bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial Variation in the Association between Childhood Depression and Frontal Pole Volume among American Children
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: November 2020

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with an altered structure and function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). There is more to find out about how this association differs among diverse racial groups. Aim: This study was performed to investigate racial differences in the association between MDD and frontal pole volume in 9/10-year-old children in the U.S. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Then an analytical sample included 10185 American children between the ages of 9 and 10. The independent variable was current MDD, measured using K-SADS. The primary outcome was frontal pole volume, measured using the structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI). Race was the moderator. Mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis. Results: In the overall sample, MDD was associated with a smaller frontal pole volume among children. Race showed a statistically significant interaction with MDD on children’s frontal pole volume, indicating stronger effects on White children compared to Black children. Conclusion: The inverse association between MDD and frontal pole volume is steeper in Black than White American children. White American children with and without MDD show more similar frontal pole volume, while Black children with and without MDD differ more when it comes to the frontal pole volume. It is unknown whether or not the stronger association between frontal pole volume and MDD in Black children is due to a poor access to treatment or to a higher chronicity of MDD in Black communities.
XGBoost and Network Analysis for Prediction of Proteins Affecting Insulin based on Protein Protein Interactions
Authors: Al Faroby Mohammad Hamim Zajuli , Irawan Mohammad Isa , Puspaningsih Ni Nyoman Tri
Published: November 2020

Protein Interaction Analysis (PPI) can be used to identify proteins that have a supporting function on the main protein, especially in the synthesis process. Insulin is synthesized by proteins that have the same molecular function covering different but mutually supportive roles. To identify this function, the translation of Gene Ontology (GO) gives certain characteristics to each protein. This study purpose to predict proteins that interact with insulin using the centrality method as a feature extractor and extreme gradient boosting as a classification algorithm. Characteristics using the centralized method produces  features as a central function of protein. Classification results are measured using measurements, precision, recall and ROC scores. Optimizing the model by finding the right parameters produces an accuracy of  and a ROC score of . The prediction model produced by XGBoost has capabilities above the average of other machine learning methods.
Application of Early Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Equipped with Calorie Needs for DM Sufferers using the Fuzzy Mamdani Method
Authors: Wardana Humaidillah Kurniadi , Ummah Imamatul , Fitriyah Lina Arifah
Published: November 2020

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the deadliest degenerative diseases in the world. The prevalence of DM in Indonesia from year to year shows asignificant increase. The high number of these causes the need for appropriate action and anticipation for health workers, DM families and DM people themselves. In this study, a system application model was created by using informatics techniques in health for early diagnosis of DM and what calorie needs needed for DM sufferers. This system was created using a GUI application and the Mamdani fuzzy method. The purpose of creating this system is to help in making an initial decision for DM diagnosis. The results obtained, first a DM diagnosis system with 6 input variables, 3 output variables, and 155 rules with MAPE achieved 29.48%. The second is the calorie requirements system with 2 input variables, 2 output variables namely BMI with MAPE 10.57% BMR with MAPE 9.7% and 9 rules with the results achieved by 99%.
Hopscotch Game to Support Stimulus in Children’s Gross Motor Skill using IoT
Authors: Jati Riyan Kuncoro , Suwastika Novian Anggis , Yasirandi Rahmat
Published: November 2020

Every movement that has connection to stability and coordination between each body part were accounted as the gross motor skill system. If gross motor skill development were interrupted especially for 3-5 years old, their activities would be negatively affected. Foot-based games such as jumping and stepping can be used to train a child's motor balance. One example of a famous traditional game is hopscotch. Hopscotch is a game that demand high flexibility of foot movement a coordination skills thus proved scientifically can train children gross motor skill system. Various types of hopscotch games have the potential to improve children's dynamic balance. But in traditional hopscotch games it is difficult to see how the mechanism of improving children's dynamic balance is established. The development of a child's dynamic balance cannot be constantly tracked by teachers or parents. Therefore, we design and create hopscotch with an automated system that can overcome these limitations with digital records, data stored safely, system requirements easily duplicated, and more accurate. In the Hopscotch game, there are features, namely levels 1–3, and memory test, where the memory test serves to train children's memory. The hopscotch game using Footstep based capacitive sensor and LED feedback, the improved gameplay used for training and measuring child’s gross motor skill system by their time completion and true/false footstep ratio. As the result the IoT based Hopscotch game with randomized lane are successfully mimic hopscotch gameplay with its added gameplay feature, the player subject performance has increased adaptability performance through each level the capacitive sensor-based footprint system has shown 100% accuracy, the system fully response to the footstep with average 456 milliseconds reading time per step, the system interface can fully control the gameplay level and can show players performance.
As-RaD System as a Design Model of the Network Automation Configuration System Based on the REST-API and Django Framework
Authors: Rochim Adian Fatchur , Rafi Abda , Fauzi Adnan , Martono Kurniawan Teguh
Published: November 2020

