bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Adherence to Treatment of Diseases Acquired by Asymmetries Between Job Demands and Self-Control
Authors:   Professor Research, UNAM, ENTS, Guillén Javier Carreón , Valdés Jorge Hernández ,   Professor Research, UNAM, ENTS, Sanchez Arturo sanchez ,   Professor Research, UATx, Balderas Wilfrido Isidro Aldana ,   Professor Research, UAEMEX, UAPH, Lirios Cruz García ,   Professor Research, UAEMEX, UAPH
Published: January 2021

Background: Psychological studies of adherence to treatment have established; 1) indicators models -frequency of medical consultation, prevalence of medication intake over any other treatment, attendance at therapeutic and rehabilitation sessions-; 2) determining models -sex, age, income, level of instruction, reading comprehension, interpersonal relationships-; 3) mediating models-beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, intentions, and strategies. Objective: Specify a model of the organizational and subjective determinants of adherence to treatment in cases of injured or sick workers due to their work activity, climate of relationships and task climate. Method: Documentary study with a selection of indexed sources in repositories of Latin America -Dialnet, Latindex, Publindex, Redalyc and Scieloconsidering the variables reported in the state of the art. Results: The specification of the model included four explanatory hypotheses of the trajectories of dependency relationships among the six variables - demands, social support, control, effort, reward and adhesion - taken from the literature review. Discussion: In relation to the models of indicators, the determinant models and the models of mediation, it is recommended to include the variables of work culture, quality of life and subjective well-being in the specified model to study the process that goes from the labor culture and it would culminate with the reinsertion of accident and disease cases. Conclusion: The new specification of the model would include explanatory hypotheses of the trajectories of correlations between the variables used in the present work with the purpose of establishing differences between the organizations that provide social security with respect to the companies managed from labor flexibility, as well as their effects on the occupational health of its workers
Bilateral Tortuous Upper Limb Arterial Tree and Their Clinical Significance
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Bhingardeo Alka
Published: January 2021

The detailed knowledge about the possible anatomical variations of upper limb arteries is vital for the reparative surgery of the region. Brachial artery is the main artery of upper limb; it is a continuation of axillary artery from the lower border of teres major muscle. During routine cadaveric dissection, we found bilateral tortuous brachial artery which was superficial as well as tortuous throughout its course. It is called superficial as it was superficial to the median nerve. At the neck of radius, it was divided into two terminal branches radial and ulnar arteries which were also tortuous. Tortuosity of the radial artery was more near the flexor retinaculum. When observed, the continuation of ulnar artery as superficial palmar arch also showed tortuosity throughout, including its branches. Being superficial such brachial artery can be more prone to trauma. Tortuous radial artery is one of the causes of access failure in trans-radial approach of coronary interventions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case where entire post axillary upper limb arterial system is tortuous bilaterally. So knowledge of such tortuous upper limb arterial tree is important for cardiologist, radiologist, plastic surgeons and orthopedic surgeons
Cauda Equina Syndrome Retention Type –Late Intervention Can also give Excellent Results
Authors:   Visiting Surgeon- Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery Director= spineservicesindital, Visiting Spine surgeon Ramakrishnshna Mission Seva Pratisthan and Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Sishom angal Hospital, Sarat Bose Road. Kolkata and Woodlands Multispeciality Hospital, Alipore, Kolkata, Roy Suhasish , Mahapatra Siddhartha ,   Senior Reident. Department of Orthopaedics- R.G.Kar Medical College and Hospital. Kolkata
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is an acute stenosis of lumbar spinal canal leading to compression of neural elements below the level of L1 mostly due to disc herniation but other causes exist. Intervention within 48 hours prevent permanent sensorimotor, sphincter and sexual disturbances. We reporttwelvecases of Cauda Equina Syndrome with complete sensorimotor deficit, bladder, bowel dysfunction intervened at least 1 month after initiation of symptoms with complete recovery of functions. Till date a few literature support is there to substantiate this evidence. Methods: 22 patients between 2011 to 2015, 18 male and 4 female, attended with complete or retention type of cauda equina syndrome. Of the 8 men, 5 had acute discherniations, 2 had caries spine, 1 had trauma. Of the 4 women,3 had acute disc herniation,1 had caries spine. 4 attended 35- 39 days, 4 between 45- 45 days,4 between 45- 60 days. They were urgently decompressed within 72 hours of attendance. 4 were lost in follow- up within 1 year. Rest were followed up3- 5 years. Results: 3 patients improved by 14 to 28 days, their neurological status improved from ASIA A to ASIA D, 4 patients by 30 to 90 days from ASIA A to ASIA E. 1 male patient improved from ASIA A to ASIA C in 3 years. All the above neurological status maintained. 2 men and 2 women were lost to follow up within 1 year when their improvement were by only one grade in ASIA impairment scale. 7 out of 8 patients had excellent results. Conclusion: Though early intervention is the golden rule, in late presentations of complete cauda equine syndrome, thorough decompression improves the neurological status of the patient
A Biophysical Study of Relationships Among Nutrition, Glucose, and Neuroscience via Ppg Waveform Differences between Liquid Egg Meals and Solid Egg Meals Using Gh-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No.294)
Authors:   Eclaire MD, Foundation, USA, Hsu Gerald C
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the author describes his 2+ years (801 days) research results, from 5/5/2018 through 7/14/2020, using his 171 special meals glucose data. Initially, he researched the detailed postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) data resulting from both food intake and post-meal exercise via 97 solid egg meals (74 pan-fried and 23 hard broiled) and 74 liquid egg meals (egg drop soup). Based on his findings, he adopted a statistical method of “decision making via elimination” to search and verify a hypothetical neural communication model between the brain’s cerebral cortex and internal organs, such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas
Controlling TMD Enhances Cognitive and Emotional Responsiveness
Authors:   Director Michigan Head and Neck Institute, Klein Richard , Fisher Barbara C ,   Clinical Director of United Psychological Services
Published: January 2021

