bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Gejala Kecanduan Game Online Menggunakan Metode Backward Chaining dan Certainty Factor Berbasis Web
Authors: Dewi Nabila Vita , Anraeni Siska , Manga Abdul Rachman
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui untuk membantu masyrakat yang mengalami kecanduan dengan melakukan diagnosa terhadap kecanduan yang dialaminya lalu menerapkan solusi yang diberikan untuk mengatasi masalah kecanduan yang di alaminya. Dari hasil kajian dan hasil penelitian maka penulis berasumsi bahwa Pengaruh game online telah memberikan dampak positif dan negatif bagi para pemain game online. Dampak positifnya adalah memberikan kesenangan dan hiburan bagi pemain game online serta mengasah kinerja otak yang dapat menciptakan strategi bermain untuk meraih kemenangan dan skor tertinggi. Dampak negatifnya adalah banyaknya waktu yang terbuang hanya karena bermain game, kesehatan mata pemain terganggu, psikologis pemain juga terganggu, banyaknya pengeluaran biaya internet dan mempengaruhi moral pemain game seperti berbicara kasar terhadap tim atau lawan main. Perlu adanya sebuah sistem untuk masyarakat yang dapat mengukur tingkat kecanduan para pemain game online. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Backward Chaining dan Certainty Factor. Dengan adanya sistem ini maka diharapkan agar memberikan kesadaran dan edukasi terhadap tingkatan level kecanduan yang dialami. Dengan menggunakan kedua metode tersebut dalam mendiagnosa kecanduan game diharapkan sistem mampu memberikan hasil yang sesuai.
Perancangan Aplikasi E-Ticketing dengan Model Arsitektur Microservice Menggunakan Kafka
Authors: Pradinata Awal , Belluano Poetri Lestari Lokapitasari , Azis Huzain
Published: January 2025

Arsitektur microservice memecah sistem yang kompleks dan besar menjadi serangkaian layanan kecil dan mandiri. Salah satu pola arsitektur yang umum digunakan adalah pendekatan event driven, yang memungkinkan komunikasi berbasis event antar layanan. Namun, pendekatan ini juga membawa risiko kehilangan data, yang dapat diatasi dengan pola orkestrasi menggunakan Apache Kafka sebagai message broker. Kafka menyediakan platform yang cocok untuk komunikasi event driven dengan kemampuannya dalam menyimpan, menerima, dan mengirim pesan secara asinkron. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun aplikasi e-ticketing berbasis web dengan menggunakan arsitektur microservice dan Kafka. Hasilnya adalah sebuah aplikasi e-ticketing yang menggunakan Kafka untuk komunikasi antar layanan, dengan implementasi lima topik untuk proses transaksi antar gate-ticketing-service dan gate-acl-service secara asinkron menggunakan Kafka sebagai media pengiriman event.
Penerapan Arsitektur Internet Of Things Untuk Monitoring Sawi Hijau Hidroponik.
Authors: Zam Aydil Akbar , Lokapitasari Poetri Lestari , Mubarak Syahrul
Published: January 2025

Masalah yang dihadapi pekebun hidroponik yaitu pemeliharaan tanaman hidroponik masih menggunakan tenaga pekebun untuk proses pemberian nutrisi serta menjaga sirkulasi air pada bidang hidroponik sehingga kurang efisien, karena pekebun tidak tahu kapan nilai kepekatan larutan nutrisi pada air mengalami kekurangan nutrisi serta kekurangan air sehinga dapat mengakibatkan tanaman menguning, layu dan pertumbuhan lambat. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan arsitektur Internet Of Things untuk sawi hijau hidroponik, di mana dengan memanfaatkan Internet Of Things maka pekebun dapat memonitoring dari jauh kondisi nilai kepekatan larutan nutrisi air dan tinggi air menggunakan tampilan antarmuka android. Dengan tahap identifikasi masalah, analisis kebutuhan sistem, rancangan sistem, dan pengujian sistem. Hasil yang diperoleh dari alat penerapan arsitektur Internet Of Things untuk sawi hijau hidroponik yaitu diperoleh tingkat kerberhasilannya 100% dari 7 kali jumlah skenario uji.
Implementasi Framework Flutter Pada Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Konsultasi Dokter Hewan
Authors: Kamil Muhammad , Belluano Poetri Lestari Lokapitasari , Ilmawan Lutfi Budi
Published: January 2025

Aplikasi konsultasi dokter hewan dirancang untuk memudahkan pemilik hewan dalam melakukan konsultasi atau mengajukan pertanyaan mengenai hewan peliharaan mereka tanpa harus langsung mendatangi dokter hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun aplikasi konsultasi dokter hewan dengan menggunakan metode Prototyping, sebuah pendekatan yang memungkinkan pembuatan model perangkat lunak sederhana untuk memberikan gambaran dasar kepada pengguna tentang program serta melakukan pengujian awal. Pembuatan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman dart dengan framework flutter yang memudahkan pembuatan aplikasi multiplatform. Melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 20 responden, yang terdiri dari pihak MW Vet Clinic dan pemilik hewan, menggunakan metode pengujian black box, diperoleh hasil bahwa indeks keseluruhan pada pengujian black box mencapai 82,5%. Hasil penelitian ini mencakup pembangunan aplikasi konsultasi dokter hewan berbasis Android yang dapat membantu MW Vet Clinic dalam melakukan konsultasi dengan pemilik hewan tanpa memerlukan kehadiran fisik di Vet Clinic.
Perbandingan Metode Naïve Bayes dan SVM dalam Analisis Sentimen Netizen Twitter Terhadap Isu Kemenkeu
Authors: Aqsa A. Anugrah , Irawati Irawati , Syafie Lukman
Published: January 2025

