bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generate Electricity from Pizoelectric
Authors: Uvaraj Mane  , Om Sakpal  , Akshay Shetye  , Yuvraj Lale
Published: April 2024

Piezoelectricity, the phenomenon where certain materials generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress, holds immense promise for sustainable electricity generation. This abstract delves into the foundational principles of piezoelectricity and its application in converting mechanical energy into electrical power. It explores diverse avenues such as integrating piezoelectric elements into infrastructure like roads and wearable technologies to harness vibrations and body movements, respectively, for energy generation. Emerging advancements in flexible and biocompatible piezoelectric materials offer enhanced efficiency and versatility, while scaling up these systems presents opportunities for renewable energy integration across various sectors. Despite challenges in material selection and device design, interdisciplinary efforts in materials science, engineering, and physics offer avenues for overcoming these hurdles and unlocking piezoelectricity's potential as a clean and sustainable energy source, shaping the future of electricity generation.
Economic Study of Strengthening of Existing RCC Building
Authors: Harish Gaikwad  , Prof S. S. Ambhaikar
Published: April 2024

Many structures fail or deteriorate before completion of its intended life span due to poor quality of material used, lack of mix design, poor workmanship, attacked by environmental agencies, etc. Sometimes due to slenderness of column or less reinforcement provided than actual requirements, less depth/thickness provided in flexural members, etc. feels excessive vibration during walking on floor ultimately develops cracks. Strength of such structural elements can be found by using non-destructive tests like Rebound hammer test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, etc. If strength of existing structural elements is less than desired strength then structural consultant suggested strengthening of structural elements. There are various methods used in strengthening of existing structural elements like pressure grouting, fibre wrapping, chemical treatment, structural steel support, jacketing, etc. But these techniques are very costly and need precise quality control activity. In the present of investigation, strengthening of beam and column elements of a building by ferrocement techniques and steel jacketing were carried out and cost and cost comparison and strength results before and after strengthening are presented. It is observed that the strength og structural by ferrocement technique is cost effective than steel jacketing technique. And also has increase in the strength of RCC elements
Hand Gesture Based Virtual Quiz Game
Authors: Dr. Anup Bhange  , Prajwal R. Bobade  , Saurabh V. Shewalkar
Published: April 2024

We proposed a virtual quiz system based on artificial intelligence that detects hand gestures and extracts functions using a web camera. For students we have given Register/Login here. Everyone on must register to take the test. In this case, we used the manual tracking module to answer the quiz questions. This method uses a web camera connected to the system to record a live image. Manual segmentation and real-time video processing are performed first. After segmentation, hand signs are tracked to detect hand movements. The minimum distance between two defined landmarks is determined by comparing the system-defined \gesture and the real-time video gesture. This results in the response being saved and compared with the template response. Scores are presented at the end of the quiz as a percentage of correct, incorrect and missed questions. For people with disabilities, this system is efficient and useful. Using this state-of-the-art gesture recognition technology, the system reduces the time of manual examination systems.
Identifying the perceptions, barriers, and implementation of middle school supervised agricultural experiences
Authors: Eck Christopher , Davis Robert
Published: April 2024

Although School based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers have a variety or responsibilities within a comprehensive program, supervised agricultural experience (SAE) programs are considered an intracurricular component. Unfortunately, the ability for teachers to plan for and facilitate SAEs has been reported as lacking. The purpose of this study was to identify the current perceptions, barriers, and implementation of current middle school SAEs in the Southeast United States, which was carried out by a modified Delphi approach to reach consensus on the perceptions, barriers, and implementation of middle school SAEs from a panel of experts. After three rounds, 18 items achieved consensus related to perceptions of Middle School SAE integration, 19 items outlining barriers for Middle School SAE implementation, and 22 items indicating best practices for Middle School SAE integration. When we consider the uniqueness of middle school SBAE programs, the overall list of perceptions, barriers, and best practices is of great value for future implementation as additional programs are added. Recommendations for practice begin with purposeful professional development opportunities specific for middle school SBAE teachers.
Experiential learning in agricultural education: A philosophical discussion
Authors: Coleman Bradley , Bunch J.C. , Roberts T. Grady
Published: April 2024

While all learning and knowledge can be attributed to experiences, not all experiences are educative. Experiential learning is a highly utilized theory and pedagogical practice in agricultural education and has been since its inception as a discipline. The purpose of this research is to examine the theory of experiential learning as it applies to agricultural education. Therefore, this philosophical discussion aims to continue the work conducted by Roberts (2006), and aid in further understanding the phenomenon of experiential learning. Specifically, this study includes a synthesis of recent empirical research on experiential learning, especially in agricultural education settings. We also offer considerations from seminal literature by experiential learning theorists. A revised process model that emphasizes experiential learning is not a stepwise process is presented. Also, we provide revisions to the model for contextualizing experiential learning. Lastly, we present a holistic model of experiential learning that includes both the process and context of experiential learning.
Generation Z’s philanthropic engagement in the United States agrofood sector: Perceptions, motivations, and intentions
Authors: Rice Amber , Potts Weslee
Published: April 2024

