bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asthma Activity and Respiratory Morbidity in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Retrospective Comparative Observational Study
Authors: Levina Julia G. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Vishneva Elena A. , Efendieva Kamilla E. , Alekseeva Anna A. , Kalugina Vera G. , Arimova Polina S. , Volkov Konstantin S. , Denisova Anita R.
Published: December 2020

Background. According to available studies during the pandemic, the incidence of COVID-19 among children was significantly lower than among adults. However, it remains unclear whether children with allergies and asthma are at risk for COVID-19 and whether the respiratory morbidity have changed during the pandemic in children with asthma as well as the asthma activity.
Aims to determine the respiratory morbidity in children with and without asthma before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to estimate asthma activity.
Methods. The main group was formed of 60 children 617 y.o with confirmed asthma diagnosis, the control group from 30 children aged 617 y.o. without asthma. Data on outcomes in children with asthma and in control group were obtained on the basis of the retrospective collected information from medical records of patients and from questionnaires, filled during telephone call in 2020. Respiratory morbidity was estimated in 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic period in 2020 till the end of May.
Results. The incidence of upper respiratory tract infections has decreased in 2020 in 72% of children with asthma by an average of 53%; in 86% of children without by an average of 62%. The frequency of lower respiratory tract infections decreased in 37% of children with asthma by an average of 61%, in 20% of children without asthma on 100%. According to the patients parents answers, none of the children were diagnosed with COVID-19. The number of episodes which required additional anti-asthma therapy decreased or didnt change in 77% of patients. According to the results of the Asthma Control Test in 2020 asthma was fully controlled in 82% of patients, 65% of patients had complete adherence to therapy.
Conclusions. Children with asthma and allergies, as well as healthy children, do not seem to be at risk of contracting a new coronavirus infection. Lockdown, good adherence to therapy in children with asthma had a positive impact, led to a decrease of respiratory morbidity, exacerbations of asthma, improved disease control. Further monitoring of children with allergies and asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic is required.
O princípio da equivalência envolvendo cargas elétricas: a contribuição de Rohrlich para a discussão desseclássico problema
Authors: Evangelista Edgard de Freitas Diniz
Published: December 2020

O princípio da equivalência é um conceito fundamental da relatividade geral e traduz essencialmente a igualdade entre massa inercial e gravitacional. As idealizações a respeito do “elevador de Einstein” contendo observadores e massas de prova permitem que tal conceito seja facilmente compreensível, porém o cenário se torna mais complexo quando há cargas elétricas envolvidas em virtude de estas emitirem radiação quando aceleradas. De forma precipitada, poderíamos afirmar que uma carga em repouso em um campo gravitacional (CG) não irradia, enquanto outra dentro de um elevador acelerado em relação a um referencial inercial emite radiação, aparentemente violando o princípio da equivalência. Tal problema gerou muita discussão e mostramos aqui a análise apresentada por Fritz Rohrlich na década de 1960. O autor demonstra que o campo eletromagnético de uma carga acelerada apresenta forma radiativa apenas em alguns referenciais, não tendo tal fenômeno portando caráter absoluto. A abordagem é simples e define a curvatura do espaço-tempo como nula no domínio, não representando assim uma solução para o aparente paradoxo (pois não considera um CG real); entretanto seus resultados têm interesse didático pois servem como motivação para uma reflexão mais profunda e ajudam na compreensão de que não há incompatibilidade entre o princípio da equivalência e cargas elétricas. Essa discussão serve também como ponto de partida para trabalhos mais recentes e abrangentes sobre o problema.
VOZES DO MUNDO DO TRABALHO NAS OBRAS DE LUIZ RUFFATO E RONIWALTER JATOBÁ
Authors: Fanini Angela Maria Rubel
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este estudo se baseia nas ideias de Mikhail Bakhtin e o Círculo russo, que percebem a linguagem e sua interação com o contexto. A partir dessa base teórica, analisa as obras No chão da fábrica, de Roniwalter Jatobá, e De mim já não se lembra, de Luiz Ruffato, escritores brasileiros do século XX, focalizando a vida laboral de personagens de estratos sociais economicamente desfavorecidos, advindos de regiões pobres do país em sua trajetória até São Paulo em busca de melhoria de vida. Detém-se em suas falas, em que avultam as contradições de classe social, visto que as condições degradantes de trabalho em que estão inseridos nas atividades fabris entram em conflito com certo ideário enobrecedor do universo laboral. O discurso enaltecedor do trabalho de estrato burguês é assimilado pela classe trabalhadora, mas entra em conflito com a realidade inóspita do cenário laboral, ocasionando um deslocamento do discurso em relação à práxis cotidiana.
SOBRE O NARCISISMO DISCURSIVO: “EU, PARA MIM”
Authors: Cattelan João Carlos
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este trabalho tem o objetivo de dar sustentação à hipótese de que o discurso, às vezes, é comandado por um funcionamento narcisista, simulando-se cordial e flexível (nem sempre), quando, em última instância, apenas almeja (e luta de forma contundente) manter-se numa mirada pessoal e evitar a polêmica e a revisão. O corpus de dados é constituído por memes retirados de postagens no facebook. Vale-se, como amparo teórico para a constituição do estudo, de postulados da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa, de alguns pleitos da pragmática linguística e, sobretudo, da teorização de Freud sobre o desejo narcísico do indivíduo de transformar o mundo no espelho em que se contempla.
Do Groupe de recherche sur la socialisation ao Centre Max Weber: o conceito de socialização nas pesquisas atuais - por Sylvia Faure
Authors: Setton Maria da Graça Jacintho , Bozzetto Adriana
Published: December 2020

