bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A non-randomised controlled pilot study of clinical pharmacist collaborative intervention for community dwelling patients with COPD
Authors: Hunt Vicki , Anderson Dave , Lowrie Richard , Montgomery Sardar Colette , Ballantyne Susan , Bryson Graeme , Kyle John , Hanlon Peter
Published: October 2018

UK, home-based patients with COPD receive specialist care from respiratory physicians, nurses, and general practitioners (GPs), but increasing complexity of therapeutic options and a GP/Nurse workforce crisis suggests merit in testing the role of home visits by a clinical pharmacist. We conducted a non-randomised intervention study with a contemporaneous comparator group, in Glasgow (Scotland). A clinical pharmacist (working closely with a consultant respiratory physician) visited patients with COPD living at home, assessing respiratory and other co-morbid conditions, and medicines then, with patient approval, agreed treatment modifications with a consultant physician. Comparator group-patients were drawn from another hospital out-patient clinic. Main outcomes were exacerbations during 4-months of follow-up and respiratory hospitalisations (number and duration) after 1 year. In the intervention group, 86 patients received a median of three home visits; 87 received usual care (UC). At baseline, patients in the intervention group were similar to those in UC in terms of respiratory hospitalisations although slightly younger, more likely to receive specific maintenance antibiotics/Prednisolone and to have had exacerbations. Sixty-two (72.1%) of the intervention group received dose changes; 45 (52.3%) had medicines stopped/started and 21 (24.4%) received an expedited review at the specialist respiratory consultant clinic; 46 (53.5%) were referred to other healthcare services. Over one-third were referred for bone scans and 11% received additional investigations. At follow-up, 54 (63.5%) of intervention group participants had an exacerbation compared with 75 (86.2%) in the UC group (p = 0.001); fewer had respiratory hospitalisations (39 (45.3%) vs. 66 (76.7%); p < 0.001). Hospitalisations were shorter in the intervention group. Pharmacist-consultant care for community dwelling patients with COPD, changed clinical management and improved outcomes. A randomised controlled trial would establish causality.
Exams at classroom have bidirectional effects on the long-term memory of an unrelated graphical task
Authors: Lopes da Cunha P. , Ramirez Butavand D. , Chisari L. B. , Ballarini F. , Viola H.
Published: October 2018

The influence of a given event on long-term memory formation of another one has been a relevant topic of study in the neuroscience field in recent years. Students at school learn contents which are usually tested in exam format. However, exam elevates the arousal state of the students acting as a mild stressor that could influence another memory formation ongoing process. Thus, in this study we examine in high school students the effect of exams on long-term retention of unrelated information, learned at different times before or after the exams. Our results show that exams are not innocuous and that they could improve or reduce the retention of temporarily associated content. These effects did not show gender differences. Our findings should alert teachers about the side effects of exams on the learning of other content within the same school day.
Author Correction: A Donor Quality Index for liver transplantation: development, internal and external validation
Authors: Winter Audrey , Féray Cyrille , Audureau Etienne , Azoulay Daniel , Antoine Corinne , Daurès Jean-Pierre , Landais Paul
Published: October 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Genome-wide expression profiling of glioblastoma using a large combined cohort
Authors: Tang Jing , He Dian , Yang Pingrong , He Junquan , Zhang Yang
Published: October 2018

Glioblastomas (GBMs), are the most common intrinsic brain tumors in adults and are almost universally fatal. Despite the progresses made in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation over the past decades, the prognosis of patients with GBM remained poor and the average survival time of patients suffering from GBM was still short. Discovering robust gene signatures toward better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms leading to GBM is an important prerequisite to the identification of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, a comprehensive study of genome-scale mRNA expression data by combining GBM and normal tissue samples from 48 studies was performed. The 147 robust gene signatures were identified to be significantly differential expression between GBM and normal samples, among which 100 (68%) genes were reported to be closely associated with GBM in previous publications. Moreover, function annotation analysis based on these 147 robust DEGs showed certain deregulated gene expression programs (e.g., cell cycle, immune response and p53 signaling pathway) were associated with GBM development, and PPI network analysis revealed three novel hub genes (RFC4, ZWINT and TYMS) play important role in GBM development. Furthermore, survival analysis based on the TCGA GBM data demonstrated 38 robust DEGs significantly affect the prognosis of GBM in OS (p < 0.05). These findings provided new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying GBM and suggested the 38 robust DEGs could be potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment.
Non-uniform Excitation States in Photoinduced Deformation of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Films
Authors: Aono Masami , Harata Tomo , Kitazawa Nobuaki , Abe Hiroshi , Ishii Shingo , Sato Yohei , Terauchi Masami
Published: October 2018

Amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx) films prepared via reactive radio frequency magnetron sputtering deform under on–off visible light illumination. We investigate the relationship between photoinduced deformation and surface electrical states via scanning electron microscopy with Ar+ laser irradiation (SEM-L). Two samples with different levels of photoinduced deformation are prepared. For the film with small photoinduced deformation, uniform secondary electron emission is observed on the film surface, regardless of whether the laser is on or off. On the a-CNx film, which has fifty times larger photoinduced deformation than the previous film, light and dark patches, similar to a speckle pattern, appear on the film surface in SEM-L images. This anomalous phenomenon indicates non-uniformity of the electrical states excited by laser light irradiation. A size of the patches is well correlated with an inhomogeneous distribution of sp3C and sp2C, Isp3C/Isp2C, obtained using soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (SXES). Simultaneously, temporal decrease in the sp3C component under illumination is obtained via SXES.
Evaluation of the thermal aging of δ-ferrite in austenitic stainless steel welds by electrochemical analysis
Authors: Obulan Subramanian Gokul , Kong Byeong Seo , Lee Ho Jung , Jang Changheui
Published: October 2018

