bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The self as avatar: an active inference account of ego dissolution
Authors: Gerrans Philip
Published: September 2024

Daniel Dennett famously argued that the self is a ‘centre of narrative gravity’. In fact, the self is best thought of as a centre of interoceptive gravity whose homeostatic and affective experiences are subsequently interpreted and communicated in a narrative. This idea explains feelings of persistence and unity in the normal case and changed nature of self-awareness in psychedelic experience. It also fits the neurocomputational evidence about the nature of ego dissolution. The ‘avatar’ or self-model represents this centre of gravity. It is implemented by a self-maintaining pattern of activity in circuitry that integrates and coordinates bodily, affective, and narrative/conceptual processes to optimize organismic function. The feeling of unity and persistence emerges from activity in this circuitry. The narrative ‘I’ reports but does not create this feeling which provides a locus of control and concern.
Disintegrating and reintegrating the self—(in)flexible self-models in depersonalization and psychedelic experiences
Authors: Ciaunica Anna , Safron Adam
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines the feeling of ‘losing’ the sense of familiarity with one’s self and body in depersonalization and psychedelic experiences through an ‘active inference’ lens. It is suggested that psychedelic-induced experiences may involve a stance with radically altered prior expectations, providing opportunities for flexibly modulating self- and world models. Specifically, higher control in the acquisition of new self- and world models may enhance the plasticity of one’s perceptual and sensorimotor experiences. This new gained flexibility, it is claimed, may allow the individual to ‘leave behind’ certain habits—perceptual rigidities that hold the person ‘stuck’ in certain behavioural patterns. By contrast, depersonalization may be linked to lower control in the acquisition of new self- and world models, leading to non-flexible (rigid) (dis)integration of ordinary/habitual self experiences, and a consequent feeling of being ‘stuck’ in one’s mind.
Psychedelics: a window into perceptual processing
Authors: Brogaard Berit , Gatzia Dimitria Electra
Published: September 2024

This chapter presents findings indicating that psilocybin-induced visual distortions and impaired executive functioning originate in temporary disruptions of attentional mechanisms. It then revisits a predictive processing account of neural processing and argues that this lacks the resources to provide a unified model of the perceptual mechanisms underpinning psychedelic experiences caused by classic hallucinogens such as psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and mescaline. Lastly, an alternative theory of perceptual processing is proposed—the Gist Theory of Perception—that can better explain how the psilocybin-induced disruptions of attentional mechanisms may elicit psychedelic experiences.
Classic psychedelics in translational research: addressing epistemic challenges from bench to bedside
Authors: Mattu Jaipreet , Sullivan Jacqueline
Published: September 2024

In the last decade alone, preliminary evidence has suggested that classic psychedelics (CPs) can rapidly and durably ameliorate symptoms and cognitive deficits associated with depression. However, the mechanisms by which CPs work in the brain are not well understood. Rodent translational research, in which experimental findings from rodents are used to understand the human brain, is fundamental in achieving this goal. This chapter focuses on a representative subset of human and rodent studies investigating CPs for depression, including the various lines of research that have been initiated to understand how they work. It is shown that in addition to epistemic challenges that scientists face in translating findings from rodents to humans, there is a mismatch between experimental approaches used in human clinical trials and rodent translational studies. Thus, current experimental practices are not conducive to mechanistic discovery. The chapter concludes with a set of positive proposals to expedite the drive to translate CPs into effective treatments for depression.
The psychedelic experience: a new perspective, a new attitude towards the world
Authors: Ballesteros Virginia
Published: September 2024

This chapter provides a philosophical account of the potential of the psychedelic experience to treat depression. The main thesis is that such a potential lies in the possibility of psychedelics allowing us to experience a world diametrically opposed to that of depression: the psychedelic experience can be world-shifting. Building on Ludwig Wittgenstein’s insights and notions of aesthetics, ethics, and mysticism, the world in depression is characterized as a world devoid of beauty and meaning, from which we feel disconnected. On the contrary, the psychedelic experience immerses us in a world full of beauty and meaning, to which we feel connected. It is by changing our perspective that our whole world and attitude towards it changes, opening up new possibilities for action, as well as a new evaluation of the contingencies of our biographical self and our relationships with others.
Psychedelics and naturalistic spirituality
Authors: Steinhart Eric
Published: September 2024

