bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Micromirror in Microsurgical Clipping to the Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Zhao Chao , Ma Zhiguo , Zhang Yuhai , Mou Shanling , Yang Yunxue , Yang Yonglin , Sun Guoqing , Yao Weicheng
Published: February 2018

Objective:

The aim of the study was to explore the values and disadvantages of micromirror in the intracranial aneurysm clipping surgery.

Methods:

Micromirror was used to assist microsurgical clipping to 36 intracranial aneurysms in 31 patients, of which 3 were carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysms, 3 were anterior choroidal artery aneurysms, 11 were posterior communicating artery aneurysms, 7 were middle cerebral artery aneurysms, 10 were anterior communicating artery or anterior cerebral artery aneurysms, and the rest were a posterior cerebral artery aneurysm and a posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm. The micromirror was used before and after clipping to observe the anatomic features of necks hidden behind and medial to aneurysms, to visualize surrounding neurovascular structures, and to verify the optimal clipping position. Intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescein angiography, postoperative computerized tomography angiography, and digital subtraction angiography confirmed the success of sufficient clipping.

Results:

Intraoperative indocyanine green angiography, postoperative computerized tomography angiography , or digital subtraction angiography were performed and showed no case of wrong or insufficient clipping of aneurysm.

Conclusions:

Micromirror-assisted microsurgical clipping to the intracranial aneurysm is safe, sufficient, convenient, and practical.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Cheek
Authors: Sisti Andrea , Brandi Cesare , Grimaldi Luca , Pica Alfieri Edoardo , Cuomo Roberto , Zerini Irene , Nisi Giuseppe
Published: February 2018

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer with a neuroendocrine phenotype. Here, the authors reported a case of MCC, presented as a rapidly growing, asymptomatic, erythematous nodule measuring 3.8 cm × 2.8 cm in diameter on the right cheek of an 85-year-old Caucasian woman. After resection of the nodule, the defect was repaired with cutaneous graft taken from the supraclavicular area and healed uneventfully. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of MCC.
Clinical Practice Recommendations for Continuation and Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression
Authors: Gill Shane P. , Kellner Charles H.
Published: February 2018

Objectives

Continuation or maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often provided as a strategy for post-ECT relapse prevention. However, the evidence has been insufficient until recently to produce clear consensus on what best practice maintenance ECT (mECT) should be like in a real world ECT clinical service. The aims of this article are to help fill this gap and to provide a comprehensive set of practical, clinically-based recommendations for ECT clinicians and services.

Methods

A workshop was held at the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry Congress in Adelaide on April 30, 2017. This workshop was hosted by the authors. After a presentation on the state of the evidence, the 30 participants were asked to work in small groups to develop consensus recommendations on different aspects of mECT. These were then collated into one comprehensive set of clinical recommendations for the practice of mECT.

Results

These best practice recommendations are set out below.

Conclusions

These recommendations will assist ECT services and clinicians to provide best practice mECT according to currently available evidence.
Design of new anti-Alzheimer drugs: ring-expansion synthesis and synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of dimethyl 4-ethyl-11-fluoro-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroazonino[5,6-b]indole-2,3-dicarboxylate
Authors: Toze Flavien A. A. , Listratova Anna V. , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Chernikova Natalia Yu. , Lobanov Nikolai N. , Bilyachenko Alexey N. , Dorovatovskii Pavel V.
Published: February 2018

The title compound, C20H23FN2O4, is the product of a ring-expansion reaction from a seven-membered fluorinated hexahydroazepine to a nine-membered azonine. The nine-membered azonine ring of the molecule adopts achair–boatconformation. The C=C and C—N bond lengths [1.366 (3) and 1.407 (3) Å, respectively] indicate the presence of conjugation within the enamine CH2—C=C—N—CH2fragment. The substituent planes at the C=C double bond of this fragment are twisted by 16.0 (3)° as a result of steric effects. The amine N(Et) N atom has a trigonal–pyramidal configuration (sum of the bond angles = 346.3°). The interplanar angle between the two carboxylate substituents is 60.39 (8)°. In the crystal, molecules form zigzag chains along [010] by intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen-bonding interactions, which are further packed in stacks toward [100]. The title azoninoindole might be considered as a candidate for the design of new Alzheimer drugs.
Syntheses, spectroscopy, and crystal structures of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,5-diphenylformazan and the 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1,5-diphenylverdazyl radical and the crystal structure of the by-product 5-anilino-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole
Authors: Schnakenburg Gregor , Meyer Andreas
Published: February 2018

