bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protección a la mujer en el sistema universal, principales instrumentos jurídicos
Authors: Machado-López Libertad , Cedeño-Floril Mariuxi Paola , González-Romero Juan Carlos , Toasa-Prado Meiling Nayelly
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los principales Instrumentos Internacionales que forman parte del Sistema Universal de Derechos Humanos, como eje de protección de los derechos de las mujeres en el Estado ecuatoriano. La metodología utilizada fue la explicativa y descriptiva, así como la analítica sintética permitiendo analizar temas como la violencia de género, el contexto histórico del surgimiento de los derechos de las mujeres, la participación del Sistema Universal de Derechos Humanos y los Instrumentos suscritos por Ecuador; de igual manera, el deductivo, y el exegético jurídico en vinculación con la hermenéutica, interpretando convenios, declaraciones, pactos y normas. Se concluyó que los actos violatorios contra las mujeres siguen persistiendo a pesar de existir derechos que las protegen, debido a ideologías patriarcales, a estereotipos y discriminaciones, que en muchos casos son generados en el ambiente laboral, educacional, social y familiar por el simple hecho de que las mujeres no deben realizar acciones fuera de las esferas de lo supuestamente natural.

Palabras clave:

Actos violatorios, derechos de la mujer, discriminación, estereotipos, violencia.

 

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research was to analyze the main International Instruments that are part of the Universal System of Human Rights, as the axis of protection of women's rights in the Ecuadorian State. The methodology used was explanatory and descriptive, as well as synthetic analytical, allowing the analysis of issues such as gender violence, the historical context of the emergence of women's rights, the participation of the Universal System of Human Rights and the instruments signed by Ecuador; likewise, the deductive and legal exegetic in connection with hermeneutics, interpreting conventions, declarations, covenants and norms. It was concluded that violations against women continue to persist despite the existence of rights that protect them, due to patriarchal ideologies, stereotypes and discrimination, which in many cases are generated in the work, educational, social and family environment by the simple fact that women should not perform actions outside the spheres of what is supposedly natural.

Keywords:

Violating acts, women's rights, discrimination, stereotypes, violence.
Quarantine pathogens of apple
Authors: Trkulja Vojislav
Published: December 2022

A major threat to the successful growing of tomatoes and peppers can be the occurrence, introduction or spread of a large number of different quarantine pathogens, which is why the strict application of internationally accepted phytosanitary precautionary and control measures is irreplaceable in preventing the introduction or spread of quarantine harmful organisms. These pathogens are one of the main threats for the worldwide production of apple, as well as for the domestic one. In accordance with the current legal regulations, this paper presents an overview of the 12 quarantine pathogens of apple, whereby specific full names and synonyms of quarantine pathogens, their distribution, hosts, symptoms, biology and method of transmission and distribution are given, with special emphasis on measures for their suppression.
The role of development of high-performance teams in modern organizational structures
Authors: Kolarić Borislav
Published: December 2022

Rapid social, technological, and informational changes impose on organizations to adapt to modern business concepts. Many organizations resort to team structure as the optimal choice for the effective realization of organizational goals. Teamwork is very important for competition in today's global arena, where the level of collective knowledge and harmony are more desirable than individual performance. In the era of great turbulence in the market and organizational survival, the consideration of teamwork shifts its focus to the study and analysis related to the formation of high-performance work teams, as an upgrade of the previous team structure and functionality. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of individuals, the partial contribution of members within the team environment, how they complement each other, setting clear goals and teaching team members how to function more efficiently, is a whole relevant to effectively building a highly productive team. The purpose of this paper is to, through insight and consultation of current literature of relevant authors, determine the importance of creating highly productive teams as a predictor of business success of an organization.
Organization of logistics and procurement chain and entrepreneurship in accordance with halal standard
Authors: Stošić-Mihajlović Ljiljana , Marković Jelena
Published: December 2022

The term transport chain includes the sum of all flows in which the transported goods are in motion, starting from the suppliers of raw materials, through intermediaries-wholesalers and retailers, all the way to the final consumers. The transport chain also includes numerous services that also contribute to increasing the value of the product. What will be the concrete structure of the transport chain, first of all, depends on the characteristics of the product itself, which is required by the final consumer, and which must be offered by the manufacturer. At the same time, the demands of consumers are based on the characteristics of their way of life and lifestyle, including the demands imposed by religious beliefs. These are specific requirements that, for example, are imposed on the Islamic faith through Sharia law. It strictly prescribes what is permissible for Islamic believers (permitted goods, services or behaviors) and is called halal. When we consider the Halal standard and its application in logistics, it means that all members of the supply chain in the Halal product system must comply with Sharia law. It specifically imposes the need for halal certification; specific hygienic and sanitary premises. At the same time, the procedures must be controlled by specially qualified persons and organizations, which are accepted by Islam.
Halal product markets
Authors: Marković Jelena , Stošić-Mihajlović Ljiljana
Published: December 2022

