bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the purification and analysis of miRNAs from urinary exosomes
Authors: Channavajjhala Sarath Kiran , Rossato Marzia , Morandini Francesca , Castagna Annalisa , Pizzolo Francesca , Bazzoni Flavia , Olivieri Oliviero
Published: October 2013

Background: Exosomes are cytoplasm containing vesicles released by many cells that can be found in several biological fluids including urine. Urinary exosomes are released from every segment of the nephron, are detectable in urine, constitutively contain RNA (small RNAs and mRNAs) and harbor unique subset of proteins, reflecting their cellular source.

Methods: With the aim of establishing the optimal protocol for high throughput analysis of exosomal miRNAs, we compared three different urinary exosomes isolation methods and six RNA extraction techniques. Exosomal RNA yield, size and quality were assessed respectively by specific staining with fluorescent dye, capillary electrophoresis and analysis of spectrophotometric parameters. MiRNAs detection and abundance was determined by RT-qPCR.

Results: Among the exosomes isolation methods, Ultrafiltration resulted to be the most suited. The highest exosomal RNA yield quantified by RiboGreen® staining was obtained with the combination of TRI Reagent™ with miRNeasy®, followed by TRI Reagent™, SeraMir™, miRCURY™, mirVana™ and miRNeasy®; but after a multivariate analysis, SeraMir™ scored as the method of choice in terms of miRNA yield, purity and RT-qPCR miRNAs quantification accuracy. Storage conditions were also analyzed, showing that the relative abundance of urinary exosomal miRNAs is not influenced by urine freezing.

Conclusions: The selection of appropriate urinary exosomal miRNA isolation method was dependent on various validation results. Ultrafiltration in combination with SeraMir™ exoRNA columns represents the optimal procedure for a rapid, cost-effective and efficient purification of miRNAs from urinary exosomes, perfectly suited for further applicative research in the field of miRNAs in kidney physiology and pathology.
Comparison of electron energy-loss and quantitative optical spectroscopy on individual optical gold antennas
Authors: Husnik Martin , von Cube Felix , Irsen Stephan , Linden Stefan , Niegemann Jens , Busch Kurt , Wegener Martin
Published: October 2013

Using a rather large set of different individual metallic optical antennas, we compare directly measured electron energy-loss spectra with measured quantitative optical extinction and scattering cross-section spectra on the identical antennas. All antenna resonances lie near 1.4 µm wavelength. In contrast to other reports, we find identical resonance positions for electrons and photons to within the experimental errors. We discuss possible artifacts which can lead to seemingly different resonance positions in experiments. Our experimental results agree well with complete numerical calculations of both sorts of spectra.
Growth hormone and Klotho
Authors: Schmid Christoph , Neidert Marian C , Tschopp Oliver , Sze Lisa , Bernays René L
Published: October 2013

Acromegaly is characterized by excessively high GH and IGF1 levels. Recent data suggest that soluble Klotho (sKlotho) is also elevated in patients with active acromegaly. sKlotho decreases towards normal following removal of the GH-producing pituitary adenoma. TheKlothogene was identified in mice following its accidental disruption by ectopic DNA. It is an ageing suppressor gene of restricted expression (mainly in kidneys, brain, and parathyroid and pituitary glands) encoding a transmembrane protein, mKlotho. mKlotho serves as a co-receptor in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) signalling. FGF23 promotes urinary phosphate excretion and inhibits the synthesis of calcitriol. The ectodomain of mKlotho is enzymatically released to result in a humoral factor, sKlotho, which exerts systemic effects (on ion channels and signalling pathways), possibly by working as an enzyme that modifies glycans of cell surface glycoproteins. GH enhances renal phosphate reabsorption and calcitriol production, i.e. exerts effects in the proximal tubule opposing those attributed to mKlotho, and attenuates calciuria in the distal tubule similar to sKlotho. sKlotho can be measured in extracellular fluids (serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) by an ELISA. In line with predominant expression of Klotho in kidneys and choroid plexus, concentrations of sKlotho are particularly high in urine and CSF. Determination of sKlotho in serum and urine (both presumably reflecting GH action on the kidneys) could be used as a supplementary tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with acromegaly. The question arises whether GH exerts selected actions via modifying activities of Klotho.
Predicting Potentially Life-Threatening Partner Violence by Women Toward Men: A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Hines Denise A. , Douglas Emily M.
Published: October 2013

Researchers have documented predictors of life-threatening violence by men toward women. Little research has assessed predictors of life-threatening violence toward men by women. We investigated such predictors in a sample of 302 men who sustained partner violence (PV) and sought help. Based on prior research on women as victims, we examined the following as potential predictors: demographics of the participant, his female partner, and their relationship; relationship power imbalances; her use of various forms of PV; her alcohol/drug use; his use of various forms of PV; his mental health and substance abuse; and his help seeking and social support. Logistic regressions indicated that there were 2 consistent predictors: the female partner’s frequency of physical PV and the number of sources from which the participant sought help.
Morphological characteristics of interdigital diverticulum (sinus cutaneous interdigitalis) of Dubska Pramenka
Authors: Avdic R. , Katica A. , Mlaco N. , Softic A. , Tandir F. , Cengic B. , Bejdic P. , Cutahija V. , Hadziomerovic N.
Published: October 2013

