bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN FISIK DAN SETTING MOUSE TERHADAP AKURASI MENEMBAK GAME FIRST PERSON SHOOTER
Authors: Sukwadi Ronald , Damasputra Albertus Nugi Prasetya , Silalahi Agustinus , Prasetya Wibawa , Silitonga Riana Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Genre gim First-Person Shooter (FPS) telah memperoleh popularitas yang signifikan dalam industri e-sports selama tahun 2022-2023. Studi ini menyelidiki dampak lingkungan fisik dan pengaturan mouse terhadap akurasi tembakan dalam permainan FPS. Peserta dibagi menjadi kelompok pemula dan lanjutan berdasarkan pengalaman dan waktu bermain, atau "jam terbang". Variabel utama meliputi faktor lingkungan—seperti pencahayaan dan suhu ruangan—dan pengaturan mouse, termasuk berat mouse dan DPI. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi AimLab, dengan uji statistik ANOVA dan ANOM digunakan untuk menentukan kondisi optimal. Untuk pemain tingkat lanjut, pengaturan ideal ditetapkan sebagai suhu ruangan 16°C, tanpa pencahayaan, dan berat mouse 100 gram. Untuk pemula, kondisi optimal adalah suhu ruangan 16°C.
Evaluating ecosystem multifunctionality in tree-based intercropping: a case study from southern Québec, Canada
Authors: Rivest David , Martin-Guay Marc-Olivier , Hébert Ève-Marie , Dulac Samuel , Cogliastro Alain , Maheu Audrey
Published: February 2025

Agroforestry is increasingly recognized as an effective tool for enhancing multifunctionality in agroecosystems globally, improving land-use efficiency and delivering multiple ecosystem services (ES). This study investigates the multifunctionality of tree-based intercropping (TBI) systems, which integrate widely spaced rows of trees with agricultural crops and can be adapted to different climates. We assessed spatial gradients of 11 ES indicators based on field measurements taken at increasing distances from the tree rows within a temperate TBI system of 50 trees ha-1, aged 7 to 10 years. These indicators were compared between the TBI system and agricultural control plots, which were managed similarly to the cultivated alleys in the TBI system but without trees. We measured light availability, soil moisture and crop yields (forage and wheat) across cultivated alleys associated with three tree species compositions: 1) red oak in monoculture, 2) hybrid poplar in monoculture, and 3) a mix of red oak and hybrid poplar alternating along the row. The greatest variation in ES indicators within the cultivated alleys, compared to the agricultural controls, was frequently observed nearest to the tree rows. Specifically, yields of annual crops (wheat and corn), soil moisture, P supply, NO3- leaching rates and bulk density decreased, while potential evaporation increased in areas closest to the tree rows, in contrast to measurements taken near the alley centre and in the control plots. Other ES indicators, including forage yield, N and K supplies, and soil C stocks, remained unaffected by the TBI system. Our results suggest that trade-offs between ES may occur at fine scales and be location-specific within TBI systems. Plots containing poplar (alone or mixed with red oak) exhibited lower soil moisture and light availability compared to those with red oak only, resulting in a greater decrease in wheat yield at the tree-crop interface. Conversely, C stocks in fast-growing poplar biomass were substantially higher than those in red oak. We conclude that composition of tree species is crucial in determining trade-offs in ES delivery within TBI systems. At the system level, we found comparable levels of multifunctionality between TBI and control plots, likely due to the limited sample size of aggregated data.
The development of a CBT-informed approach to supporting type 2 diabetes self-management
Authors: Visagie Elné , Deacon Elmari , Kok Rümando
Published: February 2025

Background

The self-management of adults with type 2 diabetes proves to be a continuous challenge. Within the South African context, socio-economic disparities, unequal access to healthcare and varying healthcare beliefs augment these challenges. CBT is a time-sensitive and structured intervention that has been effectively implemented for chronic diseases. CBT has been employed to improve psychological outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes, but there is limited research on how this therapeutic intervention can enhance self-management outcomes of type 2 diabetes. Adaptable CBT-based interventions are needed to promote a holistic approach to type 2 diabetes self-management and empower a broader range of healthcare professionals to provide targeted interventions. Flexible interventions can promote patient engagement and be integrated into various healthcare settings where patients already access services.

Method

The study employed document analysis to develop CBT-informed guidelines. Data was analysed by means of content analysis. Two research studies formed the dataset, and categories and subcategories were identified. The categories were integrated and used to develop the CBT-informed guidelines.

Results

These guidelines were based on core CBT components and divided into the introduction, working, and consolidation phases. The guidelines specified the roles of healthcare practitioners who would implement them and provided skills and techniques for healthcare professionals and patients within each phase.

