bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
4-week GLP immunotoxicity assessment of lactoferrin alpha produced byKomagataella phaffiiin Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Peterson Ross , Crawford Robert B. , Blevins Lance K. , Kaminski Norbert E. , Clark Anthony J. , Malinczak Carrie-Anne
Published: August 2024

Oral toxicity and toxicokinetic properties of human lactoferrin (LF) alpha produced inKomagataella Phaffii(effera™) were investigated in adult Sprague-Dawley rats over a 28-day period under good laboratory practice conditions. Main study dosing used groups of 10 rats/sex/dose, and a secondary study evaluating toxicokinetic parameters used 6 rats/sex/dose. The vehicle control group received sodium citrate buffer, test groups received daily doses of 200, 600, and 2000 mg of effera™ per kg body weight, and the comparative control group received 2000 mg bovine LF (bLF)/kg body weight per day. T-cell dependent antibody response against keyhole limpet hemocyanin and immunophenotyping of the spleen were performed as measures of immunotoxicity. Clinical observations, body weight, hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, immunotoxicity, gross necropsy, and histopathology were assessed. Toxicokinetic parameters were analyzed as an indication of LF bioavailability, and anti-LF antibody assays were conducted to detect antibodies produced against LF to measure immunogenicity. No treatment related toxicologically significant changes were observed. Based on the absence of toxicologically relevant changes, effera™ is well tolerated in rats at doses up to 2000 mg rhLF/kg/day, an amount ∼400 times that of the estimated daily intake at the 90th percentile proposed for human adult use.
Lifestyles according to disease duration in patients with diabetes and hypertension
Authors: Loayza-Castro Joan A. , Valladolid-Sandoval Lupita Ana Maria , Vásquez-Romero Luisa Erika Milagros - , Zuzunaga Montoya Fiorella E. , Astucuri Hidalgo Jhonatan Roberto , Vera-Ponce Víctor Juan
Published: August 2024

Introduction: In patients with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM), lifestyles should be optimal to avoid long-term complications. However, it is sometimes unclear whether the disease duration factor could contribute to their improvement. Objective: 1) To analyze the trend of lifestyles in patients with DM or HTN; 2) to determine the association of lifestyles according to the time since diagnosis in these patients. Materials and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study based on Peru's Demographic and Family Health Survey between 2014 and 2023. Lifestyles were: smoking status, alcohol consumption, and fruit/vegetable consumption. The time since diagnosis variable was dichotomized (< 2 years versus ≥ 2 years). Results: Lifestyle trends between the established years showed a fluctuating pattern, with a significant interruption in 2020, followed by a return to pre-2020 variations, except for a decrease in smokers in subjects with HTN. On the other hand, no significant association was found between any of the three lifestyles and the time since diagnosis of HTN or DM2. Conclusion: The trends found in lifestyles have not resulted in a sustained decrease in bad habits or a constant improvement in healthy lifestyles, except for smokers in patients with HTN, but rather a general state without substantial changes has been maintained. In turn, the disease duration does not seem to be a determining factor for changes in the lifestyles of patients with DM or HTN. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Healthy Lifestyles, Peru (MeSH)
Immunojanus Particles for low-volume and isolation-free unlabeled characterization of small Extracellular Vesicle in biofluids: Characterization of disease type by surface marker profiling
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Sinclair John Alex , Shi Tiger , Chuang Han-Sheng , Senapati Satyajyoti , Chang Hsueh-Chia
Published: August 2024

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are vital for cellular communication and serve as critical biomarker carriers for diseases such as cancer. However, quantifying and profiling sEV surface markers presents significant challenges due to the low concentration of specific sEV-bound proteins and interference by more abundant dispersed proteins. This paper presents Immunojanus Particles (IJPs), a new method that enables the direct detection of sEVs in less than an hour without isolation. The design of IJPs incorporates fluorescent and non-fluorescent halves, utilizing rotational Brownian motion to detect captured sEVs through the change in the blinking rate, without interference from the smaller dispersed proteins. We demonstrate a detection limit of 2E5 sEVs/mL with low sample volumes and the capability to characterize sEVs directly from plasma, serum, cell culture media, and urine. In a small pilot study involving 87 subjects, including individuals with colorectal cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, Alzheimer’s disease, and healthy controls, our method accurately identified the type of disease with high 0.90-0.99 AUC in a blind setting. Compared with an orthogonal ultracentrifugation plus surface plasmon resonance (UC+SPR) method that requires about 24 hours, the sensitivity and dynamic range of IJP are better by 2 logs.
Attention and working memory investigated through the P300 component in children practicing Karate at different stages of biological maturation
Authors: Nicoliche Eduardo , Vasconcelos Alexandre , Machado Marcos , Tanaka Guaraci , Vicente Renan , Marques Adriana , Costa Élida , Gongora Mariana , Di Giacomo Jessé , Nobre Marcelo , Teixeira Silmar , Bastos Victor Hugo , Cagy Mauricio , Fernandes Isabelle , Machado Caroline , Ribeiro Pedro , Gupta Daya S. , Velasques Bruna , Budde Henning
Published: August 2024

Aim

To investigate attention and working memory, comparing children practice Karate and non-Karate practitioners at different stages of biological maturation through the amplitude and latency of the P300 component during the execution of a Go/No-Go paradigm.

