bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of mesoscale eddies on the transport of low-salinity water from the Bay of Bengal into the Arabian Sea during winter
Authors: Zhu Jiechao , Zhang Yuhong , Cheng Xuhua , Wang Xiangpeng , Sun Qiwei , Du Yan
Published: September 2022

The distribution of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB) is in contrast due to differences in air-sea freshwater fluxes and river runoff inputs. The monsoon-induced inter-basin water exchange plays an important role in regional salinity balance and atmosphere–ocean feedback in the North Indian Ocean. The satellite SSS data set reveals that significant intraseasonal variability of SSS occurs in the region south of the Indian Peninsula with the strongest amplitude in winter. A case study in autumn-winter of 2016 showed that the Northeast Monsoon Current (NMC) and mesoscale eddies play a dominant role in the intraseasonal variability of the SSS in the region south of the Indian peninsula. In November, the East India Coastal Current (EICC) transports the low-salinity water southward to the region east of Sri Lanka. Meanwhile, a cyclonic eddy develops and moves westward south of the NMC. Both NMC and the cyclonic eddy advects the low-salinity water westward to the region south of the Indian Peninsula. Then, an anticyclonic eddy generates in the north of the NMC. Thus, an eddy pair forms for more than one and a half months, which develops and propagates westward, transporting low-salinity water westward. The perturbation of mesoscale eddies and SSS difference between BoB and AS leads to the significant intraseasonal variability of SSS.
Influence of operating conditions on solar energy utilization efficiency of flat plate solar collector
Authors: Xiao Shubo , Zhang Ying , Xia Kuiming , Long Jibo
Published: September 2022

For the last 20 years, solar collectors have been developing rapidly in the use of energy in buildings. Under experimental conditions, the solar energy utilization efficiency (SEUE) of flat plate solar collectors (FPSC) can reach more than 80%, but the engineering application of SEUE is low, and even the collector heating cannot meet the design requirements. In this paper, based on the existing thermal performance of FPSC, the influence of ambient meteorological parameters and hot water system operation parameters on SEUE is studied using experimental tests and analytical calculations. The results reflected that the collectors connected to the auxiliary heaters will affect SEUE, with series-connected systems having greater SEUE than parallel-connected systems. When the solar radiation intensity was low, the SEUE of parallel-connected systems was more likely to be negative. Under calculated conditions, when the water inlet temperature was 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, the SEUE of the collector was 0%, and the corresponding solar radiation intensity was 113, 184, 225, and 328 W/m2, respectively. Reducing the average water temperature of the collector can reduce the heat loss in the energy conversion process between the collector and the air and increase the SEUE. When the solar radiation intensity was 500 W/m2, the collector inlet temperature decreases from 50 °C to 30 °C, and the SEUE increased from 20.9% to 38.5%. The research results can provide a parameter basis for the design of the FPSC system, especially the connection mode of collector and auxiliary heat device, and the design of system water temperature.
The triply periodic minimal surface-based 3D printed engineering scaffold for meniscus function reconstruction
Authors: Li Lan , Wang Peng , Jin Jing , Xie Chunmei , Xue Bin , Lai Jiancheng , Zhu Liya , Jiang Qing
Published: September 2022

Background

The meniscus injury is a common disease in the area of sports medicine. The main treatment for this disease is the pain relief, rather than the meniscal function recovery. It may lead to a poor prognosis and accelerate the progression of osteoarthritis. In this study, we designed a meniscal scaffold to achieve the purposes of meniscal function recovery and cartilage protection.

Methods

The meniscal scaffold was designed using the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) method. The scaffold was simulated as a three-dimensional (3D) intact knee model using a finite element analysis software to obtain the results of different mechanical tests. The mechanical properties were gained through the universal machine. Finally, an in vivo model was established to evaluate the effects of the TPMS-based meniscal scaffold on the cartilage protection. The radiography and histological examinations were performed to assess the cartilage and bony structures. Different regions of the regenerated meniscus were tested using the universal machine to assess the biomechanical functions.

Results

The TPMS-based meniscal scaffold with a larger volume fraction and a longer functional periodicity demonstrated a better mechanical performance, and the load transmission and stress distribution were closer to the native biomechanical environment. The radiographic images and histological results of the TPMS group exhibited a better performance in terms of cartilage protection than the grid group. The regenerated meniscus in the TPMS group also had similar mechanical properties to the native meniscus.

Conclusion

The TPMS method can affect the mechanical properties by adjusting the volume fraction and functional periodicity. The TPMS-based meniscal scaffold showed appropriate features for meniscal regeneration and cartilage protection.
Experienced based co design: nursing preceptorship educational programme
Authors: Hardie Philip , Murray Aidan , Jarvis Suzi , Redmond Catherine ,   Co Design Team, Bough Ashley , Bourke Louise , Brereton Siobhan , Darley Andrew , Fahy Trish , Fitzgerald Jade , Fogarty Liam , Gilmartin Brenda , Guilfoyle Caoimhe , Gilmore John , Hennessy Dawn , Kazimierowiska Julia , Langan Lisa , McEvoy Eoin , Melbourne Joy , Murphy Claire , Dhomhnail Catrina Ni , O’Donovan Roisin , O’Sullivan Claire , Owens Jacinta , Slattery Maria , Serb Oana , Walsh Grace , Whelan Maureen
Published: September 2022

Background

Patients play a central role in nursing preceptorship relationships, a professional educational relationship between a staff nurse and student nurse that is grounded in providing patient care. Yet the patient experiences and perspectives are largely uncaptured in the literature or represented in current preceptorship education programmes. Furthermore, the lack of student, staff nurse & patient involvement in the design of preceptorship education programmes has been noted.

