bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agriculture biologique : Nécessité d’appropriation par les producteurs et attitudes des consommateurs au Moungo-Cameroun
Authors: Loyem Nathalie Lando , Lengha Nobert Tohnain , Mubeteneh Christopher Tankou
Published: October 2020

L’agriculture biologique (AB) est l’un des moyens qui contribue à répondre à certains enjeux et défis du moment en termes de sécurité alimentaire et de protection de la biodiversité, de la santé du producteur et celle du consommateur, contrairement à l’agriculture conventionnelle (AC). L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser le comportement qu’affichent les producteurs d’ananas et les consommateurs vis-à-vis de l’appropriation de l’AB et la consommation de ses produits en vue de préserver la biodiversité. Une enquête réalisée par le biais de trois types de questionnaires différents a permis de toucher les producteurs d’ananas biologiques et conventionnels (111) et les consommateurs (318). Cette enquête a été suivied’un guide d’entretien (7). Elle a été menée dans le département du Moungo au Cameroun (N = 436 soit: 301 hommes et, 135 femmes; âgés entre 25 à 64 ans) plus précisément à Loum, Njombé-Penja et Mbanga. Pour mesurer l’attitude, l’étude a eu recours au modèle de Likert (1932) sous 5 échelles. La Variance et le Test de corrélation ont permis de conclure que, la protection de la biodiversité dépend majoritairement du comportement des producteurs et des consommateurs.

Mots clés : Agriculture biologique, consommateurs, attitudes, producteurs
Environmental change and disease dynamics
Authors: Aisien M.S.O
Published: October 2020

I will start by taking a quick look at the natural ecosystem. A natural ecosystem is a community where the biotic and abiotic components interact together as a unit through biological, physical and chemical processes. Among these components exists a delicate balance, which from time to time may be altered by natural causes (floods, droughts, wild fires, earthquakes, etc.) or by anthropogenic activities (including deforestation, agriculture, pollution, urbanization, etc.).
Parasitic burden of African squirrels captured in a Nigerian University community
Authors: Omonona A.O , Ademola I.O , Odeniran P.O , Jubril A.J , Asenowo O , Olagbenro O
Published: October 2020

Most emerging diseases in humans have zoonotic reservoirs which are often wildlife species. In Nigeria, very few studieshave reported parasites of small mammals with observed variations in parasitic burden. The parasitic burden of Africansquirrels captured in a University community was studied between November 2018 and February 2019. A total of 33 squirrelsbelonging to two species (Funisciurus anerythrus (60.6%) and Heliosciurus gambianus (39.4%)) were trapped withtomahawk live trap and examined for parasitic infections. The squirrels were examined for ectoparasites from skin scrapings.Blood and gastrointestinal content were collected to assess haemoparasites and gastrointestinal parasites, respectively.Haematological parameters were assessed. Six (18.2%) squirrels of 33 examined were positive for ectoparasite (mite)identified as Ornithonyssus bacoti. Haemoparasites identified include Trypanosoma spp. (9.1%), Plasmodium spp. (3.0%)and Microfilaria worm (3.0%), with overall prevalence of 15.2%. All the 33 squirrels captured were infected with helminthparasites. The small intestine and stomach had the highest and lowest parasitic ova counts, respectively. The parasite with thehighest prevalence was Hymenolepis spp. (75.8%) and the lowest were Heligmosomoides spp. (3.0%), Oxyuroid ova (3.0%),Aspicularis spp. (3.0%), Strongyloides spp. (3.0%) and Schistosoma spp. (3.0%). Blood parameters according to specieswere not significant. However, animals with co-infection showed lower packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb)values compared to single infections. Helminth-only infected squirrel showed marked eosinopenia. Parasites of public healthimportance were prevalent in squirrels trapped in the University community. Therefore, humans should avoid unprotectedcontact with squirrels and their excreta.

Keywords: Squirrels, parasites, helminths, haemoparasites, ectoparasites
Endoparasites in six anuran species from a changing rainforest biotope in Edo State, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Edo-Taiwo O , Ominun O.P , Jibunor R.O , Ehiagwina J.C , Aisien M.S.O
Published: October 2020

The endoparasitic infections of anurans from Evbuabogun, a peri-urban community in Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Area of Edo State, southern Nigeria was investigated. The six anuran species encountered and the parasite prevalence recorded in them were Hoplobatrachus occipitalis (56.5%), Leptopelis spiritusnoctis (50%), Ptychadena oxyrhynchus (76.7%), P. pumilio (100%), Sclerophrys maculata (90.9%) and S. regularis (100%). Overall parasite prevalence and mean intensity were 75.6% and 52.4, respectively. The endoparasites recovered included pentastomids (Raillietiella sp.), acanthocephalan cystacanth, cestodes (Cylindrotaenia jaegerskioeldi and Nematotaenoides sp.), digeneans (Metahaematoloechus micrurus and Mesocoelium monodi) and nematodes (Camallanus dimitrovi, Chabaudus leberrei, Cosmocerca commutata, C. ornata, Oswaldocruzia hoepplii, Rhabdias africanus, Amplicaecum sp., Aplectana sp., Physaloptera sp., Ophidascaris sp. larva and an unidentified oxyurid nematode). The few anuran species recorded attests to the degraded nature of the study area. We presume that the high parasite prevalence in the anurans examined was due to intense exposure to parasite larvae in the few and crowded aggregation/breeding sites in the locality. Furthermore, exposure to herbicides used to suppress weeds in nearby farms, (which contaminate breeding ponds through run-offs), may have suppressed the immunity of the frogs, thus rendering them more susceptible to parasitic infections. Infections of P. pumilio with Raillietiella sp. and Nematotaenoides sp. are new
Diagnosis of Lymphatic Filariasis Using Immunochromatography and Microscopy in Three Local Government Areas of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Maurice M , Sode E.U , Otu-Bassey I.B
Published: October 2020

