bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Nggahi Rawi Pahu Philosophy Through in Chemistry Learning Based on Social Cognitive Theory for Student Character Strengthening
Authors: Annafi Nurfidianty , Admyana Putu Budi , Suastra I Wayan , Sutajaya I Made , Tika I Nyoman , Wesnawa I Gede Astra
Published: January 2025

Social cognitive theory developed by Albert Bandura is the most influential approach to learning. This theory emphasizes that a person's behavior can be learned through observation of social models in the surrounding environment, be it teachers, parents, or peers. This theory is known as observational learning or modeling. This research aims to explore the process of observational learning in an effort to strengthen the value of the Nggahi Rawi Pahu philosophy. The research method used is descriptive qualitative.  The sample in this study were fourth semester students of the Chemistry Education Study Program. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, administration of questionnaires and documentation. In this study, observational learning was carried out through 4 stages of cognition in the learning process, namely attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation. 7 out of 10 students showed a positive response to the relevance, involvement and benefits of observational learning in an effort to strengthen the philosophy of Nggahi Rawi Pahu. This shows that through observational learning the value of the Nggahi Rawi Pahu philosophy can be improved.
Literature Review: Universal Design for Learning (UDL) Approach of Chemistry Learning in Inclusion Schools
Authors: Nurramadhani Aisyah Zahra , Pratama Kiki Putri Septya , Amelia Lisa , Kusuma Aldi , Erika Farah
Published: January 2025

Inclusive education is a promising way to create an equitable and high-quality education system that accepts all learners, including those with special needs. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) offers a flexible and dynamic approach to meet the various needs of learners, helping them to reach their full potential in education. This literature study aims to discover the application of the universal design for learning approach in chemistry learning. The research method used Narrative Literature Review (NLR), which uses the Google Scholar database to search for journal articles from the last ten years. The results of the literature show that applying the Universal Design for Learning approach in chemistry learning has a major influence in improving the learning experience and learning outcomes of students with special needs. Various interesting teaching materials such as learning videos, interactive games, and the application of E-modules are also used to support the learning process.
Development and Characterization of Bioplastics from Straw and Rice Husk for: Effect of Addition of Glycerin, CMC, and TiO2
Authors: Hardi Gilar Wisnu , Toruan Sari Artauli Lumban , Dewi Berlian Kusuma , Nurjanah Suci , Nurohmat Nurohmat , Rifai Bagus Muhammad Ainul , Hidayat Ahmad
Published: January 2025

The development of environmentally friendly materials is crucial to mitigate the environmental impact of conventional plastics. This study focuses on developing bioplastics using rice straw and rice husks, combined with glycerine, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Glycerine acts as a plasticizer to enhance flexibility, CMC functions as a matrix binder, and TiO₂ serves as a reinforcing agent to improve mechanical strength. Bioplastics were produced using the casting method with specific proportions of these materials. Characterization tests included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology, biodegradability tests, water absorption analysis, and tensile strength measurements. Results revealed that the combination of rice straw and rice husks produced bioplastics with varied morphologies. TiO₂ enhanced mechanical strength and material homogeneity, though its distribution requires further optimization. Glycerine significantly increased flexibility, while CMC improved matrix cohesion. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of agro-industrial waste—rice straw and rice husks—with TiO₂, glycerine, and CMC, creating bioplastics that balance biodegradability, mechanical properties, and flexibility. This innovative approach demonstrates the potential of utilizing agricultural byproducts to produce sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics, offering customizable properties for diverse applications.
Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Ethanol Extract from Melandean Leaves (Bridelia micrantha) Using the DPPH Assay
Authors: Bayani Faizul , Rahayu Lale Budi Hutami , Rahayu Supiani , Huaida Nurul , Yuliana Depi , Hulyadi Hulyadi , Gargazi Gargazi
Published: January 2025

The increasing global prevalence of oxidative stress-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders underscores the importance of developing effective antioxidant strategies. In this study, samples of ethanol extract from Bridelia micrantha (Melandean) leaves were used which were then evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, a method that is widely known for assessing free radical scavenging activity. The ethanol extract sample was obtained through maceration with a yield of 15.84%. Based on the DPPH test, it shows that the extract has dose-dependent inhibition of DPPH radicals, with a maximum inhibition of 66.13% at a concentration of 25 ppm. The IC50 value, calculated from regression analysis, confirmed the antioxidant potential of the extract, although it was less effective than that of vitamin C, which was used as a positive control. These findings suggest that Bridelia micrantha leaves, rich in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, have the potential as a source of natural antioxidants for managing oxidative stress-related health conditions.
Aeration and Slow Sand Filter Technology in Drilling Well Water Treatment to Reduce TDS Levels
Authors: Zulkarnaen Muhammad Fauzi , Hatimah Husnul
Published: January 2025

