bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide comparative analyses of GATA transcription factors among 19 Arabidopsis ecotype genomes: Intraspecific characteristics of GATA transcription factors
Authors: Kim Mangi , Xi Hong , Park Jongsun
Published: May 2021

GATA transcription factors (TFs) are widespread eukaryotic regulators whose DNA-binding domain is a class IV zinc finger motif (CX2CX17-20CX2C) followed by a basic region. Due to the low cost of genome sequencing, multiple strains of specific species have been sequenced: e.g., number of plant genomes in the Plant Genome Database (http://www.plantgenome.info/) is 2,174 originated from 713 plant species. Thus, we investigated GATA TFs of 19 Arabidopsis thaliana genome-widely to understand intraspecific features of Arabidopsis GATA TFs with the pipeline of GATA database (http://gata.genefamily.info/). Numbers of GATA genes and GATA TFs of each A. thaliana genome range from 29 to 30 and from 39 to 42, respectively. Four cases of different pattern of alternative splicing forms of GATA genes among 19 A. thaliana genomes are identified. 22 of 2,195 amino acids (1.002%) from the alignment of GATA domain amino acid sequences display variations across 19 ecotype genomes. In addition, maximally four different amino acid sequences per each GATA domain identified in this study indicate that these position-specific amino acid variations may invoke intraspecific functional variations. Among 15 functionally characterized GATA genes, only five GATA genes display variations of amino acids across ecotypes of A. thaliana, implying variations of their biological roles across natural isolates of A. thaliana. PCA results from 28 characteristics of GATA genes display the four groups, same to those defined by the number of GATA genes. Topologies of bootstrapped phylogenetic trees of Arabidopsis chloroplasts and common GATA genes are mostly incongruent. Moreover, no relationship between geographical distribution and their phylogenetic relationships was found. Our results present that intraspecific variations of GATA TFs in A. thaliana are conserved and evolutionarily neutral along with 19 ecotypes, which is congruent to the fact that GATA TFs are one of the main regulators for controlling essential mechanisms, such as seed germination and hypocotyl elongation.
Versatile artificial mer operons in Escherichia coli towards whole cell biosensing and adsorption of mercury
Authors: Zhang Nai-xing , Guo Yan , Li Hui , Yang Xue-Qin , Gao Chao-xian , Hui Chang-ye
Published: May 2021

Mercury exists naturally and mainly as a man-made pollutant in the environment, where it exerts adverse effects on local ecosystems and living organisms. It is important to develop an appropriate synthetic biological device that recognizes, detects and removes the bioavailable fraction of environmental mercury. Both single-signal and double-signal output mercury biosensors were assembled using a natural mer operon as a template. Selectivity and sensitivity of whole-cell biosensors based on artificial mer operons were determined. Three whole-cell biosensors were highly stable at very high concentrations of mercuric chloride, and could detect bioavailable Hg(II) in the concentration range of 6.25–200 μM HgCl2. A novel Hg(II) bioadsorption coupled with biosensing artificial mer operon was assembled. This would allow Hg(II)-induced Hg(II) binding protein cell surface display and green fluorescence emission to be achieved simultaneously while retaining the linear relationship between fluorescent signal and Hg(II) exposure concentration. The present study provides an innovative way to simultaneously detect, quantify, and remove bioavailable heavy metal ions using an artificially reconstructed heavy metal resistance operon.
Using an arts-based design to explore the experience of Shared Reading: A pilot study
Authors: Lawrence Clare , Rimmer John , Quickfall Aimee
Published: May 2021

This pilot study explores the use of an arts-based design to record the experience of a Shared Reading workshop. There is considerable evidence of the effectiveness of Shared Reading as a support for well-being across a wide range of situations and settings, and studies have suggested that this literature-based intervention may have the potential to support both thinking and feeling. However, describing the personal and emotional responses that provoke the impact of Shared Reading is a challenge. The capture of the discussion occurring during this pilot workshop is made visual using both words and pictures, and this ‘capture’ is then synthesized and an evocation is created using the medium of film. This article discusses the process and the effectiveness of this arts-based approach as evidenced during data collection, in interpretation and again in dissemination, and implications for further use of this methodology are explored.
The creation process of environmentally sustainable enterprises
Authors: dos Santos Joyce , Teixeira Rivanda
Published: May 2021

Objective: To analyze phases that involve the process of creating environmentally sustainable enterprises. Method: Qualitative approach with an exploratory and descriptive purpose. A multi-case study strategy was employed, carried out with five micro-enterprises located in the state of Paraná. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observed under documental analysis. Originality/Relevance: Evidenced by the scarcity of studies investigating how the sustainable environmental entrepreneurial process occurs, the present study can be seen as an initial effort to help fill this gap. Results: The evidence demonstrated that the sustainable environmental entrepreneurial process as a multifaceted phenomenon, admitting different configurations depending on the profile of the individual who undertakes a venture, motivations for business creation, central proposal of the created enterprise and development context. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Proposition of a specific structure in the field of environmental sustainable entrepreneurship that which allows for recursion between the phases and / or the non-coverage of any of them in the creation of an enterprise of this nature. Social contributions: The proposed model can guide new entrepreneurs in the creation of an environmentally sustainable enterprise.
Cognitive flexibility and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of Young Entrepreneurs' Alliance Leaders and the Ibero-American Federation of Young Entrepreneurs
Authors: Aguirre Douglas , Lizote Suzete , Guerra Maria Cristina
Published: May 2021

