bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facing the effects of COVID-19 on Grade-12 students' education: A focus on science and mathematics instructions
Authors: Ukobizaba Fidele , Nizeyimana Gabriel
Published: October 2023

This study intends to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Grade 12 students' education, focusing on sciences and mathematics instructions, during the lockdown and after secondary schools reopening on 2nd November 2020 in Rwanda. The study also seeks the potential solutions to the challenges caused by this pandemic. This is a mixed research design that used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to collect data., Thus, 113 participants including 108 Grade 12 students, three directors of studies (DOSs) and two science teachers were purposively selected and used in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from DOSs and teachers. Besides, a survey questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from students. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data, while quantitative data was analyzed using percentages generated by Microsoft Excel 10. Results from this study revealed that students experienced learning loss during the lockdown period. The remote learning strategy adopted by Rwanda Education Board was not effective due to the lack of parental guidance, monitoring, and financial support. Some students were found preoccupied with household chores, while others embraced different jobs. Girls were involved in sexual exploitation and early marriages, which resulted in school drop-outs. Students' performance in science and mathematics has reduced. Talking to students, using extra hours, and preparing various assessments are some of the strategies being used today to mitigate the experienced learning loss. Hence, there is a call for educationists to take educational measures considering the effects of COVID-19 on students' academic, social, economic, and psychological perspectives for students' performance and lifelong learning.
Use of GeoGebra to Improve Performance in Geometry
Authors: Narh-Kert Millicent , Sabtiwu Rufai
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of this study was to use GeoGebra in the teaching and learning of Geometry among mathematics education students as well as in-service teachers, using an action research approach. The purposive sampling technique was used to select two public tertiary institutions for the study. The sample size consisted of 150 students comprising 51 from the University of Ghana and 99 from the University of Education, Winneba. Pre- and post- test design, involving teacher-made tests, were used during the experiment to collect data on the samples used. The paired samples t-test and analysis of covariance were used to analyse the scores of tests. The finding showed that there is a statistically significant improvement in the students’ scores and interest in the learning, as well as the teaching of Geometry. Also, the GeoGebra method made the lessons more practical and easier to understand. It is therefore recommended that mathematics teachers should incorporate GeoGebra in the teaching and learning of Geometry.
Analysis of Ghanaian Junior High School Pupils’ Perception of, and Attitude Towards, Mathematics
Authors: Asomah Richard Kyere , Crankson Samuel , Asiedu Kofi Joseph , Addai Dapaah Bright
Published: October 2023

This study is aimed at exploring the correlation that exist between Ghanaian junior high school (JHS) students’ perception and attitude towards mathematics, taking into account the influence of both attitude and perception in the teaching and learning of mathematics. An adaptation of the WIHIC and MAQ questionnaires, which is widely-used in mathematics related research, were used to obtain data from a sample of 320 JHS students from 18 public and private JHS in six circuits in the Cape Coast metropolis. The results of the study revealed that the JHS students in general had a positive attitude toward mathematics. The students’ perception towards mathematics was also reported to be favourable as a result of which a positively weak correlation between the students’ perception and attitude towards mathematics was also observed. Thus, the JHS students’ perception of mathematics to a large extent does not depend on their attitude. Situated in context, are the implications as discussed.
Modelling the Determinants of Students’ Performance in Mathematics
Authors: Mantey Gershon Kwame , Edusei-Tawiah Felix Kwabena , Osei Yeboah Dennis , Omari-Sasu Akoto Yaw
Published: October 2023

Mathematics is a subject most students perceived to be difficult and have consequently developed a phobia towards. This study aimed to model the determinants of students’ performance in core and elective mathematics and to unearth the various factors that make students perceive mathematics as a difficult subject. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect primary data from a total of 170 students in five (5) selected senior high schools (SHS). Whereas convenience non-probabilistic sampling was used to select the SHS and elective mathematics students, simple random sampling was employed in selecting core mathematics students. Results from a multiple linear regression analysis indicated that characteristics of students such as students’ fear of mathematics, parents’ level of education, students’ perception of the subject as being difficult, and students’ residential type (boarding or day) were significant determinants of students’ performance in mathematics. Results of a binary logistic regression showed younger students are about 4 times more likely to perceive mathematics to be a difficult subject compared to older students while students who generally fear the subject are about 19 times more likely to perceive the subject as difficult than those who have no mathematics anxiety or fear. Similarly, a student whose father had only basic education could perceive mathematics about 18 times difficult compared to those whose fathers went beyond basic education. The study recommends that in order to improve mathematics performance, students should be desensitized to misconceptions that the subject is for only top-notched students, more boarding facilities should be built, and students studying mathematics should be motivated by teachers and parents.
The pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of nursery school teachers in teaching and learning of geometry: A review of literature
Authors: Ndagiwenimana Emmanuel , Maniraho Jean Francois
Published: October 2023

