bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-spatial conflicts caused by an unfavourable rural structure and out-of-date Land and Property Register
Authors: Głowacka Agnieszka , Noszczyk Tomasz , Taszakowski Jarosław , Hernik Józef
Published: March 2017

This article addresses the issue of conflict situations caused by an out-of-date Land and Property Register (LPR) and the disadvantageous structure of rural areas in southern Poland. In this part of the country, holdings are very fragmented and scattered, made up of a large number of small surface area plots located far from the headquarters of the holding. The aim of the article is to present actions that can help improve rural spatial structure and validity of the land register. The authors have, therefore, analysed the problems that may result in both spatial and social conflicts. The following were analysed in particular: discrepancies between data in the LPR and the existing factual state, plots without access to public roads, property ownership structure, the necessity to regulate property boundaries, and problems with the procedure for taking land out of agricultural production. The article presents both positive and negative effects of the land consolidation and exchange process, modernisation of the Land and Property Register, and their impact on socio-spatial conflicts. Its results indicated that the land consolidation procedure and LPR modernisation have a significant impact on socio-spatial relations in rural areas. It has been found that despite the fact that both these activities may give rise to new disputes in addition to resolving conflicts, the overall balance is positive. It is because more positive aspects of these actions were found than negative consequences.
A Theorem at the Core of Colliding Bias
Authors: Shahar Doron J. , Shahar Eyal
Published: March 2017

Conditioning on a shared outcome of two variables can alter the association between these variables, possibly adding a bias component when estimating effects. In particular, if two causes are marginally independent, they might be dependent in strata of their common effect. Explanations of the phenomenon, however, do not explicitly state when dependence will be created and have been largely informal. We prove that two, marginally independent, causes will be dependent in a particular stratum of their shared outcome if and only if they modify each other’s effects, on a probability ratio scale, on that value of the outcome variable. Using our result, we also qualify the claim that such causes will “almost certainly” be dependent in at least one stratum of the outcome: dependence must be created in one stratum of a binary outcome, and independence can be maintained in every stratum of a trinary outcome.
Evaluating fetal head dimension changes during labor using open magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bamberg Christian , Deprest Jan , Sindhwani Nikhil , Teichgräberg Ulf , Güttler Felix , Dudenhausen Joachim W. , Kalache Karim D. , Henrich Wolfgang
Published: March 2017

Aim:

Fetal skull molding is important for the adaptation of the head to the birth canal during vaginal delivery. Importantly, the fetal head must rotate around the maternal symphysis pubis. The goals of this analysis were to observe a human birth in real-time using an open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner and describe the fetal head configuration during expulsion.

Methods:

Real-time cinematic MRI series (TSE single-shot sequence, TR 1600 ms, TE 150 ms) were acquired from the midsagittal plane of the maternal pelvis during the active second stage of labor at 37 weeks of gestation. Frame-by-frame analyses were performed to measure the frontooccipital diameter (FOD) and distance from the vertex to the base of the fetal skull.

Results:

During vaginal delivery in an occiput anterior position, the initial FOD was 10.3 cm. When expulsion began, the fetal skull was deformed and elongated, with the FOD increasing to 10.8 cm and 11.2 cm at crowning. In contrast, the distance from the vertex to the base of the skull was reduced from 6.4 cm to 5.6 cm at expulsion.

Conclusions:

Fetal head molding is the change in the fetal head due to the forces of labor. The biomechanics of this process are poorly understood. Our visualization of the normal mechanism of late second-stage labor shows that MRI technology can for the first time help define the changes in the diameters of the fetal head during active labor.
Vibration Analysis of a Tire in Ground Contact under Varied Conditions
Authors: Karakus Murat , Cavus Aydin , Colakoglu Mehmet
Published: March 2017

The effect of three different factors, which are inflation pressure, vertical load and coefficient of friction on the natural frequencies of a tire (175/70 R13) has been studied. A three dimensional tire model is constructed, using four different material properties and parts in the tire. Mechanical properties of the composite parts are evaluated. After investigating the free vibration, contact analysis is carried out. A concrete block and the tire are modelled together, using three different coefficients of friction. Experiments are run under certain conditions to check the accuracy of the numerical model. The natural frequencies are measured to describe free vibration and vibration of the tire contacted by ground, using a damping monitoring method. It is seen, that experimental and numerical results are in good agreement. On the other hand, investigating the impact of three different factors together is quite difficult on the natural frequencies. When some of these factors are assumed to be constant and the variables are taken one by one, it is easier to assess the effects.
Spline Parameterization of Complex Planar Domains for Isogeometric Analysis
Authors: Gondegaon Sangamesh , Voruganti Hari K.
Published: March 2017

Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) involves unification of modelling and analysis by adopting the same basis functions (splines), for both. Hence, spline based parametric model is the starting step for IGA. Representing a complex domain, using parametric geometric model is a challenging task. Parameterization problem can be defined as, finding an optimal set of control points of a B-spline model for exact domain modelling. Also, the quality of parameterization, too has significant effect on IGA. Finding the B-spline control points for any given domain, which gives accurate results is still an open issue. In this paper, a new planar B-spline parameterization technique, based on domain mapping method is proposed. First step of the methodology is to map an input (non-convex) domain onto a unit circle (convex) with the use of harmonic functions. The unique properties of harmonic functions: global minima and mean value property, ensures the mapping is bi-jective and with no self-intersections. Next step is to map the unit circle to unit square to make it apt for B-spline modelling. Square domain is re-parameterized by using conventional centripetal method. Once the domain is properly parameterized, the required control points are computed by solving the B-spline tensor product equation. The proposed methodology is validated by applying the developed B-spline model for a static structural analysis of a plate, using isogeometric analysis. Different domains are modelled to show effectiveness of the given technique. It is observed that the proposed method is versatile and computationally efficient.
Computation and Monitoring of the Soil Moisture Index on Bulgarian Territory
Authors: Nitcheva Olga , Milev Borislav
Published: March 2017

The estimation and monitoring of the soil moisture index (SMI) on the Bulgarian territory is an important task from agricultural, fire and flood safety and water resources management aspects. It is not achievable by direct measurements as in the country there are only 20 field observation points. For the purpose adequate spatially distributed mathematical models must be employed. The paper demonstrates the implementation of the task by application of the Community Land Model (CLM) and all other procedures related to the preparation of GIS maps (Geographic Information Systems) for monitoring of monthly mean soil moisture index.
Assessment and modulation of cortical inhibition using transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Vlachos Andreas , Funke Klaus , Ziemann Ulf
Published: March 2017

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, which is used for diagnostic, therapeutic and scientific purposes in the field of neurology and psychiatry. It is based on the physical principle of electromagnetic induction and allows for the local activation of cortical areas through the intact skull of conscious humans. When applied repeatedly (repetitive TMS; rTMS) sustained changes of cortical excitability can be observed. Hence, TMS resembles a promising approach for assessing and modulating neuronal networks in a non-invasive manner. However, despite its broad clinical application, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of rTMS-based therapies remain not well understood. Established therapeutic concepts assume that pathologically altered cortical excitability is normalised, which may involve ‘long-term potentiation’ or ‘long-term depression’ of excitatory synapses. Indeed, animal studies demonstrate that rTMS induces long-term changes of excitatory neurotransmission. However, it is unclear through which mechanisms synaptic changes, which are caused by external electromagnetic activation of the cortex and therefore are not specific for context or behaviour, could have a positive impact on complex brain function. More recent findings suggest that not only excitatory but also inhibitory neuronal networks are modulated by rTMS. It was shown for example that 10 Hz rTMS leads to a calcium-dependent long-term depression of inhibitory GABAergic synapses. Since the reduction of inhibitory neurotransmission (= disinhibition) is considered important for the expression of associative plasticity at excitatory synapses, it is conceivable that rTMS-induced disinhibition may promote context- and behaviour-specific synaptic changes. Hence, the model of
Mechanisms of Neurite Pruning
Authors: Rumpf Sebastian , Rode Sandra , Herzmann Svende , Krumkamp Rafael
Published: March 2017

The axons, dendrites and synapses of neurons are among the most intricate structures cells can build. Their morphogenesis involves growth mechanisms, but also regressive mechanisms like retraction or degeneration of supernumerary or non-specific processes. Regressive mechanisms are collectively known as pruning. Pruning can serve the specification of neuronal circuits or the removal of developmentally intermediate structures. Pruning can affect both single synapses or long stretches of neurite. Here, we introduce well-characterized models of developmental pruning in mammals and
Factors of a Successfully Implemented Compulsory Settlement
Authors: Bukovšek Marjeta Zorin , Bratina Borut , Tominc Polona
Published: March 2017

In Slovenia, many companies try to avoid bankruptcy with the introduction of a compulsory settlement procedure, but only a handful of companies successfully complete the compulsory settlement in the sense of a final repayment of creditors in accordance with the adopted financial restructuring plan. The article identified the factors affecting the confirmation of a compulsory settlement as well as the factors affecting the final repayment of creditors and, thus, permanently eliminated the causes of insolvency. The factors were divided into internal and external, whereby the impact of factors on a successfully completed compulsory settlement was verified using quantitative and qualitative research methods.
Mobile Learning Usage and Preferences of Vocational Secondary School Students: The cases of Austria, the Czech Republic, and Germany
Authors: Biloš Antun , Turkalj Davorin , Kelić Ivan
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this paper is to determine the current status of mobile device usage and mobile learning adoption in vocational education and training (VET) secondary schools in three European Union countries (Austria, the Czech Republic, and Germany). The research focused on exploring students’ mobile device usage habits, their attitudes toward education in the context of mobile application support, and preferences regarding mobile learning features. The research confirmed a high level of mobile device usage among secondary school students on a daily basis; smartphones and laptops were the most commonly used devices. The vast majority of participants perceived themselves to be advanced mobile device users, but reported a deficit of ICT-assisted mobile learning experience. However, the majority of respondents with prior ICT-assisted education experience described it as a positive or very positive experience. In addition, study participants tended to agree that mobile learning will play a significant role in education in the future. The paper also explored the reported differences among the students in the three countries and suggested several implications for understanding students’ views of mobile learning. The findings provide insights into possibilities of m-learning implementation while creating a framework for m-learning application development in the VET secondary school environment.
Conus medullaris dermoid tumour. Uncommon presentation of conus medullaris dermoid as an exophytic mass lesion
Authors: Satyarthee Guru Dutta , Kumar Ashwini , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael
Published: March 2017

