bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sintomatologia, etiologia e manejo de doenças causadas por fungos e chromistas na cultura da batata
Authors: Töfoli J. G. , Domingues R. J.
Published: April 2023

A batata é a solanácea de maior importância econômica no agronegócio mundial. A ocorrência de doenças causadas por fungos e chromistas (oomicetos e cercozoários) pode comprometer seriamente a cultura, o rendimento e a qualidade de tubérculos. Entre os danos causados destacam-se principalmente: falhas de germinação; tombamentos; manchas foliares; lesões em caules, murchas; podridões; manchas, má formação e apodrecimento de tubérculos; queda de vigor e morte de plantas nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da cultura. Entre as doenças de maior importância existentes no Brasil destacam-se: a Requeima (Phytophthora infestans); a Pinta preta (Alternaria spp.); a Rizoctoniose (Rhizoctonia solani); a Sarna prateada (Helminthosporium solani); a Murcha de Fusarium e Podridão seca (Fusarium spp.); o Mofo branco (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum); a Murcha de Verticillium (Verticillium dahlie); a Sarna pulverulenta (Spongospora subterranea); o Olho pardo (Callonectria brassicae) e a Podridão aquosa (Globisporangium spp., Pythium aphanidermatum). O conhecimento dos sintomas, etiologia, epidemiologia e medidas de controle é fundamental em sistemas integrados e orgânicos de produção que tenham por objetivo a manutenção de níveis adequados de produtividade, sustentabilidade, saudabilidade alimentar e bem-estar social. O presente artigo destaca principalmente os fundamentos e caracterização das principais doenças no Brasil e aborda estratégias de manejo envolvendo práticas culturais, controle genético, controle químico, controle biológico, produção sustentável entre outros temas.
Entre la filosofía del diálogo y el dolor schopenhaueriano: el peligro del devenir de la nada
Authors: León Pacheco Roberto Julio
Published: April 2023

La pandemia en el Perú ha agudizado diversas carencias y ha desnudado otras ocultas por años. El dolor que viene siendo experimentado por el mundo y nuestro amado país no tiene precedentes. Intentamos en el presente documento relacionar y reflexionar sobre el dolor y la filosofía del diálogo aproximándonos a la coyuntura del bicentenario.

En el ámbito del diálogo, la reflexión sobre la incapacidad a la apertura ante múltiples oportunidades se hace necesaria. El hombre occidental, por un lado, no ha podido incorporar, en su devenir histórico, otras opciones a las planteadas por la modernidad; de otro lado, el narcisismo se asoma como riesgo para el despliegue del diálogo.

Si bien Schopenhauer revalora el dolor como factor purificador y productor de desengaño, la revalorización entra en conflicto cuando el dolor no termina. La apertura, entonces, es un punto de inicio, esperanzador y relevante, de la socialidad.

Este trabajo sustenta la idea de que el diálogo sin apertura hacia el otro, bajo una concepción occidental del mundo y en una sociedad narcisista está condenado a una purificación al estilo schopenhaueriano y a un devenir de la nada.

Palabras clave: diálogo, dolor, devenir, apertura, filosofía

 

Abstract

The pandemic in Peru has exacerbated several deficiencies and has revealed others that have been hidden for years. The pain being experienced by the world and our beloved country is unprecedented. In this article, we try to relate and reflect on the pain and the philosophy of dialogue approaching the bicentennial.

In the context of dialogue, reflection on the inability to be open to multiple opportunities becomes necessary. The Western man, on the one hand, has not been able to incorporate, in his historical evolution, other options to those proposed by modernity; on the other hand, narcissism appears as a risk for the unfolding of dialogue.

Although Schopenhauer revalues pain as a purifying factor and producer of disillusionment, the revaluation enters into conflict when pain does not end. Openness, then, is a hopeful and relevant starting point for sociality.

This work supports the idea that dialogue without openness towards the other, under a Western conception of the world and in a narcissistic society, is condemned to a Schopenhauerian- style purification and a becoming of nothingness.

Keywords: dialogue, pain, future, openness, philosophy
ilusión abandonada. José de la Riva-Agüero y Mario Vargas Llosa, los intelectuales conversos y la derecha peruana
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: April 2023

En este artículo, el autor realiza una rápida evaluación de algunas de las ideas de la derecha sobre el Perú para tratar de entender sus cambios profundos. Para ello toma a dos personajes referenciales: el historiador limeño José de la Riva-Agüero y el escritor arequipeño Mario Vargas Llosa. La idea central que recorre estas páginas es que la derecha ha abandonado la preocupación por la nación para priorizar su inserción en la globalización, aun cuando sea ocupando un papel secundario o irrelevante en el escenario mundial.

Palabras clave: Intelectuales, ideología, nación, globalización, conservadurismo, derecha peruana.

 

Abstract

In this article, the author makes a quick evaluation of some of the ideas of the right about Peru to try to understand its profound changes. O do this, he takes two referential characters: the Lima historian José de la Riva-Agüero and the Arequipa writer Mario Vargas Llosa. He central idea that runs through these pages is that the right has abandoned concern for the nation to prioritize its insertion into globalization, even when it is occupying a secondary or irrelevant role on the world stage.