The title compounds, C19H15BrN4, C20H16BrN4and C20H15BrN4, are nitrogen-rich organic compounds that are related by their synthesis. The verdazyl radical, in which stacking leads to antiferromagnetic interactions, was reported previously [Iwaseet al.(2013).Phys. Rev. B,88, 184431]. For this compound, improved structural data and spectroscopic data are presented. The other two compounds have been crystallized for the first time and form stacks of dimers, roughly along thea-axis direction of the crystal. The formazan molecule shows signs of rapid intramolecular H-atom exchange typical for this class of compounds and spectroscopic data are provided in addition to the crystal structure. The triazole compound appears to be a side-product of the verdazyl synthesis.
N,N′-Bis(4-bromophenyl)-N,N′-dimethylurea
Authors: Pocinho Alexandre , Mallet-Ladeira Sonia , Hureau Christelle , Gras Emmanuel
Published: February 2018

The structure of the title compound, C15H14Br2N2O, at 180 K has monoclinic (P21/n) symmetry. It was obtained unexpectedly from the decomposition of the parent 4-bromo-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-N-methyl-aniline. It exhibits an `endo' conformation with angles between the two aromatic rings slightly lower than the average values found for similar compounds on the Cambridge Structural Database. In the crystal, C—H...O hydrogen bonds and short Br...Br halogen bonds [3.444 (1) Å] are observed.
Social capital as a new board diversity rationale for enhanced corporate governance
Authors: Booth-Bell Darlene
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The benefits of board diversity are often categorized into five distinct business rationales: talent rationale, market rationale, litigation rationale, employee relations rationale and governance rationale. However, if resource dependency theory’s focus on the director’s ability to secure important resources for the firm is considered, social capital as a viable additional rationale for board diversity can also be considered. The purpose of this paper is to argue that diverse members of the board are likely to have social capital that differs from non-diverse members of the board. Consequently, that diverse social capital can bridge the board to new resources for advice and counsel, legitimacy, channels for communication and access to important external elements, thus making a strong argument to be included as a rationale for board diversity.

Design/methodology/approach

It is intended to provide a conceptual discussion on whether enhancing the board’s social capital is perhaps a viable and overlooked rationale for board diversity.

Findings

Consistent with the other five rationales for board diversity, this analysis suggests that social capital should be considered as a sixth rationale for board diversity. Social capital serves a role in governance and rises to the standard of other rationales for board diversity.

Practical implications

Boards may not recognize that social capital is a strategic resource and sufficiently diverse groups such as women and minorities may be more likely to contribute non-overlapping social capital networks, which may translate into greater external influence and thus additional resources for the firm. This paper may help to influence the viewpoints of directors on who is valuable as a board member.

Originality/value

Existing board diversity rationales do not include social capital as a primary rationale for board diversity. It may be possible that social capital becomes a legitimate sixth rationale for board diversity.
A cross-country comparison and validation of firms’ stakeholder considerations in sustainable business practices
Authors: Karlsson Niklas P.E. , Laurell Hélène , Lindgren John , Pehrsson Tobias , Andersson Svante , Svensson Göran
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to compare and validate firms’ internal and external stakeholder considerations in sustainable business practices across business settings. It aims to assess the validity and reliability of a stakeholder framework appearing in previous studies.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses a questionnaire survey and a cross-industry sample consisting of the largest firms in corporate Sweden. Multivariate analysis tests the stakeholder framework. Each of the 294 key informants was initially identified and contacted by telephone, generating a response rate of 36.5 per cent.

Findings

The tested stakeholder framework appears valid and reliable across countries to assess the internal stakeholders of focal firms, as well as their up- and downstream, market and societal stakeholders. This study provides additional empirical support to categorize firms’ stakeholder considerations in sustainable business practices.

Research limitations/implications

This study validates previous findings in terms of Swedish firms’ considerations of internal and external stakeholders in sustainable business practices in relation to one similar country (Norway) and one different country (Spain). The study also shows how the three countries perceive the focal company and societal stakeholders differently.

Practical implications

The tested framework sheds light on focal firms’ stakeholder considerations in sustainable business practices and elucidates the extent to which firms’ account for their internal and external stakeholders in sustainable business practices.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the development of valid and reliable stakeholder theory across contexts and through time. In particular, it contributes to the development of a valid and reliable framework to categorize firms’ stakeholder considerations in sustainable business practices.
Why Trump and Clinton won and lost: the roles of hypermasculinity and androgyny
Authors: Powell Gary N. , Butterfield D. Anthony , Jiang Xueting
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine perceptions of the “Ideal President” (IP) and presidential candidates in the 2016 US presidential election in relation to gender stereotypes and leader prototypes.

