bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linking organizational justice with positive behavior in temporary organization: The mediating role of cooperative willingness
Authors: Liu Xinhua , Guo Peng , Guo Ning , Du Juan
Published: January 2023

This article associates cooperative willingness and positive behavior to fairness preference in temporary cooperation. Drawing on social exchange theory and project citizenship behaviors, the analysis indicates that cooperative positivity for temporary organizations is essentially built on organizational justice by constructing the structural equation and the multiple mediator models. The findings show that the comprehensive effect of organizational justice, especially distributive justice, has a driving effect on the willingness of inter-organizational cooperation and positive behaviors. Further, cooperative willingness, as a mediating factor, is helpful for facilitating voluntary behaviors, both in the willingness of additional investment and communication. Specifically, effective communication among cooperators is considered the perfect way for eliciting proactivity under temporary relationships, for improving cooperative perception and satisfaction. In sum, this study offers ideas on how organizational fairness preferences fare in cooperative behavior in temporary organizations to promote inter-organizational cooperation effectively.
Simulation Study of Passing Drivers’ Responses to the Autonomous Truck-Mounted Attenuator System in Road Maintenance
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Bill , Li William , Qin Ruwen
Published: January 2023

The autonomous truck-mounted attenuator (ATMA) system is a lead–follower vehicle system based on autonomous driving and connected vehicle technologies. The lead truck performs maintenance tasks on the road, and the unmanned follower truck alerts passing vehicles about the moving work zone and protects workers and the equipment. While the ATMA has been under testing by transportation maintenance and operations agencies recently, a simulator-based testing capability is a supplement, especially if human subjects are involved. This paper aims to discover how passing drivers perceive, understand, and react to the ATMA system in road maintenance. With the driving simulator developed for this ATMA study, the paper performed a simulation study wherein a screen-based eye tracker collected 16 subjects’ gaze points and pupil diameters. Data analysis evidenced the change in subjects’ visual attention patterns while passing the ATMA. On average, the ATMA starts to attract subjects’ attention from 500 ft behind the follower truck. Most (87.50%) understood the follower truck’s protection purpose, and many (60%) reasoned the association between the two trucks. Nevertheless, nearly half of the participants (43.75%) did not recognize that the ATMA is a connected autonomous vehicle system. While all subjects safely changed lanes and attempted to pass the slow-moving ATMA, their inadequate understanding of the ATMA is a potential risk, for issues such as cutting into the ATMA. The results implied that transportation maintenance and operations agencies should consider this in establishing the deployment guidance.
Patients’ Experiences of Cancer Pain: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Hassankhani Hadi , Hajaghazadeh Mohammad , Orujlu Samira
Published: January 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the cancer pain experiences of Iranian patients.

Design

A qualitative descriptive design was used.

Methods

This qualitative descriptive study was performed on 17 participants between December 2020 and September 2021. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis method.

Results

Three main categories emerged in relation to patients’ experiences of cancer pain. Categories included (1) characteristics of cancer pain, (2) pain self-management strategies, and (3) influence of pain on patient and her/his family.

Conclusions

Most patients believe that pain is God's will, and family members, doctors, and nurses can assist patients cope with pain by respecting this belief and supporting spiritual healing. Strengthening pain management strategies, expanding social networks, and convincing the patients that they are not an interruption to their families can all help patients maintain their fighting spirit and pain tolerance. To provide holistic care, healthcare providers, particularly nurses, should consider the physical, sociocultural, and spiritual aspects of cancer pain.
Planning for Equitable Climate Relocation: Gaps in Knowledge and a Proposal for Future Directions
Authors: Lieberknecht Katherine , Mueller Elizabeth J.
Published: January 2023

Climate-related property buyouts increasingly affect people, communities, and planning systems, signaling the need for increased attention from practitioners and scholars. We review existing evidence about three phases of a tripartite process of equitable relocation in the United States: buyouts, relocation, and use of vacated land, each with potential to benefit or harm residents and communities. Seeing these pieces as interconnected and embedded in historical context allows us to reduce climate threats while addressing existing inequity. Future research, aimed at filling the gaps we have identified in this review, will be an important part of envisioning a new way forward.
What Is Economic Development? And What Is the Job of an Economic Development Professional?
Authors: Hill Edward (Ned)
Published: January 2023

Economic development (EcD) introduces new goods and services into a region's portfolio of traded products or expands the productive capabilities of existing members of a region's economic base. And EcD organizations are intermediaries that reduce risk and transaction costs by honestly representing their community and region to potential business investors. There are five closely related yet separate development practices. Four (community, workforce, housing, and commercial and industrial real estate development) create long-term regional EcD assets. While those assets are required for EcD to occur, they are insufficient to generate EcD outputs. Investments resulting in the production of goods and services are also necessary. EcD is a regional activity because the markets for three of the development practices are regional: labor, housing, and commercial and industrial real estate. Finally, EcD is both an art and a science. The art of EcD is connecting the dots that others cannot see. The science is getting deals done. Together they create investment momentum that builds optimism, generates trust, and mitigates risk.
A novel Artificial Neural Network-based model for predicting dielectric properties of banana fiber filled with polypropylene composites
Authors: Doddashamachar Mahesh , Sen Snigdha , Nama Vasudeva Setty Raju
Published: January 2023