Conclusion

The CBT-based interventions aimed to provide a tool for healthcare practitioners and patients in terms of flexibility, accessibility, and personalisation.
100% oxygen mobilizes stem cells and up-regulates MIF and APRIL in humans: a new point on the hormetic dose curve
Authors: MacLaughlin Kent J. , Barton Gregory P. , MacLaughlin Julia E. , Lamers Jacob J. , Marcou Matthew D. , O’Brien Matthew J. , Braun Rudolf K. , Eldridge Marlowe W.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The aim of the current study was to test normobaric 100% oxygen (NBO) (PiO2 = 713 mmHg) for stem cell mobilization and cytokine modulation. Although current oxygen therapy (PiO2 = 1,473–2,233 mmHg) is well known to mobilize stem cells and modulate cytokine, little is known about NBO and its place on the low dose stimulation phase of the hormetic dose curve of oxygen. We asked the question, will NBO mobilize stem cells and modulate cytokines. A positive outcome presents the potential to create and refine oxygen treatment protocols, expand access, and optimize patient outcomes.

Methods

Healthy 30–35-year-old volunteers were exposed to 100% normobaric oxygen for 60 min, M-F, for 10 exposures over 2 weeks. Venous blood samples were collected at four time points: 1) prior to the first exposure (serving as the control for each subject), 2) immediately after the first exposure (to measure the acute effect), 3) immediately before the ninth exposure (to measure the chronic effect), and 4) three days after the final exposure (to assess durability). Blinded scientists used flow cytometry to gate and quantify the Stem Progenitor Cells (SPCs).

Results

CD45dim/CD34+/CD133+ and CD45+/CD34+/CD133+ were significantly mobilized following nine daily one-hour exposures to normobaric 100% oxygen. Conversely CD45−/CD34+/CD133+, CD45-/CD34+/CD133− and CD45−/CD34−/CD133+ phenotypes were downregulated suggesting differentiation into more mature phenotypes. The CD133+ phenotype exhibited a maturing from CD45− to CD45dim stem cells. CD45−/CD34, CD45−/CD31 and CD45−/CD105 were downregulated with no changes in related CD45dim and CD45+ phenotypes. The cytokines “macrophage migration inhibitory factor” (MIF) and “a proliferation inducing ligand” (APRIL) were significantly upregulated.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that 100% normobaric oxygen mobilizes stem cells and upregulates the expression of the inflammatory cytokines marking a new point on the low dose stimulation phase of the hormetic dose curve of oxygen.
Discriminating the adulteration of varieties and misrepresentation of vintages of Pu’er tea based on Fourier transform near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Zhenfa , Lu Xiaoping , Chen Lucheng
Published: February 2025

In the Pu’er tea market, the ubiquity of blending different varieties and the fraudulent representation of vintage years present a persistent challenge. Traditional sensory evaluation and experience are often inadequate for discerning the true variety and vintage of tea, highlighting the need for more sophisticated analytical methods to ensure authenticity and quality. Fourier transform near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy combined with radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) was applied for determination of the varieties and vintages of Pu’er tea. For vintage identification, the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of the RBFNN model for the prediction set were 99.2%, 98.2%, 98.0%, and 98.0%, respectively. For identification of varieties adulteration, the corresponding parameters were 98.9%, 97.2%, 96.7%, and 96.6%, respectively. These results illustrated the feasibility to identify the adulteration of varieties and misrepresentation of vintages of Pu’er tea with near infrared spectra and RBFNN model, proving an efficient alternative for Pu’er tea quality inspection, and offering a robust method for combating the pervasive issues within the market.
A short ncRNA modulates gene expression and affects stress response and parasite differentiation in Leishmania braziliensis
Authors: Quilles José C. , Espada Caroline R. , Orsine Lissur A. , Defina Tânia A. , Almeida Letícia , Holetz Fabíola , Cruz Angela K.
Published: February 2025

The protozoan parasite Leishmania spp. is a causative agent of leishmaniasis, a disease that affects millions of people in more than 80 countries worldwide. Apart from its medical relevance, this organism has a genetic organization that is unique among eukaryotes. Studies of the mechanisms regulating gene expression in Leishmania led us to investigate noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as regulatory elements. We previously identified differentially expressed (DE) ncRNAs in Leishmania braziliensis with potential roles in the parasite biology and development. Herein, we present a functional analysis of one such DE ncRNA, the 147-nucleotide-long transcript ncRNA97, which is preferentially expressed in amastigotes, the replicative form within mammalian phagocytes. By RT-qPCR the ncRNA97 was detected in greater quantities in the nucleus under physiological conditions and in the cytoplasm under nutritional stress. Interestingly, the transcript is protected at the 5’ end but is not processed by the canonical trypanosomatid trans-splicing mechanism, according to the RNA circularization assay. ncRNA97 knockout (KO) and addback (AB) transfectants were generated and subjected to phenotypic analysis, which revealed that the lack of ncRNA97 impairs the starvation response and differentiation to the infective form. Comparative transcriptomics of ncRNA97KO and parental cells revealed that transcripts encoding amastigote-specific proteins were affected. This pioneering work demonstrates that ncRNAs contribute to the developmental regulatory mechanisms of Leishmania.
Efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitors, potent statins, and their combinations for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemia patients: a systematic network meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Yuhua , Wang Yingying , Ma Sijia , Qian Linlin , Jing Yeteng , Chen Xi , Yang Jinsheng
Published: February 2025

Background

The objective of this study is to assess the relative efficacy of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, such as alirocumab, evolocumab, and inclisiran, in conjunction with potent statins like atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, in patients presenting with hyperlipidemia or heightened cardiovascular risk attributable to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Methods

A systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to explore lipid-lowering therapies in hyperlipidemia from their inception to 7 November 2023. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted via Stata 17 software, with two authors independently conducting the search, screening, and data abstraction.