Design/methodology/approach

In all, 378 business students assessed perceptions of either the IP or a particular candidate on measures of masculinity and femininity. Androgyny (balance of masculinity and femininity) and hypermasculinity (extremely high masculinity) scores were calculated from these measures.

Findings

The IP was perceived as higher in masculinity than femininity, but less similar to the male (Donald Trump) than the female (Hillary Clinton) candidate. IP perceptions were more androgynous than in the 2008 US presidential election. Respondents’ political preferences were related to their IP perceptions on hypermasculinity, which in turn were consistent with perceptions of their preferred candidate.

Social implications

Trump’s high hypermasculinity scores may explain why he won the electoral college vote, whereas Clinton’s being perceived as more similar to the IP, and IP perceptions’ becoming more androgynous over time, may explain why she won the popular vote.

Originality/value

The study extends the literature on the linkages between gender stereotypes and leader prototypes in two respects. Contrary to the general assumption of a shared leader prototype, it demonstrates the existence of different leader prototypes according to political preference. The hypermasculinity construct, which was introduced to interpret leader prototypes in light of Trump’s candidacy and election, represents a valuable addition to the literature with potentially greater explanatory power than masculinity in some situations.
Trumped up data
Authors: Gossett Charles W.
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review recent practices by members of the Trump administration that may impact the ability of diversity researchers to have access to data in the coming years.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a viewpoint essay based largely on current news reports and does not rely on original research.

Findings

While there are strong reasons for concern that the collection, dissemination, and analysis of government data may negatively affect the ability to conduct research, the findings are still primarily speculative and not conclusive.

Research limitations/implications

To the extent that researcher rely on the creation of and access to data generated by federal government agencies, there could be challenges to answering new research questions and/or doing research that compares the present to the past.

Practical implications

Researchers may want to take steps to protect their access to government data by downloading those databases that are most crucial for their work.

Originality/value

This viewpoint article represents only the author’s reflection on what might happen in the future based on what has happened so far.
“Some people claim there’s a woman to blame”
Authors: Fluharty-Jaidee Jonathan T. , DiPonio-Hilliard Theresa , Neidermeyer Presha , Festa Mackenzie
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate gender-based punishment bias in the type and severity of punishments imposed on a male-dominated profession using the accounting profession as a proxy.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were hand-collected from the population of certified public accountants disciplined for violations of the Code of Professional Conduct. Disciplinary actions were obtained from the American Institute of Certified Public Accountant’s website. A total of 404 observations were obtained for the study over a five-year period from January 2009 through June 2015, comprising the population of the captured infractions committed during this time frame.

Findings

Women are punished more harshly than men for equivalent infractions; the disparity in punishment between women and men increases with the severity of the infraction.

Originality/value

This paper answers the call by Wren (2006) for an increased examination of workplace punishment’s relationship to gender using real-world scenarios and data. This study provides empirical evidence of the gender-based punishment bias, which calls into question the neutrality of workplace punishment as executed by a male-dominated profession.
Shari’ahsupervisory board characteristics effects on Islamic banks’ performance
Authors: Nomran Naji Mansour , Haron Razali , Hassan Rusni
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Islamic banks (IBs) must stayShari’ahcompliant to enhance their customer loyalty and obtain a competitive edge. Given the performance ofShari’ahsupervisory board (SSB) continues to be a matter of concern especially for IBs across countries that have a different regulatory environment, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of SSB characteristics on IBs’ performance in Malaysia being a country that applies the most extreme intervention of regulatory agencies (pro-active model).

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 15 Malaysian IBs is used to test the study hypotheses for the period from 2008 to 2015 using the Generalized Method of Moments estimator.

Findings

The results reveal strong support for a significant association between SSB size, doctoral qualification, change in the SSB composition and performance. In addition, the study supports the view that SSB with cross-membership and reputation is very important in improving the performance of IBs.

Research limitations/implications

First, the paper focused only on Malaysia which adopts a pro-active model, and therefore, extending the investigation to include countries that adopt the different models may provide a better view of the bestShari’ahgovernance (SG) practices for IBs. Second, there is a need for more empirical analysis regarding the optimal SSB size of IBs.

Practical implications

This paper provides empirical evidence for regulators and policy makers in Malaysia, to understand how to enhance the performance of IBs using SG. Furthermore, marketers of Malaysian IBs should focus on SG practices as an important element for attracting Muslim customers, especially as there is a lack in this aspect.