Keywords: Intellectuals, ideology, nation, globalization, conservatism, peruvian right.
Vallejo Agonista entre dos culturas. Notas a partir de algunas crónicas vallejianas
Authors: Sandoval Bacigalupo Renato
Published: April 2023

Menos conocida que su labor poética fue la actividad periodística y ensayística que el poeta ejerció en Europa. Sus reflexiones giraron, sobre todo, en torno a las tensiones entre el mundo americano y el europeo; el lúcido vaticinio del renacer artístico en el caso del primero y las críticas a la bohemia insustancial del segundo.

Palabras clave: Europa, Latinoamérica, bohemia, crisis sociocultural y política, Rusia, España, solidaridad, integración.

 

Abstract

His journalistic and essayistic activity in Europe was less well known than his poetic work. His reflections revolved, above all, around the tensions between the American and European worlds; the lucid prediction of the artistic revival in the case of the former and the criticism of the insubstantial bohemianism of the second.

Keywords: Europe, Latin America, bohemia, socio-cultural and political crisis, Russia, Spain, solidarity, integration.
Asociación del incremento del índice de masa corporal y la presencia de infección de las vías urinarias en primigestas
Authors: Tornel Miguel Kenia , Villegas Martínez Dalila , Solano Ceh Adriana , Villarreal Ríos Enrique , Galicia Rodríguez Liliana , Elizarrarás Rivas Jesús
Published: April 2023

Introducción. La condición nutricional de la mujer antes y durante el embarazoes uno de los determinantes del riesgo de morbimortalidad materna. Objetivo.Determinar la relación del incremento del índice de masa corporal y la presencia deinfección de las vías urinarias en primigestas. Métodos. Estudio de casos y controlesen expedientes de primigestas. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas (edad,escolaridad, vida en pareja y ocupación), condiciones obstétricas (riesgo obstétrico,semanas de inicio del control prenatal, semanas de resolución del embarazo ynúmero de consultas prenatales), antropometría al inicio y al final del embarazo(peso, talla, índice de masa corporal y condición nutricional -peso bajo, peso normal,sobrepeso y obesidad-, ganancia de peso y ganancia de índice de masa corporal) ymodificación de la condición nutricional al inicio y al final del embarazo. El análisisestadístico se efectuó con porcentajes, promedios, intervalos de confianza parapromedios, prueba de chi2, razón de momios, intervalos de confianza para razón demomios, regresión lineal simple y proyección de la ocurrencia del evento. Resultados.Cuando el incremento del índice de masa corporal fue de 5 kg/m2, el promedio deinfección de las vías urinarias correspondió a 1,62 y, si el incremento del índice demasa corporal fue 10 kg/m2, el promedio de infección de las vías urinarias fue 2,3.Conclusión. En nuestro estudio, a mayor incremento del índice de masa corporaldurante el embarazo de la primigesta, mayor fue su probabilidad de presentarinfección de las vías urinarias.
Estado epidemiológico de la mortalidad perinatal y neonatal tardía en Colombia, 2022
Authors: Serna–Trejos Juan Santiago , Bermúdez-Moyano Stefanya Geraldine
Published: April 2023

Sr. Editor:La mortalidad perinatal y neonatal tardía (MPNT) es un evento de altointerés en salud pública, no solamente en Colombia, sino a nivel global.Se define mortalidad perinatal como aquella muerte que ocurre de lasemana 22 completa de gestación o 500 gramos o más de peso fetalhasta los 7 días posteriores al nacimiento, y se relaciona directamente a aquellos nacidos vivos que mueren durante los primeros 28 díascompletos de vida. Se divide la muerte neonatal en muertes neonatalestempranas, las cuales ocurren durante los primeros 7 días, y neonatalestardías, las cuales van del día 7 de nacimiento hasta el día 28 de vida. Laimportancia de un análisis oportuno y eficaz de este indicador de mortalidad perinatal se relaciona a un análisis directo e indirecto de causasrelacionadas a reproducción, acceso a la atención en salud, condicionesbiológicas, sociales y de salud propias de la maternidad(1).
COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMİ ve AHP ile ARICILIK FAALİYET ALANLARI İÇİN ARAZİ UYGUNLUK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ: BİTLİS/TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Mercan Çağrı
Published: April 2023

Arıcılık, biyoçeşitliliğe katkı sunarak kırsal kalkınmaya sağladığı destekten ötürü önemli bir faaliyet türüdür. Arıcılıktan elde edilen verimin arttırılabilmesi ve sürdürülebilirlik için bu faaliyet türünün yapılabileceği uygun yerlerin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, Bitlis ilinde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) ve Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri kullanılarak arıcılık için bir yer seçimi değerlendirme modeli önerilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı yerel arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan kişilerin yanı sıra literatür verilerini de dikkate alan çok kriterli değerlendirmeye dayalı mekânsal bir karar destek sistemi oluşturmaktır. Çalışma ile Bitlis ili için arıcılığın yapılabileceği uygun alanlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 11 kriter (84 alt kriter) seçilmiştir. Arıcılık faaliyetlerini olumsuz etkileyeceği için 5 alt kriter ise sınırlandırıcı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada arazi kullanımı/örtüsü, akarsulara mesafe, ortalama sıcaklık (mayıs-ağustos), NDVI, rüzgâr hızı (mayıs-ağustos), bakı, yükseklik, yağış (mayıs-ağustos), eğim, yola uzaklık ve elektrik hatlarına uzaklık kriterleri kullanılmıştır ve bu kriterlere ait tematik haritalar oluşturulmuştur. Değerlendirme kriterlerinin ağırlıklarının hesaplanmasında AHP yöntemi kullanılmıştır ve CBS ortamında ağırlıklı bindirme yöntemi ile arazi uygunluk haritası elde edilmiştir. Arazi uygunluk haritasında arıcılığın yapılabileceği çok uygun ve uygun alanların sırasıyla 1.620,02 km2 ve 2.003,81 km2, yüzey alanlarına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan uygunluk haritasında en uygun yerlerin sırasıyla Mutki, Merkez, Hizan, Tatvan, Ahlat, Güroymak ve Adilcevaz ilçelerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, arıcılık faaliyetleri ile uğraşan insanların haricinde sürdürülebilir tarım ve hayvancılık stratejilerinin oluşturulmasında, karar vericiler için de önemli bir kılavuz olacaktır.
The Forest Fund as an instrument for addressing budget deficit in Polish forest districts
Authors: Snarski Sławomir
Published: April 2023