The use of information technology these days are very high. From business through education activities tend to use this technology most of the time. Information technology uses computer networks for integration and management data. To avoid business problems, the number of network devices installed requires a manageable network configuration for easier maintenance. Traditionally, each of network devices has to be manually configured by network administrators. This process takes time and inefficient. Network automation methods exist to overcome the repetitive process. Design model uses a web-based application for maintenance and automates networking tasks. In this research, the network automation system implemented and built a controller application that used REST API (Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface) architecture and built by Django framework with Python programming language. The design modeled namely As-RaD System. The network devices used in this research are Cisco CSR1000V because it supports REST API communication to manage its network configuration and could be placed on the server either. The As-RaD System provides 75% faster performance than Paramiko and 92% than NAPALM.
Attention-based CNN-BiLSTM for Dialect Identification on Javanese Text
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad Fathan , Cahyaningtyas Siwi , Pamungkas Rheza Daffa
Published: November 2020

This study proposes a hybrid deep learning models called attention-based CNN-BiLSTM (ACBiL) for dialect identification on Javanese text. Our ACBiL model comprises of input layer, convolution layer, max pooling layer, batch normalization layer, bidirectional LSTM layer, attention layer, fully connected layer and softmax layer. In the attention layer, we applied a hierarchical attention networks using word and sentence level attention to observe the level of importance from the content. As comparison, we also experimented with other several classical machine learning and deep learning approaches. Among the classical machine learning, the Linear Regression with unigram achieved the best performance with average accuracy of 0.9647. In addition, our observation with the deep learning models outperformed the traditional machine learning models significantly. Our experiments showed that the ACBiL architecture achieved the best performance among the other deep learning methods with the accuracy of 0.9944.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pekerja Anak di Indonesia
Authors: Swastika Made Dharma Laksana , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Arini Desak Gde Dwi
Published: November 2020

Child labor regulations in Law 13/2003 for child labor in a company can be said in practice to be quite good and in accordance with their respective work agreements and there must be permission from the child's parents. This study aims to determine the legal protection for child labor in Indonesia and determine the factors causing underage children to do work. This research was designed using empirical legal methods. Sources of data obtained directly from the community called primary data (basic data) and obtained from library materials called secondary data. Data was collected using documentation and interview techniques. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of child labor in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 for child labor in a company is in good practice and in accordance with the work agreement of each and there must be permission from the child's parents. In overcoming obstacles and obstacles, the company tries as much as possible to realize the core of article 68 of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 in terms of prohibiting the company from employing underage child labor by providing certain policies to be enforced after deliberation between the company and child labor first. Through this research, non-litigation settlement is expected as the first choice and authoritative (fair for both parties), namely Workers and Employers are given the freedom to choose an existing peace agent (conciliator/mediator), and facilitate the formation of an arbitration system that is free / independent, independent, and authoritative.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana terhadap Warga Negara Asing yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan
Authors: Dananjaya Made Dwi Kurnia , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Indonesia in this era of globalization was made as a country that can include foreigners in carrying out activities in the form of industry, tourism and commerce in Indonesia. The development of technological science, allows people to be more consumptive in using it. Viewed from a psychological perspective, it is often found that foreign tourists have deviant behavior from legal norms that exist in Indonesia. One of the deviant acts is the criminal treatment of persecution of a foreign citizen to Indonesian citizens who are in the Republic of Indonesia. There is also a problem statement. The purpose of this study is to determine criminal liability and criminal sanctions given to foreign citizens who commit criminal acts of persecution. This study uses a normative method because there are still vague norms, based on the opinions of legal scholars and the Law. One person can have a personality in criminal liability if some things or actions made by someone in violating positive law, if one can eliminate the sense of responsibility in someone who found an element of a person's ability to lose responsibility.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Guest House dan Villa tanpa Izin di Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Saraswati Cinta , Arjaya I Made , Sudibya Diah Gayatri
Published: November 2020

