bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keunggulan Fitur Google Classroom untuk Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Afandi Mujad Didien , Saputri Tiyas
Published: October 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah pembelajaran dari metode konvensional menjadi modern melalui pembelajaran daring (dalam jaringan) untuk meminimalkan transmisi Covid-19. Sejak 2020, siswa Indonesia melakukan pembelajaran dari rumah. MI Ishlahul Ummah Pranti, Sidoarjo juga menerapkan metode tersebut. Namun, beberapa masalah muncul selama pembelajaran karena sekolah tersebut belum memanfaatkan Google Classroom sehingga program pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) yang berupa program diseminasi tentang fitur Google Classroom ini dilaksanakan untuk memberi solusinya. Program PKM ini dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi dengan memaksimalkan penggunaan teknologi internet. Pada tahap perencanaan, tim PKM ini mendiskusikan masalah yang dialami oleh sekolah tersebut dalam pembelajaran daring dan menawarkan solusinya. Tahap selanjutnya adalah melaksanakan diseminasi tentang fitur Google Classroom kepada guru dan siswa. Pada tahap akhir, tim ini mengevaluasi program ini dengan menyebarkan kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah diseminasi untuk memperoleh opini responden atau mitra tentang fitur Google Classroom. Sebelum diseminasi, guru dan siswa memberi pendapat setuju pada indikator dalam kuesioner yang merujuk pada fitur-fitur yang tersedia dalam aplikasi tersebut. Namun, hasil yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner pasca-diseminasi menunjukkan perubahan opini tentang fitur-fitur tersebut. Responden tersebut beralih pendapat menjadi sangat setuju dengan pemanfaatan fitur-fitur Google Classroom untuk pembelajaran daring. Program diseminasi ini mengungkap banyak fitur yang menguntungkan mitra, seperti dukungan pada pembelajaran tanpa batas ruang dan waktu, kemudahan pengumpulan dan penyimpanan tugas sekolah, peningkatan kemandirian dan keaktifan siswa, dan dukungan pada pembelajaran jarak jauh. Penggunaan Google Classroom untuk pembelajaran daring perlu ditingkatkan untuk memberi solusi atas masalah yang terjadi dalam pembelajaran daring karena aplikasi ini diperkuat dengan banyak fitur yang didesain untuk mendukung pembelajaran daring.
Do Corruption, Inflation and Unemployment Influence the Income Inequality of Developing Asian Countries?
Authors: Zandi GholamReza , Rehan Raja , Hye Qazi Muhammad Adnan , Mubeen Sadaf , Abbas Shujaat
Published: October 2022

Income inequality is one of the main issues influencing various economic aspects of nations. Thus, the current study aims to examine the dynamic role of corruption, inflation and unemployment on income inequality. For this purpose, 15 years balance panel data from 2006 to 2020 of 12 developing Asian countries is collected from the transparency international and World Bank Indicators (WDI) databases. Moreover, GINI Index which is used to measure the income inequality is considered as a variable of interest that indicates income inequality whereas, interest rate, corruption, inflation and unemployment are selected as independent variables. The Random Effect Model (REM) and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) are used to examine the relationship among the selected variables. The results reveal that corruption, inflation and unemployment have a significant positive relationship with the GINI index hence, are core factors that increase the income inequality level in developing Asian countries. The results help to guide policymakers while formulating the regulations to control income inequality by focusing more on corruption, inflation and unemployment factors.
LA VARIACIÓN INSTITUCIONAL DE LAS DEMOCRACIAS REPRESENTATIVAS
Authors: Sánchez y Sánchez Carlos Luis
Published: October 2022

El artículo discute cuatro visiones distintas sobre los modelos institucio­nales de representación y decisión en las democracias contemporáneas; considera las ventajas y desventajas que implica cada diseño institucional en particular, en términos de la efectividad en la toma de decisiones y la inclusión del mayor número de preferencias e intereses. El trabajo parte de la premisa que las democracias representativas no son todas iguales en la medida en que cada una, en su diseño, encuentra un límite en la maxi-mización de la dimensión de gobierno o en la dimensión representativa.
La cadena de valor del tequila y sus efectos medioambientales: un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Villafán Vidales Katia Beatriz Villafán Vidales , González Basilio Yadira González Basilio , González Pérez José Manuel González Pérez
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo busca reflexionar acerca de los efectos ambientales que provocan las grandes cadenas productivas agroalimentarias. El objetivo es identificar la cadena de valor del tequila, así como sus efectos medioambientales que este va generando en cada uno de sus eslabones. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo sobre la cadena de valor del tequila, en el municipio de Tequila, Jalisco México. Los resultados muestran que existen efectos ambientales en todos los eslabones de la cadena de valor, como son degradación de suelo, emisiones de Gas de Efecto Invernadero y generación de residuos sólidos urbanos.
La informalidad del comercio en México; retos para la 4T, respecto de la evasión fiscal
Authors: Chávez Chávez José Luis , Medina Cano Daniel
Published: October 2022

Las fugas fiscales en nuestro país son tan antiguas como la misma tributación, y al pasar de los años los impuestos y las prácticas de evasión fiscales se han modificado; en la actualidad el comercio informal ocupa el primer sitio entre la falta de pago de impuestos para nuestro país, ya que el desempleo en ascenso y la falta de inversión en el país arrastran a los mexicanos a ésta actividad que representa un verdadero paraíso fiscal, puesto que no son reguladas sus actividades comerciales y las realizan en lugares públicos.

