bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associação entre espiritualidade, coping religioso e variáveis sociodemográficas em residentes de saúde do Recife
Authors: Jordán Arturo de Pádua Walfrido , Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa , Barbosa Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes , Haimenis Brunna , Freitas Lays Santana , Falcão João Victor de Albuquerque Muniz de Arruda
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Introdução: A espiritualidade, ao viabilizar o coping religioso/espiritual positivo ou enfrentamento religioso/espiritual, promove o fortalecimento da resiliência, a construção de uma visão positiva de mundo e a mobilização da rede de apoio social, desempenhando um papel relevante na promoção da saúde física e mental. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o coping religioso/espiritual por meio da análise da associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas/educacionais e o nível de orientação espiritual em residentes de saúde do Recife. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, exploratório e quantitativo de caráter analítico. A espiritualidade foi avaliada por meio da Spirituality Self Rating Scale (SSRS) e o coping religioso/espiritual, pela Escala de Coping Religioso/Espiritual Abreviada (CRE-Breve). Os dados coletados foram analisados no software Stata 12.1 com razões de prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas estimadas, com intervalos de confiança de 95%. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CEP) do Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP) com CAAE nº 42807221.2.0000.5201. Resultado: Entre os 107 participantes, predominaram as seguintes características: faixa etária de 21 a 25 anos (45,8%), sexo feminino (79,4%), participação em programas de residência multiprofissional (50,5%) e matrícula no primeiro ano da residência (89,7%). Identificaram-se coping religioso/espiritual positivo médio, alto e altíssimo em 69,2%, coping religioso/espiritual negativo baixo ou nenhum em 93,4% e nível de orientação espiritual média/alta em 57%. Os residentes com pós-graduação lato sensu evidenciaram RP de 40% a mais para terem nível de orientação espiritual média/alta do que os que cursaram apenas a graduação, e na enfermagem essa razão foi 46% maior do que nas outras áreas. Conclusão: Os maiores níveis de orientação espiritual e coping religioso/espiritual positivo mostraram-se mais prevalentes nos profissionais de enfermagem, assim como naqueles com maior formação acadêmica.
Caso Chrysóstromo: criminalização e patologização da homossexualidade durante o Brasil dos anos de 1980
Authors: Cruz-Lopes Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

Resumo O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o caso de Antônio Chrysóstomo. O jornalista foi um dos fundadores do jornal Lampião da Esquina e protagonista da primeira adoção homoparental conhecida no Brasil, ainda em meados dos anos de 1980. Neste período, Chrysóstomo foi acusado pela filha de sua empregada e por vizinhas de abusar sexualmente da criança adotada. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica e de uma etnografia de arquivo realizada no Acervo Edgard Leuenroth, investigo como a homossexualidade se insere naquele contexto de abertura democrática fazendo uso da criminologia crítica dos operadores analíticos de Michel Misse. Deste modo, compreendendo que os saberes médico e jurídico compartilham com a sociedade da época uma noção patologizante da homossexualidade. É nessa articulação que a verdade jurídica que condena o jornalista é construída, associando sua homossexualidade à pedofilia.
Nursing preceptorship: challenges and strategies to strengthen teaching-management-care-social control integration
Authors: Gleriano Josué Souza , Krein Carlise , Reis Juliana Benevenuto , Silva Fabiana Aparecida da , Vidal Pedro Henrique de Oliveira Marques , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: February 2025

Abstract Objective to characterize the teaching-learning challenges of undergraduate students in the Supervised Curricular Nursing Internship and the strategies proposed for the integration of teaching-management-care-social control in the perception of preceptors and supervising professors. Method qualitative study through Appreciative Inquiry, carried out in 2023, in a nursing course. Twelve preceptors and two supervising professors participated. Data were collected in two meetings and audio-recorded. The phases of the 4D cycle were used as a strategy: Discovery, Dream, Design, and Destiny. The material was analyzed from the perspective of teaching-management-care-social control integration and competencies required in nursing education. Results the main challenges lie in monitoring interns, practices that are more assistance-oriented rather than focused on prevention/promotion, little pedagogical support, and distancing from the skills profile. In terms of contributory aspects, there are reports of interprofessional work, but with limitations. Participants developed nine improvement strategies to guide the development of the required competencies, which require changes in the educational institution and the preceptor’s practice. Conclusion and implications for practice the study’s findings reveal the need for a significant review of supervision methods and pedagogical support, a balance between immediate care and preventive actions, and alignment of the competencies expected in supervised practice. The proposed improvement strategies aim to qualify preceptorship to strengthen nursing education.
Preceptoria em enfermagem: desafios e estratégias para fortalecer a integração ensino-gestão-atenção-controle social
Authors: Gleriano Josué Souza , Krein Carlise , Reis Juliana Benevenuto , Silva Fabiana Aparecida da , Vidal Pedro Henrique de Oliveira Marques , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: February 2025

