bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of proper insulin injection technique training FOR achieving of good glycaemic control
Authors: Misnikova Inna V. , Gubkina Valeriya A. , Dreval Alexander V.
Published: December 2018

Inappropriate injection technique leads to incorrect insulin dosing, increased pain and impaired glucose control in patients with diabetes. This review examines in detail the results of two clinical studies, the Glycemic Impact of Insulin Injection Technique (GIIIT) and the UK Lipo Study (UKLS) that examined the effect of teaching patients proper injection techniques to achieve good glycemic control.
The GIIIT study included patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes (1870 years) who were on a regimen of multiple daily insulin injections. They were categorised into three groups: those that received structured injection technique training using 4-mm injection needles (TN), those that received injection technique training (T) and control (C). The UKLS study included 75 patients who received structured training to reduce the risk of developing lipohypertrophy.
Initially, deviations from proper insulin injection technique were observed in a majority of patients in both the studies. In the GIIIT study, 6 months after training under TN and T conditions, HbA1c decreased by 1%, with no observable changes under the C condition. The daily insulin dose was increased by 6 IU in all conditions. Overall, the use of 4-mm short needles reduced post-injective pain in all patients. In the UKLS study, for 6 months, the variability of glycemia and frequency of unexplained hypoglycaemia decreased as the daily dose of insulin decreased by an average 6 IU; in addition, HbA1c level decreased from 8.6% to 8.2%. Six months after the training, both studies noted a decrease in or disappearance of lipohypertrophy in the patients.
These results indicate that proper injection technique training improves glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
A constituição do campo acadêmico da política educacional no Brasil: Aspectos históricos
Authors: Stremel Silvana , Mainardes Jefferson
Published: December 2018

Este artigo analisa a constituição do campo acadêmico da política educacional no Brasil. A fundamentação teórica baseia-se nas contribuições da teoria de Pierre Bourdieu sobre a noção de campo. A partir dos resultados da análise das fontes da pesquisa, apresentam-se os aspectos históricos da constituição do campo acadêmico da política educacional no Brasil, divididos em três momentos, a saber:  1) Os antecedentes do campo acadêmico da política educacional no Brasil (década de 1820 a 1950); 2) A institucionalização do campo acadêmico da política educacional (a partir da década de 1960); e 3) A expansão do campo acadêmico da política educacional (a partir da década de 1990). Concluiu-se que se trata de um campo abrangente e em permanente expansão e construção. Devido a sua natureza, a política educacional não se constitui em monopólio de uma comunidade científica, de periódicos, de redes de pesquisa, etc., pois é algo de interesse público, podendo ser debatida em diferentes espaços sociais e políticos.
A gênese do ProEMI na perspectiva cognitiva das políticas públicas
Authors: Ferreira Eliza Bartolozzi
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o processo que deu origem ao Programa Ensino Médio Inovador (ProEMI) como forma de compreensão das ações empreendidas por atores públicos e privados na construção de um novo projeto para o ensino médio no Brasil. A análise busca compreender o quadro cognitivo e normativo que deu origem e tornou legítima essa política educacional, tendo em vista que uma política é resultante de um processo de interação e de relações de força. O ProEMI é uma política que busca transformar a ação pública de gestores, professores e alunos nas instituições de ensino médio do país. O estudo tem seu recorte temporal no período 2003-2016 e é desenvolvido na perspectiva teórica cognitiva de políticas públicas que tende a compreender a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas com base na relação entre política e a construção da ordem social e não apenas como um mecanismo de resolução de problemas. Constamos que o ProEMI se origina de uma ação pública de um certo número de atores que constroem e fazem aceitar uma matriz de interpretação do real, fazendo emergir e legitimar uma escolha pública de uma política para o ensino médio contra-hegemônica.
Perspectivas e desafios para a Educação Superior na América Latina e o Caribe: Entrevista com Roberto Leher, Reitor da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, com comentários de Mário Luiz de Azevedo, da Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Authors: Leal Fernanda Geremias , Leher Roberto , De Azevedo Mário Luiz Luiz Neves
Published: December 2018

Apresenta-se uma entrevista realizada com o professor Roberto Leher, Reitor da maior universidade pública federal do Brasil, a Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), sobre a conjuntura da Educação Superior no país e na América Latina e Caribe. Mostram-se os preparativos feitos pela Asociación de Universidades Grupo Montevideo (AUGM), criada em 1990 e composta por 35 universidades públicas da Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Paraguai e Uruguai, para a III Conferência Regional para a Educação Superior (CRES), realizada em Córdoba, na Argentina, em junho de 2018. A entrevista aborda, entre outros aspectos, a Educação Superior como bem público e direito humano fundamental social e individual; a mercantilização do setor na América Latina; a influência de organismos internacionais nos rumos da educação superior mundial; o avanço da ciência e os desafios de desenvolvimento dos países da região; a importância da CRES para o futuro da universidade, bem comoo papel da participação e da mobilização estudantil nesse cenário. Ao final da entrevista, expõe-se uma análise com comentários do professor Mário Luiz Neves de Azevedo, pesquisador do tema no Brasil.
Sodelovanje med medicinskimi sestrami in zdravniki
Authors: Strauss Maja , Goriup Jana , Križmarić Miljenko , Koželj Anton
Published: December 2018

