bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No House is Just a House: House Interviews, Space-Use Intensity, and City-Making
Authors: Carrizosa Maria
Published: September 2023

This article argues that to understand housing as domestic only is a misconception. People intensify the use of their homes in ways that create substantial economic opportunities, urban services, and a range of social protections for themselves and their communities. The research presented
here introduces the concept of 'space-use intensity', in fluenced by time-use surveys, Jane Jacobs's ideas on mixed-use, and the continuum approach to the informal economy, as conceptualized by Elinor Ostrom. Further, it describes the 'house interview' methodology devised to document spaceuse
intensity and presents findings from houses in informal se lements in Bogotá, Kampala, Dar es Salaam, and Dakar. The data reveal that houses are less than a third residential (29 per cent), almost half of the uses are economic (47 per cent), and they provide a fair share of urban or
community services (24 per cent). This visual methodology demonstrates that local governments are overlooking 83.8 per cent of the activities taking place within homes. In sum, the evidence discussed here shows that homes contribute signi ficantly to the urban economy and public services,
making space-use intensity analysis instrumental in the design of eff ective housing, urban, and social protection policies.
An investigation of the demand pulled factors of foreign tourist inflows to India
Authors: Ahmad Fida Bashir , Singh Dharmendra , Ahmed Umar
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the demand-driven factors that attract foreign tourists to India. This study used an advanced gravity model to examine the factors that drew demand from 15 major foreign tourist destination countries from 1995 to 2018. Descriptive statistics, correlation, OLS, and panel GMM are the statistical tools used in data analysis. The results indicate that the per capita income of India and the countries of origin, the size of the Indian population, and a favorable visa policy all contribute to attracting foreign tourists to India. Meanwhile, the high cost of living in India compared to foreign tourist countries, terrorist incidents, and long distances between India and these countries are some of the factors that discourage foreign tourists from visiting India. The results of the study are robust and compelling and have significant implications for policymakers and the industry. Based on the findings, the study suggests that the Indian government should reduce the cost of living, especially for foreign tourists, by exempting them from paying goods and services tax and other taxes at the departure airport by showing the bill. In addition, security is an issue where the government should ensure the safety of foreign tourists.
Alfabetização e mediação lúdica
Authors: Lumertz Fábia Daniela Schneider , Oliveira-Menegotto Lisiane Machado de
Published: September 2023

O artigo apresenta parte de uma pesquisa acerca do processo de alfabetização de crianças de terceiro ano do ensino fundamental. Embasada na Teoria Histórico-Cultural, objetiva descrever e discutir a repercussão de uma intervenção psicopedagógica por mediação lúdica no processo de alfabetização, bem como refletir sobre o brincar e interesses nesta fase do desenvolvimento infantil. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo do qual participaram dois alunos de terceiro ano de uma escola pública da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS. A pesquisa ocorreu no segundo semestre de 2020, período da pandemia de Covid-19. Os dados foram construídos em 10 sessões psicopedagógicas com cada aluno, utilizando predominantemente metodologia lúdica e dialogada. Na análise dos dados constatou-se que os alunos estavam transitando entre a fase cuja atividade principal é o brincar e a fase cuja atividade principal são os estudos. Além disso, entendiam o sistema fonema-grafema e o uso social da escrita.
Processos de escritura e transitoriedade nas construções conceituais e simbólicas na produção de linguagem
Authors: Machado Maria Letícia Cautela de Almeida , Lopes Paula da Silva Vidal Cid
Published: September 2023

A escrita é consequência de processos mentais complexos transitórios, situados socialmente. Sua análise é dependente de contextos culturalmente integrados, nos quais se considera, em primeira instância, o sujeito e seus modos particulares de elaboração de conceitos. Com o objetivo de demarcar a transitoriedade nas construções conceituais na alfabetização, o artigo adota uma metodologia de pesquisa teórico-prática e se apresenta a partir de duas seções. A primeira destaca a alfabetização como prática de linguagem, relacionando os aspectos sociais aos processos de representação mental. A segunda ilustra a variabilidade dos processos de alfabetização ao apresentar um percurso de produções elaboradas por uma criança. As considerações finais destacam que, a despeito das muitas formas em que a colonialidade e suas consequentes formas de generalização e controle da aprendizagem humana se fazem presentes na alfabetização, é possível a construção de modos contextualizados coerentes com o diálogo intercultural inerente à noção de alfabetização como processo.
Educação na modernidade líquida
Authors: Pasinato Nara Maria Bernardes , Lopes Gabriel César Dias , Motta Everson Luiz de Oliveira
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho buscou, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho exploratório, fazer uma reflexão acerca da produção de narrativas digitais como uso de uma diferente forma de linguagem na formação inicial de professores e na construção de seu currículo. Vivemos a modernidade líquida, na qual tudo é fugaz; nesse contexto, é importante que os futuros professores saibam utilizar-se de meios que atraiam esses jovens do século 21. Na busca do inédito viável, as narrativas digitais surgem como uma forma diferente de comunicação. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma prática com alunos de um Curso de Pedagogia de uma Instituição Pública brasileira, na qual foram criadas Narrativas Digitais sobre ambientes informais e não formais de aprendizagem. A construção das narrativas levou os alunos a perceberem a utilidade de seu uso em sala de aula e compreender que existem diferentes formas e linguagens de trabalhar com o conhecimento e auxiliar na aprendizagem de seu aluno.
Method for the formation of algorithm elements for designing a vessel for the subsea technical operations support using a database of similar vessels
Authors: Abdullayev O. M.
Published: September 2023

