bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Service Motivation and Service Quality of Local Government Employees: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Eko Yudiatmaja Wayu
Published: December 2020

The study of public service motivation (PSM) is an emerging topic in relation to understanding the impact of perceived service quality within public-sector organizations. Drawing upon the self-determination theory, this paper develops and validates a conceptual model incorporating the relationship between PSM and perceived service quality by the user. Moreover, this study also examines the moderated-mediation models of service factors in the link. This paper further argues user orientation as a mediator in the nexus between PSM and service quality, and service climate as a moderator in the effect of user orientation on service quality. This research was conducted on 250 frontline public servants and their users in Bintan Regency, Kepulauan Riau, Indonesia. The data was performed using structural equation modeling. The proposed model suggests (1) PSM positively related to service quality, (2) user orientation partially mediates the relationship, and (3) the indirect effect of PSM on service quality (via user orientation) is quasi moderated by service climate within the public organization. Accordingly, few theoretical and practical implications for policymakers are formulated.
Pedagogia e o Professor Polivalente: um campo complexo de atuação profissional
Authors: Vacilotto Eder , Fortunato Ivan
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta um panorama do exercício profissional do Professor Polivalente, egresso da Pedagogia, proporcionando um diálogo entre relatos reflexivos da educação básica e elementos de sua constituição, com o objetivo de levantar possibilidades para melhoria de sua formação. Para trilhar este caminho, apresentamos esse profissional sobre o conceito de escolarização e sua influência na constituição da sua identidade, com aporte teórico diverso pela ótica do espaço escolar. Sobre um caminho de incertezas, a trajetória do Professor Polivalente é construída. Identificam-se possibilidades e caminhos formativos que entrelaçam a formação inicial com a formação continuada em exercício, que no dia a dia da escola, possibilitam avanços nas condições pedagógicas. A pesquisa reconhece como a formação inicial pode se apresentar como incompleta ou incerta, mas, seus conceitos e predicados emergem nas tarefas e nos desafios diários do exercício docente, exigindo revisitá-los, fortalece-los e ampliá-los.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN YAŞAM BECERİLERİ İLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ VE DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: CALP Şükran , EDİS Ayfer
Published: December 2020

Toplumsal yaşama ayak uydurabilen nitelikli bireylerin yetiştirilmesi ve toplumun kültür ve değerlerinin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması için öğretmenlik mesleğinin rolü göz önünde bulundurulduğunda öğretmenlerin yaşam becerileriyle ilgili bilgi düzeyinin araştırılmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin yaşam becerileri hakkında bilgi düzeylerini belirlemek ve bu becerileri öğrencilere kazandırma yeterlilikleriyle ilgili düşüncelerini açığa çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, Erzurum il sınırları içindeki devlet ilkokullarında görev yapan on beş sınıf öğretmeni ile özel okullarda görev yapan on altı sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veriler öğretmenlerle yapılan yüz yüze görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş ve öğretmenlerin söz konusu yaşam becerisiyle ilgili bilgiye sahip olup olmadığına ilişkin genel bir tanımlama yoluna gidilmiştir. Bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin en sık tekrar ettiği ve en çok üzerinde durduğu yaşam becerisinin “problem çözme becerisi” olduğu görülmüştür. Öğretmenler yaşam becerisi kavramının, öz bakım becerileri kavramıyla aynı anlamda olduğunu düşünmektedir. Bazı öğretmenlere göre ilkokul öğrencilerinin kazanması gereken ilk beceri, iletişim becerisidir. Bu çalışmanın sonucundan hareketle, çocuklara yaşam becerilerini kazandırmak noktasında önemli bir sorumluluğu olan öğretmenlere ve ailelere yaşam becerilerini destekleyici tutum ve davranışlar üzerine eğitimler verilmesi önerilmektedir.
АРХІТЕКТОНІКА ТА СТРУКТУРУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТІЙКОГО РОЗВИТКУ МАШИНОБУДІВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Секірож Ярослав Васильович
Published: December 2020