Material and Methods

The P300 was analyzed for Fz, Cz, and Pz electrodes in 80 participants separated in two groups: an Karate practitioners group comprising Karate practitioners and comprising non-Karate practitioners. Each group was further subdivided according to the biological maturation range defined by Peak Height Velocity. In addition, the participants performed a Go/No-Go paradigm to measure amplitude and latency.

Results

The EEG analysis showed Ffr electrodes Pz and Cz, an interaction was found between group and Peak Height Velocity for the amplitude variable (respectively: F = 45.858; d = 0.38; p < 0.001 / F = 10.411; d = 0.17; p = 0.004). For the Fz electrode, a main effect was found between group and Peak Height Velocity (respectively: F = 40.330; d = 0.34; p = 0.010 / F = 36.730; d = 0.30; p = 0.012) for the variable amplitude and latency. main effect between group and Peak Height Velocity (respectively: F = 7.719; d = 0.14; p = 0.012 / F = 38.370; d = 0.31; p = 0.010).

Conclusions

In general, it is possible to conclude that participants in the Karate practitioners group exhibited electrocortical measures corresponding to greater efficiency in decision-making and attention processes, motor planning, working memory, attention allocation, motor execution, and greater attentional engagement. It was also demonstrated that, despite the children being at very close chronological ages, their biological maturation differed.
Automated Navigation of the lncRNA Transcriptome: A comprehensive SnakeMake based computational Pipeline for robust Identification of lncRNAs and their putative targets
Authors: Kandpal Manu , Mukherjee Chitranjan , Rami Bhadresh
Published: August 2024

Background

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as potent regulatory elements in cellular processes. The substantial increase in transcriptomic data resulting from high-throughput RNA sequencing necessitates effective approaches for the identification and functional annotation of lncRNAs.

Method

To address this need, we have developed a SnakeMake-based pipeline. Our pipeline automates and integrates several key steps: 1) RNA-seq analysis using Hisat2 and stringTie, (2) lncRNA identification using inhouse python scripts and tools CPC2 and BLASTX, (3) prediction ofcis-andtrans-gene targets of lncRNAs, and (4) KEGG pathway enrichment to obtain biological insights. Importantly, the pipeline allows users to customize parameters for each step through a user-friendly configuration file (config.yaml), enhancing flexibility and ease of use. One of the distinctive features of our approach is its single command execution, facilitating multiple runs without the need for extensive user intervention. This not only enhances user convenience but also ensures reproducibility of analyses across different studies.

Result

We applied our pipeline on rice, sorghum, and human RNA-seq data, to identify (1) List of all differentially expressed transcripts., (2) List of differentially expressed lncRNAs, (3) lncRNA target genes, (4) Enriched pathways to which target genes belong and (5) Obtain a visualization output in the form of a bubble plot that depicts the enriched pathways. Our approach can help researchers obtain valuable biological insights into how lncRNAs contribute to various biological functions.

Conclusion

The distinctive features of our SnakeMake-based automation pipeline position it as a versatile asset for researchers seeking a user-friendly, adaptable, robust, and reproducible solution for pan species lncRNA analysis. By efficiently uncovering the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in cellular processes, this pipeline has the potential to shed light on various biological phenomena, such as developmental biology, disease progression, and cellular response to external stimuli.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

This study presents a SnakeMake-based pipeline for identifying and annotating long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) from RNA sequencing data. It integrates RNA-seq analysis, IncRNA identification, gene target prediction, and pathway enrichment, with customizable parameters through a user-friendly configuration file. The pipeline’s single command execution enhances convenience and reproducibility. (The bubble chart in the figure is a representative chart and provided as an example.)
Development of Machine Learning-based QSAR Models for the Designing of Novel Anti-cancer Therapeutics Against Malignant Glioma
Authors: Asaad Fareed , Zaka Mehreen , Durdağı Serdar
Published: August 2024