Uvod: Dobro sodelovanje med zdravniki in medicinskimi sestrami omogoča višjo kakovost zdravstvene obravnave pacientov. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako odnose med medicinskimi sestrami in zdravniki ocenjujejo študenti zdravstvene nege in medicine. Metode: V neeksperimentalni kvantitativni raziskavi je bila uporabljena Jeffersonova lestvica za oceno sodelovanja med zdravniki in medicinskimi sestrami. V priložnostni vzorec je bilo zajetih 428 študentov. Od tega 235 (54,9 %) študentov zdravstvene nege in 193 (45,1 %) študentov medicine. Podatki so bili analizirani z bivariatno statistiko in t-testom. Rezultati: Ugotovitve kažejo statistično pomembne razlike glede na spol anketirancev, pri nekaterih trditvah pa tudi glede na vrsto študija.  Anketiranke so se v večji meri strinjale s trditvami. Največja razlika glede na spol anketiranih je bila pri trditvi, da bi morali biti študentje medicine in zdravstvene nege vključeni v timsko delo, da bi razumeli svoje vloge (t = 2,59, p = 0,010). Študentje zdravstvene nege so se večinoma bolj strinjali s trditvami kot študentje medicine. V primerjavi med vrstama študija je bila največja razlika glede strinjanja pri trditvi »Na medicinsko sestro je treba gledati kot na zdravnikovo sodelavko in kolegico in ne kot na pomočnico« (t = 15,24, p < 0,001). Diskusija in zaključek: Ugotovitve kažejo statistično pomembne razlike v oceni odnosov med medicinskimi sestrami in zdravniki glede na spol anketiranih ter vrsto študija. Razlike glede različnih pogledov študentov obeh fakultet ponujajo priložnost za načrtovanje obeh izobraževanih programov.
Jezikovne prepreke pri zdravstveni negi tujegovorečih pacientov
Authors: Štante Anja , Mlinar Reljić Nataša , Donik Barbara
Published: December 2018

Uvod: Jezikovne prepreke ob stiku s tujegovorečim pacientom močno vplivajo na kakovost zdravstvene nege, saj onemogočajo učinkovito komunikacijo med medicinsko sestro in pacientom. Ne glede na spol, narodnost, raso, etnično poreklo, versko pripadnost ali drugo osebno okoliščino imajo pacienti pravico do enake obravnave pri zdravstveni oskrbi. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako se medicinske sestre soočajo z jezikovnimi preprekami pri zdravstveni negi tujegovorečih pacientov. Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna metodologija raziskovanja. Podatki so bili zbrani z delno strukturiranimi intervjuji (n = 5). Vzorec je bil namenski. Za analizo podatkov je bila uporabljena metoda konvencionalne vsebinske analize besedila. Rezultati: S pomočjo vsebinske analize so bile oblikovane tri kategorije proučevanega fenomena: (1) Stik s tujegovorečim pacientom; (2) Soočanje s tujegovorečim pacientom; (3) Reševanje težav v komunikaciji s tujegovorečim pacientom. Soočanje s tujegovorečimi pacienti udeležencem v raziskavi predstavlja stisko, vendar ohranjajo empatičen odnos in se zavedajo nevarnosti, ki jih jezikovne prepreke predstavljajo za pacientovo varnost. Diskusija in zaključek: Udeleženci v raziskavi opozarjajo, da jezikovne prepreke lahko predstavljajo večja tveganja na področju zagotavljanja pacientove varnosti. Obravnavano področje je v slovenskem prostoru slabše raziskano, zato bi bilo treba proučiti različne dimenzije tako jezikovnih kot tudi kulturnih preprek ter sistemsko urediti področje zdravstvene obravnave tujegovorečih pacientov. To bi pomembno prispevalo k vzpostavitvi uspešne komunikacije ter varni in kakovostni zdravstveni negi.
Identifikacija priporočil, razvoj in testiranje uporabe piktogramov za izboljšanje komunikacije starejših v socialnovarstvenih zavodih
Authors: Krantić Nadis , Babnik Katarina , Žvanut Boštjan
Published: December 2018

Uvod: Piktogrami so slikovno komunikacijsko orodje, ki izboljšuje komunikacijo med izvajalci zdravstvenih in socialnih storitev ter starejšimi. Raziskava je zasledovala tri cilje: (i) identificirati priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov, primernih za starejše v socialnovarstvenih zavodih; (ii) na podlagi identificiranih priporočil razviti piktograme; (iii) ovrednotiti njihovo uporabnost.

Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kombiniranem pristopu in so jo sestavljali trije deli: (i) analiza znanstvene in strokovne literature ter izvedba intervjujev s štirimi medicinskimi sestrami v socialnovarstvenih zavodih za identifikacijo priporočil za izdelavo piktogramov; (ii) izdelava piktogramov; (iii) evalvacija piktogramov s kvazieksperimentom. Za statistično obdelavo podatkov je uporabljena univariatna analiza (izračun frekvenc in relativnih frekvenc).

