bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photoisomerization transition state manipulation by entangled two-photon absorption
Authors: Gu Bing , Keefer Daniel , Aleotti Flavia , Nenov Artur , Garavelli Marco , Mukamel Shaul
Published: November 2021

Significance

Entangled two-photon absorption has attracted considerable interest due to its potential applications for low–photon flux spectroscopy and microscopy. The entanglement parameters in the twin-photon state can be exploited to control two-photon excitation processes. Here we demonstrate that photon entanglement provides a powerful novel control knob for the nuclear wave packets in an optically dark electronic state. We show that the transition states in the trans–cis photoisomerization of azobenzene, initiated by an entangled two-photon absorption process, can be manipulated significantly by entangled light. These effects can be monitored experimentally by coherent stimulated X-ray Raman signals which reveal electronic coherences during the passage through conical intersections.
On the impact of lattice parameter accuracy of atomistic simulations on the microstructure of Ni–Ti shape memory alloys
Authors: La Rosa L , Maresca F
Published: November 2021

Ni–Ti is a key shape-memory alloy (SMA) system for applications, being cheap and having good mechanical properties. Recently, atomistic simulations of Ni–Ti SMAs have been used with the purpose of revealing the nano-scale mechanisms that control superelasticity and the shape-memory effect (SME), which is crucial to guide alloying or processing strategies to improve materials performance. These atomistic simulations are based on molecular dynamics (MD) modelling that relies on (empirical) interatomic potentials (IAPs). These simulations must reproduce accurately the mechanism of martensitic transformation and the microstructure that it originates, since this controls both superelasticity and the SME. As demonstrated by the energy minimization theory of martensitic transformations (Ball and James (1987 Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal.
100 13–52)), the microstructure of martensite depends on the lattice parameters of the austenite and the martensite phases. Here, we compute the bounds of possible microstructural variations based on the experimental variations/uncertainties in the lattice parameter measurements. We show that both density functional theory and MD lattice parameters are typically outside the experimental range, and that seemingly small deviations from this range induce large deviations from the experimental bounds of the microstructural predictions, with notable cases where unphysical microstructures are predicted to form. Therefore, our work points to a strategy for benchmarking and selecting IAPs for atomistic modelling of SMAs, which is crucial to modelling the development of martensitic microstructures and their impact on the SME.
Surface effects in a capacitive argon discharge in the intermediate pressure regime
Authors: Gudmundsson J T , Krek Janez , Wen De-Qi , Kawamura E , Lieberman M A
Published: November 2021

One-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collisional simulations are performed on a capacitive 2.54 cm gap, 1.6 Torr argon discharge driven by a sinusoidal rf current density amplitude of 50 A m−2 at 13.56 MHz. The excited argon states (metastable levels, resonance levels, and the 4p manifold) are modeled self-consistently with the particle dynamics as space- and time-varying fluids. Four cases are examined, including and neglecting excited states, and using either a fixed or energy-dependent secondary electron emission yield due to ion and/or neutral impact on the electrodes. The results for all cases show that most of the ionization occurs near the plasma-sheath interfaces, with little ionization within the plasma bulk region. Without excited states, secondary electrons emitted from the electrodes are found to play a strong role in the ionization process. When the excited states, and secondary electron emission due to neutral and ion impact on the electrodes are included in the discharge model, the discharge operation transitions from α-mode to γ-mode, in which nearly all the ionization is due to secondary electrons. Secondary electron production due to the bombardment of excited argon atoms was approximately14.7 times greater than that due to ion bombardment. Electron impact of ground state argon atoms by secondary electrons contributes about 76% of the total ionization; primary electrons, about 11%; metastable Penning ionization, about 13%; and multi-step ionization, about 0.3%.
AC losses of Roebel and CORC® cables at higher AC magnetic fields and ramp rates
Authors: Sumption M D , Murphy J P , Haugan T , Majoros M , van der Laan D C , Long N , Collings E W
Published: November 2021

We have measured ReBCO coated conductor-based conductor on round core (CORC®) and Roebel cables at 77 K in a spinning magnet calorimeter, which subjected the tapes in the samples to a radial magnetic field of 566 mT (peak) at frequencies up to 120 Hz (272 T s−1, cyclic average) with an approximately sinusoidal waveform. The samples were oriented such that the field applied to the tapes within the cables was entirely radial, simplifying subsequent analysis. An expression for loss which included hysteretic, flux creep and eddy current losses was fit to both the CORC® and the Roebel cables. This expression allowed easy comparison of the relative influence of eddy currents and flux creep (or power-law behavior) effects. The loss of both the CORC
®
and Roebel cables measured here were seen to be essentially the sum of the hysteretic loss, flux creep effects, and the normal metal eddy current losses of the individual tapes. The losses of these cables were measured at high B × dB/dt with no coupling current loss observed under the present preparation conditions. The influence of flux creep effects on loss were not negligible. The losses of the CORC® cable per meter of tape were seen to be reduced from the case of a flat tape because of the helical geometry of the tapes.
On the structural stability of phase-coded quantum cryptography against detector-blinding attacks
Authors: Molotkov S N
Published: November 2021

Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems are open systems. Thus, an eavesdropper can actively influence the elements of the system through the communication line, altering their regular operation. One known attack is an attack with detector blinding. With such an attack, the eavesdropper can obtain the entire key and remain undetectable. The paper proposes a fundamentally new method of detecting and protecting quantum cryptography systems with phase coding against the attack with avalanche detector blinding. The proposed method is based on diverting a part of the input signal in the receiving terminal to bypass the interferometer and deliver it to the same avalanche detectors. Measuring the detector response in different time windows, both for the bypassed signal and the normal operation range, one can effectively identify the ongoing detector blinding attack. The method does not require radical changes in existing quantum cryptography systems and is quite universal, since it can be used for any phase-coded quantum key distribution protocol. The method provides a fundamental strategy of detecting and protecting against the attack at the level of the quantum key distribution protocol, and not at the level of technical ‘patches’.
Mismatching as a tool to enhance algorithmic performances of Monte Carlo methods for the planted clique model
Authors: Angelini Maria Chiara , Fachin Paolo , de Feo Simone
Published: November 2021

Over-parametrization was a crucial ingredient for recent developments in inference and machine-learning fields. However a good theory explaining this success is still lacking. In this paper we study a very simple case of mismatched over-parametrized algorithm applied to one of the most studied inference problem: the planted clique problem. We analyze a Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm in the same class of the famous Jerrum algorithm. We show how this MC algorithm is in general suboptimal for the recovery of the planted clique. We show however how to enhance its performances by adding a (mismatched) parameter: the temperature; we numerically find that this over-parametrized version of the algorithm can reach the supposed algorithmic threshold for the planted clique problem.
Quantification of the suitable rooftop area for solar panel installation from overhead imagery using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Castello Roberto , Walch Alina , Attias Raphaël , Cadei Riccardo , Jiang Shasha , Scartezzini Jean-Louis
Published: November 2021

The integration of solar technology in the built environment is realized mainly through rooftop-installed panels. In this paper, we leverage state-of-the-art Machine Learning and computer vision techniques applied on overhead images to provide a geo-localization of the available rooftop surfaces for solar panel installation. We further exploit a 3D building database to associate them to the corresponding roof geometries by means of a geospatial post-processing approach. The stand-alone Convolutional Neural Network used to segment suitable rooftop areas reaches an intersection over union of 64% and an accuracy of 93%, while a post-processing step using building database improves the rejection of false positives. The model is applied to a case study area in the canton of Geneva and the results are compared with another recent method used in the literature to derive the realistic available area.
Statistical analysis of 200 digital twins for thermal load of Swiss buildings created from smart grid monitoring data
Authors: Melillo Andreas , Linder Esther , Barahona Braulio , Schuetz Philipp
Published: November 2021

Exploiting thermal inertia of buildings as flexibility for the electric grid requires information about thermal dynamics in the system. The presented paper proposes a new method to create digital twins based on smart meter monitoring data and has been applied to 200 Swiss residential buildings. The statistical analysis of these heat pump based heating systems shows expected distributions of key parameters such as heat losses, solar gain factors and thermal capacities. Regional comparisons for crucial building parameters have been carried out and the remote identification of potential renovation candidates has shown promising results.
A comparative analysis of patterns of electricity use and flexibility potential of domestic and non-domestic building archetypes through data mining techniques
Authors: Yilmaz Selin , Chambers Jonathan , Li Xiang , Patel Martin K.
Published: November 2021

The large-scale deployment of smart meters has led to significant amount of electricity demand data available, driving it into the realm of Big Data. It is a major challenge to exploit this Big Data in order to characterise electricity use patterns and to support demand response policies. In this paper, we perform a featured-based cluster analysis on nine building archetypes (hospitals, schools, offices, hotels, flats, houses etc.) to identify electricity use patterns. Then, four metrics are developed, which are entropy, load curviness, peak intensity and index of hourly ramp rates, to measure these archetypes’ suitability to be involved in demand response schemes. A significant difference in electricity use patterns between the archetypes is found, as well as among the seasons and days of the week. We present a number of metrics for each archetype to establish which type of archetype should be prioritised for demand response programmes in terms of peak management, ramp rates as well as demand flexibility. A key finding of our study is that households offer more demand flexibility than the non-domestic sector and should therefore be incentivized to participate in dynamic electricity tariffs.
Towards an intelligent HVAC system automation using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Schreiber T , Schwartz A , Muller D
Published: November 2021

