bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2021 Update on Pediatric Overuse
Authors: Money Nathan M. , Schroeder Alan R. , Quinonez Ricardo A. , Ho Timmy , Marin Jennifer R. , Wolf Elizabeth R. , Morgan Daniel J. , Dhruva Sanket S. , Coon Eric R.
Published: January 2022

This update on pediatric medical overuse identifies and provides concise summaries of 10 impactful articles related to pediatric medical overuse from the years 2019 to 2020.
Rural Settlement in Iron Age Cessetania (Northeastern Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Belarte Maria Carme , Canela Joan , Morer Jordi , Cuscó Oriol , Ocaña Marc , Euba Itxaso , Valenzuela-Lamas Silvia
Published: January 2022

Recent research has demonstrated the importance of rural settlement in the Iberian culture, although there are still few rural sites explored in depth. ‘Rural settlement’ is the term we use to designate the small habitation sites or agricultural structures that became common from the Middle Iberian Period (450–200 bc) onward; such sites constituted the basis of a hierarchical settlement system characteristic of societies developing towards archaic states. These settlements consist of one or two buildings together with silos and/or artisanal features. The main difficulty in studying such sites is their poor preservation. They are usually located on flat areas suitable for cultivation, and research has traditionally prioritised the study of larger sites. In this study, we revise the data from previous investigations in the territory of ancient Iberian Cessetania and present the results of recent research, paying particular attention to the Rabassats site. We compare these rural settlements to those in other nearby territories in the Iberian area as well as in the wider Mediterranean context. Detailed analyses of the remains of rural sites show a greater complexity than is often assumed and suggest that a variety of small settlements, from an economic and probably also from a social point of view, should be included under the generic heading of ‘fourth order’.
Ventetid på OP i kritisk diskursivt perspektiv
Authors: Jensen Lisbeth Dons , Frederiksen Jesper
Published: January 2022

Akut indlagte patienter risikerer at vente længe på operation. Plejepersonalet finder det ikke optimalt, men accepterer det som et fast vilkår. I denne artikel undersøger vi med en socialkonstruktivistisk tilgang, med hvilke diskurser sundhedsfagligt personale italesætter akut indlagte operationspatienters ventetid, og hvilke konsekvenser det kan have for ventetiden. Det empiriske materiale er indsamlet i seks interviews med sundhedspersonale på operationsafdelingen, som er udført og analyseret med Norman Faircloughs model for kritisk diskursanalyse.  En diskursorden om akutte patienters præoperative ventetid viser fire diskurser: en politisk/økonomisk diskurs, en biomedicinsk diskurs, en demokratisk diskurs og en humanistisk diskurs. Diskurserne reproducerer en social praksis, hvor en humanistisk diskurs dog åbner for potentiel social forandring. Diskurserne afspejler og konstituerer et sundhedsvæsen i udvikling mellem patientcentrering og standardisering. Tilsvarende diskurser ses i andre undersøgelser af sundhedsvæsenet. Fundene bidrager med en kritisk opmærksomhed for sundhedsfagligt personale på ventetid, og sproget omkring temaet. Dermed kan kritisk opmærksomhed bidrage til social forandring af praksis omkring ventetid. Det er imidlertid vigtigt at huske på at social forandring gennem kritisk opmærksomhed, ikke alene er et spørgsmål om sprog, men også er knyttet til magt relationer, der er båret af strukturelle og organisatoriske forhold.
O uso de múltiplas fontes de informação nas políticas públicas: um olhar sobre a burocracia federal brasileira
Authors: Koga Natália Massaco , Palotti Pedro Lucas de Moura , Couto Bruno Gontyjo do , Lins Rafael da Silva , Nascimento Maricilene Isaira Baia do
Published: January 2022

Resumo A produção de políticas públicas é um processo complexo que envolve um conjunto de estímulos e condicionantes. Compreender o que, de fato, tem informado os burocratas e as organizações públicas é um elemento essencial para caracterizar a produção de políticas públicas, assim como para a discussão das potencialidades e dos limites das Políticas Públicas Baseadas em Evidências (PPBE) no contexto brasileiro. Neste estudo, investigamos as diferentes fontes de informação disponíveis aos burocratas brasileiros; dentre as quais, não somente as científicas, mas também as experienciais, as internas e as externas ao Estado. Esta pesquisa traz resultados de um survey respondido por 2.180 servidores da Administração Federal Direta no final de 2019. Os resultados indicam que há variação na utilização de fontes de informação a serem mobilizadas pelos burocratas de acordo com o tipo de trabalho desempenhado e, também, com a área de política pública na qual atuam.
O cálculo do presidente ao nomear ministros no Brasil
Authors: Neiva Pedro , Hiroi Taeko
Published: January 2022

