bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attribute Based Signature Architecture for Transferring Digital Document
Authors: Panse Trishna , Panse Prashant
Published: July 2022

Authentication and cryptosystems are two examples of methods for ensuring user identification and data confidentiality. Because of its one-way nature, hashing is used to verify the identity and accuracy of data travelling across an open medium. It detects unlawful modifications and changes made to transmissions. Digital signature, which deals with document uniqueness and creator oneness, are a well-known application of hashing. It is updated by adding more information about the users' attributes and is classified as an attribute-based signature (ABS). We investigated various past approaches to the ABS phenomena and discovered certain unsolved challenges, resulting in a solution that decreases the difficulty level, utilization, and operating expense coupled with signature creation and confirmation. For focusing the method of digital signatures using elements and their first order logic, we suggested a unique Attribute Based Signature Architecture for Transferring Digital Document. The system includes flexible primitives that give signing parties complete control over signature generation as well as policy-based access security constraints. It has a message-based first order logic and protects the secrecy of signatures. After examining the technique logically, various benefits were discovered, which will be confirmed soon by the implementation solution over the recommended framework under the specified key.
Trajectory tracking control for quadrotor based on time-varying threshold event-triggered extended state observer
Authors: Chen Junyu , Li Tieshan , Long Yue , Chen C.L. Philip
Published: July 2022

Considering the problems of unknown external disturbances and parametric uncertainties in trajectory tracking of a quadrotor, a backstepping control method based on time-varying threshold event-triggered extended state observer (TETESO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to facilitate the controller design, the quadrotor system is divided into the position subsystem and the attitude subsystem. Secondly, a TETESO which can observe the unmeasurable states and the total disturbance as well as reduce the unnecessary communication resources between sensor and observer is proposed. It is proved that the observation errors are bounded, and Zeno behavior is avoided. Thirdly, a new controller synthesized by the proposed TETESO and the backstepping control method is designed for the position subsystem and the attitude subsystem. To address “differential explosion” problem in backstepping control method, a nonlinear differentiator with lead compensation is used in the controller. Moreover, the stability analysis of the closed-loop system is proved and the proposed controller can ensure the ultimate
Modelling extreme rainfall with Block Maxima and Peak-Over Threshold methods in Rwanda
Authors: Safari Bonfils
Published: July 2022

In this study two fundamental approaches of extreme value theory (EVT) were applied on the extreme precipitation incidents over twelve synoptic stations of Rwanda: the Block Maxima (BM) and the Peak-Over Threshold (POT). Annual maximum rainfall series (AMS) and partial duration rainfall series (PDS) higher than a selected threshold were fitted respectively to the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution and the Generalized Pareto (GP) distribution at each station. Four methods were used for the estimation of the parameters of the GEV and the GP distributions: the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method, the L-Moments Estimation (LME) method, the Bayesian Estimation (BAYE) method and the Generalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation (GMLE) method. The performances of those methods were analyzed and compared for best fitting the data based on goodness-of-fit tests. It was found that in general, those methods are suitable for the two distributions at the sites considered in Rwanda with slight differences in estimated return levels and their confidence intervals. However, the MLE and LME methods perform better than the other methods for the GEV distributions whereas for the GP distribution it is the BAYE method. Return levels of extreme rainfalls with their 95% confidence intervals were computed for return periods of 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 years. It was found that using the selected parameterization methods, the GP distribution presents higher return levels than GEV distribution for all stations Those methods can therefore be recommended as best parametric methods for estimating extreme rainfall in Rwanda using EVT.
Transformation of amides to thioamides using efficient and novel thiating reagent
Authors: Fathalla Walid , Anany Gaber El , Ali Ibrahim A. I. , Rayes Samir El
Published: July 2022