Objective

To use a co-design process to develop an innovative educational programme for developing interpersonal and communication skills among nurses who act as preceptors. We sought to (a) clarify experiences and events from all three members involved in a preceptorship relationship (student nurse, preceptor, and patient (SPP) in order to develop a shared understanding of nursing preceptorship relationships and (b) identify the key informational and educational needs recommended by SPP for the educational programme.

Methods

Using the principles and the iterative process of Experienced Based Co Design (EBCD), data was collected from qualitative interviews and used to inform a series of co-design workshops and the co-production of the new educational programme.

Results

Twenty-six individuals, including undergraduate student nurses, staff nurses, patients, and a team of nursing, educational and educational technologist experts, contributed to developing a blended learning preceptorship educational programme that consists of three core elements (1) six online reusable learning objects, (2) two role play simulations and (3) a virtual reality storytelling simulated experience.

Conclusions

The EBCD process ensured that the educational programme was developed to meet SPP viewpoints associated with fostering positive interpersonal relationships in a nursing preceptorship. EBCD is a valuable framework for developing human-centred educational resources that combine experiential knowledge (experiences) and scientific knowledge (literature-based knowledge). It facilitated the identification and the development of Interpersonal and Communications skills (IP & C skills) training required within a nursing preceptorship relationship, creating an authentic and memorable learning programme. The structure of EBCD harnesses SPP involvement throughout the research and development process, ensuring transparency and continuity of message, scope, and outcomes.
A rare complication of hemolacria after Le fort I osteotomy: a case presentation
Authors: Helal May S. , Gaber Ramy M. , El-Kassaby Marwa
Published: September 2022

Background

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NDO) is a common pathology preventing the proper drainage of the tears, and its main symptom is epiphora. Secondary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (SANDO) can be due to a variety of causes including infection, trauma, or neoplasms. It has been reported to occur with different forms of maxillofacial trauma, especially Le Fort II, Le Fort III, naso-orbital-ethmoidal, and orbital floor fractures.

Case presentation

A 20-year-old Egyptian female presented to correct a facial disharmony due to a cleft lip and palate defect. The patient reported a history of congenital NDO and had deficient lateral nasal walls. Bimaxillary surgery was planned, including a Le Fort I osteotomy for the maxilla and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy for the mandible. The surgery was uneventful, but the patient complained from bloody tears or hemolacria few days postoperatively. This complication began to cease spontaneously after 2 days and completely recovered after 4 days.

Conclusion

Hemolacria is an infrequent finding after maxillofacial surgeries and may be associated with CLP surgeries more than other surgeries. In this case, it was easily managed, and surgeons should be more aware of it to try to prevent its occurrence.
Seroprevalence of human brucellosis in Morocco and associated risk factors
Authors: Faddane Kaoutar , Moumni Houda , Cherkaoui Imad , Lakranbi Mohammed , Hamdi Salsabil , Ezzikouri Sayeh , Saile Rachid , El Azhari Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Brucellosis is a prevalent infectious zoonotic disease that affects humans, livestock, and wildlife in many parts of the world. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis among farmers and patients attending six health centers in Sidi Kacem province (northwestern Morocco).

Materials and Methods: Blood samples (3-5 mL) were collected. Among 1283 participants, 351 were males and 932 were females and tested for Brucella antibodies using rose Bengal plate test and immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for confirmation.

Results: The seroprevalence of brucellosis was 33.20% (426/1283) with a higher risk among males and rural residents. The univariable analysis revealed that contacting cattle, handling abortion products and manure, and consuming undercooked beef and goat meat were all risk factors for brucellosis. Furthermore, raw milk and milk derivatives were risk factors strongly linked to brucellosis.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate a high prevalence of brucellosis associated with the consumption of raw meat, raw dairy products, milk, and close contact with infected animals. However, there are some limitations to this study, such as we did not use the ELISA test on all sera collected and individuals under the age of 18 were not included in the study. Moreover, building a database on the occurrence of brucellosis and associated epidemiological factors is critical for providing informed advice to policymakers to improve control strategies against this disease in Morocco.
Dietary supplement use and associated variables among Turkish women
Authors: ÖRS Elif Didem , Göktaş Zeynep
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Dietary supplement use is continuously increasing in the world and it seems to be more common among women. Data on supplement habits of women in Turkey are still limited. The purpose of this study is to determine dietary supplement use and to evaluate associated factors in Turkish women in the pre-COVID-19 period.
Methods: A total of 727 Turkish women (33.4[10.3] years; 25.9[4.57] kg/m2; 162.9[6.81] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. After piloting, the participants completed a six-part questionnaire form that was administered either face-to-face or over the phone by a trained dietitian. The questionnaire intended to collect data about demographic characteristics, use of dietary supplements and factors influencing supplement choices such as eating habits, physical activity and lifestyle habits.
Results: A total of 307 participants (42.2%) used at least one dietary supplement within the previous year. The most commonly used was iron (30.6%) followed by vitamin D (30.6%), vitamin B12 (26.7%), multivitamins (18.2%), and calcium (11.4%). Supplement use decreased with higher physical activity (p=0.002). Furthermore, it was significantly higher among women who consume meals at regular times (p=0.001) and those that avoid fast food consumption (p=0.014). However, the use of dietary supplements was not associated with lower BMI, older age or higher academic level (p>0.05).
Conclusions: More than 40% of women were reported using dietary supplements. The use of supplements was not associated with lower BMI, higher physical activity, older age, higher academic level smoking or drinking. Turkish women seem to show a different consumer profile from typical dietary supplement users.
Changes in Medicare Reimbursement for Common Gastroenterology Services Over 15 Years: 2007–2022
Authors: Khunte Mihir , Dang Nhu , Zhong Anthony , Kumar Soryan , Kamp Kendra , Shah Samir A.
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:

