bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human-induced changes in habitat preference by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and their potential effect on zoonotic disease transmission
Authors: Dias Thiago C. , Stabach Jared A. , Huang Qiongyu , Labruna Marcelo B. , Leimgruber Peter , Ferraz Katia M. P. M. B. , Lopes Beatriz , Luz Hermes R. , Costa Francisco B. , Benatti Hector R. , Correa Lucas R. , Nievas Ana M. , Monticelli Patrícia F. , Piovezan Ubiratan , Szabó Matias P. J. , Aguiar Daniel M. , Brites-Neto José , Port-Carvalho Marcio , Rocha Vlamir J.
Published: February 2020

Human activities are changing landscape structure and function globally, affecting wildlife space use, and ultimately increasing human-wildlife conflicts and zoonotic disease spread. Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is a conflict species that has been implicated in the spread and amplification of the most lethal tick-borne disease in the world, the Brazilian spotted fever (BSF). Even though essential to understand the link between capybaras, ticks and the BSF, many knowledge gaps still exist regarding the effects of human disturbance in capybara space use. Here, we analyzed diurnal and nocturnal habitat selection strategies of capybaras across natural and human-modified landscapes using resource selection functions (RSF). Selection for forested habitats was high across human- modified landscapes, mainly during day- periods. Across natural landscapes, capybaras avoided forests during both day- and night periods. Water was consistently selected across both landscapes, during day- and nighttime. This variable was also the most important in predicting capybara habitat selection across natural landscapes. Capybaras showed slightly higher preferences for areas near grasses/shrubs across natural landscapes, and this variable was the most important in predicting capybara habitat selection across human-modified landscapes. Our results demonstrate human-driven variation in habitat selection strategies by capybaras. This behavioral adjustment across human-modified landscapes may be related to BSF epidemiology.
Chemokine Signatures Of Pathogen-Specific T Cells I: Effector T Cells
Authors: Eberlein Jens , Davenport Bennett , Nguyen Tom , Victorino Francisco , Jhun Kevin , van der Heide Verena , Kuleshov Maxim , Ma’ayan Avi , Kedl Ross , Homann Dirk
Published: February 2020

The choreography of complex immune responses, including the priming, differentiation, and modulation of specific effector T cell populations generated in the immediate wake of an acute pathogen challenge, is in part controlled by chemokines, a large family of mostly secreted molecules involved in chemotaxis and other patho/physiological processes. T cells are both responsive to varied chemokine cues and a relevant source for certain chemokines themselves. Yet the actual range, regulation, and role of effector T cell-derived chemokines remains incompletely understood. Here, using different in vivo models of viral and bacterial infection as well as protective vaccination, we have defined the entire spectrum of chemokines produced by pathogen-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T effector cells, and delineated several unique properties pertaining to the temporospatial organization of chemokine expression patterns, synthesis and secretion kinetics, and cooperative regulation. Collectively, our results position the “T cell chemokine response” as a notably prominent, largely invariant yet distinctive force at the forefront of pathogen-specific effector T cell activities, and establish novel practical and conceptual approaches that may serve as a foundation for future investigations into role of T cell-produced chemokines in infectious and other diseases.
Human CD8+T-cells Require Glycolysis to Elicit Effector Function
Authors: Stimpson Scott E. , Chen Jing , Newby Brittney N. , Khattri Ram , Chapman Harold D. , Angelini Thomas E. , Merritt Matthew E. , Serreze David V. , Mathews Clayton E.
Published: February 2020

Targeting human T-cell metabolism for modulating immune function requires an understanding of macronutrient utilization. Using metabolic inhibition during activation of human naïve CD8+T-cells, we demonstrate blocking glycolysis or mitochondrial respiration prevents T-cell proliferation. However, after activation and differentiation, the metabolic program changes. Inhibition of glycolysis abolished cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity, whereas mitochondrial inhibition had no effect on CTL lytic function. Studies with uniformly labeled13C-glucose confirmed CTL convert the majority of glucose to lactate. The role of glycolysis in CTL function was assessed using NOD models of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Treatment of NOD models with a glycolysis inhibitor resulted in reduced and delayed T1D incidence and significantly preserved β-cell mass. We conclude glycolysis and mitochondrial ATP production are essential for efficient T-cell activation, but only glycolysis is essential for CTL lytic function. These data suggest targeting glycolysis in CTLs is a promising pathway to prevent T-cell-mediated autoimmunity.
The role of ADP-ribose metabolism in metabolic regulation, adipose tissue differentiation, and metabolism
Authors: Szántó Magdolna , Bai Peter
Published: February 2020

