bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Does Frequency-Independent Selection Maintain Genetic Variation?
Authors: Novak Sebastian , Barton Nicholas H
Published: August 2017

Frequency-independent selection is generally considered as a force that acts to reduce the genetic variation in evolving populations, yet rigorous arguments for this idea are scarce. When selection fluctuates in time, it is unclear whether frequency-independent selection may maintain genetic polymorphism without invoking additional mechanisms. We show that constant frequency-independent selection with arbitrary epistasis on a well-mixed haploid population eliminates genetic variation if we assume linkage equilibrium between alleles. To this end, we introduce the notion of frequency-independent selection at the level of alleles, which is sufficient to prove our claim and contains the notion of frequency-independent selection on haploids. When selection and recombination are weak but of the same order, there may be strong linkage disequilibrium; numerical calculations show that stable equilibria are highly unlikely. Using the example of a diallelic two-locus model, we then demonstrate that frequency-independent selection that fluctuates in time can maintain stable polymorphism if linkage disequilibrium changes its sign periodically. We put our findings in the context of results from the existing literature and point out those scenarios in which the possible role of frequency-independent selection in maintaining genetic variation remains unclear.
Estimation of quality of experience (QoE) in e-Health ecosystems
Authors: Rojas-Mendizabal Veronica Alexandra , Serrano-Santoyo Arturo , Conte-Galvan Roberto , Villarreal-Reyes Salvador , Rivera-Rodriguez Raul
Published: August 2017

This article proposes a framework to design and implement e- Health interventions in a comprehensive manner. We draw on complexity science to study the interplay of the ecosystem, the behavior and interactions among its agents. We provide a platform to estimate the Quality of Experience (QoE) to assess the relationship between technology and human factors involved in e-Health projects. Our aim is to estimate QoE in e-Health ecosystems from the perspective of complexity by adopting a methodology that uses fuzzy logic to study the behavior of the ecosystem’s agents. We apply the proposed framework to a remote diagnosis case by means of an ultrasound probe through a satellite link. Despite the ambiguities for determining QoE, the experiment demonstrates the applicability of the framework and allows to stressing the importance of human factors in the implementation of e-Health projects.
Optimal design for rectangular isolated footings using the real soil pressure
Authors: Luévanos Rojas Arnulfo , López Chavarría S , Medina Elizondo M
Published: August 2017

The standard design method (classical method) for reinforced concrete rectangular footings is: First, a dimension is proposed and should comply with the allowable stresses; subsequently, the effective depth is obtained from the maximum moment and is checked against the bending shear and the punching shear until, it complies with these conditions and, then, steel reinforcement is obtained, but it is not guarantee that the minimum cost will be obtained. This paper shows an optimal design for reinforced concrete rectangular footings using the new model. A numerical experimentation is presented to show the model capability to estimate the minimum cost design of the materials used for a rectangular footing that supports an axial load and moments in two directions in accordance to the building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary (ACI 318-13). Also, a comparison is made between the optimal design and current design for rectangular footings. The solutions show that the optimal design is more economical and more precise with respect to the current design, because standard design is done by trial and error. Then, the optimal design should be used to obtain the minimum cost design for reinforced concrete rectangular footings.
Rapid generation of control parameters of Multi-Infeed system through online simulation
Authors: Aazim Rasool , Liu Chongru , Haaris Rasool , Mansoor Asif
Published: August 2017

Simulated Self-Generated - Particle Swarm optimization (SSG-PSO) toolbox that automatically generates PI control parameters very quickly in PSCAD is designed. This toolbox operates by utilizing transient simulation to evaluate objective function and converges the fitness values of objective function through PSO algorithm during run time simulation of Multi-infeed HVDC systems. Integral Square Error-Objective Function (ISE-OF) is used to accomplish the task. To make the toolbox faster, ranges are set for PSO generated value that limit the time of data acquisition for the objective function by only considering transition time of a system. This toolbox has a capability to optimize multiple controllers at same time. The PI values are generated faster and the results are showing markedly improved performance of a system during startup and under fault condition. The experimental results are presented in this paper.
Trapecio amazónico: turismo e imaginarios sociales sobre un territorio exotizado
Authors: Vélez Rivas Martha Lucía
Published: August 2017

El objetivo del artículo es comprender los imaginarios sociales construidos sobre el Trapecio Amazónico colombiano y su influencia en la experiencia turística. De manera creciente, se observa un aumento en el flujo de turistas atraídos por ofertas hacia este territorio selvático, el cual está habitado principalmente por comunidades indígenas que son, al mismo tiempo, objeto y sujetos del turismo. La experiencia turística está permeada por imaginarios construidos a través de relatos, narrativas e imágenes producidas desde la literatura, el cine y la plástica, como también desde los relatos asociados a la práctica turística (guías, páginas web; blogs de viajeros; publicidad; postales, mapas y brochures). Este artículo de reflexión da cuenta de la aproximación teórico-conceptual sobre los imaginarios sociales y su relación con la experiencia turística.
Turismo y fronteras: revisión de la producción académica y los aportes conceptuales desde la geografía
Authors: Porcaro Tania
Published: August 2017

Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica sobre la relación entre turismo y fronteras, -tema que ha recibido un renovado interés académico en las últimas décadas-, haciendo énfasis en aquellos trabajos elaborados desde la geografía, e identificando las principales líneas temáticas y contribuciones teóricas. Mientras que la mayoría de las publicaciones comprenden estudios de caso, un conjunto de trabajos propone algunas conceptualizaciones sobre el tema. Sin embargo, estos abordajes no siempre retoman las nuevas contribuciones teóricas producidas en los estudios sobre fronteras y turismo. De todas formas, algunas investigaciones han comenzado, en forma incipiente, a delinear propuestas innovadoras que abren líneas de estudio prometedoras para abordar la relación entre turismo y fronteras.
Revenge, Hatred, Love, and Regret
Authors: Van Brussel Noor
Published: August 2017

This article analyses the character of the demon found in the Sanskrit Bhadrakalimahatmya. This regional Puranic text, pertaining to the narrative tradition of the Darikavadham from Kerala, adopts a specific stance with regard to its main antagonist, the asura king Darika. While the Bhadrakalimahatmya eagerly engages with various Mahapuranas such as the Linga and the Markandeya, the demon that it depicts contrasts with the rather rigid image set out by his counterparts in those texts. Instead, the demon's character is carefully drawn and led through an array of emotional states in a way that tempts the audience to empathize. In this article, I explore this strategic empathy. Perusing the narratives of the Bhadrakalimahatmya, I identify passages that are activated by strategies of affect and show how they construct the character of the demon. In the second part of the article, I attempt to unravel the motives for this alternative view of the demon, relying on frameworks stemming from contemporary studies of narrative empathy and classical Indian theories of aesthetics.
A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Pictilisib in Combination with Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Leong Stephen , Moss Rebecca A. , Bowles Daniel W. , Ware Joseph A. , Zhou Jing , Spoerke Jill M. , Lackner Mark R. , Shankar Geetha , Schutzman Jennifer L. , van der Noll Ruud , Voest Emile E. , Schellens Jan H.M.
Published: August 2017

Background

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) are involved in the proliferation and survival of many cancer types. Enhanced antitumor activity may be achieved through combined inhibition of these pathways. We report results for pictilisib (GDC-0941, a class I pan-PI3K inhibitor) plus erlotinib (an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor) in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Materials and Methods

A 3 + 3 dose-escalation study was carried out at a starting daily dose of 60 mg pictilisib on days 1–21 of a 28-day cycle and 150 mg erlotinib from day 2 of cycle 1. The primary objectives of the study were to assess safety and tolerability, identify dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), estimate the maximum tolerated dose, and identify the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Evaluation of a dose-expansion cohort at the RP2D was performed.

Results

Fifty-seven patients were treated in the study. All patients experienced at least one adverse event (AE). Grade ≥3 AEs, serious AEs, and deaths were reported in 38 (66.7%), 19 (33.3%), and 4 (7.0%) patients, respectively. DLTs occurred in nine patients across eight cohorts and the RP2D was determined to be 340 mg pictilisib on a “5 days on, 2 days off” schedule plus 100 mg erlotinib. Two patients (3.5%) experienced partial response and 19 (33.3%) had stable disease.

Conclusion

Combining pictilisib with erlotinib in patients with advanced solid tumors is feasible; however, antitumor activity is limited. Additional studies may identify patients likely to benefit from combined inhibition of EGFR and PI3K pathways.
In Reply
Authors: Khan Khurum , Cunningham David , Aitken Katharine , Rao Sheela
Published: August 2017

This Letter to the Editor acknowledges the limitations of a cohort observational study compared with a randomized clinical trial and defends the results of a recent study.
Tests on high-strength steel hollow sections: a review
Authors: Ma Jia-Lin , Chan Tak-Ming , Young Ben
Published: August 2017

Advances in technologies have allowed manufacturers to produce steel plates and sections with strengths of 690 MPa and higher. The use of high-strength steel has the potential for significantly reducing the material costs and the self-weight of structures. High-strength steel hollow sections can be either welded from steel plates or cold-formed from coils. Tests on different built-up high-strength steel hollow sections have been conducted around the globe, including Australia, China, Japan and the USA. The commonly used box-sections were tested; the slenderness limits and member capacities against compression were also studied. To investigate the performance of cold-formed high-strength steel hollow sections, the authors initiated a research programme in Hong Kong, which included both experimental and numerical investigations on cold-formed high-strength steel hollow sections. The sections include square, rectangular and circular hollow sections. Based on the results, recommendations on section slenderness limits and expressions for determining member capacity are proposed in these studies. This paper summarises recent research on high-strength steel hollow sections and also addresses the design recommendations and limits in codes for both built-up and cold-formed high-strength steel hollow sections.
Inadimplência no Brasil: Uma Análise das Evidências Empíricas
Authors: Daros Mariane , Pinto Nelson Guilherme Machado
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar as evidências empíricas de estudos relacionados à inadimplência dentro do contexto brasileiro, verificando os estudos desses aspectos nas diversas regiões do país. Além disso, foram analisadas questões relacionadas ao panorama desses estudos a fim de verificar em quais pontos os trabalhos futuros desse tema podem vir a avançar. A partir da análise dos estudos publicados dentro da temática nota-se a existência de alguns pontos que não são aprofundados e que podem avançar por meio de estudos futuros. Dentre esses pontos estão: exploração do tema em todos os setores da economia, maior variação na utilização de procedimentos metodológicos, utilização de série temporal para verificar a evolução do fenômeno e associar a inadimplência com outras temáticas correlatas a essa questão como o endividamento, alfabetização financeira, consumismo, motivações pessoais do indivíduo, aspectos socioeconômicos e causas que podem ter ligação no produto e serviço disponibilizado ao consumidor.
Educação a Distância: Um Estudo da Mudança Organizacional no Processo Inicial de Implantação da Modalidade em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Privada
Authors: Gurgacz Ferreira Jaqueline Aparecida , Schröeder Christine Da Silva
Published: August 2017

