bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cortical magnification eliminates differences in contrast sensitivity across but not around the visual field
Authors: Jigo Michael , Tavdy Daniel , Himmelberg Marc M , Carrasco Marisa
Published: March 2023

Human visual performance changes dramatically both across (eccentricity) and around (polar angle) the visual field. Performance is better at the fovea, decreases with eccentricity, and is better along the horizontal than vertical meridian and along the lower than the upper vertical meridian. However, all neurophysiological and virtually all behavioral studies of cortical magnification have investigated eccentricity effects without considering polar angle. Most performance differences due to eccentricity are eliminated when stimulus size is cortically magnified (M-scaled) to equate the size of its cortical representation in primary visual cortex (V1). But does cortical magnification underlie performance differences around the visual field? Here, to assess contrast sensitivity, human adult observers performed an orientation discrimination task with constant stimulus size at different locations as well as when stimulus size was M-scaled according to stimulus eccentricity and polar angle location. We found that although M-scaling stimulus size eliminates differences across eccentricity, it does not eliminate differences around the polar angle. This finding indicates that limits in contrast sensitivity across eccentricity and around polar angle of the visual field are mediated by different anatomical and computational constraints.
Surface curvature and basal hydraulic stress induce spatial bias in cell extrusion
Authors: Huang Cheng-Kuang , Yong Xianbin , She David T. , Lim Chwee Teck
Published: March 2023

Epithelial cell extrusion is employed in maintaining a healthy epithelium. It remains unclear how environmental conditions specific to various epithelial tissues, such as geometry and fluid osmolarity, affect cell extrusions. We found that, over curved surfaces, epithelial monolayers exhibited higher extrusion rates in concave regions than convex ones. This difference, and overall extrusions, decreased when osmotically induced basal hydraulic stress was reduced by increasing media osmolarity or by culturing monolayers on hydrogels. Mechanistically, basal fluid accumulation antagonized cell-substrate adhesions and the subsequent FAK-Akt survival pathway, leading to apoptotic cell death. Convex surfaces induced cellular forces that acted against osmosis, thereby promoting adhesions and lowering apoptosis. This effect was reversed in concave regions, and together, resulted in the curvature induced spatial bias in cell extrusions.Curvature induces forces in cell-sheets that act against/with osmosis to reduce/elevate fluid stress driven cell extrusions.
Identification of quiescent FOXC2+ spermatogonial stem cells in adult mammals
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Jin Cheng , Li Pengyu , Li Yiran , Tang Jielin , Yu Zhixin , Jiao Tao , Ou Jinhuan , Wang Han , Zou Dingfeng , Li Mengzhen , Mang Xinyu , Liu Jun , Lu Yan , Li Kai , Zhang Ning , Yu Jia , Miao Shiying , Wang Linfang , Song Wei
Published: March 2023

In adult mammals, spermatogenesis embodies the complex developmental process from spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) to spermatozoa. At the top of this developmental hierarchy lie a series of SSC subpopulations. Their individual identities as well as the relationships with each other, however, remain largely elusive. Using single-cell analysis and lineage tracing, we discovered both in mice and humans the quiescent adult SSC subpopulation marked specifically by forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2). All spermatogenic progenies can be derived from FOXC2+ SSCs and the ablation of FOXC2+ SSCs led to the depletion of the undifferentiated spermatogonia pool. During germline regeneration, FOXC2+ SSCs were activated and able to completely restore the process. Germ cell-specific Foxc2 knockout resulted in an accelerated exhaustion of SSCs and eventually led to male infertility. Furthermore, FOXC2 prompts the expressions of negative regulators of cell cycle thereby ensures the SSCs reside in quiescence. Thus, this work proposes that the quiescent FOXC2+ SSCs are essential for maintaining the homeostasis and regeneration of spermatogenesis in adult mammals.
Para una arquitectura antropocénica : habitando infraestructuras del paisaje tecnológico de Atacama
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Marsino Renzo
Published: March 2023

La obra más trascendente de la historia humana es un accidente: una nueva época geológica conocida como Antropoceno, donde en menos de tres siglos el homo sapiens se volvió la principal fuerza de cambio del planeta. Si bien es urgente tomar decisiones radicales para evitar escenarios catastróficos, también es importante entender que la diferencia entre lo ‘natural’ y lo ‘artificial’ ya no existe sobre la Tierra. Más allá del cambio climático o la masiva extinción de especies, el Antropoceno es un fenómeno inédito digno de contemplación y al mismo tiempo un problema de diseño sobre cómo habitar un mundo fabricado. La primera transformación humana del ambiente fue la arquitectura. Una técnica antropotérmica que esta tesis define como “todo entorno construido que en alguna medida modifica condiciones ambientales para el confort de la criatura inteligente que la dota de significado”. Ante la pregunta de cómo plasmar un nuevo espíritu crítico en la definición de “9 puntos para una arquitectura antropocénica” el texto revisa el optimismo desarrollista de los años sesenta y el consecuente ecologismo tecnológico de los setenta para probar la tesis antropotérmica en territorios extremos como el desierto de Atacama. El norte chileno es un paisaje tecnológico marcado por maquinarias de producción energética y observación astronómica de escala territorial. Mediante la arquitecturización de una planta de energía solar, el proyecto del Sun Palace ensaya la teoría antropocénica al tiempo que explora formas de trascender la inevitable obsolescencia de la máquina arquitectónica. Misma que hasta hoy refugia al hombre de un mundo que somete pero aún no domina.
Museo de sitio Bahía Paraíso : infraestructuras para la revalorización y conservación de un territorio dinámico y frágil
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Muchnick Pérez Micaela
Published: March 2023