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between Cognitive Flexibility, with its subscales, and Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy, with its dimensions, of leaders representing young entrepreneurs in the G20 Young Entrepreneurs Alliance and the Ibero-American Federation of Young Entrepreneurs. Methodology: The study has qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as descriptive nature. The analytical and statistical processing were Qualitative Comparative Fuzzy Set Analysis (fsQCA); Correlation and Linear Regression. Results: The results pointed to significant positive correlation in hypotheses H2, H3, and H4, and rejected hypothesis H1, thus concluding that said leaders maintain dexterity in perceiving and generating multiple explanations and alternative solutions to uncertain, difficult, and/or new occurrences (cognitive flexibility), thus positively influencing the belief that their abilities are effective in carrying out courses of action necessary to create a new business or the development of an existing business (entrepreneurial self-efficacy). Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study contributes to the literature by expanding the knowledge about the relationship between cognitive flexibility and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, as well as, the research sample consisting of world leaders and the use of the fsQCA technique. Relevance/Originality: The research deepens the discussion on cognitive flexibility and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of leaders of young entrepreneurs, since how entrepreneurs think and act has become an indispensable issue to support entrepreneurial activities carried out independently or within organizations. Social contributions: The contribution lies in the evidence that there is a significant positive relationship between cognitive flexibility, which is an important problem-solving skill, along with entrepreneurial self-efficacy for understanding the strategies that entrepreneurs share with each other.
Reflexive, Reflexivity, and the Concept of Reflexive Design
Authors: Buchert Margitta
Published: May 2021

Editorial Summary: In her contribution »Reflexive, Reflexivity, and the Concept of Reflexive Design« Margitta Buchert frames the notion of reflexive design and research, pitting the various underlying concepts against one another and forming the framework for reflexive design research. As such, she emphasizes the punctuated distinction of reflection as an integrated component of research and of design and reflexion as alignment and attitude. In this sense she highlights the reciprocal interdependence of theory and practice as well as of the thinking and the making. Buchert introduces reflexive research in an attempt to investigate processes of architectural creation and design as well as their proceedings. »Reflexive Design« forms an open method to allow practices and processes of design and research to intertwine. [Katharina Voigt]
Virtual screening on the web for drug repurposing: a primer
Authors: Chen Yu Wai , Yiu Chin-Pang Bennu , Wong Kwok-Yin
Published: May 2021

We describe a procedure of performing in silico (virtual) screening using a web-based service, the MTiOpenScreen, whichis freely accessible to non-commercial users. We shall use the SARS-CoV-2 main protease as an example. Starting from a structure downloaded from the Protein Data Bank, we discuss how to prepare the coordinates file, taking into account the known biochemical background information of the target protein. The reader will find that this preparation step takes up most of the effort before the target is ready for screening. The steps for uploading the target structure and defining the search volume by critical residues, and the main parameters to use, are outlined. When this protocol is followed, the user will expect to obtain a ranked list of small approved drug compounds docked into the target structure. The results can be readily examined graphically on the web site or downloaded for studying in a local molecular graphics program such as PyMOL.
Metamorfosis editoriales y construcción de un texto clásico: el caso de Formes urbaines: de l’îlot à la barre (1977-1997)
Authors: Chabard Pierre , Ávila-Gómez Andrés , Ruiz Diana Carolina
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo aborda aspectos ligados a la concepción, producción, difusión, y recepción de un texto cuya importancia en la historiografía de la arquitectura y el urbanismo lo han erigido en una obra de referencia imprescindible entre estudiantes y profesionales de estas disciplinas: se trata de Formes urbaines: de l’îlot à la barre. Traducido al español por el arquitecto Santiago Castán, y publicado por primera vez en 1986 bajo el título De la manzana al bloque por la editorial Gustavo Gili, constituye un verdadero manifiesto cuyas preocupaciones de carácter pedagógico reflejan en buena medida aquellas propias del ejercicio de la arquitectura durante el último cuarto del siglo XX. Evitando toda lectura antihistórica, el análisis aquí propuesto se apoya en una serie de aproximaciones y reflexiones para las cuales hemos reconstruido (gracias principalmente a entrevistas realizadas directamente a los protagonistas del relato, y a la consulta de sus archivos) el contexto sociocultural inmediato que hizo posible la realización del estudio inicial que dio origen al libro, en el marco de una reorganización profunda de la enseñanza de la arquitectura y del urbanismo en Francia (tras la disolución en Mayo de 1968 de la sección de Arquitectura de la École des Beaux-Arts).
Komercjalizacja tacierzyństwa. Relacja ojca z dzieckiem na tle działań marketingowych
Authors: Janowicz Kamil , Jasielska Aleksandra
Published: May 2021

