bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FENOMENA PENGGUNA ZAT ADIKTI INHALEN (LEM) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Saputri Nor Mita Ika , Amri Khairul , Pulungan Husniah Ramadhani , Daulay Ismail Rahmad , Siregar Ryan Wahyudi , Sari Indah , Tobing Renatha Lumban
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran fenomena pengguna zat adiktif inhalen (Lem) di Indonesia. Perilaku menghisap lem merupakan perilaku yang tergolong menyimpang karena penggunaan zat adiktif dan psikotropika penggunaannya dilarang. Fenomena menghisap lem pada remaja di Indonesia cukup marak ditemukan. Di antaranya, banyak remaja yang melakukan perilaku menyimpang tersebut karena terbawa oleh teman sebayanya. Lem merupakan bahan perekat khusus yang digunakan untuk menempelkan sebuah benda ke media tertentu dengan tujuan yang berbeda-beda tergantung medianya. Penyalahgunaan zat inhalansia dan solven biasanya dilakukan anak usia 9-14 tahun. Metode yang digunakan adalah review sistematik sesuai dengan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Pencarian berfokus pada artikel jurnal tentang Pengguna Zat Adiktif Inhalen (Lem) yang menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa Inggris yang dipublikasi pada tahun 2013 sampai dengan 2023. Hasil penelusuran awal literatur didapatkan jurnal artikel sebanyak 1.472. Setelah melalui inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 9 jurnal yang sesuai dengan kriteria penelitian untuk dilakukan review sistematik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian systematic review faktor yang mendorong anak remaja menggunakan lem yaitu pengaruh teman sebaya, lingkungan, keluarga, dan ketersediaan serta keterjangkauan lem aibon. Peran afektif keluarga dapat membentuk persepsi dan sikap anak dalam menyikapi penyalahgunaan zat adiktif inhalan (lem), dengan cara memberikan pendidikan keagamaan, komunikasi, pendampingan, serta informasi dan edukasi. Dampak pemakaian Lem antara lain pengguna melakukan kebut-kebutan saat mengendarai sepeda motor, bolos sekolah, menggunakan kata-kata kasar terhadap orang yang lebih tua, dan membuat keributan di lingkungan
PERAN GURU BK DALAM PENANGAN KASUS PERCERAIAN TERHADAP ANAK DI SEKOLAH SMP IT AL HIJRAH
Authors: Sinaga M. Harwansyah Putra , Syahfira Annisa , Anggraini Ayu , Putri Adinda Salsameywa
Published: February 2024

Dalam perceraian orang tua yang menjadi korban utama adalah anak-anak, banyak orang tua yang tidak menyadari apa resiko atau dampak yang akan di dapatkan anak dari perceraian orang tua tersebut. Perceraian tidak hanya berdampak pada mereka yang terlibat (pasangan) tetapi juga berdampak pada anak-anak terutama remaja, perceraian merupakan beban tersendiri bagi anak-anak SMP IT Al-Hijrah sehingga memiliki efek psikologis. Reaksi anak terhadap perceraian orang tuanya sangat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku orang tuanya sebelum, selama, dan setelah perceraian. Sampai saat ini, akibat dari perceraian orang tua ternyata dapat berdampak buruk bagi anak, baik secara fisik maupun emosional. Jadi, perceraian harus dipertimbangkan dengan sangat hati-hati, dan orang tua harus dapat membekali anaknya dengan pemahaman yang baik sehingga dapat mengurangi dan mengatasi dampak negatif terhadap anak ketika terjadi perceraian. Namun, tugas keluarga untuk memberikan pengertian dan perhatian kepada anak/remaja tidak berhasil dalam kasus perceraian. Untuk mengatasi penyalahgunaan dalam pekerjaan sosial ini, pekerja sosial harus mengupayakan yang terbaik untuk kepentingan anak. Pekerja sosial dapat melakukan proses pertolongan sesuai tingkatan pertolongan pekerjaan sosial, pekerja sosial memberikan konseling, dan pekerja sosial memberikan layanan konseling keluarga.
EFEKTIVITAS LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK TEKNIK MODELING UNTUK MENGATASI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA YANG RENDAH DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Rianto Ovi , Nurmala Meilla Dwi , Handoyo Alfiandy Warih
Published: February 2024

Motivasi memainkan peran penting. Siswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar tinggi akan aktif dalam proses belajar, rajin belajar, merasa senang, dan optimis dalam menyelesaikan tugas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa di SMP 13 Kota Serang. Hal ini bertujuan agar efektivitas layanan bimbingan kelompok dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang rendah dengan menggunakan teknik modeling. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif merupakan pendekatan penelitian yang objektif, melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis data dalam bentuk angka, serta memanfaatkan metode pengujian statistik. Hasil yang diperoleh peneliti menunjukkan adanya perubahan signifikan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP 13 Kota Serang yang awalnya memiliki motivasi belajar rendah setelah mendapat teknik pemodelan perlakuan stimulasi melalui roleplaying. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil perhitungan uji beda non parametrik menggunakan rumus Mann Whitney U yang menunjukkan nilai signifikansi. (2-tailed) 0,001 dengan tingkat signifikansi [α = 0,05]. Hasil perhitungan pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan bahwa Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05, menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis bahwa "Ada efek positif yang signifikan dari teknik pemodelan pada siswa yang mengalami motivasi belajar rendah" dapat diterima
EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING INDIVIDU TEKNIK EXPRESSIVE WRITING THERAPY DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF ACCEPTANCE SISWA KELAS VIII A MTS BUSTANUL ULUM PANTI
Authors: Jamaliyah Latifatul , Mutakin Fakhruddin , Karamoy Yurike Kinanthy
Published: February 2024