Motives: The forest fund was established to ensure the financial stability of forest districts whose operations are financed by the State Forests National Forest Holding in Poland. However, the main role of the forest fund is to distribute funds from high-income forest districts to districts reporting a budget deficit. Aim: The purpose of this paper was to analyse and evaluate the model of managing forest fund resources in view of the provisions of the applicable legal regulations. Results: Between 2013 and 2020, the allocation of funds to forest districts reporting losses did not contribute to fair and rational distribution of resources, nor did it eliminate differences in the financial performance of forest districts operating under various environmental and economic conditions and implementing nature promotion and social education activities. The mechanism by which timber sales (operating costs that reduce profit) can be deducted from the forest fund raises serious doubt. Districts that benefit from such write-offs can program the amount of deductions in the forest fund. The above violates the principle of tax equality which states that tax laws should be applied in an identical manner to all taxpayers. A decrease in profits posted by forest districts reduces the central government’s revenues in virtue of the taxes paid by the State Forests.
The use of camera traps for identifying various types of forest recreational activities on the example of Wdecki Landscape Park
Authors: Ciesielski Mariusz , Tkaczyk Miłosz , Haidt Andżelika , Szewczyk Maciej , Waraksa Patryk
Published: April 2023

Motives: Unlike nature monitoring, recreational activities in forests are not monitored regularly or over wide areas. Therefore, research studies involving various methodologies are needed to generate valuable data for forest management.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to identify different types of forest recreational activities in Wdecki Landscape Park based on data recorded by seven camera traps between 12 December 2019 and 12 December 2020.
Results: The collected data revealed that walking, biking, and mushroom picking were the most popular recreational activities. Most activities were undertaken by single visitors or groups of two visitors between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., mostly on weekends and in the autumn.
Harmonisation of the urban environment by means of visual art, lighting design, and architecture
Authors: Pidlisna Olha , Simonova Alyona , Ivanova Nina , Bondarenko Viktoriya , Yesipov Andrii
Published: April 2023

Motives: This study was undertaken to fill in the gap in theoretical knowledge about the challenges associated with transformations in the modern urban environment, the socio-cultural consequences of external changes in the urban landscape, and growing interest in the urban environment as a unique locus of artistic and creative activity.
Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyse modern methods of optimising the urban environment by means of visual art, lighting design, landscape architecture, and small architectural forms.
Results: A harmonious urban environment was created in Kharkiv through the introduction of sophisticated design elements, art objects, and urban furniture in the architectural context. These elements were integrated to create distinct and high-quality urban recreation areas. Basic modelling principles for optimising the urban environment can be used to analyse and combine the existing methods, and search for new opportunities to implement creative design solutions.
Konseptual Desain Pesawat UAV Meniru Cessna 172 Dengan Konfigurasi Sayap Morphing Untuk Misi Trainer
Authors: Fadhilah Mizan , Mas Intan Haqqah Risath
Published: April 2023

Perkembangan UAV/drone di Indonesia sedang berkembang pesat terbukti banyak UAV/drone buatan dalan negeri, karena memang keberadaan drone ini dapat membantu tugas manusia dalam bidang tertentu, maka dari itu peneliti tertarik untuk membuat desain konsep UAV untuk keperluan misi trainer dengan konfigurasi sayap morphing  yang akan diperuntukkan untuk pilot pemula sebagai syarat untuk memperoleh sertifikasi pilot drone. Dengan menggunakan perhitungan menggunakan metode Anderson didapatkan luaran perhitungan yang akan dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam penyusunan dan manufaktur konseptual desain pesawat yang akan di dibuat. Didapat estimasi berat awal pesawat UAV meniru Cessna 172 dengan konfigurasi sayap morphing untuk keperluan misi trainer sebesar 5,375433 lb dengan panjang fuselage  5,15304 ft, dan bentang sayap sebesar 5,266345 ft yang diposisikan di atas fuselage, serta ditenagai oleh 1 engine motor brushless sebesar 0,129642 hp.
Perancangan Mesin Penggulung Dinamo Semi-Otomatis
Authors: Nur Rohmat Yusup , Rachmatullah  , Maulana Akbar Rizky , Badruzzaman  , Van Gunawan Leo , Ardhian Nugroho Octavianus
Published: April 2023

