bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Logical Fallacies as a Possible Source of Misconceptions and Inadequate Patient Recommendations Given by Medical Professionals – A Preliminary Review
Authors: Pawłowski Michał , Skowrońska Magdalena , Milewski Robert
Published: January 2023

The aim of this article was to prepare a basis for further quantitative research concerning the nutritional knowledge of medical professionals (doctors) and dieticians in view of the accuracy of dietary recommendations given to patients. For this purpose, a review of literature data in this area was performed and logical fallacies were proposed as the ‘tool’ that doctors rely on in cases when they lack the proper knowledge required to be able give an informed and beneficial recommendation. In the course of the study, it was found that nutritional education is neglected in medical curricula, while dieticians are underused as professionals in clinical settings. Furthermore, numerous characteristics of the medical profession and the doctor–patient relationship are conducive to committing several types of logical fallacies, prompted mainly by the need for providing advice without delay and the infallibility traditionally expected from doctors. Hence, the gaps in nutritional knowledge and the fallacious character of recommendations, in addition to the re-valuation of the role of the nutritionist, need to be further investigated in order to improve the quality of patient advice in the area of dietary requirements as well as to propose the necessary changes in curricula.
Reasoning with Expectations About Causal Relations
Authors: Gärdenfors Peter
Published: January 2023

Reasoning is not just following logical rules, but a large part of human reasoning depends on our expectations about the world. To some extent, non-monotonic logic has been developed to account for the role of expectations. In this article, the focus is on expectations based on actions and their consequences. The analysis is based on a two-vector model of events where an event is represented in terms of two main components – the force of an action that drives the event, and the result of its application. Actions are modelled in terms of the force domain and the results are modelled with the aid of different domains for locations or properties of objects. As a consequence, the assumption that reasoning about causal relations should be made in terms of propositional structures becomes very unnatural. Instead, the reasoning will be based on the geometric and topological properties of causes and effects modelled in conceptual spaces.
Sovereign Asset and Liability Management (SALM): Perspective of Pandemic COVID-19 Outbreak in Oecd Countries, Including Poland
Authors: Budzeń Daniel , Marchewka-Bartkowiak Kamilla
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is global and affects all countries in the world. The difference in the financial impact assessment of its outbreak concerns, inter alia, the state of preparation of the public sector in the previous period. The article assumes that countries which coordinated the structure of sovereign assets and liabilities before 2020 were less exposed to the negative effects of financial risks resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

The study uses data and methodology of the International Monetary Fund and the authors’ measures dedicated to the public sector to assess the sovereign asset and liability management (SALM).

As part of the results, the negative value of net worth and the national net welfare index for the studied countries, including Poland in the period before the pandemic crisis, were indicated. In addition, the level of the loans mismatch on the public balance sheet and the scale of the increase in financial risk in the first year of COVID-19 are presented. Conclusions of research make it possible to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Sovereign Asset and Liability Management.
Covid Monetary Expansion: Are Business Profits to be Blamed for the Inflation in 2022?
Authors: Machaj Mateusz
Published: January 2023

Recent increases in inflation rates around the world has lead to many discussions on the causes of such rapid adjustments, some suggesting that higher profits are responsible driving force behind inflation. Here we will focus on the United States case and demonstrate why quantity theory of money is relevant to explain what has been going on with inflation after 2020 rather than profit based theory of inflation. First section introduces the argument. Second section restates quantity theory of money with relevance to the empirical literature. Third section shows why quantity theory despite some suggestions works to explain the current levels of inflation. Fourth section notices why increases in nominal profits during inflation are part of the natural adjustment path. Last section offers concluding comments.
Fears in the Light of Zygmunt Bauman’s Liquid Post-Modernity
Authors: Matera Paulina , Matera Rafał
Published: January 2023

Main task of the paper is to recall sociologist and philosopher – Zygmunt Bauman’s observations and concepts on the fears, anxieties, and uncertainties that appear in the modern world. Main focus was directed to Europe as Bauman was particularly concerned about its future and its role in the global society. The paper is illustrated using current examples from political, social, and economic life to confirm and/or negate Bauman’s concepts. We ask: are fears stable or changeable? Are they stronger or weaker? Are they constant, coming to an end, or are they replaced by new ones? Additionally, we confront Bauman’s concepts with the ideas of other sociologists who applied the interpretative perspective.