Background: While previous studies have focused on cognitive improvement over time, they have not necessarily focused on mood changes. The goal of this study was to address pain relief, in particular the immediate response of pain relief. Methods: The focus of this study was 25 chronic TMD patients suffering from craniofacial pain. Trigger point injections were given to alleviate this pain, after a neurocognitive assessment was completed. Patients were then given the Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and a measure of memory (Three Words Three Shape Test) and processing speed (Symbol Search from the WAIS III) test. This was performed on a voluntary basis. Results: Out of 25 participants, 4.2% reported a pain ranking of 1 (on a scale of 0 to 3), 37.5% reported a pain ranking of 2, and 58.3% reported a pain ranking of 3. In regards to the origin of pain, 75% reported that trauma was the origin, 16.7% reported that stress was the origin, and 8% reported that the origin was anatomical in nature. Conclusions: This study has shown that you have a higher chance of immediate increase in cognitive function in terms of processing speed, however memory is not as receptive to immediate change. Craniofacial muscles are therefore less tense. Practical Implications: Can there be an immediate improvement in brain function when pain is eliminated? Dentists who are specialists in treating TMD are proving to revert negative cognitive and emotional changes when TMD symptoms dissipate
Study of the Effect of Nanotechnology Drugs (mcs-b) on the Aggregation of Human Blood Platelets
Authors:   Laboratory of Applied Nanotechnology of Belousov, Department Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Transfusiology and Hematology Kharkov Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine, Belousov Andrey N
Published: January 2021

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the effect of magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B brand) on the functional platelets activity of human. 0.9% NaCl was used as a control. The results of the study showed that the use of NaCl saline solution shifts the colloidal suspension equilibrium of platelets towards a significant (P<0.001) increase in the rate and index of their aggregation. For the first time, the effect of 0.9% NaCl on function of platelets makes us reconsider the concept of safety of infusion solutions in patients with initial signs of platelet disorders hemostasis. On the contrary, the use of MCS-B nanoparticles significantly revealed (P<0.05) an increase in the stability of colloidal suspension of platelets. This is an important pathogenetic factor which affects the occurrence of correction of hemostasis in conditions of blood clotting disorders
Levy Swimmer In An Asymmetric Channel
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 45371-38791, Iran, Fathian Maryam
Published: January 2021

In this article, we numerically study the dynamics of a model Levy walker, moving in a 2 dimensional medium confined by the walls of an asymmetric channel. We show that, as a result of both asymmetric potential due to the channel and also the power law step size distribution, the Levy walker will achieve a net directed velocity in the direction preferred by the channel. Other statistical properties of the walker such as mean first passage time and the mean square displacements are also examined
The Prime Principle in Clusters and Nanostructures
Authors:   China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, P R China, Jiang Chun-Xuan
Published: January 2021

Why we have five fingers. We suggest two principles: (1) the prime principle and (2) the symmetric principle. We prove that 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 23, 47, and 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 22, 46, 94 are the most stable numbers, which are the basic building-blocks in clusters and nanostructures. The prime principle is the mathematical foundations for clusters and nanosciences. It is a theory of everything
Production of Cellular Concrete Blocks Espumígeno Using Coconut Fatty Acids and Wastes of Foundry-Review of the Literature
Authors:   Department of Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Production, IMED, Passo Fundo, RS, Pedro Rudimar , Duarte Lauren da Cunha ,   Materials Design Department, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Eineck Tauhana ,   Polytechnic School, Faculdade Meridional (IMED), Passo Fundo, RS, Vilasbôas Fernanda ,   Department of Mining Engineering, PPGE3M, UFRGS, Hammes Pietra Barasuci ,   Polytechnic School, Faculdade Meridional (IMED), Passo Fundo, RS
Published: January 2021

The northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is an important polo industrial metal / mechanical, with an extensive and varied portfolio of equipment, principally the manufacture of agricultural implements. In the foundry parts used in the manufacture of agricultural machinery, a large amount of sand is used, generating waste according to the NBR 10004/2004 standard, which deals with the classification of solid waste as its potential risks to the environment and health class II THE. This class includes non-hazardous waste and non-inert. Except in cases of waste containing large amounts of “molds machos’’, in this case framed as ‘’dangerous’’ class I. Its environmentally correct disposal in controlled or sanitary landfills represents an important expense in the cost table and requires careful management for the industries that are directly responsible for incidents and accidents and co-responsible for possible environmental liabilities futures, even with referral to paid landfills. Specifically, this paper seeks search a method of using foundry waste and its blanketing, more precisely, the Sands used in the manner of manufacture of cast piece, Replacing the natural sand, water, foam produced With the espumigeno coconut fatty acids, cement as a binder in the manufacture of blocks of cellular concrete espumígeno (bcce), and consequent use in civil construction. In this context it seeks the state of the art in the construction of theoretical and practical knowledge about the topic, and also based on the models studied in research and publications by this author, using similar residues
A Time: Philosophy of Science
Authors:   Engineer, Independent Innovative Ideas Researcher, Smolyan 4700, Bulgaria, lyubomir Berov g
Published: January 2021

Dear reader, isn’t it time to turn things around and allow time to take its rightful place? in a nutshell, i believe time should be considered as the primary energy that has created the whole material world and governs the continuous changes in it. in my article “an intelligent cosmos: philosophy of science”, i discuss that this primary creative energy is, more generally, the dark energy in our universe. i believe that dark energy probably has a variety of specific manifestations, and i assume that one of those manifestations is time
Analysis of Dynamics of Infected Active and Uninfected Active Populations Leading to Pandemics using a Discrete Model of Two Interacting Pacemakers Taking into Account the Time of Refractoriness
Authors:   Department of General Physics, Physics Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Belyakin Sergey , Shuteev Sergey ,   Laboratory of dynamic systems, Physics
Published: January 2021

In this publication, we generalize the proposed model of two interacting oscillators in the case of a strong difference in their periods (when the pacemaker pulses do not alternate) and propose a General model describing a network of oscillators coupled globally. Our goal is to make the model as simple as possible and enter the minimum number of parameters. Therefore, we will fully characterize the pacemaker of their internal lengths of the cycle and re-present them as pulse oscillators. Interaction of pacemakers is described by PRC
Plant Extracts Based Nanoparticles, Potential Nanomedicine in Fight Against COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, South America, RC Jagessar
Published: January 2021

There is no declared vaccine or specific medication/medications to date, to fight COVID-19, even though the first vaccine is expected to be out before December, 2020. However, plant based nanoparticles, may be one of the medical route that scientists can pursue to eradicate this planet threatening virus. The SARS-COV-2 virus consists of a structure of a similar scale as plant based nanoparticles. Its anticipated that the proposed plant based nanoparticles can attach to SARS COV-2 viruses, disrupting their structure and so kill the virus. Plant based nanoparticles are expected to disable the viruses, even before they break into the body. Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production/synthesis and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling the shape and size at the nanometer scale. Nanoparticles are usually synthesized by chemical methods that usually used toxic reactants/reagents as reducing agents that further produce toxic by-products, which in turn are hazardous to the environment. However, recently, there has been the used of plant extracts as an alternative, complementary source of reducing agents to reduce metal ions to the corresponding metal nanoparticles. Plants contain an abundance and diverse arrays of natural products such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, coenzymes etc. that vary in concentration and type in different parts of the plants such as leaves, stems, roots, shoots, flowers, barks, fruits and seeds. These secondary metabolites can act as reducing and stabilizing agents for the bioreduction reaction to synthesize novel metallic nanoparticles. Plant based nanoparticles are less expensive to synthesise, ecofriendly and are thus less hazardous to the environment. This presentation on Green nanotechnology, surveys the use of plant extracts as possible green reagents for the synthesis of green nanoparticles to combat SARS-COV-2 virus
Reducing Stigma of Cancer in Asia–An Important Strategy for Cancer Control
Authors:   Faculty of medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Yim Loh Siew
Published: January 2021

Half the global burden of cancer is in Asia, where 60 percent of the world population live. Ageing society, growing populations, lifestyle and socioeconomic changes have contributed to a steep rise in cancer incidences. The emerging cancer burden across Asia call for balanced investments in public and professional awareness and political recognition of cancer as a public health problem. Early detection and cancer prevention leads to both better health outcomes and better cost-savings of treatment costs. Although evolving cancer health services need to be stepped up to strengthen cancer healthcare infrastructure to improve equitable access to services, more work must be conducted in the community to address the entrenched stigma of cancer and caused a shift towards a more positive perception to help address cancer in Asia.
Innovative Medicines & Oncology Practice during Covid at MENA Regions Policy analysis
Authors:   WHO Project Manager Health, policy analysis expert & Founder of MENA Network of Biologicals Stakeholders, Abotaleb Abdalla
Published: January 2021