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs or ARTDs), originally described as DNA repair factors, have metabolic regulatory roles. PARP1, PARP2, PARP7, PARP10, and PARP14 regulate central and peripheral carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and often channel pathological disruptive metabolic signals. PARP1 and PARP2 are crucial for adipocyte differentiation, including the commitment toward white, brown, or beige adipose tissue lineages, as well as the regulation of lipid accumulation. Through regulating adipocyte function and organismal energy balance, PARPs play a role in obesity and the consequences of obesity. These findings can be translated into humans, as evidenced by studies on identical twins and SNPs affecting PARP activity.
The impact of PARPs and ADP-ribosylation on inflammation and host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Fehr Anthony R. , Singh Sasha A. , Kerr Catherine M. , Mukai Shin , Higashi Hideyuki , Aikawa Masanori
Published: February 2020

Poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerases (PARPs) promote ADP-ribosylation, a highly conserved, fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM). PARP catalytic domains transfer the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD+ to amino acid residues of target proteins, leading to mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation or PARylation). This PTM regulates various key biological and pathological processes. In this review, we focus on the roles of the PARP family members in inflammation and host–pathogen interactions. Here we give an overview the current understanding of the mechanisms by which PARPs promote or suppress proinflammatory activation of macrophages, and various roles PARPs play in virus infections. We also demonstrate how innovative technologies, such as proteomics and systems biology, help to advance this research field and describe unanswered questions.
Nuclear PARPs and genome integrity
Authors: Azarm Kameron , Smith Susan
Published: February 2020

Effective maintenance and stability of our genomes is essential for normal cell division, tissue homeostasis, and cellular and organismal fitness. The processes of chromosome replication and segregation require continual surveillance to insure fidelity. Accurate and efficient repair of DNA damage preserves genome integrity, which if lost can lead to multiple diseases, including cancer. Poly(ADP-ribose) a dynamic and reversible posttranslational modification and the enzymes that catalyze it (PARP1, PARP2, tankyrase 1, and tankyrase 2) function to maintain genome stability through diverse mechanisms. Here we review the role of these enzymes and the modification in genome repair, replication, and resolution in human cells.
PARPs and ADP-ribosylation: 60 years on
Authors: Kraus W. Lee
Published: February 2020

Work on PARPs—a family of enzymes that catalyze ADP-ribosylation, a posttranslational modification of proteins—has resulted in major advances and reached important milestones. The past decade has seen new discoveries in areas well beyond the historical focus on DNA repair, which are having impacts on the understanding and treatment of human disease. This special focus section of Genes & Development includes seven reviews that highlight these discoveries and point the way forward for future advances in the field.
Accounting conservatism and money laundering risk
Authors: Bolgorian Meysam , Mayeli Ali
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between accounting conservatism and money laundering risk. For this goal, the authors construct an index for measuring money laundering risk at the firm level for Iranian listed firms in the Tehran Stock Exchange.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the authors use a sample of 924 firm-year observation of Iranian listed firms for the period of 2012-2017. The authors use three approaches for testing our prediction that more conservative firms are less likely to be involved in money laundering activities. A balanced panel regression model has been used for testing the prediction.

Findings

The paper results suggest that there is a negative relationship between conditional conservatism and money laundering risk. Furthermore, the authors have shown that the result is robust to controlling for different firm characteristics variables and also industry specific effects.

Research limitations/implications

Further research in other financial markets is needed to confirm the results generally.

Practical implications

The evidence in this paper indicates that the degree of accounting conservatism contains important information which can be used by the investors and regulators for managing and controlling the risk of money laundering in the firms.

Originality/value

By constructing a money laundering risk measure at the firm level for the first time, the authors provide evidence on relationship between conservatism and money laundering risk in Iran.
Linking knowledge management to competitive strategies of knowledge-based SMEs
Authors: Ngah Rohana , Wong Kuan Yew
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to study the effect of knowledge management in formulating competitive strategies for knowledge-based small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach of a survey was carried out on 135 owners and managers of knowledge-based SMEs in Malaysia. Structural equation modeling technique was used to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and competitive strategies. SmartPLS software is used to analyze the quantitative data. Only SMEs which are involved in R&D and innovation were selected to get the right respondents who meet the objective of the study.

Findings

The findings show mixed results. Most dimensions of knowledge management have significant relationships to differentiation strategy except for knowledge creation and knowledge acquisition, with only knowledge acquisition showing a significant relationship to cost leadership. Findings reveal that knowledge management has a positive effect on competitive strategies with more inclination toward differentiation strategy, compared to cost leadership strategy which does synchronize with their commitment in research and development and innovation.

