bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Potential of Ent-Kaurane Diterpenoids: Multifaceted Natural Products for Drug Discovery
Authors: Kibet Shadrack , Kimani Njogu M. , Mwanza Syombua S. , Mudalungu Cynthia M. , Santos Cleydson B. R. , Tanga Chrysantus M.
Published: April 2024

Natural products hold immense potential for drug discovery, yet many remain unexplored in vast libraries and databases. In an attempt to fill this gap and meet the growing demand for effective drugs, this study delves into the promising world of ent-kaurane diterpenoids, a class of natural products with huge therapeutic potential. With a dataset of 570 ent-kaurane diterpenoids obtained from the literature, we conducted an in silico analysis, evaluating their physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties with a focus on their therapeutic implications. Notably, these natural compounds exhibit drug-like properties, aligning closely with those of FDA-approved drugs, indicating a high potential for drug development. The ranges of the physicochemical parameters were as follows: molecular weights—288.47 to 626.82 g/mol; number of heavy atoms—21 to 44; the number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors—0 to 8 and 1 to 11, respectively; the number of rotatable bonds—0 to 11; fraction Csp3—0.65 to 1; and TPSA—20.23 to 189.53 Å². Additionally, the majority of these molecules display favorable safety profiles, with only 0.70%, 1.40%, 0.70%, and 46.49% exhibiting mutagenic, tumorigenic, reproduction-enhancing, and irritant properties, respectively. Importantly, ent-kaurane diterpenoids exhibit promising biopharmaceutical properties. Their average lipophilicity is optimal for drug absorption, while over 99% are water-soluble, facilitating delivery. Further, 96.5% and 28.20% of these molecules exhibited intestinal and brain bioavailability, expanding their therapeutic reach. The predicted pharmacological activities of these compounds encompass a diverse range, including anticancer, immunosuppressant, chemoprotective, anti-hepatic, hepatoprotectant, anti-inflammation, antihyperthyroidism, and anti-hepatitis activities. This multi-targeted profile highlights ent-kaurane diterpenoids as highly promising candidates for further drug discovery endeavors.
Specific and Simultaneous Detection of E. coli O157:H7 and Shiga-like Toxins Using a Label-Free Photonic Immunosensor
Authors: Fernández Ana , Hernández Manuel , Moreno Yolanda , García-Hernández Jorge
Published: April 2024

The current study outlines the advancement of an innovative technique for the simultaneous detection of E. coli O157:H7 and its Shiga-like toxins in food samples by utilizing a photonic label-free biosensor coupled with a microfluidic system. This detection method relies on ring resonator transduction that is functionalized with specific bioreceptors against O157:H7 on silicon nitride surfaces capable of binding specifically to the antigen bacterium and its verotoxins. This experiment included the characterization of selected monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies employed as detection probes through ELISA immunoassays exposed to target bacterial antigens. A thorough validation of photonic immunosensor detection was conducted on inoculated minced beef samples using reference standards for E. coli O157:H7 and its verotoxins (VTx1 and VTx2) and compared to gold-standard quantification. The lowest limit-of-detection values of 10 CFU/mL and 1 ppm were achieved for the detection of bacteria and its verotoxins. In this study, the lowest limit of quantification (LoQ) achieved for bacterial quantification was 100 CFU/mL, and, for verotoxins, it was 2 ppm. This study confirmed the effectiveness of a new quality control and food hygiene method, demonstrating the rapid and sensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7 and its verotoxins. This innovative approach has the potential to be applied in food production environments.
Process Optimization of the Morphological Properties of Epoxy Resin Molding Compounds Using Response Surface Design
Authors: Vogelwaid Julian , Bayer Martin , Walz Michael , Kutuzova Larysa , Kandelbauer Andreas , Jacob Timo
Published: April 2024

An epoxy compound’s polymer structure can be characterized by the glass transition temperature (Tg) which is often seen as the primary morphological characteristic. Determining the Tg after manufacturing thermoset-molded parts is an important objective in material characterization. To characterize quantitatively the dependence of Tg on the degree of cure, the DiBenedetto equation is usually used. Monitoring polymer network formation during molding processes is therefore one of the most challenging tasks in polymer processing and can be achieved using dielectric analysis (DEA). In this study, the morphological properties of an epoxy resin-based molding compounds (EMC) were optimized for the molding process using response surface analysis. Processing parameters such as curing temperature, curing time, and injection rate were investigated according to a DoE strategy and analyzed as the main factors affecting Tg as well as the degree of cure. A new method to measure the Tg at a certain degree of cure was developed based on warpage analysis. The degree of cure was determined inline via dielectric analysis (DEA) and offline using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results were used as the response in the DoE models. The use of the DiBenedetto equation to refine the response characteristics for a wide range of process parameters has significantly improved the quality of response surface models based on the DoE approach.
Advancement of Sea Surface Convective Wind Gust Observation by Different Satellite Sensors and Assessment with In Situ Measurements
Authors: La Tran Vu , Messager Christophe
Published: April 2024