Authors report an extremely uncommon case dorsally exophytic conus dermoid in a three-years old boy, who underwent meningocele repair locate at lumbosacral region at an age of one month. The boy presented with low backache and difficulty in passing urine. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of spine revealed presence of a large exophytic mass located dorsally in the conus and the features suggestive of dermoid. He underwent surgical intervention during surgery lesion was dorsally exophytic containing cheesy material with hairs, excision of dermoid along capsule was carried our successfully. Pertinent literature and management of exophytic conus dermoid is discussed briefly.
Sturge Weber Syndrome: review of literature with case illustration
Authors: Satyarthee Guru Dutta , Prabhu Manik , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael
Published: March 2017

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) also called as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a sporadically occurring rare neuro-cutaneous syndrome, characterized by vascular malformation with capillary venous angiomas involving face, choroidal layer of eye globe and leptomeninges responsible for ophthamological as well as neurological signs and symptoms. Authors report an interesting case, a six year old girl, who presented with seizures, facial port wine stain and normal psychomotor development. CT scan showed left cerebral hemiatrophy, left frontal and parieto occipital calcification with cortical calcification in left high frontal convexity. Cranial MRI scan also confirmed finding of left cerebral hemiatrophy and also revealed presence of gyriform cortical calcification, prominent flow voids seen in left basal ganglia. Her seizure is well controlled with antiepileptic medication. The pertinent literature is reviewed and management of such cases is discussed briefly.
Retrieval of a retained broken scalpel blade from lumbar intervertebral disc space - a case report
Authors: Agrawal Yogesh , Sharma Somnath , Chopra Sanjeev , Purohit Devendra Kumar
Published: March 2017

Lumbar diskectomy is a common procedure in neurosurgery, besides the common complications broken scalpel blade during disc removal is a rare event. Usually retrieval of such sharp retained fragments in same sitting is difficult and to prevent further complications another session is warranted [1]. We report a case of broken scalpel blade during L1-L2 lumbar intervertebral disc removal and successful surgical retrieval of that tip of knife with the help of operative microscope under fluoroscopic guidance during same sitting before any hazardous complications develop.
The New Approaches to Organization of Students’ Individual Work in Foreign Language Learning in Ukraine and Abroad
Authors: Lysak Halyna , Martynyuk Olena
Published: March 2017

Different approaches to organization of students’ individual work using information technologies in Ukraine and abroad have been presented in the paper. The authors have analyzed the concept and role of students’ individual work in the language learning process. It has been revealed that students’ individual work is a rather flexible process and involves such activities as preparation for lectures, practical tasks, workshops, preparation for different types of control, solution of different complexity level problems in and out of class; work with various sources of information and writing essays, reports, summaries. It has been concluded that information technologies can be a powerful tool for everybody who wants to learn foreign languages through individual work and an efficient facility to enlarge students’ creative potential. The concept of “information technologies” in education has been analyzed and the advantages of using information technologies in organization of students’ individual work have been determined. Language practice at phono and video laboratories, the use of the Internet resources, special computer software and online courses, e-books, electronic encyclopedias and dictionaries have been analyzed as the most effective means to organize students’ individual work in the language learning process.
Roosevelt Predicted to Win: Revisiting the 1936 Literary Digest Poll
Authors: Lohr Sharon L. , Brick J. Michael
Published: March 2017

The Literary Digest poll of 1936, which incorrectly predicted that Landon would defeat Roosevelt in the 1936 US presidential election, has long been held up as an example of how not to sample. The sampling frame was constructed from telephone directories and automobile registration lists, and the survey had a 24% response rate. But if information collected by the poll about votes cast in 1932 had been used to weight the results, the poll would have predicted a majority of electoral votes for Roosevelt in 1936, and thus would have correctly predicted the winner of the election. We explore alternative weighting methods for the 1936 poll and the models that support them. While weighting would have resulted in Roosevelt being projected as the winner, the bias in the estimates is still very large. We discuss implications of these results for today’s low-response-rate surveys and how the accuracy of the modeling might be reflected better than current practice.
Thermo Acoustical Characterization of Several Inorganic Salts in Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone at 303.15 K, 308.15 K, 313.15 K
Authors: Rathina K. , Ramalingam H.B. , Mahalakshmi R. , Umadevi M.
Published: March 2017

The ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity values of liquid mixture of aqueous polyvinyl pyrrolidone with aqueous zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, zinc chloride and manganese chloride have been studied at 303.15 K, 308.15 K and 313.15 K. Relative association, surface tension, modified surface tension, adiabatic compressibility, acoustic impedance, intermolecular free length relaxation time and the nonlinearity parameter have been determined for various compositions. The variation observed in the results suggest that the presence of strong polymer-solvent interactions.
Transcriptional response to hepatitis C virus infection and interferon‐alpha treatment in the human liver
Authors: Boldanova Tujana , Suslov Aleksei , Heim Markus H , Necsulea Anamaria
Published: March 2017

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is widely used to investigate host–virus interactions. Cellular responses to HCV infection have been extensively studied in vitro. However, in human liver, interferon (IFN)‐stimulated gene expression can mask direct transcriptional responses to infection. To better characterize the direct effects of HCV infection in vivo, we analyze the transcriptomes of HCV‐infected patients lacking an activated endogenous IFN system. We show that expression changes observed in these patients predominantly reflect immune cell infiltrates rather than cell‐intrinsic pathways. We also investigate the transcriptomes of patients with endogenous IFN activation, which paradoxically cannot eradicate viral infection. We find that most IFN‐stimulated genes are induced by both recombinant IFN therapy and the endogenous IFN system, but with lower induction levels in the latter, indicating that the innate immune response in chronic hepatitis C is too weak to clear the virus. We show that coding and non‐coding transcripts have different expression dynamics following IFN treatment. Several microRNA primary transcripts, including that of miR‐122, are significantly down‐regulated in response to IFN treatment, suggesting a new mechanism for IFN‐induced expression fine‐tuning.
Successful treatment of thyroid storm presenting as recurrent cardiac arrest and subsequent multiorgan failure by continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Park Han Soo , Kwon Su Kyoung , Kim Ye Na
Published: March 2017

Thyroid storm is a rare and potentially life-threatening medical emergency. We experienced a case of thyroid storm associated with sepsis caused by pneumonia, which had a catastrophic course including recurrent cardiac arrest and subsequent multiple organ failure (MOF). A 22-year-old female patient with a 10-year history of Graves’ disease was transferred to our emergency department (ED). She had a cardiac arrest at her home and a second cardiac arrest at the ED. Her heart recovered after 20 min of cardiac resuscitation. She was diagnosed with thyroid storm associated with hyperthyroidism complicated by pneumonia and sepsis. Although full conventional medical treatment was given, she had progressive MOF and hemodynamic instability consisting of hyperthermia, tachycardia and hypotension. Because of hepatic and renal failure with refractory hypotension, we reduced the patient’s dose of beta-blocker and antithyroid drug, and she was started on continuous veno-venous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with intravenous albumin and plasma supplementation. Subsequently, her body temperature and pulse rate began to stabilize within 1 h, and her blood pressure reached 120/60 mmHg after 6 h. We discontinued antithyroid drug 3 days after admission because of aggravated hyperbilirubinemia. The patient exhibited progressive improvement in thyroid function even after cessation of antithyroid drug, and she successfully recovered from thyroid storm and MOF. This is the first case of thyroid storm successfully treated by CRRT in a patient considered unfit for antithyroid drug treatment.

Learning points:

The presenting manifestations of thyroid storm vary and can include cardiac arrest with multiorgan failure in rare cases.

In some patients with thyroid storm, especially those with severe complications, conventional medical treatment may be ineffective or inappropriate.

During thyroid storm, the initiation of CRRT can immediately lower body temperature and subsequently stabilize vital signs.

Early initiation of CRRT can be life-saving in patients with thyroid storm complicated by MOF, even when used in combination with suboptimal medical treatment.
Clinical Outcomes of Bronchiolitis After Implementation of a General Ward High Flow Nasal Cannula Guideline
Authors: Riese Jeffrey , Porter Timothy , Fierce Jamie , Riese Alison , Richardson Troy , Alverson Brian K.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE:

The goal of this study was to assess the association of the introduction of a ward’s high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) guideline with clinical outcomes of infants with bronchiolitis.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective, pre–post intervention study with an interrupted time series analysis of infants admitted with bronchiolitis between 2010 and 2014 at an urban, tertiary care children’s hospital. Patients admitted in the 24 months before and after initiation of a guideline for HFNC use on the general wards were compared. The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were PICU transfer rate and length of stay, intubation rate, and 30-day readmission, adjusted for season.

