bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Multi Poly-Genocchi Polynomials with Parameters a, b and c
Authors: Corcino Roberto Bagsarsa , Laurente Mark , Vega Mary Ann Ritzell
Published: July 2020

Most identities of Genocchi numbers and polynomials are related to the well-known Benoulli and Euler polynomials. In this paper, multi poly-Genocchi polynomials with parameters a, b and c are defined by means of multiple parameters polylogarithm. Several properties of these polynomials are established including some recurrence relations and explicit formulas.
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for the First Order Non-linear Differential Equations with Multi-point Boundary Conditions
Authors: Mardanov M.J. , Sharifov Y.A. , Aliyev Humbet , Sardarova R.A.
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the system of non-linear first order ordinary differential equations with multipoint boundary conditions. The Green function is constructed, and the problem is reduced to the equivalent integral equation. Existence and uniqueness of the solution to this problem is studied using the Banach contraction mapping principle and Schaeferâ€™s fixed point theorem.
Hyper Homomorphism and Hyper Product of Hyper UP-algebras
Authors: Amairanto Rohaima M. , Isla Rowena
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we investigate the concept of regular congruence relation on hyper UP-algebras and establish some homomorphism theorems on such algebras. We also examine the notion of hyper product of hyper UP-algebras.
A Unification of the Generalized Multiparameter Apostol-type Bernoulli, Euler, Fubini, and Genocchi Polynomials of Higher Order
Authors: Acala Nestor Gonzales
Published: July 2020

Most unifications of the classical or generalized Bernoulli, Euler, and Genocchi polynomials involve unifying any two or all of the three special types of polynomials (see, [1, 4, 9, 18, 19,21, 24â€“26, 30, 31]). In this paper, we introduce a new class of multiparameter Fubini-type gener-alized polynomials that unifies four families of higher order generalized Apostol-type polynomials such as the Apostol-Bernoulli, Apostol-Euler, Apostol-Genocchi, and Apostol-Fubini polynomials. Moreover, we obtain an explicit formula of these unified generalized polynomials in terms of the Gaussian hypergeometric function, and establish several symmetry identities.
Almost Bi-Î“-Ideals and Fuzzy Almost Bi-Î“-Ideals of Î“-Semigroups
Authors: Simuen Anusorn , Abdullah Saleem , Yonthanthum Winita , Chinram Ronnason
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we introduce the notions of almost bi-Î“-ideals and fuzzy almost bi-Î“-ideals of Î“-semigroups and give properties of them. Moreover, we investigate relationship between almost bi-Î“-ideals and fuzzy almost bi-Î“-ideals.
On Solvability of p- harmonic Type Equations in Grand Sobolev Spaces
Authors: Najafov Alik Malik , Alekberli Sain T
Published: July 2020

In this paper with the help of variational method existence and uniqueness of solution of p-harmonic type equations in grand Sobolev spaces is studied.
More on Perfect Roman Domination in Graphs
Authors: Paleta Leonard Mijares , Jamil Ferdinand Paler
Published: July 2020

A perfect Roman dominating function on a graph G = (V (G), E(G)) is a function f : V (G) â†’ {0, 1, 2} for which each u âˆˆ V (G) with f(u) = 0 is adjacent to exactly one vertex v âˆˆ V (G) with f(v) = 2. The weight of a perfect Roman dominating function f is the value Ï‰G(f) = PvâˆˆV (G) f(v). The perfect Roman domination number of G is the minimum weight of a perfect Roman dominating function on G. In this paper, we study the perfect Roman domination numbers of graphs under some binary operation
New Topology on Omega Algebra
Authors: Alqahtani Mesfer Hayyan , Ã–zel Cenap , Alshammari Ibtesam
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper is to define a new topology called omega topology over a new structure called omega algebra and discuss some of its topological properties. Four different examples of omega topology are introduced. Furthermore, we define a new topology over a semiring in conventional algebra and we study the relationship between omega topology and weaker kinds of normality.
Some Results on Blow-up Phenomenon for Nonlinear Porous Medium Equations with Weighted Source
Authors: Di Huafei , Chen Lin , Song Zefang
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with the blow-up phenomena for a type of nonlinear porous medium equations with weighted source ut âˆ’4um = a(x)f(u) subject to Dirichlet (or Neumann) boundary conditions. Based on the auxiliary functions and differential-integral inequalities, the blow-up criterions which ensure that u cannot exist all time are given under two different assumptions, and the corresponding estimates on the upper bounds for blow-up time and blow-up rate are derived respectively. Moreover, we use three different methods to determine the lower bounds for blow-up time and blow-up rate estimates if blow-up does occurs.
Gas transport at dense phase conditions for the development of deepwater fields in the Colombian Caribbean sea
Authors: Cabarcas Simancas Manuel , Rada Santiago Angélica María , Vargas Vera Brandon Humberto
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this article is to set out the benefits of using the dense phase gas transport in future projects in the Caribbean Sea and to verify that when operating pipelines at high pressures, more mass per unit of volume is transported, and liquid formation risks are mitigated in hostile environments and low temperatures.This study contains key data about gas production fields in deep and ultra-deep waters around the world, which serve as a basis for research and provide characteristics for each development to be contrasted with the subsea architecture proposed in this paper. Additionally, analogies are established between the target field (Gorgón-1, Kronos-1 and Purple Angel-1) and other offshore gas fields that have similar reservoir properties. Using geographic information systems, the layout of a gas pipeline and a subsea field architecture that starts in the new gas province is proposed.Finally, using a hydraulic simulation tool, the gas transport performance in dense phase is analyzed and compared with the conventional way of transporting gas by underwater pipelines, achieving up to 20 % in cost savings when dense phase is applied.
Pemaknaan Hidup Nelayan (Analisis Makro dan Mikro pada Kemiskinan Nelayan)
Authors: Wijaya Ahmad Burhan , Fauzie Akhmad
Published: July 2020