Spirituality at least requires learning, accepting, and adapting to ultimate reality. Although psychedelic experiences are thought to facilitate these aspects of spirituality, those experiences are only related to ultimate reality by way of interpretations. This chapter uses naturalism to evaluate three interpretations. The first interpretation, which is religious, says that psychedelic experiences reveal a world of non-natural spirits. For naturalists, this interpretation is false, and provides no genuine spiritual benefits. The second interpretation involves physicalistic naturalism. Although it has excellent scientific support, it probably cannot account for some important spiritual aspects of psychedelic experiences. The third interpretation involves Platonic naturalism. It has good scientific support, and accounts for all the spiritual aspects of psychedelic experiences. But the chapter ends with a word of caution: psychedelic spirituality demands metaphysical pluralism.
Suicide and the Modern Subject
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines how the problem of suicide became a nodal point of Western political philosophy around which the hegemonic qualities of the modern subject were worked out. Building on Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Immanuel Kant, it analyzes how self-directed violence came to constitute the exterior limits of selfhood. Writing during the formation of a new world order centered on the triad of the modern state, modern market, and modern “man,” these thinkers have drawn on the act of self-destruction—and their contemporaries’ resorting to such acts—to work out the dominant characteristics of subjectivity, such as the rationality of self-preservation, the inscription of personhood as property, and moral autonomy. Reading these thinkers by foregrounding suicide, this chapter unpacks the equivalence between martyrdom and madness, traces the subversiveness of self-destruction by the enslaved, and problematizes the absolutization of the principle of humanity.
On “Futures Pitilessly Blocked and Passions Violently Choked”
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter takes as its starting point Durkheim’s work on suicide, especially his category of “fatalistic suicide” that he relegates to a footnote. The chapter examines the elisions of this choice and their implications. Building on those elisions, it reconstructs a global, subterranean, and subversive history that passes through the acts of self-harm and self-destruction performed by enslaved Africans during the transatlantic crossing and across plantations in the Americas, hunger strikes of woman suffragists in England’s prisons in the early twentieth century, and Gandhian fasting practices that took place as part of the Indian anti-colonial struggle throughout the 1930s and 1940s. With each moment, the chapter discusses the meanings that corporeal acts of resistance and refusal have entailed to bring out continuities as well as differences. Together, these critical fragments constitute a radical lineage of modernity that is marginalized, distorted, or erased from the dominant narrative of history as progress.
From the Maze to Guantánamo
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter interprets Steve McQueen’s critically acclaimed film Hunger in light of its release in a political conjuncture marked by the hunger strikes in Guantánamo Bay Prison. It reads the film’s theoretically suggestive and moving portrait of the struggles in the Maze, centering on the figure of Bobby Sands, in conversation with Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno’s influential book, Dialectic of Enlightenment, as a defining text of the Frankfurt School and the New Left. It distills their shared critique of Western civilization, which troubles a progressive philosophy of history, and of the sovereignty of the subject as the building block of Western modernity. Interrogating the renunciative predilections and instrumental rationality of the modern subject, the chapter presents how disembodiment emerging in carceral and colonial spaces constitutes a violent form of de-subjectivation. The chapter unpacks the temporalities of sovereignty and sacrifice to delineate the irruption of an insurgent subjectivity.
The Body Anterior
Authors: Bargu Banu
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the role of the body in Marxian materialism. It discusses the crucial contributions of Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx in bringing the body into the domain of philosophy, and argues that these contributions were often overshadowed by their emphasis on the commodity form and the subsequent Marxist tradition’s embrace of a more abstract conception of productive forces and relations of production. The chapter offers a reading of Marx’s Capital that places bodily suffering at the core of his critique of capitalism. It argues that the body figures not simply as the object of exploitation, but also the site for the lived experience of suffering to be translated into elementary forms of resistance. This chapter also draws a line that connects Marx with Michel Foucault and Nicos Poulantzas on the shared premise of the irreducible anteriority of the body, its vital powers and capacities, to relations of domination.
Creating Something Extraordinary
Authors: Reeder Jennifer
Published: September 2024

This chapter focuses on often neglected or marginalized artistry of Latter-day Saint women. From utility to decoration, these material forms of quilts, hair art, and buildings reflect an engaged and empowered sisterhood within the Latter-day Saint faith. As such, these works of folk art are, in the estimation of this chapter, a collective binding force. They are less about elevating a specific creator and more about a shared sense of their use or charm, even showcasing resourcefulness. While emphasizing ancestry and kinship, these artworks also steered the Saints toward refinement and beautification on a vernacular level.
The Paris Art Mission
Authors: Jones Gibbs Linda
Published: September 2024

This chapter tells the story of dedicated Latter-day Saint artists in Utah who were sent to Paris as missionaries with the unique objective of learning the latest artistic techniques to provide mural paintings for the Salt Lake temple. The chapter places this LDS art and temple construction within the larger art historical context of patronage, salons, and exhibitions, which in both Paris and Utah played a significant role in shifting dominant paradigms and meeting political needs. By following the artists’ experience in Europe and the expectations and encouragement from Utah, the chapter uses the concept of patronage to flesh out a more nuanced picture of the international influence on Latter-day Saint landscape art at the time.
LDS Artists and the Art Students League of New York
Authors: Nelson Glen
Published: September 2024

