bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAFIC EXTRUSIVE ROCKS ALONG THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF MAJEVICA
Authors: Babajić Alisa , Babajić Elvir , Srećković-Batoćanin Danica , Dragan Milovanović
Published: November 2017

Total number of nineteen mafic extrusive rock samples is subjected to the detailed optical examination. Based on definition of mineral composition, structure, texture, type and intensity of alteration processes, and taking into consideration the recent classification schemes, different lithotypes are defined. The most frequent are spilites distinguished by classical "spilite" mineralogy (albite), and very often with "quench" texture and amygdaloidal structure. Diabases consist of primary plagioclase and clinopyroxene which are often decomposed and disintegrated. Diabase rocks are mostly characterised with ophitic texture and massive structure. Coarse grained varieties are characterized as dolerites, the rocks in which intensity of alteration process is significantly lower than in previous lithotypes. Varieties with frequent occurrences of amphibole got adjective amphibolic. The most common and the most intense alteration processes are albitization and chloritization. Alteration processes of lower intensity are actinolitization, pumpellytization, zeolitization, carbonation-calcitization, limonitization, kaolinitization and silicification. Depending on alteration degree a certain lithotypes are named with prefix meta (metadiabases and metadolerites).
GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY IN KARST OF JAHORINA
Authors: Golijanin Jelena , Ćulafić Golub , Petronić Slađana , Matović Ognjen
Published: November 2017

Analysis has studied northern part of Jahorina, Ravna Mountain, whose karst plateau presents water aggregation surface for Paljanska Miljacka and Bistrica flows, which are used as water supply for Sarajevo and Pale. This paper presented hydrogeological and hydrological characteristics of the area and applied analyzes of other physical-geographic characteristics which are an essential indicator of the quality of groundwater. Applying various methods, we have obtained maps that shows different ways of groundwater pollution in karst. We analyzed spatial relationships and connections with individual socio-geographical components. Thought correlation methods we obtained results which provided conclusions for possible measures against pollution of groundwater in karst and karst in general.
GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TERRAIN AND CALCULATION OF BEARING CAPACITY FOR BRIDGE No. 3 OF MOTORWAY TARCIN – KONJIC
Authors: Talić Zlatan , Softić Edis , Duraković Nerma , Čustović Dino
Published: November 2017

In paper is given overview on geotechnical characteristics of the terrain on location of a bridge number 3, on highway Tarcin – Konjic. Complexity of geological structure, in near surface where it consists from sediments of weathering crust to depth of around 30,0 m, as well as in substrate that consists of sediments of clayey debris, determined the way of foundation.

On software package Geo 5 is done a semi-analytical approach for determining the load capacity of the pile and extent of subsidence in relation to given load. Pile is modeled with beam elements where is observed behavior of surrounding terrain according to Winkler-Pasternak modele, and shearing force to the contact of pile and soil are determined based on Mohr-Coulombo criteria. Changeable characteristics on the terrain demanded analysis of every pile for which are given propositions for foundation and allowed load.
IMPACT OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE OF A PART OF THE BANJA LUKA – DOBOJ MOTORWAY ON THE QUALITY OF WATER IN THE RIVERS VRBAS AND CRKVENA
Authors: Pešević Dušica , Knežević Nebojša
Published: November 2017

The paper presents the impact of the construction site of a part of the Banja Luka – Doboj motorway, section 1: Banja Luka – Prnjavor, in the settlement of Miloševac, on the quality of water in the rivers Vrbas and Crkvena. Before the construction of a new bridge, the zero state was determined in the direct vicinity and at locations downstream from the construction site in order to have a realistic picture of impacts of the mentioned construction on the quality of surface waters. Comparison of the data acquired by continual monitoring of a significant number of parameters (total 18) during 12 months and their zero state, i.e. their values before the commencement of construction, gives a realistic overview of impacts of the construction site on the quality of water in nearby surface watercourses. In the case that the execution of civil works proves to have a negative impact on the quality of these rivers, the cause of negative impacts shall be determined and additional measures of prevention, reduction or mitigation of impacts shall be taken.
Cyclic di-GMP differentially tunes a bacterial flagellar motor through a novel class of CheY-like regulators
Authors: Nesper Jutta , Hug Isabelle , Kato Setsu , Hee Chee-Seng , Habazettl Judith Maria , Manfredi Pablo , Grzesiek Stephan , Schirmer Tilman , Emonet Thierry , Jenal Urs
Published: November 2017

The flagellar motor is a sophisticated rotary machine facilitating locomotion and signal transduction. Owing to its important role in bacterial behavior, its assembly and activity are tightly regulated. For example, chemotaxis relies on a sensory pathway coupling chemical information to rotational bias of the motor through phosphorylation of the motor switch protein CheY. Using a chemical proteomics approach, we identified a novel family of CheY-like (Cle) proteins in Caulobacter crescentus, which tune flagellar activity in response to binding of the second messenger c-di-GMP to a C-terminal extension. In their c-di-GMP bound conformation Cle proteins interact with the flagellar switch to control motor activity. We show that individual Cle proteins have adopted discrete cellular functions by interfering with chemotaxis and by promoting rapid surface attachment of motile cells. This study broadens the regulatory versatility of bacterial motors and unfolds mechanisms that tie motor activity to mechanical cues and bacterial surface adaptation.
CHIP as a membrane-shuttling proteostasis sensor
Authors: Kopp Yannick , Lang Wei-Han , Schuster Tobias B , Martínez-Limón Adrián , Hofbauer Harald F , Ernst Robert , Calloni Giulia , Vabulas R Martin
Published: November 2017