Originality/value

To date, it seems there is no empirical study that has examined to what extent the impact of SSB characteristics on IBs performance can be affected by the degree of agencies intervention, whether extreme or slight. Malaysia has been chosen as the only country that adopts the most extreme model.
Understanding workplace bullying
Authors: Jung Hyo Sun , Yoon Hye Hyun
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the effects of workplace bullying on the coping strategies (responses) and counterproductive behavior of hospitality employees.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample consisted of 284 luxury hotel employees in the Korean hospitality industry. SPSS and AMOS were the statistical programs used to verify the hypotheses of the present study. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the measured items. Before verification of the hypotheses, directivity between factors derived through correlation analysis was verified, and causal relationships with regard to the three hypotheses were verified through the structural equation model.

Findings

Organizational and work-related bullying had a significant effect on task coping, whereas personal bullying had a significant effect on emotional and avoidance coping. The results also showed that positive task coping did not significantly affect counterproductive behavior, but negative coping, such as emotional and avoidance responses, significantly affected employees’ counterproductive behavior.

Originality/value

The present study verified that coping responses in work situations can differ depending on the type of workplace bullying that occurs. Task coping, a positive coping strategy, was affected by organizational and work-related bullying, whereas emotional and avoidance coping, negative coping strategies, were negatively affected by personal bullying. Consequently, the possibility of harmful actions against organizations varies depending on the coping strategies chosen by employees who are exposed to bullying. Therefore, appropriate education should be offered to employees to use positive and proactive work-oriented coping strategies when dealing with bullying rather than negative methods such as emotional or avoidance coping.
Corporate social responsibility: the effect of need-for-status and fluency on consumers’ attitudes
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yang Wan , Zheng Xiaoyun
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to understand the joint effects of individuals’ need for status and processing fluency on customer attitudes toward hotels’ participation in corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a 2 (Need for status: high vs low) × 2 (Processing fluency: high vs low) experimental design with processing fluency being manipulated and individuals’ need for status being measured.

Findings

The results indicate that although high-need for status customers exhibit a more positive attitude than low-need for status customers when the CSR message is easy to process, they show similar attitude levels when processing fluency is relatively low.

Originality/value

This study makes great contribution to the literature of status consumption by examining CSR as one of the new areas that consumers use to signal social status beyond luxury products. For practitioners, the results of this study offer suggestions on how to design CSR messages to increase its effectiveness.
Interaction effect of display rules and emotional intelligence on hotel managers’ and non-managers’ work engagement
Authors: Liu Juan , Cho Seonghee
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the interaction effect of job demands (e.g. display rules; DRs) and personal resources (e.g. emotional intelligence; EI) on work engagement and whether this interaction effect varies between managers and non-managers.

Design/methodology/approach

This study has been conducted on 572 hotel employees (153 managers and 388 non-managers) in China, and multiple linear regression analyses have been used to analyze the data.

Findings

The results indicate that the direct impact of DRs on work engagement was significantly positive for both hotel managers and non-managers; DRs boosted the positive impact of EI on work engagement, but only among managers; and EI boosted the positive impact of DRs on work engagement, but only among managers with high EI.

Originality/value

Previous studies have primarily focused on the antecedents and outcomes of work engagement, but little is about the direct impact of job demands and the interaction effect of job demands and personal resources on work engagement. This is the first study investigating DRs and its interaction effect with EI on work engagement among hotel managers and non-managers, respectively.
Determinants of employees’ innovative behavior
Authors: Bani-Melhem Shaker , Zeffane Rachid , Albaity Mohamed
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This study aims to examine the impact of workplace happiness, coworker support and job stress on employee innovative behavior. The mediating effects of coworker support and job stress are also explored.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses survey data from 328 employees from different departments in four- and five-star hotels in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Based on an extensive literature review, five main hypotheses were formulated and explored. These were tested through multiple regression analysis using the SPSS Process Macro plugin.

Findings

Workplace happiness is the most significant determinant of employees’ innovative behavior, while coworker support plays a significant mediating role. Contrary to the study hypothesis and assumption, job stress alone is not a significant mediator; it only plays a mediating role when combined with coworker support.

Research limitations/implications

The sample is from a single sector (hotels) in a single country. Future research would benefit from examining the above relationships in other sectors (such as health and education) in the UAE. It could also explore the validity of these relationships in the tourism/hotels sector of other countries in the Middle East and Gulf regions.

