bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realistic Indoor Radio Propagation for Sub-GHz Communication
Authors: Bellekens Ben , Penne Rudi , Weyn Maarten
Published: June 2018

This research article proposes a novel ray-launching propagation loss model that is able to use an environment model that contains the real geometry. This environment model is made by applying a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm. As a solution to the rising demands of Internet of Things applications for indoor environments, this deterministic radio propagation loss model is able to simulate an accurate coverage map that can be used for localization applications or network optimizations. Since this propagation loss model uses a 2D environment model that was captured by a moving robot, an automated validation model is developed so that a wireless sensor network can be used for validating the propagation loss model. We validated the propagation loss model by evaluated two environment models towards the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Mean Error (ME). Furthermore, the correlation between the number of rays and the RMSE is analyzed and the correlation between the number of reflections versus the RMSE is also analyzed. Finally, the performance of the radio propagation loss model is analyzed.
A Fog Computing and Cloudlet Based Augmented Reality System for the Industry 4.0 Shipyard
Authors: Fernández-Caramés Tiago , Fraga-Lamas Paula , Suárez-Albela Manuel , Vilar-Montesinos Miguel
Published: June 2018

Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the key technologies pointed out by Industry 4.0 as a tool for enhancing the next generation of automated and computerized factories. AR can also help shipbuilding operators, since they usually need to interact with information (e.g., product datasheets, instructions, maintenance procedures, quality control forms) that could be handled easily and more efficiently through AR devices. This is the reason why Navantia, one of the 10 largest shipbuilders in the world, is studying the application of AR (among other technologies) in different shipyard environments in a project called “Shipyard 4.0”. This article presents Navantia’s industrial AR (IAR) architecture, which is based on cloudlets and on the fog computing paradigm. Both technologies are ideal for supporting physically-distributed, low-latency and QoS-aware applications that decrease the network traffic and the computational load of traditional cloud computing systems. The proposed IAR communications architecture is evaluated in real-world scenarios with payload sizes according to demanding Microsoft HoloLens applications and when using a cloud, a cloudlet and a fog computing system. The results show that, in terms of response delay, the fog computing system is the fastest when transferring small payloads (less than 128 KB), while for larger file sizes, the cloudlet solution is faster than the others. Moreover, under high loads (with many concurrent IAR clients), the cloudlet in some cases is more than four times faster than the fog computing system in terms of response delay.
Optimal Representation of Anuran Call Spectrum in Environmental Monitoring Systems Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Luque Amalia , Gómez-Bellido Jesús , Carrasco Alejandro , Barbancho Julio
Published: June 2018

The analysis and classification of the sounds produced by certain animal species, notably anurans, have revealed these amphibians to be a potentially strong indicator of temperature fluctuations and therefore of the existence of climate change. Environmental monitoring systems using Wireless Sensor Networks are therefore of interest to obtain indicators of global warming. For the automatic classification of the sounds recorded on such systems, the proper representation of the sound spectrum is essential since it contains the information required for cataloguing anuran calls. The present paper focuses on this process of feature extraction by exploring three alternatives: the standardized MPEG-7, the Filter Bank Energy (FBE), and the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). Moreover, various values for every option in the extraction of spectrum features have been considered. Throughout the paper, it is shown that representing the frame spectrum with pure FBE offers slightly worse results than using the MPEG-7 features. This performance can easily be increased, however, by rescaling the FBE in a double dimension: vertically, by taking the logarithm of the energies; and, horizontally, by applying mel scaling in the filter banks. On the other hand, representing the spectrum in the cepstral domain, as in MFCC, has shown additional marginal improvements in classification performance.
Considerations about the Determination of the Depolarization Calibration Profile of a Two-Telescope Lidar and Its Implications for Volume Depolarization Ratio Retrieval
Authors: Comerón Adolfo , Rodríguez-Gómez Alejandro , Sicard Michaël , Barragán Rubén , Muñoz-Porcar Constantino , Rocadenbosch Francesc , Granados-Muñoz María José
Published: June 2018

We propose a new method for calculating the volume depolarization ratio of light backscattered by the atmosphere and a lidar system that employs an auxiliary telescope to detect the depolarized component. It takes into account the possible error in the positioning of the polarizer used in the auxiliary telescope. The theory of operation is presented and then applied to a few cases for which the actual position of the polarizer is estimated, and the improvement of the volume depolarization ratio in the molecular region is quantified. In comparison to the method used before, i.e., without correction, the agreement between the volume depolarization ratio with correction and the theoretical value in the molecular region is improved by a factor of 2–2.5.
Cooperative Feedback Bits Allocation and Transmit Power Control in Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Lee Deokhui , So Jaewoo
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we consider an underlay cognitive radio network where the spectrum is shared with the primary network. Due to the coexistence of primary and secondary networks, primary users (PUs) are interfered with by the inter-network interference, at the same time secondary users (SUs) counteract the intra-network (inter-user) interference. Based on the cooperative feedback between the primary network and the secondary network, the secondary transmitter (ST) applies the cognitive beamforming to suppress the interference to PUs while improving the sum rate of SUs. We herein propose an adaptive feedback bits allocation among multiple PUs and SUs where the quantized channel direction information (CDI) for the interference channel is forwarded to the ST in order to utilize the beamforming. Moreover, based on the cognitive beamforming, we adjust the transmit power of the ST under the constraint of the average interference at PUs. To jointly solve the feedback bits allocation and the transmit power control problems, we formulate an optimization problem which requires a little iterations compared with the separated feedback bits allocation and the transmit power control problems. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the sum rate of SUs while satisfying the average interference constraint at PUs.
Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Based on Motion Mode Recognition Using a Smartphone
Authors: Wang Boyuan , Liu Xuelin , Yu Baoguo , Jia Ruicai , Gan Xingli
Published: June 2018

