bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big Data , GAFA et assurance
Authors: Charpentier Arthur
Published: February 2020

Les sociétés technologiques et le monde de l’assurance auraient tout pour être opposés. Agilité, rapidité, obsession du futur chez les uns, conservatisme, réflexivité, fascination pour les données passées chez les autres. Et pourtant, les deux s’observent et commencent à nouer des partenariats, comprenant que la donnée est leur cœur de métier.
Solvabilité 2 : les assureurs se sont-ils laissé piéger ?
Authors: Frézal Sylvestre
Published: February 2020

En dépit d’une gestation difficile, Solvabilité 2 a incarné l’état de l’art en matière de régulation prudentielle des assurances. Début 2016, elle est entrée en vigueur. Elle est aujourd’hui largement décriée. Elle s’appuie sur deux postulats : 1) nous sommes capables de quantifier les risques extrêmes, et 2) les exigences de capital fondent les incitations des dirigeants. S’appuyant sur des modalités opérationnelles induites par ces deux postulats, Solvabilité 2 avait pour objectif d’optimiser la gestion des risques dans les compagnies d’assurance, ainsi que l’utilisation du capital dans cette industrie. Nous proposons ici un retour d’expérience interrogeant la pertinence de ces postulats et les conséquences de cette régulation. Il apparaît que la quantification des risques rares n’est, en termes d’ordre de grandeur, pas fiable ; que les « incitations » mises en œuvre conduisent à dissoudre les responsabilités ; et qu’en homogénéisant la façon de penser le risque, elle introduit un risque systémique.
Valeurs modale et évidentielle de la forme impersonnelle il est visible que
Authors: Lenepveu Véronique
Published: February 2020

En français contemporain, il est visible que (p) exprime une modalité à statut de métaprédicat, mais, simultanément, et à l’instar de l’adverbe dérivé en -ment , visiblement , il est visible que contribue à l’évidentialité de l’énoncé. Dans la perspective d’une sémantique instructionnelle, il s’agit de dégager ce qui fait la spécificité d’un marqueur linguistique lié à la perception tel que il est visible que au sein des constructions impersonnelles à valeur modale.
Objective measurement in equine physiotherapy
Authors: Tabor G. , Williams J.
Published: February 2020

Objective measurement should be incorporated into all areas of physiotherapy including within the assessment and treatment of horses, as there is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment intervention objectively. Whilst objective measures are available in a research laboratory setting it appears that in clinical practice mostly subjective methods of recording assessment and reassessment data are used. This article reviews the objective measures currently available to equine physiotherapists for use in clinical practice, beyond those available in a research laboratory setting. Within the literature there are studies reporting the reliability and validity of objective measures for the assessment of pain, gait, posture, range of motion, palpation and muscle size in horses. Whilst these validated objective measurement tools are available, they are not presently used consistently in clinical practice. In addition, the non-verbal nature of the equine patients precludes the use of self-reporting, meaning that there are no reported functional outcome scores possible similar to use with human patients. However, the combined use of pain responses, behavioural changes and objective measures collected during clinical assessment, both pre and post treatment, could be useful in practice. Equine physiotherapists should integrate more objective methods of recording data from assessments of horses.
Les origines marxiennes de l’institutionnalisme monétaire
Authors: Porcherot Raphaël
Published: February 2020

Les deux courants de l’institutionnalisme monétaire francophone, analyse monétaire et approche monétaire, se situent dans un rapport de filiation critique avec Marx. S’ils permettent de pallier efficacement l’impensé de la monnaie qui caractérise les théories néo-ricardienne et néoclassique, ils ne sont pas sans présenter des coûts théoriques importants. L’institution monétaire recouvre bien, dans la théorie, la centralité qu’elle a dans la réalité. Néanmoins, parce que la réflexion sur la valeur tend à se restreindre à sa seule dimension qualitative, en particulier dans le cas de l’approche monétaire, elle laisse hors-champ la détermination quantitative des ratios d’échange et du taux de profit. Nous proposons de recouvrer la définition du travail abstrait comme mesure immanente de la valeur s’exprimant dans les prix pour délimiter un champ d’articulation entre institutionnalisme monétaire et marxisme.
FEM Simulation of Multi-Stage Forging for Dray Fasteners
Authors: Chai Un Chin , Tzou Gow Yi , Hsu Chao Ming , Wei Shang Ping
Published: February 2020

This study uses the dies of the dray fasteners processing graphics provided by the fastener’s industry to establish 3D dies and components solid models based on the embedded drawing function tools provided by the component model (Standard.ipt) of Autodesk Inventor CAD software. After finishing the dies and components drawing, the integrated assembly drawing of dies can be obtained through the assembly model (Standard.iam) firstly. Three stages forming processes can be conducted and carried out the FEM simulation to check the forming acceptance. The effective stress, the effective strain, the velocity field, and the forging force can be obtained by the FEM simulation. Moreover, the realistic experiment can be performed to verify the acceptance of FEM simulation. The dimensions of final product can be measured to get the errors between FEM and experiment. It is noted that the errors show a good agreement with the experiment.
Practical Acquisition and Application of Flow Stresses Emphasizing on Prediction Accuracy for Bearing Steel, STB2
Authors: Razali Mohd Kaswandee , Irani Missam , Joun Man Soo
Published: February 2020

