bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La mirada del ángel sobre el tiempo detenido: poética y política en Raymond Carver
Authors:   Investigador y escritor independiente, Islas Herrera Emmanuel
Published: March 2023

En el presente texto me interesa esbozar dos breves apuntes sobre Raymond Carver, uno de carácter político, y el otro, poético, para ensayar una tímida —e íntima— respuesta de por qué su producción literaria en la corriente del realismo sucio nos resulta, a algunos, tan profunda. Para ello, mi indagación se resume a dos simples cuestiones: ¿sobre qué escribe?, ¿cómo lo hace? Para dar respuesta a la primera cuestión, retomo el concepto de "tiempo extraordinario" de la vida en Bolívar Echeverría, y, en seguida, para responder la segunda, lo cruzo con la tesis benjaminiana del Ángel de la Historia, y echo mano, sobre todo, de la forma en que dicho ángel observa hacia el pasado. Así, propongo que la producción literaria de Raymond Carver accede al "tiempo extraordinario" de la vida, al que, en términos de poética, observa con la mirada del ángel, es decir, desde una perspectiva de conjunto, y por eso sus cuentos alcanzan tanta profundidad y verosimilitud.
El imposible Onetti: una mirada de y a Fernando Curiel
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Mexico, García Pérez David
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo destaca el profundo acercamiento que a la obra de Juan Carlos Onetti -el agudo y muy observador narrrador uruguayo- hizo nuestro recientemente fallecido investigador Fernando Curiel Defossé, cuya originalidad en las investigaciones que nos legó, oscilaciones entre el análisis literario penetrante en hibridación con lo que podemos llamar la "savia de la literatura", son muestra de su rigor como investigador y prueba del ejercicio de una lectura espinosa, original, arriesgada, de difícil paralelo, como la que el otrora miembro destacadísimo de nuestro Instituto hace a la novela El pozo (1939). De esta novela se nos da cuenta de los tópicos que permiten calibrar la profundidad de cada uno de los detalles diseminados aquí y allá a lo largo del análisis que Defossé le realizó para recuperar la esencia temática la obra, a saber, de manera preponderante, el "malestar existencial".
Las primeras aventuras del folletín en México
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Mexico, Geraldo Camacho Diana Vanessa
Published: March 2023

Al igual que en Francia y España, en México la novela nacional se consolidó a partir de su estrecho vínculo con el periodismo y al uso fluctuante de la presentación de las obras, ya fuera en folletín o por entregas. Sin los periódicos y su circulación, la novela de folletín no hubiera logrado posicionarse en el lugar privilegiado que alcanzó durante el siglo XIX, centuria en la que se fusionó la prensa con la literatura en una amalgama armoniosa y muy fructífera. Por supuesto que la novela no fue la única beneficiada, ya que también el periodismo se revitalizó con la creación literaria. Para los escritores de esa época, el ensayo político y la crónica social, por ejemplo, también eran apreciados como valiosos ejercicios literarios.
On measures of social support for large families (on the example of Orenburg region)
Authors: Khamidullin Nail
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the study is determined by the logic of the development of post-Soviet Russia and the special significance of the search for optimal methods and ways to implement social policy. The main objective of the article is to analyse the measures of social support for large families at the regional level. The study is based on comparative-functional, institutional and systemic methods that allow characterising and determining the significance of social support measures for families after the birth of a third child. The complex application of these methods enables understanding of the functional and dynamic features of measures of social support for large families at the regional and local levels. The main results of the study led to conclusion that social poli cy is one of the priority areas in the activities of the Russian state. It was revealed that large families occupy an important place in solving demographic problems, since the total birth rate is largely determined by the birth of a second and subsequent children in Russian families. It is demonstrated that active work is being carried out at the regional level in order to implement the privilege legislation of the Russian Federation to provide social support to large families. At the same time, there is a gap between the possibilities of various regions and local self-governments. It has been established that the implementation of social policy by the Ministry of Social Development of the Orenburg Region is carried out on the basis of the effective use of the financial resources of the federal and regional budgets in accordance with the obligations taken and the real possibilities for their implementation. Decline in the birth rate due to the outbreak of coronavirus infection is identified as the main social problem. Analysis of the information carried out in the course of the study indicates that significant financial support from the federal level is required. The study substantiates the necessity of the development and the legislative approval of additional measures of social support for large families both at the federal and regional levels, as well as expansion of the use of business opportunities, social partnerships and public formations.
The use of information and communication technologies in teaching reading in English to students of an agrarian university
Authors: Gevorgyan Arsen G. , Skripnikova Tatyana I.
Published: March 2023