Oncology practice during COVID -19 pandemic faced many challenges one of the major challenges is adaptation of treatment protocols for achieving following objectives. Managing system capacity, Enhancement of patient’s outcomes (quality of life – economic value – clinical effectiveness). And utilizing the resources during this hard times. Previous objectives raised many questions about nature of treatment protocols should be implemented during COVID -19. Pandemic and how innovative medicines can achieve the previous objectives.
Anterior Mediastinal Mass: A Rare Presentation of Thyroid Mass Compressing Mediastinal Structures
Authors:   Burjeel Cancer Institute–Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Al-shamsi Humaid O , Suhaili Abdul Rahim ,   Burjeel Cancer Institute–Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Alrawi Sadir ,   Burjeel Cancer Institute–Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Published: January 2021

Background: Anterior mediastinum is a very rare site of ectopic thyroid and such cases are usually identified incidentally by radiography. Case presentation: We report a case of a 46 year old Indian female was operated for a mass located in the anterior mediastinum. Diagnosis of thyroid tissue was confirmed by Histopathology section and the mass was resected totally. She died after a month due to multiple complications. Introduction: The anterior mediastinal space is almost a virtual space. However, the multiplicity of the structures it contains and the diversity of disease processes affecting them make it a region of great clinical interest. The anterior mediastinal compartment (also referred to as the anterosuperior compartment) is anterior to the pericardium and includes lymphatic tissue, the thymus, the extra pericardial aorta and its branches. The great veins masses in the anterior compartment are more likely to be malignant than those found in the other mediastinal compartments. Mediastinal masses are commonly encountered in clinical practice. However, they represent a challenging and urgent diagnostic problem because the differential diagnoses range from absolutely benign to a highly malignant condition. Any delay in diagnosis may be fatal. The common anterior masses include thymoma, lymphoma, and germ cell tumours Ectopic mediastinal thyroid is a rare clinical entity [1]. It comprises some 1% of all mediastinal tumors. And because of silent clinical findings, it is difficult to diagnose clinically. Therefore, they remain asymptomatic for many years, until the mass becomes larger in size. The purpose of this paper was to report this case of ectopic thyroid because of its rarity.
COVID-19: Immunogenetics and Immuno-Epidemiological Parameters
Authors:   110th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Cheepsattayakorn Attapon , Cheepsattayakorn Ruangrong ,   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Published: January 2021

As of February 15, 2020, 51,800 cases of COVID-19 disease, including more than 1,600 COVID-19-related deaths, had been laboratory-confirmed in mainland China, mainly in Hubei province. Additionally, 526 laboratory-confirmed cases have been reported across 25 other countries. Approximately, 15% of cases reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) are severe, 3% are critical, and 82% are mild clinical manifestations, whereas the estimated overall case fatality rate is approximately 2% but the figure outside of Hubei province is approximately 0.05% or less, not different from the fatality identified in the seasonal influenza. The mean age of COVID-19 patients is 52.4 years, whereas children and adolescents are the least likely group to be infected with the COVID-19, occurring in only 2 % of cases 19 years of age or younger. When the younger-age group get sick, they will get a mild form of COVID-19 without serious complications, with an average death rate of 0.2 %. Men constitute more than two-thirds of the reported COVID-19 cases (73 % vs. 27 %) and are more than 1.5 times more likely to die from COVID-19 (death rate : 2.8 % vs. 1.7 %). This sexual distinction of the anti-viral immunity between men and women is due to the genetic factors, hormonal factors, and environmental factors. The unanswered questions include the pathophysiology of pulmonary clinical infection, influenza and other viral co-infection, and the rate of bacterial complications. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection has evolved to become a pandemic, in contrast to infections with SARS and MERS, whereas SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has demonstrated having the similarities of genome sequence, receptor affinity, pathogenesis, and disease manifestation. In conclusion, although genomic evidence does not support the belief that COVID-19 is a laboratory construct, currently it is impossible to disprove or prove the theories of its origin. To identify the COVID-19 origin, obtaining virus sequences from immediate non-human animal sources would be the most definite method. In the absence of proper cure of COVID-19, it is necessary to identify the factors that may assist in assessment of the COVID-19 disease severity before rapid progression of the disease
The Unsuspected Intrinsic Property of Melanin to Dissociate the Water Molecule, Implications in Pulmonary Biology
Authors:   Centre of Studies in Photosynthesis in Humans, Aguascalientes 20000, México, Herrera Arturo Solís , Madrigal Oscar Aguilera ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
Published: January 2021