Este estudo procurou analisar o processo de mudança organizacional relacionado à fase inicial de implantação da Educação a Distância (EaD) em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) situada na região oeste do Estado do Paraná, que já atua há 15 (quinze) anos no ensino presencial e, em 2014, iniciou a implantação da EaD. Foi desenvolvido, a partir das categorias de análise propostas pelo estudo de Schröeder (2009), um estudo de caso com triangulação de fontes de dados (observação participante, documentos institucionais e entrevistas). Os resultados foram categorizados em termos de “valores”, “conteúdos”, “tecnologia”, “gestão”, “institucionalização” e “interação”. Embora a EaD ainda se encontre em fase inicial de implementação na IES, a pesquisa aponta elementos significativos à análise, destacando-se nos resultados, principalmente, o nível de impacto cultural que a implantação promove até o ponto estudado, bem como a necessidade de criação de ferramentas estratégicas para o processo de gestão da EaD.
Crowding under the Auditory Perspective
Authors: Trindade Deyl Fernanda , Balestrin Espartel Lélis
Published: August 2017

O ambiente de loja apresenta grande importância sobre a experiência de compra pelo consumidor. Nos últimos anos, a quantidade de estudos acerca da atmosfera de loja tem aumentado, com produção de pesquisas sobre os mais diversos elementos presentes no ambiente varejista: iluminação, aromas, atendimento, densidade, entre outros. Estudos já demonstraram que, para fins gerenciais, é importante que os varejistas compreendam como a percepção de crowding afeta a experiência de compra do consumidor, sendo necessário investigar formas de reduzir seus efeitos negativos e acentuar seus efeitos positivos. Para tanto, é importante que os gestores percebam o crowding sob uma abordagem multissensorial preocupando-se com todos os estímulos sensoriais que possam gerar a percepção de densidade elevada e consequente desconforto. Verifica-se, contudo, que a literatura existente sobre o assunto enfatiza, em sua maioria, a perspectiva visual do crowding, não havendo produção sobre o fenômeno abordado sob outros pontos de vista sensoriais. A audição é apresentada como um dos principais sentidos do ser humano, e, a partir disso, este artigo tem por objetivo sugerir uma abordagem mais completa para o estudo de crowding, enfatizando não apenas variáveis visuais que provocam a sensação do fenômeno, mas também as variáveis sonoras presentes em qualquer ambiente de loja e que podem exercer impacto sobre a percepção de crowding.
Editorial
Authors: Rajput Dr. Gurinder Singh
Published: August 2017

I am pleased to present the Volume 2 Issue 1 of Asian Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. AJCPS is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal committed to publish the high quality articles in all area of chemistry and pharmaceutical science. Chemistry and Pharmaceutical science are closely related disciplines and their convergence is very frequent. In spite of excessive ongoing research in these disciplines very few journals, especially from Asian region are available those cover both the subjects. I hope that AJCPS will encourage the researchers, students and academicians involved in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical research.
Don’t Believe What You See in Mouth, Listen To Condyles-A Systemic Review
Authors: Adil  , Vallakati Anisha , Aggarwal Ankur , Jyothikiran H. , Ravi S.
Published: August 2017

Centric relation, static and dynamic occlusion are less talked about than its actual importance in dentistry. Their relevance to different disciplines of odontology (general dentistry, conservative dentistry, orthodontics, prosthodontics, dental technicians) has been well documented. Numerous articles in scientific literature regarding the importance and necessity of interdisciplinary teamwork in dentistry to correct problems associated with occlusion has been documented. The centric occlusion and centric relation (CO CR) discrepancy is multifactorial with a degree of psychogenic influence varying throughout an individual’s life with phases of symptoms affecting the quality of life. The current review highlights role of various disciplines in rectifying problems relating to discrepancy in centric occlusion and centric relation.1
Hepatitis-B: an Alarming Infectious Condition- How Aware are We???
Authors: Rawat Paridhi , Aeran Himanshu , Agarwal Anubha , Nautiyal Vijay
Published: August 2017

Background & Objectives:Infections caused by blood-borne pathogens like HCV, HBV or HCV have emerged as a hurricane for health-care workers. Among them, Hepatitis-B is a leading cause of morbidity & mortality all around the world especially placing health workers at higher occupational risks. Also percutaneous injuries in dental clinic are risk factors for transmission of HBV. Hence a bi-directional relationship exists between dentist & patient regarding transmission of HBV. The present study is designed to evaluate degree of awareness & knowledge about HBV & status of vaccination against it, among the dental students & clinicians.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 dental professionals including 41 clinicians, 45 post-graduate students, 80 interns and 113 B.D.S III & IV Yr students by means of a questionnaire. Data was collected & then analyzed in SPSS version-16.

