bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Implications of Algorithmic Decision-Making in Housing Finance: Examining the broader social impacts of deploying machine learning in lending decisions, including potential disparities and community effects
Authors: Pappil Kothandapani Hariharan
Published: February 2025

The integration of algorithmic decision-making in housing finance, particularly through the use of machine learning (ML) technologies, has revolutionized lending practices by enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and scalability. However, this shift also raises critical social implications that demand thorough examination. This article explores the broader societal impacts of deploying machine learning in housing finance, with a focus on potential disparities and effects on communities.
First, the paper highlights the transformative potential of algorithm-driven systems in automating risk assessments, credit evaluations, and loan approvals, reducing reliance on traditional manual processes. However, it also emphasizes how biases embedded in historical data and algorithmic designs can perpetuate systemic inequalities, disproportionately affecting marginalized groups. Through a detailed analysis, the discussion delves into key fairness concerns, including sample bias, proxy discrimination, and algorithmic opacity, which can result in discriminatory outcomes.
The study further examines the community-level effects, such as the reinforcement of socioeconomic divides and the exacerbation of housing inequalities, which may arise from biased lending decisions. It underscores the tension between the promise of inclusive financial systems and the risk of deepening disparities if ethical considerations and regulatory oversight are inadequate.
In addition to identifying these challenges, the paper proposes actionable strategies for promoting fairness, accountability, and transparency in ML-driven lending. By advocating for robust frameworks, stakeholder collaboration, and continuous monitoring, the article outlines a pathway toward leveraging algorithmic decision-making to achieve equitable outcomes in housing finance.
Ultimately, this article calls for a balanced approach that integrates technological innovation with ethical foresight, ensuring that the adoption of machine learning aligns with broader societal goals of fairness, inclusivity, and sustainability.
Impact of maternal body mass index on pregnancy outcomes among Indian women
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India, Gandhi Saloni , Chauhan Kishor ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute & Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India, Rajan Priyank ,   Department of Paediatric Haematology Oncology, Royal Bristol Hospital for Children, Bristol, United Kingdom, Wanjari Mayur ,   Department of Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (DMIHER), Sawangi, Maharashtra, India, Sangoi Labdhi ,   Department of Research, Government Medical College, Jalna, Maharashtra, India, Sangoi Ravi ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and General Hospital, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Maternal body mass index is a key factor that essentially regulates pregnancy outcome with respect to maternal and neonatal health. Maternal bodies, whether underweight or obese during pregnancy, can significantly increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the impact of maternal BMI on pregnancy outcomes and feto-maternal complications related to various BMI categories in a tertiary care setting. Hence, we recruited 250 pregnant women and divided them into five subgroups based on their BMI. We collected data on pregnancy complications, modes of delivery and maternal and neonatal outcomes. We performed tests of significance between categories of BMI and clinical outcomes. Percentage distribution by BMI: normal weight 49.2%, underweight 28.4%, overweight 15.6%, obese 6% and morbidly obese 0.8%. There was significant variability in higher BMI with incidences of caesarean section, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and NICU admissions. Anaemia rates were higher in underweight women, whereas pregnancy and childbirth-related complications like PPH and macrosomia were more pronounced in obese women. Severe extremes in BMI are associated with drastic adverse consequences, both for maternal and neonatal outcomes. Effective weight management is therefore key to achieving favourable pregnancy outcomes. Low BMI increases the risk of preterm birth and anaemia; high BMI raises the risk of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders. Key strategies include preconception counselling, tailored nutrition and physical activity.
Longitudinal assessment of cardio-respiratory fitness among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Guntur District, Mangala Giri, Andhra Pradesh 522503, India, Palia Sushmita , Reddy Mounish ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom, Honarius Shreya Seira ,   Resident Doctor (Cardiology) St. Johns Medical College, Bangalore, India, Jalakam Madhurika ,   SHO, ITU Department, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Hospital, Kent CT9 4AN East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, St Peters Road, Margate, England, Kothari Ruchi ,   Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, Wanjari Mayur ,   Department of Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (DMIHER), Sawangi, Maharashtra, India, Sangoi Labdhi ,   Department of Research, Government Medical College, Jalna, Maharashtra, Sangoi Ravi ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Baramati, India
Published: February 2025

