bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTION STUDY OF THE CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF LINPAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPE HERITAGE: THE CASE OF DUJIANGYAN CITY
Authors: Umel Kabilijiang , Zhu Pingpu , Zhang Shuyu , Ishikawa Mikiko , Yu Liang
Published: February 2024

Linpan has a long history of over 2,300 years and is a unique cultural landscape heritage of the Chengdu Plain derived from the Dujiangyan hydraulic engineering. As urbanization has gradually degraded the Linpan landscape over the past decades, the government is helping to revitalize the local countryside by preserving it. The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of Linpan indigenous villagers about its conservation and use, and to investigate the differences in their perceptions and the factors influencing them. The city of Dujiangyan, located at the source of the Dujiangyan Irrigation Area, was taken as the case study area, and a questionnaire survey and quantitative analysis were adopted. The study shows that Linpan indigenous villagers generally support the protection of water systems and fields; Linpan’s vacation and health and wellness functions are recognized by villagers; and regarding Linpan land use, villagers generally prefer to take the form of land market transfer and are willing to transfer arable land and homestead. This also confirms differences in the villagers’ perceptions of the conservation and utilization of Linpan in different locations due to their divergent characteristics. This study provides a reference for the villagers’ perspective on the planning and action of Linpan conservation and use, suggesting the importance of villagers’ distinguishing factors in cultural landscape revitalization.
The Directional Isotropy of LIGO–Virgo Binaries
Authors: Isi Maximiliano , Farr Will M. , Varma Vijay
Published: February 2024

We demonstrate how to constrain the degree of absolute alignment of the total angular momenta of LIGO–Virgo binary black holes, looking for a special direction in space that would break isotropy. We also allow for inhomogeneities in the distribution of black holes over the sky. Making use of dipolar models for the spatial distribution and orientation of the sources, we analyze 57 signals with false-alarm rates ≤1 yr−1 from the third LIGO–Virgo observing run. Accounting for selection biases, we find the population of LIGO–Virgo black holes to be consistent with both homogeneity and isotropy. We additionally find the data to constrain some directions of alignment more than others, discuss the interpretation of this measurement, and produce posteriors for the directions of total angular momentum of all binaries in our set. While our current constraints are weak, the fact that such a small number of detections can already yield a measurement suggests that this will be a powerful tool in the future; we explore this prospect with a number of simulated catalogs of varying size. All code and data are made publicly available at https://github.com/maxisi/gwisotropy/.
A Deep uGMRT View of the Ultra-steep Spectrum Radio Halo in A521
Authors: Santra R. , Kale R. , Giacintucci S. , Markevitch M. , De Luca F. , Bourdin H. , Venturi T. , Dallacasa D. , Cassano R. , Brunetti G. , Buch K. D.
Published: February 2024

We present the first detailed analysis of the ultra-steep spectrum radio halo in the merging galaxy cluster A521, based on upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio telescope observations. The combination of radio observations (300–850 MHz) and archival X-ray data provides a new window into the complex physics occurring in this system. When compared to all previous analyses, our sensitive radio images detected the centrally located radio halo emission to a greater extent of ∼1.3 Mpc. A faint extension of the southeastern radio relic has been discovered. We detected another relic, recently discovered by MeerKAT, and coincident with a possible shock front in the X-rays, at the northwest position of the center. We find that the integrated spectrum of the radio halo is well-fitted with a spectral index of −1.86 ± 0.12. A spatially resolved spectral index map revealed the spectral index fluctuations, as well as an outward radial steepening of the average spectral index. The radio and X-ray surface brightness is well correlated for the entire and different subparts of the halo, with sublinear correlation slopes (0.50–0.65). We also found a mild anticorrelation between the spectral index and X-ray surface brightness. Newly detected extensions of the SE relic and the counter relic are consistent with the merger in the plane of the sky.
On the General Mechanism for the Gas-phase Reaction of Methanimine with a Radical Species in the Interstellar Medium: Some Failures and an Important Success
Authors: Ye Hexu , Alessandrini Silvia , Puzzarini Cristina
Published: February 2024

The gas-phase reactions of methanimine (CH2NH) with small radicals, such as CN, CP, CCH, and OH, have been extensively studied theoretically in the literature, and the presence of a common, general reaction mechanism has been postulated. Since methanimine is considered the main precursor of complex imines in the interstellar medium (ISM), the present study extends the investigation of its reaction with other small radicals that have already been detected in the ISM. These are SiN, SH, NO, NS, HCO, HCS, and C3N. The corresponding products are easily formulated on the basis of the aforementioned general mechanism, and to understand whether they can be formed in the ISM, a preliminary thermochemical study has been carried out. The only exothermic addition reaction is that occurring between CH2NH and the C3N radical. This reaction has been further investigated in order to accurately characterize its reactive potential energy surface, which has then been employed in ab initio transition state theory calculations to derive global rate coefficients. The products of the CH2NH + C3N reaction are new potential interstellar species, namely, the Z and E isomers of HNCHCCCN and CH2NCCCN. For the first time, their structural characterization has been reported. In addition, this work investigates the possibility of H-abstraction processes for each radical species considered, and re-examines the CH2NH + CP reaction to derive the corresponding rate constants, that were still missing in the literature.
Mid-infrared Variability of Young Stellar Objects on Timescales of Days to Years
Authors: Lee Sieun , Lee Jeong-Eun , Contreras Peña Carlos , Johnstone Doug , Herczeg Gregory , Lee Seonjae
Published: February 2024

