bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Penyiraman Toilet Otomatis untuk Menjaga Kebersihan di Sekolah
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Reinaldy Reinaldy , Perdana Prasetya Perwira Putra
Published: December 2024

Siswa di sekolah pada umumnya memiliki berbagai aktivitas seperti belajar, olahraga, dan bermain. Saat melakukan aktivitas tersebut, beberapa siswa kadang ingin buang air kecil atau besar. Namun, mereka sering enggan menggunakan toilet sekolah karena kondisinya kotor, bau, pintu rusak, lampu tidak ada atau rusak, serta lantai yang berkerak. Banyak siswa memilih menahan buang air kecil atau besar daripada menggunakan toilet tersebut. Penyebab utama toilet yang kotor adalah perilaku siswa yang tidak menyiram setelah menggunakannya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dirancang penyiram kloset otomatis berbasis sensor dengan sistem kerja praktis dan modern menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino. Proses desain rekayasa dilakukan dengan pendekatan yang memperhatikan kebutuhan pengguna sebagai prioritas, menggunakan observasi etnografis untuk menghasilkan solusi berbasis teknologi yang sesuai kebutuhan. Stanford Design School memperkenalkan Design Thinking dalam proses inovasi, yang dimulai dengan observasi sosial, brainstorming, hingga menemukan inovasi teknologi yang tepat. Perakitan prototipe dan uji fungsi bersama calon perngguna adalah bagian akhir dari proses.
Perancangan Sistem Ruang Kelas Cerdas Berbasis Arduino di SD Negeri 011 Tanjungpinang Timur sebagai Inovasi Cerdas Menuju Smart City
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Sumantri Sumantri , Perdana Prasetya Perwira Putra
Published: December 2024

Peran penting perguruan tinggi abad ke-21 adalah mendidik masyarakat melalui pengembangan hasil penelitian. Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji, menekankan pentingnya proses desain rekayasa untuk menghasilkan inovasi berbasis teknologi sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran siswa SD melalui penyediaan fasilitas berbasis teknologi di ruang kelas. Teknologi di sekolah menjadi pendorong kemajuan pendidikan dan diharapkan mengubah pola pikir siswa SD Negeri 011 Tanjungpinang Timur agar lebih mengenal teknologi. Fasilitas berbasis teknologi mendorong antusiasme belajar, keinginan mengetahui perkembangan teknologi, dan pemanfaatannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Observasi menunjukkan minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi sebagai permasalahan utama. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merancang prototipe ruang kelas cerdas berbasis Arduino Uno untuk memudahkan guru menyalakan peralatan listrik tanpa kontak langsung dengan saklar. Sistem ini menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai kontroler, modul bluetooth HC-06 untuk menghubungkan Android dengan Arduino Uno, dan aplikasi Boarduino untuk mengirim perintah melalui bluetooth. Inovasi ini diharapkan mendorong efisiensi dan antusiasme belajar siswa.
Student Performance as Social Worker inside Child Care Services Practice at Vocational Social Work Department
Authors: Agustina Yosi , Jubaedah Yoyoh , Rinekasari Nenden Rani
Published: December 2024

The research entitled "Students' Performance as Social Worker in the Practice of Child Support Services at Vocational Schools, Department of Social Work" aims to determine the performance of students as a social worker in the practice of child support services as well as to obtain data on student performance as a social worker in the practice of mentoring services which include cognitive, psychomotor and affective aspects. This research applies a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, using data collection techniques through interview techniques, observation, and the distribution of performance assessment tools. The population in this study consisted of one productive teacher majoring in Social Work who taught Child Care and Advocacy subjects in class XI Social Work 3, totalling 35 people. The results of this research show that students have a social worker role as companion, facilitator, and educator in accompanying, facilitating, and teaching child clients about fine motor skills, gross motor skills, and child socialization. This analysis focuses on three aspects of assessment, namely cognitive, psychomotor and affective assessment.
COMORBIDITY AS A FACTOR OF GASTRODUODENAL ULCER DEVELOPMENT IN ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, SAKHABETDINOVA KAMILIA N. , SAKHABETDINOV BULAT A. ,   Kazan State Medical University, AMIROV NAIL B. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Peptic ulcer disease is a chronic recurrent multifactorial disease that takes its course with
alternating exacerbations and remissions and is manifested by ulcerative defects in the mucous membrane of the
stomach and duodenum, which is based on an imbalance of aggressive and protective factors with a predominance of ВЕСТНИК СОВРЕМЕННОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ 2024 Том 17, вып. 6 85ОБЗОРЫ
the former ones. Of particular interest is the comparative characteristics of gastric and duodenal ulcers in the patients
of senile and elderly age groups due to their pathogenetic features and singularity of their clinical picture. Aim. The aim
of the study was to summarize current data on the impact of comorbid pathology on the course of gastric and duodenal
ulcers in elderly and senile patients. Materials and Methods. Current studies were reviewed, published in the eLibrary,
Scopus, and PubMed databases in 2014–2024and appearing in Google Scolar, dealing with the etiopathogenetic
variants of gastric and duodenal ulcers and comorbidity with various diseases in elderly and senile patients. Results
and Discussion. The increase in numbers of patients with peptic ulcer disease among those in the elderly and senile
age groups takes place due to the global demographic aging of the population, which leads to an increase in numbers
of patients with multiple chronic diseases. In most cases, in elderly and senile patients, peptic ulcers of the stomach and
duodenum are not any evidence of a distinct disease entity known as peptic ulcer disease. Among such patients, peptic
ulcer is a multifactorial disease of polyetiological origin with many etiopathogenetic variants, including various changes
associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and chronic heart failure;
endocrine pathologies; and concomitant peptic ulcers in the chronic diseases of lungs or kidneys and post-coronavirus
metabolic disorders. Of particular interest are the so-called drug-induced ulcers associated with the treatment of a
chronic or acute disease and providing an ulcerogenic effect on the stomach and duodenum. Conclusions. Taking
into account the data obtained on the etiopathogenetic variants of peptic ulcer disease, the task was set to study the
prevalence of gastric and duodenal ulcers among elderly and senile patients with chronic diseases. Timely identification
of the comorbid nature of the disease will allow achieving better results in therapy and improve the prognosis of patients
with gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Ética e inteligencia artificial en el Sistema Universal de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Ruiz Canizalez Raúl , Rascado Pérez Javier
Published: December 2024