The last decades brought us dynamic changes in patterns of fatherhood. It is related both to expectations toward men, and their daily functioning itself. However, the role of a father is less often commercialized than the role of a mother. In line with that, commercials and marketing activities are less often addressed to fathers than to mothers. This paper is addressed to the potential grounds of this state of affairs, and the description of the new phenomenon – dadvertising. The possible manners of profiling marketing activities including fathers as primary recipients will be presented and discussed concerning findings of studies from the field of family psychology, sociology of the family, and a few existing studies aimed at commercials addressed to fathers. The abovementioned issues will be illustrated by examples of single commercials and marketing campaigns, in which protagonists or recipients were fathers.
New Problems of Realism inMartín Rivas
Authors: Álvarez Ignacio
Published: May 2021

This article discusses a central feature in the poetics ofMartín Rivas(1862): its realism. It describes the way in which the particularisation of experience and the breakdown of the old theory of the levels of discourse – two main components of realism – are embodied in the novel. Like its models in French realism,Martín Rivasfocuses on the unique experiences of singular subjects. This particularisation, however, rarely acquires an interclass dimension, as it did in French forms. The “ideas of realism” are misplaced inMartín Rivas.The novel represents times, spaces, and people in the dramatically reduced frame of the times, spaces, and people of the oligarchy. It signifies a return to the same old rule that European realism had broken from. Blest Gana’s realism could be considered, therefore, as an example of the Chileanmodo de ser aristocrático[aristocratic way of being], that is, a set of cultural operations which allow the oligarchy to live their privileges as natural, far from the bourgeois ethos. This insight can be a point of departure for an international discussion as we think about how these transformations might enter into dialogue with similar phenomena in other parts of the world.
A simple network reduction technique for large autonomous microgrids incorporating an efficient reactive power sharing
Authors: Daniel Anitha , Dayalan Suchitra
Published: May 2021

Reactive power sharing continues to be a challenge for an autonomous Microgrid (MG) since reactive power sharing is largely affected by the mismatch in line impedance and the asymmetry of local loads. Several reactive power sharing methods have been proposed in an autonomous MG but their effectiveness on large MG systems has not been explored much. This paper considers a standard IEEE 38 bus autonomous MG to study the effectiveness of proportionate power sharing. A simple network reduction technique has been proposed to obtain an equivalent reduced MG for which a reactive power sharing technique is applied. The most feasible method has been analyzed and the communication based reactive power sharing along with droop controller is proved to be the popular and most generalized strategy for effective power sharing. MATLAB-Simulink tool is used to validate the power sharing with equal and unequal DG ratings in a standard IEEE 38 bus autonomous MG system with network reduction.
Comparative analysis of blind tropospheric correction models in Ghana
Authors: Osah S. , Acheampong A. A. , Fosu C. , Dadzie I.
Published: May 2021

The impact of the earth’s atmospheric layers, particularly the troposphere on Global Navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals has become a major concern in GNSS accurate positioning, navigation, surveillance and timing applications. For precise GNSS applications, tropospheric delay has to be mitigated as accurately as possible using tropospheric delay prediction models. However, the choice of a particular prediction model can signifi-cantly impair the positioning accuracy particularly when the model does not suit the user’s environment. A performance assessment of these prediction models for a suitable one is very important. In this paper, an assessment study of the performances of five blind tropospheric delay prediction models, the UNB3m, EGNOS, GTrop, GPT2w and GPT3 models was conducted in Ghana over six selected Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) using the 1˚x1˚ gridded Vienna Mapping Function 3 (VMF3) zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) product as a reference. The gridded VMF3-ZTD which is generated for every six hours on the 1˚x1˚ grids was bilinearly interpolated both space and time and transferred from the grid heights to the respective heights of the CORS locations. The results show that the GPT3 model performed better in estimating the ZTD with an overall mean (bias: 2.05 cm; RMS: 2.53 cm), followed by GPT2w model (bias: 2.32cm; RMS: 2.76cm) and GTrop model (bias: 2.41cm; 2.82cm). UNB3m model (bias: 6.23 cm; RMS: 6.43 cm) and EGNOS model (bias: 6.70 cm; RMS: 6.89 cm) performed poorly. A multiple comparison test (MCT) was further performed on the RMSE of each model to check if there is significant difference at 5% significant level. The results show that the GPT3, GPT2w and GTrop models are significantly indifferent at 5% significance level indicating that either of these models can be employed to mitigate the ZTD in the study area, nevertheless, the choice of GPT3 model will be more preferable.
Sea level acceleration under the magnifier
Authors: İz H. Bâki
Published: May 2021

Detection and quantification of sea level accelerations at tide gauge stations are needed for assessing anthropogenic contributions to the climate change. Nonetheless, uniform or non-uniform sea level accelerations/decelerations are particularly di˚cult to discern partly because of their small magnitudes and partly because of the low frequency sea level variations as confounders. Moreover, noisy excursions in the observed sea level variations also exacerbate reliability of estimated sea level accelerations. This study explores the uniformity of a sea level acceleration graphically that is left unmodeled in the residuals of a least squares solution using cumulative sum charts. Key West, USA tide gauge station’s record is studied for a demonstration. The cumulative sum charts of the residuals of a rigorous kinematic model solution without the acceleration parameter revealed its crisp and uniform signature experienced at this station since 1913.
3D Analysis of the Synaptic Organization in the Entorhinal Cortex in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Domínguez-Álvaro M. , Montero-Crespo M. , Blazquez-Llorca L. , Plaza-Alonso S. , Cano-Astorga N. , DeFelipe J. , Alonso-Nanclares L.
Published: May 2021