Industri rumahan untuk perbaikan dinamo di Desa Sindang Kecamatan Sindan Kabupaten Indramayu, dalam menjalankan usahanya untuk memperbaiki motor-motor listrik, dinamo, maupun trafo-trafo distribusi dilakukan secara manual menggunakan mechanical counter. Kerusakan yang sering terjadi pada perlatan-peralatan tersebut terjadi pada kumparan, biasanya disebabkan kelebihan muatan sehingga terbakar. Proses menggulung kumparan/lilitan pada dinamo bisa dilakukan secara manual maupun dengan menggunakan mesin penggulun. Jenis mesin penggulung yang biasa digunakan Industri rumahan dinamo di Desa Sindan Kecamatan Sindang Kabupaten Indramayu masih menggunakan mechanical counter. Ketelitian dari jumlah lilitan mempengaruhi hasil akhir dari kualitas perbaikan yang dihasilkan, selain dari jenis kawat lilitan yang diterapkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian eksperimen kuantitatif. Sehingga didapatkan hasilnya bahwa proses otomatisasi mesin penggulung dinamo sukses diterapkan. Pembacaan hasil dengan menggunakan limit switch masih belum bisa diterapkan pada putaran yang tinggi (diatas 1 rpm), hal ini bisa diperbaiki dengan menggunakan sensor yang lainnya (Optocoupler Photoelectric). Pada hasil perencanaan perhitungan dari mesin penggulung dinamo semi otomatis didapatkan momen inersia sebesar 49.092,6mm2, displacement sebesar 200,1, pembebanan 4.924,8 kg.mm dan tegangan terbesar senilai 10.050 N/m2 sedangan tegangan terkecil 0,087 N/m2.
ANALISA PERPINDAHAN PANAS HEAT EXCHANGER MESIN INDUK (STUDI KASUS: KM. SUMBER MUTIARA)
Authors: Yaqin Rizqi Ilmal , Huda Miftahul , Tumpu Mula , Priharanto Yuniar Endri , Siahaan Juniawan Preston , Demeianto Bobby , Priyambodo Bambang Hari , Umar Mega Lazuardi
Published: April 2023

Heat exchanger (HE) is a component of the main engine cooling system that plays a very important role in the process of changing the fluid temperature by exchanging the amount of heat with other fluids. The use of HE in the main engine cooling system should be considered in controlling after operation. HE performance can be analyzed using heat transfer analysis in the form of heat absorbed by HE (Q), LMTD and heat transfer coefficient (U). This study aims to analyze heat transfer in the form of calculations of absorbed heat, LMTD and heat transfer coefficient on the main engine HE KM Sumber Mutiara. This study measures the temperatures of fresh water and sea water entering and leaving the HE. In addition, measurement of water discharge and determination of the dimensions of the HE used for the main engine cooling system of KM Sumber Mutiara. This research shows that the highest heat value absorbed by HE (Q) is at RPM 1200 at 44.85 kJ/s, for the LMTD value at RPM 1000 at 45.69 oC and for the U value at RPM 1100 at 824 W/m2. oC. HE main engine KM Sumber Mutiara has not maximized its performance due to the fouling factor from sea water. The need for preventive maintenance and additional filters on the KM Sumber Mutiara Main Machine Heat Exchanger to increase the effectiveness of the HE.
THE CONCEPT OF THE SOFT SKILLS AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: KORNIIENKO Inokentii , BARCHI Beata
Published: April 2023

The article substantiates the importance of the formation of soft skills and emotional intelligence in the context of studying at a higher education institution. The struggle to get a job and keep it is getting harder because of shifting educational patterns, the flexibility of educational programs, and the abundance of highly skilled workers. Students are forced to supplement their hard talents with soft skills to show their actual potential to get an advantage over rivals. When compared to soft skills, which are self-developed, interactive, communicative, human, and transferrable capabilities, it has been proved that hard skills are academic abilities, experience, and degree of competence. This is very important nowadays to know the answer to the question of what is meant by the term soft skills and emotional intelligence. The article draws on various sources in literature to define the concept and it has been explored how soft skills and EI are important to everyone in every context. It entails the involvement of personal aspects within any relationship. Soft skills are important to students, as they are linked to job performances and career development; they are crucial for employees who need to manage their interactions and emotions to interact effectively with customers and get engaged with the workplace missions; for management and leadership skills, as they help lead teams towards common and shared goals, accomplish organizational missions and support organizations in their future directions and visions.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕКСПЕРТНОГО ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО КОНСУЛЬТУВАННЯ В ОСВІТНІХ ЗАКЛАДАХ
Authors: ПЕТЯК Олена , ОКСЮТОВИЧ Марина
Published: April 2023

У статті розглядається питання експертного психологічного консультування в закладах загальної середньої освіти та вищих навчальних закладах. Визначено загалом поняття експертного психологічного консультування. Представлені чотири основні підходи до експерт-консультування: 1) базується на концепції психічного здоров’я; 2) адлеріанський; 3) біхевіоральний; 4) заснований на концепції організаційного розвитку. Здійснений огляд основних рівнів експерт-консультацій в закладах освіти в рамках первинної профілактики та розглянуті особливості щодо позитивного впливу на експертні консультування психологів в освітніх закладах.
Sparta ante Portas – von der Aushöhlung der Inneren Führung
Authors: Wiesendahl Elmar
Published: April 2023

