bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Effects on Chewing with Mandibular Fixed Dental Bridges with Implants via Finite Element Method
Authors: Liu Yun-Ting , Cheng Han-Yi
Published: December 2020

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the biomechanics of dental bridge with and without implant. Oral models were reconstructed by 3D computer tomography images to simulate oral environment. The stress is an important role in dental bridge applications for osseointegration.
Many studies have investigated finite element researches for dental implants; however, few have evaluated a model for dental bridge with and without implant. The results revealed that abnormal focusing stress was found when dental bridge was used with implant. Moreover, the unbalance situation
was found on the model with only one implant, the highest stress appeared in the present group. Dental bridge with implants would be an effective means of recovering dental performance. However, the present study showed that if only one pier with dental implant in bridge treatment has a potential
to increase abnormal stress, and uniformly distributing stress.
Sorafenib Affects Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis by Regulating DJ-1-PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Qiang , Peng Xiaoming , Gong Lihua , Liu Xiaoqiong , Shan Yuanyuan
Published: December 2020

Objective: To assess sorafenib's role in regulating DJ-1-PTEN/PI3 K/AKT pathway and affecting the biological effects of liver cancer cells. Methods: Human normal liver HL-7702, liver cancer MHC97-L, and HCCLM3 cells were cultured in vitro to measure DJ-1 and PTEN expression. MHC97-L
and HCCLM3 cells were treated with 0, 1.0, 2.0 M of sorafenib followed by analysis of cell viability by CCK-8, and DJ-1 and PTEN expressions by Western blot. MHC97-L cells were separated into control group, 2.0 M Sorafenib treatment group, Sorafenib + pcDNA3.1-Blank group, and Sorafenib +
pcDNA3.1-DJ-1 group. Cell proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry and EdU staining. Results: Compared with HL-7702 cells, DJ-1 expression was significantly increased, while PTEN level was significantly declined in MHC97-L and HCCLM3 cells. Sorafenib treatment significantly inhibited the
proliferation activity of MHC97-L and HCCLM3 cells. Different concentrations of sorafenib significantly downregulated DJ-1 expression and enhanced PTEN expression in MHC97-L cells. pcDNA3.1-DJ-1 transfection on the basis of sorafenib treatment significantly elevated DJ-1 and p -AKT
levels, reduced PTEN expression, decreased cell apoptosis, and enhanced cell proliferation. Conclusion: Sorafenib downregulates DJ-1 expression and affects PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway activity to exert an anti-tumor effect that inhibits liver cancer cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis.
Animal Experimental Study on Repair of Alveolar Bone Defect with Double-Pipe Biphase Bioceramic Polyetheretherketone Composite
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Pengtao , Zhou Yuqi , Jia Yuzhu , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2020

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has the advantages of good biocompatibility, thus become a widely used bone remodeling material. Bioceramics are also highly effective bone repair materials. However, the repairing effect of biphasic bioceramics combined with polyetheretherketone composites
on alveolar bone defects has not been elucidated. SD rats were separated into control group that was established as alveolar bone injury model; PEEK group that the alveolar bone injury model was repaired with polyether ether ketone; and composite group that alveolar bone injury model was repaired
with double-tube biphase bioceramic/polyetheretherketone. After 8 weeks of treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD) changes were assessed by X-ray absorptiometry. HE staining was used to analyze the changes of tooth defect. The change of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content was analyzed. Real-time
PCR was performed to measure osteogenic factors Opn and Runx2 expressions. Serum BMP-2 level was analyzed by ELISA. The alveolar ridge height was compared and the alveolar bone repair rate was calculated. In the PEEK group and the composite group, BMD was significantly increased, bone was
repaired, Runx2 and Opn mRNA expression was upregulated and ALP activity was enhanced along with elevated BMP-2 secretion, alveolar ridge height and bone repair rate compared to control group (P < 0 05). The composite group exhibited more significant changes compared with PEEK group (P
< 0 05). Double-tube biphasic bioceramic/polyetheretherketone composites can repair alveolar bone defects, promote osteogenic differentiation, induce BMP-2 secretion, enhance bone density, and accelerate alveolar bone repair.
The Potential Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Regulating Myocardin, a Transcription Factor Specific to Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, on Atherosclerosis
Authors: Qin Ying , Li Xiaojie , Xu Jianwei , Liu Xingde , Zhou Yixia
Published: December 2020

