bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crianza de abejas nativas: una pedagogía agroecológica con raíces
Authors: Delgado Yorlis Luna , Maya Elda Miriam Aldasoro , Borrel Eric Vides , Morales Helda , Rosset Peter
Published: December 2022

Hay un consenso generalizado sobre la necesidad del escalonamiento agroecológico como alternativa a la crisis generada por la insostenibilidad del modelo de agricultura industrial y más aún en el contexto actual de pandemia sanitaria. Sin embargo, transicionar de la producción convencional a la agroecológica es un desafío teórico, metodológico y práctico, puesto que implica generar cambios duraderos en los pensares, sentires y el actuar de los seres humanos. En el presente trabajo exploramos cómo la crianza de abejas nativas favorece el aprendizaje de la agroecología en Nicaragua. La crianza de abejas nativas es una práctica ancestral en Nicaragua, sin embargo, se encuentra en riesgo por la degradación del paisaje y los cambios culturales. A través de una investigación-acción-participativa en el departamento de Carazo, se documenta cómo las exigencias de la meliponicultura se vuelven elementos motivadores para avanzar en los principios agroecológicos. El aprendizaje de la crianza de abejas nativas sin aguijón es un proceso lento, cotidiano, con un carácter activo, que cambia a los individuos y al paisaje. Este trabajo identifica la manera en que un elemento propio del territorio se convierte en un dispositivo que favorece el cambio agroecológico, en correspondencia con los saberes, la espiritualidad y cultura local.
Therapeutic benefit of ursodeoxycholic acid in tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Adikwu Elias , Bokolo Bonsome
Published: December 2022

Background. The clinical use of tamoxifen (TAM) may cause hepatotoxicity. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has promising liver protective activity. This study assessed the protective effect of UDCA on TAM-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Material and methods. Thirty five adult female Wistar rats were grouped into 7 of n=5/group. The rats were treated for 10 days as follows: Group 1: Water (10 mL/kg/day; placebo control) per oral [p.o], group 2: Ethanol 1% (1mL/kg/day; vehicle control) intraperitoneally (i.p), group 3: UDCA (40 mg/kg/day/p.o) and group 4: TAM (45 mg/kg/day) i.p. Groups 5-7 were pretreated with UDCA (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg), before daily treatment with TAM (45 mg/kg/day) i.p, respectively. On day 11, blood samples were collected and assessed for serum liver biomarkers. Liver samples were evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology.Results. Significantly (p<0.05) decreased body weight and significantly (p<0.01) increased liver weight occurred in TAM- treated rats when compared to placebo control. TAM significantly (p<0.001) increased serum alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, aminotransferases, bilirubin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and liver malondialdehyde levels when compared to control. TAM significantly (p<0.001) decreased liver glutathione, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, serum total protein, albumin total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels when compared to control. Steatosis and necrotic changes occurred in TAM-treated rats. UDCA pretreatment significantly prevents TAM-induced changes in serum biochemical markers, and oxidative stress indices in a dose-related fashion when compared to TAM. UDCA prevents TAM-induced changes in liver histology.Conclusion. UDCA may be clinically effective for TAM associated hepatotoxicity.
Pegylation – in search of balance and enhanced bioavailability
Authors: Łażewski Dawid , Murias Marek , Wierzchowski Marcin
Published: December 2022

In the process of finding better therapeutics, thousands of new molecules are synthesised every day. Many of these can be poorly soluble in water, leading to a potentially promising drug being rejected during testing due to its poor solubility. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has become known as an excellent modification to remedy this and was initially used to increase circulation time and reduce the immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins. Thus significantly increasing their safety and range of use. Another group of compounds in which significant benefits of pegylation have been seen are photosensitisers. Used in photodynamic therapy, they are often characterised by very high hydrophobicity. Pegylation of their structure significantly increases their affinity for cancer cells and facilitates their penetration through cell membranes. Classical small-molecule drugs can benefit from temporary combinations hydrolysed in the body or very short PEG chains. This approach allows a significant increase in the bioavailability of the drug while avoiding the disadvantages of small molecule pegylation. However, the most common motive for pegylation recently is the creation of drug carriers. Liposomes and nanoparticles make it possible to exploit the advantages of PEG to stabilise their structure and increase circulation time while not modifying the structure of the active compound. Unfortunately, PEGs also have their drawbacks. The first is their high molecular weight range, especially for longer chains, which poses difficulties in purification. Another is the emergence of antibodies directed against PEG. Nevertheless, pegylation is still an up-and-coming method for modifying pharmaceutically active molecules.
‘The Spatial Void Could be a Chance to Recreate’: Queer Visual Activism in the Fallout of the Beirut Blast
Authors: Skinner Chloe
Published: December 2022

