bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismological aspects of the CANNIKIN nuclear explosion
Authors: Willis D. E. , George G. D. , Poetzl K. G. , Saltzer C. E. , Shakal A. F. , Torfin R. D. , Woodzick T. L. , Wolosin C.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Predicted and postshot geological and geophysical factors associated with the large underground nuclear detonation CANNIKIN are presented. An average mb magnitude of 7.02 and an Ms magnitude of 5.74 were determined from 56 stations of the WWSSN and Canadian seismograph networks. No change was detected in the naturally occurring pattern of earthquakes recorded at regional and teleseismic distances to indicate that the shot affected natural seismicity other than at close distances. A complex group of waves with mixed Love- and Rayleigh-type motion was observed in latter parts of the surface-wave train recorded at stations across Canada and the United States, which could possibly be associated with an earthquake occurring several minutes after the shot. Surface-wave magnitudes computed for the Love-type motion were smaller than the magnitudes computed from maximum surface-wave amplitudes.
Strain and tilt records of the CANNIKIN nuclear test
Authors: Romig P. R. , Tocher Don , Butler David , Wideman C. J.
Published: September 2021

abstract

During the CANNIKIN underground nuclear test of November 6, 1971, nearsurface earth deformations were observed by a total of 26 strainmeters and eight tiltmeters at nine sites in the Aleutian Islands at distances of 10 to 1125 km from ground zero on Amchitka Island. Permanent strain steps were observed at all stations. The size of strain steps observed at about 10 km (> 10−4) implies that the zone of nonelastic behavior extended to more than 10 km from ground zero. The size of strain steps observed at 295 and 1125 km (< 10−8) indicates that the residual strains at these distances were not as large as the amplitude of the daily earth tide. The permanent steps exhibit a pronounced directional assymmetry but, at five stations, are in reasonable agreement with predictions based on the work of Wideman and Major (1967). Redundant observations of areal strains at two stations yield values of −29.5 × 10−9 versus −24.2 × 10−9 and −2.1 × 10−7 versus −3.2 × 10−7.
Interpretation of strain data—CANNIKIN nuclear test
Authors: Romig P. R.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Immediately following CANNIKIN, strain and tilt steps were recorded at distances of 10 to 1,100 km. At the 10-km stations, the steps (> 10−4 were larger than expected and indicated that nonelastic effects existed out to that distance. The “quasi-static” strain step, which may represent elastic response to pressure in the cavity, had two exponential decay constants: 10.6 min during the first 5 min and 17.7 min after 8-min postshot. A significant assymetry in the strain field, evident from observatories at distances of 15 to 300 km, suggests faulting near ground zero. The fault movement was equivalent to that normally associated with an earthquake of magnitude 6 to 612, which implies a fault length of 10 to 30 km and a dislocation of 30 to 100 cm. The steps recorded at the time of collapse are compatible with a collapse mechanism, thus suggesting that little if any fault movement occurred away from the chimney at that time.
A method for computing the deformation of the crust caused by the filling of large lakes
Authors: Lee Terry
Published: September 2021

abstract

The load placed on the Earth's surface by the filling of large lakes is sufficient to cause deformation of the Earth's crust. The extent of such deformation is investigated. The analysis of the model presented is extened to allow for changes in the elastic parameters with depth.

For Lake Gordon, a large man-made lake to be constructed in the Southwest of Tasmania, the maximum displacement that will be caused in the Earth's surface by the filling of the lake (a load of 1.5 × 1010 tons) is calculated to be about 7 cm.
In silico SCREENING OF Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. AND Strychnos ligustrine COMPOUNDS AS A PROTEASE INHIBITOR OF SARS-COV-2
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta 12640, Indonesia, Yantih Novi , Syabillawati Uthami ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta 12640, Indonesia, Mulatsari Esti ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta 12640, Indonesia, Sumaryono Wahono ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta 12640, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

Diseases caused by the coronavirus have become an important concern in early 2020. The coronavirus is a new type of virus that is included in the SARS-CoV-2 group. One of the possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 inhibition involves protease receptors inhibition. This research was aimed to in silico screening of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf., and Strychnos ligustrine active ingredients as the main protease inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by assessing the ligand-binding affinity in the binding pocket of SARS-CoV-2 main protease protein. The molecular docking method is generally used to predict the inhibitory site and bonds formation. In the current study, some generally used antiviral compounds from the PDB (Protein Data Bank) were also used to compare the affinity strength of the test compound against the protease receptor (code of 5R7Y). The inhibitory activity against the main protease receptor proven by the ChemPLP score is more negative than the receptor’s native ligand and the comparison compounds. Jubanine B, a compound of Z. spina-christi has the most robust inhibition activity on the SARS-CoV-2 protease receptor. Results of this study can be concluded that this can be used to develop as a candidate for traditional medicine against SARS-CoV-2 but still it required some more in vitro and in vivo studies.
DISSOLUTION IMPROVEMENT OF KETOPROFEN THROUGH POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITE POVIDONE K-30/TiO2
Authors:   Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan No.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, 90245, Indonesia, . Aliyah , Saputri Eka Tri ,   Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan No.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, 90245, Indonesia, Fitriah Diana ,   Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan No.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, 90245, Indonesia, Arjuna Andi ,   Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan No.10, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, 90245, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

Ketoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has been classified into Class II as per the Biopharmaceutics Classification System. This substance has low solubility i.e. only 51 mg/L at 22℃. Therefore, a study of ketoprofen modification prepared in Polymer Matrix Composite (PMC) using Povidone K-30, coated with TiO2 as an effort to improve its dissolution profile, had been conducted. Composite particles were prepared through a dissolving method with a ratio of ketoprofen: Povidone K30 i.e. 1: 1 (F1), 1: 2 (F2), and 1: 4 (F3). They were evaluated and continued on the coating process using TiO2 30%, 40%, and 50%. Results of the study revealed that the PMC provides an absence of chemical intervention against ketoprofen. All the used combination ratios improved the dissolution profile by using phosphate buffer media pH 7.5 for 60 minutes. After coating, a release profile was obtained by running it on phosphate buffer media at pH 6.8 for 8 hours, this showing a sustained release profile.
EFFECT OF HONEY CONSUMPTION AFTER PHYSICAL EXERCISES ON ELECTROLYTES AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
Authors:   Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia, . Aliyah , Rahman Ratna Dwi Pujiarti ,   Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Hasanuddin University,  Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia, Wahyudin Elly ,   Laboratory of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia, Utami Rifka Nurul ,   Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia, Sudir Sumarheni ,   Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Hasanuddin University,  Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

Honey has been used as food and medicine for thousands of years. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of honey in restoring the levels of electrolytes and blood glucose after performing physical exercises. The effect of honey consumption on electrolyte and blood glucose levels was examined on12 healthy male subjects, which were divided into 4 groups with three members in each group. Group I was treated as control and provided only 250 ml of mineral water after exercise, while group II was provided 250 ml commercial isotonic beverage, group III provided honey solution 1 (15 ml honey/250 ml water), and group IV provided honey solution 2 (45 ml honey/250 ml water). The physical exercise performed by the subjects is running on a treadmill at a speed of 5.6 km/h for 40 minutes. Measurements of electrolyte and blood glucose levels were performed 24 hrs before as initial baseline, and these were also measured after the physical exercise as well as after the treatment. Results of the study revealed that honey played a significant role in the restore electrolyte and blood glucose levels in people who have performed physical activities such as exercising and the effect of honey is similar to the commercial isotonic beverage. However, no significant difference (p-value > 0.05) was reported between the honey solution 1 and 2 and other treatment groups in elevating sodium and chloride level.
Kırşehir'in (Türkiye) Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) Faunasına Katkılar
Authors: DEMİREL Ersin , ERBEY Mahmut
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada 2018–2019 yıllarında Kırşehir İl'inden toplanan yirmi beş adet Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) örneği değerlendirilmiştir. Teşhisler sonucu Selenocephalus pallidus Kirschbaum, 1868 (Cicadellidae Latreille, 1825), Cicadatra platyptera Fieber, 1876 (Cicadidae Latreille, 1802), Callodictya krueperi (Fieber, 1876) (Dictyopharidae Spinola, 1839) ve Stictocephala bisonia Kopp & Yonke, 1977 (Membracidae Rafinesque, 1815) türleri tespit edilmiştir. Teşhis edilen tüm türler ve Cicadidae Latreille, 1802 ile Membracidae Rafinesque, 1815 familyaları Kırşehir İli için ilk kez kaydedilmiştir. Türlerin habitus fotoğraflarının yanı sıra güncel yayılış bilgilerine göre hazırlanan Palearktik ve Türkiye yayılış haritaları verilmiştir. Kırşehir İli için bu çalışma kapsamında belirlenen türlerin de dahil edildiği bir Auchenorrhyncha kontrol listesi oluşturulmuştur.
Following Public Finances: The Mirage of MDBs Countercyclicality
Authors: Avellán Leopoldo , Galindo Arturo J. , Lotti Giulia
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the co-movement of sovereign lending from multilateral development banks (MDBs) and private creditors with government expenditure. The paper finds that multilateral sovereign lending follows government expenditure and that this correlation does not change if governments are running a surplus or a deficit. This finding raises doubts on the feasibility of MDBs to be counter-cyclical, unless the governments themselves implement counter-cyclical fiscal policies.
South Korea’s Experience with Smart Infrastructure Services: Smart Grids
Authors: Kang Taeil
Published: September 2021

