bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Удосконалення підходів щодо оцінювання показників живучості підрозділів зенітних ракетних військ
Authors: Волювач С. А. , Воронін В. В. , Рисований О. М. , Третяк В. Ф. , Балакірева С. М.
Published: August 2024

У статті розглядаються питання щодо оцінки живучості зенітних ракетних підрозділів з досвіду локальних війн і збройних конфліктів. Показано, що одним із напрямків підвищення живучості зенітних ракетних підрозділів є ретельне планування та виконання тактичних заходів забезпечення живучості. Об’єктом дослідження виступає процес забезпечення живучості підрозділів зенітних ракетних військ. Предметом дослідження є фактори, що вливають на рівень живучості підрозділів зенітних ракетних військ. Метою наукової роботи є удосконалення підходів до оцінки факторів, які впливають на живучість підрозділів зенітних ракетних військ, та надання рекомендацій щодо забезпечення її необхідного рівня. Розвиток засобів повітряного нападу призводить до зміни тактики їх застосування при прориві системи зенітного ракетного прикриття і нанесенні ударів по об’єктах і військах. Для засобів повітряного нападу першочерговими цілями, що підлягають знищенню чи подавленню, є підрозділи зенітних ракетних військ, які виконують завдання з прикриття військ і визначених об’єктів від ударів з повітря. Отримані результати з проведених досліджень свідчать, що значний вплив на імовірність знищення цілі мають дії активних перешкод, так як надійність роботи апаратури зенітних ракетних комплексів за визначений проміжок часу досить велика. Імовірність заглушення радіоелектронних засобів зенітних ракетних комплексів активними перешкодами залежить від можливостей апаратури зенітного ракетного комплексу із захисту від різних типів перешкод, твердих і умілих навичок осіб бойових обслуг із застосування апаратури захисту від перешкод, можливостей апаратури постановки перешкод засобів повітряного нападу, а також планування і проведення організаційних і тактичних заходів командирами підрозділів.
Математична формалізація завдання пошуку повітряного судна, яке зазнало лиха, авіаційними засобами
Authors: Худов Г. В. , Грідасов І. Ю. , Жилін Є. І.
Published: August 2024

Стаття присвячена питанню математичної формалізації завдання пошуку повітряного судна, яке зазнало лиха. Формалізація здійснена з урахуванням особливостей проведення і термінології пошуково-рятувального забезпечення польотів повітряних суден. У роботі наведено визначення поняття авіаційного пошуку, розглянуті прикладні та математичні поняття авіаційного пошуку, наведені умови, які висуваються до об’єкта пошуку, засобу пошуку та середовища при проведенні пошуково-рятувальних операцій. Зроблений аналіз показників та критеріїв ефективності авіаційного пошуку. Актуальність математичної формалізації задачі авіаційного пошуку в рамках пошуково-рятувального забезпечення полягає в можливості її використання як інструменту для вдосконалення процесу пошуку, а саме способів пошуку повітряного судна, яке зазнало лиха. Надані рекомендації щодо подальших шляхів проведення наукових досліджень, а саме розгляду питання визначення району пошуку та вдосконалення способів пошуку. На думку авторів, математична формалізація задачі авіаційного пошуку в майбутньому може стати підґрунтям для формулювання оптимізаційної задачі проведення авіаційного пошуку повітряного судна, яке зазнало лиха.
Herbal and Natural Supplements for Improving Sleep: A Literature Review
Authors: Yeom Ji Won , Cho Chul-Hyun
Published: August 2024

Objective Herbal and natural supplements have gained popularity as alternative treatments to insomnia and sleep disorders due to their perceived safety and potential effectiveness. This literature review summarizes the current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of commonly used supplements for sleep, including valerian, hops, kava, German chamomile, cherry, tryptophan, theanine, melatonin, magnesium, and zinc.Methods We conducted literature review of clinical research on herbal and supplements for sleep reported to date. We summarized key findings and reviewed outcomes related to clinical efficacy and side effects.Results Findings suggest that certain supplements, particularly valerian, hops, and melatonin, could be effective in improving sleep quality and reducing insomnia symptoms through modulation of neurotransmitter systems and regulation of sleep-wake cycles. However, the strength of the evidence varies with unestablished optimal dosages, formulations, and treatment durations. Although generally considered safe, these supplements are not without risks, such as rare but serious adverse effects associated with kava and potential interactions with prescription medications. The quality and purity of supplements also vary widely due to a lack of strict regulations.Conclusion Healthcare providers should remain informed about the latest research and work closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans. Herbal and natural supplements may offer promising alternatives or adjunct treatments for insomnia and sleep disorders, but their use should be guided by the best available evidence and individual patient requirements. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of these supplements for clinical decision-making.
Daily Self-Monitoring and Feedback of Circadian Rhythm Measures in Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder Using Wearable Devices and Smartphones–The Circadian Rhythm for Mood (CRM®) Trial Protocol: A Randomized Sham Controlled Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Yeom Ji Won , Yoon Yeaseul , Seo Ju Yeon , Cho Chul-Hyun , Lee Taek , Lee Jung-Been , Jeon Sehyun , Kim Leen , Lee Heon-Jeong
Published: August 2024

