bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Yoga an Effective Treatment for Low Back Pain: A Research Review
Authors: Kelly Zena
Published: December 2019

Low back pain is a significant health problem. Current conventional medical interventions seem largely ineffective and do not address the contributing issues of low back pain in a comprehensive or holistic manner. The holistic approach of Yoga makes it an ideal intervention for low back pain, as it addresses the multifactorial physical, psychological, and social factors associated with low back pain. The objectives of this research review were to (1) identify all relevant published studies that identify Yoga as an intervention for low back pain; (2) draw conclusions about whether Yoga is an effective treatment for low back pain and comparable to other interventions; and (3) summarize interventions used in studies to better inform practitioners, healthcare providers, and researchers about how Yoga may be used to treat low back pain. Seven studies were identified: five moderate- to high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two case series. Participants of six out of the seven studies had chronic low back pain with a duration of greater than three months. The main outcome measures were disability questionnaires and pain. Styles of Yoga included Anusara, Iyengar, Viniyoga, a combined intervention of Yoga and Pilates, and Hatha Yoga, not further specified.The findings of this review suggest that Yoga has a positive effect on low back pain and function, with effects comparable to education combined with aerobic and strengthening exercise and more effective than education alone or no treatment. Yoga may provide an inexpensive and easily accessible way for those with low back pain to manage their symptoms. However, the small number of studies prevents definite conclusions from being drawn. This demonstrates a need to increase the evidence base through larger, well-designed RCTs in this area.
The efficiency of vitamin D using in the formation of food tolerance to cow’s milk protein in children with food allergy
Authors: Nalyotov Andrew V. , Shapchenko Tatjana I. , Masjuta Dmitrij I.
Published: December 2019

The problem of vitamin D deficiency is one of the most actual today, because, according to the results of numerous studies, its deficiency is registered in half the worlds population. The article presents the results of a study on the level of vitamin D in children of first year of life, suffering from cows milk proteins allergy, as well as in children who have formed a secondary food tolerance to this allergen. In the article was evaluated the effectiveness of the additional use of vitamin D against the background of the therapeutic dairy-free diet use. It was found that the 57.1 4.8% children of first year of life with cows milk proteins allergy have vitamin D insufficiency. Normal vitamin D level was found in only 36.2 4.7% of patients. In turn, vitamin D deficiency was found in 6.7 2.4% children, suffering from cows milk proteins allergy. It was found that the additional daily intake of vitamin D on the background of the use of therapeutic dairy-free diet may reduce the time of development of food tolerance to cows milk proteins and achieve the formation of secondary food tolerance for the three years in 92.0 3.8% of children with cows milk proteins allergy. It was found, that the use of only therapeutic dairy-free diet allows to achieve the formation of secondary food tolerance only in 76.0 6.0% children (p 0.05). The normal level of vitamin D were established in 97.6 1.7 % children, formed a secondary food tolerance to cows milk proteins.
Formation of metabolic syndrome in childhood: theoretical and clinical aspects
Authors: Bulavko Iana E. , Uspenskiy Yuri P. , Aleksandrovich Yuri S. , Reznik Vitaliy A. , Filimonov Aleksandr E.
Published: December 2019

According to statistical data the number of the children with obesity steady grows every year. In this regard the attention to a problem of metabolic syndrome (MS) has to be paid at the first stages of its formation, since early childrenʼs age, for the further preventive measures of development of cardiovascular diseases. The special contribution to the development of MS on geniture is made by fetal programming. Metabolic changes in mother are associated with the development of gestosis which makes a negative impact on the motherfetoplacentary complexfetus system, and with increase of frequency and severity of perinatal pathology which demand urgent resuscitation actions. In childhood, syndromes that are part of the MS are gradually and often asymptomatic. One of the first components of MS developing is obesity, at the age of 10 hypertension joins, in the pubertal period impaired glucose tolerance. Dyslipidemia can occur at any age, including debuting only in adulthood. In addition, the components of the syndrome significantly limit the vital activity and reduce the social activity of children, thus worsening the general and mental state, reducing the quality of life. In children with MS anesthetic management has a set of features, both in organizational aspects and in the management of patients in conditions of increased risk of complications. Thus, early detection of children suffering from MS, primary and secondary preventive measures will allow to prevent or delay the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases, their transformation into chronic nosological forms, as well as improve the course and prognosis of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
La criminalité féminine au Canada selon les statistiques
Authors: Brzezińska Joanna
Published: December 2019

The aim of this paper was to describe the phenomenon of woman’s crime in Canada from the perspective of statistical data analysis. For this reason, the statements regarding the frequency of the studied phenomenon in three research periods were presented: 1975–1981, 1984–1994 and 1999–2009. The Canadian woman perpetrators were found to have established categories of crimes (property crimes, violent crimes), the frequency of which has changed during the periods under investigation. In the context of the studies carried out, in particular, the phenomenon of the increase in the frequency of woman’s offences committed using violence, remains a matter of concern. This fact indicates an increase in the pathologization of their behaviours. Moreover, in the last research period (1999–2009) there were also new trends in the criminal activity of women – road traffic offences and offences involving drugs and narcotic drugs, however, their level was not high.
Przesłanki skreślenia z listy radców prawnych w kontekście ich wpływu na prawo do wykonywania zawodu oraz przynależność do samorządu radców prawnych
Authors: Misiejuk Ireneusz
Published: December 2019

