bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plantio da mamoneira em solo compactado adubado com torta de mamona
Authors: Costa Fabiana Xavier , Beltrão Napoleão Esberard de Macedo , Oliveira Edinete Maria De , Peixoto Maria do Socorro Rocha Melo
Published: April 2023

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos conjuntos e isolados da compactação do solo e adubação orgânica com torta de mamona no crescimento da mamoneira. O experimento teve início no período de 02 de maio de 2005 e se estendeu até 02 de setembro de 2005, em casa-de-vegetação do Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Algodão (CNPA/Embrapa), no município de Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizadas como unidades experimentais colunas de PVC. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizado, em esquema de análise fatorial (4 × 4), com 3 repetições, sendo os fatores: quatro graus de densidades (1,4; 1,6; 1,8 e 2,0 kg.dm-3) e quatro doses de torta (0,0; 2,0; 4,0 e 6,0 t ha-1). De acordo com as variáveis estudas contatou-se que o comprimento das raízes foi totalmente comprometido quando se utilizou nível de densidade de 2,0 kg.dm-3. As folhas apresentaram níveis altos de Clorofila, principalmente quando se utilizaram as doses 2; 4 e 6 t ha-1 de torta de mamona.
Economia de tráfego e tempo em aplicações web utilizando técnicas Ajax
Authors: Rolim Carlos Roberto Alves , Araújo Ênnyo José Barros de , Tozzi Juliano César
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é explicar tecnicamente o funcionamento do AJAX, com a construção de um exemplo prático, demonstrando os resultados obtidos nas pesquisas cientificas realizadas com tal implementação. Além disso, este trabalho visa fornecer embasamento teórico sobre esse novo método de desenvolvimento Web. São apresentados gráficos e dados estatísticos, os quais possibilitam a avaliação dos benefícios e limitações desse novo paradigma da programação Web, que vem apontando para o futuro do desenvolvimento das aplicações on-line. Mostra-se ainda como essa inovadora solução contribui com o estado atual da Internet, popularizada e conhecida sob o termo Web 2.0, que sumariza toda a nova estrutura da Web, bem como suas modificações e remodelagens tecnológicas e conceituais.
TECHNOLOGY OF ENRICHMENT OF YOUNG ARTEMIA NAUPLII AND EFFICIENCY OF THEIR USAGE AS STARTING FEEDS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Romanova E.M. , Romanov V.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Lubomirova V.N. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Fazilov E.B. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Enrichment of artemia with biologically active substances has three main ways - through the intestines, gills and integuments. The possibility of enrichment of artemia through the body integuments exists only for the first two days after hatching, when nauplii have soft and thin integuments. Enrichment through the intestines becomes possible only at the stage of metanauplii, which comes after the first molting when the mouth appears and the digestive system is formed. We chose enrichment through the skin of nauplii of the 1st development stage, since early nauplii are an ideal food for fish larvae at the stage of transition to exogenous feeding. The purpose of the research is to develop enrichment technology and to obtain live starting feeds with the vitalizer properties containing biologically active substances: adaptogens, probiotics, a vitamin and amino acid complex that heal the fish body, form intestinal microbiocenosis, increase growth and development rate, endurance, resistance to psychogenic and oxidative stress, increase survivability, reduce the level of cannibalism. As a result, we obtained Artemia nauplii enriched with Sporothermin probiotic, Irkutin adaptogen, Chiktonik vitamin-amino acid complex, which were used to rear larvae and fry of the African catfish. The results of the studies showed that usage of enriched nauplii accelerates fish growth, increases the proportion of "giants" with a mass more than twice the average for the population, reduces the level of cannibalism, increases survivability of fish, retaining these tendencies throughout the entire rearing period.
INFLUENCE OF INTENSIFICATION LEVELS ON WEED INFESTATION OF CROPS AND GRAIN YIELD OF BARLEY IN THE CONDITIONS OF KURSK REGION
Authors:   FSBSI «Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center», Dudkina T.A. , Dolgopolova N.V. ,   FSBEIHE Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I.I. Ivanov
Published: April 2023

Studies were carried out in Kursk region in 2015-2017, their purpose was to study different methods of basic tillage and herbicides in cultivation of spring barley of Suzdalets variety. The soil of the experimental plot is dark gray forest medium loamy soil with humus content of 2.43%. The barley was grown in a 7-field grain fallow crop rotation, where barley was preceded by spring wheat. The composition of weeds was dominated by non-annualDicotyledoneae. The number of weeds in crops was 7.2 pcs/m2 less in case of plowing than in case of fine mulching. When tilling without soil overturning, the infestation with perennial root weeds increased by 1.8 times compared to plowing. Herbicides effectively reduced the infestation of crops for all tillage methods. The best results were obtained when crops were sprayed with Caliber (50 g/ha) + Trend (0.2 l/ha) herbicides - 95.9% reduction of weed infestation in case of plowing, 95.2% - in case of fine mulching. The highest barley yield in the experiment was in case of plowing and applying of Caliber (50 g/ha) + Trend (0.2 l/ha) herbicides - 4.99 t/ha. The weight of 1000 grains was also the highest in this variant. The replacement of plowing with soil protection tillage led to some decrease of spring barley yield. The length of the head, the number of grains per head, the grain weight from 1 head and the weight of 1000 grains were higher in the variants with application of herbicides, compared to the control. The calculation of economic efficiency showed that the most advantageous is barley cultivation with application of Caliber (50 g/ha) + Trend (0.2 l/ha) herbicides for weed control during the growing season, but with fine mulching tillage, since this type of tillage can reduce the cost of crop cultivation.
CONSISTENT PATTERNS IN FORMATION OF YIELD AND YIELD INCREASE OF COMMON MILLET IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF THE ORENBURG CIS-URAL REGION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kamaleev R. D. , Neverov A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2023

