bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and paranasal sinuses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Pestova Rimma M. , Saveleva Elena E. , Aznabaeva Liliya F.
Published: September 2021

Objectives to assess the features of the inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and sinuses in patients with сhronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
Material and methods. We analyzed the results of examination of 44 patients with CRSwNP. The objects of investigation were smears-reprints from the mucous membrane of the middle turbinate (rhinocytograms) and the intensity of the extracellular peroxidase activity of the lavage fluids of the maxillary sinuses. The data obtained were processed using the Statistica 8.0 software.
Results. When analyzing rhinocytograms of the mucous membrane of the middle turbinates, the epithelial type of rhinocytogram was most often detected in 65.9% of cases (epithelial cells more than 50%); the eosinophilic type in 22.7% (eosinophils more than 1%) and smears with mast cells in 4.6% of cases; the neutrophilic type was less frequent (neutrophils more than 50%) 6.8% of cases. In 34.1% of patients, the cells of the columnar epithelium had pronounced changes in the cytoplasm (vacuolization and enzymatic activity); and in 38.6% of cases the gross pathology was recorded directly in the nucleus of the cells (nucleoli, granules, destruction of the nucleus). The revealed pathology of the cell nucleus suggests the viral etiology of the development of productive inflammation in the nasal cavity and sinuses In the lavage fluids of the maxillary sinuses, a high intensity of extracellular peroxidase activity was recorded (1777.9132.4 a.u. compared to 1225.0190.9 a.u. in patients with chronic purulent rhinosinusitis and 1245.0362.3 a.u. in patients with purulent-polypous rhinosinusitis).
Conclusion. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is accompanied by a pronounced inflammatory process of the nasal mucous membrane and paranasal sinuses in the form of structural and functional changes in the cells of the columnar epithelium and a high intensity of extracellular peroxidase activity. The epithelial nucleus damage (the presence of nucleoli, granules, destruction of the nucleus) suggests a viral nature with the development of productive inflammation in the nasal cavity and sinuses.
Modern concepts of constitutional and X-ray anatomy of the chest in adolescents and adults
Authors: Lutsay Elena D. , Shekhtman Aleksandr G. , Volodin Anatolii V. , Alekseeva Tatyana A.
Published: September 2021

The review presents the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, selecting the available scientific data on the features of constitutional and X-ray anatomy of the chest in adolescents and adults. The size and shape of the chest depends on age, sex and anthropometric parameters: height, body mass index, and also the presence of concomitant pathology. These patterns are characteristic of individual anatomical structures of the chest: sternum, ribs, spine and diaphragm. The study of constitutional anatomy is necessary for the development of morphological foundations for the interpretation of the results of intravital imaging of the chest and organs, justification of various methods of surgical access to the organ and structures of the chest and chest cavity.
The effect of patient's gender on the results of managing cardiovascular risk factors using specialized software
Authors: Galimzyanov Adel F. , Anisimov Andrei Yu. , Garipov Ruslan Z. , Sleiter Mark
Published: September 2021

Objectives to assess the effect of the gender of patients on the severity of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases using specialized software.
Material and methods. In order to identify and correct the severity of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the population, in 2018-2019, the data of residents of the Republic of Tatarstan were registered in specialized software. The severity of risk factors was assessed before the start of the study and after one year. The research included two groups of persons: men and women.
Results. In 2018, the program "Cardiovascular Risk Management" had registered the data of 32,746 residents of the Republic of Tatarstan aged from 18 to 80 years. The risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases were identified in 22,999 individuals, where there were 7,188 men and 15,712 women. The patient's data included gender, age, history of coronary artery disease, smoking, physical activity, blood pressure, the levels of cholesterol, glucose and blood creatinine. The data on the severity of the risk factors in both groups were statistically processed. Based on the data obtained, the supervised persons received recommendations for correcting their lifestyle. In 2019, an assessment of the severity of risk factors was carried out in persons included in the system in 2018.
Conclusion. We found a statistically significant difference in the results of managing risk factors in men and women. The software "Management of cardiovascular risks" is recognized as an effective tool for managing risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and reducing mortality from diseases of the circulatory system.
Structural changes of the tendon in experimental tendinopathy and administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Malanin Dmitrii А. , Rogova Lyudmila N. , Grigorieva Natalya V. , Ekova Mariya R. , Povetkina Victoriya N. , Laskov Ilya G. , Demeschenko Maksim V. , Suchilin Ilya A. , Voronina Aleksandra V.
Published: September 2021