HVAC systems are among the biggest energy consumers in buildings and therefore in the focus of optimal control research. In practice, rule-based control and PID controllers are typically used and implemented at the beginning of the building operation. Since this approach neither guarantees optimal or even good control, optimal control algorithms (which can be predictive and adaptive) are in the focus of research. The problem with most of the approaches is that a model of the system is often needed which comes with high engineering efforts. Further, the required computing power can quickly exceed the capacities, even in modern buildings. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the application of a state-of-the-art Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm, as a self-calibrating valve controller for two water-air heat exchangers of a real-world air handling unit. We choose a generic problem formulation to pre-train the algorithm with a simulation of an admixing heater and use it to control an injection heater and a throttle cooler. Our results show that after only 70 hours, the control quality significantly increases. Therefore, it seems evident that with pre-trained RL algorithms, a self-improving HVAC automation can be realized with little hardware requirements and without extensive modelling of the system dynamics.
CFD model to assess parameters influencing piston wind in a subway tunnel and station
Authors: Faugier Loreline , Marinus Benoît G. , Bosschaerts Walter , Laboureur Delphine , Limam Karim
Published: November 2021

Quantifying the train-induced wind affecting the climate of subway stations can be applied to improve underground networks air quality. In this paper, numerical simulations of train-induced airflow in a subway station are performed, using a CFD model with dynamic meshing techniques. A preliminary study is done in a double-track tunnel with blockage ratios of 0.30, 0.37 and 0.46 with a train running at constant speed in the order of 10 m/s. The tunnel length necessary to obtain a stable flow around the train body is determined, and this upstream tunnel length is included in a subway station model. Two different architectures and three train speeds are simulated, and the effect of these configurations on the station airflow is evaluated through the air velocity and the mass flow rate at a location on the platform. The results evidence an increase in air circulation with blockage ratio and train speed.
Influence of scale on the daylighting system evaluation in physical models: Experimental method based on objective and subjective measurements
Authors: Daich Safa , Saadi Mohamed Yacine , Piga Barbara E.A , Daiche Ahmed Motie
Published: November 2021

The daylight evaluation in architectural spaces can be carried out using several tools and methods of investigation and analysis. However, many types of research have proven the usefulness of the scale models to evaluate daylighting system performances in buildings. Several scales of a physical model have been used varying between (1:50) and real scale (1:1), and no comparative study has been done to evaluate the effect of the model size in daylighting assessment. The objective of this investigation is to make a comparison between two different scales of a physical model: the first one is a model with a scale of (1:12) while the second is with the scale of (1: 4), aiming to study the scale effects on daylight perception with models equipped with a daylighting system under very high exterior illuminance levels. The methodology of this study consists in collecting simultaneously the measurement of the exterior and interior illuminance level (lux) and subjective evaluations from a questionnaire survey with the two scale models (1:4 and 1:12) under real sky conditions. A correlation between collected data has been explored. Comparing the measurement results, it is obvious that the quantity of light that penetrates the test models (1:4 and 1:12) was the same. The results are with a range of ±1.6%. Moreover, survey results show that the participants’ perceptions regarding satisfaction, light distribution and glare questions differ with the scale of the physical 3D model. The subjects felt more satisfied with the luminous atmosphere with the physical model of (1:4) compared with the model of (1:12).
Review of spectral lighting simulation tools for non-image- forming effects of light
Authors: Gkaintatzi-Masouti M , van Duijnhoven J , Aarts M P J
Published: November 2021

Light via our eyes influences visual performance, visual comfort and visual experience, but also affects several health related, non-image-forming (NIF) responses. New metrics have been developed to quantify the NIF effects of light. In order to incorporate these in lighting design practice, simulation tools are required that are able to process information about the spectral distribution of light sources and materials. However, most of the tools currently used for daylight and electric light simulations simplify the spectrum into RGB (Red, Green, Blue) colour values. This paper presents an overview of the currently used programs for simulating the NIF effects of light in building design and discusses the possibility of using existing spectral rendering software as an alternative. A review of literature shows that mostly Radiance or Radiance-based programs have been used so far, but new user-friendly tools could employ existing spectral rendering tools. As the NIF effects of light gain greater importance in lighting design, new simulation workflows are needed. This paper aims to support the development of future workflows by presenting the current state-of-the-art.
Towards climate resilient residential buildings: learning from traditional typologies
Authors: Mohaibesh D , Monna S , Qadi H , Sokkar R
Published: November 2021