This paper shows the observation and estimation of convective wind gusts by different satellite sensors at the C-band (Sentinel-1 SAR) and L-band (ALOS-1 SAR and SMAP radiometer) over Lake Victoria, the Gulf of Guinea, and the Gulf of Mexico. These areas are significantly impacted by deep convection associated with strong surface winds and heavy rainfall. In particular, the collocation of Sentinel-1 and SMAP images enables the observation of the movement of surface wind gusts corresponding to that of deep convective clouds. The convective wind intensity estimated from Sentinel-1 and SMAP data varies from 10 to 25 m/s. Additionally, we present an agreement in the observation of deep convective clouds, dynamics, and strong surface winds by different satellite sensors, including Meteosat geostationary (GEO), Aeolus Lidar, and Sentinel-1 SAR, respectively. We also evaluate the estimated convective wind gusts by comparison with the in situ measurements of the weather stations installed in the Gulf of Mexico, where deep convection occurs regularly. The result shows an agreement between the two wind sources estimated and measured. Likewise, the peaks of the measured wind gusts correspond to the occurrence of deep convective clouds observed by the GOES-16 GEO satellite.
Surface Solar Radiation Resource Evaluation of Xizang Region Based on Station Observation and High-Resolution Satellite Dataset
Authors: Kong Huangjie , Wang Jianguo , Cai Li , Cao Jinxin , Zhou Mi , Fan Yadong
Published: April 2024

Xizang boasts a vast and geographically complex landscape with an average elevation surpassing 4000 m. Understanding the spatiotemporal distribution of surface solar radiation is indispensable for simulating surface processes, studying climate change, and designing photovoltaic power generation and solar heating systems. A multi-dimensional, long-term, spatial, and temporal investigation of solar radiation in Xizang was conducted using three unique datasets, including the difference in surface solar radiation (SSR) between high-resolution satellite and ground station data, the annual and monthly distribution of SSR, and the interannual–monthly–daily variation and the coefficient of hourly variability. Combined with high-resolution elevation data, a strong linear correlation was shown between the radiation and the elevation below 4000 m. Furthermore, analysis reveals greater differences in data between east and west compared to the center, as well as between summer and winter seasons. SSR levels vary in steps, reaching the highest from Ngari to Shigatse and the lowest in a U-shaped area formed by southeastern Shannan and southern Nyingchi. In June, high monthly SSR coverage was the highest of the year. Since 1960, the annual mean SSR has generally exhibited a declining trend, displaying distinctive trends across various seasons and datasets. Owing to intricate meteorological factors, some regions exhibited double peaks in monthly SSR. Finally, we have introduced a solar resource assessment standard, along with a multidimensional evaluation of the resources, and categorized all townships. We offer a thorough analysis of Xizang’s solar radiation to provide a comprehensive understanding, which will help to prioritize recommendations for PV construction in Xizang.
Harmonic FMCW Radar System: Passive Tag Detection and Precise Ranging Estimation
Authors: El-Awamry Ahmed , Zheng Feng , Kaiser Thomas , Khaliel Maher
Published: April 2024

This paper details the design and implementation of a harmonic frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar system, specialized in detecting harmonic tags and achieving precise range estimation. Operating within the 2.4–2.5 GHz frequency range for the forward channel and 4.8–5.0 GHz for the backward channel, this study delves into the various challenges faced during the system’s realization. These challenges include selecting appropriate components, calibrating the system, processing signals, and integrating the system components. In addition, we introduce a single-layer passive harmonic tag, developed specifically for assessing the system, and provide an in-depth theoretical analysis and simulation results. Notably, the system is characterized by its low power consumption, making it particularly suitable for short-range applications. The system’s efficacy is further validated through experimental evaluations in a real-world indoor environment across multiple tag positions. Our measurements underscore the system’s robust ranging accuracy and its ability to mitigate self-interference, showcasing its significant potential for applications in harmonic tag detection and ranging.
Pupil Response in Visual Tracking Tasks: The Impacts of Task Load, Familiarity, and Gaze Position
Authors: Wu Yun , Zhang Zhongshi , Zhang Yao , Zheng Bin , Aghazadeh Farzad
Published: April 2024