Resumo Objetivo caracterizar os desafios de ensino-aprendizagem de graduandos no Estágio Curricular Supervisionado de enfermagem e as estratégias propostas para a integração ensino-gestão-atenção-controle social na percepção de preceptores e professores supervisores. Método estudo qualitativo por meio da Pesquisa Apreciativa, realizado em 2023, em um curso de enfermagem. Participaram doze preceptores e dois professores supervisores. Dados coletados em dois encontros audiogravados; foram utilizadas como estratégia as fases do ciclo 4D: Descoberta, Sonho, Planejamento e Destino. Material analisado na perspectiva da integração ensino-gestão-atenção-controle social e competências requeridas na formação de enfermeiros. Resultados os principais desafios estão no acompanhamento do estagiário, na prática mais assistencialista do que prevenção/promoção, pouco apoio pedagógico e distanciamento do perfil de competências. Nos aspectos contributivos existe relato de trabalho interprofissional, porém com limitações. Participantes elaboraram nove estratégias de melhoria para orientar o desenvolvimento das competências requeridas, mas que exigem transformações na instituição de ensino e na prática do preceptor. Conclusão e implicações para prática revelam necessidade de revisão significativa nos métodos de supervisão e apoio pedagógico, do equilíbrio entre cuidados imediatos e ações preventivas e alinhamento das competências esperadas na prática supervisionada. As estratégias de melhoria propostas visam qualificar a preceptoria com vistas ao fortalecimento da formação em enfermagem.
Use of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among gay and other men who have sex with men
Authors: Monteiro Paulo Victor Avelino , Moreira Andressa Carneiro , Santos Stéfanie Helen da Silva , Santos Jamile Calmon dos , Vasconcelos Mayara Nascimento de , Cruz Monalisa Rodrigues da , Sousa George Jó Bezerra , Miranda Karla Corrêa Lima , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with adherence to and discontinuation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV among gay and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study. Outcomes analyzed were adherence to and discontinuation of PrEP use. Results The prevalence of PrEP adherence was 73.3%, while discontinuation reached 19.0%. Adherence was associated with factors such as missed medical appointments and diagnoses of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Discontinuation, on the other hand, was linked to race, missed medical appointments, periods of non-use, switching health care providers, and tobacco use. Conclusion and implications for practice: Adherence was the most prevalent outcome in PrEP use among gay and other MSM. Both adherence and discontinuation were influenced by social, cultural, economic, racial/ethnic, and psychological factors. Identifying these associations may help improve the implementation of health policies, monitor PrEP usage, and strengthen the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).
Uso da profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV por gays e homens que fazem sexo com homens
Authors: Monteiro Paulo Victor Avelino , Moreira Andressa Carneiro , Santos Stéfanie Helen da Silva , Santos Jamile Calmon dos , Vasconcelos Mayara Nascimento de , Cruz Monalisa Rodrigues da , Sousa George Jó Bezerra , Miranda Karla Corrêa Lima , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados à adesão e à descontinuidade da profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP) ao HIV por gays e homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Método: Este é um estudo epidemiológico transversal. Os desfechos analisados foram a adesão e a descontinuidade do uso da PrEP. Resultados A prevalência de adesão ao uso da PrEP foi de 73,3%, enquanto a descontinuidade atingiu 19,0%. A adesão mostrou associação com fatores como faltas às consultas e diagnóstico de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs). Já a descontinuidade esteve associada à raça, faltas às consultas, períodos de interrupção no uso, troca de serviço de saúde e consumo de fumo/tabaco. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: A adesão foi o desfecho mais prevalente entre gays e HSH no uso da PrEP. Tanto a adesão quanto a descontinuidade demonstraram relação com fatores sociais, culturais, econômicos, étnico-raciais e psicológicos. Identificar essas associações pode ser útil para aprimorar a implementação de políticas de saúde, monitorar o uso da PrEP e fortalecer o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
A Pele de Vênus: análise de uma obra artística no teatro e no cinema à luz do grande tempo
Authors: Ribeiro João Vítor Zanato de Carvalho , Lodi Ana Claudia Balieiro
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a obra A Pele de Vênus a partir da dramaturgia teatral Venus in Fur, escrita por David Ives em 2010, e do filme francês La Vénus à la Fourrure, dirigido por Roman Polanski em 2013. Nesta análise, busca-se compreender os diálogos estabelecidos entre a peça e o filme com outras obras artísticas do passado, envolvendo os sentidos historicamente construídos sobre a mulher e seu papel social, temáticas que perpassam A Pele de Vênus. O olhar teórico-metodológico que fundamenta a análise proposta são os estudos de Bakhtin e o Círculo, entendendo que as obras artísticas se inserem na longa cadeia discursiva humana do grande tempo, refletindo e refratando sua própria época, ao mesmo tempo que respondem ao passado, projetando-se para o futuro. Por sua vez, A Pele de Vênus promove uma grande festa de renovação dos sentidos, espraiando seu diálogo para além de seu contexto sócio-histórico de circulação, atingindo obras do passado e contextos outros ao colocar no centro de sua discussão a representação da mulher na arte.
Entre história e ficção, os bons ventos da memória: reflexões sobre a obra de Antero Pereira Filho
Authors: Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares da
Published: February 2025

Resumo A literatura produzida no Aracati (CE) se caracteriza por suas fortes tendências memorialísticas. No âmbito desse cenário literário, a obra publicada por Antero Pereira Filho ganha destaque pelo cuidado com que recorre às fontes históricas para produzir uma reflexão contundente acerca da realidade regional. Seus trabalhos incluem contribuições de ordem historiográfica, como Ponte Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek (2009), A maçonaria em Aracati (2010) e Aracati era assim (2024, organizador), mas notabilizam-se por duas obras propriamente literárias, Assim me contaram (primeira edição de 1996; segunda edição de 2015) e Histórias de assombração do Aracati (primeira edição de 2006; segunda edição de 2016). A presente análise avança em bases sociológicas para explorar aspectos centrais da obra desse autor, destacando a coerência e a complexidade de sua visão sobre a realidade aracatiense, transitando entre história, memória e ficção.
A medida do impossível: a ciência poética dos seres comuns
Authors: Moreira Maria Elisa Rodrigues
Published: February 2025