Resumo Este artigo procura identificar os fatores que influenciam a escolha dos ministros no Brasil, considerando a importância/saliência de cada um dos ministérios. Buscamos conhecer a influência dos aspectos regionais sobre tal escolha, controlando as características e trajetórias pessoais dos ministros, seja no que diz respeito aos aspectos políticos e técnicos, seja com relação à proximidade e à lealdade ao presidente da República. Para isso, utilizamos um banco de dados inédito, que abrange todo o período da Nova República.
Ferns and lycophytes in Chapada das Mesas National Park and surroundings, Maranhão State, Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Rozijane Santos , Silva Laryssa Reis , Oliveira Sirlane Santos , Ottoni Felipe Polivanov , Pietrobom Marcio Roberto
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In Brazil, the number of floristic inventories involving ferns and lycophytes in the Cerrado domain is considerable. However, most of the diversity is recorded for states in the Central-West Region. In addition to the Cerrado domain, Maranhão State contains part of Amazonia and a small portion of the Caatinga. However, for this state, ferns and lycophytes are poorly sampled in floristic studies and data related to the diversity of these species are insufficient. Due to the scarcity of data about these groups, conducting floristic inventories in the state is extremely important, mainly in protected areas that contain regional vegetation near primary vegetation. Thus, the objective of the present study was to conduct a floristic inventory of the fern and lycophyte species in Chapada das Mesas National Park. We identified 86 species: 69 species of ferns, distributed in 35 genera and 17 families; and 17 species of lycophytes, distributed in five genera and three families. Among the species identified, five are new records for the Northeast Region of Brazil, twenty-one are new records for Maranhão State and eleven are new records for the Cerrado; until now, these were only recorded for Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest. The most representative families were Pteridaceae with 14 species, Selaginellaceae with 12 species, Thelypteridaceae with 11 species, and Anemiaceae, Hymenophyllaceae and Dryopteridaceae with six species each. The rupicolous life form was predominant. The new occurrence records for the Cerrado, Northeast Region and Maranhão are evidence that floristic research of ferns and lycophytes is still insufficient in these areas, and a greater sampling effort is needed to increase what is known about the diversity of these plants.
An Application of Geographically Weighted Quantile Lasso to Weather Index Insurance Design
Authors: Miquelluti Daniel Lima , Ozaki Vitor Augusto , Miquelluti David José
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: this article studies the efficiency of a novel regression approach, the geographically weighted quantile lasso (GWQlasso), in the modeling of yield-index relationship for weather index insurance products. GWQlasso allows regression coefficients to vary spatially, while using the information from neighboring locations to derive robust estimates. The lasso component of the model facilitates the selection of relevant explanatory variables. Methodology: a weather index insurance (WII) product is developed based on one-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) derived from a daily precipitation dataset for 41 weather stations in the state of Paraná (Brazil) for the period from 1979 to 2015. Soybean yield data are also used for the 41 municipalities from 1980 to 2015. The effectiveness of the GWQlasso product is evaluated against a classic quantile regression approach and a traditional yield insurance product using the spectral risk measure (SRM) and the mean semi-deviation. Results: while GWQlasso proved as effective as quantile regression, it outperformed the yield insurance product. Conclusion: the GWQlasso is an alternative to the crop insurance market in Brazil and other locations with limited data.
MAC: Uma Proposta para Metas Atuariais Consistentes em Fundos de Pensão
Authors: Azambuja Sandro de , Campani Carlos Heitor
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: this article proposes the meta atuarial consistente (MAC) (consistent actuarial rate), which is a method that adjusts incompatible actuarial rates in pension funds, after investigating and proving that the rate dissociates from the general rule in current regulations (which binds this rate to the expected return of the investments of pension funds). Methodology: a sample with data from 22 defined-benefit plans was collected, and MAC was applied to produce consistent actuarial rates, after panel data methods have identified the elements that influence the definition of the actuarial rate by the pension fund board of trustees. Results: the use of MAC, adjusting actuarial rates of 2018 based on systematic biases in previous rates, enabled a positive effect that unfolds in more reliable estimates for the plans’ mathematical provision, while identifying elements that influence the determination of the annual rate, causing its non-compliance to the general rule. Conclusion: the adoption of MAC by the Brazilian supervisory authority Previc would improve the rules and provide subsidies to better adjust the contribution levels practiced in the plans, making their solvency levels more reliable, which would benefit the development of the insurance and pension market.
Play to aspire and create new realities
Authors: Lopes José Carlos , Vendramini-Zanella Daniela , Fuga Valdite Pereira
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses core principles such as play, collaboration, and agency that support the online workshops offered by the Global Play Brigade (GPB), an international community of activists from different areas, who got together to fight against the global crisis that threatened the world in so many ways due to the covid-19 pandemic. To exemplify part of the theoretical and methodological approach involved in the plan and, the workshop, as well as its goals and one of the sessions, will be described along with perspectives aligned to Spinoza, Vygotsky, Freire, and some other authors to promote understanding of how people can be affected towards social change. It is known that there are many facets to the current turmoil, so the GPB seeks to create spaces in which creativity and critical thinking can create possibilities for emotional support, development, hope, and action.
ANALISIS KETIDAKPASTIAN PENGUKURAN KEKUATAN TARIK DAN ELONGASI SPESIMEN SS304 BERBENTUK RING
Authors: Ismarwanti Sri , Setiawan Jan , Ajiriyanto Maman Kartaman , Sigit Rohmad
Published: January 2022