Pupil size is a significant biosignal for human behavior monitoring and can reveal much underlying information. This study explored the effects of task load, task familiarity, and gaze position on pupil response during learning a visual tracking task. We hypothesized that pupil size would increase with task load, up to a certain level before decreasing, decrease with task familiarity, and increase more when focusing on areas preceding the target than other areas. Fifteen participants were recruited for an arrow tracking learning task with incremental task load. Pupil size data were collected using a Tobii Pro Nano eye tracker. A 2 × 3 × 5 three-way factorial repeated measures ANOVA was conducted using R (version 4.2.1) to evaluate the main and interactive effects of key variables on adjusted pupil size. The association between individuals’ cognitive load, assessed by NASA-TLX, and pupil size was further analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model. We found that task repetition resulted in a reduction in pupil size; however, this effect was found to diminish as the task load increased. The main effect of task load approached statistical significance, but different trends were observed in trial 1 and trial 2. No significant difference in pupil size was detected among the three gaze positions. The relationship between pupil size and cognitive load overall followed an inverted U curve. Our study showed how pupil size changes as a function of task load, task familiarity, and gaze scanning. This finding provides sensory evidence that could improve educational outcomes.
An Era of Digital Healthcare—A Comprehensive Review of Sensor Technologies and Telehealth Advancements in Chronic Heart Failure Management
Authors: Manavi Tejaswini , Zafar Haroon , Sharif Faisal
Published: April 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a multi-faceted, complex clinical syndrome characterized by significant morbidity, high mortality rate, reduced quality of life, and rapidly increasing healthcare costs. A larger proportion of these costs comprise both ambulatory and emergency department visits, as well as hospital admissions. Despite the methods used by telehealth (TH) to improve self-care and quality of life, patient outcomes remain poor. HF management is associated with numerous challenges, such as conflicting evidence from clinical trials, heterogeneity of TH devices, variability in patient inclusion and exclusion criteria, and discrepancies between healthcare systems. A growing body of evidence suggests there is an unmet need for increased individualization of in-hospital management, continuous remote monitoring of patients pre and post-hospital admission, and continuation of treatment post-discharge in order to reduce re-hospitalizations and improve long-term outcomes. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art for HF and associated novel technologies and advancements in the most frequently used types of TH (implantable sensors), categorizing devices in their preclinical and clinical stage, bench-to-bedside implementation challenges, and future perspectives on remote HF management to improve long-term outcomes of HF patients. The Review also highlights recent advancements in non-invasive remote monitoring technologies demonstrated by a few pilot observational prospective cohort studies.
Enhancing Recovery of Ultra-Fine Magnetite from Low-Iron-Grade Cyanidation Tailings by Optimizing Flow Field Parameters of Low-Intensity Magnetic Separation (LIMS)
Authors: Chen Yingjie , Jiang Yaxiong , Xian Yongjun , Chen Luzheng
Published: April 2024

The characteristics of iron minerals in cyanidation tailings with a low iron grade were determined via chemical composition analysis, iron phase analysis, and mineral liberation analysis (MLA). The results showed that the cyanidation tailings contained 15.68% iron, mainly occurring in the form of magnetite (19.66%) and limonite (79.91%), in which 16.52% magnetite and 65.90% limonite particles were fully liberated. Most ultra-fine magnetite grains were adjacent and wrapped with limonite to form complex intergrowths, which resulted in low-efficiency magnetite recovery in low-intensity magnetic separation (LIMS) and adversely affected the downstream high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) process. Thus, in this work, the optimization of the flow field was proposed to enhance the separation of ultra-fine magnetite from the cyanidation tailings using pilot-scale LIMS separation, and the controllable parameters (including feed flow, separation gap, drum rotating speed, and solid weight) affecting ultra-fine magnetite capture were investigated. Under optimized conditions, a high-grade magnetite concentrate assaying 63.31% Fe with 86.46% magnetite recovery was produced, which, respectively, increased by 0.76% and 15.22%, compared with those obtained from industrial production. In addition, from the flow dynamics simulation, it was found that the magnetite particles in the −6 µm ultra-fine fraction were lost much more easily than those of coarser fractions due to the relatively enhanced hydrodynamic drag force acting on the particles compared with the magnetic force. However, this loss would be effectively reduced with the regulation and control of the flow field. The iron recoveries in the −16~+6 µm and −6 µm fractions of magnetite concentrate increased by 3.66% and 4.42%, respectively, under optimized hydrodynamic conditions. This research outcome provides a valuable reference for the economic and effective utilization of iron resources from such solid wastes.
A Life Cycle Assessment of Methane Slip in Biogas Upgrading Based on Permeable Membrane Technology with Variable Methane Concentration in Raw Biogas
Authors: Buivydas Egidijus , Navickas Kęstutis , Venslauskas Kęstutis
Published: April 2024

While energy-related sectors remain significant contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biogas production from waste through anaerobic digestion (AD) helps to increase renewable energy production. The biogas production players focus efforts on optimising the AD process to maximise the methane content in biogas, improving known technologies for biogas production and applying newly invented ones: H2 addition technology, high-pressure anaerobic digestion technology, bioelectrochemical technology, the addition of additives, and others. Though increased methane concentration in biogas gives benefits, biogas upgrading still needs to reach a much higher methane concentration to replace natural gas. There are many biogas upgrading technologies, but almost any has methane slip. This research conducted a life cycle assessment (LCA) on membrane-based biogas upgrading technology, evaluating biomethane production from biogas with variable methane concentrations. The results showed that the increase in methane concentration in the biogas slightly increases the specific electricity consumption for biogas treatment, but heightens methane slip with off-gas in the biogas upgrading unit. However, the LCA analysis showed a positive environmental impact for treating biogas with increasing methane concentrations. This way, the LCA analysis gave a broader comprehension of the environmental impact of biogas upgrading technology on GHG emissions and offered valuable insights into the environmental implications of biomethane production.
From Food to “Detoxification”: A Framework for Understanding and Shaping Social Practices and Their Networking
Authors: Erbaş Emre
Published: April 2024