This paper presents a pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) approach based on motion mode recognition using a smartphone. The motion mode consists of pedestrian movement state and phone pose. With the support vector machine (SVM) and the decision tree (DT), the arbitrary combinations of movement state and phone pose can be recognized successfully. In the traditional principal component analysis based (PCA-based) method, the obtained horizontal accelerations in one stride time interval cannot be guaranteed to be horizontal and the pedestrian’s direction vector will be influenced. To solve this problem, we propose a PCA-based method with global accelerations (PCA-GA) to infer pedestrian’s headings. Besides, based on the further analysis of phone poses, an ambiguity elimination method is also developed to calibrate the obtained headings. The results indicate that the recognition accuracy of the combinations of movement states and phone poses can be 92.4%. The 50% and 75% absolute estimation errors of pedestrian’s headings are 5.6° and 9.2°, respectively. This novel PCA-GA based method can achieve higher accuracy than traditional PCA-based method and heading offset method. The localization error can reduce to around 3.5 m in a trajectory of 164 m for different movement states and phone poses.
Sensor Design Optimization for Ultrasonic Spectroscopy Cure Monitoring
Authors: Pommer Christian , Sinapius Michael
Published: June 2018

In the field of cure monitoring, resonant ultrasonic cure monitoring is a unique technique to measure the progression of cure of composites in fully or partially closed tools. It allows for the use of electronic hardware that is less sophisticated than traditional pulse-based ultrasonic systems to obtain accurate results. While this technique is not new, it has been used very rarely. One reason for this is the lack of optimized sensors. Commercially available sensors are optimized for pulse-based ultrasonic testing. This paper establishes a possible optimized sensor design for resonant ultrasound cure monitoring using a multi-parameter FE model.
Context Matters: Contrasting Ladybird Beetle Responses to Urban Environments across Two US Regions
Authors: Egerer Monika , Li Kevin , Ong Theresa Wei Ying
Published: June 2018

Urban agroecosystems offer an opportunity to investigate the diversity and distribution of organisms that are conserved in city landscapes. This information is not only important for conservation efforts, but also has important implications for sustainable agricultural practices. Associated biodiversity can provide ecosystem services like pollination and pest control, but because organisms may respond differently to the unique environmental filters of specific urban landscapes, it is valuable to compare regions that have different abiotic conditions and urbanization histories. In this study, we compared the abundance and diversity of ladybird beetles within urban gardens in California and Michigan, USA. We asked what species are shared, and what species are unique to urban regions. Moreover, we asked how beetle diversity is influenced by the amount and rate of urbanization surrounding sampled urban gardens. We found that the abundance and diversity of beetles, particularly of unique species, respond in opposite directions to urbanization: ladybirds increased with urbanization in California, but decreased with urbanization in Michigan. We propose that in California water availability in gardens and the urbanization history of the landscape could explain the divergent pattern. Thus, urban context is likely a key contributor to biodiversity within habitats and an important consideration for sustainable agricultural practices in urban agroecosystems.
Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and Investment Decision in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Sayema , Zulkifli Norhayah , Zainal Dalilawati
Published: June 2018

As a key facet of sustainable development, environmental, social and governance (ESG) discretion on stock market investment decision is gaining prevalence following the global financial crisis. ESG considers the sustainable return, risk reduction, and accountability aspects of investments. This study is an exploration of the individual stock market investors’ preferences for ESG issues and the influence that purpose of investment has on investment decision-making, by testing the investment horizon as a moderator. The theoretical background was taken from the theory of planned behavior (TPB), goal setting theory (GST), and the behavioral asset pricing model (BAPM). The study uses the sequential mix method of research, starting with an interview followed by a survey, which was conducted among individual stock market investors in Bangladesh, using simple random sampling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was carried out using Warp PLS version 6.0. The key findings of this study delineate the effect of ESG issues and the purpose of investment on investment decision-making. The contribution of the study signifies the moderating role of the investment horizon, which confirms the importance of the long-term horizon as a time and risk diversification factor. The sparse utilization of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) (2004) and Thomson Reuters Corporate Responsibility Index (TRCRI) (2013) as measurement scales in this study is mentioned. This study has made practical contributions for managers, investors, and regulators.
Dynamic Economic Analysis of Subsidies for New and Renewable Energy in South Korea
Authors: Choi Gobong , Heo Eunnyeong , Lee Chul-Yong
Published: June 2018