Climate-resilient buildings in Palestine can play an important role in a more sustainable residential building sector. This paper aims at evaluating the effects of adopting architectural design strategies and material technologies from vernacular architecture to create a new climate-resilient building. The paper targets single houses as these represent the majority of residential buildings in suburban and rural areas, and are similar to the vernacular architecture in size and functionality. The EDSL Tas simulation tool was used to assess the thermal performance and energy savings in the proposed model compared with traditional houses and modern typical houses, in two different climatic zones. The proposed climate-resilient house has materials and design strategies derived from vernacular architecture, in addition to the use of thermal insulation. The results show that the proposed house is more climate-resilient compared to modern houses. In cold winter and hot summer climates, the proposed model presents a total annual heating and cooling energy consumption of 59% less than typical modern houses, and 5% more than old buildings. In hot arid summer and warm winter climates, the proposed house presents a total annual heating and cooling energy consumption of 58% less than a modern typical house and 8% more than the traditional house.
Comparing Metrics for Scenario-based Robustness Assessment of Building Performance
Authors: Walker Linus , Kuhn Alexandra , Hischier Illias , Schlueter Arno
Published: November 2021

To decrease greenhouse gas emissions of the Swiss building stock, effective retrofit strategies are necessary. Due to the long-term operation of buildings, future developments and uncertainties need to be considered, which calls for assessing the robustness of retrofit decisions. Existing studies propose robustness metrics for decisions under deep uncertainty to be coupled with a scenario-based simulation approach. We review these metrics and present a simulation approach that includes current and future operational energy, emissions, and costs. We apply the seven identified metrics to retrofit decisions of a multifamily house located in Zurich, where future scenarios in terms of climate, occupancy, decarbonization, and cost development are included. The metrics are based on different assumptions and positions towards risk. We further find that the discriminatory power is different, confirming the Minimax Regret metric to be most suitable for the building context when looking at individual buildings. For the case study, we find that deep retrofit seems to be a robust decision from an environmental perspective. From a cost perspective, the electrification of the heating system with heat pumps and the installation of PV without a complete envelope retrofit proves to be most robust.
Parametric design of an additively manufactured building facade for bespoke response to solar radiation
Authors: Seshadri Bharath , Cheibas Ina , Leschok Matthias , Piccioni Valeria , Hischier Illias , Schlüter Arno
Published: November 2021

The building construction industry is adapting Additive Manufacturing (AM) and robotic fabrication techniques to, among other efficiency and cost benefits, reduce the lifecycle Green House Gas (GHG) emissions of new buildings. This research aims to fabricate a low- GHG emission façade by encoding environmental performance using a combination of material selection, AM techniques, and bespoke geometry. This paper presents the design methodology, specifically the response to solar radiation (i.e. shading and daylight transmission). The key contribution of this publication is establishing the digital fabrication process of AM facades: beginning with performative parametric design, using empirical Bi-directional Scattering Distribution Function (BSDF) data of AM thermoplastic elements for daylight simulation to assess performance, and finally optimising the topology for a specific context (location and orientation).
Relic gravitational waves in cosmological models based on the modified gravity theories
Authors: Fomin I V , Chervon S V
Published: November 2021

We consider cosmological models based on the generalized scalar-tensor gravity, which correspond to the observational constraints on the parameters of cosmological perturbations for any model’s parameters. The estimates of the energy density of relic gravitational waves for such a cosmological models were made. The possibility of direct detection of such a gravitational waves using modern and prospective methods was discussed as well.
The field-theoretical methods in Lovelock gravity
Authors: Petrov A N
Published: November 2021

The field-theoretical methods are used to construct conserved currents and related superpotentials for perturbations on arbitrary backgrounds in the Lovelock gravity. The perturbations are considered as a dynamic field configuration propagating in a given spacetime. The field-theoretical formalism is exact (without approximations) and equivalent to the original metric theory. As Lagrangian based formalism, it allows us to apply the Noether theorem. As a result, we construct conserved currents and superpotentials, where we use arbitrary displacement vectors, not only the Killing ones or other special vectors. The developed formalism is checked in calculating mass of the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole. The new formalism is adopted to the case of a so-called pure Lovelock gravity, where in the Lagrangian only a one polynomial in Riemannian tensor presents. We construct conserved charges and currents for static and dynamic black holes of the Vaidya type with AdS, dS and flat asymptotics. New properties of the solutions under consideration have been found. The more results are discussed. The first section in your paper
Decrease of the effective cosmological constant in the Poincare gauge theory of gravity with a scalar field
Authors: Babourova O V , Frolov B N
Published: November 2021