The elements of the algorithm for designing vessels for underwater technical work such as formation of the power station of the designed vessel are considered in the paper. These are formation of the power station of the designed vessel, selection and installation of crane and diving equipment, hardware intended for use on a vessel of manned submersibles and determining the dimensions of mobile operation equipment intended for future installation on a vessel being designed to perform appropriate technological operations on the sea shelf, based on the data of a group of the same type vessels. The algorithm is intended for definition of the main dimensions of the designed vessel, namely, a number of the installed diesel generators and ratios of total power of the power station with a width, loading capacity of the crane and power of a propulsive complex of the designed vessel. Systematization of the used crane equipment as for performance of cargo and underwater and technical works, and for hardware service is performed. Systematization of a diving complex, hardware and the manned submersibles assumed to use on the vessel is also performed. The relation between the dimensions of the main deck and ship structures necessary for the installation of mobile technological equipment and complexes using databases of the same type of vessels is systematized. Using the existing design experience and a database of ships of similar purpose, a formula that allows, as a first approximation, to estimate the sizes of the power plant, load-lifting devices and diving equipment planned for installation on the designed vessel that provides service to submersibles of any type has been compiled.
Determination of insecticide resistence associated insensitive acetylcholinesterase in Culex quinquefasciatus, Say,1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: Chi Chim Wilbert Antonio , Chi Chim Wilbert Antonio , García Rejón Julián , Baak Baak Carlos Marcial , Talavera Aguilar Lourdes , Cetina Trejo Rosa , Cigarroa Toledo Nohemi , Reyes López Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2023

Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme whose main function is to terminate the transmission of nerve impulses in the cholinergic synapse in insects through the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. However, frequent applications of insecticides can select for individuals with an alteration in the enzyme and functional changes that result in an insensitivity to insecticides. In Mexico, the current strategy to combat insect vectors such as Culex quinquefasciatus is based mainly on the use of synthetic insecticides. The use of these chemicals in health and agricultural practices may also contribute to mosquito insensitivity to several groups of insecticides. Therefore, it is considered necessary to determine if there is any physiological mechanism associated with resistance. For this reason, the objective of this research was to identify if there is insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to insecticides in Cx. quinquefasciatus populations, collected in urban and rural areas of the State of Yucatán, Mexico. Enzymatic tests were carried out with slight modifications to the established protocols. Areas were identified with mosquito populations showing acetylcholinesterase insensitivity to propoxur, a carbamate insecticide. We consider it important to determine the environmental factors that affect the behavior and response of mosquitoes following exposure to insecticides, and this knowledge could inform the design of efficient strategies in vector control programs.
Papel del sistema nervioso autónomo en el riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con litiasis renal
Authors: Ivania Zambrano Lysien , Lyra de Oliveira Tales , Lima Melo Thalita , Campos Ruy R , Moreira Silva Bruno , T Bergamaschi Cassia
Published: September 2023

La litiasis renal (LR) es una enfermedad de alta prevalencia mundial. Los estudios indican que existe una correlación entre la presencia de LR y el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Investigar el posible papel del sistema nervioso autónomo (SNA) en el riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) de pacientes con LR. Se incluyeron 19 pacientes diagnosticados de LR y 21 individuos sin LR en el grupo control (CTL). Se evaluaron las presiones arteriales sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) y media (PAM), frecuencia cardíaca (FC) en reposo y en respuesta a desafíos cardiovasculares, como ortostatismo y prueba de Stroop. Se realizaron análisis bioquímicos en sangre y orina 24 horas, de todos los participantes del estudio, reclutamiento en la consulta externa de nefrología/ litiasis renal en el periodo de 2017-2019. El grupo LR presentó mayores niveles de colesterol LDL (102,9±24,0 vs 92,4±33,0 mg/dL, p=0,02), glicemia (87,5±8,5 vs 80,3±7,3 mg/dL, p=0,003) y volumen urinario (1966±789 vs 1600±574 mL, p=0,006). El grupo con LR presentó valores más altos de PAS y PAD durante el ortostatismo en comparación con el grupo CTL (PAS: 126±15 vs 122±9 mmHg, p<0,05 y PAD: 81±8 vs 79±7 mmHg, p<0,05, LR vs CTL, respectivamente). En la prueba de Stroop, en el análisis de los deltas absolutos de PAS (9±10 vs 2±8 mmHg, p<0,05) y FR (13±7 vs 8±7 lpm, p<0,05), el grupo LR presentó valores más altos. Se encontró evidencia de posibles alteraciones autonómicas en respuesta al ortostatismo y a la prueba de Stroop, que podrían estar relacionadas con el papel del SNA en el CVR de pacientes con LR.