This phenomenological study was conducted to ascertain Generation Z's attitudes and perspectives regarding agrofood philanthropy. To effectively engage the upcoming generation as philanthropists, it is necessary to determine how they define philanthropy, what motivates them to give, how they have already participated in philanthropic efforts, and their intentions towards future philanthropy. After interviewing participants, it was found that they were driven by a deep desire to connect with others. Donating time to agricultural, food-focused, or rural-serving organizations allowed them to fulfill that desire, resulting in deep organizational commitment and desire to donate time in the future as a means of community integration. Recommendations for future research include a greater balance of gender perspectives and exploring other philanthropic sectors. Recommendations for practice include providing social opportunities and community to engage Generation Z, surfacing the impact of the organization that aligns with their values, and maintaining a robust online presence.
What norms do team-based leadership development event teams use to create a culture of success?
Authors: Jacobsen Thomas , Bush Sarah , Conners James , Cletzer D. Adam
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify norms and culture of teams who qualified for competition in team-based Leadership Development Events (LDEs) at the 2020 [State] State Virtual LDEs. We extrapolated differences in team norms and culture from the Agricultural Issues Forum, Parliamentary Procedure, and Conduct of Chapter Meetings (CCM) from interviews with the advisors of the teams. We conducted interviews via phone, voice recorded, and transcribed them for analysis. We open coded interviews in a meaning making process. From the interview data, we determined teams whose norms were student driven, Agricultural Issues Forum teams, had more of a team development experience, had more buy-in and experienced more elements of cooperation. Teams with advisor-driven norms, Parliamentary Procedure and CCM teams, were more focused on the competition and winning; in addition, individual accountability was a common theme. Accountability, cooperation, dedication, focus, and resilience emerged as themes in team culture. This information can be used to assist FFA chapter advisors in preparing their students and structuring team development plans to assist students in developing team-related employability skills.
MUHAMMADIYAH PROCESSING STRATEGY IN FILM WORKS IN THE MILLENIAL ERA
Authors: Silvira Yuike , Lailan Arqam Mhd
Published: April 2024

Technological developments and globalization have a very broad impact on today's society and drive a change in the way people view and culture life in various aspects. Today's people can easily access and obtain the information they need through a variety of media, including religious information. People can easily learn religion through various platforms. This is what encourages religious practitioners to change the way of worship, and it is a challenge for the Muslims themselves to use this technology in effective and efficient worshipping activities, especially for major Islamic organizations in Indonesia such as the Muhammadiyah because Da'wah in the digital age has an impact on the da'wah world today in that it offers convenience, which will almost eliminate the boundaries of time and location between people. In order to accomplish this, how can we as millennials prepare for and adapt to the problems of da'wah in the millennial era by mastering technology, social media, and the internet to the greatest extent possible? The purpose of this study is to be aware of how was da’wah stategy was conducted by Muhammadiyah's efforts as a millennial-era Islamic da'wah movement. The research technique utilized in this article is called the library research method, and it entails the researcher analysing or reviewing journals, books, notes, etc., as well as looking at the findings of previous studies and other data gathered. relevant. Results indicate that Muhammadiyah created 8 films dealt with Muhammadiyah figures, whereas 5 were produced directly by LSBO PP Muhammadiyah
IMPROVEMENT STUDY RESULT OF SCIENCE THROUGH VISUAL AUDIO MEDIA IN SDN GUNUNG BUNDER 01 PAMIJAHAN BOGOR
Authors: Rizki agustini Ria , Aldiansyah Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Most of the sixthgrade students at SDN Gunung Bunder 01 Pamijahan Bogor experience difficulties in learning Natural Sciences (IPA), especially in material for adapting living things to their environment. It was found that out of 18 students, only 8 students (44%) achieved KKM scores and those below KKM there were 10 students (66%). Where the KKM value determined by the school is 70. From the fact above, it is necessary to make efforts to further improve student learning outcomes in the material for adapting living things to their environment. One effort is to use audio-visual media in learning science. Research conducted using the Classroom Action Research approach Suharsimi Arikunto (2017: 19) defines Classroom Action Research as "Systemic Inquiry" conducted by teachers, principals, or school counselors to gather information about various schooling practices, including improving student learning outcomes. In the initial conditions (pre-cycle) student learning outcomes were very low, this was evidenced by the number of students who achieved KKM, only 8 students out of 18 students, with the lowest score being 40 and the highest score being 80. In cycle I it was seen that student learning outcomes had increased by 14 students who achieve KKM with the lowest score of 60 and the highest score of 100. In cycle II, student learning outcomes have improved well, this is based on formative test scores at the end of learning. 18 students (100%) experienced an increase in learning outcomes, although there was still 1 student (6%) who scored below the KKM. Using audio-visual media can improve student learning outcomes in science lessons on living things' adaptation to their environmen
ENHANCING WRITING COMPREHENSION IN L2 ARABIC LEARNERS THROUGH AI-BASED TRANSLANGUAGING CHATBOTS
Authors: Rahmawati Zaimah Nely , Fatchiatuzahro  , Budi Hartanto Eko
Published: April 2024