A phenomenological model presented by the authors in the previous study, which is a kind of two-region exponential function model, is used to describe flow stress behaviors of bearing steel, STB2. In this model, flow stress is calculated using two separated equations for hardening and softening regions. Peak stress, peak strain, hardening coefficient, steady state stress and softening coefficient are the required parameters for the model. These parameters are then either interpolated using linear regression or used to find some fitted functions of strain rate and temperature to identify the flow stress. The former is called the piecewise bi-linear function model (PLF model) while the latter the closed-form function model (CFF model). It has been shown that the flow stress curves of STB2 steel obtained by these two models are in good agreement with experimental results.
Evaluation of Fatigue Behavior of Silicon Carbide Particles Reinforced with Magnesium Alloy Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Huang Song Jeng , Subramani Murugan , Ali Addisu , Alemayehu Dawit , Aoh Jong Ning , Lin Pai Chen
Published: February 2020

To evaluate the fatigue behaviors of AZ61 magnesium alloy with different weight percentages (0, 1 and 2) of silicon carbide particles (SiCp) were fabricated through gravity casting method. In addition, stress-controlled low-cycle fatigue test of SiCp reinforced magnesium alloys AZ61 were performed in ambient atmosphere at room temperature using ASTM 606 standard specimens. Fatigue measurement results proved, that the fatigue life of SiCp reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) decreased with increasing SiCp content. However, the results of the cyclic ductility decreased owing to the presence of significant amount of SiCp, which induces the brittleness of fatigue properties. This is probably occurring because of increasing the SiCp content in the matrix causes highly localized plastic strain. In addition, a high concentration of stress results around the reinforcements particles regions initiate the crack leading to rapid failure of MMCs. Therefore, the SiCp did not act as a stress reliever and it behaves in a brittle manner for the crack propagation through the particles.
FEM Simulation Analysis of Ring Compression Test Using Stationary and Rotating Die under Constant Shear Friction
Authors: Stalls Wayne , Chai Un Chin , Pasang Tim , Tzou Gow Yi
Published: February 2020

The main objective of this research was to investigate the effect of friction on the behaviour of the metal flow and ring geometry, using comparisons from a stationary and rotating bottom die. This was carried out using friction calibration curves, compressive force analysis, stress and strain relationships and the reduction ratio of the ring specimen. The ring compression test (RCT) is considered one of the most reliable ways to obtain the friction factor existing in a plastic deformation process. This technique utilizes the dimensional changes of a test specimen to determine the magnitude of the friction factor. The variation of the calibration curve for the stationary die, with a range of m=0.0 to 0.9, and for the rotating die a range of m=0.1, 0.5 and 0.9. The frictional factor is calculated using FEM analysis, friction calibration and reduction ratio curves were generated from the compressive force using the DEFORM software package. The results indicated that the change in the inner diameter is related to the friction conditions and angular velocities at the die-workpiece interface.
Finite Element Analysis of Tube End Forming and Process Design
Authors: Hwang Yeong Maw , Lin Sheng Liang , Xu Zhong Zhou
Published: February 2020

Compared with forging and extrusion processes, tube end forming includes various forming methods, such as pipe expansion, bending, bulging, folding, shrinking and profile processing. Therefore, research and development of pipe processing and forming are of great importance in the industry. In this study, the authors used the finite element analysis software DEFORM to analyze the end deformation behavior of the single pass forming. The deformation behavior of the pipe end, load curve and formability are discussed. The single-pass forming die design enables the pipe ends to be formed into two different shapes. By reducing the processing procedures with the geometric design of the dies, the processing advantages of single pass forming are achieved.
Cold Forming Simulation of Tapping Screws with Hexagon Flange Head Using Numerical Method
Authors: Hsia Shao Yi
Published: February 2020

Finite element method is used in this study for analyzing the process of chrome molybdenum tapping screws and discussing the effect of different process parameters on the formability of tapping screws. In the research process, SolidWorks matched with 3D scanning is first used for drawing the physical mold, which is then imported to DEFORM, a finite element forming software, for the tapping screws forming simulation and analysis. Through the spring constant adjustment of three different sliding upper dies, the simulation results and the physical measurement size are compared the difference in diameter or length before and after the formation, which does not exceed 2.38% at most. The research result could assist manufacturers in establishing the forming analysis process of tapping screws to find out the optimal mold and process parameters. In addition to prevent tail screws from defects in the production process, it could be used for the development and process evaluation of new-style screws.
Mast Cells Localize in Hypoxic Zones of Tumors and Secrete CCL-2 under Hypoxia through Activation of L-Type Calcium Channels
Authors: Ramírez-Moreno Itzel G. , Ibarra-Sánchez Alfredo , Castillo-Arellano Jorge Ivan , Blank Ulrich , González-Espinosa Claudia
Published: February 2020