Rezultati: Identificirana priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov se nanašajo na njihovo splošno zasnovo, uporabo barv in oblik ter lokacijo. Intervjuji so natančneje opredelili priporočljivo lokacijo piktogramov ter konkretne potrebe po njihovi sporočilnosti: »nevarnost opeklin«, »higiena rok«, »nevarnost padca«, »nevarnost udarca vrat«, »jedilnica«, »delovna terapija«. Evalvacija izdelanih piktogramov s tridesetimi starejšimi iz socialnovarstvenega zavoda je pokazala ustrezno razumljivost, tri vodje služb za zdravstveno nego in oskrbo pa so potrdile njihovo uporabnost.

Diskusija in zaključek: Identificirana priporočila predstavljajo dobro osnovo za nadaljnjo izdelavo piktogramov za starejše iz socialnovarstvenih zavodov. Pogostejša uporaba piktogramov v socialnovarstvenih zavodih bi izboljšala komunikacijo s starejšimi in nudila ustrezno pomoč pri zagotavljanju njihove varnosti in ustrezne orientacije.
Management of frailty at individual level – Frailty prevention
Authors: Gabrovec Branko , Skela-Savič Brigita
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a diminished physiological reserve of multiple organs, which means increased of vulnerability of older people to adverse outcomes. As the process which leads to frailty can be decelerated or even completely reversed, early prevention interventions are crucial.

Methodology: A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Cinahl and  UpToDate. The criterion in selecting the literature was that articles were published from 2002 to 2017. From 391.910 initial hits, 31 publications were selected.

Results: Early diagnosis of frailty and functional decline are considered effective measures against age-related comorbidities. Targeted interventions have a significant impact on preventing the progression of frailty and the negative consequences of frailty. Lifestyle, including physical activity (particularly resistance exercise) and nutrition (higher protein intake and vitamin D supplement), is a good measure for preventing disorders associated with age.

Conclusion: Targeted interventions have a significant modifiable influence on preventing frailty. Frailty management and early interventions comprise comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach including clinical management with physical management, nutrition and drugs.
Spaces of inclusion and belonging: The learning imaginaries of doctoral students in a multi-campus and distance university
Authors: Carvalho Lucila , Garduno Freeman Cristina , Kearney Alison , Mentis Mandia , Martinez-Maldonado Roberto
Published: December 2018

Doctoral studies are often described as solitary and challenging endeavors, dependent on candidates’ highly developed skills, self-driven nature, and commitment to engage in years of research activity. A range of university initiatives are specially crafted to support higher research degree students, for example, through digital and physical resources, workshops, group gatherings, and others. Our project examines what constitutes significant places for learning and experiences of inclusion amongst doctoral students, and ways of capturing and sharing these experiences with those learning at distance and on university campuses. Our focus is on connections between social values and the built environment, and on developing ways of expressing these values through students’ representations of places for learning. This paper reports on interviews with doctoral students’ discussing their connections to on-campus and distance places for learning – within the digital and physical landscapes of a multi-campus university, with provision for both, internal and distance students. Our findings reveal the ways doctoral students navigate the digital and physical realms of university spaces, the places they inhabit and value, their attachments to things, and how these, in turn, influence their feelings of inclusion, belonging, and learning purpose.
Moving from pedagogical challenge to ergonomic challenge: Translating epistemology into the built environment for learning
Authors: Yeoman Pippa , Ashmore Nathan
Published: December 2018

In response to an acknowledged gap in the literature – concerning a lack of actionable knowledge about the relations between the designed environment and learning activity – we make a case for moving the field forward by reframing pedagogical challenges in ergonomic terms in order to reach satisfactory epistemic resolutions. This article reflects a time-honoured way of learning through apprenticeship and was produced through the collaborative efforts of an educational researcher and a specialist in audiovisual design. Drawing on our recent participation in the redevelopment of university teaching facilities, this case study explores how educational design ideas persist over the duration of large infrastructure developments. This article offers an overview of the 16-month design process, followed by a reframing of the underlying pedagogical challenges using the activity centred analysis and design framework (Goodyear & Carvalho, 2014), an analysis of the ergonomic solution presented in the final project documents, and a discussion of the epistemic resolution of two particularly demanding design challenges. It makes a theoretical contribution using the notion of epistemic apprenticeship to explore how educational design teams innovate in the absence of pedagogical evidence, and a methodological contribution that builds on analysis to connect epistemic intentions and pedagogical practice over time.
Between Numbers and Images: The Many Meanings of Trigram Gen 艮 in The Early Yijing
Authors: Schwartz Adam
Published: December 2018

