bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Aquatic Ecosystems (River Tua, Portugal) as Reservoirs of Multidrug-Resistant Aeromonas spp.
Authors: Gomes Sónia , Fernandes Conceição , Monteiro Sandra , Cabecinha Edna , Teixeira Amílcar , Varandas Simone , Saavedra Maria
Published: March 2021

The inappropriate use of antibiotics, one of the causes of the high incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from aquatic ecosystems, represents a risk for aquatic organisms and the welfare of humans. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance rates among riverine Aeromonas spp., taken as representative of the autochthonous microbiota, to evaluate the level of antibacterial resistance in the Tua River (Douro basin). The prevalence and degree of antibiotic resistance was examined using motile aeromonads as a potential indicator of antimicrobial susceptibility for the aquatic environment. Water samples were collected from the middle sector of the river, which is most impacted area by several anthropogenic pressures. Water samples were plated on an Aeromonas-selective agar, with and without antibiotics. The activity of 19 antibiotics was studied against 30 isolates of Aeromonas spp. using the standard agar dilution susceptibility test. Antibiotic resistance rates were fosfomycin (FOS) 83.33%, nalidixic acid (NA) 60%, cefotaxime (CTX) 40%, gentamicin (CN) 26.67%, tobramycin (TOB) 26.67%, cotrimoxazole (SXT) 26.67%, chloramphenicol (C) 16.67%, and tetracycline (TE) 13.33%. Some of the nalidixic acid-resistant strains were susceptible to fluoroquinolones. Multiple resistance was also observed (83.33%). The environmental ubiquity, the natural susceptibility to antimicrobials and the zoonotic potential of Aeromonas spp. make them optimal candidates for studying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquatic ecosystems. Aquatic environments may provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance because anthropogenic activities frequently impact them. The potential risk of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria transmission between animals and humans should be considered in a “One Health—One World” concept.
DALME: The Documentary Archaeology of Late Medieval Europe
Authors: Smail Daniel Lord , Pizzorno Gabriel , Morreale Laura
Published: March 2021

DALME is a collaborative, cross-disciplinary project that seeks to increase our understanding of Europe’s material horizons during the later Middle Ages, an era when changing patterns of production and consumption altered the material world and transformed the relationship between people and things.
МІЖНАРОДНО-ПРАВОВЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПРАВОЗАХИСНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НЕУРЯДОВИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ
Authors: Поляков А. О.
Published: March 2021

Міжнародно-правове регулювання правозахисної діяльності НУО відбувається по лінії закріплення у міжнародних та регіональних правових документах норм щодо правосуб’єктності та повноважень таких організацій у взаємодії з органами міжурядових організацій. Міжнародно-правове регулювання правозахисної діяльності НУО поширюється й на національні правові системи: у міжнародних договорах щодо цього питання закріплюються не стільки суб’єктивні права НУО, скільки обов’язки або рекомендації державам із приводу співробітництва з НУО. Правовий статус НУО відрізняється в різних спеціальних міжнародних угодах, які створюють окремі режими та стосуються здійснення правозахисної діяльності НУО у певних сферах (права дітей, освіта, екологія і т.п.). Найбільшою мірою питання регулювання правозахисної діяльності НУО відображене у правових актах Ради Європи, яка стала першою міжурядовою організацією, що ввела для міжнародних НУО статус участі, який дозволяє їм впливати на прийняття рішень.
ФОРМИ НАДАННЯ БЕЗОПЛАТНОЇ ПРАВОВОЇ ДОПОМОГИ ЯК ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ГАРАНТІЇ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРАВ І СВОБОД ЛЮДИНИ ТА ГРОМАДЯНИНА
Authors: Магаррамлі Е. В.
Published: March 2021

У статті акцентовано увагу на тому, що діяльність юридичного типу здійснюється в усіх соціально важливих сферах, як-от охорона здоров’я або охорона прав і свобод людини, правоохоронна діяльність тощо. Зі свого боку надання безоплатної правової допомоги безпосередньо пов’язане з охороною прав, свобод та інтересів людини, а також опосередковано стосується правоохоронної діяльності, у цьому випадку результативність такої діяльності забезпечується її здійсненням у певних формах. Крім того, необхідно розуміти, що окремі елементи чи характеристики предмета ще самі по собі не можуть визначатись як його форма, для цього вони повинні бути систематизовані та упорядковані. Зміст є невід’ємною від форми категорією, оскільки він зумовлює її існування, тобто зміст є визначальним щодо форми, яка не може існувати самостійно. Зміст і форма не є абсолютно стійкими явищами, проте перший є визначальним у таких змінах, а форма залишається відносно стабільною. Форми надання безоплатної правової допомоги визначено як зовнішнє вираження її існування, ті процеси, в межах яких вона надається особам, юридична значеннєва діяльність спрямована на забезпечення прав і свобод кожної людини. Форма  це вид певної діяльності, оскільки таке розуміння більшою мірою відповідає етимологічному значенню зазначеної категорії як зовнішнього прояву конкретної діяльності, ніж ототожненню останнього з засобом. Констатовано, що безоплатну правову допомогу можна розглядати як самостійну діяльність і як державну гарантію. Належність правової допомоги до діяльності держави свідчить про те, що організація її надання здійснюється в межах двох вищезазначених форм – правової та організаційної. Яскравим прикладом здійснення державної діяльності, пов’язаної із організацією надання правової допомоги, є державна політикв в окресленій сфері, зміст якої знайшов своє відображення в низці нормативно-правових актів. Зроблено висновок щодо форм надання безоплатної правової допомоги, які залежать від того, в якому аспекті розглядається остання. У випадку, якщо розглядати безоплатну правову допомогу як державну гарантію, то вона за своїми ознаками тяжіє до державної діяльності, що реалізується в двох основних формах: 1) правовій, що передбачає здійснення нормотворчої, правозастосовної, правозахисної, інтерпритаційно-правової та контрольнонаглядової діяльності; 2) організаційній, яка реалізується в межах методичної, кадрової, комунікативної, технічної, інформаційно-статистичної та фінансової діяльності.
Cultural Values found in Kuruntokai Songs
Authors: S Eswaran
Published: March 2021