The quality of borehole water is often affected by the high content of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) which can disrupt human health and quality of life. This study examines the effectiveness of the combination of venturi aeration and slow sand filter technology in reducing TDS levels in boreholes in East Lombok, NTB. The priority is the use of venturi aeration and slow sand filtration in an integrated manner as a combined treatment for borehole water, which has not been widely explored in previous studies. This method offers a practical, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solution to overcome high TDS levels, especially in rural areas and areas with limited resources. These findings provide a new perspective on optimizing water treatment technologies to improve community access to clean and safe water. Sampling was carried out from six different locations and initial TDS levels were measured. The borehole water was treated through venturi aeration for 1 hour to remove dissolved gases and organic compounds, followed by filtration using a slow sand filter to filter fine particles, microorganisms, and other dissolved compounds. The results showed that venturi aeration was able to reduce TDS by 6.8% to 17.9%, while the slow sand filter provided an additional reduction of 3.1% to 8.3%. The combination of these two methods resulted in a total reduction in TDS of 11.3% to 25.8%. The effectiveness of the treatment was influenced by the iron content in the air and the structure of the sand media. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test to determine the significance of the reduction in TDS.
Estimation of the Relaxation Time of Non-Newtonian Oils
Authors: Abishova R.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses a technique for identifying the features of the lifting process of abnormal oils that significantly affect the flow rate of the working agent. When assessing the relaxation time of non-Newtonian oils, it was found that with an increase in temperature, a degeneration of viscoelastic properties is noted, which in turn affects, under the same conditions, the specific consumption of the working composition, which tends to increase.
Endoscopic Hemostasis in Ulcer Gastroduodenal Bleeding
Authors: Dzhaksymbaev N. , Kochorov O. , Niyazov B. , Niyazova S. , Dinlossan O.
Published: January 2025

Gastroduodenal hemorrhages are bleedings in which blood flows from an ulcerated area affected by an inflammatory process with damage to a blood vessel and from where it flows in a stream or drip into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. The stomach and duodenum are most often the source of hemorrhage. This is always a formidable complication and a dangerous condition that often poses a threat to life and often ends in death. However, this is not the only variant of internal bleeding with effusion into the gastrointestinal tract: in a number of diseases - varicose veins of the esophagus, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, acute intestinal infections, etc. Hemorrhage can occur in various sections of the tract - from the upper esophagus to the rectum - and these conditions must be clearly differentiated from gastroduodenal bleeding. According to various estimates, the cause of gastroduodenal bleeding in 40-70% is gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer (this also includes drug-induced ulcers, erosive gastritis, etc.). Much less frequently, and with approximately the same frequency, bleeding occurs due to the growth of a malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract or varicose veins of the esophageal and gastric veins (liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension syndrome).
The Effect of Oral Microbiota on the Severity and Prognosis of Stroke
Authors: Yusupov F. , Yuldashev A. , Yusupov A. , Abdykadyrov M.
Published: January 2025

The microbiome of the oral cavity plays an important role in the development and progression of various somatic diseases, including stroke. Studies show that bacteria living in the oral cavity can enter the bloodstream and contribute to inflammatory processes, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. It was found that in 79% of the studied stroke-related blood clots, DNA of bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity, such as streptococci of the Viridans species, was found. Periodontal pathogenic microorganisms can cause chronic inflammation and contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, which is one of the main risk factors for stroke. Dysbiosis of the oral cavity is also associated with an increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines, which can worsen the condition of blood vessels and increase the likelihood of thrombosis. Thus, maintaining oral health and timely treatment of dental diseases can have a significant impact on reducing the risk of stroke. Understanding the relationship between the oral microbiome and the state of the cardiovascular system opens up new horizons for the development of preventive measures and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of patients at high risk of stroke.
Leaf Blotch of Horse Chestnut (Review)
Authors: Khasanov B. , Gulmurodov R. , Zuparov M. , Gulmurodova Sh. , Khusenova N.
Published: January 2025

The current review article provides information on the leaf blotch disease of common and other species of horse chestnut trees (Aesculus spp.), its geographic distribution, economic significance, symptoms, disease cycle, and taxonomy and nomenclature of the causal agent, Phyllosticta sphaeropsoidea, macro- and micro-morphologic characteristics of its anamorph and teleomorph stages, and criteria for identification of this fungus as well as management of the disease.
Accumulative Pension Funds as a Main Component of the Pension System of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Authors: Baymuratov A. , Zhusupova G. , Attokurov R.
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to the consideration of the process of implementing the trend of development of pension reform in the context of the digital economy of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article presents an analysis of the pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic. In accordance with the purpose of the study, problems of pension provision are identified, such as the low level of pension provision in the country, pension provision of migrants and the impact of the shadow economy on pension provision; then ways to solve these problems are outlined, as well as the need to take into account inflation in the process of indexation of pension provision. The paper presents an analysis of the non-state voluntary accumulative system of the Kyrgyz Republic for the last 2022-2023. In accordance with the purpose of the study, problems of pension provision are identified, such as the low level of pension provision in the country, pension provision of migrants and the impact of the shadow economy on pension provision.
Symbolism of Eyes in Songs Inspired by Mountain Landscapes and Climate
Authors: Akmatalieva N.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the symbolism of eyes in songs inspired by mountain landscapes and climate, focusing on how visual imagery and metaphors related to eyes are used to express cultural perceptions and emotional connections with mountainous environments. By analyzing a selection of songs from various cultures, the study examines the role of eyes as a symbol of perception, observation, and insight, reflecting the influence of the harsh and majestic nature of mountains on human experience and creativity. The research highlights the common themes and unique interpretations of eye symbolism in songs that depict the challenges and beauty of life in mountain regions, offering insights into the interplay between nature, culture, and artistic expression.
The Influence of the Mountainous Environment on the Linguistic Conceptualization of “Intelligence”.
Authors: Dzhumabaeva A. , Karaeva Z.
Published: January 2025