We evaluated trends in Medicare reimbursement for common gastrointestinal (GI) services from 2007 to 2022.

METHODS:

Top GI procedures and office/inpatient visits were identified. The Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services was queried to extract reimbursement data. Reimbursement trends were analyzed, accounting for inflation.

RESULTS:

GI procedures exhibited an average decrease in unadjusted and adjusted reimbursement of 7.0% and 33.0%, respectively. Reimbursement for patient visits exhibited an inflation-adjusted decrease of 4.9%.

DISCUSSION:

The analysis revealed a steady decline in adjusted reimbursement for both GI procedures and patient visits in the past 15 years.
Histologic Activity in an Endoscopically Normal-Appearing Pouch Predicts Future Risk of Pouchitis in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gupta Akshita , Kizza Jennifer F.N. , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N.
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:

The impact of histologic inflammation on subsequent risk of acute pouchitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been robustly examined.

METHODS:

We examined the association between histologic inflammation in endoscopically normal-appearing ileal pouches in patients with UC with subsequent risk of antibiotic-responsive acute pouchitis.

RESULTS:

Among 163 study patients, 53% had histologic inflammation in an endoscopically normal-appearing ileal pouch. Histologic inflammation in the pouch was associated with an increased risk of pouchitis (24.1% vs 6.8%, adjusted odds ratio 4.41, 95% confidence interval 1.48–13.20).

DISCUSSION:

Histologic inflammation in an endoscopically normal pouch was associated with an increased risk of acute pouchitis.
Risk of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Doyle John B. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Askling Johan , Forss Anders , Green Peter H.R. , Roelstraete Bjorn , Söderling Jonas , Ludvigsson Jonas F.
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Celiac disease (CD) is associated with many immune-mediated conditions, but a definitive epidemiological association between CD and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been established. We quantified the risk of JIA and RA among patients with CD using a population-based cohort.

METHODS:

We identified patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven CD between 2004 and 2017 using data from a national histopathology cohort in Sweden. Each patient was matched by age, sex, calendar year, and geographic region to reference individuals in the general population. We calculated the incidence and estimated the relative risk, through Cox proportional hazards models, of JIA in individuals with CD aged <18 and of RA in individuals with CD aged ≥18.

RESULTS:

We identified 24,014 individuals with CD who were matched to 117,397 reference individuals from the general population. Among individuals aged <18, the incidence rate of JIA was 5.9 per 10,000 person-years in patients with CD and 2.2 per 10,000 person-years in the general population (n events = 40 and 73, respectively; hazard ratio [HR] 2.68, 95% confidence interval 1.82–3.95) over a follow-up of 7.0 years. Among individuals aged ≥ 18, the incidence of RA was 8.4 per 10,000 person-years in CD and 5.1 per 10,000 person-years in matched comparators (n events = 110 and 322, respectively; HR 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.36–2.12) over a follow-up of 8.8 years.

DISCUSSION:

Among children with CD, JIA develops nearly 3 times as often as it does in the general population, and among adults with CD, RA occurs nearly 2 times as often. Clinicians caring for patients with CD with joint symptoms should have a low threshold to evaluate for JIA or RA.
Emerging Tools for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance
Authors: Singal Amit G. , Reig Maria , Villanueva Augusto
Published: September 2022

Abdominal ultrasound, with or without alpha-fetoprotein, is the recommended strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance but misses over one-third of HCC at an early stage. Emerging imaging modalities, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have early data showing high sensitivity for early-stage HCC, but potential issues such as radiologic capacity, patient acceptance, cost-effectiveness, and need for validation in Western non-hepatitis B virus populations still need to be evaluated. Similarly, blood-based biomarker panels, including GALAD and liquid biopsy techniques, have shown promising data in phase II case-control studies and may concurrently help address issues of surveillance underuse; however, these tools require validation in phase III and IV cohort studies. While awaiting prospective validation data for these emerging strategies, ultrasound with or without alpha-fetoprotein remains the current gold standard HCC surveillance strategy.
Design Thinking in der Industrie
Authors: Augsten Andrea
Published: September 2022