Tamil literature is a disciple of Sangam literature and the cultural norms of life. The cultural values found in short songs can be summarized in this article. Kuruntokai compilation of Kuruntokai songs. Kuruntokai songs are excellent. Even in Kuruntokai songs, they are full of rare messages. The cultural values found in kuruntokai songs are created forever. This article is about to be read.
Application of the accelerated rehabilitationprotocol (ERAS) in the perioperative period from the position of an anesthesiologist
Authors: Gritsenko S. N. , Lashkul O. S.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Application of laparoscopic techniques corresponds to the principles of the ERAS maximally.

Aim – assess the impact of the early multimodal rehabilitation concept use on the postoperative period.

Material and methods. The study involved 49 patientswhowererandomizedbymethodofenvelopes into two groups. In the basic group (30 patients) a multimodal protocol of early rehabilitation was used. In the control group (19 patients) a traditional perioperative regimen was performed. In both groups, vaginal hysterectomy with laparoscopic support under general anesthesia combined with mechanical ventilation was carried out. Fentanyl analgesia (3–5 mcg/kg/hr), and 0,5% bupivacaine solution into epidural space (6,8 mL). The volume of the infusion in the main group was 6 ml/kg/h, in the control group – 10 ml/kg/hr. Noninvasive monitoring carried by monitor "Leon" (blood pressure, heart rate, capnogram), the hourly diuresis. Postoperatively the two groups used 24 hours prolonged epidural small boluses of 0,25% bupivacaine solution (4 ml/hour) in combination with systemic administration of dexketoprofen (100–150 mg/day) + ketorolac (60 mg/day) + paracetamol (2000 mg/day).

Result. The groups were homogeneous in anamnestic (onset of menstruation, number of pregnancies, childbirth, abortion, miscarriage), anthropometric and demographic characteristics, duration of operations and the beginning levels of systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure and heart rate. The volume of blood loss (ml) in patients with ERAS was (282 ± 22), in patients of the control group – (347 ± 21), p˂0,05. Intraoperative gemohydrobalance (ml) in patients with ERAS was (547 ± 57), in the control group – (942 ± 62), p ˂ 0,05. The postoperative hospital stay in patients of the main group (ERAS) was significantly shorter (5,00 ± 0,26) than in the control group of patients without ERAS (7,16 ± 0,40), p ˂ 0,05.

Conclusion. Optimal anesthetic tactic allows patients to be fast extubated and to eliminate postoperative pain in the first 24 hours effectively. Using the early multimodal rehabilitation protocol reduces the time of patient recovery after vaginal hysterectomy with laparoscopic assistance.
Medical and social consequences of pelvic brake fractures in combination with polysegmentary injuries
Authors: Trufanov I. I. , Tribushnoy O. V. , Klyatskij Yu. P. , Kosilo V. V.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study. Is to analyze the medical and social consequences of pelvic fractures in combination with polysegmental injuries, study the health care system for these injuries, predict complications and mortality to assess the quality of life of patients with pelvic fractures and other segments (lower or upper limb).

Materials and methods. The examination reports were examined according to the Zaporizhia Regional Trauma expertise commission code ICD-10 codes/manual S32 (Fracture of the lumbar spine and pelvic bones).

Results. According to the Zaporizhia Regional Trauma expertise commission, the number of patients after bone fractures in 2014–2018 is 44 people. The analysis of the material revealed the general tendencies of steady growth of the number of patients with pelvic trauma to disability, which confirms the world statistics. During the period 2016–2019 on the basis of "Сity hospital of emergency medical care " and "City Hospital № 9" were operated on 28 patients with fractures of the acetabulum, of which as a result of osteoarthritis of the hip joint surgery was performed in 3 cases (10, 7%).

Conclusions. Some methods of trauma care need to be improved, aimed at reducing their trauma, as well as preventive measures for the development of general and local complications in victims with combined pelvic trauma, refusal of surgical treatment entails improper fracture fusion and disability.
Surgical treatment of complicated forms of erysipelas
Authors: Vasylevska L. A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study. The goal of the article is to find out the frequency of complicated forms of erysipelas among the general population of the disease and to determine the main directions for their surgical treatment.

Materials and methods. 114 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in the center of purulent-septic surgery of the Non-profit municipal enterprise "City Hospital № 3" in Zaporozhye for the period 2019–2020 were analyzed retrospectively and prospectively.

Results. It was found that most often the focus was localized on the upper and lower extremities. In the complex treatment of patients with surgical forms of erysipelas, the main place belongs to antibiotic therapy (ABT) and early surgical treatment of the area of the pathological process. Determination of the level of procalcitonin in blood serum makes it possible to assess the progression of the inflammatory process and is a sensitive test for the effectiveness of treatment.