Pada awal bulan Maret 2023 Menkopolhukan, Bapak Mahfud MD menyampaikan bahwasanya adanya dugaan transaksi yang mencurigakan yang terjadi di Kemenkeu berdasarkan dari laporan temuan PPATK kepada Mahfud MD, sontak hal tersebut menjadi sorotan di berbagai media sosial salah satunya Twitter, beragam tweet yang dilontarkan oleh netizen di Twitter, ada yang memberikan tweet positif, negatif, dan juga netral. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode Naïve Bayes dan SVM dalam analisis sentimen netizen Twitter terhadap isu Kemenkeu. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sentimen netizen didominasi dengan sentimen negatif kemudian diikuti sentimen positif, dan terakhir sentimen netral. Hasil pengujian klasifikasi terhadap kedua metode tersebut didapatkan dari membagi secara acak dataset menjadi dua bagian yaitu data latih dan data uji dengan rasio 70:30. Setelah dilakukan pengujian ditemukan bahwa Naïve Bayes mendapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 71,7%, presisi sebesar 55,2%, recall sebesar 45,3%, dan f1-score sebesar 44,8%, sedangkan pada SVM mendapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 74%, presisi sebesar 87,8%, recall sebesar 49,1%, dan f1-score sebesar 49,8%.
Perancangan Sistem Pencarian dan Pemesanan Lahan Makam di Kota Makassar dengan Pendekatan Prototyping Model
Authors: Aswar Aswar , Atmajaya Dedy , Hasnawi Mardiyyah
Published: January 2025

Dalam konteks Kota Makassar, data penduduk dari tahun 2019 hingga 2022 sebesar 1.526.677; 1.545.373; 1.427.619; dan 1.432.189 dengan jumlah kematian berturut-turut sebesar 3.392; 4.572; 5.036; dan 4.313, berdasarkan Badan Pusat Statistik. Saat ini, TPU Pekuburan Islam Sudiang masih menggunakan metode manual untuk pemesanan lahan makam, yang memerlukan kehadiran fisik di lokasi pemakaman untuk proses pemesanan kepada pengelola. Dalam rangka mengatasi tantangan ini, diperlukan pengembangan sistem yang memungkinkan pencarian dan pemesanan lahan makam secara lebih efisien. Dalam upaya mengatasi masalah tersebut, pendekatan pengembangan model prototype digunakan untuk menciptakan perangkat lunak yang dapat disesuaikan dengan permintaan, kebutuhan, serta situasi atau kondisi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah implementasi sistem pencarian dan pemesanan lahan makam di Kota Makassar. Masyarakat diberikan kemampuan untuk mencari lahan makam yang tersedia, melakukan pemesanan, dan bahkan melakukan pembayaran secara daring melalui payment gateway. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan menggunakan blackbox testing, dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa baik tampilan antarmuka maupun fungsionalitas aplikasi memiliki nilai yang sangat baik, yaitu mencapai 100%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem telah berhasil dalam memberikan solusi yang efektif dan efisien bagi masyarakat Kota Makassar dalam mengurus urusan pemakaman.
Klasifikasi Kematangan Buah Lengkeng Menggunakan Metode Content Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Nazirah Aliyah , Belluano Poetri Lestari Lokapitasari , Kurniati Nia
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hasil klasifikasi kematangan buah lengkeng untuk membantu masyarakat dalam memilih buah lengkeng yang matang. Metode yang digunakan dalam menentukan kualitas buah lengkeng yaitu ekstraksi fitur Content Based Image Retrieval untuk mengklasifikasi kematangan buah lengkeng dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan data pada image retrieval, dan mengkategorikan citra berdasarkan fitur citra warna dengan tekstur buah. Metode yang digunakan untuk menghitung tingkat akurasi pada buah lengkeng dengan perhitungan jarak euclidean distance untuk mendapatkan nilai akurasi yaitu menghitung jarak kemiripan citra buah yang di uji untuk memperoleh hasil tingkat kematangan buah yang telah di uji. Dataset yang digunakan sebanyak 150 citra dan dibagi menjadi 2 data yaitu data latih dan data uji dengan 3 tingkat kematangan buah lengkeng yang dapat diketahui menggunakan teknik pencarian citra buah lengkeng muda, buah lengkeng setengah matang, dan buah lengkeng matang dengan metode CBIR untuk membedakan satu citra dengan citra yang lain dapat dilihat dari warna, tekstur, dan ukuran buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pencarian gambar yang didapatkan menampilkan 10 citra lengkeng dan hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai akurasi 98.63% dengan akurasi tertinggi 99.6% yang paling dekat dengan citra asli.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Benih Cabai Terbaik dengan Metode Weighted Product
Authors: Imada Anugerah , Anraeni Siska , Gaffar Andi widya mufila
Published: January 2025

