bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Coupled and Coodinated Development of Tourism-Economy-Ecological Environment in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River
Authors: Luo Xiao Jun , Luo Li , wang lin
Published: September 2024

The article takes five counties, Songpan County, Heishui County, Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County in the upper Minjiang River region, as the research object, and measures the related tourism-economy-ecological environment system data of the five counties from 2010 to 2022, and quantifies and analyses the comprehensive effect and the degree of coordination of the coupling by applying entropy and coupling coordination model. The spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the coordinated development of the systems in different counties were analysed to provide theoretical references for the high-quality development of the tourism-economy-ecological environment system in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River. On this basis, Arc GIS software was used to further explore the temporal change characteristics and spatial differences of coordinated development in different counties. The results show that (1) the state of coordinated development of tourism-economy-ecological environment in the five counties in the upper Minjiang River region is at a low level type. All five counties' coupled coordination scores are below 0.3, and all of them are still in the state of serious or moderate dislocation. (2) The development of tourism-economy-ecology-environment coupling degree of coordination of the five counties in the upper reaches of Minjiang River is in a fluctuating upward trend, in which the development of the tourism-economy system maintains a rapid development and the ecological-environmental system is relatively lagging behind. (3) The evolution path of tourism-economy-ecological environment coordination in the five counties upstream of the Minjiang River is a gradual leaping path pattern, which can be divided into three specific cases. These include: maintaining the "severe disorder" path, the "extreme disorder - severe disorder" path, and the "severe disorder - moderate disorder" path. (4) From the results of the internal coupling and coordination analysis, Songpan County and Heishui County belong to the tourism super-advanced type, while Mao County, Li County and Wenchuan County belong to the economic super-advanced type. The scores of the ecological environment system of the five counties are seriously lagging behind the tourism system and economic system, and the ecological environment is facing severe pressure. Finally, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the tourism-economy-ecological environment system in the five counties of the upper Minjiang River are presented, and strategies are proposed to improve the system.
Improving the Efficiency and Reliability of India's Power Grid through Targeted EHV Transmission Line Investments: A Case of UPPCL
Authors: Shrivastava Sharika , Srivast Vijai Kumar , Khalid Saifullah , Khan Irfan Ahmad , Nishad D. K.
Published: September 2024

Indian power system grid efficiency and reliability require techno-economic upgradation of Extra High Voltage (EHV) transmission lines. Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited optimized the insulating design of its 400 kV transmission network, and this article analyses the benefits and problems. By decreasing insulation specifications from 27 disc insulators to 21 and live metal clearance from 2600mm to 2400mm, UPPCL might save 7–9% per line and minimize the right of way. Over five years, the initial test line has operated satisfactorily, proving the technical viability of optimization. However, operational experience with longer lines highlighted practical issues such as insulator quality, bird activity, and design margins. This emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that maximizes cost and instills reliability and safety, especially in poor weather-tripping scenarios. Based on UPPCL experience, the study recommends conservative settings, stringent quality control, and regular insulator cleaning to dissuade bird perching. Joint efforts should target research and validation. The case study of UPPCL shows how India's power system will gain from EHV transmission line optimisation in prices, reliability, and ecology. The report also discusses the large-scale adoption of optimized parameters and their impact on the national power grid.
Evaluation of the risk factors for postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in cystic lung disease
Authors: Tainaka Takahisa
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To analyze the frequency and predictive factors of the development of postoperative pectus excavatum and scoliosis in children who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease.
Methods
This study examined patients who underwent surgery for cystic lung disease (open and thoracoscopic) between July 2000 and December 2018 with a > 3-year follow-up period. Lesion size, surgical outcomes, and subsequent musculoskeletal complications were compared between the open surgery and thoracoscopic surgery groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictive factors.
Results
Overall, 90 patients (19 and 71 patients in the open and thoracoscopic groups, respectively) were included in this study. There was no significant difference in the incidence of pectus excavatum or scoliosis between open and thoracoscopic surgery; however, Haller’s index and Cobb angle were significantly higher in the open surgery group. In the univariate analysis, neonatal surgery and lesion size were substantial predictors of musculoskeletal malformations.
Conclusion
Postoperative musculoskeletal deformities emerge after surgical treatment for cystic lung disease, with thoracoscopic surgery showing advantages in selected dimensions. Neonatal surgery and lesion size are pivotal prognostic factors for musculoskeletal complications. Further corroborative multicenter studies are imperative to substantiate these findings and foster enhanced patient outcomes.
Removal of iron and manganese from acidic aqueous solution by pyrite and pyrite-calcium sulfite
Authors: ZHANG XU , WANG YAJING , Nima Gesang , Wang Ziqian , Huang Caifeng
Published: September 2024

