bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination Campaign in Italy: Towards the Control of HBV Infection for the First Time in a European Country
Authors: Stroffolini Tommaso , Morisco Filomena , Ferrigno Luigina , Pontillo Giuseppina , Iantosca Giuseppina , Cossiga Valentina , Crateri Simonetta , Tosti Maria , the SEIEVA Collaborating Group
Published: January 2022

Background: In 1991, a mass immunization campaign against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for children and teenagers was introduced in Italy. This study evaluated the impact of the immunization campaign on the incidence and modes of HBV transmission. Method: Acute HBV cases of viral hepatitis were reported to the National Surveillance System (SEIEVA). Hepatitis A cases reported to the same system were used as controls to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and the population attributable risk for potential risk factors. Results: The incidence of acute HBV declined from 5.0 in 1990 to 0.4 in 2019 per 100,000 population. The fall was almost total in people targeted by the campaign: in 2019, zero cases (100% reduction) in the age-group 0–14 years and 0.1 cases per 100,000 population (99.4% reduction) in the age-group 15–24 years were reported. In the decade 2010–2019, nearly one-fifth (19.3%) of cases occurred in foreigners. Intravenous drug use is no longer a risk factor (OR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.5–1.02). Beauty treatments, risky sexual exposure, and household contact with an HBsAg carrier were found to be independent predictors of acute hepatitis B. Conclusions: The HB vaccination campaign proved effective in minimising acute HBV in Italy. Control of the infection is close to being reached for the first time in Europe.
Which Type of the Promising COVID-19 Vaccines Produces Minimal Adverse Effects? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Attash Heba M. , Al-Obaidy Luma M. , Al-Qazaz Harith Kh.
Published: January 2022

Since the declaration of Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), it was clear that vaccination is the best way to overcome it. Sinopharm, AstraZeneca and Pfizer were the first vaccines introduced to defeat it. To recognize the short-term adverse effects among Iraqi health care workers (HCWs) after vaccination, the three COVID-19 vaccines that are currently available in Iraq were compared. An online survey was distributed to Iraqi HCWs who had received at least one of the COVID-19 vaccines as part of a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. The total number of participants was 843. The majority of the participants (85.9%) were under 39 years old, with 78.8% of them being females. Around 60% of individuals had received the Pfizer vaccine. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had infected 46.7% of the total participants. A total of 628 out of 843 participants experienced adverse effects after receiving the vaccine, accounting for 74.49% of the overall respondents. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, the vast majority of respondents who received the three vaccines experienced pain at the injection site (n = 800), while other side effects like headache, myalgia, tiredness and fever mainly appeared with Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines. Most of the reported adverse effects were tolerable and self-limited and they were linked to the AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccines.
Empirical, Experimental and Numerical Prediction of Ground-Borne Vibrations Induced by Impact Pile Driving
Authors: Colaço Aires , Ferreira Miguel Antas , Costa Pedro Alves
Published: January 2022

The automatization of construction activities, which aims to reduce the time and cost of constructions, makes impact pile driving an interesting technique. However, these activities in urban areas can generate excessive vibrations and interfere with people and structures in the vicinity. With that in mind, predicting the expected vibration levels during the project design stage is essential. Different methodologies can be employed in this task, from empirical approaches to detailed and complex numerical formulations. This paper intends to present an overview of the empirical methods and the main physics of the problem from a numerical point of view. The results obtained are then compared with experimental vibration data reported in the literature in order to discuss the adequacy of empirical and numerical methodologies in predicting ground-borne vibrations induced by impact pile driving.
Long-Term Monitoring of Water and Air Quality at an Indoor Pool Facility during Modifications of Water Treatment
Authors: Lee Lester T. , Blatchley Ernest R.
Published: January 2022

Previous research has shown that volatile disinfection byproducts (DBPs) can adversely affect the human respiratory system. As a result, swimming pool water treatment processes can play important roles in governing water and air quality. Thus, it was hypothesized that water and air quality in a swimming pool facility can be improved by renewing or enhancing one or more components of water treatment. This study is designed to identify and quantify changes in water and air quality that are associated with changes in water treatment at an indoor chlorinated swimming pool facility. Reductions in aqueous trichloramine (NCl3) concentration were observed following the use of secondary oxidizer with its activator. This inclusion also resulted in significant decreases in the concentrations of cyanogen chloride (CNCl) in pool water. The concentration of urea, a compound that is common in swimming pools and that functions as an important precursor to NCl3 formation, as well as a marker compound for the introduction of contaminants by swimmers, was also reduced after the addition of the activator. Concentrations of gas-phase NCl3 did not decrease after the treatment processes were changed. The collection of long-term water and air quality measurements also allowed for an assessment of the effects of bather load on water and air quality. In general, the concentrations of urea (an NCl3 precursor), liquid-phase NCl3, and gas-phase NCl3 all increased during periods of high swimmer number.
Contemporary Trends in High and Low River Flows in Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Yaseen Muhammad , Latif Yasir , Waseem Muhammad , Leta Megersa , Abbas Sohail , Akram Bhatti Haris
Published: January 2022