Una pregunta que resulta factible formularse frente al acelerado desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial (ia) sería sobre los aspectos que merecen destacarse cuando ponemos frente a frente las variables disrupción tecnológica, derechos humanos y ética. En este artículo se plantea como objetivo describir la dirección que se ha tomado en materia de protección de derechos humanos en la sede de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (onu) y el Sistema onu. Para la consecución de los objetivos, se hizo un análisis crítico de los instrumentos internacionales recientemente aprobados por los diversos órganos, materia prima de la técnica documental aquí utilizada. Se revisaron las acciones significativas a efecto de destacar los factores más relevantes que han permitido confeccionar una ética para la denominada cibersociedad en el contexto del presente siglo. Uno de los hallazgos que saltan a la vista son los retos a los que se enfrenta el órgano supranacional al momento de dar cauce a este tipo de herramientas digitales: regulación, validez, amenazas, etcétera, en virtud de que los instrumentos adoptados son predominantemente de naturaleza soft law, lo que para algunos podría implicar un alcance limitado.
The role of higher education in economic development and reducing the unemployment rate: a comparative study of developing countries
Authors:   Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Abdullaeva Barno , Abdullaev Diyorjon ,   Urgench State Pedagogical Institute, Kholmurodova Dilnoza ,   Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages, Rakhmatova Feruza ,   Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Tashtemirova Gulnoza ,   Tashkent State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2024

Education is the basic pillar and foundation of all-round development in any country. The impact of higher education on subject development is undeniable. Applicable education alignment with the industry and business in society is required to economic growth, however, the unbridled and unplanned increase of higher education institutions and the number of students is not the basis for achieving development.
In this research, an attempt is made to investigate the effect of research and development costs in the higher education sector in developing countries on economic growth in three areas: the quantitative indicators of higher education, the application and efficiency of higher education, and the creation of employment. The method of this comparative study is quantitative and the data collection of the country of Uzbekistan has been analyzed using a statistical approach.
The results of model estimation using the data of 2014-2023 for the country of Uzbekistan show that the amount of research and development expenses in the higher education sector has a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Also, in the estimated model, the amount of growth of the workforce and the amount of physical capital (non-cash capital of the company) have a direct impact on economic growth. The amount of research and development expenses in the higher education sector with the variable of applied education has the most impact on the growth of manpower and the amount of physical capital stock on the growth of the gross domestic product.
An Effect Analysis of the Balancing Techniques on the Counterfactual Explanations of Student Success Prediction Models
Authors: Çavuş Mustafa , Kuzilek Jakub
Published: December 2024

In the past decade, we have experienced a massive boom in the usage of digital solutions in higher education. Due to this boom, large amounts of data have enabled advanced data analysis methods to support learners and examine learning processes. One of the dominant research directions in learning analytics is predictive modeling of learners' success using various machine learning methods. To build learners' and teachers' trust in such methods and systems, exploring the methods and methodologies that enable relevant stakeholders to deeply understand the underlying machine-learning models is necessary. In this context, counterfactual explanations from explainable machine learning tools are promising. Several counterfactual generation methods hold much promise, but the features must be actionable and causal to be effective. Thus, obtaining which counterfactual generation method suits the student success prediction models in terms of desiderata, stability, and robustness is essential. Although a few studies have been published in recent years on the use of counterfactual explanations in educational sciences, they have yet to discuss which counterfactual generation method is more suitable for this problem. This paper analyzed the effectiveness of commonly used counterfactual generation methods, such as WhatIf Counterfactual Explanations, Multi-Objective Counterfactual Explanations, and Nearest Instance Counterfactual Explanations after balancing. This contribution presents a case study using the Open University Learning Analytics dataset to demonstrate the practical usefulness of counterfactual explanations. The results illustrate the method's effectiveness and describe concrete steps that could be taken to alter the model's prediction.
Role and importance of day hospital in the primary health care system.
Authors:   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Karailanov M. G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Naniev S. O. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation,   Moscow Medical and Social Institute, Makiev R. G. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Gabueva F. A. ,   Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