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with many complications, including cardiovascular and autonomic dysfunctions. Cardiorespiratory fitness as estimated by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is a very powerful predictor of cardiovascular health. Therefore, it is of interest to measure the cardiorespiratory parameters in T2DM patients for diagnosing autonomic dysfunction and to follow the changes over time. Baseline and follow-up cardiorespiratory fitness parameters among patients of Central India suffering from T2DM and its effectiveness to lifestyle modifications for these parameters are done. This hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted on 600 patients between the age group of 30 and 65 years diagnosed with T2DM. Patients were recruited from the Sports Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra. Baseline measurements of VO2 max, HRV and other cardiorespiratory variables were taken with a motorized treadmill using Lab Chart. Then, lifestyle counselling was undertaken for the participants, and the same parameters were reassessed one year later. Statistical package SPSS version 23 was used during data analysis. After one year of interventions, the improvements at the end of one year include those of VO2 max and HRV. The mean VO2 max improved from 25.4 ą 5.2 to 30.1 ą 4.8 ml/kg/min while the probability was less than 0.001. The main indices of HRV showed improved autonomic balance along with enhanced parasympathetic activity. Combining lifestyle interventions with regular monitoring of cardiorespiratory fitness and HRV can, indeed significantly improve cardiovascular health in T2DM patients. This study calls for the inclusion of fitness assessments in everyday clinical care for diabetes.
Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus infections among pediatric Indian patients
Authors:   Clinical Fellow in Paediatric Haematology Oncology and BMT, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, United Kingdom, Rajan Priyank , Chaudhary Nayan ,   Department of Paediatrics, Bombay Hospital and Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India, Sanklecha Mukesh ,   Consultant Paediatrician, Bombay Hospital and Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India, Wanjari Mayur ,   Department of Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (DMIHER), Sawangi, Maharashtra, India, Sangoi Labdhi ,   Department of Research, Government Medical College, Jalna, Maharashtra, Sangoi Ravi ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and General Hospital, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infections in paediatric populations, ranging from mild skin infections to life-threatening systemic infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] has become increasingly prevalent, raising concerns regarding treatment and control measures. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the Staphylococcus aureus infections in hospitalized children and determine the colonization patterns and antibiotic sensitivity profiles at a tertiary care centre. A prospective observational study was conducted on 103 paediatric patients, categorized into S. aureus-infected and healthy controls. S. aureus isolates were obtained from clinical specimens, and colonization was assessed using nasal, axillary, throat, and inguinal swabs. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the MIC method. S. aureus infection was confirmed in 32 [31.06%] of the patients, with colonization observed in 71.87% of infected cases. Among the colonized sites, nasal and axillary regions were the most frequent. MRSA accounted for 46.8% of the infections, while MSSA made up 53.2%. MRSA isolates were more resistant to antibiotics compared to MSSA. Vancomycin, daptomycin, and teicoplanin showed 100% efficacy against both MRSA and MSSA. Colonization was significantly higher in infected patients compared to controls, indicating colonization as a risk factor for S. aureus infection. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns suggest that vancomycin and teicoplanin remain effective against MRSA, but increasing resistance underscores the need for careful antibiotic selection and preventive measures in paediatric care.
The clinical relevance of grip strength: A narrative exploration
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan, United Kingdom, Kanna Swati Tapaswi , Saxena Shivangi ,   Department of Medicine, Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital, India, Reji Reema ,   Department of Paediatrics, KM Cherian Institute of Medical Sciences, Kallissery, Chengannur, India, Jain Rishabh ,   Department of Internal Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, India, Kothari Ruchi ,   Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, Wanjari Mayur ,   Department of Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (DMIHER), Sawangi, Maharashtra, India, Sangoi Ravi , Jain Krisha ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Baramati, India
Published: February 2025

Hand grip strength (HGS) is a well-established measure of musculoskeletal function and integrity of the upper limb. Traditionally used in rehabilitation, its utility extends too many clinical conditions in primary care practice. Therefore, it is of interest to explore the diverse applications of HGS in medical practice. In osteoporosis, HGS predicts bone density and risk of fracture. In osteoarthritis, it serves as a benchmark for functional impairment. As a nutritional marker, HGS reflects malnutrition and predicts postoperative outcomes. In metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases, HGS relates to conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk. Further, additional values of HGS are in the oncology field in evaluating nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer. Its relevance in kidney diseases and conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome further supports its broad clinical utility. Particularly, it has highlighted the potential which HGS may possess as simple yet effective means for evaluating health and guiding interventions across diverse clinical scenarios.
Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome and its clinical heterogeneity: A case report
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and General Hospital, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Jain Krisha , Honarius Shreya Siera ,   St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India, Reji Reema ,   Department of Paediatrics, KM Cherian Institute of Medical Sciences, Kallissery, Chengannur, India, Sangoi Ravi , Mutha Saurabh ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Government Medical College and General Hospital, Baramati, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Wanjari Mayur ,   Department of Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (DMIHER), Sawangi, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