Objectives assessment of structural changes in the calcaneal tendon tissue in experimental tendinopathy under autologous platelet-rich plasma.
Material and methods. Twenty mature Wistar rats, selected for the study, were divided into 5 groups. Rats of all groups received intra- and peritendinous injections of 0.5 ml of 10% sterile talc suspension to provide the experimental modeling of tendinopathy of the calcaneal tendon. Then the tendinopathy area was treated by injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a hyaluronic acid preparation "Rusvisk" (Rusvisk, Russia) and their sequential combination. The results were evaluated after 10 weeks in the autopsy preparations using a light microscopy method and morphometry.
Results. The histological signs characteristic of tendinopathy were revealed, such as the disorganization of collagen structures, mucoid and lipoid degeneration, neovascularization, lymphoid and histiocytic infiltration. The injection of PRP, hyaluronic acid, or their sequential combination in the area of simulated tendinopathy led to changes in the histological presentation of the tissue. As a result, the collagen matrix had less signs of disorganization and less pronounced degenerative changes, as well as manifestations of the inflammatory process in the peritenon and the soft tissues surrounding the tendon, in comparison with the histological profile, which was observed in micropreparations in animals with tendinopathy who had no treatment.
Conclusion. The introduction of PRP into the area of the calcaneal tendon has reduced the manifestations of the inflammatory process, disorganization of the collagen matrix, promoted the enhancement of collagen synthesis by cells and, ultimately, the processes of tissue remodeling.
Platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of lower extremities
Authors: Gilevich Irina V. , Shubrov Erik N. , Chuchvarev Roman V. , Kolomiytceva Elena A. , Triandafilov Konstantin V. , Sotnichenko Aleksandr S. , Melkonyan Karina I.
Published: September 2021

Objectives to evaluate the effectivenes of platelet-rich plasma preparations in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of lower extremities.
Material and methods. The study involved patients hospitalized in the Research Institute S. V. Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital No.1, Krasnodar, with trophic ulcers and chronic osteomyelitis. The patients received injections of platelet-rich plasma as platelet lysate and/or platelet gel.
Results. The study involved 19 patients with trophic ulcers of the lower extremities with a duration of more than 2 months. Previously, the patients had underwent therapy without effect. In all cases, the patients received a complex of therapeutic measures, including debridement, dressing, conservative treatment, physiotherapy, antibiotic therapy. In the presence of large ulcers, 8 patients underwent autodermoplasty with complete engraftment. It has been noted that during platelet-rich plasma use the average healing time was 6-7 weeks.
Four patients were observed with chronic osteomyelitis. During operation, the bone cavity was filled with platelet gel. The postoperative period was uneventful in all cases. The maximum observation period was 1.5 years. No recurrence of osteomyelitis was detected.
Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrate the positive effects of platelet-rich plasma products use.
Source Contribution of 1,3 Butadiene in the Vicinity of Petrochemical Industrial Area
Authors: Sukjit Nuttakit , Thepanondh Sarawut , wonpongsagoon Suphaphat K , Jinsart Wanida , Punya Lalidaporn , Hanma Pattaranan
Published: September 2021

Emissions and ambient concentrations of 1,3 butadiene released from the synthetic rubber industries in the largest petroleum and petrochemical complex in Thailand were evaluated in this study. The industrial emissions in this analysis were those emitted from process fugitive, combustion stack, flare, and wastewater treatment facility. It was found that wastewater treatment units were the largest emission source among other potential sources. The contribution of emission from wastewater treatment plants were about 92% of total 1,3 butadiene emission. The extent and magnitude of 1,3 butadiene in ambient air were further evaluated through the simulation of AERMOD dispersion model using these emission data together with local meteorological and topographical characteristics. Predicted annual 1,3 butadiene concentrations at every receptor were lower than its ambient air quality standard (< 0.33 μg m-3). Source apportionment analysis was performed with the objective to reveal the contribution of each emission source to the ambient concentrations at each receptor. Analytical results indicated that wastewater treatment units were the major emission source affected to the environmental concentrations of 1,3 butadiene in the study area. Evaluation of the potential adverse health impact of this chemical revealed that there may be a potential carcinogenic risk from inhalation exposure of 1,3 butadiene. Therefore, an effort in controlling emission of 1,3 butadiene should be given the priority to effectively manage the level of this compound in the environment.
PRZEGLĄD TECHNIK DIAGNOSTYKI SKÓRY W OPARCIU O MODELE WIELOWARSTWOWE SKÓRY I SPEKTROFOTOMETRIĘ
Authors: Michalska Magdalena
Published: September 2021

Obecnie spektrofotometria jest obiecującym narzędziem do nieinwazyjnego badania właściwości optycznych ludzkiej skóry. Otrzymane podczas badania widma poddawane są wnikliwej analizie dzięki opracowanym przez wielu naukowców modeli. Opracowane modele wielowarstwowe mają na celu oddać najwierniej procesy zachodzące w skórze, jej warstwy i istotne elementy. Diagnozowanych jest wiele chorób skóry: bielactwo, naczyniaki, znamiona skórne, czerniak. Artykuł przedstawia przegląd ciekawych rozwiązań z użyciem spektrofotometrii w procesie diagnostyki chorób skóry.
DYNAMIC HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURE IDENTIFICATION USING SPIKING NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Kutsman Vladislav , Kolesnytskyj Oleh
Published: September 2021