Many countries are increasing the supply of new and renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote energy security. Subsidies for new and renewable energy are considered a useful means to increase supply, although a close assessment is needed of whether the subsidies improve the economic feasibility of new and renewable energy. Thus, this study conducted an economic analysis on South Korea’s housing support program for new and renewable energy sources from the perspectives of the government and consumers. The results showed that, in 2014, the use of solar photovoltaics (PV) led to constant improvements in economic feasibility, which benefited both the government and consumers, but fuel cell failed to do so from both perspectives. Solar thermal and geothermal heat showed improved economic feasibility throughout the program for consumers. In particular, solar PV reported high economic feasibility in 2014 and 2015 for consumers, indicating that a significant subsidy amount was provided for solar PV facilities. This also confirmed the possibility of achieving economic feasibility for other energy sources within a limited budget by distributing subsidies across the various sources.
Smoking Gentlemen—How Formula One Has Controlled CO2 Emissions
Authors: Mourao Paulo Reis
Published: June 2018

This article reports estimates of the level of CO2 emissions created by Formula One (F1) cars on Sunday races. Supported by a variety of sources and using Monte Carlo iterations, we obtained values identifying important periods of change. These periods were identified using tests of structural breaks. We observe that the 1966–1970 period (related to the dominance of DFV/Cosworth engines) is associated with an increase in CO2 emissions, whereas the 1992–1995 period (related to lighter and more efficient engines) is associated with a decrease in estimated levels of emitted CO2. Our results do not identify the deep modifications following more “green” regulations in 2009–2011 as a relevant change.
Sustainable and Resilient Design of Interdependent Water and Energy Systems: A Conceptual Modeling Framework for Tackling Complexities at the Infrastructure-Human-Resource Nexus
Authors: Mo Weiwei , Lu Zhongming , Dilkina Bistra , Gardner Kevin H. , Huang Ju-Chin , Foreman Maria Christina
Published: June 2018

A modeling framework was conceptualized for capturing the complexities in resilience and sustainability associated with integration of centralized and decentralized water and energy systems under future demographic, climate, and technology scenarios. This framework integrates survey instruments for characterizing individual preferences (utility functions) related to decentralization of water and energy infrastructure systems. It also includes a spatial agent-based model to develop spatially explicit adoption trajectories and patterns in accordance with utility functions and characteristics of the major metropolitan case study locations as well as a system dynamics model that considers interactions among infrastructure systems, characterizes measures of resilience and sustainability, and feeds these back to the agent-based model. A cross-scale spatial optimization model for understanding and characterizing the possible best case outcomes and for informing the design of policies and incentive/disincentive programs is also included. This framework is able to provide a robust capacity for considering the ways in which future development of energy and water resources can be assessed.
Effective Biodiversity Conservation Requires Dynamic, Pluralistic, Partnership-Based Approaches
Authors: Gavin Michael C. , McCarter Joe , Berkes Fikret , Mead Aroha Te Pareake , Sterling Eleanor J. , Tang Ruifei , Turner Nancy J.
Published: June 2018

Biodiversity loss undermines the long-term maintenance of ecosystem functions and the well-being of human populations. Global-scale policy initiatives, including the Convention on Biological Diversity, have failed to curb the loss of biodiversity. This failure has led to contentious debates over alternative solutions that represent opposing visions of value-orientations and policy tools at the heart of conservation action. We review these debates and argue that they impede conservation progress by wasting time and resources, overlooking common goals, failing to recognize the need for diverse solutions, and ignoring the central question of who should be involved in the conservation process. Breaking with the polarizing debates, we argue that biocultural approaches to conservation can guide progress toward just and sustainable conservation solutions. We provide examples of the central principles of biocultural conservation, which emphasize the need for pluralistic, partnership-based, and dynamic approaches to conservation.
The Sharing of Benefits from a Logistics Alliance Based on a Hub-Spoke Network: A Cooperative Game Theoretic Approach
Authors: Yea Minyoung , Chung Seokhyun , Cheong Taesu , Kim Daeki
Published: June 2018

This study investigates a strategic alliance as a horizontal cooperation in the logistics and transportation industries by considering various sharing rules with a cooperative game approach. Through forging a strategic alliance, carriers gain extra benefits from resource sharing and high efficiency resource utilization. In particular, our research focuses on the cost savings from using larger vehicles utilizing collective market demand and regarding them as benefits of cooperation. The model conceptualizes the characteristic function of cost savings by coalitions that take into account the hub-spoke network which is common in transportation services. To share the improved profits fairly between members, we use different allocation schemes: the Shapley value, the core center, the τ -value, and the nucleolus. By analyzing those cooperative game theoretic solutions employing an alliance composed of three carriers, we investigate whether satisfaction in this specific coalition provides an incentive for carriers to join such a coalition. Our results from the analysis, with respect to fair allocation schemes, provide a practical and academic foundation for further research.
Contemporary Resource Policy and Decoupling Trends—Lessons Learnt from Integrated Model-Based Assessments
Authors: Meyer Mark , Hirschnitz-Garbers Martin , Distelkamp Martin
Published: June 2018

