bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Egocloism to Open Horizon: Navigating "The Race in a Case" for a More Inclusive World
Authors: Yu Chen
Published: April 2024

This article delves into the concept of "Egocloism," a term that amalgamates an inflated sense of self-importance ("ego") with a disposition towards isolation and resistance to external influences ("cloister"). It explores how this mindset manifests not only in individuals but also at the communal level, leading to insularity and a reluctance to embrace diversity and progress. Drawing inspiration from Anton Chekhov's narrative of "The Man in a Case," the article introduces the metaphor of "The Race in a Case" to critique communities entrenched in their historical narratives and cultural identities to the detriment of inclusivity and growth. Through historical examples such as the Spanish Inquisition, the Tokugawa Shogunate’s Sakoku Policy, the Ottoman Empire’s late reforms, and the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the article illustrates the adverse effects of Egocloism. It concludes with strategies for individuals and communities to overcome this mindset, advocating for a shift towards an open horizon that embraces diversity, inclusivity, and global interconnectedness.
Difficulty-Generating Features of Text-based Physics Tasks
Authors: Schwippert Knut , Zilz Kendra , Hoettecke Dietmar
Published: April 2024

Influencing the difficulty of performance tasks is of great interest in science education as in several other subjects. In the context of the VAMPS project, difficulty-generating features with respect to the cognitive demand of text-based physics tasks were systematically varied at three levels. Based on preliminary work and two pilot studies presented here briefly, a model was developed by which cognitive requirement was varied according to three features. The viability of this model was empirically tested with a sample of n = 414 secondary school students. The feature cognitive activity proved to be a significant factor influencing the empirically measured difficulty of tasks. With the help of the feature number of information obtained from task stem and number of subject-specific mental procedures, no systematic influence on task difficulty could be shown. The influence of the test persons’ individual prior knowledge on the actual task difficulty is generally assumed to be a confounding factor. Overall, the present study contributes to a better understanding of construct representation in assessments of subject-specific proficiency and empirically confirms that a systematic variation of the task feature cognitive activity on three levels affects task difficulty
Sensitivity Analysis of Colding’s Equation in Side Milling of Medium Carbon Steel C45 E
Authors: Kantojärvi Fredrik
Published: April 2024

This work focuses on reducing the experimental need for creating a reliable tool life model for a data set of 46 tool data points with its resulting tool life for a single-tooth side milling application in medium carbon steel, C45 E. Based on the data set, 615 180 unique tool life models are created using Colding’s equation. This is achieved by creating models using different unique subsets of the complete data set where the cardinality is varied from 7 to 43. The paper shows that the improvement from adding more data points to the modelling are neglectable after 34 data points are included in the modelling if a maximum absolute model error ≤ 9% is sought. Furthermore, it is shown that the prediction error increases when extrapolating outside the range of equivalent chip thickness and cutting speed used for the modelling work compared to an interpolative error within the range. By carefully planning the experimental set-up by maximising the cutting speed and feed range decreases the risk of creating a non-relevant model where the prediction error increases when located outside the modelling range.
Influence of Processes and Process Variables for WAAM – Geometry of Deposited Bead
Authors: Li Peigang , Al-Hallis Yazan , Al-Chafey Rani
Published: April 2024

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is developing rapidly in recent years due to its advantages, such as higher productivity, lower cost, acceptable quality, and the availability of advanced welding processes. Cold Metal Transfer (CMT), as the most well-known Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process, is widely used in WAAM. The uniqueness of CMT lies in minimizing the heat input of the process. However, there is a drawback to the lower heat input, impacting the quality of the geometry of the welding bead, sharp transitions at the weld toe, inclusions, etc., particularly for higher alloyed steel, e.g., tool steel. In this study, two processes were employed: CMT and Pulse Multi Control (PMC). Two types of shielding gases were used, namely 2% CO2 + 98% Ar and 20% CO2 + 80% Ar. Two levels of wire feed speed were selected: high and low levels. A full-fraction factorial experimental matrix was created, and bead-on-plate samples were produced with different GMAW processes, i.e., CMT and PMC. The geometry of the bead-on-plate, including penetration, bead width and height, and toe angle, was evaluated and analyzed. A correlation between the process factors (shielding gas, type of process, and wire feed speed) and the geometry of the bead was analyzed and determined. A protocol is proposed based on the study results for the selection of WAAM processes.
Effect of Laser Power on the Deposition of Alloy 718 Powder on Alumina Substrate Using Laser Directed Energy Deposition: A Single-Track Study
Authors: Ratnala Dilipkumar Choudary , Hanning Fabian , Andersson Joel , Joshi Shrikant
Published: April 2024

