bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de políticas públicas de provisión de fármacos para diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en Argentina: estudio de caso
Authors: Elorza María Eugenia , Moscoso Nebel Silvana , Ripari Nadia Vanina
Published: April 2021

En Argentina, la provisión de fármacos para pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) sin cobertura de salud se efectúa mediante programas públicos. En la provincia de Buenos Aires coexisten el programa Remediar, de nivel nacional, y el Programa de Prevención, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Paciente Diabético (PRODIABA), de nivel provincial. El presente trabajo estima el porcentaje de población adulta con DM2 sin cobertura del municipio de Bahía Blanca (provincia de Buenos Aires) con necesidad de tratamientos de antidiabéticos orales, que satisface su demanda en el sector público. Es un estudio cuantitativo que evalúa la demanda y la necesidad de provisión pública. Los resultados indican que: 1) el mayor porcentaje de la demanda se satisface en el primer nivel de atención; 2) la provincia de Buenos Aires financia el mayor porcentaje de comprimidos, seguida por el nivel municipal y el nacional; 3) el nivel local también interviene para satisfacer la demanda y 4) la provisión pública total solo daría cobertura a aproximadamente el 25% de las necesidades en el escenario correspondiente al consumo medio. Esto muestra que, incluso con diferentes programas públicos, la provisión no es suficiente y se requiere de la intervención local aun cuando la descentralización en la adquisición de fármacos no es recomendada por la teoría económica.
Lithium ions display weak interaction with amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides and have minor effects on their aggregation
Authors: Berntsson Elina , Paul Suman , Vosough Faraz , Sholts Sabrina B. , Jarvet Jüri , Roos Per M. , Barth Andreas , Gräslund Astrid , Wärmländer Sebastian
Published: April 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable disease and the main cause of age-related dementia worldwide, despite decades of research. Treatment of AD with lithium (Li) has showed promising results, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The pathological hallmark of AD brains is deposition of amyloid plaques, consisting mainly of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides aggregated into amyloid fibrils. The plaques contain also metal ions of e.g. Cu, Fe, and Zn, and such ions are known to interact with Aβ peptides and modulate their aggregation and toxicity. The interactions between Aβ peptides and Li+ ions have however not been well investigated. Here, we use a range of biophysical techniques to characterize in vitro interactions between Aβ peptides and Li+ ions. We show that Li+ ions display weak and non-specific interactions with Aβ peptides, and have minor effects on Aβ aggregation. These results indicate that possible beneficial effects of Li on AD pathology are not likely caused by direct interactions between Aβ peptides and Li+ ions.
Sequence variation analysis of the E1 and E2 genes of human papillomavirus type 16 in cervical lesions in women from the south of Poland
Authors: Sitarz Katarzyna , Kopec Jolanta , Zawilinska Barbara , Klimek Malgorzata , Szostek Slawa
Published: April 2021