Research limitations/implications

This study is only focused on knowledge-based SMEs in central Malaysia. Second, the use of a survey approach minimized the flow of information.

Practical implications

SMEs do have knowledge management practices but may not be exploiting it well. Mapping knowledge management practices would help SMEs identify their strengths and weaknesses to explore better business opportunities. This proves that SMEs are leveraging their resources through knowledge application, dissemination, storage and protection to be different than their competitors. However, their apparent lack of knowledge in knowledge acquisition and knowledge creation should be addressed accordingly, as it is important for their future continuous sustainability.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature of knowledge management relating to competitive strategies in SMEs. The study offers insights on how competitive strategies were formulated through knowledge management. The mixed results reveal a new different outlook of knowledge management relating to competitive strategies.
Customer information sharing and new service development: is there a link?
Authors: Busagara Theresia , Mori Neema , Mossberg Lena , Jani Dev , Andersson Tommy
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to establish the link between customer information sharing and new service development.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a survey of tourism firms, 295 questionnaires were collected in three large tourism locations in Tanzania. Thereafter, the hypotheses were tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) after undertaking both factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings

Results indicate that there is a positive association/link between customer information sharing and new service development. The link here expresses the association that exists as customers share information and the extent of use of this information for the firm benefit in facilitating new service development. Specifically, customers post service information and customer interaction behaviors positively support new service development; however, customers’ pre-service information revealed no link.

Practical implications

These results offer practical evidence that post service information and interaction behaviors form the groundwork for development of new services in service-related organizations.

Originality/value

These results evidence that customer post service information and customer interaction behaviors form the groundwork for development new services in tourism. Hence, the study strengthens the value co-creation and innovation views in the service arena by extending knowledge in the use of both the service and the customer environment for service improvement.
Mentoring of newly qualified teachers in early childhood education and care centres
Authors: Klages Wiebke , Lundestad Magritt , Sundar Paul Robert
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss contrasting perceptions regarding “leadership and mentoring” among leaders of Norwegian early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres in their mentoring practices with newly qualified early childhood teachers (NQTs).

Design/methodology/approach

Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eight leaders in Norwegian ECEC centres.

Findings

Leaders in dual roles as leaders and mentors have varying orientations in mentoring NQTs. The paper presents the findings as two main orientations: an individual and an organizational orientation. Individually oriented leaders as mentors focus on individual needs and support of the NQT. Organizationally oriented leaders as mentors emphasize collective reflection and learning in the staff group and include NQTs in various learning processes in the ECEC centre.

Research limitations/implications

The study is a qualitative research inquiry in a specific context and may not be representative for larger groups. Further studies could include larger samples of leaders and NQTs. Such studies could focus on the balance between NQTs’ individual needs and organizational needs, and how NQTs are included in the organization’s collective reflection and action.

Practical implications

The study provides insights into how leaders as mentors in their dual roles try to meet both the needs of the individual NQT and the needs of the organization. It also identifies and highlights some of the challenges that leaders must cope with in their dual roles. The paper benefits those working in such dual roles and in the education of mentors and leaders.

Originality/value

The study contributes to increased knowledge on how leaders’ views on leadership and organization influence their mentoring with NQTs. The study is relevant for leaders in other educational settings such as schools. In ECEC centres, the leader is responsible for mentoring NQTs and other staff members. This study shows different ways of conceptualizing mentoring with NQTs in the role as leader.
School nurses’ and teachers’ perceptions of pain in young immigrants living in Norway
Authors: Johannessen Berit , Hoie Magnhild , Haraldstad Kristin , Helseth Solvi , Fegran Liv , Westergren Thomas , Slettebø Åshild , Rohde Gudrun
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The number of adolescents experiencing pain is increasing. Pain has a major impact on several areas of daily living, such as function at school and school absenteeism, loss of appetite and socializing. One out of ten pupils in Norwegian schools is immigrants, and surveys have shown that immigrants suffer from poor health more often than the general population. The purpose of this study was to explore how school nurses and teachers experience pain in young immigrants in the school setting.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative design using focus group interviews was chosen for data collection. A total of 11 focus groups (17 school nurses and 25 teachers) consisting of school nurses and teachers in junior high schools (age: 13-16 years) in Southern Norway were conducted. Data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis.