Addressing climate change and natural resource depletion has been key to the international and national sustainability agenda for almost 30 years. Despite existing efforts, global CO2 emissions and raw material use levels continue to grow. This seems to suggest the need for more systemic approaches in environmental policy. Our paper contributes modelling results to assess the potential of efficiency improvements to achieve absolute decoupling of global raw material use and environmental impacts from economic growth. We apply the global, dynamic MRIO model GINFORS to simulate potential effects of raw material efficiency improvements in production against a climate mitigation scenario baseline. Our simulation experiments indicate that (rather radical) progress in the raw material efficiency of production technologies in concert with extensive climate mitigation efforts could enable an absolute decoupling of resource use and CO2 emissions from GDP growth at a global level and for some countries. The absolute raw material extraction levels achieved, however, still exceed the material use reduction targets suggested by sustainability scientists. Our findings highlight that achieving such targets without addressing rebound effects is implausible. Hence, we call upon policy makers to integrate rebound mitigation strategies and move beyond exclusively improving efficiency to tackling structural and behavioural changes.
Developing a Green Building Index (GBI) Certification System to Effectively Reduce Carbon Emissions in South Korea’s Building Industry
Authors: Roh Seungjun , Tae Sungho , Kim Rakhyun
Published: June 2018

The building industry is currently strengthening the building life cycle assessment (LCA) criteria of the green building certification system to encourage carbon emission reduction. However, the voluntary approach of the LCA criteria does not provide sufficient incentive to effectively drive green building construction. Furthermore, additional costs associated with green building construction are not given enough weightage, thus hampering the incorporation of green building technologies. This study developed a Green Building Index (GBI) Certification System to effectively reduce carbon emissions in South Korea’s building industry. Consequently, the assessment areas for green buildings were divided into a carbon emission index, a building habitability index, and a carbon economic index, and assessment methods were suggested for each area. In addition, eco-efficiency, which represents an environmental value, was incorporated into the three indices from the perspective of green building certification and used to estimate a GBI that represents overall building sustainability. This GBI was then integrated into an overall GBI Certification System, and a case study was used to evaluate its applicability. The results indicate the validity of the proposed GBI Certification System, which promotes voluntary carbon emission reduction by evaluating cost effectiveness based on life cycle carbon emissions and carbon economic efficiency.
Effects of Forest Restoration on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Their Stoichiometry in Hunan, Southern China
Authors: Xu Chuanhong , Xiang Wenhua , Gou Mengmeng , Chen Liang , Lei Pifeng , Fang Xi , Deng Xiangwen , Ouyang Shuai
Published: June 2018

Forest restoration affects nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the dynamics of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorous (P), and their stoichiometry (C:N:P ratio) in the soil during forest restoration are poorly understood in subtropical areas. In the current study, we collected soil samples at three depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) at three restoration stages (early, intermediate, and late) in subtropical forests. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (N), and total phosphorous (P) concentrations were determined. Forest restoration significantly affected soil nutrient concentrations and stock (p < 0.05). SOC concentrations increased from 12.6 to 18.6 g/kg and N concentrations increased from 1.2 to 1.6 g/kg, while P decreased from 0.3 to 0.2 g/kg. A similar pattern of change was found for the nutrient stock as restoration proceeded. C:P and N:P ratios increased to a greater extent than that of C:N ratios during forest restoration, implying that subtropical forests might be characterized by P limitation over time. The slopes and intercepts for the linear regression relationships between SOC, N, and P concentrations were significantly different across the forest restoration stages (p < 0.05). This indicated that forest restoration significantly affects the coupled relationships among C-N, C-P, and N-P in subtropical forest soil. Our results add to the current body of knowledge about soil nutrient characteristics and have useful implications for sustainable forest management in subtropical areas.
Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues—An Untapped Biospecimen for Biomonitoring DNA Adducts by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yun Byeong , Guo Jingshu , Turesky Robert
Published: June 2018

