bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deconstructing Mixed Constitutions
Authors: Shinar Adam
Published: July 2022

A central task of comparative constitutional law scholarship is categorization and classification of constitutions. Recent scholarship, no doubt informed by the populist tide, has sought to develop the concept of a mixed constitution. Broadly speaking, a mixed constitution is a constitution that integrates liberal and illiberal elements, elements that are usually separate and not found under the same constitution. The study of “mixed constitutions” encompasses both descriptive and normative aspects. First, an attempt to ascertain what, exactly, makes a constitution “mixed.” Second, an attempt to analyze either the desirability of such a system or an attempt to figure out how to harness mixed constitutions in the service of particular normative goals, for example the protection of human rights. This article has two goals. First, an inquiry into the descriptive aspect of mixed constitutions. My aim is to show that given the seeming consensus of what constitutes a mixed constitution, the category itself might encompass many more constitutions than is often acknowledged, to the point that many constitutions are likely to be mixed to a certain extent. My second goal is to demonstrate that given this definitional consensus, what makes a constitution mixed is not necessarily because the constitution itself is mixed, but because sub-constitutional norms shape our constitutional understanding. Put differently, the meaning of a constitution is not determined exclusively through an analysis of the constitution, but also by shifts in sub-constitutional understandings. If this is correct, then it turns out that the universe of mixed constitutions is much larger than thought, which casts doubt on the utility of the category of mixed constitutions.
A note on bat faunal assessment in Karuna bat cave, Baglung, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Prabhat Kiran , Sharma Basant , Ghimire Sandip , Sharma Suraj , Bhattarai Bishal
Published: July 2022

In 2019, we surveyed the Karuna bat cave during spring and autumn seasons and recorded two species of fruit bats; Rousettus leschenaultii and Eonycteris spelaea, and two species of insectivorous bats; Hipposideros armiger and Rhinolophus macrotis. Although there was no variation in colony size of insectivorous bats, the fruit bat population (around 38,000 individuals) was only recorded in autumn which indicated seasonal migration. Occasional killing of bats, unsustainable guano extraction, and tourism development threaten this major cave for bats in Nepal. The study recommends prioritizing scientific research and bat friendly cave conservation actions.
Variations on Violence in Greek and Akkadian Succession Myths
Authors: Myerston Jacobo
Published: July 2022

In this article I explore a selection of texts from Greece and Mesopotamia that either recount or comment on the succession myth. I argue that representations of violence in those texts differ considerably within the same culture and time period. I explain these variations as social deixis, positing that ancient authors and interpreters of the succession myth used different representations of violence to present themselves as innovative figures. I argue that both mythmakers and myth-interpreters increased and decreased the intensity and number of violent features to mark a position in the competitive field of cosmological knowledge. Through the comparison of the sources, I show that there was as much competition and innovation in Greece as in Mesopotamia within the field of cosmology. The similarity of social contexts and practices may explain the cross-cultural transfer of knowledge between specialists of these two regions.
“Organised Clairvoyance”: Supranational Surveillance and Controlled Borderlessness in H. G. Wells’sA Modern Utopia
Authors: Foster Jonathan
Published: July 2022

InA Modern Utopia(1905), H. G. Wells prophesised that emergent technologies of personal identification such as fingerprinting and central registries would enable the dismantling of national borders. Situating Wells’s novel as a literary expression of a period of experimentation in European mobility control at the turn of the twentieth century, this essay argues that Wells’s ideas about controlled borderlessness were indeed highly prescient, anticipating the recent rise of supranational mobility controlà lathe EU’s Schengen cooperation. If Wells’s theorisation of mobility control was ahead of its time, then so was his suspenseful narrative about undocumented aliens in utopia fearfully navigating a supranational surveillance state. In this essay I emphasise the correspondences between Wells’s delineation of controlled borderlessness and modern-day supranational mobility control, whilst also highlighting discrepancies and discordant notes in Wells’s bureaucratic-technocratic utopian vision.
Genesis 1 in the

Book of Jubilees
Authors: VanderKam James
Published: July 2022

The author of the Book of Jubilees rewrote the creation stories in Gen 1–2 and fashioned them in such a way as to stress several points: the importance of the Sabbath day, the idea that God alone, without assistance, created everything, and his conviction that God and Israel, who with the elite angels are the only ones who celebrate the Sabbath, are joined in a unique relationship of which the Sabbath is a sign.
The Unknown Gnostic Text of Deir el-Balaizah
Authors: Markschies Christoph
Published: July 2022

The paper deals with a little-known Gnostic text from Deir el-Balaizah. After discussing its localization and dating, the paper addresses why the text was previously largely unknown and also to what extent it can be related to (other) Gnostic texts.
Eusebius on “Double Creation” (Praeparatio evangelica 11,23–25)
Authors: Morlet Sébastien
Published: July 2022