Result: Our results were noteworthy that nearly 89.6% claimed that hepatitis-b is preventable. Positively, 90.71% subjects were vaccinated against HBV & 62.8% showed positive attitude towards HBV+ patients. However, some alarming findings are that 54.64% didn’t know about post-exposure prophylaxis and 79.84% didn’t have any idea about serum HBV DNA viral load considered safe according to CDC.

Conclusion: The present study consolidates the urgent need for further spread of knowledge & awareness about Hepatitis-B. We also highlight practice of “Standard Infection Control” measures and strict adherence to tenets of CDC guidelines. Hence the call of the hour is to spread awareness about Hepatitis-B which can turn to be a “mouse or an elephant in dental clinic.”
Implementing Indigenous Education Policy Directives in Ontario Public Schools: Experiences, Challenges and Successful Practices
Authors: Milne Emily
Published: August 2017

The Ontario Ministry of Education has declared a commitment to Indigenous student success and has advanced a policy framework that articulates inclusion of Indigenous content in schooling curriculum (Ontario Ministry of Education, 2007). What are the perceptions among educators and parents regarding the implementation of policy directives, and what is seen to encourage or limit meaningful implementation? To answer these questions, this article draws on interviews with 100 Indigenous (mainly Haudenosaunee, Anishinaabe, and Métis) and non-Indigenous parents and educators from Ontario Canada. Policy directives are seen to benefit Indigenous and non-Indigenous students. Interviews also reveal challenges to implementing Indigenous curricular policy, such as unawareness and intimidation among non-Indigenous educators regarding how to teach material. Policy implications are considered.
Aproximación al estudio del objeto del derecho administrativo
Authors: Pacheco-Reyes Ronald
Published: August 2017

Con fundamento en la revisión de las teorías que alrededor del objeto del derecho administrativo se han planteado a lo largo de los años, y teniendo en cuenta el medio científico, social, económico y político en el que las mismas se han presentado, este escrito propone una perspectiva contextual para abordar el estudio del objeto de esta disciplina. Esta perspectiva permite entender tales teorías, no como un abanico de teorías acertadas y/o erradas, sino como el reflejo de cada momento histórico particular. Con esta premisa surge la necesidad de la reflexión sobre el entorno actual del derecho administrativo y el replanteamiento de sus herramientas clásicas de estudio.
Las agencias estatales de naturaleza especial en Colombia - II
Authors: Garrido María Clara
Published: August 2017

Con la más reciente reforma a la estructura de la administración pública colombiana del orden nacional se propaga entre 2011 y 2013 la figura de la “agencia nacional”, término con el que se denomina a una serie de organismos administrativos que, bajo un modelo de gestión, estarían orientados al logro de resultados y a la eficaz utilización de los recursos públicos. Dentro de las agencias creadas aparecen aquellas “estatales de naturaleza especial” como unidades de servicios de la administración, con las que se pretendía contar con estructuras diferentes, caracterizadas por la especialidad y tecnicidad. A partir de una comparación que abarca aspectos orgánicos y funcionales, la presente investigación busca determinar si realmente las agencias estatales de naturaleza especial constituyen una tipología de órganos distinta de los organismos y entidades contemplados en la Ley 489 de 1998.
La ‘regulación económica’ como instrumento de dirección estatal de la economía
Authors: Guinard-Hernández David
Published: August 2017

El concepto de ‘dirección estatal de la economía’ contenido en la Constitución colombiana de 1991 incorpora la finalidad social de la injerencia del Estado en la economía y la pretensión de eficiencia del funcionamiento de los mercados, constituyendo una categoría jurídica que recoge todas las especies de disciplina pública económica, como la intervención, la regulación, la política fiscal y monetaria, etc. En el presente artículo se discute la polisemia de la palabra ‘regulación’ y la necesidad de circunscribir su alcance dentro del contexto jurídico-económico mediante su adjetivación como ‘regulación económica’. Sobre esta base, analizamos las características de la regulación económica como instrumento de dirección estatal de la economía de carácter técnicojurídico, radicado en cabeza de la administración, a través del cual se busca disciplinar mercados específicos con el fin de promover la eficiencia, el orden justo y el bien común, al igual que asumir los retos en materia de maximización de cobertura, calidad, garantía y respeto a los derechos de los consumidores.
Problemáticas teórico-prácticas en las categorías del daño inmaterial reconocidas por la jurisprudencia colombiana
Authors: Anaya-Quintero Laura
Published: August 2017

La obra reseñada aborda las relaciones existentes entre la equidad y el daño indemnizable, por cuanto en la definición de este, aquella juega un papel trascendental. A partir del estudio crítico de la jurisprudencia nacional vigente sobre la tipología y reparación del daño inmaterial, tanto del Consejo de Estado como de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, la autora concluye que, en ciertos casos, las pautas planteadas por estas corporaciones contrarían el criterio de equidad y la regla de reparación integral2. Este artículo expone, comenta y complementa la tesis de la profesora M’Causland, dejando en evidencia las falencias de ambos tribunales, abriendo así una vez más el debate alrededor de este tema.Problemáticas teórico-prácticas en las categorías del daño inmaterial reconocidas por la jurisprudencia colombiana
Desarrollo de emprendedores entre la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán y el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Authors: Chaves-Abarca Randall , Cantón-Castillo Luis Carlos , Luit-González Magaly Del Carmen , García-Lira Alan
Published: August 2017