ANALISIS KETIDAKPASTIAN PENGUKURAN KEKUATAN TARIK DAN ELONGASI SPESIMEN SS304 BERBENTUK RING. Ketidakpastian adalah tolok ukur dari kehandalan suatu pengukuran. Salah satu pendekatan analisa ketidakpastian yang banyak digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM). Langkah-langkah untuk menganalisa ketidakpastian dari suatu pengukuran telah dijelaskan secara rinci oleh pendekatan GUM. Analisa ketidakpastian dilakukan pada pengujian tarik untuk mengetahui ketertelusuran data yang diperoleh. Pengujian tarik menghasilkan data berupa kekuatan tarik dan elongasi dari material uji.  Kekuatan tarik adalah besaran yang melibatkan besaran gaya dan panjang. Elongasi adalah penambahan panjang saat dilakukan penarikan. Kekuatan tarik pada sampel berbentuk ring akan dipengaruhi oleh luas penampang pada kedua belah sisi ring ketika diberikan tegangan tarik. Sehingga untuk menentukan ketidakpastian pengujian tarik akan memerlukan analisa terhadap penyumbang ketidakpastian. Makalah ini memberikan penjelasan bagaimana cara untuk menganalisa ketidakpastian pengukuran kekuatan tarik dan elongasi pada sampel berbentuk ring. Selain itu juga akan diperoleh nilai ketidakpastian pengukuran kekuatan tarik dan elongasi SS304 berbentuk ring. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa kekuatan tarik ring SS304 rata-rata adalah 631,070 ± 26,976 Nmm-2 dengan ketidakpastian diperluas sebesar 50,451 Nmm-2 pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Selain itu pada tingkat kepercayaan yang sama diperoleh hasil elongasi ring SS304 rata-rata 18,681% ± 2,425% dengan ketidakpastian diperluas sebesar 2,867%. Keberulangan data atau repeatability menjadi penyumbang terbesar terhadap ketidakpastian pengukuran kekuatan tarik dan elongasi ring SS304.Kata kunci: Ketidakpastian, GUM, kekuatan tarik, elongasi, ring SS304.
Caregivers' Perception of their Role in Early Childhood Development and Stimulation Programmes in the Early Childhood Development Phase within a Sub-Saharan African Context: An Integrative Review
Authors: Ayob Zainab , Christopher Chantal , Naidoo Deshini
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Caregivers play an integral role in their child's development. Many caregivers from low resource communities within sub-Saharan countries face challenges in providing early childhood development (ECD) and stimulation. In South Africa, there are policies in place that aim to provide caregivers with child-care support and services; however, systemic factors often negatively impact the service delivery of early childhood development at a community level. This integrative review aimed to analyse, appraise, and synthesise the literature concerning the published evidence of caregivers' perception on their role in early childhood development and stimulation programmes for children within the ECD phase METHOD: The integrative review followed the five steps highlighted by Whittemore & Knafl. The literature search was conducted by electronic searching through ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, PubMed, JSTOR, Lancet, Google Scholar and Research Gate. Literature was included from 01 January 2010 to 31 December 2020, which was published in sub-Saharan Africa, on early childhood development and stimulation. A total of 22 records were included in the review. The data were qualitatively analysed through thematic analysis. The findings are presented according to the Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory FINDINGS: Findings highlight that caregivers' facilitation of early childhood development in their children is influenced by daily practices of child-care and rearing. Caregivers perceived their role as nurturing and disciplining their children. The educational aspect of child development was the role of the school/ECD facility. Among these influences are contextual factors, culture, and poverty, which impact the practices that caregivers implement during early childhood development. There are policies and stimulation programmes in place to support and assist caregivers/parents in facilitating early childhood development CONCLUSION: Caregivers' form an integral component in a child's early childhood development and stimulation. The caregiver role is impacted by several factors which include context, culture, awareness of services, knowledge on child development, stimulation and resources. There is poor implementation and knowledge of support structures, policies, and stimulation programmes at a community level. This, therefore, suggests that government departments need to advocate and promote for easier access to facilities to assist caregivers/parents further Keywords: Early childhood development, family support, policies, stimulation programmes, low resource contexts, stimulation.
Pentecostal Churches and Capitalism in a South African Township: Towards a Communism of the Market?
Authors: Dubarry Thibaut
Published: January 2022

