bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building success: the impact of talent recruitment on the growth of the construction industry
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ding Ning , Xue Rui , Han Yilong , Liu Chenyu
Published: July 2024

Purpose

In today’s digital era, talent recruitment can help address the growing shortage of skilled labor in the construction industry and promote sustainable growth. While existing research has explored the association between talent acquisition and local labor productivity or economic progress, the impact on construction growth deserves further study. This study aims to (1) explore the influence of talent recruitment on the growth of the construction industry and (2) analyze whether different regional characteristics shape the differential impact of talent acquisition on construction growth.

Design/methodology/approach

This research employs a quantitative approach, focusing on 35 major cities in China. A panel data regression model is utilized to analyze annual data from 2013 to 2018, considering variables like the construction talent recruitment index, value added in construction, gross regional product per capita and others. The study also examines regional heterogeneity and conducts robustness tests to validate the findings.

Findings

The results reveal a positive and significant correlation between talent recruitment and construction industry growth. This correlation is more pronounced in economically advanced and infrastructure-rich regions. The study also finds that factors like capital investment, educational attainment and housing prices significantly contribute to industry growth. Talent recruitment not only transforms local labor market dynamics but also drives demand for construction services, promoting industry growth through economies of scale.

Originality/value

This research constructs a new measurement for talent recruitment and provides new insights into the pivotal role of talent recruitment in the sustainable growth of the construction industry. It underscores the need for construction firms to tailor talent acquisition policies to their specific circumstances and regional developmental conditions. The findings offer practical guidance for driving regional growth within the sector, emphasizing the importance of talent recruitment as a key yet previously underappreciated factor in industry development.
Decoding mindfulness for organisations by exploring the perceptions of mindfulness masters: an indigenous approach
Authors: Saini Damini
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Researchers, academicians and practitioners are trying to make employees more mindful, as mindfulness brings a lot of excellence to work. This study aims to unwrap and decode the mindfulness procedure by identifying the crucial steps to ease the process for employees and organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

The qualitative research method assessed 20 semi-structured interviews with mindfulness experts in India and abroad. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the content generated by the data collection.

Findings

Though the understanding of mindfulness is univocal and standard, this investigation fills the gap of initial groundwork concerning thoughtlessness, as it remains a less observed area in earlier research in mindfulness. This research study also found organisational ways to enhance mindfulness in the system, such as ostentatious listening, detail orientation, deep discussions, one task at a time, etc.

Originality/value

The study is unique in that it explores the perceptions and views of mindfulness coaches and masters and tries to demystify the procedure of being mindful in organisations.
Unveiling the African growth puzzle: relationship between financial inclusion, debt sustainability and economic growth
Authors: Ahiase Godwin , Sari Maya , Andriana Denny , Nugraha Nugraha , Purnomo Budi Supriatono , Heryana Toni
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study examines the moderating role of debt sustainability on the nexus between financial and economic growth in African countries.

Design/methodology/approach

This study utilised data from various sources, such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund databases, specifically the World Development Indicators and Financial Access Survey. The data covered the period from 2004 to 2021 and focused on 53 African countries to examine the moderating effect of debt sustainability on the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth using a two-step generalised method of moments system with forward orthogonal deviations.

Findings

The study findings indicate a direct link between financial inclusion and economic growth in African nations. In particular, the availability and utilisation of mobile money services are significant factors in promoting financial inclusion. Our study also highlights that excessive debt can impede economic growth by limiting the capacity of financial institutions to offer loans and other vital financial services.

Practical implications

Policymakers in Africa should promote economic growth by prioritising financial inclusion through mobile money and ATMs while ensuring sustainable debt levels.

Originality/value

This study adds to the ongoing discussion on the relationship between FI and economic growth in African countries. It explores how debt sustainability affects this relationship, and emphasises the importance of finding a balance between financial inclusion and debt management for long-term economic growth and development.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2024-0062
Digital transformation in Vietnamese higher education: an epistemic network analysis of policy documents
Authors: Nguyen Huong Lan , Dang Belle , Hong Yvonne , Nguyen Andy
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to utilize Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) for a thorough evaluation of policy documents concerning the digital transformation in Vietnam's higher education sector.

Design/methodology/approach

Adopting a quantitative ethnography approach, this research employed ENA to analyse a curated collection of 21 documents that specifically addressed higher education (HE) and digital transformation within Vietnam. The study also incorporated qualitative content analysis, utilizing the constant comparison method as outlined by Onwuegbuzie et al. (2009), for data coding. ENA facilitated the examination of connections among various policy aspects.

Findings

The study revealed a consistent overarching theme in Vietnam's digital transformation policies during and post-pandemic, focusing on key areas such as ADMINISTRATION, VISION, QUALITY, and INFRASTRUCTURE. However, a temporal shift in emphasis was observed: during the pandemic, policies were more focused on ADMINISTRATION and INFRASTRUCTURE, while post-pandemic, there was an increased emphasis on COLLAB, VISION, and TEACH_LEARN.