Resumo O Groupe de recherche sur la socialisation, que há mais de 30 anos mantém suas atividades científicas voltadas para o estudo dos processos de socialização no espaço acadêmico francês, foi inserido, em 2011, em um novo laboratório chamado Centre Max Weber, da Universidade de Lyon 2, que incluiu também outros grupos de pesquisa. Para conhecer aspectos dessa transição, a entrevista foi realizada com a socióloga e pesquisadora Sylvia Faure. Para além de relatar a atual composição do laboratório Centre Max Weber, e em particular da equipe MEPS - Modos, espaços e processos de socialização, da qual faz parte, procura atualizar a maneira como a pesquisa é conduzida na configuração atual do grupo, os temas e os modos de (re)pensar o conceito de socialização.
Fabrication of Reduced Graphene Oxide Paper Doped with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Flexible Electrode Material
Authors: ERÇARIKCI Elif , ALANYALIOĞLU Murat
Published: December 2020

The conventional electrodes like glassy carbon electrode and graphite are restricted for large-scale electrochemical production and in-vivo applications. Therefore, flexible electrodes are beginning to replace with such electrodes. This work reports a simple preparation of flexible paper-like electrode material (FPEM) including reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) for possible electrochemical applications. For this purpose, graphene oxide dispersion was interacted with ZnONPs, filtered under vacuum effect through a membrane, peeled off the membrane and then reduced by hydrothermal reduction process. This FPEM was performed as working electrode for some redox processes and results revealed that rGO/ZnONPs paper allows a large potential region in acidic, basic, and neutral media for electrochemical processes.
Checking the Possibility of an International Comparative Study of Reading Literacy Assessment for Children Starting School
Authors: Ivanova Alina , Kardanova Elena
Published: December 2020

The early years of school, when a child is only learning to read, are critically important for later development and learning. Cross-cultural comparative assessments of reading literacy provide a rich source of data for researchers, practitioners and politicians on the opportunities and prospects of early childhood development in different countries, circumstances and contexts. There are few publications of this sort available, and none of them has involved Russian-speaking children on entry to school so far.Data obtained using two language versions of the International Performance Indicators in Primary Schools (iPIPS) on representative samples of first-graders from the Republic of Tatarstan and Scotland is used to compare the early reading assessment results between children starting school in countries with linguistic, cultural, and school entry age differences.Two studies are conducted to analyze the possible methods of comparing assessment results of children from different countries in the absence of a common measurement scale. The first study uses the rank-ordering method to establish a correspondence between the levels of reading literacy among Russian- and English-speaking children by expert judgment. In the second study, the obtained model of literacy levels is used to establish the cut-off scores (benchmarks) of student assessment outcomes.
Turismos, sustentabilidades e pandemias: incertezas e caminhos possíveis para planejamento turístico no horizonte da Agenda 2030
Authors: Irving Marta De Azevedo , Coelho André Meyer , Arruda Thaiane Oliveira
Published: December 2020

O debate crítico sobre o turismo, seus significados contemporâneos e seus efeitos no contexto de uma sociedade em crise, em razão da insustentabilidade do modelo de desenvolvimento vigente, têm inspirado inúmeras pesquisas acadêmicas nos últimos anos. Esse tema vem também adquirindo centralidade no contexto da Pandemia da Covid-19. Com base nesses antecedentes, esse ensaio teórico, baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, objetiva problematizar o turismo enquanto objeto de pesquisa e investigar, no plano de políticas públicas globais os principais caminhos delineados a partir da Rio 92, bem como discutir alternativas possíveis para o planejamento turístico, no pós-pandemia da Covid-19, considerando o horizonte da Agenda 2030. Por meio da análise realizada pode-se afirmar que o tema da sustentabilidade no turismo vem sendo prioritariamente abordado em pesquisa e políticas públicas, pela via operacional do mercado, embora as nuances socio ambientais e éticas associadas a esse debate sejam cada vez mais evidentes em uma projeção de futuro, o que pressupõe novas epistemologias para apreensão desse fenômeno complexo contemporâneo.
Kivilompolo Mo mineralization in the Peräpohja belt revisited: Trace element geochemistry and Re-Os dating of molybdenite
Authors:   Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu, Ranta Jukka-Pekka , Hanski Eero ,   Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu, Stein Holly ,   AIRIE Program, Colorado State University,   Institute of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Goode Matthew ,   84 Ballinteer Park, Ballinteer, Dublin 16, D16 HK46, Ireland, Mäki Timo ,   Näsilinnankatu 7 D 48, 33210 Tampere, Finland, Taivalkoski Atte ,   Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu
Published: December 2020