Pyrite and calcium sulfite were used to remove iron and manganese from an acidic aqueous solution. The concentration of Fe was decreased to be smaller than 0.05 g/L in 60 min when pyrite and air were added into the acidic aqueous solution, but the concentration of Mn in the solution remained unchanged. After the process of iron removal, calcium sulfite and air were used to remove manganese ions from the solution, and the efficiency of manganese ion removal was larger than 75% in 240 min (with less than 0.05 g/L Fe and 0.5 g/L Mn in the solution). Meanwhile, experiments were conducted to simultaneously remove iron and manganese from artificially simulated acidic leaching solution of laterite nickel ore. When the proposed method was used to purify the leaching solution of laterite nickel ore, Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions were effectively removed from the acidic solution, and the recovery efficiency of nickel and cobalt was greater than 98%.
Investigation of FeNi thin film properties related to Fe:Ni ratio in solution
Authors: Białostocka Anna Maria , Klekotka Marcin , Klekotka Urszula , Kalska-Szostko Beata
Published: September 2024

The iron-nickel coatings were deposited on the two metallic substrates (Cu, CuZn) from a mixture of iron and nickel salts and in a uniform external magnetic field (EMF). The films were electrodeposited using the exact value of an electric current density and the time conditions. The EMF orientation and the electrochemical bath composition (molar ratio of Fe:Ni) were changeable 1:1 or 1:2, respectively. Examined plating presents a variety of surface morphologies and compositions depending on the applied substrates and the presence or absence of the EMF. The films' surface morphology and thickness were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The average composition of all FeNi films was measured using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The crystallographic analysis of the deposits was carried out using X-ray diffraction. Tribo-mechanical properties (roughness, microhardness, friction coefficient) were registered using a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) and SEM. The observed results show a variation in the surface morphology and the alloy composition due to the coupling between the electrolyte composition (Fe:Ni ratio) and the presence or absence of EMF. The tribological parameters (Ssk, Sku, COF) also depend on the electrolyte composition.
The Utility of Cologuard ® for CRC Screening After a Normal Colonoscopy
Authors: Rao Abhinav K. , Kalra Shivam , Leer-Greenberg Brett Van , Rockey Don C.
Published: September 2024

Background
Multitarget stool DNA (MT-sDNA) tests (here, Cologuard®) are currently used in average-risk patients as a primary method of screening for colorectal cancer. However, MT-sDNA testing has also been used in patients who previously underwent colonoscopy who wish to avoid repeat colonoscopy. Here, in a large primary care practice setting, our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MT-sDNA testing in patients with a previously normal colonoscopy.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 5,827 patients from 35 different primary locations in South Carolina. Patients aged 45 and above with a previously documented normal, high quality colonoscopy prior to MT-sDNA test date were included. High-risk patients and those with a previous negative MT-sDNA result were excluded.
Results
Of 5,827 ordered MT-sDNA tests, 248 patients had a prior normal colonoscopy. The average time from initial colonoscopy to MT-sDNA testing was 7.3 years. Of the 63 patients who had a positive MT-sDNA test, 41 patients (65%) completed follow-up colonoscopy and 40 patients had complete colonoscopy data. Of these 40 patients, 12 patients (30%) had advanced adenomas and none had colorectal cancer. Compared to patients without a previous colonoscopy, patients with prior colonoscopies had fewer adenomas of all types (1.6 vs 2.4) and fewer advanced adenomas (1.4 vs 2.0).
Conclusion
Patients with a previously negative colonoscopy and subsequent positive MT-sDNA test were found to have a high rate of advanced adenomas on follow-up colonoscopy (30%). Thus, in patients with a previously negative colonoscopy, MT-sDNA testing may be a potential option for surveillance.
Manufacturing Antibacterial Ti-6Al-4V Alloys by Using NanoAg Particles Synthesized by Reduction Method for Biomedical Applications
Authors: ATAY Gül YILMAZ , USLU Gülşah , Borras Vicente Amigo
Published: September 2024

Titanium alloys are among the widely used biomedical materials due to their biocompatibility and mechanical performance. It is an indisputable fact that the materials used in this area must be antibacterial. Therefore, in this study, the production of antibacterial Titanium alloys using NanoAg particles for use in biomedical applications was investigated. First, Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys were produced by the powder metallurgy method, which includes blending, pressing and sintering processes. Nano silver particles were synthesized by a chemical reduction method using silver nitrate and glucose. The resulting solution was subjected to Ag + ions and glucose determinations, pH and turbidity analysis. Nano Ag application was carried out by two different methods; dipping and coating method. The obtained samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. Additionally, as the main purpose of this study, antibacterial analysis against Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus was performed by percentage reduction test. While the coating method was seen to be more successful in antibacterial tests, the overall Nano Ag application performance was found to be higher against Escherichia Coli bacteria.
Differential associations of physical activity and exercise to physical fitness
Authors: Lo Kai-Yang , Hsu Hsiu-Fan , Yeh Yen-Po , Luh Dih-Ling
Published: September 2024

