bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Business Location on the Income of Fruit Traders in Baolan District, Tolitoli Regency
Authors: Ramlawati  , Hilmi  , Abdul Rajab
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of business location on the income of fruit traders in Baolan District, Tolioli Regency. The method used is a quantitative method with data collection techniques through questionnaires. The sample taken amounted to 30 respondents. The analysis tool uses SPSS for windows 26. Which includes validity test, reliability test, simple linear regression and product moment correlation. Based on the results of research and discussion, it is concluded that the correlation value is 0.601. This indicates that there is a unidirectional relationship between business location and income. And it can be stated that the correlation between variable X (Business Location) and Variable Y (Revenue) is strong and positive. the coefficient of determination is: r² = 0.36. This shows that the effect of business location on the income of fruit traders in Baolan District, Tolitoli Regency is 36%. The steps that should be taken by traders are: traders should be able to further increase the selection of more strategic locations with the aim of increasing income.
Hope and Resilience Mediate Relationship between Stress and Satisfaction with Life of Teachers amid COVID-19 Crisis in the Philippines
Authors: Cahapay Michael B. , Bangoc II Nathaniel F.
Published: December 2022

Psychological outcomes play a vital role in the stress and satisfaction with life (SWL) of people amid novel situations. Set in the context of emergency remote education amid the global COVID-19 crisis, this study was carried out with the overall purpose to assess whether hope and resilience mediate the relationship between stress and SWL of teachers. A survey was conducted in a sample of 2272 teachers from Mindanao, Philippines. Adapted scales were used to gather the needed data through a structured online survey questionnaire. The result of the analysis demonstrated that stress has a significant and negative predictive effect on hope, resilience, and SWL. On the other hand, hope and resilience generated significant and positive predictive effects on SWL. The result of mediation analysis proved that hope and resilience significantly mediated the relationship between stress and SWL. These pieces of evidence suggest that hope and resilience are important psychological resources that can decrease the negative impacts of COVID-19 experiences such as stress on the SWL of the teachers.
Technical Note For A Dataset of U.S. School Bus Fleets
Authors: Lazer Leah , Freehafer Lydia , Wang Jessica
Published: December 2022

This technical note describes the methods used to create a dataset of the composition of school bus fleets in the United States. The dataset contains data from 46 states and the District of Columbia, with information including the school district that the school bus serves, its model year, fuel type, manufacturer, seating capacity and ownership model. WRI researchers compiled the dataset by submitting records requests to state governments between March and November 2022.
POR QUE NÃO DESISTI? COM A PALAVRA, OS DISCENTES DO CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: CARVALHO DANIELE DA ROCHA , OLIVEIRA RIDALVO MEDEIROS ALVES DE
Published: December 2022

Em um contexto psicossocial de cobranças internas e externas por êxito e produtividade, o temor do insucesso acadêmico se torna um problema presente em todas as instituições de ensino superior do país e do mundo. Os fatores que provocam o que se categoriza como “insucesso” estão associados tanto a problemas relacionados à universidade, quanto a questões de cunho pessoal. O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar, a partir da perspectiva dos estudantes, os principais fatores que provocam o insucesso acadêmico nos alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Em relação à metodologia, este estudo se classifica como pesquisa descritiva, a partir de uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa com uso do Iramuteq. O método utilizado na abordagem do procedimento do estudo foi de levantamento, uma vez que os dados para a pesquisa foram obtidos por meio de questionário aplicado diretamente aos alunos do referido curso. A pesquisa foi realizada com alunos do 4o ao 8o semestre, obtendo uma amostra de 73 respostas para a análise dos dados. A partir da análise das respostas obtidas, foi demonstrado que os principais fatores para a evasão são a frustração por o curso não superar as expectativas; o tempo para conciliar trabalho e aulas; e a falta de estímulo dos professores. Por outro lado, um dos principais motivos para continuar frequentando a graduação foi ter o título de bacharel, ao qual, muitos alunos vinculam o sucesso profissional.
PROPAGANDA, MÍDIA E EDUCAÇÃO: O DISCURSO OFICIAL E PUBLICITÁRIO SOBRE A REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO DE 2017
Authors: ORTEGA ANDRÉ RANDAZZO , HOLLERBACH JOANA DARC GERMANO
Published: December 2022