The implementation of national projects and programs in the healthcare sector is aimed at increasing life expectancy and reducing mortality rates. Primary health care plays a critical role in achieving these goals, which covers a wide range of activities, including prevention, follow-up, treatment of various diseases and rehabilitation. A special place in the primary health care system is occupied by the day hospital, which is an intermediate link between outpatient services and inpatient treatment.
Despite the significant number of patients receiving treatment in 24-hour hospitals, many of them could be effectively treated in a day hospital. This emphasizes the importance of optimizing the use of day hospitals in the primary health care structure. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the role and significance of a day hospital in the primary health care system.
The main advantage of a day hospital over 24-hour hospitals is the possibility of earlier diagnosis of diseases and prompt initiation of treatment, which contributes to a rapid improvement in the health status of patients.
Treatment in a day hospital is also characterized by high social and economic efficiency, as it allows optimizing the use of medical resources and reducing treatment costs, while maintaining high quality of medical care.
The role of telemedicine consultations in improving the accessibility and quality of specialized, including high-tech medical care.
Authors:   The Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Chililov A. M. ,   A. V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Kadyrov F. N. ,   The Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Olovyanny V. E. ,   A. V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Kuznetsov A. V. ,   A. V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery
Published: December 2024

Regional medical organizations providing specialized, including high–tech medical care, are increasingly using the opportunities to receive professional support from leading federal medical organizations – national medical research centers (NMICS).
This happens even if there are risks associated with strict control in the compulsory health insurance system over the fixation and implementation of the recommendations of NMIC doctors.
The use of telemedicine technologies is becoming such an important area of activity for many federal medical organizations that it requires the allocation of additional material and human resources, changes in the structure and financial flows in these organizations.
The paper analyzes both the external and internal environment of the NMICS functioning within the framework of their telemedicine consultations on the provision of specialized, including high-tech medical care.
On the role of the dietetic community and its staffing in the formation of public health.
Authors:   Biomedical University of Innovation and Continuing Education of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – A. I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia, Gureev S. A. , Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: December 2024

The global burden of malnutrition negatively affects the process of socio-economic development of countries, the health of their population, causing serious long-term consequences for an individual, his family, society and countries as a whole. Problems associated with malnutrition and eating disorders have remained relevant for public health systems for many years and require urgent solutions. There is a shortage of services in the field of dietetics throughout the world, with a simultaneous increase in the need for qualified dietitians, whose activities are regulated by the state. According to WHO, the indicator of the nutrition professionals density reflects the ability of a country to effectively develop and implement policies and programs in the field of nutrition. The indicator of the number of trained nutritionists per 100,000 population is included as an indicator of the political environment and capacity in the core set of indicators of the Global Nutrition Monitoring System. This indicator is defined as the number of trained nutritionists per 100,000 population of the country in a given year.
According to the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated November 15, 2012 No. 920n «On approval of the Procedure for providing medical care to the population in the profile of «dietetics», to provide outpatient medical care to the population at a rate of 1 dietitian per 27,000 people, our country requires 5,400 dietitians. The functioning of the system of registered dietitians, the creation of a national accreditation system, as well as the organization of training and continuous professional development throughout a career in accordance with international standards are a challenge of our time and a necessary condition for the well-being and health of
the population, the preservation of labor and reproductive potential, as well as the security of each country.
Patient-centric care as a trend in the development of modern healthcare.
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Muslimov M. I. , Stryuk G. G. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: December 2024

Patient-centricity is considered by the international scientific community in modern conditions as a key factor in ensuring high-quality medical care and optimizing the functioning of healthcare. Successful implementation of this approach in everyday medical practice requires a transformation of the forms and nature of interaction between health workers and patients, the need to pay special attention to the active participation of patients in the process of treatment, care and disease prevention. A patient-centric approach requires coordinated actions at various levels of the healthcare system, covering both population groups and individual social communities. The
unification of information, preventive, research and public resources of state and private structures involved in the implementation of key public health tasks is a prerequisite for the effective functioning of health care systems focused on the needs of patients.
Analysis of compliance of patients with combined age-associated eye pathology
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Plyaskina U. S. , Fomina A. V. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
Published: December 2024

Age-associated eye diseases are widespread both in the Russian Federation and abroad and are a global problem for the health care economy, as they lead to visual impairment, decreased quality of life and labor productivity. Proper monitoring and treatment, from lifestyle correction to surgical treatment by an ophthalmologist, are the way to preserve and improve vision. Combined age-associated eye pathology requires significant attention from the doctor and the patient, as well as a more complex and prolonged approach to achieve the desired result. The latter is directly associated with one of the main medical and social problems – patient compliance, his discipline in relation to medical recommendations
Os contornos do ativismo administrativo do Tribunal de Contas da União postos pelo artigo 90 da lei das estatais
Authors: Teixeira Edinei Silva , Dezan Sandro Lúcio
Published: December 2024

It is intended to raise a critical-reflective analysis about the occurrence of a possible administrative activism within the scope of the Court of Auditors of the Union, more specifically in its supervisory role with mixed capital companies that exploit economic activity. In this sense, we seek to analyze the constitutional and legal context of the matter, with emphasis on article 90 of the Law of State-owned Companies (Law No. 13.303/2016), especially as a limitation of the supposed administrative activism, through the recognition of the managerial autonomy of these companies.
ANALISIS KINERJA RUAS JALAN AKIBAT HAMBATAN SAMPING ( STUDI KASUS : Jl. SOEKARNO HATTA PASAR BAWAH KOTA BUKITTINGGI )
Authors: Misbah Misbah , Hendrizal Hendrizal
Published: December 2024

