bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of the oncogene lncRNA NEAT1 restores the availability of miR-34c and improves the sensitivity to cisplatin in osteosarcoma
Authors: Hu Yuliang , Yang Qiuyong , Wang Long , Wang Shuo , Sun Fei , Xu Dong , Jiang Jian
Published: April 2018

Aberrant expressions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the culprits of carcinogenesis via regulating the tumor suppressor or oncogene. LncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been identified to be an oncogene to promote tumor growth and metastasis of many cancers. However, the clinical significance and function of NEAT1 in osteosarcoma (OS) remain to be discovered. We here collected OS tissues (n=40) and adjacent non-tumor tissues (n=20) to determine the expression of NEAT1 and its clinical significance. NEAT1 was overexpressed in OS tissues, which positively correlated with tumor size, Enneking stage, and distant metastasis of OS patients. The elevated level of NEAT1 was confirmed in OS cell lines including MG63 and HOS in vitro. Knockdown of NEAT1 by two siRNAs induced impaired cell vitalities, promoted the apoptosis, and G0/G1 arrest in two cell lines, which was associated with inhibited anti-apoptosis signals BCL-2 pathway and cell cycle-related cyclin D1 (CCND1) signals. Moreover, the tumor suppressor miR-34c was negatively regulated and inhibited by NEAT1 in OS. Suppression of miR-34c could up-regulate the expressions of its target genes BCL-2 and CCND1 to antagonize the effects of NEAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, overexpressed NEAT1 reduced the sensitivity of cisplatin (DDP) and inhibited DDP-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via miR-34c. The results in vivo also confirmed that knockdown of NEAT1 sensitized the OS cells to DPP-induced tumor regression, delayed the tumor growth with reduced levels of Ki-67, BCL-2, and cyclin D1 signals, suggesting that NEAT1 is an oncogene and chemotherapy resistant factor in OS.
Effect of energy allocation in dual‐hop communication systems with DF protocol
Authors: Cho W.
Published: April 2018

Relay communication has been receiving considerable attention for its advantage of extension in communication coverage and enhancement of communication performance. In this Letter, the author studied the performance of dual‐hop communication systems with a decode‐and‐forward protocol. The author first analyses the performance of dual‐hop communication systems with various modulation schemes. Then, the author found the optimum energy allocation depending on the relay location for each modulation scheme. Finally, the performance of dual‐hop communication systems with equal energy allocation and optimum energy allocation was compared.
Detection of vowel onset and offset points using non‐local similarity between DWT approximation coefficients
Authors: Kumar A. , Pradhan G.
Published: April 2018

In a given speech signal, transition at the vowel offset points (VEPs) is quite different when compared to the vowel onset points (VOPs). Consequently, most of the features reported for the detection of VOPs fail to detect VEPs. To address this issue, a front‐end speech parametrisation approach is proposed for simultaneously detecting VOPs and VEPs. In the proposed approach, first energy due to the high‐frequency unvoiced sound units is suppressed by using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Then, weight values (WVs) are assigned to each of the sample points by computing similarity between the analysis frames within a search neighbourhood using non‐local means (NLM) estimation. The WVs computed from the NLM are significantly less when the frames under consideration are similar in comparison to the dissimilar ones. Since vowels are longer regions and exhibit periodicity, there will be more similarity in the case of frames belonging to these regions. In this work, this aspect of the WVs is used as a feature for detecting VOPs and VEPs. The proposed feature is observed to outperform the earlier reported features for the task of detecting VOPs as well as VEPs. The improvement observed in the detection accuracy of VEPs is significant.
On non-uniqueness and uniqueness of solutions in finite-horizon Mean Field Games
Authors: Bardi Martino , Fischer Markus
Published: April 2018

This paper presents a class of evolutive Mean Field Games with multiple solutions for all time horizonsTand convex but non-smooth HamiltonianH, as well as for smoothHandTlarge enough. The phenomenon is analysed in both the PDE and the probabilistic setting. The examples are compared with the current theory about uniqueness of solutions. In particular, a new result on uniqueness for the MFG PDEs with small data,e.g., smallT, is proved. Some results are also extended to MFGs with two populations.
Inelastic hyperspectral lidar for aquatic ecosystems monitoring and landscape plant scanning test
Authors: Zhao Guangyu , Malmqvist Elin , Rydhmer Klas , Strand Alfred , Bianco Giuseppe , Hansson Lars-Anders , Svanberg Sune , Brydegaard Mikkel
Published: April 2018

We have developed an aquatic inelastic hyperspectral lidar with unrestricted focal-depth and enough sensitivity and spatio-temporal resolution to detect and resolve position and behavior of individual sub-millimeter aquatic organisms. We demonstrate ranging with monitoring of elastic echoes, water Raman signals and fluorescence from chlorophyllbearing phytoplankton and dye tagged organisms. The system is based on a blue CW diode laser and a Scheimpflug optical arrangement.
Development of an advanced Two-Micron triple-pulse IPDA lidar for carbon dioxide and water vapor measurements
Authors: Petros Mulugeta , Refaat Tamer F. , Singh Upendra N. , Yu Jirong , Antill Charles , Remus Ruben , Taylor Bryant D. , Wong Teh-Hwa , Reithmaier Karl , Lee Jane , Ismail Syed , Davis Kenneth J
Published: April 2018