In the early drug design and discovery phase, virtual screening of diverse small molecule libraries is crucial. Machine learning (ML)-based algorithms have made this process easier and faster. In this study, we have applied ML-based algorithms to generate the QSAR models for virtual screening. The aim of study is to design the statistically significant models for the screening of small molecule libraries to identify the novel hits against IDH1 mutant receptor crucial for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). To construct the models, we have used both cell lines data (U87 and U251 cells) and the inhibitors of IDH1 mutant reported in the literature and used the pIC50activity data to train our models. Furthermore, ligand-based 3D QSAR models and structure-based pharmacophore models were also constructed and validated.
Bacteriophages inject DNA into giant unilamellar vesicles mimicking Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide outer membranes
Authors: Stephan Mareike , Broeker Nina K. , Robinson Tom , Dimova Rumiana , Barbirz Stefanie
Published: August 2024

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are a versatile platform to study cell membrane functions. We have constructed phospholipid GUVs presenting lipopolysaccharide on their external surface (LPS-GUVs) to mimic the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria. GUVs allow for adjusting a defined OM composition, unlike the dynamic changes of LPS structures typically observed in vivo. The OM is a major control point for the viral genome transfer from bacteriophages into bacterial hosts. We found that siphovirus 9NA specifically binds to the surface of GUVs when presenting its Salmonella Typhimurium LPS phage receptor. Using LPS-GUVs filled with DNA-sensitive dyes we show that after surface fixation, the bacteriophage particle opens and injects its DNA into the GUV lumen. No OM proteins were included in the LPS-GUV membrane, emphasizing that the presence of the LPS membrane glycolipid assembly alone is sufficient to trigger the start of bacteriophage genome transfer. LPS-GUVs thus open a sustainable route to systematic studies of viral infection mechanisms at the host envelope and provide a cell-free platform to study surfaces of pathogenic bacteria. This is an important prerequisite for developing effective antimicrobial therapies based on bacteriophages that target Gram-negative pathogens.
A meta-analysis of sex differences in neonatal rodent ultrasonic vocalizations and the implication for the preclinical maternal immune activation model
Authors: Randell Alison M. , Salia Stephanie , Fowler Lucas F. , Aung Toe , Puts David A. , Swift-Gallant Ashlyn
Published: August 2024

As the earliest measure of social communication in rodents, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in response to maternal separation are critical in preclinical research on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). While sex differences in both USV production and behavioral outcomes are reported, many studies overlook sex as a biological variable in preclinical models of NDDs. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in USV call parameters and to determine if USVs are differently impacted based on sex in the preclinical maternal immune activation (MIA) model. Results indicate that sex differences in USVs vary with developmental stage and are more pronounced in MIA offspring. Specifically, control females exhibited longer call durations than males in early development (up to postnatal day [PND] 8), but this pattern reverses after PND8. MIA leads to a reduction in call numbers for females compared to same-sex controls in early development, with a reversal post-PND8. MIA decreased call duration and increased total call duration in males, but unlike females, developmental stage did not influence these differences. In males, MIA effects varied by species, with decreased call numbers in rats but increased call numbers in mice. The timing of MIA (gestational day ≤ 12.5 vs. >12.5) did not significantly affect the results. Our findings highlight the importance of considering sex, developmental timing, and species in USVs research. We discuss how analyzing USV call types and incorporating sex as a biological variable can enhance our understanding of neonatal ultrasonic communication and its translational value in NDD research.
Spurious self-feedback of mean-field predictions inflates infection curves
Authors: Merger Claudia , Albers Jasper , Honerkamp Carsten , Helias Moritz
Published: August 2024

The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model and its variants form the foundation of our understanding of the spread of diseases. Here, each agent can be in one of three states (susceptible, infected, or recovered), and transitions between these states follow a stochastic process. The probability of an agent becoming infected depends on the number of its infected neighbors, hence all agents are correlated. The simplest mean-field theory of the same stochastic process, however, assumes that the agents are statistically independent. This leads to a self-feedback effect in the approximation: when an agent infects its neighbors, this infection may subsequently travel back to the original agent at a later time, leading to a self-infection of the agent which is not present in the underlying stochastic process. We here compute the first-order correction to the mean-field assumption from a systematic expansion, called dynamical TAP theory. This correction, which takes fluctuations up to second order in the interaction strength into account, cancels the self-feedback effect, leading to smaller infection rates. The correction significantly improves predictions compared to mean-field theory. In particular, it captures how sparsity dampens the spread of the disease: this indicates that reducing the number of contacts is more effective than predicted by mean-field models. We further apply the expansion to variants of the SIR model, such as the SIRS model, in which the immunity of an individual to the disease wanes over time. We find that up to the second order, the correction terms in the SIR and SIRS model are equivalent, meaning that fluctuations partially cancel the self-feedback effect even when self-feedback is in principle allowed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Flow-Xl: a new facility for the analysis of crystallization in flow systems
Authors: Turner T. D. , O'Shaughnessy C. , He X. , Levenstein M. A. , Hunter L. , Wojciechowski J. , Bristowe H. , Stone R. , Wilson C. C. , Florence A. , Robertson K. , Kapur N. , Meldrum F. C.
Published: August 2024