The productivity of millet per area unit is determined by three components of yield structure. The increase of yield is created by additive effect of differences in these components in the compared varieties. The aim of the study was to identify patterns in yield dispersion and yield increase dispersion of common millet grain. The research was carried out in Orenburg region of the Russian Federation. The materials of the research were long series of observations in the breeding nurseries of common millet of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The relation was analyzed using the multiple linear regression method. Multivariate analysis revealed that the role of indexes in determination of dispersion of yield increase differs significantly from the role of yield structure elements in specification of the spread of yield values. Thus, if the share of the influence of the panicle grain content on dispersion of the yield of millet grain is 67.5% of cases, then the share of the influence of the index of this selectable trait on variation in yield increase is 49.4% of cases. At the same time, the share of other indexes increases (from 17.9% to 28.0% - an increase of the index of the number of productive stems and from 5.6% to 11.6% - an increase of the mass index of 1000 grains). For practical millet breeding, selection numbers with better panicle grain content and high agro-ecological stability of crop formation in thickened crops are of great interest.
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZER SYSTEMS ON SOIL FERTILITY OF TYPICAL BLACK SOIL AND WINTER WHEAT YIELD
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Kulikova A.Kh. , Volkova E.S. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Yashin E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Cherkasov E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the effect of fertilizer systems on soil fertility and winter wheat yield. The study was carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin. The research materials were: straw; "Biocomposite-correct"biopreparation; zeolite; zeolite enriched with amino acids; Saratovskaya 17winter wheat variety. The scheme of the experiment included 8 variants: 1. Control; 2. Straw; 3. Straw+N10kg/t; 4. Straw + "Biocomposite-correct"; 5. "Biocomposite-correct"; 6. N64P32K54 (NPK); 7. Zeolite, 500 kg/ha; 8. Zeolite enriched with amino acids, 500 kg/ha. The area of the record plot is 20 m2 (2*10), the experiment is repeated four times. The soil of the experimental field is typical black soil. The experiments were carried out with strict observance of all methodological requirements, analyzes - according to the relevant state standards. It was found that mutual usage of straw and a biological product, as well as fertilizers based on zeolite, significantly improves physical (the structural coefficient increased by 0.3-2.1 units), biological (the degree of cellulose decomposition increased by 14-27 relative percent) and agrochemical (the content of mineral nitrogen increased up to 16% in the arable layer of the soil, available phosphorus compounds up to 23% and potassium up to 12%), the properties of the typical black soil. The yield of winter wheat was at the level of 6.08 t/ha , on average for 3 years,when zeolite enriched with amino acids was introduced into the soil, which is not inferior to the variant with mineral fertilizer. It is possible to increase soil fertility, as well as winter wheatyield, using biological farming techniques. Environmentally friendly farming, using mainly organic fertilizers and biological agents, will allow to abandon or reduce the dose of mineral fertilizers.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF MINERAL NUTRITION ON YIELD OF SWEET SORGHUM SEEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors:   FSBEI Omsk Agricultural Research Center, Boyko V.S. , Timokhin A.Yu. ,   FSBEI Omsk Agricultural Research Center, Mikhailov V.V. ,   FSBEI Omsk Agricultural Research Center
Published: April 2023

Sorghum occupies a significant place in world agriculture and is of particular value in intensive feed production. The selection of agricultural practices for increase of seed productivity is relevant and current, since the availability of own seeds is of decisive importance in reduction of feed production cost. The studies were carried out in Omsk region in 2013, 2015–2017 in a stationary field experiment in eight-field crop rotation. The aim of the work is to study the influence of mineral nutrition conditions on yield of sweet sorghum seeds, water and nutritional regimes of meadow-black soil in the conditions of the south of Western Siberia. The experiment included a three-factor scheme: the supply of soil with mobile phosphorus according to Chirikov (factor A) - average, 50-100 mg/kg (background 0); increased, 100-120 mg/kg (I) and 140-150 mg/kg (II); high, 150-200 mg/kg (III); phosphorus fertilizer (factor B) - P0, P60; nitrogen fertilizer (factor C) - N0, N30, N60. The field experiment was implemented by mutual method of pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers and different levels of phosphorus in the soil. The soil is meadow-black soil, medium-thick, medium-humus, heavy loamy. The reaction of the soil environment in the arable layer is neutral, the depth of groundwater in spring is 2.86, in autumn - 3.09 m. The climate of the southern forest-steppe of Omsk region is suitable for sweet sorghum cultivation with insufficient moisture in some years and uneven distribution of precipitation during the growing season. The yield of sweet sorghum seeds ranged from 2.93 to 3.46 t/ha on average for 3 years, depending on the background, the largest yield increase was noted on 0 background (N60P60) with a natural level of mobile phosphorus and pre-sowing application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. It is possible to obtain seeds of sweet sorghum in the southern forest-steppe of Omsk region. To achieve high yields on soils with an average content of mobile phosphorus, it is necessary to use nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. It is also indispensable to select an early ripening variety capable of forming high quality seeds in the specific conditions of Siberia.
INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND FORECROPS ON YIELD OF MILLET GRAIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution ", Mitrofanov D.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences"
Published: April 2023

