bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accidentes por animales ponzoñosos en pacientes internados en un hospital de niños en Lima, Perú. Estudio retrospectivo en el periodo 2000-2009
Authors: Miriam Segura Miriam Segura , Hernández Henry , Falcón Néstor , Silva Walter
Published: February 2016

Se caracterizó los accidentes por animales ponzoñosos en pacientes internados en un hospital de niños en Lima-Perú, período 2000 – 2009. De 105 historias clínicas revisadas, 85,7% (90) fueron casos de aracneísmo y 12,4% (13) de ofidismo; además de un accidente por alacrán y uno por larva de lepidóptero. Entre los accidentados por arácnidos, la edad media fue 7,1 años. Se presentó casos de loxoscelismo cutáneo (51,1%) y loxoscelismo víscero hemolítico cutáneo (48,9%), producido por Loxosceles laeta. La hospitalización media fue de 13,2 días. Las lesiones se ubicaron en: cara, cabeza y cuello (25,5%); miembro superior (32,1%); tórax y abdomen (18,9%) y miembros inferiores (23,3%). Los signos y síntomas frecuentes fueron edema (83,3%), dolor (81,1%), eritema (76,7%) y flogosis (56,7%). El 66,7% de los casos recibió suero antiloxoscélico monovalente. Las complicaciones frecuentes fueron infecciones de piel (57,8%), insuficiencia renal aguda (32,2%) y fasceitis necrotizante (3,3%). Hubo dos fallecimientos. Entre los accidentados por ofidios, la edad media fue 8,3 años. El 46,2% fueron casos moderados y 53,8% severos., producidos por Bothrops atrox (92,3%) y Bothrops pictus (7,7%). La hospitalización media fue de 33,8 días. Las lesiones se ubicaron en: cabeza (7,7%), miembro superior (38,5%) y miembros inferiores (53,9%). Los signos y síntomas frecuentes fueron edema (84,6%), dolor (84,6%) y necrosis (69,2%). El 84,6% de los casos recibió suero antibotrópico polivalente. Las complicaciones frecuentes fueron síndrome compartimental (38,5%), fascitis necrotizante (30,8 %) e infecciones de piel (15,4%). Se reportó un fallecimiento.
Detección del virus de la Hepatitis A en dos muestras de agua del Río Sechura, usando transcriptasa-reversa PCR en tiempo real.
Authors: Marcos Alexandra , Gómez-Sánchez Muriel , Hung Armando
Published: February 2016

El Virus de la Hepatitis A (VHA) es un patógeno de transmisión fecal-oral, y el agua es un medio importante para su diseminación. El Río Sechura (Piura, Perú) desemboca al mar y representaría una fuente de contaminación a las playas Chulliyachi, San Pedro y San Pablo en donde se extraen moluscos bivalvos. Objetivo: Detectar VHA en muestras de agua del río Sechura mediante técnicas moleculares. Métodología: Se recogió en total 24 muestras de agua en tres puntos geográficos del río Sechura, en intervalos de cada 15 días durante 4 meses (de mayo a setiembre de 2013). Cada muestra se trasladó en botellas estériles de 1 litro. A cada botella se le realizó un proceso de concentración de virus en agua, luego extracción de ARN, y RT-PCR en tiempo real. Resultados y Conclusiones: Dos muestras (2/24, 8.3%) resultaron positivas a VHA. Este es el primer reporte de presencia de VHA en agua de río en el Perú.
Accidentes ocupacionales en personal que labora en clínicas y consultorios de animales de compañía, Lima 2010
Authors: Breña Jorge , Falcón Néstor , Fernández Carla , Zuazo José
Published: February 2016

La práctica veterinaria es considerada como una actividad de alto riesgo y la posibilidad de sufrir daños a la salud producto de accidentes ocupacionales es latente. Objetivo: identificar los accidentes ocupacionales asociados a la actividad laboral de los profesionales que laboran en consultorios y clínicas veterinarias de animales de compañía en la ciudad de Lima durante el año 2010. Metodología: Se elaboró y aplicó una encuesta semi estructurada a Médicos Veterinarios y personal técnico que laboraban en estos lugares, para identificar datos generales de los accidentes producidos durante la actividad laboral y una percepción acerca de este problema por parte de los encuestados. Resultados y Conclusiones: Se encuestaron a 400 personas. La edad y tiempo de experiencia en la actividad fue de 29.3 (18-63) y 5.5 (1-40) años en promedio, respectivamente. El 55% fueron varones y 45% mujeres. El 80.8% sufrieron al menos un accidente en el 2010. Los accidentes más frecuentes producidos por animales fueron mordeduras (31.1%) y arañazos (26.6%); y los producidos por elementos inanimados fueron pinchazos (21.5%) y cortes (8.7%). Los manos (68.9%) y brazos (20.2%) fueron las regiones anatómicas más afectadas y las cicatrices la secuela más común (49.9%). El 44.5% reportó problemas musculo esqueléticas en espalda, cuello y/o extremidades. El área de trabajo fue considerada cómoda para el 89% y seguras para el 79% de los trabajadores. Se hace necesario capacitar a los trabajadores de esta área sobre prácticas de seguridad y bioseguridad en el ambiente laboral.
Caracterización de la crianza no tecnificada de cerdos en el parque porcino del distrito de Villa el Salvador, Lima-Perú.
Authors: Morales Rosa , Rebatta Monica , Lucas Juan , Mateo Javier , Ramos Daphne
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: Identificar las condiciones de manejo e infraestructura en la crianza no tecnificada de cerdos en una zona peri-urbanas de Lima. Metodología: Se encuesto a 51 productores. Se tomaron datos como información demográfica y características del sistema productivo. Resultados y Conclusiones: La edad promedio de los productores fue de 51.3 años (rangos de 19 a 74 años) y el tiempo promedio que dedicaban a la actividad fue de 10.8 años (rangos de 01 a 45 años). Se registró como propiedad un total de 1401 animales (290 marranas, 34 verracos, 622 gorrinos y 455 lechones). El número de lechones nacidos por cada parto fue de 10.1 y la cantidad de nacimientos por año por productor fue de 94. Las principales causas de morbi-mortalidad fueron los problemas diarreicos y el cólera porcino. El 86.3% cocina los alimentos que consumen los animales. El 64.7% no recibe asesoría profesional, el 89.9% aplica vacunación contra el cólera y el 72.5% no lleva ningún tipo de registro. El modo predominante de comercialización de los cerdos es la venta en pie a intermediarios o acopiadores (84%), donde el cálculo del peso se hace visualmente. La condición de los corrales fue considerada buena solo en 2 casos. La madera es el material predominante en cercos, comederos y bebederos. Los pisos son de tierra. El 86.3% obtiene agua del camión cisterna, el 86.3% poseía letrinas y el 57.7% cuenta con servicio eléctrico. Los resultados del estudio permitieron identificar las principales deficiencias de este proceso productivo y a partir de ellas se pueden aplicar estrategias de intervención para superarlas.
Editorial, ou à guisa de um começo
Authors: Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Reboucas , Silva João Nunes da , Moraes Nelson Russo de
Published: February 2016