The ability to speak a foreign language today is a skill that should be possessed by everyone, especially students, among whom are Arabic language skills. Nowadays, there are a lot of media and learning facilities that can be used to improve language skills. One of them is using AI chatbots, so this research is done to find out how effective these artificial intelligence chatbots are in improving the Arabic writing skills of L2 students. Second language acquisition poses a significant challenge when utilizing artificial intelligence chatbots for learning. Proficiency limitations in the second language can impede effective communication with chatbots. However, this challenge can be addressed through the practice of translanguaging in chatbot interactions. This study adopts a quantitative approach using pre-experimental methods to assess the efficacy of an artificial intelligence chatbot for enhancing Arabic writing comprehension within a translanguaging framework. The primary objective is to improve writing comprehension among Arabic learners as a second language (L2). The research involves 45 participants from Arabic language classes within the Department of Quranic Studies and Exegesis (IQT) at STAI Al-Anwar Sarang, Rembang. Statistical analyses and Bayesian inference are performed using JASP 0.18.1.0 software. Both classical and Bayesian analyses are employed to validate test results, augment probability and sustainability, while maintaining a focused analysis of the impact of chatbot-assisted learning within the translation framework. The results indicate a significant positive impact of utilizing AI chatbot-based Arabic writing comprehension among L2 learners. The researchers foresee the necessity for further exploration in the realms of translanguaging frameworks and their application in AI-assisted language learning
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDUCATION OF THE ISLAMIC CHARACTER THROUGH EXTRACURICULAR ACTIVITIES OF PENCAK SILAT TO ENHANCE THE SELF-EFFICACY OF THE STUDENTS
Authors: Hayati Dini , Idin Dede
Published: April 2024

Islamic character education has become a major focus in modern education to form qualified and responsible individuals. One approach adopted to this was through extracurricular activities in which Penca Silat became an attractive choice to integrate Islamic values and enhance the self-efficacy of pupils. This research aims to explore and analyze the application of Islamic character education through the extracurricular activities of Penca Silat in an effort to improve self-efficacy of pupils at Domas Siliwangi college. Data is collected through participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and analysis of documents related to the extracurricular activities of Penca Silat as well as the development of Islamic character at Domas Siliwangi College. Research results show that the application of Islamic character education through the extracurricular activities of Penca Silat is effective in improving the self-efficacy of pupils. Through physical training, martial skills, and Islamic values instilled, students experience increased self-confidence, ability to overcome challenges, as well as awareness of Islamic moral and ethical values. In conclusion, Penca Silat's extracurricular activities at Domas Siliwangi College can be an effective means to apply Islamic character education and increase self-efficacy of students. Implications of this study are the importance of paying attention to the role of extracurricular activities in building Islamic character and developing the potential of the student in a holistic way. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of Islamic character education and educational practices in other educational institutions
CHILDREN EDUCATION IN ISLAM PERSPECTIVES IN THE BOOK OF TARBIATUL AULAD FILL ISLAM
Authors: Hudri Zaidul , Khumaidi Ahmad , Taufiqurohman
Published: April 2024

The weakening of children's education that occurs in Indonesia as well as the problems experienced by national education and Islamic educators as well as the increase in delinquency committed by children. identifying the need to improve children's education, education that is not only focused on intellectual intelligence but education that reaches the areas of morals and personality according to religious teachings. This research aims to explain the methods and material presented by Abdullah Nasih Ulwan. This type of library research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection technique is document and content analysis as an analysis technique. There are several findings from this research, namely Abdullah Nasih Ulwan believes that children's education in Islam pays more attention to children's morals and aqidah. According to Ulwan, there are several materials, namely: faith, morals, intellectual, physical, psychological and social education. He believes that educational methods include: the example method, the habituation method, the advice method, the attention method, and the punishment method
A Call for the Institutionalisation of School Social Work Services in the O.R. Tambo Inland Secondary Schools to Counter the Psycho-Social ills Among Learners
Authors: Boboyi Asanda
Published: April 2024