The question of the use of information and communication technologies in teaching students of technical universities to read authentic texts in English is raised. The subject of the study was multimedia technologies in teaching reading in English to students of an agrarian university in the classroom. The purpose of the study was to provide a justification for the effectiveness of the use of information and communications technology in teaching reading English texts, as well as the study of information and communications technology on the example of the domestic iSpring Suite 11 program. Using the survey and observation method, as well as the systematization of available data within the framework of our question, and based on experience, it was concluded that the use of modern interactive multimedia technologies increases motivation to learn a foreign language, and also has a positive effect on the results of students. The analysis of the papers on our issue showed that the use of presentations in the classroom increases the level of cognitive activity, enhancing visual perception among students, and facilitates the assimilation of educational material. Teachers are invited to actively introduce information and communications technology into the processes of classroom and extracurricular work. The use of programs based on the Microsoft PowerPoint functional base is recommended. The importance of teaching reading as one of the leading types of speech activity in the preparation of graduates of agrarian universities is emphasized. The practical application of the results can be used in teaching a foreign language in a non-linguistic university.
Comprehensive model of foreign-language teaching system in higher military school
Authors: Vanyagina Marina R.
Published: March 2023

To build a system of foreign language education in military universities using the modeling method, it is necessary to take into account all the key aspects of professionally-oriented subject training. A model of the system of foreign language education at the higher military school, including interrelated modules, is proposed: resource-normative (prerequisites, regulatory framework); axiological-target (concepts, goals, functions); theoretical-methodological (approaches and principles); content-technological (educational and professional communicative situations, content, technologies); procedural and evaluative (stages, levels of language proficiency, assessment indicators). The main structural elements of the model are described: functions (communicative, educational, ideological, informational, social, cultural, integrating, developing); approaches (competence, communicative, personal-activity, socio-cultural and others); content (language, speech, thematic and competence components); technologies (mnemonic circuits, design, gaming, problem-search, digital); language proficiency levels (low, elementary, basic, high advanced), etc. This model allows us to comprehensively consider the process of foreign language learning as a single set of interrelated elements and, based on this, manage the learning process.
Adaptive physical culture in psychohymnastics for persons with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Begidova Tamara P. , Ageeva Natalia V. , Petrova Irina V.
Published: March 2023

The results of a pedagogical experiment on the application of the methods of psychohymnastics with elements of physical exercises by persons with intellectual disabilities are presented. The changes in their condition that have occurred are shown. The object of the study is the process of adaptive physical education of persons with intellectual disabilities. The subject of the study is the method of using adaptive physical culture in the psychogymnastics classes of persons with intellectual disabilities. It is proved that the use of physical exercises in psychohymnastics classes increases the level of physical fitness and psycho-physiological state of persons with intellectual disabilities. The temporal and economic efficiency of the applied methods is substantiated. The developed methods has shown the effectiveness of the educational process of persons with intellectual disabilities in the implementation of physical fitness and psychological state. Methods can be used by specialists in adaptive physical culture and rehabilitation in educational institutions and in institutions of additional education.
Rise and Fall of Caribbean Mangroves
Authors: Rull Valenti
Published: March 2023

Mangrove forests, which are essential for the maintenance of terrestrial and marine biodiversity on tropical coasts and constitute the main blue-carbon ecosystems for the mitigation of global warming, are among the world’s most threatened ecosystems. Mangrove conservation can greatly benefit from paleoecological and evolutionary studies, as past analogs documenting the responses of these ecosystems to environmental drivers such as climate change, sea level shifts and anthropogenic pressure. A database (CARMA) encompassing nearly all studies on mangroves from the Caribbean region, one of the main mangrove biodiversity hotspots, and their response to past environmental shifts has recently been assembled and analyzed. The dataset contains over 140 sites and ranges from the Late Cretaceous to the present. The Caribbean was the cradle of Neotropical mangroves, where they emerged in the Middle Eocene (~50 million years ago; Ma). A major evolutionary turnover occurred in the Eocene/Oligocene transition (34 Ma) that set the bases for the shaping of modern-like mangroves. However, the diversification of these communities leading to their extant composition did not occur until the Pliocene (~5 Ma). The Pleistocene (the last 2.6 Ma) glacial-interglacial cycles caused spatial and compositional reorganization with no further evolution. Human pressure on Caribbean mangroves increased in the Middle Holocene (~6000 years ago), when pre-Columbian societies began to clear these forests for cultivation. In recent decades, deforestation has significantly reduced Caribbean mangrove cover and it has been estimated that, if urgent and effective conservation actions are not undertaken, these 50 million-year-old ecosystems might disappear in a few centuries. A number of specific conservation and restoration applications based on the results of paleoecological and evolutionary studies are suggested.
Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals
Authors: Migdal Alexander
Published: March 2023

We study the Kelvinons: monopole ring solutions to the Euler equations, regularized as the Burgers vortex in the viscous core. There is finite anomalous dissipation in the inviscid limit. However, in the anomalous Hamiltonian, some terms are growing as logarithms of Reynolds number; these terms come from the core of the Burgers vortex. In our theory, the turbulent multifractal phenomenon is similar to asymptotic freedom in QCD, with these logarithmic terms summed up by an RG equation. The small effective coupling does not imply small velocity; on the contrary, velocity is large compared to its fluctuations, which opens the way for a quantitative theory. In the leading order in the perturbation theory in this effective coupling constant, we compute running multifractal dimensions for high moments of velocity circulation, in good agreement with the data for quantum Turbulence and available data for classical Turbulence. The logarithmic dependence of fractal dimensions on the loop size comes from the running coupling in anomalous dimensions. This slow logarithmic drift of fractal dimensions would be barely observable at Reynolds numbers achievable at modern DNS.
Energy Based True Definition of Cosmic Red Shift and Quantum Halt of the Current Universe Having Light Speed Rotation
Authors: Seshavatharam U. V. Satya , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: March 2023