The Kivilompolo molybdenite occurrence is located in the northern part of the Peräpoh jabelt, within the lithodemic Ylitornio nappe complex. It is hosted within a deformed porphyritic granite belonging to the pre-orogenic 1.99 Ga Kierovaara suite. The minerali-zation occurs mostly as coarse-grained molybdenite flakes in boudinaged quartz veins, with minor chalcopyrite, pyrite, magnetite, and ilmenite. In this study, we report new geochemical data from the host-rock granite and Re-Os dating results of molybdenite from the mineralization. For the whole-rock geochemistry, the mineralized granite is similar to the Kierovaara suite granites analyzed in previous studies. Also, the ca. 2.0 Ga Re-Os age for molybdenite is equal, within error, to the U-Pb zircon age of the Kierovaara suite granite. In addition, similar molybdenite and uraninite ages have been reported from the Rompas-Rajapalot Au-Co occurrence located 30 km NE of Kivilompolo. We propose that the magmatism at around 2.0 Ga ago initiated the hydrothermal circulation that was responsible for the formation of the molybdenite mineralization at Kivilompolo and the primary uranium mineralization associated with the Rompas-Rajapalot Au-Co occurrence or at least, the magmas provided heating, and in addition potentially saline magmatic fluids and metals from a large, cooling magmatic-hydrothermal system.
La respuesta de la República ante la rebelión del 6 de octubre de 1934 en Cataluña
Authors: Fossas Espadaler Enric
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se examina la respuesta que dio la Segunda República al intento de rebelión que tuvo lugar en Cataluña el 6 de octubre de 1934. El presidente de la Generalitat, Lluís Companys, proclamó ese día el «Estado catalán de la República federal española», rompiendo con las instituciones centrales y asumiendo todos los poderes en la región autónoma de Cataluña. La insurgencia fracasó y se desplegaron diversos mecanismos de defensa de la Constitución en tres ámbitos. En el militar, con la declaración del estado de guerra, la intervención de la Generalitat por el Ejército, y la instrucción de causas militares. En el político, con la suspensión de la autonomía mediante la Ley de 2 de enero de 1935 y la designación de un gobernador como presidente de la Generalitat. Y en el judicial, con el proceso penal seguido contra Companys y el Gobierno de Cataluña ante el Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales por un delito de rebelión militar. El final de este oscuro episodio de nuestra historia constitucional puso de manifiesto la debilidad de las garantías jurídicas de la Constitución en un contexto de profundos enfrentamientos políticos y sociales.
Effect of Oblateness of the Secondary up to J4 on L4,5 in the Photogravitaional ER3BP
Authors: Suleiman Rukkayat , Singh Jagadish , Umar Aishetu
Published: December 2020

In a synodic-pulsating dimensionless coordinate, with a luminous primary and an oblate secondary, we examine the effects of radiation pressure, oblateness (quadruple and octupolar i.e. ) and eccentricity of the orbits of the primaries on the triangular points in the ER3BP. have been shown to disturb the motion of an infinitesimal body and particularly has significant effects on a satellite’s secular perturbation and orbital precessions. The influence of these parameters on the triangular points of Zeta Cygni, 54 Piscium and Procyon A/B are highlighted in this study. Triangular points are stable in the range and their stability is affected by said parameters.
Hydrothermal Behavior of Transient Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Through a Rotating Curved Rectangular Duct with Natural and Forced Convection
Authors: Chanda Ratan Kumar , Hasan Mohammad Sanjeed , Alam Md. Mahmud , Mondal Rabindra Nath
Published: December 2020

The present work explores a spectral-based computational study on hydrothermal behavior of transient fluid flow with natural and forced convective heat transfer through a rotating curved rectangular duct of strong curvature. The outer wall of the duct is heated while the inner wall cooled, the other walls being thermally insulated. The system rotates about the vertical axis in the positive and negative direction for the Taylor number (-1000≤Tr≤1000) with a constant non-dimensional pressure gradient force, the Dean number Dn = 2000. Time-history analysis is performed and fluid characteristics are well determined by depicting the phase space of the time-history result. It is found that the chaotic flow turns into steady-state flow through multi-periodic and periodic oscillating flows, if Tr is increased either in the positive or in the negative direction. Streamlines of secondary flow and isotherms are obtained at some specific values of Tr, and it is found that the time-dependent flow consists of asymmetric 2- to multi-vortex solutions. Vortex structure of secondary flows is obtained for physically realizable solutions and it is found that maximum 8-vortex is obtained for the chaotic solution while 2-vortex for the steady-state solution. Nusselt number as well as temperature gradient is calculated as an index of heat transfer, and it is found that convective heat transfer is significantly enhanced by the secondary flow; and the chaotic flow, which occurs relatively at small Tr, boosts heat transfer more effectively than the steady-state or other solutions. Finally, our numerical results have been validated with the experimental outcomes and it is found that there is a good agreement between the numerical and experimental investigations.
A Novel Algorithm to Evaluate Definite Integrals by the Gauss-Legendre Integration Rule Based on the Stochastic Arithmetic: Application in the Model of Osmosis System
Authors: Noeiaghdam Samad , Araghi Mohammad Ali Fariborzi
Published: December 2020