With reference to two Pentecostal churches in the Kayamandi suburb of Stellenbosch, South Africa, we consider the ways in which capitalism and the Pentecostal spirit interrelate in a contemporary South Africa. We start off by acknowledging that many forms of Pentecostalism now tend to follow the paradigm set by neo-Pentecostalism, and that the same might be true of our two church communities, Revival Fire Ministries, and the Apostolic Faith Mission, even if the latter is more typically regarded as part of the classical Pentecostal movement in South Africa. Then we discuss Pentecostalism and its relationship to the secular domain. We show how Pentecostalism, in contrast to traditional forms of Christianity, is par excellence involved in the immanent/horizontal affairs of believers' lives. Indeed, the market itself appears to be sacralized, implying a transfer of holiness into the secular domain. We conclude with the idea that we have observed a fourth wave of Pentecostalism, anticipating that the golden age of Gesara/Nesara may be considered as a secular faith, forming a Hegelian synthesis of the two so-called secular religions of the 20th century, capitalism and communism. We have analyzed it as an apocatastasis, meaning restoration to the original or primordial condition1.
Ng'angas - Zambian Healers-Diviners and their Relationship with Pentecostal Christianity: The Intermingling of Pre-Christian Beliefs and Christianity
Authors: Podolecka Agnieszka , Cheyeka Austin M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article is to establish if pre-Christian beliefs in Zambia are influencing the Pentecostal Christianity, and to establish what the healers-diviners' relationship with different Pentecostal churches is. During field studies undertaken by both authors, it has been established that many Bantu speaking people still believe in some aspects of their native religions, especially in the powers of the ancestral spirits. Christianity is the dominant religion in Zambia, but it is far from homogenous. Apart from world religions like Roman Catholicism and Protestantism, there is a plethora of Pentecostal, Charismatic, and grassroot churches, many of them not immune to ancient spirit veneration. People who are believed to cooperate with spirits are called healers-diviners who are believed to be called to their profession by spirits. A great majority is Christian who combines Christianity with their native beliefs. The field studies in 2021 were sponsored by the Polish National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki), Poland, project no. 2017/25/N/HS1/02500.
Science. Technology. Innovation: 2022
Authors: Ditkovskiy Kirill , Fridlyanova Svetlana , Gokhberg Leonid , Kotsemir Maxim , Kuznetsova Irina , Martynova Svetlana , Polyakova Valentina , Ratay Tatyana , Repina Alevtina , Rosovetskaya Larisa , Roud Vitaliy , Sagieva Galina , Streltsova Ekaterina , Tarasenko Irina , Varzanovtseva Irina , Yudin Ivan
Published: January 2022

This pocket data book contains main S&T and innovation indicators for the Russian Federation. The publication includes the most recent statistical data on R&D input and output, as well as international comparisons. The data book includes information of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Statistical Office (Eurostat), UNESCO, World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), national statistical offices of other countries, and results of own methodological and analytical studies of the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge. In some cases, 2020 data are preliminary.
Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile birleştirilen TBF/DP600 çeliklerinin mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Hakan , OZTURK YILMAZ İmren , BİLİCİ Abdullah
Published: January 2022

In the study, the effects of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of electrical resistance spot welded TBF/DP600 steel sheets of 1.2 mm thickness were investigated. TBF steel used in the study was welded both with and without electro-galvanized. Microhardness measurements and tensile shear tests were taken as basis in determining the mechanical properties, while optical microscope was used for microstructural characterization. The nugget size of the spot-welded samples was determined by image processing technique, while the indentation depths at the electrode pressure points of the samples were measured by ultrasonic technique. It was observed from the fusion zone microstructure images that the two steels did not mix completely. Increasing the welding current and welding time increased the mixing ratio in fusion zone, expanded the heat affected zone and increased the nugget size, indentation depth and load bearing capacity. TBF steel was more affected by the thermal cycle during welding than DP600 steel. At high heat input, liquid metal embrittlement based microcrack formations initiating from the surface in the heat affected zone of galvanized TBF steels were observed, while corrosion started rapidly in the welding region of ungalvanized TBF steels. The highest hardness values were observed in ITAB on the TBF steel side. However, a significant softening occurred in the transition zone between the ITAB and base metal on the TBF steel side. The nugget size, indentation depth and load bearing capacity were found to be relatively higher in the galvanized TBF steel group. In dissimilar electrical resistance spot welded TBF/DP600 steel sheets having the same thickness, DP600 steel with lower strength has determined the welding strength. In high heat input during welding process, fractures are of the fusion zone button type with higher welding strength, while fractures are of partial fusion zone button type with lower welding strength in low heat input. If TBF steel is galvanized, relatively higher welding strength was obtained in the welding parameters that provide relatively lower heat input.
Sürücü özellikleri, anket türü ve levha tasarımının trafik levhalarının doğru bilinme düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: MUTU Melis Azel , YAKAR Ferit
Published: January 2022

Trafik işaretlerinin trafik güvenliğini artırması için trafik işaretlerinin anlamı yol kullanıcıları tarafından doğru olarak bilinmelidir. Bu çalışmada trafik levhalarının bilinirliği, yapılan anketten yola çıkarak ele alınmıştır.

Çalışmanın ilk amacı; sürücü özellikleri ile trafik işaretlerinin bilinirliği arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. İstatistiksel testler gerçekleştirilmiş ve 4 değişkenin sürücülerin seçilen trafik işaretlerini bilme düzeyinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

Diğer bir amaç ise yapılan anketin türünün trafik levhalarının bilinme ölçümüne etkisini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, seçilen trafik levhaları aynı anket katılımcılarına hem açık uçlu hem de çoktan seçmeli formlarda sorulmuştur. Sonuçlar üzerinde "Bağımlı Örneklem t Testi" yapılmış ve açık uçlu ve çoktan seçmeli anketlerin sonuçları arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmiştir.

