bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الفلسفة والتصوف في فكر حجة الإسلام أبي حامد الغزالي
Authors: Ali Isa Abdullah
Published: March 2018

This article attempts to explain the efforts of Abu Hamid al Ghazali in bringing together two poles; philosophy and taṣawwuf, between reason and revelation, between spiritual and intellectual. This is the widely misunderstood by many researchers; the allegations that al-Ghazali is the estuary of stagnancy of progressive thinking is a hasty and reckless accusation. In this article, the author finds that al Ghazali's philosophical passion has begun since he was very young; much of al Ghazali's work is a testament to this. Then, although shifted to the realm of taṣawwuf, the influence of philosophy is still very subtle in the rhetoric of his writings. The depth of Ghazali's knowledge in Fiqh Shafi'i becomes another proof of the combination of reason and revelation in Ghazali's thoughts coupled with the Ash'ariyya school which he purports as his theological foundation.  Keywords:Abu Hamid al Ghazali, Taṣawwuf, Philosophy
Climate Change and Food Insecurity Dynamics in the Rural Limpopo Province of South Africa
Authors: Omotayo Abiodun Olusola
Published: March 2018

In the developing nations of the world, poor gross domestic product growth has shown serious vacuum to be filled in order to achieve the sustainable development goals. In that regard, this research article intends to contribute to the sustainable development goals of the United Nation’s goal by explaining the rural food insecurity in the light of climate change dynamic in some selected rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The data employed in the study were collected from 120 randomly selected rural household heads. Data were analysed with descriptive (frequency, mean etc.) and inferential statistics (Principal component Analysis (PCA), Tobit and Probit Regression) which were properly fitted (P<0.05) for the set research objectives. Descriptive results indicate that the average age of the respondents was 52 years with 60% of the household heads being married and a mean household size of 5.The study concluded that there is climate change effect and food insecurity in the study area and therefore recommended among others that the government of South Africa should endeavour to implement a more rural focused food securityclimate change policies in order to relieve the intensity of food insecurity situations among these disadvantaged rural dwellers of the province as well as to entrench a policy of long term development of agriculture. Finally, the study emphasized that the rural farming households should be enlightened through proper extension services to carry out climate change adaptation and mitigation measures in alleviating the food insecurity situation in the rural communities of the province.
Corporate Governance and Financial Distress in the Banking Industry: Nigerian Experience
Authors: John Ayoola Tajudeen , Ogechukwu Obokoh Lawrence
Published: March 2018

The study investigates the effect of corporate governance on financial distress in the Nigerian banking industry and examines the discriminatory power of corporate governance mechanism of the board, audit committee, executive management and auditor in one model for financial distress prediction. Secondary data obtained from annual financial statements of twenty banks between 2005 and 2015 were used for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and generalized quantile regression model. The empirical evidence from the study suggests that financially distressed banks are characterized by large board size with members who may not be well versed in banking complexities, chairmen and CEOs with significant shareholding both individually and collectively. Furthermore, the evidence also shows that distressed banks suffer major decline in customer deposits despite increase in size. The study concludes that financial distress can be caused by poor corporate governance mechanism.
Food Insecurity and the Rising Urbanisation in Africa: Can ICT Revolution Bridge the GAP?
Authors: Oluwatayo Isaac B. , Ojo Ayodeji O.
Published: March 2018

The task of reducing food insecurity in Africa is very challenging. This is because of the changing conditions such as adverse climate change impacts. This study examined food insecurity, urbanisation and ICT in Africa.  The paper employed a combination of both secondary and historical information obtained from different sources (UNHCR, FAO, Mo Ibrahim Foundation etc). Analytical method used include descriptive statistics such as charts. Food security indices in Africa is alarming and disturbing. One in four people in Africa do not have access to food in adequate quantities and one in five African children are underweight. African agriculture is rendered unattractive by low productivity hence the exodus of labour from rural to urban areas. Africa is the most rapidly urbanising continent in the world with enabling factors comprising of infrastructure deficits in rural areas, dearth of employment opportunities and glamour of city life. However, Africa’s urban centres are not immune to the challenges inducing rural-urban migration in the first place. In fact, youth unemployment in Africa is 6 times higher in urban areas than in rural areas. About 72percent of urban dwellers live in slums with the most of them having no access to basic amenities. These culminated in what is regarded in literature as ‘urbanisation of poverty’. Migrants are generally scapegoated as the causes of crimes, violence and even unemployment in urban areas. Therefore, they are subjected to sub-human living conditions. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is particularly critical to the achievement of food security in Africa. This is because of the huge gap between markets and farmers which it is capable of filling. The paper therefore recommends increased but monitored investments in infrastructure in Africa in order to make rural areas more attractive and discourage rural-urban migration. There is also the need to provide favourable micro and macro-environment for businesses to grow especially in rural Africa.
Native Oxyntomodulin Has Significant Glucoregulatory Effects Independent of Weight Loss in Obese Humans With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shankar Sudha S. , Shankar R. Ravi , Mixson Lori A. , Miller Deborah L. , Pramanik Barnali , O’Dowd Amy K. , Williams Donna M. , Frederick Clay B. , Beals Chan R. , Stoch S. Aubrey , Steinberg Helmut O. , Kelley David E.
Published: March 2018

Oxyntomodulin (OXM), an enteroendocrine hormone, causes appetite suppression, increased energy expenditure, and weight loss in obese humans via activation of GLP-1 and glucagon receptors. However, the effects of OXM on glucose homeostasis remain ill defined. To address this gap, we evaluated the effects of an i.v. infusion of native OXM on insulin secretion rates (ISRs) and glycemic excursion in a graded glucose infusion (GGI) procedure in two separate randomized, placebo (PBO)-controlled, single-dose crossover trials in 12 overweight and obese subjects without diabetes and in 12 obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using the GLP-1 analog liraglutide (LIRA) as a comparator in T2DM. In both groups, in the GGI, 3.0 pmol/kg/min of OXM significantly increased ISR and blunted glycemic excursion relative to PBO. In T2DM, the effects of OXM were comparable to those of LIRA, including restoration of β-cell glucose responsiveness to that of nonobese subjects without diabetes. Our findings indicate that native OXM significantly augments glucose-dependent insulin secretion acutely in obese subjects with and without diabetes, with effects comparable to pharmacologic GLP-1 receptor activation and independent of weight loss. Native OXM has potential to improve hyperglycemia via complementary and independent induction of insulin secretion and weight loss.
Struktur Lapisan Pemahaman Konsep Turunan Fungsi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Matematika
Authors: Sagala Viktor
Published: March 2018