The objective is focusing on the prediction of dielectric properties of the polypropylene composites reinforced with banana fiber using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). To prepare the composites in accordance with ASTM requirements, randomly oriented banana fibers were combined with polypropylene at volume fractions of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. For these composites, the impedance analyzer was used to determine dielectric characteristics such as the dielectric constant, tan δ, and ac conductivity. To estimate the dielectric properties, an artificial neural network is used with a supervised training strategy. The data set was assembled using ReLU, sigmoid, and tanh, three activation functions. Forecasting the outcome variables used temperature, frequency, filler content, and polymer content as input factors. Comparing the model utilizing ReLU to the other two activation functions, the MSE value was 0.32, and the R2 value was 0.98. Dielectric parameter values from both experiments and ANN modeling show a similar pattern. The dielectric properties of fiber-reinforced polyester matrix composites can be accurately predicted using ANN, reducing the need for manual intervention.
The Impact of a Pharmacist-Driven Multicomponent Sleep-Promoting Protocol on Delirium in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Zelenkov Dimitar , Hollins Randy , Mahoney Eric J. , Faugno Anthony J. , Poyant Janelle
Published: January 2023

Background: Sleep deprivation is reported in 80% of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with delirium. Guidelines recommend implementing a sleep-promoting protocol in critically ill patients which may increase the quantity and quality of sleep and may decrease delirium. Our objective was to implement a pharmacist-led interdisciplinary sleep-promoting protocol and analyze its impact on delirium in ICU patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: The study involved pre-implementation education, protocol development, and post-implementation analysis. ICU pharmacists completed prospective patient chart reviews to reduce exposure to deliriogenic medications and assess the need for a pharmacologic sleep aid. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium and delirium-free days. Secondary outcomes included ICU length of stay (LOS), incidence of MV, and pharmacist medication interventions. Results: Post-protocol patients (n = 185) had a higher incidence of delirium compared to pre-protocol patients (n = 237) (51.3% vs 39.0%; P = .01). Post-protocol patients had a higher average APACHE III score ( P = <.001). Delirium-free days were not significantly different between groups ( P = .97). Difference in ICU LOS was not significant ( P = .80). More patients received MV post-protocol implementation (55.7% vs 36.1%; P < .001). Pharmacists documented a total of 113 medication interventions. Conclusion and Relevance: A pharmacist-led, ICU sleep-promoting protocol was successfully implemented but did not reduce the incidence of delirium or the administration of insomnia agents. Post-protocol patients had higher disease severity and were more likely to receive MV. Incidence of delirium was consistent with the national reported prevalence of ICU delirium. ICU pharmacists on all shifts had an active role in optimizing sleep.
Institutionalizing Voluntary Blood Donation: Explaining the Cross-National Variance in the Approval of Paid Blood or Plasma Donation in Europe
Authors: Gorleer Sam , Bracke Piet , Hustinx Lesley
Published: January 2023

Inspired by the analytical shift toward understanding altruism from an institutional perspective, this article presents an empirical analysis of the impact of institutionalized solidarity on attitudes toward payment for blood or plasma donations, in terms of both the level of welfare provision and confidence in the welfare system. Postulating that institutionalized solidarity is intertwined with group-based solidarity, this article offers a more refined understanding of the relationship between institutional context and attitudes toward paid donation by incorporating measures of social cohesion in the analysis. Based on Eurobarometer data from 2014, the results indicate that support for cash payment for donation is lower in European countries where social spending is higher. Similarly, aggregated levels of trust in the social security system are associated with less support for payment for donation. These findings point to the importance of institutionalized solidarity for the manifestation of support for non-remunerated blood and plasma donation.
How Charitable Were the Elites of the Dutch Golden Age?
Authors: van Leeuwen Marco H. D. , Wiepking Pamala , Looijesteijn Henk
Published: January 2023

We study the charitable behavior of the wealthiest individuals in a very affluent and unequal society, that of the Dutch during their “Golden Age” (late 16th to the 17th centuries). Did these wealthy elites share their prosperity with those less fortunate? Using rare data from printed sources and wills located in archives, we study their inter vivos giving as well as their charitable bequests. Our study shows that the elites were surprisingly uncharitable: Only 15% made documented life-time gifts, and their bequests were valued around 1% of their wealth. Charity was embedded in the whole social fabric save the frugal top. Our results show that burghers made more documented life-time gifts than those belonging to the nobility and regent classes. In addition, those belonging to a religious minority as well as those without children gave more. We conclude our article with implications and limitations of elite philanthropy for society.
Emil Kraepelin as a historian of psychiatry – one hundred years on
Authors: Brückner Burkhart
Published: January 2023