Lameness in sheep, especially in semi-extensive breeding of Dubska pramenka,
which starts in the interdigital region, was the motive of our morphological
and histological research, in order to and in some way, bring the structure
of the interdigital sinus in correlation with the appearance of this
pathological state that causes extensive economical losses in the domestic
sheep breeding,. The anatomical location of the interdigital diverticulum,
its histological structure, which point to abundance of sebaceous glands
around the hair follicles surrounding the interdigital opening and
interdigital glands in deeper layers, point to the suggestion that their
secretion increases due to poor hygienic keeping conditions. Pathogens -
anaerobic microorganisms, which are most commonly causing the contagious
lameness find the ideal conditions for their growth and reproduction because
the secretion of these glands is likely "to close" the only "air"
communication - interdigital opening.
Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy in an 11-Year-Old Male Patient
Authors: Perrino Carmen M. , Dehner Louis P. , Hartman Mary E. , Agarwal Ashima
Published: October 2013

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) are independently rare in the pediatric population. This report describes an 11-year-old male patient who initially presented with respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. A large left main pulmonary artery embolus and multiple, smaller pulmonary thromboemboli were widely dispersed throughout both lungs. Despite aggressive supportive care, he died within seven hours of admission. A complete postmortem examination was performed, leading to the diagnoses of primary MDS and microthrombi in the lungs, including the characteristic fibroproliferative lesions seen in PTTM. Individually, both conditions are extremely uncommon, and therefore the coincidence of these 2 conditions in a child is singularly unique.
Association Between Loss of Dp140 and Cognitive Impairment in Duchenne and Becker Dystrophies
Authors: Chamova T , Guergueltcheva V , Raycheva M , Todorov T , Genova J , Bichev S , Bojinova V , Mitev V , Tournev I , Todorova A
Published: October 2013

The presence of variable degrees of non progressive cognitive impairment is recognized as a clinical feature of patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD and BMD), but its pathogenesis still remains a matter of debate. A number of findings have proved that rearrangements located in the second part of the dystrophin (DMD) gene seem to be preferentially associated with cognitive impairment. Dp140 is a distal dystrophin isoform, mainly expressed during fetal brain development, whose role for neuropsychological functioning was suggested.

The aims of the current study were to explore the possible association between cognitive impairment and DNA mutations affecting the regulatory regions of Dp140, as well as to compare the neuropsychological functioning of patients affected with DMD and Intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD) with those affected by Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Fiftythree patients genetically diagnosed with DMD, IMD and BMD, subdivided according to sites of mutations along the DMD gene, underwent a neuropsychological assessment, evaluating their general cognitive abilities, verbal memory, attention and executive functions. Twenty patients with mutations, terminating in exon 44 or starting at exon 45 were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of microsatellites STR44, SK12, SK21 and P20 DXS269, in order to evaluate the integrity of the Dp140 promoter region.

According to our statistical results, there was not a significant difference in terms of general intelligence between the allelic forms of the disease, a higher frequency of mental retardation was observed in DMD patients. The patients with BMD had better results on tests, measuring long-term verbal learning memory and executive functions. We found that patients lacking Dp140 performed more poorly on all neuropsychological tests compared to those with preserved Dp140. Overall, our findings suggest that the loss of Dp140 is associated with a higher risk of intellectual impairment among patients with dystrophinopathies and highlights the possible role of this distal isoform in normal cognitive development.
Outbreak of protothecal mastitis in a herd of dairy cows in Poland
Authors: Wawron Władysław , Bochniarz Mariola , Piech Tomasz , Łopuszyński Wojciech , Wysocki Jerzy
Published: October 2013

The study was carried out in a herd of 280 dairy cows in the North-Eastern part of Poland in the summer of 2011. During the period of 5-6 months before the study, mastitis cases resistant to routine antibiotic therapy were observed in this herd. Bacteriological examination of 280 milk samples collected from 70 cows with clinical or subclinical forms of mastitis was performed. Diagnosis of mastitis was made on the basis of anamnesis, clinical examination of the udder, macroscopic evaluation of secretion, California mastitis test (CMT), and results of bacteriological examination of milk. Protothecal mastitis was detected in 34 cows (12.6% of all cows in the herd). Algae belonging to Prototheca zopfii were isolated from 27 milk samples in pure cultures; in the remaining seven samples, mixed infections were identified (P. zopfii and Staphylococcus sp.). The acute form accompanied by elevated body temperature (40 C), pain and hot oedema of the udder, loss of appetite, and reluctance to move were observed in two cows immediately after delivery. The similar symptoms were also noted in three cows with mixed infections. The chronic form of protothecal mastitis was characterised by pasty oedema in the udder of slight painfulness and hard tissue consistency, as well as markedly reduced milk secretion. The macro- and microscopic changes in the mammary tissue was indicative of chronic, fusing microgranulomatous interstitial mastitis protothecosa.
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxins at different stages of production of raw milk cheeses - preliminary results
Authors: Rola Jolanta G. , Korpysa-Dzirba Weronika , Osek Jacek
Published: October 2013