Self acceptance merupakan salah satu aspek yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh setiap siswa terutama dalam proses aktualisasi dirinya. Peneliti melakukan penelitian awal menggunakan metode angket di kelas VIII A MTs Bustanul Ulum Panti dan diperoleh data bahwa sekitar 15 siswa memiliki tingkat self acceptance tinggi, 9 siswa memiliki tingkat self acceptance sedang, dan 2 siswa memiliki tingkat self acceptance rendah yang selanjutnya 2 siswa ini menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Konseling Individu Teknik Expressive writing therapy Dalam Meningkatkan Self acceptance Siswa VIII A MTs Bustanul Ulum Panti. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest-posttest design. Prosedur yang digunakan yaitu pengukuran yang dilakukan dua kali pada pretest dan posttest menggunakan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai rata-rata pretest dari sampel penelitian yaitu 45.80. Sedangkan pada posttest nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh yaitu 80.00. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa self acceptance siswa dapat meningkat dengan memberikan konseling individu teknik expressive writing therapy.
UPAYA GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA DI SMA NEGERI I SIABU
Authors: Asmaryadi Asmaryadi , Matondang Anas Munandar , Sukatno Sukatno , Harahap Ahmad Fauzi
Published: February 2024

Bimbingan dan konseling adalah pelayanan bantuan untuk peserta didik, baik secara perorangan maupun kelompok, agar mampu mandiri dan berkembang secara optimal, dalam bidang pengembangan kehidupan pribadi, kehidupan sosial, kemampuan belajar, dan perencanaan karier, melalui berbagai jenis layanan dan kegiatan pendukung berdasarkan norma-norma yang berlaku. (Fenti:2012)Dari penjelasan di atas, maka penulis ingin meneliti bagaimana Upaya Guru Bimbingan Konseling Dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Siswa Di SMA Negeri I Siabu. Penulis ingin melihat bagaimana proses maupun langkah-langkah yang dilakukan oleh guru BK dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan sekolah peserta didik di SMA Negeri I Siabu.
EFEKTIVITAS LAAYANAN KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK ASSERTIVE TRAINING DALAM MENANGANI KONSEP DIRI NEGATIF PADA SISWA SMK SWASTA HARAPAN POKENJIOR
Authors: Hutabarat Mirna Sari , Saputri Nor Mita Ika , Asmaryadi Asmaryadi
Published: February 2024

Layanan Konseling Kelompok Dengan Teknik Assertive Training Dalam Menangani Konsep Diri Negatif Pada Siswa SMK Swasta Harapan Pokenjior.Masalah pokok dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang rendahnya konsep diri Siswa SMK Swasta Harapan Pokenjior. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh konseling kelompok dengan teknik Assertive Training untuk menangani konsep diri Siswa.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Jenis desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pre-eksperimental design, tipe one group pretest-posttest design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah skala konsep diri. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 Siswa SMK Swasta Harapan Pokenjior sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Remaja yang memiliki konsep diri yang sedang dan rendah sebanyak 10 Siswa yang diperoleh melalui teknik purposive sampling. dan teknik analisis yang digunakan uji-t dan n-gain.Dari hasil analisis data yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan : pertama terjadi perbedaan skor konsep diri setelah diberi konseling kelompok dengan nilai terjadinya peningkatan skor pre-test ke skor post-test, pada skor pre-test jumlah skor Siswa adalah 1394 dengan rata-rata 139,4. Sedangkan skor pada skor post-test terjadi peningkatan skor menjadi 1488 dengan rata-rata 148,8,setelah diberikan tratment melalui konseling kelompok teknik Assertive Training. Artinya , hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima dan (H0) ditolak pada taraf signifikan 5% dengan db atau df 9. Ini berarti bahwa pengaruh konseling kelompok dengan teknik Assertive training berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan Konsep diri Siswa SMK Swasta Harapan Pokenjior.
HUBUNGAN SIKAP ORANG TUA DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK DI SMPN 01 SUNGAI AUR KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Yati Hidayati , Amri Khairul , Arrasyd Harun
Published: February 2024