Originality/value

This research represents one of the initial efforts to showcase the utility and significance of ENA in analysing policy documents. It underscores ENA's potential in elucidating the complex interplay of policy elements in the context of digital transformation in higher education, particularly within a developing country setting.
Irisin preserves mitochondrial integrity and function in tubular epithelial cells after ischemia–reperfusion‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Cui Yu , Yu Lu , Cong Wenqi , Jiang Shan , Qiu Xingyu , Wei Chunchun , Zheng Gui , Mao Jianhua , Liu Ruisheng , Patzak Andreas , Persson Pontus B. , Chen Jianghua , Zhao Liang , Lai En Yin
Published: July 2024

Aims

A myokine secreted by skeletal muscles during exercise called irisin mitigates ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury in epithelial cells of various organs by limiting damage to mitochondria. We test whether irisin may preserve the mitochondrial integrity and function in renal tubular epithelial cells and protect against ischemia–reperfusion‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods

We correlated serum irisin levels with serum creatinine and BUN levels from both AKI patients and healthy individuals. In mice with irisin administration, various renal injury markers such as serum creatinine, BUN, kidney injury molecule‐1 (Kim‐1), and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and renal histopathology were assessed after I/R. To identify the potential mechanisms of the protective of irisin's protective effect, we perfused proximal tubules under confocal microscopy and analyzed kidney tissues by qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry.

Results

Serum irisin correlated inversely with serum creatinine and BUN levels were significantly lower in AKI patients than in healthy subjects. Administering irisin to mice after I/R decreased biomarker levels for AKI including serum creatinine, BUN, Kim‐1, NAGL and lessened histological changes. In kidney tissues of mice, irisin upregulated the mitochondrial autophagy marker protein microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), the mitochondrial autophagy pathway‐related proteins PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkinson's disease 2 parkin (PARK2) and downregulated the reactive substrate protein sequestosome 1 (P62) and mitochondrial membrane proteins translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) and translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23 (TIM23).

Conclusion

Irisin protects against renal I/R injury, which may involve the preservation of mitochondrial integrity and function.
Start‐up acquisitions, strategic R&D, and the entrant's and incumbent's direction of innovation
Authors: Dijk Esmée S. R. , Moraga‐González José L. , Motchenkova Evgenia
Published: July 2024

An entrant and an incumbent allocate their research funds across a rival and a non‐rival market. The prospect of an acquisition distorts both players' incentives to allocate funding. Allowing for acquisitions may improve both players' innovation direction and consumer surplus. Under conditions, the incumbent, anticipating monopolization rents in the rival market, moves R&D towards that market. This “incumbency for buyout” effect lowers the rents the entrant obtains from the contestable market, which gives it incentives to move R&D resources away from the rival market. Such strategic interaction in the R&D market has implications for the assessment of start‐up acquisitions.
Updated criteria for the approval of subsequent pregnancy after cesarean section with a transverse uterine fundal incision based on 17 years of experience
Authors: Shibata Takashi , Nishijima Koji , Nakago Satoshi , Kotsuji Fumikazu
Published: July 2024

In the case of placenta previa‐accreta when the placenta covers the entire anterior uterine wall, it is difficult to avoid transecting the placenta by traditional low‐transverse cesarean section (CS), resulting in catastrophic hemorrhage and fetal anemia. To prevent this critical risk, we developed the CS with transverse uterine fundal incision (TUFI) and this technique has been widely used as a beneficial surgical method in clinical practice owing to its safety advantages for the mother and neonate since our first report. However, the risk of uterine rupture during a subsequent pregnancy remains unclear. Based on our 17 years of experience, patients who require TUFI do not need to avoid this beneficial operative method simply because of their desire to conceive again, as long as certain conditions can be met. To approve a post‐TUFI pregnancy, an appropriate suture method, delay in conception for at least 12 months with evaluation of the TUFI scar, and cautious postoperative management are at a minimum essential. In this article, we showed our recommendation for operative procedure and discuss the current status of the management of post‐TUFI pregnancies based on the evaluation of the TUFI wound scar and experience with postoperative pregnancies.
A cystathionine beta‐synthase domain containing protein, OsCBSCBS4, interacts with OsSnRK1A and OsPKG and functions in abiotic stress tolerance in rice
Authors: Tomar Surabhi , Subba Ashish , Chatterjee Yajnaseni , Singhal Nitin Kumar , Pareek Ashwani , Singla‐Pareek Sneh Lata
Published: July 2024