Son olarak, levha tasarımının trafik işaretlerinin bilinirliğine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, yapılan ankete sürücü belgesi olmayan (trafik eğitimi almamış) katılımcılar dahil edilmiş ve bu katılımcılar tarafından bile doğru bilinen 8 levha "İyi Tasarlanmış Levhalar" olarak adlandırılmıştır. Benzer şekilde, 7 levha "Kötü Tasarlanmış Levhalar" olarak adlandırılmıştır. Yapılan "Bağımlı Örneklem t Testi" sonucu, İyi Tasarlanmış ve Kötü Tasarlanmış levhaların bilinme seviyeleri arasında büyük bir fark olduğunu göstermiştir.

Sonuç olarak, "İyi Tasarlanmış" levhaların tasarım özelliklerinin, "Kötü Tasarlanmış" levhaların tasarımlarını iyileştirmek için analiz edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmanın sonuçları trafik eğitimleri ve kampanyalarının içeriklerinin hazırlanmasında kullanılabilir.
Miradas y tensiones en torno a la nacionalidad de personas migrantes en la atención de salud en José C. Paz
Authors: Estrella Paula V.
Published: January 2022

En Argentina, los procesos migratorios han tenido diferentes niveles de legitimación de acuerdo con los países de origen de las personas migrantes, así como por medio de discursos políticos oficiales y académicos, que permearon a la opinión pública a través de los medios de comunicación. Las miradas que se fueron construyendo históricamente en torno a los «otros» migrantes se reproducen y actualizan en diversos ámbitos. Abordamos las miradas y tensiones vinculadas a la nacionalidad de migrantes expresadas por el personal de salud y por las mujeres migrantes usuarias de centros de atención primaria de la salud (CAPS) en el Municipio de José C. Paz, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, para conocer cómo conciben sus interacciones y la atención de salud. A partir de ello buscamos desentrañar la lógica (o lógicas) por la cual se marcan o desmarcan «diferencias» de nacionalidad en distintos contextos. Para ello efectuamos un estudio exploratorio de corte transversal desde un enfoque cualitativo. Integramos el análisis de fuentes secundarias con la producción de fuentes primarias (a partir de observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas). En total realizamos 23 entrevistas, 12 a mujeres usuarias migrantes y 11 a trabajadores/as de tres centros de atención primaria de la salud (CAPS), durante febrero y marzo de 2019.
«Hicieron todo conmigo, pero no han podido al final»: contínuum de violències, agència i resistències en les migracions forçades per raons de gènere
Authors: Brotad Vives Catalina Maria
Published: January 2022

Les migracions forçades per raons de gènere són moviments principalment de dones que per motius relacionats amb les violències masclistes s’escapen del lloc d’origen o no hi tornen. En el present article, el gènere és la categoria d’anàlisi i des de l’etnografia amb orientació feminista s’estudia com influeix en les trajectòries de vida d’aquestes dones. El contínuum de violències que viuen en les etapes del procés migratori —origen, motius de fugida o no retorn, viatge i país d’arribada/destinació— està marcat pel patriarcat però també per la intersecció amb altres sistemes de dominació com són el racisme, el classisme, l’edadisme i el capacitisme. Les violències es duen a terme en espais privats i públics (àmbit familiar, comunitari i estatal), majoritàriament són exercides per homes i es reprodueixen en un camp social transnacional, creant noves formes d’estratificació global. Depressió, soledat, aïllament, enyorança i precarietat són algunes de les conseqüències d’aquestes vivències. La capacitat d’agència i les estratègies de resistència per a la supervivència són múltiples: acceptar de manera conscient, escapar-se i implicar-se per posar fi a les violències masclistes. Les dones van desfent-se de les imposicions patriarcals, passen de ser víctimes a supervivents i, per tant, esdevenen subjectes actius de canvi i transformació.
Itinerarios terapéuticos de la caries dental: de las teorías biologicistas a las construcciones y lógicas culturales en Tanzania
Authors: López Salvador Sofía
Published: January 2022

La forma de entender la etiología de la caries dental ha ido cambiando a través de la historia. Desde teorías unicausales a las multicausales, en donde el diente susceptible y los tejidos adyacentes, las bacterias, el sustrato oral y el tiempo son los factores involucrados en su aparición, predominando así un enfoque biologicista, dejando de lado factores socioeconómicos y culturales que tienen un peso muy importante a la hora del análisis del riesgo. Como se muestra en este artículo, las lógicas y construcciones culturales que giran en torno a la caries dental tienen un peso igual o más relevante que los factores etiológicos orgánicos. Incluir aspectos socioculturales en nuevas investigaciones puede llevar a manejar y direccionar mejor los tratamientos dependiendo del contexto cultural en donde se produce la enfermedad. En este artículo se intenta abordar el tema de la caries dental a través de metodologías cualitativas en la comunidad de Kikavu Chini, en la región del Kilimanjaro, en Tanzania. Se pretende incorporar a través de entrevistas y observación participante una mirada mucho más integral de la caries dental, teniendo en cuenta los factores socioeconómicos, pero, sobre todo, se intenta entender la enfermedad a través de la construcción cultural de esta.
Reflexiones antropológicas ante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Maure Julieta M.
Published: January 2022