This article explores studies that investigated pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of teachers, especially those at the nursery level, in teaching and learning mathematics, specifically geometry. It represents a review of literature on what is PCK, and its effectiveness in teaching and learning of mathematics specifically geometry in early foundation of education. We discussed about what different studies found on PCK of nursey school teachers. We conclude that children at nursery level need to be taught by the experienced and more educated teachers. Also, to better assist them it is essential to provide ongoing trainings, and they should acquire PCK more effectively during their study before they begin teaching services.
Fish biodiversity and abundance of Thomas Dam, Danbatta Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Attah T.C. , Isyaku B.U. , Abdul-Azeez H. , Olem S.Y.
Published: October 2023

Thomas Dam is one of the largest reservoirs in Kano, Nigeria and supports diverse fish species. Present study was carried out to assess the fish diversity status of the reservoir. Fish sampling was done monthly for a period of twelve months (January-December, 2022) using gill nets, cast nets, long lines, and different traps. A total of 1,318 fishes belonging to 6 families and 10 species were recorded during the study period. The results indicated Cichlidae as the dominant family represented by 4 species while Clariidae had representation with 2 species.  Alestiidae, Mormyridae, Latidae, and Protopteridae were represented by 1 species each. Monthly fish diversity analyzed using nMDS (stress=0.06031) indicated influence of seasonality on the biodiversity of the Dam. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM, P < 0.008, R = 0.47) show significant difference in fish assemblage structure between rainy season (June-September) and dry season (October-May). Also, Similarity percentage (SHRIMPER) analysis indicated 74.40% cumulative dissimilarity among the two Seasons contributed by five species; Protopterus annectens (29.85%), Brycinus nurse (15.47%), Oreochromis aureus (12.56%), Late niloticus (8.44%) and Sarotheroden galilaeus (8.08%). The fish diversity indices were calculated using PAST (version 3.22) software. Result of the diversity indices indicated Simpson’s diversity Index (1-D) and Shannon-Wiener index (H) values were highest during the months of rainy season of (1-D=0.85-0.89, H=2.06-2.24) indicating influence of the season on the fish diversity. The study concluded on the fact that changes of seasons have impact on the fish abundance and distribution of the Dam.
An Overview of Some Medicinal Plants used in Northern Nigeria for the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Hamza F.M. , Salim S.M.
Published: October 2023

Hypertension is one of the diseases that require long-term therapy and most of the drugs used

for the treatment of hypertension in Nigeria are expensive. The exorbitant drug price, coupled

with recent economic challenges, forced many people in Nigeria to resort to using plants they

believe to have antihypertensive activity due to their affordability and availability without proper knowledge of their functions and toxicity to the body. The study aimed to identify and

document plant species, plant products and method of preparations used by people in Northern Nigeria to control hypertension with the view of preserving the knowledge and

providing basis for pharmacological investigations. Data for the study were generated from

scientific databases using specific keywords such as “medicinal plants”, “hypertension” and

“Northern Nigeria”. The data generated were collated and analyzed in Microsoft Excel

spreadsheet. A total of 59 medicinal plant species belonging to 39 families used by the people

of Northern Nigeria to manage hypertension were documented. Out of the 39 families,

Fabaceae (7), Apocynaceae (3), Lamiaceae (3), and Malvaceae (3) were the most represented.

Among the 59 plant species documented Allium sativum (5), Hibiscus sabdariffa (4) and Carica papaya (4) were the most reported. The most used plant parts are leaves (36) and the least used are rhizomes (1), fruit water (1), kernel and gel (1). Decoction (46) was the most common method of preparation while the least was powder used in food (2). In addition, the antihypertensive properties of 50 of the 59 medicinal plants were previously experimentally tested and confirmed. Though the antihypertensive activity of most of the plants used were

experimentally verified and validated, further studies are required to identify toxicity and

appropriate dosage regimen of the plants
The growth of Desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca Del.) seedlings under varied rates of fertilizer and pot sizes in the nursery
Authors: Mukhtar R.B , Musa S. , Dantani A. , Inuwa A. , Abanikannda J.O
Published: October 2023

A study was carried out on the growth response of Desert date seedlings to varied rates of NPK fertilizer in different pot sizes. Polythene bags of various sizes (23× 8 cm, 23 ×14 cm and 23 × 26.4 cm) were filled with topsoil and later, viable seeds were directly sawn in each bag and two weeks after germination, NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer was applied at four (4) different levels (0 g, 5 g, 10 g and 15 g) per polythene bag. The experiment was arranged in 3× 4 × 5 factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design. Seedlings were efficiently watered and data were collected fortnightly for 10 weeks on percentage survival, stem height, collar diameter and number of leaves. The data were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and at P<0.05, the means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Tests. The treatments posed significant effects on the seedlings where the polythene bag size of 23 × 26.4 cm filled with 3 kg of topsoil without fertilizer performed best in all the variables assessed hence recommended for the production of seedlings of Desert date in the nursery.
Evaluation of in vitro antimalarial activity of Citrus aurantifolia (CHRISTM.) and Ziziphus mauritiana (LAM) using heme polymerization inhibition assay
Authors: Yangora Y.M , Usman A.D , Dabo N.T , Rabil A.K
Published: October 2023