Welding or brazing of metals to ceramics often leads to failures under aggressive conditions due to abrupt changes in physical, chemical, and thermal properties at the metal-ceramic interface. Metal-ceramic Functional Graded Materials (FGMs) replace the strict interface with a gradual transition of composition and properties, which protects the material from failures. The powder-blown Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (DED-LB) is one of the widely known Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes that offer unique features like developing FGMs and multi-material structures. Various studies have been conducted to process metal-ceramic FGMs using the DED-LB process but significant differences in thermal properties, varying laser-material interactions, and the possibility of formation of complex reaction products make the processing of metal-ceramic FGMs challenging. This study aims to understand the effect of laser power on a ceramic substrate, and its interaction with a metal powder introduced in the melt pool. A single track of nickel-based superalloy Alloy 718 powder was deposited on an Alumina substrate with different laser powers. The deposition was performed with and without substrate pre-heat to understand the effect of pre-treatment on deposition. Metallographic analysis was performed to reveal the microstructure of the resolidified metal mixed ceramic region.
Exploring the Synergies of Modularization, Interface Standardization, and Service-Orientation in Production System Simulation
Authors: Birtic Martin , Morilla Cabello Pablo , Muñoz Rocha Ángel , Syberfeldt Anna
Published: April 2024

Production systems of the future may be in constant flux and reconfiguration, continuously adapting to changing production conditions. Digital models and simulation are powerful tools that can be used for their design and operation. These models must co-evolve with the physical system to sustain their usefulness and relevance. This poses a significant barrier, given the complexities involved in their efficient creation and maintenance. To understand whether certain system design concepts make the simulation process easier, this study aims to investigate a combination of concepts that promote reconfigurability and flexibility to explore whether they can positively influence the simulation process. By integrating modularization, interface standardization, and a service-oriented architecture it is believed to support faster and easier creation and updates of digital models. Modularization enhances flexibility by decomposing complex systems into independent, interchangeable modules. Standardizing interfaces ensures uniformity and compatibility among modules. Using a service-oriented architecture entails the encapsulation of various functionalities within modules as services, which can be dynamically requested. Shedding light on the advantages arising from modeling and simulating systems adhering to the mentioned concepts the research also aims to lay the groundwork for further investigation into the potential synergies of these promising production concepts. The study’s methodology includes modeling and programming of industrial robotic production modules adhering to predefined physical and logical interfaces. Interoperability and service orchestration are achieved through a service-oriented architecture. A simulated Manufacturing Execution System is integrated to facilitate handling of module services, product data and service requirements. Finally, a specialized software plugin was developed to support rapid module instantiation into a production system for evaluation. Results suggest that using a modular approach may ease modelling and simulation efforts and could be supported further by developing tailored tools for rapid system development.
A Generic Structure for the Integration of Customized Industrial Gantry Robots into Agents of Plug & Produce Automated Manufacturing System
Authors: Nilsson Anders , Danielsson Fredrik
Published: April 2024

The demand for customized products in a saturated market of trendy customers forces the manufacturing industries to transform their manufacturing from a high volume of uniformed products to low volumes and a high mix of products. High mix and low volume manufacturing is most often manually performed since existing automation solutions are only profitable for mass manufacturing, due to explicitly designed control software where the product data is implemented as low-level control code. Highly flexible automated manufacturing systems such as Plug & Produce are requested, but challenges still exist before industrial implementation. This article proposes a digitally configurable system where data for new or modified products data is configured from the perspective of the product and its manufacturing processes instead of the manufacturing resources. In a Plug & Produce system, process modules with manufacturing resources are easy to replace for new or modified products and possibly to duplicate if higher capacity is needed. Configurable multi-agent systems are proposed by several researchers as a control system for Plug & Produce. An agent is a piece of autonomous computer code that negotiates with other agents and concurrently solves tasks, distributed on parts and resources. A part is a part of a product and part agents handle manufacturing goals for the parts. Resource agents know their capability and start operating as soon as they are plugged in. Resource agents follow pluggable process modules containing manufacturing resources and act as drivers for the modules. Gantry robots have by design a naturally orthogonal coordinate system and most often lack the functionality to handle work and tool coordinate objects as standard industrial robots do. Work objects refer to a base coordinate system and tool objects contain a reference to the tool center point. These references are in this article integrated into resource agents together. A place coordinate agent has the global perspective of the Plug & Produce cell and provides the process modules with reference coordinates of the place they are plugged into. Coordinates are recalculated from a product perspective into a resource perspective by coordinate transformations built into the skills of resource agents. This structure enables the possibility for process planners in the manufacturing company to make changes on a daily basis. A test with a gantry robot Plug & Produce demonstrator was performed and presented in this article to verify the generic structure of the gantry robot control system into agents.
Enhancing Manufacturing Flexibility Through Automation Packaged Solution (APS): A Case Study Approach
Authors: Azizpour Ghazaleh , Ashourpour Milad , Johansen Kerstin
Published: April 2024