This article explores the influence of the mountainous environment on the linguistic conceptualization of "intelligence" in English and Kyrgyz language systems. A comparative analysis is conducted to identify specific cultural and geographical factors that shape the understanding of intelligence in these languages. The study reveals that the mountainous environment fosters unique metaphors and associations related to the concept of intelligence, reflecting adaptation to living conditions and the cultural values of mountainous regions. In English, the conceptualization of intelligence is more abstract and related to general notions of mental ability, while in Kyrgyz, there is a strong connection to natural elements and traditional perceptions. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the cultural and geographical influences on the linguistic conceptualization of key concepts.
The Influence of Mountain Climate on Cultural Features and Their Reflection in Political Discourse
Authors: Kulubekova A. , Kubanychbekkyzy N.
Published: January 2025

It examines how mountain climate conditions shape unique cultural characteristics and how these characteristics are reflected in political discourse. The study analyzes the linguistic and rhetorical tools used by politicians to address the identity, traditions, and social attitudes of mountain regions. A comparative analysis is conducted using political speeches, media texts, and official documents, highlighting common and specific traits across different cultures. The findings reveal how environmental conditions influence the formation of cultural values, which in turn are reflected in political rhetoric.
The Stylistic Function of Prepositions in the Original Text of Jamila and Their Adaptation in Translations
Authors: Burkanova Zh. , Abzhaparova A. , Zulpukarov K.
Published: January 2025

Examines the stylistic role of prepositions in Chingiz Aitmatov's novella Jamila and how they are adapted in translations into Kyrgyz and English. The study analyzes the linguistic and cultural nuances conveyed through prepositions in the original Russian text, exploring how these elements are preserved or transformed in translation. Special attention is given to the semantic, syntactic, and stylistic shifts that occur during the translation process. The research highlights the challenges translators face when conveying subtle emotional and cultural meanings tied to prepositions, offering insights into cross-linguistic equivalence and adaptation.
Functionality of Synonyms in Molla Panah Vagif
Authors: Aslanova A.
Published: January 2025

Molla Panah Vagif's work will always remain fresh and refreshing. Because Vagif has a sweet, understandable, and clear language. Every Azerbaijani reader reads and easily understands Vagif's work. Indeed, there have been few poets who wrote in a simple, clear, and understandable style in Azerbaijani until M.P. Vagif. M.P. Vagif's work has lived in the memories and recollections of people and has reached our time. Vagif's works have been lost in time, and his manuscripts have been looted. However, people who love his work, the people as a whole, have kept M. P. Vagif's works alive in their memories, singers have performed his words at gatherings, and those who have the ability to write have written down the poet's ghazals, goshams, and mukhammas.
Developing Pop Up Books As Learning Media to Teach Reading Comprehension at Senior High School Bangun Cipta Rumbia
Authors: Saputra Dicky Abdul Wahyu , Zuniati Mai , Hasyim Umar Al Faruq A , Suhono Suhono , Irhammudin Irhammudin , Sari Yeasy Agustina
Published: January 2025

The article aims to develop a learning media product in the form of pop up book media for reading comprehension in English, which is specifically designed for grade 10 students at Bangun Cipta Rumbia Senior High School. This research uses the RnD (Research and Development) method, with the ADDIE development model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. Based on assessments carried out using validity tests by experts, it shows that the product is suitable for use. The results of the validity test by media experts got a score of 92.5%, while the results of the validity test by material experts got a score of 95.0%, including the very decent category, and the results of the student response questionnaire got a score of 90.4% in the very good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that pop up book media can improve the reading comprehension skills of grade 10 students. Pop-up books serve as a unique blend of art and education, offering a wealth of advantages that elevate the learning experience. By introducing elements of movement and animation, they transform reading from a static task into an interactive journey, sparking curiosity and keeping students engaged. As a result, pop-up books can help learners overcome obstacles in absorbing new material.
Karakteristična i frekventna leksika orijentalnog porijekla u govoru Bošnjaka Albanije
Authors: Ćatović Haris
Published: January 2025