The circadian rhythm for mood (CRM) is a digital therapeutic, which aims to prevent mood episode and improve clinical course in patients with major mood disorders. Developed on the circadian rhythm hypothesis of mood disorder, CRM predicts the impending risk of mood episode with its built-in algorithm, utilizing wearable devices data and daily self-reports, and provides personalized feedback. In a pilot study of the CRM, the users experienced less frequent and shorter duration of mood episodes than the non-users. To investigate the efficacy of the upgraded CRM, a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled, parallel-group trial is designed. Patients aged between 19 and 70, diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, or major depressive disorder, in a euthymic state for more than two months, can participate. During this 12-month trial, participants are assessed for episode recurrence every three months, and the efficacy of the CRM as a potential digital therapeutic is evaluated. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05400785.
Clinical Utility of Impact of Event Scale–Revised for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Chang Soyeon , Kim Won-Hyoung , Jung Young-Eun , Roh Daeyoung , Kim Daeho , Chae Jeong-Ho , Park Joo Eon
Published: August 2024

Objective The Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) is a widely used self-report for assessing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), originally aligned with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV diagnostic criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the IES-R under the DSM-5 guidelines and establish a cutoff point for DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis.Methods A total of 238 participants recruited from multiple psychiatric centers, including 67 patients with PTSD, 72 patients with psychiatric controls, and 99 healthy controls, were included in the study. All participants completed the Korean version of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 research version to confirm the presence of PTSD, the Korean version of PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory.Results The IES-R demonstrated good internal consistency and a high correlation with the PCL-5. Through factor analysis, 5 distinct dimensions emerged within the IES-R: sleep disturbance, intrusion, hyperarousal, avoidance, and numbness-dissociation. A proposed cutoff score of 25 on the IES-R was suggested for identifying patients with PTSD.Conclusion These findings underscore the scale’s concurrent validity with the DSM-5 PTSD criteria and its effectiveness as a screening tool. Implementing a cutoff score of 25 on the IES-R can enhance its utility in identifying DSM-5 PTSD cases.
Using Deep Learning Techniques as an Attempt to Create the Most Cost-Effective Screening Tool for Cognitive Decline
Authors: Kim Hye-Geum , Seo Wan-Seok , Koo Bon-Hoon , Cheon Eun-Jin , Yun Seokho , Jo Sohye , Gu Byoungyoung
Published: August 2024

Objective This study aimed to use deep learning (DL) to develop a cost-effective and accessible screening tool to improve the detection of cognitive decline, a precursor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study integrating a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests adjusted for individual demographic variables such as age, sex, and education level.Methods A total of 2,863 subjects with subjective cognitive complaints who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment were included. A random forest classifier was used to discern the most predictive test combinations to distinguish between dementia and nondementia cases. The model was trained and validated on this dataset, focusing on feature importance to determine the cognitive tests that were most indicative of decline.Results Subjects had a mean age of 72.68 years and an average education level of 7.62 years. The DL model achieved an accuracy of 82.42% and an area under the curve of 0.816, effectively classifying dementia. Feature importance analysis identified significant tests across cognitive domains: attention was gauged by the Trail Making Test Part B, language by the Boston Naming Test, memory by the Rey Complex Figure Test delayed recall, visuospatial skills by the Rey Complex Figure Test copy score, and frontal function by the Stroop Test Word reading time.Conclusion This study showed the potential of DL to improve AD diagnostics, suggesting that a wide range of cognitive assessments could yield a more accurate diagnosis than traditional methods. This research establishes a foundation for future broader studies, which could substantiate the approach and further refine the screening tool.
Pengaruh PAD, DAU, DBH, dan Belanja Modal terhadap PDRB dan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Priambodo Aln Pujo , Hidayat Nur Wahyu
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Regional Own Generated Funds (PAD), General Allocation Funds (DAU), Revenue Sharing Funds (DBH), and local government capital expenditures on economic growth (PDRB) and poverty levels in Sidoarjo Regency. This research utilizes multiple linear regression analysis method through SPSS software version 25 in data processing. The PAD, DAU, DBH, capital expenditure, GRDP, and poverty data used in this study are taken within period of 2014 to 2020. The results of the study showed that PAD, DAU, DBH, and capital expenditure together did not have a significant effect in increasing economic growth. However, partially, PAD has a significant positive impact on economic growth while DAU, DBH, and capital expenditures have no significant effect even though they affect GRDP growth. In the poverty model, the results show that PAD, DAU, DBH, and local government capital expenditures, either simultaneously or partially, do not have a significant impact in reducing poverty levels in Sidoarjo Regency.
Adsorption Study for the Removal of Cadmium and Lead from Synthetic Storm Water Using Fired Clay
Authors: Yunis Khirat , J. Jaeel Ali
Published: August 2024

Abstract

This work focuses on employing burned clay (FC) materials as a low-cost adsorbent to remove cadmium and lead ions from synthetic stormwater and to evaluate its performance and applicability as a supplementary component to remove Cadmium and Lead ions in an aqueous solution. The studies were carried out to look into the Cadmium and Leads' room-temperature adsorption isotherm and the effects of various variables. The primary adsorbate concentration, contact time, agitation speed, pH, and mass of the adsorbent have all been studied. According to the results, the optimal experimental conditions-pH=6, 0.45mg/l of Cadmium and 0.08 mg/L of Lead as adsorbate, 12 g of adsorbent, 250 rpm of agitation, and 2.0 hours of contact time -reduced Cadmium and Lead by 93 percent for fired clay. The experimental data were examined using the Langmuir and Frendlich isotherm models. The preferred model for Cadmium and Lead adsorption onto fired clay material, according to the results, was the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This study clearly shows that fired clay particles can be employed as a low-cost adsorbent to take Cadmium and Lead out of water.
Experimental Assessment of the Aerodynamics of a Slotted Wavy Blade
Authors: Faleh Jassem Jwan , G Al-azawy Mohammed , M. Aljuhashy Radwan
Published: August 2024