We appeal the science community to review the basic definition of wavelength dependent cosmic red shift. We would like to emphasize the point that, the true cosmic red shift must be defined as the ratio of loss in energy of photon to the energy of photon at galaxy. In terms of wavelength, photon red shift must be defined as the ratio of change in wavelength to the observed wavelength of photon. Considering the recent paper pertaining to cosmic halt authored by Cosmin Andrei, Anna Ijjas, and Paul J. Steinhardt and reviewed by Saul Perlmutter, in this paper we propose a very simple model of the universe having early stage light speed expansion and current stage quantum halt accompanied by light speed rotation. In this context, representing early cosmic expansion and rotation as an outward spiral, it seems possible to consider Hubble’s law as a representation of current cosmic rotation having no further expansion. To understand the current cosmic halt, we are proposing very simple and very strange atomic and nuclear relations that constitute Hubble parameter and gravitational constant. It needs further study, observations and analysis.
Prospective Evaluation of the Weekend Effect on Mortality Outcomes in Aortic Dissection
Authors: Banceu Cosmin , Harpa Marius , Brinzaniuc Klara , Neagu Nicolae , Szabo Dan Alexandru , Banceu Diana , Oprean Marvin , Al Husseim Hussam , Cristutiu Daiana , Stan Alexandru Antoniu , Neamtu Halic Marius , Suciu Horatiu
Published: March 2023

Aortic dissection (AD) is a critical heart condition with potentially severe outcomes. Our study aims to investigate the existence of a "weekend effect" in AD by examining the correlation between patient outcomes and the timing of their treatment during weekdays vs weekends. Specifically, we assessed prospectively the effects of the timing of treatment on patient outcomes for acute aortic dissection, both before surgical intervention and during hospitalization, as well as during the follow-up period. The mean age of the study population used here was 62.5 years with a high degree of variability. We recorded a rate of mortality before surgery of 8.65% for the weekend group and 15% for the weekday group, with no significant differences noted in the results of statistical tests. During hospitalization, mortality was found to be 50% (n=52) in the weekend group and 25% (n=5) in the weekday group, again with no significant differences observed in the results of the same statistical tests. Patient mortality after discharge was 9.61% (n=10) in the weekend group and 5% (n=1) in the weekday group. Our findings suggest that there is no significant difference in mortality rates between patients admitted to the hospital on weekends versus weekdays. Therefore, the period of the week when a patient presents to the hospital with aortic dissection appears to not affect their mortality outcomes.
Mediation Effects of Social Cognition on the Relationship between Neurocognition and Social Functioning in Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia
Authors: Uchino Takashi , Okubo Ryo , Takubo Youji , Aoki Akiko , Wada Izumi , Hashimoto Naoki , Ikezawa Satoru , Nemoto Takahiro
Published: March 2023

Background: In schizophrenia (SZ), social cognition mediates the relationship between neurocognition and social functioning. Although people with major depressive disorder (MDD) also exhibit cognitive impairments, which are often prolonged, little is known about the role of social cognition in MDD. Methods: Using data obtained through an internet survey, 210 patients with SZ or MDD were selected using propensity score matching based on their demographic information and illness duration. Social cognition, neurocognition, and social functioning were evaluated using the Self-Assessment of Social Cognition Impairments, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire, and Social Functioning Scale, respectively. The mediation effects of social cognition on the relationship between neurocognition and social functioning were examined in each disease group. Invariances of the mediation model across the two groups were then analyzed. Results: The SZ and MDD groups had mean ages of 44.49 and 45.35 years, contained 42.0% and 42.8% women, and had mean illness durations of 10.76 and 10.45 years, respectively. In both groups, social cognition had significant mediation effects. Configural, measurement, and structural invariances across the groups were established. Conclusion: The role of social cognition in patients with chronic depression was similar to that in schizophrenia. Social cognition could be a common endophenotype for various psychiatric disorders.
The Influence of Wild Ungulates on Forest Regeneration in an Alpine National Park
Authors: Fluri Jeannine , Anderwald Pia , Korner-Nievergelt Fränzi , Wipf Sonja , Amrhein Valentin
Published: March 2023