Cr-segregation by spinodal decomposition and G-phase precipitation were observed in δ-ferrite of austenitic stainless steel welds thermally aged at 400 °C for up to 20,000 h. A reversion heat treatment (R-HT) at 550 °C for 1 h dissolved the Cr-segregation in the aged welds while some intermetallic precipitates were present. The double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) analysis showed no significant differences among them. However, after selective etching of the austenite phase, the DL-EPR values of δ-ferrite phase steadily increased with aging time due to the growth of Cr-depleted regions by spinodal decomposition. The electrochemical behavior of δ-ferrite after R-HT condition was similar to that of unaged welds, indicating the intermetallic precipitates did not affect the corrosion resistance in this case. Overall, DL-EPR analysis of δ-ferrite phase provided better correlation with spinodal decomposition.
In silico-prediction of protein–protein interactions network about MAPKs and PP2Cs reveals a novel docking site variants in Brachypodium distachyon
Authors: Jiang Min , Niu Chao , Cao Jianmei , Ni Di-an , Chu Zhaoqing
Published: October 2018

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) underlie the molecular mechanisms of most biological processes. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) can be dephosphorylated by MAPK-specific phosphatases such as PP2C, which are critical to transduce extracellular signals into adaptive and programmed responses. However, the experimental approaches for identifying PPIs are expensive, time-consuming, laborious and challenging. In response, many computational methods have been developed to predict PPIs. Yet, these methods have inherent disadvantages such as high false positive and negative results. Thus, it is crucial to develop in silico approaches for predicting PPIs efficiently and accurately. In this study, we identified PPIs among 16 BdMAPKs and 86 BdPP2Cs in B. distachyon using a novel docking approach. Further, we systematically investigated the docking site (D-site) of BdPP2C which plays a vital role for recognition and docking of BdMAPKs. D-site analysis revealed that there were 96 pairs of PPIs including all BdMAPKs and most BdPP2Cs, which indicated that BdPP2C may play roles in other signaling networks. Moreover, most BdPP2Cs have a D-site for BdMAPKs in our prediction results, which suggested that our method can effectively predict PPIs, as confirmed by their 3D structure. In addition, we validated this methodology with known Arabidopsis and yeast phosphatase-MAPK interactions from the STRING database. The results obtained provide a vital research resource for exploring an accurate network of PPIs between BdMAPKs and BdPP2Cs.
Lying down frequency as a discomfort index in heat stressed Holstein bull calves
Authors: Kovács Levente , Kézér Fruzsina L. , Bakony Mikolt , Jurkovich Viktor , Szenci Ottó
Published: October 2018

Changes in lying behaviour in response to extreme ambient temperatures have not been examined in dairy calves so far. In this study, lying time, and frequency of lying down were investigated in shaded (n = 8) and non-shaded (n = 8) Holstein bull calves during a 5-d period [temperature, average/max (°C); Day 1 (control, all calves shaded): 22.9/29.4, Day 2 (heat stress day): 28.3/38.8, Day 3: 26.2/33.5, Day 4: 23.7/28.7, and Day 5: 21.2/24.7]. The thermal environment around the calves was characterized by the temperature–humidity index (THI). A three-dimension accelerometer was used to record posture of the calves and lying time and lying down frequency were analysed with 4-h sampling intervals. On Day 1 no differences were found in THI between the shaded and non-shaded environments. On Days 2, 3 and 4 maximal and average THI were higher in the shaded than those recorded for the non-shaded environment. On Day5 no significant differences in THI were observed between calf environments. A similar diurnal pattern of lying time and lying down frequency was observed in both groups. Lying times were shorter during the afternoon (P = 0.003); however, no group differences were found in lying time (P = 0.551). During the daytime (between 8:00 and 20:00), the frequency of lying down was 50, 33, and 41% higher, respectively, than during the nighttime on Days 2, 3 and 4 (P < 0.001, P = 0.011, and P < 0.001). On the heat stress day, non-shaded calves changed posture 88.4 and 76.6% more often than shaded ones between 8:00 and 12:00 and 12:00 and 16:00, respectively (P < 0.001 for both intervals). Similar group differences were observed for Day 3 between 8:00 and 12:00 (71.2%) and Day 4 between 12:00 and 16:00 (76.6%), respectively (P = 0.003, and P = 0.001). On Day 5, there was no difference between groups (P = 0.732). As indicated by our results, heat stress causes changes in lying down frequency and lying time in dairy calves. Supplemental shading reduces discomfort as indicated by lying down frequency, but not by lying time.
Gut microbiome modulation during treatment of mucositis with the dairy bacterium Lactococcus lactis and recombinant strain secreting human antimicrobial PAP
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo , Vaz Aline , Pereira Felipe Luiz , Dorella Fernanda , Aguiar Eric , Chatel Jean-Marc , Bermudez Luis , Langella Philippe , Fernandes Gabriel , Figueiredo Henrique , Goes-Neto Aristóteles , Azevedo Vasco
Published: October 2018