This paper examines the images of trigram Gen in the Yijing, with a focus on images in the Shuogua 說卦 commentary. The Shuogua presents images either found in or to be extrapolated from the base text within a structured and highly interpretive system that forms “image programs” for each of the eight trigrams. I argue the Shuogua’s image programs have a defined architecture, and its images are not random lists of words collected without an agenda and devoid of relationships and mutual interaction with others. My main thesis is a high percentage of images in the Changes developed through a simple and direct pictographic method, like the one used in a recently discovered Warring States period divination guidebook called Shifa 筮法 (Method of Milfoil Divination*), that was done by matching the graphic shapes of individual numbers and the overall shapes of numbers in three-line combination to shapes of real objects and logographs. If a diviner could see so many pictographic images in single numbers and sequences of numbers in combination, like what we now see in operation in the Shifa, then we ought to assume that a deeper repository of subjective and innovative images could be observed in number combinations at the multiline, trigram, and hexagram levels. Stated directly, trigram and hexagram diagrams were not pictorially meaningless; numbers produced images, and images produced the words and judgments that form early layers of text. Professional diviners had an expert knowledge of the tradition and Warring States use of the Changes continued to develop and explain image programs for the eight trigrams along these guidelines.
Secular Reason as a Tool of the Early Jesuit Mission to China
Authors: Ambrogio Selusi
Published: December 2018

This paper provides an investigation into Jesuits’ use of secular dialectical strategies during the early part of their evangelization mission in China. In order to prove the relevance of rhetoric stratagems – i. e. scientific verification, logic and universalism of norms – in their attack against Buddhism, this article examines a neglected text, Posthumous Disputes (Bianxue yidu 辯學遺牘). While the Posthumous Disputes (PD) was improperly attributed to Ricci, it is a prime example of Ricci’s accommodation method. Documenting the first real confrontation between a Buddhist and a Christian in China, this text provides an extraordinary window into the first dispute between Europe and China. The secular method of accommodation modelled by Ricci to convert Chinese literati was grounded in the universality of reason that he inherited from Aristotle and Aquinas and the fascination with Western science and techniques. The author uses the universality of reason to both reject Buddhism and Daoism as irrational, unscientific, and non-universal and to present the Christian faith as the most rational doctrine.
Le Confucianisme existe-t-il ?
Authors: Levi Jean
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’emploie à réfuter la thèse à la mode selon laquelle à date ancienne il n’existerait pas d’école confucianiste à proprement parler, d’une part en démontant les arguments des tenants de cette théorie et en second lieu en proposant une nouvelle lecture des documents à notre disposition.
Linguistic Proficiency: A Quantitative Approach to Immigrant and Heritage Speakers of Danish
Authors: Petersen Jan Heegård , Foget Hansen Gert , Thøgersen Jacob , Kühl Karoline
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a corpus-based quantitative study on linguistic proficiency of approx. 300 immigrant and heritage speakers of Danish in North America and Argentina, aiming at the question whether linguistic proficiency is connected to ‘immigrant generation’ (i.e. the difference between speakers who migrated as adults with a fully acquired language competence and foreign-born heritage speakers) or the sociocultural setting, or both. The large data base at hand provides a rare opportunity to compare developments within the same minority language in different places, representing different sociocultural settings for the immigrant or heritage speakers and, accordingly, different language ecologies. The study relies on the Corpus of American Danish (1.6 million tokens, including both words and non-word utterances). Based on this data set, the paper explores the distribution of 13 linguistic and non-linguistic variables representing linguistic proficiency (i.e. Danish words, L2 words, word-internal codeswitching, type-token ratio, empty and filled pauses, self-interruption, lengthening, speech rate, word length, runlength and the ratio of main and subclauses) by applying Factor Analysis as a statistical tool. On an empirically solid basis, the paper concludes that (a) the sociolinguistic setting is the crucial factor in the development of linguistic proficiency and (b) linguistic proficiency is a non-universal cognitive phenomenon.
Les formules des traces relatives de Jacquet–Rallis
grossières
Authors: Zydor Michał
Published: December 2018

On établit les formules des traces relatives de Jacques–Rallis grossières pour les groupes
linéaires et unitaires.
Les deux formules sont sous la forme suivante: une somme des distributions spectrales est égale à une somme des distributions géométriques.
Pour établir les développements spectraux on introduit de nouveaux opérateurs de troncature et on étudie
leur propriétés.
Du côté géométrique, en utilisant les applications de Cayley,
les développements s’obtiennent par un argument de descente vers les espaces
tangents pour lesquels les formules sont connues grâce à nos travaux précédents.

We establish the coarse relative trace formulae of Jacquet–Rallis for linear and unitary groups.
Both formulae are of the form: a sum of spectral distributions equals a sum of geometric distributions.
In order to obtain the spectral decompositions we introduce new truncation operators and we investigate their properties.
On the geometric side, by means of the Cayley transform,
the decompositions are derived from a procedure of descent to the tangent spaces for which the formulae
are known thanks to our previous work.
Irreducible components of the eigencurve of finite degree are finite over the weight space
Authors: Hattori Shin , Newton James
Published: December 2018

Let p be a rational prime and N a positive integer which is prime to p.
Let

𝒲

{\mathcal{W}}

be the p-adic weight space for

GL

2
,
ℚ

{{\mathrm{GL}}_{2,\mathbb{Q}}}

. Let

𝒞
N

{\mathcal{C}_{N}}

be the p-adic Coleman–Mazur eigencurve of tame level N. In this paper, we
prove that any irreducible component of

𝒞
N

{\mathcal{C}_{N}}

which is of finite degree over

𝒲

{\mathcal{W}}

is in fact finite over

𝒲

{\mathcal{W}}

.