Kenaikan harga cabai yang konsisten setiap tahunnya terutama saat perayaan seperti hari raya, sering kali menyebabkan kelangkaan dan peningkatan drastis dalam harga. Hal ini mendorong banyak petani, termasuk di Desa Buntu Pema, Kecamatan Curio, Kabupaten Enrekang, untuk menjadikan cabai sebagai hasil pertanian utama. Meskipun beragam jenis benih cabai digunakan oleh para petani, pemilihan bibit masih dilakukan secara manual, menyebabkan ketidaksesuaian dengan harapan pada saat panen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan metode Weighted Product sebagai sistem pendukung keputusan dalam pemilihan bibit cabai unggul. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data penilaian bibit cabai dengan kriteria potensi hasil, musim tanam, tekstur cabai, banyaknya ranting, dan ketahanan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini berhasil menerapkan metode Weighted Product untuk membantu petani dalam memilih bibit cabai unggul. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bahwa Cabai Lokal mendominasi peringkat tertinggi sebagai bibit yang paling unggul dengan nilai Vektor V sebesar 0,0606.
METODE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE UNTUK KLASIFIKASI DATA PENYAKIT HATI YANG IMBALANCE
Authors: Rahmah Nur , Purnawansyah Purnawansyah , Umar Fitriyani
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan klasifikasi penyakit hati menggunakan metode Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang diperoleh dari situs Kaggle dengan jumlah data sebanyak 582 sampel. Data tersebut terdiri dari 10 fitur yang digunakan sebagai variabel masukan SVM. Proses klasifikasi dilakukan dengan membagi data menjadi data training 70% dan data testing 30%. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan ialah dengan menggunakan metode support vector machine mampu melakukan klasifikasi data penyakit hati dengan hasil klasifikasi yang menunjukkan nilai 0 dan 1. Dimana nilai 0 menandakan bahwa pasien tersebut tidak mengidap penyakit hati dan nilai 1 menandakan bahwa pasien tersebut mengidap penyakit hati. Berdasarkan proses klasifikasi data penyakit hati yang telah dilakukan memperoleh nilai akurasi performansi yaitu 67,06%, dan berdasarkan proses visualisasi data yang telah dilakukan dalam proses pengklasifikasian data tersebut ditemukan ketidakseimbangan data penyakit hati. Ketidakseimbangan data yang peroleh dilakukan oversampling menggunakan metode SMOTE untuk menyeimbangkan data. Penelitian telah melakukan proses penyeimbangan data penyakit hati sehingga tenaga menis lebih terbantukan dalam mendeteksi penyakit hati yang diderita oleh pasien
Naive Bayes Classifier dan K-Nearest Neighbor pada Analisis Sentimen Perkuliahan Daring di Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Wati Silmi Nur Zaskia , Herman Herman , Darwis Herdianti
Published: January 2025

Pelaksanaan perkuliahan daring menggunakan KALAM di UMI banyak menuai kontroversi dikalangan mahasiswa. Banyak pendapat mahasiswa yang dikeluarkan terkait metode pembelajaran daring di UMI. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sentimen mahasiswa terkait perkuliahan daring di UMI dengan menggunakan algoritma Naïve Bayes Classifier dan K-Nearest Neighbor, serta menggabungkan berbagai metode seperti pelabelan dengan NLTK, pengujian dengan 5 cross validation, dan menggunakan unigram tokenizing. Beberapa teknik pelabelan digunakan pada penelitian ini dan menghasilkan tingkat keakuratan paling tinggi adalah pelabelan menggunakan NLTK dengan algoritma KNN dengan menggunakan SMOTE menghasilkan akurasi sebesar 100% dibandingkan dengan algoritma Naïve Bayes Classifier yang memiliki nilai akurasi sebesar 98.33%. Sehingga algoritma KNN dapat digunakan dengan baik pada pengklasifikasian sentimen mahasiswa terhadap perkuliahan daring di UMI.
Penerapan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process dalam Penentuan Kualitas Lipa' Le'leng Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Mansyur St. Hajrah , Marni Rini Alfia , As'ad Ihwana
Published: January 2025

Lipa’ Le’leng merupakan sarung adat khas Suku Ammatoa di Kajang, Kabupaten Bulukumba, yang memiliki nilai budaya dan ekonomi tinggi. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi dan meningkatnya minat pasar terhadap produk budaya, permintaan terhadap Lipa’ Le’leng semakin meningkat, termasuk dari masyarakat di luar komunitas Suku Kajang. Namun, ketiadaan standar kualitas baku dalam proses produksi menyebabkan variasi kualitas yang dapat memengaruhi kepuasan pelanggan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis web menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menentukan kualitas Lipa’ Le’leng berdasarkan empat kriteria utama, yaitu jenis benang, tingkat kepekatan warna, motif, dan pengkilapan. Sistem ini dikembangkan dengan model Extreme Programming (XP), yang menekankan fleksibilitas dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dikembangkan mampu mengolah data kriteria dengan metode AHP untuk memberikan rekomendasi kualitas kepada calon konsumen. Pengujian menggunakan metode Black Box Testing menunjukkan bahwa sistem berjalan sesuai spesifikasi yang diharapkan. Dengan adanya sistem ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan transparansi kualitas produk dan memberikan kemudahan bagi calon pembeli dalam menentukan pilihan berdasarkan standar yang lebih objektif.
Infiltrated: The Intricacies of Phlegmon in an Adult Male -A Case Report in Frontier Corps Teaching Hospital Peshawar
Authors:   Resident Radiology F C Teaching Hospital peshawar Pakistan, Mustansar Nayab , Ameer Khan Ashfa , Afsar Maimoona , Khan Shanzay , Gohar Haseena , Khan Bushra , Rehaman Asad ,   Resident Radiology F C Teaching Hospital peshawar Pakistan
Published: January 2025

