bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Global Panel Dataset of Dyadic Dual Citizenship Acceptance
Authors: Vink Maarten , van der Baaren Luuk , Reichel David
Published: January 2025

Dual citizenship provides access to secure legal status and rights in more than one country for an unprecedented number of migrants and their descendants worldwide. While this double allegiance requires matching legal regulations between two states, existing studies of dual citizenship typically focus on migrant origin or destination perspectives. To explore this phenomenon's dyadic nature, we introduce a procedure that leverages existing monadic data on two distinct types of dual citizenship restrictions: origin country restrictions on the loss of citizenship by citizens naturalizing abroad and destination country restrictions requiring foreigners acquiring citizenship in a country to renounce any other citizenship. We add novel data on dyad-specific regulations in place in nearly 13 thousand country-country-year combinations. This results in a global panel dataset of the regulation of dual citizenship in 1.8 million directed dyad-year observations in place between 201 states back to 1960. An open access replication script allows reproducing and updating the dyadic dataset with new available data. We identify regulatory trends and present estimates of the number and proportion of global migrants affected by changing policy constellations and variation in acceptance across political regimes. We show that migrants are more likely to acquire destination country citizenship and thus achieve democratic representation in constellations where they can maintain a legal link with their origin country.
Interbreed variation of dairy cow milk in terms of specific proteome and lipidome for establishing criteria of milk selection
Authors: Devi Savita , Kapila Rajeev , Kapila Suman
Published: January 2025

Background

Ruminant milk is a very complex table food and naturally encrypted with different components possessing various health-promoting characteristics.

Aim

In the present study, we focused on breed-wise compositional difference in milk including various components and release of fatty acids and peptides during digestion.

Methods

First, milk samples were analysed using lactoscan LW milk analyser, MALDI-TOF and gas chromatography. In addition, in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion of milk was performed to determine the fatty acid and peptide concentration.

Results

Percentage fat was significantly less in Karan Fries (KF) and Holstein Friesian (HF) milk compared to Sahiwal (SW), Tharparkar (TP), Gir (GIR) and Karan Swiss (KS). The mean conductivity displayed the healthy status in SW, TP, GIR, KF and HF milk. The protein was significantly higher in KF milk compared to SW, TP, GIR and HF milk. KS milk possessed the highest number of peptides followed by HF, SW, TP, GIR and KF milk. The fatty acid compositional difference was primarily observed in saturated fatty acids including the C4:0, C21:0 and also w6 linoleic acid. On the basis of peptide number of MALDI-TOF, milk from SW and KS was selected for digestion in in vitro to check the availability of fatty acids and peptides in the intestine. There was more release of fatty acids in SW milk and more peptide from KS milk in intestinal conditions. Therefore, the difference in composition exists based on protein and fat components in indigenous and crossbred cows’ milk.

Conclusions

The breed-wise difference in composition of milk is important to study as it not only reflected the nutritional value and various biological activities, but also emphasis on specific proteomic and lipidomic of milk that eventually can be used as criteria for selection of milk.
Association between mothers’ provision of vegetables and homemade meal strategies under time constraints in Japan
Authors: Yoshii Emi , Akamatsu Rie , Hasegawa Tomoko , Fukuda Kazuhiko , Ainuki Tomomi
Published: January 2025

Background

Maternal time constraints lead to a lack of vegetable provision to children. Mothers use homemade meal strategies under time constraints; however, these strategies have not been well investigated.

Aim

This study aimed to classify the homemade meal strategies used by mothers under time constraints and to examine their association with the provision of vegetable dishes.

Methods

We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of 400 mothers of preschool children in Japan. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to classify homemade meal strategies. The Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare the subscale scores by the demographic characteristics and provision of vegetable dishes, and logistic regression was used to predict the provision of vegetable dishes based on the subscales and adjusted for demographic characteristics.

Results

A 13-item scale comprising three subscales (“planning meals and shopping ahead,” “use of convenience foods,” and “batch cooking”) was developed. Full-time employed mothers had higher scores for “use of convenience foods” and “batch cooking” than did unemployed mothers. “Batch cooking” was positively related to the provision of vegetable dishes more than seven times a week after adjusting for maternal demographic characteristics, whereas “use of convenience foods” was negatively related. “Planning meals and shopping ahead” was not associated with the provision of vegetable dishes.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that batch cooking is a recommended strategy under time constraints and that education on nutritional considerations when using convenience foods is required.
Faith in Fugitive Time: Safiya Sinclair’s Poetic Temporalities of Racialization
Authors: Mason Elliot C.
Published: January 2025