El intercambio académico de estudiantes y profesores es una opción valiosa para contribuir al crecimiento profesional y personal de quienes participan. A su vez, esta opción orientada a compartir ideas innovadoras entre estudiantes de educación superior puede potenciar el emprendedurismo. Esta ha sido la convicción de un grupo de académicos de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán y del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica que por más de diez años han realizado intercambio entre ambas instituciones.
La exigencia en el proceso educativo llevado al cabo ha permitido generar propuestas mediante la identificación de oportunidades y estructuración rigurosa de proyectos, con lo cual se contribuye al proceso de formación profesional de los estudiantes como emprendedores, siendo los  ganadores de concursos en cada país los que tienen la oportunidad de conocer otra cultura.
Para muchos de los participantes, esta experiencia impactó muy positivamente en aspectos como seguridad y confianza en sí mismos, además de ser una de las primeras opciones para compartir con personas de otro país e incluso viajar al exterior por primera vez. Cabe resaltar el buen entendimiento en  las relaciones entre académicos y la perseverancia para generar las propuestas que han justificado el intercambio y dado continuidad al proceso formativo. En este artículo se comparte esta experiencia desde su origen, aspectos metodológicos, principales proyectos, así como la evaluación por parte de los estudiantes Costarricenses que viajaron a México y datos relativos a su desempeño profesional actual.
Asociación del orden de parto y del componente racial con la prevalencia de mastitis clínica en un hato lechero especializado ubicado en el trópico alto de Colombia
Authors: Vidales Curequia Caterine , Cruz Amaya Jorge Mario , González Herrera Luis Gabriel
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The knowledge of the variables associated with the prevalence of clinical mastitis (PCM) can help to design more efficient control measures. Objectives: To quantify PCM in a specialized dairy herd, according to the influence of birth order (BO) and the effect of racial component (RC). Materials and methods: A transversal study was carried out to calculate PCM according to BO (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, or more), conditional probability (CP), PCM for each RC, and PCM according to BO for each RC. The χ2 test was performed. Results: An overall PCM of 15% was observed. A directly proportional relationship was established between BO and PCM. The calculated prevalences were 9.9, 10.9, 12.2, 21.6, 21.7, and 21.4% for BO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 or more, respectively, with significant statistical differences. CP varied between 9% (BO 1 and 2) and 22.8% (BO 3 and 4). A PCM of 16.7% was observed for Holstein (H) cows, 8.9% for Holstein F1 with Blanco Orejinegro cows (BON), and 9.4% for ¾ H × ¼ BON, with no significant differences. However, when comparing H with BON crosses, regardless of the percentage of the BON racial components, significant statistical differences were observed. Conclusions: PCM increases with increased BO therefore, disease surveillance programs should be intensified in older cows. The BON breed contributes a rusticity factor to its crosses that decreases PCM.
Determinación molecular de Leptospira spp. en semen y líquido preseminal y estudio serológico de caballos criollos en el departamento de Cundinamarca (Colombia)
Authors: Rodríguez Germán , Piñeros Ricardo , Prada Germán , Díaz César , Venegas Carlos , Salazar Carlos , Trujillo Carlos , Nossa Laura Camila
Published: August 2017

El propósito de este estudio fue detectar serológica (prueba de microaglutinación) y molecularmente (el ADN de Leptospira spp. por PCR convencional-reacción de la polimerasa en cadena) la exposición o presencia de Leptospira spp., a partir de muestras de suero sanguíneo, líquido preseminal y semen en caballos reproductores criollos colombianos representativos de esta raza, en 44 criaderos del departamento de Cundinamarca. En Colombia no existen estudios relacionados con la presencia de leptospiras en semen equino, y dentro de los planes sanitarios en esta especie no se vacuna contra esta enfermedad. Se evaluaron muestras de un total de 107 animales, escogidos por muestreo por conveniencia, de las cuales al analizar el suero fueron seroreactivas 35 (32,7 %), correspondientes al serogrupo Leptospira interrogans, serovariedades Canícola, Pomona y Grippotyphosa. Se detectó el DNA de Leptospira spp., por PCR convencional en dos muestras de semen que representaron el 1,9 % del total de muestras. Mediante la técnica de campo oscuro se encontraron en la mayoría de las muestras de líquido preseminal diferentes formas bacterianas, algunas de ellas compatibles con leptospira. También se observaron células de descamación, cristales y uratos. Adicionalmente, no se obtuvo aislamiento de la bacteria en el medio EMJH y no se detectó ADN mediante la técnica de PCR convencional a partir del líquido preseminal.
Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dentists in Northwest area of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Freire Ana Carolina da Graça Fagundes , Soares Gabriella Barreto , Rovida Tânia Adas Saliba , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Garbin Artênio José Ísper
Published: August 2017