The E1 and E2 genes of the human papillomavirus encode the so-called early proteins, their sequences are conserved, and regulatory functions are associated with the viral oncoproteins. The purpose of this study is to determine the HPV16 E1 and E2 mutations appearing in the female population of southern Poland, depending on the severity of cervical pathological changes. We also take into account the number of E1 and E2 mutations detected in the E6 gene variant (350G or 350T). This publication is one of the first in the Central and Eastern Europe to deal with this topic. We identified 4 mutations in the E1 gene and 24 mutations in the E2 gene that have not been described so far. In three cases of squamous cell carcinoma a C3409T mutation occurred, which is widely described as oncogenic. This mutation lies in the 3243-3539 area of the E2 hinge region. Statistical analyses show a possible relationship of mutations in this area with oncogenesis. The discovered dependencies may be important in the context of oncogenesis, however, a study with a larger group of patients is needed in order to confirm this view.
A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study on Asymptomatic Cardiac Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Khammam
Authors: Alam Krishna Chaitanya , Reddi Durga Sai Kumar
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Silent ischemia can be predicted with simple, non-invasive and cost-effective technique called electrocardiogram (ECG) in asymptomatic diabetic patients. Risk of morbidity and mortality due to cardiac diseases is high in those with diabetes mellitus. Data on electrocardiogram changes is scarce in India in type-2 diabetic patients without symptoms. Therefore, this study was undertaken to study ECG changes in type-2 diabetic patients without symptoms of heart disease. METHODS Hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out over 18 months among 50 cases of type 2 diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease symptoms. Haematological investigations performed for all patients included lipid profile, fasting blood sugar, and HbA1c. 12-lead electrocardiogram in resting position was carried out, and abnormalities in the recorded electrocardiogram were noted in the study questionnaire. RESULTS Mean age of patients was 53.86 ± 3.34 years. Mean duration of diabetes was 11.27 ± 4.19 years. Majority (44 %) were using oral hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin. Mean values of fasting blood sugar (204.92 ± 22.83) and HbA1c (7.32 ± 0.60 %) were raised. Total cholesterol was 188.4 ± 20.39 mg / dl; high density lipoprotein was 40.24 ± 5.67 mg / dl; low density lipoprotein was 98.64 ± 14.01 and the triglycerides were 182.9 ± 18.44 mg / dl. 28 % had ECG changes and among them the most common was ST depression with T wave inversion in 35.7 % followed by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 28.6 %. Among variables compared between the two groups, only duration of diabetes (years), and HbA1c (%) were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that type 2 diabetes patients especially of longer duration should undergo cardiac evaluation even though they do not have any symptoms relating to cardiovascular system. KEYWORDS Diabetes, ECG, Cardiac Changes, Evaluation, Symptoms
Study of Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Spectrum of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Individuals and Its Correlation with CD4 Count
Authors: Palaniswamy Lavanya Devi , Pandiyan Moogaambiga Solai Raja , Murugesan Punitha
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is often more difficult to diagnose and more complicated to treat among people who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. This study was conducted to assess the clinical, microbiological, laboratory and radiological spectrum of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV seropositive patients, and explore its possible correlation with their CD4 count. METHODS A total of 104 patients who were western blot positive for HIV and co-infected with tuberculosis were studied in Salem district of Tamil Nadu. A detailed history was obtained and patients were examined clinically. CD4 count, sputum smear for acid fast bacilli (AFB), chest x-ray, and tuberculin test, were done along with other relevant investigations. The relationship between CD4 count, and the type of tuberculosis, sputum smear, chest x-ray, and tuberculin test, were analysed statistically, and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Most of the patients were between 30 to 39 years. Males (84.6 %) outnumbered females (15.4 %). Pulmonary tuberculosis alone was seen in 47 patients, while extra pulmonary tuberculosis in 36 cases, and both pulmonary and extra pulmonary occurred in 21 cases. They had a mean CD4 count of 237.7 cells / μL, 135.2 cells / μL and 120.9 cells / μL respectively. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis and combined forms were associated with lower CD4 counts (P-value 0.005). The mean CD4 count of sputum positive, sputum negative, and multiple drug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis were 294.2, 168.3 and 90.2 cells / μL respectively. Lower CD4 count was associated with sputum - ve TB (P < 0.041). Lower CD4 counts were associated with atypical chest X-ray findings (P < 0.006) and negative tuberculin test (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sputum smear positivity for AFB decreases as CD4 count reduces. Involvement of lungs tend to be atypical in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis of TB in HIV positive individuals is complex and a high index of suspicion is needed. KEYWORDS HIV, Tuberculosis, CD4 Cell Count, Sputum Smear for AFB, Chest X-Ray
Proyecto Bicentenario de la Independencia del Perú: ¿La branderización de la comunidad nacional?
Authors: Mejía Contreras Andrea , Navarro Trujillo Diego
Published: April 2021

En el presente ensayo, realizaremos un análisis de la comunidad nacional propuesta en el marco del Proyecto Bicentenario de la Independencia del Perú. Para lograr esto, en primer momento, presentaremos brevemente qué es el Proyecto Bicentenario. En un segundo momento, analizaremos los mandatos propuestos desde este proyecto especial por parte del Gobierno central. Específicamente, las banderas valores y los momentos de celebración que propone el proyecto. En un tercer momento, nos proponemos analizar qué comunidad nacional se configura a partir de estos mandatos. Esto lo realizamos a partir del análisis de la confluencia de tres paradigmas de construcción de la comunidad nacional (modernista-clásico, poscolonial y branding) y el análisis de qué implica promover una comunidad de éxito que pretende configurar el Estado peruano. Finalmente, abordaremos una reflexión de las limitaciones de este proyecto y su propuesta de comunidad nacional. Para la elaboración del presente artículo, recurriremos a la revisión de normas legales del Estado peruano, la página web del Proyecto Bicentenario y algunas notas periodísticas que abordan la materia.
The Drexel Defusion Scale: Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version
Authors: AYDIN Gökçen , GÜNERİ Oya Yerin
Published: April 2021

Cognitive defusion is one of the components of psychological flexibility in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The purpose of this study was to translate the Drexel Defusion Scale (DDS) into Turkish and test its psychometric properties. This two-phase study was carried out with two groups of participants. The first phase, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) included 370 university students (218 female, 152 male). The second phase, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and divergent validity consisted of 715 university students (351 female, 364 male). The DDS measures the ability to achieve a distance from inner experiences like thoughts and feelings, and it consists of 10 scenarios on a six-point Likert-scale ranging from 0 (Not at all) to 5 (Very much). The DDS has a unidimentional factor structure. The CFA results confirmed the one-factor structure of Turkish DDS (T-DDS). The T-DDS also yielded satisfactory (α > .80) internal consistency and test-retest reliability (α = .81). Thus, findings revealed satisfactory reliability and validity evidence for the T-DDS.
Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditária: Proposta de Protocolo de Referenciação Interdisciplinar
Authors: Costa Isabel , Gonçalves Inês , Mendes Sofia , Araújo Maria João , Caldas Regina , Rodrigues Berta , Dias Luís
Published: April 2021