Ruas Jalan Soekarno Hatta merupakan jalan kolektor sekunder 4 lajur 2 arah terbagi (4/2 D) sebagai jalan utama menuju pusat perdagangan Kota Bukittinggi. Berdasarkan observasi awal yang dilakukan terlihat bahwa, kendaraan yang melalui ruas jalan ini cukup ramai, bahkan sering terjadi kemacetan yang disebabkan oleh area wilayah tersebut merupakan area pasar dan pusat pertokoan yang tidak memiliki lahan parkir yang cukup sehingga aktivitas parkir banyak menggunakan sebagian badan jalan yang menyebabkan terjadi penyempitan lebar jalan efektif. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kinerja ruas Jalan Soekarno Hatta yang ditinjau dari volume lalu lintas, kapasitas, dan tingkat pelayanan (LOS). Sedangkan metode yang digunakan yaitu metode MKJI 1997 dengan mengumpulkan data primer, berupa data geometrik jalan, volume lalu lintas dan hambatan samping yang diperoleh langsung di lokasi penelitian, dan data sekunder, berupa data jumlah penduduk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh volume lalu lintas maksimum terjadi pada survei utama yaitu pada hari rabu untuk kedua arah sebesar 518,25 smp/jam dan 522,25 smp/jam pada pukul 11.30 sampai 12.30 WIB dan 11.00 sampai 12.00 WIB. Sedangkan untuk kapasitas diperoleh samasama sebesar 1148,82 smp/jam untuk kedua arah. Kemudian juga rata rata kecepatan tertinggi pada ruas jalan soekarno hatta yaitu sepeda motor dengan kecepatan 20,08 Km/jam arah Janjang 40- Bypass dan arah sebalik nya dari Bypass-janjang 40 kecepatan tertinggi juga sepeda motor dengan kecepatan 20,20 Km/jam. Hambatan samping pada ruas Jalan Soekarno Hatta termasuk dalam kategori kelas hambatan samping sangat tinggi (VH). Dan ditinjau dari tingkat pelayanan ruas Jalan Soekarno Hatta termasuk kategori C dimana untuk klasifikasi jalan arus terbilang lancar, kecepatan masih dikendalikan, V/C masih dapat ditolerir. Rekomendasi yang disarankan yaitu dengan di lakukannya penertiban lahan parkir untuk pengendara sepeda motor dan disediakannya tempat khusus untuk mobil angkutan kota (angkot) untuk menunggu penumpang serta pemasangan rambu-rambu dilarang berhenti dan rambu-rambu dilarang parkir.
ANALISIS MUTU PAVING BLOCK DENGAN VARIASI AGREGAT HALUS
Authors: Nofrianto Hendri , Hutrio Hutrio
Published: December 2024

Paving block adalah bahan bangunan yang dibuat dari campuran semen, pasir dan air. Paving block banyak digunakan dalam bidang konstruksi, seperti trotoar, jalan raya, lahan parkir, taman dan lain sebagainya. Kemudahan dalam pemasangan, perawatan yang murah serta memenuhi aspek keindahan mengakibatkan paving block lebih banyak disukai. Seiring dengan banyaknya penggunaan paving block pada masyarakat maka kualitas mutu paving block harus tingkatkan.
Pencetakan paving block menggunakan mesin multi block. Mesin multi block merupakan mesin pencetak paving block secara massal dengan tenaga hidrolik. Cetakan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berbentuk persegi panjang dengan ukuran 21 cm x 10,5 cm x 8 cm. Variasi campuran yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu 1 semen: 1filler: 3 medium, 1 semen: 3 fillers: 1 medium, dan 1 semen: 3 fillers. Dengan masing campuran memiliki 4 sampel dan umur pengujian kuat tekan 28 hari.
Hasil kuat tekan paving block rata-rata pada umur 28 hari dengan komposisi campuran 1:1:3 (1 semen: 1 filler: 3 medium) didapatkan sebesar 194,73 Kg/cm. Untuk paving block dengan komposisi campuran 1:3:1 (1 semen: 3 fillers: 1 medium) didapatkan sebesar 190,37 Kg/cm2. Sedangkan paving block dengan komposisi campuran 1:3 (1semen: 3 filler) didapatkan sebesar 217,76 Kg/cm2. Dari 3 variasi komposisi campuran yang diuji, komposisi campuran 1:3 memiliki kuat tekan tertinggi dengan nilai 217,76 Kg/cm2. Hasil pemeriksaan porositas atau penyerapan air rata-rata didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut. Untuk komposisi campuran 1:1:3 didapatkan nilai penyerapan air rata rata sebesar 1,30%. Untuk komposisi campuran 1:3:1 didapatkan nilai penyerapan air rata-rata sebesar 1,21%. Sedangkan untuk komposisi campuran 1:3 didapatkan nilai penyerapan air rata-rata sebesar 1,27%. Dengan demikian, semua variasi campuran paving block telah memenuhi batas penyerapan air untuk paving block dengan mutu B pada SNI-03-0691-1996 yaitu maksimal 6%.
DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER ZELIO SOFT2 PADA PROSES OTOMASI INDUSTRI PENGEPAKAN
Authors: Budiyanto Maun , Prisda Oetari Sihombing Krystin
Published: December 2024