Mucositis is an inflammatory condition of the gut, caused by an adverse effect of chemotherapy drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In an attempt to develop alternative treatments for the disease, several research groups have proposed the use of probiotics, in particular, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). In this context, the use of recombinant LAB, for delivering anti-inflammatory compounds has also been explored. In previous work, we demonstrated that eitherLactococcus lactisNZ9000 or a recombinant strain expressing an antimicrobial peptide involved in human gut homeostasis, the Pancreatitis-associated Protein (PAP), could ameliorate 5-FU-induced mucositis in mice. However, the impact of these strains on the gut microbiota still needs to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to characterize the effects of bothLactococcistrains in the gut microbiome of mice through a 16 S rRNA gene sequencing metagenomic approach. Our data show 5-FU caused a significant decrease in protective bacteria and increase of several bacteria associated with pro-inflammatory traits. TheLactococcistrains were shown to reduce several potential opportunistic microbes, while PAP delivery was able to suppress the growth ofEnterobacteriaceaeduring inflammation. We conclude the strain secreting antimicrobial PAP was more effective in the control of 5-FU-dysbiosis.
Distinguishing Ewing sarcoma and osteomyelitis using FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Chaber Radosław , Arthur Christopher J. , Depciuch Joanna , Łach Kornelia , Raciborska Anna , Michalak Elżbieta , Cebulski Józef
Published: October 2018

The differential diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma and osteomyelitis can be challenging and can lead to delays in treatment with possibly devastating results. In this retrospective, small-cohort study we demonstrate, that the Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectra of osteomyelitis bone tissue can be differentiated from Ewing sarcoma and normal bone tissue sampled outside tumour area. Significant differences in osteomyelitis samples can be seen in lipid and protein composition. Supervised learning using a quadratic discriminant analysis classifier was able to differentiate the osteomyelitis samples with high accuracy. FTIR spectroscopy, alongside routine radiological and histopathological methods, may offer an additional tool for the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis and ES.
Pro-opiomelanocortin and its Processing Enzymes Associate with Plaque Stability in Human Atherosclerosis – Tampere Vascular Study
Authors: Rinne Petteri , Lyytikäinen Leo-Pekka , Raitoharju Emma , Kadiri James J. , Kholova Ivana , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Oksala Niku
Published: October 2018

α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is processed from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and mediates anti-inflammatory actions in leukocytes. α-MSH also promotes macrophage reverse cholesterol transport by inducing ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Here we investigated the regulation of POMC and α-MSH expression in atherosclerosis. First, transcript levels of POMC and its processing enzymes were analyzed in human arterial plaques (n = 68) and non-atherosclerotic controls (n = 24) as well as in whole blood samples from coronary artery disease patients (n = 55) and controls (n = 45) by microarray. POMC expression was increased in femoral plaques compared to control samples as well as in unstable advanced plaques. α-MSH-producing enzyme, carboxypeptidase E, was down-regulated, whereas prolylcarboxypeptidase, an enzyme inactivating α-MSH, was up-regulated in unstable plaques compared to stable plaques, suggesting a possible reduction in intraplaque α-MSH levels. Second, immunohistochemical analyses revealed the presence of α-MSH in atherosclerotic plaques and its localization in macrophages and other cell types. Lastly, supporting the role of α-MSH in reverse cholesterol transport, POMC expression correlated with ABCA1 and ABCG1 in human plaque and whole blood samples. In conclusion, α-MSH is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and its processing enzymes associate with plaque stability, suggesting that measures to enhance the local bioavailability of α-MSH might protect against atherosclerosis.
A new mitochondria-targeted ratiometric fluorescent probe based on diketopyrrolopyrrole for imaging endogenous HOCl in living cells
Authors: Xie Xiaoxu , Wang Jian , Yan Yongchao , Zhang Xiao , Liu Chenchen , Yang Ji , Hua Jianli
Published: October 2018

Ratiometric fluorescent probe (PTZ-TDPP) for HOCl detecting based on diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and phenothiazine platform was designed and synthesized. PTZ-TDPP could target mitochondria and successfully applied in detecting endogenous HOCl in living RAW 264.7 cells.
How do the unique Au/α-Fe2O3 interfacial structures determine activity in CO oxidation?
Authors: Gu Lingli , Su Qin , Jiang Wu , Yao Yao , Pang Yijun , Ji Weijie , Au Chak-Tong
Published: October 2018

Unique Au/α-Fe2O3 interfacial structures and the interface-associated intermediates critically determine the activity of CO oxidation.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of the effect of flower tea Coreopsis tinctoria on hepatic insulin resistance
Authors: Jiang Baoping , Lv Qiuyue , Wan Wenting , Le Liang , Xu Lijia , Hu Keping , Xiao Peigen
Published: October 2018

Non-Camellia tea and herbal medicine help prevent the development of diabetes and other metabolic diseases.
Transition metal- and photoredox-catalyzed valorisation of lignin subunits
Authors: Das Amrita , König Burkhard
Published: October 2018

Lignin is a valuable source for chemicals, particularly phenols, and has the potential to serve as a raw material for fuels.
Advances in organ-, body-, and disease-on-a-chip systems
Authors: Shuler Michael L.
Published: October 2018

Thought leader Michael Shuler provides an update on the Lab on a Chip organ-, body- and disease- on-a-chip thematic collection.
Nanostructured WO3/graphene composites for sensing NOx at room temperature
Authors: Adhyapak Parag V. , Bang Amruta D. , More Pooja , Munirathnam N. R.
Published: October 2018

WO3 have been synthesized using two capping agents out of which citric acid assisted WO3 was found to exhibit better response towards NOx than WO3 obtained from oxalic acid. The sensitivity was further enhanced by preparing composite with graphene.
Hydrazine-solvothermal methods to synthesize polymeric thioarsenates from one-dimensional chains to a three-dimensional framework
Authors: Han Jingyu , Li Shufen , Tang Chunying , Zheng Wei , Jiang Wenqing , Jia Dingxian
Published: October 2018

