bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Takahasi Nearest-Neighbour Gas Revisited; Stockmayer Gases with a Hard Core
Authors: Matsumoto Akira
Published: February 2015

Some thermodynamic quantities for the Stockmayer potential (12, 6, 3) with a hard core are analytically evaluated at an isobaric process. The parameters of polar gases for 16 substances are obtained. Also some thermodynamic quantities for H2O are calculated numerically and drawn graphically. The inflexion point of the length L corresponds physically to a boiling point. L indicates the liquid phase from lower temperature to the inflexion point and the gaseous phase from the inflexion point to higher temperature. The boiling temperatures indicate reasonable values compared with experimental data. The behaviour of L suggests the chance of a first-order phase transition in one-dimension.
The Effects of Sine-Squared Pulse Modulation Correlated Noises on Stochastic Resonance in Single-Mode Laser
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yun , Chen Pei-Jie , Zhang Liang-Ying
Published: February 2015

By means of the linear approximation method, the output intensity power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a single-mode laser driven by sine-squared pulse modulation correlated noise are calculated. The effects of amplitude B, period T, and width t on the resonance curves of SNR to the pump noise intensities and quantum noise intensities of pulse are discussed, and it is found that the SNR shows a stochastic resonance with the varying of pulse width τ
On Characterization Canal Surfaces around Timelike Horizontal Biharmonic Curves in Lorentzian Heisenberg Group Heis3
Authors: Turhan Essin , Körpinar Talat
Published: February 2015

In this paper, we describe a new method for constructing a canal surface surrounding a timelike horizontal biharmonic curve in the Lorentzian Heisenberg group Heis3. Firstly, we characterize timelike biharmonic curves in terms of their curvature and torsion. Also, by using timelike horizontal biharmonic curves, we give explicit parametrizations of canal surfaces in the Lorentzian Heisenberg group Heis3
Crystal-Field Energy Levels of Trivalent Erbium Ion in Cubic Symmetry
Authors: Laachir Said , Moussetad Mohamed , Adhiri Rahma
Published: February 2015

This paper describes a scheme for the numerical calculation of crystal field (CF) energy levels and at the same time wave functions of the trivalent erbium ion in cubic symmetry. The 16-fold degenerate term 4I15=2 of the trivalent erbium ion splits into three Stark quartets Γ8 and two different doublets Γ6 and Γ7 (irreducible representations). The CF energy matrix of the Er3+ ion has been constructed and calculated from the complete diagonalization method, and the corresponding wave functions were used to calculate the ground state g-values. This method is outlined and illustrated by the examples of the Si:Er for comparison. The calculated g-factors are g = 6:8 and g = 6:0 for Γ6 and Γ7, respectively
Synthesis, Properties and Crystal Structure of a Novel Ni(II) Complex Derived from a 4-Heterocyclic Acylpyrazolone
Authors: Ding Yong-Jie , Zhao Chun-Xiang , Pei Chao-Yu , Wen Guo-Xuan
Published: February 2015

The new 4-acylpyrazolone 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenyl-4-thenoyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol (HCPTP) and its Ni(II) complex [Ni(CPTP)2(C2H5OH)2](C2H5OH)2 were synthesized. The ligand and the complex were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals of HCPTP are monoclinic, space group P21/c with Z = 4 while [Ni(CPTP)2(C2H5OH)2](C2H5OH)2 belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1̄ with Z = 2. The complex has a six-coordinated Ni(II) center in a distorted octahedral configuration with two ethanol ligands in cis position. These octahedral units are connected through hydrogen bonds via the coordinated and uncoordinated ethanol molecules.
Intermediate-valent Cerium in Ce2Ru4Mg17 and a Group-Subgroup Scheme for La9Ru4In5 and Ce9Ru4Ga5
Authors: Linsinger Stefan , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Eul Matthias , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2015

Ce2Ru4Mg17 was synthesized by high-frequency melting of the elements in a sealed tantalum ampoule. This magnesium-rich compound crystallizes with a new tetragonal structure type: I4̄2m, a = 986.75(8), c = 1008.7(1) pm, wR2 = 0.0513, 909 F2 values and 34 variables. The striking structural motifs in the Ce2Ru4Mg17 structure are slightly bent CeRu2 units with short Ce-Ru distances of 231 pm and additionally a short Ce-Ce distance of 307 pm. These features are a direct consequence of the cerium valence. The CeRu2 units are embedded in a magnesium-rich matrix with a broad range of Mg-Mg distances (291 - 361 pm). Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility data show intermediate-valent behavior of the cerium atoms (0.23(5) μB per Ce atom) and no magnetic ordering down to 3 K, indicative of almost tetravalent cerium in Ce2Ru4Mg17. The ceriumrich gallide Ce9Ru4Ga5 shows an unusually short Ce-Ru distance of 237 pm for the Ce2 position as a result of an intermediate cerium valence. The structural distortions are discussed on the basis of a group-subgroup scheme for La9Ru4In5 (space group I4/mmm) and the superstructure variant Ce9Ru4Ga5 (space group I4mm).
An Efficient Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted Triazoles in Water via CuCl2/Zn-Catalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition
Authors: Jiang Yuqin , Zhang Peng , Li Wei , Li Xiaojing , Xu Guiqing
Published: February 2015

