bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fascin-1 expression is associated with neuroendocrine prostate cancer and directly suppressed by androgen receptor
Authors: Turpin Anthony , Delliaux Carine , Parent Pauline , Chevalier Hortense , Escudero-Iriarte Carmen , Bonardi Franck , Vanpouille Nathalie , Flourens Anne , Querol Jessica , Carnot Aurélien , Leroy Xavier , Herranz Nicolás , Lanel Tristan , Villers Arnauld , Olivier Jonathan , Touzet Hélène , de Launoit Yvan , Tian Tian V. , Duterque-Coquillaud Martine
Published: October 2023

Background

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive form of prostate cancer, arising from resistance to androgen-deprivation therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with NEPC development and invasiveness are still poorly understood. Here we investigated the expression and functional significance of Fascin-1 (FSCN1), a pro-metastasis actin-bundling protein associated with poor prognosis of several cancers, in neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer.

Methods

Differential expression analyses using Genome Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, clinical samples and cell lines were performed. Androgen or antagonist’s cellular treatments and knockdown experiments were used to detect changes in cell morphology, molecular markers, migration properties and in vivo tumour growth. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq) data and ChIP assays were analysed to decipher androgen receptor (AR) binding.

Results

We demonstrated that FSCN1 is upregulated during neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer in vitro, leading to phenotypic changes and NEPC marker expression. In human prostate cancer samples, FSCN1 expression is restricted to NEPC tumours. We showed that the androgen-activated AR downregulates FSCN1 expression and works as a transcriptional repressor to directly suppress FSCN1 expression. AR antagonists alleviate this repression. In addition, FSCN1 silencing further impairs in vivo tumour growth.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings identify FSCN1 as an AR-repressed gene. Particularly, it is involved in NEPC aggressiveness. Our results provide the rationale for the future clinical development of FSCN1 inhibitors in NEPC patients.
Comparison of two lab-scale protocols for enhanced mRNA-based CAR-T cell generation and functionality
Authors: von Auw Nadine , Serfling Robert , Kitte Reni , Hilger Nadja , Zhang Chengkang , Gebhardt Clara , Duenkel Anna , Franz Paul , Koehl Ulrike , Fricke Stephan , Tretbar U. Sandy
Published: October 2023

Process development for transferring lab-scale research workflows to automated manufacturing procedures is critical for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies. Therefore, the key factor for cell viability, expansion, modification, and functionality is the optimal combination of medium and T cell activator as well as their regulatory compliance for later manufacturing under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). In this study, we compared two protocols for CAR-mRNA-modified T cell generation using our current lab-scale process, analyzed all mentioned parameters, and evaluated the protocols’ potential for upscaling and process development of mRNA-based CAR-T cell therapies.
Differentiating multi-MeV, multi-ion spectra with CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors
Authors: Schollmeier M. S. , Bekx J. J. , Hartmann J. , Schork E. , Speicher M. , Brodersen A. F. , Fazzini A. , Fischer P. , Gaul E. , Gonzalez-Izquierdo B. , Günther M. M. , Härle A. K. , Hollinger R. , Kenney K. , Park J. , Rivas D. E. , Scutelnic V. , Shpilman Z. , Wang S. , Rocca J. J. , Korn G.
Published: October 2023

The development of high intensity petawatt lasers has created new possibilities for ion acceleration and nuclear fusion using solid targets. In such laser-matter interaction, multiple ion species are accelerated with broad spectra up to hundreds of MeV. To measure ion yields and for species identification, CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors are frequently used. However, these detectors are limited in their applicability for multi-ion spectra differentiation as standard image recognition algorithms can lead to a misinterpretation of data, there is no unique relation between track diameter and particle energy, and there are overlapping pit diameter relationships for multiple particle species. In this report, we address these issues by first developing an algorithm to overcome user bias during image processing. Second, we use calibration of the detector response for protons, carbon and helium ions (alpha particles) from 0.1 to above 10 MeV and measurements of statistical energy loss fluctuations in a forward-fitting procedure utilizing multiple, differently filtered CR-39, altogether enabling high-sensitivity, multi-species particle spectroscopy. To validate this capability, we show that inferred CR-39 spectra match Thomson parabola ion spectrometer data from the same experiment. Filtered CR-39 spectrometers were used to detect, within a background of ~ 2 × 1011 sr−1 J−1 protons and carbons, (1.3 ± 0.7) × 108 sr−1 J−1 alpha particles from laser-driven proton-boron fusion reactions.
Clinical significance of BPI-ANCA in patients with cystic fibrosis: a single center prospective study
Authors: Iwuji Kenneth , Kanu Adaobi , Stroever Stephanie , Nugent Kenneth , Hamood Abdul , Scott Chris , Navarro Stephany
Published: October 2023

Recurrent pulmonary exacerbation due to infection and inflammation remain the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Increased levels of BPI-ANCA have been linked to Pseudomonas colonization and pulmonary exacerbations in patients with CF. The majority of these studies were done in Europe, and it is unclear whether similar findings are true in CF patients who lives in United States. In our single center study of 47 patients with CF, the prevalence of BPI-ANCA was 19% at baseline and 15% at annual follow-up visit. Overall, there were no statistical differences noted in FEV1 and frequency of pulmonary exacerbations in CF patients who were positive for BPI-ANCA compared to those who were negative for BPI-ANCA. The role of BPI-ANCA in patients with CF still remains unclear.
An open GIS based 3D simulation software to predict cooling tower drift diffusion
Authors: Wang Xuan , Lv Minghua , Liu Shuhuan , Li Jing , Zhang Junfang , Meng Fanjun
Published: October 2023