Hypoxia is a condition that together with low pH, high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased adenosine levels characterize tumor microenvironment. Mast cells (MCs) are part of tumor microenvironment, but the effect of hypoxia on the production of MC-derived cytokines has not been fully described. Using the hypoxia marker pimonidazole in vivo, we found that MCs were largely located in the low-oxygen areas within B16-F1 mice melanoma tumors. In vitro, hypoxia promoted ROS production, a ROS-dependent increase of intracellular calcium, and the production of MCP 1 (CCL-2) in murine bone marrow–derived MCs. Hypoxia-induced CCL-2 production was sensitive to the antioxidant trolox and to nifedipine, a blocker of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (LVDCCs). Simultaneously with CCL-2 production, hypoxia caused the ROS-dependent glutathionylation and membrane translocation of the α1c subunit of Cav1.2 LVDCCs. Relationship between ROS production, calcium rise, and CCL-2 synthesis was also observed when cells were treated with H2O2. In vivo, high CCL-2 production was detected on hypoxic zones of melanoma tumors (where tryptase-positive MCs were also found). Pimonidazole and CCL-2 positive staining diminished when B16-F1 cell–inoculated animals were treated with trolox, nifedipine, or the adenosine receptor 2A antagonist KW6002. Our results show that MCs are located preferentially in hypoxic zones of melanoma tumors, hypoxia-induced CCL-2 production in MCs requires calcium rise mediated by glutathionylation and membrane translocation of LVDCCs, and this mechanism of CCL-2 synthesis seems to operate in other cells inside melanoma tumors, with the participation of the adenosine receptor 2A.
Needs for Post-hospital Education among Parents of Infants and Toddlers with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Lee Bo Ryeong , Koo Hyun Young
Published: February 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the educational needs of parents of infants and toddlers with congenital heart disease (CHD) after hospital discharge.Methods: Qualitative content analysis was conducted of in-depth interviews of eight parents, and the results of an online survey of 171 parents were analyzed quantitatively.Results: Only 16.4% of parents reported that they had received education after hospital discharge on how to provide care for a child with CHD at home. The main reason why parents did not receive education on this topic was that they did not have sufficient opportunities or information (75.5%). In addition, 97.1% of parents stated that they needed educational programs that would be available at home after discharge. In terms of specific educational content, parents expressed the highest needs for education on the symptoms of CHD and ways to cope with them, the prognosis of CHD, and the growth and development of infants and toddlers with CHD.Conclusion: The study showed that parents’ educational needs were high in many ways. However, the information and educational opportunities offered after discharge were insufficient compared to those needs. Further research is needed to develop post-hospital educational programs that meet their needs.
Detection of Germline Mutations in Breast Cancer Patients with Clinical Features of Hereditary Cancer Syndrome Using a Multi-Gene Panel Test
Authors: Shin Hee-Chul , Lee Han-Byoel , Yoo Tae-Kyung , Lee Eun-Shin , Kim Ryong Nam , Park Boyoung , Yoon Kyong-Ah , Park Charny , Lee Eun Sook , Moon Hyeong-Gon , Noh Dong-Young , Kong Sun-Young , Han Wonshik
Published: February 2020