Background and Aim: To investigate whether and how inhibition of GSK-3 regulates myocardin activity in the human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and to explore the action of GSK-3 inhibitor (AR-A014418) on atherosclerosis (AS) in rats. Materials and Methods: The western-blotting
and RT-qPCR were conducted to gauging the changes in protein and transcription levels of related factors. Immunoprecipitation was used to discuss the relationship between myocardin and ACTA2. HE staining and red oil staining were performed to demonstrate pathological changes in renal tissue
and aorta. Results: AR-A014418 sharply reduced the activity of myocardin and further abated its phosphorylation of serine and threonine and the recruitment of myocardin to ACTA2. Besides, AR-A014418 could alleviate the pathological changes and significantly increase expression levels of ACTA2
in AS rats. Conclusion: GSK-3 may bilaterally regulate the transcriptional activity of myocardin in vascular SMCs. The regulation of GSK-3 on the transcriptional activity of myocardin may be an important mechanism of differentiation and dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle and related
diseases.
Comparing Growth Rates of Simulated Moist and Dry Convective Thermals
Authors: Morrison Hugh , Peters John M. , Sherwood Steven C.
Published: December 2020

The spreading rates of convective thermals are linked to their net entrainment, and previous literature has suggested differences in spreading rates between moist and dry thermals. In this study, growth rates of idealized numerically simulated axisymmetric dry and moist convective thermals are directly compared. In an environment with dry-neutral stratification, the increase of thermal radius with height dR/dz is a larger by a factor of 1.7 for dry thermals relative to moist thermals. The fractional change in thermal volume ε is also greater for dry thermals within a distance of ~4 radii from the initial thermal height. Values of dR/dz are nearly constant with height for both moist and dry thermals consistent with classical theory based on dimensional analysis. The simulations are also consistent with theory relating impulse, circulation, and spreading rate for dry thermals proposed in previous papers and extended here to moist thermals, predicting they will spread less than dry thermals. Tests adding heating to dry thermals, either spread uniformly across the thermal volume or concentrated in the inner core, indicate that dR/dz and ε are smaller for moist thermals because latent heating is confined mostly to their cores. Additional axisymmetric moist simulations using modified lapse rates and large-eddy simulations support this analysis. Overall, these results indicate that slow spreading rates are a fundamental feature of moist thermals caused by latent heating that alters the spatial distribution of buoyancy within them relative to dry thermals.
Contribution of Ocean Physics and Dynamics at Different Scales to Heat Uptake in Low-Resolution AOGCMs
Authors: Saenko Oleg A. , Gregory Jonathan M. , Griffies Stephen M. , Couldrey Matthew P. , Dias Fabio Boeira
Published: December 2020

Using an ensemble of atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) in an idealized climate change experiment, this study quantifies the contributions to ocean heat uptake (OHU) from ocean physical parameterizations and resolved dynamical processes operating at different scales. Analysis of heat budget diagnostics reveals a leading-order global heat balance in the subsurface upper ocean in a steady state between the large-scale circulation warming it and mesoscale processes cooling it, and shows that there are positive contributions from processes on all scales to the subsurface OHU during climate change. There is better agreement among the AOGCMs in the net OHU than in the individual scales/processes contributing to it. In the upper ocean and at high latitudes, OHU is dominated by small-scale diapycnal processes. Below 400 m, OHU is dominated by the superresidual transport, representing large-scale ocean dynamics combined with all parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale eddy effects. Weakening of the AMOC leads to less heat convergence in the subpolar North Atlantic and less heat divergence at lower latitudes, with a small overall effect on the net Atlantic heat content. At low latitudes, the dominance of advective heat redistribution is contrary to the diffusive OHU mechanism assumed by the commonly used upwelling-diffusion model. Using a density water-mass framework, it is found that most of the OHU occurs along isopycnal directions. This feature of OHU is used to accurately reconstruct the global vertical ocean warming profile from the surface heat flux anomalies, supporting advective (rather than diffusive) models of OHU and sea level rise.
Motherhood and the contradictions of feminism: Appraising claims towards emancipation in the perspective of surrogacy
Authors: Corradi Consuelo
Published: December 2020

This article aims to explore some of the fundamental notions that connect the narrative of feminist emancipation to the experience of motherhood. It elucidates any inherent contradictions, appraises their implications for motherhood and assesses their respective salience today for feminist thought. It does so, in particular, by setting motherhood in a wider context where contradictions to feminist theory surface clearly: namely, through dialogues from empirical findings in contemporary motherhood studies and in the context of surrogacy and artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs). Ostensibly, one of the prominent tenets of classic feminism has been its disparaging view of motherhood as being the bastion of women’s subordination in a patriarchal society – the corollary being that the emancipation of women could happen only through opposition to or, at best, despite motherhood. The first two sections of the article present classic concepts related to domestic life and motherhood that lambast institutions of male domination, still highly influential in shaping discussions of women’s movements around the world. The third section focuses on feminism’s controversy over the practice of surrogacy and contends that the epistemological distinction between giving birth and mothering posited by feminism actually legitimizes ARTs’ continuing transformation of women’s bodies into ‘open access flesh’. This is the terrain on which today technology, not patriarchy, is erected. The fourth section surveys a range of vibrant, recent motherhood studies and reclaims the empowering capacity of motherhood at grassroots level, with wider implications. The conclusion raises the issue of ‘mothering as empowerment’ as a missing piece in the broader landscape of feminist theory, particularly in light of findings that there is a significant concurrence of values and practices characterizing how women with children self-define themselves, as both moral and social agents.
Lo spazio dell’etica nella poesia contemporanea
Authors: Brancati Francesco
Published: December 2020