Many techniques have been incorporated into the design of turbine blades in an attempt to improve their performance. Assessment is applied to investigate the flow behaviour around NACA 0012 with modifications (slotted and wave slotted airfoil) experimentally. An open subsonic wind tunnel with a test section of (30.5 ×30.5×60 cm) was employed to conduct the test. The work experiment investigated two modified models (slotted and hybrid slotted and wavy) then compared them to the normal blade model. A slotted blade NACA 0012 airfoil model with a slot width of 1.5 mm at 60% of the chord was employed in the current study. All blades exhibited stall between 10o to 12o angles of attack at various wind speeds (10, 15, 20, and 20 m/s). The normal blade showed an earlier stall at angle of attack at 10o. Additionally, the increase in wind speeds showed that the modified models did not exhibit better stall delay than the normal on then better performance than the normal model.
Cognitive Rehabilitation After Stroke: A Case Series Testing a New Method to Transfer Gains to Daily Life
Authors: Uswatte Gitendra , Taub Edward , McKay Staci , Mitchell Brandon , Blake Jason A. , Knight Amy , Biney Fedora , Iosipchuk Olesya , Mark Victor W , Lin Chen , Zhou Xiaohua , Ball Karlene
Published: August 2024

This case-series piloted a novel cognitive rehabilitation approach, i.e., Constraint-Induced Cognitive Therapy (CICT), for improving Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in stroke survivors with chronic, mild-to-moderate, cognitive impairment. Four consecutively sampled stroke survivors (mean chronicity=18 months, SD=10) with mild (n=3) or moderate (n=1) cognitive impairment received 35 hours of CICT. CICT combined two empirically supported approaches: Speed of Processing Training (SOPT) and behavior change techniques from Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) adapted to transfer gains from in-lab cognitive training to daily life. The latter featured IADL training following shaping principles and a suite of behavioral techniques, called the Transfer Package, to promote participation in cognitively-based functional activities outside of the lab. Outcome measures assessed cognitive processing speed (Useful Field of View, UFOV) and IADL performance outside the treatment setting (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, COPM). All three participants with valid UFOV data displayed meaningful improvements after treatment in cognitive processing speed (M=64%, SD=40, d'=1.58). All three with COPM data reported meaningful improvements in satisfaction with IADL performance (M=2.87, SD=1.5, d'=1.91). Values of d' ≥0.57 are large. Per structured interviews developed for this study, the IADL improvements present after treatment lasted for at least a year. These promising findings warrant further study.
First-time Fathers Navigating Caregiving and Paid Work: A Dyadic and Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Garraio Carolina , Grau-Grau Marc , Matos Paula Mena , Matias Marisa
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to explore how first-time (heterosexual) fathers’ involvement in caregiving and paid work roles was (co)constructed with their partners during the transition to parenthood. The transition to parenthood entails adaptations and emotional experiences that make this period unique for fathers. Importantly, the emergence of the father role occurs within a relational context. However, few studies use a dyadic lens, and even fewer take a longitudinal approach to capture the unfolding dynamics during the transition to parenthood. An even smaller number combine these perspectives with a qualitative approach to understand how fathers construct and negotiate their new role within the coparenting relationship. We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with each member of a couple in two waves: during the third trimester of pregnancy and 18 months after birth. We analyzed data from 10 couples (40 interviews in total) using a combination of dyadic and longitudinal approaches. We identified three categories of couples, describing broad patterns and typical behaviors, values, and beliefs about work and parenting roles: “working fathers, caring mothers,” “in-between care and work” and “equal care, equal work”. Fathers’ involvement in caregiving and paid work roles begins to take shape early in pregnancy through co-constructive processes, influenced by an interplay of individual and shared expectations and available resources. Our findings highlight the importance of psychological interventions during the transition to parenthood to foster a supportive and adaptive family environment, and promote fathers’ involvement.Keywords: Fatherhood, Transition to parenthood, Caregiving, Paid Work, Dyadic and Longitudinal Qualitative analysis
Causal Inference for Dummies: A Tutorial on Directed Acyclic Graphs and Balancing Weights
Authors: Primbs Maximilian , Bijlstra Gijsbert , Holland Rob , Thoemmes Felix
Published: August 2024

Traditionally, causal claims in social cognition research have been reserved for experimental designs. However, restricting causal claims to experimental research limits the type of questions that can be answered satisfactorily – including questions about geographical differences or changes over time recently popularized in the field of social cognition. In this tutorial, we outline a principled approach to causal inference for non-experimental designs. We describe how researchers can use Directed Acyclic Graphs to make their causal model explicit and discuss one strategy to estimate causal effects: Balancing weights. We show how researchers can use balancing weights to obtain unbiased causal effects from non-experimental designs. We provide detailed R Code to implement balancing weights analyses and provide readers with resources to delve deeper into the field of causal inference.
A Review of Sex and Gender Factors in Stimulant Treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions
Authors: Rapoport Iris L. , Groenman Annabeth
Published: August 2024