PurposeHereditary cancer syndrome means that inherited genetic mutations can increase a person's risk of developing cancer. We assessed the frequency of germline mutations using an nextgeneration sequencing (NGS)–based multiple-gene panel containing 64 cancer-predisposing genes in Korean breast cancer patients with clinical features of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC).Materials and MethodsA total of 64 genes associated with hereditary cancer syndrome were selected for development of an NGS-based multi-gene panel. Targeted sequencing using the multi-gene panel was performed to identify germline mutations in 496 breast cancer patients with clinical features of HBOC who underwent breast cancer surgery between January 2002 and December 2017.ResultsOf 496 patients, 95 patients (19.2%) were found to have 48 deleterious germline mutations in 16 cancer susceptibility genes. The deleterious mutations were found in 39 of 250 patients (15.6%) who had breast cancer and another primary cancer, 38 of 169 patients (22.5%) who had a family history of breast cancer (≥ 2 relatives), 16 of 57 patients (28.1%) who had bilateral breast cancer, and 29 of 84 patients (34.5%) who were diagnosed with breast cancer at younger than 40 years of age. Of the 95 patients with deleterious mutations, 60 patients (63.2%) had BRCA1/2 mutations and 38 patients (40.0%) had non-BRCA1/2 mutations. We detected two novel deleterious mutations in BRCA2 and MLH1.ConclusionNGS-based multiple-gene panel testing improved the detection rates of deleterious mutations and provided a cost-effective cancer risk assessment.
Sequential ambiguity and uncertainty in the early stage of a disaster relief: A case study of the Bam earthquake
Authors: Hosseinnejad, PhD Candidate Maryam , Mahdavian, MS Mina , Zolala, PhD Farzaneh
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to identify issues that arose during the early response stage of the Bam earthquake as perceived by the aid workers. Eleven people who had been involved in the Bam earthquake response, and who were working for the Red Crescent in Iran or the Kerman University of Medical Science teams, were interviewed. These groups were two of the main organizations providing assistance to victims of the Bam earthquake. The authors used two nonrandom sampling methods, namely, purposive and snowball sampling. The interviewees identified two main barriers for achieving an effective response at the early stage aftermath of the earthquake, as follows: first, the lack of accurate information on the location and extent of the earthquake due to shortage in communication tools and, second, inadequate training on different challenges posed in relation to the disaster, before the earthquake occurred.
Evidence for a larger contribution of smoldering combustion to boreal forest fire emissions from tower observations in Alaska
Authors: Wiggins Elizabeth B. , Andrews Arlyn , Sweeney Colm , Miller John B. , Miller Charles E. , Veraverbeke Sander , Commane Roisin , Wofsy Steve , Henderson John M. , Randerson James T.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. With recent increases in burned area within boreal forests that have been linked to climate warming, there is a need to better understand the composition of emissions and their impact on atmospheric composition. Most previous studies have estimated boreal fire emission factors from daytime samples collected via aircraft near fire plumes or at the surface near actively burning fires. Here we quantified emission factors for CO and CH4 from a massive regional fire complex in interior Alaska during the summer of 2015 using continuous high-resolution trace gas observations from the CRV tower (Fox, AK). Averaged over the 2015 fire season, the CO/CO2 emission ratio was 0.138±0.048 and the CO emission factor was 145±50 g CO per kg of dry biomass consumed. The CO/CO2 emission ratio was about 35 % higher and more variable than most previous aircraft-based estimates for fresh wildfire emissions. The mean CH4/CO2 emission ratio was 0.010±0.003 and the CH4 emission factor was 6.05±2.09 g CH4 per kg of dry biomass consumed, with means similar to previous reports. CO and CH4 emission factors varied in synchrony, with higher CH4 emission factors observed during periods with lower modified combustion efficiency (MCE). By coupling a fire emissions inventory with an atmospheric model, we identified that at least 35 individual fires contributed to trace gas variations measured at the CRV tower, representing a significant increase in sampling compared to the number of boreal fires measured in all previous boreal forest fire work. The model also indicated that typical mean transit times between trace gas emission and tower measurement were 1–3 days, indicating that the time series sampled combustion across day and night burning phases. The high and variable CO emission factor estimates reported here provide evidence for a more prominent role of smoldering combustion, highlighting the importance of continuously sampling of fires across time-varying environmental conditions that are representative of typical burning conditions.
Climate-driven chemistry and aerosol feedbacks in CMIP6 Earth
system models
Authors: Thornhill Gillian , Collins William , Olivié Dirk , Archibald Alex , Bauer Susanne , Checa-Garcia Ramiro , Fiedler Stephanie , Folberth Gerd , Gjermundsen Ada , Horowitz Larry , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Michou Martine , Mulcahy Jane , Nabat Pierre , Naik Vaishali , O'Connor Fiona M. , Paulot Fabien , Schulz Michael , Scott Catherine E. , Seferian Roland , Smith Chris , Takemura Toshihiko , Tilmes Simone , Weber James
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Feedbacks play a fundamental role in determining the magnitude of the response of the climate system to external forcing, such as from anthropogenic emissions. The latest generation of Earth system models include aerosol and chemistry components that interact with each other and with the biosphere. These interactions introduce a complex web of feedbacks which it is important to understand and quantify. This paper addresses the multiple pathways for aerosol and chemical feedbacks in Earth system models. This is achieved by extending previous formalisms which include CO2 concentrations as a state variable to a formalism which in principle includes the concentrations of all climate-active atmospheric constituents. This framework is demonstrated by applying it to the Earth system models participating in CMIP6 with a focus on the non-CO2 reactive gases and aerosols (methane, ozone, sulphate aerosol, organic aerosol and dust). We find that the overall climate feedback through chemistry and aerosols is negative in the CMIP6 Earth system models due to increased negative forcing from aerosols with warmer temperatures. Through diagnosing changes in methane emissions and lifetime we find that if Earth system models were to allow methane to vary interactively, methane positive feedbacks (principally wetland methane emissions and biogenic VOC emissions) would offset much of the aerosol feedbacks.
Cloud top pressure retrieval with DSCOVR-EPIC oxygen A and B bands observation
Authors: Yin Bangsheng , Min Qilong , Morgan Emily , Yang Yuekui , Marshak Alexander , Davis Anthony B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. An analytic transfer model for Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) observation was proposed to retrieve the cloud top pressure (CTP) with considering in-cloud photon penetration. In this model, an analytic equation was developed to represent the reflection at top of atmosphere (TOA) from above cloud, in-cloud and below-cloud. The coefficients of this analytic equation can be derived from a series of EPIC simulations under different atmospheric conditions using a non-linear regression algorithm. With estimated cloud pressure thickness, the CTP can be retrieved from EPIC observation data by solving the analytic equation. To simulate the EPIC measurements, a program package using the double-k approach was developed, which can calculate high-accuracy results with a one-hundred-fold time reduction. During the retrieval processes, two kinds of retrieval results, i.e., baseline CTP and retrieved CTP, are provided. The baseline CTP is derived without considering in-cloud photon penetration, and the retrieved CTP is derived by solving the analytic equation, taking into consideration the in-cloud and below-cloud interactions. The retrieved CTP for the oxygen A and B bands are smaller than their related baseline CTP. At the same time, both baseline CTP and retrieved CTP at the oxygen B-band are obviously larger than those at the oxygen A-band. Compared to the difference of baseline CTP between the B-band and A-band, the difference of retrieved CTP between these two bands is generally reduced.
Alluvial record of an early Eocene hyperthermal within the Castissent Formation, the Pyrenees, Spain
Authors: Honegger Louis , Adatte Thierry , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Rugenstein Jeremy K. Caves , Poyatos-Moré Miquel , Puigdefàbregas Cai , Chanvry Emmanuelle , Clark Julian , Fildani Andrea , Verrechia Eric , Kouzmanov Kalin , Harlaux Matthieu , Castelltort Sébastien
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The late Palaeocene to the middle Eocene (57.5 to 46.5 Ma)
recorded a total of 39 hyperthermals – periods of rapid global warming
documented by prominent negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) as well as
peaks in iron content – have been recognized in marine cores. Documenting
how the Earth system responded to rapid climatic shifts during hyperthermals
provides fundamental information to constrain climatic models. However,
while hyperthermals have been well documented in the marine sedimentary
record, only a few have been recognized and described in continental
deposits, thereby limiting our ability to understand the effect and record
of global warming on terrestrial systems. Hyperthermals in the continental
record could be a powerful correlation tool to help connect marine and
continental deposits, addressing issues of environmental signal propagation
from land to sea. In this study, we generate new stable carbon isotope data
(δ13C values) across the well-exposed and time-constrained
fluvial sedimentary succession of the early Eocene Castissent Formation in
the south central Pyrenees (Spain). The δ13C values of
pedogenic carbonate reveal – similarly to the global records – stepped
CIEs, culminating in a minimum δ13C value that we correlate
with the hyperthermal event “U” at ca. 50 Ma. This general trend towards more
negative values is most probably linked to higher primary productivity
leading to an overall higher respiration of soil organic matter during these
climatic events. The relative enrichment in immobile elements (Zr, Ti, Al)
and higher estimates of mean annual precipitation together with the
occurrence of small iron oxide and iron hydroxide nodules during the CIEs suggest
intensification of chemical weathering and/or longer exposure of soils in a
highly seasonal climate. The results show that even relatively small-scale
hyperthermals compared with their prominent counterparts, such as PETM, ETM2,
and ETM3, can leave a recognizable signature in the terrestrial stratigraphic
record, providing insights into the dynamics of the carbon cycle in
continental environments during these events.
How much snow falls in the world’s mountains? A first look at mountain snowfall estimates in A-train observations and reanalyses
Authors: Daloz Anne Sophie , Mateling Marian , L'Ecuyer Tristan , Kulie Mark , Wood Norm B. , Durand Mikael , Wrzesien Melissa , Stjern Camilla W. , Dimri Ashok P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. CloudSat estimates that 1773 cubic km of snow falls, on average, each year over the world’s mountains. This volume of snow amounts to five percent of the volume of snowfall accumulations globally. This study provides a synthesis of mountain snowfall estimates over the four continents containing mountains (Eurasia, North America, South America and Africa), comparing snowfall estimates from new observation-based and four reanalysis datasets. Globally, the fraction of snow that falls in the world’s mountains is very similar between all these independent datasets (4–5 %), providing confidence in this estimate. The fraction of mountain snowfall for the different continents is also very similar between the different datasets. However, the magnitude of snowfall estimates differs substantially. The consensus in fractions and the dissimilarities in magnitude seem to indicate that large-scale forcings are similarly represented in the five datasets: however, at smaller scales (microphysics) there might be large discrepancies.
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Nigerian Fermented Food Condiments
Authors: M Okafor Chibuanuli , N Ikegbunam Moses , C Nwachukwu Judith , N Ebenebe Ijeoma , C Nnanna Joy
Published: February 2020