The paper analyses the most significant exegesis of the Creation narrative in Eusebius’s work. This exegesis reveals Eusebius’s deep and hidden dependence towards Origen – especially his idea of a “double Creation” (intelligible and sensible Creation). The question remains which works of Origen were used by Eusebius and why Origen is not openly mentioned.
The Influence of Plotinus on Basil of Caesarea’s Homiliae in hexaemeron
Authors: DeMarco David C.
Published: July 2022

This article argues for Plotinian influence on Basil’s Homiliae in hexaemeron. It is composed of two major sections. The first section discusses three major flaws in John Rist’s “Basil’s ‘Neoplatonism’: Its Background and Nature,” namely: 1) the problems with Rist’s focus on the peculiar features of Plotinus, 2) Rist’s overestimation of the effect of Nicaea on the reception of Platonic ideas by Christians, 3) the lack of evidence regarding both Basil’s time in Athens and the assumption that post-Plotinian Platonism is too pagan to be of interest to Basil. The second section examines three passages from Basil’s Homiliae in hexaemeron, namely, 1,7, 2,2, and 2,7. The first passage exhibits clear indirect, though not direct, or exclusively Plotinian influence. The second example reveals a shared idea that most likely derives from Plotinus due to other contextual aspects. The final passage shows a close relation between Basil and Plotinus, in which the differences are better explained by the different goals of the authors rather than by the lack of contact and dependence on common material.
Creation of the Universe and Creation of Man in Cyril of Alexandria’s Early Works on the Pentateuch
Authors: Villani Barbara
Published: July 2022

After some preliminary remarks on Cyril’s two works on the Pentateuch, De adoratione and Glaphyra, as well as the σκοπός of the biblical text, this contribution deals with Cyril’s reading of the biblical account of the creation of the universe and creation of man. In contrast to other interpreters, e. g., the Cappadocian fathers, the Alexandrian patriarch does not show interest in a detailed explanation of cosmogony based on natural philosophy. He rather emphasizes the limits of the human mind in understanding the details of the act of God’s creation of the world. According to Cyril’s understanding of the goal of Moses’ writings, his exegesis of Genesis focuses especially on the creation of man. Convinced that Moses wrote his books as moral instruction to lead men to God, Cyril interprets selected parts of Genesis in a typological way in order to show man’s journey from the fall into sin to the restoration of a holy life.
IL‐21 has a critical role in establishing germinal centers by amplifying early B cell proliferation
Authors: Dvorscek Alexandra R , McKenzie Craig I , Robinson Marcus J , Ding Zhoujie , Pitt Catherine , O'Donnell Kristy , Zotos Dimitra , Brink Robert , Tarlinton David M , Quast Isaak
Published: July 2022

The proliferation and differentiation of antigen‐specific B cells, including the generation of germinal centers (GC), are prerequisites for long‐lasting, antibody‐mediated immune protection. Affinity for antigen determines B cell recruitment, proliferation, differentiation, and competitiveness in the response, largely through determining access to T cell help. However, how T cell‐derived signals contribute to these outcomes is incompletely understood. Here, we report how the signature cytokine of follicular helper T cells, IL‐21, acts as a key regulator of the initial B cell response by accelerating cell cycle progression and the rate of cycle entry, increasing their contribution to the ensuing GC. This effect occurs over a wide range of initial B cell receptor affinities and correlates with elevated AKT and S6 phosphorylation. Moreover, the resultant increased proliferation can explain the IL‐21‐mediated promotion of plasma cell differentiation. Collectively, our data establish that IL‐21 acts from the outset of a T cell‐dependent immune response to increase cell cycle progression and fuel cyclic re‐entry of B cells, thereby regulating the initial GC size and early plasma cell output.
Power‐law multi‐wave model for COVID‐19 propagation in countries with nonuniform population density
Authors: Grinchuk Pavel , Fisenko Sergey
Published: July 2022

Background

The purpose of our study is to develop a quite precise mathematical model which describes epidemics spread in a country with non‐uniform population density. This model gives explanation of quite long duration of the peak of a respiratory infection such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).

Methods

The theory of kinetic equations and fractal analysis are used in our mathematical model. According to our model, COVID‐19 spreading takes the form of several spatio‐temporal waves developing almost independently and simultaneously in areas with different population density. The intensity of each wave is described by a power‐law dependence. The parameters of the dependence are determined by real statistical data at the initial stage of the disease spread.

Results

The results of the model simulation were verified using statistical data for the Republic of Belarus. Based on the developed model, a forecast calculation was made at the end of May, 2020. It was shown that the epidemiological situation in the Republic of Belarus is well described by three waves, which spread respectively in large cities with the highest population density (the first wave), in medium‐sized cities with a population of 50−200 thousands people (the second wave), in small towns and rural areas (the third wave). It was shown that a new wave inside a subpopulation with a lower density was born 20−25 days after the appearance of the previous wave. Comparison with actual data several months later showed that the accuracy of forecasting the total number of cases for a period of 3 months for total population in the proposed approach was approximately 3%.

