bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L'Armentera: repressió política a un poble de l'Alt Empordà. El cas d'en Joan Blanch Puig
Authors: Pagès i Blanch Pelai
Published: November 2024

L’article se centra en la repressió franquista, en la immediata postguerra, que va tenir lloc a l’Armentera, un poble de l’Alt Empordà, on durant la guerra no es va produir  cap víctima mortal. La qual cosa fou una de les característiques més emblemàtiques d’aquesta població. A desgrat de tot, acabada la guerra, foren empresonats, jutjats i condemnats en consell de guerra les persones que havien jugat un paper important durant el conflicte bèl·lic, especialment Joan Blanch Puig, que havia estat president del sindicat de pagesos i secretari del Consell d’Administració i confiscació de béns. Condemnat a 20 anys de presó, de seguida es va posar en funcionament un procés perquè se li commutés la pena, en el que hi varen intervenir diverses personalitats locals, membres de la Falange Española. A desgrat de tot, la commutació va arribar molt tard i no fou fins a començaments de gener de 1943, que en Joan Blanch va poder sortir de la presó.
La compleja evolución intelectual de Camillo Berneri (1897-1937)
Authors: Stiffoni Giovanni
Published: November 2024

Camillo Berneri es considerado un importante referente del movimiento libertario, dado que consagró su vida militante al anarquismo y se convirtió en un mártir de la revolución ácrata en España. Sin embargo, y a su vez, Camillo Berneri deviene una figura muy original dentro del movimiento anarquista, teniendo en cuenta que sus posiciones políticas y filosóficas suscitaron serios debates en el seno del movimiento. Con el fin de entender las características de su pensamiento intelectual y de esclarecer estas problemáticas, en este artículo se analiza su formación intelectual.
El refugi antiaeri de Torre Balldovina (Santa Coloma de Gramenet). Un cas de museografia social
Authors: Sospedra-Roca Rafael , Jardón Giner Paula , Jaume Martín Franc
Published: November 2024

Els refugis antiaeris constitueixen una part rellevant del patrimoni de la Guerra Civil a Catalunya. Tanmateix, el nombre de refugis visitables és escàs, i els que presenten opcions de museïtzació encara són menys. El refugi de Torre Balldovina, a Santa Coloma de Gramenet, inaugurat el 2023, és un dels pocs que presenta una museïtzació de darrera generació. Es tracta d'un refugi de galeria de dimensions reduïdes en el qual es fa difícil inserir museografia, i fins i tot presenta una circulació complexa per raó de l'estretor dels passadissos. Aquests problemes són extensibles a la major part dels refugis de galeria del país. La importància del model de museografia aplicat a Torre Balldovina rau, precisament, en el fet que proposa una museografia atractiva i que s'insereix en la denominada «museografia social» caracteritzada per una inequívoca voluntat didàctica i per utilitzar elements i tecnologies sostenibles, de cost raonables i vinculades al territori. En el cas de Torre Balldovina la intel·ligent utilització dels elements audiovisuals i escenogràfics defineixen un nou tipus de model amb possibilitats de reaplicació en el patrimoni vinculat a la guerra aèria.
Locus amoenus, locus terribilis. El campamento de prisioneros del Prado de la Zarza (Guadalajara), 1938-1939
Authors: Ruiz Casero Luis Antonio , González Ruibal Alfredo , Marín Suárez Carlos , González Trejo Alejandro , Bucchioni Marianna , Rodríguez Simón Pedro , Alcántara Díez Eduardo , Ayán Vila Xurxo , Martínez Barrio Candela , Rono Guijarro Diana , Roberto Bartuli Giulio , Valentín-Gamazo Pintado Lucia , Giannini Agnese
Published: November 2024

Se presenta a continuación una síntesis de los resultados de la intervención arqueológica e investigación en fuentes primarias del campo de prisioneros de Prado de la Zarza (Cortes de Tajuña, Alcolea del Pinar, Guadalajara). Este lugar de represión fue habilitado en 1938 como campamento de uno de los Batallones de Trabajadores instaurados por el ejército franquista, y se mantendría en funcionamiento hasta la primavera de 1939. El trabajo, continuación de un proyecto general sobre la materialidad del entramado concentracionario en la provincia de Guadalajara, buscaba esclarecer los datos acerca de las condiciones de vida de los presos; la distribución, morfología y usos de las distintas estructuras que conformaron el campamento; así como tratar de establecer relaciones con otros casos similares ya estudiados y posibles rasgos generales de este tipo de espacios.
Projecte d'intervenció arqueològica al niu per fusell metrallador de l'Aldea (Tarragona)
Authors: Cabezas Sánchez Adrián
Published: November 2024

Després de la troballa al 2021 d’un niu per fusell metrallador a la vora del riu Ebre per part de l’Ajuntament de l’Aldea, l’agost de 2023 vam portar a terme la seva intervenció arqueològica, recuperant d’aquesta manera aquest singular vestigi de la Guerra Civil.
Las nuevas guerras cántabras: italianos en Santander. La Guerra Civil en el Frente Norte y el cine de propaganda
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: November 2024