N/a.
PENGETAHUAN DAN PEMILIHAN OBAT TRADISIONAL OLEH IBU-IBU DI SURABAYA
Authors: Oktaviani Arina Rahma , Takwiman Azan , Santoso Desyta Ajeng Trisna , Hanaratri Elma Oktavia , Damayanti Errina , Maghfiroh Lailatul , Putri Mega Meiana , Maharani Nofika Agung , Maulida Risda , Oktadela Viola Arsideva , Yuda Ana
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan dan pemilihan obat tradisional oleh ibu-ibu di Surabaya, menggunakan metode cross sectional dan instrumen berupa kuesioner. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 150 ibu-ibu yang sudah atau pernah berkeluarga, memiliki anak, dan sedang atau pernah mengkonsumsi obat tradisional dalam waktu 2 bulan terakhir. Teknik sampling dilakukan secara non random. Hasil yang didapat, 1.33% responden mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan rendah, 62,67% responden mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan sedang, dan 36% responden mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan tinggi. Masalah kesehatan yang pernah ditangani dengan obat tradisional paling banyak secara berturut-turut adalah pegal linu/nyeri, batuk pilek, dan demam. Sebanyak 86 responden memilih menggunakan obat tradisional sebagai upaya pencegahan,  48 responden menjadikan sebagai pilihan utama setiap mengalami gangguan kesehatan, dan 31 reponden menggunakan ketika penyakit tidak membaik dengan obat modern. Sebagian besar responden memilih kerabat atau teman sebagai sumber informasi dalam pemilhan obat tradisional dan hanya 17 yang bertanya kepada tenaga kesehatan. Pada saat menerima terapi obat modern, 36 responden menghentikan penggunaan obat tradisional, sementara 18 responden menggunakan keduanya tanpa berkonsultasi dengan tenaga kesehatan. Tempat mendapatkan obat tradisonal yang paling banyak adalah apotek sebanyak 45 responden, toko kelontong sebanyak 35 responden, dan 33 responden membeli dari toko obat cina (istilah lokal untuk toko obat yang dikelola atau dimiliki oleh etnis Tionghoa).
PROMOTION OF CLEAN AND HEALTHY LIVING HABITS PREVENT THE SPREAD OF THE COVID-19 CONTAGIOUS DISEASE IN PACAR KEMBANG VILLAGE, SURABAYA
Authors: Nihayati Hanik Endang , Sukartini Tintin , Fitryasari Rizki
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The increase in the spread of disease due to the Covid-19 virus is the impact of low hygiene and healthy living habits in the community.Methods: Health promotion activities for clean and healthy living habits are carried out in the form of training in the area of RW 5, Pacarkembang Village, Surabaya City. This activity was attended by 40 housewives for 3 months, starting from July to September 2020. The material provided was about the importance of PHBS in households to prevent transmission of COVID 19 to evaluation of the habituation of implementing PHBS to prevent infectious disease COVID 19. The method used in activities are lectures, discussions, simulations and demonstrations by the facilitator as well as redemonstrations by the participants.Results: Knowledge, attitudes and psychomotor of housewives in the spread of Covid-19 transmission after being given PHBS training for 3 months increased. Assessment is carried out by comparing the pre-test and post-test results of the training participants. After attending the training, the majority of the participants' abilities were in the good category in the knowledge aspect (90%), the attitude aspect (90%) and the psychomotor aspect (87.5%).Conclusion: Increasing knowledge about Covid-19 during the training raises awareness, interest in housewives in Pacarakembang Village, Surabaya City to try and make behaviors to prevent the spread of Covid-19 a new good and healthy habit.
Dabrafenib, a selective BRAFV600E inhibitor, is not able to reverse the CpG island methylator phenotype in RKO colorectal cell line
Authors: Tsomidis Ioannis
Published: April 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer is considered as one of the most common death causes among cancer types in the developed countries. Methylation in the promoter of genes shows specific patterns, which define the molecular pathogenesis and prognosis of the cancer. Therefore, reversal of DNA methylation constitutes a potential therapeutic target. Coexistence of B-RAF V600E mutation with hypermethylation in the promoter of specific genes and chromosomal instability characterize the serrated pathway of carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer and has been associated with poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate if inhibition of BRAF V600E mutation by the selective inhibitor Dabrafenib in the RKO cell line has any effect on the methylation phenotype of the Weisenberger’s CIMP panel genes. Materials and methods: RKO cancer cell line was cultured under various conditions of Dabrafenib concentrations, time of treatment, cell passage and culture medium provision. Cells from every condition were counted and the subsequently extracted DNA was modified using sodium bisulfate. The characterization of the methylation phenotype was performed by MS-PCR analysis. Modified genomic DNA from Caco2 cancer cell line was used as a control. Results: Dabrafenib treatment resulted in a 50% inhibition of cell growth rate, independent of the concentration used and has no effect on the methylation status of the genes tested under all conditions. Conclusions: Inhibition of the B-RAFV600E by Dabrafenib was not able to reverse the CIMP phenotype in the RKO cell line.
2-D Modeling to Understand the Design Configuration and Flow Dynamics of Pond-in-Pond (Pip) Wastewater Treatment System for Reuse
Authors: Adhikari Kushal , Fedler Clifford , Asadi Alireza
Published: April 2021