The Upper Indus Basin (UIB) features the high mountain ranges of the Hindukush, Karakoram and Himalaya (HKH). The snow and glacier meltwater contribution feeds 10 major river basins downstream including Astore, Gilgit, Hunza, Jhelum, Kabul, Shyok and Shigar. Climate change is likely to fluctuate the runoff generated from such river basins concerning high and low streamflows. Widening the lens of focus, the present study examines the magnitude and timing of high flows variability as well as trends variability in low streamflows using Sen’s slope and the Mann-Kendall test in UIB from 1981 to 2016. The results revealed that the trend in the magnitude of the high flows decreased at most of the sub-basins including the Jhelum, Indus and Kabul River basins. Significantly increased high flows were observed in the glacier regime of UIB at Shigar and Shyok while decreased flows were predominant in Hunza River at Daniyor Bridge. A similar proclivity of predominantly reduced flows was observed in nival and rainfall regimes in terms of significant negative trends in the Jhelum, Kunhar, Neelum and Poonch River basins. The timing of the high flows has not changed radically as magnitude at all gauging stations. For the low flows, decreasing significant trends were detected in the annual flows as well as in other extremes of low flows (1-day, 7-day, 15-day). The more profound and decreasing pattern of low flows was observed in summer at most of the gauging stations; however, such stations exhibited increased low flows in autumn, winter and spring. The decrease in low flows indicates the extension of dry periods particularly in summer. The high-water demand in summer will be compromised due to consistently reducing summer flows; the lower the water availability, the lower will be the crop yield and electricity generation.
Seasonal Variability of the Dynamics and Energy Transport in the Black Sea by Simulation Data
Authors: Demyshev Sergey , Dymova Olga , Miklashevskaya Nadezhda
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an assessment of the seasonal variability of the velocity fields, mean and eddy kinetics, and available potential energies, and the energy conversion rates for the eddy and basin-scale circulation regimes. The data were obtained through the numerical modeling of the Black Sea circulation for 2011 and 2016. It revealed significant differences in the current structure in the southern and central sea parts for 2011 and 2016. In 2011, the Rim Current was an almost continuous cyclonic basin-scale gyre, while in 2016 a system of mesoscale anticyclones was observed in the southern part. The variability of the mean kinetic energy depends more on the circulation regime than on the season of the year, while the distribution of the mean available potential energy is predominantly seasonal. The eddy kinetic energy depends on both the circulation regime and the season. In winter, the energy transport from the mean current via a barotropic instability mechanism sustains the mesoscale eddy generation. In summer, the mesoscale variability in the basin-scale regime is provided by commensurate contributions of barotropic and baroclinic instability, and, in the eddy regime, mainly by the energy transport from the available potential energy through the baroclinic instability.
Photothermal Catalytic Degradation of Lomefloxacin with Nano Au/TiO2
Authors: Duo Jia , Li Wenfeng , Wang Yingji , Wang Shuzhi , Wufuer Rehemanjiang , Pan Xiangliang
Published: January 2022

With the fast development of intensive poultry and aquaculture, the consumption of antibiotics has ever been increasing. Absorbed or metabolized antibiotics usually enter the water environment in the form of active drugs and metabolites, which can enhance the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms and even cause serious water pollution. Considering the bacteriostatic activity of antibiotics, the main biological method used to treat organic waste water has limited efficiency. Herein, we prepared Au/TiO2 for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of lomefloxacin (LOM) antibiotic wastewater. Based on the characteristics of prepared Au/TiO2, the short–wavelength light can be converted into photogenerated carriers with TiO2 support and the long–wavelength light can be converted into heat, likely due to the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Au, synergistically promoting the LOM degradation. This study not only demonstrates that Au/TiO2 is an efficient photocatalyst for LOM degradation, but also further indicates the effectiveness of photocatalytic technology in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.
A Tale of Shaheen’s Cyclone Consequences in Al Khaboura City, Oman
Authors: AlRuheili Amna M.
Published: January 2022

Natural hazards due to climate change have become the new norm in our cities. These events show the vulnerabilities of our cities to extreme conditions, mainly displayed as flash wadi flooding as a result of a short duration of intensive and eroded its shoreline along the coast, resulting in huge impacts, including human losses and urban and infrastructural damages. This study used the urban flood risk mitigation model through an open-source tool—Integrated Evaluation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-off (InVEST)—to estimate the amount of runoff due to two extreme rainfall events for each watershed considered. We used a digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) to quantify the Al Khaboura shoreline erosion as a result of Shaheen’s storm surge. With the DSAS, the model showed that, during the short period of the event, the Al Khaboura coastal line was eroded by 16.33 m/y, representing 7.82% of its coastal line, up to a maximum erosion distance of 1428.5 m. The weighted linear regression showed the average mean rate of shoreline change of 6.79 m/y. These models could provide a clear picture of the city vulnerability to allow us to propose a corrective measure for interventions at local and regional scales.
Recognition of Significant Multi-Element Geochemical Signatures of Lower Soil on Hainan Island, China: Implications for Thermal Mineral Water Exploration
Authors: He Yusheng , Zhang Gucheng , Liu Changzhu , Ruan Ming , Wang Yao , Mao Changping
Published: January 2022