Findings

School nurses and teachers experienced communication of pain with young immigrants as characterized by cultural differences and language problems. Immigrants waiting for residency permits experienced pain more often than others. They also experienced that young immigrants often were absent from school and used pain as an excuse for not participating in classes, but this was not the case at the special school for immigrants. During Ramadan, they experienced that immigrant pupils had an increase of pain, especially headaches.

Originality/value

Culture affects the assessment and management of pain and different strategies may assist school nurses and teachers in their encounter with young immigrants with pain. There is a need for education in cultural competence among teachers and school nurses.
Cross-channel message consistency in herbal medicine advertising
Authors: Yeboah-Banin Abena Animwaa , Asante Kwaku Krobea
Published: February 2020

Purpose

For many developing country citizens, traditional herbal medicines offer affordable alternatives to expensive orthodox options. Consumers learn about them from different sources including the packaging, which by regulatory demands must provide certain information. In countries such as Ghana, many herbal medicine brands combine packaging information with radio presenter mentions (PMs) as the primary modes of advertising. The purpose of this study is to compare radio PMs of herbal medicines to their packaging information to see how consistent they are in providing credible information to consumers.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses comparative qualitative content analysis to compare information about disease indications, directions for use and warnings/cautions as provided on the packaging and in PMs to gauge the extent of their congruence.

Findings

Findings show that there are substantial cross-channel message differences. These differences range from under-representation to sometimes, blatant misinformation, suggesting the possibility that audiences will have difficulty relying on them for decisions.

Research limitations/implications

This study only addressed issues with the manifest content of herbal drugs’ packaging and PMs. It does not include any interviews with consumers to gauge the extent of their consciousness of the lapses identified, and how they are affected by such. In addition, the study sample is context-specific. Ghana presents an interesting setting for the study but it is none-the-less only one country, denying us the power to generalize the findings.

Practical implications

The study points to a need to pay closer attention to message salience and consistency where multiple channels are used in promoting herbal medicinal products. Due to their historically traditional context of consumption in many developing countries, regulatory frameworks on herbal medicine markets are often lax. This study calls attention to a need for better policing on how herbal medicinal products promote themselves, particularly where they use multiple media channels that introduce variations into their messages.

Originality/value

The study calls attention to the credibility of cross-channel messages in supporting consumers of medicinal products. Secondly, because of the predominance of the normative view in medical advertising, channels such as PMs that accommodate message variation and improvisation have eluded critical analysis. By its focus on the presenter mention advertising format, the study also draws attention of health communication scholars to begin to include emerging modes of medical advertising in their analysis.
Effects of cause-related marketing campaigns on consumer purchase behavior among French millennials
Authors: Partouche Judith , Vessal Saeedeh , Khelladi Insaf , Castellano Sylvaine , Sakka Georgia
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of cause-related marketing (CRM) campaigns on consumer purchase behavior among French millennials contrasted with their international counterparts. Based on the regulatory-focus theory, the influence of the types of arguments and products is tested on French millennials’ attitudes, intentions and behaviors in the context of CRM campaigns.

Design/methodology/approach

Three experimental studies among French millennials examine the effects of a CRM campaign vs non-CRM one on purchase behavior (study 1) through varying the formulation of the argument (promotion or prevention – study 2) and the nature of the advertised product (utilitarian or hedonic – study 3).

Findings

The results reveal French millennials’ favorable attitude and greater purchase intention for products carrying CRM messages, displaying similarities with American and Dutch millennials. When exposed to CRM advertising with promotion messages for hedonic products, French millennials, similarly to their South African and American counterparts, show greater purchase intentions, exhibiting cause sensitivity with hedonic products to reach aspirational goals.

Research limitations/implications

Inconsistent findings related to French millennials’ willingness to pay are linked to possible message formulation and product nature biases. The study contributes to the CRM literature by bridging regulatory focus and product type in a CRM campaign context, while contrasting millennials’ perceptions from diverse countries.

Practical implications

To improve CRM effectiveness toward millennials, firms must ensure the consistency between the causes, types of messages and products.

Social implications

CRM campaign efficiency is enhanced when promoted by brands, thereby increasing millennials’ engagement toward the causes.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to explore, in a single study, CRM campaign regulatory focus and product type among French millennials compared with their international counterparts.
The effect of Islamic culture’s constituents on decision-making
Authors: Alavi Seyed Ali , Azizi Mahdi
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to enumerate the factors influencing the process of decision-making, those which are mostly related to personality affected by cultures and sub-cultures dominating the individual’s life, such as possessing internal and external control agents, tolerating or avoiding ambiguities and its comparison with a belief in fatalism or free will and the effect of these beliefs and traits on the personality.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper demonstrates that these beliefs would result in the formation of different personal characteristics; for instance, active and passive individuals and those who are keen to discover problems to solve them and change the existing state of affairs to the desired ones. Some individuals can make decisions and some cannot.

