bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant effects of the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) in the brain of chlorpyrifos-exposed goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Arlette del Pilar Gómez-Vega  , Jaime Fernando González-Mantilla
Published: July 2023

Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of phytocannabinoids present in Cannabis sativa L. (Linnaeus) are of increasing interest worldwide. In the present study, a group of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were used to test the antioxidant effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in the brain of in vivo chlorpyrifos (CPF)-exposed fish. CPF, an organophosphate insecticide, is known for its pro-oxidant effects and irreversible inhibition on cholinesterase (ChE) enzymes. The experimental fish (n=22) (22.86 ± 1.15 g body weight, 8.33 ± 0.16 cm total length) were randomly distributed in 4 different treatments: A. Control fish (n=6), B. CPF-exposed fish (n=5), C. CPF-exposed + IP injected vehicle (n=5), and D. CPF-exposed + IP-injected CBD (5 mg/Kg) (n=6). Fish were humanely sacrificed after 96 h of the experimental time and brains were processed to measure F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) as a biomarker of oxidative stress response (ELISA OxiSelect™ 8-iso-PGF2a). ChE activity was measured in fish blood plasma as a biomarker of CPF exposure. Mean values of F2-IsoPs and ChE were used as statistics for comparison among treatments. Neither of the fish treatments showed signs of acute poisoning after the CPF exposure. However, plasma ChE activity showed inhibition effects in the corresponding groups after the 96-h exposure to CPF. The lowest F2-IsoPs value (mean ± SE, pg/ml) was found in the CPF-exposed + CBD-injected fish (281 ± 45) followed by the controls (396 ± 90). The two highest values of F2-isoprostanes were present in the CPF-exposed (728 ± 236) and the CPF-exposed + vehicle-injected fish (566 ± 90) (ANOVA, 95%, p <0.05; Fisher least significant difference). Three types of functional groups within the CBD structure are considered a key factor to explain the prevention of oxidative stress: limonene, phenol and aliphatic group. These groups, particularly the phenol, transfer electrons and hydrogen atoms to avoid the lipid peroxidation in the tissues affected by pro-oxidant agents. Results in the present work showed that CBD protected of the oxidative stress caused by CPF in the brain of goldfish. This neuroprotective action of CBD against oxidative stress promotes further research to explore pharmacological and therapeutic applications.
Influence of TiN addition on densification behavior and mechanical properties of ZrB2 ceramics
Authors: Shima Alain , Kazemi Masoud
Published: July 2023

In the present work, densification behavior and mechanical features (fracture toughness and Vickers hardness) of undoped and TiN-doped ZrB2 ceramic materials, hot-pressed at 1800 ºC under 15 MPa for 1 hr, were studied. The addition of only 5 wt% TiN into ZrB2 has resulted in an increase in its relative density from 83% to 90 %. Removal of oxide contaminations like B2O3 via chemical reactions with TiN and new secondary phases formation such as ZrN, h-BN, and (Zr,Ti)B2 solid solutions were approved employing crystalline phase analysis and microstructural studies. Improvement of densification and restriction of grain growth caused enhancement of mechanical characteristics. The measured values of Vickers hardness and fracture toughness are ameliorated from 7.8 GPa and 1.5 MPa.m1/2 to 14.1 GPa and 3.8 MPa.m1/2, respectively.
“To do a little and well”: Anne Lister’s Reading Routine
Authors: Matthews Charley
Published: July 2023