As an important geothermal resource, thermal mineral water has high resource efficiency and thermal energy efficiency. The aim of this study was to delineate prospective areas of thermal mineral water based on potential thermal mineral water sites and faults. Linear regression was used to process the temperature of 22 known thermal mineral water sites as dependent variables, and 54 indices of the lower soil of multipurpose regional geochemical surveys as independent variables, in the area of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks and sediment degeneration rocks on Hainan Island. Published data were quoted from the National Multi-Purpose Regional Geochemical Survey (Hainan Province, China). According to the regressive modelling of 2197 lower soil samples, 547 potential thermal mineral water sites were delineated after considering 4 factors—geological background, regional structure, interval of dependent variable’s predictive temperature, and boundary of independent variable’s contents—which were compared against 22 known thermal mineral water sites to choose the 2197 lower soil samples, based on the choice of prospective sites of thermal mineral water on Hainan Island. The results showed that the proportion of A1-level sites that were >70 °C constituted 11% of all A1-level prospective sites, reflecting the superiority of east–west or north–east directional regional faults in controlling the distribution of thermal mineral water. This study shows the indications of the multipurpose regional geochemical survey with regards to thermal mineral water, which is one of the most important tourist resources of Hainan Island.
Influence of Negatively Buoyant Jets on a Strongly Curved Open-Channel Flow Using RANS Models with Experimental Data
Authors: Wang Xueming , Mohammadian Abdolmajid , Rennie Colin D.
Published: January 2022

Experimental and numerical studies of flow structures in a strongly curved 135-degree laboratory flume were carried out to investigate the influence of negatively buoyant jets using the finite volume method. The performance results of three different turbulence models were investigated by comparing the numerical results with the experimental measurements. The present study demonstrates that fully 3D numerical models are capable of simulating the primary flow pattern in a strongly curved channel with the presence of a negatively buoyant jet. The comparison also shows that the k-omega SST model can satisfactorily predict some of the smaller flow features in bend flow, such as the inner bank circulation cell and the overall form of the vorticity distributions. It was found that the flow distribution and the strength of secondary flow vary due to the interaction between the jet mixing behavior and the secondary flow in the channel bend. The presence of negatively buoyant jets attenuated the development of the outer bank cell as salinity increased. In the inner bank region, flow separation was strengthened by the participation of the negatively buoyant jets.
Dissolved Trace Metals and Organic Matter Distribution in the Northern Adriatic, an Increasingly Oligotrophic Shallow Sea
Authors: Penezić Abra , Gašparović Blaženka , Cuculić Vlado , Strmečki Slađana , Djakovac Tamara , Mlakar Marina
Published: January 2022

We report a monthly distribution of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Co, biologically relevant trace metals (TMs), within one year, in the productive surface layer at two stations with different trophic characters in the northern Adriatic (NA). The TM data was accompanied by a multivariable dataset, including dissolved organic carbon (DOC), surface-active organic substances (SAS), nitrogen-containing polymeric organic material (N-POM), nutrients, pH, dissolved O2, chlorophyll a (Chl a), seawater temperature, and the Po River discharge rate. At the eu- to mesotrophic station 108, the concentrations of dissolved TMs were 5–116 nM for Zn, 0.04–0.18 nM for Cd, 0.05–0.63 nM for Pb, 3–17 nM for Cu, 4–11 nM for Ni, and 0.2–1.2 nM for Co, while at the oligotrophic station 107, they were 6–224 nM for Zn, 0.03–0.16 nM for Cd, 0.05–1.25 nM for Pb, 3–17 nM for Cu, 4–19 nM for Ni, and 0.1–0.7 nM for Co. The characterization of organic matter (OM) in conjunction with the analysis of correlations with TMs indicated that the OM–TMs interactions differed between the two stations; namely, the freshly produced OM detected at station 108 was probably involved in the complexation of Cu, Co, Cd, and Ni, whereas at station 107, such complexation processes were not present. Accumulation of DOC was observed during the summer months at both stations. Our results present a significant contribution to biogeochemical studies in the NA by focusing on the complexity of TM–OM interactions, which is a prerequisite for interpretation of their responses to local and global changes.
Hydro-Damage Properties of Red-Bed Mudstone Failures Induced by Nonlinear Seepage and Diffusion Effect
Authors: Ye Zhenni , Liu Xiaoli , Dong Qinxi , Wang Enzhi , Sun Huan
Published: January 2022