Variability in the brightness of young stellar objects (YSOs) is a common phenomenon that can be caused by changes in various factors, including accretion, extinction, disk morphology, interactions between the disk and the stellar photosphere, and the rotation of hot or cold magnetic spots on the stellar photosphere. Analyzing the variability on different timescales provides insight into the mechanisms driving the changes in the brightness of YSOs. We investigate the variability of YSOs on both long and short timescales using two mid-IR data sets: the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE) 7.5 yr W2 (4.6 μm) data and the YSOVAR 40 day Spitzer/IRAC2 (4.5 μm) data, respectively. We classify the variability types in each timescale following Park et al. We find a higher detection rate of variable sources in the short term (77.6%) compared to the long term (43.0%) due to the higher sensitivity of the Spitzer observations. In addition, the higher cadence of the YSOVAR data results in the weeks-long short-term variability being mostly secular, while the years-long long-term variability explored with the coarsely sampled NEOWISE data is mostly stochastic. By crossmatching the two catalogs, we statistically analyze the variability types exhibited by YSOs across both timescales. The long-term variability amplitude is mostly three times (up to 10 times) greater than the short-term variability. Furthermore, we evaluate variability on very short (1–2 days) timescales and recover a trend of the increasing amplitude of variability as the timescales increase. By comprehensively analyzing the variability of YSOs over various timescales, we contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving their variability.
Scale and Time Dependence of Alfvénicity in the Solar Wind as Observed by the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Thepthong Panisara , Pongkitiwanichakul Peera , Ruffolo David , Kieokaew Rungployphan , Bandyopadhyay Riddhi , Matthaeus William H. , Parashar Tulasi N.
Published: February 2024

Alfvénicity is a well-known property, common in the solar wind, characterized by a high correlation between magnetic and velocity fluctuations. Data from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) enable the study of this property closer to the Sun than ever before, as well as in the sub-Alfvénic solar wind. We consider scale-dependent measures of Alfvénicity based on second-order functions of the magnetic and velocity increments as a function of time lag, including the normalized cross helicity σ

c
and residual energy σ

r
. Scale-dependent Alfvénicity is strongest for lags near the correlation scale and increases when moving closer to the Sun. We find that σ

r
typically remains close to the maximally negative value compatible with σ

c
. We did not observe significant changes in measures of Alfvénicity between sub-Alfvénic and super-Alfvénic wind. During most times, the solar wind was highly Alfvénic; however, lower Alfvénicity was observed when PSP approached the heliospheric current sheet or other magnetic structures with sudden changes in the radial magnetic field, non-unidirectional strahl electron pitch angle distributions, and strong electron density contrasts. These results are consistent with a picture in which Alfvénic fluctuations generated near the photosphere transport outward, forming highly Alfvénic states in the young solar wind, and subsequent interactions with large-scale structures and gradients lead to weaker Alfvénicity, as commonly observed at larger heliocentric distances.
The One-hundred-deg2 DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN): Survey Design and Science Goals
Authors: Lee Kyoung-Soo , Gawiser Eric , Park Changbom , Yang Yujin , Valdes Francisco , Lang Dustin , Ramakrishnan Vandana , Moon Byeongha , Firestone Nicole , Appleby Stephen , Artale Maria Celeste , Andrews Moira , Bauer Franz , Benda Barbara , Broussard Adam , Chiang Yi-Kuan , Ciardullo Robin , Dey Arjun , Farooq Rameen , Gronwall Caryl , Guaita Lucia , Huang Yun , Hwang Ho Seong , Im Sang Hyeok , Jeong Woong-Seob , Karthikeyan Shreya , Kim Hwihyun , Kim Seongjae , Kumar Ankit , Nagaraj Gautam R. , Nantais Julie , Padilla Nelson , Park Jaehong , Pope Alexandra , Popescu Roxana , Schlegel David , Seo Eunsuk , Singh Akriti , Song Hyunmi , Troncoso Paulina , Vivas A. Katherina , Zabludoff Ann , Zenteno Alfredo
Published: February 2024

We describe the survey design and science goals for One-hundred-deg2 DECam Imaging in Narrowbands (ODIN), a NOIRLab survey using the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) to obtain deep (AB ∼ 25.7) narrowband images over an unprecedented area of sky. The three custom-built narrowband filters, N419, N501, and N673, have central wavelengths of 419, 501, and 673 nm and respective FWHM of 7.5, 7.6, and 10.0 nm, corresponding to Lyα at z = 2.4, 3.1, and 4.5 and cosmic times of 2.8, 2.1, and 1.4 Gyr, respectively. When combined with even deeper, public broadband data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam, DECam, and in the future, the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, the ODIN narrowband images will enable the selection of over 100,000 Lyα-emitting (LAE) galaxies at these epochs. ODIN-selected LAEs will identify protoclusters as galaxy overdensities, and the deep narrowband images enable detection of highly extended Lyα blobs (LABs). Primary science goals include measuring the clustering strength and dark matter halo connection of LAEs, LABs, and protoclusters, and their respective relationship to filaments in the cosmic web. The three epochs allow for the redshift evolution of these properties to be determined during the period known as Cosmic Noon, where star formation was at its peak. The narrowband filter wavelengths are designed to enable interloper rejection and further scientific studies by revealing [O ii] and [O iii] at z = 0.34, Lyα and He ii 1640 at z = 3.1, and Lyman continuum plus Lyα at z = 4.5. Ancillary science includes similar studies of the lower-redshift emission-line galaxy samples and investigations of nearby star-forming galaxies resolved into numerous [O iii] and [S ii] emitting regions.
The Propagation of Fast Radio Bursts in the Magnetosphere Shapes Their Waiting-time and Flux Distributions
Authors: Xiao Di , Dai Zi-Gao , Wu Xue-Feng
Published: February 2024