Bibliophiles often imagine a pre-digital golden age of undistracted reading, but recent scholarship in the history of reading has refuted the existence of this past idyll. This short article introduces the diaries of Anne Lister (1791–1840) as a useful case study for considering how historical readers managed and worried about their intellectual time, and how this process was influenced by competing social pressures. The article discusses some episodes from the diaries that suggest that reading was subject to class-based expectations about the economy of time during this period, and that Lister carefully managed their reading time to develop a modern gentlemanly persona as part of their endeavor to inherit their uncle’s estate.
Case report: cryptococcosis and unexpected outcome
Authors: Stábille Isadora Lyrio , Ribeiro Karen Bento , Oliveira Luiza Barbosa de , Sasse Thiago Vieira , Guerra Ruth Maria Ribeiro , Silva Alex Eduardo da
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis is the most frequently encountered manifestation of cryptococcosis, a fungal infection often found in immunocompromised individuals. The purpose of this case report is to present an unexpected death of an immunocompetent patient with cryptococcosis, evidencing a fulminant course. Case report: A 65-year-old male patient, previously immunocompetent, was admitted to our hospital mechanically ventilated after deep sedation due to agitation and altered mental status. Three days prior to admission, he had a throbbing headache with no response to analgesics. After normal laboratory tests, evaluation of the cerebrospinal fluid was performed with positive culture of Cryptococcus neoformans and a positive India ink. Moreover, cranial computed tomography had nodular calcification in the right frontal lobe and in the left thalamus. Therefore, treatment was started with amphotericin B plus fluconazole, furthermore, therapeutic lumbar drainage was repeated daily. After six days, the patient was extubated and confirmed that his headache had a oneyear course, on that day his intracranial pressure was 13 cm. On the next day he was discharged from intensive care unit, and later on that day was found dead. Conclusion: Cryptococcosis is a potentially lethal infection, often with a more severe clinical course in immunocompetent patients. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and treatment are needed to avoid a fulminant course.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome trigged by an unusual trigger: a case report
Authors: Gomes Victor Hugo de Souza Silva , Guazina Marcelo Rosa , Rosa Gabriely Marjorie Dorner , Andrade Isadora Constantini Soares de , Oliveira Júlio Cesar de , Rezende Ana Barbara , Zarour Felipe Amorim , Siqueira Heloise Helena
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) is a rare condition of secondary headache to reversible multifocal narrowing of cerebral arteries, coursing with recurrent thunderclap-like pain, associated or not with focal neurological deficits and seizures. The mechanism is unknown, but an abnormality in control of cerebrovascular tonus triggered by a vasoconstrictor trigger is suggested. Diagnostic criteria is based on RCVS2, with high diagnostic accuracy. The aim is to report an unusual trigger cause for SVCR in a woman admitted in ER at Hospital Geral de Cuiabá. Case: CMP, 43-year-old, admitted at the cardiology ER, with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) due to asymmetric septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, referring after 2 sequential shocks of ICD, started a sudden, intense holocranial headache, worst in her life, associated to nausea and vomiting, without focal neurological deficits. Brain computed tomography and angiotomography of cranial vessels was performed, showing a thin layer of cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in right postcentral gyrus region, without aneurysmal dilations or others. Opioid analgesia was performed and Nimodipine was started as prophylaxis for cerebral vasospasm. On next day, presented a new episode of pain with the same characteristics, a new neuroimaging was acquired, maintaining the characteristics described. A skull arterial magnetic resonance angiography was requested for a better evaluation, however, because of ICD, it was unable to perform. RCVS2 was calculated, totaling 10 points, with high accuracy, diagnosing the pathology. Event prophylaxis initiated with Verapamil and Amitriptyline to pain and mood control and, during hospitalization, presented just one new episode of pain after measurements until telemetry is performed. Conclusion: SVCR is a rare entity and must be readily differentiated from malignant causes, such as aneurysmal SAH or others. Due to the recurrence of pain associated with the potential trigger and exclusion of other causes, diagnosis was established. RVCS2 scale was essential for the outcome in question. It´s being followed up at the headache and arrhythmology ambulatory, with a new imaging exam in three months, described in literature to verifying the reversal of initial findings.
Preparation and characterization of Pericopsis elata adsorbent for the treatment of heavy metal ions in a simulated waste water
Authors: Baba Nwunuji Hikon  , Godwin Ogbaji Egah  , Garindo Boro  , Hyelalibiya Ataitiya  , Aneshi Asose
Published: July 2023

The research aimed at using Pericopsis elata adsorbent to elute heavy metals in waste water. The Pericopsis elata was charred and activated with 0.1 M HNO3. The results of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) indicates broad band at 3742.03 and 3688.2 cm-1 (ranging from 3000 - 4000 cm-1) and were attributed to OH group stretch from alcohol and the water molecules adsorbed at the surface of the adsorbent that interact with the oxygen atoms and internal hydroxyl groups. This suggests that the adsorption was done on the OH bending of water. Zeiss EVO 50 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used in this study, the result showed that the structure of the Pericopsis elata adsorbent was observed at magnification of 10, 100,000 times with virtually unlimited depth of field. The SEM micrographs indicated macropores in the Pericopsis elata adsorbent showed large cavity. SEM results showed the surface morphology feature of the adsorbents which is an indication that important interaction occurred between the adsorbate and adsorbent granule interface in the experimental conditions. X-Ray Fluorescence Characterized the Adsorbent and the results showed the following chemical composition based on atomic concentration; carbon 89.39%, oxygen 6.56%, calcium 0.96%, nitrogen 2.19%, aluminium 0.47%, magnesium 0.22%, iron 0.09%, Phosphorus 0.05%, Silicon 0.04%, Sulfur 0.03%. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm provided information on the capacity of absorbent. The results indicated that an important interaction occurred between the adsorbate and adsorbent-granule interface.
Adaptation of Outcome-Based Education System in Pakistan for Engineering Disciplines and its Critical Evaluation
Authors: Farhan Haider  , Afshan Ahmed Siddiqui  , Syed Murtaza Ali
Published: July 2023