The first, theoretical part of this essay engages a recent publication by Maria Borio, dedicated to Italian poetry from the 1970s to the 1990s. Borio’s volume analyzes some methodological issues, and while she attempts to establish a poetical canon, she also deals with its correlation to a form of ethical and lyrical knowledge. The second part of the essay analyzes the ethical dimension of some choice poetic collections published between the late 1990s and the early 2000s; here, Brancati explores poetry by Antonella Anedda, Franco Buffoni, and Mario Benedetti, in which the need of the lyrical subject to foster a genuine representation of a given experience determines a reformulation of the author’s style.
Destination Attributes Affecting Negative Memory: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Kim Jong-Hyeong
Published: December 2020

Previous researcher has discussed the significance of negative emotional experiences on consumer behavior. However, the extant memorable tourism experiences literature is preoccupied with discussing positive memorable experiences. To address this gap and to support destination managers, this study developed a scale that conceptualizes destination attributes associated with negatively memorable tourism experiences. Employing a multi-study method, this study identified a six-dimensional construct that influences negatively memorable tourism experiences. Multiple data supported the dimensional structure of this scale and confirmed its reliability, construct validity, discriminant, and predictive validity. Theoretical and managerial implications drawn from this study are discussed in detail.
Latent Markov Latent Trait Analysis for Exploring Measurement Model Changes in Intensive Longitudinal Data
Authors: Vogelsmeier Leonie V. D. E. , Vermunt Jeroen K. , Keijsers Loes , De Roover Kim
Published: December 2020

Drawing inferences about dynamics of psychological constructs from intensive longitudinal data requires the measurement model (MM)—indicating how items relate to constructs—to be invariant across subjects and time-points. When assessing subjects in their daily life, however, there may be multiple MMs, for instance, because subjects differ in their item interpretation or because the response style of (some) subjects changes over time. The recently proposed “latent Markov factor analysis” (LMFA) evaluates (violations of) measurement invariance by classifying observations into latent “states” according to the MM underlying these observations such that MMs differ between states but are invariant within one state. However, LMFA is limited to normally distributed continuous data and estimates may be inaccurate when applying the method to ordinal data (e.g., from Likert items) with skewed responses or few response categories. To enable researchers and health professionals with ordinal data to evaluate measurement invariance, we present “latent Markov latent trait analysis” (LMLTA), which builds upon LMFA but treats responses as ordinal. Our application shows differences in MMs of adolescents’ affective well-being in different social contexts, highlighting the importance of studying measurement invariance for drawing accurate inferences for psychological science and practice and for further understanding dynamics of psychological constructs.
Some Lessons From 50 Years of Multiarm Public Policy Experiments
Authors: Orr Larry L. , Gubits Daniel
Published: December 2020

In this article, we explore the reasons why multiarm trials have been conducted and the design and analysis issues they involve. We point to three fundamental reasons for such designs: (1) Multiarm designs allow the estimation of “response surfaces”—that is, the variation in response to an intervention across a range of one or more continuous policy parameters. (2) Multiarm designs are an efficient way to test multiple policy approaches to the same social problem simultaneously, either to compare the effects of the different approaches or to estimate the effect of each separately. (3) Multiarm designs may allow for the estimation of the separate and combined effects of discrete program components. We illustrate each of these objectives with examples from the history of public policy experimentation over the past 50 years and discuss some design and analysis issues raised by each, including sample allocation, statistical power, multiple comparisons, and alignment of analysis with goals of the evaluation.
The Relationship Between Teacher Non-Verbal Communication and Student Behavior: A Cross-National Perspective
Authors: Šerić Maja
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at providing insights on the role of non-verbal communication (NVC) in classroom by examining the relationship between teacher NVC cues and student behavior. Student behavior is considered in terms of perceptions of the match between the teacher and the student self-concept (i.e. self-image congruence), attention, and learning. Hypotheses are tested on a sample of students coming from Spain and Italy. Findings indicate that the student self-concept has the strongest relationship with teacher personal appearance, attention with paralinguistics, and learning with kinesics. Some differences are found in the strength of the examined relationships between Spanish and Italian students.
Management of Bilaterally Impacted Labial and Palatal Maxillary Canines With One-Year Follow-Up: A Case Report
Authors: Kohli Sarvraj S , Singh Kohli Virinder
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Management of impacted maxillary canines is considered to be complex and challenging task by orthodontists due to the varied biomechanical considerations involved.

Objective:

This article describes an effective and efficient treatment modality for de-impaction of bilaterally impacted labial and palatal canines.