In der Bundeswehr wird über die Jahre hinweg zwischen Vertretern der Denkschulen „Athen“ und „Sparta“ eine Richtungskontroverse um den Sinngehalt und die Fortentwicklung der Inneren Führung ausgetragen. War die Innere Führung im Sinne von „Athen“ zunächst noch von der „Armee in der Demokratie“ und vom „Staatsbürger in Uniform“ bestimmt, trat nach den Kampferfahrungen der Bundeswehr in Afghanistan eine Wende Richtung „Sparta“ ein. „Sparta“ steht für eine kriegstüchtige Armee mit einer Sondermoral für den nahezu ausschließlich als Kämpfer verstandenen Soldaten. Die jüngst vom Ukrainekrieg ausgelöste Zeitenwende macht „Sparta“ bis in den Spitzenbereich der Bundeswehr hoffähig.
Islam und Pädagogik
Authors: Twardella Johannes
Published: April 2023

Was kennzeichnet eine islamische Pädagogik? Mit der Einführung des Fachs „Islamische Religion“ an deutschen Schulen stellt sich die Frage: Sind für den Unterricht in diesem Fach nicht nur „westliche“, sondern auch islamische pädagogische Ansätze von Belang? Die Aufsatzreihe bietet einen erstmaligen Zugang zur kaum erforschten Tradition pädagogischen Denkens im Islam, ausgehend von Analysen zum Koran und zum Hadith. Im Fokus steht dabei, welche Position dem Lehrer in dieser Tradition zugeschrieben wird.
Blood Kallikrein-8 and Non-Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Schramm Sara , Krizanovic Nela , Roggenbuck Ulla , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Herring Arne , Keyvani Kathy , Jokisch Martha
Published: April 2023

Background:

Blood kallikrein-8 is supposed to be a biomarker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a precursor of AD dementia. Little is known about the association of kallikrein-8 and non-AD type dementias.

Objective:

To investigate whether blood kallikrein-8 is elevated in individuals with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), which has a higher probability to progress to a non-AD type dementia, compared with cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls.

Methods:

We measured blood kallikrein-8 at ten-year follow-up (T2) in 75 cases and 75 controls matched for age and sex who were participants of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (baseline: 2000–2003). Cognitive performance was assessed in a standardized manner at five (T1) and ten-year follow-up. Cases were CU or had subjective cognitive decline (SCD) at T1 and had naMCI at T2. Controls were CU at both follow-ups. The association between kallikrein-8 (per 500 pg/ml increase) and naMCI was estimated using conditional logistic regression: odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were determined, adjusted for inter-assay variability and freezing duration.

Results:

Valid kallikrein-8 values were measured in 121 participants (45% cases, 54.5% women, 70.5±7.1 years). In cases, the mean kallikrein-8 was higher than in controls (922±797 pg/ml versus 884±782 pg/ml). Kallikrein-8 was not associated with having naMCI compared to being CU (adjusted; OR: 1.03 [95% CI: 0.80–1.32]).

Conclusion:

This is the first population-based study that shows that blood kallikrein-8 tends not to be elevated in individuals with naMCI compared with CU. This adds to the evidence of the possible AD specificity of kallikrein-8.
Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Amyloid-β Plaques in a Murine Alzheimer’s Disease Model
Authors: Sulheim Einar , WiderØe Marius , Bäck Marcus , Nilsson K. Peter R. , Hammarström Per , Nilsson Lars N.G. , Davies Catharina de Lange , Åslund Andreas K.O.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Early detection of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates is a critical step to improve the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) because neuronal damage by the Aβ aggregates occurs before clinical symptoms are apparent. We have previously shown that luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs), which are highly specific towards protein aggregates of Aβ, can be used to fluorescently label amyloid plaque in living rodents.

Objective:

We hypothesize that the LCO can be used to target gadolinium to the amyloid plaque and hence make the plaque detectable by T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods:

A novel LCO-gadolinium construct was synthesized to selectively bind to Aβ plaques and give contrast in conventional T1-weighted MR images after intravenous injection in Tg-APPSwe mice.

Results:

We found that mice with high plaque-burden could be identified using the LCO-Gd constructs by conventional MRI.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that MR imaging of amyloid plaques is challenging but feasible, and hence contrast-mediated MR imaging could be a valuable tool for early AD detection.
Change in the Quick Dementia Rating System Across Time in Older Adults with and without Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Duff Kevin , Wan Laura , Embree Lindsay , Hoffman John M.
Published: April 2023

Background:

The Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS) is a brief, informant-reported dementia staging tool that approximates scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Objective:

The current study sought to examine change in the QDRS across time, which is necessary for clinical and research efforts.

Methods:

One-hundred ten older adults (intact, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], mild AD, classified with Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative criteria) were rated on the QDRS by an informant and had an amyloid positron emission tomography scan at baseline. The informant re-rated each participant on the QDRS after one year. Dependent t-tests compared the entire sample and various subgroups (e.g., cognitive status, amyloid status) on baseline and follow-up QDRS scores.

Results:

In the entire sample, the Total score on the QDRS significantly increased (i.e., worsened) on follow-up ( p < 0.001). When subgroups were analyzed, the MCI and mild AD subjects showed increasing (i.e., worsening) QDRS Total scores (both p < 0.001), but the intact subjects remained stable over time ( p = 0.28). Additionally, those classified as being amyloid positive at baseline showed significantly increased QDRS Total scores at follow-up ( p < 0.001) compared to those who were amyloid negative at baseline, whose QDRS Total scores remained stable over time ( p = 0.63).