Results

A total of 68 clinical studies involving 21,288 patients with hyperlipidemia were incorporated into the NMA. PSCK9 inhibitors and potent statins significantly reduced LDL-C levels from baseline vs. placebo regardless of background therapy. Regarding the efficacy of lipid reduction, four principal medications were evaluated: evolocumab and atorvastatin [mean standard deviation (MD) −3.41, 95% CI −4.81 to −2.00] and evolocumab with rosuvastatin (MD −3.44, 95% CI −5.10 to −1.78) vs. placebo; alirocumab combined with rosuvastatin (MD −2.91, 95% CI −3.95 to −1.88) and alirocumab with atorvastatin (MD −2.90, 95% CI −3.97 to −1.84) vs. placebo. Meanwhile, compared with placebo, evolocumab (MD −1.89, 95% CI −2.27 to −1.50), alirocumab (MD −1.83, 95% CI −2.09 to −1.57), rosuvastatin (MD −1.93, 95% CI −2.30 to −1.56), inclisiran (MD −1.68, 95% CI −2.10 to −1.27), and atorvastatin (MD −1.68, 95% CI −2.04 to −1.31) could also play a role in the treatment of LDL-C reduction. Moreover, the incidence of adverse events (AEs) was similar to that observed in the control group, which included both placebo and potent statin groups, with no significant differences identified in our study (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The combination of PCSK9 inhibitors with robust statins like rosuvastatin and atorvastatin markedly decreases LDL-C levels in patients with hyperlipidemia when compared to placebo or monotherapy. Notably, the pairing of evolocumab and atorvastatin exhibited exceptional efficacy in this investigation. In the interim, the combination of PCSK9 inhibitors and potent statins demonstrates a notable safety profile when contrasted with the control group.
Correlation of artificial neural network and multi-attribute transformation: a test case to predict the effective porosity of Cretaceous sandstones of the Sembar Formation, southeast Pakistan
Authors: Aftab Furqan , Zafar Mohammad , Hajana Muhammad Iqbal , Shaw John H.
Published: February 2025

Accurate prediction of reservoir properties through linear transformation and regression methods are successful in limited cases but are often geologically unrealistic and have no concrete theoretical foundation. Artificial Neural Network’s (ANN’s) have emerged as an effective tool for deriving nonlinear mathematical relationships between seismic attributes and well logs that are theoretically plausible and may prove geologically realistic. In this paper, we devise a methodology to integrate rock physics analysis, seismic inversion, multi-attribute transformation, and Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) modeling for accurate inter-well reservoir property predictions. We test this methodology on well logs and seismic data from the Cretaceous sandstones of the Sembar Formation, Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan. Viable productive gas zones are identified through rock physics and Model Based Inversion (MBI) analyses. Five volume-based seismic attributes are sequentially calculated through forward stepwise regression and cross-validated for inter-well porosity prediction. When a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) is trained in a non-linear mode integrated with multi-attribute transformation, correlation (r2) is improved from 72% to 88% between seismic attributes and porosity derived from logs. The PNN-derived porosity distribution is geologically more realistic than linear transformation and regression methods, supporting our model’s validity. We suggest that it is theoretically possible for the ANN to make predictions about any attribute of the reservoir via bridging target logs and seismic data within a short computation time.
“Come back home early and read for us!” Enabling father-child shared reading in policy and practice
Authors: Gallagher Kay , Dillon Anna Marie , Saqr Sumaya , Habak Claudine , Alramamneh Yahia
Published: February 2025

This project sought to increase fathers’ involvement in their children’s literacy development through interactive shared reading at home. Parent–child home reading is not a traditional practice in the UAE, and reading attainment is below international standards for children attending state schools. During workshops in Kindergarten schools, simple techniques were shared with fathers for reading picture books in Arabic and English with their bilingual children. Fathers were provided with books to take home to read for pleasure and for information with their children. Recommendations arising include providing guidance on the selection and provision of diverse, contemporary, culturally relevant picture books; holding nationwide reading workshops for both mothers and fathers; and increasing school-home liaison to encompass parents within the literacy development ecosystem in the UAE.
The influence of maternal gestational weight gain on adverse perinatal outcomes
Authors: Yan Qingshan , Cai Wenya , Guo Yong
Published: February 2025

Objective

To analyze the impact of maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) on adverse outcomes for mothers and infants.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted, collecting relevant information on 9,058 singleton pregnancies and newborns from prenatal check-ups and deliveries at Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from 2017 to 2022. The subjects were grouped according to different GWG, and logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of GWG on adverse outcomes, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), large-for-gestational-age infants (LGA), small-for-gestational-age infants (SGA), and preterm births.