El particular clima frío y seco Antártico es el generador de un paisaje dinámico en constante transformación. Los hielos son el elemento principal del ecosistema más extremo del mundo, definiendo temporadas en las que se cruzan los flujos antrópicos con los procesos naturales. El ecosistema particular existente en la Antártica se vuelve vulnerable por la amenaza que genera la exponencial presencia y actividad del hombre en el territorio. Un caso donde se puede observar con particular atención el cruce entre lo antrópico y lo natural es en la Bahía Paraíso. Ubicada al oeste de la Península Antártica, donde los hielos, montañas y fauna del lugar lo hace uno de los sitios más visitados de la Antártica. Aquí se ubica la Base Chilena Gabriel González Videla la cual es visitada cada temporada por alrededor de 10.000 turistas comerciales, convirtiéndola en la base chilena más visitada del continente austral. El paisaje del sitio se genera a partir de la superposición y diálogo entre elementos naturales y elementos construidos dispersos sobre el terreno, que componen un patrimonio que es de atracción para múltiples actividades antrópicas. La amenaza frente al aumento exponencial del hombre sobre patrimonio convierte al sitio en un estado de vulnerabilidad. Esta investigación proyectual aborda la relación entre la arquitectura y su diálogo con un territorio dinámico y frágil, estudiando sus posibles adaptaciones estructurales y programáticas en relación con los factores temporales, naturales y antrópicos presentes en el sitio. A partir del estudio del patrimonio natural y construido, se propone el diseño de un recorrido que permita expandir la arquitectura del sitio a través de la formalización de un recorrido exterior que sea capaz de articular las sensibles relaciones entre visitantes y la intensa fauna del lugar, transformando el sitio en un museo. Por tanto, el proyecto busca conservar y valorizar el sitio a través de la huella mínima, la experiencia e interpretación del visitante, es decir, mediar las fricciones antrópicas actuales con los elementos del paisaje existentes.
Aplicación de prácticas claves de un equipo de liderazgo instruccional (ELI) para mejorar aprendizajes de comprensión lectora en la presencialidad en un instituto técnico profesional de educación media de la comuna de Santiago
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Educación, Sepúlveda González Marcela Andrea
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo final de egreso pretende aportar a la problemática educativa de estos tiempos post pandemia por Covid-19, que es la pérdida de aprendizajes, y por medio de un trabajo colaborativo, obtener una mejora en comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de un Segundo Medio de un liceo técnico profesional de la comuna de Santiago. Se conforma un equipo de liderazgo instruccional donde participan directivos y docentes para focalizar la mejora de aprendizajes en Lenguaje. A partir de los antecedentes recogidos de la evaluación DIA de Lenguaje 2022, el aprendizaje más descendido en comprensión lectora es la habilidad de interpretar. En cuanto a la implementación, se realizaron reuniones con equipo de liderazgo instruccional a través de plataforma Zoom con profesor, jefe de departamento y director, formalizando una visión compartida de los aprendizajes, aprendizaje clave a intervenir y a los estudiantes se les dio la oportunidad de fijarse metas en la asignatura, reconociendo sus fortalezas y sus áreas de mejora. También se les otorgó desafíos de aprendizaje, tickets de salida, desafíos de reflexión, al igual que visitas en aula y retroalimentación a profesor. Basado en prácticas claves del Manual de prácticas para equipos de liderazgo instruccional, Volante & Miller (2017).
Magnetic corrections to the pion electromagnetic form factor
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Física, Ardiles Díaz Mauricio Javier
Published: March 2023

In this work, we investigate the effect of a magnetic field background to the pion electromagnetic form factor. We face this problem through the Finite Energy Sum Rule (FESR) program, where a suitable current correlation function, built of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) degrees of freedom, is used to establish a map to the hadronic world and then extracting then the form factor. The magnetic field effects are encoded in the perturbative QCD side through the fermionic propagator in the presence of a magnetic field background, known as Schwinger propagator. We analyze the strong and weak magnetic field limits. For the weak field limit, the current correlator can be written as an expansion in powers of eB. We restricted the calculation to first order in eB leading to anomalous results which must be improved. However, for the strong field limit, we applied the Landau level expansion of the Schwinger propagator and consider up to the first Landau level leading to a proper FESR. The numerical results show that a strong magnetic field increases the pion form factor several times. For example, for a fixed magnetic field of eB = 1 GeV2 the pion form factor can be four times larger. This result affects directly the electron-pion scattering cross section which is also connected to the Sullivan process, leading to potential effects of the magnetic field on collider experiments.In this work, we investigate the effect of a magnetic field background to the pion electromagnetic form factor. We face this problem through the Finite Energy Sum Rule (FESR) program, where a suitable current correlation function, built of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) degrees of freedom, is used to establish a map to the hadronic world and then extracting then the form factor. The magnetic field effects are encoded in the perturbative QCD side through the fermionic propagator in the presence of a magnetic field background, known as Schwinger propagator. We analyze the strong and weak magnetic field limits. For the weak field limit, the current correlator can be written as an expansion in powers of eB. We restricted the calculation to first order in eB leading to anomalous results which must be improved. However, for the strong field limit, we applied the Landau level expansion of the Schwinger propagator and consider up to the first Landau level leading to a proper FESR. The numerical results show that a strong magnetic field increases the pion form factor several times. For example, for a fixed magnetic field of eB = 1 GeV2 the pion form factor can be four times larger. This result affects directly the electron-pion scattering cross section which is also connected to the Sullivan process, leading to potential effects of the magnetic field on collider experiments.
A 1D topological insulator for light
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Física, Pérez Tobar Daniel Esteban
Published: March 2023

