bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Configuration of C-shaped Canals in Lower Molars from a Chilean Subpopulation
Authors: Peña Bengoa Fernando , Ibañez Carlos , Ericles Paula , Meléndez Patricio , Cáceres Carolina
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine the prevalence of C-shaped canals in lower molars (first and second molars) in a Chilean subpopulation, and to identify root configuration and demographic characteristics using cone beam tomography. Materials and method: 912 molars (456 first and 456 second molars) resulting from the analysis of 228 mandibular CBCT scans (89 men and 139 women between 15 and 80 years old) were evaluated. Through panoramic reconstruction and axial tomographic sections, the root configuration was established, and the presence and type of C-shaped canal were classified, analyzing 5 levels along the root canal. Data were statistically analyzed with a 5% significance level. Results: Of the 912 molars analyzed, 69 were classified as C-shaped (7.57%), constituting 65.72% of those molars that presented fused roots. 100% of this configuration of canals was observed in lower second molars, presenting a higher prevalence in women (n = 49, 71.01%). 40.82% of the cases that presented a C-shaped configuration manifested bilaterally. The most frequent C-shaped canal configuration was C3 (n = 347, 66.10%), according to Melton's classification. Conclusion: The C-shaped canals in the studied population were observed entirely in lower second molars, showing a clear predilection for the female sex and a high rate of bilaterality.
 
Keywords
 Anatomy; Cone beam computed tomography; Dental pulp cavity; Endodontics.
Risk factors of complications subsequent third molar extractions: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ali Dena
Published: October 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the complications that were associated with the surgical removal of third molars (M3s), and to assess the association of patient, anatomic, and surgical risk factors with the postoperative complications of surgically removed impacted M3s. Material and Methods: This study was a cohort prospective study conducted on patients, aged 17 and older, admitted to the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic. All patients who needed 1 or more extractions were included and totalled 268 patients with 314 extracted teeth. Risk factors were divided into patient factors, anatomic factors and surgical factors. The postoperative complication variables mainly included: pain, alveolar osteitis, infection, bleeding, swelling, trismus. Statistical analysis used: Chi-square test was used for the bivariate analyses while Pearson correlation coefficient (1- tailed) test was used for the purpose of determining the association between the study variables. The significance of associations was considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. Results: Patients aged of 25 years and above experienced more complications, 39 (88.6%). With respect to gender, females experienced more complications, 29 (65.9%). Mandibular M3s had more complications than maxillary M3s, 34 (8.0%), followed by distoangular inclined M3s, 23 (52.3%), and last was full bony impaction, 13 (29.5%). Pain was the most frequent complication, 18 (40.9%), followed by alveolar osteitis 12 (27.3%). Conclusion: The results indicated that the most frequently complications were pain, infection, alveolar osteitis. These complications were associated with common risk factors such as age, gender, medical history, M3 angulation, impaction level, bone removal, tooth sectioning, and number of M3 removed per session.
Keywords
 Complications; Surgical extraction; Third molar.
Cover
Authors: Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: October 2021

.
Editorial Board
Authors: Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: October 2021

.
Quality of life and the work capacity of professional nursing staff in the hospital environment
Authors: De Lima Cicylia Silveira , Ludmila Grego Maia  , Pelazza Bruno Bordin , Leite Sabrina Toffoli , Borges Cristiane José , Mendonca Guilherme Silva , Da Silveira Sebastião Elias , Sanchez Hugo Machado , Silva Luiz Almeida
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the association between life quality and the work capacity of nursing professionals in a public hospital of the public health system. A cross-sectional, quantitative study with the participation of 115 nursing professionals. The study method used the WHOQOL-brief questionnaire, the Work Capacity Index questionnaire, and a sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire.  The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, where values of p≤ 0.05 were considered significant. In terms of life quality, the domains that presented higher averages were for psychological 70.0±14.5 and social relations 70.8±19.8, with the physical domain reaching 64.4±11.9 and the environment at 57.7±13.6. The average score from the Work Capacity Index was 40.3±6.1; median: 42; IQR: 37.0-45.0), with a predominance of good and excellent for work capacity. Work capacity was increased for being male (β=3.99; p=0.016) and negatively associated to age (β=-0.31; p<0.001). In conclusion, it is verified that there is a positive correlation between the capacity for work and the evaluation of the quality of life, but it is emphasized that the sociodemographic and occupational characteristics lead the nursing professional to present a work capacity reduction, which generates alterations in the perception of life quality.
Performance of brazilian university handball players in the vertical jump after maximum strength training
Authors: Della Corte Jaime , Souza Rogério Alves de , Silva Jurandir Baptista da , Neves Eduardo Borba , Torres João Pedro Bomfim , Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto de , Lima e Silva Leandro de
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to analyze the performance of the vertical jump with counter movement (CMJ), in university handball athletes, immediately after the maximum strength training in multiple series and after 10 and 15min of rest. Twelve male athletes participated, age 20.9±2.4 years old, height 1.78±0.05m and Body Mass Index (BMI) 28.74±8.1kg/m2. After the tests and retests of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) for the dominant and non-dominant sides, in the leg extension, the volunteers performed crossover after 48 hours of the training sessions. CMJ measurements were collected before and immediately after each training protocol and after 10 and 15min of rest. Passive recovery between sets was three minutes. The intervals between training protocols were at least 45min. There were no statistical differences for the CMJ between the moments pre-, post-training session, 10 and 15min of rest in the different protocols, but progressive increases in the CMJ variables were observed, extending up to the 15th minute of rest, in all training protocols when comparing the results of the means of the CMJ variables of the moments post-training session, 10 and 15min of rest with the averages of the variables from the pre-training session, being more evident in the alternate unilateral protocol, which, unlike the other protocols of the study, performed series with the two lower limbs. It was evidenced that the training protocols of short duration and with high dynamic efforts, previously performed, influenced the performance of the CMJ, favoring for the transient improvement of the explosive muscular strength of the athletes.
Prácticas de literacidad en comunicación al realizar investigación cualitativa
Authors: Zaragoza Peralta Ana Gabriela , Montes Silva Melanie Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el proceso seguido por un grupo de estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Comunicación para elaborar un reporte de investigación cualitativa, por lo que se caracterizaron los textos leídos y producidos, y el acompañamiento docente que recibieron. El método fue la etnografía enfocada y los datos se recolectaron mediante observación de clases durante un semestre, entrevistas a la docente y un grupo focal con estudiantes. Se encontró que las actividades que la docente diseñaba para las clases eran adecuadas para propiciar la participación de los estudiantes en prácticas de literacidad académica y disciplinar, pero debido a ciertas faltas en el acompañamiento y guía que proporcionó, esto no siempre se logró y los estudiantes participaron en prácticas menos sofisticadas, acríticas y reproductivas. Como conclusión, se señala la importancia de que el docente enseñe explícitamente a los estudiantes a participar en prácticas académicas y disciplinares, a fin de que adquieran los conocimientos de su área de estudio.
School-based HealthyMe Curricula on Health Behaviors and Weight
Authors: Heo Moonseong , Martin Sarah , Tunzi Natalie , Zaret Eva , Wylie-Rosett Judith
Published: October 2021