Conclusions

The high accuracy mathematical model is proposed. It describes the development of a respiratory epidemic in a country non‐uniform population density without quarantine. The model is useful for predicting the development of possible epidemics in the future. An accurate forecast allows to correctly allocating available resources to effectively withstand the epidemic.
THE СONCEPT OF A HOUSE IN KARELIAN WEDDING LYRICS
Authors: Mironova Valentina , Ivanova Lyudmila
Published: July 2022

The study is devoted to the description of the house as one of the basic concepts of folk culture and folk mentality. It includes ideas not only about housing, but also about a person’s life and death, about family and intergenerational connections, about a person's attitude to society and to himself. In this article, the concept of the house is examined from the point of view of linguo-folkloristics, which allows to identify the features of its representation not only as a material asset, but also as a spiritual basis of peasant life. In addition, the image of a house revealed in the entire complex of Karelian wedding lyrics dedicated to the rite of “transition” is examined. The analyzed texts describe the dwelling from the positions of both the bride and the groom. The work uses lexical material from a number of dictionaries (dialect, etymological, phraseological), as well as published and archival recordings of folklore texts made mainly in the first half of the XX century in Karelia. The focus is on a wide range of vocabulary included in the semantic field of the concept of “house”, texts of Karelian lamentations, wedding runes and eigs, examples from the paremia. The involvement of various linguistic and folklore sources, as well as an integrated approach to the analysis of the identified material, allows us to recognize a wide range of lexemes and stable poetic formulas and structures that denote home and are included in the “friend-foe” opposition.
Taxonomic Diversity of the Genus Tor (Cyprinidae) from Aceh Waters in Indonesia Based on Cytochrome Oxidase Sub-Unit I (COI) Gene
Authors: Muchlisin Z. A. , Fadli N. , Batubara A. S. , Nur F. M. , Irham M. , Muhammadar A. A. , Efizon D. , Elvyra Roza , Siti-Azizah M. N.
Published: July 2022

The mahseer or keureling, members of the genus Tor J.E.Gray, 1833 are the commercial freshwater fish. It has potency to be cultivated commercially. Presently, no studies have been conducted on the molecular taxonomy of these fish. Hence, the objectives of the present study were to complement this morphological identification using the DNA barcoding gene, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Samples were obtained from seven areas of Aceh Province, namely; Aceh Besar, Aceh Barat, Nagan Raya, Aceh Selatan, Aceh Tenggara, Gayo Lues and Pidie Districts. A total of 140 fish samples have been collected during the sampling, of these 37 samples have been successfully sequenced. Based on the results of the sequencing data and blasting to NCBI data, only two species of Tor occur in Aceh waters: T. tambra (Valenciennes, 1842) and T. tambroides (Bleeker, 1854); while T. soro (Valenciennes, 1842) and T. douronensis (Valenciennes, 1842) were not validated.
Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Test for Bilirubin in Malawi
Authors: Shapiro Alyssa , Anderson Jessica , Mtenthaonga Prince , Kumwenda Watson , Bond Meaghan , Schwarz Richard , Carns Jennifer , Johnston Ryan , Dube Queen , Chiume Msandeni , Richards-Kortum Rebecca
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES

BiliSpec is a low-cost spectrophotometric reader and disposable paper-based strip to quantify total serum bilirubin from several blood drops. This study was a prospective evaluation of BiliSpec in 2 neonatal wards in Malawi compared with a reference standard bilirubinometer over a large range of bilirubin and hematocrit levels.

METHODS

The accuracy of BiliSpec and a transcutaneous bilirubinometer were compared with the reference standard of spectrophotometry for 475 blood samples collected from 375 subjects across a range of total serum bilirubin concentrations from 0.0 to 33.7 mg/dL. The development of error grids to assess the clinical effects of measurement differences is reported.

RESULTS

BiliSpec was found to have a mean bias of −0.48 mg/dL and 95% limits of agreement of −5.09 mg/dL to +4.12 mg/dL. Results show 90.7% of BiliSpec measurements would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard, whereas 55.0% of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard.