Volume 1. Número 1. O início de uma caminhada. Esse é o número de abertura da Revista Observatório, publicado pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa e Extensão Observatório de Pesquisas Aplicadas ao Jornalismo e ao Ensino (OPAJE) da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT).  Mas, mesmo sendo a ‘abertura', não se trata de um começo, apenas. É o consolidar de uma caminhada realizada pelo OPAJE-UFT e seus pesquisadores desde sua criação em 2013, primeiro como Grupo de Pesquisa na plataforma dos Diretórios de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq, e, depois, em 2014, quando de sua aprovação como Núcleo de Pesquisa e Extensão pela própria universidade. 
Arquivamento e preservação de longo prazo do arquivo em:
OpenDepot / Edina (The University of Edinburgh): http://opendepot.org/2713/
 
Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):
Issuu / Calameo
Reflexões sobre a cultura da imagem e o imaginário feminino na publicidade
Authors: Meneses Verônica Dantas , Miranda Cynthia Mara
Published: February 2016

O paper reflete a construção de práticas de consumo sobre a idealização da imagem feminina a partir da publicidade. A análise mostrou corpos femininos erotizados e disciplinados, que vendem um padrão ideal de beleza distinto e distante da diversidade das mulheres brasileiras; as peças também apontam que a mulher na atualidade vivencia paradoxos uma vez que é preciso se anular em um determinado momento para poder ser uma mulher desejada e realizada em outro, e ainda apresentam o contexto de um reforço do imaginário feminino em torno de uma mistificação da mulher, mas tudo à luz da sociedade do consumo.
A Leitura e a Tela
Authors: Rocha Sérgio Luiz Alves da
Published: February 2016

Este texto originou-se a partir de uma pesquisa de doutorado realizada em uma escola pública de ensino médio do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O principal objetivo do trabalho era discutir - com professores e alunos - alguns temas relacionados às suas concepções e práticas de leitura, utilizando como recuroso metodológico imagens produzidas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa. Diferentes concepções sobre a leitura, a relação entre a leitura literária e outros tipos de leitura e dessas com as "novas tecnologias", o papel da escola, motivando ou não o acesso aos diferentes suportes e textos, foram alguns dos tópicos discutidos naquele estudo. Durante a realização da pesquisa abordei a leitura como prática cultural, nos termos propostos pela história cultural. Este texto privilegia um recorte desta discussão, abordando a relação entre a imagem, a leitura e a escola.
Os sentidos nos ditos e nos não ditos pelas revistas Veja, Época, IstoÉ e CartaCapital sobre a posse da presidente Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Bertasso Daiane , Franzoni Sabrina , Lisboa Silvia
Published: February 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender quais são os sentidos produzidos nos ditos e nos não ditos pelas revistas Veja, Época, IstoÉ e CartaCapital sobre a posse da presidente Dilma Rousseff. Com base na perspectiva teórico-metodológica da análise do discurso, identificamos três formações discursivas predominantes nos ditos das quatro revistas: Posse controversa, Posse melancólica e Posse da dieta. Já nos sentidos produzidos pelos não ditos, observamos por parte de Época, IstoÉ e CartaCapital a reiteração da maioria dos sentidos presentes nos ditos de Veja, que saiu na frente na cobertura sobre a posse. Isso mostra, entre outras coisas, que a prática discursiva do jornalismo prevalece em relação ao posicionamento editorial das revistas.
Cidade. City. Cité. Smartcity. O espaço contemporâneo do Período Técnico Científico Informacional. Duas experiências globais
Authors: Silva Paulo Celso
Published: February 2016