Stimulant medications are the primary pharmacological intervention for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet our understanding of how sex and gender impact stimulant treatment outcomes remains limited. Clinical guidelines do not differ for female and male individuals despite possible sex and gender-related differences in effectiveness, adverse events, and pharmacokinetics. This theoretical framework identifies five key knowledge gaps relating to sex and gender effects in stimulant treatment. We investigate the stimulant treatment trajectories of girls and women with ADHD from diagnosis and prescription to daily use and outcomes. We examine the impact of reproductive life transitions and hormonal fluctuations and their interactions with gender socialization and gendered expectations on treatment effectiveness, stigma, and adherence. By synthesizing existing literature, proposing testable predictions, and suggesting future research directions, we highlight the urgent need for studies that systematically investigate these factors. Addressing these gaps could significantly improve treatment outcomes for girls and women with ADHD, particularly during biological and gender role transitions.
Seeing the World Submerged: Exploring the Potential of AI Image Generation for Climate Change Communication
Authors: Castillo Laura Raquel , Rafner Janet , Nockur Laila , Buttlar Benjamin
Published: August 2024

Typical climate change imagery often fails to make the issue feel relevant, limiting its impact on pro-environmental attitudes and behavior. This underscores the need for innovative climate change communication approaches. Promising innovations may come from the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. In the present research, we explore how AI image generation can serve as a novel tool for climate change communication. Thirteen participants used AI to create highly tailored visualizations of climate change scenarios, specifically flooding, in places of personal significance or neutrality (high vs. low place attachment). We captured their experiences throughout the image production process via in-depth semi-structured interviews. The analysis revealed that creating the visualizations elicited multifaceted effects on participants, including emotional arousal, deep contemplation, and behavioral intentions. Key psychological factors such as psychological distance, place attachment, and self-efficacy shaped these reactions. This shows the great potential of AI to personalize and enhance climate change communication; however, its use also has limitations, requiring responsible application.
The Hessdalen Lights Seen as the Aerial Counterpart of an Unsuspected Subsoil Phenomenon. Is the Earth Harboring a Multimouth Wormhole?
Authors: Pascoli Gianni
Published: August 2024

To date, Hessdalen lights (HLs) are misunderstood; nevertheless, these phenomena are surprisingly ignored by most of the scientific community. However, a few researchers, such as Erling Strand and Massimo Teodorani, have paved the right path by showing that experimental methods of physics can be applied to study HLs. Additionally, we believe that matter cannot simply be brushed aside and that it deserves a serious examination. Recently, we proposed a possible origin of HLs (Pascoli, 2021). The basic idea—a micrometric wormhole manifestation—is promoted here, and we suggest that the Hessdalen-type lights, seen pretty much everywhere in the world, may eventually be interpreted as a symptom of an unsuspected phenomenon deep in the subsoil of the considered site. The idea of a geological origin for the Hessdalen lights has already been proposed (Teodorani, 2004, 2014); however, this interesting suggestion is being reconsidered from an entirely new perspective. The present paper has to be seen as a working hypothesis, in which the main interests are to foster thinking on underlying physics and to suggest a full series of experiments that can be performed on these very enigmatic Hessdalen lights. Regardless of the strength of a hypothesis, the experiment is the final arbiter in science.
Online Group PK Experiments: Hypothesis Testing and Theory Development
Authors: McClenon James
Published: August 2024