Finding the optimal iteration of Gaussian quadrature rule is one of the important problems in the computational methods. In this study, we apply the CESTAC (Controle et Estimation Stochastique des Arrondis de Calculs) method and the CADNA (Control of Accuracy and Debugging for Numerical Applications) library to find the optimal iteration and optimal approximation of the Gauss-Legendre integration rule (G-LIR). A theorem is proved to show the validation of the presented method based on the concept of the common significant digits. Applying this method, an improper integral in the solution of the model of the osmosis system is evaluated and the optimal results are obtained. Moreover, the accuracy of method is demonstrated by evaluating other definite integrals. The results of examples illustrate the importance of using the stochastic arithmetic in discrete case in comparison with the common computer arithmetic.
Climate strikes: Their value in engaging and educating secondary school students
Authors: Bright Ria , Eames Chris
Published: December 2020

The climate strikes of 2019, an extraordinary worldwide phenomenon, swiftly and succinctly showed the world the collective concern of youth. What insights might curriculum planning for climate-change education and classroom pedagogy gain from these climate strikes? Preliminary findings from this study identified four significant considerations in regard to climate-change education. First, the soaring level of climate anxiety among youth. Secondly, political literacy is as important as climate-change literacy for action. Thirdly, social justice is the key to engaging students in climate-change education. Fourthly, an inquiry-based pedagogy that considers the academic (head), emotional (heart), and practical (hands) is appropriate for climate-change education.
Tackling climate-science learning through futures thinking
Authors: Taylor Simon , Jones Ben
Published: December 2020

This study examined the role of a future-oriented scenario with secondary school students using diorama construction which included climate-change knowledge and envisioning alternative futures. To explore the potential role of futures-thinking modelling, students from one class participated in a 12-week cross-curricular inquiry with their teachers. Jensen’s (2002) dimensions of action-oriented knowledge are used to examine the climate-change knowledge developed by the students. Four common images of the future (Dator, 2014) are incorporated as models to forecast alternative futures. The findings suggest the value of future-oriented dioramas for developing climate-change understanding and futures thinking.
Disputed State, Contested Hospitality
Authors: Van Leuveren Bram
Published: December 2020

In December 1584, the States-General of the Union of Utrecht dispatched a special embassy to Paris to offer King Henry III of France the titular rule of their estates. Henry was to replace Philip II of Spain, the legitimate overlord of the seventeen provinces, whom the States-General had deposed in July 1581 in direct violation of the sacred institution of the monarchy. Although largely overlooked by historians, the special embassy provides a fascinating insight into the intricate European ramifications of the Union of Utrecht’s search for overlordship prior to the foundation of the Dutch Republic in April 1588. This article focuses on the divided reception of the special embassy to France from the perspective of the Union of Utrecht, especially among the powerful nobility of Holland, many of whom shared anti-French sentiments, and from the vantage point of the English and Spanish ambassadors in Paris, who tried to either intervene or obstruct the Dutch-French negotiations in a bid to alter Europe’s balance of power to their advantage. By bringing together dispatches and the reported reactions of Dutch, English, and Spanish emissaries that have not been studied in detail before, and never alongside each other, this article argues that Henry III’s calculated and pragmatic use of diplomatic ceremony played a defining role in managing the fraught relations between France and the Union of Utrecht, Spain, England, and the other Catholic powers at the French court.
Locating Early Modern Women’s Participation in the Public Sphere of Botany
Authors: Powell Catherine
Published: December 2020

Although we are frequently confronted with an image of early modern Dutch women as existing primarily, if not exclusively, within the realm of household management, the reality was far more nuanced. A case study of Agnes Block (1629-1704) shows that by focusing on relationships, she succeeded in participating in the creation and dissemination of knowledge of botany in the public sphere and achieved recognition in that sphere, notwithstanding the institutional limits imposed upon her due to her gender. By adapting our methodological and analytical frameworks, in this case by looking to social networks and the power of print media, we can recover the stories of early modern women that are otherwise obscured in the archives and write them into history.
Correlation of Tumor Hypoxia Metrics Derived from 18F-Fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography and Pimonidazole Fluorescence Images of Optically Cleared Brain Tissue
Authors: Scarpelli Matthew L. , Healey Debbie R. , Fuentes Alberto , Kodibagkar Vikram D. , Quarles C. Chad
Published: December 2020