Undeniably, learners in many secondary schools are confronted with an array of psychosocial ills that have a detrimental effect on their academic performance and overall development. This paper endeavours to delve into the ills encountered by learners in secondary schools, thereby necessitating the institutionalisation of school social work interventions in the O.R. Tambo Inland. The study adopted an exploratory and descriptive approach, aiming to explore and describe the phenomenon under scrutiny. A qualitative research methodology was employed to conduct in-depth interviews with a group of 12 learners. Furthermore, the quintet of School Governing Body (SGB) constituents actively participated in a collective discourse, constituting a focus group discussion. The empirical data were analysed thematically, with the ecological perspective and General Strain Theory (GST) being an intrinsic theoretical framework. Evidence on the ground suggests that learners are unfortunately confronted with a multitude of psychosocial ills, including but not limited to substance abuse, financial difficulties, instances of bullying, depressive symptoms, experiences of sexual abuse, and occurrences of incestuous relationships. As such, the researcher proposes that the Department of Education (DoE) should place a higher emphasis on the recruitment and deployment of social workers within schools to address the psychosocial needs of vulnerable learners effectively.
Mental Health and Ayurveda: A Review
Authors: Khayamali Dr. Renu , Bhat Sowmya , Khayamali Rameswori
Published: April 2024

Around 450 million people currently suffer from mental diseases, placing mental disorders among the leading causes of ill-health and disability worldwide while mental health services in South-East Asia tend to be urban-centered and hospital-based and 80%-90% of populations have no access to treatment. The prevalence of the mental disorders are increasing day-by-day globally.  

The equilibrium between the dosha-dhatu-mala (physiological functioning), mind, body and soul is considered as health in Ayurveda. The emphasis is given to the normal functioning of the emotion, cognition and mental health, and mental faculties of an individual has been indicated as the nidana (etiological factor) for many physical and mental disorder.

The mental faculties of an individual is described in term of manas in ayurveda. The word manas is derived from root word mana which means to think and it is considered to be the cause of mental well being. In the contemporary science the mind and brain activities are considered complimentary. In Ayurvedic text vivid description about manas (mind), causes, treatment and prevention of manasa vyadhi (mental disorder) are given and the mental well being is considered most important.

The causes of mental disorder are multitude in Ayurveda. The prime cause of manasa vyadhi(mental disorder) is pragyaparadha (volitional transgression). Other causes include violation of sadvritta (code of conduct), improper aahara and vihaara (food and lifestyle) or even may be due to the papa karma(sinful act) performed in this life or previous life. Even the physical disease can be the etiology of mental disorder and vice-versa.

The emphasis in swasthavritta(health regimens), sadvritta(correct behaviour, code of conduct), achara rasayana (ideal behaviour),  medhya rasayana (nootropic drugs)and yoga are given in Ayurveda to prevent from mental ailments. The treatment of manasa vyadhi may be different according to the hetu(causes) or the symptoms of the individual. The therapeutic approaches are different to each and every individual according to the vitiated shariraka (vata, pitta and kapha )and manasika dosha (raja and tama).

The aim of this paper will be to collect the description regarding the mental health in the ayurvedic text and to describe its relevance in the present context and their role in the maintenance of mental wellbeing.
Applicability of Paleography in Manuscriptology w.s.r to Critical Edition of Ayurvedic manuscripts
Authors: PB Dr.Aswathy
Published: April 2024

Most of the available manuscripts especially Ayurvedic manuscripts are written in the scripts like, grantha sharada, telungu Devanagari, nevari,Tibetan etc in languages like Prākrita, Pāḷi, Saṃskṛta, Apabhraṃśa, Tamiletc .In the critical edition process the first step after collection of manuscript is the transliteration of the manuscripts available in different script into one common script. It indicates the importance of knowledge about different scripts in the critical edition of manuscripts. Objective are to study the different steps in critical edition of manuscripts and to study the importance of paleography in manuscriptology. Transliteration of the manuscript into common script is a crucial step in the edition process of manuscripts. Paleography has pivotal role in critical edition of manuscripts.
Backward logistic regression analysis of the determinants of the hand function among patients with leprosy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wardhani Rizky Kusuma , Harini Melinda , Anestherita Fitri , Ramadhani Febrina Nur’Alfiah
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The hands are the most common site of disability in leprosy. Hand dysfunction could result in difficulty performing activities of daily living. Therefore, hand function should be regularly assessed to ensure that any decrease in hand function could be diagnosed earlier.
Methods: This study included 110 patients with leprosy from Likupang and Lembata, Indonesia. Hand function was assessed using the modified Jebsen test to measure hand function respective of the dominance. The grip and pinch strength were used as objective measures of clinical arm function. The World Health Organization (WHO) hand disability grade were used to determine the degree of impairment. Other factors such as age, sex and the type of leprosy were also considered. All factors were analysed using backward logistic regression.
Results: Among the 110 participants, a decrease in the dominant (48.2%) and non-dominant (50.9%) hand functions were found. Pinch strength (OR: 3.39; 95% CI: 1.13–10.19) and age (OR: 4.91; 95% CI: 1.72–14.03) were significantly associated with hand function irrespective of the dominance. Conversely, the WHO hand disability grade (OR: 2.97; 95% CI: 1.10–8.04) and type of leprosy (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.12–0.97) were significantly associated with only function of the dominant hand.
Conclusion: There is a significant association of age and pinch strength with hand function regardless of the hand dominance. In contrast, the WHO hand disability grade and type of leprosy are significantly associated with the function of the dominant hand only.
IMPACTOS DO USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS
Authors: Broglio Gabriel Antonio , Salgado Buenã Porto
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os impactos da Intelig|ência Artificial no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Tocantins, fazendo uma análise comparada ao uso da IA no Brasil, utilizando-se da metodologia qualitativa. Por meio da pesquisa contasta-se que a tecnologia veio para abrir fronteiras, havendo demasiada aceitação, inclusive, incentivo para implementação através dos órgãos do Poder Judiciário, havendo projetos e metas. Mediante a síntese dos fatos apresentados, pode-se afirmar que os impactos sofridos no Tribunal de Justiça são positivos.
A RELEVÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA O FUTURO
Authors: Mainardi Fernando Henrique Barros , Mendes Ijosiel , Silva Suéllen Danúbia da , Marsoli Glaucimarcos Fakine , Pereira Jairo Antonio Bertelli Francisco Gabaldi
Published: April 2024