Pakistan has become a part of the Washington Accord in 2017 and started making reforms in its education sector. Outcome-Based Education (OBE) has been emphasized by Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) for the accreditation of all engineering degree programs. This paper presents some basic literature on the existing educational models in the world and the Outcome Based Education-OBE structure that has been implemented in Pakistan yet. Pakistan has successfully designed the Program Education Objectives (PEOs) and Program Learning Objectives (PLOs) for the academic sector. PEOs are the mission/vision statements that define the career and professional goals which the program is preparing students to achieve. PLOs are the quantifiable statements that define the knowledge and skills expertise of the students upon graduation ceremony. A survey has been conducted by employers to assess the skill level of fresh graduates against 12 PLOs of the OBE system in Pakistan. Of these, the PLOs related to four measurable statements namely: (i) Problem Analysis, (ii) Design of Solutions, (iii) Investigation, and (iv) Environment & Sustainability are found underperformance as surveyed from the industry sector following the performance of freshly graduated students. The survey also includes the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) evaluation of faculty members both from the department heads and the students too. This result shows underperformance of 15 % of the teaching faculty as per prescribed grading ranges. However, the OBE faces some difficulties as well and unfortunately, there are not so many graduates who entered into the industry after learning from OBE. It will, therefore, take some time to deliver the results of OBE implementation in Pakistan. Furthermore, some other education reforms from around the globe have been presented in this paper and some suggestions have been provided.
Modeling and Robust Fractional Order Fuzzy Sliding Mode Two Time Scale Controller Design for Synchronous Generator of ACP1000 Nuclear Power Plant in LabVIEW
Authors: Arshad Habib Malik  , Feroza Arshad  , Aftab Ahmad Memon
Published: July 2023

A state-of-the-art higher-order model of a synchronous generator is developed for ACP1000 nuclear power plant in the present research. The model is transformed into state space form. The state space model is decomposed into the two-time scale framework. Based on the dynamics of the synchronous generator, fast and slow states are identified. The reduced order slow model is identified by neglecting the fast dynamics. A closed-loop model is developed in the frequency domain incorporating coupled and decoupled dynamics as separate transfer functions. The closed-loop model is configured as input-output pairs and two controllers are synthesized using a hybrid fraction order proportional integral derivative sliding surface oriented adaptive fuzzy two-time-scale control algorithm. The simulation model is developed in the graphical programming environment LabVIEW. The open and closed loop dynamics of the synchronous generator is simulated and analyzed in frequency and time domain separately. The proposed closed-loop framework is robust in performance, results are accurate and stable well within robust performance bounds.
Cross-lagged analysis of the relationship between risk perception, physical activity, and adolescent mental health
Authors: Li Siyuan , Wang Ying
Published: July 2023

Background: According to a study of global adolescent mood problems during the pandemic, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 31% and depressive symptoms were 34% during the novel coronavirus pandemic, both significantly higher than before the pandemic. However, while physical activity has been clearly shown to be effective in moderating adolescent mental health problems, it is unknown whether physical activity is still effective for mental health under the risk perception of illness. Therefore, this study investigated the association between risk perception, physical activity, and adolescent mental health. Methods: Two questionnaires were administered to the same students in five high schools in December 2022 as well as in January 2023. , which investigated the risk perception level, physical activity intensity, and mental health level of adolescents during the New Crown pandemic. Results: There were significant gender differences (p < 0.01) for adolescents' risk perceptions, with gender difference effects of 0.255 (d = 0.416) and 0.195 (d = 0.402) for the two measures, and gender differences in mental health, with gender difference effects of 0.159 (d = 0.262) and 0.179 (d = 0.278).
Machine Learning Approches for Evaluating the Properties of Materials
Authors: Ahm Nanna Ahlmann
Published: July 2023

Machine Learning for Materials Science is a primer on the subject that also delves into the specifics of where ML might be
applied to materials science research. With a focus on where to collect data and some of the issues when choosing a
strategy, this article includes example approaches for ML applied to experiments and modeling, such as the first steps in
the procedure for constructing an ML solution for a materials science problem. The lengthy cycles of development,
inefficiencies, and higher costs of conventional techniques of material discovery, such as the density functional theory-
based and empirical trials and errors approach, make it impossible for materials research to keep up with modern
advances. Hence, machine learning is extensively employed in material detection, material design, and material analysis
because of its cheap computing cost and fast development cycle, paired with strong data processing and good prediction
performance. This article summarizes recent applications of ML algorithms within different material science fields,
discussing the advancements that are needed for widespread application, and details the critical operational procedures
involved in evaluating the features of materials using ML.
A Review on Background and Applications of Machine Learning in Materials Research
Authors: Ahmed Robert , Ahler Christna
Published: July 2023

In recent decades, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has garnered considerable interest owing to its potential to facilitate greater levels of automation and speed up overall output. There has been a significant increase in the quantity of training data sets, processing capacity, and deep learning techniques that are all favorable to the widespread use of AI in fields like material science. Attempting to learn anything new by trial and error is a slow and ineffective approach. Therefore, AI, and particularly machine learning, may hasten the process by gleaning rules from information and constructing predictive models. In traditional computational chemistry, human scientists give the formulae, and the computer just crunches the numbers. In this article, we take a look back at the ways in which artificial intelligence has been put to use in the creation of new materials, such as in their design, performance prediction, and synthesis. In these programs, an emphasis is placed on the specifics of AI methodology implementation and the benefits gained over more traditional approaches. The last section elaborates, from both an algorithmic and an infrastructural perspective, where AI is headed in the future.
Alih Kode Campur Kode dalam Interaksi Penjual dan Pembeli di Pusat Niaga Palopo
Authors: Yusni Yusni , Nengsi Sudirman
Published: July 2023