The article proposes a method for dynamic signature identification based on a spiking neural network. Three dynamic signature parameters l(t), xy(t), p(t) are used, which are invariant to the signature slope angle, and after their normalization, also to the signature spatial and temporal scales. These dynamic parameters are fed to the spiking neural network for recognition simultaneously in the form of time series without preliminary transformation into a vector of static features, which, on the one hand, simplifies the method due to the absence of complex computational transformation procedures, and on the other hand, prevents the loss of useful information, and therefore increases the accuracy and reliability of signature identification and recognition (especially when recognizing forged signatures that are highly correlated with the genuine). The spiking neural network used has a simple training procedure, and not all neurons of the network are trained, but only the output ones. If it is necessary to add new signatures, it is not necessary to retrain the entire network as a whole, but it is enough to add several output neurons and learn only their connections. In the results of experimental studies of the software implementation of the proposed system, it’s EER = 3.9% was found when identifying skilled forgeries and EER = 0.17% when identifying random forgeries.
CUSTOMIZATION BASED ON CAD AUTOMATION IN PRODUCTION OF MEDICAL SCREWS BY 3D PRINTING
Authors: Bednarczuk Piotr
Published: September 2021

The paper presents a proposal of a complete CAD Automation solution enabling customization of the production of medical screws to individual patient requirements. The proposed approach using OLE technology enables the introduction of customization at the CAD project stage. The assembly of the surgical screw in the PLM system is generated by means of a specially developed application. The application communicates with the SolidEdge system using an API, taking into account 10 different input parameters. Three different types of medical screws have been developed in the application: the Herbert Screw, Cancellous Screw, and Malleolar Screw with three different thread types: rectangular, isosceles, and trapezoidal. The screws designed in this way can be manufactured using 3D printing techniques or CNC machining, and can be used for both humans and animals.
Immersion analysis during gameplay in VR and on a PC
Authors: Moniuszko Karol , Szymczyk Tomasz
Published: September 2021

This article concerns the study of immersion and human behavior while in a virtual reality (VR) world. It was compared with the behavior of participants during the traditional process of watching the image displayed on a LCD monitor. The study was conducted on the original test stand and the following vital signs were measured: pulse rate and stress. Additional data about the participants were collected by conducting a questionnaire concerning, among others, feelings and well-being during the game. The obtained results clearly show that VR gameplay provides much more emotions to the participants. It also makes them able to forget that they are in a virtual world regardless of whether they have used a VR generating device before or not. These results will determine the impact of immersion on gameplay appeal and player engagement.
Comparative analysis of the proprietary navigation system and the built-in Unity engine tool
Authors: Kempny Maciej , Barszcz Marcin
Published: September 2021

Navigation systems are advanced tools that allow you to create characters intelligently moving around the game world. The purpose of this thesis was to conduct a comparative analysis of the proprietary navigation system “AlchemyNavigation” and the built-in tool of the Unity engine - “NavMesh”. An proprietary application created with the Unity engine was used to conduct the research, under which identical scenarios based on the tested systems were implemented. Finally, on the basis of the collected results and documentation of the research objects, a comparative analysis was carried out and proved the thesis that own solutions can match the default solutions.
Analisis Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kepatuhan Pengunjung Warkop Pada Protokol Kesehatan Covid-19
Authors: Latif Abdul , Syafar Muhammad , Yusuf Andi , Asmi A.Syamsinar
Published: September 2021

Pendahuluan: warung kopi menjadi ikon masyarakat yang ada di kota-kota besar maupun kota yang berkembang untuk melakukan interaksi berupa pertemuan yang membincangkan hal yang serius maupun yang cuma bercanda dan menghabiskan waktu luang namun hal ini menjadi sangat berbahaya saat dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 karena bisa menjadi media penularan penyakit tersebut. Tujuan: mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengunjung warkop pada protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional (kuantitatif) dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Hasil; menunjukkan bahwa umur ρ= 0,556>0,05, pendidikan ρ=0,02<0,05, pengetahuan ρ=0,001<0,05, sikap ρ=0,461>0,05. Pesan informasi dari Satgas Covid-19 ρ=0,032<0,05. Kesimpulan; peningkatan pengetahuan tentang bahaya covid-19 harus lebih digalakkan oleh pihak Satgas Covid-19 dan pihak lainnya agar masyarakat tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan dimanapun berada utamanya di tempat umum seperti warkop
Real-Time Driver Drowsiness Detection using Computer Vision
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College, Bangalore (Karnataka), India., Jain Mahek , Bhagerathi Bhavya ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College, Bangalore (Karnataka), India., C N Dr. Sowmyarani ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Bengaluru (Karnataka), India.
Published: September 2021

The proposed system aims to lessen the number of accidents that occur due to drivers’ drowsiness and fatigue, which will in turn increase transportation safety. This is becoming a common reason for accidents in recent times. Several faces and body gestures are considered such as signs of drowsiness and fatigue in drivers, including tiredness in eyes and yawning. These features are an indication that the driver’s condition is improper. EAR (Eye Aspect Ratio) computes the ratio of distances between the horizontal and vertical eye landmarks which is required for detection of drowsiness. For the purpose of yawn detection, a YAWN value is calculated using the distance between the lower lip and the upper lip, and the distance will be compared against a threshold value. We have deployed an eSpeak module (text to speech synthesizer) which is used for giving appropriate voice alerts when the driver is feeling drowsy or is yawning. The proposed system is designed to decrease the rate of accidents and to contribute to the technology with the goal to prevent fatalities caused due to road accidents.
STUDY ON NEWER PSYCHIATRIC CASES VISITING OPD AFTER ONSET OF PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Mishra Krishna , Jain Priyash
Published: September 2021

