bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bias corrected maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the generalized normal distribution
Authors: Gül Hasan Hüseyin , Doğru Fatma Zehra
Published: December 2024

The generalized normal (GN) distribution was defined as a generalization of the normal, Laplace, and uniform distributions, with extensive application areas modeling different data settings. At the same time, its maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) are biased in finite samples. Since such biases may affect the accuracy of estimates, we consider constructing unbiased estimators for unknown parameters of GN distribution. This article adopts the bias-corrected approach, following the analytical methodology suggested by Cox and Snell [1]. Additionally, we explore both regular biases and parametric Bootstrap bias correction techniques. A comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to compare the performances of these estimators in estimating GN parameters. Finally, a real data example is presented to illustrate the application of methods.
The Dual Effect of Lithium Chloride on the Efficiency of Generating Mouse-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Kuznetsov A. V. , Skvortsova E. V. , Tomilin A. N. , Tsimokha A. S.
Published: December 2024

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using certain factors. The low efficiency of the reprogramming, as well as the heterogeneity of iPSCs, limits the potential application for iPSCs in cell therapy. Here, we show that lithium chloride (LiCl), a known activator of the Wnt signaling pathway, reduces or enhances the efficiency of iPSC generation from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) depending on the timing of its addition during the reprogramming. Our results not only demonstrate a method to improve the efficiency of iPSC formation by LiCL, but also indicate its dual role in this process.
Layered Coordination Polymers Based on the Cluster Complexes [Re6Q8(CN)6]4– (Q = S or Se) and Dimeric Cations {(Ag(Dppe))2(μ-Dppe)}2+
Authors: Litvinova Yu. M. , Gaifulin Ya. M. , Sukhikh T. S. , Brylev K. A. , Mironov Yu. V.
Published: December 2024

The reactions of salts of cluster anions [Re6Q8(CN)6]4– with the [Ag(CN)2]– dicyanoargentate anion in the presence of 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane are studied. Two new coordination polymers, [{(Ag(Dppe))2 (µ-Dppe)}2{Re6S8(CN)6}]⋅H2O (I) and [{(Ag(Dppe))2(µ-Dppe)}2{Re6Se8(CN)6}]0,85[{(Ag(Dppe))(Ag(DppeSe))(µ-Dppe)}2{Re6Se8(CN)6}]0,15 (II), are prepared by the solvothermal synthesis. The XRD study of single crystals of the compounds (CIF files CCDC nos. 2341356 (I) and 2341355 (II)) shows their layered structures. The XRD study of crystalline powders of the compounds shows that the synthesis of compound II leads to the formation of two crystalline phases, one of which is isostructural to compound I. The luminescence parameters of the solid-state compounds (quantum yields, emission lifetimes) resemble the parameters of other coordination polymers based on the [Re6Q8(CN)6]4– ions.
The study of TRPV1 channelsof the central nervous systemand their effect on anxiety in ICR mice
Authors: Pavlov V. M. , Fedotova A. Yu. , Andreev Y. A. , Palikov V. A. , Dyachenko I. A.
Published: December 2024

The TRPV1 channel is actively involved in various neuronal processes and is found in various structures of the nervous system, including peripheral and central neurons, sensory ganglia, spinal cord and various parts of the brain. Due to its ability to respond to various stimuli, TRPV1 can have a significant impact on the body’s responses to stress. Studies indicate the involvement of TRPV1 in the regulation of anxiety behavior. Suppression of TRPV1 activity leads to a decrease in the level of anxiety in animals, which indicates the importance of this channel in psychoemotional regulation. A promising compound for inhibiting this channel is the APHC3 peptide, which is a selective receptor antagonist. The results obtained in the course of our study show that this peptide has a pronounced anxiolytic effect, reducing the level of anxiety in the studied animals.
Study Using the Micronuclear Test of Radiosensitivity and Induction Radiation of Adaptive Response in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Oncological Diseases
Authors: Balakin V. E. , Rozanova O. M. , Strelnikova N. S. , Smirnova E. N. , Belyakova T. A.
Published: December 2024

Radiosensitivity to low and medium doses of X-ray radiation (XR) and the ability to induce a radiation adaptive response (RAR) of lymphocytes during in vitro irradiation of peripheral blood of patients with cancer were studied. The criterion for cytogenetic damage was the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin-blocked binucleate lymphocytes in culture. It was found that the spontaneous level of cytogenetic damage in the lymphocytes of patients was 2.6 times higher than in healthy volunteers, and there was also significant interindividual variability in values compared to the control cohort. There were no differences in mean values for radiosensitivity to low and medium doses of XR between the study groups. There was no correlation between the spontaneous level of MN in lymphocytes and the radiosensitivity of individuals in both groups. RAR was induced with the same frequency and to the same extent in lymphocytes from both patients and healthy individuals.
Ammonites of the Collignoniceratinae subfamily in the Turonian stage (upper cretaceous) of Western Siberia and their significance for stratigraphy and palaeogeography
Authors: Rogov M. A. , Marinov V. A. , Barboshkin E. Y. , Igol’nikov A. E. , Koshtyak M. M.
Published: December 2024

