bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korrupciós kockázatok a közszektorban, különös tekintettel a rendészeti (rendőri) igazgatás területére
Authors: Elek László
Published: August 2024

The author provides a comprehensive overview of the morphology, roots and causes of police corruption.
Efektivitas Kebijakan Penertiban Pengemis Di Kota Malang
Authors: Erlambang Nanda
Published: August 2024

Poverty is a concrete problem in society which is generally and systemically caused by the lack of availability of jobs, low levels of education, and individuals who do not have the competence and skills to earn money.  Social phenomenon is the emergence of beggars so that they become a public problem as happened in Malang City. According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for the City of Malang in the period 2016 to 2018, there were 378 beggars spread throughout the city of Malang. The implementation of the beggar control policy was carried out by the Malang City government through the Malang City Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2013 concerning Handling Street Children, the Homeless, and Beggars. Qualitative descriptive methods in this study were used to understand and describe the background along with problem-solving efforts, obstacles, and supporting factors for controlling beggars in the city of Malang. So the results of this study indicate that the existence of beggars in the city of Malang is caused by the application and content of the Malang City regulations regarding control of beggars whose character is persuasive and does not cause a deterrent effect. Then the supporting factors are that the Malang City government has succeeded in implementing regional regulations and innovation program policies because of the synergy between agencies, namely the Malang City Social Service, the Malang City Civil Service Police Unit, the Mutiara Insani Social Welfare Institute and the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia.
Sobre la naturaleza y las causas del comercio y del progreso de la civilización
Authors: Montes Leonidas
Published: August 2024

La riqueza de las naciones, de Adam Smith, es el libro fundante de la economía moderna. Aquel ‘violento ataque al sistema comercial de Gran Bretaña’, a su mercantilismo, invertía las bases de la economía política de la época. Era una revolución intelectual detalladamente pensada, en la que el progreso y la civilización de la ‘sociedad comercial’ constituían el objetivo central. El intercambio y la división del trabajo son sus cimientos. Ellos compatibilizan el fairness y la persuasión, que caracterizan el intercambio, con el interés propio y la división del trabajo, y hacen ver que el interés propio no es opuesto a la sympathy, el concepto central en La teoría de los sentimientos morales, referido a la relación moral entre seres humanos. Esto resuelve la supuesta contradicción formulada en el recurrido Das Adam Smith Problem. La obra sobre economía (RN) y el tratado sobre ética (TSM), aunque distintos, están unidos por una dimensión ética subyacente. El artículo concluye que Smith fue un filósofo moral en su más amplio sentido y significado, y RN no escapa a este punto de vista.
Aprendiendo de Adam Smith en 2023
Authors: Fleischacker Samuel
Published: August 2024

A partir del diagnóstico de una alta polarización visible en muchos países contemporáneos, el artículo propone un acercamiento a Adam Smith que contribuya a superar tal estado de cosas. Para ello, pasa revista a algunos conceptos fundamentales en el pensamiento de Smith y los aplica a decisiones de política pública. Sugiere, por ejemplo, que la empatía es fundamental para comprender a las personas pobres o el trabajo de otras en organizaciones burocráticas. Argumenta que la contextualización histórica es central para las decisiones de política, que el pragmatismo smithiano promueve acuerdos políticos incrementales en lugar de transformaciones radicales, y que la verdadera imparcialidad requiere trascender los sesgos teóricos, personales y partidistas. Asimismo, sostiene que la persuasión —y no la imposición o el ataque personal— es la vía para promover avances de política. También destaca que la aceptación estoica de las limitaciones institucionales es clave para avanzar paso a paso. El artículo concluye que, desde la visión de Smith, la moralidad ocupa una posición de superioridad sobre la política, tanto en términos de resultados alcanzables como en la correcta ubicación de nuestros deberes activos.
Adam Smith y la belleza moral de la igualdad
Authors: Otteson James R.
Published: August 2024

Más allá de los éxitos en materia de políticas públicas que las enseñanzas de Adam Smith han significado para la riqueza de las naciones modernas, su legado también se extiende al ámbito moral. Según Smith, aquella riqueza y plenitud general es accesible para cualquier grupo humano, sin distinciones de ningún tipo. Esto supone una igualdad moral de los seres humanos, un trato mutuo como pares morales, sin importar las diferencias en habilidades y capacidades que pueda haber entre ellos. En la obra de Smith esta igualdad moral se pone en evidencia en relaciones de simpatía mutua, en la cooperación sobre la base de la razón y el lenguaje, así como en la prudencia de apelar al interés del otro en relaciones de cooperación e intercambio. Todo ello da forma a un principio de trato igualitario. Estas ideas de Smith marcan un quiebre tan importante con respecto al pensamiento previo a él como lo hicieron los principios económicos smithianos en relación con la riqueza de las naciones.
PENERAPAN METODE STIMULASI MULTIMODAL PADA PASIEN GANGGUAN BAHASA AFASIA KONDUKSI PASCASTROK
Authors: YURIKA NUR HIDAYAH
Published: August 2024