Water reuse for irrigation is increasingly recognized as an essential and economical strategy in areas with water scarcity. A simple, low-cost, low-maintenance, and highly efficient Pond-In-Pond (PIP) treatment system can be used for wastewater reuse. PIP is a treatment technology in which two types of ponds -- anaerobic and aerobic -- are combined into a single pond and consist of a deeper inner section entirely submerged within the outer pond. Previous studies on PIPs and PIP-like systems have reinforced the potential for reuse through promising performance results with BOD removal over 80% and a reduction in land area requirements by approximately 40%. Yet, no prior efforts have been made to understand the performance mechanism of such systems. This study makes use of two, 2-D modeling tools in developing a fundamental understanding of PIP flow dynamics and the expected performance. The modeling results showed that the PIP configuration offers improved flow diversion along with reduced flow velocity. Additionally, the PIP retained approximately 17% more (p<0.05) particles than the traditional pond with most of the particles concentrated within the inner pond. Lower velocity and the higher solids retention in the PIP thus allowed for better treatment performance compared to traditional ponds. The findings from this study can be used as preliminary data for future in-depth investigations of the PIP system leading toward effective and optimal designs. This will help address the major societal concern of water scarcity with low-cost and effective wastewater treatment.
Estimation of Oxygen Cylinder Availability and Classification of Its Types, Suitability Using Machine Learning and Data Analysis
Authors: Sinha Anurag
Published: April 2021

This is break direction on oxygen sources and conveyance methodologies for COVID-19 treatment. It has been adjusted from WHO and UNICEF's specialized details and direction for oxygen treatment gadgets, which is important for the WHO clinical gadget specialized arrangement, 1 and depends on current information on the circumstance in China and different nations where cases have been distinguished. This direction is proposed for wellbeing office chairmen, clinical leaders, acquisition officials, arranging officials, biomedical architects, foundation engineers and strategy producers. It portrays how to: measure oxygen interest, to distinguish oxygen sources that are accessible, and select suitable flood sources to best react to COVID-19 patients' requirements, particularly in low-and-center pay nations. WHO will refresh these suggestions as new data opens up. Coronavirus pandemic spurred fake interest for oxygen gas chambers for clinical use - both at emergency clinics and inquisitively, for home use by patients. A few patients and surprisingly sound people investigate the conceivable outcomes and likely benefits of utilizing oxygen from chambers for private utilization. Be that as it may, this isn't continuously protected, and sufficient safety measures are to be taken, bombing which there can be fatalities. This paper investigates the significance of keeping up satisfactory degrees of oxygen levels appropriate for human utilization. It advises the clinical use and the advantages and disadvantages of putting away oxygen chambers at home. The investigation likewise addresses lawful and administrative perspectives. The investigation's discoveries can help people settle on an educated choice on the protected use regarding oxygen gas. Further, it cautions on the expanded significance of guidelines and limiting access and use. This paper aims at designing an oxygen level monitoring technique in an oxygen cylinder. The amount of oxygen present inside the oxygen cylinder is very vital information when such cylinder is in use for supply of oxygen to a critical patient. The amount of oxygen present inside the cylinder is measured by the pressure at the outlet nozzle. The pressure is measured using a high precision MEMS Pressure Sensor. The output of the MEMS pressure sensor is voltage of the order milli. An amplifier is used to amplify this milli volt signal. A microcontroller is used in cascade to process the signal and display the pressure of oxygen cylinder.
Analysis of Risks and Costs in Intruder Detection With Markov Decision Processes
Authors: Jormakka Jorma , Ghosh Sourangshu
Published: April 2021

Let us assume that defence mechanisms are so strong that the average outcome of a hacking attack is unsuccessful. How to calculate the costs arising from false positives and false negatives in intruder detection? Is it better for the hacker to make fewer but more effective attacks rather than several but less effective attacks? How to calculate the difference between these alternative strategies?
Advances in atomtronics
Authors: Pepino Ron
Published: April 2021

Atomtronics is a relatively new subfield of atomic physics that aims to realize the device behavior of electronic components in ultracold atom-optical systems. The fact that these systems are coherent makes them particularly interesting since, in addition to current, one can impart quantum states onto the current carriers themselves or perhaps perform quantum computational operations on them. After reviewing the fundamental ideas of this subfield, we report on the theoretical and experimental progress made towards developing externally-driven and closed loop devices. The functionality and potential applications for these atom analogs to electronic and spintronic systems is also discussed.
Coupled Inductor and Voltage Doubler Circuit for High Step-Up DC-DC Converter
Authors: Deshpande Abhinav Vinod
Published: April 2021

In this research paper, a novel high step up dc-dc converter with a coupled inductor and voltage doubler circuits is proposed. The converter achieves a high step up voltage gain with an appropriate duty ratio and low voltage stress on the power switches. Also, the energy which is stored in the leakage inductor of the coupled inductor can be recycled to the output. The operating principles and the steady state analysis of the proposed converter are discussed in detail. Finally, a prototype circuit of the proposed converter is implemented in the laboratory in order to verify the performance of the proposed converter.
Thermal Evaporation Synthesis of Vertically Aligned Zn2SnO4/ZnO Radial Heterostructured Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Han Gill Sang , Kang Min Je , Jeong Yoo Jae , Lee Sangwook , Cho In Sun
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The construction of a heterostructured nanowire array allows the manipulation of the interfacial, surface, charge transport, and transfer properties simultaneously, offering new opportunities to achieve multi-functionality for various applications. Herein, we developed a facile thermal evaporation and post-annealing method to synthesize ternary-Zn2SnO4/binary-ZnO radially heterostructured nanowire arrays (HNA). Vertically aligned ZnO nanowire arrays (3.5 μm in length) were grown on a ZnO-nanoparticle-seeded fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate by a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the amorphous layer consisting of Zn-Sn-O complex was uniformly deposited on the surface of the ZnO nanowires via the thermal evaporation of the Zn and Sn powder mixture in vacuum, followed by post-annealing at 550 °C in air to oxidize and crystallize the Zn2SnO4 shell layer. The use of a powder mixture composed of elemental Zn and Sn (rather than oxides and carbon mixture) as an evaporation source ensures high vapor pressure at a low temperature (e.g., 700 °C) during thermal evaporation. The morphology, microstructure, and charge-transport properties of the Zn2SnO4/ZnO HNA were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Notably, the optimally synthesized Zn2SnO4/ZnO HNA shows an intimate interface, high surface roughness, and superior charge-separation and -transport properties compared with the pristine ZnO nanowire array.
Teaching With an EEG Simulator and It´S Learning Process Was Evaluated at Biomedical Laboratory Science Students
Authors: Björn Marko Henrik , Ravyse Werner , Botha-Ravyse Chrisna , Laurila Jonne , Keinonen Tuula
Published: April 2021