RESULTS:

A total of 1937 patients met inclusion criteria; 936 were admitted before and 1001 admitted after the introduction of HFNC use on the general wards. Comparing the 2 groups, the hospital-wide rate of HFNC use in bronchiolitis treatment increased after HFNC became available on the wards (23.9% vs 35.2%; P < .001). The ward’s HFNC guideline was not associated with a change in preintervention trajectory of total hospital length of stay (P = .48), PICU length of stay (P = .06), or rate of PICU transfer (P = .97). There was also no difference in intubation rate or 30-day readmission between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

Initiating a guideline for HFNC use on the general pediatric wards was associated with an increase in the use of the intervention with no significant change in total hospital length of stay, PICU length of stay and transfer rate, intubation rate, or 30-day readmission for patients with bronchiolitis.
Congenital Galactosemia
Authors: Grady Nicole E.G. , Millard Dietra
Published: March 2017

Before the widespread use of newborn screening programs, galactosemia often presented with Escherichia coli sepsis late in the newborn period. Although newborn screening results are often available within 1 to 2 weeks, it is important to remember the subtle clinical features that may present themselves earlier in the clinical course. Recognition of the clinical presentation and knowledge of the tests necessary to diagnose the disease can lead to early detection and immediate interventions, thereby decreasing the severity of long-term outcomes. This review focuses on galactosemia, with an emphasis on classic galactosemia: the pathophysiology, genetics, clinical features both in the neonatal period as well as later in infancy and childhood, screening and diagnostic testing, and treatment and management strategies.
Assessment of Neurodevelopment, Nutrition, and Inflammation From Fetal Life to Adolescence in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Suchdev Parminder S. , Boivin Michael J. , Forsyth Brian W. , Georgieff Michael K. , Guerrant Richard L. , Nelson Charles A.
Published: March 2017

Efforts to improve child neurodevelopment are critical to health, equity, and sustainable development, particularly in low-resource settings in the United States and globally. The colliding epidemics of food insecurity, infectious diseases, and noncommunicable diseases interact and impact neurodevelopment. Understanding the complex relationships between nutrition, inflammation, and neurodevelopment can inform clinical and public health interventions to improve outcomes. This article reviews key definitions, tools, and considerations for the assessment of nutrition, inflammation, and child neurodevelopment. The effectiveness of existing assessment tools to reflect status and biology, particularly in relation to each other, and to predict long-term changes in health is examined. The aim of this review is to present the extant evidence, identify critical research gaps, and suggest a research agenda for future longitudinal and intervention studies to address the assessment of nutrition, inflammation, and child neurodevelopment, particularly in low-resource settings. Despite research gaps, there is a strong relationship between nutrition, inflammation, environmental factors, and child neurodevelopment, which emphasizes the need to evaluate targeted, early interventions to improve long-term health and well-being.
Neurodevelopment: The Impact of Nutrition and Inflammation During Adolescence in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Galler Janina R. , Koethe John R. , Yolken Robert H.
Published: March 2017

Approximately 1 out of 5 children worldwide suffers from childhood malnutrition or stunting and associated health conditions, including an increased susceptibility to infections and inflammation. Due to improved early interventions, most children even in low-resource settings now survive early childhood malnutrition, yet exhibit continuing evidence of neurodevelopmental deficits, including poor school achievement and behavioral problems. These conditions are compounded in children who continue to be undernourished throughout the adolescent years. At present, these sequelae of malnutrition and infection are of major concern in the adolescent population, given that young people between the ages of 10 and 24 years represent nearly one-quarter of the world’s population. Therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on the well-being of this age group and, in particular, on behavioral, cognitive, and brain disorders of adolescents who experienced malnutrition, infection, and inflammation prenatally, in early childhood, and during adolescence itself. Because one-third of all women globally become pregnant during their adolescent years, brain and behavioral disorders during this period can have an intergenerational impact, affecting the health and well-being of the next generation. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge and evidence gaps regarding childhood and adolescent malnutrition and inflammation and their impact on adolescent neurodevelopment, the limited evidence regarding nutrition and psychosocial interventions, and the role of resilience and protective factors in this age group. This overview should help to inform the development of new strategies to improve the neurodevelopmental outcomes of high risk adolescent populations.
Impacts of the dry season on the gas exchange of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis) progenies under field conditions in eastern Colombia
Authors: Bayona-Rodríguez Cristihian Jarri , Ochoa-Cadavid Iván , Romero Hernán Mauricio
Published: March 2017

Elaeis guineensis palms and its interspecific hybrid (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) were planted in 2004 in the Cuernavaca farm of Unipalma S.A., located in the municipality of Paratebueno (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The palms were planted in two fields: Mecasaragua and Aurora. The first field has never been irrigated, and the second one (Aurora) has always been flood-irrigated during the dry season according to the parameters of the plantation. In this study, physiological parameters (gas exchange and water potential) were assessed in three seasons of the year 2013 (dry season, dry-to-wet transition season and wet season). Significant gas exchange differences were found among the seasons in the field with no irrigation (Mecasaragua). Likewise, differences between the genetic materials were observed during the dry season. For example, the photosyn thesis decreased by 75% compared with the palms planted in the irrigated field. No differences among seasons or materials were found in the irrigated field (Aurora). E. guineensis palms were more sensitive to water stress compared with the OxG interspecific hybrid. Both genetic materials responded rapidly to the first rains by leveling their photosynthetic rates and demonstrated an excellent capacity to recover from water stress.
Intervencionismo militar y cambio de régimen político: la relación entre conservadurismo y fuerzas armadas en la Argentina
Authors: Zacarías María Elina
Published: March 2017

