bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gluten Intake and Risk of Islet Autoimmunity and Progression to Type 1 Diabetes in Children at Increased Risk of the Disease: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)
Authors: Lund-Blix Nicolai A. , Dong Fran , Mårild Karl , Seifert Jennifer , Barón Anna E. , Waugh Kathleen C. , Joner Geir , Størdal Ketil , Tapia German , Stene Lars C. , Johnson Randi K. , Rewers Marian J. , Norris Jill M.
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE

To study the association of gluten intake with development of islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) follows children with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes. Blood samples were collected at 9, 15, and 24 months of age, and annually thereafter. Islet autoimmunity was defined by the appearance of at least one autoantibody against insulin, IA2, GAD, or ZnT8 (zinc transporter 8) in at least two consecutive blood samples. Using food frequency questionnaires, we estimated the gluten intake (in grams per day) annually from 1 year of age. Cox regression modeling early gluten intake, and joint modeling of the cumulative gluten intake during follow-up, were used to estimate hazard ratios adjusted for confounders (aHR).

RESULTS

By August 2017, 1,916 subjects were included (median age at end of follow-up 13.5 years), islet autoimmunity had developed in 178 participants, and 56 of these progressed to type 1 diabetes. We found no association between islet autoimmunity and gluten intake at 1–2 years of age or during follow-up (aHR per 4 g/day increase in gluten intake 1.00, 95% CI 0.85–1.17 and 1.01, 0.99–1.02, respectively). We found similar null results for progression from islet autoimmunity to type 1 diabetes. Introduction of gluten at <4 months of age was associated with an increased risk of progressing from islet autoimmunity to type 1 diabetes compared with introduction at 4–5.9 months (aHR 8.69, 95% CI 1.69–44.8).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings indicate no strong rationale to reduce the amount of gluten in high-risk children to prevent development of type 1 diabetes.
The Influence of Axial Compression on the Free Vibration Frequencies of Cross-ply Laminated and Moderately Thick Cylinders
Authors: ÇAĞDAŞ İzzet Ufuk
Published: February 2019

In this study, the free vibration behavior of axially
compressed cross-ply laminated composite cylinders is investigated using a
semi-analytical shell finite element based on a consistent first order shear
deformable shell theory, which includes the influences of rotatory inertia and
thickness coordinate/radius ratio. First, a verification study is conducted to
validate the axisymmetric shell finite element used in this study and, for the
non-compressed cases, the free vibration frequencies obtained using the finite
element developed are found out to be in excellent agreement with the published
results found in the literature. The same element is also validated for
first-ply failure analysis and good agreement is observed with the first-ply
failure loads obtained using a shear deformable and curved shell element. Then,
numerical results for free vibration analyses are presented for axially
compressed composite cylinders having different boundary conditions and for
which the level of axial compression is kept below the corresponding linear
buckling and first ply failure loads. It is observed that, the fundamental free
vibration frequencies decrease sharply for axial load levels higher than about
60~80% of the buckling loads of the cylindrical structures considered. It is
also determined that the first-ply failure load is lower than the buckling load
for some of the thicker cylinders.
LPI Based Comparison of Turkey And Mexican Logistics Sector
Authors: YILDIZ Kürşat , TABAK Çağlar
Published: February 2019

Transportation costs are the main
parameters directly affecting the country's economy. This parameter is not only
increasing day by day due to unsustainable fossil fuels, but also brings heavy
burdens to economies. In case of Turkey, logistic strategies had to be
considered inevitably. For this purpose, along general comparison made by
taking the data of logistic performance index (LPI) issued biennially by World
Bank into consideration, Mexico included in the same category in said index has
been taken as the sample and then the logistic sector has been analyzed and
compared. As a result, it was shown that Mexico and Turkey had poor transport
infrastructure, lack of legislation, lack of independent logistics management
and lack of independent port authority. In addition to them, it has been seen
that the railway infrastructure should be less developed than behind the road
infrastructure and the ports should be strengthened with highway-rail
connections. Geostrategically, both countries have a similar structure but also
have lack of data on the logistics sector. It has been asserted that regions
for combined transport in both countries should be identified and logistics
areas should be established.
No Backstage do Marketing da Experiência a Ótica dos Gestores na Aplicação de Estratégias de Marketing de Experiência por Meio de Ações de Patrocínio e Desenvolvimento de Projetos e Eventos
Authors: Cerqueira Alana Vitória Lacerda , Lopes Evandro Luiz , Da Silva Jussara Goulart
Published: February 2019

A pesquisa teve a intenção de identificar a visão estratégica dos gestores no tocante à aplicação prática das ações do marketing da experiência. Nesse estudo o objetivo será descrever a utilização da estratégia de marketing de experiência através do patrocínio e do desenvolvimento de projetos e eventos realizados em quatro organizações distintas.  Buscou-se discutir a a economia da experiência e o marketing experimental e o patrocínio e desenvolvimento de projetos e eventos. É uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo realizado por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com quatro gestores de marketing de grandes organizações. Como resultado, obteve-se que a gestão da experiência está voltada para a ansiedade e anseios por meio do posicionamento de valores, causas e emoções.
Docentes de dos universidades públicas mexicanas ante la integridad académica de sus estudiantes
Authors: Escalante Ferrer Ana Esther , Ibarra Uribe Luz Marina , Pons Bonals Leticia
Published: February 2019