The Cystathionine‐β‐Synthase (CBS) domain‐containing proteins (CDCPs) constitute a functionally diverse protein superfamily, sharing an evolutionary conserved CBS domain either in pair or quad. Rice genome (Oryza sativa subsp. indica) encodes 42 CDCPs; their functions remain largely unexplored. This study examines OsCBSCBS4, a quadruple CBS domain containing protein towards its role in regulating the abiotic stress tolerance in rice. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulation of OsCBSCBS4 in response to diverse abiotic stresses. Further, the cytoplasm‐localised OsCBSCBS4 showed interaction with two different kinases, a cytoplasmic localised cGMP‐dependant protein kinase (OsPKG) and the nucleo‐cytoplasmic catalytic subunit of sucrose‐nonfermentation 1‐related protein kinase 1 (OsSnRK1A). The interaction with the latter assisted in trafficking of OsCBSCBS4 to the nucleus as well. Overexpression of OsCBSCBS4 in rice resulted in enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stress, via maintaining better physiological parameters and antioxidant activity. Additionally, OsCBSCBS4‐overexpressing rice plants exhibited reduced yield penalty under stress conditions. The in silico docking and in vitro binding analyses of OsCBSCBS4 with ATP suggest its involvement in cellular energy balance. Overall, this study provides novel insight into the unexplored functions of OsCBSCBS4 and demonstrates it as a new promising target for augmenting crop resilience.
The Role of Social Media Sites in Enhancing Customer Voluntary Behavior An Exploratory Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Citizens in Nineveh Governorate
Authors: AL-Mulla hasan Mohammad
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of the social networking sites in customer voluntary behaviour in the form of four dimensions (sportmanship behaviour, participation in creativity, assistance, and civilized behaviour). Social networking sites represent an interactive field in the digital environment through which data, information, opinions and suggestions are exchanged. As for the voluntary behaviour of the customer, it is the actions that the customer performs to improve his consumption of products as well as improve the environment in which he/ shelives the researcher sought to include in this research the two variables (social networking sites and customer voluntary behaviour) in a comprehensive framework in an attempt to study the nature of the relationship between these variables, through the opinions of a sample of citizens in Nineveh Governorate. The hypotheses were tested using statistical methods for the data collected through the questionnaire form. An electronic questionnaire was designed using the Google Form program and published via electronic platforms for the targeted sample, yield 5620 responses. The study showed there is a positive correlation between social networking sites and customer voluntary behaviour. Also, social networking sites have a positive effect on customer voluntary behaviour. The findings from this present research are expected to benefit the government and civil society organizations and the researchers that specialized in marketing studies.
Knowledge Sharing at the Workplace: Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Mohammad Yusoff Alia Umayrah , Mohammad Fadzli Fatin Nadhirah , Abdul Rahman Maria Atikah , Mohd Fadli Puteri Nurafiqah , Puteh Fadilah
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to examine challenges and the way forward regarding knowledge sharing in the workplace. Two main themes have been identified to provide a deeper understanding of the topic. Further observation and analysis of these main themes have led to the development of four sub-themes for this research. This systematic review article focuses on knowledge sharing, its challenges and articles related to workplace topics. Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) are utilised in this study. The articles selected for this systematic review were retrieved from databases, namely Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), and were published between 2020 and 2024. Out of the 398 articles identified, a total of 13 articles were systematically analysed. From the analysis of these articles, two main themes and four sub-themes emerged: 1) Knowledge Hiding: Physiological Hindrance and Leader Influence; 2) Organizational Culture: Leadership Effectiveness and Employee Innovation.
Synchronous Online Teaching Practices: A Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Yong Keow , Mohd Zaid Norasykin , Tasir Zaidatun
Published: July 2024

This scoping review seeks to comprehensively summarise existing research on teaching practices employed in synchronous online learning, aiming to identify gaps in the literature and thereby contribute to the advancement and evaluation of future strategies for synchronous learning sessions. Employing a systematic scoping review methodology, the study searched three major databases—Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science—utilising the keywords 'synchronous' and 'teaching practices'. The research inquiries guiding this study are twofold: 1) To elucidate the spectrum of teaching practices utilised in synchronous online learning; and 2) To delineate the demographic and contextual characteristics that define the application of these teaching practices. Notably, the study excludes hybrid learning scenarios that involve face-to-face interaction. Inclusion criteria encompass publications in English, spanning the years 2015 to 2023, and teaching practices substantiated through scientific research. The chosen practices were meticulously reviewed based on study populations and contextual settings. In total, 13 synchronous online teaching practices were identified, and categorised according to the teaching presence elements of the Community of Inquiry Model (COI): design and organisation, direct instruction, and facilitating discourse. Most studies focused on university and higher education contexts, with limited representation at the K-12 level, particularly in elementary education.
WATER SYSTEM MODIFICATIONS FOR THE OPTIMAL INTEGRATED ENERGY-WATER SYSTEMS DESIGN CONSIDERING THE ENERGY-WATER-CARBON NEXUS
Authors: Naveed Urwah , Mohammad Rozali Dr. Nor Erniza , Mahadzir Shuhaimi
Published: July 2024