On August 4th, 2020, Beirut was torn apart by a chemical explosion at its port. The blast was a consequence of dire government negligence – killing over 200 people, injuring a further 6,500, and causing massive destruction. Although the catastrophic effects of the blast were felt across the whole of Beirut, those areas most significantly affected – particularly the neighbourhoods of Mar Mikhael, Gemmayze and Geitawi – were among the most queer-friendly areas in Beirut, in which ‘queer bodies [could be] safely visible’ in the otherwise ‘hyper-(hetero)sexualized city’ (Aouad and Abed, 2021: 3). Intersecting with the realities of an economic crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic, the devastation of queer safe spaces as a result of the blast precipitated deep material and indeed existential losses across the diverse queer communities of Beirut.
 This article engages with the process of visual activism in the fallout of the Beirut blast, exploring specifically the affective and temporal dimensions of creation against the backdrop of spatial destruction. Analysing the work of three Lebanese visual practitioners from Beirut, I explore how they navigate the terrains of material loss, traumatic grief, reclamation, and resistance through their art and activism. I examine the evolution from immediate adaptation to humanitarian activism post-blast – quickly organised through the mobilisation of existing networks of artists and activists – to the grappling with grief and trauma through artistic outputs, and finally the ongoing work of reclamation and recreation within a particular spatial context. Analysing both loss and rebuilding, this article serves to foreground the voices, work, and strategies of queer and feminist visual activists as they reclaim space and reassert their presence amidst the trauma and material wreckage of the Beirut blast.
The Hidden Case of Ewan Forbes
Authors: Ellis Sarah Jayne
Published: December 2022

Review of the book "The Hidden Case of Ewan Forbes" edited by Zoe Playdon.
‘Nori’ (Porphyra sp.), a Functional Food Showing Anticancer Activity against Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Elumalai Sanniyasi , Rajesh Kanna G , Umamaheswari A , Preethy P Raj
Published: December 2022

Marine seaweeds are nature’s largesse resource in human well-being. Seaweed’s contribution to the food industry is being widened for its rich source of essential vitamins, minerals, and PUFA. ‘Nori’ is a dried sheet of red seaweed Porphyra sp. used to make ‘sushi’ a renowned cuisine in Japan, and other Southeast Asian countries. In this present study, commercial-grade ‘Nori’ was extracted and fractionated with different solvents, and subjected to evaluate the cytotoxic activity on human ovarian tetracarcinoma cells (PA1). As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction was found effective in inhibiting the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells with an IC50 value of 41.1 µg/mL. The main component responsible for anticancer activity was determined as a sesquiterpene lactone Tatridin B (3h-cyclodeca[b]furan-2-one, 4,9-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3,10-dimethylene-). Moreover, it was found effective in inhibiting NSD2, an important and recently proposed biomarker for several types of cancer. This is a hitherto report on the presence of this compound in ‘Nori’ showing potent anticancer activity on human ovarian tetracarcinoma (PA1).
Morphological and functional features of the endometrium in patients before and after ovary-sparing surgery for benign ovarian tumors
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Solomatina A.A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No 31, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mikhaleva L.M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No 31, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tyumentseva M.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   City Clinical Hospital No 31, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bratchikova O.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   City Clinical Hospital No 31, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khamzin I.Z. ,   City Clinical Hospital No 31, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tumasyan E.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gashimova A.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ismayilova P.D. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Benign ovarian tumors (BOT) have a significant impact on fertility and are associated with infertility, which, in turn, relates to endometrial receptivity and depends on the ovarian status, forming the so-called endometriopathy. Objective. To study the morphological and functional features of the endometrium in patients of reproductive age before and after ovary-sparing surgery for BOT according to 2D and 3D ultrasounds. Patients and methods. The study included 145 patients who underwent surgery for BOT. Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 75 patients with diminished ovarian reserve (OR), group 2 included 70 patients with normal OR. Diminished OR was defined as serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level <1.1 ng/mL. Pelvic ultrasound (US) was performed in the mid-secretory phase before and 6–12 months after surgery. We measured endometrial thickness, endometrial pattern, visualization of basal and spiral arteries by 2D ultrasound, volume and volumetric blood flow in the endometrial and subendometrial regions by 3D ultrasound. Results. The analysis revealed endometrial dysfunction in patients with diminished OR before and after surgery, however there was a trend towards improvement in all the examined parameters after 12 months. In patients with normal OR before surgery, endometrial parameters did not differ from the population, but more persistent abnormalities were noted in the postoperative period. Conclusion. The 3D ultrasound technique provides an objective assessment of morphological and functional features of the endometrium and allows to identify markers of endometrial dysfunction. Key words: benign ovarian tumors, volumetric blood flow, ovarian reserve, 3D ultrasound, endometrium
Possibilities of pathogenetic therapy for acute gastroenteritis in children
Authors:   Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ermolenko K.D.
Published: December 2022

Acute gastroenteritis remains one of the relevant health problems causing great economic and social burden both in our country and worldwide. The leading pathogenetic syndromes in gastroenteritis are dehydration, a violation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiocenosis, a violation of barrier properties of the intestinal mucosa, and a dysfunction of the apical enzymes of enterocytes. This article presents the main approaches to choosing optimal tactics of pathogenetic therapy, assessing the severity of gastroenteritis dehydration and demonstrates the role of probiotics in therapeutic tactics and the criteria for selecting strains. It was shown that the use of hypo-osmolar solutions in the treatment of dehydration syndrome in children is most appropriate. Complex pathogenetic therapy of gastroenteritis in children should be aimed at correcting the syndromes of dehydration and destabilization of the microbiocenosis system, accelerating the function restoration in apical enzymes of enterocytes, as well as optimizing the protective properties of the mucin layer of the intestinal mucosa. The most reasonable in the treatment of dehydration syndrome in children is the use of hypo-osmolar solutions. Simultaneously with rehydration, enterosorbents and dietary foods may be used to improve the effectiveness of treatment. Probiotic therapy should begin as early as possible and include internationally recommended probiotic strains, among which Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG is one of the most studied and safe and can be successfully used both to relieve the symptoms of gastroenteritis and to prevent their complications. Key words: acute gastroenteritis, dehydration, probiotics, diarrhea, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG
Pet-keeping in Russia. Risk of developing allergies to animals
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Kudryavtseva A.V. ,   I.I.Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sukhovjova O.G. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Vorobyeva M.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Velikoretskaya M.D. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Geppe N.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