Methods based on simulation pedagogy are widely used to practice hands on skills in safety environment. The usability of an EEG-simulator on clinical neurophysiology course was evaluated. Second year biomedical laboratory science students (N=35) on this course was included in the study. They were divided into three groups. Two groups used the EEG simulator with different feedback modes and one group without use of the simulator. Results was expected to reveal a correlation between user experience and learning outcomes. This study made used of a mixed method study design. During the study students were asked to keep a learning diary throughout the course on their experience. Diaries were analyzed qualitatively based on content analyses. Quantitative analyses based on an UX questionnaire that measures classical usability aspects (efficiency, perspicuity, dependability) and user experience aspects (novelty, stimulation) and the students’ feelings to use simulator. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSSTM software. The quantitative and qualitative analyses showed that the use of EEG-simulator which was evaluating teaching-learning process have an extra benefit in clinical neurophysiology education and students felt that simulator is useful in learning. The simulation debriefing session should be followed by a full theoretical and practical session. Students compare their learning from the simulator with that of the actual placement which fosters the reflective practice of learning again deepening the understanding of the EEG electrode placement and different wave patterns.
Model Ekonomi Bersama Melalui Budaya Sasi Kontrak dan Sasi Negeri di Kepulauan Maluku
Authors: Sangadji                                                          Muspida Maryam
Published: April 2021

Budaya Sasi Kontrak dan Sasi Negeri/desa merupakan salah satu kearifan local masyarakat Maluku dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya alam di darat maupun di laut dengan tujuan terjaminnya keberlanjutan sumberdaya alam dan “ share income” secara berkelanjutan antar para aktor dalam pembangunan negeri/desa. Tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui implikasi ekonomi melalui pendapatan negeri pada sasi kontrak sasi negeri, (2) Mengetahui adaptasi masyarakat terhadap penurunan potensi sumberdaya alam yang berpotensi terhadap keberlanjutan pelaksanaan sasi kontrak (3) Mengetahui implikasi ekonomi terhadap Aktor pada jejaring sasi kontrak melalui strategi kompetisi. (4) Mendesain model kelembagaan: penguatan bagi keberlanjutan eksistensi budaya sasi. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi.Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa: (1) Pendapatan negeri pada sasi kontrak diperoleh melalui proses pelelangan terhadap SDA, besar kecilnya nilai pelelangan tergantung potensi SDA. Sedangkan pendapatan pada sasi negeri diperoleh melalui bagi hasil dengan perbandingan 5:1. empat bagian untuk masyarakat, satu bagian untuk negeri (2) Penurunan potensi SDA dapat dijadikan sasi kontrak melalui adaptasi didasarkan pada keputusan musyawarah bersama lembaga adat/saniri negeri. Sehingga baik peningkatan maupun penurunan pendapatan negeri adalah merupakan sebuah keberhasilan dari kebijakan bersama. (3) Adanya implikasi ekonomi secara timbal balik antar para aktor (pemenang lelang, pemilik SDA dan kewang keluarga/penjaga hutan) dalam pengelolaan SDA yang disasi kontrak berupa keberlanjutan pendapatan, pemanfaatan pendapatan, keterjaminan produktivitas SDA dan keberlanjutan pada hak kelola pada sasi kontrak. (4) Model penguatan kelembagaan sasi pada tiga bagian yaitu: (i) Mengupayakan Peningkatan tanaman yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi, (ii) Mengupayakan penguatan kapasitas komunitas lokal terkait dengan cara pengelolaan potensi SDA, (iii) Perlindungan melalui peraturan daerah untuk melindungi aturan-aturan local
Implementation of Cipoo Model (Context, Input, Process, Output And Outcome) in Poverty Reduction Based on Prime Potentials (A Case Study of Wonogiri Regency)
Authors: Mafruhah Izza , - Supriyono , Istiqomah Nurul
Published: April 2021