Human Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by three types of filarial worms; Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugiatimori is one of the neglected tropical diseases and spread by bites of infected Anopheles, Culex, Aedes, Ochleratus andMansoni mosquitoes. The study evaluated diagnostic methods using blood samples from 420 consented participants in threeLocal Government Areas of Cross River State. Blood samples were examined following one hour of administration ofDiethylcarbamazine citrate for LF microfilaria microscopy (Knott’s concentration) and for LF antigen usingimmunochromatographic (ICT) method (Alere filariasis test strip). Of the 420 samples examined, 1.7% was found to bepositive using microscopy while 4.8% were positive using ICT. There was no significant difference in the diagnosis oflymphatic filariasis using microscopy and ICT among participants in the local government areas (χ2= 21.84, p>0.05). Of the214 males and 206 females examined, 4.2% males and 5.3% females tested positive using ICT while 1.4% males and 1.9%females were found positive using microscopy. The difference in the infection between gender was statistically significant(χ2=0.298, p<0.05). Participants aged 21-24 years had the highest prevalence of 19.4% while the least prevalence of 1.5%was observed among age group 9-12years using ICT. Also, no significant difference was observed in the diagnosis of LFamong the age groups (χ2= 19.88, p>0.05). The study showed that LF still remains a public health problem in Cross RiverState. Mass drug administration should be scaled up in the state so as to reduce and finally eradicate the disease.

Keywords: Diagnosis, Lymphatic filariasis, Immunochromatography, Microscopy
Digenetic trematodes infecting anurans from a derived savanna biotope in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ozemoka H.J , Aisien M.O.S
Published: October 2020

An investigation of the digenetic trematodes of anurans from Agbede, a location in the derived savanna biotope in Edo state,Nigeria was conducted from August, 2007 to July, 2008. Anuran hosts examined included Sclerophrys maculata, S.regularis, Ptychadena pumilio, P. bibroni, P. oxyrhynchus, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis and Hylarana galamensis. Theanurans were collected using the Visual Acoustic Encounter Survey (VAES) method, dissected and examined for trematodeinfections. A total of 267 anurans were examined of which 33 were infected with an overall prevalence of 12.36%. Seasonalprevalence was 14.88% for the wet season and 8.08% for dry season. The difference in prevalence values was not statisticallysignificant (p >0.05). Four digenetic trematodes, namely, Mesocoelium monodi, an unidentified Mesocoelium sp.,Haematoloechus exoterorchis and an unidentified Haematoloechus sp. Haematoloechus exoterorchis was recovered from H.occipitalis while the unidentified Haematoloechus sp. infected H. occipitalis and Sclerophrys maculata. Mesocoeliummonodi infected only Sclerophrys maculata while the unidentified Mesocoelium sp. was a generalist, infecting five anuranhosts. Sclerophrys maculata is thus a new host record for the genus Haematoloechus in Nigeria. In conclusion, this studyrevealed a low trematode diversity in the anurans of the savanna-mosaic at Agbede. However, anurans from this locationharboured two new trematodes: an unidentified Mesocoelium sp and a Haematolechus sp. Sclerophrys maculata as a newhost record for the genus Haematoloechus in Nigeria. More specimens of the Haematoloechus sp. are needed for themorphological description and molecular characterization of the parasite, to establish its relationship with the cogener inH.occipitalis.

Keywords: Derived savannah, Anurans, Digenetic trematodes, new host record
Implications of COVID-19 Lockdown on Child Preparedness among Rwandan Families
Authors: Muhayimana Alice , Mukamana Donatilla , Ndayisenga Jean Pierre , Tengera Olive , Murekezi Josephine , Uwacu Josette , Mbabazi Eugenie , Musabe Joyce
Published: October 2020

The world is currently facing the fatal viral pandemic called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), earlier named 2019-novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV). Every country of the world keeps responding to the challenges posed by covid-19 in all aspects of human endeavour with high demand and burden on health care. The report of the first case in Rwanda on 14th March 2020 was accompanied by actions to drive control measures by the government of Rwanda importantly to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Those measures included education on personal preventive behaviours, social distancing and restricting the movement of people locally, nationally and internationally resulting to lockdown that allowed only essential services. Lockdown has particularly affected Rwandan families with pregnant mothers in the context of childbirth preparation in different aspects.  This review paper articulates the possible various dimensions of influence of the COVID-19 lockdown on birth preparedness by families and the possible maternal and neonatal health adverse outcomes that may be associated. This is with the intention of helping health care providers and other stakeholders anticipate, track and prepare for appropriate mitigation to reduce maternal-neonatal morbidity and mortality.

