bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maintenance Execution: What and How – A PDCA Approach
Authors: Okonta Christian , Edokpia Ralphael , Eboigbe Christopher
Published: June 2024

Maintenance execution determines the overall outcome of any maintenance policy and strategy adopted to keep a facility in a reliable state. Once this is flawed, every other aspect of the maintenance process will not yield the intended result, hence the need to focus attention on the shopfloor execution of maintenance tasks with adherence to plans and schedules. There are two major aspects of maintenance execution: what to do and how to do it. What to do are a combination of original equipment manufacturer recommendations and other source of information relevant to maintenance planning, such as historical data, experience from technicians, and prognostic methodologies for data gathering. While this is almost unique to equipment, it is a prerequisite for proper maintenance planning and execution. The how-to-do aspect of maintenance execution involves the capability and ability of the shopfloor technicians to carry out the maintenance plan with the right knowledge, attitude, and tool set. By adopting the PDCA approach, a systematic approach to maintenance execution is developed that covers both planning and implementation of maintenance execution for sustaining reliability. The result shows a steady decline in waste trend with over 5% reduction in the amount of waste in less than 3 months.
New Approaches in Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Chariklia Neophytou , Stolina Kolovou , Papadimitriou Konstantinos , Doufexi Aikaterini-Elisavet
Published: June 2024

Dentistry is under continuous progress. Especially periodontal research and new therapeutic approaches have been developed in the last decades. The mechanism of periodontal disease development, diagnosis, classification system, and treatment protocol are disputed. At the same time, genetics with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) signify the role of predisposition in periodontal disease. The relationship between periodontitis and systemic health is considered as an uncontested reality, and comorbidities with other diseases have been proved. Some recent advances and future perspectives in treatment field are immunomodulation, prebiotics, and vaccines, while biomaterials, like emdogain, and minimal invasive surgery are evolved frequently in periodontal treatment. This chapter presents and analyzes the total progress and changes in every aspect of periodontology from the past to now and the future.
Stakeholders Perspectives on Ecotourism in Biosphere Reserves in Morocco and Lebanon: The Case of Shouf Biosphere Reserve and Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean in Morocco (IBRM)
Authors: El Mejjad Faiza , El Kirat El Allame Yamina , Amzil Laoucine
Published: June 2024

This chapter investigates the perspectives of local stakeholders involved in implementing strategies to enhance ecotourism activities within two distinct biosphere reserves: The Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean (IBRM) in Morocco and the Shouf Biosphere Reserve (SBR) in Lebanon. The study adopts a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews to uncover both commonalities and differences in the stakeholders’ viewpoints regarding ecotourism within these two protected areas. Despite the commonly shared goals, the results reveal nuanced distinctions in the strategies, initiatives, and promotional methods used to promote ecotourism in the two reserves. The research highlights the roles of local stakeholders and their unique contributions to the advancement of ecotourism in these regions.
Unveiling the Potential of Quercetin: Chemistry, Health Benefits, Toxicity, and Cutting-Edge Advances
Authors: A. Ghareeb Mosad , Z. Zayan Abdallah , H. Shari Falah , M. Sayed Ahmed
Published: June 2024

Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential health benefits and versatile applications. This book chapter explores the chemistry of quercetin, shedding light on its molecular structure, biosynthesis, and extraction methods. The chapter delves into the extensive research on the health effects of quercetin, highlighting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective properties. Moreover, the potential risks and toxicity associated with quercetin consumption are thoroughly examined, emphasizing the importance of proper dosage and potential drug interactions. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of recent advances in quercetin development, including nanoformulations, targeted delivery systems, and combination therapies, that hold promise for enhancing its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. This comprehensive exploration of quercetin aims to provide researchers, scientists, and healthcare professionals with valuable insights into its multifaceted nature and potential applications in human health.
Road Maps and Sensor Integration for the Enhancement of Lane-Keeping Assistants
Authors: Pereira Cavalheri Emerson , Carvalho dos Santos Marcelo
Published: June 2024

Current efforts of vehicle manufacturers and research groups in designing and developing safer Intelligent Transportation Systems have revolved around achieving higher levels of driving automation for on-road vehicles. However, current approaches remain unable to assure safe vehicle autonomy in all conditions. Leveraging the communication between the infrastructure, for instance, the road geometry from high-definition maps, and vehicles could be a key enabler of safer Intelligent Transportation Systems. This combination would increase the overall traffic awareness which could benefit current automation approaches. In this study, a new lane-keeping system integrating information from a road map, satellite receiver, and inertial sensors is presented. Tests driving in complex urban environments showed that the proposed system kept the vehicle centered in the lanes during long satellite outages. This result was accomplished with a novel integration between the inertial and road map where the inertial was calibrated by the Map. The position cross-track accuracy upper and lower bounds, at 95% confidence, were 3 and 1 cm from achieving the control limit level (0.1 m) for Intelligent Transportation Location Based Systems. With these results, this work provides a new contribution to increase the robustness of current lane-keeping assistant approaches.
Extraction of Bioactive Peptides from Whey Proteins by Conventional and Novel Technologies
Authors: Kilic Tugba
Published: June 2024