Prospective mathematics teachers should have met the Pirie-Kieren model of understanding indicators, to become professional teachers. The purpose of this research is to describe the layers of understanding structure that is filled by students of mathematics teacher prospectives. The description is based on a model hypothesized by Pirie-Kieren. Research subjects selected from female and male mathematics teacher prospective students have been given the task of understanding the concept of derivative functions and interviewed. Data collected from students’ answers from worksheets before the interview, students’ answers from worksheets during interviews, and interview transcripts. After the data were analyzed qualitatively, the description of the understanding layer structure of two subjects grouped by the original Pirie-Kieren Model was obtained. The subjects of female had met the indicators of primitive knowing, then there are the processes of image doing and image reviewing on the layer structure of image making towards image having, then image seeing and image saying on the layer of image having to property noticing, then there are the processes of property predicting and property recording on the layer of property noticing towards formalizing, then there are the processes of method applying and method justifying on the layer of formalizing  towards observing, then there are the processes of future identifying and feature prescribing on  the layer of observing towards structuring, and there are the prosesses of theorem conjecturing and theorem proving on the layer of structuring towards inventising. She almost fulfilled the inventising layer. Male subjects also meet the same understanding indicators as women. Both subjects have almost fulfilled a layer of creation, we called inventisingoid
Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Model Ideal Problem Solving dalam Aspek Grammatical dan Sosiolinguistik
Authors: Nayazik Akhmad , Wahyuni Arie
Published: March 2018

The importance of learning mathematics can not be separated from its role in all aspects of everyday life. Communicating ideas using language and mathematical notation is even more practical, systematic, and efficient. Recognizing the importance of mathematical communication skills then as a prospective educator should seek learning that can provide opportunities and encourage students to trained the ability of mathematical communication. Indicator of mathematical communication ability in this research include grammatical ability (K1) and sociolinguistic ability (K2). The subject of high school mathematics curriculum is a compulsory course that must be taken, because it will be discussed about the subject matter of school math and various models. One of the learning model that meets the indicator of mathematical communication ability is IDEAL Problem Solving model.This study aims to improve the ability of mathematical communication in grammatical and sociolinguistic aspects. The type of research used is classroom action research based on Stephen Kemmi and Robin Mc Taggart models. From the result of the research, it is found that the application of IDEAL Problem Solving model of high school mathematics curriculum can improve mathematical communication ability in grammatical (K1) and sociolinguistic (K2) aspect. The percentage of grammatical aspect (K1) increased from 78% to 89% and sociolinguistic aspects (K2) increased from 81% to 89%.
Dekomposisi Genetik tentang Hambatan Mahasiswa dalam Menerapkan Sifat-sifat Turunan
Authors: Widada Wahyu , Herawaty Dewi
Published: March 2018

Limit was to basic concept of derivative. The results of previous research found that learners have obstacles in understanding the limit function, consequently, the occurrence of difficulties and mistakes learners understand the concept and derived principles. This study aims to determine the obstacles of learners in applying derived properties. The approach of this research is qualitative by applying task-based interview with subject of 10 students selected by certain condition from 70 students in Mathematics Education Study Program of University of Bengkulu. The researcher is the main instrument in this research which is guided by the interview sheet and duty sheet. Data analysis was performed by genetic decomposition analysis. The results of this study indicate that the barriers of learners in applying analytic concepts and properties analytically include, the tangent line almost parallel to the y-axis, the break point (cusp) at x = -4, the second derivative, the extreme point, the emergence of contradictions, asymptotes flat, and do not understand conceptually. To overcome the obstacles of learners in understanding the concept and the nature of derivatives and its application, it is suggested to apply the mathematics learning model based on the extended triad++.
Isolasi Klebsiella Sp. Pada Sapi Bali Berdasarkan Tingkat Kedewasaan Dan Lokasi pemeliharaan Serta Pola Kepekaan Terhadap Antibakteri
Authors: Ramaditya Nyoman Anandiya , Tono PG Ketut , Suarjana I Gusti Ketut , Besung I Nengah Kerta
Published: March 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian jumlah isolat bakteri Klebsiella sp. pada sapi bali ditinjau dari tingkat kedewasaan dan lokasi pemeliharaannya, serta pola kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika ampisilin, sulfametoksasol dan oksitetrasiklin. Sebanyak 120 usapan hidung sapi bali yang terdiri dari sapi pedet, dara, dan dewasa yang dipelihara pada dataran tinggi dan rendah digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian. Sampel usapan hidung yang didapat dilakukan isolasi dan identifikasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji kepekaan. Ditemukan bakteri Klebsiella Sp. pada sapi pedet berjumlah sembilan isolat (45%), sapi dara enam isolat (30%), dan sapi dewasa lima isolat (25%). Pada dataran rendah ditemukan 13 (65%) isolat dan dataran tinggi berjumlah tujuh isolat (35%). Pada uji kepekaan didapatkan hasil antibiotika ampisilin semua isolat sensitif (100%). Sulfametoksasol resisten empat isolat (20%), intermediate dua isolat (10%), dan sensitif 14 isolat (70%). Oksitetrasiklin isolat yang resisten berjumlah tujuh isolat (35%), intermediate dua isolat (10%), dan sensitif 11 isolat (55%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan tingkat kedewasaan dan lokasi pemeliharaan sapi bali dapat mempengaruhi perbedaan sebaran bakteri Klebsiella sp.
Bakteri Coliform dan Non Coliform yang Diisolasi dari Saluran Pernapasan Sapi Bali
Authors: Wiliantari Putri , Besung I Nengah Kerta , Tono PG Ketut
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bakteri coliform dan non coliform pada saluran pernapasan sapi bali yang dipelihara di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi. Sampel diambil pada sapi pedet, dara, dan dewasa sebanyak 36 sampel, kemudian ditumbuhkan pada media Salmonella Shigella Agar dengan metode sebar. Data jumlah koloni coliform dan non coliform dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah bakteri coliform pada sapi bali di dataran tinggi sebanyak 1287,96 Colony Forming Unit/g dan di dataran rendah sebanyak 643,9798 CFU/g dan bakteri non coliform pada dataran tinggi sebanyak 162,2464 CFU/g dan di dataran rendah sebanyak 81,12321 CFU/g. Bakteri coliform dan non coliform yang diperoleh di dataran tinggi menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata dengan bakteri yang diperoleh di dataran rendah.
(Black) Non-Analysis: From the Restrained Unconscious to the Generalized Unconscious
Authors: Eppert Nicholas
Published: March 2018