Life originated in anoxia, but paradoxically many organisms came to depend upon oxygen for survival, independently evolving diverse respiratory systems for expel CO2 and acquiring oxygen to and from the environment, respectively. Thereby, Oxygen, a vital gas, and a lethal toxin, represents a trade-off with which all organisms have had a conflicted relationship. The study of oxygen movements in the tissues of the human body has been a matter of great interest ever since centuries. In the beginning of the past century, Dr. Christian Bohr and August Krogh’s work on respiratory physiology and capillary modelling using mathematical models to calculate molecular transport in microcirculation, trying to determine the negative impact of lack of oxygen transport to tissues. Supposedly, computer simulation allowed investigation of the dynamic and non-linear characteristics of the systems. But the results have been and are contradictory. In Germany, Dietrich Werner Lubbers (1917-2005) obtained several patents related to designs for the study of gases in tissues. The aim of Dietrich Lübbers’ research was to understand the entire pathway and regulation of oxygen transport from the blood into the mitochondria. Assessment of pO2 histograms on most organs, revealed a remarkable similarity under physiological conditions: a Gaussian distribution always with less than 5% of values less than 5mmHg. Other studies detected changes in the concentrations of oxy- ([HbO2]) deoxy- ([HHb]) and total haemoglobin ([HbT]=[HbO2]þ [HHb]) measured using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) [1]. It has been shown that diabetic rats have markedly decreased oxygen availability in the kidney, supposedly resulting from increased oxygen consumption [2]
Can Monocyte to HDL Ratio be a new Marker for Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?
Authors:   Assistant professor of chest medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt, Yousef Aida Mahmoud , El-Jawhari Jehan J ,   Assistant professor of clinical pathology
Published: January 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum monocyte to serum HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). A total of 62 patients with an apnea hypopnea index (AHI > 5) and excessive daytime sleepiness were included in this study as OSAS group. The individuals with (AHI) < 5/h were included in the study as controls. OSAS patients were compared with the control group for high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, serum monocyte count, and monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR). Mild, moderate and severe OSAS subgroups were compared for the same parameters. Results: MHR was 11.93 ± 6.52 in the control group while it was 14.87 ± 6.98 in OSAS group, with a statistically significant difference in between them (p= 0.016). The MHR were positively correlated with AHI and the minimum oxygen saturation (p = 0.003 and p = 0.012, respectively). Conclusion: serum monocyte to serum HDL cholesterol ratio increased as OSAS severity increased. MHR is an easy and available biomarker. It can be used as a new marker for severity of OSAS
Understanding Rapid Transmitting, Invasive, Corona Pandemics through (Aair), (IS::Tn::IS), Crispr/Cas-9 DNA Editing
Authors:   Institute of Genetic Engineering & The Institution of Engineers, India, Brahma Nitosh Kumar
Published: January 2021