Este estudo discute o papel crucial da educação na promoção da sustentabilidade ambiental. Inicia-se com uma análise do conceito de sustentabilidade, enfatizando a necessidade de equilibrar o desenvolvimento econômico com a preservação ambiental. Em seguida, examina-se a importância da educação como ferramenta para promover uma cultura ética e sustentável, abordando a influência das inclinações individuais e da busca por virtudes éticas na formação de uma consciência ambiental. Destaca-se também a relevância da educação sustentável desde os primeiros anos de vida até a idade adulta, enfatizando o papel das escolas, empresas e organizações na disseminação de práticas sustentáveis e valores éticos. A metodologia adotada baseou-se em uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, que permitiu uma análise crítica das fontes selecionadas e a identificação de lacunas no conhecimento existente. Conclui-se que a educação para a sustentabilidade é fundamental para enfrentar os desafios ambientais contemporâneos e construir um futuro mais equitativo e saudável para as gerações presentes e futuras. Essa abordagem, centrada na revisão bibliográfica, mostrou-se eficaz para compreender as complexas interações entre educação e sustentabilidade, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de uma base teórica sólida e para o engajamento de todos os setores da sociedade na promoção de práticas sustentáveis.
ADOLF BIBIČ’S INNOVATIVE CONTRIBUTION TO THE MARXIST CONCEPTUALISATION OF POLITICS
Authors: Hočevar Marko , Vrečko Ilc Blaž
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The article analyses the innovative Marxist conceptualisation of
politics proposed by the Slovenian political scientist Adolf Bibič. The latter
built on the contributions of Heglo-Marxists and Gramsci to political theory.
At the core of his theory, he placed the question of the political power–class exploitation relationship. He distinguished political politics from self-managing politics, and problematised the dominant Western understandings of politics as well as the theories of elitism and pluralism. Moving away from such theories and dogmatic Marxist notions about the withering away of politics, he formulated his project of humanising politics beyond class exploitation and capitalist relations of production. This project assumed a necessary transformation of political practice in terms of the dialectical process of the socialisation of politics and the politicisation of society.
Keywords: Adolf Bibič, politics, political science, class relations, economic
exploitation.
LEGITIMACY: MYTH AND POLITICS THE CASE OF POLITICAL SPEECHES OF FRANJO TUĐMAN
Authors: Antolić Andreja , Lukšič Igor
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The article explores the significance held by political myths for
legitimacy and politics. To that end, we examine political myth in line with
the contemporary theory of political myth, which understands political
myths as an integral part of all political communities that is not inherent
to just authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Every political community
has their own stories/narratives that are accepted by most of the population and form the base of the legitimacy of the political order, whether it be a democratic or a non-democratic political order. In the final part of the article, we examine which narratives had such a legitimising power by analysing the political speeches of Franjo Tuđman while he was in office.
Keywords: legitimacy, politics, political myth, political speech analysis,
Tuđman.
POLITICAL LIBERALISM VS. RIGHT-WING LIBERTARIANISM: JOHN RAWLS IN
ENCOUNTER WITH ROBERT NOZICK
Authors: Ramet Sabrina P.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Among twentieth-century political philosophers, Americans
John Rawls and Robert Nozick are generally recognized as giants – both
for the boldness of their arguments and for the influence they have exerted. They sketched rival visions. Rawls, inspired by Immanuel Kant, argued for a world characterized by tolerance, equality, and justice as fairness. Nozick, claiming a Lockean heritage but actually inspired by Adam Smith (the “invisible hand”) and Herbert Spencer (“survival of the fittest”), outlined a program for a minimal state, with very little taxation, offering no cushion at all against poverty, and providing no state assistance for the poor, the sick, the disabled, or the widowed. Rawls’ vision is clearly part of the liberal tradition, while Nozick’s championing of a minimal state contains illiberal elements.
Keywords: John Rawls, Robert Nozick, political liberalism, libertarianism, taxation, equality, justice.
AKTUALNOST TEORETIČNIH REŠITEV ADAMA SMITHA (1723–1790)
Authors: Merhar Viljem
Published: April 2024