The article provides an analysis concerning grounds for the deletion from the list of attorneys-at-law in Poland. The author distinguishes two spheres within the status of attorney-at-law: 1) the right to practice as an attorney-at-law and 2) the membership of the professional self-government of attorneys-at-law. Individual grounds are assessed in terms of the impact of their occurrence on both these spheres. The article discusses the effect caused by resolutions on the deletion from the list of attorneys-at-law, adopted as a result of emergence of the statutory grounds for the deletion in each of these spheres.
Fundamentos Jurídicos de la Protección del Agua Como Derecho Fundamental en Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Bermúdez Zulay María , Llanos Fernández Sebastián
Published: December 2019

En el presente artículo se efectúa el análisis de distintas decisiones jurisprudenciales, resoluciones y disposiciones internacionales referentes al agua, contextualizándolas en el territorio colombiano. Además, se busca exponer críticamente el problema de la falta de consagración del derecho fundamental al agua por parte de nuestra Constitución Política, que afecta gravemente a nuestro país, debido que la Carta Magna es norma de normas y al no estar este derecho incluido en este máximo cuerpo normativo, distintos sectores de la población, de manera individual o colectiva, han sufrido desprotección de parte de las autoridades, circunstancia que por fortuna ha podido ser abordada por el sistema judicial apelando al bloque de constitucionalidad.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PROTOCOLO DE VELOCIDADE DE NADO PARA 4 MMOL DE LACTATO (PROTOCOLO DO V4) PARA NADADORES
Authors: Vaccari Marcelo Celestino , Martins Patrícia Sardinha Leonardo Lopes , Lima Mário Oliveira , Martins Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes
Published: December 2019

Uma questão primária para técnicos e cientistas do esporte é como prescrever um programa de treinamento obtendo o máximo de desempenho com um mínimo de prejuízos para o atleta. Métodos para a determinação do Limiar Anaeróbio utilizam tanto protocolos diretos quanto indiretos. Neste trabalho visamos realizar uma análise prática do protocolo do V4 em nadadores velocistas e fundistas. O estudo desenvolveu-se com a equipe de natação FADENP de São José dos Campos/SP com 19 nadadores (16-30 anos, 8 do sexo feminino e 11 do sexo masculino). Nadadores velocistas realizaram 24 seqüências de 100 m, com intervalos de 30 segundos. Nadadores fundistas realizaram 6 seqüências de 400 m. Todos os testes foram realizados na mesma piscina de 25 metros. Os atletas foram capazes de desenvolver a velocidade de natação preconizada no pré-teste tanto os nadadores velocistas quanto para fundistas. Não houve diferenças significativas para as concentrações de lactato plasmático nos atletas velocistas, No entanto, quanto aos nadadores fundistas, não foram alcançadas as concentrações de lactato preconizadas. Em nosso trabalho e sob nossas condições experimentais podemos concluir que, ao menos para nadadores velocistas os parâmetros preconizados pelo teste do V4 foram altamente fidedignos.
Análisis Epidemiológico de los Tratamientos Quirúrgicos en el área de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial en el Hospital Metropolitano. Periodo 2015-2018. Estudio Retrospectivo.
Authors: Olalla Lopez Evelyn Andrea , Sandoval Portilla Fernando José , Sandoval Vernimen Fernando
Published: December 2019

Introducción: La cirugía oral y maxilofacial es una especialidad medico quirúrgica, que se ocupa del diagnóstico y tratamiento de traumatismos faciales, anomalías dento faciales, fisuras labio palatinas, infecciones de origen odontogénico, procesos patológicos, oncológicos o neoplásicos que involucran la cavidad bucal, cara y territorio craneofacial, así como de los órganos y estructuras cervicales relacionadas directa o indirectamente con las mismas y que deben ser atendidos quirúrgicamente. 

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la etiología tratamientos quirúrgicos que se realizaron en el Hospital Metropolitano y su prevalencia durante  el periodo 2015-2018

Materiales y Métodos: Se realizo un estudio de tipo descriptivo, cuantitativo, retrospectivo y transversal. La muestra de la investigación fue de 245 pacientes que fueron atendidos e intervenidos quirúrgicamente por el especialista de Cirugía oral y Maxilofacial en el Hospital Metropolitano durante el periodo 2015-2018.  La información se clasifico en base al diagnóstico, la edad, el sexo y el tipo de procedimiento quirúrgico.

Resultados:  La prevalencia de patología de origen no traumático corresponde al 79,18% y la de etiología traumática 20,82 %.  Siendo el de mayor prevalencia dentro de la patología no traumática las anomalías dentofaciales, seguidas por infecciones de origen odontogénico, fisuras labio palatinas y patología oral.

Conclusiones: La mayor prevalencia de cirugías realizadas durante el periodo 2015-2018 por el especialista Cirujano oral y Maxilofacial en el Hospital Metropolitano corresponden a cirugías de etiología no traumática y dentro de este grupo  la de mayor frecuencia es la cirugía ortognática para corrección de anomalías dentofaciales.