Results

Among the 9058 participants included in the study, there were 438 cases (4.8%) of HDP, including 266 cases (2.9%) of gestational hypertension and 172 cases (1.9%) of preeclampsia. Additionally, there were 2018 cases (22.3%) of GDM; Among the adverse birth outcomes for newborns, the prevalence was 9.7% for SGA, 9.9% for LGA, 1.4% for early/mid-term preterm births, and 4.2% for late preterm births. After adjusting for confounding factors, the results showed that, excessive GWG was a risk factor for HDP (OR=1.829, P<0.05) and LGA (OR=1.792, P<0.05) compared to the normal gestational weight gain group. Insufficient GWG increased the risk of GDM (OR=2.203, P<0.05), SGA (OR=1.474, P<0.05) and was also a risk factor for early/mid-term preterm infants (OR=3.326, P<0.05) and late preterm infants (OR=1.715, P<0.05).

Conclusion

Excessive GWG is a risk factor for the occurrence of HDP and LGA, while insufficient GWG increases the risk of GDM, SGA and preterm infants (especially early/mid-term preterm infants). Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the monitoring of weight changes during pregnancy in women of childbearing age, guide nutritional management during pregnancy, and keep GWG within a reasonable range to prevent adverse outcomes for mothers and infants.
Distribution and dynamics for the ecological assessment of Asan Wetland through periphyton -a water quality indicator
Authors: Tabassum Sazia , Kotnala C. B. , Dobriyal A. K. , Salman Mohammed , Bamola Richa
Published: February 2025

The Asan Wetland is an important freshwater wetland in Uttarakhand’s Dehradun district. It is known for its diverse flora and fauna and as a stopover for migratory birds. Periphyton, an essential biological component of aquatic ecosystems, serves as a bioindicator of water quality and ecosystem integrity. This study fills a gap in our knowledge of the Asan Wetland’s ecological health by analyzing periphyton populations and a number of physicochemical characteristics across three selected sites from November 2021 to October 2023. Selected sites named as Site 1(S1), Site 2(S2), Site 3 (S3). Monthly variations in parameters such as water temperature, pH, turbidity, transparency, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness, alkalinity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and nutrients were collected, identified and assessed using Ms-excel and Past software. Phosphorus levels in the Asan Wetland indicated a moderate to high nutrient load, peaking in August (1.20–1.25 mg/L) across all three sites and dropping to their lowest in January (0.35–0.65 mg/L). Nitrate levels were moderate, with the highest concentrations in December (1.40–1.55 mg/L) and the lowest in July (0.25–0.35 mg/L), showing similar seasonal patterns across sites. The periphyton was represented in this study by 18 different periphytic taxa that belong to three different classes. These classes include Bacillariophyceae (Cymbella, Navicula, Nitzschia, Fragilaria Meridion, Synedra, Gomphonema, Tabellaria, and Diatoma), members of the Chlorophyceae Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Cosmarium, Microspora, Chlorella, Oedogomium, Zygnema, and Cladophora are, while Phormidium is a member of the Cyanophyceae. The peak periphytic density (individuals/cm2) recorded was 322.67 ± 89.08 × 103 in January, with all three classes exhibiting maximum values at S3, the minimum periphytic density (individuals/cm2) recorded was 18 ± 5.57 × 10³ in August. The annual percentage composition of periphytic flora in the Asan wetland over 2 years indicates that Bacillariophyceae constituted the predominant group (89%–90%), succeeded by Chlorophyceae (7%–9%) and Cyanophyceae or Myxophyceae (1%–4%) across three sites. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of periphyton among different sites during both years of the study suggested that S3 was more diverse, followed by S1 and S2, represented 64.93%, 35.07% of the variance with eigenvalues of 0.01794, 0.00968 respectively. PCA suggested that PC1 and PC2 were represented by 93.98% and 6.015% of the variance with eigenvalues 279.149 and 17.8675, respectively The multivariate cluster analysis showed the similarity of periphyton at three different sites during the 2-year study. The findings of this study emphasize the need for targeted management strategies to maintain the ecological health of the Asan Wetland.
Dental problems and oral microbiome alterations in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kucharski Robert , Sobocki Bartosz Kamil , Stachowska Ewa , Bulman Nikola , Kalinowski Leszek , Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka Karolina
Published: February 2025

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease that has not well-established etiology. The role of microbial dysregulation in its pathogenesis has been recently highlighted. Overall, microbiome alterations concern the reduction of bacterial abundance and diversity, resulting in gut microbiome imbalance negatively affecting immunological aspects. There is a link between ulcerative colitis and the oral microbiome. The changes of oral microbiome are found at many levels, from gently dysbiotic composition to the presence of the main periodontal microbes. The analysis of oral microbiome can be a part of personalized medicine due to the fact that it is a potential biomarker. Patients with ulcerative colitis may manifest dental symptoms/problems, such as periodontitis (strongly related to the red-complex pathogens—Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and bacteria belonging to the other complexes, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetecomitans), dental caries, oral ulcerations, leukoplakia, halitosis, and others. Notably, the DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) index is higher in these patients compared to healthy subjects. According to some data, oral lichen planus (which is a disease with an immunological background) can also be observed in ulcerative colitis patients. It seems that deep understanding of ulcerative colitis in association with oral microbiome, immunology, and dental manifestations may be crucial to provide complex treatment from a dental point of view.
Spatial conflict resolution in marine spatial plans and permitting procedures for offshore wind energy: an analysis of measures adopted in Denmark, England and the Netherlands
Authors: Kusters Juul E. H. , van Kann Ferry M. G. , Zuidema Christian
Published: February 2025