Povzetek. Članek analizira aktualnost teoretičnih rešitev škotskega ekonomskega misleca Adama Smitha za dobo poznega kapitalizma. Zagovarja re-aktualizacijo vseh tistih Smithovih teoretičnih rešitev, ki so bile
v zadnjem obdobju zanemarjene, vključno z nakazano Smithovo motivacijsko dohodkovno-profitno in sistemsko tržno-plansko dualnostjo gospodarjenja. Zavzema se za oživitev Smithove ekonomske misli, s katere pomočjo je treba ugotoviti, kako manj polno zaposlena gospodarstva
bolj polno zaposliti. Članek Smithovo teorijo nadgrajuje s Keynesovimi
rešitvami ekonomskih kriz. Poudarja pomembnost reafirmacije politične
ekonomije kot družbene znanosti, ki je povezana z družbeno odgovornim
gospodarjenjem.
Ključni pojmi: ekonomija, ekonomska teorija, ekonomska politika, Adam
Smith, Karl Marx, Alfred Marshall, John M. Keynes, Paul A. Samuelson,
Thomas Piketty.
The transition to new ozone absorption cross sections for Dobson and Brewer total ozone measurements
Authors: Voglmeier Karl , Velazco Voltaire A. , Egli Luca , Gröbner Julian , Redondas Alberto , Steinbrecht Wolfgang
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Comparisons between total ozone column (TOC) measurements from ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometers and from various satellite instruments generally reveal seasonally varying differences of a few percent. A large part of these differences has been attributed to the operationally used Bass and Paur ozone cross sections and the lack of accounting for varying stratospheric temperatures in the standard total ozone retrieval for Dobson. This paper demonstrates how the use of new ozone absorption cross sections from the University of Bremen (Weber et al., 2016), as recommended by the Absorption Cross Sections of Ozone (ACSO) committee; the application of appropriate slit functions, especially for the Dobson instrument (Bernhard et al., 2005); and the use of climatological values for the effective ozone layer temperature (Teff), e.g., from TEMIS (Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service), essentially eliminate these seasonally varying differences between Brewer and Dobson total ozone data (to generally less than ±0.5 %). For Hohenpeissenberg, the previous seasonal difference (close to 0 % in summer and up to 2.5 % in winter) is reduced to less than ±0.5 % year-round. Implementing this approach to the existing global network of Dobson spectrometers will reduce the overall uncertainty in their total ozone data from 3 % to 4 % previously to under 2 % at most locations.
A first attempt to model global hydrology at hyper-resolution
Authors: van Jaarsveld Barry , Wanders Niko , Sutanudjaja Edwin H. , Hoch Jannis , Droppers Bram , Janzing Joren , van Beek Rens L. P. H. , Bierkens Marc F. P.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Global hydrological models are one of the key tools that can help meet the needs of stakeholders and policy makers when water management strategies and policies are developed. The primary objective of this paper is therefore to establish a first of its kind, truly global hyper-resolution hydrological model that spans a multiple-decade period (1985–2019). To achieve this, two key limitations are addressed, namely the lack of high resolution meteorological data and insufficient representation of lateral movement of snow and ice. Thus a novel meteorological downscaling procedure that better incorporates fine-scale topographic climate drivers is incorporated, and a snow module capable of lateral movement of frozen water resembling glaciers, avalanches and wind movement is included. We compare this global 30 arc-seconds version of PCR-GLOBWB to previously published 5 arc-minutes and 30 arc-minutes versions by evaluating simulated river discharge, snow cover, soil moisture, land surface evaporation, and total water storage against observations. We show that hyper-resolution provides a more accurate simulation of river discharge, this is especially true for smaller catchments. We highlight that although global hyper-resolution modelling is possible with current computational resources and that hyper-resolution modelling results in more realistic representations of the hydrological cycle; our results suggest that global hydrological modelling still needs to incorporate landcover heterogeneity at the sub-grid scale and include processes relevant at the kilometre scale in search of better predictive capacity to provide more accurate estimates of soil moisture and evaporation fluxes.
