; in the anode, the cascade of ethanol oxidation demonstrated higher performance than a cell with just a single enzyme. In the cathode, a higher copy number per yeast cell of the oxygen-reducing enzyme copper oxidase has reduced the effect of competitive inhibition resulting from yeast oxygen consumption. This work paves the way for the assembly of more complex cascades using different enzymes and larger scaffoldins to further improve the performance of hybrid cells.