This chapter traces a vivid picture of the Art Students League in the early twentieth century as it related to a booming moment of industrialization, attitudes surrounding art and the use of live nude models, and the league’s influence on Latter-day Saint artistic culture. As several former students of the Art Students League returned to Utah and pursued careers as artists and professors, they helped perpetuate the unorthodox teachings of New York. The chapter makes a case for the role of outsider art scenes in helping to construct a politics of respectability within the budding LDS colonization of the American West. Where Paris was a strategy to adapt a largely accepted Western canon of art toward crafting an image for a relatively new faith, New York became a means to integrate the modernity of French and German schools into a seemingly more progressive art literacy in the West.
Latter-day Saint Feminism and Art
Authors: Beardsley Amanda K.
Published: September 2024

This chapter continues the historical recognition of women’s labor by defining Mormon feminist art through the lens of the genealogical archive. Though the exploration of archives and the use of oral histories are well-known techniques within feminist studies, allowing researchers to tell histories generally untold, the Latter-day Saint impulse to record, delineate ancestry, and bear record is seen as central to LDS feminist contemporary art. Some of the pieces the chapter treats directly engage with genealogy and gender, while others testify to the mundane and material tasks women undertake to express themselves, write themselves into history, and explore their identities as women of faith.
Toward a Latter-Day Saint Contemporary Art
Authors: Westfall Chase
Published: September 2024

This chapter thinks through art exhibitions as forms of activism, where religious identity might be explored and solidified in generative ways. After considering the political backdrop around which curators were creating exhibitions in the 2010s, this chapter makes a case for a more socially engaged role of the curator, exhibitions, and artists in shaping public thought. A comparative analysis between LDS exhibitions and those of more mainstream American institutions demonstrates an opportunity for Mormon curators to create more provocative narratives. The chapter surveys past efforts, such as Fifteen Year Expanse, to suggest possible futures of Mormon art that might be more vulnerable, caring, and radically open to individuality and the diverse experiences of a shared faith tradition.
Phases of Work and Associated Skills and Tasks in Group Work Practice
Authors: Knight Carolyn
Published: September 2024

In this chapter the author introduces the core skills of group work practice. This discussion is organized around stages of the group’s development: preliminary, beginning/engagement, work, and ending. In the preliminary phase, practitioners focus on creating a group that maximizes the likelihood that mutual aid will occur. This includes tasks associated with composition, identifying group goals and purpose, and decisions about structure (number and length of sessions, etc.). Skills in the beginning phase encourage members to connect with one another and recognize their underlying commonalities, creating a group climate that promotes members’ work. Work phase skills help members accomplish their mutually agreed-upon goals and address impediments to this, which include in-group interpersonal dynamics. The final set of skills assists members in ending with one another and with the leader and helps them reflect on their work together, their growth, and future work.
A Dozen “Musts” Students and Practitioners New to the Modality Should Know Before They Start Their Group Work Experience
Authors: Greif Geoffrey L. , Knight Carolyn
Published: September 2024

This chapter is geared to those who are new to the group modality. Students and practitioners unfamiliar with group work often do not understand its unique benefits and thus hold misconceptions about this modality. The authors synthesize information discussed in the previous three chapters and provide suggestions and recommendations that prepare novice group workers both personally and professionally to engage in group work. This chapter—in conjunction with the first three—will enhance readers’ willingness to facilitate groups and their confidence that they have the requisite skills and knowledge to do so. Considerations that are discussed include understanding the leader’s responsibilities for ensuring that the group culture supports its work, the importance of cultural competence and humility, the need to attend to the group as the client, and the relationship between a group structure and its purpose and member goals.
Group Work with Individuals Experiencing First-Episode Schizophrenia
Authors: Miller Rachel , Mason Susan E.
Published: September 2024

This chapter describes the use of group work in helping newly diagnosed clients optimize their functioning. It includes examples of how mutual aid groups function, as well as the common themes that arise in these groups: trauma, the need for psychoeducation, insight into psychotic symptoms, cognitive and negative symptoms, treatment adherence, stigma, and suicidal ideation. Examples of group activities are explained and include warm-up exercises, doubling, and mirroring. The authors also discuss how leaders use psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skills to help members develop communication, cognitive, and empathy skills. The importance of and need to respect cultural, ethnic, sexual, and socioeconomic diversity are discussed, as are the benefits of group rituals, fun, and creativity. This chapter also addresses the difficulties that may arise in these groups, including dropouts, a suicide or death of a group member, aggressive behavior, substance misuse, and relapses.
Developing a Safe Space
Authors: Skolnik Sari , Skolnik Louise
Published: September 2024