This article reviews Emil Kraepelin’s address ‘ Hundert Jahre Psychiatrie’, at the opening of the Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Psychiatrie in 1917, and published as an essay in 1918. Kraepelin’s publication represents a part of his late work: his commitment as a historian of psychiatry. He composed a classic narrative of psychiatric progress, which includes an outlook on desirable future developments in therapy and prevention. The present article considers the essay’s socio-historical context as well as its structure and content. The focus lies on its time of origin around the end of World War I, its sources in relation to the state of the art of historiography at that time and the history of its reception, including the English-language edition of 1962.
Designedly intentional misgendering in social interaction: A conversation analytic account
Authors: Edmonds David Matthew , Pino Marco
Published: January 2023

Misgendering – moments where someone refers to, describes, or addresses a person as a gender different to the one they identify with – is a challenge that trans people can face in social interaction. Misgendering is an interactional phenomenon but has yet to be examined for how it unfolds in conversation. Utilizing conversation analysis, we focus on what we term designedly intentional misgendering. We show how speakers utilize turn-design features and sequential placement to mark a misgendering as intentional. We also document how such misgendering is mobilized for different actions in social interaction. Speakers can utilize designedly intentional misgendering to display negative interactional positions towards trans people and related matters. Trans people can respond to such misgendering by negatively characterizing another speaker and their conduct. Our work advances existing discussions around the intentionality of misgendering and trans people's interactional agency.
A mechanistic investigation about hepatoxic effects of borneol using zebrafish
Authors: Liu L , Yang Y , Yang F , Lin Y , Liu K , Wang X , Zhang Y
Published: January 2023

Except for clinical value, borneol is routinely used in food and cosmetics with seldom safety evaluation. To investigate its hepatoxicity, we exposed 3 dpf (days post fertilization) larval zebrafish to borneol at a gradient of concentrations (200–500 μM) for 3 days. Herein, our results revealed that high doses of borneol (300–500 μM) caused liver size decrease or lateral lobe absence. Borneol also seriously disturbed the hepatic protein metabolism presented with the increased activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lipid metabolism shown with the increased level of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). The lipid accumulation (oil red staining) was detected as well. Additionally, significant upregulation of genes was detected that related to oxidative stress, lipid anabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy. Conversely, the lipid metabolism-related genes were markedly downregulated. Moreover, the changes in the superoxide dismutase activity and the level of glutathione and malondialdehyde raised the likelihood of lipid peroxidation. The outcomes indicated the involvement of oxidative stress, ERS, lipid metabolism, and autophagy in borneol-induced lipid metabolic disorder and hepatic injury. This study will provide a more comprehensive understanding of borneol hepatoxicity and the theoretical basis for the safe use of this compound.
Fenoldopam Mesylate Enhances the Survival of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Oxidative Stress and Increases the Therapeutic Function in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Jo Seo Yeon , Cho Hye Jin , Kim Tae Min
Published: January 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained interest as an alternative therapeutic option for renal diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). However, their use is often limited owing to low survival rates in vivo. Fenoldopam mesylate (FD) is a selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist with antioxidative and anti-apoptotic roles. Herein, we investigated whether FD can enhance the survival of MSCs undergoing oxidative stress in vitro. In addition, the therapeutic effect of MSCs and FD-treated MSCs (FD-MSCs) was compared in a mouse model of AKI induced by cisplatin. The survival of MSCs under oxidative stress was augmented by FD treatment. FD induced the phosphorylation of cAMP response element–binding protein and AKT, contributing to enhanced growth compared with untreated MSCs. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 was increased by FD treatment, and nuclear translocation of NRF2 was found exclusively in FD-MSCs. FD downregulated BAX expression, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced reactive oxygen species generation, and decreased the apoptotic death of MSCs induced by oxidative stress. Moreover, renal function and tubular injury were improved in FD-MSCs compared with non-treated MSCs. Furthermore, tubular injury, apoptosis, and macrophage infiltration, as well as the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced, while tubular cell proliferation was markedly increased in FD-MSCs compared with MSCs. Our study demonstrated that FD increases the survivability of MSCs in an oxidative environment, and its use may be effective in preparing robust therapeutic MSCs.
William Butler (1535–1618): A biography of a singular physician
Authors: Butler Matt
Published: January 2023