Characteristic and Frequent Oriental Lexicon in the Speech of Bosniaks in Albania

Abstract: This paper presents the characteristic and more frequent lexicon of Oriental origin that forms an important core of the lexical system of Bosniaks who have been settled in Albania for over a century and a half, in the Durrës district, in the villages of Borak and Kodžas. The Oriental lexicon in the speech of Bosniaks in Albania reflects their habits which were adopted in their native region before their migratory activities. This lexicon remains a key and integrative linguistic factor outside the native area because the Bosniaks continued to use it. Their expression is dominated by words of Oriental origin which, from the perspective of modern Bosnian language, belong to the layer of passive lexicon. This lexicon reflects the cultural background, specifically the Oriental-Islamic civilizational sphere which had a significant influence on all aspects of life in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Ottoman Empire. The Bosniaks managed to transfer the accumulated experience from their homeland to new generations through the use of this lexicon, reflecting their awareness of themselves, their identity, and allowing them to define themselves as a unique phenomenon in the Albanian socio-cultural space. This refers to the Oriental lexicon which in the standard language has the status of passive lexicon or dialectisms, meaning it has been marginalized in the standard language due to standardization and preference for its more modern lexical equivalents. Their speech includes Orientalisms that were known not only in the Herzegovinian speech area but also in the broader Bosnian speech zone, including the Sandžak dialect of the Bosnian language, which has a somewhat wider usage when discussing its spread within the South-Slavic speech diasystem. Such Orientalisms will be marked as general-use Orientalisms (gen. or.). In addition to these, their speech also contains Oriental lexicon specific to the Bosniak dialectal area in Albania, which will be marked as (reg. or.).

Keywords: Bosniaks, Bosnian language, emigrant speech, Eastern Herzegovinian dialect, Oriental lexicon
Counting the World’s Languages: The Politics and Discontents of Enumeration
Authors: Kamusella Tomasz
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The concern with establishing the number of the world’s extant languages appeared in Europe during the 18th century. In the 20th century, anthropological
research drove this exercise, alongside the need to deal with an increase in publications produced in a variety of non-European languages across the decolonized states.
Meanwhile, during the past two centuries, the counting of languages was underpinned with the millenarist program of translating the Bible into all the world’s languages. The end of the Cold War heralded the rise of the internet. Only the languages that
are officially ‘counted’ (enumerated and supplied with standardized codes) feature in
cyberspace.

Keywords: concept of Einzelsprache, counting languages, cyberspace, dichotomy of
dialect and language, internet, linguistic imperialism.
California Wildfires: A Holistic Systemic Management Approach to Urban Resilience
Authors: Marolla Cesar
Published: January 2025

Each year, the environmental degradation, financial losses, psychological health threats, and death toll linked to wildfires in California are worsening. This article explores an urgent issue regarding the growing prevalence and intensity of wildfires in California, which are largely influenced by climate change and further complicated by ineffective urban wildfire management approaches. A comprehensive analysis necessitates an exploration of key themes and concepts articulated in the text, along with an examination of their implications and possible solutions. The intensity of wildfire seasons is on the rise, with records being shattered annually. This trend is largely ascribed to climate change, which engenders hotter and drier conditions that facilitate wildfires. The consequences of these shifting conditions extend beyond environmental harm; they jeopardize ecosystems, human lives, property, and local economies. The paper presents risk management frameworks for identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks followed by coordinated efforts to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events. In the context of urban resilience against wildfires, risk mechanisms may include establishing early-warning systems, creating defensible spaces around properties, and employing controlled burns as preventive measures. This involves developing robust recovery plans, optimizing resource allocation, and ensuring effective communication among stakeholders. Integrating these elements fosters a comprehensive approach to not only mitigate the impact of wildfire but also enhance the ability of urban areas to recover swiftly and sustainably from such disasters
Strategi Pembangunan Greenhouse dalam Mendorong Perekonomian
Authors: Onu Nanda Shaula Fidia , Fitriana Annisa , Afandi Aang
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis optimalisasi struktur belanja Desa Ngadas melalui kajian potensi dan permasalahan yang dihadapi Desa Ngadas, pengelolaan belanja Desa Ngadas, dan menentukan strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam upaya optimalisasi pola belanja Desa Ngadas. Desa Ngadas, Desa Wisata Tradisional di Kecamatan Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang, menjadi objek penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan data Laporan Realisasi Anggaran 2021-2023 dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terungkap bahwa Desa Ngadas berpotensi menjadi penghasil utama kentang di Kecamatan Poncokusumo. Namun, Desa Ngadas masih belum mandiri dalam produksi benih kentang. Potensi dan permasalahan tersebut menjadi prioritas utama pengelolaan belanja di Desa Ngadas, sehingga disusunlah strategi pembangunan rumah kaca secara mandiri. Strategi ini selaras dengan komponen pelaksanaan pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat yang menjadi prioritas desa sebagaimana dituangkan dalam RPJMDes 2021-2024. Prioritas tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah desa memiliki fokus sesuai dengan Keputusan Menteri Desa Nomor 7 Tahun 2023 tentang Rincian Prioritas Penggunaan Dana Desa. Penerapan strategi ini diproyeksikan dapat mendorong perekonomian desa dan meningkatkan jumlah belanja komponen pelaksanaan pembangunan yang diproyeksikan pada tahun 2025, hal ini terjadi karena adanya perubahan prioritas desa setiap tahunnya.
Oscillatory fluid flow enhanced mineralization of human dental pulp cells
Authors: Yortchan Witsanu , Puwanun Sasima
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the optimum frequency of oscillatory fluid flow (OFF) for increasing osteogenesis in human dental pulp cells (DPCs) in an incubating rocking shaker. DPCs from 3 donors were cultured in an osteogenic induction medium (OIM) and mechanical stimulation was applied using an incubating rocking shaker at frequencies of 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, and 40 round per minute (RPM) for 1 h/day, 5 days/week. Cell proliferation was measured using total protein quantification, and osteogenic activity was measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and collagen production on days 7, 14, and 21 of culture. Results of DPCs morphology in the 30 RPM group were more clustered and formed interconnections between cells. Results of DPC proliferation and collagen production showed no significant differences between the experiment groups. The ALP activity on day 7 and 14, and calcium deposition on day 21 of the 30 RPM group were significantly higher than the control groups. Thus 30 RPM is likely an effective frequency for increasing calcium deposition. This study uses strategies in Tissue Engineering followed the research topic about an application of human cells to stimulate oral and maxillofacial hard tissue regeneration. In the future, the mineralization of DPCs could be enhanced by using an incubating rocking shaker at 30 RPM in the lab to create a cell sheet. The mineralized cell sheet could then be implanted into the patient for bone repair of orofacial defects.
Predictive value of NT-pro BNP on outcomes of children with ventricular septal defect surgery
Authors: Chen Weidan , Tang Yajie , Lu Ye , Ma Li , Chen Xinxin , Liu Techang
Published: January 2025