As activities in the North Sea are steadily increasing in both size and number, spatial conflicts are becoming increasingly inevitable. Marine Spatial Planning is widely adopted as an area-based planning approach to manage competing claims for maritime space, but spatial conflicts are also managed through permitting procedures for maritime activities. To explore how Denmark, England and the Netherlands resolve, minimize or mitigate spatial conflicts, this paper identifies what conflict resolution measures are adopted in marine spatial plans and permitting procedures, and analyzes how national institutional capacities shape their deployment. Collected data includes marine spatial plans and permitting documents as well as interviews with involved policy- and decision-makers. The findings demonstrate a common set of guiding principles for conflict resolution in their marine spatial plans across countries, including spatial reservation, multi- or co-use, ecosystem-based planning, and financial compensation. Within permitting procedures, a wide variety of spatial, physical-technical, logistic, and financial conflict resolution measures are adopted to minimize or mitigate spatial conflicts on project-specific levels. However, large differences exist in the degree to which decision-makers prescribe what conflicts must be addressed in what manner during project development. A lack of ecological and spatial knowledge and fragmented governmental responsibilities hinder decision-makers’ freedom to deviate from established types of conflict resolution measures. Overall, this paper presents valuable insights on how conflicts are addressed across the North Sea region as well as how institutional capacities, and institutional space in particular, shape the adoption of conflict resolution measures.
Clinical characteristics and management outcomes of pediatric patients with Coats disease complicated with retinoschisis (retinal cyst)
Authors: Liang Tingyi , Zhang Shaochi , Zhang Xiang , Wang Xiaohan , Ji Xunda , Zhao Peiquan
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To present the clinical characteristics and management outcomes of Coats disease with retinoschisis (retinal cyst).

Methods

This was a retrospective review of 13 eyes from 13 consecutive Coats disease patients with retinal cyst. Clinical findings from multimodal ophthalmic imaging were recorded to characterize retinal cyst in Coats disease. All eyes were initially treated with endolaser photocoagulation combined with external drainage of cystic fluid and intravitreal ranibizumab injection. Patients were subsequently followed up to analyze anatomic and visual outcomes.

Results

All retinal cysts were associated with extensive retinal exudation; 3 eyes (23.1%) presented with exudative retinal detachment. A total of 92.3% (12/13) of the retinal cysts were located in the inferotemporal quadrant. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated telangiectasia surrounding and/or at the edge of the retinal cyst. Eleven eyes (84.6%) underwent endolaser photocoagulation via a nonvitrectomy approach, and 2 eyes (15.4%) underwent endolaser photocoagulation after vitrectomy due to the presence of epiretinal membrane. An average of 1.5 additional laser photocoagulation sessions was performed per patient. After a median follow-up of 23 months (range, 11–33 months), all eyes demonstrated retinal cyst resolution and no active disease. Subretinal fibrosis was observed in 9 eyes (69.2%); of these, 8 had macular subretinal nodules. In total, 30.8% of the eyes had a final vision ≥20/200.

Conclusion

The presence of retinoschisis (retinal cyst) in Coats disease is strongly associated with retinal telangiectasia and exudation and is indicative of active vascular disease requiring effective ablative treatment. We propose a novel approach, endolaser photocoagulation combined with external drainage of cystic fluid and intravitreal ranibizumab injection, which was effective in achieving final anatomic improvement with retinal cyst resolution.
Learning and working on an interprofessional training ward in neonatology improves interprofessional competencies
Authors: Schwarz Hannah L. , Straub Christine , Bode Sebastian F. N. , Ferschl Nicole , Brickmann Christian , Berberat Pascal O. , Krüger Marcus
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Interprofessional education (IPE) is essential for healthcare professionals to prepare them for future interprofessional collaboration (IPC). Interprofessional training wards (ITWs) have been set up for IPE and results have been published. There are no published studies on ITWs in neonatology. We have designed and established the Interprofessional Training Ward in Neonatology (IPANEO) for nursing trainees (NT) and medical students (MS) in a neonatological intermediate care (IMC) ward. We report on the concept and the results with regard to the interprofessional competencies of the participants, including parent satisfaction.

Methods

Supervision by medical and nursing learning facilitators, 2week blocks each with 2 NT (n = 30) and 2 MS (n = 23) in their final year, ward-in-ward concept, 3 patients cared for. Evaluation of the participants (pre/post) with the Interprofessional Socialisation and Valuing Scale (ISVS), the Interprofessional Collaboration Scale (ICS) with questions on IP communication, accommodation and isolation as well as with an IPANEO-specific evaluation (IPQ), an external evaluation with the “Observational Questionnaire for Learning Facilitators” (OQLF) and a “Questionnaire on Parent Satisfaction” (PSQ) (n = 33).