Dunia industri mengoptimalkan efesiensi waktu, tenaga kerja dan proses dalam memproduksi barang. Penerapan teknologi otomasi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jumlah produksi secara cepat dan tepat. Salah satu teknologi yang digunakan adalah Smart relay. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan smart relay software PLC Zelio Soft2 yang dimanfaatkan untuk mendesain dan menyimulasikan proses otomasi pengepakan bola. Terdapat dua bahasa pemograman yang disediakan Zelio Soft2 yaitu ladder diagram (LD) dan function block diagram (FBD). Diagram ladder dirancang guna menyimulasikan tahap demi tahap proses yang berlangsung, sedangkan FBD memperlihatkan jenis dan diagram blok yang digunakan dalam proses. Sistem yang dirancang memanfaatkan push button (on/off), sensor kotak, sensor bola tenis dan motor penggerak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan simulasi program bekerja seperti yang telah direncanakan.
PENGARUH SUDUT ELEKTRODA 75, 85, 90 PADA LONGITUDINAL ARAH MUNDUR TERHADAP PRESENTASE PENETRASI
Authors: Hafni Hafni , Rifqi Rifqi
Published: December 2024

Shielded Metal Arc Welding  (SMAW) merupakan salah satu dari proses pengelasan cair (fusion welding)  yang menghasilkan penyatuan yang homogen elektroda dengan logam dasar (base metal), yang disebabkan oleh  busur listrik yang menghasilkan panas tinggi meleburkan elektroda dan logam dasar (base metal) secara bersamaan dan dilindungi oleh gas pelindung dari reeaksi kimia fluk elektroda. Kedalaman fusi (depth of fusion) yang terbentuk ditentukan  oleh masukan panas ( heat input)  , sudut elektroda dan arah pengelasan.
Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Teknik Mesin Institut Teknologi Padang. base metal  yang digunakan adalah baja karbon rendah ST 37 dengan ukuran tebal 10 mm , Panjang 100 mm . lebar 100 mm. Pengelasan dilakukan pada permukaan base metal pada posisi bawah tangan (flat position), tipe sambungan (weld type) adalah surfacing weld sebanyak 4 jalur las yang masing masing jalur mempunyai jarak 20 mm. Panjang las 100 mm . spesikasi elektroda AWS E 6013 berdiameter 3,2 mm. Mesin las SMAW arus AC dengan voltage 30 V. current 85 A.
Sudut elektroda yang terukur antara elektroda dengan jalur las yaitu 750, 850, 900. Arah pengelasan mundur dimana eletroda menarik cairan las ke jalur las dan tinggi busur normal dimana jarak elektoda dengan base metal  sama dengan diameter elektroda. Dari hasil pengelasan akan diperoleh presentasi penetrasi yaitu perbandingan kedalam fusi dengan lebar.
 Hasil penelitian diperoleh kecepatan pengelasan :  2,48 mm/s untuk sudut eletroda 750 ,  2,49 mm/s untuk sudut eletroda 850 dan 2,51 mm/s untuk sudut elektroda 90. Heat input untuk  sudut elektroda750  adalah 1015,93 J/mm ,  heat input untuk  sudut elektroda 850  adalah 1024,20 J/mm dan heat input untuk  sudut elektroda 900  adalah 1015,93 J/mm. Dari perbandingan lebar dengan  kedalaman fusi diperoleh ; sudut elektoda 85  mempunyai presentasi penetriasi sebesar 9,85 % lebih baik tinggi dibandingkan dengan sudut elektroda 750 mempunyai presentasi penetriasi sebesar 8,43 %, dan sudut elektroda 900 mempunyai presentasi penetrasi 8,35 %
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BAHAN PLASTIK MIKA SEBAGAI FILLER PADA CAMPURAN (AC-WC) DENGAN PENGUJIAN MARSHALL
Authors: Misbah Misbah , Wahyuni Serli
Published: December 2024

Dalam hal peningkatan perkerasan jalan ada beberapa yang harus di perhatikan, yaitu kualitas agregat yang di gunakan, metode pelaksanaannya, dan kualitas aspal. Cara yang sering digunakan untuk menaikkan mutu aspal adalah dengan menambah bahan aditif. Diantaranya seperti arang, plastik, dan lain-lain. Plastik memiliki banyak manfaat tetapi juga memiliki sisi negatif khususnya limbah plastik. Namun limbah plastik membuka peluang untuk dimanfaatkan di bidang konstruksi jalan raya. Dalam penelitian plastik mika bisa digunakan karena memiliki karakteristik yang termasuk kuat dari jenis plastik yang lain dan lebih elastis jika dipanaskan. Plastik mika bersifat termoplastik, tidak reaktif pada temperatur kamar, kecuali oleh beberapa jenis pelarut yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan. Pada penelitian ini penulis mencoba untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penambahan plastik mika dan menentukan karakteristik gradasi agregat terhadap campuran Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course  (AC-WC) berdasarkan uji Marshall. Hasil dari pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua percobaan dengan penambahan terhadap pencampuran yang dilakukan untuk penambahan plastik mika sebanyak 0% didapatkan kadar aspal optimum sebanyak 5,50%, pada penambahan sebanyak 2% didapatkan kadar aspal optimumnya 5,50%, pada penambahan plastik mika sebanyak 4% tidak dapat dipergunakan karena dari hasil pengujiannya tidak memenuhi spesifikasi, sedangkan pada penambahan plastik mika sebanyak 6% didapatkan nilai kadar aspal optimum sebanyak 6,25%. Maka, pengaruh penambahan plastik mika yang terbaik pada aspal panas (AC-WC) adalah pencampuran kadar plastik sebanyak 0% dan 2% dengan kadar aspal optimum yang didapat sebesar 5,50%. Untuk nilai Stabilitas, Flow, VMA, dan VFB dengan hasil rata-rata memenuhi spesifikasi yang ditetapkan, sedangkan untuk nilai MQ dan, VIM mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan pada masing-masing persen yang ditentukan, sehingga mempengaruhi hasil dan kinerja dari aspal yang digunakan. Maka, dapat disimpulkan dengan menambah plastik mika pada campuran aspal belum bisa digunakan, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut guna mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat.
ANALISIS ARUS HUBUNG SINGKAT DI PT PLN NUSANTARA POWER UP GRESIK PADA MOTOR BOILER FEED PUMP
Authors: Harista Rahman Alvin , Budiyanto Maun
Published: December 2024