Food borne diseases remain a growing public health problem gotten through the consumption of contaminated food and water. A world health organization report, 2015 estimated 600million episodes of illness due to contaminated food worldwide. Amongst all age groups, Africa bore the greatest burden of diarrhoeal diseases. Gram-negative bacteria have become a significant challenge to the control of infection as a result of acquisition of antibiotic resistant genes. This is especially of concern in Nigeria where fermented condiments are important part of daily meals and sometimes consumed without cooking. This work thus identifies Gram negative bacteria from fermented condiments and evaluates the antibiotic resistance profile of the bacterial isolates. The fermented condiments- Iru (Parkia biglobosa) (67), Ogiri-igbo (Ricinus communis) (58), Ukpaka (Pentaclethra macrophylla) (22) and Okpei (Prosopis africana) (42), were obtained from markets in Abuja, Gboko, Lokoja, Okenne, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Ijebu-Ode, Ilorin, Lagos, Ondo and Ore. Coliform and faecal coliform test was done. Isolation of the Gram-negative bacteria was done using MacConkey agar. Taxonomic studies were carried out on the isolated Gram negative bacteria. Determination of antibiotic resistance profile of the Gram-negative bacteria was done by disc diffusion method. Ukpaka (Pentaclethra macrophylla) samples had the highest percentage occurrence of coliforms (100%). Faecal coliform were more prevalent in Ukpaka (20%) and Iru (16.67%). Klebsiella pneumonia was prevalent in the 3 of the fermented condiments (Iru, Ogiri and Ukpaka). Escherichia coli was the most frequent Gram-negative bacteria in Okpei samples. The relatively high recovery rates of Gram-negative bacteria shows possible contamination of fermented condiments by human pathogens. The isolates from Ukpaka showed the highest resistance (55.3%) to Cotrimoxazole. The effect of the resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics could be transmission of resistant strains from farm to house, treatment failure and a limited choice of antibiotics used for treatment.
Corruption, Emotional Intelligence, and Leadership: Leadership Analysis From The Seventh President of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Bangun Pustaka , Djaenuri Aries , Wildan Lalu
Published: February 2020