This case report presents a 6-year-old female with Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome, highlighting its astounding clinical presentations and the challenges in its diagnosis and management. Although the disease is rare, Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome can have a devastating and serious impact in young boys and girls by affecting their hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The enhancement in the medical knowledge has shown promising results in the complete treatment of the condition and superior diagnostic accuracy with suitable and necessary interventions. Treatment of Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome remains solely through the hormone replacement therapy of thyroid, which usually leads to complete relief of symptoms. This case highlights the unusual clinical presentation of a young female patient with Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome, challenging the existing diagnostic profiles and highlighting the need for personalized assessment for the patient. Since the diagnosis of this syndrome is based on the USG, MRI, X-Ray findings, enhancement in these imagining techniques will lead to increased accuracy and reduced delay in its diagnosis. This case aims to enhance the understanding of Van Wyk-Grumbach Syndrome, its medical heterogeneity and the need to advance its diagnostic and interventional prospects.
Biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties of titanium and Zirconium-infused denture base resins
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics & Crown and Bridge, Purvanchal Institute of Dental Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Vivek Rajul , Aneja Sarita ,   Department of Dentistry, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Mahant Indiresh Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, Rathi Sneha Amit ,   Department of Prosthodontics & Crown and Bridge, Dr HSRSM Dental College, Hingoli, Maharashtra, India, Kumari Abha ,   Department of Pharmacology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, Chansoriya Harsh ,   Department of Prosthodontics & Crown and Bridge, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Chansoriya Shivakshi ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: February 2025

Titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) have gained attention for their promising properties in medical and dental applications, including their biocompatibility and antimicrobial effects. Denture base resins primarily made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), often face issues such as microbial adhesion and limited bioactivity. Incorporating Ti and Zr into these resins could enhance their biological properties. This study investigates the biocompatibility and antimicrobial efficacy of Ti- and Zr-infused denture base resins compared to conventional PMMA resins. Three groups of denture base resins were prepared: Group A (PMMA control), Group B (PMMA + 5 wt% Ti), and Group C (PMMA + 5 wt% Zr). Biocompatibility was assessed by culturing human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on resin samples and performing an MTT assay to evaluate cell viability over 72 hours. Antimicrobial properties were tested against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans using a colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with a significance level of p < 0.05. Group B (Ti-infused) exhibited a 25% increase in cell viability compared to the control group, with cell viability reaching 85% after 72 hours. Group C (Zr-infused) showed a 15% increase in cell viability. Both Ti and Zr groups demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity. Group B showed a 60% reduction in S. mutans CFU and a 45% reduction in C. albicans CFU, while Group C showed a 40% reduction in S. mutans and a 30% reduction in C. albicans. Ti- and Zr- infused denture base resins demonstrate improved biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties compared to conventional PMMA. Titanium, in particular, provides superior biological outcomes, suggesting its potential for enhancing denture base materials. These findings support the incorporation of Ti and Zr in future dental materials to improve patient outcomes.
Knowledge on clinical assessment methods for using phonetics in removable prostheses among dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Sara Tarek , Abdulrahman Jomana , Mansour Arwa , Abdulrazek Sara , Fahad Alanoud ,   Intern, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Albesher Khalid Abdulaziz ,   Consultant Prosthodontist, Dental Department, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: February 2025