The presence of ammonites of the subfamily Collignoniceratinae has been established in the Turonian Stage of Western Siberia. These findings allowed us to recognize the Collignoniceras woollgari zone in the Middle Turonian of this region, as well as to recognize the peculiarities of ammonite dispersal in the Arctic and clarify the palaeogeography of the Turonian age. Based on the frequency of occurrence of Collignoniceras woollgari regulare in the boreholes in the north of Western Siberia, their penetration into the West Siberian basin through the Arctic from the Western Interiort Sea of North America is most likely. For the first time Collignoniceratinae were determined in the Upper Turonian of the Yangoda River (west of the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough).
Trace elements in the sediment cores of lakes on King George Island, Antarctica
Authors: Slukovskii Z. I. , Guzeva A. V.
Published: December 2024

Primary studies of the concentrations of rare elements in the sediments of two lakes on King George Island (Kitezh and Glubokoe) showed that their geochemistry reflects the geological features of the area. Compared to the upper part of the Earth's crust, the studied sediments are enriched in Cu, Cd, V, Tl, Mn, Ti and P. Similar patterns have been identified in the geochemistry of volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Fildes Peninsula. Trends in REE changes generally follow their behavior in rocks, but the overall REE concentration in sediments of lakes is higher, which may be due to the presence of organic matter accumulating in sediments of water bodies. Unlike the aquatic environment, the chemical composition of sediments does not reflect the significant influence of the activities of polar stations. However, small increases in Pb and Sb concentrations in the upper sediments suggest the influence of long-range atmospheric transport of the contaminants.
Estimation of the helicity of atmospheric disturbances caused by gravity field inhomogeneities
Authors: Ingel L. K. , Makosko A. A.
Published: December 2024

The helicity of atmospheric disturbances caused by inhomogeneities in the gravity field is theoretically estimated. For this purpose, a three-dimensional stationary analytical model of linear disturbances introduced by spatial inhomogeneities of the gravity field into the background geostrophic flow of a stratified rotating medium (atmosphere) was used. From the solution found, it follows that in highly anomalous regions the amplitude of the helicity of emerging disturbances can be noticeable.
Transformations of the bottom pressure variations, generated by marine infragravity waves into displacements of the upper layer of the earth’s crust. Quantitative assessment
Authors: Dolgikh G. I. , Budrin S. S. , Dolgikh S. G.
Published: December 2024

A quantitative assessment of the transformation of the bottom pressure variations, generated by infragravity waves into displacements of the upper layer of the Earth's crust has been made on the basis of experimental data, obtained with a laser meter of hydrosphere pressure variations and two laser strainmeters. The dependence of the coefficient of transformation of bottom pressure into elastic vibrations of the Earth's crust on the periods of infragravity waves was determined.
On the reasons for the long-term variability of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the upper layer of the Black Sea
Authors: Polonsky A. B. , Valle A. A.
Published: December 2024

According to archival data for the period from 1923 to 2022 long-term (interdecadal and interannual) variability of dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature in the surface layer of the Black Sea in the spring hydrological season (from May to June) is analyzed. It was revealed that from 1923 to 1932 on the northwestern shelf and in the open part of the Black Sea, the lowest oxygen concentrations were observed over the entire period of instrumental observations (approximately 100 years). Negative anomalies in dissolved oxygen exceeded (in absolute value) the corresponding anomalies noted during the period of eutrophication of the Black Sea waters in the last decades of the 20th century. The main reason for the extreme anomalies discovered in the 1920s is the increase in the temperature of the surface layer of the Black Sea waters during this period.
The first pollen record of the yonger Dryas in the south of the Russian Far East
Authors: Belyanin P. S. , Belyanina N. I.
Published: December 2024

The high-resolution pollen record retrieved from dated sediments of the Khanka Depression made it possible for the first time to reconstruct evolution of vegetation in the south of the Russian Far East that occurred during one of the coldest phase of MIS 2 – the Yonger Dryas. The results of palynological analysis showed that strong global cooling occurred after the first, slight warming between 18200 and 15500 cal BP, which followed after one of the coldest and driest Gydan Stage of the Sartan Glaciation, again led to spread of boreal flora plants. The spruce and small-leaved forests, sparse larch and dwarf birch, alder and elfin pine forests, and also Sphagnum mires dominated in the ecosystems of the region. This plants were typical of the south of the Russian Far East during the drier and colder Gydan Stage of the Sartan Glaciation. Their ranges under the cold climate, which were significantly different from the modern ones, due to increasing cooling, again began to shift southward.
The first in Russia long 377-year tree-ring chronology based on charcoals from ancient Altai iron-smelting furnaces (mountains of Southern Siberia)
Authors: Myglan V. S. , Barinov V. V. , Agatova A. R. , Nepop R. K. , Filatova M. O.
Published: December 2024

Charcoal is a common material for radiocarbon dating and is underestimated as an object of dendrochronological analysis – a method that allows dating natural and historical-archaeological events with an accuracy of up to a year. The new approach to charcoal sample preparation developed by the authors removes previously existing restrictions on the use of this fragile material in dendrochronological studies and allows it to be used as an effective source of information in paleoecology, paleoclimatology, paleogeography and archaeology. Applying this approach, a 377-year tree-ring chronology was constructed using archaeological coals from ancient iron-smelting furnaces in the Chuya-Kurai ferrous metallurgy province of the Russian Altai. This is the first tree-ring chronology of charcoal in Russia and the longest in the world dendrochronological practice. Its further analysis will provide new information about the nature and archaeological events of the high mountain region located in the center of Eurasia.
Axisymmetric spreading of hydrocarbons over the ice cover
Authors: Chaplina T. O. , Kistovich A. V. , Pachnenko V. P.
Published: December 2024