Conclusion:

The QDRS can potentially demonstrate worsening functioning status across one year, especially in those who have MCI or mild AD and those who are amyloid positive. Therefore, the current results preliminarily suggest that the QDRS may provide an efficient tool for tracking progression in clinical trials in AD.
Optimization of microwave assisted extraction and biological activities of total flavonoids from grape seed using response surface methodology
Authors: Wen Yao , Su Caimei , Mai Xueying
Published: April 2023

Aiming to reduce the environmental contamination and resource wastage generated by discarded grape seed, the management of discarded grape seed should be carried out and their potential bioactivities and pharmacological properties ought to be exploited to the fullest extent possible. A Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology was employed to further optimize microwave-assisted extraction setting for grape seed total flavonoids (GSFE). In addition, the extract (GSFE) of total flavonoids obtained were refined through AB-8 macroporous resin for obtaining more pure flavonoid (GSFP) with determination of their in vitro hypoglycemic activity and antioxidant activity. The results indicated that following optimized extraction conditions were achieved: ethanol concentration 50% liquid-solid ratio 21:1 mL/g, microwave power 540 W, microwave time 126 s. Below mentioned conditions, the extraction yield reached an average experimental value (1.979 mg/g), representing 1.69 times higher than that of water extraction (1.17 mg/g). In contrast to GSFE, the purity of GSFE after purification (GSFP) exhibited a high degree of purity at 13.753 mg/g, representing nearly 2.50 times that of GSFE (3.926 mg/g). GSFP possessed high α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities as well as DPPH and ABTS+ free radical scavenging activities with an IC50 value of 0.00641, 0.0257, 0.0669 and 0.0708 mg/mL, inferior to that of GSFE (0.0514, 0.186, 0.129 and 0.223 mg/g). Within present work, the microwave technique for extraction of total flavonoids from grape seeds was investigated with an efficient and cost-effective extraction method. Total flavonoids of grape seeds have certain in vitro blood glucose and antioxidant activity, and the purified total flavonoid biological activity has improved, laying the foundation for further study of its pharmacological activity.
Computational bipolar fuzzy soft matrices with applications in decision making problems
Authors: Khan Madad , Anis Saima , Ahmad Sarfraz , Zeeshan Muhammad
Published: April 2023

A fuzzy soft matrix is a type of mathematical matrix that combines the principles of fuzzy set theory and soft set theory. It is used to handle uncertainty and vagueness in decision-making problems. Fuzzy soft matrix theory cannot handle negative information. To overcome this difficulty, we define the notion of bipolar fuzzy soft (BFS) matrices and study their fundamental properties. We define products of BFS matrices and investigate some useful properties and results. We also give an application of bipolar fuzzy soft matrices to decision-making problems. We propose a decision-making algorithm based on computer programs under the environment of the bipolar fuzzy soft sets.
RETRACTED: Detection and classification of cracks and potholes in road images using texture descriptors
Authors: Fernandes Anita Maria da Rocha , Cassaniga Mateus Junior , Passos Bianka Tallita , Comunello Eros , Stefenon Stefano Frizzo , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: April 2023

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Engine misfire fault diagnosis based on SC–ANFIS
Authors: Zhu Sheng , Tan Min Keng , Lim Kit Guan , Chin Renee Ka Yin , Chua Bih Lii , Teo Kenneth Tze Kin
Published: April 2023

Misfire fault is a common engine failure which is caused by incomplete combustion in the engine cylinders. Conventionally, the misfire fault is diagnosed manually by mechanics, but the diagnosis process is time-consuming. Therefore, this study aims to explore the feasibility of using Subtractive Clustering based Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (SC-ANFIS) algorithm to assist in diagnosing misfire faults. The Subtractive Clustering (SC) approach initializes the parameters of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), whereas Back Propagation (BP) and Least Square Estimation (LSE) approaches are implemented to optimize the ANFIS parameters. The proposed algorithm will pre-diagnose the cause of misfire faults based on the engine exhaust gas. In this work, exhaust gases for different causes of misfire faults are collected from Volkswagen 1.8TSI 4-cylinder petrol engine. These collected data are used to train the proposed algorithm. The performances of the proposed algorithm are compared to two commonly used algorithms, namely Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering based ANFIS (FCM-ANFIS) and BP algorithms. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm has improved 2.4% to 5.5% averagely in terms of accuracy, efficiency and stability.
Deep learning based web service recommendation methods: A survey
Authors: Mecheri Karima , Klai Sihem , Souici-Meslati Labiba
Published: April 2023