We define fear following Bauman’s various proposals, and we distinguish many kinds of fears, giving examples from Western societies and socio-economic realities during the time of globalization. We refer to a few relevant sociological concepts to understand Bauman’s view better, e.g. the strategy of detour or the term of generalized other. In conclusions, we state that most fears remain the same (especially ontological ones). However, in the 21st century, we can observe the emergence of new ones (also artificial ones).
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Subnational Finance: Polish Experience
Authors: Patrzałek Leszek , Gałecka Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments worldwide established various mechanisms to facilitate the pandemic response and ensure the state’s functioning. As a consequence, the economic impact of the COVID-19 crisis varies in countries, depending on the region. We are looking for answers to research questions: how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the finances of local government institutions in 2020–2021; Is it possible to distinguish the types of units where this impact was greater or smaller, and whether and how the pandemic-related legislation influenced the fiscal relations between the state and local government, especially in the context of the local government institutions’ financial independence. We have noticed that financial solutions dedicated to local government units, as well as making local government fiscal rules more flexible, allowed to maintain the potential of the local economic base. They also had a diversified impact on the Polish local government institutions’ income level.
Fiscal Federalism and the COVID-19 Crisis: Theoretical Aspects and Poland’s Experience
Authors: Poniatowicz Marzanna
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the specifics of the COVID-19 crisis and its impact on the public finance system, taking into account the key problems of the theory of fiscal federalism. The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of the pandemic crisis on the fiscal relations taking place between different levels of public authority (intergovernmental relations–IGR), considered in the context of the decentralization of the public finance system and the associated distribution of public functions and resources. The article refers to the model features of these relationships, as defined in the theory of fiscal federalism. It also examined the responses of European countries to the negative effects of the COVID-19 crisis, taken within the framework of the IGR, in order to limit the negative effects of the pandemic at different stages. An attempt was also made to answer the question of how the current pandemic crisis may change the multilevel governance (MLG) patterns set forth in the doctrine. The Polish public finance system was used as an example for detailed analysis in this regard.
Factors Determing the COVID-19 Fiscal Stimulus Packages. the Case of the Advanced and Emerging Economies
Authors: Wildowicz-Szumarska Anna
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the determinants of fiscal policy in the times of COVID-19. Most economists share the opinion that fiscal packages are necessary to mitigate the health and economic costs of a pandemic. However, the scale of fiscal intervention and the types of fiscal policy instruments that should be used raise doubts.

The aim of the article is to explore the factors determining the size and structure of fiscal packages which have been implemented globally in response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, attention is drawn to the potential impact of fiscal intervention on public finance sustainability, bearing in mind that most governments have chosen to use fiscal support instruments to enhance consumption and investment following the COVID-19 hit, although the cross-country differences are evident both in the magnitude and composition of fiscal stimulus packages.

A descriptive analysis was conducted along with a panel data analysis to examine the determinants of government fiscal support in response to the COVID-19 crisis. The empirical analysis is based on cross-sectional data from the International Monetary Fund, OECD and Eurostat. The sample consists of 40 countries representing advanced and emerging economies. Based on the panel analysis, it was found that the total fiscal stimulus packages depended mainly on the fiscal space. Fiscal intervention in countries with greater tax-collection capacity (such as Germany, United States, United Kingdom and Japan) was greater compared to others. A positive and statistically significant relationship between the average income level and the size of fiscal stimulus was also confirmed. Moreover, it turned out that countries with larger populations and higher fatality rates provided greater fiscal support for the COVID-19 pandemic.The empirical analysis expands the existing knowledge on the determinants of the fiscal policy implemented in response to the COVID-19 crisis under the conditions of low interest rates, when macroeconomic stabilization can only be ensured through fiscal stimulus programs.
Poetyki rozproszone
Authors: Birkholc Robert , Szczęsna Ewa , Waligóra Janusz
Published: January 2023

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Koncepcje dialogowości Michaiła Bachtina a prawo karne
Authors: Barczak-Oplustil Agnieszka
Published: January 2023

Artykuł stanowi spojrzenie na interpretację Kodeksu karnego z perspektywy koncepcji dialogowości Michaiła Bachtina. Poprzedzone ono zastało omówieniem podobieństw i różnic występujących między tekstem literackim a tekstem prawnym, na które wskazują przedstawiciele kierunku prawo i literatura. Punktem odniesienia dla czynionych rozważań był czasownik „powoduje”, analizowany z uwzględnieniem zmieniającego się kontekstu, jak również jego rozumienia przez adresatów zakazu, którego jest on częścią.
„Jak opisać miasto, które nie jest z kamienia, ale z ciała?” Doświadczenie ruchu i dotyku w lekturze dwudziesto- i dwudziestopierwszowiecznych powieści miejskich jako szczególna forma flânerie
Authors: Kafel Małgorzata
Published: January 2023

