bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN FAKTOR RISIKO RETINOPATI DIABETIK PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL
Authors: Risviani Darayani , Decroli Eva , Arisanty Dessy
Published: February 2025

Retinopati diabetik adalah komplikasi diabetes melitus dalam jangka waktu panjang yang ditandai dengan rusaknya mikrovaskular pada retina. Retinopati diabetik merupakan komplikasi yang paling penting karena memiliki insiden yang sangat tinggi, mencapai 40-50% pada pasien diabetes, dan memiliki efek yang sangat buruk untuk penglihatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran derajat keparahan, kadar glukosa, lama pasien menderita DM, jenis kelamin, usia, tekanan darah, dan profil lipid pada penderita DM tipe 2 dengan kejadian retinopati diabetik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder pasien retinopati diabetik yang tercatat di rekam medik.  Berdasarkan faktor resiko kadar glukosa darah puasa terbanyak tidak terkontrol (65,6%), tidak ada perbedaan berdasarkan lama pasien menderita DM tipe 2 antara durasi < 8 tahun dan ≥ 8 tahun, menurut jenis kelamin terbanyak pada perempuan (53,1%), menurut usia terbanyak pada usia ≥ 45 tahun (68,8%), menurut tekanan darah lebih banyak terkontrol (71,9%), menurut profil lipid lebih banyak pada profil lipid tidak terkontrol (78,1%). Faktor risiko retinopati diabetik terdapat lebih banyak pada glukosa darah dan tekanan darah terkontrol, perempuan, usia ≥ 45 tahun, tidak terdapat perbedaan durasi lama pasien menderita DM, dan profil lipid tidak terkontrol.
Implikasi Hukum bagi Perseroan yang Mengabaikan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham
Authors: Adinda Ofi Salsabila Putri  , Anandyta Putri Wardhana  , Arvina Pradita Mufidatul Khusnah
Published: February 2025

A Limited Liability Company (LLC) plays a pivotal role in the economic landscape, with the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) being one of its most vital organs. The GMS serves as a forum for making strategic decisions, overseeing company performance, and ensuring transparency and accountability. This study investigates the legal implications for companies, specifically PT. Pitala Gunawan Raya, that neglect to convene GMS as required by the Limited Liability Company Law. Using normative legal research with statute and case approaches, the study identifies gaps in the regulatory framework that need addressing to strengthen corporate governance and economic growth.
Efektivitas Arbitrase dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Proyek Infrastruktur
Authors: Herlambang Herlambang
Published: February 2025

The resolution of disputes in infrastructure projects requires an effective mechanism to ensure smooth project implementation. The fraudulent bank guarantee case in the Pandaan-Malang Toll Road project revealed weaknesses in public procurement oversight, where PT Setdco submitted a falsified bank guarantee, potentially causing losses to the Ministry of Public Works (PU) amounting to IDR 26.09 billion. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism in this case. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach, utilizing primary data such as arbitration documents and contracts, and secondary data from legal literature and media reports. The findings indicate that arbitration conducted through BANI provided a fast, fair, and binding solution for the disputing parties. However, the effectiveness of arbitration relies on the supervision of award implementation and regulations supporting accountability. In conclusion, arbitration can be a reliable mechanism for resolving infrastructure disputes if supported by an adequate system.
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Desa Di Desa Oeletsala Kecamatan Taebenu Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Donald Finit  , Rafael Rape Tupen  , Megi Octaviana Radji
Published: February 2025

Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2020 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2020, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2021 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 02 of 2022 Oeletsala Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM-DESA) for 2022-2027, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2022 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021,  Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2023 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for the 2022 Fiscal Year. This research is an empirical legal research based on events that occur in the field and research conducted directly. The sources of research data are primary data, secondary data and tertiary data. The analysis of legal materials uses analysis to test data from specific to general which is carried out in a juridical-qualitative manner and presented in a descriptive form. The results of the study show that: (1). Community participation is the active participation of community members as individuals, groups, or communities in joint decision-making, program planning and implementation, as well as the process of community development inside and outside the community. The basics of emotional awareness and responsibility. (2). internal obstacles to community participation in the formation of Oeletsala Village Regulations, related to low knowledge and education factors and community work factors that take up a lot of time, external community participation in the formation of Village Regulations, namely related to the role of the Oletsala Village government in building relationships with the community.
Pendaftaran Hak Cipta Lagu sebagai Objek Jaminan Fidusa
Authors: Kadek Arya Oka Sumantara  , I Wayan Novy Purwanto
Published: February 2025

