bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics for the Female Chinese Population During Squatting
Authors: Wei S. , Wang D.-M. , Lin Y.-P. , Li X. , Wang C.-T. , Zhou H.
Published: July 2016

The study investigates three-dimensional kinematics of lower limb for female Chinese population during normal squatting activity. 25 young female and 25 elder female Chinese subjects were recruited. With each subject's data collected, the means of three-dimensional rotation angles of knee, hip, and ankle joints of those two groups were calculated and analyzed. Measured results showed that the maximal eccentric range of hip flexion/extension of 128.6° for the young female group (P < 0.05) was compared with that of 158.8° for the elder female group. Thus, the elder female undergoes more hip flexion/extension angles than the young female in the posture of squatting. The mean range of motion (ROM) of knee flexion/extension was 140.2° for the young female group and 138.7° (significant level P > 0.05) for the elder female group. The mean ROM of ankle flexion/extension was 47.90° for the young female group and 31.9° (P > 0.05) for the elder female group. The ROMs obtained in the experiment during squatting were greater than the reported ones achieved after joint arthroplasty. These data may be invaluable in providing designers of lower limb prosthesis with basic mechanical parameters, and assessing the effect of kinematics of low limb on rehabilitation for the Chinese population.
Mass Gathering Medicine: A Predictive Model for Patient Presentation and Transport Rates
Authors: Arbon Paul , Bridgewater Franklin H.G. , Smith Colleen
Published: July 2016

Introduction:

This paper reports on research into the influence of environmental factors (including crowd size, temperature, humidity, and venue type) on the number of patients and the patient problems presenting to firstaid services at large, public events in Australia. Regression models were developed to predict rates of patient presentation and of transportation-to-a-hospital for future mass gatherings.

Objective:

To develop a data set and predictive model that can be applied across venues and types of mass gathering events that is not venue or event specific. Data collected will allow informed event planning for future mass gatherings for which health care services are required.

Methods:

Mass gatherings were defined as public events attended by in excess of 25,000 people. Over a period of 12 months, 201 mass gatherings attended by a combined audience in excess of 12 million people were surveyed through-out Australia. The survey was undertaken by St. John Ambulance Australia personnel. The researchers collected data on the incidence and type of patients presenting for treatment and on the environmental factors that may influence these presentations. A standard reporting format and definition of event geography was employed to overcome the event-specific nature of many previous surveys.

Results:

There are 11,956 patients in the sample. The patient presentation rate across all event types was 0.992/1,000 attendees, and the transportation-to-hospital rate was 0.027/1,000 persons in attendance. The rates of patient presentations declined slightly as crowd sizes increased. The weather (particularly the relative humidity) was related positively to an increase in the rates of presentations. Other factors that influenced the number and type of patients presenting were the mobility of the crowd, the availability of alcohol, the event being enclosed by a boundary, and the number of patient-care personnel on duty.

Three regression models were developed to predict presentation rates at future events.

Conclusions:

Several features of the event environment influence patient presentation rates, and that the prediction of patient load at these events is complex and multifactorial. The use of regression modeling and close attention to existing historical data for an event can improve planning and the provision of health care services at mass gatherings.
Direct inference of site strength in basic solids upon CO2adsorption: enthalpy–entropy compensation effects
Authors: Pera-Titus M.
Published: July 2016

Enthalpy–entropy compensation effects upon CO2adsorption afford the prediction of the basic strength of solids without the need for calorimetric measurements.
Nickel catalysts supported on amino-functionalized MCM-41 for syngas methanation
Authors: Dai Bin , Wen Bo , Zhu Mingyuan , Kang Lihua , Yu Feng
Published: July 2016

MCM-41 was functionalized with amino groups using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) as a precursor, and then Ni was chemically immobilized to synthesize the Ni/NH2-MCM-41 catalyst.
Relational governance in outsourcing partnerships
Authors: Mathrani Anuradha , Mathrani Sanjay
Published: July 2016

Purpose

The paper aims to capture the nuances of two client–supplier relationships to offer new insights on the influences of transactional, knowledge and social elements in outsourcing partnerships.

Design/methodology/approach

The study has used descriptive case studies with narrative storylines. Interviews were conducted with three relationship managers (boundary gatekeepers) to understand preferred governance practices between clients and suppliers in diverse economic markets.

Findings

Experiences of three real-life cases engaged in offshore outsourcing have helped to identify the market, operational knowledge and social influences in a relational exchange. Findings reveal that offshore partnerships are first constituted with service-level agreements, which set control measures and layout business expectations from both partners. Boundary gatekeepers bring further accountability across firms by designing social networks for capturing and sharing of knowledge, thereby reducing each partner’s perception of risk. As firms evaluate transactional, knowledge and social elements for building a futuristic relational exchange, more disaggregated and dispersed enterprises evolve as new opportunities are explored in foreign markets.

Research limitations/implications

The retrospective nature of the client–supplier partnership is a limitation in this research study. However, retrospection adds to experience, and to practice perspectives made in hindsight, and therefore has a positive influence in this study.

