bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Development of Graphical Literacy through Knowledge Building
Authors: Gan Yongcheng , Scardamalia Marlene , Hong Huang-Yao , Zhang Jianwei
Published: October 2016

This study examined growth in graphical literacy for students contributing to an online, multimedia, communal environment as they advanced their understanding of biology, history and optics. Their science and history studies started early in Grade 3 and continued to the end of Grade 4; students did not receive instruction in graphics production, nor were they required to produce graphics. Results show that students spontaneously produced graphics that advanced along seven dimensions, including effective representation of complex ideas, use of source information and captions, and aesthetic quality. On average, the scores for the seven dimensions were higher for Grade 4 students with two years of experience with Knowledge Building pedagogy and technology (Knowledge Forum®) than for Grade 6 students with one year of experience. The overall pattern of results suggests reciprocal enhancement of graphical, textual, digital, and scientific literacy, with students exceeding expectations by available norms, and performance enhanced through extended Knowledge Building experience.
Designing and Implementing Performance Technology for Teachers
Authors: Moore Joi L.
Published: October 2016

This paper synthesizes research findings from a performance analysis of teacher tasks and the implementation of performance technology. These findings are aligned with design and implementation theories to provide understanding of the complex factors and events that occur during the implementation process. The article describes the necessary elements and conditions for designing and implementing performance tools in school environments that will encourage usage, efficient performance, and positive attitudes. Two models provide a visual representation of causal relationships between the implementation factors and the technology user. Although the implementation process can become complex because of the simultaneous events and phases, it can be properly managed through good communication and strategic involvement of teachers during the design and development process. The models may be able to assist technology designers and advocates with presenting innovations to teachers who are frequently asked to try technical solutions for performance support or improvement.
Patterns d’interactions écrites asynchrones entre des classes branchées en réseau
Authors: Allaire Stéphane , Laferrière Thérèse
Published: October 2016

Résumé : L’étude s’inscrit dans le contexte de l’initiative québécoise de l’École éloignée en réseau (l’ÉÉR) visant à enrichir la qualité de l’environnement d’apprentissage des petites écoles rurales. L’étude s’intéresse de façon spécifique aux interactions asynchrones qui surviennent entre des classes distantes géographiquement par le biais d’un forum électronique de coélaboration de connaissances (le Knowledge Forum®). Nous nous sommes penchés sur le cas spécifique d’une commission scolaire en documentant la façon dont les interactions qui ont eu lieu entre les élèves de ses écoles impliquées dans l’initiative se sont orchestrées sur une période de deux années scolaires. Pour ce faire, nous avons principalement utilisé des analyses quantitatives descriptives. Les résultats démontrent la viabilité du modèle de mise en réseau pour faire interagir des élèves de classes différentes de sorte qu’ils puissent bénéficier d’un plus large bassin d’idées. Ils révèlent aussi que la collaboration en réseau s’organise autour de différents niveaux de complexité et que cette dernière varie selon les temps de l’année scolaire. Abstract:This study was conducted in the context of the Remote Networked Schools (RNS) initiative that aims at enriching Quebec’s rural schools learning environment. Specifically, the researchers studied how geographically distant classrooms interacted on Knowledge Forum®, a web-based collaborative space. The particular case of a school board was studied by documenting how school learners interacted asynchronously over a two year period. Descriptive quantitative analyses were applied. Results show the viability of the RNS model for student to student interaction in a way as to increase the idea pool. Results also reveal that network collaboration self-organizes at different levels of complexity, ones that vary according to the school-year schedule.
Describing and Enhancing Collaboration at the Computer
Authors: Beatty Ken
Published: October 2016

Computer-based learning materials differ from classroom practice in that they seldom explicitly offer opportunities for collaboration. Despite this, students do collaborate, helping one another through the content and affordances of computer materials. But, in doing so, students meet with challenges. Paradoxically, these challenges can either inspire or discourage learning and second-language acquisition. This paper, based on research with twenty Hong Kong university students in a controlled experiment, evaluates challenges to collaboration at the computer as evidenced by discourse. The students were videotaped and their discourse transcribed and evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively, according to a set of discourse markers created to describe collaborative, non-collaborative and ambiguous strategies. The paper begins by exploring the differences between collaboration and similar terms such as teamwork and cooperative learning then goes on to define collaboration in the context of computer-assisted learning. It ends by presenting practical suggestions for software designers, teachers and students to enhance collaboration at the computer.
Synthèse critique des connaissances sur l'écriture électronique à l'aide du blogue au primaire et au secondaire
Authors: Allaire Stéphane , Thériault Pascale , Lalancette Evelyne
Published: October 2016