An efficient method for the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted triazoles in water at room temperature has been developed using CuCl2/Zn as a catalyst system. Under the optimized conditions, a novel series of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized.
Enviro-economic, Ultrasound-assisted One-pot, Three-component Synthesis of Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Hussein Essam M.
Published: February 2015

Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) was found to be an efficient phase-transfer catalyst for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines by one-pot reaction of 6-aminouracils, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate in water under ultrasonic irradiation. The advantages of this method are the use of an inexpensive and readily available catalyst, short reaction time, easy work-up, improved yields, and the use of water as a solvent that is environmentally benign.
Crystal Structure of a Novel Furo-Furan Lactone from Heliotropium eichwaldi
Authors: Firdous Sadiqa , Ansari Nida Hassan , Ngb Seik Weng , Yousuf Sammer , Malik Abdul
Published: February 2015

A novel furo-furan lactone 1 has been isolated as fine needles from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Heliotropium eichwaldi. This is the first report of any furo-furan from the genus Heliotropium. β -Sitosterol 3-O-β -D-glucoside 2 has also been obtained for the first time from this source. The structure of 1 was elucidated by X-ray diffraction studies.
A Novel Pathway to Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. Access through Imino Pyridinium Salts
Authors: Neue Benedikt , Fröhlich Roland , Würthwein Ernst-Ulrich
Published: February 2015

A new synthetic strategy for the preparation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines 10 is reported, which is based on the electrocyclization reaction of imino pyridinium salts 7 upon treatment with a strong base. The starting materials are easily prepared from 2-aminopyridine (3) by imine condensation and subsequent alkylation at the pyridine nitrogen atom. The ring closure reaction of the zwitterionic intermediate 8 to give a five-membered ring proceeds in low yield forming first the dihydro compound 9, which under the reaction conditions is transformed into the corresponding aromatic compounds 10 and 11 by air oxidation. The mechanism of the electrocyclization reaction is interpreted in detail by quantum-chemical calculations.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 3-Substituted and 3,4-Disubstituted Piperidine und Piperidin-2-one Derivatives
Authors: Klegraf Ellen , Kunz Horst
Published: February 2015

The stereoselective synthesis of 3-substituted and 3,4-disubstituted piperidine and piperidin-2-one derivatives was achieved starting from 2-pyridone. After N-galactosylation and subsequent O-silylation, nucleophilic addition of organometallic reagents proceeded with high regio- and stereoselectivity at 4-position. Substituents at position 3 were stereoselectively introduced by reaction of electrophiles with amide enolates of the N-galactosyl-2-piperidones.
Programming and reprogramming a human heart cell
Authors: Sahara Makoto , Santoro Federica , Chien Kenneth R
Published: February 2015

The latest discoveries and advanced knowledge in the fields of stem cell biology and developmental cardiology hold great promise for cardiac regenerative medicine, enabling researchers to design novel therapeutic tools and approaches to regenerate cardiac muscle for diseased hearts. However, progress in this arena has been hampered by a lack of reproducible and convincing evidence, which at best has yielded modest outcomes and is still far from clinical practice. To address current controversies and move cardiac regenerative therapeutics forward, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the key cellular and molecular programs involved in human cardiogenesis and cardiac regeneration. In this review, we consider the fundamental principles that govern the “programming” and “reprogramming” of a human heart cell and discuss updated therapeutic strategies to regenerate a damaged heart.
Replisome Function During Replicative Stress Is Modulated by Histone H3 Lysine 56 Acetylation Through Ctf4
Authors: Luciano Pierre , Dehé Pierre-Marie , Audebert Stéphane , Géli Vincent , Corda Yves
Published: February 2015

Histone H3 lysine 56 acetylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the maintenance of genome stability under normal conditions and upon DNA replication stress. Here we show that in the absence of H3 lysine 56 acetylation replisome components become deleterious when replication forks collapse at natural replication block sites. This lethality is not a direct consequence of chromatin assembly defects during replication fork progression. Rather, our genetic analyses suggest that in the presence of replicative stress H3 lysine 56 acetylation uncouples the Cdc45–Mcm2-7–GINS DNA helicase complex and DNA polymerases through the replisome component Ctf4. In addition, we discovered that the N-terminal domain of Ctf4, necessary for the interaction of Ctf4 with Mms22, an adaptor protein of the Rtt101-Mms1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, is required for the function of the H3 lysine 56 acetylation pathway, suggesting that replicative stress promotes the interaction between Ctf4 and Mms22. Taken together, our results indicate that Ctf4 is an essential member of the H3 lysine 56 acetylation pathway and provide novel mechanistic insights into understanding the role of H3 lysine 56 acetylation in maintaining genome stability upon replication stress.
A cognitively plausible model for grammar induction
Authors: Katzir Roni
Published: February 2015