Afasia adalah gangguan bahasa akibat kerusakan pada bagian otak yang bertanggung jawab dalam pemrosesan bahasa. Kasus afasia dapat ditangani dengan metode stimulasi multimodal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan langkah-langkah terapi dan mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan metode stimulasi multimodal dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menamai tingkat kalimat pada pasien gangguan bahasa afasia konduksi pascastrok. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan setelah penegakan diagnosis dan penentuan metode terapi yang tepat, yaitu dengan cara melakukan tes awal; memberikan terapi stimulasi multimodal sebanyak 10 kali pertemuan dengan durasi 45 menit setiap pertemuan; serta tes akhir. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil tes awal dengan akhir dan menghitung persentase kenaikannya.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien mendapatkan persentase akhir 100% dan terjadi peningkatan sebanyak 9 poin yang masuk dalam kategori berhasil.
Nondetections of Helium in the Young Sub-Jovian Planets K2-100b, HD 63433b, and V1298 Tau c
Authors: Alam Munazza K. , Kirk James , Dos Santos Leonardo A. , McCreery Patrick , Allan Andrew P. , Owen James E. , Vidotto Aline A. , Allart Romain , Bourrier Vincent , Espinoza Néstor , King George W. , López-Morales Mercedes , Seidel Julia V.
Published: August 2024

We search for excess in-transit absorption of neutral helium at 1.083 μm in the atmospheres of the young (<800 Myr) sub-Jovian (0.2–0.5 RJ
) planets HD 63433b, K2-100b, and V1298 Tau c using high-resolution (R∼25,000) transit observations taken with Keck II/NIRSPEC. Our observations do not show evidence of helium absorption for any of the planets in our sample. We calculate 3σ upper limits on the planets’ excess helium absorption of <0.47% for HD 63433b, <0.56% for K2-100b, and <1.13% for V1298 Tau c. In terms of equivalent width, we constrain these to <2.52, <4.44, and <8.49 mÅ for HD 63433b, K2-100b, and V1298 Tau c, respectively. We fit our transmission spectra with one-dimensional Parker wind models to determine upper limits on the planets’ mass-loss rates of <7.9 × 1010, <1.25 × 1011, and <7.9 × 1011g s−1. Our nondetections align with expectations from one-dimensional hydrodynamic escape models, magnetic fields, and stellar wind confinement. The upper limits we measure for these planets are consistent with predicted trends in system age and He equivalent width from 1D hydrodynamic models.
An Earth-sized Planet on the Verge of Tidal Disruption
Authors: Dai Fei , Howard Andrew W. , Halverson Samuel , Orell-Miquel Jaume , Pallé Enric , Isaacson Howard , Fulton Benjamin , Price Ellen M. , Plotnykov Mykhaylo , Rogers Leslie A. , Valencia Diana , Paragas Kimberly , Greklek-McKeon Michael , Gomez Barrientos Jonathan , Knutson Heather A. , Petigura Erik A. , Weiss Lauren M. , Lee Rena , Brinkman Casey L. , Huber Daniel , Stefánsson Gumundur , Masuda Kento , Giacalone Steven , Lu Cicero X. , Kite Edwin S. , Hu Renyu , Gaidos Eric , Zhang Michael , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Winn Joshua N. , Han Te , Beard Corey , Holcomb Rae , Householder Aaron , Gilbert Gregory J. , Lubin Jack , Ong J. M. Joel , Polanski Alex S. , Saunders Nicholas , Van Zandt Judah , Yee Samuel W. , Zhang Jingwen , Zink Jon , Holden Bradford , Baker Ashley , Brodheim Max , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Deich William , Edelstein Jerry , Gibson Steven R. , Hill Grant M. , Jelinsky Sharon R , Kassis Marc , Laher Russ R. , Lanclos Kyle , Lilley Scott , Payne Joel N. , Rider Kodi , Robertson Paul , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Shaum Abby P. , Sirk Martin M. , Smith Chris , Vandenberg Adam , Walawender Josh , Wang Sharon X. , Wang Shin-Ywan (Cindy) , Wishnow Edward , Wright Jason T. , Yeh Sherry , Caballero José A. , Morales Juan C. , Murgas Felipe , Nagel Evangelos , Reiners Ansgar , Schweitzer Andreas , Tabernero Hugo M. , Zechmeister Mathias , Spencer Alton , Ciardi David R. , Clark Catherine A. , Lund Michael B. , Caldwell Douglas A. , Collins Karen A. , Schwarz Richard P. , Barkaoui Khalid , Watkins Cristilyn , Shporer Avi , Narita Norio , Fukui Akihiko , Srdoc Gregor , Latham David W. , Jenkins Jon M. , Ricker George R. , Seager Sara , Vanderspek Roland
Published: August 2024

TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R
⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M
⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P
orb/P
Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor

Q

⋆

′

≈

10

7

, we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star–planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Global Anisotropies of ΩΛ
Authors: Clocchiatti Alejandro , Rodríguez Ósmar , Órdenes Morales Ariel , Cuevas-Tapia Benjamin
Published: August 2024