Apresentamos, em linhas gerais, duas experiências urbanas conceitualmente diferentes, seja na maneira de criar e organizar o espaço ou no viver. Celebration uma cidade informacional com um projeto de oferecer ao consumidor-morador uma alternativa estética na união entre a tecnologia e a tradição. Empresas de grande porte oferecem e vendem o que de mais atual pode se esperar em produtos para a casa, modernos aparatos para facilitar a vida. A cidade asiática, por seu turno, oferece o conceito de Smartcity, onde a tecnologia não é oferecida em si-mesmo, mas, conectada à  inteligência do morador.
Jornais de internet simulam o papel
Authors: Moherdaui Luciana
Published: February 2016

A partir de pesquisa realizada em interfaces jornalísticas dos principais sites de jornais do Brasil e do mundo, este artigo apresenta o estado da arte do jornalismo e aponta diretrizes para repensar a forma pela qual são exibidas as notícias na internet, especialmente nas redes sociais. O trabalho é fundamentado por teóricos como Lev Manovich, Tim Berners-Lee, Ted Nelson, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari.
Criatividade ao cubo: proposta de um modelo teórico para o ensino e aprendizagem da criação publicitária
Authors: Camargo Ricardo Zagallo
Published: February 2016

Ensaio que propõe um modelo para contribuir com o ensino e aprendizagem da criação publicitária, em especial em cursos de graduação de publicidade e propaganda. O texto tem como base um levantamento bibliográfico e documental e a experiência do autor como professor universitário na Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes e na Escola de Comunicação e Artes da USP, entre 1999 e 2006. A partir do entendimento de criatividade como um ato social, com compromissos, responsabilidades e vínculo com uma determinada materialidade (OSTROWER, 1987), propõe um modelo com três dimensões: repertório operacionalizável; capacidade de combinação; e responsabilidades múltiplas (sociais, culturais e criativas, entre outras). Dimensões que se contempladas, permitiriam atingir um nível de criatividade "elevado ao cubo".
O lugar das iniciativas de comunicação comunitária nas políticas de comunicação
Authors: Cabral Filho Adilson Vaz , Alcaraz Bianca Nunes , Magalhães Felipe
Published: February 2016

Este artigo visa compreender a assimilação das iniciativas de comunicação comunitária na formulação de políticas públicas de comunicação, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que busca situar as reflexões acadêmicas em torno do tema, a necessidade de sua regulamentação e o envolvimento das organizações sociais na formulação de um marco regulatório para as comunicações, no qual se inserem as iniciativas de comunicação comunitária e a capacidade de sensibilização para o tema. A partir do debate em torno da compreensão de um sistema de comunicação que prescinda de um setor distinto do estatal/governamental e do privado/mercantil, o artigo enfatiza a necessidade de definir bases para a implantação do que, de fato, seria o reconhecimento da importância de atuação histórica da comunicação comunitária em nosso país, atualmente manifesta nas rádios comunitárias e nos canais comunitários de TV a Cabo (bem como nos futuros Canais da Cidadania, em vias de implementação).
Métodos digitais e a memória acessada por APIs: Desenvolvimento de ferramenta para extração de dados de portais jornalísticos a partir da WayBack Machine
Authors: Dos Santos Marcio Carneiro
Published: February 2016

Explora-se a possibilidade de automação da coleta de dados em sites, a partir da aplicação de código construído em linguagem de programação Python, utilizando a sintaxe específica do HTML (HiperText Markup Language) para localizar e extrair elementos de interesse como links, texto e imagens. A coleta automatizada de dados, também conhecida como raspagem (scraping) é um recurso cada vez mais comum no jornalismo. A partir do acesso ao repositório digital do site www.web.archive.org, também conhecido como WayBackMachine, desenvolvemos a prova de conceito de um algoritmo capaz de recuperar, listar e oferecer ferramentas básicas de análise sobre dados coletados a partir das diversas versões de portais jornalísticos ao longo do tempo.
O Projeto Eleições Limpas e a reforma política na perspectiva de Teorias do Jornalismo: interface com a ‘Ciência dos Jornais’, Agendamento e Gatekeeper
Authors: Gadini Sérgio Luiz , Oliveira Thaís Helena Ferreira Neto
Published: February 2016

Através da Ciência periodística de Otto Groth (2011), da Teoria da Agenda e da Teoria do Gatekeeper, o trabalho traz reflexões conceituais do Jornalismo, dialogando com a proposta do Projeto Eleições Limpas e reforma política, apresentada pelo Movimento de Combate à Corrupção Eleitoral (MCCE). O estudo faz o diálogo através da perspectiva de formação da opinião pública do Eleições Limpas, que prevê coleta de assinaturas ao projeto de iniciativa popular, com algumas Teorias do Jornalismo, destacando as características da ‘Ciência dos Jornais', do agendamento temático (público, político e midiático) e dos processos de seleção através da metáfora das forças. A proposta é analisar a tematização jornalística do projeto com interface a algumas Teorias do Jornalismo.
Existe polarização nas postagens de Facebook de periódicos brasileiros durante as eleições?: Uma análise comparativa da disposição de informações sobre candidatos às eleições presidenciais no Brasil em 2014
Authors: Cervi Emerson U. , Moreira Adriana Cedillo Morales , Carlomagno Márcio C.
Published: February 2016