Cosmological consequences of the Poincare gauge theory of gravity are considered. An effective cosmological constant depending from the Dirac scalar field is introduced. It is proved that at the super-early Universe, the effective cosmological constant decreases exponentially from a huge value at the Big Bang to its extremely small value in the modern era, while the scale factor sharply increases and demonstrates inflationary behavior. This fact solves the well-known “cosmological constant problem” also in the Poincare gauge theory of gravity.
Null shells and double layers in quadratic gravity
Authors: Ivanova I D
Published: November 2021

For a singular hypersurface of arbitrary type in quadratic gravity motion equations were obtained using only the least action principle. It turned out that the coefficients in the motion equations are zeroed with a combination corresponding to the Gauss-Bonnet term. Therefore it does not create neither double layers nor thin shells. It has been demonstrated that there is no “external pressure” for any type of null singular hypersurface. It turned out that null spherically symmetric singular hupersurfaces in quadratic gravity cannot be a double layer, and only thin shells are possible. The system of motion equations in this case is reduced to one which is expressed through the invariants of spherical geometry along with the Lichnerowicz conditions. Spherically symmetric null thin shells were investigated for spherically symmetric solutions of conformal gravity as applications, in particular, for various vacua and Vaidya-type solutions.
Quantum Nonlocality - Possible Cosmophysical Effects
Authors: Mayburov S N
Published: November 2021

Mutiple experimental results indicate the existence of cosmophysical effects which influence parameters of nuclear decays and chemical reactions in lab. conditions. In particular, variations of nucleus decay parameters are detected which amplitudes are of the order 10−3 and periods of one year, 24 hours or about one month. Similar influence of solar activity on nuclear decays and chemical reactions also was reported. We argue that such deviations from radioactive decay law and other similar effects can be described by novel quantum nonlocality mechanism, different from standard EPR-Bohm nonlocality. Modified Doebner-Goldin model applied for the description of dynamical nonlocal effects concerned with nuclear decays.
From Photon to Oganesson: Lie Algebra Realization of the Standard Model Extending over the Periodic Table
Authors: Trell Erik
Published: November 2021

As reported in a series of previous PIRT conferences, a direct SU(3) structural realization of the Standard Model has been developed based upon Marius Sophus Lie’s original Norwegian Ph.D. thesis Over en Classe Geometriske Transformationer from 1871 (and thus due for a most deserved 150-year anniversary). It elucidates how “the theory of main tangential curves can be brought back to that of rounded curves”, anticipating a coherent linear representation of the elementary particles instead of the rotational chosen since they were considered point-like and amorphous when they many years later entered the stage. Under these premises the Standard Model has built a magnificent, undoubtedly true but congested multi-particle system whereas the Lie continuous transformation element, the partial derivative ’straight line of length equal to zero’ outlines an isotropic vector matrix lattice of crystallographic Killing root space diagram A3 form which from the Nucleon and inwards can backtrack the Standard Model geometrically, as well as continue outward iterating to a space-filling solid state R3×SO(3) wave-packet complex tessellating the whole periodic table with electron shells and subshells, isotope spectrum, neutron captures, radiative channels, oxidation states, molecular binding sites etc. in successive layers also including the Lanthanides in the sixth period and the Actinides in the seventh, in which now the concluding Oganesson has been reached in perfectly well-built saturated noble gas shape and condition.
Method of multiple scales in scalar field cosmology
Authors: Zhuravlev V M , Chervon S V
Published: November 2021

In this work, the method of multiple scales is applied to analysis of cosmological dynamics. The method is used to construct solutions to the dynamic equations of the Universe filled with a scalar field in the Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric. A general scheme is described for choosing small dimensionless parameters of the expansion of model functions and applying the method itself to the equations of cosmological dynamics. Solutions are given that are constructed for two different types of a small parameter - a small field value and a small slow roll parameter.
Physics learning based on the use of concept maps
Authors: Pabón-Galán C A , Hernández-Suarez C A , Paz-Montes L S
Published: November 2021