Originality/value

Few studies have attempted to investigate factors that may promote or impede innovative behavior among employees in the hotels sector, particularly in the UAE. The data, model and findings of this study address this gap and add to the current state of knowledge.
The effects of tour guide performance and food involvement on food neophobia and local food consumption intention
Authors: Caber Meltem , Yilmaz Gökhan , Kiliçarslan Dogus , Öztürk Adnan
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine how food neophobia, food involvement, tour guide performance and intention of local food consumption impact each other.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was performed with a sample of international tourists visiting Antalya, Turkey, and the data were used to test the proposed research model by means of structural equation modelling.

Findings

Results reflected a causal relationship among the examined constructs. Although tour guide performance had an insignificant effect on food neophobia, tourists’ food involvement negatively impacted and decreased neophobia.

Originality/value

This study is an exceptional contribution to the literature, as it empirically investigates the role of tour guides on tourists’ local food consumption behaviour.
Cross-cultural differences in adopting mobile augmented reality at cultural heritage tourism sites
Authors: Jung Timothy Hyungsoo , Lee Hyunae , Chung Namho , tom Dieck M. Claudia
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Augmented reality (AR) is increasingly used in cultural heritage tourism sites for the enhancement of the tourist experience. However, behavioral intention to adopt AR is dependent on cultural traits, and close investigation is required on cultural differences. To explore these cultural differences and the effect on AR acceptance in cultural heritage tourism sites, this study aims to focus on the aesthetic and hedonic characteristics of AR applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected in two countries with strong contrasts in Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to explore cultural differences in AR acceptance. In total, 145 questionnaires were collected in Deoksugung Palace, South Korea, and 119 questionnaires were collected in the An Post Museum, Republic of Ireland. Data were analyzed using PLS Graph 3.0.

Findings

The findings confirmed that the aesthetics of AR have a strong influence on perceived enjoyment. Furthermore, this study supported the notion that high power distance, collectivism and high uncertainty avoidance culture such as South Korea’s perceives stronger dependence on social influence and the hedonic characteristics of AR.

Practical implications

AR innovation and marketing within the hospitality and tourism industry requires an understanding of cultural differences to ensure successful implementation. In addition, tourism and hospitality managers need to ensure that the needs and requirements of different target markets are met.

Originality/value

This study applied Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to explore the differences between two very distinct countries with regard to AR acceptance. The findings provide important implications for the implementation of tourism AR applications for different countries, especially considering international target markets.
To help or not to help: antecedents of hotel employees’ organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Dai You-De , Hou Yu-Hsiang , Chen Kuan-Yang , Zhuang Wen-Long
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Drawing on organizational support theory, this study aims to propose and test a moderated path analysis to explore the interactive effect of perceived supervisor support and supervisors’ organizational embodiment on organizational citizenship behavior, as well as the mediating effect of perceived organizational support.

Design/methodology/approach

Hypotheses are tested using two-phase survey data collected from 398 dyads of employees and their immediate supervisors from 26 (three-to-five star) hotels in Taiwan.

Findings

The hierarchical linear modeling results suggest that perceived organizational support mediates the relationship between perceived supervisor support and organizational citizenship behavior. These findings indicate that supervisors’ organizational embodiment positively moderates the relationship between perceived supervisor support and perceived organizational support, which, in turn, mediates the interaction between perceived supervisor support and supervisors’ organizational embodiment on organizational citizenship behavior.

Research limitations/implications

This is the first study to examine the moderating role of supervisors’ organizational embodiment in hospitality domain. In high or low supervisors’ organizational embodiment context, hotels are supposed to assign representative managers that could strengthen the efficiency of perceived supervisor support. Finally, employees will perceive organizational support and then lead to employee organizational citizenship behavior.

Originality/value

Previous research indicates that perceived organizational support positively impacts various employee outcomes. However, the antecedents and psychological mechanisms of perceived organizational support are still not well understood. This research intends to fill these gaps in the literature.
The effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee well-being in the hospitality industry
Authors: Kim Hyeli (Lina) , Woo Eunju , Uysal Muzaffer , Kwon Nakyung
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine hotel industry employees’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the influence of these perceptions on their quality of working life (QWL), job satisfaction and overall quality of life. By applying need satisfaction theory and bottom–up spillover theory, the study hypothesizes that employees’ overall quality of life is affected by QWL and job satisfaction. CSR serves as an antecedent to the hypothesis.

Design/methodology/approach

The target population for this study consisted of hotel industry employees working for companies in which CSR practices are conducted. The data collection method involved distributing a survey questionnaire. Using a sample drawn from employees in upscale hotels in South Korea, 442 usable responses were analyzed using a SEM approach.