Kemiskinan nelayan merupakan isu besar karena kompleksitas faktor penyebabnya. Studi ini dilatarbelakangai studi sebelumnya tentang kemiskinan nelayan yang melalui meta analisis diketahui sebagai representasi sosial yang disebabkan oleh faktor internal dan eksternal yang kompleks. Studi ini merupakan studi lanjutan yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pemaknaan hidup nelayan miskin pada masyarakat nelayan di Desa Gisik Cemandi, Sedati, Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 2 orang nelayan. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa penggalian pemaknaan hidup sebagai nelayan miskin nampak pada dimensi-dimensi: pemahaman diri (self-insight), makna hidup (the meaning of life), pengubahan sikap (changing attitude), keikatan diri (self commitment), kegiatan terarah (directed activities) dan dukungan sosial (social support). Penggalian makna hidup melalui dimensi-dimensi tersebut membuat mereka cenderung mempertahankan pekerjaannya sebagai nelayan. Analisis pada sudut pandang makro dan mikro tentang kemiskinan nelayan yang bertahan dengan pekerjaaanya ini memberi gambaran bahwa pengetahuan sosial yang terbentuk, menyebar dan dimiliki bersama, telah menjadi akar bagi kemiskinan nelayan, baik pada level makro-komunitas maupun mikro-individual. Kemiskinan nelayan muncul, berkembang dan cenderung bertahan disebabkan adanya pengetahuan sosial yang dimiliki bersama. Kemiskinan  cenderung terus berulang sebagai sebuah siklus. Keseluruhan proses pada spiral kemiskinan masyarakat nelayan tersebut, terbentuk sebagai sebuah representasi sosial karena menyebarnya ilmu pengetahuan dalam dunia konsensual nelayan melalui interaksi dan komunikasi.
FORM-FOCUSED INSTRUCTION: ISOLATED OR INTEGRATED?
Authors: Abdulaziz Hussam
Published: July 2020

Research has shown that attracting foreign/second language (L2) learners’ attention to form in communicative-based classrooms will help them improve their accuracy. Form-Focused Instruction (FFI)- teaching the form of the language while the main focus of the instruction is still the meaning- seems to be the way to insert the form instruction into Communicative language teaching. This study investigates whether the L2 learners of English and English language teachers prefer the isolated or integrated FFI that are the two ways of attracting the learner’s attention to the form of the language in meaning-based activities. Language teaching has shifted from grammar-based instruction represented in grammar-translation method to meaning-based instruction represented in the Communicative Language Teaching, and then to the most recent phase where form and meaning are taught at the same time represented in FFI. The purpose of this work is to find out how the students want to learn the English grammar and then to match their preferences with those of their teachers. The results showed that both groups significantly preferred the integrated FFI over the isolated one.
Halaman Cover Depan
Authors: Agusta Ivanovich
Published: July 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.4.2.i-iii
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Kreditur Dalam Perjanjian Pembiayaan Konsumen
Authors: Agustina I Made Hendra
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis “bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi kreditur Lembaga Pembiayaan Konsumen setelah berlakunya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019 “. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif adalah penelitian hukum yang meletakkan hukum sebagai sebuah bangunan sistem norma. Dengan metode pendekatan: Pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach),   Pendekatan konspetual (conceptual approach), dan Pendekatan kasus (case approach).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan “bahwa bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi kreditur lembaga pembiayaan konsumen yang didalam perjanjian fidusianya tidak mencantumkan syarat materil dan syarat formil, maka kreditur  dapat mengajukan gugatan wanprestasi kepada debitur sebagaimana ditentukan dalam Pasal 1238 KUHPerdata yang menyatakan bahwa “si berutang adalah lalai apabila ia dengan surat perintah atau dengan akta sejenis itu telah dianyatakan lalai, atau demi perikatannya sendiri ialah jika ia menetapkan bahwa si berutang harus dianggap lalai dengan lewatnya waktu yang ditentukan”  yang salah satunya dapat menuntut denda dan ganti rugi.”
Jueces que dicen el derecho: Levene y Maier Reformadores de la justicia penal argentina
Authors: Mira Julieta
Published: July 2020