This paper developed XJCT-3D, a simulation software for cooling tower wet plume dispersion. By coupling it with the Open GIS component Dotspatial, we have achieved geospatial visual representation of the calculation results, which has solved the problems of low calculation efficiency and insufficient visual representation of the traditional CFD software in the calculation of cooling tower wet plume dispersion. In order to verify the validity of the XJCT-3D software simulation results, we have conducted tracer experimental data from the ChalkPoint power plant. XJCT-3D accurately models wet plume deposition during cooling tower operation. From the XJCT-3D calculation results, we have observed that the maximum value of the cooling tower thermal plume wet deposition occurs near 610 m with a maximum value of 6.9E−07 kg/m2 s. This finding suggests that the cooling tower emissions carry a significant load of particles or droplets that have settled on surfaces at this particular altitude. It provides insights into potential environmental and human health impacts and helps in identifying and assessing areas at relatively higher risk of deposition, such as nearby ecosystems, farmland, or urban areas. This information can contribute to the development of effective mitigation strategies and the implementation of appropriate measures to minimize the impact of cooling tower emissions.
Neurobehavioral effects of fungicides in zebrafish: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Reis Carlos G. , Bastos Leonardo M. , Chitolina Rafael , Gallas-Lopes Matheus , Zanona Querusche K. , Becker Sofia Z. , Herrmann Ana P. , Piato Angelo
Published: October 2023

Pesticides are widely used in global agriculture to achieve high productivity levels. Among them, fungicides are specifically designed to inhibit fungal growth in crops and seeds. However, their application often results in environmental contamination, as these chemicals can persistently be detected in surface waters. This poses a potential threat to non-target organisms, including humans, that inhabit the affected ecosystems. In toxicologic research, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is the most commonly used fish species to assess the potential effects of fungicide exposure, and numerous and sometimes conflicting findings have been reported. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the neurobehavioral effects of fungicides in zebrafish. Our search encompassed three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), and the screening process followed predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. We extracted qualitative and quantitative data, as well as assessed reporting quality, from 60 included studies. Meta-analyses were performed for the outcomes of distance traveled in larvae and adults and spontaneous movements in embryos. The results revealed a significant overall effect of fungicide exposure on distance, with a lower distance traveled in the exposed versus control group. No significant effect was observed for spontaneous movements. The overall heterogeneity was high for distance and moderate for spontaneous movements. The poor reporting practices in the field hindered a critical evaluation of the studies. Nevertheless, a sensitivity analysis did not identify any studies skewing the meta-analyses. This review underscores the necessity for better-designed and reported experiments in this field.
A surface treatment method for improving the attachment of PDMS: acoustofluidics as a case study
Authors: Al-Ali Abdulla , Waheed Waqas , Dawaymeh Fadi , Alamoodi Nahla , Alazzam Anas
Published: October 2023

A method for a permanent surface modification of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is presented. A case study on the attachment of PDMS and the lithium niobate (LiNbO3) wafer for acoustofluidics applications is presented as well. The method includes a protocol for chemically treating the surface of PDMS to strengthen its bond with the LiNbO3 surface. The PDMS surface is modified using the 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) silane reagent. The effect of silane treatment on the hydrophilicity, morphology, adhesion strength to LiNbO3, and surface energy of PDMS is investigated. The results demonstrated that the silane treatment permanently increases the hydrophilicity of PDMS and significantly alters its morphology. The bonding strength between PDMS and LiNbO3increased with the duration of the silane treatment, reaching a maximum of approximately 500 kPa. To illustrate the effectiveness of this method, an acoustofluidic device was tested, and the device demonstrated very promising enhanced bonding and sealing capabilities with particle manipulation at a flow rate of up to 1 L/h by means of traveling surface acoustic waves (TSAW). The device was reused multiple times with no fluid leakage or detachment issues. The utility of the presented PDMS surface modification method is not limited to acoustofluidics applications; it has the potential to be further investigated for applications in various scientific fields in the future.
Retraction: Construction of a temperature-responsive terpolymer coating with recyclable bactericidal and self-cleaning antimicrobial properties
Authors: Wang Bailiang , Ye Zi , Xu Qingwen , Liu Huihua , Lin Quankui , Chen Hao , Nan Kaihui
Published: October 2023

Retraction of ‘Construction of a temperature-responsive terpolymer coating with recyclable bactericidal and self-cleaning antimicrobial properties’ by Bailiang Wang et al., Biomater. Sci., 2016, 4, 1731–1741, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6BM00587J.
Fabrication of porous polyimide as cathode for high performance lithium-ion battery
Authors: Liu Xianyu , Xie Mingxun , Wei Yunxia , Guo Yongliang , Liu Zheng
Published: October 2023

The prepared porous polyimide served as a cathode for LIBs, and delivers a high discharge platform of 2.1 V and satisfactory electrochemical performance.
Heteroatom-boron-heteroatom-doped π-conjugated systems: structures, synthesis and photofunctional properties
Authors: Ma Tinghao , Dong Jiaqi , Yang Deng-Tao
Published: October 2023