O paper propõe uma análise comparativa das citações dos candidatos à presidência no Brasil a partir das fanfages de Facebook de 12 jornais brasileiros, com o objetivo de identificar, por região, o volume de cobertura e a existência de viés contrário ou favorável a determinado candidato. Utilizamos como metodologia predominante a análise quantitativa de conteúdo para analisar 34.618 posts publicados nas fan pages dos jornais, entre 1º de julho e 31 de outubro de 2014, que citavam pelo menos um dos três principais candidatos a presidente: Aécio Neves (PSDB), Dilma Rousseff (PT) ou Eduardo Campos/Marina Silva (PSB). A variável utilizada para testar a hipótese é a valência do post que cita os candidatos. Os testes demonstraram diferenças importantes entre o primeiro e o segundo turno nas posturas dos jornais por região.
Atração e distração na publicidade externa dos candidatos à eleição em 2014
Authors: Trein Sérgio
Published: February 2016

Em 2014, em função de uma série de limitações impostas pela legislação eleitoral, a publicidade externa foi muito usada pelos candidatos. O problema é que as principais avenidas e cruzamentos das cidades foram tomadas por estes cavaletes, gerando uma enorme poluição visual. A partir desta questão é que surge o nosso problema de pesquisa: este acúmulo de quase um cavalete sobre o outro cria uma sensação de atração ou de distração em relação às propagandas políticas dos candidatos? Para isso, como suporte metodológico, foi utilizada a perspectiva funcionalista, através de um estudo de recepção para medir e avaliar se há um processamento da linguagem e uma consequente sensação de atração ou de distração em relação aos cavaletes de rua colocados pelos candidatos.
A Cidadania e o Pertencimento na Era da “Incompletez”
Authors: Tuzzo Simone Antoniaci , De Figueiredo Lívia Marques Ferrari
Published: February 2016

A coesão teórica entre cidadania e pertencimento é trabalhada na premissa de que para um indivíduo ser considerado e se sentir de fato cidadão ele deve, primeiramente, sentir-se pertencente socialmente ao seu meio e nele estabelecer relacionamentos. A expressão de ideias é fator que legitima a cidadania. Portanto, ser cidadão pressupõe poder relacionar-se, pressupõe ter voz, poder manifestar opiniões, dialogar, poder comunicar-se.
Percepção dos produtores rurais de Tupã, SP, sobre o processo de comunicação para execução da logística reversa de embalagens de agrotóxicos
Authors: Bernardo Cristiane Hengler Corrêa , Braga Júnior Sergio Silva , Marques Mauricio Dias , Gomes Silvia Cristina Vieira , Queiroz Timóteo Ramos
Published: February 2016

O artigo objetivou identificar a percepção de produtores rurais de Tupã/SP sobre a legislação que implantou e regulamenta a logística reversa de embalagens de agrotóxicos, bem como as informações que têm sobre sua obrigação. Buscou-se trazer elementos contidos na legislação e considerações de diversos autores, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, assim como foi aplicado um formulário com 19 questões, sobre o comportamento de 20 produtores rurais frente às informações relativas à devolução das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos. As discussões revelam que cerca de 60% dos respondentes são indiferentes, conhecem muito pouco ou desconhecem sua responsabilidade como primeiro elo da cadeia da logística reversa das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos, talvez em virtude de falhas no processo de comunicação e na fiscalização. Sugere-se que deva haver maior empenho do Poder Público com vistas a intensificar a fiscalização e tornar mais compreensível as responsabilidades desses agricultores.
Nitrogen removal from raw landfill leachate by an algae–bacteria consortium
Authors: Sniffen Kaitlyn D. , Sales Christopher M. , Olson Mira S.
Published: February 2016

A remediation system for the removal of nitrogen from landfill leachate by a mixed algae–bacteria culture was investigated. This system was designed to treat leachate with minimal inputs and maintenance requirements, and was operated as an open semi-batch reactor in an urban greenhouse. The results of this study showed a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 9.18 mg N/(L·day) and maximum biomass density of 480 mg biomass/L. The ammonia removal rates of this culture increased with increasing initial ammonia concentration; maximum nitrogen removal occurred at an ammonia concentration of 80 mg N-NH3/L. At starting ammonia concentrations above 80 mg N-NH3/L a reduction in nitrogen removal was seen; this inhibition is hypothesized to be caused by ammonia toxicity. This inhibiting concentration is considerably higher than that of many other published studies.
Pretreatment of concentrated leachate by the combination of coagulation and catalytic ozonation with Ce/AC catalyst
Authors: Qin Hangdao , Chen Honglin
Published: February 2016

A raw concentrated leachate produced from membrane bioreactor-nanofiltration (MBR-NF) was taken from Chengdu Chang'an Waste Landfill Site, China. The major fraction of this concentrated leachate was large refractory humic substances. A coagulation–ozonation process was applied to treat this leachate, aiming at enhancing chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and increasing its biodegradability. Meanwhile the molecular size distribution of the leachate, before and after coagulation and ozonation treatment, was analyzed by using ultrafiltration membrane separation. Coagulation pretreatment effectively removed varieties of large molecules in the raw concentrated leachate. The addition of Ce/AC greatly improved the oxidative ability of O3 in COD removal in the ozonation of coagulated leachate. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/COD ratio increased from 0.011 for the untreated concentrated leachate to 0.30 for the effluent of the coagulation–catalytic ozonation process, which indicated that a subsequent biological treatment could be readily conducted. The stability test demonstrated that the Ce/AC catalyst was effective and stable in the catalytic ozonation process. According to the results of molecular size distribution analysis, a direct correlation was observed between the increase of BOD5/COD and the decrease of apparent molecular weight.
Seepage-zone recognition of river water based on Cl− spatial difference
Authors: Ji Hongying , Wang Xinyi , Liu Xiaoman , Zhao Li
Published: February 2016