This article offers a critical synthesis of the knowledge obtained in the wake of the work of the Comite d’experts sur l’apprentissage de l’écriture (Committee of experts on learning to write), which published a report entitled, « Mieux soutenir le développement de la compétence à écrire » (Better Support for the Development of Writing Skills) in January 2008. The synthesis focused on scientific texts that deal with the practice of electronic blog writing in elementary and high school classrooms. The period covered extends from January 2004 to May 2010. Results indicate that a blog’s contexts of use can favour students’ motivation to write, add authenticity to the writing process, and lead students to produce numerous texts. The qualitative aspect of these texts, however, has been little discussed until now. In light of the compiled texts, conceptual and methodological considerations are also proposed as potential avenues for future research.
Learning Analytics: Readiness and Rewards / L’analyse de l’apprentissage : état de préparation et récompenses
Authors: Friesen Norm
Published: October 2016

This paper introduces the relatively new field of learning analytics, first by considering the relevant meanings of both “learning” and “analytics,” and then by looking at two main levels at which learning analytics can be or has been implemented in educational organizations. Although turnkey systems or modules are not yet available for review, specific technologies for analyzing online student activities have been implemented and piloted. As a result, this paper recommends an incremental approach to institutional preparedness. Ce rapport présente le domaine relativement nouveau de l’analyse de l’apprentissage en considérant d’abord la pertinence des deux termes “apprentissage” et “analyse”, puis en examinant les deux principaux niveaux auxquels l’analyse de l’apprentissage peut être ou a été mise en œuvre dans les organisations éducatives. Bien que des systèmes ou des modules « clés en main » intégrés ne puissent pas encore être examinés, des technologies spécifiques pour analyser les activités en ligne des étudiants ont été mises en place et testées. En conséquence, cet essai conseille en conclusion une approche progressive de préparation institutionnelle.
Teaching and learning about community development online: Insights and lessons learned
Authors: Kulig Judith , Krupa Eugene , Nowatzki Nadine
Published: October 2016

This paper discusses the development, delivery, and evaluation of a successful graduate course in community development offered to students across Canada via the Internet. The review of literature points to common themes in distance education, community development and health promotion. The course, "Health Promotion: Community Development Approaches", is presented as a case example with descriptions of the curriculum, delivery methods, learning resources, activities and recommendations for future offerings of the course and for distance education in general. Although web-based distance education is challenging and requires instructors and learners to adapt, it can be an effective way to learn about concepts, and model the principles and ideology that are at the core of community development. Résumé : Le présent article aborde l’élaboration, la prestation et l’évaluation d’un cours de niveau supérieur traitant du développement communautaire offert aux étudiants de l’ensemble du Canada par Internet. L’examen de la documentation souligne les sujets communs dans l’éducation à distance, le développement communautaire et la promotion de la santé. Le cours « Health Promotion: Community Development Approaches » est présenté à titre d’exemple avec les descriptions du plan de cours, des modes de prestation, des ressources d’apprentissage, des activités et des recommandations pour les cours qui seront donnés ultérieurement et pour l’éducation à distance en général. Bien que l’éducation à distance effectuée au moyen du Web présente des défis et qu’elle exige des instructeurs et des apprenants qu’ils s’adaptent, il peut s’agir d’une méthode efficace pour en apprendre sur les concepts et pour présenter les principes et idées à la base du développement communautaire.
Co-Teaching an Online Action Research Class / Co-enseignement et classe de recherche-action en ligne
Authors: Wilson Brent G , VanBerschot Jennifer Linder
Published: October 2016

Two instructors report our experience co-teaching an action research (AR) required as part of an e-learning master’s degree. Adopting a practice-centered stance we focus on the course activities of participants (instructors and students), with particular attention to the careful crafting of course elements with the goal of achieving an excellent learning experience for students. The case narrative describes the course and ways in which we have modified the course based on a variety of considerations. We also outline problems and areas still in need of improvement. We reflect on the role of theory in our own pursuit of excellence, and the role of theory in our students’ inquiry processes. We find that theory is just another tool or resource to apply to the work, with the core concerns being the needs of students and the learning environment. Deux enseignants font le rapport de leur expérience de co-enseignement d’un projet de recherche-action requis pour un cours de formation en ligne au niveau de la maîtrise. À l’aide d’une approche axée sur la pratique, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les activités de cours des participants (enseignants et étudiants), avec une attention particulière pour l’élaboration minutieuse d’éléments de cours. Il s’agissait finalement de créer une expérience d’apprentissage enrichissante pour les étudiants. L’exposé décrit le cours et les façons par lesquelles nous avons modifié le cours à partir de considérations diverses. Nous donnons également un aperçu des problèmes et secteurs nécessitant des améliorations. Nous nous sommes penchés sur le rôle de la théorie dans notre propre quête d’excellence et dans le processus d’enquête de nos étudiants. Nous concluons que la théorie n’est qu’un outil ou une ressource s’appliquant au travail et qu’il faut davantage se préoccuper des besoins des étudiants et de l’environnement d’apprentissage.
Participation in Knowledge-Building Discourse: An Analysis of Online Discussions in Mainstream and Honours Social Studies Courses
Authors: Niu Hui , Van Aalst Jan
Published: October 2016