Findings

The results revealed that philanthropic and economic CSR positively affected QWL, while legal and ethical CSR did not affect QWL. The study also confirms the need satisfaction theory, which suggests that employees’ QWL and job satisfaction affect their overall quality of life.

Originality/value

Despite the importance of CSR perception, most of the previous studies in this area have examined company and customer perspectives, while only limited research has examined employees’ CSR perceptions. The results of this research enrich knowledge of the outcome of CSR from the employee perspective. Information about employees’ perceptions of CSR activities is valuable for hotel management as it is the employees who turn CSR statements to actions.
Managing the face in service failure: the moderation effect of social presence
Authors: Qiu Shangzhi (Charles) , Li Mimi , Mattila Anna S. , Yang Wan
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of in-group social presence on the relationship between face concern and hotel customers’ behavioral responses to service failures.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants were randomly assigned to two conditions: in-group presence vs control group. They read a scenario describing a hotel check-in service failure and answered questions regarding their behavioral intention after the failure and level of face concern.

Findings

The results indicate that face concern is positively associated with the intention to voice a complaint, to spread negative word-of-mouth and to post negative online reviews. While the impact of face concern on complaint intention became insignificant in the presence of an in-group, its effect on posting negative online reviews was enhanced when surrounded by an in-group.

Research limitations/implications

It addresses the long-lasting debate about the association between face concern and various types of behavioral responses to service failure. Practically, extra attention should be paid to the process quality when serving face concerned customers, particularly when they are accompanied by important others.

Originality/value

This study enriches the literature on cultural effects by identifying the situational effect of face concern on customers’ service failure responses. A model that describes the situational effect of face concern on different types of behavioral intention has been built.
The moderating effects of gender and income between leadership and quality of work life (QWL)
Authors: Kara Derya , Kim Hyelin (Lina) , Lee Gyumin , Uysal Muzaffer
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the moderating effects of gender and income on the relationship between leadership style and quality of work life (QWL). This study provides meaningful implications for the hospitality industry in terms of gender and income between leadership and QWL.

Design/methodology/approach

Data are collected from five-star hotel employees (n= 443) in Turkey. The hypotheses are tested using hierarchical linear regression. The independent and dependent variables used to test the hypotheses involving the dependent variable of QWL are centered prior to the empirical analysis to avoid potential multicollinearity.

Findings

Transformational and transactional leadership styles were significant predictors of QWL, controlling for the demographic variables (i.e. age, employment statistics and education level), but gender and income were not significant antecedents of QWL. When it comes to the interaction effect of leadership styles and gender, gender showed a statistically significant moderating effect between transformational leadership and QWL, but not between transactional leadership and QWL. Income had a statistically significant moderating effect between both leadership styles and QWL.

Practical implications

The findings of the study potentially affect hotel management by identifying the moderating effect of gender and income of the employees and demonstrating how quality of life of the employees can be improved by leadership styles of managers.

Originality/value

Previous literature has addressed the issue of leadership and its outcomes. However, there has been limited research on examining the relationship among gender, income, leadership style and QWL in the case of hospitality management.
Operational efficiency evaluation of restaurant firms
Authors: Alberca Pilar , Parte Laura
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the operational efficiency of restaurants in a dynamic context, over the period 2011-2014. The paper also analyzes efficiency with respect to several frontiers and production technologies dependent on restaurant size. Finally, it provides a new perspective by examining financial and non-financial variables that can directly affect the efficiency of restaurant firms.

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies metafrontier data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology to investigate differences in production technologies, dynamic Tobit regression models and bootstrap procedure.

Findings

The results reveal that operational efficiency in the restaurant industry is affected by firm size, showing that large restaurants perform better than medium-sized and small restaurants Moreover, the evidence suggests a link between the efficiency index and financial variables, such as credit ratings, probability of default or bankruptcy, leverage and cash flow, as well as a link with non-financial variables, such as type of auditor.

Practical implications

The strength of restaurant firms has practical implications for managers and entrepreneurs, linked to the investment possibilities and growth potential of companies in that industry.

Originality/value

This study provides exploratory insights into operational efficiency as well as restaurant efficiency determinants. Performance and operational efficiency are key factors to restaurant firms’ survival in the economies that have been most severely affected by the financial crisis. Furthermore, this study confirms the relevance of financial and non-financial variables, which are associated with firm efficiency in this industry.
Pragmatic thought as a philosophical foundation for collaborative tagging and the Semantic Web
Authors: Bruhn Christopher , Syn Sue Yeon
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to use ideas drawn from two founders of American pragmatism, William James and Charles Sanders Peirce, in order to propose a philosophical foundation that supports the value of collaborative tagging and reinforces the structure and goals of the Semantic Web.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs a close analysis of key literature by James and Peirce to answer recent calls for a philosophy of the Web and to respond to research in the LIS literature that has assessed the value and limitations of folksonomy. Moreover, pragmatic views are applied to illustrate the relationships among collaborative tagging, linked data, and the Semantic Web.