The field of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has entered the age of fine characterization as observational results from different radio telescopes become more and more abundant. The large FRB sample is suitable for a statistical study. There is an interesting finding that the waiting-time distributions of very active repeating FRBs show a universal double-peaked feature, with left peaks lower than right ones. Assuming these two peaks are independent and initially comparable, we show that the observed asymmetric shape can be ascribed to the propagational effect in the magnetosphere. An FRB passing through the magnetized plasma will induce the circular motion of charged particles to form a current loop. This further leads to an induced magnetic field in the opposite direction with respect to the background field. As the effective field strength changes, the scattering absorption probability of the following FRB will be influenced. The absorption can be important under certain physical conditions and bursts with smaller time lags are easier to be absorbed. Also, there will be an imprint on the flux distribution as the scattering optical depth depends on burst luminosity as well.
X-Ray Polarimetry as a Tool to Constrain Orbital Parameters in X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Rankin John , Kravtsov Vadim , Muleri Fabio , Poutanen Juri , Marin Frédéric , Capitanio Fiamma , Matt Giorgio , Costa Enrico , Marco Alessandro Di , Fabiani Sergio , La Monaca Fabio , Marra Lorenzo , Soffitta Paolo
Published: February 2024

X-ray binary systems consist of a companion star and a compact object in close orbit. Thanks to their copious X-ray emission, these objects have been studied in detail using X-ray spectroscopy and timing. The inclination of these systems is a major uncertainty in the determination of the mass of the compact object using optical spectroscopic methods. In this paper, we present a new method to constrain the inclination of X-ray binaries, which is based on the modeling of the polarization of X-rays photons produced by a compact source and scattered off the companion star. We describe our method and explore the potential of this technique in the specific case of the low-mass X-ray binary GS 1826−238 observed by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer observatory.
Observation of GRB 221009A Early Afterglow in X-Ray/Gamma-Ray Energy Bands
Authors: Zheng Chao , Zhang Yan-Qiu , Xiong Shao-Lin , Li Cheng-Kui , Gao He , Xue Wang-Chen , Liu Jia-Cong , Wang Chen-Wei , Tan Wen-Jun , Peng Wen-Xi , An Zheng-Hua , Cai Ce , Ge Ming-Yu , Guo Dong-Ya , Huang Yue , Li Bing , Li Ti-Pei , Li Xiao-Bo , Li Xin-Qiao , Li Xu-Fang , Liao Jin-Yuan , Liu Cong-Zhan , Lu Fang-Jun , Ma Xiang , Qiao Rui , Song Li-Ming , Wang Jin , Wang Ping , Wang Xi-Lu , Wang Yue , Wen Xiang-Yang , Xiao Shuo , Xu Yan-Bing , Xu Yu-Peng , Yao Zhi-Guo , Yi Qi-Bing , Yi Shu-Xu , You Yuan , Zhang Fan , Zhang Jin-Peng , Zhang Peng , Zhang Shu , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Zhang Yan-Ting , Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xiao-Yun , Zhao Yi , Zheng Shi-Jie
Published: February 2024

The early afterglow of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) can provide critical information on the jet and progenitor of the GRB. The extreme brightness of GRB 221009A allows us to probe its early afterglow in unprecedented detail. In this Letter, we report comprehensive observation results of the early afterglow of GRB 221009A (from T
0+660 s to T
0+1860 s, where T
0 is the Insight-HXMT/HE trigger time) in X-ray/gamma-ray energy band (from 20 keV to 20 MeV) by Insight-HXMT High Energy X-ray Telescope, GECAM-C, and Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. We find that the spectrum of the early afterglow in 20 keV–20 MeV can be well described by a cutoff power law with an extra power law that dominates the low- and high-energy bands, respectively. The cutoff power law E
peak is ∼30 keV, and the power-law photon index is ∼1.8 throughout the early afterglow phase. By fitting the light curves in different energy bands, we find that a significant achromatic break (from keV to TeV) is required at T
0 +

1246

−
26

+
27

s (i.e., 1021 s since the afterglow starting time T
AG = T
0+225 s), providing compelling evidence of a jet break. Interestingly, both the pre-break and post-break decay slopes vary with energy, and these two slopes become closer in the lower energy band, making the break less identifiable. Intriguingly, the spectrum of the early afterglow experienced a slight hardening before the break and a softening after the break. These results provide new insights into the physics of this remarkable GRB.
Exotic pet owners’ preferences for different ectothermic taxa are based on species traits and purchase prices in the United States
Authors: Pienaar Elizabeth F. , Sturgeon Diane J. E.
Published: February 2024

