bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insulation: What to specify and why
Authors: Wilson Mark
Published: July 2024

Insulation products have developed significantly with technological advances, with the development criteria remaining largely centred around performance. Legislation has acted as the catalyst for development, from the basic requirements under Building Regulations AD Part L, to compliance with government carbon reduction targets, driven through advanced programmes such as the Code for Sustainable Homes and BREEAM. It might be argued that legislation is driving technology. Consequently, technology has contrived to produce a range of products that are perceived to ‘just work’, presenting little apparent difference between them. But if specifiers can better understand how heat transfer principles influence insulation performance, and how insulation operates at its core level, there is the opportunity to insulate our buildings to a maximum and appropriate level with the confidence that specified performance can be sustained throughout the lifetime of the building. The installed performance of an insulation product is greatly reliant upon not only the adherence of contractors to manufacturers and general best practice workmanship requirements, but also the suitability of the insulant specified to its installed location.
The heart makes the mouse: Disney's approach to brand loyalty
Authors: James Jeff
Published: July 2024

One defining factor of the Disney brand is an unwavering loyalty from guests (Disney-speak for customers). This loyalty not only helps drive the company's success but also creates a unique dilemma: the need for continued growth and innovation while maintaining the core values set forth by Walt Disney himself. How exactly does Disney do it? And can this success be achieved with other brands, in other industries? Disney believes it can, and, through Disney Institute, spends countless hours each year with businesses, institutions and non-profits across a variety of sectors, sharing the guiding principles that have shaped Disney's approach to the customer experience, which ultimately results in brand loyalty.
`Relaunching Titanic: Memory and Marketing in the New Belfast Edited` by William J.V. Neill, Michael Murray and Berna Grist
Authors: Bereskin Emily
Published: July 2024

Relaunching Titanic: Memory and Marketing in the New Belfast; Edited by William J.V. Neill, Michael Murray and Berna Grist; Reviewed by Emily Bereskin.
Birds of a feather still flock together: The continuing relevance of geodemographics
Authors: Leventhal Barry
Published: July 2024

The science of geodemographics was launched in the UK and US markets in the late 1970s, and has been in continuous use for the best part of 40 years. This paper has three main roles. First, it reminds readers about the geodemographic approach. Secondly, in order to demonstrate that neighbourhood segments can actually predict consumer behaviour within small areas, the paper describes an experiment which was conducted to test this hypothesis. Finally, it explains why the science continues to be relevant today, even though the marketer now has access to vastly more detailed, specific and timely information on each consumer.
Why becoming demand driven is crucial for a successful digital transformation
Authors: Rigoni Patrick
Published: July 2024

As companies are moving aggressively to digitally transform their supply chains, one needs to take a step back and consider the facts. Many digital transformations in supply chain fail to deliver. Operational and financial performance in many manufacturing organisations is not improving. Something is going wrong. This paper explores what it is that is going wrong: namely that supply chains are designed based on a theoretical model that is not matched to reality and that the increase in volatility experienced in today’s environment is bringing supply chains to their breaking points. Digital transformations therefore may often make things worse by accelerating bad practices and the speed at which managers take wrong decisions. To redress things, companies need to redesign and operate their supply chains to reflect how supply chains really work. Then, and only then, can digitisation and automation be successfully used to increase operational performance, cash flow and returns on invested capital (ROIC).
Managing interest rate risk in the banking book using an optimisation framework
Authors: Ozdemir Bogie , Sudarsana Gokul
Published: July 2024

The art of managing interest rate risk in the banking book is becoming topical again with the recent release of the Basel Consultative document as well as the banks’ need to generate interest income in a persistently low and flat interest rate environment. Interest rate risk in the banking book is traditionally managed by considering the tradeoff between short-term income volatility and the longer-term economic value of equity (EVE) volatility: the tradeoff between risk (of earnings and/or EVE decline due to adverse interest rate movement) and return (of net interest rate income and potential increase in EVE due to favourable interest rate movements). Although these are old and well-understood concepts, these risk vs return frameworks are at best implicit in many organisations, leaving room for suboptimisation. Another area of improvement is with respect to simplistic risk appetite frameworks, in many cases limited to sensitivity analysis (eg parallel shocks, etc), which can neither capture the true variety of interest rate movements nor be conceptualised. In this paper, we introduce a dynamic optimisation framework for explicitly managing interest rate risk and the return in the banking book. We also define the risk appetite in a manner that can be conceptualised and directly calibrated to an organisation’s risk preferences and tolerances.
Sustainable finance statistics: Progress, challenges and leveraging digital tools
Authors: Artman Merve , Bui Quang Pierre , Demski Jakub , Esham Nadia , Izzati Nur , Kling Leah , Nefzi David , Peronaci Romana , Schlitzer Christine , Schmieder Christian , Seyhun Ömer Kayhan , Tissot Bruno , Triebskorn Elena , Yang Huiming
Published: July 2024