William Butler (1535–1618) was a man without a medical degree who was styled as the ‘greatest physician of his age’. He was famous in his lifetime, and in the latter stages of his career was involved with the royal court, attending to King James I and his son, Prince Henry. Butler was an empiricist who practiced confidently and compassionately in a time of limited medical understanding. He was also a man of contradictions: he was loved and respected by his contemporaries but could be cantankerous and obtuse; he was anti-establishment, complaining bitterly about the restrictive monopolisation of medicine sustained by the Royal College of Physicians, but advanced his career via connections within the aristocracy; he sometimes practiced orthodox Galenic medicine, but was at times highly unconventional in his treatments. Posthumously, despite some compelling historical studies of Butler, there has been a great deal of embellishment of his behaviour and practice. This biography draws from Butler's own letters, contemporary writers and modern scholarly literature. It aims to arrange these sources into a verifiable narrative of this singular physician's life.
Comparison of tibial implant positioning between symmetrical and anatomical design implants in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for Japanese patients
Authors: Miyake Yoshiaki , Namba Yoshifumi , Mitani Shigeru , Umehara Norifumi , Kawamoto Toyohiro , Furuichi Shuro
Published: January 2023

Purpose

In unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) procedures, maximizing the bone coverage of the tibial implant and eliminating the medial and posterior overhang would be optimal. We commonly used Physica ZUK® (ZUK), which is a symmetrical design. Alternatively, since Persona Partial Knee® (PPK) was developed in 2017 with an anatomical design to improve bone coverage, we started PPK. We hypothesized that the PPK facilitated better bone coverage than the ZUK without obvious overhangs. This study evaluated the bone coverage and the medial and posterior overhang of these differently designed tibial implants.

Methods

Seventy-nine knees from 68 patients who underwent UKA were evaluated. Cases were categorized into the ZUK (41 knees) and PPK (38 knees) groups. CT images were acquired before surgery and 1 week after surgery. We measured the tibial bone coverage, and the medial and posterior overhang by 3D software.

Results

The bone coverages were 103.8 ± 4.8% and 102.0 ± 3.0%, the medial overhangs were 2.2 ± 1.2 mm and 1.4 ± 1.1 mm, and the posterior overhangs were 0.6 ± 1.3 mm and 0.4 ± 1.2 mm for the ZUK and PPK groups, respectively. The bone coverage and medial overhang were significantly different between the groups, with ZUK being larger.

Conclusion

Patients who received PPK had significantly smaller medial overhangs and better bone coverage. PPK is more likely to give better results than ZUK.
Heteronormativity in Education Within a South Texas Borderland Region: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Flores Heraclio , Aguilar Israel
Published: January 2023

Framed by queer theory, this qualitative study sought to better understand the unique experiences of homophobia that occur amongst Latinx gender and sexually diverse youth (GSDY) in south Texas. Latinx GSDY in this borderland region, are less likely to be in schools that adopt affirming policies and are therefore more likely to experience homophobia. The study collected written journal responses from eight Latinx gender and sexually diverse alumni of borderland region schools that presently serve as community leaders and advocates. Findings suggest that homophobia is experienced as trauma and that participants employed positive trauma responses to confront their experiences.
Creating Our Own Spaces: Disruptive Approaches to Educational Leadership Research
Authors: Duarte Bryan J. , Cordova Amanda J.
Published: January 2023

Our work seeks to reflexively make visible the blurring of binary markers at the intersection of our research, sexuality, gender, and professional socialization as a necessary disruption to liberate our intersectional possibilities in the making. We argue the queering of educational leadership is met by the intimate and layered experiences of identity dismemberment operating to tarnish, devalue, and displace the wealth of intersectional knowledge. The ultimate goal is to subjugate the researcher; to trace a stencil of a binary identity whereby the image of the non-binary cannot be conjured as contributors to epistemology, theory, methodology, pedagogy, leadership, or practice. We utilize testimonios to interrogate how these lines were drawn from the everyday of academic life to blur the binary; to conjure the queer in every nook and cranny of experiences until the reification of whiteness, patriarchy, and sexuality is made a mess from which prescribed lines can no longer be drawn. We assert the toll of securing this “way” positioned us in a binary, more often than not, to research about queerness without any overlap in the praxis of queerness in the relationships, institutions, and teaching that guard the landscape of “being” in Educational Leadership. In doing so, we position the (re)membering of our identities at the intersection of Queer and Chicana Feminist theoretical perspectives to theorize a third space to heal and build a leadership practice in our image.
Predictors of Adverse Outcomes Following Cleft Palate Repair: An Analysis of Over 2500 Patients Using International Smile Train Data
Authors: Chwa Emily S. , Stoehr Jenna R. , Gosain Arun K.
Published: January 2023

Objective

The objective of this study was to use data from Smile Train's global partner hospital network to identify patient characteristics that increase odds of fistula and postoperative speech outcomes.

Design

Multi-institution, retrospective review of Smile Train Express database.

Setting

1110 Smile Train partner hospitals.

Patients/Participants

2560 patients.