El artículo contribuye a las reflexiones sobre la integridad académica en Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). Se revisan experiencias de docentes de pregrado y posgrado de dos universidades públicas mexicanas, el propósito es conocer si las prácticas que atentan contra la integridad académica disminuyen conforme aumenta el grado de estudios y cuáles acciones implementan los docentes para promover la integridad.Se aborda el concepto de integridad académica y se analiza cómo lo asumen las dos universidades estudiadas en su legislación. Posteriormente se describe la metodología y el análisis de las respuestas de 28 docentes a un cuestionario. Se encontraron sutiles diferencias en el nivel de integridad académica entre estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado y se mencionan las acciones implementas para fortalecerla. Se propone trascender el trabajo aislado de los docentes, así como la concertación de acciones que involucren a autoridades universitarias y a estudiantes para construir una ética institucional.
Nuestro deber internacional. El pacifismo socialista de Vida Femenina, 1933-1943
Authors: Manzoni Gisela
Published: February 2019

En el presente artículo se desarrollan las maneras en que el socialismo interpeló a las mujeres respecto de la guerra y abordó el lugar que ocupaban en la estructura del Partido Socialista de la Argentina. Para ello se rastreó la edición denominada Vida Femenina, una publicación elaborada por el Partido Socialista especialmente dedicada a las mujeres de la sociedad argentina, pese a que su realización no fue exclusivamente femenina, durante el período 1933-1943.
Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Pathways by Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Children with Cerebral Stroke
Authors: Tulyaganova N. M.
Published: February 2019

Objective:to analysis of quantitative and qualitative changes in MR tractography in the diagnosis of structural brain damage in children with stroke.

Materials and methods.We examined 55 children with stroke in different periods between the ages of birth to 6 years (mean age 5.99 ± 1.67 months; Me = 2.0 months.). All patients underwent DTI evaluation by measuring the fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ACD).

Results.During the assessment of the FA in the affected and healthy side of the brain we have revealed a statistically significant (p < 0.001) decrease of indicators of FA and increase of MCD along the corticospinal tracts and at all levels of its passage. In the area of cystic degeneration the value of FA was significantly lower (0.05 ± 0.02) than in the area of gliosis (0.15 ± 0.03). In the area of cystic degeneration ACD was within 2.91 ± 0.44 • 10–3 mm2/s, and in the area of gliosis – 1.49 ± 0.27 • 10–3 mm2/s. Comparison of ACD values depending on the motor deficits showed statistically significant differences between patients with monoparesis, hemiparesis and tetraparesis (p < 0.029).

Conclusion.Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging possible for not only to evaluate the available quantitative and qualitative changes brain pathways in different periods of stroke in children, but also it can predict the growth of motor deficits (in this case fractional anisotropy more sensitive indicator which significantly correlated with functional outcome (p < 0.05) in children with stroke).
Paragangliomas of the Head and Neck: Epidemiology, Radiologic Diagnosis, Treatment
Authors: Kashtanova N. Yu. , Pyatkova I. I.
Published: February 2019

Paragangliomas of the head and neck are extremely rare tumors. During the period of professional activity, a radiologist can meet single patients with parangliomas. So it is important to know the main diagnostic signs when meeting with such patients, вecause on-time diagnosis and treatment contribute to reduce surgical risk. The purpose of this review is to study the most common localizations of paragangliomas of head and neck and describe main visualization characteristics which are necessary for correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Visceral Arteries Aneurysms: Review of the Literature
Authors: Menglibaev M. M. , Stepanova A. S. , Blokhin I. A.
Published: February 2019

Aneurysms of the visceral arteries are a rare pathology, characterized by a combination of asymptomatic disease course with the risk of life-threatening complication – rupture and hemorrhage. Currently, due to availability and extensive use of ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), early and accurate diagnosis of aneurysms of the visceral arteries has become possible. In some cases the pathology is discovered incidentally during examination for other diseases. Development of angiographic and laparoscopic techniques has opened new possibilities in the treatment of visceral arteries aneurysms, i.e. minimally invasive interventions. In this review of the literature, we present current data on epidemiology, etiology, clinical course and treatment of visceral arteries aneurysms with close attention paid to diagnostic problems.
Monolobar Form of Caroli’s Disease with Intrahepatic Stone (Clinical Case)
Authors: Galyan T. N. , Tarba N. S. , Khovrin V. V. , Polizhuk L. O. , Bagmet N. N. , Fisenko E. P.
Published: February 2019

Caroli’s disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by nonobstructive saccular or fusiform dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Two main types of Caroli’s disease are reported, the true type with isolated dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts of single liver segment with formation of stones and development of cholangitis. The second type is combined with a congenital hepatic fibrosis. The true type of Caroli’s disease is distinct from primary sclerosing cholangitis, polycystic disease, cholangiolithiasis and other diseases. This paper presents a literature review and a case of monolobar Caroli’s disease with intrahepatic stones. The difficulties of preoperative differential diagnosis are shown.
The Possibilities of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Recurrent Rectal Cancer and Postoperative Scars
Authors: Otochkin V. V. , Rozengauz E. V.
Published: February 2019

The purpose: to develop differential diagnostic criteria  of recurrence and scarring by using various MRI techniques.