A 1D photonic topological insulator is the photonic realization of a 1D topological insulator. We show how the calculation of a topological invariant, known as the Zak phase, is a useful tool to identify different topologies in one-dimensional systems. We found topological phase transitions for the 1D photonic topological insulator and its relation to the inversion symmetry of the system.
El origen e invisibilización del malestar social: de las manifestaciones culturales y artísticas pre y postestallido social en Chile
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Letras, Ibacache Marcelo
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo, elabora una suerte de cartografía de producciones artísticas de las últimas seis décadas, en la que, específicamente a través de canciones populares y fotografías, puede reconocerse la denuncia y enunciación de parte de las principales problemáticas sociales que sedimentaron el estallido social del 18 de octubre de 2019 en Chile. En esa línea, el análisis de dichas obras permitirá no sólo determinar la data de dichas pulsiones, sino que además posibilitará la refutación de la tesis gubernamental del periodo, que apuntaba a señalar que resultaba imposible avizorar el estallido social y sus causas. Así, la revisión de estas canciones y fotografías (algunas de ellas anteriores y otras posteriores al "octubre chileno"), constituirá un insumo para el análisis y reflexión acerca del estallido en sí mismo, y también resultará útil para repensar la disputa física y simbólica que ha establecido el pueblo chileno a través de estas décadas, para hallar sus propios "espacios de aparición", ante la prevalencia de los discursos oficiales que lo omiten sistemáticamente.
Pivotal Role of Drones in Agriculture – a Review
Authors: Sundar C. Bala Vivin , Asokhan M.
Published: March 2023

Indian agriculture is currently undergoing a drastic drift towards mechanization and usage of modern-day Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools as a subsidiary to the mighty work carried over by the farmers in their respective fields to serve millions of people with food. Owing to the various efforts taken by agricultural scientists and scholars, the scope of Artificial Intelligence has also influenced agriculture and is finding solutions to the modern-day problems in agriculture such as labour scarcity, less productivity and other such consequences. One important component using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), popularly called Drones and their applications in agriculture. Even the union as well as the state governments of India are focussing on providing drones to the farmers as a part of fostering the concept of Sustainable Agriculture. This article reviews the various spheres where drones can be utilized and the statistics as well as the benefits of using drones in agriculture.
Maintaining and Improving Peas (Pisum sativum L.) CV. Master Pea (Local Cultivar) Using UPOV Descriptor and Multivariate Analysis in the Vegetable Seed Production Field
Authors: Hamed Hamed H. , Amal Z. Hegazi , Tarek G. Anany
Published: March 2023

Although peas cv. master pea was registered more than 25 years ago in Egypt, this variety showed a remarkable superiority over the varieties grown in all governorates of Egypt in terms of production, quality, and environmental adaptation to climate changes. This study intends to assess this cultivar's genetic and environmental traits, and to determine the degree of its deterioration over time to develop an appropriate plan for the maintenance, improvement, and conservation of this strategic variety to withstand changes in climatic conditions in Egypt. Many types of research have been conducted on the study and production of new varieties and lines of peas in Egypt; yet there is a dearth of multivariate analysis as a technique that can combine all variances for all examined qualities using statistics that rely on the algebra of matrices and extract statistical markers from which the researcher can make an appropriate selection program within cultivars without causing genetic erosion. The present experiment was conducted to achieve the following objectives: to monitor the performance of growth traits in the Master pea cultivar using multivariate analysis and UPOV descriptor; evaluation of yield characteristics, seed yield, and quality of Master pea cultivar using multivariate analysis and UPOV descriptor. In this study, one of the most important results obtained was that the phenotypic diversity within the population (measured using the UPOV descriptor) is an important aspect that reflects genetic diversity and the ability of this genetic diversity to withstand changes in the environment. Natural selection - over the many years of the inherited varieties of countries and societies - affects the diversity of phenotypic traits among the individuals of the population. It can be concluded from this study that the phenotypic traits identified in the UPOV descriptor and data analysis using multivariate analysis can show differences between lines within cultivars. Therefore, we recommend taking advantage of the UPOV descriptor and multivariate analysis as a successful way to obtain differences and relationships between lines in conservation, maintenance, and improvement programs for ancient and promising cultivars in the Arab Republic of Egypt.
Rosal: a deserted township in Strath Naver, Sutherland
Authors: Fairhurst Horace
Published: March 2023