Convenient protocol was developed for the transformation of N-aryl substituted benzamides to N-aryl substituted benzothioamides using N-isopropyldithiocarbamate isopropyl ammonium salt as a novel thiating reagent. The major advantages of this protocol are one-pot procedure, short reaction times, mild conditions, simple work up, high yields and pure products.
Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans with systemic involvement: a case report
Authors: Keow Jonathan , Ayoub Abdul Rahman , Chin-Yee Benjamin , Hsia Cyrus , Lai Jonathan , Shepherd Jessica , Robertson Kara
Published: July 2022

Background: Telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans (TMEP) is a rare form of cutaneous mastocytosis which usually presents as ill-defined reddish brown telangiectatic macules. Although cutaneous mastocytosis rarely presents with systemic involvement, almost half of patients with TMEP demonstrate systemic mastocytosis. Currently, there is no guidance surrounding systemic testing in patients with TMEP. Case presentation: A 50-year-old Caucasian male was referred to the Clinical Immunology and Allergy clinic with a history of a rash. He initially presented to hospital 12 years prior with group A beta hemolytic streptococcus bacteremia treated with multiple different antibiotics. One week following discharge, he developed erythematous brown spots on his right leg which were flat, non-pruritic and not painful. The rash later expanded to his trunk and extremities. A skin biopsy performed two years prior to referral to our clinic demonstrated telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans. The CD117 immunohistochemical stain showed increased perivascular and interstitial mast cells in the superficial dermis. Darier’s sign was negative on physical examination, and venom testing was also negative. Although he had no symptoms of systemic involvement, a serum tryptase was elevated at 47.6 ng/mL in the context of normal kidney and liver function. A skeletal survey was normal and an abdominal ultrasound ruled-out splenomegaly. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrated a mild increase in paratrabecular and perivascular atypical mast cells, in keeping with systemic mastocytosis.Conclusions: Unlike other forms of cutaneous mastocytosis, patients with TMEP have a high likelihood of an underlying systemic mast cell disorder. Therefore, any patient presenting with characteristic skin findings should be investigated as having a cutaneous manifestation of systemic mastocytosis. This case demonstrates the utility of serum tryptase, and its role in triggering additional investigations and guiding appropriate therapy.
T2-FLAIR Mismatch Sign and Nimotuzumab Therapy in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas
Authors: Vural Ozge , Yazol Merve , Turkcan Büşra Topuz , Okur Arzu , Börcek Alp Özgün , Pınarlı Faruk Güçlü , Karadeniz Ceyda
Published: July 2022

Purpose
In this study, we retrospectively investigated the clinical and radiological features, the importance of the T2-FLAIR mismatch marker and the response to treatment of patients diagnosed with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) in our center.
Methods
Eighteen patients treated with a diagnosis of DIPG between January 2008 and January 2021 in Gazi University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Oncology were retrospectively evaluated. The evaluation was made as T2-FLAIR mismatch sign positive or negative. After a tumor board review, the diagnosis of DIPG was made clinically and radiologically and all patients received local radiotherapy. Nimotuzumab was given as monotherapy or in combination with other medications
Results
Twelve patients had the characteristics T2-FLAIR mismatch sign and median OS for patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch positive and negative were 12.5 months and 9.2 months respectively (p = 0.77). Median PFS for patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign positive and negative were 10.6 months and 4.8 months respectively (p = 0.84). After nimotuzumab therapy, there was 4 cases with PR (44.4%), and 1 patient with SD (11.1%). Median OS for patients who were treated with and without nimotuzumab were 16.5 and 6.2 months respectively (p < 0.05). Median PFS for patients who were treated with and without nimotuzumab were 13.3 and 3.7 months respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
In conclusion, DIPGs have poor prognosis, T2-FLAIR mismatch sign may be an imaging marker for prognosis that patients with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign had a somewhat better prognosis in our study. Nimotuzumab therapy may be a promising treatment option for DIPG.
Prediction of volcanic ash concentrations in ash clouds based on an atmospheric transport model and the Japanese meteorological satellite Himawari-8; a case study for the Kirishima-Shinmoedake eruption on April 4th 2018
Authors: Ishii Kensuke , Hayashi Masahiro , Ishimoto Hiroshi , Shimbori Toshiki
Published: July 2022