Bioactive peptides show physiological properties in systems such as digestive, cardiovascular, and vascular. Bioactive compounds are found in animal and plant proteins. However, peptides obtained from milk proteins have better biological activity in terms of amino acid composition and sequence. It is important to industrially evaluate bioactive peptides after proper extraction, purification, and identification. There are conventional (enzymatic hydrolyzation and fermentation) and novel methods (ohmic heating, ultrasound and microwave) for the extraction of bioactive peptides. Novel extraction methods increase the degree of hydrolysis of peptides, making them more efficient, and peptides with high activity are obtained. The extraction method of bioactive peptides to be extracted from whey is important, and the method to be chosen must be evaluated in all its aspects. This chapter includes literature data on the importance of whey proteins, bioactive peptides, and extraction methods of bioactive peptides from whey.
Dermoscopy of Actinic Lichen Planus in Skin of Color
Authors: Kelati Awatef , Rasso Asmae , Chiheb Soumiya
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Actinic Lichen Planus (ALP) is a rare photosensitive variant of lichen planus. Four subtypes can be distinguished: pigmented, annular (AALP), plaque-like and dyschromic ALP. Methods: This is a retrospective; descriptive and analytical study investigating the dermoscopic patterns of different subtypes of ALP in skin of color. Results: Sixteen adult patients were included in this study; the majority of them were young females; while five patients with the pigmented subtype of ALP were more than 50 years old. This subtype was more prevalent in patients with phototype IV. AALP was described in men with a very dark phototype. In pigmented melasma-like ALP, dermoscopy showed an annular granular pattern, white reticular and circular  Wickham striae (WS) with hypopigmentation lacking skin creases, dots inside circles; and an eccentric pigmentation on circles. In  AALP, annular, circular WS; and perifollicular white halos with follicular plugs were described. The black hole pattern with dotted vessels was seen in the dyschromic ALP. White-yellow-bluish WS were noticed in plaque-type ALP with circumferential radial lines at the periphery.  Conclusions: This descriptive study of dermoscopic patterns of various subtypes of ALP in skin of color highlighted new dermoscopic descriptions that vary according to the clinical variant or the morphology; lesions distribution; and phototype. Also, many epidemiological differences were found between our results and the literature concerning the older age of onset in melasma-like pigmented ALP, and the male predominance in annular ALP.
Triamcinolone Injection in the Treatment of Malar Edema
Authors: Barańska-Rybak Wioletta , Świerczewska Zuzanna , Lemiec Agnieszka , Walker Lee
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Tear-through deformities can be a detectable sign of facial aging. Over recent years, minimally invasive procedures such as hyaluronic acid filler injections have been shown to be effective in improving this area. Malar edema is the accumulation of fluid over the malar eminence persisting for 1 month or more. Given its nature, the management remains problematic. The most commonly reported treatment modality is injection with hyaluronidase. Objectives: To determine the safety and efficacy pf triamcinolone injection in the treatment of malar edema. Methods: A total of 15 female patients with malar edema, with a mean age of 43.77 years, were treated with triamcinolone injections. The volume injected was chosen by the investigator. Prior to the triamcinolone injection, all patients had been treated with hyaluronidase, which turned out to be ineffective in all cases. Patients were asked to note all adverse effects. Results: Satisfactory results were achieved after a single treatment session for 14 patients and after two treatments for one patient. Overall, injections with triamcinolone were well tolerated and no adverse reactions were reported. Conclusions: Injection with triamcinolone appears to be a safe and effective option for the management of malar edema following hyaluronic acid filler injection. Nevertheless, further research with larger patient groups is compulsory.
Tape Stripping — Searching for Minimally Invasive Biomarkers in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Zysk Weronika , Trzeciak Magdalena
Published: June 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is nowadays entering a new era of more targeted treatments. However, to make personalized medicine, which we are currently striving for, a reality, a reliable set of validated biomarkers is needed. The most practical seem to be biomarkers that can be obtained easily and minimally invasively. Tape stripping (TS) is a method that provides such an opportunity. This review summarizes the potential biomarkers of AD identified by the minimally invasive TS method. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-13, CC chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17)/thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and stratum corneum (SC) lipids can be used as predictive biomarkers for AD occurrence. CCL17/TARC also holds great promise for being reliable biomarkers for AD severity as well as treatment response.Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) which high expression is specific for psoriasis may be a good biomarker for differential diagnosis between psoriasis and AD in challenging clinical situations.AD children with food allergy (FA) have a unique endotype characterized by selectively altered expression of various molecules in the skin that can indicate FA coexistence. Unfortunately, although numerous potential biomarkers have been found, none of these candidates have been validated and implemented into routine clinical practice, which still separates us from the possibility of a precise approach to AD patients.
Retrospective Analysis of Onychomycosis Risk Factors Using the 2003-2014 National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Shah Vrusha , Desai Amar , Lipner Shari
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, is associated with significant morbidity and negative impact on quality of life. Therefore, understanding associated risk factors may inform onychomycosis screening guidelines. Objectives: This retrospective study investigated common demographic and comorbidity risk factors among hospitalized patients using the National Inpatient Sample. Methods: The 2003-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was used to identify onychomycosis cases and age and sex matched controls in a 1:2 ratio. Chi-square tests and T-tests for independent samples were utilized to compare categorical and continuous patient factors. Demographic and comorbidity variables significant (p<0.05) on univariate analysis were analyzed via a multivariate regression model with Bonferroni correction (p<0.0029). Results: 119,662 onychomycosis cases and 239,324 controls were identified. Compared to controls, onychomycosis patients frequently were White (69.0% vs. 68.0%; p<0.001), Black (17.9% vs. 5.8%; p<0.0001), and insured by Medicare or Medicaid (80.1% vs. 71.1%; p<0.0001). Patients had greater hospital stays (9.69 vs. 5.39 days; p<0.0001) and costs ($39,925 vs. $36,720; p<0.001) compared to controls. On multivariate analysis, onychomycosis was commonly associated with tinea pedis (OR: 111.993; p<0.0001), human immunodeficiency virus (OR: 4.372; p<0.001), venous insufficiency (OR: 6.916; p<0.0001), and psoriasis (OR: 3.668; p<0.001). Conclusion: Onychomycosis patients had longer hospital stays and greater costs compared to controls. Black patients were disproportionately represented among cases compared to controls. Onychomycosis was associated with tinea pedis, venous insufficiency, human immunodeficiency virus, psoriasis, obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), peripheral vascular disease, and diabetes with chronic complications, suggesting that inpatients with onychomycosis should be screened for these conditions.
Dermoscopy Use in Africa: Determinants and Challenges
Authors: Enechukwu Nkechi , Ogunbiyi Adebola , Kelati Awatef , Sadek Ahmed , Traoré Ibrahima , Mavura Daudi
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Dermoscopy has evolved over the years beyond distinguishing benign pigmented lesions from melanoma to diagnosing virtually all diseases in dermatology. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates its utility in improving diagnostic accuracy, reducing unnecessary biopsies and lesion monitoring. Dermoscopy is widely used in Western nations, hence most descriptions of lesions in literature are predominantly on Fitzpatrick skin types I-III.  Current evidence shows that there are unique dermoscopic features in the dark skin as a result of pigment and pathological reactions. Nationwide surveys and reports have been conducted across several continents to highlight prevalence and factors influencing dermoscopy use with the hope of maximizing its apparent benefits. There are currently no such reports from Africa. Objective: To evaluate dermoscopy use and its determinants among dermatologists in Africa. Method: A cross-sectional study. Online forms were e-mailed to individual practicing dermatologists and members of the African Society of Dermatologists and Venereologists. Results: There were 196 respondents from 24 African countries. Half of them used dermoscopy. Training, practice settings and location, provision of dermatoscopes by institutions and knowledge of criteria were notable significant determinants. Multiple training exposures, knowledge of criteria, availability of dermatoscopes, use of both hand-held and videodermatoscopes, average number of patients seen per day, and a positive outlook towards dermoscopy were significant determinants of frequency of use. Leading impediments were lack of training and inadequate dermatoscopes in practice. Conclusion: Dermoscopy use in Africa is relatively low. Incorporating dermoscopy training into the curriculum with provision of dermatoscopes by training institutions will promote wider usage.
Can thiệp đặt stent động mạch cảnh: thực hành hiện tại và xu hướng phát triển tương lai
Authors: Bùi Nguyên Tùng , Nguyễn Quốc Thái , Nguyễn Ngọc Quang
Published: June 2024