The use of automation is reshaping tasks in diverse industries, leading to increased productivity and efficiency. The manufacturing sector, in particular, has enjoyed significant advantages from automation, including enhanced quality control, waste reduction, and improved worker safety. However, while the advantages of automation in manufacturing are clear, the implementation of automation in complex manufacturing processes is not without its challenges. One such challenge is ensuring adaptability to new products. In addition, the initial investment for automation in manufacturing processes often presents a significant financial difficulty, particularly in the areas of engineering, design, and programming. The aim of this paper is to provide flexible solutions that can be adopted on any manufacturing line within a short timeframe. This type of flexible solution is referred to as Automation Packaged Solution (APS). APSs involve the deployment of robotic systems and vision technologies to automate specific tasks. The key advantage of these flexible solutions is their ability to adapt to the introduction of new products into the production line without the need for extensive reengineering and reprogramming. The approach involves designing detailed computer simulations based on the initial solutions and bringing the solution to life through an offline commissioning method. In this research, a case study was conducted at a manufacturing plant in Sweden, where two APSs were introduced to their assembly line: Precise screwing and accurate application of product labeling. These APSs play a crucial role in facilitating rapid upgrades and adjustments to automation systems, especially considering the diverse range of product models. This adaptability reduces the time and resources required for reconfiguration and contributes to enhanced operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and more sustainable manufacturing solutions. Moreover, it opens up the possibility of transferring these APSs to another production line if the need arises.
A Review of Modelling Methods for Manufacturing as a Service – Case Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Pulkkinen Antti , Nagarajan Hari P.N. , Heilala Juhani
Published: April 2024

Manufacturing as a Service (MAAS) is a promising business model, especially with relatively new technologies such as cloud computing, data integration and digital twins. The article presents the characteristics of MAAS by comparing it to the characteristics of successful Software as a Service (SAAS) solution, which is open, modular, and standardized. It also describes the product, production and network data that MAAS requires to be modelled, managed and shared as a requirement for data modelling. In particular, it focuses on the modelling of product, processes and resources. Among the modelling methods, visual product-process models, matrix methods used to describe system structures, general graphical methods and methods used in system dynamics are briefly discussed. The expressive power of the methods is taken into account, and they are grouped into qualitative and quantitative modelling methods. A case study on metal additive manufacturing is presented, resulting in a generalized model of a key part of the process. The case study results with a model on how the external and internal and output parameters of melt pool influence on the output economic, quality and environmental impact characteristics. Finally, the ability of the modelling methods, the case and the MAAS features are compared. As the model is a tool for interaction between different actors and it needs to be maintained, it is concluded that qualitative and quantitative methods need to be integrated in the case of MAAS.
Evaluating an Augmented Reality Prototype for Enhanced User Guidance in an Industrial Production Context
Authors: Tobiskova Nicole , Hattinger Monika , Sanderson Gull Erik
Published: April 2024

This study evaluates an augmented reality (AR) prototype aimed at enhancing user guidance in industrial procedures, focusing on tool change tasks. The variability in experience and skills among operators and maintenance technicians in handling machine-related requirements poses challenges to smooth operations. To address this, an AR guidance system was developed for a head-mounted display device, utilizing image, object, and gesture recognition to minimize user interaction and enhance system adaptiveness, ultimately reducing cognitive load. A user study employing video observations and questionnaires was conducted to evaluate the AR system’s impact on usability and cognitive load. Results indicate that the prototype effectively facilitated tool change tasks, providing a user-friendly experience with reduced cognitive load. The integration of image, object, and gesture recognition contributed to streamlined user guidance, minimizing the need for constant user interventions. Notably, participants experienced a fluid user experience with high usability and a moderate cognitive load, emphasizing the system’s potential in managing complex tasks. The study also highlighted the applicability of AR technology in fields beyond tool changes, such as troubleshooting, and identified a preference for an apprenticeship-style training approach among participants.
Knowledge Graphs for Supporting Group Decision Making in Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Mittermeier Ludwig , Senington Richard , Bandaru Sunith , Ng Amos
Published: April 2024