Adapun Rumusan Masalah Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah “1. Bagaimana Sikap Orang Tua Anak Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat?, 2. Bagaimana Kemandirian Anak Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat?, 3. Bagaimana Hubungan Sikap Orang Tua Dengan Kemandirian Anak Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat?. Tujuan Penelitian Ini Adalah 1. Untuk Mengetahui Sikap Otang Tua Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, 2. Untuk Mengetahui Kemandirian Anak Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, 3. Untuk Mengetahui Hubungan Sikap Orang Tua Terhadap Kemandirian Anak Di Smpn 01 Sungai Aur Kabupaten Pasaman Barat.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, merupakan upaya menjelaskan dan mencari gambaran tentang kedua variabel. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan yang penulis lakukan melaui rumus Korelasi Product Moment diperoleh dengan nilai N = 25 taraf kesalahan 5 % = 0,339. Jika 0,6302 lebih besar dari 0,339 – 0,505. Sesuai dengan ketentuan jika  lebih besar (>) dari pada  dengan kata lain (0,6302 > 0,339) maka hipotesis alternatif Ha dapat diterima.
Fenomena Pernikahan Beda Etnis Di Kecamatan Angkola Timur Desa Pargarutan julu
Authors: Harahap Adelilis Karnila
Published: February 2024

Dari hasil penelitian serta pembahasan dari skripsi yana berjudul “ Fenomena Pernikahan Beda Etnis di Kecamatan Angkola Timur di Desa Pargarutan Julu” maka peneliti mengambil kesimpulan adalah pernikahan yang beda etnis pernah mengalami masalah pada saat melaksanakan pernikahan yang dilakukan waktu pernikahan dan mengakibatkan konflik antara dua keluarga karna adat mereka berbeda dari leluarga pihak laki-laki maupun perempuan maunya adat mereka masing-masing dan terjadi konflik diantara antara keluarga pihak laki-laki,karna bouk nya tidak setuju adat yang dilakukan di pernikahan dengan adat jawa sehingga sampai sekarang bouk nya tidak suka melihat orang tuanya karna keinginannya tidak setujui.Dan sering terjadi kesalahpahaman diantara keduanya dari segi nada bicara dan masakan yang berbeda.
PERAN PASTOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESIAPAN MENTAL MENUJU JENJANG PERNIKAHAN DI GEREJA HKBP DAME PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Hutagalung Risky Reynaldo
Published: February 2024

Penelitian dilakukan kerena memang begitu perlu melakukan konseling pranikah sebelum memasuki dunia pernikahan untuk menguatkan mental tiap tiap pasangan yang ingin menikah nantinya, dengan demikian perlunya melakukan kesiapan mental yang kuat untuk menghindari tingkat perceraian, penelantaran anak, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, sehingga dengan melakukan konseling pranikah bersama dengan pastor sebelum memasuki dunia pernikahan sangat dibutuhkan dan perlu dilakukan. Dan penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran pastor yang sesungguhnya dan bagaiaman dinamaika kehidupan pasangan yang ingin menikah nantinya. Penelitian ini dikategorikan ke dalam penelitian kualitatif Deskriftif. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder, responden dan informan dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Untuk pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan tehnik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Untuk keabsahan data menggunakan tiangulasi yaitu: triangulasi peneliti, triangulasi teori, triangulasi metode, triangulasi data. Temuan penelitian ini menujukan bahwa Peran pastor dalam meningkatkan kesiapan mental menuju jenjang pernikahan di gereja HKBP Dame Padangsidimpuan: kerjasama antar pasangan yang ingin menikah, saling terbuka satu sama lain, dan orientasi keagamaan serta perluya melakukan konseling pranikah sebelum memasuki pernikahan.
GAMBARAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 10 SEMARANG
Authors: Qomaruddin Muhammad , Suhendri Suhendri , Dina Farah
Published: February 2024