Hẹp động mạch (ĐM) cảnh đoạn ngoài sọ là một trong những nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây đột quỵ thiếu máu não, chiếm đến 15% trên tổng số các nguyên nhân. Ở các bệnh nhân này nếu không được điều trị dự phòng thứ phát thì tỷ lệ tái phát trong vòng 14 ngày đầu lên đến 11,5%. Do đó bên cạnh điều trị nội khoa tối ưu thì can thiệp tái thông ĐM cảnh đóng vai trò quan trọng trong dự phòng tái phát đột quỵ não trên các đối tượng trên.
Đầu những năm 1950, DeBakey lần đầu tiến hành phẫu thuật bóc tách nội mạc ĐM cảnh (CEA). Kể từ đó, CEA đã được chấp nhận rộng rãi như một phương pháp tiêu chuẩn điều trị tái thông ĐM cảnh. Một số thử nghiệm lâm sàng đã chứng minh tính ưu việt của nó so với điều trị nội khoa tối ưu trong phòng ngừa thứ phát. Hơn hai thập kỷ sau đó, vào năm 1981, Klaus Mathias lần đầu tiên thực hiện nong ĐM cảnh bằng bóng qua da. Mặc dù cho kết quả khả quan, nong bóng đơn thuần có tỉ lệ tái hẹp cao, và có thể gây một số biến chứng như lóc tách nội mạc ĐM cảnh và bong mảng xơ vữa gây đột quỵ não. Trên cơ sở các nghiên cứu về lợi ích của stent trong can thiệp ĐM vành, can thiệp đặt stent ĐM cảnh (CAS) đã sớm thay thế cho thủ thuật nong bóng đơn thuần và kể từ năm 1994, CAS đã được áp dụng như một phương pháp tái thông thay thế cho CEA trong nhiều thử nghiệm lâm sàng.
Đặt stent ĐM cảnh ít xâm lấn hơn so với bóc tách nội mạc ĐM cảnh, đồng thời giảm nguy cơ tổn thương dây thần kinh sọ và tụ máu vùng cổ. Phương pháp này cũng có lợi thế hơn bóc tách nội mạc ĐM cảnh ở những bệnh nhân có tổn thương vùng cổ trước đó (do tia xạ, phẫu thuật vùng cổ trước đó), hoặc trong trường hợp vị trí giải phẫu khó tiếp cận (tổn thương ĐM cảnh trong đoạn rất cao, tổn thương ĐM cảnh chung đoạn gần). Đồng thời, những bệnh nhân có nguy cơ cao bị biến chứng tim mạch chu phẫu có thể được hưởng lợi từ can thiệp đặt stent ĐM cảnh do làm giảm nguy cơ nhồi máu cơ tim, là một biến chứng phổ biến sau bóc tách nội mạc ĐM cảnh. Do đó trong 10 năm qua, việc sử dụng CAS đã tăng lên và hiện tại là một thủ thuật thường quy ở các trung tâm can thiệp tim mạch, thần kinh trên toàn thế giới và tại Việt Nam. Bài viết này nhằm cho một cái nhìn tổng quan về  thực hành can thiệp đặt stent ĐM cảnh hiện nay và các xu hướng phát triển trong tương lai.
The role of improving the business environment in agriculture in ensuring the country’s food security
Authors: Askerov R. A.
Published: June 2024