Halal products (halal food) are more present in the world, while the halal certificate is a ticket to the world market of halal food products. Halal market participants could never make a big profit because of the philosophy of nutrition itself, which is not based on material gain, but on meeting religious requirements. Slightly higher product prices are justified by additional funds invested in marketing in order for the product to be recognized in the global market as halal. The subject of research is the halal food market, as well as the financial market, then the markets of fashion, media, pharmacy and cosmetics. The main goal of the research is to study the size and importance of individual halal markets. Because, world leaders in food production, but also smaller producers and companies with great potential for further growth and development are competing to appear on the halal market.
Does application of naphthenic acids in early fruit development stage result in prolonged effect on cold storage and shelf life of apricot fruit?
Authors: Kevrešan Žarko , Milić Biserka , Bajić Aleksandra , Kovač Renata , Milović Maja , Kalajdžić Jelena , Barać Gordana
Published: December 2022

In this experiment, the effects of the application of naphthenic acids (NAs) on apricots in the early fruit development phases on fruit morphological properties, composition and postharvest properties were investigated. Two concentrations of NAs (1 mg/L and 3 mg/L) were applied at two development stages in the apricot cultivar NS-4. The application of NAs at the beginning of the petal fall development phase resulted in the reduction of fruit dimensions at harvest while the application 7 days later increased fruit dimensions. Although there were no significant differences in the most investigated characteristics between fruits treated with NAs and untreated control at harvest or in the postharvest period during 20 days of cold storage (1 ± 1 °C, RD 80%) and particularly after 3 days of shelf life at room temperature. However, compared to the untreated control, apricots treated with NAs were characterized by higher total soluble solids content accompanied by higher fructose content, and lower titratable acidity accompanied by higher succinic acid content. Apricots treated with NAs showed trends towards improved sensory properties: sweeter and less sour taste, with more expressed apricot aroma accompanied with decreased gumminess and crispiness and more intensive tissue breakdown, but without expressed notes of inappropriate taste.
Effect of well water on the mechanical properties of concrete with using two types of cement
Authors: Wadie Revan , Zidan Roua , Ahmed Tuqa
Published: December 2022

The effect of using different water resources and cement types on concrete strengths at late ages is investigated. Two types of cement including Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Sulfate Resisting Portland Cement (SRPC) were employed to prepare concrete mixes with potable and well water. Compressive, flexural, and tensile tests on were conducted at 28, 90 and 180 days. Results show that the maximum decreasing of concrete strength was about 42.9% at 180 days compared with the control mix when using well water with OPC. This was due to the chemical contents of well water that are more than the allowed limits. While the reduction in compressive strength was about 31.3% when using well water with SRPC due to sulfate resisting cement. Flexural strength reductions of 50.5% and 42.8% was seen when using OPC and SRPC respectively with well water at 180 days. Same effect was observed for tensile strengths which indicates that using well water has negative effect on concrete strengths at late ages. Modulus of elasticity was calculated using the ACI 318 equation. Higher reduction of 24.5% was seen when using OPC with well water than 17.2% when using SRPC with well water at 180 days compared to control mix.
BIM and GIS integrated utility supply station location optimization and possibilities
Authors: Rabia Rahla , Kumar Sathish
Published: December 2022

Optimal planning of utility supply station location is an integral part of infrastructural projects. In general, this is a multi-objective optimization process by considering engineering, financial and geographical constraints. A shift from conventional 2D-CAD, manual quantification and design application-based approach to Building Information Modelling (BIM)-Geographic Information System (GIS) integrated approach is found to be suitable for minimizing optimal planning time, cost and increasing automation. In this paper, an Autodesk Revit add-in tool is proposed aimed at integrating BIM and GIS for Genetic Algorithm (GA) based utility supply station location optimization and to assess the possibilities of this integration. From the case study it is observed that up to 90% of cost saving can be accomplished by this proposed approach. It is found that compared to the traditional multi-software approach with manual data transfer, this integration can be utilized for multi-stage optimization and is suitable for automating heterogenous data integration with increased accuracy. The platform in which the add-in tool is developed for the utility network can be at either BIM or GIS and this selection is influenced by the availability and ease of data retrieval from the respective semantic information system and the level of automation that is to be accomplished. Standardised BIM-based modelling combined with concepts like artificial intelligence and image processing techniques can be promising for attaining desired results in industrial applications.
An archaeological sketch of the Belgrade district of Dorćol and the El Kal Viejo Synagogue
Authors: Bikić Vesna , Bugarski Ivan
Published: December 2022