Citrus aurantifolia and Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam) are plants that have numerous medicinal properties and are used extensively in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Malaria parasites metabolize haemoglobin and detoxify the resulting haem by polymerizing it to form haemozoin (malaria pigment). This study aimed at evaluating the antiplasmodial activity through in vitro cell-free heme polymerization inhibition assay (HPIA) of C. aurantifolia and Z. mauritiana. The analysis was conducted using a 96-well microtiter plate reader at an absorption of 400 nm, at different concentrations (0-2 mg/ml). The IC50 was determined by non-linear regression analysis using GraphPad Prism. The result indicated that both the root extracts of C. aurantifolia and Z. mauritiana showed significant difference (p˂0.0001) with IC50 of 0.81 mg/ml and 0.77 mg/ml respectively compared to positive control. Phytochemical screening of the ethanol root extracts showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, and anthraquinone, while tannins and reducing sugars were not detected in both samples used, flavonoid was detected in C. aurantifolia. Both the extracts exhibited potential for inhibiting heme polymerization in vitro.
Physicochemical and Heavy Metal Analyses of Leachate at Dumping Sites of Some Selected Areas in Damaturu Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Sulaiman K. , Abdullahi G.
Published: October 2023

Protection of surface and groundwater is a major environmental issue the importance of water to human quality of life is of great interest. This study was conducted to assess the physicochemical and heavy metal of leachate in surface water and soil sediment at dumping sites of Nayinawa and Babban-Tsangaya, Damaturu, Yobe State. Simple random sampling was used for collection of the samples. The physiochemical parameters were analyzed in accordance with standard analytical procedure. Concentration of heavy metals was determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Physiochemical analysis results showed significantly high dissolved oxygen (DO) (21.13 mg/L, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) (1115 and Turbidity (138.9 and 856.4 mg/L and sulphate (212.6 and 345 mg/L from both Nayinawa and Babban-Tsangaya, these revealed higher values of above WHO and NSDWQ permissible limit. However TDS was below FAO permissible limit. Heavy metals concentration for arsenic (2.17 mg/L, cadmium (2.27 mg/L) and chromium (1.89 mg/L) were also above WHO, FAO and NSDWQ permissible limit except lead (1.45 mg/L which was below FAO permissible limit. The development and application of integrated leachate treatment process of different physical, biological and chemical technologies could be a suitable option to reduce the contamination levels of the leachate. This study revealed that water from the study areas (Nayinawa and Babban-Tsangaya) has significant levels of heavy metal which poses a serious health risk to the people in the area.
Human fascioliasis: A diagnostic challenge in resource limited setting
Authors: Alemayehu Brook , Demissie Zekewos , Beyene Eyob
Published: October 2023

Fascioliasis, a disease caused by liver flukes. It is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases. There are only a few reports of fascioliasis from Ethiopia and no case with predominant extrahepatic presentation has been reported so far. We report a case of young woman, who presented with a two weeks of dry cough and generalized pruritus. Her workup revealed marked eosinophilia and multiple, hypodense, and hypovascular hepatic lesions. An enzymelinked assay became positive for Fasciola hepatica. Fasciola hepatica can present with predominant extra hepatic presentation and should be considered in patients presenting with urticaria, skin rash, cough and eosinophilia.
Dietary practice and its association with glycemic control among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Kitaw Firegenet Asnake , Megiso Muluken Zeleke , Yesuf Indris Ahmed , Tewodros Bersabel Hilawi , Shaweno Yohannes Shiferaw , Teklu Blen Solomon , Berhanu Mefthe Fikru , Weldesenbet Edengenet Solomon , Leulseged Tigist Workneh
Published: October 2023