Interventions

N/A.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Fistula occurrence, nasal emission, audible nasal emission with amplification (through a straw or tube) only, nasal rustle/turbulence, consistent nasal emission, consistent nasal emission due to velopharyngeal dysfunction, rating of resonance, rating of intelligibility, recommendation for further velopharyngeal dysfunction assessment, and follow-up velopharyngeal dysfunction surgery

Results

The patients were 46.6% female and 27.5% underweight by WHO standards. Average age at palatoplasty was 24.7 ± 0.5 months and at speech assessment was 6.8 ± 0.1 years. Underweight patients had higher incidence of hypernasality and decreased speech intelligibility. Palatoplasty when under 6 months or over 18 months of age had higher rates of affected nasality, intelligibility, and fistula formation. The same findings were seen in Central/South American and African patients, in addition to increased velopharyngeal dysfunction and fistula surgery compared to Asian patients. Palatoplasty technique primarily involved one-stage midline repair.

Conclusions

Age and nutrition status were significant predictors of speech outcomes and fistula occurrence following palatoplasty. Outcomes were also significantly impacted by location, demonstrating the need to cultivate longitudinal initiatives to reduce regional disparities. These results underscore the importance of Smile Train's continual expansion of accessible surgical intervention, nutritional support, and speech-language care.
Evaluation of Anxiety in Turkish Parents of Newborns with Cleft Palate with or Without Cleft Lip
Authors: Sunal Akturk Ezgi , Seker Elif Dilara , Capkın Duygu , Kutuk Mehmet Serdar
Published: January 2023

Objective

(1) To compare anxiety between parents of newborns with cleft lip and palate (CLP), isolated cleft palate (CP), and healthy newborns and (2) to evaluate anxiety between parental dyads within these groups.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Setting

University Hospital.

Participants

Surveys were completed by 20 mothers and 20 fathers of newborns with CLP, 21 mothers and 21 fathers of newborns with CP, and 23 mothers and 23 fathers of healthy newborns (controls).

Main Outcome Measure

The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) assessed parental anxiety. Mothers of newborns with a cleft reported on concerns regarding cleft-related issues and facial appearance.

Results

State and trait anxiety were generally in the moderate range for parents of newborns with a cleft, while control parents had low state anxiety and moderate trait anxiety. Mothers of newborns with CP and CLP had significantly higher state and trait anxiety levels than control mothers ( p < .05). Fathers of newborns with CLP had a higher state anxiety level than control fathers. When maternal and paternal anxiety was compared within the groups, only trait anxiety scores were significantly higher in mothers of newborns with CLP than that of fathers ( p < .05). More than half of mothers of newborns with a cleft were concerned about their newborn's feeding, speech, and palate.

Conclusions

Parents of children with a cleft may need psychological support in the early postnatal period. It is important for neonatal cleft team providers to help reduce parental anxiety and educate families about cleft care, with a focus on feeding.
The Self-Concept and Identity Measure in Patients with Personality Disorders: A Psychometric Evaluation and Associations With Identity Processes, Core Domains of Self-Functioning, and Personality Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Bogaerts Annabel , Luyckx Koen , Bastiaens Tim , Sleuwaegen Ellen , Berens Ann , Claes Laurence
Published: January 2023

As developmental and clinical research on identity has largely developed in disconnect, scholars recommend adopting a developmental psychopathology perspective on identity, which considers adaptive and pathological identity functioning. Such a perspective has also been introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), which suggests that all personality disorders (PDs) are marked by moderate to extreme deficits in self-functioning (i.e., identity and self-direction). The present study aims to validate the Dutch Self-Concept and Identity Measure (SCIM), a 27-item self-report questionnaire that assesses consolidated identity, disturbed identity, and lack of identity, in 153 psychiatric inpatients with PDs (75.2% female; Mage = 31.73). We investigated the factor structure and reliability of the SCIM, and examined associations of SCIM scales with typical identity processes, AMPD domains of self-functioning, and symptoms of all PDs. Results indicated that a 23-item Dutch SCIM produced valid and reliable scores among patients with PDs. Furthermore, SCIM scales were significantly and differentially related to identity commitment processes, ruminative identity exploration, domains of self-functioning, and symptoms of all PDs. Moreover, findings indicated that PDs varied regarding the severity of identity impairment.
Post-discharge Thromboembolic Events in COVID-19 Patients: A Review on the Necessity for Prophylaxis
Authors: Mehrabi Forough , Farshbafnadi Melina , Rezaei Nima
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the respiratory system of patients and is characterized by pneumonia with hypoxemia. Hospitalized patients and particularly those admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) may encounter a cascade of coagulopathies, which may lead to macrovessel thrombotic events such as pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), or arterial thromboembolism (ATE). These events can result in serious life-threatening diseases including cerebrovascular stroke and myocardial infarction. Despite all available information about the incidence, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among hospitalized patients, few data are available on the incidence of both symptomatic and subclinical VTE after discharge. Therefore, there is no precise suggestion or guideline for prophylaxis against VTE in post-discharge period, and some controversies exist over the current guidelines. In the present study, we aimed to review and summarize available literature upon incidence, prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches for VTE in COVID-19 patients. Also, the pathogenic mechanisms of VTE in infected individuals with COVID-19 were discussed.
Numerical investigation on the effects of crooked shaft washer of single row thrust ball bearing on its vibrational response
Authors: Razavian Hosein , Shooshtari Alireza
Published: January 2023