After four decades, in 2018, the experts of the Institute of Archaeology had the opportunity to undertake further research in the area of the El Kal Viejo (Old) Synagogue in Visokog Stevana Street. This new research has confirmed, and greatly supplemented, previous knowledge about the settlement of the Dorćol riparian zone through different prehistoric and historical eras. Following the identification of the foundations of the synagogue and definition of its construction phases, excavations of the deeper layers began. While no evidence of Neolithic occupation was found, sporadic finds of Eneolithic artefacts have yielded new information on the sequence of prehistoric cultures in the riverine area. Although limited to the parcel of land and dictated by the disposition of solid walls and the subterranean water level, the excavations brought to light the partial remains of two dugout houses belonging to the Iron Age and Late La Tène period were discovered, while traces from the Roman period were somewhat sporadic, being best represented by a pit dating to the 4th century AD. A damaged necropolis and a cultural layer belonging to the 10th-11th centuries represent the earliest evidence of the structure of Belgrade's suburbs in the Middle Ages. A settlement layer dating to the 11th-12th centuries was also documented, evidenced by a dwelling - only partially excavated - that, on the basis of pottery finds, was dated to the late 12th century. In accordance with previous investigations, traces of the later medieval period up until the 15th century are almost completely absent. That horizon, best represented by a sunken-floored house rich in ceramic artefacts, represents the culmination of the riparian zone's rural characteristics. An era of solid architectural constructions followed, but the remains of the buildings dating to the 16th-17th century cannot be reliably interpreted. A series of walls, retaining walls and floors were discovered, with some of these being incorporated into the later synagogue building. This simple construction, with a rectangular footprint, measuring 20m x 9m, paved with bricks and with massive pillar bases, was built at a time post-dating 1632. Based on numismatic finds, we also know that a major renovation of the synagogue, with the later structure retaining the same dimensions, was carried out at some point after 1770. Written sources also report in detail about a final renovation undertaken in 1819. The synagogue was expanded through the construction of an apse to the south and an annexe to the north. The synagogue was damaged in 1941, and, after the end of the Second World War, its remains were buried, with the entire plot completely changing in appearance. The synagogue, however, did not disappear from memory, and its ruins remain as a testament to Belgrade's rich history.
Heritage and the global crisis: The impact of geopolitics on cultural historiography and monument protection
Authors: Kadijević Aleksandar
Published: December 2022

In the midst of the Russian military invasion of Ukraine, launched at the end of February 2022, in which, in addition to countless deaths of civilians and soldiers, a large number of cultural monuments have been devastated, the concerned world is helplessly watching, while the destruction continues with undiminished ferocity despite the evident traumatic consequences. Although the geopolitical implications of the Ukrainian war will continue to play out for many years to come, within the cultural sector they can already be compared to those of the wars fought in the 1990s on the territory of the former SFRY, when the architectural heritage of 'undesirable' communities was brutally devastated. The position of the Republic of Serbia is multifaceted on this front, a fact that has been radically reflected in modern geopolitical changes, primarily regarding territorial integrity, historical consciousness and the situation of cultural heritage in the region.
Research on an SVM Prediction of Welding Deformation Rectification for High-Strength Steel Fillet-Welded Joints after Traveling Induction Heating
Authors: Feng Yulong , Liu Yujun , Wang Ji , Li Rui
Published: December 2022

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To effectively realize the welding deformation rectification of high-strength steel fillet-welded joints in hull construction, a traveling induction coil was used to research the rectification effect of the welding deformation, and the support vector machine (SVM) method was applied to study the ability to predict the rectification amount. Welding and induction heating experiments were carried out on the fillet-welded joints, and finite element models, which were used to expand the prediction sample library of the SVM model, were established according to the experimental process. Then, the induction current, frequency, moving rate of the induction coil, weld deformation amount, and sheet thickness were selected as the input characteristic parameters of the SVM model to predict the rectification results achieved by traveling induction heating. It can be concluded that the established finite element model can accurately simulate the continuous machining process of welding-induction heating in reality, the induction heating method can actively eliminate welding deformation, and the SVM algorithm based on the radial basis function can predict the rectification result of weld deformation with high precision.

Introduction

The welding process of fillet-welded joints is one of the most common basic construction process units in shipbuilding, and the welding deformation caused by thermal elastoplastic deformation directly threatens the structural strength of hull construction (Liang et al. 2015; Yi et al. 2020). Extensive results indicate that welding deformation and welding residual stress are the main causes of hull structure deformation and stress corrosion; therefore, how to effectively realize the welding deformation rectification of fillet-welded joints has become a research topic of interest (Zhou & Wang 2019). At present, the flame heating method is the preferred method used to rectify a welding deformation; however, some disadvantages in the flame heating method, which include temperature control difficulties, poor automation, harsh construction environments, and ease of material property damage, can seriously affect the quality and strength of a hull structure (Kotani et al. 2016; Kalyankar & Shah 2018). In contrast, electromagnetic induction heating technology, which has a high degree of controllability, environmental friendliness, high heating efficiency, and low dependence on worker experience, has attracted the attention of researchers (Barclay et al. 2013; Haglund & Kristoffersen 2014).
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURING PARAMETERS ON THE INTERLAYER BEHAVIOR OF 3D PRINTING MATERIALS WITH AND WITHOUT REINFORCEMENT FIBERS
Authors: RANZ ANGULO DAVID , CUARTERO SALAFRANCA JESUS , Rodríguez Villacampa Lorenzo , MIRALBÉS  BUIL RAMÓN , GOMEZ GARCIA JOSE ANTONIO
Published: December 2022

This work carries out an in-depth analysis of the influence of the manufacturing parameters on the behavior of a material with better mechanical properties than the usual ones, PLA and ABS, such as PETG (Polyethylene terephthalate with glycol), and the carbon fiber reinforced version. This study performs the experi-mental characterization on interlaminar fracture of this material, with the aim of acquiring a better knowledge of it, but also generates a model of material behavior that takes into account the effects on the properties of the printing profile, in other words, of the selected manufacturing parameters. In order to achieve such objective, a finite element numerical model has been developed, using cohesive elements to simulate the contact zones between layers. Also, failure and degradation modes of the material would be enclosed in the model behavior. A bilinear behavior model is used to simulate the response of the interlaminar zones. The properties of the model, as well as its subsequent adjustment, are supported from the results obtained in the experimental phase. As a final result of the work, the authors propose a series of graphs that allow the selection of these properties to be used in the model, depending on the manufacturing parameters selected for a future application.