Questions about the suitability of cognitively-oriented instructional approaches for students of different academic levels are frequently raised by teachers and researchers. This study examined student participation in knowledge-building discourse in two implementations of a short inquiry unit focusing on environmental problems. Participants in each implementation consisted of students taking a mainstream or an honours version of a tenth grade social studies course. We retrieved data about students’ actions in Knowledge Forum® (e.g., the number of notes created and the percentage of notes with links), and conducted a content analysis of the discourse by each collaborative group. We suggest the findings provide cause for optimism about the use of knowledge-building discourse across academic levels: there was moderate to strong evidence of knowledge building in both classes by Implementation 2. We end with suggestions for focusing online work more directly on knowledge building. Résumé Les enseignants et les chercheurs soulèvent fréquemment des questions quant au caractère approprié des approches pédagogiques cognitives pour les élèves de différents niveaux scolaires. La présente étude a examiné la participation des étudiants à la coélaboration des connaissances lors de la formation, à deux reprises, d’une unité d’enquête de courte durée axée sur les problèmes environnementaux. Pour chacun des deux essais, les participants étaient des élèves qui suivaient un programme d’études de dixième année, soit général, soit spécialisé en sciences sociales. Nous avons récupéré des données sur les actions des élèves dans le Knowledge Forum (par exemple, le nombre de notes créées et le pourcentage de notes avec des liens) et nous avons analysé le contenu du discours de chaque groupe de collaboration. Nous pensons que les résultats incitent à l’optimisme et qu’il est possible de parler de coélaboration des connaissances entre les niveaux scolaires : des données probantes moyennement rigoureuses ou rigoureuses montrant la coélaboration des connaissances ont été obtenues dans les deux classes lors du deuxième essai. Nous concluons avec des suggestions pour orienter plus directement les travaux en ligne sur la coélaboration de connaissances.
Mathematics, Science, and Technology in Secondary Schools: Do Gender and Region Make a Difference?
Authors: Li Qing
Published: October 2016

This study examines possible interaction effects of gender and region (urban vs. rural) on student beliefs about women in math and science, their attitudes towards math and science, and their confidence in the use of technology. A secondary purpose of this study is to examine possible differences in confidence of using technology between high school students who consider math-related or science-related careers and those who do not. The data collected from an anonymous survey of 450 secondary students were analyzed. The results showed interaction effects of gender and region on student beliefs and attitudes. First, the gender differences in students’ beliefs about women in math and science changes significantly depending on the location of the school. Second, when region was considered, significant effects on students’ choice of mathematics- and science-related careers were identified. Urban students, regardless of their gender, were more likely to consider careers related requiring knowledge of science or mathematics than rural students. Résumé : Cette étude examine les effets d’interaction possibles du genre et de la région (la ville ou la banlieue) sur les croyances des étudiants à propos des femmes dans le domaine des mathématiques et des sciences, leurs attitudes envers les mathématiques et les sciences et leur confiance en l’utilisation de la technologie. Un objet secondaire de cette étude consiste à examiner les différences possibles en la confiance en l’utilisation des technologies entre les étudiants du secondaire qui envisagent des carrières dans le domaine des mathématiques ou des sciences et entre les étudiants pour qui ce n’est pas le cas. Nous avons analysé les données recueillies dans le cadre d’un sondage anonyme effectué auprès de 450 étudiants du secondaire. Les résultats ont indiqué des effets d’interaction du genre et de la région sur les croyances et les attitudes des étudiants. Tout d’abord, les différences de genre chez les croyances des étudiants relatives aux femmes en mathématiques et en sciences changent grandement selon l’emplacement de l’école. Ensuite, lorsqu’on tient compte de la région, nous avons observé des effets importants sur le choix par les étudiants de carrière en mathématiques ou en sciences. Les étudiants des villes, peu importe leur genre, envisagent plus souvent des carrières dans les domaines des sciences ou des mathématiques que les étudiants des banlieues.
Partnerships for Knowledge Building: An Emerging Model
Authors: Laferrière Thérèse , Montane Mireia , Gros Begona , Alvarez Isabel , Bernaus Merce , Breuleux Alain , Allaire Stéphane , Hamel Christine , Lamon Mary
Published: October 2016

Knowledge Building is approached in this study from an organizational perspective, with a focus on the nature of school-university-government partnerships to support research-based educational innovation. The paper starts with an overview of what is known about effective partnerships and elaborates a conceptual framework for Knowledge Building partnerships based on a review of literature and two case studies of school-university-government partnerships. In one case, a Ministry of Education wanted to bring more vitality into schools of small remote villages, and in the other case another Ministry of Education wanted to renew its school-based international cooperation profile. Emerging from this work is a three-component model for going to scale with Knowledge Building partnerships: Knowledge Building as a shared vision; symmetric knowledge advancement; and multi-level, research-based innovation. Characteristics of, and conditions for, effective partnerships for Knowledge Building are elaborated, and an emerging model is developed to help communities establish effective partnerships and contribute to this evolving model.
Investigating teachers’ exploration of a professional development website: An innovative approach to understanding the factors that motivate teachers to use Internet-based resources / Investigation de l’exploration par les enseignants d’un site Web
Authors: Beach Pamela , Willows Dale
Published: October 2016