The entorhinal cortex (EC) is especially vulnerable in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In particular, cognitive deficits have been linked to alterations in the upper layers of EC. In the present report, we examined Layers II and III from eight human brain autopsies (four subjects with no recorded neurologic alterations and four AD cases). We used stereological methods to assess cortical atrophy of the EC and possible changes in the volume occupied by different cortical elements (neuronal and glial cell bodies; blood vessels; and neuropil). We performed 3D ultrastructural analyses of synapses using focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) to examine possible alterations related to AD. At the light microscope level, we found a significantly lower volume fraction occupied by neuronal bodies in Layer III and a higher volume fraction occupied by glial cell bodies in Layer II in AD cases. At the ultrastructural level, we observed that (1) there was a significantly lower synaptic density in both layers in AD cases; (2) synapses were larger and more complex in Layer II in AD cases; and (3) there was a greater proportion of small and simple synapses in Layer III in AD cases than in control individuals. These structural differences may play a role in the anatomic basis for the impairment of cognitive functions in AD.
Too much death can kill you: inhibiting intrinsic apoptosis to treat disease
Authors: Li Kaiming , van Delft Mark F , Dewson Grant
Published: May 2021

Apoptotic cell death is implicated in both physiological and pathological processes. Since many types of cancerous cells intrinsically evade apoptotic elimination, induction of apoptosis has become an attractive and often necessary cancer therapeutic approach. Conversely, some cells are extremely sensitive to apoptotic stimuli leading to neurodegenerative disease and immune pathologies. However, due to several challenges, pharmacological inhibition of apoptosis is still only a recently emerging strategy to combat pathological cell loss. Here, we describe several key steps in the intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptosis pathway that represent potential targets for inhibitors in disease contexts. We also discuss the mechanisms of action, advantages and limitations of small‐molecule and peptide‐based inhibitors that have been developed to date. These inhibitors serve as important research tools to dissect apoptotic signalling and may foster new treatments to reduce unwanted cell loss.
Preliminary Study on the Safety and Efficacy of One-Stop Treatment of Percutaneous LAAO Combined with Coronary Intervention for Higher Risk of Bleeding in Patients with AF Complicated with CHD
Authors: Jiang Xiaofei , Zeng, Jie , Zhong Lintao , Zhu Weimin , Li Jun
Published: May 2021

Aims: To explore the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of 1-stop treatment of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) combined with coronary intervention for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods and Results: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 6 patients with AF combined with CHD admitted from Zhuhai People’s Hospital from April 2017 to June 2018. After the operation, all patients were treated with aspirin (100 mg qd) and clopidogrel (75 mg qd) for 1 year, which is considered long-term use of aspirin/clopidogrel. The effects of LAAO and coronary intervention were evaluated immediately. The location of the left atrial appendage occluder, thrombosis, residual leak, and clinical manifestations were observed during the 90-day follow-up. The patients were implanted with Watchman™ devices and coronary stents. After the operation, the immediate sealing effect was satisfactory. The Watchman occluder was used in accordance with the PASS principle (position, anchor, size, seal), and the coronary intervention was satisfactory. During the operation, there were no device-related thrombosis, tamponade, or vascular complications. Follow-up results showed that in the 6 patients, there were no hemorrhagic strokes, worsening heart function, residual leakage, device-related thrombosis, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, skin ecchymosis, gastrointestinal bleeding, or cerebral hemorrhage.
Conclusion: For patients with nonvalvular AF combined with CHD, the safety and feasibility of 1-stop treatment with left atrial appendage and coronary intervention are reliable, and the curative effects were also satisfactory at short- and medium-term follow-up.
Low-temperature Mossbauer studies of the phase composition and structural stability of iron (III) oxide/hydroxide nanocomposite
Authors: Ostafiychuk B.K. , Moklyak V.V. , Fedoriv V.D. , Hrubiak A.B. , Yavorskyi Yu.V. , Yuryev S.O.
Published: May 2021