Case Report:

A female patient aged 13 years and 5 months presented with the following complaints: absence of tooth numbers 13 and 23, crowding in the upper and lower anterior dental units, and over-retained tooth numbers 53 and 63 with a non-consonant smile arc.

Results:

Arch development was done to create space for tooth numbers 13 and 23, as well as to relieve crowding. The impacted canines were surgically exposed, and guided traction was employed to place them in their ideal position. A class I canine and premolar relation was established. The smile aesthetics were also improved. The result remained stable 12 months after the end of treatment. The improvement can be quantified by the reduction in scores of orthodontic indices measured pretreatment and posttreatment.

Conclusion:

Modifications in continuous arch mechanics can be reliably used in the management of impacted canines and arch development.
Haemoadsorption by CytoSorb® in patients with acute liver failure: A case series
Authors: Tomescu Dana , Popescu Mihai , David Corina , Sima Romina , Dima Simona
Published: December 2020

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease associated with multi-organ failure and increased mortality. Severe inflammation is now considered the main pathophysiological mechanism for organ dysfunction, thus rebalancing pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines may improve liver function and outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical effects of a haemoadsorption column on biochemical parameters in patients with ALF. We prospectively included 28 patients with ALF who were treated with three consecutive sessions of continuous venovenous haemofiltration in combination with CytoSorb®. Our results show an improvement in liver functional tests and a decrease in Creactive protein. Thrombocytopenia remains one of the most important side effects of this treatment and careful consideration should be made before initiation of treatment.
A critical review of interdisciplinary perspectives on the paradox of prosocial compared to antisocial manifestations of empathy
Authors: Guthridge Michaela , Mason Paul H. , Penovic Tania , Giummarra Melita J.
Published: December 2020

Empathy is the ability to experience affective and cognitive states of another person, whilst maintaining a distinct self, in order to understand the other. It is a multidimensional phenomenon, ranging from vicarious distress to near complete understanding, with many shades in between. As an almost universal and integral human construct, empathy has been considered in many disciplines and contexts, from evolution to gender, politics, economics, ethics, human rights and neuroscience. Each of these disciplines offers a range of definitions of empathy, and provides unique insights into the role of empathy in achieving different types of social outcomes, including those with both prosocial and antisocial intentions. The conceptualization generated from interdisciplinary perspectives is important because it allows us to identify commonalities that could be mobilized synergistically to achieve greater social benefit through prosocial empathy. This review discusses the benevolent and malevolent manifestations of empathy from the perspective of social, legal and psychological sciences in order to lay the foundation for a theoretical discussion on the potential of harnessing prosocial empathy to advance equality and non-discrimination.
1-Bromopropane-induced apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cells via oxidative stress and inactivation of Nrf2
Authors: Yang Guangtao , Xiang Yingping , Zhou Wei , Zhong Xiaohuan , Zhang Yanfang , Lin Dafeng , Huang Xianqing
Published: December 2020

The bromoalkane, 1-bromopropane (1-BP), may damage the reproductive system though oxidative stress, while the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in regulating intracellular antioxidant levels against oxidative stress. This study explored the role of oxidative stress and the Nrf2 signaling pathway in mediating the reproductive toxicity of 1-BP using the ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3 as an in vitro model of the human ovary. OVCAR-3 cells were treated with 1, 5, 10 and 15 mM 1-BP. After 24 h, the cellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde concentrations significantly increased, while the superoxide dismutase activity decreased; translocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol to the nucleus as well as downstream protein expression of Nrf2-regulated genes heme oxygenase-1 and Bcl-2 was inhibited. Apoptosis was also observed, accompanied by increased caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity. The antioxidant vitamin C alleviated 1-BP-induced apoptosis by inhibiting caspase activity activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings suggested that 1-BP induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cells through inactivation of Nrf2 signaling.
Etomidate Use for Rapid Sequence Intubation Is Not Associated With Nosocomial Infection
Authors: Hidalgo Daniel Colon , Amin Vishali , Hukku Arushi , Kutlu Kathryn , Rech Megan A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Etomidate is commonly used for induction of anesthesia for rapid sequence intubation (RSI). It has little impact on hemodynamic status, making it a widely used agent. Due to the inhibition of cortisol production, etomidate causes adrenal suppression. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a correlation with etomidate use and the incidence of secondary infections.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients who received either etomidate or control (ketamine, propofol, or no agent) for RSI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of secondary infections. Secondary outcomes included number of mechanical ventilator-free days within 28 days, 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay, and length of intensive care unit stay.