An analysis of the cosmological constant ΩΛ fitted to subsamples of the Pantheon+ Type Ia supernova sample spanning 2π steradians for a grid of 432 pole positions covering the whole sky reveals two large-scale asymmetries. One of them is closely aligned with the Galactic north–south direction and the other points approximately toward R.A. ∼ 217.°5, decl. ∼ −26.°4, ∼50.°9 from the cosmic microwave background dipole Apex. The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the multiple ΩΛ measurements in these directions is 3.2 ≲ S/N ≲ 8.4. The first asymmetry is puzzling, and would indicate a systematic effect related with the distribution of Pantheon+ supernovae on the sky and, probably, how the correction for reddening in the Galaxy is calculated. The second one, which entails a 2.8-σ tension between ΩΛ measured in opposite directions, bears strong implications on our interpretation of ΩΛ as dark energy: it is consistent with the prediction for tilted observers located in a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe who could measure an acceleration or a deceleration with a dipolar asymmetry, irrespective of what the universe as a whole is doing. In this case, ΩΛ would not be a physical entity, a real dark energy, but an apparent effect associated with the relativistic frame of reference transformation.
Direct Optimal Mapping Image Power Spectrum and its Window Functions
Authors: Xu Zhilei , Kim Honggeun , Hewitt Jacqueline N. , Chen Kai-Feng , Kern Nicholas S. , Rath Eleanor , Byrne Ruby , Gorce Adélie , Pascua Robert , Martinot Zachary E. , Dillon Joshua S. , Hazelton Bryna J. , Liu Adrian , Morales Miguel F. , Abdurashidova Zara , Adams Tyrone , Aguirre James E. , Alexander Paul , Ali Zaki S. , Baartman Rushelle , Balfour Yanga , Beardsley Adam P. , Bernardi Gianni , Billings Tashalee S. , Bowman Judd D. , Bradley Richard F. , Bull Philip , Burba Jacob , Carey Steven , Carilli Chris L. , Cheng Carina , DeBoer David R. , de Lera Acedo Eloy , Dexter Matt , Eksteen Nico , Ely John , Ewall-Wice Aaron , Fagnoni Nicolas , Fritz Randall , Furlanetto Steven R. , Gale-Sides Kingsley , Glendenning Brian , Gorthi Deepthi , Greig Bradley , Grobbelaar Jasper , Halday Ziyaad , Hickish Jack , Jacobs Daniel C. , Julius Austin , Kariseb MacCalvin , Kerrigan Joshua , Kittiwisit Piyanat , Kohn Saul A. , Kolopanis Matthew , Lanman Adam , La Plante Paul , Loots Anita , MacMahon David Harold Edward , Malan Lourence , Malgas Cresshim , Malgas Keith , Marero Bradley , Mesinger Andrei , Molewa Mathakane , Mosiane Tshegofalang , Murray Steven G. , Neben Abraham R. , Nikolic Bojan , Nuwegeld Hans , Parsons Aaron R. , Patra Nipanjana , Pieterse Samantha , Razavi-Ghods Nima , Robnett James , Rosie Kathryn , Sims Peter , Smith Craig , Swarts Hilton , Tan Jianrong , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , van Wyngaarden Pieter , Williams Peter K. G. , Zheng Haoxuan ,   HERA Collaboration
Published: August 2024

The key to detecting neutral hydrogen during the epoch of reionization (EoR) is to separate the cosmological signal from the dominating foreground radiation. We developed direct optimal mapping (DOM) to map interferometric visibilities; it contains only linear operations, with full knowledge of point spread functions from visibilities to images. Here, we demonstrate a fast Fourier transform-based image power spectrum and its window functions computed from the DOM images. We use noiseless simulation, based on the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Phase I configuration, to study the image power spectrum properties. The window functions show <10−11 of the integrated power leaks from the foreground-dominated region into the EoR window; the 2D and 1D power spectra also verify the separation between the foregrounds and the EoR.
The Escape Probability of Photons Emitted in a Spherical Homogeneous Shell
Authors: Dwek Eli , Arendt Richard G.
Published: August 2024

We present a general expression for calculating the escape probability of photons from a dusty homogeneous spherical shell.
Preliminary study of marine sponges (Porifera) in the littoral of Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia
Authors: Putra Singgih Afifa , Ambo-Rappe Rohani , Jompa Jamaluddin , de Voogd Nicole J.
Published: August 2024

Previous ecological studies show higher sponge diversity in the Spermonde Archipelago, SW Sulawesi, Indonesia, compared to the World Porifera Database. This study aims to provide an updated checklist of sponges of the Spermonde Archipelago, focusing particularly on the littoral area. Systematic sampling was executed through several observations, with roving techniques, e.g., snorkeling and SCUBA diving. In situ photographs of living sponges were taken using an underwater digital camera. Some specimens were collected and stored at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden. Fragments of samples were analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy. A total of 27 sponges (Calcarea and Demospongiae) were catalogued from the littoral area of the Spermonde Archipelago. Some of these are new records for the Sulawesi Sea/Makassar Strait marine ecoregion, including four potentially novel taxa. Preliminary morphological descriptions of all examined samples are presented. This study highlights the sponge assemblage flourishing in a shallow area characterized by a paucity of live corals and a predominant environment by macroalgae, rocks, and rubble.
Des recours genrés à l’État
Authors: Lejeune Aude
Published: August 2024