NC 690415. The survey is based upon fieldwork, documentary sources and excavation, and demonstrates a long history of intermittent settlement from the Bronze Age until the Clearances of 1814-8. About seventy structures of the period immediately before the Clearances are distinguished and classed as dwellings, outhouses, yards and corn-drying kilns; the absence of the more specialised buildings indicates the nature of Rosal as a purely farming community. The buildings and arable rigs are contained within an irregular stone wall and form three clusters. One complex examined in detail contained a longhouse, an adjacent barn, an outhouse included within a stretch of dyke, a stackyard and a large pit. The pottery, mass-produced imitations of English wares, was probably made in the Glasgow or Forth areas, and dates from the late 18th and very early 19th centuries (see also 70/894). Au
The cup-and-ring marks and similar sculptures of Scotland: a survey of the southern counties, Part II
Authors: Morris Ronald W B
Published: March 2023

Continuing the catalogue begun previously (abstracts 68/057, 69/341) this article covers the counties of Berwick, Clackmannan, Fife, Kinross, East, Mid and West Lothian, Peebles, Roxburgh, Selkirk and Stirling, with part of Argyll. Of the 180 sites listed, 60 are new, and opportunity is taken to add 30 more to the list given in Part 1. See also author's paper in Trans Ancient Monuments Soc, 16, 1968-9 (1969), 37-76.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 100

Table of contents

Office-bearers of the Society 1967-8

Obituary
Scottish Early Bronze Age metalwork
Authors: Coles John M
Published: March 2023

Evidence provided by grave-groups, hoards, metal analyses and correlations with stone moulds is used in conjunction with typology and distribution to establish a sequence of three industrial phases. Local production of metalwork began in the 18th century BC, and the first real industrial phase, Migdale, includes broad- and thin-butted flat axes, riveted flat knives, tanged daggers, spiral armlets and tubular beads, using Scottish or Irish ore-sources. The Colleonard phase in the 17th and early 16th centuries is characterised by the production of thin-butted axes, riveted knives, halberds, bar armlets and awls. Goldwork in the form of pommel-mounts, ear-rings and lunulae is attributed primarily to this phase. Flanged axes, spearheads and new forms of knife appear in the later 16th and 15th centuries during the Gavel Moss phase. A R
Donations to and purchases for the Museum, 1968-1969
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1968 – 1969. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1968 – 1969.
Flint tools from the present tidal zone, Lussa Bay, Isle of Jura, Argyll
Authors: Mercer John
Published: March 2023

NR 643868. 4424 flint artefacts were collected from the tidal zone of Lussa Bay, of which 1064 were identifiable; the assemblage is dominated by blades, flakes partly backed with cortex, cores, scrapers and leaf-shaped flakes, but includes microliths and microburins. Comparison with the collection from Lealt Bay, Jura, indicates that the majority of the Lussa Bay material is earlier and belongs to the Boreal-Atlantic transition (c 5500 BC); an ancestry in the mainland British Upper Palaeolithic is argued. There is also a separate Late Atlantic (Neolithic) phase of activity. A R
Breachacha Castle, Coll: excavation and field survey, 1965-8
Authors: Turner D J , Dunbar John G
Published: March 2023

[NM 160358]. To an early 15th century tower-house was added a courtyard enclosed by a crenellated curtain-wall and containing a single-storey hall. Major alterations in the late 16th and 17th centuries included the construction of an artillery defence, and in the later 17th century the hall was replaced by a three-storeyed dwelling-house. The same designer may have been responsible for the initial lay-out of both Breachacha and Kiessiemul on Barra. Cattle and sheep bones underline the argument against the "autumn killing" myth. Hebridean Craggan ware was the only pottery used until the importation of wheel-made wares began at the end of the 16th century. Abandonment came c 1750. A R
Excavation of bloomeries in Rannoch, Perthshire and elsewhere
Authors: Aitken W G
Published: March 2023

Fieldwork and excavation mostly in Perthshire and Argyll led to the identification of considerable numbers of slag heaps and hearths belonging to the early ironworking industry in Scotland. The bowl type of hearth was used for smelting bog iron, and the resultant slag was piled into either circular or "crag and tail" long heaps. Sole dating evidence was late 13th-early 14th century Leuchars ware from Ardmarnock Forest, Argyll. A R
Excavation of the chambered cairn at Achnacreebeag
Authors: Ritchie J N Graham , Henshall A S , McInnes I J
Published: March 2023

NM 929363. Excavation of a multi-period chambered cairn showed the passage-grave to be secondary to the simple closed chamber but shed no light on the morphological relationship between the two. The closed chamber was covered by a circular cairn which had been extended into an oval cairn when the passage-grave was built on to its perimeter. No dating evidence was found for the earlier tomb. Two phases of use were distinguished in the passage-grave, the first associated with Neolithic pottery (including Beacharra ware) and a plano-convex flint knife, and the second associated with the final blocking and with Beaker pottery, flints and jet disc beads. Beaker pottery found elsewhere in Lorn, Mull and N Argyll is discussed and catalogued. A R
Iron Age finds from Dùn an Fheurain, Gallanach, Argyll
Authors: Ritchie J N Graham , Megaw J V S
Published: March 2023