Palabras Claves:  epidemiologia, tratamientos quirúrgicos, cirugía maxilofacial, estudio retrospectivo.
O efeito de priming sintático na produção de sentenças ativas e passivas por crianças falantes do português brasileiro
Authors: Texeira Mariana Terra , Buchweitz Augusto
Published: December 2019

Priming sintático é a facilitação do processamento sintático do falante que ocorre quando uma estrutura sintática é repetida através de duas (ou mais) sentenças consecutivas. É possível estimular a produção de estruturas passivas (ou de estruturas infrequentes) se for dado ao falante, em um momento anterior, um prime passivo. A frequência de produção de sentenças na voz ativa, comparativamente à produção de sentenças na voz passiva, parece ser maior nas línguas. Neste trabalho, investigamos o efeito de priming sintático com crianças de 8 e 9 anos, falantes do português brasileiro, para responder se (i) o conhecimento gramatical abstrato de estruturas ativas e passivas está consolidado em crianças de 8 e 9 anos falantes de PB (Português Brasileiro); (ii) as crianças apresentam o efeito de priming sintático e aprendem com a produção de estruturas repetidas entre prime e alvo corroborando a teoria de Implicit Learning; e (iii) se o efeito de priming sintático ocorre somente com a repetição da estrutura sentencial entre prime e alvo, sugerindo que há um componente sintático da linguagem não mediado por questões semânticas ou demais questões linguísticas na gramática mental do ser humano. O efeito de priming sintático se mostrou significativo nas sentenças passivas. As crianças apresentam conhecimento abstrato de estruturas sintáticas. No entanto, parecem ter margem para “aprender” o uso dessas estruturas, sendo sensíveis ao efeito de priming sintático.
Apresentação
Authors: Signorini Inês , Fiad Raquel S.
Published: December 2019

Apresentação
Letramento(s): Conceitos de Trabalho no Ensino
Authors: Corrêa Manoel Luiz Gonçalves
Published: December 2019

Em Courtine e Vigarello (2009), são tematizados os modos, tecnologicamente informados, de tipificar o corpo do imputável a partir do século XIX. Desse processo, destaco o seu final, em que o efeito dessa tipificação culmina no controle dos corpos. Contrapondo vacuidade e densidade dos corpos, este trabalho assume como tarefa a indagação sobre como, na escola, se dá a descorporificação dos conceitos (conteúdos curriculares) e sobre como evitá-la. De uma perspectiva discursiva em Linguística Aplicada, a reflexão central introduz, ao tratar do(s) letramento(s), a noção de conceito de trabalho (STREET, 2009) para estabelecer o diálogo entre o objeto de ensino, o professor e o aluno, diálogo, portanto, entre os três participantes fundamentais da prática didático-pedagógica. A novidade em relação à noção de conceito de trabalho é a sua proposição como o espaço ótimo para se estabelecer um novo modo de produzir conhecimento, em que a transdisciplinaridade (SIGNORINI, 1998) se ocupa menos das disciplinas do que da produção dos objetos de reflexão no acontecimento da relação entre disciplinas.
Dadificação e Transdisciplinaridade nos Estudos do Letramento: O Jornalismo de Dados como Contexto de Pesquisa
Authors: Buzato Marcelo El Khouri , Torres Cleyton Carlos
Published: December 2019

Aborda-se o conceito e a prática do letramento de dados, visando caracterizá-lo como instanciação da transdisciplinaridade do(s) letramento(s) em sentido mais geral, apresentando-se, a partir dessa caracterização, perguntas e hipóteses de uma proposta de pesquisa focada no jornalismo de dados. Situamos a discussão no contexto da dadificação digitalizada da atividade social, argumentando que ela afeta a formulação de opiniões e argumentos baseados em textos jornalísticos que caracteriza o exercício da cidadania na esfera pública. Nossa pesquisa bibliográfica evidenciou que, embora predominem concepções de letramento de dados de natureza funcional e/ou baseada em habilidades (disciplinares), há também propostas baseadas no modelo ideológico/sociocultural do letramento. Concluímos apresentando a hipótese de que, nas práticas de jornalismo de dados, haveria uma tendência à subordinação das interpretações qualitativas aos saberes quantitativos, mas que se podem criar situações em que as lacunas disciplinares evidenciam o caráter transdisciplinar dos textos e dos eventos para os próprios produtores e leitores.
Insulin Sensitivity Measured with the Oral Minimal Model is lower in Obese Subjects Who Report omitting their Breakfast
Authors: JF Brun , C Delbos , F Gimet , E Raynaud de Mauverger , J Mercier
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Omitting the breakfast has been reported to promote weight gain and to impair insulin sensitivity. However this latter effect was only assessed with simple surrogates. We thus aimed at verifying if insulin sensitivity is lowered in individuals who omit their breakfast with a more quantitative assessment, using the “Oral Minimal Model” (OMM) i.e., an extension of Bergman’s minimal model to oral glucose tolerance-tests, in a cross-sectional study of a population exhibiting the full range of body mass indices.Materials and methods: We selected on our database of patients, explored for weight and/or eating disorders, 27 individuals omitting their breakfast (defined on the basis of an alimentary standardized questionnaire) and compared them to 103 matched subjects taking a hyperglucidic breakfast. The breakfast was analyzed with the OMM for the assessment of insulin sensitivity. Insulin secretion was assessed with a previously reported procedure, allowing the calculation of the parameters of phase 1 and 2 of insulin secretion of Cobelli and Mari’s models. In addition, it is already known that Mari’s model provides an index of post stimulatory potentiation of insulin secretion. Disposition indices (product of SI and insulin secretion parameters) were also determined.Results: In the 27 subjects omitting their breakfast compared to the 103 matched subjects the difference in insulin sensitivity was not found. No difference in insulin secretion parameters is detected. Homeostasis between insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity appears to be functional. However when splitting the sample in categories of BMI the expected difference appears in the range 30-40. In this subgroup (Omitting (n=9) BMI: 35.4±0.99 vs. non-omitting (n=47) BMI: 34.1±0.37 kg/m²) insulin sensitivity was lower in individuals omitting their breakfast (4.32 10-4 min-1/(μU/ml)± 0.94 vs. 9.33±1.84, p=0.03). Despite a slight increase in insulin levels and in the overall insulin secretion rate, a decrease in potentiation and in disposition index was evidenced in individuals omitting their breakfast. The lowering effect of omitting the breakfast on insulin sensitivity is thus evidenced in obese subjects in this sample (but not in those with a BMI below 30). This impairment in insulin sensitivity resulted in a decrease of glucose tolerance by 34%. This finding, based on a cross-sectional study but using a sophisticated measurement, is in agreement with the previous report that omission of the breakfast may induce resistance to insulin. It suggests that the worsening effect on SI that was experimentally found in an interventional study in healthy women becomes important enough in obese subjects to be detected in a cross-sectional study, and that this effect associates a decrease in SI and an incomplete adaptation of insulin release to this reduction in SI, and thus a decrease in glucose tolerance.
Effects of distortions by A-tracts of promoter B-DNA spacer region on the kinetics of open complex formation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
Authors: Kolasa Iwona K , Łoziński Tomasz , Wierzchowski Kazimierz L
Published: December 2019