This qualitative study examined an innovative methodology, combining screen capture technology and a retrospective think aloud, for exploring the use of Internet-based resources by elementary teachers. Pre-service and in-service teachers explored The Balanced Literacy Diet, a free, interactive, and evidenced-informed professional development website. As participants navigated through this complex site, each visual step was captured using Camtasia Studio, a screen recording computer software program developed by TechSmith. Immediately following their 10-minute exploration, participants revisited their online choices virtually and verbalized their thoughts while viewing their screen recording. Qualitative analysis confirmed the usefulness of the methodology and provided insights about the factors that motivate teachers to use professional development websites. Results of the analysis can contribute to the ongoing development of high quality online learning environments. Cette étude qualitative s’est penchée sur une méthodologie innovatrice combinant les technologies de saisie d’écran et la pensée rétrospective à voix haute pour l’exploration de l’utilisation des ressources dans Internet par les enseignants de l’élémentaire. Des enseignants en formation initiale et des enseignants sur place ont exploré The Balanced Literacy Diet, un site Web de perfectionnement professionnel gratuit, interactif et s’appuyant sur des données probantes. Tandis que les participants naviguaient dans ce site complexe, chaque étape visuelle était captée à l’aide de Camtasia Studio, un logiciel d’enregistrement de l’écran développé par TechSmith. Immédiatement après leur exploration de 10 minutes, les participants ont revisité virtuellement leurs choix en ligne et ont verbalisé leurs réflexions en regardant l’enregistrement de l’écran. L’analyse qualitative a confirmé l’utilité de la méthodologie et a fourni des perspectives sur les facteurs qui motivent les enseignants à utiliser les sites Web de perfectionnement professionnel. Les résultats de l’analyse peuvent contribuer au développement continu d’environnements d’apprentissage en ligne de grande qualité.
The effectiveness of web-delivered learning with aboriginal students: Findings from a study in coastal Labrador
Authors: Philpott David , Sharpe Dennis , Neville Rose
Published: October 2016

This paper outlines the findings of a study that explores perspectives of e-learning for aboriginal students in five coastal communities in Labrador, Canada. The rural nature of many communities in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, coupled with a dramatically declining enrollment, has resulted in expanding use of e-learning as a means to provide quality high school curriculum. Recently, a Community University Research Alliance partnered with stakeholders to explore the success of e-learning in the province. Through one of the projects of this alliance, the authors examined the success of this mode of delivery for aboriginal students from the perspective of the students themselves, as well as the perspective of parents and educators. Additionally, student performance was examined in comparison to provincial peers. A wealth of data emerged which affords insights into factors that support and hinder e-learning in coastal areas and also informs educators about the diverse learning characteristics and needs of aboriginal students. As Canadian educators are increasingly challenged to address achievement issues that continue to characterize aboriginal populations, this study offers important data on the viability of e-learning as a mode of curriculum delivery. Résumé : Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude qui explore les perspectives de l’apprentissage en ligne pour les élèves autochtones dans cinq collectivités côtières du Labrador, Canada. Le caractère rural d’un grand nombre de collectivités de la province de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador, jumelé à une baisse spectaculaire de la scolarisation, a mené à une utilisation accrue de l’apprentissage en ligne comme solution permettant d’assurer un curriculum de qualité au secondaire. Récemment, une alliance de recherche université-communauté a travaillé de pair avec les intervenants afin d’étudier les résultats de l’apprentissage en ligne dans la province. Grâce à l’un des projets de cette alliance, les auteurs ont examiné le succès de ce mode de prestation auprès d’élèves autochtones du point de vue des élèves eux-mêmes, ainsi que du point de vue de leurs parents et de leurs éducateurs. En outre, le rendement des élèves a été comparé à celui de leurs pairs au niveau de la province. Une foule de données en sont ressorties, ce qui permet de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui favorisent et qui entravent l’apprentissage en ligne dans les zones côtières; ces données informent également les éducateurs sur la diversité des caractéristiques et des besoins d’apprentissage des élèves autochtones. Les éducateurs canadiens sont de plus en plus mis au défi de trouver un moyen de surmonter les problèmes de réussite scolaire qui continuent de caractériser les populations autochtones, et cette étude leur fournit des données importantes sur la viabilité de l’apprentissage en ligne comme mode de prestation du curriculum.
Weaving a Personal Web: Using online technologies to create customized, connected, and dynamic learning environments
Authors: McElvaney Jessica , Berge Zane
Published: October 2016

This paper explores how personal web technologies (PWTs) can be used by learners and the relationship between PWTs and connectivist learning principles. Descriptions and applications of several technologies including social bookmarking tools, personal publishing platforms, and aggregators are also included. With these tools, individuals can create and manage personal learning environments (PLEs) and personal learning networks (PLNs), which have the potential to become powerful resources for academic, professional, and personal development. Résumé : Cet article explore les diverses façons dont les technologies Web personnelles peuvent être utilisées par les apprenants, ainsi que la relation entre ces technologies et les principes d’apprentissage connectivistes. Y sont également présentées les descriptions et les applications de plusieurs technologies, y compris les outils sociaux de mise en signet, les plateformes de publication personnelles et les agrégateurs. Ainsi outillées, les personnes peuvent créer et gérer des environnements d’apprentissage personnels (EAP) et des réseaux d’apprentissage personnels (RAP) qui recèlent le potentiel de devenir de puissantes ressources de perfectionnement sur les plans universitaire, professionnel et personnel.
Identifying and Measuring Ill-Structured Problem Formulation and Resolution in Online Asynchronous Discussions
Authors: Murphy Elizabeth
Published: October 2016