Sustainable finance has attracted increased attention in recent years, and, in turn, the availability of relevant data has become a primary concern. What is currently unclear is how to set up adequate statistical frameworks, to address the associated challenges while benefitting from emerging new opportunities. Given their dual role as both compilers and users of official statistics, central banks are particularly well placed to contribute to these topics. Their experience suggests that making further progress calls for, first, understanding the importance of environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues for the conduct of economic and financial public policies and, second, carefully taking stock of the important statistical compilation initiatives already in train. The third step is to identify sustainable finance information needs and address the related data gaps. Lastly, there is value in leveraging the various opportunities provided by alternative data sources and technology innovation, including through the offering of new digital tools. This paper analyses central ESG issues.
Relationship rewards: A deeper dive
Authors: Legters Robert , Land Troy
Published: July 2024

Relationship rewards offers the ability to reward account holders with additional reward earnings opportunities for using eligible products and services, as well as for the cumulative value of the entire customer relationship. Such earnings can be used by consumers for all sorts of high perceived value items, ranging from cash to discounts on products and services, to merchandise and travel items, driving higher customer engagement and more profitable relationships for the financial institution. There are many benefits in relationship rewards programmes for a financial institution, including: increased retention rates; increased revenue (acquisition/ lift/profit mix); higher perceived value; competitive advantage; and higher satisfaction. This paper explores the many customer and financial institution benefits, as well as the many success factors needed for an institution to plan, design and execute a solid relationship rewards programme successfully.
Interim dilapidations
Authors: Sullivan Christopher
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the issues associated with taking action against a tenant for failure to comply with covenants relating to the physical condition of leased property. It will cover the options available to a landlord, including forfeiture and re-entering and undertaking works (Jervis v Harris). It is almost impossible for a tenant to be fully compliant throughout their entire lease term. Commercial leases in the UK are a unique form of contract in that regard. The lease is almost always in breach; it is just a question of whether the conditions are suitable to enforce the breaches. With this backdrop the paper will explore the following: why tenants fail to maintain buildings properly; why landlords make claims during the lease; which covenants can be enforced; and ways of enforcing a breach of covenant. It ends with suggesting some practical steps and likely future initiatives.
Extending the airport boundary: Connecting physical security and cybersecurity
Authors: Willemsen Bert , Cadee Menno
Published: July 2024

Airports are more and more dealing with considerable challenges towards effective airport security. The authors introduce a practice about creating a platform for sharing information and knowledge to defend airports against cyber and terror attacks. The threat is shifting from airside to landside, towards public areas. Security should be integrated into the design of the passenger journey, and the security boundary should be extended. This practice not only identifies zones with specific characteristics within the passenger journey but also connects vertical zones to infrastructure outside the airport perimeter. Access control, third-party supply chain and airports being part of a broader business network should not limit security to physical access but also include digital access, including insider threat. This initiative is translating general best practices into solutions against specific risks in determined areas. For cybersecurity as a start, it focuses on the baggage handling system (BHS) being industrial operating machines. Especially this baggage handling is a ‘forgotten’ area for (cyber)security. Airports tend to extend and build on existing equipment and therefore old programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and industrial (digital) equipment designed with an operational focus are still in use and often connected to newly installed machines. Since the main focus within airports is often on other areas, the implementation of European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) Std. 3 brings additional risks for BHSs to airports. Creating this (cyber)security information-sharing platform could build a road map for security to be shared with other airports. Implementation of location-based security, through monitoring of communication of surrounding control systems, will input identified specific BHS threats into the platform. After this first assessment of the BHS, the scope and the number of airports or external parties involved could be expanded.
Rebuilding, rebranding and regenerating Manchester
Authors: Kellie Euan
Published: July 2024

The paper outlines how Manchester city centre has been transformed over the past twenty years with a particular focus on the rebuilding following the terrorist attack in June 1996. It seeks to present the people, the partnerships and the processes that have made this happen; and how, in so doing, Manchester was successfully repositioned and rebranded following years of economic decline.
Looking to the future of commerce: Retail transformation as connected consumers embrace smart homes and smart stores
Authors: Morrison Gwen , Marcotte David
Published: July 2024