Time is of increasing concern in Black studies, with scholars studying the ways in which standardized narratives of time are historically imposed on racialized populations. This essay reads Safiya Sinclair’s 2016 poetry collection Cannibal as offering a fugitive temporality that ruptures the stability of the racializing present. In Cannibal, Sinclair’s speaker does not attempt to release herself from the racializing condemnation of the past. Rather, she summons a fugitive social past in the present, antagonizing the homogeneity of the present by exposing it to the repressed and relegated wounds that haunt the foundations of modernity’s racializing program. In Cannibal, this summoning is occasioned through a practice of faith. Following J. Kameron Carter and Fred Moten, among others, this essay studies the ways in which this fugitive poetic temporality of faith builds on contemporary developments in the critique of time, religion, and whiteness in Black studies.
Giant gastric leiomyoma excision using endoscopic submucosal dissection with dental floss clip traction technique: a case report
Authors: Deng Jiwen , Liu Zhaohui , Sun Dayong
Published: January 2025

For gastric leiomyomas measuring ≥5 cm, endoscopic resection is necessary. The larger size of these tumors significantly impairs the resection field of view, increasing the risk of intraoperative bleeding and perforation and potentially leading to incomplete tumor removal. The combination of dental floss and tissue clip traction techniques is commonly used for resecting mucosal lesions but is rarely reported for submucosal tumors. We recently completed a case of endoscopic resection of a giant gastric leiomyoma in the body of the stomach, approximately 7 cm in length, using endoscopic submucosal dissection with dental floss clip traction. The dissection was carefully controlled within the muscularis propria layer, avoiding damage to the serosa. No bleeding or perforation occurred. A special technique was employed to avoid damage to the muscle layer. By combining this technique with tissue forceps, better traction stability may have been achieved. During the traction process, slight tension was consistently maintained between the swelling and the muscle layer, preventing perforation due to traction. The resection field remained clear throughout the procedure, which lasted 50 minutes in total. The final outcome was satisfactory. This method may be worthy of clinical application.
Business Meets Pleasure
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: January 2025

The lighting team at ME Engineers played with shapes and colors to craft a nifty new office for their colleagues
High-Tech Haven
Authors: Desar Leonora
Published: January 2025

A Louisiana-based technology company becomes an aesthetic trailblazer
A Roadmap for Lighting Smart Cities
Authors: Dugar Amardeep M.
Published: January 2025

Urban planners must consider both general design principles and geo-cultural context when crafting lighting master plans
Theatrical Techniques in Architectural Lighting
Authors: Kruger Mark D.
Published: January 2025

Light, like language, can be a tool for expression
Lighting The Abyss
Authors: Burgner Lois I.
Published: January 2025

Designers meet the challenge
Lighting Performance Measured in A Commercial Building
Authors: Rea Mark S. , Pasini Ivaldo , Jutras Louise
Published: January 2025

Strengths and weaknesses pinpointed
Counting Coup
Authors: Edwards Ian K.
Published: January 2025

Photometry: Origins of the science to applying hand-held equipment
The Dual Structure of Volunteering During Crises: A Task-Driven Approach to Volunteering
Authors: Høgenhaven Lærke
Published: January 2025

This article develops and tests a theoretical model of volunteering during crises suggesting a dual structure referring to the mobilization of two types of volunteers engaging in different voluntary tasks. By combining theories on civic virtue and crisis adaption, I develop and test the theoretical model using survey data on a representative random sample of Danish adults collected during the pandemic in 2020. The results of the analysis support some parts of the model as volunteers fall into two groups. One group of previous volunteers had high levels of generalized trust and took on both ordinary volunteering and COVID-19-specific voluntary tasks. Another group of new volunteers had high levels of anxiety and almost exclusively engaged in COVID-19-specific tasks. The article contributes to volunteering and crisis research by demonstrating how both mechanisms of civic responsibility and crisis adaption influence volunteering during crises.
Multivalued Random Dynamics of Fractional Reaction–Diffusion–AdvectionEquations Driven by Superlinear Colored Noise on Unbounded Domains
Authors: Yuan Mingkai , Li Dexin , Tien Nguyen Da , Freitas Mirelson M
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the multivalued random dynamics generated by solution operators of fractional random reaction–diffusion–advection equations driven by superlinear colored noise on unbounded domains. The equations under consideration exhibit non-Lipschitz continuous nonlinear drift and diffusion terms, which lead to the non-uniqueness of solutions and hence generate multivalued random dynamical systems. Our goals are to demonstrate: (i) the existence of solutions for fractional reaction–diffusion–advection equations driven by superlinear colored noise on unbounded domains; and (ii) the existence and uniqueness of pullback random attractors for these systems. The measurability of the random attractors is demonstrated using a method that relies on the weak upper semicontinuity of the solutions. The asymptotic compactness of solution operators is obtained by employing Ball’s approach to energy equations in order to address the non-compactness of Sobolev embeddings on the entire space.
Diabetic foot ulcer classification assessment employing an improved machine learning algorithm
Authors: Gudivaka Raj Kumar , Gudivaka Rajya Lakshmi , Gudivaka Basava Ramanjaneyulu , Basani Dinesh Kumar Reddy , Grandhi Sri Harsha , khan Faheem
Published: January 2025