Ensuring food security largely depends on a number of factors, including ensuring sustainable economic growth in agriculture and increasing production. Taking all this into account, it should be noted that improving the business environment in agriculture can play a significant role in preventing internal economic threats to food security. In all countries, regardless of the type and nature of the economic system, the state develops economic programs to ensure food security, and the main goal of these economic programs is, first of all, to improve the current situation in agriculture, achieve sustainable economic growth, as well as the implementation of measures aimed at increasing its productivity. In this regard, it should be particularly noted that a number of state programs aimed at providing the population with reliable food products are being adopted on an ongoing basis in the Republic of Azerbaijan. It should be noted that the formation of a favorable business environment in agriculture implies, first of all, free access of economic entities operating independently of their property ownership to the market of capital and investment resources, provision of necessary state support to commodity producers, providing them with a system of production, market and social infrastructure, as well as the ability to meet the needs of agricultural producers in material and technical resources on effective terms. All this also follows from the process of comparative advantages, but despite all this, the formation of a favorable business environment is important for improving the provision of necessary food, and all this makes the choice of the topic and, consequently, the relevance of the study an objective necessity.
A comparative study of AI-driven techno-economic analysis for grid-tied solar PV-fuel cell hybrid power systems
Authors: Soni Pooja , Vikramaditya Dave  , Sujit Kumar  , Hemani Paliwal
Published: June 2024

The increasing global demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions has led to the integration of “renewable energy sources” and innovative technologies in power generation systems. In this context, “grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV)-fuel cell hybrid power systems” have drawn considerable interest because of their potential to provide reliable and efficient energy generation. However, the complex interaction between solar PV and fuel cell components and the fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources necessitates a comprehensive techno-economic analysis. This research paper presents a comparative study of AI-driven approaches for conducting techno-economic analysis of “grid-tied solar PV-fuel cell hybrid power systems.” The study uses various AI techniques to analyze these hybrid systems' performance, economic viability, and environmental impact.
A study on factors influencing lending decisions for MSMEs by scheduled commercial banks in the CGTSME scheme
Authors: Trivedi Saumya , Sinha Amit , Pratap Singh Satyendra , Singh Ramya
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the dynamics of the credit guarantee and technology support for micro, small, and medium enterprises (CGTSME) scheme in India, focusing on how bankers perceive the scheme and how these perceptions influence their lending decisions for MSMEs. Data were collected from public and private sector banks in four major Indian cities over three months using a questionnaire-based survey strategy. Analysis was conducted using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that the 5Cs (character, capacity, capital, collateral, and conditions) significantly impact bankers’ perceptions of the CGTSME scheme. However, factors such as the creditability of borrowers, availability of financial statements, firm capital size, and guarantee fee payment do not have a significant influence. Interestingly, the margin requirement was found to be a significant factor in shaping bankers’ perceptions. Additionally, the study reveals that bankers’ perception of the CGTSME scheme significantly affects their lending decisions for MSMEs. These results have important implications for policymakers and banks looking to enhance the effectiveness of the CGTSME scheme and improve access to finance for MSMEs. By understanding the factors that influence bankers’ perceptions, policymakers and banks can design more targeted interventions to support MSMEs. Future research could further explore these factors and their impact on bankers’ perception and lending decisions, contributing to a deeper understanding of how to support the growth and development of MSMEs.
A POST COLONIAL READING OF CONTEMPORARY TIBETAN LITERATURE
Authors: Mishra Sanya , Vasan Dr. Preetha
Published: June 2024