The results of experimental and theoretical investigations of hydrocarbon’s spills spreading over the ice cover are presented. On the basement of the mass and ener-gy conservation model the approximate equation, describing the dynamics of spreading area in a time, is constructed. The comparison of theoretical and experimental results shows its good correspondence.
الحملات الاجتماعية وأثرها في الوقاية من المخدرات
Authors: المراشدة صالح , الطائي آلاء
Published: December 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرف على مدى اتباع حملات الوقاية ضد المخدرات المقدمة للوالدين في امارة الشارقة على المعايير العالمية للوقاية من المخدرات، والتعرف على هذا التقييم وفقا لمتغيرات الجنس وعمل الوالدين والتحصيل العلمي للوالدين، وكيف يمكن تطوير هذه الحملات، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم اعداد استبانة باعتماد نظرية الضبط الاجتماعي والتي تم تطبيقها على عينة عشوائية طبقية تتألف من أحد الوالدين (الأم أو الأب) لطلبة جامعة الشارقة بالأسلوب المتناسب، وباستخدام منهج المسح الاجتماعي. وقد أشارت النتائج الى أن الحملات المقدمة تتبع المعايير العالمية للوقاية من المخدرات عند تصميم حملات الوقاية المقدمة للوالدين وهناك فرق بين الذكور والاناث في تقيمهم للحملات وهناك فرق في التقييم وفقا للتحصيل العلمي للوالدين لصالح حملة شهادة البكلوريوس، وقد أوصت الدراسة بتكثيف الحملات لما لها من فاعلية في الحد من تعاطي المخدرات.
وصف الطبيعة الصامتة في رسائل العصر المملوكي الأول
Authors: محسن علي
Published: December 2024

شكل فن الرسائل الديوانية والإخوانية ركناً هاماً في مدونة الأدب العربي، وقد نما خلال العصر العباسي واصبحت له قواعد وبُنية محددة، وقد ناله مانال الشعر من تغير، فقد أثقله التكلف والتصنع البديعي.
   وقد سار كُتّاب العصر المملوكي باتجاهات مختلفة لتطوير هذا الفن، وظهرت مصنفات كثيرة تؤسس له، ويعد ابن فضل الله العمري أبرز أعلام الكتابة الفنية في العصر المملوكي الأول تنظيراً وتطبيقاً، ويمكن عد كتابه (الشتويات) انموذجاً مميزاً للرسائل الاخوانية، فهو يحوي العشرات من الرسائل المتبادلة بين العمري وكتّاب وعلماء عصره، ولذلك فهو يعكس المدى الذي وصله فن الرسائل في القرن الثامن للهجرة.
   وتنماز رسائل الشتويات بميلها الى التجديد في البُنية، فقد تجاوز أغلب الكتّاب والعلماء المطلع والختام التقليدي، ولكن هذه الرسائل لم تتخلص من قيود التكلف والصناعة البديعية.
A Critical Analysis of African Development in the New Millennium
Authors: AKINBODE Oluseyi , OGUNBANJO Bimbo
Published: December 2024

Africa is a continent undergoing rapid change. However, a lot of people continue to be ignorant of it due to myths and misinformation. In many ways, Africa is a marginalized continent. Still, there is no denying that things are shifting and will probably change much more quickly. This paper examines the claims made for and against "good governance" in terms of its actual contributions to development. In three areas—the consequences for Africa's economic development, the evidence-based approach to the "good governance" objective, and its impact on the continent—it offers a concise synopsis of the research and evidence. The following sections cover the following subjects: The second section looks at the history of the debate over African governance from the 1970s to the 1990s; the third section looks at the arguments and rebuttals that have dominated academic discourse since 2000; the fourth section applies the findings to the issue of moving Africa from economic growth to economic transformation; and the fifth section concludes that comprehensive governance reform is not always necessary for developing Africa to advance economically.
تحليل الأخطاء في ترجمة النصوص القانونية من الإنجليزية إلى الكردية
Authors: علي فيان , دوسكي هكار , سليم حنين
Published: December 2024

غالبًا ما تعتبر ترجمة النصوص القانونية من أصعب أنواع الترجمة بسبب العواقب المحتملة لأي تفسير خاطئ. يواجه طلاب الترجمة في جامعة دهوك صعوبات مع مادة الترجمة القانونية ويرتكبون بسبب ذلك أخطاءا عند ترجمة المستندات القانونية من الإنجليزية إلى الكردية وذلك لعدم توفر المصادر اللازمة. نظرا لندرة البحوث والدراسات العلمية في هذا المجال، تبحث هذه الدراسة في أنواع وتكرار الأخطاء التي يرتكبها طلاب السنة النهائية في القسم المذكور لتحديد أخطاء الترجمة الشائعة المرتكبة لديهم وفهم التحديات التي يواجهونها في هذا المجال التخصصي. من خلال استخدام منهجية متعددة (كمية و نوعية) قامت الدراسة بتحليل الأخطاء الموجودة في 58 عينة عبارة عن ترجمة لوثيقة قانونية من اللغة الإنجليزية إلى الكردية من قبل 58 طالبًا في السنة الرابعة. ولأن الدراسة توقعت أن تكون الأخطاء النحوية هي السائدة نتيجة التفاوت النحوي بين هاتين اللغتين، فقد اعتمدت نموذج نا فام (2005) المعتمد لتحليل أخطاء الترجمة. من خلال تحليل البيانات تم تشخيص 1272 خطأ نحويا تم تصنيفها إلى أخطاء قواعدية، ونحوية، وصرفية، ومتلازمات لفظية. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الأخطاء القواعدية هي الأخطاء الأكثر شيوعًا، حيث شكلت 49.89% من الإجمالي، مع كون عدم استخدام حروف الجر بشكل صحيح وأخطاء أشكال الإعراب الأكثر شيوعًا. بلغت نسبة الأخطاء النحوية 22.01% وشملت الأفعال المفقودة وترتيب الكلمات غير الصحيح. تمثل الأخطاء الصرفية 26.10% من الإجمالي، وقد تمثلت في المقام الأول باختيار الكلمات الخاطئة. وكانت أخطاء المتلازمات اللفظية هي الأقل شيوعاً بنسبة 2.98%. يهدف هذا البحث إلى المساهمة في تحسين المناهج الدراسية للطلاب من خلال تحديد مواطن الضعف الأكثر شيوعاً لدى الطلاب والمعلمين. وتدعو الدراسة أيضًا إلى إجراء مزيد من البحث في هذا المجال لفهم التحديات والاستراتيجيات الخاصة بالترجمة القانونية الفعالة بشكل أفضل.
المكان في رواية الخيال العلمي (أجوان) لنورة النومان
Authors: الطنيجي موزة , درابسة محمود
Published: December 2024