Characterization of crystallization processes in situ is of great importance to furthering knowledge of how nucleation and growth processes direct the assembly of organic and inorganic materials in solution and, critically, understanding the influence that these processes have on the final physico-chemical properties of the resulting solid form. With careful specification and design, as demonstrated here, it is now possible to bring combined X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, coupled to a range of fully integrated segmented and continuous flow platforms, to the laboratory environment for in situ data acquisition for timescales of the order of seconds. The facility used here (Flow-Xl) houses a diffractometer with a micro-focus Cu Kα rotating anode X-ray source and a 2D hybrid photon-counting detector, together with a Raman spectrometer with 532 and 785 nm lasers. An overview of the diffractometer and spectrometer setup is given, and current sample environments for flow crystallization are described. Commissioning experiments highlight the sensitivity of the two instruments for time-resolved in situ data collection of samples in flow. Finally, an example case study to monitor the batch crystallization of sodium sulfate from aqueous solution, by tracking both the solute and solution phase species as a function of time, highlights the applicability of such measurements in determining the kinetics associated with crystallization processes. This work illustrates that the Flow-Xl facility provides high-resolution time-resolved in situ structural phase information through diffraction data together with molecular-scale solution data through spectroscopy, which allows crystallization mechanisms and their associated kinetics to be analysed in a laboratory setting.
Laboratory-based 3D X-ray standing-wave analysis of nanometre-scale gratings
Authors: Matveevskii Ksenia , Nikolaev Konstantin V. , Fallica Roberto , Beckers Detlef , Gateshki Milen , Kharchenko Alexander , Spanjer Bart , Rogachev Alexander , Yakunin Sergey , Ackermann Marcelo , Makhotkin Igor A.
Published: August 2024

The increasing structural complexity and downscaling of modern nanodevices require continuous development of structural characterization techniques that support R&D and manufacturing processes. This work explores the capability of laboratory characterization of periodic planar nanostructures using 3D X-ray standing waves as a promising method for reconstructing atomic profiles of planar nanostructures. The non-destructive nature of this metrology technique makes it highly versatile and particularly suitable for studying various types of samples. Moreover, it eliminates the need for additional sample preparation before use and can achieve sub-nanometre reconstruction resolution using widely available laboratory setups, as demonstrated on a diffractometer equipped with a microfocus X-ray tube with a copper anode.
From trial to triumph! A longitudinal design eliciting social impact perspective for sustained usage of gamified fitness apps
Authors: Singh Pratibha , Malik Garima
Published: August 2024

Purpose

As fitness apps have integrated gamification elements into their design to transform exercise into a compelling and competitive experience, this study draws on the expectation confirmation model (ECM) and self-determination theory (SDT) to propose a comprehensive framework for sustained usage by satisfying the psychological needs of users.

Design/methodology/approach

A longitudinal study design is utilized where data from 598 fitness app users were gathered over two distinct phases separated by 24 weeks, where data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings until phase 1 depict that motivational affordances significantly affect mastery, autonomy and relatedness, which in turn exert a significant influence on flow. Identification and compliance have a more pronounced effect in phase 2 compared to stage 1 of the analysis.

Research limitations/implications

Individuals are more prone to being swayed by fellow members of their social group who share an affiliation with fitness apps, leading them to sustain their usage of fitness apps. These insights can potentially guide app developers and marketers in formulating strategies based on modifiable factors to foster sustained growth for gamified fitness apps.

Originality/value

This study takes a novel stance by employing social impact theory (SIT) in a longitudinal setting to reveal how users react to identification and compliance effects during initial and post-adoption usage of gamified fitness apps.
Estimating and forecasting bitcoin daily prices using ARIMA-GARCH models
Authors: Phung Duy Quang , Nguyen Thi Oanh , Le Thi Phuong Hao , Pham Hoang Hai Duong , Luong Khanh Linh , Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The goal of the study is to offer important insights into the dynamics of the cryptocurrency market by analyzing pricing data for Bitcoin. Using quantitative analytic methods, the study makes use of a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model and an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). The study looks at how predictable Bitcoin price swings and market volatility will be between 2021 and 2023.

Design/methodology/approach

The data used in this study are the daily closing prices of Bitcoin from Jan 17th, 2021 to Dec 17th, 2023, which corresponds to a total of 1065 observations. The estimation process is run using 3 years of data (2021–2023), while the remaining (Jan 1st 2024 to Jan 17th 2024) is used for forecasting. The ARIMA-GARCH method is a robust framework for forecasting time series data with non-seasonal components. The model was selected based on the Akaike Information Criteria corrected (AICc) minimum values and maximum log-likelihood. Model adequacy was checked using plots of residuals and the Ljung–Box test.