Physical activity (PA) and exercise behavior are important strategies and assessment indicators for health promotion. However, past studies have measured PA and exercise differently, leading to inconsistent and difficult-to-compare results regarding their association with health. To elucidate the relationship between the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and self-reported exercise behavior and their association with health outcomes, this study aims to determine which approach reflects more health benefits. This study used the 2020 Changhua Community-Based Integrated Screening database and included individuals aged 40–64 who participated in both physical fitness tests and GPAQ surveys. A total of 1,631 individuals were included as analysis samples. Exercise behaviors are classified into never, irregular and regular based on the lifestyle records in the screening database. Furthermore, metabolic equivalents were computed using the GPAQ questionnaire, and PA was classified into two groups using a cut-off point of 600. Logistic regression was performed using SAS version 9.4. Our findings revealed that individuals who did not engage in exercise demonstrated lower flexibility, while those who exercised regularly but had low PA-METs showed poor muscular endurance. Additionally, individuals who did not exercise and had low PA-METs exhibited poor cardiorespiratory endurance. Our study revealed diverse connections between PA, exercise, and physical fitness. When promoting PA, it is suggested to exclude work-related PA and prioritize purposeful PA with adequate intensity, duration, and regularity to maximize the benefits for physical fitness.
Coagulation activity of Chitin Binding Protein to the Turbid Pond Water from Garden Candytuft Seeds
Authors: Shehzadi Ulfat , Rehman Afeefa , Khaliq Binish , Shah Anis Ali , Iftikhar Muhammad , Akrem Ahmed , Shahzadi Bismillah , Shaffique Shifa , Gatasheh Mansour K.
Published: September 2024

In advanced nations, reservoir water is frequently utilized for consumption or domestic use, and its turbidity is higher during wet seasons. It requires many artificial coagulants, which increases the cost of therapy. Finding natural alternatives, particularly those derived from plants, has become more relevant because of the negative health and environmental implications of traditional synthetic substances used in water clarification. In this study, a natural coagulant protein called chitin binding protein (CBP) purified from the seeds of Iberis umbellata L. was utilized to treat water and remove turbidity. To increase the effectiveness of turbidity removal, this study focuses on the extraction, isolation, and purification of natural coagulants from the seeds of I. umbellata L. At pH 7, the maximum turbidity reduction effectiveness was attained. The molecular weight of CBP was approximately 14 kDa, as revealed by SDS-PAGE and purified by spin column chromatography. The CBP of I. umbellata showed coagulation activity against synthetic clay solution and pond water. The coagulation results showed that CBP was 87% and Moringra extract showed 89% activity against the synthetic clay solution after 120 min. CBP from I. umbellata showed 83% and Mo extract 82% coagulation activity against the pond water. CBP from I. umbellata may be a viable natural coagulant for water treatment based on its coagulation performance against severely murky pond water.
Transmission line insulator condition detection based on improved lightweight YOLOv8n algorithm
Authors: Li Shenwang , Wang Minjie , Zhou Yuyang , Su Qiuren , Guo Pinghui , Wu Thomas
Published: September 2024

Insulator stability plays an important role in ensuring the stability of transmission lines. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, deep learning is increasingly used in transmission line detection. At present, many insulator operation state detection models inevitably have problems such as large number of network parameters, slow transmission image speed and large network computation. In order to solve the problem of insulator fault detection difficulty in complex background, this paper proposes a lightweight insulator fault detection algorithm with improved YOLOv8n. In this paper, a new C2f-DWR-DRB module is designed to replace the C2f module in the original backbone network, which achieves the specific task of selecting the appropriate convolutional kernel size to extract feature information. And the SegNeXt Attention Mechanism module is added at the bottom of the backbone network to prevent the network from extracting redundant low-level information during the first stage of information extraction. Auxiliary detection header DetectAux are also added in the middle of the network, which can extract the missed features of different scales and improve the generalization ability of the network. Finally, the computational complexity of the network is also greatly reduced by the knowledge distillation operation, which improves the FPS(Frames Per Second) value. The experimental results show that, compared to the original YOLOv8n network, the improved model proposed in this paper increases the mAP(Mean Average Precision) value from 88.2–91.6%.The number of parameters is only 77% of the original. At the same time, the FPS of the network decreased by only 12.0% compared to the original YOLOv8n network, and the goal of real-time detection can still be achieved.
Association between the incidence of infusion-related reactions by obinutuzumab and the dose of corticosteroid as premedication: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ohtsubo Tatsuya , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Matumoto Saori , Ito Kaori , Sasa Yuzuka , Tomishima Kosuke , Dote Satoshi , Makihara Katuya , Wakasugi Yoshinori , Mitsuie Tsutomu , Yamagiwa Kouhei , Sato Kazuo , Hasegawa Hiroki , Uoshima Nobuhiko , Kitahiro Yumi , Tomogane Kanji
Published: September 2024