Nawiązując do przedstawionej w 2011 roku przez Hansa Ulricha Gumbrechta koncepcji „czytania nastrojów”, autorka artykułu stawia tezę, iż możliwy jest odbiór literatury w sposób uwzględniający doznania taktylne i kinetyczne. Kategoria nastroju wraz z instrumentarium z obszaru geopoetyki w nieoczekiwany sposób zyskały na przydatności w 2020 roku, w obliczu wywołanych pandemią COVID-19 zmian w życiu mieszkańców miast. Lektura „ze względu na nastrój” dwóch narracji o mieście – Pani Dalloway Virginii Woolf oraz Londyn NW Zadie Smith – pozwala wnioskować o słuszności postawionej tezy.
Fokalizacja taktylna w filmie
Authors: Birkholc Robert
Published: January 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest reprezentacjom taktylnych doświadczeń bohaterów w filmie. Choć zagadnienie taktylności cieszy się dużą popularnością wśród współczesnych filmoznawców, to jednak nie było dotychczas przedmiotem szerokich badań z zakresu poetyki strukturalnej. Autor ujmuje zagadnienie, odwołując się do koncepcji narratologicznej Mieke Bal oraz zaproponowanej przez badaczkę kategorii fokalizacji. Badacz wyróżnia podstawowe sposoby oddawania doświadczeń taktylnych w filmie, które mogą być przedstawiane zarówno w ramach narracji zobiektywizowanej, jak i w ramach subiektywizacji. Materiałem analitycznym jest Wstręt Romana Polańskiego, w którym doświadczenia taktylne głównej bohaterki organizują poetykę przekazu. Autor próbuje dowieść funkcjonalności kategorii fokalizacji taktylnej, pozwalającej zogniskować się na zagadnieniach z zakresu poetyki tekstu, które były marginalizowane przez tradycyjną narratologię.
O ważniejszych związkach poezji K.I. Gałczyńskiego ze sztukami plastycznymi
Authors: Karwala Marek
Published: January 2023

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Insights into British Columbian Hospital Pharmacists Perspectives on the Discharge Process
Authors: Ladhar Simroop , Dahri Karen , Inglis Colleen , Sambrielaz Amanda , Raza Haider , Legal Michael
Published: January 2023

Background: Transitions of care represent a vulnerable time for patients where unintended therapeutic changes are common and inadequate communication of information frequently results in medication errors. Pharmacists have a large impact on the success of patients during these care transitions; however, their role and experiences are largely absent from the literature.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to gain a greater understanding of British Columbian hospital pharmacists’ perceptions of the hospital discharge process and their role in it.
Methods:  A qualitative study utilizing focus groups and key informant interviews of British Columbian hospital pharmacists was conducted from April to May 2021. Questions asked during interviews were developed following a detailed literature search and included questions regarding the use of frequently studied interventions. Interview sessions were transcribed and then thematically analyzed using both NVivo software and manual coding.
Results:  Three focus groups with a total of 20 participants and one key informant interview were conducted. Six themes were identified through data analysis: (1) overall perspectives; (2) important roles of pharmacists in discharges; (3) patient education; (4) barriers to optimal discharges; (5) solutions to current barriers; and (6) prioritization.
Conclusions and Relevance: Pharmacists play a vital role in patient discharges but due to limited resources and inadequate staffing models they are often unable to be optimally involved. Understanding the thoughts and perceptions of pharmacists on the discharge process can help us better allocate limited resources to ensure patients receive optimal care.
Tuberculosis infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: Comparing USA and global tuberculosis in 2019 and 2020
Authors: Bvute Kushinga M. , Ogunfuwa Feyikemi , DeDonno Michael A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) was the worldwide leading cause of mortality from a single infectious agent before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The incidence of TB infections has continually declined since 2000, but the COVID-19 pandemic has reversed this
trend. In 2020, global health officials reported a 21% drop in documented cases relative to TB cases in 2019. Although previous studies evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global TB cases, we are not aware of reports that compared U.S. and global TB cases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective: To analyze prepandemic and pandemic volumes of TB cases within the United States and compare findings with global TB volumes. Methods: This descriptive study used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to compare reported TB
cases in the United States in 2019 and 2020. TB cases from the United States were compared with data about global TB cases. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with decreased TB testing and cases in the United States. The five states with the highest number of
TB cases remained the same in 2019 and 2020, and included California, Texas, New York, Florida, and New Jersey. In these states, TB predominantly occurred in non‐U.S.-born residents and most patients solely presented with pulmonary manifestations. In the United States, the most substantial
risk factor for TB was diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased access to TB services and discouraged patients from seeking TB care, which inadvertently disrupted international and U.S. TB surveillance systems. Given the decline in documented TB cases,
leaders may need to anticipate an increase in TB cases and begin to aggressively reallocate resources to improve TB detection and care to mitigate the recent changes.
THE CONTENT OF THE PRIMARY SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF TIMSS INTERNATIONAL STUDY PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
Authors: HLADIUK TETIANA , HLADIUK MYKOLA
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of TIMSS international research program natural science component. The relevance of the primary science education research by means of TIMSS has been substantiated: the international research covers more than 50 world countries; it defines an opportunity for teachers and scientists to assess the state of primary students’ scientific literacy in comparison with other countries; the factors influencing the quality of natural science education have been found out; ways to improve the content of the natural science training in the primary school have been defined.