O presente texto traz os resultados de uma pesquisa que analisou propagandas sobre a reforma do Ensino Médio de 2017. Foram utilizadas técnicas de análise documental e de conteúdo com uso do software Iramuteq de exame de textos à luz de matriz bibliográfica amparada nos principais eixos do materialismo histórico dialético. Identificou-se a existência de dois eixos contidos nas propagandas: a defesa de que a Lei nº 13.415/17 traz vigor e ares de renovação e novidade ao Ensino Médio, por um lado, ao passo em que, por outro, a exaltação de uma suposta liberdade de escolha por parte dos educandos pela trajetória curricular de acordo com suas ambições, desejos e metas pessoais para o futuro, o que aumentaria a satisfação destes com a experiência escolar. Entretanto, defendemos que o discurso oficial e publicitário sobre a Lei nº 13.415/17 apresenta um conteúdo falacioso, que distorce e manipula o conteúdo do texto legal, sendo que o objetivo principal dos anúncios é garantir as condições de implementação de uma reforma educacional que convém àqueles interessados na manutenção do status quo social, no qual uma elite domina e dirige a sociedade, controlando a produção e o grande capital, relegando ao conjunto restante da sociedade uma realidade socioeconômica totalmente adversa na qual nem mesmo a educação é garantida para todos de forma igualitária.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: INCLUSÃO DE ESTUDANTES COM AUTISMO NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR
Authors: SILVA JOELMA SANTANA REIS DA , BEZERRA MARIA APARECIDA DANTAS
Published: December 2022

É notório que as leis constitucionais estão adentrando na conquista dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, dificuldades neurológicas e transtornos, onde chegam a perpassar na legislação brasileira, a conquista de direitos, para garantir nas políticas públicas educacionais o acesso e permanência de todos estudantes a serem incluso no recinto escola, deixando a inexistência da segregação e integração, elencando ao público do contexto escolar os estudantes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) em salas regulares. Alinhando-se, a uma reflexão efetiva no processo de inclusão dos estudantes com TEA nas salas regulares, enfatizando-se a importância de que verdadeiramente vem diante das lutas sociais a inclusão e não meramente uma integração em sala de ensino regular. A pesquisa dispõe de contribuições pertinentes de alguns autores, que fomentam o desenvolvimento da construção reflexiva do presente estudo, possibilitando ao campo de pesquisa uma breve entrevista com docentes da educação básica que contribuem mediante indagações, na perspectiva de uma escola inclusiva. Apresenta-se uma temática bastante discutida entre docentes no contexto educacional, onde torna-se relevante, mesmo sabendo que ainda há uma busca de informações para encontrar as ações e métodos de ensino mediante as suas habilidades.
A PARCERIA PÚBLICO-PRIVADA COMO CATEGORIA REVELADORA DA SUBMISSÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO AO MERCADO
Authors: CÊA GEORGIA SOBREIRA DOS SANTOS , SILVA SANDRA REGINA PAZ DA SILVA
Published: December 2022

Diante da crise do capital, o estreitamento das relações entre Estado e mercado se intensifica e as políticas sociais são cada vez mais orientadas pela lógica gerencial, típica do mundo empresarial. Partindo da indagação sobre como esse processo se manifesta na educação, este trabalho objetiva apreender a parceria público-privada como uma categoria que revela importantes aspectos do movimento de submissão da educação – especialmente a educação pública – à lógica do mercado. Trata-se de uma discussão teórica, orientada por uma perspectiva teórico-metodológica crítico-dialética, que se ancora, fundamentalmente, em referenciais teóricos, em diálogo com evidências empíricas de pesquisas desenvolvidas na última década sobre parcerias público-privadas em educação. O ponto de partida da discussão é a explicitação da intrínseca relação entre crise do capital, reconfiguração do Estado moderno e sentido atribuído às políticas sociais, incluindo as de educação. Na sequência, a parceria público-privada é incialmente tomada como um conceito, até ser apresentada e discutida como uma categoria reveladora da submissão da educação ao mercado, com base em movimentos do real. Como principais conclusões, o estudo aponta a importância da compreensão e da apreensão da parceria público-privada como categoria para inquirir as políticas educacionais, assim como indica desafios para os campos da pesquisa e dos movimentos sociais diante das ameaças postas para a educação pública pelo avanço das forças de mercado no setor.
A ATUAÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO REFERÊNCIA DO IPOJUCA: REFLEXÕES SOBRE A “LIDERANÇA” E A GESTÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO MUNICIPAL
Authors: FREITAS JÚLIO CÉSAR RUFINO DE
Published: December 2022

Os estudos sobre políticas educacionais e curriculares, como discursos e como textos, tem contribuído para o avanço qualitativo no panorama teórico e empírico de análise de políticas. Nesses contextos, são múltiplos os produtores de textos e discursos, com poderes assimétricos, que incorporam novos sentidos e significados às práticas nas instituições educacionais. Neste artigo utiliza-se a perspectiva teórico-metodológica do Ciclo de Políticas e da Teoria da Atuação, para analisar como a política incorpora os sentidos da prática (BALL, 2006, 2011; BALL; MAGUIRE; BRAUN, 2016). Diante desses referenciais, busca-se analisar a atuação do Currículo Referência do Ipojuca, em relação a gestão pública educacional, compreendendo as relações da “liderança” na Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SME), a partir das dimensões contextuais na análise de políticas. Para atender ao objetivo da pesquisa, realizou-se a Análise Textual Discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2011) nos documentos de políticas do município do Ipojuca-PE. Os resultados revelam que a “liderança”, constituída na ação política, transcende à estrutura, ao mesmo tempo em que só pode agir porque esta mesma estrutura se constitui por meio da indecidibilidade. Assim, apesar da política sofrer com as restrições, do contexto situado, do contexto material e do contexto externo, e com os discursos ambivalentes, sua atuação depende dos papéis assumidos pelos atores, que buscam por meio do currículo municipal e do planejamento estratégico da SME colocar a política em cena.
Preliminary screening, identification and biological characteristic analysis of Bacillus probiotics isolated from Cynoglossus semilaevis
Authors: Gao Zhao , Zhang Yonggang , Wang Qinglin , Ren Hai , Gao Guisheng , Jin Xiaomin , Fang Hai
Published: December 2022