Background
Premedication with corticosteroids is recommended for prophylaxis against infusion-related reactions (IRRs) caused by obinutuzumab despite a lack of solid evidence regarding the dose of corticosteroids.
Methods
We investigated the incidence of IRRs in the high-dose (patients who received 100 mg or higher of prednisolone, 80 mg or higher of methylprednisolone, or 16.5 mg or higher of dexamethasone) and low-dose (patients who received a dose lower than that in those groups or those who take hydrocortisone) corticosteroid groups.
Results
The incidence of IRRs in the high-dose and low-dose corticosteroid groups at the initial administration of obinutuzumab was 27.0% (41/152) and 48.4% (31/64), respectively, indicating that the high-dose group had a lower incidence of IRRs (p = 0.002). The incidence of IRRs at the initial administration of obinutuzumab was significantly associated with the administration of first-generation histamine 1 receptor antagonist (odds ratio = 3.70, 95% confidence interval: 1.47–9.28; reference: second-generation histamine 1 receptor antagonist), hydrocortisone (odds ratio = 6.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.53–27.46; reference: dexamethasone), and methylprednisolone (odds ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval:1.10–12.16; reference: dexamethasone), although no association was found with the lower dose of corticosteroids.
Conclusions
Higher doses of corticosteroids as premedication can reduce the incidence of IRRs by obinutuzumab than lower doses. Dexamethasone may be a better choice for IRRs prophylaxis rather than hydrocortisone or methylprednisolone, and second-generation histamine 1 receptor antagonists may be a better choice rather than first-generation drugs.
A Dynamic Intrusion Detection System through Attention Self Supervised Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: A NAZREEN BANU , SKB.Sangeetha
Published: September 2024

Cyber-attacks are becoming common in linked environments these days, which means that any devices, no matter how big or tiny, are vulnerable to them. In order to proactively anticipate and mitigate network threats, it becomes imperative to design Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) for these interconnected environments. As such, a number of cutting-edge projects concentrate on developing IDS models by applying Deep Learning (DL) techniques. This change is a result of the shortcomings of traditional models, which primarily provide static IDS systems and underline the need for more sophisticated and dynamic IDS systems. With this goal in mind, we create the Parallel Attention Self Supervised based Convolution Neural Network (PASS-CNN), a brand-new self-supervised dynamic IDS model. Three sequential processes make up the designed self-supervised IDS model: feature extraction and dynamic aggregation, data pre-processing, and dynamic IDS. First, the traffic that is obtained from the network is pre-processed in terms of data normalisation, data smoothing, and data encoding, in that order. After the traffic has been pre-processed, it is made available for feature extraction using the CIC-flow metre tool. To decrease complexity and scalability, the collected features are then dynamically aggregated by creating dynamic aggregation rules using the Multi Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL) algorithm. In order to effectively detect intrusions, the characteristics are finally controlled to the suggested PASS-CNN model, which is made up of encoder, decoder, and parallel attention modules. Using benchmark datasets like the UNSW-NB15 and CICIDS-2017 datasets, respectively, the efficacy of the proposed model is compared to several other IDS models in terms of assessment metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and false positive rates. The evaluation's findings demonstrate that the suggested results outperform the current ones.
Cryptosporidium parvum inactivation from short durations of treatment with ozonated water produced by an electrolytic generation system
Authors: Matsubayashi Makoto , Haraguchi Asako , Morisaki Manami , Ikadai Hiromi , Teramoto Isao , Kido Yasutoshi , Kaneko Akira
Published: September 2024

The parasite Cryptosporidium parvum is a common waterborne pathogen that causes diarrhea in vertebrates, including humans. The oocysts shed in the feces of their hosts are resistant to a wide range of disinfectants, and they can thus survive in the environment for a long time. Ozone (O3) is a powerful disinfectant due to its high oxidative characteristics, and it is used to inactivate microorganisms in drinking water and wastewater. As an alternative to the gas dissolution system for producing ozone from oxygen, a simpler electrolytic ozone generation system has recently been developed. In this system, ozone molecules (ozonated water) are more easily, safely, and directly generated in water by electrolysis. In the present study, we evaluated for the first time the efficacy of the ozonated water produced by this system in inactivating Cryptosporidium parasites. The disinfectant capabilities of ozonated water produced by this system at different current intensity (which change the ozone concentrations) and short exposure times (15–60 s) were assessed using two in vitro viability assays, i.e., 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and propidium iodide (PI) staining and excystation assays. The DAPI/PI staining assay results showed that treatment with ozonated water for 1 min inactivated 80% – 90% of the oocysts when the CT value [= concentration of ozone (mg/l) × time (min)] was more than 0.01 mg·min/l. However, these results were not reflected in the excystation assay results. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the oocysts were damaged by the ozone molecules, especially the oocyst walls, and it was found that the deformed oocysts (dead) and partially excysted oocysts (alive) could not be differentiated by the excystation assay. Thus, the excystation assay was found to be unsuitable for the evaluation of the inactivation efficacy of ozonated water produced by this system. Exposure to ozonated water produced with a low current intensity (0.3 A) for 15 and 120 s resulted in the inactivation of 96.8% (CT value: <0.003) and 99.5% (CT value: <0.020) of the oocysts, respectively. Thus, it was estimated that a CT value more than 0.020 was required to inactivate > 99% of the C. parvum oocysts. These results suggested that ozonated water produced by the electrolytic generation system might more effectively inactivate the parasites when compared to that produced by the previous ozone generation system (the gas dissolution system). Although further studies using additional approaches are needed to obtain more clear evidence, this system appears to have high potential for application in various situations and for other pathogenic organisms.
Low-cost 3D printed binocular indirect ophthalmoscope
Authors: Hwang Brian Taeju , Young Weston Charles , Campbell Charles , Shen Bailey Yuguan
Published: September 2024