The exotic pet trade has resulted in substantial invasion and disease risks, owing to the release of pets into new environments. Scientists have conjectured that pet owners acquire and release species with undesirable traits because they are imperfectly informed about the traits of these animals. However, few studies have used social science methods to elicit pet owners’ preferences for exotic pets. In 2019 we administered a best-worst choice survey to 1,055 exotic pet owners in the United States (who own pet reptiles, amphibians, fish, or invertebrates) to examine how human preferences and incomplete information may contribute to the risks of the exotic pet trade. Respondents preferred colorful and patterned species. On average, respondents preferred medium-sized amphibians and reptiles, small fish, and large invertebrates, although they demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to the adult size of pets. Respondents also preferred amphibians and reptiles with medium life expectancies and fish and invertebrates with long life expectancies, although they again demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to pets’ life span. Respondents preferred docile animals, and were more likely to purchase lower-cost pets. We found some evidence that respondents’ decision to purchase exotic pets depended on whether these animals were native, rare, had unusual morphological features, and breed easily. Respondents’ decision to purchase specific taxa as exotic pets also depended on their age, education, and housing. Most respondents stated that they searched for information on pets’ diet, behavior, adult size, life span, costs of care such as equipment or veterinary costs, and whether the animal was captive bred before purchasing these animals. Excepting pets’ diets, fewer than half of respondents had been offered information on pets’ traits by sellers. On average, respondents rated the information they had been offered as average. Respondents typically obtained additional information about pets from online searches. Our results suggest that certification systems that provide critical information on exotic pets’ behaviors, adult size, longevity, fecundity, and husbandry needs should be implemented to prevent pet owners acquiring animals that they may subsequently abandon.
Well-posedness and stability for a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam equation
Authors: Deng Panyu , Zheng Jun , Zhu Guchuan
Published: February 2024

We study the well-posedness and stability for a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam equation modeling railway track deflections in the framework of input-to-state stability (ISS) theory. More specifically, in the presence of both distributed in-domain and boundary disturbances, we prove first the existence and uniqueness of a classical solution by using the technique of lifting and the semigroup method, and then establish the $ L^r $-integral input-to-state stability estimate for the solution whenever $ r\in [2, +\infty] $ by constructing a suitable Lyapunov functional with the aid of Sobolev-like inequalities, which are used to deal with the boundary terms. We provide an extensive extension of relevant work presented in the existing literature.
Theoretical analysis of a class of $ \varphi $-Caputo fractional differential equations in Banach space
Authors: Abu Hammad Ma'mon , Zentar Oualid , Alshorm Shameseddin , Ziane Mohamed , Zitouni Ismail
Published: February 2024

A study of a class of nonlinear differential equations involving the $ \varphi $-Caputo type derivative in a Banach space framework is presented. Weissinger's and Meir-Keeler's fixed-point theorems are used to achieve some quantitative results. Two illustrative examples are provided to justify the theoretical results.
A novel iterative scheme for solving delay differential equations and third order boundary value problems via Green's functions
Authors: Okeke Godwin Amechi , Udo Akanimo Victor , Alqahtani Rubayyi T. , Kaplan Melike , Eltayeb Ahmed W.
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we constructed a novel fixed point iterative scheme called the Modified-JK iterative scheme. This iteration process is a modification of the JK iterative scheme. Our scheme converged weakly to the fixed point of a nonexpansive mapping and strongly to the fixed point of a mapping satisfying condition (E). We provided some examples to show that the new scheme converges faster than some existing iterations. Stability and data dependence results were proved for this iteration process. To substantiate our results, we applied our results to solving delay differential equations. Furthermore, the newly introduced scheme was applied in approximating the solution of a class of third order boundary value problems (BVPs) by embedding Green's functions. Moreover, some numerical examples were presented to support the application of our results to BVPs via Green's function. Our results extended and generalized other existing results in literature.
Dynamic event-triggered consensus control for nonlinear multi-agent systems under DoS attacks
Authors: Wang Qiushi , Ren Hongwei , Peng Zhiping , Huang Junlin
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we investigated leader-following consensus control for nonlinear multi-agent systems (MASs) experiencing denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. We proposed a distributed control strategy incorporating an adaptive scheme and a state feedback control gain to eliminate the effects of system nonlinear dynamics and uncertainties. In addition, we introduced a dynamic event-triggered control (DETC) to minimize the utilization of communication resources. Finally, we provided simulation results to show the validity of the proposed approach.
Hermite-Hadamard, Fejér and trapezoid type inequalities using Godunova-Levin Preinvex functions via Bhunia's order and with applications to quadrature formula and random variable
Authors: Afzal Waqar , Aloraini Najla M. , Abbas Mujahid , Ro Jong-Suk , Zaagan Abdullah A.
Published: February 2024

Convex and preinvex functions are two different concepts. Specifically, preinvex functions are generalizations of convex functions. We created some intriguing examples to demonstrate how these classes differ from one another. We showed that Godunova-Levin invex sets are always convex but the converse is not always true. In this note, we present a new class of preinvex functions called $ (\mathtt{h_1}, \mathtt{h_2}) $-Godunova-Levin preinvex functions, which is extensions of $ \mathtt{h} $-Godunova-Levin preinvex functions defined by Adem Kilicman. By using these notions, we initially developed Hermite-Hadamard and Fejér type results. Next, we used trapezoid type results to connect our inequality to the well-known numerical quadrature trapezoidal type formula for finding error bounds by limiting to standard order relations. Additionally, we use the probability density function to relate trapezoid type results for random variable error bounds. In addition to these developed results, several non-trivial examples have been provided as proofs.
Curieux objet de genre, le livre et sa place dans des inventaires après décès à Lille au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Pinceel Aurore
Published: February 2024