CONCLUSIONS

This evaluation supports use of BiliSpec to provide accurate, low-cost, point-of-care bilirubin measurements in low-resource hospitals. Future work is needed to evaluate BiliSpec among a larger number of users.
Economic Problems of Russia on the Eve of the Events of February 1917 on the Pages of the Newspaper “Rech”
Authors: Kravtsova Elena S.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The history of periodicals in Russia has a rather long period – from the beginning of the 18th century. This story had its good and bad periods, but the demand for newspapers and magazines has always been high. Through publications in the press, one can trace the issues and problems that were discussed in society in society on a particular day and year. It is not without reason that the famous philosopher A. Schopenhauer noted: “Newspapers are the second hands of history”. 1917 is the cornerstone of the history of the Russian state, which divided it into “before” and “after”. Among the reasons that led to the February Revolution of 1917 are the economic problems that existed in the state before entering the First World War and aggravated and supplemented after August 1914: an archaic tax system, monopolization of the economy, a reduction in the number of workers in the countryside and the city, shortage of goods. These issues could not be covered in the periodical press. The materials on the situation in the economic sphere published in the liberal newspaper “Rech” arose the interest. Besides the newspaper was a kind of mouthpiece for the Cadet Party. The purpose of the article is to analyze the published material on the problems of the Russian economy on the eve of the February Revolution in order to clarify the understanding of the situation in the country by the Cadets.

Materials and Methods. Certain goals were solved using general scientific, idiographic (description of the history of the issue), problem-analytical (consideration of the situation in Russia on the eve of February 1917 through the problems of the economy), synchronous (allowing to establish links between various phenomena in the economic sphere).

Results. The economic issues discussed in the daily printed publication were varied: from possible personnel changes and military loans to reforms of taxation and the economic situation in the country.

Discussion and Conclusion. Considering the various problems of the country, including economic ones, the staff of the liberal newspaper “Rech” did not see signs of cardinal changes in the country and the impending revolution. These events were not reflected in the materials of the newspaper.
Developing a procedure for controlling the rheological properties of dough during its kneading based on a parametric model
Authors: Mailybayeva Elvira , Imanbayev Alimzhan , Yessirkep Gulmira , Mussayeva Saltanat , Shingissov Azret
Published: July 2022

This work is aimed at developing a procedure for controlling the rheological properties of wheat dough during its kneading based on a parametric model. Dough kneading is the most important technological operation in the production of bakery products. When organoleptically assessing the consistency of the dough, it is difficult to accurately determine its rheological properties while maintaining the mass of water and its intensity at a constant level of the mass of the kneaded dough, considering the processed flour. However, our proposed procedure can solve these problems. According to the results obtained, it was experimentally found that the nature of changes in the specific intensity of dough kneading, which contributed to obtaining the best quality bread at a kneading body rotational speed of 150 rpm, is optimal. The dough kneading intensity leads to a reduction in the kneading time from 290 s at nm=60 rpm to 90 s at nm=240 rpm. The optimal duration of dough kneading  was 124 s.
The results make it possible to determine the water absorption capacity of flour in the production of bakery products, considering its baking properties and dough recipe, and, accordingly, the optimal moisture content of the dough
Determining the role of individual and combined chemical elements in the pitting corrosion process of austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni steels
Authors: Snіzhnoі Valentin , Snizhnoi Gennadii , Stepanenko Sergiy
Published: July 2022

This paper reports a study into the role of individual (S, P, N, C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr) and combined (Q1=S, Q2=S+P, Q3=S+P+N, Q4=S+P+N+C, Q5=S+P+N+C+Si, Q6=S+P+N+C+Si+Mn, Q7=S+P+N+C+Si+Mn+Ni, Q8=Q=S+P+N+C+Si+ Mn+Ni+Cr) elements in five steel AISI 304 smelting cycles. The correlation between the rate of corrosion K in chloride-containing media and the specific magnetic susceptibility c0 of austenite (matrix), the low content Рdof d-ferrite, and the percentage of elements has been established. Taking into consideration the order of arrangement and influence of other present components, a set of the different-shaped graphic models of K dependences on c0, Рd, and percentage of elements was found. However, the sum of the eight calculated individual and combined elements (Q8) of the models coincides with the sum of the same elements (Q=Q8) of steel smelting samples that were subjected to experimental measurements of c0 and Рd. The curves of the reported models were compared with experimental dependences of K on c0, Рd. The positive and negative role of individual and combined elements in the process of pitting resistance of steel smelting cycles has been identified. Given this, it is assumed that the effect exerted on K by individual and combined elements in the intervals before and after their critical content may be ambiguous. Hence, one value K can correspond to several values of the contents of elements, c0, Рd. A proof of that is the coincidence between the calculated models K of corrosion on the same total content of Q8 for steel samples determined experimentally. The positive (negative) and ambiguous role of elements in the process of corrosion and the possibility of predicting corrosion tolerance of austenitic steels are assumed. The experimental dependence K on c0 and Рd has been established; the greater c0 and Рd, the lower the corrosion rate K. The studied steels contained d-ferrite in the low limits of 0.01...0.1 %.
Using derivative products from processing wild berries to enrich pressed sugar
Authors: Samilyk Maryna , Korniienko Daria , Bolgova Natalia , Sokolenko Viktoriia , Boqomol Nadija
Published: July 2022