Abstract: This paper reports on a study involving the development and application of an instrument to identify and measure ill-structured problem formulation and resolution (PFR) in online asynchronous discussions (OADs). The instrument was developed by first determining PFR processes relevant to ill-structured problems in professional practice. The processes were derived from a conceptual framework. Further refinement of the instrument was achieved by the addition of indicators of processes. These indicators are derived through application of the instrument to an actual discussion in which the processes are operationalized. Results of the application of the instrument indicated that participants engaged more in problem resolution than in problem formulation. The instrument can be further developed and refined through its application in other contexts by researchers or practitioners interested in the design and use of OADs.
Buying time with THRIVE
Authors: Lion Peter , Hodge Elizabeth , Myatt John G , Sandhu Guri
Published: October 2016

We present the case of a 44‐year‐old male who was referred to our specialist benign airway disease service with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita causing supraglottic stenosis. He had previously had an attempted microlaryngoscopy at another institution, however this had been aborted due to failure to visualise the airway. Using Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) as a pre‐ and post‐induction oxygenation (and partial ventilation) tool to increase the apnoeic window, we were able to safely obtain a patent airway and treat the patient's disease. We suggest that THRIVE can be used in high risk airway patients to increase apnoeic windows in order to extend the time that may be needed to obtain a safe airway.
Guillain‐Barré syndrome in pregnancy with delivery by caesarean section
Authors: Collin Robin Ian Windus
Published: October 2016

The combination of Guillain‐Barré (GBS) syndrome and pregnancy is extremely rare, with only one previous report of anaesthetic management using a combined spinal/epidural (CSE) anaesthetic. I present the case of a 36 year old female scheduled for elective caesarean section who received a CSE.

Concerns with the use of regional anaesthesia in such cases are discussed together with developments in management and a review of the literature.
Pseudohypotension in the operating theatre ‐ a false alarm due to subclavian artery stenosis
Authors: Pillay Nanthini , Quek KH
Published: October 2016

We present a case of pseudohypotension in a patient with undiagnosed left subclavian artery stenosis who underwent emergency surgery. The patient was misdiagnosed as being hypotensive intra‐operatively because the blood pressure was measured non‐invasively on the affected arm. He was thought to have local anaesthetic systemic toxicity and subjected to the inconvenience, cost and possible adverse effects of inappropriate treatment. This case highlights the fact that vascular surgical patients may have subclavian artery stenosis which is usually asymptomatic. Pseudohypotension can be avoided if blood pressure is measured in both arms in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
Peri‐operative systemic inflammation and intractable shock in a patient with Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Flavin Kate , Gunning Paul
Published: October 2016

Ewing's sarcoma is the second most frequently occurring primary bone malignancy, with a preponderance in children, adolescents and young adults. Overall five‐year survival is 60%. Treatment includes chemotherapy, surgical resection, limb salvage or amputation, and radiotherapy. Surgical complications most often result from haemorrhage or infection. We present a case of profound peri‐operative systemic inflammation and intractable shock that occurred during femoral diaphyseal replacement in a 41‐year‐old male. This phenomenon is previously unreported and serves as a cautionary note to anaesthetists.
Taking the sting out of CRPS: bee venom to treat complex regional pain syndrome
Authors: Brown Zarah , Archer Matt , Domos Peter , White Andrew
Published: October 2016

We describe the case of a 48‐year‐old right hand dominant male engineer diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome 4 months following surgical repair of a distal biceps tendon rupture. He reported significant improvement in CRPS symptoms following an accidental bee sting and sought deliberate bee venom (apitoxin) inoculation to the affected limb. A single report in the literature describes the use of bee venom to treat CRPS in a human. The components of apitoxin include adolapin, melittin, apamin, phospholipase A2, histamine and protease inhibitors. Melittin and apamin have roles in synaptic transmission modulation and cell lysis. Adolapin inhibits cyclooxygenase and has analgesic, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐pyretic effects. Further research is required into the components of apitoxin as a potential treatment for CRPS.
Trayectoria de misil balístico intercontinental como trayectoria de vuelo propuesta para una aeronave de turismo espacial tipo SPACE-SHIP-ONE
Authors: Pinzón Velasco Wilson
Published: October 2016

El presente documento contiene una reflexión preliminar sobre las particularidades de una trayectoria de vuelo de un misil balístico intercontinental con el fin de ajustar su estrategia de cálculo hacia el “diseño de una trayectoria de vuelo” para una aeronave de turismo espacial, aportando finalmente datos sobre la velocidad en la trayectoria de ascenso y descenso requeridas para el diseño aerodinámico posterior del mencionado vehículo.
Síntesis booleana con programación genética paralela en CPU y GPU
Authors: Pedraza Cesar , Oyaga Jaime , Gómez Ricardo
Published: October 2016