Materials and methods. MRI of the pelvis was performed in 139 patients at different times after removal of colorectal cancer. Recurrence was diagnosed in 48 (34.5%) patients. The shape, size, structure, signal characteristics and the intensity of the accumulation of contrast agent in zones of recurrence and scarring were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups with different types of postoperative MRI pattern of pelvic: patients without scarring in the pelvis, patients with a homogeneous scarring, patients with inhomogeneous scarring. The present  study was compared with MRI data performed in the early  stages after surgery.

Results. The recurrences with typical MR characteristics were so easy to identify and did not require differential  diagnosis. The patients with recurrence occurred in severe  scar process in the pelvis needed for differential diagnosis.  The detection of recurrence and monitoring of patients  without scarring in the pelvis was not difficult. The greatest  difficulties arose during the initial examination of patients  with inhomogeneous scarring. The difficulties in the differential diagnosis occurred at small sizes of recurrence up to 15 mm, making it impossible to assess their structure and  signal characteristics; in the event of relapse in presacral  areas of scarring, the presence of areas of hemorrhage  in the tumor structure.

Conclusions. The presence of severe scar process in the pelvis was the main reason for difficulties in detection and differential diagnosis of recurrence of rectal cancer.
On the Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Confirmed by Biopsy, on the Results of the Two-Dimensional Shear Elastography
Authors: Katrich A. N. , Okhotina A. V. , Ponkina O. N. , Ryabin N. S.
Published: February 2019

The aim:to study of the effect of NAFLD on the results of shear elastography (based on the results of liver biopsy).  

Materials and methods.We have performed outcome analysis in 137 patients, treated from 2015 to 2016. All patients had chronic diffuse liver diseases and were hospitalized for morphological evaluation and diagnosis clarification. Group 1 (n = 117) with no fat changes in the liver parenchyma. Group 2 (n = 20) with steatosis of the liver.  In our work, we used: scanner Aixplorer (France). All patients underwent shear wave elastography (2DSWE) with the study of the quantitative index of stiffness of liver tissue, staging the results on the Metavir scale.

Results.In the 1st group of patients (without steatosis), in the ROC analysis, cutoff values of elasticity were obtained, the diagnostic efficiency of the Metavir stage of fibrosis was the most optimal: for F2 > 6.8 kPa (sensitivity 85.7, specificity 52, 9, AUROC 0.684); For F3 > 8.5 kPa (sensitivity 91, specificity 57.1, AUROC 0.745); For F4 > 14 kPa (sensitivity 95.7, specificity 52.2, AUROC 0.791). It was found, that the presence of steatosis significantly increases the elasticity of the liver tissue. So, in the subgroup sF0 (with steatosis) was a significant increasing of young's module Ме = 11,2 kPa (95% CI 7,3–17,5) compared to Ме = 6,1 kPa (95% CI 5,4– 9,6) in the subgroup F0 (without steatosis) (P = 0,0168, AUROC = 0,741) and up to Ме=9,95 kPa (95% CI 6,8–13,0) in the subgroup sF0 + sF1 (with steatosis) compared with Ме=6,65 kPa (95%CI 5,6–9,5) of the subgroup F0 + F1 (without steatosis) (P = 0.0295, = 0.707). This increase was, respectively, 83,6% and 49.6%  

Сonclusions.This study confirmed the effectiveness of the shear wave elastography method in assessing the relationship between stiffness parameters and the morphological fibrosis of the liver parenchyma and also contributed to the final confirmation of the effect of steatosis on  liver stiffness.
Planning of the Autotransplantation of the Liver to the Patients with Advanced Alveococosis Based on the Multidetector Computed Tomography
Authors: Bashkov A. N. , Voskanyan S. E. , Sheykh Z. V. , Karmazanovsky G. G. , Dunaev A. P. , Popov M. V. , Grigor'eva O. O. , Shikunov D. A. , Orekhova N. V.
Published: February 2019

Aim: to analize computed tomography data while planning autotransplantation of the liver for advanced alveococcosis.

Materials and Methods.A retrospective analysis of the results of multidetector computed tomography of the abdomen and retroperitoneal space of 7 patients with advanced liver alveococcosis was made in order to plan autotransplantation. Besides a description of the location and size of parasitic lesion for each patient relationship with main vessels was evaluated - the inferior vena cava, hepatic and portal veins, hepatic arteries, and the presence of extrahepatic component. The vessel assessed as involved in the pathological process not only in case of clear invasion, but also with abutment because of infiltrative growth of alveococcus. The accuracy of the method was estimated by comparison with the intraoperative data.

Results.The data of computed tomography while the planning of liver autotransplantation coincided with the intraoperative data in all examined patients. The main criteria indicating the need for this type of surgical intervention was the involvement of the retrohepatic part of the inferior vena cava to the caval gates inclusive and/or hepatic veins. With extrahepatic spread of parasitic masses it is possible to affect not only the surrounding organs, but also the main vessels, for example, with growth in the hepatic-duodenal ligament. Thus, in one patient during the operation, the occlusion of artery hepatica propria was confirmed. In two cases of recurrence of the parasitic process after rightsided hemihepatectomy, the almost identical pattern of involvement of the liver resection surface, inferior cava and portal veins, diaphragm, adrenal gland in combination with a extent adhesive process in the right subdiaphragmal space.