Phonetics is a crucial part of prostheses fabrication and it plays an important role in personal and social development. This underscores the importance of understanding how various factors, including dental interventions, can influence speech quality and intelligibility. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the knowledge and clinical assessment techniques of dental students, interns, and dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to ensure their ability to deliver dental prostheses that allow clear speech. A survey questionnaire was sent to 1300 dental students and clinicians, with a response rate of 93.3% from 1213 responses collected. The questionnaire included twenty questions to assess general knowledge about phonetics in the construction of removable dentures and clinical techniques used in evaluating speech with trial dentures. The majority of participants were 5th-year dental students, followed by dental interns, general dentists, postgraduate residents, and specialists. Half of the participants, 51% of the participants, had less than one year of experience. The study found that dentists with more than five years of clinical experience have better knowledge of clinical assessment methods used to evaluate phonetics. The lowest scores were submitted by 5th-year dental students. Dentists who had the most clinical experience of 5 years or more had better knowledge and clinical assessment skills, while other dentists had the knowledge but lacked the experience. Despite phonetics being taught in dental curricula, students are unable to connect this knowledge to clinical settings. For this reason, a checklist will be made available and shared among various institutions to facilitate clinical application, improve the standard of dental prostheses provided to patients and raise patient satisfaction and quality of life.
Effect of oral mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol for early abortion among Indian women
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad 415110, Maharashtra, India, Ashok Bolde Aishwarya , Patange Rajkumar P , Patil Supriya ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad 415110, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Both surgical and medicinal alternatives are accepted in practice, but their clinical effectiveness, costs, and patient experiences differ, making it difficult to determine which technique is preferable. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the oral and surgical procedure for mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol in early abortion. 150 patients were divided equally for 2 different treatment i.e. surgical & oral and were evaluated on the basis of questionnaire, clinically and lab investigations. We found that, post-operative outcome for women in both the groups showed non- significant difference among them as almost the same good result is been obtained from either method. Therefore any of the above methods can be used to treat the patients according to our study results but to validate it furthermore longitudinal studies are encouraged.
Evaluation of perinatal outcome for growth restricted fetuses
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad - 415110, Maharashtra, India, Hajare Neha , Patil Anjali , Patil Sanjaykumar ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad - 415110, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Studies have demonstrated the usefulness of Doppler (DP) abnormalities (AB-N) in predicting abnormal perinatal outcomes (APNO). Therefore, the objective was to assess PNO using the FGR and GA time of delivery. We conducted a comprehensive review of prenatal history and past events on 94 cases, using EFW to make the FGR diagnosis. We found significant relationships between the middle cerebral artery (MCA) umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI) ratio, the MCA and systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, the UA and PI ratio and the UA ratio. Therefore, this research stresses the need for prompt treatments to improve PNO and underscores the need for DP monitoring in growth restricted (GR) pregnancy (PG) management.
Evaluation of risk factor profiles for acute coronary syndrome among Indian adults
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad - 415110, Maharashtra, India, Patil Krishna Bhagwan , Patil Dilip ,   Department of General medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad - 415539, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to a group of conditions that include ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina. Therefore, it is of interest to assess the risk factor (R/F) of ACS. 67 patients underwent investigation with the help of history and clinical examination test like electrocardiogram (ECG), blood sugar and lipid level. Data shows R/F was seen more for males than females with 30-40 years of age range. Thus, we conclude that, multiple complications like chest pain (CP), palpitation (PP), sweating (SW), vomiting (VM) and giddiness (GD) should not be overlooked.
C-reactive protien levels among Indian patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors:   Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India, Billa Nityanand , More Anjali , Deokar Vasant ,   Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India
Published: February 2025

Studies have shown that stroke (ST), a grave neurological condition (NL-CD), delineates a clinical syndrome characterized by the abrupt onset of focal or global cerebral function disturbances (G-CB-FN-DTB), persisting for more than 24 hours or resulting in death, primarily attributed to a vascular origin. Therefore, it is interest to elucidate the relationship between plasma CRP levels and acute ischemic stroke (A-IS-ST), analyzing their dynamic interplay concerning ST incidence (ICD), severity (SV) and outcomes (OT). 50 patients were involved to assess C-reactive protien (CRP) level for ST estimated myocardial infarction (STEMI). We found that, significant difference in below and above levels of CRP level in STEMI patients. Thus, incorporating CRP level assessments into routine diagnostic test is important for the evaluation of ST.
Assessment of alveolar bone loss in diabetic patients with class II composite resin restorations
Authors:   Department of Preventive Dental Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia, Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Abdo Mohammed
Published: February 2025