Mn(ii)-thioarsenates [Mn(en)3]n[Mn6S(N2H4)4(AsS3)4]n(1), [N2H5]n[{Mn(N2H4)2(AsS4)}·0.5en]n(2), [Mn(trien){Mn(N2H4)(AsS3)}2]n(3), [Mn3(N2H4)6(AsS3)2]n(4), [Mn3(N2H4)6(AsS4)2]n(5), and [Mn(NH3)6]n[{Mn(NH3)(AsS4)}2]n(6) were prepared in N2H4by solvothermal methods.
Effect of electric field on the electrical properties of a self-assembled perylene bisimide
Authors: Saberi Moghaddam Reza , Draper Emily R. , Wilson Claire , Heidari Hadi , Adams Dave J.
Published: October 2018

A functionalised perylene bisimide forms two different self-assembled structures in water depending on the solution pH.
Synthesis and conductive performance of polyoxometalate acid salt gel electrolytes
Authors: Ai Limei , Wang Zeqing , He Fengwei , Wu Qingyin
Published: October 2018

Synthesis and conductive performance of two vanadium-substituted polyoxometalate acid salt gel electrolytes, [PyPS]3H4SiW9V3O40 and [PyPS]5H2SiW9V3O40, have been reported.
Thioether-functionalized trifluoromethyl-alkynes, 1,3-dienes and allenes: divergent synthesis from reaction of 2-trifluoromethyl-1,3-conjugated enynes with sulfur nucleophiles
Authors: Cheng Huayu , Zhou Xiaofan , Hu Anjing , Ding Shiteng , Wang Yimo , Xiao Yuanjing , Zhang Junliang
Published: October 2018

A divergent synthesis of thioether-functionalized trifluoromethyl-alkynes, 1,3-dienes and allenes viaregioselective nucleophilic addition of sulfur nucleophiles to 2-trifluoromethyl-1,3-conjugated enynes was developed.
A chair-type G-quadruplex structure formed by a human telomeric variant DNA in K+solution
Authors: Liu Changdong , Zhou Bo , Geng Yanyan , Yan Tam Dick , Feng Rui , Miao Haitao , Xu Naining , Shi Xiao , You Yingying , Hong Yuning , Tang Ben Zhong , Kwan Lo Pik , Kuryavyi Vitaly , Zhu Guang
Published: October 2018

The chair-type G-quadruplex structure formed by human telomeric variant DNA.
Self-assembly of a graphene oxide/MnFe2O4 motor by coupling shear force with capillarity for removal of toxic heavy metals
Authors: Peng Xiyue , Gao Feng , Zhao Jiaxin , Li Jielan , Qu Jiangying , Fan Hongbo
Published: October 2018

A 3D graphene oxide/MnFe2O4 motor is constructed via coupling shear force with capillarity at room temperature for removal of heavy metals.
Safety issues caused by internal short circuits in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Binghe , Jia Yikai , Li Juan , Yin Sha , Yuan Chunhao , Hu Zihan , Wang Lubing , Li Yangxing , Xu Jun
Published: October 2018

Outlines of the multiphysics behaviors upon penetration and the comparisons of experiment and simulation.
Research on the influence factors of real driving cycle with statistical analysis and dynamic time warping
Authors: Yu Shu , Lü Lin
Published: October 2018

The real driving cycle (RDC), which aims to reflect the real driving behaviour of vehicles, plays an important role in evaluating the performance or pollution of vehicles. At present, the related researches most focus on developing RDCs of different functions or regions, while the influence factors and the rules of RDC construction are not involved. In this study, through statistical analysis and theoretical analysis of RDC construction process, the influence factors of candidate RDC are explored. These factors include statistical characteristics, common factors number, cluster number, number selection principle, and order principle. A different value of factors means a different candidate RDC and different proximity of RDCs to the real driving data. Through the dynamic time warping index, the proximity of candidate RDCs is calculated, then the factors rules and the optimum RDC are obtained. When the slope is added as one statistical characteristic, the common factors number is set as 5, the cluster number is set as 6, the number selection principle is set as ratio principle, and order principle chooses positive sequence, the candidate RDC is the optimal cycle which is closest to the real vehicles driving conditions.
Unravelling the scientific potential of high resolution fishery data
Authors: Plet-Hansen Kristian Schreiber , Larsen Erling , Mortensen Lars Olof , Nielsen J. Rasmus , Ulrich Clara
Published: October 2018

Fisheries science and fisheries management advice rely on both scientific and commercial data to estimate the distribution and abundance of marine species. These two data types differ, with scientific data having a broader geographical coverage but less intensity and time coverage compared to commercial data. Here we present a new type of commercial data with high resolution and coverage. To our knowledge, the dataset presented in this study has never been used for scientific purposes. While commercial datasets usually include the total weight by species on per haul basis, the new data also include the commercial size class for the species landed, recorded directly on a haul-by-haul basis. Thus, this dataset has the potential to provide knowledge on landed fish with as high spatio-temporal resolution as when coupling logbooks and sales slips but with the addition of detailed knowledge on the size distribution. Such information may otherwise be obtained through on-board observer programmes but unlike the observers’ data, the dataset presented here is routinely collected on most of the trips of the vessels involved, which means that the coverage of the data for the individual vessel is larger than observers’ data. Furthermore, the risk of changes in fishing behaviour due to the presence of an observer on-board is avoided. This paper describes the coverage and completeness of the dataset, and explores the reliability of the data available. We conclude that the main limitation is the small number of fishing vessels covered by the program, but that the data from those vessels are accurate, detailed, and relatively reliable.
Schimmel im Outdoor-Bereich – klinisch bedeutsam?
Authors: Rabe U.
Published: October 2018