Ricardo Levene (h.) y Julio Maier se destacaron de forma simultánea como jueces, juristas y profesores de derecho penal, y fueron quienes en el siglo XX bregaron en la Argentina por la reforma del primer Código de Procedimientos en lo Criminal para la Justicia Federal, que habí­a sido promulgado en el año 1888. En este trabajo se presentan las trayectorias de ambos "reformadores" para hacer visible el impacto tanto de su experiencia comode la internacionalización en la gesta y la promoción de la transformación legislativa en materia penal a nivel local con su consecuente incidencia en la región latinoamericana. Se muestra, en particular, su apuesta por el derecho penal comparado y su circulación transnacional, tanto en su formación académica comoen el trabajo profesional asociado fuertemente a la reforma de la justicia penal. La metodologí­a de investigación es cualitativa, llevada a cabo por medio de entrevistas y el relevamiento de fuentes secundarias. En las conclusiones, se enfatiza el aporte de abordar las trayectorias de los expertos en derecho de modo de apreciar el impacto de la transnacionalización en la conformación de redes profesionales y la circulación de las ideas jurí­dicas, en este caso, en la constitución de los procesos de reforma procesal penal federal y la consecuente transformación del modelo de enjuiciamiento estatal.
Francisco Ayala y José Medina Echavarrí­a: entre el exilio y la sociologí­a latinoamericana
Authors: Escobar Luis Alberto
Published: July 2020

El trabajo se articula alrededor de las trayectorias de los exiliados españoles Francisco Ayala y José Medina Echavarrí­a en el periodo 1939-1949 en Latinoamérica, a fin de mostrar el papel que jugaron en la incorporación y/o relectura de algunos autores fundamentales de la tradición sociológica germánica y anglosajona, en particular de Karl Mannheim, Max Weber, Ferdinand Tí¶nnies y John Dewey. Siguiendo los intercambios de los sociólogos españoles, uno en México y otro en Buenos Aires, se destacan las continuidades de una relación a la distancia, así­ como el rol y las apuestas de ambos en la edición de libros y circulación dentro de los espacios académico-intelectuales, el campo editorial y cultural. Se observa, asimismo, una red vincular de correspondencias, aclimatación e incorporación de preocupaciones intelectuales y polí­ticas, de productos y proyectos de los sociólogos que va conformando un corredor entre México y Buenos Aires, y, a su vez, este se ramifica de acuerdo a los espacios y agentes con que uno y otro se relacionan. Entonces, desde estos trazos de las trayectorias intelectuales y su red vincular, se aborda el aporte de estos dos exiliados españoles en el proceso de renovación disciplinar de la sociologí­a en la región.
Derecho y justicia: práctica y hecho social. Entrevista a Lidia Casas Becerra
Authors: Casas Lidia , Delgado Mariela
Published: July 2020

Entrevista a Lidia Casas Becerra por Mariela Delgado
Rosana Pinheiro-Machado Mañana será más grande. Lo que pasó en Brasil y las posibles rutas de fuga para la actual crisis
Authors: Passi Livacic Gastón
Published: July 2020

Reseñadel libro de Rosana Pinheiro-Machado Mañana será más grande. Lo que pasó en Brasil y las posibles rutas de fuga para la actual crisis, Editorial Planeta, Sao Paulo, Brasil, 2019.
Hrvatska politička emigracija i Jugoslavija početkom osamdesetih godina. Pripreme za završni obračun
Authors: Dragišić Petar
Published: July 2020

U članku su prikazani osnovni elementi organizovanja i delovanja hrvatske političke emigracije početkom osamdesetih godina prošlog veka. Akcenat je stavljen na formiranje i delovanje dve najznačajnije organizacije hrvatske emigracije u tom periodu – Hrvatskog narodnog vijeća i Hrvatskog državotvornog pokreta. Izneti su detalji o načinima njihovog delovanja, a funkcionisanje hrvatske emigracije stavljeno je u širi međunarodni kontekst. Rad je nastao analizom sekundarnih izvora i neobjavljene arhivske građe.
What typological appelation is suitable for Tito's Yugoslavia: Response to Mihaljević and Miljan
Authors: Flere Sergej , Klanjšek Rudi
Published: July 2020

The main aim of the paper is to expose the counterfactual, scientifically unfounded and unscholarly statements by Mihaljević and Miljan in the paper “Was Tito’s Yugoslavia not Totalitarian?” We needed to treat the issues of (1) totalitarianism as a scholarly concept and a social construct, (2) the typological characterization of Tito’s Yugoslavia, where there is substantial agreement among scholars that consociation fits it; (3) the organization of security services in Yugoslavia of the period, (4) the role of the republics in conducting foreign policy, which increased steadily; (5) monetary policy and seigniorage which came about, of which our critics were completely unaware, (6) the issue of the political system’s dynamics (there were very substantial changes in the period 1945-1991) and (7) the issue of the political system’s legitimacy. We also noted a number of minor mistakes, errors, and omissions by the authors at issue. A general failure by the authors to achieve scientific objectivity and to master the notions necessary for analysis is found.
The Influence of France and Italy's (Central)European projects on Yugoslavia's Re-evaluation of regional pacts (1927–1933)
Authors: Mićić Srđan
Published: July 2020