This study evaluated the impact of Class II composite resin restorations on alveolar bone loss in diabetic patients by comparing those with restorations to a control group without such treatments at the Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Saudi Arabia. A total of 64 diabetic patients were divided into two groups: control group G1 (n=32) with no composite resin restorations and test group G2 (n=32) with composite resin restorations. Metrics assessed included plaque index (P.I), gingival index (G.I), HbA1c levels, and alveolar bone loss percentage. Results showed that test group G2 had higher mean values for P.I (2.73 vs. 2.51), G.I (2.53 vs. 2.22), and alveolar bone loss (48.28% vs. 44.16%) compared to control group G1. HbA1c levels were slightly lower in G2 but not significantly different. Significant differences were found in P.I, G.I, and alveolar bone loss between the groups (p-values: 2.767e-06, 2.895e-13, and 3.585e-08, respectively). Diabetic patients with composite resin restorations exhibited poorer oral hygiene, greater gingival inflammation, and increased alveolar bone loss. Enhanced preventive care and monitoring are recommended for these patients. However, clinically, this highlights the importance of careful material selection, enhanced periodontal monitoring, and tailored preventive care to prevent further bone loss and maintain oral health in diabetic patients.
A review on periodontal care: Challenges among geriatric and pediatric patients
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil nadu, India, Pragya G. , Logaranjani K. Anitha , Prashanthi P. , Vijayalakshmi R. , Mahendra Jaideep ,   Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil nadu, India
Published: February 2025

Periodontal care for geriatric and pediatric patients poses distinct challenges due to age-specific factors. In elderly patients, systemic conditions, medications, and reduced dexterity complicate treatment. Pediatric patients face unique issues related to developing dentition and behaviour management. This review reports these challenges and offers strategies for effective, tailored periodontal care. Emphasizing patient-centered approaches improves outcomes for both populations.
Oral hygiene with age: A comprehensive study
Authors:   Department of Dental Surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, Kondkari Saba Anwar , Deshpande Sneha Masne ,   Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, Nimmagadda Haritha ,   Department of Medical Anatomy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India, Shetty Uttam ,   Department of Prosthodontics, Crown & Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College, Navi Mumbai, India, Mistry Laresh ,   Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College, Navi Mumbai, India, Mhaske Prasad ,   Department of Prosthodontics, Crown & Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College, Navi Mumbai, India, Kavle Pratibha ,   Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India
Published: February 2025

Dental health plays an important role in the overall well-being of children, their quality of life and performance at school. Majority of the children in India and other developing and underdeveloped nations are ignorant to the fact that oral health is considered as an important factor in overall health. The aim of this study was to conduct a survey to investigate the oral hygiene practices and differences among different age groups of School students in an associated school in Navi Mumbai. This cross-sectional study was carried out among students of ages 8 to 16 years, using a questionnaire that assessed their oral hygiene. A good oral hygiene practice was shown by maximum participants of middle age group.
Enhancing osseointegration in dental implants with topical platelet - rich fibrin
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Ahmed Amer Mohammed Minhaj , Sharma Amit Kumar ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, Azad Mahendra ,   Honoary Clinical Director, Clove Dental, India, Sharma Nisha ,   Department of Neuro Anesthesiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Published: February 2025

The impact of platelet-rich fibrin as a topical application on osseointegration in dental implants is of interest. Hence, a medical questionnaire was used to gather information during the initial interview, including details about past and current medical conditions, temporary and chronic medications, smoking habits, and any special dietary restrictions. To assess primary stability, RFA values were recorded on the day of implant placement using the Ostell instrument. A highly significant difference was observed between RFA1 and RFA2 in the buccolingual direction (p ≤ 0.05). The topical application of PRF on implants led to a significant improvement in osseointegration around dental implants compared to conventionally placed implants.
In vivo analysis of puerarin from Pueraria tuberosa as a promising galactagogue
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India, Giri Kiran R. , Palandurkar Kamlesh M ,   Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India, Agrawal Udit ,   Department of Biochemistry, Nandkumar Singh Chouhan Government Medical College, Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, India, Prakash Ved , Singh Amit , Trigunayat Anshuman ,   Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences , Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: February 2025