In article present the results of low-temperature Mossbauer studies of iron (III) oxide/hydroxide nanocomposite synthesized by the method of deposition. Based on these studies, the composition of the synthesized composite was revealed. The nanodispersed composite with a specific surface 280 m2/g is a hematite in the weakly disordered crystalline state (CSR 10 nm), and a lepidocrocite in the X-ray amorphous state (particles size 3-4 nm). The relative integral intensity of the Zeeman sextet, which corresponds to the magnetically ordered phase of hematite, is practically unchanged and is about 17%. The tendency to divide the magnetically ordered component into two sextets, which differ in quadrupole splitting QS= –0.21 mm/s and QS= 0.21 mm/s, respectively, is observed starting from a temperature of 190 K. As a result of annealing of the synthesized material at a temperature of 200°C, a slight redistribution (≈ 5%) of the content of paramagnetic and magnetically ordered components was recorded, which indicates the structural stability of the nanoparticles of the lepidocrocite γ-FeOOH phase at this temperature. Increase of  annealing temperatures to 500oC leads to the predicted course of the phase transition γ-FеООH ® α-Fе2О3. The mechanism of growth of hematite crystallites during sintering due to fixation side faces of larger α-Fe2O3 phase of nanoparticles of the γ-FeOOH phase with simultaneous transformation of their crystal structure to side faces of larger α-Fe2O3 phase particles is presented.
Los Derechos Humanos y su potencial desde la enseñanza de los Estudios Sociales y Educación Cívica en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica: un estudio desde las propuestas de siete cursos de su plan de estudios
Authors: Granados Porras Roberto , Cascante Gómez Lode Elena
Published: May 2021

The present work shows the results of a bibliographic investigation that analyzes the possibilities of transversely strengthening the Human Rights issue from the Baccalaureate in the teaching of Social Studies and Civic Education (EESEC) at the National University of Costa Rica. For which, the potential of seven courses was analyzed, from the curriculum that was developed in 2017, and how the theme can be strengthened from the theoretical and methodological development of these courses, emphasizing on increasing education as a Human Right. The research was raised from a naturalistic approach; therefore, it is facing a qualitative work from a basic cross-sectional research. The main result evidenced in the research is that the high school curricular approach at EESEC has the possibility of becoming a reference to strengthen Human Rights and its approach within a diverse society with a tendency to exclusion.
Application of aluminum sulfate in the treatment of papermaking white water
Authors: Ming Xianglan , Li Qichao , Jiang Wei
Published: May 2021

Physical chemical methods were used to treat papermaking white water used to produce plant fiber mulch sheet that contained fine fibers and inorganic fillers as suspended solids. The ordinary chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) was obviously reduced after the papermaking white water was treated by the flocculant. By comparing three different coagulants (aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC)) and flocculant (poly-acrylamide copolymer (PAM)) to process papermaking white water, it was found that Al2(SO4)3 had the best coagulation effect and the lowest cost. The best flocculation conditions were 2,733 mg/L of Al2(SO4)3 and 4.52 mg/L of PAM to treat the papermaking white water. Under the best flocculation conditions, the CODCr was less than 300 mg/L. The goal of closed recycling and zero discharge of white water in the production process of plant fiber mulch sheet was realized.
THE ROLE OF HYPOXIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOME PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND MALIGNANT TUMORS
Authors:   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bogdanova N.O. , Pogorela N.H. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lukyanetz E.A. ,   O.O. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Hypoxia, which could be defined as the level of oxygen tension in the body that is below the normal physiological value, is a process that is often observed in several diseases and occurs in most malignant tumors. On the other hand, in hypoxia several pathological conditions could occur, which could be caused by external and internal factors. During carcinogenesis, hypoxia may promote metastasis and an unfavorable prognosis. When infected with COVID-19, there is a «silent hypoxia», which could asymptomatically destroy the body. The review is devoted to hypoxia’s role in the development of some pathological conditions and malignant tumors.
Mentality issues in the transformation processes of the postmodernity society
Authors:   Institute of Applied System Analysis National Technical University of Ukraine ", Makarenko A. S. ,   Igor Sykorski Kyiv Polytechnic Institute",   37-А, Peremogy Prospect, 03056, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The paper deals with transforming social systems and their reflection in the concepts and models of the corresponding processes. A new approach to modelling and research of large social systems was proposed. The author emphasis's and describes qualitatively some aspects of the approach that are important for considering the transformation of society. The main feature of such systems is the following properties. Firstly, these systems operate in a small number of reasonably stable states. (In our approach, this is interpreted as so-called associative memory). Secondly, the evolution of such systems (actually, history for long periods) has an analogue in the learning process in models, when connections are established between the system elements. Furthermore, thirdly, the proposed approach was able to consider individuals’ internal properties (mentality) – participants in large social systems. New models of socio-economic systems are described, and an interpretation of their behaviour as trajectories on certain surfaces in the space of variables is given. The ways of transforming systems are explained: revolutionary, evolutionary and with a unique trajectory of transition. The classes are considered, into which the internal (mental) variables of individuals are divided. The internal representations of the individual from some slice of reality (in psychology, for example, this is called “internal plans”) are represented as a network of objects, concepts and the like, depending on the “object” and purpose of modelling. There are three networks (patterns, drawings) of descriptions: the actual state of affairs, presented in the form of a network; the state of things in the imagination of a particular individual and the desired (ideal) state of affairs in the imagination of a particular individual. The dynamics of changes in the parameters that characterize the individual depends on the state of the environment “externally” and on the “internal” mental variables and the above three ideas about the external environment. Adequate consideration of the external environment by representing and internal representations of surrounding individuals is possible. Such an approach is proposed when considering archetypes in the transformation of the social system. The problem of sustainable development of education and science systems is considered.
Interpretation of value dispositions of students attending Ukrainian educational and rehabilitation institutions in the context of the theory of archetypes
Authors:   Municipal Institution of Higher Education “Khortytsia National Educational and Rehabilitation Academy” of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council 59, Naukovoho Mistechka Str., Zaporizhzhia, 69017, Ukraine, Nechyporenko V. V. , Gordienko N. M. ,   Municipal Institution of Higher Education “Khortytsia National Educational and Rehabilitation Academy” of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council 59, Naukovoho Mistechka Str., Zaporizhzhia, 69017, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