Background

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a severe consequence of diabetes that, if left untreated, can lead to amputation, blindness, renal failure, and other serious complications. The high treatment expense and length of treatment for this therapeutic technique are both disadvantages. Despite the effectiveness of this strategy, a distant, cost-effective, and comfortable DFU diagnostic therapy is necessary.

Objective

This study proposed the Advanced Machine Learning Practical Method for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Classification.

Methods

This unique and cost-effective healthcare solution uses Practical Methodologies with the reinforcement learning algorithm for DFU imaging. The categorization was based on constant technological advancements, and the benefits of Machine Learning (ML) for use in DFU treatment are numerous, including enhanced clinical decision-making based on Ulcer classification and healing progress. The ML greatly impacted DFU data analysis, with categorization and risk assessment among the findings.

Results

The machine-learning technique can potentially create a paradigm shift by providing a 92.5% classification accuracy evaluation in the diabetic foot Ulcer problem. According to Clustering Scenario Analysis of Diabetic Foot Ulcer, when compared to Mild To Moderate Localized Cellulitis (Cluster 1 produces classification efficiency from 71% to 88%), Moderate To Severe Cellulitis (Cluster 2 delivers classification efficiency from 85% to 97%), Moderate To Severe Cellulitis With Ischemia (Cluster 3 produces classification efficiency from 90% to 98%), and Life-Or Limb-Threatening Infection (Cluster 4), the results were promising (Cluster 4 makes classification efficiency from 93.5% to 98.2%). The efficiency of this is Cluster 78.45 percent higher than the existing procedure.

Conclusions

The proposed Advanced Machine Learning Practical Method demonstrates significant improvements in DFU classification accuracy and efficiency, presenting a cost-effective and effective alternative to traditional diagnostic approaches.
ADET MODEL: Real time autism detection via eye tracking model using retinal scan images
Authors: Ranjana Jesu Mariyan Beno , Muthukkumar Rajendran
Published: January 2025

Background

Deficits in concentration with social stimuli are more common in children affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Developing visual attention is one of the most vital elements for detecting autism. Eye tracking technology is a potential method to identify an early autism biomarker based on children's abnormal visual patterns.

Objective

Eye tracking retinal scan path images can be generated by eyeball movement during the time of watching the screen and capture the eye projection sequences, which helps to analyze the behavior of the children. The Shi-Tomasi corner detection methodology uses open CV to identify the corners of the eye gaze movement in the images.

Methods

In the proposed ADET model, the corner detection-based vision transformer (CD-ViT) technique is utilized to diagnose autism at an early stage. Generally, the transformer model divides the input images into patches, which can be fed into the transformer encoder process. The vision transformer is fine-tuned to resolve binary classification issues once the features are extracted via remora optimization. Specifically, the vision transformer model acts as the cornerstone of the proposed work with the help of the corner detection technique. This study uses a dataset with 547 eye-tracking retinal scan path images for both autism and non-autistic children.

Results

Experimental results show that the suggested ADET frameworkachieves a better classification accuracy of 38.31%, 23.71%, 13.01%, 1.56%, 18.26%, and 44.56% than RM3ASD, MLP, SVM, CNN, SVM, and our proposed ADET methods.

Conclusions

This screening method strongly suggests that it be used to assist medical professionals in providing efficient and accurate autism detection.
Design and numerical analysis of block-like horn with complex 3D working surface for ultrasonic plastic welding
Authors: Ngo Nhu Khoa , Vi Quang Trung , Nguyen Dinh Ngoc
Published: January 2025