Introduction : It is predicted by the experts that there will be a steep rise in the number of psychiatric cases post covid-19 pandemic. It is important
to gauge the situation of mental health in population to be able to provide mental health services in a better way.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the pandemic and other factors contingent to the pandemic on the mental health status
of general population.
Materials and method: The study was done over a period of 1 month after the lockdown. Study was done on 160 patients visiting Psychiatry OPD
th in Mental Hospital, Indore for the rst time. Patients were diagnosed using International classication of diseases- 10 edition.
Results: In our study we found that a majority of 45 of the 160 patients were suffering from Major Depressive Disorder followed by 24 patients of
160 suffering from nonorganic unspecied psychosis.
Conclusion: It is important to assess the number of psychiatry patients visiting OPD to be able to cater to the needs of general population. It is also
important to assess any role of psychosocial factors operating during pandemic being responsible for any rise in number of psychiatric cases.
TO STUDY CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RETICULOCYTE HAEMOGLOBIN CONTENT IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Authors: Kharche Jyoti Milind , Isa Patel Nilofer Bano
Published: September 2021

Background- Anemia is foremost health problem worldwide that need total elimination according to United Nation declaration 1997. Approximately 2 billion population suffer from iron deciency or anemia globally Worldwide (IDA) is the commonest form of nutritional anemia. 1 2 Various biochemical markers used for diagnosis of Iron deciency anemia are MCV, ferritin, transferrin saturation (TS) and serum iron . CHr 3 indicates availability of Iron for haemoglobin production in the bone marrow. Therefore, CHr has been proposed as marker of iron status in body 4 Several studies indicated that CHr measurement useful for IDA and reliable marker for monitoring iron therapy's efcacy and iron status in body. 5,6 7 that's why we needed this study to know the role of CHr in IDA. Our objectives were to evaluate the level of reticulocyte haemoglobin content in the diagnosis and treatment of iron deciency anemia Materials and Methods – A hospital based prospective study was undertaken at our tertiary care centre in the department of General Medicine, MGMs Medical College & Hospital Aurangabad on admitted patient , of patients with newly diagnosed and untreated Iron Deciency Anemia (mild-moderate) according to WHO criteria conrmed by iron studies were included. Results – In the study total 96 patients included amongst them 63.5 % were females and majority patients (35.5 %) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Reticulocyte Haemoglobin (CHr) showed a signicant positive correlation with haemoglobin (r=0.782; ), MCV (r=0.871; ), p<0.05 p<0.05 MCHC (r=0.685; ), MCH (r=0.879; ), serum iron (r=0.651; ), and % Saturation (r=0.702; ). CHr showed p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 p<0.05 signicant negative correlation with TIBC (r=-0.613; ) and Ferritin (r=-0.604; ). p<0.05 p<0.05 Conclusion – CHr is a useful parameter that can be condently used in the diagnosis of Iron deciency anemia (IDA) and a CHr cut-off value predicts IDA. Ferric carboxymaltose was usually well tolerated and had a good impact in the management of iron-deciency anemia. After iron replacement therapy CHr values increased correlated with haemoglobin and iron level. We cannot replace iron study but CHr can be used for early diagnosis of Iron deciency anemia and in management of iron deciency.
MATERNALAND PERINATAL OUTCOMES WITH COVID-19: A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE STUDY
Authors: Sinha Sweety , Sinha Anjana , Ankita Ankita
Published: September 2021

Background: With the exponential increase in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) worldwide, an
increasing proportion of pregnant women are now infected during their pregnancy. The knowledge gained from previous human coronavirus
outbreaks suggests that pregnant women and their fetuses are particularly susceptible to poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to summarize
the maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women infected with COVID-19 during their pregnancy.
Methods:Eligibility criteria included pregnant women positive for COVID-19 as detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: Atotal of 40 pregnant women positive for COVID-19 as conrmed by RT-PCR, were included in the study.
5% cases had preterm deliveries and LSCS was the preferred mode of delivery in 28 of 40 i.e., 70% cases. There was a tendency for low Apgar score
at birth, higher rates of fetal distress, meconium, NICU admissions. There was one IUD only in this study. The treatment patterns of COVID-19
infection among pregnant women during their pregnancy or following delivery was mostly supportive in the form of oxygen and antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions: Although the majority of mothers were discharged without any major complications, severe maternal morbidity as a result of
COVID-19 were reported. Vertical transmission of the COVID-19 could not be ruled out. Pregnant infected women had different symptoms, and
they were given mostly supportive treatments than the general infected population. Careful monitoring of pregnancies with COVID-19 and
measures to prevent neonatal infection are warranted.
AUTONOMOUS SURGERY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Shah Aarush
Published: September 2021