The aim of the study was to identify the potential sources of contamination of traditionally made cheeses during their production with Staphylococcus aureus . The samples were collected at nine dairy farms at different points of manufacturing the cheeses. Isolation and enumeration of coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS) on Baird- Parker RPF agar was conducted, and detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) was performed using ELISA and ELFA. The genes encoding SEs were identified by PCR. CPS were isolated from 51 samples with the highest level of contamination in mature cheese up to 107 CFU g-1. No SEs were detected in tested samples; however, enterotoxic CPS strains were found.
Rising Myanmar: US involvement, power rivalry and new hopes for Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Ishtiaque
Published: October 2013

President Obama’s symbolic and landmark visit to Myanmar bolsters the U.S. policy shift in Asia; an extremely significant step to firm up his Asia-Pacific policy, often described as a “pivot” to the region. Analysts have termed this visit a perfect fit in the larger geopolitical chess game by the Obama administration, which has sought to counter rising Chinese assertiveness by engaging its neighbours. With the transfer of power from an authoritarian government to a civilian one in March 2011, Myanmar embarked on a slow political liberalization. As Myanmar emerges from decades of isolation it generates much hope for the global and regional communities. Being the only other neighbour of Bangladesh besides India, Myanmar can usher new hope and possibilities for Bangladesh since both countries have outstanding issues. This article briefly tries to assess the underlying setting of the U.S. policy shift in greater Southeast Asia and particularly in Myanmar, the significance of this visit, how the other contenders of influence eye this increasing U.S. involvement, and finally the benefits it may yield for its neighbours, especially Bangladesh.
Study on Properties of Alloys with Gallium, Antimony and Zinc from Recycling
Authors: Dervišević Irma , Minić Duško , Kolarević Milan , Kamberović Željko , Ristić Mirjana
Published: October 2013

Alloys with gallium, antimony and zinc, whose elements, metal constituent WEEE (they are specified for mobile phones) are particularly important for developing photoelectron devices, simple reproductive methods of producing p-n structures GaSb, also for production and construction of photo-wave cells in solar panels and they are also processes which develop ceramic semiconductors. In addition, these alloys represent possible substitute for standard lead-tin seam. For the complete definition of the properties of the ternary Ga-Sb-Zn system there were performed many researches of the alloys. The microstructures of the alloys were investigated by usage of SEM with EDS and optic microscopy. By usage of CALPHAD method there was detected the isothermal cross-section at 25ºC. The GaSb has similarities in the properties and behaviour with GaAs, and it is a potential material for the construction of the p-n diode, the photo-wave and thermo-photo-wave cells in solar panels and LCDs. Newly developed materials have been recommended as an adequate replacement for lead and arsenic, which are very dangerous and harmful metals.
Calibrated Hot-Deck Donor Imputation Subject to Edit Restrictions
Authors: Coutinho Wieger , Waal Ton de , Shlomo Natalie
Published: October 2013

A major challenge faced by basically all institutes that collect statistical data on persons, households or enterprises is that data may be missing in the observed data sets. The most common solution for handling missing data is imputation. Imputation is complicated owing to the existence of constraints in the form of edit restrictions that have to be satisfied by the data. Examples of such edit restrictions are that someone who is less than 16 years old cannot be married in the Netherlands, and that someone whose marital status is unmarried cannot be the spouse of the head of household. Records that do not satisfy these edits are inconsistent, and are hence considered incorrect. A further complication when imputing categorical data is that the frequencies of certain categories are sometimes known from other sources or have previously been estimated. In this article we develop imputation methods for imputing missing values in categorical data that take both the edit restrictions and known frequencies into account.
Differentiation of Local Housing Markets in the Poznań Suburban Area
Authors: Tanaś Justyna
Published: October 2013

In recent years, there has been a strong interest in land intended for single-family housing in the suburban zones of big cities. This is strongly related to the suburbanization process. In the present study, the author endeavored to present the differentiation of local markets of undeveloped real estate intended for single-family housing in the suburban zones of Poznań. Notary deeds related to sales transactions in the segment of undeveloped land plots were the basic source of information used in the article. The article shortly discusses the specifics of the land market in the suburban zone, presents the research method (the nature of the real estate prices index) and then, creates a regression function of plot prices and indicates hedonic prices for undeveloped plots intended for single-family housing in particular communes. Finally, it seeks to define the similarities and differences within the local undeveloped property market in the Poznań agglomeration.
A Cranio-Facial Dysmorphic Foetus; A New Syndrome?
Authors: Prasanna LC
Published: October 2013

Cranial Neural Crest (CNC) cells interact with and are consequently instructed by the pharyngeal endoderm, the branchial arch ectoderm, and the isthmic organizer at the midbrain– hindbrain boundary before giving rise to various types of tissues such as bone, cartilage, tooth, and cranial nerve ganglia in the craniofacial region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7672 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):155-156
Correlation Between Malnutrition and Dental Caries in Children
Authors: Shakya Ajay , Shenoy Ramya , Rao Ashwini
Published: October 2013

