bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Some Structural Aspects of PVA/PbS and PVA/PbS/ZnO Core/Shell Nanocomposites by Varying Different Reaction Parameters
Authors: Haque Sultana Rijuwana , Boro Pallabi , Phukan Pratyush , Bhattacharjee Suparna
Published: October 2022

This paper reports the synthesis and analysis of the characterization results of PbS and PbS/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) matrix. The technique adopted in this work is wet chemical synthesis of PVA/PbS and PVA/PbS/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles. In total, two different sets of samples comprising of nine samples have been synthesized by altering parameters like PVA concentration and shell thickness for the PVA/PbS and PVA/PbS/ZnO samples, respectively. Various characterization techniques are used to analyze the influence of alteration of matrix concentration and shell thickness upon the as-synthesized nanoparticles. The techniques include UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-vis), Photoluminescence (PL) Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Rays (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results of the characterization techniques confirm the formation of nanoparticles of PbS and PbS/ZnO, respectively.
Preparation and Physical Properties of Mg-Zn Nano-crystal by Laser-induced Plasma
Authors: Harfesh Duha K. , Abdalameer Nisreen Kh. , Jebur Eman K.
Published: October 2022

To learn how the manner of preparation influences film development, this study examined film expansion under a variety of deposition settings. To learn about the membrane’s properties and to ascertain the optimal pretreatment conditions, which are represented by ambient temperature and pressure, Laser pressure of 2.5[Formula: see text]m bar, the laser energy density of 500[Formula: see text]mJ, distortion ratio ([Formula: see text]) as a function of laser pulse count, all achieved with the double-frequency Nd: YAG laser operating in quality-factor mode at 1064[Formula: see text]nm. MgxZn[Formula: see text] films of thickness [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm were deposited on glass substrates at pulse frequencies of (1–6)[Formula: see text]Hz and pulse durations of 10[Formula: see text]ns. The spectrum of rays. The X-rays demonstrated that the diffraction peaks’ findings show that the crystallinity of the films is highly dependent on the quantity of magnesium present in the layers. All the generated movies feature a polycrystalline hexagonal membrane structure, with the (101) plane being the main reflection. The average particle size was determined to be less than 50[Formula: see text]nm using FE-SEM measurements, and (RMS) of the surface roughness of the membranes MgxZn[Formula: see text] may be calculated using AFM analysis. The spectrum spans from (300)[Formula: see text]nm to (900) nm in wavelength. All films have a transmittance rate of more than 70% for the visible area of the spectrum[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text](400–800)[Formula: see text]nm, and in one model, it reaches greater than 95%. The energy gap (Eg) for these films is (2.68, 2.6, 2.4 and 2.32) electron volts, with a standard deviation of (100, 200, 300, and 400) shoot. In addition, the energy gap values drop as the laser pulse strength increases, and the range in which these values may be set is quite narrow (2.68–2.32).
Generic autonomous system approach to interacting dark energy models
Authors: Shah Parth , Samanta Gauranga C. , Bamba Kazuharu , Myrzakulov R.
Published: October 2022

We explore an autonomous system analysis of dark energy models with interactions between dark energy and cold dark matter in a general systematic approach to cosmological fluids. We investigate two types of models such as local and non-local ones. In particular, a local form of interaction is directly proportional to only the energy density, while a non-local interaction is directly proportional to the energy density as well as the Hubble parameter. As a consequence, it is explicitly demonstrated that in both cases there exist the stability points in terms of cosmological parameters. This work aims at obtaining acceleration and stability using interaction models without modifying the matter or geometric component of the Universe.
Wormhole solutions in f(R,T) = R + αR2 + βlnT gravity
Authors: Godani Nisha
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the Morris–Thorne wormholes are studied in the background of [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are constants. The wormhole solutions are derived in two cases with different assumptions for the matter forms. In each case, the null energy condition (NEC) is analyzed and the range of parameters satisfying the NEC are determined. Further, the stability of solutions is examined with the help of the generalized Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation.
Kupershmidt operators on Hom-Malcev algebras and their deformation
Authors: Harrathi Fattoum , Mabrouk Sami , Ncib Othmen , Silvestrov Sergei
Published: October 2022

The main feature of Hom-algebras is that the identities defining the structures are twisted by linear maps. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study a Hom-type generalization of pre-Malcev algebras, called Hom-pre-Malcev algebras. We also introduce the notion of Kupershmidt operators of Hom–Malcev and Hom-pre-Malcev algebras and show the connections between Hom–Malcev and Hom-pre-Malcev algebras using Kupershmidt operators. Hom-pre-Malcev algebras generalize Hom-pre-Lie algebras to the Hom-alternative setting and fit into a bigger framework with a close relationship with Hom-pre-alternative algebras. Finally, we establish a deformation theory of Kupershmidt operators on a Hom–Malcev algebra in consistence with the general principles of deformation theories and introduce the notion of Nijenhuis elements.
Optimal structure of acidic ionic liquids for synthesis of tetraphenylporphyrins
Authors: Kitaoka Satoshi , Motohiro Maho , Nobuoka Kaoru
Published: October 2022