Conclusions.CT scan data allowed to correctly plan the volume of operative intervention – autotransplantation of the liver – in all the examined patients. It is of interest to evaluate the accuracy of the method on a larger group of patients.
Magnetic-Resonance Tomography for Anthropometric Value of Kidneys and Adrenals in Prognosis Efficiency of Renal Sympathetic Denervation in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Ryumshina N. I. , Lukyanenok P. I. , Mordovin V. F. , Usov V. Yu.
Published: February 2019

Aim: to evaluate the possible role of contrast-enhanced MRI studies  of the kidneys in prognosis of clinical effect of the renal denervation treatment of the resistant hypertension.

Material and methods. 24 patients (57.8 ± 8.75 years) with  resistant hypertension were included, in everybody the  radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the sympathetic nerves of renal  arteries was carried out. The average 24-h monitor of the arterial  pressure was as 137–210/57–148 mm Hg. The MRI studies were  performed using MRI scanner “Titan Vantage” (by “Toshiba Medical  Ltd”, with the field induction 1.5 Т). After this the intravenous  contrast enhancement has been carried out (with 0.5 М solution, 0.2 ml/Kg), with repeat acquisition of Т1-weighted spin-echo images in3–5 min after contrast injection.

Results.MRI was employed for quantitative calculation of renal  volumes of cortex, medulla and of kidney as total, as well as of  suprarenal’s volume. Significant negative correlation of postoperation decrease of arterial pressure has been detected with both volume of renal cortex, as {Decrease in AP = 42.7–0.35 • (V left kidney)}, and  also with mass of the right suprarenal gland as {Decrease in  SAP = 16.5–6.78 • • (V right suprarenal)}.

Conclusion.The anatomic quantitative data of the preoperativeMRI studies of the kidneys can be employed as prognostic tool in  patients referred to the renal denervation treatment of the resistant hypertension.
Coronary Flow Reserve Assessment in Patients with Cad by Dynamic Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Authors: Mochula A. V. , Zavadovsky K. V. , Andreev S. L. , Krylov A. L. , Lishmanov Yu. B.
Published: February 2019

Purpose: to assess the coronary flow reserve in patients with one,  two and multi-vessel coronary artery diseases by dynamic SPECT  using semiconductor (cadmium-zinctelluride)- based gamma camera.

Material and methods.This work included 42 patients with stable  coronary artery diseases. The first group consisted of 12 (28.6%)  patients with single and two-vessel coronary artery disease (STCAD)  (8 males and 4 females; mean age 61.5 ± 3.8 years) with  intermediate (50–70%) and significant (>70%) coronary artery  stenosis. Second group included 30 (71.4%) patients with multi- vessel coronary artery diseases (MVCAD) (22 males and 8 females;  mean age 60.1 ± 4.3 years) with a lesion >70% in at least 2 major epicardial vessels according to invasive coronary angiography. All patients underwent rest-stress dynamic SPECT as well as conventional myocardial perfusion imaging with 99mTc-MIBI as a radiopharmaceutical. All scintigraphic images were  acquired on the hybrid SPECT/CT unit (GE Discovery NM/CT 570C).  Patient with STCAD underwent invasive FFR detection.

Results.When comparing the results of MPI between the study  groups, there were no significant differences. ROC analysis showed  that the global MFR ≤ 1,42 allows to identify MVCAD with a  sensitivity and specificity 68% and 86,4%, for PSM, these values  are: 39.1% and 86.4% (AUC = 0.655, p < 0.05), respectively  (“gold” standard CAG). The sensitivity and specificity of the regional  MFR to identify the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenoses at a value of <1.33 was 100% (the “gold” standard of FFR). Most likely, high sensitivity and specificity in this case are associated with a small number of patients with true stenoses of FFR.

Conclusion.The performance of standard MPI in combination with  dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography allows to  increase the diagnostic significance of the scintigraphic approach in  the evaluation of myocardial microcirculation disorders in multivessel coronary artery disease. Dynamic SPECT is a promising  method of noninvasive assessment of hemodynamic significance of  coronary artery stenoses.
A Case of Proximal Colon Bowel Volvulus after Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Berezovskaja T. P. , Silanteva N. K. , Nevolskih A. A. , Erygin D. V. , Ruhadze G. O. , Agababian T. A.
Published: February 2019

Colonic volvulus is responsible for 4–5% of all cases of intestinal  obstruction and most often found in the sigmoid colon, in elderly  patients with chronic constipation, where patients develop a large  redundant sigmoid colon and with a violation of diet. Twisting and  compression of mesenteric blood vessels leads to disruption of  intestinal wall nutrition followed by necrosis. Most cases of volvulus  require the surgical treatment. Abdominal radiography (barium  enema, MSCT) is frequently obtained as the initial diagnostic  imaging and has characteristic appearances. We present a case of  MRI diagnosis of the colon volvulus after the closure of the  transverse loop colostomy after low anterior resection for rectal  cancer. The cause of the volvulus was the twisting of the mobilized  part of colon with the mesentery when it was lowered into the pelvis. The protective transverse loop colostomy caused the absence of  clinical manifestations. After its closure patient was present the  clinical features of bowel obstruction and the appearance of MR  symptoms typical for this pathology. A retrospective analysis of MR  tomograms obtained before the closure of the transverse loop  colostomy, allowed revealing of signs of its subclinical ischemia. This  case demonstrates the possibilities of MRI in identifying both the  typical symptoms of colon volvulus and the signs indicating the possibility of colon twisting in patients after low anterior rectal resection, examined before closing the transverse loop colostomy.
Evaluation of Occult Breast Cancer with Automated Breast Volume Sonography (ABVS)
Authors: Efremova M. P. , Gazhonova V. E. , Bachurina E. M.
Published: February 2019