A-tracts in DNA due to their structural morphology distinctly different from the canonical B-DNA form play an important role in specific recognition of bacterial upstream promoter elements by the carboxyl terminal domain of RNA polymerase alpha subunit and, in turn, in the process of transcription initiation. They are only rarely found in the spacer promoter regions separating the -35 and -10 recognition hexamers. At present, the nature of the protein-DNA contacts formed between RNA polymerase and promoter DNA in transcription initiation can only be inferred from low resolution structural data and mutational and crosslinking experiments. To probe these contacts further, we constructed derivatives of a model Pa promoter bearing in the spacer region one or two An (n = 5 or 6) tracts, in phase with the DNA helical repeat, and studied the effects of thereby induced perturbation of promoter DNA structure on the kinetics of open complex (RPo) formation in vitro by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. We found that the overall second-order rate constant ka of RPo formation, relative to that at the control promoter, was strongly reduced by one to two orders of magnitude only when the A-tracts were located in the nontemplate strand. A particularly strong 30-fold down effect on ka was exerted by nontemplate A-tracts in the -10 extended promoter region, where an involvement of nontemplate TG (-14, -15) sequence in a specific interaction with region 3 of sigma-subunit is postulated. A-tracts in the latter location caused also 3-fold slower isomerization of the first closed transcription complex into the intermediate one that precedes formation of RPo, and led to two-fold faster dissociation of the latter. All these findings are discussed in relation to recent structural and kinetic models of RPo formation.
UV- and MMS-induced mutagenesis of lambdaO(am)8 phage under nonpermissive conditions for phage DNA replication.
Authors: Krwawicz Joanna , Czajkowska Anna , Felczak Magdalena , Pietrzykowska Irena
Published: December 2019

Mutagenesis in Escherichia coli, a subject of many years of study is considered to be related to DNA replication. DNA lesions nonrepaired by the error-free nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER) and recombination repair (RR), stop replication at the fork. Reinitiation needs translesion synthesis (TLS) by DNA polymerase V (UmuC), which in the presence of accessory proteins, UmuD', RecA and ssDNA-binding protein (SSB), has an ability to bypass the lesion with high mutagenicity. This enables reinitiation and extension of DNA replication by DNA polymerase III (Pol III). We studied UV- and MMS-induced mutagenesis of lambdaO(am)8 phage in E. coli 594 sup+ host, unable to replicate the phage DNA, as a possible model for mutagenesis induced in nondividing cells (e.g. somatic cells). We show that in E. coli 594 sup+ cells UV- and MMS-induced mutagenesis of lambdaO(am)8 phage may occur. This mutagenic process requires both the UmuD' and C proteins, albeit a high level of UmuD' and low level of UmuC seem to be necessary and sufficient. We compared UV-induced mutagenesis of lambdaO(am)8 in nonpermissive (594 sup+) and permissive (C600 supE) conditions for phage DNA replication. It appeared that while the mutagenesis of lambdaO(am)8 in 594 sup+ requires the UmuD' and C proteins, which can not be replaced by other SOS-inducible protein(s), in C600 supE their functions may be replaced by other inducible protein(s), possibly DNA polymerase IV (DinB). Mutations induced under nonpermissive conditions for phage DNA replication are resistant to mismatch repair (MMR), while among those induced under permissive conditions, only about 40% are resistant.
Non-random distribution of GATC sequences in regions of promoters stimulated by the SeqA protein of Escherichia coli.
Authors: Strzelczyk Barbara , Słomińska-Wojewódzka Monika , Wegrzyn Grzegorz , Wegrzyn Alicja
Published: December 2019