Este artículo analiza las claves de las operaciones militares en el Frente Norte desde 1936 hasta la conquista de Asturias por las tropas sublevadas del general Franco, con la caída de Gijón (21 de octubre de 1937); y la importancia que va a cobrar el cine de propaganda para el bando nacional como arma de guerra. El estudio aborda, por lo tanto, el contexto histórico y los aspectos esenciales de una serie de documentales y reportajes seleccionados del bando sublevado —españoles e italianos—, donde se pone de relieve su intento de constituir un imaginario triunfal de lo que había sido su victoriosa campaña en el Frente Norte (tras el fracaso de la toma de Madrid); un desvelo competitivo por demostrar quién había logrado más honores y logros en el campo de batalla (entre italianos y nacionales) y la configuración de una propaganda que denigraba al bando republicano, como consecución de la toma de Santander.
Making Public History of the Spanish Civil War: A Theoretical-Didactic Approach to the Case of the Air-Raid Shelters of Barcelona
Authors: Besolí Andrés
Published: November 2024

The public history of difficult pasts and their material legacies poses some dilemmas and challenges in terms of conceptualisation, methodology, practice and even ethics. Specifically, the didactic mediation of knowledge and memory of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) in public settings is the overarching subject of this article. To this end, the case study of the air-raid shelters of the city of Barcelona is discussed in light of different perspectives and academic traditions in the didactics of history. Finally, some conclusions are drawn on the social dissemination strategies and resources used to enhance the social visibility and didacticism of this underground heritage in the service of public history and collective memory.
Bernard Abramofsky: la ejecución de un Lincoln. “La Guerra es una cosa insana y la gente no siempre, pero generalmente, hace locuras”
Authors: López Borgoñoz Alfonso
Published: November 2024

Bernard Abramofsky fue un brigadista neoyorquino, nacido en una familia judía obrera e izquierdista. Vinculado a organizaciones comunistas, le apasionaba ser actor y la música popular. Con otros amigos como Harry Malefsky y Ernie Arion formó un grupo juvenil de música y vaudeville aficionado. Estuvo en el ejército destinado 3 años en Filipinas, volviendo en 1936. En febrero de 1937 viajó como voluntario a España con amigos, actores y músicos conocidos suyos. En España volvió a organizar un grupo musical, que tocaba en cada pueblo. El problema llegó cuando en Brunete murió su amigo Arion y poco después Malefsky. Entonces desertó. Con los brigadistas Wallach y Rotter huyó a Valencia y Barcelona, y los pillaron, siendo devueltos al frente, Bernard volvió a desertar varias veces… Finalmente lo enviaron con su compañía, donde fue uno de los pocos estadounidenses ejecutados por sus compañeros (como lo fue Wallach), tras una decisión extrajudicial del mando de su batallón.
Oriol Riart. Un historiador singular
Authors: Hernàndez-Cardona Francesc Xavier
Published: November 2024

Fa poc que a les llibreries ha arribat el llibre d’Oriol Riart: Érem feres. Diaris personals de combatents a la Guerra Civil, publicat per Pagès Editors. Es tracta d’un treball molt interessant confegit partint de fragments de relats de diaris de combatents de la Guerra Civil espanyola. No es tracta de “memòries”, reelaborades amb posterioritat, maquillades pel pas del temps o distorsionades per la incerta memòria. En aquest cas són fonts primàries fresques directes. En els diaris s’evidencien, de manera clara i contundent, les més diverses impressions i experiències del dia a dia, i de manera no mediatitzada per la subjectivitat que fa el pas del temps pel que fa a la percepció del passat.
La figura de la costurera en la literatura popular argentina de la primera mitad del siglo XX: un ejemplo de regulación femenina
Authors: Caldo Paula , Pulido Aldana
Published: November 2024

En la cultura argentina de la primera mitad del siglo XX circularon una serie de relatos breves de ficción que apuntaron a regular la moral y la conducta de las mujeres de los sectores populares poniendo el foco en un tipo de mujer en particular: la costurera. En el presente artículo, nos posicionamos desde la historia cultural con perspectiva de género para revisar cinco de esos relatos y preguntarnos cómo un saber-hacer que la cultura occidental asoció con las mujeres, al comenzar a producirse en el espacio público y para el mercado, se sitúa en un límite de respetabilidad que pone a sus practicantes femeninas en el ojo de las regulaciones sociales.
Misoginia interiorizada: abejas reinas posmodernas en la reescritura de seis cuentos de hadas de Belén Gaudes, Lucía Etxebarria y Ángela Vallvey
Authors: Vigna Gaetano Antonio
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio de la figura de las misóginas en seis reescrituras de Blancanieves y Cenicienta publicadas entre los años 2013 y 2018. Para ello, estructuramos nuestra contribución de la siguiente manera: en primer lugar, realizamos, brevemente, un acercamiento al cuento maravilloso tradicional y a su reescritura posmoderna; en segundo lugar, vinculamos el obrar de las misóginas con la política coercitiva del patriarcado; en tercer lugar, aportamos el análisis; y, en cuarto lugar, ofrecemos las conclusiones. En los relatos analizados, las misóginas se enfrentan a aquellas mujeres que perciben como una amenaza para el mantenimiento del statu quo masculino. Se trata de victimarias que, colocadas en las altas esferas, luchan para preservar el irrisorio espacio de poder que el varón les concedió. A lo largo del estudio, las características de estas misóginas aparecen definidas de acuerdo con el estudio de Berit Brogaard, texto donde la filósofa danesa explora los sentimientos de odio y desprecio en su relación con los mitos culturales sobre la feminidad.
Body Unbound: Poetry of Illness, Gender, and Disability in torrin a. greathouse’s Wound from the Mouth of a Wound (2020)
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Téllez Shadia
Published: November 2024