Este artículo se propone estudiar el fenómeno del intervencionismo militar en la Argentina desde un enfoque que privilegia el análisis de las relaciones entre las fuerzas armadas y los partidos políticos conservadores. Con el foco puesto en la última experiencia de dictadura militar que tuvo lugar en el país (1976-1983), se desarrolla la tesis que postula una estrecha relación entre el grado de institucionalización de los partidos conservadores durante el periodo de la política de masas y la estabilidad del régimen democrático a lo largo del siglo XX.
Management of releasable full denture in patient with pseudo jaw relation class III: a case report
Authors: Elvi Elvi , Machmud Edy , Thalib Bahruddin , Arafi Armawati , Sulistiawaty Indah
Published: March 2017

Objective: To give information about management of releasable full denture in patient with pseudo jaw relation class IIIMethods: A 58 years old woman came with complaints that she could not chew food and felt shy when she laughed, the woman asked a denture made for her. Last tooth withdrawal was 3 months ago. Shape of upper jaw sharp edge is triangle (pointed alveolar ridge), while lower jaw sharp edge is in resorbtion condition. Making of denture was started with initial molding, physiology molding, bite determination, and teeth arrangement based on Lingualized occlusion to insertion.Results: A case with pseudo jaw relation class III successfully treated using denture with lingualized occlusion.Conclusion: Teeth arrangement using occlusion pattern Lingualized occlusion can give natural appearance to patient and stability of denture.
Cephalometric analysis for accurately determining the vertical dimension: a case report
Authors: Wiro Wahipa , Habar Ike D.
Published: March 2017

Objective : Determination of the vertical dimension of occlusion (DVO) tends to changes throughout the human life. The vertical dimension is determined by the interocclusal point of the upper and lower teeth contact so the application is limited when the natural teeth was missing. As the result, many functional and aesthetic changes are occurred in the whole orofacial region and stomatognathic system. DVO is one of the difficult stages in prosthodontic treatment. Most of the techniques to determine DVO in edentulous patients are based on the soft tissue references, which can cause the different measurements. Cephalometric analysis allows the evaluation of bone growth changes and can be used as a diagnostic tool in prosthodontics to evaluate the results of prosthodontic rehabilitation.Methods : The purpose of this case report was to find out the results of the vertical dimension of occlusion measurements in maxillomandibular relation by using cephalometric photo in patients who have been long lost their teeth and have never been using denture.Results : A 50 year old female patient, partially edentulous on the upper and lower jaw with the remaining teeth were 12 (residual root), 11,21,23,33 and 43. The remaining teeth were endodontically treated prior the complete denture procedure. Cephalometric photo was done in patients after making bite rim, upper and lower bite rim were given metal marker, the image was traced, then measured between metal to get the vertical dimension of occlusion.Conclusion : The measurement results of the vertical dimension of occlusion by using cephalometric photo on making full denture were more accurate, so it could improve and restore the masticatory function, aesthetic function and phonetics.
Kritik Metode Kontekstualisasi Penafsiran al-Qur’ân Abdullah Saeed
Authors: Mustofa Imron
Published: March 2017

This article examines the growing movement of thought today, which later becomes known as modernist Islamic thought, especially the idea Abdullah Saeed. For him, a critical attitude towards the source and content of knowledge is necessary internal criticism of Islamic society. This study tries to present data relating to the role of reason behind the idea. Critical reading towards logical framework and epistemology is needed to contextualize dogma, tradition, and culture in order to be transformed to the present. This research gives birth to the perspective that the modernization of Islamic thought is a systematic movement regarding Islamic issues in the ever-changing context. Its characteristics is colored by emphasis on rationality free from sectarianism or exclusivism without claiming finality of thinking. Making interconnectivity (historical context) is the main barometer of interpretation process. The article reveals that Saeed’s strategies include four main phases; encounter with the world of the text, critical analysis; meaning for the first recipients and ending with text relating to the up to date context. However, excessive exaltation of contextuality will lead to the emergence of an indigenization of the Qur’an, and even Islam in general.
Brotherhood dalam Dimensi Sistem Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Ulum Fahrur
Published: March 2017

This article discusses the issue of brotherhood in Islamic economic system. The goal of Islamic economics is to create advantages (falâh}) for all economic man. To achieve this goal, Muslim economists have agreed to set up the philosophical pillars of Islamic economic system which consists of tawhîd, ‘ibâdah, khilâfah, and ukhuwwah. One of the important challenges to deal with is how to place the idea of brotherhood as a pillar of Islamic economic system that is applicable in economic activities which then lead to equal advantages. Muslim economists argue that Islamic economic system has led economic man to possess altruistic personality. This is not only related to the problem of consumption but also to that of production. In addition, the distribution of wealth specific in Islamic economic system has resulted in brotherhood. The spirit of brotherhood has inspired the effort of distributing wealth economically and non-economically towards shared advantages. Specific wealth distribution in Islamic economics is by placing human as economic being and social being alike. Therefore, brotherhood is implemented in market and non-market economic activities. The implementation of brotherhood is not only in the form of cooperative but more than that is to be oriented to efforts of empowering economic man.
Konsep Being Perspektif Filsafat dan Islam
Authors: Jakfar Suhermanto
Published: March 2017