An encompassing survey of XBX-doped π-conjugated systems and how the X-B-X unit induces transformative structural and property changes.
Construction of 5-methyleneoxazolidine-2,4-diones bearing modifiable halogen groups through a halopalladation strategy
Authors: Zhan Huilin , Chen Bin , Zhu Biao , Li Xiang , Han Zhengyu , Sun Jianwei , Huang Hai
Published: October 2023

Based on a halopalladation strategy, we successfully developed a haloesterification reaction of propargylic amides to synthesize a diverse range of 5-(halomethylene)oxazolidine-2,4-diones.
Carbonyl group directed synthesis of 3-boryl-3-substituted alkenyl oxindoles and tetrasubstituted β-borylenones
Authors: Ghorai Debraj , Das Kanak Kanti , Panda Santanu
Published: October 2023

The synthesis of 3,3-substituted alkenyl oxindole boronates and tetrasubstituted β-borylesters and β-borylamides was achieved via a transition metal-free carbonyl-directed boron-Wittig reaction of α-bis(boryl)carbanions, which is difficult to achieve via other known methods.
Skeletal rearrangement of a boron-containing annulenic molecule into a macrocycle bridged by an electronically stabilized boron cation
Authors: Murata Yukihiro , Özen Cihan , Maeda Satoshi , Fukushima Takanori , Shoji Yoshiaki
Published: October 2023

An annulenic molecule containing a three-coordinate chloroborane moiety undergoes a skeletal rearrangement upon chloride abstraction to form a macrocyclic molecule featuring a borocenium (η5-cyclopentadienyl–B+–R) structure.
Statistical errors in reduced density matrices sampled from quantum circuit simulation and the impact on multireference perturbation theory
Authors: Nishio Soichiro , Oba Yuki , Kurashige Yuki
Published: October 2023

In this work, we present a detailed analysis of statistical errors in reduced density matrices (RDMs) of active space wavefunctions sampled from quantum circuit simulation and the impact on results obtained by the multireference theories.
Solvation free energies of alcohols in water: temperature and pressure dependences
Authors: Taira Aoi , Okamoto Ryuichi , Sumi Tomonari , Koga Kenichiro
Published: October 2023

The three important contributions to the solvation free energy of alcohols in water are quantified as functions of temperature and pressure based the perturbation combining method and other step-wise methods.
Impacts of QM region sizes and conformation numbers on modelling enzyme reactions: a case study of polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase
Authors: Zheng Mingna , Li Yanwei , Zhang Qingzhu , Wang Wenxing
Published: October 2023

Both QM region sizes and conformation numbers have an impact on modelling enzyme reactions. The convergence behavior of energy barriers and features with respect to the QM region size can be accelerated by considering multiple conformations.
Strategies to engineer various nanocarrier-based hybrid catalysts for enhanced chemodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Hao Ji-Na , Ge Kaiming , Chen Guoli , Dai Bin , Li Yongsheng
Published: October 2023

This review summarizes the strategies to engineer CDT nanocatalysts based on diverse nanocarriers, especially those with intrinsic therapeutic activities.
Oligomeric semiconductors enable high efficiency open air processed organic solar cells by modulating pre-aggregation and crystallization kinetics
Authors: Xia Hao , Zhang Ying , Liu Kuan , Deng Wanyuan , Zhu Mengbing , Tan Hua , Fong Patrick W. K. , Liu Heng , Xia Xinxin , Zhang Miao , Dela Peña Top Archie , Ma Ruijie , Li Mingjie , Wu Jiaying , Lang Yongwen , Fu Jiehao , Wong Wai-Yeung , Lu Xinhui , Zhu Weiguo , Li Gang
Published: October 2023

Two novel oligomers boost the 1 cm2 device to achieve a remarkable PCE exceeding 17% using a green solvent in open-air without post-treatment. In-depth in situ & ex situ studies elucidate the mechanisms of action of the oligomers. This work demonstrates effective guidelines for future manufacturing.
Wildfire plume ageing in the Photochemical Large Aerosol Chamber (PHOTO-LAC)
Authors: Czech Hendryk , Popovicheva Olga , Chernov Dmitriy G. , Kozlov Alexander , Schneider Eric , Shmargunov Vladimir P. , Sueur Maxime , Rüger Christopher P. , Afonso Carlos , Uzhegov Viktor , Kozlov Valerii S. , Panchenko Mikhail V. , Zimmermann Ralf
Published: October 2023

We establish laboratory-photochemical ageing in the 1800 m3 environmental chamber “PHOTO-LAC” to study the atmospheric processing of dense wildfire plumes.
Montmorillonite helps BiOCl photodegradation of antibiotics
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhang Shilin , Lu Hongxiu , Lu Chang , Yang Mei , Tang Kai , Tang Aidong
Published: October 2023

Construction of p–n junction BiOCl/montmorillonite photocatalysts with enhanced carrier separation efficiency for degradation of antibiotics.
New conformationally flexible and recyclable aryl iodine catalysts from an inexpensive chiral source for asymmetric oxidations
Authors: Zhou Hai-Jie , Yao Yi-Ping , Zhang Tonghui , Chen Biao , Wang Xu , Zhao Hang , Zeng Jie , Chen Jian-Ai , Xiao Xiao , Chen Fen-Er
Published: October 2023