Reseña del libro: Evangelidou, S. y Martínez-Hernáez, A. (eds.) (2020). RESET. Reflexiones antropológicas ante la pandemia de COVID-19. Tarragona: Publicacions URV.
Aproximaciones a la migración inmóvil en el contexto de la diáspora y la crisis venezolana
Authors: D’Hers Del Pozo Manuel
Published: January 2022

En la actualidad, Venezuela atraviesa una de las crisis más delicadas en su historia moderna y ésta se traduce en más de cinco millones de migrantes y refugiados. Partiendo de este escenario, esta investigación1 busca aproximarse al estudio de la diáspora venezolana, pero desde la mirada y perspectiva de quien permanece en su lugar de origen, de donde nace el concepto de «migración inmóvil». Para ello hemos decidido realizar un trabajo exploratorio, a través de ocho entrevistas en profundidad a personas que permanecen en Venezuela y que, sin embargo, se sienten migrantes a consecuencia de los cambios acontecidos en su entorno. En este sentido, el presente artículo busca describir cuáles son los principales cambios que experimentan los migrantes inmóviles, así como también indagar de qué manera se transforman las relaciones que los migrantes inmóviles establecen con su entorno físico (la ciudad, el espacio público) y social (familiar, comunitario). Y, finalmente, identifica cuáles son las iniciativas de adaptación y de resistencia que la migración inmóvil lleva a cabo en su lucha por subsistir.
Editorial
Authors: Arxiu Revista
Published: January 2022

El volum d’enguany és una mica més llarg que els d’anys anteriors. Conté deu articles, a més de les ressenyes i les notes de recerca, que són habituals i que apareixen al final del volum. Pel que fa als articles, com sempre combinen les aportacions d’investigadors consolidats i d’estudiants que han excel·lit en el treballs de fi de màster o que elaboren tesi doctoral.
El libro de los huertos en flor
Authors: Moscoso García Francisco
Published: January 2022

Al-Garnāṭi, Ibn ʿĀṣim: El libro de los huertos en flor (ḥadāʾiq al-azāhir). Cuentos, refranes y anécdotas de la Granada nazarí. Traducción, estudio preliminar y notas de Desirée López Bernal. Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2019, 573 págs.
Presentació
Authors: Samper Prunera Emili
Published: January 2022

Després de nou anys de publicació ininterrompuda dels Estudis de Literatura Oral Popular, presentem el desè número de la revista que recull, precisament, deu estudis de temàtica i procediments d’anàlisi diferents que tenen en comp- te la cançó, la llegenda, la figura de la dona, la narració professional, la folklorista Palmira Jaquetti i el conreu del folklore.
El empoderamiento de las mujeres versolaris en Euskal Herria
Authors: Lasarte Leonet Gema , Vizcarra Morales María Teresa , Perales-Fernández-de-Gamboa Andrea , Ugalde Gorostiza Ana Isabel
Published: January 2022

A comienzos del siglo XX, salvo raras excepciones, se conocían mujeres versolaris en el mundo del bertsolarismo. Datos de 2014 confirman que son mujeres el 48% de las participantes en escuelas infantiles de bertso, el 26% de las inscritas en las escuelas de adultos y el 20% de las presentes en la plaza. En un siglo ha cambiado radicalmente la presencia de las mujeres en el bertsolarismo. Este artículo incide en los factores que han llevado a estas versolaris del silencio a cantar con una voz propia. Los motivos principales de estos cambios son la creación de la Asociación de Amigos del Bertsolarismo, el desarrollo de las escuelas de bertsos y el feminismo. Investigamos las iniciativas de estas versolaris y consideramos varias estrategias iniciadas por la Comisión de Género perteneciente a la Asociación de Amigos del Bertsolarismo. Las mujeres están movilizando un área masculina desde hace 200 años. Lo más notable es que en las últimas tres décadas, por iniciativa de las versolaris o por influencia de la Comisión de Género perteneciente a la Asociación de Amigos de Bertsolarismo, las versolaris están visibilizándose y empoderándose. Usamos el método cualitativo para esta investigación por medio de las entrevistas, y así se recogen 25 voces representativas de ese proceso de empoderamiento.
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A començaments del segle XX, excepte rares excepcions, es coneixien dones bertsolaris al món del bertsolarisme. Dades de 2014 confirmen que són dones el 48% de les participants en escoles infantils de vers, el 26% de les inscrites a les escoles d’adults i el 20% de les presents a la plaça. En un segle ha canviat radicalment la presència de les dones en el bertsolarisme. Aquest article incideix en els factors que han portat a aquestes bertsolaris del silenci a cantar amb una veu pròpia. Els motius principals d’aquests canvis són la creació de l’Associació d’Amics del Bertsolarisme, el desenvolupament de les escoles de bertsos i el feminisme. Investiguem les iniciatives d’aquestes bertsolaris i considerem diverses estratègies iniciades per la Comissió de Gènere pertanyent a l’Associació d’Amics del Bertsolarisme. Les dones estan mobilitzant una àrea masculina des de fa 200 anys. El més notable és que en les últimes tres dècades, per iniciativa de les bertsolaris o per influència de la Comissió de gènere pertanyent a l’Associació d’Amics del Bertsolarisme, les bertsolaris estan fent-se visibles i s’empoderen. Fem servir el mètode qualitatiu per a aquesta investigació per mitjà de les entrevistes, i així es recullen 25 veus representatives d’aquest procés d’empoderament.
Comercio alimentario de proximidad ¿un parámetro legal eficaz para lograr la sostenibilidad alimentaria?
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Marta J.
Published: January 2022