Women who experience interpersonal violence face physical, social, and psychological trauma. The small group process, with its key dynamic of mutual aid, can provide the safety and support needed to restore social and emotional well-being. In helping one another, members regain the sense of power, self-efficacy, and self-determination necessary for healing. Mutual aid and experiential approaches are illustrated through the presentation of a psychoeducational group and a support group. Group themes, intervention approaches, practice skills, and challenges are discussed.
The Invincible Black Women Group
Authors: Jones Martinque K. , Pritchett-Johnson Brandi , Gaskin-Cole Gabriella , Christian Janay
Published: September 2024

Black college women have culturally distinct mental health concerns but may be hesitant to seek counseling despite their need. To address this concern, the authors present a culturally responsive outreach and group intervention for Black college women, entitled “Invincible Black Women.” In this chapter the authors describe the group, discuss common themes that emerge in the group, and present critical techniques for group implementation.
Ugly Beautiful
Authors: Gabrillo James
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the rise of the contemporary Philippine pop music genre known as novelty, featuring tracks performed for humorous effect by a slate of commercial pop acts led by Vice Ganda, Bayani Agbayani, The SexBomb Girls, Vhong Navarro, and Anne Curtis. It analyzes novelty songs through a close reading of their repetitive lyrics and accompanying choreographies that turned into public dance crazes. Building on the book’s earlier conceptualization of overstatement as style, this chapter regards the novelty pop music genre and its spectacles in commercial entertainment industries as formidable parodic expressions of escapism. Over time, these musical performances turned into a pop cultural trope in Manila’s public and political spheres—as reinforced by ethnographic vignette and commentary. Queer pageantry is also considered, in line with a recent trend in the usage of local and foreign punk songs as novelty soundtrack to queer beauty-pageant productions.
What Is Moral Distress?
Authors: Carse Alisa , Thomas Tessy A. , Rushton Cynda Hylton
Published: September 2024

Moral distress, a response to moral adversity that imperils integrity under conditions of constraint, has been studied for more than three decades. The context of clinical practice, the complexities of healthcare, clinicians’ roles, broader society alongside exponential advances in technology and treatment create circumstances that regularly imperil integrity. These circumstances create the conditions for burnout, disengagement, and imperiled patient care. Specifically, they foster powerlessness, frustration, anger, diminished moral responsiveness, disillusionment, and shame. The cumulative dynamic of moral distress results in myriad detrimental consequences affecting the bodies, emotions, minds, and souls of clinicians. Transforming these experiences requires a shift in orientation toward restoring and preserving integrity through the cultivation of capacities of moral resilience and strategies to foster systemic ethical practice.
Afterword
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton
Published: September 2024

A new paradigm for addressing the consequences of moral adversity, especially when it produces moral suffering, is an urgent priority for healthcare. The time is now for clinicians, leaders, healthcare organizations, and communities to align their values and commitments and to design for sustainable, and meaningful results. More empirical and scholarly work is needed to further refine and expand upon the concepts offered in this book. We must foster innovation that draws on our inner capacity, shifts patterns that no longer serve, and creates alternatives to design new methods and programs to cultivate moral resilience and a robust and lasting culture that supports ethical practice. Together we hold the keys to transforming moral suffering in healthcare.
The Double-Edged Sword of Religion in a Changing Workplace
Authors: Ecklund Elaine Howard , Daniels Denise , Scheitle Christopher P
Published: September 2024

Creating room for religion and spirituality for people at work can benefit organizations and their people. Welcoming faith into the workplace can make work feel more meaningful to employees, help them work better with others, and lead them to be more ethical, loyal, and motivated. At the same time, open expressions of faith or open discussions about faith in the workplace—both by those who are religious and those who are not—can marginalize others and make workers who do not share the majority faith perspective feel uncomfortable, ostracized, or discriminated against. Religion at work can be a double-edged sword. This book provides guidance to managers and workplace leaders on ways they can or should attend to the religious lives and faith commitments of their employees without offending or alienating those they lead.
Faith and Ethics at Work
Authors: Ecklund Elaine Howard , Daniels Denise , Scheitle Christopher P
Published: September 2024