To screen local probiotic strains to promote antibiotic-free farming, two potential probiotic strains (S3, S5) were recognized among 89 cultivable bacterial strains isolated from the intestine of healthy Cynoglossus semilaevis. The two potential probiotic isolates were analyzed in terms of their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, the similarity of 16S rDNA sequences, growth characteristics, enzyme production capacity, bacterial antagonism, and safety in C. semilaevis. The results revealed that the bacterial morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of S3 and S5 were similar to those of Bacillus subtilis. The 16S rDNA sequences had 99.9 % similarity to that of Bacillus subtilis MH 145363.1. Therefore, S3 and S5 were identified as B. subtilis. In addition, we found that S3 and S5 had a strong ability to secrete amylase, protease, and lipase. During the safety tests of S3 and S5 in C. semilaevis with high concentrations, C. semilaevis in immersion, injection, and feeding groups remained in good condition without falling ill or dying. Moreover, we found that S3 and S5 exhibited superior growth at 25~50℃, salinities of 10 to 40, and pH values of 5 to 9. Furthermore, S3 and S5 had significant bacteriostatic activity against Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, and Shewanella algae, which are the main pathogenic bacteria of mariculture fish. In summary, S3 and S5 showed superb inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria of marine fish, rapid growth, eurythermal and euryhaline features, and suitability for the intestinal environment of C. semilaevis. Thus, strains S3 and S5 have excellent commercial development potential. These results provide a basis for ecological disease prevention strategies and are also valuable for developing and utilizing probiotics.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients with Schizophrenia in Singapore
Authors: Lee Jimmy , Nurjono Milawaty , Wong Audrey , Salim Agus
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Schizophrenia has been associated with an increased risk of cardio-metabolic morbidity and mortality. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a reliable predictor of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality, has also been shown to be more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of MetS in a sample of patients with schizophrenia in Singapore, and the potential risk factors associated with it. Materials & Methods: One hundred patients with schizophrenia and 300 community controls were recruited. All subjects provided a fasted sample of venous blood to measure high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides and glucose levels. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Presence of MetS was assessed according to the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) guidelines. Results: The prevalence of MetS in patients with schizophrenia was 46.0%. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for MetS among patients was 2.79 (CI, 1.50 to 5.20, P = 0.001) when compared with controls. Increasing body mass index (BMI) was identified to be significantly associated with the prevalence of MetS. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of MetS in Singapore patients with schizophrenia, and that BMI might be a risk factor in the development of MetS. This information is clinically relevant as BMI is routinely measured in psychiatric practice today, and could be used to monitor for development of MetS in schizophrenia.

Key words: Mental illness, Obesity, Smoking
Oral Aphthosis: Management Gaps and Recent Advances
Authors: Liang Michelle W , Neoh Ching Yin
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Though oral aphthosis is common, it has a significant impact on the quality of life in the patients. It is the most common oral ulcerative condition encountered in clinical practice. This study describes the characteristics and patterns of oral aphthosis seen at a tertiary dermatological centre in Singapore, with emphasis in evaluating the management gaps and in identifying underlying systemic diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of medical records over a 10-year period between June 2000 and June 2010. Two hundred and thirteen patients were identified using the search terms ‘oral ulcers’, ‘aphthous ulcers’, ‘oral aphthosis’, and ‘Behcet’s disease’. Patients with Behcet’s disease without oral ulcers and other diagnoses such as pemphigus vulgaris, lichen planus and herpes simplex were excluded. The remaining patients were evaluated with regard to demographic characteristics, characteristics of oral ulcers, associated connective tissue disorders and nutritional deficiencies, diagnostic tests results, treatment response as well as follow-up duration. Results: One hundred and seventy-five patients were included in this study. One hundred and one patients had recurrent oral aphthosis, with 77 having simple aphthosis and 24 having complex aphthosis. Fourteen patients (8%) fulfilled the International Study Criteria (ISG) for Behcet’s disease, of which, 85.71% had complex aphthosis. The therapeutic ladder for such patients ranged from topical steroids and colchicine through to oral corticosteroids and/or dapsone therapy. Conclusion: Recurrent oral aphthosis is a niche condition in which dermatologists are well-poised to manage. This study demonstrates that a more definitive management and therapeutic algorithm for oral aphthosis are needed for better management patients in the future. In particular, complex aphthosis needs to be monitored for progression onto Behcet’s disease. Key words: Behcet’s disease, Oral ulcers, Recurrent aphthosis
Improvements in End-of-Life Care with a Protocol-based Pathway for Cancer Patients Dying in a Singapore Hospital
Authors: Neo Patricia SH , Poon Mai Chan , Peh Tan Ying , Ong Simon YK , Koo Wen Hsin , Santoso Ulina , Goh Cynthia R , Yee Alethea CP
Published: December 2022