Resumo Neste artigo, reflete-se sobre a produção da escritora brasileira Maria Esther Maciel, com especial atenção às suas incursões pela zoopoética, as quais se associam também à sua carreira como professora e pesquisadora. O fio condutor do artigo é o livro Pequena enciclopédia de seres comuns, escrito por Maciel (2021) e ilustrado por Julia Panadés. Nele uma série de verbetes mescla animais, plantas e outros seres vivos, ficcionais ou não. Sua estrutura reforça os deslizamentos entre as diversas espécies que compõem o livro, assim como entre a arte e a ciência, levando os leitores a pensar acerca dos próprios processos de classificação que ordenam nossa produção de conhecimento e das relações entre humanos e não humanos.
Voice handicap, vocal fatigue, and voice-related quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Santiago Raí dos Santos , Araújo Jaya Miranda Carvalho de , Nascimento Márcia Helena Cassago , Anhoque Carolina Fiorin , Neves Alana Tagarro , Depolli Gabriel Trevizani , Castrillo Bruno Batitucci , Dias Paula Zago Melo , Vanzo Regina Eliza Albano , Nascimento Carla Carvalho , Barauna Valerio Garrone , Rodrigues Lívia Carla de Melo
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose to describe sociodemographic characteristics of individuals with multiple sclerosis and correlate and compare vocal fatigue, voice handicap, and voice-related quality of life of individuals with and without the disease. Methods Cross-sectional, quantitative study with 52 volunteers with multiple sclerosis and 52 control volunteers, matched by sex, age, and education level. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through a questionnaire and medical record analysis. Participants responded to the reduced Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10), Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI), and Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL). Correlational and comparative analyses were performed, with a 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results There was a greater predominance of females diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, with a mean age of 40 years, who graduated from high school, and with a relapsing-remitting disease course. Voice handicap was positively correlated with vocal fatigue, and voice handicap and vocal fatigue were negatively correlated with voice-related quality of life in both groups. Participants with multiple sclerosis exceeded the VHI-10 and VFI cutoff scores and were below the V-RQOL cutoff score. Conclusion There was a prevalence of the disease in young, educated females with relapsing-remitting disease. The greater the voice handicap and/or vocal fatigue, the lower the voice-related quality of life in both groups. However, people with multiple sclerosis self-reported greater voice handicap and vocal fatigue and poorer voice-related quality of life.
Script Voz – simulador de casos clínicos de adultos com disfonia comportamental: planejamento e elaboração de conteúdo
Authors: Nogueira Lorena Luiza Costa Rosa , Dias Sandro Renato , Almeida Anna Alice de Figueirêdo , Azevedo Renata Rangel , Gama Ana Cristina Côrtes
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Objetivo Apresentar os resultados preliminares do desenvolvimento de uma plataforma web que visa o treino do raciocínio clínico voltado para a abordagem fonoaudiológica de pacientes com disfonia comportamental. Método Estudo metodológico que descreve as etapas de desenvolvimento da ferramenta. Os conteúdos foram definidos por consenso a partir de painel de especialistas. O projeto cumprirá com as etapas de planejamento, desenvolvimento da plataforma, elaboração do conteúdo, avaliação de usabilidade e aceitação dos usuários, redefinição da ferramenta e determinação dos encargos. O presente artigo apresenta os processos e os resultados das três primeiras etapas. Resultados Denominada Script Voz, a plataforma web contemplará, inicialmente, seis casos clínicos de disfonias comportamentais. O usuário poderá selecionar um caso clínico de cada vez, devendo ser conduzido sequencialmente pelas etapas de avaliação, diagnóstico e planejamento terapêutico do caso. Para tanto, deverá escolher a(s) resposta(s) que julgar adequada(s) a cada uma das dez perguntas propostas para cada caso clínico. São apresentados os guias de procedimentos para avaliação, diagnóstico e planejamento terapêutico voltados para os casos clínicos que comporão a ferramenta, evidenciando os seus processos. Conclusão A Script Voz será de livre acesso. Os guias de procedimento aqui dispostos nortearão a coleta de dados, os diagnósticos de manifestação e o planejamento terapêutico voltados para os casos clínicos que comporão a ferramenta. As perguntas e devolutivas que guiarão a experiência do usuário encontram-se ainda em fase final de elaboração. A ferramenta usará casos clínicos reais e argumentos ancorados no raciocínio clínico de profissionais experientes.
Subvolcanic petrology of the Pico dos Três Estados region (SE Brazil): Implications for Alkaline Magmatic Evolution
Authors: Freitas Graciano Carlos de , Corval Artur , Silva Júlio Cesar Lopes da , Pinheiro Helena Saraiva Koenow , Valente Sérgio de Castro
Published: February 2025