The author conducted weekly online group psychokinesis (PK) experiments between Aug. 9, 2019 and Feb. 25, 2023, with the goal of experiencing collective PK. Participant observation experiments were designed to uncover variables associated with group PK experiences rather than prove the existence of PK. Early experiments seemed to increase individual propensity for spontaneous anomalous experience. The group began attempting to influence pinwheel turning on June 12, 2020. Direct observation seemed to reduce pinwheel turning. Certain conversational elements, such as emotion and discussion of psychical research, seemed to enhance turning. A motion-activated Blink camera was incorporated into the protocol on November 8, 2021, allowing documentation of 44 pinwheel experiments. Experiences involved ostensible anomalous pinwheel turning, equipment failures, poltergeist-like events, and trickster effects. Quantitative results included: (1) Significantly more pinwheel turning, as measured by camera activations, during group meetings compared to equivalent non-group periods; (2) Certain discussion topics were associated with rapid turning: occult traditions, psychic readings, psychical research; and (3) Other variables were associated with reduced turning: direct observation, relaxation exercise, miscellaneous discussion topics. Participants felt that the pinwheels exhibited a form of intelligence due to the pinwheel response to group discussion. Trickster effects included turning patterns that changed over time, unusual equipment failures, and ‘hiding’ behavior thwarting full verification. These features suggest that the replicability of findings may be limited, although a series of methodological guidelines are suggested to increase success. Grounded theory strategies allow theory development, and a new model is proposed to account for the phenomena in question.
ESTIMATIVA DO VOLUME EM ÁRVORES DE Hymenaea coubaril e Trattinnickia burserifolia NO NORTE DE MATO GROSSO
Authors: Miranda Dirceu Lucio Carneiro , Paro Bruno Alonso Veneran , Costa Guilherme Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi ajustar equações volumétricas para as espécies Amazônicas Hymenaea courbaril (Jatobá) e Trattinnickia burserifolia (Amescla) e avaliar a precisão das estimativas na comparação com o emprego de um fator de forma geral. Foi realizada a cubagem rigorosa pelo método de Smalian em 70 árvores de cada espécie e coletado os dados de DAP e altura comercial. O critério de seleção para a escolha do melhor modelo volumétrico foi o valor ponderado dos escores estatísticos (VP). Foram separados ao acaso os dados de volume de 20 árvores de cada espécie e aplicado o teste de ANOVA para verificar as diferenças entre os volumes estimados pelas equações e pelo fator de forma. As melhores equações ajustadas foram de Spur (R2aj 0,90) para H. courbaril e Stoate (R2aj 0,96) para T. burserifolia. Os resultados obtidos pela análise de variância apresentaram diferença significativa apenas para a estimativa do volume comercial de T. burserifolia utilizando o fator de forma 0,7. Conclui-se que os modelos matemáticos estimam o volume com maior precisão que o fator de forma 0,7, no entanto é necessário ajustá-los para diferentes espécies e condições edafo-climáticas. Palavras-chave: Equações de volume, fator de forma, espécies nativas, Amazônia.   ESTIMATED VOLUME IN TREES OF Hymenaea coubaril and Trattinnickia burserifolia IN NORTHERN MATO GROSSO ABSTRACTThe study objective was to adjust volumetric equations for amazonian species of Hymenaea courbaril (Jatobá) and Trattinnickia burserifolia (Amescla) and see if there is a significant difference in estimating merchantable volume of these species from the equations of volume and form factor (0.7) established by decree 1862 of 04/2009. The cubing was performed by the Smalian method in 70 trees of each species and collected data DBH and commercial height. The selection criterion for choosing the best volumetric model was weighted by the value of statistical scores (VP). Volume data from 20 trees of each species was used the ANOVA to determine differences between the estimated volumes by the equations and the form factor 0.7 were separated randomly. The best equations were adjusted by Spur (R2aj0.90) for H. courbaril and Stoate (R2aj 0.96) for T. burserifolia. The results obtained by the variance analysis showed a significant difference only for the estimated trade volume of T. burserifolia using the form factor of 0.7. It is concluded that mathematical models estimate the volume more accurately than the form factor of 0.7, however it is necessary to adjust them for different species and environmental conditions. Keywords: Volumetric equations, Form factor and species native, Amazon. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v02n04a08
ACCEPTABILITY OF BEETROOT PRE-PROCESSED UNDER DIFFERENT COOKING METHODS
Authors: Ramos Juliana Arruda , Daiuto Érica Regina , Fujita Érika , Carvalho Lidia Raquel de , Vieites Rogério Lopes
Published: August 2024

ACEITABILIDADE DE BETERRABAS PRÉ-PROCESSADAS SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE COCÇÃOObjetivou-se avaliar a aceitabilidade da beterraba submetida a quatro tratamentos térmicos (cocção a vapor, cocção em panela de pressão, cocção no forno e na água em imersão) e em três diferentes pré-preparos (beterrabas inteiras com casca, beterrabas inteiras descascadas manualmente e beterrabas descascadas e fatiadas em processador de alimentos). Foram analisados os seguintes atributos sensoriais: aparência, odor, textura, sabor e avaliação geral através de teste afetivo utilizando escala hedônica estruturada de nove pontos. A análise sensorial foi realizada com provadores não selecionados e não treinados, de ambos os sexos, com idade acima de 18 anos, sendo 60 provadores para cada dia de análise. A melhor e pior aceitação sensorial, para o sexo feminino, foi das beterrabas fatiadas cozidas no vapor e as fatiadas na pressão, enquanto que para o sexo masculino, as mais aceitas foram as inteiras com cascas cozidas na panela de pressão e as fatiadas no vapor, e a menos aceitas foram as fatiadas cozidas em imersão em água. Para ambos os sexos, as mais e menos aceitas foram as fatiadas no vapor e no forno e as inteiras com casca no forno. As maiores perdas na coloração foram das beterrabas fatiadas cozidas na pressão e imersas em água.Palavras-chave: Beta vulgaris L., tratamento térmico, pré-preparo, análise sensorial. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of beet subjected to four heat treatments (steam cooking, cooking in a pressure cooker, cooking in the oven and immersion in water) and three different pre-preparation methods (whole unpeeled, whole and manually peeled, and peeled and sliced in a food processor). The following sensory attributes were analyzed: appearance, odor, texture, flavor and overall evaluation through affective test using a hedonic scale with nine points. Sensory analysis was performed with unselected and untrained tasters of both sexes, aged over 18 years, 60 tasters for each day of analysis. The best sensory acceptance in the oppinion of women was attributed for sliced and steamed beets and the worst for sliced beets cooked in pressure cooker, while for men, the most accepted were whole unpeeled beets cooked in pressure cooker and sliced steamed beets, and the less accepted were sliced beets cooked through immersion in water. For both sexes, the most and less accepted were sliced steamed beets and sliced beets cooked in the oven and whole unpeeled beets cooked in the oven. The biggest losses of color occurred in sliced beets cooked in pressure cooker and immersed in water.Keywords: Beta vulgaris L., heat treatment, pre-preparation, sensory analysis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n04a05
ALTERAÇÕES FLORÍSTICAS E ESTRUTURAIS EM UM FRAGMENTO DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA NO PLANALTO NORTE CATARINENSE
Authors: Stepka Thiago Floriani , De Camargo Alisson Diego , Ruthes Diane Janaine , Budant Sobrinho Júlio , Lisboa Gerson dos Santos , Roik Mailson
Published: August 2024