This paper aims to bring theoretical linguistics and cognition-general theories of learning into closer contact. I argue that linguists' notions of rich UGs are well-founded, but that cognition-general learning approaches are viable as well and that the two can and should co-exist and support each other. Specifically, I use the observation that any theory of UG provides a learning criterion -- the total memory space used to store a grammar and its encoding of the input -- that supports learning according to the principle of Minimum Description-Length. This mapping from UGs to learners maintains a minimal ontological commitment: the learner for a particular UG uses only what is already required to account for linguistic competence in adults. I suggest that such learners should be our null hypothesis regarding the child's learning mechanism, and that furthermore, the mapping from theories of UG to learners provides a framework for comparing theories of UG.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF SENNA HIRSUTA MILL USING ANIMAL MODEL-MICE
Authors: Coolborn Akharaiyi Fred , Boboye Bolatito , Omolara Akpambang Victoria
Published: February 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the in-vitro and in-vivo antibacterial and biochemical activities of 50, 100 and 200mg.mL-1 concentrations of ethanol leaf extract of Senna hirsuta (hairy senna) against seven human pathogenic bacteria species namely: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhi. The in-vitro bioassay revealed the leaf extracts of valuable antibacterial activity where zones of inhibition ranging from 12.1mm to 39.1mm were observed on the test bacteria species. Among the test bacteria, K. pneumoniae was the most inhibited and S. typhi the least inhibited. On mice infection with the bacteria species for three days, decrease in weight of mice was observed. The in-vivo therapeutic use of the extracts in mice infected with the bacteria pathogens resulted to weight gain of the mice and other physiological changes that indicated health improvement of the mice and was also of hepatoprotective potential. The in-vivo antioxidant assay exhibited satisfactory therapeutic effects where improvement in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) status of mice was observed on comparing results of the positive and negative controls.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, FATTY ACID COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF FOUR MINOR OILS
Authors: Mondal B.
Published: February 2015

Four minor seed oils from Abroma augusta (AA), Annona squamosa (AS), Bombax ceiba (BC) and Ceiba pentandra (CP) plants were refined and refined seed oils were analyzed for their physicochemical properties. All the refined seed oils had normal physicochemical characteristics. The seed oils except CP also had usual fatty acid composition and contained a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids namely linoleic and oleic, a suitable criterion of edibility of vegetable oils. In addition to normal fatty acids, the refined CP seed oil also contained 10.6% cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA), therefore, is not recommended as a dietary source of fat unless a suitable method is developed for its removal or detoxification. Nutritional evaluation of the refined seed oils were carried out in rats by feeding the respective oils and peanut oil as control at 10% level in a 20% protein diet with adequate vitamins and minerals. The refined CP seed oil showed poor growth performance, low FER, altered lipid metabolism and histopathological abnormalities in the liver which indicate the unsuitability of it for edible purpose. Growth performances, FER, serum and liver lipids, organ weights and histopathological findings of other three minor oils were satisfactory and comparable to that of peanut oil, therefore, they can be considered for edible use.
LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM MCC2034, A NOVEL ISOLATE FROM TRADITIONAL INDIAN LACTIC FERMENTED PREPARATION: MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF ITS IN VITRO PROBIOTIC POTENTIAL
Authors: Elisha Henry David , Motiram Halami Prakash , Gurudutt Prapulla Siddalingaiya
Published: February 2015

In the present study, the in vitro probiotic properties and molecular characterization (16S rRNA gene sequencing) of L. plantarum MCC2034, a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolated from Takrarista, traditionally used for the treatment of various gastro-intestinal maladies are presented. The isolate under study has been proved to be a potent producer of exopolysaccharide (EPS). The molecular identification of the strain was carried out using 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. The ability of the strain to survive the transit through the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) was carried out using in vitro gastric system. Additionally, the in vitro adhesion property (viz. bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbon assay and autoaggregation) and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity of L. plantarum MCC2034 were carried out. Antibiotic resistance profile was determined using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test against tetracycline, ampicillin, streptomycin, etc. The results of the in vitro probiotic characterization indicated that L. plantarum MCC2034 is capable of surviving the adverse conditions encountered during its passage through the GIT besides showing promise with respect to BSH and the antibiotic resistance profile also indicated that the strain is within the recommended limits. In conclusion, it can be stated that L. plantarum MCC2034, a Takrarista isolate capable of producing EPS, exhibited effective in vitro probiotic potential.
Cellulase Production from Filamentous Fungi for Its Application in the Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw
Authors: Toscano-Palomar L. , Montero-Alpirez G. , Stilianova-Stoytcheva M. , Vertiz-Pelaez E. , Romero Uscanga y E.
Published: February 2015