Abstract This paper presents a geological study of the subvolcanic bodies present in the Pico dos Três Estados (São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), and Minas Gerais (MG)) and its surroundings at the Passa Quatro Alkaline Complex. In this study, we used field-collected data, petrography, and geochemical analysis data. From a more detailed fieldwork, we verified that the region that appeared to present only two lithologies in previous works presented a faciological complex with at least six distinct facies, with emphasis on the phonolitic body that forms the Pico dos Três Estados (2,665 m high). Still regarding fieldwork, we found that there are signs of magma mingling processes in the area. Modeling indicates that 10% of fractional crystallization was able to derive the phonolitic rocks from a trachytic liquid based on the following elements: Y, Nb, Yb, Ce, Sm, Eu, La, Nd, Hf, and Pr. The modal batch partial melting shows the possible mantle sources for the magmatism in this area. This data pointed out the involvement of an enriched mantle source in the La/Yb ratio by at least 16 times more than an Oceanic Island Basalt (OIB)-type mantle.
Acute inflammatory profile of patients submitted to pulmonary resection
Authors: Souza Andrea Pelicia Roso de , Palhares Raquel , Baltieri Letícia , Mussi Ricardo Kalaf , Antunes Edson , Mello Glaucia Coelho de
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose: To establish a profile of the inflammatory response in the preoperative and postoperative period of pulmonary resection of patients without postoperative complications, in order to trace the inflammatory profile of lung resection surgery. Methods: Six collections of arterial and venous blood were performed for data analysis, one sample in the preoperative, immediate postoperative, 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Twenty-seven patients with a median age of 63 years old, ranging from 29 to 80 years old, were included. Results: The leukocyte count showed a significant increase in the times: immediate postoperative and 4 hours after surgery, in relation to the preoperative period. Concomitantly, there was an increase in lactate, heart rate, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 after 4 hours of surgery. The platelet count showed a significant decrease in 48 h, associated with an increase in IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. A significant increase in IL-10 was observed in the immediate postoperative. Conclusion: The study may contribute to the search for more specific and adequate alternatives for controlling the inflammatory response. In this way, the intervention would be specific to that cytokine that causes the greatest harm to the patient, as well as to the moment of the intervention.
Deficiência e Interseccionalidade: (Re)pensando a Educação Física e os professores com deficiência
Authors: Santos Fabrício de Paula
Published: February 2025

RESUMO O artigo analisa o fenômeno da corpolatria na Educação Física, focando nos desafios enfrentados por professores com deficiência física. Este estudo é um ensaio teórico que utiliza uma abordagem crítica, investigando como os marcadores sociais de diferença geram opressão e exclusão, a partir da interseccionalidade. O ensaio reflete a temática com base na conceituação teórica da interseccionalidade e em resultados de pesquisas recentes. Evidenciam-se estigmas e preconceitos contra esses profissionais. Conclui-se que valorizar a diversidade corporal e a competência profissional é crucial para promover um ambiente inclusivo e equitativo na Educação Física.
Infectiousness to sand flies of a cat naturally infected with Leishmania infantum at the moment of diagnosis and after three different courses of treatment
Authors: Dantas da Silva Mariana , Nakaghi Andrea Cristina Higa , Galvis-Ovallos Fredy , Leonel João Augusto Franco , Vioti Geovanna , Galati Eunice Aparecida Bianchi , Fazolato Nayara Cristina de Oliveira , Martins Julia Pinho , Oliveira Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa
Published: February 2025

Abstract In this study, an evaluation was made of three treatments against feline leishmaniosis (FeL) and their impacts on the transmission of Leishmania infantum to its vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis. A cat with clinical signs of FeL was examined and L. infantum diagnosed. Subsequently, the cat was subjected to xenodiagnosis and L. infantum detected in the vectors. The cat was then treated with three different drugs and the clinical improvement and parasite transmissibility to the vector were evaluated. Promastigotes were observed in 21/52 female sandflies (40.38%) in a xenodiagnosis prior to the treatments. Clinical signs persisted after the first treatment with marbofloxacin, and the cat remained positive in serological, molecular, and parasitological tests. Therefore, the cat was treated with miltefosine but remained sick and tested positive. A second xenodiagnosis was performed a month after treatment with miltefosine, and promastigotes were observed in 5/9 females (55.55%). Lastly, the cat was treated with allopurinol, which led to good clinical improvement, but it remained positive, and a final xenodiagnosis revealed Leishmania in 2/29 (6.89%) females. The results showed that only treatment with allopurinol produced a good clinical response, but none of the treatments succeeded in eliminating L. infantum infection or preventing transmission to the vector.
Expanding the knowledge of Brazilian Gastrotrich biodiversity: Freshwater Paucitubulatina (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Minowa Axell Kou , Garraffoni André Rinaldo Senna
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Knowledge of neotropical freshwater gastrotrichs, especially in Brazil, has gained momentum in the past decades, with new species being discovered yearly, accumulating in the last 30 years more than 10% of known species worldwide. Nevertheless, there is still much to accomplish in the field, with large geographical gaps to be filled, especially in continental countries such as Brazil. In the present study, we report the partial results of an expedition that, for the first time, sampled the inland waters of Alagoas, Bahía, and Pernambuco states, Northeast Region, Brazil, and found ten species belonging to five genera of Chaetonotidae. We report the first occurrence in Brazil of Chaetonotus majestuosus Grosso & Drahg, 1984, originally described from Argentina, and the second record in Brazil of Chaetonotus dadayi Schwank, 1990, originally found in Paraguay, and the first occurrence beyond ‘terra typica’ of Heterolepidodermella jureiense Kisielewski, 1991, originally discovered in Southeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we report members of species in conformity to species originally described in European countries Chaetonotus cf. persetosus Zelinka, 1889, and Chaetonotus cf. oculifer Kisielewski, 1981, although further investigations are needed to confirm the occurrence of such widespread lineages. Finally, we list three putative undescribed species related to Lepidochaetus aff. zelinkai (Grünspan, 1908), Chaetonotus aff. hoanicus Schwank, 1990 and Chaetonotus aff. acanthocephalus Valkanov, 1937. This new survey increases the list of northeast Brazilian freshwater gastrotrichs to 13 species.
A theoretical model for estimating the flexural stiffness of CHC joints
Authors: Nong Xingzhong , Xiang Bao , Wu Juyang , Ding Xianli , Zhao Weigang , Gao Song
Published: February 2025