This paper provides a critical evaluation of the use of Articial Intelligence in laparoscopic surgery. It aims to evaluate and identify the feasibility of
implementing machine learning in existing surgical robots to perform autonomous surgery. More specically, it looks at whether a machine
learning algorithm, given a set of simple instructions, can perform a laparoscopic cholecystectomy autonomously. It evaluates the ability of such an
algorithm to identify various parts of the body during the surgery and whether it can follow short instructions step-by-step in an organised manner
to conduct the surgery. The paper also considers the feasibility of implementing such an algorithm in an existing surgical robot such as the da Vinci
Xi.
The paper begins by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of a robotic cholecystectomy. It looks at the various machines used for this
purpose and assesses their abilities and limitations. It then aims to identify which of these machines is most suitable for performing autonomous
surgery using machine learning. It then looks at the current use of autonomous surgery in the medical eld and its implementation to date. It
evaluates which algorithms are suitable for this purpose and to what extent they can function. Finally, it gives the limitations of this method and the
unexplored factors of this research
AN EDUCATIONAL STUDY OF PROMOTION OF SAFE AND HYGIENIC MENSTRUAL PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN AND ADOLESCENT GIRLS OF RURAL MADHYA PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Tyagi Asha Ram , Kumar Rahul Kewal , Tyagi Abhinav
Published: September 2021

Introduction : 1, 2 Menstruation is a monthly periodic shedding of uterine lining in reproductive age females. Safe and hygienic menstrual practices and proper disposal of menstrual material is a big challenge in rural areas. To deal with the issue and to raise awareness about the proper hygienic practices an educational intervention program was conducted among the women and adolescent girls in the rural area of Jabalpur district madhya pradesh. Materials & Methods : Cross-sectional and educational intervention study was conducted among 150 female participants. Information was collected through pre and post surveys after an educational programme with audio-visual aids, posters, pamphlets and small group meetings, in three months' duration. Results : Among 150 female participants only 20% were aware of hygienic menstrual practices. After educational intervention, post survey, 24% more participants adopted the use of sanitary pads during menstruation while use of clothes was reduced. More number of participants adopted the practice of burning and burying for disposal of used menstrual materials. 21.33% more females adopted practicing hand washing after changing menstrual materials in a post survey. Conclusion : After educational intervention for the promotion of awareness and hygienic practices, the number of females increased to adopt the use of sanitary pads during menstruation. Number also increased in safe methods of disposal of used menstrual materials. Practice of hand washing after change of menstrual materials was also increased among participants. Less number of participants reported genito-urinary infections. Thus this study suggests the need of educational awareness for promotion of good menstrual hygiene and safe practices, which are crucial for health, 1 education and dignity of girls and women.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE SEROPREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B AND ANTI HBS ANTIBODY LEVELS AMONGST HEALTH CARE WORKERS AND MEDICAL STUDENTS.
Authors: Rana Aditya , Sood Anuradha
Published: September 2021

Background: Hepatitis B(HBV) is a blood borne virus and it is one of the most important occupational hazards among healthcare workers
(HCWs) & Medical students. This study aimed to measure the anti-HBs titres and to assess the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B in HCW and medical
students. It was a prospective,descriptive and cross sectional hospital base Material and method: d study. Medical students and healthcare
workers who had received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccination were included in the study. A total of 200 subjects , aged between 18 and Result:
62 years were taken. 182 were vaccinated and 18 were unvaccinated. 85 were males and 115 females. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B was nil.
Antibody titres were >100mIU/ml in 51.6% , 10-100mIU/ml in 16.4% & <10 mIU/ml in 31.8% respectively.Negative correlation of decreasing
antibiotic titer and age was seen. HCW and medical students are at hi Conclusion: gher risk due to their continuous exposure to blood products.
Vaccination should be compulsory to the HCW and medical workers in the institution as Hepatitis B is a preventable disease. Monitoring of
antibody titers should be done from time to time to see waning off antibody titers after vaccination
KNOWLEDGE OF HEALTH FUNCTIONARIES REGARDING NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES: FINDINGS OF A STUDY FROM NORTH INDIA
Authors: Vijna Vijna , Mishra C. P.
Published: September 2021

National Programme for prevention and control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases and stroke (NPCDCS) envisaged prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) through behavioural change. It aimed at capacity building at various level of health care for primordial prevention, early diagnosis, IEC, BCC etc. Necessary induction training was imparted to health functionaries. Regular monitoring and review of the knowledge of different health functionaries is an integral part of programme. With this background, this study was carried to assess the knowledge of health functionaries about NCDs (general and individual), their behavioral as well as intermediate risk factors and programmatic issues of NPCDCS. Knowledge of 8 Medical ofcers (Allopathic/AYUSH), 18 Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs) and 15 Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) were assessed in these areas through predesigned and pretested proforma. There existed gap in the knowledge of medical ofcers, ANMs and ASHAs. In some areas their knowledge was satisfactory however, in majority of areas this was not up to the mark e.g., cut off for normal random blood sugar was known to All MOs, ANMs and 33.3% ASHAs [Z=5.55, p< 0.01]. There is need and scope for improving knowledge of health functionaries through focused capacity building initiative and overcoming barriers to promote health functionaries to take up NCD prevention in community
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CLOSURE VERSUS NON-CLOSURE OF PERITONEUM DURING CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Kumari Anamika , Tapasvi Isha , Kaur Sarvjeet
Published: September 2021