Retail has undergone disruption every 10 years on average owing to economics, format innovation, and, most recently, technology transformation. We envision this landscape will go far beyond the shift towards e-commerce. This paper reviews technology of the future that will affect the industry, with predictions of how consumers will be likely to adapt. It is informed by extensive fieldwork throughout the world1, 2 and the authors’ combined experience in retail and technology. Beyond commerce, we see all industries facing a future of transformation. But retailers have historically coped with disruption, and we believe the dramatic pace of changes and opportunity facing them can be a playbook for executives in all businesses. Retailers have to operate 24/7, 365 days a year — at full speed and with narrow margins. An immense challenge is making step changes while not simply discarding existing mission-critical infrastructure. The retail industry will enter this unknown future with existing systems that must become far more effective with incremental technology, digitally enhanced employees and pervasive data management across the whole organisation. In other words, they must operate with the capabilities they have for today while transforming for tomorrow. This becomes more complex as smart homes, smart stores and connected cities advance.
Art and culture in regeneration: Tate Modern, Bankside and London
Authors: Serota Nicholas , Hyslop Donald
Published: July 2024

Tate Modern in Bankside, London is the most popular museum of modern art in the world. It is has become a destination attraction where visitors can experience the cavernous Turbine hall, visit the collection and exhibitions, shop and socialise. However, the Tate Modern project has also had a significant part to play in the physical and social regeneration of central and south London. This paper explores how the project has evolved to date, and the challenges we face in the future.
Consider the consequences: Understanding and limiting physical impacts caused by an ICS cyberattack
Authors: Wyman Richard
Published: July 2024

Industrial control systems have significantly improved the quality of life for most of the world’s population by controlling manufacturing processes that produce high-quality products at lower costs. Many products would be impossible to manufacture without the speed and accuracy provided by these computerised marvels. They are also crucial in transporting people (airlines, trains, public transport) and information (voice and data), as well as supporting essential utilities such as electricity, gas, water and sewage. Computerised control systems have also improved operating safety, resulting in fewer injuries, deaths, environmental impacts and equipment damage. Because of their potential to shut down critical infrastructure and cause physical damage, however, they have become high-value targets for cyberattacks. This paper explores the relationship between cyber exploit and physical impact and how engineers and IT specialists can use this understanding to build more robust control systems and processes. It also describes a recently patented controller architecture that prevents the malicious modification of control algorithms from a remote adversary.
Fixed income pre- and post-trade transparency
Authors: Singh-Muchelle Arjun
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the requirements under the Markets in Financial
Instruments Directive/Regulation II (MiFID/R II) as they apply to cash bonds,
with particular reference to the calibration of liquidity. The liquidity
calibration will determine which cash bonds will have both pre- and
post-trade transparency applied to them. The paper also provides data to
illustrate the shortcomings of the proposed requirements and highlights
potential changes that could be adopted to make the requirements reflect
market reality.
The pressure cooker of expectations: Research highlighting global corporate real estate trends in 2015
Authors: Sutherland Susan , Martin Jordi
Published: July 2024

C-suite expectations for corporate real estate (CRE) teams have consistently risen every year since the global financial crisis, with demands ranging from reducing occupancy costs to boosting workforce productivity. These expectations have intensified over time into a pressure cooker of challenges. JLL's 2015 ‘Global Corporate Real Estate Trends’ report, based on survey responses from 544 CRE executives in 36 countries, reveals that, while the CRE profession has matured in recent years with greater use of outsourcing, data and analytics and business relationship management, significant further development is required to address corporate demands. Concurrently, CRE teams are constrained in their ability to evolve from ‘tactical manager’ to ‘trusted advisor’. But there is a silver lining: tools are available to help CRE leaders take steps to overcome the obstacles and elevate the profession to a higher level of excellence.
Regeneration and growth in outer London — challenges and opportunities
Authors: Rattu Katrina
Published: July 2024