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that needs a comprehensive management plan. The integral role of nutrition therapy in diabetes management is getting special attention in guidelines though the practice is in a primitive stage, especially in resource limited settings where lifestyle modifications have a large role in the overburdened healthcare system. Understanding the current dietary practice and its effect on disease control in settings where a tertiary level care is provided is a critical step in providing targeted intervention. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess dietary practice and its association with level of glycemic control among individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at two large tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2023 among 314 systematically selected individuals with T2DM who were on follow-up at diabetes clinics of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and summarized using frequency and median (interquartile range). To examine the association of dietary practice with level of glycemic control, a binary logistic regression model was run at 5% level of significance where Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% CI for AOR were used to interpret the results.Results: From the 314 participants, 146 (46.5%) patients had adequate knowledge regarding the recommended dietary practices and only 42 (13.4%) of the individuals practiced a healthy diet. A total of 107 (34.1%, 95% CI=29.0%-39.2%) had optimal glycemic control. Poor dietary practice (AOR=7.93, 95% CI=2.63-23.89, p<0.001), obesity (AOR=2.74, 95% CI=1.05-7.18%, p=0.04), and taking combination oral anti-diabetic drugs (AOR=6.22, 95% CI=3.05-12.69, p<0.001) were significantly associated with suboptimal glycemic control.Conclusions: Dietary knowledge and practice among individuals with T2DM were very low, as is the level of glycemic control, which are similar to studies conducted years back, indicating a lack of improvement in the desired behavior over time. Poor dietary practice in turn was associated with suboptimal glycemic control. It is important to target interventions that enhance the understanding and application of dietary practice in these individuals.
Association between medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes with their quality of life: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Borzouei Shiva , Ayubi Erfan , Bashirian Saeid , Karimi Nasim , Khazaei Salman
Published: October 2023

Background: Assess the impact of medication adherence on quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes in different setting and societies, can be considered as a great clinical importance. Therefore, this study was designed for evaluation of association between medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes with their QOL.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 diabetic type 2 positive cases referred to Endocrinology clinic in Hamadan City at the first six months of 2020. The short-form health survey SF-36 and MMAS-8 questionnaire was used for assessing health related QOL and medication adherence of patients, respectively. Correlations between each QOL domain with medication adherence were tested with Pearson's r coefficient.Results: Among investigated patients, 154 (55.2%) of them were male and vast majority were urban dweller (91.07%). The number of 101 patients (36.07%) had high treatment adherence. We found a significant and positive correlation between medication adherence and domains of emotional wellbeing, social functioning, general health and total score of QOL (P>0.05). While there was a significant negative correlation between medication adherence and role limitations due to physical health (r=-0.14, P=0.02).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, diabetic patients with poor QOL may have less medication adherence, then such patients should be integrated e.g. in self-care education programs and reinforcement interventions to improve QOL and medication adherence.
The agricultural value chains and poverty reduction: Assessment of Nigeria
Authors: Onuoha Onyinyechi Josephine , Sakanko Musa Abdullahi , Baba Sunday , Moses Adesanya Babatunde
Published: October 2023

Development has phases and occurs not just through putting and pushing necessary policies and programmes. The agricultural value  chains as a Century programme aims to rebrand farmers' access to the markets and resources they need to produce and sell their crops  at a higher price. This helps to increase their income, which can then be used to improve their living conditions and reduce poverty. On  this note, the study investigated the impact of the agricultural value chains on poverty reduction in Nigeria from 1990 to 2022. The study employed the Autoregressive Distributive Lag model (ARDL). The empirical findings revealed that the agricultural value chains have  inversely impacted poverty reduction in Nigeria in the short and long run. As a stop-gap measure, the government should promote agricultural value chain development to achieve organisational and institutional innovations that will empower people. Providing more  inputs, technical training, and financial service to the farmers to increase the production outlet should be encouraged.
Poverty Reduction Strategies: An Assessment of Development Initiatives in Africa
Authors: Nurudeen Sikiru Lanre , Adekola Abdulazeez Alao
Published: October 2023

The objective of virtually all development initiatives in Africa is poverty reduction. The crippling challenge of poverty facing most African  states is, by no means, a fresh one. However, the problem has assumed a disturbing dimension at the turn of the 21st Century, if we  compare African states with emerging economies in the global south. The paper adopts functionalism as a theoretical framework due to  the fact that African states have embraced the idea of integration, with African Union (AU) being a potential instrument of realising their  d `evelopment aspirations. Relying on secondary sources of data collection, it sought to gain in-depth understanding of previous studies,  in order to gain fresh insight and enriched perspectives. The paper examined selected continental and global development initiatives, as  well as their impact towards achieving the goal of poverty reduction in Africa. While noting that political stability is a major precondition  for economic growth, the paper noted that most African states are at sub-optimal level of economic performance because of high level of  impunity among the political leadership, abuse of due process and failure to adhere to global best practices. The paper observed that  the realities of the present interdependent world system dictate that there is no alternative to global partnership if African states are  desirous to make a break from their stunted growth and vicious cycle of poverty. The paper recommends that African states need to re- tool and refine their development strategies along the Asian trajectory. It concludes that only an African consensus on the utility of an  integration framework can help advance the goal of poverty reduction in the continent.
Błękit i rośliny lecznicze – słów kilka o indygo i nie tylko
Authors: Makowska-Wąs Justyna , Podolak Irma
Published: October 2023

Blue color and medicinal plants – a few words about indigo and more

Until the development of organic chemistry and the production of synthetic dyes in the second half of the 19th century, substances of natural origin were the only source of color compounds. These could be mineral, plant, and animal products, used in the form of raw products (e.g., crushed metals, minerals, animal fragments, or their excretions) and preparations derived from them. Among the plants we find many species that have been used as sources of coloring substances. They were valued primarily in the production of various utility or decorative fabrics and were used to dye natural fibers. Plant extracts or purified fractions of color compounds were also used as pigments in painting, in the illumination of books, and as substances that improve the look of medicines or foodstuffs. Some had medicinal significance per se. Among them, a small group of plant substances with a blue color is of special interest.