The measurement of DNA adducts provides important information about human exposure to genotoxic chemicals and can be employed to elucidate mechanisms of DNA damage and repair. DNA adducts can serve as biomarkers for interspecies comparisons of the biologically effective dose of procarcinogens and permit extrapolation of genotoxicity data from animal studies for human risk assessment. One major challenge in DNA adduct biomarker research is the paucity of fresh frozen biopsy samples available for study. However, archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues with clinical diagnosis of disease are often available. We have established robust methods to recover DNA free of crosslinks from FFPE tissues under mild conditions which permit quantitative measurements of DNA adducts by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The technology is versatile and can be employed to screen for DNA adducts formed with a wide range of environmental and dietary carcinogens, some of which were retrieved from section-cuts of FFPE blocks stored at ambient temperature for up to nine years. The ability to retrospectively analyze FFPE tissues for DNA adducts for which there is clinical diagnosis of disease opens a previously untapped source of biospecimens for molecular epidemiology studies that seek to assess the causal role of environmental chemicals in cancer etiology.
The History of Bancroftian Lymphatic Filariasis in Australasia and Oceania: Is There a Threat of Re-Occurrence in Mainland Australia?
Authors: Gordon Catherine A. , Jones Malcolm K. , McManus Donald P.
Published: June 2018

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) infects an estimated 120 million people worldwide, with a further 856 million considered at risk of infection and requiring preventative chemotherapy. The majority of LF infections are caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, named in honour of the Australian physician Joseph Bancroft, with the remainder due to Brugia malayi and B. timori. Infection with LF through the bite of an infected mosquito, can lead to the development of the condition known as elephantiasis, where swelling due to oedema leads to loss of function in the affected area and thickening of the skin, ‘like an elephant’. LF has previously been endemic in Australia, although currently, no autochthonous cases occur there. Human immigration to Australia from LF-endemic countries, including those close to Australia, and the presence of susceptible mosquitoes that can act as suitable vectors, heighten the possibility of the reintroduction of LF into this country. In this review, we examine the history of LF in Australia and Oceania and weigh up the potential risk of its re-occurrence on mainland Australia.
Correction: Won-Kyung Cho; et al. Epimedium Koreanum Nakai Displays Broad Spectrum of Antiviral Activity In Vitro and In Vivo by Inducing Cellular Antiviral State. Viruses 2015, 7, 352–377
Authors: Cho Won-Kyung , Weeratunga Prasanna , Lee Byeong-Hoon , Park Jun-Seol , Kim Chul-Joong , Ma Jin , Lee Jong-Soo
Published: June 2018

The authors wish to make the following change to their paper [1].[...]
Hydrological Behavior of Peat- and Coir-Based Substrates and Their Effect on Begonia Growth
Authors: Londra Paraskevi , Paraskevopoulou Angeliki , Psychogiou Maria
Published: June 2018

The physical–hydraulic properties of eight substrate mixtures based on sphagnum peat and coir were determined and their effect on the growth of Begonia xelatior was studied. The particle size distribution, water retention curve, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and pore size distribution of the substrates were determined. All substrates exhibited high total porosity, satisfactory water retention capacity, and high saturated hydraulic conductivity. Increasing the percentage of perlite in the mixtures contributed to the reduction of water retention capacity and the increase of large pores. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by the Mualem–van Genuchten model showed a sharp decrease within a range of water pressure heads (0 to −50 cm) observed between two successive irrigations. To assess aeration and water retention capacity, total porosity; airspace; and easily, and nonavailable water, as well as the bulk density of the substrates, were determined and concomitantly compared with the “ideal substrates” determined by De Boodt and Verdonck. The comparative results showed that substrate porosity alone is not efficient to create ideal plant growth conditions, but dynamic parameters are also needed. Plants grown in a substrate classified as “nonideal” showed significantly greater growth than the plants grown in most of the other substrates studied.
An Integration Approach for Mapping Field Capacity of China Based on Multi-Source Soil Datasets
Authors: Wu Xiaotao , Lu Guihua , Wu Zhiyong , He Hai , Zhou Jianhong , Liu Zhenchen
Published: June 2018

Field capacity is one of the most important soil hydraulic properties in water cycle, agricultural irrigation, and drought monitoring. It is difficult to obtain the distribution of field capacity on a large scale using manual measurements that are both time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, the field capacity ensemble members were established using existing pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and multiple linear regression (MLR) based on three soil datasets and 2388 in situ field capacity measurements in China. After evaluating the accuracy of each ensemble member, an integration approach was proposed for estimating the field capacity distribution and development of a 250 m gridded field capacity dataset in China. The spatial correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the in situ field capacity and ensemble field capacity were 0.73 and 0.048 m3·m−3 in region scale, respectively. The ensemble field capacity shows great consistency with practical distribution of field capacity, and the deviation is revised when compared with field capacity datasets provided by previous researchers. It is a potential product for estimating field capacity in hydrological and agricultural practices on both large and fine scales, especially in ungauged regions.
Nanoscale electrochemical response of lithium-ion cathodes: a combined study using C-AFM and SIMS
Authors: Op de Beeck Jonathan , Labyedh Nouha , Sepúlveda Alfonso , Spampinato Valentina , Franquet Alexis , Conard Thierry , Vereecken Philippe M , Vandervorst Wilfried , Celano Umberto
Published: June 2018