One of the biggest challenges to global stability and economic growth is climate change. Numerous research has been carried out considering the nexus between energy and carbon emissions in an integrated energy-water system. The water sector and its resultant carbon emissions are mostly neglected even though the amount of carbon discharge from water systems contributes significantly to global warming. The carbon footprint from various water sources should also be assessed to establish optimal integrated systems with minimal environmental impact. This paper aims to study the effects of carbon emissions from the water sector on the design of integrated energy-water systems. A framework consisting of the Water Pinch Planning Diagram (WPPD) technique is proposed to calculate the carbon emission from the processing of two water sources i.e., freshwater, and treated water in an integrated energy-water system. Design modifications on the water processes are proposed to achieve the desired carbon emissions target for the integrated system. The results from the case study show that freshwater supply and use in the manufacturing process emits 86% more carbon as compared to treated water because its supply volume to fulfill the water demand is higher by 66%. Water sources supply volume was adjusted accordingly, and a 5% carbon emissions reduction has been achieved. Considering carbon emissions from the water sources and the carbon discharge from the energy system can provide more realistic targets for energy, water, and carbon emission for the optimal design of an integrated energy-water system.
The Evolution of Aortic Cannula Modification: A Mini Review
Authors: Che Aziz Maizatul Nadwa , Darlis Nofrizalidris , Asnida Abdul Wahab  , Kahar Osman  , Md. Khudzari Ahmad Zahran
Published: July 2024

Aortic cannulation is a surgical technique used in cardiac surgery to establish extracorporeal circulation, enabling the surgeon to bypass the heart's function temporarily during procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve replacement, aortic aneurysm repair, and congenital heart defect corrections. This technique involves accessing the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and connecting it to a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine, which takes over the pumping function of the heart and provides oxygenated blood to the body's organs and tissues. Aortic cannulation is a critical step in cardiac surgery, providing the necessary access to the heart and vasculature while ensuring adequate perfusion of vital organs during surgical interventions. Careful attention to patient selection, cannula placement, and intraoperative monitoring is essential to optimize outcomes and minimize complications. To appreciate the contemporary landscape of aortic cannulation, it is imperative to embark on a historical journey through its evolution. The roots of aortic cannulation trace back to the pioneering efforts of early cardiac surgeons. Their ingenuity and perseverance laid the foundation for the refined techniques in practice today. Over the years, aortic cannulation techniques have undergone a metamorphosis, driven by advances in surgical instruments, technology, and a deepening understanding of cardiovascular physiology.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ELECTRICALLY AND INDUCTIVELY ACTUATED SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY NITI WIRE USING TENSILE TESTING
Authors: Sivasanghari Karunakaran  , Abdul Majid Dayang Laila Abang , Husam Yahya Imran
Published: July 2024

Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have the capability to actuate high forces while being compact, making them a potential replacement for complex electromechanical systems especially in aerospace applications. Common heating technique of SMA actuator is electrical heating. However, the actuation capability of SMA is dependent on the heat transfer mechanism of SMA as it is very sensitive to temperature and stress, thus lead to the difficulty in controlling mechanism. Owing to the complex controllability of heating techniques, the induction heating technique for SMA wire was undertaken in this investigation and proposed to be promising technique for SMA. A comparison between electrical heating and induction heating were performed using tensile testing. The tensile loading was performed using Instron 3366 Universal Testing Machine (UTS) with a 5 kN load cell and strain rate of 0.04 mm/min. A series of experiment at three different activation temperatures of 60°C,70°C and 80°C were performed for both the electrical and induction heating technique. The electrical actuation was done through power supply, whereas the inductive actuation was done through a specially developed heat control chamber comprises electromagnetic coil. The stress-strain curve for loading path was developed for both techniques and were compared. The results showed that the loading profile for inductively actuated wire was similar to the loading pattern of SMA superelasticity performance compared to electrical actuated wire which was nonlinear and serrated.  In conclusion, induction heating technique is seemed to be a promising method to actuate SMA precisely.
STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR OF NOTCHED HYBRID RECYCLED CARBON COMPOSITE
Authors: Naufal M. I. , Yeu C. C. , Gan K. W. , Israr Ahmad Haris Ahmad , Nejad A. F. , Wong K. J.
Published: July 2024