Cells respond to protein misfolding and aggregation in the cytosol by adjusting gene transcription and a number of post-transcriptional processes. In parallel to functional reactions, cellular structure changes as well; however, the mechanisms underlying the early adaptation of cellular compartments to cytosolic protein misfolding are less clear. Here we show that the mammalian ubiquitin ligase C-terminal Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP), if freed from chaperones during acute stress, can dock on cellular membranes thus performing a proteostasis sensor function. We reconstituted this process in vitro and found that mainly phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate enhance association of chaperone-free CHIP with liposomes. HSP70 and membranes compete for mutually exclusive binding to the tetratricopeptide repeat domain of CHIP. At new cellular locations, access to compartment-specific substrates would enable CHIP to participate in the reorganization of the respective organelles, as exemplified by the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus (effector function).
Genomic regions controlling shape variation in the first upper molar of the house mouse
Authors: Pallares Luisa F , Ledevin Ronan , Pantalacci Sophie , Turner Leslie M , Steingrimsson Eirikur , Renaud Sabrina
Published: November 2017

Numerous loci of large effect have been shown to underlie phenotypic variation between species. However, loci with subtle effects are presumably more frequently involved in microevolutionary processes but have rarely been discovered. We explore the genetic basis of shape variation in the first upper molar of hybrid mice between Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus. We performed the first genome-wide association study for molar shape and used 3D surface morphometrics to quantify subtle variation between individuals. We show that many loci of small effect underlie phenotypic variation, and identify five genomic regions associated with tooth shape; one region contained the gene microphthalmia-associated transcription factor Mitf that has previously been associated with tooth malformations. Using a panel of five mutant laboratory strains, we show the effect of the Mitf gene on tooth shape. This is the first report of a gene causing subtle but consistent variation in tooth shape resembling variation in nature.
Dnmt3a is an epigenetic mediator of adipose insulin resistance
Authors: You Dongjoo , Nilsson Emma , Tenen Danielle E , Lyubetskaya Anna , Lo James C , Jiang Rencong , Deng Jasmine , Dawes Brian A , Vaag Allan , Ling Charlotte , Rosen Evan D , Kang Sona
Published: November 2017

Insulin resistance results from an intricate interaction between genetic make-up and environment, and thus may be orchestrated by epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation. Here, we demonstrate that DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) is both necessary and sufficient to mediate insulin resistance in cultured mouse and human adipocytes. Furthermore, adipose-specific Dnmt3a knock-out mice are protected from diet-induced insulin resistance and glucose intolerance without accompanying changes in adiposity. Unbiased gene profiling studies revealed Fgf21 as a key negatively regulated Dnmt3a target gene in adipocytes with concordant changes in DNA methylation at the Fgf21 promoter region. Consistent with this, Fgf21 can rescue Dnmt3a-mediated insulin resistance, and DNA methylation at the FGF21 locus was elevated in human subjects with diabetes and correlated negatively with expression of FGF21 in human adipose tissue. Taken together, our data demonstrate that adipose Dnmt3a is a novel epigenetic mediator of insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo.
Raising Introspective Awareness in Resisting Colonizing Ideologies: Coetzee's Waiting for the Barbarians
Authors: M. Al-Shraah Sameer
Published: November 2017

Deconstructing colonization and the colonizing discourse is a long and continuing process. Many intellectuals participated, and still participate, in this noble mission. However, "Waiting for the Barbarians" is a literary work that resists the colonial ideology through raising the colonizer's, and consequently the reader's, awareness of the pervasive ideology of dehumanization; it is this ideology that makes possible the severe torture of the prisoners without the torturers' feeling or awareness of their criminal deeds. This ideology of dehumanization and the struggle against its domination is manifested by the character of the protagonist who, as a representative of the colonizer, experiences a gradual process of confusion, introspection, and remorse that enables the reader to experience closely, rather than merely witness from a distance, an exemplary process of self-questioning. This theme of self-questioning is one of the main themes of Coetzee's Waiting for the Barbarians. The novel creates in us an ability to question the different ideologies that enslaved us unconsciously, especially at our modern time when It seems that we became so obsessed with materialism and our existential needs that risking one's physical safety or financial security to stand up for one's principles will never be an issue for most people, especially those living in what was known as colonizing countries or, in modern terminology, the developed or first world. Thus, the aim of this paper is to investigate how the novel creates in its reader a revival of a moral and ultimately political sensibility that is usually inhibited by the ideology of dehumanization.
A Research on the Influence of Contemporary Popular Music upon Youths’ Self-identity
Authors: Jing Wang
Published: November 2017