This paper is a contribution to the ongoing studies revolving around the fields of Afro-Pessimism and Non-Philosophy. It is focused mostly on a short essay that Francois Laruelle wrote in 1989 called "The Concept of Generalized Analysis or 'Non-Analysis" that eventually became part of a larger work called Theorie des Etrangers, while also drawing on the latter for support. The focus is set not in terms of exegesis or commentary but in tandem with the work of Frank Wilderson III to borrow from both of their works and formulate a move from the "White restrained Unconscious" to the "(Black) generalized Unconscious". In the first section I articulate Laruelle and Wilderson's critiques of the common-sense image of the Unconscious. And in the second section I make the move from the White restrained Unconscious to the (Black) generalized Unconscious by arguing that the former is embedded within a metaphysical sovereignty of desires that excludes (Black) desires. The "White restrained Unconscious" is constituted by what Laruelle calls a "half loss" or a loss which loses itself. For this reason the (Black) generalized Unconscious cannot appear within it, for it is an absolute loss, or what Laruelle calls the Joui-sans-Jouissance. The White generalized Unconsicous blocks (Black) loss out by a transference mechanism. The opening up of the White restrained Unconscious to the (Black) generalized Unconscious which is its Identity in the last instance can only be done by "ending the World". Using Jared Sexton's notion of the "social life of social death" I show that this desire to end the world allows for a seeing from perspective of the "One" which is the subject position of the (Black) Non-Analyst and allows for a dualysis of the desires of the White restrained Unconscious.Â Â
Gotowość do zadośćuczynienia a empatia u osób odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności – komunikat z badań
Authors: Trojanowska Ewa
Published: March 2018

Gotowość do zadośćuczynienia jest niezwykle rzadko podejmowanym przedmiotem badań. Ważnym aspektem są uwarunkowania gotowości do zadośćuczynienia osadzonych, ponieważ mogą wskazywać kierunek oddziaływań resocjalizacyjnych. Celem opracowania jest ustalenie zależności między gotowością do zadośćuczynienia a empatią osób odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności w zakładzie karnym. Badania własne zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem sondażu diagnostycznego. Grupę badanych stanowi 44 mężczyzn. Wyniki badań własnych wskazują, że u osadzonych występuje pozytywna zależność między ogólną gotowością do zadośćuczynienia a przyjmowaniem punktu widzenia innych osób. Stwierdzono również dodatnią korelację między gotowością do zadośćuczynienia usługowego a przyjmowaniem perspektywy innych osób.
Władza i posłuszeństwo w procesie wychowania (na podstawie instrukcji Posługa władzy i posłuszeństwo)
Authors: Kunicka Małgorzata
Published: March 2018

W „kulturze obfitości” wykreowanej w świecie liberalnych poglądów nie znajduje się miejsca na wychowanie dziecka w duchu posłuszeństwa. Apologeci permisywnego wychowania utożsamiają wolność człowieka z przesadną tolerancją, wyrugowaniem autorytaryzmu, ale też z odejściem od wychowania do posłuszeństwa. Istnieje jednak potrzeba wychowania młodego człowieka do odpowiedzialności, roztropności, rzetelności, poszanowania dla drugiego. Staje się to możliwe w sytuacji, gdy władza wychowawcza rozumiana jest jako posługa, a posłuszeństwo – jako ufne wsłuchiwanie się w głos wychowawcy.
Ocena świadomości rodziców w zakresie występowania wad postawy ciała u dzieci
Authors: Motow-Czyż Marta , Motow Irena
Published: March 2018

Jednym z warunków normalnego rozwoju i zdrowia dziecka jest kształtowanie prawidłowej postawy ciała. Szybki rozwój współczesnej cywilizacji niesie ze sobą przeobrażenia w środowisku otaczającym dziecko, przyczyniając się do powstawania wad postawy. Ważnym elementem profilaktyki i leczenia w zapobieganiu wadom postawy jest dbałość o dobrą postawę. W okresie dzieciństwa, w dużej mierze za jej dbałość odpowiada rodzic, którego świadomość w zakresie problematyki wad postawy nie zawsze jest wystarczająca. Celem artykułu będzie analiza świadomości rodziców w zakresie wad postawy w badaniach własnych.
The Issue of Comfort Women as an Example of Gender Inequality in Japan Monika Ksieniewicz
Authors: Ksieniewicz Monika
Published: March 2018

The issue of comfort women is a unique example of the inequality women face in Asia, especially in Japan. Despite it being over 70 years since the end of the Second World War, the issue has not been resolved on a diplomatic level, despite the large amount of evidence that during the war women were forced by the government to be sex slaves for the Imperial Army. The article aims to prove that this is strongly connected with Confucianism, and constitutes an example of the greatest incidence of human trafficking in the history, which should be resolved by the state.
RUSSKIJ MIR – po(d)stępy kultury czy kultura w natarciu? Rosyjska strategia soft power jako element rosyjskiej kultury politycznej
Authors: Lachowicz Magdalena
Published: March 2018