After the proclamation of Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, the founding fathers of the nation formulated the objectives of the Indonesian state as stated in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution. In an effort to achieve the intended national goals, the President of the Republic of Indonesia, since the era of President Sukarno until now namely President Joko Widodo has implemented various policies. One of the national policies in the reform era, namely the 1990s, was a change in the principle of government from centralization to decentralization. Since the implementation of the decentralization principle there have been two prominent issues relating to the Regional Head First, the number of Regional Heads sentenced to prison for committing corruption and accepting bribes. Secondly, the emergence of Joko Widodo, who in his second term as Mayor of Solo, was elected as the Governor of DKI Jakarta Province in 2012 to 2017, and later in the 2014 Presidential election, was elected as the seventh President of the Republic of Indonesia. The success of Joko Widodo to gain the above achievements mostly because Joko Widodo implemented the dimensions of transformational leadership and dimensions of emotional intelligence in his leadership so that the community and staff were satisfied and then provided support to him. The author believes that Joko Widodo 'i childhood experience, religious practices, Javanese culture practices, and furniture business experience formed the dimensions of emotional intelligence and transformational leadership dimensions in Joko Widodo's leadership.
The Pornotrope of Decolonial Feminism
Authors: Terrefe Selamawit D.
Published: February 2020

This article argues that María Lugones's articulation of decolonial feminism, as a theory and potential political praxis, both disappears Blackness and subjugates African American women—their scholarship, their language, and the materiality of their Black “flesh”—within the same subordinate position the coloniality of gender decries. Expanding Hortense Spillers's concept of “pornotroping,” this article puts into relief the ideological and rhetorical investments in deploying the figure of the Black woman to institute an argument about gender, but only to erase this figure from the political and affective registers of its theorization. This essay argues that Lugones's theorization of decolonial feminism effectively reifies the libidinal dynamics it denounces: turning Africans into captives, into commodities for use and abuse. It questions the camouflaging and decontextualization of Black feminist interventions that consider the singularity of antiblack violence as a model for thinking about violence as a phenomenological and ontological global order, critiquing the category of gender incipit to the process of enslavement and colonialism that ushers in the very modernity that decoloniality frames itself against.
Lugones's World-Making
Authors: Alcoff Linda Martín
Published: February 2020

This article reflects on the worlds that María Lugones has made and has transformed, particularly for the doing of feminist theory. Thus this article will be more exploratory than argumentative: to explore the lessons that Lugones's work holds, especially her work on pluralist feminism, world-traveling, the uses of anger, boomerang perception, and the multiplicitousness of both our selves and our communities, for our twenty-first-century challenges. This article argues that Lugones's work addresses how to negotiate conflicts that arise within social movements of liberation, within coalitions or spaces of shared commitments.
Intermittency and CO2 Reductions from Wind Energy
Authors: Kaffine Daniel T. , McBee Brannin J. , Ericson Sean J.
Published: February 2020

Using detailed 5-minute electricity generation data, we examine the impact of wind intermittency on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions savings from wind energy in the Southwest Power Pool from 2012-2014. Parametric and semi-parametric analysis confirms concerns that intra-hour wind intermittency reduces CO2 emissions savings from wind—in the top decile of wind intermittency, emission savings are reduced by nearly 10 percent. However, the average wind intermittency effect on emission savings is modest, on the order of 6.5 percent when accounting for dynamic effects. Evidence suggests the intermittency effect is likely to remain modest in the near-term.
Preferencje muzyczne uczniów z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną
Authors: Ploch Lech
Published: February 2020