The CHC joint is a steel-concrete composite insert-type joint, which has been successfully implemented at the Shenzhen Pingxi Station in China, advantages in terms of construction efficiency and environmental sustainability. However, the design methodology for CHC joints remains unreported. This study begins by clarifying the moment-rotation relationship of CHC joints through experimental methods. Subsequently, a novel dual spring-rigid arm theoretical model to estimate the joint's bending stiffness is proposes. The model parameters are derived from a series of rigorous mechanical theoretical derivations, resulting in a concise explicit expression for the bending stiffness. Results indicate that the theoretical model can accurately estimate the bending stiffness of CHC joints during service, with an average error in the calculated results of just 2.1%. This innovative approach holds promise for broader application in joint design and analysis, offering valuable insights for future research and practical implementation.
Characterization of the Cystic Phenotype Associated with Monoallelic ALG8 and ALG9 Pathogenic Variants
Authors: Jawaid Tabinda , Elbarougy Doaa E. , Lavu Sravanthi , Buia Guillaume , Senum Sarah R. , Olinger Eric , Yang Hana , McDonnell Shannon K. , Bublitz Joshua T. , Ma Jun , Audrézet Marie-Pierre , Madsen Charles D. , Schauer Rachel S. , Baker Tracy A. , Gregory Adriana V. , Orr Sarah G. , Barroso-Gil Miguel , Neatu Ruxandra , Joli Giancarlo , Dahl Neera K. , Kline Timothy L. , Gillion Valentine , Dahan Karin , Jouret Francois , Perrone Ronald D. , Steinman Theodore I. , Peters Dorien J.M. , Gitomer Berenice Y. , Watnick Terry J. , Coto Eliecer , Chebib Fouad T. , Hogan Marie C. , Olson Janet E. , Larson Nicholas B. , Ars Elisabet , Halbritter Jan , Demoulin Nathalie , Torres Vicente E. , Sayer John A. , Cornec-Le Gall Emilie , Harris Peter C. ,   on behalf of Genomics England Research Consortium, UK Biobank, HALT PKD, DIPAK, TAME PKD, Genkyst studies, Mayo Clinic Biobank, and Regeneron Genetics Center
Published: February 2025

Background:

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common, inherited nephropathy often resulting in kidney failure. It is genetically heterogeneous; along with the major genes, PKD1 and PKD2, at least 8 others have been suggested. ALG8 pathogenic variants have been associated with autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease and implicated in ADPKD, while ALG9 has been suggested as an ADPKD gene, but details of the phenotypes and penetrance are unclear.

Methods:

We screened >3900 families with cystic kidneys and/or livers using global approaches to detect ALG8 or ALG9 pathogenic variants. In addition, population cohorts with sequence data (Genomics England 100kGP (100kGP), UK Biobank (UKBB), and Mayo Clinic Biobank (MCBB)), were screened for ALG8/ALG9 pathogenic variants.

Results:

Multicenter screening of individuals with polycystic kidney and/or liver disease identified 51 (1.3%) ALG8 (7 multiplex) and 23 (0.6%) ALG9 (5 multiplex) families; frequencies that were ∼10x and ∼24x greater than non-polycystic kidney disease (PKD) controls. Analysis of individuals with PKD phenotypes in 100kGP, UKBB, and MCBB identified 9 ALG8 (0.39%) and 9 ALG9 (0.39%) families, an enriched frequency over controls. Two individuals had PKD1 and ALG8 pathogenic changes. Eighty-nine percent of individuals with ALG8 mutations with imaging in the entire MCBB had kidney cysts (56%, >10 cysts), with greater median kidney and liver cyst numbers than controls. For ALG9, 78% had kidney cysts (27%, >10 cysts). Individuals with ALG8 mutations typically had mild cystic kidneys with limited enlargement. Liver cysts were common (71%) with enlarged livers (>2L) found in 11/62 patients although surgical intervention was rare. The ALG9 kidney phenotype was also of mild cystic kidneys but enlarged livers were rare; for both genes chronic kidney disease or kidney failure were rare.