Poverty is a classic problem caused by economic and non-economic factors such as cultural, sociological, political and geographical issues. Efforts to alleviate poverty can be done through community empowerment. Empowerment is the creation of an atmosphere or climate that allows excellent potential to grow. Wonogiri is the second largest regency in Central Java, with diverse prime potentials, but not yet able to boost its economic growth. This leads to relatively high poverty in this regency. GDP growth per capita is much lower than that of Solo Raya, Provincial and National, which shows that Wonogiri people's welfare is relatively lower compared to other regions.The main objective of this research is to develop a poverty reduction model based on prime potentials through the implementation of CIPOO (Context, Input, Process, Output and Outcome) model in Wonogiri by (1) identifying local resource-based economic potentials; (2) analyzing factors affecting community empowerment and participation in inclusive development activities; and (3) analyzing the development process of each subdistrict.The research method used is Sequential Mixed Method with analytical tools used include Geographic Information System (GIS), CIPOO analysis, Focus Group Discussion, in-depth interview, and Klassen Typology.The results showed that the greatest potential in Wonogiri district is agriculture especially horticulture, fisheries, plantation, animal husbandry, and tourism. The gap between sub-districts is very high as indicated by high Gini index and Klassen typology. Therefore, the poverty alleviation model with participatory CIPPO is appropriate for Wonogiri regency.
DIMORFISMO SEXUAL EM TOMOGRAFIAS COMPUTADORIZADAS DE CRÂNIOS DE BRASILEIROS
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Cristina , Carvalho Cardozo Ana Flavia de , Ulbricht Viviane , Pereira Neto João Sarmento , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Francesquini Júnior Luiz
Published: April 2021

Buscou-se estimar o sexo por meio de medidas lineares obtidas em 200 tomografias computadorizadas (TCs) de crânios e mandíbulas do Biobanco Osteológico e Tomográfico da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba. Foram realizadas sete medidas lineares (parede posterior da sela turca à espinha nasal anterior; parede posterior da sela turca ao zígio direito; parede posterior da sela turca ao zígio esquerdo; zígio direito ao zígio esquerdo; forame infra-orbitário direito ao forame infra-orbitário esquerdo; forame infra-orbitário esquerdo à espinha nasal anterior e; forame infra-orbitário direito à espinha nasal anterior) utilizando o software OnDemand3D™. Para calibração foi usado o Teste estatístico ICC (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse), segundo Szklo e Nieto (2000) e a análise dos dados utilizou o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste t, o teste de Pearson e uma regressão logística pelo método de Stepwise-Forward (Wald) e teste de Shapiro-Wilke e Levene para analisar a distribuição e a igualdade de variâncias das variáveis, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que as medidas realizadas apresentaram dimorfismo, exceto a medida forame infra-orbitário direito ao forame infra-orbitário esquerdo. Foi possível criar um modelo de regressão logística [Logito Almeida=36.560+(-0.088*PPST-ENA)+(-0.233*ZD-ZE)+0.140*FIO E-FIO D+(-0.194*FIOE-ENA)], este resulta em 79.1% de sensibilidade, 84.4% de especificidade e 82.0% de acurácia.  Concluiu-se que o modelo de regressão logística obtido permite a estimativa do sexo em TCs de brasileiros, podendo ser utilizado como metodologia auxiliar no processo de identificação humana.
Data transmission with Simulink on 6-DoF platform on CAN BUS
Authors: Mikhailov V. G.
Published: April 2021

Use of CAN BUS for data transmission in Real-Time mode with Simulink on control objects is considered (6-DoF a platform).

It is revealed that software of CAN_ API.dll adapters, created in the Microsoft Visual Studio (MVS) does not work with TDM-GCC-64 Matlab/Simulink because of different approach in names of the dll functions according to the standard C ++ 11/17. Recompile by the developer of the adapter of its software (dll) in the TDM-GCC-64 environment under Windows is required.

It is established that CAN BUS considerably reduces modeling speed by 4.5 times. The way of information compression and fall forward of exchange twice due to byte-by-byte entering of two float values in the data field is offered. Use of identical values of identifiers is applied to two cylinders 6-DoF of a platform and the subsequent their division in the program microcontrollers of cylinders.

For implementation of a Real-Time mode in addition to compression it is offered to transfer data with the smaller frequency (quantization) by what a modeling clock period. It was considered that 6-DoF platforms reproduce frequency band to 10–12 Hz. The program of transfer/data exchange with Simulink on stand control devices with quantization is developed. Influence of parameter of quantization for the period of modeling is investigated. It is established that the Real-Time mode of modeling is provided in the range of parameters of quantization (chc=1/350–1/1000). Frequency of exchange with 6 cylinders at the same time corresponds to 230, 150 Hz.
Accurate Recommendation Approach of Psychological Consultation Information Based on User Portrait and TAG_SVD_CF
Authors: Zhang De-gan , Liu Zi-xian , Fu Tian-zheng , Zhang Xin , Wen Kai-yan , Liu Bing
Published: April 2021

A hybrid recommendation algorithm of psychological counseling information based on user profile and item tag attribute with singular value decomposition(SVD) technology is developed. To solve the problem of data sparsity of the recommendation algorithm, the SVD technology is applied to collaborative filtering algorithm for optimizing the user item rating matrix. The recommendation algorithm includes two parts: generating medical user profile in accurate recommendation of medical information, and realizing the storage, query and update of user profile, where the index system of medical portrait was established from demographic attribute, interest label dimension and business social dimension. The performances of the developed algorithm are investigated by compared with the traditional cosine similarity and Pearson similarity. The results show that the proposed similarity has a lower mean absolute error and significantly improves the accuracy of the system.
Patterns in spatial use and movement of Silver Carp among tributaries and main-stem rivers: Insight from otolith microchemistry analysis
Authors: Werner Jacob P , Dean Quintin J , Pegg Mark A , Hamel Martin J
Published: April 2021