La síntesis booleana o combinacional es un proceso mediante el cual se optimiza una red de puertas lógicas, con el fin de reducir su consumo, minimizar costos, minimizar área y aumentar el rendimiento a la hora de ser implementada. Por otra parte la programación genética es una alternativa importante para generar estructuras de hardware interesantes y eficientes. Se ha demostrado que los algoritmos evolutivos (AE) tienen mejor rendimiento si se implementan en sistemas paralelos. Este artículo presenta la implementación de un algoritmo genético paralelo (PGP) para realizar síntesis booleana en una plataforma basada en CPU-GPU. Esta implementación emplea el modelo de islas, el cual permite la evolución paralela e independiente del PGP a través de las múltiples unidades de procesamiento de la GPU y los múltiples núcleos de un procesador de última generación. Se probaron diferentes alternativas de mapeo del PGP en la plataforma en orden de optimizar el tiempo de respuesta. Como resultado se muestra una aceleración superiora41.
Desarrollo de un prototipo de prótesis auditiva por transmisión ósea para humanos con daños en la sección externa y media del oído
Authors: Herrera Martinez Marcelo , Casas Julian , Guevara Isaias
Published: October 2016

Este trabajo describe el desarrollo de un sistema, el cual puede ser usado para latransmisión de señales acústicas a través de conducción ósea, con el objetivo de recuperar y/o ampliar la audibilidad en personas con deficiencias o limitaciones auditivas. El prototipo permite recuperar la capacidad auditiva con un método no- convencional.
Sistema telemático para el seguimiento de pacientes en estado posoperatorio
Authors: Núñez César Viloria , Cardona Peña Jairo , Díaz Barros Jilliam , Lopera Narváez Valerie , Ramírez Tobón Daniel
Published: October 2016

En este artículo se describe una solución cuyo objetivo es que el equipo médico que trata a un paciente en estado posoperatorio de una cirugía ambulatoria, tenga acceso al seguimiento del mismo. El sistema proporciona información acerca del estado del paciente a través de un marcador telefónico automático que, por medio de un decisor inteligente, le entrega sugerencias al paciente sobre qué hacer en el proceso de recuperación. Los resultados obtenidos son positivos en el sentido de la valoración que le da el personal clínico a la funcionalidad de la aplicación, mostrando que sería útil su implementación para el mayor control de los pacientes en estado posoperatorio de cirugías ambulatorias
Modelaje matemático en la enseñanza de matemática en la ingeniería: posibilidades y dificultades
Authors: Salett Biembengut Maria
Published: October 2016

 

En este artículo presento algunas reflexiones sobre la estructura educacional brasileña que ha permanecido igual al currículo guía en muchas asignaturas, en el tiempo suficiente para que estuvieran terminados y cada una de estas asignaturas está bajo esponsabilidad de un profesor, haciéndose difícil obtener cambios significativos en la educación de los alumnos. Me he dedicado a investigar el Modelaje Matemático en la educación con datos empíricos, para la gran parte de estos estudios, obtenidos a través de experiencias en sala de aula en todos los niveles escolares; muchas de las experiencias ocurrieron en varias asignaturas de matemáticas en Ingeniería Industrial. Por ejemplo, presento una experiencia de modelaje que he hecho durante el primer semestre del año 2011 en la asignatura de Investigaciones Operativas. Usando modelaje como un método de enseñanza, busqué desarrollar la matemática que proporcionase a los alumnos la oportunidad de familiarizarse con técnicas que ellos lidiarán en el futuro y especialmente proporcionar la colaboración entre varios cursos de la asignatura. A pesar de que no subestimo la importancia del modelaje matemático, algunos aspectos de forma deberían ser chequeados, para no darle demasiado énfasis, olvidándose las limitaciones que produce la estructura educacional para ambos, tanto el profesor como a los alumnos.

 

 

 

 
La organización como motor de innovación: El caso de AIESEC en Colombia
Authors: Martínez Torres Juan Carlos , Herrera Malory Julio
Published: October 2016

Actualmente  las sociedades se caracterizan por estar inmersas en ambientes globalizados,  donde los mercados son dinámicos, cambiantes, abiertos y competitivos. Las Organización que prevalecen deben ajustarse a las exigencias del entorno y generar valor a sus procesos. Conceptos  tales como la innovación han tomado su lugar en los procesos organizacionales exitosos.  La innovación organizacional es el pilar de este análisis donde se estudiara en detalle el caso de AIESEC (international - Association Internationale des Étudiants en Sciences Économiques et Commerciales) y su presencia en Colombia; dicha entidad se encuentra en 124 países y naciones con un esquema de direccionamiento estratégico paralelo y herramientas de gestión de innovación organizacional que representan factores diferenciadores nacionales, que han impactado significativamente al entorno  internacional.
Contexto educativo a portas de la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Mena Andrés Felipe
Published: October 2016

 
En este artículo se presenta un análisis reflexivo sobre la capacidad de los sistemas educativos, para adaptarse a las condiciones socioeconómicas, con especial énfasis en la sociedad del conocimiento. Para ello, se definen los conceptos de objeto y papel del sistema educativo, a través de una revisión de experiencias en diferentes países. Luego se realiza un  análisis histórico de los objetos y papeles del sistema. Y finalmente se establecen conclusiones que fundamentalmente sugieren que la respuesta de los sistemas educativos es poco eficiente frente a los cambios socioeconómicos. Esta ineficiencia se hace más notoria en cuanto más importante es el conocimiento para el crecimiento económico.