Masyarakat dalam proses komunikasi dan interaksi lebih cenderung menggunakan variasi bahasa. Salah satu variasi bahasa yang digunakan adalah alih kode campur kode.Alih kode dan campur kode adalah pergantian pemakaian bahasa atau ragam bahasa daerah kedalam bahasa lndonesia. Peralihan bahasa daerah ke Bahasa Indonesia, dan bahasa Indonesia ke bahasa daerah dikarenakan kondisi tertentu. Interaksi antara penjual dan pembeli di Pusat Niaga Palopo yang terjadi lebih bervariasi dalam menggunakan bahasa, sehinggan memudahkan  antara penjual dan pembeli saling memahami maksud dan tujuan pada saat proses transaksi berlangsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penyebab terjadinya alih kode campur kode dalam interaksi penjual dan pembeli.Jenis penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif artinya data yang dianalisis dan hasil penelitian hanya menggambarkan dan menjelaskan tidak berbentuk angka-angka.Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simak, teknik rekam, dan teknik catatat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat proses alih kode dan campur kode dalam pemakaian bahasa pada saat tawar menawar antara penjual dan pembeli di Pusat Niaga Palopo. Dengan demikian, penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode antara penjual dan pembeli dipengaruhi adanya kebiasaan penutur, mitra tutur, dan situasi pembicaraan tertentu serta kemampuan pemakaian bahasa yang dilatar belakangi oleh tingkat pendidikan baik penjual dan pembeli.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Tokyo Olympics Reports by the Chinese Media and American Media
Authors: Jia GAO , Aijun HE
Published: July 2023

Taking Fairclough’s three-dimensional model as a theoretical framework, the present study aims to make a contrastive analysis both qualitatively and quantitatively of the reports of the Tokyo Olympics Reports by China Daily and The New York Times. The study finds that the two media show some similarities on the textual level, which conform to the characteristics of news coverage. But the two media display different focus on description and lexical classification, which indicate China’s and America’s variance in ideological stances. On the discourse-practice level, different use of news sources and reporting modes demonstrate the inclination of the two countries. China Daily focuses on the global expectation and effective measures taken by organizers with specific linguistic techniques, demonstrating the Chinese pursuit of cooperation, inclusiveness and openness with a positive attitude towards the Olympic Games. By contrast, The New York Times emphasizes the negative aspects of this meeting and expresses a disapproving attitude, showing America’s individualism and pursuit of profit.
Research on the Cross-cultural Narrative Effect of Traditional Chinese Music
Authors: Peng WU
Published: July 2023

As an important component of fine traditional Chinese culture, promoting cross-cultural communication of traditional music is the theme of the “Culture Going-Out” Strategy. This paper introduces narrative theory into the cross-cultural communication of traditional Chinese music and separates five paradigms of its overseas narrative: Japan’s geographical relationship dimension, South Korea’s cultural trade dimension, Southeast Asia’s historical immigration dimension, the United States’ political security dimension, and Italy’s cultural sharing dimension. It also puts forward suggestions for reconstructing the cross-cultural narrative system of traditional Chinese music based on the analysis of the relationship between the narrative subject, narrative strategy, narrative discourse and narrative effect.
Analysis of the German Film Das Wunder von Bern from the Perspective of Cultural Memory
Authors: Jia HUO , Bing ZHANG
Published: July 2023

The theory of cultural memory has gradually formed a boom since the 20s of the 20th century, and the theory has continuously matured and developed with the deepening of research by famous scholars such as Jan Assman and Astrite El. The German film “Das Wunder von Bern” was filmed in 2003 while recreating the “Bern Miracle” of Germany’s victory in the 1954 World Cup. It describes the story of a family of former Nazi soldiers, showing the memory of the German people after World War II, including not only the painful memory of his father, Richard Rubinsky, in the prisoner of war camp, but also the memory of the three brothers and sisters’ abhorrence of Nazi crimes and the memory of German fans who regarded the defeat as a shame. Through the research method of rising from individual memory to collective memory, the different modes of cultural memory in the film “Das Wunder von Bern” are discussed, and the embodiment of the purpose and development of cultural memory in the film is analyzed, and finally, a deeper understanding of the film is obtained, and the understanding of cultural memory theory is deepened. The analysis of the film “Das Wunder von Bern” is not only of literary and academic significance, but also of great practical significance.
A Study on the Interaction Between the Qing and Zheng Wars and the Changes in Chinese Strategic Culture: Based on the Analysis of Neoclassical Realism Theory
Authors: Yuhong LI , Zhanghang ZHU , Anguang ZHENG
Published: July 2023