Conclusions. The incidence of complicated forms of erysipelas requiring surgery in the general population was 78,9%. Patients with circular erysipelas need the most extensive surgery, when it is necessary to perform an autopsy within the area of inflammation with longitudinal and transverse wavy autopsies throughout the pathological focus. Determination of the level of procalcitonin in blood serum makes it possible to assess the progress of the process and is a sensitive test for the effectiveness of treatment.
Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Layanan Pemesanan Makanan Melalui Ojek Online di Bandar Lampung
Authors: Martinouva Rissa Afni , Sukardi Dina Haryati , Hadi Satrio Nur
Published: March 2021

Fasilitas antar jemput dan pembelian makanan kini dibantu melalui pemesanan pada smartphone oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini difokuskan terhadap perjanjian pemesanan makanan melalui ojek online yang dinamai go-food. Terdapat beberapa konsumen yang mengeluhkan kerugian yang dialami terhadap perjanjian yang dilakukan pada pembelian pengantaran makanan melalui go-food. Melalui penelitian yuridis normatif ini, diketahui bahwa adanya kerugian yang dialami oleh salah satu konsumen driver go-food membuktikan bahwa perjanjian yang dilakukan tidak memenuhi unsur hak dan kewajiban, bertentangan dengan Pasal 4 UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.
Membedah Pengaturan Hukum Kewarganegaraan Chile: Suatu Kajian Perbandingan
Authors: Rabbani Deden Rafi Syafiq
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini sejatinya mencoba untuk dapat memberikan pemahaman serta analisis terhadap dinamika hukum kewarganegaraan. Mengigat masih belumbanyaknya literatur Indonesia berkaitan dengan hukum kewarganegaraan yang membahas terkait dengan pengaturan kewarganegaraan dari berbagai negara. Tulisan ini secara spesifik memberikan penjelasan terkait dengan pengaturan hukum kewarganegaraan Chile. Negara Chile dipilih karena memberikan rezim kewarganegaraan yang dapat dianalisis dalam lingkup hukum kewarganegaraan. Melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif berdasarkan pada kaidah hukum dalam hukum positif terhadap pegaturan kewarganegaraan Chile, maka diperoleh hasil bahwa: Pertama, perkembangan terhadap pengaturan kewarganegaraan Chile   dapat dilihat berdasarkan rezim pengaturan hukum. Kedua, keterkaitan studi hukum kewarganegaraan terhadap perkembangan pengaturan kewarganegaraan Chile sangat dapat dilihat berdasarkan beberapa aspek penting dalam hukum kewarganegaraan.
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan RI No. 18 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengendalian Transportasi dalam Rangka Pencegahan Covid 19
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Suharno . , Dewi Nourma
Published: March 2021

Covid-19 yang mempunyai tingkat penularan dan korban kematian yang tinggi menimbulkan perubahan besar bagi pola kehidupan masyarakat termasuk dalam pengelolaan transportasi online di Indonesia. Dalam pengelolaan transportasi online saat ini pemerintah telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 18 Tahun 2020 tentang Pengendalian Transportasi dalam Rangka Pencegahan Covid-19 (Permen). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dan kendala pelaksanaan Permen tersebut pada bisnis transportasi online Grab yang ada di Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis field research kualitatif, yang dilaksanakan di Perusahaan Transportasi Online Grab di Kota Surakarta dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis dan empiris. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan moda transportasi online Grab di Kota Surakarta telah  melakukan  berbagai  perubahan  dalam  standar  operasional  prosedur  dalam  pelaksanaan  bisnis transportasi  online  di  masa  pandemi  Covid-19 dalam rangka pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 di Kota Surakarta kendati masih terdapat kesadaran yang rendah bagi mitra pengemudinya.
Paisajes patrimoniales: Estrategias desde el proyecto de paisaje para la recuperación de los bienes patrimoniales de la región costera del Gran La Plata
Authors:   , Román Rosario Aylén
Published: March 2021

En la presente tesis de maestría se aborda como tema de investigación la relación conceptual entre paisaje, patrimonio y proyecto. Entendiendo que estos tres conceptos abarcan un campo de conocimiento interdisciplinario, de múltiples escalas, donde se entrelazan temas vinculados a la identidad, la cultura, la imagen, la composición y el diseño urbano. Posicionada desde esta mirada, se identifican los paisajes patrimoniales de la región costera del Gran La Plata, entendidos a partir de la importancia del sustrato natural, caracterizado por la influencia creadora del Río de La Plata, y los procesos histórico-sociales que fueron delineando un modo peculiar de apropiación del lugar. La hipótesis que guía esta investigación propone que, la identificación de los bienes con valores patrimoniales y la reintegración de los mismos a la ciudad y a su entorno, a partir de diversas estrategias y recursos proyectuales, contribuye a la puesta en valor y apropiación de los paisajes patrimoniales de la región. Para dar respuesta se propone una metodología que permita en primer lugar, la identificación de los bienes tangibles con valor patrimonial del área de estudio, luego la clasificación y caracterización de los paisajes patrimoniales de la región. Por último, se proponen categorías de recursos y estrategias proyectuales según la escala de la intervención (territorial o local) y según el momento de transformación (manejo integral, recuperación, mitigación o mantenimiento).
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DA HIPERTENSÃO ASSOCIADA À FRAGILIDADE DO ENVELHECER E OS CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Karla de Araújo Oliveira Raissa , Soares Diniz Danielly , de Farias Belém Lindomar
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a relação do envelhecimento com a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e identificação de fatores contribuintes para essa morbidade, por meio de literaturas científicas disponíveis que abordem essa temática. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com abordagem retrospectiva, no período de 2015 a 2019. Disponíveis nas bases Pubmed - US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, SciELO - Scientific Eletronic Library e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS, por serem referências para o campo de pesquisas da Saúde. A seleção dos artigos se deu através dos critérios: atender à questão norteadora; ter disponibilidade eletrônica na forma de texto completo, ter sido publicado no período supracitado nos idiomas português ou inglês e que abordassem a população idosa. Resultados: Foram selecionados seis estudos, que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão/exclusão sugeridos. De acordo com o que foi observado após análise, o surgimento da HAS em idosos se associa à modificações fisiológicas que acontecem no processo de envelhecimento, sendo também influenciada por fatores de risco: sedentarismo, hábitos alimentares inadequados, tabagismo e etilismo. Conclusão: O envelhecimento é um dos principais fatores para a HAS, além das variáveis pessoais como idade, história pregressa, e riscos modificáveis. Desse modo, embora bastante comum, a HAS ainda se configura como um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública, sendo uma temática de fundamental valor para a sociedade e profissionais de saúde, pois contribui para a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o assunto.