Introduction: Dental caries and malnutrition is a public health problem, concentrated more among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between malnutrition and dental caries among 6, 10 and 12 years children in Mangalore. Materials and Methods: Data about oral health status and body mass index of children of age groups 6, 10 and 12 were collected using a cross-sectional design. Anthropometric measurements and oral examinations were carried out. Statistical test was performed to look for categorical associations between BMI categories and dental caries prevalence and to see if any correlation exists between BMI Score and dental caries severity. Results: The Pearson correlation test result suggested children with less BMI score tend to have more caries affected teeth than children with normal BMI. Conclusions: Physicians and dentists treating young children should consider malnutrition as a risk marker for childhood caries. Inclusion of BMI calculation in the standard dental evaluation of any pediatric patient can provide a screen for prevention, timely diagnosis, and treatment of the children suffering from dental caries and malnutrition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8171 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):99-102
Typhoid Vaccine in EPI; Relatively New Perhaps Overdue Strategy
Authors: Dhakal Sanjaya , Dhakal Ajaya Kumar
Published: October 2013

Theoretically, it is possible to eliminate Salmonella, pathogenic bacteria that can cause a potentially fatal enteric fever. However, given the high prevalence of the disease in low-income countries that lack adequate facilities for sewage disposal and water treatment, and the fact that people can be long-term asymptomatic carriers, this goal is currently unrealistic. This levies constant need of a preventive measure to reduce morbidity and mortality in children associated with Typhoid Fever in endemic countries like Nepal. Currently, the best possible approach is to integrate the Typhoid vaccination into the Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) until an improved sanitation and sewage disposal system is attained. We must acknowledge that this approach is not definitive until sufficient political and economic attention is received from all stakeholders. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8715 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):152-154
Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Posterior Fossa Lesions
Authors: Gupta Mukesh Kumar , Rauniyar RK , Bhatta N , Raja S , Ahmad K
Published: October 2013

Background: Various neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions can involve posterior cranial fossa. Posterior fossa lesions are potentially fatal since they may result in compression of the brainstem. The objective of this study was to analyze the spectrum of posterior fossa lesions and their clinical presentations. Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year. Thirty patients with clinical features of posterior fossa pathology, referred for cranial computed tomography, were evaluated in the study. Results: Posterior fossa lesions found in this study were cerebellar abscess- 4(13.3%), arachnoid cyst- 4(13.3%), brainstem glioma- 3(10%), cerebellar astrocytoma- 3(10%), acute cerebellar infarct- 2(6.7%), cerebellar metastasis- 2(6.7%), acoustic neuroma- 2(6.7%), meningioma- 2(6.7%), medulloblastoma- 2(6.7%), ependymoma- 1(3.3%), Dandy-Walker malformation- 1(3.3%), 4th ventricular bleed- 1(3.3%), brainstem haemorrhage- 1(3.3%), cerebellar haemorrhage- 1(3.3%), and neurocysticercosis- 1(3.3%). The maximum numbers of cases (23.3%) with posterior fossa lesions were in their first decade of life. Features of raised intracranial pressure (i.e. headache, nausea & vomiting) were the commonest presenting symptoms. Other symptoms included altered sensorium, ataxia, fever, limb weakness, vertigo, seizure, hearing loss, neck stiffness, slurring of voice, ear discharge, tinnitus, loss of consciousness and macrocrania in decreasing order of frequency. Conclusion: There is wide spectrum of the lesions in posterior fossa in children and adults in this part of Nepal, requiring prompt diagnosis and intervention, and CT has a pivotal role in the management. Nepalese Journal of Radiology / Vol.3 / No.1 / Issue 4 / Jan-June, 2013 / 53.58 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v3i1.8796
Intramuscular Hydatid Cyst of Adductor Magnus: A Rare Isolated Presentation
Authors: Gupta Vinit , Tayade A , Kale S
Published: October 2013

The muscular localization of the hydatid cyst is uncommon (0.5 to 5.4%) and it is usually secondary to hepatic or pulmonary disease. A case of intramuscular hydatid cyst in adductor magnus is reported, calling attention to this atypical localization of the disease, which should be taken into account in the practice of surgery. The absence of residual cysts in the most common sites confers a higher interest to the case reported in this work. Though hydatid disease is endemic in India, we present this case due to the rarity of site and typical ultrasonography and computed tomography picture. Nepalese Journal of Radiology / Vol.3 / No.1 / Issue 4 / Jan-June, 2013 / 71-76 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njr.v3i1.8814
A Poética do Oprimido e o papel do espectador no jogo e debate teatrais
Authors: Pereira Antonia
Published: October 2013