In ultrasonic welding, the uniform displacement of the working surface profile has a significant influence on the quality of the weld. The more uniform the displacement, the higher the quality of the weld. In particular, for block-like horns with a complex curved surface profile, achieving uniform displacement is difficult. In this study, the displacement uniformity of horn has been improved by optimizing the design of the block-like horn. An optimal design method for block-like horn with a complex curved surface profile used for welding of turn signals was developed and verified. The optimal design of block-like horn is achieved by integrating three techniques including finite-element method, response surface methodology, and genetic algorithm. A multi-objective function is established for the optimization problem in which the displacement uniformity of the working surface profile is set to the largest weight factor. The results show that the optimized block-like horn has a displacement uniformity of 92.2%. This result is expected to significantly improve weld quality. In addition, the frequency separation between the longitudinal frequency and the pre and post-ones are 1271 and 1424 Hz, respectively. These values are within the safe range of the design which is with the value of 1000 Hz. This helps to avoid the phenomenon of mode coupling of the horn, which also affects the displacement uniformity of the working surface profile. Additionally, the longitudinal natural frequency of the horn is predicted at 19909 Hz, closely aligning with the frequency transducer of 20000 Hz, with an error of only 0.46%. This results in maximizing energy efficiency. The findings of this study contribute to the construction and development of a methodology for the design and optimization of block-like horns with complex working profiles, which are widely used in other industries such as children's toys, TV remote controls, print cartridges, and so on. By addressing the critical challenges of displacement uniformity and mode coupling, this research contributes significantly to advancing ultrasonic welding technology.
Fabrication of protruded laser textures on grey cast iron for enhanced tribological performance under SAE 10W-30 lubrication
Authors: Murari Govind , Nahak Binayak , Pratap Tej
Published: January 2025

Shorter component life cycle and emission due to high friction wear of reciprocating components like cylinder liner–piston rings are the main concerns in an engine and generally addressed through different surface modifications. Protruded multi-shaped textures are getting wider popularity nowadays to address these issues. Therefore, the present study proposes an effective fabrication of five distinct laser textures, namely, protruded circular, staggered circular, rectangle, square, and hexagon textures on grey cast iron with variable morphology and contact footprint for prolonged life and tribological performance under SAE 10W-30 lubrication. Five-axis flexi nanosecond ytterbium pulsed laser with optimum process parameters with laser power of 60 W, scanning speed of 2134 mm/s, frequency of 450 Hz, jump speed of 7015 mm/s, and pulse duration of 120 ns was used to fabricate all the textures. Surface morphology of the fabricated textures confirms the quality and accuracy of the fabricated textures. Laser irradiation increases microhardness, whereas protrusions provide lubricant retention along with higher load-carrying ability. Moreover, tribological results confirm the protrusions are favourable in reducing coefficient of friction (COF), frictional force (FF), wear, and mass loss compared to normal surfaces and conventional dimpled textures. Protruded staggered circular texture exhibited the highest reduction of around 38% in COF and FF, compared to base surface, whereas protruded square texture showed the highest reduction in mass loss. It attributes the fact of protrusion dimensions, depth, and fracture of protruded sections also contributed towards improved tribological performance.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia co-infection with cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Techasupaboon Tanyanop , Nasomsong Worapong
Published: January 2025

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is an uncommon presentation of CMV among patients with HIV/AIDS, particularly in co-infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). A case was reported with a literature review, and a comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus databases. We report a 52-year-old male with AIDS presenting with progressively worsening dyspnea over 1 week. One month earlier, he had completed a 21-day course of PCP treatment, showed improvement and was discharged. Two weeks before presentation, he started antiretroviral therapy (ART), but his dyspnea worsened significantly 1 week later. Chest radiography showed bilateral ground glass opacities. Bronchoscopy and lung biopsy revealed nuclear enlargement with prominent intranuclear inclusions and marginated chromatin of alveolar cells on H&E staining, along with positive immunohistochemistry for CMV. Grocott’s methenamine silver staining identified 3–5 μm irregular yeast-like organisms resembling crushed ping-pong balls, consistent with P. jirovecii. He was treated with intravenous ganciclovir for a total of 21 days, and his clinical and radiologic findings completely resolved. CMV pneumonia co-infection with PCP is extremely rare and should be considered among patients with severely immunocompromise with interstitial pneumonitis unresponsive to PCP treatment or recurring after treatment.
Nurse-patient relationship boundaries and power: A critical discursive analysis
Authors: Unhjem Jeanette Varpen , Hem Marit Helene
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Mental health nursing is dependent on nurses’ ability to engage in therapeutic relationships with patients. The ability to manage professional boundaries is equally important, but less explored. This study aims to address the following research questions: How do nurses define their professional, personal, and private roles? What are nurses’ experiences with professional boundaries? What are the implications of nurses’ understanding of these boundaries?

Background: Nurse–patient relationships are characterized by asymmetrical power dynamics, which places the responsibility of delineating professional boundaries on the nurse. While ethical codes offer guidance, nurses must identify appropriate boundaries in a dynamic process that relies on the clinical context.

Research design: This study used critical discursive psychological analysis to examine data from participant observations, individual interviews, and focus group discussions.

Participants and research context: We included 16 nurses working in mental health care in this study, comprising 12 in specialist mental health care and 4 in community mental health care.

Ethical considerations: The study was registered with Norwegian Social Science Data Services.