Keywords: FDM; PETG; DCB test; cohesive modeling
METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE SELECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF RIGID SAILS CONSIDERING PRE-STALL AND POST-STALL AERODYNAMIC CONDITIONS
Authors: RECA LUQUE CARLOS , AGUILAR TORRES FERNANDO JOSE , GIMENEZ FERNANDEZ ANTONIO , AGUILAR TORRES MANUEL ANGEL
Published: December 2022

The shipping industry is increasingly considering the issues of "green shipping" and "zero-emission shipping", which are closely related to reducing the consumption of fossil fuels to mitigate its environmental impact. In this way, the use of renewable energies is increasingly perceived as part of the energy mix, with the use of rigid sails (wind energy) being one of the tested alternatives as auxiliary propulsion systems. This work studied the fluid-mechanical optimization of the airfoil that defines the cross section geometry of the rigid sail. A methodology was developed to obtain the aerodynamic coefficients of the rigid sail for any position of the sail with respect to the wind depending on the tested airfoil. Once the aerodynamic coefficients were modeled for several angles of attack, the thrust and overturning components generated by the sail force on the boat were computed from before and after airfoil stalling predictive models of the aerodynamic coefficients. From the obtained results, the following two main conclusions can be stated. i) The use of the sail in post-stall conditions for higher angles of incidence (from approximately 90°) substantially improved the thrust generated on the boat. For the case of small incidence angles, it is recommended to set the sail at an angle of attack less than the airfoil stall. ii) Within the symmetrical four-digit NACA series, the symmetrical NACA 0015 airfoil turned out to be the best choice for geometrically defining the rigid sail cross section, as it provided the highest possible thrust while minimizing the overturning force.

Key Words: rigid sails, wind powered, airfoil, aerodynamic coefficients, CFD
GEOMETRICAL MODELLING OF CORNEAL STRUCTURE IN NON-PATHOLOGICAL INITIAL CONDITIONS. A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: GOMEZ GARCIA CARMELO , PIÑEROS HEREDIA DAVID , VELÁZQUEZ BLÁZQUEZ JOSÉ SEBASTIÁN , SAEZ GUTIERREZ FRANCISCO LUIS , ALIO JORGE LUCIANO , CAVAS MARTINEZ FRANCISCO
Published: December 2022

Modelling and numerical simulation have involved a great advance in clinical practice for the prediction of the structural behaviour of soft tissues in certain healthy or pathological scenarios. One of the main features of these simulations is that they can define the geometric parameters of the structure in its initial boundary conditions. In the case of the cornea, there are discrepancies with respect to the initial conditions that depend on whether if it is considered its physiological geometry measured in vivo, or otherwise its geometry in its stress-free state. The choice of one or the other could lead to errors in the simulation model due to the non-linearity of these tissues. In this study, two methodologies were evaluated, the displacement method and the prestress method, to obtain the geometry of non-pathological cornea in its free-of-stress state. Both methodologies allow obtaining the physiological geometry measured in-vivo of the healthy cornea, however, the method of displacements presents a computational architecture that makes it more efficient in numerical simulation, when compared to the pre-stress method.
Keywords: 3D Modelling; Computational Modelling; Ophthalmology; Biological Morphology
CIRCULAR ECONOMY APPLIED TO PLASTIC WASTE: REDESIGN OF A LOW-COST EXTRUDER
Authors: LADRON DE GUEVARA MUÑOZ CARMEN , MERINO JOSE ANTONIO , DE COZAR MACIAS OSCAR , CASTILLO RUEDA FRANCISCA , MARIN BOYERO ADRIAN , ORTIZ ZAMORA FRANCISCO JOSE
Published: December 2022

There is a clear need to comply with the regulations and directives that are gradually being modified for everyone’s benefitl, in order to increase the life cycle of materials in general, and polymeric materials, in particular. The transformation of plastic materials is a technological field characterized by great dynamism and unbridled growth in recent decades, not only in terms of raw materials, but also in the equipment used, which is becoming increasingly efficient and sophisticated.
In this line, the project MAlaga REaction Against Plastic (MAREA Plastic) arises with the aim of creating an environment and a social offer that helps educate citizens and raise awareness about recycling, based on the circular economy, that is, treating waste as a new raw material. Among others, the MAREA project proposes manufacturing objects and parts through plastic injection moulding and obtaining recycled filament for 3D printing, while offering the university community and, society in general, the opportunity to experience first-hand the process of converting plastic waste into new objects, providing a broad benefit from the action of recycling. More specifically, the work presented here proposes the redesign of an extruder by reusing parts and components already discarded, extending its useful life, reducing costs and offering many people the possibility to manufacture a solution themselves by applying the basic principles of circular economy.
Keywords: Sustainability, circular economy, social education, SDG, plastic waste, Malaga, polymers.
CONCEPTUALIZATION OF MODULAR PRODUCTS FOR THE PROSUMER. A DESIGN WORKSHOP
Authors: ASION  SUÑER LAURA , LOPEZ FORNIES IGNACIO , ROSTOMYAN GEVORG
Published: December 2022