Em um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (FOM) localizado no campus de Marcilio Dias da Universidade do Contestado situado no município de Canoinhas, SC, foi instalada, no ano de 2013, uma parcela permanente de um hectare, sendo que todas as árvores com DAP ≥ 10 cm foram mediadas, identificadas e posicionadas em um sistema cartesiano X e Y. No ano de 2014 ocorreu a remedição da parcela permanente seguindo-se os mesmo critérios de medição 2013 e, ainda, computando-se as árvores ingressas e mortas. A pesquisa teve por objetivos avaliar possíveis mudanças na composição florística, na estrutura horizontal e vertical no fragmento florestal. Em 2013 foram encontradas 835 árvores distribuídas em 25 famílias botânicas, 37 gêneros e 49 espécies. No ano de 2014 o número de árvores foi de 855 indivíduos, distribuídos em 25 famílias botânicas, 38 gêneros e 52 espécies. As espécies de maior valor de importância ampliado (VIA) tanto em 2013 quanto em 2014 foram as espécies Cupania vernalis (15,75 e 15,62%), Sebastiania commersoniana (11,33 e 11,32%) e Araucaria angustifolia (6,73 e 6,67%). A distribuição diamétrica encontrada nas duas medições realizadas apresentou forma decrescente (J-invertido), característica em florestas nativas inequiâneas.Palavras-chave: estrutura horizontal, estrutura vertical, fitossociologia, floresta com araucária. FLORISTICS AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN A FRAGMENT OF ARUACRAIA FOREST IN CATARINENSE PLATEAU NORTH IN 2013-2014 ABSTRACTIn a remnant of Araucaria Forest located on the campus of Marcilio Dias of the University of Contestado situated in Canoinhas, SC, Brazil, were installed in 2013, a permanent plot of 1 hectare, and every tree with DBH higher than 10 cm were mediated identified and positioned in a cartesian XY. In 2014 came the measurement of the permanent portion followed by the same measurement 2013 criteria, and also computing the ingrowth and dead trees. The research aimed to evaluate possible changes in floristic composition, horizontal and vertical structure of the forest fragment. In 2013 they found 835 trees distributed in 25 botanical families, 37 genus and 49 species. In the year 2014 the number of trees was 855 individuals, distributed in 25 botanical families, 38 genus and 52 species. The species of greatest value expanded importance (IVIA) both in 2013 as in 2014 were Cupania vernalis (15.75 and 15.62%), the Sebastiania commersoniana (11.33 and 11.32%) and Araucaria angustifolia (6.73 and 6.67%). The diametric distribution found, in both measurements, showed decreasing order (J-inverted), a characteristic of natural forests uneven-aged stands.Keywords: horizontal structure, vertical structure, phytosociology, araucaria forest. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v04n04a07
ATMOSFERA MODIFICADA E REFRIGERAÇÃO NA CONSERVAÇÃO PÓS-COLHEITA DE BANANAS ‘TROPICAL’ E ‘THAP MAEO’
Authors: Siqueira Célia Lúcia , Lopes Osdnéia Pereira , Batista Paulo Sérgio Cardoso , Rodrigues Maria Luísa Mendes , Serpa Miryan Franciele Pereira , Mizobutsi Gisele Polete , Da Mota Wagner Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Foi avaliada a influência da refrigeração associada às embalagens de polietileno de diferentes espessuras, na conservação e qualidade pós-colheita de frutos de bananas das cultivares Tropical e Thap Maeo produzidas no Norte de Minas Gerais (Brasil). Frutos de bananeira Tropical e Thap Maeo fisiologicamente maduros foram selecionados, lavados, imersos em solução fungicida (Sportak 450 CE, na dose de 0,280 mL L-1 e espalhante adesivo Iharaguem na dose de 0,3 mL L-1) e acondicionados em embalagens de polietileno 16 μm, 10 μm e sem embalagem conservados a 12, 15 e 25 ºC. Foram avaliados: firmeza, teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, relação sólidos solúveis/acidez, pH, coloração da casca e perda de matéria fresca. A utilização de membranas de polietileno de 16 e 10μm, associada ao armazenamento a 12 e 15 °C mostra uma retenção do processo de amadurecimento dos frutos das cultivares Tropical e Thap Maeo..Palavras-chave: Musa ssp., armazenamento, embalagem de polietileno. MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND COOLING IN BANANA ‘TROPICAL’ AND ‘THAP MAEO’ POSTHARVEST2016  ABSTRACT:Was evaluated the influence of refrigeration associated with polyethylene packages of different thicknesses on the conservation and post-harvest quality of banana fruits of tropical and Thap Maeo cultivars produced in northern Minas Gerais (Brazil). The physiologically mature tropical and Thap Maeo banana fruits were selected, washed, immersed in fungicidal solution (Sportak 450 CE, at the dose of 0.280 mL L-1 and Iharaguem in a dose of 0.3 mL L-1) and packed in Polyethylene 16 μm, 10 μm and without packaging preserved at 12, 15 and 25 ºC. The following values were evaluated: firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids / acidity ratio, pH, peel color and loss of fresh matter. The use of 16 and 10μm polyethylene membranes, associated with storage at 12 and 15 ºC, shows a retention of the ripening process of the fruits of the cultivars Tropical and Thap Maeo.Keywords: Musa ssp., storage, polyethylene packaging. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n03a01
RETARDO DA MATURAÇÃO EM CAJARANAS (Spondias cytherea) TRATADAS COM 1-MCP
Authors: Sanches Alex Guimarães , Silva Maryelle Barros da , Moreira Elaine Gleice Silva , Costa Jaqueline Macedo , Cosme Shirley Silva
Published: August 2024