Findings

With a philosophical foundation in place, the study highlights the value of the minority tags that fall within the so-called “long tail” of the power law graph, and the importance of granting sufficient time for the full value of folksonomy to be revealed. The discussion goes further to explore how “collaborative tagging” could evolve into “collaborative knowledge” in the form of linked data. Specifically, Peirce’s triadic architectonic is shown to foster an understanding of the construction of linked data through the functional requirements for bibliographic records entity-relation model and resource description framework triples, and James’s image of the multiverse anticipates the goals Tim Berners-Lee has articulated for the Semantic Web.

Originality/value

This study is unique in using Jamesian and Peircean thinking to argue for the value of folksonomy and to suggest implications for the Semantic Web.
Governance through political bureaucracy: an agency approach
Authors: Yolles Maurice
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Smart governance ultimately relates to the ability of political administrations to elicit trust and public confidence. Political administrations normally generate rational policies that arise from their context-sensitive goals. The capability of an administration to develop and implement policies is measured as efficacy, which can influence the value and stability of an administration. However, policy development and implementation is not only an attribute of a political administration but also of its bureaucracy. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of bureaucracies, representing them as complex and dynamic.

Design/methodology/approach

A traditional blueprint model of a bureaucracy comes from Weber, seen to be a servicing body for the implementation of political policy decisions resulting from a process of governance. An alternative model arises from the fictional works of Kafka, which is underpinned by a firm conceptual basis of a bureaucracy that confronts that of Weber. Agency theory will be used to model bureaucracies, and comparisons will be made between the Weber and Kafka conceptualisation.

Findings

There are broad models of a bureaucracy that arise from different propositions such as a Weber and a Kafka model, the latter being more representative of administrations. Any attempts to measure comparative efficacy across political systems or administrations may well lead to failure due to the distinctions in the nature of the bureaucracies that they maintain. The paper argues that the Weber model is an unattainable boundary representation of a bureaucracy. In contrast, Kafka’s more pragmatic conceptualisation can be modelled as a pathological autonomous system that is both complex and adaptive. Such pathologies can be harmful to the implementation of socially improving policies.

Practical implications

The paper shows that even where a political administration has policy initiatives that can improve society, these can be corrupted and misdirected by its bureaucracy, mistakenly believed (by the administration) to be dedicated to the service of the administration, rather than the bureaucracy’s own self-interests.

Originality/value

No other approach has been able to graphically represent the relative natures of different bureaucracies, or their pathologies.
Testing tourism-led growth hypothesis in Laos?
Authors: Kyophilavong Phouphet , Gallup John Luke , Charoenrat Teerawat , Nozaki Kenji
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tourism-led growth hypothesis in Laos.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors test the tourism-led growth hypothesis using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration estimation (Pesaran et al., 2001) and Granger causality tests.

Findings

The results of this paper show that when tourism is forcing variable, there is no long-run relationship between tourism development and economic growth. The Granger causality test demonstrates that there is a uni-directional causality running from economic growth in tourism.

Social implications

The empirical results and policy recommendation may be useful for other small developing countries.

Originality/value

This study is the first study to investigate the relationship between tourism development and growth in Laos, using a relatively new econometric approach – ARDL bound testing.
Taxonomic patterns in the nitrogen assimilation of soil prokaryotes
Authors: Morrissey Ember M. , Mau Rebecca L. , Schwartz Egbert , Koch Benjamin J. , Hayer Michaela , Hungate Bruce A.
Published: February 2018

Nitrogen (N) is frequently a limiting nutrient in soil; its availability can govern ecosystem functions such as primary production and decomposition. Assimilation of N by microorganisms impacts the availability of N in soil. Despite its established ecological significance, the contributions of microbial taxa to N assimilation are unknown. Here we measure N uptake and use by microbial phylotypes and taxonomic groups within a diverse assemblage of soil microbes through quantitative stable isotope probing (qSIP) with 15N. Following incubation with 15
, distinct patterns of 15N assimilation among taxonomic groups were observed. For instance, glucose addition stimulated 15N assimilation in most members of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria but generally decreased 15N use by Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes. While
is considered a preferred and universal source of N to prokaryotes, the majority (> 80%) of N assimilation in our soils could be attributed to a handful of active orders. Characterizing N assimilation of taxonomic groups with 15N qSIP may provide a basis for understanding how microbial community composition influences N availability in the environment.
Isolation and genomic characterization ofNovimethylophilus kurashikiensisgen. nov. sp. nov., a new lanthanide‐dependent methylotrophic species ofMethylophilaceae
Authors: Lv Haoxin , Sahin Nurettin , Tani Akio
Published: February 2018