The purpose of the article is to compare the content of the natural science by primary typical curriculum and the TIMSS international program, to suggest the ways to improve the natural science education of primary school students in domestic school. The Research methods – comparative analysis, generalization of results. A comparative analysis of the natural education content within a typical primary curriculum and the international TIMSS program for the 4th grade students has been carried out. The content blocks of the basic natural-scientific branches to estimate primary pupils’ natural-scientific literacy have been discussed. Themes of natural character absent in the elementary school typical curriculum have been defined. The goals of studying natural topics according to the international program and the expected results of the natural education field have been compared. The main tasks for cognitive areas (“knowledge”, “applying”, “reasoning”) assessment have been stated. Sample tasks for the fourth-graders’ natural literacy assessing have been given. The content of the concepts “natural sciences competency”, “natural sciences educational achievements”, “natural science literacy” has been revealed. Ways to improve primary school natural training in Ukraine have been suggested.
MODELLING OF THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC EMERGENCY MODES AND ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE SECTIONAL UNDERGROUND SUBSTATION OF THE IRON ORE MINE
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih National University, Vlasiuk Valentyn
Published: January 2023

Improve the existing model of power supply of the underground substation in static and dynamic modes of its operation and perform simulation of static and dynamic emergency modes of its operation.The paper is devoted to determining the possibility of modeling static and dynamic emergency modes of operation for a sectional underground substation operating in an iron ore mine. The model of two winding transformers in Matlab Simulink R2020b environment is proposed and justified. Computer simulation with the software Matlab Simulink R2020b allowed using more possibilities to calculate the power supply system of the sectional underground substation.The following methods were used to solve the problems: theoretical foundations of electrical engineering, electrical machines, power converter technology, mathematical analysis and computational mathematics.The use of the results of the work will provide opportunities for analysis of transient modes between static and dynamic (emergency) modes of operation of the power system of the iron ore mine, which in the future will reduce the cost of electricity consumed by the underground mine sub-station, as well as reduce the time and cost of finished electrical equipment to design new on the power system, and implement an intelligent power grid with controlled automated devices in real time.In the future, this will create new opportunities for conducting simulation to analyze transient modes between static and dynamic (emergency) modes of operation of the power system of the iron ore mine, which will further reduce the cost of electricity consumed by the site underground mine substation. This will reduce the time and cost of finished electrical equipment to design new loads on the power system, as well as to implement an intelligent electrical network with controllable automated devices in real time.
Traditional formulas in Yakut folk songs recorded S. I. Bolo and A. A. Savvin
Authors:   Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North SB RAS, Pavlova N. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of Yakut folk songs, with the principle of classification of traditional formulas of folk tales applied. The study focused on the songs included in the manuscript of the volume “Yakut folk songs” 2012 of the series “Monuments of folklore of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East”. The author draws several conclusions. All the songs under consideration contain some categories of medial formulas. Besides having the categories of medial formulas, the songs with their own plot contain some groups of initial formulas (“Song of the broom”, “Sippie”, “Ann with candy”). Three songs lack categories of initial formulas (“The song about cuckoo”, “The bull’s Song”, “The pedestrian’s Song”), all of them having only the categories of medial formulas. All these songs have the following medial formulas: formulas defining the characters’ image, formulas describing the characters’ actions, formulas included in the dialogue (typical characters’ phrases). There are no categories of final formulas in these songs. Whi le the categories of initial formulas in Yakut folk tales are used once, in folk songs, as in Olonkho, they can be repeated several times. Whereas the medial formulas in folk tales are found in the middle of the story, in folk songs, they can be found in all parts of the text.
Vowels: matching of formants to articulation
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Urtegeshev N. S.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the results of long-term studies of the vocalism of languages of different families in the Nadelyaev Laboratory of experimental phonetic research (Institute of Philology, SB RAS). The study was conducted using both somatic and acoustic research methods. The analysis involved the material collected by the author and taken from other works involving the same methods, so that all the obtained material could be comparable. Vowels were determined to be laryngeal sounds of complex formation, referred to as “laryngeal-ligamentous”, with the work of the vocal folds being a prerequisite in their production. 8 independent laryngeal-ligamentous sound types were distinguished, including laryngeal-rounded (“o”, “ö”, “y”, “ÿ”) and non-laryngeal-rounded (“a”, “e”, “ъ”, “i”). All these should be considered basic for all languages, although not all languages have implementations of all sound types. For each of these sound types, a complex articulation process in the larynx, to be identified and described, results in a sound wave characteristic of a specific sound type. In the pharynx, mouth, or nose cavity, this sound wave changes due to various articulatory movements: narrowing, compression, vibration of the scooped-out folds, movement of the body of the tongue, soft palate, lower jaw, and lips. Thus, several variants of the same sound type are produced: basic or allotypes (without additional articulation) and complicated (with additional articulation). The “Table of basic sound types” presents the basic variants with some necessary extensions and a new classification of vowels by series, with these series related to formant indicators and palatal arch. The table “Transcription designation of the main vowel settings” shows the transcription system with reference to the table “Main vowel types” in the V. M. Nadelyaev’s classification.
How, where and when authentic traditions of Jaw Harp music of Siberia and the Far East have been forming. Part 2: Structural, psycho-acoustic, and historical-geographical features of the formation of the vocal system of traditional Jaw Harp music
Authors:   Braavo Enterprises, Nikolsky A. V. , Alekseyev E. E. ,   International Institute of Boston, Alekseyev I. E. ,   Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Dyakonova V. E. ,   Arctic State Institute of Culture and Arts
Published: January 2023