Combined with an argument of Chenevier and
a conjecture of Coleman–Mazur–Buzzard–Kilford (which has been proven in special cases, and
for general quaternionic eigencurves) this shows that the only finite degree
components of the eigencurve are the ordinary components.
When the sieve works II
Authors: Matomäki Kaisa , Shao Xuancheng
Published: December 2018

For a set of primes

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

, let

Ψ
⁢

(
x
;
𝒫
)

{\Psi(x;\mathcal{P})}

be the number of positive integers

n
≤
x

{n\leq x}

all of whose prime factors lie in

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

. In this paper we classify the sets of primes

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

such that

Ψ
⁢

(
x
;
𝒫
)

{\Psi(x;\mathcal{P})}

is within a constant factor of its expected value. This task was recently initiated by Granville, Koukoulopoulos and Matomäki [A. Granville, D. Koukoulopoulos and K. Matomäki,
When the sieve works,
Duke Math. J. 164 2015, 10, 1935–1969] and their main conjecture is proved in this paper. In particular, our main theorem implies that, if not too many large primes are sieved out in the sense that

∑

p
∈
𝒫

x

1
/
v

<
p
≤

x

1
/
u

1
p

≥

1
+
ε

u

,

\sum_{\begin{subarray}{c}p\in\mathcal{P}\\
x^{1/v}

0

{\varepsilon>0}

and

v
≥
u
≥
1

{v\geq u\geq 1}

, then

Ψ
⁢

(
x
;
𝒫
)

≫

ε
,
v

x
⁢

∏

p
≤
x

p
∉
𝒫

(

1
-

1
p

)

.

\Psi(x;\mathcal{P})\gg_{\varepsilon,v}x\prod_{\begin{subarray}{c}p\leq x\\
p\notin\mathcal{P}\end{subarray}}\bigg{(}1-\frac{1}{p}\bigg{)}.
An elementary proof of the Eichler–Selberg trace formula
Authors: Popa Alexandru A. , Zagier Don
Published: December 2018

We give a purely algebraic proof of the trace formula for Hecke operators on modular forms
for the full modular group

SL
2

⁢

(
ℤ
)

{\mathrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})}

, using the action of Hecke operators
on the space of period polynomials. This approach, which can also be applied
for congruence subgroups, is more elementary than the classical ones
using kernel functions, and avoids the analytic difficulties inherent in the latter
(especially in weight two).
Our main result is an algebraic property of a special Hecke element that involves
neither period polynomials nor modular forms, yet immediately implies both the trace
formula and the classical Kronecker–Hurwitz class number relation. This key property
can be seen as providing a bridge between the conjugacy classes and the right cosets
contained in a given double coset of the modular group.
Oscillatory singular integral operators with Hölder class kernels on Hardy spaces
Authors: Pan Yibiao
Published: December 2018

A sharp logarithmic bound is established for the

H
1

{H^{1}}

-norm of oscillatory singular integrals with quadratic phases and Hölder class kernels. Prior results had relied on a

C
1

{C^{1}}

-assumption on the kernel.
A Strain-Compensated Constitutive Model for Describing the Hot Compressive Deformation Behaviors of an Aged Inconel 718 Superalloy
Authors: Zhou Ying , Chen Xiao-Min , Qin Shengfeng
Published: December 2018

The hot deformation behaviors of an aged Inconel 718 superalloy are investigated by isothermal compression experiments at four strain rates and five deformation temperatures on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The experimental results show that the true stresses are obviously affected by strain rate and deformation temperature. The true stress increases rapidly at the beginning of hot compressive deformation, which ascribes to the intense work hardening. The true stresses at high deformation temperatures are lower than those at lower deformation temperatures. The dynamic softening induced by DRX is weak at a relatively low deformation temperature. A strain-compensated Arrhenius-type constitutive equation linked with true stress, strain rate and deformation temperature is developed for the studied superalloy. The material constants (

α

\alpha

, n, Q and A) in the developed model are expressed as the functions of true strain. The flow stresses calculated by the developed constitutive equation are nicely consistent with the experimental ones, which confirms that the developed constitutive equation can accurately describe the hot deformation behaviors of the studied superalloy.
Health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior of university students in the northeast part of Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Mahmuda , Chowdhury Muhammad Abdul Baker , Islam Md Nazrul , Ahmed Arifa , Zahan Farha Nusrat , Akter Mst. Farzana , Mila Shamima Naznin , Tani Tania Akhter , Akter Tanjila , Islam Tanjila , Uddin Md Jamal
Published: December 2018

Introduction

University students generally face a variety of challenges. During this period of life, they practice some unhealthy eating patterns and lifestyles. Therefore, we aimed to assess the health awareness status of university students from the northeast part of Bangladesh and to evaluate its associated factors.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study using a stratified random sampling among public and private university students from the northeast region of Bangladesh and interviewed 1143 students. We used a self-reported questionnaire, including questions related to awareness status, lifestyle practice, dietary habit and socio-demographic factors. To assess students’ health awareness status and its association with their lifestyle practices and socio-demographic factors, we used logistic regression models.