Actualmente podremos ver las plazas comerciales funcionando como tianguis y ferias, cuando éstas deberían de cumplir su función sustantiva para lo que fueron creadas; y que decir de los ciudadanos, podríamos comprometernos hacer frente a nuestras obligaciones fiscales de conformidad con las leyes, tributando de manera establecida ordenada y organizada, lo que propiciaría un mejor nivel de vida, gracias a que todos tomemos la responsabilidad de darle al estado lo que le corresponde.

De igual manera el estado debe buscar la manera de ayudar a los inversionistas, respecto de que los impuestos dejen de ser una carga financiera primordial, buscando que estos sean menos agresivos y como consecuencia impulsar una mejor fiscalización, que haga que todos los mexicanos contribuyamos de manera proporcional y equitativa para el gasto publico.
Italian heritage, Italian legacy e Italian affection: la negoziazione dell’Italianità e dell’identità nei linguistic landscapes delle Little Italy nordamericane
Authors: Turchetta Barbara , Ferrini Caterina
Published: October 2022

Scopo dell’analisi qualitativa di stampo sociolinguistico in questa sede condotta è 1) l’osservazione delle varietà di lingua e dei fenomeni di contatto osservabili nei linguistic landscape delle Little Italy nordamericane di Boston, New York e Toronto e 2) la successiva correlazione dei fenomeni linguistici osservati alle categorie culturali-merceologiche Italian heritage, Italian legacy e Italian affection.
Conceptions of Nature in Religious, Scientific and Historical Overview: A Brief Analysis
Authors: Sayem Md Abu
Published: October 2022

It is difficult to identify nature with an exact meaning. Depending on circumstances and perspectives the term “nature” has various meanings ranging from spiritual participatory to mechanistic understanding. Having these complexities and ambiguous connotations the current research tries to investigate into some conceptual understanding of nature regarding traditional ideas and modern scientific views. There will also be an endeavor to see nature from a short historical survey. The paper aims to examine these conceptions in the light of environmental sustainability: which understanding of nature seems better to reform the dominating attitudes of humans toward the natural environment? Being critical of conventional and secular meanings of nature, the current paper proceeds to show how an understanding of a different kind can allow humans to behave with their surroundings. In so doing, the present study wants to shed more lights on natural environment, and to add more knowledge to the present discussions of ecological equilibrium.
Philosophy and Progress, Vol#69-70; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2021 P 173-188
Appraisal of Trans Indus, Marwat-Khisor and Bhittani Ranges Thrusting through Geo-spatial Techniques
Authors: Hussain Iftekhar , Mahmood Syed Amer , Batool Saira , Amer Areeba , Khurshid Mareena , Kaukab Imran Saddique
Published: October 2022

Himalayan mountain belt was created by the Indo–Eurasian collision. The length of this seismically active mountain belt is almost 2500 km. Southern partition of this zone is marked by the main frontal thrust. We computed the iso-base, relative relief, incision, vertical dissection and drainage density maps of the study site. Drainage density is inversely proportional to the rest of computed parameters. Drainage density is less where the incision/deep cutting is high. Pezu and north western parts of the study site are observed vulnerable to tectonic activity and high risks. These sites are the adjoining parts of active faults. The rates of morphological changes and the combination of stripping processes are determined through Surface dynamics maps (SDM). Although it is a handy tool used to evaluate erosion conditions of sags or sub basins. Remote sensing and GIS techniques proved efficient for appraisal of thrust in Marwat Kishore and Bhittani ranges.
River Profile Modeling Through Surface Deformation Using RS/GIS, A Case Study Swat River
Authors: Amen Hafsa , Sadiq Sadia , Mahmood Syed Amer , Batool Saira , Amer Areeba , Khurshid Mareena , Gill Sajjad Ali
Published: October 2022

The objective of this appraisal is to determine the feasibility of dam sites in Swat Valley and its peripheries (Northern Pakistan). We exploited SRTM DEM with a spatial resolution of 90m to extract various geomorphic indexes for the dam site feasibility. This research aims at pinpointing areas which can be opted for small dam constructions to overcome the electricity crisis in Pakistan to some extent to meet the national electricity needs. We exercised River profile analysis (RPA), D8 flow popular algorithm, Concavity, Steepness, and Hack-gradient methods to prepare interpolated maps for the Steepness index, Concavity index, Relative uplift rates, and other parameters like value zoom, vector zoom, surface zoom, density zoom, relief zoom and contour map. The drainage pattern of this area indicates that there are high relative uplift rates, erosion, steepness and concavity in NE, NW and SW. The DEM based RPA develops as much easier and faster approach to demarcate sites influenced by neotectonics.
A Review on Transformation of Monolithic Applications towards Microservices Environment
Authors: Mushtaq zaigham , Saher Najia , Shazad Faisal , Iqbal Sana , Qasim Anam
Published: October 2022