Palabras clave: litiasis renal, barorreflejo, estrés fisiológico, presión arterial, riesgo cardiovascular, sistema nervioso autónomo.
Integrated Immunization Information System in Indonesia: Prototype Design Using Quantitative and Qualitative Data (Preprint)
Authors: Rahmadhan Muhamad Adhytia Wana Putra , Handayani Putu Wuri
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

As the volume of immunization records increases, problems with fragmented records arise, especially since the majority of records in developing countries, including Indonesia, remain paper based. Implementing an immunization information system (IIS) offers a solution to this problem.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we designed an integrated IIS prototype in Indonesia using the design science research (DSR) methodology.

METHODS

The stages of the DSR methodology followed in this study included identifying problems and motivating and defining objectives for a solution, design and development, demonstration, evaluation, communication, and drawing conclusions and suggestions. Specifically, this study began with problem formulation and a literature review. We then applied quantitative (questionnaire with 305 members of the public) and qualitative (interviews with 15 health workers including nurses, midwives, and doctors) data collection approaches.

RESULTS

The resulting high-fidelity prototype follows the 8 golden rules. There are 2 IIS designs, one for the public as immunization recipients and another for health workers. The functionalities include immunization history, schedule, recommendations, verification, certificates, reminders and recalls, coverage, monitoring, news, and reports of adverse events. Evaluation of the prototype was carried out through interviews and a questionnaire designed according to the System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). The SUS value was 72.5 or “Good (Acceptable),” while the system usefulness, information quality, interface quality, and overall value on the PSSUQ were 2.65, 2.94, 2.48, and 2.71, respectively, which indicate it has an effective design.

CONCLUSIONS

This provides a guide for health facilities, health regulators, and health application developers on how to implement an integrated IIS in Indonesia.
Factores asociados al uso del equipo de protección personal en el contexto intrahospitalario durante la COVID-19
Authors: Fernandez Bruna Espinoza
Published: September 2023

Introducción: En el contexto actual de pandemia por COVID-19, los establecimientos de salud implementaron protocolos de atención para prevenir el contagio entre los usuarios y el personal sanitario. Una de las principales medidas de protección fue el uso del equipo de protección personal (EPP). La evidencia indica la existencia de factores personales e institucionales que intervienen en su utilización.
Objetivo: Determinar factores personales, laborales y del contexto sanitario del personal que intervienen en el uso del EPP.
Metodología: Diseño cuantitativo, correlacional. Los criterios de inclusión consideraron a miembros del equipo de enfermería que trabajaron en atención directa con usuarios hospitalizados por COVID-19; muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas. Se realizó análisis descriptivo, de correlación y regresión lineal de los datos.
Resultados: De los 154 funcionarios que participaron, el 78 % corresponde a profesionales de enfermería. Los factores conocimiento (r= 0.22; p= <0.001) y disponibilidad de los EPP (r= 0.25; p= <0.001) aumentan el uso de los EPP en procedimientos generadores de aerosoles.
Discusión: Los factores que garantizan el uso del EPP fueron conocimiento y disponibilidad del EPP; sin embargo, los efectos negativos por el uso prolongado de estos equipos en la salud física y mental del personal reducen el interés en utilizarlos.
Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten orientar la toma de decisiones en la implementación de actividades de capacitación, supervisión permanente y apoyo psicológico para el personal expuesto al riego de contagio por COVID-19 junto a estrategias eficientes en la gestión de los recursos materiales.
Financial aspect and healthcare outcomes: Lessons learned from COVID-19
Authors: AlOmari Firas , Bakar Abdul Hamid Abu
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this review paper is to clarify the relationship between care cost, service quality, patient satisfaction, patient loyalty, and medication adherence. In addition, we tried to explore the impact of financial crisis on healthcare services.
Com Agostinho, e além dele: homenagem aos 30 anos de docência do prof. Marcos Roberto Nunes Costa
Authors: de Assunção Ferreira Anderson , Gonçalves da Silva Edson , de Arruda Júnior Gerson Francisco , Evangelista Brandão Ricardo
Published: September 2023

O presente livro, que apresentamos ao público leitor com um certo atraso, é uma merecida homenagem a um daqueles muitos professores que influenciaram vários de seus alunos. Na verdade, o livro tem a pretensão de ser muito mais do que uma simples homenagem. De fato, ele objetiva ser, por um lado, uma clara e sincera manifestação de gratidão, e, por outro lado, um público e notório reconhecimento de uma trajetória intelectual e profissional indiscutivelmente séria, profícua e influenciadora. Trata-se, assim, de uma homenagem de ex-alunos e ex-orientandos ao Professor Marcos Roberto Nunes Costa, professor associado 3 da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), pelos seus 30 anos de docência. O resultado da produção escrita dos que aceitaram fazer parte do projeto foi um conjunto de textos que se caracteriza por sua abrangência teórica e pelo compromisso acadêmico claramente evidentes na lista de seus autores e de suas respectivas contribuições.
Fenomenologia, educação e saúde: reflexões e pesquisas
Authors: Lima do Nascimento Crisóstomo , Furtado Holanda Adriano
Published: September 2023

Diversidade e abertura. Estas talvez possam ser duas ideias que venham a representar muito bem a proposta que pretendemos trazer aqui com este livro: um conjunto de textos que perpassam áreas distintas do saber – medicina, psicologia, educação, filosofia – e que reenviam a processos de formação e de reflexão, em torno de dois grupos de Pesquisas, já apresentados em obra anterior: o Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia, Fenomenologia e Filosofias da Existência (NEPPFFE/UFF) e o Laboratório de Fenomenologia e Subjetividade (LabFeno-UFPR).
Coluna fragmentos: histórias de Ponta Grossa nas página do Jornal da Manhã
Authors: Batista Chaves Niltonci , Cieslak Kapp Amanda
Published: September 2023