Objective: Healthy dietary habits, physical activity, and positive mental health help prevent or manage excess weight among adolescents. HealthyMe curriculum modules are designed to improve those health behaviors among middle and high school students. Methods: The HealthyMe curriculum was implemented through health classes and health-promoting activities. We evaluated the changes in weight and key health behaviors from 23 schools across 8 states in the 2017-2018 academic year. We analyzed pre-post comparisons adjusting for lesson attendance, race/ethnicity, and age, and for clustering effects of schools. We also compared percentages of improved behaviors between sexes and between rural and non-rural schools. Results: Data were available from 1463 students (44% boys, age = 15.6 (1.3) years). Body mass index (BMI) metrics, in general, were significantly improved among students who were overweight or obese. Significant positive health behavior changes reported by both boys and girls were increasing breakfast and decreasing sugary beverage consumption. Girls significantly increased fruit and vegetable intakes and physical activities; boys significantly decreased dinner at home and physical activities. Students in rural schools tended to have a smaller number of significant changes and improved behaviors. Conclusions: The HealthyMe curriculum improved weight among students, who were overweight or obese, even though it focuses on health behaviors rather than directly addressing weight issues. The positive health behavior changes in conjunction with weight improvements may reflect synergy between the health promotion teaching and school policies.
Surveillance des expositions en laboratoire aux agents pathogènes humains et aux toxines au Canada, en 2020
Authors: Atchessi Nicole , Striha Megan , Edjoc Rojiemiahd , Thompson Emily , El Jaouhari Maryem , Heisz Marianne
Published: October 2021

Contexte : La Loi sur les agents pathogènes humains et les toxines et le Règlement sur les agents pathogènes humains et les toxines exigent que les incidents de laboratoire soient signalés au système de surveillance de déclaration des incidents en laboratoire au Canada de l’Agence de la santé publique du Canada. L’objectif du présent rapport est de décrire les incidents de laboratoire concernant des expositions survenues au Canada en 2020 et les personnes affectées par ces incidents. Méthodes : Les incidents survenus en laboratoire en 2020 dans des laboratoires canadiens autorisés ont été analysés. Le taux d’incidents d’exposition a été calculé et des statistiques descriptives ont été effectuées. Les incidents d’exposition ont été analysés selon le secteur, type d’activité, type d’événement, cause fondamentale et agent pathogène ou toxine. Les personnes affectées ont été analysées selon l’éducation, la voie d’exposition, le secteur, le rôle et l’expérience en laboratoire. Le temps écoulé entre l’incident et la date du rapport a également été analysé. Résultats : Quarante-deux incidents touchant 57 personnes ont été signalés au système de surveillance de déclaration des incidents en laboratoire au Canada en 2020. Aucune infection contractée en laboratoire n’a été soupçonnée ou confirmée. Le taux d’exposition annuel était de 4,2 incidents pour 100 permis en vigueur. La plupart des cas d’exposition sont survenus pendant les activités de microbiologie (n = 22, 52,4 %) ou ont été signalés par le secteur hospitalier (n = 19, 45,2 %). L’erreur de procédure (n = 16, 27,1 %) et les incidents liés à un objet tranchant ou pointu (n = 13, 22,0 %) étaient les incidents les plus fréquemment signalés. La plupart des personnes touchées ont été exposées par inhalation (n = 28, 49,1 %). Ils travaillaient à titre de techniciens ou de technologues (n = 36, 63,2 %). Les problèmes liés aux procédures opératoires normalisées étaient la cause fondamentale la plus courante (n = 24, 27,0 %), suivie des interactions humaines (n = 21, 23,6 %). Le nombre médian de jours entre les cas d’exposition et la date de déclaration était de six jours. Conclusion : Le taux d’incidents en laboratoire était plus faible en 2020 qu’en 2019, quoique la pandémie en cours ait pu contribuer à cette diminution en raison de la fermeture de lieux de travail non essentiels, notamment des laboratoires, pendant une partie de l’année. Le type d’incident le plus fréquent était l’erreur de procédure, tandis que les problèmes liés au non-respect des procédures opératoires normalisées et les interactions humaines étaient les causes fondamentales les plus citées.
Vaccination antigrippale pour la saison 2019–2020 et risques relatifs à la COVID-19 : une étude cas/témoins au Québec
Authors: Pépin Jacques , De Wals Philippe , Labbé Annie-Claude , Carignan Alex , Parent Marie-Elise , Yu Jennifer , Valiquette Louis , Rousseau Marie-Claude
Published: October 2021