The article presents a study of millet in the system of dry farming, depending on abiotic factors of the environment of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals. The paper compiles long-term data (2002-2021) on air temperature, precipitation, dry wind days and millet grain yield in Orenburg region. Studies of millet were carried out on the experimental field plot founded in 1990 on southern black soils of Orenburg region. The aim of the study is to determine the best impact of unregulated weather factors (precipitation, temperature, dry winds) on millet yield in crop rotations and in monocrops after application of mineral fertilizers. The research was carried out according to generally accepted method of field experiment. The object of the experiment is millet. The scheme of the experiment consists of six variants of millet sowing in four repetitions. Based on the interesting points of the study, the maximum rainfall for July is 42.2 mm and for June is 33.3 mm. Elevated temperature is observed in July 22.8 °C and the largest number of dry windy days in August is 18. The average temperature for the period (May-August) is 20.5 °C, precipitation is 125.6; 116.3 mm, dry winds - 64.0 days. There is mainly a negative reaction of millet to mineral fertilizers in the study, leading to a yield decrease ranging from 0.80 to 0.52 t/ha. The fifth variant in a two-field crop rotation has the highest yield on the agricultural background with fertilizers of 1.21 t/ha. As a result of statistical analysis of the data, it is revealed that the best impact on millet yield at two levels of agricultural background is exerted by precipitation that fell in July, except the fifth variant. The share of the influence of July precipitation was notedly determined in the second variant of the field experiment and was 70.81; 66.05% at a significance level of 0.000003; 0.000013. It is necessary to cultivate millet after hard wheat in a two-field crop rotation, since usage of fertilizers provides an increase by 0.35 tons of grain.
STUDENCHESKAYA NIVA - NEW WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETY
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zakharova N.N. , Zakharov N.G.  ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Garanin M.N. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Ostin V.N. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Winter soft wheat is the leading crop in agriculture of Ulyanovsk region. The problem of yield increase and winter wheat production in the region should be solved, among other things, by further selection improvement of this crop. The purpose of the research was to give a comprehensive economic and biological characteristics of StudencheskayaNivanew variety of winter soft wheat of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University, which was studied on the experimental field of the Agrarian University in competitive variety testing (2018-2022), as well as on variety plots of the Middle Volga region of the Russian Federation ( 2020-2021). It was found that the new variety is characterized by high winter hardiness (4.4 points). StudencheskayaNiva variety formed large grain (weight of 1000 grains 38.3-55.0 g) in all years of research, including years with drought events of different intensity, which indicates its high drought resistance. According to the ripeness group, the new variety belongs to mid-early-early ripening wheat. The maximum yield for Studencheskaya Niva variety was achieved in 2021 - 7.73 t/ha. The yield potential of the new variety was realized to the greatest extent under conditions of sufficient moisture, however, relative tallness (113-116 cm) and lodging were noted. Plasticity evaluation on the trait of "grain yield" showed that the variety belongs to semi-intensive type of wheat. The advantage of the new variety is stability in formation of high quality grain.
Application of joint singularity spectrum to analyze cooperative dynamics of complex systems
Authors:   Saratov State University, Guyo German , Pavlov Aleksej ,   Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