The structure of the most optimal acidic ionic liquids for the tetraphenylporphyrin synthesis was investigated, focusing on the cationic structure of ionic liquids. The investigation in [[Formula: see text]im][CF3CO2] ([Formula: see text]=1-12) with different lengths of alkyl groups at the N(1) position of imidazolium showed that the highest yield of tetraphenylporphyrin (20%) was obtained when the alkyl chain length was C8, which indicated that [HC8im][CF3CO2] is the optimal ionic liquid for the tetraphenylporphyrin synthesis. In addition, we also investigated the influence of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents at the C(2), C(4), and C(5) positions of the imidazolium cation of the acidic ionic liquids on the synthesis of tetraphenylporphyrins. The highest tetraphenylporphyrin yields were obtained in [HC8mim][CF3CO2], which suggested that the imidazolium cation with an octyl group at the N(1) position and a methyl group at the C(2) position was the optimal structure.
Morphology-Dependent Electrochemical Sensing Properties of NiCo2O4 for Glucose
Authors: Bai Xiao , Yin Hang , Wang Zhengye , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Chongchao , Yang Ziyin
Published: October 2022

The morphology of nanomaterials plays an important role in the electrochemical sensing performance. Herein, the morphology-dependent electrochemical sensing properties of NiCo2O4 for glucose were studied. NiCo2O4 with one-dimensional (1D) rod structure or two-dimensional (2D) sheet structure was synthesized by just changing solvent composition. The morphology, structure and electrochemical sensing performance of NiCo2O4 were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and amperometric methods. The results of CV characterization show that the magnitude of the oxidation peak current increase obtained on rod-like NiCo2O4 is nearly two times higher than that of sheet-like NiCo2O4, which is due to the faster electron transfer rate of rod-like NiCo2O4. Rod-like NiCo2O4 exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity toward glucose oxidation with a wide linear range of 0.02–5.1[Formula: see text]mM, a low detection limit of 2.0[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M and an ultrahigh sensitivity of 2040[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mM[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. Our findings offer a novel morphology-controllable synthesis strategy to understand the morphology impact on the electrochemical performances of NiCo2O4, and represent a facile design of electrocatalysts for sensors.
Hopping Mechanism and Impedance Properties of Mg Doped NBT-KBT Solid Solution near Ambient Temperature
Authors: Kaur Shubhpreet , Arora Mehak , Sharma Lovish , Kumar Sunil , Malhi Parambir Singh , Singh Mandeep , Singh Anupinder
Published: October 2022

Solid state reaction route has been utilized to synthesize Na0.42K0.08Bi0.50Mg0.05Ti0.95O3−δ solid solution. Impedance plots are used to examine electrical attributes as a function of frequency (100 Hz –1 MHz) and temperature (10 °C–50 °C). The existence of bulk and grain boundary contributions in the impedance has been revealed by the nature of Nyquist plots. The presence of conductivity relaxation in the sample is indicated by the merging of normalized plots of modulus (

M

″

) profile. The ac conductivity follows Jonscher’s Power law, and suggested the correlated barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism, whereas, the dc conductivity is found to be Arrhenius dependent. The activation energies computed from the conductivity and relaxation patterns are nearly identical which are 1.30 eV and 1.39 eV respectively.
Classification, Application, Challenge, and Future of Midair Gestures in Augmented Reality
Authors: Lu Yi , Wang Xiaoye , Gong Jiangtao , Zhou Lejia , Ge Sen
Published: October 2022

Augmented Reality (AR) technology provides many opportunities to enhance people’s experience in interacting with data. Midair gesture, a natural interaction mode in AR, interacts with virtual elements without any auxiliary devices. It has become a hot topic of interest for researchers with the development of gesture recognition technology. From the perspective of user experience, the types of midair gesture, gesture recognition technology, applications were discussed. The challenges of air gesture interaction from two aspects of user experience and technology were analyzed, and the importance of collaborative gesture and low-cost user experience in the future were emphasized. Finally, the application prospect of air gesture interaction distance education, medical health, industry, office, and so on is discussed.
Speech Attribute Detection to Recognize Arabic Broadcast Speech in Industrial Networks
Authors: Al Dabel M.
Published: October 2022

In this work, we present an alternative model to Arabic speech recognitions to boost classification accuracy of basic speech units in Industrial Internet of Things. This approach integrates both top-down and bottom-up knowledge into the automatic speech attribute transcription (ASAT) framework. ASAT is a new family of lattice-based speech recognition systems grounded on accurate detection of speech attributes. Two state-of-the-art deep neural networks were used for attribute speech feature detection, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and feed-forward neural network, with pretraining using a stack of restricted Boltzmann machines (DBN-DNN). These attribute detectors are trained using a data-driven approach for Arabic speech data using the Buckwalter code for Arabic transcription. The detectors work by detecting phonologically distinctive articulatory features of Arabic based on manner and place of articulation, which extract characteristics of the human speech production process from the speech dataset. The results of the work are shown in terms of average equal error rate inferring that the attribute model based on the CNN consistently outperforms the DBN-DNN model. Attribute detectors with CNN, versus DBN-DNN model, reduce the AEER producing 10.42% relative improvements for manner of articulation and producing 13.11% relative improvements for place of articulation.
Chemoprevention of 4NQO-Induced Mouse Tongue Carcinogenesis by AKT Inhibitor through the MMP-9/RhoC Signaling Pathway and Autophagy
Authors: Yin Panpan , Chen Jiahui , Wu Yanlin , Gao Feng , Wen Jinlin , Zhang Wenbin , Su Ying , Zhang Xinyan
Published: October 2022