Findings

The researcher has tried to make a comparative study and address the genuine Islamic culture as manifested in the Quran, Prophet’s Tradition and Shiite way of life. In this relation, the case studies are the Battle of Uhud and the Quranic verses related to the research to demonstrate that a Muslim manager, by dismissing fatalism while trusting in God’s blessing, could be distinguished from others.

Originality/value

This study adds to our knowledge that managers can make sound decisions by relying on their Shiite culture, self-confidence, rational thinking, consulting the wise people and above all trusting in God.
Community care of individuals at risk of suicide: the Life Promotion Clinic model
Authors: Kolves Kairi , Arnautovska Urska , Gioannis Angelo De , Leo Diego De
Published: February 2020

Assistance to suicidal patients is problematic both at the hospital and community care level. Inadequacy of facilities, pressured personnel, long waiting time, and professional and social stigmatization are just some of the many issues that interfere with successful treatment. The goal of this paper is to present the functioning of the Life Promotion Clinic (LPC), Australia, and describe its users. The LPC is the first specialized outpatient service in Australia dedicated to the treatment of individuals with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. A description of the service and characteristics of its clients (demographic, psychopathology, risk of suicide) are herein presented. Data were collected for 63 male and 175 female patients who attended the LPC over a three-year period. Patients were mostly single females, aged up to 44 years, poorly educated, unemployed or on a pension/benefit. The majority of patients reported at least one suicide attempt, severe depression and anxiety scores, moderate-severe feelings of hopelessness, and high impulsiveness scores. Compared to females, male patients presented with more active desire to kill themselves and higher level of suicidal ideation. We can conclude that establishing a specialist service for treatment of individuals at increased risk for suicide requires consideration of both patient and clinicians needs. The LPC presents an innovative model of community service, capable of engaging patients with serious mental health issues, while making the service accessible to people from various social categories.
Sturge-Weber syndrome: a report of 14 cases
Authors: Parisi Lucia , Filippo Teresa Di , Grutta Sabina La , Baido Rosa Lo , Epifanio Maria Stella , Esposito Maria , Carotenuto Marco , Roccella Michele
Published: February 2020

Sturge-Weber-Krabe syndrome (SWS), also known as encephalotrigeminalangiomatosis and named the forthfacomatosis, recall the names of the authors who first describedit in its basic clinical, radiological andanatomopathological aspects. We report here 14 cases of Sturge-Weber disease. In 6 of these, despite what had been previously described in literature, an extension of the angioma has been noted in other parts of the body. The study of these subjects stresses not only the need for a pharmacological/neuropsychomotor intervention, but alsothe need of a psychotherapeutic approach, for the emotional and affective implications thatcould derive from this syndrome. The reported cases are similar to those presented in literature for their main features. In particular, two elements are interesting: i) the exceptional diffusion of the red nevousto the whole hemicorpo; and ii) the evaluation of the way the patients live the disease, which has not beenpreviously considered in literature. We can conclude that SWS is a multisystem disorder that requires the neurologist to be aware of the possible endocrine, psychiatric, ophthalmological, and other medical issues that can arise and impact on the neurological status of the patients.
Lorazepam provocation test in purported schizophrenia with lack of treatment response
Authors: Berg John E.
Published: February 2020

Some patients with severe mental disorders are refractory to psychotherapeutic or psychopharmacological interventions. We present a patient who at the age of 19 developed several schizophrenia - suspect symptoms. Soon inexplicable general seizures where observed. He was treated with antipsychotics, but had two bouts of malignant neuroleptic syndrome. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) gave some symptom relief and he continued on maintenance ECT for years with weekly intervals. Interruption of this treatment pattern rapidly increased symptom load. After seven years a lorazepam provocation test was performed as he had a new relapse after 3 weeks without ECT. In the ensuing hours his aggressiveness and nonsense speaking rapidly diminished. Kahlbaums observation of seizures as part of a catatonia was not understood in this case. The publication of the new DSM-V diagnosis of catatonia may hopefully reduce the probability of treating a patient for schizophrenia for years without access to a more targeted medication and ECT plan.
Reluctance to change and end psychotherapy
Authors: Berg John E.
Published: February 2020