18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET) is a widely used noninvasive imaging modality for assessing hypoxia. We describe the first spatial comparison of FMISO PET with an ex vivo reference standard for hypoxia across whole tumor volumes. Eighteen rats were orthotopically implanted with C6 or 9L brain tumors and made to undergo FMISO PET scanning. Whole brains were excised, sliced into 1-mm-thick sections, optically cleared, and fluorescently imaged for pimonidazole using an in vivo imaging system. FMISO maximum tumor uptake, maximum tumor-to-cerebellar uptake (TCmax), and hypoxic fraction (extracted 110 minutes after FMISO injection) were correlated with analogous metrics derived from pimonidazole fluorescence images. FMISO SUVmax was not significantly different between C6 and 9L brain tumors (P = 0.70), whereas FMISO TCmax and hypoxic fraction were significantly greater for C6 tumors (P < 0.01). FMISO TCmax was significantly correlated with the maximum tumor pimonidazole intensity (ρ = 0.76, P < 0.01), whereas FMISO SUVmax was not. FMISO tumor hypoxic fraction was significantly correlated with the pimonidazole-derived hypoxic fraction (ρ = 0.78, P < 0.01). Given that FMISO TCmax and tumor hypoxic fraction had strong correlations with the pimonidazole reference standard, these metrics may offer more reliable measures of tumor hypoxia than conventional PET uptake metrics (SUVmax). The voxel-wise correlation between FMISO uptake and pimonidazole intensity for a given tumor was strongly dependent on the tumor’s TCmax (ρ = 0.81, P < 0.01) and hypoxic fraction (ρ = 0.85, P < 0.01), indicating PET measurements within individual voxels showed greater correlation with pimonidazole reference standard in tumors with greater hypoxia.
Percepción del feminismo en mujeres y hombres de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Sacaquirin-Rivadeneira Cristina , Peña-Contreras Eva
Published: December 2020

El presente estudio explora las percepciones frente al feminismo tanto de mujeres y de hombres residentes en la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador, mediante la participación en grupos focales. En total se conformaron cinco grupos focales con 25 participantes (hombres y mujeres) en edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 60 años. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa Atlas.ti utilizando técnicas de codificación inductiva. De las narrativas recopiladas en este estudio se concluyó que, el feminismo se percibe desde una esfera colectiva e individual y, si bien ha logrado posicionar su lucha en torno al reconocimiento de los derechos de las mujeres, también se evidencian a su alrededor connotaciones y estereotipos de carácter negativo que se perciben influenciadas por diversos factores que responden a un contexto sociocultural específico. No obstante, se reivindicó el objetivo feminista en busca de la igualdad de derechos en las estructuras y prácticas sociales y se resaltó la necesidad del movimiento en la reeducación de las relaciones sociales de dominación y opresión tanto en el ámbito familiar como en el ámbito institucional.
Indicadores bacteriológicos de contaminación fecal en los ríos de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Pauta-Calle Guillermina , Vázquez Gabriela , Abril Andrea , Torres Carlos , Loja-Sari Miriam , Palta-Vera Andrea
Published: December 2020

Ante la necesidad de un control fiable de la condición microbiológica del agua es imprescindible la selección de indicadores de contaminación fecal sensibles a cambios en la calidad. En esta investigación se revisó la contaminación de los ríos de la ciudad de Cuenca: Tomebamba, Tarqui, Yanuncay y Machángara, empleando indicadores bacterianos tradicionales como los Coliformes Totales y Coliformes Fecales, y además los Estreptococos Fecales y Enterococos por su importancia en estudios de calidad de agua como indicadores alternativos y/o complementarios; todos los organismos proceden del tracto gastrointestinal del hombre y de los animales de sangre caliente y son excretados a través de las heces. Se realizaron tres campañas de monitoreo en cada río cubriendo períodos hidrológicos representativos: caudal alto, medio y bajo y en estaciones específicas, con un total de 78 muestras puntuales; se utilizó la técnica de los Tubos Múltiples expresado como NMP/100 ml, para la cuantificación de los indicadores. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias significativas de calidad entre tramos de cuenca y mostraron que los Estreptococos Fecales y los Enterococos se desempeñan como indicadores satisfactorios de contaminación fecal; aportan información al momento de definir los usos del recurso y complementan el diagnóstico brindado por los indicadores tradicionales; las relaciones entre indicadores permitieron identificar las posibles fuentes de contaminación. La evaluación integral de la calidad microbiológica de los cuerpos superficiales sugiere el uso de indicadores tradicionales y alternativos, sobre todo en ambientes peculiares, a la vez que permite tomar medidas correctivas específicas para el control de la contaminación.
Understanding on Climate Resilient Practices for Rainfed Rice-A Review
Authors: Ahmed Perves , Saikia Mrinal
Published: December 2020

Rice is one of the major staples feeding around 3.5 billion people in the world. Rainfed rice area account for 33% of the total world rice production. Its cultivation is vulnerable to changes in temperature and rainfall. Due to global climate changes, it is essential to analyze and characterize the weather parameters like rainfall, temperature, solar radiation etc., over a region for identifying location specific sowing time. A scientific approach based on appropriate understanding of weather resources and its application for efficient crop management can help in achieving higher productivity. Various studies revealed that changes in microclimate by altering sowing dates has great role to play during vegetative and reproductive stages of the crop and also nutrient content and its uptake which ultimately affects the yield potential. Studies also showed that delayed sowing and transplanting time can significantly affect on the infestation of pest and diseases.
Optimization of Process Parameters for Soaked Soybean Splits Roasting using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Balasubramanian S. , Shukla Vikash , Singh Rongen
Published: December 2020