Objective: To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dentists who attend postgraduate courses in various specialties and establish possible relationships with sociodemographic and occupational factors. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study where 91 professionals responded to validated instruments: “Work-related activities that may contribute to job-related pain and / or injury” and NMQ “Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire”, and variables were also collected regarding sociodemographic and occupational characteristics. Results: WMSDs were often reported in the neck, shoulder, lower/upper back, and hand/wrists. Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a correlation between reports of WMSD in lower back and work related (OR=13.40). Moreover, associations were found between WMSDs and the occupational factors that can contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among brazilian dentists, and that the work-related activities contributed to musculoskeletal disorders in dentists.
Combining the effects of undersized drilling and bone density on implant insertion torque
Authors: Camargo Bernardo Alievi , Nunes Daniel Becker , Spazzin Aloísio Oro , Federizzi Leonardo , Schuh Christian , Gomes Érica Alves
Published: August 2017

Aim: This study evaluated the influence of surgical undersized drilling on insertion torque of an implant system at low bone density. Methods: Implant site preparations were made in two polyurethane foam blocks with different densities, where two preparation techniques were considered: Control group (C): conventional drilling, following the manufacturer’s instructions; and Group (E): undersized drilling, experimental technique using a final surgical drill with reduced diameter. The artificial bone blocks were selected based on density: D1 (0.64 g/cm3) and D2 (0.32 g/cm3). Three groups were considered according to the preparation technique and bone density used (n=10): CD1 – conventional drilling technique in artificial bone with higher density; CD2 – conventional drilling technique in artificial bone with lower density; and ED2 – undersized drilling in artificial bone with lower density. Externalhexagon implants (11 × 4 mm) were inserted and the insertion torque values were measured using a digital torque-meter. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Results: The results showed significant statistical differences between groups (p<0.001), where the highest insertion torque was found for the Group CD1 (48.9 Ncm) followed by Group ED2 (22.6 Ncm) and Group CD2 (11.7 Ncm). Conclusions: The undersized drilling technique for implant site preparation leads to increased insertion torque on low bone density.
GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OF UNION GLACIER AREA, ELLSWORTH MOUNTAINS, OCCIDENTAL ANTARCTICA
Authors: Do Couto Silva Costa Vanessa , Vieira Rosemary , Cardia Simões Jefferson
Published: August 2017

The work aims to investigate the geomorphological and sedimentological aspects of Union Glacier area (79°45’00’’S; 82°30’00’’W), southern sector of Ellsworth Mountains. Geomorphological cartography based on 15 m ASTER (2010) satellite imagery and field works were carried out during the Brazilian expedition (2011/2012) enabled the identification of morainic formations: ice-cored hummock moraines, supraglacial moraines, and recession moraines in the interior of the valleys. With the exception of the latter one, all types of moraines have been developed on the blue-ice areas. The evidence for paleo wet-based glacial conditions is reconstructed from a range of geomorphological record, including exposed abrasion marks, striations and glaciotectonic deformation. This type of deformation is represented by lee sides of oversteepening bedrock promontories which follow the tributaries of glaciers ice flow. Glacial sediments were collected from the moraines for granulometric and morphometric analyses. They show the prevalence of sandy gravel and sand texture, low quantity of fine fractions, and absence of attributes such as striated and faceted clasts, which indicate, on the other side, low-sediment transport capacity from the ice sheet bottom. It is inferred that the moraine debris are originated from local sources. Weathering action and constant katabatic winds are possibly the major agents of transport and alteration of the exposed sediments. The geomorphological features reveal an ancient thicker ice sheet, and sedimentary characteristics of the morainic formations reveal a latter thinner ice sheet in this sector of Ellsworth Mountains.
CLASSIFICAÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA DAS DUNAS COSTEIRAS ENTRE O CABO FRIO E O CABO BÚZIOS, LITORAL DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Fernandez Guilherme Borges , Pereira Thiago Gonçalves , Rocha Thais Basptista , Maluf Vitor , Moulton Martim , Oliveira Filho Silvio Roberto de
Published: August 2017

Dunas costeiras representam uma das principais feições resultantes de processos geomorfológicos eólicos. Para que se desenvolvam em áreas regionalmente representativas, as dunas necessitam de algumas condições ambientais características, como: existências de uma planície de deflação, disponibilidade de sedimentos arenosos e ventos frequentes e de direção de incidência bem marcada. Na costa do estado do Rio de Janeiro, as planícies costeiras localizadas entre o Cabo Frio e o Cabo Búzios são bons exemplos em termos de formação de feições eólicas. Esta região do litoral, além da alta disponibilidade de sedimentos presente na plataforma continental interna, apresenta áreas extensas e planas junto à linha de costa e ventos que incidem de forma constante com direções preferenciais do quadrante Leste e Nordeste, operando na direção mar-terra. O objetivo principal deste trabalho repousa na classificação morfológica dos diferentes tipos de dunas observados entre o Cabo Frio e o Cabo Búzios. Para isso, foram obtidas fotografias aéreas, levantamentos de dados topográficos bidimensionais e tridimensionais. Uma variedade de tipos de dunas foi identificada nestas planícies costeiras, sendo divididos em dois principais grupos; dunas ancoradas e livres.  Dunas ancoradas foram subdivididas entre dois outros grupos; influenciadas por obstáculos topográficos ou influenciados pela vegetação. Um terceiro tipo de dunas foi identificado, sendo classificado como megaforma parabólica, que apresenta tanto características de dunas livres e ancoradas por vegetação. Os resultados mostraram que nas megaformas, a morfologia parabólica foi predominante, com dunas barcanóides se desenvolvendo sobre estes depósitos. Os efeitos de ancoramento foram descritos em dunas parabólicas e nebkas. Outro importante efeito de ancoramento foi descrito em rampas de areia (dunas escalonares). Dunas livres, barcanas e barcanóides, também foram descritas na planície de Cabo Frio.
The bakhtinian concepts of ideology and dialogue as input to promote the development of ideas in academic literacy processes
Authors: Serna Dimas Héctor Manuel
Published: August 2017