The IDB's 2020 flagship book, “From Structures to Services,” seeks to motivate us to think about today's basic infrastructure services and how technological disruption will change the way these services will be delivered in the future. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has pending challenges in relation to infrastructure services. The region needs to invest more and better. The technological revolution is one of the tools to provide a future with quality and affordable services. In this context, we decided to analyze the experience of Korea in the use of technology for the provision of services in order to be able to rescue valuable lessons for LAC. This document is 1 of 4 cases elaborated to analyze the Korean experience related to i) the policy frameworks used to manage infrastructure projects, particularly in transportation, water and sanitation, and electricity and ii) the use of technology to provide efficiency infrastructure services.
Efecto de la inclusión de carne cruda en un paté cocido de carne mecánicamente recuperada de trucha arcoíris
Authors: Jimenez Champi Diana Carolina , Llerena Daza Tito Eduardo , Salvá Ruiz Bettit Karim
Published: September 2021

The fishing industry generates large quantities of by-products, most of which are not used and are therefore discarded. The objective of the present research was the elaboration of a pâté-type sausage from mechanically recovered meat of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The meat was obtained from trout skelons, which were passed through a grinder and sprayed with a mixture of α-tocopherol (0.02%) and ascorbic acid (0.05%). The formulation of the pate was as follows: mechanically recovered trout meat (74.4%), salt (1.3%), sodium tripolyphosphate (0.8%), starch (2%), soy protein isolate (2.4%), margarine (16.7%), soy lecithin (1.9%), onion powder (0.2%), garlic powder (0.2%) and pepper powder (0.1%). Three formulations were prepared: PCR1 (80% cooked meat and 20% raw meat), PCR2 (90% cooked meat and 10% raw meat) and PCR3 (100% cooked meat). For each formulation, the following were evaluated: texture profile, color and sensory evaluation, the latter with the participation of 30 untrained panelists using a 9-point hedonic scale, in which each formulation obtained an average of 6 ("I like it moderately"). The best formulation was PCR3, whose proximate composition was determined: 64% moisture, 16% fat, 12.5% protein, and 3.5% ash. The pâté of mechanically recovered trout meat proved to have a high nutritional value and a good level of sensory acceptance, demonstrating that it is a good alternative for the use of trout fillet by-products.
Вопросы типологии государств
Authors: Бредихин А.Л. , Фомичев С.М.
Published: September 2021

В настоящей статье авторы исследуют проблему типологии государств, обозначают наличие двух основных подходов: формационный и цивилизационный. Авторы выявляют недостатки каждого из подходов и приходят к выводу, что типология государства может производиться и по другим критериям.
Детерминанты совершения некоторых преступлений коррупционной направленности в уголовно-исполнительной системе
Authors: Ковалев О.Г. , Вилкова А.В. , Гапонов А.Ю.
Published: September 2021

В статье речь идет об изучении законодательной и иной нормативной правовой базы, призванной противодействовать коррупционной преступности при исполнении наказаний, практики деятельности учреждений и органов, исполняющих наказания; дает возможность детерминанты классифицировать детерминанты на две большие группы: правового и организационно-управленческого характера.
Имитационное моделирование процесса перемещения горячекатаных рулонов на участке листопрокатного цеха
Authors: Маркин В.С. , Штерензон В.А.
Published: September 2021

В работе представлены результаты имитационного моделирования процесса перемещения горячекатаных рулонов на участке листопрокатного цеха.
Влияние льняного жмыха на продуктивные показатели молодняка лошадей
Authors: Тарасова А.О.
Published: September 2021

Целью работы являлось изучение продуктивности молодняка лошадей, потреблявшего льняной жмых. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что использование льняного жмыха в рационе молодняка лошадей русской тяжеловозной породы положительно повлияло на прирост живой массы, привело к увеличению основных промеров телосложения. При этом наилучшие результаты по всем исследуемым показателям были у подопытных животных, в рационы которым включали льняной жмых в возрасте 9 – 12 мес. в дозе 500 г на голову в сутки, а в возрасте 12 – 18 мес. - 800 г на голову в сутки.
Оптимизация технологии возделывания в укрывной зоне виноградарства столового сорта Августин
Authors: Сегет О.Л. , Алейникова Г.Ю.
Published: September 2021