This paper attempts to take the conqueror of Taiwan by the Qing Dynasty as an example to explore the process and results of the strategic cultural transformation of the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was faced with intense geopolitics at the beginning of its founding. Therefore. the Qing Dynasty established a stable rule by establishing the eight banners. At the same time, it emphasizes the political situation that the Manchus people are the first and Han people are the second, and the resulting Strategic Culture is dominated by Land Power. However, after the outbreak of the Revolt of Three Feudatories, the previous Strategic Culture could not cope with the Zheng regime, which was dominated by Sea Power.
Academic Translation Should Follow the Standard of “Faithfulness, Expressiveness and Elegance”: Discussion of a Chinese Version of Public Opinion
Authors: LIN JIANG
Published: July 2023

The translation standard “Xin Da Ya” (faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance) is a profound understanding and theoretical summary of Yan Fu’s academic translation practice, which coincides with the current Chinese academic translation requirements set by the state. Therefore, “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance” has an important theoretical basis and practical foundation as an academic translation standard and can be a reliable yardstick for measuring the quality of academic translation. This article first traces the historical origins and key interpretations of “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance”, and then from this perspective, discusses the issues of mistranslation, omission, and addition in the Chinese version entitled Yu Lun of Walter Lippmann’s classic work Public Opinion, and provides sample translations for reference. The aim is to distinguish truth from falsehood and promote the genuine exchange and healthy development of Chinese and Western academic thought.
Research Progress of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron in Removal of Heavy Metals From Groundwater
Authors: Wu Yanqi , Guan Yuhong , Li Song , He Nongyue , Yuan Zhishan , Chen Hui
Published: July 2023

Groundwater heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious, receiving widespread attention. Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is one of the commonly used in situ remediation technologies for groundwater heavy metal pollution. Currently, it has been widely used in engineering practice. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an emerging remediation material with broad application prospects for groundwater heavy metal pollution. This article summarizes different types of PRB and methods for preparing nZVI. It also introduces the different modifications and effects of nZVI, and elaborates on the relevant problems that need to be overcome in the engineering application of nZVI. This study believes that seeking more affordable modification methods and environmentally friendly modification materials are key issues that need to be addressed in the future.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion – Insights from a Justice Perspective
Authors: Caldwell Cam , Anderson Kenneth , Rutledge Tangela
Published: July 2023

Diversity, equity, and inclusion have been topics of increasing interest as many organizations give lip service to the importance of treating employees fairly. In this paper we expand the discussion of justice - noting that equity is only one of twelve justice-based elements and clarifying why all twelve of those elements are essential in increasing employee belonging and commitment. We encourage organizations to expand their commitment to all the elements of justice to increase employee ownership and performance and to build greater organization trust.
Students’ Perceptions of Using Roblox in Multimodal Literacy Practices in Teaching and Learning English
Authors: Sinar T. Silvana , Budiman Mohammad Andri , Ganie Rohani , Rosa Rusdi Noor
Published: July 2023

The need for digital technology involvement in education is increasingly apparent, so learning techniques are required to be prepared in various digital formats. Using digital learning materials enables teachers to implement the current concept of literacy, i.e., multimodal literacy. This study aims to find out the students' need for digital literacy and their perceptions of using the Roblox game as the learning media to improve their multimodal literacy. This descriptive study used a survey method, taking the second-year junior high school students in the 2021-2022 academic year in one of the state junior high schools in Medan, Indonesia as the respondents. The data were collected using two sets of closed-ended questionnaires. The data obtained from the first questionnaire were analyzed using a forced choice technique for yes or no answers, while the data obtained from the second questionnaire were analyzed using a 4-Point Likert Scale. The results indicate the students' need for digital literacy and their good perceptions of using Roblox as the learning media in improving their English multimodal literacy. It is concluded that teaching English at junior high school is expected to be designed in a digital format by involving games as the media, facilitating the students to improve their English multimodal literacy.
Transformative forms of simulation in health care – the seven simulation-based ‘I’s: a concept taxonomy review of the literature
Authors: Weldon Sharon Marie , Buttery Andy Graham , Spearpoint Ken , Kneebone Roger
Published: July 2023

Simulation for non-pedagogical purposes has begun to emerge. Examples include quality improvement initiatives, testing and evaluating of new interventions, the co-designing of new models of care, the exploration of human and organizational behaviour, comparing of different sectors and the identification of latent safety threats. However, the literature related to these types of simulation is scattered across different disciplines and has many different associated terms, thus making it difficult to advance the field in both recognition and understanding. This paper, therefore, aims to enhance and formalize this growing field by generating a clear set of terms and definitions through a concept taxonomy of the literature.

Due to the lack of alignment in terminology, a combination of pearl growing, snowballing and citation searching approach was taken. The search was conducted between November 2020 and March 2023. Data were extracted and coded from the included papers according to seven Simulation-Based I’s (SBIs; Innovation, Improvement, Intervention, Involvement, Identification, Inclusion and Influence).