Global cities face many challenges, London is no different. The push and pull mechanism of population changes, as London continues to attract new talent for growth and the capital necessary to facilitate this, makes London a city of opportunity. However, this brings with it challenges that are to be met with principles of good growth if London is to benefit from it. The current mayor, Sadiq Khan, has set out his ambitions to deliver on the opportunities from the challenges of regeneration and growth. With the emphasis on housing, the south-east London Borough of Bexley approach to growth is best placed to support many of the principles and the broad vision set out in the London Plan (LP).1 This paper outlines the main focus points in our broad growth strategy up until 2050 and how we can accommodate the population changes in London by reconsidering our relationship with London as a gateway location within a key growth corridor. However, the challenges of delivering the LP through our principles of good growth lie in the significant differences between housing, transport and parking. We also touch on how our private company BexleyCo and our master planning approach can help us better control growth. However, the London Plan has a funding gap of some UK £3.1bn per annum, and it needs to be bridged. If not, the potential of regeneration and growth of outer London Boroughs could be significantly pushed back creating more pressure on inner London.
Pulling together the strands: Evaluation of regeneration initiatives as applied to New Deal for Communities
Authors: Lythgoe Anne
Published: July 2024

Charlestown and Lower Kersal New Deal for Communities partnership in Salford has put in place a local evaluation framework which centres on the longitudinal evaluation of individual projects, reviewed by a sub-committee of the Partnership Board. This seeks to complement broader national evaluation work and to ensure that learning and evaluation can be embedded into programme management and review. Pulling together the strands of evaluation, however, relies heavily on locally available information, evaluation skills and a sound framework to achieve meaningful results. Evaluation in this context attempts to answer the complex question: 'Did this project really make a difference, if so how, and what can we learn from it to make more of a difference and share information with others in order to ensure that the benefits are sustained for the future? This, the paper argues, can be achieved through locally based, longitudinal evaluation, which is embedded within the programme management itself. This paper investigates the evaluation techniques which are available and have been tested by the NDC partnership in order to discover, measure and assess the outcomes and impact of regeneration projects, and the learning which can be shared from them.
Making the leap: Expanding a traditional stewardship team into a full-service donor relations and engagement shop
Authors: Armstrong Melanie
Published: July 2024

This paper concerns how the University of Alabama at Birmingham expanded a traditional stewardship team into a full-service donor relations and engagement shop. It looks at the importance of meeting the needs of frontline fundraisers and donors in an ever-changing fundraising landscape.
Takeaways from sanctions enforcement in 2020 and trends in 2021
Authors: Avergun Jodi , Treanor James , Chandhok Shruti
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic years of 2020 and 2021 have by no means been record setting for sanctions enforcement, yet reliance on economic sanctions as a tool of foreign policy remains high for policymakers and regulators on both sides of the Atlantic. In the United States, recent enforcement has seen a reprieve from the very large penalties paid by large financial institutions in prior years. In the United Kingdom, regulators brought only one sanctions-related enforcement action (which targeted the dealings of one of the country’s largest banks) in 2020. Thus far, penalties in 2021, both in number and amount, are similar to those of 2020. Through an examination of these enforcement actions as well as formal regulatory guidance, legal, compliance and risk departments can draw a number of lessons to improve the effectiveness of their organisations’ sanctions compliance efforts. Just as importantly, anticipating the sanctions landscape for the second half of 2021 and beyond can help to avoid surprises and maintain a robust risk-based sanctions compliance programme.
The end of the transition period: Implications for UK data protection after Brexit
Authors: Butler Oliver
Published: July 2024

This paper considers the implications for UK (United Kingdom) data protection after Brexit of the European Union (EU)–UK Withdrawal Agreement, the UK’s prospects of receiving, retaining and valuing a positive adequacy decision from the EU, and the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Schrems II. It highlights that although these developments considerably narrow the scope for post-Brexit divergence from EU data protection law, there remain possibilities that cannot be dismissed as minimal. In particular, it cautions that the potential erosion of data subject rights post Brexit may disproportionately impact members of lower socio-economic groups and Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic individuals. Any adequacy decision will furthermore be subject to ongoing legal challenge and precarity. The UK Government is likely to engage in brinkmanship with the Commission and the CJEU regarding adequacy and its obligations in the Withdrawal Agreement. If the UK fails to gain, or loses, an adequacy decision, then the Standard Contractual Clauses will face a similar set of ongoing legal challenges. The picture is not a happy one.
Howard and Hall: Practical utopians?
Authors: Falk Nicholas
Published: July 2024

This short paper reviews the late Sir Peter Hall’s update of the book that he wrote with Colin Ward — ‘Sociable cities’ — and compares him with Sir Ebenezer Howard as a utopian visionary, strategic planner, visionary and land economist, and suggests the role that new Garden Cities can play in meeting Britain’s housing needs.
Strategic leadership: A study of strategic health leadership (SHELDR) practices among former US military Surgeons General
Authors: Anderson Douglas E. , Vivian Talbot N. , Masterson Brian J. , Johnson James A. , Bruce Green C.
Published: July 2024