Modular design has proven to bring numerous advantages in the design and development of new products, but its relationship with the end user has been limited in practical scope. Previous studies analyze its applicability for prosumer users, but it has not yet been tested as a design method. This work presents a first application in a design workshop carried out during the conceptualization phase of a real project. The objective was to design a multifunction portable cart that complies with the characteristics of modular design and is focused on prosumers. This conceptualization was developed by designers and prosumers with the purpose of designing modular products for the prosumer. To do this, the key terms and the design method were explained to the participants. Subsequently, two group exercises were carried out to devise new applications and propose limitations and solutions. The workshop concludes with the individual conceptualization of the product, giving rise to 22 design concepts that were evaluated by the participants. Due to the lack of consensus, a second evaluation was carried out by the three coordinators of the workshop. The highest rated concept was fully evolved and developed, including manufacturing. The results offer conclusions on how the participants applied the method, what were the most applied characteristics of modular design, what manufacturing tools were proposed for prosumers and how to approach the method to non-specialized users.

Keywords: design method, prosumer, modular design, workshop, conceptualization
BULGE TEST APPLICATION IN THE CHARACTERIZATION PROCESS OF ELASTOMER MATERIALS MEMBRANES
Authors: ÍÑIGUEZ MACEDO SAÚL , PASCUAL MARTINEZ ALFONSO , LALIENA MARTINEZ JESUS MIGUEL , LOSTADO LORZA RUBEN , SOMOVILLA GOMEZ FATIMA , CORRAL BOBADILLA MARINA
Published: December 2022

The mechanical characterization of elastomers is a complex task that requires several standardized tests to determine its behavior. When trying to character-ize membranes, the process requires sufficient material to be present. To en-sure that the obtained data is reliable, it is essential to validate the elastomer before using this information in a complex model simulation. This paper de-scribes the process of characterization using artificial intelligence techniques and the bulge test to determine the material constitutive parameters of elasto-mers. To achieve this goal, a test bench was designed. It includes an electronic control system to measure the bulge deformation through a laser sensor. Fi-nally, finite elements method (FEM) models were proposed. They replicate as much as possible the real test design. The Shell and Brick elements have been used to mesh the models’ membrane. The reliability of the characterization method has been proved by the results that were obtained. Deformation and stress values had fewer than 15% error when using Shell elements. This type of elements should be selected when developing future membrane models, thereby ensuring a fit between FEM and the problem under study. The small error obtained as well as the computational cost used suggest that the meth-odology proposed in this work could be a simpler and cheaper alternative to be used in the characterization of elastomers than other more sophisticated methods require
PERFORMANCE-BASED MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM SELECTION STRATEGY IN EDGE COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: GOMEZ LARRAKOETXEA NEREA , SANZ URQUIJO BORJA , GARCIA BARRUETABEÑA JON , PASTOR LOPEZ IKER
Published: December 2022

Currently most of the data collected in companies and industrial manufacturing environments through IoT devices is processed in the cloud [1]. Given the large volume of data that each company manages due to the emergence of IoT, cloud computing is not the best option for certain sectors such as automotive [3]. Within this sector, the quality perceived by the end customer is closely linked to the assembly line. These assembly lines collect a high number of variables (temperatures, pressures, pumps, etc.) and a real-time prediction by means of small digital twins in this process would avoid both material and labor costs. Today, to perform such anticipation through artificial intelligence models in real time is unfeasible due to the latency that exists with cloud processing. Therefore, there is an imminent need to develop applications that are deployed at the edge of the network for the automotive manufacturing and painting process that enable the generation of digital twins. In this regard, the proposal of the 'Edge Computing' concept [2] seeks to mitigate in part this situation. For this reason, this paper has focused not only on demonstrating that splitting the data of a large model by generating small 'Edge' models maintains the predictive capacity of each algorithm, but also stress tests (limits, constraints, etc.) have been performed on the 'Edge Computing' hardware technology currently available on the market that allows generating and processing this type of models.