Federacja Rosyjska wdraża w polityce zagranicznej narzędzia określane mianem soft i smart power wobec partnerów w skali globalnej. O atrakcyjności idei wspólnoty Ruskiego Miru decydują czynniki kulturowo-językowe wzmacniane elementami natury ekonomicznej i militarnej. Polityka zagraniczna kreowana jest w sposób komplementarny, a proporcje zastosowanych środków zależą jedynie od regionu świata, koniunktury w stosunkach bilateralnych, są procesualne i dynamiczne w czasie. Od 2000 roku władze rosyjskie wykazały wiele determinacji, by wytworzyć sieć efektywnych instytucji, które zapewnią Rosji słyszalny głos w debacie międzynarodowej w warunkach wojny informacyjnej i gry politycznej na rzecz dominacji w świecie.
Problematyka ochrony praw człowieka w dobie wojny z terroryzmem
Authors: Niedźwiecki Artur
Published: March 2018

Prawa podstawowe adresowane są do instytucji publicznych, których zakres imperium, dla dobra jednostki, nie powinien mieć charakteru nieograniczonego. Z oczywistych względów wykręca to ręce władzy, która, aby zapewnić ochronę praw ofiar terroru, musi zwalczać zjawisko wykorzystujące swobody obywatelskie do ataków na przypadkowych cywilów. Rodzić to może niezwykłą pokusę dla organów państwowych do stosowania szkodliwej selektywności, generującej olbrzymie pole do nadużyć. Owa wybiórczość sprawia, iż Europejczycy zbyt często zdają się zapominać o przysługiwaniu praw człowieka także imigrantom i uchodźcom, którzy ratują się ucieczką na stary kontynent, z uwagi na doświadczenie przemocy w rodzimych krajach.
Inność/Obcość – piętno czy przywilej? Między antropologią a aksjologią dialogu w ponowoczesnej kulturze nadmiaru i hybrydyzacji
Authors: Utracka Dorota
Published: March 2018

Tekst podejmuje kwestie epistemologii Inności/Obcości jako składnika ponowoczesnego dyskursu humanistycznego. Perspektywa antropologiczno-aksjologiczna odsłania problem dialogu z Innym w wymiarze socjologiczno-etnicznym, transkulturowym, postkolonialnym i globalistycznym. Etyczny nurt interpretacji Innego zostaje omówiony w oparciu o pisarstwo Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego, dla którego Inny staje się „głównym aktorem globalnej sceny wielokulturowego świata”. Takiemu ujęciu odpowiada projekt heterologii oraz poznawczej triady: Inny-Dialog-Doświadczenie (spotkanie). Dopełnieniem rozważań są zagadnienia dyskursów tożsamościowych interpretowanych i klasyfikowanych w kontekście procesów globalizacji i „demontażu geografii” (A. Appadurai) oraz w odniesieniu do pojęć: „deterytorializacji kultur”, „nowego diasporyzmu”, „peryferyzacji centrum”, „neotrybalizmu” i dyslokacji przestrzennej bazy kulturowej. Inność jako etyczny problem ponowoczesności eksplikują i dookreślają zjawiska związane z powstawaniem płynnych quasi-struktur tożsamościowych, pokazujących hybrydyczność globalnej ekonomii kulturowej.
Zderzenie cywilizacji. Aspekty polityczne, społeczne, ekonomiczne, ideologiczne i kulturowe. Refleksje osobiste
Authors: Malinowski Marek
Published: March 2018

Artykuł wprowadza w zagadnienia koncepcji zderzenia cywilizacji i współczesnych procesów społeczno-politycznych, które są jej obrazem, i przedstawia ich różnorodne aspekty.
Charge Transfer Effects in Enzyme Catalysis Observed with Large-Scale QM/MM Free Energy Simulations
Authors: Kulik Heather
Published: March 2018

Hybrid quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations provide key insights into enzyme structure–function relationships. Numerous studies have demonstrated that large QM regions are needed to systematically converge ground state, zero temperature properties with electrostatic embedding QM/MM. However, it is not well known if ab initio QM/MM free energy simulations have this same dependence, in part due to the hundreds of thousands of energy evaluations required for free energy estimations that in turn limit QM region size. Here, we leverage recent advances in electronic structure efficiency and accuracy to carry out range-separated hybrid density functional theory free energy simulations in a representative methyltransferase. By studying for 200 ps each of ab initio QM/MM dynamics in five QM regions from minimal (64 atoms) to one-sixth of the protein (544 atoms), we identify critical differences between large and small QM region QM/MM in charge transfer between substrates and active site residues as well as in geometric structure and dynamics that coincide with differences in predicted free energy barriers. Distinct geometric and electronic structure features in the largest QM region indicate that fundamental aspects of enzymatic rate enhancement are identified with large-scale electronic structure.
Character Education in Mimpi Sejuta Dolar Novel by Alberthiene Endah
Authors: Oktaviantoro Oktaviantoro , Mardian Mardian , Fitri Fitri
Published: March 2018

This descriptive qualitative research focuses his study on the values of character education in Mimpi Sejuta Dolar Novel, and how to implement it in Indonesian language learning. The data of this research are (1) novel excerpts related to character education derived from liver, (2) novel quotations related to character education derived from thought, (3) novel excerpt related to character education derived from sports or kinesthetics, (4) novel excerpts related to character education derived from taste and initiative, and (5) implementation of character education in learning.
Effects of phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor SHBM1009 on cancer cells proliferation
Authors: Wang Lingyan , Huang Li-Hao , Shen Qi , Liu Fangming , Zhu Bijun , Wu Duojiao
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) plays an important role in cellular proliferation  and tumor progression. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential mechanism and therapeutic effects of new PI3K inhibitor SHBM1009 on various cancer cells of digestive system on proliferation.