This paper analyzes the impacts of the French and Italian plans for the political, military, and economic reorganization of European affairs on the Yugoslav reconsideration of regional pacts in national security policy and foreign policy, and the consequences of that reassessment on the Yugoslav standpoint toward the reorganizations of the Little Entente and its role in European affairs.
The Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moreno Antonio , Ongena Steven , Veghazy Alexia Ventula , Wagner Alexander F.
Published: July 2020

We sketch possible linkages between features of the 2008-2009 financial crisis and outcomes of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. We start from three features of the financial crisis, i.e. (1) costly bank bailouts, (2) constrained SME credit, and (3) strict bank regulation. We then discuss their intermediate outcomes in terms of: (1) sovereign debt accumulation and possible cuts in public health spending, (2) the slowing of economic growth and labour mobility; and (3) bank zombie lending, to arrive at the COVID-19 pandemic severity in terms of infection and death rates and the difficulties in designing and implementing economic support policies.
Market Risk Measurement
Authors: Lazar Emese , Zhang Ning
Published: July 2020

This chapter presents a preliminary analysis on how some market risk measures dramatically increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, with measures computed over longer horizons experiencing more pronounced effects. We provide examples when regulatory market risk measurement proved to be suboptimal, overestimating risk. A further issue was the large number of Value-at-Risk ‘exceptions’ during the first few months of the crisis, which normally leads to overinflated bank capital requirements. The current regulatory framework should address these problems by suggesting improvements to the calculation of risk measures and/or by modifying the rules which determine capital requirements to make them appropriate and realistic in crisis situations.
Will COVID-19 Change Oil Markets Forever?
Authors: Kalyuzhnova Yelena , Lee Julian
Published: July 2020

The oil market is experiencing unprecedented dislocations in 2020. The industry is trying to cope with the biggest slump in demand ever recorded, as governments around the world try to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Will oil demand return to a pre-pandemic ‘normal’, or will the outbreak hasten a peak in oil demand? Will patterns of oil consumption change and, if so, what pressures will that place on an industry already struggling to adapt to growing environmental concerns and a demand for carbon-free energy? The paper will explore the options.
Mergers and Acquisitions in the Years of COVID
Authors: Antypas Nikolaos
Published: July 2020

Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have been less frequent during crises. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global economic shock and a surge in uncertainty, depressing M&A activity to record low levels. The unpromising economic prospects, the persisting high valuations, and potential liquidity crunches will restrict acquisitions for the foreseeable future. Companies with large cash balances may perform opportunistic acquisitions when asset prices drop to attractive levels. Acquisition activity can be further affected by government actions, especially if governments discourage acquisitions to promote market competition.
The Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for Pensions
Authors: Sutcliffe Charles
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 and the lockdowns have had a big global economic effect, as well as increasing mortality. We examine the effects of COVID-19 and the resulting relaxations of pension regulations on pension schemes. Those who transfer their pension or withdraw cash from their pension pot while asset prices are depressed by COVID-19 are losers; as are members of defined benefit schemes with a deficit whose employer fails due to COVID-19. The increased mortality from COVID-19 will have a minimal effect on pensions. If economies recover to pre-COVID-19 levels, the long run effects on pensions should be small.
Insurance Risk Management During Pandemics
Authors: Ioannides Michalis
Published: July 2020

The insurance sector plays a key role in absorbing systemic risks under normal conditions and its role is particularly important in taking losses following a pandemic or natural catastrophe. Strong risk management and contingency planning frameworks have ensured that insurers and reinsurers are well capitalised to withstand the economic shock of a pandemic. An estimate of the current impact of the coronavirus puts losses at more than US $200 billion, half of which is attributed to general insurance business, and the other half is attributed to losses due to volatile investment markets.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK
Authors: Razzu Giovanni
Published: July 2020

Although the movement towards gender equality in the labour market has slowed in recent decades, a long-term view over the 20th century shows the significant narrowing of the gender employment gap in the UK, a result of the increases in women’s labour force participation and employment combined with falling attachment to the labour force among men. It is too early to assess with precision the extent to which these patterns will be affected by the Covid-19 pandemic but emerging evidence and informed speculation do suggest that there will be important distributional consequences. Various studies, produced at an unprecedented rate, are pointing out that the effects of Covid-19 are not felt equally across the population; on the contrary labour market inequalities appear to be growing in some dimensions and there are reasons to believe that they will grow more substantially in the medium term.
Travel and Tourism
Authors: Palmer Adrian
Published: July 2020

The travel and tourism sector was hit more rapidly and deeply by COVID-19 than most other sectors. Recovery to pre-COVID-19 activity levels is likely to be prolonged, and questions are raised whether enforced change in consumer behaviour will have long-term effects. The travel and tourism sector has a history of reinventing itself, and previous predictions of decline following crises have often been short-lived. This chapter reviews historical precedents and theories of consumer behaviour to explore whether recovery will be different this time round, especially given the possible habit breaking effects of online substitutes, and political expediency of reducing causes of climate change.
New Books on Transport and Transportation
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: July 2020

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Love and Jihad. Female Trajectories from North Caucasus to the Islamic State
Authors: Sokolov Denis
Published: July 2020