Prediction of ash concentrations in volcanic ash clouds for the Kirishima-Shinmoedake eruption on April 4th, 2018 is performed on the basis of an atmospheric transport model and the Japanese meteorological satellite Himawari-8. The retrieval algorithm for Himawari-8 (referred to as the "Optimal Volcanic Ash Algorithm", OVAA) provides two-dimensional properties of volcanic ash clouds such as cloud heights and total column mass loading, whereas it does not provide ash cloud thickness which is required to make an initial condition for the atmospheric transport model. In order to estimate ash cloud thickness, here, a wind shear index is introduced. The wind shear index includes an empirical constant parameter Tc; a small value of Tc leads to thick ash clouds, whereas a large value of Tc leads to thin ash clouds. In this study, the value of Tc is optimized empirically in the following two ways; (1) a comparison between the total column mass loadings in the prediction and that in the OVAA estimation, and (2) a comparison between the estimated ash cloud thickness and the observed ash cloud thickness by lidar measurements. These two comparisons suggest the optimal value of Tc is 0.5-0.6, and then, the uncertainty of the ash clouds thickness estimation to be ~600 [m]. The ash concentrations prediction for Tc=0.6 provides areas of high contamination (>4 [mg/m3]) and low contamination (<2 [mg/m3]). This classification of ash concentration in ash clouds has been required by the aviation industry, and is helpful information to assess safe areas and routes for airline operations.
HPV18-E6 promotes tumor cell migration by down regulating Toll-like receptors in cancer microenvironment
Authors: Zhou Fangyan , Lu Yuwen , Wu Jianming , Xu Yunsheng , Chen Shisheng
Published: July 2022

Background: To explore the underlying mechanism of the regulatory effect of HPV-associated cancer cells on immune cells of the cervical cancer microenvironment. Methods: Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) were obtained from primary mouse bone marrow cells, which were induced in 500 ng/mL LPS for 18 h to get mature dendritic cells (mDCs). DCs were then identified by measuring CD11c, CD80 and CD86 by flow cytometry. Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 in imDCs and mDCs were examined by Western blot. H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 or Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA were co-cultured with mDCs for 24 h, followed by protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7, cell apoptosis and migration. Results: Protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were significantly higher in mDCs than in imDCs. A higher migratory rate and higher protein levels of TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 were detected in H8 cells transfected with shHPV18-E6 co-cultured with mDCs than those of controls; While the opposite results were detected in Hela cells transfected with HPV18-E6 siRNA that were co-cultured with mDCs. Conclusion: TLR3, TLR4 and TLR7 are upregulated in mDCs. HPV18-E6 mediates immune cells in the cervical cancer microenvironment via regulating Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby achieving immune escape and promoting the migration of cervical cancer cells.
Probing Chirality of Crystals using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy
Authors: Otis Gil , Aias Denial , Grinberg Ilya , Ruthstein Sharon , Mastai Yitzhak
Published: July 2022