Introduction: More than half of all deaths in Singapore occur in hospitals. Little is known about the quality of care received by dying patients in hospitals. The Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP) provides a framework of providing good end-of-life care for dying patients and has been used with success in the United Kingdom (UK). In this study, we investigate whether adoption of a modified LCP in a Singapore hospital translated to better end-of-life care for cancer patients. Materials and Methods: The LCP was adapted and implemented as a pilot project on an oncology ward in Singapore General Hospital. A baseline review of 30 consecutive death records was performed, followed by a 4-month pilot and post-implementation audit of 30 consecutive patients on the adapted LCP. Results: Five types of end-of-life symptoms were analysed. There was only 1 uncontrolled symptom at death in the post-implementation group compared to 24 uncontrolled symptoms in the retrospective audit group. The prescription of breakthrough medications for symptom control increased from 21% in the retrospective audit group to 79% in the post-implementation group. Inappropriate monitoring was discontinued in 25 patients in the post-implementation group compared to none in the retrospective audit group. The documentation of resuscitation status and religion of the patient was improved, achieving full documentation in the post-implementation group. Conclusion: This study shows promising results for improving end-of-life care in cancer patients with a protocol-based pathway in a Singapore hospital. Extension of this care pathway to other settings should be explored to maximise its benefits to patients dying from all causes in hospital.

Key words: End-of-life care, Liverpool Care Pathway, Symptom control
Unexpected Drug-Drug Interactions in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Therapy: Induction of UGT1A1 and Bile Efflux Transporters by Efavirenz
Authors: Lee Lawrence SU , Pham Paul , Flexner Charles
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Efavirenz is an inducer of drug metabolism enzymes. We studied the effect of efavirenz and ritonavir-boosted darunavir on serum unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin, as probes for UGT1A1 and bile transporters. Materials and Methods: Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a clinical trial. There were 3 periods: Period 1, 10 days of darunavir 900 mg with ritonavir 100 mg once daily; Period 2, 14 days of efavirenz 600 mg with darunavir/ritonavir once daily; and Period 3, 14 days of efavirenz 600 mg once daily. Serum bilirubin (conjugated and unconjugated) concentrations were obtained at baseline, at the end of each phase and at exit. Results: We recruited 7 males and 5 females. One subject developed grade 3 hepatitis on efavirenz and was excluded. Mean serum unconjugated bilirubin concentrations were 6.09 μmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.99 to 7.19) at baseline, 5.82 (95% CI, 4.88 to 6.76) after darunavir/ritonavir, 4.00 (95% CI, 2.92 to 5.08) after darunavir/ritonavir with efavirenz, 3.55 (95% CI, 2.58 to 4.51) after efavirenz alone and 5.27 (95% CI, 3.10 to 7.44) at exit (P <0.01 for the efavirenz phases). Mean serum conjugated bilirubin concentrations were 3.55 μmol/L (95% CI, 2.73 to 4.36) at baseline, 3.73 (95% CI, 2.77 to 4.68) after darunavir/ritonavir, 2.91 (95% CI, 2.04 to 3.78) after darunavir/ritonavir with efavirenz, 2.64 (95% CI, 1.95 to 3.33) after efavirenz alone and 3.55 (95% CI, 2.19 to 4.90) at exit (P <0.05 for the efavirenz phases). Conclusion: Efavirenz decreased unconjugated bilirubin by 42%, suggesting UGT1A1 induction. Efavirenz also decreased conjugated bilirubin by 26%, suggesting induction of bile efflux transporters. Ritonavir-boosted darunavir had no effect on bilirubin concentrations. These results indicate that efavirenz may reduce concentrations of drugs or endogenous substances metabolized by UGT1A1 or excreted by bile efflux transporters.