Findings

Using the Box–Jenkins method, various AR and MA lags were tested to determine the most optimal lags. ARIMA (12,1,12) is the most appropriate model obtained from the various models using AIC. As financial time series, such as Bitcoin returns, can be volatile, an attempt is made to model this volatility using GARCH (1,1).

Originality/value

The study used partially processed secondary data to fit for time series analysis using the ARIMA (12,1,12)-GARCH(1,1) model and hence reliable and conclusive results.
The dynamic interplay of knowledge management, innovation and learning capabilities in digital supply chain adoption: a mediation-moderation model
Authors: Hashem Gharib , Aboelmaged Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The rapid global changes we are witnessing pose a pressing challenge that necessitates reevaluating conventional supply chain practices. Consequently, the integration of digital technologies into supply chain operations, often referred to as digital supply chain (DSC), has emerged as a strategic shift that aims to empower organizations to proactively seize new opportunities rather than being caught off guard by unforeseen disruptions arising from economic volatility, global pandemics and regional conflicts. Thus, this study embraces a knowledge-centric approach to explore the direct and indirect impact of knowledge management, innovation and learning capabilities on DSC adoption in an emerging economy context. Furthermore, it aims to shed light on the moderating role of environmental dynamism in this intricate interplay.

Design/methodology/approach

Employing a cross-sectional survey, the research data were collected from 354 managers representing Egyptian manufacturing and service firms utilizing a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings

The results unveiled that knowledge management capability (KMC) has the highest path coefficient value among all endogenous variables. It accounts for a significant portion of the variance in innovation and learning capabilities, which play pivotal roles in adopting DSC. Notably, learning capability appears to exert a more powerful influence on DSC adoption than innovation capability through direct and mediating effects. Furthermore, the findings underscore the moderating effect of environmental dynamism on the relationship between learning capability and DSC adoption. However, this moderating role is not observed in the link between innovation capability and DSC adoption.

Practical implications

There is a growing trend among firms to adopt DSC in response to significant environmental shifts. This study offers valuable insights for managers and policymakers, providing them with a deeper understanding of the DSC adoption process. The study’s findings assist in identifying crucial factors that boost DSC adoption and offer guidance on successfully leveraging digital technologies for managing supply chain practices. Moreover, the study offers stimulating directions for future DSC research directions.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the existing literature by expanding our understanding of the adoption of DSC by utilizing knowledge, innovation and learning capabilities within the context of emerging economies.
Smart technologies for retailing: who, what, where and why
Authors: Vadruccio Roberta , Seghezzi Arianna , Tumino Angela
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The retail landscape is dramatically changing due to a series of socio-economic and technological challenges, which can be faced through the adoption of smart technologies. Accordingly, a significant number of publications in this field have been produced, albeit with fragmented results. Therefore, this paper aims at both providing a clear and organised overview of the main smart technologies for physical retailing, in terms of application fields and expected impact, while identifying the major shortcomings and future research avenues.

Design/methodology/approach

The research conducts a systematic review of the literature concerning the assimilation of smart technologies within physical retail environments, resulting in the analysis of 103 papers published from 2005 to 2023. The review highlights (1) the main smart technologies employed in retail stores, (2) their application area and (3) the beneficiaries of their adoption. Accordingly, these three aspects are initially assessed independently and then examined in combination.

Findings

The analysis presents a comprehensive list of 16 key technologies (what) that can support a wide range of processes, spanning from back-end functions to front-end activities, also enabling the connection with online channels (where), catering several and different benefits (why) to both customers and retailers (who). Besides, the research points out many uncovered topics that could be addressed by the academic community.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the review is the first one in the literature offering a thorough and organised overview of the different available technologies for in-store application and their impact on physical retail processes.
Transparency requirements after the pandemic: traceability information, information usefulness and trust
Authors: Lam Tri
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The flagship traceability technology is increasing transparency, social benefit and economic value particularly after the pandemic. There has not been much research on how information quality in transparency affects information usefulness and trust. The research model is built on the framework of transparency requirements and incorporates the usefulness of traceability information and trust.

Design/methodology/approach

Questionnaire survey was used for data collection. To evaluate the research model, structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed. Measurement invariance analysis was used to investigate variations in trust between groups.

Findings

The results show that transparency requirements including information relevancy, ease of manipulation and value-added information affect information usefulness. The usefulness of traceability information positively affects trust in producers. Information receivers who believe in the credibility of traceability information have a higher level of trust than those who do not.

Originality/value

The results have important theoretical and practical implications for academia and industry to devise strategies and policies on data-centric traceability systems.
Unbraiding the effect of policy benefits on subjective well-being: the mediating role of work-related well-being
Authors: Singh Sushmita
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This piece of research attempts to find out the association between work-related well-being (WWB), benefits of scheme (BoS) and subjective well-being (SWB). The study was conducted on handloom weavers in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India.