Conclusions:

ALG8 and ALG9 are defined as cystic kidney/liver genes but with limited penetrance for lower eGFR.
Changes in muscle tone after electrotherapy in patients suffering from chronic migraine and cervicalgia
Authors: Soskin V.M. , Naprienko M.V. , Zhumanova E.N. , Smekalkina L.V.
Published: February 2025

Chronic migraine and cervicalgia have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. Traditional treatment methods do not always provide long-term improvement, which necessitates the search for alternative methods of therapy. Electrotherapy and botulinum therapy are considered as promising methods for reducing pain and improving the general condition of patients. Objective. Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of electrotherapy and botulinum therapy on muscle tone and pain syndrome in patients with chronic migraine and cervicalgia. Material and methods. The study included 61 patients with chronic migraine and cervicalgia, divided into two groups. Patients of the first group (n=31) received a course of electrotherapy (TENS), patients of the second group (n=30) — botulinum therapy. The pain threshold was assessed by the method of algometry before and one month after treatment in key muscle groups (sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles). Results. Under the influence of electrotherapy and botulinum therapy, a significant reduction in pain syndrome was noted. However, patients who received electrotherapy had a more pronounced decrease in muscle tone and pain in all muscle groups studied, which was confirmed by a significant increase in the pain threshold (by 53—71%) compared to botulinum therapy (by 26—38%). Conclusion. Electrotherapy and botulinum therapy are effective methods of treating chronic migraine and cervicalgia, but electrotherapy showed more pronounced results in reducing muscle tone and pain. These studies confirm the feasibility of using electrotherapy as a preferred method of treating this category of patients.
THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL TRANSFORMATION ON DECENT WORK IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: William Manga Mokofe
Published: February 2025

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of global transformation on the concept of decent work in South Africa. By examining the country’s unique historical, social and economic circumstances, the article explores the challenges and opportunities that arise from global dynamics. It investigates various dimensions of decent work affected by global transformation, including employment patterns, wages, working conditions, skills requirements, job security and social protection. The article highlights the need for adaptive strategies to address evolving labour-market dynamics, and emphasises the crucial role of government and stakeholders in promoting decent work. Through collaborative efforts, social dialogue and inclusive policy frameworks, South Africa can effectively navigate global transformation and work towards a labour market that ensures equitable, dignified and fulfilling employment opportunities for all its workers. This research contributes to the academic discourse on the intersection of global transformation, labour markets and decent work, and offers insights and recommendations for policy makers, scholars and practitioners in South Africa and beyond.
Critiquing South Africa’s General Intelligence Laws Amendment Bill: Drawing Lessons from Germany’s Comprehensive Surveillance Oversight
Authors: Casper Lӧtter
Published: February 2025

Governments have a responsibility to manage intelligence surveillance oversight without overreach as a fundamental principle of democracy. This delicate equilibrium can only be achieved through collaboration with civil society and a strong allegiance to the rule of law. The article delves into and underscores the chasm that has opened between a weak oversight function and an unchecked, inadequately regulated overreach in South African intelligence surveillance, a remnant of the Zuma era. It commences with an overview of South Africa’s General Intelligence Laws Amendment Bill 40 of 2023 and goes on to provide a synopsis of Germany’s oversight function. A comparative analysis of the German intelligence oversight model is undertaken, examining its strengths and vulnerabilities. Principled, measured and calibrated recommendations are proposed, based on best practices related to the German oversight model.
The Implications of a Tactical Resignation Before the Announcement of a Sanction of Dismissal Mthimkhulu v Standard Bank of SA (2021) 42 ILJ 158 (LC)
Authors: Vuyo Peach
Published: February 2025

Unlike the typical cases interdicting disciplinary proceedings – which have often not been greeted with judicial applause because of their adverse impact on the Labour Court’s urgent court roll – Mthimkhulu v Standard Bank of SA ((2021) 42 ILJ 158 (LC) (Mthimkhulu)) stands on a slightly different footing. Moshoana J’s instructive decision speaks to the problematic persistence of urgent applications to invalidate unlawful dismissals. The case also replicates a set of fundamental issues concerning the legal effect of post-resignation disciplinary proceedings. In essence, the vexed question is whether an employee who has been found guilty of a serious offence may avoid the ultimate sanction of dismissal by resigning before an employer announces the sanction. To invoke Moshoana J’s colourful language, the applicant’s stance is that “being the first man on the ball, the respondent employer forfeited the right to tackle and play the ball”. Mthimkhulu also invites consideration of jurisdictional quandaries in contemporary labour-dispute resolution regarding the power of the Labour Court to set aside an unlawful dismissal. In a word, the judgment is too good to escape scholarly attention. To respond adequately to the crisp questions arising, the essential starting point remains the pertinent facts at issue in Mthimkhulu. This note conducts an overview of the principles underpinning disposal applications for interim relief. The decision of the Labour Court in the case at hand also affords an opportunity for critical appraisal of all facets of resignation, the instances of the institution and/or continuation of disciplinary proceedings post-resignation, as well as the jurisdictional footprints implicated whenever the Labour Court is asked to invalidate unlawful dismissal.
Nuremberg After Seventy-Five Years: A Reflection and Assessment of its Influence on International Law
Authors: George  Barrie
Published: February 2025

Seventy-five decades have elapsed since the conclusion of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg (IMT). Its influence on international law has been incalculable. Its two main contributions have been the concepts “crimes against humanity” and “crime of genocide”. The former concept was owing to the influence on the proceedings of Hersch Lauterpacht, and the latter to that of Raphael Lemkin. Lauterpacht was an academic from Cambridge University, and Lemkin was an academic from Duke University. The concept “crimes against humanity” ultimately got a central role in the proceedings and, for the first time in history, was recognised to be an established part of international law. None of the IMT defendants were found guilty of genocide but the introduction of the concept during the proceedings led to the speedy adoption of the 1948 Genocide Convention.
Legal Protection of Linguistic Minority Under Discrimination: The Case of Anglophone Cameroon
Authors: D Kome
Published: February 2025