Tourism is a source of local revenue and its investment is a potentially vital production factor in the service production business in this field. To support tourism accommodation in the tourist area of ​​Badung Regency, guest houses (boarding houses/rented houses) and villas are needed as support. Especially in Badung Regency, in the Canggu area, many houses are used as guest houses for guests who want to stay in Bali. This study aims to determine the supervision of Guest Houses and Villas in Badung Regency, and to determine the application of sanctions against guest houses and villas that violate permits in Badung Regency. The method in this research is a type of normative legal research which is carried out with the method of recording and reviewing based on legal materials. In this study, studying and gathering information through legal science books without deviating from positive law in order to form a conclusion. The research results show that the supervision of Guest Houses and Villas in Badung Regency is given the authority by the Regional Regulation through the Civil Service Police Unit which is assigned to monitor every building that does not have a permit in the Badung Regency area, especially in the Canggu area. Then, sanctions against violators are in the form of warnings 3 times, if they do not disobey the villa owner, they will be subject to forced demolition by officers.
Sanksi Pidana terhadap Perbuatan Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup oleh Limbah Sablon dan Pencelupan di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Saputra I Made Della Dwi Angga , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Denpasar City is the center of government, population center, tourism center, trade center, economic activity and center for other activities so you can imagine how busy Denpasar City is in handling all aspects of people's increasingly complex life. An incident that looks easy but few people care about, one of which is waste, so many effects can be obtained from disposing of the residual use of fragrances and screen printing, which are often found, but without a clear response to allow the accumulation of waste. Even though the government has regulations and sanctions related to these problems, they are often ignored by owners or entrepreneurs engaged in screen printing. Environmental pollution, which has often occurred since a long time ago, is a community disease that is difficult to eliminate. The researcher has a problem formulation covering 1) How is the legal arrangement regarding criminal acts against environmental pollution by screen printing and dyeing waste in Denpasar City? 2) What are the criminal sanctions against the perpetrators of criminal acts of environmental pollution by screen printing and dyeing waste in Denpasar City? The research was carried out by reviewing books on law and not deviating from the problems studied and the current positive law as well as studies in the library, this research is often called normative research. The results of this study state that criminal sanctions against perpetrators of environmental pollution by screen printing and dyeing waste in Denpasar City are in the form of fines and imprisonment. The act of environmental pollution carried out by NHY by disposing of screen printing waste into the river has violated Article 58 paragraph (2) of the Regional Regulation on the City of Denpasar Number 1 of 2015.
Efektivitas Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2009 dalam Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Suputra I Putu , Dewi A.A Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Currently, drugs in Indonesia are very rampant. The negative impact caused is enormous. Supervision and control as an effort to eradicate and prevent the circulation of narcotics are indispensable for crimes in this field that continue to develop in terms of quality and quantity which lead to the destruction of the nation's new generation. This research was conducted with the aim of describing the application of sanctions against narcotics crimes in decision Number 564/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.DPS and the judge's consideration on the application of sanctions in the Narcotics Crime Decision in Decision Number 564 / Pid.Sus/2018/PN.DPS. This research used a normative legal research method. The results of this study indicated that the application of narcotics criminal sanctions, especially in decision number 564/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.DPS is in accordance with what is stipulated in Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics with various articles of bondage and strict laws in accordance with the evidence as evidence of the government's seriousness in providing a deterrent effect, safeguarding, overcoming, and saving or protecting a nation from the dangers of narcotics. In addition, the judge's consideration in making a decision on narcotics crime in decision number 564/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.DPS is in accordance with the evidence, where proof requires at least 2 (two) evidence to consider a fact that is in the trial and is assisted by a judge's decision who will later decide on a case.
Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan dalam Perspektif Perlindungan Hukum Perempuan
Authors: Pratama Teo Dentha Maha , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: November 2020

A criminal act refers to an act that is prohibited by legal regulations accompanied by threats in the form of sanctions such as the application of certain crimes. The criminal act of rape in the Criminal Code is included in the category of decency. Criminal acts of rape can be referenced from the Book II of the Criminal Code. In this regard, this study focuses on two issues: (1) legal protection of women victims of rape from a women’s legal perspective and (2) criminal sanctions against perpetrators of the criminal acts of rape against women. This study makes use of the normative method because there is an empty norm. Legal protection for women as victims of rape correlatable in Article 285 of the Criminal Code Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) as well as the Domestic Violence Law (KDRT) Number 23 of 2004 Article 46 concerning Sexual Violence in the household. This regulation only regulates the sanctions for perpetrators of the acts of rape against women. Sanctions for perpetrators of the rape against women are regulated in Article 285 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) which can also be seen in Law Number 23 of 2004 Article 46 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence with imprisonment or the same fine.
Fungsi Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia terhadap Pelanggaran Siaran Televisi
Authors: Sari Anak Agung Ayu Mas Merta , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: November 2020