Group decision making is traditionally a human-centered process, where communication, synchronization and agreement are driven by the stakeholders involved. In the area of multi-objective optimization (MOO), this becomes a challenge, because MOO usually produces a large amount of trade-off solutions that need to be analyzed and discussed by the stakeholders. Moreover, for transparent group decision making, it is important that each decision maker is able to trace the entire decision process – from associated data and models to problem formulation and solution generation, as well as to the preferences and analyses of other decision makers. A graph database is capable of capturing such diverse information in the form of a knowledge graph. It can be used to store and query all dependencies and hence can support complex decision-making tasks. Further advantages are the inherent suitability for visualization and the possibilities for pattern matching, graph analytics and, if semantically enriched, to infer new connections in the graph. In this paper, we show how such a knowledge graph can be used to support more transparent and traceable decision-making activities, particularly when multiple stakeholders with differing preferences or perspectives are involved.
The Relationship Between the SPS-Conferences and the Six Industrial Challenge Areas Within Produktion2030
Authors: Holm Magnus , Schnell Marie , Warrol Cecilia , Stahre Johan
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the 206 papers published at the Swedish Production Symposium (SPS) conferences in 2018, 2020, and 2022 have been analyzed, primarily focusing their relationship to the six industrial challenges identified by Produktion2030. Based on the analysis, ten in-depth interviews with representatives from the Swedish Production Academy (SPA) and industry have been done. These interviews have reflected on the analysis of the papers from the SPS conferences as well as progress during the years of the SPS conferences. The emergence and implementation of the SPS conferences have a similar time span as the Vinnova program Produktion2030. The analysed papers indicate that the focus and development directions of the two have been similar, but not completely overlapping. The close collaboration between academia and industry in Swedish production research is clearly shown by the papers and indicated through an alignment with the industrial challenges indicated by Produktion2030. Of all the papers, 2/3 clearly state such collaboration, and the interviews indicate that the extent of the collaboration is even more extensive than that. The findings from the analysis also include the distribution of research funders involved, gender distribution among authors, and where they are from. Two findings that stand out are the need to more clearly state funding bodies for the published research and to also state more clearly in the papers how, in what way, and with whom the researchers collaborated.
Circular Strategies in the Swedish Furniture Industry – A Business Modelling Approach
Authors: Kans Mirka , Hetti Arachchige Chamirangika Madushani , Paulin Dan
Published: April 2024

The interest in circularity and circular strategies is increasing in the furniture industry. Wood is a climate-smart and sustainable material, partly because it has many environmental advantages compared to other materials such as plastic or metal, partly because it is a highly renewable material. Today, the technical lifespan of wood products such as furniture is not fully utilized. Today, the technical lifespan of wood products such as furniture is not fully utilized, which could be explored through circular strategies. By extending the life of products, components, and materials, the environmental impact could be significantly reduced. However, several challenges have been identified that hinder the establishment of circular strategies. Inconsistent policies and obstructive legislation, high initial costs and long payback periods, low consumer awareness, and lack of collaboration in the value chain are examples of main challenges. The research question addressed in this paper is How to facilitate the circular development of the Swedish furniture industry by promoting circular business models? This paper discusses the barriers and drivers of circularity with specific focus on the characteristics of the furniture industry in the Swedish context. A conceptual approach for establishing circular strategies in the furniture industry based on the 10R model, the business model canvas, and the product-service system approach is proposed. The approach facilitates the identification of relevant circular strategies that can be developed into circular business models. The paper concludes that circular strategies and business models entail positive economic, environmental, and social sustainability impacts for customers, companies, as well as on the society, but to achieve the benefits, organizational and technical solutions addressing the barriers on organizational, industry, and societal level must be developed. Circular business models are a way to overcome several of the barriers while promoting industrial and value chain collaboration.
Integration of Circular Value Chains and Digitalization: A Focus on Lithium-Ion Battery Material Value Chain
Authors: Rahnama Hossein , Johansen Kerstin , Öhrwall Rönnbäck Anna
Published: April 2024

Circular value chains, driven by sustainability goals and resource efficiency, are now central in industrial strategies. Simultaneously, digital technologies transform business models and accelerate the shift towards circular economies. This paper explores circular material flow for the electrification of the vehicle fleet, focusing on the Lithium-ion battery value chain. In the paper, a conceptual model integrating digitalization is developed and evaluated to enhance efficiency and product innovation. The paper reviews the lithium-ion battery value chain literature and investigates digitalization potentials for circular business models. A conceptual model is presented in this study to represent the intricate relationship between each stage of the value chain and the concept of circularity while considering the carbon footprint and complexities associated with the implementation of digitalization.
A Methodology Using Monte-Carlo Simulation on Nanoindentation Deconvolution for Metal Classification
Authors: Bello Bermejo Juan Manuel , Windmark Christina , Gutnichenko Oleksandr , Ståhl Jan-Eric
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates a methodology for the precise statistical deconvolution of hardness properties within various metallic matrix multiphase materials. The central focus is on accurately characterizing mechanical behaviour in the context of complex materials. To meet these objectives, we implemented an approach involving nanoindentation analyses of the selected materials. This technique allowed for the creation of material profiles based on micromechanical properties. Statistical cumulative density function (CDF) deconvolution was employed to disentangle the complex distributions of multiphase material hardness using cross-validation. Throughout the course of this study, several multicomponent CDF combinations were tested, including Weibull, Exponential, and Gaussian distributions. This approach challenges the conventional practice of assuming multiple Gaussian distributions of hardness, revealing the limitations of this approach. In addition, Monte-Carlo simulations were harnessed to generate probability density functions (PDFs) that capture the intricate footprint variations in hardness profiles. By implementing our methodology, we strive to offer a comprehensive and refined approach to materials analysis. This potential for differentiation has the significant implication of investigating the impact of impurities and trace elements on the mechanical properties and thus, machinability of metal materials. The ultimate aim is to enhance their recyclability, thereby advancing the principles of the circular economy and contributing to the sustainable development goals. Our study thus underscores the profound impact of material analysis on environmental sustainability and the efficient use of resources, while offering a fresh perspective on the role of statistics in materials science.
Exploring the Industrial Engineering Competences in the Changing Landscape of the New Industrial Revolution
Authors: Rico-Cortez Marisol , Andersson Nils-Eric , Johansen Kerstin
Published: April 2024