The SeqA protein of Escherichia coli is not only the main negative regulator of DNA replication initiation but also a specific transcription factor. It binds to hemimethylated GATC sequences and, with somewhat different specificity, to fully methylated GATC regions. Recently, a microarray analysis was reported, in which transcriptomes of wild-type and DeltaseqA strains were compared. Although in the seqA mutant the levels of some transcripts were significantly decreased while certain transcripts were evidently more abundant relative to wild-type bacteria, no correlation between the presence of GATC motifs in promoter sequences and transcription activity was found. However, here we show that when larger DNA fragments, encompassing positions from -250 to +250 relative to the transcription start site, are analyzed, some common features of GATC distribution near the promoters activated by SeqA can be demonstrated. Nevertheless, it seems that the GATC pattern is not the only determinant of SeqA-dependence of promoter activity.
Immunodetection of surfactant proteins in human organ of Corti, Eustachian tube and kidney.
Authors: Kankavi Orhan
Published: December 2019

The presence of surfactant proteins was investigated in the human organ of Corti, Eustachian tube and kidney tissues. It has previously been shown that lamellar bodies are present in hairy cells of organ of Corti, in the cytoplasm of secretory and lumen of tubal glands of Eustachian tube and kidney renal basement membrane. No evidence for the presence of surfactant proteins in the organ of Corti and kidney has been presented until now. The aim of this study was to find out if surfactant proteins were expressed in other epithelia such as organ of Corti, Eustachian tube and kidney. Surfactant proteins were identified using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. On one-dimensional Western blots, bands for surfactant protein A in human Eustachian tube (SP-A, 34 kDa) and in kidney extracts, and for surfactant protein D (SP-D, 43 kDa) in Eustachian tube and in kidney extracts (SP-D, 86 kDa), and for surfactant protein B (SP-B, 8 kDa) in human Eustachian tube and organ of Corti extracts were detected. Bands corresponded to monomeric forms of lung surfactant proteins. These results indicate the presence of SP-A and SP-D in kidney epithelium, SP-A, SP-B and SP-D in Eustachian tube and SP-B in the organ of Corti.
Isozymes delta of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and their role in signal transduction in the cell.
Authors: Ochocka Anna-Maria , Pawelczyk Tadeusz
Published: December 2019

Phospholipase C (PLC, EC 3.1.4.11) is an enzyme crucial for the phosphoinositol pathway and whose activity is involved in eukaryotic signal transduction as it generates two second messengers: diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). There are four major types of phospholipase C named: beta, gamma, delta and the recently discovered epsilon, but this review will focus only on the recent advances for the delta isozymes of PLC. So far, four delta isozymes (named delta1-4) have been discovered and examined. They differ with regard to cellular distribution, activities, biochemical features and involvement in human ailments.
Paul-Bunnell antigen and a possible mechanism of formation of heterophile antibodies in patients with infectious mononucleosis.
Authors: Gołaszewska Ewa , Kurowska Ewa , Duk Maria , Kościelak Jerzy
Published: December 2019

Sera of patients with infectious mononucleosis contain heterophile anti-Paul- Bunnell (PB) antibodies to erythrocytes of numerous mammalian species. Evidence is presented that the corresponding antigen of bovine erythrocytes is not, as previously described, a single molecule, but a series of glycoproteins with glycans terminated with N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). The latter compound should be an important part of the PB epitope because, in agreement with the results of others, we found that desialylation of the PB antigen abolishes almost completely its activity. We examined three different preparations of GM3 ganglioside for their capacity to bind anti-PB and found that only GM3 from horse erythrocytes containing Neu5Gc exhibited a low although ELISA measurable PB activity. The other two GM3 preparations, from bovine milk and dog erythrocytes, containing N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) bound little if any anti-PB antibodies. This finding confirms a previous report that human erythrocyte Neu5Ac containing sialoglycoprotein with similar O-linked glycans as the PB-antigen of bovine erythrocytes exhibits only very low PB activity (Patarca & Fletcher, 1995, Crit Rev Oncogen., 6: 305). In conclusion, we present a hypothesis that anti-PB antibodies in patients with infectious mononucleosis are formed against infection-induced cell membrane glycoconjugates containing highly immunogenic Neu5Gc.
Probing protein structure by limited proteolysis.
Authors: Fontana Angelo , De Laureto Patrizia Polverino , Spolaore Barbara , Frare Erica , Picotti Paola , Zambonin Marcello
Published: December 2019

Limited proteolysis experiments can be successfully used to probe conformational features of proteins. In a number of studies it has been demonstrated that the sites of limited proteolysis along the polypeptide chain of a protein are characterized by enhanced backbone flexibility, implying that proteolytic probes can pinpoint the sites of local unfolding in a protein chain. Limited proteolysis was used to analyze the partly folded (molten globule) states of several proteins, such as apomyoglobin, alpha-lactalbumin, calcium-binding lysozymes, cytochrome c and human growth hormone. These proteins were induced to acquire the molten globule state under specific solvent conditions, such as low pH. In general, the protein conformational features deduced from limited proteolysis experiments nicely correlate with those deriving from other biophysical and spectroscopic techniques. Limited proteolysis is also most useful for isolating protein fragments that can fold autonomously and thus behave as protein domains. Moreover, the technique can be used to identify and prepare protein fragments that are able to associate into a native-like and often functional protein complex. Overall, our results underscore the utility of the limited proteolysis approach for unravelling molecular features of proteins and appear to prompt its systematic use as a simple first step in the elucidation of structure-dynamics-function relationships of a novel and rare protein, especially if available in minute amounts.
New analogue of cyclolinopeptide B modified by amphiphilic residue of alpha-hydroxymethylmethionine.
Authors: Witkowska Renata , Donigiewicz Anna , Zimecki Michał , Zabrocki Janusz
Published: December 2019