Breastfeeding is crucial for maternal and infant health, yet global rates vary, with India having the highest at 43.2% and the lowest at 35.8%.To evaluate the galactagogue properties of Pueraria tuberosa in a female rat model, assess its safety through acute toxicity studies, and examine its impact on hormone regulation. Secondary objectives included analyzing its effect on serum prolactin levels and conducting molecular docking and GC-MS analyses. Ethical approval was obtained (Letter No. Dean/2019/IEAC/1614). Charles Foster rats were housed under standard conditions and divided into four groups: vehicle, Pueraria tuberosa extracts, 15 mg/kg/day of Puerarin in DMSO and saline, and from day three today fifteen of parturition, 2.7 mg/kg of domperidone. Weekly body weights and milk yield were recorded. Serum prolactin levels were measured using the Rat Prolactin ELISA Kit. GC-MS analysis identified Pueraria tuberosa extract constituents. Imaging with the Vevo LAZR System evaluated breast areas, and molecular docking studies targeted the 5-HT2AR and D2 receptors. Significant differences in milk yield were observed between the 3rd and 14th days across treatment groups, with Puerarin and domperidone significantly increasing serum prolactin levels. Imaging indicated increased breast blood flow in Puerarin-treated rats, suggesting enhanced lactation. Molecular docking showed high affinity of Puerarin for D2 and 5HT2A receptors, indicating potential hormonal regulation mechanisms. This research provides a comprehensive preclinical evaluation of Puerarin's efficacy and safety as a galactagogue, addressing gaps in understanding herbal lactation aids and laying the foundation for future clinical trials and comparisons with established galactagogue
Unraveling the amygdala: A review of its anatomy and functions
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj, Gujarat, India, Ganesh KSV Angu Bala , Panda Payal ,   Department of Anatomy, C.U.Shah Medical College & Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India, Makwana Amit H ,   Department of Physiology, C.U.Shah Medical College & Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India, Gopalakrishna Prarthana Kalerammana ,   Physiology discipline, Human Biology division, School of Medicine, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Rani Kandula Prameela ,   Department of Microbiology, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia, Vishnumukkala Thirupathirao ,   Anatomy discipline, Human Biology Division, School of Medicine, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: February 2025

The amygdala is a complex cellular structure situated centrally in the brain, adjacent to the hippocampus. It is an integral part of the limbic system and is essential for the processing of emotional reactions. The amygdala possesses extensive connections to multiple brain regions, enabling it to acquire sensory information and affect responses. The amygdaloid complex has over ten nuclei located in the mid-temporal lobe. It is quite likely that the primary root of certain anxiety disorders in humans, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, is a dysfunction in the processing of information associated with fear. This article analyzes the anatomical and physiological foundations suggested to support amygdala function.
Effect of ultrasonic activation on four different sealers for intra-tubular penetration to root dentin
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PDM Faculty of Dental Sciences and research institute, PDM University, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India, Nikhil Bhardwaj , Rajnish Jain K , Ambica Khetarpal ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PDM Faculty of Dental Sciences and research institute, PDM University, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India, Shally Suri ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PDM Faculty of Dental Sciences and research institute, PDM University, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India, Rachita Arora ,   Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Baba Jaswant Dental College, Hospital and Research Institute, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Avishek Singh ,   Department of Public Health Dentistry, NIMS Dental College and Hospital Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to assess how endodontic sealers' ultrasonic activation (UA) affected dentin tubule penetration. The sample size came out to be 48 i.e. 12 samples in each group (four groups based on four sealers) which were further subdivided into 3 subgroups (4 samples in each subgroup). It was found that ultrasonic activation greatly enhances sealer penetration. Further research is warranted to compare the effect of ultrasonic activation (UA) of four different sealers on dentin tubule penetration.
Biopsychosocial needs of leukemic children – A systematic review
Authors:   Research Scholar, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research(DU), Chennai & Department of Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai , India, Kasinathan Kannan , Rajkumar Rajamanickam ,   Department of Community Medicine, Meenakshi Medical College & Research Institute & MAHER (DU), Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India, Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam ,   Department of Paediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, The TN MGR Medical University, Chennai, India, Anbalagan Marudan ,   Research Scholar, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research(DU), Chennai & Department of Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai , India, Ramasamy Revathi , Ramu Bama ,   Research Scholar, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER) (DU), Chennai & Nurse Practitioner Midwifery Educator, College of Nursing, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
Published: February 2025

Leukaemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML), is the second leading cause of death among children aged 0-14, with survival rates of 80-90% achieved through improved treatment. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in early detection, as most cases are identified through non-standardized methods, highlighting the need for better adherence to guidelines for early recognition. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines explored the biopsychosocial needs of children with leukaemia, focusing on mental health, emotional well-being and quality of life. The review identified significant gaps in post-treatment care, emphasized the importance of parent education, and underscored the necessity for comprehensive approaches to address psychosocial and emotional challenges. Tailored interventions that address medical, emotional and social needs are crucial to improving symptom control and quality of life. In contrast, further research is needed to standardise assessment methods for pediatric leukaemia patients.
Analysis of protein interaction network in obesity linked with periodontitis
Authors:   Department of periodontology and implantology, Sree balaji Dental College and Hospital, Biher university, Chennai, India, Ramya Vinayagam , Julius Amaldas ,   Department of biochemistry, Sree balaji Dental College and Hospital, Biher university, Chennai, India, Bhuvaneswarri Jagadeesan , Preethi Padmanaban , Nilofer Farjana , Angelin Fiona ,   Department of periodontology and implantology, Sree balaji Dental College and Hospital, Biher university, Chennai, India
Published: February 2025

This study explores the clinical link between obesity and periodontitis by investigating the potential interaction among proteins. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis using STRING was conducted on novel proteins identified from saliva samples through quantitative proteomics and mass spectrometry. Twenty proteins were involved in molecular process, cellular components and biological functions focusing on proteins with variants closely associated with obesity and periodontitis. Analysis revealed that PPI network exhibited a high degree of interactions, indicating a biological connection with a significant p value 4.8*105. These PPIs discuss the interplay between obesity and periodontitis, require further experimental validation, unravel new clues for downstream studies, and propose biological mechanisms through which these two conditions may interact.
Evaluation of zirconia and titanium abutments on peri-implant tissues: A comparative study
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Awadh Dental College and Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India, Kumar Swatantra , Singha Alakesh ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Private Practitioner at Alaka’s Odontocare Dental Clinic & Endodontic Centre, Agartala , Tripura, India, Dhingra Jatin ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India, Verma Gaurav ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Sachin Dev ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Kumar Amit ,   Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
Published: February 2025

The comparative effect of zirconia and titanium abutments on peri-implant hard and soft tissues is of interest to dentists. Hence, a total of 40 patients with single-tooth implants in the posterior region were selected and divided into two groups: zirconia abutments (Group A, n=20) and titanium abutments (Group B, n=20). Clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL), were evaluated at baseline, 3 months and 6 months post-implant placement. Radiographic analysis was used to measure changes in marginal bone levels. Zirconia abutments showed a more favourable outcome on peri-implant soft tissue health and marginal bone preservation than titanium abutments. Zirconia abutments further show reduced inflammation and bone resorption around dental implants.
Rôle des croyances (mindsets) relatives à la participation aux Activités de la vie quotidienne sur l’engagement de patients inclus dans un programme de réadaptation en ergothérapie : une étude exploratoire
Authors: Léger Simon , Mandigout Stéphane , Bernache-Assollant Iouri
Published: February 2025

Contexte. Cette étude exploratoire a été menée dans un centre de rééducation et de réadaptation fonctionnelle pour examiner l’impact des croyances des patients sur leur participation aux activités de la vie quotidienne (AVQ) et leur engagement dans la gestion de leur santé.
Objectif. L’objectif principal était d’étudier les liens entre les croyances des patients (mindsets fixistes ou améliorables) et leur sentiment d’auto-efficacité, ainsi que leur impact sur l’engagement dans les AVQ et les intentions de changement comportemental en matière de santé.
Matériel et Méthodes. Un échantillon de 29 patients (âge moyen = 55 ans, 14 hommes, 15 femmes) souffrant de diverses pathologies et participant à un programme de réadaptation a été recruté. Les participants ont rempli des questionnaires adaptés aux AVQ, mesurant leurs croyances, leur sentiment d’auto-efficacité, et leur engagement en matière de santé.
Résultats. Les résultats montrent une corrélation positive entre un mindset améliorable, le sentiment d’auto-efficacité, la fréquence des changements passés, les intentions de changement futur, et l’engagement dans la gestion de la santé. L’analyse révèle également que le sentiment d’auto-efficacité joue un rôle médiateur entre les croyances des patients et leur engagement dans la gestion de leur santé. De plus, les femmes et les patients atteints de maladies musculosquelettiques présentaient un mindset plus améliorable.
Conclusion. Cette étude suggère que les croyances des patients sur leur participation aux AVQ influencent leur engagement en matière de santé. Ces résultats ouvrent des perspectives pour améliorer la prise en charge en réadaptation, en s’appuyant sur l’adaptation des croyances et le renforcement du sentiment d’auto-efficacité des patients.
Green Supply Chain Management Practices and The Performance of Alcoholic Beverages Companies in Kenya.
Authors: Kirui Mercy Chepkemoi , Muli Samuel
Published: February 2025