Key Words: Edge Computing, Internet of things, Machine Learning, Industry 4.0
FUZZY AND NEURAL NETWORKS TO OPTIMIZE DENOISING IN BREAST CANCER RAMAN SPECTRA
Authors: CABRERA CABAÑAS REINIER , LUNA ROSAS FRANCISCO , MARTINEZ ROMO JULIO CESAR , FRAUSTRO REYES CLAUDIO , Hernandez Vargas Marco Antonio , MENDOZA GONZALEZ RICARDO
Published: December 2022

Cancer is one of the most notable causes of death worldwide, especially breast cancer is considered the most common in people of both sexes. Early detection of the tumor has become a challenge for researchers in the field.
CAPACITY BUFFER MANAGEMENT IN IMPLEMENTING DRUM-BUFFER-ROPE METHODOLOGY IN MAKE-TO-ORDER ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: ORUE IRASUEGI AITOR , LIZARRALDE AIASTUI AITOR , GARCIA SANCHEZ ALVARO , APAOLAZA PEREZ DE EULATE UNAI
Published: December 2022

The research work conducted by Orue et al. [1] aims to analyze the impact of protective capacity on the application of the third step of the drum-buffer-rope methodology of the theory of constraints (subordinate everything to the bottleneck) in make-to-order environments. To analyze the impact of protective capacity, a discrete event simulation is performed. Experimental results suggest that, at different levels of variability, different levels of protective capacity are needed to keep the system stable. The higher the variability, the higher the level of protection needed. It can be concluded that the definition of the level of protective capacity required is a strategic decision for the organization. For managers to know and control how much protection is necessary and how much is overcapacity or waste, monitoring and managing the use of protective capacity is paramount. This concept of protection monitoring and control is relatively new in the theory of constraints methodology, but it is applied in the demand-driven adaptive enterprise model [2]. Therefore, it is advisable to manage capacity buffers as is done in the methodology.

Keywords: theory of constraints, drum-buffer-rope, protective capacity, make-to-order, capacity buffer, demand-driven adaptive enterprise
La figuración de la voz narrativa en El italiano de Pérez-Reverte: historia de un narrador cansado
Authors: Hernández Ruiz Francisco Javier
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo indaga la continuidad de algunos de los principales motivos de la poética de Pérez-Reverte en su última novela, El italiano (2021). Por otro lado, trata de poner de manifiesto el uso novedoso (respecto anteriores obras suyas) que el autor lleva a cabo en la novela en relación a la figuración de la propia voz narrativa para desplazar el carácter de sus héroes "cansados" (esto es, amargamente lúcidos y desengañados) a la voz narrativa para preservar los restos del héroe clásico y su épica; de manera que mantiene una coherente correlación con el "discurso desde las ruinas" empleado en anteriores obras, con la diferencia de que éste se producía en ellas desde la memoria del personaje y no desde la voz narrativa figurada, como ocurre en El italiano.
Imaginario Brasileño en la Pandemia – «ganado» o «yacaré»
Authors: Zarpelon Fernando
Published: December 2022

El artículo ofrece un camino interpretativo para productos culturales que surgieron de las redes con el debate político brasileño durante la pandemia y que tuvieron como referencia la actuación de Jair Bolsonaro. A través del marco teórico de la Semiótica Psicoanalítica, contrasta discursos y perfiles identitarios presentes en diferentes esferas psicosociales para investigar la mitogénesis cultural a la luz del fenómeno de la «cultura de la cancelación». El análisis profundiza en la comprensión de significantes como «gado» (ganado), «imunidade de rebanho» (inmunidad de rebaño), «virar jacaré» (convertir a yacaré), «cercadinho» (corral), «leite» (leche), entre otros verificados en las narrativas de la pandemia de la COVID-19. La representación de Bolsonaro se articula con la idea de «padre de la horda primitiva» en Freud y el Otro lacaniano. Presenta conceptos del psicoanálisis como unheimlich, das Ding y abyección en diálogo con la teoría esferológica de Sloterdijk y construye un panorama contemporáneo de algunos afectos y sentimientos involucrados en la simbolización y resignificación desde el contexto semiótico mediado por las redes sociales. Tiene en cuenta las fake news y la posverdad en la manipulación política del registro imaginario (como objetos históricos) al observar la producción de narrativas mitológicas que apuntan a procesos de identidad psicosocial que buscan engrosar partidarios. El texto enfatiza las emociones de miedo y la búsqueda de inmunidad como articuladores de las esferas políticas brasileñas y las dinámicas discursivas entre ellas.
Anacleto Ferrer, Facticidad y ficción. Ensayo sobre cinco secuencias fotográficas de perpetración de la Shoah
Authors: Hernández Sacristán Carlos
Published: December 2022

Anacleto Ferrer, Facticidad y ficción. Ensayo sobre cinco secuencias fotográficas de perpetración de la Shoah. Valencia: Shangrila, 2020, 226 págs.
Victor I. Stoichita. En torno al cuerpo. Anatomías, defensas, fantasmas
Authors: Guillén Esperanza
Published: December 2022

Victor I. Stoichita, En torno al cuerpo. Anatomías, defensas, fantasmas. Traducción de Anna María Coderch. Madrid: Cátedra, 2022, 304 págs.
Conciencia Emocional y participación en los estudiantes del Primer Curso de Español en la Universidad Amar Télidji de Laghouat
Authors: Nadir Rachid , Othmani Marabout Salima Nadjah , Boudouaia Khadidja
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la relación entre la conciencia emocional y la participación en los estudiantes del primer curso del Departamento de Español, en la Universidad de Laghouat. La muestra refleja a todos los alumnos que estudian en el primer curso de español, utilizando la observación no participante y el cuestionario TMMS-24 como técnicas y herramientas para recolectar datos, con el propósito de determinar la relación entre la conciencia emocional de los estudiantes y su participación en el aula de ELE siguiendo un enfoque mixto. Los resultados obtenidos revelan una atención emocional superior en los estudiantes de sexo masculino en comparación con los de sexo femenino. En este contexto y por último, se confirma la relevancia entre la conciencia emocional y la participación en los estudiantes del primer curso.
Corpus de aprendices y cuestiones de discurso en la interlengua: un nuevo acercamiento aplicado a la enseñanza
Authors: Sampedro Mella María
Published: December 2022