Based on Cl− monitoring data of river water and shallow groundwater samples on both sides of the Dashi River, we analyzed spatial distribution of Cl− content in surface water and groundwater, and evaluated the retardation strength, pCl−, the average retardation strength, pA, and the average residual retardation strength, pAR, of surface–groundwater Cl− content. We introduce the difference, Q, of the average retardation strength and the average residual retardation strength, which can be used to identify the seepage zone and the transition seepage zone of the river, and to quantitatively express the seepage range. The results show that Cl− content in the river gradually increased in areas with industrial agglomeration, but decreased in areas with non-agglomeration, and gradually decreased along the river flow. If Q ≥ 0, then there is no seepage zone in the study area, but if Q < 0, then there is a seepage zone in the study area. The sampling point is in the seepage zone when pCl− ≤ pA, in the transition seepage zone when pA < pCl− ≤ pAR, and in the no-seepage zone when pCl− > pAR. The recognition results are more consistent with field investigation.
Hydrophobic aggregation of fine particles in high muddied coal slurry water
Authors: Chen Jun , Min Fanfei , Liu Lingyun , Peng Chenliang , Lu Fangqin
Published: February 2016

The hydrophobic aggregation of fine particles in high muddied coal slurry water in the presence of four quaternary ammonium salts of 1231(dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), 1431(tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), 1631(cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) and 1831(octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) was investigated through the measurement of contact angles, zeta potentials, aggregation observation, adsorption and sedimentation. The results show that quaternary ammonium salts can enhance the hydrophobicity and reduce the electronegativity of particle surface, and thus induce a strong hydrophobic aggregation of slurry fine particles which promotes the settlement of coal slurry water. The adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts on slurry particles increases with the increase of alkyl chain length and reagent dosage, and will reach equilibrium when the dosage reaches a certain value. Weak alkaline conditions also can promote quaternary ammonium salts to be adsorbed on the coal slurry fine particles. In addition, reasonable energy input and a chemical environment of weak alkaline solution are conducive to hydrophobic aggregation settlement of high muddied coal slurry water with quaternary ammonium salts. The main mechanism of hydrophobic aggregation of coal slurry particles with quaternary ammonium salts is ‘adsorption charge neutralization’ and hydrophobic interaction.
A new and effective approach to boron removal by using novel boron-specific fungi isolated from boron mining wastewater
Authors: Ertit Taştan Burcu , Çakir Dilara Nur , Dönmez Gönül
Published: February 2016

Boron-resistant fungi were isolated from the wastewater of a boron mine in Turkey. Boron removal efficiencies of Penicillium crustosum and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa were detected in different media compositions. Minimal Salt Medium (MSM) and two different waste media containing molasses (WM-1) or whey + molasses (WM-2) were tested to make this process cost effective when scaled up. Both isolates achieved high boron removal yields at the highest boron concentrations tested in MSM and WM-1. The maximum boron removal yield by P. crustosum was 45.68% at 33.95 mg l−1 initial boron concentration in MSM, and was 38.97% at 42.76 mg l−1 boron for R. mucilaginosa, which seemed to offer an economically feasible method of removing boron from the effluents.
Experimental study on improvement effect of guide wall to water flow in bend of spillway chute
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Diao Yanfang , Zhai Xingtao , Li Shuning
Published: February 2016

In order to improve water flow in a bend of a spillway chute using a guide wall, modeling experiments with or without a guide wall under conditions of three different bend axial radii, three chute bottom slopes and three flow rates were carried out in this study. Two indexes were calculated, which are the improved water surface uniformity and the reduced rate of water surface difference in concave and convex banks of the cross-section. The results show that: (1) setting a guide wall in a bend can improve water flow in the bend because it increased the water surface uniformity of the cross-section and reduced the water surface difference in the concave and convex banks; (2) the smaller the bend axial radius, the better the water surface improvement effect will be using a guide wall; (3) the steeper the bottom slope, the more cross-sections with less water surface difference; and (4) flow rates have a great influence on water surface improvement in the bend, and the guide wall can improve water flow obviously when the water depth in the starting section of the bend is lower than the height of the guide wall. This study has important implications in engineering design of guide walls.
Fault detection and isolation of sensors in aeration control systems
Authors: Carlsson Bengt , Zambrano Jesús
Published: February 2016

In this paper, we consider the problem of fault detection (FD) and isolation in the aeration system of an activated sludge process. For this study, the dissolved oxygen in each aerated zone is assumed to be controlled automatically. As the basis for an FD method we use the ratio of air flow rates into different zones. The method is evaluated in two scenarios: using the Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1) by Monte Carlo simulations and using data from a wastewater treatment plant. The FD method shows good results for a correct and early FD and isolation.
Implementation of an automatic and miniature on-line multi-parameter water quality monitoring system and experimental determination of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen
Authors: Xie Yingke , Wen Zhiyu , Mo Zhihong , Yu Zhiqiang , Wei Kanglin
Published: February 2016