This article identifies the principal factors in the evolution of the tonal organization of traditional Jaw Harp music within the context of the chronology of its geographic distribution. The specificity of the vocal system of the Jaw Harp performance technique is analyzed in comparison with the vocal systems of verbal speech and singing. Based on the theories of residue pitch and harmonic templates, the article proposes a model of phonological classification of Jaw Harp articulations. These articulations are explained from the point of view of the interaction of mechanical properties of the material of Jaw Harp construction on the one hand, and the acoustic properties of the Jaw Harp sound on the other hand. Their interdependence is used to infer the general typology of spectral textures and to hypothesize the most likely scenario of their evolution in light of what we know about the history of technologies of manufacturing various materials across the world. The second part of the article is dedicated to matters of the interaction of vocal systems of verbal speech, singing, and Jaw Harp playing. The configuration of the most intense harmonics in harmonic profiles of the principal Jaw Harp vowel articulations is shown to determine the differentiation between various Jaw Harp articulations. The overview of the available archaeological evidence in conjunction with the geographic distribution of the indigenous traditions of Jaw Harp musicking throughout the area of north-eastern Eurasia draws a perspective on the most likely location of the genesis of Jaw Harp musicking. The concluding third part of this article will focus on the evolution of the authentic Jaw Harp traditional music within the geographic area of Siberia and the Russian Far East.
Attributes of Psychosocial Distress from the Perspectives of Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients – A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Nayak Shalini Ganesh , Sharan Krishna , George Anice
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

Patients diagnosed with head-and-neck cancer (HNC) face unique challenges in comparison to other types of cancers. Sources of psychosocial distress (PSD) are multifactorial and recognising the key attributes would facilitate better understanding of the experienced distress, potentially enabling directed intervention strategies. The present research was conducted to explore the key attributes of PSD from HNC patients’ perspective to develop a tool.

Material and Methods:

The study adopted a qualitative approach. The data were collected from nine HNC patients receiving radiotherapy through focus group discussion. Data were transcribed, read and reread through for searching the meanings and patterns, to familiarise with the data and obtain ideas on experiences related to PSD. Similar experiences identified across the dataset were sorted and then collated into themes. Detailed analysis of themes and related quotes of the participants are reported with each theme.

Results:

The codes generated from the study are grouped under four major themes; ‘Irksome symptoms are distressing,’ ‘Distressing physical disability inflicted by the situation,’ ‘Social Curiosity – a distressing element’ and ‘Distressing uncertainty of future’. The attributes of PSD and the magnitude of psychosocial problems were reflected in the findings.

Conclusion:

Psychosocial health of HNC patients is greatly impacted due to disease and/or treatment. Dynamic patterns of attributes identified from the study contributed to developing a tool on PSD. The findings of this study also necessitate the need for constructing an intervention for reducing PSD based on the attributes from the HNC patient’s perspective.
Development of Care Pathway for Assessment and Treatment of Fatigue in Palliative Care
Authors: Mochamat Mochamat , Przyborek Marta , Jaspers Birgit , Cuhls Henning , Conrad Rupert , Mücke Martin , Radbruch Lukas
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

Fatigue is a frequent and burdensome symptom in patients with advanced disease in palliative care. However, it is under-assessed and undertreated in clinical practice, even though many treatment options have been identified in systematic reviews. Care pathways with defined and standardised steps have been recommended for effective management in the clinical setting. This paper describes a care pathway for managing fatigue in palliative care patients. This study aims to develop a care pathway with detailed guidance for screening, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of fatigue in palliative care patients.