Broadcasting through television media is an effective and efficient way to convey information, education and inspiration to the public or society. The information that is presented must have been packaged in such a way that it is interesting to display. However, in practice, there are frequent violations of television broadcasting, especially violating broadcasting code of conduct and broadcast program standards. For this reason, this study aims to determine the regulation of television broadcasts in Indonesia, and to determine the sanctions for violations of television broadcasting. The research method used is normative research with several problem approaches, namely the conceptual approach and the statutory approach. Sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the research that has been done, it shows that the regulation of television broadcasts carried out by the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission is expected to be able to regulate broadcasts so that they do not deviate from broadcast corridors that are in accordance with sound broadcast standards or categories and are able to provide inspiring information and education to the public watching the broadcast. The imposition of sanctions for stations that violate must also be firmer and have a deterrent effect so that the same incident does not occur again. For this reason, it is better if the government, television stations, and the community must work together to create healthy broadcasts not only based on ratings and material benefits, but must be based on the concept of healthy and inspiring education among the public.
Employee innovative performance in science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises: A triadic reciprocal determinism perspective
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Lin Sheng , Liu Jinlan
Published: November 2020

We formulated a conceptual model based on triadic reciprocal determinism theory, to explain the relationships among organizational innovative climate, employee work involvement, creativity, and innovative performance. We used data from 5,242 employees at science and technology-based
small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Tianjin, China. Results of the structural equation modeling show that (a) employee innovative performance is a function of three determinants, namely, employee work involvement and creativity, and organizational innovative climate; (b) employee
work involvement and creativity mediated between organizational innovative climate and employee innovative performance; and (c) employee creativity was the strongest predictor of innovative performance. The results of importance-performance map analysis indicate that team building was a specific
weakness. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the factors affecting employee innovative performance, and the internal mechanism underlying the above relationships. Our results identify weaknesses in the enterprises' organizational climate, and we recommend how to improve performance.
UNCOVER LOCAL WISDOM VALUE OF TRADE AT THE BORDER OF INDONESIA-MALAYSIA: AN ISLAMIC ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Iswanto Budi , Munadi Munadi , Suriadi Suriadi
Published: November 2020

This article focuses on the study of local wisdom values of trade at the Indonesia-Malaysia border (in Perspective of Islamic Economics and Islamic teachings). The research location is in the community of Temajuk Sub-district which is directly adjacent to Malaysia. The trading activities undertaken by the Temajuk community have a local value that shows the relation with Islamic values, as well as the value of Islamic teachings. Local wisdom values of Temajuk Malay culture like Belalle ', Talangge ', Sikutuan, and Taware ' in a trading perspective are found in the indigenous ethnolinguistic Malay Temajuk. Ethnolinguistics is the value applied in Temajuk Malay customary as a form of communication which also has the value of Sharia trading. Ethnolinguistics above contains the value of Falah in trade, the form of Ethnolinguistics in trade communications is known by the Malay Community Temajuk and already being applied in the acceptance of trade, but the understanding of the values Contained in the indigenous Ethno linguistics  Malay Temajuk has not been known by the Temajuk Malay community, it is due to the interruption of the transfer of values between generations. So that the process of internalization of value needs to be conducted so that cultural functions as a manifestation of ideas that form the behavior of communities in trade can be implemented.========================================================================================================Menguak Nilai-nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Perdagangan di Perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia: Suatu Perspektif Ekonomi Islam. Artikel ini memfokuskan pada kajian Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal Perdagangan Daerah Perbatasan Indonesia-Malaysia (Dalam perspektif Ekonomi dan Pendidikan Islam). Dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian pada masyarakat di Daerah Temajuk yang berbatasan langsung dengan Malaysia. Kegiatan perdagangan yang dilakukan masyarakat temajuk ternyata memiliki nilai lokal yang menunjukan keterkaitan nilai ajaran Islami, serta nilai pendidikan Islam. Nilai-nilai kearifan lokal budaya Melayu Temajuk seperti belalle’, talangge’, sikutuan, dan taware’ dalam perspektif perdagangan terdapat dalam etnolinguistik adat Melayu Temajuk. Etnolinguistik tersebut merupakan nilai yang diaplikasikan dalam adat Melayu Temajuk sebagai bentuk komunikasi. Dan memiliki nilai perdagangan syariah. Etnolinguistik di atas mengandung nilai falah dalam perdagangan, bentuk etnolinguistik dalam komunikasi perdagangan diketahui oleh masyarakat Melayu Temajuk dan telah diaplikasikan dalam transaksi perdagangan, namun pemahaman terhadap nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam etnolinguistic adat Melayu Temajuk tersebut belum diketahui oleh masayarakat Melayu Temajuk disebabkan terputusnya transfer nilai antar generasi. Sehingga proses internalisasi nilai perlu dilakukan, agar fungsi budaya sebagai wujud ide dan gagasan yang membentuk prilaku masyarakat dalam perdagangan yang dapat diimplementasikan.
Demographic, Clinical, and Angiographic Characteristics of Atrial Fibrillation Patients Suffering from De Novo Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Coner Ali , Ekmekci Cenk , Aydin Gokhan , Dogan Yasemin , Ozluk Ozlem Arican , Kilic Salih , Celik Yunus , Ungan Ismail , Tascanov Mustafa Begenc , Duz Ramazan , Polat Veli , Ozkan Hakan , Ozyasar Mehmet , Tuluce Kamil , Icli Abdullah , Kurt Devrim , Cetin Nurullah , Gul Murat , Inci Sinan , Coskun Fatma Yilmaz , Akdeniz Ayse , Zoghi Mehdi , Ergene Oktay , TURK Ugur
Published: November 2020