A cajarana (Spondias cytherea) é um fruto climatérico altamente perecível, e por isso, são exploradas comercialmente sob a forma processada. Com o intuito de aumentar sua vida de prateleira, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência do 1-MCP no retardo da maturação e consequentemente na melhoria da qualidade dos frutos da cajaraneira ao longo do tempo de armazenamento sob condições de temperatura ambiente. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 6 sendo quatro concentrações de 1-MCP em seis tempos de avaliação, com cinco repetições e cinco frutos compondo a parcela experimental. A cada três dias, durante um período de quinze dias os frutos foram analisados quanto a: perda de massa fresca, firmeza da polpa, coloração da casca, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, conteúdo de vitamina C, taxa respiratória e índice de maturação. Os resultados mostraram interação significativa para todos os tratamentos, com exceção para a perda de massa fresca que diferiu somente ao longo do tempo de armazenamento. A aplicação de 1-MCP proporcionou um período de até seis dias úteis a mais quando comparados ao tratamento controle, tendo na concentração de 1,5 μL L-1 os melhores resultados.Palavras-chave: fruto tropical, conservação, qualidade, vida útil. RETARDATION OF MATURITY IN CAJARANA (Spondias cytherea) TREATED WITH 1-MCP ABSTRACT: The cajarana (Spondias cytherea) is a climacteric fruit and highly perishable, for this reason are exploited commercially under processed manner. In order to increase theshelf life of fruits, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 1-MCP in delaying maturation and consequently to improve the quality during storage time at room temperature. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4x6 with four 1-MCP concentrations in six days of evaluation, with five replications and five fruits composing the experimental plot. Every three days during a period of fifteen days the fruits were analyzed: weight loss, firmness, peel color, soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C content, respiration rate and maturity index. The results showed significant interaction for all treatments except for the loss of weight which differed only over the storage time. The application of MCP-1 gave a period of up to six more days when compared to the control treatment, with the concentration of 1,5 μL L-1 of 1-MCP presenting the best results.Keywords: tropical fruit, conservation, quality, shelf life. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n04a03
INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS NO PARQUE NACIONAL DA CHAPADA DOS GUIMARÃES-MT ENTRE 2005 E 2014
Authors: Machado Neto Arlindo de Paula , Batista Antonio Carlos , Biondi Daniela , Soares Ronaldo Viana , Batista Anderson Pedro Bernardina
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi traçar o diagnóstico dos incêndios florestais no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães-MT entre os anos de 2005 a 2014. As informações foram obtidas junto à base de dados do Parque, onde foram analisados os Registros de Ocorrências de Incêndios Florestais. As variáveis estudadas foram: número de incêndios no período e por ano; extensão da área queimada no período e por ano; distribuição anual dos incêndios e causas das ocorrências. Foram registrados 89 incêndios e os anos que apresentaram os maiores números de ocorrências, foram 2007, com 19 registros, 2006 e 2005, com 17 e 12 ocorrências respectivamente. Os meses com os maiores números de incêndios, foram: setembro (38,20%), agosto (28,09%) e julho (9%). A área total queimada, foi de 23.737, 76 ha, correspondente a 72,75% do parque, ou seja, mais da metade do parque foi queimado no período analisado. As principais causas dos incêndios foram “incendiários” com 42,7%, “queima para limpeza” com 20,22%, “raios” e “diversos”, ambos com 10,11%. Os resultados mostraram a fragilidade do parque, diante dos incêndios, dentro deste contexto é de suma importância, que sejam adotadas medidas de prevenção, planejadas, que visem a redução dos sinistros na área.Palavras chave: Fogo, unidade de conservação, queima. FOREST FIRES IN THE NATIONAL PARK OF CHAPADA DOS GUIMARÃES-MT BETWEEN 2005 AND 2014 ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to trace the diagnosis of forest fires in the National Park of Chapada dos Guimarães-MT from 2005 to 2014. The information was obtained from the Park database, where the Forest Fire Occurrence Records were analyzed. The variables studied were: number of fires in the period and per year; extent of area burned in the period and per year; annual distribution of fires and causes of occurrences. There were 89 fires recorded and the years with the highest number of occurrences were 2007, with 19 records, 2006 and 2005, with 17 and 12 occurrences respectively. The months with the highest number of fires were: september (38.20%), august (28.09%) and july (9%). The total area burned was 23,737, 76 ha, corresponding to 72.75% of the park, that is, more than half of the park was burned in the analyzed period. The main causes of the fires were "incendiaries" with 42.7%, "burning for cleaning" with 20.22%, "rays" and "diverse", both with 10.11%. The results showed the fragility of the park, in view of the fires, within this context it is of the utmost importance that preventive measures, planned, aiming at the reduction of accidents in the area.Keywords: fire, conservation unit, burn. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n05a09
AVALIAÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE SORGO SACARINO (Sorghum bicolor (L.) MOENCH) NA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA, BRASIL
Authors: Nascimento Mailson Ferreira , Campos Milton César Costa , Silva Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro da , Mantovanelli Bruno Campos , Gomes Romario Pimenta , Weckner Felipe da Costa , Jordão Half Weinberg Corrêa
Published: August 2024