Plegmon is an inflammatory mass that can result from various
infectious or inflammatory processes, often observed in the context
of acute appendicitis. This case report details a 37- year-old male
presenting with severe right iliac fossa (RIF) pain, nausea, and
vomiting, ultimately diagnosed with plegmon formation. The case
underscores the clinical relevance of differentiating plegmon from
other abdominal conditions, particularly acute appendicitis, and
discusses the pathophysiological transition from appendicitis to
plegmon.
Use of Ad Texts in Teaching Listening and Writing Skills
Authors: Kurt Akife , Göçer Ali
Published: January 2025

Ad text is an important information and persuasion tool. Advertising texts can be found in traditional or digital media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, e-mail, and social media. Advertising texts are not only a means of promoting a product or service, but also a means of conveying cultural and social messages. Elements such as text, icons, images, and music in the ad text complement each other and create a meaning. Combining these elements to attract the target audience's attention and effectively convey the message plays a critical role in the advertisement's success. Thus, it takes its place in the universe of meaning of the listener/viewer. Especially considering the increasing advertising intensity in the recent period when technology has developed, it is a fact that children are exposed to advertising messages. This situation further increases the importance of creating a critical perspective and media literacy skills. Ad text is a type of text that is used in both listening/monitoring and writing skills in the Turkish Curriculum (2019). This study aims to show that advertising texts can provide a theoretical framework for the acquisition of critical listening/watching and creative writing skills, based on the achievements in Turkish language lessons. In the study, theoretical information about the advertisement text was presented and activities suitable for listening/watching and writing skills were designed in the light of this information. As a result of the study, some suggestions were made for the effective and active use of advertising text in Turkish lessons.
Exercício físico como prevenção da cardiotoxicidade:
Authors: Kreischer Amanda , Alves Pereira Pitanga Natália , Correia da Silva Ramos Natália , De Oliveira Meirelles Frederico , Robert Moreira Beatriz
Published: January 2025

INTRODUÇÃO: O tratamento oncológico abrange o uso de drogas que podem levar à toxicidade cardíaca em indivíduos com doença cardiovascular prévia ou que possuam seus fatores de risco. O exercício físico tem sido aliado na prevenção e tratamento de doenças. No contexto da cardiotoxicidade, parece possuir relevância terapêutica para controle dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares, melhora da capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida. Este estudo busca investigar os benefícios do exercício físico em pacientes oncológicos e avaliar se a prática regular de exercícios pode prevenir a cardiotoxicidade. MÉTODO: Esta revisão seguiu recomendações por Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews. Utilizou-se Descritores em Ciências da Saúde e Medical Subject Headings somados ao operador booleano AND e OR. As buscas foram iniciadas nas seguintes bases de dados: PEDro, PubMed e ScienceDirect, utilizando as palavras-chaves em inglês “exercise”, “cardiotoxicity”, “heart failure”. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 107 artigos, quando aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram um total de 6 artigos incluídos no estudo. CONCLUSÃO: O exercício mostrou-se um forte aliado na cardioproteção, através de inúmeras adaptações fisiológicas que sugerem melhorar a função cardiovascular nos pacientes oncológicos, restabelecendo diversas variáveis, como débito cardíaco. Porém, seus mecanismos ainda não estão claros devido à falta de padronização de protocolos, seja do tipo, da intensidade e da duração, mostrando que são necessários mais estudos.
3D printed magnesium silicate/β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds promote coupled osteogenesis and angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Lulu , Shen Mingkui , Tang Zhongxin , Tan Jun , Li Kuankuan , Ma Haijun
Published: January 2025

Fabricating bone tissue engineering substitutes with functional activity remains a challenge for bone defect repair requiring coordinated coupling between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In this research, we evaluated and analyzed magnesium silicate/β-Tricalcium phosphate (MS/β-TCP) scaffold on angiogenesis and bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism of its action were described. Achieving magnesium and silicon ions sustained release, 3D printed MS/β-TCP scaffolds possessed appropriate mechanical properties and had excellent biocompatibility that was suitable for osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with proliferation, adhesion, and migration. Combined techniques of Transwell co-culture, we studied the effect of MS/β-TCP scaffold activated cell-level specific regulatory network, which promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 and the endothelial formation of HUVEC by significantly up-regulating the expression of related genes and proteins. In addition, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed MS/β-TCP scaffold plays a dual role in osteogenesis and angiogenesis by activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway, whereas the expression of genes and proteins associated with osteogenesis and angiogenesis was significantly downregulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was inhibited. Additionally, in vivo studies showed that MS/β-TCP scaffolds increased the growth of vascular and promoted the bone regeneration at the bone defect sites in rats. In summary, 3D printed MS/β-TCP scaffolds with effectively osteogenic and angiogenic induction will be an ideal bone substitute applied in bone defect repair for clinical application in the future.
Temporal and spatial characterization of keratinocytes supporting orf virus replication
Authors: Seung Byung-Joon , Khatiwada Sushil , Rock Daniel L. , Delhon Gustavo
Published: January 2025