Results: Nurses defined professionalism as being an educated caregiver who prioritizes patients’ needs. Professionalism involves personal engagement, while some personal matters remain private. However, nurses experienced challenges in maintaining professional boundaries, facing dilemmas due to the subjective nature of boundaries and patients’ unpredictable responses.

Conclusions: While nurses prioritize patients’ needs and best interests, this study demonstrated that personal engagement is considered part of professionalism. However, nurses encounter complex dilemmas in setting professional boundaries. Additionally, these boundaries can either emphasize or de-emphasize the power differential in nurse-patient relationships.
TMS in major depression: A retrospective naturalistic study including two subjective tools
Authors: Pridmore Saxby , Peterson Gregory M. , Rybak Marzena , Byrne Karen , Dillon Tae , Turnier-Shea Yvonne , Naguy Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Objective

To report the outcomes of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment of patients with acute major depressive disorder (MDD), with particular attention to the performance of the individual assessment tools, including two new subjective mood scales.

Methods

Patients with MDD were treated with up to 35 daily TMS sessions. Objective quantification of mood utilised the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D6) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S). Subjective quantification was made using the Subjective Depression Scale (SDS6) and a new Daily Emotion Score (DES) – a single question which is asked daily.

Results

Ninety consecutive patients (58 females; 64.4%) with a mean age of 46.9 years were included. Using HAM-D6 criteria, 51 patients (56.7%) achieved remission. Scores obtained using the different tools correlated well at the same time point, especially at the conclusion of TMS therapy. The only statistically significant independent predictors of remission were the percentage improvement at session 10 (relative to baseline) in the SDS6 ( p = .0026) and in the DES ( p = .043).

Conclusion

The SDS6 was confirmed as a valuable companion for the HAM-D6. The DES correlated with the other subjective tool (SDS6); the latter, in particular, may also have utility in predicting treatment outcome.
Witteveen–Kolk Syndrome With Cleft Palate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Boynuyogun Etkin , Irmak Yusuf , Kara Murat , Ozgur Figen
Published: January 2025

Witteveen–Kolk syndrome (WITKOS) is an exceptionally uncommon genetic and neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by developmental delay, mild intellectual disability, and craniofacial dysmorphic features. Although cleft palate (CP) has rarely been reported in WITKOS, CP in this condition has not been assessed in detail. Here, we present a case of WITKOS with a CP. The patient was a 2-year-old male and he was referred to our clinic with CP and dysmorphic clinical findings. Screening for CP should be considered when a diagnosis of WITKOS is made. CP repair can be performed successfully after neurodevelopmental maturation is complete.
Endoscopic Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis with Plantar Heel Spur Pain: A Combined Suprafascial and Infrafascial Approach
Authors: Arunakul Marut , Samornpitakul Pheemaphol , Chaisiri Warunee , Ratanacharatroj Yingyos , Sasipotiwan Nattapong , Pinitchanon Punnawit , Pitakveerakul Akaradech
Published: January 2025

Background:

To determine whether a combined endoscopic suprafascial and infrafascial approach with medial and lateral portals is a safe and effective technique for the endoscopic treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis with plantar heel spur pain.

Methods:

An interventional, prospective study was conducted. A total of 61 patients with plantar fasciitis with plantar heel spur pain underwent an endoscopic plantar fasciotomy with plantar heel spur resection, using a combined suprafascial and infrafascial approach between January 2018 and August 2022. Preoperative Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were measured. The measurements were repeated at 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and at the final follow up. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative film parameters (Meary angle, calcaneal pitch angle, medial cuneiform–fifth metatarsal height) were compared. Complications were recorded at each encounter.

Results:

The mean follow up time was 2.6 ± 1.1 years. At the 6-week postoperative visit, the mean change in FAAM-ADL, FAAM-Sport, SF-36 physical component summary, SF-36 mental component summary, and VAS were 26.0,19.0, 44.8, 61.2, and −5.8, respectively. These changes were statistically significant ( P < .001). These findings were sustained and generally improved at all other follow-up points: 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and final follow-up. The average period until the recovery of activities of daily living and sport activities were 2.6 and 8.6 weeks, respectively. There were no significant differences between the pre- and 1-year postoperative radiographic values ( P > .05). No cases resulted in medial arch collapse. Five cases (8%) had an injury to the first branch of lateral plantar nerve.