Browsing of wild ungulates can have profound effects on the structure and composition of forests. In the Swiss National Park, the density of wild ungulates including red deer (Cervus elaphus), ibex (Capra ibex), and chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) is exceptionally high due to strict protection and the absence of large predators. We examined count data of larch (Larix decidua), cembra pine (Pinus cembra), spruce (Picea abies), upright mountain pine (Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata), and mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia) of four sampling years between 1991 and 2021 and modelled how different topographic and location factors affected the probability of browsing on saplings of larch, cembra pine, and spruce. Despite the high density of wild ungulates, the numbers of saplings and young trees increased over the past 30 years. The probability of browsing on saplings was highest for larch at a height of 10 – 40 cm and increased with increasing elevation. In our study area, open grasslands are mainly located above the tree line, which might explain the positive correlation between elevation and the probability of browsing. Other factors like exposition and slope, available food resources and disturbance by humans did not have clear effects on the probability of browsing.
Thrombosis of Transverse Cerebral Venous Sinus Secondary to Vaccine ChAdOx1-S (Recombinant) First Report in Southamerica
Authors: Dulcey Luis , Theran Juan , Blanco Edgar , Ciliberti Maria Paula , Gutierrez Laura Nathalia , Herran Fonseca Catalina , Martinez Juan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Adverse events related to vaccines are reactions that can lead to serious complications, in the present that we live at the publication of this article with the need to generate high rates of vaccination have been presented in the case of vaccine agents against COVID-19 adverse events, with thrombotic events being the most important. Case Presentation: This is a 37-year-old female patient who presents 11 days after ChAdOx1-S vaccination against COVID-19 presents with intense headache associated with symptoms of intracranial hypertension, she was initially taken to simple cranial tomography showing presence of cerebral edema and indirect signs of cerebral venous thrombosis, it is proposed to carry out cerebral angiography which showed the presence of thrombosis of both transverse venous sinuses, no hypercoagulability states were found in the laboratories, the immunological tests carried out for antiphospholipid syndrome were negative, the thrombotic event was associated with the ChAdOx1-S vaccine, later the patient was taken to thrombectomy by Neuroradiology, achieving complete channeling of both transverse venous sinuses. Conclusions: Adverse events associated with vaccination have been described with multiple vaccine agents, this component against COVID-19 is also an event to consider, knowing the pathophysiology of these events is essential to be able to reduce these risks and select the least risky agent. Despite this risk, vaccination remains the only cost-effective measure to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19.
Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Perak Menggunakan Ekstrak Buah Mangrove Rhizophora stylosa
Authors: Willian Nancy , Pardi Hilfi , Arief Syukri
Published: March 2023

Nanopartikel perak menampilkan sifat fisik dan biologis yang unik yang telah menarik minat penelitian karena aplikasi yang menjanjikan. Pada penelitian ini, proses fabrikasi nanopartikel perak(AgNPs) dilakukan dengan metode green sintesis menggunakan tanaman mangrove dengan pelarut air. Ekstrak buah mangrove Rhizophora stylosa (RS) pertama kali digunakan sebagai reduktor dan stabilizer dalam sintesis AgNPs. Karakteristik AgNPs ditentukan dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD dan TEM. Analisis spektrum UV-vis menunjukkan panjang gelombang pada 430 ‒ 445 nm. Studi FTIR mengungkapkan adanya senyawa fitokimia aktif yang bertindak sebagai zat penutup dan penstabil nanopartikel. TEM menunjukkan morfologi AgNPs yang ditemukan berbentuk bola dengan ukuran diamter sekitar 10 ‒ 60 nm. Pola XRD menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel AgNPs yang diperoleh memiliki struktur face-center cubic (fcc) yang menegaskan bahwa nanopartikel bersifat padatan kristalin dengan ukuran kristal 38 ‒ 77 nm. Studi ini membuktikan kemampuan biomaterial dalam sintesis AgNPs dengan mengadopsi prinsip sintesis hijau.

Fabrication and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Mangrove Fruit of Rhizophora stylosa. Silver nanoparticles display unique physical and biological properties that have attracted research interest because of their promising applications. In this research, silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)  fabrication process was carried out via green synthesis methods using mangrove plants and water as a solvent. Mangrove fruit extract Rhizophora stylosa (RS) was first used as a reducing agent and stabilizer in the synthesis of AgNPs. The characteristics of AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and TEM spectrophotometers. UV-vis spectrum analysis showed a peak at 430 ‒ 445 nm. FT-IR studies revealed the presence of active phytochemical compounds which act as coating agents and stabilizers for nanoparticles. TEM showed that the morphology of AgNPs was spherical with a diameter size of 10 ‒ 60 nm. The XRD patterns showed that all of the AgNPs sample obtained had a face-center cubic (fcc) structure, indicating that the nanoparticles are crystalline solids with a crystallite size of 38 ‒ 77 nm. This study proves the ability of biomaterials in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by adopting the principle of green synthesis.
Penambatan Molekuler Senyawa Aktif Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) pada Butirilkolinesterase sebagai Kandidat Antialzheimer
Authors: Putri Rahmadi Ganesha , Safithri Mega , Husnawati Husnawati , Kurniasih Rini
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer adalah salah satu penyakit neurodegeneratif kronis dan menjadi penyakit yang sering dialami oleh orang lanjut usia. Perubahan yang terjadi dari penyakit Alzheimer, yakni penurunan fungsi kognitif, memori, dan perubahan perilaku secara permanen. Senyawa aktif pada daun sirih merah memiliki kesamaan kandungan dengan daun sirih hijau untuk menghambat butirilkolinesterase (BChE). Butirilkolinesterase adalah salah satu enzim yang berperan dalam penanganan penyakit Alzheimer dikaitkan dengan terbentuknya Alzheimer, yakni hipotesis kolinergik. Penelitian dilakukan menguji daya inhibisi senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam daun sirih merah terhadap aktivitas butirilkolinesterase melalui pendekatan simulasi penambatan molekuler. Penelitian menggunakan dua metode, yakni penggabungan penapisan virtual dan penambatan molekuler sebagai tahapan awal pengembangan daun sirih merah terhadap aktivitas penghambatan butirilkolinesterase. Hasil dalam penelitian diperoleh, daya inhibisi terbaik ditemukan pada 1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptazacycloicosane sebesar 0,4888 µM dan energi bebas pengikatan sebesar -8,6 kkal∙mol-1. Residu yang berperan dalam menghambat butirilkolinesterase, yakni pada pengikatan substrat oleh ligan uji, yakni Tyr-332 dan Trp-82. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber referensi dalam menemukan alternatif pengobatan penyakit Alzheimer. 