Results:

A total of 434 patients were reviewed, of which 129 (29.7%) met the study criteria (n = 94 etomidate; n = 35 control). The incidence of secondary infection was numerically higher in the etomidate group compared with the control group, though this was not statistically significant (38.7% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.447). Also, though the secondary outcomes showed no statistically significant difference between the groups, the patients in the control group had a longer hospital stay (14.0 vs. 18.1, p = 0.20) and a longer ICU stay (11.0 vs. 14.1, p = 030). Furthermore, the etomidate group had a non-statistically significant higher incidence of bacteremia (8 vs. 0, p = 0.17)

Conclusion:

The use of etomidate was not associated with increased incidence of secondary infection. To fully understand the effects of etomidate use and its subsequent adrenal suppression, larger studies are needed.
Texture development in 304LN austenitic stainless steel during post-hot-axisymmetric compression
Authors: Rout Matruprasad , Singh Shiv Brat , Pal Surjya K
Published: December 2020

In the present work, 304LN austenitic stainless steel has been considered for the texture evolution study after the hot-deformation process. The axi-symmetric compression tests, with post-deformation isothermal holding at the same temperature, were performed at 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C with a strain rate of 0.1 s−1. Texture evolution during the post-hot-deformation was studied through electron back scattered diffraction. Effect of temperature and holding time on texture evolution were studied. At low deformation temperature and lesser holding time 〈100〉 and 〈110〉 fibre textures were observed. At high deformation temperature and/or high holding time the texture becomes random. Texture intensity along α fibre, for all the temperatures, is chaotic whereas along β and τ fibres it is uniform at low temperature and becomes chaotic with the increase in deformation temperature. Goss component was found to be a major texture component with significant amount of ND and RD rotated cube components.
Effects of Dicer1 targeted by EBV-miR-BART6-5p on biological properties and radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Tang Jing , Liu Zhao-Yang , Tang Yi , Wang Yan
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To discuss the effects of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded BamHI A rightward transcript (BART) microRNA (miR-BART6-5p) by targeting Dicer1 on biological properties and radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods:

NPC patients (n = 96) treated with radiotherapy were collected from Jan 2010 to Jan 2011. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were carried out to measure the expression of miR-BART6-5p and Dicer1. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified that miR-BART6-5p targeted Dicer1. CCK8, wound-healing, Transwell and Annexin-FITC/PI were employed to evaluate the effects of Dicer1 mediated by miR-BART6-5p on biological characteristics of NPC cells. The radiosensitivity of miR-BART6-5p targeting Dicer1 was assessed in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

Increased miR-BART6-5p and decreased Dicer1 were discovered in NPC patients, displaying a close association with T-stage, clinical stage, as well as Pre-DNA of NPC. While elevated Dicer1 and miR-BART6-5p down-regulation in NPC patients were found after effective radiotherapy. Both miR-BART6-5p and Dicer1 were prognostic factors of NPC. Down-regulation of miR-BART6-5p could enhance Dicer1 expression and inhibit NPC cell proliferation, invasion and migration with promoted apoptosis. Clone formation assay also showed miR-BART6-5p down-regulation reduced planting efficiency (PE), which further decreased with the increased dose of irradiation. Injection with miR-BART6-5p inhibitors in nude mice after 6-Gy irradiation contributed to the overexpression of Dicer1 and the inhibition of tumor growth.

Conclusions:

EBV-miR-BART6-5p may target Dicer1 to facilitate proliferation and metastasis of NPC cells and suppress apoptosis, thus being a new target for NPC therapy.
Numerical and experimental investigation of delaminations in a unidirectional composite plate using NDT and SHM techniques
Authors: Migot Asaad , Mei Hanfei , Giurgiutiu Victor
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the non-destructive testing (NDT), structural health monitoring (SHM), and scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) techniques were presented to quantify three simulated delaminations inserted at different depths of a unidirectional composite plate. First, the RollerFORM and Omniscan equipment were sufficiently used to identify the delaminations. Second, in conjunction with guided waves, the developed imaging method was successfully used to detect and quantify the interested delaminations. The tuning curves were determined experimentally to define the dominant Lamb wave modes of incident waves. Third, multi-physics three-dimensional finite element simulations of propagating and interacting Lamb waves with delaminations were implemented to extract the wavefield data for wavenumber analysis. The experimental part was conducted to validate the numerical results using SLDV. The effect of the delamination depth on the trapped waves generated over the delamination region was studied numerically and experimentally. The results showed that trapped waves could be affected by the delamination depth. Both numerical and experimental results demonstrated that the near surface delamination has strong trapped waves over the delamination region while the far surface delamination has weak trapped waves. The energy distribution maps of numerical and experimental wavefields data sufficiently quantified the interested delaminations. A good agreement was achieved between the numerical and experimental results.
The Legacy of Susan Wheelan
Authors: Åkerlund Maria , Jacobsson Christian , Tilin Felice
Published: December 2020