“Emotion” is a key to exploring the relationship between contemporary popular music and youths. In reality, youths exercise the identity construction centering on self-identity by the unconscious use of ritualization towards popular music (cultures). The article analyzes the conversion in identity construction of youths in the course of popular music appreciation in the new era, and summarizes the identity construction of “private—individual”, “public—individual”, “self—division” and “reflexive”.The study on varieties of identity types strengthens our belief that “emotion-identity” is a down-to-earth approach to research Chinese youth group of popular music appreciators.
A Shattering Epiphany in James Joyce’s “Araby”
Authors: Rokeya Ms. , Ahammed A.K. Zunayet
Published: November 2017

This article attempts to show an adolescent boy's continuing process of self-realisation through his disillusionment with the bleak reality of Dublin in the early twentieth century in the short story “Araby” by James Joyce. Brought up in the drab and deadening surroundings with his uncle and aunt in conservative Catholic cultures, the lonely sensitive boy finds no outlets to express his feelings. Torn between harsh reality and imagination, the boy searches light and a relish of romance. Amidst the darkness, a girl, Mangan's sister, is the only light in his romantic vision. The boy, however, wishes to win her over by bringing her a gift from Araby, an oriental bazaar, which is also an epitome of ideal beauty, love and romance to him. But as he grows up, he discovers that the bazaar is beset by difficulties of the adult world where he finds no way to dream. There he is exposed to a new odious situation which he never felt before. And he undergoes a shattering epiphany which results in realisation and maturation. Indeed, here Joyce keenly evinces how a young boy gains sharp insights into life and reality.
Freudian Notion of Psychoanalysis: Its Implications in Contemporary Teaching Practices
Authors: Afzal Awan Muhammad
Published: November 2017

The author has engaged in a critical review of Frued's notion of psychoanalysis and its vitality in teaching.  Illustrating from Freud's own assertions and through the interpretations of the later critics, the author has pointed out certain noticeable pitfalls and, or incapacities of contemporary teaching practices. The forces of aggression and sex exert their influence through the unconscious drives to make teaching, holds Freud, one of the 'impossible' professions.  Impossibility of teaching does not imply an absolute failure of all what education stands for, but it refers to the challenges of the problematic nature of the profession. Teaching a child entails a tug of war between 'conscious self' and 'unconscious drives'. This tug of war is organized by ill-conceived notions of love, kindness, motherhood associated with teachers. On the contrary, the contemporary teaching practices are guided by coercive methods of subjugation, standardized tests and institutional control. None but the leaner suffers in this predicament. This is how more damage than the benefit is suspected from education. The author concludes that a more liberal environment can create a space for the leaner to appease the vulnerable impulses of sex and aggression without affecting the natural creativity which is probably the greatest intrinsic capital to invest for great gains. Frued's notion of psychoanalysis can be a means to an end but not an end in itself. It can defend teaching from failing in its pursuits; if the failure is predetermined, teachers may fail honorably rather than miserably.
Complications of Translating the Meanings of the Holy Qur’an at Word Level in the English Language in Relation to Frame Semantic Theory
Authors: Ahmed Saeed Balla Asjad , Gumaa Siddiek Ahmed
Published: November 2017

The present study is an attempt to investigate the problems resulting from the lexical choice in the translation of the Holy Qur’an to emphasize the importance of the theory of “Frame Semantics” in the translation process. It has been conducted with the aim of measuring the difference in concept between the two languages Arabic and English. In order to find out this difference two words have been chosen from the Qur’an to see how the different English frames can affect the translation of the Holy Qur’an. In addition to that the paper aims to reveal the strategies used by translators to avoid such effect.  We also intended to see which factors that can mostly affect the translation of the Qur’an: the linguistic background or the cultural knowledge. Four hypotheses were coined to deal with the difference in frame knowledge (conception) between Arabic and English. The analysis of the data showed that the linguistic background contributed more to the translators’ ability than the cultural knowledge. A rank ordering for the five translations performed in the present study resulted in that the first rank (completely appropriate) was assigned to Yusuf Ali’s translation and the second position was booked by Pickhall’s translation.
Musicality as an Aesthetic Process of Filtering in Thomas W. Shapcott's Poetry
Authors: Eidan Al-Ta'an Muslim Abbas
Published: November 2017

How does music transcend individual experience? Is music the filter to purify everything? How does everything in the poet become music? Such questions are raised, now and then, by the conscious reader of poetry in general and that of the Australian poet Thomas W. Shapcott in particular. My present research-paper attempts to present an answer for these questions via probing the individuality of Shapcott's poetic experience and how does the poet's personal and experimental musicality as an artistic motif and aesthetic perspective play a key role in purifying language of its lies and its daily impurities. In the first place, my account is apt to find an aesthetic meaning for the action of transcending the individual experience in selected poems written by Shapcott. The philosophical and ritual thought of musicality is interplayed with the aesthetic power of poetry. Both aesthetic energies stem from the individual experience of the poet to transcend the borders of individuality and being absorbed and saturated in the wide pot of human universality. In other words, the poem after being filtered and purified musically and aesthetically is no longer an individual experience owned by its producer only, rather it becomes a human experience for its conscious readers. Music as a motif and meaning, regardless of its technical significance, is controversial in Shapcott's poetic diction. Music, here, is not a mere artistic genre; rather it is a ritualistic and philosophical thought. The paper is to investigate how Shapcott's musicality is constructed on aesthetics of balance and conformity in poetry and life.
Evaluation of the quality of the strain of Artemia Las Cumaraguas, Paraguana, Venezuela
Authors: Alvarez Z , Sánchez R
Published: November 2017