Contexte : Nous avons effectué une étude cas/témoins qui a examiné si l’administration du vaccin antigrippal inactivé au cours de la saison 2019–2020 a eu une incidence sur les risques relatifs à la maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), car il y avait une préoccupation à savoir si le vaccin pourrait être préjudiciable par interférence virale. Méthodes : Au total, 920 cas d’infection par le coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère 2 (SRAS-CoV-2) (diagnostiquée entre mars et octobre 2020) et 2 123 témoins non infectés ont été recrutés parmi les personnes nées au Québec entre 1956 et 1976 et qui avaient reçu des services de diagnostic dans deux hôpitaux (Montréal et Sherbrooke, Québec). Après avoir obtenu le consentement, un questionnaire a été passé par téléphone. Les données ont été analysées par régression logistique. Résultats : Chez les travailleurs de la santé, le vaccin antigrippal inactivé reçu au cours de la saison grippale précédente n’était pas associé à un risque accru de COVID-19 (rapport de cotes ajusté [RCA] : 0,99, intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 0,69–1,41). Parmi les participants qui n’étaient pas des travailleurs de la santé, la vaccination antigrippale était associée à des probabilités plus faibles de COVID-19 (RCA : 0,73, IC à 95 % 0,56–0,96). Conclusion : Nous n’avons trouvé aucune preuve que le vaccin contre la grippe saisonnière augmentait le risque de développer la COVID-19.
HIV self-testing in Ottawa, Canada used by persons at risk for HIV: The GetaKit study
Authors: O’Byrne Patrick , Musten Alexandra , Vandyk Amanda , Ho Nikki , Orser Lauren , Haines Marlene , Paulin Vickie
Published: October 2021

Background: The Public Health Agency of Canada estimates that about 87% of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Canada have been diagnosed, which is well below the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS target to have 95% of HIV-positive persons diagnosed. Research has shown that HIV self-testing may help increase such diagnoses, especially among the populations who are most affected by HIV. The objective of the study was to determine the uptake and diagnosis outcomes associated with free HIV self-testing. Methods: We developed the first online mailout free HIV self-testing program in Canada and implemented it in Ottawa. This project ran through the website, www.GetaKit.ca. We intended to recruit 150–400 participants over a 6–12-month period, estimating that this number would yield between 0–1 positive test results (expected positivity rate of 0.08%). Results: Between July 20, 2020 and April 1, 2021, 1,268 people accessed the GetaKit website and verified their eligibility. In total, 600 persons were eligible and 405 ordered an HIV kit. Of those who ordered a kit, 399 completed a baseline survey. Overall, 71% of these participants were members of HIV priority groups. For test results, 228 persons reported test results, with one being positive, for a positivity rate of 0.24% overall and 0.44% of reported results. These rates exceed that normally observed in Ottawa. Conclusion: Self-testing of HIV can be effectively delivered through a website. Such an intervention will also be used by persons with undiagnosed infections and appears to do so at a rate higher than that observed by other means of testing. Self-testing of HIV may therefore help Canada achieve the United Nations 95-95-95 targets.
L’evolució de les bèsties. A propòsit del Bestiari de Pere Quart i les Histoires naturelles de Jules Renard
Authors: Malé Jordi
Published: October 2021

This paper has two aims: on the one hand, to compare Joan Oliver’s Bestiari with works such as Bestiaire ou cortège d’Orphée by Guillaume Apollinaire (1911), “Bestiario” by Ramón del Valle-Inclán (in La Pipa de Kif, 1919), The animaux et leurs hommes. The hommes et leurs animaux by Paul Éluard (1920) and, above all, Histoires naturelles by Jules Renard (1896), in search of possible influences and coincidences. The other aim is to classify and analyze the poems in order to clarify the intention with which Oliver wrotethe Bestiari and to relate it to the didactic and moral purpose of medieval Bestiaries and ancient Fables.
“El vent lluita per ésser flor”. La idea de la metamorfosi en la poesia de Joan Brossa i Federico García Lorca
Authors: Kurek Marcin , Ziarkowska Justyna
Published: October 2021