This article discuss the concept of being in the perspective of existentialism and Islam. The closest similarity to the word “being” is to on (Ancient Greece), as the word of einai, to be (on, onta). For Parmenides, “being” (to on) is one, eternal and unchanging. Gabriel Marcel calls the way the human being with the term être-au-monde, etre in carne, geist-in-welt.  Martin Heidegger uses a formula being in the world to characterize human life. Being in the world as a feature of human life, human beings are in the situation. Living in a world of concrete means that there are human relationships with the situation. Sartre said that the real one where there are two, namely: I’etre en soi and I’etre pour Soi. For Sartre, I’etre en soi is the idea that only a concrete phenomenon has ontological status; only something concrete is real. Unlike the being-in-itself, for Sartre the concept of being-for-itself is a state of being that comes with the awareness and self-control. The concept of being (wujûd) by Suhrawardî is a mental concepts (mahfûm) that do not have the type and diferensia. In the illumination philosophy of Suhrawardî, the idea of ​​wujûd can not be separated from nature and depiction of light. The philosophy of wujûd by Mulla Sadrâ stands on three basic principles of fundamental importance. These three principles are as follows: wahdat al-wujûd, tashkîk al-wujûd, and tashkîk. While Mohammad Iqbal emphasis on metaphysics and anthropological philosophy. Iqbal gives greater emphasis on more concrete dimensions, namely khudi (ego).
A taxa de câmbio e os ajustes no saldo da balança comercial brasileira: uma análise setorial da Curva J
Authors: Ramos Filho Hélio Sousa , Ferreira Maysa Evellyn Porfírio
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Este artigo buscou avaliar a existência do fenômeno da Curva J para 19 setores da indústria de transformação brasileira segmentados pelo nível tecnológico de indústrias da alta, média-alta, média-baixa e baixa tecnologia. Os dados foram coletados no Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior (MDIC). Foram utilizadas as seguintes variáveis: taxa do câmbio real efetiva, PIB do Brasil, PIB Mundial referente ao período de 1996 a 2012. A metodologia empregada foi o modelo Autorregressivo de Defasagens Distribuídas (ARDL) com cointegração proposto em Pesaran et al. (2001). Os resultados obtidos sugerem que apenas quatro setores- Aeronáutica e Aeroespacial (alta intensidade tecnológica); Madeira e seus Produtos, Papel e Celulose; e Produtos Manufaturados N. E. e Bens Reciclados (baixa intensidade tecnológica) - parecem exibir o efeito Curva J incompleto. O setor da Construção e Reparação Naval (média-baixa intensidade tecnológica) apresenta evidência incompleta e invertida do fenômeno Curva J. Portanto, a ocorrência da Curva J incompleta parece não estar associada ao grau de intensidade tecnológica dos setores.
Distinctive profile of the 17-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities revealed by urinary steroid metabolomes of patients with CYP17 deficiency
Authors: Neres Marcos S. , Auchus Richard J. , Shackleton Cedric H. L. , Kater Claudio E.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES: (1) Characterize serum (S) and urinary (U) steroid metabolites in complete CYP17 deficiency (cCYP17D); (2) analyze the relative 17α-hydroxylase (17OH) and 17,20-lyase (17,20L) activities in vivo; and (3) comparedata from the two most prevalent mutations in Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 20 genotyped cCYP17D patients from a previously reported cohort were homozygous for W406R or R362C; 11 controls were CYP17 wild types (WT). WT and cCYP17D patients had S and U samples drawn to measure: cortisol (F), corticosterone (B), deoxycorticosterone (DOC), 18OH-B, 18OH-DOC, and 17OHP; and tetrahydro (TH)-B, THA, THDOC, THF+5α-THF, TH-cortisone, androsterone, etiocholanolone, 5-pregnenediol, 17OH-pregnenolone and pregnanetriol. RESULTS: Compared to WT, cCYP17D patients had marked elevations of B, DOC, 18OH-B and 18OH-DOC, whereas 17OHP, F and adrenal androgens (AA) were reduced; U steroids parallel S findings. Metabolite ratios revealed that both 17OH and 17,20L activities were impaired in cCYP17D. There were nodifferences between W406R andR362C mutations. CONCLUSIONS: cCYP17D patients show parallel overproduction/overexcretion of 17-deoxysteroids, and marked reduction of F and AA. In addition to 17OH, 17,20-L activity was also impaired in cCYP17D. W406 and R362C mutations disclose similar Sand U patterns.
Atualização terapêutica no tratamento dos craniofaringiomas
Authors: Bordallo Maria Alice Neves , Ferreira Rodrigo Martins , Bulzico Daniel Alves
Published: March 2017