One of the most important types of misalignments is crooked ball bearing rings. In this study, effects of crooked shaft washer related to a single-row thrust ball bearing on the system vibrating response have been investigated. For this purpose, a new dynamic model including 4-dof is considered for this bearing, housing and shaft mounted on it. Contact forces between rings and balls are described according to Hertzian equation. In the following, nonlinear Euler’s equilibrium is used to describe dynamic motion of the rings solved by numerical method. It is shown that these responses contain frequencies and phases that support the specialized signature of crookedness of the shaft washer in thrust ball bearing. Verification of responses has been done by Ansys software. The effect of amount of crookedness in the shaft washer and external axial force on the responses have also been investigated.
Statistical characteristics of modal damping of long-span suspension bridge at different wind speeds
Authors: Guo Zengwei , Shi Haobo , Gong Huafeng , Ma Tao , Huang Xiaoming
Published: January 2023

The present paper combined the natural environment excitation technology (NExT) with the eigen system realization algorithm (ERA) to identify the modal parameters of a suspension bridge. Firstly, the critical parameters in NExt–ERA, such as record length, window length, and ranks of the Hankel matrix, and their influence on identification accuracy have been discussed. Subsequently, based on the acceleration series obtained from the Xihoumen Bridge Health Monitoring System, 3015 sets of modal frequencies and modal damping ratios of the Xihoumen Bridge were identified under 7 sets of wind speeds by the NExt–ERA. Finally, the probability distribution and confidence interval of the structural modal damping ratios were analyzed. Besides, the dependence of identified frequencies damping ratios on wind speed was also discussed. The results show that at the same wind speed, the mean value, and variance of the torsional and lateral mode damping ratios are larger than those of the vertical mode, but this difference gradually decreases with the increment of wind speed. The modal damping ratios along three directions under different wind speeds all follow the generalized extreme value distribution, but wind speed affects the tailing properties of probability distribution of the vertical and torsional mode damping ratios. The estimated damping ratios could provide references for structural design and vibration control of similar long-span bridges.
On the large amplitude vibration of shallow sandwich shells with FG-GNPRP core considering initial geometric imperfections
Authors: Shakir Mohammed , Talha Mohammad , Hui David , Gao Wei
Published: January 2023

The present study investigates the influence of initial geometric imperfections on large amplitude vibration of shallow sandwich shells with functionally graded graphene nanoplatelets reinforced porous (FG-GNPRP) core embedded between two aluminium facets. The aluminium core is reinforced with graphene nano-platelets (GNP) and the effective properties such as elastic modulus, and mass density, etc. are estimated using Halpin-Tsai and Voigt models, respectively. The continuous functions are adopted to accomplish micro-structural gradation while creating pores which imparts the variation in material properties along thickness direction. The nonlinear governing equations based on higher order shear deformation theory and Sander’s approximation are derived using variational approach. The nonlinearity is introduced in von-Kármán sense and various imperfection modes such as sine, global and local types are considered in transverse direction. The nonlinear results are accessed using finite element method in conjunction with direct iterative technique. The influence of porosity, GNP weight fraction, imperfection amplitude, thickness, side, and radius ratios on the vibration response of the sandwich shells is explored in detail.
Cultural safety involves new professional roles: a rapid review of interventions in Australia, the United States, Canada and New Zealand
Authors: Tremblay Marie-Claude , Olivier-D’Avignon Geneviève , Garceau Laurence , Échaquan Sandro , Fletcher Christopher , Leclerc Anne-Marie , Poitras Marie-Eve , Neashish Eniko , Maillet Lara , Paquette Jean-Sébastien
Published: January 2023

Cultural safety is a decolonizing and transformative approach to health care aimed at achieving health care that recognizes, respects and nurtures the needs, rights and identities of Indigenous peoples. Such a transformation requires new or radically reimagined professional roles. Based on a rapid review design, this synthesis aimed to identify fundamental characteristics of cultural safety interventions that involved the creation or transformation of professional roles. The 23 included studies presented three main categories of professional roles for cultural safety. These roles were focused on (a) supporting health care system navigation, (b) providing a new or improved service offering, and (c) building organizational capacity to provide culturally safe health care. Our results demonstrate that cultural safety can be implemented by key actors playing different roles at different levels of the health care organization. These roles should be viewed as complementary to one another and be defined and implemented in partnership with Indigenous partners.
Passing in plain sight: reclaiming narratives of hidden Aboriginality
Authors: Eastman Tahlia
Published: January 2023