Results

IPANEO participants showed significant increases in competencies in IP communication, accomodation and isolation (ICS), a better IP-collaboration and a higher role definition (IPANEO specific questionnaire). The ISVS 9A/B global scores increased. According to the self-assessment there were significant improvements in the external evaluation in all IP-categories (OQLF). The feedback from the parents was significantly positive (PSQ).

Conclusion

Interprofessional learning and working on IPANEO had a positive impact on interprofessional competencies with high parent satisfaction.
Local endoreduplication of the host is a conserved process during Phytomyxea–host interaction
Authors: Hittorf Michaela , Garvetto Andrea , Magauer Marianne , Kirchmair Martin , Salvenmoser Willibald , Murúa Pedro , Neuhauser Sigrid
Published: February 2025

Background

Endoreduplication, a modified cell cycle, involves cells duplicating DNA without undergoing mitosis. This phenomenon is frequently observed in plants, algae, and animals. Biotrophic pathogens have been demonstrated to induce endoreduplication in plants to secure more space or nutrients.

Methods

In this study, we investigated the endoreduplication process triggered by two phylogenetically distant Rhizaria organisms—Maullinia spp. (in brown algae) and Plasmodiophora brassicae (in plants)—by combining fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with nuclear area measurements.

Results

We could confirm that Plasmodiophora brassicae (Plasmodiophorida) triggers endoreduplication in infected plants. For the first time, we also demonstrated pathogen-induced endoreduplication in brown algae infected with Maullinia ectocarpii and Maullinia braseltonii (Phagomyxida). We identified molecular signatures of endoreduplication in RNA-seq datasets of P. brassicae-infected Brassica oleracea and M. ectocarpii-infected Ectocarpus siliculosus.

Discussion

Cell cycle switch proteins such as CCS52A1 and B in plants, CCS52 in algae, and the protein kinase WEE1 in plants were upregulated in RNA-seq datasets hinting at a potential role in the phytomyxean-induced transition from mitotic cell cycle to endocycle. By demonstrating the consistent induction of endoreduplication in hosts during phytomyxid infections, our study expands our understanding of Phytomyxea–host interaction. The induction of this cellular mechanism by phytomyxid parasites in phylogenetically distant hosts further emphasizes the importance of endoreduplication in these biotrophic interactions.
Electroacupuncture alleviates functional constipation by upregulating host-derived miR-205-5p to modulate gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism
Authors: Wang Lu , Xi Menghan , Cao Wei , Qin Haiyan , Qin Di , Chen Shuai , Zhou Siyuan , Hou Yujun , Chen Ying , Xiao Xianjun , Zheng Qianhua , Li Dehua , Li Ying
Published: February 2025

Electroacupuncture (EA) has shown promise as a treatment for Functional constipation (FC), with growing evidence suggesting it may enhance gut motility. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key regulatory molecules mediating host-microbiota interactions. However, the specific fecal miRNAs regulating microbiota composition and metabolism in EA-treated constipated mice, along with their key targets, remain unidentified. We examined fecal microbiome composition, metabolism, and colonic miRNA expression in loperamide-induced constipated mice and EA-treated mice to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and assess their relationships with microbial abundance, metabolism, and gut motility. An antibiotic cocktail and adeno-associated virus were employed to interfere with the gut microbiota and target miRNA in vivo, thereby validating the proposed mechanism. Our results indicate that miR-205-5p, significantly upregulated in fecal and colonic tissues of EA-treated constipated mice, promotes intestinal motility in a microbiome-dependent manner. Specifically, EA promoted the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri, enriched in the feces of constipation-recovered mice, through host-derived miR-205-5p regulation. Furthermore, Lactobacillus reuteri and its tryptophan metabolites (indole-3-acetamide, indole-3-acetic acid, and indole-3-carboxaldehyde) alleviated loperamide-induced constipation. These findings underscore the pivotal role of host-derived miR-205-5p in modulating microbial composition and tryptophan metabolites to enhance intestinal motility through EA.
Systematic review of bidirectional interaction between gut microbiome, miRNAs, and human pathologies
Authors: Drago Lorenzo , De La Motte Luigi Regenburgh , Deflorio Loredana , Sansico Delia Francesca , Salvatici Michela , Micaglio Emanuele , Biazzo Manuele , Giarritiello Fabiana
Published: February 2025

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and the gut microbiome are key regulators of human health, with emerging evidence highlighting their complex, bidirectional interactions in chronic diseases. miRNAs, influence gene expression and can modulate the composition and function of the gut microbiome, impacting metabolic and immune processes. Conversely, the microbiome can affect host miRNA expression, influencing inflammatory pathways and disease susceptibility. This systematic review examines recent studies (2020–2024) focusing exclusively on human subjects, selected through rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies were included if they investigated the interaction between miRNAs and the gut microbiome in the context of gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, autoimmune diseases, cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders, and autism. In vitro, in vivo and in silico analyses were excluded to ensure a strong translational focus on human pathophysiology. Notably, miRNAs, stable and abundant in patients, are emerging as promising biomarkers of microbiome-driven inflammation. This systematic review provides an overview of miRNAs, their regulatory effects on bacterial strains, and their associations with specific diseases. It also explores therapeutic advances and the potential of miRNA-based therapies to restore microbial balance and reduce inflammation.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis of the effects of chronic pain on patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , Qi Longju , Sun Yuyu , Chen Shiyuan , Liu Jinyi , Chen Jiaxi , Yan Fangsu , Wang Wenqi , Wang Qinghua , Chen Liang
Published: February 2025