يحظى أدب الخيال العلمي في العالم المتقدم باهتمام بالغ في الأوساط الأدبية النقدية. ولا يمكن البحث في رواية الخيال العلمي في الإمارات دون أن يأتي اسم الكاتبة نورة أحمد النومان، التي تُعد أول كاتبة وروائية متخصصة في مجال الخيال العلمي. فمن خلال هذا البحث نلقي الضوء على أول روائية إماراتية كتبت رواية الخيال العلمي في روايتها (أجوان). فالخيال العلمي هو الوسيلة المثلى للربط بين الثقافة الأدبية والثقافة العلمية، وهو نوع من الخيال يتخذ من واقع التقدم العلمي والتكنولوجي في المجتمع والأفراد موضوعه الأساسي. اهتم النقاد والباحثين بالمكان لأهميته كعنصر أصيل ومكون أساسي لا يمكن التغاضي عنه أو إغفاله في دراسة النص، إذ الشخصيات تتحرك في حيز مكاني، والأحداث لابد لها من مكان تقع أو تدور فيه. فكل عنصر من عناصر الرواية له أهميته الخاصة.
Analysis of natural and technological factors of changes in exogeodynamic conditions of mine No. 2 of the Stebnytsky potassium deposit as a consequence of self-rehabilitation flooding
Authors: Zabulonov Yu. L. , Khevpa Z. Z. , Bahrii I. D. , Kryl Ia. M. , Vyzhva S. A.
Published: December 2024

The Stebnytsy deposit of potash salts is located in the foothills of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the field’s operation due to the development of a thick layers of loose and water-soluble rocks are difficult of loose and water-soluble rocks are complex and therefore sensitive to mining-technological influences, extraction of rocks, deformation of the surface, hydrographic network, activation of the interaction of surface and groundwater. The most threatening situation was at mine No. 2, where in 1978, due to too intensive blasting, violation of waterproof layers, loosening and increase of water permeability, reduction of rock strength, an emergency breakthrough of super-saline waters occurred in the spent chambers of the first horizon. The total inflow of brines during the years of existence of the flow here constantly increased and reached up to 1700 m³/day, in 2002, the outflow of suprasaline waters developed in 22 points and acquired an irreversibly negative character, suffusion-diffusion processes began to develop actively. During the operation of the mine, ore extraction was carried out for a long time without laying out spent cavities, as a result of which more than 15 million m³ of unlined cavities were formed at the mine, the deformations of which disturbed the geodynamic regime of the salt-bearing massif with the subsequent development of sedimentary and karst-failure processes. In 2004, a comprehensive project for the conservation of mine No. 2 and the reclamation of disturbed lands was approved in order to restore the ecological balance in this area. Mine conservation works were carried out behind the design schedule, which led to the failure of the main provisions of the project and increased the danger due to the expansion of existing karst cavities and the formation of new ones. It can be argued that the works on the conservation of mine No. 2, including: preparation of brines, feeding them to underground mine workings, laying of chambers, etc., were carried out in a timely and incomplete manner, which does not ensure the cessation of negative consequences for the natural environment and ecological safety. The results of our research can be used in the future in the development of projects for the conservation or liquidation of salt mines.
Science in the age of post-truth: accomplice or accomplice?
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Sokolova Olesya I.
Published: December 2024

In this reply to the article by S.V. Shibarshina, the viewpoint is substantiated, according to which the characterization of science as an “accomplice” in the construction of the agen-da narrows the semantic concept of post-truth. Using the example of considering com-munication phenomena that somehow corre-late with this concept, the author proposes a more generalized interpretation of the post-truth, not limited to situations of malicious intent, including allowing its neutral assess-ments. In this interpretation, post-truth rep-resents the possibility of complicity, for ex-ample, for entertainment purposes. It is not-ed that the blurring of the boundaries be-tween truth, ambiguity, error and deception is a feature of post-truth. The author proposes a different version of the role of science as an accomplice, or like-minded person, in the presentation of information
On the symbolic power of the phrase “science has proven...
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Tkachev Andrey N.
Published: December 2024