In order to evaluate the role and influence of the methionine residue on the biological activity of cyclolinopeptide B, an analogue with methionine residue in position 7 replaced by the amphiphilic (S)-alpha-hydroxymethylmethionine residue was synthesized. This peptide exhibits high immunosuppressive activity in the cellular, and to a lesser degree in the humoral immune response, comparable to that of CsA. In addition, the peptide was devoid of toxicity, even at high doses.
Cadmium-induced changes in antioxidant enzymes in suspension culture of soybean cells.
Authors: Sobkowiak Robert , Rymer Katarzyna , Rucińska Renata , Deckert Joanna
Published: December 2019

Cadmium (Cd), similarly to other heavy metals, inhibits plant growth. We have recently showed that Cd(2+) either stimulates (1-4 microM) or inhibits (>or= 6 microM) growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) cells in suspension culture (Sobkowiak & Deckert, 2003, Plant Physiol Biochem. 41: 767-72). Here, soybean cell suspension cultures were treated with various concentrations of Cd(2+) (1-10 microM) and the following enzymes were analyzed by native electrophoresis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APOX). We found a significant correlation between the cadmium-induced changes of soybean cell culture growth and the isoenzyme pattern of the antioxidant enzymes. The results suggest that inhibition of growth and modification of antioxidant defense reactions appear in soybean cells when Cd(2+) concentration in culture medium increases only slightly, from 4 to 6 microM.
Genetic study of familial cases of Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: Kowalska Anna , Pruchnik-Wolińska Danuta , Florczak Jolanta , Modestowicz Renata , Szczech Józef , Kozubski Wojciech , Rossa Grzegorz , Wender Mieczysław
Published: December 2019

A small number (1-5%) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases associated with the early-onset form of the disease (EOAD) appears to be transmitted as a pure genetic, autosomal dominant trait. To date, three genes responsible for familial EOAD have been identified in the human genome: amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1), and presenilin 2 (PS2). Mutations in these genes account for a significant fraction (18 to 50%) of familial cases of early onset AD. The mutations affect APP processing causing increased production of the toxic Abeta42 peptide. According to the "amyloid cascade hypothesis", aggregation of the Abeta42 peptide in brain is a primary event in AD pathogenesis. In our study of twenty AD patients with a positive family history of dementia, 15% (3 of 20) of the cases could be explained by coding sequence mutations in the PS1 gene. Although a frequency of PS1 mutations is less than 2% in the whole population of AD patients, their detection has a significant diagnostic value for both genetic counseling and treatment in families with AD.
Lysine-specific gingipain K and heme/hemoglobin receptor HmuR are involved in heme utilization in Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Authors: Simpson Waltena , Olczak Teresa , Genco Caroline A
Published: December 2019

We have previously reported on the identification and characterization of the Porphyromonas gingivalis A7436 strain outer membrane receptor HmuR, which is involved in the acquisition of hemin and hemoglobin. We demonstrated that HmuR interacts with the lysine- (Kgp) and arginine- (HRgpA) specific proteases (gingipains) and that Kgp and HRgpA can bind and degrade hemoglobin. Here, we report on the physiological significance of the HmuR-Kgp complex in heme utilization in P. gingivalis through the construction and characterization of a defined kgp mutant and a hmuR kgp double mutant in P. gingivalis A7436. The P. gingivalis kgp mutant exhibited a decreased ability to bind both hemin and hemoglobin. Growth of this strain with hemoglobin was delayed and its ability to utilize hemin as a sole iron source was diminished as compared to the wild type strain. Inactivation of both the hmuR and kgp genes resulted in further decreased ability of P. gingivalis to bind hemoglobin and hemin, as well as diminished ability to utilize either hemin or hemoglobin as a sole iron source. Collectively, these in vivo results further confirmed that both HmuR and Kgp are involved in the utilization of hemin and hemoglobin in P. gingivalis A7436.
Morphological and immunological characterization of immunostimulatory complexes based on glycoglycerolipids from Laminaria japonica.
Authors: Lee Irina A , Popov Alexander M , Sanina Nina M , Kostetsky Eduard Y , Novikova Olga D , Reunov Anatoliy V , Nagorskayaand Vera P , Shnyrov Valeriy L
Published: December 2019

Some physicochemical properties of glycoglycerolipids (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol) from the sea algae Laminaria japonica, as well as their ability to become incorporate into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs), used as a delivery system of microbial and tumor antigens in vesicular form, were studied. These glycolipids were found to differ essentially in fatty acid composition, unsaturation index and thermotropic behavior. The possibility of ISCOM modification by embedding the glycolipids studied instead of a phospholipid component in vesicles was shown. A preliminary research of the immunogenicity of the pore-forming protein from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in modified (by monogalactosyldiacylglycerol) and typical (egg phosphatidylcholine) ISCOMs did not reveal a significant enhancement of immune response in comparison with that of isolated protein.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Studies and Molecular docking Simulation of Norepinephrine Transporter (NET) Inhibitors as Anti-psychotic Therapeutic Agents
Authors: OLASUPO Sabitu Babatunde , UZAIRU Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon , UBA SANI
Published: December 2019