An advanced airborne triple-pulse 2-μm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar is under development at NASA Langley Research Center that targets both carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) measurements simultaneously and independently. This lidar is an upgrade to the successfully demonstrated CO2 2-μm double-pulse IPDA. Upgrades include high-energy, highrepetition rate 2-μm triple-pulse laser transmitter, innovative wavelength control and advanced HgCdTe (MCT) electron-initiated avalanche photodiode detection system. Ground testing and airborne validation plans are presented.
Space- and time-resolved raman and breakdown spectroscopy: advanced lidar techniques
Authors: Silviu Gurlui , Marius Mihai Cazacu , Adrian Timofte , Oana Rusu , Georgiana Bulai , Dimitriu Dan
Published: April 2018

DARLIOES - the advanced LIDAR is based on space- and time-resolved RAMAN and breakdown spectroscopy, to investigate chemical and toxic compounds, their kinetics and physical properties at high temporal (2 ns) and spatial (1 cm) resolution. The high spatial and temporal resolution are needed to resolve a large variety of chemical troposphere compounds, emissions from aircraft, the self-organization space charges induced light phenomena, temperature and humidity profiles, ice nucleation, etc.
Earlinet validation of CATS L2 product
Authors: Proestakis Emmanouil , Amiridis Vassilis , Kottas Michael , Marinou Eleni , Binietoglou Ioannis , Ansmann Albert , Wandinger Ulla , Yorks John , Nowottnick Edward , Makhmudov Abduvosit , Papayannis Alexandros , Pietruczuk Aleksander , Gialitaki Anna , Apituley Arnoud , Muñoz-Porcar Constantino , Bortoli Daniele , Dionisi Davide , Althausen Dietrich , Mamali Dimitra , Balis Dimitris , Nicolae Doina , Tetoni Eleni , Luigi Liberti Gian , Baars Holger , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Voudouri Kalliopi-Artemis , Mona Lucia , Mylonaki Maria , Rita Perrone Maria , João Costa Maria , Sicard Michael , Papagiannopoulos Nikolaos , Siomos Nikolaos , Burlizzi Pasquale , Engelmann Ronny , Abdullaev Sabur F. , Hofer Julian , Pappalardo Gelsomina
Published: April 2018

The Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) onboard the International Space Station (ISS), is a lidar system providing vertically resolved aerosol and cloud profiles since February 2015. In this study, the CATS aerosol product is validated against the aerosol profiles provided by the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET). This validation activity is based on collocated CATS-EARLINET measurements and the comparison of the particle backscatter coefficient at 1064nm.
EarthCARE Aerosol and Cloud Layer and Column Products
Authors: Wandinger Ulla , Hünerbein Anja , Horn Stefan , Schneider Florian , Donovan David , van Zadelhoff Gerd-Jan , Daou David , Docter Nicole , Fischer Jürgen , Filipitsch Florian
Published: April 2018

We introduce the development of EarthCARE Level 2 layer products derived from profile measurements of the high-spectral-resolution lidar ATLID and column products obtained from combined information of ATLID and the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI). Layer products include cloud top height as well as aerosol layer boundaries and mean optical properties along the satellite nadir track. Synergistic column products comprise cloud top height, Ångström exponent, and aerosol type both along-track and across the MSI swath.
Operational use of spaceborne lidar datasets
Authors: Marenco Franco , Halloran Gemma , Forsythe Mary
Published: April 2018

The Met Office plans to use space lidar datasets from CALIPSO, CATS, Aeolus and EarthCARE operationally in near real time (NRT), for the detection of aerosols. The first step is the development of NRT imagery for nowcasting of volcanic events, air quality, and mineral dust episodes. Model verification and possibly assimilation will be explored. Assimilation trials of Aeolus winds are also planned. Here we will present our first in-house imagery and our operational requirements.
Technology Advancements for Active Remote Sensing of Carbon Dioxide from Space using the Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons (ASCENDS) CarbonHawk Experiment Simulator
Authors: Obland Michael D. , Campbell Joel , Kooi Susan , Fan Tai-Fang , Carrion William , Hicks Jonathan , Lin Bing , Nehrir Amin R. , Browell Edward V. , Meadows Byron , Davis Kenneth J.
Published: April 2018

This work describes advances in critical lidar technologies and techniques developed as part of the NASA Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons CarbonHawk Experiment Simulator system for measuring atmospheric column carbon dioxide (CO2) mixing ratios. This work provides an overview of these technologies and results from recent test flights during the NASA Atmospheric Carbon and Transport – America (ACT-America) Earth Venture Suborbital summer 2016 flight campaign.
Extinction measurements with low-power hsrl systems—error limits
Authors: Eloranta Ed
Published: April 2018

HSRL measurements of extinction are more difficult than backscatter measurements. This is particularly true for low-power, eye-safe systems. This paper looks at error sources that currently provide an error limit of ~10-5 m-1 for boundary layer extinction measurements made with University of Wisconsin HSRL systems. These eye-safe systems typically use ~300mW transmitters and 40 cm diameter receivers with a 10-4 radian field-of-view.
Monitoring of dispersed smoke-plume layers by determining locations of the data-point clusters
Authors: Kovalev Vladimir , Wold Cyle , Petkov Alexander , Min Hao Wei
Published: April 2018

A modified data-processing technique of the signals recorded by zenith-directed lidar, which operates in smoke-polluted atmosphere, is discussed. The technique is based on simple transformations of the lidar backscatter signal and the determination of the spatial location of the data point clusters.