The traditional monolithic approach is widely employed in centralized software development, deployment, and reusability, as the modules are tightly connected, causing several challenges in programming. The study utilized different techniques for the easy transformation of several running monolithic applications to micro services including, Angular 2, REST API, Web application and several other architectural approaches are discussed. This review paper highlights the significance of microservices and the transformation of monolithic applications towards microservices. As multiple software applications are an integral part of a traditional monolithic application, the modules cannot be extended separately, and different modules cannot use various technology stacks. So, monolithic source code must be migrated to the microservice platform in order to extend `the lifecycle of applications in today's environment. However, due to structural complexity, scattered application logic, and dependency upon external framework libraries, the transformation towards a microservices platform is quite challenging. A Microservice architecture is a container of loosely coupled independent services making a flexible system. In this study, potential areas for the transformation of monolithic application source code are highlighted. Furthermore, key challenges and open research issues in this area are highlighted, requiring the research community's attention. The study concludes that Microservices are not a one-size-fits-all solution for every challenging situation. Monolithic transformation requires significant amount of time and effort on the part of everyone in the business.
A Deep Learning Framework for Multi Drug Side Effects Prediction with Drug Chemical Substructure
Authors: Arshed Muhammad Asad , Mumtaz Shahzad , Riaz Omer , Sharif Waqas , Abdullah Saima
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, side effects and adverse reactions of drugs are considered the major concern regarding public health. In the process of drug development, it is also considered the main cause of drug failure. Due to the major side effects, drugs are withdrawan from the market immediately. Therefore, in the drug discovery process, the prediction of side effects is a basic need to control the drug development cost and time as well as launching of an effective drug in the market in terms of patient health recovery. In this study, we have proposed a deep learning model named “DLMSE” for the prediction of multiple side effects of drugs with the chemical structure of drugs. As it is a common experience that a single drug can cause multiple side effects, that’s why we have proposed a deep learning model that can predict multiple side effects for a single drug. We have considered three side effects (Dizziness, Allergy, Headache) in this study. We have collected the drug side effects information from the SIDER database. We have achieved an accuracy of ‘0.9494’ with our multi-label classification based proposed model. The proposed model can be used in different stages of the drug development process.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Classification of Environmental Sounds and Fall Detection
Authors: Hassan Farman , Mehmood Muhammad Hamza , Younis Babar , Mehmood Nasir , Imran Talha , Zafar Usama
Published: October 2022

In recent years, number of elderly people in population has been increased because of the rapid advancements in the medical field, which make it necessary to take care of old people. Accidental fall incidents are life-threatening and can lead to the death of a person if first aid is not given to the injured person. Immediate response and medical assistance are necessary in case of accidental fall incidents to elderly people. The research community explored various fall detection systems to early detect fall incidents, however, still there exist numerous limitations of the systems such as using expensive sensors, wearable sensors that are hard to wear all the time, camera violates the privacy of person, and computational complexity. In order to address the above-mentioned limitations of the existing systems, we proposed a novel set of integrated features that consist of melcepstral coefficients, gammatone cepstral coefficients, and spectral skewness. We employed a decision tree for the classification performance of both binary problems and multi-class problems. We obtained an accuracy of 91.39%, precision of 96.19%, recall of 91.81%, and F1-score of 93.95%. Moreover, we compared our method with existing state-of-the-art methods and the results of our method are higher than other methods. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is reliable for use in medical centers, nursing houses, old houses, and health care provisions.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Sepsis Detection
Authors: Ullah Asad , Qayyum Huma , Hassan Farman , Khan Muhammad Khateeb , Rahman Auliya Ur
Published: October 2022