Palavras chave: Hipertensão. Envelhecimento. Enfermagem.
“Citizens of Heaven” versus “The Islamic Peril”
Authors: Stockdale Nancy L.
Published: March 2021

In early 2001, the Holy Land Experience (HLE) theme park opened in Orlando, Florida. Before 9/11, Islam was merely a shadowy figure at the HLE; after 9/11, however, the park has promoted a vision of Islam and Muslims that fosters hate among American Protestant visitors. This paper argues that the HLE is a site of extreme potential danger, for it espouses holy war and dissent between American Christians, Jews, and Muslims.
Internal Control Systems in West Malaysia’s State Mosques
Authors: Sulaiman Maliah , Siraj Siti Alawiah , Ibrahim Shahul Hameed Mohamed
Published: March 2021

The embezzlement of funds from religious organizations, particularly in western church institutions, is becoming more common. Such scandals have raised concerns about their internal control systems. Despite the lack of any reported financial scandals in mosques, there is a growing concern as to whether they experience the same deficiencies as other religious institutions do. Our study examines the internal control procedures related to the receiving income and disbursing funds in West Malaysia’s state mosques. A questionnaire survey and informal interviews were used to collect the data. The results indicate that these mosques have a strong internal control system vis-à-vis these two activities. This study also reveals that their practice of several basic control activities (e.g., segregating duties, recording financial transactions, and authorizing particular activities) is satisfactory. Though this is an exploratory study, the results may provide a benchmark for further studies examining internal control practices in religious organizations.
Human Rights in Traditionalist Islam
Authors: Crane Robert Dickson
Published: March 2021

The vaunted clash of civilizations has grown into a Fourth World War of demonization against Islam. The newest strategy is to single out Islam’s essential values, deny that they exist, and assert that their absence constitutes the Islamic threat. This article shows the common identity of classical American and classical Islamic thought so that Muslims, Christians, and Jews can unite against religious extremism. Muslim jurisprudents developed the world’s most sophisticated code of human responsibilities and rights. This is now being revived as the common heritage of western civilization based on the premise that justice reflects a truth higher than man-made positivist law and on the corollary that the task of religion is to translate transcendent truth into the transcendent law of compassionate justice.
The Economic Ideas of Shah Wali-Allah al-Dihlawi
Authors: Islahi Abdul Azim
Published: March 2021

Shah Wali-Allah al-Dihlawi (d. 1174 AH/1762 CE) stands in the Indian subcontinent’s history as a link between medieval and modern Islamic thought. Through his writings on various Shari` ah sciences, he brought about a revolution in the Muslim mind, one that continues to inspire his readers even today. Focusing on the economic problems of his time, he reflected upon the economy’s applied aspects and such theoretical issues as a person’s basic occupation, the need for a division of labor, the nature and function of money, and undesirable economic practices. He also analyzed riba al-fadl (interest in terms of quantity) and riba alnasi’ah (interest in terms of time of delivery) in economic terms and emphasized the need and importance of having a full treasury (to ensure that the government sufficient funds to meet its obligations to its inhabitants during times of war and peace). In addition, he formulated a theory known as al-irtifaqat (the stages of socioeconomic development). Starting from primitive village life and ending with an international community, he divided society’s socioeconomic development into four stages, the first of which is dominated by simple economic struggle and the last of which is developed to maintain a just political order on the international level in order to safeguard the various states’ socioeconomic interest and establish mutual peace and justice. All of his economic ideas revolve around and are related to his concept of irtifaqat.
Ijtihad in Contemporary Shi`ism
Authors: Mavani Hamid
Published: March 2021

The adoption of the Mu`tazili school of “rationalist” theology and the institution of ijtihad enabled Shi`i legal theory to exhibit vibrancy and made it adaptable to changing contingencies and circumstances. But because Shi`i jurists did not face the challenge of governing a state, their juridical focus and orientation remained fixated on resolving issues confronting the laity or their followers (muqallid) at a personal level and did not provide an ethical framework for the ijtihad process. The establishment of a Shi`i state in Iran in 1979, which forced them to tackle social, political, economic, educational, and cultural issues, demanded a change in orientation – away from the individual and toward society as the unit of analysis vis-à-vis ijtihad. They marshaled various methods, legal devices, and strategies to address contemporary social issues in order to provide pragmatic guidance to the citizens that would be in conformity with the moral and ethical principles laid out in the revelatory sources. This paper examines the writings of Ayatullahs Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Muhammad Mahdi Shamsuddin, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlullah, and Ruhullah Musavi al-Khomeini and studies this phenomenon of change from individual-oriented ijtihad to society-oriented ijtihad.
Values and Gender Equality between Islam and the West
Authors: Mrani Moulay Rachid
Published: March 2021

If the development of technology, means of communication, and rapid transportation have made continents closer and made the world a small village, the outcome of the ensuing encounters among cultures and civilizations is far from being a mere success. Within this new reality Muslims, whether they live in majority or minority contexts, face multiple challenges in terms of relating to non-Muslim cultures and traditions. One of these areas is the status of women and gender equality. Ali Mazrui was one of the few Muslim intellectuals to be deeply interested in this issue. His dual belonging, as an African and as a westerner, enable him to understand such issues arising from the economic, political, and ethical contrasts between the West and Islam. This work pays tribute to this exceptional intellectual’s contribution toward the rapprochement between the western and the Islamic value systems, illustrating how he managed to create a “virtual” space for meeting and living together between two worlds that remain different yet dependent upon each other.
The Post-Enlightenment Moral Crisis and the Emergence of Secular Tyranny in the Middle East
Authors: Chak Farhan Mujahid
Published: March 2021