Invasive Silver Carp (Hpophthalmichthys molitrix) have established populations throughout the Missouri River basin, including in the Kansas River. Understanding the spatial extent under which these invasive fish function in large, open river systems is crucial to inform management efforts. The Kansas River may play a vital role in the life-cycle of Silver Carp in the Missouri River basin as the main-stem Missouri River has undergone a multitude of alterations, creating a channel with greater mean depths and velocities. Here, we used otolith microchemistry of Silver Carp from the Kansas River to reconstruct environmental histories as a means to assess the proportions of resident and transient individuals. Silver Carp within the Kansas River were predominantly residents (adults = 54%; juveniles = 65%) with the majority of reproduction coming from within the Kansas River itself. These results suggest removal efforts in the Kansas River may be effective means of managing this invasive fish species. Transient individuals exhibited short durations of signatures indicative of the Missouri River (mean percent of data points for adults = 10% and juveniles = 36%), suggesting movements into the Missouri River were brief. These results highlight the importance of connectivity of tributary habitat among large rivers and provides important information for invasive species management.
Early Postoperative Effects of Uncomplicated Phacoemulsification Surgery on Corneal Endothelial Cells and Thickness in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome
Authors: EKİCİ EREN , Keles Ali , Kahraman Süleyman Korhan
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To compare early postoperative effects of uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery on corneal endothelial cells and thickness in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX).Methods: One eye each of 32 patients with PEX and 32 age-matched non-PEX subjects was evaluated preoperatively and on 1st, 7th, and 30th days after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery in this retrospective case-control study. Nuclear firmness, corneal edema (CE), anterior chamber reaction (ACR) intensity were graded by a slit-lamp microscope. Endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in cell area (CV), hexagonal cell ratio (HEX), and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured using a noncontact specular microscope.Results: There was no significant group-difference in age, sex, corneal edema (CE), anterior chamber reaction (ACR), coefficient of variation in cell area (CV), and hexagonal cell ratio (HEX). Mean effective phaco time (EPT) was significantly lower intraoperatively (p<0.001) and logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) values of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were significantly higher on both 1st (p<0.001), 7th (p=0.011), and 30th (p=0.025) days postoperatively in the PEX group than in the non-PEX group. Mean ECD was significantly lower in the PEX group than in the non-PEX group on 7th (p=0.013), and 30th (p=0.037) days postoperatively. The mean CCT significantly differed only on 1st (p<0.001) day postoperatively.Conclusion: Eyes with PEX presented lower corneal ECD and decreased BCVA after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery. Further, there was no association between CCT and PEX existence preoperatively and in the early postoperative period.
Risk Assessment at Puerto Vallarta due to a Local Tsunami.
Authors: Gomez Elizabeth Trejo , Núñez-Cornú Francisco Javier
Published: April 2021

The Jalisco region in western Mexico is one of the most seismically active in the country. The city of Puerto Vallarta is located at Bahía de Banderas on the northern coast of Jalisco., Currently there exists a Seismic Gap in the Northern coast of Jalisco (Vallarta Gap). Historically seismogenic tsunamis have affected the coast of Jalisco. In this work, the risk due to a local tsunami in the city of Puerto Vallarta is a function of the interaction between hazard and vulnerability. We model the tsunami hazard, generation and propagation, using the initial conditions for a great earthquake (Mw ≥ 8.0) similar to those that occurred in 1787 at Oaxaca and in 1995 at Tenacatita Bay, Jalisco. Vulnerability is estimated with available data for the years 2010–2015 with sociodemographic variables and the location of government, commercial or cultural facilities. The area with the highest vulnerability and risk is between the valleys of the Ameca and Pitillal Rivers, extending to a distance greater than 5.1 km from the coastline and affecting an area of 30.55 km2. This study does not consider the direct damage caused by the tsunamigenic earthquake and aftershocks; it assumes that critical buildings in the region, mostly hotels, would not collapse after the earthquake and could serve as a refuge for its users. The first (It) tsunami wave arrives to Puerto Vallarta (Cuale) 19 min after the earthquake with a height (Hi) of 3.7 m, the Run Up (At) arrives 74 min after earthquake with a height (Hr) of 5.6 m.
Calcitriol Exerts Prophylactic Anti-Mycobacterium Effect In A Dose-Dependent Manner
Authors: Li Jianguo , Li Zhen , Gao Zefeng , Xia Juan , Cui Jia , Zhang Jialei , Wu Changxin
Published: April 2021