Extended research has been developed in the use of wheat straw (WS) as biomass for the production of biofuels (bioethanol), including the processes of degradation of cellulose by enzymatic systems. For centuries, Cellulose has been used by man; however, its enormous potential as a renewable energy source was recognized only after the discovery of cellulose degrading enzymes (cellulases). A wide variety of microorganisms can produce cellulolytic enzymes under appropriate culture conditions and among these microorganisms are filamentous fungi of the genera Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The purpose of this study was to produce cellulase enzyme from previously isolated and characterized filamentous fungi. Cellulytic fungi belonged toAspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium sp.,andTrichoderma harzianum.All these strains were preserved by lyophilization and also kept in sterile media (sand and soil) at 4 °C. The production of cellulases by submerged fermentation was performed in a Mandels mineral medium. The nitrogen sources were urea and ammonium sulfate. Glucose alone was used in the pre-inoculum, and dried and ground wheat straw was used in the fermentation as carbon sources. Subcultures of spore suspensions were incubated with orbital stirring (120 rpm) at 30 °C for 48 hours and used as inoculum for submerged fermentation with wheat straw as substrate in mineral medium with an initial pH of 5. Activity cellulase was determined by the method of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). The results showed that wheat straw have potential for use as a substrate in the production of cellulases.Aspergillus nigershowed the highest enzymatic activity from the cellulase produced 0.051 FPU (filter paper units) after 96 hours of fermentation.
Structural analysis of Gd2Ce2O7
Authors: Patel Maulik K. , Baldinozzi Gianguido , Aguiar Jeffery A. , Valdez James A. , Vogel Sven C. , Sickafus Kurt E.
Published: February 2015

A complex cerium bearing oxide, Gd2Ce2O7 was synthesized in order to simulate Pu in a fluorite derivative oxide. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data was collected using a lab diffractometer at room temperature and analyzed by Rietveld refinement method using the xnd program. The diffraction pattern obtained from the material could be indexed as a C-type cubic bixbyite crystal structure however several peaks showed peak broadening and could not be accounted for within the single-phase bixbyite model. A full pattern refinement, assuming a possible existence of short order disordered bixbyite regions within an average disordered fluorite phase gave a good fit with the experimental data, providing an estimate for correlation length of those bixbyite regions. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the existence of these correlated domains of disordered bixbyite type phase inside a defect fluorite lattice. Understanding the extent of these domains as a function of composition and the thermal history of the samples may have a profound effect on our understanding of miscibility gaps in Re2O3-CeO2 phase diagrams. These effects could be eventually exploited to design materials with increased radiation resistance, a desired feature for oxide matrices where actinides can be safely disposed.
Enhanced Learning of Mechanical Behavior of Materials via Combined Experiments and nanoHUB Simulations: Learning Modules for Sophomore MSE Students
Authors: Coughlan Aisling , Johnson David , Diefes-Dux Heidi A. , Douglas K. Anna , Erk Kendra , Faltens Tanya A. , Strachan Alejandro
Published: February 2015

Undergraduate materials engineering students have difficulty conceptualizing the atomic-level processes responsible for plastic deformation. To aid in developing this conceptual understanding, interactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were introduced into the sophomore-level materials curriculum, integrating simulation with the traditional tensile testing laboratory. Students perform a tensile test using MD simulations on nanowire samples, and then compare these results with those from the physical tensile tests to develop a visual and more intuitive picture of plastic deformation of crystalline materials.
Community participation on the fringe of practice
Authors: Shevah Dana , Kallus Rachel
Published: February 2015

This paper discusses the gap between the theoretical discourse of the community and community participation in planning, and how community participation actually functions in a contested urban arena. It focuses on a conflict between the municipality and residents of a neighbourhood in the town of Karmiel in Israel, over an elementary-school building conversion into a Kolel (rabbinical study centre). Archival material, planning and legal documents, and media and personal accounts present the conflicting perspectives of the concept of ‘community’ and its actual use; that is, the institutional against the local viewpoints and how they shape and define planning practices. This case study exemplifies the importance of many voices in the planning arena, particularly those of the local community, and suggests that interdisciplinary collaboration among professionals can expand planning knowledge and input on community participation in contested arenas.
Briefing: Experimental study on air-phase frequency in self-aerated flow
Authors: Deng Jun , Wei Wang-ru , Xu Wei-lin , Tian Zhong , Zhang Fa-xing
Published: February 2015

The distribution and development of air frequency in self-aerated open channel flows were experimentally investigated. A series of experiments was conducted in a rectangular flume with various initial flow velocities (3·50–6·35 m/s) and the test area was in the self-aerated developing region. Analysis of the results shows that the position of maximum air frequency is generally in the relatively low air concentration region in the self-aerated developing region of an open channel flow, and the air concentration with the maximum air frequency becomes greater and gradually approaches 0·50 with the development of self-aeration downstream. Further analysis reveals that the positions of maximum air frequency remain around the centre of the self-aerated region and, with an increase in initial flow velocity, the air frequency distributions over the cross-section gradually tend to a simple normal distribution. The reason for the distribution and development of air frequency in the self-aerated developing region is mainly from the free surface into the limit of self-aeration; the distribution of an air–water flow structure is a developing process involving the coexistence of entrapped air and entrained air, and this air–water structure leads to the difference in air frequency distributions and development in the self-aerated developing region.
Relation of diet and physical activity to obesity in children in elementary schools
Authors: Dinarević Senka , Branković Suada , Hasanbegović Snježana
Published: February 2015