Sepsis is a very fatal disease, causing a lot of causalities all over the world, about 2, 70,000 die of Sepsis annually, thus early detection of Sepsis disease would be a remedy to prevent this disease and it would be a big relief to the family of sepsis patients. Different researchers have worked on sepsis disease detection and its prediction but still the need to have an improved model for Sepsis detection remains. We compared various machine learning algorithms for Sepsis detection and used the dataset publicly available for all the researchers at Physionet.org, the dataset contains many empty or Null values, we applied backward filling and forward filling techniques, and we calculated missing values of MAP using equation (1) which gives more precise results, we divided the 40,336 files of datasets A and B into 80% training set and 20% testing set. We applied the algorithms twice one time using vital signs and clinical values of patients and the second time using only vital signs of the patients; using vital signs only the training accuracy of KNN, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, MLP, and Decision Trees was 0.992, 0.999, 0.981, 0.981, and 0.981 respectively, while the testing accuracy of KNN, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, MLP, and Decision Trees was 0.987, 0.980, 0.983, 0.981, and 0.981 respectively, for Sepsis Label 0, the value of precision for KNN, Random Forest, Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, and MLP was 0.99, 0.98, 0.98, 0.98, and 0.98 respectively, while the value of recall for KNN, Random Forest, Decision Trees, Logistic Regression, and MLP was 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, and 1.00 respectively; the comparison of all the above-mentioned algorithms showed that KNN leads over all the competitors regarding the accuracy, precision, and recall.
Impact of Land-use Change on Agricultural Production & Accuracy Assessment through Confusion Matrix
Authors: Sajid Muhammad , Mohsin Muhammad , Jamal Tabasam , Mobeen Muhammad , Rehman Abdur , Rafique Anum
Published: October 2022

Land modification and its allied resources have progressively become a severe problem presently pulling the worldwide attention and now it rests at the central point of the conservation of the environment and sustainability. The present research aimed to examine the land-use changes and their impact on agricultural production using remote sensing and GIS techniques over the study area that comprised of Tehsil Shorkot, District Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. Images were pre-processed by using the Arc GIS and ERDAS Imagine 15 software for stacking of the layers, sub-setting, and mosaicking of the satellite bands. After the pre-processing of the images, supervised image classification scheme was applied by employing a maximum likelihood algorithm to recognize the land-use changes which have been observed in the area under study. The area under water was occupied 9.6 km2 in 2010 that increased to 21.04 km2 in 2015 and decreased to 19.4 km2in 2020. Built-up land was 16.6 km2 in 2010 that increased to 19.4 km2 in 2015 and 26.8 km2 in 2020. The total area under vegetation was computed as 513.2 km2 in 2010 that increased to 601.6km2 in 2015 and further increased to 717.7 km2in 2020. Forest land use showed decreasing trend as the covered area in 2010 was occupied 90.8 km2 that decreased to 86.7 km2 in 2015 and further decreased to 61.84 km2 in 2020. In 2010, barren land use was occupied 528.54 km2 that considerably decreased to 429.64 km2 in 2015 further decreased to 333.1 km2 in 2020. Barren land drastically decreased into watered, built-up, and vegetation land uses. The findings of this study will be helpful for the future conservation of various land-use types, urban and regional planning, and an increase in agricultural production of various crops in the study area.
QuackFinder: A Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Bukhari Faisal , Saleem Mahrukh , Zafar Rabia , Idrees Muhammad , Iqbal Waheed , Nawaz Zubair , Saleem Saqib
Published: October 2022

Quackery is profoundly rooted in rural areas, , but cities are also considerably affected. Countries, whether developed or developing, are experiencing this curse. Quackery is one of the primary reasons for the recent AIDS epidemic among children in Pakistan. In this research, we have conducted two separate surveys to study the causes of quackery. The sample sizes for the public and physicians were 157 and 58, respectively. The first questionnaire was handed to the respondents based in Pakistan to reveal the reasons behind the quackery and its widespread existence. The second questionnaire was designed to examine physicians' perceptions of quackery. The data were analyzed and we physicians having permit granted by the PMDC (Pakistan Medical and Dental Council) should be placed in doctor's clinics to help people distinguish between quacks and physicians. According to the conducted survey government may be held accountable behind the spread of quackery whereas lack of awareness from the media and high illiteracy rates are also the lead causes. Moreover, according to doctor’s perspective, awareness campaigns will surely help us to overcome this menace. It is not simple for common people to differentiate a quack from a doctor. To assist the common person, we have created a prototype android app called "Quack Finder"' based on our survey outcomes to predict whether an individual is a quack or a doctor.
How to Combat Against Upcoming Varients of Covid-19
Authors: Zamir Mahnoor , Mahmood Shakir , Ahmad Zamir
Published: October 2022

New variant of Covid 19 poses a threat to re-imagine and re-design our cities, which will result in to reduced transportation and a brighter sky. The key objective of the study intends to enlighten how the new variant of COVID-19 may effect cities and their residents socially, economically, psychologically and to suggest measures to combat the effects of a pandemic. Cities are growth engines, and policymakers can help them become more sustainable by creating jobs, reducing poverty, and assisting in the resilience of cities. This is especially relevant for developing countries, which, in comparison to developed ones, are rapidly urbanizing. The researcher carried out a detailed survey in the case study area (Lahore) to gather the facts regarding the impacts of COVID-19. The reliability analysis technique was used to analyze the results. The variables/factors were reliable at the value of 0.8, and 0.7. The analysis shows that residents faced problems in mobility, daily commute, and unavailability of hospitals and health care units. Residents were affected psychologically as well. The most significant impact of the lockdown which proved itself a blessing was the improvement in air quality and the environment of Lahore. The researcher concluded that the epidemic will have a significant impact on Pakistani city administration and governance. Future decisions will determine if post-COVID cities are more environmentally friendly to construct and manage. However, in addition to economic growth, it is vital to address the social and environmental aspects of long-term sustainability.
Diastolic Dysfunction Prediction with Symptoms Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Anjum Muhammad Shoaib , Riaz Omer , Latif Muhammad Salman
Published: October 2022