This paper reports a study addressing the issue of enriching pressed sugar in order to improve its biological value. As additives to sugar, the use of derivative products of processing wild berries Hippophaerhamnoides L., Viburnumopulus, Sambucusnigra, Sorbusaucuparia is suggested. The technology of processing wild berries includes their preliminary freezing, partial dehydration by osmotic dehydration, and subsequent drying. The resulting osmotic solution is proposed to be used to moisten sugar before its pressing and drying. An important practical aspect of this technological advancement is the possibility to move away from seasonality at sugar factories. Since it is advisable to process wild berries at the end of the beet processing season. To implement the proposed technology, one can use some available equipment. The chromatographic method was applied to analyze the amino acid spectrum of derivative products from processing wild berries; 17 amino acids were identified in their composition, including essential ones. The highest concentration of amino acids (55.47 mg/100 g) was found in the derivative product of Sambucusnigra processing. The least amount of amino acids passes into the product of processing Viburnumopulus (3.63 mg/100 g). The experiment showed that adding to sugar 10 % of the derivatives of the processed wild berries Hippophaerhamnoides L., Viburnumopulus, Sambucusnigra, Sorbusaucuparia has a positive effect on the organoleptic indicators of the finished product. The highest rating for all organoleptic indicators (appearance, taste and smell, purity of the solution) was given to sugar enriched with a derivative of the Hippophaerhamnoides processing product. It contained only 16 amino acids in the amount of 16.14 mg/100 g. Of the found amino acids, the highest concentration was demonstrated by serine (7.43 mg/100 g). The sugar with the addition of the solution after partial dehydration of Viburnumopulus revealed a slight characteristic smell of the additive. In the sugar with the addition of the derivative product of processing Sorbusaucuparia, a pleasant bitterness was felt, indicating the transition of sorbic acid from the fruit to osmotic solution
Designing an automated control system for changing NPU energy release compensating for arising internal disturbing factors based on their approximation model
Authors: Brunetkin Olexander , Beglov Konstantin , Maksymov Maksym , Baskakov Volodymyr , Vataman Viktoriia , Kryvda Viktoriia
Published: July 2022

The necessity of keeping in working condition the sources of traditional electricity generation for dispatching the supply of electricity from the capacities of "green" electricity generation has been realized. Potentially, one of these sources may be nuclear power plants. An obstacle to their use as a participant in dispatching is the impossibility of maneuvering with power in a wide range. One of the reasons for limiting the range is the complexity of automatic compensation for the reactivity of the xenon oscillation reactor.
Existing physical and mathematical models for calculating the parameters of processes in the reactor due to changes in its power because of its complexity cannot be used in operational automatic control systems. The task of constructing an approximation linear model of processes in the reactor in the form of a transfer function is set.
To build an approximation model, the inverse problem is solved. The desired model is based on the condition of coincidence at some time interval of the results of solving it with the results of a detailed physical-mathematical model. To this end, a number of sequential actions are performed, including approximation of the results of the expanded physical-mathematical model using a series, the application of the Laplace transformation to this series, as well as Pade approximation obtained in the space of the images of the series.
The method of control was proposed and an automatic control system (ACS) for energy production of nuclear power plant has been synthesized. To this end, the management system was integrated with the approximation model of the active zone, which provided the possibility for adjusting the quantitative degree of stability of the active zone.
ACS consists of three control circuits. Such a structure has made it possible to compensate for the xenon oscillations that occur.
Additionally, ACS reduces the movement of adjusting rods in the active zone, which reduces local power surges in nuclear fuel and leads to an increase in its durability
Development of technology for the production of Turkish delight from melon crops on a natural base
Authors: Petrenko Yelena , Tlevlessova Dinara , Syzdykova Laila , Kuzembayeva Gaukhar , Abdiyeva Karlygash
Published: July 2022