Oral cancer (OC), the most common cancer in the head and neck, which has a poor prognosis, histopathologically follows a stepwise pattern of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and cancer. Blocking the progression of OC in the precancer stage could greatly improve the survival and cure rates. AKT protein plays a critical role in the signal transduction of cancer cells, and we found that AKT was overexpressed in human OC samples through analysis of TCGA database. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the chemopreventive effect of an AKT inhibitor (MK2206 2HCl) on OC. In vivo, we established a 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide- (4NQO-) induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model to investigate the potential chemopreventive effect of MK2206 2HCl on mouse OC resulting from 4NQO. The results showed that MK2206 2HCl could significantly reduce the incidence rate and growth of OC, inhibit the transformation of dysplasia to cancer in the 4NQO-induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model, and simultaneously markedly suppress cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and mast cell (MC) infiltration in 4NQO-induced mouse tongue cancers. In vitro, our results revealed that MK2206 2HCl could also inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell malignant biological behaviors, including cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion, and migration, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that MK2206 2HCl suppressed matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and RhoC expression and promoted autophagy gene LC3 II expression. In summary, our findings demonstrated the chemopreventive effect of MK2206 2HCl on the 4NQO-induced mouse tongue carcinogenesis model, which likely has an underlying mechanism mediated by the MMP-9/RhoC signaling pathway and autophagy.
Flight Endurance Increasing Technology of New Energy UAV Based on a Strut-Braced Wing
Authors: Liu Li , Bai Wencan , Yang Dun
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the feasibility of using the strut-braced wing (SBW) configuration to improve the flight endurance of the new energy unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A conceptual scheme of a new energy UAV with SBW configuration was designed, and the influence of the SBW on the aerodynamic and structural performance was analyzed. The results show that the SBW can improve the structural performance of the wing and increase the solar laying area of the wing, but the aerodynamic performance did not improve significantly. From the perspective of UAV energy consumption in level flight, the subtraction between electric output power and solar input power is selected as the evaluation index of the increasing effect of the flight endurance. A multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) model was established considering the coupling of aerodynamics, structure, energy, and weight. Surrogate model technology and multiobjective genetic algorithm are used to optimize the SBW configuration. Compared with the conventional configuration, the optimal design result of the SBW configuration can reduce the level-flight output power and increase the solar input power, thus effectively increasing the flight endurance of the UAV.
Research on Underwater Sound Source Localization Based on NLM-EEMD and FCM-Generalized Quadratic Correlation
Authors: Wang Shizhe , Li Zongji , Wang Pingbo , Sun Yuchen
Published: October 2022

The accuracy of underwater sound source localization depends on the preprocessing effect of signal denoising and delay estimation performance. In order to meet the needs of high-precision underwater positioning, this article studies a time delay estimation method based on nonlocal mean-enforced mean empirical mode decomposition (NLM-EEMD) autocorrelation denoising preprocessing and fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM)-generalized quadratic for underwater sound source localization technology. The theories such as NLM, EEMD, FCM, and generalized quadratic correlation delay estimation are studied in detail, and the speech signal of the test library in the TIMIT standard library is selected for simulation analysis, which verifies the correctness of the delay estimation method. Experiments were carried out in a larger outdoor pool. The analysis results show that the NLM-EEMD adaptive denoising method effectively reduces noise interference and improves the quality of EEMD decomposition and the FCM-generalized quadratic correlation method increases the correlation between two signals. The time delay estimation accuracy is improved, and the positioning accuracy is 48.66% higher than that of the direct generalized cross-correlation method.
Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis in a Diabetic Patient with Normal Kidney Function and Occult Cirrhosis
Authors: Chidiac Jad , Kassab Rebecca , Iskandar Mirella , Koubar Sahar , Aoun Mabel
Published: October 2022