Originality/value

This paper shares real-world experiences that can be used by scholars and practitioners to better understand how relational governance practices operate in a global socio-economic setting.
Torque ripple reduction of switched reluctance motor using fuzzy control
Authors: Wang Ming-Shyan , Chen Seng-Chi , Fang Wei-Chin , Chuang Po-Hsiang
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– Extensive efforts have been conducted on the improvement of torque ripple in switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. The purpose of this paper is to estimate initial on time of pulse-width modulation (PWM) and turn-off angle using the motor speed and rotor angle by fuzzy logic.

Design/methodology/approach

– A fuzzy logic control together with the PWM technique and turn-off angle are used to improve torque ripple and dynamic response.

Findings

– After determining initial on time of PWM, the rise slope of phase current is increased.

Research limitations/implications

– Future work will consider to increase the complex of the fuzzy control to adaptively tune parameters and achieve excellent results.

Practical implications

– The experimental results of the proposed method are presented to show the effectiveness.

Originality/value

– This paper achieves SRM control by one special PWM technique which is seldom studied.
Exploring valid and reliable assessment methods for care management education
Authors: Gennissen Lokke , Stammen Lorette , Bueno-de-Mesquita Jolien , Wieringa Sietse , Busari Jamiu
Published: July 2016

Purpose

It is assumed that the use of valid and reliable assessment methods can facilitate the development of medical residents’ management and leadership competencies. To justify this assertion, the perceptions of an expert panel of health care leaders were explored on assessment methods used for evaluating care management (CM) development in Dutch residency programs. This paper aims to investigate how assessors and trainees value these methods and examine for any inherent benefits or shortcomings when they are applied in practice.

Design/methodology/approach

A Delphi survey was conducted among members of the platform for medical leadership in The Netherlands. This panel of experts was made up of clinical educators, practitioners and residents interested in CM education.

Findings

Of the respondents, 40 (55.6 per cent) and 31 (43 per cent) participated in the first and second rounds of the Delphi survey, respectively. The respondents agreed that assessment methods currently being used to measure residents’ CM competencies were weak, though feasible for use in many residency programs. Multi-source feedback (MSF, 92.1 per cent), portfolio/e-portfolio (86.8 per cent) and knowledge testing (76.3 per cent) were identified as the most commonly known assessment methods with familiarity rates exceeding 75 per cent.

Practical implications

The findings suggested that an “assessment framework” comprising MSF, portfolios, individual process improvement projects or self-reflections and observations in clinical practice should be used to measure CM competencies in residents.

Originality/value

This study reaffirms the need for objective methods to assess CM skills in post-graduate medical education, as there was not a single assessment method that stood out as the best instrument.
Paid accommodation use of international VFR multi-destination travellers
Authors: Griffin Tom , Nunkoo Robin
Published: July 2016

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of paid accommodation by international visitors who also stay with a friend or relative in another destination.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper conducts analysis of secondary data to look at the proportion of person nights in paid accommodation attributable to visitors who also stay with a friend or relative in another destination, and comparison of different visitor groups and their likelihood to use paid accommodation.

Findings

Results show that 14.5 per cent of all person nights spent by international visitors to Canada in paid accommodations were attributable to people who also stayed with a friend or relative in another destination. This proportion is higher for destinations outside of the largest cities and varies by source market.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is limited the structure of the secondary data set, which does not separate visiting friends from visiting relatives, and does not capture host behaviour.

Practical implications

This paper has implications for destination marketers and tourism businesses as a source for reflection on drivers of their local and international business.

Social implications

This paper helps position residents in a more central role regarding tourism in their regions and should encourage marketers and service providers to appreciate and engage residents as hosts.

Originality/value

This paper offers an original position by combining concepts from visiting friends and relatives and multi-destination travel that provides a foundation for further research in this area.
Seasonal Variations of Nutritional Status in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ilić Begović Tanja , Radić Josipa , Radić Mislav , Kovačić Vedran , Šain Milenka , Ljutić Dragan
Published: July 2016

Nutritional status of hemodialysis (HD) patients is influenced by a multitude of factors and it strongly correlates with morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of seasonal changes on nutritional status in maintenance HD patients. A selected population of 84 adult (40 females and 44 males, aged 68.98 ± 13.45 years) HD (5.94 ± 6.44 years) patients were investigated. Clinical, biochemical and nutritional parameters (BMI, creatinine, urea, serum albumin, total cholesterol and Dialysis Malnutrition Score (DMS) were measured in cold (January and December) and mild (June and September) months, altogether in 336 HD sessions. Statistically significant differences between cold and mild months were found in BMI (P= 0.046), creatinine before HD (P =0.011), urea before HD (P ≤ 0.001), urea after HD (P ≤ 0.001) and glucose (P =  0.001). Differences between male and female patients in DMS, serum albumin and creatinine level in cold and mild months were found; where females altogether had higher DMS score and lower serum albumin and creatinine levels. These results suggest that seasonal variations of clinical and laboratory variables that reflect nutritional status occur commonly among maintenance HD patients and might lead to biases in the interpretation of results in clinical studies in which measurement schedules vary during the year. Also, results suggested that female HD patients may constitute an especially vulnerable population for seasonal oscillations of nutritional status. The reasons for most of these variations are not apparent and require further investigation.
A Novel Vortex Tube‐Assisted Atmospheric Freeze‐Drying System: Effect of Osmotic Pretreatment on Biological Products
Authors: Md Atiqure Rahman S. , Enamul Hoque M. , Rahman Saidur , Mahbubur Rahman M.
Published: July 2016