Masih ditemukan nya masalah prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik menjadi latar belakang dari penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran prokrastinasi akademik pada peserta didik kelas XI SMA N 10 Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode studi deskriptif. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 186 peserta didik kelas XI dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa prokrastinasi akademik peserta didik di SMA N 10 Semarang Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024 rata-rata berada diposisi kategori sedang dengan 46,20%, dan ada  peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat prokrastinasi akademik yang tinggi 24,20% dan rendah 29,60%.
PERAN LAYANAN INFORMASI DALAM MENCEGAH PERILAKU MENGHISAP LEM Di KELURAHAN PANCURAN BAMBU KOTA SIBOLGA
Authors: Pardede Nurhasanah , Dela Vitria Larseman , Asmaryadi Asmaryadi
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini berdasarkan peran layanan informasi dalam mencegah perilaku menghisap lem di Kelurahan pancuran Bambu. Adapun focus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran layanan informasi dalam mencegah perilaku menghisap lem di keluran bambu. Adapun jenis penelitian adalah Kualitatif, menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data triangulasi (wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi). Responden berjumlah 20 remaja, informan Lurah, Kepling kelurahan pancuran bambu. Hasil Penelitian yang telah di lakukan para respon remaja menyatakan bahwa peran layanan informasi bermanfaat bagi remaja semakin menambah pengetahuan berkaitan dengan dampak negative dari perilaku menghisap lem, sehingga dengan adanya peran layanan informasi dapat mencegah perilaku menghisap lem di kelurahan pancuran Bambu
FENOMENA JUVENILE DELINGUENCY KAITANNYA DENGAN KONSELING ISLAM DI DESA PURBATUA PIJOR KOLING KECAMATAN PADANGSIDIMPUAN TENGGARA KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Arrasyd Harun , Rambe Malim Soleh , Sukatno Sukatno
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini didasarkan Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency kaitannya dengan Konseling Islam di Desa Purbatua Pijor Koling Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Tenggara Kota Padangsidimpuan, rumusan dalam penelitian ini bagaimana Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency kaitannya dengan Konseling Islam di Desa Purbatua Pijor Koling Kecamatan Padangsidimpuan Tenggara Kota Padangsidimpuan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara triangulasi (gabungan) yaitu melakukan observasi (pengamatan), interview (wawancara), studi dokumentasi dan gabungan dari ketiganya. Responden penelitian ini adalah remaja di desa Purbatua Pijor Koling,  dan informannya adalah kepala desa, orang tua dan satu orang dari naposo nauli ulung (NNB). Adapun hasil dari penelitian Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency yang terjadi merokok, menghisap lem, melakukan perjudian online, menonton flim porno, main hp, keluyuran, pacaran tetapi yang paling sering terjadi membahayakan diri sendiri dan orang lain adalah merokok, menghisap lem dan melakukan pencurian. Faktor yang mendorong terjadinya Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency adalah pengaruh teman, tidak dikontrol orang tua, dan tidak diawasi masyarakat. Dampak negatif Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency Kecanduan, ekonominya makin susah, putus sekolah stres dan gelisah. Konseling Islam sebagai pencegah dan mengatasi Fenomena Juvenile Delinguency, dengan orang tua mengontrol ibadah sholat remaja, rajin mengikuti pengajian, membiasakan diri dengan kebiasaan yang positif dan mengikuti kegiatan rumah konseling kalau ada masalah yang dihadapi.
PENGARUH LAYANAN KONTEN DENGAN TEKNIK BRAINSTORMING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA
Authors: Nasution Nani Baroroh , Pasaribu Robby Ade Syahputra
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan konten teknik brainstorming untuk meningkatkan berpikir keatif di SMP N 8 Tebing Tinggi, T.A 2022/ 2023. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 12 orang siswa kelas VIII SMP N 8 Tebing Tinggi. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu pre eksperimen Dengan desain penelitian yaitu desain One-Group Pre-test Post-test Design. proses layanan penguasaan konten menggunakan teknik brainstorming, siswa mampu berpartisipasi aktif mengidentifikasi setiap permasalahan/ pertanyaan, dengan cara menyampaikan ide, mencetus dan mengembangkan ide ide gagasan yang dimilikinya kemudian mengevaluasi hasilnya, hal ini ditandai dengan klien yang saling menambahi pendapat dari setiap klien. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut berhasil dikarenakan sebelumnya nilai rata-rata berpikir kreatif siswa sebesar 83,16 dan setelah diberikan layanan meningkat drastis menjadi 106,75. Berdasarkan hasil uji Wilcoxon, diperoleh J hitung 38, dengan a 0,05 dan n 12 sehingga nilai J tabel 14. Dari tabel tersebut terlihat bahwa J hitung J tabel dimana 38 14. Data pre-test atau sebelum dilakukan layanan penguasaan dengan teknik brainstorming didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 83,16 sementara data post-test atau setelah dilakukan layanan penguasaan konten teknik brainstorming nilai rata-rata sebesar 106,75. Selisih dari nilai rata-rata pre-test dan post-test sebesar 23,58. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa layanan penguasaan konten teknik brainstorming efektif dalam meningkatkan berpikir kreatif siswaSMP Negeri 8 Tebing Tinggi.
Poor Quality of Sleep among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Kafle Bikram , Tiwari Suraj , Pokhrel Arpana , Shrestha Rajesh , Bagale Yashoda , Pahari Nabin
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Health personnel work under highly stressful conditions with long work hours, frequent night work, and shift duties resulting in sleep problems. Sleep problems lead to a decline in performance, cognition, memory, decision-making, medical errors and mental disorders. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of poor quality of sleep among healthcare workers in a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among healthcare workers (doctors, nurses, paramedics) of a tertiary care centre after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Data was collected from 1 October to 1 December 2023. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 127 healthcare workers, the prevalence of poor quality of sleep was seen in 61 (48.03%) (39.34-56.72, 95% Confidence Interval). A total of 31 (50.82%) were female and 30 (49.18%) were male.
Conclusions: The prevalence of poor sleep quality was found to be higher than that of other studies done in similar settings. There is a need to enhance institutional support like incorporating flexible work schedules, and regular wellness programs to alleviate poor sleep quality among healthcare workers.
Mean Amplitude of Diurnal Variation of Sub-Foveal Choroidal Thickness among Adults with Healthy Eyes Visiting Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Eye Care Centre
Authors: Kaiti Raju , Bajgai Priya , Shyangbo Ranjila
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The choroid, particularly the choroidal vasculature, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various ocular diseases. Diurnal variation in the thickness of the choroid has been reported in previous studies. This study aimed to find the mean amplitude of diurnal variation of sub-foveal choroidal thickness among adults with healthy eyes visiting the outpatient Department of a tertiary eye care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with healthy eyes presenting to the outpatient Department of a tertiary eye care centre from 1 February 2023 to 3 June 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. After a comprehensive medical eye examination, sub-foveal choroidal thickness measurement was performed using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography at the baseline and subsequent interval afterwards. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 60 eyes, the mean amplitude of the diurnal variation of subfoveal choroidal thickness was 35.16±14.08 microns (31.59-38.72, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean amplitude for the right eye was 36.30±14.08 microns, and for the left eye, it was 34.23±14.08 microns
Conclusions: The amplitude of diurnal variation of subfoveal choroidal thickness from this study was found to be similar to other studies done in international settings.
Sepsis among Adults Admitted to Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Shrestha Kundu , Vaidya Sagun Ram , Shrestha Keny , Shrestha Surendra Man , Rawal Prabhat , Dangol Shova
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Sepsis a syndrome that starts with an infection, causes organ dysfunction, and leads to death is a global health issue in critically ill patients. While its epidemiology is well-known in high-income countries, it is poorly understood in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of sepsis among adults admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adults admitted to the intensive care unit after obtaining ethical approval from the Ethical Review Board. Data was collected from 11 January 2022 and 29 December 2022 from hospital records. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 195 patients, the prevalence of sepsis was seen in 74 (37.95%) (31.14-44.76, 95% Confidence Interval). Septic patients had a median age of 44 (interquartile range: 33.75–60.25) years. A total of 40 (54.05%) were male. A total of 28 (37.84%) septic patients were identified with ≥2 diagnoses, while 9 (12.16%) had ≥2 comorbidities.
Conclusions: The prevalence of sepsis among adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit was higher as compared to other studies done in other international studies.
Spigelian Hernia: A Case report
Authors: Shrestha Prinsa , K C Gaurab , Acharya Bidur , Shah Shiv Raj , Regmee Sujan
Published: February 2024