Molecular Docking of the Active Compound of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) on Butyrylcholinesterase as an Antialzheimer's Candidate. Alzheimer's is a chronic neurodegenerative disease often experienced by the elderly. Changes that occur from Alzheimer's disease such as permanent decline in cognitive function, memory, and behavioral changes. The active compounds in red betel leaves have similar contents with green betel leaves to inhibit butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Butyrylcholinesterase is an enzyme that may play an important role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease associated with the formation of Alzheimer's, the cholinergic hypothesis. The study tested the inhibition power of the active compounds contained in red betel leaves against the activity of butyrylcholinesterase through a molecular docking simulation approach. The method in the study used the merger of virtual screening and molecular docking as the initial stage for the development of red betel leaves against the inhibitory activity of butyrylcholinesterase. The result in the study found the best inhibitiron power was found at 1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptazacycloicosane of 0.4888 µM and binding free energy of -8.6 kkal∙mol-1. The residues that play a role in the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase on substrate binding by test ligands were Tyr-332 and Trp-82. The research result can be used as a reference in finding alternative treatments for Alzheimer's disease. 
Türkiye’de Hizmetler Sektörü İstihdamı ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖZGÜN Fergül
Published: March 2023

Ekonomik büyümenin sürdürülebilir hâle getirilmesi ve istihdamın artırılması, ekonomi politikalarının temel amaçlarındandır. Kavramlar arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanması ve ilişkinin hangi yönde ilerlediğinin tespit edilmesi, bu amaçların gerçekleştirilmesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Günümüzde toplam istihdam içinde hizmetler sektörünün payı, tarım ve sanayi sektörlerinin toplam payını aşmış durumdadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada ekonomik büyüme-istihdam ilişkisi sektörel açıdan ve Türkiye örneği üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Hizmetler sektöründe istihdam edilenlerin toplam istihdam içindeki payı ve zincirlenmiş hacim endeksine dayalı GSYİH değerleri doğrultusunda yapılan analizde yöntem olarak Engle-Granger eşbütünleşme analizi ve Granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. 1998-2021 yılları arasını kapsayan analiz, değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin var olduğunu ve ekonomik büyümeden hizmetler sektörü istihdamına doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisini yansıtmaktadır.
Short-Term Neck Pain After Posterior Foraminotomy Compared with Anterior Discectomy with Fusion for Cervical Foraminal Radiculopathy
Authors: Simões de Souza Nádia F. , Broekema Anne E.H. , Soer Remko , Reneman Michiel F. , Groen Rob J.M. , van Dijk J. Marc C. , Tamási Katalin , Kuijlen Jos M.A. ,   on behalf of the FACET Investigators
Published: March 2023

Background:

Short-term neck pain after posterior cervical foraminotomy (posterior surgery) compared with anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (anterior surgery) treating cervical radiculopathy has only been assessed once, retrospectively, to our knowledge. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the course of neck pain for 6 weeks after both treatments.

Methods:

This is a secondary analysis of the multicenter Foraminotomy ACDF Cost-Effectiveness Trial (FACET), conducted from January 2016 to May 2020. Of 389 patients who had single-level, 1-sided cervical radiculopathy and were screened for eligibility, 265 were randomly assigned to undergo posterior surgery (n = 132) or anterior surgery (n = 133). The primary outcome of the present analysis was neck pain, assessed weekly for 6 weeks using the visual analog scale (VAS), on a scale of 0 to 100. The secondary outcomes were arm pain, neck disability, work ability, quality of life, treatment satisfaction, motor and sensory changes, and hospital length of stay. Data were analyzed with mixed model analysis in intention-to-treat samples using 2-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

In the first postoperative week, the mean VAS for neck pain was 56.2 mm (95% CI, 51.7 to 60.8 mm) after posterior surgery and 46.7 mm (95% CI, 42.2 to 51.2 mm) after anterior surgery. The mean between-group difference was 9.5 mm (95% CI, 3.3 to 15.7 mm), which gradually decreased to 2.3 mm (95% CI, −3.6 to 8.1 mm) at postoperative week 6. As of postoperative week 5, there was no significant difference between groups. Responder analyses confirmed this result. Secondary outcomes showed small differences between groups.