While contemporary Tibetan literature is analyzed from an exilic perspective, the question arises whether these texts also function as postcolonial texts of resistance against the Chinese hegemony. The research seeks to find out what are the strategies of resistance and how they are thus employed in engagement with the Chinese rule by contemporary Tibetan writers from exile, Tibet and China. This research employs theories of postcolonial resistance using culture, language and land as in The Empire Writes Back. The selected texts include the short stories “Nyima Tsering’s Tears”, “The New Road Controversy” and “Wink” from Tenzin Dickie’s anthology Old Demons New Deitiesand the poems “A Song from a Distance”, “I am a Dog” and “A Form of Nonsense Dialogue”of Bhuchung D. Sonam. The first section traces the evolution of contemporary Tibetan literature and the possibility of postcolonial analysis. The second, third and fourth sections analyze a short story and a poem each using the subversive themes and techniques of resisting cultural hegemony; self and displacement; and resisting through language. The fifth section comparatively analyses the trajectories of resistance and the stylistic differences in the two genres. The postcolonial framework helps in critical engagement with continued human rights violation, brutality and assimilation carried out by the Chinese state. The research adds to the existing study of contemporary Tibetan literature, an area that is a key to understanding key concerns like exilic experience, Sino-imperialism, violence, marginalization, globalization, environmental destruction, displacement of indigenous communities and cultural imposition.
NATURAL PRODUCTS AS INSPIRATION FOR NOVEL ANTIBIOTICS: CHEMICAL DIVERSITY AND MECHANISM OF ACTION
Authors: Islam Aminul , Bhagawati Hrishikesh , Basumatary Pankaj , Kalita Rupsikha
Published: June 2024

Antibiotic resistance is a pressing global concern, highlighting the need for new and effective antibiotics. Natural products have long been a valuable source of inspiration for the creation of novel anti-microbial agents. This abstract explores the chemical diversity and mechanism of action of natural products as potential antibiotic sources. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms exhibit a wide range of chemical structures and biological activities, offering a vast array of potential antibiotic compounds. Exploring diverse environments, such as rainforests, marine ecosystems, and extreme habitats, has uncovered a rich collection of bioactive natural products. The mechanism of action of natural product antibiotics is often complex, targeting crucial bacterial processes like cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, and membrane integrity. This interference with essential bacterial functions results in robust anti-microbial activity against various pathogens. Numerous natural compounds have demonstrated promising antibacterial activity against drug-resistant strains, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, and ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). Due to their intricate chemical structures, iconic drugs like penicillin, vancomycin, and tetracycline have revolutionised medicine and served as models for the creation of new antibiotics. Utilizing natural products as models for antibiotic development comes with challenges such as sourcing, isolation, structural elucidation, and optimization of pharmacokinetic properties. Technological advances like genome mining, synthetic biology, and combinatorial chemistry have facilitated the discovery and development of antibiotics derived from natural products. This book chapter explores the use of natural products as a source of inspiration for the development of novel antibiotics and understanding their chemical diversity and mechanism of action can develop effective anti-microbial agents to combat the threat of antibiotic resistance.
JOINTS
Authors: Urolagin Dr. Deeparani , Heralagi Purushottam , Burnawal Survi
Published: June 2024

Joints also called as articulation or the articular surface is the connection between bones, ossicles and other hard structures in the body this are the main locomotory organs that differs the living from the non living ones this provide the means for movement this are further classified based on their structural function such as Fibrous joints, Cartilaginous joints, Synovial joints and functional classification as pivot joint, Hinge joint, Saddle joint, Plane joint, Ball and socket joint, Condyloid joint and Gliding joint. The main function of this are Abduction, Flexion, Adduction, Internal rotation and external rotation
A STUDY OF RISE IN DEPRESSION AMONG STUDENTS IN SOLAPUR CITY
Authors: Kamble Pratik Anil
Published: June 2024