This article explores humanity’s ethical transformation during Europe’s post-Enlightenment era and assesses its impact upon the originsand development of secularism. Thereafter, it investigates how secularism was introduced into the Middle East, isolating that importation as directed through western colonialism or spellbound indigenous elites. Eventually, introducing secularism into the region’s socio-cultural milieu achieved nothing resembling what Europe or North America had experienced, particularly as regards the purported aims of social reconciliation, industrialization, and modernization. Without the European context, secularism emerged in a radically offensive manner, one that uprooted the local axiology and thereby leading to unprecedented levels of secular tyranny as well as entailing the justification of socio-economic and political oppression.
Resisting Islamophobia
Authors: Bacchus Nazreen
Published: March 2021

Since 9/11, second-generation Muslims have experienced an increase in religious discrimination that has presented several challenges to their American integration.  Scholars have noted that Muslims are often marginalized and “othered” because of their religious beliefs, attire choices and non-Western ethnic origins.  In New York, Arabs, South Asians and Africans are the predominant ethnic groups practicing Islam.  Although Muslim communities are ethnically and racially diverse, they are categorized in ways that have transformed their religious identity into a racialized group.  This new form of racial amalgamation is not constructed on underlying skin color similarities but on their religious adherence to Islam. The War on Terror has complicated the image of Muslims by circulating Islamophobia, or the fear of Muslims and Islam, onto American society.  Political rhetoric targeting Muslim communities has also incited new ways of misinterpreting Qur’anic text to further marginalize them. Second-generation Muslim Americans are responding to Islamophobia by reframing the negative depictions about their identities through community-based activism.  This paper takes an intersectionality approach to understanding how Muslims across the New York metro area are managing their religious identities as they seek to develop a sense of belonging in American society.  This ethnographic case study addresses how second-generation Muslims are resisting Islamophobia through community building, civic engagement, and college student associations.  Countering Islamophobia has become part of the everyday life experience for Muslims in New York and is currently their main trajectory for integration into American society.
Blackamerican Muslim Scholars and Leaders in New York City
Authors: Daniels Timothy Patrick
Published: March 2021

Recent work has drawn attention to the state-led and media-driven discourse of "good" and "bad" Muslims.  It is a flexible discourse, with benchmarks and shifting appraisals, that aims to mold American Muslims into "good" secular Muslims.  Drawing on old Orientalist representations, this American Islamophobic framework strives to produce "good" Blackamerican Muslims through rendering them as invisible, voiceless, or under the control of allies of the U.S. secular power.  The three ethnographic vignettes—a masjid fundraiser, two chaplains, and a political collective—demonstrate that Blackamerican Muslims scholars and leaders are not only disrupting this discursive project, but also undermining negative portrayals of Muslims and Islam more broadly.  In addition, through their practice and discourse, these Blackamerican Muslim figures are formulating an emergent American Muslim religious identity.
Mediating Islam and Modernity
Authors: Dar Owais Manzoor
Published: March 2021

The question of Islam’s compatibility with modernity (and other interrelated aspects like democracy, rationality, nationalism, etc.) has been debated for more than two centuries. In the Subcontinent, this debate started with British imperialism (the so-called British Raj, 1857-1947). Scholars like Chirag Ali (d. 1895), Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (d. 1898), Allama Iqbal (d. 1938), Abul Kalam Azad (d. 1958), Shibli Numani (d. 1914), Mumtaz Ali (d. 1974), Syed Mawdudi (d. 1979), Amin Ihsan Islahi (d. 1997), and Abul Hassan Ali Nadwi (d. 1999) offered various critical responses. The debate still manifests in different forms, whether regarding nationalism or secularism, rationality or progressive politics. A plethora of mostly apologetic literature has been produced on the question. A recent addition to this literature is Parray’s Mediating Islam and Modernity.

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Uma cobertura além do campo de jogo
Authors: Maciel Júnior Mauro Lúcio , Isayama Hélder Ferreira
Published: March 2021

Tendo em vista a repercussão gerada em torno do público e da renda das partidas da Copa América de 2019, o objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar a cobertura feita pela mídia acerca desse tema. Para tanto, foram analisadas 17 matérias veiculadas entre os dias 14 de junho e 07 de julho de 2019, pelo portal Globoesporte.com, a fim de compreender a forma como notícias específicas sobre essa temática foram pautadas por esse veículo de comunicação. Como resultados, foi possível perceber uma abordagem objetiva sobre o público e a renda dos jogos, com a presença de representações voltadas para o futebol como evento esportivo e sem a abertura de espaços para reflexões sobre a inserção desse esporte como um artefato cultural da sociedade brasileira. Tal constatação pode ser entendida como uma espécie de naturalização do futebol como um elemento de consumo, construída em um cenário político-econômico de expansão da hegemonia de pensamentos neoliberais, muitas das vezes aceitos e reproduzidos pela imprensa.
Reminiscência de uma fotógrafa de esportes nos anos 1990 [imagem]
Authors: Lombardi Kátia
Published: March 2021

Em meados dos anos 1990, as redações dos principais jornais impressos do país estavam repletas de jovens jornalistas. Nas editorias de fotografia, embora houvesse mulheres, a predominância era masculina. Aos domingos, no quarto andar da redação da Folha de S. Paulo, havia disputa entre os fotógrafos para fazer a cobertura das mais importantes partidas de futebol do dia. Nessas ocasiões, raramente a pauta era destinada a uma fotógrafa.
Se observamos hoje movimentos que reivindicam o espaço da mulher na cobertura de esportes, veremos que há 20 anos o futebol era uma área dominada pela presença masculina.
Naquela época, eu trabalhava como repórter fotográfica do jornal Notícias Populares, que fazia parte do Grupo Folha (A redação do NP ficava no terceiro andar, mas compartilhávamos o laboratório de fotografia, que ficava no andar de cima, com a Folha de S. Paulo e com a Folha da Tarde).
Phenotypic characterization of the resistance of Salmonella – Shigella isolates to colistin and detection of mcr1/2 genes
Authors: MABIKA MABIKA Rolande , MOUNIOKO Franck , Wenceslas   MBOUMBA Loïs , SOUZA Alain , Fabrice YALA Jean
Published: March 2021