Short food supply chains have been having a great impact in Europe’s society since 90s, raising as an alternative model to the current dominant agro-industrial regime. Setting the ecological transition of agri-food law as a main theme, this study presents a legal investigation on the relevance of short food supply chains in the development of more environmentally sustainable agri-food systems. To do this, an analysis of legal definitions related to short food supply chains collected by European, Spanish and regional regulations has been performed. The aim of this study is to elucidate whether the legal regime of short food supply chains, as defined by the different regulations, is an effective instrument in the construction of more environmentally sustainable agri-food systems.
Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students towards violence against women and their occupational roles in addressing violence
Authors: Gul Pinar , Ebru Pınar
Published: January 2022

Aim: This study was performed in order to determine the attitudes of nursing students towards violence against women (VAW) and their occupational roles in addressing violence. Method: This descriptive study was conducted on nursing students (n=108) at a State University in Ankara, Turkey. 1) Personal information form, 2) The attitudes towards VAW, and 3) The attitudes towards occupational role VAW scale were used for data collection. In data evaluation, frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test for independent samples and one-way analysis of variance tests were used. Results: The mean age of the students was 20.13±1.17 (min: 18, max: 26). It was determined that the mean of the VAW attitudes of the students of nursing is 74.15±12.01. The attitudes of the students were found far from the modern view. Female students were closer to the conservative view (p<0.05). The mean of attitude of the students related to the occupational role is 70.24±9.30. The students were did not have a tendency for supportive occupation roles towards VAW. Students’ age, parents’ education and profession, income level, and residence were not found to influence the attitude towards VAW and their occupational roles in addressing violence (p> 0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, non-contemporary attitudes and disapprove occupational roles towards VAW are still a major problem among nursing students. The nursing students should be educated in terms of awareness and knowledge towards VAW.
Skim Milk Flocculation and RNA Extraction for SARS-CoV-2 Viral Capture v1
Authors: Dunbar Jillian , P Hilton Stephen , VanTassell Jamie , Raymond Julia , K Wolfe Marlene , Liu Pengbo , Moe Christine
Published: January 2022

This protocols describes the use of Skim Milk Flocculation to concentrate and extract SARS-CoV-2 from Moore swab wastewater samples. Included in this protocol are: materials and equipment, steps for processing Moore swabs, and steps for concentrating and extracting the virus using the Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kit.
Step by step guide to tag endogenous genes with split-wrmScarlet and/or split-sfGFP in C. elegans v2
Authors: F Goudeau Jerome , Kenyon Cynthia , Ingaramo Maria
Published: January 2022

Here is a step by step protocol describing our strategy to label endogenous proteins with split-sfGFP and/or split-wrmScarlet in C. elegans. See our manuscript "Split-wrmScarlet and split-sfGFP: tools for faster, easier fluorescent labeling of endogenous proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans " for more details.
Inorganic polyphosphate from microalgae: A DAPI-based estimation in microtiter plate v4
Authors: Hu Yingyu , V Finkel Zoe
Published: January 2022

The DAPI-based fluorometric estimation of polyphosphate from microalgae has been widely used in field samples since the method was published by Martin P. et al., where fluorescence of DAPI-stained samples is analyzed in quartz cuvettes by spectrofluorometer. In order to minimize the photobleaching of DAPI and reduce the consumption of reagent, time and labor, we have now scaled this method to 96-well black microtiter plate. Regarding to the matrix effects in microplate, the calculation has been modified accordingly. Our method permits processing nine samples by using only 250 uL of extracted sample, 500 uL of RNase, 500 uL of DNase, 1000 uL of proteinase and <2000 uL of DAPI (100 uM). A lid with black film can protect all DAPI-stained samples from photobleaching.
Применение элементов теории узлов к автоматизированному проектированию монгольских плетёнок
Authors:   Институт физического материаловедения СО РАН, Кочева Т.В.
Published: January 2022