AIMS : To assess the short term outcome of closure versus non-closure of both visceral and parietal peritoneum during caesarean section on basis
of Duration of surgery (to compare operative time in both groups),Post-operative pain,Use of analgesics,Return of bowel movements and Postoperative febrile episodes
STUDY SETTING: This study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital,
Faridkot.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a randomized controlled trial of over 300 patients consisting of 2 groups. Group 1 undergoing closure of peritoneum
(control group) and Group 2 with non-closure of peritoneum (study group). The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.
Methods and Material: Atotal of 300 cases undergoing emergency or elective lower segment caesarean section were recruited for the study . The
study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. After a detailed history, general physical examination, obstetric examination and
routine investigations, informed consent was taken from each patient for participation in the study. Group allocation was done using Microsoft
excel where randomization was done using serial number of patients prior to commencement of the study and the women were randomly allocated
to one of the two groups (closure or non-closure group 150 in each) .
Results: In the present study, mean age of the patients of the closure group and non-closure group was 29.2 years and 28.1 years respectively. Mean
duration of procedure among patients of the closure group and non-closure group was 39.69 minutes and 32.26 minutes respectively.Among the
patients of the closure group, mean VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) at immediate postoperative period, at postoperative 6 hours, postoperative 12
hours and postoperative 24 hours was found to be 4.8, 6.33, 4.61 and 3.86 respectively. In the present study, 8 percent of the patients of the nonclosure group while 10.4 percent of the patients of the closure group had incidence of postoperative febrile episode . Mean time for returning of
bowel movements for the patients of the closure group and non-closure group was 1.72 days and 1.49 days respectively. Mean duration of hospital
stay among the patients of the closure group and non-closure group was 2.3 days and 2.06 days respectively . Postoperative wound infection was
present in 1.6 percent of the patients of the closure group and 1.6 percent of the patients of the non-closure group. Postoperative wound dehiscence
was present in 0.8 percent of the patients of 55 the closure group and 0.8 percent of the patients of the non-closure group .
Conclusions: Avoiding the closure of visceral and parietal peritoneum at caesarean delivery is associated with lesser operating time, decreased
incidence of febrile morbidity and lesser need for postoperative analgesics. Hence , routine closure of peritoneum at caesarean section can be
avoided.
STUDY OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERNS IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN IN GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAMMU (INDIA).
Authors: Sharma Sanjay , Sharma Rashmi , Ahmed Mushtaq , Gilani Zahid
Published: September 2021

Background: There is a paucity of literature regarding rational prescribing practices especially during postnatal
period.It was found worthwhile to assess the drug utilization patterns during postpartum period.It is known fact that the
drugs prescribed during postnatal period have significant impact on the health of both mother and child. Material and
Methods:A total of 1300 prescriptions of the patients which include 552 caesarian sections (cs) and 748 pervaginal (pv)
delivery were randomly selected and studied. Results:It was recorded that the average number of drugs prescribed
per prescription were 6.01 in cs patients and 10.95 in pv delivery group.The most commonly drugs that were prescribed
were Antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, nutritional supplements (iron, calcium, multivitamins), H2
blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).In addition the other drugs included were oxytocin,prostaglandins,uetrine
relaxants,antihyperttensives,bronchodilators,benzodiazepines,antifungal agents and antiepileptics.It was also found
that 36.88%,16.75%,80.71% and 6.33% drugs prescribed were fixed dose combinations,generics,essential drugs and
off label respectively in cs patients.Whereas, 42.96%, 13.23%, 78.81% and 8.2% drugs prescribed were fixed dose
combinations, generic, essential drugs and off label respectively in pv patients. Conclusion: The results of this study
reveals that there is need for educating prescribers regarding rational prescribing practices, especially during
postnatal period when health of both infant and mother is at stake.
A SINGLE BLIND RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL ON EFFECTIVENESS OF RUBIA
TINCTORUM Q IN ANAEMIA AMONG COLLEGE GOING FEMALE STUDENTS OF SEMI URBAN AREAS IN SANGAREDDY
Authors: JS Sreevidhya , Chandini Reethu
Published: September 2021

Anaemia is a condition of having a lower-than-normal number of red blood cells or quantity of hemoglobin. Anaemia
diminishes the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen. Patients with anaemia may feel tired, fatigue easily, appear pale,
develop palpitations,and become short of breath.Rubia tinctorum mother tincture is a homeopathic mother tincture that
is indicated for the treatment of anaemia and undernourished conditions. Rubia tinctorum mother tincture, has been
found to be effective in treating anaemia, kidney and bladder calculi.This project, help to know the efficacy of Rubia
tinctorum mother tincture in treating anaemia.
A Theory for Electromagnetic Radiation and Electromagnetic Coupling
Authors: Xiao Gaobiao
Published: September 2021

I have made some revisions according to the advices of other researchers and submitted a new version of the theory (v4). I also have added a supplementary material for the the new version, including some detailed explanations and derivations.