Recycled carbon fiber (r-CF) holds significant promise for reducing both production waste and costs associated with its manufacturing, which is characterized by high energy intensity. However, its full potential remains untapped due to limited understanding of its mechanical behavior, particularly concerning stress concentration factors in notched recycled carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (r-CFRP). This study is dedicated to investigating the mechanical properties of r-CFRP and characterizing the tensile behavior of notched composites. Additionally, it explores new functionalities of r-CF and introduces a methodology for correlating strain fields obtained from digital image correlation (DIC) with stress concentration factors (SCF). Three types of composite materials—glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), r-CFRP, and hybrid GFRP/r-CFRP—are included in this research, encompassing both unnotched and notched composites subjected to tensile tests. DIC was chosen as the strain field measurement technique for its enhanced accuracy and speed compared to conventional methods such as strain gauges. The analysis revealed that GFRP exhibits the highest Young's Modulus (E) at 19.64 ± 0.72 MPa, followed by hybrid GFRP/r-CFRP at 15.22 ± 0.99 MPa and r-CFRP at 12.97 ± 0.48 MPa. For notched composites, this study analyzed SCF and strength retention for each material. r-CFRP exhibits the highest SCF at 1.57 and the lowest strength retention at 63.70%, signifying its high notch sensitivity. However, the incorporation of r-CFRP in hybridization with GFRP enhances the SCF to 1.46 and increase the strength retention to 81.02%, which was the highest among the three laminates. These results demonstrate that r-CFRP has the potential to mitigate stress concentration, making it an ideal material for producing notch-insensitive hybrid glass fiber composites.
An update on pacemaking in the myometrium
Authors: Wray Susan , Taggart Michael J.
Published: July 2024

Timely and efficient contractions of the smooth muscle of the uterus – the myometrium – are crucial to a successful pregnancy outcome. These episodic contractions are regulated by spontaneous action potentials changing cell and tissue electrical excitability. In this short review we will document and discuss current knowledge of these processes. Those seeking a conclusive account of myometrial pacemaking mechanisms, or indeed a definitive description of the anatomical site of uterine pacemaking, may be disappointed. Rather, after almost a century of investigation, and in spite of promising studies in the last decade or so, there remain many gaps in our knowledge. We review the progress that has been made using recent technologies including in vivo and ex vivo imaging and electrophysiology and computational modelling, taking evidence from studies of animal and human myometrium, with particular emphasis on what may occur in the latter. We have prioritized physiological studies that bring us closer to understanding function. From our analyses we suggest that in human myometrium there is no fixed pacemaking site, but rather mobile, initiation sites produce the connectivity for synchronizing electrical and contractile activity. We call for more studies and funding, as physiological understanding of pacemaking gives hope to being better able to treat clinical conditions such as preterm and dysfunctional labours.

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Paratesticular fibrous pseudotumour: a rare cause of an intrascrotal mass
Authors: Benn Matthew , Morton Andrew , Hii Wesley
Published: July 2024

This report describes a boy in his early adolescence who was referred to a urologist with a large, painless right scrotal mass. Following a thorough workup, the patient underwent surgical removal of the mass, which was revealed to be a paratesticular fibrous pseudotumour (PFP) on histopathological analysis. This diagnosis is rare and can often prove difficult to distinguish from a malignant lesion within the scrotum. We have conducted a review of the current literature surrounding PFP to compliment the case discussion.
Spreading and scaling innovation and improvement: understanding why the differences matter
Authors: Bevan Helen , Ketley Diane , Cawthorne Roseanna , Stavropoulou Charitini , Scarbrough Harry
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we make a distinction between spreading and scaling innovations and spreading and scaling good practices for improvement, as many healthcare change practitioners often feel there is a “muddle” between them. We argue there are multiple factors where the spread and scale factors are similar for innovation and improvement, such as enabling leadership, the capacity and capability for spread and scale, a process of behaviour change, use of data and evidence and system alignment. However, there are multiple characteristics that may be different, including the level of complexity, the nature of the intervention, the approach to fidelity and adaptability, the source of the innovation or improvement and the outcome metrics. These insights enable us to be better equipped to design and deliver successful spread and scale strategies tailored to the specific intervention and situation and realise the full benefits of our change initiatives.
Investigation of the flow behavior of a water-based hybrid nanofluid containing silver and titanium oxide nanomaterials between two angular rotating disks: A numerical approach
Authors: AL-Essa Laila A. , Almutlak Salmeh A. , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Raizah Zehba , Saeed Anwar , Khan Arshad
Published: July 2024

Hybrid nanofluid models have the potential to significantly enhance heat transport in many applications, like coolant of electric devices, thermal energy storage, and heat exchangers. Therefore, the existing problem deals with the simulation of heat and mass transport due to the three-dimensional hybrid nanoliquid flow amid two gyrating disks containing silver Ag and titanium oxide TiO2 nanoparticles. Further, a magnetic field is employed normally to flow’s direction. Applications of Darcy–Forchheimer law are discussed in terms of the porous medium. The utilization of the Cattaneo–Christov model is considered for analyzing heat and mass transmission. Additionally, the influence of thermal radiation, non-uniform heat sink/source, and Brownian diffusivity are discussed in the flow analysis. The problem is designed on the basis of the higher-order nonlinear PDEs which are then converted to ODEs using appropriate variables. Using the numerical technique known as the shooting technique in MATLAB, the reduced mathematical structure is solved numerically. From this study, it is analyzed that the axial velocity profile is weakened near the upper disk but the axial velocity profile is amplified near the lower for upsurge in the magnetic factor and porosity parameter. Hybrid nanofluid concentration is lower for higher Schmidt numbers.
Intelligent Image Compression Model on the Basis of Wavelet Transform and Optimized Fuzzy C-Means-Based Vector Quantisation
Authors: Chavan Pratibha Pramod , Singh Mayank
Published: July 2024