The technique allows more reliable detection of the location of dispersed smoke layering. Examples of typical results obtained with lidar in a smokepolluted atmosphere are presented.
Lower-free tropospheric ozone dial measurements over Athens, Greece
Authors: Mytilinaios Michail , Papayannis Alexandros , Tsaknakis Georgios
Published: April 2018

A compact ozone differential absorption lidar (DIAL) was implemented at the Laboratory of Laser Remote Sensing of the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), in Athens, Greece. The DIAL system is based on a Nd:YAG laser emitting at 266 nm. A high-pressure Raman cell, filled with D2, was used to generate the λON and λOFF laser wavelength pairs (i.e., 266-289 nm and 289-316 nm, respectively) based on the Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) effect. The system was run during daytime and nighttime conditions to obtain the vertical profile of tropospheric ozone in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and the adjacent free troposphere.
Feasibility study to measure HDO/H2O atmospheric profiles through a raman lidar
Authors: Liberti Gian Luigi , Dionisi Davide , Cheruy Frederique , Risi Camille
Published: April 2018

The Raman lidar technique as currently applied for the retrieval of WV mixing ratio profiles allows, in theory, to estimate HDO/H2O atmospheric profiles. The objective of this study is to develop a lidar simulator and to study the feasibility of the groundbased Raman lidar HDO measurement. Thus, the characteristics of a realistic lidar system for the estimation of HDO/H2O atmospheric profiles are investigated through a set of numerical simulations.
Refurbishment of durban fixed ukzn lidar for atmospheric studies – current status
Authors: Sivakumar Venkataraman
Published: April 2018

The fixed LIDAR system at University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) in Durban was installed in 1999 and operated until 2004. In 2004, the system was relocated and operation closed due to various technical and instrument problems. The restructuring of the LIDAR system was initiated in 2013 and it is now used to measure vertical aerosol profiles in the height range 03-25 km. Here, we describe the present system in detail, including technical specifications and results obtained from a recent LIDAR calibration campaign.
Boundary layer temperature measurements of a noctual urban boundary layer
Authors: Holloway Simon , Ricketts Hugo , Vaughan Geraint
Published: April 2018

A low-power lidar system based in Manchester, United Kingdom has been developed to measure temperature profiles in the nocturnal urban boundary layer. The lidar transmitter uses a 355nm diode-pumped solid state Nd:YAG laser and two narrow-band interference filters in the receiver filter out rotational Raman lines that are dependent on temperature. The spectral response of the lidar is calibrated using a monochromator. Temperature profiles measured by the system are calibrated by comparison to co-located radiosondes.
Shipborne wind measurement and motion-induced error correction by coherent doppler lidar over yellow sea in 2014
Authors: Zhai Xiaochun , Wu Songhua , Liu Bingyi , Song Xiaoquan
Published: April 2018

Shipborne wind observations by the Coherent Doppler Lidar (CDL) during the 2014 Yellow Sea campaign are presented to study the structure of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL). This paper gives an analysis of the correction for horizontal and vertical wind measurement, demonstrating that the combination of the CDL with the attitude correction system enables the retrieval of wind profiles in the MABL during both anchored and cruising measurement with satisfied statistical uncertainties.
Mixed layer depths via Doppler lidar during low-level jet events
Authors: Carroll Brian , Demoz Belay , Bonin Timothy , Delgado Ruben
Published: April 2018

A low-level jet (LLJ) is a prominent wind speed peak in the lower troposphere. Nocturnal LLJs have been shown to transport and mix atmospheric constituents from the residual layer down to the surface, breaching quiescent nocturnal conditions due to high wind shear. A new fuzzy logic algorithm combining turbulence and aerosol information from Doppler lidar scans can resolve the strength and depth of this mixing below the jet. Conclusions will be drawn about LLJ relations to turbulence and mixing.
Active sensor synergy for arctic cloud microphysics
Authors: Sato Kaori , Okamoto Hajime , Katagiri Shuichiro , Shiobara Masataka , Yabuki Masanori , Takano Toshiaki
Published: April 2018

In this study, we focus on the retrieval of liquid and ice-phase cloud microphysics from spaceborne and ground-based lidar-cloud radar synergy. As an application of the cloud retrieval algorithm developed for the EarthCARE satellite mission (JAXA-ESA) [1], the derived statistics of cloud microphysical properties in high latitudes and their relation to the Arctic climate are investigated.
Aerosol absorption profiling from the synergy of lidar and sun-photometry: the ACTRIS-2 campaigns in Germany, Greece and Cyprus
Authors: Tsekeri Alexandra , Amiridis Vassilis , Lopatin Anton , Marinou Eleni , Giannakaki Eleni , Pikridas Michael , Sciare Jean , Liakakou Eleni , Gerasopoulos Evangelos , Duesing Sebastian , Corbin Joel C. , Gysel Martin , Bukowiecki Nicolas , Baars Holger , Engelmann Ronny , Wehner Birgit , Kottas Michael , Mamali Dimitra , Kokkalis Panagiotis , Raptis Panagiotis I. , Stavroulas Iasonas , Keleshis Christos , Müller Detlef , Solomos Stavros , Binietoglou Ioannis , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos , Papayannis Alexandros , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Igloffstein Julia , Wandinger Ulla , Ansmann Albert , Dubovik Oleg , Goloub Philippe
Published: April 2018

Aerosol absorption profiling is crucial for radiative transfer calculations and climate modelling. Here, we utilize the synergy of lidar with sun-photometer measurements to derive the absorption coefficient and single scattering albedo profiles during the ACTRIS-2 campaigns held in Germany, Greece and Cyprus. The remote sensing techniques are compared with in situ measurements in order to harmonize and validate the different methodologies and reduce the absorption profiling uncertainties.
Multi-sensor measurements of mixed-phase clouds above Greenland
Authors: Stillwell Robert A. , Shupe Matthew D. , Thayer Jeffrey P. , Neely Ryan R. , Turner David D.
Published: April 2018