Design Thinking ist zu einem Modethema geworden, mit dem Unternehmen gerne ihre Zukunftsorientierung betonen. In der Praxis bleiben Vorstellungen von Inhalt und strategischer Zielsetzung jedoch oft vage, während etablierte Kulturen und Strukturen der Umsetzung zusätzlich im Weg stehen. Andrea Augsten untersucht als teilnehmende Beobachterin die Einführung von Design Thinking im Volkswagen Konzern. Ihre Analyse stellt vier Spannungsfelder heraus, die den Erfolg eines menschzentrierten, systemischen Organisationswandels bestimmen. Sie gibt Handlungsempfehlungen für das Management und bereichert die Designtheorie um ein empiriebasiertes Konzept von Design als Praxis der Organisationsgestaltung.
Theorien und Konzepte von Gewalt im Kontext von Geflüchtetenunterkünften
Authors: Scherr Albert
Published: September 2022

Der Beitrag entwickelt eine systematische theoretische Grundlage für die Analysen von Gewalt und sozialen Konflikten in Gemeinschaftsunterkünften für Geflüchtete. Auf dieser Grundlage werden unterschiedliche Entstehungsbedingungen von Gewalt in diesem Kontext aufzeigt und Überlegungen dazu entwickelt, wie potenziell gewaltförmige Konflikteskalation verhindert werden können.
Gesundheits- und Gewaltschutzmonitoring in Aufnahmeeinrichtungen für Geflüchtete
Authors: Jahn Rosa , Bozorgmehr Kayvan
Published: September 2022

Dr. Rosa Jahn und Prof. Kayvan Bozorgmehr widmen sich in diesem Kapitel den Wechselwirkungen zwischen der zentralen Unterbringung Geflüchteter und gesundheitlichen Konsequenzen und Prädiktoren von Gewalt. Auf einen Einblick in die medizinische Versorgung in den Aufnahmeeinrichtungen folgt eine Beschreibung des Projektes »Surveillance der Gesundheit und primärmedizinischen Versorgung von Asylsuchenden in Erstaufnahmeeinrichtungen und Gemeinschaftsunterkünften in Deutschland« (PriCare). Der Beitrag verfolgt die These, dass die Erfahrungen aus der Entwicklung eines Gesundheitsmonitorings in Aufnahmeeinrichtungen im PriCare Projekt Gewaltschutz und -monitoring in drei Bereichen unterstützen können: 1. Identifizierung von Schutzbedarf und schutzbedürftigen Gruppen, 2. Prävention und Umgang mit Gewalt, und 3. Monitoring eines Gewaltschutzkonzepts.
Palestinian Diaspora or Exile? Affective and Experiential Dimensions of (Im)mobility
Authors: Schiocchet Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Many authors working on Palestinian displacement stand by the use of the term »diaspora«, and their reasoning is not easily dismissed. Yet, this chapter explains why I prefer to use the term »exile«, and why this is tied to questions about refugee regimes and refugee agency. It argues that we must problematize how even the academic discussion on refugee regimes may be embedded in, and often unintentionally may help to reinforce, mechanisms of refugee control. To achieve this goal, the chapter first considers the Palestinian global dispersal and social belonging subjectivity as a background for a debate around conceptualizations of the term »diaspora«. This discussion about the term diaspora then informs my arguments on how (un)fitting this term may be for the Palestinian case, and what it may leave out of the picture.
Platforms Becoming Infrastructural?
Authors: Berfelde Rabea , Kluzik Vicky
Published: September 2022

The article critically reviews existing research around platform urbanism and discusses how the infrastructural character of platforms is analyzed. Going beyond this existing research, the authors sketch out a framework to understand how an infrastructuralization of platforms takes place vis-à-vis ongoing socio-spatial transformations akin to austerity urbanism. Furthermore, the authors propose a rethinking of technopolitical theorizations with a feminist perspective that takes the social-reproductive contradictions inherent to financialized capitalism as a central prism for a more nuanced understanding of platforms' business models. Empirically, the article looks at Airbnb and care platforms to understand how platforms leverages care gaps resulting from the dismantling of welfare state provision.
The Politics of Geodata in Urban Platform Capitalism
Authors: Michel Boris , Schröder-Bergen Susanne
Published: September 2022

Crowd-based knowledge has often been welcomed as an opening, democratization and decommodification of knowledge production. Such a self-description has been widely criticized in research over the past decade an neglecting the political economy and the social exclusion reproduced in these forms of geodata. This paper looks at the growing role of institutionalized actors in the production of geospatial data in OpenStreetMap (OSM). Especially in urban contexts, it can be observed that commercial platforms have started to both use but also to contribute data from and to OSM, so that its geodata has become an integral resource of their platforms. Critical research on platform economies highlights a flexibilisation, acceleration and outsourcing of risks as key modes of those models. The crowd-based productions of geo-data is a perfect case in point. This paper discusses the extent to which platforms are integrating the crowd-based knowledge of OSM into structures of a neoliberal data colonialism.
Looking for Glitches in Mobility Platforms
Authors: Wiechers Henk
Published: September 2022