Background

Spinal cord injury (SCI) poses a substantial challenge in contemporary medicine, significantly impacting patients and society. Emerging research highlights a strong association between SCI and chronic pain, yet the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this, we conducted bioinformatics and systems biology analyses to identify molecular biomarkers and pathways that link SCI to chronic pain. This study aims to elucidate these mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Methods

Through analysis of the GSE151371 and GSE177034 databases, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to SCI and chronic pain. This analysis uncovered shared pathways, proteins, transcription factor networks, hub genes, and potential therapeutic drugs. Regression analysis on the hub genes facilitated the development of a prognostic risk model. Additionally, we conducted an in-depth examination of immune infiltration in SCI to elucidate its correlation with chronic pain.

Results

Analyzing 101 DEGs associated with SCI and chronic pain, we constructed a protein interaction network and identified 15 hub genes. Using bioinformatics tools, we further identified 4 potential candidate genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed a strong correlation between SCI and chronic pain, particularly related to inflammation. Additionally, we examined the relationship between SCI and immune cell infiltration, discovering a significant link between SCI and T cell activation. This is notable as activated T cells can cause persistent inflammation and chronic pain. Lastly, we analyzed the hub genes to explore the transcription factor network, potential therapeutic drugs, and ceRNA networks.

Conclusion

The analysis of 15 hub genes as significant biological markers for SCI and chronic pain has led to the identification of several potential drugs for treatment.
Progress in the application of motor imagery therapy in upper limb motor function rehabilitation of stroke patients with hemiplegia
Authors: Shen Shuying , Chu Tianchen , Wang Jing , Zhao Hangyu , Tang Jinli , Xu Linya , Ni Wei , Tan Liping , Chen Yu
Published: February 2025

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in Chinese adults. Upper limb motor dysfunction is a common manifestation of neurological dysfunction after stroke and can exert significant effects on a patient’s daily living ability and quality-of-life. Therefore, it is crucial to provide appropriate rehabilitation treatment for upper limb motor function in stroke patients with hemiplegia. Currently, rehabilitation treatment for upper limb motor function in hemiplegic stroke patients in China includes motor therapy, neuro-promoting technology, occupational therapy, physical factor intervention, speech therapy, and swallowing therapy. Motor imagery therapy has also been shown to effectively promote the rehabilitation of upper limb function in stroke patients. Here, we review the concept, classification, mechanism of action, application, and effect of motor imagery therapy for the rehabilitation of upper limb motor function in stroke patients with hemiplegia in China. We summarize the available evidence, arising from Chinese experience, to support the implementation of this method in medical and rehabilitation institutions.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting early neurological deterioration in patients with moderate traumatic brain injury: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Wang Shen , Wang Ruhai , Han Chao , Hu Haicheng , Sun Hongtao
Published: February 2025

Objective

Early neurological deterioration (END) greatly affects prognosis of moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the occurrence of END in patients with moderate TBI.

Methods

A total of 371 patients with moderate TBI were enrolled and divided into the training (n = 260) and validation (n = 111) groups at a ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the significant factors for END, which were used to develop a nomogram. The discrimination of the nomogram was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), the calibration was evaluated using calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the net benefit of the model for patients.

Results

In the training group, multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that GCS score, epidural hematoma, intracerebral hemorrhage, fibrinogen, and D-dimer were independent risk factors for END in patients with moderate TBI. A nomogram was constructed using the logistic regression prediction model. The AUCs of the nomogram in the training and validation groups were 0.901 and 0.927, respectively. The calibration curves showed that the predicted probability was consistent with the actual situation in both the training and validation sets. DCA curves demonstrated significantly better net benefit with the model. Then a web-based calculator was generated to facilitate clinical application.

Conclusion

The present study developed and validated a model to predict END in patients with moderate TBI. The nomogram that had good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility can provide clinicians with an effective and accurate tool for evaluating the occurrence of END after moderate TBI.
Association between stroke and fracture and the mediating role of depression: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017 to 2020
Authors: Dan Yuqin , Pei Xuewen , Xu Danghan , Liu Zhaoxi , Wang Yuqi , Yin Meng , Li Li , Yu Gongchang
Published: February 2025

Background

Stroke is a significant health threat, and its complex interplay with fractures warrants further investigation. Depression, a critical psychological mediator in various health conditions, may also play a role. This study aims to clarify the intricate relationships among stroke, depressive symptoms, and fracture risk, potentially informing more holistic clinical strategies.