Abstract Aim: The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients
with myocardial infarction (MI) ranges widely and has been reported to
be as high as 21%. However, the demographic, clinical, and angiographic
characteristics of AF patients with de novo MI is unclear. The aim of
this study was to investigate the prevalence of patients presenting with
de novo MI with AF. Methods: The study was performed as a sub-study of
the MINOCA-TR (Myocardial Infarction with Non-obstructive Coronary
Arteries in Turkish Population) Registry, a multicenter,
cross-sectional, observational, all-comer registry. MI patients without
a known history of stable coronary artery disease and/or prior coronary
revascularization were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into
AF and Non-AF groups according to their presenting cardiac rhythm.
Results: A total of 1793 patients were screened and 1626 were included
in the study. Mean age was 61.5 (12.5) years. 70.7% of patients were
men. Prevalence of AF was 3.1% (51 patients). AF patients were older
[73.4 (9.4) vs. 61.0 (12.4) years, p<0.001] than non-AF
patients. The proportion of women to men in the AF group was also higher
than in the non-AF group (43.1% vs. 28.7%, p=0.027). Dramatically, the
minority of patients were previously diagnosed with AF (14 patients,
27.4%) and only 1 out of every 5 AF patients (10 patients, 19.6%) was
using oral anticoagulants (OAC). Conclusions: AF prevalence in patients
presenting with de novo MI was lower than reported in previous studies.
The majority of AF patients did not have any knowledge of their
arrhythmia and were not undergoing OAC therapy at admission, emphasizing
the vital role of successful diagnostic strategies, patient education,
and implementations for guideline adaptation.
Organosolv delignification of residual plantation willow bark after extractive removal
Authors:   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Pals Matiss , Lauberte Liga ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Arshanitsa Alexandr ,   University of Latvia, Vevere Laima ,   University of Latvia, Jurkjane Vilhelmine ,   University of Latvia, Telysheva Galina
Published: November 2020

Plantation willows are commonly grown plants which are widely used for energetic purposes that does not correspond completely to its potential. To fully integrate this resource into biorefinery scheme, it is necessary to study optimal conditions of willow bark processing, aimed for separation of bark components, their comprehensive characterization and profitable practical application. Extraction of secondary metabolites is well known approach for bark processing. But the separation of the main cell wall components including lignin from the residual biomass is less studied. In this work plantation residual willow bark after extractives separation by two different solvents (acetone and ethanolwater) was used as a feedstock for Organosolv delignification. Effect of temperature and catalyst used on the yield and properties of lignin isolated from residual bark by ethanol-water treatment was studied. It was possible to obtain pure lignin with high yields (up to 41%) that has the potential to be used for bio-plastic producing. Insoluble residue after delignification was carbohydrate rich (up to 80%) feedstock allowing its practical use for bioethanol producing.
Chemical properties of needles as an indicator of nutrient status of fertilized coniferous stands
Authors:   University of Latvia, Karklina Ilze , Zvaigzne Zaiga Anna ,   Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, Stola Jelena ,   Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’
Published: November 2020

Enhanced forest growth may respond to demand of woody resources and contribute to the climate change mitigation. Forest soil treatment with fertilizers, as well as drainage and thinning enhance forest growth. The analysis of needles is an established method in forest science to identify the nutrient status in the forest stand and need for forest soil enrichment with fertilizers. The aim of this research is to estimate the efficiency of forest soil enrichment with wood ash and ammonium nitrate in order to eliminate nutrient deficiency in forest stands. Forest soil was enriched with wood ash fertilizer or ammonium nitrate in 2016–2017. The current year needles were collected from fertilized and control plots, from three trees in each plot. The samples were collected in the period 2018–2019. Total nitrogen (g kg-1), calcium (g kg-1), magnesium (g kg-1), and potassium (g kg-1) were analyzed in the collected samples. The chemical properties of collected needles were compared at the individual object level to estimate the impact of fertilizer on forest stand. A statistically significant increase in the concentrations of potassium and phosphorus was detected in some plots treated with wood ash and ammonium nitrate. In addition, a correlation analysis conducted between the variables of chemical properties of needles and soil showed few significant correlations between nutrient content in needles and in soil samples.
Composition of extracts isolated from black alder bark by microwave assisted water extraction
Authors:   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Arshanitsa Alexandr , Ponomarenko Jevgenija ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Lauberts Maris ,   Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Jurkjane Vilgelmina , Jashina Lilija , Semenischev Alexandr , Akishin Jegor , Telysheva Galyna
Published: November 2020