The article studies the problem of symbolic power in an environment favorable to post-truth. The article analyzes different meanings which the phrase “science has proven” ac-quires in natural sciences, humanities, philos-ophy, and commonplace sense. The author considers the debate about the scientific na-ture of theology as an example of how the church strives to obtain the symbolic capital that science currently possesses. The author concludes that the phrase “science has prov-en” along with such concepts as “scientific”, “professor”, etc. can be used as the tools of symbolic power to manipulate public opinion. Symbolic power and the post-truth can affect science, blur and change its boundaries. The author shows that the use of symbolic power can also have negative consequences if it turns out that there is no real content behind the symbolic power of phrases. The author notes that symbolic power will increase with the growth of information, which a person is unable to comprehend and rationally evaluate
On the symbolic power of science: some remarks and explanations
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University, Shibarshina Svetlana V.
Published: December 2024

This article considers the comments received as responses to my article When science is made an ‘accomplice’: The symbolic power of scientific knowledge, as well as a report of the same name made earlier during an academic seminar of the Department of Philosophy at Lobachevsky State University. I complement my study with further reflections on the sym-bolic power of science and post-truth. I pro-pose an expanded understanding of the prob-lem of the symbolic power of science as en-compassing both lay people and the scientific community. For a better understanding of this, a description is given of such concepts used by P. Bourdieu himself as “habitus” and “doxa”. Symbolic power is interpreted as an indirect form of influence, softer, less notice-able and less recognizable compared to di-rect, open coercion; as coercion through trust to agree with a certain picture of the world, a certain agenda as a self-evident truth. I as-sume that falling under the symbolic power of science occurs, apparently, in the process of forming educated thinking and becoming fa-miliar with the scientific habitus. In my arti-cle, I focus on the fact that by post-truth I mean not only cases of intentional decep-tion, but also other, more complex situations. Regarding the metaphor of accomplice, I ex-plain that it has been chosen to accentuate my research focus and convey different con-texts in which various agents use the epistem-ic status of science. In conclusion, I note that the fight against post-truth, in science com-munication also, should not create new idols and requires everyone to take responsibility for their own choice of opinion leaders.
On a Simplified Mathematical Model for an Onboard Manoeuvring Simulator and Its Potential Applications to Ship Control
Authors: Biancardi C.G.
Published: December 2024

This paper suggests a simplified mathematical model for an onboard manoeuvring simulator. Concerning the human factors affecting manoeuvring situations, it seems clearly evident that at least two factors affect the skill requirements of master mariners: familiarity and recency of experience with ship type. So far, the possibility of having on board a real time compact manoeuvring onboard simulator would give to ship officers a chance for self-training in a real trim condition in order to quickly achieve the needed familiarity and recency of experience. Lengthy scenario, such as a ship negotiating a long buoyed channel, could be run quickly on a fast time computer in the onboard simulator, enabling the master to anticipate his manoeuvring decision result.

The mathematical ship's model used in this report is the simple first order Nomoto's model.

The block diagrams and the further research efforts presented in this report are the research guidelines of the Istituto Universitario Navale at Naples, Italy, for designing a shipborn manoeuvring simulator for ship control.
Stability and Complicated Rolling Responses of Ships in Regular Beam Seas
Authors: Nayfeh A.H. , Sanchez N.E.
Published: December 2024

An analytical procedure is presented for the prediction of the stability and complicated responses of a vessel rolling in regular seas. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated by considering unbiased and biased ships rolling in regular beam seas, where the relative waveslope and the frequency of encounter can be alternatively changed. The procedure generates bifurcation diagrams showing the regions of the parameter space where instabilities and deterioration of seaworthiness occur so that the designer can assess the dangers and overall seaworthiness of the craft under a variety of sea conditions.
Hydrodynamic Coefficients of a Floating Body over a Trenched Channel
Authors: Demirel Vedat , Wang Shen
Published: December 2024

Navigation of large ships over a dredged channel often experiences some unusual movements which do not commonly occur in an otherwise unrestricted waters. In particular, these distinctive and abrupt movements are more noticeable in the horizontal motions than in the vertical motions. This phenomenon, long been experienced by pilots navigating over dredged waterways, is indeed a hydrodynamic response of wave trapping inside the channel. For some particular matching of ship beam with the channel bank clearance, at some critical depth of the overbank, a ship may experience an unusual sharp increase or decrease of hydrodynamic pressure over the ship hull. This paper investigates the two-dimensional nature of this phenomenon. The problem for a two-dimensional body of arbitrary cross section oscillating on the free surface of a trenched channel is formulated and solved by a numerical boundary element technique. Results of the added mass and damping coefficients for a rectangular form hull are presented. The effects of the relative dimensions between the ship's beam, draft and the trench width, depth as well as the channel overbank depth are examined.
Manoeuvring Coefficients for a Wing-Model in Deep and Shallow Water Part I – Experiments and Test Results
Authors: Beukelman W.
Published: December 2024

A model of a surface-piercing wing has been towed through the water at three speeds in two opposite directions for different draughts and drift angles. The experiments were carried out in both deep and shallow water. Purpose of the tests was to measure the longitudinal and transverse forces on the wing-model. From the measured forces hydrostatic manoeuvring coefficients were determined as a function of the drift angle. In addition to these static measurements forced horizontal motion tests with a Planar Motion Mechanism (PMM) were carried out to determine the hydrodynamic manoeuvring coefficients. Calculations based on the potential theory and on the variation of the added mass impulse were carried out to determine the manoeuvring coefficients for small drift angles. Comparison with the measurements showed encouraging results to determine manoeuvring coefficients also for the velocity derivatives.