Key words: Drug-drug interactions, Drug transporters, Efavirenz, HIV Therapy, UGT1A1
Biomedical Strategies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention? A New Paradigm
Authors: Chan Roy
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This article presents recent developments in biomedical interventions for prevention of sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Materials and Methods: A review of results from randomised clinical trials on the use of antiretroviral (ARV) medications and other biomedical methods to prevent the transmission and acquisition of HIV infection. Results: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) refers to the provision of ARV medications to uninfected persons at high risk of HIV infection either in the form of topical agents, e.g. vaginal microbicide gels, or orally administered tablets. The Caprissa study demonstrated the efficacy of vaginal microbicides, the Vaginal and Oral Interventions to Control the Epidemic (VOICE) study however was not able to confirm these results. Oral PrEP was found to be efficacious in the iPrEx study on men who have sex with men (MSM), and among heterosexual couples in the Partners-PrEP and the TDF2 studies in Africa. The HPTN 052 trial demonstrated that the provision of early ARV treatment was able to prevent transmission of HIV by 92% compared with delayed treatment. This has led to enthusiasm to roll out treatment as prevention (TasP) programmes. Encouraging results from studies on male circumcision to prevent HIV acquisition have resulted in several implementation projects in Africa. Another encouraging result has been the success, albeit modest, of the prime-boost combination RV144 vaccine trial in Thailand. Conclusion: New advances in prevention strategies are urgently needed to slow down the HIV pandemic. Recent developments particularly in the form of PrEP and TasP have given new hope that we will be able to achieve this goal.

Key words: Biomedical, HIV infection, Prevention
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention Education in Singapore: Challenges for the Future
Authors: Wong Mee Lian , Sen Priya , Wong Christina M , Tjahjadi Sylvia , Govender Mandy , Koh Ting Ting , Yusof Zarina , Chew Ling , Tan Avin , K Vijaya
Published: December 2022