Objective: Colistin is one of the latest line of therapeutics used in the management of infections due to multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. The current emergence of colistin resistance, in particular through the mediation of plasmid resistance genes (mcr1 and mcr2) in intestinal bacteria is a worldwide concern. The objective of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of Salmonella and Shigella strains to colistin and the detection of mcr1 and mcr2 genes within these strains. Methodology and Results: The colistin sensitivity profile of 30 Salmonella strains and 5 Shigella strains was determined using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations in liquid medium of Mueller Hinton and the results were interpreted in accordance with the standards of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Epidemiological cut-off 2020 version 10.0. Finally, the mcr1 and mcr2 genes were detected by a conventional PCR. Overall, a phenotypic resistance rate of 20% was recorded for Salmonella-Shigella pathogens, with a frequency of 17.1% for Salmonella and 2.9% for Shigella. Molecular screening of these isolates revealed a lack of detection of the mcr1 and mcr2 genes in their genetic heritage. Conclusion and application of results: this study shows that Salmonella and Shigella strains are resistant to colistin, however the mcr 1 and 2 genes have not been amplified. To this end, the rational use of colistin must be applied in the human and animal field in order to curb the increase and spread of resistance to this molecule. Keywords: Colistin, Gabon, mcr, resistance, Salmonella-Shigella
TRANSPARANSI DAN KEMUDAHAN AKSES DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU KABUPATEN KOLAKA
Authors: Taufik Taufik
Published: March 2021

This article aims to discuss the dimension of transparency in the process of organizing public services at the Office of Investment and Integrated Services One Door Kolaka Regency. The lack of access from citizens, limited public service information, and various maladministrations that occurred showed not an optimal improvement in the quality of public services in Indonesia. The idea of transparency in public services is that the government should be open with the availability of clear information and provide convenience to citizens in accessing services. this research uses a qualitative approach with a case study. Data is collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study show that the process of organizing public services at the Office of Investment and Integrated Services One Door Kolaka Regency has been carried out transparently. Service executors have been open and provide all public service information needed by the community. Access to services can be reached easily by residents. Although some people have difficulty in accessing services online, the implementing officers always help and provide convenience as a form of responsiveness in public services.
关于机电设备管理问题的分析
Authors: 周 玲玲
Published: March 2021

机电设备安全防护管理是企业最频繁、最丰富的安全防护管理活动，也是企业实现安全防护目标必不可少的有效保证之一。质量标准是安全生产的保证。因此，逐步升级对机电设备的监督、系统分析机电设备安全防护经营管理中有关存在的问题，具备十分重要的意义。
锅炉维修质量控制及措施研究
Authors: 宋 兴健
Published: March 2021

锅炉是中国广泛使用的加热设备，在正常使用期间，由于锅炉的日常维护和管理不到位，更容易发生故障。论文结合锅炉的使用现状，对锅炉的质量控制和维修措施进行了详尽的分析，以期更好地控制锅炉在每个使用环节中的问题，最大限度延长锅炉维护后的使用寿命，并促进工作质量和效率的提高。
大型水生植物在水污染治理中的应用研究进展
Authors: 岳 媛 , 吴 家福
Published: March 2021

随着中国经济的快速发展，国家越来越重视大型水生植物在污染治理中的应用。为了提升水生植物应用效果，要根据实际情况了解当前水污染的情况，加强对水资源的保护，利用植物进行水源清理，使水体污染进行自主降解，并以水生植物为核心对污水进行治理。
于“代建制+工程总承包”项目管理模式的探究
Authors: 肖 驰
Published: March 2021

随着时代的发展，经济社会的不断进步与完善政府投资项目的实行，对于代建制已经是必不可少的。但是针对管理模式的不同，在代建制的实施问题上也出现了很多，无法避免的矛盾所在，通过对管理模式的探究，可以提升整体的工程项目管理水平，提高管理质量，拓展企业的生存与发展空间。
泥水处理系统处理能力现场应用分析
Authors: 于 云平
Published: March 2021

随着中国城市基础设施建设事业的蓬勃发展，复杂多样的隧道设计施工技术得到了空前的发展与进步。论文对江浦路越江隧道泥水处理系统进行分析探讨，以便对类似工程提供参考。
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT AYAM PETELUR MENGGUNAKAN METODE CASE BASED REASONING BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Achmad Faisal Zendy
Published: March 2021