Concept maps are graphic learning tools that allow teachers and students to organize, represent knowledge, and visualize the relationships between concepts to promote understanding of physics. This study describes an innovative experience based on the development of concept maps with the aim of analyzing the perception of students in a teacher training program in natural sciences and environmental education at a public university in Colombia. The research subjects were 24 students studying basic physics who used concept maps for learning, and the data were analyzed quantitatively using a non-experimental design. The results show that the trainee teachers learned to elaborate concept maps, valuing very positively their educational applications to improve learning. It is concluded that concept mapping can be used to increase students’ understanding and motivation which should help to improve their academic performance.
Physical-mathematical model for determination of variation of internal forces in the simplified analysis of a beam
Authors: Márquez Peñaranda J F , Cáceres Rubio J R , Palacios Pabón J D
Published: November 2021

Springs are often taught in subjects of physics such as statics and solid mechanics belonging to civil engineering programs and mechanical engineering. This knowledge can be applied successfully in the modeling of structures and the consequent development of structural analysis. This paper presents the results of an investigation on physic-mathematical models which uses springs to replace complex connective conditions attempting to simplify the structural analysis process. The work focuses on the analysis of beams supported upon masonry walls, applying variations to the span lengths, sections and loads on them and considering realistic variations of the stiffness conditions required in the supports to meet the demands that these variations impose. For this, continuous beams with two spans with three types of section that are supported by walls that support different levels of restriction from different heights of the building of which they are part are modeled. It is concluded that there is an important influence of the slenderness of the beams and the degree of confinement of the supports upon the precision of the simplified model.
BKP tau-functions as square roots of KP tau-functions
Authors: van de Leur Johan
Published: November 2021

It is well-known that a B type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) tau-function is the square root of a certain Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) tau-function, provided one puts the even KP times equal to zero. In this paper we compute for all polynomial BKP tau-function its corresponding KP ‘square’. We also give, in the polynomial case, a representation theoretical proof of a recent result by Alexandrov, viz that a Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) tau-function becomes a BKP tau-function when one divides all KdV times by 2.
A Weld Line Detection Method Based on 3D Point Cloud for Automatic NDT
Authors: Dong Zhaoxuan , Huang Jianchang , Yin Shiqi , Fei Yuenong
Published: November 2021

The quality of welding is often checked by ultrasonic waves. Manual testing is costly and inefficient, and manual testing is not possible in some extreme environments. Automatic non-destructive testing (NDT) technology uses robots to carry ultrasonic devices for automatic detection. Machine vision is one of the important methods to achieve navigation, that is, capturing the weld line through the camera, planning the optimal path through visual analysis and processing, and also based on structured light. Although the navigation method can solve the problem of rust and stain to a large extent, it is less robust in dealing with problems such as rust, light interference and stain. This paper proposes a navigation method based on 3D point cloud, which can effectively improve its robustness.
Senior High School Students’ Preparedness In Facing Earthquake Disaster
Authors: Nurkholifah I , Sumunar D R S
Published: November 2021

Earthquake was a disaster that could not be predicted. The threat of earthquake in Imogiri needes attention to reduce the risk because of the disaster impact. The socialization and disaster training are needed to increase the students’ preparedness at school. The purpose of the research was to know the students’ preparedness level in Senior High School 1 Imogiri in facing the earthquake disaster. This research was descriptive research using quantitative approach. The data collection techniques used in the research were interview, documentation and questionnaire, that was the instrument of students’ preparedness in facing earthquake disaster in Senior High School 1 Imogiri. The data analysis technique used in the research was descriptive analysis with quantitative approach using frequency table. The results of the research showed that:Senior High School 1 Imogiri students’ preparedness in facing earthquake disaster was in the Ready category with average score 44,8. The indicators in the Ready category were the knowledge about earthquake and the resource mobility, while the indicators in the Less Ready were the attitude toward the earthquake, early warning system and the actions when the earthquake occurred.
Ecological and economic effects of industrial and technological development
Authors: Ilyash O , Trofymenko O , Dzhadan I , Tsarova T
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to topical issues of mutual influences of ecological and economic, industrial and technological development. The main purpose of the article is to study the system characteristics of the relationship between industrial and technological development and the effectiveness of the national economy. Such a relationship is based on the policy of environmental innovation, which is implemented at the junction of relations in the fields of environmental safety, industrial policy and technological development of Ukraine. The article aims to determine economic effects of the ecological component of industrial and technological development of the country. The study found that the industrial and technological growth of the national economy depends to a large extent on the ecological component. The method of taxonomy was used to carry out an integral assessment of ecological indicators of industrial and technological development in the system of ecological and economic security of Ukraine. The application of tools of multidimensional statistical analysis, the harmonization of indicators of industrial and technological development and ecological and economic security of Ukraine helped to determine the economic effects of ecological impact.
Modelling of cost indicators for wind turbines of multimegawatt class in various sizes
Authors: Podhurenko V , Kutsan Yu , Terekhov V
Published: November 2021