Purpose of this work is to generalize the wavelet-transform modulus maxima method to the case of cooperative dynamics of interacting systems and to introduce the joint singularity spectrum into consideration. The research method is the wavelet-based multifractal formalism, the generalized version of which is used to quantitatively describe the effect of chaotic synchronization in the dynamics of model systems. Models of coupled Rossler systems and paired nephrons are considered. As a result of the studies carried out, the main changes in the joint singularity spectra were noted during the transition from synchronous to asynchronous oscillations in the first model and to the partial synchronization mode in the second model. Conclusion. Proposed approach can be used in studies of the cooperative dynamics of systems of various nature.
LANGUAGE PARADIGM IN THE NOVELS OF L. TOLSTOY 80-ies – 90-ies of the 19th CENTURY
Authors: Dobrobabina O. Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the forms and types of speech: "monologic", "dialogical". The specificity of the organization of "speech forms" is investigated. Attention is paid to architectonics and the proportional relationship of various "speech forms". The focus is on the stories of L. M. Tolstoy of the late period of his work. The main functions of direct speech in these works are revealed: the definition of character traits of the hero, his retinue, the era to which he belongs. We are also talking about the connection between the linguistic and plot levels of L. M. Tolstoy's stories, any of which is an artistic system and a separate artistic world. The linguistic organization of Tolstoy's stories is investigated, namely, the connections between individual parts of the text, paragraphs. Attention is drawn to the place of dialogical, as well as disordered language in the stories. The role of internal monologues has been studied (reflection of the process of reflection of heroes, the struggle of different motives of behavior, the doubling of consciousness, etc). The author of the article substantiates the conclusion that L. Tolstoy turned logical inner speech into a special, powerful means of analysis with immediate reliability: a person analyzes himself using dismembered formulations. The article also examines the relationship between the "speech" and "plot" structures of the work of L. Tolstoy.
BELARUSIAN EXPERIMENTAL DRAMA GENERATION «НЕТУТЭЙШЫЯ»: «KEYS» FOR READING, APPROACHES, NAMES
Authors: Lepishava Alena
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to a special, emphasized experimental trend in modern Belarusian drama, controversial in aesthetic terms, but extremely indicative as an intention of literary development, which will save Belarusian literature with the experience of the world (post)avant-garde art. A new approach to the consciously unconventional texts that implemented it is proposed, which provides for taking into account the aesthetic concept of the artistic movement «Boom-Bam-lit» (mid-1990s), in the course of which the formation of author's intimidualities took place, as well as the main trend in the development of world drama and theater, marked by a performative-receptive turn.
COMPOSITIONAL AND INFORMATIVE ORGANIZATION OF TEXTS OF LITERARY AND CRITICAL PORTRAITS OF O. MANDELSTAM IN THE 1920s.
Authors: Ostapenko S. V.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the features of the composite and substantial organization of the texts of the critical portraits “A. Blok”, “Auguste Barbier” and “For the Anniversary of F. K. Sologub” by O. Mandelstam, which were created in the first half of the 1920s. The genre identification of studied articles allows to trace some stages of formation of author's genre model of a literary and critical portrait in O. Mandelstam's creativity. In this study the hypothesis is asserted, that the articles of the critic, which have become the object of analysis, can be attributed as literary-critical portrait feature articles, it is noted that the composition of these works is based on causal relationships, based on the development of a well-thought-out and logically balanced concept. The article proves that from O. Mandelstam’s point of view A. Blok is a cultural creator; A. Barbier is a poet of  revolution; F. Sologub is a poet, which is “saturated with time”.
VERBAL FEATURES OF SPELLS IN J. ROWLING’S NOVELS ABOUT HARRY POTTER: TRANSLATION ASPECT
Authors: Semenenko O. , Verzilova L.
Published: April 2023

The article considers the peculiarities of the translation of J. Rowling's novels about Harry Potter into Ukrainian. Phonetic and lexical features of spells as occasionalisms are analyzed. The connection between the phonetic form and the meaning of spells has been traced. The classification of magic formulas in J. Rowling's novels is presented. All translation transformations used in Ukrainian translations are characterized. Translation strategies of magic spell formulas in Ukrainian translations are analyzed.
CALLS FOR UKRAINIAN MILITARY SERVANTS: REASONS FOR NOMINATION
Authors: Khrustyk N. M. , Petrova S. A. , Serkal T. S.
Published: April 2023

Resume. The article is devoted to the study of call names of Ukrainian servicemen, participants of the Russian-Ukrainian war, in particular the question of the motives for the nomination of these onyms. This issue is important and relevant, because its coverage allows not only to explain the mechanism of production of a new type of informal anthroponyms, which is very important, but also to clarify how the motives for the nomination call represent self-expression and identification of their bearers (soldiers, military medics, chaplains, volunteers), as well as other persons involved in the formation of call names. 
Studying the motives for the nomination of call signs, we considered the real motivation, which in the nonverbal aspect means the situation that precedes the appearance of the call sign, in the verbal - the text that served as the motive for creating informal naming.   
The purpose of our work is to study the motives for the nomination of Ukrainian conscripts. The object of analysis is the call names of Ukrainian servicemen involved in the armed conflict in eastern Ukraine. Subject - motives for the nomination of call names. We set ourselves the following tasks: to determine, where possible, the motives for the nomination of call signs; classify them by nature of origin; to find out how the motives for the nomination of call names represent the self-expression and identification of their bearers, as well as those persons involved in the creation of these onyms. The results of the study will find practical application in the study of onomasiology, word formation, onomastics, etc. in universities, in the development of special courses and writing manuals on the problems of the above disciplines. 
Based on the study of 720 male conscripts, the real motives for the creation of 242 onyms were clarified. 11 groups of motives used in the process of nomination of call-up soldiers-defenders have been identified and characterized: official anthroponyms; profession, occupation, position and title; denotation capture; features of character, attitude of the person to others and features of behavior; external characteristics of the person; life situation related to the person; ethnicity of the carrier; place of birth or residence of the person; nicknames of servicemen in peaceful life, etc.
Conclusions. The study of the motives for the nomination of call signs gives us a certain idea of ​​the bearer, his worldview, shows the linguistic picture of the world in the social group of servicemen. Often the call signs contain an indication of additional information about the bearers of the name - place of residence, occupation, ethnicity, etc., emphasize the physical, psychological, intellectual qualities of man, preferences and habits.
A Student Evaluation of an Occupational Therapy Apprenticeship
Authors:   University of Brighton, UK, Liddell Jamie , Izzard Eleanor ,   Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, UK, Elliott Sarah ,   Health Education and Improvement Wales (HEIW), UK, Loft Georgia ,   University of Brighton, UK,   Cambridge University Hospitals, UK
Published: April 2023