Liquid-only and mixed-phase clouds in the Arctic strongly affect the regional surface energy and ice mass budgets, yet much remains unknown about the nature of these clouds due to the lack of intensive measurements. Lidar measurements of these clouds are challenged by very large signal dynamic range, which makes even seemingly simple tasks, such as thermodynamic phase classification, difficult. This work focuses on a set of measurements made by the Clouds Aerosol Polarization and Backscatter Lidar at Summit, Greenland and its retrieval algorithms, which use both analog and photon counting as well as orthogonal and non-orthogonal polarization retrievals to extend dynamic range and improve overall measurement quality and quantity. Presented here is an algorithm for cloud parameter retrievals that leverages enhanced dynamic range retrievals to classify mixed-phase clouds. This best guess retrieval is compared to co-located instruments for validation.
Temperature inter-comparison effort in the framework of Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment – Special Observation Period (HyMeX-SOP1)
Authors: De Rosa Benedetto , Di Girolamo Paolo , Summa Donato , Flamant Cyrille , Bousquet Olivier , Cacciani Marco , Stelitano Dario
Published: April 2018

Accurate measurements of the vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature are necessary to advance the knowledge of dynamics-thermodynamicsradiative interaction mechanisms triggering convection, and ultimately improve weather forecasting capabilities. Comprehensive intercomparisons between different remote sensing and in-situ sensors have to be carried for the purpose of obtaining accurate error estimates for these sensors. This paper reports results obtained in the frame of the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment – Special Observation Period (HyMeX-SOP1).
The analysis of a complex fire event using multispaceborne observations
Authors: Andrei Simona , Carstea Emil , Marmureanu Luminita , Ene Dragos , Binietoglou Ioannis , Nicolae Doina , Konsta Dimitra , Amiridis Vassilis , Proestakis Emmanouil
Published: April 2018

This study documents a complex fire event that occurred on October 2016, in Middle East belligerent area. Two fire outbreaks were detected by different spacecraft monitoring instruments on board of TERRA, CALIPSO and AURA Earth Observation missions. Link with local weather conditions was examined using ERA Interim Reanalysis and CAMS datasets. The detection of the event by multiple sensors enabled a detailed characterization of fires and the comparison with different observational data.
PollyNET - an emerging network of automated raman-polarizarion lidars for continuous aerosolprofiling
Authors: Baars Holger , Althausen Dietrich , Engelmann Ronny , Heese Birgit , Ansmann Albert , Wandinger Ulla , Hofer Julian , Skupin Annett , Komppula Mika , Giannakaki Eleni , Filioglou Maria , Bortoli Daniele , Silva Ana Maria , Pereira Sergio , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Kumala Wojciech , Szczepanik Dominika , Amiridis Vassilis , Marinou Eleni , Kottas Michail , Mattis Ina , Müller Gerhard
Published: April 2018

PollyNET is a network of portable, automated, and continuously measuring Ramanpolarization lidars of type Polly operated by several institutes worldwide. The data from permanent and temporary measurements sites are automatically processed in terms of optical aerosol profiles and displayed in near-real time at polly.tropos.de. According to current schedules, the network will grow by 3-4 systems during the upcoming 2-3 years and will then comprise 11 permanent stations and 2 mobile platforms.
Earlinet database: new design and new products for a wider use of aerosol lidar data
Authors: Mona Lucia , D’Amico Giuseppe , Amato Francesco , Linné Holger , Baars Holger , Wandinger Ulla , Pappalardo Gelsomina
Published: April 2018

The EARLINET database is facing a complete reshaping to meet the wide request for more intuitive products and to face the even wider request related to the new initiatives such as Copernicus, the European Earth observation programme. The new design has been carried out in continuity with the past, to take advantage from long-term database. In particular, the new structure will provide information suitable for synergy with other instruments, near real time (NRT) applications, validation and process studies and climate applications.
The lesson learnt during interact - I and INTERACT - II actris measurement campaigns
Authors: Rosoldi Marco , Madonna Fabio , Pappalardo Gelsomina , Vande Hey Joshua , Zheng Yunhui
Published: April 2018

The INTERACT-II (INTERcomparison of Aerosol and Cloud Tracking) campaign, performed at the CNR-IMAA Atmospheric Observatory (760 m a.s.l., 40.60° N, 15.72° E), aims to evaluate the performances of commercial automatic lidars and ceilometers for atmospheric aerosol profiling, through the comparison with Potenza EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar NETwork) lidars. The results of the campaign and the overall lesson learnt within INTERACT-I and INTERACT-II ACTRIS campaigns will be presented.
Studies of saharan dust intrusions over bucharest using ceilometer’s measurements and satellite data
Authors: Urlea Denisa , Boscornea Andreea , Nicolae Vâjâiac Sorin , Ţoancă Florica , Barbu Nicu , Ştefan Sabina , Bunescu Ionuț
Published: April 2018

Three case studies of Saharan dust intrusions over southern Romania were performed. For these studies the database from the ceilometers located at Magurele and Strejnic was used. In addition, the meteorological conditions were analyzed using the WLK Catalogue based on the Objektive Wetterlagenklassifikation classification of the weather types [1]. This catalogue uses information from three basic tropospheric levels: 925, 700 and 500 hPa, and information on the precipitable water content over the entire atmosphere column. Geopotential fields at 925hPa and 500hPa are used for establishing the cyclonicity or anticyclonicity, while the U and V components of wind at 700hPa for establishing the dominant direction of the wind flow. For better understanding of the atmospheric parameters we performed HYSPLIT dispersion and trajectories analysis in conjunction with DREAM model output data.
Geriatrisches Assessment Mini-Mental-Status-Test (MMST)
Authors: Zemke Jens
Published: April 2018