Simulating the Tone River Eastward Diversion Project in Japan Carried Out Four Centuries Ago
Authors: Trošelj Joško , Hanasaki Naota
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The Tone River is the largest river in Japan, flowing from the Kanto Plain westward to the Pacific Ocean. The river originally flowed southward, entering Tokyo Bay, but the Tone River Eastward Diversion Project in the 17th century and many later projects changed the flow route to that of today. The gradual process of eastward diversion has been extensively studied from the historical viewpoint, revealing that the initial project in the 17th century was principally intended to establish a stable navigation route. However, no scholars have yet proven this hypothesis via hydrological modeling. We used the H08 global hydrological model to reconstruct historical flow direction maps at 60-arcsecond spatial resolution with a 1-day temporal resolution. We hypothesized that the historical claims could be numerically verified using a relatively simple simulation. First, we confirmed that our modeling framework reasonably reproduced the present river flows by adding two present-day bifurcation functions. Next, using the reconstructed historical maps, we quantified low flows (20th percentile) in the 17th century and confirmed that the Tone River diversion aided navigation because it connected areas that increased low flows. Finally, the validity of our historical simulation was proven by contrasting the distribution of simulated low flow rates with the flows at the historical river ports that lay furthest upstream. We show that it is possible to bridge two different disciplines, history and numerical hydrological modeling, to obtain a better understanding of human–water interactions. One limitation is that we only reconstructed historical land maps in the present study; the meteorological forcing inputs employed were identical to those of the 20th century; the historical inputs are not known.
Assessing the influence of long-range transport of aerosols on the PM2.5 chemical composition and concentration in the Aburrá Valley
Authors: Velásquez-García Maria P. , Hernández K. Santiago , Vergara-Correa James A. , Pope Richard J. , Gómez-Marín Miriam , Rendón Angela M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Assessing long-range transport (LRT) of pollutants recognizes that multiple sources of varying scale and location can impact air quality. In the Aburrá Valley, Colombia, and other cities in Northern South America, biomass burning (BB), dust, and volcanic degassing have been identified as sources of LRT of aerosols. However, the impact of these sources on air quality and their characterization have yet to be thoroughly studied. This work investigates the influence of these sources on the chemical composition of PM2.5 during annual and intra-annual high-load aerosol events. We identified, tracked, and meteorologically characterized LRT events and evaluated their influence on PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition. We ran a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) for each kind of event, identifying high contribution in organic carbon (OC1, OC2), F- and secondary aerosols trace SO42- and NO3- for the BB events, crustal mineral along with Ti and Ca contribution for dust events and SO42-, Na, Al and Ca for volcanic events. The increasing concentration of some ions and toxic heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Cd, and Ni) were also related to BB and volcanic degassing influence. During these LRT events, the BB fraction of PM2.5 dominates by frequency and amount, averaging 11.14 μg / m3 (38 %). On average, dust and volcanic degassing contribute 6.77 μg / m3 (34 %) and 6.46 μg / m3 (30 %) of the concentrations. Of the three, dust events showed fewer affected days. The study highlighted hotspot zones such as the Orinoco and Middle Magdalena Valley for BB aerosols, the Caribbean for dust, and the Nevado del Ruíz volcano for volcanic aerosols. This study gives insights for future chemical transport modeling studies in the region and supports strategies to manage internal and external pollution sources and effects for the Aburrá Valley and the region.
Mehmet Ozan Sungurlu, the legendary Turkish petroleum geologist
Authors: Mulayim Oguz
Published: April 2024