Henk Wiechers discusses the relationship between the concept of glitch feminism and platform urbanism with a sectoral focus on mobility platforms. Looking for glitches in everyday workings of platforms is seen as a way to envision emancipatory potentials in these interactions. Here, mobility platforms serve as a fitting example, due to their manifold material and social interconnections between platforms and urban space. In three scenes deduced from autoethnographic field visits the author identifies three perspectives on how to investigate mobility platforms through the lens of the glitch and points out aspects where further research is needed.
"When Clean Angels Calls, I Run"
Authors: Keller Marisol
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, Marisol Keller sheds the light on subjectivities and living realities of gig workers that work on digital care platforms. She connects her autoethnographic empirical data with the idea of platform urbanism and the understanding of platforms as critical infrastructures in cities. Her findings present how workers navigate urban spaces in rhythms demanded by the platforms and thereby (re)negotiate power imbalances that are deliberately produced by the platform. Her conclusions unveil the enormous power of the platforms in shaping spatial and temporal patterns of gig workers and care labor in today's cities.
Riders United Will Never Be Divided?
Authors: Orth Barbara
Published: September 2022

In this paper Barbara Orth offers an analysis of the ongoing labor organizing effort at the grocery delivery platform Gorillas in the German capital Berlin. She argues that a particular combination of external circumstances and successful organizing strategies enabled a relatively small group of workers to temporarily disrupt a growing billion-dollar business. While the collective actions at Gorillas thus illustrate how local conditions can be successfully leveraged to disrupt a platform's operations from below, the paper cautions against generalizing from the Gorillas experience. Given the unpredictability of venture capital-driven markets¡ it remains a cautionary tale.
Ordinary Invitations in Spaces of Everyday Life
Authors: Franz Yvonne
Published: September 2022

Yvonne Franz starts from the position that urban neighborhoods represent focal points of everyday life. Practices of everyday life occur largely through unplanned, superficial, fluid, and temporally limited interactions. Neighborhoods can be seen as the built environment in which people form public spaces, allowing for contact, interaction, and more. These platform-like spaces might be considered as entry points from which one might socially arrive in a neighborhood, or from which one might depart when staying feels unpleasant or uncomfortable rather than inviting. As such, arriving in a neighborhood also means making social connections and participating in everyday life.
The Financialization of the Housing Market in the Digital Era
Authors: Gennburg Katalin
Published: September 2022

Using the example of Airbnb, an internationally operating platform company for the booking of apartments, this article describes the role of such a company in the housing policy debate. The main thesis of the text is that Airbnb is exemplary for the financialization and digitalization of the housing market, and that it, as a platform, exploits data generated by urban processes and rental practices. In this context, it is of particular interest that digitalization is not a neutral process in itself; it takes place embedded in consumption-oriented and capitalist accumulation processes and is significantly influenced by technology and innovation policies.
Platform Urbanization and Citizenship
Authors: Bignami Filippo , Hanakata Naomi C.
Published: September 2022

In this article, Filippo Bignami and Naomi C. Hanakata mobilize the concept of platform urbanization to investigate the growing influence of digital platforms on citizenship and urban transformation. It sheds light on the intersection between urban transformation process and (urban) citizenship. Using the lens of observation and interpretation, the concept of platform urbanization is also considered a corollary of the virtual/digital as a rising real, immaterial, and planetary political space. In a critical reflection on the implications of platform urbanization, the authors discuss structural and political corollaries of this development and the subsequent need to reconceptualize citizenship today. Furthermore, the article wants to go beyond dominant practices of the present and scan inherent capacities of platform urbanization for possible urban citizenship scenarios. Taking platform urbanization as an inescapable force in contemporary urbanization processes, and by drawing from a heterogeneous set of examples, the article looks at the aptitude of platform technologies to foster an urban condition in which platforms form an immaterial but concrete political condition and explore what it takes in forms of skills to realize a space of inclusion that offers participation empowerment for all.
Das nachhaltige Museum
Authors: Garthe Christopher J.
Published: September 2022

Nachhaltigkeit muss zum zentralen Bezugspunkt in der Museumspraxis werden - programmatisch, ökologisch und gesellschaftlich. In 17 illustrierten Kapiteln zeigt Christopher Garthe, wie das geht, und liefert den Bezugsrahmen für eine umfassende Beschäftigung mit Nachhaltigkeit in Museen und Ausstellungen. Dazu vereint er die Darstellung konkreter Instrumente mit Eigenschaften eines Nachschlagewerks und übersetzt die vom ICOM initiierte Diskussion um die Zukunft des Museums in das erste vollständige Kompendium zum nachhaltigen Museum. Vom Facility-Management bis zur Kunstvermittlung, von nachhaltiger Konservierung bis zur Citizen Science - das Museum der Zukunft muss sich neu erfinden.
From Photography to fMRI
Authors: Muhr Paula
Published: September 2022

Hysteria, a mysterious disease known since antiquity, is said to have ceased to exist. Challenging this commonly held view, this is the first cross-disciplinary study to examine the current functional neuroimaging research into hysteria and compare it to the nineteenth-century image-based research into the same disorder. Paula Muhr's central argument is that, both in the nineteenth-century and the current neurobiological research on hysteria, images have enabled researchers to generate new medical insights. Through detailed case studies, Muhr traces how different images, from photography to functional brain scans, have reshaped the historically situated medical understanding of this disorder that defies the mind-body dualism.
Becoming a Migrant Worker in Nepal
Authors: Uprety Hannah
Published: September 2022