Song or Music Copyright with the provisions stipulated in Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees, explains that "Song copyrights can be used as Fidusa Guarantees, however in practice, banks refuse to process loans originating from songs and music because so far there are no songs and music that are guaranteed to get a loan, as stipulated in Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Banking. The purpose of this study is to (1) find out how the classification of song copyrights that can be registered as objects of fidusa guarantees, and (2) find out the model of legal arrangements for song copyrights that are registered as fidusa guarantee objects carried out by banks. The research used to examine this issue is of a normative juridical type and uses statutory and comparative approaches. Indonesian copyright law forms the basis of the legal information used in this research. Some of the data used in this study were collected from various journal papers on song copyright as well as findings from studies on copyright laws. The research findings show that (1) the Copyright Law does not sufficiently explain or describe the process for registering a song copyright as a fidusa guarantee and (2) the Bank's legal policy regarding song copyrights as a fidusa guarantee is based on Article 16 paragraph (3) of the Copyright Law.
Peran Mahkamah Agung dalam Menegakkan Prinsip Keadilan dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia
Authors: Dimas Gibran Satrio Utomo
Published: February 2025

The Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung or MA) plays a central role in upholding the principle of justice as the final stronghold in Indonesia's judicial system. This article examines the role of the MA in ensuring substantive justice, efficiency, and transparency in judicial processes, as well as its contribution to the development of law and public policy. Using a qualitative review analysis approach, the discussion explores the MA’s functions in case resolution, safeguarding integrity, improving accessibility through technologies like e-court, and addressing globalization challenges. This article also highlights the MA's protection for vulnerable groups, such as indigenous communities and victims of discrimination, and its responses to cross-border issues like cybercrimes and human rights violations. The conclusion reveals that while the MA has made significant progress in enforcing the law, challenges such as case overload, perceptions of corruption, and gaps in access to justice remain critical concerns. Continuous reforms, enhancing judges' professionalism, and technological innovation are key measures to ensure the MA remains relevant and effective in delivering substantive justice for society.
Terrorism Law Enforcement in Indonesia: Integrating Pancasila in The Fight Against Modern Threats
Authors: Muhamad Zarkasih  , Sri G M Hatta  , Timbo Mangaranap Sirait  , Wagiman Wagiman
Published: February 2025

The evolving threat of terrorism in Indonesia has led to the development of counterterrorism laws aimed at combating both domestic and international terrorist activities. Since the Bali bombings in 2002, Indonesia has enacted a series of legal frameworks, such as Law No. 15 of 2003 and its amendments through Law No. 5 of 2018. However, these laws have raised significant concerns about human rights violations, especially regarding the treatment of detainees, preventive detention, and arbitrary arrests. This study adopts a qualitative research methodology, combining doctrinal legal analysis and empirical data gathered from interviews with legal experts, policymakers, and practitioners. It critically examines the compatibility of Indonesia’s counterterrorism laws with international human rights standards, focusing on their implementation, particularly in relation to the fundamental values of Pancasila—the state ideology of Indonesia, which emphasizes social justice, unity, and human dignity. The results highlight several key challenges, such as the need for stronger oversight mechanisms, more effective deradicalization programs, and a comprehensive approach to online radicalization. The study concludes with recommendations for integrating Pancasila principles more thoroughly into counterterrorism strategies, strengthening international cooperation, and ensuring that security measures do not infringe upon individual rights. By addressing these issues, Indonesia can enhance the effectiveness of its counterterrorism efforts while adhering to its commitment to human rights and social justice.
Implementasi Etika Profesi Hukum untuk ASN di LLDIKTI
Authors: Hariyanto Huntua  , Roy Marthen Moonti  , Ibrahim Ahmad  , Muslim A. Kasim
Published: February 2025

Professional legal ethics plays a crucial role in carrying out the legal profession with integrity and fairness. For Civil Servants (ASN), especially those working at the Higher Education Service Institution (LLDIKTI), the implementation of professional legal ethics becomes even more critical, considering their role as bureaucrats who must uphold legal and ethical values in every decision they make. LLDIKTI is tasked with managing, supervising, and facilitating the organization of higher education in Indonesia, requiring its ASN to always adhere to principles of transparency, justice, and accountability in performing their duties. However, the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI faces various challenges, including potential conflicts of interest, political pressure, complex bureaucracy, and limited human resources. This study aims to analyze the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI and identify the challenges ASN face in applying these ethics. Additionally, the study seeks to provide recommendations on the steps that should be taken to optimize the implementation of professional legal ethics within the ASN environment in LLDIKTI. This research uses a qualitative approach, referring to legal ethics theories developed by Algra (2013) and Winarta (2007), as well as regulations governing ASN, such as Law No. 5 of 2014. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of policies and training that enhance the professionalism and integrity of ASN in LLDIKTI.
Perencanaan Keuangan untuk Mengurangi Risiko Kebangkrutan : Pentingnya Pengelolaan Keuangan, Pencatatan yang Baik, dan Strategi Pengelolaan Arus Kas
Authors: Fahmi Fauzi  , Aida Ulviani Nst  , Layyinatus Shifah  , Sugianto Sugianto
Published: February 2025