L’inventaire après décès a-t-il encore quelque chose à nous apprendre ? La source, bien connue des historien·nes de la culture matérielle et du livre à l’époque moderne, constitue certainement l’un des meilleurs exemples de l’importance pour l’historien·ne du genre de repenser les outils méthodologiques à sa disposition pour traiter des documents paraissant de prime abord avoir livré tous leurs secrets. À partir du cas de l’objet-livre, l’article propose de revisiter le paradoxe auquel aboutissent presque systématiquement les tentatives de cerner à l’aide de l’inventaire la présence dans l’espace domestique d’objets culturellement genrés mais rendus statiquement neutres par le traitement de la source. Une analyse plus fine du document montre que, loin de constituer des groupes de lecteurs homogènes, les détenteurs et détentrices de livres divergent au moins sur trois points – le nombre, la matière et l’inscription spatiale de leurs ouvrages –, qui témoignent des relations contrastées qu’entretenaient les hommes et les femmes vis-à-vis de la culture écrite à l’époque moderne.
S’organiser entre femmes dans l’Association internationale des travailleurs : l’expérience pionnière de la section féminine de Genève (1864-1876)
Authors: Romieux Lola
Published: February 2024

Cet article revient sur les activités de la Section des dames de Genève, devenue ensuite Section des travailleuses, qui existe de 1868 à 1874 en tant que membre de l’Association internationale des travailleurs (AIT). Se créant dans un contexte où les femmes rencontrent des difficultés à intégrer l’Internationale et à y prendre une part active, la section permet à un groupement d’ouvrières de participer à la vie militante genevoise. Par le développement d’actions de solidarité (collectes pour les grévistes, organisation coopérative, fêtes pour enfants) et de prises de position favorables au travail féminin, les militantes réussissent à impacter l’AIT même au-delà des frontières suisses. La reconnaissance et la renommée obtenues permettent la propagation d’un nouveau modèle d’organisation ouvrière : la section féminine, œuvrant pour l’intégration des revendications des travailleuses à celles des travailleurs.
Basculements épistémologiques : la position de l’anthropologue en question
Authors: Selim Monique
Published: February 2024

Cet article dresse à grands traits quelques-unes des fluctuations épistémologiques de l’anthropologie en France sur une courte période, qui s’étend en gros des années 1970 à maintenant. Il expose les basculements épistémologiques, minoritaires ou majoritaires, qui se donnent à voir autour de la position de l’anthropologue sur son terrain. Cette position effective ou idéale est d’autant plus l’épicentre épistémologique de l’anthropologie qu’il s’agit de la seule discipline où la connaissance résulte de façon principielle d’une enquête fondée sur l’immersion du/de la chercheur·e dans le tissu relationnel du groupe étudié. L’auteure replace les débats épistémologiques examinés dans leur contexte social et politique.
Les femmes nigérianes victimes de traite sexuelle en France : recherche et intervention sociale
Authors: Apard Élodie , Diagboya Precious , Simoni Vanessa , Bonnet Marie , O’Deyé Clotilde
Published: February 2024

La traite sexuelle des femmes nigérianes en France est un phénomène de grande ampleur, identifié sur le terrain depuis presque de 30 ans. Cet article donne la parole à deux chercheures, Élodie Apard et Precious Diagbova et une travailleuse sociale, Vanessa Simoni, toutes trois fortement impliquées à la fois dans la recherche, la mise en lumière, et le traitement de ce phénomène en Europe et au Nigéria. Il dénoue un certain nombre de représentations et de freins politiques qui entourent ce phénomène et qui empêchent en partie de l’endiguer, ici et là-bas, laissant les jeunes femmes concernées dans une extrême vulnérabilité. Il donne également des clés pour engager un changement de paradigme dans la prise en charge concrète de ces femmes.
US-Trained Chinese (Returned) Scientific Diaspora, the Transformation of Modern China, and the Evolution of Sino-American Relations from the Mid-19th Century to the Present
Authors: Tan Caixia
Published: February 2024

This article deals with a small but significant fraction of the Chinese diasporas, namely the US-trained Chinese (returned) intellectual and scientific diaspora, which have been influential both in the transformation of modern China and in the shaping of US-China relations from the mid-19th century to the present. The approach of this paper is more historical than conceptual as we take a long-term perspective on the subject. At the nexus of their home country’s domestic and international affairs, scientific diasporas can be considered as a powerful social force. They exert influences both on homeland (foreign) policies and foreign policy decisions in the hostland. In the case of the US-trained Chinese (returned) scientific diaspora, they have been on the front line of successive battlefields of ideas concerning China’s development paths as well as its stance towards the United States. On the one hand, as facilitators of knowledge diffusion and technology transfer, and as implementers of imported “advanced” ideas, concepts, and technologies, they have played an important role in the (trans)formation of China’s modern educational, political, and technological systems. On the other hand, they have also been initiators and important actors in US-China transnational cooperation, especially in the field of science and technology. Our analysis will follow a chronological order. It will focus on two main historical periods: the pre-1979 era, or the legacy of the past, followed by the post-1979 era in which both the size and the impact of the scientific diaspora have been increasing since the establishment (in 1979) of the bilateral diplomatic relationship between the US and the People’s Republic of China (PRC).
Connecting with the Diaspora and Promoting Economic Development: Two Sides of the Same Coin in 21st Century Ireland?
Authors: Guillaumond Julien
Published: February 2024