An automatic, miniature and multi-parameter on-line water quality monitoring system based on a micro-spectrometer is designed and implemented. The system is integrated with the flow-batch analysis and spectrophotometric detection method. The effectiveness of the system is tested by measuring chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia-nitrogen in water. The results show that the modified system provides a cost-effective, sensitive, reproducible and reliable way to measure COD and ammonia-nitrogen in water samples with automatic operation and low toxic chemical consumption. In addition, the experiment results show that the relative error of the system is less than 10%, the limit of detection is 2 mg/L COD and 0.032 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen, respectively, and the relative standard deviation was 6.6% at 15.0 mg/L COD (n = 7) and 5.0% at 0.300 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen (n = 7). Results from the newly designed system are consistent with the data collected through the Chinese national standard analysis methods.
Laboratory-scale membrane up-concentration and co-anaerobic digestion for energy recovery from sewage and kitchen waste
Authors: Tuyet Nguyen Thi , Dan Nguyen Phuoc , Vu Nguyen Cong , Trung Nguyen Le Hoang , Thanh Bui Xuan , De Wever Heleen , Goemans Marcel , Diels Ludo
Published: February 2016

This study assessed an alternative concept for co-treatment of sewage and organic kitchen waste in Vietnam. The goal was to apply direct membrane filtration for sewage treatment to generate a permeate that is suitable for discharge. The obtained chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations in the permeate of ultrafiltration tests were indeed under the limit value (50 mg/L) of the local municipal discharge standards. The COD of the concentrate was 5.4 times higher than that of the initial feed. These concentrated organics were then co-digested with organic kitchen wastes at an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg VS/m3.d. The volumetric biogas production of the digester was 1.94 ± 0.34 m3/m3.d. The recovered carbon, in terms of methane gas, accounted for 50% of the total carbon input of the integrated system. Consequently, an electrical production of 64 Wh/capita/d can be obtained when applying the proposed technology with the current wastes generated in Ho Chi Minh City. Thus, it is an approach with great potential in terms of energy recovery and waste treatment.
Microbial degradation of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in surface water and bacteria responsible for the process
Authors: Růžička Jan , Fusková Jana , Křížek Karel , Měrková Markéta , Černotová Alena , Smělík Michal
Published: February 2016

Due to widespread utilization in many industrial spheres and agrochemicals, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a potential contaminant of different surface water ecosystems. Hence, investigation was made into its aerobic microbial degradability in samples of water from a river, wetland area and spring. The results showed that the compound was degradable in all water types, and that the fastest NMP removal occurred in 4 days in river water, while in the wetland and spring samples the process was relatively slow, requiring several months to complete. Key bacterial degraders were successfully isolated in all cases, and their identification proved that pseudomonads played a major role in NMP degradation in river water, while the genera Rhodococcus and Patulibacter fulfilled a similar task in the wetland sample. Regarding spring water, degrading members of the Mesorhizobium and Rhizobium genera were found.
Diabetes Care and Research: What Should Be the Next Frontier?
Authors: Marrero David G.
Published: February 2016

EDITOR’S NOTE: This article is adapted from the address of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) President, Health Care and Education, given in June 2015 at the Association’s 75th Scientific Sessions in Boston, Mass. A webcast of this speech is available for viewing at the ADA website (http://professional.diabetes.org/webcasts).
The New Europe and the New World: Eliot, Masaryk, and the Geopolitics of National Culture
Authors: Ayers David
Published: February 2016

This paper asserts that while geo-politics is too often treated as an extrinsic force in cultural studies, it is in fact a culturally constitutive force and geo-political cultural actors should be treated as a dominant force in (national-) cultural formation. This is of especial importance in the relationship between Europe and the United States. The paper makes this point by comparing the cultural-political objectives of T. S. Eliot and Ezra Pound to the objectives of Thomas Masaryk. While the former are much-celebrated as cultural figures, they were only marginally and indirectly effective on the course of the shaping of European geo-politics. Although they frequently addressed such topics and plainly wished that their voices could be heard, they are mainly commentators. By contrast, Masaryk was the philosophy professor who founded the Czech nation in 1918 from his base at the School of Slavonic Studies at King's College London. The paper makes specific reference to Masaryk's methods of gaining influence in the United States, and with Woodrow Wilson in particular. Masaryk was an effective transnational cultural actor and his case therefore serves to expand the category of the transnational culture-subject beyond examples such as Ezra Pound, a tragic victim of geopolitics, or Eliot, whose strategy of American intervention in Europe was a commentary on actions and outcomes shaped by others.
‘All the People in the Ring Together’: Hemingway, Performance, and the Politics of the Corrida
Authors: Barnes David
Published: February 2016

Ernest Hemingway's association with the Spanish bullfight (corrida) has become a familiar, almost clichéd, aspect of his personal mythology. However, the complexities of the cultural and political discourses around the corrida in Hemingway's writing have not been fully explored. This essay reads Hemingway's engagement with bullfighting as part of a wider interest in the performance or ritual mediation of national identity in his work. It argues that Hemingway's interest in the essence of the bullfight can be linked to the articulations of ‘Spanishness’ propagated by the Primo De Rivera dictatorship in the mid-1920s. It sees Hemingway's interest in the bullfight as part of a broader struggle within American modernism to articulate national or communal visions of society (‘all the people in the ring together’) in the two decades following the First World War.
Cryptography: A New Open Access Journal
Authors: Kim Kwangjo
Published: February 2016

Cryptography has very long history, from ancient ciphers, such as Ceaser cipher, machine (or rotor) cipherx during WWI and WWII, and modern ciphers, which play a fundamental role in providing Confidentiality, Integrity, and Authentication services during transmission, processing, and storage of the sensitive data over the open or public networks. [...]
Development of a Rheumatology-specific Patient Concerns Inventory and Its Use in the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic Setting
Authors: Ahmed Ashar E. , Lowe Derek , Kirton Jennifer A. , O’Brien Mary R. , Mediana Ayren , Frankland Helen , Bruce Hannah , Kennedy Tom , Rogers Simon N. , Moots Robert J.
Published: February 2016

Objective.