One of the most challenging tasks in analytical chemistry is the determination of the chirality (identification of an enantio-meric composition) in solids mainly because of the strict requirements of the pharmaceutical industry for enantiomerically pure drugs. Although there are a few methods available to accomplish enantio-differentiation in solids, for example: X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), CD spectroscopy, and low-frequency (LF) Raman spectroscopy, this is still very challenging. In this work, we have developed a new method to measure the chirality of crystals, based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of chiral crystals doped with Cu2+ as the EPR active ion. Here, we demonstrate our approach using a model system of L- and DL-Histidine crystals doped with Cu2+. We show that EPR measurements of the Cu2+-doped Histidine crystals can accurately determine the chirality and enantiomeric composition of the crystals. We present a very preliminary example of this technique, and we hope that in the future it will be possible to refine and develop this method for many other chiral organic crystal systems.
The prevalence and the quality of spirometry and the impact of spirometry training in Hunan,China
Authors: Dai Zhongshang , Jiang Fen , Cao Jun , Cai Shan
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Despite the lack of data, it is believed that spirometry is underutilized in general practice. The aim of the present study was to explore the quality of spirometry and the impact of education on it by investigating the distribution and utilization of spirometry among different levels of public hospitals ( PHs ) in Hunan, south of China.
Methods
Research assistants interviewed all PHs to confirm the situation of spirometry ownership, use and training. Then collected 20 consecutive reports of pulmonary ventilation test reports (PVTRs) and basal information of those PHs which owned spirometry. To measure the effect of education, 28 randomly selected 2nd level PHs randomized to intervention and control group ( 14:14 ). One technicians was randomly selected to participate from each hospitals. Intervention group received one-day education which included face-to-face lectures and a hand-by-hand operation training course, control group received usual care. PVTRs were investigated 3 months after the intervention. All PVTRs were classified to grade A, B, C, D and F according to the Chinese PVT guidelines.
Results
We received 460 responses from 460 PHs with a recovery rate of 100%. The spirometry-equipped ratio was 1.6% (2/129) at 1st level, 39.0% (105/269) at 2nd level, 100.0% (62/62) at 3rd level PHs in Hunan. There were 100.0% (2/2), 91.4% (96/105) and 93.5% (58/62) utilization rate at 1st, 2nd and 3rd level PHs. Common reasons for not owning a spirometer were equipment cost (45%) and insufficient remuneration (38%). Lack of knowledge about spirometry (35%) and inadequate benefits (30%) were the top two reasons for low utilization rate. We received 3120 PVTRs from 156 PHs which used spirometry, a total of 50.4% (1574/3120) PVTRs got grade A, in which 33.3% (639/1920) at 2nd level PHs, and 79.1% (917/1160) at 3rd level PHs. Meanwhile a total of 27.6% (862/3120) PVTRs were judged as unreliable, in which 38.8% (745/1920) at 2nd level PHs, 8.7% (101/1160) at 3rd level PHs. Formal spirometry training wasn’t ever received through courses run by official organizations at 1st and 2nd level PHs. The technicians’ knowledge improved after education (8.6 ± 1.1 vs 9.8 ± 0.6) (P = 0.000). And 75.0% PVTRs got A grade in the intervention group, which was significantly higher than those in the control group ( 37.9%, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The equipment ratio and the utilization rate of spirometry is still low and imbalanced among three levels PHs in Hunan. The quality of spirometry performed did not generally satisfy full acceptability and reproducibility criteria of Chinese guidelines. Educational program was useful to improve the quality of spirometry. This study serve to emphasize reasonable resources allocation and more comprehensive training in spirometry is needed in China.
Photodimerization Induced Hierarchical and Asymmetric Iontronic Micropatterns
Authors: Wang Zehong , Li Tiantian , Chen Yixiang , Li Jin , Ma Xiaodong , Yin Jie , Jiang Xuesong
Published: July 2022

Micropatterning various ions-based modality materials offers compelling advantages for their functionality enhancement in iontronic pressure sensing, piezoionic mechanoreception, and skin-interfaced electrode adhesion. However, most existing patterning techniques for iontronic materials suffer from low flexibility and limited modulation capability. Herein, we propose a facile and robust method to fabricate hierarchical and asymmetrical iontronic micropatterns (denoted as HAIM) through programmed regulation of the internal stress distribution and the local ionic migration among an iontronic host. The resultant primary patterns and secondary wrinkles with arbitrary regulated morphology and region-dependent ionic electrical performance can be readily made upon iontronic host via localized photodimerization of anthracene-functionalized ionic liquid copolymer (denoted as An-PIL) and subsequently vapor oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT). By controlling the local secretion of room temperature ionic liquid (denoted as IL) droplets and subsequently doping into the resultant PEDOT, it was possible to modulate the surface conductivity as well as the potential gradients of the HAIM. Taking the spatiotemporal advantages of light, heat, and vapor, the morphology and electrical performance of HAIM can be modulated by programmed exposure with photomask and polymerization time. Besides, based on the piezoionic effect within the resultant IL-doped PEDOT, the HAIM can serve as a scalable iontronic potential generator. The successful synthesis of these fascinating micropatterns may provide new insights into the development of patterned iontronic materials in a flexible, programmable, and functionally adaptive form.
Experiences of activity monitoring and perceptions of mobile Health among working individuals with hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Östlind Elin , Hansson Eva , Eek Frida , Stigmar Kjerstin
Published: July 2022