Passing is an act of racial and cultural opacity—a historical phenomenon where people of colour masked deep familial histories—and created temporary realities without racial discrimination. While many First Nations people intentionally concealed their heritage for survival, others unknowingly passed trans-generationally later to discover their cultural histories and complex familial pasts. In times of overt political and social discrimination, passing became a real and viable option; what resulted is a legacy of transgenerational trauma that permeates the psyche of many First Nations people. This article explores the literature and film that considers passing from the United States and Australia to demonstrate a consistency of experiences between these contexts. Looking at these literary depictions of passing, we can start to articulate priorities for research on passing in Australia, especially the deconstruction of prevailing definitions of Aboriginality.
Environmental Management and Sanitation as a Malaria Vector Control Strategy: A Qualitative Cross-Sectional Study Among Stakeholders, Sunyani Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Agyemang-Badu Samuel Yaw , Awuah Esi , Oduro-Kwarteng Sampson , Dzamesi Justice Yao Woelinam , Dom Nazri Che , Kanno Girum Gebremeskel
Published: January 2023

Background:

For centuries malaria infection remains a public health burden globally as well as in the Sunyani Municipality. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to assess the prospects of environmental management and sanitation (EMS) as a malaria vector control strategy among key stakeholders involved in the prevention and control of malaria in Sunyani Municipality, Ghana.

Method:

We used an exploratory qualitative study and a designed focus group discussion (FGD) guide (with specific research questions) to solicit opinions and/or views among Malaria Control Focal Persons, Environmental Health Officers (Health Inspectors), and Honourable Assembly Members. Data were collected between December 2019 and February 2020. The responses were analyzed according to the specific research questions.

Result:

Findings from this study shows that high government support and/or political will by investing in environmental sanitation infrastructure, creating the enabling environment for strict enforcement of environmental sanitation bye-laws by Environmental Health Officers/Health Inspectors, effective and efficient collaboration among key stakeholders and organization of communal labor activities is likely to help reduce the majority of the mosquito breeding sites.

Conclusion:

The prospects of environmental management and sanitation (EMS) as a vector control strategy, look promisingly very high, pertinent, and workable and a likelihood game changer of winning the fight against malaria due to the residual transmission that is happening outdoors. However, EMS can be employed as a supplementary method to the current core vector control methods if the following conditions and bottlenecks are addressed and in place: (a) Effective collaboration among key stakeholders at all levels; (b) Adequate allocation of funds to the Environmental Health and Sanitation Department; (c) Enactment of robust educational campaigns across all educational levels and via different media; (d) Recognition, empowerment, and adequate resourcing of Environmental Health Officers; (e) Adherence to the building regulations to prevent encroachment of natural wetlands; (f) Revision of fees/fines and prosecution of sanitary offenders; (g) Enactment of an Environmental Sanitation Day (ESD), and establishment of the Environmental Health and Sanitation Fund (EHSF).
Digital resource abundance: How social media shapes success and failure of online mobilisation
Authors: Johansson Håkan , Scaramuzzino Gabriella
Published: January 2023

This article explores how and why some online protests manage to gain digital resource abundance, that is, mobilising large numbers of people and attracting wide interest and support in a short space of time. The study focuses on the case of the Swedish Petrol Uprising 2.0 which after a few months managed to mobilise 630,000 members on Facebook. The article expands established theories on online mobilisation by stressing the structural elements of social media platforms and the shaping of online mobilisations through three types of factors: resources, discourses and social positions. By combining contemporary social media research with classic stage theory, we discern the significance of each factor in the three-stage mobilisation process, leading towards digital resource abundance. The article shows that digital resource abundance serves both as a blessing and a burden for online organisers. Paradoxically, social media platforms serve as a fertile ground for bringing ‘the many’ together yet also force successful groups to stay in a stage of constant mobilising.
Effects of temperature on modal characteristics of non-uniform rigid-frame bridges
Authors: Tan Guojin , Kong Qingwen , He Xin , Liu Hanbing , Wang Hua
Published: January 2023