Depression is considered a common and serious mood disorder which results in a sudden change in feelings, sadness, fear, hunger, no-hunger, mood swings and hopelessness, depression results in various aspects which is the interrelation of psychological, social, and biological factors. Depression leads to weight gain and weight loss, difficulty sleeping, loss of energy, difficulty thinking, improper communication, lack of concentration, feelings of worthlessness, loneliness, excessive guilt, and attempts to suicide. Depression is among one of the top mental health concerns, and the rate of depression among people continues to rise in their life depending upon the situations which occur around them and within them. The increasing rates of depression may be due to increased awareness or increased incidence not yet cleared, but it is leading to a serious problem in the life of humans. Students face new challenges in their academic duration, such as making independent decisions, about their lives, and studies, adjusting to the academic challenges, environment, job seeking and interacting with various range of new people in universities and hostels. For academic fulfilment, many students mostly leave their homes for the first time and stay in hostels, which distances them from their family & friends' support and many of them fail to adjust to new situations. These certain life changes can affect the mental health and well-being of students. The possibility of experiencing common psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and stress, which increase right from adolescence and get quite critical in early adulthood around age 25-30. This research paper highlights the rise in depression among students, to calculate the depression researcher has used a standardised scale of ZUNG SELF–RATING DEPRESSION SCALE, which helped the researcher to study the rise in depression among students.
GOVERNANCE AND POLITICS IN THE SRIMALAPURANA
Authors: Patel Dr. Surekha K.
Published: June 2024

Purana is a vast genre of Indian literature about a wide range of topics, particularly about legends and other traditional lore. The Puranas are known for the intricate layers of symbolism depicted within their stories. Composed originally in Sanskrit and in other Indian languages, several of these texts are named after major Hindu gods such as Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma, and Adi Shakti. The Puranic genre of literature is found in both Hinduism and Jainism. The Puranic literature is encyclopedic, and it includes diverse topics such as cosmogony, cosmology, genealogies of gods, goddesses, kings, heroes, sages, and demigods, folk tales, pilgrimages, temples, medicine, astronomy, grammar, mineralogy, humor, love stories, as well as theology and philosophy. The content is highly inconsistent across the Puranas, and each Purana has survived in numerous manuscripts which are inconsistent. The Hindu Maha Puranas are traditionally attributed to "Vyasa", but many scholars considered them likely the work of many authors over the centuries; in contrast, most Jaina Puranas can be dated and their authors assigned. This chapter is a sincere effort to justify governance and politics as depicted in the Srimalapurana.
FROM MARINE ORIGIN TO NANO WORLD: UTILISATION OF AQUATIC RESOURCES IN DEVELOPMENT OF METAL NANOPARTICLES
Authors: K.R Sreelakshmi , C.O Mohan , J Bindu
Published: June 2024

Metal nanoparticles synthesised using green technologies can be utilised for biomedical and other environmental applications. Better ways of utilisation of aquatic resources will help to design new technologies of sustainable nature. Aquatic organisms are rich in bioactive and reducing compounds and can effectively be used for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. The compounds like chitosan, collagen, gelatin and fish oil from fish waste help in synthesising nanoparticles under both thermal and non-thermal treatments. The extractives from some aquatic organisms can reduce the metal ions without any chemical supplementation. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles was also possible using the phytoconstituents from seaweeds. The marine microbes can synthesise the nanoparticles both intracellularly and extracellularly. These technologies can be scaled up to meet different industrial applications. This review explains the production strategies of metal nanoparticles using different marine compounds and also their applications.
SMART COATINGS IN THE PAINT AND COATINGS INDUSTRY AND FUTURE TRENDS
Authors: Demir Funda , Polat Gülden
Published: June 2024

Technological and scientific developments pave the way for new developments in the field of coating as it affects many areas of life. While coatings are mostly used for physical protection and decorative purposes, a variety of functional smart coatings have emerged with these technological and scientific developments. Smart coatings can be defined as coatings that respond automatically to external mechanical, chemical, or physical stimuli. The variety and usage areas of smart coatings, which provide benefits such as energy saving, longer lifespan, and safer structures, are increasing over time. In this study, smart and functional coatings are defined, the research for the smart coatings market is summarized and the functions and working principles of various smart coatings are examined.
ACTIVATED CARBON: RECENT PROGRESS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Soonmin Ho
Published: June 2024

Activated carbon has a larger surface area and well-developed porosity. It could be served as an absorbent to absorb unwanted materials. Synthesis of activated carbon is carried out via carbonization, physical activation, or chemical activation process. Precursors could be from agri-food industry wastes, municipal wastes, wood, and agricultural wastes. During the production of activated carbon, activating agent will be employed to develop porosity. Research findings indicated that an alkaline hydroxide was used for highly ordered (anthracites)whilezinc chloride and phosphoric acid were employed for low-ordered precursors (lignocellulosic), respectively. Freundlich model and Langmuir isotherm were applied to multi-layer and mono-layer adsorption, respectively. In conclusion, the adsorption capacity (dyes, heavy metals, carbon dioxide and organic pollutants) was strongly depended onto experimental conditions.
A JOURNEY THROUGH GENERATIVE POETRY: A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF GENERATIVE POETRY'S ODYSSEY
Authors: K J Sathwik
Published: June 2024