The continuous demand for improved performance in energy storage is driving the evolution of Li-ion battery technology toward emerging battery architectures such as 3D all-solid-state microbatteries (ASB). Being based on solid-state ionic processes in thin films, these new energy storage devices require adequate materials analysis techniques to study ionic and electronic phenomena. This is key to facilitate their commercial introduction. For example, in the case of cathode materials, structural, electrical and chemical information must be probed at the nanoscale and in the same area, to identify the ionic processes occurring inside each individual layer and understand the impact on the entire battery cell. In this work, we pursue this objective by using two well established nanoscale analysis techniques namely conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). We present a platform to study Li-ion composites with nanometer resolution that allows one to sense a multitude of key characteristics including structural, electrical and chemical information. First, we demonstrate the capability of a biased AFM tip to perform field-induced ionic migration in thin (cathode) films and its diagnosis through the observation of the local resistance change. The latter is ascribed to the internal rearrangement of Li-ions under the effect of a strong and localized electric field. Second, the combination of C-AFM and SIMS is used to correlate electrical conductivity and local chemistry in different cathodes for application in ASB. Finally, a promising starting point towards quantitative electrochemical information starting from C-AFM is indicated.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN TAX REFORMATION, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC RECOVERY: THE CASE OF MALAYSIA
Authors: TAHA Roshaiza , ŠLIOGERIENĖ Jūratė , LOGANATHAN Nanthakumar , JOKŠIENĖ Izolda , SHAHBAZ Muhammad , MARDANI Abbas
Published: June 2018

The main purpose of this paper is to establish the plausibility and the dynamic nexus between financial developments, economic growth and tax revenue in Malaysia. The analysis of these relationships is vital considering the instability of the global economy which has affected growth. In this study, we employed annual time series data covering the period of 1970–2015. Using advanced co-integration and causality analysis, we found strong evidence on the relationship between each of the examined variables. The results from this study provide evidence on the taxes-growth nexus for Malaysia. An inverted U-shaped relationship is found between financial development and tax collection, while a U-shape reflects the economic condition. The nexus between economic growth and tax revenue enhances fiscal policies in the creation of transparent and mature financial systems which will further boost the collection of government revenues in Malaysia. The results of this study may provide an avenue for researchers and policymakers to understand the nature of the relationship between the examined variables and further assist in the formulation of new policies for economic sustainability.
The Solar Neighborhood XLIV: RECONS Discoveries within 10 parsecs
Authors: Henry Todd J. , Jao Wei-Chun , Winters Jennifer G. , Dieterich Sergio B. , Finch Charlie T. , Ianna Philip A. , Riedel Adric R. , Silverstein Michele L. , Subasavage John P. , Vrijmoet Eliot Halley
Published: June 2018

We describe the 44 systems discovered to be within 10 pc of the Sun by the RECONS team, primarily via the long-term astrometry program at the CTIO/SMARTS 0.9 m that began in 1999. The systems—including 41 with red dwarf primaries, 2 white dwarfs, and 1 brown dwarf—have trigonometric parallaxes greater than 100 mas, with errors of 0.4–2.4 mas in all but one case. We provide updated astrometric, photometric (VRIJHK magnitudes), spectral type, and multiplicity information here. Among these are 14 systems that are new entries to the 10 pc sample, including the first parallaxes for 9 systems and new values for 5 systems that had previous parallaxes with errors greater than 10 mas or values placing them beyond 10 pc. We also provide new data for 22 systems known to lie within 10 pc and 9 systems reported to be closer than that horizon but for which new parallaxes place them further away, bringing the total to 75 systems. The 44 systems added by RECONS comprise one of every 7 systems known within 10 pc. We illustrate the evolution of the 10 pc sample from the 191 systems known when the final Yale Parallax Catalog was published in 1995 to the 317 systems known today. Even so close to the Sun, additional discoveries of white, red, and brown dwarfs are possible, both as primaries and secondaries, although we estimate that at least 90% of the stellar systems closer than 10 pc have now been identified.
Spherical Radiative Transfer in C++ (SRTC++): A Parallel Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer Model for Titan
Authors: Barnes Jason W. , MacKenzie Shannon M. , Young Eliot F. , Trouille Laura E. , Rodriguez Sèbastien , Cornet Thomas , Jackson Brian K. , Ádámkovics Máté , Sotin Christophe , Soderblom Jason M.
Published: June 2018

We present a new computer program, SRTC++, to solve spatial problems associated with explorations of Saturn’s moon Titan. The program implements a three-dimensional structure well-suited to addressing shortcomings arising from plane-parallel radiative transfer approaches. SRTC++'s design uses parallel processing in an object-oriented, compiled computer language (C++) leading to a flexible and fast architecture. We validate SRTC++ using analytical results, semianalytical radiative transfer expressions, and an existing Titan plane-parallel model. SRTC++ complements existing approaches, addressing spatial problems like near-limb and near-terminator geometries, non-Lambertian surface phase functions (including specular reflections), and surface albedo nonuniformity.
The Red-giant Branch Bump Revisited: Constraints on Envelope Overshooting in a Wide Range of Masses and Metallicities
Authors: Khan Saniya , Hall Oliver J. , Miglio Andrea , Davies Guy R. , Mosser Benoît , Girardi Léo , Montalbán Josefina
Published: June 2018