Résumé : Le Théâtre de l'Opprimé, indissociable de la trajectoire de l'artiste et du militant Augusto Boal, prétend abolir l'idée d'un «citoyen-spectateur» et la remplacer par celle d'un «citoyen-acteur», dans tous les sens du terme. Le creuset de ce théâtre aux origines révolutionnaires - l'Amérique Latine des années 68 et 70 - se situe de nos jours, en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. Cette réalité fait naître entre autre, deux questions, que nous soulevons ici : 1) La pratique du Théâtre de l'opprimé dans les sociétés postindustrielles permet-elle d'évoquer une logique «de la personnalisation des problèmes sociaux», dépolitisant le mouvement initial ? 2) Engager le spectateur dans le «jeu» et le «débat» théâtraux, est-ce suffisant pour arracher acteurs et spectateurs au phénomène de l'aliénation et leur apprendre du même coup à «être» et à «agir» ?
Perceptions and Experiences of E-Learning among On-Campus Students
Authors: Kazmer Michelle M. , Gibson Amelia N. , Shannon Kathleen
Published: October 2013

This chapter explores the experiences of on-campus graduate students in Library and Information Studies (LIS) who take online classes using the relevant literature and analyzing data from an exploratory study to begin to answer the overarching research question: What are the factors influencing the perceptions and affective experiences of on-campus graduate students who take courses taught via Web-based instruction? Specific subareas of the existing research literature addressing student perceptions of online learning and hybrid and blended learning provide direction and frame the discussion. Empirical evidence is provided via qualitative data from a study comprising face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 20 on-campus students at the Florida State University School of Library and Information Studies (SLIS), all of whom must take online courses to complete the Master’s degree at SLIS.
Design Aspects and Context Awareness in Pervasive Games
Authors: Kasapakis Vlasios , Gavalas Damianos
Published: October 2013

Pervasive games are a new type of digital games that combines game and physical reality within the gameplay. This novel game type raises unprecedented research and design challenges for developers and urges the exploration of new technologies and methods to create high quality game experiences and design novel and compelling forms of content for the players. This chapter follows a systematic approach to explore the landscape of pervasive gaming. First, the authors approach pervasive games from a theoretical point of view, defining the four axes of pervasive games design, introducing the concept of game world persistency, and describing aspects of spatially/temporally/socially expanded games. Then, they present ten pervasive game projects, classified in five genres based on their playing environment and features. Following that, the authors present a comparative view of those projects with respect to several design aspects: communication and localization, context and personal awareness aspects, information model, player equipment, and game space visualization. Last, the authors highlight current trends, design principles, and future directions for pervasive games development.
Social Cars
Authors: Schroeter Ronald , Soro Alessandro , Rakotonirainy Andry
Published: October 2013

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) encompass sensing technologies, wireless communication, and intelligent algorithms, and resemble the infrastructure for ubiquitous computing in the car. This chapter borrows from social media, locative media, mobile technologies, and urban informatics research to explore three classes of ITS applications in which human behavior plays a more pivotal role. Applications for enhancing self-awareness could positively influence driver behavior, both in real-time and over time. Additionally, tools capable of supporting our social awareness while driving could change our attitude towards others and make it easier and safer to share the road. Lastly, a better urban awareness in and outside the car improves our understanding of the road infrastructure as a whole. As a case study, the authors discuss emotion recognition (emotions such as aggressiveness and anger are a major contributing factor to car crashes) and a suitable basis and first step towards further exploring the three levels of awareness, self-, social-, and urban-awareness, in the context of driving on roads.
An Assessment of Customer’s Preferences and Improve Brand Awareness Implementation of Social CRM in an Automotive Company
Authors: Marengo Agostino , Pagano Alessandro , Barbone Alessio
Published: October 2013

The huge amount of online conversations that arises from the new means of communication between users, if analyzed and capitalized, is an important resource for companies and brands alike. Thus, a fundamental tool for the management of the relationship with customers such as CRM seems to be exceeded. The concept of a Social CRM platform was born with the objective of filling the gap between brand and customers connected to various social networks, allowing both parties to achieve tangible benefits from active participation. The key objective of this research involves the implementation of a Social CRM system, which is not yet present on the automotive market. The work starts through the identification and implementation of an experimental prototype that can define and highlight a methodological and technological best practice in the integration of heterogeneous components of an information system composed of independent software and continues with the definition of an integrated system that allows innovative Business Intelligence activities.
Investigation on the Thermal Stability of the Compounds Y1-xErxCo5 (x = 0, 0.12, 0.24)
Authors: He Wei , Zhang Yong Zhi , Zhao Yun Hong , Zeng Ling Min
Published: October 2013

The rare earth-cobalt compounds with CaCu5-type structure were discovered to have outstanding permanent magnetic properties. The thermal stability of Y1-xErxCo5(x = 0, 0.12, 0.24) was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive analysis. The influence of Er for Y on the decomposition of Y1-xErxCo5was discussed. The substitution of Er for Y in the compound YCo5obviously enhanced the decomposition temperature and accelerated the decomposition reaction of the compounds Y1-xErxCo5into (Y1-xErx)2Co17and (Y1-xErx)2Co7.
Study on the Reflecting Properties of HFHIPS
Authors: Jing Peng Sheng , Liu Ying , Zheng Xiu Ting , Wu Da Ming , Wang Hai Jun
Published: October 2013