The aim of this paper is to explore the possibilities of how Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), by integrating research and education, can increase the industrial competences of students. By exploring the perceptions of various stakeholders and analyzing ongoing trends, this paper seeks to shed light on the potential ways in which HEIs can contribute to future industrial competitiveness. Identifying existing skill gaps among future engineers will enable the HEIs to know the demand for skills and align graduate capabilities with industry requirements. The final reflections will explore how HEIs can collaborate with regional and national industries, through integrating activities between engineering research and education, contributing to industrial readiness as well as to the DeepINVENTHEI initiatives in Europe.
Challenges and Enablers in Recruiting Maintenance Employees
Authors: Bengtsson Marcus , Berglund Lars
Published: April 2024

Manufacturing maintenance has always undergone change and development. With Industry 4.0-related technological development, increasingly more complex machining equipment, and an increased focus on sustainability, maybe more so today than ever. This has led to an increased difficulty in finding competent maintenance employees to recruit. Simultaneously, it increases the need for continuous competence development to retain the existing work force up to date with the challenges of future development. The introduction of these new technologies and demands does not reduce the need of competence in basic maintenance skills though, but rather adds new areas of needed competence, making the maintenance profession increasingly more complex. This paper will, through an interview study of maintenance managers in an international manufacturing company located in nine countries, delve into the issues and present both challenges and enablers in how to work with recruitment and competence development within maintenance.
Diagnostics of structural integrity violations of avionics during impact tests
Authors: Uvaysov S. U. , Dolmatov A. V. , Vo The H. , Luu Ngoc T. , Nguyen Cong D.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. With the continuous development of modern radio equipment in the field of aviation and space instrumentation, the requirements for accuracy, stability, and reliability of electronic equipment operated on spacecraft are also on the increase. Spacecraft avionic units (SAU) operate under special conditions and malfunctions, as a rule, are impossible to repair. SAU are hermetically sealed structures, making it difficult to assess their technical condition. The aim of this study is to increase the efficiency and reliability of detecting latent defects in SAU using the diagnostic method involving exposure to mechanical shocks.Methods. Based on known methods, a new diagnostic method is proposed which simulates mechanical processes under shock effects at the design stage. The aim is to evaluate the presence of various latent defects in SAU. In a serviceable state, the amplitude-frequency characteristics (frequency response) of SAU differ from the frequency response of SAU with defects which affect mechanical characteristics. It was for this reason that the diagnostic model of evaluating the technical condition of SAU without removal of devices was developed.Results. This work simulates the mechanical processes in SAU in a serviceable state in the presence of a variety of defect. It also involves experimental studies of mechanical characteristics in both serviceable and faulty states. After measuring the mechanical characteristics under the impact of shock loads, the data obtained is compared with simulation results in the presence of various defects. The comparison result is a report on the technical condition of SAU.Conclusions. The method of diagnosing SAU under mechanical shock impact enhances the efficiency of diagnosing latent defects during the production and operation of SAU.
Analysis of the structural reliability of communication networks supporting protective switching mechanisms for one protected section and one backup section
Authors: Batenkov K. А. , Fokin A. B.
Published: April 2024

Objectives. The service level agreement is an important tool used in building reasonable relations between subscribers and operators of telecommunication networks. This includes the quality of services provided. One key component is reliability as assessed by the availability factor. The most suitable model for assessing the reliability of the service provided is a random graph model based on the service contour. This is the set of technical resources involved in the provision of this service. In this formulation, the assessment of the reliability of the service is based on the reliability of elements which constitute the telecommunications network (graph), nodes (vertices) and communication lines (edges). At the same time, the availability factors of nodes and lines are determined by the design features of the distribution environment, as well as the technical means used to organize them. The purpose of this work is to develop an approach to analyzing the reliability of telecommunication networks which support protective switching mechanisms for one protected and one backup sections.Methods. The following methods are used: theory of random graphs, matrices, probabilities and computer modeling.