In the early 21st century, the Republic of Ireland opted for a diaspora strategy built towards fostering its economic development. Initiatives from the Task Force on the Irish abroad to the Global Economic Forum form parts of a strategy to connect and engage with the Irish diaspora. Since the 2008 financial crisis, the Irish authorities have focused on how to tap into the potential of the diaspora in order to boost economic development. The latest policy documents presented by successive Irish governments on trade and investment, as well as on its diaspora strategy as a ‘Global Ireland’, bear witness to the government’s commitment in this regard. Resting on an examination of various policy documents, this article shows that the Irish State has tried to nurture lately a special connection with its diaspora, gradually redefining and extending it to promote its economic development and to reposition itself as an island at the center of the world.
Fijian Diaspora Engagement: Between Willingness and Wariness
Authors: Aza Ondine
Published: February 2024

Fiji exhibits the characteristics of many other Small Island Developing States (SIDS), amongst which a small size, a colonial history and a high emigration rate. This last feature explains the presence of a Fijian diaspora in various parts of the world despite the insignificant size of its local population. Fiji’s current population make-up is a legacy of its British colonial past. Today, ethnicity plays an important role locally within the population and in politics. This paper will explore the ways in which the government of Fijian Prime minister Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama reaches out to the members of its diaspora, against a backdrop of ethnic tensions and the resulting political instability in Fiji. Are there clearly formulated policies? How is multi-ethnicity alluded to when addressing the diaspora? To answer these questions, the paper will consider how the history of the country might shape the government’s current actions when it comes to engaging with the diaspora. The paper aims to contribute to research on diaspora policies in multi-ethnic insular societies. It is part of a wider project that aims to study how the diasporas from island states play a role or is expected to play a role in helping the islands attain their development objectives.
Two-in-One Diasporas? Comparing and Contrasting Migration Management in France and Canada
Authors: Bantman Eve
Published: February 2024

How can two states claim the same diaspora? This issue is addressed in this comparative review of two models of public policy: Canada’s strategy for Francophone Immigration and France’s promotion of international mobility. Based on its century of expertise, Canada has developed a high profile migrant recruitment strategy that relies on networking activities for steering and engaging the Francophone diaspora. This strategy, carried out by government agents and professionals, has positioned Francophone migrants as ambassadors in charge of marketing Canada as a French-speaking hub. By contrast, France’s diaspora strategy is more dated: it is largely institutionalized, and aimed at protecting the rights and interests of its migrants, preserving national identity and ties, providing benefits and subsidies, and creating provisions for representation and vote facilitation. These policies are largely disconnected from Canada's strategy of boosting economic development, cultivating networks for engaging the global diaspora. The empirical data on Francophone promotion and recruitment in Quebec illustrate the extent to which a sophisticated diaspora strategy can transform imaginaries and reconfigure communities at both ends of the migration process. These findings point to the disruptive potential of contemporary diaspora strategies and call for more investigation into its political outcomes.
Irish Diaspora Business Elite philanthropy: boon or bane?
Authors: Groutel Anne
Published: February 2024

This paper deals with diaspora philanthropy in the Irish context. The first part looks at the enduring relationship between the Irish diaspora and the homeland illustrated by the huge amounts of money sent throughout the years by Irish emigrants to their relatives and the activities of diaspora philanthropic organisations in recent decades. Irish-American philanthropist and businessman, Charles F. Feeney, better known as Chuck Feeney, has made an outstanding contribution to Irish higher education through his foundation, The Atlantic Philanthropies. This article examines the far-reaching effects on the Irish economy of Feeney’s endowment – including his attempt to meddle in Ireland’s internal affairs seen as a threat in political circles, which somewhat soured the relationship he entertained with the Irish authorities.
L’union du masque et du corps des super-héros : nudités des Watchmen (2019)
Authors: Dulong Guillaume
Published: February 2024