Reflecting their tropism for keratinocytes, most poxviruses that infect vertebrates replicate to high titers and cause pathology in the skin. Keratinocytes, the main cells of the epidermis, are found in different stages of a differentiation program that produces the critical barrier against environmental damage. While systemic poxviruses (e.g. smallpox virus, sheeppox virus) also infect other cell types, the parapoxvirus orf virus (ORFV), which causes localized infections in sheep and goats, has not been shown to replicate in cells other than keratinocytes. Notably, ORFV infection only occurs after or concomitant with epidermal damage and the subsequent healing response and shows unexplained delayed virus replication in an uncharacterized keratinocyte subpopulation. Using in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, confocal microscopy, qPCR, and a full-thickness wound/infection model in sheep, the natural host, we show that during an initial 2-day eclipse phase viral transcription and viral DNA replication are not detected. Between days 2 and 3 pi, viral transcription is first detected in keratinocytes of the stratum granulosum and upper stratum spinosum in the proliferative zone at the wound margin. These cells are positive for cytokeratin 10, a suprabasal marker; cytokeratin 6, a protein induced during early repair responses; stratum granulosum markers filaggrin and loricrin; and negative for the nuclear proliferation marker Ki-67 and cytokeratin 14, a basal cell marker. This marker profile suggests that keratinocytes supportive of viral replication are engaged in advanced keratinocyte differentiation rather than proliferation.
Evaluating passive immunity in piglets from sows vaccinated with a PEDV S protein subunit vaccine
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Hu Guangli , Liu Shengjin , Ren Guangcai , Gao Liguo , Zhao Zhiqing , Geng Rui , Wang Dingli , Shen Xiao , Chen Feng , Shen Hanqin
Published: January 2025

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious virus that causes severe diarrhea and high mortality in neonatal piglets. Current control measures, such as inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines, have limitations in providing complete protection. In this study, we evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a PEDV S protein subunit vaccine compared to a traditional inactivated vaccine. Piglets and Sows were immunized with either the subunit vaccine or an inactivated vaccine, and serum samples were collected to assess IgG and neutralizing antibody levels. Results demonstrated that the S protein subunit vaccine induced significantly higher IgG and neutralizing antibody levels in both piglets and sows compared to the inactivated vaccine. Piglets born to immunized sows were challenged with a virulent PEDV strain. Piglets from the subunit vaccine group exhibited lower viral shedding, reduced clinical symptoms, and minimal intestinal lesions. These findings suggest that the PEDV S protein subunit vaccine provides enhanced immunity and protection against PEDV, making it a promising candidate for preventing PEDV infections in swine.
An updated overview on the bacterial PhoP/PhoQ two-component signal transduction system
Authors: Mao Meiqin , He Li , Yan Qingpi
Published: January 2025

The PhoP response regulator and the cognate sensor kinase PhoQ form one of the two-component signal transduction systems that is highly conserved in bacteria. The PhoP/PhoQ system is a crucial mediator of signal transduction. It regulates the expression of bacterial environmental tolerance genes, virulence factors, adhesion, and invasion-related genes by sensing various environmental signals in the host, including Mg2+, low pH, antimicrobial peptides, and osmotic pressure. In this review, we describe the PhoP/PhoQ system-induced signal composition and its feedback mechanism, and the abundance of PhoP phosphorylation in the activated state directly or indirectly controls the transcription and expression of related genes, regulating bacterial stability. Then, we discuss the relationship between the PhoP/PhoQ system and other components of the TCS system. Under the same induction conditions, their interaction relationship determines whether bacteria can quickly restore their homeostasis and exert virulence effects. Finally, we investigate the coordinated role of the PhoP/PhoQ system in acquiring pathogenic virulence.
Associations between left atrial indices and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness among physically active military personnel
Authors: Lin Yen-Chen , Liu Pang-Yen , Tsai Kun-Zhe , Huang Wei-Chun , Yu Wen-Chung , Sui Xuemei , Lavie Carl J. , Lin Gen-Min
Published: January 2025

Background

Left atrial (LA) size and function are linked to exercise intolerance in heart failure, while associations between LA parameters and exercise performance remain unclear in athletes.

Objectives

This study aimed to identify correlations between echocardiographic LA size, pressure, stiffness, and composite indices, and various exercise performance indicators.

Methods

Echocardiographic parameters were obtained from 181 physically active military personnel receiving regular training and tests for a 3-km run and 2 min of push-ups and sit-ups. The top 16% of runners were compared sex-specifically, with the remaining 84% as controls to identify LA discriminators for running capacity. LA composite indices were defined as the LA volume index (LAVI) divided by the stiffness index (LASI) or pressure index (mitral E/e′). Spearman correlations were used to identify LA correlates with exercise performance. Generalized linear regressions were used to identify LA predictors of exercise performance with adjustments for potential covariates.

Results

The top 16% of runners vs. controls had a lower LASI based on LA volume changes (LASI_v, 0.196 vs. 0.245, p = 0.013) and higher LAVI-to-LASI_v (12.30 vs. 8.08, p = 0.001) and LAVI-to-(mitral E/e′) (4.37 vs. 3.76, p = 0.038) ratios. The LAVI-to-LASI_v ratio was the most highly correlated shared LA parameter for running (|rho| = 0.403), push-up (rho = 0.335), and sit-up (rho = 0.352) performance. The LAVI-to-mitral E/e′ ratio was the most highly correlated, independent, and unique LA parameter for running (|rho| = 0.457) performance.