Nonlinear catastrophes caused by geological fluids are a fundamental issue in rock mechanics and the geoengineering hazard field. For the consideration of hydrodynamic force on red-bed mudstone softening damage, X-ray visualization tests on the fissure flow in mudstone block failure under hydrodynamic force was performed in this study based on block scale, and the physical phenomena of fissure seepage and nonlinear diffusion were further explored. A new method for evaluating the hydro-damage degrees of rocks using an X-ray image analysis was proposed, and the quantitative relation of diffusion coefficients of hydro-damage and seepage was established. The research results revealed that the hydrodynamic force promoted the fluid-filled fissure behavior in mudstone specimen failure. Furthermore, the seepage and diffusion phenomena of fluid in rocks during failures were indicated using X-ray imaging. A dual mechanical behavior was presented in the nonlinear seepage and abnormal diffusion of a red mudstone geological body under hydrodynamic conditions. The damaged degree of mudstone was aggravated by the effect of hydrodynamic force, and the initial seepage–diffusion coefficient with respect to lower hydro-damage was larger than the final seepage–diffusion coefficient with respect to higher hydro-damage of rocks with a decreasing nonlinear trend.
Physiological and Shoot Growth Responses of Abies holophylla and Abies koreana Seedlings to Open-Field Experimental Warming and Increased Precipitation
Authors: Jo Heejae , Noulèkoun Florent , Khamzina Asia , Chang Hanna , Son Yowhan
Published: January 2022

Projected changes in temperature and precipitation in mid-latitude wet regions are expected to significantly affect forest ecosystems. We studied the physiological and shoot growth responses of Abies holophylla and Abies koreana seedlings to warming (3 °C above ambient temperature) and increased precipitation (irrigation with 40% of rainfall) treatments under open-field conditions. The physiological parameters, quantified by the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and total chlorophyll content, were monitored from July to October 2018. Shoot growth (i.e., root collar diameter and height) was assessed in August and December 2018. Irrespective of the treatments, the physiological parameters of both species decreased from July to August under warming treatment due to heat stress before recovering in September and October. Warming alone (W) and warming along with increased precipitation (W*P) decreased the physiological activities of both species in July, August, and September, with more pronounced effects on A. koreana compared with A. holophylla. Increased precipitation resulted in the increased chlorophyll content of both species in October. Shoot growth was not generally affected by the treatments, except for a subtle reduction in height under W*P for A. koreana. A. holophylla had consistently higher values for the physiological parameters and shoot growth than A. koreana. Our results indicate that the physiological activities of the Abies species could be seriously reduced under climate change, with a more severe impact on A. koreana. Among the two species, A. holophylla appears to be a more robust candidate for future forest planting.
Features of the formation of labor relations in the Russian Federation in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Research and Monitoring Center ", Dovganenko Aleksandr Anatolievich ,   Labor Conflicts",   , Saint Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions
Published: January 2022

The article is based on the materials of the analytical bulletin of the Center for Monitoring and Analysis of Social and Labor Conflicts of the St. Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions. In the coming 2021, the social and labor situation in the Russian Federation and the conflict potential in the labor sphere continue to be formed under the influence of the development of the COVID-19 pandemic and the unstable global and domestic economic situation. The article presents statistical data on social and labor conflicts, the state of labor markets in single-industry towns, the introduction of lockdowns, strike events. Based on the analysis of changes in the social and labor sphere taking place in the country in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, the author makes a forecast of further changes in social and labor relations in the country.
The organization security: socio-psychological analysis
Authors:   Department of Social Psychology and Social Work, FSBEI HE Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin, Sukhov Anatoliy Nikolaevich
Published: January 2022

This article reveals the relevance of the study of the issue of the social organization security and its essence. In addition, the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, and classification and ensuring various types of security are analyzed. The reliability of the organizational (corporate) security system is associated with overcoming these difficulties. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the most important task is the creation of a general theory of security. At the same time, the theory of various types of security is an integral part of the general theory and practice of its provision. They complement each other. Without this, it is impossible to speak about effective practice of ensuring the security of a social organization.
Theoretical and applied aspects of the implementation of organizational and legal approaches to the development of SMART technologies in the digital educational environment
Authors:   Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law, FSBEI HE Ryazan State University named after S.А. Yesenin, Trykanova Svetlana Anatolievna
Published: January 2022

The article determines the relevance of the development of theoretical and applied approaches to the implementation of SMART technologies in the digital educational environment. The purpose of the study is to formulate the objective characteristics of the concept of "SMART technologies" in education for further implementation in the content of regulatory documents in the field of improving the organizational and legal conditions of the digital educational environment. In the article, within the framework of the interdisciplinary discourse of analysis and the comparative approach, Russian and foreign experience of the implementation of SMART technology in the educational process is summarized. Conclusions are made about the essential components of SMART technologies in a digital educational environment for implementation in specialized regulatory documents. The research results can be used in theoretical and applied research in the field of modernization of the organizational and legal conditions of the educational environment.
Research and project activities of students: social and psychological aspects
Authors:   BI HE KhMAO-Yugra ", Muller Olga Yurievna ,   Surgut State University"
Published: January 2022