Reluctance to change therapy has clinical and economic implications. Therapists are expected to deliver treatment in a oneto-one setting ending up with patient improvement. Such an achievement is difficult to overview. There is great uncertainty as to what works in psychotherapies despite research efforts. Prolonged treatment duration with little positive effect may be caused by factors inherent in therapist and patient and the external environment. Two cases are discussed illustrating the need for better surveillance of what happens in the therapy room. Responsibility for the progress in therapy rests on the shoulders of the therapist. When therapy becomes detrimental to patient and therapist, we do not have a comprehensive system to interfere or help. Delayed recovery emanates as an increase in costs to society and the family. This is the case when return to work after treatment is partly or completely retarded.
Changing focus of symptoms: A rare case report of Munchhausen's syndrome
Authors: Hagen Melanie , Faust Beatrice , Kunzelmann Nina , Tektas Ozan Y. , Kornhuber Johannes , Müller Helge H.O.
Published: February 2020

Factitious disorder, commonly called Munchhausen's syndrome, is a rare disorder that lacks evidence-based guidelines. Reporting clinical cases is important for sharing clinical experiences and treatment strategies. The symptoms and progression of the following case have not been previously reported in the literature. Here, we report a case involving a 41-year-old Caucasian with a suspected psychosomatic disorder. After intensive multi-professional diagnostics, we concluded that the patient had factitious disorder. The symptoms in this case changed rapidly during treatment, which posed a challenge. For factitious disorder, establishing interdisciplinary exchange is important. Symptoms that are normally treated by internists are most commonly described in the literature. This case demonstrates that psychiatrists are challenged by this diagnosis and should consider the possibility of factitious disorder when seeing patients diagnosed with somatoform disorders. The most important clinical conclusion was the importance of involving the patients' relatives in the treatment of patients with factitious disorder.
Life in Family Buildings as a unique environment in Turkey
Authors: Yılmaz Seheryeli , Sabuncuoglu Osman
Published: February 2020

Family building (FB) is a building where residents of different flats are close relatives. Being quite common in metropolitan areas, these unique psychosocial environments remain underexamined. We aimed to research into the interactions within the family and psychosocial features of FBs. One hundred and one children living in FBs and FB-experiences of their parents were assessed by semi-structured interviews using K-SADS-PL. Mothers scored their satisfaction from FB-lifestyle in the scale of 0-100. The sample consisted of 35 girls and 66 boys. Mean age was 108±37.4 months. ADHD and anxiety disorders were the common diagnoses. Eighty-two families lived with paternal relatives. Number of relative-neighbors in the building changed between 2-10. Forty-one mothers scored ?50 for their satisfaction; 58% believed FBs affected their children's symptoms negatively. Examining the perceived advantages and disadvantages of FBs, ‘extreme criticism' and ‘social support' were the decisive items to predict mothers' satisfaction levels. Having both positive and negative effects, FB-lifestyle seem to complicate interpersonal relations within the family. This study has revealed some preliminary findings, but further studies are required in the field.
Intra-organizational brand resistance and counter-narratives in city branding – a comparative study of three Danish cities
Authors: Lundholt Marianne Wollf , Jørgensen Ole Have , Blichfeldt Bodil Stilling
Published: February 2020

Purpose

This study aims to contribute to an increased understanding of intra-organizational city brand resistance by identifying and discussing different types of counter-narratives emerging from the political and administrative arenas.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical material consists of secondary data as well as six in-depth semi-structured interviews with Danish mayors and city managers in three different municipalities in Denmark.

Findings

Intra-organizational counter-narratives differ from inter-organizational counter-narratives but resemble a number of issues known from extra-organizational resistance. Still, significant differences are found within the political arena: lack of ownership, competition for resources and political conflicts. Lack of ownership, internal competition for resources and distrust of motives play an important role within the administrative arena. Mayors are aware of the needs for continued political support for branding projects but projects are nonetheless realized despite resistance if there is a political majority for it.

Research limitations/implications

This study points to the implications of city brand resistance and counter-narratives emerging from the “inside” of the political and administrative arenas in the city, here defined as “intra-organizational counter-narratives”.

Practical implications

It is suggested that politicians and municipality staff should be systematically addressed as individual and unique audiences and considered as important as citizens in the brand process.

Originality/value

So far little attention has been paid to internal stakeholders within the municipal organization and their impact on the city branding process approached from a narrative perspective.
Questionnaire design: a weak link in corporate identity?
Authors: Brown Jane , Wäppling Anders , Woodruffe-Burton Helen
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to questionnaires as a corporate touch point, and their relationship with corporate identity (CI).