The article uses the theoretical and methodological standpoint of Gilbert Durand’s theory of archetypes to interpret ethnic archetypes of Ukrainians, which are manifested in the set of value dispositions of students attending educational and rehabilitation institutions. The authors substantiate the idea that the influence of archetypal determinants in children is manifested primarily in value dispositions that act as potentials for their future behaviour; they are the projection of the collective unconscious influence on the social morality of a particular society and the formation of universal prototypes that determine the living environment of each individual and the entire community, eventually affecting the construction of social reality. Based on the survey conducted among senior students of educational and rehabilitation institutions of Ukraine, it is empirically shown that the value structure of student youth is formed mostly regardless of their gender, reflecting the main national archetypes (freedom-loving Cossack society, cordocentrism, the concept of “fertile land”, peasantry character, the image of Goddess-Mother) and includes such traits of national character as democratic nature, opulence, thrift, diligence, religiosity and respect for women. The article demonstrates the analytical and interpretative value of the conceptual trichotomy “diurnal – dramatic nocturnal – mystical nocturnal” introduced by G. Durand for understanding the archetypal pre-conditions of students’ choices of priority values. The authors analyse the specific features of the value sphere of students with disabilities: when compared to children without disabilities, they show lower indicators for almost all value points. It is suggested that these differences are evidence of the lesser manifestation of archetypes and national character traits due to preferential focusing on health issues, the need to monitor and control physical condition increasingly, coordination of movements, etc. Because of this, in students with disabilities, the postural reflex, which belongs to the sphere of the diurnal influence, retains its activity after reaching physical maturity and often manifests itself in the unprecedented psychological vitality of people belonging to this category.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 1st quarter of 2021 (attitude of young people to elderly people, health- saving technologies in education, entrepreneurship)
Authors:   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Кyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Nesterenko Ye. O. , Liudohovska K. V. ,   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Paper presents the results of the innovative youth project U-Report for December 2020 – February 2021: difficulties in communication between young people and the elderly, discrimination against the elderly by young people and youth by the elderly; the impact of a sedentary lifestyle on youth’s health; health-saving technologies in education, entrepreneurial experience among young people.
Violation of the lexical norm in the modern newspaper language
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ripei Mariia
Published: May 2021

This article assesses language as a key component in the development of media linguistics. Given that the main purpose of “language criticism” is to identify and correct shortcomings, it is im-portant to critically assess both incorrect and correct options when dealing with language pro-ducts. The paper puts special emphasis on the language of the media which needs to be normative. The author explores the development of newspaper language in terms of lexical norm vio la tion in the 1920s and 1930s. This article discusses equivalents to non-normative use of words in the daily all-Ukrainian newspaper The Day, one of the most popular publications in the ranking of national media. On the basis of various monolingual dictionaries of Standard Ukrainian and bilingual Russian-Ukrainian dictionaries, the author analyzes the use of tokens/lexemes napruha ‘voltage’, vidbyvaty‘to reflect’, pizniše ‘later’ in newspaper publications. Thus, the word napruha ‘voltage’ should be used only as a technical, physical term; in other cases it is napružennia ‘tension’. When it comes to expression, reproduction, an embodiment in images, it is correct to use vidobražaty ‘to reflect, re-mind of’, viddzerkaluvaty ‘to mirror’ but not vidbyvaty ‘to reflect’. As for pizniše ‘later’, it indicates a period after the time mentioned. It differs in its lexical meaning from zhodom ‘afterwards’ (some time after something) and potim ‘later’ (happening after something, following in time or space, no clear indication of time). Keywords: non-normative use, lexeme, dictionaries, newspaper publications.
Respuesta agronómica de cuatro variedades de caña de azúcar en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia
Authors: Rincón Castillo Álvaro , Becerra Campiño Julio Jairo
Published: May 2021

En un Oxisol de los Llanos Orientales de Colombia se establecieron y evaluaron tres variedades de caña de azúcar Cenicaña Colombia (CC) (CC 8475, CC 833895, CC 8592) y una de República Dominicana (RD 7511) con el objeto de determinar la producción de biomasa y el área foliar. En un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, cada mes, entre los 7 y 11 meses de edad de cultivo, fueron evaluados el desarrollo agronómico, la producción de biomasa verde, la concentración de sacarosa y el área foliar. La producción total de biomasa (hoja + tallo) fue más alta (P < 0.05) en las variedades CC8475 y RD7511, con rendimientos de 110 y 106 t/ha, y170 y 161 t/ha a 7 meses y 11 meses de edad de cultivo, respectivamente. Se encontró una alta correlación (r2 > 0.90) entre el área foliar medida con planímetro y el producto obtenido de largo x ancho de la hoja en las cuatro variedades evaluadas. No se encontró diferencia (P > 0.05) entre los promedios de área/tallo (6000 cm2) en las variedades. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las variedades más productivas en la región fueron CC8475 y RD7511.
Cinética de eflorescencia grasa en muestras de chocolate oscuro comercial en Perú
Authors: Daza-La Plata Aroldo , Chire-Fajardo Gabriela Cristina , Ureña-Peralta Milber Oswaldo
Published: May 2021