Dr Susan Wheelan, scientist, author, teacher and practitioner in the field of group research and development, passed away in November of 2019. This article was written to commemorate her life and work.
Mapping of Journal of Service Research Themes: A 22-Year Review
Authors: Donthu Naveen , Gremler Dwayne D. , Kumar Satish , Pattnaik Debidutta
Published: December 2020

The Journal of Service Research ( JSR) is one of the leading outlets in service research. It is international in scope and widely recognized among scholars, academicians, and practitioners for its original and well-executed research. In its 22 years of publishing, the journal has produced literary content considered classics in the service domain. With the application of bibliometric techniques, we examine articles published in JSR between 1998 and 2019. Our study explicates JSR’s prominent topics and tracks the evolution of research themes in the journal. “Customer satisfaction,” “service recovery,” and “service quality” are some of the prolific themes trending in JSR, while “big data,” “value cocreation,” “customer resource integration,” “service design,” and “customer participation” are its hottest topics. This study contributes primarily by providing a rich retrospective of JSR’s 22 years of publishing and proposes future research topics for the journal.
Prevention for oneself or others? Psychological and social factors that explain social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Christner Natalie , Sticker Regina M , Söldner Lena , Mammen Maria , Paulus Markus
Published: December 2020

Identifying the underlying psychological and social factors of social distancing is crucial to foster preventive behavior during a pandemic effectively. We investigated the relative contribution of self-focused factors (fear of infection, fear of punishment) and other-focused factors (moral judgment, moral identity, empathy for unspecific others, empathy for loved ones) in an online study in Germany ( N = 246) while COVID-19 was climaxing. Importantly, other-oriented factors were related to social distancing behavior beyond self-oriented factors. Moral judgment and empathy for loved ones remained the dominant factors while controlling for all aspects. These findings underline the relevance of interpersonal considerations when engaging in preventive behavior.
Effects of solar radiation on thermal sensation and physical fatigue of the human body under heavy-load exercise
Authors: Xiao Yongqiang , Gao Yaping , Wang Yi , Meng Xiaojing
Published: December 2020

Solar radiation intensity affects both subjective reactions and physiological functions, especially for people who exercise heavily. Field experiments including a questionnaire survey at various ambient temperatures were performed; outdoor activities under shading (irradiance I =  50 ± 20 W/m2) and non-shading ( I =  700 ± 50 W/m2) conditions during summer in Xi'an were recorded. The results of questionnaires indicated that when the human body reached an extremely hot state, the corresponding environmental temperature was 3.7 °C lower under the non-shading condition, and the range of actual acceptable temperatures was narrower. In terms of thermal sensation, there was a significant difference for people who exercise heavily and those who do not. The results also showed that the curve of fatigue sensation exhibited an inverse Gaussian distribution. Namely, fatigue was promoted under both colder and hotter conditions. Moreover, under non-shading condition, the lowest fatigue incidence was higher, and the corresponding ambient temperature was lower. Changes in objective physiological responses indicated that the solar radiation might cause heat stress. Therefore, when the ambient temperature was higher than 32 °C, physiological stress was higher. Under the same exercise load, the blood pressure was higher under the non-shading condition and systolic blood pressure increased with ambient temperature.
Something wicked this way comes: How well did UK newspapers support the public debate of Avian Influenza as a wicked problem?
Authors: Garnier Marie , Tamás Peter A , van Wessel Margit , van Bommel Severine
Published: December 2020

The news media in general, and newspapers in particular, are supposed to provide a forum for public debate. These expectations of news media take on a heightened relevance in the case of wicked problems precisely because of the irreducible complexity, the inherent tensions, and the multiplicity of stakeholders and conflicting interests involved in such issues. Both their material complexity and lack of consensus make wicked problems difficult to address. This study uses British newspaper coverage of the H5N1 avian influenza outbreak (2003–2008) to determine if under near ideal conditions, newspaper coverage in the UK is compatible with the expectation that newspapers provide a forum that supports constructive societal debate of a complex, wicked problem. We chose to work with avian influenza because it was extensively covered, evidence rich, and not captive to clear partisan constructions. Our frame analysis examined 254 relevant newspaper articles published in seven national circulation outlets between 2003 and 2008. Newspaper coverage did reflect multiple problem definitions and causal interpretations of avian influenza, which is consistent with the expectation that the media inform and open up public debate. Coverage did not, however, link avian flu to other related issues, engage in systemic contestation or problematise structure. Finally, we found that, despite heterogeneous problem definitions, there was near consensus on a single technical solution. This coverage does not appear to support the open, constructive and informed public debate whose promise justifies the privileges given to news media.
Theorising child well-being: Towards a framework for analysing Early Childhood Education policy in England
Authors: Street Martina
Published: December 2020

‘Well-being’ is increasingly used in child rights discourses and early childhood education (ECE) policy contexts as a desirable outcome for young children. In spite of its ubiquitous use, however, child well-being remains largely under-theorised, thereby contributing to implicit understandings within policy arenas. This paper contributes to attempts to address this gap by proposing a theoretical framework of child well-being.