Os vínculos entre a coluna “Fragmentos”, sob a tutela de Niltonci Batista Chaves, e as esferas do Portal aRede e do Jornal da Manhã são profundos, remontando a dois períodos de colaboração ímpar. Nas páginas do Jornal da Manhã, um dos mais antigos periódicos em circulação ininterrupta do Paraná, a coluna encontrou solo fértil para florescer. Os recortes históricos do jornal se fundiram harmoniosamente com a narrativa, como um pano de fundo que deu vida à história de Ponta Grossa. Mas, esta não é uma mera coleção de fatos e datas: é um portal que nos lança de volta no tempo, desvelando os momentos cruciais e as nuances da metamorfose da cidade. Marcando uma nova era do Jornal da Manhã, cada coluna era uma pílula informativa, infundida com as sagas de um passado marcante. O professor Niltonci Batista Chaves lançou um olhar dedicado e meticuloso sobre a história de Ponta Grossa, costurando recortes do passado com imagens e textos evocativos. E agora, em um segundo ato que estamos testemunhando, a coluna retorna ao Portal aRede e ao Jornal da Manhã. Revisitando os alicerces originais e construindo um complemento inédito, “Fragmentos” se torna uma fonte viva de pesquisa para as escolas municipais no âmbito do projeto “Vamos Ler – Geração Digital”, promovido pelo Grupo aRede. Este retorno ressoa harmoniosamente com as comemorações dos 200 anos de Ponta Grossa, um momento marcante que também deu origem a este livro cativante. Nas páginas desta obra, a história de Ponta Grossa se desdobra com uma intensidade palpável, uma tapeçaria onde cada fragmento sussurra o passado e nos guia em uma jornada inesquecível pela formação da cidade.
Problem Behaviors as Perceived by Parents Before Their First Consultation at A Developmental Outpatient Clinic: A Questionnaire Research Study
Authors: Kuranami Takaaki , Saito Makoto , Gemba Kiminori , Oda Tetsuaki
Published: September 2023

Previous studies have suggested the importance of early detection of child developmental disorders and support forchildren and their parents. Child developmental and parental support are provided at both public and private facilities. Still,obtaining a physician's diagnosis at a medical institution is essential to determine whether a person has a developmental disorder.However, diagnosing a developmental disorder at the first visit to a medical institution with a child development outpatient clinicis time-consuming. Furthermore, developmental disorders are often associated with multiple comorbidities. Parents must identifychildren's problem behaviors before taking them to an outpatient clinic and understand how they consider such behaviors forappropriate diagnosis. Therefore, in this study, a private developmental support service company surveyed parents who had visiteda child development outpatient clinic at a medical institution. Chi-square test analysis revealed that the number of parents of boyshaving ≥2 problem behaviors was significantly higher than that of parents of girls (P< 0.01). In addition, parents who waited fortheir first medical visit for >0.5 years used multiple resources rather than a single resource to gain knowledge on their child'sproblem behaviors (P< 0.01). Therefore, parents of boys who visited the developmental outpatient clinic for the first time werealready aware of their children’s multiple problem behaviors before the examination; when the waiting period was prolonged, theparents used multiple resources to collect information before visiting a medical institution.
Análisis comparativo de la nueva legislación integral de la trata de personas en España
Authors: Salazar-Andrade Alejandra
Published: September 2023

En noviembre de 2022 el gobierno español aprobó una nueva legislación de trata para combatir el tráfico de personas. La intención detrás de esta nueva ley es confrontar el problema de forma más integral, en múltiples niveles, a través de varios órganos gubernamentales. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar esta nueva medida de acuerdo con los estándares de leyes similares, comparar con la legislación pasada para evaluar si constituye una mejoría y hacer un análisis del impacto en las víctimas. Para esto, se recolectó literatura relevante en publicaciones científicas, artículos de noticias y reportajes de organizaciones no gubernamentales sobre la legislación anterior, la nueva legislación y legislación estándar de trata de personas de expertos. El resultado principal de este análisis es que esta ley se diferencia de medidas pasadas en que las anteriores se enfocaban exclusivamente en la explotación sexual, mientras que esta reconoce otros tipos de víctimas y victimización e implementa medidas que facilitan la conexión entre la víctima y los métodos de asistencia. Como conclusión se entiende que, aunque esta legislación sea más integral, depende de la calidad de la implementación en término de la capacidad de los múltiples órganos gubernamentales de actuar verdaderamente de forma coordinada y eficiente para asistir a las víctimas, las divisiones de acciones de intervención entre órganos pueden ser los puntos de peligro de revictimización, lo cual se verá con el tiempo y la experiencia y la capacidad a hacer ajustes de acuerdo a la implementación.
El reclutamiento de niñas y adolescentes por el crimen organizado en México
Authors: González-Jiménez Omar
Published: September 2023