Design/methodology/approach

The association among the variables was studied using structural equation modeling on Amos 22. The tripartite relationship of WWB, BoS and SWB was explored using causal steps approach. Bootstrapping of a sample size of 2,000 was performed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 403 weavers, and convenient sampling was done.

Findings

A direct link was found by the structural equation modeling (SEM) results between benefits of schemeBoS and SWB, which was reflected by a value of rˆ2 (0.33) at significance level p < 0.001. The standardized indirect effect of BoS on SWB was found to be 0.158 (p < 0.001). In the presence of WWB, the relationship between BoS and SWB (direct effect) stands significant, thus making this a case of partial mediation. The value of Rˆ2 is increased to 48.1% in presence of a mediating variable.

Research limitations/implications

The study indicated the importance of WWB and how it can enhance SWB.

Originality/value

The relationship between SWB, WWB and policy benefits has still not been explored.
Hedonic consumption of virtual rides entertainment service: a multi-method perspective: SEM and fsQCA
Authors: Abbasi Amir Zaib , Mirza Farhan , Albashrawi Mousa , Ting Ding Hooi , Abbasi Ghazanfar Ali
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Prior studies have put much emphasis on using the uses and gratification (U&G) theory to find out why people use games, social media, the Internet, e-shopping, etc. Despite past research efforts, the root causes underlying this phenomenon still need to be discovered as to why people use interactive virtual rides (vrides) entertainment services, especially when incorporating the hedonic consumption perspective (i.e. playful-consumption experiences). Considering the knowledge gap in the vrides’ context, this study aims to use the UGT to find out why people use the vrides entertainment service from a hedonic consumption point of view.

Design/methodology/approach

With 217 usable responses, the research model was tested using partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

Findings

Findings reveal that only perceived enjoyment, arousal and sensory experience derive continuous intention behavior to consume vride entertainment service. Findings using the fsQCA revealed multiple causal configurations for the proposed outcome.

Originality/value

This study contributes to extending the assumption of UGT via incorporating the hedonic consumption perspective to explore the potential motives and intention to consume vrides entertainment services. Our study also discusses the important theoretical/practical implications of our findings. Besides, this study is unique because it shows both symmetrical and asymmetrical connections that help us understand why people keep using vrides entertainment service.
Integrating industry 4.0 in manufacturing: overcoming challenges and optimizing processes (case studies)
Authors: Fekrisari Mahsa , Kantola Jussi
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to identify potential barriers to Industry 4.0 adoption for manufacturers and examine the changes that must be made to production processes to implement Industry 4.0 successfully. It aims to develop technology by assisting with the successful implementation of Industry 4.0 in the manufacturing process by using smart system techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

Multiple case studies are used in this paper by using the smart system and Matlab, and semi-structured interviews are used to collect qualitative data.

Findings

Standardization, management support, skills, and costs have been cited as challenges for most businesses. Most businesses struggle with data interoperability. Complexity, information security, scalability, and network externalities provide challenges for some businesses. Environmental concerns are less likely to affect businesses with higher degrees of maturity. Additionally, it enables the Technical Director’s expertise to participate in the measurement using ambiguous input and output using language phrases. The outcomes of the numerous tests conducted on the approaches are extensively studied in the provided method.

Originality/value

In this research, a multiple-case study aims to carry out a thorough investigation of the issue in its actual setting.
Taxon‐specific response of natural enemies to different flower strip mixtures
Authors: Blümel Simon , Beule Lukas , Bissantz Nicolai , Kirchner Wolfgang H. , Haberlah‐Korr Verena
Published: August 2024

Flower strips are a prominent agri‐environmental scheme with the central objective to promote biodiversity and maintain associated ecosystem services. The promotion of natural enemies by increasing resource availability through flower strips is a promising approach for integrated pest management.

In a 3‐year field study, two annual and two perennial flower strip mixtures, as well as a grass mixture, were tested regarding their attractiveness for natural enemies at three different study sites in Germany. Natural enemies were sampled annually in nine sampling rounds at a 10‐day rhythm using sweep netting and pitfall traps. To assess available floral resources, we estimated the species‐specific flower cover and classified species into flower types.

Flower strip mixtures differed in their attractiveness to natural enemies. Treatment effects on arthropod activity density were most pronounced in the second and third year. Overall, perennial were more attractive than annual flower strip mixtures for most natural enemies, however, the response to flower strip mixtures varied significantly among taxa. For example, perennial flower strips showed a two‐ to fourfold increase of plant‐dwelling spider and parasitoid wasp activity density as well as higher numbers of juvenile stages of predatory bugs and rove beetles compared to annual flower strips. In contrast, annual flower strip mixtures showed the highest attractiveness for ground beetles. Moreover, different natural enemy taxa were associated with varying flower strip characteristics such as flower type proportion, herbivore availability and plant species richness.