Recently, it has been found that two types of methanol dehydrogenases (MDHs) exist in Gram‐negative bacterial methylotrophs, calcium‐dependent MxaFI‐MDH and lanthanide‐dependent XoxF‐MDH and the latter is more widespread in bacterial genomes. We aimed to isolate and characterize lanthanide‐dependent methylotrophs. The growth of strain La2‐4Ton methanol, which was isolated from rice rhizosphere soil, was strictly lanthanide dependent. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed only 93.4% identity to that ofMethylophilus luteusMimT, and the nameNovimethylophilus kurashikiensisgen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed. Its draft genome (ca. 3.69 Mbp, G + C content 56.1 mol%) encodes 3579 putative CDSs and 84 tRNAs. The genome harbors fivexoxFsbut nomxaFI. XoxF4 was the major MDH in the cells grown on methanol and methylamine, evidenced by protein identification and quantitative PCR analysis. Methylamine dehydrogenase gene was absent in the La2‐4Tgenome, while genes for the glutamate‐mediated methylamine utilization pathway were detected. The genome also harbors those for the tetrahydromethanopterin and ribulose monophosphate pathways. Additionally, as known species, isolates ofBurkholderia ambifaria, Cupriavidus necatorandDyadobacter endophyticusexhibited lanthanide dependent growth on methanol. Thus, lanthanide can be used as an essential growth factor for methylotrophic bacteria that do not harbor MxaFI‐MDH.
Disclosure “Scriptability”
Authors: ALLEE KRISTIAN D. , DEANGELIS MATTHEW D. , MOON JAMES R.
Published: February 2018

In response to the increasing use of computer programs to process firm disclosures, this registered report develops a new measure of “scriptability” that reflects computerized, rather than human, information processing costs. We validate our measure using SEC filing‐derived data from prior research and identify firm and disclosure characteristics related to it. In our planned hypothesis tests, we find some evidence that the speed of the market response to filings increases with scriptability, but find little evidence that scriptability affects the incidence and speed of news dissemination by Dow Jones. In additional analyses, we find that scriptability exhibits both positive and negative associations with changes in information asymmetry between market participants, depending on the filing, trading window, and measure examined. We also find little evidence that XBRL interacts with scriptability in a meaningful way. Overall, our study broadens our understanding of information processing costs and provides opportunities for new avenues of research.
Antioxidant Properties of Astaxanthin in Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions with Differently‐Charged Emulsifiers Under Chlorophyll Photosensitization
Authors: Yi BoRa , Kim Mi‐Ja , Lee JaeHwan
Published: February 2018

The antioxidative or prooxidative properties of astaxanthin at the concentrations of 0, 10, and 100 μM were determined in oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions containing neutral, anionic, and cationic emulsifiers, which was Tween 20, sodium dodecyl sulfate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), respectively, under chlorophyll photosensitization. The oxidative parameters and headspace volatiles were analyzed in O/W emulsions. In the 24 h period of visible light irradiation, 100 μM of astaxanthin acted as an antioxidant in O/W emulsions containing neutral and anionic emulsifiers. However, astaxanthin in O/W emulsions with a cationic emulsifier was neither an antioxidant nor a prooxidant. The profiles of volatile compounds showed that astaxanthin served as a singlet oxygen quencher in O/W emulsions containing neutral and anionic emulsifiers. However, in O/W emulsion with a cationic emulsifier, astaxanthin was neither a singlet oxygen quencher nor a free radical scavenger because prooxidant properties of CTAB overwhelmed the antioxidant effects of astaxanthin. Therefore, the antioxidant properties of astaxanthin were influenced by the emulsifier charges in O/W emulsions.

Practical Application

Astaxanthin is a lipid‐soluble pigment and has antioxidant, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory properties and beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. Many lipid‐based foods are displayed on the shelves in the markets under fluorescent light. The addition of astaxanthin can extend the shelf life of O/W emulsion type foods such as beverage and dressing products under visible light irradiation. Also, oxidative stability in emulsion type foods containing astaxanthin rich natural ingredients can be predicted.