A concise, scalable and efficient process has been well established to access a new conformationally flexible and recyclable aryl iodine catalyst library, which could be extensively loaded to a series of highly enantioselective oxidative transformations.
Long-term reproducibility detection method for quantitative LIBS using Kalman filtering
Authors: Lu Ying , Liu Li , Wu Zechuan , Xu Zhishuai , Zhao Ziyi , Hao Zhongqi , Shi Jiulin , He Xingdao
Published: October 2023

The Kalman filtering method can effectively correct the influence of instrument drift and improve the long-term reproducibility of LIBS.
An optical nanofibre-enabled on-chip single-nanoparticle sensor
Authors: Liu Ning , Yao Ni , Wang Shipeng , Zhang Zhang , Ren Tanchen , Gao Ying , Zhou Xuhao , Tong Limin , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2023

An nanofibre-enabled microfluidic sensor for detection nanoparticles which hold great potentials for sensing of diverse viruses.
In situ copper-ion catalyzed synthesis of copper containing poly(isocyanurate-urea) xerogels with antibacterial activity and biocompatibility for biomedical applications
Authors: Selvaraj Seethalakshmi , Ganesan Arya , P V Sreya , Singaram Vengatesan , Pattanayak Deepak K. , Chandrasekaran Naveen
Published: October 2023

Pictorial representation of copper ion containing polyisocyanurate urea xerogels (Cu-PIU) with antibacterial activity.
Highly selective solvent free catalysis of CO2 and CS2 fixation under mild conditions using electronically varied zinc complexes
Authors: Barman Souvik , Bag Jayanta , Das Dhiraj , Pal Kuntal
Published: October 2023

Electronically varied Zn complexes as a common catalytic platform to activate CO2 and CS2 under mild and solvent-free conditions, which selectively yielded cyclic carbonates or cyclic thiocarbonates.
Photo-promoted cascade cyclization of aryl alkynes: access to thiocyanate/trifluoromethylthio-containing quinolino[2,1-b]quinazolinones
Authors: Fan Jie , Yan Qinqin , Liu Huaqing , Li Lijun , Liu Zhong-Quan , Li Zejiang
Published: October 2023

Photo-promoted tandem cyclization of aryl alkynes was developed for the construction of diverse SCN/SCF3-containing quinolino[2,1-b]quinazolinones.
A gas diffusion strategy to engineer hierarchically porous Fe–N–C electrocatalysts for high-performance cathodes of Zn–air batteries
Authors: Zhang Yunxiao , Xiao Wenhua , Zhang Jingqiang , Hu Tiantian , Hu Shanxia , Zhou Minjie , Hou Zhaohui , Liu Yu , He Binhong
Published: October 2023

One-step pyrolysis of amino acid zinc chelates and levodopa polymers and ferrocene using a gas diffusion strategy endows Fe-NCNF-120 with a hierarchically porous morphology and dense and accessible Fe–Nx sites, thus significantly improving ORR performance.
Regulating the electrical double layer to prevent water electrolysis for wet ionic liquids with cheap salts
Authors: Wu Jiedu , Zhang Jinkai , Chen Ming , Yan Jiawei , Mao Bingwei , Feng Guang
Published: October 2023

We provided strategies for regulating the EDL and managing interfacial water activity, extending the understanding of interface engineering for IL electrochemical systems.
Construction of surface electron island by a simple organic molecule adsorption strategy: tuning the energy band structure and boosting the photocatalytic performance
Authors: Hu Jindou , Lu Xiaoyan , Turgan Dilireba , Liu Anjie , Lu Zhenjiang , Xie Jing , Cao Yali
Published: October 2023

A surface electric field was constructed on commercial P25 by a simple adsorption strategy utilizing PEG-400 to optimize the energy band structure and significantly enhance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance.
Tetraphenylethene-based macrocycles with dual-ring topology: synthesis, structures, and applications
Authors: Zhang Junying , Kang Wenbing , Xu Xing-Dong
Published: October 2023

This review focuses on the eight-shaped double ring structure of tetraphenylethylene, summarizes the research progress of structures, ionic molecular structures and metal molecular structures, and looks forward to its future development direction.
Effect of shape anisotropy on the precipitation of dimeric nanoparticles
Authors: Moinuddin Md , Rane Kaustubh
Published: October 2023

Increasing the size of the non-attractive part of a dimer stabilizes the nanoparticle-suspension at a given temperature.
Neutron radiography of liquid foam structure near a vertical wall
Authors: Skrypnik Artem , Knüpfer Leon , Trtik Pavel , Tholan Vaishakh , Parkes Siân , Heitkam Sascha
Published: October 2023

We employ neutron radiography to observe how the transition from crystalline arrangement to random packing of bubbles in liquid foam affects its liquid hold-up and drainage resistance.
Segmentation of Spoken Overlapping Ambiguity Strings in Chinese: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Wang Youxi , Duan Suke , Ma Guojie , Shen Wei
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Using the printed-word paradigm with eye tracking, this study conducted three experiments to examine (a) how multiple words in spoken overlapping ambiguity strings (OASs) are activated, (b) how word frequency influences the word segmentation of spoken OASs, and (c) whether the multiple words in spoken OASs are activated competitively or independently.

Method:

In this study, participants listened to a four-character spoken OAS (ABCD) and were presented with a visual display composed of a semantic associate of the “middle word” (BC; Experiments 1 and 2) or the “left word” (AB; Experiment 3) and two distractors. In Experiment 1, the word frequency of the middle words was manipulated to be higher than that of the neighbor words. In Experiment 2, the word frequency of the middle words was manipulated to be either higher or lower than that of the neighbor words. In Experiment 3, participants listened to either spoken OASs (ABCD) or spoken unambiguous strings (ABEF).