Understanding how social practices, like cooking, evolve and network in our daily lives is crucial for addressing sustainability and well-being challenges. While existing research prioritizes swift and holistic transformation of the network of practices, a critical gap exists in comprehending how these networks form and how they can be analyzed in practice. This study addresses this gap by introducing a novel analytical framework. This framework, which moves beyond analyzing the ‘performative’ aspects of practices (e.g., food sharing), sheds light on how interactions with objects shape and contribute to the emergence and interconnectedness of practices. By applying this framework to the case study of note-by-note cooking, we showcase its utility in three key scenarios: Unveiling the “Why”: Analyzing how objects become “ideologically coded” within practice networks allows us to understand the underlying factors shaping them. This empowers researchers and practitioners to identify and potentially “recode” unsustainable or undesirable practices towards desired outcomes. Strategic Intervention: By strategically introducing new objects into the network, the framework provides insights into “neutralizing” the influence of undesirable practices. This targeted approach allows for more nuanced interventions within existing practice networks. Cultivating New Practices: The framework empowers researchers and practitioners to develop or “encode” alternative practices by leveraging object–practitioner interactions. This enables the creation of entirely new practices or the expansion of existing ones, fostering positive societal transformations.
The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance on Corporate Financial Performance in China: Based on the Perspective of Innovation and Financial Constraints
Authors: Xu Yiming , Zhu Naiping
Published: April 2024

This paper analyzes the effects of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance on corporate financial performance (CFP), enriching the research on the intrinsic mechanism between ESG and financial performance in developing countries. This study uses a data sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China from 2009 to 2021, and adopts a two-way fixed effects model research methodology with fixed time and industries to explore the relationship and intrinsic mechanism between the two in conjunction with relevant basic theories. The study findings indicate that ESG performance exerts a positive influence on CFP by fostering corporate innovation. Corporations with good ESG performance in the long term may be more conducive to good CFP. When corporations face financial constraints, the role of ESG performance in enhancing CFP weakens. Heterogeneity analyses indicate that ESG performance contributes more to the CFP of non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). The negative moderating influence of financial constraints is more pronounced in non-SOEs. Additionally, ESG performance promotes the improvement of CFP in non-heavy polluting corporates. This research study extends a scientific foundation for how corporates can improve CFP and increase market competitiveness.
Indicators of Sustainable Forestry: Methodological Approaches for Impact Assessments across Swedish Forestry
Authors: Mattsson Eskil , Karlsson Per Erik , Erlandsson Martin , Nilsson Åsa , Holmström Hampus
Published: April 2024

Approaches for evaluating integrated sustainability impacts in forest management enable the harmonization of environmental, social, and economic considerations. Here, we present a methodological framework for quantifying and balancing impacts on widely different aspects of sustainability of different future scenarios for forestry in managed forests in Sweden. The method includes indicators for impacts on climate change, biodiversity, and social and economic values. The indicators were normalized to a standardized scale using reference scenarios and target values. The proposed method was applied for three different future scenarios for forestry over a 100-year period in two different counties in southern and northern Sweden, respectively. The results show the importance of evaluating indicator performance in forestry across diverse regions of the country and tailoring assessments of individual forest owners to their specific local conditions. Long-term assessments are also crucial due to the varying impacts of indicators over time. The methodology requires continuous refinement and can be used as a basis for disclosing the environmental performance of a product based on forest raw materials. It also facilitates the assessment of sustainability in alternative future forestry scenarios and is adaptable to other countries with comparable forestry and forest characteristics.
Breast Tomographic Ultrasound: The Spectrum from Current Dense Breast Cancer Screenings to Future Theranostic Treatments
Authors: Littrup Peter J. , Mehrmohammadi Mohammad , Duric Nebojsa
Published: April 2024