Background. Lactic acidosis is a well-known complication of metformin accumulation in diabetic patients with kidney failure. However, it is not usual to raise the diagnosis of metformin-associated lactic acidosis when patients have normal kidney function. The causes of metformin-induced high lactate include the accumulation of normal doses of metformin in chronic kidney disease, an overdose of this drug without kidney failure, or an increase in lactate production due to the inhibition of liver gluconeogenesis. Case Presentation. We report the case of a 61-year-old diabetic man who was brought to the emergency room in a comatose state. His family reported abdominal pain with diarrhea in the last two days. He was found to have severe lactic acidosis with normal serum creatinine. He was on a regular dose of metformin, and his family denied any other medical history or any alcohol abuse. He showed no signs of infection, his liver enzymes were slightly elevated, and he had severe anemia. His hemodynamics deteriorated quickly within hours, and an abdominal computed tomography scan revealed no abnormalities. He underwent a laparotomy that ruled out mesenteric ischemia and revealed an abnormal liver. The liver biopsy later confirmed the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Conclusions. We discuss here the probable causes of severe lactic acidosis and the role of metformin in exacerbating this acid-base disturbance in cirrhotic patients. Future research is needed to determine whether these patients might benefit from dialysis.
A Case of a Large Intraabdominal Abscess in a Patient with Cirrhosis Misdiagnosed as Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Authors: Ali Saeed , Sohail Abdullah , Brown Kyle
Published: October 2022

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is a known complication of patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. It is differentiated from secondary bacterial peritonitis by the absence of an intraabdominal source of infection. We present a 56-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis who underwent multiple paracenteses that yielded fluid with progressively increasing neutrophil counts and several different organisms, recurring despite numerous treatments for SBP. Eventually, a computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and the pelvis revealed a large intraabdominal abscess (22 × 13 cm) treated with an ultrasound-guided drain and IV antibiotics. Recurrent episodes of SBP despite appropriate antibiotics should raise suspicion for secondary bacterial peritonitis. It is crucial to differentiate SBP from secondary bacterial peritonitis as the mortality of the latter is much higher without prompt treatment. Appropriate antibiotic regimens, prompt surgical treatment, and postoperative care are crucial to improving clinical outcomes in these patients.
Design and Analysis of Front Side Modular Multilevel Converter for Smart Transformer in 15 kV Arba Minch Distribution Network Using Diverse Controllers and Multicarrier Modulation
Authors: Loaena Yalisho Girma , Biru Ing. Getachew , Reddy Chandra Sekha
Published: October 2022

This paper presents design and analysis of a bidirectional medium voltage (MV) front-side converter of smart transformer (ST) for Arba Minch Town distribution system. A modular multilevel converter (MMC) configuration is used in the MV side of the ST. The grid side MV is 15 kV RMS line value and the desired MVDC voltage is 24.5 kV for ensuring bidirectional operation of the converter in the time of grid outage. A half bridge semiconductor power module is used to model the front-side MMC. Based on the MV DC voltage requirement, the number of submodules per phase leg is designed to be four (four in the upper arm and four in the lower arm). Multicarrier modulation techniques such as phase-shifted PWM and level-shifted PWM are used to generate gate signals. The model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink, and its performance with respect to input side voltage harmonics, current harmonics, and output DC voltage value has been tested by carrying out several case studies under different controllers such as proportional integrator(PI), fuzzy inference system (FIS), and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for obtaining reference signal for modulation. Level-shifted PWM is used with PI, FIS, and ANFIS, whereas phase-shifted PWM with a technique of introducing DC bias is used with PI controller alone. From the simulation results, it has been observed that better power system current quality of FS-MMC is obtained for PS-PWM (2.16%) than level-shifted PWM (5.22%). Use of FIS and ANFIS with level shift PWM method slightly brings down the current THD values to 2.98% and 2.72%, respectively (decrease by 2.5%). Also, a maximum output DC voltage of 24650 V is obtained for ANFIS with level shift PWM as compared to values obtained by PI with level shift PWM and PI with phase shift PWM.
The Activity and Ranging Patterns of Gelada Monkeys as Behavioral Responses to the Effects of Livestock Grazing in the Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Belayneh , Ashagrie Mezgebu , Moges Eshetu
Published: October 2022

Understanding of behavioral ecology of primates in grazed lands is vital to their conservation and monitoring strategies. Here we investigated how livestock grazing within the Simien Mountains National Park affects the activity time budgeting and ranging behavior of the geladas, a monkey endemic to Ethiopian highlands. This study was carried out from February 2019 to July 2019 by stratifying the study area as grazed and nongrazed sites. Activity time pattern data were collected using 5 minutes instantaneous scan sampling within 15 minutes intervals from 7:00 to 18:00 for 10 days per month in the grazed and nongrazed sites. The ranging data were also collected by tracking the study group and recording GPS points every 15 minutes sample. The effects of livestock grazing on activity time budgets were statistically analyzed by multiple analyses of variance (MANOVA). Daily range length and home range size were estimated by employing the Open Jump toolbox (MOVEAN), and statistically tested by Mann–Whitney U test. From 3427 behavioral scans on the various activities, feeding was the most frequent (43.04%) behavioral activity followed by moving, accounting for 38.06% of the time. The study revealed that grazing has a statistically significant effect on moving and social activity time budgets. The geladas dwelling in the grazed areas of the park spent more time in moving than in the nongrazed areas. The effect of grazing on social behavior is the reverse of moving. Similarly, geladas traveled longer daily range length and cover a wider home range size in the grazed areas. Therefore, these findings of the study imply that livestock grazing is adversely affecting the behavior of gelada monkeys in the park. To minimize such effects on gelada monkeys and harmonize grazing with wildlife habitat conservation, the grazing pressure reduction strategy must be closely monitored and supported by animal feed cultivation technology.
Genetic Diversity of Escherichia coli Coharboring mcr‐1 and Extended Spectrum Beta‐Lactamases from Poultry
Authors: Jamil Arslan , Zahoor Muhammad Asif , Nawaz Zeeshan , Siddique Abu Baker , Khurshid Mohsin
Published: October 2022