Results:

In Experiment 1, we observed a significant semantic competition effect; that is, more fixations fell on the semantic competitors than on distractors, suggesting that the semantic information of the middle words in the spoken OASs was activated. In Experiment 2, the semantic competition effect was only observed in the high-frequency condition and was absent in the low-frequency condition. In Experiment 3, the results showed significant semantic competition effects for the left words under both conditions, and the observed effect was similar between the ambiguity condition and the control condition.

Conclusions:

These findings show that multiple words in spoken OASs are all activated and the activation level is modulated by word frequency. In addition, multiple words in the spoken OASs may be processed independently during spoken comprehension.
Vocabulary Instruction to Support Reading: A Clinician's Guide to Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Duff Dawna
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

The purposes of this tutorial are to (a) summarize the relationships between vocabulary and reading, in order to provide a justification for including vocabulary as part of literacy instruction and intervention; (b) outline ways to identify children with vocabulary deficits; (c) provide an overview of treatment for vocabulary intervention, which address the goals of developing word-specific knowledge, increasing awareness of the effect of context on word meaning, and developing the ability to infer the meaning of new words; and (d) outline evidence for a range of service delivery models for vocabulary intervention.

Method:

This tutorial includes a review of research related to vocabulary and reading development, strategies for identifying students who struggle with vocabulary learning, and intervention strategies that support vocabulary growth and reading development and role of the speech-language pathologist in vocabulary instruction and intervention.

Conclusions:

Vocabulary knowledge is critical to reading at all developmental phases. This tutorial outlines key information about vocabulary that speech-language pathologists can use to plan assessment and effective intervention for this foundational skill in written language.
Online Dynamic Modelling for Digital Twin Enabled Sintering Systems: An Iterative Update Data‐Driven Method
Authors: Ding Xuda , Liu Wei , Ye Jiale , Chen Cailian , Guan Xinping
Published: October 2023

The sintering process is a crucial thermochemical process in the blast furnace iron‐making system. Tumble strength (TS), as a vital performance to assess sinter quality, is difficult to monitor due to the lack of timely measurement. Constructing a data‐driven model for TS is an alternative for monitoring TS. However, the time‐varying dynamic sintering process makes the task of modelling challenging. And the data are incomplete and insufficient in practice for modelling since there are unknown time delays in the system and lack actual TS value. The digital twin (DT) technique is a powerful tool to simulate the system dynamics with the real‐time interaction between physical processes and virtual agents in cyberspace. This paper introduces a DT‐enabled equivalent of the sintering system and proposes online data‐driven modelling for TS monitoring. The time delay in the system is estimated for variable sequence alignment based on a modified maximum information coefficient method. The data used for modelling is enriched based on a multi‐source information fusion technique. An adaptive update method is proposed to deal with the time‐varying dynamics. The iterative forgetting factor‐based algorithm is designed for the support vector regression method and guarantees a fast computational speed. Implementation and validation of the model on a DT‐enabled sintering system show the efficiency of the proposed method. The accuracy of TS monitoring reaches 99.6% by analysis of 3 months’ data.
Design of Binary and Ternary Logic Inverters Based on Silicon Feedback FETs Using TCAD Simulator
Authors: Horri Ashkan
Published: October 2023

A feedback field effect transistor (FBFET) with p‐n‐p‐n structure benefits from a positive feedback mechanism. In this structure, the accumulated charges in its potential well and limitation of carrier flow by its internal potential barrier lead to superior electrical properties such as lower subthreshold swing (SS) and higher ION/IOFF ratio in comparison with FinFET. Thus, FBFET is a promising alternative for digital applications such as logic inverters. In this paper, binary and ternary logic inverters are designed by using FBFETs with 40 nm channel length. The doping profile in the device plays an essential role and specifies the binary or ternary operation of the inverter. The inverter is analyzed by using a TCAD mixed‐mode simulator. The results indicate the high value of 1010 for ION/IOFF ratio with an extremely low SS (1 mV/decade). The voltage transfer characteristics of the inverter and its dependence on doping levels have been investigated. Also, the electrical properties of this inverter are compared with previous inverter counterparts.
Robust stabilization of LTI negative imaginary systems using the nearest negative imaginary controller
Authors: Mabrok Mohamed , Abdelrahim Mahmoud
Published: October 2023

This paper considers the problem of robust stabilization of linear time‐invariant systems with respect to unmodelled dynamics and structure uncertainties. To that end, a methodology to find the nearest negative imaginary system for a given non‐negative imaginary system is presented first. Then, this result is employed to construct a near optimal linear quadratic Gaussian controller achieving desired performance measures. The problem is formulated using port‐Hamiltonian method and the required conditions are defined in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The technique is presented using the fast gradient method to solve the problem systematically. The designed controller satisfies a negative imaginary property and guarantees a robust feedback loop. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by a simulation on a numerical example.
PS J2107−1611: A new wide-separation, quadruply imaged lensed quasar with flux ratio anomalies
Authors: Dux Frédéric , Lemon Cameron , Courbin Frédéric , Sluse Dominique , Smette Alain , Anguita Timo , Neira Favio
Published: October 2023