METHODS:

Six human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines including 97H, 97L, A3, F11, MHCC-1, SMMC7721, one gastric cell line SGC-7901 and three primary testicular cancer TYST,TYST1,TYST2 cells were treated by 100ng/ml epidermal growth factor with or without 1uM NVP-BEZ-235 and SHBM1009  in Cell-IQ system in 24-well plates for 48h and up to 72h. The cell bio-behaviors, especially for cell proliferation of total cell number were measured by a real-time cell monitoring system, Cell-IQ continuous cell culturing platform. Images were captured at 30 min intervals. Cell-IQ system uses machine vision technology for monitoring and recording time-lapse data, and the cell functions and morphological parameters were quantified and analyzed.

RESULTS:

SHBM1009 could prevent EGF-induced cancer cells proliferation. Different patterns of inhibitory effects of SHBM1009 and NVP-BEZ-235, a dual PI3K/mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor, on EGF-induced cancer cells proliferation were observed.

CONCLUSIONS:

PI3K plays a critical role in the development of cancer progress, including proliferation, differentiation and anti-apoptosis. SHBM1009, a new PI3K inhibitor, could be new therapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment.
Biologi Molekuler Human Papilloma Virus
Authors: Savira Maya
Published: March 2018

Persistent infection of the high-risk group Human Papilloma Virus (hrHPV) has been known to cause cervical cancer.Currently cervical cancer still ranks as the number two of most malignant disease in women. The infection of HPVthat lead to cancer cells to form can be known through the structure of the HPV virus itself and what particles in thevirus play a role in initiating the carcinogenic process of its host cell.
Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Benda Asing Baterai Kancing pada Kavum Nasi
Authors: Yolazenia Yolazenia , Elfahmi Elfahmi
Published: March 2018

Nasal foreign body is common case that often seen in children. Button battery is one of nasal foreign body that rarelyseen and most commonly occur in children 2-5 year-old. A nasal button battery is one of otorhinolaryngologicalemergency because it can lead to severe damage, necrosis, and perforation of nasal septum. Therefore, early diagnosisand prompttreatment was needed. A case of button battery in nasal cavity in a 3 year-old boy was reported, which hadbeen performed an extraction of foreign body and irrigation under general anesthesia.
Optimalisasi Peran Guru Kelas Sebagai Konselor Siswa di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Marzuki Ismail
Published: March 2018

Kegiatan bimbingan-konseling (BK) penting karena tidak menutup kemungkinan ada siswa yang mengalami permasalahan dalam belajar. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan masalah tersebut dapat diurai sehingga tugas perkembangannya bisa tercapai dengan optimal. Berbeda dengan di sekolah menengah yang kegiatannya ditangani guru khusus, di sekolah dasar kegiatan BK merupakan tugas dan tanggung jawab guru kelas. Realitas lapangan menunjukan bahwa peran ini masih belum optimal. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya dari berbagai pihak untuk memikirkan dan membantu menyelesaikan masalah ini. Salah satu upaya itu adalah melaksanakan pelatihan atau workshop  terhadap para guru seperti yang dilakukan tim dosen PGSD UMG. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan (action reaserch), dengan subjek guru-guru SD Muhammadiyah 01 (SDM 01) Benjeng Gresik. Penelitian melibatkan tiga dosen dan seorang mahasiswa sebagai narasumber dan observer. Ada tiga kegiatan dalam analisis ini yaitu: (1) reduksi data, (2) penyajian data, dan (3) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan positif pada guru SDM 01 Benjeng terhadap kegiatan BK di sekolah setalah diadakan pelatihan. Perubahan itu berupa meningkatnya wawasan guru mengenai materi pelatihan yakni, urgensi, ruang lingkup, prosedur, dan strategi kegiatan BK. Perubahan lainnya adalah para guru telah mampu membuat administrasi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penilaian, hingga administrasi pelaporan kegiatan BK dengan baik.
SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA GURU PADA MI TARBIYATUS SHIBYAN MENGGUNAKAN BOOTSTRAP FRAMEWORK
Authors: Muslikh Moh , Wardhani Retno , Nafiiyah Nur
Published: March 2018

Teacher performance assessment system is a system that can help the problem of teacher assessment in the schools in in delivering the value of accurate and right on target, one of them is MI Tarbinyatus Shibyan Kemantren Paciran Lamongan which implement the performance appraisal of teachers to know the process of teaching is good and right for all student and for the promotion of teacher. Performance assessment of the teacher themselves were taken from the four criteria, namely Pedagogic, social, personality, there are four criteria of Professional the fourteen competencies. Thus is created the system of teacher performance assessment based on login step, the content of the data content of the teacher, the teacher's grades, report the results of the result value. Teacher performance assessment system is made as easy as possible, the system can be easily dioprasikan to assist the principal in the giving of value accurate and right on target.
APLIKASI GAME PUZZLE GROW UP BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Muafiyah Siti , Fuad Nurul , Betaliyah Azza Abidatin
Published: March 2018

“Puzzle Grow Up” game application uses HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) that can be used on Android-powered devices with the help of Intel xdk program. The purpose of this undergraduate thesis is to learn, analyze, design and implement “Puzzle Grow Up” game application. The software developed in the preparation of this application uses HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) which is the basic language for the web that allows displaying information in the form of text, chart, and also connecting between web pages. The result of this research is to create game as a means of entertainment that can minimize the boredom of a person to the job which involves devices such as mobile phones or smartphones based on Android. The application runs on Android OS with Android Kitkat as the minimum version.
Küreselleşme, Vergi Rekabeti ve Türkiye’de Vergi Yükü
Authors: KARGI Veli , YAYĞIR Tacim
Published: March 2018

1990’lı
yılların dünyası 1950’li yılların dünyasından oldukça farklıdır. Özellikle son
yirmi yıl içinde Dünya’da küreselleşme ve Rekabete dayalı piyasa ekonomisinin
hâkimiyeti yanında 1990’lı yıllarda Japonya’nın dünya ekonomisinde üstlendiği
rolün artması, bilgi-işlem teknolojilerindeki gelişmelere bağlı olarak
bilgilerin çok çabuk yayılması ve teknoloji alanında ortaya çıkan uluslararası
rekabet dünya ekonomisinde önemli gelişmelere neden olmuştur.