NM 824266. Illustrated catalogue and discussion of objects found during 19th-century excavations in a midden at Dùn an Fheurain and in a dun at Leccamore on Luing (NM 750107). The material from Dùn an Fheurain indicates occupation in the first two centuries AD (samian, ring-headed pin, spiral finger-ring) and in the mid and later first millennium AD (bone pins and comb, bone potter's stamp). A perforated antler plaque may belong to the wrest-plank of a lyre. A R
Early firearms and their influence on the military and domestic architecture of the Borders
Authors: Maxwell-Irving Alastair M T
Published: March 2023

Firearms came late to Scotland, although first used there by the English in 1327. The earliest use by the Scots was of large cannon in siege warfare "Mons Meg" was used at Threave in 1455, and later the castle's outer curtain was rebuilt with handgun slits in the wall and gunholes in the corner "rounds". The typical oval-mouthed gunhole, with hourglass section, appears c 1540, usually one per wallface, although occasionally overlapping fields of fire were arranged at different levels (Damelzier, Littledean). A re-examination of Amisfield Tower shows that the basement is of early date, gunholes being contrived by widening the lighting slits to give the appearance of a good traverse (studied in other towers). By 1600 the basement gunhole was going out of favour, although the inconspicuous muskethole continued to be used in upper walling. D F R
A hut-circle settlement at Kilphedir, Sutherland
Authors: Fairhurst Horace , Taylor David B
Published: March 2023

[NC 989194]. The Kilphedir settlement is typical of a common Sutherland class of hut-circles associated with clearance cairns and areas of arable. Five stone and timber round-houses were occupied c 500 BC on radiocarbon and pollen evidence, immediately prior to the local formation of blanket peat. The site was re-occupied perhaps in later 2nd century BC, when one of the old hut-circles was rebuilt on a more massive scale. Detailed soil and peat profiles are appended. A R
Microlithic and Bronze Age camps, 75-26 ft OD, N Carn, Isle of Jura
Authors: Mercer John , Werner A E A , Binns R E , Henderson D M
Published: March 2023

NR 685939. Mesolithic occupation on a natural platform at the head of N Carn bay included a small L-shaped setting and boulder interpreted as a possible hearth and seat. Charcoal from the setting yielded a radiocarbon date in 6th millennium bc, and associated flint and quartz artefacts included cores, flakes, steeply-trimmed microliths, microburins, scrapers, blades and gravers. Later activity on the site was represented by a fragment of a scale-flaked tool and a 14C-date in earlier 2nd millennium, and also by three barbed-and-tanged points. Pollen evidence is discussed. A R
A Bronze Age cemetery at Aberdour Road, Dunfermline, Fife
Authors: Close-Brooks Joanna , Norgate M , Ritchie J N Graham , Young Archibald , Lunt Dorothy A , Denston C B , McCawley J C
Published: March 2023

NT 117863. The cemetery consisted of three short cists, an urn burial and two cremation patches. One cist contained a crouched inhumation, probably female, accompanied by pig bones; a second cist showed no trace of burial though phosphate analysis tended to suggest one. The third cist held a crouched inhumation 14C-dated in 17th century bc, a Food Vessel, slug knife, strike-a-light and piece of iron ore. An Enlarged Food Vessel containing a female cremation was inverted within a small stone setting. Appended is a description of a short cist burial with Food Vessel at Keavil, Fife. A R
Soil phosphorus levels on archaeological sites
Authors: McKerrell Hugh , McCawley J C
Published: March 2023

Phosphate analysis has been used at a number of Scottish sites, principally to test for evidence of burials. An improved method for rapid field testing is described and the optimum spacing of samples given.
Hogback monuments in Scotland
Authors: Lang James T
Published: March 2023

Nearly 40 Scottish examples are catalogued and discussed. Their distribution is more maritime than in England, and only three of the English types are represented. Thenceforward the Scottish development divides into hogbacks with end-beasts, and those with tegulation but otherwise plain which in time evolve into the coped grave-covers of the Romanesque.
The Stones of Stenness, Orkney
Authors: Ritchie J N Graham , Marwick Ernest W , Henshall Audrey S , Savory L , Clutton-Brock Juliet , Caseldine C J , Whittington G , Dickson C A , Dickson J H , MacLean Coinneach , Collins G H , Williams D F , Fleet A J , Curtis G R , Harkness D D , Ralston I B M , Ritchie J N Graham , Marwick Ernest W
Published: March 2023

HY 307125. Report of excavations on the Class I henge together with discussion (by E W Marwick) of the folklore surrounding an outlying standing stone, the Stone of Odin, and a catalogue of important 18th and 19th century illustrations of both sites. Excavation of the henge revealed that a ring of twelve stones was originally planned and that a complex stone and timber setting occupied the centre, grooved ware was found in both the central feature and the ditch terminal. Radiocarbon dates in late 3rd millennium bc suggest that the henge was contemporary with Skara Brae and tombs of Maes Howe type. AR
The church and other bells of Wigtownshire
Authors: Eeles Francis C , Clouston Ronald W M
Published: March 2023