La primera colección de poesía de torrin a. greathouse, Wound from the Mouth of a Wound (2020), articula el oscuro lenguaje del dolor, trauma y sufrimiento que emana de la carne. Su poesía del cuerpo herido indaga sobre los sesgos capacitistas y de género implícitos en los discursos médicos, sociales y culturales y su impacto en su identidadcomo mujer trans con discapacidad y afecciones crónicas. El análisis de una selección de sus poemas desvela una minuciosa deconstrucción de los dualismos macho/hembra, capacidad/discapacidad, salud/enfermedad y normal/anormal que gobiernan su mundo. Esta poeta libera un cuerpo cuyo género y capacidad se esconden tras el esencialismo biomédico dominante, los términos diagnósticos y los tratamientos imprecisos, reflexionando sobre la análoga medicalización de la discapacidad, enfermedad, transgenerismo y trauma. greathouse ver-sifica su reconciliación con un cuerpo oprimido por los discursos que consideran los cuer-pos trans y con discapacidades en términos de deficiencia e imperfección.
Photonic matrix multiplier makes a direction-finding sensor
Authors: Zelaya Kevin , Miri Mohammad-Ali
Published: November 2024

We introduce a photonic integrated circuit solution for the direction-of-arrival estimation in the optical frequency band. The proposed circuit is built on discrete sampling of the phasefront of an incident optical beam and its analog processing in a photonic matrix-vector multiplier that maps the angle of arrival into the intensity profile at the output ports. We derive conditions for perfect direction-of-arrival sensing for a discrete set of incident angles and its continuous interpolation and discuss the angular resolution and field-of-view of the proposed device in terms of the number of input and output ports of the matrix multiplier. We show that while, in general, a non-unitary matrix operation is required for perfect direction finding, under certain conditions, it can be approximated with a unitary operation that simplifies the device complexity while coming at the cost of reducing the field of view. The proposed device will enable real-time direction-finding sensing through its ultra-compact design and minimal digital signal processing requirements.
Diamond guide star laser pulsed at a Larmor frequency
Authors: Sun Yuxiang , Yang Xuezong , Li Muye , Zeng Xin , Jiang Huawei , Feng Yan
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate a diamond sodium guide star laser pulsed at a Larmor repetition rate of 350 kHz. The single-frequency 589 nm laser reaches an average output power of 32.6 W with 75.6 W pump power in a duty cycle of 19%. Significant improvement in the intensity fluctuations is observed in the conversion from the pump to the frequency-doubled laser. Temporal behaviors and instant photon conversion of laser fields are also investigated in the experiment. This laser system offers a promising approach to address the need for a high-performance sodium guide star laser source, which is crucial for the advancement of applications in terrestrial astronomy and space-situational awareness.
One-dimensional temperature measurement of supersonic jet flow by resonantly ionized photoemission thermometry of molecular nitrogen
Authors: Clark Aleksander , McCord Walker , Pride Kyle , Zhang Zhili
Published: November 2024

As the field of fluid dynamics progresses, the demand for sophisticated diagnostic methods to accurately assess flow conditions rises. In this work, resonantly ionized photoemission thermometry (RIPT) has been used to directly target and ionize diatomic nitrogen (N2) to measure one-dimensional (1D) temperature profiles in a supersonic jet flow. This technique can be considered non-intrusive as the premise uses resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) to target molecular nitrogen. This resonance excites N2 into absorption bands of the P, Q, and R rotational branches of N2 (b1Π
u
). The ideal (3 + 1) REMPI scheme excites from the ground state and ionizes N2 (b1Π
u
←X1Σ
g
+) where de-excitation results in photoemission from the first negative band of ionized N2+(B2Σu+→X2Σ
g
+) as nitrogen returns to the ground state. The resulting emission can be observed using an intensified camera, thus permitting inference of the rotational temperature of ground-state molecular nitrogen. A linearly regressive Boltzmann distribution is applied based on previous calibration data for this technique to quantify the temperature along the ionized line. This work applies this technique to a pure N2 supersonic jet in cross-flow and counter-flow orientations to demonstrate N2 RIPT’s applications in a supersonic flow. Temperature variations are observed at different locations downstream of the exit in cross-flow, and axisymmetric in counter-flow, to generate profiles characterizing the flow dynamics. Due to the collisional effects resulting from the number density of N2 at higher pressures, a (3 + 2) REMPI scheme is observed throughout this text.
El puzle de la memoria en España y en Alemania: miradas retrospectivas a la infancia en escritos autobiográficos o autoficcionales
Authors: Martín Martín Juan Manuel
Published: November 2024