Apprenticeships are becoming an increasingly popular means of training healthcare professionals; providing an opportunity to earn and study simultaneously in order to gain nationally recognised qualifications. However, there is currently a lack of evaluative data on student experience of Occupational Therapy (OT) or Allied Health Professional (AHP) apprenticeship schemes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perspectives of five apprentices who commenced the Kent Community Health NHS Foundation Trust (KCHFT) OT Apprenticeship in January 2020. A qualitative interpretive approach was utilised to analyse semi-structured interview data. Subsequent thematic analysis identified three key themes from the data: support (peer-support, support from employer, and applying theory to practise), organisation (University, time-management and learning needs), and communication (University, and stakeholder expectations). Findings from this study emphasise the importance of clear communication and management of expectations between stakeholders, effective induction processes, and a commitment to supporting mentors and workplace teams within the clinical arena. Future evaluations should consider the perspectives of other stakeholders within apprenticeship programmes.
Challenges in Communication about Covid Medical Risks: A Speculative Educational Template
Authors:   Bentley University,United States of America, Meldrum Helen , Hardy Mary ,   Wellness Works, Valley Village,CA, United States of America
Published: April 2023

The most recent descriptions of how the pandemic is playing out in medical offices and hospitals describe scenarios that are truly unprecedented. The impact of COVID-19 on individuals sick enough to seek professional health care highlights the importance of communication skills in explaining potential risks. Clinicians need to be sophisticated in thinking about how to approach each patient. We propose an educational framework for pre-service and in-service health care professionals to improve communication skills during this crisis. To assist Covid patients and their family members, clinicians need to be mindful of the ways that the likelihood of serious impact and consequences of treatments are perceived by each patient and their loved ones. The four-quadrant scheme we offer is a way to help providers orient themselves to their task and prepare to speak effectively about medical choices related to Covid. It is obvious that most situations demand more than one type of communication competency, but the focus here is on what might be advisable as the primary or “lead” skill. Thinking through what would be the preferred “leading” strategies is crucial for clinicians aiming to help COVID-19 patients think about the risks they are facing. Addressing the psychological state of each individual patient is vital. The most important element in managing COVID-19 is to empower patients with the appropriate information and emotional support. Additionally, we hope this model will inspire health professions faculty to think in new ways about teaching and coaching options in the practice-based learning of communication skills.
The Impact on Two Practising Social Workers Who Taught Social Work Students in a University Setting
Authors:   Goldsmiths, University of London, UK, Taylor Mark , Folarin Elizabeth ,   Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, UK, Greenchester Alex ,   Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust
Published: April 2023

Social Work Teaching Partnerships were developed in 2015 by the Department for Education in England to foster stronger links between social work employers and educators to improve the quality of social work graduates leaving universities. The initiative resulted in practising social workers entering universities in greater numbers to teach social work students. This paper focuses on how two practicing social workers – Elizabeth and Alex - were affected by teaching social work students in a university setting. The paper presents the practitioners’ reflections of teaching and its effects through short vignettes before examining these reflections by drawing on critical social theories. Social work teaching partnerships which encourage practitioners to spend time as social work teachers in the University classroom can produce unanticipated, positive effects for these practitioners. If the university classroom is seen as a “field” (Bourdieu, 1988), it can facilitate social workers to become objects of knowledge for social work students andto themselves. Interacting with students created opportunities for Elizabeth and Alex to reflect on their social work values, knowledge base, role, and practice. By asking unexpected questions in the classroom, students problematize (Foucault, 1984) what it means to be and to practice as a social worker. Consequently, classroom interactions with social work students can lead practitioners to think about how they would like to work. Elizabeth’s and Alex’s reflections of their classroom experiences may also help to inform and strengthen workforce retention policies in social work, as their self-efficacy increased and new possibilities for social work practice emerged.
Attitudes towards Psychotherapy in Relation to Self-Stigma of Seeking Help and Coping Style. The Role of Interactions with Disabled People
Authors: Huțul Tudor-Daniel , Pachița Irina-Cristina , Karner-Huțuleac Adina , Gherguț Alois
Published: April 2023