La eflorescencia de la grasa es un proceso de recristalización que da como resultado un chocolate de superficie opaca y blanca. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la cinética de aparición de este fenómeno evaluando el Indice de Blancura (IB) en chocolate comercial peruano con 45 y 70% de cacao. La cinética fue determinada por el método acelerado de ciclos de temperaturas de 30 ± 1 ºC durante 8 h y 20 ± 1 ºC durante 16 h a humedades relativas de 30, 50 y 70%. Las mediciones se realizaron cada 48 h (1 día de por medio). Los resultados mostraron que, la humedad relativa no afectó (P > 0.05) la cinética de eflorescencia grasa antes de 48 h de almacenamiento. El mayor IB, promedio, observado fue 55.7 ± 0.25 para el chocolate con 70% de cacao, almacenado a 30% de humedad. La cinética de eflorescencia grasa expresada en IB se ajustó a la función exponencial invertida: IB = IBf - (IBf - IBi) e-Kθ.
Obtención y caracterización de harinas compuestas de Cucurbita moschata D. y Cajanus cajan L. como fuentes alternativas de proteína y vitamina A
Authors: García-Pacheco Yair E. , Cabrera Danelys , Fuenmayor Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2021

Se estudió la utilización de guandul (Cajanus cajan L.) y ahuyama (Cucurbita moschata D.) como alternativas nutricionales y tecnológicamente viables para la elaboración de harinas compuestas con destino a la preparación de productos alimenticios ricos en proteína y vitamina A de consumo tradicional por la población colombiana. Para el efecto se evaluaron las principales etapas del procesamiento de las matrices vegetales durante la conversión en harinas. La composición nutricional fue determinada incluyendo el contenido de carotenoides totales de la harina de ahuyama y el perfil de aminoácidos de la proteína de la harina de guandul. Las harinas fueron caracterizadas por la distribución del tamaño de partículas y sus propiedades funcionales. Se encontró que a partir de ambas matrices es posible obtener productos tipo harina, con propiedades aptas para su aprovechamiento a escala comercial como fuentes concentradas de nutrientes. Para confirmar los resultados, las harinas fueron empleadas en mezclas proporcionadas para elaborar productos (bebida, arepa y pan) en formulaciones que cumplen con los descriptores: ‘alto’ en vitamina A y ‘alto’ o ‘bueno’ en proteína, además de buenas características de aceptabilidad sensorial. En el estudio se evidenció que las harinas compuestas son fuentes excelentes de proteína y vitamina A en productos tipo colada. Los porcentajes de aporte de harina de guandul se establecieron entre 81.78% y 74.95% y los de harina de ahuyama entre 18.22% y 25.05%, para alcanzar los valores establecidos en dietas de nutrientes tanto para niños mayores de 4 años como para adultos. La harina compuesta correspondiente a la formulación alta en proteína y vitamina A es una alternativa para la elaboración de bebidas ricas en estos nutrientes para la población colombiana, ya que cumple con todos los requerimientos de la legislación colombiana.
Evaluation of impacts of potato crops and livestock farming in Neotropical high Andean Páramo soils, Colombia
Authors: Farfán María Alejandra , Forero Sandra Milena , Avellaneda-Torres Lizeth Manuela
Published: May 2021

Páramos are Neotropical ecosystems that result from insular formations dominated by tufted hair grasses and shrubs, and are located above the continuous forest track and below the perpetual snowline of the highest peaks in the Northern Andes. The aim of this research was to check the reliability of the hypothesis that the potato cultivation and livestock farming activities modify the quality of Páramo soils. For this, soil samples were taken from soil used with three different purposes at two different heights: Páramo with the least possible intervention, and Páramo where the activities of potato cropping and livestock farming were carried out; from these, and that have been determined to have physicochemical properties, abundance of functional groups of microorganisms (nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizers, cellulolytic microorganisms), and enzymatic activities (urease, protease, β-glucosidase, acid, and alkaline phosphatase). The gravimetric humidity, apparent density, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, urease, acid phosphatase, and β-glucosidase showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), indicating that there is a change in the quality of the soil that is exposed to agricultural activities. As for microorganisms the hypothesis was not confirmed; there are warning signs for the future in the case of continuing with these practices, but there are no significant differences.
Modalidades y épocas de plantación en cultivo de lechuga en Gurupi, estado de Tocantins (Gurupi-to), Brasil
Authors: Alves Ferreira Tiago , Pascual Reyes Irais Dolores , Torquato Tavares Aline , Rodrigues do Nascimento Ildon
Published: May 2021

La lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) es la principal hortaliza de hoja cultivada en Brasil. Su productividad y calidad están limitadas por la temporada de cultivo, el entorno cercano y el tipo de cultivar adoptado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue verificar en diferentes épocas del año el mejor ambiente de plantación para el cultivo de lechuga en clima tropical semi-húmedo. Para el efecto, se instaló un experimento en tres épocas diferentes (octubre – noviembre de 2014, enero – marzo, mayo – julio de 2015). El diseño experimental fue bloques al azar, en arreglo factorial 3 x 3 x 2, consistente en tres épocas, tres cultivares (cvs. Vera®, Tainá® y Rafaela®) y dos ambientes de cultivo (túnel bajo con camas protegidas con mulching consistente en la protección del suelo con cobertura de tela plástica, y camas sin protección o cultivo convencional) y cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Como parámetros de respuesta fueron evaluados la biomasa de las plantas, la longitud del tallo, diámetro de la cabeza, el número de hojas por cabeza y productividad del cultivo. Los resultados mostraron que el periodo mayo–julio favorece la producción de biomasa, el diámetro de la cabeza y la productividad. No obstante, la similitud entre variedades, la variedad Vera® es más productiva en biomasa, número de hojas por cabeza, longitud del tallo y productividad. El sistema de siembra en túnel bajo con mulching es adecuado en las condiciones evaluadas para el cultivo de lechuga. Este sistema el periodo de mayo–julio favorece un desarrollo superior en las características biomasa, diámetro de la cabeza y productividad, si se compara con el cultivo convencional durante el periodo de octubre – noviembre.
Estabilidad fenotípica de genotipos promisorios de berenjena (Solanum melongena L.) para la región Caribe de Colombia
Authors: León Pacheco Rommel Igor , Gómez-Correa Juan Camilo , Cadena Torres Jorge , Cantero Rivero José Antonio , Correa Álvarez Ender Manuel , Espinosa Carvajal Manuel Ramón , Ibáñez Miranda Ketty Isabel , De la Ossa-Albis Victor Alfonso , Pérez Canteros Shirley Patricia , Romero Ferrer Jorge Luis
Published: May 2021

El fenotipo es el efecto acumulativo del genotipo (G), del ambiente (A) y su interacción (G x A). El ambiente es el factor que afecta en mayor medida el fenotipo debido a que varía entre localidades, temporadas y estaciones del año, mientras que los efectos de los genotipos son constantes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar genotipos de berenjena (Solanum melongena L.) altamente productivos y fenotípicamente estables, con frutos aceptables para los mercados de exportación y nacional, calificados, respectivamente, de primera y segunda categoría, a partir del análisis de estabilidad mediante el modelo AMMI y el índice de superioridad (Pi) de Lin y Binns. Para el efecto se utilizaron variables asociadas con rendimientos de 15 genotipos de berenjena evaluados en tres ambientes de la región Caribe de Colombia. Los resultados mostraron que: (1) El rendimiento de frutos de primera y segunda categoría fueron significativos (P < 0.001) para la interacción genotipo x ambiente, (2) los materiales Corpoica (C) C015, C027, C035, C036 y C049 lo fueron para el rendimiento de primera categoría y C014, C025, C032, C040 y C049 para el rendimiento de segunda categoría, ya que se ubicaron cerca al cero del CP1, por tanto contribuyen en menor medida a la interacción genotipo x ambiente y son los materiales con el comportamiento más estable; y (3) los genotipos más estables según el Pi para el rendimiento de primera categoría fueron el C006, C026, C027, C035 y C040; y para el de segunda categoría fueron C014, C035, C040, C042 y C049; los cuales, en su mayoría, coinciden con los genotipos más estables y de mayor rendimiento de acuerdo al análisis AMMI.
Organic fertilization attenuates heat stress in lettuce cultivation
Authors: Da Cruz Bento Bárbara María , França André Cabral , Oliveira Rodrigo Gomes , Sardinha Levy Tadin , Soares Leal Felipe Douglas
Published: May 2021

Organic or organomineral fertilization favours aeration; the distribution, storage and drainage of water through the structure of the soil favouring, in this way, the reduction in sudden variations in temperature that interrupts the of absorption of nutrients by plants. In addition, it is an important source of macro- and micronutrients essential for plant growth and development. The present study was carried out at the Olericulture Sector of the Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri with the aim of determining the behaviour and growth pattern of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. Regina, at different levels of fertilization and variable temperature. Temperatures were 12 °C, 20 °C, 23°C and 28°C. A granulated organic fertilizer modified with conventional minerals, proposed by Geofert (a pelletized organic-mineral ((4N-17P2O5-7K2O at 5.30 g/pot) was applied, and cattle manure plus a control treatment without fertilizer. Parameters as plant height, 'head' point diameter, and leaves number/plant were measured. In addition, chlorophyll A and B contents were estimated, leaf area ratio (LAR), the specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf weight ratio (LWR). Fertilization with bovine manure and Geofert fertilizer favoured plant growth, especially at lower or higher temperatures than the recommended for this vegetable (15 - 24 ° C). Organic fertilizers were more efficient than conventional fertilization in the moderating effects of the high temperatures evaluated.