Background: Generally, roasting of any food grains or legumes are carried out to improve the palatability and to improve the special characteristics like physical texture, colour and etc., Methods: This study was carried out to optimize the process parameter for soaked soybean splits in an open type LPG gas assisted soybean roaster using response surface methodology with process variables viz., soaking time and roasting time. The capacity of soybean roaster is 15 kg/batch, rotating drum speed with 24 rpm and power operated with a 0.5 hp electric motor. A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to select variables level i.e. soaking time (60-180 min) and roasting time (4-10 min).Result: The effect of moisture content on some physical properties of soybean seed and split were determined. The results showed that the roasted soybean splits increased linearly in length, width, thickness, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, square mean diameter, equivalent diameter, unit volume and surface area, where in sphericity, aspect ratio and shape factor decreased linearly with the increase in moisture content of soybean splits. The process variable had a significant effect on Hunter color and textural properties. The optimized soaking time and roasting time in the developed roaster is 123.362 min and 7.702 min, respectively.
Impact of COVID-19 on Global Dairy Supply Chain: A Review
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Sinha Jaya
Published: December 2020

Background: Disruption through present pandemic is applicable to almost all the sectors of economy. However, impact on Indian food and dairy industry is largely experienced considering it as the livelihood of sizable stakeholders emphasizing small and marginal farmers. Present study is undertaken to examine the global assessment of dairy supply chain with emphasizing on India, USA and Canada, which will be important to observe positive and negative trends of Covid-19 and suggesting appropriate measures for dealing with present and similar situations in near future.Methods: Systematic literature review assessment had been followed from major web platforms like Jgate, Ebsco database and popular news articles were explored since December 2019 to April 2020 for the study purpose. Conclusion: Along with supply chain assessment through its various components, it was observed that although different countries have negative effect on the dairy communities, but these adverse situations can be converted into new possibilities for expansion. It was also observed that dairy industry has the potential to convert present crisis into opportunity thereby not only concentrating on health part of consumers but also contributing towards generating employment.
Genetic Variability for Pod Yield and Component Traits in Sugar Snaps (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum)
Authors: Chauhan Ajay , Sharma Akhilesh , Sharma Parveen , Katoch Viveka , Chadha Sanjay , Kumari Vedna
Published: December 2020

Background: Edible podded pea is an oriental vegetable crop which shares the cultivation pattern with the garden pea. Fresh tender pods lacking parchment layer are consumed whole like beans. It is a newly introduced crop in India and therefore, it would be imperative to identify the most promising genotypes vis-à-vis traits of interest, those contributing towards maximization of yield. The present investigation was, therefore, planned to assess the genetic parameters of variability for pod yield and related horticultural traits in order to identify the most promising edible pod pea genotypes Methods: Thirty six genotypes comprising of 29 F7 advanced breeding lines and nine lines from different institutes including three checks namely, ‘Arka Apoorva’, ‘Arka Sampoorna’ and ‘Mithi Phali’ were evaluated in randomized complete block design over three replications during winters 2016-2017 at C.S.K. Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur for pod yield and related horticultural traits. Result: Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all morphological and yield contributing attributes. The magnitude of phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficients of variation were high for pod yield while branches per plant, internodal length, harvest duration and pods per plant showed high PCV and moderate GCV. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for internodal length, plant height, average pod weight and pod yield per plant indicating the importance of additive gene action. Pod yield per plant revealed positive correlation at both phenotypic and genotypic levels with pods per plant, average pod weight, pod length and pod breadth. Pods per plant and average pod weight at both phenotypic and genotypic levels had maximum positive direct and indirect effects to the total association of component traits suggesting the importance of these traits towards pod yield.
Metacognition and Ruminative Thinking as Predictors of Burnout: A Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: EVLİ Mahmut , ŞİMŞEK Nuray
Published: December 2020

Nursing education is a difficult process with both theoretical and clinical practice. This difficult process creates pressure and stress in nursing students. Therefore, students cannot notice emotions and thinking and may experience rumination. In this case, it can occur in burnout in addition to many mental illnesses. The aim of this study was to investigate whether metacognition and rumination had a predictive effect on burnout. The sample of the study consisted of 280 nursing students who volunteered to participate in the study, and it was completed with 261 nursing students who completed the measurement tools completely. Data were collected using an introductory information form, Ruminative Thinking Style Scale, Metacognitions Questionnaire 30, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. It was determined Ruminative Thinking averages of the participants was 87.61 ± 2.59, Total Metacognitions averages 73.96 ± 11.80, Emotional Exhaustion averages 24.63 ± 5.55, Depersonalization averages 9.58 ± 2.79, Personal average 28.54 ± 5.34. In this study, it is seen that high metacognitions and ruminative thinking styles of students affect burnout. But ruminative thinking has not a mediating role in the relationship between metacognitions and burnout.
Prognostic Significance of HER-2 Expression in Gastric Cancer
Authors: CEYLAN Onur , ÖZMEN Sevilay
Published: December 2020