Quality evaluation tests were done on the strain of Artemia Las Cumaraguas, Paraguaná, Venezuela, in terms of cyst and naupliar (Instar 1) biometrics, as well as percentage, efficiency, rate and productivity of hatching. Bi-monthly sampling of cysts was carried out from January to September 1991. Simultaneously. temperature and salinity were measured. Average hydrated cyst diameter was 238.14 µm (s.d. ± 0.012). Average length of the nauplii (Instar 1) was 438.69 µm (s.d. ± 0.028) and average chorion thickness 1 1.36 µm (s.d. ± 0.012). Average hatching percentage and efficiency were 81.25% (s.d. ± 3.27) and 203.505 naupliiig (s.d. ± 20.95), respectively. As to hatching rate, T90 was observed at 24.14 hours and the hatching synchrony was obtained at 10.7 hours. Hatching productivity ranged from 184.3 to 354.53 mg/g of cysts. Results reveal the potentiality of Artemia from Las Cumaraguas and its possible use in aquaculture.
Ecological factors that determine distribution and abundance of the California sea lion Zalophus Californianus in the Gulf Of California
Authors: Aurioles-Gamboa D , Zavala-González A
Published: November 2017

The population of the California sea lion Zulophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) in the Gulf of California during the breeding seasons of the 1980’s was estimated at 23,256 individuals, and 31,393 if census adjustments are applied. Of this total (23,256), 6.9% were adult males, 5.0% subadult males, 40.7% adult females, 23.9% juveniles, 22.7% pups (less than one year of age) and 0.8% were termed miscellaneous. Eighty-six percent of the 29 sea-lion colonies studied were on islands, while the remaining colonies occupied capes of the mainland. However, around 98.8% of the sea-lion population was counted on islands. The number of islands (available habitat) did not determine the sea-lion distribution in the gulf, but the concentration of its usual preys (sardine, anchovy, mackerel and hake) did. Eighty-two percent of the sea-lion population and its pup production took place in the northern region of the Gulf of California (from Isla San Esteban northward), which seems to be associated with the major abundance of small pelagic fish in the gulf. California sea lions tend to inhabit small- and medium-sized islands (less than 3 km in length), which amount for 80% of the sea-lion population. The probable factors that determine the selection of islands this size are: 1) the absence of terrestrial predators, 2) easier communication of breeding animals and 3) sexual selection advantage for mating individuals. The operational sex ratio varied according to island size in a negative exponential trend. More adult females were available per adult males on smaller islands, since reduced space clumped the females. This clumping effect enhances a higher male-male competition (with an evident advantage for males), but also a higher quality of territorial males for the breeding females.
Modified staining techniques for the study of Nongeniculate coralline red algae (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Fragoso-Tejas D , Márquez-Guzmán J , Novelo E
Published: November 2017

Different staining techniques of histological slides were tested and modified in order to improve and facilitate the observation of vegetative and reproductive structures that are taxonomically important for genus and species determinations of nongeniculate coralline algae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Four groups of staining techniques were differentiated from the results: a) dyes with a low affinity for the thallus: mercuric bromophenol blue, toluidine blue “O” and naphthol blue black; b) dyes with a greater affinity for the thallus: ruthenium red and red “O” oil; c) combined dyes which allowed a better staining of the thallus: naphthol blue black combined with PAS test (Periodic Acid Schiffs reagent) and toluidine blue “O” combined with sodium tetraborate; d) the dyes that gave the best staining results were: Harris’ hematoxylin, Mallory’s phosphotungstic hematoxylin, potassium permanganate (KMnO4). PAS test and safranine-fast green.
Management of serious cardiac adverse effects of antipsychotic medications
Authors: Stoner Steven C.
Published: November 2017

The use of antipsychotic medications has now expanded to multiple mental health conditions beyond schizophrenia. This has increased the overall population exposure to these medications, which have been associated with both metabolic changes and adverse cardiovascular effects. QTc prolongation, torsades de pointes, sudden cardiac death, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy are all very real concerns that clinicians face on a regular basis. One must take these risks into consideration when selecting antipsychotic therapy and also when determining whether therapeutic changes and adjustments are necessary. This review examines a number of cardiac-associated concerns, the role that antipsychotics may play in contributing to these adverse events, and suggested management interventions.
Medication management of bipolar disorder during the reproductive years
Authors: Kennedy Mary Lindsey Hedgepeth
Published: November 2017

The management of bipolar disorder during reproductive years is a challenge to both patient and clinician. The rapidly changing landscape of medical literature, newly available medications, and implementation of the Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Final Rule by the Food and Drug Administration can be dizzying. This article serves as a brief, practical guide on the use of medications for the treatment of bipolar disorder before, during, and immediately after pregnancy. Special focus is devoted to the risk-benefit analysis of using potentially teratogenic medications during pregnancy. Availability and appropriateness of various contraceptive methods and folic acid supplementation in combination with mood stabilizers is also addressed. Every clinician managing bipolar disorder in adult women should be knowledgeable of family planning resources and what to do in the setting of unintended pregnancy.
Treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease
Authors: Chen Jack J.
Published: November 2017