Background

Limited study has shown whether NT-proBNP is related to the prognosis of children wth ventricular septal defect (VSD) surgery. The study was conducted to determine the predictive value of NT-proBNP on outcomes of children with VSD surgery.

Methods

A total of 798 children with VSD surgery were enrolled, with NT-proBNP measured at preoperatively and 24-h postoperatively. The short- and mid-term clinical outcomes were recorded. Propensity scores (PS) was performed to acquire pre-op and post NT-proBNP 24-h PS-matched cohorts for comparisons between groups.

Results

In the pre NT-proBNP PS-matched cohort, the higher NT pro-BNP group had longer hospitalization time and lower post-op 1-month EF value compared with low NT pro-BNP group (all P < 0.05), and there wasn't significant difference of mechanical ventilation time, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, intensive care unit (CCU) stay, and ejection fraction (EF) values of 3 month to 12 months after surgery (all P > 0.05). In the post NT-proBNP PS-matched cohort, there wasn't significant difference of mechanical ventilation time, CPB time, CCU stay, hospitalization time, and EF values of 1 month to 12 months after surgery between two groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

VSD children with higher pre NT-proBNP level had longer hospital stays after surgery than those with lower level. Pre NT-proBNP level had no effect on mechanical ventilation time, CPB time, ACC time and CCU stay and cardiac function after 3 months postoperatively. Post-op 24-h NT pro-BNP level wasn't associated with clinical outcomes.
Left atrial appendage occlusion and radiofrequency ablation in a patient with atrial fibrillation and dextrocardia: a case report
Authors: Zhang Zengfu , Fu Xiaohong , Guo Min , Gao Jia , Wang Rui
Published: January 2025

Background

Dextrocardia is a rare congenital condition, affecting approximately 1 in 10,000–12,000 individuals. When combined with atrial fibrillation (AF), it becomes even rarer. “One-stop” surgery, including combined radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), has become a common clinical treatment for patients with AF who develop cerebral infarction despite regular oral anticoagulants. To date, no cases have been reported of patients with AF and dextrocardia undergoing the “one-stop” procedure, making this surgery particularly challenging.

Case presentation

An 85-year-old dextrocardia male with total visceral inversion and persistent AF developed cerebral infarction despite regular oral anticoagulation therapy. He was referred to our hospital for RFA of AF and LAAO. The procedure was successfully performed using a three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system (Carto3, Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA, USA), intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), and x-ray, with no complications.