A new method of automatic breast volume ultrasonography (ABVS) brings out new possibilities for the evaluation of occult breast cancer, missed on X-ray mammography due to dense breast glandular tissue. This is primarily due to the opportunity to assess the 3D format of whole breast by one scan with evaluation of a typical for malignancy spicularity or retraction phenomenon, high quality digital imaging technologies that enhance the visualization of retroareolar area, opportunity to work with the image on the working station, in the absence of the patient, the possibility of obtaining comparable scans and use them to monitor pathological formations. We present our own clinical case of occult breast cancer in a patient with a dense glandular background, demonstrating the possibilities of automatic volume sonography.
Nonionic Low-Osmolar Monomeric Iodinated Contrast Material: Some Aspects of use for Computed Tomography in Children
Authors: Kondrashov I. A. , Mandal V.
Published: February 2019

Iodine containing contrast media are used much frequently now-a-days for computed tomography examinations in children. The group of non-ionic monomers occupies a special place among modern contrast agents. Low osmolarity and viscosity, electrical neutrality and the highest iodine content of these contrast materials provide the best diagnostic efficacy with minimum risk of adverse reactions. However, characteristic anatomic and physiological aspects of a growing child’s body require additional attention and care during diagnostic procedures with use of such contrast agents. This article presents concise literature review of recent years highlighting practical aspects of nonionic lowosmolar iodinated contrast material use for computed tomography assisted diagnostic examinations in child population.
Fibrotic Changes in the Myocardium as an Independent Predictor of Rhythm Disturbance in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bazylev V. V. , Karpukhin V. G. , Mikulyak A. I. , Palkova V. A.
Published: February 2019

The aim: to show the possibilities of the method of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection and characterization of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Identify the relationship between the presence of foci of fibrosis in the myocardium of the left ventricle (LV) and the occurrence of arrhythmia.

Materials and methods.The study involved 31 patients with HCM and obstruction of the LV outflow tract, who subsequently underwent Morrose's myoseptectomy. In order to detect abnormalities of rhythm, all patients underwent daily Holter monitoring. The presence and nature of the accumulation of contrast medium was assessed by the MRI method in the early and delayed phases of contrasting.

Results.The use of MRI with contrast enhancement made it possible to identify areas of delayed contrast in the hypertrophied walls of the LV - fibrotic changes in the myocardium. The centers of fibrosis were revealed in 14 (45.2%) patients. In 5 patients (16.1%), there were no cardiac rhythm disturbances in the presence of changes in the myocardium. Multivariate regression analysis of risk factors showed the relationship between the presence of foci of fibrosis in the myocardium of the LV and the occurrence of arrhythmia (p = 0.021). The presence of violation zones of local contractility (p = 0.327) and the thickness of the hypertrophic wall (p = 0.146) have no significant effect on cardiac rhythm disturbance.

Conclusions.The presence of foci of delayed contrast (fibrosis) in the wall of the left ventricle, detected by MRI, increases the chance of arrhythmia in patients with HCM in 12.9 times. MRI with contrast enhancement should be included in the algorithm for diagnosis of HCM, including for evaluating the onset of structural changes in the myocardium.
MODERN POSSIBILITIES OF FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN NEUROIMAGING
Authors: Belyaevskaya A. A. , Meladze N. V. , Sharia M. A. , Ustyuzhanin D. V. , Zashezova М. H.
Published: February 2019

Functional MRI has now become one of the main methods of brain activity imaging. This is the only technique that allows you to analyze brain activity by studying the activation of the local blood flow of the cerebral cortex at rest or in response to any stimulus. Currently, fMRI is not widely used in routine clinical practice, although it has been successfully used in leading neurological and neurosurgical clinics, as well as in scientific research studies for brain activity evaluation. Main goal of using fMRI in clinical practice is preoperative mapping of the brain functions before neurosurgical interventions; however, there are other promising areas of fMRI. This review paper describes the technical aspects of the various fMRI techniques and discusses the possibilities of fMRI in different neurological diseases.
METASTATIC INTRAVENOUS LEIOMYOMATOSIS
Authors: Yadrentseva S. V. , Nudnov N. V.
Published: February 2019

Сlinical case of a rare and poorly studied disease – intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is presented. Presented the literature data and our own clinical case of this rare pathology with dissemination to the v. cava inferior, to the right ventricle of the heart. The radiology semiotics of metastatic intravenous leiomyomatosis is described, the advantages and limitations of the methods of radiation diagnosis are noted. The clinical case is of particular interest, because there is a combination of simultaneous intravenous injury, heart damage and benign metastatic lung injury. The final diagnosis is verified by the data of morphological and molecular-genetic research based on the results of surgical intervention.
PSEUDOPROGRESSION IN A PATIENT WITH ANAPLASTIC EPENDYMOMA AFTER RADIATION THERAPY
Authors: Nudnov N. V. , Zheludkova O. G. , Mnatsakanova I. V. , Sidorova E. V. , Podoksenova T. V. , Shevtsov A. I.
Published: February 2019