En 2019, le scénariste Damon Lindelof réalise son grand projet, l’adaptation audiovisuelle de la bande dessinée de Dave Gibbons et Alan Moore, Watchmen. Celle-ci relit la mythologie super-héroïque comme revers et légende des contradictions d’une société américaine individualiste et libérale, impérialiste et démocratique. L’adaptation télévisuelle est à la fois une suite et un retour aux origines de l’univers du comics. Corrélativement, c’est une critique de la manière dont l’Amérique écrit sa propre histoire. Ainsi l’intrigue se déroule dans une réalité alternative mais s’ouvre pourtant sur un événement réel : les émeutes raciales et le massacre des Afro-Américains des 31 mai et 1er juin 1921 à Tulsa. La narration réinterprète les interdits de l’histoire (fiction et historiographie), ce qui ne doit pas se dire et qui est entre les lignes, entre les cases du comics : la persécution et invisibilisation systémique que subit la minorité afro-américaine.Lindelof y pense la représentation super-héroïque de la subjectivité watchmen, comme volonté de puissance ou amour monstre. Elle est « monstre » étant donné le double sens de watch : elle regarde et se donne à voir (watch). Elle est « monstre », aussi, en ce qu’elle joue la montre (watch) en se racontant son apocalypse. Gibbons et Moore présentaient déjà le procès de subjectivation super-héroïque, voire de l’Übermensch nietzschéen en tant que Corps. Ils en faisaient une version idéologique de la subjectivité de l’homme normal en homme du ressentiment : les troubles d’identité des héros masqués (ou non) interrogeaient l’incarnation en persona du sujet contemporain. Ainsi les héros étaient-ils travaillés par « la question watchmen » s’inspirant de celle de Juvénal : « Quis custodiet ipso custodes ? » (traduite en anglais par Who watches the watchmen ?, Qui regarde ceux-là mêmes qui regardent ?)Or la série radicalise l’ambivalence de cette lecture du super-héros entre masque avide de pouvoir et corps débordant de puissance. D’une part, elle exhibe le dispositif de pouvoir et le racisme latent de ladite mythologie comme instrument de régulation d’une société du contrôle panoptique, celle de l’organisation des Cyclopes, gardienne d’une norme xénophobe. D’autre part, Lindelof prétend redonner parole, image et corps, aux traumatisés, aux anormaux, nourrissant une subjectivité résistante et puissante : la nudité bleue. Ainsi nous offre-t-il une triade capitoline à démasquer : Hooded Justice/William Reeves (Louis Gossett Jr), Sister Night/Angela Abar (Regina King) et Dr Manhattan/Calvin Abar/Jon Osterman (Yahya Abdul-Mateen II).
La ville racontée aux enfants dans le livre ivoirien de jeunesse
Authors: Dangui Yah Nadia
Published: February 2024

Le livre pour enfants, en tant que moyen de communication, transmet un message, une manière de représenter et de se représenter la ville ; une représentation qui est, en fin de compte, la conception ou la perception de l’auteur et/ou de l’illustrateur. Cette étude analyse l’évolution des représentations de la ville dans le livre ivoirien de jeunesse. Elle se fonde sur une analyse lexico-thématique et sémiologique de 35 livres littéraires ivoiriens pour enfants publiés entre 1985 et 2020. Il apparaît que la ville est prise dans le sens d’un centre urbain, symbole du développement et de la réussite sociale. Il y a souvent une mise en relation entre la ville et le village, entre la vie au village et la vie en ville, toutes deux idéalisées par les auteurs et les illustrateurs. Enfin, les représentations de la ville font surtout appel à des espaces domestiques, à des représentations du mode de vie urbain. L’espace extérieur est suggéré de manière implicite.
Jardins publics, aires de jeux et bacs à sable dans les albums narratifs pour enfants : des espaces ludiques de contrôle ou d’affranchissement ?
Authors: Gaiotti Florence
Published: February 2024

Les espaces urbains ludiques consacrés aux enfants ont fait l’objet de nombreuses réflexions dans le cadre des politiques urbaines, mais aussi en sciences de l’éducation / anthropologie ou, plus récemment, dans le cadre de recherches en géographie et sociologie. Pensés pour les enfants, pour leur loisir et leur développement au sein des villes, ils sont souvent perçus comme des lieux de contrôle, de sécurisation ou d’assignation spatiale de l’enfance. À partir d’un corpus d’albums pour enfants parus entre 1967 et 2022, dans différentes aires culturelles, l’article se propose d’étudier les représentations de ces espaces spécifiques à partir de trois perspectives. Il s’intéressera d’abord à la manière dont les créateurs mettent en lien ces espaces et l’environnement urbain dans lequel ils s’inscrivent. Il s’agira également d’observer, au sein de ces fictions en texte et en images, les sociabilités qu’ils rendent possibles ou entravent. Enfin, nous verrons comment les albums en font aussi des lieux de détournement des espaces autres, en convoquant les jeux et l’imagination des enfants eux-mêmes.
Villes désirées, villes désirables
Authors: Olivier Cheyenne
Published: February 2024

Les villes sont souvent présentées comme des lieux inhumains et hostiles dans les albums pour enfants. Une vision opposée à la représentation d’une ruralité naturelle et idéalisée. Cette dichotomie à l’œuvre dans les albums pour enfants publiés en France semble clore toute possibilité d’une transformation de l’urbain vers un espace plus habitable et inclusif. Il est aisé de penser que la thématique de la pauvreté pourrait accentuer cette vision négative, la ville excluant tant les pauvres que les enfants. En effet, l’urbain concentre et rend visible les questions de pauvreté qui semblent lui être majoritairement associées. Pourtant, il me semble que les albums pour enfants contemporains sur la pauvreté, sans gommer la réalité d’un univers urbain sale, solitaire et exclusif, offrent également deux pistes ouvertes vers une transformation possible et désirable de la ville. D’une part, ils rappellent que la ville constitue un pôle d’attraction réel face à la pauvreté bien plus tragique du village, selon un paradoxe de la ville qui veut que plus elle est attractive, plus elle concentre la pauvreté. D’autre part, l’exposé clair et détaillé des problèmes spécifiques de l’espace urbain que l’on peut trouver dans ces albums ouvre sur de potentielles solutions concrètes à mettre en place pour rendre la ville désirable et habitable par tous. Cet article propose une analyse conjointe de deux objets de recherche qui forment le support de ma thèse. D’une part, elle s’appuie sur un corpus d’albums sur la thématique de la pauvreté, établi à partir des travaux menés par le Centre de recherche et d’information sur la littérature de jeunesse (CRILJ) en 2019, ainsi que de la base de données Ricochet. La sélection restreinte convoquée dans cet article privilégie les albums qui mettent en exergue la thématique urbaine dans le dispositif iconotextuel. Elle comprend à la fois des albums traitant de la pauvreté urbaine dans un contexte occidental et des albums étrangers, publiés et traduits en France, qui abordent la pauvreté dans un contexte de migration d’un milieu rural vers un milieu urbain. D’autre part, l’analyse s’appuie sur la création originale d’une série d’albums pour enfants à propos de la pauvreté, coécrite avec l’économiste du développement Esther Duflo, et publiée par le Seuil Jeunesse en 2022 et 2023. Si l’analyse repose principalement sur le troisième album, centré sur la migration temporaire, elle entend aborder les occurrences et fonctions de la ville dans toute la série. Cette approche me permet de mettre en avant les décisions qui peuvent être prises au cours du processus de création et de les croiser avec le résultat final des stratégies narratives, visuelles et textuelles observables dans le corpus.
L’enfance en migration dans la littérature de jeunesse contemporaine : ce que les villes font aux enfants
Authors: de los Ángeles Hernández Gómez María
Published: February 2024