Uczniowie z umiarkowanym stopniem niepełnosprawności intelektualnej wymagają kontynuacji aktywizujących działań w obszarze muzyki w codziennej praktyce pedagogicznej szkoły. Okazuje się, że w rzeczywistości postulat ten nie zawsze jest realizowany na dostatecznie wysokim poziomie i wymaga w związku z tym wzmożonych wysiłków nauczycieli. To właśnie w warunkach pracy szkoły uczniowie ci mają najlepsze i wszechstronne podstawy do wdrażania powszechności w kontakcie z muzyką, kompleksowości oddziaływań w sferze doświadczeń i przeżyć, wczesnego rozpoznania zakresu zainteresowań muzycznych oraz ciągłości oddziaływań ukierunkowanych na rozwój pasji i talentu muzycznego.
W artykule podjęto analizę oceny preferencji muzycznych uczniów z umiarkowanym stopniem niepełnosprawności intelektualnej z województwa mazowieckiego i wielkopolskiego. Badania potwierdziły prawdziwość hipotezy, że im więcej cech charakterystycznych dla akceptacji form muzyki w warunkach szkolnych mają uczniowie, tym wyższy stopień nasilonej aktywności i zainteresowania ujawniają udziałem w różnych formach muzycznych. Okazuje się, że koncepcja wykorzystania w szkole wzmożonego i postępowego kontaktu na co dzień z muzyką może mieć charakter dalekosiężnego, rozwojowego i nowatorskiego podejścia w całym procesie wzbogacania terapii i aktywizacji uczniów. Jak próbowano wykazać, taki ożywiony, ukierunkowany profesjonalnie kontakt pozwala m.in. na uzyskanie dodatkowych informacji niezbędnych do dokonania oceny ucznia; ustalenia optymalnego modelu wspomagania wzajemnych relacji między nauczycielem, rodzicami, środowiskiem a uczniem; opracowania indywidualnego programu pracy terapeutycznej w adaptacji społecznej; skutecznego wzmacniania procesu usamodzielniania się ucznia i efektywnego podwyższania poziomu wtajemniczenia w obszarze uprawiania przez niego muzyki, jej interpretacji oraz akceptacji pomysłowości w wykorzystaniu do poprawy jakości życia i nauki szkolnej.
Rola terapii zajęciowej w uzyskaniu aktywności zawodowej
Authors: Rottermund Jerzy , Knapik Andrzej
Published: February 2020

The role of occupational therapy in acquiring employment
To be satisfied with their life, people with disabilities need to fully participate in social life. By providing comprehensive rehabilitation, occupational therapy gives them an opportunity to choose their path in life and make decisions about their life - thanks to their being able to work, among other things. The authors present conditions necessary for people with disabilities to become capable of working that need to be included in therapy. They distinguish five stages of acquiring vocational skills and competence. These are: current analysis of mental and physical abilities, assessment of vocational potential, preparation for work, workplace accommodation and the final outcome - employment. They present outlines of procedures oriented at learning a trade by people with psychomotor disabilities, their vocational potential and conditions for working. Independence at work is closely related to the clinical condition of the person in therapy. It is not always possible to develop full competence; however, an optimal level should be aimed at that is appropriate to the current physical and mental abilities of a person with disability.
A family with a chronically ill child – an example of narrative analysis
Authors: Myśliwczyk Iwona
Published: February 2020

Parents of disabled children not only deal with raising a child but also with their disability. The whole family experiences various implications as their lives are strongly affected by the disability. Undeniably, the whole life depends on a disability, which forces parents to redefine the family life and give it a new meaning.
The conducted research was located in the stream of constructivist and interpretative research. The attempt of meeting and understanding the world the parents preserve in their memories allowed togain ‘genuine’ knowledge about a family with a chronically ill child. Told narrations present difficult parenthood and everyday problems that a family must deal with. Parents’ biographies concern not only weaknesses which they have to face fighting for normal life for their children but also show determination in their constant struggle in everyday life. Everyday life is very complex for them. Thus, the reality that the separents create is full of both negative and positive emotions, moments of happiness, love and mutual respect.
Activities of schools and institutions for deaf and blind children established on the initiative of Lviv Jews from 1871 through 1939
Authors: Łapot Mirosław
Published: February 2020

The article describes the initiatives of the Jewish community in Lviv in the area of special education taken during the Galician autonomy period (1867–1918) and in independent Poland (1918–1939). It is based on little known references kept in Lviv and Cracow archives. Lviv Jews’ interest in the education of blind and deaf children was awaken by Vienna, where the first schools for the deaf and the blind in Europe had been established. The article presents the functioning of the first Jewish center for deaf children and adolescents on Polish lands – it was established by Izaak Józef Bardach in 1871. The institution functioned as a private school, supporting itself mainly through subsidies from the city of Lviv and from the local Jewish community till 1939 when it was incorporated into the state school for the deaf at Łyczakowskiej street. The Jews from Lviv contributed to the establishment of the first Jewish school for the blind in Poland. It was set up in Bojanowo in 1926 and transferred to Warsaw in 1936. The article expands the current state of research on the history of schooling for people with disabilities on Polish lands, showing the contribution of the Jewish community to the development of schools for the deaf and the blind.
The model of combination between medical and educational intervention for children with developmental disorders in Vietnam – Through case studies
Authors: Trang Thu Dinh Nguyen
Published: February 2020