Под действием такого явления, как гравиоморфологическая стимуляция (геотропизм) усовершенствована технология выращивания привитой культуры винограда в укрывной зоне его возделывания. Новая технология позволяет высаживать растения винограда 10 рядов в одном направлении и 10 в другом. Создание саженцев под действием гравиоморфологической стимуляции позволит повысить сохранность насаждений при укрытии и открытии привитых виноградников. Получены дополнительно новые знания по влиянию способа стратификации привитой культуры винограда под углом 30⸰.
О некоторых традиционных и новых методах и технологиях в онлайн-обучении игре на фортепиано в России и КНР
Authors: Чжоу Елинь
Published: September 2021

В наши дни назрела необходимость обобщения и применения существующего практического опыта онлайн-обучения. Ряд новых методов и технологий позволяют компенсировать невозможность применения традиционных методов и приѐмов фортепианной педагогики. В статье приведены некоторые наблюдения и наработки российских и китайских преподавателей по применению различных вариантов видеометода и использованию дисклавиров (гибридных фортепиано).
Индивидуально-стилевые особенности пациентов с разными формами псориаза
Authors: Сысоева О.В. , Фомина А.О.
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены результаты экспериментального исследования индивидуально-стилевых особенностей пациентов ревматологического отделения КГБУЗ № 1 г. Хабаровска, страдающих различной формой псориаза.
Comparative leukocyte blood profile of Emys orbicularis (Reptilia: Emydidae) from two populations
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Romanova E. B. , Stolyarova I. A. ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Bakiev A. G. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of Russian Academy of Sciences, Gorelov R. A. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

A comparative estimation of the leukocyte profile of the marsh turtle Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) living in the Ural river basin (Orenburg region, Belyaevsky district, 11 females and 5 males) and in the Volga river basin (Astrakhan region, Krasnoyarsk district, 28 females and 20 males) was made. The blood formula (WBC) of males and females was calculated together with the calculation of integral leukocytal indices (the lymphocyte-granulocyte index, the leukocyte shift index, the heterophile/lymphocyte ratio, the heterophil/eosinophil ratio, and the lymphocyte/eosinophil ratio). Lymphocytes were the predominant leukocyte cells in the peripheral blood of Emys orbicularis (40–45%). Among granulocytes, heterophiles (the population from the Orenburg region) or basophils (the population from the Astrakhan region) predominated. The absence of any differences in the quantitative indicators of the blood formula and integral indices for males and females indicated a comparable level of impact and identity of the physiological adaptation mechanisms occurring in the animals in the Orenburg region. Intersexual differences were manifested in an increased content of monocytes (u = 3.13, p = 0.001), which indicated activation of the natural immunity of males in comparison with females from the Astrakhan region. The leukocyte composition of the Emys orbicularis blood differed in the content of granulocytes and agranulocytes in different populations. The males from the Orenburg region differed from those from the Astrakhan region by an increased proportion of heterophiles and a reduced content of basophils. Females differed in all blood count parameters, except for eosinophils whose fraction was equal (u = 0.71, p = 1.00). In the peripheral blood of females from the Orenburg region, a higher content of heterophiles, monocytes and a lower content of basophils and lymphocytes were found in comparison with those from the Astrakhan region. Quantitative-qualitative changes were detected in the leukocyte composition of the blood during the invasion of hemoparasites. The specific immune response (the content of lymphocytes) decreased, and the nonspecific defense system (the content of heterophiles) increased. The maintenance of the immunological reactivity of the organism under the conditions of invasion was determined by the functional activity of heterophiles, which was confirmed by a higher value of the heterophil/lymphocyte index. The blood formula (WBC) and the dynamics of leukocytal indexes of Emys orbicularis reflected the active response of the organism to a complex of environmental factors, including parasitic invasions.
Ice walking common frog (Rana temporaria) (Ranidae, Amphibia)
Authors:   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Milto K. D.
Published: September 2021

Arecord of Rana temporaria on the ice cover of the Gulf of Finland is described. Frog slowly moved on the ice surface with speed around 0.03 m/s. Air temperature near ice surface was +3.5°C, and the frog body temperature was +4°C. In the Saint Petersburg region, common frogs can hibernate in the coastal waters of Baltic Sea with salinity of 0 – 5.8‰.
Current issues of waste management policy in Russia
Authors:   Synergy university, Baynova Maria S. , Nadtochiy Yuliya B. ,   Synergy university, Petrov Alexander V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Gorkovaya Olga P. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Stalmakova Evgenia D. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: September 2021