Synthesis and applications. We found taxon‐specific responses of natural enemies to different flower strips, which provide guidance for the floral composition of flower strips in order to maximize their effectiveness for natural pest control. We suggest the use of perennial mixtures with high proportion of flower heads (Asteraceae) and disk flowers (esp. Apiaceae, Rubiaceae, Brassicaceae) in particular, but also flag blossoms (Fabaceae) as these flower types were positively associated with several natural enemy groups. However, since we found mixed responses to flower types, specific flower strip composition will ultimately depends on its objective.
Reforming Physician Licensure in the United States to Improve Access to Telehealth: State, Regional, and Federal Initiatives
Authors: JOLIN JAMES RENÉ , RICHMAN BARAK , MEHROTRA ATEEV , SHACHAR CARMEL
Published: August 2024

Policy Points

The reinstitution of pre–COVID‐19 pandemic licensure regulations has impeded interstate telehealth. This has disproportionately impacted patients who live near a state border; geographically mobile patients, such as college students; and patients with rare diseases who may need care from a specialist outside their state.

Several promising and feasible reforms are available, at both state and federal levels, to facilitate interstate telehealth. For example, states can offer exemptions to licensure requirements for certain types of telehealth such as follow‐up care or create licensure registries that impose little reduced paperwork and fees on physicians. On the federal level, congressional interventions that mimic the Department of Veterans Affairs Maintaining Internal Systems and Strengthening Integrated Outside Networks (VA MISSION) Act of 2018 can waive provider licensing and geographic restrictions to telehealth within certain federal programs such as Medicare.

Any discussion of medical licensure reform, however, must also consider the current political climate, one in which states are taking divergent stances on sensitive topics such as reproductive care, gender‐affirming care, and substance use treatments.
Influence of impaired glucose tolerance alone and combined with metabolic syndrome on long‐term risk of cardiovascular events and mortality
Authors: Chen Fei , He Yifan , Wang Jinping , Yu Liping , Gong Qiuhong , Chen Yanyan , An Yali , He Siyao , Li Guangwei , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2024

Background

This study aimed to investigate the potential differences in the influence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) on cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality.

Methods

Participants having IGT with MetS (IGT_MetS), those having IGT without MetS (IGT_non_MetS), and those having normal glucose tolerance (NGT) without MetS (NGT_non_MetS) (N = 246, N = 294, and N = 471, respectively) were included in this study. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the relationship among these three groups and CV events and mortality.

Results

Over the 30‐year follow‐up period, 57 (12.1%) participants having NGT_non_MetS, 55 (18.71%) with IGT_non_MetS, and 74 (30.08%) with IGT_MetS experienced CV mortality. After adjusting for risk factors, the hazard ratios for CV mortality were 2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–2.91) for the IGT_non_MetS group and 2.96 (95% CI, 2.09–4.19) for the IGT_MetS group, compared with the NGT_non_MetS group. Similar patterns were observed for CV events, with hazard ratios of 1.49 (95% CI, 1.19–1.88) for the IGT_non_MetS group and 1.97 (95% CI, 1.58–2.47) for the IGT_MetS group. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the hazard ratios of the IGT_non_MetS and IGT_MetS groups indicated a higher risk of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction events or myocardial infarction mortality, and stroke events or stroke mortality compared with that of the NGT_non_MetS group.

Conclusion

IGT_non_MetS increased the risk of CV mortality and events. Furthermore, when it occurred in conjunction with MetS, it further increased the risk of CV mortality and events. This suggested that active intervention is required.

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Global, regional, and national drowning trends from 1990 to 2021: Results from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Zhu Weimin , He Xiaxia , San Renfei , Chen Nanjin , Han Tingfen , Zhang Sheng , Xu Yubin , Jin Shengwei , Xu Yinghe , Jiang Yongpo
Published: August 2024

Background

Drowning is a preventable public health concern that burdens emergency care systems globally. This study comprehensively evaluated fatal drowning patterns across population, time, and geography from 1990 to 2021 to inform effective prevention strategies.

Methods

Using the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study framework and standardized estimation methods, the study analyzed global and regional drowning burden in terms of mortality, incidence, and disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs), based on population registry data and drowning‐related epidemiological covariates.

Results

Global drowning incidents decreased by 33.67% from 1990 to 2021. The drowning incidence rate and mortality rate declined from 24.20 and 9.68 per 100,000 in 1990 to 10.85 and 3.48 per 100,000 in 2021, respectively. Years of life lost and DALYs rates due to drowning also decreased significantly, from 715.80 and 718.69 per 100,000 in 1990 to 197.64 and 198.92 per 100,000 in 2021. Regionally, East Asia had the highest drowning mortality (27.15% of global deaths), while the high‐income Asia Pacific region experienced the highest incidence rate (21.38 per 100,000). South Asia had the greatest number of drowning deaths (75,639). Tropical Latin America showed the largest incidence decline, while high‐income Asia Pacific exhibited increasing trends. Drowning disproportionately affected children under 5 and the elderly in most regions.