We reviewed the current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention education programmes in Singapore, discussed the challenges faced and proposed prevention education interventions for the future. Education programmes on HIV prevention have shown some success as seen by reduced visits to sex workers among the general adult population and a marked increase in condom use among brothel-based sex workers. However, we still face many challenges such as low awareness of HIV preventive strategies and high prevalence of HIV stigma in the general population. Voluntary HIV testing and condom use remain low among the priority groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexual men who buy sex. Casual sex has increased markedly from 1.1% in 1989 to 17.4% in 2007 among heterosexuals in Singapore, with the majority (84%) practising unprotected sex. Sex workers have moved from brothels to entertainment venues where sex work is mostly hidden with lack of access to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/HIV prevention education and treatment programmes. Education programmes promoting early voluntary testing is hampered because of poor access, high cost and stigma towards people living with HIV. It remains a challenge to promote abstinence and consistent condom use in casual and steady sexual relationships among heterosexuals and MSM. New ways to promote condom use by using a positive appeal about its pleasure enhancing effects rather than the traditional disease-oriented approach should be explored. Education programmes promoting early voluntary testing and acceptance of HIV-infected persons should be scaled up and integrated into the general preventive health services. Key words: Condom use, HIV prevention education, Men who have sex with men, Voluntary HIV testing
Prospective Audit of Post-chemotherapy Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Solid Cancer and Lymphoma in Two Singaporean Cancer Centres
Authors: Wong Mabel , Jin Jing , Tan Min Han , Lee Yee Mei , Lee Ten Eng , Ding Ying , Yong Hong Chan , Lim Siew Eng , Chai Louis YA , Chau Noan Minh , Hsu Li Yang
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in oncology and haematology units worldwide. The overall mortality in hospital surveys in Singapore surveys on post-chemotherapy FN has ranged between 3.0% and 8.8%. However, recent evidence indicates that outpatient management of patients with low-risk FN is safe and cost-effective. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective audit on a cohort of adult patients with post-chemotherapy FN seen at 2 local public sector cancer centres over a 1-year period in order to define their epidemiological characteristics and outcomes, and also to assess the uptake of early discharge/outpatient management strategies for these patients. Results: We reviewed 306 FN episodes from 248 patients. Patient characteristics and outcomes were similar between both institutions. Eleven (3.7%) FN episodes were managed as outpatient and none developed complications. Overall 30-day mortality was 6.6%, while the median length of stay (LOS) was 7 days (IQR: 4 to 11 days). The only independent risk factor for mortality was severe sepsis (OR:13.19; 95% CI: 1.98 to 87.7; P = 0.008). Factors independently associated with a longer LOS were vancomycin prescription (coefficient: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.41; P = 0.003), longer duration of intravenous antibiotics (coefficient: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.10; P <0.001), and prior review by an infectious diseases physician (coefficient: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.31; P = 0.034). Conclusion: This audit demonstrated that mortality from FN in our 2 cancer centres is low and comparable to international institutions. It also demonstrates that outpatient management of FN is safe in selected patients, and can be further expanded for right-siting of resources. Key words: Carbapenems , MASCC score, Outpatient management, Vancomycin
A Ten-Year Retrospective Study on Livedo Vasculopathy in Asian Patients
Authors: Gan Emily Y , Tang Mark BY , Tan Suat Hoon , Chua Sze Hon , Tan Audrey WH
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This study aims to analyse the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of Asian patients diagnosed with livedo vasculopathy (LV). Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with LV from 1997 to 2007 at our centre. Results: Seventy patients were diagnosed with LV with a mean age of 39 years, female: male ratio of 3:1 and no racial predilection. Most cases remained purely cutaneous, presenting with painful leg ulcers and atrophie blanche. Peripheral neuropathy was the only extra-cutaneous complication (9%). In patients who were screened, associations included hepatitis B (7%) and hepatitis C (4%), positive anti-nuclear antibody (14%), positive anti-myeloperoxidase antibody (5%), positive anti-cardiolipin antibodies (7%) and positive lupus anticoagulant (2%). In 49 patients who achieved remission, 55% required combination therapy, most commonly with colchicine, pentoxifylline and prednisolone. In those treated successfully with monotherapy, colchicine was effective in 59% followed by prednisolone (17.5%), pentoxifylline (17.5%) and aspirin (6%). Mean follow-up period was 50 months. Conclusion: LV in Asian patients is a high morbidity, chronic relapsing ulcerative skin condition. Most patients require induction combination therapy for remission. As further evidence emerges to support a procoagulant pathogenesis, a standardised protocol is needed to investigate for prothrombotic disorders during diagnosis. Key words: Atrophie blanche, Livedo reticularis, Livedoid vasculitis
Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Vaksinasi COVID-19 dengan Aplikasi PCare Vaksinasi di Puskesmas Seputih Banyak
Authors: Azza Azizatul , Nurmalasari Mieke
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 has spread throughout the world, so it has a pandemic status. One of the countries infected with the COVID-19 pandemic is Indonesia. The Indonesian government's efforts to stop the spread of COVID-19 are through the COVID-19 vaccination. Every health service facility that carries out the COVID-19 vaccination must record and report the results of the COVID-19 vaccination service through the Vaccination PCare application. The obstacles found at the Seputih Banyak Health Center were data that numbered in the thousands so that the officers were overwhelmed when entering data. This study aims to determine the implementation of recording and reporting of COVID-19 vaccination using the Vaccination PCare application. Data collection in this study was carried out by observing the input, process, and output of the recording and reporting of COVID-19 vaccination using the Vaccination PCare application. . The data analysis used descriptive analysis. The results showed that during the recording and reporting of COVID-19 vaccination, regulations, human resources, process and output were by the provisions, while the facilities are not entirely appropriate. Facilities that are not appropriate are the unavailability of wifi and printers.
Building a Case Study of Cimaragas Village in the Ciamis Regency Using the Village Index
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Nurhikmat Muhammad , Samudro Bhimo Rizky ,   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Daerobi Akhmad ,   Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the development issues faced by the government in light of the Village Development Index, which measures the degree of village independence based on social, economic, and environmental factors as a map of village development. The research area for examining how the Village Law on village development is being implemented is Cimaragas Village, Cimaragas Subdistrict, and Ciamis Regency. By searching for data sources from the study of literature and related paperwork, this research was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. According to the study’s findings, based on the villages’ updated Village Building Index for the years 2018 to 2022, there is an improvement in the status of village independence. When development is carried out in a village in line with the law, but the development objectives are not met and village governance negatively impacts development, this situation is not ideal.
Intensive and Extensive Interval Training; Which is Better Against Vo2max Football Athletes?
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Ramadhan Azhari Rezha , Alim Abdul ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Ayudi Andrian Rahaman ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to determine the difference between intensive and extensive interval training on the VO2Max of football athletes. This type of research is an experiment. The sample used was football athletes at LPSB Mutiara Purwokerto, totalling 14 athletes with an age range of 13-15 years. Samples were divided into two groups based on pretest scores using ordinal pairing. The instrument for measuring VO2Max uses the intermittent Yo-Yo test. Data analysis techniques include descriptive analysis, prerequisite tests (normality and homogeneity tests), and hypothesis testing using paired sample tests and independent sample tests. The analysis used SPSS 23 software. The results showed (1) a significant effect of intensive interval training on the VO2Max of football athletes. The magnitude of the increase in VO2Max in soccer athletes after being given intensive interval training was 5.07%. (2) There is a significant effect of intensive interval training on the VO2Max of soccer athletes. The magnitude of the increase in VO2Max in soccer athletes after being given extensive interval training was 12.54%. (3) There is a significant difference between intensive and extensive interval training on the VO2Max of football athletes. The mean difference in the increase in VO2Max of the intensive and extensive interval group soccer athletes was 2.02, so the extensive interval training group was better than the intensive interval training group on the VO2Max of soccer athletes.
Identifying spatiotemporal variability of traffic accident mortality. Evidence from the City of Belgrade, Serbia
Authors: Lović Obradović Suzana , Rabiei-Dastjerdi Hamidreza , Matović Stefana ,   Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, Đure Jakšića 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia,   School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy & CeADAR, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland,   Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, Đure Jakšića 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Published: December 2022