Standardassessment Bei älteren Patienten sind Alltagskompetenz und Selbsthilfefähigkeit in besonderem Maße durch eine Verminderung kognitiver Fähigkeiten
bedroht. Zur Verhinderung von Abhängigkeit und Pflegebedürftigkeit ist die Abklärung der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit von essenzieller Bedeutung. Im Rahmen
einer geriatrischen Komplexbehandlung gehört der MMST (oder Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE) nach Folstein mittlerweile zu den Standardassessments. Der MMST
ist das am häufigsten angewandte Screeningverfahren für kognitive Defizite.
Kulturabhängigkeit der Einstellung gegenüber psychotherapeutischer Behandlung bei Türkeistämmigen und Personen ohne Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Bretz Joachim , Sahin Dilek , Brandl Eva , Schouler-Ocak Meryam
Published: April 2018

Ziel Die vorliegende Arbeit vergleicht die Einstellung zur Inanspruchnahme psychotherapeutischer Hilfe bei in Deutschland lebenden Personen ohne und mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund. Dabei werden auch geschlechts- und störungsspezifische sowie soziodemographische Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Aufgeschlossenheit gegenüber psychotherapeutischen Behandlungen mitberücksichtigt.

Methoden Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden türkeistämmige (n=129) Personen und Probanden ohne türkischen Migrationshintergrund (n=129) mit dem Fragebogen zu Einstellungen gegenüber der Inanspruchnahme psychotherapeutischer Hilfe, dem Fragebogen zur sozialen Unterstützung, der Kurzversion der Symptom-Checkliste mit den Teilskalen Angst, Depression und Somatisierung sowie einem soziobiografischen Fragebogen untersucht.

Ergebnisse Die Einstellung gegenüber einer psychotherapeutischen Behandlung ist bei Menschen mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund weniger positiv als bei Menschen ohne Migrationshintergrund. Frauen, Depressive, Menschen mit einer hohen sozialen Unterstützung, einer hohen Schulbildung und mit eigenen Kindern stehen einer psychotherapeutischen Behandlung aufgeschlossener gegenüber.

Diskussion Die Einstellung zur Inanspruchnahme psychotherapeutischer Hilfe wird von soziodemografischen, geschlechts- sowie störungsspezifischen und insbesondere von kulturspezifischen Faktoren beeinflusst.

Schlussfolgerung Diese Befunde verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit einer breiteren Aufklärung der Gesellschaft über Psychotherapie und des Aufbaus interkultureller Beratungsmöglichkeiten für Migranten.
Ärztliches Gesprächsführungstraining in simulierten Situationen: Wahrnehmungen und Empfindungen von Simulationspatienten bei patientenzentrierter Gesprächsführung
Authors: Butollo Maria , Holzinger Anita , Wagner-Menghin Michaela
Published: April 2018

Einleitung Der Einsatz von Simulationspatienten zum Trainieren ärztlicher Gesprächsführung hat sich in medizinischen Curricula als wichtige didaktische Methode etabliert. Gegenstand dieser Studie ist die Frage, ob patientenzentrierte Kommunikation die Grundlage adäquater positiver und negativer Wahrnehmungen und Empfindungen von SP ist.

Material und Methoden 22 von 37 SP, der Medizinischen Universität Wien (12 Frauen, 10 Männer), wurden mittels halbstrukturierten Interviewleitfaden zu deren Befindlichkeit bei einem SP Einsatz befragt. Die transkribierten Interviews wurden in Situationsanalyseeinheiten geteilt und deduktiv inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Wir orientierten uns literaturbasiert an Merkmalen patientenzentrierter Kommunikation sowie am „Nationalen Kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatalog Medizin“.

Ergebnisse Aus 192 gewonnenen Analyseeinheiten wurden 67 positiv und 125 negativ durch die SP bewertet. Nach 22% der Aussagen der SP bewirkte die Wahrnehmung von „Stabilität und Vertrauen in die Beziehung“ positive Gefühle, ebenso bei der Wahrnehmung von Kongruenz (15%), Akzeptanz (27%) sowie Empathie (36%). Negative Gefühle berichteten SP durch die Wahrnehmung von Instabilität (18%), Inkongruenz (11%), mangelnder Akzeptanz (40%) und fehlender Empathie (30%). Zusätzlich stellte sich bei 50% der SP positive Befindlichkeit beim Beobachten des Lernerfolgs von Studierenden ein.

Diskussion SP berichten positive Befindlichkeit, wenn die Merkmale für patientenzentrierte Kommunikation von Studierenden eingehalten werden und negatives Empfinden, wenn keine Patientenzentrierung vorhanden ist. Empathische Grundhaltung sowie mangelnde Akzeptanz waren die Kommunikationsmerkmale, die den stärksten Einfluss auf die SP hatten. SP reagieren hinreichend authentisch auf Patientenzentrierung, um die Lernziele erreichen zu können. Lernerfolg von Studierenden ist für die Emotionen von SP relevant, spielt im Arzt-Patienten Gespräch jedoch keine Rolle.