The number of people with animal allergies is constantly increasing, while there is still insufficient research information on the prevalence of epidermal allergies in Russia. Objective. To study the characteristics of pet-keeping in Russia and the risk of developing pet sensitization. A web-based questionnaire (https://docs.google.com/) was created in 2021. It consisted of 23 questions about pet-keeping. We received 311 completed surveys from different regions of Russia. Eighty-four percent of the families interviewed had pets, including cats (69%), dogs (43.7%), birds (5.4%), fish (3.4%), and rodents (1.5%). Children were in contact with animals since birth in 66.6% of cases. Families more often had to give up cats (in 69.6% of cases) than dogs (in 27.4% of cases) (p < 0,05). Animal allergy was the main reason for not having a pet at home (39.8%). In 43% of cases, an adult family member happened to be pet allergic rather than a child family member. It was an allergic reaction to cats (83%), dogs (43%), horses (11.3%) and less commonly to mice, rats, and rabbits. Respondents mostly linked their allergies with pet hair, less often to saliva and urine (p < 0,05); in about 30% of cases, the allergen source remained unknown. Allergy symptoms were the most common way of diagnosing animal allergy, followed by IgE blood test and skin prick test (42.7%, 17.5% and 10.2%, respectively). In about 40% of cases, it was recommended to remove the pet from the home. Conclusions. Pet ownership is very common in Russian households with cats being the most popular pet. Animal allergy is announced as the main reason for removing the pet from the home. Pet hair is the first allergen source. Antihistamines, barrier agents (aqua maris ectoin), and nasal steroids are usually used in therapy. Key words: animal allergy, pet-keeping
Incobotulinum toxin A in pediatric coloproctology. First application experience in Russia
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Pimenova E.S. ,   G.N.Speransky City Children’s Hospital No 9, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Korolev G.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Romanova O.E. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Grushitskaya E.V. ,   G.N.Speransky City Children’s Hospital No 9, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zharkov E.E. ,   A.N.Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fomenko O.Yu. ,   A.N.Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Morozov D.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   G.N.Speransky City Children’s Hospital No 9, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

In the last decade, botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has been used in children with colorectal diseases. There are no published papers on the topic in Russia. Objective. To investigate BTA effectiveness in children with different colorectal problems. Patients and methods. 9 patients from 1.7 to 14 years old (median age 3.5 years) were treated with the new method in the Speransky Children's Hospital (Moscow, Russia). The indications for treatment were various complaints (constipation, fecal pseudo-incontinence, painful defecation, obstructive defecation), anal hypertonia (spasm). We treated children in whom conservative therapy was ineffective. Incobotulinumtoxin A was administered under general anesthesia at a dose of 3–6 U/kg at 4 points along the circumference of the anal canal. Results. The effect of therapy was obtained in 7 out of 9 patients (77.8%). A good and excellent result was recorded in 4 patients (44.4%), mild – in 3 (33.3). There was no effect in two children with genetic pathology and Hirschsprung's disease with colostomy (22.2%). Conclusion. Circumferential chemodenervation with incobotulinumtoxin A of anal sphincters is an effective and safe method of treating children with defecation disorders resistant to routine conservative therapy, but further research is needed to develop patient selection, dose calculation and create guidelines injection technique and its frequency. Key words: dyssynergic defecation, painful defecation, hirschsprung, achalasia, incobotulinumtoxin A, children
Diagnostic value of pleural C-reactive protein levels in assessing severity of pediatric parapneumonic effusions
Authors: Elnashar Shaimaa R. , Fouda Eman Mahmoud , Kamel Terez Boshra , Shokry Wessam Sherin , Ahmed Ramy Mohamed Mahmoud , Ali Heba Allah Ahmed
Published: December 2022