In the studies on poetry by Joan Brossa, his literary inspirations from the French tradition are indicated, but his connection with Spanish-language literature is almost nonexistent. The purpose of this article is to present Brossa’s testimonies about his Federico García Lorca readings and to compare his “Sonet del pur estrèpit” (1949) with Lorca’s “Muerte” (1931). Both poems show textual and conceptual similarities and share the theme of metamorphosis, so we propose their analysis to look for possible inspirations in different philosophical and aesthetic traditions (surrealism, Ovid, Darwin, Zen Buddhism).
Paròdia sobre paròdia. C. A. Jordana reescrit per Mercè Rodoreda
Authors: Mir Catalina
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a reinterpretation of plot parallelisms between El collar de la Núria (1927), by C. A. Jordana, and Crim (1936), by Mercè Rodoreda. The comparative analysis aims to show how Crim, in addition to working as a parody of the principles of the detective story, can be read as a parody of an earlier parody of the same genre – that is, the text by Jordana. This rewriting exercise strengthens the hypertextual link between these two novels and results in what we may call, following the terminology by Gérard Genette, a hyperparody.
La gènesi dels somatismes: accions humanes fossilitzades
Authors: Sánchez-López Elena
Published: October 2021

Somatic idioms – those including a part of the body – have been traditionally studied from a synchronic perspective, yielding different explanations for their semantic value. The main objective of this paper is to highlight the diachronic origin of idiomatic meaning, by illustrating the process of phraseologization from a historical, usage-based perspective. As the first step, we will reflect on the general nature of phraseological meaning, and then on the semantic particularities of somatic idioms. Secondly, we will carryout a corpus-based diachronic analysis of the Catalan idiom tapar-se el nas (to hold one’s nose) within the framework of the Invited Inference Theory of Semantic Change. The different stages of the process will be exemplified and discussed. As a result, a new notion of somatic idioms as frozen human actions will be presented.
Dwie przestrzenie wojennej propagandy. Język utworów moskiewskich Okien TASS
Authors: Książek Agata
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze the language of the Soviet propaganda posters from the Second World War period, containing the poetic commentary of the members of the Moscow TASS Agency. The research reveals the main means of persuasion used in the poems. The subject of the analysis is the phenomenon of spreading ideas in two basic social spheres that occurred in the Soviet Union during the war period, which include people who took direct part in military actions, and Soviet citizens who provided the army with all the necessary materials. Texts addressed to potential soldiers contained a direct call to defend the homeland and family. Their most important manipulative tools were emotional arguments and the technique of stereotyping the enemy. Ideas and personal patterns were instilled in the minds of the fighters with various linguistic manipulation techniques. The propaganda referenced to the belongingness need. Different propaganda techniques were used in poems targeted at people behind the lines of hostilities. The authors of the texts of TASS Windows used colloquial language, comprehensible to a wide audience. They created a vision of a world divided into two opposite poles and referred to respected authorities or raised new role models. The propaganda of the victory also required different techniques of information manipulation. The TASS Windows present the unique contribution of the Soviet poets to the action of the mobilization ofsociety to take part in the fight against the German aggressor.
Прагматическая функция интертекстем в веб-медиатекстах белорусских и российских интернет-СМИ
Authors: Kalechyts Alena
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the features of the functioning of phraseological units and other stable combinations in the headings of the media texts of Belarusian and Russian online newspapers. We analyze the pragmatic function of intertexts and present them as pointers to certain types of speech acts. The intent of the addressee is the most important factor in creating a text. It is usually reflected, directly or indirectly, in every communication product. The main purpose of media texts (or a hint of it) is contained in headings, especially when they are intertextemes, various renewable speech units that we classify according to the types of speech acts: representatives, rogatives,directives, commissives, contactives, declarations and expressives. Such headings are best used to perform a pragmatic function because they retain an emotional and evaluation component that stimulates communication with the mass recipient. These stable units (phraseological locutions, winged expressions and aphorisms, paroemias and compound terms) comprise the background knowledge of the participants in communication and are therefore productive language tools used by journalists in their practice. And very often the intertextemes are transformed or updated. Employees of “BelGazeta” and “Rossiyskaya Gazeta” use both the general phraseological fund of Belarusians and Russians and the national language means in web media texts. The headlines of “BelGazeta” havea distinctive feature, as they mix graphic and lexical systems of different languages (Russian, Belarusian,English and, less frequently, Ukrainian). This fact can be explained, firstly, by the tendency to widely spread the features of the conversational speech of Belarusians, trasyanka, in book speech styles. And, secondly, by the address policy of the publication of the named newspaper, which is aimed at the mass Belarusian reader. Following the use of occasionalisms, updated stable expressions, we also call the above feature a specific method of influencing the addressee.
Конфессиональная лексика в русском переводе энциклики папы Франциска Laudato si’ – пространство традиции и современности
Authors: Wideł-Ignaszczak Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