This study identifies leader development gaps and strategic health leadership (SHELDR) competencies, explores how a cohort of strategic leaders applies those competencies and makes recommendations to improve development of future leaders. The literature identifies leader development gaps and applicable strategic leadership theories leading to development of the SHELDR Model. A qualitative case study determines which competencies are most applied (or not applied) by a cohort of former Military Health System Surgeons General (SGs). An expert panel compared and contrasted the SHELDR Model, interview results and recommended how to develop future SHELDRs. Transformation, complexity and collaborative leadership theories provide the foundation for the SHELDR Model. SGs selected develops leaders, develops and promotes vision, builds trust, challenges the status quo and actively listens as competencies applied most often. Systems approach, listening, critical thinking, communication and emotional health are identified as competencies to develop. The SGs and the expert panel generally agree on the competencies. Immersive learning, assignment to strategic-level projects, critical thinking and role playing are common recommendations on development of future strategic leaders. To successfully transform complex health systems, SHELDRs need specific competencies — strategic-level leadership competencies. Aspiring and current health leaders will benefit from the insights on developing future leaders. Organisation leader development plans should use the SHELDR Model as a developmental and evaluation guide. Research on other cohorts and the SHELDR’s interrelationship with the competencies and development of more strategic-minded leaders earlier rather than later with the right methods to support health system transformation and better outcomes is required.
Globalisation: The opportunity for UK cities
Authors: Athey Glenn , Lucci Paula
Published: July 2024

Economic globalisation has been accelerating in recent times. Total volumes of trade and foreign direct investment have more than tripled since the 1990s. Yet no one is sure what the implications are for local economies such as cities, especially as the debate tends to be shaped by the perceived economic threats rather than the opportunities that globalisation presents. This paper pragmatically discusses the opportunities and threats and details new strategies for UK cities to create opportunities in the international economy.
Mapping the urban heritage environment : An explorative case study of the entrepreneurial culture of Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Fahmida
Published: July 2024

This paper delves into a location’s historiography to learn more about communities and practices that have contributed to the heritage environment, some of which has been degraded as a result of rapid expansion, megacity migration and failure to conserve the built and cultural heritage. Because of its deep and rich urban historical background, the city of Hyderabad, located in the southern province of Pakistan, was chosen as a case study. The professional communities of Sindh, which once played a vital role in the city’s splendour, as well as the region’s rich culture and economy, are of particular interest in this paper. The analysis adopted an exploratory approach to explore historicity to achieve and preserve its long-term viability, which included engaging with the people who live in those areas. This research explored the rich connections between geography, history and emotions associated with any location, and explains how mapping aids in understanding different elements through their various dimensions. According to the findings of this paper, history as an exploratory tool has the potential to play a transformative role in Hyderabad city, boosting economic development, creativity and improving the efficiency of the historic built environment. The findings of this study inform that in view of its historicity, the socioeconomic aspect of Hyderabad city has significantly generated unique trading trends, society and spaces that provide a ‘sense of place’. Five key elements of the historicity framework developed in this paper include: offshoots of old patterns with revised strategies; designing user-friendly spaces that denote true, authentic and factual claims about the past; regenerating the place using its local products as heritage environments; adopting the historic urban landscapes (HUL) approach as a tool to explore for revitalising heritage; and developing integrated planning.
The journey to patient financial engagement: Lessons learned
Authors: Dauchot Shannon , Adams Kevin , Taylor Angela , Fleming Kevin
Published: July 2024

As health-care consumers face increasing responsibility for medical care costs, health systems have launched innovative programmes to help patients successfully engage in the financial process from pre-service to final billing. Both national and regional organisations are employing automation, optimised workflows and dedicated patient teams to improve transparency and communicate more personally with patients as they make important financial decisions. This article explores how to leverage processes, technology and automation to give patients the full financial picture, access to affordability tools and the ability to self-serve. A host of important steps were used to measure patient preferences with the desired outcome of enabling patients to make self-service payments. Other target outcomes included moving a significant proportion of patients onto self-service payment plans, with the goal of reducing accounts receivable (A/R) days and collection costs while improving patient satisfaction. Also envisioned were digital patient engagement tools that would allow patients to view their entire financial picture, understand costs, self-enrol in payment plans and access critical information, providing convenience and ease of access and making it easier for patients to financially engage while improving the overall patient experience.
Rising damp: Part 1. Case study examples and the Lambeth Pier Test: How to isolate ground-sourced rising damp by the ‘Burkinshaw Test Method’
Authors: Burkinshaw Ralph
Published: July 2024