Alternaria alternata ist ein bedeutsames Inhalationsallergen. Bei ca. 6 % der in unserer Einrichtung betreuten Patienten mit einer Beschwerdesymptomatik an den oberen und unteren Atemwegen in den Sommermonaten fanden wir eine Sensibilisierung gegenüber diesem Allergen. Sehr häufig sind bei Kindern und Jugendlichen die Sporen für die Entwicklung oder Persistenz einer unspezifischen bronchialen Hyperreaktivität und zum Teil für therapierefraktären Reizhusten bzw. therapierefraktäres Asthma im Sommer verantwortlich. Wenn bei Graspollenallergikern die Beschwerden über Ende Juni hinaus persistieren, kann eine Allergie gegenüber Beifußpollen, aber auch eine Allergie gegenüber Alternariasporen ursächlich sein. Häufig bestehen Graspollen- und Alternariaallergie gleichzeitig. In den Sommermonaten treten des Öfteren gleichzeitig hohe Sporen- und hohe Pollenkonzentrationen auf. Um zu differenzieren, welches Allergen z. B. für schwerere allergische Reaktionen, vor allen Dingen für asthmatische Beschwerden verantwortlich ist, weisen wir auf die Notwendigkeit des Führens eines Symptomkalenders durch die Patienten hin. Insbesondere bei Doppel- oder Dreifach-Sensibilisierungen werden Therapieentscheidungen und -empfehlungen erleichtert. Informationen zu regionalen Pollen- und Alternariasporenbelastungen sollten zur Verfügung stehen (Stiftung Deutscher Polleninformationsdienst, Deutscher Wetterdienst). Wie hoch auch in Deutschland die Alternariasporenbelastung sein kann, zeigen die Auswertungen der regionalen Pollenfalle Treuenbrietzen. Bedeutsam sind Sporenfragmente von Alternaria alternata. Diese treten z. B. nach Gewittern auf und haben für die Auslösung von Asthmaexazerbationen eine hohe Relevanz. Vor dem Beginn einer SIT mit Alternaria alternata sollte die klinische Bedeutsamkeit der Sensibilisierung durch Schleimhautprovokationstests bewiesen werden.

Die Indikationsstellung für die Durchführung einer spezifischen Immuntherapie mit Alternaria alternata entspricht dem Vorgehen auch bei anderen Inhalationsallergien, insbesondere Pollenallergien. Entsprechende Empfehlungen sind in der aktuellen Leitlinie nachzulesen 1. Die Allergenextrakte von Alternaria alternata sind in der Anwendung und Verträglichkeit ebenso sicher wie die anderer Inhalationsallergene.
Papilläres Fibroelastom an Pulmonal- und Trikuspidalklappe bei asymptomatischen Patienten
Authors: Kavalerchyk Vladyslav , Staudt Alexander , Stoebe Stephan , Hagendorff Andreas , Wöhlke Michael
Published: October 2018

Anamnese Kasuistik 1: 72-jähriger kardio-pulmonal stabiler Patient mit Einweisung zur weiteren Abklärung einer unklaren Raumforderung an der Pulmonalklappe. Anamnestisch vorbeschrieben waren eine koronare Ein-Gefäßerkrankung und ein arterieller Hypertonus.

Kasuistik 2: 74-jährige Patientin mit eigeninitiierter Vorstellung bei erneuten pektanginösen Beschwerden bei vorbeschriebener koronarer Drei-Gefäßerkrankung.

Untersuchung und Diagnose Echokardiografisch konnte bei beiden Patienten eine suspekte Raumforderung an der Pulmonal- bzw. Trikuspidalklappe diagnostiziert werden. Bei Kasuistik 1 ergab die Koronarangiografie eine koronare 3-Gefäßerkrankung mit Indikation zur operativen Revaskularisation. Bei Kasuistik 2 eine subtotale Stenose der rechten Koronararterie (RCA) mit interventionellem Therapieansatz.

Therapie und Verlauf In beiden Fällen bestand der Verdacht auf einen gutartigen Tumor. Trotz des prinzipiell bestehenden Embolierisikos wurde bei Kasuistik 1 – aufgrund der notwendigen operativen Koronarrevaskularisation – eine operative Entfernung des Tumors empfohlen, wohingegen sich bei Kasuistik 2 – aufgrund der interventionellen Therapiemöglichkeit der RCA-Stenose – für ein konservatives Prozedere entschieden wurde.

Folgerungen Mithilfe der Echokardiografie können suspekte kardiale Raumforderungen detektiert werden, wobei die endgültige Diagnose nur histologisch gesichert werden kann. Das weitere Therapieregime sollte jeweils individuell festgelegt werden.
Editorial
Authors: Pazera Pawel
Published: October 2018

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,

Ich freue mich, Ihnen in der Herbstausgabe der IOK abwechslungsreiche Artikel aus der Kieferorthopädie mit nationalen und internationalen Autoren vorstellen zu dürfen:

Im ersten Beitrag berichtet Jan Danz über primäre kongenitale Retention von Zähnen und die Folgen für die kieferorthopädische Therapie. Er geht dabei auf die molekularen Grundlagen der Expression der PTH1-Rezeptor-Mutation mit autosomal dominanter Vererbung ein.
Verkürzte Therapiedauer bei bakteriellen Infektionen
Authors: Aurnhammer Felix , Först Gesche , Kern Winfried
Published: October 2018

Was ist neu?

Pyelonephritis Eine Therapiedauer von 7 Tagen ist bei Patienten mit Pyelonephritis nach neueren Studien sicher und in der Regel ausreichend – auch, wenn anstelle eines Fluorchinolons in der gezielten Behandlung Cotrimoxazol (bei nachgewiesener In-vitro-Aktivität) verwendet wird.

Bauchrauminfektionen Die Therapiedauer bei vielen intraabdominellen Infektionen kann bei entsprechenden Patienten postoperativ bzw. nach adäquater Drainage kurz sein. Vor allem bei Cholezystektomie braucht es in der Regel keine postoperative Antibiotikatherapie.