The immediate determination of complicated parapneumonic effusion is featured by instant remedial advantages. Consequently, we attempted to evaluate whether C-reactive protein (CRP) in pleural fluid can ameliorate the identification of cases with parapneumonic effusions that eventually require intervention. Patients and methods. A case-control study enrolled 43 patients with parapneumonic effusions from the inpatient ward and emergency room of Ain Shams Pediatric University Hospital, Egypt. Twenty of those patients had complicated effusions (complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion, CPPE), and 23 had uncomplicated parapneumonic pleural effusions (UCPPE). The differentiation characteristics of pleural fluid biochemical parameters as well as pleural CRP were estimated. Pleural fluid parameters were applied to classify cases of CPPE or UCPPE. ROC analysis established CRP setting to distinguish between both groups. Results. Pleural CRP was significantly higher in CPPE and empyema (48.97 mg/L) than in UCPPE (7.75 mg/L). The optimal cut-off point between CPPE and UCPPE in relation to pleural CRP was found to be 12.26 mg/L with a sensitivity of 95.00%, specificity of 95.65%, and AUC of 94.8%. Conclusion. Pleural fluid CRP can indeed be a beneficial spare test in pleural effusions and contribute to the differential diagnosis of CPPE and UCPPE. Key words: parapneumonic effusion, empyema, pleural CRP, pediatrics
Discontinuation of TNF-alpha inhibitors following remission in juvenile idiopathic arthritis without systemic manifestations
Authors:   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsulukiya I.T. , Alexeeva E.I. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   Association of Pediatric Rheumatologists, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dvoryakovskaya T.M. ,   National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Moscow, Russian Federation,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation,   Association of Pediatric Rheumatologists, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common and disabling rheumatic diseases in children. Pharmaceutical therapy for JIA can prevent the progression of the disease, achieve long-term remission, and significantly improve the quality of life in most patients. In cases where the initial therapy for JIA is not effective enough, it is recommended to escalate it, and vice versa, when remission is achieved, the de-escalation of therapy may be discussed. The latter is necessary due to the high risk of developing infectious complications and certain oncological diseases against the background of continuous biological treatment of JIA, as well as the negative impact of regular injections and/or infusions of medications on the quality of life, the interruption of educational process, the psychological burden of “lifelong” treatment with medications, and the economic burden on families and healthcare system. Currently, optimal regimens for the discontinuation of biopharmaceuticals, including TNFalpha inhibitors, remain a matter of debate. In this regard, the search for potential predictors of JIA exacerbation after withdrawal of biopharmaceuticals is relevant. Key words: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, biologic-free remission of JIA, tumor necrosis factor, inhibitors, etanercept, adalimumab, withdrawal, exacerbation, predictors
Current issues of prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants receiving different types of feeding
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pyrieva E.A. , Timoshina M.I. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the relevant aspects of prevention of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in children of the first year of life. The preventive role of psychological support for families and breastfeeding in the early stages after the child’s birth is emphasized. The issues of formula feeding, the influence of the composition of infant formulas on the intestinal microbiota and its functional activity, which relates to the development of FGID, are discussed separately. The features of the composition of goat milk formulas are considered in the aspect of its effect on the gastrointestinal function in infants. Key words: infants, breastfeeding, formula feeding, microbiota, goat milk formula
Alternative anticonvulsants in neonatology
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Perfilyev V.Yu. , Miroshnichenko A.G. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Zhelev V.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Devald E.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

The approaches to pharmacotherapy of neonatal seizures are always empirical and vary across the globe. There is still no consensus on this issue because of the highly variable efficacy of anticonvulsants traditionally used in newborns. Currently, none of these drugs has sufficient evidence to make an unambiguous conclusion on their efficacy and safety. Therefore, the search for new anticonvulsants for newborns is highly relevant. This review aims to summarize existing literature surrounding anticonvulsants that can potentially be used in newborns. It discusses advantages and disadvantages, as well as their utility in neonatal care. It also summarizes the latest information on neonatal seizures and outlines future directions of research to create new therapeutic strategies for neonatal seizures. Key words: anticonvulsant, treatment, neonatal seizures, newborns, anticonvulsant therapy, anticonvulsants, seizures
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Bangunan Kamar Mandi di Pesantren
Authors: Van Bee Jeffa Lianto , Susanti Elly , Sujarwo Imam
Published: December 2022

Layaknya dalam kebudayaan bangunan-bangunan seperti rumah adat, saung, masjid, dan sebagainya banyak etnomatematika yang diterapkan oleh masyarakat dan tanpa disadari bahwa budaya tersebut merupakan konsep dasar dari matematika. Termasuk salah satunya pada struktur bangunan kamar mandi di pesantren Nurul Ummah. Kegiatan santri tentunya tidak lepas dengan mencuci baju sendiri bahkan membersihkan badan (bersuci) dimana semua itu tidak boleh terlepas dari kaidah-kaidah yang sudah diajarkan dalam Agama Islam (fiqih). Keadaan tersebut menuntut pembangunan kamar mandi di pesantren haruslah dengan jumlah yang banyak dikarenakan jumlah santri di pesantren yang rata-rata juga berjumlah besar dan pasokan air yang harus memadai dan sesuai dengan hukum untuk bersuci.
Rendahnya Literasi Remaja di Indonesia: Masalah dan Solusi
Authors: Rahmadanita Annisa
Published: December 2022

The ease of access to social media owned by teenagers is considered to be able to make teenagers spend most of their time without clear goals. On the other hand, youth are part of a digital community that participates in the progress of their country. This phenomenon is the background of this study. The goal of this research was to find a solution to the youth's low literacy rate. The method of this study is a literature review. The research findings show that in order to realize literate youth, collaboration and commitment from three important elements are needed, namely family, government, and society. The conclusion from this study is that the solution to low adolescent literacy is to realize literate youth through efforts to build high motivation for individual youth to think, read, and write, which can be built through the role of family elements. The next element is that the government, as a regulator, can play a role in issuing policies that support Indonesian families to improve literacy. The author considers that the various benefits received by adolescents through social media should be accompanied by restrictions on access to their use. Limiting access to social media can be outlined in a clear government policy. The next element is the community, which can play a role in educating and raising awareness regarding climate change and strengthening literacy for young people in Indonesia through a healthy internet campaign for young people. Communities can also build youth literacy communities and obtain assistance from the government, both at the central government and local government levels.
STUDI KOMPARATIF KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL MENGGUNAKAN ASPAL MODIFIKASI AS PEN 60/70 DENGAN PENAMBAHAN 1,5% STYROFOAM TERHADAP CAMPURAN AC-WC
Authors: Marbun Richo Fransiskus , Sarwono Djoko , Sumarsono Agus
Published: December 2022