This theoretical essay works around the changing place of reading and writing, not only in the learning environments but in the society. It brings into consideration the development of ideas as an extremelly important resource when it comes to presenting reading and writing in these contexts. Such development can arise when Bakhtin's concepts around ideology (system of ideas) and dialogue become the guiding principles of any pedagogy that is interested in reading and writing processes.This text addresses the different ideologies of the writing processes (traditional, cognitive expressivist, and socio-epistemic), and it concludes that the socio-epistemic posture expressed through the pedagogy of the writing genres responds better to the concepts of ideology and dialogue, being this one the most solvent to assume processes of reading and writing concerned with the development of ideas.
Padrão de Especialização do Comércio Internacional do Paraná (1999-2014)
Authors: Silva Mygre Lopes da , Silva Rodrigo Abbade da , Coronel Daniel Arruda
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho visa analisar o padrão de especialização do comércio internacional do estado do Paraná, identificando os setores produtivos mais dinâmicos, no período entre 1999 e 2014. Neste sentido, calcularam-se os indicadores de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada Simétrica (IVCRSik), de Comércio Intraindústria (CII), de Concentração Setorial das Exportações (ICSij) e Taxa de Cobertura das Importações (TCij) com os dados obtidos da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior - SECEX. Os resultados indicaram que a pauta exportadora continua a ser predominantemente composta por setores baseados em recursos naturais e da indústria de transformação tradicional, tais como madeira, alimentos/fumo e bebidas e material de transporte. Com isso, é possível constatar que os setores especializados no comércio internacional são aqueles que apresentam vantagens comparativas convencionais, embora se constate a existência de comércio intraindústria em setores específicos.
Economistas e Política no Brasil: a participação dos economistas no poder nos governos FHC (1995-2002) e Lula (2003-2010)
Authors: Belieiro Junior José Carlos Martines , Backes Guilherme Da Cruz
Published: August 2017

O objetivo principal do trabalho é discutir a participação dos economistas nos governos FHC e Lula, bem como fazer alguns apontamentos sobre a relação entre gestão econômica e democracia no Brasil contemporáneo, tendo como perspectiva, a análise política da política económica nos anos 90 e 2000. O artigo faz breve referencia à década de 1980, mencionando a importancia do Plano Cruzado no processo de aprendizado para o sucesso da estabilização econômica, ocorrida a partir de 1994. A referencia de análise é a relação entre gestão económica e os traços autoritários e centralizadores do Estado brasileiro pós-1930, procurando atualizar esse debate, a partir dos anos 1990, e 2000, na perspectiva de dois diferentes governos democráticos. O artigo não centra atenções apenas nos agentes decisores, os economistas, mas procura aprontar elementos conhecidos para a identificação dos grupos, como a formação acadêmica e a circulação política. A hipótese principal, é que a tradição autoritária e centralizadora se manteve no período democrático em função da necessidade de combater à inflação inercial. Por outro lado, o regime democrático tem sido capaz de alterar lógicas e padrões da relação Estado e sociedade e da relação entre política e política económica no Brasil.
Sucessão Familiar e Cooperativismo Agropecuário: Perspectivas de Famílias Cooperadas em um Estudo de Caso no Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Boessio Amábile Tolio , Doula Sheila Maria
Published: August 2017

Objetiva-se neste artigo compreender como é percebido, pelas famílias cooperadas, o incentivo da Cooperativa Agropecuária de Patrocínio – COOPA/MG sobre os processos sucessórios nas propriedades de seus cooperados e o envolvimento familiar e juvenil nas atividades da instituição. A pesquisa apresenta metodologia de cunho qualitativo do tipo exploratória. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de aplicação de questionários junto a 41 Famílias cooperadas. Ficou clara a importância da organização cooperativa para o desenvolvimento das atividades nas unidades familiares de produção e o importante envolvimento de toda a família nas atividades desenvolvidas pela cooperativa. No entanto, as Famílias cooperadas não percebem, por parte da cooperativa, ações de envolvimento direto relacionadas aos processos sucessórios.
Ca removal and Mg recovery from flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater by selective precipitation
Authors: Xia Min , Ye Chunsong , Pi Kewu , Liu Defu , Gerson Andrea R.
Published: August 2017