Results. The elements of the route, both basic and reserving, are divided into three groups. The first indicates permanent unchangeable parts of the paths, the second group identifies the reserved sections, and the third group indicates the reserving sections. At the same time, each of the reserved and reserving sections is formed on the basis of specified preferences. They are usually aimed at increasing the resulting reliability, although other rules may be used. In the case of protective switching schemes for one protected section and one backup sections, a variant of forming routes used for further calculations of the reliability indicator is shown.Conclusions. Using the example of a backbone network, the study shows that the use of protective switching mechanisms for the case of one required transmission route demonstrates a significant increase in reliability, with the exception of the use of protective switching in sections. This is primarily due to the topology features of the network under consideration.
Effects of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehydeon on Interactions With Neurovascular Unit-Related Cells
Authors: Yuan Yang , Rong Dai
Published: April 2024

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBd) is one of the active compounds with neuroprotective effects, which has been confirmed to have anti cerebral ischemical reperfusion injury (CIRI) effect in previous study. In this study, we explored the protective effect of 4-HBd on the neurovascular unit (NVU) after CIRI and its mechanism through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Establish rat of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reproduction (MCAO/R) model, transwell chamber was used to establish an in vitro primary cell co-culture model to simulate NVU, causing oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury, simulating the pathological of CIRI in vivo. Longa 5-point method was used to evaluate the neurological function of the rats, and transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of NVU. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of neuronal protein in rat brain. The mRNA expressions of ang-1/tie-2 signaling pathway and bdnf/trkb signaling pathway were detected by qPCR. In vivo results showed that 4-HBd reduced neurological function scores and improved the ultrastructure of NVU after MCAO/R rats. 4-HBd could up-regulate the expression of microtubule associated protein-2 (Map-2), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and occludin. In vitro results showed that 4-HBd could activate ang-1/tie-2 signaling pathway, increased occludin mRNA expression and protect the blood brain barrier (BBB). 4-HBd can activate bdnf/trkb signaling pathway, up-regulate map-2 mRNA expression, and promote neuronal repair. In vitro and in vivo results indicated 4-HBd can affect the ang-1/tie-2 and bdnf/trkb signaling pathways, and BBB damage is alleviated and NVU homeostasis is maintained to improve CIRI.
Are Polish Hospital Pharmacies Ready for Changes in Drug Distribution?
Authors: Wylegała Karolina Ewa , Czech Marcin , Religioni Urszula , Stencel Dariusz
Published: April 2024

All tasks performed by hospital pharmacies concern the management of medicinal products. The aim of this work is to analyze the functioning and implemen-tation costs of unit-dose and multi-dose automatic drug distribution systems in comparison with the classical mode of so-called ward medicine cabinets. The study was conducted from January 2020 to October 2021. It included quantitative study, conducted to verify the functioning of hospital phar-macies based on an original questionnaire, which was completed by 26 masters of pharmacy em-ployed in pharmacies hospitals, of which 92.4% were pharmacy head, and in-depth face-to-face interviews conducted in 4 facilities with unit-dose systems and one center that uses the multi-dose system. The work presents the functioning of hospital pharmacies, and the advantages and disadvantages of classical distri-bution model. Opinions on the operation of unit-dose and multi-dose systems as well as experiences related to their implementation in the hospital, including the necessary changes in the structure and organization of the hospital, were also presented. In conclusion, despite high purchase costs, auto-mated drug distribution systems bring many benefits in the field of hospital functioning, mainly in relation to patient care, improving the effectiveness, safety and individualization of pharmacothera-py. The main barriers to implementation of these systems are high costs, lack of IT infrastructure adaptation, the need to change the organization of staff work and the lack of factory-prepared col-lective packaging. In the opinion of pharmacists, changes in the distribution of drugs are necessary and beneficial from proper pharmacotherapy perspective.
The Synthetic Concept of Truth and Its Descendants
Authors: Culina Boris
Published: April 2024

The concept of truth has many aims but only one source. The article describes the primary concept of truth, here called the synthetic concept of truth, according to which truth does not belong exclusively to us nor does it belong exclusively to nature: truth is the objective result of the synthesis of us and nature in the process of rational cognition. It is shown how various aspects of the concept of truth – logical, scientific, and mathematical aspect – arise from the synthetic concept of truth. Related to these aspects, i) the regression of truth is analysed and how the distinction between assertion and valuation resolves the regression, (ii) Tarski’s definition of truth is analysed and its role in the concept of truth is identified, and (iii) the truth predicate is analysed and how the paradoxes of truth arise.
Mechanical properties of nickel nitrides under high pressures
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Sagatov Nursultan , Sagatova Dinara ,   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
Published: April 2024