We report the discovery of PS J2107−1611, a fold-configuration 4.3″-separation quadruply lensed quasar with a bright lensed arc. It was discovered using a convolutional neural network on Pan-STARRS gri images of pre-selected quasar candidates with multiple nearby Pan-STARRS detections. Spectroscopic follow-up with EFOSC2 on the ESO 3.58 m New Technology Telescope reveals the source to be a quasar at z = 2.673, with the blended fold image pair showing deformed broad lines relative to the other images. The flux ratios measured from optical to near-infrared imaging in the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, Pan-STARRS, the Legacy Surveys, and the Vista Hemisphere Survey are inconsistent with a smooth mass model as the fold pair images are ∼15 times too faint. Variability, time delay effects, and reddening are ruled out through multiple-epoch imaging and color information. The system is marginally resolved in the radio in the Very Large Array Sky Survey S-band, where it has a 10 mJy detection. The radio flux ratios are compatible with the smooth mass macromodel. This system offers a unique tool for future studies of quasar structure with strong and microlensing. A more detailed analysis of follow-up with JWST/MIRI, VLT/MUSE, VLT/ERIS, and data from the European Very Long Baseline Interferometer will be presented in a forthcoming paper.
Cartographier la végétation et les Local Climate Zone dans six agglomérations de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Authors: Diallo-Dudek Julita , Vairet Thibaut , Richard Yves , Thevenin Thomas , Martiny Nadège , Pergaud Julien , Roy Damien , Bernard Jeremy , Bocher Erwan , Rega Mario , Poupelin Melissa , Dubois Patricia , Cléau-André Hélène
Published: October 2023

Les recherches sur le climat urbain de Dijon Métropole ont révélé l’importance de l’îlot de chaleur urbain (ICU) dans les villes de taille moyenne (6°C) et les effets rafraîchissants des espaces verts (réduction de 1 à 4°C). Ces résultats mettent en évidence l’importance d’intégrer ces aspects dans la planification urbaine pour favoriser des environnements urbains plus frais. La classification Local Climate Zones (LCZ) permet de mieux comprendre et étudier le climat urbain à l’échelle locale. Elle permet de différencier les différentes structures et revêtements des zones urbaines et leur impact. De plus, l’analyse de l’imagerie satellite Pléiades a permis d’améliorer la représentation de la végétation et d’identifier les zones nécessitant la création d’îlots de fraîcheur urbains. Le pourcentage élevé de végétation privée par rapport à la superficie totale de la végétation urbaine souligne la nécessité d’un partenariat public-privé pour protéger les îlots de fraîcheur urbains existants. Le programme SAVE-IFU a permis une collaboration sur le climat urbain entre six agglomérations, dont Dijon Métropole.
Classification Criteria For Early Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review
Article
Authors: Herrero-Manley Luz , Alabajos-Cea Ana , Suso-Martí Luis , Viosca-Herrero Enrique
Published: October 2023

Objective The aim of this systematic review (SR) was to define the
“state of the art” on classification criteria for early knee
osteoarthritis (EKOA).

Methods A systematic review was performed using MEDLINE (Pubmed), Web of
Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PEDro, CINAHL and Google scholar databases. Two
independent reviewers conducted the eligibility review. Any type of study that
proposed diagnostic criteria of EKOA was included.

Results Seven articles were included according to the inclusion criteria.
The evidence presented in this SR shows that there is still no consensus
regarding definition and classification of EKOA. At present, there are seven
different proposals in the scientific literature, and they only agree on
including knee pain and radiographic evaluation in their criteria, but they do
not even consider the same situations for including these two factors.

Conclusion There is still no consensus regarding definition and
classification of EKOA. Knee pain and radiological assessment seem to be the
most commonly used criteria, but due to the variability encountered, it is not
possible to reach a consensus on a clear definition and diagnosis of EOKA.
The Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent
Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Insulin
Resistance in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Danowska Magdalena , Strączkowski Marek
Published: October 2023

Skeletal muscle is the tissue directly involved in insulin-stimulated glucose
uptake. Glucose is the primary energy substrate for contracting muscles, and
proper metabolism of glucose is essential for health. Contractile activity and
the associated Ca2+signaling regulate functional capacity and
muscle mass. A high concentration of Ca2+and the presence of
calmodulin (CaM) leads to the activation of calcineurin (CaN), a protein with
serine-threonine phosphatase activity. The signaling pathway linked with CaN and
transcription factors like the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is
essential for skeletal muscle development and reprogramming of fast-twitch to
slow-twitch fibers. CaN activation may promote metabolic adaptations in muscle
cells, resulting in better insulin-stimulated glucose transport. The molecular
mechanisms underlying the altered insulin response remain unclear. The role of
the CaN/NFAT pathway in regulating skeletal muscle hypertrophy is better
described than its involvement in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Thus,
there are opportunities for future research in that field. This review presents
the role of CaN/NFAT signaling and suggests the relationship with
insulin-resistant muscles.
Evaluation of a questionnaire to assess the indication for screening colonoscopy for asymptomatic patients
Authors: Phillip Veit , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Walter Benjamin , Schmid Roland M. , Rasch Sebastian
Published: October 2023

Introduction Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Screening colonoscopy is a very effective measure to prevent colorectal cancer and can reduce mortality at the population level. However, the participation rates of screening programs are low.

To provide easily accessible information on screening colonoscopy and to increase the participation rates of screening programs, we developed a questionnaire for asymptomatic patients based on the German guidelines to assess the indication for screening colonoscopy. We evaluated the questionnaire with reference to the indications given by specialists in gastroenterology.