Conclusion

This is the first reported case of a “one-stop” surgery for dextrocardia with AF. This procedure is safe and feasible with the assistance of advanced technologies such as ICE and the VIZIGO bidirectional adjustable bent sheath.
Geomorphic time series reveals the constructive and destructive history of Havre caldera volcano, Kermadec arc
Authors: Spain E. , Carey R. J. , Whittaker J. M. , Lucieer V. L. , Fox J. M. , Watson S. J. , Tontini F. Caratori
Published: January 2025

Monitoring active seafloor processes requires repeated, comparable surveys to enable change detection. The change detection of the deep ocean floor, however, is rare due to a paucity of repeat data at an appropriate resolution. In this study, we use an exceptional suite of bathymetric surveys across a spatiotemporal range at the submarine Havre volcano, Kermadec arc, Southwest Pacific, to investigate geomorphic change over 13 years (2002, 2012, and 2015). The integration of bathymetric observations with remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations and sampling data refined geomorphic boundaries, and four geomorphic groups at varying scales are interpreted: (i) large-scale tectonic and volcanic features, e.g., faults and calderas; (ii) coherent volcanic products, e.g., lavas; (iii) clastic primary volcanic products, e.g., giant pumice deposits; and (iv) mass-wasting features and products, e.g., landslide scarps. Three 25-m resolution geomorphic maps for broad-scale feature change and high-resolution 1-m autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) bathymetry are used to develop a fine-scale geomorphic map that reveals additional landforms and processes. We integrate bathymetric data with sampling data and ROV video footage of the seafloor to refine geomorphic boundaries. We also integrate the results of previous geological studies of Havre to inform the geomorphic interpretation. Our map reveals a variety of geomorphic forms from a range of volcanic and mass-wasting processes that aid in the interpretation of the growth and evolution of submarine volcanoes. One new observation reveals a significantly larger scale of cryptodome emplacement than recognized previously recognized, accounting for an additional volume of 0.0055 km3 to the 2012 eruption products. This emplacement took place along two linear southern caldera ring faults and likely continued after the formation of the giant pumice raft on 18 July 2012. A key result is the extension of the timeline for the emplacement of volcanic products associated with the 2012 eruption, revealing an additional volume growth of 0.001 km3 on the primary dome (dome OP) between 2012 and 2015. This additional emplacement is documented in this study for the first time and extends the known volcanic emplacement timeline from 3 months to a maximum of 3 years. Our work reveals seafloor modification continuing long after an observed volcanic eruption event as lingering lava emplacement and mass wasting remobilize newly erupted and older products that comprise the edifice.
Integrative RNA, miRNA, and 16S rRNA sequencing reveals immune-related regulation network for glycinin-induced enteritis in hybrid yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ♀ × Pelteobagrus vachelli ♂
Authors: Yi Linyuan , Mo Aijie , Yang Huijun , Yang Yifan , Xu Qian , Yuan Yongchao
Published: January 2025

Glycinin-induced foodborne enteritis is a significant obstacle that hinders the healthy development of the aquatic industry. Glycinin causes growth retardation and intestinal damage in hybrid yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ♀ × Pelteobagrus vachelli ♂), but its immune mechanisms are largely unknown. In the current study, five experimental diets containing 0% (CK), 1.74% (G2), 3.57% (G4), 5.45% (G6), and 7.27% (G8) immunological activity of glycinin were fed to juvenile hybrid yellow catfish to reveal the mechanism of the intestinal immune response to glycinin through RNA and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing and to explore the interrelation between immune molecules and intestinal microbiota. The results demonstrated that glycinin content in the posterior intestine increased significantly and linearly with the rise of dietary glycinin levels. More than 5.45% of dietary glycinin significantly reduced the nutritional digestion and absorption function of the posterior intestine. Notably, an obvious alteration in the expression levels of inflammatory genes (tnf-α, il-1β, il-15, and tgf-β1) of the posterior intestine was observed when dietary glycinin exceeded 3.57%. Sequencing results of RNA and miRNA deciphered 4,246 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 28 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) between the CK and G6 groups. Furthermore, enrichment analysis of DEGs and DEmiRNA target genes exhibited significant responses of the MAPK, NF-κB, and WNT pathways following experimental fish exposure to 5.45% dietary glycinin. Additionally, at the level of 3.57% in the diet, glycinin obviously inhibited the increase of microbiota, especially potential probiotics such as Ruminococcus bromii, Bacteroides plebeius, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Clostridium clostridioforme. In sum, 5.45% dietary glycinin through the MAPK/NF-κB/WNT pathway induces enteritis, and inflammatory conditions could disrupt micro-ecological equilibrium through miRNA secreted by the host in hybrid yellow catfish. This study constitutes a comprehensive transcriptional perspective of how intestinal immunity responds to excessive glycinin in fish intestines.
On the obligations of states to respond to climate change and China’s legal consequences: based on the advisory opinion in case no. 31 of the international tribunal for the law of the sea
Authors: Zeng Wanping , Wang Guihua
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Climate change presents a critical global challenge, requiring states to develop and implement robust legal and policy frameworks. The 2024 Advisory Opinion issued by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) in Case No. 31 highlights the legal obligations of states under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to address climate change, emphasizing the role of the marine environment in this context.