Schlussfolgerung Da die Einstellung von Studierenden für das Erleben der SP wichtig ist, sollten Studierende diesbezüglich vorbereitet werden. Gleichzeitig zeigen SP eine hinreichend authentische Reaktion auf patientenzentrierte Gesprächsführung zum Erreichen der Lernziele. Sie sollten jedoch unterrichtet werden ihre Freude über den Lernerfolg der Studierenden während des Rollenspiels nicht offen zu zeigen.
First Total Synthesis of Oxirapentyn D, a Highly Oxidized Chromene Natural Product
Authors: Ohmori Ken , Sakai Takahiro , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: April 2018

The first total synthesis of oxirapentyn D from myo-inositol has been achieved by utilizing chelation-directed bridgehead lithiation of a hydrazone derivative.
Free Flap Reconstruction after Complications of Total Ankle Arthroplasty: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lu Jocelyn , Elmarsafi Tammer , Steinberg John , Kim Paul , Attinger Christopher , Cooper Paul , Evans Karen
Published: April 2018

Background Postoperative complications of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) include anterior surgical site dehiscence, hardware failure, infection, and amputation. Early intervention with free flap may provide TAA salvage. We report the largest series of failed TAA require microsurgical free tissue transfer, identify risk factors, and examine the long-term post-free flap outcomes.

Materials and Methods This is a case series of consecutive patients from a single institution dedicated to limb salvage. Inclusion criteria included patients who underwent TAA with complications related to the index surgery and underwent microsurgical free tissue transfer. Nine patients were identified within the inclusion parameters.

Results Patients presented with osteomyelitis 4 (44%), soft tissue infections 4 (44%), and wound dehiscence 1 (11%) following TAA. Three (33%) radial forearm free flaps and six (67%) anterolateral thigh flaps were used, with a 100% microsurgical success rate. Preoperative angiography revealed six (67%) patients with anterior tibial artery occlusion at the level of the ankle or below. Patients required an average of 2.7 ± 1 (range 1–4) operative débridements prior to free flap, with successful flap outcome and return to full weight bearing status in nine (100%) patients. The mean long-term lower extremity functional scale score was 62 out of 80 points.

Conclusion Microsurgical free tissue transfer is an effective and favorable strategy to attain a stable soft tissue envelope for patients presenting with surgical site complications following TAA. We recommend early involvement with plastic surgery and endovascular angiography to evaluate the integrity of the anterior tibial artery.
Die drei großen D: Demenz – Delir – Depression
Authors: Zemke Jens
Published: April 2018

Abgrenzung Nicht jede kognitive Störung ist ein demenzielles Syndrom. Herauszufinden, ob ein Mensch an einer Demenz, einem Delir oder einer Depression
leidet, stellt für das geriatrische Team eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar.
Beratung zu technischen Assistenzsystemen – die Onlineplattform „Wegweiser Alter und Technik“
Authors: Lautenschläger Sindy
Published: April 2018

Anwendung Technische Assistenzsysteme werden oft skeptisch betrachtet und finden daher nur zögerlich Anwendung. Doch gerade technische Alltagshilfen haben ein großes Potenzial, Menschen im Alter zu unterstützen, damit sie so lange wie möglich in der eigenen Häuslichkeit leben können. Ältere Menschen und ihre Angehörigen werden jetzt und vor allem in Zukunft verstärkt Beratungen hinsichtlich technischer Assistenzsysteme benötigen und diese auch einfordern. Damit Pflegekräfte Beratungen zu technischen Assistenzsystemen durchführen können, wird in diesem Artikel an einem Beispiel gezeigt, wie die Onlineplattform „Wegweiser Alter und Technik“ angewendet werden kann.
Note: A simple magnetic field design for dichroic atomic vapor laser lock
Authors: Xiao Teng , Wang Tong , Yan Bo
Published: April 2018

The dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) is a very useful scheme for frequency stabilization. A bias field on the order of 100 G is required to get the error signal for frequency locking. Here we report a simple design for the bias field with the permanent magnetic balls. It is really simple and easy to adjust the magnitude. Since the DAVLL lock is not sensitive to the bias field, such a design is very suitable.
Empirical potential for molecular simulation of graphene nanoplatelets
Authors: Bourque Alexander J. , Rutledge Gregory C.
Published: April 2018

A new empirical potential for layered graphitic materials is reported. Interatomic interactions within a single graphene sheet are modeled using a Stillinger-Weber potential. Interatomic interactions between atoms in different sheets of graphene in the nanoplatelet are modeled using a Lennard-Jones interaction potential. The potential is validated by comparing molecular dynamics simulations of tensile deformation with the reported elastic constants for graphite. The graphite is found to fracture into graphene nanoplatelets when subjected to ∼15% tensile strain normal to the basal surface of the graphene stack, with an ultimate stress of 2.0 GPa and toughness of 0.33 GPa. This force field is useful to model molecular interactions in an important class of composite systems comprising 2D materials like graphene and multi-layer graphene nanoplatelets.
Ultrasensitive NO2 gas sensors using hybrid heterojunctions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and on-chip grown SnO2 nanowires
Authors: Nguyet Quan Thi Minh , Van Duy Nguyen , Manh Hung Chu , Hoa Nguyen Duc , Van Hieu Nguyen
Published: April 2018

Hybrid heterojunction devices are designed for ultrahigh response to NO2 toxic gas. The devices were constructed by assembling multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on a microelectrode chip bridged bare Pt-electrode and a Pt-electrode with pre-grown SnO2 nanowires (NWs). All heterojunction devices were realized using different types of MWCNTs, which exhibit ultrahigh response to sub-ppm NO2 gas at 50 °C operated in the reverse bias mode. The response to 1 ppm NO2 gas reaches 11300, which is about 100 times higher than that of a back-to-back heterojunction device fabricated from SnO2 NWs and MWCNTs. In addition, the present device exhibits an ultralow detection limit of about 0.68 ppt. The modulation of trap-assisted tunneling current under reverse bias is the main gas-sensing mechanism. This principle device presents a concept for developing gas sensors made of a hybrid between semiconductor metal oxide NWs and CNTs.
A Langevin approach to multi-scale modeling
Authors: Hirvijoki Eero
Published: April 2018