This review provides unique insights to the scientific scope and clinical visions of the inventors and pioneers of the SoftVue breast tomographic ultrasound (BTUS). Their >20-year collaboration produced extensive basic research and technology developments, culminating in SoftVue, which recently received the Food and Drug Administration’s approval as an adjunct to breast cancer screening in women with dense breasts. SoftVue’s multi-center trial confirmed the diagnostic goals of the tissue characterization and localization of quantitative acoustic tissue differences in 2D and 3D coronal image sequences. SoftVue mass characterizations are also reviewed within the standard cancer risk categories of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. As a quantitative diagnostic modality, SoftVue can also function as a cost-effective platform for artificial intelligence-assisted breast cancer identification. Finally, SoftVue’s quantitative acoustic maps facilitate noninvasive temperature monitoring and a unique form of time-reversed, focused US in a single theranostic device that actually focuses acoustic energy better within the highly scattering breast tissues, allowing for localized hyperthermia, drug delivery, and/or ablation. Women also prefer the comfort of SoftVue over mammograms and will continue to seek out less-invasive breast care, from diagnosis to treatment.
Urinary Volatile Organic Compound Metabolites Are Associated with Reduced Lung Function in U.S. Children and Adolescents
Authors: Mendy Angelico , Burcham Sara , Merianos Ashley L. , Mersha Tesfaye B. , Yolton Kimberly , Chen Aimin , Mahabee-Gittens E. Melinda
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are indoor pollutants absorbed by inhalation. The association of several VOCs with lung function in children and adolescents is unknown. (2) Methods: We analyzed 505 participants, 6–17-year-olds from the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to estimate the associations of VOC metabolites with spirometry outcomes adjusting for covariates. (3) Results: Urinary metabolites of xylene, acrylamide, acrolein, 1,3-butadiene, cyanide, toluene, 1-bromopropane, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, styrene, ethylbenzene, and crotonaldehyde were all detected in ≥64.5% of participants. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted was lower in participants with higher levels of metabolites of acrylamide (β: −7.95, 95% CI: −13.69, −2.21) and styrene (β: −6.33, 95% CI: −11.60, −1.07), whereas the FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio % was lower in children with higher propylene oxide metabolite levels (β: −2.05, 95% CI: −3.49, −0.61). FEV1 % predicted was lower with higher crotonaldehyde metabolite levels only in overweight/obese participants (β: −15.42, 95% CI: −26.76, −4.08) (Pinteraction < 0.001) and with higher 1-bromopropane metabolite levels only in those with serum cotinine > 1 ng/mL (β: −6.26, 95% CI: −9.69, −2.82) (Pinteraction < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: We found novel associations of metabolites for acrylamide, propylene oxide, styrene, 1-bromopropane and crotonaldehyde with lower lung function in children and adolescents.
First National Prevalence in Italian Horse Population and Phylogenesis Highlight a Fourth Sub-Type Candidate of Equine Hepacivirus
Authors: Nardini Roberto , Pacchiarotti Giulia , Svicher Valentina , Salpini Romina , Bellocchi Maria Concetta , Conti Raffaella , Sala Marcello Giovanni , La Rocca Davide , Carioti Luca , Cersini Antonella , Manna Giuseppe ,   the Equine Hepatic Viruses Consortium, Scicluna Maria Teresa
Published: April 2024

Equine hepacivirus (EqHV, Flaviviridae, hepacivirus) is a small, enveloped RNA virus generally causing sub-clinical hepatitis with occasional fatalities. EqHV is reported in equids worldwide, but for Italy data are limited. To address this, a survey study was set up to estimate prevalence at a national level and among different production categories (equestrian; competition; work and meat; reproduction) and national macro-regions (North, Central, South, and Islands). Data obtained testing 1801 horse serum samples by Real-Time RT PCR were compared within the categories and regions. The NS3 fragment of the PCR-positive samples was sequenced by Sanger protocol for phylogenetic and mutational analysis. The tertiary structure of the NS3 protein was also assessed. The estimated national prevalence was 4.27% [1.97–6.59, 95% CI] and no statistical differences were detected among production categories and macro-regions. The phylogenesis confirmed the distribution in Italy of the three known EqHV subtypes, also suggesting a possible fourth sub-type that, however, requires further confirmation. Mutational profiles that could also affect the NS3 binding affinity to the viral RNA were detected. The present paper demonstrates that EqHV should be included in diagnostic protocols when investigating causes of hepatitis, and in quality control protocols for blood derived products due to its parental transmission.
Early Neurophysiological Abnormalities in Suspected Acute Canine Polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Porcarelli Laura , Cauduro Alberto , Bianchi Ezio , Pauciulo Claudia , Maurelli Chiara , Corlazzoli Daniele
Published: April 2024

Acute canine polyradiculoneuritis (ACP) is a common peripheral neuropathy in dogs, and is generally self-limiting and benign. Electrodiagnostic (EDX) tests are typically performed after 7–10 days. Delaying the definitive diagnosis may hamper the treatment of other causes of acute weakness, which may require specific treatments and may carry different prognoses. This retrospective multicenter study aims to assess whether EDX performed within the first 6 days of clinical signs onset can detect alterations indicative of ACP, and aims to characterize the most prevalent alterations. A total of 71 dogs with suspected ACP were retrospectively analyzed and classified into two groups based on EDX timing: early group (EG, 1–6 days after symptom onset) and late group (LG, 7–15 days after symptom onset). In our study, no significant differences were found between the two groups in motor nerve conduction studies (MNCSs) and F-wave analysis, indicating that EDX is able to demonstrate abnormalities even in the first 6 days from onset. Although the LG showed significantly greater degrees of electromyographic (EMG) alterations compared to the EG, frequent muscle alterations were still observed in the EG group. These findings support the use of EDX in patients with suspected ACP within the first 6 days from the clinical onset. Prompt neurophysiological examinations for suspected ACP patients can be performed effectively and can help allow for early diagnosis and facilitate appropriate treatment.
Diversity of Macrophytes and Macroinvertebrates in Different Types of Standing Waters in the Drava Field
Authors: Germ Mateja , Tertinek Žiga , Zelnik Igor
Published: April 2024