The reason for the current work is the lack of technology to produce food from the fruits of melon crops, namely oriental sweets like soft sweets, based on processed overripe fruits of melon crops of domestic growth.
The rationale for the need for this research work was the demand for the creation of technology for the manufacture of food, a high percentage of unsold substandard melons and watermelons. As well as the lack of the possibility of processing melon crops near the areas of cultivation and manufacturing sweet products at small and medium-sized enterprises. The development of technology to produce sweet meals will have a positive impact on the expansion of the scope of use of the fruits of melon crops.
The absence of an established mechanism for processing and marketing overripe fruits brings great losses. In this regard, the issue of finding solutions to new ways of selling melon crops is relevant.
The study revealed the possibility of producing Turkish delight from the fruits of watermelon and melon. At the same time, Turkish delight from the pulp of watermelon was more stable than that from melon. The developed oriental sweet product based on the pulp of watermelon outperforms the control sample in all the studied indicators. The mass fraction of fat in the developed product is 0.26 %, which is 0.13 % more than that in raw materials. The mass fraction of protein increased by 0.53 %. In Turkish delight based on watermelon, the carbohydrate content increased by 3.7 times, by 15.1 %. The content of ascorbic acid in watermelon Turkish delight is slightly less, by 7.22 mg/100 g, than that in melon. The developed Turkish delight was stored both under room and refrigeration conditions, the shelf life was 5 days and 21 days, respectively
Implementation of reengineering technology to reduce the terms of the technical preparation of manufacturing of aviation technology assemblies
Authors: Sikulskiy Valeriy , Maiorova Kateryna , Vorobiov Iurii , Boiko Maksym , Komisarov Oleh
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the technical preparation of manufacturing (TPM) of aviation technology (AT) using reengineering technology. The task to reduce the terms of TPM AT was tackled while solving direct and inverse problems of shape formation involving reengineering. The study is based on the equation for calculating the labor intensity of creating an assembly unit (AU) as a mathematical model for the formation and accumulation of components of the total labor intensity at all stages. The following results are reported: a scheme has been proposed for linking homogeneous components of an article obtained using the loft-template method (LTM) with digital mock-up (DMU) when applying the reengineering method. The scheme summarizes and structures the reengineering technology to solve direct and inverse shape-formation problems and could be used to solve the tasks of prototyping, manufacturing, and refurbishment of tooling, as well as article control at all stages of production. An example of the helicopter stabilizer shows that when solving the direct shape-formation problem, the labor intensity is from 294.94 to 315.06 man-hours, and when solving the inverse problem ‒ from 194.78 to 213.22 man-hours. A comparative analysis of the labor intensity of TPM revealed a difference of 1.5 times in favor of the labor intensity of solving the inverse problem. Comparing the labor intensity of creating DMU for the stabilizer of a helicopter has made it possible to establish that the labor intensity of solving the inverse problem is 3.7 times less than the labor intensity of solving a direct problem. Recommendations for reducing the terms of TPM AT with the use of reengineering are given. The results could be used to assess the labor intensity and timing of TPM AT and mechanical engineering objects in general when using reengineering technology
Planning optimal operating modes of underground gas storage facilities as part of the gas transmission system
Authors: Prytula Myroslav , Prytula Nazar , Pyanylo Yaroslav , Prytula Zoia , Khymko Olga
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is underground gas storage facilities (UGSF) as part of the gas transmission system (GTS), in the process of joint operation of which a significant synergistic effect is achieved. The problem under consideration is to ensure the joint effective operation of the integrated UGSF and GTS complex as a single thermal-hydraulic one.
A method of daily calculation of the maximum productivity of underground gas storage facilities has been devised. The optimization potential of UGSF operating modes has been studied. It is shown to range within 11‒20 %. The problems of planning the operation of UGSF have been stated and solved both under gas pumping modes and gas withdrawal modes. An algorithm for planning gas withdrawal modes at intervals of peak-free UGSF operation been developed. The achieved computational complexity of problem-solving algorithms is in the range of 2‒10 seconds. The problem of combining simultaneous operation of UGSF under an optimal mode for fuel gas and ensuring the necessary peak operation of UGSF at projected time intervals has also been considered. The joint UGSF performance was calculated at the projected time intervals according to the established criteria. At the same time, thermal-hydraulic coordination of UGSF operating modes with the operation of the GTS main gas pipeline system with which they are integrated was ensured.
The problem was solved as a result of the implementation of a universal approach to the construction of functional models of complex systems – a single information support, the representation of the structure of the system in terms of graphs, the statement of proper mathematical problems, the development of methods for guaranteed convergence of systems with different mathematical representations of equations, the development of computational algorithms for combinatorial optimization of minimum complexity processes with discrete and irregular influences on  their behavior
Oligomerization of C9 hydrocarbon fraction initiated by amino peroxides with cyclic substitute
Authors: Subtelnyy Roman , Zhuravskyi Yevhenii , Kichura Dariia , Dzinyak Bohdan
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates the production of hydrocarbon resins by oligomerization in solution and suspension of the C9 fraction of by-products from oil refining. The disadvantage of existing technologies for oligomers by free radical oligomerization is the use of high reaction temperatures. The application of N-replaced amino peroxides as low-temperature initiators and a suspension oligomerization technology can reduce the temperature and duration of the reaction.
The correlation between oligomerization parameters and yield and characteristics of oligomers has been established. Owing to this, it will be possible to set optimal conditions and predict the properties of the resulting products. The high values of the yield and bromine number correlation in oligomerization in solution (–0.98 and –0.95) and suspension (–0.83 and –0.80) indicate the course of the oligomerization reaction.
The main factor influencing oligomerization in solution is the reaction temperature (correlation 0.80). The softening temperature of oligomers is in the range of 349‒353 K and does not depend on the oligomerization conditions in the solution (correlation indicator 0.18).
Suspension oligomerization in the studied intervals does not depend on temperature (correlation −0.08) and initiator concentration (correlation 0.40). It is proved that in the studied intervals of variables, the yield of oligomers depends on the duration of the reaction (correlation 0.88). The color indicator of suspension oligomerization products at the studied intervals varies slightly and is 20–30 mg I2/100 ml.
The established optimal conditions make it possible to effectively use oil refining by-products by synthesizing light oligomers.
Under the established optimal conditions, the product yield is 22.7 % with oligomerization in solution and 19.4 % with suspension oligomerization.
Development of bus body technologies in terms of corrosion and durability
Authors: Ruban Dmytro , Kraynyk Lubomir , Ruban Hanna , Zakharova Maria , Burmistrov Sergiy , Khotunov Vladyslav , Metelap Volodymyr
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the technology of bus bodies and the formation of recommendations for design bodywork subject to the regulated durability of the body introduced into production. Advancing the technology of manufacturing bus bodies implies improving anti-corrosion protection, using new polymeric materials, and reducing the length of welds.
The issue of corrosion resistance of bus bodies has been considered. It is established that the use of new polymeric materials will increase the corrosion resistance of bus bodies while existing technologies weakly protect against corrosion (resource up to 5 years). The peculiarity of this study is that the adhesion of new materials has been tested, with artificial aging, which confirms the durability of glued joints.
According to the old technology, the body was exposed to anticorrosive treatment after welding the cladding with uncovered places left between the frame and body cladding, which provoked corrosion. The main idea is that in the new technology, the cladding is welded or glued after the body frame is fully coated with primer.
New technologies and materials not used in the automotive industry have been proposed. Three variants of technologies were put into production. First: the welding of steel zinc sheets. In welding sites, the frame is covered with conductive primer. It was implemented for school buses (after 7 years, without damage). Second: gluing steel zinc sheets. It was implemented for city buses (after 6 years, without damage). Third: gluing sheets from composite materials not used in the automotive industry. The transition to new adhesive cladding technologies from composite corrosion-resistant materials instead of steel sheet, reduces by 2.5–3 times the length of welds (up to 20 years without damage).
The studies have confirmed the strength of glued joints (cohesion rupture exceeds 95 %). The reliability of glued joints and high corrosion resistance of the body have been confirmed in the operation of buses.
The scope of practical use of the results: bus-building plants.
The reported results are suitable for production of all types while cataphoretic coatings are only for mass production
Application of topsis, mairca and EAMR methods for multi-criteria decision making in cubic boron nitride grinding
Authors: Huy Trieu Quy , Hien Bui Thanh , Danh Tran Huu , Lam Pham Duc , Linh Nguyen Hong , Khoa Vu Van , Hung Le Xuan , Pi Vu Ngoc
Published: July 2022