Results

The majority (61%) of the students were not aware of better health status and their dietary habits were not adequate. Smokers [odds ratio (OR): 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 0.99] were less likely to be aware of better health status. The participants who thought that they were leading a healthy lifestyle were less likely (OR: 0.71; CI: 0.56, 0.92) to be aware. Moreover, frequency of participating in sports and the psychological factors related to eating behaviors were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with health awareness status.

Conclusion

Our study findings may help to create a foundation for possible interventional programs on health awareness and nutritional education to improve the health awareness status and dietary behavior of university students. To prevent students from poor eating habits while feeling happy, effective programs (e.g. seminars, projects and media campaigns) should be held, which may include enhancing healthy and recommended amounts of food consumption.
Parametric Regression Analysis with Covariate Misclassification in Main Study/Validation Study Designs
Authors: Yi Grace Y. , Yan Ying , Liao Xiaomei , Spiegelman Donna
Published: December 2018

Measurement error and misclassification have long been a concern in many fields, including medicine, administrative health care data, epidemiology, and survey sampling. It is known that measurement error and misclassification may seriously degrade the quality of estimation and inference, and should be avoided whenever possible. However, in practice, it is inevitable that measurements contain error for a variety of reasons. It is thus necessary to develop statistical strategies to cope with this issue. Although many inference methods have been proposed in the literature to address mis-measurement effects, some important issues remain unexplored. Typically, it is generally unclear how the available methods may perform relative to each other. In this paper, capitalizing on the unique feature of discrete variables, we consider settings with misclassified binary covariates and investigate issues concerning covariate misclassification; our development parallels available strategies for handling measurement error in continuous covariates. Under a unified framework, we examine a number of valid inferential procedures for practical settings where a validation study, either internal or external, is available besides a main study. Furthermore, we compare the relative performance of these methods and make practical recommendations.
MILK JAM OR DULCE DE LECHE: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: YÜKSEL ÖNÜR Zerrin
Published: December 2018

Physicochemical characterization
of Dulce de Leche (DL) or milk jam, a type of sweetened concentrated milk
especially popular in South America, was carried out on six commercial brands
produced in Turkey. One of the samples was prepared using sheep milk while the
others were purchased from local retailers. Solid content, protein, fat, ash,
pH and lactic acid content were determined. Lightness, yellowness and redness
as color parameters of the DL samples were evaluated. Carbohydrate profile and
contents in DL samples were also determined by HPLC. The data were treated
using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Extensive variability among all the
parameters evaluated was observed, as a result of using different DL production
procedures in the dairies. In this regard, PCA was shown to be useful to
separate the DL samples with distinct physicochemical characteristics and to
assess the influence of different production techniques on the properties of DL
samples.
Inhibitors of apoptosis protect the ovarian reserve from cyclophosphamide
Authors: Luan Yi , Edmonds Maxwell E , Woodruff Teresa K , Kim So-Youn
Published: December 2018

Cancer therapy can cause off-target effects including ovarian damage, which may result in primary ovarian insufficiency in girls and premenopausal women. Loss of ovarian follicles within the ovarian reserve leads to ovarian endocrine dysfunction and impaired fertility. Cyclophosphamide (CPA), a commonly used chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressant agent, is a gonadotoxic agent that destroys ovarian cells by crosslinking DNA. To protect the ovary against CPA damage, we sought to precisely map the mechanism by which the ovarian reserve is depleted by CPA. We found that CPA specifically depletes primordial follicles without affecting primary and secondary follicles in three independent murine strains (CD-1, C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ)in vivo. We directly tested the effect of the active metabolite of CPA, 1 μM 4-hydroxyperoxycyclophophamide (4-HC),in vitroand confirmed the loss of primordial oocytes but no change in the number of primary and secondary follicles. We demonstrated that phospho-AKT (p-AKT) and cleaved PARP (cPARP) are present in primordial oocytes 3 days after CPA injection, consistent with the role of these markers as part of the apoptotic cascade. Interestingly, p-AKT positive primordial oocytes co-expressed cPARP. Treatment of animals with specific inhibitors of apoptotic pathway components, ETP46464 and CHK2, blocked 4-HC‒induced DNA damagein vitro.These data suggest that CPA targets primordial germ cells in the ovarian reserve by stimulating apoptosis pathways. Adjuvant therapies to protect primordial germ cells from the off-target effects of CPA may reduce the risk of POI.
Correlation of Ultrasound and RIPASA Scoring System in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: BANSAL Anand Rai , JENA Suvendu Sekhar , KUMAR Sanjeev
Published: December 2018

Objective: Correlation of Ultrasound and RIPASA scoring system in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Study Design: 50 patients presenting to emergency underwent ultrasound and evaluation as per RIPASA scoring system followed by emergency appendicectomy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value calculated for each goups. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value for ultrasound were 75.51%, 100%, 100% and 7.69% respectively and that for RIPASA scoring system were 93.9%, 100% 100% and 25% respectively. The negative appendicectomy rate was 2%. Conclusion: RIPASA scoring system may be used for correctly diagnosing acute appendicitis but low sensitivity of ultrasound precludes its routine use and may be used as a complementary tool in diagnosing acute appendicitis. Keywards: Acute Appendictis, RIPASA, Ultrasound.
Imaginarios de sexualidad en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Zambrano-Plata Gloria Esperanza , Bautista-Rodriguez Luz Marina , López-Zambrano Valeria Sofía
Published: December 2018