With HFHIPS as the substrate, through the double-screw extrusion processing technology of blending modification, add the titanium dioxide (TiO2) and brightener (ZB) into the HFHIPS. Change the content of TiO2 and ZB of the substrate respectively, study the influence of content on the HFHIPS Reflective materials with microstructure on surface, Including reflectivity, whiteness, impact strength and tensile strength. The results show that, when add the TiO2 and ZB into the HFHIPS, reflectivity and whiteness were improved obviously. Reflectivity can reach 95.3%, at the same time, the intensity will not have a significant reduction; But when the content reaches a certain value, TiO2 and ZB will cover each other, this will reduce the reflectivity and whiteness.
Calculation and Analysis of Diffusion Kinetics of Alloying Elements in Bearing Steel
Authors: Li Hui , Mi Zhen Li , Zhang Xiao Lei , Tang Di , Wang Yi De
Published: October 2013

In order to detect the diffusion law of alloying elements in 0.95c-1.45cr-0.35mn-0.25si bearing steel during annealing process,the database of tcfe7 and mobfe of dictra software were used to calculate the diffusion kinetics. The results show that c atoms diffuse rapidly in single fcc phase field and at last uniform,temperature and holding time have no significant influence on them;cr,si,and mn has the same diffusion mechanism,the initial solidifying field has lower solute than the subsequent,and has slight change after solidification. The improvement of segregation factor (cr) at 1300°C for 5h is better than at 1050°C, 1200°C for 10h.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on Intrinsic Length of Clay in Tianhe District of Guangzhou
Authors: Wang Yi Zhao , Mo Hai Hong , Fang Ying Guang , Gu Ren Guo
Published: October 2013

In order to obtain the influencing factors and behavior of the intrinsic length of clay in Tianhe District of Guangzhou, different specimens are fabricated by the mixing clay and quartz sand in Tianhe District. Using the triaxial shear test results, the intrinsic lengths of different samples are determined. The results show that the liquidity index of matrix has little effect on the intrinsic length. The intrinsic length increases linearly with increasing reinforcing particle content. The larger the content is, in reinforcing particle the larger the decrease is in intrinsic length. The intrinsic length decreases with increased reinforcing particle size.
Research on Corn Stover Fermentation by Multi-Bacterium and Improvement of Fermentation Devices
Authors: Wang Xin Yi , Li Wei Zun
Published: October 2013

t was reported that more than 1 billion tons of straw is produced in China each year. Because of difficulties in degradation, farmers usually burn the straw by themselves. In this paper, corn stover was chosen to represent straw and microorganisms were used to produce organic fertilizer in order to render the straw harmless. Also organic fertilizer can improve soil quality and reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers. 5 Microorganisms which were Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus thermophiles, Pseudomonas stutzeri and Zymomonasmobilis were selected by high CMC enzymatic activity.Then, a multi-bacterium was designed which could improve fermentation efficiency. To save energy, water resources and improve fermentation efficiency, the fermentation device in the lab was improved.
Study on Combined Soil Purification Tank System Reactor in Treatment of Domestic Sewage
Authors: Tian Xiao Yan , Zhou Zhi Ming , Ye Chang Bing , Dai Dong Liang
Published: October 2013

To solve the problems of dead angle and low dissolved oxygen of current soil purification tank system, the combined soil purification tank system reactor was designed to treat domestic sewage by our research group. The results of 10 months indicated that the optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) were 2.5d; the influent COD concentration fluctuating at 130~350mg/L; the optimal aeration opposition were in the front and the rear end with using the intermittent aeration mode; Under these conditions as above, the COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP average removal rates were 88.8%(S=1.51%), 91.2%(S=1.30%), 89.6%(S=2.15%) and 92.4%(S=2.79%) at (23±2) °C, respectively. Based on the results of trial, the mechanisms of the combined soil purification tank system reactor with higher efficacy in treatment of low concentration sewage are owed to the structure of the waveform and slope, high efficient wetland plants and soil microorganisms of degradation performance and soil matrix of adsorption.
Study on Fracture of the Fibrous Monolith Cemented Carbide
Authors: Ding Cun Guang , Liu Xue Quan , Li Yi , Li Chang Hai , Li Nan , Li Fa Chang
Published: October 2013

A fibrous monolith cemented carbide with WC-6%Co as cell and WC-20%Co as cell boundaries was produced through hot co-extrusion process in this paper. The density, hardness, transverse rupture strength (TRS) and fracture toughness (KIc) of the fibrous monolith cemented carbide were tested, and the fracture and crack propagation were observed by metalloscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. The result shows fibrous monolith structure design could effectively improve the TRS and the KIc of WC/Co cemented carbide without a significant decrease of hardness. It is the reason of high transverse rupture strength and fracture toughness that WC-20%Co can absorb more fracture energy in order to slow, prevent, or deflect crack propagation, proved by metalloscope and scanning electron microscope.
Fabrication of Nanostructured Hydrophobic Surfaces with Laser Interference Lithography
Authors: Yu Hang , Lu Bing Rui , Li Hui , Li Jian Ying , Liu Ran
Published: October 2013