Traffic accident mortality (TAM) is a significant global problem and is a part of the sustainable development goals strategy. In Serbia, a decline in the number of deaths in traffic accidents is evident, but in certain time intervals and areas, the number of deaths is higher than in others. This paper adopted Joinpoint regression analysis and a geospatial approach to assessing spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal mortality variability due to traffic accidents in Belgrade from 2016 to 2021. Results suggested statistically significant change during each year and spatial clustering of higher values of deaths in central Belgrade municipalities. Spatiotemporal analysis of traffic accidents data indicated a change in spatial clusters over time, pointing out two types of hotspots for traffic accident mortality—Sporadic- and New hotspots along the international highway, main, and local roads, in the broader area of the city. The main findings of this paper pointed to the areas in Belgrade where the population is more endangered in traffic compared to others. The obtained results and conclusions can serve traffic managers and decision-makers as a basis for more detailed research and local-specific traffic safety strategies.
Parental reasons for sending children to a rural day and boarding school
Authors: Baker Robert , Andrews John
Published: December 2022

This article reports results from a survey conducted in 1990 on parental views of various aspects of education in a small independent day and boarding school. While the principal focus of  the research was on attitudes towards specific areas of the curriculum, this article presents data on two inter-related questions:

The main reasons for sending a child to the school.

The importance of various possible influences and sources of information in choosing the school.

 Most previous Australian research on parental reasons for choosing independent schools has focussed on schools located in metropolitan areas with exclusively or primarily day student enrolment. Data from the present study are drawn from a school located in a rural area. Unlike previous research, comparisons can be made between information provided by parents of three groups of children: day students; boarders who could attend a local school; boarders who do not have access to a local school.
Creative use of digital technologies: Keeping the best and brightest in the bush
Authors: Bannister Barbara , Cornish Linley , Bannister-Tyrrell Michelle , Gregory Sue
Published: December 2022

Abstract:

Gifted students have been provided the opportunity to study three core subjects through an academically selective virtual high school in western NSW, Australia. At the same time they continue to attend their local public high school for their other subjects. This article presents the mechanisms that have provided this opportunity, and describes successes and challenges that have been overcome. Students are located across 385,000 km2 and meet online through web conferencing to engage in real time. They are also able asynchronously to access study materials in an online repository.

Key words: Rural education, virtual schooling, on-line repository
A partnership aimed at improving Health and Physical Education at a rural school: Impacts on pupils, university students, teachers and academics.
Authors: Miller Judith , Haynes John , Pennington Jim
Published: December 2022

Challenges and benefits arose when a rural school and a neighbouring university formed a partnership with the aim of improving the schoolâ€™s Health and Physical Education (HPE) program. The HPE programs were enhanced through two joint research projects. The first research project had two facets, including an evidence-based curriculum for Physical Education in the school, and a remediation program for children identified through the coordination testing process. The second research project was designed to investigate studentsâ€™ Health Education knowledge and explore any behavioural changes in and around nutritional choices. Both the projects were conducted as mutually productive partnerships within the school, resulting in beneficial changes for the school, the university and for the multiple participants. For the school, the Physical Education curriculum and pedagogies were modified and for students identified as requiring remediation, a multi-partnered intervention program was implemented. Students, teachers, parents and pre-service teacher education students benefited from the movement intervention program. The health education curriculum was enhanced when the school developed a social marketing approach to facilitate health-related decisions for pupils, teachers and ancillary staff. The university changed their pre-service teacher education curriculum, teaching methods, and achieved stronger research based outcomes by partnering with the school across both projects.
Improving mathematics and science education in rural Australia: A practice report
Authors: Whannell Robert , Tobias Steve
Published: December 2022

There has been a steady decline in the number of secondary and tertiary students studying mathematics and science. Rural schools also report a shortage of qualified teachers in these disciplines. This paper describes the steps taken at the University of New England (UNE) to improve the provision of mathematics and science education (MS) in rural Australia. Initiatives such as the use of an online interactive digital classroom by rural NSW schools presenting MS contexts based on a SMART (sustainable, management, and accessible rural technologies) Farm will be presented. Research to improve teacher confidence and competence in these areas will be discussed along with the steps being taken to develop a Higher Education Research Facility (HERF) which will support research and engagement in the STEM domain.
Extending the knowledge base for (rural) teacher educators
Authors: White Simone
Published: December 2022