Styrofoam kini semakin banyak digunakan untuk berbagai keperluan, seperti pengaman elektronik dan wadah makanan. Banyaknya tumpukan styrofoam dikarenakan styrofoam merupakan limbah yang sangat sulit terurai di alam. Banyaknya tumpukan styrofoam dikarenakan styrofoam merupakan limbah yang sangat sulit terurai di alam. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengurangi limbah styrofoam di alam, seperti penggunaan styrofoam sebagai bahan tambah dalam campuran aspal Pen 60/70 yang menghasilkan aspal modifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan styrofoam terhadap nilai pemeriksaan aspal dan nilai karakteristik Marshall. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Perkerasan Jalan Raya, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Kadar styrofoam yang digunakan 1,5% dari berat aspal, kemudian dibandingkan dengan aspal penetrasi 60/70. Variasi kadar aspal yang dipakai adalah 4,5%, 5,0%, 5,5%, 6,0% dan 6,5%. Benda uji yang digunakan berjumlah masing-masing 3 buah dari setiap variasi kadar aspal. Pengujian menggunakan alat uji pemeriksaan aspal dan alat uji Marshall test. Data hasil uji digunakan untuk mendapatkan nilai perbandingan antara aspal penetrasi 60/70 dengan aspal modifikasi.
TINJAUAN DURABILITAS PENAMBAHAN KADAR 1,5% STYROFOAM PADA ASPAL PENETRASI 60/70 TERHADAP ASPHALT CONCRETE-WEARING COURSE (AC-WC)
Authors: Kinanti Arrum , Sarwono Djoko , Setyawan Ary
Published: December 2022

<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Garamond',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Jalan merupakan prasarana transportasi darat yang sangat penting dan sangat dibutuhkan untuk menunjang kehidupan manusia. Oleh karena itu, konstruksi perkerasan jalan yang dibangun harus baik dari segi kualitas. Ada banyak upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas perkerasan jalan, contohnya adalah dengan memodifikasi campuran aspal menggunakan bahan tambah. Bahan tambah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah styrofoam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keawetan (durable) dari campuran AC-WC dengan penambahan kadar 1,5% styrofoam dari berat aspal. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode perendaman dalam air pada suhu ±60°C dengan variasi waktu perendaman 30 menit, 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam dan 96 jam. Setelah perendaman, dilakukan pengujian Marshall dan analisis durabilitas. Parameter durabilitas yang digunakan adalah Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS), Indeks Durabilitas Pertama (IDP) dan Indeks Durabilitas Kedua (IDK). Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan analisis durabilitas mendapatkan nilai IKS perendaman 24 jam sebesar 98,92%, nilai tersebut memenuhi syarat minimum yaitu 90% yang artinya campuran AC-WC dengan penambahan kadar 1,5% Styrofoam ini awet (durable) terhadap kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh pengaruh air dan suhu
KAJIAN KUAT TARIK TIDAK LANGSUNG	DAN KUAT TEKAN BEBAS PADA CAMPURAN AC-WC DENGAN ASPAL MODIFIKASI (ASPAL PENETRASI 60/70 DENGAN SUBTITUSI 1,5 % STYROFOAM)
Authors: Sarwono Djoko , Djumari Djumari , Pradibyo Rangga Dwi
Published: December 2022

Jalan adalah jalur jalur di atas permukaan bumi yang dengan sengaja dibuat oleh manusia untuk dapat digunakan untuk menyalurkan lalulintas orang, hewan, dan kendaraan dengan cepat dan mudah. Seiring berjalannya waktu pembangunan jalan raya semakin berkembang dan membutuhkan material penyusun jalan yang lebih banyak. Maka dari itu menyebabkan berkurangnya material alam. Styrofoam merupakan bahan yang bisa ditambahkan dalam campuran lapisan permukaan perkerasan lentur, karena styrfoafaoam merupakan salah satu bahan termoplastik.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan pengujian kuat tarik tidak langsung dan kuat tekan bebas di Laboratorium Jalan Raya Universitas Sebelas Maret, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Aspal modifikasi dicampurkan dengan 1,5% styrofoam. Kadar aspal yang digunakan 4,5%, 5%, 5,54%, 6%, 6,5% untuk aspal tanpa campuran styrofoam dan 5%, 5,5%, 6%, 6,5%, dan 7% untuk aspal modifikasi. Alat uji yang digunakan merupakan alat uji Marshal yang dimodifikasi kepala penekannya dan alat uji UTM. Hasil penelitian dengan pengujian kuat tarik tidak langsung pada aspal modifikasi styrofoam mendapatkan hasil pada kadar aspal 5%, 5,5%, 6,0%, 6,5%, dan 7%  secara berturut-turut 524,05 Kpa, 600,35 Kpa, 689,44 Kpa, 589,52 Kpa, dan 515,44 Kpa. dimana hasil puncak didapatkan pada kadar aspal 6% yang berarti campuran aspal modifikasi styrofoam dapat bekerja maksimum menahan tarik dilapangan sebesar 689,44 Mpa. hasil kuata tekan bebas pada aspal modifikasi styrofoam menunjukan besar nilai pada kadar aspal 5%, 5,5%, 6,0%, 6,5%, dan 7%  secara berturut-turut 4.96 Mpa, 5,19 Mpa, 5,45 Mpa, 5,17 Mpa, dan 4,96 Mpa. Hasil puncak yang didapatkan pada kadar aspal 6% dengan demikian kinerja campuran dapat bekerja secara maksimum menhan dilapangan  sebesar 5,45 Mpa.Hasil penelitian dengan pengujian kuat tarik tidak langsung pada aspal penetrasi 60/70 mendapatkan hasil pada kadar aspal 4,5%, 5%, 5,5%, 6,0%, dan 6,5% secara berturut-turut 498,49 Kpa, 524,05 Kpa, 596,64 Kpa, 543,36 Kpa, dan 513,4 Kpa. dimana hasil puncak didapatkan pada kadar aspal 5,54% yang berarti campuran aspal penetrasi 60/70 dapat bekerja maksimum menahan tarik dilapangan sebesar 596,64 Mpa. hasil kuata tekan bebas pada aspal penetrasi 60/70 menunjukan besar nilai pada kadar aspal 4,5%, 5%, 5,5%, 6,0%, dan 6,5% secara berturut-turut 5,03 Mpa, 5,10 Mpa, 5,21 Mpa, 5,08 Mpa, dan 4,97 Mpa. Hasil puncak yang didapatkan pada kadar aspal 5,54% dengan demikian kinerja campuran dapat bekerja secara maksimum menhan dilapangan  sebesar 5,21 Mpa.
KAJIAN KUAT TARIK BELAH PADA BETON BUBUK REAKTIF MUTU TINGGI DENGAN SILICA FUME 15% DAN VARIASI KOMPOSISI PASIR KUARSA
Authors: Wibowo WIbowo , Santosa Bambang , Muslim Muhammad Naufal
Published: December 2022