Bankruptcy is one of the main threats to business sustainability, especially for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). This article explores the importance of financial planning, accurate record-keeping, and cash flow management strategies to mitigate bankruptcy risks, focusing on a case study of Rumah Makan Fajar Jeumpa. The findings reveal that irregular transaction recording, ineffective cash flow management, and the absence of structured financial strategies are key factors contributing to financial vulnerability. By implementing simple financial record-keeping systems, creating budget projections, and diversifying income sources, MSMEs can enhance operational stability and reduce financial risks. These findings emphasize that comprehensive financial planning, supported by adequate financial literacy, is crucial in ensuring business sustainability and fostering MSME growth.
Pendampingan Penambahan Varian Rasa Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Nilai Jual Produk UMKM Keripik Tempe “Nadhira”
Authors: Aan Zainal Muttaqin  , Arista Eka Lestiana  , Nala Rohmatul Aza
Published: February 2025

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the income of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, prompting business actors to adapt through innovation, particularly in  product variations. This study aims to enhance the marketability of "Nadhira" Tempe Chips products through strategies of adding flavor variations. The methods employed include interviews, discussions, and hands-on practices in product processing. The results indicate that the implementation of attractive lthe addition of flavor variations can enhance product appeal and increase sales turnover. Business actors also demonstrated a better understanding of the importance of product innovation. The implications of this research highlight the necessity for continuous innovation and market research to maintain product relevance amid changing consumer preferences, as well as providing insights for other MSMEs in  similar challenges in the future.
Enhancing Language Literacy for the Children of Rejatengah Village to Achieve Indonesia's Golden Generation in 2045
Authors: Donny Adiatmana Ginting  , Fernando De Napoli Marpaung  , Rosmen Rosmen  , Yunita Sari Adelina  , Muhammad Hassan
Published: February 2025

This article explores a community service initiative aimed at enhancing literacy among children in Rejatengah Village, Indonesia, as part of the national effort to develop Indonesia’s Golden Generation by 2045. The project was conducted by a team from Al Maksum College of Teacher Training and Education over a one-month period, targeting children aged 6 to 9 years. The initiative involved comprehensive educational activities, including literacy assessments, interactive workshops, and parental involvement, to foster a supportive learning environment. Significant improvements in literacy skills were observed, attributed to the innovative teaching methods and community engagement strategies employed. The establishment of a permanent educational resource center has ensured the sustainability of educational efforts, serving as a model for similar interventions in other rural areas. This project not only highlights the critical role of community-based educational programs in enhancing literacy but also demonstrates the potential of such initiatives to contribute to broader national development goals.
Membuat Batik Ecoprint dengan Memanfaatkan Kearifan Lokal untuk Pengembangan Kreatifitas dan Ekonomi Kreatif pada Anak di Desa Marga Bakti
Authors: Darman Syafe’i  , Henny Rosmawati  , Putri Ayu Ogari  , Ratika Sari  , Salsa Nadillah  , Indiana Indiana  , Bagas Rahmadani
Published: February 2025

Ecoprint is a textile printing technique that uses natural materials, such as leaves, flowers, and plant stems, to create patterns on fabric. This method is environmentally friendly, reduces the use of hazardous chemicals, and produces unique motifs that cannot be repeated. The process involves direct contact between organic materials and fabric, similar to batik techniques but without special tools. Ecoprint is increasingly popular in the world of art and fashion as a sustainable alternative. The target of this PKM is children in Marga Bhakti Village, so that they can learn about the dangers of synthetic dyes and natural dyes and foster environmental literacy. The method applied in this PKM activity is to directly train children in Marga Bhakti Village to carry out eco-print activities directly. This activity can improve the knowledge and skills of children in Marga Bhakti Village. By introducing and also practicing eco-printing through eco-print making training attended by children, it will be able to improve creativity, skills and foster environmental literacy.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Gout Arthritis dan Pembuatan Obat Non Farmakologi dengan Jus Nanas dan Madu di Desa Purwodadi Kecamatan Tonjong Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Ahmad Zakiudin  , Tati Karyawati  , Ahmad Akhyarudin
Published: February 2025

Gout arthritis (gout) is a disease that occurs suddenly and repeatedly, characterized by the formation of monosodium uric acid crystal deposits that attack the joints, due to high levels of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia). The aim of this activity is to be able to understand gouty arthritis and the practice of making non-pharmacological drugs from pineapple juice and honey to reduce uric acid levels in the body. This health education can increase the knowledge of Purwodadi village residents to do their best to treat gout arthritis using traditional medicine. Health education for residents can increase knowledge and skills in using simple traditional medicines
Penyuluhan Budikdamber pada Kelompok Ibu Rumah Tangga di Kelurahan Huangobotu Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Nuriman A Anwar  , Ayu Gusasi  , Mutiara Pampaile  , Intan Tri Tiansih Nuna  , Sri Windiyati U Amati  , Fatma Fatma  , Ramdan Piu  , Fahria Utami Thalib  , Taufiq Abdullah
Published: February 2025