Persistent psychotic symptoms will develop in up to 60% of patients with Parkinson disease (PD). The initial approach to the management of PD psychosis (PDP) begins with addressing concurrent systemic conditions associated with psychotic behavior, such as delirium, medical conditions (eg, infections), psychiatric disorders (eg, major depression with psychotic symptoms, mania, schizophrenia), and substance misuse or withdrawal. A review of current medications is recommended, and medications that may trigger psychotic symptoms should be eliminated. If possible, antiparkinson medications should be reduced to the minimum therapeutic dose or discontinued in a sequential manner. Generally, dose reduction or discontinuation of anticholinergics is attempted first, followed by that of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, amantadine, dopamine agonists, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, and lastly carbidopa/levodopa. The aim of antiparkinson medication dose reduction is to achieve a balance between improving drug-related psychotic symptoms and not significantly worsening the motor symptoms of PD. If additional measures are needed for chronic PDP treatment, the use of second-generation antipsychotics, such as clozapine, pimavanserin, or quetiapine, must be considered. The first-generation antipsychotics (eg, fluphenazine, haloperidol) are not recommended. In the patient with comorbid dementia, the addition of a cholinesterase inhibitor might also be beneficial for PDP. The choice of agent is based on patient-specific parameters, potential benefit, and side effects.
Evaluation of buprenorphine/naloxone dose and use of sedating supportive medication on treatment outcomes in veterans with opioid use disorder
Authors: Kapuganti Amber , Turner Traci , Thomas Christopher J.
Published: November 2017

Introduction:

This retrospective cohort study evaluated effects of buprenorphine/naloxone dose and concomitant use of selected sedating medications on treatment outcomes in patients with opioid use disorder.

Methods:

Patients enrolled in the buprenorphine/naloxone clinic at the study institution from 2009 until April 2013 were included. There were no exclusion criteria. Part 1 assessed treatment failure within 6 months and time to treatment failure with buprenorphine doses >8 mg and ≤8 mg. Part 2 assessed for treatment failure within 6 months and time to treatment failure with use of selected sedating medications. Sedating medications were cyproheptadine, hydroxyzine, quetiapine, and trazodone. Treatment failure was defined as documentation of illicit opioid use per patient report, urine drug screen showing opioid use, or patient lost to follow-up.

Results:

There were 132 patients included in this study, but 163 separate encounters due to multiple enrollments. Treatment failure was experienced within 6 months 51 times a patient was prescribed ≤8 mg (66.2%) and 26 times a patient was prescribed >8 mg (33.8%) (P = .0005). Average time to treatment failure was 5.1 months with ≤8 mg and 8.4 months with >8 mg. The 48% of patients who received sedating medications did not demonstrate any significant differences in treatment response at 6 months (P = .2746) or time to treatment failure (P = .2209).

Discussion:

Doses of buprenorphine/naloxone >8 mg demonstrated better treatment response and prolonged time to treatment failure. Concomitant sedating medications did not have a statistically significant effect on treatment response or time to treatment failure.
Successful bystander-administered intranasal naloxone reversal of opioid overdose between two veterans: A case report
Authors: Ouyang Shuang , Moore Troy
Published: November 2017

Opioid overdose–related morbidity and mortality remain one of the most pressing public health crises. Overdose education and naloxone distribution have emerged as an effective initiative for mitigating overdose deaths. This case highlights areas of patient education essential to optimizing treatment outcome when using a naloxone reversal kit. The patient is a 46-year-old white male with a past medical history significant for opioid use disorder, alcohol use disorder, stimulant use disorder, sedative-hypnotic use disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The patient received an intranasal naloxone kit during residential substance abuse treatment. Five months later, the patient requested a new kit and was asked about the disposition of his previous kit. The patient recounted how he was telephoned to pick up an unconscious friend (and fellow veteran) from a nonresidential location. Upon arrival, the patient recognized opioid products near his friend and took steps to reverse the suspected opioid overdose with his 2 mg/2 mL naloxone intranasal kit. The reversal was successful, but many critical rescue response steps were omitted. This case report may guide future changes to educating patients on appropriate responses to opioid overdoses with naloxone. A PubMed search located one other case report of successful naloxone reversal of opioid overdose in the veteran population, which involved fentanyl sold as heroin. In our case report, a veteran successfully used his naloxone kit to reverse a suspected opioid overdose in another veteran, but he incompletely provided the rescue response. This experience may influence content changes for future overdose education and naloxone distribution training.
The care of dependent elderly on the family context O cuidado do idoso dependente no contexto familiar
Authors: Silva Tatiana Gaffuri da , Mocelin Cheila - , De Souza Silvia Silva , Madureira Valeria Faganelo , Celich Katia Lilian Sedrez , Colliselli Liane -
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Compreender como ocorre a organização de famílias cuidadoras de idosos dependentes no contexto familiar.  Método: Qualitativo, com 5 participantes e coleta de dados em duas etapas. A primeira com o propósito de identificar: idade, sexo, grau de instrução, estado marital e renda e a segunda com foco na organização familiar. O método de análise utilizado foi o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, CAAE: 33714314.4.0000.5564. Resultados: Os discursos revelaram necessidade das famílias adaptarem-se as rotinas impostas pela presença do idoso e cuidador principal como membro da família que mais altera seus hábitos, e sofre privação da liberdade. Conclusão: Famílias e cuidadores necessitam da vigilância, atenção à saúde e suporte contínuo das equipes que atuam nas programas da estratégia de saúde da família. Descritores: Assistência domiciliar a idosos, Cuidador familiar, Enfermagem.
Popular healing practices and medical plants use for riparian mothers in early childhood care Práticas populares de cura e o uso de plantas medicinais por mães ribeirinhas no cuidado infantil
Authors: Lima Raquel , Turrini Ruth , Silva Leila Rangel , Melo Lilian , Augusto Susie Imbiriba
Published: November 2017