Osmotic pretreatment is an effective way of reducing water from the biological products as well as simultaneously accelerating the drying kinetics. This research investigates the effect of osmotic pretreatment on the biological products in a vortex tube atmospheric freeze–drying (AFD) system. To facilitate the atmospheric freeze–drying in a laboratory scale, a vortex tube was connected to the compressor. A multi‐mode heat input concept was tested successfully to study the drying kinetics without damaging the products. The products were compared with the samples that did not undergo the osmotic pretreatment process. In addition, the comparison was also made with the parallel studies on conventional vacuum freeze–drying (VFD). Results showed that the osmotic treatment enhanced the drying kinetics for both AFD and VFD systems.

Practical Applications

This paper investigated on how the osmotic pretreatment influences the quality of the product in a novel atmospheric vortex tube‐assisted atmospheric freeze–drying system, and compared with the parallel studies using conventional vacuum contact drying system. Osmotic treatment of biological products using concentrated sugar solution demonstrates enhanced osmotic dehydration as well as drying rate in this novel atmospheric freeze–drying technique. This information is aimed to help in selecting appropriate osmotic agent as well as suitable drying process at even industrial level for efficient drying specifically, for biological and heat sensitive products. In addition, this work focuses on quality analysis along i.e., drying behavior with the variation of process parameters e.g., drying time, temperature, and moisture content for subzero drying. This findings would be beneficial for critical analysis in osmotic dehydration process and would further serve as a guideline for optimum design.
Language policy, homelessness and neoliberal urbanization: The case of San Francisco's Union Square
Authors: Wee Lionel
Published: July 2016

One example of the impact of neoliberalism on urbanization is that of the Business Improvement District (BID), where business and property owners collectively manage a district to ensure that it has an appropriate ‘business climate’. The responses of BIDs to the language practices of the homeless, such as panhandling, tend to be ambivalent because homelessness is an issue that requires sensitivity. Nevertheless, overly aggressive panhandling can have adverse repercussions for businesses. This paper focuses on San Francisco's Union Square, which is the city's commercial retail center, and makes two key points. One, language policy needs to be viewed as planned, unplanned or transgressive, where these characterizations are necessarily from the perspective of an specific actor, such as the Union Square BID. Two, there are interesting attempts to transform panhandling practices from above, pushing these towards neoliberalism with the consequence that the panhandlers themselves sometimes respond by reimagining panhandling as work or a business.
Effect of nurse staffing variation and hospital resource utilization
Authors: Kim Yunmi , Kim Seon‐Ha , Ko Young
Published: July 2016

In this study, we examined the effect of variations in nurse staffing levels on the length of stay and medical expenses of patients who underwent hip or knee surgeries. A cross‐sectional study was conducted using the National Health Insurance database and hospital surveys from 2010. Patient length of stay and medical expenses by nurse staffing level and skill mix were compared after adjusting for hospital and patient characteristics. Nurse staffing was measured based on staffing grade, the bed‐to‐registered nurse/nurse aid ratio, the bed‐to‐nursing personnel ratio, and the RN proportion. Generalized estimation models were used to analyze the associations. Decreased nurse staffing was consistently associated with increased length of stay, regardless of nurse staffing measures. The medical expenses associated with the lowest staffing level were approximately $US 1142.2 more than those associated with the highest staffing level. The study results suggest that maintaining a high nurse staffing level could be a cost‐effective strategy for government and insurers, as well as for patients. We propose that policy makers implement more efficient nurse staffing strategies.
Subgroup analysis of Asian patients in the INPULSIS® trials of nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroyuki , Xu Zuojun , Azuma Arata , Inoue Yoshikazu , Li Huiping , Fujimoto Tsuyoshi , Bailes Zelie , Schlenker‐Herceg Rozsa , Kim Dong S.
Published: July 2016

Background and objective

In the two‐replicate randomized Phase III INPULSIS® trials in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), nintedanib 150 mg bd significantly reduced the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) compared with placebo. The key secondary endpoints were time to first investigator‐reported acute exacerbation and change from baseline in St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score, both over 52 weeks. Here, we assessed the effect of nintedanib in Asian patients.

Methods

Pre‐specified subgroup analyses of the effect of nintedanib on the primary and key secondary endpoints in Asian versus White patients were undertaken based on pooled data from the two INPULSIS® trials. Safety data were analyzed descriptively.