The article examines social pedagogical and psychological aspects of the management of research and project activities of students. The role of the concepts of "interest", "creativity", "motivation" and "oversituational activity" in these types of activities, which reveal the essence of project and research activities, is considered. The aim of the study is to research the influence of the role of students' interest on the effectiveness of project and research activities. The novelty of the research topic is expressed by an indication of the high role of students' interest in project and research activities, which in both cases significantly affects the efficiency of the results of projects or research work. The theoretical significance of the study is represented by the considered structural relationships in implementation of project and research activities. The practical significance is expressed by generalized conclusions about the importance of organizing a psychological environment focused on the interests of each student, in which these types of activities are carried out. The methodological basis of the research is a literature review, structural and comparative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the effectiveness of the implementation of project and research activities is largely determined by the flexibility of the approach to learning and the created conditions of the educational environment, contributing to the formation of a positive attitude of students to the proposed educational topics, activities and projects.
Distance learning technologies as a new stage of modern education
Authors:   FSBEI HE Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Russia, Makarova Evgeniya Vldimirovna , Sanzharovskaya Kristina Yurievna ,   FSBEI HE Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Russia
Published: January 2022

This article examines the problem of the formation of communicative and speech skills of students during the process of learning a foreign language through the use of distance technologies. The assessment of the current state of language education on the territory of the Russian Federation is given and the relevance of the use of distance learning forms at the present stage is presented in the article. The purpose of the study is to identify and develop the most effective methods and means of teaching foreign languages using ICT. The authors of the study have presented a number of techniques aimed at developing the communication skills of students on the basis of distance platforms, as well as multimedia tools and resources that are of significant value in the process of teaching a foreign language. The results of the study can be used both in practical pedagogical activities and in further research on the feasibility of using distance learning forms in modern language education.
Attracting foreign investors to sustainable development projects in Russia
Authors:   Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I.I. Ivanova, Russia, Fedorova Marina Nikolaevna
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes foreign direct investment in the economy of the Russian Federation by direct investment instruments (according to the principle of orientation). Direct investments are investments made by legal entities and individuals who fully own an organization or control at least 10% of the shares or the authorized (pooled) capital of the organization. Foreign investors can bring scientific and technological progress and advanced management experience to the country. The purpose of the study is to identify and demonstrate the factors that hinder the development of direct investment activity of foreign investors in Russia. The author presents possible tools for the transformation of financial resources of economic entities, including foreign investments. The key directions of increasing the investment activity of foreign investors in the Russian market have also been developed and proposed. The research methodology consisted of the use of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis of information, economic analysis, the method of abstract logical cognition, which allows, through retrospective analysis, to generalize the theoretical aspects of investment behavior and financial literacy. The work uses the scientific results of Russian scientists posted in electronic scientific resources with open access. English version of the article on pp. 953-958 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/attracting-foreign-investors-to-sustainable-development-projects-in-russia/77432.html
The application of an activity-based approach in teaching a foreign language at school
Authors:   FSBEI HE Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Russia, Makarova Evgeniya Vldimirovna , Sanzharovskaya Kristina Yurievna ,   Department of Roman and Germanic Philology and Methods of Teaching a Foreign Language, FSBEI HE Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Russia
Published: January 2022

In connection with the expansion of international political, economic and social ties, the need for the study of foreign languages as a means of intercultural communication is increasing. Language education at the present stage acts as the most valuable tool for a person's successful life in a multicultural space, and the main task of learning foreign languages is the formation of students' skills for unhindered communication with representatives of a foreign language culture. However, modern living conditions require the introduction of new forms, methods and techniques in order to enhance the activities of students. In particular, one cannot fail to note the growing role of information and communication technologies in the process of teaching foreign languages. The article discusses the main ways of implementing the activity approach in schools. Particular attention is paid to theoretical material on this topic. Various methods and techniques are given in order to enhance the activity of students. The conclusion showed that the education system is constantly changing, the world is constantly moving and never stands still, therefore, the use of this approach helps to introduce various forms of teaching into the learning process, which will help develop the communication and creative skills of students.
FIRM PERFORMANCE USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) PADA MASA PANDEMIK COVID-19 DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Mariam Siti , Mustika Dhinda , Ameido Muhammad Asrar
Published: January 2022

This study aims to see the influence of the Business Environment on the Operating Strategy, and Firm Performance. The research methodology is an explanatory study with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was conducted on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in DKI Jakarta Province, with a total sample of 110 SMEs. Data was collected using a questionnaire and technical data analysis using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), namely through the smartPLS application. The results of this study are the findings that: (1) the Business Environment affects the Operating Strategy positively and significantly; (2) Business Environment influences Firm Performance negatively and not significantly; (3) Operating Strategy affects Firm Performance positively and significantly; (4) Business Environment influences Firm Performance through Operating Strategy positively and significantly. The results of this study are expected to strengthen the Firm Performance of SMEs in DKI Jakarta Province through the Firm Business Environment and Operating Strategy

Keywords: SMEs, Firm Performance, Business Environment, Operating Strategy
Effects of Light on Attention and Reaction Time: A Systematic Review
Authors: Golmohammadi Rostam , Yousefi Hanieh , Safarpour Khotbesara Negar , Nasrolahi Abbas , Kurd Nematullah
Published: January 2022