OBJETIVO: Analisar as práticas populares de cura com plantas medicinais pelas mães ribeirinhas durante o cuidado dos filhos.  MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de etnoenfermagem, com coleta de dados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante. Participaram do estudo 15 mães da comunidade ribeirinha Vila Nova Maringá, Amazonas. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise temática. Pesquisa aprovada pelo CEP EEAN/HESFA n°54/08. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que as práticas populares de cura variam de acordo com a etiologia; que 17 problemas físicos de saúde infantis podem ser tratados com 37 plantas medicinais; e que grande parte das plantas utilizadas encontram respaldo no saber científico. CONCLUSÃO: Acredita-se que a pesquisa tenha relevância para a enfermagem e comunidade, pois permitiu o intercâmbio de saberes popular e científico, bem como apontou uma necessidade de investimentos que trabalhem com esta temática.
Dry eye in critically ill patients: integrative review Olho seco em pacientes críticos: revisão integrativa
Authors: De Araújo Diego Dias , Ribeiro Nayara Souza , Aleixo Silva Priscila Marinho , Rezende Macieira Tamara Gonçalves , Da Silva Patrick Leonardo Nogueira , Machado Chianca Tânia Couto
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura publicações sobre os fatores de risco para o olho seco em pacientes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva de adultos. Método: Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados MedLine, CINAHL, Web of Knowledge, LILACS, Cochrane, IBECS e BDENF.  Foram identificadas 620 publicações potencialmente elegíveis para inclusão nesta revisão, selecionando-se ao final vinte e sete publicações que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Essas foram analisadas por dois pesquisadores independentes, usando-se instrumento adaptado para verificar o nível de evidência. Resultado: Foram identificados 39 diferentes fatores de risco para olho seco, sendo que os apontados em 50% ou mais dos estudos, o lagoftalmo (85,18%), uso de sedativos (70,37%), ventilação mecânica (66.66%) e uso de bloqueadores musculares (55,55%). Conclusão: Foi encontrado somente um estudo que abordasse especificamente o problema do olho seco em pacientes críticos; estudos clínicos são necessários, a fim de se apresentar evidências científicas fortes ao problema.
Use of microcurrent in pressure ulcers A utilização da microcorrente em úlceras por pressão
Authors: Carlos Allan Mazzoni , Soares Enedina , Temístocles Karla
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Conhecer a eficácia do uso da microcorrente nas úlceras por pressão, sinalizando os benefícios deste tratamento para o cliente. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de atualização de caráter exploratório baseado em leitura corrente e periódicos científicos publicados no Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Biblioteca Digital da USP e Revista eletrônica quadrimestral de Enfermaria. Resultados: Verificou-se que o uso da microcorrente é um recurso terapêutico que constitui um equipamento de grande beneficio quanto ao tratamento das úlceras por pressão, vez que, o processo de cura é agilizado e os custos financeiros para o setor hospitalar são minimizados otimizando o processo de enfermagem. Conclusão: Nesta abordagem teremos melhores respostas para os cuidados de enfermagem otimizando o tempo da assistência e da hospitalização do paciente em sua condição enfermo motivada pelas escaras. Descritores: Enfermagem; Microcorrente; Úlcera por pressão.
Aesthetic trials: taking care of oneself, of the other and of the environment in which we live Experimentações estéticas: o cuidado de si, do outro e do ambiente em que vivemos
Authors: De Azevedo Cláudio Tarouco , Medeiros Amaral Augusto Luis
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Apresentar a pesquisa-intervenção desenvolvida pelos autores em forma de atividades artístico-pedagógicas, denominadas experimentações estéticas, analisando as mesmas e seus efeitos enquanto conjunto prático-teórico voltado ao cuidado de si, do outro e do ambiente. Métodos: Construído a partir da experiência dos autores com práticas de pesquisa inspiradas nos estudos sobre As Três Ecologias e na metodologia Sociopoética, sendo utilizada na análise a escrita presencial dos participantes durante as oficinas e as respostas dos mesmos às questões enviadas por e-mail. Resultados: Apontam para a superação dos medos internos e a descoberta das potencialidades pessoais para enfrentar desafios. A sensibilidade do olhar e o envolvimento com o outro como elemento fundamental no exercício de confiança das relações cotidianas. Conclusão: O processo de experimentação indica que existe uma potência do encontro, dos intercâmbios e da sensibilidade quando privilegiamos um conhecimento que se apreende com o corpo em movimento, relacionando-se com o outro e o mundo. Descritores: Experimentações estéticas, corpo, intervenção socioambiental
Relationship between the quality of life and food consumption of teachers from private network Relação entre a qualidade de vida e o consumo alimentar de professores de rede privada
Authors: Silva Keliane Galdino da , Freitas Bruna Andrade de , Furgêncio Gislene Kauffmann , Portes Leslie Andrews , Kutz Nyvian Alexandre , Salgueiro Marcia Maria Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Relacionar a qualidade de vida (QV) e o consumo alimentar (CA) de professores de rede privada. Métodos: Estudo transversal que avaliou a QV, o CA e a classe econômica. Resultados: Em relação à QV dos 107 professores, 64,5% foram classificados com boa e 19,6% com muito boa, 70,1% pertence à classe C e 64,5% mostraram CA satisfatório. Os escores de alimentação (EA) se correlacionaram significantemente com os domínios da QV, físico, psicológico, social e ambiental e, com a QV geral. Quanto maior o EA nos quartis melhores os domínios físico, psicológico e ambiental. Conclusão: Quanto maior o EA melhor a QV de professores. Assim, a alimentação saudável pode contribuir com a promoção da saúde refletindo em melhor QV.
Factors that enable the performance of nurses in prenatal Fatores que possibilitam a atuação do enfermeiro na atenção pré-natal
Authors: De Bortoli Cleunir De Fátima Candido , Bisognin Priscila , Wilhelm Laís Antunes , Prates Lisie Alende , Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: Conhecer os fatores que possibilitam a atuação do enfermeiro, no âmbito da atenção básica, na atenção pré-natal. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, de campo, descritivo. Participaram sete enfermeiras, atuantes na atenção pré-natal, no âmbito da atenção básica. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se as técnicas de observação participante e entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados pela proposta operativa. O estudo obteve aprovação do Comitê de Ética da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria sob CAAE: 39437014.4.0000.5346. Resultados: Evidenciaram-se o uso de protocolos na atenção pré-natal, como orientação da prática profissional, e o acolhimento como estratégia para estabelecer o vínculo com a gestante. Conclusões: O fortalecimento da assistência na atenção pré-natal torna-se possível quando orientada pela segurança e resolutividade, proporcionando a construção do vínculo na relação com a gestante e favorecendo a adesão ao pré-natal.
FAK inhibitors induce cell multinucleation and dramatically increase pro‐tumoral cytokine expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages
Authors: He Xia , Chen Xin , Li Bogang , Ji Jianxin , Chen Shuang
Published: November 2017