In a recent technical paper by the author,1 it was shown how moisture can rise significantly in a masonry pier standing in a tray of water. The pier was then given a dpc injection which appeared to work. But that testing of Camberwell Pier did not replicate ‘rising damp’, which has to be ground-sourced. The author now shows real-life examples of damp damage caused by a below-ground source, and describes the commencement of the Lambeth Pier Test by the ‘Burkinshaw Test Method’. Misconceptions concerning the definition of ‘rising damp’ and some inspection techniques are explained.
Payment and settlement systems: The case for mutualised risk mitigation within the Basel II framework
Authors: Grody Allan D.
Published: July 2024

The recent stress in financial markets has called into question some fundamental infrastructure systems that are relied upon to mitigate systemic risk. The US Treasury Secretary and the President's Working Group on Financial Markets have called for a review of the regulation of payment and settlement systems that underpin the mitigation of the risk of intertwined financial firms interacting across the global capital, contract and dealer markets. This paper reports on the underlying components of this stress, the fundamental risk methodologies and data requirements that are flawed, and the possible remedies of further mutualised risk mitigation that regulators and financial institutions should consider.
The airport relevance index: A new tool for advocacy and influence — the case of Toronto Pearson International Airport
Authors: Brown Mike
Published: July 2024

Retaining and building social licence is critical to an airport’s success, but getting the attention of elected officials is becoming harder, particularly given the clamour of voices in the pandemic. Built from data that the airport likely already has, the Airport Relevance Index (ARI) is an affordable, quick and effective way of communicating the importance of the airport to politicians at the geographic level that means the most to them: their ward, district or riding. Using a case study of Toronto Pearson International Airport, an ARI is constructed to show how important the airport is to employment, business competitiveness and emissions reduction targets at the local level. Other dimensions can be easily added depending on the circumstances.
Cladding audits : The problem of combustible cladding and the wider problem of NCBPs and non-compliant building work
Authors: Hills Rodger
Published: July 2024

Governments in Australia and the UK see their duty to the public in the wake of the Grenfell Tower fire in simple terms of making buildings safe through cladding audits and bans on cladding products. But in the process they are largely ignoring the underlying issues that have led to the proliferation of Non-Conforming Building Products (NCBPs) and the even bigger problem of the non-compliant use of building products. By burdening strata/apartment owners with the costs of identification of suspect cladding as well as the costs of rectification, they have unfairly burdened the public and sent the wrong message about building compliance. This paper identifies a more equitable and effective approach to the immediate problem of combustible cladding and the wider problem of NCBPs and non-compliant building work. The paper discusses the need for all parties in the building supply chain to raise their game, how to avoid the incidence of substandard building products, and the need for professional associations to impose more stringent accreditation requirements on their members. Various regulatory and non-regulatory solutions are then proposed to help improve the building regulatory system.
Tracing the path to retail gentrification: Insights from Marvila, Lisbon
Authors: Coutinho Guimarães Pedro Porfírio
Published: July 2024

Retail gentrification is a rising field of research within the wider field of gentrification studies. In this paper we use the old neighbourhood of Marvila in Lisbon as a case study. The information collected from the fieldwork demonstrates the depth of transformations occurring in the commercial fabric of Marvila, which is having a detrimental effect on old stores and the local population. Moreover, it reveals that the current process was triggered by a group of independent investors, whose success is placing them at risk of being displaced. These findings reinforce the existent body of literature on the subject of retail gentrification.
To endow or not to endow? A question of Shakespearean proportions facing higher education today
Authors: Gibert Lisa
Published: July 2024