Conclusions

The LAVI-to-LASI_v ratio, comprising LA size and stiffness information, was the best correlate across exercise types, while the LAVI-to-mitral E/e′ ratio, comprising LA size and pressure information, was the best correlate of an endurance exercise, i.e., 3-km running performance.
Case Report: Surgery combined with extracorporeal membraneoxygenation for acute type A aortic dissection complicated with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Xia Jianming , Qiu Yan , Chang Shuo , Feng Ying , Zhang Heng , Wang Xiaoqi
Published: January 2025

Background

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most serious complications of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and markedly increases patient mortality. Simultaneous treatment strategies remain controversial. How to improve the treatment of these patients remains a critical challenge for cardiovascular surgeons.

Case presentation

All three patients who experienced chest pain were admitted to emergency department of our hospital. The 12-lead electrocardiogram revealed ST-segment depression, myocardial enzyme levels were significantly elevated. Emergency physicians diagnosed ATAAD with AMI, and emergency surgery was planned in collaboration with the cardiovascular surgery team. One-stage surgery for coronary revascularization and central aortic repair were performed, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was implanted, ECMO was discontinued when hemodynamics stabilized. The patient ultimately recovered well and was discharged.

Conclusion

For ATAAD combined with right ventricular AMI, one-stage surgery for coronary revascularization and central aortic repair, supported by ECMO as bridge, can be life-saving treatment strategy, the prognosis for all three patients was excellent.
Sex differences in cardiorespiratory control under hypoxia: the roles of oxygen desaturation and hypoxic exposure time
Authors: Oliveira André Luiz Musmanno Branco , Rodrigues Gabriel Dias , Silva Bruno Moreira , Rohan Philippe de Azeredo , Soares Pedro Paulo da Silva
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Males and females differ anatomically and functionally in cardiorespiratory regulation, with males tending to experience greater oxygen desaturation under hypoxia. Therefore, sex might moderate cardiorespiratory responses to acute hypoxia exposure. Accordingly, we hypothesized that sex differences in cardiovascular and ventilatory responses would be more pronounced with equal hypoxia duration (iso-time) but less pronounced at similar oxygen desaturation levels (iso-saturation).

Methods

Twenty-two (12 females) healthy individuals were exposed to normoxia (10 min at FiO2 = 0.21) and hypoxia (10 min at FiO2 = 0.115), respectively. Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), R-R intervals, cardiac output, blood pressure (BP), and ventilatory data were continuously recorded during spontaneous breathing. Spectral analysis of R-R intervals and systolic BP revealed cardiovascular autonomic modulation in the low- (LF; 0.04–0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF; 0.15–0.40 Hz) bands and alpha-index (α–LF) assessed spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Sex differences were compared in iso-saturation and iso-time analyses.

Results

At 10 min of hypoxia (iso-time), males desaturated more than females (interaction: p = 0.004), and hypoxia-induced tachycardia in both groups (p < 0.001), but no “sex-time” interaction was found for cardiovascular data. In contrast, only males responded with ventilatory responses during iso-time hypoxia, decreasing breathing frequency (interaction: p = 0.022) and increasing tidal volume (Vt) (interaction: p = 0.036). Otherwise, during iso-saturation (SpO2-matched ∼91%), heart rate and LF of R-R intervals increased more in females than in males (interaction: p = 0.049). However, only males increased Vt (interaction; p = 0.037).

Conclusion

Our data indicate that females counterbalance hypoxia mainly by systemic circulatory adjustments, while males use both, circulatory and ventilatory adjustments.
Electronics packaging materials and component-level degradation monitoring
Authors: Inamdar Adwait , Van Driel Willem D. , Zhang GuoQi
Published: January 2025

Electronic components are complex systems consisting of a combination of different materials, which undergo degenerative changes over time following the second law of thermodynamics. The loss of their quality or functionality is reflected in degraded performance or behaviour of electronic components, which can lead to failures during their operation lifetime. Thus, it is crucial to understand the physics of material degradation and the factors causing it to ensure component reliability. This paper focuses on the physics-of-degradation of packaging materials, which are typically exposed the most to the environmental and operating loads. The content of this article is organised into three parts. First, an overview of the packaging technology and encapsulating materials is presented. Then, the most common degradation-causing factors and package-associated failure modes are reviewed. Lastly, the hardware requirements are discussed, including specialised sensors, measurement techniques, and Digital Twins, to capture the degradation effects and facilitate component-level health monitoring for microelectronics.
Impact of strict IGF1 control on quality-of-life scores in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Gandhi Chaitanya , Denis Marie-Claire , Holmes Daniel , Rivera Juan , van Uum Stan , Ezzat Shereen , Chik Constance
Published: January 2025

Objective

Examine, in a real-world setting, whether strict normalization of modestly elevated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) results in clinical and health-related quality of life benefits in patients with acromegaly using an open-label, non-randomized, 6-month prospective interventional study.

Methods

In patients with acromegaly and modest IGF1 elevation, strict IGF1 control was achieved by addition or dose escalation of pegvisomant. Clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline, 1 and 3 months for pegvisomant dose titration, and at 6 months. The Patient-Assessed Acromegaly Symptom Questionnaire (PASQ), the Acromegaly Quality of Life questionnaire (AcroQoL) and the Acromegaly Disease Activity Tool (ACRODAT®) were completed at baseline and at 6 months.