La rememoración de las experiencias vividas en la infancia o adolescencia durante épocas convulsas como la Guerra Civil española o el Tercer Reich requiere de un notable esfuerzo. Para los autores no resultaba fácil encontrar el momento apropiado para hacerlo no solo por sus circunstancias personales, sino también por el contexto que los rodeaba. Tanto en España como en Alemania se sucedieron a partir de 1939 y de 1945, respectivamente, etapas sucesivas en las que divergía la manera de contemplar el pasado. Tras repasar algunos conceptos básicos, así como los marcos cambiantes en cada uno de los dos países, este artículo analiza las memorias infantiles y juveniles principalmente de Fernando Fernán-Gómez, Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Tere Medina-Navascués y Ruth Klüger, relacionándolas con las de otros autores de su época que también han escrito obras autobiográficas o autoficcionales. Más allá de las muchas diferencias, también se pueden encontrar analogías entre ellos no solo en lo que cuentan, sino en su necesidad de que transcurrieran muchas décadas hasta que se decidieron a asentar por escrito lo vivido.
A Review on Covid-19 Detection Using Artificial Intelligence from Chest CT Scan Slices
Authors: Mali Dhanshri M. , Patil S. A.
Published: November 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19, a contagious respiratory disease, has had a significant impact on people worldwide. To prevent its spread, there is an urgent need for an easily accessible, fast, and cost-effective diagnostic solution. According to studies, COVID-19 is frequently accompanied by coughing. Therefore, the identification and classification of cough sounds can be a promising method for rapidly and efficiently diagnosing the disease. The COVID-19 epidemic has resulted in a worldwide health crisis, and stopping the disease's spread depends on a quick and precise disease diagnosis. COVID-19 has been detected using medical imaging modalities such as chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans due to their non-invasive nature and accessibility. This research provides an in-depth examination of deep learning-based strategies for recognising COVID-19 in medical images. The benefits and drawbacks of various deep learning approaches and their applications in COVID-19 detection are discussed. The study also examines publicly available datasets and benchmarks for evaluating deep learning model performance. Furthermore, the limitations and future research prospects for using deep learning in COVID-19 detection are discussed. This survey's goal is to offer a comprehensive overview of the current state of advancement in deep learning-based COVID-19 detection using medical images. This can aid researchers and healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate approaches for an effective diagnosis of the disease.
Miniaturisation of the Daphnia magna immobilisation assay for the reliable testing of low volume samples
Authors: Küster Eberhard , Addo George Gyan , Aulhorn Silke , Kühnel Dana
Published: November 2024

International standard test guidelines for the ecotoxicological characterisation of various substances use organisms such as algae, daphnids and fish embryos. These guidelines recommend or use relatively high volumes of water for the process of testing, for example, 200 mL for a complete dose–response relationship in a daphnia assay. However, for various samples such as concentrated extracts from environmental monitoring or leachates from microplastic ageing experiments, the amount of available sample volume is limited, that is, rather in the range of 10–50 mL/biotest. Using the exposure volumes as recommended in test guidelines would not allow to test a range of different concentrations or to repeat tests or use multiple different organismic bioassays. Lower media volumes would allow the testing of more samples (more concentrations per sample, more test repetitions for statistical robustness, etc.) but it may also decrease the possible number of organisms tested in the same volume. Here, we aimed at reducing the test volumes in the acute daphnia assay (using a maximum of 30 mL for a complete dose–response relationship) without impacting animals’ sensitivity towards toxicants. A literature review on existing miniaturisation approaches was used as a starting point. Subsequently, assays employing conventional as well as reduced test volumes were compared for 16 selected test substances with a diverse spectrum of lipophilicity. Results showed that there are differences in EC50 between the two approaches, but that these differences were overall only within a range of a factor of two to three. Further, by retrieving EC50 values for the genus Daphnia and 16 test substances from the United States Environmental Protection Agency database, we demonstrated that our results are well in line with the general differences in sensitivities.
The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support and Social Support on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment
Authors: Aliddin Laode Asfahyadin , Syaifuddin Dedy Takdir , Montundu Yusuf , Marlina Siti
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research is to assess and elucidate the impact of perceived organizational support and social support on employee performance, with organizational commitment serving as a mediating factor. The study involved 543 employees from the Regional Secretariat Office of Southeast Sulawesi Province. A sample of 84 employees was selected using a proportional cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. For statistical analysis, SmartPLS 4.0 software was employed to model structural equations. The findings reveal that perceived organizational support, social support, and organizational commitment all influence employee performance. Specifically, perceived organizational support does not significantly affect organizational commitment, whereas social support has a significant impact on it. Organizational commitment does not mediate the relationship between perceived organizational support and employee performance; however, it does mediate the relationship between social support and employee performance. The Regional Secretariat Office of Southeast Sulawesi Province and related stakeholders can utilize these findings to enhance employee performance by focusing on employee commitment, perceived organizational support, and social support.
ERRATUM
Authors: Editors Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Published: November 2024