Both experiments and calculations showed a strong increase of the coefficients with draught and reduction of water depth.
Vibratory Response of Ship Hulls to Wave Impact Loads
Authors: Ramos J. , Guedes Soares C.
Published: December 2024

The present paper describes a method to predict the stresses induced on the ship hull when the forward bottom impacts in water. The relative motion between the ship and waves is determined using a linear strip method. The time history of the relative motion indicates the conditions for the occurrence of slamming. Several empirical methods for the evaluation of the slamming loads based on experimental results are compared. The vibratory response of the ship is calculated by modelling it with finite elements. The response is obtained by modal superposition using the central differences for the time integration. Results are presented of an example on a container ship. It as shown that very large differences are obtained for the slam induced vertical bending moment amidships depending on the method used to calculate the slamming forces.
Interaction of Ducted Propulsor and Stern for an Axisymmetric Hull
Authors: Brockett Terry E.
Published: December 2024

A numerical exploration of propulsor-stern interaction, with a predominately potential-flow representation of the flow field, is undertaken to evaluate thrust deduction and control-surface loads for an accelerating-duct, decelerating-duct and open propulsor of relatively large diameter on the same axisymmetric hullform. A boundary-element model of the annular foil shroud and the hull is coupled with a lifting-line model of the rotor to determine the flow field. Interaction fields are taken as axi-symmetric. For the examples considered, each propulsor is at nearly the diameter for minimum shaft horsepower. The estimates show that the superior open-water efficiency of the accelerating-duct propulsor is degraded by an increased thrust-deduction force component in the axial force balance for the propulsor-hull combination system while the propulsive efficiency of a decelerating-duct propulsor approaches that of the open propeller because of hull interaction, making the propulsive efficiency nearly the same for all three propulsors. Based on estimates from a lifting-line model of side force on a representative rudder located forward of the propulsor, increased course-keeping ability from the control surfaces is anticipated for an accelerating-duct propulsor relative to both an open propeller and decelerating-duct propulsor.
Hydrodynamic impact of sandwich structures with vibration isolation and structural damping properties
Authors: den Besten J.H. , Huijsmans R.H.M. , Vredeveldt A.
Published: December 2024

Foam filled hull structures show, especially for high speed crafts like RIB's, new opportunities. These hull structures, sandwich structures with aluminium or fibre reinforced plastic face sheets and a flexible foam core, large compared to the face sheet thickness, have the advantage of low density, high strength, water penetration resistance, high corrosion resistance and promising vibration isolation and structural damping characteristics. Particular advantage is expected in case of dynamic loading in environmental severe conditions.

Primary objective is to develop an analytical, 2D, mathematical model for the local structural response of a hydrodynamic impact loaded sandwich structure with vibration isolation and structural damping properties. The structural response is determined by solving semi-analytically a hydro-elastic coupled sandwich flexible core model and a hydrodynamic impact model in modal space, verified by results found in literature and FEM calculations.

Beyond structural weight savings and increased buoyancy, an increased comfort level and less fatigue damage sensitivity compared to stiffened panel hull structures may be obtained.
Ringing and springing response of triangular TLPs
Authors: Srinivasan Chandrasekaran , Gaurav Gaurav , Serino Giorgio , Miranda Salvatore
Published: December 2024

Certain class of offshore structures exhibit highly intense nonlinear behavior called springing and ringing. Dynamic response of compliant structures like Tension Leg Platforms (TLP) under impact and non-impact waves responsible for ringing and springing phenomenon is of large interest to marine engineers. This paper develops a mathematical formulation of impact and non-impact waves and discusses the method of analysis of TLPs of triangular geometry under these wave effect; response of square and equivalent triangular TLPs are compared. Heave response in square TLPs show bursts but there are no rapid build-ups; gradual decays are seen in most cases looking like a beat phenomenon while such results are not predominantly noticed in case of equivalent triangular TLPs. Ringing, caused by impact waves in pitch degree-of-freedom and springing, caused by non-impact waves in heave degree-of-freedom in both the platform geometries are undesirable as they pose serious threat to the platform stability. Analytical studies conducted show that equivalent triangular TLPs positioned at different water depth are less sensitive to these undesirable responses thus making it as a safe alternative for deepwater oil explorations.
Smart control of fast ships – Part 1: A setup for automated proactive control of the thrust used to increase the operability of a small planing monohull sailing in head seas
Authors: van Deyzen A.F.J. , Keuning J.A. , Huijsmans R.H.M.
Published: December 2024

While sailing in head or bow quartering seas operators on board of small planing boats try to avoid unacceptably large vertical peak accelerations, the main limiting factor for operability, by temporary speed reductions. The operators observe the incoming wave, roughly estimate whether or not the next impact might be too severe, and if so, they choose a certain amount of thrust reduction. Results of full scale trials suggested that an increase of operability may be realised using this so-called thrust control.