In plasmas, distribution functions often demonstrate long anisotropic tails or otherwise significant deviations from local Maxwellians. The tails, especially if they are pulled out from the bulk, pose a serious challenge for numerical simulations as resolving both the bulk and the tail on the same mesh is often challenging. A multi-scale approach, providing evolution equations for the bulk and the tail individually, could offer a resolution in the sense that both populations could be treated on separate meshes or different reduction techniques applied to the bulk and the tail population. In this letter, we propose a multi-scale method which allows us to split a distribution function into a bulk and a tail so that both populations remain genuine, non-negative distribution functions and may carry density, momentum, and energy. The proposed method is based on the observation that the motion of an individual test particle in a plasma obeys a stochastic differential equation, also referred to as a Langevin equation. This allows us to define transition probabilities between the bulk and the tail and to provide evolution equations for both populations separately.
Simulation of double-pass stimulated Raman backscattering
Authors: Wu Z. , Chen Q. , Morozov A. , Suckewer S.
Published: April 2018

Experiments on Stimulated Raman Backscattering (SRBS) in plasma have demonstrated significantly higher energy conversion in a double-pass amplifier where the laser pulses go through the plasma twice compared with a single-pass amplifier with double the plasma length of a single pass. In this paper, the improvement in understanding recent experimental results is presented by considering quite in detail the effects of plasma heating on the modeling of SRBS. Our simulation results show that the low efficiency of single-pass amplifiers can be attributed to Landau damping and the frequency shift of Langmuir waves. In double-pass amplifiers, these issues can be avoided, to some degree, because pump-induced heating could be reduced, while the plasma cools down between the passes. Therefore, double-pass amplifiers yield considerably enhanced energy transfer from the pump to the seed, hence the output pulse intensity.
Fish sperm motility analysis: the central role of the flagellum
Authors: Boryshpolets Sergii , Kholodnyy Vitaliy , Cosson Jacky , Dzyuba Borys
Published: April 2018

Motility analysis of spermatozoa relies on the investigation of either head trajectories or flagellum characteristics. Those two sets of parameters are far from being independent, the flagellum playing the role of motor, whereas the head plays a passive role of cargo. Therefore, quantitative descriptions of head trajectories represent a simplification of the complex pattern of whole sperm cell motion, resulting from the waves developed by the flagellum. The flagellum itself responds to a large variety of signals that precisely control its axoneme to allow activation, acceleration, slowing down or reorientation of the whole spermatozoon. Thus, it is obvious that analysis of flagellum characteristics provides information on the original source of movement and orientation of the sperm cell and presents additional parameters that enrich the panoply of quantitative descriptors of sperm motility. In this review, we briefly describe the methodologies used to obtain good-quality images of fish spermatozoa (head and especially flagellum) while they move fast and the methods developed for their analysis. The paper also aims to establish a link between classical analyses by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) and the descriptors generated by fish sperm flagellum analysis, and emphasises the information to be gained regarding motility performance from flagellum motion data.
Egophoricity in Mangghuer
Authors: Fried Robert W.
Published: April 2018

Egophoricity in Mangghuer is a binary distinction expressed in finite verbal morphology and the system of copulas. In declarative contexts, egophoric forms are used with first person subjects (or predicate nominals containing first person possessors) if the subject is perceived to be in control of the action or state; non-egophoric forms are used elsewhere. In interrogative contexts, egophoric forms are used with second person subjects, while non-egophoric forms are used with non-second person subjects. Previous work on Mangghuer has reported on uses of the egophoric distinction that do not conform to this pattern expressing things such as degree of speaker certainty, mirativity, and lack of control. This paper explores further complexities in pragmatic uses of egophoric marking. Of particular interest are situations in which the pragmatically neutral use of speaker perspective is contrary to the basic pattern and situations in which the non-basic use of the speaker perspective has multiple possible meanings. In these situations, the discourse context must be taken into account to correctly interpret the pragmatic function of the egophoric marking. This paper concludes that the common thread underlying the uses of egophoric forms is the degree of “involvement in the event being reported, or in the reporting activity itself” (Slater 2003a: 194–220). While a strictly objective rubric for determining speaker involvement is elusive, this paper examines the use of egophoric marking in a broad range of pragmatic contexts and confirms that egophoric forms consistently indicate a higher degree of speaker involvement while non-egophoric forms indicate a lower degree of speaker involvement.
Self-ascription in conjunct-disjunct systems
Authors: Wechsler Stephen
Published: April 2018

Conjunct markers, in at least some languages, are analyzed here as grammatically specialized for the semantic function of self-ascription: such markers indicate that a participant in the described event ascribed to herself the property described in the sentence. The hypothesis proposed here is that grammatically enabled self-ascription is fundamental to such systems, and that mirativity, as well as various other observed factors such as speaker ignorance, volitionality, and irony, are secondary effects that follow from this self-ascription analysis.
Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of laser-cladded γ-Ni/Mo2Ni3Si alloy coating
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhang Jian , Deng Lijun , Hao Guannan
Published: April 2018