In the 2000s, Al-Qaeda, represented by the Caucasus Emirate, took over the first Chechen resistance, as well as local Islamist armed groups in Dagestan and other republics of the North Caucasus. However, a decade later, the Islamic State won the competition with Al-Qaeda, by including the involvement of women in its project. Hundreds of Russian-speaking Muslim women followed men to live by the rules of Islam. Some joined their husbands or children. Others travelled to the Islamic State in pursuit of love and romance with future husbands they had met on the internet. Based on exclusive interviews done with women detained in the Roj detention camp in the Kurdish territories in northeastern Syria near the Iraqi border, this article analyzes some of the trajectories that has pushed young North Caucasian women to the Syrian war theater in the name of love.
Die assyrische Deportationspolitik unter Sargon II und die Midianiternot im Richterbuch
Authors: Staszak Martin
Published: July 2020

This article assumes that the so called misery that Midian brought to Israel (Jdg 6:1–6) refers to the activities of deported Arabs who were settled in Samaria by the Assyrian king Sargon II in 715 BCE, in order to pacify the Arabs. Assyrian texts show that the Assyrian empire had to struggle both with raids by Arabs against cities and their inhabitants and with difficulties caused by deported people. A probably multilayered pre-deuteronomistic redaction (ca. 700) that formed a cycle of narratives (Ehud, Deborah and Baraq, Gideon) transfered a local problem to the whole country of Israel and called the Arabs Midianites because of their common origin in Northern Arabia. It is possible that the Assyrians tolerated the raids by the Arabs in order to suppress the defeated Samarian population and to garner some profit from the Arabs.
„JHWH kennt den Weg von Gerechten“ (Ps 1,6)
Authors: Janowski Bernd
Published: July 2020

Es gibt im alttestamentlichen Hebräisch kein Äquivalent für den Begriff „Anerkennung“, aber zahlreiche Verben und Nomina, die dem mit diesem Begriff gemeinten Sachverhalt nahekommen. Nach einer Analyse von Ps 1,6 (Anerkennung durch Gott) und Ps 41,2 (Anerkennung durch den anderen) wendet sich der Beitrag zum einen der alttestamentlichen Semantik der Anerkennung (kognitive, ethische, rechtliche Aspekte) und zum anderen den Formen der Missachtung (Entrechtung, Entehrung, Beschämung) zu. Exkurse zur „Aufmerksamkeit Gottes in ägyptischen Texten“ und zur „Missachtung in mesopotamischen Texten“ vervollständigen das Bild.
The Failed Jewish Reform at the Time of Antiochus IV. and Paul’s Missionary Strategy
Authors: Gaß Erasmus
Published: July 2020

The reform at the time of Antiochus IV. Epiphanes was a serious intervention in the religious system of the Jews. Though being judged as anachronistic and archaic from the outside, the Jewish identity markers could not be given up at that time since they were theologically loaded. Paul and the emerging Christian communities took over the Seleucid-Maccabean challenge and sustainably reformed the Jewish identity markers. Circumcision was good for Jews, but irrelevant for Gentile believers. The abomination of swine was no longer useful since purity had to be understood in an ethical sense. Last but not least, the Sabbath commandment was accepted because this rule was explained by creation theology and, thus, had social implications. The requirements of the failed reform at the time of Antiochus worked about 200 years later, in a different context (Syria) and in an eschatological setting (imminent parousia).
Dialectics of Time and Space in American Indian Women’s Writings
Authors: Shafiq Qasim , Murtaza2 Dr. Ghulam , Qazi Asma Haseeb
Published: July 2020

This study new-historically explores the dialectics of time and space in American Indian women’s writings to explain American Indians’ awareness of and attachment to their surrounding nature and its expression in the contemporary American Indian tribal life. With delimited focus on Louise Erdrich’s Tracks (1988) and Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony (1977), this article analyzes American Indian approach to time and space reflecting Natives’ awareness of their surrounding place. Mythical stories of oral tradition inscribed in Tracks and Ceremony recreate American Indian timeless and macrocosmic realities. American Indian women writers have been selected owing to the matriarchal nature of American Indian social order wherein women have been the conscious carriers of their timeless oral tradition. The two selected novels of different settings express the cultural range of American Indian tribal belt from Canadian border (Tracks’ setting) to Mexican border (Ceremony’s setting). This range is evidence of the synchronic and diachronic integrations and distinctions of American Indian past, present and future.
Sustaining rules: a model and application
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

I introduce an account of when a rule normatively sustains a practice. My basic proposal is that a rule normatively sustains a practice when the value achieved by following the rule explains why agents continue following that rule, thus establishing and sustaining a pattern of activity. I apply this model to practices of belief management and identify a substantive normative connection between knowledge and belief.
LINC00643 is differentially expressed in the brains of patients with Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2020

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia (1). We mined published and public microarray datasets (2, 3) to identify genes whose expression was most different in the substantial nigra of patients with PD as compared to that of non-affected patients. We identified significant changes in expression of the gene encoding the long intergenic non-coding RNA LINC00643 in the substantia nigra of patients with PD.
Selfless Assertions: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