The present study investigated the relationships between stigma and attitudes towards psychotherapy, discomfort experienced in interacting with people with disabilities and stigma, emotion-focused coping and avoidant coping. In addition, we examined differences between people who know people with disabilities in terms of discomfort experienced in interacting with people with disabilities and differences between people who have been to psychotherapy and those who have not been to psychotherapy in terms of attitudes toward psychotherapy. The research was conducted on a sample of 171 people aged between 18 and 63 (M = 26.00; SD = 8.07). They filled out questionnaires that measure attitudes towards psychotherapy, self-stigma of seeking help, coping style, and interaction with disabled people. The results highlighted that the higher the level of self-stigma occurs, the more negative the attitudes towards psychotherapy will be, as well as that people who have been to psychotherapy have on average a more positive attitude towards psychotherapy. With regard to disabilities, results revealed a significant positive association between discomfort in interacting with people with disabilities and stigma, emotion-focused coping and avoidant coping, together with the fact that people who know people with disabilities experience less discomfort in interacting with people with disabilities We discuss the theoretical and practical implication of the present findings, delineating both factors that favour seeking help and factors that limit them in addressing the need for psychotherapy by adopting a range of attitudes towards it.
The Psychological and Spiritual Dimension of Volunteering
Authors: Nistor Polixenia
Published: April 2023

Volunteering is one of the oldest human social cooperation activities. Whether it is called volunteering, whether it is called charity, whether it is in the form of social involvement and active participation in the public agenda, whether it is a small-scale or extremely large-scale activity, in niche fields or in traditional fields, organized on the basis of state-sponsored programs or non-governmental institutions, over time, volunteering has represented a clear manifestation of social cohesion. This form of social cohesion can come from a psychological need that some individuals satisfy by volunteering, or from a desire for personal development, or from adherence to certain religious precepts, but regardless of the motivation, the social utility and social responsibility of volunteering have been demonstrated over time. This paper aims to analyze the psychological and religious dimension of volunteering, from the perspective of its social utility and the responsibility that volunteering involves.
Religión y laicidad
Authors: Mate Reyes
Published: April 2023

La historia del concepto de tolerancia --como el de laicidad- está íntimamente ligada al de religión. De ello dan fe los tres tratados modernos clásicos sobre este asunto: el Ensayo sobre la tolerancia de Locke (1677), cuyo tema es la fundamentación de la libertad religiosa; el Tratado sobre la tolerancia de Voltaire (1763), un alegato en favor de la tolerancia, escrito en defensa del hugonote Jean Carles, ejecutado bajo la falsa acusación de haberse opuesto a la conversión al catolicismo de su hijo que apareció muerto. Menos frecuentado por el lector hispanohablante es la obra de Lessing2 , Natán el sabio (1778), por más que su influencia histórica haya sido comparable, si no mayor, a la de los otros dos filósofos. De esta obra vamos a ocuparnos ahora. Tiene por escenario a la Jerusalén en tiempos de Las Cruzadas y sus protagonistas son Saladino, el sultán musulmán; Natán, el sabio judío; y El Templario, un guerrero cristiano. Las tres «fes» están enfrentadas y dos de ellas en guerra declarada. Saladino, el político, quisiera acabar con ella pero se da cuenta de que la paz poco tiene que ver con una victoria militar. La raíz es cultural o, mejor aún, religiosa: cada una de esas tres poderosas religiones pretende poseer la verdad en exclusiva. Mientras las cosas de Dios se planteen así, la guerra entre los hombres está servida.
Reconocer a las mujeres
Authors: Camps Victoria
Published: April 2023

El reconocimiento significa asentir con todas sus consecuencias a la realidad del otro. Lo que quiero preguntarme aquí es hasta qué punto podemos considerar que la condición femenina ---digámoslo así- .se encuentra reconocida en un mundo desarrollado, democrático y con estados de derecho. Me refiero a la condición femenina no en abstracto, sino en la doble acepción de: a) el mundo de las mujeres, con toda su idiosincrasia, sus preferencias, sus necesidades; b) la mujer como individuo igual y libre. Ambas acepciones no constituyen una misma cosa pero están emparentadas. No podemos evitar hablar de las mujeres como grupo en la medida en que aún existen discriminaciones que las marginan de ámbitos sociales y les impiden sobre todo llegar a tener poder. Pero el objetivo último no es el reconocimiento del grupo como tal, sino el de las personas como individuos distintos unos de otros, sean hombres o mujeres.
Multiculturalismo liberal y multiculturalismo republicano
Authors: Velasco Gómez Ambrosio
Published: April 2023