Background Mobile health and wearable activity trackers (WATs) could support physical activity (PA) in individuals with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), but little is described regarding experiences and perceptions of digital support and the use of WAT to self-monitor PA. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences of using a WAT to monitor PA and the general perceptions of digital support in OA care among individuals of working age with hip and knee OA. Methods We did a focus group study where individuals with hip and knee OA (n=18) were recruited from the intervention group in a cluster-randomized controlled trial (C-RCT). The intervention in the C-RCT comprised of 12-weeks use of a WAT with a mobile application to monitor PA in addition to participating in a supported osteoarthritis self-management program. In this study, three focus group discussions were conducted. The discussions were transcribed and qualitive content analysis with an inductive approach was applied.Results The analysis resulted in two main categories: A WAT may aid in optimization of PA, but is not a panacea with subcategories WATs facilitate PA; Increased awareness of one’s limitations and WATs are not always encouraging, and the second main category was Digital support is an appreciated part of OA care with subcategories Individualized, early and continuous support; Physiotherapy is essential but needs to be modernized and Easy, comprehensive, and reliable digital support. Conclusion WATs may facilitate PA but also aid individuals with OA to find the optimal level of activity to avoid increased pain. Digital support in OA care was appreciated, particularly as a part of traditional care with physical visits. The participants expressed that the digital support should be easy, comprehensive, early, and continuous.
Choosing the right tool: Leveraging of plant genetic resources in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) benefits from selection of a suitable genomic prediction model
Authors: Berkner Marcel O. , Schulthess Albert W. , Zhao Yusheng , Jiang Yong , Oppermann Markus , Reif Jochen C.
Published: July 2022

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other species of the Triticum genus are well represented in genebank collections worldwide. The large genetic diversity harbored by more than 850,000 accessions can be explored for the exploitation in modern breeding programs. Shortcomings in the characterization of accession which limit their use so far might be overcome by engaging genomic prediction. The present report aimed to compare ten different genomic prediction approaches for the prediction of four traits, namely flowering time, plant height, thousand grain weight, and yellow rust resistance, in a diverse set of 7,745 accession samples from Germany’s Federal ex situ genebank at IPK Gatersleben. Approaches were evaluated based on the prediction ability and for the robustness when facing strong population structure. The authors propose the wide application of EG-BLUP due to the observed benefit of incorporating additive-by-additive epistasis. Accounting for subpopulation-specific marker-effects with GSA-RRBLUP was shown to be a good option if contrasting clusters are encountered in the analyzed collection. In general, the trait’s genetic architecture as well as the composition and the relation of training set and test set were revealed as major driving factor in genomic prediction.
A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness: effects on university students’ mental health
Authors: Gallo Giovana Gonçalves , Curado Daniela Fernandez , Machado Mayra Pires Alves , Espíndola Marília Ignácio , Scattone Vitor Villar , Noto Ana Regina
Published: July 2022

The development of mental health disorders is common in the university population, and mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) seem to be effective in addressing them in different contexts. Thus, this study investigated the impact of MBIs on different symptoms related to mental health problems. University students (n = 136) were randomized into MBI group or wait-list group. All participants completed self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention, and the experimental group answered questionnaires every week during intervention. Generalized mixed models were used to assess the effects of the intervention, which were improvements in symptoms of stress (B = 5.76,p < 0.001), depression (B = 1.55,p < 0.01) and insomnia (B = 1.35,p = 0.020). No effect was found in respect of trait anxiety. The MBI was found to be effective in reducing important symptoms related to university students’ mental health, grounding the use of this intervention to improve it, and suggesting that it may be used to prevent the development of mental disorders.
Association between in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer and hearing loss: risk factors of hearing loss among twin infants in a cohort study
Authors: Yin Jinghua , Su Yu , Siyuan Linpeng , Yin Fei , Wang Weidong , Deng Fengliang , Wang Taosha
Published: July 2022