Vergi rekabeti sonucu, mobilitesi yüksek olan
gelir ve kurumlar vergisi oranlarının indirilmesi vergi yükünün adaletsiz
dağılımına yol açabilmektedir. Dolaylı vergilerin, Türkiye’de elde edilen vergi
gelirlerinin yaklaşık %70’ini oluşturması, Türkiye’de vergi yükü dağılımında
adaletsizliğin olduğuna dair bir gösterge olarak kabul edilebilir.

Bu çalışmada küreselleşme ve vergi rekabetinin
tanımı yapıldıktan sonra vergi
rekabetinin sınıflandırılması, vergi rekabetini arttıran nedenler, vergi
rekabetinin yarar ve zararları belirtilip, vergi rekabeti sonucu ülkelerin
vergi sistemlerinde yapmış oldukları değişiklikler, Türkiye’de vergi rekabeti
sonucu vergi yükü dağılımı ile Türkiye’deki yeni gelir vergisi kanun
tasarısının vergi rekabeti açısından etkinliği araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Yargı Kararları Işığında Vergi İncelemesinde Yükümlü Haklarının İhlâline İlişkin Tespitler
Authors: PINAR Burak
Published: March 2018

Vergi incelemesinin
amacı, ödenmesi gereken vergilerin doğruluğunu araştırmak, tespit etmek ve
sağlamaktır. Vergi incelemeleri ile yükümlünün beyanlarının doğruluğu
araştırmakta, tespit edilmekte ve sağlanmaktadır. İncelemelerin kural olarak
yükümlünün iş yerinde; belli şartların oluşması durumunda ise inceleme
elemanının dairesinde yapılması gerekmektedir. İnceleme yapmaya, Vergi Usul
Kanunu’nda belirtilen inceleme elemanları yetkilidir. İnceleme elemanı, vergiyi
doğuran olayın gerçek mahiyetini araştıracaktır. Vergilendirme muamelelerinde
gerçek mahiyetin çıkarılması külfeti vergi idaresine aittir Bu durum aslında
ekonomik yaklaşım ilkesinin bir sonucudur. Yapılan incelemeler özellikle defter
ve belgeler üzerinden yürütülecek, bunun dışında bulunan matrah ve matrah
farklarının işletme veya işletme dışından temin edilecek delillerle açık bir
şekilde ortaya konulması gerekmektedir. Bu anlamda, pasif taraf olan yükümlünün
idare karşısında korunması demokratik hukuk devletinin bir zorunluluğu olarak
ortaya çıkmaktadır. İdare vergilendirme işlemlerini yaparken idari işlemler
için gerekli tüm mevzuat kurallarına uygun davranmalıdır. Vergilendirmede
adalet ve eşitlik ilkelerine uygun davranılabilmesi ve vergi bilincinin
yerleşmesi için kanun koyucunun ve idarenin yükümlüyü koruyucu düzenlemelere
önem vermesi gerekmektedir.
Vergi Denetimi Etkinliğinde Risk Analizi Sisteminin Uygulanabilirliği (Gaziantep Halı Sektörü Üzerine Örnek Bir Uygulama)
Authors: UĞUR Atilla Ahmet
Published: March 2018

Kamu giderlerinin finansmanının önemli bir
kısmını kapsayan vergilerin doğru olarak toplanmasında yadsınamaz yeri olan
vergi denetimi, beyan esasının geçerli olduğu vergi sistemimizde önemini
gittikçe arttırmaktadır.  Yapılan vergi
denetiminin etkin olması gerekliliği, tartışmasız herkes tarafından kabul
edilmekle birlikte, vergi denetiminde etkinlik sorunu her zaman tartışılan bir
konu olmuştur. Vergi denetiminin etkinliği ülkenin mali politikası ve
dolayısıyla genel ekonomi politikası açısından da önemini gittikçe
arttırmaktadır.

Vergi
denetiminin etkinliğini artırmanın yolları ile ilgili olarak çeşitli seçenekler
ortaya konmuştur. Ortaya konan bu seçeneklerden bir tanesi de risk analizi
yöntemidir. Risk Analizi, her türlü bilgi, veri ve istatistiği toplamak
suretiyle oluşturulan Risk Analiz Sistemi üzerinden mükelleflerin
faaliyetlerinin gruplar ve sektörler itibarıyla analiz edilmesi, mukayeseler
yapılması ve bu suretle risk alanlarının tespit edilmesi faaliyetidir. Bu
anlamda çalışma, risk analiz sisteminin Gaziantep halı sektörü için örnek bir
uygulamasını ele almaktadır.
Yeni Gelir Vergisi Kanunu Tasarısı Çerçevesinde Ön Vergileme Uygulamasının Vergi Sistemine Etkileri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ORTAÇ Fevzi Rıfat , ÜNSAL Hilmi , YILMAZ Elif
Published: March 2018

Ön vergilemeyi, vergi doğurucu bir işlemden dolayı ortaya çıkan ödemenin,
ileride tahakkuk edecek vergiye mahsuben hak sahibine ödeme yapılmadan
vergilendirilmesi olarak tanımlamak mümkündür. Bir vergileme yöntemi ve vergi
güvenlik tedbiri olarak ön vergileme; “stopaj, tevkifat, kaynakta kesinti,
kesinti” gibi adlarla Türk vergi sisteminde esasen öteden beri uygulanmaktadır.

Stopaj uygulamasının, tahsilât kolaylığı, kayıtdışı ile mücadele ve tahsil
maliyetlerinin azaltılması açısından olumlu olduğu düşünülmektedir. Öte yandan,
gelirin tam olarak kavranması ve adaletli bir vergi sisteminin oluşturulması
açısından negatif etkileri olduğu ileri sürülmektedir.

Mevcut uygulamada özellikle beyan sisteminden kopuş yönündeki eğilim,
stopaj uygulamasını öne çıkarırken; vergilendirmede adalet ve etkinlik
noktasında çeşitli sorunlara sebebiyet vermektedir. Gelir üzerinden alınan
gelir ve kurumlar vergisini tek bir kanunda toplayan Yeni Gelir Vergisi Kanunu
Tasarısı, ön vergilemede bazı değişiklikler getirmektedir.