Determining the best cutting mode is a common problem for machining processes as well as for CBN (Cubic Boron Nitride) grinding on Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines. It is even more important when it is necessary to choose a solution that meets many goals, which are in conflict. This paper presents the results of a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) study on CBN grinding of cylindrical-shaped parts on CNC milling machines. Three MCDM methods,  including TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), MAIRCA (Multi-Attributive Ideal-Real Comparative Analysis), and EAMR (Evaluation by an Area-based Method of Ranking) were applied in this work. Besides, MEREC (Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) and Entropy methods were used to determine the weights of the criteria. In addition, the Taguchi method with L18 orthogonal array (6^1+3^3) design was used for the design of an experiment, which has four input factors including the depth of dressing cut, the spindle speed, the feed rate, and the wheel diameter. Two criteria, including the surface roughness (SR) and the material removal speed (MRS) were selected as the response outputs. The reason for choosing these two criteria is because SR and MRS are two very important output factors of a mechanical machining process as well as of the CBN grinding process on a CNC milling machine. In particular, these two criteria are always in conflict with each other. Small SR requirements will require small values of the feed speed and the depth of cut. This will lead to the reduction of MRS. From the results of this study, the use of different methods for MCDM was evaluated. In addition, rankings of alternatives have been given according to MCDM methods. Furthermore, the best alternative to guarantee both the minimum SR and the maximum MRS has been found
Formation of the mechanism of innovative development of insurance companies in the market environment
Authors: Litvinova Іryna , Davydova Oksana , Kozub Viktoria , Kozub Serhiy , Chernukha Tetiana
Published: July 2022