Abstract. On the occasion of 29 October 2023, the 100th anniversary of the Republic of Türkiye, I would like to pay tribute to M. Ozan Sungurlu (1939–1990), one of the most important non-academic competent Turkish field and petroleum geologists, and a pioneer of geological field observations throughout Türkiye. His scientific studies were published in numerous articles, many of which were co-authored by Turkish geologists. This article was written in memory and appreciation of M. Ozan Sungurlu, who made a great contribution to the field of geology in Türkiye and whose importance to Türkiye is undisputed. M. Ozan Sungurlu will be remembered as a valuable geoscientist whose passion and legacy we should share with future generations.
Dynamic modeling and performance analysis of the 2PRU-PUU parallel mechanism
Authors: Sun Tianze , Ye Wei , Yang Chao , Huang Fengli
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This paper investigates the dynamic modeling and performance analysis of the 2PRU-PUU reconfigurable parallel mechanism (RPM); here, P, R, and U denote the prismatic, revolute, and universal joints, respectively. By altering one of the rotation axes of the reconfigurable universal joint in limb 3, the mechanism can be switched into two operation modes, 1R2T and 2R1T. The authors resort to the Lagrangian equations of the first kind to derive the dynamic model of the 2PRU-PUU RPM. The optimal driving force distribution is determined to solve the problem of the non-uniqueness solution in dynamic analysis. The dynamic formulations are verified with the results obtained in ADAMS software. The dynamic manipulability ellipsoid index, which offers a quantitative assessment of the ability in manipulating the end effector, is used to assess the dynamic performance of the mechanism. Then, the distribution characteristics of the rotational and translational dynamic performance of the RPM are derived.
Developing Non-Stationary Frequency Relationships for Greater Pamba River basin, Kerala India incorporating dominant climatic precursors
Authors: Nair Arathy , Sankaran Adarsh , Geetha Mohan Meera , Vijayalakshmi Sreedevi
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Global climate changes significantly contribute to increased frequency of hydrologic extremes. This significantly underestimates the hydrologic design parameters, bringing of hydro systems to increased failure risk. In order to address this concern, the current practice of development of hydrologic frequency tools need to be updated accounting for non-stationarity. This study first considered a diverse set of statistical tests to examine the trend, change points, non-stationarity and randomness of streamflow, rainfall and temperature time series of scales ranging from daily to annual. The annual maxima time series indicated non stationarity against the stationary behaviour of daily series of hydro-meteorological datasets of the basin. Subsequently, this study developed the Temperature Duration Frequency (TDF), Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) and Flood Frequency (FF) curves of Greater Pamba river basin in Kerala India, the part of which was most severely affected by the near century return period flood event of 2018. The analysis was performed for a multitude of combinations of variations in distribution parameters with time and climatic drivers as physical covariates in the extreme value formulations. The study proposed a novel wavelet coherence (WC) based driver selection of most dominant combination of climatic precursors in developing FF and IDF relations of three locations of Kalloopara, Malakkara and Thumpamon and TDF curve of Kuttanad region in the basin, considering data of 1985–2015 period. The proposed WC framework considers bi-multi-and partial effects of climatic oscillations (COs) like El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in identifying potential drivers. The different WC formulations captured in-phase relationships of streamflows and rainfall with COs at intra-annual, annual and inter annual scales up to 4 years. The methods showed that addition of climatic precursors improved the NS estimates of flood and rainfall quantiles by more accurately capturing the magnitudes of extreme streamflows and rainfalls of 2018, 2021 than the time covariate formulations. However, the role of COs on extreme temperature is not found to be influential in developing TDF relationships, which needs further investigation.
Isotope study of monthly rainfall and its response in the Santos Formation phreatic aquifer, Mesa de Los Santos, Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Cetina Maria Alejandra , Taupin Jean-Denis , Gómez Sully , Patris Nicolas
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Mesa de Los Santos is an elevated plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (Andean region) in the Department of Santander (altimetric variation 300 to 1800 m a.s.l.). The region is marked by a shortage of potable surface water. The isotopic study of the rain and its relation to Los Santos Formation phreatic and fractured aquifer was carried out. Four rain stations were installed on top of the plateau (1275 to 1684 m a.s.l.) to collect monthly rainwater samples for stable isotopes. The rainwater stations recorded 1469 to 764 mm from North to South, and the seasonal patterns of stable isotopes were similar in all stations. The preliminary Local Meteoric Water Line is δ2H = 8.22×δ18O + 13.9, slightly above the GMWL with an intercept of +13.9 ‰, possibly indicating continental vapor recycling. The rain-weighted annual isotope means showed more depleted values in the southmost rain station (δ18O = −8.99 ‰, 1275 m a.s.l.). From the phreatic and fractured aquifer, 35 groundwater points were monitored bimonthly for stable isotopes (n=134) and three trends were differentiated in the isotopic content value of δ18O. Large temporal variability characterized 10 groundwater points (amplitudes greater than 1 ‰ in δ18O for each point) consistently with the seasonal behaviour of the rain, indicating flows with rapid transit on a monthly scale. 21 groundwater points showed a low temporal variability with year-round differences under 1 ‰ and presenting a spatial distribution of δ18O with enriched values towards the north (between −6.71 ‰ and −6.00 ‰) and depleted values towards the south (−8.97 ‰ to −8.14 ‰), which tends to be also consistent with the rainwater isotope distribution observed. The stability of year-round groundwater isotopic values is a sign of efficient mixing of groundwater and a slower transit. Finally, 4 groundwater points presented signs of evaporation, showing d-excess values between −6.4 ‰ and +4.3 ‰, in connection with surface water bodies that undergo evaporation before infiltration.
Rainfall risk over the city of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire): first contribution of the joint analysis of daily rainfall from a historical record and a recent network of rain gauges
Authors: Yao Christian , Kacou Modeste , Koffi Ehouman Serge , Dao Amidou , Dutremble Clément , Guilliod Maurice , Kamagaté Bamory , Perrin Jean-Louis , Salles Christian , Neppel Luc , Paturel Jean-Emmanuel , Zahiri Eric Pascal , Séguis Luc
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Every year, rains cause material damage and human losses, in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). The objective of this study is to contribute to the characterization of the rain hazard in the District of Abidjan. The available data are made up of daily rainfall from a historical station “Abidjan airport” (1961–2014) and an academic network of rain gauges (21) progressively implemented in Abidjan since 2015. A descriptive analysis (date of occurrence, rainfall depth, mean wet days intensity and number of rainy days) on the Highest Cumulative Rainfall Periods (HCRP: 60 d) is conducted on the long-term station. The periods of highest risk of flooding during the long and short rainy seasons are characterized. The Experimental variograms of extreme rainfalls derived from the current network, allow to evaluate their extensions according to the rainy season.