High-profile events such as the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar have made one thing abundantly clear: Much of today's economic growth would be unthinkable without the low-wage employment of migrant workers. But which cultural, economic, and political infrastructures in the »source« countries make these types of migration possible in the first place? Based on multi-sensory ethnographic research in Nepal, Hannah Uprety retraces the practices of recruitment and instruction that - step by step - transform Nepali labor into an internationally marketable commodity. In doing so, she uncovers a migration regime that effectively turns local men and women into »migrant workers« before they even leave the country.
The Politics of Digital Pharmacology
Authors: Heidenreich Felix , Weber-Stein Florian
Published: September 2022

Digitization is transforming our world economically, culturally, and psychologically. The influx of new forms of communication, networking, and business opportunities, as well as new types of distraction, self-observation, and control into our societies represents an epochal challenge. Following Bernard Stiegler's concept of pharmacology, Felix Heidenreich and Florian Weber-Stein propose to view these new forms as digital pharmaka. Properly dosed, they can enable new self-relationships and forms of sociality; in the case of overdose, however, there is a risk of intoxication. In this essay, Felix Heidenreich, Florian Weber-Stein, and, in a detailed interview, Bernard Stiegler analyze this complex change in our world and develop new skills to use digital pharmaka.
Künstlerische Aufarbeitung
Authors: Korn Florian
Published: September 2022

In der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in der DDR setzten sich Künstler*innen in vielfältigen Ausdrucksformen und Stilen mit der nationalsozialistischen Vergangenheit auseinander. Dabei wurde das künstlerische Schaffen nicht nur durch staatsübergreifende Erinnerungsdiskurse beeinflusst. Vielmehr erzielten künstlerische Auseinandersetzungen mit der Vergangenheit eine emotionalisierende Wirkung auf das Ausstellungspublikum in Ost- und Westdeutschland und beeinflussten somit auch die Vergangenheitsdiskussionen. Florian Korn untersucht diese Auseinandersetzungen mit der NS-Vergangenheit sowie die Auswirkungen von Bildern auf den deutsch-deutschen Erinnerungsdiskurs in vergleichender Perspektive.
Spatial Analysis as a Tool for Architectural and Urban Historians
Authors: Jöchner Cornelia
Published: September 2022

Cornelia Jöchner's essay is focused on the specific longue durée of the city. Very often, art and architecture researchers translate this fundamental condition into chronologies instead of searching for the constitutive 'construction factors' of spatial situations. The combination of chronologies, however, derives from ideal cases of architecture. By contrast, acknowledging - including methodologically - the permanent pressure on the city to change is a far more realistic view. This means that the continued interpretation of the city's topology and buildings against the background of conversions and new buildings, urban planning schemes and repurposing, is analytically assumed from the outset.
Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Clusters in Metropolitan Economies: Overview and Comparative Assessment
Authors: Kiese Matthias
Published: September 2022

Matthias Kiese introduces clusters of firms and supporting organisations in the same or related industries as a typical feature of urban economies. He provides an overview of the most common top-down and bottom-up methods and identifies their strengths and weaknesses in a comparative perspective. Complementary strengths favour the combination of top-down and bottom-up methods in a mixed-method research design.
Methodologies for Urban Transport Studies
Authors: Gerike Regine , Scheiner Joachim
Published: September 2022

Regine Gerike and Joachim Scheiner focus on quantitative travel behaviour analysis as one core data basis for urban transport studies and evidence-based strategies for shaping future transport systems. Transport research investigates transport patterns in various research streams including research on travel behaviour, freight traffic and logistics, aggregated transport demand, simulation and modelling. This chapter presents first different types of data and methods for data collection. This is followed by an example travel survey analysis that can be seen as typical for recent related research. The final section discusses the findings and sets the study in context with metropolitan research.
Digital lesen
Authors: Wilke Franziska
Published: September 2022

Was ist digitales Lesen? Wie gehen Lesende mit der digitalen Angebotsfülle um? Individuelle Bewältigungsmechanismen reichen oft nicht mehr aus, um diese Herausforderung zu meistern, und der Hype um digitale Medien verstellt den Blick auf ihre Tradition. Die Entwicklung stabiler Lesestrategien und Medienkompetenz erfordert daher eine systematische historische und wissenschaftliche Beschreibung des Phänomens. Aus der Synthese von Leseakttheorie, Materialitäts- und Medienforschung sowie Praxistheorie entwickelt Franziska Wilke eine Lesetypologie, die das Lesen digitaler Literatur veranschaulicht. Ihre gewonnenen Erkenntnisse nützen nicht nur Lesenden, sondern auch jenen, die es werden möchten.
»We Are All Activists«
Authors: Rzadtki Lea
Published: September 2022

Who is meant when people talk about the citizens or the activists? Often, they are implied to mean the most privileged positionalities. Simultaneously, refugees and migrants tend to be seen through their (supposed) legal status. Thus, they are neither practically nor conceptually regarded as activists. The variety of intersecting positionings in migrant rights activism results in complex inequalities and power dynamics within activist groups. Solidarities are continually challenged, negotiated, and built. Lea Rzadtki develops a conceptual view on claims, challenges, and processes that activists experience and deal with. She moves beyond dichotomies and engages in transversal dialogue.
Die Liebe zum Kind
Authors: Dolderer Marianne
Published: September 2022