Conclusion:

Endoscopic plantar fascia release and plantar heel spur resection using a combined suprafascial and infrafascial approach resulted in the improvement of postoperative FAAM, SF-36, and VAS scores and involved a low incidence of postoperative complications.
COVID-19 Provider Relief Funds Distribution by Hospital Characteristics
Authors: Rosko Michael D. , Li Kate J. , Al-Amin Mona
Published: January 2025

This study assessed the distribution of Covid Provider Relief Funds (PRFs) to 3,886 private and public general acute care hospitals during 2020–2022. Marginal effects from two-part regression were analyzed. More than 13% of study hospitals did not receive PRFs. Some targeted groups of hospitals, that is, safety-net hospitals and high-impact hospitals (those with high COVID-19 admissions), were the most likely to receive PRFs. Hospitals providing the most uncompensated care, and facilities serving counties with high concentrations of Black or Hispanic populations, were less likely to receive PRFs. Among facilities receiving subsidies, rural, high-impact, safety-net, and financially vulnerable hospitals received more PRFs in relation to their total revenues. Those serving impoverished communities received a larger proportion of PRFs relative to their total revenues, while those in areas with a high concentration of Hispanics received a smaller proportionate subsidy.
Reassessing and updating the air quality-tourism connection
Authors: Qiu Wei-Wei , Zhu Di (Judy) , Chen Ming-Hsiang , Sun Jingrong
Published: January 2025

With recent improvements in air quality in China, it is crucial to revisit the relationship between air quality and tourism. This study expands on Wang and Chen (2021) by using a larger dataset of 100 major tourist cities over a longer timeframe (2004–2019). The nonlinear dynamic panel regression results confirm the existence of an inverted U-shaped effect. However, unlike the previous study, linear dynamic panel regression results indicate that air quality improvements now have a positive impact on domestic tourism, highlighting the success of China’s recent air quality policies. Despite these gains, air quality continues to negatively affect inbound tourism, suggesting it has yet to reach levels deemed acceptable by international visitors. These findings provide valuable insights for shaping tourism policy and strategic planning.
Responding to the client’s self-deprecations in career guidance
Authors: Voutilainen Liisa , Vehvilainen Sanna
Published: January 2025

The paper describes how the client’s self-deprecations are treated in career guidance. While in everyday talk, a preferred response to a self-deprecation is disagreement, the case can be more complex in institutional encounters, considering, for example, epistemic rights to assess the client. Through conversation analysis of video-recorded data, we will show two ways in which career counsellors respond to their client’s self-deprecations: reframing and empathetic listening. In reframing, the counsellor shifts perspective so that the client’s assessment of themselves is presented in more positive or neutral light. In empathetic listening, the counsellor does not respond in the next turn unit after the self-deprecation, but shows nonverbally acknowledgement of it. In these cases, the client may produce the ‘disagreement’ with their self-deprecation by moving to more positive self-attributions. We discuss these practices in relation to Goffman’s concept of face work.
Misalignment modeling and characteristic parameters estimation of a misaligned rotor-bearing assembly: An experimental investigation
Authors: Lal Mohit
Published: January 2025

The present article aims to shed light on rotor misalignment modeling and diagnosis technique. The study comprises three sections. First, it deals with the analytical modeling of a misaligned rotor–bearing assembly beyond the traditional approach. It utilizes Lagrange's equation to acquire the coupled system's mass, stiffness and damping matrices. The inclusion of angular and linear misalignment effect in terms of misalignment matrix to derive system equations of motion is the novelty of the present study. Second, an identification algorithm based on the least squares fit technique is developed to evaluate misalignment and imbalance characteristic parameters. The identification algorithm works on independent forced response data acquired from misaligned rotor-bearing system. Third, using custom-built lab test equipment, the proposed approach is experimentally verified. Under varied misalignment situations, six sets of responses are recorded at each of the four bearing sites at four separate speeds (17, 21, 25 and 31 Hz). The estimated parameters standard deviations are calculated and discovered to be reliable and robust. Under four distinct misalignment conditions (without, pure parallel, pure angular and combined misalignment) the shaft orbit responses at each bearing site are measured and observed that with increasing amounts of misalignment, the amplitude of the orbit response grows.
Digital insurgency: Urban mobilization and grassroots digital knowledge
Authors: Basile Patricia , Sucupira Furtado Lara , Coutinho-Silva Rachel
Published: January 2025