Methods

This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the Advisory Opinion and examines its implications for China’s existing climate change legal framework. The analysis identifies key challenges, including expanded legal responsibilities, the harmonization of international law with domestic legislation, and the increased risk of international climate litigation for domestic enterprises.

Results

The Advisory Opinion establishes a higher standard for China’s legislative response to climate change, necessitating the integration of its international obligations into its domestic legal framework. Key findings reveal gaps in China’s current legal system and emphasize the need for proactive measures to align with international standards.

Discussion

To address these challenges, the paper proposes several recommendations: developing a comprehensive legal framework for climate change, reinforcing due diligence obligations, establishing a robust climate monitoring and assessment system, and enhancing the capacity of domestic enterprises to handle international climate litigation. These measures aim to position China as a proactive contributor to global climate governance.

Conclusion

The study provides valuable insights for advancing China’s climate change law and aligning it with the international legal framework. The proposed measures serve as essential guidance for China to assume greater responsibility and influence within the global climate legal system.
Case report: Successful therapy with recombinant human vascular endostatin in an elderly man with colon telangiectasia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Wu Yushan , Jia Yongbin , Jiang Mingshan , Zhang Hu
Published: January 2025

An 83-year-old male presented to our Digestive System Department with a 5-day history of severe gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and a 14-year history of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with low platelet levels. Colonoscopy revealed extensive telangiectasias throughout the colon, particularly in the transverse and ascending segments. Standard treatment with proton-pump inhibitors and somatostatin proved ineffective. Additionally, conventional therapies such as estrogen and thalidomide were contraindicated due to the comorbidity of ITP. Endoscopic hemostasis was also difficult to perform because of the widespread nature of the lesions. However, after the innovative use of four courses of recombinant human vascular endostatin (Endostar) therapy, the colon telangiectasia was completely resolved, and the patient reported no GI bleeding for 2 years. Managing severe GI bleeding with a rare etiology is particularly challenging, especially in patients with contraindications to conventional treatments due to comorbidities. In this case, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor was successfully applied to treat a refractory and rare GI bleeding, which may offer a novel therapeutic approach for similar cases.
Characterizing the microbiome recruited by the endangered plant Firmiana danxiaensis in phosphorus-deficient acidic soil
Authors: Li Jiayu , Tang Guangda , Liu Hongwei , Luo Xiaoying , Wang Juntao
Published: January 2025

Phosphorus (P)-deficient soils serve as crucial habitats for endangered plant species. Microbiomes play pivotal roles in soil element cycling and in determining a plant’s adaptability to the environment. However, the relationship between the endangered plant, microbiome, and soil stoichiometric traits, and how it affects plant adaption to P-deficient habitats remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the microbiome (bacteria and fungi) in the rhizosphere of Firmiana danxiaensis, an endangered plant species growing exclusively in P-deficient acidic soils on Mt. Danxia, South China; the non-endangered coexisting tree species Pinus massoniana was used as a reference. Our results showed that soil traits in the rhizosphere of F. danxiaensis differed significantly from that of P. massoniana, including higher soil pH, lower C:N, and higher N:P. The rhizosphere of F. danxiaensis harbors higher microbial diversity and different microbial communities from P. massoniana. Using the machine learning approach, we characterized 76 bacterial and 20 fungal phylotypes dominated in F. danxiaensis rhizosphere, most of which had strong impacts on microbial ecological network structure (they accounted for only 0.33% node numbers but linked 21.2% of the nodes in the network); specifically, Udaeobacter spp., a highly abundant (constituting 4.07% of the total bacterial community) member of Verrucomicrobiota exclusively accumulated in the rhizosphere of F. danxiaensis but not P. massoniana, demonstrated a pronounced ecological prefers toward F. danxiaensis rhizosphere habitat (high pH, low C:N and high N:P) and potential antagonistic indication. In contrast, P. massoniana rhizosphere harbored more Subgroup2 of Acidobacteria and Gammaproteobacterial N-fixer. Taken together, this study provided novel evidence that endangered plants recruited a unique microbiome characterized by Udaeobacter spp. favoring high N habitat. It contributes not only to our understanding of microbiome recruitment by plants in P-deficient acidic soils, but also underscores the importance of microbiome in the conservation and population restoration of endangered plants.
Endophytic strategies decoded by genome and transcriptome analysis of Fusarium nematophilum strain NQ8GII4
Authors: Yan Siyuan , Zhang Qingchen , Jia Shuxin , Guo Miaomiao , Zhang Qiangqiang , Gu Peiwen
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Fusarium nematophilum strain NQ8GII4 is an endophytic fungus with significant potential for improving growth and disease resistance of alfalfa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the symbiotic relationship between NQ8GII4 and alfalfa roots remain poorly understood.