The most famous natural raw material of this group is indigo (Indigo), obtained from Indigofera tinctoria L. and its substitutes. Noteworthy is also the less known wood of the logwood (Haematoxylum campechianum L.), known as the blue tree. This work presents the history, uses, and therapeutic importance of the abovementioned raw materials and their contemporary use.
Dzikie rośliny w leczeniu codziennych dolegliwości Lasowiaków (na podstawie badań Franciszka Kotuli)
Authors: Czyż Lidia Maria
Published: October 2023

Wild plants used to cure common illnesses by Lasowians (based on research by Franciszek Kotula)

Medical first aid is needed at any time, in any community of people. This is may be difficult for groups isolated because of their place of residence. The ethnographic group of Lasowians, once inhabiting the region of the Sandomierz Primeval Forest, was extremely interesting because of its origins and daily occupations. This area was comprehensively explored by participants of the so-called research camps, organised by the Regional Museum in Rzeszów during the years 1960–1970. The research was mainly initiated by the historian and specialist in regional studies Franciszek Kotula (1900–1983). Those observing the daily life of the Lasowian villages, interviewed individuals who, being of middle age, could remember the realities and various aspects of their ancestors’ daily life. The various domains investigated included treatment of common illnesses with the use of wild or cultivated plants. The related findings, in a form of research reports, today are in the holdings of the Ethnographic Museum in Rzeszów. Analysis of these research reports, by reference to a Polish herbarium, as well as The Book of Herbs by Simon Syrenius, and contemporary literature discussing medicinal plants, shows that the use of plants in rural medicine changed little over the centuries. It is also interesting to consider the origins of medical knowledge presented by those providing premedical care, the question being whether the expertise was based on their own experience and long-standing practice, or perhaps the knowledge was transferred from written sources, present in the manor houses of the nobility, commonly employing rural women. In the 1930s, the areas inhabited by Lasowians were incorporated into the newly established Central Industrial Region, which radically changed the everyday living conditions of this ethnographic group. Its traditions are cultivated by amateur folk ensembles whereas the unique artefacts of Lasowian heritage are collected in the Ethnographic Park established in Kolbuszowa.
Najstarszy zachowany leksykon przyrodniczy na ziemiach polskich. Z warsztatu filologa i wydawcy. Kwestie edytorskie, perspektywy badawcze
Authors: Wolski Piotr
Published: October 2023

The oldest preserved botanico-medical lexicon in the Polish lands. A report from editorial and philological works. Editorial questions and scientifical problems

This article presents the main issues related to the development and critical edition of the oldest manuscript entirely devoted to the subject of botanical, zoological and pharmaceutical and originating from Poland. Such an issue requires a more detailed discussion and precise presentation to a broad audience not only due to the specific and atypical nature of the research papers, differences in the development of common-use Latin texts and literary texts but also due to its importance for other fields of science: the history of pharmacy and medicine. The article comprises the initial status quaestionis over the manuscript number ms225 – the opus of Jan Stanko, dated 1472, stored away in the Archives of the Krakow Cathedral Chapter. The manuscript has not yet been the subject of a detailed study; some crucial remarks on its subject are included in Józef Rostafiński’s Średniowieczna Historya Naturalna w Polsce, published in Cracow in 1900. By profession, Rostafiński was a botanist, thus his coverage vastly differs from the method in which the text would be analysed by a classical philologist and a book publisher. The article provides preliminary findings on the history of the manuscript, its characteristics and peculiarities, and also raises issues related to the methodology of codicological research facilitating the understanding of the text, including the complexity of the lexis used in the text. Parles the specifics of research on ancient texts that are not Piotr Wolski literary works. The final part of the article illustrates the main objectives: source and linguistic research, the principles of editorial work, as well as further research perspectives.
Taking Arms against a Sea of Troubles’: Intertextual Reverberations of Shakespeare in Translations of Ulysses
Authors: Wawrzycka Jolanta
Published: October 2023