The Norepinephrine transporter (NET) is a Na+/Cl- coupled
neurotransmitter transporter responsible for reuptake of released
norepinephrine (NE) into neural terminals in the brain, an important
therapeutic agent used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. A
quantitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) investigation
was carried out on 50 Molecules of NET Inhibitors to investigate
their inhibitory potencies against norepinephrine transporter as
novel agents for anti-psychotic disorders. The molecules were
optimized by employing Density functional theory (DFT) with basis set
of B3LYP/6-31G*. The genetic function Algorithm (GFA) approach was
used to generate a highly predictive and statistically significant
model with good correlation coefficient R2 Train = 0.952, Cross
validated coefficient Q2cv = 0.870 and adjusted squared correlation
coefficient R2adj = 0.898. The predictability and accuracy of the
developed model was evaluated through external validation using test
set molecules, Y-randomization and applicability domain techniques.
The results of Molecular docking simulation by using two
neurotransmitter transporters PDB ID 2A65 (resolution = 1.65 Å ) and
PDB ID 4M48 (resolution = 2.955 Å) showed that two of the ligands
(compound numbers 12 and 44) having higher binding affinity were
observed to inhibit the targets by forming hydrogen bonds and
hydrophobic interactions with amino acids of the two receptors
respectively. The results of this study are envisaged to provide very
important new insights into the molecular basis and structural
requirements that would help in designing more potent and more
specific therapeutic anti-psychotic agents.
Determination of the isolated Rutin And Quercetin Contents In Syrian Ficus Carica L. Leaves Extracts
Authors: ALSHAAL Shaza , DAGHESTANİ Manal , KARABET Francois
Published: December 2019

The
major flavonoid glycoside in Syrian ficus leaves extracts (rutin) was
identified quantitatively and isolated, then transformed into its aglycone
(quercetin) by acidic hydrolysis of ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The
influence of the hydrolysis process on isoquercitrin content was investigated
too. The determination was carried out by high performance liquid
chromatography, and the isolation done by thin layer chromatography plates,
then identified by mass spectrum. Results showed that the rutin content in the
ethanolic extract 78.79% was higher than the aqueous one 61.90%, by using
ultrasonic extraction procedure, the quercetin content by hydrolysis process
was more satisfaction in the ethanolic extract 81.00% than the aqueous one
72.53%. Acidic hydrolysis process destroyed some of the isoquercitrin in the
extracts, the detection of isoquercitrin was done qualitatively by noticing the
mass spectrum and the photo diode array spectrum.  Rutin and quercetin were successfully
isolated, the relative peak areas for isolated rutin and quercetin were 99.80%,
96.46%, respectively. It was concluded that rutin can be easily converted into
quercetin by acidic hydrolysis, allowing the use of Syrian ficus leaves
extracts as an optimal cheap natural antioxidants source.
Prevalencia y factores asociados a la infección por C. trachomatis, N. gonorrheae, T. vaginalis, C. albicans, sífilis, VIH y vaginosis bacteriana en mujeres con síntomas de infección vaginal en tres sitios de atención de Bogotá, Colombia, 2010
Authors: Ángel-Müller Edith , Rodríguez Andrea , Núñez-Forero Lilian M. , Moyano Luisa F. , González Patricia , Osorio Elkin , Díaz Luz A. , Rodríguez-Malagón Nelcy , Ruiz-Parra Ariel I. , Tolosa Jorge E. , Gaitán-Duarte Hernando
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia y etiología de las infecciones de transmisión sexual, y de las infecciones endógenas en mujeres en edad reproductiva con síntomas de infección del tracto genital inferior sintomáticas, y describir los factores asociados.

Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en tres centros de atención en Bogotá. Se realizó el diagnóstico etiológico mediante puntaje de Nugent para vaginosis bacteriana (VB), cultivo para Candida, y frotis en fresco para trichomonas. En un subgrupo de pacientes se realizó cultivo In Pouch TM para T. vaginalis (TV), PCR para C. trachomatis (CT) y N. gonorroheae (NG), y pruebas serológicas para sífilis y VIH. Los factores de riesgo fueron evaluados comparando los dos grupos por medio del Odds Ratio (OR) y el intervalo de confianza del 95%.

Resultados: 1385 mujeres fueron incluidas, de ellas 115 (8,3%) eran trabajadoras sexuales. Se confirmó la presencia de alguna infección del tracto genital (ITG) en 731 (52,7%) de las mujeres; 560 (40,4%) presentaron infecciones endógenas y 170 (12,3%) infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS). La etiología más frecuente fue la VB en 549 (39,6%), seguida por candidiasis en 153 (11%). CT fue detectada en 134 (9,7%) y NG en 19 (1,4%). TV fue detectada por frotis en fresco en 11 (0,8%) y por cultivo en 8 de 634 (1,2%), sífilis en 12 (0,8%) y VIH en 1 (0,07%). Las mujeres trabajadoras sexuales tuvieron mayor riesgo de presentar cualquier ITS (OR: 2,0; IC 95% 1,2-3,3). Las mujeres con ITS tuvieron una edad promedio de 27,9 (± 7,8), y aquellas que no tenían ITS de 31,9 (± 8,9) años. El consumo de licor con frecuencia entre diaria y semanal fue mayor en las mujeres con ITS (OR: 2,6; IC 95%: 1,4-4,5).