Introduction: The prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing. Finding the most effective preventive measures for the development of obesity in each country requires accurate epidemiological data on the number of obese children and adolescents, and their habits regarding nutrition and activity. The objective of this study was evaluate diet and physical activity in primary school students in relation to the occurrence of obesity, to determine the prevalence of overweight, mark the basic causes of this phenomenon and to establish measures for treatment and prevention.Methods: pupils 1-8. grades of primary schools were surveyed in written forms in terms of nutrition and physical activity, and measured height and weight, body mass index (BMI-body mass index) was calculated by whichwas estimated the level of nourishment: BMI> p (percentile) 5-malnutrition, p 5-85 proper body weight, p 85-95 over-nutrition, p> 95 obesity.Results: The study comprised 2329 pupils from 10 primary schools in the Canton of Sarajevo. Number of respondents by age and gender was balanced: I-IV 1077, V-VIII 1252; M-1226 and -1103 W. Obese and overweight was 22.46%, 62.53% of normal weight and 15 underweight, 01%. Most children eat a sandwich from school 34.63%, and food from the bakery 23.36% and 23.64% a sandwich from home. Still-dense juices are mostly drunk, even 22.34% of the students, a maximum of 52.8% water. Daily candy had taken 53.21% of all primary school students. 33.80% of the students were active on physical activity lessons and daily only 28.27%.Conclusions: The overweight problem in relation to the way of nutrition and physical activity is evident. The most important factors in] uencing the development of obesity undernutrition of children in school, the high frequency of intake of sweets and thick juice, an inadequate level ofphysical activity and sedanteran way of life.
Health promotion in families who have children with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Švraka Emira , Loga Slobodan , Avdić Dijana , Berbić Fazlagić Jasmina
Published: February 2015

Intellectual disability is the state of stopped or incomplete mental development which is featured by the impairment of abilities occurring at the development age and contributes to general level of intelligence, such as speech, cognitive, motor and social abilities. Disability can occur together or separately from other mental or physical disorders. 290 million people worldwide are estimated to have disabilities. Health is a core element in quality of life, but poverty, marginalization, limited access to primary health care, and lack of health promotion knowledge compromise health. Based on a research results in all nine areas of the family life quality (health, nancial status, family relations, support of other, support of services, influence of values, career, leisure and recreation, and community interaction) community could influence with the permanent preventive measures on 6 concepts of family life quality: importance, possibility, initiative, achievement, stability and satisfaction. The research could be of great help for the development of comprehensive strategies for improvement of quality of life for families that have one or more members with intellectual disability. From inclusion we expect approach to individual and his/her family by the society, to take into account all their diversities, preservation and improvement of their personal physical and mental health, for optimal possible functioning, at all personal and social levels.
The value of Pap test in women with endometrial cancer
Authors: Petrić Aleksandra , Lilić Vekoslav , Živadinović Radomir , Vukomanović Predrag , Dunjić Olivera , Ignjatović Radmila , Lilić Goran
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is the second most common gynecological tumor. There is still no recommended screening method for endometrial cancer. The application of transvaginal sonography, hysteroscopy and Pap test may prove useful in screening for this disease. Atypical glandular cells represent an important finding in Pap tests and they are related to histopathological verification of the endometrium. The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of the Pap test in assessing the cervical infiltration, as well as to determine the significance of hormonal status and histopathological type of tumor in a pathological Pap test in patients with endometrial cancer.Methods: The study was retrospective. The analysis included the data obtained from 62 operated patients diagnosed with enometrial cancer, medical history (menopausal status), histopathological findings after surgery (type and stage of the disease) and a preoperative Pap smear. The chi squared and Fisher’s test were used.Results: The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test in premenopausal and postmenopausal group of patients was not statistically significant. The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test in the group of endometrioid and non-endometrioid tumours of the uterine corpus had statistical significance. The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test compared to the present stage (I and II) was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Pap smear does not correlate with menopausal status in women with endometrial carcinoma. Abnormal Pap test is more commonly found in cases of non-endometroid tumours. Pap smears cannot beused to assess cervical involvement.
A comparison of effi cacy of femoral and tibial fractures healing treated by static and dynamic intramedullary nails
Authors: Omerović Đemil , Avdić Dijana , Lazović Faruk
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Intramedullary nailing is synthesis and  consolidation of fracture fragments with the main goalto gain strength and permanent placement of the implants. Two techniques of intramedullary osteosynthesis are used: with dynamic or with static intramedullary nail. Dynamization include conversion of static nail by removing screws from the longest fragment. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in the speed and quality of healing of the type A and B fractures of the femur and tibia treated by static or dynamic intramedullary nails and to compare the results.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 129 patients with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the femur and tibia type A and type B. Patients were divided into two groups, based on the applied operating method, static or dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis.Results: The average number of weeks of healing femoral and tibial fractures was slightly in advantage of static intramedullary osteosynthesis, it was 17.08 weeks (SD=3.382). The average number of weeks of healing in 23 patients with fractures of the femur, treated by dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis was 17.83 (SD=2.978).Conclusion: We can conclude that static intramedullary nailing osteosynthesis unable movements between fragments which directly stimulates bone formation and formation of minimal callus. Static intramedullary ostesinthesys resolve the problem of stabilizing the fracture, limb shortening and rotation of fragments.
Translation and validation of the instrument for the oral health-related quality of life assessment in 3 to 5 years old children in Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Hadžipašić Nazdrajić Amra
Published: February 2015