Macrophages are abundant in the tumor microenvironment. They are highly plastic and able to acquire pro‐tumoral phenotypes in response to microenvironmental stimuli. When we treated RAW 264.7 macrophages with inhibitors of various oncogenic pathways, we found that the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors PF573228 and TAE226 could induce cell multinucleation by suppressing furrowing and cytokinesis. This failure in cytokinesis involves Rac1, whose activity is elevated by FAK inhibitors, and the p21‐activated kinases, comprising the downstream effectors of Rac. We also investigated the influence of cell multinucleation on macrophage physiology in RAW 264.7 cells. This is the first study to report that FAK inhibitors suppress furrow ingression and early cytokinesis. Of note, we found that FAK inhibitors caused a dramatic increase in pro‐tumoral cytokines in multinuclear cells, suggesting the potential to convert macrophages into pro‐tumoral phenotypes.
Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Bioerosion From Land‐Based Sources of Pollution
Authors: Prouty Nancy G. , Cohen Anne , Yates Kimberly K. , Storlazzi Curt D. , Swarzenski Peter W. , White Darla
Published: November 2017

Ocean acidification (OA), the gradual decline in ocean pH and [
] caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2, poses a significant threat to coral reef ecosystems, depressing rates of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production, and enhancing rates of bioerosion and dissolution. As ocean pH and [
] decline globally, there is increasing emphasis on managing local stressors that can exacerbate the vulnerability of coral reefs to the effects of OA. We show that sustained, nutrient rich, lower pH submarine groundwater discharging onto nearshore coral reefs off west Maui lowers the pH of seawater and exposes corals to nitrate concentrations 50 times higher than ambient. Rates of coral calcification are substantially decreased, and rates of bioerosion are orders of magnitude higher than those observed in coral cores collected in the Pacific under equivalent low pH conditions but living in oligotrophic waters. Heavier coral nitrogen isotope (δ15N) values pinpoint not only site‐specific eutrophication, but also a sewage nitrogen source enriched in 15N. Our results show that eutrophication of reef seawater by land‐based sources of pollution can magnify the effects of OA through nutrient driven‐bioerosion. These conditions could contribute to the collapse of coastal coral reef ecosystems sooner than current projections predict based only on ocean acidification.
Analysis of Thermal Structure of Arctic Lakes at Local and Regional Scales Using in Situ and Multidate Landsat‐8 Data
Authors: Huang Yan , Liu Hongxing , Hinkel Kenneth , Yu Bailang , Beck Richard , Wu Jianping
Published: November 2017