Background: Accuracy, speed, efficiency, and applicability of activities in the workplace are among the most important effective factors on people's productivity, which is in turn affected by environmental factors, such as light. Therefore, the present research aimed to review the studies performed about the effects of light on attention and reaction time. Sudy Design: A systematic review. Methods: This review study systematically searched articles from 2000-2019 in databases of Google Scholar, ISC, SID, Magiran, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords of light, lighting, attention, and reaction time. The titles and abstracts of articles containing relevant results over the past 20 years were extracted. Thereafter, they were categorized and analyzed according to the title, author name, publication year, study method, study type, and evaluation results. Results: Based on the results, the light with shorter wavelengths, higher intensity, and higher color temperature led to suppressed melatonin, higher consciousness, less somnolence, increased attention, and faster reaction time. Simultaneous exposure to harmful levels of environmental factors affects cognitive and physiological parameters, acting independently with a separate mechanism or synergistically with a similar mechanism. The best light in the regulation of psychological, biological, and cognitive processes is bright daylight in the morning with a short wavelength, high intensity, and more lasting effects. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, light is a powerful modulator of non-visual performance in cognitive tasks. The wavelength, color temperature, and light intensity modulate brain responses to cognitive tasks, including attention and reaction time. Therefore, these parameters, along with personal and environmental factors, should be considered in designing and using light.
Correlates of COVID-19 Pandemic on Anxiety among Adults in Appalachia, USA
Authors: Lakhan Ram , Summers Louisa , Tataw David , Hackbert Peter , Sharma Manoj
Published: January 2022

Background: Anxiety problems have increased in the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. However, very little is known about the anxiety rates in the new normal phase of the disease when adults have been assumed to be adjusted. The study aimed to find out the difference in anxiety in a convenience sample of Appalachian adults during the new normal phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, examine its association with sociodemographic factors, and compare it with the anxiety levels before the pandemic as recalled by the participants. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale was used in the present study. The Chi-square test was used to examine the difference between the severity of anxiety before and during the new normal phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of sociodemographic and behavioral correlates. Pearson correlation was used to see the strength of the association between anxiety and age. Results: Although the anxiety rate was stabilized by the time people approached the new normal phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, its severity increased significantly among those with preexisting anxiety (P=0.001). Anxiety was found highly associated with female and minority gender, student status, lower education and income level, marital status, cohabitation with parents, and cigarette consumption (P=0.001). A slight inverse association was observed between age and anxiety before and during the new normal phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (P=0.001). Conclusion: The young and females seem to be suffering from a higher burden of anxiety. Research is suggested to identify ways to develop social support-based community programs to address this issue.
Prediction of Seat Belt Use Behavior among Adolescents Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Malekpour Fatemeh , Moeini Babak , Tapak Leili , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Rezapur-Shahkolai Forouzan
Published: January 2022

Background: Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) are the important causes of unintentional injuries and deaths. In this respect, seat belt wearing is an influential factor in reducing the mortality and severity of road traffic injuries. The rate of seat belt use among is lower adolescents, compared to adults. The present study aimed to investigate the influential factors on seat belt-wearing behavior among adolescent students as car occupants based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Study design: A cross-sectional design. Methods: This study was conducted among 952 adolescent students studying in grades 7, 8, and 9 in the schools of Tabriz, Iran, in the 2019-20 academic year. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on TPB for data collection, the validity and reliability of which have been confirmed. Results: The results indicated that the rate of seat belt use in the front seat inside the city was lower than that outside the city. Regarding TPB constructs, perceived behavioral control (β=0.137; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.013; P<0.001), subjective norm (β=0.313; 95% CI: 0.021, 0.032; P<0.001), and attitude (β=0.322; 95% CI: 0.034, 0.053; P<0.001) had a significant and positive relationship with the intention of seat belt-wearing behavior. Moreover, the behavioral intention (β=0.571; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.64; P<0.001) had a significantly positive relationship with seat belt-wearing behavior. Conclusion: The Theory of Planned Behavior is appropriate to determine predictor factors of seat belt-wearing behavior among adolescent students as car occupants. In addition, the results of the present study may provide a theoretical basis for policy-making to improve adolescent students' seat belt use.
Preparation and in vitro characterization of electrospun scaffolds composed of chitosan, gelatin and 58S bioactive glass nanoparticles for skin tissue engineering
Authors: Nosrati Hamed , Banitalebi-Dhkordi Mehdi , Khodaei Mohammad , Sharifi Esmaeel , Asadpour Shiva , Mansouri Kamran , Soleimannejad Mostafa
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: The presence of an appropriate scaffold at the wound site could significantly improve the healing process. In this study, we aimed to prepare a biomimetic nanocomposite scaffold composed of chitosan, gelatin, and 58S bioglass nanoparticles for skin tissue engineering. Methods: The nanocomposite scaffolds composed of chitosan, gelatin, and 58S bioglass nanoparticles were fabricated through electrospinning process. Then the cell viability assay was performed in order to evaluate the biological properties of the membranes. The optimum concentration of bioglass nanoparticles was determined for further studies. In vitro characterization was also performed to evaluate physicochemical properties of the scaffolds. Results: The chitosan/gelatin scaffold containing 2% of 58S bioglass nanoparticles showed no cell toxicity, and the dermal fibroblasts were found capable of proliferation on the membrane. The in vitro results obtained from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and porosity tests demonstrated the appropriate properties of the membrane as a scaffold for skin regeneration. Conclusions: It was concluded that a chitosan-gelatin membrane containing 2% of 58S bioglass nanoparticles had the potential to function as a scaffold to accelerate wound healing due to its suitable properties, such as high porosity, high surface/volume ratio, and excellent biocompatibility.
Betamethasone versus dexamethasone on the fetal movement index in the women with preterm labor: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Taheri Abdolmajid , Shabanian Sheida , Khosravi Mohsen , Kheiri Soleiman
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Biophysical evaluation of fetal profile and movements is a useful tool for assessing fetal health, which even has significant effects on neonatal health. This study aimed to compare the biophysical parameters of the profile – fetal movement index, in particular – before and after corticosteroid administration in two groups receiving dexamethasone and betamethasone. Methods: In this descriptive/analytical study, 200 patients diagnosed with preterm delivery and admitted to the gynecology section of Hajar Hospital in Shahrekord in 2016 were investigated. Their demographic findings and medical histories were collected using a checklist form. Then their biophysical profiles 24 to 48 hours after corticosteroid administration were assessed. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS v. 18 software using t test, chi-square and Fisher exact test. Results: According to our study results, there was a significant difference in fetal movements before and after receiving corticosteroids, and the decrease in the percentage of movements was greater in the betamethasone group (P<0.001). Also, the biophysical profile was significantly different in the dexamethasone group compared to the betamethasone group (P<0.001). No significant difference was found between two groups in terms of fetal respiration and non-stress test (NST) before and after receiving corticosteroids (P=0.47 and P=0.65, respectively). Conclusion: Dexamethasone administration had less effect on reducing fetal movement index than betamethasone administration. As the result, the biophysical profile was significantly different in the dexamethasone group compared to the betamethasone one.
Regional anesthesia during COVID-19 pandemic: A minireview and practical recommendations
Authors: Azizi Farsani Hamidreza , Behnaz Faranak , Azizi Farsani Zahra , Khorasanizadeh Shayesteh
Published: January 2022