The research findings have identified that in the context of modern global realia, the fundamental principles of building innovative support framework for sustainable development of machine-building enterprises are undergoing drastic structural changes. Among the key drivers boosting the transformation of financial relations at the microlevel are the new imperatives of information and innovation economy as well as the processes of globalization and knowledge economy. Each component of the innovative support framework to ensure sustainable development of machine-building enterprises is viewed as a specifically organized set of structural elements (architectonics) together making a whole. It is argued that the characteristics of the system cannot be reduced to the properties of its individual elements in which management functions are embedded. It has been verified that machine-building enterprises should actively implement an innovative support framework to ensure their sustainable development, which is created with an ultimate goal – to attain the performance efficiency, maintain sustainable development and keep the enterprise functional capacity over time. This is partially achieved by differentiation of the main managers’ functions and responsibilities at different management levels. The transition to a new hierarchy level translates into changes in the scope of tasks, the complexity of the functions performed, the degree of responsibility, strategic decisions made, and access to innovative information. The architectonics and structuring of the innovative support framework to ensure sustainable development of machine-building enterprises as a logical combination of management levels (the hierarchy) and the functional areas (management system) should be organized in such a way as to attain the enterprise goals most effectively. From this perspective, management is seen as a set of individual functions, proper implementation of which contributes to gaining sustainable development management effectiveness. It has been emphasized that overcoming the challenges of multivector dimensions in making managerial decisions is often accompanied by radical reorganization of enterprise management through effective application of a management modifying function in the system of building innovative support for ensuring sustainable development of machine-building enterprises.
УПРАВЛІННЯ БРЕНДИНГОМ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ УТВОРЕНЬ У СИСТЕМІ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Колодненко Наталія Володимирівна
Published: December 2020

From the perspective of socioeconomic development framework, the article provides insights on the contemporary issues of branding management of administrative territorial units. Following the analytical review data on Sumy region communities based on the calculation of budget efficiency as the ratio of the community general fund income (financial potential of united territorial communities (UTC)) and the general fund expenditures, the hypothesis as to the consistent relationship between the successful performance of the united territorial community and strategic approach to its management has been verified. As the key priorities for the united territorial communities brand development the study offers to consider the following: UTC social priority group brands; UTC entrepreneurial priority group brands; UTC tourism priority group brands; and the UTC green brands. Based on the proposed algorithm for setting the priority areas of the united territorial communities brand development, a strategic matrix of UTC brand development of the Sumy region has been constructed. The implementation of the given strategic approach to setting the priority areas of the united territorial communities brand development will contribute to building a successful marketing strategy for the Sumy region as an umbrella brand that combines subbrands of united territorial communities, further distributed according to the development priority criterion. This approach allows, on the one hand, to design a unified algorithm for the development, operation and implementation of territorial branding and marketing, and on the other – to consider the unique characteristics of each of the UTC with its individual set of competitive advantages, specific history, image, key resources available and associated problems.
Parametric Architectural Elements from Point Clouds for HBIM Applications
Authors: Kıvılcım Cemal Özgür , Duran Zaide
Published: December 2020

To preserve tangible cultural assets for the future, it is crucial to make sure that the maintenance, repair, and restoration of these buildings are of high quality. To ensure proper cultural heritage preservation, highly accurate measurement and modelling methods are necessary. For this purpose, laser scanner systems are widely used; without any doubt, these systems provide many advantages over conventional measuring techniques. On the other hand, the scan angle, the distance to the object, the object’s material composition, the atmospheric conditions, as well as obstacles between the scanner and objects, can cause gaps or noise in the point clouds, making it challenging to manage and interpret the resulting datasets. Thus, extracting the geometries of architectural façade elements from these point clouds is often tedious and requires a high level of expertise. Projects utilizing Building Information Modelling (BIM) Systems have recently begun in Turkey. Although this technology is generally applied to address the whole life cycle of new buildings beginning with the design stage, it is necessary to define existing structures in this system. In this context, research-development and practices related to tangible cultural assets are carried out under the name of the Historic Building Information System (HBIM). In our study, we create parametric models that needed for transferring the cultural assets, which subject to deformation over years. A semi-automatic methodology based on the RANSAC algorithm was applied to extract geometry from point cloud data that contains noise. The obtained model was transferred to BIM following IFC standards. Şehzade Mosque, built by Mimar Sinan in the 16th century Ottoman Classical Period during the reign of Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent, was chosen as the application area of the study. The architectural elements obtained from the application of the current point clouds were compared with the existing architectural drawings, and the contributions of the study were evaluated.
Analyzing Effects of Two Different Land Use Datasets on Hydrological Simulations by Using SWAT Model
Authors: Cüceloğlu Gökhan , Seker Dursun Zafer , Tanık Ayşegül , Öztürk İzzet
Published: December 2020

Land use/cover (LULC) dataset can be addressed as one of the significant factors governing watershed hydrology. Thus, there is a necessity for using appropriate LULC data especially while working on the hydrology of sensitive watersheds from which drinking water is provided. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of using two different LULC datasets on the hydrological components of a basin in Turkey. Omerli Basin that covers one of the important drinking water reservoirs of Istanbul with a drainage area of 621 km2 is selected as the study area. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a physically-based hydrological and public domain model, is used as the hydrological model to evaluate the water budget of the basin. SWAT model is calibrated with an automatic calibration and uncertainty analysis program (SWAT-CUP) by using SUFI-2 algorithm. Model setup is conducted for two different LULC datasets which are CORINE obtained for year 2006, and LULC data produced from 2006 dated Landsat satellite image. This pioneer study evaluates and compares the impact of CORINE and Landsat LULC datasets used in hydrological modeling by using SWAT model at sub-basin level. It revealed that different LULC datasets yielded quite similar results in terms of surface water runoff and actual evapotranspiration in the Omerli Basin; however, different spatial distribution was observed especially in urbanized sub-basins. Despite the coarser land-use classification in Landsat data, it enabled the detection of different LULC classification with higher spatial resolution, and thus, different model outputs were achieved especially in the urbanized sub-basins.
Calculation of Aircraft Emissions During Landing and Take-Off (LTO) Cycles at Batumi International Airport, Georgia
Authors: Tokuşlu Aydın
Published: December 2020