Methods

In this study, we conducted (1) a comparative genomic analysis of selected saprophytic, pathogenic, and endophytic fungi, including molecular phylogeny analysis, whole-genome alignment, and divergence date estimation positioning, and (2) transcriptomic profiling of alfalfa roots infected with NQ8GII4.

Results

Our findings reveal that NQ8GII4 is genetically closely related to F. solani, suggesting it diverged from Fusarium phytopathogens. During the early stages of symbiosis establishment, genes encoding glycosyltransferases (GTs), fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes (FCWDEs), and steroid-14α-demethylase (CYP51) were significantly downregulated, potentially suppressing hyphal growth of the fungus. Once symbiosis was established, NQ8GII4 secreted effectors that activated plant immunity, which in turn could slow growth of the fungus. Moreover, genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, such as type I polyketide synthases (T1PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), were significantly downregulated. Homologs of autophagy-related genes, including ATG1, ATG2, ATG11, and others, were also downregulated, suggesting that reduced phytotoxin production and autophagy inhibition is a consequence of NQ8GII4’s symbiosis.

Discussion

This study investigated the comprehensive molecular and genetic mechanisms governing the interaction between NQ8GII4 and alfalfa roots. Beyond the NQ8GII4-alfalfa system, these findings also provide a valuable molecular framework for understanding the mechanism of interactions between endophytic fungi and their host plants.
Interaction between nitrate and trichloroethene bioreduction in mixed anaerobic cultures
Authors: Yang Dong-Mei , Min Fen-Li , Li Ying , Ling Jia-Lu , Zhong Hui-Xian , Xia Yu-Chun , Feng Ying , Zhao Li-Ya , Li Zhao-Hua , Wen Li-Lian
Published: January 2025

Bioremediation of trichloroethene (TCE)-contaminated sites often leads to groundwater acidification, while nitrate-polluted sites tend to generate alkalization. TCE and nitrate often coexist at contaminated sites; however, the pH variation caused by nitrate self-alkalization and TCE self-acidification and how these processes affect nitrate reduction and reductive dichlorination, have not been studied. This study investigated the interaction between nitrate and TCE, two common groundwater co-contaminants, during bioreduction in serum bottles containing synthetic mineral salt media and microbial consortia. Our results showed that TCE concentrations up to 0.3 mM stimulated nitrate reduction, while the effect of nitrate on TCE reductive dechlorination was more complex. Nitrate primarily inhibited the reduction of TCE to dichloroethene (DCE) but enhanced the reduction of vinyl chloride (VC) to ethene. Mechanistic analysis suggested that this inhibition was due to the thermodynamic favorability of nitrate reduction over TCE reduction, while the promotion of VC reduction was linked to pH stabilization via self-alkalization. As the initial nitrate concentration increased from 0 to 3 mM, the relative abundance of putatively denitrifying genera, such as Petrimonas and Trichlorobacter, increased. However, the abundance of fermentative Clostridium sharply declined from 31.11 to 1.51%, indicating strong nitrate inhibition. Additionally, the relative abundance of Dehalococcoides, a genus capable of reducing TCE to ethene, slightly increased from 23.91 to 24.26% at nitrate concentrations up to 0.3 mM but decreased to 18.65% as the nitrate concentration increased to 3 mM, suggesting that Dehalococcoides exhibits a degree of tolerance to high nitrate concentrations under specific conditions. Overall, our findings highlight the potential for simultaneous reduction of TCE and nitrate, even at elevated concentrations, facilitated by self-regulating pH control in anaerobic mixed dechlorinating consortia. This study provides novel insights into bioremediation strategies for addressing co-contaminated sites.
Innovative antifungal strategies: enhanced biofilm inhibition of Candida albicans by a modified tea tree oil formulation
Authors: Tuan Dang Anh , Uyen Pham Vu Nhat , Khuon Nguyen Van , Binh Ly An , Masak Jan
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Candida albicans is a significant human pathogen with the ability to form biofilms, a critical factor in its resistance to antifungal treatments. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity and biofilm inhibition potential of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) derived from Melaleuca alternifolia cultivated in Vietnam.

Methods

The antifungal activity of TTO was assessed by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC), and Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration (MBEC) using broth dilution methods. The experiments were conducted on C. albicans in both planktonic and biofilm states across concentrations ranging from 0.1 μL/mL to 10 μL/mL.

Results

TTO demonstrated significant antifungal efficacy, with a MIC of 0.1 μL/mL (∼91.217 μg/mL) and an MFC of 10 μL/mL (∼9121.7 μg/mL). It effectively inhibited biofilm formation with a recorded MBIC of 2 μL/mL (∼1824.34 μg/mL). However, MBEC values were not determinable as the concentrations tested did not achieve the eradication of more than 50% of mature biofilm within the experimental conditions.

Discussion

These findings highlight TTO as a promising natural antifungal agent with strong biofilm-inhibitory properties. However, its limited efficacy in eradicating mature biofilms underscores the need for further studies, potentially involving higher concentrations or synergistic combinations with conventional antifungal agents.