Today’s business environment is characterized by increasing uncertainties. GSCM has emerged as an important new approach for enterprises to achieve profit and market share objectives by reducing environmental risk and impact. Now, more than ever, the world population is aware of the negative effects caused by environmental degradation. Key environmental concerns are dumping of hazardous wastes, the depletion of the ozone layer, and global warming. The primary goal of this study was to determine the influence of green supply chain practices on the performance of alcoholic beverages companies in Kenya. This research was based on the following objectives: green sourcing, eco-design, reverse logistics and waste stream management on the performance of alcoholic beverages companies in Kenya. The Resource-based view theory, theory of planned behavior, contingency management theory, waste management theory and supply chain operations reference model were studied and used as its theoretical foundations. The study employed a cross-sectional survey approach and mainly concentrated on the top five performing alcoholic beverages companies in Kenya namely East Africa Breweries Limited, Keroche Breweries, Kenya Wine Agencies, UDV Kenya Limited and London distillers limited. In order to meet the research objectives, the respondents were chosen at random from the highest level of management, the middle level of management, and the operational level of management. The head of department, head of subsection, and two clerks/assistants in each of these departments: production, procurement, logistics, and warehousing were employed as a unit of analysis across the five firms.The primary data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that had both open and closed ended questions, designed to obtain definite responses. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 28) was used to analyze the data and present the variables through coding and summarizing the responses of all the respondents and the analyzed data was presented in form of tables. The study findings showed that green supply chain management practices namely green sourcing, eco-design, reverse logistics and waste stream management significantly influence the performance of alcoholic beverage companies in Kenya. The study concluded that performance was predicted to improve for every unit increase in these practices. The study further recommends that alcoholic beverage firms should prioritize suppliers that provide sustainable, and biodegradable materials. Some recommendations include through supplier evaluation and selection, collaboration and communication, transparency, consistency, and traceability. This will ensure improved green supply chain management and improve performance of alcoholic beverage companies.
Efforts to Encourage Sustainable Performance of Corruption Eradication Commission Employees Through Training Programmes
Authors: Koto Mita , Zainal Veithzal Rivai , Hakim Azis
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine and analyse the efforts made by the Corruption Eradication Commission to support the sustainable performance of its employees through employee development programs that are in accordance with job competency standards and career development plans. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. Primary data sources were obtained from research results in the form of manuscripts, field notes, memos, and other supporting documents. The results of the research show that although the Corruption Eradication Commission has only been a state institution in the executive power family under the president for approximately 3 (three) years and the Corruption Eradication Commission employees have changed their status to become state civil apparatus (ASN), the Corruption Eradication Commission has been able to adjust its human resource development policies implemented through formal learning programmes such as formal training and education and through non-formal learning in accordance with statutory provisions governing competency development for State Civil Apparatus which include technical competence, functional competence, managerial competence, and socio-cultural competence. It is expected that the competency development policy at the Corruption Eradication Commission is not only aimed at increasing professionalism but also maintaining and improving the integrity of its human resources which is the hallmark of the institution.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Program Kota Tanpa Kumuh (KOTAKU) di Kabupaten Pandeglang
Authors: Sanjaya Natta , Widyantoro Sigid , Nurika Akhni Ghaziah , Kurnia Dewi Winda , Qurrota A'yun Soffie
Published: February 2025

Pandeglang Regency has 201,16 hectares of slum areas spread across 37 locations in 13 sub-districts. The Kota Tanpa Kumuh (KOTAKU) program in Pandeglang Regency still has several problems in its implementation, namely the lack of active community involvement, the location of the program target is not evenly distributed, the program is not oriented to the poor community at large, the mismatch of the program rolled out with the conditions needed by the community, the utilization and maintenance of program results are not carried out optimally. The purpose of this research is to find out what are the social and economic impacts of the KOTAKU program in Pandeglang Regency. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results showed that the social impact of the KOTAKU program is to increase active participation and awareness in the community to work together to implement development, improve the quality of life and health of the community, and a sense of ownership of the infrastructure built together. The economic impact of the KOTAKU program is an increase in community welfare and income, job creation, increased work and economic mobility of residents, and efficiency of household living needs.