Cet article examine comment le genre façonne les recours à l’État, à partir d’une enquête ethnographique conduite au sein d’une permanence juridique gratuite de l’inspection du travail, principalement utilisée par des salariéꞏes des classes populaires du secteur privé. Il montre d’une part que les temporalités du recours à l’État et les usages de la consultation diffèrent selon le sexe des salariéꞏes qui sollicitent ce service et, d’autre part, que la consultation en elle-même renforce les écarts entre les femmes et les hommes dans la manière dont elles et ils font valoir leurs droits au travail.
La prise en charge de l’école par les pères pendant le confinement de 2020
Authors: Landour Julie , Barbier Pascal , Le Goff Jean-Marie
Published: August 2024

À partir d’une enquête par entretiens auprès de parents hétérosexuels d’enfants scolarisés en France et en Suisse, l’article rend compte des mécanismes qui ont perpétué la prise en charge genrée du travail scolaire au cours du confinement du printemps 2020. Il confirme d’abord que les femmes ont maintenu leur prise en charge principale du travail scolaire, quelle qu’ait été leur disponibilité ou celle de leur conjoint. Il présente ensuite la manière dont les pères ont justifié leur retrait du travail scolaire, tout en bénéficiant de la reconnaissance de leur aide ponctuelle. Il montre enfin les configurations familiales et les propriétés sociales spécifiques qui favorisent l’implication scolaire de quelques pères sur la période.
Lovely colours: Colour and Affect in the Early Royal Society of London
Authors: Wragge-Morley Alexander
Published: August 2024

Cet article explore le langage affectif utilisé pour décrire la couleur par trois membres clés de la première Royal Society de Londres Robert Boyle, John Ray et Francis Willughby. Ce faisant, il met en lumière un paradoxe. D’une part, Boyle et ses contemporains comprenaient que la couleur provenait en partie des réactions de leur propre corps aux éléments extérieurs. Il allait donc de soi que le meilleur moyen de rendre les couleurs utiles dans le discours scientifique était d’apaiser les composantes les plus indisciplinées et subjectives de ces réactions et peu de choses sont plus indisciplinées que certaines des passions inspirées par les belles couleurs. D’un autre côté, ces mêmes philosophes ont insisté sur le fait que leurs réactions subjectives pouvaient parfois être scientifiquement significatives. Loin d’essayer d’éliminer les passions suscitées par les couleurs dites « aimables », Boyle et ses contemporains ont parfois traité ces réponses subjectives comme des outils utiles à la recherche philosophique.
Malaise dans la récréation ?
Authors: Roux Sébastien , Rolland Margaux , A. Fischer Larry
Published: August 2024

Aux États-Unis, la chasse réunit près de 12 millions de licenciés, soit 4 % de la population. Le nombre de pratiquants diminue toutefois depuis le début des années 1980, dans un contexte marqué par la politisation croissante d’une activité de plus en plus contestée. Or, amenés à justifier leurs activités, comment les pratiquants se défendent-ils face à l’émergence de discours anti-chasse de plus en plus audibles et structurés ? Alors qu’ils voient leur hobby attaqué, comment les chasseurs parviennent-ils à défendre le maintien de leur activité ? À partir d’une enquête conduite en Arizona, un des États américains les plus réputés pour la valeur et la qualité de son gibier, cette contribution montre comment des promoteurs de l’activité font paradoxalement d’un loisir polémique une activité où se construit, s’organise et se diffuse une (contre-)éthique de la chasse à portée politique.
A Novel Approach to Supporting Ambulatory Nursing Professional Development
Authors: Banister Stacie , Resseguie Carin E.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Because of the growth of nursing care in ambulatory clinics, nursing education and professional development needs have increased.

Method:

At one academic medical center, development of a combined centralized-decentralized nursing professional development model addressed the needs of this expansion.

Results:

Hiring dedicated nursing professional development staff for prioritized education programs improves throughputs and outputs associated with nursing professional development.

Conclusion:

Implementation of unit-based clinic rounding has improved staff engagement with education, professional development, and quality outcomes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(9):449–455.]
Evaluating the Quality of Multiple-Choice Test Questions in the Postlicensure Environment
Authors: Makhija Hirsh , Schneid Stephen D. , Kalinowski Amy , Mandel Jess , Davidson Judy E.
Published: August 2024

Background

Multiple-choice test questions are among the main measures of knowledge used by educators in the postlicensure environment; however, these tests are often constructed in the absence of guidelines or the means to evaluate examination quality after administration.

Method

Previously, guidance was provided on constructing quality test items. Here we present instruction for professional development specialists to use postadministration test data for an item analysis, providing insight on test flaws and opportunities for iterative examination improvement.

Results

The topics of item difficulty, index of discrimination, and distractor analysis are covered for independent analysis, and topics such as reliability are addressed for those who have access to a formal program.