Purpose:Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), are recognized contributing higher risk of birth defect, whereas rare studies evaluate the association of IVF-ET with diagnostic hearing loss (HL). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of HL to clarify the association between IVF-ET and HL among twinborn infants.Methods:We enrolled 1860 live-born twin neonates born in hospital of China from January, 2017 to December, 2020. After examined by two-step hearing screening, participants were finally diagnosed with HL by pediatric audiologists at age of 6 months. Prevalence of hearing loss and odds ratio (OR) for specific risk factors was estimated with generalized estimation equations (GEE) model in twin-born infants. Characteristics and prevalence of failure for hearing screening and HL was measured in IVF-ET twin infants.Results:IVF-ET conception and preterm birth conferred higher risk for hearing loss, with increased adjusted odd ratios (AOR [95% confidence intervals (CI)] IVF-ET: 2.82 [1.17-6.80], P = 0.021; preterm birth: 6.14 [2.30-16.40], P < 0.001). Among 1860 twin infants, more IVF-ET twins failed in dual-step hearing screening (3.26%) and diagnosed with hearing loss (2.21%) compared with spontaneous pregnancy.Conclusions:IVF-ET and premature birth conception were associated with higher risk of hearing impairment. Twin infants conceived by IVF-ET tend to fail in hearing screening and diagnosed with hearing loss. These observations provide a more comprehensive approach for prevention and management of deafness in twin-born children.
Construction and functional enrichment analysis of CeRNA regulatory network for NAION based on high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Zhang meng , Wang xinling
Published: July 2022

Background: Based on the transcriptome high-throughput sequencing of non arteritis anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, this study constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network , enriched and analyzed it, screened lncRNA and circRNA that may participate in the competitive endogenous mechanism in NAION, and inferred its function. Methods: 4ml peripheral blood of NAION patients and control group were extracted from clinical samples, and the transcriptome high-throughput sequencing was performed, and the sequencing data were visualized; Based on the principle of CeRNA network, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction axis and circrna-miRNA-mRNA interaction axis were constructed respectively; The differentially expressed genes in the interaction axis were enriched and analyzed by GO and KEGG, and the functions and signal pathways of lncRNA and circRNA in the interaction network were speculated. Results: 51 circRNAs were differentially expressed in the sequencing data: 25 were up-regulated and 26 were down-regulated; There were 996 differentially expressed lncRNAs: 317 were up-regulated and 679 were down-regulated; 1161 differentially expressed mRNAs: 698 were up-regulated and 463 were down-regulated. 33 differentially expressed miRNAs, up-regulated mirna18 and down-regulated 15. After screening, the co-expressed 13 mRNAs, 15 lncRNAs and 3 miRNAs were finally constructed in lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network and the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network were constructed by 159 mRNAs, 26 miRNAs and 34 circRNAs. In the lncRNA network , GO enrichment analysis obtained 182 biological processes, 12 cell components and 38 molecular functions, which are mainly related to the activity regulation of proteins and enzymes such as cyclic nucleotide dependent protein kinase activity and magnesium ion dependent protein serine / threonine phosphatase activity. KEGG analysis mainly involves FOXO signal pathway, Apelin signal pathway, etc. In the result of circRNA enrichment, 353 biological processes, 52 cell components and 45 molecular functions were obtained, mainly involving calcium channel regulation, neutrophil activation, mRNA transport and metabolism. KEGG mainly involves Wnt signaling pathway, Apelin signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, oxytocin signaling pathway, etc. Conclusion: This paper provides a new idea for lncRNA and circRNA to mediate the occurrence and development of NAION through CeRNA mechanism. It lays a foundation for the in-depth study of pathogenesis of NAION.
Comparison of three fundus inspection methods during phacoemulsification in patients with diabetic white cataract
Authors: Su Shu , Wu Jian , Ji Min , Guan Yu , Shen Yao , Guan Huaijin
Published: July 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether Wild Field Imaging System (WFIS SW-8000), 25G endoilluminator, and intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) can perform real-time screening and diagnosing in patients with suspicious diabetic retinopathy during phacoemulsification, especially in cases of white cataract that obscures the preoperative view of the retina.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 204 dense diabetic cataractous eyes of 204 patients with suspected diabetic retinopathy treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from April 2020 to March 2021 were included. Lens phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation was performed. Following the removal of the lens opacity, the 25G endoilluminator, fundus photography, and iOCT were performed successively. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and/or fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were used to verify the fundus findings postoperatively. Intraoperative and postoperative results were compared to verify the accuracy of intraoperative diagnosis in each group.Results: Intraoperative and postoperative examinations revealed 58 and 62 eyes with diabetic retinopathy, respectively (positive rate, 28.43% and 30.39%, respectively). During the phacoemulsification, WFIS SW-8000 detected 44 eyes with diabetic retinopathy (the detection rate, 70.97%); 25G endoilluminator found 56 eyes with diabetic retinopathy (the detection rate, 90.32%); iOCT found 46 eyes with diabetic retinopathy (the detection rate, 74.19%); and 58 eyes with diabetic retinopathy were found by combining the three methods (the detection rate, 93.55%). There were statistically significant differences in the diagnostic sensitivity for diabetic retinopathy among the methods (χ2=16.36, P=0.001).Conclusions: WFIS SW-8000, 25G endoilluminator, iOCT, and especially their combination can be used to inspect the fundus and detect diabetic retinopathy intraoperatively; they are helpful for the timely diagnosis and treatment of retinopathy in patients with dense cataract.
Maternal HDL-c levels are associated with preterm birth and small for gestational age: A prospective study in China
Authors: Chen Cong , Feng Qiuyu , Yang Mengtong , Chen Sijia , Sun Hong , Zhang Yiqi , Pu Shihan , Chen Hong , Su Danping , Guo Yishan , Zeng Guo
Published: July 2022