Compressed images are frequently used to accomplish computer vision tasks. There is an extensive use of traditional image compression standards including JPEG 2000. However, they would not consider the present solution. We determined a new image compression model that was inspired by the existing research on the medical image compression model. Here, the images are filtered at the preprocessing step to eradicate the noises that exist. The images are then decomposed using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The outcome is then vectored quantized. In this step, we employ optimisation-assisted fuzzy [Formula: see text]-means clustering for vector quantisation (VQ) with codebook generation. Considering this as an optimisation issue, a new hybrid optimisation algorithm called Bald Eagle Updated Pelican Optimization with Geometric Mean weightage (BUPOGM) is introduced to solve it. The algorithm is a combination of pelican optimisation and bald eagle optimisation, respectively. Quantised coefficients are finally encoded via the Huffman encoding process, and the compressed image is represented by the resultant bits. The outcome of the proposed work is satisfactory as it performs better than the other state-of-the-art methods.
Soft Graphs: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Jose Jinta , George Bobin , Thumbakara Rajesh K.
Published: July 2024

Molodtsov’s introduction of soft set theory marked a significant advancement in managing uncertainty, addressing the limitations of classical set theory in handling imprecise and vague information. This versatile framework has since been extensively explored, leading to sophisticated models for decision-making and medical diagnosis. Building on the principles of soft set theory, the concept of soft graphs was introduced to enhance the representation and analysis of uncertain information. Soft graphs incorporate parametrization, enabling dynamic modeling of graph-based relationships across various contexts and applications. This innovative approach creates multiple, adaptable representations that better reflect real-world complexities. This survey paper provides a comprehensive guide to the evolution of soft graphs, starting with an overview of the origins and basic concepts of soft set theory, highlighting its strengths and applications. It then delves into the development of soft graphs, explaining their theoretical foundations and methodologies. The paper explores how soft graphs have been used to model and solve problems in different domains, emphasizing their flexibility and effectiveness. By examining both foundational concepts and contemporary research advancements, this paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers interested in the applications of soft set theory and soft graphs in managing uncertainty and imprecision.
Application of Targeted Y‐Chromosomal Capture Enrichment to Increase the Resolution of Native American Haplogroup Q
Authors: Köksal Zehra , Børsting Claus , Bailliet Graciela , Burgos Germán , Carvalho Elizeu , Casas-Vargas Andrea , Castillo Adriana , Gomes Marilia Brito , Martínez Beatriz , Ossa Humberto , Parolin María Laura , Quiroz Alfredo , Toscanini Ulises , Usaquén William , Velázquez Irina F. , Vullo Carlos , Gusmão Leonor , Pereira Vania
Published: July 2024

Y‐chromosomal haplogroups and the Y‐SNPs defining them are relevant for the exploration of male lineages, inference of paternal ancestry, and reconstruction of migration pathways, to name a few. Currently, over 300,000 Y‐SNPs have been reported, defining 20 main haplogroups. However, ascertainment bias in the investigations has led to some haplogroups being overlooked, which hinders a representative depiction of certain populations and their migration events. For migration pattern analyses of the first settlers of the Americas, the Native American main founding lineage Q‐M3 needs to be further investigated to allow clear genetic differentiation of individuals of different ethnogeographic origins. To increase the resolution within this haplogroup, a total of 7.45 Mb of the Y chromosome of 59 admixed South Americans of haplogroup Q was targeted for sequencing using hybridization capture enrichment. Data were combined with 218 publicly available sequences of Central and South Americans of haplogroup Q. After rigorous data processing, variants not meeting the quality criteria were excluded and 4128 reliable Y‐SNPs were reported. A total of 2224 Y‐SNPs had previously unknown positions in the phylogenetic tree, and 1291 of these are novel. The phylogenetic relationships between the Y‐SNPs were established using the software SNPtotree in order to report a redesigned phylogenetic tree containing 300 branches, defined by 3400 Y‐SNPs. The new tree introduces 117 previously undescribed branches and is the most comprehensive phylogenetic tree of the Native American haplogroup Q lineages to date. The 214 sequences were assigned to 135 different low‐ to high‐resolution branches, while in the previous phylogenetic tree, only 195 sequences could be sorted into 14 low‐resolution branches with the same quality criteria. The improved genetic differentiation of subhaplogroup Q‐M3 has a great potential to resolve migration patterns of Native Americans.
Radiodensities of Skeletal Muscle and Visceral Adipose Tissues Are Prognostic Factors in Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bradshaw Patrick T. , Olsson Linnea T. , Sanchez Alejandro , Knezevic Andrea , Akin Oguz , Scott Jessica M. , Hakimi A. Ari , Russo Paul , Caan Bette J. , Mourtzakis Marina , Furberg Helena
Published: July 2024

Background:

Body composition may be related to survival in patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but studies have not simultaneously considered adipose and muscle tissue quantity and radiodensity.