In this paper, aircraft emissions (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons) were estimated during landing and take-off (LTO) cycles for the year 2018 at Batumi International Airport in Georgia. The calculation model is based on flight data recorded by TAV Airports Holding Corporations in Georgia, including type and number of aircraft, engine type, number of passengers, and emission factors from the International Civil Aviation Organization Engine Exhaust Emission Databank were used for estimating the emissions. The total aircraft emissions during the LTO cycle were assessed as 68.96 t/y (39.78 t/y for NOx, 25.92 t/y for CO, and 3.26 t/y for HC) at Batumi international airport. Domestic flights were accountable for 68% of the total LTO emissions in 2018. The findings displayed that NOx was mainly released during the take-off and climb-out modes, accounting for 27% and 37% of the total emissions. CO and HC emissions were released mostly in taxi mode and responsible for 77% and 70% of total emissions. The assessment demonstrates that a 2-minute reduction in taxi mode results in an approximate 6% reduction in LTO emissions. To predict future emissions, it was evaluated that a 50% increase in LTO cycles would result in an increase of approximately 55-60% in emissions.
Efficiency of application of error-correcting coding in digital information transmission systems with wideband signals.
Authors:   MIREA − Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, Moscow, 119454 Russia, Paramonov A.A. , Hoang Van Zung ,   MIREA − Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, Moscow, 119454 Russia
Published: December 2020

The method of transmitting information using broadband signals is recognized as an effective way to combat various types of organized intentional and unintentional interference. Among them, methods for transmitting digital information with frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) have found wide application. Due to its frequency and energy efficiency, the transmission method with frequency hopping is widely used in information transmission systems for various purposes, including military radio communication systems (RCS), where high interference immunity is required. Both when transmitting digital information under the conditions of the destructive effect of electronic suppression means, and without this effect, the received data sequence contains errors. To detect and correct them, noise-correcting coding is effective. The article considers the case when at the input of the receiver, in addition to its own noise, there is also a deliberate concentrated partial-band noise jamming, occupied by the RCS. An analysis is made of the noise immunity of a RCS with a frequency hopping and DBPSK with the combined use of error-correcting coding and time-frequency diversity of the code symbol. The application in the analyzed RCS of the algorithm of incoherent reception of diversity signals with weight processing and subsequent decoding is considered. It’s shown that the noise immunity of the RCS under the considered conditions turns out to be significantly higher than the RCS, in which the frequency diversity of the code symbol and the noise-immune coding are not used.
Generation of ultra-powerful microwave pulses in stretcher-amplifier-compressor systems.
Authors:   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia, Yurovskiy L.A. , Zotova I.V. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia, Abubakirov E.B. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia, Rozental R.M. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia, Sergeev A.S. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia, Ginzburg N.S. ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul’yanov str., 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Russia
Published: December 2020

We theoretically investigate the possibility of generating ultra-high-power ultrashort microwave pulses based on the Chirped-Pulse Amplification (CPA) method, which is widely used in laser physics. This method includes preliminary elongation of the initial pulse in a stretcher, sequential amplification of spectral components in a broadband amplifier, and compression in a line with negative dispersion (compressor). We consider the scheme in which waveguides with multi-fold helical corrugation are used as dispersing elements (stretcher and compressor), and a relativistic Cherenkov TWT or helical gyro-TWT is used as an amplifier. For the parameters of experimentally realized amplifiers in the 30 GHz range, we show that the peak pulse power in the stretcher-amplifier-compressor system significantly exceeds not only the saturation level of the amplifier, but also more than 4 times higher than the power of the used electron beam.
Soviet-Albanian Relations
Authors: Khudoley Konstantin
Published: December 2020

The research problem scrutinized in this article is the identification of the factors that led to the formation within the Soviet bloc of a particular relationship between the hegemonic state – the ussr – and the smallest one – Albania. This study, based primarily on documents from Soviet archives, examines the causes for the emergence and growth of differences between the ussr and Albania, spanning the period from the death of Stalin to the open showdown at the meetings of the Communist Parties in Bucharest in 1960. Tirana embarked on the path of distancing itself from the Soviet Union, gradually drifting towards China, and began laying the foundation for its own special model of socialism. As a result, by the beginning of the 1960s, differences reached such a level that Soviet-Albanian conflict became inevitable.
Crataegus gregorianii (Rosaceae), a new species from Armenia
Authors: Gabrielian E. Tz. , Sargsyan M. V.
Published: December 2020