Erratum to: Ayusma AN, Widiastuti A, Arwiyanto T. 2024. Potency of Eucalyptus Oil and Citronella Oil in Suppressing Virulence Factors of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia. 20(4):195–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.20.4.195–203.
In this published version of the article, there are no Acknowledgements. A changes have been made in the latest version, adding the Acknowledgements “The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA) in the Philippines for providing the financial support that made this research possible. This study was conducted with funding from SEARCA, whose commitment to advancing agricultural research in Southeast Asia has been invaluable”. The correction has been made on the website and in the PDF version of the article.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Education in the Czech Republic: Students’ Perception of Hybrid Clinical Education and Psychosocial Impacts, a Retrospective Study
Authors: Vavřičková Lenka , Schmidt Jan , Slezák Radovan , Čermáková Eva , Micopulos Christos , Malíková Bára , Kapitán Martin
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted educational methods worldwide, particularly in dental and general medicine education. This study retrospectively analyzes students’ perceptions of hybrid theoretical and practical teaching in the Dentistry program during the pandemic at three medical faculties of Charles University in the Czech Republic. A total of 418 students were surveyed regarding their views on hybrid education, concerns about COVID-19, and the pandemic’s psychosocial and academic effects. The study revealed notable differences based on faculty location, gender, year of study, language of instruction, and the phase of study affected. Students from smaller faculties (Hradec Kralove and Pilsen) preferred online education and did not report a significant reduction in lectures. Compensatory block teaching post-pandemic was effective but less preferred, especially among women. Men found online communication more challenging than women. Czech-speaking students rated online teaching more effective than those studying in English and compensated for clinical skill gaps by participating in more internships. Future online education methods should address the unique needs of these groups.
A Rare Case of Breast Carcinoma: An Entity Posing Cytological Challenge
Authors: Nagpal Ruchi , Dhingra Harshi , Suragani Nageshwar Rao , Kasturi Kshitija , Baliyan Asif
Published: November 2024

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important and primary screening tool for all breast lumps with high level of sensitivity and specificity. Diagnosing the rare breast carcinoma on FNAC is very challenging on account of various mimickers of the same. We hereby describe a rare case of breast carcinoma diagnosed on FNAC in a 34-year-old female confirmed on histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Preoperative diagnosis of apocrine carcinoma on FNAC and later confirmation on histopathology along with IHC study gives better insight to the cytopathologist and helps in better management protocol of the patient.
Optimization of nitrogen split application in sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata)
Authors: Yasasri Landa , Majumder Sitabhra , Shankar Tanmoy , Paul Sujay Kumar , Ray Sumit
Published: November 2024

Effective nitrogen management is essential for improving crop development and yield, especially in the cultivation of sweet corn. Conventional basal nitrogen application often leads to nitrogen loss through volatilization and denitrification. To address this issue, split nitrogen application has emerged as a promising strategy to improve nitrogen use efficiency while minimizing losses. In the summer of 2022, this experiment was carried out at the Post Graduate Research Farm of M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Paralakhemundi, Gajapati, Odisha, India to examine the effects of several nitrogen split application treatments on the growth and productivity of sweet corn. The experiment utilized a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 10 treatments replicated thrice. Treatments included combinations of nitrogen application timings and amounts, ranging from the basal application to split applications at knee-high and tasseling stages. Results demonstrated that the treatment involving 25 % basal nitrogen, 50 % nitrogen at knee high stage and 25 % nitrogen at tasseling stage significantly maximized growth, yield and income compared to other treatments. Consequently, sweet corn cultivators in southern Odisha seeking to attain maximal development and yield should implement this nitrogen split application strategy. This study underscores the importance of tailored nitrogen management strategies in enhancing crop performance and economic returns in sweet corn cultivation.
Plazas, Social Class, and Spatial Inequality at Ancient Teotihuacan, Mexico - Dataset
Authors: Norwood Alexandra L. , Sherfield Anne , Smith Michael E.
Published: November 2024

We explore two approaches to social inequality — social class and spatial inequality — in relation to the distribution of neighbourhood plazas at ancient Teotihuacan, a large premodern urban centre in the basin of Mexico. We use the digitized map from the Teotihuacan Mapping Project to identify publicly accessible plazas and three-temple complexes across the city, and we measure spatial access to these facilities for elite and non-elite residents. Our findings are twofold. First, Teotihuacan had a large amount of assembly space, and all Teotihuacanos have good access to it, irrespective of class. This finding is consistent with a collective model of Teotihuacan government. Second, there is significant inequality in spatial access to service facilities between elites and non-elites, with elites living closer to facilities. This pattern of accessibility suggests both relatively high quality of life for the residents of Teotihuacan as well as the maintenance of hierarchical inequality within the city.