Conclusion

Three levels of strategies are described: using a learning management system for item analysis, using free open-source software, and using a minimal standards method of evaluating test items.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2024;55(10):487–492.]
Staff Perceptions of Implementing a Person-Centered Communication Tool in the Nursing Home Setting: PAL Cards
Authors: Heid Allison R. , Abbott Katherine M. , Van Haitsma Kimberly S.
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

To understand direct care workers' perceptions of the impact of implementing a person-centered communication tool, Preference for Activity and Leisure (PAL) Cards, into care.

Method:

PAL Cards provide at-a-glance information about a nursing home (NH) resident's background and important preferences for activities and leisure. As a quality improvement project, 11 NHs implemented use of PAL Cards in their communities and provided feedback (
N
= 91 feedback forms received) on their perceptions of impact of PAL Cards on care communication and delivery.

Results:

A variety of NH staff members, across disciplines, were a part of PAL Card implementation. The majority of staff (84%) perceived that PAL Cards helped them start a conversation with a resident and 64% indicated that PAL Cards helped them provide care for a resident.

Conclusion:

PAL Cards are an effective tool for communicating information about NH residents' preferences to staff. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(8), 5–10.]
On the Cauchy problem of 3D nonhomogeneous micropolar fluids with density-dependent viscosity
Authors: Zhang Mingyu
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we considered the global well-posedness of strong solutions to the Cauchy problem of three-dimensional (3D) nonhomogeneous incompressible micropolar fluids with density-dependent viscosity and vacuum. Based on the energy method, some key a priori exponential decay-in-time rates of strong solutions are obtained. As a result, the existence and large-time asymptotic behavior of strong solutions in the whole space $ \mathbb{R}^3 $ are established, provided that the initial mass is sufficiently small. Note that this result is proven without any compatibility conditions.
On the convergence rates of discrete solutions to the Wave Kinetic Equation
Authors: Dolce Michele , Grande Ricardo
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we consider the long-term behavior of some special solutions to the Wave Kinetic Equation. This equation provides a mesoscopic description of wave systems interacting nonlinearly via the cubic NLS equation. Escobedo and Velázquez showed that, starting with initial data given by countably many Dirac masses, solutions remain a linear combination of countably many Dirac masses at all times. Moreover, there is convergence to a single Dirac mass at long times. The first goal of this paper is to give quantitative rates for the speed of said convergence. In order to study the optimality of the bounds we obtain, we introduce and analyze a toy model accounting only for the leading order quadratic interactions.
Practicing Multi-Sited Ethnography: Reflections, Strategies, and Tools for Qualitative Research on Transnational Migration
Authors: Della Puppa Francesco
Published: August 2024

The article illustrates the multi-sited use of the ethnographic method and the narrative in-depth interview in research on transnational migration between Bangladesh and Italy. Assuming a Sayadian perspective, the author explores the ways of accessing the transnational research field, the dynamics of anticipatory socialization at the interview within the transnational space, and the opportunity for collective self-socio-analysis and construction of a family memory that an in-depth interview implies. Finally, the article deepens the implications that the use of linguistic translators entails in ethnographic work and interpretative research.
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Corporate Finance
Authors: Kunjumuhammed Siraj Kariyilaparambu
Published: August 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into corporate finance has brought transformative changes in decision making process, managing risks, and improving operational efficiency. Many tasks which were earlier driven by human intervention were automated using machine learning, natural language processing and other AI tools. The widespread integration, though intended to reduce human biases and bring greater fairness to decisions, is not without limitations. AI driven finance poses certain inherent risks resulting from biases in decision making that must be carefully addressed to effectively utilize AI tools and sustain it during complex decision making and risk management situations. The chapter is recommended for corporate finance professionals and researchers in the field to enhance awareness and contribute to the growing risk mitigation strategies in AI driven finance.
Artificial Intelligence in Addressing Educational Inequality Dimensions in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
Authors: Kunjumuhammed Siraj Kariyilaparambu
Published: August 2024

A key pressing social issue that higher education institutions (HEI) have consciously attended during recent years is the educational inequalities, hindering prospects of marginalized and underrepresented groups in society. Educational inequalities encompass both structural and outcome-related aspects. Two major educational inequality exist, the inequality of outcomes and inequality of opportunities. This chapter focuses on the inequality of outcomes, which is mainly the outcome of unequal distribution of academic resources. The chapter critically reviews the existing literature, with the objective of discussing various dimensions of educational inequality in the higher education sector, and the role of artificial intelligence in addressing educational inequalities. It is crucial to ensure that the use of AI is guided by ethical frameworks and transparency to prevent the reinforcement of existing biases and further marginalization of disadvantaged groups.
Advancements in Ransomware Detection and Prevention Techniques
Authors: Verma Jayant , Lakshmi D.
Published: August 2024