Cardiac disease is the major cause of deaths all over the world, with 17.9 million deaths annually, as per World Health Organization reports. The purpose of this study is to enable a cardiologist to early predict the patient’s condition before performing the echocardiography test. This study aims to find out whether diastolic function or diastolic dysfunction using symptoms through machine learning. We used the unexplored dataset of diastolic dysfunction disease in this study and checked the symptoms with cardiologist to be enough to predict the disease. For this study, the records of 1285 patients were used, out of which 524 patients had diastolic function and the other 761 patients had diastolic dysfunction. The input parameters considered in this detection include patient age, gender, BP systolic, BP diastolic, BSA, BMI, hypertension, obesity, and Shortness of Breath (SOB). Various machine learning algorithms were used for this detection including Random Forest, J.48, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine algorithms. As a result, with an accuracy of 85.45%, Logistic Regression provided promising results and proved efficient for early prediction of cardiac disease. Other algorithms had an accuracy as follow, J.48 (85.21%), Random Forest (84.94%), and SVM (84.94%). Using a machine learning tool and a patient’s dataset of diastolic dysfunction, we can declare either a patient has cardiac disease or not.
Role of Geospatial Technology in Crime Mapping & Analysis: A Case Study of District Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Khushi Mudassar , Ahmad Sajid Rasheed , Ahmad Adeel , Butt Ibtisam , Akram Waseem , Akhtar Azeem
Published: October 2022

Crime is a social stigma that needs to be addressed beyond talks. The use of geospatial information technology has become well recognized within the fields of forensic sciences and criminology, especially in the developed world. The current study is an attempt to analyze the distribution and trends of various crime types, including rape, murder, baby kidnapping, vehicle theft, and dacoity in district of Kasur Punjab, Pakistan during the year 2021. (Police station wise crime data) was collected from the District Police Office (DPO), Kasur and interpolation technique was applied and several maps were generated, including crime type, crime rate, and crime density with in study area and statistical illustrations were down users Microsoft Excel software suite. Murder crimes were found highest in the vicinity of Sadar Kasur police station whereas lowest in the vicinity of City Pattoki police station. Alla abad police station reported the highest rape crimes, whereas the lowest crime rate was found in the jurisdiction of Theh Sheikham. Kidnapping were highest in Sadar Kasur and Kot Radhakishen police stations’ vicinity, while it was found to be the lowest in the The Sheikham police station’s jurisdiction. Ganda Singh Wala, Kangan Pur, and Sadar Chunian had the lowest number of vehicle theft, whereas the city Pattoki and Sadar Kasur police stations recorded the highest dacoity crime. The present study suggests that the use of geospatial technology within the study area and beyond by the law enforcement departments can effectively enhance crime control and can help to maintain law and order situations.
Computer Malware Classification, Factors, and Detection Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
Authors: Hussain Asad , Ahmad Sunila Fatima , Tanveer Mishal , Iqbal Ansa Sameen
Published: October 2022

A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using tailored searches based on our study topic. We completed all SLR processes, including periodic reviews as SLR. Researchers may find out about the justification, the review procedure, and the research question by using search keywords. This paper describes the trial approach to elaborate the search keywords, resources, restrictions, and validations that were, and explores search strategies made. The reviews are carried out by assessing the publication's quality, devising a data extraction approach, and synthesizing the results. All four research questions were used to analyze the papers concerning the findings. Finally, reports on the categorization of computer malware were analyzed for their detection methods, factors, and how they infiltrate computer systems have been published. SLR identifies the element, characteristics, and detection techniques that are explained in this research paper. Computer malware infects the computer system. This comprehensive literature review's is mainly based on recommendations by earlier studies.
Adaptive clustering in energy efficient routing protocol for mobile nodes in WSNs
Authors: Khattak Zawar Khan , Ashraf Majid
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a collection of large number of small sensor nodes which communicate sensed data over a radio channel covering wide geographical region.
Problem statement: A number of algorithms have been developed to enhance the network lifetime of WSN by efficiently utilizing the sources of energy. The most commonly used approach is clustering that is prone to uneven load balancing and instability issues. Furthermore, topological changes in WSN structure especially with mobile nodes significantly effect network lifetime.
Methodology: In this study, we have proposed an Adaptive-Cluster-based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (A-EECBRP), which employs a novel geometrical Voronoi-based configuration to solve load balancing and mobility issues while maintaining network stability and coverage. Furthermore, energy cost function and Energy Harvesters (EH) devices were implemented to reduce energy consumption and increase network life. Moreover, the concept of handshaking and random waypoint model for nodes movement between cluster groups was examined to define mobile nodes.
Results: Simulation results obtained from network analysis performed on MATLAB® showed that A-EECBRP reduced energy consumption by almost 1500 rounds as compared to LEACH-M. This significantly improved the network lifetime of WSN as compared to the LEACH-M routing protocol. Therefore, our proposed scheme provides a huge potential for implementing energy-efficient routing protocols in mobile wireless sensor networks.
Optimal Selection of Reactive Power For Single Tuned Passive Filter Based on Curve Fitting Technique
Authors: Bajwa Muhammad Shahzad , Keerio Muhammad Usman , Memon Riaz Hussain , Mugheri Noor Hussain , Samo Kamran Ali
Published: October 2022