 

French title: Implications du verrouillage de COVID-19 sur la préparation des enfants dans les familles RwandaisesLe monde est actuellement confronté à la pandémie virale mortelle appelée maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), précédemment appelée 2019-nouveau coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Chaque pays du monde continue de répondre aux défis posés par le Covid-19 dans tous les aspects de l'activité humaine avec une forte demande et un fardeau sur les soins de santé. Le rapport du premier cas au Rwanda le 14e mars 2020 a été accompagné d'actions à conduire des mesures de contrôle par le gouvernement du Rwanda important pour prévenir la propagation de Covid-19. Ces mesures comprenaient une éducation sur les comportements personnels de prévention, la distanciation sociale et la restriction de la circulation des personnes aux niveaux local, national et international, entraînant un verrouillage qui n'autorisait que les services essentiels. Le verrouillage a particulièrement affecté les familles Rwandaises de mères enceintes dans le cadre de la préparation à l'accouchement sous différents aspects. Cet article de synthèse articule les différentes dimensions possibles de l'influence du verrouillage du COVID-19 sur la préparation à la naissance des familles et les éventuels effets indésirables sur la santé maternelle et néonatale qui peuvent être associés. Ceci dans le but d'aider les prestataires de soins de santé et les autres parties prenantes à anticiper, suivre et préparer des mesures d'atténuation appropriées pour réduire la morbidité et la mortalité materné-néonatales.
Factors Influencing Uptake of Prostate Cancer Screening among Adult Males in Iseyin LGA, Oyo State
Authors: Olarewaju S.O. , Akinola Amudat D. , Oyekunle Emmanuel O. , Adeyemo Sunday C.
Published: October 2020

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. This study assessed factors influencing uptake of PCa screening at a popular town in Iseyin, Oyo State.Methods: Relevant information was obtained from 376 participants using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires. Respondents were selected through multistage sampling technique Statistical tests such as Chisquare, Fisher's exact test and Student's T-test were performed to duly analyse data obtained.Results: Participants' mean age was 50.2 + 8.0 years with a larger (58. 5 %) proportion of men aged 50 and below. Overall summarized scores on poor knowledge and negative attitude were 42.8 % and 44.7 % respectively. Specific knowledge regarding location of prostate, risk factors and symptoms was as low as 21.0%, 26.3% and 37.2%, respectively. Barely 27.9 %, 19.9 % and 16.2 % knew prostate specific antigen test, digital rectal examination and ultrasound as PC screening techniques respectively. Previous uptake of screening was very low being 16.0 %. Individuals with poor knowledge and those who are non-professionals are 3 times (Odds Ratio – 0.295) and 2 times (Odds Ratio – 0.524) respectively less likely to do PCa screening compared with their other counterpartsConclusion: The study showed considerable awareness of prostate cancer. However, comprehensive knowledge of its symptoms and the screening methods was greatly lacking. The need is therefore indicated for an aggressive health promotion intervention designed to increase awareness on PCa screening at the community level.

Keywords: prostate cancer, uptake, screening methods
Instytucja niesłusznego zbogacenia w polskim Kodeksie zobowiązań z 1933 roku na tle współczesnych kodyfikacji
Authors:   Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland, Halberda Jan
Published: October 2020

THE UNJUST ENRICHMENT AS REGULATED IN THE CODE OF OBLIGATIOON OF 1933 AND COMPARED WITH SIMILAR SOLUTIONS FOUND IN THE OTHER CODES F THE TIME The paper discusses the unjust enrichmennt as found in the Polish Code of Obligations of 1933. The discussion is conducted in a comparative way and makes allusions to other regulations of the time (those detectable in the ABGB, Code Civil, BGB, Obligationenrecht). It also makes reference to the solution accepted in the Polish Civil Code of 1964. What was discussed was the very construction of unjust enrichment as found in the aforementioned regulations (1), grounds for the claims (2), the scope within which the duty to return the enrichment applied (3), the nature of the claim – whether it was autonomous or subsidiary (4). In his final remarks, the author tried to assess the discussed institution as regulated in the Code of Obligations (5).
Argumentacja historyczno-prawna w orzecznictwie Izby Lordów przełomu XX i XXI wieku na przykładzie nawiązań do sprawy Moses v. MacFerlan z 1760 roku
Authors:   Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gołębia 24, 31-007 Kraków, Poland, Halberda Jan
Published: October 2020