In today's world of ubiquitous sensors and intelligent devices, cyber incidents and crime have peaked. Ransomware poses a danger to the security of a computer system. Ransomware attacks have significantly increased over the past ten years. Inevitably, this has become the talk of the town quite extortionate due to considerable consequential damages and obstruction in sectors such as healthcare, insurance, business, and education. Automatic detection and prevention of ransomware attacks is a crucial aspect of cybersecurity. Various malware detection methods have still been unturned as new parts of malware emerge. In the last two decades, several machine-learning algorithms and behavior-based techniques have been developed to identify ransomware anomalies. This chapter provides a long-term understanding of ransomware and discusses current methods and advancements in ransomware detection and the phases of a ransomware attack. The authors also highlighted the brief history of ransomware from 1989 when the first ransomware was discovered to the recent year 2023.
Adoption to Digital Banking Services Detection of Frauds and Preventive Action by Banks
Authors: Ramachandran Nithya , Al Hajri Jawaher Aamir
Published: August 2024

Technology has become an unavoidable concept in the modern world. Adopting to technology is an utmost necessity in any field. Banking is one such sector which has seen vast changes in different stages of technology advancement staring from shifting to computer-based service to the recent day's online services provided by banks. The financial services provided are to result in financial stability, enhanced financial access and reduced poverty level. Digital transactions are referred to using digital banking, digital payment, mobile payment, cryptocurrency, etc. Digital banking connects to using technology in performing bank transactions.
Ethical Considerations in AI Applications in Finance
Authors: Minz Nitish Kumar
Published: August 2024

This research addresses ethical considerations in AI applications within finance. With AI's increasing integration into financial operations, the need for robust ethical guidelines is evident. The proposal explores tailored ethical frameworks for AI in finance, emphasizing transparency, explainability, accountability, and real-world case studies. It adapts established ethical frameworks, providing practical guidance for stakeholders. The research underscores the significance of transparency and explainability, exploring methods for ensuring these attributes in financial AI applications. It delves into accountability and responsibility concepts, clarifying stakeholder and regulatory roles. Real-world case studies offer insights into ethical dilemmas and resolutions. The goal is to heighten awareness and understanding, enabling the development of responsible, ethical, and sustainable AI applications in finance.
Unveiling the Impact of Perceived Smart Tourism Technology on Tourist Satisfaction
Authors: Srivastava Praveen , Shandilya Gautam
Published: August 2024

This study explores the intricate relationship between perceived smart tourism technology (STT) experiences and tourist satisfaction (TS), recognizing the pivotal role played by innovative technologies in shaping contemporary travel experiences. The research employs a comprehensive approach to assess how tourists' perceptions of smart technology, including factors such as informativeness, interactivity, and personalization, influence overall satisfaction. By utilizing SmartPLS, the study aims to uncover nuanced insights into the intricate dynamics that govern the interplay between perceived smart tourism technology and the satisfaction levels of modern tourists. The research methodology involves the collection of perceptual data from a diverse sample of tourists throughout India, encompassing various smart technology applications within the tourism sector. Employing sophisticated statistical analyses, including regression modeling and structural equation modeling, the study seeks to quantify the impact of different aspects of smart technology experiences on overall satisfaction. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of smart tourism technology by providing a robust and nuanced understanding of its role in shaping tourist satisfaction. The findings are expected to have practical implications for tourism industry stakeholders, informing strategic decisions regarding the integration and enhancement of smart technologies to optimize the overall tourist experience. Ultimately, this study advances the discourse on leveraging technology to meet the evolving expectations of modern tourists and underscores the importance of perceived smart tourism technology in driving satisfaction in the tourism sector.
Digital Strategies for Modern Workplaces and Business Through Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Agrawal Anurag Vijay , Bakkiyaraj M , Das Simanchala , Reddy C. M. Surendra , Kiran P. B. Narendra , Boopathi S.
Published: August 2024

AI has significantly transformed human resources (HR) by enhancing recruitment, talent acquisition, employee engagement, performance management, learning, and HR analytics. This chapter explores the convergence of HR and AI, highlighting its potential to revolutionize modern workplaces. The recruitment processes have been enhanced by AI in HR strategies such as efficiently identifying top candidates and mitigating unconscious bias. Automated candidate screening, scheduling interviews, and answering frequently asked questions, improving the candidate experience have been done. The personalized learning and development initiatives, delivering targeted training programs, identifying skill gaps, and providing timely feedback have been facilitated. AI-powered systems provide real-time insights into employee performance metrics, enabling proactive feedback. By analyzing vast datasets, AI algorithms can identify patterns and trends, facilitating data-driven decision-making in performance evaluations and goal setting.
Reality for Human Experience in AI in the Digital Economy
Authors: Priyanka Nelloju , Sethi Smriti , Sahai Anjali , Srivastava Akanksha , Sambathkumar M. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: August 2024