Technical and digital knowledge creation frequently homogenizes and marginalizes specific groups of people, thereby perpetuating oppressive power structures and utilizing technologies as instruments for top-down uneven urban development. The increased reliance on the flow of data facilitated by digital technologies has often reproduced existing inequalities through invisibility, oversimplification, or incomplete data sets. In contexts of urban informality, invisibility is particularly pervasive in self-built communities that are deemed illegible to and by the state and are subjected to neglect and removals, reinforcing historical patterns of oppression, exclusion, and racism in residents’ everyday lives. Similarly, insurgent planning illuminates grassroots efforts challenging systems and structures of oppression to spur change and collective urban rights. In the last few decades, the appropriation of digital tools and resources has allowed communities and movements to redefine their organizing means with digital tools and platforms, producing, expanding, and documenting urban insurgencies. This article puts forward a Digital Insurgency conceptual framework to highlight insurgent processes of knowledge production, organizing, and appropriation of digital and technological means that challenge hegemonic systems of oppression while advocating for collective urban rights. Case studies in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Fortaleza, Brazil, are analyzed through the proposed framework, considering movements’ political foundation, agency, practical implementations, utilization of digital and technological tools, and the crafting of counter-hegemonic narratives. The selected cases demonstrate the robust potential of Digital Insurgency in supporting the struggles for urban collective rights and social and spatial justice through grassroots digitalization of urban insurgency.
‘A little one among giants’: First-generation students transitioning to university in Italy, before and beyond the pandemic
Authors: Romito Marco
Published: January 2025

Research on first-generation students (FGS) has grown in recent decades and has provided an insightful ‘new zone of looking’ to address inequalities in Europe and beyond. Drawing on a qualitative longitudinal study conducted in Italy, this paper explores how a group of FGS lived, experienced and crafted their transition from school to university. By focusing particularly on FGS with less conventional secondary school pathways (i.e. who came from vocational or technical schools), our aim is to highlight the oft-unnoticed mechanisms of exclusion/inclusion that permeate social interactions, routines, taken-for-granted assumptions and the distribution of social worth at university. The paper enriches the literature on FGS in two ways. First, by combining different conceptual tools (Bourdieu and intersectionality), it avoids a widespread tendency to represent FGS as monolithic and deficit-based. Instead, it offers a nuanced understanding of the transition to university for FGS by showing both the mechanisms of exclusion that shape it, but also the resources they mobilize to negotiate the university environment. Second, the paper shows how changes to academic routines due the COVID-19 pandemic opened up new spaces of negotiation with the university field and how these spaces are reshaping how at least some FGS experience university life.
Cyberbullying Victimization and Mental Health Symptoms Among Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Lee Jungup , Choo Hyekyung , Zhang Yijing , Cheung Hoi Shan , Zhang Qiyang , Ang Rebecca P.
Published: January 2025

Cyberbullying victimization and mental health symptoms are major concerns for children and adolescents worldwide. Despite the increasing number of longitudinal studies of cyberbullying and mental health among this demographic, the robustness of the causal associations between cyberbullying victimization and the magnitude of mental health symptoms remains unclear. This meta-analysis investigated the longitudinal impact of cyberbullying victimization on mental health symptoms among children and adolescents. A systematic search identified primary studies published in English between January 2010 and June 2021, yielding a sample of 27 studies encompassing 13,497 children and adolescents aged 8 to 19 years old. The longitudinal association between cyberbullying victimization and mental health symptoms among children and adolescents was found to be weakly positive and consistent across time and age. Three significant moderators were identified: the effect of cyberbullying victimization on mental health was larger among older children, groups with a higher proportion of males, and in more recent publications. No evidence of publication bias was detected. This study adds to the existing body of research by providing a new perspective on the long-term effects of cyberbullying victimization on the mental health of children and adolescents’ mental health. Furthermore, it underscores the necessity of developing effective cyberbullying prevention programs, interventions, and legal regulations to comprehensively address this issue.
Willingness to Pay for Hosting Formula One
Authors: Nielsen Christian Gjersing , Olsen Søren Bøye , Feddersen Arne
Published: January 2025

Following Carson and Groves’s theoretical framework on incentive compatibility in stated preference surveys, we apply the contingent valuation method with a single-bounded dichotomous referendum-style choice question to estimate the willingness to pay to host a Formula One Grand Prix in Copenhagen, Denmark. Based on a sample of 2,268 respondents answering a web-based questionnaire distributed to a random sample of individuals living in Copenhagen through the Danish public digital post system, we find an annual aggregate welfare improvement in the range of €7.36–13.82 million among the 320,825 households in Copenhagen Municipality, with €9.70 million as our central estimate, not considering potential negative welfare changes from hosting.
Present status and future directions of environmental sustainability science of jute agriculture in India: A bibliometric study
Authors: Albugami Humood Fahm , Hossain Saddam , Zaffar Hanan , Ahmad Naved
Published: January 2025