O craniofaringioma é uma neoplasia de natureza benigna, pouco frequente, responsável por 1% a 3% de todos os tumores intracranianos, sendo a mais frequente neoplasia intracraniana não neuroepitelial na criança. Geralmente o tumor é restrito à região selar e ao III ventrículo, mas, em decorrência da infiltração e frequente aderência ao sistema nervoso central, apresenta comportamento clínico muitas vezes desfavorável, sendo classificado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) como grau I, caracterizado como tumor de baixo ou incerto potencial de malignização. As sequelas endocrinológicas ganham destaque devido ao importante impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, na maioria das vezes crianças. O hipopituitarismo e a obesidade hipotalâmica são complicações frequentes, sendo o tratamento desse tumor um grande desafio para endocrinologistas e neurocirurgiões. A combinação da cirurgia, radioterapia e aplicação de drogas e radioisótopos intratumorais tem como objetivo maximizar as chances de cura e tentar minimizar as sequelas pós-operatórias, mas, mesmo assim, a recidiva ainda é frequente. A escolha da modalidade de tratamento mais adequado para os craniofaringiomas é uma decisão difícil e que deve sempre ser individualizada para cada paciente. Com o objetivo de explorar as múltiplas opções terapêuticas para o craniofaringioma, foi realizada revisão na literatura com ênfase nas possibilidades terapêuticas e complicações inerentes ao tratamento dessa patologia.
Two cases of thyroid sarcoidosis presentation as painful, recurrent goiter in patients with Graves' disease
Authors: Kmieć Piotr , Lewandowska Marta , Dubaniewicz Anna , Mizan-Gross Krystyna , Antolak Artur , Wołyniak Barbara , Sworczak Krzysztof
Published: March 2017

Sarcoidosis rarely involves the thyroid gland. Pain in the thyroid gland area was only sporadically reported in patients suffering from this disease. The aim of this paper is to report and discuss the cases of two female patients with Graves' disease who presented painful, rapidly growing, recurrent goiters (after strumectomy in their early adult lives). Invasive treatment was applied and sarcoidosis was revealed histologically. The first patient suffered from dysphagia and dyspnoea due to large goiter; skin lesions were present as well. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed in histological examination of the thyroid tissue specimens. Steroid treatment was ineffective; thus, the thyroid was removed. Two years later thyroid sarcoidosis recurred as a painful goiter and surgical treatment was applied once again. In the second case, thyroid ultrasound findings suggesting malignancy, and prompted the decision to perform thyroidectomy despite the fact that FNAB (fine needle aspiration biopsy) revealed cells indicative of a "granulomatous disease in the post-resection scar" and results of the thorax high-resolution computed tomography scan suggested pulmonary sarcoidosis. Pathological examination confirmed sarcoidosis. However, a papillary cancer focus was also found.
Clinical features and prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants attending a pediatric gastroenterology reference service
Authors: Koda Yu Kar Ling , Ozaki Marcos J , Murasca Kelly , Vidolin Eliana
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT: In infants, it is not always easy to distinguish between pathological and physiological gastroesophageal reflux based only on clinical criteria. In Brazil, studies about gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants are few and are even rare those that used prolonged esophageal pH monitoring for its evaluation. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease and to determine its prevalence in infants with gastroesophageal reflux attending a tertiary Pediatric Gastroenterology Service and submitted to esophageal pH monitoring for investigation. METHODS: Descriptive study in 307 infants in whom esophageal pH monitoring (Mark III Digitrapper, Synectics Medical AB, Sweden) was performed during the period December, 1998-December, 2008. The clinical features studied were age group (1-12 months and 13-24 months), and clinical manifestations that motivated the indication of pH monitoring. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-four (40.4%) were female and 183 (59.6%) male with mean age 12.2 ± 6.2 months (1-23 months). The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease was 18.2% (56/307). One hundred forty-eight (48.2%) were 1-12 months old and 159 (51.8%), 13-24 months. No significant difference was found between the prevalence of these two age groups (P = 0.3006). Gastroesophageal reflux disease was more frequent in those with digestive manifestations (24.2%), crisis of cyanosis/apnea (23.8%) and mixed manifestations (21.5%). Respiratory manifestations were the most frequent indication (39.1%) of pH monitoring. However, the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease was lower (12.5%) in this group compared with in those with digestive manifestations (P = 0.0574), crisis of cyanosis/apnea (P = 0.0882) and mixed manifestations (P = 0.1377). All infants that presented clinical manifestations as crisis of cyanosis/apnea and abnormal pH-metry were < 3 months of age. CONCLUSIONS: In our Service, the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease associated with acid reflux in infants revealed elevated. Infants with crisis of cyanosis/apnea constitute risk population for gastroesophageal reflux disease in which diagnostic investigation needs to be considered.