Bu çalışmada yeni Gelir Vergisi Kanunu
Tasarısının ön vergileme uygulaması konusundaki düzenlemeleri, mevcut mevzuat
ile mukayeseli şekilde değerlendirilecek, sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri ele
alınacaktır.
Haberleşme Vergisinin Vergi Adaleti Açısından Değerlendirilmesi ve Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: BOZDOĞANOĞLU Burçin
Published: March 2018

Haberleşme ve iletişim alanındaki teknolojik
gelişmeler aracılığıyla meydana gelen ilerleme, bilişim, finans ve eğitim
sektörlerini yakından ilgilendirdiğinden hem ekonomik hem de sosyal hayatı
derinden etkilemektedir. Çalışma esas olarak haberleşme vergisini konu
alacaktır. 2464 sayılı Belediye Gelirleri Kanunu’nun 29. maddesi, haberleşme
vergisini düzenlemektedir. Bu kanun yürürlüğe girdikten bugüne otuz yıldan
fazla süre geçmiş, ancak haberleşme süreciyle ilgili önemli gelişmelerin ve
yeni kurum ve kuruluşların kurulmuş olmasına rağmen, bu gelişmelerin haberleşme
vergisi kapsam ya da konusu içine alınmadığı ve haberleşme vergisi mükellefi
yapılmadığı görülmüştür.

Gerek kanunun lafzı ve gerekse konu ile ilgili
idari görüşler, haberleşme vergisinin sadece Türk Telekom’dan alınacağı
yönündedir. Böylesi bir yorumlama şekli ise Anayasa’nın 10. maddesine açık
aykırılık taşımaktadır.

Mükellef olarak sadece Türk Telekom’un kabul
edilmesi;

- Bu kurumun mobil hizmet de sunması halinde bu
hizmetlerin vergi kapsamına girip girmeyeceği,

- Mobil hizmet sunucularının sabit telefon hizmeti
vermeleri halinde ne olacağı,

- Türk Telekom’un altyapısını kullanan internet
servis sağlayıcılarının durumunun ne olacağı konularında ciddi çelişkiler
ortaya çıkarmaktadır.

Amacımız, vergi hukuku
normları açısından mevcut durumu ortaya koyarak konu hakkında çağdaş hukuk
ilkelerine uygun bir model önerisinde bulunmaktır.
Vergilemede Kanunilik İlkesi Açısından Anayasa’nın 73/4. Maddesi ile Bakanlar Kuruluna Yetki Verilmesinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GERÇEK Adnan , BAKAR Feride
Published: March 2018

“Temsilsiz vergi
olmaz” prensibine uygun olarak vergilemede kanunilik ilkesine genellikle tüm
ülke anayasalarında yer verilmiştir. Türkiye’de ise Anayasanın 73/4.
maddesindeki özel hükümle, vergilemeye ilişkin belirli unsurlarda ve kanunlarda
belirlenen sınırlar içinde değişiklik yapma yetkisi Bakanlar Kuruluna
devredilmiştir. Bunun gerekçesi de; “vergi yükünün muaflığı ve istisnaların
zamanla artan oranla düşmesini engellemek” ve “ekonomiye etkin ve hızlı
müdahale edebilmek için esneklik ve çabukluk getirmek” olarak belirtilmiştir.Türk vergi kanunlarında Bakanlar Kuruluna yetki verilmesine
ilişkin düzenlemelerin sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. 2017 yılı itibariyle
25 vergi kanununun 107 farklı maddesinde Bakanlar Kuruluna değişiklik yapma
yetkisi verilmiştir. Ancak bu maddelerin 25’inde Bakanlar Kuruluna verilen
yetki şu ana kadar hiç kullanılmamıştır. 1971-2017 yılları arasında Bakanlar
Kurulu kendisine verilen yetkiyi 735 tane Bakanlar Kurulu Kararları ile
kullanmıştır. Bakanlar Kuruluna verilen değişiklik yapma yetkisi; sırasıyla
muaflık unsurunda 10 defa, istisna unsurunda 22 defa, indirim unsurunda 36
defa, oran unsurunda 438 defa, maktu tutarlarda 195 defa ve diğer konularda 48
defa kullanılmıştır.

Ülkemizde 2003 yılından sonra enflasyonun düşmesiyle
birlikte Bakanlar Kuruluna yetki devrine yol açacak yeni düzenlemelerin
sayısında azalma olması beklenirken, uygulamada böyle olmamış ve 32 tane yeni kanun maddesinde
düzenleme yapma yetkisinin Bakanlar Kuruluna verildiği görülmüştür. Demokrasiyi ve hukukun üstünlüğünü
benimsemiş bir ülkede “kanunsuz vergi olmaz” ve “temsilsiz vergi olmaz” temel
ilkelerinden sapmalara yol açabilecek hiçbir hükmün kabul edilmesi düşünülemez.
Bu nedenle ülkemizde hukuk devleti ve vergilemede
kanunilik ilkesini zedeleyen, vergilemede istikrar ve belirliliği ortadan
kaldıran Bakanlar Kuruluna yetki verilmesi ile ilgili hüküm Anayasa metninden
çıkarılmalıdır.
Devletin Hacmini Belirleyen Faktörler: Ampirik bir Analiz
Authors: KEYİFLİ Nazlı , AKDEDE Sacit Hadi
Published: March 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı ülkeler arasındaki devletin boyutundaki faklılıkları ortaya
koyacak çeşitli politik, ekonomik ve demografik faktörleri belirlemektir.
Çalışmada, Dünya Bankası’nın veri tabanında bulunan 81 ülkenin 1990-2015 dönemi
yıllık verileri kullanılarak söz konusu değişkenler ile devletin ekonomik hacmi
arasındaki ilişki panel veri analiz yöntemi ile test edilmiştir. Devletin
boyutunu ölçmede devletin nihai tüketim harcamalarının gayri safi yurt içi
hasılaya oranı ölçüm birimi olarak kullanılmıştır. Başlıca bulgularımız
şunlardır. Politik kutuplaşma (political polarizaiton), gelir eşitsizliği,
nüfus yoğunluğu, kişibaşı gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla büyümesi, ülkenin federal
bir yapıda olması ile devletin boyutu arasında anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişki, demokrasi,
siyasi ayrışma (fractionalizaiton) ve dini ayrışma (religious
fractionalizaiton) ile devletin boyutu arasında ise anlamlı ve pozitif bir
ilişki vardır.
PENGOBATAN TRADISIONAL DI DESA LEMAHABANG KULON, KEC. LEMAHABANG, KAB. CIREBON
Authors: Setiawan Irvan
Published: March 2018