La ville se révèle aujourd’hui l’un des principaux acteurs de l’accueil des populations migrantes. Espace politique, social, habitationnel, urbain, celle-ci prend position face à la migration contemporaine et à ses multiples enjeux. L’accueil et la prise en charge des enfants migrants dans les milieux urbains ou, au contraire, l’inexistence de ces dispositifs mettent en évidence la fragilité du droit à la protection de l’enfance en contexte migratoire. Nous travaillerons sur l’accueil que la ville destine à ces enfants et sur les espaces qui leur sont réservés à partir de trois albums contemporains qui traitent la thématique migratoire sous le prisme de l’exil enfantin.
Experimental Analysis of Cryogenic-Treated Single Tubular Electrodes in Micro-EDM Using CRITIC-MOORA Based Integrated Approach
Authors: Vincent Nivin , John Franklin R.
Published: February 2024

The current research focuses on the viability of rotating, single tubular brass electrodes undergoing shallow cryogenic treatment (at -140°C) before micro-drilling austenitic stainless steel SS316L with the electrical discharge machining process. In order to study and achieve a better rate of material removal and a lower rate of electrode wear, the Taguchi L18 experimental matrix representing the four variables, current, duty cycle, capacitance level, and gap voltage was examined. Regular tap water served as the dielectric fluid to uphold the sustainability concept of the machining experiments and an integrated hybrid approach incorporating CRITIC (criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation) weight determination method and MOORA (multi-objective optimization by the ratio analysis) was applied for decision making. The weight fractions (significance) for MRR and EWR were found to be 0.5532 and 0.4467, respectively and the MOORA method converted multiple objective parameters into a single objective function with weight fractions assigned to each of them. An ideal parameter combination highlighting the dominant significance of duty cycle, pulse current, capacitance level and gap voltage with corresponding values of 70%-18A-1-34V was obtained and the results were substantiated with relevant confirmation experiments. The highest MRR achieved is 10.0961 mm³/min and the lowest EWR is found to be 3.9640 mm³/min. Moreover, the electrode tip regions, the micro holes, and the surrounding workpiece surfaces were also thoughtfully scrutinized and contrasted using scanning electron micrographs (SEM), which validates the worth and significance of cryogenically frozen electrodes in successful micro-drilling of SS316L material.
Going Full TeRM: The Seminal Role of Tissue-Resident Macrophages in Organ Remodeling during Pregnancy and Lactation
Authors: Wu Yixuan , Teh Ye Chean , Chong Shu Zhen
Published: February 2024

During pregnancy and lactation, the uterus and mammary glands undergo remarkable structural changes to perform their critical reproductive functions before reverting to their original dormant state upon childbirth and weaning, respectively. Underlying this incredible plasticity are complex remodeling processes that rely on coordinated decisions at both the cellular and tissue-subunit levels. With their exceptional versatility, tissue-resident macrophages play a variety of supporting roles in these organs during each stage of development, ranging from maintaining immune homeostasis to facilitating tissue remodeling, although much remains to be discovered about the identity and regulation of individual macrophage subsets. In this study, we review the increasingly appreciated contributions of these immune cells to the reproductive process and speculate on future lines of inquiry. Deepening our understanding of their interactions with the parenchymal or stromal populations in their respective niches may reveal new strategies to ameliorate complications in pregnancy and breastfeeding, thereby improving maternal health and well-being.
Pacemaker Implantation in a Patient with a Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava
Authors: Mahanta Dibya Sundar , Barik Rama Chandra , Das Debasish , Acharya Debasis
Published: February 2024

Persistent left-sided superior vena cava (PLSVC) is rare and is the most common systemic vein anomaly. It is mostly asymptomatic and often an incidental finding. It may pose a challenge in performing intervention through it due to its complex anatomy. We report a case of degenerative symptomatic complete atrioventricular node block in whom PLSVC was found incidentally during permanent pacemaker implantation. We also discussed the technical challenges and how to overcome these difficulties.
Relevance of ozone therapy in the field of conservative dentistry and endodontics
Authors: Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Tiwari Rini
Published: February 2024

Ozone is used as a therapy to treat many diseases/infections for many decades; one of its major roles is in dentistry. Ozone therapy in dentistry is an emerging noninvasive technology that can be an alternative to many invasive dental procedures. This review article focuses on the applications of ozone in endodontics.