Background and aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed many challenges for healthcare workers around the world. This study aims to present the most appropriate and evidence-based scientific advice for safe regional anesthesia practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: To perform regional anesthesia during respiratory disease outbreaks, several databases were investigated, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Up-to-date, and ScienceDirect. Searches were in English during a timeframe spanning from February 15, 2019, until February 15, 2021, and the applied keywords were "COVID-19 anesthesia", "surgery", and "operating room" Results: We have focused on definite areas such as workforce and resource planning, modification of clinical setting, preparation of equipment, supplies, and medications, selection of proper personal protective equipment (PPE), cardiorespiratory monitoring of the patient, and sedation and oxygen therapy. Other fields were assessing safe regional anesthesia techniques and monitoring during anesthesia, post-anesthesia care, and follow-ups. In these recommendations, keeping the patients safe while protecting healthcare providers from potential exposure to infection is of particular interest. Conclusion: The safety of healthcare workers and patients during the anesthesia management of suspected and positive COVID-19 cases is of utmost importance. Although there is limited evidence regarding performing regional anesthesia, these presented suggestions summarize the best accessible data and explain some doubts in this respect.
SỰ KHÁC BIỆT GIỮA THẾ HỆ Y VÀ THẾ HỆ Z VỀ ĐỘNG CƠ CHIA SẺ HÌNH ẢNH DU LỊCH LÊN FACEBOOK
Authors: Phượng Lê Thái
Published: January 2022

Chụp ảnh và chia sẻ hình ảnh du lịch lên Facebook đang trở nên phổ biến đối với du khách. Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định và phân tích sự khác biệt về động cơ chia sẻ hình ảnh du lịch lên Facebook của du khách thuộc thế hệ Y và thế hệ Z. Kiểm định Cronbach’s Alpha, phân tích nhân tố khám phá EFA và phân tích nhân tố khẳng định CFA được sử dụng để xác định các động cơ. Kiểm định Independent T – Test được sử dụng để đánh giá sự khác biệt giữa thế hệ Y và thế hệ Z về các động cơ. Kết quả thu được từ khảo sát 584 du khách cho thấy 5 động cơ chia sẻ hình ảnh du lịch lên Facebook của thế hệ Y và Z là: Thể hiện bản thân, thông tin, giải trí, tiết lộ, lưu giữ hình ảnh. Trong đó, động cơ thông tin và lưu giữ hình ảnh là hai động cơ nổi bật của thế hệ Y; động cơ thể hiện bản thân và động cơ giải trí là hai động cơ nổi bật của thế hệ Z.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆN TRẠNG VÀ ĐỀ XUẤT QUY HOẠCH CÂY XANH ĐÔ THỊ TRÊN CÁC TUYẾN ĐƯỜNG CHÍNH THÀNH PHỐ THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Đăng Trần Hải , Quỳnh Nguyễn Thị , Ngọc Dương Minh , Quang Nguyễn Đức , Huyền Trần Thị Ngọc
Published: January 2022