Objetivo Describir y explicar los imaginarios sobre sexualidad que tienen los estudiantes universitarios al comienzo de su formación profesional.Métodos Estudio con enfoque cualitativo, en el que se utilizó como metodología y método la teoría fundamentada; en total participaron 11 estudiantes que se encontraban matriculados en primer semestre en diferentes programas presenciales de pregrado; la recolección de la información se realizó mediante 25 entrevistas a profundidad, con un promedio de dos entrevistas por informante.Resultados A partir de los datos surgieron seis categorías: socialización de la sexualidad en la familia; socialización de la sexualidad en la escuela; socialización de la sexualidad en los medios de comunicación; socialización de la sexualidad con los pares; imaginario tradicional de sexualidad; imaginario liberal de la sexualidad. Finalmente, a partir de las categorías generales emergió la teoría sustantiva: imaginarios de sexualidad entre la adaptación y la resistencia.Discusión El planteamiento teórico, describe como los jóvenes van interiorizando los símbolos y visiones de la sexualidad que van aprendiendo antes de ingresar a la universidad, en los procesos de socialización en la familia, la escuela, los medios de comunicación, los pares y sus propias experiencias. Esta interiorización no es totalmente pasiva, sino que en el joven se van dando unos procesos de confrontación de estas visiones que los llevan a adaptarse o a resistirse.
Epidemiologia dos acidentes por animais peçonhentos e a distribuição de soros: estado de arte e a situação mundial
Authors: Salomão Maria da Graça
Published: December 2018

Acidentes por animais peçonhentos são discutidos sob perspectiva histórica de ações de estado. Considerados doenças negligenciadas eles causam prejuízos sociais e econômicos, em pessoas em idade produtiva de regiões rurais em países pobres. Poucos países dispõem de políticas públicas de saúde para profilaxia e tratamento adequadas e as maiores perdas ocorrem na África e Ásia. Os 46 produtores mundiais de soros não suprem as necessidades globais e acesso ao tratamento é difícil, mesmo em países com produção própria. Sistemas de Notificação produzem levantamentos imprecisos sobre necessidades de soro e apesar da notificação compulsória, o Brasil carece de bancos de dados robustos de amplo acesso. O Rio Grande do Sul, tem um dos sistemas mais eficientes, permitindo a chegada do soro em tempo seguro para o atendimento de qualidade. Muito se avançou em testes diagnóstico, porém sua aplicação em áreas pobres é inviabilizada pelos custos. Melhorias na qualidade de produção dos soros, via boas práticas laboratoriais e fabris, minimizam resultados insatisfatórios de tratamentos com produtos de origem e ação duvidosa. Desenvolvimento de soros empregando Biotecnologia e Ensaios Clínicos bem desenhados, são chave para tratamento de envenenamentos por agentes aparentados em diferentes regiões (soros continentais ou universais). Parcerias internacionais são fundamentais, além de estoques reguladores, semelhantes aos adotados em vacinas, para suprir a demanda mundial. A qualificação dos soros antivenenos certamente minimizará equívocos de uso. Apoio governamental à pesquisa é alavanca propulsora e a ferramenta mais eficiente de preservação da vida, evitando sobrecargas social e previdenciária principalmente em países em desenvolvimento.
Servqual Gap and Comparative Analysis of Service Quality Perception: Determination Framework and Critical Factors for Submission of Service Quality in the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) in Sukawati District, Gianyar Region, Bali - Indonesia
Authors: Atmaja Ni Putu Cempaka Dharmadewi , Utami Ni Made Satya
Published: December 2018

This study aims to find out the critical factors in delivering the quality of services at the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) in Sukawati District. Determination of critical factors based on Servqual Gap is a comparison between expectations and perceptions of the quality of service perceived by patients/ public health visitors. The research method is using qualitative descriptive analysis. The critical factor is determined by making a Cartesian diagram which is sourced from Serqual GAP. Data was obtained from the distribution of questionnaires to 200 respondents. The results of the data analysis concluded that there were 10 indicators in the Puskesmas Sukawati I that were categorized as critical factors that had to be corrected immediately. While Puskesmas Sukawati II there are 2 indicators that must immediately be improved. The comparative analysis shows that there is a significant difference between patient expectations and perceptions of perceived service quality. This result is certainly a consideration for the management of the Puskesmas to be able to assess the accuracy of the services provided to the community so that it can improve the quality of services in the future.
The Role of Work Motivation in Mediating the Effect Self Esteem and Self Efficacy on Employee Performance at CV. Alam Tanpaka, Denpasar Bali
Authors: Widyawati Sapta Rini , Sujana I Wayan , Sukadana I Wayan
Published: December 2018