Background. The emergence of resistance to beta‐lactam agents in poultry results in multidrug‐resistant (MDR) phenotypes in Escherichia coli isolates from poultry birds. The appearance of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in the poultry sector has further worsened the situation. Therefore, the current study is aimed at investigating the molecular epidemiology of mcr harboring colistin‐resistant E. coli among poultry. Methods. The isolation and identification of colistin‐resistant E. coli (CR‐Ec) were done from the broiler’s fecal samples through culturing using selective media supplemented with colistin sulfate (4 μg/ml). The antibiogram studies of the isolates were performed using the disc diffusion method and broth microdilution method as per CLSI guidelines. The screening for the genes conferring resistance to colistin as well as beta‐lactam agents was performed by PCR. The genetic diversity of mcr-positive strains was assessed by multilocus sequencing typing (MLST). Results. Out of 500 fecal samples, 7% (35/500) were found positive for the presence of colistin‐resistant E. coli (CR‐Ec). Among the CR‐Ec isolates, 74.28% (26/35) were detected as ESBL producers carrying the blaCTX‐M‐1 gene in 15/35 (42.85%) isolates and blaCTX‐M‐15 and blaTEM genes in 21/35 (60%) and 35/35 (100%) isolates, respectively. E. coli isolates were found positive for the presence of mcr‐1, although none of the isolates exhibited the mcr‐2 or mcr‐3 genes. The MLST of CR‐Ec has shown the ST1035 as the most prevalent genotype, while 82.85% (29/35) of CR‐Ec strains belonged to clonal complex (CC) 131 comprising ST1035, ST131, ST1215, ST1650, and ST2279. Conclusions. The findings suggest a continuous monitoring system in veterinary and clinical settings to avoid unnecessary antibiotics. Further studies are needed at the national level to help control the increasing resistance among Enterobacterales in poultry settings.
The Link between ANRIL Gene RS4977574 Polymorphism and Common Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Complications: A Hospital‐Based Case‐Control Study in Ukrainian Population
Authors: Kniazkova Polina V. , Harbuzova Viktoriia Yu. , Pokhmura Vladyslav V.
Published: October 2022

The Aim. To test the possible association between ANRIL rs4977574 polymorphism and the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications (acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and large artery stroke (LAS)) in Ukrainian population. Materials and Methods. 195 patients with ACS, 200 patients with LAS, and 234 control subjects were enrolled in this case‐control study. Real‐time PCR was used for ANRIL rs4977574 genotyping. SPSS software package (version 17.0, IBM, USA) was used for data analysis. Results. A significant association between rs4977574 polymorphism and the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications was found under the recessive model regardless of adjustment for nongenetic risk factors (OR = 1.551; p = 0.025). Moreover, the link between rs4977574 locus and serum levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.021) and LDL (p = 0.022) was detected. A separate analysis in subgroups demonstrated the association of rs4977574 polymorphism with increased risk of ACS under the recessive model (OR = 1.501; p = 0.048). No relation between rs4977574 site and LAS development was revealed (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Obtained data suggested that ANRIL rs4977574‐GG genotype can be a possible genetic marker for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications in Ukrainian population.
Network Pharmacology Analyses of the Pharmacological Targets and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Salvianolic Acid A in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Huang Qing , Zhang Chao , Tang Shaoyong , Wu Xiaoyan , Peng Xiong
Published: October 2022

Objective. Salvianolic acid A, a natural polyphenolic ingredient extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, possesses an excellent pharmacological activity against cardiovascular diseases. Herein, therapeutic mechanisms of salvianolic acid A in myocardial infarction were explored through systematic and comprehensive network pharmacology analyses. Methods. The chemical structure of salvianolic acid A was retrieved from PubChem database. Targets of salvianolic acid A were estimated through SwissTargetPrediction, HERB, and TargetNet databases. Additionally, by GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET, and TTD online tools, myocardial infarction-relevant targets were predicted. Following intersection, therapeutic targets were determined. The interaction of their products was evaluated with STRING database, and hub therapeutic targets were selected. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of therapeutic targets were then implemented. H9C2 cells were exposed to oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic myocardial infarction and administrated with salvianolic acid A. Cellular proliferation was assayed via CCK‐8 assay, and hub therapeutic targets were verified with RT-qPCR. Results. In total, 120 therapeutic targets of salvianolic acid A in myocardial infarction were identified. There were close interactions between their products. Ten hub therapeutic targets were determined, covering SRC, CTNNB1, PIK3CA, AKT1, RELA, EGFR, FYN, ITGB1, MAPK8, and NFKB1. Therapeutic targets were significantly correlated to myocardial infarction-relevant pathways, especially PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Salvianolic acid A administration remarkably ameliorated the viability of OGD/R-induced H9C2 cells, and altered the expression of hub therapeutic targets. Conclusion. Our work uncovers therapeutic mechanisms of salvianolic acid A for the treatment of myocardial infarction, providing a new insight into further research on salvianolic acid A.
Synthesis and Implementation of a Multiport Dual Input-Dual Output Converter for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Shaik Reddi Khasim , Dhanamjayulu C.
Published: October 2022