Background Currently available binocular indirect ophthalmoscopes are large and expensive. We sought to create a compact, low-cost 3D printed binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (BIO).Methods The BIO was made with off-the-shelf electronics and optical components, computer-aided design and a consumer-grade 3D printer. Ocular light safety was tested with a spectrometer.Results The component cost of the 3D printed BIO was $182.26. The wireless, spectacle-style BIO weighed 120 grams and was smaller than commercially available BIO’s, with the advantage of a battery incorporated into the frame. The BIO met the International Organization for Standardization’s standards for indirect ophthalmoscopes, as well as the American National Standards Institute’s Group 1 light hazard protection standards for ophthalmic instruments.Conclusions It is possible to produce a high-quality, low-cost BIO using computer-aided design and 3D printing. Such a BIO may be useful in both resource-rich and resource-limited settings.
Unveiling the ethical boundaries of positive and negative creativity: the key role of openness to experience and Ethics positions
Authors: Giancola Marco , Piccardi Laura , D'Amico Simonetta , Nori Raffaella , Palmiero Massimiliano
Published: September 2024

Clarifying the mechanisms underlying individual differences in creativity is essential to understand the complex nature of this phenomenon. The current research, drawing on the Investment Theory of Creativity and the AMORAL model, investigated the mediating role of ethics positions (idealism and relativism) in the association between openness to experience and both positive (i.e., funny and irony) and negative creativity (i.e., grotesque and macabre). Two-hundred participants were instructed to fill in two self-report questionnaires, aimed to measure personality (HEXACO-60) and ethics positions (EPQ-5). They also were requested to provide creative captions to five different cartoons taken by the New Yorker, as requested in the cartoon caption task, which were evaluated by two independent judges in terms of positive (funny and ironic) and negative (grotesque and macabre) creativity. Results indicated that relativism mediated only the association between openness to experience and negative creativity, suggesting that ethics positions are partially involved in the creative generation. By investigating the complex relationship between openness to experience and ethics positions, the current study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms that lead people to creative expression, offering fruitful insights into the key role of the ethical dimension in human creativity. Implications, limitations, and future research avenues are discussed.
Optimizing the vascular signal suppression in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Authors: Yang Xiuli
Published: September 2024

Hemodynamic parameters offer a rich resource of physiological biomarkers for studying natural aging and various diseases. Blood signals are often suppressed or isolated according to the study purposes to focus on a certain aspect of hemodynamic properties. In the arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, vascular hyperintensities introduce significant quantitative bias to the regional comparisons. Velocity encoding module comprising a pair of bipolar gradients with equal first momenta is popularly applied to suppress these vascular signals. However, there is a lack of systematic investigation on how experimental conditions affect vascular signal suppression. Systematic studies involving a series of optimizations covering broad parametric ranges at fine resolutions will lead to prohibitively long scan time. Therefore, as an alternative, our current study utilizes simulations to explore the dependence of vascular suppression on the experimental conditions. We found that vascular suppression with >95% efficiency (i.e., <5% residual signals) could be achieved only when voxel sizes were sufficiently large to cover the whole vessel. The ratio between peak velocity and encoding velocity should be ≥2.976 in order to achieve ≥90% vascular signal suppression. If the flow pattern is a mixture of plug and laminar flows, ≥90% vascular signal suppression can be obtained when laminar flow occupies at least 50% of the total flow.
Optimization model for electric aircraft tow tractors considering operator coalition
Authors: Bao Dan-Wen , Zhou Jia-Yi , Kang Di , Chen Zhuo
Published: September 2024

Horizontal collaboration between operators can save traffic operation costs, a concept that has been particularly validated in the logistics field. Due to the increasing transportation demand and the introduction of charging times for electric vehicles, there is growing pressure on airport ground support services. This study introduces the concept of coalition to airport ground support services. Unlike most studies on horizontal collaboration, the scheduling for airport ground support services needs to particularly consider punctuality issues. In this study, we separately establish electric vehicle scheduling models for operator-separate and operator-cooperated modes and design an algorithm based on the concept of the Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search algorithm, aiming to obtain the electric vehicle scheduling plan with minimum cost and delay time. Furthermore, the study proposes a cost allocation method that considers the degree of sharing among operators to ensure the feasibility of coalition. Finally, we conducted numerical experiments based on actual airport operation data. The experiments verified the effectiveness of the algorithm and the cost allocation method. Compared to solvers, our algorithm can obtain feasible solutions in a shorter time while ensuring that the objective function gap is within 2%. Additionally, the improved cost allocation method is fairer compared to the traditional Shapley method. Numerical experiments also show that coalition can save 15-25% of airport operating costs and 26-39% of delay time, with savings varying based on the sharing parameters. Through quantitative analysis such as sensitivity analysis, the study provides insights into the variation patterns of overall and individual shared utilities and offers suggestions and decision-making mechanisms for the configuration and operation of airport ground operators.
Study Protocol of Short versus Long-term Levetiracetam in Brain Tumors (LIBRA): A Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dasgupta Archya , Mani Shakthivel , Chatterjee Abhishek , Kannan Sadhana , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Shetty Prakash , Singh Vikas , Menon Nandini , Sahu Arpita , Choudhary Amitkumar , Bhattacharya Kajari , Puranik Ameya , Dev Indraja , Epari Sridhar , Sahay Ayushi , Shah Aekta , Bano Nazia , Shaikh Farnaz , Gupta Tejpal
Published: September 2024