Successful management of rheumatic conditions involves increasing complexity of care. Delivering this in a holistic way is a growing challenge. The aim of our study was to develop a Patient Concerns Inventory (PCI) and assess it in the rheumatology clinic setting.

Methods.

This observational exploratory study occurred with 2 phases. In phase I, the PCI was developed after a systematic literature search, expert opinion, and 3 patient focus group discussions. In phase II, the PCI was piloted in a general rheumatology clinic.

Results.

Fifty-four patients were assessed in the pre-PCI group and 51 in the post-PCI group. Median (IQR) duration of consultation was 8 min (5–14) without PCI and 15 min (10–20) with PCI. The pre-PCI group raised 335 concerns from 50 patients, median (IQR) of 5 (3–10) per patient, rising post-PCI to 521 concerns, median (IQR) of 9 (5–16) from 51 patients, p = 0.002. Additional concerns predominantly arose from “physical and functional well-being” and “social care and well-being” domains. Most patients rated their experience with their doctor in the consultation as excellent or outstanding across all 11 questions in the questionnaire, both before and after the introduction of the PCI to the clinic setting.

Conclusion.

The PCI is a useful holistic needs assessment tool for rheumatology clinics. Although its use may initially prolong the consultation slightly, patients can raise a significantly higher number of concerns, which does not occur at the expense of patient satisfaction. This may help in identifying areas of unmet needs that previously went unnoticed.
Le passage à l’acte adolescent
Authors: Hachet Amal
Published: February 2016

Éric, un adolescent de 17 ans, a commis une tentative d’homicide à l’encontre d’un sans domicile fixe, M. D, 50 ans. Ce passage à l’acte s’est produit après une rencontre violente entre Éric et un homme qui a fait preuve d’autorité brutale à son encontre et l’a chassé d’un immeuble où il avait trouvé refuge. Il équivaut sur le plan fantasmatique à un « parricide ». À ce titre, ce passage à l’acte constitue une tentative ratée de production du sujet, laquelle répond à ce qui fait symptôme dans le social et, dans le cas d’Éric, identifie le sujet à un déchet.
A Study of Sparse Matrix Methods on New Hardware
Authors: Fevgas Athanasios , Daloukas Konstantis , Tsompanopoulou Panagiota , Bozanis Panayiotis
Published: February 2016

Modeling of numerous scientific and engineering problems, such as multi-physic problems and analysis of electrical power systems, amounts to the solution of large scale linear systems. The main characteristics of such systems are the large sparsity ratio and the large number of unknowns that can reach thousands or even millions of equations. As a result, efficient solution of sparse large-scale linear systems is of great importance in order to enable analysis of such problems. Direct and iterative algorithms are the prevalent methods for solution of linear systems. Advances in computer hardware provide new challenges and capabilities for sparse solvers. The authors present a comprehensive evaluation of some, state of the art, sparse methods (direct and iterative) using modern computing platforms, aiming to determine the performance boundaries of each solver on different hardware infrastructures. By identifying the potential performance bottlenecks of out-of-core direct methods, the authors present a series of optimizations that increase their efficiency on flash-based systems.
Investigating the Plastic Behavior in Face-Centered Cubic Metals with Strain Rate Jumps
Authors: Semenov Mikhail , Bulygin Lev
Published: February 2016

History of loading is the result of interaction of the material microstructure evolution and the loading conditions. The present work aims at an investigation of the behavior in face-centered cubic (FCC) metals under loading with a strain rate jump at different stages. In order to describe the behavior of FCC metals under loading we propose a mathematical model. This model is based on a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and realized as software.
Combustion Synthesis of Porous Oxynitride Ceramics - Influence of Cocurrent Nitrogen Flow on the Combustion Parameters
Authors: Maznoy Anatoly , Kirdyashkin Alexander , Gabbasov Ramil
Published: February 2016

It is shown that the organization of co-current flow of the reacting gas during combustion synthesis of porous oxynitride materials leads to intensification of the process. The flow creates favorable conditions for directed heat and mass transfer in reacting media. It results in super-adiabatic heating of the products in the area of the combustion wave. Thus, macrokinetic parameters of the combustion synthesis exceed 10 % than the ones that had been obtained without forced filtering of gaseous reactant. Organization of the process in flowing of the reacting gas allows us to obtain materials with conversion ratio up to 0.95 under the combustion rates up to 0.8 mm/s and maximum temperature in the combustion wave up to 1900 °C.
Production of Ceramic Brick Based on Aluminum-Silicate Wastes
Authors: Vlasov Viktor A. , Skripnikova Nelli K. , Yuriev Ivan Yu. , Kosmachev Pavel V. , Litvinova Viktoria A. , Nikonenko Elena L.
Published: February 2016