In recent years, multiport DC-DC converters are seen in a variety of power converter applications in electric vehicles. The design of multiport converter architectures plays a major role in DC microgrids and electric vehicle applications. This research examines a modified multiport converter structure interface with dual inputs and dual outputs used in electric vehicles. The versatility of accommodating energy sources with varying voltage and current nature characteristics is the most notable feature of this converter. During operation, the proposed architecture can offer a boost as well as buck operations at the same time. The suggested dual input-dual output (DIDO) converter is built with fewer components and a simpler control technique which makes it more dependable and the converter is cost-effective. Furthermore, this structure allows the power to flow in both directions making it to be utilized in electric vehicle battery charging during regenerative braking. The converter’s steady-state and dynamic behavior are investigated, and a control strategy for regulating the power flow among the varied input energies is proposed. To develop the suggested converter, a small-signal model is modeled. MATLAB simulation and experimental findings are used for the verification of converter design and validated the performance behavior experimentally using a hardware setup.
A Macrophage Differentiation-Mediated Gene: DDX20 as a Molecular Biomarker Encompassing the Tumor Microenvironment, Disease Staging, and Prognoses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Yi , Yang Ming , Pang Huasheng , Qiu Yiwen , Sun Ting , Wang Tao , Shen Shu , Wang Wentao
Published: October 2022

Background. DDX20 involves the mechanism of cell proliferate, mitogenic Ets transcriptional suppressor (METS), which can arrest the cell cycle of macrophages. However, little is known about DDX20 expression, clinical values, and the relationship with tumor microenvironment in HCC. Methods. We mined the transcriptional, protein expression and survival data of DDX20 in HCC from online databases. The immunological effects of DDX20 were estimated by bioinformatic algorithms. The RNAi and CRISPR screening were used to assess the gene effect of DDX20 for the EGFR gene in liver tumor cell. Results. We found that the DDX20 was highly expressed in HCC. The qRT-PCR result shows a significantly upregulated DDX20 expression in HCC samples from the West China Hospital. The high mRNA expression of DDX20 is associated with a poor survival. DDX20 expression is positively correlated with MDSCs in HCC tissues. Moreover, DDX20 has a high predicted ability for the response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, hsa-mir-324-5p could regulate the macrophage differentiation by interacting with DDX20. Meanwhile, the EGFR gene gets a high dependency score for DDX20. Conclusion. In sum, DDX20 may serve as a prognostic marker for worse clinical outcomes with HCC and potentially enable more precise and personalized immunotherapeutic strategies in the future.
TP53 or Not TP53: That Is the Question
Authors: Green Steven D. , Zeidner Joshua F.
Published: October 2022

Azacitidine and venetoclax are a standard first-line regimen for patients with newly diagnosed unfit acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In a pooled subset analysis, TP53-mutated AML with poor-risk cytogenetics does not appear to benefit from the addition of venetoclax to azacitidine. This has clinical implications as these patients should be preferentially treated with alternative regimens.

See related article by Pollyea et al., p. 5272
When Cancer Cells Become the Enablers of an Antitumor Immune Response
Authors: Ribas Antoni , Haining W. Nicholas , Schumacher Ton N.M.
Published: October 2022

Tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells unleashed by the blockade of immune checkpoints have to overcome a hostile tumor microenvironment (TME). They start from very small numbers of T cells with tumor antigen specificity and, despite expansion, likely remain at a numerical disadvantage to the tumor cells they target. To overcome these obstacles, we propose that T cells need to change the TME to make it permissive for their antitumor effects by altering the phenotype of cells beyond the cancer cells they are in physical contact with. In this process, IFNγ secreted by tumor-specific T cells plays a critical role, as it changes the expression of hundreds of genes in cancer cells and other immune cells in the TME up to 40 layers of cells away from their location, effectively turning these cells into enablers of the antitumor immune response. In this perspective, we postulate that the clinical activity of cancer immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint blocking antibodies and adoptively transferred T cells requires that cancer cells facilitate the antitumor immune response. IFNγ effectively changes the balance of power in the TME to enable the antitumor activity of tumor antigen–specific cytotoxic T cells.
Enterotomy Closure after Minimally Invasive Distal Gastrectomy with Intracorporeal Anastomosis: A Multicentric Study
Authors: Milone Marco , Vertaldi Sara , Alfano Marie Sophie , Agrusa Antonino , Anania Gabriele , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Bianchi Pietro Paolo , Biondi Alberto , Bracale Umberto , Buscemi Salvatore , Chiozza Matteo , Corcione Francesco , D’Ugo Domenico , Degiuli Maurizio , De Simone Giuseppe , Elmore Ugo , Galli Federica , Giuliani Giuseppe , Maida Pietro , Maione Francesco , Manigrasso Michele , Marte Giampaolo , Olmi Stefano , Rausei Stefano , Reddavid Rossella , Rosati Riccardo , Uccelli Matteo , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , Cassinotti Elisa , Boni Luigi
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Despite progressive improvements in technical skills and instruments that have facilitated surgeons performing intracorporeal gastro-jejunal and jejuno-jejunal anastomoses, one of the big challenging tasks is handsewn knot tying. We analysed the better way to fashion a handsewn intracorporeal enterotomy closure after a stapled anastomosis. Methods: All 579 consecutive patients from January 2009 to December 2019 who underwent minimally invasive partial gastrectomy for gastric cancer were retrospectively analysed. Different ways to fashion intracorporeal anastomoses were investigated: robotic versus laparoscopic approach; laparoscopic high definition versus three-dimensional versus 4K technology; single-layer versus double-layer enterotomies. Double-layer enterotomies were analysed layer by layer, comparing running versus interrupted suture; the presence versus absence of deep corner suture; and type of suture thread. Results: Significantly lower rates of bleeding (p = 0.011) and leakage (p = 0.048) from gastro-jejunal anastomosis were recorded in the double-layer group. Barbed suture thread was significantly associated with reduced intraluminal bleeding and leakage rates both in the first (p = 0.042 and p = 0.010) and second layer (p = 0.002 and p = 0.029). Conclusions: Double-layer sutures using barbed suture thread both in first and second layer to fashion enterotomy closure result in lower intraluminal bleeding and anastomotic leak rates.
Recurrence Pattern Comparing Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Preoperative Chemotherapy with Docetaxel plus 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin for Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Sugase Takahito , Sugimura Keijiro , Kanemura Takashi , Takeoka Tomohira , Yamamoto Masaaki , Shinno Naoki , Hara Hisashi , Omori Takeshi , Fujii Yoshiaki , Mukai Yosuke , Mikamori Manabu , Hasegawa Shinichiro , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Akita Hirofumi , Nishimura Junichi , Wada Hiroshi , Matsuda Chu , Yasui Masayoshi , Miyata Hiroshi
Published: October 2022

Background: Preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) or chemotherapy (CT) followed by surgery is currently being administered for advanced esophageal cancer. However, few studies have directly compared CRT and CT for treating locally advanced esophageal carcinoma. This study aimed to assess postoperative recurrence patterns and post-recurrence outcomes in patients with radical esophagectomy after CRT or triplet CT regimen with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF). Methods: This study included 325 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who received preoperative CRT or DCF followed by curative esophagectomy between January 2010 and December 2019. We compared recurrence patterns after surgery and post-recurrence treatments between CRT and DCF. Locoregional recurrence was defined as recurrences at the primary tumor site or regional lymph nodes. Distant recurrence was defined as non-regional lymph node recurrences, systemic metastases, malignant pleural effusions, or peritoneal metastases. Results: Among 325 patients, 74 received preoperative CF + RT and 251 received preoperative DCF. A propensity score-matched cohort of 53 with CRT and 53 with DCF was included. CRT patients had tumors located in the upper esophagus and had more advanced cancer than DCF patients; however, no differences in patient characteristics were observed in the matched cohort. CRT patients had better histopathological responses and control of locoregional recurrence than DCF patients. On the other hand, distant recurrence, especially in the non-regional lymph node, lung, and pleural dissemination, significantly developed more frequently in CRT patients. Furthermore, CRT patients may have received insufficient post-recurrence treatment, owing to fewer treatment options. Therefore, although there was no difference in recurrence rate in the two groups, CRT patients had significantly poorer post-recurrence survival than DCF patients. Conclusions: Preoperative DCF could reduce distant recurrence after surgery compared to preoperative CRT. The differences in recurrence patterns can be related to the selection of post-recurrence treatment and their prognosis after recurrence.
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with del(6)(p22) and Atypical bcr2 PML::RARA Fusion Transcript: A Case Report
Authors: Lauricella Calogero , Greco Rosa , Mancini Valentina , Motta Valentina , Ciraolo Anna , De Canal Gabriella , De Paoli Elena , Paglino Giulia , Guido Valentina , Bonoldi Emanuela , Veronese Silvio , Soriani Silvia
Published: October 2022