Methods:

We analyzed data from 1,022 patients with ccRCC who underwent nephrectomy between 2000 and 2020 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Skeletal muscle, visceral adipose tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue indexes (cm2/m2) and radiodensities [Hounsfield units (HU)] were assessed from noncontrast presurgical CT scans; clinical and demographic characteristics were available from the time of surgery. HRs and confidence intervals were estimated for overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) through March 2023 in multivariable models that simultaneously accounted for all body composition measures.

Results:

The median age of the patients was 58 years, 69% were male, and 90% were White. There were 169 OS events over 8,392 person-years and 253 DFS events over 7,753 person-years of follow-up. In adjusted analyses, poor OS was associated with lower skeletal muscle radiodensity [−10 HU, HR (95% confidence interval), 1.37 (1.05–1.77)] and greater visceral adipose tissue radiodensity [+10 HU, 1.66 (1.06–2.59)], with similar findings for DFS. Poor survival was also associated with greater visceral adipose tissue index [+40 cm2/m2, OS: 1.32 (0.97, 1.79); DFS: 1.33 (1.04, 1.71)]. Associations with skeletal muscle radiodensity were limited to patients with stage 1/2 disease.

Conclusions:

Radiodensities of skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissues may be novel presurgical prognostic factors for patients with ccRCC.

Impact:

The findings underscore the importance of evaluating the full range of body composition features simultaneously in multivariable models.
Supplementary Figures S1-S10 from ZNF397 Deficiency Triggers TET2-Driven Lineage Plasticity and AR-Targeted Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Xu Yaru , Yang Yuqiu , Wang Zhaoning , Sjöström Martin , Jiang Yuyin , Tang Yitao , Cheng Siyuan , Deng Su , Wang Choushi , Gonzalez Julisa , Johnson Nickolas A. , Li Xiang , Li Xiaoling , Metang Lauren A. , Mukherji Atreyi , Xu Quanhui , Tirado Carla R. , Wainwright Garrett , Yu Xinzhe , Barnes Spencer , Hofstad Mia , Chen Yu , Zhu Hong , Hanker Ariella B. , Raj Ganesh V. , Zhu Guanghui , He Housheng H. , Wang Zhao , Arteaga Carlos L. , Liang Han , Feng Felix Y. , Wang Yunguan , Wang Tao , Mu Ping
Published: July 2024

Figure S1. ZNF397-deficiency has bifurcated effects on PCa with or without AR inhibition. Figure S2. The impact of ZNF397-deficiency on AR protein and AR cistrome. Figure S3. ZNF397 is required for the activation of canonical AR transcriptional program. Figure S4. ZNF397-KO impairs DHT-induced AR signaling activation. Figure S5. ZNF397-KO promotes multilineage and lineage plastic gene expression. Figure S6. ZNF397-KO promotes stem-like and EMT-like transcriptional programs. Figure S7. ZNF397-KO led to induction of TET2 downstream genes. Figure S8. ZNF397-KO promotes transcriptional activation of TET2 downstream genes. Figure S9. ZNF397-deficiency has bifurcated effects on AR-dependent vs AR-independent PCas. Figure S10. Targeting TET2-driven epigenetic rewiring to overcome resistance.
Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bazmi Elham , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Talebian Moahmmad Taghi , Afrooghe Arya , Sahraian Mohammad Ali
Published: July 2024

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS), as an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, has a significant burden among people worldwide. Tobacco smoking is one of the most prevalent habits of patients with different diseases including those with MS, and among the methods of use, waterpipe tobacco smoking is gaining popularity. Herein, we aimed to systematically evaluate the association between waterpipe smoking and MS. Methods: Relevant studies were identified to be included in this systematic review and meta-analysis through a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies were screened by the title/abstract and then by their full text. Extraction of data was performed for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between waterpipe smoking and MS were used to pool the results observed in each study. Results: After the screening, a total of five studies were included in our systematic review, comprised of 3,087 individuals, among which there were 1,135 cases with MS. Random-effect meta-analysis revealed that ever-smoking waterpipe had a significant association with MS (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.38–2.17, p value <0.0001). Similarly, past waterpipe smoking was significantly higher in those with MS, compared with controls (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.61–2.92, p value <0.0001). Based on the reported results, smoking both tobacco and waterpipe had an additive association with MS. Finally, no association was found between the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and waterpipe smoking. Conclusion: Waterpipe as one of the common ways of tobacco smoking becoming popular has an association with MS, and even the use of waterpipe for a certain period in the lifetime has a significant correlation with MS. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings. These results could help clinicians in risk-stratifying the patients and to provide better care for the MS population.
O noticiário político e econômico do jornal nacional: uma análise da função pedagógica do telejornalismo em mãe Luíza, Natal – RN
Authors: Tindou Jacinta dos Santos , Costa Adriano Medeiros
Published: July 2024