El presente texto tiene por objetivo profundizar y analizar el entramado de factores que propician el reclutamiento de niñas y adolescentes en actividades relacionadas con el crimen organizado en México como un fin de la trata de personas, para lo cual se recuperan elementos teóricos que permiten visibilizar el fenómeno más allá de un delito. La metodología narrativa de enfoque cualitativo se utilizó dadas las dificultades de inmersión en el contexto de ilegalidad y violencia del crimen organizado. Asimismo, se define el uso de técnicas orales, interactivas y escritas que permitieron la obtención de información por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionistas del campo jurídico, institucional y de Trabajo Social; además, de la revisión de documentos escritos y complementando con el análisis de técnicas interactivas. Los principales resultados identifican la configuración de un dispositivo de reclutamiento que echa mano de la cosificación, el individualismo y el maltrato de niñas, niños y adolescentes para involucrarlos en sus actividades delictivas. Existe una relación con la explotación sexual comercial, aunque dentro de la estructura su incorporación cada vez ha ido en aumento para actividades como la venta de drogas, por lo que se encuentra la intersección de uno o más fines.
La trata en las mujeres temporeras y asentamientos en Huelva, España: nuevas vulnerabilidades, nuevos desafíos
Authors: Molina-Fernández Marta , Fernández-Quiroga Ana
Published: September 2023

La trata persiste como un fenómeno dinámico cuya realidad esta invisibilizada en muchas ocasiones, especialmente cuando nos referimos a mujeres que desde una perspectiva interseccional están sometidas a múltiples discriminaciones. Los asentamientos de Huelva esbozan una realidad multifactorial de vulnerabilidad para las mujeres migrantes, donde la explotación sexual, en su invisibilidad, requiere ser analizada. Nos proponemos identificar los riesgos de captación de víctimas de explotación sexual, así como detectar los posibles indicadores de trata vinculados, en el contexto de exclusión sociocultural de las mujeres temporeras marroquíes de la provincia de Huelva. Se ha implementado una metodología etnográfica, fundamentada en un trabajo de campo a través de técnicas cualitativas; búsqueda bibliográfica, observación participante, y entrevista semidirectiva. Intervienen agentes sociales claves y mujeres que se encuentran en la situación objeto de estudio. Entre los resultados, observamos una situación multifactorial de discriminación y desigualdad en las mujeres migrantes de los asentamientos de Huelva, quedando fuera del sistema de protección e incrementándose el contexto de vulnerabilidad con grave riesgo de sufrir violencias. Las conclusiones manifiestan la necesidad de nuevas estrategias sociales y políticas frente a este problema social invisibilizado que debería ser prioritario en la agenda pública actual.
Procesos de trabajo de las políticas públicas sobre trata de personas en Argentina
Authors: Grima José Manuel
Published: September 2023

El presente escrito es fruto de la investigación adscrita al Programa de Reconocimiento Institucional «Coproduciendo en los márgenes: historias co-narradas», del Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani, FCS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA). El objetivo general fue analizar críticamente los procesos de trabajo del Programa Nacional de Rescate (PNR) en las intervenciones orientadas a víctimas de trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual, desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos y de género. Se trabajó con una metodología de coproducción investigativa en encuentros dialógicos de estudiantes, docentes e investigadores de la UBA, trabajadores del PNR y de la Procuraduría sobre Trata de Personas y Secuestros Extorsivos. Como resultado, se destacan las intervenciones de las profesionales del PNR, quienes se enfrentan a un doble tipo de obstáculos: uno macrosocial y otro microsocial, y se concluye que los procesos de trabajo del PNR se orientan a la modulación de una «buena víctima» que, lejos de ganar autonomía y voz propia, responda con la mayor disciplina posible al proceso penal y sea efectiva en el ejercicio de dicho rol.
Las personas migrantes en tránsito por Costa Rica y sus necesidades
Authors: Morales-Quirós Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

Este estudio se basa en el análisis de las necesidades y los riesgos de las personas migrantes en tránsito que ingresaron por Paso Canoas, frontera sur de Costa Rica, en el tercer cuatrimestre de 2022 y la respuesta que brindó el Estado costarricense. El objetivo principal es analizar las necesidades de las personas migrantes y proponer mejoras en su atención; reflexionar sobre múltiples situaciones de riesgo que experimentan durante su ruta y la necesidad de recibir un trato digno, en apego a los derechos humanos. Mediante la metodología de investigación mixta, se consultaron fuentes científicas y se entrevistó a personas migrantes y personas de contacto directo con ellas. Los principales hallazgos identifican las necesidades que requieren respuesta y articulación institucional para su abordaje y protección.  Asimismo, se evidencian actividades ilícitas a manos de la delincuencia organizada que vulneran la seguridad nacional, deficiencias en controles y registros, riesgos para la salud pública y se considera que la respuesta por parte del Estado debe mejorarse. Las principales conclusiones evidencian que las autoridades deben brindar atención integral a personas migrantes en tránsito, aumentar la coordinación institucional y fortalecer la seguridad en la frontera sur. Es urgente trabajar en la detección de situaciones de riesgo y condiciones de vulnerabilidad de las personas migrantes que transitan por Costa Rica y poner especial atención a personas menores de edad.
Migraciones y seguridad nacional en Costa Rica: impacto del contexto geopolítico en las políticas transfronterizas
Authors: Arrieta-Salazar Ruth
Published: September 2023