Finance, decision-making, and AI interaction have been transferred to the digital economy due to the reduction of transaction costs and increase in security through blockchain technology. Integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics with decision support systems (DSS), with a focus on risk assessment, predictive analytics, and strategic planning, has been explored. AI and DSS collaborated to deliver responsiveness and flexibility across several industries, leading to improved, data-driven decision-making. The current and future paths of AI with a focus on finance, healthcare, and customer service, in addition to ethical problems, have also been discussed. Future developments in the digital economy, such as cybersecurity, decentralized banking, and quantum computing, have been explored to optimize benefits and reduce risks.
Enhancing 5G Security Using Hybrid Learning Approach for Malware Detection and Classification
Authors: Murugavalli E. , Rajeswari K. , Vinoth Thyagarajan V. , Shruti P. S. , Hemalatha K. R.
Published: August 2024

As the security challenges are inherent to 5G networks, the threat of malware continues to rise. Due to the high-speed nature of 5G, there is a need for automated malware detection and classification methods. This chapter presents a hybrid model for malware classification that combines machine learning and deep learning techniques. This model leverages the power of feature extraction using the InceptionResNetV2 deep learning model pre-trained on ImageNet. The features extracted from malware images are fed into a random forest classifier for the final classification task. The experimental evaluation conducted on a dataset comprising 31 malware families achieves an accuracy of 94.15%. Furthermore, the predicted labels closely align with the ground truth labels across various malware families, showcasing the model's ability to capture the intricate patterns and characteristics of diverse malware strains.
The Performance Analysis of PSO-Based Power Allocation for Alamouti Decode and Forward Relaying Protocol
Authors: Ali K. Shoukath , Khan Arfat Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Alamouti decode and forward (DF) relaying protocol using cooperative-maximum combining ratio (C-MRC) for three user cooperative system is considered. The performance of approximate SER for Alamouti DF relaying protocol with M-PSK modulation over Rayleigh fading and Rician fading channel is presented and compared with upper bound SER results. The approximate SER of proposed protocol is asymptotically tight at high SNR compared to the upper bound. The Alamouti DF relaying protocol provides full diversity gain compared with the existing Protocols. The PSO algorithm is used to calculate the optimum PA factor based on the minimum approximate SER. The simulated SER is compared with the theoretical approximate SER. It is shown that the Alamouti DF relaying protocol outperforms the existing Alamouti AF, AF, and DF relaying protocols. Modified cooperative subchannel allocation (CSA) algorithm for Alamouti DF relaying protocol using C-MRC technique is proposed, which maximizes the total throughput of the multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA) systems.
Securing the Future
Authors: Pugazhenthi Nedumal , Kaliappan Vijayakumar , Sundarmoorthy Selvaperumal , Gunasekaran Prabhakar
Published: August 2024

Integrating smart grid technology with 5G and fiber optic systems offers significant improvements in efficiency and resilience, but also presents substantial cybersecurity challenges. This study examines the necessary standards and regulatory compliance for secure implementation, highlighting the importance of adhering to guidelines from organizations like 3GPP, ITU, IEEE, and IEC to ensure robust security and interoperability. Fiber optic infrastructure, essential for fast and secure data transmission, requires stringent physical security and advanced encryption techniques to protect against manipulation and attacks. Additionally, compliance with privacy laws such as GDPR is crucial for handling sensitive data. Organizations must continuously monitor and update their cybersecurity measures to address the evolving threat landscape, ensuring the integrity and reliability of smart grid infrastructures.
Evaluation of Globalization in the Context of Energy
Authors: Madan Murat , Temiz Dilek , Nakip Mahir , Gökmen Aytaç
Published: August 2024

The policies followed by global powers in line with their own interests, especially since the 2010s, have shown the magnitude of the risk for economies united by the impact of globalization. Turkey could not remain isolated from what was happening in the world. There was a decrease in the purchasing power of the people due to high inflation, and it was partially less affected than other countries in terms of food and energy with the policies it followed. However, the very high rate of foreign dependency on energy remains a major risk for developing countries. Dependencies between economies, which are the peace-keeping aspects of globalization, are implemented by global powers as coercive steps and sanctions to get the other party to accept their demands without fighting. The unidirectional negative use of natural gas, which is a clear indicator of the dependencies between economies, by the marketing global powers and its becoming an instrument of power wars, necessitated the evaluation of the power wars in the context of energy and Turkey's sensitivity on this issue to be addressed. In this study, the globalization process and the policies followed by global powers are discussed, energy-related risks for Turkey were revealed, and suggestions were made by comparatively examining Turkey's potential, especially in terms of solar energy, which is one of the renewable energy sources, to reduce or eliminate these risks.
The Catalyst for Transformation in Education 5.0
Authors: Mahamarowi Noor Hafizah , Jamil Siti Nor Katijah Mohd , Leman Abdullah Pirus , Aruchunan Revathi
Published: August 2024

This study explores the role of education as a catalyst for transformation in different contexts, including future Education 5.0, STEM education, the workforce for the digital era, lifelong learning and continuous professional development, and entrepreneurship innovation through education. This study provides an overview of the transformation as well as the potential implications for future education. This study will give benefits to future innovation in teaching methods in improving the educational process for students and educators, the direction of personalized learning, global competence, and alignment with industry needs. Additional investigation is required to examine the ways in which digital humanities might progress, democratize information access, tackle issues of diversity and inclusivity, and consider the moral and societal ramifications of employing cutting-edge technologies in humanities study.
The Causality Between the Green Development and the Food Security Agendas in China
Authors: Ivolga Anna , Arskiy Alexander , Bogdanova Elena , Samygin Denis
Published: August 2024