This paper, and its position within this special issue, seeks to contribute to the growing discussion and debates about the importance of adding the 'rural' to all matters 'education'. Advocating that indeed rurality is everybody's business, not just for those who live in rural places. The central argument of 'adding the rural' is that in its absence, 'a metro-urban normative approach' (Green, 2013) remains the dominant position thereby marginalising and silencing those who live beyond the city. In this paper I seek to contribute further to the debate and explore the notion of 'adding the rural' to teacher educators' knowledge base and their professional learning. I thus examine the 'good theoretical tools' (Corbett, 2016) that all teacher educators might need to equip themselves with, in order to be inclusive of rural students' needs. To think through this question I revisit and draw from the growing rural education literature and recent rural studies, identifying three emerging themes: Namely 'funds of knowledge' (Moll, Amanti, Neff & Gonzalez, 1992); 'rural social space' (Reid, Green, Cooper, Hastings, Lock &White, 2010) and 'place consciousness' (Gruenwald, 2003). These three unfold as key theoretical tools, for all teacher educators to utilise. The themes offer a form of trialectical thinking for teacher educators, opening new spaces to explore the preparation of teachers. The triad is consistent with the notion of 'third or hybrid spaces' (Zeichner, 2010) which can move us away from unhelpful rural-urban binaries and towards a more activist, generative and transformative response for teacher education and the broader rural education research community to consider.
Building a sense of community belonging: Making mobile families welcome in a rural Australian school
Authors: Henderson Robyn
Published: December 2022

Seasonal farm workers play an important economic role through their contributions to annual harvests and the fact that they spend income in the community where they sojourn. However, research shows that farm workers and other temporary residents are often socially marginalised in rural communities and feel as though they are outsiders who do not belong. This paper reports research that focused on a primary school in a rural community in Australia, where seasonal mobile farm workers arrived for the annual harvest. Using a single case study design, the research demonstrated that the school made a deliberate attempt to welcome newly-arrived students and their families into the school community. Using a whole school strategy, the school staff aimed to meet familiesâ€™ and studentsâ€™ social needs, thereby building a sound foundation for the academic work of schooling. However, the data and data analysis also suggested that the schoolâ€™s strategy was helping to work against the deficit discourses that operated in the broader community, thus demonstrating the schoolâ€™s role as a hub for the communityâ€™s socio-educational development.
Effects of One Laptop Per Child Programs in the Daily Lives of People Excluded from the Community: The Role of South European Rural Schools
Authors: Paredes-Labra Joaquin , Tello Inmaculada , Kachinovsky Alicia
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to learn how the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) program in rural schools of a Southern European country offers opportunities to children, helps parents to get information and creates links with families and neighbours. The methodology was qualitative, with deep interviews with teachers, principals, parents and students from five Spanish rural schools. Among the findings, we observed that schools have new opportunities to link with communities and to communicate with parents when the curriculum is open and narrative. The shortcomings of policies, the academic role of projects and the resistance and prejudice of parents are preventing a better rapport between schools and communities in their fight against exclusion.
Rural Schools and Local Development in Portugal: Rehabilitation, Participation and Socio-educational Innovation
Authors: Lúcio Joana , Ferreira Fernando
Published: December 2022

â€œÃ€ Descoberta do Mundo Ruralâ€ [Discovering the Rural World] was a 15-month-long project, based on a partnership between the Institute of Educational Communities (ICE) and the Portuguese Association for Local Development (ANIMAR), both Portuguese NGOs, and financed by national and European funds. Its purpose was to identify and give visibility to formal and informal local development initiatives taking place in rural contexts across Portugal. The research team contacted and visited several places and talked directly with the initiativesâ€™ representatives, as well as with other locally relevant social actors, such as representatives of local governments, schools, associations and charity organisations. Based on a participatory community-based research, local development was conceptualised as an educational process from a broader perspective than that of schooling. Through eight selected case studies, this paper focuses on how rural schools promote, participate in or otherwise contribute to the socio-educational development of the communities in which they are located.
Educational Outcomes For Aboriginal School Students In Tasmania: Is The Achievement Gap Closing?
Authors: Stone Alison , Walter Maggie , Peacock Huw
Published: December 2022

A quality education is a basic societal right. Yet for many Aboriginal students that right is not yet a reality. This paper focuses on the situation of Aboriginal/palawa school students in Tasmania and employs a quantitative methodology to examine the comparative educational achievements of Aboriginal school students. State level Grade 3, 5, 7 and 9 numeracy and reading test results from the National Assessment Program of Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) 2008 - 2016 support the analysis. Results indicate that Aboriginal students remain more likely to be at or below minimum literacy and numeracy standards than their non-Aboriginal counterparts. It is also found that Aboriginal studentsâ€™ academic achievement declines as they move through the schooling system. Further, Aboriginal students are less likely to partake in NAPLAN due to higher absenteeism on test days. These results are discussed in the context of education policy and the broader national and international literature on factors influencing academic achievement for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander school students. Despite an increasing awareness and the development of strategic policies to address Aboriginal educational inequality, it is evident that little has changed between 2008 and 2016. It is strongly argued that Aboriginal studentsâ€™ underachievement is more likely tied to schooling and policy environments that do not adequately meet their needs, rather than the students themselves. As such, policies and interventions that create long term, embedded improvement of Aboriginal studentsâ€™ schooling experiences and the engagement of their families and communities are a prerequisite for improving Aboriginal student outcomes.Â