The red-giant branch bump provides valuable information for the investigation of the internal structure of low-mass stars. Because current models are unable to accurately predict the occurrence and efficiency of mixing processes beyond convective boundaries, one can use the luminosity of the bump—a diagnostic of the maximum extension of the convective envelope during the first-dredge up—as a calibrator for such processes. By combining asteroseismic and spectroscopic constraints, we expand the analysis of the bump to masses and metallicities beyond those previously accessible using globular clusters. Our data set comprises nearly 3000 red-giant stars observed by Kepler and with APOGEE spectra. Using statistical mixture models, we are able to detect the bump in the average seismic parameters ν
max and

, and show that its observed position reveals general trends with mass and metallicity in line with expectations from models. Moreover, our analysis indicates that standard stellar models underestimate the depth of efficiently mixed envelopes. The inclusion of significant overshooting from the base of the convective envelope, with an efficiency that increases with decreasing metallicity, allows us to reproduce the observed location of the bump. Interestingly, this trend was also reported in previous studies of globular clusters.
A Holistic Perspective on the Dynamics of G035.39-00.33: The Interplay between Gas and Magnetic Fields
Authors: Liu Tie , Li Pak Shing , Juvela Mika , Kim Kee-Tae , Evans II Neal J. , Francesco James Di , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Yuan Jinghua , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Zhang Qizhou , Ward-Thompson Derek , Fuller Gary , Goldsmith Paul F. , Koch P. M. , Sanhueza Patricio , Ristorcelli I. , Kang Sung-ju , Chen Huei-Ru , Hirano N. , Wu Yuefang , Sokolov Vlas , Lee Chang Won , White Glenn J. , Wang Ke , Eden David , Li Di , Thompson Mark , Pattle Kate M , Soam Archana , Nasedkin Evert , Kim Jongsoo , Kim Gwanjeong , Lai Shih-Ping , Park Geumsook , Qiu Keping , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Alina Dana , Eswaraiah Chakali , Falgarone Edith , Fich Michel , Greaves Jane , Gu Q.-L. , Kwon Woojin , Li Hua-bai , Malinen Johanna , Montier Ludovic , Parsons Harriet , Qin Sheng-Li , Rawlings Mark G. , Ren Zhi-Yuan , Tang Mengyao , Tang Y.-W. , Toth L. V. , Wang Jiawei , Wouterloot Jan , Yi H.-W. , Zhang H.-W.
Published: June 2018

Magnetic field plays a crucial role in shaping molecular clouds and regulating star formation, yet the complete information on the magnetic field is not well constrained owing to the limitations in observations. We study the magnetic field in the massive infrared dark cloud G035.39-00.33 from dust continuum polarization observations at 850 μm with SCUBA-2/POL-2 at JCMT for the first time. The magnetic field tends to be perpendicular to the densest part of the main filament (F
M), whereas it has a less defined relative orientation in the rest of the structure, where it tends to be parallel to some diffuse regions. A mean plane-of-the-sky magnetic field strength of ∼50 μG for F
M is obtained using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method. Based on 13CO (1–0) line observations, we suggest a formation scenario of F
M due to large-scale (∼10 pc) cloud–cloud collision. Using additional NH3 line data, we estimate that F
M will be gravitationally unstable if it is only supported by thermal pressure and turbulence. The northern part of F
M, however, can be stabilized by a modest additional support from the local magnetic field. The middle and southern parts of F
M are likely unstable even if the magnetic field support is taken into account. We claim that the clumps in F
M may be supported by turbulence and magnetic fields against gravitational collapse. Finally, we identified for the first time a massive (∼200 M
⊙), collapsing starless clump candidate, “c8,” in G035.39-00.33. The magnetic field surrounding “c8” is likely pinched, hinting at an accretion flow along the filament.
Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)
Authors: Goulding Tricia C. , Khalil Munawar , Tan Shau Hwai , Dayrat Benoît
Published: June 2018