The article explores challenges posed by intertextuality in translating James Joyce’s Ulysses. It focuses on references to Shakespeare to highlight the complexity of woes faced not only by the translators of Shakespeare but also by translators of Joyce who face Shakespearean intertextuality in Ulysses. The author selects three examples of Joyce’s Shakespearean borrowings from Hamlet, Othello, and Henry IV in French, Italian, and Polish translations of Ulysses, with a passing comment on an example from the Spanish Ulises, to show a wide range of solutions in target languages. The article concludes by suggesting that translators of Joyce must address intertextuality in Ulysses in order to fully capture the nuances of Joyce’s writing.
Assessment of Weathering Intensity and Pedogenesis of Lithosequence Located in Two Agroecological Zones of Nigeria
Authors: Babalola Temitope S. , Fasina Abayomi S , Oyewole Matilda O. , Ajayi Samuel O. , Adeyemo Jonathan A. , Amoloja Olabode
Published: October 2023

Elemental oxides can help to identify processes of soil formation and the degree of soil development. This study assessed soil development and weathering intensity in soils developed on schist and older granite in upland tropical rain forest and southern guinea savanna agro ecological zones of Nigeria. Soil profile samples were collected in each of the study locations. In the laboratory, total elemental oxides was determined using the energy dispersing X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) XRF SPEC (Minipal 4). The relative intensity of weathering of total elemental oxides was determined by choosing titanium as the suitable indexing element and the relative gain or loss of element was estimated using relative retained element (Ro) equation. Result obtained, revealed that SiO2 was the most abundant in the soils. Distribution of Al2O3 and CaO showed the direction of the pedogenic age. Older granite soil had higher values of Al2O3 and lower values of CaO. There was negative relationship of SiO2 with Al2O3 and Fe2O3. The trace elemental oxides were less than 1% and zirconium oxide was the most retained oxide in the soils. Soil which developed on schist retained more of the trace elements than soil on older granite. There was evidence of alitization, ferritization and desillication in the soils. Parent materials contributed to loss and gain of trace elemental oxides. Older granite soil was more weathered and pedologically older than schist derived soils.
Evaluation of the Suitability of Alfisol of Derived Savanna for Rice Production in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Babalola Temitope S. , Fasina Abayomi S , Kiriba Deodatus S. , Basga Simon D. , Ajayi Samuel O. , Oyewole Matilda O.
Published: October 2023

The combination of quantitative and qualitative studies in land evaluation is important for decision making on the adoption of specific land utilization type. This study evaluates the suitability of two locations for rice production in an alfisol of derived savanna, Ikole-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. Two locations; Ikole - Ijesa-Isu road (K1) and Ikole - Osin road (K2) were selected and a profile was dug in each of the site, described according to the standard and sampled for laboratory analysis of soil physic-chemical properties. Field experiment was conducted in 2022 cropping session to evaluate the performance of rice in the two locations. The locations were considered as the treatment and rice was planted in the representative portion of each of the site in four replicates. The experiment was a randomized completely block design. Recommended cultural practices for rice in the derived savannah zone of Nigeria were followed. Yield data were collected in tons per hectare and analyzed with T-test at 5% probability level.  Results obtained revealed that the soils pH ranged from 5.5 to 6.2, organic carbon is from 0.4 to 5.01% and total nitrogen from 0.08 to 0.19%.  K1 had actual index of suitability of 34.88 therefore rated marginally suitable while K2 was 19.37 for rice. The potential index of suitability of K1 was 80 highly suitable and K2 was 60 moderately suitable. Highest rice yield of 1.03 t ha-1 was obtained in K1. K1 was recommended as preferred location for rice cultivation in the study area. Suitability evaluation should be followed by qualitative experiment in order to make recommendations that are adoptable for farmers.
Design and Building of a Two-Stage Cascade Refrigeration System for Storage of Blood Plasma
Authors: Oginni Olarewaju , Bolaji Bukola , Ajani Olatunde
Published: October 2023

Daily life-saving transfusions rely on the usage of blood products in clinical and research settings. With its proteins used for replacement treatment, human blood plasma serves as the main source for a variety of therapeutic transfusions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, plasma-based therapy was one of the treatment modalities used to treat infectious infections and as a source of neutralizing antibodies in patients. The specialty of transfusion medicine was adversely impacted and faced a stockpile shortage because plasma must be quickly frozen within six hours of collection in order for its proteins and coagulation components to be of the optimum quality. As a result, the cascade refrigeration system is an innovative technology that can provide the required ultra-low freezing temperature and maintain the same temperature in storage for plasma management. The paper concentrated on the design and construction analysis of a two-stage cascade refrigeration system for quick freezing time, and storing plasma proteins at extremely low temperatures to prolong their limited shelf life in a sensitive, temperature-controlled storage system. The choice of refrigerants R404A and R410A is made for high temperature and low temperature circuits which are carefully selected based on study and analysis of the characteristics of different refrigerants for short-term freezing. The ultra-low temperature evaporator is achieved using a blend of two vapour compression refrigeration cycles thermally connected by a heat exchanger to produce a freezing temperature of -35 0C. For analysis, the system was charged with various weights of plasma weighing between 1 kg and 4 kg for two hours and a half hour and kept at a temperature of -35 0C. The system's dependability and practicality for extending plasma shelf life were assessed. After 72 hours of temperature-controlled storage, the results showed 75% efficiency and a negligible (0.4) plasma quality drop.
Assessing Contractors’ Selection Criteria for Improved Project Delivery
Authors: Agboola Shamsudeen A.
Published: October 2023