More than 95% of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) are characterized by the reciprocal translocation t(15;17)(q24;21), which involves the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) gene on chromosome 15 and the retinoic acid receptor-α (RARA) gene on chromosome 17, leading to the production of the PML::RARA chimeric gene. Additional chromosomal abnormalities are described in all acute myeloid leukemias and occur in approximately one-third of patients with newly diagnosed APL. Here, we report the case of de novo APL showing the classical t(15;17)(q24;q21), a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p), and a noncanonical molecular variant of the PML::RARA transcript. Nevertheless, the patient achieved complete remission after treatment with conventional therapy with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). Notwithstanding that the molecular pathogenesis of this type of atypical variant still remains unknown, we conclude that this atypical PML::RARA bcr2 fusion gene associated with del(6p) does not seem to alter the effectiveness of combined treatment with ATRA and ATO.
Descriptions of new gynandromorphs of Xylocopa augusti Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopini) from Argentina
Authors: Almada Valentín , Ramello Pablo José , González Víctor Hugo , Lucia Mariano
Published: October 2022

Gynandromorphs are individuals that display both male and female features throughout the body and are rarely found in nature. We document and describe two new gynandromorphs of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa (Neoxylocopa) augusti reared from a trap-nest in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. In addition, based on a literature review, we assessed the frequency of the different types of gynandromorphs, and the body part affected, among large carpenter bees. Both gynandromorphs were assigned to the mixed category, the most common category reported in the literature (22 of 25 specimens). The remaining three specimens exhibit a bilateral pattern in all tagmata. The presence of both sexes' secondary sexual characteristics occurred more frequently on the mesosoma than on the head or metasoma. Trap nests used in bee hotels promote the conservation and study of wild bees and might facilitate the discovery of rare cases of gynandromorphs that would remain unknown otherwise under normal nesting conditions in the wild.
Erôs and Intelligible Desire in Plotinus’ Enneads
Authors: Papanidi Maria Kristina
Published: October 2022

In Ennead III.5 On Love, Plotinus' discussion of erôs is underlined by Plato’s discourse on love in the Symposium and the Phaedrus.[1] Plotinus conceives erôs as a purified power, which directs the soul to the intelligible realm of beauty and the world of the Forms.[2] Modern scholarship considers the Plotinian erôs as an ascending power that is always directed to the higher realm of the Forms and never to the lower perceptible realm. Throughout the Enneads, the soul is described as purely and originally an intelligible entity in all its manifestations and expressions (ex. Ennead IV.8).[3] Plotinus particularly supports a dual aspect theory of the soul, in which the homogenous psychē consists of two interrelated aspects - a higher intelligible part related to Intellect, and a lower perceptible part related to the sensible bodies (Caluori, 2015; Remes, 2007; Stamatellos, 2013; Stern-Gillet, 2009). However, limited attention has been paid to the intelligible aspects of the soul's desire in Plotinus' conception of erôs. In this context, this paper aims to revisit the view that Plotinus completely refuted the desire of the physical bodies, and consequently refuted erôs as a power directed to the lower perceptible realm (Ferwerda, 1965; Friedländer, 1964; Hadot, 1963; Wallis, 1995). It is argued that in light of the soul's intelligibility, desire also has an intelligible aspect when it is directed, along with the power of love, to the earthly realm and thus the true intelligible beauty of the perceptible bodies is recognized.

 

[1] Hereafter, all quotations from Plotinus’ Enneads will solely refer to Armstrong’s (1966-1988) translations.

[2] See Bertozzi (2012, 2021); Tatarkiewicz (1980); Wallis (1995); Wiitala (2013), Vasilakis (2021).

[3] For Plotinus’ theory of the soul, see his treatises in Ennead IV. Also see Blumenthal (1971) and Caluori (2015).
Responses to Ang II (Angiotensin II), Salt Intake, and Lipopolysaccharide Reveal the Diverse Actions of TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) on Blood Pressure and Renal Function
Authors: Crorkin Patrick , Hao Shoujin , Ferreri Nicholas R.
Published: October 2022

TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) is the best known as a proinflammatory cytokine; yet, this cytokine also has important immunomodulatory and regulatory functions. As the effects of TNF-α on immune system function were being revealed, the spectrum of its activities appeared in conflict with each other before investigators defined the settings and mechanisms by which TNF-α contributed to both host defense and chronic inflammation. These effects reflect self-protective mechanisms that may become harmful when dysregulated. The paradigm of physiological and pathophysiological effects of TNF-α has since been uncovered in the lung, colon, and kidney where its role has been identified in pulmonary edema, electrolyte reabsorption, and blood pressure regulation, respectively. Recent studies on the prohypertensive and inflammatory effects of TNF-α in the cardiovascular system juxtaposed to those related to NaCl and blood pressure homeostasis, the response of the kidney to lipopolysaccharide, and protection against bacterial infections are helping define the mechanisms by which TNF-α modulates distinct functions within the kidney. This review discusses how production of TNF-α by renal epithelial cells may contribute to regulatory mechanisms that not only govern electrolyte excretion and blood pressure homeostasis but also maintain the appropriate local hypersalinity environment needed for optimizing the innate immune response to bacterial infections in the kidney. It is possible that the wide range of effects mediated by TNF-α may be related to severity of disease, amount of inflammation and TNF-α levels, and the specific cell types that produce this cytokine, areas that remain to be investigated further.