The effect of temperature on structural modal characteristics plays an important role in structural health monitoring and evaluation. Herein, the free vibration analysis of rigid-frame bridge is conducted by taking into account the effect of temperature. Firstly, the non-uniform rigid-frame bridge is divided into several members to develop the flexural and axial vibration equations for members under the effect of temperature in accordance with Hamilton’s principle. Secondly, each member is further divided into several segments, and the transfer relationship between segments is established to obtain the generalized dynamic stiffness matrix of the member. Then, the generalized dynamic stiffness matrix of each member is constructed by using the numerical assembly method similar to the finite element method so as to obtain the characteristic equation of rigid-frame bridge. Furthermore, the natural frequency and mode shape of the whole rigid-frame bridge are calculated by using the algorithm of Wittrick-Williams. Finally, the dynamic characteristic test of Yong-an bridge and the numerical calculation of the rigid-frame bridge are carried out to verify the generality and accuracy of the proposed method. The results indicate that the change of temperature will lead to the secondary internal force and the change of Young’s modulus, which together affect the modal characteristics of the structure, and the change of natural frequency caused by the change of Young’s modulus is greater than that caused by the secondary internal forces. In addition, there is a negative correlation between temperature and natural frequency of the rigid-frame bridge, and different temperature gradient modes also have certain influence on the mode shape of rigid-frame bridge.
Driving factors and models of window opening behaviour in Xi’an residential buildings
Authors: Liu Jiali , Wei Ying’an , Meng Qinglong , Lei Yu
Published: January 2023

Window opening behaviour is an important factor which affects the consumption of building energy. Finding out the driving factors and establishing an accurate model for window opening behaviour can improve the accuracy of the simulation of building energy consumption. However, the window opening behaviour is affected by various driving factors and has strong uncertainty, which brings difficulties for the dynamic simulation of building energy consumption. Residential buildings that were chosen had a similar number of residents, and indoor and outdoor environmental parameters and states of the windows were monitored for one year in Xi’an. The multi-factor variance method was used to analyse the influence of environmental factors, and logistic regression and back propagation neural network models were established for different seasons. The study found that the window opening frequency in the bedroom is higher than in the living room. The driving factors which affect window opening behaviour vary with seasons, and indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidity are the dominant factors. The accuracy of the proposed BP neural network models is above 70%, and the area under curve value is all above 0.7. These models can provide theoretical support for the modelling of the residential building in Xi’an.
Effect of volume fraction on microstructure and wear behavior of dual-phase brass/W surface composites fabricated via friction stir processing
Authors: Karpagarajan S , Balamurugan C , Vigneshwaran S , Abdel Aziz El-Sayed I
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study is to fabricate brass matrix composites (BMCs) via friction stir processing (FSP) for enhancing the wear resistance of brass. The tungsten (W) particles ranging from 0 to 18 vol.% were reinforced in the brass (Cu-40Zn) matrix through FSP. The FSP derived exceptional homogeneous dispersion of W particles leaving no traces of agglomeration and isolation. The bonding between the interface and brass matrix was strong due to the absence of pores and undesirable compounds. Irrespective of the density gradient, FSP nullified the unfavorable effect on W dispersion in BMCs. The BMCs revealed fine-grained structures in the microstructural studies when compared to that of as-received brass, which reported an average grain size of 13 µm. Particularly, the BMC with 18 vol.% W particles showed higher reduction in the average grain size (4 µm), which was 70% less than that of as-received brass. Furthermore, the transmission electron microscopy studies recorded discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and dense dislocations with a density of 9.31  ×  108/mm near the stir zone. This led to an improvement in the hardness of BMCs. The BMC with 0 vol.% of W particles reported a hardness of 142 Hv whereas the BMC with 18 vol.% W particles revealed a hardness value of 165 Hv. Moreover, there was a proportional increase in hardness concerning the increase in W particles. The presence of W particles dipped the wear rate of BMCs during sliding tests and emanated smaller wear debris than the brass matrix. The wear rate was found to be 341  ×  10−5mm3/m at 0 vol.% of W particles whereas the wear rate was reduced to 185 × 10−5mm3/m at 18 vol.% of W particles. The W particles in BMCs were responsible to alter the adhesive wear into abrasive wear and upgraded the wear resistance of brass material.
Alongside desire: Object Lessons and Working-Class Studies
Authors: Brim Matt
Published: January 2023

This article reconsiders Robyn Wiegman’s Object Lessons (2012) as a book that helps to discern a necessary relation between Queer Studies and Working-Class Studies, two fields that do not often share a footprint in the US academy. That relation emerges for the author in the unexpected resonance between Object Lessons and Vivian Gornick’s recently republished The Romance of American Communism (2020), a classic text about the politics of passionate longing for a better world. Likewise, Wiegman understands political desire as the animating force behind the field of Queer Studies and other identity knowledges. Brim argues that, alongside this affective threshold of belonging that constitutes the field of US Queer Studies, there exists a material threshold of belonging that renders politically indispensable academic fields as, nonetheless, sites of class-based exclusion. In the increasingly class-stratified and race-sorted academy, disciplines such as Working-Class Studies that are attentive to the material exclusions of knowledge production can help scholars to proactively set material conditions alongside political desire in a future-oriented, sustainable vision of Queer Studies.