The choice of wind turbines to fit various specific wind conditions for the purpose of ensuring maximum generation of electric power at least investment expenditures is among the wind power sector overarching challenges. Solving this task involves the evaluation of cost indices for wind turbines of various sizes. A well-known and rather popular with investigators model, made by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (USA) has been improved for the first time with the aim of determining the cost of wind turbines of various sizes on the basis of their main parameters (rated power, rotor diameter, hub height) for current conditions of application. The established correlation relationships between the cost of wind turbine and its main parameters made possible the transformation of a well-known complex model into a model with linear equations and minimization of computations. Based on the research studies of the evolution of wind turbines main parameters and an average (global) cost of 1 MW of their power, the authors have suggested the first-ever original linear mathematical models that enable evaluating the wind turbine cost for any year of research. In illustration of application of the first ever developed technique, we have made the assessment of operating efficiency of the US wind farms from 2010 to 2019. The results obtained convincingly indicate the high quality of the developed model.
Strategizing for sustainable development of transport systems in the safety dimension
Authors: Kharazishvili Yu , Bugayko D , Lyashenko V , Sokolovskiy V , Baranov V
Published: November 2021

The article conducted a study on approaches to the strategy of sustainable development of transport systems on the example of air transport in Ukraine. The shortcomings of the main tool of their strategy, namely the methods of classical forecasting, which limit its application, are revealed. The methods of forecasting based on expert judgment and classical methods of forecasting containing congenital pathology of errors are considered. Therefore, long-term factors and trends are identified, which remains a classic forecast, rather than building long-term forecasts of the national economy. To implement the stage of strategic planning of transport systems used the concept of sustainable development, which includes stages of identification through integrated assessment in the measurement of safety and strategy by defining goals, building the desired trajectory and decomposition of integrated indices through adaptive control methods of management theory. Three scenarios for the development of air transport in Ukraine have been developed: realistic - 3.8%; optimistic -7.0% and balanced - increase in gross value added (GVA) by 11.7% with scientific substantiation of quantitative values of indicators and key macroeconomic indicators, which guarantees the desired trajectory of sustainable development, and monitoring their implementation determines the effectiveness of public policies and actions.
Indicators of effectiveness in the sustainable development field of construction companies: evidence of Ukraine
Authors: Pavelko O , Antoniuk O , Lazaryshyna I , Los Z
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the issue of sustainable development and practical aspects of its implementation in the field of construction. Priority directions in formation of strategy of sustainable development of construction companies are established. The success of the implementation of the established areas of activity depends on the indicators of effectiveness and efficiency in the field of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility and their monitoring systems. The analysis was performed on 100 construction companies in Ukraine. The construction industry illustrated by concentration calculation indexes which allow to quantify the degree of concentration and intensity of competition in construction. Recommendations for the identification of sustainable development criteria for construction companies as for the development of sustainable development programs and further confirmation of sustainable development reports by auditors were identified.
Ecological safety of the region`s population in the aspect of the logistic-activity approach to its formation and legal regulation
Authors: Kuzmynchuk N , Kivalov S , Tarasenko V , Voloshyna S , Chanyshev R , Shchukin O
Published: November 2021

The issues of ensuring the ecological safety of the region`s population are actualized in the context of the growth increasing in the natural resources, accompanied by the increase in anthropogenic pressures on the environment and humans, aggravation of environmental problems, deterioration of the life quality and environmental conditions of activity in the region. The aim of the study is to develop the theoretical foundations for ensuring the ecological safety of the population of the region on the basis of a logistic-activity approach to its formation in the context of legal regulation of the environmental management process as a factor in achieving sustainable development goals and increasing energy efficiency.Using the methods of economic and mathematical modeling it is substantiated the existence of the relationship between the level of ecological safety of the region’s population and the amount of the funds from the budget allocated to finance environmental programs. Improving the legal regulation of the processes of ensuring the ecological safety of the region’s population for optimizing the budget expenditures for the implementation of environmental programs will create the conditions for realizing the economic potential of the region’s development, increasing the level and quality of life of the population.
Informational basis of Ukrainian financial security management in conditions of sustainable development
Authors: Doroshenko O , Vashai Yu , Los Z , Piatka N
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the article is to decide the possibilities of Ukrainian financial security management in the conditions of military and political instability through adaptation of the indicators for the current methodology of the state financial security calculating in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The authors use general scientific and special methods, in particular dialectical, abstract logical, system analysis, economic and statistical. The authors in terms of the system approach and the allocation of material and information basis consider financial security. The authors formalize the process of informational support for the management of state financial security. Analysis of statistical data suggests that the determination of the Ukrainian financial security takes place because of political and military instability. Every component of financial safety includes factor of war influence, which as a result correlates the integral index of financial safety. The authors investigate factors that include expenditures for army forces support, aggressor state exchange rate expenditures, volume of monetary mass of the aggressor state in national economics, participation of the aggressor state capital in the banking capital structure, volume of financial resources loss of the aggressor-state.
Permissions, Deontic Voids, and the Karamazov Argument
Authors: Green Michael S
Published: November 2021