Results

Of the treated patients, 322 were Asian (nintedanib n = 194; placebo n = 128) and 608 were White (nintedanib n = 360; placebo n = 248). In Asian patients, the nintedanib versus placebo difference in the adjusted annual rate of decline in FVC was 94.1 mL/year (95% CI: 33.7, 154.6). The treatment effect of nintedanib on the annual rate of decline in FVC in Asian and White patients was similar (treatment‐by‐subgroup interaction P = 0.72) and consistent with the overall population. No significant treatment‐by‐subgroup interaction was observed for the key secondary endpoints between Asian and White patients. In Asian patients, the most common adverse event in the nintedanib group was diarrhoea (56.2% of patients vs 15.6% for placebo).

Conclusion

In pre‐specified subgroup analyses of Asian versus White patients with IPF in the INPULSIS® trials, race did not influence the effect of nintedanib on disease progression.
Trade Activity Between the EU and Its Neighbouring Countries: Trends and Potential
Authors: Kallioras Dimitris , Pinna Anna Maria
Published: July 2016

The objective of the paper is to examine whether trade activity intensifies over time as the outcome of signed bilateral trade agreements. Focusing on (the trade component of) the European Neighbourhood Policy, the paper conducts a study of trade activity between the EU and its neighbouring countries, attempting to offer a detailed analysis in terms of trade patterns and to investigate whether proximity is combined with higher trade flows, within the framework of a free trade agreement. The analysis utilises data derived from BACI database and covers the period from 1995 to 2011. The findings of the paper indicate that there is a lot of potential for the expansion of trade activity between the EU and its neighbouring countries.
Protection Against Spikes in Workload With Aerobic Fitness and Playing Experience: The Role of the Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio on Injury Risk in Elite Gaelic Football
Authors: Malone Shane , Roe Mark , Doran Dominic A. , Gabbett Tim J. , Collins Kieran D.
Published: July 2016

Purpose:

To examine the association between combined session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) workload measures and injury risk in elite Gaelic footballers.

Methods:

Thirty-seven elite Gaelic footballers (mean ± SD age 24.2 ± 2.9 y) from 1 elite squad were involved in a single-season study. Weekly workload (session RPE multiplied by duration) and all time-loss injuries (including subsequent-wk injuries) were recorded during the period. Rolling weekly sums and wk-to-wk changes in workload were measured, enabling the calculation of the acute:chronic workload ratio by dividing acute workload (ie, 1-weekly workload) by chronic workload (ie, rolling-average 4-weekly workload). Workload measures were then modeled against data for all injuries sustained using a logistic-regression model. Odds ratios (ORs) were reported against a reference group.

Results:

High 1-weekly workloads (≥2770 arbitrary units [AU], OR = 1.63–6.75) were associated with significantly higher risk of injury than in a low-training-load reference group (<1250 AU). When exposed to spikes in workload (acute:chronic workload ratio >1.5), players with 1 y experience had a higher risk of injury (OR = 2.22) and players with 2–3 (OR = 0.20) and 4–6 y (OR = 0.24) of experience had a lower risk of injury. Players with poorer aerobic fitness (estimated from a 1-km time trial) had a higher injury risk than those with higher aerobic fitness (OR = 1.50–2.50). An acute:chronic workload ratio of (≥2.0) demonstrated the greatest risk of injury.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight an increased risk of injury for elite Gaelic football players with high (>2.0) acute:chronic workload ratios and high weekly workloads. A high aerobic capacity and playing experience appears to offer injury protection against rapid changes in workload and high acute:chronic workload ratios. Moderate workloads, coupled with moderate to high changes in the acute:chronic workload ratio, appear to be protective for Gaelic football players.
Soli
Authors: Lien Jaime , Gillian Nicholas , Karagozler M. Emre , Amihood Patrick , Schwesig Carsten , Olson Erik , Raja Hakim , Poupyrev Ivan
Published: July 2016

This paper presents
Soli
, a new, robust, high-resolution, low-power, miniature gesture sensing technology for human-computer interaction based on millimeter-wave radar. We describe a new approach to developing a radar-based sensor optimized for human-computer interaction, building the sensor architecture from the ground up with the inclusion of radar design principles, high temporal resolution gesture tracking, a hardware abstraction layer (HAL), a solid-state radar chip and system architecture, interaction models and gesture vocabularies, and gesture recognition. We demonstrate that Soli can be used for robust gesture recognition and can track gestures with sub-millimeter accuracy, running at over 10,000 frames per second on embedded hardware.
Inter-Rater Agreement in the Clinical Diagnosis of Cognitive Status: Data from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain 2 Pilot Study
Authors: Llamas-Velasco Sara , Sierra-Hidalgo Fernando , Llorente-Ayuso Lucia , Herrero-San Martín Alejandro , Villarejo Galende Alberto , Bermejo Pareja Félix
Published: July 2016