In gastric cancers we purposed to examine the relationship between age, gender, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis,lymphovascular invasion, Lauren's classification, presence of perineural invasion and the expression of Human Epidermal GrowthReceptor (HER-2) by immunohistochemical (IHC) and dual-color silver-enhanced in situ hybridization (D-SISH) method. In our study,242 gastric resection materials that were studied HER-2 by IHC and/or D-SISH method referred to our department between January2014 and December 2017 for malignancy were included. The relationship between HER-2 expression rate and prognostic parameterswas investigated. No statistical relation was found between age and gender and HER-2 positivity in either method. No statisticallysignificant results were obtained between lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, presence of perineural invasion, depth ofinvasion and Lauren classification, and HER-2 positivity by immunohistochemical and D-SISH method. In our study, no statisticallysignificant results were obtained between important prognostic parameters and HER-2 positivity with either IHC or D-SISH method. In24.1% of the cases that were HER-2 positive by IHC, positivity was not observed with the D-SISH method. Also, 20.8% of the casesreported as immunohistochemically uncertain (equivocal) were seen as positive by the D-SISH method. Based on all these results, wewould like to state that HER-2 positivity / negativity determined by IHC can be changed by the D-SISH method. In addition, although itwas shown in our study that HER-2 has no prognostic significance in gastric carcinomas, it is reported in studies in the literature thatthe addition of Trastuzumab to chemotherapy increases survival. For this reason, we think that it would be more beneficial to applythe IHC and D SISH method together to obtain the true HER-2 result.
Evolution of ideas about social intelligence in domestic and foreign studies
Authors: Savenkova Tatyana D. , Karpova Svetlana I.
Published: December 2020

Scientific interest in the study of social intelligence has not weakened for almost a hundred years, starting in the 1920s and until now its development in humans associates with social success (“intelligence of success”, R. Stenberg), the ability to effectively interact with people, predict their behavior and successfully solve life problems. The purpose of the research: to conduct an analytical review of foreign and domestic scientific sources and to identify the evolution of ideas about social intelligence during various periods of its study abroad and in Russia. The material for the study was foreign and domestic open scientific sources, which contain information on the study of social intelligence by foreign and domestic scientific schools. We used the following methods: retrospective analysis, comparative analysis, content analysis, generalization, classification. The analysis of the structural and substantive characteristics of the concept of “social intelligence” presented in foreign and domestic scientific sources made it possible to identify the main periods in the study of social intelligence abroad and in Russia, to trace the change in the views of scientists on theoretical approaches to the study and diagnosis of social intelligence. The evolution of ideas about social intelligence is manifested from the period of its separation from the structure of general intelligence as an independent concept and subject of research (1920s) to the appearance of multi-component models of social intelligence, characterized by a complex of indicators of cognitive, emotional and behavioral components (1900–2000s).
Optimization and kinetic study of anthraquinone dye removal from colored wastewater using soybean seed as a source of peroxidase for environmental welfare
Authors: Svetozarević Milica Milan , Šekuljica Nataša , Knežević-Jugović Zorica , Mijin Dušan
Published: December 2020

As water contamination emerges as a serious threat to the environment, ventures for cleaner and sustainable solutions are continuously being developed. The present study investigates the ability of crude peroxidase extract from soybean seeds to degrade the anthraquinone dye Acid Violet 109. The influence of the essential parameters pH, dye concentration, hydrogen peroxide dosage, and temperature were inspected. The enzyme had 81.9 % biodegradation at pH 4 in 30 min with 0.1 U peroxidase, 40 mg/l dye concentration, and 1 mM hydrogen peroxide. Considering that substrate concentration can cause reaction inhibition, a kinetic study was performed. Kinetic data fitting using bisubstrate kinetics with a substrate inhibition model revealed the high inhibitory effect of the dye, which was confirmed by the inhibition constant, 7.123·10–5 mM. Alongside the inhibition constant values, the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi model gave the maximum rates 15.788 and 14.321 mM/min for hydrogen peroxide and dye inhibition, respectively.
PENTECOSTALIZAÇÃO ASSENTADA NO ASSENTAMENTO ZUMBI DOS PALMARES, CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES, RJ
Authors: Py Fábio , Pedlowski Marcos A.
Published: December 2020