Under some conditions, fostering the connection between religion and ethics at work can make the workplace a more ethically supportive environment. Under other conditions the loyalty to authority that religious traditions foster can make religious workers more reticent to address workplace practices they see as unethical. Religious workers tend to rely on their personal faith perspectives more than the ethics of the organization or job at large. In cases of perceived conflicts between organizational demands and religious moral frameworks, many religious workers will exit the situation and leave the organization rather than try to change it.
Law, History, and the Interwar ACLU’s Jewish Lawyers
Authors: Weinrib Laura
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines the American Civil Liberties Union’s turn away from its defense of mass picketing, strikes, and political dissent, and its antipathy for courts, and toward the modern constitutional ideas of civil liberties for which it is now known. During the period, many of the ACLU’s leading lawyers were Jewish. To many of them, the best bulwark against totalitarianism in America was to prohibit state-sanctioned orthodoxy, whether religious or ideological, even if the target of state suppression was hateful or dangerous speech. This chapter considers the influence of ACLU lawyers’ identity and concerns about antisemitism on the organization’s strategies and goals. It surveys the usual methodological approaches to this kind of question and finds them incomplete—at least as applied to the influence of two lawyers in particular, Arthur Garfield Hays and Morris Ernst, on the ACLU’s evolution. The chapter focuses on the vigorous debate, within early twentieth-century Jewish communities, concerning group rights and individual identity; Jewish identification; and national belonging. Civil liberties, it argues, was a “badge of belonging” for Jewish lawyers navigating a world of labor collectivism, New Deal bureaucracy, civil rights activism, and above all else, a world that seemed to be slipping into illiberal antisemitism, particularly in Europe. Civil liberties were in fact a way of navigating the cross-currents of the world of the 1930s, which oddly enough, might bear a family resemblance to our own—a question that the author foregrounds through the story of her own experience as a public voice on matters of civil liberties and racial prejudice.
Indulging Kleptocracy
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne Tom
Published: September 2024

London has long been the global safehouse for suspicious wealth from Russian and Eurasian elites. But how do UK-based professionals facilitate the passage of post-communist elites and their kleptocratic wealth into Britain? And why has a G7 economy and self-styled defender of the rules-based international order become so exposed to the oligarchs of hostile powers? The tale of the causes and consequences of the growth of ‘Londongrad’ is one of the most fascinating stories of the post–Cold War era. Indulging Kleptocracy shows how professional enablers service their post-communist elite clients by hiding, protecting, and legitimizing wealth which originates in kleptocratic environments. These indulgences include the listing of oligarchs’ companies on the London Stock Exchange, purchasing residencies through investment, and defending their wealth against orders from the National Crime Agency. Their enabling further extends to reputation laundering and influencing including buying status through philanthropy, making friends via political donations, and silencing of critics via libel action. It identifies nine services (professional indulgences) in total, each offered by Britain’s services sectors to Russia and Eurasian kleptocrats. Enriched with case studies of these indulgences, the book demonstrates how the enabler effect is far stronger than competing explanations in political economy and international relations. By tracing processes of enabling, it shows how the supply of services makes the difference—and at what consequence locally and globally.
Selling Rights
Authors: Heathershaw John , Prelec Tena , Mayne and Tom
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores how the UK and its former colonies opened the door for corrupt capital and kleptocrats through the practice of selling passports and visas. It examines some of the corruption scandals that have involved such citizenship by investment (CBI) schemes, such as in Cyprus, where several politicians have gone on trial. In the UK, most investment visas were given to citizens of Russia and China, with little due diligence performed on applicants. The chapter emphasizes that demand for such schemes was created by such companies as Henley & Partners, which has in some instances been responsible for creating and running the programmes for a government, while at the same time working for clients who are using such schemes.
Why Write a Book on Lupus?
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

One million people in the world have lupus. It is difficult to diagnose and treat. There is a shortage of practitioners capable of managing the disorder. This monograph is aimed at individuals with secondary education attainment levels who wish to help themselves and help others manage, treat and cope with the disorder. Many aspects of the disease are mentioned more than once and there is some repetition intended to improve clarity.
Who Gets Lupus?
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

About 300,000 patients in the United States have lupus. It is disproportionately seen in people of color and women, and it develops in most during their reproductive years. Males with lupus make up 10 percent with lupus and tend to have more severe disease. Lupus is more of a spectrum than a disease and has many subsets such as systemic, localized, neonatal or drug induced. Environmental and genetic factors predispose to the disorder.
History, Symptoms, and Signs
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Before physicians can treat lupus, they must take a detailed history, perform a physical examination, and order proper laboratory tests. An accurate diagnosis encompassing all symptoms and physical signs is the goal of a consultation. The patient may have more than one process going on at the same time, and these frequently benefit from different approaches. Both patient and doctor should be flexible in how they understand the concept of disease and allow themselves to consider differing viewpoints as to what might be responsible for a specific medical complaint. Many things may contribute to fatigue, for example. And lupus is a complex disease that can be difficult to diagnose.
The Impact of Lupus on the GI Tract and Liver
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Difficulty in swallowing must be taken seriously. Heartburn and acid indigestion can be brought on by medication, stress, or active lupus. Nonspecific bowel symptoms are common and can be managed symptomatically unless a fever, localized tenderness, swollen abdomen, or bloody stools are present. These manifestations warrant prompt medical attention. The liver can be involved in lupus because of reactions to medication, antiphospholipid antibodies, or as a complication of infection. Vasculitis in the liver is rare, and autoimmune hepatitis should be carefully investigated and ruled out.
You Can Help Conquer Lupus
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Salicylates have been used for more than 100 years, and other nonsteroidals have been used for more than 40 years. They are effective in treating fevers, headaches, arthritis, arthralgia, muscle aches, and serositis. None of these agents has any disease-modifying properties in lupus and has no place in treating serious systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without disease-modifying drugs. The choice of a particular drug depends on the medical history; several agents are usually tried before one is found that is effective and safe. Call your doctor if you encounter any problems with these drugs. All the preparations listed in this section require regular blood testing and a rectal examination with a stool smear for blood at least once a year. With appropriate monitoring, NSAIDs can be given concurrently with other medications.
Fighting Infections, Vaccine Reactions, Allergies, and Osteoporosis
Authors: Wallace Daniel J.
Published: September 2024