A new peculiar species Crataegus gregorianii is described from the Dalar (Arzakan) River gorge, from Aparan floristic district of Armenia. The species clearly differs from the other hawthorns by complete absence of thorns as well as by 3-lobed, shiny dark green leaves, broadly falcate-denticulate stipules, as well as barrel-shaped fruits with narrow, pear-like base.
Overview of species of the Clinopodium sections Calamintha and Ellementha (Lamiaceae) in the flora of the Caucasus and adjacent territories
Authors: Melnikov D. G.
Published: December 2020

The article briefly discusses the history of the study of species from the relationship Clinopodium calamintha (L.) Kuntze s. l. in the Caucasus, now included in the sections Calamintha (Mill.) Melnikov and Ellementha Melnikov. A number of new morphological traits to distinguish the species of these sections are presented, and a classification of the trichome types found in this group is given. 17 new species and 4 new varieties are described. For the flora of the Caucasus, 16 species are recorded, and 3 more species are possible to find growing in the regions adjacent to the Caucasus (in Turkey and Iran). A key has been compiled to identify the species and varieties of these two sections in the Caucasus.
Transformation of the construction industry enterprises through the use of modern industry 4.0 IT technologies
Authors:   RUT (MIIT), Kalinina Yu.A. , Popova A.V. ,   RUT (MIIT), Sinitsina A.M. ,   RUT (MIIT), Solod A.R. ,   RUT (MIIT), Azarov V.N. ,   RUT (MIIT)
Published: December 2020

The article considers the possibilities of informational transformation of the construction industry, design and production of a real estate object, and the organizational and functional structure of construction enterprises through the use of modern Industry 4.0 IT technologies.
FOREST MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN FORESTS FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES
Authors:   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Zalesova E.S. , Zalesov S.V. ,   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Opletaev A.S. ,   Ural State Forest Engineering University
Published: December 2020

Legal and technical documents on the implementation of forest management in the Russian Forest Fund have been analysed. It is established that the current regulatory technical documents do not provide practical forestry, management on a zonal (subzonal) typologic basis. Selected forest areas often combine completely different forest conditions to the areas of forest fund which does not contribute to the forest management optimisation. There are a lot of contradictions and recommendation in the normative and technical documents as concerns mature and over mate stands felling, sanitary felling, improvement felling, forest restoration and forest growing that are not substantiated on factual material. That has resulted in conflicts between forest users and control authorities, reduced efficiency of forestry activities and unjustified financial costs. Elaboration of normative and technical documents is required to improve forest management in protective forests, taking into account their intended purpose. The current recommendation does not take into account the latter and only regulate the relative completeness and composition of stands. Reforestation and afforestation are noteworthy in particular. The requirements for the transition to use when creating forest crops only planting material with a closed root system cannot be considered correct for all regions of the country. Also, specifications on the density of the forest crops created require clarifications as well as correlation artificial and natural reforestation. Relevant is the development of tables of trees attrition having in view the operational appointment of sanitary felling. We believe that improving the regulatory framework for forestry in the forest for various purposes will contribute to increasing their productivity and sustainability.
DENSITY OF SCOTS PINE WOOD ON TECHNOGENIC AREAS OF UCHALINSKY MINING AND PROCESSING PLANT
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Bakhtina S.Y.
Published: December 2020

Wood density analysis of 16 model trees in four habitats of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was carried out on the territory of the Uchalinsky mining and processing plant (the Southern Urals), contaminated with heavy metals. A negative correlation (r = - 0.947) was found between this indicator (it varies from 406±1.0 to 520±2.0 kg/m3 in individual biotopes) and the average annual growth in height (it varies from 34.2 ±1.2 to 62.4 ± 3.2 cm). Density of the wood is formed on the dumps of the plant with less access to nutrients, compared to areas with formed soil. The obtained data prove the relatively high potential of Scots pine for natural phytoremediation of technogenic lands of mining enterprises that pollute the environment with heavy metals.
INVESTIGATION OF QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSAL SORBENTS USED AT UFA REFINERIES
Authors:   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University, Galiullina Yu.R. , Kulagin A.A. ,   Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2020