Just as Hamlet asked the existential question: ‘To be or not to be?’ community colleges are asking a similarly challenging question when it comes to securing long-term financial stability: To create significant endowments or not? Increasingly, this is the interrogative that colleges are engaging with donors as they strive to make their institutions financially sustainable. Because of the transformational roles that endowments can and do play in the complicated puzzles that are higher education budgets, these funding mechanisms have taken on nearly Shakespearean proportions — while at the same time generating Shakespearean-like drama — for a number of institutions trying to defend their endowments or hoping to acquire them in significant amounts. This paper focuses on the role of endowments in higher education institutions, with a particular emphasis on community colleges, which according to the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC), currently educate 41 per cent of all undergraduates in the USA. Undoubtedly, endowments have generated advantages for institutions fortunate enough to have secured them in significant amounts. For the relatively small number of institutions with significant endowed assets, the advantages have been staggeringly disproportional. According to the National Association of College and University Budget Officers (NACUBO), approximately 750 of the nation’s 4,000 degree-granting higher education institutions hold endowed assets totaling more than US$635bn. While these funds are generally viewed favorably because of the critical role they play in keeping universities and colleges operational, there is a growing chorus of criticism aimed at endowments. This is especially true for those so-called elite institutions that hold immense endowed wealth and structural power. As these questioning voices have broken through the din of higher education critique, many institutions hoping to generate significant endowments of their own believe it is becoming very difficult to fundraise for endowed support. They say the elite schools and colleges have essentially sucked the oxygen out of the room, and that has had a dramatic impact on institutions trying to fulfill their missions, especially serving marginalised, non-dominant communities. The criticisms over endowments, coupled with changing views about how endowments should be established and their income distributed, are requiring institutions to look at these long-established funding tools very differently. This paper will explore endowments and how institutions are wrestling with the best ways to create financial stability — especially for community colleges that are taking on more of a responsibility educating and training individuals who have traditionally been left behind.
Fire suppression in historic buildings
Authors: Gibbon David
Published: July 2024

An account of the controversial history of fire suppression as a conservation measure in historic buildings and the increasing acceptance of its benefits in promoting life safety and reducing the damage done by fires to historic building fabric and by conventional firefighting efforts. The article also describes how sprinklers do and do not operate and some situations in which they have been deployed.
Navigating the US Securities and Exchange Commission's evolving expectations for cybersecurity preparedness
Authors: Martinez Vincente L. , Koeppel Erin Ardale , Amorosi Mark
Published: July 2024

The US Securities and Exchange Commission expects its registered broker-dealers, investment advisers and investment companies to implement cybersecurity safeguards through policies and procedures reasonably designed to protect customer records and information, as well as to prepare generally for cybersecurity threats that could undermine the ability to meet regulatory obligations. However, the manner in which registrants are expected to accomplish these goals is uncertain given the SEC's reliance on a principles-based standard, non-specific staff guidance, and the contextualisation of its expectations through enforcement actions. This paper explains the bases of the SEC's approach to cybersecurity preparedness and the challenge of navigating through changing and uncertain expectations, and then offers simple steps to understand and respond to regulatory signals when choosing appropriate cybersecurity measures, as well as memorialising that a firm has acted with the appropriate standard of care.
Influencer marketing: An essential strategy or just a trend?
Authors: Schiniotakis Nikos , Divini Katerina
Published: July 2024

People feel the need to communicate, to exchange ideas, to interact, to learn and to seek ideas, forming beliefs and cultures. Media channels provide a means of communicating and influencing consumers’ perceptions and purchasing decisions. The rise of social media has gained the attention of consumers who are increasingly turning away from traditional media. Within this context, new methods of promoting products, such as influencer marketing, have emerged. Today’s consumers expect more from advertising than traditional promotional methods, and are seeking interaction and engagement. They like to follow the lives of other people, such as friends, celebrities and subject matter experts, and are influenced by their own preferences and suggestions. A successful campaign reaches as many product-related customers as possible and influences them. This can be achieved by influencer marketing through social media, which has become essential to companies’ marketing strategies. This paper takes a deeper look at the strategy of using social media influencers and its contribution to brand awareness. It presents real examples of influencer marketing campaigns and discusses the factors behind their success.
Risk landscape 10 years on: The end of systemic risk or a new beginning?
Authors: Wilson Thomas C.
Published: July 2024

Risk professionals currently put systemic economic risk at its lowest level since 2008, potentially owing to systemic regulatory reform and monetary policy, which have remediated issues with consumer and bank sector balance sheets. In spite of this progress, there is an argument to be made that systemic risk is actually increasing, but driven today by the public sector through high-risk monetary and public policy. The changing source of potential future systemic risks brings into question the potential effectiveness of systemic regulation. Fortunately, best risk management practices remain the same regardless of the source of the next systemic crisis, including stress testing, defining systemic risk appetite and building resilience.
The delicate art of rebranding: Retaining equity while creating a fresh face
Authors: Luck Kristin
Published: July 2024