Este artículo se basa en una investigación académica del ámbito de Trabajo Social que partió del caso de Costa Rica y tiene como objetivo determinar las dinámicas políticas, sociales y económicas inmersas en la situación actual de las políticas restrictivas de traslado humano entre fronteras. Además, propone una discusión desde el ámbito de Trabajo Social, al reconocer la incidencia de las trasformaciones geopolíticas y la doctrina de seguridad en la obstaculización de la garantía de los derechos humanos de las poblaciones que se movilizan, con la criminalización de su tránsito entre las fronteras. Para ello, se realizó una contextualización de aquellos eventos coyunturales, que justifican las transformaciones en el accionar de la policía de fronteras frente al paso de población migrante. Posteriormente se generó un análisis de la seguridad nacional y su incidencia directa en la garantía del acceso de las poblaciones migrantes a los derechos humanos. De esta manera, se identifica un impacto de las trasformaciones históricas de la política, reflejado en el endurecimiento de las políticas migratorias, lo que permite concluir que esto provoca procesos de obstaculización, configurándose así, en políticas migratorias a favor de las necesidades del mercado del sistema capitalista. Ello, repercute directamente en la garantía de los derechos de las personas migrantes, que, poniendo en riesgo su propia vida, deben movilizarse de sus países de origen.
Strategic foresight for companies
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Xu Tracy
Published: September 2023

This paper addresses the critical importance of strategic foresight and offers guidance on how to evaluate its implementation. Strategic foresight is defined by three types of thinking (future, system, and exponential), and the key elements of horizon scanning and scenario planning. As chief executive officers (CEOs) express concerns about their companies’ future viability and adaptability to industry changes, strategic foresight emerges as a vital capability. Its structured yet open approach enables the identification and exploration of emerging challenges and opportunities, informing decision-making in uncertain contexts. Effective implementation of strategic foresight entails adopting forward-thinking. horizon scanning, and scenario planning. Scenario planning explores potential futures, while horizon scanning assesses megatrends, weak signals, wild cards, and uncertainties. This paper extends the literature and provides fresh perspectives on how companies can use strategic foresight to identify and address the challenges and opportunities posed by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In particular, the paper emphasizes the ethical dimensions of foresight in the AI context. Drawing insight from the Global Summit on Generative AI (held in San Francisco in April 2023) this paper presents a set of ethical recommendations for effectively navigating AI complexities, including strategies such as red teaming, watermarking, and sandboxing (Li et al., 2023). By cultivating foresight, companies can address emerging trends, navigate uncertainties, mitigate risks, engage their workforce, seek new opportunities, and foster sustainable growth. Hence, it is crucial for the board of directors (BoD) and management to recognize the strategic importance of foresight within the organization and across business sectors.
Attaining Universal Health Coverage with Government-Funded Health Insurance Scheme: A wicked solution to a wicked problem
Authors: Pandey Nikita , Jana Arnab
Published: September 2023

India launched the world’s largest health assurance scheme in 2018,
declaring it a giant step towards Universal Health Coverage. The concept
of Universal Health Coverage, as defined by the High-Level Expert Group
in India, entails both protection from financial hardship and addressing
social inequities in access to health. India has a remarkable number of
health government-funded health insurance schemes. However, these
schemes have time and again proven to be a failure in achieving
Universal Health Coverage. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of
the government-funded health insurance schemes in India over the period
and its attempt towards achieving UHC. Given the vast diversity in the
demographics of India and various healthcare needs, we attempt to view
Universal Health Coverage as a wicked problem. A wicked problem occurs
due to the existence of an underlying problem and discrepancies in its
representation. The path of Universal Health Coverage in India entails
ten central pillars under which policymakers must address the web of
problems. We argue that the characteristics defining a wicked problem
make Universal Health Coverage arduous for policymakers. And that the
path to achieving Universal Health Coverage cannot be a straight one
with a government-funded health insurance scheme. This perspective
article intends to draw the attention of the policymakers and relevant
stakeholders to view achieving Universal Health Coverage beyond the
scope of offering means-tested financial protection and impart an
interdisciplinary approach to attain Universal Health Coverage.
Monolateral ulcerative tonsillitis in a young male
Authors: Jiang Serena , Gallo O.
Published: September 2023

A 24-year-old man presented with fever, throat pain, and diffuse
myalgia. Examination revealed an ulcerated right tonsil, twice the size
of the contralateral one, which showed no signs of inflammation. No
trismus or abscess were observed, and airway obstruction was ruled out
with fiberendoscopy. Blood tests showed an elevated white blood
Using BPM as a foundation for automating citizen procedures digitization ⋆
Authors: Vega-Márquez Olga Lucero , Duarte Helga , Gómez Carlos Arturo
Published: September 2023