Background: To assess the diagnostic agreement of cognitive status (dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), normal cognition) among neurologists in the field of neurological disorders in Central Spain 2 study. Methods: Full medical histories of 30 individuals were provided to 27 neurologists: 9 seniors, 10 juniors and 8 residents. For each case, we were asked to assign a diagnosis of dementia, MCI or normal cognition using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroup (NIA-AA) core clinical criteria for all-cause dementia, Winblad et al. criteria for MCI, and analyze intensity and etiology if dementia was diagnosed. Inter-rater agreement was assessed both with percent concordance and non-weighted κ statistics. Results: Overall inter-rater agreement on cognitive status was κ = 0.76 (95% CI 0.65-0.86), being slightly higher among junior neurologists (κ = 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.95) than among seniors (κ = 0.71, 95% CI 0.59-0.83) and residents (κ = 0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.81) but without statistical significance among groups. Dementia severity showed an overall κ of 0.34, 0.44 and 0.64 for mild, moderate and severe dementia respectively. Conclusions: Substantial agreement was demonstrated for the diagnosis of cognitive status (dementia, MCI and normal cognition) among neurologists of different levels of experience in a population-based epidemiological study using NIA-AA and Winblad et al. criteria. The agreement rate was lower in the diagnosis of dementia severity.
Background colour matching in a wild population of Alytes obstetricans
Authors: Polo-Cavia Nuria , Oliveira José Miguel , Redondo Villa Alberto José , Márquez Rafael
Published: July 2016

The capacity for physiological colour change has long been described in anuran amphibians. Camouflage against predators seems to be the most relevant function of dynamic changes in skin colour of frogs, but key aspects such as the rate at which these changes occur, or the specific colour components involved are not completely clear. Whereas most research on the topic has been reported on tree frogs in laboratory conditions, studies in other anurans or in the field are much scarcer. Here we show a potentially plastic, adaptive response in coloration of common midwife toads,Alytes obstetricans, from a population of central Portugal, whose pigmentation varied with their natural backgrounds. Using quantitative image analysis, we compared hue, saturation and brightness of dorsal skin coloration of toads and the colour of the area of ground immediately around them. We found a positive correlation between coloration of toads and background colour for the three components of the colour. As well as other anuran species,A. obstetricansmight adjust skin coloration to match the surrounding environment, thus benefitting from short-term reversible crypsis strategies against predators. A less supported hypothesis would be that toads accurately select matching backgrounds to improve concealment as an antipredatory strategy.
Paternal postnatal depression: How midwives can support families
Authors: Philpott Lloyd Frank
Published: July 2016

Over the past 3 decades, there has been a growing awareness and concern about the burden of ill health experienced by men, and research has shown that fatherhood has a protective effect on men's health. However, there is also evidence that the transition to fatherhood can be complex and demanding, with many fathers feeling inadequately equipped as they begin their journey. This can cause distress, anxiety and increased risk of depression. With a prevalence of approximately 10%, paternal postnatal depression (PPND) is a real and significant public health issue. However, PPND is not widely acknowledged nor well researched. In general, the mental health of fathers in the postnatal period is often not considered. This has resulted in men being underscreened, underdiagnosed and undertreated for PPND and other postnatal mental health problems. The need to address the problem is highlighted by the detrimental effects that PPND can have on a father's health, as well as the numerous potential negative effects on the health and wellbeing of the woman and child. Key findings from research undertaken in relation to PPND have identified maternal depression, poor social support and a lack of education as contributing factors.
Low Si-OH ORMOCER®s for Dielectrical and Optical
Interconnection Technology
Authors: Buestrich Ralf , Kahlenberg Frank , Popall Michael , Martin Adelheid , Rösch Oliver
Published: July 2016

ORMOCER®*s (inorganic-organic hybrid polymers) with low Si-OH content were
synthesized by a new sol-gel route. Optimization of the sol-gel process
parameters (catalyst, temperature etc.) was performed in order to achieve
reproducible low cost materials which are photo-patternable even in higher
layer thicknesses up to 150 μm within one step without cracking or
delamination. The materials combine low losses in the NIR region (0.2 dB/cm
at 1310 nm and 0.5 dB/cm at 1550 nm without fluorination!) with low
dielectric constants (3.3 at 10 kHz).

Beside the dielectric and optical properties the materials have a variety of
additional advantages for interconnection technology: good wetting and
adhesion on various substrates (e.g. glass, silicon and several polymers),
low processing temperatures (postbake below 160 °C), high thermal stability
(up to 270 °C) and a tunable refractive index.