The mechanical properties of previously known nickel nitrides, Ni6N-R-3, Ni3N-P6322, Ni3N-Cmcm, and Ni7N3-Pbca, were calculated from first principles using density functional theory at various pressures. Considered nickel nitrides are mechanically stable in the entire considered pressure ranges. It was shown that all phases are ductile and have low Vickers hardness values which are below the minimal criteria of hard materials, HV > 20 GPa. In addition, the fracture toughness was estimated.
Die mündliche Karteikarte – zur Dokumentationspraxis des Nicht-Gefährlichen in der Präventionsarbeit
Authors: Negnal Dörte
Published: April 2024

Im Feld sogenannter Deradikalisierung und Extremismusprävention wird in unterschiedlichen Gesprächsformaten an vermeintlich Radikalisierten gearbeitet. Diese Praxis offeriert, wie Mitarbeitende nicht-staatlicher Einrichtungen im permanenten Austausch über ihre Klient*innen eine Art Karteikartensystem auf rein mündlicher Basis pflegen. Mündlichkeit nimmt dabei justizielle Logiken an, übernimmt sie aber nicht. Wie zeigt sich das mündliche Dokumentieren und welche ‚guten Gründe‘ sprechen für diese Praxis? Die mündliche Karteikarte entfaltet sich in enger Verzahnung und gleichzeitiger Abgrenzung zu den Repressionsinstanzen, wenn einzelne Klient*innen aufgerufen und mit Zuschreibungen versehen werden, die das Etikett ‚gefährlich‘ von ihnen abwenden.
Das „Risiko“ Familie in der massenmedialen Berichterstattung
Authors: Dahlheimer Sabrina
Published: April 2024

In medienöffentlichen Kinderschutzdebatten lässt sich seit einigen Jahren ein gesteigertes öffentliches Interesse an Berichterstattungen über Kindeswohlgefährdungen in Familien verzeichnen und Fälle wie „Kevin“ aus Bremen scheinen die Wahrnehmung familialer „Erziehungsinkompetenzen“ medienwirksam zu prägen. Der folgende Beitrag nimmt die damit einhergehenden sicherheits- und ordnungspolitischen Entwicklungs- und Konfliktlinien, aus Perspektive eines wissenssoziologischen Fragehorizontes, systematisch auf mehreren Ebenen in den Blick.
Symbolische Macht digitaler Technologien: Geschlechterungleichheit durch mangelnde Repräsentation, algorithmische Diskriminierung und kulturelle Marginalisierung
Authors: Houben Daniel , Prietl Bianca
Published: April 2024

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Bedeutung digitaler Technologien für die Reproduktion von Geschlechterungleichheit, indem er analysiert, wie diese historisch spezifischen Technologien nach Geschlecht und/oder Sexualität diskriminieren. Hierfür wird eine am Konzept der symbolischen Macht orientierte Perspektive vorgeschlagen, die eine gleichermaßen technik- wie geschlechterreflexive Auseinandersetzung mit digitalen Technologien erlaubt. Digitale Technologien werden so als Instrumente symbolischer Gewalt konzipiert und die resultierenden Geschlechterdiskriminierungen als Effekte symbolischer Herrschaft untersucht. Anhand dreier zentraler Digitalisierungsphänomene – Big Data, Algorithmische Entscheidungssysteme und Social Media – werden sich hier jeweils manifestierende Aspekte der Funktionsweisen symbolischer Herrschaft exemplarisch diskutiert.
Autoritärer Nationalradikalismus, Xenophobie und kriminalitätsbezogene (Un-)Sicherheitsgefühle
Authors: Groß Eva , Hirtenlehner Helmut , Häfele Joachim , Kanis Stefan
Published: April 2024