Arguments of a Legal Historical Nature as Found in Judicial Decisions Taken by the House of Lords at the Turn of the 21st Century and Illustrated by References to the Case Moses v. MacFerlan 1760 Through an analysis of cases of unjust enrichment (law of restitution), and investigation of the lines along which the judges invoked the landmark case of Moses v. MacFerlan (1760), the author of the paper discusses the role played by legal history in disputes carried on in the House of Lords. After elaborating the details of the aforementioned case (2), he presents the doctrine of implied contract that prevailed in the 19th century (3), and discusses the opinions of the Lords articulated at the turn of the twenty-first century on the occasion of their discussing the meaning of the principle of unjust enrichment (4a). Likewise he discusses the introduction into English law of the change of position defense (4b), and comments on court decisions on interest (4c). Finally, the author investigates references to legal history as made in order to justify the overruling of precedent (5).
Removal of biological organics in high-salinity wastewater produced from methylcellulose production and subsequent changes in the microbial community
Authors: Jo GueSoo , Hong SeongWan , Kim HyunGu , Zhuliping  , Ahn DaeHee
Published: October 2020

The wastewater generated in methylcellulose (MC) production is characterized by high salinity and pH due to the residual sodium and chlorine separated from the methyl group. It is difficult to treat wastewater using the conventional activated sludge method because the high concentration of salt interferes with the microbial activity. This study confirms the biological removal of organic matter from MC wastewater using sludge dominated by Halomonas spp., a halophilic microorganism. The influent was mixed with MC wastewater and epichlorohydrin (ECH) wastewater in a 1:9 ratio and operated using a sequencing batch reactor with a hydraulic retention time of 27.8 d based on the MC wastewater. The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased from 80.4% to 93.5%, and removal efficiency had improved by adding nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the wastewater. In terms of microbial community change, Halomonas spp. decreased from 43.26% to 0.11%, whereas Marinobacter spp. and Methylophaga spp. increased from 0.50% to 15.12% and 7.51%, respectively.
THE INSECTS OF PUERTO RICO
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
THE INSECTS OF PUERTO RICO - DIPTERA
Authors: Wolcott George N.
Published: October 2020

Resumen en inglés
Título en español.
Authors: Juan Pastor Rodríguez
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
Título en español.
Authors: Conrado F. Asenjo
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
Título en español.
Authors: Conrado F. Asenjo  , Delia Fernández
Published: October 2020

Resumen en español.
SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT OF INNOVATION IN AIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT
Authors:   North Kazakhstan University named after M. Kozybayev Russian Federation, Shaikin D.N. , Valieva M.M. ,   North Kazakhstan University named after M. Kozybayev Russian Federation, Kopylova O.V. ,   North Kazakhstan University named after M. Kozybayev Russian Federation
Published: October 2020

The relevance and timeliness of research on this topic lies in the need to develop an innovative economy, in which AIC of Kazakhstan plays a key role. The article presents the points of view of domestic and foreign agricultural scientists, proposing a solution to the problems associated with ensuring a permanent innovation environment in agricultural sector. At the same time, special emphasis was placed on the implementation of the standards of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (France, Paris) in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is noted that in modern conditions the fundamental document of the OECD, on the basis of which the measurement of scientific, technological and innovation activities is carried out all over the world, is the FRASCATI Guidelines. In accordance with this document, the definition of the essence of research and development work is given, five criteria are indicated that scientific activity must meet in order to be recognized as R&D. It is noted that the five-year dynamics of domestic expenditures on them and the ratio to GDP have a downward trend; these indicators are also shown for agriculture. In the conclusion, findings are made, the implementation of which, in the opinion of the authors, will largely allow the achievement of these goals. Researchers are convinced that the demand for high-tech products of agro-industrial complex is currently increasing and in these conditions it is necessary to increase funding for research and development in the republic.
PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING OF MILK IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   Shakarim University, Kazhieva ZH. , Ahmetova L. ,   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Zhakibayeva L. ,   S. Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University
Published: October 2020

The target criteria of this study is to present the current state of the prospects for production and processing of milk in the East Kazakhstan region, which is the leading one in the production of dairy products in the country. The article provides a detailed analysis of the development of dairy industry in this region for the period 2015-2019 according to the following indicators: the volume of milk production and main types of dairy products, level of use of the average annual production capacity of milk processing enterprises; population demand for dairy products and their actual consumption. The quantity of produced assortment of products is analyzed, including processed liquid milk, cream, butter, cheese, cottage cheese. The main problems of the region's dairy industry development are identified, such as insufficient level of production capacity utilization, shortage and low quality of used raw materials that do not meet the requirements of sanitary standards, outdated material and technical base. To solve topical issues of providing dairy factories with raw materials in the region, it is necessary to form specialized dairy farms of large and medium size, expand the scale of agricultural cooperation. State support and stimulation of the activities of cooperating farms will help to increase production of raw materials in the dairy industry in the region, improve its quality, due to the observance of epidemiological standards and labor hygiene, full-fledged veterinary and breeding work, and will also solve problems related to ensuring employment of the population in the countryside security of the country.
Banking Sector Competition and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: K. Ricky-Okine Charles , Amankwaa Twum , Anane Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