Conclusions

While global drowning rates have declined, progress varies across regions. To improve prevention, focus should target low‐income/middle‐income countries and vulnerable populations like children and the elderly. Increased investment in safety education and rescue resources is vital to address their disproportionate risks.
Recovery from alcohol use disorder: Reinforcer pathology theory, measurement, and methods
Authors: Bickel Warren K. , Witkiewitz Katie , Athamneh Liqa N. , Kuhlemeier Alena
Published: August 2024

Recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a dynamic process that often entails periods of drinking but has been defined primarily by abstinence. Recently, a broader interpretation of recovery was developed, including meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) remission criteria and improved psychosocial functioning. This new understanding of recovery has facilitated the development of novel theories and methodologies. This paper reviews a new theoretical perspective of recovery, Reinforcer Pathology, and two novel methodological approaches in light of this broader view of recovery. Using this theoretical framework as a foundation, we propose an alternative perspective to explain the recovery process as it relates to environmental factors and valuation of the future; we suggest that changing the environment in which substances are available (e.g., increasing non‐alcohol‐related activities) and extending one's temporal window are associated with improved recovery outcomes (e.g., remission and quality of life). In this review, we discuss two novel methodological approaches. The first uses latent profile analysis to show that using a measure of Relative Reinforcement Value of Alcohol‐Free Activities is associated with a greater likelihood of belonging to a high functioning/infrequent heavy drinking recovery profile. The second developed an online national sample and used an accelerated longitudinal design to study longer‐term recovery of up to 12 years over a 5‐year study period. Reinforcer Pathology theory, novel methods, and measures may further our understanding of recovery and begin to address critical questions for future studies. Subsequent randomized clinical trials should examine whether the suggested targets and interventions based on the theoretical model improve recovery outcomes prospectively. Measuring and promoting alcohol‐free activity engagement may facilitate improved recovery outcomes, while novel methodologies permit an understanding of returning to use or remission across different recovery durations.
The financial resource curse: Interest rate deregulation and firms' shadow banking activities
Authors: Xu Si , Wang Zhiyuan , Cao Chunfang
Published: August 2024

By exploiting China's 2013 interest rate deregulation, we analyse whether the financial resource curse exists. The results show that after the deregulation, low‐risk firms with more credit resources engage in more shadow banking activities, which preliminarily confirms the existence of the financial resource curse. Moreover, this effect is pronounced in firms located in regions with high credit marketisation and firms with bank connections. However, this effect is weakened in firms with strong internal governance and external supervision, and SOEs. Finally, additional analyses reveal that active participation in shadow banking activities hinders low‐risk firms' long‐term growth, and receives unfavourable market feedback.
The ultrastructure of peroxisomes in the kidney of the camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Eissa Lemiaa , Elhassan Mortada M. O. , Ismail Haider I. , Ali Hassan A.
Published: August 2024

Dromedary camels can survive and reproduce in desert areas. The unique anatomical structure of the kidney enables the camel to prevent water loss. The present study aimed to investigate the ultrastructure of the peroxisomes in the normal kidney of the adult dromedary camel. Tissue samples were taken from the cortex and outer medulla of the kidney of eight camels. The samples were then processed for histological and ultrastructural investigations. The epithelial cells of the proximal tubules displayed peroxisomes with varying sizes and shapes. The peroxisomes were observed in either dispersed or clustered arrangement. Each peroxisome exhibited a homogenous matrix enveloped by a single membrane. Several peroxisomes exhibited one or more dark marginal plates that were always strongly associated with the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The intensity of the peroxisomal matrix differed significantly, either within the same cell or across different cells. The intensity was light or dark, with a few peroxisomes presenting a similar intensity to that of the mitochondria. Some peroxisomes contained nucleoids within their matrix. The peroxisomes in the first and second sections of proximal convoluted tubules were scattered and primarily located in the region between the microvilli and the underlying mitochondria. The peroxisomes in the third region were abundant and frequently aggregated in clusters throughout the cytoplasm. In the fourth region, the number of peroxisomes was low. The proximal straight tubule had a limited quantity of peroxisomes. In conclusion, peroxisomes in the proximal tubule in kidney of normal dromedary camel were similar in shape and size to other mammals; however, heterogeneity exists as a result of differences in species‐specific peroxisomal proteins. Peroxisomes are suggested to be a major source of metabolic energy and act as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavengers, resulting in the release of water and oxygen.