Eighty-three papers were identified from around the world, published from 2008 to 2023. Just over half were published in healthcare simulation journals. There were 68 different terms used to describe this form of simulation. Papers were categorized according to a primary and secondary Simulation-Based ‘I’. The most common primary SBI was Simulation-Based Identification. Selected categorized papers formed a descriptive narrative for each SBI.

This review and taxonomy has revealed the breadth of an emerging and distinct field within healthcare simulation. It has identified the rate at which this field is growing, and how widespread it is geographically. It has highlighted confusion in terminology used to describe it, as well as a lack of consistency in how it is presented throughout the literature. This taxonomy has created a grounding and step change for this work which is embedded in the literature, providing a rich and varied resource of how it is being utilized globally.
Maximizing yield of mustard through zinc and boron fertilization
Authors: Shivanand Jha , Anwar Md , Harun Rashid , Kumar Paul
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during November 2021 to January 2022 to evaluate the varietal response of mustard to zinc (Zn) and boron (B) fertilization. The experiment comprised two varieties viz., BARI sharisa-14 and Binasharisa-11, and nine doses of Zn & B viz., Zn 0 kg ha-1 B 0 kg ha-1 (control), Zn 2 kg ha-1, Zn 4 kg ha-1, B 2 kg ha-1, B 4 kg ha-1, Zn 2 kg ha-1 + B 2 kg ha-1, Zn 2 kg ha-1 + B 4 kg ha-1, Zn 4 kg ha-1 + B 2 kg ha-1 and Zn 4 kg ha-1 + B 4 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Binasharisa-11 produced taller plants (115.09 cm), the highest number of branches plant-1 (7.85), 1000-seed weight (3.81 g), seed yield (1.76 t ha-1) and stover yield (4.02 t ha-1) while BARI Sharisa-14 gave the lowest values of all parameters. Application of Zn 2 kg ha-1 + B 2 kg ha-1 produced the highest number of branches plant-1 (8.82), total number of siliqua plant-1 (59.11), 1000-seed weight (4.29 g), seed yield (1.84 t ha-1) and stover yield (4.23 t ha-1) and lowest values were found in control. In case of interaction the highest number of branches plant-1 (9.62), effective siliqua plant-1 (54.08), number of seeds siliqua-1 (31.55), seed yield (t ha-1) and stover yield (4.51 t ha-1) were found in Binasharisa-11 fertilized with Zn 2 kg ha-1 + B 2 kg ha-1 while the lowest values were recorded in BARI Sharisa-14 with control fertilization of Zn & B. Therefore, Binasharisa-11 fertilized with Zn 2 kg ha-1 + B 2 kg ha-1 appears as the promising technique in terms of higher seed yield of mustard. However, further trials can be conducted at different agro-ecological zones of the country to confirm this result.
Impact of land use on carbon sequestration potential of soils in Agroecological Zone-9 of Bangladesh
Authors: Yeasmin Sabina , Jahan Eshara , Islam A , Anwar Md , Hoque Tahsina
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to ascertain the effect of land uses (cropland, orchard, grassland, and fallow) on soil OC pools in two depths (0–10 and 40–50 cm). Particulate organic matter (POM) (> 53 µm) and mineral associated OM (MOM) (< 53 µm) pools were physically separated from bulk soils and analyzed for OC and N analysis. For both depths, the soil from grassland showed considerably higher OC (0.96-1.47%) and N (0.084-0.095%) values than the other land uses. In surface depth, the lowest OC was found in cropland soil (0.83%) and in sub-surface, it was in fallow land soil (0.75%), whereas the orchard soil had moderate OC in both depths. Depth showed significant differences in OC distribution. Surface soils had higher OC than the sub-surface soils which can be explained by the continuous addition of organic residues (crop/leaf/dried grasses) on the top soil. The distribution of POM and MOM fractions among the soils of different land uses were different. Interestingly, cropland and orchard soils had higher MOM-OC (MOC) than POM-OC (POC) in comparison to the relatively less disturbed grassland and fallow land soils. The amount of OC and N in OM pools was significantly different among the land uses in both depths. In surface depth, cropland soil showed the lowest POC content whereas the orchard and fallow land soils showed relatively higher. The MOC content was highest in fallow land (2.73%), lowest in orchard (1.30%) and cropland had moderate amount. In sub-surface depth, amount of OC was higher than surface soils and the trend of OC distribution between POM and MOM was different. Grassland soil had the highest OC (2.89-3.10%) for both fractions, followed by cropland > orchard > fallow. These findings showed that in cropland disturbance in soil could aid in depleting OC only from the most labile POM pool keeping the OC almost intact in stable MOM pool. Less disturbance in native soil condition such as grassland does not always benefit in enhancing/maintaining OC, rather it depends on the quality and quantity of OM added in the soils from the vegetation cover.
Present status of newborn screening in Bangladesh through the participation of health professionals
Authors: Sumaia Sayedatun , Reshad Riyan , Tabassum Fawzia , Mim Sabrina , Mahmud Mohammad , Faruque Chowdhury , Biswas Gokul , Miah Md
Published: July 2023