The diversity of macrophytes and macroinvertebrates in small standing waters of different origins and characteristics was investigated. This survey covered 19 ponds in the Drava field in northeastern Slovenia. The influence of the macrophytes on the macroinvertebrates was investigated and the main environmental factors that had the most significant influence on the composition of the two communities were identified. Sixty-seven taxa of macrophytes and seventy-three families of macroinvertebrates were identified. We found that a diverse macrophyte community has a positive effect on the macroinvertebrate community. In contrast, the dominance of a single macrophyte species has a strong negative influence on the richness of the macroinvertebrate community. The taxonomic richness and abundance of the macroinvertebrate community in the natural ponds was statistically significantly higher than that in artificial ponds. The significant differences in the environmental characteristics between the natural and artificial ponds, such as the macrophyte cover, conductivity, and riparian zone width, may account for these differences. Our study suggests that a greater diversity of macrophyte and macroinvertebrate communities in natural ponds is enabled by abundant but diverse macrophyte cover, low phosphorus content, and wide riparian zones, which require appropriate management of ponds and their catchments.
Transitional art forms: genesis and modifications
Authors:   Department of Art, Moscow University for the Humanities, Shcheglova T. G.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the processes of formation of transitional kinds of culture and highlights the grounds for their functioning. It is shown that the reasons for the emergence of transitional forms of culture also underlie cultural genesis, where pure examples of genres, styles, and trends are rather the exception to the rule. More often, the influence of other trends is always felt in the work, as V.D. Konen showed in her time in her work “The Third Layer”. At the same time, the author demonstrates those conditions of our time that contribute to an increase in the number of examples of transitional forms in music and culture in general, i.e. the development of the techno-environment and communication means, the capabilities of artificial intelligence and neural networks for simulating styles and genres both of classical elite and traditional culture, and mass entertainment, and social transformations leading to the formation of small social groups with their own aesthetic preferences. The article is of interest within the framework of the disciplines “Music Theory” and “Culture Theory”.
Concept of “spectacularity” in modern culture: social, communicative, and aesthetic components
Authors:   Department of Art, Moscow University for the Humanities, Morozova E. I.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the concept of “spectacularity” as having the ability to reflect many social and cultural phenomena, such as the virtualization of consciousness and gamification of modern people, their social immaturity, and inability to perceive the complexities and problems of life. It is shown that this concept reflects the simulated reality into which modern screen culture plunges an individual and which s/he cannot resist. The article presents the materials that can be used within such disciplines as “Media Communication”, “Aesthetics of Modern Art”, and “Advertising and Public Relations”.
SPARE PARTS INVENTORY MANAGEMENT AT MULTI-BRAND CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS)
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Sarbaev Vladimir Ivanovich , Simos Tziovannis ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, Grishin Aleksandr Sergeevich ,   JV «BUSINESS CAR» LLC
Published: April 2024

The article presents a comprehensive study of the state and problems of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises on the example of the Republic of Cyprus. The general characteristics of the specifics of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises are presented, the foundations of the organizational model for the functioning of transport enterprises of this type, including those common to the Republic of Cyprus and the Russian Federation, are disclosed. The set of tasks for managing the inventory of spare parts at multi-brand car service enterprises has been clarified. Based on the results of a survey of executives and managers of 64 Cypriot multi-brand car service enterprises, key methods for managing spare parts stocks were identified. The results of the survey were compared with the assessment of the effectiveness of management in the subject area, typical groups of enterprises were identified according to the criterion of the main method of managing spare parts inventory and the expected management efficiency. The elements of spare parts inventory management at multi-brand car service enterprises of the Republic of Cyprus, recommended for reception into Russian practice, are identified, ways to solve the problem of improving the effectiveness of management in the subject area, common to the designated group of transport enterprises in Russia and Cyprus, including the development of automation, digitalization management, combined with the use of organizational methods (flexible supply contracts, franchising and new forms of business).
CITY DESIGN AND «TRANSPORT» PROGRESS, DUE TO TECHNOLOGICAL SHIFT
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, Kapski Denis Vasilievich , Bogdanovich Sergei Valerievich ,   Belarusian National Technical University, Lyapin Sergey Alexandrovich ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: April 2024