Ependymoma is a brain tumor that develops from ependemic cells that lining the inside of all the ventricles of the brain. Ependymomas are twice as likely to appear in the region of the posterior cranial fossa. Pseudoprogression is a change that develops after surgical and/or chemoradiotherapy, caused by vascular changes leading to a transient increase in the permeability of the BBB. These changes coincide with early delayed reactions to radiotherapy and are considered as a subacute reaction of the brain. On MRI, there is a transient occurrence of foci that accumulate contrast for several weeks to 6 months or more after chemoradiotherapy. Dynamic control shows an improvement, which confirms the absence of true tumor growth. Changes take place without specific treatment. In the article, we give a rare clinical observation that shows the importance and effectiveness of dynamic MRI monitoring in differential diagnosis.
CONTRAST-ENHANCED MRI WITH MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER EFFECT IN THE IMAGING OF BRAIN METASTATIC LESIONS
Authors: Ermakova A. A. , Borodin O. Yu. , Sannikov M. Yu. , Koval S. D. , Usov V. Yu.
Published: February 2019

Purpose: to investigate the diagnostic opportunities of contrast magnetic resonance imaging with the effect of magnetization transfer effect in the diagnosis of focal metastatic lesions in the brain.

Materials and methods.The material of the study was images of contrast MRI of the brain of 16 patients (mean age 49 ± 18.5 years). Diagnosis of the direction is focal brain lesion. All MRI studies were carried out using the Toshiba Titan Octave with magnetic field of 1.5 T. The contrast agent is “Magnevist” at concentration of 0.2 ml/kg was used. After contrasting process two T1-weighted studies were performed: without T1-SE magnetization transfer with parameters of pulse: TR = 540 ms, TE = 12 ms, DFOV = 24 sm, MX = 320 × 224 and with magnetization transfer – T1-SEMTC with parameters of pulse: ΔF = −210 Hz, FA(МТС) = 600°, TR = 700 ms, TE = 10 ms, DFOV = 23.9 sm, MX = 320 × 224. For each detected metastatic lesion, a contrast-to-brain ratio (CBR) was calculated. Comparative analysis of CBR values was carried out using a non-parametric Wilcoxon test at a significance level p < 0.05. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the techniques in the detection of metastatic foci (T1-SE and T1-SE-MTC), ROC analysis was used. The sample is divided into groups: 1 group is foci ≤5 mm in size, 2 group is foci from 6 to 10 mm, and 3 group is foci >10 mm.

Results.Comparative analysis of CBR using non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed that the values of the CBR on T1-weighted images with magnetization transfer are significantly higher (p < 0.001) that on T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer. According to the results of the ROC analysis, sensitivity in detecting metastases (n = 90) in the brain on T1-SE-MTC and T1-SE was 91.7% and 81.6%, specificity was 100% and 97.6%, respectively. The accuracy of the T1-SE-MTC is 10% higher in comparison with the technique without magnetization transfer. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between the size of the foci detected in post-contrast T1-weighted images with magnetization transfer and in post-contrast T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer, in particular for foci ≤5 mm in size, were found.

Conclusions.1. Comparative analysis of CBR showed significant (p < 0.001) increase of contrast between metastatic lesion and white matter on T1-SE-MTC in comparison with T1-SE. 2. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the magnetization transfer program (T1-SE-MTC) in detecting foci of metastatic lesions in the brain is significantly higher (p < 0.01), relative to T1-SE. 3. The T1-SE-MTC program allows detecting more foci in comparison with T1-SE, in particular foci of ≤5 mm (96% and 86%, respectively, with p < 0.05).
PREOPERATIVE RADIOLOGIC EVALUATION OF BRONCHO-PLEURAL FISTULA AS PREPARATION FOR TRANSSTERNAL MAIN BRONCHIAL STUMP OCCLUSION
Authors: Pechetov A. A. , Gritsiuta A. Yu. , Davydenko P. I.
Published: February 2019

Objective:retrospective assessment of preoperative radiologic evaluation of patients with chronic pleural empyema and bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy and its influence on the choice of transsternal main bronchial stump occlusion as definitive surgical treatment.

Methods.From April 2005 to December 2016 in A.V. Vishn evsky Institute of Surgery 25 patients with chronic pleural empyema (>12 weeks from the onset of the disease) and bronchopleural fistula (BPF) after pneumonectomy were treated. The main methods of preoperative diagnosis were fibrobronchoscopy and multispiral computed tomography. The results of treatment of BPF after pneumonectomy by transsternal bronchial occlusion as a method of choice were retrospectively analyzed.

Results.Depending on the length of the bronchial stump and the diameter of the BPF, evaluated with CT, patients were divided into two groups. In 9 (36%) patients with bronchial stump length ≥20 mm and BPF diameter ≥3mm performed transsternal bronchial closure. In 16 patients (64%) with short (less than 20 mm) bronchial stump BPF was covered with muscle flap (87.5%) or omental flap transposition (12.5%) was done. Perioperative mortality rate was 2 (8 %) of 25 (95% CI: 2.2–24.9) cases due to ARDS and severe sepsis in muscleflap group. Recurrence rate was 2 (12.5%) of 16 (95% CI: 3.5–36) patients in control group vs no recurrence rate in basic group according to 18–110 months follow up.