The minority English-speaking population in Cameroon, where French is the majority language, has a number of political, economic and social complaints that collectively make up the “Anglophone problem”. These grievances are described using the terms “discrimination”, “marginalisation”, and “second-class citizenship”. The right to speak English in Cameroon must always be upheld as a fundamental right. To protect the rights of minorities, Cameroon has established a number of laws. Since Cameroon and many other countries have ratified a number of human-rights instruments, it is the State’s duty to safeguard all the rights guaranteed by these instruments, including those of minorities. As demonstrated by the current crisis (another escalation in that cycle), several political systemic deficiencies need to be remedied if Cameroon is to grow as a single nation. Greater localised control over political and financial resources might be necessary to achieve this. To better serve the needs of citizens, existing institutions and leadership structures must become more accommodating.
AN UNJUST INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 116(1) OF THE CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 68 OF 2008: THE IMPACT OF First Rand Bank Limited v Ludick GP (unreported) 2020-06-18 Case no A277/2019
Authors: Tshepiso Scott-Ngoepe
Published: February 2025

One of the key objectives of the Consumer Protection Act (68 of 2008) (CPA) is to ensure that consumers are provided with “an accessible, consistent, harmonised, effective and efficient system of redress”. This has not been an easy feat. Some difficulties have arisen from the interpretation of a detailed, yet unclear system of redress as set out in section 69 of the CPA, particularly in relation to when the court can be approached and whether there is an implied hierarchy that applies in the dispute resolution process. In other instances, the reluctance of industry members to willingly co-operate with accredited industry ombuds has made the work of these dispute resolution agents challenging. A further aspect that has undermined a key objective of the CPA to ensure that consumers have access to redress, is the interpretation that has been afforded to section 116(1) of the CPA, following the decision of the High Court in FirstRand Bank Limited v Ludick (unreported case no: A277/2019). Section 116(1) of the CPA regulates prescription in terms of the statute. It provides that consumers ought to approach the consumer court or Tribunal within a period of three years from the date of the act or omission; or, in the case of conduct that is ongoing or continuing, the date upon which, the conduct in question ceased. Before Ludick, the Tribunal adopted a less stringent approach to this provision. Following Ludick, however, the approach of the Tribunal in CPA-related matters concerning the interpretation of section 116(1) of the CPA changed— arguably for the worst. In light of this, this note analyses the decision in Ludick and its application over the past few years to CPA prescription matters. This discussion is prefaced by a discussion of the facts and the finding of Ludick.  This is followed by a critical discussion of the court’s prescription-related findings, which assesses: (i) the nature of the matters adjudicated under the NCA and the CPA respectively; (ii) the Tribunal’s powers; (iii) the adverse impact of Ludick on the Tribunal’s interpretation of section 116(1) of the CPA; and (iv) a constitutionally aligned interpretation of section 116(1) of the CPA.
THE TIMING OF A PROPOSED SETTLEMENT IN INSOLVENCY CAN BE A GAMBLE: Corruseal Corrugated KZN v Zakharov [2023] ZAWCHC 48
Authors: Andre Boraine  , Zingapi Mabe
Published: February 2025

In Corruseal Corrugated KZN v Zakharov ([2023] ZAWCHC 48), the court considered whether a donation made to a debtor after a provisional sequestration order (but before the final order of sequestration) with a view to enabling the debtor to settle debts against their estate did in fact settle the debtor’s debts to the sequestrating creditor, thereby leaving the sequestrating creditor without locus standi to pursue a final order of sequestration. The court also enquired whether the respondent debtor was factually insolvent. The general legal position is that, upon sequestration of a person’s estate, all their assets at the date of sequestration and all assets acquired after (during) sequestration (except for exempt or excluded assets) vest in the Master of the High Court, and thereafter in the trustee once appointed. Thus, a donation accepted and received by the insolvent after sequestration also vests in the insolvent estate.
This case note discusses the judgment in Corruseal Corrugated, focusing on whether the court should have granted the final sequestration order under the circumstances, and if the matter should or could have been approached differently. The pertinent aspect to be addressed in this case note is, however, to consider the construction to be used if a third party, perhaps a family member or a friend, wants to give financial assistance to a debtor to avoid the final sequestration of their estate following an order of provisional sequestration.
Zamana bağlı akış alanının açık kaynak programlar ile aerodinamik incelemesi
Authors: Zafer Baha , Ekinci Mehmet Fatih
Published: February 2025

Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda sıklıkla araştırma konusu olmuş rüzgâr türbini kanat profili NREL S826’ nın açık kaynak kodlu hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği (HAD) yazılımı OpenFOAM ile aerodinamik incelemesi yapılmıştır. İki boyutlu akış alanının çözümünde k-ω SST ve Langtry-Menter’ in Transitional SST (γ-〖R ̃e〗_θt) modeli kullanılırken, üç boyutlu analizlerde Transition SST (γ-〖R ̃e〗_θt) türbülans modeli kullanılmıştır. Yapılan bütün analizler zamana bağlı olup basınca dayalı yarı kapalı hibrit bir çözücü olan pimpleCentralFoam ile çözülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler deneysel çalışmalarla karşılaştırılarak detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir.
AISI 304 çeliği üzerinde termokimyasal işlemle yapılan sermet kaplama sonrası yapısal ve mekanik özelliklerdeki değişimin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kayaalp Murat , Hasırcı Hasan
Published: February 2025