Keandalan merupakan karakteristik utama yang harus dijaga dalam unit pembangkitan listrik seiring dengan kenaikan konsumsi energi listrik di Indonesia. Apabila keandalan tidak dapat dijaga, maka akan dapat merusak peralatan pembangkit dan mengganggu penyaluran pasokan listrik ke beban-beban. Kegagalan pada keandalan unit pembangkitan listrik dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi arus gangguan hubung singkat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis terkait kondisi arus hubung singkat pada jaringan kelistrikan pada beban motor boiler feed pump (BFP) 4A PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Gresik. Analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan kondisi arus hubung singkat maksimum dan minimum dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP 12.6. Terdapat dua busbar yang dijadikan objek simulasi ketika mengalami gangguan, yaitu busbar 15 kV dan busbar switchgear M/C 4,16 kV. Hasil simulasi yang didapatkan besar nilai arus hubung singkat maksimum dan minimum. Nilai arus hubung singkat maksimum didapatkan dari kondisi transien berupa gangguan tiga fasa dan satu fasa ke tanah. Sedangkan nilai arus hubung singkat minimum didapatkan dari kondisi steady state berupa arus gangguan antar fasa.
Mormonism through the Lens of Translation Studies
Authors: González Núñez Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Most religious movements often have an invisible relationship to translation. This is the case for major religious traditions, such as Christianity. Among the Christian denominations, Mormonism is perhaps particular due to a quite visible relationship with translation. As a religious tradition that is very much rooted in and experienced through translation, it has caught the eye of translation scholars who have studied it to theorize on the nature of translation. However, much of this scholarship seems somewhat uninformed as to what scholars in the field of Mormon Studies have also been exploring regarding translation. And the opposite seems to also be true. Thus, in what could be an obvious space for interdisciplinary exploration, these two disciplines, for the most part, do not engage each other. This paper will explore that common space, the intersection of translation and Mormonism, in an attempt to highlight possible areas for better collaboration.
Deconstruyendo la alteridad
Authors: García Salcedo Teresa
Published: December 2024

La hibridación lingüística y cultural se ha convertido en la nueva realidad de muchas sociedades poscoloniales. Esta hibridación ha encontrado una forma de expresión y normalización a través de la literatura. No obstante, la heteroglosia típica de las narrativas poscoloniales supone un gran desafío para la traducción. Dicho esto, este artículo tiene como objetivo ofrecer una técnica de traducción que permita recrear la heteroglosia que caracteriza la novela Lagoon (2014) de la autora estadounidense Nnedi Okorafor. Desde un enfoque poscolonial, este trabajo se centra en el análisis y traducción de un fenómeno lingüístico concreto: la alternancia del inglés estándar con el Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE) como estrategia subversiva. Para realizar una posible traducción de un fragmento representativo de la obra, partimos del método de traducción orientado a la función del TO (Snell-Hornby, 1998) y empleamos como técnica la compensación y creación discursiva mediante la invención de un lecto híbrido de base española. De esta manera, tratamos de recrear la función simbólica del NPE y el efecto de extrañamiento del TO. Así, a través de este trabajo, reivindicamos el importante papel que desempeña el traductor poscolonial como autor-creador y mediador intercultural en su misión de respetar la agencia del autor poscolonial en el sistema de recepción.
3DCOR.es
Authors: Luque Giraldez Angela , Portolés Morales Manuel Guillermo
Published: December 2024