A Spigelian hernia is a hernia through the Spigelian fascia which are difficult to diagnose as they do not present with a subcutaneous swelling and can be dangerous as there is a high risk of incarceration. We report a case of a 51-year-old female who presented to our surgical unit with epigastric pain for 5 days. She was diagnosed with Spigelian hernia with esophagitis and antral gastritis with the help of a computed tomography scan and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The diagnosis was confirmed on diagnostic laparoscopy and transabdominal preperitoneal repair of the defect was performed using prolene mesh. Her post-operative period was uneventful. Spigelian hernias are rare and patients can present with atypical symptoms as in this case. Thus, imaging plays a vital role in diagnosis. Management is surgical and has good outcomes.
Penanganan Perdagangan Narkoba di Indonesia oleh UNODC Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Rolando Eric , Hapsari Renitha Dwi
Published: February 2024

The high population in Indonesia makes it a potential market for transnational criminal groups to use Indonesia as a transit and distribution hub for drug trafficking. Given the current issues, UNODC, as an international organization specializing in addressing transnational crimes, assists Indonesia in dealing with the issue of drug trafficking. This research aims to understand the role of UNODC in tackling the problem of drug trafficking in Indonesia. The study employed a descriptive research design, and research data is obtained through library research by searching for data sources through available literature. This research is based on the theory of international organization roles according to Kelly Kate Pease, which explains that international organizations have several roles, including being problem solvers and capacity builders. The research findings show that UNODC plays a role in addressing the issue of drug trafficking in Indonesia through its role as a problem solver by formulating the Indonesia country program and alternative development programs. Meanwhile, through its role as a capacity builder, UNODC enhances the capacity of government officials, staff, and the community by treatnet family programme.

 
 
Jumlah penduduk yang tinggi di Indonesia menjadikannya pasar potensial bagi kelompok kejahatan lintas negara untuk menggunakan Indonesia sebagai pusat transit dan distribusi perdagangan narkoba. Mengingat masalah saat ini, UNODC, sebagai organisasi internasional yang mengkhususkan diri dalam mengatasi kejahatan lintas negara, membantu Indonesia dalam menghadapi masalah perdagangan narkoba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peran UNODC dalam mengatasi masalah perdagangan narkoba di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif, dan data penelitian diperoleh melalui penelitian perpustakaan dengan mencari sumber data melalui literatur yang tersedia. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori peran organisasi internasional menurut Kelly Kate Pease, yang menjelaskan bahwa organisasi internasional memiliki beberapa peran, termasuk sebagai penyelesaian masalah (problem solver) dan pembangun kapasitas (capacity builder). Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UNODC berperan dalam mengatasi masalah perdagangan narkoba di Indonesia melalui peran sebagai penyelesaian masalah dengan merumuskan program negara Indonesia dan program pengembangan alternatif. Sementara itu, melalui perannya sebagai pembangun kapasitas, UNODC meningkatkan kapasitas pejabat pemerintah, staf, dan masyarakat melalui program keluarga treatnet.
Kekuatan Normatif Diplomasi Lingkungan Uni Eropa Dalam Conference of the Parties (COP) 26
Authors: Gultom Yosua Saut Marulitua , Manurung Steven Montesquieu , Hutauruk Muhammad David Ferdian , Wijaya Muhammad Farid Gibran , Augustin Aliffa
Published: February 2024

In 1992, the United Nations convened the world's largest and most important climate- related conference, the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During the event, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted. Through the UNFCCC, countries agree to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to prevent harmful interference from human activities in the climate system. The treaty now has 197 signatures. Since 1994, the United Nations has brought together almost every country in the world to attend the World Climate Summit (Conference of the Parties (COP)) which is usually held every year. This scientific article raises the commitment of the European Union (EU) in implementing COP 26 through environmental diplomacy analysis. This scientific article aims to identify and analyze the European Union's commitment to cooperation in COP 26 in dealing with all environmental problems. Scientific articles use qualitative research methods based on literature studies. The result of this scientific article is that the European Union conducts environmental diplomacy through COP 26 by carrying out the discussions in COP 26. The conclusion of this scientific article is that COP 26 has several objectives that must be carried out by the countries involved, including the EU.