İşletme koşullarında karşılaşılan termal, mekanik ve kimyasal etkilere karşı dayanım için malzemenin tamamını değiştirmek yerine, çalışma koşullarına uygun kaplama yapılması sıklıkla tercih edilir. Ergitme, elektrokimyasal, kimyasal, termokimyasal ve mekanik yöntemler gibi birçok kaplama yöntemi bulunmaktadır. Malzemelerin özellikle yüksek sıcaklık koşullarında çalışması gerektiğinde, seramik ağırlıklı bileşenlere sahip kaplamalar tercih edilmekte, ancak bu kaplamaların yapılabilmesi için de çok özel teknolojiler ve cihazlar ile yüksek sıcaklık ve basınç ihtiyacı da bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenlerle; bu çalışmada maliyet etkin bir şekilde pahalı ve özel cihazlar kullanmadan, AISI 304 paslanmaz çelik malzeme yüzeyi Al2O3+SiO2+ZrO+B4C+Ti+Al toz sermet malzeme karışımı kullanılarak termokimyasal yöntemle atmosfer kontrolsüz ve basınçsız bir ısıl işlem fırınında kaplanmıştır. Altlık yüzey kalitesinin tespiti amacıyla, kaplama öncesinde malzemeler 600 ve 1200 mesh yüzey kalitesinde hazırlanmıştır. Kaplanan malzemelerde yapısal ve mekanik özelliklerin değişimi incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonunda; basit bir fırın içerisinde dahi başarıyla kaplama yapılabildiği, kaplamanın mekanik test sırasında malzeme ile birlikte deformasyona uğrayarak kopmadan/ayrışmadan birlikte şekil değişimine uğradığı ve kaplamanın mekanik özellikleri geliştirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sermet kaplama sonrasında; çekme dayanımında  % 65, akma dayanımında  + %32 ve sertlikte ise  %66 artış olurken, uzamada ise  % 1 oranında azalmanın meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Kaplama işleminde sürenin çok önemli olduğu, süre arttıkça özelliklerin daha da iyileştiği tespit edilmiştir.
Inmigración y metrópolis: Reflexiones acerca de la historia urbana
Authors: Portes Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta un esquema evolutivo de la relación entre migración y ciudad. Describo los aspectos centrales de tal relación histórica como preámbulo para examinar tres aspectos de la situación actual: los diversos determinantes de flujos contemporáneos de trabajadores, los orígenes políticos de la resistencia a la migración internacional y el renovado papel protagonista de áreas metropolitanas en calidad de nódulos estratégicos del sistema internacional. Como parte del tercer tema, esbozo el surgimiento del transnacionalismo como forma novedosa de adaptación inmigrante y como una respuesta potencial a la lógica prevaleciente del capitalismo global. Por último, discuto las implicaciones teóricas y de política pública que se desprenden de este análisis.
TBM Performance Prediction Using Statistical and Machine Learning Algorithms: Case Study of Slurry TBM Used in Mumbai Metro Rail Tunnel Line–3 (UGC-03), India
Authors: Kullarkar Shubham D. , Thote N.R.
Published: February 2025

Estimating the performance of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) is vital for enhancing mining productivity and reducing tunnelling operations-related risks. Penetration rate (PR) is the most prominent TBM performance indicator, which majorly influences the project completion time, contractual activities, and overall cost of the project. Prediction of PR considering varying geotechnical parameters needs to be addressed. This study comprises 235 data points collected from a 3.572 km long twin-tunnel bored using two refurbished articulated single-shield slurry TBM, employed in a metro project in package-03, (UGC- 03) of Mumbai metro rail corporation line-3 (MMRCL-3), in Mumbai, India. The PR of the TBM is predicted using; uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), point load test (PLT (I50)), rock mass rating (RMR), rock quality designation (RQD), porosity (n), and Brazilian tensile strength (BTS) as the input parameters considering two statistical approaches i.e., multivariate linear regression (MVLR) and multivariate non-linear regression (MVNLR) and five machine learning (ML) algorithms i.e., random forests (RF), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), XG-Boost, support vector regression (SVR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). A 90: 10 train: test split was used on the 235 data points. The model developed using XG-Boost regression predicted the most accurate PR with R2 = 0.7877 / RMSE = 0.2113, where RF was the second-best model and closest to XG-Boost with R2 = 0.7679 / RMSE = 0.2200. The developed models indicate a considerable relationship between the input parameters and PR, and PR can be predicted accurately.
Heavy Mineral Analysis and Characterization of Ilmenites from the Beach Sands of Central West Coast of India
Authors: Paltekar Manjunath , Hegde V.S. , Hulaji Shivani , Panda Aurovinda
Published: February 2025

Studies on heavy minerals from the estuarine beaches of Kali and Gangavali River, Central West Coast of India were conducted to understand the abundance of heavy minerals and their characterization. Higher concentrations of heavy minerals were found during monsoon followed by pre- and post-monsoon seasons. Within the sub-environments of the studied beaches, the backshore has a higher abundance compared to berm zone. The estuarine beaches of the Gangavali River show higher heavy mineral concentrations compared to the Kali estuarine beaches. Quantitative heavy mineral studies indicated that ilmenite is the dominant mineral present in the study area and shows a large spatio-temporal variability in their concentration. Ilmenites are highly altered and show three stages of alterations viz., pseudoilmenite, pseudorutile and leucoxene which indicates a progressive alteration process in the natural sedimentary environment that is attributed to the leaching of iron along with other oxides from the ilmenite lattice. The ilmenite abundance in the beach sands and their characteristics suggest a promising source for industrial minerals and have the potential for future exploitation.