In the conditions of modern social development and the emergence of such a trend of the modern digital era as the “green” economy, the issues of waste management are of particular importance. Personal experience and participation in various activities for separate waste collection show a twofold state of affairs: on the one hand, there are parties interested in sorting out the waste and, on the other hand, separate waste collection has not yet firmly entered the consciousness of Russian people. The COVID-19 pandemic put forward other priorities for safe disposal, and separate utilization took a back seat. Therefore, it is urgent to find the ways to encourage separate garbage collection, including economic methods, social advertising which would change the environmental consciousness of the Russian population.
Family violence in COVID-19 pandemic: Who is guilty and what to do?
Authors:   Research Institute of Health Organization and Medical Management of the Moscow Department of Health, Besschetnova Oksana V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the analysis of the problem of domestic violence on the basis of domestic and foreign statistical data and the research results. Attention is focused on the aggravation of this problem during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in many countries of the world. The situation of uncertainty, a long stay in a confined space, the fear of contracting a new coronavirus infection, the inability to receive adequate medical care due to the congestion of the healthcare system, loss of financial stability, disruption of the usual rhythm of life led to the escalation of psychological tension. This resulted in the increase of domestic violence. The important role in resolving the situation and helping the victims of domestic violence under quarantine conditions was performed by specialized state and non-governmental organizations. Their activities underwent the structural, financial, and technological changes in the post-Covid-19 period. At the same time, in Russia there is a need of adopting a new federal law on combating domestic violence which will reduce the number of domestic crimes and increase the family values.
Some issues of cooperation between Russia and China in the Arctic
Authors:   Irkutsk Branch of S. N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of Нealth of the Russian Federation, Novikova Elena S. , Kripak Anna V. ,   Irkutsk Branch of S. N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Ministry of Нealth of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the reasons and a number of areas of cooperation between Russia and China in the Arctic region. The importance of this region for Russia and China is analyzed. The advantages of the Arctic for the two countries in terms of territory, economy, and politics are revealed. The conclusion is made about the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the exacerbation of the crisis of political and economic relations between China, Russia, and the United States.
Administrative regulation of the regional electoral cycle in Russia: The main trends of regional heads elections in 2019–2020
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Samusevich Andrey V.
Published: September 2021