The framework is developed in stages. First, two prominent approaches to well-being are described: distributive and relational approaches. Distributive approaches are subdivided into primary goods theory and capability theory. These theories focus on differential approaches to resource distribution. Relational approaches to well-being are then considered. These focus on the intrinsic importance of the processes of well-being. Second, the concepts privileged by each of these well-being theories are further developed into a framework by reflecting on children’s rights to provision, protection and participation as promoted by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Following this, the framework is used to analyse ECE policy with a specific focus on the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) curriculum and measurement requirements. Academic literatures examining ECE policy is then reviewed to extrapolate understandings of the potential implications of this policy for young children’s well-being.

The findings suggest that the EYFS theorises well-being in ways that are limited and may be limiting of young children’s well beings and doings. The associated measurement practices and curriculum goals, in particular, may undermine practice supportive of young children’s well-being.
The effect of distraction, response mode and age on peripheral target detection to inform studies of lighting for driving
Authors: Fotios S , Robbins CJ , Fox SR , Cheal C , Rowe R
Published: December 2020

It is expected that the detection of peripheral objects, a key visual task for safe driving, is affected by cognitive distraction, by observer age and by the manner in which action is undertaken following detection. An experiment was conducted to measure these effects, using a fixation cross and peripheral target discs displayed on a screen. The experiment was repeated with young (18–25 years) and old (60+years) age groups, with six distraction tasks, and with simple and choice response modes. The older group was found to respond more slowly than the younger group and detected fewer targets. The results suggest that distraction impairs detection, with the degree of impairment depending on the difficulty of the distraction task. Participants were generally slower at responding with choice response but this did not lead to a greater number of missed targets. Where lighting standards are informed by the ability to detect peripheral hazards, the research should represent older people, choice responses and impaired detection due to distraction.
Bringing History Forward: Learning from Historical Context when Translating Contemporary Health Evidence into Planning Practice
Authors: Paine Greg , Thompson Susan , Prior Jason , Connon Irena , Kent Jennifer L.
Published: December 2020

We describe an historical review of planning documents related to a newly developing high-density locality in Sydney, Australia. The review was undertaken to support the translational component of a larger project investigating how best to include knowledge and experience from the health disciplines to ensure a way of living not hitherto commonplace in Australia is also health-supportive. This article presents (i) key findings from the historical data; (ii) associated learnings about practice, developed to assist the wider translational objectives; and (iii) observations on the potential for such historical reviews to inform better planning practice more broadly.
A novel signal detection algorithm of multiple-input multiple-output Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time for underwater acoustic networks based on the improved minimum mean square error
Authors: Zhao Gaoli , Wang Jianping , Song Junping , Chen Wei
Published: December 2020

Multiple-input multiple-output is a commonly used technology supporting for high-rate transmission over frequency-selective fading channels with multiple antennas. Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time is a detection method of a multiple-input multiple-output system, which establishes a direct correspondence between antennas and layers. Studies demonstrate that multiple-input multiple-output Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time is a meaningful way for underwater acoustic networks of high performance. However, considering the hardware constraints and energy consumption, achieving a trade-off between the bit error ratio and complexity is a crucial issue for underwater acoustic networks of multiple-input multiple-output Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time systems. This article proposes a novel signal detection algorithm of multiple-input multiple-output Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time. First, we address the unitary matrix of the underwater acoustic channel by LDLHdecomposition. Second, we order the detection sequence based on the permutation matrix. Third, we detail the implementation of interference cancelation and slice processing. Finally, we perform experiments for comparing the bit error ratio, energy consumption, processing delay, and complexity of the proposed algorithm with zero-forcing Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time, minimum mean square error Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time, and maximum likelihood Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time. Results indicate that our algorithm maintains bit error ratio and the processing delay to that of maximum likelihood Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time algorithm. However, it reduces the energy consumption, which achieves a good trade-off between performance and complexity. This work supports on constructing underwater acoustic networks of multiple-input multiple-output Vertical-Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time system.
Lifestyle and Stress Management in Women During COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Burden
Authors: Mattioli Anna Vittoria , Sciomer Susanna , Maffei Silvia , Gallina Sabina
Published: December 2020

CoV-19/SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus 2019/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is a virus that has caused a pandemic with high numbers of deaths worldwide. To contain the diffusion of infection, several governments have enforced restrictions on outdoor activities on the population. Today, we are witnessing the so-called “second wave” COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) with an increasing number of cases similar to the one reported at the beginning of the current year. It is plausible that further restrictions will be applied to contain the “second wave” of infections. The present commentary evaluated the effects of stress on lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic in women. We briefly suggest practical recommendations for women to reduce stress and recovery for a healthy lifestyle after quarantine. Quarantine is associated with stress and depression, which lead to unhealthy lifestyle, including unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol, and reduced physical activity. Women are more likely to suffer from depression and stress and quarantine has acted as a trigger. The prolongation of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world requires decisive action to correct the unhealthy lifestyle that has developed in recent months.
Fight Against Doping as a Social Performance: The Case of the 2015–2016 Russian Anti-Doping Crisis
Authors: Ohl Fabien , Fincoeur Bertrand , Schoch Lucie
Published: December 2020

In 2016, the Olympic Movement had to face a major crisis of state sponsored doping in Russia. This crisis raised suspicions about the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the World Anti-doping Agency’s (WADA) efficiency and integrity.