This study aims to analyze the role of work motivation in mediating the effect self esteem and self efficacy on employee performance at CV. Alam Tanpaka, Denpasar Bali. The study was conducted in 2018, with data collection techniques through interviews and questionnaires. The number of respondents is 52 employees. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the SPSS Version 23 application for Windows and Sobel test. The results showed that self esteem, self efficacy had no effect on work motivation, self esteem had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, work motivation had a significant role in mediating self esteem influencing employee performance, self efficacy had no effect on employee performance, work motivation had not significant role in mediating self efficacy influences employee performance, work motivation does not affect employee performance on CV. Alam Tanpaka, Denpasar Bali.
January Effect on Stock in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII)
Authors: Ansori Nuni Diyah , Wiagustini Ni Luh Putu
Published: December 2018

January is the month in which investors expect to get an abnormal return because companies start new activities in another year, the company's reaction can create a reaction to the price of its shares. At the beginning of the year or in January investors are hoping to get a higher return. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in abnormal returns before and after January in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 20 13 to 201 7. Samples were determined by purposive sampling technique, with criteria: (1) The company always active during the JII publication period, namely from January 2013 to December 201 7, because if the data is not available then the results will be biased; (2) Companies that belong to the JII group from 2013 to 2017, which are always included in the consecutive research period; and (3) Having complete transaction data during the observation period is in accordance with the research variable. Based on these criteria, 14 samples were obtained. This study included an event study with a 5-year observation period. Testing the research hypothesis using analytical techniques Different tests (t-test). The test results showed that there were no differences in abnormal returns before and after January in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, in other words the January effect was not proven in this study.
Luder’s Contingency Model in the Implementation of E-Government and its Impact on Government Performance in South Sulawesi
Authors: Mchran Muchriana , Pagalung Gagaring , . Harryanto , . Mediaty
Published: December 2018

This study aims to look at the performance of Indonesian local governments by looking at social culture, politics, and administration through information technology as a moderating variable. This research was conducted in 9 regions with the object of research namely the DPRD, OPD and the community. Data collection techniques use questionnaires. The results of the study show that (1) social culture does not affect the performance of the government. (2) Accounting information technology is able to strengthen social cultural relations to government performance (3) political culture does not affect government performance. (4) Accounting information technology is able to strengthen the relationship of political culture to government performance (5) administrative culture influences government performance. (6) Accounting information technology is able to strengthen social cultural relations to government performance
Nature and Tends of Islamic Judicial System: A Comparative study
Authors: Hossain Md. Zakir
Published: December 2018

Man is a social being by nature.  He cannot live perpetually on his own completely independent of others. People are independent.  Consequently, fiction arises between them when their personal interests come into conflict with each other, or when what they perceive as their individual rights infringe upon those of others. Conflict between them inevitably break out. In some cases, one party to the conflict might be strong and aggressive while the other is weak and condescending, incapable of defending his rights. Because of this, it becomes necessary for there to be a way to prevent people from oppressing one another, to ensure that the weaker members of society receive justice, and to determine right from wrong when issues get complicated or uncertain. This can only be realized through a judge that has the power to give legal verdicts in case of dispute. For this reason, we find that the existence of a judge is considered by Islamic law and the laws of all the other revealed religions to be both a religious obligation and a necessity of human life. The Islamic laws that confirmed the will of God can ensure justice for humanity, which is absolutely impossible by secular and man-made law. Allah says: The command (or the judgment) is for none but Allah” (Quranul karim, Sura Yousuf, 12:40)1

There has been some propaganda by the western society that punishment in Islamic penal code is one kind of cruelty for humanity, such comment to make because of their ignorance about Islamic Law. Islam- the religion that God wants for mankind from the time that HE sent Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him until the Day of Judgment-shows great concern for the judicial system and those appointed to carry out its responsibilities. Islam prescribes for it many legal injunctions. How else could it be, when Islam is the religion of mercy, equality, and justice? It is the religion that comes to free people from worshipping creation and bring them to the worship of God. It is the religion that comes to remove people from oppression and inequity and bring them to the highest degree of justice and freedom.
See More: Evaluation of Work Programs and Financial Performance of Local Government in Indonesia Through Cipp Model
Authors: Mayasari Riana , Febriantoko Jovan
Published: December 2018

Local Governments in Indonesia currently had extensive autonomy in conducting their affairs. The pressure on public sector organizations to improve their performance encouraged the establishment of performance-based public sector organization management systems. The formulations of the problem that will be raised in this study were: How is the work program at the Public Works Agency for Irrigation in South Sumatera Province? What factors are the supporting aspects in optimizing the work program? The purpose of this study was to obtain information regarding the evaluation of work programs and budgets at the Public Works Office of Irrigation in South Sumatra Province and determine the factors that are supporting aspects of the optimization of the work program and budget. The method of data collection in this study was the method of observation and documentation. Quantitative analysis techniques were used to perform calculations on financial data. Qualitative analysis techniques were used for the assessment of the of observations conducted using CIPP Model Approach, the results of this study were the work program at the Public Works Agency for Irrigation in South Sumatera Province has largely fulfilled the economic, efficient and effective aspects. Data analysis with the CIPP Model approach concluded that it was not maximal towards the assessment of the implementation of the strategy, the measure of performance, and interpreting performance achievement.