Vitamin D was empirically applied for Tuberculosis (TB) treatment in the past, and is currently used as an adjuvant for TB therapy. Although an increasing pile of evidences suggests that vitamin D has no therapeutic effect against TB infection, the prophylactic effect of vitamin D in preventing TB remains largely undetermined. To experimentally valuate the potential prophylactic effect of calcitriol (the active form of vitamin D) against mycobacterium infection, we performed dose-gradient calcitriol soaking in 30-day-old zebrafish before Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) challenge through tail vein injection. 1H-NMR metabolomics analysis was further performed for illustration of potential mechanisms underlying the prophylactic effect of calcitriol against M. marinum. The results suggested that calcitriol exerts dose-dependent prophylactic anti-mycobacterium effects, i.e., the bacterial load and the corresponding inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) expressions in M. marinum challenged zebrafish were reduced by low-dose (25 µg/L) or high-dose (2500 µg/L) calcitriol soaking, rather than by moderate-dose (250 µg/L) calcitriol soaking. Body weight of the M. marinum challenged zebrafish was recovered by high-dose prophylactic calcitriol soaking rather than by low-dose or moderate-dose calcitriol. The 1H-NMR metabolomic profiling identified 29 metabolites with altered abundance among the dose-gradient calcitriol groups, among which 22 metabolites were co-varied with the dose of calcitriol, the rest 7 metabolites were co-varied with the bacterial load and the inflammatory response in term of cytokine expression. Further pathway analysis indicated that the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathway was the activated in both of the two metabolite groups, indicating that the pathway was altered by dose-gradient of calcitriol and was in response to M. marinum infection in zebrafish. The results of the present study suggested that the activation of glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathway may play a potential role for the dose-dependent anti-mycobacterium effect induced by prophylactic calcitriol soaking.
Nutrient Intake, Dietary Patterns, and Anthropometric Indices of Children with ADHD in Comparison to Healthy Controls: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Salvat Habibeh , Mohammadi Mehriar Nader , Molavi Parviz , Mostafavi Seyed Ali , Rostami Reza , Salehinejad Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2021

Background: Poor health behaviors and indices are recently reported in Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) lifestyle which might be relevant to the pathophysiology of this disorder. The objective of this case-control study was to assess the nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric indices in ADHD children compared to normal peers. Method: 100 children diagnosed with ADHD were included and compared to healthy, sex-matched normal children as the control group. Anthropometric indices, macronutrients, and micronutrients were measured and compared in both groups. Results: ADHD children were significantly consuming more simple sugars, tea, ready-made meals but less protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, zinc and calcium compared to the control group. The body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference of ADHD children were significantly higher and were related to the severity and type of the disease. Conclusion: Unhealthy lifestyle behavior is higher in ADHD which might warrants lifestyle intervention in this disorder.
Generation of Reducing Sugars from Corncob by Magnetic Carbon-Based Solid Acid Pretreatment Combined with In Situ Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Authors: Lu Si , Wang Qiong , Wang Xiaoman , Liang Cuiyi , Fu Juan , Xu Zihan , Wang Zhongming , Yuan Zhenhong , Yue Jun , Qi Wei
Published: April 2021

The efficient conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose in lignocellulosic biomass to reducing sugars remains as one major challenge for the development of biorefinery. In this work, corncob saccharification in the aqueous phase was realized efficiently via pretreatment by magnetic carbon-based solid acid (MMCSA) catalyst, combined with the subsequent in situ enzymatic hydrolysis (occurring in the same pretreatment system after MMCSA separation). Under the optimized pretreatment conditions (the ratio of corncob, catalyst and water is 1:1:20 (g:g:mL), 160°C for 20 min) and in situ enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulase loading of 20 FPU / g, 24 h), an xylose yield of 88.77% and an enzymatic digestibility of 91.24% were obtained, respectively. Compared with the traditional enzymatic process, the present in situ enzymatic system has advantages of reduced enzyme loading, water consumption, and improved saccharification efficiency. Thus, this study provides a more sustainable and effective method for the saccharification of hemicellulose and cellulose in the corncob to produce reducing sugars.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Disease Severity and Serum Levels of Zinc, Calcium and Vitamin D in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Jahangirimehr Azam , Khalighi Azam , Shahvali Elham Abdolahi , Labibzadeh Mostafa , Bahmanyari Nasrin
Published: April 2021

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 is spreading rapidly worldwide these days so that it has infected people in many countries. It is a zoonotic virus and the cause of COVID-19 infectious pneumonia. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic on January 30, 2020. Given that no standard treatment has been found for the new coronavirus so far, the present study seeks a way to reduce the incidence and severity of the disease along with health protocols. Some of the factors possibly effective in getting less infected by the SARS-CoV-2 are|taking medication supplements such as zinc, calcium, and vitamin D.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from May 13 to May 30, 2020, on 93 COVID-19 patients admitted to Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Shushtar in southwestern Iran. Some patients' laboratory and clinical of were collected and analyzed using the Chi-squared test, the independent t-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient by IBM SPSS Statistics 18.0 software.FindingsThe severity of the disease (40%) of 37 patients was severe in pulmonary involvement. Serum levels of vitamin D and zinc were lower than the average in all patients. Still, the severity of COVID-19 in patients was not significantly different from their zinc serum levels (P = 0.216). Serum vitamin D was not significantly different (P = 0.102). The severity of COVID-19 in patients was significantly different according to serum calcium levels (P = 0.005). The lower the calcium level, the more severe the disease.ConclusionGiven that the supplementation's effect in preventing COVID-19 has not been confirmed and no study has been published on the appropriate dose of these supplements in COVID-19, taking economically viable calcium-rich food sources, including dairy, is recommended.