O artigo destaca o crescimento pentecostal vivenciado no assentamento Zumbi dos Palmares, em Campos dos Goytacazes, que fica localizado na região Norte Fluminense. Neste assentamento, em pouco mais de 20 anos de existência, o número de evangélicos pentecostais passou de 7% a 75% dos integrantes, modificando a configuração religiosa do assentamento, que apresentava significativa maioria católica nos anos próximos à sua fundação. No artigo, se destaca a mobilidade religiosa, na qual realça a perda de força do catolicismo popular e o crescimento do pentecostalismo no assentamento. No trabalho, se adaptará o conceito de mecanismo de desencaixe, definido por Antony Giddens, para descrever a intensa mobilidade religiosa no assentamento como o processo “desencaixe” dos sujeitos ante determinada dinâmica social e o posterior “reencaixe” em nova conexão social. Para tanto, se utilizará tanto da metodologia quantitativa, quanto de metodologias qualitativas, como entrevistas semiestruturadas e a observação participante.
Enhancing 3D Printing Producibility in Polylactic Acid Using Fused Deposition Modelling and Machine Learning
Authors: Moradi Mahmoud , Meiabadi M. Saleh , Karami Moghadam Mojtaba , Ardabili Sina , Band Shahab S. , Mosavi Amir
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Polylactic acid (PLA) is brittle in nature with extensive deformation property. For improvement of the end-use quality, it is of significant importance to enhance the producibility of fused deposition modeling (FDM)-printed objects in PLA. The purpose of this investigation is to boost toughness and to reduce the production cost of the FDM-printed tensile test samples with the desired part thickness. To attain the research purpose number of experiments are designed and analyzed by the Response Surface Method (RSM). The statistical analysis is performed to deal with this concern considering layer thickness, infill percentage, and extruder temperature as controlled factors. The tensile test specimens are printed based on the designed experiments, and the tensile strength tests are conducted by SANTAM 150 universal testing machine based on ASTM D638. The honeycomb internal fill pattern is applied for the production of light-weight and high-strength specimens. The area under Force- Extension curve up to fracture is acquired as the toughness of the printed specimens. This study also developed a modeling process using ANN and ANN-GA techniques for developing an accurate estimation for toughness, part thickness, and production cost as dependant variables. Results were evaluated by correlation coefficient and RMSE values. According to the modeling results, ANN-GA as a hybrid ML technique could successfully improve the accuracy of modeling about 7.5, 11.5 and 4.5 % for toughness, part thickness, and production cost, respectively, in comparison with those for the single ANN method. In the other side, the optimization results confirm that the optimized specimen is cost-effective and able to comparatively undergo deformation, which develops the usability of printed PLA objects. The research is accomplished under the constraints of PLA compatibility with existing fused deposition modeling setup without changing the functional hardware/software of the machine. Although the mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy of PLA have already been studied, there is little literature on the toughness of the printed PLA with honeycomb internal fill pattern.
Utilization of Monosaccharides by Hungateiclostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405 Through Adaptive Evolution
Authors: Ha-Tran Dung Minh , Nguyen Trinh Thi My , Lo Shou-Chen , Huang Chieh-Chen
Published: December 2020

Hungateiclostridium thermocellum ATCC 27405 is a promising bacterium with a robust ability to degrade lignocellulosic biomass complexes, including crystalline cellulose components, through a multienzyme cellulosomal system. In contrast, it exhibits poor growth on simple monosaccharides such as fructose and glucose. This phenomenon raises many important questions concerning its glycolytic pathways and sugar transport systems. Until now, the detailed mechanisms of H. thermocellum adaptation to growth on monosaccharides have been poorly explored. In this study, adaptive laboratory evolution was applied to train the bacterium on monosaccharides, and genome resequencing was used to detect the genes that had mutated during adaptation. RNA-seq data of the 1st-generation culture growing on either fructose or glucose revealed that several glycolytic genes in the EMP pathway were expressed at lower levels in these cells than in cellobiose-grown cells. After 8 generations of culture on fructose and glucose, the evolved H. thermocellum strains grew faster and yielded greater biomass than the nonadapted strains. Genomic screening also revealed several mutation events in the genomes of the evolved strains, especially in genes responsible for sugar transport and central carbon metabolism. Consequently, these genes could be applied as targets for further metabolic engineering to improve this bacterium for bioindustrial usage.
Effectiveness of Denosumab Therapy after Treatment with Bisphosphonates in Women Affected by Osteoporosis: A Real-Life Study
Authors: Marocco Chiara , Zimatore Giovanna , Mocini Edoardo , Fornari Rachele , Iolascon Giovanni , Gallotta Maria Chiara , Bimonte Viviana Maria , Baldari Carlo , Lenzi Andrea , Migliaccio Silvia
Published: December 2020

Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes RANKL, a cytokine able to interact with the RANK receptor on preosteoclasts and osteoclasts, decreasing their recruitment and differentiation, leading to a decreased bone resorption. The aim of this observational real-life study was to analyze adherence to denosumab therapy, its effectiveness in increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and in modulating biochemical skeletal markers upon previous treatments with bisphosphonates in a group of post-menopausal women affected by osteoporosis. Women were recruited in the specialized center from March 2012 to September 2019. Biochemical markers were recorded at baseline and every six months prior to subsequent drug injection. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry was requested at baseline and after 18/24 months. Comparing BMD at baseline and after denosumab therapy in naive patients and in those previously treated with bisphosphonates, a positive therapeutic effect was observed in both groups. The results of our real-life study demonstrate, as expected, that BMD values significantly increased upon denosumab treatment. Interestingly, denosumab showed an increased effectiveness in patients previously treated with bisphosphonates. Moreover, biochemical markers data indicate that osteoporotic patients, without other concomitant unstable health conditions, could be evaluated once a year, decreasing the number of specialistic center access.
Beyond the Limits of Shannon’s Information in Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Lizama-Pérez Luis Adrian , López J. Mauricio , Samperio Emmanuel H.
Published: December 2020

We present a new post-processing method for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) that raise cubically the secret key rate in the number of double matching detection events. In Shannon’s communication model information is prepared at Alice’s side then it is intended to pass it over a noisy channel. In our approach, secret bits do not rely in Alice’s transmitted quantum bits but in Bob’s basis measurement choices. Therefore measured bits are publicly revealed while bases selections remain secret. Our method implements sifting, reconciliation and amplification in a unique process, it just require a round iteration, no redundancy bits are sent and there is no limit in the correctable error percentage. Moreover, this method can be implemented as a post processing software into QKD technologies already in use.