Die Liebe zum Kind ist ein theoretisch wenig beleuchteter Gegenstand. Mit der Psychoanalyse Jacques Lacans kann diese Liebe als das unbewusste Genießen in der Beziehung zum Kind gefasst werden. Dabei zeigt sie sich als ein Schlüssel zu einem Strukturwandel des Genießens, im Zuge dessen ödipale Beziehungen ihre Bedeutung verlieren. Das bleibt nicht ohne Folgen für das »Geschlechtsverhältnis«. Marianne Dolderer zeigt auf, dass sich jenseits der pädagogischen Liebe der Raum öffnet für ein Verhältnis zum Kind, das weder zu einer ödipalen Verleugnung der mütterlichen Subjektivität noch zu einem postödipalen Negieren von Alterität führt.
Indigene Resistencia
Authors: Held Maximilian
Published: September 2022

Lateinamerika kennt zahlreiche Protestbewegungen seiner indigenen Bevölkerung. Einer der emblematischsten Fälle ist die soziale Bewegung gegen ein Prestige-Projekt der Morales-Regierung: den Bau einer Straße im Indigenen Territorium und Nationalpark Isiboro Sécure (TIPNIS) im bolivianischen Amazonasgebiet. Mit Blick auf die Perspektiven der heterogenen Protestakteur*innen rekonstruiert Maximilian Held diesen Widerstand in seinen komplexen Erscheinungsformen. Dabei stellt er heraus, wie Problematiken der geschwächten indigenen Selbstverwaltung, sozioökologische Bedrohungen, Defizite des neoextraktiven Entwicklungsmodells und mangelnde Rechtsumsetzung zusammenhängen.
Proprium als Problem?
Authors: Scherer Samuel
Published: September 2022

Katholische Hochschulen stehen im Spannungsfeld zwischen Chancen durch Alleinstellung und Risiken durch ihre Kirchenzugehörigkeit. Mit Blick auf ihr Managementgeschehen untersucht Samuel Scherer, ob ihre Strukturen und Prozesse in Verbindung mit den von ihnen kommunizierten Werten stehen. Als theoretische Bezüge nutzt er neben Luhmanns Systemtheorie die Organisationsethik nach Heller und Krobath und entwickelt ein Selbstbewertungsinstrument in der Logik des EFQM-Modells. Damit regt er eine Reflexion entsprechend der Organisationsethik an und ermöglicht Organisationen, eine Standortbestimmung ihres eigenen ethischen Reifegrades vorzunehmen.
Towards a New Enlightenment - The Case for Future-Oriented Humanities
Authors: Gabriel Markus , Horn Christoph , Katsman Anna , Krull Wilhelm , Lippold Anna Luisa , Pelluchon Corine , Venzke Ingo
Published: September 2022

What role can the humanities play in shaping our common future? What are the values that guide us in the 21st century? How can we unleash the potential the humanities offer in a time of multiple crises? This volume tackles some of these fundamental questions, acknowledging and developing the changing role of academic discourse in a turbulent world. This timely book argues that the humanities engender conceptual tools that are capable of reconciling theory and practice. In a bold move, we call for the humanities to reach beyond the confines of universities and engage in the most urgent debates facing humanity today - in a multidisciplinary, transformative, and constructive way. This is a blueprint for how societal change can be inclusive and equitable for the good of humans and non-humans alike.
Gender and Islam: On the Politics of Sexuality of Muslim Male Authors In Indonesia and France
Authors: Udasmoro Wening
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara karya sastra dan perubahan social terkait dengan politik seksualitas. Secara umum, karya-karya sastra di dunia yang ditulis oleh pengarang laki-laki, secara historis memiliki muatan yang banyak memosisikan perempuan sebagai objek terutama terkait dengan tubuh dan seksualitasnya. Setelah peristiwa 11 September 2001 yang secara koinsidental hampir bersamaan dengan munculnya era Reformasi di Indonesia, baik di Indonesia maupun Prancis semakin banyak karya-karya bertemakan Islam yang ditulis. Dengan menganalisis karya-karya bertemakan Islam yang ditulis oleh pengarang laki-laki, yakni Syngué Sabour Pierrede Patience, karya Atiq Rahimi and Ayat-Ayat Cinta karya Habiburrahman El Shirazy, artikel ini menggunakan lensa teori dengan mengetengahakn konsep mengenai politik seksualitas. Sebagai metode, digunakan analisis wacana kritis sebagai usaha untuk memahami beroperasinya kekuasaa bahasa di dalam karya-karya tersebut. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah pada aspek fundamental yang dipandang oleh penulis novel untuk menjustifikan kontrol terhadap seksualitas perempuan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tubuh dan seksualitas perempuan dikendalikan baik secara fisik maupun simbolis, tidak hanya oleh laki-laki tetapi juga oleh keluarga dan masyarakat. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengontrol moralitas publik dan untuk melanggengkan rejim kekuasaan laki-laki yang dilembagakan secara agama, budaya dan politik.
[The article aims to explore the relation between the work of literature and the social changes on the politics of sexuality. In general, literary works written by male authors, historically have a lot of content that positions women as objects, especially related to their body and sexuality. After the incident of September, 11, 2001, which coincidentally almost in the same time with the emergence of the Refromasi era in Indonesia, both in Indonesia and France, more Islamic-themed work were written. By analyzing Islamic-themed works written by male authors, namely, Syngué Sabour Pierre de Patience by Atiq Rahimi and Ayat-Ayat Cinta, by Habiburrahman ElShirazy, this article uses a theoretical lens by highliting the concept of the politics of sexuality. Critical discourse analysis method is used as an attempt to understand the operation of the power of language in these works. This article focused on the fundamental aspects considered by the authors to justify the control over women’s body and sexuality. This research finds that women’s body and sexuality are controlled both physically and symbolically, not only by men but also by their families and society. The objective is to control the public morality and to perpetuate the religiously, culturally, and politically institutionalized male dominant regime.]
Bina Ketahanan Keluarga Ojek Online Di Kabupaten Ponorogo Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rohmah Ulin Nadya Rif'atur , Muafiah Evi , Sofiana Neng Eri , Fajar Adryanto Bagus
Published: September 2022