Survey catalogue of the bells from some fifty locations in the county and spanning the period 1534 to 1963.
Crossbows on Pictish stones
Authors: Gilbert John M
Published: March 2023

The archer's bow on the Drosten Stone, a 9th century Pictish symbol stone at St Vigeans Angus, is interpreted as a crossbow from the attitude of the hunter and the detail of the bow. Crossbows appear on two other Pictish stones (see also 78/5596). AR
Donations to and purchases for the Museum, 1976-1977
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1976 – 1977. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1976 – 1977.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Excavations and publications. Preparations were also made for the Society’s bicentenary and a Loyal Address was presented to the Queen for her silver jubilee. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. An amendment to the Society’s Laws that was proposed at the previous Anniversary meeting was discussed and approved. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died or resigned during 1976-1977 was read.At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Excavations and publications. Preparations were also made for the Society’s bicentenary and a Loyal Address was presented to the Queen for her silver jubilee. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. An amendment to the Society’s Laws that was proposed at the previous Anniversary meeting was discussed and approved. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died or resigned during 1976-1977 was read.

Notes for the guidance of contributors are appended.
A beaker cist at Newbiggingmill Quarry, Lanarkshire
Authors: Welfare Humphrey
Published: March 2023

NT 035453. A slab-built cist contained a flexed inhumation, two beakers of Clarke's Developed Northern (N2) and Late Northern (N3) groups, and a small flint knife. A R
Camelon native site
Authors: Proudfoot Edwina V W , Dimbleby G W , Sheldon Joan
Published: March 2023

NS 863812. Three phases of occupation adjacent to the Roman forts were represented by two successive circular timber houses separated in time by a straight bedding trench. A complex defensive system could not be related to the site sequence, which is apparently of 1st-2nd centuries AD. Pollen suggests hay-meadows.
Further records and opinions
Authors: Graham Angus
Published: March 2023

Reviews some significant contributions to Scottish archaeology which appeared in this periodical in the years 1930-71 and notes changes in methodology and presentation over time. Individual topics (eg chambered cairns, Roman antiquities, castles) are traced with a simple numerical analysis of numbers of articles.
Dun Cul Bhuirg, Iona, Argyll
Authors: Ritchie J N Graham , Lane Alan M , Collins G H , Dickson C A , Noddle Barbara
Published: March 2023

NM 274247. A small fort defended by a stone wall with internal traces of a circular house; the pottery typifies the decorated Iron Age wares of the Hebrides, for which a chronological range 100 BC-AD 300 is likely. A R
Medieval pottery from the kiln site at Colstoun, E Lothian
Authors: Brooks Catherine M , Betts Ian M
Published: March 2023

NT 520709. Excavation of two kilns yielded a very large assemblage of wheel-thrown vessels in typically pale fabric with thick yellow, green or brown glazes. Cooking pots and jugs predominate, the jugs decorated mostly with applied strips but also with face-masks; mid to later 13th century. A R
Two Mesolithic sites near Newburgh, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Hawke-Smith C F
Published: March 2023

NK 101256, NJ 991212. Two flint working sites examined many years ago at Forvie and Menie Links yielded numerous rod microliths which identify these sites as among the most northerly Meso sites in Britain.
A lost radiocarbon date for Shetland
Authors: Barcham R C
Published: March 2023

Sorts out a muddle relating to two determinations for Ness of Gruting, one of which was mistakenly attributed to Stanydale. Calder's material is unequivocally now placed in a Beaker/EBA context.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum, 1978-1980
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1978 – 1980.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered, covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Excavations and publications. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died or resigned during 1979-1980 was read.

 

Notes for the guidance of contributors are appended.
Green Knowe unenclosed platform settlement and Harehope cairn, Peeblesshire
Authors: Jobey George
Published: March 2023

NT 212434. Nine house-platforms and associated field-banks yielded flat-rim ware and 14C dates indicating occupation in the later 2nd millennium BC. The multi-period cairn, built in late 3rd millennium BC, covered burials with grave-goods including Beakers, shale ornaments, flint knives and collared urns. AR
Angus Graham
Authors: Dunbar John G
Published: March 2023

Angus Graham was born at Skipness, Kintyre, on 3 April 1892 and died in Edinburgh on 25 November 1979.
Cluny Castle, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Slade H Gordon
Published: March 2023

An investigation into the original form of this castle built c 1604, and largely replaced in the 1830s by a large mansion in the castellated style designed by John Smith.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 111

Table of contents

Office bearers and representatives of the Society, 1980-1
Lecture summaries
Authors: MacKie E W , Pitts Lynn F , Whyte Ian D
Published: March 2023

Three lecture summaries:

Excavations at the Broch of Leckie, Stirlingshire

Roman legionary fortresses as exemplified by Inchtuthil

Scottish agriculture in the 17th century: continuity and change
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died during 1982-1983 was read.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 113

Office bearers and representatives of the Society, 1982-3

Table of contents

Editorial
Postglacial hunter-gatherers and vegetational history in Scotland
Authors: Edwards Kevin J , Ralston Ian
Published: March 2023