The composition of extracts isolated from black alder bark by ‘green’ microwave assisted water extraction in the temperature range of 70–150 ℃ was studied using the wet chemistry Folin-Ciocalteu method and Py-GC-MS/FID. The composition data were compared with those of the extracts obtained at the same temperature by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of bark. It was shown that microwave assisted extraction, compared with ASE, resulted in more significant transition of major cell wall components, including hemicelluloses and phenolics of lignin origination, into the solution. Depending on the microwave assisted extraction regimes, products with different portion of major cell wall components and secondary phenolic metabolites can be isolated that enlarge the possibilities of products valorisation. Thus, a significant promotion of secondary phenolic metabolites’ transition into extracts as a result of microwave extraction was observed at 70 ℃. At that time the relative portion of carbohydrates in extracts was increased at high temperature extraction, combining dynamic and isothermal microwave heating. Water extraction of black alder bark in a microwave extractor revealed 25–50% lower specific energy consumption and 1.8–2.6 times higher productivity in comparison with the conventional extraction, that is beneficial in view of the upscale and practical application of this innovative biomass processing.
Guidelines for geoconservation in protected and conserved areas
Authors: Crofts Roger , Gordon John E. , Brilha José , Gray Murray , Gunn John , Larwood Jonathan , Santucci Vincent , Tormey Daniel , Worboys Graeme L.
Published: November 2020

These Guidelines are intended to help improve the conservation and management of geoheritage and geodiversity in protected and conserved areas and recognition of the interrelationships and interactions with biological features and processes. They are not a textbook on geoconservation management practice, but rather set out the essential background, context and principles; summarise relevant material to make it more readily accessible to users in one volume; and provide links to the key literature and additional sources that include detailed practical guidance. The use of best practice examples from around the world will hopefully give users renewed confidence in looking after geoheritage and in connecting geoconservation with biodiversity conservation.
Desarrollo del consenso de recomendaciones de Cuidados Paliativos durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Ecuador
Authors: Fernández Dávila Tatiana , Hidalgo Andrade Paula , Lozano Montesdeoca Katty Débora , Torres Toala Fausto Gady
Published: November 2020

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 provocó el trabajo multidisciplinario de diversas ramas de la salud para el beneficio de las instituciones, trabajadores sanitarios, pacientes y sus familias. Además, a nivel mundial se evidenció el trabajo conjunto de investigadores y prestadores de servicios a través de publicaciones, reflexiones y evidencias sobre los avances para frenar la pandemia.

Objetivos: Este artículo busca presentar el trabajo realizado por la Asociación Ecuatoriana de Cuidados Paliativos (ASECUP) como aporte al Comité de Operaciones de Emergencia y al Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador para la elaboración de una guía de recomendaciones de Cuidados Paliativos en la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 a través de un consenso multidisciplinario basado en evidencia.

Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un consenso utilizando el método Delphi, con un panel de expertos amplio. Se requirieron dos rondas consecutivas sobre una encuesta estructurada, construida y ejecutada en una plataforma online.

Resultados y conclusiones: Se plantearon 11 tópicos y 19 preguntas PICO. Los criterios para finalización de ronda fueron:  mediana ≥ 7 o ≤ 3 y RIQ ≤ 0,40 y Desviación Intercuartílica menor de 0,5. Se obtuvieron dichos criterios en todas las preguntas planteadas. El documento de recomendaciones fue publicado en la página web del Ministerio de Salud.
Constituency, Imbrication, and the Interpretation of Change-of-State Verbs in isiNdebele
Authors: Crane Thera , Fanego Axel
Published: November 2020