This article elaborates the thesis the process and results of the regional heads elections in 2019 and 2020. An attempt is also made to frame the model of the manageable electoral procedure for the governors’ appointments implemented during the period of the regional election campaigns of 2019 and 2020. The methodological framework includes the design of the regional electoral cycle and the concept of the viability of public administration and administrative elites as an independent research category of political science. Based on the results of the analysis, a conclusion is drawn about the current situation of the state administration and administrative elites in the Russian political system and the degree of their participation in the political process.
Modern society in conditions of social uncertainty: Theory and practice (Conference report)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Nikiforov Yaroslav A. , Nemeryuk Evgeniya E. ,   Saratov State University, Pokatov Dmitry V. ,   Saratov State University, Romanovskaia Olga A. ,   Saratov State University, Temaev Timur V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the review of the reports of the traditional conference “Dylnovsky Readings” held at the Faculty of Sociology in February 2021. “The Modern Society in the Conditions of Social Uncertainty: Theory and Practice”. Within the framework of five discussion platforms, the most relevant and significant problems of modern society were discussed. The discussion platform “Society, Institutions, Personality: Transformational Design” considered a whole range of issues – from the potential academic mobility of students, the peculiarities of youth participation in the public life of the country, the legal culture of youth, to the change of generations of the political elite in the conditions of social uncertainty, the specifics of interethnic relations in Saratov border region and the characteristics of the transformation of Russian single-industry towns. The discussion that unfolded on the platform “Digital Transformation: Singularity, Everyday Life, New Sociality” in terms of the breadth of copyright reflections, fit into the problematic field of historical inevitability of the information society. In the discussion platform: “COVID Generation: New Forms of Youth Development and Support during the Pandemic”, the speakers’ reports were devoted to topical issues. The full impact of the pandemic on humans is not only related to the potential risks of infection. Quarantine, which was announced due to the spread of COVID-19, negatively affected all areas – from the economy to the field of culture and business. The site “Specifics of Social Processes in Conditions of Social Uncertainty at the regional level” unfolded the discussion on the current characteristic of modern social phenomena in Russian regions, mainly in Saratov region. A large number of representatives of various cities, republics and professional groups participated in the discussion platform “Discourse of Age and Gender in Modern Sociological Research,” confirming the relevance and demand for such a form of work of scientific forums.
Assessment of the Russian regions’ social security dynamics
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Kocherygina Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. For a more accurate assessment of dynamics and achievement of set goals in the social sphere, research on methodological issues of social security and the development of indicators system for its assessment and monitoring are relevant. Theoretical analysis. The article examines theoretical aspects of the “social security” definition, identifies approaches to the definition of this concept and methodological difficulties in interpreting the assessment of the regional systems’ socio-economic security. Empirical analysis. To analyze the dynamics of the Russian regions’ social security level, an integral index was compiled on the basis of statistical indicators and a social security rating of 82 Russian regions was built. It includes 16 indicators in 5 groups, characterizing the main sphere of social security. Results. The revealed polarization of the Social Security Index values indicates the uneven social development of Russian regions, which is a significant threat to the economic security of the national economy as a whole and economic development in particular. Conclusions. The analysis made it possible to assess the level of Russian regions’ social security, to compile a rating and grouping of Russian regions according to the level of social security.
A modern Scandinavian “Saga about political economy”: “Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics” by Gunnar Myrdal
Authors:   Saratov State University, Cheremisinov Georgy A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. It is proposed to pose the question of the original understanding of fundamental economic science as a political economy, presented by Gunnar Myrdal in the book “Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics”, which can be regarded from a certain point of view as a modern Scandinavian «Saga about political economy». Hermeneutic analysis. G. Myrdal’s paradigm concept, based on the concept of “establishment economics” was more meaningful than the modern use of the term “mainstream” to characterize the dominant flow of economic thought. The theoretical and methodological substantiation of the scientific hypothesis about the periodic emergence of crises and the formation of the economic science evolution cycles made it possible to explain the chronology of the Keynesian paradigm ascent and decline cycle by changes in economy and society. The arguments in favor of the institutional approach prompted a fundamental conclusion about the advisability of returning economic science to the original name of political economy and restoring its spiritual, moral, value dimension. G. Myrdal questioned and refuted the traditional abstract assumption about the conflict between economic growth and egalitarian reforms, for which one must pay a high price such as the national economy productivity decline, proposed the concept of “created harmony” to characterize the modern welfare state. Conclusion. The interpretation of the scientific monograph “Against the Stream. Critical Essays on Economics” in the style of Scandinavian “Saga about political economy” added a lot of very interesting details, judgments, explanations that substantively complemented the theoretical and methodological approach, showed the opportunity to study, research and present the history of economic thought in an attractive literary style without sacrificing depth and completeness of acquired knowledge.
Constitutional social rights in the countries of the European Union. Theoretical provisions and problems of implementation
Authors:   Saratov State University, Burdanova Anna S.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Social rights belong to the second generation of human rights and freedoms, they ensure social security, all-round development of the individual. They are widely represented in the national legislation of the countries of the European Union, primarily in the relevant legislation. However, the same cannot be said about constitutional law, which is associated with different approaches of legal scholars and proven practices in the legal regulation of the implementation of social guarantees in a particular state. The methodological basis of the work was formed by general scientific and special legal research methods. Theoretical analysis. In the scientific European literature there is no single approach to the definition of basic social rights, their essence, types, legal consequences. Moreover, there are fundamentally opposite points of view about the need for their recognition and consolidation at the constitutional level. Thus, the discussion is on in individual states and the European Union as a whole. In the legal doctrine of a number of countries, for example Germany, broad and narrow approaches are used to define social rights. At the same time, at the pan-European level, a broad approach is mainly used, which draws attention to the presence of social guarantees in the Constitutions and, accordingly, state target programs of a social orientation. Empirical analysis. In general, the Constitutions of the EU countries enshrine certain social rights, which may differ in the actual form of their expression in constitutional acts. This form depends on legal approaches, traditions, historical path, economic and political experience of the state. Meanwhile, the point of view about the need to recognize social rights at the highest level, despite the existing criticism, became decisive during their subsequent inclusion in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Results. The working document of the European Parliament distinguishes between three systems for integrating social rights into the Basic Law: liberal (for example, Austria), moderate (for example, Germany) and southern European (typical of Spain, Italy, Portugal, Greece). At the same time, the comparison shows that for the realization of the rights of the second and third generations, constitutional consolidation is not enough; a socio-political consensus is needed, reflected through the normative legal acts adopted by the legislative body. In the European Union, attempts are being made to expand social guarantees, which face the rejection of the concept of unification of social rights by individual member states.
Self-presentation of non-philological students: Speech genre and linguistic aspects
Authors:   Saratov State University, Veselkova Tatyana V.
Published: September 2021

The analysis of the speech genre of self-presentation is performed within the anthropocentric approach to the language and speech. The study focuses on the self-presentation of non-philological students. The research is based on the comparative analysis of the papers of first year students and graduate students of the faculties of geography and of computer science and information technology, as well as of the Institute of physical education and sports of Saratov National Research State University. A multi-aspect analysis of student self-presentations revealed the main features of the speech genre of self-presentation. Among them are the most typical cognitive models (scenarios) of self-presentation which form the basis of the corresponding speech genre. In student papers, the speech genre of self-presentation often interacts with other speech genres: appeals, messages, and gratitude. First year students demonstrate a strategy that suggests an effort to please, to appear attractive to others. Graduate students present a strategy of self-promotion, trying to prove their professional competence. The analyzed papers show that the students demonstrate the awareness that effective self-presentation is based on verbal-logical and emotional-expressive elements of speech which act as the means of linguistic persuasion. The papers abound in clichés and set expressions containing elements of formal academic style.
Genre forms in the children’s humoristic magazine “Veselye kartinki”: 1990s
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, Maryina Olga V. , Sukhoterina Tatyana P. ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2021