 
 
Pada tahun 1992, PBB menyelenggarakan konferensi terkait iklim terbesar dan terpenting di dunia ialah KTT Bumi di Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Selama acara tersebut, Konvensi Kerangka Kerja PBB tentang Perubahan Iklim (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)) diadopsi. Melalui UNFCCC, negara-negara sepakat untuk menstabilkan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca di atmosfer untuk mencegah gangguan berbahaya dari aktivitas manusia di dalam sistem iklim. Perjanjian itu sekarang memiliki 197 tanda tangan. Sejak tahun 1994, PBB mempertemukan hampir setiap negara di dunia untuk menghadiri KTT Iklim Dunia (Conference of the Parties (COP)) yang biasa dilakukan di setiap tahunnya. Artikel ilmiah ini mengangkat komitmen Uni Eropa (UE) dalam melaksanakan COP 26 melalui analisis diplomasi lingkungan. Artikel ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis komitmen kerjasama Uni Eropa di dalam COP 26 di dalam penanganan perubahan iklim. Artikel ilmiah memakai metode penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan studi literatur. Hasil dari artikel ilmiah ini ialah Uni Eropa mengadakan diplomasi lingkungan melalui COP 26 dengan menjalankan bahasan-bahasan di dalam COP 26. Kesimpulan dari artikel ilmiah ini ialah COP 26 memiliki beberapa tujuan yang harus dilaksanakan oleh negara-negara yang terlibat, termasuk UE.
Eksternalisasi Konflik Internal Yaman Dalam Kerangka Analisis Internationalization of Conflict Theory
Authors: Heriamsal Krisman , Manurung Felix Broson , Rahmat Rhin Khairina
Published: February 2024

This research discusses the Yemen conflict that was originally internal and then transformed into an international conflict due to the externalization process. The author sees that the increasingly complex development of the Yemen conflict was affected by the intervention of external actors in the conflict. This research aims to find out how Yemen's internal conflict transformed into an international conflict using the analytical framework of the Internationalization of Conflict Theory. Therefore, in examining the externalization of Yemen's internal conflict, the author uses the concept of escalation, with qualitative research methods. The research results show that the externalization of Yemen's internal conflict is demonstrated through the involvement of external actors such as Saudi Arabia and its coalition, the United States, Britain, France, Iran, and ISIS. In this case, the escalation of the Yemen conflict occurred because of the geographical proximity between Yemen and several countries such as Saudi Arabia, the similarity of identity or ideology between internal parties and external parties who intervened in the Yemen conflict, as well as the opportunities and interests of foreign parties in the Yemen conflict.

 

 

Penelitian ini membahas tentang konflik Yaman yang semula bersifat internal kemudian mengalami transformasi menjadi konflik internasional karena adanya proses eksternalisasi. Penulis melihat perkembangan konflik Yaman yang semakin kompleks sangat dipengaruhi oleh intervensi pihak asing dalam konflik tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana konflik internal Yaman bertransformasi menjadi konflik internasional dengan menggunakan kerangka analisis Internationalization of conflict theory. Oleh karena itu, dalam menelaah eksternalisasi konflik internal Yaman, penulis menggunakan konsep eskalasi, dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Eksternalisasi konflik internal Yaman ditunjukkan melalui keterlibatan aktor eksternal seperti, Arab Saudi dan koalisinya, Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Prancis, Iran, dan ISIS. Dalam hal ini, Eskalasi konflik Yaman terjadi karena adanya kedekatan secara geografis antara Yaman dengan sejumlah negara seperti Arab Saudi, adanya kesamaan identitas maupun ideologi antara pihak internal dengan pihak eksternal yang mengintervensi konflik Yaman, serta adanya peluang dan kepentingan pihak asing dalam konflik Yaman.
The Role of Non-State Actors in Establishing the Halal Ecosystem in Indonesia
Authors: Nursita Rizki Dian , Adelia Devi , Septiani Retno , Widyaputri Primadiani Difida
Published: February 2024

Amidst the global growth of the Muslim population, the need for products or services that comply with sharia law has become unavoidable. As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia has declared itself to become a major player in the global halal industry. This can be seen from the changes made by Indonesia in the last decade, both in policy and governance aspects to form an effective halal sector ecosystem as planned in the Indonesia Islamic Economic Masterplan 2019-2024. However, amid several policies implemented by the government, the role of non-state actors, including but not limited to large industries, business groups and MSMEs, community organizations or NGOs, and product influencers, increases and mainstreaming the halal industry in Indonesia cannot be ruled out. Based on a study of several literature related to the halal industry in Indonesia, researchers see that most of the research on the halal industry in Indonesia focuses on discussing strategy and the government as well as opportunities and challenges for Indonesia in developing the halal industry. Therefore, the study aims to discuss the role of non-state actors in forming the halal industrial ecosystem in Indonesia.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF CELEBRITY ENDOSER AND SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON BRAND AWARENESS IN E-COMMERCE CUSTOMERS
Authors: Zulkarnaen Wandy , Fitriani Iis Dewi
Published: February 2024