Para se obter uma produção satisfatória é necessário além de um bom manejo, fazer a escolha das cultivares que melhor se adequam a uma determinada região. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar cultivares de sorgo sacarino (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) na região de Humaitá, AM. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, compostos por treze cultivares de sorgo sacarino e quatro repetições. Cada parcela foi composta por cinco linhas de 5 m de comprimento, com espaçamentos regulares de 0,70 m nas entre linhas. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: diâmetro do colmo, altura de plantas, floração, produção de massa verde, ciclo da cultura, altura do colmo e sólidos solúveis totais (°Brix). Os resultados das variáveis estudadas foram submetidos ao teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. É possível observar diferenças significativas entre cultivares para as características avaliadas. As cultivares de sorgo sacarino BR 501 e Wray tiveram resultados bastante promissores quanto a concentração de sólidos solúveis totais, sendo esta uma das variáveis essenciais na escolha de cultivares para produção de etanol.Palavras-chave: produção, Sorghum bicolor, ciclo, floração. SORGHUM CULTIVARS SACCHARINE ASSESSMENT (Sorghum bicolor (L.) MOENCH) AMAZON REGION, BRAZIL ABSTRACT To obtain a satisfactory output is required in addition to good management, choose cultivars that are best suited to a region. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars in Humaitá region, AM. The experimental design was a randomized block, composed of three varieties of sorghum and four replications. Each plot consisted of five lines of with 5m long, with irregular spacing of 0.70 m between the lines. The following variables were evaluated: Flowering, stem diameter, plant height, green mass production, crop cycle, stem height and total soluble solids (°Brix). The results of the variables studied were submitted to the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. It can observe significant differences between cultivars for the evaluated characteristics. The cultivars of sorghum saccharine BR 501 and Wray had very promising results as the concentration of soluble solids, which is one of the essential variables in choosing varieties for ethanol production.Keywords: production, Sorghum bicolor, cycle, flowering. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n06a01
MORTALIDADE DE MUDAS DE ESPÉCIES NATIVAS SOB EFEITO DO PASTEJO DE CAPRINOS, OVINOS E EMAS: IMPLICAÇÕES PARA PROJETOS DE RECUPERAÇÃO/RESTAURAÇÃO DE ÁREAS DEGRADADAS NA CAATINGA
Authors: Fabricante Juliano Ricardo , Araújo Kelianne Carolina Targino de , Manfio Marcos , Siqueira-Filho José Alves de
Published: August 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo demonstrar o efeito da herbivoria por caprinos e ovinos sobre mudas utilizadas em um projeto de recuperação/restauração de áreas degradadas (RAD) na Caatinga, além de apresentar a ema como uma alternativa para o problema. O experimento foi realizado em parcelas de 2.500 m². No interior de cada uma destas unidades amostrais, mudas de espécies da Caatinga foram plantadas. As mudas foram monitoradas durante um mês a fim de identificar as plantas mortas. Com esses dados foi calculada a taxa de mortalidade (TM) e os resultados comparados entre os animais. As taxas médias de mortalidade foram maiores para as mudas sob efeito do pastejo de caprinos e ovinos. As taxas variaram de 12-100% para as mudas sob efeito do pastejo de caprinos, de 32-100% de ovinos e de 0-24% de emas. Estatisticamente a mortalidade de mudas sob efeito do pastejo de caprinos e ovinos foram superiores as provocadas pelas emas para a maioria das 10 espécies testadas. Os resultados obtidos ratificam os efeitos danosos de caprinos e ovinos sob a flora da Caatinga e evidenciam a dificuldade de RAD com a presença desses animais. Já as emas se mostraram promissoras para a criação em áreas de projetos de RAD.Palavras-chave: caprinovinocultura, degradação ambiental, Savana Estépica. MORTALITY OF SEEDLINGS OF NATIVE SPECIES UNDER GRAZING EFFECT OF GOATS, SHEEP AND EMAS: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESTORATION PROJECTS OF DEGRADED AREAS IN THE DRY FOREST ABSTRACTThe present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of herbivory by goats and sheep on seedlings used in a project to restore degraded areas in the Caatinga, in addition to presenting emas as an alternative to the problem. The experiment was carried out in 2,500 m² plots. Within each of these sample units, seedlings of Caatinga species were planted. The seedlings were monitored for a month to identify dead plants. With these data the mortality rate and the results compared between the animals were calculated. The average mortality rates were higher for the seedlings under the effect of grazing of goats and sheep. The rates ranged from 12-100% for the grazing under goat grazing, 32-100% sheep and 0-24% emas. Statistically, the mortality of grazing under goat and sheep grazing was higher than that caused by emas for most of the 10 species tested. The results obtained ratify the damaging effects of goats and sheep under the Caatinga flora and evidenced the difficulty of RAD with the presence of these animals. The emas were promising for creation in areas of RAD projects.Keywords: breeding of goats and sheep, ambiental degradation, Caatinga. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n06a05