 

 
 
Dispositivos de conmutación óptica en redes de nueva generación
Authors: Gaona Elvis , Gaona Paulo , Montenegro Carlos
Published: October 2016

Este documento muestra las funcionalidades de dos tipos de conmutadores ópticos:
OXC y OADM, utilizando una herramienta de software que simula el comportamiento de
cada uno de estos dispositivos desarrollada en Matlab. Se realiza un análisis comparativo
entre los diferentes tipos de interruptores ópticos enfatizando en los interruptores ópticos
MEMS (2-D y 3D). Se muestran las diferentes configuraciones para las matrices de conmutación
en una sola celda, junto con sus principales características, también se muestran
los principales problemas de diseño en relación con las cualidades del interruptor óptico:
el rendimiento óptico y las funcionalidades electromecánicas. En el caso del diseño óptico,
se analiza la pérdida de inserción inducida por la desalineación de la fibra, la reflexión de
Fresnel y aspectos relacionados con el micro-espejo, incluido el material de recubrimiento,
el grosor, la rugosidad de la superficie, el efecto del espejo en diferentes longitudes de
onda y la pérdida de la polarización-dependiente (PDL).
Stress test based on Oliver Wyman in Bank of Spain: an evaluation
Authors: Climent-Serrano Salvador
Published: October 2016

This paper, based on econometric techniques, has done a study to improve the predictions of the stress test, concerning the estimation of impairment losses. The main results obtained are: 1) the impact of the explanatory variables on the impairment loss is different at stages of growth, compared to times of recession; 2) there is a certain inertia of the dependent variable, but this inertia is different in intensity, and even the sign in the growth stages concerning the stages of recession; 3) of the explanatory variables, nominal GDP and equity are those that have a greater impact on the impairment loss; 4) finally, the two dummy variables that assess the impact of adjustment to market value of assets in the process of mergers and acquisitions that occurred in 2010, and regulatory changes implemented in 2012, have been statistically significant and with the expected signs.
Keywords: econometric techniques, financial crisis, financial markets, risks. JEL Classification: G21, G32, G17
A comprehensive approach for diagnosing opportunities for improving the performance of a WWTP
Authors: Silva C. , Matos J. Saldanha , Rosa M. J.
Published: October 2016

High quality services of wastewater treatment require a continuous assessment and improvement of the technical, environmental and economic performance. This paper demonstrates a comprehensive approach for benchmarking wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), using performance indicators (PIs) and indices (PXs), in a ‘plan-do-check-act’ cycle routine driven by objectives. The performance objectives herein illustrated were to diagnose the effectiveness and energy performance of an oxidation ditch WWTP. The PI and PX results demonstrated an effective and reliable oxidation ditch (good–excellent performance), and a non-reliable UV disinfection (unsatisfactory–excellent performance) related with influent transmittance and total suspended solids. The energy performance increased with the treated wastewater volume and was unsatisfactory below 50% of plant capacity utilization. The oxidation ditch aeration performed unsatisfactorily and represented 38% of the plant energy consumption. The results allowed diagnosing opportunities for improving the energy and economic performance considering the influent flows, temperature and concentrations, and for levering the WWTP performance to acceptable–good effectiveness, reliability and energy efficiency. Regarding the plant reliability for fecal coliforms, improvement of UV lamp maintenance and optimization of the UV dose applied and microscreen recommissioning were suggested.
The elimination of siloxanes from the biogas of a wastewater treatment plant by means of an adsorption process
Authors: Trapote Arturo , García Mariano , Prats Daniel
Published: October 2016

Siloxanes present in the biogas produced during anaerobic digestion in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can damage the mechanism of cogeneration heat engines and obstruct the process of energy valorization. The objective of this research is to detect the presence of siloxanes in the biogas and evaluate a procedure for their elimination. A breakthrough curve of a synthetic decamethylcyclopentasiloxane on an experimental bed of activated carbon was modeled and the theoretical mathematical model of the adsorption process was adjusted. As a result, the constants of the model were obtained: the mass transfer constant, Henry's equilibrium constant, and the Eddy diffusion. The procedure developed allows the adsorption equilibrium of siloxanes on activated carbon to be predicted, and makes it possible to lay the basis for the design of an appropriate activated carbon module for the elimination of siloxanes in a WWTP.
Biología de Lycoriella ingenua y Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae)
Authors: Marín-Cruz Victor H. , Cibrián-Tovar David , Méndez-Montiel José T. , Pérez-Vera Omar A. , Cadena-Meneses José A. , Huerta Herón , Rodríguez-Yam Gabriel , Cruz-Rodríguez Juan A.
Published: October 2016