En el ámbito técnico, el sector de la impresión 3D ha experimentado un crecimiento anual del 20 % desde 2019 (Aznar, 2022), ya que estas impresoras se han convertido en dispositivos más accesibles para el usuario común. Esta situación conlleva un incremento en la demanda de traducción para esta temática y, especialmente, para el género de las especificaciones técnicas, dado que estos materiales deben traducirse por imperativo legal, según exige la Resolución del Consejo de 17 de diciembre de 1998 sobre las instrucciones de uso de los bienes de consumo técnicos (98/C 411/01). Sin embargo, cabe destacar que en la actualidad no abundan los trabajos relacionados con el ámbito de la traducción técnica, de hecho, BITRA, base de datos de la Universidad de Alicante que recoge bibliografía relacionada con traducción e interpretación, cuenta únicamente con un 0,11 % de publicaciones vinculadas a la traducción técnica. Ante esta ausencia de recursos, creciente necesidad e imperatividad, este trabajo busca describir el diseño e implementación de un sitio web llamado 3DCOR.es con el objetivo de compartir y enriquecer la comunidad de traductores en el uso de nuevas tecnologías en el ámbito de la traducción técnica y la lingüística y en la creación de recursos por el propio traductor. Desarrollada con tecnologías JavaScript, contiene diversos recursos creados en trabajos anteriores, como un glosario bilingüe y bidireccional (inglés-español/español-inglés), un corpus paralelo de especificaciones técnicas de impresoras 3D (inglés-español) que puede interrogarse a través de un gestor de búsquedas y un redactor automático de plantillas de especificaciones técnicas en inglés y español. Adicionalmente, se presentarán ejemplos de cómo utilizar el gestor de búsquedas. Este sitio web será una herramienta valiosa no solo para traductores, sino también para intérpretes, lingüistas, fraseólogos y otros usuarios del sector de la impresión 3D.
Hacia una clasificación de los tipos de transcreación en el lenguaje de promoción turística
Authors: Soto-Almela Jorge
Published: December 2024

En la última década, la transcreación ha sido un tema recurrente en investigaciones en el campo de la traducción, especialmente en áreas como la traducción audiovisual y la publicitaria. La transcreación se define como un enfoque que va más allá de la simple traducción, buscando adaptar y recrear mensajes en otro idioma de manera que mantengan su impacto persuasivo y comercial en la audiencia meta. En este contexto, los textos persuasivos y comerciales se presentan como un terreno fértil para explorar la transcreación, ya que requieren un alto grado de creatividad y adaptación para capturar la esencia y el propósito del mensaje original y transmitirlo en un contexto cultural diferente. Este estudio aborda de manera específica la transcreación en el contexto de la promoción turística y busca sistematizar los tipos de transcreación más frecuentes en este ámbito. Para ello, se analiza un corpus compuesto por más de 450 títulos de artículos y reportajes de viajes en español y sus correspondientes traducciones al inglés, extraídos de varias ediciones de la revista Ronda, publicada por la compañía Iberia. A través de este análisis contrastivo, se examinan las estrategias empleadas en la transcreación de estos títulos y se propone una clasificación de estrategias transcreativas específicas observadas en el corpus de títulos. Estas estrategias van desde reinterpretaciones totales del texto original hasta adaptaciones menos significativas. En general, este trabajo, que adopta un enfoque descriptivo y exploratorio, pone de manifiesto que la transcreación es un fenómeno común en el lenguaje promocional turístico y que se utiliza principalmente para transferir elementos textuales persuasivos y atractivos, como es el caso de los títulos de artículos.
The context-dependent epigenetic and organogenesis programs determine 3D vs. 2D cellular fitness of MYC-driven cancer
Authors: Yang Jun , Fang Jie , Singh Shivendra , Wells Brennan , Wu Qiong , Jin Hongjian , Janke Laura , Wan Shibiao , Steele Jacob , Connelly Jon , Murphy Andrew , Wang Ruoning , Davidoff Andrew , Ashcroft Margaret , Pruett-Miller Shondra
Published: December 2024

3D cellular-specific epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming is critical to organogenesis and tumorigenesis. Here we dissect the distinct cell fitness in 2D (normoxia vs. chronic hypoxia) vs 3D (normoxia) culture conditions for a MYC-driven murine liver cancer model. We identify over 600 shared essential genes and additional context-specific fitness genes and pathways. Knockout of the VHL-HIF1 pathway results in incompatible fitness defects under normoxia vs. 1% oxygen or 3D culture conditions. Moreover, deletion of each of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain complex has distinct fitness outcomes. Notably, multicellular organogenesis signaling pathways including TGFb-SMAD specifically constrict the uncontrolled cell proliferation in 3D while inactivation of epigenetic modifiers (Bcor, Kmt2d, Mettl3 and Mettl14) has opposite outcomes in 2D vs. 3D. We further identify a 3D-dependent synthetic lethality with partial loss of Prmt5 due to a reduction of Mtap expression resulting from 3D-specific epigenetic reprogramming. Our study highlights unique epigenetic, metabolic and organogenesis signaling dependencies under different cellular settings.
Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on innate immune responses in Atlantic salmon cells infected with infectious salmon anemia virus
Authors: Holmlund Ingrid , Ahmadi Samira , Ruyter Bente , Østbye Tone-Kari , Bou Marta , Gjøen Tor
Published: December 2024

Aquaculture is one of the world's fastest-growing sectors in food production but with multiple challenges related to animal handling and infections. The disease caused by infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) leads to outbreaks of local epidemics, reducing animal welfare, and causing significant economic losses. The composition of feed has shifted from marine ingredients such as fish oil and fish meal towards a more plant-based diet causing reduced levels of EPA. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low or high levels of EPA affect the expression of genes related to the innate immune response 48 hours after infection with ISAV. The study includes seven experimental groups: ± ISAV and various levels of EPA up to 200 µM. Analysis of RNA sequencing data showed that more than 3000 genes were affected by ISAV alone (without additional EPA). In cells with increasing levels of EPA, more than 2500 additional genes were differentially expressed. This indicates that high levels of EPA concentration have an independent effect on gene expression in virus-infected cells, not observed at lower levels of EPA. Analyses of enriched biological processes and molecular functions (GO and KEGG analysis) revealed that EPA had a limited impact on the innate immune system alone, but that many processes were affected by EPA when cells were virus infected. Several biological pathways were affected, including protein synthesis (ribosomal transcripts), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, and ferroptosis. Cells exposed to both increasing concentrations of EPA and virus displayed gene expression patterns indicating increased formation of oxygen radicals and that cell death via ferroptosis was activated. This gene expression pattern was not observed during infection at low EPA levels or when ASK cells were exposed to the highest EPA level (200 μM) without virus infection. Cell death via ferroptosis may therefore be a mechanism for controlled cell death and thus reduction of virus replication when there are enough PUFA in the membrane.
Role of Surgery Adjuncts for Overall Survival of Patients with Supratentorial WHO Grade 4 Gliomas.
Authors: Czernicki Tomasz , Maj Edyta , Kunert Przemysław
Published: December 2024