Context: In Colombia, the digital procedures carried out
by a citizen must comply with a series of regulations and requirements.
Problem: As a result, the implementation of these
procedures can be very cumbersome and time-consuming.
Proposal: Instead of using traditional development
approaches, our proposal consists of (1) modeling the processes using
BPMN - Business Process Modeling and Notation, (2) automatically
generating the user interfaces so that they comply with the presentation
and usability requirements established by Colombian regulations, and (3)
managing the execution of the processes using a BPMS - Business Process
Management System engine. Methodology: We followed the
Design Science Research to develop a solution following the feedback of
users and developers. Implementation: We performed an
implementation using Camunda BPMS, Angular and .NET. Lessons
Learned: The Camunda engine and its API met the requirements
for modeling, implementing and controlling the digital procedures;
however, special attention must be done to data definition (names,
rules, type, etc.) and the process model design itself. Former can
generate data quality problems and latter can produce unnecesary complex
business process models. Conclusions: We note an
acceleration in the digitization of the procedure used, because the flow
of activities rested easily in the BPM engine and we were able to focus
on developing the interface generator (complying the government
requirements).
Diverging cell wall strategies for drought adaptation in two maize inbreds with contrasting lodging resistance.
Authors: Caparrós-Ruiz David , Calderone Silvia , Mauri Nuria , Manga-Robles Alba , Fornalé Silvia , García-Mir Lluís , Centeno María-Luz , Sánchez-Retuerta Camila , Ursache Robertas , Acebes José-Luis , Campos Narciso , García-Angulo Penélope , Encina Antonio
Published: September 2023

The plant cell wall is a plastic structure of variable composition that
constitutes the first line of defense against environmental challenges.
Lodging and drought are two stressful conditions that severely impact on
maize yield. In a previous work, we characterized the cell walls of two
maize inbreds susceptible (EA2024) or resistant (B73) to stalk-lodging.
Here, we show that drought induces phenotypical, physiological, cell
wall, and transcriptional changes with distinct dynamics in the two
inbreds, and that B73 is less tolerant than EA2024 to this stress. While
in control conditions, stalk of EA2024 had higher levels of cellulose,
uronic acids and p-coumarate than B73, upon drought these
displayed increased levels of arabinose-enriched polymers, such as
pectin-arabinans and arabinogalactan proteins, and a decreased lignin
content. By contrast, a deeper rearrangement of cell walls including the
modification of lignin composition and an increase of uronic acids was
observed in B73. Drought induced higher changes in gene expression in
B73 compared to EA2024, particularly in cell wall-related genes, that
were altered in an inbred-specific manner. Transcription factor
enrichment assays unveiled inbred-specific regulatory networks
coordinating cell wall genes expression. Altogether, these findings
reveal that B73 and EA2024 inbreds, with opposite stalk-lodging
phenotypes, undertake different cell wall modification strategies in
response to drought. We propose that the specific cell wall composition
that confers lodging resistance to B73 compromises its cell wall
plasticity and renders this inbred more susceptible to drought.
Molecular ecology and microbiomes in the wild: methodological advances, common pitfalls and future directions
Authors: Fountain-Jones Nick , Giraud Tatiana , Zinger Lucie , Bik Holly , Creer Simon , Videvall Elin
Published: September 2023

The study of microbiomes across organisms and environments has become a
prominent focus in molecular ecology. This perspective article explores
methodological advancements, common challenges and future directions in
the field. Key research areas include understanding the drivers of
microbiome community assembly, linking microbiome composition to host
genetics, exploring microbial functions, transience, and spatial
partitioning, and disentangling non-bacterial components of the
microbiome. Methodological advancements, such as quantifying absolute
abundances, sequencing complete genomes, and utilizing novel statistical
approaches, are also useful tools for understanding complex microbial
diversity patterns. Our aims are to encourage robust practices in
microbiome studies and inspire researchers to explore the next frontier
of this rapidly changing field.
Use of Photobiomodulation for Anesthesia Puncture Pain Reduction: A Case Report
Authors: Horliana Anna Carolina , Ferreira Giovanna Fontgalland , Machado Glaucia Gonçales Abud , Roncolato Vinicius Leão , Bussadori Sandra , Motta Lara Jansiski , Duran Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez , Fernandes Kristianne , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of
photobiomodulation (PBM) on pain control during pterygomandibular
puncture. A patient received anesthesia on both sides of the mouth in a
randomized manner. On the right side, an 808nm infrared low-level laser
was applied before local anesthesia. On the left side, a sham laser was
applied using the same technique. There was a 50% reduction in pain
levels on the PBM-treated side compared to the sham PBM side, as
measured by the visual analog scale. Sensitivity tests revealed that
anesthesia was more effective on the PBM side. There was no significant
difference in blood pressure before and after anesthesia on either side.
While these findings are based on a single case report, they suggest
that photobiomodulation before anesthesia may alleviate puncture pain
associated with anesthesia. Nevertheless, further well-designed clinical
trials are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of this complementary
therapy.
Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential (CHIP) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk
Authors: Tobias Deirdre K. , Manning Alisa K. , Wessel Jennifer , Raghavan Sridharan , Westerman Kenneth E. , Bick Alexander G. , DiCorpo Daniel , Whitsel Eric A. , Collins Jason , Correa Adolfo , Cupples L. Adrienne , Dupuis Josée , Goodarzi Mark O , Guo Xiuqing , Howard Barbara , Lange Leslie A. , Liu Simin , Raffield Laura M. , Reiner Alex P. , Rich Stephen S. , Taylor Kent D. , Tinker Lesley , Wilson James G. , Wu Peitao , Carson April P. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Fornage Myriam , Psaty Bruce M. , Kooperberg Charles , Rotter Jerome I. , Meigs James , Manson JoAnn E
Published: September 2023

Objective: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an aging-related accumulation of somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells, leading to clonal expansion. CHIP presence has been implicated in atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality, but its association with incident T2D is unknown. We hypothesized that CHIP is associated with elevated risk of T2D.