Conclusions:

Insight into the course of neck pain during the first 6 weeks after posterior compared with anterior surgery is provided. Despite initially more neck pain after posterior surgery, patients swiftly improved and, as of postoperative week 5, results similar to those after anterior surgery were observed. Our findings should enable improved patient counseling and enhanced shared decision-making between physicians and patients with cervical radiculopathy, where more neck pain in the first postoperative weeks should be balanced against the benefits of posterior surgery.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Glossary of Hydrogeology
Authors: Sharp John M.
Published: March 2023

A glossary of key terms and concepts in hydrogeology and closely related fields, including hydrology, geology, soils, engineering, biology, public administration, law, economics, and others.
Generación, acumulación e impactos de los residuos plásticos en el suelo y agua
Authors:   , Condori Santivañez Danyely Anyery
Published: March 2023

Los residuos plásticos son dispuestos inadecuadamente en el ambiente, parte de los suelos, ríos y mares vienen siendo afectados negativamente por la falta de control. Este problema trae consigo sociedades insatisfechas, así como animales condicionados a compartir sus hábitats con la abundancia de plásticos, de la misma forma afecta al ambiente en general donde las condiciones de vida son más deficientes. En los años cincuenta se ha iniciado la generación en gran abundancia de plásticos y derivados, esta producción masiva trajo consigo los desechos plásticos que al pasar el tiempo se han ido acumulando en los suelos y mares sin poder controlarlos. Desde sus inicios el plástico ha tenido diferentes usos desde bolsas de mercado hasta ser parte de estructuras de vehículos. El plástico está compuesto por monómeros y algunas sustancias derivados del combustible fósil que son expuestos a una reacción química en la cual se forma la resina o también conocida como polímero. El polímero o resina plástica tiene como función principal proporcionar una estructura a los plásticos, además para poder lograr un producto final es necesario agregarle sustancias químicas que le brinden brillos, texturas diferenciadas, dureza, color, estabilidad, entre otros. El nivel de riesgo que puede ocasionar al ambiente es bajo, sin embargo, por su abundancia en el ambiente puede ocasionar alteraciones en las condiciones ambientales ya que el plástico es un material lento en degradarse.
Inserción de la harina de moringa orgánica para combatir la desnutrición, anemia y enfermedades respiratorias en Lima Sur
Authors:   , Choquenaira Huayllani Adath
Published: March 2023

El árbol de la moringa se origina en la India, mayormente crece en climas tropicales y subtropicales, a temperatura media específicamente entre 12,6 y 40 ºC (Roloff et al 2009). El suelo para su desarrollo es arenoso, puede pasar hasta seis meses en períodos de sequía, pero su desarrollo se da cuando llueve (Shahzad , 2005). De acuerdo con sus propiedades de este milagroso árbol en el Perú debe ser usado para combatir la desnutrición. Según la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica de Salud (ENDES) en el año 2013, en su informe dio a conocer que uno de tres niños que tenga de 6 hasta 59 meses presenta anemia en un 34%, presentándose más en las zonas rurales en comparación con la zona urbanas. (More, 2017). Es importante resaltar; la gran composición de nutrientes de la Moringa se presenta más en las hojas, siendo el consumo en los alimentos tradicionales, para ayudar a la población rural e indígenas, quienes son más vulnerables las mujeres embarazadas y niños (Curazi & Lorena 2017).
Calidad arquitectónica de espacios educativos y su relación comunitaria: I.E. 6100 Santa María Reyna, Quebrada Verde, Pachacamac, Lima - Perú
Authors:   , Vásquez Santos Maryori Dayana
Published: March 2023

Este artículo sistematiza estándares básicos de calidad arquitectónica para espacios físicos educacionales, desarrollados en base a guías nacionales e internacionales que son útiles para el diseño de nuevos espacios educativos que busquen relacionarse con su entorno físico natural. Se analiza el IE 6100 Santa María Reyna en Pachacamac, Lima, Perú, zona de borde urbano relacionado con un sistema de lomas denominado “Lomas de Lúcumo”, identificando características específicas del diseño de aulas, mobiliario, flexibilidad espacial, materialidad y eficiencia y confort, además de su nivel de relación con la comunidad denominada Quebrada Verde. La metodología es descriptiva, analítica y correlacional siendo el instrumento fundamental la guía de observación. Se concluye que el centro educativo no posee espacios educativos de calidad, generando un atraso en la libre extensión de actividades que desarrollan los usuarios.
Plan de negocios para la comercialización del aplicativo móvil para perros "Dog in love" en Lima Moderna
Authors:   , Tejada Bonilla Frida Luz , Huarcaya Ortega Karoline Janelí
Published: March 2023