Se estudiaron dos especies de mosquito fungoso negro, Lycoriella (Lycoriella) ingenua (Dufour, 1839) y Bradysia impatiens (Johannsen, 1912) (Diptera: Sciaridae), que causan daño a plántulas de Pinus montezumae (Lamb, 1832) en viveros forestales. Estos dípteros se identificaron morfológicamente y por métodos moleculares y se citan por primera vez como plaga en viveros forestales de México. La proporción sexual para L. ingenua fue de un macho por cada 1.25 hembras; para caracterizar esta especie se midieron huevos, pupas, larvas y cápsulas cefálicas. Con los datos morfométricos de longitud de cuerpo y ancho de la cápsula cefálica de larvas y mediante el método de conglomerados jerárquicos se determinaron los estadios larvarios de la especie. Para B. impatiens por cada macho existen 2.4 hembras. En la distinción de los estadios larvarios, el mejor parámetro fue el ancho de cápsula cefálica. Ambas especies presentaron cuatro estadios larvarios. Las dos especies se criaron en laboratorio a 21 ºC ± 2 ºC. El ciclo completo de L. ingenua requirió de 30.5 días ± 3.5 días. Para B. impatiens el tiempo para concluir ciclos biológicos fue de 27.5 días ± 2.5 días. Se determinó que las larvas de ambas especies consumen la raíz de Pinus montezumae. Se identificaron los hongos asociados a larvas y adultos de ambas especies, Fusarium circinatum fue el más importante y se registra por primera vez en viveros de P. montezumae; esta especie de hongo se identificó mediante morfología y por métodos moleculares.
Pasta blanqueada y azúcares fermentables a partir de médula de bagazo de caña
Authors: Vargas-Radillo J. Jesús , Salazar-Ríos Edgar , Barrientos-Ramírez Lucia , Pérez-Centeno Armando , Rentería-Urquiza Maite , Rodríguez-Rivas Antonio , Navarro-Arzate Fernando , Rutiaga-Quiñones José
Published: October 2016

La médula del bagazo de caña es un residuo subaprovechado que se produce en gran cantidad en los ingenios azucareros y en las fábricas de papel. Es una mezcla de células de parénquima, vasos y pequeñas fibras. Su contenido de carbohidratos y lignina es similar a la fracción fibra. Con el propósito de aprovechar este considerable contenido de carbohidratos, se aplicaron a la médula dos procesos distintos: Pulpeo-blanqueo, hidrólisis enzimática. El primer caso se aplicó prehidrólisis, pulpeo químico, blanqueo y refinación, obteniendo pulpa de médula blanqueada con 68% ISO de blancura y 0,38% de lignina residual. El mayor incremento en resistencia (77,6% de aumento en índice de tensión, IT) fue con la incorporación de 30% de pulpa de médula blanqueada sin refinar, mientras que con 10% de pulpa de médula blanqueada refinada, el IT se incrementó en 43,8%. En el segundo caso, se trató enzimáticamente la médula. Con 6 h de hidrólisis se obtuvo 86,6% de rendimiento en azúcares fermentables tanto para pulpa de médula cocida como para pulpa de médula blanqueada, lo que representa cerca del 100% de hidrólisis de los carbohidratos presentes en el sustrato, lo cual es significativo ya que el rendimiento en azúcares fermentables de médula sin tratar fue de solo 26,1%.
Análisis dasométrico de plantaciones de siricote (Cordia dodecandra A. DC.) bajo tres tipos de manejo en Xmatkuil, Yucatán
Authors: Campos B. Simei M. , Jiménez-Osornio Juan José , Barrientos M. Roberto
Published: October 2016

Se realizó un análisis dasométrico a tres plantaciones de Cordia dodecandra A. DC. en Xmatkuil, Yucatán, que cuentan con nueve años de edad y reciben tres diferentes tipos de manejo. Se midió altura, fuste, DAP, cobertura y calidad del tronco de cada uno de los individuos de las plantaciones. La calidad del tronco se evaluó comparando la imagen digital del fuste con la de la escala de calificación de 1-6, según la rectitud del tronco. Con los datos se llevó a cabo un análisis de covarianza multivariado (MANCOVA) a fin de verificar la presencia de diferencias significativas en las variables de altura, fuste y diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) en las plantaciones. La cobertura se consideró como variable explicativa auxiliar. Para la variable calidad del tronco se realizó la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskall-Wallis. El MANCOVA mostró diferencias significativas en altura, fuste y DAP en las tres plantaciones; los análisis estadísticos indicaron que la cobertura influye en las variables altura y DAP; asimismo, la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis con p-valor ≤ 0,05 señaló diferencias significativas. Por lo tanto, el manejo que reciben las plantaciones influye en el crecimiento de C. dodecandra. Estos resultados proporcionan información necesaria para el futuro establecimiento de plantaciones agroforestales, así como para tomar las medidas adecuadas en el manejo sustentable de la especie.