Pengobatan Modern dan pengobatan tradisional merupakan dua jenis pengobatan yang kerap dipakai untuk mengatasi sakit yang diderita. Masing-masing jenis pengobatan memiliki keampuhan dan peminatnya. Indonesia sudah mensahkan obat tradisional sebagai media alternatif untuk mengobati masyarakat. Obat tradisional merupakan sebuah kearifan lokal dari generasi terdahulu yang didapat melalui berbagai proses untuk membuktikan keampuhannya. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menggali sumber pengetahuan dan jenis pengobatan tradisional di lokasi penelitian. Diperoleh hasil bahwa garis keturunan dan keingintahuan menjadi latar belakang penyembuh dalam memeroleh pengetahuan pengobatan tradisional. Rasa percaya terhadap cara pengobatan, ikhlas, dan memasrahkan diri pada Sang Pencipta menjadi unsur utama yang harus dimiliki pasien dan penyembuh untuk mengobati penyakit yang sesuai dengan kondisi sosial budaya setempat. Modern and traditional medicine are two types of treatment that are often used to overcome illness. Each type of treatment has the power and also the followers. Indonesia has legalized traditional medicine as an alternative media. Traditional medicine is a local wisdom of previous generations that gained through various processes to prove its ability. The research uses qualitative description method to explore and find the type of traditional medicine in the research location. The result is obtained that the lineage and curiosity become the background of the healer in obtaining knowledge of traditional medicine. Belief in the way of treatment, sincerity, and surrender to the Creator becomes the main element that must be possessed by the patient and the healer to treat the disease according to local socio-cultural conditions.
ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL RUMAH BETAWI
Authors: P. Suwardi Alamsyah
Published: March 2018

AbstrakArsitektur tradisional rumah Betawi dalam tulisan ini difokuskan pada arsitektur tradisional rumah tinggal, yakni rumah Gudang, rumah Joglo, dan rumah Bapang/Kebaya. Rumah-rumah tersebut masih dapat disaksikan di perkampungan masyarakat Betawi di daerah Condet Kelurahan Balekambang, Jakarta Timur. Bentuk-bentuk rumah tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Betawi terbuka terhadap pengaruh luar. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dan dipelajari dari pola tapak, pola tata ruang dalam, dan terutama dari sistem struktur dan bentuk serta detail dan ragam hias rumah. AbstractTraditional Architecture forms house of Betawi in this article load traditional architecture of house remain, namely Warehouse house, house of Joglo, and house of Bapang / kebaya, what still see and can be witnessed is countrified society of Betawi in area of Condet Sub-District Of Balekambang, Jakarta East. The Forms House indicate that society of Betawi much more open from external influence. The mentioned can be seen and studied from tread pattern, planology pattern in, and especially from structure system and form and also decorative manner and detail which owned it.
PUISI PUPUJIAN DALAM BAHASA SUNDA
Authors: Masduki Aam
Published: March 2018

AbstrakSebagai media pendidikan, puisi pupujian mempunyai fungsi sosial. Di Tatar Sunda, umumnya puisi pupujian berbahasa Sunda dinyanyikan di mesjid-mesjid, musola-musola, pesantren-pesantren atau di tempat-tempat pengajian lain. Di mesjid dan musola, waktu pupujian biasanya berlangsung antara azan dan qomat. Di pesantren dan madrasah, pupujian dinyanyikan pada saat pelajaran berlangsung. Di tempat pengajian anak-anak atau ibu-ibu, puisi pupujian dinyanyikan sebelum atau sesudah mengaji. Abstract“Pupujian” poem is used for affecting mind, feelings, and human behaviors, beside its function to spread religions. As a learning media, “Pupujian” poem, which is containing some advice and religious lessons, were memorized. With this poem repeatedly sang, it’s hoped that kids, santri, and public will be awakened and have wished to follow the advise and the religion lessons which spreaded through the poem. “Pupujian” oftenly sang in pesantren, madrasah or moscue, langgar or any other religious spoots. “Pupujian” sang when the times comes for Shubuh, Maghrib, and Isya pray, and some after it.
KERAJAAN TRADISIONAL CIREBON ABAD XV – XIX
Authors: Adeng Adeng
Published: March 2018

AbstrakKerajaan Tradisional Cirebon atau lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Kerajaan Islam Cirebon dan akhirnya menjadi Kesultanan Cirebon mencapai puncak kejayaannya ketika dipimpin oleh Syekh Syarif Hidayatullah atau lebih dikenal dengan nama Sunan Gunung Jati. Kepemimpinan Sunan Gunung Jati misi utamanya adalah pengembangan agama Islam di Tatar Sunda (sek. Jawa Barat), bukan masalah politik atau pemerintahan. Oleh karena itu, perkembangan Islam di Tatar Sunda sangat pesat.   Abstract Traditional Empire of Cirebon or more knowledgeable with the title Empire of Islam Cirebon and finally becomes Sultanate of Cirebon tired its the feather in one's cap top when led by Syekh Syarif Hidayatullah or more knowledgeable by the name of Sunan Gunung Jati. Leadership of Sunan Gunung Jati mission is expansion of Islam in Tatar Sunda (West Java), no matter political or goverment. Therefore, development of Islam in Tatar Sunda very fast.