Alexandra L. Norwood, Anne Sherfield, and Michael E. Smith, 'Plazas, Social Class, and Spatial Inequality at Ancient Teotihuacan, Mexico', Journal of Urban Archaeology, 10 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2024), 35–54
Clinical applications of circulating tumor cell detection: challenges and strategies
Authors: Ma Chunhui , Li Yang , Zhu Hai , Li Zhiyong , Liu Yi
Published: November 2024

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are pivotal in the distant metastasis of tumors, serving as one of the primary materials for liquid biopsy. They hold significant clinical importance in assessing prognosis, predicting efficacy, evaluating therapeutic outcomes, and studying recurrence, metastasis, and resistance mechanisms in cancer patients. Nevertheless, the rareness and heterogeneity of CTC and the complexity of metastasis make the clinical application of CTC detection confront many challenges, which may need to be settled by some practical strategies. This article will review the content mentioned above.
Pre-analytical stability of haematinics, lactate dehydrogenase and phosphate in whole blood at room temperature up to 24 h, and refrigerated serum stability of lactate dehydrogenase, folate and vitamin B12 up to 72 h using the CRESS checklist
Authors: Williams Robert , Jankute Monika , Ifrahim Rizwan , Cordle Jane , Hepburn Sophie
Published: November 2024

Objectives

There is a lack of analyte stability data in whole blood (WB). The aim of this study was to determine the allowable delay in WB processing for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), folate, vitamin B12, iron and phosphate measurement. The stability of LDH, folate and vitamin B12 was also assessed in stored serum at clinically relevant time points.

Methods

Blood was taken from n=10 volunteers into Sarstedt serum gel tubes. We assessed stability in WB at room temperature up to 24 h, and stability in refrigerated serum up to 72 h. Mean percentage deviation at each time point was compared to criteria for minimum allowable bias.

Results

Results produced from one individual were removed due to discordant results, leaving n=9 specimens at each time point. Stability of folate and phosphate was variable in WB across 24 h, but was deemed to be clinically acceptable. LDH was unstable in WB, iron was stable for at least 12 h, and vitamin B12 and ferritin were acceptable for up to 24 h. Serum LDH, folate and vitamin B12 all demonstrated acceptable stability in refrigerated serum stored for up to 72 h.

Conclusions

Blood should ideally be centrifuged within 7 h for phosphate, LDH and folate, and 12 h for iron. However, for phosphate, folate and iron, there is likely to be little clinical impact if serum separation is delayed up to 24 h. Further research is needed to assess LDH stability in WB at 0–12 h, but changes are minimal at 12 h. All other analytes assessed showed acceptable stability across the time-points tested.
Understanding CFL Learners’ Perceptions of ChatGPT for L2 Chinese Learning: A Technology Acceptance Perspective
Authors: Sun Jialing , Wang Yanyan
Published: November 2024

While ChatGPT has received increasing attention in the age of artificial intelligence, little effort has been made to investigate Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners’ acceptance of ChatGPT use for Chinese learning. This mixed-method study aims to unpack CFL learners’ intentions and perceptions of leveraging ChatGPT for learning purposes by integrating the technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory. To this end, quantitative data were collected from 120 CFL learners by using questionnaires tapping into perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, behavioral intention, facilitating conditions, and growth mindset, and analyzed by partial least squares structural equation modeling. Quantitative data were supplemented by qualitative data in the form of learners’ responses to an open-ended question. Quantitative results indicated that perceived usefulness, growth mindset, and facilitating conditions were significant antecedents of learners’ intention to use ChatGPT, while perceived ease of use was not. The qualitative findings revealed students’ varied perspectives on integrating ChatGPT into the Chinese learning process. The study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of CFL learners’ behavioral intention to use ChatGPT and provides context-specific and nuanced insights into CFL learners’ perceptions of ChatGPT-assisted language learning.
Ich fühle, dass ich nichts fühle: Eine Gefühlspolitik für den Weltzustand Technik
Authors: Müller Christopher J.
Published: November 2024

This article tracks the wider politics of emotion that run through the work of Günther Anders. It conceptualises the emergence of “anaesthetic violence”, a feel-good, or even unsensed form of power that configures around user-friendly devices. Anders’ mapping of the sense of inferiority, obsolescence and humiliating dependency our devices can invoke in us is gaining scholarly traction, but his work also exposes anaesthetic structures of feeling that merit further consideration. To open this perspective, the first part develops the quasi-Socratic formula “I feel that I feel nothing” through a detailed reading of the politics of emotion in Anders’ work. This provides the pretext for an outlook on the anaesthetic dimension of human-machine interaction in the context of digital technologies.
Ikonomanie, apriorische Bedingungsformen, Psychotechnik
Authors: Bösel Bernd
Published: November 2024