Reviews evidence for change from first human settlement to c 3000 bc; considers extent to which hunter-gatherers influenced broad-, as opposed to small-scale change in palaeofloras; how far charcoal may indicate the intentional use of fire; hazel/bog myrtle identification problems; transition to agriculture. Man's role in landscape change remains uncertain.
A preliminary survey of hut circles and field systems in SE Perthshire
Authors: Harris Judith
Published: March 2023

Attempted classification of 180 groups of hut circles (comprising over 700 individual structures), with attention to siting, size, entrance and group orientation. Field systems also studied.
Groups of small cairns in northern Britain - a view from SW Scotland
Authors: Yates M J
Published: March 2023

An agricultural rather than a funerary explanation is sought for the small groups of cairns in Dumfries-Galloway, which appear to span the Sub-Boreal and Sub-Atlantic (3200 into 1st millennium BC).
Millstone making in Scotland
Authors: Tucker D Gordon
Published: March 2023

Identifies two main 18th-19th century types, based on urban and rural manufacture respectively. Imported French burrs and local rock (special importance of Kain Hill quarry). Known manufacturers listed.
Later prehistoric pottery from Dun Cul Bhuirg, Iona, Argyll
Authors: Topping Patrick G
Published: March 2023

In 1980 DrsJN G Ritchie and A M Lane published an account of the excavation and a description of the finds recovered from the small fort of Dun Cul Bhuirg, lona. Much of the pottery from the site was thought to be lost, which hampered their interpretation of the extant sherds and the relationship of the fort and associated hut sites to others in the Western Isles. Several hundred of the lost pottery sherds have now been recovered and are described here, together with a discussion of some of the more general problems relating to the later prehistoric pottery sequence in the Islands.
Investigation of plough-truncated features at Southwest Fullarton Farm, Meigle, Perthshire
Authors: Strong Peter
Published: March 2023

Excavations of cropmark features in the vicinity of the medieval site of Fullerton Castle revealed a series of shallow ditches, one of which contained a potsherd of Flavian origin in its primary filling. This and other finds suggest that this site has been utilized since at least the Roman period, through the improvements of the 18th century, to the present day.
A lost Pictish treasure (and two Viking-age gold arm-rings) from the Broch of Burgar, Orkney
Authors: Graham-Campbell James
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the first full discussion of the provenance, composition and affinities of the remarkable hoard of silver vessels and ornaments and amber which was found in 1840 and since lost. The Viking-age gold arm-rings and burials from elsewhere on the same site are also discussed.
The Blackadder Aisle at Glasgow Cathedral: a reconsideration of the architectural evidence for its date
Authors: Fawcett Richard
Published: March 2023

It is argued from analysis of the mouldings and other features that the Blackadder Aisle was built in two stages, separated by at least two centuries. The shell of the lower storey may be the work of the same mason who built the choir in the mid 13th century, while Archbishop Blackadder (1483-1508) merely covered the incomplete shell with its vault, albeit sympathetically blended in.
The Tower and House of Drum, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Slade H Gordon
Published: March 2023

On the north side of the Dee and 10 miles to the west of Aberdeen lie the Tower and House of Drum. The nearest of the great houses of the county to the city, it was, from 1323 until 1975, when it was left to the National Trust for Scotland, the home of the Irvines of Drum.
Durrisdeer Church
Authors: MacKechnie Aonghus
Published: March 2023

Because it has lost its original roof-form, Durisdeer Church has not been recognized as a major monument in its own right. This paper presents two complementary primary sources, a sketch by John Clerk of Eldin and an 18th-century description showing its original form: the building history is investigated and stylistic and circumstantial evidence is combined to suggest that not only the Queensberry Aisle, but also the main building is by James Smith of Whitehill.
Scottish and Irish metalwork and the 'conspiratio barbarica'
Authors: Laing Lloyd , Laing Jennifer
Published: March 2023

It is suggested that 'Donside terrets' were still current as late as the 4th century AD and that stylistic links between Scottish and Irish metalwork may indicate alliance between Picts and Scots in the late Roman period. Au (adp)
Lavacroon, Orphir, Orkney
Authors: Batey Coleen E , Freeman Claudine
Published: March 2023

The results of fieldwalking on the mound, where substantial structural stones had been disturbed by ploughing, suggested an industrial site, perhaps associated with the Norse site of the Earl's Bu. Furnace linings, crucibles, ingot mould, etc are reported. F B/Ed
The chapel and enclosure on the Brough of Deerness, Orkney: survey and excavations, 1975-1977
Authors: Morris Christopher D , Emery Norman , Batey Colleen E , Bettess Fred , Bramwell Donald , Donaldson Alison , Edwards Lloyd J , Hillson Simon , Lunt Dorothy A , McDonnell Gerry , Rackham D James , Reed David , Robinson Paul H , Steedman Kenneth , Stenhouse Michael , Stevenson Robert B K , Wheeler Alwyn , Williams David F , Young Robert , McBarron Keith , Dickson John , Jeffrey David , Moberg Gunnie , Morris Christopher , Radford J D H
Published: March 2023