Antiadherent Immune Response (AAIR) against serotype 026: EPEC (Enteropathogenic (invasive) Escherichia coli) a fatal diarrhoea causing E.coli was successful in Balb/c mice experiment by the author. IS(Insertion Sequence) represented by IS1, IS2, IS3,-..IS10 flanking transposons (Tn) “IS::Tn::IS” and its illegitimate recombination was also studied curiously by the author to observe their spontaneous jumping, illegitimate recombination activities among DNA, chromosome and plasmids in Escherichia coli. Considering the fatality rate of corona as pandemic globally, the author has attempted to realise the possible application of AAIR, IS::Tn::IS and Crispr/Cas-9 in designing vaccine against corona, to prevent corona virus not to adhere in trachea and lung cells, to repair and to bring healthy life to mankind. is-Tn-is was observed/studied/discovered in Maize by Barbara Mc Clintock, USA, Peter Starlinger and Heinz Saedler, Germany studied the same in bacteria. Due to spontaneous mutations in corona, it is speculated by the author, that “IS::Tn::IS” DNA sequences might be present in corona, to mutate and to change the adhering, invasive and infective spike protein. The presence of IS-Tn-IS sequence have not been studied in SARS-COV-2, COVID-19, and corona. The sequence length, varied from IS1 (0.8kb) to IS10, (1.2 kb) (kilo base pairs) showed the potentiality spontaneous to do illegitimate recombination. If any of the sequence IS1, IS2, IS3…IS10 found common among HIV, MERS, SARS, Influenza, and H1N1 viruses, it could be useful to develop AAIR. Both AAIR vaccine concept and recent revolution in DNA editing, Crispr/cas-9(Clustered, Repeat Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat), / (Crispr-associated protein-9) both could essentially be used, bidirectional in corona vaccine to protect pandemics and their repeats in future. The IR mechanisms which is proposed, that IS::Tn::IS cloned spike pathogenic DNA as involved in AAIR monoclonal antibody will block the adherence of corona spikes and Crispr/cas-9 will repair, the transmitted, invasive corona, in human body by programmable DNA of non-pathogenic influenza virus. The author describes few of those possible mechanisms of Is:: spike protein and Crispr based transposons to mobilize IR vaccine against corona, considering the nanostructures of corona and the use of it huge surface area in immune surveillance.
Investigation of the Level of Public Awareness Outcome of COVID -19 Pandemic among Nigerians
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Medical Bacteriology / Virology / Parasitology Unit, Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Obioma Azuonwu , Nnenna Ihua ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Medical Bacteriology / Virology / Parasitology Unit, Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Christian Ahiakwo ,   Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Nkpolu - Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has been considered to be very phenomenal as the period is marked with some unimaginable Health crises across the globe. COVID-19 has been a global Public Health threat widely affecting the entire populace irrespective of the class and sex across the region of the world. This has attracted lots of sensitization and interventions from the appropriate approved Health agencies such as World Health Organization, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and others to better inform the general public about the nature and mode of operandi of the pandemic virus in the absence of an accepted therapeutics and vaccines as at the time of this study. However, the media is flooded with information; not excluding some misconceptions about COVID-19 pandemic. These conflicting information are taken by the general public without reservation, hence, the study investigated the level of awareness of the public about COVID-19 virus, in relation to general knowledge, signs/symptoms, associated risk factors, transmission/spread and misconceptions. The study was delimited to Nigerians who had access to the internet. The study instrument was a self-structured questionnaire, validated by experts in this area. A Cronbach Alpha revealed a reliability index of 0.92. The online descriptive survey on the awareness level of the public, utilized Google form technique to create the questionnaire which was sent through emails and links to various social media and private platforms. Five research questions and hypothesis guided the study. A combination of primary and secondary data sources aided the study. Modified Likert scale (four points) was used and a criterion mean of 2.5 was used as the cut-off for either aware/agree (>2.5) or not aware/disagree (<2.5). Statistical Package for Social Science version 21 was used to estimate descriptive and inferential statistics at 5% alpha level for deduction. A response rate of 99.1% was obtained and a sample size of 347 was used. The study outcome suggests many interesting phenomena concerning public awareness about the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a high level of awareness of COVID-19. However, there is a need for the government and media platforms to curtail the spread of fake news and correct the misconceptions about COVID-19 among her citizens in the region.
Overlapping Impacts of HIV/COVID-19 Pandemic on HIV Vaccine Development
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria, Enitan Seyi Samson , Junaid Surajudeen Alim ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal University, Lafia, Nigeria, Yomi Akele Richard ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Published: January 2021

The quest for a safe and effective HIV vaccine holds life-saving potential for people globally. Interestingly, the HIV/COVID-19 overlapping pandemic have impacted each other in diverse ways, some being advantageous, while others detrimental. On one hand, the HIV platforms for development of rapid test kits, neutralizing antibodies, vaccine development and trials, collaboration and mobilization etc. has proved very helpful and a promising template for the development of interventions for the COVID-19 pandemic; while on the other hand, a number of ongoing HIV vaccine safety and efficacy trials are being abridged, stopped or suspended amidst the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) crisis. The COVID-19 outbreak that begun in Wuhan, megacity of China late December, 2019, has spread to 220 countries and territories, with more than 36 million total confirmed cases and 1,057,505 total deaths globally as at 08 October, 2020 and still counting. Currently, no approved vaccines exist to prevent infection with the novel Coronavirus, however, the impact of the pandemic has been enormous with devastating effects on the global health and economy, with many countries introducing stringent response measures to de-escalate the spread of the virus. Recruiting and retaining volunteers for HIV vaccine trials this period has become very challenging due to a lot of factors including fear of potential exposure to the new coronavirus, ethical issues and safety concerns amongst others. The protection and safety of participants and clinic staff remain a priority for HIV vaccine investigators worldwide. They are at the moment making conscious efforts to execute measures necessary to prevent potential exposure and transmission of COVID-19 among study participants and clinic staff in various study sites. This review takes a look at the overlapping impacts of the HIV/COVID-19 pandemic on HIV vaccine development.
Therapeutic Role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in COVID-19
Authors:   Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Olive-View-UCLA Medical Center, David-Geffen-UCLA Medical School, CA, USA, Mikhail Nasser , Wali Soma ,   Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Olive-View-UCLA Medical Center, David-Geffen-UCLA Medical School, CA, USA
Published: January 2021