Gram-negative Bakteriämie/Sepsis Die Therapiedauer bei Gram-negativer Bakteriämie/Sepsis kann bei gutem Ansprechen individuell bis auf 7 Tage (ggf. bei z. B. erfolgter Herdsanierung/Drainage auch kürzer) verkürzt werden. Klinische Kriterien zur Therapiedauersteuerung reichen meist aus.

Ambulant erworbene Pneumonie Die Therapiedauer kann bei Patienten mit ambulant erworbener Pneumonie und gutem Ansprechen nach 3 – 5 Tagen entsprechend kurz sein.

Fieber (unklarer Ursache) und Neutropenie Daten aus einer randomisierten klinischen Studie und weitere Beobachtungen weisen darauf hin, dass bei Fieber unklarer Ursache im Falle von Ansprechen nach empirischer Antibiotikagabe Kurzzeittherapien auch bei Hochrisikopatienten mit Neutropenie adäquat sein können.
Interdisziplinäre Behandlung einer Klasse-III-Dysgnathie im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Cocconi Renato , Raffaini Mirco , Veneziani Marco
Published: October 2018

Der vorliegende Fallbericht zeigt die Therapie und das Behandlungsergebnis bei einer erwachsenen Patientin mit skelettaler Klasse-III-Dysgnathie. Die 29 Jahre alte Patientin wies eine skelettale Klasse III mit hypoplastischer Maxilla und prognather Mandibula, ein vertikales maxilläres Defizit und einen offenen Biss auf. Aufgrund vorhergehender Behandlungen mit unbefriedigenden Ergebnissen, der skelettalen Diskrepanz und hoher ästhetischer und kaufunktioneller Ansprüche der Patientin wurde eine interdisziplinäre Behandlung durchgeführt, welche Kieferorthopädie, orthognathe Chirurgie und restaurative Arbeiten einschloss.

This article shows therapy and treatment result of an adult patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion. The patient of 29 years of age showed a skeletal class III malocclusion due to a hypoplastic maxilla and a prognathic mandible, a vertical maxillary deficit and an open bite. As there had been other treatments before with unsatisfying results and due to the skeletal discrepancy and the high esthetic and functional expectations of the patient, an interdisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, orthognathic surgery and a restorative rehabilitation was chosen.
Hydrotherapie und Sauna bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen
Authors: Brenke Rainer
Published: October 2018

Sauna und Hydrotherapie werden in ihren Möglichkeiten bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen oft unterschätzt. Der Grund für ihre gute Wirksamkeit liegt aber in der Dominanz der Temperaturregulation gegenüber dem Blutkreislauf und anderer Organsysteme. Die Sauna und andere Verfahren der Hydrotherapie können eine effektive Zusatztherapie bei vielen Erkrankungen wie Hypertonus, Durchblutungsstörungen und zur Stress-Prophylaxe sein. Auch andere Risikofaktoren wie Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und Fettstoffwechselstörungen scheinen sich positiv beeinflussen zu lassen. Daher sollte man den hydrotherapeutischen Reizen als Zusatztherapie wieder vermehrt Aufmerksamkeit schenken.
Thyrotropin Receptor Blocking Antibodies
Authors: Diana Tanja , Olivo Paul , Kahaly George
Published: October 2018

Autoantibodies (Ab) against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) are frequently found in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Autoantibodies to the TSHR (anti-TSHR-Ab) may mimic or block the action of TSH or be functionally neutral. Measurement of anti-TSHR-Ab can be done either via competitive-binding immunoassays or with functional cell-based bioassays. Antibody-binding assays do not assess anti-TSHR-Ab functionality, but rather measure the concentration of total anti-TSHR binding activity. In contrast, functional cell-based bioassays indicate whether anti-TSHR-Ab have stimulatory or blocking activity. Historically bioassays for anti-TSHR-Ab were research tools and were used to study the pathophysiology of Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In the past, bioassays for anti-TSHR-Abs were laborious and time-consuming and varied widely in performance from laboratory to laboratory. Recent advances in the development of cell-based assays, including the application of molecular engineering, have led to significant improvements that have enabled bioassays to be employed routinely in clinical laboratories. The prevalence and functional significance of TSHR blocking autoantibodies (TBAb) in autoimmune hypothyroidism has been less well investigated compared to TSHR stimulating Ab. There is an increasing body of data, however, that demonstrate the clinical utility and relevance of TBAb, and thus the importance of TBAb bioassays, in the diagnosis and management of patients with AITD. In the present review, we summarize the different methods used to measure TBAb, and discuss their prevalence and clinical relevance.
¿Qué hacer ante un pT0 en cáncer de próstata? Revisión a propósito de un caso
Authors: España Barreiro Milena , Rodriguez Piraquive Miguel , Salgado Tovar Javier
Published: October 2018

Introducción y Objetivos El cáncer de próstata es la segunda causa de mortalidad por cáncer en hombres en Colombia y en el mundo. El efecto “vanishing” en cáncer de próstata, es un fenómeno poco frecuente que se define como la ausencia de tumor en el estudio histológico postquirúrgico de pacientes llevados a prostatectomía radical como manejo curativo diagnóstico previo confirmado por biopsia o RTUP. Su incidencia en diferentes series llega hasta el 0,86%, por lo cual existen pocos estudios aleatorizados al respecto y aún no es clara la conducta con ese tipo de tumores. Reportamos un caso de un paciente con cáncer de próstata pT0 y realizamos una revisión de la literatura respecto del seguimiento y manejo que se deberían seguir al enfrentarnos a ese tipo de tumor.

Métodos y Materiales Revisión de la literatura y reporte de caso clínico.