En el ámbito de la investigación lingüística, en los últimos años se ha producido un gran desarrollo de la lingüística de corpus, que se evidencia tanto en la creación de nuevos corpus de hablantes nativos y de aprendices como en el aumento de publicaciones científicas basadas en este tipo de herramientas. Sin embargo, en el ámbito didáctico, la utilización de corpus representa todavía una novedad en las aulas de español como lengua extranjera (ELE). Este trabajo se inscribe en la lingüística de corpus aplicada a la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras y ofrece una propuesta didáctica basada en el uso de corpus de aprendices de ELE para la enseñanza de cuestiones del discurso. En concreto, partiendo del acto de habla aconsejar, se presenta una propuesta dirigida al nivel B1, con el fin de mostrar el potencial de los corpus de aprendices para la creación de materiales didácticos y la enseñanza de ELE.
Entre estereotipos y prejuicios: una propuesta práctica
Authors: Fatone Alice
Published: December 2022

La idea de proponer un recorrido didáctico sobre el tema de los estereotipos está directamente relacionada con el cambio de los conceptos de cultura y de competencia comunicativa en las aulas. A partir de los años’90, de hecho, la competencia comunicativa ha sido reemplazada por la competencia comunicativa intercultural (entre otros Beacco 2000; Byram y Gribkova y Starkey, 2001; Borghetti, 2016). Con un enfoque hacia la consciencia intercultural y la pedagogía crítica, se presenta esta experiencia didáctica (de cuatro unidades de dos horas) realizada en un instituto italiano de Bolonia en 2021 (4° ESO, nivel A2-B1 del QCER). A través del trabajo cooperativo y gracias a una metodología activa basada en el uso de medios audiovisuales reales, se ha conseguido reflexionar sobre los temas de los estereotipos y de los prejuicios abriendo un debate intercultural y desarrollando las cuatro competencias lingüísticas.
Los grafitis en una experiencia memorable de ELE
Authors: Ribera Ruiz de Vergara Ana-Isabel
Published: December 2022

En este artículo vamos a presentar un ejemplo de experiencia memorable de aprendizaje realizada con estudiantes de ELE (Español Lengua Extranjera) de la Universidad francesa de Rouen Normandie. El objetivo de esta experiencia es el de ayudarles a desarrollar y mejorar la calidad de las destrezas lingüísticas del español. Para llevar a cabo esta experiencia de aprendizaje hemos creado actividades de producción oral y escrita inspiradas en las características del grafiti.
Evolución del impacto del COVID-19 sobre el empleo en España: análisis de las diferencias a nivel autonómico
Authors: Alujas Ruiz Joan Antoni
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de la pandemia sobre el empleo en España a nivel autonómico y su comparación con el inicio de la crisis financiera de 2008. Por un lado, se analiza la evolución del empleo, desagregando por sexo, tipo de jornada y tipo de sector (público o privado), así como de las tasas de temporalidad y parcialidad. Por otro lado, se relacionan las diferencias observadas en las variaciones porcentuales del empleo con la variación porcentual del PIB. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que la caída del empleo en el 2º trimestre de 2020 es incluso mayor que la registrada al inicio de la crisis de 2008. Sin embargo, a finales de 2020 la pérdida de empleo ya es claramente inferior a la anotada en el primer año de la crisis financiera, mientras que la sensibilidad del empleo al PIB ha sido mucho menor en la crisis derivada de la pandemia, tanto en el empleo temporal como en el empleo a tiempo completo. Las medidas de política laboral adoptadas, centradas sobre todo en reforzar el mecanismo de los ERTE, explicarían en gran medida el dispar comportamiento entre ambas crisis.
Reducción de la desigualdad y gasto social: Evidencia empírica para 35 países europeos, 2004-2018
Authors: Martín-Legendre Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2022

Este artículo busca determinar qué categorías de gasto social son las más eficaces para reducir la desigualdad de ingresos y cuantificar en qué medida contribuyen a esa mejora. Para ello, hemos reunido una muestra de 35 países europeos para el periodo 2004-2018 sobre la que hemos aplicado técnicas de análisis de regresión para datos de panel. Nuestros resultados señalan la importancia crucial del gasto en vivienda, desempleo y pensiones de jubilación para explicar la capacidad redistributiva del gasto social en transferencias. Asimismo, detectamos el papel crítico del ciclo económico y otros factores asociados a cada país que no fueron capturados por las variables explicativas incluidas en nuestro modelo.
Políticas Públicas Focalizadas en Latinoamérica: Revisión de los Programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas
Authors: Castro Luz G. , Mediavilla Mauro
Published: December 2022