Selective removal of Ca and recovery of Mg by precipitation from flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater has been investigated. Thermodynamic analysis of four possible additives, Na2CO3, Na2C2O4, NaF and Na2SO4, indicated that both carbonate and oxalate could potentially provide effective separation of Ca via precipitation from Mg in FGD wastewater. However, it was found experimentally that the carbonate system was not as effective as oxalate in this regard. The oxalate system performed considerably better, with Ca removal efficiency of 96% being obtained, with little Mg inclusion at pH 6.0 when the dosage was ×1.4 the stoichiometric requirement. On this basis, the subsequent recovery process for Mg was carried out using NaOH with two-step precipitation. The product was confirmed to be Mg(OH)2 (using X-ray diffraction and thermo gravimetric analysis) with elemental analysis suggesting a purity of 99.3 wt.%.
REPAIRING AND RETROFITTING OF EARTHQUAKE-AFFECTED EXTERIOR BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTION BY USING RESIN CONCRETE
Authors: Wijaya Rifqi Anra , Saputra Ashar
Published: August 2017

Reinforced concrete structures may suffer a failure that caused by natural events such as earthquake. If the damaged buildingstill can be used, then a repair (retrofitting) on the damaged section is highly necessary. Retrofitting materials that can be used isthe polymer concrete. The purpose of this study was to determine the behavior of beam-column connections after repair(retrofitting) using polymer concrete. Test sample in the form of exterior beam-column connection with cross-sectional size ofthe column 30 x 30 cm, length of 3.5 m and the size of the beam cross-section of 17 x 30 cm, length 1.8 m, consists of 3 pieces.Experiment test method was based on ACI T1.1-01. All samples were tested in two stages, the first stage of the test until targeteddamaged level which controlled by crack width of 0.4 mm. Furthermore, the test object repaired using normal concrete (BKN-1N) and polymer concrete (BKN-2R and BKN-3R). The second phase of test is done to collapse. Lateral force, deflection, andstrain and crack pattern are observed. The data were processed to obtain the load-deflection relationship curve, stiffness,ductility ratio, energy dissipation and model of collapse. Beam-column joint behavior is compared with the acceptance criteria(ACI T1.1-01) to determine whether in accordance with the criteria required. Test results showed the value of the maximumlateral load test object BKN-1N, BKN-2R and BKN-3R,consecutively were 39.2 kN; 43.77 kN and 46.24 kN in the direction ofcurvature response (+) and the direction of curvature response (-), respectively for 59.1 kN; 62.73 kN and 69.91 kN. BKN-2Rtest objects have a greater ductility factor of 24.1% in the direction of curvature response (+) when compared with the test objectBKN-1N. At the direction of curvature response (-), BKN-2R sample has a greater ductility 39.3% of the sample BKN-1N.Based on ACI T1.1-01, all samples have the response modification factor of 8. From SAP2000 modeling, BKN-1N, BKN-2R,and BKN-3R consecutively showed ability to withstand earthquake forces 3.36 times greater; 3.77 times; and 3.97 times greaterthan the earthquake forces are designed based on SNI 1726:2012. An advantage of using a resin concrete repair materials is veryfast drying time.
O projeto escola viva: a política de educação neoliberal de Paulo Hartung, no Espírito Santo (2003-2016)
Authors: Oliveira Ueber José de , Lirio Marcos Marcelo
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem como propósito analisar a política educacional no contexto da chamada Era Paulo Hartung (2003-2016), partindo da hipótese de que foi a partir dela que se adotou de forma mais sistemática e incisiva, no Espírito Santo, a concepção de gerenciamento do Estado pautada, sobretudo, pela lógica neoliberal, na qual os princípios de qualidade total e eficiência passaram a exercer um poder central sobre os rumos políticos e econômicos do Estado do Espírito Santo em termos de política educacional. Tal fenômeno ocorre em um contexto de forte hegemonia da concepção urbano-industrial, a qual busca atender a interesses ancorados na agenda da ONG ES em ação, organismo que congrega diversas empresas de grande porte e que controla a agenda política capixaba, impondo ao conjunto do Estado o seu projeto de desenvolvimento econômico e social. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos neste estudo, utilizamos como metodologia a análise documental. O trabalho conclui que a política educacional do Governo Paulo Hartung, materializado no Programa Escola Viva, representa uma escalada rumo ao processo de privatização do sistema público de ensino do Espírito Santo e resulta de um processo antidemocrático, uma vez que não foi fruto de diálogo com a sociedade, mecanismo que consideramos mais adequado para a implementação de políticas públicas na área da educação.
GRUZINSKI, Serge. A águia e o Dragão – Portugueses e Espanhóis na globalização do século XVI.
Authors: Santos Izabel Maria dos
Published: August 2017

GRUZINSKI, Serge. A águia e o Dragão – Portugueses e Espanhóis na globalização do século XVI.Edições 70, Lisboa, 2015. Tradução de Pedro Elói Duarte
On a revisited Moore-Penrose inverse of a linear operator on Hilbert spaces
Authors: Malik Saroj , Thome Néstor
Published: August 2017

For two given Hilbert spaces H and K and a given bounded linear operator A ?
L(H,K) having closed range, it is well known that the Moore-Penrose inverse
of A is a reflexive g-inverse G ? L(K,H) of A which is both minimum norm and
least squares. In this paper, weaker equivalent conditions for an operator G
to be the Moore-Penrose inverse of A are investigated in terms of normal,
EP, bi-normal, bi-EP, l-quasi-normal and r-quasi-normal and l-quasi-EP and
r-quasi-EP operators.