Pembangunan infrastruktur akan terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk. Beton sebagai bahan konstruksi yang umum digunakan dituntut memiliki kualitas yang tinggi, oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini kami melakukan pengujian terhadap beton bubuk reaktif dengan silica fume 15% sebagai substitusi parsial semen dan variasi komposisi pasir kuarsa sebesar 0%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, dan 40%. Beton bubuk reaktif menghilangkan agregat kasar dalam campurannya dan menggantikannya dengan agregat halus sehingga mampu meningkatkan homogenitas campuran beton dan menghasilkan beton mutu tinggi. Penelitian terhadap nilai kuat tarik belah menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan total benda uji 21 buah. Benda uji untuk mendapatkan nilai kuat tarik belah berbentuk silinder, tinggi 30 cm, diameter 15 cm, yang telah mencapai umur 28 hari, dan diuji menggunakan mesin CTM (compression testing machine). Hasil pengujian kuat tarik belah dengan variasi pasir kuarsa 0%; 15%; 20%; 25%; 30%; 35%; dan 40%, memiliki nilai berturut-turut sebesar 33,91 MPa; 4,34 MPa; 4,45 MPa; 4,81 MPa; 5,07 MPa; 4,93 MPa; dan 4,69 MPa.
Analisis Emisi GRK dengan metode LCA pada Pekerjaan Konstruksi Jembatan Simpang Susun Rangkasbitung
Authors: Kurnia W. Alif , Handayani Fajar Sri , Setyawan Ary
Published: December 2022

Struktur jembatan sering digunakan dalam simpang susun, simpang susun sendiri adalah struktur penting yang digunakan untuk keluar masuk kendaraan di jalan bebas hambatan. Namun masih sangat sedikit orang yang peduli terhadap dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan dari suatu pekerjaan konstruksi. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi unit proses yang berpotensi menghasilkan GRK, menemukan unit proses dengan emisi GRK tertinggi, serta mencari metode alternatif yang bisa digunakan untuk mengurangi emisi GRK yang dikeluarkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan Life Cycle Assesment (LCA). Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 sumber data, yaitu data primer yang merupakan hasil dari penelitian dilapangan, serta data sekunder yang didapatkan dari PT. PP serta database Ecoinvent. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 38 unit proses yang berpotensi menghasilkan GRK dalam pembangunan jembatan simpang susun Rangkasbitung dengan total emisi GRK yang dihasilkan adalah sebanyak  234.946,3 KgCO2e, dengan unit proses dengan emisi GRK tertinggi adalah produksi semen, dengan emisi GRK yang dihasilkan yaitu sebanyak 95552,33 KgCO2e (40,66%). Metode 2 yang menggunakan metode cor ditempat menghasilkan emisi GRK sebesar  202633,73 KgCO2e yang mana  13,75% lebih sedikit dari pada emisi GRK yang dihasilkan menggunakan metode 1 (precast)
ANALISIS VALUE ENGINEERING (VE) DENGAN PENGGANTIAN BAHAN ADDITIVE CAMPURAN SEMEN PADA STRUKTUR BETON (STUDI KASUS : GEDUNG GRAHA BAKTI BUDAYA PROYEK REVITALISASI PKJ TIM TAHAP II)
Authors: Wulandari Arindiyah , Handayani Fajar Sri , Rifai Muji
Published: December 2022