Conclusion. Radiologic methods are the gold standard in the diagnosis of pleural empyema with BPF. A differential approach based on the assessment of risk factors (the etiology of empyema, length of the stump of the main bronchus, diameter of bronchial fistula and initial state of residual pleural cavity) makes it possible to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with BPF.
COMPARISON OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY WITH INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND IN EVALUATION OF CORONARY PLAQUES PARAMETERS
Authors: Shariya M. A. , Shabanova M. S. , Veselova T. N. , Merkulova I. N. , Mironov V. M. , Gaman S. A. , Ternovoy S. K.
Published: February 2019

Purpose.To determine the possibilities of coronary CT-angiography (CTA) in evaluation of qualitative and qualitative parameters of coronary plaques in comparison with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

Matherials and methods.37 patients (29 men, 8 women) with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were included in the study. Unstable angina was detected in 24 patients, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) – in 13 patients. Averageage was 58 [44; 65] years. CTA had been performed as the first method of beam diagnostics in all cases if it was not necessary to use the emergency selective coronary angiography (CAG). IVUS was performed in one, two or three coronary arteries of every patient. Total, 60 coronary lesionsin 55 arteries were examined with IVUS. IVUS data was compared with CTA data.

Results.Methods well correlated in detection of plaque burden (r = 0.823; p < 0.0001), plaque length (r = 0.932, p < 0.0001), remodeling index(RI) (r = 0.906; p < 0.0001). Sensitivity and specificity of CTA in detection of irregular contour was 96.1% and 88.9% (area under ROC-curve 0.925), positive remodeling – 100% and 97.4% (area under ROC-curve 0.974). CTA and IVUS in evaluation of spotty calcinates was not coincide in 9 plaques, sensitivity and specificity of CTA in detection of 71% and 100% (area under ROC-curve 0.855).Discussion.Comparison of CTA and IVUS was performed in evaluation of plaques features in patients with ACS. This analysis showed high comparability of methods for evaluation of coronary stenosis degree, RI, plaque burden, length and contour. Thus, the characteristics of plaques according to CTA data can be used to stratify the risk of development of ACS.

Conclusion.CTA – fast non-invasive method of coronary plaques evaluation. CTA correlates well with IVUS.
Cholangiocarcinoma: classification and staging
Authors: Shchegolev A. I. , Tumanova U. N. , Karmazanovsky G. G. , Mishnev O. D.
Published: February 2019

The main classifications of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) are currently the TNM classification, as well as the Bismuth–Corlette and MSKCC classifications. The criteria of T, N and M categories and characteristics of the stages of cholangiocarcinoma of the proximal and distal bile ducts, which are specified in the modern 8th edition of the international TNM classification, are presented. TNM classification is the most common for the development of treatment methods and the determination of disease prognosis. The Bismuth–Corlette classification, which characterizes the CC of the bile ducts in the region of the gate of the liver, is used to determine the type and volume of surgery. MSKCC classification of the CC of proximal bile ducts is designed to assess the prognosis of resectability, the risk of metastases and long-term survival of patients.
Standartization of ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs in women
Authors: Ozerskaya I. A.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. In Russia, there has been no research comparing data obtained by ultrasound scanners of different firms, with a comprehensive assessment of pelvic organs in women.Purpose of the study. Compare the results of the study of the internal genitalia of healthy women, obtained on devices from Philips and GE Healthcare. Materials and methods. A comparison of the results of pelvic ultrasound examination in healthy patients of reproductive age (18–45 years), conducted on the expert level devices of GE Healthcare (Austria) and Philips (Netherlands) by the same doctor. Each group consisted of 30 people (15 women in the first and second phase of the cycle). Age did not have significant differences (p > 0.05). Organometry (uterine volume, endometrial thickness, ovarian volume), dopplerometric parameters of blood flow in uterine arteries, such as maximum systolic and average blood flow rate (Vmax, Vmean), uterine artery diameter, arterial perfusion index (API) was calculated, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization-flow index (VFI) of the uterus and endometrium were obtained in 3D Doppler.Summary. When implementing new techniques should study the information about this method and rely on the regulatory parameters obtained on the devices of similar firms.
U-SWATH: An innovative USV design towards the extended ship
Authors: Bruzzone G , Odetti A , Bibuli M , Caccia M , Campana E F , Lugni L
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
OCEANIDS: Building Next Generation Maritime Autonomous Systems
Authors: Furlong M , Marlow R , McPhail S , Munafo A , Pebody M , Phillips A , Roper D , Salavasidis G
Published: February 2019

Oceanids is a 4-year programme for the technological development of innovative Maritime Autonomous System (MAS) platforms and associated sensors that will include next generation robotic AUVs, sensors and networks to undertake ambitious, long-range, long-endurance deployments in extreme and hazardous environments, such as the deep ocean or under-ice environments. This paper describes the design of two new types of robotic AUVs, the Autosub 2000 Under-Ice and the Autosub Long Range 1500 vehicles that are being developed under the programme. Two key components of the AUVs are described, the autonomy framework and the navigational system, which relies on a newly developed terrain-aided navigation (TAN) system. At-sea results of the TAN are also reported as obtained during long duration operational deployments done in 2017.
A Practice Based Chronic Pain Management Registry (CPMR): Structure and Content of Proposed Patient and Patient/Provider Platforms
Authors: Langley Paul
Published: February 2019