Cây xanh đường phố là một bộ phận quan trọng trong hệ thống cây xanh và cảnh quan đô thị. Quy hoạch cây xanh là một trong các nội dung của quy hoạch và quản lý môi trường đô thị. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá được hiện trạng cây xanh đô thị trên một số tuyến đường chính và đề xuất quy hoạch cây xanh đô thị cho thành phố Thái Nguyên. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp khảo sát thực địa, được thực hiện 3 lần vào quý II năm 2021 nhằm phân loại, bổ sung số liệu hoặc kiểm tra lại những số liệu mà trong quá trình tổng hợp còn thiếu hoặc chưa hợp lí. Kết quả điều tra cho thấy, trên 29 tuyến đường chính của thành phố Thái Nguyên có khoảng 7.335 cây xanh đô thị. Đề xuất đến năm 2030, thành phố cần trồng thêm khoảng 5.432 cây xanh trên 29 tuyến đường chính này để đáp ứng nhu cầu khoảng cách cây xanh đô thị đường phố theo quy định Thông tư số 20/2005/TT-BXD về quản lý cây xanh đô thị. Hệ thống cây xanh trong thành phố hiện nay không đồng đều về chủng loại cũng như sự phân bố. Chính vì vậy cần đưa ra các giải pháp đồng bộ về quy hoạch mảng xanh đảm bảo cho thành phố phát triển bền vững.
NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN QUYẾT ĐỊNH MUA SẢN PHẨM THỜI TRANG THÔNG QUA LIVESTREAM CỦA SINH VIÊN KHOA KINH TẾ, TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC ĐỒNG THÁP
Authors: Thạch Trần , Trường Võ Thị Học , Phúc Nguyễn Đặng Vĩnh , Tuấn Huỳnh Quốc
Published: January 2022

Nghiên cứu này thực hiện nhằm xem xét các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định mua sản phẩm thời trang là quần áo thông qua hình thức “live stream” của sinh viên khoa Kinh tế, trường Đại học Đồng Tháp. Trên cơ sở lược khảo các nghiên cứu trước đó, tác giả đã xây dựng bảng hỏi và tiến hành khảo sát trực tuyến 400 sinh viên khoa Kinh tế, trường Đại học Đồng Tháp. Kết quả thu về 365 phản hồi, trong đó có 332 phản hồi hợp lệ và được tác giả tiến hành mã hóa, nhập liệu và chuẩn bị cho phân tích. Bên cạnh đó, tác giả sử dụng các phương pháp phân tích dữ liệu như: kiểm định độ tin cậy Cronbach’s Alpha, phân tích nhân tố khám phá, kiểm định tương quan và phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính bội với sự hỗ trợ của công cụ là phần mềm SPSS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 04 nhân tố là: niềm tin, truyền miệng điện tử, sự hấp dẫn của người bán và sự phù hợp về giá có tác động tích cực đến quyết định mua hàng. Trong đó, niềm tin là yếu tố ảnh hưởng mạnh nhất đến quyết định mua của sinh viên. Đồng thời, trong nghiên cứu này cũng chưa tìm thấy sự ảnh hưởng của yếu tố “sự hiểu biết của người bán” đến quyết định mua hàng của sinh viên.
ĐÁNH GIÁ CÔNG TÁC PHÂN LOẠI RÁC THẢI SINH HOẠT TẠI NGUỒN TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN PHƯỜNG QUANG TRUNG, THÀNH PHỐ THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Huyền Chu Thị Hồng , Viên Nguyễn Thị Hồng , Huyền Nguyễn Thu , Đông Nguyễn Thị
Published: January 2022

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện tại tổ 1, 2, 3 phường Quang Trung, thành phố Thái Nguyên nhằm đánh giá công tác phân loại rác thải sinh hoạt tại nguồn sau đề án thí điểm của thành phố. Các phương pháp được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này bao gồm: Phương pháp phân tích, tổng hợp tài liệu, điều tra xã hội học, toán học.  Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: 100% các hộ gia đình, hộ kinh doanh trên địa bàn đều đồng thuận, ủng hộ đề án phân loại rác thải sinh hoạt tại nguồn của thành phố; 89,15% số hộ đã biết cách phân loại rác; 90,55% số hộ bỏ rác đúng nơi quy định; đa số các hộ dân đã phân loại rác thải sinh hoạt và số hộ thực hiện phân loại rác đạt tỷ lệ 56,14%; số hộ sử dụng dụng cụ phân loại rác được phát đúng mục đích và đổ rác đúng giờ chưa cao. mặc dù đã thực hiện tuyên truyền đến từng hộ dân theo đề án thí điểm 4 phường của thành phố nhưng chưa giải quyết được triệt để lượng chất thải sinh hoạt phát sinh. Nghiên cứu cũng đã đề xuất được những giải pháp nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả phân loại rác thải tại nguồn: cần được tiến hành đồng bộ, thu hút được sự tham gia của toàn dân, thu gom đúng giờ, góp phần bảo vệ môi trường và sức khỏe con người.