The study sort to establishing a relationship between banking sector competition and financial development in subSaharan n Africa. The study further disaggregated the data used into Francophone and Anglophone countries, and these were examined separated and compared. Using an annual data on banks across 37 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa spanning the period 2001-2016 and employing the Fixed Effects estimation technique, the study revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between financial development (FDCredit) and competition (CR3) for the full sample and the anglophone samples. The study further revealed that banking sector stability is essential for the financial development of both Anglophone and francophone countries within the sub-region. Macroeconomic variables did not have any impact on financial development generally except in francophone countries where exchange rates were found to have an impact on financial development. Bank-level variables such as ZSCORE, non-performing loans, profitability, liquidity and capitalization, on the hand had little impact in Anglophone countries on financial development compared to francophone countries. The study found that larger banks contribute positively to the development of the financial sector and banks tend to be bigger in Anglophone countries, and their banking sector is also more competitive than the francophone countries for the period used. Less emphasis should be placed on bank-level variables as these do not have significant impacts on the financial sector for Anglophone countries. Francophone countries should, however, control bank-level variables to ensure that they achieve greater financial development.

Citation: Ricky-Okine, C. K., Amankwaa, T.and Anane, E.Banking Sector Competition and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa,2020; 5(3): 58-85.

Received: July 18, 2020Accepted: September 30, 2020
UNESCO e a diversidade cultural: breves aproximações
Authors: Freitas Suzana Cristina de , Novak Maria Simone Jacomini
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o discurso da diversidade cultural presente nas publicações da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (UNESCO), a partir dos anos 1990. Metodologicamente, o artigo pauta-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de empregar o método histórico-dialético e análise qualitativa. A partir dos anos 1990 muitos países, notadamente da América Latina e Caribe, concretizaram reformas educacionais. Este processo de remodelamento educacional ocorreu pelo viés de que a educação seria condição estratégica para a redução das desigualdades sociais e pobreza, cada vez mais latentes nestas localidades, por consequência da crise capitalista dos anos 1970. Documentos divulgados internacionalmente, como a Declaração Mundial sobre Educação para Todos (UNESCO, 1990) e a Declaração de Princípios sobre a Tolerância (UNESCO, 1995), ficaram encarregados de disseminar um discurso sobre a importância da educação frente às novas demandas do século XX, como a construção de sujeitos adaptáveis e tolerantes. Conclui-se que, ao depositar na educação a responsabilidade de formar o homem/trabalhador tolerante, recai sobre as questões de intolerância quanto à diversidade cultural o estigma de serem estas as grandes geradoras de guerras e desigualdades, cerceando, assim, da discussão as disparidades econômicas que assolam esses povos, as contradições do sistema capitalista, que são a raiz do problema.
Sala de Aula Invertida: uma proposta para o ensino de biologia
Authors: Elias Marcelo Alberto , Gonçales Élica Cristina Riêdo
Published: October 2020

A busca da superação do ensino tradicional como prática educativa vem ao encontro com a procura cada vez mais dinamizada de informações pela sociedade. Assim, regularmente surgem novas propostas pedagógicas que visam melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem aumentando a participação e a colaboração do aluno no processo. A partir deste cenário, o presente artigo buscou investigar as contribuições da sala de Aula Invertida para o ensino de biologia em uma turma do curso Técnico em Edificações integrado ao ensino médio, visando reter maior tempo útil em sala para atividades práticas, questionamentos e resoluções de problemas. Para a metodologia da pesquisa, foram atribuídos aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos no formato de um questionário, o qual foi aplicado posteriormente às aulas ministradas no estágio de Biologia II. Assim, a cada semana foram enviados para os alunos antecipadamente vídeo aulas e materiais para estudo prévio. Como resultados da pesquisa, houve considerável receptividade da metodologia pelos estudantes, que apontaram potencialidades e limitações enxergadas ao longo do processo. Obteve-se ainda ganhos consideráveis quanto ao aumento das interações, diálogos e discussões realizadas em sala. Sugerindo, assim, que tal metodologia aproxima o conteúdo à realidade do estudante, podendo tornar a aprendizagem mais significativa.
Antagonismo de Trichoderma spp. no biocontrole de Fusarium moniliforme na cultura do milho
Authors: Dias Medeiros João Carlos , Martins Warlyton Silva , Ribeiro de Miranda Flavia Fernandes
Published: October 2020

A monocultura do milho favorece o surgimento de doenças com potencial de causar danos econômicos em lavouras. O fungo do gênero Fusarium ocupa um papel relevante entre as doenças que podem afetar esta cultura, a exemplo da podridão do colmo e raiz. Desse modo, objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar a capacidade de espécies de Trichoderma (T. viride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum e T. spp.) como agentes de biocontrole e/ou indução de resistência sobre o fungo Fusarium moniliforme, “in vitro” e “in vivo” em milho. Os ensaios foram desenvolvidos no Laboratório de Fitopatologia e Casa de Vegetação do Centro Universitário Católica do Tocantins - UniCatólica. No ensaio “in vitro” testou-se o antagonismo entre as espécies de Trichoderma e o patógeno F. moniliforme com o teste de confrontação direta do método de cultura pareada em disco de ágar em placas de petri. No teste “in vivo” o delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado do tipo fatorial 3x4X5, consistindo em três formas de aplicação (tratamento de sementes, tratamento de solo e aplicação foliar), quatro espécies de Trichoderma (T. viride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum e T. spp.) com cinco repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância a 5% de probabilidade, com teste Tukey para comparação das médias. Observou-se que a estirpe T. viride apresentou-se como expoente ao obter os maiores resultados em ambos os ensaios, inibindo 95% o crescimento do patógeno em meio de cultura. Conclui-se que as espécies de Trichoderma apresentam potencial antagônico contra F. moniliforme.
Educação de jovens e adultos: perfil do alunado e a formação dos professores de inglês
Authors: Santos Filho Agnaldo Pedro , De Jesus Couto Leda Regina
Published: October 2020

A Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) é garantida como direito pela Constituição Federal do Brasil desde o ano de 1988, conquanto, as políticas públicas para essa modalidade de ensino ainda são insuficientes e a EJA assume um caráter de ensino compensatório e excludente. Neste artigo, objetiva-se discutir o perfil desses jovens e adultos, bem como a formação de educadores na área de língua inglesa para uma EJA que busque a garantia aos direitos políticos, sociais, culturais, de trabalho e de cidadania. A metodologia utilizada para este estudo foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, que buscou, junto aos professores e pesquisadores da EJA e formação de professores, fazer uma discussão do tema em questão. Conclui-se que, de forma dialógica, crítica e interculturalmente comunicativa, educadores e educandos devem construir juntos uma aprendizagem que possibilite o uso da língua inglesa em um contexto real de comunicação.
Qualidade de vida no trabalho: uma análise sob a ótica dos docentes do IFNMG – Campus Araçuaí (MG)
Authors: Moura Lorena Luiz , Silva Sheldon William , Sarno Carvalho João Francisco , Ribeiro Kennya De Lima , Dos Santos Júnior Ismael Mendes
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender quais fatores influenciam a qualidade de vida no trabalho dos docentes do Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais - IFNMG - Campus Araçuaí e os impactos gerados em sua rotina profissional. O tema possui relevância para as organizações e para a rede federal de ensino de forma a analisar, sob a visão dos docentes, a qualidade de vida no trabalho, podendo, por meio do estudo, levantar possíveis mudanças que possam vir a ajudar na melhoria do desempenho dos professores. Com vistas a investigar o problema apresentado, esta pesquisa tem uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa, feita a partir de entrevistas e questionários aplicados aos docentes e gestores do Instituto. Sobre a avaliação dos resultados obtidos, observaram-se fatores considerados satisfatórios no sentido da qualidade de vida no trabalho para os docentes do presente estudo. Portanto, entende-se que a satisfação pessoal do docente e a forma como entendem a qualidade de vida no trabalho estão totalmente atreladas ao seu ambiente de trabalho.
ANALISIS PEMASANGAN PERANGKAT AUDIO DAN VISUAL DENGAN METODE PROJECT EVALUATE RIVIEW TECHNIQUE PADA PT. XYZ, JAKARTA
Authors: Ardhy Hizkia Danu , Sutawidjaya Ahmad Hidayat , Widyanty Winda
Published: October 2020

Perencanaan, pengawasan dan pengendalian sangat diperlukan dalam sebuah proyek. Keterlambatandalam penyelesaian proyek disebabkan oleh adanya perencanaan dan pengendalian proyek yang kurangefektif. Dampak dari ketidakefektifan tersebut akan mengakibatkan menurunnya kualitas proyek tersebut.Metode Project Evaluation Review and Technique (PERT) digunakan untuk mengatur waktu penyelesaianproyek sehingga lebih efektif dan efisien. Artikel ini memberi rekomendasi terhadap pemilik proyekpemasangan audio dan visual di PT.XYZ. Hasil analisa ini menunjukan bahwa proyek akan selesai denganpenambahan jam kerja selama 4 jam kerja per hari dan adanya penambahan biaya proyek.
PENGARUH HARGA DAN ULASAN PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN ONLINE
Authors: * Kuswanto , Vikaliana Resista
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan besarnya pengaruh harga dan ulasan produkterhadap keputusan pembelian online pada Toko Emershop di Tokopedia.com.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional. Regresi linierberganda digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen yang telahmelakukan transaksi pembelian di Toko Emershop daiTokopedia.com selama tiga bulan dengan jumlah367 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 73 responden, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknikaccidental sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh model regresi linier berganda Y = 7,269 + 0,510X1+0,522X2Sedangkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji t, harga dan review produk berpengaruhpositif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian online. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa semua variabelindependen dalam penelitian ini berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian online. Nilai RSquare sebesar 0,714 yang artinya variabel harga dan ulasan produk mempengaruhi keputusan pembelianonline sebesar 71,4%, sedangkan sisanya 28,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel di luar variabel yang diteliti.
PENGARUH INOVASI PRODUK DAN KREATIVITAS PEMASARAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN (STUDI PADA UMKM PRODUK ENDEK DI KOTA DENPASAR)
Authors: Ariani Ni Luh Putu , Handayani Made Mulia
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara sparsial maupun simultan antarainovasi produk dan kreativitas pemasaran terhadap kinerja pemasaran pada UMKM Produk Endek di KotaDenpasar. Metode sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan nonprobability sampling dengan teknikpengambilan sampel secara sampling jenuh (sensus), dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel,yaitu sebanyak 44 unit usaha yang tersebar di 4 (empat) di kecamatan di Kota Denpasar. Data dianalisisdengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, analisis determinasi, uji parsial (ttest), dan uji signifikan (F-test). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan secaraparsila maupun silmutan antara inovasi produk dan kreativitas pemasaran terhadap kinerja pemasaran padaUMKM Produk Endek di Kota Denpasar.
A REVIEW OF BIAS IN DECISION-MAKING MODELS
Authors: Poon Chong Peter , Lalla Terrence
Published: October 2020