Material and methods:

A collaborative effort of multidisciplinary clinicians participated in constructing the care pathway. The care pathway was developed using the following steps: (a) Developing an intervention; (b) piloting and feasibility; (c) evaluating the intervention; (d) reporting; and (e) implementation. This paper covers the first step, which includes the evidence base identification, theory identification/development, and process/outcomes modeling. A literature search was conducted to understand the extent of the fatigue problem in the palliative care setting and identify existing guidelines and strategies for managing fatigue. Consistent recommendations emanating from the included papers were then contributed to a care pathway. Patient representatives and palliative care professionals provided feedback on the draft.

Results:

The care pathway address the following care processes: (1) Screening for the presence of fatigue; (2) assessment to evaluate the severity of fatigue; (3) diagnostic procedure, including history, physical examination, and laboratory finding; (4) therapeutic management pathway for clinical decision-making; and (5) valuation of treatment effect, using questionnaires, diaries and physical activity monitoring with body-worn sensors.

Conclusion:

The development of a care pathway will help to implement regular and structured assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of fatigue for healthcare professionals treating palliative care patients. Reviewing the pathway with a multidisciplinary expert group and field testing the pathway will be the next steps toward implementation.
Features of children accommodative function in various types of refractive disorders
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Kulikova I.L. ,   Postgraduate Doctors' Training Institute, Cheboksary, Russian Federation, Aleksandrova K.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary Branch, Cheboksary, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, no single concept has been found that could interpret all morphological and functional changes in the eye during accommodation. This review of Russian and foreign publications is devoted to the analysis of accommodation function in various children's refractive disorders. The analysis shows that each refractive change is characterized by certain features in the accommodation process. The most significant changes in accommodation were found in anisotropic children, it's characterized by anisoacomodation, low accommodation response, and weak unstable accommodation. To exclude persistent functional disorders, it is necessary to diagnosis refractive disorders on early stages and manage their treatment. Key words: accommodation, anisoaccomodation, hyperopia, myopia, anisometropia
ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY PROFILE OF STUDENTS IN NATURAL SCIENCE LEARNING-BASED EXPERIENTIAL
Authors: Yasaroh Sabila , Wilujeng Insih , Atun Sri , Indah Puspita Sari Mega
Published: January 2023

The issue of environmental damage has been widely discussed in recent years in various parts of the world. Environmental literacy is very necessary for the prevention of environmental problems and for creating a healthy environment. One effective model to improve environmental literacy in schools is Experiential Learning, which invites students to design actions to care for the environment and actively participate in providing solutions to environmental problems. This study aims to determine the environmental literacy profile of students at SMPN 4 Depok in experiential learning-based science learning. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cluster random sampling technique, namely 50 students of classes VIIA and VII C. The data collection instrument used was 7 environmental literacy description test questions developed from 4 environmental literacy indicators (knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behavior). Data analysis was carried out quantitatively by calculating the percentage to determine the category of students' environmental literacy. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the average achievement of the knowledge aspect was 86.2%; the attitude aspect is 65.5%; the skill aspect is 82.5%, and the behavioral aspect is 71.4%. The average of these results shows the level of environmental literacy is 76.4% which is included in the high category. After knowing the environmental literacy profile of students, it is necessary to develop research on interesting and innovative media in science learning so that the four stages of Experiential Learning can run more optimally.
PRPF8 Expression is an Independent Predictor for Poor Prognosis in Patients with Kidney Renalclear Cell Carcinoma
Authors:   Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China, D Zhu , Z Qiqi ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, J Qi ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, M Sima ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, C Li ,   Fuxin Higher Training College, Fuxin, China, Y Li ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, Z Li ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, T Wang ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China, C Lv ,   Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
Published: January 2023

Background: Alternative splicing is an important process associated with disease including tumors. PRPF8 is a conserved protein in splice some component U5 snRNP that plays an important role in tumor cell growth. Materials and Methods: The data in The Cancer Genome Atlas was downloaded and analyzed by R Studio. The box plots showed the expression pattern of PRPF8. The chi-square test was used to manifest the association between PRPF8 expression and clinical parameters. The diagnostic value was assessed using ROC curve. The Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox regression analysis elucidated the difference of overall survival and relapse-free survival between high expression and low expression and the prognostic value. Results: We downloaded the PRPF8 expression and the clinical data of 50 healthy individuals and 537 patients from TCGA database. We found PRPF8 expression is lower in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues and is related to age, histologic grade, pathologic stage, M classification, T classification and vital status. The Kaplan Meier curves showed the patients with lower PRPF8 expression has a poorer overall survival and relapse-free survival. The Univariate and Multivariate analysis suggested PRPF8 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and relapse-free survival in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Low PRPF8 expression is an independent predictor for overall survival and relapse-free survival in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.
Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection among Women in Beijing, China: A Two-Year Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
Authors:   Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, XM Qiu , RZ Liu ,   Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, SZ Wang ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, XF Zhang ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Published: January 2023