Ensuring the efficient operation and development of companies in the insurance services market in the context of globalization and growing international competition is possible only through the development and implementation of innovations. The object of the study is the services of insurance companies. Theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of the mechanism of innovative development of companies in the insurance services market in modern economic conditions have been studied. A rating analysis of insurance companies in Ukraine was carried out and their innovative development in the market environment was substantiated. Based on the insurance protection system, an analysis was made of the use of the resources of the insurance company and the level of earmarked funds. Analysis of studies has shown that the leading insurance companies are financially stable and provide high guarantees for the preservation, accumulation and timely payment of funds. The activity of the leading company in the insurance services market of the PJSC "Insurance group TAS" (Ukraine) is considered. The analysis of experts and its position in the market of insurance services is carried out. The results of the analysis allow us to state a stable increase in its market position in terms of insurance premiums, payments and reserves. The forecasting of economic indicators based on trend models, based on the idea of extrapolation, was carried out, the results of which indicate that the gross amount of the insurance company in the planned year will increase by 21.09% compared to 2019. It is proposed to ensure the innovative development of the insurance company through the implementation of the "Full Business Protection" program. It has been proven that its implementation will allow the insurance company to ensure continuous and stable operation. The components of the strategy of innovative development of the insurance company have been formed. A mechanism has been formed for the strategic innovative development of insurance companies, which includes 4 blocks: planning, implementation, analysis and control
Research in components of essential oils from flowers and leaves of the genus Alchemilla L. species
Authors: Dubel Nataliia , Grytsyk Andriy , Grytsyk Lyubov , Koshovyi Oleh , Kovaleva Alla
Published: July 2022

The genus Alchemilla L. has about 1000 species in the world flora, of which 35 grow in Ukraine. The most common in Ukraine are A. flabellata Bus., A. phegophila Juz. and A. subrenata Bus. Despite the widespread distribution of species of the genus Alchemilla L. and the publication of a monograph on the herb of the collective species - Herba Alchemillae (Alchemiilla vulgaris L. sensu latiore) in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine, the chemical composition, and pharmacological properties of species of the genus Alchemilla L. are insufficiently studied, therefore, it is advisable to study the chemical composition of the most common species of flora of Ukraine for their introduction into medical and pharmaceutical practice.

The aim of the work was to study the component composition and quantitative content of essential oils of flowers and leaves of some species of the genus Alchemilla L.

Materials and methods. Flowers and leaves of Alchemilla. flabellata Bus., Alchemilla phegophila Juz. and Alchemilla subrenata Bus. harvested in the Ivano-Frankivsk region in 2020 - 2021.

The component composition and quantitative content of essential oils were determined by chromato-mass spectrometric method. The compounds were identified by comparing the obtained mass spectra of the chromatographic peak with the mass spectra of the reference compounds and based on comparison with the spectra of the database. Quantitative determination of the content of substances in the raw material was performed in comparison with a standard sample of menthol.

Results. The essential oil of flowers and leaves of Alchemilla. flabellata Bus., Alchemilla phegophila Juz. and Alchemilla subrenata Bus were obtained. It was found that the highest content of essential oils was characterized by Alchemilla. flabellata Bus. flowers (16884.6 mg / kg), and the least essential oil was contained in the leaves of Alchemilla Phegophila Juz. (4895.5 mg / kg). As a result of studying the component composition of essential oils of flowers and leaves of Alchemilla flabellata Bus., Alchemilla Phegophila Juz. and Alchemilla subrenata Bus. 48, 51 and 47 compounds were identified, of which 44, 48 and 43 were identified, respectively. 31 components of essential oil were common in the studied samples of raw materials.

Conclusions. Due to the component composition of the essential oil of flowers and leaves of Alchemilla. flabellata Bus., Alchemilla phegophila Juz. and Alchemilla subrenata Bus., as well as considering the known pharmacological activity of its components, it is advisable to conduct further pharmacological studies of raw materials of the genus Alchemilla L. to study their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties
Determination of standardization parameters of Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pursh and Oxycoccus palustris Pers. Leaves
Authors: Vlasova Inna , Gontova Tetiana , Grytsyk Lyubov , Zhumashova Gulsim , Sayakova Galiya , Boshkayeva Assyl , Shanaida Mariia , Koshovyi Oleh
Published: July 2022

The aim. Extracts of cranberry large leaves have prospects when used to correct insulin-resistant conditions. There­fore, to create new drugs based on cranberry leaves, you need to develop instructions for cultivating the plant, harvesting raw materials and methods of quality control. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the pa­rameters of standardization of large cranberry leaves (Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) Pursh) and swamp cranberries (Oxycoccus palustris Pers.).
Materials and methods. Macro- and microscopic studies of raw materials were performed according to the method of SPhU 2.8.23 “Microscopic examination of medicinal plant raw materials”. Macroscopic examinations were per­formed using a magnifying glass and MBS-9 binocular microscope. Identification of basic substances was performed by TLC, testing and quantification of flavonoids according to SPhU methods.
Results. The morphological and anatomical features of the leaves of common cranberry and large cranberry were determined. The general features of the structure of stems and leaves species and different differences for each species are were revealed. TLC identification of the main BAS of raw materials was developed and standardization parameters were determined.
Conclusions. The parameters of cranberry leaf standardization are determined by the following indicators: mac­ro-and microscopic features, TLC identification of the main BAS raw materials (hyperoside, rutin and caffeic acid), impurities (not more than 2 %), brown stems not more than 5 %, weight loss during drying (not more than 10 %), total ash (not more than 7 %) and not less than 1 % of flavonoids, in terms of hyperoside