Reporte de Caso Hombre de 58 años sintomático urinario, con PSA elevado por lo que se realizó biopsia transrectal de próstata, con resultado de adenocarcinoma de próstata confirmado por inmunohistoquímica. Al realizarse la prostatectomía radical no se encuentra tumor en la patología. En la literatura se encuentran factores asociados con la presencia del tumor cuando hay RTUP previa y uso de hormonoterapia neoadyuvante en el contexto de tumores de bajo volumen. A pesar de no encontrarse tumor en la patología, está descrita la recaída bioquímica y progresión clínica de esos tumores, por lo que debe realizarse el seguimiento usual para esa patología.

Conclusiones El hallazgo de pT0 en cáncer de próstata, aunque poco frecuente, demanda una guía de manejo Proponemos la revisión de la patología con el protocolo descrito para reducir los falsos positivos y el seguimiento usual con los pasos estandarizados en las guías internacionales.
Musikerdystonien
Authors: Lee A. , Jabusch H.-C. , Altenmüller E.
Published: October 2018

Musizieren auf professionellem Niveau ist eine der komplexesten menschlichen Leistungen. Extrem schnelle und komplexe, zeitlichräumlich präzis definierte Bewegungsmuster müssen mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit gelernt, gespeichert und abgerufen werden, um die Erwartungen der Zuhörer zu erfüllen. Um diese Fähigkeiten zu erwerben, müssen Musiker über viele Jahre hinweg intensiv üben. Steigende Arbeitsbelastung am Instrument kann zu maladaptiver Plastizität des Zentralnervensystems führen und motorische Störungen, wie z. B. die Musikerdystonie auslösen. Die Musikerdystonie ist durch den permanenten Verlust der Kontrolle hoch präziser Bewegungen beim Spielen eines Musikinstruments gekennzeichnet. Sie betrifft etwa 1–2% der Berufsmusiker. Pathophysiologisch liegen gestörte Inhibition und sensomotorische Integration, möglicherweise auf dem Boden einer genetischen Veranlagung vor. Als „dynamisches Stereotyp” wird eine zunächst vorübergehende Verschlechterung der Feinmotorik bezeichnet, die häufig durch psychologische Stressoren oder Müdigkeit ausgelöst wird und als Vorform der Dystonie betrachtet werden kann.

Die Behandlung der motorischen Störungen bei Musikern umfassen ergonomische Anpassungen, Anticholinergika, Retraining, und lokale Injektionen mit Botulinumtoxin. Präventionsstrategien in der Ausbildung junger Berufsmusiker sollten auf ein gesundes Arbeitsverhalten, Selbstmanagement, und psychologisch unterstützenden Unterricht ausgerichtet sein.
Acquired and Genetic Thrombotic Risk Factors in the Athlete
Authors: Adams Murray , Kitic Cecilia , Wu Sam , Fell James , Zadow Emma
Published: October 2018

While athletes are often considered the epitome of health due to their physique and lowered potential for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, they may also be at risk for the onset and development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In an attempt to achieve and remain competitive, athletes are frequently exposed to numerous athlete-specific risk factors, which may predispose them to VTE through the disruption of factors associated with Virchow's triad (i.e., hypercoagulability, venous stasis, and vessel wall injury). Indeed, hypercoagulability within an athletic population has been well documented to occur due to a combination of multiple factors including exercise, dehydration, and polycythemia. Furthermore, venous stasis within an athletic population may occur as a direct result of prolonged periods of immobilization experienced when undertaking long-distance travels for training and competition, recovery from injury, and overdevelopment of musculature. While all components of Virchow's triad are disrupted, injury to the vessel wall has emerged as the most important factor contributing to thrombosis formation within an athletic population, due to its ability to influence multiple hemostatic mechanisms. Vessel wall injury within an athletic population is often related to repetitive microtrauma to the venous and arterial walls as a direct result of sport-dependent trauma, in addition to high metabolic rates and repetitive blood monitoring. Although disturbances to Virchow's triad may not be detrimental to most individuals, approximately 1 in 1,000 athletes will experience a potentially fatal post-exercise thrombotic incidence. When acquired factors are considered in conjunction with genetic predispositions to hypercoagulability present in some athletes, an overall increased risk for VTE is present.
Perspective: Organic electronic materials and devices for neuromorphic engineering
Authors: Pecqueur Sébastien , Vuillaume Dominique , Alibart Fabien
Published: October 2018

Neuromorphic computing and engineering has been the focus of intense research efforts that have been intensified recently by the mutation of Information and Communication Technologies. In fact, new computing solutions and new hardware platforms are expected to emerge to answer to the new needs and challenges of our societies. In this revolution, lots of candidates’ technologies are explored and will require leveraging of the pros and cons. In this perspective paper belonging to the special issue on neuromorphic engineering of Journal of Applied Physics, we focus on the current achievements in the field of organic electronics and the potentialities and specificities of this research field. We highlight how unique material features available through organic materials can be used to engineer useful and promising bio-inspired devices and circuits. We also discuss the opportunities that organic electronics offer for future research directions in the neuromorphic engineering field.
Non-symmetrized quantum noise in a Kondo quantum dot
Authors: Crépieux A. , Sahoo S. , Duong T. Q. , Zamoum R. , Lavagna M.
Published: October 2018