Research Design and Methods: CHIP was derived from whole genome sequencing of blood DNA in NHLBI Trans-omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) prospective cohorts. We analyzed 17,637 participants from 6 cohorts, without prior T2D, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. We evaluated baseline CHIP vs. no CHIP prevalence with incident T2D, including associations with DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, JAK2, and TP53 variants. We estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HR [CI]) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, education, self-reported race/ethnicity, and combined cohorts’ estimates via fixed effects meta-analysis.

Results: Mean age was 63.4 years (SD=11.5), 76% were female, and CHIP prevalence was 6.0% (n=1,055) at baseline. T2D was diagnosed in n=2,467 over mean follow-up of 9.8 years. Participants with CHIP had a 23% (1.04, 1.45) higher risk of T2D than those with no CHIP. Specifically, TET2 (HR=1.48; 1.05, 2.08) and ASXL1 (HR=1.76; 1.03, 2.99) mutations were at higher T2D risk, and DNMT3A was non-significant (HR=1.15; 0.93, 1.43); statistical power was limited for JAK2 and TP53 analyses.

Conclusions: CHIP was associated with higher incidence of T2D. CHIP mutations located on genes implicated in CHD and mortality were also related to T2D, suggesting shared aging-related pathology.
Parameter optimization decomposition and synthesis algorithm for a bundle of rotation shells connected with a ring frame
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dzyuba A. P. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Safronova I. A. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Sirenko V. N. ,   Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Torskyy A. R. ,   Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics, NASU; Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: September 2023

The method of weight optimization of a shell structure consisting of a power ring frame connected to it on each side of non-homogeneous shells of rotation with variable wall thickness under the action of a spatially asymmetric load is presented. The construction decomposition algorithm is applied. The optimization of shells is carried out based on the necessary Pontryagin's optimality conditions with phase constraints. Finite-dimensional optimization methods are used to seek the optimal configuration of the ring frame. The synthesis of the construction is carried out by the method of successive approximations. Numerical optimization results are presented
Görüntü İşleme ile Doğal Taş Seleksiyonunda İşlem Süresini Azaltan Yeni Bir Yöntem Önerisi
Authors: AKKOYUN Özgür , FIRAT Yaser
Published: September 2023

Son yıllarda birçok alanda olduğu gibi doğal taş sektöründe de artan bir hızda, görüntü işleme yöntemlerine dayalı uygulamalar görülmektedir. Bu uygulamalar mermer renklerini bilgisayar ortamına aktarma ile başlamış ve günümüzde mermer numunelerinin renk seleksiyonunun Yapay Zeka (YZ) ve Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) modelleri ile yapılabildiği çalışmalara kadar gelmiştir. Ancak bu çalışmaların uygulamaya dönüşebilmeleri için hala aşılması gereken bazı engeller bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan birincisi, YSA modellerinin pahalı ve karmaşık profesyonel yazılımlar ile oluşturulup çalıştırılabilmeleridir. Bir diğer sorun işlem sürelerinin fabrikaların olağan iş-akış süresine uygun olması gerekliliğidir. Bu çalışma, problemin ikinci kısmına odaklanmış, süre kısaltma ile ilgili çalışmalar ve öneriler yapılmıştır. Bunun için önce seleksiyonu YSA destekli seleksiyon yapan bir model oluşturulmuş, ardından, işlem süresini kısaltmak için iki farklı yöntem önerilmiştir. Her bir yöntem için toplamda 29 YSA modeli tekrar oluşturulup en iyi yöntem aranmıştır. Sonuçta, önerilen yöntem ile örnek doğal taşa ait üç farklı seleksiyonun ayırma işleminin %67-90 oranlarında kısaldığı ortaya konulmuştur.
User Satisfaction Profile of an Outpatient Physical Therapy Service
Authors: Amoedo Natália , Nunes Alcina , Morais Carminda , Almeida Diogo
Published: September 2023

Physical therapy is characterised as a health process with prolonged interactions between the professional and the user, involving close physical contact, the user’s active participation, and frequent visits. Evaluating user satisfaction is a priority for managing health services quality, being a good index for assessing clinical effectiveness. Therefore, establishing the profile of user satisfaction with the service is important for organisational management in health units.
This work aims to analyse the current satisfaction level of users of an outpatient physical therapy service, trace the satisfied user profile according to their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, identify a set of best practices and aspects for improvement, and propose measures to improve satisfaction. Thus, a quantitative, observational, analytical-correlational, and cross-sectional study was carried out.
The application of the Physical Therapy Outpatient Satisfaction Survey and a sociodemographic and clinic questionnaire allowed the creation of a microeconomic database and the application of the econometric methodology of linear regression. It was possible to identify variables that increase satisfaction, such as location, professional situation, travel time, pathology, and salary range, and variables that decrease satisfaction as the place of residence, academic qualifications, health system, referral, professional status, and age. Based on the evidence, measures to improve the physiotherapy service are proposed.