In this paper the concept of smart control for small planing monohulls sailing in head seas has been introduced. The idea of smart control is that a solution for the increase of the operability of small planing monohulls may be found by using automated proactive control of the thrust. The main purpose of smart control is to keep the vertical accelerations below a predefined threshold value while striving at the highest possible average forward speed during a trip. Three elements are essential for such a control system: a shipboard wave measurement system, a computational model that predicts the response and a stable control system for the thrust.
Benchmarking Open-ended Audio Dialogue Understanding for Large Audio-Language Models
Authors: Gao Kuofeng , Xia Shu-Tao , Xu Ke , Torr Philip , Gu Jindong
Published: December 2024

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have unclocked audio dialogue capabilities, where audio dialogues are a direct exchange of spoken language between LALMs and humans. Recent advances, such as GPT-4o, have enabled LALMs in back-and-forth audio dialogues with humans. This progression not only underscores the potential of LALMs but also broadens their applicability across a wide range of practical scenarios supported by audio dialogues. However, given these advancements, a comprehensive benchmark to evaluate the performance of LALMs in the open-ended audio dialogue understanding remains absent currently. To address this gap, we propose an Audio Dialogue Understanding Benchmark (ADU-Bench), which consists of 4 benchmark datasets. They assess the open-ended audio dialogue ability for LALMs in 3 general scenarios, 12 skills, 9 multilingual languages, and 4 categories of ambiguity handling. Notably, we _firstly propose the evaluation of ambiguity handling in audio dialogues_ that expresses different intentions beyond the same literal meaning of sentences, e.g., “Really!?” with different intonations. In summary, ADU-Bench includes over 20,000 open-ended audio dialogues for the assessment of LALMs. Through extensive experiments conducted on 13 LALMs, our analysis reveals that there is still considerable room for improvement in the audio dialogue understanding abilities of existing LALMs. In particular, they struggle with mathematical symbols and formulas, understanding human behavior such as roleplay, comprehending multiple languages, and handling audio dialogue ambiguities from different phonetic elements, such as intonations, pause positions, and homophones.
Quasi-Annals: data as a Component of the Formulaic of the Colophons of Old Rus Parchment Books
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Stolyarova Lyubov V.
Published: December 2024

The paper is dedicated to dates in the colophons of 11th- to 14th-century Old Rus parchment books as one of the key elements of their formulaic. Those inscriptions are one of the forms of non-annalistic recording of historical information (mainly concerning the fact of writing a book, the name of the commissioner, or group of commissioners, either private persons, or lay and ecclesiastical officials, or a religious house). Sometimes this main information is supplemented with mentioning of some events of general significance, so becoming closer to the annals. The author studies the structure of the date of colophons as well as the dating formula ‘in the time of X1, in the time of X2’, an additional way to define the time of writing. This structure of the date is compared with the corresponding elements of the formulaic of princely acts of Old Rus. The latter procedure contributes into the tackling of the problem of links between Old Rus scriptoria and the proto-chancery practice of lay and ecclesiastical rulers.
Smart Risk Management in DevOps Using AI
Authors: Katikireddi Phani Monogya
Published: December 2024

Risk management is critical to DevOps because it is crucial to deliver reliable solutions built efficiently and securely in CI/CD processes. The hierarchy of processes in the complex world means obstacles such as failed deployment and security risks are possible. Still, AI encompasses the key topics applied to risk management, such as big data analytics, intelligent anomaly detection, and innovative solutions that help to prevent risks. This report further proves the use of AI integrated into a CI/CD loop in an e-commerce platform by creating a dummy CICD pipeline. It also uses the Netflix case study to show how less downtime and more resilience were achieved. While integration and cost remain significant issues when adopting AI, the research reveals how AI is profoundly transformative in helping DevOps introduce proactive risk management solutions for more competent product management and enhanced security to improve performance.
RELASI IDENTIK ANTARA SEPAKBOLA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Adi Nugroho Prasetya , Hasani Zhul Fahmy , El Syam Robingun Suyud
Published: December 2024

Sepak bola telah menjadi salah satu olahraga penonton paling populer di planet ini. Ia tidak hanya menawarkan atraksi pertandingan di lapangan, namun juga menawarkan rangkaian ritual dan euforia kebersamaan bagi penontonnya. Maka dari itu, diperlukan ulasan untuk memahami sepakbola dikaitkan dengan agama Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengulas relasi identik antara sepakbola dengan pendidikan Islam. Kerangka sistematika dan transparansi digunakan untuk mencari, memilih dan melaporkan artikel yang relevan. Penelitian ini mensintesis kumpulan artikel yang teridentifikasi dengan menggunakan analisis kepustakaan, dimana setiap artikel diidentifikasi untuk dilihat relevansinya. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sepakbola identik dengan ajaran agama Islam, dimana spirit sportifitas menjadi aturan main yang mesti ditaati dalam sepakbola, dan ketakwaan menjadi simbol ketaatan beragama. Ketaatan pada aturan atau nilai agama merupakan hasil yang hendak capai dalam pendidikan Islam. Laporan ini menyoroti jalur penelitian di masa depan dan mengidentifikasi kesenjangan di bidang pendidikan Islam dalam sepakbola. Implikasi penelitian, peneliti pendidikan Islam dalam sepakbola dan praktisi senior dapat menggunakan tinjauan literatur ini untuk meninjau literatur sepakbola dan agama terkini. Hal ini juga dapat bermanfaat bagi peneliti non pendidikan Islam yang bermaksud melakukan penelitian multidisiplin. Penelitian ini melihat ruang literatur pendidikan Islam dalam sepakbola dengan mempertimbangkan literatur terkini dan perspektif yang segar.
STRATEGI MENGATASI SISWA YANG TIDUR SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Abubakar Sarwan , Aziziy Yunia Nabila
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kebiasaan tidur siswa selama pembelajaran di kelas 8C SMP Negeri 3 Sampang melalui metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan model Kurt Lewin. Dilakukan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2023/2024, penelitian melibatkan 32 siswa dengan fokus pada perubahan pola tidur dan konsentrasi belajar. Dari hasil penelitian, strategi internal dan eksternal terbukti efektif, termasuk upaya untuk memotivasi siswa tentang dampak negatif kurang tidur terhadap kesehatan dan kinerja belajar, serta mengubah suasana kelas dan melakukan pembelajaran di luar kelas. Data menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas siswa mengalami gangguan pola tidur dan memiliki konsentrasi belajar yang baik. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya menjaga pola tidur yang baik untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan kesehatan siswa, dengan memperhatikan dampak teknologi seperti penggunaan smartphone.
LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Nadhiroh Yulsiva Anissatun , Tolchah Moch , Nu’man Moh.
Published: December 2024