With the Covid-19 pandemic, technological disruption is increasingly rapid and increasing, causing people to carry out activities from home. This makes companies increase new creations and innovations to survive the competition, so companies use celebrity endorsers as promotional media and increase social media marketing to build brand awareness. This research is quantitative research using a non-probability sampling method with a sample size of 100 respondents obtained through distributing Google forms. The measurement scale carried out by researchers used the Bipolar Adjective scale using multiple linear regression techniques which were processed using SPSS 26. The results of this research are that celebrity endorsers and social media marketing have a positive influence with correlation coefficient values of 0.460 and 0.118 on brand awareness. The significance value of celebrity endorsers is 0.000 and the significance value of social media marketing is 0.044, which means less than 0.005, indicating that the influence of celebrity endorsers and social media marketing on brand awareness is acceptable or significant.
Blockchain applications for Internet of Things (IoT): A review
Authors: Laghari Asif Ali , Li Hang , Shoulin Yin , Karim Shahid , Khan Abdullah Ayub , Ibrar Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, Blockchain is very popular among industries to solve security issues of information systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) has security issues during multi-organization communication, and any organization approves no such robust framework. The combination of blockchain technology with IoT makes it more secure and solves the problem of multi-organization communication issues. There are many blockchain applications developed for the security of IoT, but these are only suitable for some types of IoT infrastructure. This paper introduces the architecture and case studies of blockchain applications. The application scenarios of the Blockchain combined with the Internet of Things, and finally discussed four common issues of the combination of the Blockchain and the Internet of Things.
Qualitative feedback from caregivers in a multidisciplinary pediatric neuromuscular clinic
Authors: Hess Skylar M. , Adu-Amankwah Dorothy , Elaiho Cordelia R. , Butler Liam R. , Ranade Sheena C. , Shah Brijen J. , Shadman Kristin , Fields Robert , Lin Elaine P.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE: This study explored family satisfaction and perceived quality of care in a pediatric neuromuscular care clinic to assess the value of the multidisciplinary clinic (MDC) model in delivering coordinated care to children with neuromuscular disorders, such as cerebral palsy. METHODS: Caregivers of 22 patients were administered a qualitative survey assessing their perceptions of clinic efficiency, care coordination, and communication. Surveys were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was completed using both deductive and inductive methods. RESULTS: All caregivers reported that providers adequately communicated next steps in the patient’s care, and most reported high confidence in caring for the patient as a result of the clinic. Four major themes were identified from thematic analysis: Care Delivery, Communication, Care Quality, and Family-Centeredness. Caregivers emphasized that the MDC model promoted access to care, enhanced efficiency, promoted provider teamwork, and encouraged shared care planning. Caregivers also valued a physical environment that was suitable for patients with complex needs. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that caregivers believed the MDC model was both efficient and convenient for pediatric patients with neuromuscular disorders. This model has the potential to streamline medical care and can be applied more broadly to improve care coordination for children with medical complexity.
HUMAN RIGHTS CONTENT OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Bocharova Natalia V.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the fundamental foundations of the European approach to the regulation of digital transformation and the creation of an ideological and theoretical basis for the legal support of digitalization of society in the European Union. The concept of digital humanism, which is gaining more and more popularity, is analyzed and determines the content and direction of the EU policy on creating conditions for the digital transition. It states that digital humanism is a new field that examines the ethical, social, emotional, and political implications of digital technologies for human life. The conceptual design of the human rights approach to the regulation of digitalization in the EU is connected with the adoption of a number of documents, the analysis of which made it possible to determine the specifics of the approach to the regulation of the digital transition in the EU. It claims to be based on the desire to put people at the center of digital transformation, includes references to digital sovereignty, respect for fundamental rights, rule of law and democracy, inclusiveness, accessibility, equality, sustainability, sustainability, security, improved quality of life, accessibility of services, and respect for the rights and aspirations of everyone. It was emphasized that the European regulatory model of digital transformation, focused on a human rights approach, is supported by the world community and is being implemented on a global scale. This is due to the so-called Brussels effect, which consists in the spread of EU internal regulatory rules at the global level.
CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE CONTEXT OF TODAY'S CHALLENGES
Authors:   V.M. Koretsky Institute of State and Law of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Batanova Nataliia M.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the actual problems of constitutional and legal responsibility of political parties in the context of today's challenges. The author analyzes the normative grounds for applying such constitutional and legal sanctions as a ban on the formation and activities of a political party or cancellation of a political party's registration in case of unlawful acts. A retrospective analysis of the practice of banning political parties and canceling their registration in Ukraine generally indicates a positive trend in the development of national legislation on political parties and their responsibility in recent years. During this period, the grounds for banning political parties were significantly expanded and specified, and the mechanism for their realization was improved in accordance with the concept of “democracy that can defend itself”. The challenges of the Russian-Ukrainian war have objectively demonstrated and convincingly proved that the activities of any political parties that encroach on the territorial integrity, security and constitutional order of Ukraine, support the aggressor state can and should be banned in court. At the same time, the national judicial practice confirmed the relevant European experience and showed that the decision to apply such a constitutional and legal sanction as a ban on a political party must be appropriately justified, based on a proper evidence base, not taken in a hurry, and comply with international standards to prevent further appeals against the state's actions to the European Court of Human Rights, etc.
ADVOCACY AS A FORM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE LEGAL GUARANTEES ON LEGAL AID IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Lviv University of Trade and Ecоnomics, Olashyn Maryna M.
Published: February 2024