Lupus is complicated by an increased susceptibility to infection, and this is associated with a greater risk of disease-related complications. A rheumatologist or family physician should be consulted (at least by telephone or electronically) before a patient with SLE takes an antibiotic or receives a vaccine. Prudent preventive measures help prevent problems later. When there is a question of serious, life-threatening infection, careful evaluation (and perhaps hospitalization) is essential. Patients with lupus have stronger reactions to allergies, drugs, insects, and chemicals. Extreme caution should be exercised before taking allergy shots or sulfa antibiotics. Patients who have risk factors for osteoporosis should arrange to have themselves tested and, if necessary, treated, because this condition occurs more frequently with lupus.
The Constraints of the Ballot
Authors: Fiss Owen
Published: September 2024

Voters, in both state and federal elections, are constrained in their choices by the candidates that states allow to appear on the ballots. Accordingly, the capacity of an election to generate the freedom that democracy promises requires that the judiciary make certain that the political parties that dominate the state legislature do not inappropriately insulate themselves from competition by others. To make the right to vote meaningful, third parties and independent candidates must be given a feasible opportunity to appear on the ballot.
Dignity and Tort Law
Authors: Bayefsky Rachel
Published: September 2024

This chapter tackles the interplay between dignitary harm and tort law. It highlights various tort claims that are particularly related to dignitary interests. An example is battery committed through offensive contact that does not cause physical harm, such as spitting in someone’s face. The chapter then addresses challenges that courts face in adjudicating tort claims based on dignitary harm. The chapter examines the historical pedigree of dignitary claims in tort law; the matter of how courts can sift actionable from nonactionable dignitary claims; and the vexed relationship between dignity in tort law and the First Amendment. The chapter argues that dignitary values should not be wholly subordinated to First Amendment aims.
Dignity and Judicial Relief
Authors: Bayefsky Rachel
Published: September 2024

This chapter defends the view that courts should provide relief for dignitary harm and explains how they can do so. Judicial remedies for dignitary harm are appropriate in light of the broader remedial goal of restoring or maintaining the plaintiff’s “rightful position.” Moreover, plaintiffs’ goals in litigation include advancing their nonmonetary interest in vindication, and courts should not ignore this interest when they are granting remedies. Relief for dignitary harm can take numerous forms, including compensatory damages for dignitary harm, punitive damages, nominal damages, declaratory judgments, and dicta in judicial opinions. Further, courts need not provide unduly expansive relief for dignitary harm. Considerations such as efficiency could outweigh the goal of promoting dignity through the law of remedies.
Du Châtelet’s Vision of Science and Philosophy
Authors: Janiak Andrew
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines Émilie Du Châtelet’s vision of science and philosophy. In 1740, Du Châtelet sought to do justice to each tradition by naming the work Institutions of Physics (Institutions physiques). Du Châtelet was engaged in a philosophical enterprise and aimed to discuss metaphysical topics to clarify aspects of the new science, including Sir Isaac Newton’s theory of universal gravity. The chapter provides an overview of Du Châtelet’s treatment of space and her argument on metaphysics and the new science of gravity. Unlike many early Enlightenment figures, she refuses to become a disciple and warns her readers against falling under the spell of any particular leading thinker, which only makes her more dangerous for the men in her milieu.
Remembering January 6th
Authors: Costley White Khadijah
Published: September 2024

Race, class, and gender shape the news reporting on both the January 6th insurrection and the Tea Party movement, particularly in minimizing their impact and threat to a multiracial democracy. This chapter walks through two major themes in news coverage on the Tea Party and highlights how they connect with the January 6th anniversary reporting: (1) the mainstreaming of whiteness/white supremacy and (2) the news media’s function as citizen-activist—in particular, the active participation and engagement of Fox News. As part of this reflection, this chapter aims to answer these broader questions: Have the news media learned or changed anything about covering white conservative movements since the Tea Party? And, if not, what might be done about it?
“Stop the Steal” and the Racial Legacy of Election Disinformation
Authors: Tripodi Francesca
Published: September 2024