Methods Patients who visited a specialist in gastroenterology in an outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital for other reasons than a colonoscopy were eligible for the study. A maximum of seven questions to assess the indication for screening colonoscopy were answered by the patients. Afterward, the indication for screening colonoscopy was given or not by a specialist in gastroenterology. The accuracy of the questionnaire was measured in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values.

Results In total, 335 patients were included in the analyses, of whom 50 and 285 patients were given and were not given an indication for screening colonoscopy by the specialists, respectively. In 0/50 patients, the questionnaire was false negative and in 8/285 patients false positive. Thus, the questionnaire had a sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval: 93–100%), a specificity of 97% (95–99%), a negative predictive value of 100% (99–100%), and a positive predictive value of 86% (75–94%).

A subgroup analysis including patients who had never had a colonoscopy (n=109) showed comparable results: sensitivity of 100% (92–100%), specificity of 92% (83–97%), negative predictive value of 100% (94–100%), and positive predictive value of 90% (87–97%).

Conclusion The self-assessment questionnaire for asymptomatic individuals to assess the recommendation for screening colonoscopy is very sensitive and specific compared to a specialist in gastroenterology.

The questionnaire can be found at:

https://www.interdisziplinaere-endoskopie.mri.tum.de/de/infos-patienten/index.php
Doctor, Will My Surgical Hardware Set Off Metal Detector in the Airport?
Authors: Reis Igor Guedes Nogueira , Guimarães Beatriz Marinho , Souza Samuel Henrique Ferreira de , Andrade Marco Antônio Percope de , Pires Robinson Esteves
Published: October 2023

Objetivo Verificar se implantes metálicos de uso rotineiro (aço inoxidável, liga de alumínio, cobalto-cromo-molibdênio e feitos de titânio) serão detectados em um aeroporto internacional do Brasil e gerar informações úteis para evitar transtornos ao paciente e apoiar os órgãos reguladores de segurança.

Métodos Estudo experimental, não randomizado, controlado e cruzado foi realizado recrutando dois indivíduos, um homem e uma mulher, para passar por um detector de metais padrão do aeroporto com implantes ortopédicos presos ao corpo. Foram testados implantes com diferentes composições, pesos e em várias partes do corpo.

Resultados De todos os implantes testados, não houve detecção de implantes para fixação interna, sejam de aço ou de titânio. O fixador externo foi detectado e a única diferença na composição é que o fixador externo testado é de liga de alumínio. Todos os implantes de artroplastia do quadril testados foram detectados. Dois implantes de artroplastia do joelho foram testados, e ambos eram feitos de cobalto-cromo-molibdênio, mas com especificações diferentes, e apenas um deles foi detectado.

Conclusões Neste estudo com implantes ortopédicos ex-vivo, verificamos que os implantes de osteossíntese compostos por aço inoxidável ISO 5832-1 não acionaram o arco detector de metais do aeroporto. No entanto, o fixador externo e as próteses articulares totais foram mais frequentemente detectadas.
Sjogren-Larsson syndrome brain volumetric reductions demonstrated with an automated software
Authors: Castro José Thiago de Souza de , Saab Camilo Lotfi , Souto Mariam Patrícia Auada , Ortolam Juliane Giselle , Steiner Carlos Eduardo , Rezende Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro de , Reis Fabiano
Published: October 2023

Background Sjogren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a neurocutaneous disease with an autosomal recessive inheritance, caused by mutations in the gene that encodes fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH3A2), clinically characterized by ichthyosis, spastic diplegia, and cognitive impairment. Brain imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis, demonstrating a nonspecific leukoencephalopathy. Data regarding brain atrophy and grey matter involvement is scarce and discordant.

Objective We performed a volumetric analysis of the brain of two siblings with SLS with the aim of detecting deep grey matter nuclei, cerebellar grey matter, and brainstem volume reduction in these patients.

Methods Volume data obtained from the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the two patients using an automated segmentation software (Freesurfer) was compared with the volumes of a healthy control group.

Results Statistically significant volume reduction was found in the cerebellum cortex, the brainstem, the thalamus, and the pallidum nuclei.

Conclusion Volume reduction in grey matter leads to the hypothesis that SLS is not a pure leukoencephalopathy. Grey matter structures affected in the present study suggest a dysfunction more prominent in the thalamic motor pathways.
Brazilian experts' consensus on the treatment of infantile epileptic spasm syndrome in infants
Authors: Sampaio Letícia Pereira de Brito , Henriques-Souza Adélia Maria de Miranda , Silveira Mariana Ribeiro Marcondes da , Seguti Lisiane , Santos Mara Lúcia Schmitz Ferreira , Montenegro Maria Augusta , Antoniuk Sérgio , Manreza Maria Luíza Giraldes de
Published: October 2023

Background Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a rare but severe condition affecting children early and is usually secondary to an identifiable brain disorder. It is related to psychomotor deterioration in childhood and epilepsy in adult life. Treatment is challenging as infantile spasms may not respond to most antiseizure medication, and relapse is frequent.

Objective To evaluate the literature regarding treatment of IESS and provide a practical guidance to a healthcare system with limited resources.

Methods An expert committee from the Brazilian Society of Child Neurology reviewed and discussed relevant scientific evidence in the treatment of IESS regarding the drugs available in Brazil.