Background: Limited retrospective data suggest that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors such as sitagliptin may decrease mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: To review the strength of evidence that supports possible therapeutic role of DPP-4 inhibitors in COVID-19. Methods: PUBMED search until October 10, 2020. Search terms included COVID-19, DPP-4 inhibitors, sitagliptin, CD26, mortality, diabetes. Retrospective studies, pertinent animal investigations and pre-print studies are reviewed. Results: Three retrospective studies have shown that use of DPP-4 inhibitors was associated with significant mortality reduction of approximately 56- 87% in patients with diabetes admitted with COVID-19. In addition, in one of these studies, the use of sitagliptin before hospitalization was associated with greater number of hospital discharges, improvement of clinical status, reduced risk of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) and need for mechanical ventilation compared with patients who were not receiving sitagliptin. Moreover, there was significant decrease in some pro-inflammatory markers in the sitagliptin group. A small retrospective study of 9 patients who were taking a DPP-4 inhibitor prior to admission did not find any significant effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on mortality and clinical outcomes after hospitalization. Results of another small study suggested increase susceptibility to COVID-19, but not to its severity, in patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors. Conclusions: Weak evidence derived from observational studies suggests possible beneficial effects of DPP-4 inhibitors use in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Randomized trials are urgently needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 with and without type 2 diabetes
Improved Recovery and Survival with Trimethoprim or Cotrimoxazole in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors:   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK, A.Varney Veronica , John Thomas ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK, Samuel Thomas ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
Published: January 2021

Background: COVID-19 may become a life-threatening illness as a result of acute respiratory distress syndrome with the mainstay of management supportive, although dexamethasone and serum from recovered patients look helpful in reducing mortality in oxygen dependant patients. Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 22 patients with severe COVID-19 treated with trimethoprim (TMP) or cotrimoxazole (CTX) added to standard therapy antibiotics (ST) and compared this with anonymized data from 22 patients with COVID-19 of similar severity receiving ST alone. Results: Patients receiving additional TMP or CTX showed clinical improvement within 48 hours with reduced fever (p= 0.001), C-reactive protein levels (p=0.002) and oxygen requirements (SpO2/FiO2, p<0.001). Mortality was reduced (to 5% versus 32% for ST, p=0.022) and the need for ventilatory support (3 versus 16 patients on ST, p<0.001) and hospital length of stay (mean: 9 days versus 22 days on ST p<0.001). Discussion: This benefit may be due to combined antimicrobial and immunological effects of TMP and CTX. Both drugs block stimulation of the formyl peptide receptors (FPR’s) on the surface of circulating neutrophils and monocytes. When stimulated, FPR’s cause homing of neutrophils to the lung and trigger the release of Reactive Oxygen Series driving cytokine production and therefore a possible cytokine storm. Stressed neutrophils can extrude their nuclear content as ‘external nets’ (NETosis) to trap infectious agents, these nets can block the pulmonary alveolar bed giving severe hypoxia and death as seen in post mortems from COVID-19 patients. Blocking of neutrophil FPR’s by these drugs may be the mechanism by which they protect the lung in COVID-19.
Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Combined Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN) and Thrombocytopenia (ITP): A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, M Rizvi , S Medar ,   Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
Published: January 2021

Combined autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) and Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare disease that can present as extremely low neutrophil count and platelet count, respectively [1]. We describe the first case, to our knowledge, of the novel SARS CoV-2 infection and combined autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in a healthy 27-year-old male
Vaccine Design through Machine Learning and Nanotechnology to Terminate COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   School of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, South Korea, Kim Hyunjo , Song Jae-Hoon ,   Chairman of Asian-Pacific Research Foundation for Infectious and ANSORP, South Korea
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 vaccine development involves high-tech platforms such as viral vectors, antigen carriers, and delivery technology. Nanotechnology tools can play a pivotal role in advancing COVID-19 treatment and vaccine design. Information related to the structural morphology of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, its pathophysiology, and related immunological response is the most important factor at the nanotechnology point of view. In the absence of a specific antiviral against SARS- CoV-2, present therapeutics target the multifaceted molecular interactions involved in viral infections and major comprises repurposing already existing antiviral molecules used for other RNA viruses. Furthermore, various kinds of vaccine candidate’s structure could be screened by using ma- chine learning. Recently, it is equally important to look for a suitable Nano-carrier delivery technology to make these repurposed therapeutics as well as new vaccine development safer and more effective affordable methodologies so that nanotechnology can reach patients.
EFFECT OF ADAPTATION PRACTICES TO CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BY FARMING HOUSEHOLD. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kimani James
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality.  Projected increases in temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability may all result in reduced agricultural productivity. Increases in the frequency and severity extreme weather events can also interrupt food delivery, and resulting spikes in food prices after extreme events are expected to be more frequent in the future.  Increasing temperatures can contribute to spoilage and contamination. The general objective of the study was to establish the effect of Adaptation practices to climate change and its impact on agricultural production by farming household.   

Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.