Different γ-Ni/Mo2Ni3Si alloy coatings were fabricated on 0.45 wt-% C steel applying the DISTA300 semiconductor laser system. The microstructures, phase components and corrosion behaviour of the alloy coatings were investigated. Research results showed that laser-cladded coatings with different compositions were all composed of ductile phase γ-Ni and reinforced phase Mo2Ni3Si. Electrochemical parameters and anodic polarisation curves revealed that the γ-Ni/Mo2Ni3Si alloy coatings exhibited a good corrosion performance in 3.5% NaCl solution in comparison with 0Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The corrosion current density of the laser-cladded layer increased first and then decreased with the increasing volume fraction of Mo2Ni3Si. Moreover, the addition of Cr can significantly improve the passivation and anti-pitting ability of the γ-Ni/Mo2Ni3Si alloy coating.
The corrosion properties of carbon nanotubes-reinforced apatite composite coating on carbon/carbon composite by a double in situ process
Authors: Shoujie Liu , Hejun Li , Leilei Zhang , Shaoxian Li , Lina Pei
Published: April 2018

A double in situ process, combination of injection chemical vapour deposition and biomineralisation, was used to fabricate carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced apatite composite coatings on carbon/carbon composite. The SEM images and XPS spectra showed that CNTs were wrapped in apatite and the apatite layer became dense with prolonging the immersion time. The results of the corrosion resistance of the apatite composite coatings, which was evaluated by electrochemical techniques, showed a trend that the longer biomineralisation time contributed to the more stable coating in simulated body fluid. The dense apatite layer is not beneficial for the conduction of electrons, which leads to the low value of polarisation current and high value of polarisation impedance.
Hsp40/70/110 chaperones adapt nuclear protein quality control to serve cytosolic clients
Authors: Prasad Rupali , Xu Chengchao , Ng Davis T.W.
Published: April 2018

Misfolded cytosolic proteins are degraded by the ubiquitin proteasome system through quality control (QC) pathways defined by E3 ubiquitin ligases and associated chaperones. Although they work together as a comprehensive system to monitor cytosolic protein folding, their respective contributions remain unclear. To bridge existing gaps, the pathways mediated by the San1 and Ubr1 E3 ligases were studied coordinately. We show that pathways share the same complement of chaperones needed for substrate trafficking, ubiquitination, and degradation. The significance became clear when Ubr1, like San1, was localized primarily to the nucleus. Appending nuclear localization signals to cytosolic substrates revealed that Ydj1 and Sse1 are needed for substrate nuclear import, whereas Ssa1/Ssa2 is needed both outside and inside the nucleus. Sis1 is required to process all substrates inside the nucleus, but its role in trafficking is substrate specific. Together, these data show that using chaperones to traffic misfolded cytosolic proteins into the nucleus extends the nuclear protein QC pathway to include cytosolic clients.
Convolutional neural networks for classification of alignments of non-coding RNA sequences
Authors: Aoki Genta , Sakakibara Yasubumi
Published: April 2018

Motivation

The convolutional neural network (CNN) has been applied to the classification problem of DNA sequences, with the additional purpose of motif discovery. The training of CNNs with distributed representations of four nucleotides has successfully derived position weight matrices on the learned kernels that corresponded to sequence motifs such as protein-binding sites.

Results

We propose a novel application of CNNs to classification of pairwise alignments of sequences for accurate clustering of sequences and show the benefits of the CNN method of inputting pairwise alignments for clustering of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences and for motif discovery. Classification of a pairwise alignment of two sequences into positive and negative classes corresponds to the clustering of the input sequences. After we combined the distributed representation of RNA nucleotides with the secondary-structure information specific to ncRNAs and furthermore with mapping profiles of next-generation sequence reads, the training of CNNs for classification of alignments of RNA sequences yielded accurate clustering in terms of ncRNA families and outperformed the existing clustering methods for ncRNA sequences. Several interesting sequence motifs and secondary-structure motifs known for the snoRNA family and specific to microRNA and tRNA families were identified.

Availability and implementation

The source code of our CNN software in the deep-learning framework Chainer is available at http://www.dna.bio.keio.ac.jp/cnn/, and the dataset used for performance evaluation in this work is available at the same URL.
Driver gene mutations based clustering of tumors: methods and applications
Authors: Zhang Wensheng , Flemington Erik K , Zhang Kun
Published: April 2018

Motivation

Somatic mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes constitute a major category of causal genetic abnormalities in tumor cells. The mutation spectra of thousands of tumors have been generated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and other whole genome (exome) sequencing projects. A promising approach to utilizing these resources for precision medicine is to identify genetic similarity-based sub-types within a cancer type and relate the pinpointed sub-types to the clinical outcomes and pathologic characteristics of patients.

Results

We propose two novel methods, ccpwModel and xGeneModel, for mutation-based clustering of tumors. In the former, binary variables indicating the status of cancer driver genes in tumors and the genes’ involvement in the core cancer pathways are treated as the features in the clustering process. In the latter, the functional similarities of putative cancer driver genes and their confidence scores as the ‘true’ driver genes are integrated with the mutation spectra to calculate the genetic distances between tumors. We apply both methods to the TCGA data of 16 cancer types. Promising results are obtained when these methods are compared to state-of-the-art approaches as to the associations between the determined tumor clusters and patient race (or survival time). We further extend the analysis to detect mutation-characterized transcriptomic prognostic signatures, which are directly relevant to the etiology of carcinogenesis.

Availability and implementation

R codes and example data for ccpwModel and xGeneModel can be obtained from http://webusers.xula.edu/kzhang/ISMB2018/ccpw_xGene_software.zip.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.