Despite China's impressive success in increasing domestic agricultural production in recent decades, the country has yet to ensure self-sufficiency in some food staples. Against the backdrop of the increasing volatility of climate conditions, the degradation of agricultural land, and the depletion of water resources endanger the sustainable development not only of agriculture, but also of rural communities. China's efforts in building a so-called ecological civilization involve curbing greenhouse gas emissions and prioritizing principles of green development. While converging in understanding the need to sustain development, the food security and the green development doctrines differ in a way that increasing the agricultural output is hardly possible without aggravating anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems. In this chapter, the authors use the example of China trying to find common ground between ensuring food security for everyone and the important task of greening the agricultural sector.
Smart Transportation Systems
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2024

This chapter delves into the transformative potential of smart transportation systems (STS) within the context of sustainable urban mobility. As cities worldwide grapple with the dual challenges of rapid urbanization and environmental sustainability, STS emerge as a pivotal solution, harnessing the power of advanced technologies to optimize transportation efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and enhance urban liability. This chapter aims to dissect the components, functionalities, and benefits of STS, illustrating how they serve as the backbone of contemporary sustainable transportation practices. The chapter reviews the development and technological foundations of STS, emphasizing its key components and applications. It provides examples of STS applications in traffic management, public transport, logistics, and urban planning to illustrate their real impact. Overall, the chapter highlights the role of STS in shaping the future of urban transport, promoting sustainable mobility, and improving the quality of life in cities around the world.
End-of-Life Vehicle Management
Authors: Chibaro Munyaradzi , Chikwere David , Kanyepe James , Govere Ephraim
Published: August 2024

End-of-life vehicle management has become increasingly important in recent years. As the automotive industry grows, managing end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) becomes increasingly important. This chapter aims to explore how ELV management is becoming one of the most important environmental and economic subjects for eradicating poverty, improving health and well-being, and establishing sustainable cities and communities. Effective ELV management is crucial for environmental protection, a circular economy, and sustainability. The chapter will delve into the fundamental concepts of end-of-life vehicle management, factors affecting vehicle disposal and replacement, vehicle disposal and replacement models, vehicle disposal and replacement policies for sustainability. This chapter also seeks to give a study of ELV management in key automotive production bases and fleet management companies. The authors collected, categorized, examined, and analyzed studies published from 2000 to 2023. A critical review of the published literature is presented.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Improving Efficiency in Service and Implementing Best Practices in Service Marketing
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar
Published: August 2024

The transformative effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on service efficiency and the use of best practices in service marketing are examined in this study. The authors have given an overview of how AI technologies transform service delivery by enabling automated processes, dynamic pricing strategies, predictive analytics, and personalized customer experiences through an extensive analysis of the literature. Chatbots and virtual assistants powered by artificial intelligence (AI) improve customer service, while sentiment analysis technologies help with reputation management and consumer feedback analysis. Fairness, accountability, and openness are ensured by emphasizing ethical considerations and responsible AI deployment. Furthermore, it is noted that in order to utilize AI entirely in service marketing, interdisciplinary cooperation, and ongoing education are crucial. In addition to addressing ethical issues and the relevance of continual adaptation and collaboration, the chapter captures the value of AI in promoting efficiency, creativity, and customer-centricity in the service industries. This report offers guidance to companies looking to use AI to improve customer happiness and maintain competitiveness in a market that is becoming more digital and data-driven.
Prevalence, knowledge, factors preventing health seeking behavior related to menstrual problems among adolescent girls of age group 15-18 in a school of Borella educational division
Authors: Anantharajah Harishankar , Gunawardane Vinoli , Gunawardhane Gihan , Marasinghe Anoma
Published: August 2024

Background: Menstrual problems affect women, especially adolescent girls physically, mentally, socially, and psychologically. Though menstruation-related problems are commonly encountered, knowledge level and health-seeking behavior are found to be inadequate in other regional countries which are needed to face these problems successfully and confidently.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, the knowledge level, and identify potential reasons preventing adolescent girls from seeking health care for menstrual problems.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a girl’s school of Borella educational division which was selected randomly. A cluster sampling was employed within the school to form a core of study participants from grades 10, 11, 12, and 13. A self-administered questionnaire was used as the study tool.Results: The study proceeded with 115 participants who gave assent and parental consent. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, oligomenorrhea, and irregular menstruation was observed with respective percentages of 17.4%,20.2%, 15.7%, and 27.1%. Knowledge level was estimated to be good only among 36.52% but 60.0% of the students understand menstruation as a physiological process. The doctor’s gender (58.3%), feeling embarrassed about clinical examination (42.6%) and embarrassing private questions (35.7) were identified as the main reasons preventing seeking health care.Conclusion: Prevalence of all the menstrual problems obeyed the previous global, regional and local research findings. The knowledge level of the study population regarding menstrual problems was unsatisfactory among the majority of the study population.