January 6th was a response to claims of a fraudulent election. In his speech, President Trump credited his supporters with the phrase “Stop the Steal.” Yet this was hardly the creation of MAGA Nation. Archived Twitter posts and Google Trends data demonstrate that the phrase began circulating in 2016, when it was presumed Trump would lose to candidate Hillary Clinton. Nonetheless, allegations of stolen elections go back considerably further. By unpacking that history in the United States and tracing its roots, this chapter uncovers the origins and impacts of contemporary strategic disinformation campaigns designed to delegitimize democratic outcomes. The heart of this narrative connects to a lie that Black people are subhuman—a white supremacist narrative that has been used to justify racial subordination and the violation of human rights for over a century.
January 6th as Logical Extension of Conservative Populism
Authors: Johnson Paul Elliott
Published: September 2024

This chapter locates the events of January 6, 2021, as continuous with the practices and culture of U.S. conservatism. Contextualizing the 2020 election as a referendum on racism, the chapter offers a close reading of publicly available footage from the day’s coup attempt, in particular attending to how the slogans and behavior of the crowd presuppose that the United States is the exclusive provenance of white rule. While a particularly stark example of exclusionary political discourse, arguments are a logical extension of a longer tradition of U.S. conservatism which attempts to gatekeep the nation and monopolize defining its “people.” This reading suggests that those who think the putative extremism of those acting on January 6 will result in a natural marginalization of conservatism should temper their optimism, given conservatism’s general investment in an exclusionary understanding of the nation’s membership.
It’s Not Just the Fruit, It’s the Factory Farm
Authors: Phillips Whitney , Lawrence Regina
Published: September 2024

The attack on the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, was a singularly violent and destabilizing event. It was not an isolated event, however, and its dangers have not passed. Instead, the attack is reflective of an ongoing assault against democracy involving right-wing media and the institutional Republican Party. This chapter uses the metaphor of antidemocratic agribusiness to highlight the systems and structures of the attack that continue to harvest toxic fruit. So long as the soil, environmental conditions, and material realities that cultivated that crop remain, those same crops can and will continue to grow. To protect and preserve U.S. democracy, we must approach the past-tense destruction of January 6th as a future-tense problem.
Introduction
Authors: Harness Kelley
Published: September 2024

The Medici court sponsored equestrian entertainments known as balletti a cavallo for a period of eighty years between 1608 and 1686. Although variants of the genre had existed outside Florence for a half century by 1608, during the seventeenth century many commentators, Tuscans and non-Tuscans alike, viewed the Florentine horse ballets as its epitome, which provided a model for equestrian entertainments performed outside Tuscany. For the Medici, these entertainments served to commemorate important state occasions. To that end, the court made sure to arrange for the publication of detailed descriptions, which included the texts that were sung, costumes worn by the participants, and the names of all the riders in a particular event. These descriptions also address the broader rationale for the sponsorship of such events, which included demonstrations of grand ducal magnificence, masculine nobility, Tuscan military readiness, and Florentine pre-eminence within Italy.
Florentine Horse Ballets and Renaissance Chivalric Poetry, 1616–1652
Authors: Harness Kelley
Published: September 2024

The notion of opposing teams, who first fight one another then join forces against a shared enemy, frequently identified as the Ottoman Empire, remains one of the most consistent features of the Medici horse ballets. At times an individual work’s narrative focuses on this message, while in others it hovers in the background, present but not the principal driver of the action. In this way the genre as a whole recalls two widely read chivalric epics from the sixteenth century: Ariosto’s Orlando furioso and Tasso’s Gerusalemme liberata. Characters drawn from these two works directly inspired three equestrian entertainments from the first half of the century, while similar personages and situations appeared in another two. Florentine cavalieri thus had a chance to pursue individual glory and personify their literary heroes, while event organizers could recast familiar stories into narratives more directly relevant to the symbolic goals of their Medici patrons.
Introduction
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E.
Published: September 2024

The chapter introduces the time of sky-rhyming, a period when Hip Hop was first received and interpreted in the greater Los Angeles area. During this time, relationships forged between creative migrants, many with Caribbean and Central American roots, and California-born innovators, many of Mexican ancestry, helped build alternative lifeworlds sprouting from the concrete of urban containment. Hip Hop was translated as a cultural package of four expressive elements: DJing, breaking, emceeing, and graffiti writing. These elements took Los Angeles by storm, as they were transposed on the existing artistries and aesthetics of the Southern California landscape. This chapter reviews scholarship on Hip Hop among Latines in Los Angeles, and introduces the concept of resonance as a lens for understanding how Hip Hop impacted creatives in Brown Los Angeles; resonance channels are interpersonal and technological means by which Hip Hop was translated.
Radiotronic Waves
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E.
Published: September 2024