It is increasingly recognized that knowledge is the norm of assertion. As this view has gained popularity, it has also garnered criticism. One widely discussed criticism involves thought experiments about “selfless assertion.” Selfless assertions are said to be intuitively compelling examples where agents should assert propositions that they don’t even believe and, hence, don’t know. This result is then taken to show that knowledge is not the norm of assertion. This paper reports four experiments demonstrating that “selfless assertors” are viewed as both believing and knowing the propositions they assert: this is the natural and intuitive way of interpreting the case. Thought experiments about selfless assertions do not threaten the knowledge account and they do not motivate weaker alternative accounts. The discussion also highlights a general lesson for philosophers: thought experiments intended to probe for mental state attributions should not conflict with basic principles that guide social cognition.
The Truth about Lying
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

The standard view in social science and philosophy is that lying does not require the liar’s assertion to be false, only that the liar believes it to be false. We conducted three experiments to test whether lying requires falsity. Overall, the results suggest that it does. We discuss some implications for social scientists working on social judgments, research on lie detection, and public moral discourse.
Stress, rigidity and sediment strength control megathrust earthquake and tsunami dynamics
Authors: Ulrich Thomas , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , Madden Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

Megathrust faults host the largest earthquakes on Earth which can trigger cascading hazards such as devastating tsunamis.Determining characteristics that control subduction zone earthquake and tsunami dynamics is critical to mitigate megathrust hazards, but is impeded by structural complexity, large spatio-temporal scales, and scarce or asymmetric instrumental coverage.Here we show that tsunamigenesis and earthquake dynamics are controlled by along-arc variability in regional tectonic stresses together with depth-dependent variations in rigidity and yield strength of near-fault sediments. We aim to identify dominant regional factors controlling megathrust hazards. To this end, we demonstrate how to unify and verify the required initial conditions for geometrically complex, multi-physics earthquake-tsunami modeling from interdisciplinary geophysical observations. We present large-scale computational models of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami that reconcile near- and far-field seismic, geodetic, geological, and tsunami observations and reveal tsunamigenic trade-offs between slip to the trench, splay faulting, and bulk yielding of the accretionary wedge.Our computational capabilities render possible the incorporation of present and emerging high-resolution observations into dynamic-rupture-tsunami models. Our findings highlight the importance of regional-scale structural heterogeneity to decipher megathrust hazards.
Assertion and Assurance: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

I report three experiments relevant to evaluating Krista Lawlor's theory of assurance, respond to her criticism of the knowledge account of assertion, and propose an alternative theory of assurance.
Knowledge, Certainty and Assertion
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Researchers have debated whether knowledge or certainty is a better candidate for the norm of assertion. Should you make an assertion only if you know it's true? Or should you make an assertion only if you're certain it's true? If either knowledge or certainty is a better candidate, then this will likely have detectable behavioral consequences. I report an experiment that tests for relevant behavioral consequences. The results support the view that assertability is more closely linked to knowledge than to certainty. In multiple scenarios, people were much more willing to allow assertability and certainty to come apart than to allow assertability and knowledge to come apart.
The Problem of ESEE Knowledge
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Traditionally it has been thought that the moral valence of a proposition is, strictly speaking, irrelevant to whether someone knows that the proposition is true, and thus irrelevant to the truth-value of a knowledge ascription. On this view, it’s no easier to know, for example, that a bad thing will happen than that a good thing will happen (other things being equal). But a series of very surprising recent experiments suggest that this is actually not how we view knowledge. On the contrary, people are much more willing to ascribe knowledge of a bad outcome. This is known as the epistemic side-effect effect (ESEE), and is a specific instance of a widely documented phenomenon, the side-effect effect (a.k.a. “the Knobe effect”), which is the most famous finding in experimental philosophy. In this paper, I report a new series of five experiments on ESEE, and in the process accomplish three things. First, I confirm earlier findings on the effect. Second, I show that the effect is virtually unlimited. Third, I introduce a new technique for detecting the effect, which potentially enhances its theoretical significance. In particular, my findings make it more likely that the effect genuinely reflects the way we think about and ascribe knowledge, rather than being the result of a performance error.
Epistemic situationism and cognitive ability
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Leading virtue epistemologists defend the view that knowledge must proceed from intellectual virtue and they understand virtues either as refned character traits cultivated by the agent over time through deliberate effort, or as reliable cognitive abilities. Philosophical situationists argue that results from empirical psychology should make us doubt that we have either sort of epistemic virtue, thereby discrediting virtue epistemologyâ€™s empirical adequacy. I evaluate this situationist challenge and outline a successor to virtue epistemology: abilism . Abilism delivers all the main benefts of virtue epistemology and is as empirically adequate as any theory in philosophy or the social sciences could hope to be.
Real-time Associations between Young Adults’ Momentary Pain and Prescription Opioid Misuse Intentions in Daily Life
Authors: Papp Lauren , Kouros Chrystyna D , Curtin John Joseph
Published: July 2020

This study identified young-adult participants’ pain experiences as a real-time predictor of intentions to misuse prescription opioids in daily life. The associations were stronger for females than males, and among participants who reported lower levels of problematic alcohol use. The results provide novel information about the pain – opioid misuse connection during an age period that sets the foundation for later adult health.
Six of one, half dozen of the other: Suboptimal prioritizing for equal and unequal alternatives
Authors: James Warren , Hunt Amelia R. , Clarke Alasdair D F
Published: July 2020