Extension on Fish Cultivation in Buckets (Budikdamber) to groups of housewives aims to increase understanding, skills and independence in managing local resources to support family food security. This activity was carried out in Huangobotu Village, Dungingi District, Gorontalo City, using lecture, discussion and live demonstration methods. The material presented includes efficient fish cultivation techniques using buckets as a medium, as well as integration with plants as an integrated agricultural system. The results of the activity showed that participants had high enthusiasm in adopting this simple technology. In addition, they can manage fish and plant cultivation independently in the household environment, which can increase the fulfillment of family food needs. However, several challenges arise regarding water management and selecting appropriate fish feed. This program shows great potential in increasing food security, especially for housewives in urban areas with limited land. The long-term success of this program requires ongoing support in technical aspects and solving problems that arise during the implementation of Budikdamber. Through this program, it is hoped that a community will be created that is more independent in meeting the nutritional needs of the family, as well as playing a role in realizing family-based food security.
Edukasi dan Pelatihan Penggunaan Kompres Hangat untuk Mengatasi Nyeri Payudara pada Ibu Menyusui di PMB Lismarini
Authors: Devina Anggrainy
Published: February 2025

Breast pain is one of the common problems often experienced by breastfeeding mothers, especially in the early stages of lactation. If not treated properly, breast pain can cause discomfort, disruption in breastfeeding, and a decrease in the mother's quality of life. This community service activity aims to provide education about the causes and impacts of breast pain in breastfeeding mothers, train breastfeeding mothers in the effective use of warm compresses to reduce breast pain, improve the quality of life of breastfeeding mothers through proper pain management. The stages of the activity consist of preparation, education, training and evaluation. The results of the activity obtained an increase in the average knowledge score from 60% (pre-test) to 84% (post-test), participants successfully practiced the technique of using warm compresses correctly and several participants reported a decrease in pain after trying the warm compress technique at home for a week. This program has the potential to be further developed by involving a wider community.
Exploring the Relationship Between Teacher Competence and Classroom Management: Implications for Student Engagement in Private Tertiary Educational Institutions in Koronadal City, Philippines
Authors:   Green Valley College Foundation Inc., Rebollos Danilo , Callorina Jerson ,   Green Valley College Foundation Inc., Camino Kheziel ,   Green Valley College Foundation Inc., Dela Cruz Hanna ,   Green Valley College Foundation Inc., Dema-ano Eljay May ,   Green Valley College Foundation Inc.
Published: February 2025

This research explores the relationship between teachers’ competence, classroom management, and student engagement in private tertiary education institutions (PTEIs) in Koronadal City, Philippines. Grounded from the Social Cognitive Theory of Teacher Efficacy (Fernandez et al., 2016) and Haim Ginott's (1965) Responsive Theory (RT), the study adopted a descriptive method and collected data from 370 educators and learners via a validated survey questionnaire utilizing a Likert scale. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between teacher competence and classroom management (τb=0.43, p<.001). However, no significant connections were identified between classroom management and student engagement and, between teacher competence and student engagement. These results challenged the traditional beliefs that teachers' competence and classroom management directly impact students' engagement. Rather, they highlight the complexity of student involvement influenced by cultural, institutional, and systemic factors. The findings emphasize the need for holistic strategies incorporating culturally relevant teaching methods, improved teacher training in social-emotional and digital skills, and robust institutional support frameworks. This research enhances the theoretical understanding of engagement as a complex concept and offers actionable insights for improving educational outcomes in private tertiary education institutions. Future research should employ longitudinal and qualitative approaches to explore the intricate dynamics of these relationships thoroughly. By addressing systemic and cultural contexts, educators and policymakers can establish teaching environments that enhance teacher competence and foster significant student engagement.
An In-Depth Analysis of Advanced Practice Nurses' Roles in Telemedicine: Evaluating the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare Delivery and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Albalwi Wasayif Atallah , Albalawi Shaymaa Atallah , Mikhizne Swasan Ibrahim Ahmed , Aldhafeeri Huda Khalid Ajmi , Alshahrani Samar Nasser , Alotabi Suhail Matla , Alotaibi Tayser Naser Monif , Al Yamani Najal Mohammed , Albeladi Ahlam Saleh , Al-Otaibi Latifa Faihan Ayad , M Alfayez Abdulmajeed Abdulaziz , Alotaibi Abdulaziz Abdullah Faisal , Aleit Mateb Marzoq Matar , Alotaibi Tayseer Naseer Monife
Published: February 2025