The article is included in the circle of studies related to the study of genre characteristics of texts. The relevance of the study is determined by the changeable nature of speech genres, each of which contains traditional (archaic) genre-forming features, as well as new, changing ones. The aim of the undertaken research was to consider genre forms and features in the children’s comic magazine “Veselye Kartinki”. Issues of the period from 1985 to 1999 were selected as the research material. From the point of view of genre forms, the analyzed issues of the magazines are divided into two groups. The first group includes issues of the magazine with traditional genre forms (for example, the club of funny people, true stories in pictures, riddles, fairy tales, etc.); the second group includes issues of the magazine with “new” genre forms that appeared in the magazine during the 1990s (for example, biblical legends, a short horoscope, children’s jokes, instructive stories, advertising texts, etc.). The article notes that the so-called “new” genre forms could exist as independent genre forms outside the issues of the magazine “Veselye Kartinki”: in “adult” literature and in literature created for children. During the analysis of the material, essential genre characteristics of the magazine “Veselye Kartinki” were discovered, which include creolization, visualization and polycode.
On the possibilities of launching a regional pilot project for the development of a low-carbon economy in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Makarov Igor A. , Muzychenko Evgeniya E.
Published: September 2021

Decarbonization is one of the main trends in global development of the last decade. More than 120 countries have already announced plans to achieve net-zero emissions by the middle of the century. Among them are Russia’s largest trading partners, including the European Union, China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Kazakhstan, as well as the United States. These ambitions are supported by a tightening carbon regulation: carbon pricing has already been set up in 64 countries and regions. In the largest emissions trading system – the European one – carbon price has already exceeded 50 euros per ton of emissions.

Significant effort in decarbonization has been taken in many industries (e.g., civil aviation, maritime transport, oil and gas industry), companies (which set up carbon neutrality targets and introduce internal carbon pricing) and the financial sector. Standards for corporate information disclosure about emissions and strategies for their reduction, in particular CDP and TCFD, are being developed and adopted. At the same time, ways to put pressure on competitors who do not want to bear the costs associated with reducing greenhouse gas emissions are being developed. For example, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) will be launched by the European Union in 2023. All these trends mean that products with low carbon footprint become not just a competitive advantage for a company, but also an inevitable condition for its presence on the international market. Companies with a high carbon footprint face less favorable conditions of borrowing, as well as trading barriers and growing pressure from customers both corporate and individual.

In this regard, the development of low-carbon economy in Russia is inevitable to minimize the costs associated with tightening regulation. It is becoming particularly relevant for export-oriented regions with large emissions, including the Republic of Tatarstan. In our opinion, the launch of a pilot project to regulate greenhouse gas emissions in this region is important not only for GHG reduction itself, but also for increasing competitiveness of Tatarstan companies on international markets and attracting investment from both Russian and foreign investors. In this paper, we explain the need to launch such a pilot and relying on the existing Russian and international experience on the one hand and taking into account the characteristics of Tatarstan’s economy on the other, we demonstrate a scheme by which such a project can be organized.
Integrated System of Enterprises' Innovative Development Management Under the Conditions of Post-Fordism
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Horiashchenko Yuliia , Taranenko Iryna ,   Alfred Nobel University, Yaremenko Svitlana ,   Alfred Nobel University, Shevchenko Valentyna ,   Alfred Nobel University, Mishustina Tetiana ,   Alfred Nobel University, Klimova Inna ,   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University
Published: September 2021

Basic tendencies of enterprises' innovative development management have been considered from the perspective of postfordist tranformations. It has been determined that mobility is a specificity of postfordist industrial management. Mobility provides dispersion of structural subdivisions all over the world, it doesn't need any governmental support and strict control. Total diversification of the kind allows to implement «high» technologies through global data revolution practically into all spheres of social life. The evolution of social relations types from feudalism up to Post-Fordism has been provided and their specifics defined. Analytical studies carried out have enabled to discover formed world innovative centres and – from global economic perspective – those of half-peripheral countries with low level of innovative development. The directions of China management of innovative development, whose combined innovation level steadily increases, have been described. It has been determined that a great many of world countries is not currently being on the postfordist stage, since an industrial labour is characteristic for them which defines their type as traditional or early industrial pre-modern. We've also found that innovation development governance at the global level through the prism of postfordist transformations manifests itself in looking for niche, strict subordination to global market mechanisms, decentralization under control of transnational corporations; at the national level: in decentration of social space and thinking, marginalization of urban population, migration; at the meso level: in orientation on consumer needs, considerable mobility of production, individualization under global standardization; at the micro level: in project approach, faster time to market, cost minimization. It has been determined that technological breakthrough evokes such social concerns as total control, alienation, job and security loss.
À propos de la médisance, au XVIe siècle et au-delà
Authors: Bouchard Mawy
Published: September 2021