Findings: The study found out the locals households prefer multiple adaptation strategies to counter the effects of climate variability and change. The current local adaptation strategies include crop, diversification, shifting planting dates, off farm jobs and diversifying from farm to non – farm activities. However majority of the respondents employ crop diversification as the main adaptation strategy. For the locals’ crop diversification does, to an extent, guarantees good harvests although there are years in which farmers report total crop losses

Recommendations: The study recommends that policy efforts should be directed at enforcing  adaptation measures of climate change in order to boost agricultural  production
Implementasi Knowledge Management System Pada Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang Berbasis Web (Study Kasus: Unit Sumber Daya Manusia)
Authors: Sidhatama Brilian , Fatmasari Fatmasari , Solikin Iman
Published: January 2021

Knowledge pada era informasi ini sangat penting bagi perusahaan Pada Administrasi rumah sakit muhammadiyah Palembang ini memiliki asset pengetahuan yang penting yaitu tacit knowledge dan explicit knowledge. Namun  sayang, Knowledge Sharing yang ada di rumah sakit muhammadiyah Palembang ini belum berjalan dengan baik dimana tacit knowledge hanya dimiliki oleh karyawan tertentu, dan explicit knowledge seperti dokumen yang tersimpan di berbagai tempat penyimpanan. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut yaitu membangun KMS bagian administrasi pelayanan di rumah sakit muhammadiyah Palembang. KMS pada bagian administrasi ini diperlukan untuk berbagi informasi dan sebagai referensi bagi para karyawan yang membutuhkan Aplikasi KMS yang dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman HTML 5 dan basis data MySQL. Serta dengan menggunakan metode the 10-step knowledge management roadmap. Aplikasi KMS yang dibangun dapat membantu rumah sakit muhammadiyah dalam mengumpulkan pengetahuan tersebut kedalam suatu wadah, sehingga tidak akan kehilangan pengetahuan yang dimiliki karyawan dibagian administrasi.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pengambilan Keputusan Kenaikan Jabatan Menggunakan Metode Analtyic Network Process
Authors: Apriliani Dilla , Muzakir Ari , Syazili Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Pengambilan keputusan merupakan bagian kunci dari eksekutif, manajer, pegawai, dan setiap manusia dalam kehidupan tak terkecuali dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk kenaikan jabatan pada suatu perusahaan. Banyaknya calon pegawai serta beragamnya kriteria yang harus dipenuhi seringkali membuat pimpinan kesulitan dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan memilih pegawai pada PT. TNS. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan dalam penerimaan pegawai PT.TNS yang menerapkan metode Analytic Network Process (ANP). Adapun tahapan dalam ANP ini yaitu dengan membuat matriks perbandingan berpasangan, menentukan nilai eigen vector, mengukur konsistensi serta membuat limiting supermatriks untuk menentukan bobot akhir dari kriteria dan subkriteria. Hasil dari perhitungan bobot kriteria dan nilai pada setiap tes yang dilakukan akan diakumulasi sehingga akan menghasilkan peringkat dari beberapa alternatif calon pegawai, hasil tersebutdigunakan untuk membantu manajer dalam pengambilan keputusan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 10 pegawai sebagai sample setelah dilakukan perbandingan perhitungan secara manual dan penerapan metode Analytical Network Process.
THE PROBLEM OF SYNTHESIS OF CONNECTIONISM AND SYMBOLISM
IN MODELS OF WEAK ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Bezlepkin Evgeny
Published: January 2021

The idea of conceptual mutual exclusion of the approaches of connectionism and symbolism in the philosophy of artificial intelligence is proposed. It is shown that the basic concepts of both concepts are complementary in the philosophical and methodological terms. The key idea of the study is the assumption of the need to find ways to consistently synthesis the approaches of connectionism and symbolism.
Kết quả hoạt động của đơn vị phẫu thuật tim mạch - Lồng ngực, Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội sau 1 năm thành lập
Authors: Tu Vu Ngoc , Hung Doan Quoc , Thang Nguyen Duy , Huy Nguyen Anh , Gia Nguyen Duy
Published: January 2021

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đơn vị Phẫu thuật Tim mạch – Lồng ngực (PT TM – LN) mới được thành lập. Tổng kết hoạt động của Đơn vị sau 1 năm có ý nghĩa quan trọng để hoàn thiện qui trình, kĩ thuật và định hướng phát triển trong tương lai.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu theo phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang tất cả bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật tim mạch, lồng ngực trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 10/ 2019 đến 10/ 2020.

Kết quả: Có 252 ca phẫu thuật, trong đó có 64 ca phẫu thuật tim hở, 70 ca phẫu thuật lồng ngực và 118 ca mổ mạch máu. Phẫu thuật nhiều mặt bệnh đa dạng của tim mạch – lồng ngực, như phẫu thuật lóc động mạch chủ loại A, thay van, sửa van tim, phẫu thuật bệnh lý mạch máu như mạch cảnh, động mạch chủ bụng, thiếu máu mạn tính chi hay các bệnh lý phổi, trung thất, lồng ngực. Các kỹ thuật hybrid (phẫu thuật và can thiệp đồng thời) cho bệnh lý mạch máu chi, bệnh động mạch chủ ...

Kết luận: Qua một năm hoạt động, mặc dù còn nhiều khó khăn và hạn chế, Đơn vị đã triển khai thành công các phẫu thuật chuyên sâu về tim mạch – lồng ngực.