Background
In recent years, numerous advanced techniques supporting surgery (TSS) have been utilized to maximize glioma resection. However, the impact of the multimodal use of TSS, such as awake surgery, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, neuronavigation, fluorescence-guided surgery, fMRI, and DTT, on improving OS remains uncertain..
Methods
We assessed, in retrospective analysis of 81 patients with supratentorial WHO grade 4 gliomas, the effect of age, gender, tumor location, number of TSS used, EOR, postoperative KPS, IDH-1 status, and use of postoperative adjuvant therapy (PAT) i.e. radiotherapy and chemotherapy on overall survival. Kaplan-Meyer plots with F-Cox test and Cox proportional hazards model were used for univariate and multivariate analysis of survival.
Results
We used none, one, two, three or four TSS in 30, 20, 15, 9 and 7 patients, respectively. The number of TSS used (none vs. 1–2 vs. 3–4) had a correlation with OS in eloquent areas (P = 0.031, univariate; P = 0.006, multivariate) with median survival of 194, 364, and 674 days, respectively, whereas no correlation was observed in non-eloquent areas. In univariate analysis but not in multivariate analysis, significant factors for OS in gliomas in eloquent areas were younger age (P = 0.025), EOR (gross total vs. subtotal vs. partial resection) (P = 0.015), PAT use (P = 0.00065), and in gliomas in non-eloquent areas were EOR (P = 0.01), postoperative KPS (≥ 70 vs.<70) (P = 0.023), PAT use (P = 0.015).
Conclusion
The use of multiple techniques supporting surgery simultaneously improves the overall survival of patients with supratentorial WHO grade 4 gliomas in eloquent areas, in contrast to non-eloquent areas.
Physical activity and sedentary behavior of the adult population in the light of some sociodemographic variables and nutritional status based on a study in Hungary
Authors: Vári Beáta , Berki Tamás , Katona Zoltán , Alattyányi István , Katona Zsolt , Petrovszki Zita , Győri Ferenc
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the level of physical activity, sitting time, and body mass index and their associates with sociodemographic variables in the Southern Great Plain of Hungary.
Methods: 3665 participants (1349 men; 2316 women) were participated in our study. Their average age was 45.08 (SD=15.68). Physical activity and sitting time were measuring the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). The participants were also asked about their sociodemographic (e.g., residence, income, etc.) and Body Mass Index.
Results: Our result showed that men had higher total, vigorous, and moderate physical activity levels. Younger adults (18-29) had higher total, vigorous and moderate activity than older adults (65+). Residents of large cities and graduates showed higher levels of physical activity. Higher activity was not linked to higher income, while moderate activity was slightly associated with lower income. Normal BMI was associated with the engaging in high levels of physical activity. Sitting time was higher among young adults, village residents, university graduates, those with moderate incomes, normal BMI, and lower physical activity levels.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the impact of sociodemographics on physical activity, BMI, and sitting time. The findings were consistent with other Hungarian samples, suggesting that the Southern Great Plain aligns with the national average.
Of cells and tissues: Identifying the elements of a diabetic cardiac in vitro study model
Authors: Hernandez Ivana , Gobinath C. , Padilla Andie E. , Loyola Carla D. , Joddar Binata
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to elucidate the impact of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and glucose shock on cardiomyocyte viability, gene expression, cardiac biomarkers, and cardiac contractility. Firstly, AGEs were generated in-house, and their concentration was confirmed using absorbance measurements. AC16 cardiomyocytes were then exposed to varying doses of AGEs, resulting in dose-dependent decreases in cell viability. The maximum tolerated dose of AGEs was determined, revealing significant downregulation of the cardiac gene gap junction alpha 1 (GJA1). Furthermore, the study assessed the effects of AGEs, glucose shock, and their combination on biomarkers, cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC), and connexin-43 (Cx-43) in AC16 cells. It was found that AGEs supplementation induced an increase in MHC expression while reducing Cx-43 expression, potentially contributing to cardiac dysfunction. Glucose shock also affected cardiomyocyte contractility, highlighting the complex interplay between AGEs, glucose levels, and cardiac function. Additionally, human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were subjected to varying doses of AGEs, revealing dose-dependent cytotoxicity and alterations in contractility. Immunostaining confirmed upregulation of MYH7, a cardiac gene associated with muscle contraction, in response to AGEs. However, the expression of Cx-43 was minimal in these cells. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on the intricate relationship between AGEs, glucose shock, and cardiomyocyte function, providing insights into potential mechanisms underlying cardiac dysfunction associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).