The fluctuations of electrical current provide information on the dynamics of electrons in quantum devices. Understanding the nature of these fluctuations in a quantum dot is thus a crucial step insofar as this system is the elementary brick of quantum circuits. In this context, we develop a theory for calculating the quantum noise at finite frequency in a quantum dot connected to two reservoirs in the presence of interactions and for any symmetry of the couplings to the reservoirs. This theory is developed in the framework of the Keldysh non-equilibrium Green function technique. We establish an analytical expression for the quantum noise in terms of the various transmission amplitudes between the reservoirs and of some effective transmission coefficient which we define. We then study the noise as a function of the dot energy level and the bias voltage. The effects of both Coulomb interactions in the dot and asymmetric couplings with the reservoirs are characterized.
The rotational spectrum and potential energy surface of the Ar–SiO complex
Authors: McCarthy Michael C. , Ndengué Steve Alexandre , Dawes Richard
Published: October 2018

The rotational spectra of five isotopic species of the Ar–SiO complex have been observed at high-spectral resolution between 8 and 18 GHz using chirped Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy and a discharge nozzle source; follow-up cavity measurements have extended these measurements to as high as 35 GHz. The spectrum of the normal species is dominated by an intense progression of a-type rotational transitions arising from increasing quanta in the Si–O stretch, in which lines up to v = 12 (∼14 500 cm−1) were identified. A structural determination by isotopic substitution and a hyperfine analysis of the Ar–Si17O spectrum both suggest that the complex is a highly fluxional prolate symmetric rotor with a vibrationally averaged structure between T-shaped and collinear in which the oxygen atom lies closer to argon than the silicon atom, much like Ar–CO. To complement the experimental studies, a full dimensional potential and a series of effective vibrationally averaged, two-dimensional potential energy surfaces of Ar + SiO have been computed at the CCSD(T)-F12b/CBS level of theory. The equilibrium structure of Ar–SiO is predicted to be T-shaped with a well depth of 152 cm−1, but the linear geometry is also a minimum, and the potential energy surface has a long, flat channel between 140 and 180°. Because the barrier between the two wells is calculated to be small (of order 5 cm−1) and well below the zero-point energy, the vibrationally averaged wavefunction is delocalized over nearly 100° of angular freedom. For this reason, Ar–SiO should exhibit large amplitude zero-point motion, in which the vibrationally excited states can be viewed as resonances with long lifetimes. Calculations of the rovibrational level pattern agree to within 2% with the transition frequencies of normal and isotopic ground state Ar–SiO, and the putative Ka = ±1 levels for Ar–28SiO, suggesting that the present theoretical treatment well reproduces the salient properties of the intramolecular potential.
Magneto-transport and weak anti-localization in ferromagnetic semiconductor CrSiTe3 single crystal
Authors: Zhang Zongteng , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Zhidong
Published: October 2018

The temperature dependence of resistance of CrSiTe3 single crystals shows a cusp below the Cure temperature, which may be attributed to the disappearance of electron scattering on magnetic fluctuation. The magneto-conductance of CrSiTe3 was measured at temperatures ranging from 50 K to 30 K over the magnetic field range of 0–5 T. Magneto-transport measurements demonstrate that the low-field negative magneto-conductivity results from the weak anti-localization (WAL). The WAL effect was analyzed based on the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) two-dimensional (2D) diffusive transport theory and the HLN equation could well fit the magneto-conductivity data.
Nascent O2 (a 1Δg, v = 0, 1) rotational distributions from the photodissociation of jet-cooled O3 in the Hartley band
Authors: Warter Michelle L. , Gunthardt Carolyn E. , Wei Wei , McBane George C. , North Simon W.
Published: October 2018

We report rotational distributions for the O2 (a 1Δg) fragment from the photodissociation of jet-cooled O3 at 248, 266, and 282 nm. The rotational distributions show a population alternation that favors the even states, as previously reported for a 300 K sample by Valentini et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 86, 6745 (1987)]. The alternation from the jet-cooled precursor is much stronger than that observed by Valentini et al. and in contrast to their observations does not depend strongly on the O2 (a 1Δg) vibrational state or photolysis wavelength. The odd/even alternation diminishes substantially when the ozone beam temperature is increased from 60 to 200 K, confirming its dependence on parent internal energy. The magnitude of the even/odd alternation in product rotational states from the cold ozone sample, its temperature dependence, and other experimental and theoretical evidence reported since 1987 suggest that the alternation originates from a Λ-doublet propensity and not from a mass independent curve crossing effect, as previously proposed.
Dynamics of elliptic particle sedimentation with thermal convection
Authors: Walayat Khuram , Zhang Zhilang , Usman Kamran , Chang Jianzhong , Liu Moubin
Published: October 2018

In this paper, a recently developed direct numerical simulation technique, the Finite Element Fictitious Boundary Method (FEM-FBM) [K. Walayat et al., “An efficient multi-grid finite element fictitious boundary method for particulate flows with thermal convection,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 126, 452–465 (2018)], is used to simulate sedimentation of an elliptic particle with thermal convection. The momentum and temperature flow fields are coupled with the aid of Boussinesq approximation. The thermal and momentum interactions between solid and fluid phases are handled by using the fictitious boundary method (FBM). The continuity, momentum, and energy equations are solved on a fixed Eulerian mesh which is independent of flow features by using a multi-grid finite element scheme. Two validation tests are conducted to show the accuracy of the present method, and then the effects of thermal properties of fluid on the sedimentation of an elliptic particle are studied. It is demonstrated that the dynamics of hot elliptic particle sedimentation depend on the thermal diffusivity and thermal expansion of the fluid. A comparative study of the forces and torque acting on the hot, cold, and isothermal particle is reported. Moreover, different sedimentation modes of hot and cold elliptic particles are identified in an infinitely long channel. The mechanism of transitions of particle settling modes from tumbling to inclined and then to the horizontal mode is discovered. Also, we discovered a new sedimentation mode of the hot elliptic particle in cold fluid, i.e., the vertical mode. Furthermore, buoyancy effects for the catalyst particle are studied at different initial orientations.