Introduction: During 2007. in the U.S. was developed the questionnaire for caregivers with 13 items for assessing the oral health-related quality of life in children 3-5 years of age, The Early Childhood Oral Health ImpactScale, The ECOHIS. The aim of this study was to perform the fi rst part of the adaptation process for this instrument in Bosnia-Herzegovina: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and the comprehensibility testing.Methods: ECOHIS was translated from English into the one of the languages in Bosnia-Herzegovina using a standardized forward-backward translation method. Two licensed, professional English-language translators, one dentist and one pediatrician, participated in the development of the preliminary BH-ECOHIS version. All translators were native Bosnian speakers. After translation and adaptation of ECOHIS to Bosnia and Herzegovina setting, pilot-research was performed in order to check the comprehensibility of the questionnaire.Results: The original and the back-translated version were the same. Because not all children in Bosnia-Herzegovina attend preschool, school or daycare, we replaced the question number fi ve from the originalEnglish version “missed preschool, daycare or school“ with “had difficulties in everyday activities”. Translated and culturally adapted version of the ECOHIS was applied in a form of an interview (N=16). Parents/caregivershad no diffi culties to understand the questionnaire.Conclusions: BH-ECOHIS showed excellent comprehensibility. Next step in the validation process should be the testing of its measurement characteristic.
The possible role of tumor antigen CA 15-3, CEA and ferritin in malignant and benign disease
Authors: Serdarević Nafija , Mehanović Samira
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Serum CA15-3 has been one of the most reliable tumor markers used in monitoring of breast cancer patients. To increase its sensitivity, the combined measurement of other tumor markers (CEA and ferritin) with CA15-3 was investigated. The aim of this study was determination of CA 15-3, CEA and ferritin in female patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and mastitisMethods: 300 patients with carcinoma, hospitalized at Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Department for Oncology at the University Clinics Center of Sarajevo and 200 healthy subjects were compared.Results: In patients with breast cancer the mean value of tumor markers were CEA 155.61 ng/mL, CA 15-3 106.38 U/mL and ferritin 197.03 ng/mL. In patients with lung cancer CEA was 58.97 ng/ml, CA 15-3 40.62 U/mL and ferritin 544.16 ng/mL. Patients with mastitis had CEA 5.17 ng/mL, CA 15-3 112.67 U/mL and ferritin 174.92 ng/mL. The control group had values of tumor markers CEA 1.62 ng/mL, CA 15-3 11.72 U/mL and ferritin 85.35 ng/mL. We found good correlation between CA 15-3 and CEA correlation coeffi cient was r = 0.750. There was a low correlation between CA 15-3 and ferritin with correlation coeffi cient r = 0.274.Conclusions: The CA 15-3 and CEA are useful markers in patients with confi rmed diagnosis of breast and lung cancers. The ferritin concentration has not increased in patients with breast cancer but it increased inlung patients. The future study has to make investigations of tumor markers and ferritin in different stage of breast cancer.
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy - case report
Authors: Janicijevic Petrovic Mirjana A. , Sarenac Vulovic Tatjana , Petrovic Nenad , Sreckovic Suncica , Paunovic Svetlana , Janicijevic Katarina , Vulovic Dejan , Vujic Dragan
Published: February 2015

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy is a neuro-ophthalmological entity characterized by acute or subacute bilateral, not simultaneous visual loss with centro cekal scotoma and occasional further visual improvement. This rare ophthalmological disease can be accompanied with dyschromatopsia. It is associated with a matrilineal inheritance pattern. Its diagnosis used to be solely clini¬cal, aided by imaging and neuro-physiological studies, until the advent of descriptions of mitochondrial biochemical abnormalities and genetic testing. We describe a case of 24 year old male with progressive painless deterioration of visual acuity and positive family history.
Importance of clinical examination in diagnostics of Osgood-Schlatter Disease in boys playing soccer or basketball
Authors: Halilbasic Amela , Avdic Dijana , Kreso Amir , Begovic Begler , Jaganjac Amila , Maric Maja
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Osgood–Schlatter disease is an irritation of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle. Sports with jumps, running, and repeated contractions of knee extension apparatus are considered to be importantexternal risk-factors which could cause Osgood–Schlatter disease.Objectives of the study are to draw attention to the importance of clinical examination in diagnostics of Osgood–Schlatter disease in boys playing soccer or basketball.Methods: The research included data obtained from 120 boys, average age of 14 years. Examinees were split into two groups, one with young athletes which regularly have soccer or basketball trainings and thesecond one with boys who do not participating in sports. We performed anthropological measurements and clinical examinations of both knees and hips for both groups. For the statistical analysis we used pointbiserialcorrelation coefficient.Results: Based on clinical examination, Osgood–Schlatter disease was diagnosed in 51 examinees (42.5%). In “athletic group” Osgood–Schlatter disease had 31 boys or 52%, comparing with “non-athletic group” wherewe found 20 adolescents with disease (33%). Number of boys with Osgood–Schlatter disease was higher for 19% in “athletic group” comparing with “non-athletic group”. Comparing incidence rate for boys in both groups with diagnosed II and III level of Osgood–Schlatter disease we found that rate is higher in “athletic group” 2.25 times comparing with “non-athletic group”.Conclusions: Clinical examination is critical method in the process of diagnosing Osgood–Schlatter disease especially for identifying II and III level of this disease.
Physical activity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history
Authors: Kapetanović Amila , Avdić Dijana
Published: February 2015