Conclusiones: se identificó la etiología en el 52,7% de las mujeres que consultaron por síntomas de infección del tracto genital inferior. La infección más frecuente fue vaginosis bacteriana, y clamidia dentro de la infecciones de transmisión sexual. No se identificó ninguna etiología infecciosa específica en el 47,3% de las mujeres aun cuando se utilizó el patrón de oro diagnóstico para los diferentes microorganismos.
MEIO AMBIENTE LABORAL EQUILIBRADO: ANÁLISE DO CASO BRUMADINHO
Authors: Feliciano Guilherme Guimaraes , Pasqualeto Olívia de Quintana Figueiredo
Published: December 2019

Partindo da compreensão geral do sistema jurídico-ambiental e de suas aplicações ao direito do trabalho, este artigo discorre sobre a inefetividade dos princípios que orientam o direito ambiental – com destaque para os princípios da prevenção, da precaução, da melhoria contínua, da informa-ção, da participação e do poluidor-pagador – que contribuem para o desen-cadeamento dos grandes acidentes de trabalho. Notadamente em relação à tragédia de Brumadinho (Brasil, Minas Gerais, 25/01/2019), como a corre-ta compreensão e aplicação dos princípios jurídicos-ambientais contribui-ria para evitar o acidente ou reduzir os seus efeitos? Para tanto, valendo-se dos métodos dedutivo e dialético e partindo de cuidada pesquisa biblio-gráfico-documental, o estudo examina: (i) o conceito de meio ambiente do trabalho; (ii) a aplicabilidade dos princípios da prevenção, precaução, melhoria contínua, informação, participação e poluidor-pagador, norteadores do direito ambiental, ao direito ambiental do trabalho; (iii) o caso Brumadinho, considerado um dos maiores acidentes do trabalho do mundo e o maior do Brasil, avaliando em que medida a inefetividade concreta daqueles princípios contribuiu para o evento danoso; e (iv) qual a diagnose provável da responsabilidade civil do empregador pelo desequilíbrio do meio ambiente do trabalho.
Experimental Verification of the Efficiency of Using Interactive Technology Tools in the Humanitarian, Professional and Practical Training of International Economists
Authors: Bidasiuk Nataliia , Maksymchuk Larysa , Sobol Nataliia , Pavlyk Olha , Oleksandrenko Kateryna
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the issue of international economists’ vocational training. The results of the pilot research have revealed a number of inconsistencies in the process of studies such as the growing load of educational material and inefficient traditional methods of its study; requirements to solve professional problem situations combined with rare practice of applying innovative pedagogical technologies that could enhance interpersonal interaction; the need to develop practical readiness to build functional relationships in a foreign-language and lack of interdisciplinary approaches, professional simulation and adaptation techniques. With the aim of eliminating the aforementioned problems a graphical model of vocational training of future international economists using interactive technologies has been developed on the basis of theoretical and empirical research which determines the main directions of the experimental work. The key constituents of the suggested model such as pedagogical conditions, components, criteria, indicators, levels, have been described. The article gives a comparative analysis of the research results which proves the efficiency of using interactive technology tools in the humanitarian and professional practical training of international economists: in the control groups the average indicator of students’ readiness for foreign economic activity has changed during the course of studies from 3.03 grade points to 3.19 points (i.e. by 0.16 points), and in the experimental groups – from 2.98 points to 3.64 points (i.e. by 0.66 points), which is 0.5 points better than in control groups. The validity of the results has been verified with the methods of mathematical statistics proving the plausibility of the conducted experiment.
Managerial turnover and performance in outside boards: Ownership makes the difference
Authors: Lafuente Esteban , García-Cestona Miguel Angel
Published: December 2019

We examine the relationship between CEO, board and Chairman turnovers and future performance in banks with fully outside boards. Using a rich dataset on executive turnovers from Costa Rica, we find that ownership moderates the effect that control mechanisms have on performance. Our results indicate that executive turnovers followed by the appointment of outside executives (CEO and Chairman) have a positive impact on performance. On the contrary, large board replacements create organisational costs and these negatively affect performance. These results mainly hold for shareholder-oriented banks where managers and owners are more likely to be aligned. Finally, these results underline the importance of examining the effectiveness of governance mechanisms in emerging economies. More detailed information about ownership, legal framework and executive replacements can make a difference when it comes to evaluate the effectiveness of governance mechanisms.
A Finitely Generated Module over a Valuation Domain
Authors: Mahanani Dwi Mifta
Published: December 2019

This article discusses about some properties which are equivalent between a finitely generated module over PID and a finitely generated module over a valuation domain. This can be done by considering a finitely generated module over a DVR. Although in general a PID is not a valuation domain or vice versa, these equivalence of some properties will be valid. It is because a DVR is a PID and a valuation domain at the same time. Those the equivalent properties in a finitely generated module over DVR are related with the decomposition of the module and the height of an element in that module.