This paper describes the interplay of lexical and grammatical aspect with other grammatical phenomena in the interpretation of the aspectual suffix ‑ile (which we analyse as Perfective) in isiNdebele, a Nguni Bantu language spoken in South Africa. Crucial other phenomena include constituency-related factors such as the conjoint-disjoint distinction and (related) penultimate lengthening, along with morphophonological conditions that trigger different forms of ‑ile. These factors appear to interact differently in isiNdebele than they do in closely related Zulu, suggesting two different paths of grammaticalization, which we argue can change the interpretation of markers of grammatical aspect as they interact with lexical aspectual classes.
Actionality, Aspect, Tense, and Counterfactuality in Kuban Kabardian
Authors: Arkadiev Peter M.
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the fieldwork data on the interaction of actionality, aspect, and tense in counterfactual conditional clauses of the Kuban dialect of Kabardian, a polysynthetic Northwest Caucasian language. Kabardian shows non-trivial similarities to Romance languages in its use of the Imperfective Past suffix as a marker of counterfactuality — alone or as a part of the complex marker of the Pluperfect marker where the Imperfect attaches to the Preterite (perfective past). I show that the choice between several types of marking in counterfactual protases (the plain Imperfect, the Pluperfect, and the simple Preterite) primarily depends on actional class and viewpoint aspect: perfective counterfactuals employ either the Pluperfect or the Preterite, while imperfective counterfactuals require the Imperfect, which is in line with the more general distribution of these tense-aspect forms. Theoretical implications of the tense-aspect marking in Kuban Kabardian counterfactual conditionals are also briefly discussed.
The Subjunctive Mood in Giryama and Tanzanian Nyanja
Authors: Ngowa Nancy Jumwa , Ngonyani Deo S.
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a study of the Subjunctive in the Bantu languages of Giryama in Kenya (E72a) and Nyanja in Tanzania (N201), and explores its distribution in the two languages. As in other Bantu languages, the Subjunctive is a morphological feature characterized by a verbal suffix -e, an obligatory subject marker, and the absence of tense. Syntactically, the Subjunctive appears in independent clauses, as well as dependent clauses with a certain class of predicates and adverbial subordinators. Independent clauses that may carry the Subjunctive are those that express exhortations or suggestions, and sentences marked with the future tense. Dependent clauses with Subjunctive verbs include: (a) complement clauses containing directive, volitional, and causative verbs, and (b) adverbial clauses such as clauses of purpose. Studies of the subjunctive have often associated its semantic distribution with irrealis, in contrast with the Indicative, which is associated with realis or assertion. We present evidence showing that the irrealis reading may sometimes appear to be absent. We argue that irrealis may not be a necessary and sufficient condition for the Subjunctive. However, the onstructions that give irrealis readings provide the best exemplars of Subjunctives in these two languages. Independent clause Subjunctives are shown to be clearly non-factive. Matrix verbs that take subjunctive complements are described as presupposition triggers of events that are non-factive relative to the matrix event.
Introduction
Authors: Petzell Malin , Bar-el Leora , Aunio Lotta
Published: November 2020

Introduction to "The semantics of verbal morphology in under-described languages"
INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING OF DISASTER-RESILIENT VILLAGE IN GARUT REGENCY
Authors: Buchari Rd. Ahmad , Darmawan Ivan , Ramdhan Kurnia Muhamad
Published: November 2020

Disaster may occur anytime and anywhere, and is generally unpredictable. Therefore, the most important to do is disaster management to minimize any harmful impacts of disaster. To be more effective and efficient, it needs to involve all related parties. In regions, the relationship between village institutions is of high importance in disaster mitigation. This is because it is village administration (government) that is in direct relationship with community, and that the latter is one directly impacted by disasters in regions. Thus, in the context of disaster mitigation, the relationship between village institutions should be strengthened. Accordingly, the problem studied in the present research was, how is the strengthening of institutional relationships of villages in Garut Regency?. The research method used was a qualitative method. The data collection techniques used were interview and observation. Interview was conducted with village officials and Destana volunteers. And observation was performed in the field on the activities conducted relating to disaster mitigation measures in the four villages which were the research objects, namely, Pasawahan, Rancabango, Mekarjaya, and Karyamekar.The research result revealed that the institutions in the four villages have been good enough but still need to be strengthened in the context of disaster management. The four villages were vulnerable to disasters and have had Destana instrument as a guard of disaster management at village level. In view of the research result, it is suggested that village officials improve their disaster management by, among others, conducting socialization on disaster risks, ways of lessening disaster occurrences, and ways of minimizing losses in case a disaster really occurs.
STRENGTHENING YOUNG GENERATION CHARACTERS IN THE DISRUPTION ERA THROUGH THE INTERNALIZATION OF WAYANG GOLEK VALUES
Authors: Azis Abdul , Komalasari Kokom , Masyitoh Iim Siti
Published: November 2020