Details of chemical synthesis and characterization as well as
photo-lithographic processing of ORMOCER® materials are
presented.
Modelo comboio para suporte familiar pelo enfermeiro na atenção básica: estudo descritivo
Authors: Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da , Fernandes Marcelo Costa , Leite Sarah de Sá , Nogueira Mariana Correia Cadete , Lima Weverson de Abreu , Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira da
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: investigar a troca de suporte relacionado ao cuidado na saúde entre a família, inserida no centro do modelo comboio, e o enfermeiro da Atenção Básica. Método: estudo descritivo, realizado com 30 usuários da Atenção Básica de Maracanaú/CE, em julho de 2014. Recorreu-se ao Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo para organização dos dados e ao modelo comboio para visualização do suporte exercido pelo profissional. Resultado: o enfermeiro é referência secundária de suporte às famílias; suas ações são restritas às unidades de saúde, demonstrando papel equivocado de suas atribuições, além de terem como foco as atividades de orientação. Discussão: há distanciamento do enfermeiro em relação às famílias assistidas, como também influências do modelo médico hegemônico, que distanciam o enfermeiro da apropriação de suas reais atribuições. Conclusão: o enfermeiro é desvalorizado e apontado como referência secundária na relação com as famílias para  resolver problemas de saúde.
Compreensão na auditoria em estratégia de saúde da família: pesquisa exploratória
Authors: Caveião Cristiano , Visentin Angelita , Sales Willian Barbosa , Hey Ana Paula , Lara Nice Andreia de Moraes , Costa Tuany
Published: July 2016

Objetivos:  identificar  a  compreensão  e  as  competências  requeridas pelo enfermeiro em relação à auditoria dos serviços da Unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da  Família  de  um  município  da  região  Sul  do  Brasil.  Método:  estudo  exploratório, descritivo,  com  abordagem  qualitativa.  Resultados:  a  auditoria  em  serviços  de  saúde exercida pelo enfermeiro pode contribuir como um instrumento para o auxílio na gestão administrativa,  financeira  e  de  recursos  humanos;  na  avaliação,  monitoramento  de procedimentos   e  processos,  prontuário,  protocolos,  processos   de  trabalho;  e  na qualidade   dos   serviços   de   saúde.   Para   tanto,   é   necessário   adquirir   algumas competências   por   meio   da   formação,   educação   permanente   e/ou   experiência profissional.   Conclusão:   os   enfermeiros   reconhecem   suas   responsabilidades   e   a importância   de   levantamentos   para   que   a   auditoria   tenha êxito.   Considera-se fundamental  capacitar  esses  profissionais  para  melhorar  e  ampliar a  qualidade  dos serviços de auditoria em nível local, proporcionando aos gestores subsídios norteadores de uma estratégia de sensibilização voltados à assistência prestada.
Representações sociais da enfermagem elaboradas por profissionais de saúde não enfermeiros
Authors: Santos Érick Igor dos , Alves Yasmin Rayanne , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Mota Diego Bonfante , Almeida Eliza Aguiar de
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais da enfermagem paraprofissionais de saúde não enfermeiros. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e delineado por meio da Teoria das Representações Sociais em sua abordagem estrutural. Participaram 53 profissionais de saúde não enfermeiros. A técnica de coleta de dados foi a de evocações livres hierarquizadas, utilizando-se o termo indutor “enfermagem”. A análise de dados foi por meio do software E V OC 2005. Resultados: figuram no núcleo central da estrutura da representação social da Enfermagem os termos cuidado, equipe, responsabilidade e trabalho. Discussão: identificou-se equilíbrio entre as dimensões funcional, normativa e imagética da representação, que conta com a presença de elementos cognitivos, avaliativos e imagéticos. Há atitude favorável dos participantes com relação a o objeto. Conclusão: trata-se de uma representação que ainda está sendo elaborada, na qual os profissionais recorrem a formas concretas e visíveis de expressar a profissão, para, assim, reconstruir o objeto enfermagem.
Efeito de intervenção educativa sobre eventos adversos pós-vacina pentavalente: estudo quase-experimental
Authors: Porto Francisca Agda Alexandre , Silva Allan Raniere Santos , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Dias Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia , Dos Santos Leonardo Hunaldo , Costa Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus
Published: July 2016

Objetivo:  avaliar  o  conhecimento  das  mães  sobre  os  eventos adversos  pós-vacina  pentavalente  antes  e  depois  de  participarem  de  uma  intervenção educativa.  Método:  estudo  com  delineamento de  pesquisa  quase  experimental,  do  tipo grupo  único,  antes  e  depois,  realizado  com  100  mães  de  lactentes  de setembro  a outubro  de  2014,  no  ambulatório  de  uma  maternidade  pública  de  Imperatriz/MA. Resultados:  após  participarem  da  intervenção  evidenciou-se  aumento  expressivo  do conhecimento sobre os eventos adversos pós-vacina pentavalente em todas as questões (p<0,05).  Observou-se  diferença  significativa  após  a  intervenção  para  as  questões:  a quem procurar após o evento adverso vacinal (p=0,004) e quais os eventos adversos da vacina pentavalente conhecidos pelas mães (p=0,04). Conclusão: os resultados indicam mudança  positiva  no  conhecimento  das  mães  sobre  os  eventos  adversos  pós-vacina pentavalente  e  fornecem  subsídios  para  a  adoção  de  estratégias  de  intervenção  em longo prazo por enfermeiros.
Cateter central de inserção periférica e dissecção venosa em bebês: estudo descritivo
Authors: Nobre Keline Soraya Santana , Leitão Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira , Teixeira Juliana Lopes , Lopes Márcia Maria Coelho Oliveira , Fontenele Fernanda Cavalcante
Published: July 2016