The work explores the evolution of AI-generated poetry from its early stages to its current state, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements in the field. It delves into the historical development of AI poetry, tracing its origins from the early days of computer science to recent breakthroughs in generative writing. The work discusses notable programs such as RATTLE, ELIZA, LILIPUTIANS, RACTER, GNARL, and the Cybernetic Poet, shedding light on their methodologies and contributions to the intersection of technology and artistic expression. It emphasizes the role of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in shaping the trajectory of AI poetry, showcasing how NLP techniques have been employed to imbue machines with the ability to generate verses that evoke emotions and resonate with readers. The work also examines the influence of deep learning models like GPT-3 in generating high-quality text, with an emphasis on their potential to produce AI-generated poetry that closely resembles human-authored works. Furthermore, the work touches upon the limitations of AI-generated poetry, acknowledging that while computers can generate text with proper meter and rhyme, evoking genuine human emotions remains a challenge. It explains that computers rely on patterns and existing data to create poetry and lack true comprehension of emotions.
COLLECTIVE CONSCIOUS IN THE NOVEL ‘THE GODOF SMALL THINGS’
Authors: Jayaramudu Mr. K.
Published: June 2024

The God of small things was a novel written in 1997 by booker prize winner Arundhati Roy. The novel primarily talks about the multiple issues which are happening around us and creating such chaotic situation have become human’s inheritance in post-colonial India. Though, India has become freed from colonizers still some roots prevalent in society’s mind, so these things are clearly shown in the novel. Here the writer is even though in Globalized Era how she portrayed the characters through some cultural constraints, of course these cultural constraints have become finger points in the novel to show what is happening around us. Roy particularly focused on contemporary issues which become primordial in individual’s life. As Rabindranath Tagore says in Gitanjali that the great world has been broken down into several narrow domestic walls such as caste, class, race, women subjugation, community, creed and other beliefs. These are all the most crucial and primary instruments that The God of Small Things uses to illustrate its points. Generally discrimination has the potential to occur on the basis of any difference. It is a natural consequence that happens in any society whether it is India or other countries. on the whole in this paper, we are going to make a different attitude on different perspective by using the Archetypal criticism in the writings Arundhati Roy. This paper technically tries to present that how archetypes become part of writer’s mind, When the author lives in society because of the totality of the cultural constraints happened in the novel. That we are going to look into them in the paper.
CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI, FUNCTIONAL COLUMNS/ COMPONENTS, AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Jashanpreet Kaur Miss.
Published: June 2024

Neuroanatomy is a vast subject to study and knowledge of cranial nerves gives bounce points in the subject. In this chapter, there is a general introduction of all the cranial nerves with their names. After that there is discussion on the development of functional components of all the cranial nerves in the spinal cord and brainstem individually. The material was referred from the previous papers, books and journals. The knowledge of development is mandatory to understand the functions of each cranial nerve. Then the details of each cranial nerve with their functional component, location of nerve nuclei, their course and most important their clinical aspects are written in text and also in tabulated form for quick revision.
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MODERN MEDICINE: THERAPEUTIC INNOVATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Singh Dr. Brij Nandan , Kumar Dr. Nandlal , Yadav Dr. Ramesh , Singh Dr. Desh Nidhi
Published: June 2024

Nanotechnology has ushered in a novel age of medical advancement. Nanotechnology employs principles from physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering to manipulate nanoscale materials to create novel medical instruments for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. This abstract provides a concise overview of the contributions of nanotechnology to modern medicine, focusing on the advancements in therapy and their practical implementation. The field of nanotechnology has enhanced the process of administering drugs. Liposomes, micelles, and nanoparticles are vehicles that enable precise drug delivery. Improving accuracy enhances therapy's effectiveness and diminishes adverse effects, thus addressing a persistent issue in pharmaceutical administration. Nanocarriers can surmount biological obstacles, penetrate tissues, and accumulate in areas affected by illness, enhancing the efficacy of cancer and infectious disease therapies. Nanotechnology has significantly improved the fields of imaging and diagnostics. Nanoparticles engineered with imaging agents may accurately observe minuscule characteristics, facilitating the early detection of illnesses. Quantum dots, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles accurately visualize cellular and molecular processes. These little imaging instruments enable medical professionals to identify early medical conditions swiftly and precisely. Nanotechnology is crucial in advancing regenerative medicine by facilitating tissue formation and repair. Scaffolds and nanoparticles imitate the extracellular matrix, promoting cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. These developments have significant implications for medical conditions that necessitate organ transplants or tissue repair, offering a solution to the limitations of conventional transplantation techniques. Nanosensors incorporated into medical equipment can detect physiological signs at the molecular level. It impacts customized medicine, as treatment strategies may be modified according to individual reactions. Nanotechnology-based sensors integrated into wearable devices enable the continuous and non-intrusive monitoring of health indicators for health surveillance purposes. In summary, nanotechnology has significantly transformed medicine through several medical breakthroughs and tangible implementations. Nanotechnology impacts medication's precise administration, medical image visualization, and regenerative medicine development. It has the potential to revolutionize medical treatments by enhancing precision, effectiveness, and customization for individual patients.
THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION IN HEALTHCARE: A GLIMPSE INTO THE FUTURE
Authors: Jain Dr. Somya , Kak Dr. Sareen
Published: June 2024