Web service recommender systems have a fundamental role in the selection, composition and substitution of services. Indeed, they are used in several application areas such as Web APIs and Cloud Computing. Likewise, Deep Learning techniques have brought undeniable advantages and solutions to the challenges faced by recommendations in all areas. Unfortunately, the field of Web services has not yet benefited well from these deep methods, moreover, the works using these methods for Web services domain are very recent compared to the works of other fields. Thus, the objective of this paper is to study and analyze state-of-the-art work on Web services recommender systems based on Deep Learning techniques. This analysis will help readers wishing to work in this field, and allows us to direct our future work concerning the Web services recommendation by exploiting the advantages of Deep Learning techniques.
Some modified picture fuzzy average aggregation operators with priority roles of stakeholders in implementation of education 4.0
Authors: Razzaq Ayesha , Riaz Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Picture fuzzy sets (PFSs), the generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), are more capable of dealing with vague data in real-life problems. Models based on PFSs may be suitable particularly in those circumstances where human perceptions become challenging as well as various kinds of reasoning, like yes, no, abstention, or denial. The aggregation operators (AOs) are essential components in information aggregation as they have the ability to aggregate a group of fuzzy numbers into a single fuzzy number of the same kind. A lot of aggregation operations for PFSs have been developed. Nevertheless, the existing aggregation operators for picture fuzzy information are inaccurate as they fail to aggregate a group of picture fuzzy numbers into a single picture fuzzy number (PFN). To cover the drawbacks of existing AOs, we developed some modified picture fuzzy aggregation operators (PFAOs) named as picture fuzzy modified weighted averaging (PFMWA), picture fuzzy modified ordered weighted averaging (PFMOWA) and picture fuzzy modified hybrid averaging (PFMHA) aggregation operator along with their distinctive features. These operators are essential in developing new multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques. This paper defines a number of stakeholder roles (or tactics), with an objective of overcoming the challenges to executing Education 4.0 (EDUC4) that have recently been highlighted in the literature. A MCDM problem provides the basis for the evaluation of the responsibilities of the stakeholders with respect to these constraints. Several management concerns are provided as stepping stones for the development of EDUC4 implementation. The purpose of this study is to identify the qualities that influence the degree of optimism for the adoption and implementation of the EDUC4 in Pakistan’s education system while taking government policies into account.
Camel (Camelus dromedarius) raw milk’s hypotensive roles within chemical induced hypertension model in rats
Authors: Dogondaji R.A. , Lawal M. , Wasagu R.S.U. , Yakubu A.
Published: April 2023

Dromedary camels ( Camelus dromedarius) inhabit not only arid areas but are among common domestic animals that are normally kept for numerous uses. It’s raw milk (CM) is believed to have exceptional nutraceutical value in addition to it’s other uses similar to camel itself. This study aimed to evaluate hypotensive efficacy of raw CM within context of chemical induced hypertension model in albino rats. Rats received the chemical; L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight/day, p.o.) and amlodipine (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) as negative and positive controls for 4 weeks. Rats of treatment group received concurrently L-NAME (50 mg/kg body weight /day, p.o.) and raw milk of camel at (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight/day p.o.) respectively for 4 weeks. Result showed significant decrease ( p < 0.001) in treatment relative to negative control in all measured parameters viz systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures in accordance to the used dosages. Also elevated levels of liver/kidney biomarkers in negative control became reduced compared to normal and positive controls courtesy of CM treatment. In conclusion, obtained data revealed CM to be effective in controlling hypertension. The bioactive constituents present in CM appeared likely to be responsible for the observed effect of antioxidant action and ACE inhibition. Evidence is thus provided from research findings that raw CM can afford efficient hypotensive effect.
Cortical visual impairment at birth can be improved rapidly by vision training in adulthood: A case study
Authors: Pandey Ashim , Neupane Sujaya , Adhikary Srijana , Vaidya Keepa , Pack Christopher C.
Published: April 2023

Background: Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a severe loss of visual function caused by damage to the visual cortex or its afferents, often as a consequence of hypoxic insults during birth. It is one of the leading causes of vision loss in children, and it is most often permanent. Objective: Several studies have demonstrated limited vision restoration in adults who trained on well-controlled psychophysical tasks, after acquiring CVI late in life. Other studies have shown improvements in children who underwent vision training. However, little is known about the prospects for the large number of patients who acquired CVI at birth but received no formal therapy as children. Methods: We, therefore, conducted a proof-of-principle study in one CVI patient long after the onset of cortical damage (age 18), to test the training speed, efficacy and generalizability of vision rehabilitation using protocols that had previously proven successful in adults. The patient trained at home and in the laboratory, on a psychophysical task that required discrimination of complex motion stimuli presented in the blind field. Visual function was assessed before and after training, using perimetric measures, as well as a battery of psychophysical tests. Results: The patient showed remarkably rapid improvements on the training task, with performance going from chance to 80% correct over the span of 11 sessions. With further training, improved vision was found for untrained stimuli and for perimetric measures of visual sensitivity. Some, but not all, of these performance gains were retained upon retesting after one year. Conclusions: These results suggest that existing vision rehabilitation programs can be highly effective in adult patients who acquired CVI at a young age. Validation with a large sample size is critical, and future work should also focus on improving the usability and accessibility of these programs for younger patients.
Ciliopathy gene variants and perioperative respiratory outcomes in infants with heterotaxy syndrome and congenital heart disease
Authors: Marquez Jonathan , Carlozzi Lauren N. , Miller Danny E. , Files Matthew D. , Kinghorn BreAnna , Sagiv Eyal
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Ciliary dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of both heterotaxy syndrome and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), often with overlapping genetic variants. OBJECTIVE: This case series aims to describe genetic testing and postoperative outcomes for infants with heterotaxy-associated congenital heart disease (H-CHD) with pathogenic variants in genes associated with ciliary structure or function. METHODS: Infants who underwent surgery for H-CHD between 2017 and 2022 were included in this single-center review. The results of genetic testing, microarray or sequencing-based tests, were reviewed. Baseline clinical data and postoperative outcomes are summarized for individuals with variants in ciliary genes. RESULTS: Of 32 infants who underwent surgery, 12 had sequencing-based testing. A genetic variant associated with ciliopathy was reported in 10 of 12 infants (83%), 3 (25%) were diagnostic of PCD and 2 (17%) were considered possibly diagnostic. Infants with variants in ciliary genes had high prevalence of postoperative respiratory complications, however a relationship between genetic test results and respiratory complications could not be proven. All infants with a genetic diagnosis of PCD showed clinical symptoms of PCD on follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Sequencing-based testing has high detection rate for PCD in infants with H-CHD and may be valuable given their increased risk of respiratory complications after surgery.
Dual spectral limited-angle CT imaging regularized by edge-preserving diffusion and smoothing
Authors: Qin Yanwei , Zhang Yinghui , Lu Xin , Zhao Yunsong , Zhao Xing
Published: April 2023