A new genus of onchidiid slugs,WallaconchisGoulding & Dayrat,gen. n., is described, including ten species. Five species were previously described but known only from the type material:Wallaconchisater(Lesson, 1830),W.graniferum(Semper, 1880),W.nangkauriense(Plate, 1893),W.buetschlii(Stantschinsky, 1907), andW.gracile(Stantschinsky, 1907), all of which were originally classified inOnchidiumBuchannan, 1800. Many new records are provided for these five species, which greatly expand their known geographic distributions. Five species are new:WallaconchisachleitneriGoulding,sp. n.,W.comendadoriGoulding & Dayrat,sp. n.,W.melanesiensisGoulding & Dayrat,sp. n.,W.sinanuiGoulding & Dayrat,sp. n., andW.uncinusGoulding & Dayrat,sp. n.Nine of the tenWallaconchisspecies are found in the Coral Triangle (eastern Indonesia and the Philippines). Sympatry is high, with up to six species found on the island of Bohol (Philippines) and eight species overlapping in northern Sulawesi (Indonesia).Wallaconchisis distinguished from other onchidiids by its bright dorsal colors (red, yellow, orange) but those are extremely variable and not useful for specific identification. Internally, the reproductive system can be used to identify allWallaconchisspecies. The copulatory organs ofWallaconchisspecies are especially diverse compared to other onchidiid genera, and the possible role of reproductive incompatibility in species diversification is discussed. All specimens examined were freshly collected for the purpose of a worldwide revision of the Onchidiidae Rafinesque, 1815. The species are well delineated using DNA sequences and comparative anatomy. Mitochondrial DNA analysis yields thirteen molecular units separated by a large barcode gap, while nuclear DNA yields nine units. By integrating nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA with morphology, ten species are recognized. The natural history of each species (e.g., the microhabitat where they are found) is also documented. Nomenclature is addressed thoroughly (the types of all onchidiid species were examined, lectotypes were designated when needed,nomina dubiaare discussed). Morphological characters, transitions to new microhabitats, and diversification processes are discussed in the context of a robust molecular phylogeny.
Policy to Foster Civility and Support a Healthy Academic Work Environment
Authors: Clark Cynthia M. , Ritter Katy
Published: June 2018

Background:

Incivility in academic workplaces can have detrimental effects on individuals, teams, departments, and the campus community at large. Alternately, healthy academic workplaces generate heightened levels of employee satisfaction, engagement, and morale.

Method:

This article describes the development and implementation of a comprehensive, legally defensible policy related to workplace civility and the establishment of a healthy academic work environment.

Results:

A detailed policy exemplar is included to provide a structure for fostering a healthy academic work environment, a fair, consistent, confidential procedure for defining and addressing workplace incivility, a mechanism for reporting and subsequent investigation of uncivil acts if indicated, and ways to foster civility and respectful workplace behavior.

Conclusion:

The authors detail a step-by-step procedure and an incremental approach to address workplace incivility and reward policy adherence. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(6):325–331.]
Relationship Between Marginality and Minority Status in Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Englund Heather
Published: June 2018

Background:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marginality and minority status in undergraduate nursing students enrolled in one of the four universities in Wisconsin that offer a baccalaureate nursing program.

Method:

A nonexperimental, descriptive correlational design was used for data collection. Participants (
N
= 331) completed a demographic survey, and marginality was measured using the Koci Marginality Index-70. The demographic variables of race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, and age were investigated in relation to marginality.

Results:

A statistically significant difference was found in mean scores for minority (
M
= 177.5,
SD
= 29.3) versus nonminority undergraduate nursing students (
M
= 166.4,
SD
= 18.1);
t
(329) = 4.3,
p
⩽ .001.

Conclusion:

The findings from this research study suggest that marginalization remains a significant issue for minority undergraduate nursing students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(6):339–346.]
Simulation Learning and Transfer in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Miles David A.
Published: June 2018

Background:

Experiential learning through simulation allows students to improve their cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills. Yet, the process of how simulation learning transfers to clinical learning remains unanswered.

Method:

The classical grounded theory method was used to conceptualize the process by which simulation learning transfers to the clinical environment.

Results:

A model emerged that explained the simulation learning transfer process. The core category was Acting Like a Nurse and the model had 10 categories. The beginning stages of the model included the categories: Being in Simulation and Being in Clinical. The middle stages of the model reflected interaction between the student and the simulation experience, and included the categories Being Able to Practice, Getting Feedback, Making Sense of My Learning, Fitting Together, and Applying My Learning. The final stages of the model were Gaining Confidence and Becoming More Comfortable, with the outcome category Knowing What to Do.

Conclusion:

Simulation learning enhanced transfer of learning, specifically allowing students to take on the role behaviors of what will be expected of them as a practicing nurse. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(6):347–353.]
From Military to Academic Nursing: Embracing an Untapped Leadership Resource
Authors: Chargualaf Katie A. , Elliott Brenda , Patterson Barbara
Published: June 2018

Background:

Strong leaders are essential for nursing program success, yet few faculty are interested or qualified to assume leadership positions within academia. This generates concern over lingering shortages and lack of succession planning.

Method:

A qualitative, descriptive study examined the transition experience of military nurses who became nurse educators. Emerging from an analysis of interviews with 13 Veteran nurses, the subtheme of “using my leadership toolbox” is explored within the context of leadership development.

Results:

Grounded in their military leadership development, the participants modeled essential leader qualities. They demonstrated confidence, vision, humility, a strong work ethic, clear communication, and a willingness to assume risk.

Conclusion:

Veteran nurses may be a viable solution to bring leadership knowledge, behaviors, and experience to the faculty role. Current academic leaders should facilitate the translation of these leadership attributes to address ongoing challenges facing nursing education. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(6):355–358.]