Determined the efficiency of use and capacity of oil absorption of natural large-dispersed hydrophilic isotropic-porous universal sorbent “Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss” and organic finely-dispersed coarse hydrophilic isotropic-porous sorbents: “Profsorb”, “Lessorb”, “STsN-2” in relation to various environments and products of oil refining. The quantitative analysis method was carried out according to GOST 33627-2015. The obtained results showed that the high absorption capacity when bottling gasoline, kerosene and drying oil sorbents “Lessorb” and “STsN-2”, when bottling oil sorbents No. 1, “Lessorb” and “STsN-2”, when bottling benzene, p-xylene and o-xylene – sorbents “Profso”, “STsN-2”.
RADIAL GROWTH OF SCOTS PINE IN THE ZONAL ECOTONE OF FORESTS AND STEPPES OF THE SOUTHERN URALS
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulagin A.Yu. , Simonenkova V.A. ,   Orenburg state agrarian University, Simonenkov V.S. ,   Orenburg state agrarian University
Published: December 2020

On the zonal ecotone of forest and steppe, there are differences in the radial growth of Scots pine. The dynamics of radial growth of Scots pine in the Orenburg forestry state institution indicates a decrease in the indicator over the years, which is associated with a more arid climate of the steppe zone and partially man-made influence of industrial enterprises in Orenburg. On the contrary, the dynamics of radial growth of Scots pine crops in the Buzuluksky Bor NP increases over the years, which, in our opinion, is due to wetter growing conditions in recent years. Comparing the average radial growth of Scots pine in the zonal ecotone of the forest and steppe, we can note higher rates in the forest zone of the NP "Buzuluksky Bor" and lower – in the steppe zone.
NEW STRAIN OF PARARHIZOBIUM SP. IB ST 1-4 ISOLATED FROM POOL FINGERS OF SHULGAN-TASH CAVE
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ryabova A.S. , Iasakov T.R. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gilvanova E.A. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzmina L.Y. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

From the mineral formation (pool fingers) of the shulgfan-Tash cave (Southern Urals) the first member of bacterial genus Pararhizobium was isolated (strain IB St 1-4). Pararhizobium is a genus of soil bacteria that fix nitrogen association with roots of legumes. Cells IB St 1-4 strain are Gram-negative straight rod-shaped bacterium (0,5-0,7×2,0-2,5μm). Growth is observed at 4-28°C with an optimum pH at 6-8. The strain precipitating of calcium carbonate on Ca-salts of malic acid in vitro. The relatedness of strain IB St 1-4 to members of Pararhizobium herbae, Pararhizobium giardinii and Pararhizobium polonicum species was revealed according physiological and biochemical features as well as phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The genes nifH and nodC that responsible for nitrogen fixation and plant nodulation in the strain IB St 1-4 were not detected.
Graduates of Russian Naval college in 1901: the collective biography
Authors: Nazarenko Kirill
Published: December 2020

The publication attempts to trace and analyze the fate of naval officers who graduated from the Naval college in 1901, which makes it possible to model with a high degree of confidence the behavior of former naval staff officers during the Civil war and after it, and to f articulate several patterns.
For 19-month-olds, what happens on-screen stays on-screen
Authors: Revencu Barbu , Csibra Gergely
Published: December 2020

Humans rely extensively on external representations such as drawings, maps, and animations. While animations are widely used in infancy research, little is known about how infants interpret them. In this study, we asked whether 19-month-olds take what they see on a screen to be happening here and now, or whether they think that on-screen events are decoupled from the immediate environment. In Experiments 1-3, we found that infants did not expect a falling animated ball to end up in boxes below the screen, even though they could track the ball (i) when the ball was real or (ii) when the boxes were also part of the animation. In Experiment 4, we tested whether infants think of screens as spatially bounded physical containers that do not allow objects to pass through. When two location cues were pitted against each other, infants individuated the protagonist of an animation by its virtual location (the animation to which it belonged), not by its physical location (the screen on which the animation was presented). Thus, 19-month-olds reject animation-reality crossovers but accept the depiction of the same animated environment on multiple screens. These results are consistent with the possibility that 19-month-olds interpret animations as external representations.
A few thoughts on how abstract aesthetic values can be inspected through the quantitative approach
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: December 2020

Thoughts on the paper "Cultural evolution in Vietnam's early 20th century: A Bayesian networks analysis of Hanoi Franco-Chinese house designs" (Vuong et al., 2019)
Pentingnya Materi Lingkungan di dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia yang Efektif
Authors: Amanda Mutiara
Published: December 2020

Dalam mempelajari pentingnya menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan dapat dilaksanakan melalui pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Pendidikan lingkungan melalui pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia adalah hal yang sangat mungkin untuk diterapkan dan hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan aspek ketempilan berbahasa, terutama keterampilan membaca. Selain itu, pendidikan lingkungan melalui pembelajaran bahasa ini alangkah baiknya lagi jika dilakukan dengan menggunakan bajasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar dan bajasa Indonesia yang efektif. Juga, pendidikan lingkungan atau materi lingkungan ini juga lebih baik lagi jika peserta didik tidak hanya disajikan teori-teori mengenai pentingnya menjaga atau melestarikan lingkungan, tetapi di dalam pendidikan lingkungan ini, peserta didik diajak langsung ke tempat-tempat yang memiliki kondisi lingkungan yang rusak atau tidak terawat agar peserta didik lebih mengerti atau memahami pentingnya menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan.
Mentoring, Role Modeling, and Acculturation: Exploring International Teacher Narratives to Inform Supervisory Practices
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