This article is an excerpt from the Course Completion Work in the Journalism Course at the Department of Social Communication at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The objective of this study is to present the degree of understanding of the political and economic editorials of Jornal Nacional among viewers living in the peripheral neighborhood of Mãe Luiza, located in the East Zone of Natal (RN). To measure the intelligibility of such editorials, we carried out bibliographical and qualitative research with residents of the aforementioned neighborhood, administered questionnaires, and carried out individual interviews and in the form of a focus group. We understand that the knowledge produced by journalism is essential for the full exercise of citizenship and, consequently, for the maintenance and strengthening of democratic societies.
Paltering: a verdade como tecnologia da desinformação
Authors: Carvalho Roldão Pires , Rovida Mara Ferreira
Published: July 2024

Paltering é uma prática comunicacional pouco estudada na Comunicação. Consiste na utilização de asserções verdadeiras por parte do emissor com a intencionalidade de levar o receptor ao erro de avaliação, ou seja, ao logro. O artigo divide-se em duas seções; a primeira versa sobre questões e estudos; a segunda sobre um caso de uso desta prática no jornalismo brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é debater sobre o tema como prática de desinformação e discutir os limites éticos do jornalismo nestes casos.
Checklist of the Timorese Euphorbiaceae and related families
Authors: SIMÃO INÊS F. , SILVEIRA PAULO C. , WAJER JACEK , SCHUITEMAN ANDRÉ , VAN WELZEN PETER
Published: July 2024

An updated and annotated checklist of the Euphorbiaceae s.l. of Timor is provided, based on the analysis of the available literature and herbarium specimens. Information about geographical distribution, ecology, conservation status (when available), and taxon richness is also presented. The list includes 79 taxa, 42 of which are new records for Timor. For each currently accepted name, synonyms relevant for Timor are also listed. The adoption of recent taxonomic changes within the Euphorbiaceae family adds to the value of this checklist, which should provide a useful resource for future biodiversity assessments, conservation efforts, and botanical research in the region.
Rohdea longianthera (Asparagaceae), a new species from Central Yunnan, China
Authors: HU LI JUAN , ZHANG GAO CHENG , BI MING HUI , CHU HONG BO , FENG HUI ZHE
Published: July 2024

Rohdea longianthera is described and illustrated as a new species, which is endemic to Chuxiong, western Yunnan, Southwest China. The new species is closely related to R. longipedunculata, but it is actually distinguishable from the latter by the anthers inserted near apex of tube, 2.5–3 mm long and sharply inflexed incrassate deltoid perianth lobes of which the margins are entire, thick and scarcely imbricate. The phenology, distribution and provisional assessment of conservation status of the new taxon are provided. An identification key to all Rohdea species that occur in Yunnan, China is provided for easy identification.
Host cell wall composition and localized microenvironment implicated in resistance to basal stem degradation by lettuce drop (Sclerotinia minor)
Authors: Simko Ivan , Mamo Bullo Erena , Foster Clifton E. , Adhikari Neil D. , Subbarao Krishna V.
Published: July 2024

Background

Sclerotinia spp. are generalist fungal pathogens, infecting over 700 plant hosts worldwide, including major crops. While host resistance is the most sustainable and cost-effective method for disease management, complete resistance to Sclerotinia diseases is rare. We recently identified soft basal stem as a potential susceptibility factor to Sclerotinia minor infection in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under greenhouse conditions.

Results

Analysis of stem and root cell wall composition in five L. sativa and one L. serriola accessions with varying growth habits and S. minor resistance levels revealed strong association between hemicellulose constituents, lignin polymers, disease phenotypes, and basal stem mechanical strength. Accessions resistant to basal stem degradation consistently exhibited higher levels of syringyl, guaiacyl, and xylose, but lower levels of fucose in stems. These findings suggest that stem cell wall polymers recalcitrant to breakdown by lignocellulolytic enzymes may contribute to stem strength-mediated resistance against S. minor.

Conclusions

The lignin content, particularly guaiacyl and syringyl, along with xylose could potentially serve as biomarkers for identifying more resistant lettuce accessions and breeding lines. Basal stem degradation by S. minor was influenced by localized microenvironment conditions around the stem base of the plants.