As a adiluhung (valuable art), Wayang Golek performances can contribute to the strengthening of the character of the young generation in facing various challenges in the era of disruption. This is very important, considering that in the era of disruption such as the current challenge for the younger generation in facing the industrial era 4.0 is the loss of character as an Indonesian nation. This study aims to reveal the contribution of Wayang Golek performances values to the strengthening of the character of the younger generation in the era of disruption. The research approach used is qualitative with ethnographic methods, so that it can describe the character values contained in the Wayang Golek performances that are relevant to the character of the Indonesian nation. The results showed that the values of the Wayang Golek performances could contribute to the strengthening of the character of the younger generation. This is because the puppet show is aesthetically designed as an art performance that contains elements of the spectacle as well as guidance. This means, in addition to entertaining through humorous jokes, the Wayang Golek performance is able to give a moral message to the audience about the importance of religious values and nationalism in the face of changing times.
ANALYSIS OF EQUALITY IN SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND EDUCATION IN ENGGELAM VILLAGE MUARA WIS , DISTRICT OF KUTAIKARTANEGARA
Authors: Hubaib Futum
Published: November 2020

The background of this research is to look at and examine conditions, the community population around and in several  Enggelam villages  visited by the author, with a considerable amount of, social ,economic and education status of our society which is still below the welfare standard. The purpose of this research is to examine the causes and how solutions must be taken by the government, or the community itself, so that they can live in harmony with other communities whose lives, education in accordance with living standards. In this study the authors used a qualitative perspective method approach with a case study model, because the authors considered the qualitative method in accordance with the research conducted by the author. When this study was conducted the author examined 10 people as participants, to be informants in taking research data, and the time of the study conducted by the author was around 14 weeks. The results of this study the authors have found five indicators that must be used as a standard, to implement equality in education, social status and economy in society. Indicators that the authors the consider  (novelty) in the findings of this study .
CADRES OF THE INTEGRATED HEALTH POST FOR ELDERLY AND THEIR SATISFACTION: HERZBERG THEORY APPROACH
Authors: Ramadhania Nabila , Gondodiputro Sharon , Wijaya Merry , Didah Didah , Mandiri Ariyati
Published: November 2020

Integrated health post (posbindu) is a place for the elderly to obtain various health services to improve their quality of life.  The satisfaction of the health care volunteers (cadres) has an important role in the success of the posbindu. The higher the cadre’s satisfaction, the higher the performance in managing the posbindu. According to Herzberg, two factors that contributed to the work satisfaction, namely motivator factor and hygiene factor. Identifying these factors is important, so that cadres can remain active and satisfy in doing their work in the posbindu. The purpose of this study was to explore the components of cadres’ satisfaction in providing health services in the posbindu based on Herzberg’s factors A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted on 12 active and 6 inactive cadres in 16 posbindu, Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. A purposive sampling was performed to select the posbindu and the cadres. Data collection was carried out by an in-depth interview to explore the work satisfaction factors based on the concept of the Herzberg theory. Triangulation was based on the result of active and inactive cadres interviews, as well as observation of the activities during the posbindu. This study discovered practicing religious teachings and social relations as two new components that can influence satisfaction in the workplace.
STRATEGY COASTAL COMMUNITY PANGLIMA RAJA VILLAGE IN SUSTAINABILITY OF LIFE
Authors: Sidiq Rd Siti Sofro
Published: November 2020

In general, fishermen or communities in coastal areas are in a state of poverty, underdeveloped in the social and cultural fields, and the quality of human resources is low. This situation occurs because of low education and the lack of functioning of existing business groups. In addition, the fishing profession cannot guarantee the sustainability of daily income as a result of the availability of marine products and unpredictable weather changes. Another aspect that is also of concern is the management and utilization of coastal resources that are not yet optimal. This picture is not much different from the life of the coastal communities in Panglima Raja Village, both physically in the form of environmental degradation and which have an impact on social and economic aspects in the form of family, neighborhood or community problems, as well as other related resources. The research objectives were to 1) find out and study the social and demographic aspects of the coastal community in Panglima Raja Village, 2) to study the livelihood assets of the coastal community of Panglima Raja Village, 3) to study the livelihood strategies of the coastal community of Panglima Raja Village. The research method used is a descriptive case study where data is collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and literature review. The results showed that the social demographics of the Panglima Raja community were heterogeneous with the majority of productive age, lower income and low education level, the community had social, physical, financial, natural and human capital even in limited conditions, while the strategy was is found is a strategy of survival and consolidation without any accumulation strategy.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-BASED MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Aryani Rita , Siahaan Leroy Holman
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the role of information technology-based management education in vocational schools. The implementation of technology was conducted in several schools, covering managerial aspects as well as academic aspects. This research utilizes a qualitative approach and descriptive method. Data obtained through literature review and analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results show that technology-based management education is essential to provide information to support and facilitate the management and academic processes daily. Schools must invest in technology-based school systems to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of school management generally.