This research presents the Optimal Reactive Power (Qc) selection for a single-tuned passive filter. DC drives are very popular in the industrial zone due to their high performance, flexibility, easy control, and low cost. DC drives operate by giving supply from an AC utility and AC to DC can be converted using the AC-DC converter. But this conversion introduces harmonics in the input supply current that affect the performance of the DC drive and also cause serious problems for the overall power quality of the system. Many researchers are searching for the appropriate solutions to mitigate this cause. A passive filter is one solution to minimize or avoid harmonics from entering the electrical system. The key aspect of the passive filter design has been a difficult task. The parameters of the passive filter largely depends upon selecting the suitable value of reactive power (Qc). In this paper, the Simulink model of an AC-DC converter based on a separately excited dc motor is used as an industrial load, and a curve fitting technique has been used to select the optimal value of reactive power (Qc) for the passive filter. The simulation results and analysis show that optimal selection of reactive power for single tuned passive filter using the proposed technique is very effective by taking international standards limits for harmonic distortion.
Sun Tracking and Control Design for PV Solar energy system
Authors: Abro Adeel Ahmed , Bano Sheher , Tariq Umbreen , Shah Irtiza Ali
Published: October 2022

In this modern era of the rapid increase in population, a high rise in technology, and a large number of machinery installed, fuel demand has increased significantly. Non-renewable energies contribute a lot to producing energy worldwide, and that's why they are decreasing at an alarming rate. As an alternative, renewable energies have a high potential to solve this upcoming issue. In this paper, sunlight is utilized for the location of Islamabad, and an active solar tracker is designed. The objective is to develop a cost-effective system with low maintenance requirements. The tracking mechanism is modeled by two sensors, LDR and PV sensor. LDR sensor generates high resistance when light is incident on them, thus reducing the voltage production. PV sensors produce a voltage when sunlight is incident on them, and a voltage drop occurs if a shadow occurs. A thin plate between two LDR sensors or two PV sensors will cast a shadow according to the sun's position. It will create a voltage difference between the two sides, thus causing the system to track the sun. For smooth movement, a servomotor is an effective choice. The system is integrated with a microcontroller for a feedback system of output; Arduino Uno will regulate the uniform and accurate movement of the system. The research on azimuth and elevation angles for the location of an installment is also included in this paper. Different tests are performed for comparative study for both sensors to have performance analysis.
Pain Management in Opioids Users without Use of Medicines
Authors: Shujaat Jawwad Muhammad , Riaz Dr. Muhammad Akram , Riaz Muhammad Naveed , Irtaza Dr. Ahmad , Fuaad Dr. Muazzam , Akhtar Masud
Published: October 2022