The paper provides a study of religious lexis excerpted from the Russian translation of the encyclical letter Laudato si’. The Russian version of the encyclical was translated and published by Russian Franciscan Publishing House. The analyzed material consisting of single words, as well as compound multi-word expressions, related to the Catholic denomination (264 lexical items – 1000 uses, which accounts for 14% of the entire encyclical), was grouped into semantic fields. The vocabulary was described in terms of the semantics and its functioning and codification, both in the contemporary Russian religious language and in general Russian language. It was assumed that the encyclical is addressed not only to the representatives of the Church hierarchy but also to all the faithful. Hence, there was the need to draw attention to the pragmatic aspects of the religious language, including the balance between comprehensibility and the use of specialist theological terminology in the translated text. It was demonstrated that the majority of the lexical items of religious terminology is coded by the explanatory dictionary of the contemporary Russian language, except for 14 lexical items related to the Catholic denomination that enhance the lexis of the contemporaryRussian language.
Narracyjność językowego obrazu ludzkiej egzystencji w polskich i rosyjskich połączeniach wyrazowych zawierających czasowniki ruchu iść/идти, сhodzić/ходить (na materiale leksykograficznym)
Authors: Zając-Haduch Karina
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study is to show narrative (narration) as a category that combines individual elements of knowledge, expressed through language, and, thus, ensures the cohesion of the linguistic and cultural picture of the world. In the light of this concept, the linguistic-cultural picture of the world is understood as a dynamic, multi-layered narrative depending on the accepted points of view, intentions, approaches and methods of conceptualization, categorization and axiologization of reality adopted in this culture. This article deals with the narrative of human life, which creates the expressions in Polish and Russian that contain verbs of movement. The analysis of the chosen phrases allows us to determine how similar life experiences are perceived in both languages, as well as to what extent the cultural conditions and the genetic proximity of both languages have an influence on similarities in the image of human existence.
Из наблюдений над способами выражения отрицания в церковнославянском тексте русского извода
Authors: Szwed Zofia
Published: October 2021

The article describes the specificity of the changes that took place in the process of dissemination of double negation, typical for Slavic languages, visible in the Ruthenian recension of Church Slavonic texts. The reflections on the achievements in the field are enriched with the results of research on the text of Gospel No. 7 from the collection of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA F. 381. Op. 1 Unit hr 7), which has not been analyzed so far in terms of the issues raised. Nearly three hundred negative structures were subjected to observations. In order to determine the number of single negation cases in relation to double negation the main focus was on structures such as: (1) ni Pron + V, (2) ni Pron + ne V oraz (3) ne V + ni Pron. It was determined, among other things, that their use was influenced by both the literature tradition and live language with elements of the northern dialect of the East Slavonic. On the other hand, the analysis of the negative structures preceding homogeneous parts of the sentence revealed the tendency, manifested onthe leaves of the monument, to transform towards the norm of the contemporary Russian language.
„Die Moskauer Sonne scheint überall“. Die sowjetische Hauptstandt als Raum der Utopie in Das neue Moskau (1938) und Die Schweinepflegerin und der Hirt (1941)
Authors: Chertenko Alexander
Published: October 2021

Basing on Aleksandr Medvedkin’s New Moscow and Ivan Pyryev’s The Swineherd and the Shepherd, this case study analyses the way the “new” Moscow was represented as a space of realised utopia in the Soviet socialist realist films of the 1930s and at the beginning of the 1940s. Functioning as a supranational centre of the Soviet “affirmative action empire” (Terry Martin), the cinematographic Moscow casts off all constraints of ‘Russianness’ in order to become a pan-Soviet model which, both in its architecture and semantics, could epitomize the perfect city and the perfect state. The comparative analysis of both films demonstrates that, although both directors show Moscow through the lens of the so-called “spaces of celebration” (Mikhail Ryklin), ‘their’ Soviet capital does not compensate for the “traumas of the early phases of enforced urbanization”, as Ryklin supposed. Rather, it operates as a transformation machine whose impact pertains only to periphery and can be effective once the representatives of this periphery have left Moscow. The complex inclusion and exclusion mechanisms resulting from this logic turn the idealised Soviet capital into a space which only the guests from peripheral regions can perceive as utopian. The ensuing suppression ofthe inner perspectives on ‘utopian’ Moscow is interpreted here as a manifestation of the “cinematicunconscious”, which accounts for the anxieties of the inhabitants of the capital concerning both Stalinist terror and their own hegemony in a society haunted by the purges.
Effect of laser beam truncation (pinhole), (ordered) dithering, and jitter on residual smoothness after poly(methyl methacrylate) ablations, using a close-to-Gaussian beam profile
Authors: Verma Shwetabh , Hesser Juergen , Arba-Mosquera Samuel
Published: October 2021