The Arctic coastal plain is covered with numerous thermokarst lakes. These lakes are closely linked to climate and environmental change through their heat and water budgets. We examined the intralake thermal structure at the local scale and investigated the water temperature pattern of lakes at the regional scale by utilizing extensive in situ measurements and multidate Landsat‐8 remote sensing data. Our analysis indicates that the lake skin temperatures derived from satellite thermal sensors during most of the ice‐free summer period effectively represent the lake bulk temperature because the lakes are typically well‐mixed and without significant vertical stratification. With the relatively high‐resolution Landsat‐8 thermal data, we were able to quantitatively examine intralake lateral temperature differences and gradients in relation to geographical location, topography, meteorological factors, and lake morphometry for the first time. Our results suggest that wind speed and direction not only control the vertical stratification but also influences lateral differences and gradients of lake surface temperature. Wind can considerably reduce the intralake temperature gradient. Interestingly, we found that geographical location (latitude, longitude, distance to the ocean) and lake morphometry (surface size, depth, volume) not only control lake temperature regionally but also affect the lateral temperature gradient and homogeneity level within each individual lake. For the Arctic coastal plain, at regional scales, inland and southern lakes tend to have larger horizontal temperature differences and gradients compared to coastal and northern lakes. At local scales, large and shallow lakes tend to have large lateral temperature differences relative to small and deep lakes.
Reforming the taxonomy in disorders of consciousness
Authors: Bayne Tim , Hohwy Jakob , Owen Adrian M.
Published: November 2017

This article examines the serious shortcomings that characterize the current taxonomy of postcomatose disorders of consciousness (DoC), and it provides guidelines for how an improved DoC taxonomy might be developed. In particular, it is argued that behavioral criteria for the application of DoC categories should be supplemented with brain‐based criteria (eg, information derived from electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging), and that the categorical framework that currently characterizes DoC should be replaced by a multidimensional framework that better captures the performance of patients across a range of cognitive and behavioural tasks. Ann Neurol 2017;82:866–872
3D Porous Carbon Framework Stabilized Ultra‐Uniform Nano γ‐Fe2O3: A Useful Catalyst System
Authors: Ai Yongjian , He Mengqi , Lv Qianrui , Liu Lei , Sun Hong‐bin , Ding Mingyu , Liang Qionglin
Published: November 2017

We present a novel strategy for the scalable fabrication of γ‐Fe2O3@3DPCF, a three‐dimensional porous carbon framework (PCF) anchored ultra‐uniform and ultra‐stable γ‐Fe2O3 nanocatalyst. The γ‐Fe2O3@3DPCF nanocomposites were facilely prepared with the following route: condensation of iron(III) acetylacetonate with acetylacetonate at room temperature to form the polymer precursor (PPr), which was carbonized subsequently at 800 °C. The homogeneous aldol condensation offered an ultra‐uniform distribution of iron, so that the γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) were uniformly distributed in the 3D carbon architecture with the average size of approximate 20 nm. The Fe2O3 NPs were capped with carbon, so that the iron oxide maintained its γ‐phase instead of the more stable α‐phase. The nanocomposite was an excellent catalyst for the reduction of nitroarene; it gave >99 % conversion and 100 % selectivity for the reduction of nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines at 100 °C. The fabrication of the γ‐Fe2O3@3DPCF nanocatalyst represents a green and scalable method for the synthesis of novel carbon‐based metal oxide nanostructures.
Kinetics of cellulose pyrolysis: Ensuring optimal outcomes
Authors: Adenson Michael O. , Kelley Matthew D. , Elkelany Osama O. , Biernacki Joseph J. , Liu Yung‐Way
Published: November 2017

Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been used for decades to study the thermal decomposition of cellulose. Unfortunately, reported kinetic parameters extracted from TGA‐based datasets for cellulose pyrolysis vary greatly; activation energies between 166 and 250 kJ/mol have been reported. In addition to heat and mass transfer limitations and source of biomass, which have previously been used to explain such variations, this work shows that the choice of regression objective function and optimization strategy are also important factors. Taking all into consideration, the activation energy of slow pyrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose was estimated to be 199 ± 2.0 kJ/mol.
The Mouse Model of Infection with Citrobacter rodentium
Authors: Bouladoux Nicolas , Harrison Oliver J. , Belkaid Yasmine
Published: November 2017

Citrobacter rodentium is a murine mucosal pathogen used as a model to elucidate the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of infection with two clinically important human gastrointestinal pathogens, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). C. rodentium infection provides an excellent model to study different aspects of host‐pathogen interaction in the gut, including intestinal inflammatory responses during bacteria‐induced colitis, mucosal healing and epithelial repair, the induction of mucosal immune responses, and the role of the intestinal microbiota in mediating resistance to colonization by enteric pathogens. This unit provides detailed protocols for growing this bacterium, infecting mice by intragastric inoculation, measuring bacterial loads in feces and organs, and monitoring intestinal pathology induced by infection. Additional protocols describe steps needed to create frozen stocks, establish a growth curve, perform ex vivo organ cultures, isolate immune cells from the large intestine, and measure immune response by flow cytometry. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Regulation of plasma membrane expansion during axon formation
Authors: Quiroga Santiago , Bisbal Mariano , Cáceres Alfredo
Published: November 2017

Here, will review current evidence regarding the signaling pathways and mechanisms underlying membrane addition at sites of active growth during axon formation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 170–180, 2018