Munculnya permasalahan dan penyakit pada ayam ini disinyalir akibat kelalaian peternak yang kurang memperhatikan nutrisi bahan pakan yang diberikan pada ayam peliharaannya. Penyakit-penyakit yang sering menjangkit ayam petelur adalah: Newcastle Disease (ND), Infectious Bronchitis (IB), Gumboro Disease dan Flu. Pada setiap penyakit tersebut memiliki gejala yang hampir sama namun membutuhan penanganan dan tindakan yang bebeda-beda sehingga banyak peternak yang sulit mengidentifikasi penyakit apa yang menjangkit ternak mereka.Pengumpulan data yang dijadikan bahan pembuatan sistem pakar menggunakan metode case base reasoning ini dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan technical service obat (ahli dalam bidang penanganan penyakit ayam petelur) pada instansi Manunggal Putra Unggas. Dalam tahap ini, berkonsultasi tentang informasi mengenai segala penyakit ayam petelur, gejala penyakit ayam petelur, serta bobot nilai pada setiap gejala yang merupakan tingkat keyakinan dari ahli dalam penyakit ayam petelur. Setelah dilakukan wawancara, maka diperoleh informasi mengenai mengenai nilai bobot dari penyakit dan gejala penyakit ayam yang akan digunakan dalam sistem pakar diagnosis penyakit pada ayam petelur yang diperoleh dari technical service penanganan unggas yaitu Bpk Taufan Rohadie.Pada jurnal hasil penelitian sosio-economic impact didapatkan pada insutri peternakan ayam yang ada di Indonesia bahwa wabah penyakit ayam pada umumnya menyerang perusahaan peternakan ayam petelur. Sekitar 83% dari total populasi. Informasi ini mengungkapkan bahwa perusahaan ayam petelur lebih rentan terkena wabah penyakit daripada perusahaan ayam boiler.
PENERAPAN LOGIKA FUZZY UNTUK PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS UDARA PADA RUANGAN SMOKING AREA DENGAN MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Zohara Shoma Rommy , Noertjahjono Sidik , Dedy Irawan Joseph
Published: March 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang yang memilik konsumsi rokok yang cukup tinggi oleh penduduknya, sekitar kurang lebih 29% dari penduduk merupakan seorang perokok aktif. Berdasarkan fakta yang sudah disebutkan sebelumnya, maka cukup banyak asap yang akan bermunculan. Tak terlepas pada ruangan terbuka, smoking area sudah pasti akan menjadi tempat yang banyak mengandung asap rokok. Sebagai contoh perkembangan teknologi piranti piranti digital seperti mikrokontroler. Pemanfaatan mikrokontroler akan banyak membawa dampak pada kemudahan dan efektivitas kerja. Sebagai contoh rancang bangun sistem pengendalian kualitas udara pada smoking room akan sangat bermanfaat untuk memerbaiki kualitas udara pada suatu smoking room.

Studi ini mengajukan perancangan simulasi sistem kontrol suhu dan  dan asap beserta implementasinya berupa prototype sistem pengendalian kualitas udara pada smoking room menggunakan mikrokontroller arduino. Sistem pengendalian kualitas udara pada smoking room ini dilengkapi dengan kemampuan pengatur kecepatan kipas yang sudah diprogram pada mikrokontroler berdasarkan kaidah logika fuzzy yang diterapkan.

Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototype sistem pengendalian kualitas udara pada smoking room yang dilengkapi dengan fitur informasi kondisi udara pada ruangan yang ditampilkan pada suatu web, Sistem ini bekerja dengan menggunakan beberapa perangkat keras diantaranya: Arduino, Sensor Suhu, Sensor asap, driver motor juga kipas
PENERAPAN CHATBOT AUTO REPLY PADA WHATSAPP SEBAGAI PUSAT INFORMASI PRAKTIKUM MENGGUNAKAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MARKUP LANGUAGE
Authors: Fajar Ramadhan Dimas , Noertjahjono Sidik , Dedy Irawan Joseph
Published: March 2021

Kepopuleran AI (Artificial Intelligence) semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, dimulai di bidang medis, bisnis, akademik sampai hiburan tak luput dari peran sebuah Artificial Intelligence didalamnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu memudahkan Asisten Laboratorium dalam melakukan rekapitulasi data yang berhubungan praktikum pada Jurusan Teknik Informatika S-1 Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang, sekaligus untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang bisa diberikan kepada para mahasiswa. Pada penelitian ini, dibuat sebuah sistem yang melibatkan sebuah website Sistem Informasi Laboratoriumoratorium sebagai media untuk mengatur nilai dan informasi tentang praktikum, dan sebuah ChatBot dengan menerapkan Artificial Intelligence Markup Language sebagai sebuah virtual assistant yang menjebatani antara informasi dari database dengan mahasiswa. Dimana ChatBot ini selain bisa merespon percakapan, ia juga bisa mengambil data berupa nilai ataupun informasi yang ada di Praktikum. Sistem yang dirancang menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, Javascript, Python, PDO dan MySQL sebagai databasenya. Hasil pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa website Sistem Informasi Laboratoriumoratorium berfungsi dengan baik dalam mengelola (Create, Read, Update dan Delete) data mahasiswa, nilai, kelompok, aslab dan data lainnya. Sedangkan pada pengujian ChatBot menunjukkan bahwa program bisa merespon pesan yang dikirim melalui WhatsApp, mulai dari sekedar percakapan kosong sampai men-request informasi dari database.
PENERAPAN METODE NAIVE BAYES UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI PENJUALAN PADA UD. HIKMAH PASURUAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Rizki Fakhrizal , Faisol Ahmad , Santi Wahyuni Febriana
Published: March 2021

Hikmah Pasuruan merupakan salah satu toko seragam yang berdiri sejak tahun 1985 di Jln. St. Barat, Mayangan, Panggungrejo, Kota Pasuruan, Jawa Timur 67132 ruko blok B. Toko tersebut menyediakan berbagai macam kebutuhan perlengkapan sekolah mulai tingkat SD, SMP, dan SMA. Toko tersebut menyediakan 11 merk baju, diantaranya Hikmah Indonesia, Huda Jaya, Ida Jaya, Lia Pelajar, Rabbani, Santika, School, Tular, UD. Surabaya, Umam Jaya. Sistem pembukuan pada toko UD. Hikmah masih menggunakan cara manual, yaitu dengan mencatat setiap transaksi dalam bentuk nota.

Permasalahan yang dihadapi UD. Hikmah Pasuruan ini adalah bagaimana memprediksi atau meramalkan data transaksi penjualan barang pada tahun yang akan datang. Penjualan seragam di toko UD. Hikmah terbilang ramai, hal tersebut terbukti dengan adanya pengiriman barang setiap bulan. Namun, toko UD. Hikmah belum bisa memprediksi barang apa yang paling dominan laku pada setiap tahunnya. Seperti yang pernah terjadi pada bulan Juni 2018 , dimana pada bulan tersebut bertepatan dengan pendaftaran siswa baru. Karena tidak mengetahui frekuensi penjualan barang setiap tahun mengakibatkan toko UD. Hikmah tidak mempersiapkan stok barang sesuai dengan permintaan konsumen, sehingga mengakibatkan penjulan tidak stabil.