As teacher shortages continue in countries worldwide, international teachers may be recruited from other countries to help fill critical teacher vacancies, particularly in high-need subject areas such as mathematics and science. International teachers are a unique group who have specific needs, which could be addressed through school administrators’ supervisory practices. To understand international teacher needs, a review of the literature from 2009 to 2019 was completed to examine the extent to which dimensions of mentoring, role modeling, and acculturation were represented in international teacher narratives in peer-reviewed journals. In the course of the review, a fourth dimension of principals and ITs was found in the literature and explored. Findings from the literature review pointed to four themes related to the three identified dimensions: (a) a need for induction, (b) role modeling as collegial support, (c) international teacher acculturation issues, and (d) principal perspectives of ITs. The international teacher themes discovered through this review of the literature may help to inform the supervisory practices of school administrators as they strive to ensure positive outcomes for international teachers.
How does situational engagement vary between learners, situations, and classrooms? Findings from the use of intensive longitudinal methods and cross-classified, multi-level models
Authors: Rosenberg Joshua , Beymer Patrick N. , Phun Vicky , Schmidt Jennifer
Published: December 2020

Situational engagement is defined as context-sensitive, multi-dimensional, and dependent on momentary factors, like instructional practices. Yet, this type of engagement is often studied using data collection or analysis techniques that do not for the examination of the variation in situational engagement that is presumed to exist within persons and across contexts. In this study, we sought to determine the extent to which learners’ situational cognitive, behavioral, and affective engagement varies at the situational, individual learner, and classroom levels. To do so, we drew from three data sets suited to understanding the sources of variation in situational engagement; together, these data sets comprised 12,244 reports collected using intensive longitudinal methods from 1,173 youth in 50 science classrooms and outside-of-school STEM programs. Through the use of multivariate, cross-classified mixed-effects models, we found that the greatest source of variation in situational engagement was attributable to individual learners. Situational and classroom-related sources of variation were smaller than for individual sources but were each still substantia. Classroom-level variation was relatively low for all three dimensions of engagement. There were differences across the three dimensions of situational engagement, such that affective situational engagement was associated with greater variation at the situational level relative to the other dimensions, cognitive engagement was associated with more individual learner variability (and less situational variability). We discuss implications for accounting for situational variability in studies of engagement and other dynamic constructs.
Surface integral and holographic focusing. ver 4
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: December 2020

Holographic surface focusing
Assessment of Safety Culture and Maturity in Mining Environments: Case of Njuli Quarry
Authors: Matsimbe Jabulani , Quarm Richmond Sam , Busharads Mohamed Osman Elamin
Published: December 2020

Due to an ever increasing concern for safety at most mines in Malawi, this paper aimed at assessing the safety culture and maturity in mining environments by applying the Safety Culture Maturity Model (SCMM). The SCMM is a practical and reliable diagnostic tool to use in the context of Malawian mining environments because it emphasizes the importance of employee involvement in assessing and improving safety culture. Njuli quarry is used as a case study due to its adoption of modern mining technologies and long existence in the mining industry. The methods used to assess the level of maturity of safety culture comprised questionnaires, interviews and behavioral observations. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, the respondents were interviewed using the same questions and comparing the results. There was good reliability of the measures used since the correlation coefficients between questionnaire and interview ranged from r = 0.9 to 1. The results demonstrate that Njuli quarry has more characteristics of the Managing Level 2 or Developing Stage with percentages ranging 55% - 60% followed by the Emerging Level 1 ranging 33% - 36%. The Involving Level 3 ranged 4% - 10% showing improvement in some items of the dimensions of the safety framework. The company had the lowest percentages of 0% - 2% in Cooperating Level 4, and 0% - 1% in Continually Improving Level 5. This was expected because most mining companies in Malawi focus on maximizing production regardless of the safety implications, and also employees do not take safety issues seriously despite minor accidents and near misses. Therefore, the company should carry out safety trainings, set up a safety department, provide PPE to employees, and introduce rewards for best safety performance. Present study has added new knowledge on levels of maturity of safety culture in Malawi’s mining environments which will influence the Department of Mines in policy development, site safety inspections and safety audits.
SERBA-SERBI PENGARUH POSITIF MUSIK DITINJAU DARI PENGALAMAN PRIBADI
Authors: Norlaila
Published: December 2020