DOG IN LOVE es una aplicación móvil de descarga gratuita que tiene como principal objetivo, ayudar a aquellos amantes de perros que buscan una pareja o vida social para su mascota. Este aplicativo tendrá tres opciones de búsqueda, la opción” NOVIO (A),” SOLO AMIGOS `` y ''MONTA `` de esta manera solo podrán visualizar a los posibles candidatos de acuerdo a sus filtros de búsqueda. El público objetivo para este proyecto son aquellas personas que designan parte de sus ingresos en gastos para hacer sentir bien a sus perros, así mismo, son personas que les interesa relacionarse con otros Doglover con la finalidad de tener una comunicación directa pueden intercambiar ideas y experiencias acerca de los cuidados de salud y bienestar para sus mascotas. La suscripción de este aplicativo tiene un costo de 14.70 soles mensuales y a cambio de este monto puedes crearle un perfil personalizado a tu mascota y puedes conocer más de los otros perros que atrae tu atención. La inversión será de S/20,339.00 nuevos soles para el desarrollo de la app Dog In Love, se va a considerar un capital de S/26,948.00 nuevos soles. En el 2025 las ventas se incrementan a S/204,839.00 con un COK de 12% y un TIR económico de 34% siendo conveniente el negocio.
Relación entre el diagnóstico de sarcopenia e infecciones urinarias en pacientes mayores de 60 años durante el año 2019
Authors:   , Jara Rios José Alejandro , Ramos Morales Brenda Gabriela
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre la enfermedad de “Sarcopenia” e “infección del tracto urinario” en pacientes mayores de 60 años, según tres definiciones operacionales regidas por los criterios de diagnóstico validados. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal analítico retrospectivo. Análisis secundario de base de datos. La población de estudio la conformaron los participantes del análisis de “Validación de la medida de fuerza de prensión de puño con dinamometría digital en adultos mayores, Lima - Perú”. El criterio de selección fue considerar a todos quienes formaron parte del estudio descrito previamente. Se excluyeron aquellos sin información contributaria para la creación de las variables “Sarcopenia” e “infección urinaria”. Se evaluó dicha asociación mediante la prevalencia del antecedente de “infecciones urinarias” en los pacientes con el diagnóstico de “Sarcopenia” confirmado. Se realizó un análisis bivariado entre las tres definiciones operacionales consideradas. Resultados: La cantidad de 50 pacientes fueron evaluados, en donde se encontró una frecuencia de sarcopenia que osciló entre 18% y 22%, pues se definieron mediante tres tipos de criterios operacionales. Además, encontramos que en los pacientes sarcopénicos se evidencia una frecuencia de infecciones del tracto urinario con un promedio y desviación estándar de 0.78 ± 0.97, respectivamente. Y con una relación de asociación estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones: El promedio de infecciones del tracto urinario fue mayor en los pacientes con sarcopenia y/o sarcopenia severa, pero, estos resultados variaron según la definición de sarcopenia que se utilizó.
COVID-19 Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Azagew Abere Woretaw , Beko Zerko Wako , Ferede Yohannes Mulu , Mekonnen Habtamu Sewunet , Abate Hailemichael Kindie , Mekonnen Chilot Kassa
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a potentially fatal form of respiratory failure among COVID-19 patients. Globally, there are inconsistent findings regarding acute respiratory distress syndrome among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate the pooled prevalence of acute respiratory syndrome among COVID-19 patients

Methods

We have accessed previous studies through an electronic web-based search strategy using PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library with a combination of search terms. The quality of each included article was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa assessment Scale for cross-sectional studies. All statistical analyses were done using STATA version 14 Software for Windows, and meta-analysis was carried out using a random effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane Q statistics and I-Square (I2), and the publication bias was detected based on the graphic asymmetry of funnel plot and/or Egger’s test.

Results

Out of 645 studies screened, 11 studies with 2845 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the proportion estimation. The overall pooled prevalence of ARDS was found to be 32.2%(95% CI = 27.70%-41.73%). The heterogeneity test (I2) of the study was 97.3% with p value < 0.001. The study indicates there is a considerable variability across the studies. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were computed to detect the effect of variation. Furthermore, the publication bias was evaluated then after the trim and fill analysis was conducted.