Objective: Our study aimed to observe the dynamic epidemiological characteristics of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection among women in Beijing, China, between 2015 and 2020. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on all collected cervical specimens from women who underwent HR-HPV examination in the outpatient clinic, ward, and physical examination center of Beijing Chao yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from April to December 2015, and from April to December 2020. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect 15 HR-HPV genotypes. Results: A total of 26003 patients were enrolled in the study. No statistical difference was detected in the HR-HPV infection rate between the two years (22.1% versus 23.1%, P>0.05). The top five genotypes were HPV52/58, 16, 56 and 51, in descending order in both years. Single HR-HPV infection was the most frequent infection type in both years. The proportion of single infection in 2015 and 2020 were 73.32% (2218/3025) and 76.22% (2167/2843), respectively. There was no significant difference in infection rates across age groups in 2015, but the infection rate curve of 2020 was “bimodal”, with two peaks in young women (≤24 years-old group) group and the 60-64 years-old (y) group, with the trough in the 45-49y group. Conclusions: There was no significant change in the overall HR-HPV infection rate of women in Beijing, and the genotype distribution of HR-HPV seldom changed except for the age-related infection rate during the last 5 years. These findings may provide baseline information for local administrations topromote targeted HPV screening and HPV vaccination.
The Utility of Surgical Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation in the Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias for all Etiologies: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Ireland, L Casey , R Weedle ,   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Ireland, D Eaton ,   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Ireland
Published: January 2023

Background: The antiadrenergic and antifibrillatory effects of cardiac sympathectomy in pathological states such as long QT syndrome are well established. The indications for the procedure have expanded since the videoassisted thoracoscopic approach was first used. However, the procedure is currently largely used in cases where medication has failed to prevent recurrence of symptomatic ventricular arrhythmia, or in cases of medication intolerance, and large randomised controlled trials are thus non-existent in the literature. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the available literature to examine the utility of cardiac denervation in the management of all ventricular arrhythmias. Methods: A total of 17 studies published between 2009 and 2019 were evaluated for bias using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. In addition the Harbour and Miller Grading System (2001) was used to assess the significance of the evidence in this review. Results: All studies demonstrated a protective effect of sympathectomy against ventricular arrhythmias in both primary and secondary prevention strategies. The following risk of bias was observed: low in 5 studies, moderate in 8 studies, and serious risk in 4 studies. The highest level of evidence observed was 2++ in 3 studies. Conclusion: Cardiac sympathetic denervation provides benefit for patients with ventricular arrhythmias, in cases of refractory disease or in patients who require a primary prevention strategy where first-line therapies are not tolerated.
Ocean and Human Health in the Blue Era, Indian Ocean and African Perspectives
Authors: Boswell Rosabelle
Published: January 2023

In this article, I discuss the fact that human-ocean relations are increasingly being scrutinized, as scholars seek to frame, understand and mitigate the impacts of climate change on Earth. I propose that for the southwest Indian Ocean that scholars follow Chimamanda Adichie’s directive to critique ‘single stories’ by considering locally produced, embodied, sensorial relations of indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) to the sea and coasts, as well as the role that such relations might play in shaping health. I add that such relations cultivate a ‘blue’ consciousness and a nascent ‘blue’ rights – borne of symbioses between humans and ocean. I add that these advance a holistic and integrated human and ocean health. The discussion makes the case for the re-placement of globalized paradigms of climate change and for the inclusion of locally generated narratives of human relations with the sea. I posit that a more careful analysis of coastal and oceanic (intangible cultural) heritages can reveal transmaterial, interspecies relations with the sea. Drawing on anthropological research in the Southwest Indian Ocean World (SWIOW) and then in coastal South Africa, I argue that such narratives can herald not only a notion of global blue rights, they can also herald, from the ‘periphery’, a blue era where there is deeper consideration of sustainable human relations with the sea.
MULTIFACETED INVESTIGATION OF PORPHYRY CU-AU-MO DEPOSIT IN HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION ZONES WITHIN THE GOLD FIELD OF ILESHA SCHIST BELT
Authors: Olomo K.O. , Bayode S. , Alagbe O.A. , Olayanju G.M. , Olaleye O.K.
Published: January 2023