Technological progress has always influenced the development of cities. Nowadays, unmanned vehicles are replacing traditional cars, which may lead to changes in the urban environment. Today, the key trends are: automation, sharing, electrification, connectivity and transport vir-tualization. Their convergence can lead to systemic changes. But it is too early to talk about a com-plete replacement of personal cars. Urban planning must be guided by sustainable development goals, ensuring accessible, safe and environmentally friendly transport for all. At the same time, the introduction of drones can lead to both positive and negative effects. The task of designers is to maximize the former and minimize the latter. This requires clear guidelines and a flexible approach that takes into account the systemic relationship between urban form and traffic flows.
ANALYSIS OF LOCALIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION FEATURES IN TIME OF THE FREQUENCY OF EMERGENCY COLLISIONS OF VEHICLES IN A LARGE RUSSIAN CITY
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Petrov Artur Igorevich , Likhayrova Evgeniya Vladimirovna ,   Tyumen Industrial University
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of studying the localization of one type of road accidents (RA) - collisions of motor vehicles (at intersections and stretches of the city's road network) and their distribution over time (monthly throughout the year and in a daily rhythm). It is established that there is a certain specificity of the distribution of collisions of vehicles over time. This specificity must be taken into account when solving the tasks of managing the processes of ensuring road safety.
RESEARCH OF PROMISING DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Zagorodniy Nikolay Alexandrovich , Golovkin Mikhail Valerievich ,   Belgorod State Technological University, Bondar Alexey Sergeevich ,   Belgorod State Technological University
Published: April 2024

This article conducts a study of the prospects for the development of information transport systems, the purpose of which is to study existing technologies for monitoring traffic flows to improve the safety and efficiency of road traffic. The article discusses existing methods for collecting and processing data on traffic flows, as well as the impact of monitoring on traffic safety. The objective of the study is to determine the most progressive and effective monitoring technologies and the practice of their application. The article also analyzes the results of using an intelligent transport system in the city of Belgorod and its impact on reducing accident rates. The findings indicate the importance of developing further research in the field of monitoring to optimize the city's transport system and infrastructure development.
THE EFFECT OF THE HYDRAULICTORQUE CONVERTER OIL TEMPERATURE ON THE OUTPUT POWER OF THE VEHICLIN THE HYDRAULIC COUPLING MODE
Authors:   Volga branch of the Moscow automobile, Denisov Denis Mikhailovich , Ivanov Maxim Yurievich ,   Volga branch of the Moscow automobile, Samsonov Andrey Nikolaevich ,   Volga branch of the Moscow automobile
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the power loss of the hydraulic torque converter from hydraulic resistance that occurs in the vehicle drive when the temperature of the working fluid changes, based on the results of testing special oils for automatic transmissions from Mobil ATF Multi-Vehicle and ATF TCL WS. The data obtained make it possible to determine the optimal distance between the impeller blades, as well as to use it in modeling workflows in hydraulic torque converter.
OPTIMAL SUSPENSION DESIGN VEHICLE
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Dyakov Ivan  Fedorovich , Moiseev Yuri Vasilievich ,   Ulyanosk JSC «Security Systems», Dyakov Vladislav  Ivanovich ,   Ulyanovsk OJSC «Euroizol»
Published: April 2024

A method for optimizing vehicle suspension is outlined, and calculation models of the system of constraints applied to optimizing vehicle suspension are given. The calculation method is illustrated with a specific example of a vehicle. The results of optimization of a specific object by choosing the most rational design parameters are presented.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SIM IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Jung Anastasia Alekseevna , Shevtsova Anastasia Gennadievna ,   Belgorod State Technological University, Vasilyeva Victoria Vladimirovna ,   Orel State University
Published: April 2024

Over the past few years, the trend of increasing personal mobility equipment (SIM) in the road space has increased the number of road accidents involving these vehicles, which naturally poses a threat to the lives of the population. The work evaluates the effectiveness of using SIM in an urban environment with constantly increasing traffic and rapidly developing infrastructure. The main indicators are considered without taking into account, which it is impossible to ensure the full and effective functioning of the transport sector.
ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
Authors:   Moscow bus station (MADI), Sidorov Alexey Alekseevich , Filippova Nadezhda Anatolevna ,   Moscow bus station (MADI)
Published: April 2024

The research work examines the issues of managing the transportation of dangerous goods using information technologies that can improve efficiency and reliability. Monitoring the movement of special rolling stock during the transportation of dangerous goods is a key element of effective management. The monitoring system provides a real-time mode or a specified frequency to obtain information about the location, status and condition of the vehicle, which allows you to make optimal management decisions.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AND INDICATORS OF ACCIDENTS INVOLVING MEANS OF INDIVIDUAL MOBILITY (MIM) IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University, Zagorodniy Nikolay Alexandrovich , Shapovalova Victoria Alexandrovna ,   ECC of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Belgorod region
Published: April 2024