The educational environment is not explained explicitly in the Qur'an, but there are several signs that indicate the existence of an educational environment. The family is the first educational environment in which children receive education. It is at this point in the family that the foundation of a child's personality is laid. School is a second environment that develops the environmental potential of children. School is an environment where students absorb academic values, including socializing with teachers and school friends. Society is an educational institution after family and school. The nuances of the various education that students receive in society cover all areas including the formation of habits, the formation of knowledge, attitudes, interests, as well as the formation of morality and religion. The natural environment is also used as a learning resource. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a library research approach with primary data sources, namely journals, articles and books related to discussions of the Islamic education environment. The results show that there are many verses in the Qur'an that explain the educational environment and classify them into three, namely: family educational environment, madrasa educational environment, and community educational environment. This educational environment is strongly correlated with each other to be able to develop human character according to Islam.
Key words: Educational, environment, Al-Qur'an
KONTRIBUSI MUHAMMAD AL-FATIH DALAM MENINGKATKAN ILMU MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI TURKI
Authors: Kumala Siti Fatmawati , Maslihah Anis , Rossidy Imron
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kontribusi Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih dalam meningkatkan ilmu melalui pengembangan pendidikan Islam di  Turki, ditinjau dari aspek historis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif adapun proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih dalam meningkatkan ilmu melalui pengembangan pendidikan Islam di Turki dapat dilihat dari upaya pendirian akademi dan sekolah, seperti penggunaan Masjid Ayashofia dan Zeyrek sebagai pusat pendidikan Islam pertama di Konstantinopel (Istanbul,Turki). Kemudian ia mengembangkan Darul Funun yang kini menjadi cikal bakal Istanbul university. Selain itu juga Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih membangun beberapa lembaga pendidikan diantaranya yaitu Madrasah Miftah, Madrasah Kirkha, Madrasah Ellili, Madrasah Sahn-I, Madrasah Altmish. Madrasah Hasiye-I Tecrid, Madrasah Zeyrek, Madrasah Tetimme, Madrasah Otuzlu, Madrasah Ibtidayah Haric, Madrasah Darull hadis, Madrasah Darulsyifa, Madrasah Eyup, Madrasah Mektep.
UPAYA GURU PAI DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI-NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Santoso Windila , Rosa Bustam Betty Mauli , Rosa Bustam Betty Mauli
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan atas dasar permasalahan terhadap penanaman nilai-nilai dalam moderasi beragama di sekolah dasar. Peneliti berinisiatif mencari data tentang bagaimana upaya guru Pendidikan Agama Islam ( PAI) dalam menanamkan nilai moderasi pada siswa. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tekhnik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh elemen yang ada di SDN Potrojayan 3. Dimana hasil penelitian ini berupa upaya guru PAI dalam penanaman nilai-nilai moderasi beragama, guru PAI melakukan beberapa hal yakni, memberikan keteladanan atau contoh yang baik dalam bersikap, pada saat kegiatan belajar mengajar didalam kelas, pada saat membuat program pembiasaan, membuat majalah dinding, serta dalam menginformasikan dan memberikan pemahaman tentang pentingnya menjaga toleransi.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA
Authors: Hidayatuz Khofifah , Sholeh Akhmad
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang studi efektivitas metode pembelajaran pada dosen dengan mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam angkatan 2023/2024. Pengetahuan dan pembelajaran dalam mata kuliah Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam merupakan hal yang diterapkan banyak instansi. Kesejarahan ini akan terkesan membosankan apabila seorang pelajar tidak menyukai dan dosen tidak memiliki metode pembelajaran yang menarik dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dengan tiga narasumber mahasiswa dan dua dosen pengampu mata kuliah Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam pada PAI 2023/2024. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seorang siswa merasa lebih tertarik dan aktif apabila metode yang digunakan tidak kaku, seperti hanya sebatas ceramah dan diskusi. Lebih dari itu, kedua dosen ternyata menerapkan metode yang unik sesuai dengan tema pertemuan dan mata kuliah. Tingkat keaktifan dan daya kritis mahasiswa mulai terasah ketika seorang guru memberikan motivasi dan apresiasi setelah apa yang dikerjakan oleh kedua mahasiswa tersebut. Penilaian tidak selalu di bawah rata-rata, namun dosen tetap memberikan penyaringan nilai yang bagus dan sedang tergantung dengan kesesuaian mahasiswanya. Penyelesaian tugas akhir, UAS/UTS, dan keaktifan, kehadiran di kelas. Penelitian ini diberi batasan pada jurusan dan angkatan tertentu supaya dapat melihat tingkat efektivitas metode pembelajaran pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dapat dilanjutkan dengan lanskap yang lebih luas pada instansi tertentu dengan fokus tertentu.