This study was carried out to map the distribution of porphyry systems within Ilesha Schist belt Southwestern Nigeria for easy accessibility of commercial gold as well as copper and molybdenum deposits to boost exploitation activities within the area. Airborne magnetic and radiometric data of the area were utilized. The acquired total magnetic intensity map of the field was enhanced with reduction to equator, vertical derivative, analytic signal and spectral analysis. Enhanced total magnetic intensity map of the study area revealed magnetic anomalies related to concealed intrusive rock associated with Cu-Au-Mo deposit at depth ranges from 306 – 421 m. Vertical derivative map revealed shallow magnetic bodies in the southern and western parts, which are probable zones for Cu-Au-Mo deposit. Analytical signal map, with magnetic zones of high intensity value between 0.1 nT/M and 1.7 nT/M highlighted faulted basement blocks impregnated with porphyry the Cu-Au-Mo deposit. Airborne radiometry image shows radioelement distributions for different lithologies. High concentration of potassium signatures observed over some parts of the area revealed hydrothermal alteration zones favourable to concentration of Cu-Au-Mo deposits. Computed Th/k ratio and composite potassium maps enhanced the signature of potassium enrichment associated with hydrothermal alteration zones. Validation of airborne results using geochemical analyses confirms the presence of copper-gold-molybdenum elements within the mapped hydrothermal alteration zones. This research has identified other valuable ore deposit, such as copper and molybdenum, to enhance exploitation activities within the area.
GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL EVALUATION OF SUBSOILS IN IKATE AREA, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS ON FOUNDATION INTEGRITY AND CORROSIVITY
Authors: E. Faseki Oluyemi.
Published: January 2023

Geophysical and geotechnical methods remain one of the most effective approaches for the evaluation of subsoil properties prior to engineering construction. This is important in the delineation of soil sequence and estimation of soil parameters necessary for ensuring sufficient supports for structures. This study therefore presents the results of subsoil integrity and corrosivity probability evaluation using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Standard Penetration (SPT) in Ikate Area, Lagos, Nigeria. Data were acquired in eight (8) VES positions using Pasi terameter deploying the Schlumberger array system along four traverses while SPT-N values were obtained at every 1.5m within six (6) boreholes drilled to 30.0m depth in the study area. The combined results of VES and SPT delineate four to five geologic units corresponding to topsoil, different shades of clays, peat, sandy/clayey sand and sand. The low resistivity values of the clayey, peaty, and sandy layers especially along traverse four was used to rate them as highly or extremely susceptible to corrosion. The presence of highly compressible organic clay and peat in the second layer precludes the adoption of shallow foundation in the medium dense sandy layer that made up the topsoil (0.0 – 2.50m). Foundation analysis carried out with N-values shows that pile installed within the clayed sand/sand clay and sand layers encountered between 12.0 – 27.m with diameter range of 300 – 600mm could mobilize ultimate and allowable loads ranges of [702.9 – 5012.4KN] and [234.3 – 1670.8KN]. The correlations of resistivity with N-values returned high to weak positive linear relationships suggesting that resistivity values may not be effective in estimation of the strength and stiffness of subsoil. Conclusively, the study demonstrated the complimentary role of both VES and SPT as an effective geoengineering characterization tool.
GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION FOR POST-FOUNDATION ASSESSMENT WITHIN EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY, ADO EKITI, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Olubusola Ilugbo Stephen , Ayodele Ajayi Christopher , Yemagu Madukwe Henry , Babatunde A Adebo , Ojo Talabi Abel , Akinola Oyedele Akintunde , Felix OJO Olufemi , Christianah Ajisafe Yemisi , Ifeoluwa Talabi Joseph
Published: January 2023

This study has evaluated the post-construction subsoil integrity of a distressed building in Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, to decipher the in-situ lithology and structural disposition. Four traverses of 100 m length were established in approximately E-W direction with an inter-station spacing of 10 m. Two Geophysical methods were deployed including the ground magnetic method using Proton Precession Magnetometer and Electrical Resistivity method utilizing 2D Electrical Imaging and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) techniques. Twelve (20) VES station points were acquired within the investigated area using Schlumberger configuration which gave relevant information on layer stratification and geoelectric parameters. The obtained results from the VES showed four geo-electric layers comprises topsoil, clayey layer, weathered layer, fractured bedrock, and fresh basement. Low apparent resistivity was delineated from the 2D imaging exhibiting unfit materials at distance between 50 to 75 m and 80 to 100m. The magnetic results showed a series of bedrock ridges and depressions. The integration of results revealed that the majority of the study areas are unsuitable except for central parts which indicate appreciable competence and stability.