En la última década, los movimientos sociales que demandan el reconocimiento del pluralismo cultural han adquirido gran significación social, cultural y sobre todo política. El pluralismo cultural se manifiesta de muy diferentes maneras; por ejemplo, puede expresarse como reivindicaciones de grupos étnicos al interior de un Estado-nación, sea por minorías que ya existían en el territorio, desde antes la constitución del Estado-nación, o sea por inmigrantes que forman minorías dentro de un Estado-nación ya constituido. Por otra parte, las demandas multiculturalistas pueden vincularse a cuestiones religiosas o políticas, a la lucha por la preservación ecológica o a la posesión o uso de territorios, o bien demandar la impartición de justicia de acuerdo con usos y costumbres de comunidades específicas. En todo caso, las demandas multiculturalistas se refieren fundamentalmente al reconocimiento de identidades, prácticas, instituciones y derechos de grupos minoritarios dentro de una cultura «nacional» dominante y homogenizante, promovida y muchas veces impuesta desde el poder del Estado.
Los derechos humanos desde una perspectiva filosófica a propósito del Cincuentenario de la Declaración Universal de los derechos humanos
Authors: Bacigalupo Luis E.
Published: April 2023

En este ensayo deseamos interpretar cómo asumen la cuestión de los derechos humanos los humanitarios -sus cultivadores más influyentes- y averiguar si es verdad lo que asumen. Quiénes sean los humanitarios es algo que no pretendemos determinar aquí. Basta con definirlos como cultivadores de los derechos humanos de mentalidad analítica, que forman ciertas redes capaces de influir sobre la vida política de las naciones.
Algunas consideraciones a propósito del Cincuentenario de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Ruda Santolaria Juan José
Published: April 2023

El análisis de la Declaración en perspectiva histórico-jurídica reviste enorme importancia, especialmente si se aprecia el hecho de haber colocado al individuo y sus derechos en primer plano a escala internacional. Hasta ese momento, el tratamiento del asunto estaba centrado en el ámbito del Derecho interno de cada Estado, siendo objeto de atención internacional el estatuto de las minorías (dan cuenta de ello, e.g., los acuerdos concertados durante el siglo XIX con el Imperio Otomano para preservar ciertas libertades de los cristianos que habitaban territorios sometidos a su dominio y algunos de los tratados de paz celebrados al finalizar la Primera Guerra Mundial), la situación de los extranjeros y la eventual recurrencia de un Estado determinado a la figura de la protección diplomática para velar por nacionales suyos en el exterior cuyos derechos hubiesen sido conculcados.
La concepción de la historia en Laureano Vallenilla Lanz
Authors: Méndez Reyes Johan
Published: April 2023

Laureano Vallenilla Lanz es considerado por muchos pensadores como el apologista de la autocracia venezolana y por esta razón su obra ha sido prácticamente condenada al ostracismo. Para quienes pretendemos ser críticos resulta imposible obviar la abundante producción intelectual de los autores positivistas y mucho menos borrarlos de nuestra historia, sea cual sea el juicio que tengamos sobre su actuación. De allí pues, la necesidad de una aproximación a sus argumentos, con el propósito de caracterizarlos y tener una idea general de su postura ante los problemas reinantes de nuestra patria en esa época. Por ello, nuestro trabajo se centrará en resaltar las ideas fundamentales desarrolladas por Laureano Vallenilla Lanz en sus obras. En este sentido, solo se analizará su concepción de la historia en la evolución de la sociedad venezolana y latinoamericana, para finalmente resaltar la importancia y vigencia de este pensador en la historia de las ideas venezolanas.
The experience of evil and the goodness of literature : an adornian critique of metaphysical assumptions in post-metaphysical thinking
Authors: Johansson Sven Anders
Published: April 2023

Después de la llamada caída de las Grandes Narrativas, ha habido un mayor interés filosófico por la literatura. En resumen, se ha considerado que la literatura contiene un tipo de conocimiento, o verdad, del que carece el pensamiento filosófico analítico. Un ejemplo ilustrativo y práctico de esta posición se encuentra en el ensayo «Narrar el mal: una teoría posmetafísica del juicio reflexivo» de María Pía Lara. Su ensayo es un intento de responder a la pregunta de por qué «los relatos parecen ofrecer una mejor aproximación al mal que las teorías abstractas o formales»1. Detrás de esta pregunta se encuentra la observación de que las narrativas, a diferencia de los sistemas filosóficos abstractos o los dogmas teológicos, pueden hacer justicia a la experiencia singular, por ejemplo, la experiencia de los campos de concentración de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En ese sentido, cada relato alberga una experiencia única.
Hechos y maneras de ver
Authors: Meléndez Raúl
Published: April 2023

Al estudiar el pensamiento tardío de Wittgenstein asistimos muy frecuentemente a una confrontación, no pocas veces dramática, entre dos maneras de tratar los problemas filosóficos y de comprender aquello que nos produce perplejidad, o incluso desasosiego, cuando filosofamos. De acuerdo con una de ellas, las cuestiones filosóficas deben verse como cuestiones empíricas y, por consiguiente, deben resolverse haciendo uso de métodos de explicación causal y de teorización característicos de las ciencias naturales. Para Wittgenstein esta manera cientificista de filosofar es fuente de confusiones y oscuridades.
Los aspectos proféticos de las metáforas personales
Authors: Nava de Müller Lizette
Published: April 2023