In his 1956 essay “Die Welt als Phantom und Matrize”, Günther Anders provided a thorough interpretation of radio and television. Far from just being a time-specific document of early electronic mass media, it still continues to provide insights into how human experience is changed through each new technical medium. This will be illustrated via three critical concepts proposed by Anders. He coined the term “iconomania” to conceptualise the ongoing medial shift from a writing-based to a primarily visual culture. “A priori conditional forms” is Anders’ way of getting a grasp on the structural influence of mass production and mass media on human perception and behaviour. The term “psychotechnics” was originally introduced by Anders’ father, William Stern, for early forms of applied psychology. Anders adopted it in a critical fashion in his warnings of an all-encompassing power of reshaping psychical functions that proves especially fruitful when applied to contemporary design principles. Finally, Anders’ media theory will be briefly compared to Shane Denson’s recent work on “discorrelation” between human perception and digital images.
Origin of Late Cretaceous A-type granitoids in South China: Response to the rollback and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific plate
Authors: Tian Meng-Yu , Di Yong-Jun , Yang Ming-Jian
Published: November 2024

The Late Cretaceous granitic rocks are widely distributed in South China; however, the precise geodynamic mechanism remains controversial. To solve this question, we conducted whole-rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry, zircon U–Pb ages, and Lu–Hf isotopic data analyses of the Maqigang beschtauite, which is exposed in southeastern Guangxi. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry zircon U–Pb dating revealed the beschtauite emplacement at 83–85 Ma, representing Late Cretaceous magmatic activity. The rocks belong to the high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonite series and displayed metaluminous to weakly peraluminous affinity, with an A/CNK ratio ranging from 0.89 to 1.02. Whole-rock geochemical analyses showed that all rocks were enriched in Rb, Th, U, and K but depleted in Nb, Ta, Ti, Ba, and Sr. They were also rich in light rare earth elements with weakly negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.61–0.77). The beschtauite showed typical A-type granitoid affinities, with rich silica (mean: 64.95 wt%), alkali (Na2O + K2O, mean: 7.55 wt%), and high field strength elements (Zr + Nb + Ce + Y = 427.40–599.60 ppm) contents, high FeOT/MgO (mean: 3.27) and 104Ga/Al (mean: 2.75) ratios, and low Ba, Sr, Ti, and Eu contents. Mineral chemical analysis demonstrated that phenocrytic plagioclase was mainly andesite with an oscillating zone. Zircon Hf isotopic results showed zircon ε
Hf(t) values ranging from −10.8 to −0.9 and TDM2 model age range from 1.2 to 1.8 Ga. These results indicate that the beschtauite was generated by the partial melting of ancient crustal materials via the underplating of mantle-derived magma. Based on these regional geological data, the Maqigang pluton was formed in an extensional back-arc setting associated with the continued rollback and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction zone.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Pupalia lappacea L. (Juss) and their antimicrobial application
Authors: Jarso Tura Safawo , Kahsay Mebrahtu Hagos , Balami Solomon , Sandeep B. V. , Hemalatha K. P. J.
Published: November 2024

This work reports green synthesis of AgNPs using aqueous extract of Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy supported with energy dispersive X-ray, and transmission electron microscopy. UV–vis spectroscopy reveals a characteristic surface plasmon resonance absorption band at 420 nm. TEM results showed synthesis of spherical shaped AgNPs with an average particle size of 14.48 nm. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited excellent inhibition zones against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (26.33 ± 0.88 mm), Bacillus Coagulans (12.33 ± 0.33 mm); and Gram-negative bacteria Sphingomonas (24.33 ± 0.67 mm), Shigella dysenteriae (24.33 ± 0.67 mm) and Salmonella typhimurium (12.67 ± 0.33 mm). Therefore, Pupalia lappacea mediated AgNPs can be used for clinical and medical applications.
The German Inflation Trauma: Weimar’s Policy Lessons Between Persistence and Reconstruction
Authors: Barkhausen David , Teupe Sebastian
Published: November 2024

The notion of a nation-specific inflation trauma among the German population is ubiquitous in the public debate in Germany and beyond. According to a widespread reading of history because of its experience with hyperinflation in 1923, the Germans not only fear rising prices but favor a stability-oriented monetary and fiscal policy. The historical origins of this contemporary understanding of the German inflation trauma are controversial. The majority of the literature presumes that a specific traumatic disposition persists since 1923, and as communicative memory has been transposed intergenerationally (persistence thesis). Others, however, point to a post-hoc reconstruction of past experiences, explaining it as a distinctly cultural memory that is largely detached from the first-hand experiences of 1923 (reconstruction thesis). By drawing on both methods of history and political sciences, we provide new insights on the question of origin. Specifically, we examine the remembrance of hyperinflation in personal memoirs and German Bundestag debates. Doing so, we find plausible support for the logic of reconstruction. We show that individual memories of hyperinflation were ambiguous and hardly ever provided explanations or specific policy lessons. Thus, personal memoirs do not provide any manifest testament for a communicative memory of the German inflation as understood by the persistence thesis. Furthermore, Bundestag speeches in the first decades of the Federal Republic indicate a contested communicative memory of 1923 with conflicting political lessons drawn from the historical experience. As only the Weimar memory transcended into the cultural realm from the 1980s onwards, a process of discursive alignment occurred resulting in the contemporary understanding of the inflation trauma. These findings rebut the persistence thesis and underscore the logic of reconstruction.
Expressing negative opinions through metaphor and simile in popular music reviews
Authors: Trojszczak Marcin
Published: November 2024