Design/methodology/approach

Following observational research, the paper presents a review of published works, including journals, textbooks and industry papers that consider qualitative aspects of questionnaire design. Primary data was collected via existential phenomenological interviews to understand the experiences of employees who engage with questionnaires from external companies within the industrial business-to-business (B2B) industry.

Findings

A lack of practical advice around aesthetic appearance of questionnaires in both journal papers and research design textbooks is identified, suggesting limited awareness of visual aspects of questionnaire design, even for those with formal training. Through interviews, it is suggested that poor design is forgiven through the understanding of the practical nature of the document, the idea that CI is a performance that is unnecessary at particular points of the B2B relationship, and that a more powerful company need not spend time on CI if collecting data from a stakeholder that is perhaps perceived as less important than other stakeholders. The findings indicate that organisations should consider questionnaires as a vehicle to promote CI, and as stakeholders to consider the document in terms of their relationship with the issuing company.

Research limitations/implications

This study proposes that qualitative inquiry is required to further determine how questionnaires are understood as a corporate touch point by stakeholders.

Originality/value

This paper considers the relationship between questionnaire appearance and stakeholder perceptions in the context of CI.
Higher education: a once-in-a-lifetime purchase
Authors: Yang Hsiao-Pei , Yen Dorothy , Balmer John M.T
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Drawing on infrequent purchase and university selection literature, the purpose of this study is to make theoretical contributions to the identification and comprehension of the ‘once-in-a-lifetime purchase’ (OILP) phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach

Data derived from in-depth interviews with 34 Taiwanese and 11 Chinese students over two phases suggest that an OILP qualitatively differs from other purchases.

Findings

The principal traits of OILP are quadripartite in character: zero-repurchase intention; permanency of purchase; high social pressure and extensive information search. The results contribute to the theoretical understanding of the higher education (HE) sector as one type of OILP provider, and managerial implications are discussed specifically for the HE institutions.

Practical implications

Marketing managers of HE institutions should be cognisant of the range of information collected by prospective OILP customers from a variety of different sources. Prospective students who are OILP customers perceive non-marketing information as more reliable than marketing promotional materials and will better assist them during their decision making.

Originality/value

The paper makes explicit theoretical and instrumental contributions to our identification and comprehension of the OILP phenomenon, thus shedding new light on studies of consumer purchase decision literature. It also extends previous understanding of HE marketing by showing that choosing an HE degree is, in fact, an OILP and, as such, requires a new way of approaching prospective students as consumers.
How to increase engagement on social media using the honeycomb model
Authors: Silva Susana C. , Feitosa Wilian , Duarte Paulo , Vasconcelos Marta
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand how a company could improve public engagement on social media (SM) analysing the case of Alento, which is a human resources and consulting company located in Portugal. The company’s presence on Facebook was analysed by using the honeycomb model for SM functionality, by Kietzmann et al. (2011), as a theoretical framework.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors implemented some actions to change procedures on SM management. Monitoring five months of data, the authors could compare the SM engagement before and after changes on SM management. Then, a convenience sample of 205 useable questionnaires was collected. The population of the study comprised Portuguese Facebook users who liked the Alento Facebook Fan Page. An analysis of honeycomb dimensions was performed.

Findings

The engagement level on Alento’s SM was increased by changing procedures identified on survey. In five months, Alento’s number of followers was increased by just 4.5 per cent, interactions were increased by 35 per cent, views were more than twice (+122 per cent) and fans who clicked on Alento’s Facebook page’s links were increased by 146 per cent.

Research limitations/implications

There were also some limitations related to the sample, since the authors only obtained 205 responses. Therefore, the second suggestion for future investigations would be to conduct the survey on a larger number of people. This study just considers five months after changing procedures. A longer range of time could produce different results.

Practical implications

The most relevant contribution of the current study is the offer of some insights into the use of a simple tool such as the honeycomb model of Kietzmann et al. (2011) for the analysis of the social engagement from a firm’s perspective, regardless of their nature.

Social implications

The importance of SM to spread good content and to reduce media costs is reinforced in this study.

Originality/value

This study is innovative, as it identifies a need of change on SM management, proposes and implements new procedures, checking its results. SM marketing is a new wagon of study, and the problem of how to increase engagement on professional SM is on top priorities of the field.
BPSD and the challenges faced by nurses
Authors: Otsuka Shizuka , Hamahata Akiko , Abe Masaki
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of published literature on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) nursing in Japan and to highlight challenges that need to be resolved.

Design/methodology/approach

The criteria for retrieval of literature were as follows: a BPSD study conducted by a nurse in Japan, and it must have been published. Papers without conference proceedings and peer reviews and literature without English titles and abstracts were excluded. The PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) was referenced.