Conclusion

The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 induced acute respiratory distress syndrome was found to be high, which needs a global effort to combat its morbidity and mortality. Therefore, both the governmental and non-governmental organizations better give emphasis on COVID-19 prevention.
Graphs with convex balls
Authors: Chalopin Jérémie , Chepoi Victor , Giocanti Ugo
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we investigate the graphs in which all balls are convex and the groups acting on them geometrically (which we call CB-graphs and CB-groups).These graphs have been introduced andcharacterized by Soltan and Chepoi (1983) and Farber and Jamison (1987). CB-graphs and CB-groups generalize systolic (alias bridged) and weakly systolic graphs and groups,which play an important role in geometric group theory. We present metric and local-to-global characterizations of CB-graphs. Namely, we characterize CB-graphs G as graphs whose triangle-pentagonal complexes are simply connected and balls of radius at most 3 are convex. Similarly to systolic and weakly systolic graphs, we provea dismantlability result for CB-graphs G: we show that their squares G^2 are dismantlable. This implies that the Rips complexes of CB-graphsare contractible. Finally, we adapt and extend the approach of Januszkiewicz and Swiatkowski (2006) for systolic groups and of Chalopin et al. (2020) for Helly groups, to show that the CB-groups are biautomatic.
Characterizing provider-led adaptations to mobile phone delivery of the Adolescent Transition Package (ATP) in Kenya Using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Implementation Strategies (FRAME-IS): a mixed methods approach
Authors: Mangale Dorothy Imbuka , Onyango Alvin , Mugo Cyrus , Mburu Caren , Chhun Nok , Wamalwa Dalton , Njuguna Irene , Means Arianna Rubin , John-Stewart Grace , Weiner Bryan J. , Beima-Sofie Kristin
Published: March 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruptions to routine HIV services for youth living with HIV (YLH), provoking rapid adaptation to mitigate interruptions in care. The Adolescent Transition to Adult Care for HIV-infected Adolescents (ATTACH) study (NCT03574129) was a hybrid I cluster randomized trial testing the effectiveness of a healthcare worker-delivered disclosure and transition intervention – the Adolescent Transition Package (ATP). During the pandemic, HCWs leveraged phone delivery of the ATP and were supported to make adaptations. We characterized real-time, provider-driven adaptations made to support phone delivery of the ATP.
Methods: We conducted continuous quality improvement (CQI) meetings with healthcare workers (HCWs) involved in phone delivery of the ATP at 10 intervention sites. CQI meetings used plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles and were audio-recorded. Adaptations were coded by two-independent coders using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Implementation Strategies (FRAME-IS). Adaptation testing outcomes (adopt, retest or abandon) and provider experience implementing the adaptations were also recorded. We summarized adaptation characteristics, provider experience and outcomes.
Results: We identified 72 adaptations, 32 were unique. Overall, adaptations included modification to context (53%, n=38), content (49%, n=35), and evaluation processes (13%, n=9). Context adaptations primarily featured changes to personnel, format and setting, while content and evaluation adaptations were frequently achieved by simple additions, repetition, and tailoring/refining of the phone delivery strategy. Nine adaptations involved abandoning, then returning to phone delivery. HCWs sought to increase reach, improve fidelity, and intervention fit within their context. Most adaptations (96%, n=69) were perceived to increase the feasibility of phone delivery when compared to before the changes were introduced, and HCWs felt 83% (n=60) of adaptations made phone delivery easier. Most adaptations were either incorporated into routine workflows (47%) or tested again (47%).
Conclusion: Adaptation of phone delivery was a feasible and effective way of addressing challenges with continuity of care for YLH during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adaptations were primarily context adaptions. While FRAME-IS was apt for characterizing adaptations, more use cases are needed to explore the range of its utility. Incorporating for a strategy for tracking outcomes within FRAME-IS may further our understanding of how adaptations influence implementation.
Trial Registration: Trial registered on clinicaltrial.gov as NCT03574129.
Increasing and Decreasing Soft RoughSet Approximations
Authors: El-Sheikh S. A. , Kandil S. A. , Hussien S.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents a novel method for generating increasing and decreasing soft rough set approximations that addresses limitations of a previous approach by Shawkat et al. [3], which su ered from issues such as the modi ed soft lower approximation not being equal to the universe set and the modi ed soft upper approximation being empty. The proposed method is described through propositions and examples and can be applied to both qualitative and quantitative real-world problems. It is compared to the classical soft rough set model and aims to improve accuracy by converting partial ordered relations to linear ordered relations, such as directed or total directed relations, where every subset becomes crisp. The concepts and results are illustrated through examples. Overall, the new method o ers a generic solution that addresses the shortcomings of the previous approach and can improve the accuracy of soft rough set approximations in various domains.
Mathematics Subject Classi cation (2020): 03C55, 03E04, 54G20 and 92C50.
Identifying Key Genes for Diabetic Kidney Disease by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Xu Yushan , Li Lan , Tang Ping , Zhang Jingrong , Zhong Ruxian , Luo Jingmei , Lin Jie , Zhang Lihua
Published: March 2023

Background
There are no reliable molecular targets for early diagnosis and effective treatment in the clinical management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). To identify novel gene factors underlying the progression of DKD.
Methods
The public transcriptomic datasets of the alloxan-induced DKD model and the streptozotocin-induced DKD model were retrieved to perform an integrative bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by two experimental animal models. The dominant biological processes and pathways associated with DEGs were identified through enrichment analysis. The expression changes of the key DEGs were validated in the classic db/db DKD mouse model.
Results
The downregulated and upregulated genes in DKD models were uncovered from GSE139317 and GSE131221 microarray datasets. Enrichment analysis revealed that metabolic process, extracellular exosomes, and hydrolase activity are shared biological processes and molecular activity is altered in the DEGs. Importantly, Hmgcs2, angptl4, and Slco1a1 displayed a consistent expression pattern across the two DKD models. In the classic db/db DKD mice, Hmgcs2 and angptl4 were also found to be upregulated while Slco1a1 was downregulated in comparison to the control animals.
Conclusions
In summary, we identified the common biological processes and molecular activity being altered in two DKD experimental models, as well as the novel gene factors (Hmgcs2, Angptl4, and Slco1a1) which may be implicated in DKD. Future works are warranted to decipher the biological role of these genes in the pathogenesis of DKD.