The present paper aims to investigate the role played by figurative language, in particular metaphor and simile, in expressing negative opinions in reviews of popular music albums. In order to explore this phenomenon at the intersection of cognitive linguistics, discourse analysis, and pragmatics, it makes use of language data gathered from selected critical reviews of music albums from a reputed English-speaking music website Pitchfork.com. More specifically, the paper analyses selected instances of negatively-laden metaphors and similes so as to demonstrate how they are used to portray key objects of criticism such as music album as a whole, artists and their careers, music genre and its production, songs in the album, and their lyrics. Moreover, it analyses figurative imagery used to express negative opinions about these objects of criticism by pointing out the prominent role of personification and objectification.
A bibliometric analysis of Prader-Willi syndrome from 2002 to 2022
Authors: Yang Cai-Xia , Jiang Xiu-Yun , Li Xiao-Hong
Published: November 2024

Background

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare disorder that was initially documented by Prader and Willi in 1956. Despite significant advancements in the understanding of PWS over recent decades, no bibliometric studies have been reported on this field. We aimed to analyze and explore the research trends and hotspots of PWS using a bibliometric analysis to understand the future development of basic and clinical research.

Methods

The literature regarding PWS was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) database. Data were extracted from the articles or review articles, and analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software.

Results

A total of 1,895 related studies have been published in 64 countries or regions. The United States has published the most articles, followed by the United Kingdom, Italy, Netherlands, and France. University of Florida (The United States), University of Kansas (The United States), University of Alberta (Canada), University of Cambridge (the United Kingdom), and Dutch Growth Research Foundation (Netherlands) were the top five most productive institutions. Butler, Merlin G. and his colleagues have made the most outstanding contributions in the field of PWS research. Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that genomic imprinting, uniparental disomy, obesity, hyperphagia, hypothalamus, growth hormone treatment, and ghrelin appeared with the higher frequency. Furthermore, oxytocin, magel2, and management were the latest bursts keywords.

Conclusion

Our findings indicated that genetic mechanism, diagnose, and emerging therapies will be the hotspots and frontiers in PWS research.
Effects of different production methods and hybridization on mechanical characteristics of basalt, flax, and jute fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Kumlu Umut , Karacor Berkay , Ozcanli Mustafa
Published: November 2024

The advanced material properties and high quality of composite products are largely dependent on the production methods. In the current search, it was examined how the mechanical properties of flax, jute, and basalt fiber-reinforced composites were affected by three different production methods and hybridization processes. The materials were produced by hand lay-up, vacuum bagging, and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding methods. While the physical and mechanical properties of specimens were determined by hardness, tensile, and water absorption tests, the fiber behavior of the composites was investigated by micrograph analysis. Tensile test data gave better results for homogeneous samples by 1.4–16.4 % for the samples produced with the use of vacuum-assisted resin transfer technique in comparison to the samples manufactured by the vacuum bagging technique, and by 7.3–22.5 % in comparison to the samples fabricated by the hand lay-up technique. Compared to the other two methods, 7.3–35.3 % better tensile strength results were obtained when using the VARTM technique in hybrid samples. Moreover, the hardness value measurement of the samples also supports the tensile strength data. However, the water absorption analysis results display that samples produced by hand lay-up absorb less water than samples produced by the other two production methods.
Impact behavior of natural material-based sandwich composites
Authors: Önal Tuğberk , Temiz Şemsettin
Published: November 2024

Sandwich structures may be exposed to different impact loads depending on their areas of use. In this study, low-speed impact tests were implemented on balsa core sandwich composite materials and impact behaviors were examined. Balsa woods of 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm in thickness were used as core elements. Eight- and 12-layered glass fiber-reinforced composite materials with different orientation arrangements were used for the sandwich structures’ top and bottom surfaces. The fiber orientation angles of the glass fiber materials were determined as [0°]2s and [0°/90°]s. The balsa core sandwich composite materials were produced using the vacuum infusion method. The prepared samples were tested at impact energy of 15, 30, 45, and 60 J. At the end of these tests, the effects of impact energy, core thickness, increase in number of outer surface layers, and change in orientation angle on contact force, displacement, and absorbed energy values were analyzed. The outer surfaces of the damaged samples and the damage patterns that occurred in the balsa wood were examined after the tests.
Do cultural and biological variation correspond in the Middle Nile Valley Neolithic? Some insights from dental morphology
Authors: Irish Joel D. , Kabaciński Jacek
Published: November 2024

Broad cultural similarities are apparent between Neolithic sites across the Middle Nile Valley, yet local variation may also be witnessed. The dearth of well-preserved skeletal assemblages in this region means that biological connections between populations, and thus potential modes for the transmission of material culture, are not well understood. Here, the authors compare dental morphological traits in five Neolithic cemeteries (c. 5600–3800 BC) and 14 time-successive sites to explore biological relatedness along the Middle Nile Valley. Their findings parallel the artefactual evidence, suggesting that the spread of the Nubian Neolithic may have been as nuanced as the populations who practised it.