Background: Seizures are common in patients with brain tumors, impacting daily life and healthcare burden. In contemporary neuro-oncology practice, levetiracetam is the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED). Although the practice is widely variable, levetiracetam is usually used for 2-3 years following surgery as prophylaxis. However, the incidence of seizures post antitumoral treatment is relatively low, and the duration of prophylaxis is not well defined. To address this knowledge gap, the current randomized controlled non-inferiority trial will be conducted comparing a shorter regimen of levetiracetam with the standard long-term schedule.
Methods and Analysis: Patients with newly diagnosed primary brain tumors in the supratentorial compartment with a prior history of seizure will be eligible for the study. Adults ( >18 years), within 1 year from surgery, and controlled on levetiracetam monotherapy for 6 months will be randomized in 1:1 ratio to either standard arm (long course: additional 2 years levetiracetam) or experimental arm (short course: tapered of levetiracetam and stopped). Stratification factors include tumor location, seizure type, histology, grade, and adjuvant therapy. The primary endpoint is 2-year seizure-free survival (SFS); secondary endpoints include seizure impact, quality of life, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Assuming a 2-year SFS rate of 80%, a total of 431 patients (167 events) will be needed to prove the non-inferiority of the experimental arm (non-inferiority margin of 8%, α=0.05, power=80%). Considering an attrition rate of 40% (25% accounting for death and 15% lost to follow-up), the final sample size is 604.
Discussion: The trial will provide level 1 evidence on the optimal duration of AED use in primary brain tumors with history of seizures. If short-term AED use is non-inferior, it will reduce drug utilization, lower neurotoxicity, improve quality of life, and optimize resource usage.
Ethics and Dissemination: The trial has been approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai.
Registration: Registered with CTRI/2024/06/069498, Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT06442748
Assessing the Survival Benefit of Primary Tumor Treatment in Uveal Melanoma: A Re-analysis of COMS and NHS Cohorts
Authors: Witzenhausen Hans , Stålhammar Gustav
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To evaluate if there is a survival benefit of primary tumor treatment in uveal melanoma by comparing patients who declined treatment (Natural History Study, NHS) with those who received treatment in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) for medium-sized choroidal melanomas.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study using reverse-engineered survival data based on the original COMS publication.
Subjects:
A total of 1317 patients from the COMS cohort and 42 patients from the NHS cohort who declined treatment. Of the 42 NHS patients, 22 later opted for treatment after a mean delay of 1.4 years.
Methods/Intervention:
Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and survival distributions between the NHS and COMS cohorts were compared using the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test.
Main Outcome Measure:
Survival difference between the COMS and NHS cohorts, assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates of cumulative all-cause mortality.
Results:
After reverse-engineering the COMS and NHS cohorts and adjusting to reduce the risk of type I errors, we observed a hazard ratio for all-cause mortality of 1.72 (95% CI, 1.08–2.77) and an unadjusted risk ratio for death at 8 years of 1.48 (95% CI, 0.82–2.11). Both ratios were lower than those reported in the original publication, indicating a smaller survival difference. The reduction in the number of deaths in our reverse-engineered NHS cohort—18 compared to 19 in the original study—further supports the conservative nature of our approach. Nonetheless, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher cumulative proportion of deaths in the NHS cohort (Log-rank P=0.02), despite these patients having smaller tumors at baseline.
Conclusions:
Patients who declined treatment in the NHS cohort had significantly worse survival outcomes than those in the COMS cohort, supporting the hypothesis that primary tumor treatment confers a survival benefit in uveal melanoma.
Infiltrante Resinoso e suas Possibilidades: Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Mariana Souza , Silva Thaís Aparecida da , Bruzi Greciana
Published: September 2024