Smoother surfaces after laser vision correction have been widely accepted as a factor for improving visual recovery regardless of the used technique (PRK, LASIK, or even SMILE). We tested the impact of laser beam truncation, dithering (expressing a continuous profile on a basis of lower resolution causing pixels to round up/down the number of pulses to be placed), and jitter (a controlled random noise (up to ±20 µm in either direction) added to the theoretical scanner positions) on residual smoothness after Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) ablations, using a close-to-Gaussian beam profile. A modified SCHWIND AMARIS system has been used providing a beam profile with the following characteristics: close-to-Gaussian beam profile with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 540 µm, 1050 Hz. Laser parameters have been optimized followingInvest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 2021–2037, 2017, the pulse energy has been optimized followingBiomed. Opt. Expressvol. 4, pp. 1422–1433, 2013. For the PMMA ablations, two configurations (with a 0.7 mm pinhole and 0.75 mJ and without pinhole and 0.9 mJ (for fluences of 329 mJ/cm2and 317 mJ/cm2and corneal spot volumes of 174 and 188 pl)) were considered, along with two types of lattices (with and without ordered dithering to select the optimum pulse positions), and two types of spot placement (with and without jitter). Real ablations on PMMA (ranging from −12D to +6D with and without astigmatism of up to 3D) completed the study setup. The effect of the 2 × 2 × 2 different configurations was analyzed based on the roughness in ablation estimated from the root mean square error in ablation. Truncation of the beam is negatively associated to a higher level of residual roughness; ordered dithering to select the optimum pulse positions is positively associated to a lower level of residual roughness; jitter is negatively associated to a higher level of residual roughness. The effect of dithering was the largest, followed by truncation, and jitter had the lowest impact on results. So that: Dithering approaches help to further minimize residual roughness after ablation; minimum (or no) truncation of the beam is essential to minimize residual roughness after ablation; and jitter shall be avoided to minimize residual roughness after ablation. The proposed model can be used for optimization of laser systems used for ablation processes at relatively low cost and would directly improve the quality of results. Minimum (or no) truncation of the beam is essential to minimize residual roughness after ablation. Ordered dithering without jitter helps to further minimize residual roughness after ablation. Other more complex dithering approaches may further contribute to minimize residual roughness after ablation.
Literaturausstellungen als Textedition
Authors: Gfrereis Heike
Published: October 2021

Literary exhibitions edit texts in their material aggregate states along with their material resistances and transitions and in a literary field which includes epi- and paratexts of all kinds. Texts, epi- and paratexts become ‘poetic things’ in an exhibition, in which production and reception merge. In this way, literary exhibitions can expand the traditional text-genetic edition. This is explained using the examples of exhibitions of the German Literature Archive / Museum of Modern Literature Marbach.
Tiefenbohrungen in den musikwissenschaftlichen Werk- und Autorschaftsbegriff mit digitalen Werkzeugen
Authors: Martensen Karin
Published: October 2021

The concept of work and authorship have long been the subject of intense reflection in historical musicology. Edition projects deal with composers and their work process and have developed new approaches for this purpose. Against the background of the question of where the ‘text’ to be edited actually ends, this paper discusses the possibilities of making director’s piano score (Regieklavierauszug) digitally visible and thus interpretable (understood as a work ‘sui generis’). Furthermore, the creative process of all participants in the classical sound recording is considered in terms of its digital visibility. On the basis of my research data from the DFG project “The sound recording studio as a discoursive room” at the TU Berlin/Audiokommunikation (participant observation, interviews, transcripts of recording processes, evaluations with MaxQDA) I show that these creative processes in the collaborative interaction of artists and engineers can also be found in classical music. By evaluating these (and other) materials with the help of MEI and TEI, new ways of ‘work’ and ‘authorship’ are also explored in this genre. Ultimately, this should also establish the sound recording as a ‘sui generis’ work.
Skill complementarity in production technology: New empirical evidence and implications
Authors: Stoyanov Andrey , Zubanov Nick
Published: October 2021

Danish manufacturing firm data reveal that 1) industries differ in within-firm worker skill (= wage) dispersion, and 2) within-firm skill dispersion positively correlates with firm productivity in industries with higher average skill dispersion. We argue that these patterns reflect technological differences between industries: firms in the “skill complementarity” industries profit from hiring similarly able workers, while the “skill substitutability” firms thrive on skill differences. Our study produces a robust, data-driven and theoretically validated classification of industries into the complementarity and substitutability groups, unveils hitherto unnoticed technological heterogeneity between industries within the same economy, and illustrates its importance through simulations.
Leveraging Political Resources: Applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence
Authors: Wiley Kimberly Kay
Published: October 2021

As politics becomes increasingly polarized, the value of collective political action becomes more visible and overt. Nonprofit organizations act collectively in pursuit of their policy goals in nearly all aspects of public policy. Understanding how nonprofits borne of social movements engage politically expands our insight into advocacy coalition behavior following seemingly effective social movements. The coalition’s leveraging of political resources provides us this insight. This study assesses the policy activities produced or maintained within a U.S. national domestic violence advocacy coalition over its lifetime to determine how and when resources were leveraged. A directed content analysis is conducted on historical data to capture the evolution of coalition activities over a 41-year period. The coalition’s emphasis on policy change waned over time as it achieved its policy goals. The coalition then leaned on its largest resources, mobilizable troops, and information to increasingly emphasize policy implementation and evaluation. These findings indicate thatwhenin the policy process coalitions leverage their political resources may be more important thanhowcoalitions leverage resources. Framing nonprofit political activity across the stages of the policy process can open doors to better use of scarce political resources.
Early Neolithic Husbandry in the Pre-Pyrenean Area. The Management of Herds at the Cova Colomera (Serra del Montsec, Spain) and Its Implications for the Early Occupation of the Region
Authors: Martín Patricia , Oms F. Xavier
Published: October 2021