What can a company do when its brand is recognisable within target publics, but it doesn't really represent the company anymore? Rebranding is a delicate balance of retaining valuable brand equity and awareness, while also grasping any aspects of the business that are missed with a current brand. By conducting a skilful rebrand, companies can avoid becoming stale and stagnant, and let the true values and aspirations shine through. This paper examines an in-depth case study of the author's company rebrand, weighing in on research, branding, web development and public relations’ roles in the process. The author shares on-the-ground experiences to help deconstruct and analyse how companies can hit, or miss, that rebrand balance. This pragmatic and informative paper will help any company in any industry find a starting point for any type of rebranding process. The author provides practical tools for readers to take back to the workplace as they think about what their brand is truly representing to their audiences, and exactly how to hit the middle of the target with their own rebrand.
Using multi-armed bandit experimentation to optimise multichannel digital marketing campaigns
Authors: Thomas Ian
Published: July 2024

Multichannel campaign optimisation using a machine-learning technique called multi-armed bandit experimentation is a powerful, though nascent, alternative to traditional campaign attribution approaches for maximising return on marketing investment. The technique works by treating the various attributes of a digital marketing campaign as combinatorial treatments in an ongoing controlled experiment and continuously optimising delivery towards the combinations that deliver the best results. Performing true multichannel optimisation requires significant investment in experiment design and maturity in data, marketing automation technology and organisational alignment. However, despite these challenges, organisations can start to move towards a full optimisationdriven approach for their digital marketing by identifying campaigns within their existing channels which could benefit from this technique and using those campaigns to establish the appropriate processes and technical capabilities, before scaling out efforts more broadly across multiple channels. This paper provides an overview of this new campaign optimisation approach, including some existing in-market solutions that use it, and examines some of the factors and prerequisites that organisations will need to consider in implementing such a technique.
Playful paragogy: Best practices for using memes for peer-led teaching and debriefing in an undergraduate curriculum
Authors: Eales Owen , Lubbe Irene (Jc)
Published: July 2024

Internationally memes are increasingly being used in medical education to teach students. They are used as a tool to help students learn and remember complex medical concepts but are seldom used to help students debrief after difficult clinical experiences. Moreover, the medical curriculum tends to be delivered in a serious, content-heavy method that leaves little room for this type of creativity, fun and playfulness. Ludic pedagogy and paragogy offer an alternative approach to teaching and interaction and are based on fun, playfulness and student-led interaction within the boundaries of academic rigour. This best practice paper describes the alternative approach the authors used to create a playful, yet important opportunity for student debriefing during a highly stressful period. Method: fifth-year medical students were tasked with a non-graded assignment to create memes that reflect the content of the teaching and the rotation at the local medical clinics. There were no restrictions placed on the visual themes and students had the freedom to explore various sources for images and inspiration. After submission, a competition was launched, and students had the opportunity to discuss the memes and then vote for the best ones. A small cash prize was offered to the winner. Data analysis: after submission of the memes, a thematic analysis (based on the steps created by Creswell and Creswell1) was conducted to identify recurring topics and themes. Six themes were identified namely: view of faculty, online teaching in a pandemic, content taught, view of family medicine as a discipline, clinical interaction and mental health. These themes were then categorised into either content, context or process. Results and discussion: the students diverted from the original assignment where the instruction was to focus on content; however, the memes frequently alluded to aspects that mirrored the students’ current state of mind and their concerns. But it also reflected their humorous take on the content and context. The memes were indicative of the students’ need to air their views in a playful, yet safe environment and the need for frequent debriefing interventions in a serious curriculum and a stressful situation. This best practice paper/project provides evidence of not only the possibilities, but also the dire need to engage with students during turbulent times, in a different, yet rigorous way and to provide a safe environment for the much-needed emotional support and debriefing to support students in navigating challenging clinical situations.
Forecasting lifetime credit losses: Modelling considerations for complying with the new FASB and IASB current expected credit loss models
Authors: Mcphail Joseph , Mcphail Lihong
Published: July 2024

The 2008 financial crisis revealed a critical flaw in the incurred credit loss model. Banks had to wait for losses to incur before increasing loss provisions. As a result, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have both proposed their own versions of a ‘current expected credit loss’ (CECL) model to replace their incurred loss model. The CECL estimate would reflect bank managers’ current estimate of the contractual cash flows that the bank does not expect to collect, based on their assessment of credit risk as of the reporting date. The CECL model is expected to bring increased financial stability along with other benefits. However, the new model poses major implementation challenges, specifically the need to forecast lifetime expected credit losses. This article provides bank managers with the knowledge they need to navigate the most common industry modelling options available to them for addressing these challenges. To do this the authors provide insight into how common credit loss models compare in terms of strengths, limitations and considerations for improving lifetime loss forecasting accuracy.