This research assesses the project delivery criteria for evaluating construction contractor, with specific application to construction projects in Jos. The paper adopted questionnaire survey conducted on construction professionals. Structured questionnaire was administered to 170 professionals to elicits information’s on criteria used for assessing contractors, out of which 148 representing 87.06% properly filled questionnaires were analyzed. The respondents were asked to rank 10 major criteria for selecting a contractor, 6 reason for selecting contractor base on bid, 5 factors on the need for selecting a contractor as conceptualized and identified from the literature.  The study deployed descriptive statistics such as relative importance index, mean rating and mean ranking for data analysis. The project delivery criteria were analyzed and the results indicated that base on bid with RII of 0.89, low price with RII of 0.88 and financial stability with RII of 0.86 were ranked as major criteria for selecting capable contractors. It was reasonably competitive, and the offer was close to our estimate, were rated high as factors for evaluating contractors base on bid. For selection of the most appropriate contractor and to fulfil the sponsor or other stakeholder’s requirement were rated high on the need for selecting a contractor. The identified factors were therefore recommended as criteria’s to be considered for assessing contractor for improved project delivery. Furthermore, this research will help decision makers, clients and others involved in construction project delivery to be well informed on contractor selection criteria that influences construction project delivery
Potential of Calcined and Uncalcined Termite Mounds as Pozzolans in Concrete Mix
Authors: Ikumapayi Catherine M. , Arum Chinwuba , Olaseinde Oluwatoyin A. , Omotayo Oluwafemi O. , Oniwide Eyitayo O.
Published: October 2023

High cost of construction materials especially concrete and steel coupled with environmental unfriendliness of cement pose a great problem in building and construction industries. This makes a case for increased advocacy for affordable and environmentally friendly materials. One of the envisaged solutions to this impending problem is the use of termite’s mound as pozzolan. The potential of utilizing these two forms of termite’s mounds in concrete mix design has been exploited in this research work. The compressive strength as well the elemental composition of the various mixes was employed in conjunction with statistical packages to assess the potentials of utilizing termite mound for construction purposes. The compressive strengths were obtained with the aid of universal testing machine of 1000.0kN capacity, the elemental compositions were obtained using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and models were also generated for predicting the compressive strength of either form of the termite’s mound using statistical package for social sciences. The results showed that the calcined form of termite’s mound has a compressive strength of 12.3 N/ mm2 and 12.6 N/mm2 for 5% and 10% percentage replacement respectively these values are comparable to the control mix compressive strength of 15.7 N/ mm2; This is an indication that calcined termites’ mound has a good potential of being used for concrete works in terms of compressive strength. The uncalcined form of termite’s mound has a compressive strength range of 6.9 N/mm2 to 6.0 N/mm2 for 5% and 10% respectively, this shows that its potential of being used for concrete work is very low and could therefore be recommended for making termite mound blocks. The greater compressive strength obtained in calcined termite mounds can be traced to the changes observed in the chemical composition of the calcined and uncalcined termites’ mounds.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN CRYOTHERAPY BERBASIS MODEL KONSEPTUAL LEVINE TERHADAP NYERI DAN KEKUATAN OTOT PASIEN POST OPERASI FRAKTUREKSTREMITAS BAWAH DI RSUD BAHTERAMAS SULTRA
Authors: Erman Erman
Published: October 2023