Musik yang merupakan salah satu bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari kita memiliki pengaruh positif yang teramat banyak. Baik yang secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan segala bentuk pengaruh positif dari musik, meskipun tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa setiap hal memiliki sisi negatif atau pengaruh negatif, tetapi artikel ini hanya akan membahas lebih rinci mengenai pengaruh positif dari musik. Penulisan artikel ini ditinjau dari pengalaman pribadi penulis dipadukan dengan beberapa referensi berupa jurnal hingga mendapatkan hasil bahwa pengaruh positif musik diantaranya yaitu: musik dapat membangkitkan rasa senang, tenang dan nyaman dalam diri kita. Musik juga mampu meredakan stres dan rasa lelah.
Quantum Bourneville Model: On the Quantum Mechanical Nature of Dark Triad
Authors: Agarwal Ajay
Published: December 2020

The state of reality is not bound by the state of progress. Irrespective of our association, or lack of it, with any school of philosophy, the notion that we witness society and the events that occur within it cannot be denied. Consequently, the inception of a significant altercation in the existing direction of any perception regarding an unexplained phenomenon must involve the realization of a requirement for altercation (be it minor or major) to the direction of research conducted in the same. The identification of the correct altercation, hence, becomes the only topic of debate. The process of this identification requires a stoic sense of review of the current state of research and the current state of question that we wish to address. Therefore, it becomes important that this entity must be free from all forms of existing bias and must implement the existing approaches available without the limitations of the subject they are defined in. In this paper, I aim to do the same. This paper presents a thought experiment that eventually paves the way for establishing a quantum mechanical model for interpreting the notion of the Dark Triad whilst addressing all the concerns mentioned in Miller et al. (2019) regarding the current state of research in the field. The frequent question of identification of any empirical proof is rendered moot for this model given its vast intuitive appeal and philosophical foundation. While the author welcomes any attempts possible to provide solid, empirical proof of this quantum Dark Triad model, it is to be noted that the author considers attempts for the same to take into consideration the questions of formalism and determinism as expected from any scientific theory.
Opportunity cost determines action initiation latency and predicts apathy
Authors: Nair Akshay , Niyogi Ritwik K. , Shang Fei , Tabrizi Sarah J. , Rees Geraint , Rutledge Robb
Published: December 2020

Background: Apathy, a disabling and poorly understood neuropsychiatric symptom, is characterised by impaired self-initiated behaviour. Although the computational mechanisms that determine self-initiation are poorly understood, it has been hypothesised that the opportunity cost of time (OCT) may be a key variable linking self-initiated behaviour with motivational status. Using a novel behavioural task and computational modelling, we investigated the relationship between OCT, self-initiation and apathy. OCT represents the amount of reward which is foregone per second if no action is taken. We predicted that higher OCT would engender shorter action latencies, and that individuals with greater sensitivity to OCT would have higher behavioural apathy.Methods: We modulated the OCT in a novel task called the ‘Fisherman Game’, Participants freely chose when to self-initiate actions to either collect rewards, or on occasion, to complete non-rewarding actions. We measured the relationship between action latencies, OCT and apathy for each participant across two independent non-clinical studies, one under laboratory conditions (n=21) and one online (n=90). ‘Average-reward’ reinforcement learning was used to model our data. We replicated our findings across both studies.Results: We show that the latency of self-initiation is driven by changes in the OCT. Furthermore, we demonstrate, for the first time, higher apathy was showed greater sensitivity to changes in OCT in younger adults. Our model shows that apathetic individuals experienced greatest change in subjective OCT during our task as a consequence of being more sensitive to rewards.Conclusions: Our results suggest that OCT is an important variable for determining free-operant action initiation and understanding apathy.
PENGARUH POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERILAKU ANAK DALAM DRAMA KOREA SKY CASTLE
Authors: Fauziyah
Published: December 2020

Pola asuh merupakan suatu pola interaksi antara orang tua dan anak yang bersifat relatif konsisten dan tiap orang tua memiliki pola asuh yang berbeda. Lingkungan keluarga merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat membentuk perilaku seseorang. Berpengaruhnya pola asuh orang tua terhadap perilaku anak digambarkan dengan baik pada drama Korea Sky Castle. Drama Korea Sky Castle mengisahkan tentang orang tua yang terobsesi ingin menyekolahkan anak mereka ke universitas bergengsi demi mempertahankan status sosialnya. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kajian literatur, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku anak-anak yang dibesarkan dengan pola asuh tertentu dalam drama Korea Sky Castle.
Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Estimation under the Marginalized Random-Effects Meta-Analysis Model
Authors: van Aert Robbie Cornelis Maria , Mulder Joris
Published: December 2020