Previous commentaries in the Formulary Evaluation section of INNOVATIONS in Pharmacy have pointed to the difficulties of establishing the credibility of trial-based and modeled claims for therapy interventions. Claims for interventions in the management of chronic pain are no exception. To meet this challenge, the Chronic Pain Management Registry (CPMR) has been designed to provide an evidence base for physician practices and health care decision makers to evaluate the impact of pain management interventions. The purpose of this commentary is to detail the development, structure and content of the CPMR in two versions: (i) a patient response version and (ii) a combined patient/provider response version. The CPMR has a potentially critical role to play in providing a framework for the effective auditing of practice compliance in the prescribing and monitoring of opioids in the management of chronic pain. The CPMR tracks, with on-line input from the patient and the treating physician, the process and outcomes of therapy interventions. These reports cover the overall pain experience of patients as well as pain intensity and functional status by eleven specific pain locations, covering both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Prior to each practice visit patients complete reports which are entered to the CPMR with a summary transmitted to the physician practice. Over time, these reports track the cumulative response to therapy as well as the perception of the patients as to whether or not the therapy has led to any substantive improvement in activity limitations, symptoms and quality of life. A particular focus of the CPMR is on monitoring and evaluating the experience with, and impact of opioid medications, to include the effectiveness of opioid formulations on reducing pain intensity and improving functional status, including an intensive assessment of the potential for and experience of opioid substance abuse for individual patients. The CPMR can also support monthly reports to the practice to summarize patient throughput, the response to care by target pain patients and profiles of opioid use and abuse. The CPMR can be customized to meet the needs of individual practices.

 

Article Type: Commentary
APLIKASI LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN METODA BIOPORI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.) BELUM MENGHASILKAN
Authors: Tambunan Demson Saputra , Nelvia Nelvia , Amri Al Ichsan
Published: February 2019

The wider the area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia, the more palm oil mills will process more oil palm fruit bunches and produce waste one of them is liquid waste. The amount of liquid waste that is more and more if not treated properly will cause environmental pollution. The research aim to study the effect of liquid waste of oil palm factory (LWOPF) with biopori method to the growth of immature oil palm plant. The experiment was conducted in oil palm plantation of Agricultural Faculty of Riau University from May to July 2017. The experiment was arrange drandomized complete design consisting of 13 treatments (without LWOPF; 5; 7.5 and 10 liters LWOPFeachapplied in 1, 2, 3 and 4 biopore/plants), each repeated three times.The parameters observed were plant height, number of midrib, length of midrib, number of leaves, width and length of leaves. The results showed that the application ofLWOPF dose 7.5 liters applied in 4 biopore holes / plants increased addition the number of midrib and the leaves, the width and length of the leaves compared to without LWOPF and the highest than another treatment, but the addition of plant high increased at doses 7.5 liters in 3 biopore/plant and highest than another treatment.Key words : Liquid Wastes of Oil Palm Factory, Biopore Holes, Oil Palm Plants
HUBUNGAN ANTARA FAKTOR PENYEBAB DENGAN KEKAMBUHAN PADA PENYALAHGUNA NARKOBA DI YAYASAN MAHA KASIH KUNINGAN TAHUN 2013
Authors: Pranatha Aria
Published: February 2019

Penyalahgunaan Narkoba terjadi akibat penggunaan zat yang disalahgunakan pemakaiannya, sehingga menimbulkan efek ketergantungan. Penyalahguna Narkoba dapat direhabilitasi dan dilakukan upaya pemulihan. Penyalahguna Narkoba yang telah direhabilitasi maupun masa pemulihan memungkinkan kembali menggunakan Narkoba (kambuh). Penyebab kekambuhan dapat disebabkan oleh tiga faktor, yaitu faktor individu, keluarga dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor penyebab dengan kekambuhan pada penyalahguna Narkoba di Yayasan Maha Kasih Kuningan.

Penelitian termasuk jenis analitik, dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penyalahguna Narkoba yang berada di Yayasan Maha Kasih Kuningan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling yaitu sebanyak 61 orang. Data penelitian diambil melalui kuesioner. Data diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman Test.

Hasil analisis univariat menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 54,1% individu penyalahguna Narkoba memiliki kepribadian yang melanggar, sebanyak 85,2% sikap keluarga terhadap penyalahguna Narkoba mendukung, dan sebanyak 78,7% masyarakat dapat menerima penyalahguna Narkoba berada di lingkungannya. Uji hipotesis menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dalam derajat kuat (r = 0,777) antara faktor individu dengan terjadinya kekambuhan, terdapat hubungan yang positif dalam derajat kuat (r = 0,651) antara faktor keluarga dengan terjadinya kekambuhan, dan terdapat hubungan positif dalam derajat sedang (r = 0,533) antara faktor lingkungan dengan terjadinya kekambuhan pada penyalahguna Narkoba di Yayasan Maha Kasih Kuningan.

Diharapkan bagi para penyalahguna Narkoba agar dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan berusaha terus untuk hidup sehat tanpa Narkoba, serta dapat mencegah terjadinya kekambuhan, dengan mengalihkan perhatian pada kegiatan-kegiatan positif.