En el presente trabajo se analizan los Programas de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas para la región de América Latina y el Caribe utilizando la base de datos del programa de protección social no contributiva de la División de Desarrollo de la CEPAL. Se realiza un análisis de los diferentes programas desarrollados en la región con el objeto de comparar las características de su implementación y sus evidencias de impacto. Según la base de datos utilizada, existen 20 países con programas activos para un total de 28 programas. Si bien la evidencia muestra resultados mixtos que dificultan la creación de argumentos sólidos generalizables en la región respecto a diseños de políticas de éxito o fracaso, sí que es posible identificar algunas prácticas que mejoran los resultados obtenidos y que pueden ser de utilidad para los gobiernos de la región.
Sistemas sectoriales de innovación ante el desarrollo sostenible: el caso de la política económica en la industria agroalimentaria de El Salvador
Authors: Peraza Castaneda Elías Humberto , Aleixandre Mendizábal Guillermo
Published: December 2022

El concepto de sistema nacional de innovación, que surge con distintos trabajos de Freeman, Lundvall y Nelson a fines de la década de 1980, es en la actualidad uno de los pilares de la política económica orientada a la mejora la competitividad económica. Partiendo de este concepto, y con una perspectiva de economía aplicada, desde principios del siglo XXI se profundiza en tres líneas: 1) el enfoque sectorial de estos sistemas; 2) su utilización en sectores de baja tecnología; 3) su aplicación a países en vías de desarrollo.Este trabajo presenta la aplicación del enfoque de sistema sectorial de innovación al diseño de la política económica en la industria agroalimentaria en El Salvador, un sector de baja tecnología en un país de renta media-baja; estando condicionada la política económica salvadoreña al logro de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS).Las conclusiones del trabajo plantean que la industria agroalimentaria salvadoreña, que actualmente se constituye como un sistema sectorial de innovación emergente, puede contribuir eficazmente al logro de algunos ODS. Dicho logro depende, en gran medida, de la continuidad del apoyo de las autoridades públicas a dicho sistema a través de un uso adecuado de los distintos instrumentos disponibles.
Complex pattern of facial remapping in somatosensory cortex following congenital but not acquired hand loss
Authors: Root Victoria , Muret Dollyane , Arribas Maite , Amoruso Elena , Thornton John , Tarall-Jozwiak Aurelie , Tracey Irene , Makin Tamar R
Published: December 2022

Cortical remapping after hand loss in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is thought to be predominantly dictated by cortical proximity, with adjacent body parts remapping into the deprived area. Traditionally, this remapping has been characterised by changes in the lip representation, which is assumed to be the immediate neighbour of the hand based on electrophysiological research in non-human primates. However, the orientation of facial somatotopy in humans is debated, with contrasting work reporting both an inverted and upright topography. We aimed to fill this gap in the S1 homunculus by investigating the topographic organisation of the face. Using both univariate and multivariate approaches we examined the extent of face-to-hand remapping in individuals with a congenital and acquired missing hand (hereafter one-handers and amputees, respectively), relative to two-handed controls. Participants were asked to move different facial parts (forehead, nose, lips, tongue) during functional MRI (fMRI) scanning. We first confirmed an upright face organisation in all three groups, with the upper-face and not the lips bordering the hand area. We further found little evidence for remapping of both forehead and lips in amputees, with no significant relationship to the chronicity of their phantom limb pain (PLP). In contrast, we found converging evidence for a complex pattern of face remapping in congenital one-handers across multiple facial parts, where relative to controls, the location of the cortical neighbour – the forehead – is shown to shift away from the deprived hand area, which is subsequently more activated by the lips and the tongue. Together, our findings demonstrate that the face representation in humans is highly plastic, but that this plasticity is restricted by the developmental stage of input deprivation, rather than cortical proximity.
Right inferior frontal gyrus damage is associated with impaired initiation of inhibitory control, but not its implementation
Authors: Choo Yoojeong , Matzke Dora , Bowren Mark D , Tranel Daniel , Wessel Jan R
Published: December 2022

Inhibitory control is one of the most important control functions in the human brain. Much of our understanding of its neural basis comes from seminal work showing that lesions to the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) increase stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), a latent variable that expresses the speed of inhibitory control. However, recent work has identified substantial limitations of the SSRT method. Notably, SSRT is confounded by trigger failures: stop-signal trials in which inhibitory control was never initiated. Such trials inflate SSRT, but are typically indicative of attentional, rather than inhibitory deficits. Here, we used hierarchical Bayesian modeling to identify stop-signal trigger failures in human rIFG lesion patients, non-rIFG lesion patients, and healthy comparisons. Furthermore, we measured scalp-EEG to detect β-bursts, a neurophysiological index of inhibitory control. rIFG lesion patients showed a more than fivefold increase in trigger failure trials and did not exhibit the typical increase of stop-related frontal β-bursts. However, on trials in which such β-bursts did occur, rIFG patients showed the typical subsequent upregulation of β over sensorimotor areas, indicating that their ability to implement inhibitory control, once triggered, remains intact. These findings suggest that the role of rIFG in inhibitory control has to be fundamentally reinterpreted.