Introduction: The estrogen defi ciency after menopause leads to accelerated loss of bone mass. The aim of this study was to examine influence of physical activity on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women who hadn’t a deficit of estrogen in their menstrual history.Methods: This prospective study included 100 postmenopausal women, ages between 50 and 65, living in Sarajevo area without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history. The women in the examination group had osteoporosis. The women in the control group had osteopenia or normal mineral bone density. Mineral bone density was measured at the lumbar spine and proximal femur by Dual–Energy X–ray Absorptiometry using Hologic QDR-4000 scanner. To assess level of physical activity an International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Long Form was used.Results: In the examination group of women who had no history of menstrual estrogen deficit, level of physical activity was low in 52.00% female, and in 48.00% women level of physical activity was moderate. In the control group of women who had no history of menstrual estrogen defi cit in 10.00% female level of physical activity was low, and in 90.00% female level of physical activity was moderate. The difference in levels of physical activity between the two groups was statistically significant, X2 test = 20.6, p <0.005.Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that moderate physical activity has positive impact on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women without estrogen defi ciency in menstrual history and has the potential to reduce rapid bone loss after menopause.
Dose-volume histogram constrains for small intestine in postoperative transcutaneous radiotherapy of endometrial carcinoma: comparison between conventional and conformal techniques
Authors: Ramić Anela , Ljuca Dženita , Marosević Goran
Published: February 2015