Special education must be interdisciplinary in order to ensure the comprehensive quality of education for children with special needs in general and children with developmental disorders in particular. For children with developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disabilities, etc., regular education interventions are important as they provide children with essential knowledge and help them practice necessary skills before utilizing these skills in their social integration process. This article introduces intervention models used in an educational institution in combination with medical therapy and the effects of this combination in two case studies of children with developmental disorders. Through concrete evidence and results of clear case studies, the article desires to contribute to a clearer illustration of the combined model of health and education used in interventions for children with special needs in general and especially for children with developmental disorders in Vietnam.
Dreams of people with moderate intellectual disabilities
Authors: Żuraw Hanna
Published: February 2020

Dreams defined as a form of mental activity that focuses on fulfilling desires, aims, and plans regarding one’s life are a synthetic reflection of a human being’s past and presence, and his or her vision of the future. Exploring dreams has cognitive, ethical, and practical dimensions. It provides knowledge of a person’s inner life and the quality of his or her experiences. Analysis of the dreams of people with moderate intellectual disabilities expresses respect for their humanity. The findings of explorations regarding the dreams of this group of people can serve as a predictor in developing practical solutions to improve the quality of their lives. The paper presents information on the dreams of women with moderate intellectual disabilities. Their dreams refer to something that is beyond them – to the issues of self-esteem, independence, social response to disability, and the features of their situation in life. Their dreams show exclusion from the privilege of adulthood, that is – from independence. They show a strong bond between the women and their mothers, their desire to enhance their lives, and their aiming at stabilization and being among familiar, close people. Observations made in the study suggest the need for institutions that will replace motherly care in the future and will allow an enriched life.
Evaluation of school achievements of students with special educational needs – a preliminary study
Authors: Autayeva Akbota N. , Satova Akmaral K. , Butabayeva Laura A. , Kulesza Ewa M.
Published: February 2020

In the first part of the article, the authors present new regulations in Kazakhstan that oblige teachers to monitor students’ academic achievements; they also draw attention to problems relating to the evaluation system for students with special educational needs in inclusive education. This gave grounds for undertaking research with the aim to analyze foreign experiences (in selected countries) and reflect in detail on the student evaluation system in Kazakhstan.
In the next part of the article, the authors briefly outline Australian solutions and then provide a more detailed description of Polish and Russian solutions. A special focus is given to the analysis of the Kazakh system monitoring academic achievements in students with special educational needs, and both positive changes and the need to develop new systemic solutions are pointed out. The authors have found that I. Altynsarin National Academy of Education developed psychological and pedagogical approaches (student-centered, activity-based, and health-saving), pedagogical conditions, tasks, and functions of criterial evaluation of educational achievements, and requirements for a system of criterial evaluation of educational achievements of young students with special educational needs in an inclusive environment.
At the same time, the questions concerning the procedure for evaluating individual achievements, the selection of methods, forms, means, and conditions of assessment as well as the consideration of personal indicators and the teacher’s professional and psychological readiness to participate in the assessment of students’ achievements have not been answered. That is why it is necessary to continue research on the process monitoring academic achievements in students with SEN that would result in creating a system to evaluate the performance of students with SEN, taking into consideration the Kazakh solutions and best practices as well as other countries’ experiences.
Quality of life of chronically ill children from a theoretical perspective
Authors: Wiśniewska Karolina
Published: February 2020

In the article, I emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of the quality of life concept, which is used in many scientific disciplines. The approach to this issue depends largely on the perspective of the subject that is concerned with this problem. Quality of life changes with age, the level of self-awareness, and social roles and life tasks a person takes on. That is why I have sought to outline the determinants of quality of life and its dimensions. I stress the point that these issues are particularly important from the point of view of chronically ill children, as the development of illness may have a negative impact on their physical, mental, and social spheres. Moreover, the constantly increasing number of children with chronic diseases creates a need for a closer investigation into problems in their psychosocial functioning that are determined by their health condition. The article aims to present the issues of quality of life as well as illness and its impact on the quality of life of children with chronic diseases.
The specific nature of difficulties in visual perception resulting from childhood brain tumors
Authors: Walkiewicz-Krutak Małgorzata , Paplińska Małgorzata
Published: February 2020

The analyses presented in the article aim to investigate the specific nature of visual problems in a young child whose visual disability results from a brain tumor. The article presents a case study on difficulties in using vision and visual perception development in an almost 4-year-old boy with a brain tumor. It refers to knowledge concerning visual problems in children with brain tumors that is available in source materials and presents a detailed description of difficulties in visual reception and perception in a boy whose visual problems result from cancer. This description was made based on the results of a functional vision assessment. Decreased visual acuity, reduced visual fields, abnormalities in the development of oculomotor functions, lack of spatial vision, and difficulties in visual perception were found in the boy. Both the analysis of medical literature presented in the paper and the results of the boy's functional vision assessment suggest possible development of visual functioning disorders secondary to a brain tumor, such as decreased visual acuity and reduced visual fields, which determine visual abilities and have an adverse impact on the development of visual perception in early life. Based on the analysis of an individual situation, the description of difficulties in visual functioning suggests there is a risk of similar impairments in children with brain tumors.