This chapter chronicles the history of Radiotron, a site of Hip Hop sociability that shaped a cohort of Hip Hop creatives and had a critical influence in concretizing West Coast Hip Hop. Radiotron, also known as the Youth Break Center, held meetings in the same building as the Radio Club, and grew in popularity following the closure of the club. Located across the street from MacArthur Park in Los Angeles, Radiotron drew a multiracial crowd, with a significant number of participants being Central American immigrants. At Radiotron, many youths perfected their Hip Hop performance skills under the tutelage of the center’s leadership and found refuge in the creative arts center from the perils of a community addled by disinvestment, overpolicing, gangs, and the crack epidemic. Radiotron became a hub of Hip Hop sociability for a younger set of creatives who ultimately represented the first generation of West Coast Hip Hop artists.
The Stage and the Crossfade
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E.
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines the emergence of a Los Angeles Christian Hip Hop scene in the late 1980s during major shifts in Los Angeles Hip Hop. For a group of creatives, churches offered opportunities to sustain their Hip Hop performativity. Victory Outreach, a Latino Pentecostal church, gave birth to what was known as Holy Hip Hop. This chapter argues that the creative resonance emerging in congregational spaces helped to preserve the underground resonance characteristic of early Los Angeles Hip Hop. Likewise, the evangelistic impetus of this church movement helped to spread Hip Hop. As creatives spread the Christian message through Hip Hop, they also spread Hip Hop. Innovation was taking place in these spaces, as new artistic adaptations emerged, often motivated by outreach efforts. As many creatives sought refuge from the streets in church settings, Christian Hip Hop momentarily became a type of creative incubator.
Publication Policies and Practices
Authors: Hinkle Rachael K.
Published: September 2024

This chapter provides a broad overview of how selective publication operates, starting with an exploration of variation across space and time. Publication rates vary by circuit from only 6% in the Fourth Circuit all the way up to 81% in the First Circuit. The frequency of publication also varies over time, although less dramatically. These differences are not necessarily surprising considering that each circuit has their own set of rules that govern the publication decision. After detailing key overlap and divergence in rules across circuits and over time, the chapter goes on to evaluate whether circuit-level publication practices map onto differences or changes in formal rules. Finally, features of rulings themselves are presented to describe how published and unpublished rulings vary in terms of a range of features including length, clarity, complexity, and use of binding and persuasive precedent.
Invisible Work
Authors: Hinkle Rachael K.
Published: September 2024

Simply bringing more women and minorities to the bench does not guarantee that they experience the same level of power as their white, male counterparts. This chapter investigates two elements of how power is distributed. Published cases make law, which means participating in such cases and authoring such opinions are important metrics of judicial power. Female and minority judges wield disproportionately low amounts of power on both dimensions. Diverse groups often find a need to accommodate varying viewpoints, and women and judges of color are more likely to find themselves in such diverse groups. Consequently, nonpublication as a tool of compromise results in white men participating in a disproportionately high number of cases with policymaking published decisions. Even when participating in case where the ruling is published, judges from historically underrepresented groups find themselves less likely to be assigned to write the opinion. Yet they dissent more frequently.
The Future of Selective Publication
Authors: Hinkle Rachael K.
Published: September 2024

This chapter outlines the empirical findings from throughout the book and discusses their normative implications by considering what light they shed on various proposed reforms to the norm of selective publication. Selective publication both generates and reveals disparities in power and privilege. Now what? The answer to that question is far from easy. Proposed reforms vary from as simple as unifying publication rules across all circuits to abolishing the distinction entirely. The former is unlikely to make much headway to reduce inequality, and the latter is likely to cause other problems without significant changes to staffing levels. The chapter concludes by proposing that the most promising avenue may be to seek a middle road by leaving the publication process in place but granting precedential status to all opinions regardless of publication.
Equity Will Not . . .
Authors: Bray Samuel L.
Published: September 2024

This chapter considers the “equity will not” doctrines, such as “equity will not enjoin a crime,” “equity will not protect personal rights,” “equity will not punish,” and “equity will not protect political rights.” It analyzes the formal structure of these doctrines (which is rule-exception). It also analyzes the two functions of these doctrines, namely their regulation of access to equity and their aid in preserving equity’s legitimacy. This chapter also briefly considers the “equity will not” doctrines’ current status, suggesting that most are still in use today, and concludes by arguing that they have enduring functions, even if their traditional scope may need to be adjusted.