In the proposed theory, the total electromagnetic energy of a radiator is separated into three parts: a Coulomb-velocity energy, a radiative energy, and a macroscopic Schott energy. The Coulomb-velocity energy is considered to be attached to the sources as the same in the charged particle theory. It becomes zero as soon as its sources have disappeared. The radiative energy leaves the radiator and propagates to the surrounding space. The macroscopic Schott energy continues to exist for a short time after the sources have disappeared. It is a kind of oscillating energy and is considered to be responsible for energy exchange between the reactive energy and the radiative energy, performing like the Schott energy in the charged particle theory. As the Poynting vector describes the total power flux density related to the total electromagnetic energy, it should include the contributions of the real radiative power and a pseudo power flow caused by the fluctuation of the reactive energy. The energies involved in the electromagnetic mutual coupling are interpreted in a similar way. In the theory, all energies are defined with explicit expressions in which the vector potential plays an important role. The time domain formulation and the frequency domain formulation of the theory are in consistent with each other. The theory is also verified with Hertzian dipole. Numerical examples demonstrate that the theory may provide insightful interpretation for electromagnetic radiation and mutual coupling problems.
ДИНАМІЧНЕ З’ЄДНАННЯ ФОТОЕЛЕМЕНТІВ В СОНЯЧНИХ ПАНЕЛЯХ
Authors: Бондаренко Д.В.
Published: September 2021

Метою даної роботи є дослідження принципів динамічного з’єднання фотоелементів в сонячних панелях. У роботі показано переваги використання таких з’єднань, оскільки розвиток техніки потребує живлення пристроїв з різними напругами та струмами. Відмічено, що динамічні з’єднання можуть формувати довільну топологію ланцюгів генерування електричної енергії шляхом зміни з’єднань з послідовних на паралельні і навпаки. Також відмічено, що є можливість динамічної зміни параметрів безпосередньо при експлуатації системи. Відзначено, що для динамічної коммутації паралельних і послідовних з’єднань потрібно три елементи електричного кола, показно елементарне коло динамічних з’єднань, та коло для динамічної зміни полярності вихідної напруги сонячної панелі. Побудована базова схема динамічної комутації фотоелементів в сонячній панелі з використанням польових транзисторів. Запропоновано шляхи вирішення проблем, які пов’язані з паралельним з’єднанням та паразитними елементами. Розглянуто використання двох, з‘єднаних на зустріч, MOSFET-транзисторів для динамічної комутації. Відмічено, що для керування таким колом доцільно використовувати програмовані логічні контролери, які можуть керувати коммутацією з використанням зазделегідь завантаженої мікропрограми та є гнучкими в оперативному керуванні і мають додаткові функції моніторингу та зв’язку з віддаленими пристроями. На прикладі чотирьох фотоелементів показана конструкція сонячної панелі з динамічними з’єднаннями фотоелементів і використанням SMD-транзисторів та керуванням за допомогою контролера. Відмічено, що в такій конструкції всі елементи можуть бути максимально інтегрованими. Наголошено, що застосування динамічної комутації також є кроком до формування змінного струму різної форми. Відмічено певні обмеження запропонованої системи, зокрема кратність кількості фотоелементів в панелях, та намічено її подальший розвиток. Бібл. 14, рис. 5.
АНАЛІЗ СТАТИЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ВІДЦЕНТРОВОГО РЕГУЛЯТОРА РОТОРА ВІТРОУСТАНОВКИ ПРИ ФЛЮГЕРНОМУ РЕГУЛЮВАННІ
Authors: Головко В.М. , Коханєвич В.П. , Шихайлов М.О. , Марченко Н.В.
Published: September 2021

Надійність, відносна простота конструкції та невисока собівартість відцентрових регуляторів сприяла їх широкому використанню в різноманітних пристроях у різних галузях машинобудування та приладобудування. Використання цих регуляторів у вітроустановках малої потужності дозволяє спростити конструкцію установки та забезпечити її надійну роботу в період експлуатації. Теоретичні положення та вироблені на їх основі практичні рекомендації для проєктування регуляторів цього типу постійно удосконалюються. Сучасні тенденції виготовлення лопаті направлені на максимальне наближення реального профілю лопаті до розрахункового, тобто розширення лопаті від кінця до комеля до 1:4 і закруту до 30°. Відповідно виникає необхідність урахування кута між хордою лопаті та її вектором моменту інерції, що і було враховано при розробленні удосконаленої математичної моделі відцентрового регулятора ротора вітроустановки при флюгерному регулюванні в Інституті відновлюваної енергетики.
В ряді робіт був проведений аналіз впливу параметрів відцентрового регулятора на його статичні характеристики. В даній роботі аналогічний аналіз проведений для удосконаленої математичної моделі, відповідно з урахуванням кута між хордою лопаті та її вектором моменту інерції, також проведено порівняння отриманих результатів з результатами, отриманими за попередніми математичними моделями. Аналіз статичних характеристик відцентрового регулятора при різних кутах між хордою лопаті та вектором моменту інерції лопаті показав, що при кутах до 5°, тобто в лопатях з незначним закрутом, відхилення статичних характеристик є незначним, але з його збільшенням відхилення між характеристиками зростає. Так при діапазоні регулювання 40° різниця за величиною відхилення обертів ротора для кута закруту лопаті 20° становитиме до 50 %. Також, якщо не враховувати кут між хордою лопаті та її вектором моменту інерції при налаштуванні відцентрового регулятора на номінальні оберти ротора, це призводить до зниження ефективності роботи ротора. Так, відхилення від номінальних обертів регулятора і, відповідно, ротора без урахування закруту лопаті в 10° становитиме 17 % у порівнянні з лопаттю, що не має закруту. Бібл. 10, рис. 10.
ANTIBIOTIC-RE¬¬SISTANT MOTILE AEROMONADS ASSOCIATED WITH CULTURED INDIAN MAJOR CARPS, POND WATER AND POND SEDIMENT
Authors: Bardhan Avishek , Thangapalam T Jawahar Abraham , Qureshi Qurratul Ain , Chakraborty Ratul
Published: September 2021