Solusi yang dapat peneliti berikan pada toko UD. Hikmah yaitu dibuatkannya aplikasi web dengan metode Naive Bayes untuk memprediksi penjualan di toko UD. Hikmah, sehingga toko UD. Hikmah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan meningkatkan penjualan setiap tahun. Peneliti menggunakan metode tersebut karena metode Naïve Bayes merupakan metode klasifikasi yang memprediksi peluang di masa depan berdasarkan pengalaman di masa sebelumnya.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA C4.5 DALAM MEMPREDIKSI ASAL CALON MAHASISWA BERBASIS WEBSITE (STUDI KASUS : FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MATARAM)
Authors: Rahman Fauzi , Zulfia Zahro' Hani , Ari Wibisono F.X.
Published: March 2021

Universitas Mataram (UNRAM) merupakan salah satu perguruan tinggi yang berdiri di Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) sejak tanggal 26 Juni 1962. Dalam perkembangannya, sejak didirikannya hingga tahun 2012 Universitas Mataram telah memiliki 9 fakultas dan salah satunya merupakan Fakultas Hukum. Banyaknya jumlah pendaftar mahasiswa baru tiap tahun yang berasal dari beberapa daerah Kota dan Kabupaten Nusa Tenggara Barat menarik rasa ingin tahu akan jumlahnya serta dominan pendaftar dari sekolah mana saja.

Algoritma C4.5 merupakan algoritma yang dapat membentuk suatu pohon keputusan dengan mengubah fakta yang besar dan dapat mempresentasikan aturan. Algoritma C4.5 merupakan salah satu model pengklasifikasian dalam data mining, dengan memanfaatkan data mahasiswa fakultas hukum universitas mataram yang memiliki beberapa atribut diharapkan dapat menghasilkan suatu informasi rules atau aturan.

Hasil dari penelitian pada bagian pengujian fungsional sistem dan web browser dapat berjalan dengan baik sesuai yang diharapkan. Sedangkan hasil pengolahan data pada sistem didapatkan hasil jumlah data dengan keterangan naik 20 data, keterangan turun 2 data dan keterangan tetap 5 data atau sekitar 74,07% merupakan keterangan naik yang dapat dilihat pada grafik hasil.
PREDIKSI PENJUALAN BIBIT IKAN AIR TAWAR PADA IBAT PANDAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TREND MOMENT
Authors: Ilmi Miftachul , Mahmudi Ali , Agus Pranoto Yosep
Published: March 2021

Pandaan merupakan salah satu kecamatan dalam wilayah Kabupaten Pasuruan. Letaknya sangat strategis, berada di tengah-tengah jalur Surabaya-Malang dengan akses menuju tempat pariwisata yang banyak. Sehingga banyak rumah makan menyajikan ikan bakar dan ayam bakar sebagai menu utama yang disajikan. Menu ikan bakar (khususnya ikan gurame dan ikan nila) menjadi sangat populer dikalangan para wisatawan yang datang ke pandaan, tercatat penjualan pada Ibat pandaan tahun 2015 menunjukkan bahwa total penjualan ikan konsumsi mencapai 4.460 ekor (DKP:2015). Diantaranya penjualan ikan gurame mencapai 464 ekor dan ikan  nila 486 ekor.

Sistem yang akan dibangun yaitu sebuah sistem prediksi penjualan bibit ikan air tawar pada Instalasi Budidaya Bibit Ikan Air Tawar pandaan, aplikasi ini dibuat berbasis website dengan hasil pengujian fungsional yang dilakukan menggunakan 3 browser yaitu Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox dan UC Browser memiliki hasil sesuai harapan.

Penerapan dari hasil prediksi penjualan yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa hasil prediksi menggunakan metode Trend Moment menghasilkan angka penjualan bibit ikan untuk tahun berikutnya, data tersebut didapat dari proses pencarian nilai trend dengan tingkat kesalahan sistem mencapai 19%, hal ini disebabkan oleh tingginya angka penambahan data baru melebihi angka penjualan tahun lalu hingga 50%. Oleh karena itu perlu penambahan metode untuk mendapatkan data prediksi yang lebih akurat karena hasil prediksi menggunakan metode trend momend masih diatas 10%.
PENERAPAN LOGIKA FUZZY PADA SISTEM MONITORING DAN KONTROL KANDANG AYAM OTOMATIS BERBASIS IoT
Authors: Sudarmawan Putu adi , Panji Sasmito Agung , Primaswara Renaldi
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan alat yang dapat membantu peternak ayam memonitoring dan menjaga suhu, kelembaban, gas ammonia, dan sisa pakan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan sesnsor DHT22 untuk mendeteksi suhu dan kelembaban , dan sensor MQ137 untuk mendeteksi gas ammonia, dan sensor ultrasonik digunakan untuk mendeteksi sisa pakan ayam.

Fuzzy yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah fuzzy mamdani.Penerapan logika fuzzy yang digunakan untuk memantau suhu dan kelembaban kandang ayam pada penelitian ini ditempatkan pada source code arduino yang akan mengeluarkan keluaran sesuai dengan aturan atau aturan yang telah ditentukan.

Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa alat monitoring dan control otomatis untuk para peternak ayam berbasis IoT. Alat ini dapat bekerja dengan baik, dilihat dari real time antara alat yang digunakan dengan data yang dihasilakan sehingga ketika suhu, kelembaban, gas ammonia, dan sisa pakan ada perubahan maka akan langsung terdeteksi oleh alat.