It is possible to accomplish multiple goals when available resources are abundant, but when the tasks are difficult and resources are limited, it is better to focus on one task and complete it successfully than to divide your efforts and fail on both. Previous research has shown that people rarely apply this logic when faced with prioritizing dilemmas. The pairs of tasks in previous research had equal utility, which according to some models, can disrupt decision-making. We investigated whether the equivalence of two tasks contributes to suboptimal decisions about how to prioritize them. If so, removing or manipulating the arbitrary nature of the decision between options should facilitate optimal decisions about whether to focus effort on one goal or divide effort over two. Across all three experiments, however, participants did not appropriately adjust their decisions with task difficulty. The only condition in which participants adopted a strategy that approached optimal was when they had voluntarily placed more reward on one task over the other. For the task that was more rewarded, choices were modified more effectively with task difficulty. However, participants were more likely to choose to distribute rewards equally than unequally. The results demonstrate that situations involving choices between options with equal utility are not avoided, and are even slightly preferred over unequal options, despite unequal options having larger potential gains and leading to more effective prioritizing strategies.
Post-print: Mindfulness for Psychosis Groups; Description and preliminary evaluation of a novel routine care pathway in Hong Kong
Authors: Ting KT , Tam Wendy , Jacobsen Pamela Charlotte
Published: July 2020

There is no current guidance on where Mindfulness for Psychosis groups should best be situated within care pathways. The objectives of this paper are to 1) describe a novel care pathway tested out in a psychiatric outpatient service in Hong Kong, and 2) to present feasibility outcomes on attendance and drop-out, and routine clinical outcomes.
Exploring the Facets of Emotional Episodic Memory: Remembering ‘What’, ‘When’, and ‘Which’
Authors: Palombo Daniela , Te Alessandra , Checknita Katherine , Madan Christopher R
Published: July 2020

Our memories can differ in quality from one event to the next and emotion is one important explanatory factor. Still, the manner in which emotion impacts episodic memory is complex: Whereas emotion enhances some aspects of episodic memory—particularly central aspects—it dampens memory for peripheral/contextual information. Extending this work, we examined the effects of emotion on one often overlooked aspect of memory, namely temporal context. We tested whether emotion would impair memory for “when” an event occurred. Participants (N = 116) watched videos, wherein negative and neutral images were inserted. Consistent with prior work, emotion enhanced and impaired memory, respectively, for “what” and “which”. Unexpectedly, emotion was associated with enhanced accuracy for “when,” here we found that participants estimated neutral images occurred relatively later, but there was no such bias for negative images. By examining multiple features of episodic memory, we provide a holistic characterization of the myriad effects of emotion.
Editors' Remarks Vol.10(1)
Authors: Adhikari H.C.
Published: July 2020

It is a matter of great joy for the members of Department of English Mahendra Multiple Campus Dharan that is has been again successful in bringing out 12th issue (vol. 10, No. 1) of JODEM, Journal of Department of English MMC, Dharan. Ever since its first publication, it has come a long way and been successful in enhancing the quality and standard of the journal because of the incessant efforts made by its members. It is hoped that the Department will certainly continue the publication of the journal in the years ahead.

The present issue contains twelve peer reviewed articles. These articles have been contributed not only by the Department members of MMC but also by members who come from other campuses. The articles are based on feminism, gender study, cultural study, ecocriticism, study of language / linguistics and the study of diaspora. The genres these writers have made use of are fiction, non-fiction, poetry and linguistics.
Exploration of Gender Role in Bisheswar Prasad Koirala's Tinghumti
Authors: Bista Asmita
Published: July 2020

Bisheshwar Prasad Koirala’s novel Tinghumti is always tempting for the reader as it still reflects the relevant picture of Nepali society. In this novel the characters defy as well as define the gender roles. Influenced with revolutionary thought they defy the prescribed gender roles; but chained in age old thought they, time and again, define the traditional gender role. This article aims to identify the reasons that drive these characters to defy and define the traditional gender roles. For that Judith Butler’s and Connell’s idea of gender theory has been used. The significance of this study is to contribute a different perspective for the reader to see the novel Tinghumti showing that traditional gender roles are meddled and confirmed in it. The study concludes that in the novel, the characters defy as well as define the socially prescribed gender role because gender is socio-political construction that achieves legitimacy and naturality via perpetual observation and repetition.
Highsmith's The Price of Salt: A Harbinger of Homosexual's Happiness
Authors: Pokharel Bhawana
Published: July 2020