Excavations took place at this site in 1975-6, followed by a survey in 1977, at the invitation of the Inspectorate

of Ancient Monuments, as clearance of turf and rubble had previously revealed a hoard of post-medieval coins. Further coins were found, which relate to the period after usage of the chapel had ceased: the group is  interpreted in votive terms and related to accounts of pilgrimage to the site. The unicameral chapel itself had 

both a timber and a stone phase. The timber chapel probably had a stone 'cladding' and additions to the stone chapel at one stage included at least one stone bench. Little dating evidence was forthcoming, but a 10th-century coin was found in an intermediate stage between the two phases. The area around the chapel was enclosed, in the later phase, by a rectangular low stone wall, and in the earlier by a series of gullies and a

possible timber fence. Few burials were found: two infant graves from the timber phase, one adult, one child and two infants from the stone phase. This raises questions about the status of the site, sometimes seen as an early Christian monastery. The survey revealed more buildings than recognized before, and a

regularity of layout, which may be of more than one phase. Interpretation as a Norse monastery is referred to, and the possibility is raised that the buildings may be secular, surrounding a chapel dating from the Norse period, rather than earlier.
Lecture summaries
Authors: Ritchie Anna , Halliday S P , Fernie E C , Macquarrie A , Martin Colin J M , Wickham-Jones Caroline R , Driscoll Stephen T , Nieke Margaret R , Cameron Neil Manson
Published: March 2023

Nine lecture summaries:Holm of Papa Westray: an insight into the Neolithic use of chambered tombsCord rig and early cultivation in the BordersEarly church architecture in the south of ScotlandTorphichen and the Knights of Saint John of JerusalemThe Dartmouth: a 17th-century warship in the Sound of MullThe procurement and use of stone for flaked tools in prehistoric ScotlandPower and authority in Early Historic Scotland: Pictish stones and other documentsLiteracy and power: the introduction and use of writing in Early Historic ScotlandThe Romanesque sculpture of Dunfermline Abbey
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died during 1985-1986 was presented.
Preliminaries
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

Front matter for Volume 116

Table of contents

Office bearers and representatives of the Society, 1985-6
Reconnaissance excavations on early historic fortifications and other royal sites in Scotland, 1974-84: 2, Excavations at Dunollie Castle, Oban, Argyll, 1978
Authors: Alcock Leslie , Alcock Elizabeth A
Published: March 2023

Dunollie is the Dun Ollaigh mentioned in early annals, and small-scale excavations revealed a sequence of structures that correlates well with the historical evidence. Within a radiocarbon date-range of the 7th-10th centuries, a bronze-worker's hearth, with moulds for stick pins, was overlain by a stone-built rampart which subsequently collapsed. A new rampart was superimposed on the old probably in the 13th century. The role of Dunollie in Dal Riata is considered, along with the social status of Argyll duns generally. A R
Re-discovering a landscape: the barrow and motte in north Ayrshire
Authors: Linge John
Published: March 2023

There is a need to reassess large mounds currently interpreted as mottes in the light of the possibility that they are burial mounds. A R
Old harbours in northern and western Scotland
Authors: Graham Angus , Gordon Joanna
Published: March 2023

History and surviving structure of 141 harbours from Inverness round to Inveraray. A R
Two beaker burials from Keabog, Pitdrichie, near Drumlithie, Kincardine and Deeside
Authors: Shepherd Ian A G , Bruce Margaret F
Published: March 2023

Two short cists revealed by gravel quarrying each contained an adult male inhumation with skull and other injuries, a late Northern beaker and, in one case, a large flint flake knife. Radiocarhon dates for both skeletons centre on c 1760 bc. A R
Lecture summaries
Authors: Wickham-Jones Caroline R , Hunter John , Rideout J S , Flanagan Laurence , Somerville Andrew R , Stell Geoffrey
Published: March 2023

Seven lecture summaries:Rhum: the excavationsFrom Neolithic to Viking – excavations at Pool, Sanday, OrkneyExcavation of an Iron-Age fort at The Dunion, RoxburghshireThe Spanish Armada: its Irish legacyThe ancient sundials of ScotlandBuildings of St KildaThe use of bloodstone on the island of Rhum, Scotland, and beyond
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died during 1986-1987 was presented.
English migrants in the Hebrides: 'Atlantic Second B' revisited
Authors: Lane Alan
Published: March 2023

Rebuttal of the theory that there was an influx of settlers from S England or NW France into the Hebrides in the 1st century BC. Rejected are cultural links shown by glass beads, bronze spiral finger rings, long-handled bone combs, parallelopiped bone dice, triangular crucibles, disc querns, pottery, house design, and double guard cells. Fresh analyses of artefacts and structures are needed to resolve a peculiarly Hebridean archaeological record. A R
Ptolemy, Tacitus and the tribes of north Britain
Authors: Mann John C , Breeze David J
Published: March 2023

Ptolemy's list of places in north Britain, arranged by tribe, may include both native sites and Roman forts. Unallocated fort names may have been added by Ptolemy to the list of what he thought was the appropriate tribe, possibly not always correctly. Separation of the two groups of names allows a re-allocation of territories to be attempted. Au (abr A R)