Results

Ten patients (8 males) with mean age of 50.7 years participated in the study. All patients had a macroadenoma and nine had prior transsphenoidal surgeries. At time of screening, six patients were on a somatostatin analog, two on pegvisomant, and two on pegvisomant and a somatostatin analog. After six months of dose escalation or the addition of pegvisomant, IGF1 decreased from 1.22 ± 0.14 to 0.87 ± 0.20 times the upper limit of normal (p=0.001). PASQ score decreased by 3.5 (p=0.02) and the ACRODAT® overall status decreased by 50.5 (p=0.001); however, there was no difference in the AcroQoL score. Hemoglobin A1c and liver enzymes did not differ and repeat MRI of the sella at 6 months showed no change.

Conclusions

In this pilot study, stricter control of modest IGF1 elevations led to symptomatic improvement as measured by the PASQ score. These findings prompt larger prospective trials.
Does intelligent manufacturing promote a breakthrough in green innovation? Evidence from China
Authors: Dong Xiangshu , Du Yongjiao , Zhao Mengchao , Xiao Xiang
Published: January 2025

Breakthroughs in green innovation (BGI) have become increasingly prominent in spearheading green technology, while intelligent manufacturing (IM) offers a fresh technical paradigm for the manufacturing industry’ green development. Yet, due to the limitations in measuring BGI, existing research on IM and BGI has been ignored. By devising a ground-breaking approach to BGI, this paper takes the IM pilot demonstration projects as an ideal quasi-natural experiment and investigates the influence of IM on BGI. Our findings indicate that IM can effectively enhance BGI which are further validated by a series of rigorous examinations. Further mechanism analysis reveals that crowding-in R&D resources, strengthening green open innovation, and alleviating agency conflict play potential pathways in bridging the nexus between IM and BGI. A heterogeneity analysis highlights that IM has the potential to disrupt the technological path dependency observed in high-pollution and high-energy consumption industries. Further research suggests that IM can form a joint effect with environmental regulations to promote BGI. BGI driven by IM can also improve both the firm’s economic and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, leading to a “win-win” scenario for economic performance and green development. Our study confirms that promoting IM in emerging countries is indispensable for enhancing BGI, which serves as the new impetus for green development.
Molecular genetic analysis of Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome in Russian patients
Authors: Ismagilova Olga R. , Adyan Tagui A. , Beskorovainaya Tatiana S. , Polyakov Alexander V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is one of the many forms of syndromic intellectual disability, occurring in the population with a frequency of 1: 100–125 thousand newborns. The specific phenotype of patients enables the so-called “portrait” diagnosis of classical cases of RSTS, followed by the analysis of the CREBBP and EP300 genes, whose association with RSTS has been confirmed. Nevertheless, for approximately half of the patients in various cohorts, the diagnosis cannot be confirmed.

Methods

In this paper we present the results of a study of 158 Russian patients referred for molecular diagnosis of RSTS using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Results

Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were identified in 67 patients (42.4%), of which 62 (39%) were in CREBBP and 4 cases (2%)—in EP300. In one case, a known pathogenic variant in SRCAP, associated with Floating–Harbor syndrome (FHS), which is phenotypically similar to RSTS, was also identified; therefore, the possibilities and prospects for differential diagnosis were considered.
Moderate regular physical exercise can help in alleviating the systemic impact of schistosomiasis infection on brain cognitive function
Authors: Berkiks Inssaf , Abdel Aziz Nada , Moses Blessing , Brombacher Tiroyaone , Brombacher Frank
Published: January 2025

One of the major consequences of schistosomiasis is its impact on brain function, and despite its severity, the underlying mechanism(s) remain inadequately understood, highlighting a knowledge gap in the disease. The symptoms can vary from headaches to profound cognitive impairment. Besides, the potential influence of physical exercise in mitigating cognitive deficits has received little attention. In our study, we utilized a murine model of Schistosoma mansoni infection to investigate the cognitive impact of schistosomiasis. Our aims were multifaceted: to pinpoint the specific cognitive domains affected during the infection in adult mice, to unravel the complex interplay between glial and immune cells within the central nervous system (CNS), and crucially, to explore the potential therapeutic role of regular physical exercise in counteracting the deleterious effects of schistosomiasis on the CNS. Our findings unveiled that while acute infection did not disrupt simple and complex learning or spatial reference memory, it did induce significant deficits in recall memory—a critical aspect of cognitive function. Furthermore, our investigation unearthed profound alterations in the immune and glial cell populations within the CNS. Notably, we observed marked changes in CD4+ T cells and eosinophils in the meninges, as well as alterations in glial cell dynamics within the hippocampus and other brain regions. These alterations were characterized by heightened microglial activation, diminished astrocyte reactivity and a shift towards a proinflammatory milieu within the CNS. We also provided insights into the transformative potential of regular moderate physical exercise in partially alleviating cognitive and neuroinflammatory consequences of schistosomiasis. Remarkably, exercise decreased glial cell production of TNFα, suggesting a shift towards a less pro-inflammatory environment. Collectively, our study provided compelling evidence of the intricate interplay between schistosomiasis infection and cognitive function, underscoring the critical need for further exploration in this area. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated the positive effects of physical activities on mitigating the cognitive burden of schistosomiasis, offering new hope for patients afflicted by this debilitating disease.
Gene prediction of immune cells association between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhong Yan , Chen Guanglei , Chen Menglu , Cui Junsong , Tan Qianren , Xiao Zhenghua
Published: January 2025

Background

An increasing number of studies have revealed that gut microbiota influences the development and progression of Colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether a causal relationship exists between the two remains unclear, and the role of immune cells in this context is not well understood.