Notable researchers tell us about acute pain management in opioid users and how it works and which drug group works effectively in them. The purpose of our study is to manage pain in opioid users during detox without the use of Analgesics. An experimental study is conducted among 36 male patients in the age group of 25 to 55 from Punjab, Pakistan. The purposive sampling technique was used in the collection of samples due to limited resources. We divided these samples into 3 different groups (medication, placebo, and physiotherapy) and after doing treatment according to their group we get the results through a self-report inventory. Most rehabilitation centers used analgesics to relieve symptomatic pain management but the problem is the drug-seeking behavior of opioid users. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 26. Of 12 patients in the placebo group only 25% feel better through a placebo treatment plan and in the analgesic group 75% of patients feel relieved and in the physiotherapy group, 66% of patients feel relieved. As a result of this, we concluded that physiotherapy can also play role in the rehabilitation process of opioid users and helps to minimize their drug-seeking behavior. Our research concludes that a positive but weak association between placebo in opioid pain management is present while strong but less association between physiotherapy in opioid users then analgesics.
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Following Definitive Surgical Treatment for Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: Perioperative Complication and Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Park Ju Ha , Park Young Min , Kim Da Hee , Kim Se-Heon , Kim Hye Ryun , Koh Yoon Woo
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives We analyzed surgical outcomes, perioperative complications, and mortality in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in patients who underwent curative surgery following neoadjuvant immunotherapy.Subjects and Method The records of 36 HNSCC patients who underwent curative surgery with neoadjuvant immunotherapy and 69 HNSCC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed.Results The average operation time was 315 minutes, and the average bleeding volume was 167 cc. The average length of hospital stay was 21 days. When evaluating surgical margin status, we found 24 patients (66.6%) who exhibited a negative margin. We found no case where surgery was impossible due to progression of the lesion during neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Compared to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, neoadjuvant immunotherapy group showed acceptable perioperative safety and complication profile. The postoperative complication rate was 19.4% in the neoadjuvant immunotherapy group and 13.0% in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (p=0.386). There were no serious complications during the recovery period after surgery or instances of death due to complications.Conclusion In HNSCC patients, there was no increase in the incidence of complications or mortality related to curative surgery after neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Incidental Paranasal Sinusitis: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study of Kangbuk Samsung Health Care Center
Authors: Lee In Buhm , Kim Tae Hwan , Lee Mi Yeon , Lee Jung Yup , Lee Kyung Chul , Jin Sung Min , Lee Sang Hyuk
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives Metabolic syndrome is a medical problem featured by the coexistence of several risk factors such as, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. The association between metabolic syndrome and incidental paranasal sinusitis has not been definitely proved yet. This study was established to prove if metabolic syndrome might be related to incidental paranasal sinusitis.Subjects and Method Of 5682 patients who had undergone brain MRI for regular checkups between 2011 and 2018 at Kangbuk Samsung Health Care Center, we analyzed 2882 cases with normal sinus and incidental paranasal sinusitis that had been deciphered by specialized radiologists. Data of various components of metabolic syndrome were also used. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of having incidental paranasal sinusitis between subjects with metabolic syndrome components and those without.Results Of 2882 patients aged over 18 years (mean age, 51.8±9.47 years; 55.4% male), 353 incidental paranasal sinusitis subjects (232 male with mean age of 51.39±9.27 years and 121 female with mean age of 52.43±9.69 years) were identified. Metabolic syndrome was identified in 554 patients. The adjusted OR of having incidental paranasal sinusitis was 3.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-5.83) in female with metabolic syndrome. In female, the adjusted OR of having incidental paranasal sinusitis was 2.10 (95% CI: 1.20-3.67) in those with low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (<50 mg/dL) and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.06-3.16) in those with higher body mass index (BMI) (≥25 kg/m2).Conclusion Results of this study suggest that female with metabolic syndrome, low HDL cholesterol, and high BMI have higher risks for incidental paranasal sinusitis.
Students’ Perception of Edmodo use as a Learning Tool
Authors: Siahaan Erna Basania
Published: October 2022

Due to the development of technology, teachers are expected to integrate technology into the classroom to engage the Z Generation students. Edmodo is a popular online learning platform that has now been widely used as a learning management system in blended learning or just as a supplementary tool. This study aims at investigating students' perceptions of Edmodo as a learning tool. Involving 47 students of the English department of Universitas Kristen Indonesia, data were collected employing a questionnaire and an interview. The results showed that the participants perceived Edmodo use improved their language skills, developed interaction and communication, enhanced the freedom to share ideas, and promoted their vocabulary and creativity. However, they regarded that the traditional face-to-face learning should not be replaced by online learning. They seemed to suggest the two learning modes combined.
English Education Master’s Program Students’ Perceptions on the Use of Code-Switching in EFL Classroom Context
Authors: Wijaya Kristian Florensio , Mety Mety , Bram Barli
Published: October 2022

This paper investigated some factors influencing the use of code-switching in foreign/second language learning processes. Code-switching is related to the shift between the first and second languages done by the speakers in conversational contexts. Based on the theories of code-switching, second language learners frequently apply their first language when communicating with others in order to deliver the messages clearly, maintain group solidarity, and avoid unintended misunderstandings. Data were collected through a classroom survey and interviews with 12 English Education Master’s Program students of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta. Qualitative content analysis was applied to obtain clearer interpretations. The results showed the lecturers and students utilized code-switching more sensibly in the second language classroom context. Further, code-switching will be better to be implemented in informal social interactions rather than foreign/second language classroom settings since it will hamper EFL learners’ success in attaining more fruitful target language competencies.
Evaluation Cultural Content on English Textbook Used by EFL Students in Indonesia
Authors: Mutiara Ayu
Published: October 2022

Choosing an acceptable textbook is not a simple task since it may be a key component in most language program. It serves as language input and language practice for learners. It also provides the premise for content lesson, the variety of language practice for learner, and serves as a supplement for teacher’s instruction. Teaching and learning a language without knowing its culture are useless. Culture should be taught to the students so as to dig deeper their language potential in learning English. Therefore, a textbook which is often utilized by teachers as a medium to show and help them within the process of teaching and learning should have a significant part in disseminating cultures. Culture is split into three categories: source culture, target culture, and international target culture. Some problems arise whether to keep up the source culture because the dominant part or to clarify more about the target culture. Also, the ignorance of cultural teaching commonly happens in language classroom. Thus, this paper will evaluate and explore how important cultural literacy in EFL teaching is and discuss which culture should be taught in EFL.
Lens of Language and Literature Programs in the New Norm Educational Setting amidst Pandemic
Authors: Abarquez Adrian
Published: October 2022