Objetivos:  analisar  a  utilização  do  cateter  central  de  inserção periférica quanto aos aspectos da técnica, posicionamento e manutenção, assim como a influência no número de dissecções venosas em bebês internados em unidade neonatal. Método: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, quantitativo, em maternidade de referência de uma  cidade  do  nordeste  brasileiro.  Amostra  composta  por  1599  inserções  de  cateter central  de inserção  periférica  em  1204  bebês, nos  anos  de  2006  a 2013.  Utilizaram-se instrumentos  que  registravam  aspectos  da  inserção  de  cateter  central  de  inserção periférica  e  da  dissecção  venosa.  Resultados:  a  maioria  dos  bebês  era  prematura,  de baixo peso e do sexo masculino. As veias da região cubital foram as mais puncionadas, com sucesso de inserção até a quarta punção. Predominou o posicionamento central da ponta do cateter, com tempo de permanência entre 11 e 20 dias, retirando-o ao final do tratamento.  No  decorrer  dos  anos,  o  número  de  dissecções  venosas  foi  inversamente proporcional  ao  de  inserção  do  cateter  central  de  inserção  periférica. Conclusão:  esse dispositivo  intravenoso  mostrou-se  importante  para  o  tratamento  do  recém-nascido internado, favorecendo diminuição das dissecções venosa.
Condições e relações de trabalho em unidades críticas: estudo tipo survey
Authors: Valera Ingrid Mayara Almeida , Wisniewski Danielle , Reis Gislene Aparecida Xavier dos , Inoue Kelly Cristina , Silva Eraldo Schunk , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: July 2016

Objetivo:  investigar  sobre  condições  e  relações  de  trabalho  de profissionais  de  enfermagem  de  unidades  críticas.    Método:  pesquisa  tipo  Survey, realizada em 2013, em três hospitais do Paraná. Participaram 64 (30,19%) enfermeiros e  148  (69,81%)  profissionais  da  equipe  técnica  de  enfermagem,  atuantes  em  Centro Cirúrgico,   Unidade   de   Terapia   Intensiva   Adulta   e   Pronto   Socorro. Aplicou-se   o questionário Pesquisa das Condições e Relações de Trabalho e os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: constatou-se ocorrência de alta carga de trabalho (pontuações entre 5,25 a 6,85 pontos); subdimensionamento da equipe (4,38 a 6,9);  salário  insuficiente  (4,98  a  8,7);  falta  de  estímulo  da  instituição  (5,83  a  8,0)  e baixa  motivação  laboral  (6,03  a  8,3).  Discussão:  condições  e  relações  de  trabalho  de unidades  críticas  podem  influenciar na  assistência  prestada  e  na  qualidade  de  vida  dos profissionais.  Conclusão:  a  maioria  dos  participantes  apontou  que  as  condições  e relações de trabalho onde atuam são inadequadas.
Food Security in Rural Cambodia and Fishing in the Mekong in the Light of Declining Fish Stocks
Authors: Hartje Rebecca , Bühler Dorothee , Grote Ulrike
Published: July 2016

Fishing in the Mekong River is of utmost importance for rural livelihoods in parts of Cambodia. As a result of ecosystem changes, fish stocks are expected to decline. Using data on 600 rural households collected in two waves in 2013 and 2014 in the province of Stung Treng, we assess the current situation of food security in relation to fishing. To proxy food security, we consider energy and protein intakes as well as Food Security Indexes. Quantitative results show that fishing households had a more nutritious diet in the past week, are more engaged in subsistence activities and had lower additional food expenditure. Furthermore, fishing is effective in reducing seasonal food insecurity for households in the lowest income quartile. In the light of declining fish stocks these findings underscore the need for fishing households to adjust their income earning activities to the expected changes. We call for policymakers to account for the most fish‐dependent groups of the population when designing or adjusting development policies for the area that could potentially affect fish stocks.
La radio latina en España. Medio de integración
Authors: Santos Diez María Teresa , Pérez Dasilva Jesús Ángel
Published: July 2016

España se ha convertido en uno de los destinos principales para la inmigración procedente de América Latina. Este fenómeno trae consigo la creación de medios de comunicación que dan respuesta a sus necesidades de información y entretenimiento. El presente artículo se centra en el estudio de las emisoras de frecuencia modulada latinas en España, en aspectos como el proceso de creación y el análisis de contenidos que presentan en sus parrillas de programación.
Inclusión financiera en el ámbito rural mediante cajas de ahorro. Estudio de una experiencia en México
Authors: Martínez-Carrasco Pleite Federico , Muñoz Soriano Ana M. , Eid Maged , Colino Sueiras José
Published: July 2016