Limited-angle CT scan is an effective way for nondestructive inspection of planar objects, and various methods have been proposed accordingly. When the scanned object contains high-absorption material, such as metal, existing methods may fail due to the beam hardening of X-rays. In order to overcome this problem, we adopt a dual spectral limited-angle CT scan and propose a corresponding image reconstruction algorithm, which takes the polychromatic property of the X-ray into consideration, makes basis material images free of beam hardening artifacts and metal artifacts, and then helps depress the limited-angle artifacts. Experimental results on both simulated PCB data and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
PAPNet: Convolutional network for pancreatic cyst segmentation
Authors: Li Jin , Yin Wei , Wang Yuanjun
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Automatic segmentation of the pancreas and its tumor region is a prerequisite for computer-aided diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we focus on the segmentation of pancreatic cysts in abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, which is challenging and has the clinical auxiliary diagnostic significance due to the variability of location and shape of pancreatic cysts. METHODS: We propose a convolutional neural network architecture for segmentation of pancreatic cysts, which is called pyramid attention and pooling on convolutional neural network (PAPNet). In PAPNet, we propose a new atrous pyramid attention module to extract high-level features at different scales, and a spatial pyramid pooling module to fuse contextual spatial information, which effectively improves the segmentation performance. RESULTS: The model was trained and tested using 1,346 CT slice images obtained from 107 patients with the pathologically confirmed pancreatic cancer. The mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and mean Jaccard index (JI) achieved using the 5-fold cross-validation method are 84.53% and 75.81%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed new method in this study enables to achieve effective results of pancreatic cyst segmentation.
Modeling the structure and evolution of cultural information as Quasispecies
Authors: Stevenson David
Published: April 2023

We present a novel model of culture that directly relates biological evolution with modern aspects of cultural evolution. The model considers the high rate of error in communication and builds on structural and evolutionary similarities between biological molecules and written language. Firstly, both written language and biological molecules are modular. Within RNA and polypeptide molecules there are structural domains that may be recombined while maintaining their function. Likewise, sentences are structured as combinations of clauses, in which each clause contains a domain of information. The clausal structure permits the recombination of information to adopt different meanings, while allowing each unit to retain its identity. Secondly, we show that some, but not all, aspects of communicated culture have a high error rate, ensuring that information exists as rapidly evolving clouds within the population. Through their intrinsically high rate of mutation, clouds of cultural information are analogous to viral quasispecies and may be modelled as such. We then integrate these ideas with the application of Shannon Diversity Index to produce a more holistic view of culture that is centered on the evolution of information. Re-imagining culture, as evolving clouds of information, unifies the mode in which information is stored culturally and biologically, and opens up new avenues of comparative analysis.
Practical imaging algorithms in ultra-wideband radar systems using active aperture synthesis and stochastic probing signals
Authors: Zhyla Simeon , Volosyuk Valerii , Pavlikov Vladimir , Ruzhentsev Nikolay , Tserne Eduard , Popov Anatoliy , Shmatko Oleksandr , Havrylenko Olena , Kuzmenko Nataliia , Dergachov Kostiantyn , Averyanova Yuliya , Sushchenko Olga , Zaliskyi Maksym , Solomentsev Oleksandr , Ostroumov Ivan , Kuznetsov Borys , Nikitina Tatyana
Published: April 2023

The subject of the manuscript is the algorithms for radar imaging. This research develops imaging methods and algorithms for wideband and ultrawideband active aperture synthesis systems with antenna arrays and stochastic probing signals. The use of antenna arrays makes it possible to obtain radar images without the need to move radar or antenna system in space. The use of wideband and ultra-wideband stochastic probing signals is justified by their narrow autocorrelation functions. This increased the resolution of the obtained images. The main idea of the proposed algorithms is to filter the original wideband signal into several narrowband processes. Furthermore, only the central frequencies of each narrowband signal were processed. This approach allows us to use the classical widespread methods of aperture synthesis for the case of a wideband signal. Usually, they are applicable only for narrowband signals that satisfy the condition of a quasi-monochromatic approximation. This significantly reduces the overall computational complexity of the imaging algorithm, which simplifies its further practical implementation on the existing radioelement base. Because of the simulation, a primary radar image has been obtained and the overall performance of the proposed approach to processing wideband signals has been confirmed. An increase in the quality of the obtained image when using a multiple of frequency ranges is shown. An experimental study of the effect of processing a wideband signal only at its centre frequency instead of the entire frequency band is conducted. During the experiment, the correlation functions of the signals received by two spaced receivers were obtained. As a result, the Van Cittert-Zernike theorem has been experimentally confirmed. It allows signal processing only at its centre frequency instead of the entire frequency band. Simultaneously, the prospect of expanding the bandwidth of the probing signal is indicated. It, in the presence of a wideband element base and devices for high-speed signal processing, will further increase the imaging resolution of a radar system.