The healthcare industry is in a state of profound transformation due to rapid integration of digital technologies. The digital revolution is causing a paradigm shift in the healthcare industry, encouraging innovation, and eventually improving patient outcomes. One of the main drivers of this development has been the introduction of electronic health records, or EHRs, which allow for easy data interchange and interoperability across healthcare providers. Improved decision-making, customised treatment plans, and enhanced collaboration across multidisciplinary healthcare teams are all made possible by real-time access to patient data. Furthermore, new directions in predictive analytics, early disease detection, and precision medicine have been made possible by the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms into healthcare processes. Expanding healthcare accessible through telemedicine has shown to be a potent tool, especially in underserved or remote places. The digital revolution has made it easier to obtain healthcare and improve patient participation by enabling telehealth platforms, virtual consultations, and remote monitoring. Reactive healthcare is being replaced with proactive healthcare through the use of Wearable technology, sensors, and mobile applications that enable people to take an active role in their own health management. Personalised medicine and genomics have advanced as a result of the digital revolution. Using complex algorithms in conjunction with genetic data analysis, genetic predispositions can be identified, allowing for customised treatment regimens depending on each patient's distinct genetic composition. Precision medicine is a paradigm shift that has the potential to maximise positive outcomes while reducing negative ones. The healthcare industry's digital transformation raises ethical, legal, and societal issues that need to be carefully considered as it develops. To fully use digital technology and maintain patient safety, data security, and fair access to healthcare services, it is imperative to strike a balance between innovation and ethical issues. In summary, the digital revolution in healthcare is a disruptive force that has enormous potential to enhance accessibility, improve patient outcomes, and optimise the delivery of healthcare. To fully realise the promise of this paradigm change in healthcare, stakeholders must work together to Overcome obstacles as the integration of digital technology spreads.
OROPHARYNGEAL CANCERS
Authors: Himthani Dr. Manisha
Published: June 2024

Oropharyngeal cancer is a global health concern, with a significant incidence of 98,400 new cases and 48,100 deaths reported in 2020. This synopsis explores the intricate landscape of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), emphasizing the impact of risk factors such as smoking, alcohol, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Notably, HPV-positive OPSCC exhibits a more favorable prognosis, leading to a paradigm shift in the AJCC's 8th edition staging. Clinical manifestations vary based on tumor location, with predominant occurrences in the tonsillar region or base of the tongue. HPV-positive cases often present with a neck mass, while HPV-negative cases may involve pain, swallowing difficulties, and a distinctive "hot potato voice." Systemic symptoms include fatigue and weight loss. Thorough clinical evaluation, encompassing history, physical examination, and laboratory workup, is pivotal for accurate staging. Radiological assessments, including CT, MRI, and PET CT scans, play a crucial role in determining the extent of the disease. CT scans offer cost-effective advantages, while MRI excels in soft tissue evaluation. PET CT scans, superior in nodal assessment, contribute significantly to staging accuracy. Pathological evaluation, through biopsy and p16 testing, distinguishes between HPV-positive and HPV- negative OPCs, guiding treatment decisions. The evolving landscape of OPC treatment reveals a historical transition from surgery to radiation and chemotherapy, with advancements in techniques like Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) and immunotherapy. Ongoing trials explore de-escalation strategies, focusing on chemotherapy and radiation dose reduction, reflecting a shift toward personalized treatment approaches. In conclusion, oropharyngeal cancers demand comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. With rising cases, particularly in the younger population, understanding the nuances of HPV-related differences is crucial for effective management. As technological and therapeutic advancements continue, the future promises a more tailored and individualized approach to tackle this challenging disease.
DIAGNOSTIC AIDS FOR OROFACIAL CLEFT DEFECTS
Authors: Pathivada Dr. Lumbini , Pallavi Dr. B
Published: June 2024

Orofacial clefts also known as cleft lip and palate these are the birth defects occurring due to improper development and fusion of tissues from each side of the head towards the center of the face creating a disjunction between tissues causing defects post natally. These incomplete slits or spaces can be small as hairline clefts in the lips or palate or can lead to the absence of a part or complete hard or soft palate, alveolus, lips etc. These defects often cause problems like ear infections and altered teeth eruption or malocclusion. Presence of orofacial clefts can also hamper speech and hearing. These orofacial clefts need treatment for the better functioning of an individual. They can be diagnosed with routine transabdominal ultrasound as early as 13 to 18 weeks of pregnancy. However certain types of clefts like submucous cleft palate, bifid uvula etc. might not be diagnosed until later in life. For this very purpose recent modalities of orofacial cleft detection were introduced which are the modification of the pre-existing ultrasound these newer diagnostic aids are - colour Doppler ultrasonography, angled isolation and 3D ultrasound, 2D ultrasonography with 3Drivers face view. Foetal MRI can also be used for the same purpose. With the advent of these recent diagnostic aids precise detection of cleft anomalies are practicable which would further aid in communicating the cleft related birth defects to the expecting parents giving them a better inside of the condition of their growing foetus.