Background: The rise of telehealth, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, has transformed healthcare delivery, providing essential services to patients in remote areas. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) are crucial in utilizing telemedicine to enhance patient care. However, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in telehealth remains underexplored. Methods: This scoping review examines the role of advanced practice nurses in telemedicine, focusing on AI-assisted interventions. A systematic search was conducted across six databases, including PubMed and CINAHL, for studies published from 2017 to 2023. The review assessed user satisfaction, perceptions of AI technology, and the effectiveness of AI algorithms in telehealth applications. Results: The review synthesized findings from eight studies that utilized AI technologies in telehealth for nursing practice. The results indicate that AI tools, particularly machine learning algorithms, significantly enhance decision-making and patient outcomes. APNs reported improved patient monitoring and satisfaction levels with AI-assisted telehealth services. However, challenges such as inadequate training and technology acceptance among nurses were identified. Conclusion: The findings underscore the pivotal role of advanced practice nurses in leveraging AI technologies within telemedicine to improve healthcare delivery. Enhanced training and support for APNs are essential to fully realize the potential of AI in telehealth
The Supporting Role of Physiotherapy and Nursing in Promoting Patient Compliance with Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Al Dossari Waad Muslim , Hakami Zahra Hamad , Mhnashi Ageela Abutaleb Ali , Alasmari Hassan Mousa Mohammed , Alasmari Hassan Mohammed Ali , Alahmari Amer Mohammed Amer , Alsharif Hana Ahmed Mohammed , Alshehah Munirah Mohammed , Alsaleh Anwar Saleh , Alalhareth Ibrahim Khudaysh Hameed , Alawlah Bshayer Khalid , Alotaibi Wadha Sharar
Published: February 2025

Achieving optimal outcomes in rehabilitation is contingent on patient adherence to prescribed rehabilitation programs. Non-compliance with rehabilitation protocols is a significant barrier to recovery, and it can result in extended recovery periods, worsened conditions, or even permanent impairment. Successful rehabilitation hinges on a multifaceted approach, where interdisciplinary collaboration plays a critical role in fostering patient compliance. Nursing specialists, nurses, nursing technicians, technician-midwifery professionals, physiotherapists, and physical therapists each bring distinct skills and knowledge to the rehabilitation process, ensuring that patients remain engaged, motivated, and consistent in following rehabilitation instructions. This article explores the multifactorial aspects of patient compliance, emphasizing the supporting roles of different healthcare professionals and how their collaborative efforts can improve patient adherence to rehabilitation programs. Through communication, patient education, emotional support, and customized interventions, these professionals contribute significantly to the promotion of patient compliance, ultimately leading to better rehabilitation outcomes.
Pharmacy Interventions and Laboratory Diagnostics in the Epidemiology of Neglected Tropical Infectious Diseases
Authors: Al Abbas Yahya Salem , Al Haisi Salem Hamed Mani , Al Almushaekh Hassan Ibrahim Hassan , Alahmari Hasel Mohammed Manea , Aljarah Mukled Zaid Saeed , Alkhudaysh Mohammed Nasser Mohammed , Al Fahhad Nashmi Salem , Alotaibi Muneer , Alshehri Abdullah Ali Mohammed , Al muwallad Taiba Ibrahim , Asiri Huda Abdulrheem Mohammed , Ababsah Emad Abdulatif
Published: February 2025

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) comprise a diverse group of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites that predominantly affect impoverished populations in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite their significant impact on public health, NTDs have historically received less attention from both researchers and healthcare systems. Effective management of NTDs requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach that integrates pharmacy interventions and laboratory diagnostics. A diverse team of professionals—pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, epidemiological monitoring technicians, laboratory technicians, and phlebotomists—play critical roles in the control, treatment, and prevention of these diseases. Pharmacists contribute to patient care through medication dispensing, adherence monitoring, and pharmacovigilance, while pharmacy technicians assist with drug distribution and inventory management. Epidemiological monitoring technicians track disease trends, inform surveillance programs, and aid in the response to outbreaks. Laboratory technicians and phlebotomists provide the diagnostic foundation necessary for confirming infections and determining the appropriate treatment regimens. This review article examines the role of each healthcare professional in the epidemiology of NTDs, explores their collaboration in the control of these diseases, and highlights the challenges and opportunities in improving their impact on global health.
Exploring the Impact of Externalization on the Development of Writing Ability among Iraqi EFL Fifth Preparatory Students
Authors: Al-Ghazaly Osama Badri , AL-Jubouri Chassib Fanukh Abbas
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to find out how externalization affected the development of writing skills. Externalization can help students to convert tacit knowledge into explicit one that can be comprehended by others. The participants of the research were fifth preparatory students from Al-Jihad Preparatory School in Babylon, Iraq. The research used an experimental design. The researcher demonstrated that the externalization method is very successful in enhancing pupils' writing performance. This is accomplished by the use of several strategies, including metaphor, analogies, role-play, and storytelling. The data were gathered using a pre-test and post-test methodology. The findings indicate that the experimental group achieved higher scores in the post-test compared to the control group, which was instructed using conventional methods.
India’s Non-Traditional Security Policy: Nexus between Energy And Climate Change
Authors: Zomuanthanga JC , Sailo Lalramliani
Published: February 2025

The energy sector is the largest emitter of GHGs contributing to climate change. Energy and climate change are two dominant concerns for a developing country like India. There lies a dilemma between the need for increased energy use for development and limiting or mitigating emissions from fossil fuels, which brought the importance of energy security while dealing with climate change. India’s response to climate change is guided by its national plans, programs, and priorities and not much by the influence of international actors. Due to its hasty formation and the lengthy approval process, the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) proved inadequate and requires continuous efforts to promote strategic policies. The country’s strategy to face the changing climate must be mission-focused and target-oriented with a strong political will to achieve sustainable development. In turn, energy security will bring national security.
Navigating the Progress and Future Directions of TikTok Research in the Innovative Era: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hasbullah Nornajihah Nadia , Roni Mastura , Hasan Wan Hasmat Wan , Abidin Mohd Isham , Husain Nor Azmawati
Published: February 2025