The paper focuses on the production of ceramic brick based on aluminum silicate waste generated by thermal power plants. The grain size and chemical compositions of the raw material are investigated. Experimental studies are carried out to identify optimum operating parameters of the ceramic brick production. It is shown that the use of aluminum silicate waste, namely, 40–60 % ash together with clay raw material allows obtaining ceramic brick possessing 20–25 MPa compressive strength, 10–15 % water absorption, and frost resistance of over 60 cycles.
F-Doped Titanium Dioxide Modified by Copper Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Fakhrutdinova Elena , Shabalina Anastasiia V. , Gulyaev Roman
Published: February 2016

This work is dedicated to preparation and research of copper-containing solid-state mixed oxides based on F-doped titanium dioxide. All materials were prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide. NH4F was used as F‑ions source. Copper was introduced to the system in two ways: by impregnation from its copper nitrate and directly in the process of titanium dioxide synthesis. Microstructure, phase composition and surface area were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and low temperature nitrogen adsorption respectively. All materials have nanostructured porous structure and the majority of them contain only one TiO2 phase – anatase. States of the elements were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photoluminescence spectra (PL) show low intensity of photoluminescence for TiO2 and F-TiO2 samples and no photoluminescence for copper-containing samples. The absence of photoluminescence for copper-containing samples is associated with efficient charge transfer and separation.
Effect of Ultrasonic Application during Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Properties of AA2024 Fixed Joints
Authors: Eliseev Alexander A. , Tarasov Sergei Yu. , Fortuna Sergey , Rubtsov Valery E. , Kalashnikova Tatiana
Published: February 2016

Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 2024 fixed joint produced by ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding are described. Tensile strength, microhardness, grain size and zone area are measured and compared with ones of joint produced without ultrasonic vibration. Analyzing this data authors make conclusion about ultrasonic vibration effect on friction stir welding joint quality.
Evolution of the Entropy of Dislocation Structures with Strain in Solid Solutions of Cu-0.5at.% Al
Authors: Abzaev Yuriy , Trishkina Lyudmila , Porobova Svetlana , Klopotov Anatoliy , Vlasov Viktor A. , Klopotov Vladimir
Published: February 2016

The study on the evolution of the dislocation structure (DS) parameters with strain of solid solutions of Cu-0.5 at.% Al at different test temperatures has been carried out. It has been shown that in substructures with a disordered type of DS (disorder), the disordered mixtures with non-disoriented cells, as well as mixtures of non-disoriented and disoriented cellular structures, the entropy density increases with strain. It has been shown that formation of the cellular substructure corresponds to a diffuse kinetic phase transition of the 1-st kind in the DS. A jump-like decrease in entropy accompanying this phase transition is associated with the annihilation of dislocations in cellular walls and formation of excess dislocation density.
Optimization of Low-Clinker Binder Production Technological Parameters
Authors: Akhmetzhanov Talgat , Danenova Gulmira , Rusanov Andrey
Published: February 2016

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the mechanochemical activation the low-clinker binder production systems on the basis of CaO and Ca(OH)2. It is shown that the effects of the mechanochemical interactions of the investigated components of low-clinked binders with the superplasticizer C-3 do not show a significant effect on the binders’- properties. The main influence is observed in the interaction of Portland cement and superplasticizer C-3. This study aimed to optimize the technological parameters of low-clinker binders’ production using different by-products. The expected economic effects of low - clinked binders is associated with the reduced amount of the clinker as one of the expensive components. Taking into account the cost of using the superplasticizer C-3 and various technological wastes the economic impact is expected to be 20-25% decrease of the total cost in the concrete production.
Technology for Assignment of Predicted Behavior of Subgrade Soils in the Design of Road Pavements
Authors: Efimenko Vladimir N. , Efimenko Sergey V. , Sukhorukov Alexey V.
Published: February 2016

The paper discloses a technology for assignment of calculated values of moisture, strength, and deformability characteristics of clay subgrade soils. Main features of the geographical complex that determine the variability of characteristics of the water-and-thermal regime of subgrade soils are presented. Recommendations on assignment of calculated values of characteristics of the most common clay subgrade soils in the studied area are given.
Investigation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Si-Al-N Transparent Coatings
Authors: Bozhko Irina A. , Rybalko Evgeniya V. , Fedorishcheva Marina V. , Vorobiev Yury A. , Magzhanov Rais M. , Chernyavsky Alexander G. , Sergeev Viktor
Published: February 2016

Nanocomposite coatings on the basis of Si-Al-N with different ratios of Al and Si concentrations were prepared using the reactive magnetron sputtering method. Internal stresses and structural-phase state of the two types of coatings was examined by X-ray analysis. The microhardness was measured by nanoindentation method. The microhardness, the elastic modulus and the coefficient of elastic recovery were determined. The optical transmission was measured for all types of samples.
Research of Influences Different Materials Cable Product's Shells on Time of Polymerization
Authors: Ivanova Evgeniya , Ermoshkin Alexander , Lutikov Ilya , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: February 2016

The development of the cable industry is growing rapidly. Cable manufacturing process occurs at high energy intensive and require different materials in an amount sufficient. The question of marriage of the finished product is very serious. Moreover, the dwell time of cables with different types of coating materials at high temperatures cannot be identified because of possible burn. The purpose of the work was to determine the optimal time for the polymerization of various types of cable jacket. There is a numerical study of the polymerization of cable products. Also, there are set scales of influence of different types of cable sheaths at the time of full cure.