The Cova Colomera is located in the pre-Pyrenees, at a central point of a set of natural paths traditionally used by shepherds for herd movements. The Early Neolithic occupations documented in this cave (5250–4780 cal. BC) make it a key point for understanding the beginning of husbandry in the area. In this work, we present a zooarchaeological study of the macrofaunal remains recovered from these Early Neolithic occupations of the Cova Colomera. As observed at other sites in the region, the herds that occupied the Cova Colomera were mainly composed of domestic sheep and goats, raised for their milk and meat. Cattle, as well as a variety of wild animals, served as a food supplement and a source of secondary resources. The low number of recovered remains is interpreted as evidence of the low intensity and/or short duration of the occupations, which would have taken place at different times of the year, mainly in spring and autumn. This suggests that the Cova Colomera was used as a transient settlement during the movement of flocks. The data corroborate the idea that the natural resources of the pre-Pyrenees were exploited by the earliest shepherds in the Early Neolithic.
Hacia una smart property inmobiliaria: tokenización, internet of things y blockchainización registral
Authors: Argelich Comelles Cristina
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo aborda la implementación civil y registral de una smart property inmobiliaria en España, a la luz de la experiencia comparada. Para ello, se formula una teoría general y remedios para la smart property inmobiliaria, evolucionando hacia la adaptación del contrato y la ejecución de las garantías, así como un Registro de la Propiedad blockchainizado. La smart property inmobiliaria requiere de la Tokenización de la propiedad, la reformulación de la traditio, y la implementación de la Proptech, en particular, el Internet of Things, para conseguir una correcta vinculación y control remoto entre una finca y su correspondiente activo digital operado en una blockchain. Finalmente, se examinará la necesaria blockchainización registral y sus adaptaciones legales, así como el papel del Land Registry Interconnection y la plataforma IMOLA en la Unión, y de Alastria Blockchain Ecosystem en España para la consecución de una smart property inmobiliaria.
DEVER LEGAL DE FIDELIDADE RECÍPROCA DOS CÔNJUGES
Authors: REZENDE RENATO HORTA
Published: October 2021

O dever de fidelidade recíproco entre os cônjuges constitui um dos mais relevantes deveres do casamento ou união estável sendo disciplinado pela legislação brasileira há mais de um século. Todavia, o amadurecimento e transformações sociais trouxeram enormes alterações nas relações familiares sendo relevante examinar se ainda existiriam sanções a serem impostas àquele que descumpre esse dever jurídico. O desenvolvimento teórico e investigativo impresso na pesquisa se deu por meio de método científico hipotético-dedutivo, sendo apresentados conceitos gerais, sobre os quais, em um segundo momento, foram testas hipóteses acerca da existência de sanções e suas limitações. A pesquisa possui caráter eminentemente teórico com a finalidade de contribuir para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio jurídico-científico tendo sido analisados posicionamentos de autores renomados e decisões proferidas pelos tribunais superiores sobre o tema com a perspectiva de se apresentar parâmetros a nortear reflexões. As hipóteses apresentadas foram confirmadas.
El ENJUCIAMIENTO PENAL DE LAS PERSONAS CON PROBLEMAS DE SALUD MENTAL
Authors: Piay Tomás
Published: October 2021

En el presente trabajo se analiza la problemática que suscita el enjuiciamiento penal de aquellas personas que se encuentran privadas de capacidad procesal debido a una situación de enfermedad o trastorno mental que les impide conocer y participar válidamente en el proceso, cuestión que cuenta con una muy deficitaria regulación procesal que hace peligrar los derechos fundamentales del sujeto pasivo del proceso. Asimismo, existe una doctrina jurisprudencial que mantiene criterios contradictorios al respecto, pues mientras algunas sentencias del Tribunal Supremo validan el enjuiciamiento penal del sujeto pasivo, aun a los efectos de imposición de una medida de seguridad, otras sentencias abogan por el archivo del proceso y remiten al proceso civil para acordar las medidas que correspondan, al considerar que no es posible celebrar juicio oral frente a quien carece de capacidad procesal suficiente por enfermedad o trastorno mental, pues así se vulnerarían sus derechos y garantías constitucionales.
¿En qué condiciones encarcelar a un presunto inocente para realizar la justicia penal?
Authors: POMARES ESTHER , MARTÍN MANUEL
Published: October 2021