TikTok is an exponentially growing mobile video platform that has millions of global subscribers. Accordingly, more scientific and empirical studies from various fields have explored the platform. This study examined TikTok using a bibliometric approach, as TikTok studies using bibliometric and network analyses are scarce. This study bridged the research gap by examining the TikTok dynamic expansion from 2019 to 2023 using comprehensive bibliometric and network analysis. The Scopus database yielded 727 articles published in 169 journals, which were analysed using VOSviewer. The analysis highlighted key contributions on the evolution of publications, journals with the most publications, the most productive countries, keyword analysis, and the top three TikTok-related research hotspots. Among the 80 countries examined, the United States, Australia, and China revealed the highest number of publications on TikTok. The journal with the highest h-index was Social Media and Society, while the Journal of Medical Internet Research denoted the highest CiteScore. A cluster analysis of 2238 author keywords determined that the top three TikTok research tiers were related to computer science, arts and humanities, and business management. The analysis also emphasised the number of studies on TikTok. The significant implications for the prospective audience refined the research contribution. This study presented novel contributions to the literature by providing concrete evidence of current TikTok use.
INNOVATION IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE CULTURE THAT AFFECTS THE ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT OF RAJABHAT UNIVERSITY PERSONNEL IN RATTANAKOSIN GROUP
Authors: Janmuangthai Wutipong , Rodjam Chumpon
Published: February 2025

This research aimed to 1 ) Innovation in Human Resource Management that affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group, and 2) Corporate Culture that affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group. The sample group was elderly 368 persons in Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group by simple random sampling, and then use questionnaires to analyze and process with Statistical ready-made programs to find Statistics including Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The finding revealed that;
1. Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group found that the majority of them were female, aged 36 to 45, with a bachelor's degree in single status, working as operational staff. The working period is between 10 to 13 years, with an average monthly income of 35,001 Baht or more, and work at Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University.
2. Innovation in Human Resource Management that affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group Model = 1.419 + ( . 3 5 4 * Training and Development Innovation) + (.188 * Selection and Recruitment Innovation) + (.188 * Planning Innovation) + (.159 * Compensation and Benefits Innovation) + (.179 * Performance Appraisal Innovation) It can be explained, Innovation in Human Resource Management that Affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group Model is 78.3 Percent with a forecast standard tolerance of  .296.
3. Corporate Culture that affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group Model = .666 + (.253 * Innovation and Technology) + (.285 * Stability) + (.175 * Values) + (.150 * Organizational Stories with Underlying Meanings). It can be explained, Corporate Culture that affects the Organization Commitment of Rajabhat University Personnel in Rattanakosin Group Model is 72.9 Percent with a forecast standard tolerance of  .239.
四育融合模式在培养护理本科生临床沟通与自我导向学习能力中的应用
Authors: 罗太珍  , 王文婷  , 任红燕  , 黄淑晓  , 章雪玲
Published: February 2025

罗太珍1，王文婷2，任红燕2，黄淑晓2，章雪玲1,*
1.广州医科大学附属第三医院护理学教研室，广东广州；
2.广州医科大学护理学院，广东广州
摘要：目的：探讨四育融合模式对提升护理本科实习生临床沟通能力及自我导向学习能力的有效性。方法：选取2023年6月至2024年4月在广州市某三甲综合医院临床实习的44名护理本科生为研究对象。采用临床沟通能力量表和自我导向学习能力量表进行评估。运用SPSSAU软件进行统计分析。结果：干预后，护理本科实习生的临床沟通能力为95.64±9.40分，达良好及以上水平占79.54%；自我导向学习能力为229.80±39.64分，达良好水平占70.45%，均显著高于干预前（P＜0.01）。结论：四育融合模式有助于提升护理本科生的临床沟通能力与自我导向学习能力，为护理教育实践提供了新的视角。
Exploratory Study of the Application of Online Learning in Teaching Skills and Microteaching Courses
Authors: Septyan Budy Cahya  , Yoyok Soesatyo  , Siti Sri Wulandari  , Dewie Tri Wijayati Wardoyo
Published: February 2025