This article focuses on the Russian doping case, as it offers rich and diverse empirical material that helps understand the social context of the production and circulation of performance. To this end, we articulate Bourdieu’s fields theory and Abbott’s linked ecologies as relevant models to analyse and discuss our case study and its implications. We used newspaper articles on the Russian crisis, a content analysis of official WADA and IOC publications, and field notes taken during informal talks with anti-doping stakeholders.

In this article, it is argued that IOC and WADA’s social performance was ineffective for three reasons. First, the crisis revealed the gap between the promises of anti-doping and the widespread doping in Russia. Second, it demonstrated the extent to which the Russian crisis fragilised the binding role of the sport doxa, reinforced the role of anti-doping stakeholders’ specific ecologies and belittled cooperation between them to display a shared meaning of the situation. Third, embedded in a complex web of interactions and interdependencies with other actors, WADA and the IOC were unable to perform a convincing ‘social performance’ and both were judged to be ineffective and untrustworthy. The results of the study show (1) the importance of the diachronic dimension of social performance; (2) the relevance of relying on Bourdieu’s field theory to understand the central role of temporality in the production of meanings; (3) the usefulness of Abbott’s perspective to understand that producers do not control the meanings and understand how they were reframed; (4) the relative autonomy of the meanings associated with social performance.
Effect of Benralizumab in Patients With Severe Eosinophilic Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Case Series
Authors: Chitguppi Chandala , Patel Prachi , Gandler Alan , Murphy Kira , Khoury, MD Tawfiq , Monostra Pamela , Bork Stephanie , Toskala Elina , Rabinowitz Mindy , Rosen Marc , Nyquist Gurston , Most Jessica
Published: December 2020

Objective

To analyze the effect of benralizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma (SA) and chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwP).

Methods

Retrospective review of patients with both SA and CRSwP that were treated with benralizumab. Asthma controlled test (ACT), pulmonary function metrics (FEV1), Meltzer endoscopic polyp scores, SNOT-22 scores, were collected before and after at least 4 months of benralizumab therapy.

Results

23 patients were included. The mean age at the time of enrollment into benralizumab therapy was 50.47 ± 17.3 years and majority (65.2%, n = 15) were males. Pulmonary Effects: In comparison to baseline ACT, scores at four months showed significant improvement (p = 0.03). In those with pre and post spirometry measurements, mean FEV1 showed significant increase following benralizumab therapy (p = 0.04) with a mean increase of 547 mL ± 597 mL following therapy. Sinonasal Effects: 78.5% of subjects on benralizumab had a significant improvement in sinonasal symptoms (p = 0.009) based on their SNOT-22 scores. Additionally, there was an improvement in endoscopic polyp scores, although not statistically significant, following benralizumab therapy (p = 0.2) with 54.5% patients showing improvement.

Conclusion

Usage of benralizumab in patients with SA and CRSwNP can lead to significantly improved asthma control, lung function, and sinonasal quality of life. Additionally, in this patient population, there was a subset of patients that showed a significant reduction in polyp burden.
Evaluating hospital information system according to ISO 9241 part 12
Authors: Montazeri Mahdieh , Khajouei Reza , Montazeri Mitra
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Compliance with standards in designing information systems leads to better utilization and ease of use for users. In this study, the compliance of a widely used hospital information system (HIS) with ISO 9241 part 12 was assessed.

Methods

This applied research is a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which the HIS of 8 hospitals affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences was evaluated based on ISO 9241 part 12. Data were collected by using ISO 9241/12 checklist. The data was analyzed in SPSS 16 using descriptive statistics.

Results

The analysis of data showed that the total compliance of the software with the ISO 9241/12 was 72%. The compliance of the software based on different groups of recommendations was 79% with Organization of information, 91% with Graphic objects, and 58% with Coding techniques. Compliance with different subgroups of ISO recommendations ranged from 28% related to “color coding” in coding techniques to 97% related to “General recommendation for graphical objects” in Graphic objects.

Conclusion

According to this study, the design of a widely used HIS has fairly good compliance with the standard but still suffers from some problems. Considering the role of accurate, valid and timely information in management of the hospitals, and the difficulty of system optimization after implementation, it is necessary that software developers follow existing standards when designing health information systems.