En la segunda parte de las Investigaciones filosóficas, Wittgenstein nos habla de las diversas experiencias visuales cuyas distinciones se manifiestan en nuestros modos de hablar. En la familiaridad con las cosas mantenemos una «visión continua» de sus aspectos, pero hay un ‘ver como’ que solo tiene lugar mientras dura la sorpresa ante lo que vemos. Observo a un extraño durante unos instantes y de pronto lo reconozco; es un viejo amigo, que ha cambiado mucho. Una niña juega con una caja de cartón y comienza a verla como una casa: «Por acá está la cocina, por acá la habitación, por acá el baño». En estos casos hay una experiencia momentánea en la cual algo familiar se nos presenta bajo un nuevo aspecto. Wittgenstein destaca el modo en que esta experiencia se articula en el habla: «Miro un animal; me preguntan: “¿Qué ves?” Respondo: “Un conejo”. —Veo un paisaje; de repente pasa corriendo un conejo. Exclamo “¡Un conejo!”».
El valor de la metáfora como recurso filosófico en Unamuno y María Zambrano
Authors: Pulgar Castro Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

En general, se reconoce que los textos que tratan el problema se construyen desde el presupuesto indicado. Sin embargo, tanto en Miguel de Unamuno como en María Zambrano existe un avance en la materia, pues no solo se descubre la tolerancia filosófica respecto de la poesía, además existe la tolerancia de la poesía respecto de lo filosófico. En efecto, una lectura de sus obras permite comprender que la poesía adquiere talante filosófico del mismo modo que la filosofía se puede escribir poéticamente; en especial, si el logos en cualquiera de sus formas —filosófica o poética— procura hacer inteligible el ser. Diremos así que en estos dos pensadores se consolida el paradigma del poema como forma de la palabra y, por tanto, ya desde una consideración eminentemente filosófica es este un excelente lugar en donde el ser se permite descubrirse a los ojos del hombre.
O aristocrata nietzschiano : para além da dicotomia civilização
Authors: de Barrenechea Miguel Angel
Published: April 2023

Desde El nacimiento de la tragedia, Nietzsche ha sostenido que la “civilización”, incluidas las expresiones que se consideran las más altas de la humanidad, no se opone a sus impulsos más sanguinarios y crueles. Por el contrario, toda forma social se establece a partir de instintos bestiales. Así, la civilización descansa sobre la barbarie o, mejor aún, no es posible distinguir entre impulsos "civilizados" y tendencias llamadas "bárbaras".
La construcción de un patrimonio católico nacional : piedad popular y tradición en el Perú moderno y republicano, 1821-1840
Authors: Armas Asín Fernando
Published: April 2023

En su acepción más tradicional patrimonio significa «legado de nuestros padres», haciendo referencia a las nociones de herencia y paternidad. Patrimonio es la herencia que hemos recibido de nuestros ancestros, que viene de una época pasada y que se constituye en un legado que asegura el recuerdo de nuestra familia. 1 No sería sino hasta el advenimiento de la Ilustración, en el siglo XVIII, que la mentalidad racional en plena crítica a la tradición y la religión le daría al patrimonio una dimensión semántica más extensiva, incursionando en la esfera de lo público. El patrimonio era ahora una herencia pública y no de individuos exclusivamente, sino sobre todo de la nación. 2 El Estado pasó a apropiarse del discurso patrimonial y, como bien se ha señalado, el patrimonio nunca más abandonó el discurso estatal como algo esencial para producir la conciencia de la nación. Así es como el Estado produjo y reprodujo un discurso en tomo al patrimonio de la nación, en donde se reivindicaba la existencia de un legado, material y espiritual que podía remontarse a miles y miles de años. El patrimonio, como herencia de la nación, era parte de la memoria colectiva social.
La guerra cristera y los procesos de canonización en México
Authors: Vázquez Lourdes Celina
Published: April 2023

La incorporación de los santos en el memorial católico es una manera de conservar y apropiarse la memoria colectiva. El grupo que logra apropiarse la memoria de un hecho histórico logra conservar su visión sobre el pasado e imponerse como ideología dominante. Esto se manifiesta particularmente en el campo de la religiosidad popular.
Representaciones e imaginario campesino : la vida tras la mirada de un catequista (Cajamarca, Perú)
Authors: Mujica Bermúdez Luis
Published: April 2023

Las representaciones realizadas por Guamán Poma de Ayala,2 las presentadas por · Martínez de Compañón, 3 aquellas difundidas de los pintores de Sarhua, 4 las pinturas de Carmelón Berrocal5 y de muchos otros artistas que están en el anonimato son formas textuales densas en las cuales los diagnósticos de la realidad, las denuncias o los rechazos a determinadas situaciones y las insinuaciones de utopías que se quisieran construir constituyen un «tinkuy», un encuentro; vale decir, son espacios estéticos donde los trazos de las percepciones y los sentimientos, así como las pinceladas de los deseos y las expectativas, se combinan artísticamente gracias a la habilidad y la ternura del dibujante o pintor creando un «libro abierto a los ojos de los lectores»