A decision-making model solution is a dependent variable derived from independent variables, parameters and forcing functions. Independent variables collected in linguistic form require intuition which can be potentially biased. A collection of qualitative research papers on bias in models was perused to identify the causes of bias. Decision-making in the manufacturing, finance, law, and management industries require solutions from a complex assortment of data. The popularity of combining decision-making with artificial intelligence (AI) for intelligent systems causes concern, as it can be a predisposition to a true solution. A true solution avoids impartiality and maintains repeated results from a natural phenomenon without favoritism or discrimination. This paper appraised the development of the decision-making environment to identify the path and effect of bias on the variables used in models. The literature reviewed was associated with the design of a decision-making criterion rationalizing the application of variables. The influences on variables were observed with respect to the available resources, environment, and people. This list was further extended to consider the constraints of the resource, customer, network, and regulation fed to the structure. The involvement of bias was founded because of the need for rational decision making, cognitive misperceptions, and psychological principles. The study of variables showed the opportunity for a conscious bias from unethical actions during the development of a decision-making environment. In principle, bias may be best reduced with continuous model monitoring and fair adjustments. Ignoring these implications increases the chance of a bias decision-making model. It also influences the decision result and may be avoided with an ethical and fair quality review. The paper increases the awareness of bias in decision-making and guides actors to the identification and avoidance/reduction of bias effects. This may be a guide for the reduction of the model error to achieve a true solution.
A MACHINE LEARNING MODEL FOR AN EARTHQUAKE FORECASTING USING PARALLEL PROCESSING
Authors: Kollam Manoj , Joshi Ajay
Published: October 2020

Earthquake is a devastating natural hazard which has a capability to wipe out thousands of lives and cause economic loss to the geographical location. Seismic stations continuously gather data without the necessity of the occurrence of an event. The gathered data is processed by the model to forecast the occurrence of earthquakes. This paper presents a model to forecast earthquakes using Parallel processing. Machine Learning is rapidly taking over a variety of aspects in our daily lives. Even though Machine Learning methods can be used for analyzing data, in the scenario of event forecasts like earthquakes, performance of Machine Learning is limited as the data grows day by day. Using ML alone is not a perfect solution for the model. To increase the model performance and accuracy, a new ML model is designed using parallel processing. The drawbacks of ML using central processing unit (CPU) can be overcome byGraphic Processing unit (GPU) implementation, since the parallelism is naturally provided using framework for developing GPU utilizing computational algorithms, known as the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). The implementation of hybrid state vector machine (H-SVM) algorithm using parallel processing through CUDA is used to forecast earthquakes. Our experiments show that the GPU based implementation achieved typical speedup values in the range of 3-70 times compared to conventional central processing unit (CPU). Results of different experiments are discussed along with their consequences.
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETECTION OF UNFAIR PRICING IN SUPERMARKETS ACROSS TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
Authors: Ramdhanie Arti
Published: October 2020

The tracking of prices in monitored supermarkets across Trinidad and Tobago is done by the Ministry of Trade and Industry. This initiative involves data collection every month for 118 grocery items (“standard basket”). The task of identifying which supermarkets are non-conforming in their pricing schemes is linked to the “total basket price” (total cost of the 118 items). An outlier is defined as any datapoint that varies significantly from all other observations in a dataset. In this paper, it is any supermarket that exceeds this total basket price by 5%. The aim of this research was twofold, with the first goal being to employ feature selection methods to reduce the number of items being collected. The second goal was to create a logistic regression learning model that can identify whether supermarkets are non-conforming, given their pricing information. The dataset contained 692 datapoints and out of these, only eight (8) were classified as outliers. This is an imbalanced dataset. Resampling by SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) was used to synthetically generate data for the training set. Seven (7) feature selection methods were also investigated and their results discussed and analysed. In doing this, a more balanced dataset was achieved which was tested and validated on the unseen data (testing set). The metrics indicated that a subset of these features can be collected whilst still maintaining the supermarket outliers.
The Emergence and Character of chafing-dish-shaped earthenware in the Wooden chamber Tomb of Yeongnam Region
Authors: Lee Won Tae
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to discuss the emergence and character of chafingdish- shaped earthenware found in the wooden chamber tomb of Yeongnam Region from the Early Age of Three Empires. As a result, it shows that the chafing-dish-shaped earthenware from wooden chamber tomb in Young-nam area in Proto Three Kingdoms Age was found mainly in Ulsan and Gyeongju region, based on the current data only, and developed in Gyeongju district zone. Existing study divides chronology of the chafing-dish-shaped earthenware into 4 phases. The 1st phase is in the early 3rd century A.D., the 2nd phase in the mid 3rd century A.D., the 3rd phase in the late 3rd century A.D. and the 4th phase in the early 4th century A.D.. Hence, the chafing-dish-shaped earthenware started to appear in the early 3rd century A.D. and continued to last until the early 4th century A.D. Considering the accompanied relics and the scale of wooden chamber tomb, chafingdish- shaped earthenware seems to reflect the authority of people. In other words, it is possible that even the same earthenware can take different forms for the commoners and the ruling class. However, the accompanied relics and the scale of wooden chamber tomb degraded from the early 4th Century B.C. and chafing-dish-shaped earthenware weakened its representation of authority. Also, chafing-dish-shaped earthenware was newly developed along with other ceremonial earthenware. Considering the accompanied steel artifacts, they are rather unpractical to prove that they were related to ceremonies. In sum, chafing-dish-shaped earthenware seems to reflect the character of authority and ceremonies.
Classification and Chronology of Pedestal Bowl from Gyeongju Wolseong North Burial Ground
Authors: Park Hyoung-Youl , Seong Hak-Gyeong
Published: October 2020