У многих народов имеется традиция использования разнообразных узлов в хозяйственных и иных целях. Красивые рисованные узлы издревле применяются для украшения многих предметов, и в наше время широко используются дизайнерами. Почти два столетия тому назад изучением узлов занялись математики, и с тех пор теория узлов успешно развивается, находя применение в разных научных направлениях — физике, биологии, искусстве. В статье описана попытка классификации традиционных монгольских плетёных орнаментов по таблицам простых узлов с целью усовершенствования работы автоматизированного редактора плетёнок MonPlet.
Hryshchenko T. A. Zbigniew Brzezinski. International strategist in the coordinates of history. Kyiv-Nizhyn: Publisher Lysenko M. M., 2020. 341 p.
Authors:   Institute of History of Ukraine, NASU, Martynov Andrii
Published: January 2022

The review dissects a monograph on the intellectual biography of Z. Brzezinski. The author of the monograph systematically and comparatively considered the conceptual and theoretical approaches of this American strategist against the backdrop of Cold War era and the unipolar world after the victory of the United States over the USSR. Z. Brzezinski was a great promoter and visionary of Ukraine, consistently advocated the rapprochement of the Ukrainian and Polish peoples in a united democratic Europe. In our opinion, an important place in the historiography of research on the influence of Z. Brzezinski on world history will be occupied by the study of Taras A. Hryshchenko. The author of the monograph advanced into methodological agenda seven groups of typologically different sources related to the stages of formation, development and public perception of international strategic concepts of Z. Brzezinski. Z. Brzezinski’s world outlooks and anti-communist guidelines were optimal for the development and implementation of a course in the field of US national security during the administration of President J. Carter. Particularly relevant to current international relations is the author’s rethinking the comparative aspect of the concepts of globalization and the role of the United States in this process, which belong to Z. Brzezinski and his colleagues S. Huntington and G. Kissinger. Z. Brzezinski’s strategic concepts best meet the needs of preserving the global leadership role of the United States in the complex and contradictory world of the 21st century. The conclusions of the monograph brief why the hereditary generation of intellectual successors of the tradition of analysis of international relations, founded by Z. Brzezinski, was not formed clearly enough. These reasons include the declining interest in American society in grand strategy, the excessive social impact of the information technology sector and entertainment manufacturers, and the tendency toward self-destructive hostility among the American political establishment.
The Greek factor of the US Mediterranean Policy in the second half of 1940s – late 1980s
Authors:   Odessa I. I. Mechnicov National University, Kovalskyi Stanislav
Published: January 2022

Greece is an essential part of the Mediterranean and Middle East security system. Home and foreign policy of Greece became a factor of the critical importance for the US. The author`s vision of the Greek factor’s impact on the US Mediterranean policy was presented in the article. Research objective. The paper is devoted to the US Mediterranean policy and the Greek factor in the context of the Cold War. The purpose of the presented study is to research connection between Greek home and foreign policy to the US strategy in the region. Scientific novelty. The innovative nature of the article lies in the revision of the US Mediterranean policy according to political processes in Greece. A special attention was paid on regional strategic developments and US adaptation to them. Research methods. The system analysis was used in the article to research geopolitical and economic interests of the USA in the regional dimension. The history and genetic method is used in the article also. Conclusions. Greece played an important role in the US foreign policy throughout the Cold War. Greece was regarded not only as an equal partner, but also as a guarantor of the stability of NATO’s Southern Flank. Greece policy`s influence on the US Mediterranean policy had formed the so-called Greek factor. During the Cold war Greek factor forced the US to adapt. Such aspects as Truman doctrine, Cyprus problem, regime of Greek junta prioritized American policy in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East. Temporal withdrawal of Greece from NATO and emergence of Greek anti-Americanism were the most difficult stages of the US Mediterranean policy. By the end of the Cold War political anti-Americanism transformed into terrorist threat. The current situation in the Middle East region makes the US Mediterranean policy relevant. And its research has a prospect for a future survey.
United States – United Kingdom military cooperation under Donald Trump’s administration (2017 – 2021)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lutsenko Nazarii
Published: January 2022

This article refers to military cooperation between the United States and Great Britain. Their relationship constitutes an important component of the system of the international relations. Both countries have nuclear weapons and the latest military technology. Both states are sending troops to resolve military conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa. The United States and the United Kingdom provide a significant support to Ukraine in its confrontation with the Russian Federation. Methodology. The research is based on chronological, historical-political and comparative methods. The purpose of the article is to study the changes and the development of the US-British bilateral relations in the context of military cooperation. Looking at the results of this study, the US-British military relations under the Donald Trump administration have not changed. The article illustrates that the United States and the United Kingdom are the main partners in the production of weapons and equipment, strategic planning of operations. British ships in the Asian-Pacific and Middle East plying with the US Navy, repeatedly conducted joint exercises. These are the only countries that conduct the bilateral military exercises almost every year. Under the premiership of Theresa May and Boris Johnson, the United Kingdom pursued a foreign policy strategy which is called Global Britain. The main goal is to make the country more powerful in the international arena. At the same time Donald Trump`s main strategy was to «Made America great again». So, sometimes there were some political discussions among political leaders how to react and to solve the problems in the Middle East, especially in Iraq. However, this did not affect the proximity of the military partnership. Both countries work closely together in the military force and in intelligence.