The fabrication of large area nanoscale periodic structures on material surfaces for hydrophobicity engineering has been difficult due to the complex processes. Here we propose a two-step fabrication method for periodic nanostructures by combining laser interference lithography (LIL) and reactive ion etching (RIE). Sub-micron periodic nanotip patterns are fabricated in the photoresist by LIL, and then transferred into the silicon substrate using RIE. By measuring the contact angle (CA) of a water droplet on the substrate surface, the wettability of the surface with nanotip structures of various periods is studied. Our experiments show that the nanotip structures fabricated by the combined LIL and RIE process deliver satisfactory hydrophobic tendencies when the periods fall into the submicron scale. When the period of the structure is small enough, the hydrophilicity of the surface can be altered into hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity achieved by this method is reusable and sustainable with low cost and no composition alteration comparing to chemical methods. The process developed in this work provides potential applications in biosensingand digital fluidics.
Synthesis of Copper Nanospindles and Microflowers via a Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Process
Authors: Jing Jun Jie , Xie Ji Min , Chen Gao Yuan , Li Wen Hua , Zhang Ming Mei
Published: October 2013

A facile solution-phase process has been demonstrated for the selective preparation of single-crystalline Cu nanospindles and microflowers by reducing Cuprous iodide (CuI) with Sodium ascorbate (VCNa) in the presence of Pluronic F-127(F-127) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To study the formation process of Cu nanoparticles, samples obtained at various stages of the growth process were studied by XRD. UV-vis spectra of the Cu nanospindles and microflowers were recorded to investigate their optical properties, which indicated that as-prepared Cu nanostructures exhibited morphology-dependant optical property.
Bifunctional Ag/AgCl/α-Co (OH)2 Nanocomposite with Selective Adsorption and Photocatalytic Properties for Dyes Removal
Authors: Sun Jian Chao , Cheng Juan , Fan Hai , Ai Shi Yun
Published: October 2013

Bifunctional Ag/AgCl/α-Co (OH)2 nanocomposite with selective adsorption and visible-light photocatalytic activities was prepared by a facile anion-exchange precipitation method via the reaction of α-Co (OH)2 and AgNO3, during which Cl anions in the interlayer of α-Co (OH)2 are consequently released and reacted with Ag ions to form AgCl on the surface of α-Co (OH)2 nanosheets. The prepared Ag/AgCl/α-Co (OH)2 nanocomposite was used to adsorb and photodegrade the organic dyes from water. Results indicated that the nanocomposite not only has highly selective adsorption ability but shows good visible-light photocatalytic abilities to organic dyes.
Gas Sensors Based on Deposited Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Polypyrrole Networks for Ammonia Detection
Authors: Wang Yan Yan , Liu Yan Hua , Yuan Lei , Zhang Feng , Zhang Wei , Rong Chen , Huo Da Yun , Zhang Xian Ying , Peng Chang Si
Published: October 2013

In this work, we demonstrate excellent gas sensors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)-polypyrrole (PPy) networks for the detection of ammonia (NH3) gas. The SWNTs networks were deposited on oxidized silicon surface functionalized with 3-aminopropytrimethysilane. The Fe3+ions were easily adsorbed on the surface of SWNTs by ion exchange process. After deposition of PPy molecules on the surface of SWNTs by chemical vapor polymerization process in a sealed container with pyrrole vapors, SWNTs-PPy networks were formed. By the combination of traditional silicon processes, SWNTs-PPy networks-based gas sensors were fabricated at a wafer scale. The sensitive properties of the resultant gas sensors for the detection of NH3gas were investigated at room temperature. And the results suggested that the gas sensors based on SWNTs-PPy networks exhibited excellent sensitivity to NH3gas. This new method is very simple, which holds great potential in the wide spread practical production.
Study on the Synthesis and Properties of Waterborne Epoxy Resin and Curing Agent
Authors: Sheng Jian Guo , Zeng Ping , Shan Yu Di
Published: October 2013

With chemical modification method, the epoxy resin E44 was modified into water-borne epoxy resin by diethanolamine, considering the compatibility of curing agent and resin, diethylenetriamine was modified into epoxy amine curing agent as well, through single factor method to discuss the effects of reactant ratio, reaction temperature on the results of the product, the structure of the product was analyzed by Infrared spectrum. The experimental results showed that, when molar ratio of epoxy resin and diethanolamine was 4:3, reaction temperature of 70-80°C, the preparation of waterborne epoxy resin emulsion has small particle size and good stability. At the same time, when molar ratio of epoxy resin and diethylenetriamine was 1:1, reaction temperature of 80°C, the performance of waterborne epoxy curing agent is well.
The Compatibility of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) and Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends
Authors: Sun Xi Ming , Zhong Lu Hua , Lan Xiao Ping , Tan Guan Yue
Published: October 2013

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been used to toughen Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB) and increase its cold-resistance. The compatibility of P34HB/TPU blends was predicted by solubility parameter, then investigated by appearance and transparence, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The P34HB/TPU was found to be a partly compatible system. The appearance and transparence of P34HB/TPU blends were smooth and non-transparent. The DMA showed that the glass transition temperature of P34HB was decreased with the increase of TPU content. The SEM photos showed that the morphology of the P34HB/TPU blends were the sea island structure.
Hydrogen Production over Eosin Y-Sensitized Pt-Loaded Layered Lanthanum Niobate under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Zhang Xiao Pei , Wei Yue Lin , Chen Shu Hong , Xu Jing , Zhao Huang , Huang Yun Fang
Published: October 2013