The current COVID-19 epidemic, which began in China and has nearly infected every nation globally, is one of the most recent public health catastrophes of worldwide significance. The language and literature programs in public and private schools have become more flexible due to the new standard structure that the Philippines adopted due to the Covid-19 epidemic. This study utilized a basic qualitative design under a qualitative research approach. There were six (6) English teachers as participants. The participants answered open-ended questions about language and literature programs in one's school in the new normal of education through social media platforms, Facebook messenger. The data has yielded three (3) themes: learning competencies and guides of language and literature programs, approaches and programs to language acquisition and literature appreciation, and new learning methods towards language and literature programs. Hence, the language programs sharpen students' macro abilities, which they will use in real-life situations. Literature programs also seek to help students understand and appreciate literary appreciation and analysis. The utilization of diverse techniques, programs, and competencies will allow for more practical learning. It is essential to the teacher's job that we motivate students to master these abilities. We scaffold them to help them comprehend our goal, which is to prioritize education for students to see what is unseen in the actual world.
Effect of High Glucose Concentrations on Expression of ELAM 1, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in HUVEC with and without Cytokine Activation.
Authors: Altannavch TS , Roubalová K , Kučera P , Anděl M
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased prevalence of endothelial dysfunction and development of atherosclerotic vascular diseases. We demonstrate here that hyperglycemia results in the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells in vitro. Incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a culture medium with 11.0 mM, 16.5 mM and 22.0 mM glucose concentrations induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1). This effect was detectable after 24 h incubation of HUVEC with a high glucose concentration. The effect of high glucose concentration on TNF-alpha induced expression of ELAM-1, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 was negligible, if at all. These results show that even a short-term exposure of endothelial cells (ECs) to high glucose concentration leads to their activation associated with increased expression of adhesion molecules such as ELAM-1, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1.
Pattern of Right Ventricular Pressure Fall and Its Modulation by Afterload.
Authors: Correia-Pinto J , Henriques-Coelho T , Magalhães S , Leite-Moreira AF
Published: October 2022

Pattern of right ventricular pressure (RVP) fall and its afterload dependence were examined by analyzing ventricular pressure curves and corresponding pressure dP/dt phase planes obtained in both ventricles in the rat heart in situ. Time and value of dP/dt(min), and the time constant tau were measured at baseline and during variable RV afterload elevations, induced by beat-to-beat pulmonary trunk constrictions. RVP and left ventricular pressure (LVP) decays were divided into initial accelerative and subsequent decelerative phases separated by corresponding dP/dt(min). At baseline, LVP fall was decelerative during 4/5 of its course, whereas only 1/3 of RVP decay occurred in a decelerative fashion. During RV afterload elevations, the absolute value of RV-dP/dt(min) and RV-tau increased, whilst time to RV dP/dt(min) decreased. Concomitantly, the proportion of RVP decay following a decelerative course increased, so that in highly RV afterloaded heartbeats RVP fall became more similar to LVP fall. In conclusion, RVP and LVP decline have distinct patterns, their major portion being decelerative in the LV and accelerative in the RV. In the RV, dP/dt(min), tau and the proportional contribution of accelerative and decelerative phases for ventricular pressure fall are afterload-dependent. Consequently, tau evaluates a relatively much shorter segment of RVP than LVP fall.
Effects of Acute Hypoxia on the Determination of Anaerobic Threshold Using the Heart Rate-Work Rate Relationships during Incremental Exercise Tests.
Authors: Ozcelik O , Kelestimur H
Published: October 2022

Anaerobic threshold which describes the onset of systematic increase in blood lactate concentration is a widely used concept in clinical and sports medicine. A deflection point between heart rate-work rate has been introduced to determine the anaerobic threshold non-invasively. However, some researchers have consistently reported a heart rate deflection at higher work rates, while others have not. The present study was designed to investigate whether the heart rate deflection point accurately predicts the anaerobic threshold under the condition of acute hypoxia. Eight untrained males performed two incremental exercise tests using an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer: one breathing room air and one breathing 12 % O2. The anaerobic threshold was estimated using the V-slope method and determined from the increase in blood lactate and the decrease in standard bicarbonate concentration. This threshold was also estimated by in the heart rate-work rate relationship. Not all subjects exhibited a heart rate deflection. Only two subjects in the control and four subjects in the hypoxia groups showed a heart rate deflection. Additionally, the heart rate deflection point overestimated the anaerobic threshold. In conclusion, the heart rate deflection point was not an accurate predictor of anaerobic threshold and acute hypoxia did not systematically affect the heart rate-work rate relationships.