Pembangunan infrasruktur tidak terlepas dari perencanaan anggara biaya. Biaya merupakan elemen utama dan krusial dalam setiap proyek konstruksi, sehingga diperlukan ketelitian dalam perencanaannya agar dapat dilakukan penghematan biaya tanpa mengurangi kualitas pekerjaan. Penghematan biaya dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan Value Engineering (VE) pada pekerjaan yang memiliki nilai besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus pada Gedung Graha Bakti Budaya (GBB) Proyek Revitalisasi PKJ TIM Tahap II. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode VE untuk mengurangi biaya konstruksi dan LCA untuk mengurangi emisi GRK yang dihasilkan. Data yang digunakan terdiri dari Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB), Shop Drawing (gambar kerja), spesifikasi teknis pekerjaan, Outline Specification (OS), daftar harga satuan pekerjaan, dan peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku. Setelah dilakukan analisis menggunakan metode VE pada penelitian ini, menunjukkan perubahan dimensi yang dilakukan pada struktur kolom tipe K1 dan K3 menggunakan alternatif 1 (metakaolin) dengan campuran additive sebagai alternatif paling efektif secara biaya, dimana pada alternatif ini dapat menghemat biaya sebesar 21,80% atau senilai Rp671.902.339,02 dari struktur existing.
Analisis Tarif Dan Load Factor Bus Batik Solo Trans Koridor 3 Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Azzahra Ivonne Fresha , Yulianto Budi , Musthofiah H. M. Amirotul
Published: December 2022

Dua tahun sudah Indonesia dihadapkan dengan pandemi COVID-19, banyak perubahan tatanan kehidupan di sektor transportasi dan ekonomi. Moda transportasi dianggap sebagai sarana pergerakan manusia yang  berpotensi cukup besar dalam penyebaran COVID-19. Hal tersebut mempengaruhi pola pikir masyarakat yang lebih memilih kendaraan pribadi daripada kendaraan umum. Perubahan ekonomi yang terjadi berpengaruh pada pendapatan masyarakat serta harga komponen biaya operasional kendaraan umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui desain tarif bus BST koridor 3 berdasarkan ATP, WTP dan BOK. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan metode slovin. Data diperoleh dari survei wawancara kepada penumpang dan PT. BST. Analisis ATP dilakukan berdasarkan pendapatan, alokasi biaya transportasi dan frekuensi perjalanan dalam 1 bulan. Sedangkan analisis WTP berdasarkan kemauan membayar masyarakat terhadap pelayanan bus BST saat ini. Berdasarkan analisis data dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa hasil ATP umum lebih besar dari pada WTP umum. Nilai ATP umum yaitu sebesar Rp4.372,93 dan nilai WTP umum yaitu sebesar Rp3.625,34. Sedangkan untuk nilai ATP mahasiswa/pelajar yaitu sebesar Rp1.809,29 lebih kecil dari pada nilai WTP mahasiswa/pelajar yaitu sebesar Rp2.482,14. Untuk nilai tarif BOK berdasarkan metode Departemen Perhubungan 2002 didapatkan sebesar Rp10.573,60/penumpang/rit dengan load factor sebesar 117,80%.  
Analisis Kinerja Simpang Bersinyal Pada Simpang Empat Tugu Wisnu dan Simpang Empat Girimulyo Kota Surakarta Dengan Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak PTV Vistro
Authors: Thahir Afief Burhany , Yulianto Budi , Setiono Setiono
Published: December 2022

Jalan Ahmad Yani merupakan salah satu jalan di Kota Surakarta dengan arus volume lalu lintas kendaraan yang relatif padat. Ruas Jalan Ahmad Yani menjadi salah satu ruas jalan yang menerima arah pergerakan dari ruas Jalan Adi Sucipto, Jalan Slamet Riyadi, serta ruas Jalan Kolonel Sutarto dengan bangkitan dan tarikan arus lalu lintas yang tinggi. Salah satu titik kemacetan pada ruas Jalan Ahmad Yani adalah Simpang Empat Tugu Wisnu serta Simpang Empat Girimulyo. Dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut, diperlukan analisis kinerja simpang bersinyal pada Simpang Empat Tugu Wisnu dan Simpang Empat Girimulyo. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melakukan analisis kinerja simpang bersinyal Simpang Empat Tugu Wisnu dan Simpang Empat Girimulyo berdasarkan perangkat lunak PTV Vistro dengan metode HCM 2010, serta melakukan pemodelan dan perbandingan dengan skenario kondisi eksisting dan skenario optimasi berdasarkan parameter tundaan (delay) dan derajat kejenuhan (degree of saturation). Hasil analisis menunjukkan kinerja simpang bersinyal dengan perangkat lunak PTV Vistro mengalami peningkatan kinerja pada skenario optimasi bila dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting berdasarkan parameter tundaan (delay) dan derajat kejenuhan (degree of saturation). Perbandingan hasil analisis antara skenario kondisi eksisting dan skenario optimasi menghasilkan nilai terbaik pada kondisi skenario optimasi tunggal dengan fungsi Minimize Critical Movement Delay (Split and Cycle Time) bila dilihat pada parameter tundaan dan derajat kejenuhan.