Las premisas internacionales sobre las condiciones efectivas del encarcelamiento de una persona encausada (Reglas Nelson Mandela, Reglas de Bangkok, Reglas Penitenciarias Europeas, doctrina del TEDH) obligan a adoptar mecanismos de garantía tanto en la legislación penitenciaria, como a la hora de acordar judicialmente la medida de prisión preventiva y supervisar el cómo de su cumplimiento, porque, de no ser así, se quebrarían salvaguardias esenciales en la privación del propio derecho fundamental a la libertad.
Esta otra vertiente esencial de la medida cautelar de prisión preventiva ha sido generalmente desatendida por el Tribunal Constitucional, que se ha volcado en lo relativo a sus presupuestos y el derecho de defensa, reflejándose ese mismo grado de abandono en la legislación penitenciaria aplicada.
El incumplimiento en España de un régimen de preventivos distinto y separado de la población reclusa penada es una razón material para erradicar esta figura del escenario de la cárcel
Los denominados delitos de odio: Análisis dogmático y tratamiento jurisprudencial
Authors: Andrés Domínguez Ana Cristina
Published: October 2021

Uno de los derechos fundamentales de la persona, por el mero hecho de serlo, es la no discriminación por razón del nacimiento, raza, sexo, religión, opinión o cualquier otra condición o circunstancia personal o social. En nuestro Ordenamiento jurídico, el principal instrumento para la lucha contra la discriminación por móviles racistas, ideológicos, religiosos, lo constituye el artículo 510 del Código penal, modificado por la L.O. 1/2015, de 30 de marzo. En el presente estudio se analiza la compatibilidad del art. 510 con la Decisión Marco 2008/913/JAI del Consejo de 28 de noviembre de 2008 y la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional, así como la aplicación que de los citados delitos efectúa la Jurisprudencia.
Application of Design of Expert software for evaluating the influence of formulation variables on the encapsulation efficacy, drug content and particle size of PEO-PPO-PEO/Poly(DL-lactide-co-caprolactone) nanoparticles as carriers for SN-38
Authors: Koliqi Rozafa , Breznica Pranvera , Daka Arlinda , Koshi Blerina
Published: October 2021

Background and aims. Hydrophobic substances are mainly encapsulated into polymer nanocarriers in order to improve their solubility, enable their administration, at the same time to empower targeted tissue or cell specific delivery of the drug using the encapsulating vehicle as targeting and controlled release platform. 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) is an active metabolite of Irinotecan, showing 100- fold to 1000-fold higher effect than Irinotecan, but its clinical use is limited because of its extreme hydrophobicity, as it is practically insoluble in most physiologically compatible and pharmaceutically acceptable solvents.

Method. In order to fully exploit the potential of the nanoprecipitation as a method for preparation of Poly(DL-lactide-co-caprolactone)- poly(ethylene oxide) - poly(propylene oxide) - poly(ethylene oxide) (P(DL)LCL/PEO-PPO-PEO) nanoparticles and evaluate the influence of the polymer P(DL)LCL, stabilizing agent PEO-PPO-PEO copolymer (Lutrol F127) and the drug concentration (SN-38) upon drug entrapment efficiency, size and drug content, a D-optimal experimental design for response surface using Design Expert Version 9.0.4.1. software investigation was created and statistically analyzed.

Results. We have observed that at higher SN-38 concentration during the preparation procedure (nanoprecipitation, solvent diffusion method), and due to its extremely low water solubility, the drug will start to precipitate as unprotected crystals at a faster pace compared to polymer aggregation, leading to extremely low encapsulation efficacy and waste of the active compound. The most desirable combination of factor settings are SN-38=0.5 mg, Polymer=5mg and F127=4%.

Conclusion. This investigation utilizes the design of experiment approach and extends the primary understanding of impact of formulation development of P(DL)LCL/PEO-PPO-PEO nanoparticles as carriers for SN-38.
Airway changes in patients with sleep apnea using AdvanSync2 Class II correctors – a case series
Authors: Keerthana Pasupureddi , Negi Gunjan , Chitra Prasad
Published: October 2021

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition that affects a patient’s ability to sleep normally, predisposing them to many risks and reduced quality of life. Myofunctional therapy has been proven to increase the airway space according to literature.

Aim. To report the effects of AdvanSync2 Class II corrector in the management of 3 orthodontic patients who reported sleeping difficulties due to breathing problems and retrognathic mandible.

Case presentation. Three patients reported to Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics with Class II malocclusion associated with sleep apnea requiring treatment. Clinical examination revealed a retrognathic mandible with airway constriction in all subjects. A non-extraction approach using an AdvanSync2 Class II corrector (Ormco Corp, Glendora, Calif) with fixed appliances was considered. Lateral cephalometric records were obtained at three stages: pre-treatment, post functional and prefinishing/post treatment. The airway was divided into 3 parts in the lateral cephalogram: velopharynx, hypopharynx and glossopharynx. The most constricted part of the airway was noted. Pre and post treatment lateral cephalograms were compared to assess the changes in airway dimensions after using AdvanSync2. Significant enhancement in airway dimensions was noted in all three parts (velopharynx, glossopharynx and hypopharynx) in all patients.

Conclusion. Airway assessment is an important aspect in orthodontic diagnosis. Use of the AdvanSync2 Class II corrector in combination with fixed orthodontic appliances enhanced quality of life in Class II patients by improving airway dimensions. This approach can be recommended in the management of mild to moderate Class II malocclusions associated with mandibular retrognathism and airway constriction.