The state of the issue is considered and the analysis of the causes of accidents and consequences with the participation of means of individual mobility (MIM) in Russia is carried out. The analysis of statistical data on the use of MIM's.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESS OF VEHICLE MOVEMENT IN CASE OF LOSS OF VERTICAL STABILITY USING THE EXAMPLE OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT AS PART OF ROAD TRANSPORT EXAMINATION
Authors:   State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Eremin Sergey Vasilyevich , Makhonin Vitaly Leonidovich ,   Orel State university
Published: April 2024

In this work, an analysis of problematic issues arising during the production of road transport expertise was carried out. The need arises to calculate the movement of vehicles (hereinafter referred to as vehicles) in non-standard conditions within the framework of studies of the me-chanism of a road traffic accident (hereinafter referred to as an accident), since standard calcula-tion tools do not allow solving some problems facing the expert now. Basic equations and systems of equations have been identified that allow solving this problem at various levels of complexity. A solution has been proposed to obtain the necessary input data for this task.
METHODS OF TESTING AUTOMOTIVE BODY MATERIALS CONNECTED BY VARIOUS TYPES OF WELDS
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Ivanov Dmitry Vladimirovich , Kalinin Evgeny Dmitrievich ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Korchazhkin Mikhail Georgievich ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, Arkhipov Alexander Nikolaevich ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University
Published: April 2024

Methods for determining the strength of welded joints are considered. The welded joints are made by different types of welding and tested in laboratory conditions. Methods of inspection of welded joints are described. The method of destructive testing – tests for shear (rupture), separation and impact strength is selected. The test procedure is described. A laboratory experiment was conducted. The diagrams of destruction are given, the results of laboratory tests are compared with the permissible strength of welded points. The strength of the samples obtained with the help of electric rivets and with the help of contact spot welding exceeded the minimum permissible strength of the welded points of the joints. The considered method of determining the strength of welded joints makes it possible to make an optimal choice of the type of welding for car body repair.
REVIEW OF THE PROBLEM OF USING A GAS TURBINE INSTALLATION FOR CHARGING BATTERY SYSTEMS OF CIVIL ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors:   Military Institute (Naval Polytechnic) Military Training and Scientific Center of the Navy «N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy», Kotov Valentin Sergeevich , Barskov Viktor Valentinovich ,   Higher School of Power Engineering, Institute of Power Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Reznikova Rimma Konstantinovna ,   Military Institute (Naval Polytechnic) Military Training and Scientific Center of the Navy «N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy», Tsvetkov Maxim Dmitrievich ,   Higher School of Power Engineering, Institute of Power Engineering, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: April 2024

The issues of energy saving are considered on the example of the operation of urban electric transport. The review of various chargers, stations for electric transport is carried out, various comparative characteristics of microturbine and gas piston installations are presented. The technical features of electric vehicles of various manufacturers are analyzed, the classification of electric vehicle power plants is given, the results of using prototypes of urban electrical engineering are indicated, and a review of microturbine technologies on the Russian market is given.
INFORMATION SECURITY OF CAR SERVICE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, Zhilin Igor Victorovich
Published: April 2024

The problem of information security in the functioning of car service enterprises is considered. The relevance of this problem is shown and the purpose of the study is formulated. The issues of organization and management at the enterprise are considered as a basis. The features and the procedure for compiling the information threat model are shown.
OPERATION OF A FUEL CELL SYSTEM BASED ON A PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE IN ROAD TRANSPORT
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Architecture, Vorobyov Andrey Alexandrovich , Vorobyov Sergey Alexandrovich ,   St. Petersburg University of Architecture, Trofimov Evgeny Sergeevich ,   St. Petersburg University of Architecture, Razumov Pavel Alexandrovich ,   St. Petersburg University of Architecture
Published: April 2024

A diagram of a fuel cell system model suitable for use in road transport is given. The article contains the results of research based on a 50 kW fuel cell system. A weak link in the design of the auxiliary system has been identified, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the installation as a whole, and compensation options for this disadvantage are presented. The article also highlights options for storing hydrogen on board a vehicle necessary for the functioning of a fuel cell system. The requirements for both liquid and gaseous hydrogen are hig-hlighted, the methods of their implementation are reflected.
IMPROVEMENT OF ROAD TRANSPORT EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF ROAD SAFETY THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE DETERMINATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE MECHANISM OF ROAD ACCIDENTS
Authors:   Belgorod state technological university, Novikov Ivan Alekseevich , Lazarev Dmitry Alexandrovich ,   Belgorod state technological university, Ziborova Elena Igorevna ,   Belgorod state technological university, Zhikharev Alexander Gennadievich ,   Belgorod state technological university
Published: April 2024

In this work, an analysis of problematic issues arising during the production of road transport expertise was carried out. There is a need for an integrated approach to the study of the mechanism of a road accident (hereinafter referred to as an accident), since a formal approach to the consideration of individual tasks in the framework of a general study often leads to erroneous judgment and incorrect conclusions. The main directions of the study have been identified as part of a complex approach, equations and systems of equations have been proposed that make it possible to supplement the possibilities of calculation at various levels of complexity.