A novel and highly efficient photocatalyst, Eosin Y-sensitized Pt-intercalated nanotube Pt/HLa Nb2O7, was found to be very active for hydrogen generation within triethanolamine (TEOA) solution as the electron donor under visible-light irradiation (λ420 nm). The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), scan electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results showed that the significant enhancement of photocatalytic activity was achieved via Pt intercalating and subsequent dye sensitization of Pt/HLaNb2O7. The highest rate for hydrogen evolution was 4.45 mmol·g-1·h-1under irradiation with a wavelength longer than 420 nm, and the probable mechanism of photosensitized hydrogen evolution have also been discussed.
Effect of Preparation Conditions on the Performance of Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3 Composite Coatings
Authors: Liu Xiao Zhen , Li Yu Zhen , Song Ling Ling , Yu Xiao Dong , Lu Wei Ting
Published: October 2013

TiB2and Gd2O3were used as codeposited particles for the first time in preparing Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings to improve its performance. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition method from a nickel cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide solution containing TiB2and Gd2O3particles. The content of codeposited TiB2and Gd2O3in the composite coatings was controlled by the addition of different TiB2and Gd2O3particles concentrations in the solution, respectively. The effects of TiB2and Gd2O3content on microhardness, wear weight loss, and friction coefficient of composite coatings were investigated, respectively. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings shows higher microhardness and lower wear weight loss, friction coefficient than those of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2composite coatings. The wear weight loss of Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings is lower 9.13 and 1.59 times than that of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2composite coatings, respectively. The friction coefficients of pure Ni coating, Ni-TiB2and Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings are 0.723, 0.815 and 0.43, respectively. Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3composite coatings shows the least friction coefficient among the three coatings. Gd2O3particles in composite coatings serves as solid lubricant between contact surfaces, decreases the friction coefficient, abates the wear and increases the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Gd2O3particles in the composite coatings are closely related to the content of Gd2O3particles in the composite coatings.
Broad Red Emission with Ultraviolet Excitation in Pr3+ Doped MgAl2O4 Phosphors
Authors: Zou Hua , Peng Deng Feng , Chu Zhen Ming , Wang Xu Sheng , Li Yan Xia , Yao Xi
Published: October 2013

The broad strong red emission in Pr3+doped MgAl2O4phosphor powders have been synthesized by conventional solid state reaction in air. The temperature dependence of particle size and structural phase were investigated. The intense red emission of the phosphors is observed under 250-350 nm excitation, which cover the spectrum of Ultraviolet. The optimal emission intensity was obtained when Pr doping level was 0.002mol. The lifetime decay curves with different concentrations and a possible mechanism were also studied.
Effect of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment on Corrosion Resistance of Welded Joints of 16MnR Steel
Authors: He Bo Lin , Yu Ying Xia , Liu Jing , Shi Jian Ping
Published: October 2013

The weld seam and weld toe surface were treated by ultrasonic impact method. The contrast corrosion tests were performed in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution both for the un-treated and treated joint. The experimental results indicate that the severe plastic deformation on the surface of weld seam and weld toe were formed by ultrasonic impact for different time, the maximum depth of the plastic deformation layer is about 300μm. Residual tensile stress in the surface of weld seam and weld toe can be changed to residual compressive stress by impact treatment, and the grain in the surface of welded joint could be refined. Compared to the un-treated joint, when the impact current is 1.2A and 1.5A, respectively, the corrosion rate of treated joint was reduced by 22.67%, 54.59%, 43.99% and 33.92%, 56.54%, 49.29%, respectively for 10, 20 and 30 min. treating. The corrosion resistance of welded joint has a certain relationship with the residual stress on the surface of welded joint. The ultrasonic impact treatment has distinct effect on the corrosion resistance of 16MnR welded joint.
Effects of Slag Refining and Vacuum Treatment on De-Phosphorus from MG-Si Using CaO-SiO2-CaCl2 Slag
Authors: Huang Liu Qing , Lai Hui Xian , Fang Ming , Lu Cheng Hao , Chen Juan , Lin Yan Xu , Yu De Qin , Li Jin Tang , Ma Wen Hui , Shen Jian Ning , Luo Xue Tao
Published: October 2013

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the effect of slag refining and vacuum treatment on P removal from metallurgical-grade silicon using CaO-SiO2-CaCl2 slag. It demonstrates that both of CaO: SiO2 ratio and CaCl2 content have significant effects on the P removal. Increasing CaO: SiO2 ratio was found to decrease the P removal efficiency after slag refining and vacuum treatment, and the distribution of P shows a tendency to concentrate in the precipitated phase after slag refining. It is also determined that the highest removal efficiency of P was attained when CaCl2 content was 5wt%( CaO:SiO2=1:1), but no obvious change was observed on P distribution after slag refining of varying CaCl2 content.