The This study aims to explore the implementation of online learning of Teaching Skills and Microteaching courses, focusing on three main aspects: preparation, implementation, and evaluation of learning. This study also considers the challenges that arise due to student involvement in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program, which often affects the consistency of their participation in regular learning. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design. The results showed that online learning was quite effective in conveying teaching skills theory through digital materials and asynchronous activities. However, teaching practice simulations faced several limitations, such as the difficulty of observing non-verbal elements, classroom management, and spontaneous responses of students during online simulations. Technical constraints, especially unstable internet connections, were also major obstacles in implementing learning. In addition, students involved in MBKM reported difficulties in dividing time between program assignments and regular course preparation, which impacted their participation and engagement.
Implementation of Sports Habits through Healthy Gymnastics to Create Great Indonesian Children at UPT SDN Sidorejo 1
Authors: Badri Atul Fikriyah  , Lilis Sintiya Ningsih  , Sayid Husen Des San Wardani  , Wendri Wiratsiwi
Published: February 2025

This article is created as an effort to publish information about the habits implemented by students to form a great Indonesian generation in sports through healthy gymnastics on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Additionally, this article discusses the importance of cultivating sports habits from elementary school age to create a healthy and active lifestyle. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques using library research, where the authors collect various references through journals, articles, and other sources. Gymnastics itself is a type of sport performed en masse, ranging from elementary to high school levels and the general public. In the past, gymnastics was highly cultural, proven by the lack of differences across almost all societal groups - gymnastics was done both in groups and collectively, with young and old, males and females exercising together. This program was also implemented at UPT SDN Sidorejo 1 every day before class, and its results are evident in the emergence of student self-confidence, creative attitudes, and a healthy lifestyle.
Empowering Teachers through the 'Bestari' Learning Community : Enhancing Pedagogical Competence at SMKN Campalagian
Authors: Masdalia Masdalia  , Elpisah Elpisah  , Husain Husain
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the role of the Bestari learning community in enhancing the pedagogical competence of teachers at SMKN Campalagian, Luyo District, Polewali Mandar Regency. This qualitative research uses a descriptive approach. The subjects of the study include the head of the learning community, the school principal, two IPAS subject teachers, and two vocational subject teachers who are also members of the Bestari community. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results show that the Bestari learning community significantly contributes to improving teachers' pedagogical competence. Through intensive collaboration, relevant training, and deep reflection, teachers have become more confident and innovative in addressing educational challenges. Strategic solutions, such as fostering collaboration, promoting the use of technology, and strengthening the community’s role, helped overcome the challenges teachers faced in the classroom. This initiative not only bolstered teachers’ ability to design and implement effective teaching strategies but also empowered them to adapt to changes in the educational landscape, significantly improving their overall pedagogical skills.
Wilno – Komorowo. Nieznana karta z początków dywizji litewsko-białoruskiej
Authors: Filipow Krzysztof
Published: February 2025

Początki tworzenia Dywizji Litewsko-Białoruskiej związane są z tworzeniem armii narodowej powstającego Państwa Polskiego. Jej losy przeplatają się i wiążą nierozerwalnie także z „Samoobroną Litwy i Białorusi", formacją tworzoną na Kresach Wschodnich pod dowództwem gen. dyw. Władysława Wejtki. Formacja ta, będąca w istocie skrytymi oddziałami Wojska Polskiego, wraz z Dywizją Litewsko-Białoruską miały być zbrojnym ramieniem Rzeczypospolitej, wyzwalającym Kresy Wschodnie (w tym wypadku Ziemię Mińską, Wileńską i Grodzieńską) z mroków ponad wiekowej niewoli. Miały one zapewnić przejęcie pod administrację polską tej części „ziem zabranych" przez Imperium Romanowów, z utęsknieniem czekających na powrót do Macierzy oraz ochronę polskiej racji stanu w odniesieniu do nich.
ФАЛСАФИЙ-ИРФОНИЙ ҚАРАШЛАРНИНГ ЖАМИЯТ ҲАЁТИДАГИ ЎРНИ (МАВЛОНО ЖОМИЙ АСАРЛАРИ АСОСИДА)
Authors: Ахатов Лутфилло
Published: February 2025

The essence of philosophical and Irfan views was analyzed with the help of Sufi life and mystical views. The development of Sufism is based on an irrational approach to the philosophical understanding of Sufi ethics.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO NA ESCOLA DO CAMPO, FORMADORA DE SUJEITOS SOCIAIS E DE SUAS VIVÊNCIAS
Authors: Almeida Graciele Cristina de , Araújo Bruna Rafaela Guedes de , Borges Thiago dos Santos , Roverssi Tábata Tatiane Ramalho
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo apresenta o papel da escola do campo na formação dos sujeitos sociais, uma vez que não se detém apenas ao ensino acadêmico, mas também se dispõe a desenvolver uma educação contextualizada, respeitando as especificidades culturais, sociais e econômicas da comunidade rural. Considerar a respeito da importância da educação do campo e da escola no contexto onde ela está instalada. Ao proporcionar uma educação que valorize as especificidades locais e preparar os alunos para os desafios do campo, bem como do mercado de trabalho,  esse aluno deve ser conscientizado que ele tem potencial para ser resultado de mudança, visto que é através de sua ação-construção educativa que as comunidades escolares do campo procuram uma maior integração social, cultural e econômica, além de ser um veículo difusor de conhecimentos e saberes sociais. Compreendeu-se que apesar dos esforços por parte de alguns professores, essa mudança efetiva ainda não acontece no processo educacional, uma vez que fundamentado nos procedimentos adotados, a escola continua formando indivíduos sociais que não estabelecem uma verdadeira identidade com o meio rural. Portanto, para que a essa unidade escolar forme cidadãos críticos e responsáveis, empenhados numa real transformação social é necessário a valorização do espaço agrícola respeitando os saberes socialmente construídos pelos seus indivíduos.
Las estrategias de desarrollo económico del País Vasco: una perspectiva histórica
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Valdaliso Gago Jesús Mª
Published: February 2025