The idea of newborn screening is to discover potentially fatal or disabling problems in infants as early as possible, usually, before the baby shows any signs or symptoms of an illness or condition. As part of the government's newborn screening program, almost all infants in developed nations are checked at birth for uncommon, severe, and treatable disorders (NBS). As newborn screening remains a major difficulty in Bangladesh, there have lately been proposals for a wider voluntary strategy to aid in the early detection and treatment of a broader range of disorders. A self-administered online survey was carried out in collaboration with Bangladeshi health professionals. Using a mixed qualitative-quantitative statistical approach, the knowledge, engagement, intents, and preferences of healthcare professionals about testing methodologies, testing characteristics, hospital infrastructure, cost estimation, and parental attitudes toward newborn screening were investigated.
The final analysis included 281 individuals, of which 59 percent were men and 41 percent were women. Males had a higher level of knowledge of newborn screening than females in relation to gender (79.1 percent for male participants and 77.7 percent for the female participants). Knowledge and the current occupation had a significant connection (p 0.05). Congenital Hypothyroidism disease was screened by NBS the most (18.7% of cases), numerous other diseases were also screened by NBS. The significance of this work to public health is the attribution of participants who want to reduce child mortality and improve child health in their community, as well as the potential to construct public discussion groups that recognize screening diseases, investigate hospital facilities for it, and provide information to families and health professionals about the importance of newborn screening.
SCOPE, INNOVATION AND CHALLENGES IN KUMAR KAUSHAL
(CHILD WELLBEING)
Authors: Patel Sandhya
Published: July 2023

Starting with eight specialties in various medical fields Ayurveda evolved in current form having fourteen specialties in a relatively short span of about four and a half decades. Kaumarbhritya, one of the eight ancient specialties, was intended for promoting health of pregnant women to enable them to have healthy progeny, meet nutritional demands of all age groups of children, prevention of pediatric disorders, their treatment and make the enable children to grow into healthy adults, which would result into healthy continuity of human life form. Realizing the importance of genetics, epigenetics, teratology, embryology, neonatology and distinct illnesses of children of various age groups the Central Council of Indian Medicine (the present NCISM) to develop the field of kaumarbhritya into two separate specialties. This resulted in bifurcation of original specialty of kaumarbhritya in two different full-fledged specialties viz pediatrics, and gynecology and obstetrics fulfilling the expectation of the society for the health benefits of two concerned groups of population and in turn justifying the demand of ayurvedic professional. First batch of MD (Ayu) course exclusively in pediatrics started in 1979 in IPGT&R, Jamnagar and first batch coming out with specialization in ayurvedic pediatrics in 1981. The visionary ancient ayurvedic researchers’ health goals to enable healthy and successful reproduction, prevention of genetic and/or hereditary disorders, treating health conditions of children from various age groups with prevention strategies and maintenance their health are now the responsibilities of these two kinds of specialists. Since then there is no looking back for the ayurvedic pediatricians. It would not be a surprise if genetics, epigenetics and teratology also become full-fledged branches of ayurvedic pediatrics in future. It is now more than four decades since separation of ayurvedic pediatrics and it would be apt to discuss the scope, innovation and challenges that this specialty faces when this exclusive issue on ayurvedic pediatrics is getting published.
Evaluation of temporomandibular joint dysfunction by a mandibular tracing system: A case report
Authors:   Department of Restorative Sciences and Biomaterials, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United states, Liao Peixi
Published: July 2023

Objective: The purpose of this case report was to present a digital mandibular tracing technique that is used to evaluate a patient with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). Clinical features: A 65-year-old Caucasian female patient presented with chronic jaw pain in her temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area. The patient describes a dental history of orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment. Orally patient exhibits super erupted teeth, multiply fractured restorations, facial gingival recession, and rotated teeth. The patient also had an uneven occlusal plane and non-working side contact at maxillary first and mandibular second molars. Evaluation and outcome: A digital mandibular tracing technique, cone beam computed tomography, and full-arch optical impressions were used to evaluate the patient’s condition. The left condyle was slightly flat compared with the right one on the anterior surface. Limited protrusion and lateral movements and asymmetric border movements were detected. Apparently, an incomplete orthodontic treatment at the patient’s early age, iatrogenic mandibular anterior restorations, and hit and slight effect are considered causes of temporomandibular joint problems. The recommended treatment plan sequence for this patient is an occlusal adjustment, replacement of defective restorations, and fabrication of an occlusal guard for one of the arches. Conclusion: A digital mandibular tracing system can help the dentist to diagnose and analyze the causes of TMD patients specifically and individually. It also provides quick resolution and management for patients with TMD.
Comparative Analysis of Risks Behind the Beta Value Difference of New Energy Vehicles in China
Authors: Dong Jiahua , Zhang Dianlun
Published: July 2023