Die Untersuchung widmet sich empirisch der Frage, welche Rolle eine autoritär-nationalradikale politische Agitation bzw. deren Resonanz im Sozialraum für die Entstehung kriminalitätsbezogener Unsicherheitsgefühle spielt. Das theoretische Fundament der Analysen bildet eine Verknüpfung jüngerer soziologischer Ausführungen zum neu-rechten Milieu und dem „autoritären Nationalradikalismus“ mit zentralen Befunden der sozialwissenschaftlichen Kriminalitätsfurchtforschung wie z.B. Erkenntnissen zur Ethnischen-Heterogenitäts-These. Datengrundlage sind die periodischen repräsentativen „Befragungen zu Sicherheit und Kriminalität“ zweier Bundesländer in Deutschland in Kombination mit Strukturdaten des Bundesinstituts für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung. So werden Strukturmerkmale wie Bevölkerungskomposition und Zweitstimmenanteile bei der Bundestagswahl 2017 auf Kreisebene mit subjektiven Indikatoren wie Sicherheitsempfinden oder Wahrnehmung ethnischer Diversität zusammengeführt. Statistische Mehrebenenmodelle demonstrieren den großen Stellenwert autoritär-nationalradikal geprägter Politikangebote sowie damit verbundener Ängste vor Geflüchteten für das Verständnis kriminalitätsbezogener Unsicherheitsgefühle. Es findet sich eine Beziehungskette, die gut mit Annahmen der Ethnischen-Heterogenitäts-These harmoniert. Signifikante vermittelnde und moderierende Effekte legen zudem komplexere Wirkmechanismen zwischen der Resonanz autoritär-nationalradikaler Agitation im Kreis und der individuellen Verbrechensfurcht offen.
Research Progress on Perioperative Nursing of Fast Track Surgery for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Ma Ruixin , Sun Miao , Wang Xiaoxu , Lv Qing
Published: April 2024

Thyroid cancer is a common disease, and surgical intervention is the preferred treatment option. However, in order to ensure surgical effectiveness and safety, perioperative nursing is crucial. Chinese experts have put forward various opinions and recommendations regarding the nursing care for thyroid cancer, among which fast track surgery (FTS) has gained popularity as a nursing approach. FTS encompasses preoperative and postoperative care, with the aim of promoting early patient recovery and emphasizing a patient-centered care philosophy. It has shown significant application value. This article provides a brief overview of the emergence and development of FTS, and introduces the perioperative nursing of FTS for thyroid cancer, hoping to offer theoretical reference for healthcare professionals in the field.
Detection of Serum Markers of Hepatitis B Virus and Its Application in Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Xie Huajie , Jia Qin , Liu Xia , Lu Meijun , Liu Yuan
Published: April 2024

Due to the rapid global population mobility and close interaction among populations, as well as the different medical and health conditions around the world, the prevention and control of hepatitis B face great challenges. In addition, the incubation period of hepatitis B is relatively long and easily overlooked, so the demand for early diagnosis is becoming increasingly prominent. This article focuses on the detection of serum markers of hepatitis B virus and their application in clinical diagnosis. By systematically exploring the detection methods of different biomarkers and their clinical applications, the aim is to deepen our understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B.
Application of CTTM and SECI in Critical Care Medicine Teaching Based on the Concept of Results-oriented Education
Authors: Li Jianbo , Liao Xuelian
Published: April 2024

In the context of rapid social development, frequent disasters and major accidents pose challenges to the comprehensive abilities of critical care medicine professionals. As an emerging interdisciplinary discipline, critical care medicine encompasses a wide range of professional knowledge. Therefore, emphasizing a results-oriented approach in teaching is crucial. This approach prioritizes teaching outcomes, focusing on enhancing students' abilities and achieving teaching objectives. Implementing the joint approach of CTTM and SECI for critical care medicine teaching proves to be a potent method for realizing the results-oriented education concept. This paper explores the connotations of CTTM and SECI teaching models and their application in the interdisciplinary integrated teaching of critical care medicine. Additionally, it discusses their collaborative use in critical care medicine education, aligning with the principles of results-oriented education for future reference.
The Potential Role of Lutein in Preventing the Development of Myopia
Authors: Zhang Yongshuai
Published: April 2024

This paper comprehensively analyzed the role of lutein in the prevention of myopia progression. Myopia, especially in adolescents, has become an increasingly serious global problem. As a natural carotenoid, lutein is considered to be effective in preventing the development of myopia. This article first reviews the research progress on the effect of lutein on myopia, and then elaborates on the antioxidant properties of lutein, its regulatory effect on the intraocular environment, and its important role in maintaining visual development. In addition, this paper also discusses the methods of preventing myopia by reasonable intake of lutein and the use of lutein supplements, as well as the matters and challenges that should be paid attention to in this process. Finally, the article summarizes the potential of lutein in preventing myopia and proposes future research directions.
Construction Practice of Medical Device Product Life Cycle Management Platform
Authors: Yang Yueming , Zhao Li , Zhu Weigang , Quan Jicheng , Tang Yang , Geng Shengle , Zhong Ming , Wang Huiliang
Published: April 2024

Medical device product life cycle management is one of the core contents of medical device quality management system construction, spanning the entire process of enterprise core business activities including market, research and development, procurement, production, and services. Building a comprehensive and efficient life cycle management system facilitates the implementation of quality management systems. Taking the example of the construction of a unified product life cycle management platform for medical device hardware and software that has been launched and operated, this article describes the general principles and practical experience of constructing a medical device life cycle management platform, including requirements collection, system design, product selection, customization development and confirmation, as well as platform trial, acceptance commissioning, and operation and maintenance management.