This writing is on the subject of “Pedestal bowl” and mainly focused on categorizing objects regarding shape-related differences, changes of those objects in timeline and the locations of Silla pottery in different historical periods. Pedestal bowl is Bowl with Pedestal attached to it, and it is recognized in two different sorts: Handle pedestal bowl, if it has Handle and Pedestal bowl, if it doesn t have Handle. In detailed categorization, Pedestal bowl can be called differently: Notched band with Pedestal bowl, if its body has Notched band and Patternless- bowl of heels if its body doesn t have Notched band. In other Silla pottery researches previously done, the term of Pedestal bowl is mixedly used with words such as Handle- cup and Pedestal dish, which contributes more difficulties to a recognition of changes of Silla pottery in a time frame. Sometimes, errors were encountered by researchers from Chronology of Pedestal dish because Silla pottery was mistakenly put in the same category with Pedestal dish. In those reasons, each specific sorts of Pedestal bowl need to be correctly recognized and examined along with Pedestal bowl, Long-neck jar, Short-neck jar as a sub-class sort of Silla pottery. In this review, the subjects are discussed as the following order. First, Pedestal bowl and Pedestal dish are put in different groups through the exact definition of terms, and Pedestal bowl is sub-categorized through comparisons of its shapes. Moreover, changes which can be observed from objects are reviewed in regards of time and marked in period terms, chronically. Finally, Pedestal bowl is studied in terms of its changes in a time frame, the specifics of which are based on chronical records of each sort, and tried to be located in the specific time slot in a larger category of Silla pottery. In the process of this study, I recognized that Notched band with Pedestal bowl and Patternless-bowl of heels are normally not discovered together in many cases. Moreover, Handle Pedestal bowl was considered to have gone through some periods of its changes in shapes which were similar to Notched band with Pedestal bowl, and those changes were accompanied by its decrease in size. Also, it was also seen that Pedestal dish and Long-neck jar were not normally buried together, and uncategorized middle or small sized tombs can be recognized chronically through studies of its Pedestal bowl.
A Study on the Coins and Their Uses in the Chinese Han Dynasty Excavated in Japan and Southern Part of the Korean Peninsula.
Authors: Kwon Wook Taek
Published: October 2020

This study is focused on figuring out the changes in the coin use according to its inflow, use and disuse by comparing in what condition did the coins of Chinese Han(漢) era had excavated which have been found a lot in southern part of Korea and Japan. Also, this study suggests several possible causes of concentration of Huoquan(貨泉) in Japan. Since the 2nd century B.C., many polities have been formed in Korean peninsula and Japan and they started to obtain the relics of Han through Nakrang(樂浪) for their political purpose to strengthen their political power. Coins used in Han era are also thought to be obtained as prestige goods or souvenirs at first. To some point in 1st century B.C., coins are thought to be used in exchanging things for everyday life as a number of them were found in middle stops on coastal trade routes. Since it is assumed that there were times when these two forms of trade coexisted, coins must have been brought in various routes. Since the beginning of 1st century, some changes are found in the condition of coins being excavated, which is no longer buried in tombs, but only in coastal areas, and a number of them are excavated in Japan. Especially in Japan, a great number of coins named Huoquan are found due to the intentional spread of Nakrang. It is assumed that Nakrang supplied Wangmang coins to the surrounding areas which had lost their value for currency after the collapse of the Xin(新). Refer to documents and ethnographic examples, it is believe that Huoquan which had supplied to Korean peninsula and Japan might have been used for other uses, not for intended use. There are three possibilities for use: First, they could have been used for other purposes such as passes when Samhan(三韓) people trade with Nakrang, secondly, for foreign currency of Nakrang, and third, they might have lost their values so that discarded. Fourthly, they could be used to pray for the safety of the voyage.