The uproar in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the aquacultured environment has led to the isolation of multiple antibiotic-resistant (MAR) Aeromonas strains. The current study aimed at the enumeration of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas in carps of aquacultured environment and market samples. Isolation of Aeromonas was also done in Rimler-Shotts agar supplemented with novobiocin followed by antibiotic-sensitivity assay against 12 broad-spectrum antibiotics. Five oxytetracycline-resistant strains were examined for the presence of three tetracycline-resistant genes (tetA, tetC and tetE). The presumptive Aeromonas counts on starch-ampicillin agar were determined as log 3.00-log 6.45/g in carps, log 3.00l-log 5.06/ml in pond water and log 3.30–log 5.14/g in pond sediment. Higher proportions of motile aeromonads from market carps were resistant to chloramphenicol, cefalexin, gentamycin, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim than the farmed carps. Aeromonas strains depicted 57 resistant profiles. About 88.43% of the Aeromonas strains were of the MAR group among which 12.15% and 4.67% were resistant to ≥6 and ≥7 antibiotic groups, respectively. Selected oxytetracycline-resistant strains were negative for targeted genes. The current study implied the high prevalence of AMR bacteria in cultured carps in West Bengal, India. Furthermore, the study indicated that motile aeromonads comprise an effective marker for monitoring AMR in freshwater aquatic environments.
Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Atamas O. V. , Antonyuk M. V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity, disability and mortality in modern society. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the most common comorbid pathology that worsens the quality of life and prospective prognosis of patients.

Aim. The literature review is focused on postoperative outcomes of patients with COPD undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG).

Results. The review presents national and international data the prevalence of COPD in patients having CABG. The issues of risk stratification of comorbid patients in cardiac surgery are considered. It is shown that patients with CAD in combination with COPD are more at risk of various complications after CABG. COPD increases the chances of a complicated course of the in-hospital period by 2.1 times and risk of death in the long-term period after CAPG by 1.8 times. Patients with COPD are at a higher risk of developing postoperative pneumonia, respiratory failure, stroke, kidney failure, and wound infection of the sternum. Long-term 5-year and 10-year survival after CABG is lower in patients with COPD. The longterm adverse prognosis depends on the severity of the bronchial obstruction. Achievements in the field of cardiac surgery have had a significant impact on the results of surgical interventions in the comorbid course of CAD and COPD. Intensive pulmonary rehabilitation after surgery and effective drug therapy can improve the outcomes after CABG in patients with COPD. Hybrid coronary revascularization and minimally invasive coronary surgery appear to be viable alternatives to conventional CABG, offering a less invasive approach to coronary revascularization, which may be especially beneficial to high-risk patients with COPD.
Current opportunities and prospects of confocal laser scanning microscopy in morphological research (review)
Authors: Dorofienko N. N. , Аndrievskaya I. А. , Udovichenko О. A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction.The review discloses the results of scientific works related to a modern high-tech method for conducting morphological studies in biology and medicine – confocal laser scanning microscopy. This method, in combination with immunofluorescence histochemistry, can be used in a variety of studies: from rapid visualization of dynamic processes in living cells to thorough morphological analysis of tissues, spatial distribution of macromolecules in fixed or living cells, automatic collection of three-dimensional data, visualization of several labeled samples and measurement of physiological processes in living cells and tissues of organs.

Aim.To determine the current possibilities and prospects of confocal laser scanning microscopy in morphological studies.

Results.When analyzing scientific literature data, the opportunities and prospects of using confocal laser scanning microscopy in biomedical and morphological studies are presented. The use of the confocal diagnostic method in gynecology, molecular biology, endocrinology, endoscopy is shown. Particular attention is paid to the application of this research method in embryology. In addition, information about the role of confocal microscopy in the study of microbial pathogenesis in a three-dimensional context is provided. Data on the history, basic principles, technical innovations and advantages of confocal laser scanning microscopy are presented.

Conclusion.The study of modern scientific literature has shown the importance of using confocal laser scanning microscopy in modern scientific research and diagnosis of diseases in a clinical setting, which will allow to take a new look at some aspects in modern morphology and medicine.