Findings

Based on the analysis of 20 studies meeting the criteria, nurses tended to manage BPSD when all three of the following were clearly defined: attempts to understand BPSD, the provision of nursing intervention to improve the quality of care and clarification of the perception of BPSD. There were eight studies that implemented surveys considered to be helpful for nurses to understand BPSD with the aim of clarifying the symptomatic factors, meaning of each behaviour, etc. In the eight studies, nurses directly coped with BPSD in various ways. Four studies reported on how nurses perceive the associated behaviours and symptoms of BPSD patients.

Originality/value

This study suggests that not only implementing interventions but also aiming at improving nurses’ understanding of BPSD and their level of knowledge are crucial to promote BPSD nursing in Japan.
C1q/TNF‐related protein 6 (CTRP6) attenuates renal ischaemia‐reperfusion injury through the activation of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway
Authors: Xiang Heli , Xue Wujun , Li Yang , Zheng Jin , Ding Chenguang , Dou Meng , Wu Xiaoyan
Published: February 2020

C1q/TNF‐related protein 6 (CTRP6) is a member of the CTRP family that has been reported to exhibit a nephroprotective effect. However, the role of CTRP6 in renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (IRI) remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the protective effect of CTRP6 in renal IRI and the potential mechanism. We found that CTRP6 expression was markedly decreased in the kidneys of mice subjected to I/R and HK‐2 cells in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation. Recombinant CTRP6 protein protected against renal I/R injury by the reduction of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels. The increased production of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well the decreased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) caused by H/R induction were mitigated by CTRP6 in HK‐2 cells. The caspase‐3 activity and apoptotic rate were both decreased in CTRP6‐overexpressing HK‐2 cells. In addition, we also found that knockdown of CTRP6 aggravated H/R‐caused oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in HK‐2 cells. Moreover, CTRP6 overexpression enhanced the H/R‐stimulated activation of PI3K/Akt pathway in HK‐2 cells. Inhibition of PI3K reversed the nephroprotective effects of CTRP6 in HK‐2 cells. Taken together, CTRP6 exerted protective effects against H/R‐caused oxidative injury in HK‐2 cells via activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Which Priorities for Health and Well‐Being Stand Out After Accounting for Tangled Threats and Costs? Simulating Potential Intervention Portfolios in Large Urban Counties
Authors: MILSTEIN BOBBY , HOMER JACK
Published: February 2020

Policy Points

Interventions in a regional system with intertwined threats and costs should address those threats that have the strongest, quickest, and most pervasive cross‐impacts.

Instead of focusing on an individual county's apparent shortcomings, a regional intervention portfolio can yield greater results when it is designed to counter those systemic threats, especially poverty and inadequate social support, that most undermine health and well‐being virtually everywhere.

Likewise, efforts to reduce smoking, addiction, and violent crime and to improve routine care, health insurance, and youth education are important for most counties to unlock both short‐ and long‐term potential.

Context

Counties across the United States must contend with multiple, intertwined threats and costs that defy simple solutions. Decision makers face the necessary but difficult task of prioritizing those interventions with the greatest potential to produce equitable health and well‐being.

Methods

Using County Health Rankings data for a predefined peer group of 39 urban US counties, we performed statistical regressions to identify 37 cross‐impacts among 15 threats to health and well‐being. Adding appropriate time delays, we then developed a dynamic model of these cross‐impacts and simulated each of the counties over 20 years to assess the likely impact of 12 potential interventions—individually and in a combined portfolio—for three outcomes: (1) years of potential life lost, (2) fraction of adults in fair or poor health, and (3) total spending on urgent services.

Findings

The combined portfolio yielded improvements by year 20 that are considerably greater than those at year 5, indicating that the time delays have a major effect. Despite the wide variation in threat levels across counties, the list of top‐ranked interventions is strikingly similar. Poverty reduction and social support were the most highly ranked interventions, even in the shorter term, for all outcomes in all counties. Interventions affecting smoking, addiction, routine care, health insurance, violent crime, and youth education also were important contributors to some outcomes.

Conclusions

To safeguard health and well‐being in a system dominated by tangled threats and costs, the most important priorities for a county cannot be simply inferred from a profile of its relative strengths and weaknesses. Two interventions stood out as the top priorities for almost all the counties in this study, and six others also were important contributors. Interventions directed toward these priority areas are likely to yield the greatest impact, irrespective of the county's specifics. A significant concentration of resources in a regional portfolio therefore ought to go to these strongest contributors for equitable health and well‐being.