Meta-analysis methods are used to synthesize results of multiple studies on the same topic. The most frequently used statistical model in meta-analysis is the random-effects model containing parameters for the overall effect, between-study variance in primary study's true effect size, and random effects for the study specific effects. We propose Bayesian hypothesis testing and estimation methods using the marginalized random-effects meta-analysis (MAREMA) model where the study specific true effects are regarded as nuisance parameters which are integrated out of the model. We propose to use a flat prior distribution on the overall effect size in case of estimation and a proper unit information prior for the overall effect size in case of hypothesis testing. For the between-study variance (which can attain negative values under the MAREMA model), a proper uniform prior is placed on the proportion of total variance that can be attributed to between-study variability. Bayes factors are used for hypothesis testing that allow testing point and one-sided hypotheses. The proposed methodology has several attractive properties. First, the proposed MAREMA model encompasses models with a zero, negative, and positive between-study variance, which enables testing a zero between-study variance as it is not a boundary problem. Second, the methodology is suitable for default Bayesian meta-analyses as it requires no prior information about the unknown parameters. Third, the proposed Bayes factors can even be used in the extreme case when only two studies are available because Bayes factors are not based on large sample theory. We illustrate the developed methods by applying it to two meta-analyses and introduce easy-to-use software in the R package BFpack to compute the proposed Bayes factors.
Karyomorphology of Two Species of the Genus Spilanthes (Heliantheae-Asteraceae)
Authors: Karna Mallick Pushpa
Published: December 2020

In present investigation karyotype of mitotic chromosomes were determined, two species of the genus Spilanthes, namely Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and Spilanthes calva DC. from plants transplanted in earthen pots collected from different localities from Central Nepal in my home garden. The somatic chromosome number determined in present study were 2n=36 for both species, Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and Spilanthes calva DC. The chromosomes total length ranged from 0.6 to 1.6 µm in Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray and 0.4 to 2.1µm in Spilanthes calva DC. The relative length ranged from 2.3 to 12.1 µm in the species Spilanthes calva and 2.0 to 8.5 µm in the species Spilanthes acmella. The Karyotype formula were M16+m2+sm16+st2 in Spilanthes calva DC. and M22 +sm14 in Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murray cytologically obtained by using 2% aceto-orcein. The karyotype of the two species shows considerable variation exists in morphology of chromosome and structure. The variation in karyomorphology shows evolved nature of this species which play a great role in evolution.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(4): 422-426
Study on Knowledge and Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome among Computer Operators in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal
Authors: Gautam Pramod Sharma , Prakash Uday Chandra , Dangol Subreena
Published: December 2020

Background: The eye and vision related problems that results from continuous use of computers and other visual display terminals for extended period of time leads to computer vision syndrome. Due to rapid digitalization in human life, the risk of developing it has also increased in many folds. So, with an aim of determining the prevalence and level of awareness of computer vision syndrome among computer users along with their attitude and practices to prevent it, this study was conducted in the office employees who use computer for a considerable period of time.

Materials and Methods: A hospital based observational descriptive study was conducted in the out-patient department of Ophthalmology in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, where 105 employees working in different work stations of same institution were enrolled. A questionnaire and the clinical findings were used to collect data.

Results: About 80% of the employees were using computer for about (8-11) hours per day. Prevalence of computer vision syndrome noted was (92.4%) with low level of knowledge (85.7%) about it. About 45% of them wore glasses for their refractive errors but attitude and practices in work place to prevent the bad effects of using visual display terminals were found to be lacking (53.3%). Burning sensation in the eye, headache, ocular irritation and itching and neck, shoulder or back pain were the common symptoms. Around (60-70)% of the eyes tested positive for dry eye.

Conclusion: Lack of awareness of computer vision syndrome and lack of personal protective measures were associated with its high level of prevalence.
Avian richness of the Basanta Protected Forest, far-western lowland Nepal: Implication for conservation
Authors: Dangaura Hiru Lal , Pandey Naresh , Chand Dhirendra Bahadur , Bhusal Krishna Prasad
Published: December 2020

Birds are important components of biodiversity and acts as an indicator of habitat quality, productivity and stability. This study aimed to document species richness and assess the temporal distribution pattern of globally threatened bird species in the Basanta Protected Forest (BPF), one of the largest corridor forests which connects Dudhwa National Park (India) with protected areas of western lowland Nepal. During study period of ten years from 2010 to 2019, a total of 381 bird species from 78 families of 19 orders were recorded. Order Passeriformes had the highest species richness (n=180) followed by order Accipitriformes and Charadriiformes. Among the families, the family Muscicapidae had the highest species richness (n=31), followed by Accipitridae and Anatidae. Majority of bird recorded were forest bird followed by wetland and farmland bird species. Fifteen globally threatened species like red-headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus), white-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis), slender-billed vulture (Gyps tenuirostris), steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) and Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus) were recorded in the BPF. Extensive avian survey in the BPF is important for further exploration of avian community along with its driving factors, which might play a crucial role in developing baseline information and implementing conservation implications.