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the dose-volume histogram (DVH) constrains of conventional and conformal transcutaneous radiotherapy for small intestine and perform their comparison.Methods: This retrospective-prospective study included patients who were treated for endometrial cancer using conventional transcutaneous radiotherapy at the Department of Radiotherapy Clinic of Oncology,Hematology and Radiotherapy, University Clinical Center Tuzla in the period from 2009 to 2011. The study was performed on patients of all ages suffering from this condition. The study involved 35 patients. DVHparameters which were analyzed are: minimum dose (Dmin), maximum dose (Dmax), medium dose (Daver) of the small intestine, as well as the volume of the small intestine, which is included in 75%, 95% and 100%dose (V33,75Gy, V42,75Gy, V45Gy) expressed in percentages and cubic centimeters of the affected organ. Working hypothesis was tested with paired t test. The difference between the variables at the level of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: DVH constrains of transcutaneous conformal radiotherapy showed signifi cantly smaller dose contribution on small intestine than DVH parameters of conventional transcutaneous radiotherapy (p<0.0001).Conclusion: The dose contribution on small intestine was signifi cantly lower by planning three-dimensional conformal transcutaneous radiotherapy in comparison to the conventional planning.
Increased expression and levels of human β defensins (hBD2 and hBD4) in adults with dental caries
Authors: Barrera Jose , Tortolero Sanchez , Rivas Adriana , Flores Carmen , Gonzales Emanuele
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Defensins are small anti-microbial peptides produced by epithelial cells. These peptides have a broad range of actions against microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Human defensins are classifi ed into two subfamilies, the α-, and β- defensins, which differ in their distribution of disulphide bonds between the six conserved cysteine residues. Defensins are found in salivaand others compartments of the body. Human β defensins 2 (hBD2), beta defensins 4 (hBD4) and alpha defensins 4 (hNP4) in saliva may contributes to vulnerability or resistance to caries. This study aimed to determine a possible correlation between caries and levels of defensins measuring the expression in gingival tissue and concentrations in saliva samples.Methods: Oral examinations were performed on 100 adults of both genders (18-30 years old), and unstimulated whole saliva was collected for immunoassays of the three peptides and for the salivary pH, buffercapacity, protein, and peroxidase activity. mRNA levels of defensins in gingival sample were assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique.Results: The median salivary levels of hBD2 and hBD4 were 1.88 μg/ml and 0.86 μg/ml respectively for the caries-free group (n=44) and 7.26 μ/ml (hBD2) and 4.25 μg/ml (hBD4) for all subjects with evidenceof caries (n=56). There was no difference in the levels of hNP4, salivary pH, and proteins between groups, however the peroxidase activity and buffer capacity (interval 6.0-5.0) were reduced in caries group. Transcriptional levels of hBD2 and hBD4 did correlate with caries experience, the mRNA expression of hBD2 and hBD4 were signifi cantly higher in patients with caries than in patients with no-caries (p < 0.01).Conclusion: We conclude that high salivary levels and expression of beta defensins, low peroxidase activity and buffer capacity may represent a biological response of oral tissue to caries. Our observation couldlead to new ways to prevent caries and a new tool for caries risk assessment.
Effects of neural mobilization on pain, straight leg raise test and disability in patients with radicular low back pain
Authors: Čolaković Haris , Avdić Dijana
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Radicular low back pain is a disorder involving the dysfunction of the lumbosacral nerve roots. Clinical rehabilitation approaches for low back pain include kinesiotherapy, and physical therapyprocedures: ice , rest , heat, ultrasound, TENS, but evidences regarding their effectiveness are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine if nerve mobilization brings better improvements in pain, SLR testand functional disability in patients with radicular low back pain compared to standard physical therapy.Methods: The study was conducted on a 60 patients with Radicular low back pain, treated in Regional medical center "Dr Safet Mujić", Mostar, during the period from 01.04.2010 untill 31.04.2011. Patientswere divided into two groups. First group (n=30) received a 4-week rehabilitation program including neural mobilization and lumbar stabilization program. Second group (n=30) received a 4-week rehabilitation program including active range of motion (ROM) exercises and lumbar stabilization program.Results: At the beginning, the two groups were not signifi cantly different in terms of score or SLR. After therapy there was statistically signifi cant improvement between groups in both VAS scores[Group A: 1.16±1.5; Group B: 2.25±2.2] and SLR [Group A: 80.9±17.4; Group B: 65.9±16.4]. ]. After the treatment, in group A, 46.6% (14) participants had been rated with 4, but in Group B: 33.3% (10) participants had been rated with 3.Conclusions: Patients treated with neural mobilization and lumbar stabilization showed better VAS scores and Straight Leg Test scores compared to patients treated with active range of motion exercises and lumbar stabilization. Further research to investigate their long term effi cacy is warranted, with emphasis on greater number of participants.
Incidence of impacted mandibular third molars in population of Bosnia and Herzegovina: a retrospective radiographic study
Authors: Šečić Sadeta , Prohić Samir , Komšić Sanja , Vuković Amra
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Impaction may be defined as the failure of complete eruption into a normal functional position of one tooth within normal time due to lack of space in the dental arch, caused by obstruction byanother tooth or development in an abnormal position. The mandibular third molar is the most frequently impacted tooth. The incidence varies from 9.5% to 68% in different populations.Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University in Sarajevo. Study represents retrospective analysis of panoramic radiographs (orthopantomograms) of patientsreferred to Department of Oral Surgery from January 2010 to February 2013 with indication for surgical removal of impacted third molars.Results: Of the 2000 radiographs, 761 presented with at least one impacted third molar (38%). A total of 1034 impacted mandibular third molars were present (51.7%). The most common age group was thirddecade (61.2%). Signifi cant statistical difference in incidence of third molar impaction was found between females and males (p<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in incidence in urban and suburbanpopulation (p=0.374). Vertical angulation was the most common pattern of impaction (65%). Frequency of third molars erupted into their normal position (class IA) was 42%. Impacted mandibular molars wereassociated with periodontal pockets in 134 (6.5%) cases and with dentigerous cysts in 5 cases (0.2%).Conclusion: The present study provides useful data regarding the clinical status of third molars in population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Sex determination of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population based on odontometric characteristics of permanent lower canines
Authors: Muhamedagić Belma , Sarajlić Nermin
Published: February 2015

Introduction: Sex determination is one of fi rst and most important steps in identifying disintegrated bodies and skeletal remains. During the exhumation of bodies from the mass graves and archaeologicalexcavations, it is quite often the case that not all bones of one person are found, therefore, teeth and the scull are the only true identifi cation material. Canines are teeth most appropriate for sex determination.The aim of the research was to determine sex identity of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population based on odontometric characteristics of permanent lower canines.Methods: The research sample included 180 patients of the Dental Offi ce, of both sexes. All patients with permanent lower right and left canines, without caries, with healthy state of gingiva and periodontium,without crown restorations were included in the research. Measurement was done directly in the patients' mouth using a digital sliding caliper. Greatest mesiodistal width of the lower right and left canine and intercuspal distance of the lower jaw were measured.Results: All parameters were higher in case of male, including Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) (p<0.01). The precision of appraising the sex identity for the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population, based on MCI on the right, amounts 68.89% and 68.54% on the left.Conclusions: The study showed that right canines are signifi cantly broader than the left ones and they are broader in case of males. Lower right canines, that is, MCI on the right, indicates greater accuracy insex determination in relation to left lower canines. The accuracy in sex determination for all variables is higher for the female.