The Constitution of Ukraine guarantees everyone the right to legal assistance, including free assistance (Article 59). This right follows from the content of the Basic Law and is a component of the legal status of a person. A legal democratic state is primarily characterized by an appropriate level of protection of the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen, which are under its protection. Today, there are no such actions in society that would not be regulated by legal norms, so it is often difficult for people who do not have legal knowledge to properly use their rights, and in case of their violation, to protect them in a legal way. The rule of law must ensure the provision of the necessary legal assistance in the necessary amount. That is why it is important to consider advocacy as one of the institutions providing such assistance in the justice system. In accordance with its constitutional nature and socio-legal content, the institution of legal assistance of the bar is in a relationship with the institution of judicial power. The constitutional right to legal aid (Article 59 of the Constitution of Ukraine) is considered one of the main constitutional guarantees of the right to access to justice, which in turn is part of the right to judicial protection (Article 55 of the Constitution of Ukraine). The effectiveness of the latter largely depends on the level of legal assistance provided by lawyers. The lawyer, as well as the court, is entrusted with the constitutional duty to protect the rights, freedoms and interests of human and citizen citizens. Only when a relationship of mutual respect, mutual understanding of their roles and independence from each other is established between the court and the lawyers, it is possible to talk about establishing the truth in the administration of justice.
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF LEGAL WORK IN PUBLIC AUTHORITIES: THE EXAMPLE OF THE TAX AUTHORITY
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Anokhin Vadym O.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the areas of legal work in public authorities on the example of the State Tax Service. The article proposes to divide legal work into two main components: work related to support of court cases and work not related to court work. The author notes that the concepts of "function" and "area of work" are similar in content, but "area of work" is a narrower concept and is part of the function which is broader in content. As a result of the analysis of the areas of legal work, it is established that such areas are directly based on certain priority principles, which are also proposed for consideration. Research by practitioners and scholars suggests that the area of legal work related to compliance with the law actually gives legal departments a control and supervisory function over other structural units of public authorities, since compliance with the law is the key to reducing complaints and lawsuits. As a result of the analysis of the developments of national scholars, it is found that the information resource is influential for legal work, its directions and prompt adoption of lawful and reasonable decisions, and the process of transition from paper to electronic document flow only contributes to the improvement of the organization of work of a public authority. The proposed work, in the context of the areas of legal work, contains definitions and understanding of such terms as: lawmaking activity; law enforcement activity; law application activity; control and supervision activity; constituent activity; preventive activity. The analysis of the activities of legal departments in public authorities leads to the conclusion that the areas of work under consideration relate not only to legal departments, but also to other structural units of a public authority.
INFLUENCE ON WRITING OF UNUSUAL CONDITION OF PERSON CAUSED BY MENTAL DISORDERS
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Nikolaychuk Tatiana V. , Bila Alona V. ,   Alfred Nobel University
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of writing disorders and the diagnosis of the unusual state of the writer caused by mental disorders. The authors found that modern forensic sources pay little attention to this aspect of the problem being highlighted. However, the scientific approach to its solution largely depends on a comprehensive analysis of mental disorders, which should be established by the methodology of forensic handwriting. It was determined that writing is a complex mental activity of a person, which includes both cognitive, speech, motor, and emotional processes. Differentiating the states of the executor of the manuscript by handwriting is a difficult task, especially in connection with some similarity of the reflection in the manuscripts directly of the reasons that change the skill of writing, for example, such as alcohol intoxication, a state of great excitement, stress, etc. It was stated that the objects of handwriting expertise are handwritten texts, short notes, signatures, and even digital markings. Depending on the specific circumstances of the case under consideration by the forensic handwriting examination, the fact of the writing of the text by a specific person can be established or refuted, the methods of execution of certain manuscripts, the state of a particular person at the time of execution of the manuscript are established. The range of tasks of forensic expertise regarding the writing of persons who are in a psychopathological state are similar, but largely different, to the medical diagnostic tasks of establishing mental disorders of a person listed in the international classification of diseases. It is indicated that it is appropriate to refer to the information of psychiatry in order to understand the general characteristics of the psychopathological state of a person, to form a clear idea about its varieties and their characteristic signs - symptoms and syndromes. The article examines the development and current state of research on writing disorders in mental disorders, reveals the psychophysiological foundations of the writing mechanism and its psychological features. Examples of expert research practice and experimental-psychological research of writing disorders in patients with various mental disorders are also given.