Dampak Covid 19 bagi ojek online sebagai salah satu pekerja informal yang terkena dampak penurunan ekonomi akibat Covid-19 yang selanjutnya berpengaruh juga pada ekonomi keluarga. Krisis ekonomi yang dirasakan tidak hanya berpengaruh secara fisik saja, namun juga secara sosial dan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab bagaimana pengupayaan ketahanan keluarga terhadap berbagai problematika kehidupan keluarga ojek online di Kabupaten Ponorogo pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif atau penelitian lapangan dengan data yang didapatkan dari wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori ketahanan keluarga dengan metode analisa deskriptif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa seluruh keluarga telah menunjukkan adaptasi yang positif terhadap berbagai problematika yang sedang dihadapi. Adapun strategi koping yang dilakukan melalui penerapan komunikasi yang efektif dan komitmen yang tinggi serta diimbangi pula oleh spiritualitas keluarga.
[The impact of Covid 19 for online motorcycle taxis as one of the informal workers affected by the economic decline due to Covid-19 which in turn also affects the family economy. The perceived economic crisis does not only affect physically, but also socially and psychologically. This study aims to answer how to strive for family resilience against various problems of online motorcycle taxi family life in Ponorogo Regency during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of research is qualitative or field research with the data conducted by interview, observation, and documentaion. The theory used is the theory of family resilience and the analysis method is analysis description. This research concludes that the whole family has shown positive adaptation to the various problems they are facing. The coping strategies are carried out through the application of effective communication and high commitment and are also balanced by family spirituality.]
The Role of Biopesticide in Increasing Rice Farmer's Profit
Authors: Ichdayati Lilis Imamah
Published: September 2022

Rice farmers' excessive use of chemical pesticides has increased the brown planthopper infestation. The Integrated Pest Management - Farmer Field School (SLPHT) conducted efforts to replace pesticides with environmentally friendly materials. Cost savings arise because the farmers of the "IPM community" apply IPM principles such as using self-made bio-pesticides, hence, the quality of the grain produced is rated higher. Therefore, this study aims to determine the characteristics of farmers using production factors and to analyze the effect of biological pesticides on the profits of rice cultivars in the Indramayu Regency. The analysis tool consists of descriptive qualitative and multiple linear regression using pesticides as the independent variable. The highest cost of rice farming is the labor of 52% - 67%. Furthermore, approximately 61.8% of farmers own paddy fields measuring between ​​0.5 ha - 2 ha. The proportion of cultivars that uses biological and chemical pesticides are only 24.4% and 75.6%, respectively. The test shows that labor is a burden on farmers. This was observed from its negative effect, while the land area has a positive and significant impact on their profit levels. The results of this study are essential. This is shown by the negative relationship between profits and biological pesticides, indicating that the use of these pesticides did not provide better benefits than the chemical counterpart.
Increasing the Number of Seats in the Island Council of the Public Entity of Bonaire: An Analysis if an Increasement of the Number of Seats in the Island Council Will Affect Good Governance Through Cumulation of Political Fragmentation
Authors: Cecilia Willem A.
Published: September 2022

In 2019 an advisory group recommended an increase in the number of seats of the island councils of the Dutch Public Entities in the Caribbean. The discussion is if one should fully jump from nine to nineteen seats after the elections of 2027 regarding the public entity of Bonaire or should this be built gradually from nine to thirteen, fifteen, seventeen and nineteen after every election cycle. A higher number of council member seats can drive political instability and fragmentation which is widely considered to be a major obstacle to economic development. The quality of governance has significant impact on economic growth. In this paper the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita is utilized to determine economic growth in relationship to the size of respectively a parliament, assembly and a council, to answer the research question if the size of the island council of the public entity of Bonaire, should be increased from nine to nineteen in 2027, or if this should be done in an incremental way to avoid cumulation of political fragmentation. Quantitative research involving analysis of several variables using accumulated data of the sizes of the parliaments, councils, and assemblies from different countries as the dependent variables, and the accumulated GDP per capita as the independent variable, will be conducted to test the nature of relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables true multiple regression, to answer the research question.