Patricia Highsmith’s The Price of Salt embodies homosexual relationship between its female characters namely Therese and Carole. In doing so, it presents a resistance to the contemporary heterosexual society which accepts only heterosexuality as its sexual norm. The article argues that the character’s rejection of the traditional mode  of heterosexual relationship is in order to search for their lesbian self though that is taken as a deviation in the society; and so it faces various challenges. However, the characters together overcome the obstacles laid down by the society and move forward to finding freedom as well as establishing a new path which is taken as an unconventional practice in the then society; in turn, it proves to be the harbinger of hope and happiness for their kind. To substantiate this claim, the article draws from Lillian Faderman, Adrienne Rich, Judith Butler and Helen Boyd for the different aspects of lesbianism and queer theory they present. Similarly, the article is a descriptive, interpretive and analytical reading of the novel on the basis of the ideas based on the above mentioned scholars.
Transformation of the Feminine Self in Yogamāyā
Authors: Mishra Indira Acharya
Published: July 2020

This article aims to analyze the struggle of Yogamaya, the lead female character of the novel Yogamāyā, by Neelam Karki Niharika. The novel based on the real life story of a rebel, Yogamaya, chronicles the incidents of her life that triggered her to cast off her feminine self and rebel for the establishment of a just society based on equity. The article examines those factors that force Yogamaya to rebel against the existing society and the process of her rebellion drawing insights form Helen Cixous and other feminists who find patriarchal gender roles based on binary opposition as oppressive, and suggest that women should act beyond gender binary and subvert the patriarchal norms and values that restrict them in every walk of their lives. I use transliteration and free translation while citing from the novel in the analysis. The finding of the article suggests that a number of factors instigate Yogamaya cast of her feminine self and emerge as a rebel. It helps to understand how Yogamaya subverts patriarchy within its bound exposing the inherent biasness in it.
Constructing the Discourse of Marginalised Ethnic Community in Rai's Fire Cares not its Birthday Anniversary
Authors: Rai Jiwan Kumar
Published: July 2020

The decade of 2010s is very crucial in literary creation, particularly poetry writing in Nepali literature because the trend of writing shifted to the representation of marginalised people and their “culture as whole way of life” (qtd in During 2).  Mainly the indigenous poets are concerned to the issues of marginalised indigenous people. Bhupal Rai's collection of poem Fire Cares not Its Birthday Anniversary falls in the same trend that deconstructs the cultural discourses of the state power and reconstructs the discourse of the indigenous people. In this context, this study aims to find out the issues of cultural discourses in the poems that the poet resists against and reconstructs a new body of knowledge, i.e. a counter discourse of marginalized. In the same way, it attempts to unfold how he resists against the existing body of cultural discourses and reconstructs the discourses from the perspective of marginalised people. Similarly, this study aims to analyses the logical reasons of redefining and reconstructing the existed ruling groups' body of knowledge. The interpretive method has been used to analyses the texts. For this, Foucault's concept of power/discourse has been applied as a theoretical tool. This research article gives the insights to see the interwoven power relations in social practices and construction of knowledge.
Environmental Role in Shaping Recollection
Authors: Bhandari Krishna Prasad
Published: July 2020

The core concern of this article is to unravel the underlying mystery of mental activities; it reveals how a writer tends to weave his thoughts and memories. The article aims at dealing with the bases of writer’s reasons and recollections appeared in journal. The analysis as such becomes significant to synchronize, acknowledge and recognize the basic causes behind the seemingly scattered and deviated thoughts but coherently correlated concepts of the writer. In order to achieve such importance and objective of this study, this qualitative research has implemented an outlook the nature / culture ambivalent aspect of the broad perspective, ecocriticism on shaping one’s perception as a tool. And the model text to be analyzed is “Reminiscences of a Journey to Greece” a journal prepared by Govinda Raj Bhattarai. After the investigation into this journal, the exploration elucidates that one’s encounter with the environment becomes the generator and stimulator of mental matters memoirs, concepts, ideas and emotions. Therefore, the key conclusion of this analysis is that one cannot generate ideas in the void or absence of context rather the external world becomes the bedrock to beget inner world the conceptions of the creator in journal.
The Ergative Morphosyntax in Danuwar
Authors: Chaudhary Mahesh Kumar
Published: July 2020

This article is an attempt to analyse ergativity in Danuwar clauses. It is organized into four sections. First section provides the theoretical background where attempts are made to explain the concept of ergativity. The next section deals with the morphology of ergativity in Danuwar. Then after, efforts are made to analyse the syntax of ergativity in the language in terms of constituent order, transitivity, verb agreement, control site, case demotion, and coordinate construction. Finally, the main findings of the paper are summarized.
Phonology: Tool for Poetic Analysis
Authors: Tumbahang Mohan Kumar
Published: July 2020

This article aims to focus on how the linguistic sound patterns can be a significant tool in literary analysis specifically in the analysis of the literary genre poetry. It attempts to discuss about the crucial points for successful poetic analysis through linguistic sounds which is technically termed as phonemes. To deal with this issue, the article writer has formed a mindset to avail the qualitative research method or the study is based on non-numerical data. The method being the qualitative one, the library consultation and empirical insight are a must. It is fairly expected that the article can be of certain help to the language learners, language teachers, critics, course designers and planners of teaching materials. The article has drawn the conclusion that phonology can be significant means for interpreting the poetic text. The poetic texts/discourses can be analyzed in terms of the frequency of certain sounds’ recurrence. In other words, prosody, tone (author’s attitude), and verse types can be analyzed through the linguistic sound pattern.