Fraktur merupakan gangguan lengkap dan tidak lengkap dalam suatu stuktur tulang sesuai pada jenis dan luasnya struktur tulang tersebut. Fraktur disebabkan karena tulang mengalami stress yang besar daripada yang dapat diserap oleh struktur tulang tersebut. Ketika tulang patah, struktur tetangga di sekitar tulang mungkin terpengaruh, mengakibatkan edema jaringan lunak, perdarahan sendi dan otot, ruptur tendon, dislokasi sendi, dan putusnya saraf serta kerusakan pembuluh darah, Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperiment dan pendekatan metode equivalent control group design. Sugiyono (2017: 107) mendefinisikan bahwa penelitian eksperimen yaitu penelitian yang digunakan untuk mencari pengaruh perlakuan tertentu terhadap yang lain dalam kondisi yang terkendali. Setelah intervensi dilakukan, peneliti langsung menilai pemulihan fraktur yang dirasakan oleh responden. Penilaian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Numeric Rating scale dan Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) yang diisi oleh peneliti berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan dari responden setelah intervensi. Setelah mendapatkan skor hasil dari responden maka peneliti mengumpulkannya kembali dan data dianalisis untuk menentukan kesimpulan akhir dari penelitian ini.
Relationship Of 25(Oh)D Umbilical Levels With Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Halim Felicia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between vitamin D levels in the umbilical cord with the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. This study used an analytical observational design in a cohort prospective. This study compared two groups based on the results of vitamin D measurements. Each group, then followed up to examine the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia. This research will be conducted from October 2022 to January 2023. Sample selection is done by consecutive sampling technique.  RESULTS: Of the 19 or 79.2% of infants with 25-hydroxy-vitamin D deficiency, they had hyperbilirubinemia. While in the group that did not experience deficiency, only 3 or 10.7% experienced hyperbilirubinemia. There was a difference in the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between infants who had 25-hydroxy-vitamin D deficiency compared to those without 25-hydroxy-vitamin D deficiency, with an RR of 6.71, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). 25-hydroxy-vitamin D deficiency was shown to be a factor associated with hyperbilirubinemia with an adjusted RR of 6.63. In conclusion, there is a strong relationship between 25(OH)D levels in the umbilical cord and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, where 25(OH)D deficiency is a risk factor for hyperbilirubinemia. Neonates with 25(OH)D deficiency are 6.63 times more likely to develop hyperbilirubinemia than those without 25(OH)D deficiency
Empowering MSMEs in Achieving Net Zero Emissions through Sustainability Reporting Implementation
Authors:   Nobel Indonesia Institute, Makassar, Indonesia, ulum Ilham Bahrul
Published: October 2023

This research explains how implementing sustainability reports in MSMEs can contribute to realizing Net Zero Emissions. In large numbers, MSMEs contribute significantly to the local, regional, and global economy. The method used in this research is a literature study. The conclusion of this research is the preparation of sustainability reports for MSMEs by compiling company profiles referring to the GRI Standards. GRI standards are a global best practice for publicly reporting various economic, environmental, and social impacts. Specifically, MSMEs calculate greenhouse gas emissions using a calculator developed by GRI. Empowering MSMEs to realize Net Zero Emissions through Central Bank support and Penta Helix collaboration.
Kelangsungan Hidup Janitor Tempatan dalam Sektor Pembersihan: Kajian Kes di Lembah Klang
Authors: Md Din Nurul Asmaa Akmal , Awang Pawi Awang Azman , Mohd Hussain Rosila Bee
Published: October 2023

Kerja pembersihan telah menjadi satu pintu kepada punca pendapatan warga tempatan untuk meneruskan kelangsungan hidup. Walaupun pekerjaan ini mempunyai stigma yang negatif, warga tempatan masih meneruskan kerjaya yang diceburi sebagai janitor untuk menjana pendapatan. Kajian ini dibuat untuk mengenalpasti layanan yang diterima oleh pekerja janitor Melayu yang menceburi sektor pembersihan serta menganalisis strategi yang digunakan oleh janitor Melayu untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi dalam sektor pembersihan ini. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif iaitu pemerhatian turut serta dan juga temu bual terperinci kepada tiga kumpulan sasaran yang terlibat dalam sektor pembersihan. Penganalisisan data dibuat berdasarkan kepada transkripsi hasil temu bual dan juga pemerhatian secara turut serta. Didapati hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa layanan negatif yang diberikan oleh masyarakat telah menyebabkan janitor ini merasakan kerja yang dibuat tidak dihargai dan tidak penting pada pandangan masyarakat. Justeru itu, strategi yang digunakan oleh janitor ini telah membantu janitor untuk mengekang masalah yang dihadapi dalam sektor pembersihan ini.
The Prevalence of Trichuris trichiura Infection among Primary School Pupils in Dantube, Dawakin-Kudu Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Rabiu Adamu  , Muhammad Haruna
Published: October 2023

The prevalence of whipworm infection (Trichuris trichiura) among primary school pupils in Dantube, Dawakin kudu local government Area of Kano State, between August, 2015 to January, 2016 was studied. Of the 400 samples collected and examined 101 (34.83%) were positive for single or multiple infections. The prevalence of the infection was significantly higher among males (75.25%, p-value 0.138) than females (24.75%, p-value 0.156) (p < 0.05). Children in the age group 4 – 6years had highest prevalence (43.66%) of whipworm infection and those between the ages of 13 – 15 years had (6.25%) the least infection. Those children who defecate in the bush were more likely to be infected than those who use modern toilet facility (R= 0.6). Analysis of the responses from the questionnaire shows that parents occupation, civil servant (odd ratio = 4.381) and business (odd ratio = 3.147) has a strong relationship between prevalence of the disease and the risk factor in the research area. Walking bare footed (odd ratio= 2.142) especially in areas where the soil is damp and moist throughout the year exposes the subject to infection. Hand washing activities (odd ratio = 3.71) have statistical significant effect on the prevalence of the infection. Personal hygiene, public health enlightenment programme should be encouraged particularly among school age children in the research area.