Jute, an important natural fiber crop grown in Southeast Asia, particularly in India, Bangladesh, and Thailand, has received considerable attention because to its superior mechanical characteristics, high cellulose content, affordability, biodegradability, and benefits for the environment. The data obtained from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases from 2004 to 2023, it explores publication trends, active authors, sources, institutions, and countries contributing to the scientific literature. The investigation uses bibliometric tools like Bibliometrix and VOS viewer to map the intellectual structure and research links. The findings show a steady increase in scholarly production, with a noteworthy high in 2022, highlighting growing awareness of jute’s potential as a sustainable substitute for synthetic materials. The finding shows the critical role that Indian contributors and organizations play in developing sustainability study results, as well as worldwide collaborations, especially with nations in South and Southeast Asia. This research illustrates the important of combining traditional knowledge with emerging technology like precision farming and artificial intelligence (AI) to deal with sustainability challenges. It also highlights weakness such a lack of interdisciplinary collaboration and financial support. These findings help to shape sustainable methods in jute agriculture, with implications for protecting the environment and social development.
Brief interventions for travel advice
Authors: Loganathan Shanghavie , Middleton Jo , Heath Jason , Cooper Maxwell
Published: January 2025

Travel medicine is a medical specialty focusing on the prevention and treatment of health issues before, during and after international travel. Services typically include pre-travel advice, vaccinations, prescription medications and post-travel care. Provision of many travel services falls outside NHS funding and is increasingly provided privately by pharmacies and travel clinics. General practice is a first point of contact for some travellers offering an opportunity for GPs to provide advice or to signpost if appropriate to dedicated travel health services. This article will cover travel medicine and use of brief interventions to motivate engagement of patients in behaviour change opportunistically when seeking travel advice.
Association Between Running Characteristics and Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries in United States Military Academy Cadets
Authors: Helton Gary L. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Goss Donald L. , Florkiewicz Erin
Published: January 2025

Background:

Running-related overuse injuries are common among recreational runners; however, there is currently little prospective research investigating the role of running characteristics on overuse injury development.

Purpose:

To investigate the relationship between running characteristics and lower extremity musculoskeletal injury (MSKI).

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

The study included 827 incoming cadets of the class of 2020 at the United States Military Academy. Before cadet basic training, running spatiotemporal parameters (stride length, ground contact time, and cadence) were recorded for each participant, and foot-strike pattern was analyzed. Demographic data were recorded and analyzed as potential covariates. Lower extremity MSKIs sustained over the 9 weeks of cadet basic training were documented. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were estimated, with time to incident lower extremity MSKI as the primary outcome, by level of the independent predictor variables. Risk factors or potential covariates were carried forward into multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results:

Approximately 18.1% of participants incurred a lower extremity MSKI resulting in ≥3 days of activity limitation during cadet basic training. Univariate analysis indicated that participants with the shortest stride length (<133.0 cm) were 39% more likely to incur any lower extremity MSKI and 45% more likely to incur an overuse MSKI than those with the longest stride length (>158.5 cm), and that participants with the longest ground contact time (>0.42 seconds) were twice as likely to incur any MSKI than those with the shortest contact time (<0.28 seconds). After adjusting for sex, weekly distance running 3 months before cadet basic training, and history of injury, multivariate regression analysis indicated that participants with the longest contact times were significantly more likely to incur overuse lower extremity MSKI than those with the shortest contact times (hazard ratio, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.06-4.37). There was no significant difference in risk of MSKI associated with foot-strike pattern or cadence.

Conclusion:

Study participants running with the longest ground contact times were 2.15 times more likely to incur an overuse lower extremity MSKI during cadet basic training than those with the shortest contact times. Also, study participants with the shortest stride length were 45% more likely to incur an overuse MSKI than those with the longest stride length.
Who to revive? Explaining charismatic species bias in the selection of de-extinction candidate species
Authors: Molhuizen Tessa , Beumer Koen , Dorresteijn Ine
Published: January 2025

How are species selected for de-extinction? The implications of de-extinction for restoration ecology greatly depend on the type of species that is resurrected. Several guidelines have been developed that propose selection criteria based on their positive ecological impact. Little is known, however, about how people actually make the choice for a particular species, and whether those guidelines are followed in practice. We systematically investigated what motives play a role in selecting candidate species for de-extinction through the analysis of 18 interviews and 128 online sources on selection processes for ongoing de-extinction projects worldwide. We found that candidate species for de-extinction are selected for a variety of reasons, including non-ecological reasons like animal charisma and personal fascination. We analyse these results using a relational framework from the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge (SSK) that explains priority setting in research by looking at the relations between researchers with funders, users, and public values. We demonstrate that in the case of de-extinction, these relations create an environment in which charismatic species are structurally favoured, possibly at the expense of more ecologically sound species. This complements approaches in evolutionary psychology that explain the endurance of animal charisma by focusing on emotional responses in individuals who are triggered by animals with a ‘cuddle factor’. We argue that even if individuals are able to overcome such emotional triggers, animal charisma as selection criteria will endure because the relations between different actors structurally favour the selection of charismatic species.