Three electronic vehicle China companies have developed rapidly in recent years. But they have totally different beta according to the average data of past five years. The beta of Li auto, NIO and XPeng is 0.63,1.85,2.85. Therefore, we analyze from the perspectives of policy, market, research and development and sustainable development to discover the reason behind the beta difference and industry characteristics. Since three companies are all listed, therefore, we make full use of the annual report and publicly disclosed information. After comparison, we find that Li has the lowest beta due to its small category but with a single explosive product, high sales growth and market share, electricity-oil mixed long endurance capability and low percentage of R&D cost. While NIO list medium due to its product variety but quite low endurance, medium sales growth and market share, huge power swap station but fixed cost involved and medium R&D expenditure. Finally, XPeng has the highest beta due to its wide price range, comparatively slow growth rate and market share, first one to conduct oversea market trials and large R&D cost.
Blind box economic marketing model analysis and prospect development strategy research: A case study of POP MART
Authors: Cui Weixi
Published: July 2023

Nowadays, China's blind box industry, as an emerging industry, is developing at a high speed. Blind box economy has greatly promoted China's economic development. Due to young people's strong curiosity and strong desire for shopping, the uncertainty and popularity of blind boxes, blind boxes are very attractive to contemporary young people. Therefore, based on simple data analysis, the author studies the marketing model of blind box economy, the problems existing in the blind box industry and the future development strategy of the blind box industry in this paper. This paper finds that the blind box economy is in the stage of rapid development, so there are a variety of problems, such as blind box bidding, poor quality of blind box, false publicity and after-sales service is not in place. To solve these problems, this paper puts forward some suggestions. First of all, the government should establish and improve the relevant laws of the blind box industry and strengthen supervision and law enforcement to protect the rights and interests of consumers. Secondly, businesses engaged in the blind box industry should operate in accordance with the law to ensure the production of good quality products and provide efficient after-sales service. Finally, consumers should learn and understand the blind box selling mechanism, rational consumption, and learn how to correctly safeguard their rights. The significance of this paper is to promote the healthy development of blind box economy and guide the blind box industry to become a more mature industry.
Analysis of Motivations, Process, and Implications of Elon Musk’s Acquisition of Twitter
Authors: Jia Junhui , Pan Hao , Su Junming
Published: July 2023

After Elon Musk announced his plan to acquire Twitter, it attracted extensive attention from various sectors of society. In recent years, Musk, who is a maverick, not only has unquestionable solvency but also enjoys a great reputation in society. Twitter is a leader in social media platforms, frequently appearing in people's sight, and has become an indispensable part of social software. In order to explore the truth of the matter and bring enlightenment to investors as well as corporations, this study will analyze Musk's acquisition motivation, acquisition method, and financing method based on some news reports, Twitter's financial reports, as well as Musk's words and deeds. According to the analysis of this acquisition case, it is not difficult to notice that this event has a profound impact not only on Musk and Twitter but also on society and American politicians' elections. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of acquisition for KOL and social media industry.
FILOSOFIA LEAN E A FERRAMENTA VSM: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A UTILIZAÇÃO DA FILOSOFIA E DA FERRAMENTA NAS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES PRODUZIDAS NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PÚBLICAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Da Costa Alexandre Menezes , Nogueira Ricardo Jorge da Cunha Costa
Published: July 2023

O Lean Thinking, ou Pensamento Enxuto, é uma filosofia de trabalho em que se aplicam determinados princípios, para que se possa obter redução de perdas e melhoria nos processos organizacionais, visando ao aumento da produtividade e da eficiência. O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar qual o impacto que a filosofia Lean e a ferramenta Value Stream Mapping (VSM) exerceram sobre a produção de teses e dissertações nas Instituições públicas de ensino superior no Brasil, nos últimos 10 (dez) anos, de forma a contribuir para que o universo acadêmico e sociedade em geral possam analisar e avaliar a necessidade de utilização destes recursos, como meio para obtenção de melhoria em seus processos. Para o alcance deste objetivo, quanto à abordagem, a pesquisa se caracterizou como quantitativa. Os procedimentos técnicos utilizados foram baseados em pesquisas nos sites e portais da área e na revisão da literatura, ocorridas em duas fases distintas: sendo a primeira baseada no levantamento e analise dos dados, culminando com a formatação do texto para que a leitura e o entendimento ficassem acessíveis ao leitor. Neste sentido, o resultado obtido foi a constatação de que no total de 61 (sessenta e uma) instituições pesquisadas, entre Institutos de Tecnologia e Universidades, somente 12 (doze) apresentaram em seus programas de pós-graduação Stricto Sensu, no curso de Engenharia de Produção, teses e dissertações produzidas com a temática do Lean Thinking, Lean Manufacturing e a ferramenta VSM. Neste contexto, observou-se uma maior concentração de pesquisas realizadas com este tema nas regiões Sul e Sudeste e de menor produção nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. Este fato evidencia haver ainda um vasto campo de oportunidades de pesquisa a ser exploradas, neste tema, considerando o notório potencial industrial e tecnológico de algumas regiões, a partir dos números apresentados neste estudo.