 
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAINS (PVD) MENGGUNAKAN SIGMA/W GEOSTUDIO DENGAN MATERIAL TANAH LUNAK MODEL LINEAR ELASTIC
Authors: Borsalino Pupung , Setiawan Bambang , Chrismaningwang Galuh
Published: December 2022

Jurnal berisikan analasisis perbandingan antara hasil analisis penggunaan Prefabricted Vertical Drains (PVD) di tanah lunak menggunakan metode konvensional Hansbo (1979) dan hasil pemodelan dengan Sigma W GeoStudio dengan model tanah lunak menggunakan linear elastic. Kondisi yang dianalisis kondisi tanah lunak dengan beban timbunan di atasnya tanpa adanya perbaikan, kondisi kedua dengan PVD tanpa memperhitungkan efek smear zone, dan dengan PVD dengan memperhitungkan efek smear zone.  Hasil analisis berupa grafik hubungan besaran penurunan dengan waktu yang diperlukan. Hasil dengan pemodelan software memiliki variasi deformasi pada tanah akibat beban yang bekerja, dengan pola waktu yang diperlukan untuk mencapai derajat konsolidasi (U) 90%. Pola waktu yang diperoleh dari ketiga kondisi dan deformasi yang dihasilkan dapat dilakukan perbandingan kedua analisis.
Avaliação das condições ambientais dos elementos de uma paisagem rural utilizando o software livre Google Earth Pro
Authors: Rodrigues Gilberto Aparecido , Bovério Maria Aparecida , Galatti Kátia Cristina
Published: December 2022

A identificação das vulnerabilidades em uma bacia hidrográfica, em grande parte, é resultado de interferências antrópicas no espaço rural e urbano. A sensibilidade e o bom senso em ação conjunta dos diferentes agentes da sociedade podem minimizar os impactos negativos numa bacia por uma ação planejada. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as vulnerabilidades ambientais da região mais alta da bacia hidrográfica de Taquaritinga, SP, Brasil. A metodologia da pesquisa foi a observação de imagens de satélite com uso do software livre Google Earth Pro, através de fotocomparação de imagens numa área amostral de 3581 ha, divididas em quatro quadrantes. Os resultados mostraram que a área apresenta como pontos positivos a presença de palha sobre o solo e curvas de nível como medidas de conservação. Contudo, merece uma atenção especial das autoridades para dispor adequadamente os resíduos sólidos urbanos, assim como o desenvolvimento de projetos de restabelecimento de flora nativa associadas à construção de mais bacias de contenção, ao longo das vias de acesso aos produtores rurais, o que pode contribuir em longo prazo para melhorar a vazão dos recursos hídricos da bacia.
Palavras-chave: Bacia Hidrográfica; Impacto Ambiental; Vulnerabilidade Ambiental.
DETERMINATION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A MAGNETIC LIQUID IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD BASED ON AN ELECTROMAGNETIC CONVERTER
Authors: Pyrozhenko Ye. , Sebko V. , Zdorenko V. , Babenko V. , Zabiiaka N.
Published: December 2022

A non-contact three-parameter electromagnetic method for measuring magnetic susceptibility κ, electrical conductivity χ, and temperature t of a ferrofluid sample is proposed. Theoretical principles of the operation of the inductive parametric electromagnetic transducer (IPET) with a sample of ferro-fluid are considered. As a result of studies of the universal functions of transformation of the IPET with a sample of the ferro-fluid, the theoretical provisions of the work of the IPET were further developed, which are related to the possibility of estimating the static parameters of the magnetic fluid.  Because record of the effect of eddy currents leads to the need to determine three parameters of magnetic fluids with only one IPET, the necessity of using an inductive IPET switching circuit with a ferro-fluid sample, which provides for compensation of interfering external inductance L1 using a compensating capacitance P567 to improve the accuracy of measurements of the physical and chemical parameters of magnetic fluids, has been proved. The operation of the circuit is based on the fact that the eddy EMF excites a magnetic flux in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, which is added geometrically with the excited magnetic flux from an external source, creating the resulting magnetic flux Ф2t  in the sample of the magnetic fluid under study, while the resulting magnetic flux decreases in magnitude and shifts by the phase angle in relation to the excited magnetic flux, all this leads to a change in the components of the signals of the IPET, that is: inductance Lit and resistance Ω2t, which are associated with the physicochemical parameters κ, χ and t of the magnetic fluid sample.
In further studies, in order to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment of a mini-brewery, it is recommended to use a magnetic fluid in complex cleaning methods that involve the use of magnetic fluids in filters for post-treatment of wastewater from food production of acidic and alkaline composition.
Contrasting roles of measurement knowledge systems in confounding or creating sustainable change
Authors: Fisher William P.
Published: December 2022

Sustainable change initiatives are often short-circuited by failures in modelling. Unexamined assumptions about measurement and numbers push modelling into the background as a presupposition rarely articulated as an explicit operation. Even when models of system dynamics are planned components of a sustainable change effort, the key role of measurement is typically overlooked. The crux of the matter concerns the distinction between numeric counts and measured quantities. Mistaking the former for the latter confuses levels of complexity and fundamentally compromises communications. Reconceiving measurement as modelling multilevel distributed decision processes offers new alternatives aligned with historically successful efforts in creating sustainable change. Five conditions for successful sustainable change are contrasted from the perspectives of single-level vs multilevel modelling: vision, plans, skills, resources, and incentives. Omitting any one of these from efforts at creating change result, respectively, in confusion, treadmills, anxiety, frustration, and resistance. The shortcomings of typically implemented single-level approaches to measurement result in the widespread experience of these negative consequences. Results show that new potentials for creating sustainable change can be expected to follow from implementations of multilevel distributed decision processes that effectively counteract organizational amnesia by embedding new learning in an externally materialized knowledge infrastructure incorporating a shared cultural memory.