Results Oral prednisolone and vigabatrin are the most common drugs used as first-line therapy; they are efficient and affordable therapy as both are available in the Brazilian unified health system (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym). Intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) presents similar efficacy as oral prednisolone but has a higher cost and is not available in Brazil. Other antiseizure medications such as topiramate, levetiracetam, or benzodiazepines have limited response and are prescribed as adjuvant therapy. If the health service has nutritionists, a ketogenic diet should be implemented for those not responding to hormonal and vigabatrin treatment. Epilepsy surgery is mainly indicated for patients with focal lesions that do not respond to pharmacological therapy.

Conclusion Early treatment of IESS with efficient drugs is feasible in our country. Using standard protocols increases the odds of achieving complete cessation in a shorter time and decreases relapse.
Dynamics of multi-valued retarded p-Laplace equations driven by nonlinear colored noise
Authors: Wang Fengling , Caraballo Tomás , Li Yangrong
Published: October 2023

This paper mainly considers the long-term behavior of p-Laplace equations with infinite delays driven by nonlinear colored noise. We firstly prove the existence of weak solutions to the equation, but the uniqueness of solutions cannot be guaranteed due to the lack of Lipschitz continuity conditions, and thus generate a multi-valued dynamical system. Moreover, the regularity of solutions is also proved. Then we prove the existence of a pullback attractor. Subsequently, the measurability of the pullback attractor and the multi-valued dynamical system are also proved.
Colossal anomalous Hall conductivity and topological Hall effect in ferromagnetic kagome metal Nd3Al
Authors: Singh Durgesh , Nag Jadupati , Yadam Sankararao , Ganesan V. , Alam Aftab , Suresh K. G.
Published: October 2023

We report a polycrystalline kagome metallic ferromagnet Nd3Al with a large unconventional positive magnetoresistance (∼80%) and a colossal anomalous Hall conductivity of 3 × 104 S/cm. We find that, though it is predominantly ferromagnetic, the low temperature phase is rather complex. The reduction in the effective moment, thermomagnetic irreversibility, anomalous temperature dependence of magnetization, large and non-saturating positive magnetoresistance, and existence of the finite topological Hall effect make this compound quite interesting. Various experimental proofs point toward topological band structure and topological spin texture in the frustrated kagome lattice. Ab initio calculations broadly confirm the presence of flatbands and Weyl points originating from the itinerant Nd-moments. The non-trivial band structure, enhanced skew scattering, and topological spin texture in a frustrated kagome lattice are found to be responsible for the colossal Hall conductivity and the topological Hall effect.
Analysis of Brownian motion trajectories of non-spherical nanoparticles using deep learning
Authors: Fukuda Hiroaki , Kuramochi Hiromi , Shibuta Yasushi , Ichiki Takanori
Published: October 2023

As nanoparticles are being put to practical use as useful materials in the medical, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields, the importance of technologies that can evaluate not only nanoparticle populations of homogeneous size and density but also those of rich diversity is increasing. Nano-tracking analysis (NTA) has been commercialized and widely used as a method to measure individual nanoparticles in liquids and evaluate their size distribution by analyzing Brownian motion. We have combined deep learning (DL) for NTA to extract more property information and explored a methodology to achieve an evaluation for individual particles to understand their diversity. Practical NTA always assumes spherical shape when quantifying particle size using the Stokes–Einstein equation, but it is not possible to verify whether the measured particles are truly spherical. We developed a DL model that predicts the shape of nanoparticles using time series trajectory data of BM obtained from NTA measurements to address this problem. As a result, we were able to discriminate with ∼80% accuracy between spherical and rod-shaped gold nanoparticles of different shapes, which are evaluated to have nearly equal particle size without any discrimination by conventional NTA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the mixing ratio of spherical and rod-shaped nanoparticles can be quantitatively estimated from measured data of mixed samples of nanoparticles. This result suggests that it is possible to evaluate particle shape by applying DL analysis to NTA measurements, which was previously considered impossible, and opens the way to further value-added NTA.
Nondestructive imaging of breakdown process in ferroelectric capacitors using in situ laser-based photoemission electron microscopy
Authors: Fujiwara Hirokazu , Itoya Yuki , Kobayashi Masaharu , Bareille Cédric , Shin Shik , Taniuchi Toshiyuki
Published: October 2023

HfO2-based ferroelectrics are one of the most actively developed functional materials for memory devices. However, in HfO2-based ferroelectric devices, dielectric breakdown is a main failure mechanism during repeated polarization switching. Elucidation of the breakdown process may broaden the scope of applications for the ferroelectric HfO2. Here, we report direct observations of a breakdown process in HfO2-based ferroelectric capacitors, by in situ laser-based photoemission electron microscopy. We have not only clearly visualized the hard dielectric breakdown (HDB) spot but also observed the regions responsible for the soft dielectric breakdown (SDB), which is a precursor phenomenon to HDB. It was found that the low-resistance region formed after SDB is wider than the conduction path formed after HDB. Furthermore, our spectromicroscopic analysis revealed that the photoelectron spectrum after SDB shows an enhancement in intensity without spectral-shape modulation, interpreted that the initially existed defects are increased. In the HDB spot, however, an additional shoulder structure was observed. These results provide spectroscopic evidence that the electronic states responsible for the conduction path after SDB are different from those after HDB. Through this work, we propose this microscopic approach as a versatile tool for studying buried materials as they are, accelerating the development of material engineering for advanced electronic devices.