Nous examinons ici la prégnance de l’idée de mépris dans la littérature de la longue Renaissance, mépris ou dédain qui a partie liée avec un vaste ensemble synonymique où tous les termes renvoient à un sentiment de haine ou de dégoût. Ces termes sont toutefois indissociables, comme on peut l’observer dans les textes d’Érasme et de Marie de Gournay, entre autres auteurs, des actions discursives qui découlent du sentiment même de mépris. Au fil du XVIe siècle, et en amont, plusieurs auteurs sont en effet devenus sensibles à l’origine d’une injustice souvent passée sous silence, soit le fait de subir les effets irréversibles de la diffamation, injure qu’on qualifie de « médisance », de « calomnie », de « détraction » et de plusieurs autres termes encore, et laquelle consiste à dérober l’honneur d’autrui par un simple énoncé ou par un témoignage, parfois contraire à la vérité, souvent inexact, et dont les motifs sont rarement charitables. Nous tentons ici de définir les termes et les enjeux du débat.
Impacts of Prosopis juliflora L. on Soil Seed Bank Flora in Amibara Rangeland of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Noha Ali , Nigatu Lisanework , Manikandan Rejila
Published: September 2021

Background: Prosopis juliflora L. is an evergreen exotic weedy species seriously devastating valuable rangeland resources in arid and semi-arid parts of Ethiopia. Its increasing alarming rate of invasiveness had affecting the livelihood of the pastoral communities in Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Prosopis juliflora L. on soil seed bank flora. Methods: The total of 20 soil samples were collected from five sites by measuring sample quadrats of (20 m × 20 m) area were laid out and the soil samples from each quadrant were taken from 5 sub-quadrats/m2, one from the center and four from the corners, at two depths (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm). The soil samples from the identical layers were mixed in plastic bags to form composite sample. Finally, the composite samples were transported to the Haramaya University to conduct seed germination test in the greenhouse. The soil samples were spread thinly (2 cm thickness) over sterilized soil in shallow trays (20 cm × 25 cm) placed on a bench and allowed for seed germination. Result: The total of 38 herbaceous plant species /m2 belongs to 16 families were emerged in the upper and lower layer (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm) of the soil seed bank samples. The highest values of species diversity were (3.17) in Awash-arba, (3.15) in Alaydagi, (3.04) in Kurkura within m2 area at the depth of 0-3 cm. While the least diversity values of 2.75 in Melka-Werer and 2.77 was recorded in Sarkamo. Jaccard’s coefficient similarity index was exhibited high species similarity of 55.6% in the upper soil seed bank layers (0-3 cm) in Melka-were and Sarkamo. Whereas, species similarities of 45.2% were obtained in the lower layer (3-10 cm) soil seed banks in Awash-arba and upper layer soil seed bank in Alaydagi respectively. While species similarity was decreases as 31.8% in the lower layer soil seed banks in Sarkamo and Kurkura. Increasing species richness and the diversity was also noticed in under open canopy upper layer soil seed bank samples, while decreasing richness and diversity observed in under closed canopy. This indicates that the Prosopis juliflora L. tree has high growth retarding potential on its under canopy soil seed bank flora and in the lower layer soil seed bank samples also.
Genomic Selection: Current Status, Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Budhlakoti Neeraj , Mishra Dwijesh Chandra , Rai Anil , Chaturvedi K.K. , Sharma Anu , Srivastava Sudhir , Kumar Rajeev Ranjan
Published: September 2021

Now a days, Genomic Selection (GS) became a preferable choice for selection of appropriate candidate for animal and plant breeding research. Various studies related to GS has been done recently where it has shown potential benefits and advantages over traditional and conventional plant breeding methods. GS has been successfully implemented in various animal and plant breeding programs. It reduces the total costs by selecting the animals at early stage hence shorten the generation interval. Genomic selection is the future of livestock and plant breeding as it improves the genetic gain by decreasing genetic interval and improving reliability. Although there is a need of further investigation to improve the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding value and manage long-term genetic gain. This article provides a brief review what we have achieved through GS till yet and what is future scope and perspective in the GS research.