This essay criticizes three positions concerning permissions taken by Christoph Kletzer in his book The Idea of a Pure Theory of Law. First, Kletzer argues that Hans Kelsen should have understood X has having a legal obligation to φ if and only if someone else is permitted (rather than empowered) to exercise force upon X for not-φ-ing. Kelsen in fact had good reasons to speak of empowerment rather than only of permission. The second topic concerns the type of strong permission that Joseph Raz calls exclusionary. Kletzer argues that Raz’s definition of an exclusionary permission generates an infinite regress. In what is arguably the most detailed account of the structure of exclusionary permissions in print, this essay defends Raz’s definition. The third and primary topic concerns Kletzer’s understanding of a permission to φ as a deontic void: the absence of duties to φ and of duties to not-φ. Many share Kletzer’s view. Joseph Raz understands weak permissions as absences. And the usual reading of Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld’s related idea of a privilege to φ is that it is the absence of a duty to not-φ. But the absence theory is mistaken. When a normative system does not exist, there is no permission to φ, even though there are no duties to φ or to not-φ either. The same is true when φ-ing is outside the system’s scope and when φ-ing (although within the system’s scope) falls in a gap in the system. Conversely, if a normative system is inconsistent, one can have a permission to φ and a duty to not-φ (or to φ). It follows that a permission, even a weak permission, is a deontic something, not a nothing, and that weak permissions can have an effect on our practical reasoning. The same points apply to Hohfeldian privileges.
Cross-Site Comparisons of Dryland Ecosystem Response to Climate Change in the US Long-Term Ecological Research Network
Authors: Hudson Amy R , Peters Debra P C , Blair John M , Childers Daniel L , Doran Peter T , Geil Kerrie , Gooseff Michael , Gross Katherine L , Haddad Nick M , Pastore Melissa A , Rudgers Jennifer A , Sala Osvaldo , Seabloom Eric W , Shaver Gaius
Published: November 2021

abstract

Long-term observations and experiments in diverse drylands reveal how ecosystems and services are responding to climate change. To develop generalities about climate change impacts at dryland sites, we compared broadscale patterns in climate and synthesized primary production responses among the eight terrestrial, nonforested sites of the United States Long-Term Ecological Research (US LTER) Network located in temperate (Southwest and Midwest) and polar (Arctic and Antarctic) regions. All sites experienced warming in recent decades, whereas drought varied regionally with multidecadal phases. Multiple years of wet or dry conditions had larger effects than single years on primary production. Droughts, floods, and wildfires altered resource availability and restructured plant communities, with greater impacts on primary production than warming alone. During severe regional droughts, air pollution from wildfire and dust events peaked. Studies at US LTER drylands over more than 40 years demonstrate reciprocal links and feedbacks among dryland ecosystems, climate-driven disturbance events, and climate change.
Brain network segregation and integration during painful thermal stimulation
Authors: Kastrati Gránit , Thompson William H , Schiffler Björn , Fransson Peter , Jensen Karin B
Published: November 2021

The present study aimed to determine changes in brain network integration/segregation during thermal pain using methods optimized for network connectivity events with high temporal resolution. Participants (n = 33) actively judged whether thermal stimuli applied to the volar forearm were painful or not and then rated the warmth/pain intensity after each trial. We show that the temporal evolution of integration/segregation within trials correlates with the subjective ratings of pain. Specifically, the brain shifts from a segregated state to an integrated state when processing painful stimuli. The association with subjective pain ratings occurred at different time points for all networks. However, the degree of association between ratings and integration/segregation vanished for several brain networks when time-varying functional connectivity was measured at lower temporal resolution. Moreover, the increased integration associated with pain is explained to some degree by relative increases in between-network connectivity. Our results highlight the importance of investigating the relationship between pain and brain network connectivity at a single time point scale, since commonly used temporal aggregations of connectivity data may result in that fine-scale changes in network connectivity may go unnoticed. The interplay between integration/segregation reflects shifting demands of information processing between brain networks and this adaptation occurs both for cognitive tasks and nociceptive processing.