A crescente demanda por procedimentos odontológicos minimamente invasivos e esteticamente agradáveis, faz do infiltrante resinoso uma abordagem promissora para o tratamento de lesões cariosas incipientes e manchas brancas em esmalte não cavitadas. O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura é abordar o papel do infiltrante resinoso na Odontologia minimamente invasiva, destacando suas possibilidades e indicações clínicas bem como suas propriedades físico-químicas, técnicas de aplicação, durabilidade, estabilidade de cor e resultado estético. Este trabalho parte de uma revisão de literatura e fez uso de 29 artigos em inglês e espanhol dos últimos 11 anos para análise de um infiltrante resinoso-ICON como tratamento minimamente invasivo em lesões de mancha branca incipiente; mancha por fluorose; mancha hipoplásica e manchas por hipomineralização molar incisivo. Considerando a estabilização das lesões de mancha branca, o mascaramento da cor da lesão, a durabilidade e a estabilidade do infiltrante resinoso, os resultados clínicos obtidos com o seu uso são muito favoráveis, sendo a forma de uso recomendado pelo fabricante a que mais demonstrou aproveitamento integral do produto. Tais resultados são estáveis com o tempo, podendo melhorar a aparência da lesão infiltrada através do repolimento periódico. Entretanto, se faz necessário estudos a longo prazo para avaliar essas características. Dentro das limitações deste trabalho, os autores concluíram que o tratamento com infiltrante resinoso se sobressai a outras opções, como a microabrasão ou a aplicação de flúor, entretanto o custo elevado deste tratamento é hoje o maior empecilho para que esta opção seja mais difundida.
Astronomia Indígena: uma Proposta Didática para o Ensino de Ciências da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)
Authors: Freitas Nairys Costa de , Romeu Mairton Cavalcante , Barroso Maria Cleide da Silva
Published: September 2024

De acordo com a percepção humanista de Educação, a contextualização do Ensino de Ciências é primordial para uma aprendizagem significativa. Logo, é por meio da contextualização que o discente e o educador atribuem significado e relevância para os conhecimentos científicos. A Astronomia é considerada como um dos ramos da Ciência que está vinculada à várias áreas de conhecimento, bem como a sua importância na cultura, agricultura, mitos e tradições. Sendo assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta didática por intermédio da Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS), fazendo o uso da Astronomia Indígena para contextualizar o Ensino de Ciências na modalidade de ensino Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). As atividades propostas não foram aplicadas em sala de aula, limitando-se apenas a dar suporte como proposta, podendo ser adaptada de acordo com a realidade de cada escola. A proposta didática possui como documento norteador, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a EJA, especificamente no Ensino de Ciências. Levando em consideração a necessidade de utilizar as vivências, culturas e curiosidades do cotidiano dos estudantes, faz-se necessário propor meios de inclusão e divulgação científica para este público, possibilitando uma aprendizagem significativa, participativa e emancipatória.
Experience of Organizing Project Activities of Schoolchildren in the Field of “Information Technologies”.
Authors: Vishnyakov S. V. , Lazarev V. I. , Vishnyakova Y. N.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to analysis of the experience of organizing project work of schoolchildren in the field of information technologies on the basis of a higher educational institution.The peculiarities of the educational process organization, approaches to solving the problem of students’ motivation are considered. The principles of introducing relatively complex and science-intensive technologies into the projects of 10th grade students are discussed. Recommendations for organizing master classes and laboratory works with mastering the methods of image processing, steganography, machine learning are detailed. Emphasis is placed on the recycling of knowledge and skills acquired at school. Considerable attention is paid to visibility, comprehensibility of the results obtained, and the possibility of assessing the applicability of a particular method for solving the tasks of project activities. All works are carried out in such a way that pupils could start research with minimum effort for preparation and would be able to later transfer the learned tools to their individual projects. Much attention is paid to the methodology of project work, and special events are organized, such as pitch sessions of startups, designed to further motivate students, help them to organize their project work in a systematic way, and adjust the goals and objectives of their projects. Some results of the project work of schoolchildren in the field of information technologies during the 2023-2024 academic year on the basis of the National Research University “MPEI” are given.
Primeiro registro documentado de Sternula antillarum (Charadriiformes: Laridae) no estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil
Authors: Diego dos Anjos Souza  , Jordy Luiz Nascimento  , Guilherme Renzo Rocha Brito
Published: September 2024

Apresenta-se um novo registro documentado de ave para o estado de Santa Catarina, no município de Balneário Rincão. Sternula antillarum (Charadriiformes: Laridae) é distribuída ao longo das praias costeiras e dos principais rios interiores da América do Norte e inverna amplamente nas costas marinhas da América Central e do Sul, onde é conhecida uma colônia reprodutiva da espécie no Brasil. O registro foi feito em uma praia arenosa que tem uma saída de água de lagoas costeiras. Os detalhes do registro e a confirmação do ineditismo da espécie para a região foram obtidos de aves documentadas por meio da Ciência Cidadã, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O presente registro sugere uma provável parada em meio à migração de indivíduos que estão em deslocamento ao longo do litoral em direção ao Rio Grande do Sul.
Diversidade de artrópodes edáficos em área cultivada com café em sistema agroflorestal manejado sob os princípios da agricultura natural
Authors: Emmeline M. França  , Luiz F. M. Iniesta  , Antonio D. Brescovit  , Rodrigo S. Bouzan  , Flavio S. M.  Farias  , Emanuelle M. B. Soares
Published: September 2024