Methods

Utilizing the most recent data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2017 to 2020), this study encompassed 4,979 valid samples. T-test and chi square test are conducted to compare the differences between fracture and non fracture subgroups. Subsequently, regression models were applied to assess the mediating impact of depression, with Sobel’s test and the bootstrap method deployed to substantiate the mediation pathways.

Results

In this study, we conducted subgroup and regression analyses to investigate factors influencing fractures in stroke patients using NHANES data. Subgroup analysis revealed significant associations with gender, race, osteoporosis, and depression. Female stroke patients had a higher fracture rate (73.86% vs. 47.78%, p < 0.001), and those with post-stroke depression (29.67% vs. 13.16%, p < 0.001) or osteoporosis (33.33% vs. 15.81%, p < 0.05) were at increased risk of fractures. Logistic regression models showed a positive association between stroke and fractures in the unadjusted (OR = 1.862, 95% CI: 1.348–2.573, p < 0.001) and adjusted I models (OR = 1.789, 95% CI: 1.240–2.581, p < 0.01), but not in the adjusted II model. Depression was significantly correlated with fractures in all models (unadjusted OR = 2.785, 95% CI: 1.271–6.101, p < 0.05; Model 1 OR = 3.737, 95% CI: 1.470–9.498, p < 0.01; Model 2 OR = 3.068, 95% CI: 1.026–9.175, p < 0.05). Mediation analysis using Sobel and bootstrap tests indicated that depression mediates 7.657% of the relationship between stroke and fractures (Z = 2.31, p < 0.05), with significant indirect (Z = 2.80, p < 0.01), direct (Z = 3.61, p < 0.001), and total effects (Z = 3.92, p < 0.01). The direct effect of stroke on fracture was 0.079 (95% CI: 0.036–0.121), the total effect was 0.085 (95% CI: 0.043–0.128), and the indirect effect mediated by depressive symptoms was 0.007 (95% CI: 0.002–0.011). These results suggest that depressive symptoms following stroke may contribute to an increased risk of fractures.

Conclusion

Depressive symptoms serve as a critical mediator in the link between stroke and fracture risk. Consequently, our study concludes that holistic prevention strategies for fractures in stroke patients must incorporate a focus on mental health to effectively address this complex clinical challenge.
The role of sleep in Alzheimer’s disease: a mini review
Authors: Pathmanathan Jay , Westover M. Brandon , Sivakumaran Sudhir , Donoghue Jacob , Puryear Corey B.
Published: February 2025

Sleep is a stereotyped and well-preserved series of neurophysiological states that are essential for overall health and brain functioning. Emerging research suggests that sleep disturbances are not only associated with but also causally contribute to neurodegenerative disease onset and progression. This mini-review examines some of the current knowledge and evidence for relationships between sleep abnormalities and Alzheimer’s disease within context of possible uses and limitations of sleep biomarkers for evaluation of Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding these relationships could lead to readily accessible and easily quantifiable biomarkers of Alzheimer’s dementia.
Differentiation between glioblastoma and solitary brain metastases using perfusion and amide proton transfer weighted MRI
Authors: Knutsson Malte , Salomonsson Tim , Durmo Faris , Johansson Emelie Ryd , Seidemo Anina , Lätt Jimmy , Rydelius Anna , Kinhult Sara , Englund Elisabet , Bengzon Johan , van Zijl Peter C. M. , Knutsson Linda , Sundgren Pia C.
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Early diagnostic separation between glioblastoma (GBM) and solitary metastases (MET) is important for patient management but remains challenging when based on imaging only. The objective of this study was to assess whether amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MRI alone or combined with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI parameters, including cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and leakage parameter (K2) measurements, can differentiate GBM from MET.

Methods

APTw MRI and DSC-MRI were performed on 18 patients diagnosed with GBM (N = 10) or MET (N = 8). Quantitative parameter maps were calculated, and regions-of-interest (ROIs) were placed in whole tumor, contrast-enhanced tumor (ET), edema, necrosis and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). The mean and max of the APTw signal, CBF, leakage-corrected CBV and K2 were obtained from each ROI. Except for K2, all were normalized to NAWM (nAPTwmean/max, nCBFmean/max, ncCBVmean/max,). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and area-under-the-curve (AUC) were assessed for different parameter combinations. Statistical analyses were performed using Mann–Whitney U test.

Results

When comparing GBM to MET, nAPTmax, nCBFmax, ncCBVmax and ncCBVmean were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in ET with AUC being 0.81, 0.83, 0.85, and 0.83, respectively. Combinations of nAPTwmax + ncCBVmax, nAPTwmean + ncCBVmean, nAPTwmax + nCBFmax, nAPTwmax + K2max and nAPTwmax + ncCBVmax + K2max in ET showed significant prediction in differentiating GBM and MET (AUC = 0.92, 0.82, 0.92, 0.85, and 0.92 respectively).

Conclusion

When assessed in Gd-enhanced tumor areas, nAPTw MRI signal intensity alone or combined with DSC-MRI parameters, was an excellent predictor for differentiating GBM and MET. However, the small cohort warrants future studies.