Este artículo trata de ofrecer una primera aproximación a las estrategias de desarrollo económico del País Vasco desde los siglos modernos hasta principios del siglo XXI utilizando como marco analítico el modelo de estrategia territorial elaborado por Aranguren et al. (2012). En un primer apartado se exponen, de forma teórica, los fundamentos de la competitividad de las regiones y los elementos que integran una estrategia territorial, y se señalan las principales dificultades encontradas para aplicar ese modelo al análisis del pasado. A continuación el trabajo analiza, de forma estilizada, las estrategias de desarrollo económico que se observan en el País Vasco antes de 1980, distinguiendo tres grandes etapas: los siglos modernos hasta los orígenes de la I Revolución Industrial, la etapa de la industrialización (1841-1936), y el periodo franquista (1936-1975). En tercer lugar, se examinan las estrategias de desarrollo económico adoptadas en el País Vasco entre 1980 y 2012, un periodo cuya novedad institucional más importante ha sido la creación de una administración regional dotada de un nivel de competencias y autogobierno muy elevados en el contexto europeo. Por último, se avanzan unas conclusiones generales derivadas de esta perspectiva de análisis de muy largo plazo.
Producción científica en nanociencias en la CAPV y transferencia: una relación necesaria desde la innovación
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Barrutia Güenaga Jon , Gómez Uranga Mikel ,   Universidad del País Vasco, Etxebarria Kerexeta Goio ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

Considerando las nanociencias y las nanotecnologías un foco estratégico para la innovación competitiva en una región, el trabajo describe y analiza la dinámica existente entre la producción científica en este ámbito y las señales del contexto regional desde la perspectiva de la transferencia. En este sentido resultan claves los aspectos relacionados con el diseño institucional y organizativo de los «productores científicos». Junto a los mismos, es preciso tener en cuenta también las características globales, de carácter regional, que generan determinadas condiciones de transferencia y facilitan o dificultan la misma. Producción científica y transferencia conforman un binomio explicativo del alcance del potencial innovador existente en este campo para la CAPV, por lo que su análisis podría proporcionar criterios de decisión política al respecto. En el trabajo se han empleado métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos de aproximación a la realidad, se ha entrevistado a los sujetos principales de la producción científica en «nanos» y encuestado a una parte relevante de los mismos.
Transformaciones en la estructura financiera: implicaciones para la financiación de la economía española
Authors:   Bangor University, Carbó Valverde Santiago , García Cabello Julia ,   Universidad de Granada
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se pasa revista a las transformaciones en la estructura del mercado bancario español durante la crisis financiera y sus peculiaridades a la vez que se evalúa el efecto que esos cambios de estructura pudieran tener sobre los canales de financiación de la economía española. En particular, se estudia si la generación de circuitos internos de liquidez de las entidades financieras españolas 'consistentes en la presencia de entidades financieras en distintos mercados regionales' puede afectar a la actividad crediticia de forma significativa. Asimismo, se estudia si los incrementos de la morosidad y sus efectos sobre la oferta de crédito pueden reducirse en alguna medida por la existencia de esos circuitos internos de capital. Los resultados sugieren que la morosidad bancaria genera efectos spillover que hacen que el crédito se reduzca en todas las regiones españolas y no sólo en aquellas más afectadas por la morosidad y el desempleo. Sin embargo, la reestructuración bancaria ha podido afianzar los circuitos internos de capital interregionales lo que puede tener un efecto atenuante sobre el racionamiento de crédito y efectos distributivos positivos en ese crédito a largo plazo.
El sistema bancario y la financiación del crecimiento de la economía vasca
Authors:   Gobierno Vasco, Alberdi Larizgoitia Alberto
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza el papel del sistema bancario en la financiación del impresionante proceso de crecimiento registrado por la economía vasca desde 1980 y en particular durante el último ciclo que desembocó en la Gran Recesión. El análisis muestra cómo a pesar de la relativa solvencia de su posición exterior, la economía vasca también ha participado activamente de la ola de financiarización que condujo a la crisis con un desmedido crecimiento del crédito, especialmente debido al boom hipotecario, y también a las inversiones financieras dirigidas a la conformación de grupos empresariales. Tras la crisis y el desplome del crédito se aprecian también signos de restricción crediticia (credit crunch) y escasez de capital (capital crunch) que ante las nuevas exigencias regulatorias puede añadir nuevas dificultades a la recuperación económica.