Artrópodes edáficos desempenham papel crucial como bioindicadores da qualidade do solo e da sustentabilidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar parâmetros ecológicos dos artrópodes edáficos das classes Chilopoda, Diplopoda e Arachnida (exceto Araneae) em diferentes usos/manejos do solo. Foram analisados espécimes das classes mencionadas, do solo, provenientes de três tipos de uso/manejo: café em sistema agroflorestal manejado sob os princípios da agricultura natural (SAFN), café cultivado em pleno sol convencional (PSC) e solo sob mata nativa (MN). Os espécimes foram coletados, identificados até o menor nível taxonômico possível e agrupados em morfoespécies para cálculos de riqueza, abundância, dominância e diversidade. Amostraram-se 149 indivíduos, com 22 morfoespécies identificadas. A maior riqueza foi observada no solo de MN (16 morfoespécies), seguida por SAFN (10) e pelo PSC (6). Diplopoda e Acari apresentaram maior riqueza (6 morfoespécies cada). Diplopoda foi mais abundante (98 espécimes), enquanto Acari foi o menos abundante (7 espécimes). Valores próximos de dominância e diversidade foram encontrados entre os usos da terra estudados, com uma tendência de similaridade faunística entre SAFN e PSC, porém não significativa. No entanto,diferentemente dos solos sob MN e SAFN, não foi observada a presença das morfoespécies de Opiliones e Acari em PSC.
Coleta Seletiva - Qual é o meu papel?
Authors:   Mestrado Profissional em Ciências Ambientais- Universidade de Vassouras, Costa Albuquerque Renata , Pereira Cristiane
Published: September 2024

Material didático - produto do mestrado da autora
Di-tert-butyl Peroxide (DTBP)-Promoted Heterocyclic Ring Construction
Authors: Varala Ravi , Kamsali Murali Mohan Achari , Seella Ramanaiah , Alam Mohammed Mujahid
Published: September 2024

Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) is one of the most widely used organic
peroxides in a variety of oxidative transformations. The main factors contributing
to the increasing use of DTBP are its affordability, minimal environmental impact,
great effectiveness, and capacity to substitute scarce or dangerous heavy
metal oxidants. We have reviewed critically and succinctly the noteworthy applications
of DTBP in heterocyclic ring constructions from 2014 onwards in this
decennial update. The main components of this evaluation are the pros and cons
of its use, the scope of a synthetic organic transformation, and mechanistic logistics.
A Pharmacological Overview and Recent Patent of Triazine Scaffold in Drug Development: A Review
Authors: Dubey Pragya , Pathak Dharam Pal , Chauhan Garima , Ali Faraat
Published: September 2024

:

The triazine moiety holds a special and very important position in the field of medicinal
chemistry owing to its enormous biological and pharmacological potential. Over eras, triazine
scaffolds have been investigated for synthesizing novel molecules that may be used for the
treatment of different types of pathological conditions, such as infections, cancer, inflammation
etc. A vast number of lead molecules have been established from the triazine moiety. The triazine
fused with numerous heterocyclic rings, such as pyrrole, benzimidazole, indole, imidazole, carbazole,
etc., have formed various bicyclic with pharmacological actions. The triazines display a
wide range of activities, and synthesizing various marketable medicines that hold triazine moiety
has made the attention of chemists worldwide grow over the years in the moiety. In this review
article, the commercially available compound containing triazine has been presented, and an
attempt has been made to collect the works reported, mostly in the past decade, by numerous
scientists, related to the structural differences amongst the triazine analogues giving antitumor,
and antimicrobial and other activities.

:

The objective of this review article was to outline the current information on triazines and their
derivatives with respect to their biological potential and various pharmacological activities.

:

The summary of this review article would be helpful and describe the function and activity of
the moiety to bring up-to-date the scientists working in the direction of designing and synthesising
novel lead molecules for the treatment of different types of disease with the current molecules
that have been synthesized from the triazine scaffold.
Anticipating Viral Challenges: A Perspective on Phytochemicals against Existing and Emerging Viruses
Authors: Sharma Sayan , Ghosh Puja , Kar Chirantan , Ghosh Rajgourab
Published: September 2024

Viral infections impact millions of individuals annually and in 2018, the WHO
called for global preparedness to address potential high-mortality pathogens, referred to as
"Pathogen X," which can include fungi, viruses, parasites, or prions. The constant evolution
of RNA viruses leads to continually changing variants, challenging the effectiveness of vaccines
and drugs. In underserved healthcare regions, plant-based phytochemicals offer promise
in combating viral diseases due to their ready availability, proven effectiveness, and low
toxicity. Amidst the evolving virus variants and recurring fatal outbreaks, especially in resource-
constrained regions, phytochemicals hold promise as potential anti-infective agents.
This review delves into plant-based antivirals, aiming to update plant-derived antiviral compounds'
status against existing and emerging viruses from 2019 to 2023. The study aimed
to identify active components from medicinal plants with IC50 and EC50 values against human-
infecting viruses. It utilized in vitro and in vivo methods to predict phytochemical
mechanisms and enhance bioavailability. Among the phytochemicals studied as antivirals,
Emodin, Quercetin, Myricetin, Resveratrol, and Silymarin demonstrated efficacy against
multiple viruses. Notably, certain plant compounds were effective against multiple viruses
and could serve as potential antiviral treatments. Overall, the review illustrates that harnessing
plant-derived compounds shows promise in combating current and evolving infectious
threats.