Los niveles de pobreza de un importante porcentaje de la población de muchos países en desarrollo se acompañan, con frecuencia, de la falta de acceso a productos de ahorro, pago, crédito o seguro, lo que determina una exclusión financiera. Aquí se presenta el proyecto de cajas de ahorro auspiciado por la Fundación León XIII en México. Tras describirse esta experiencia informal de fomento del ahorro, se presentan los datos de una encuesta realizada entre 218 beneficiarios del proyecto. Su análisis bivariante y multivariante, además de cuantificar las condiciones de vida de sus beneficiarios, proporciona valiosa información acerca de la capacidad de ahorro que la población logra a través de esta iniciativa, segmentando a sus beneficiarios por sus características y esfuerzo ahorrador.
Experiências de ações educativo--comunitárias no Museu da Maré
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Cláudia Rose , Da Costa Peregrino Miriane
Published: July 2016

O Museu da Maré, inaugurado em 8 de maio de 2006, nasceu do desejo dos moradores de preservação de suas memórias. O Museu é um espaço de encontro entre as diversas realidades existentes no espaço urbano do Rio de Janeiro, o que possibilita a constituição de identidades plurais, além de favorecer o fortalecimento dos vínculos comunitários entre os agentes sociais locais e destes com a cidade. As ações educativas realizadas pelo Museu perpassam os vários projetos desenvolvidos (exposição de longa duração, exposições temporárias, arquivo, reserva técnica, grupo de contadores de histórias, biblioteca infanto-juvenil, mulheres artesãs e oficinas culturais) e visam fortalecer os vínculos comunitários entre os moradores, colaborando com o trabalho de preservação e divulgação do patrimônio cultural e afetivo das comunidades da Maré. O artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre esse conjunto de ações com base no trabalho de formação de jovens bolsistas no Museu.
Um mapa para além das fronteiras: aprender e ensinar história nos anos finais da escolarização básica
Authors: Moreno Jean Carlos
Published: July 2016

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Effects of bruxism on the maximum bite force
Authors: Todic Jelena , Mitic Ankica , Lazic Dragoslav , Radosavljevic Radivoje , Staletovic Milos
Published: July 2016

Background/Aim. Bruxism is a parafunctional activity of the masticatory system, which is characterized by clenching or grinding of teeth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of bruxism has impact on maximum bite force, with particular reference to the potential impact of gender on bite force values. Methods. This study included two groups of subjects: without and with bruxism. The presence of bruxism in the subjects was registered using a specific clinical questionnaire on bruxism and physical examination. The subjects from both groups were submitted to the procedure of measuring the maximum bite pressure and occlusal contact area using a single-sheet pressure-sensitive films (Fuji Prescale MS and HS Film). Maximal bite force was obtained by multiplying maximal bite pressure and occlusal contact area values. Results. The average values of maximal bite force were significantly higher in the subjects with bruxism compared to those without bruxism (p < 0.001). Occlusal contact area was significantly higher in the subjects suffering from bruxism (p < 0.001), while the maximal bite pressure values did not show a significant difference between the studied groups (p > 0.01). Maximal bite force was significantly higher in the males compared to the females in all segments of the research. Conclusion. The presence of bruxism influences the increase in the maximum bite force as shown in this study. Gender is a significant determinant of bite force. Registration of maximum bite force can be used in diagnosing and analysing pathophysiological events during bruxism.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Alkyl Pyridinium Aldoxime Based Surfactants
Authors: Ismail Dina A. , Ahmed Sahar M. , Ahmed Hend M. , Awad Ashgan I. , El-Sharkawy Hanan A.
Published: July 2016

A series of N-alkyl pyridinium aldoxime surfactants was synthesized by the reaction of pyridinium aldoxime with long chain alkyl halides (decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl and hexadecyl bromide). The chemical structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by elemental analysis and FTIR spectra. Surface tension was measured in aqueous solutions for different concentrations at 25 °C. Various surface properties of the synthesized surfactants were evaluated, particularly the critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (πCMC), efficiency (PC20) as well as the maximum surface excess (Γmax) and minimum surface area (Amin). Also, the micellization and adsorption at liquid/air interfaces were investigated. The synthesized cationic surfactants were evaluated for their biocidal activity. Good antibacterial and antifungal activities were recorded against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 25922), followed by Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 23282, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145), yeast (Candida albicans IMRU 3669) and filamentous fungus (Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404).
Microstructural Design of Bi2Te3- In2Te3 Thermoelectric Composites
Authors: Liu D. , Rettenmayr M.
Published: July 2016

Internal interfaces are known to play a key role for the performance of thermoelectric materials. In the present work, structures with high interface densities consisting of alternating Bi2Te3 and In2Te3 layers with varying thickness and distance have been generated by two processes. First In2Te3 was precipitated from a supersaturated Bi2Te3 matrix. Second, layered structures were generated by directional solidification of hypoeutectic and eutectic alloys, demonstrating the variability of structures with high interface densities and anisotropy that can be generated by up-to-date solidification and phase transformation techniques. The resulting microstructures have a high potential to reduce the thermal conductivity while retaining a high electric conductivity.
Einführung in das Schwerpunktthemenheft. Eltern, Kind, Schule – ein kompliziertes Verhältnis?
Authors: Walper Sabine
Published: July 2016

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