Objective

To elucidate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CRC and to explore the potential mediating role of circulating immune cells.

Materials and methods

To analyze the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CRC, we employed a univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) approach. Subsequently, a two-step multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to assess the potential mediating role of circulating immune cells. Primarily, applied the Inverse-Variance Weighted method to evaluate the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. To ensure the robustness of the results linking gut microbiota and CRC, we validated the findings using Robust Inverse-Variance Weighted, Penalized Inverse-Variance Weighted, and Penalized Robust Inverse-Variance Weighted methods. Additionally, we employed MR-Egger Intercept to mitigate the influence of horizontal pleiotropy. MR-PRESSO was used to detect and correct outliers by excluding anomalous instrumental variables. Finally, we supplemented our analysis with methods such as Bayesian Weighted Mendelian Randomization (BWMR), Maximum-Likelihood, Lasso, Debiased Inverse Variance Weighted, and Contamination Mixture to establish a robust and compelling causal relationship.

Results

After accounting for reverse causality, horizontal pleiotropy, and various methodological corrections, Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense, GCA-900066755 sp900066755, Geminocystis, and Saccharofermentanaceae exhibited strong and robust causal effects on CRC. Specifically, CD40 on monocytes (2.82%) and CD45 on CD33+HLA-DR+CD14- cells (12.87%) mediated the causal relationship between Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense and CRC risk. Furthermore, CD45 on CD33-HLA-DR+ (3.94%) mediated the causal relationship between GCA-900066755 sp900066755 and CRC risk. Additionally, terminally differentiated CD4+T cells (11.55%) mediated the causal relationship between Geminocystis and CRC risk. Lastly, CD40 on monocytes (2.35%), central memory CD4+T cells (5.76%), and CD28 on CD28+CD45RA+CD8+T cells (5.00%) mediated the causal relationship between Saccharofermentanaceae and CRC risk.

Conclusion

Our mediation MR analysis provides genetic evidence suggesting that circulating immune cells may mediate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CRC. The identified associations and mediation effects offer new insights into potential therapeutic avenues for CRC.
Next-generation sequencing and immuno-informatics for designing a multi-epitope vaccine against HSV-1-induced uveitis
Authors: Cao He , Cao Zhi , Han Yue , Shan Jing
Published: January 2025

Background

Uveitis, characterized by intraocular inflammation, poses significant clinical challenges, often leading to vision impairment or blindness. Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a major cause of virus-induced uveitis. This study aims to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine targeting HSV-1 glycoproteins B, C, D, H, and L using an immuno-informatics approach, which are essential for viral entry and pathogenesis.

Methods

The study identified epitopes for CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells within the target glycoproteins. These epitopes were systematically evaluated for conservancy, immunogenicity, non-allergenicity, non-glycosylated regions, and binding affinities. A multi-epitope construct was designed, incorporating these epitopes along with an adjuvant, a PADRE sequence, and suitable linkers. In-silico immune simulations were performed to evaluate the vaccine’s potential to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Molecular docking simulations assessed the binding interactions between the multi-epitope vaccine and Toll-like receptor (TLR-9).

Results

The selected epitopes demonstrated high conservancy, immunogenicity, and non-allergenicity. The multi-epitope construct effectively activated cytokine production, immunoglobulin secretion, and T cell responses in in-silico immune simulations. Molecular docking simulations showed strong binding interactions between the vaccine and TLR-9, suggesting enhanced antigen presentation capabilities.

Conclusion

This comprehensive immuno-informatics approach provides a precision immunotherapy strategy for uveitis by leveraging computational modeling and predictive analytics to design a multi-epitope vaccine for HSV-1. The in-silico results indicate the vaccine’s potential efficacy in activating immune responses. Future experimental validation and clinical studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of this proposed vaccine in managing uveitis and preserving vision.
Case report: Novel multi-exon homozygous deletion of ZBTB24 causes immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome 2
Authors: Long Yan , Wang Chenghan , Xiao Jie , Huang Yunhua , Ling Xiaoting , Huang Chaoyu , Chen Ying , Luo Jiaqi , Tang Rongheng , Lin Faquan , Huang Yifang
Published: January 2025

Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome (ICF) is a rare genetic disease characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, T cell immune deficiency with age, pericentromeric hypomethylation, facial abnormalities, and intellectual disability. This study aimed to investigate the phenotype and immune function of a girl with ICF2, identify her genetic defect, and explore the potential pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. We identified a homologous deletion mutation in this girl, which involves exons 1-5 and part of introns 1 and 6 of the ZBTB24 gene (NG_029388.1: g.2831_18,995del). This ZBTB24 variant produces a severely truncated ZBTB24 protein that lacks the BTB, A-T hook and eight zinc fingers. The above changes may lead to abnormal transcriptional function of the ZBTB24 protein. Karyotype analysis showed fragile sites and entire arm deletions were detected on chromosomes 1 and 16 and triradials on chromosome 16. The novel multi-exon deletion of ZBTB24 causes immunodeficiency, severe pneumonia and centromeric instability in the patient. During the follow-up, the patient’s pneumonia continued to progress despite receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement and anti-infective therapy. These results indicated that this novel multi-exon deletion variant of ZBTB24 may be the genetic etiology of ICF2. The discovery of this novel mutation expands the mutation spectrum of the ZBTB24 gene and improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ICF.