Background: Evidence suggests that maternal HDL-c levels are associated with preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA). However, existing evidence remains controversial. We aimed to explore the associations of maternal HDL-c levels with PTB and SGA in China.Method: A prospective study that included 1068 pregnant women was conducted in 2017. The concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were analyzed in early, middle, and late pregnancy as continuous variables and categorical variables (by percentile groups). Data on gestational age, as well as the weight and length of the neonates were recorded after delivery. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between maternal HDL-c levels and PTB and SGA. Result:PTB and SGA occurred in 3.0% and 8.1% of births. Mean maternal HDL-c levels in early pregnancy was equal to that in middle pregnancy (1.67 vs. 1.66 mmol/L, p = 0.309), but decreased slightly from middle pregnancy to late pregnancy (1.66 vs. 1.52mmol/L, p < 0.001). In middle pregnancy, every unit elevation of HDL-c was positively associated with SGA (OR = 2.57, 95 % CI: 1.23-5.35). In late pregnancy, every unit elevation of HDL-c reduced the risk of PTB (OR = 0.12, 95 % CI: 0.03-0.58), but increased the risk of SGA (OR = 2.59, 95 % CI: 1.22-5.47). In early pregnancy, low (<25th percentile) HDL-c was positively associated with PTB (OR = 2.56, 95 % CI: 1.11-5.09), and high (>75th percentile) HDL-c was positively associated with SGA (OR = 2.92, 95 % CI: 1.69-5.04), compared with referent (25th-75th percentile) HDL-c.Conclusion:Maternal high levels of HDL-c could reduce the risk of PTB but increase the risk of SGA. There may exist appropriate reference range for maternal HDL-c in early pregnancy. Maternal HDL-c levels should be monitored regularly during pregnancy to decrease adverse perinatal outcomes.
Rapid and precise identification of bloodstream infections using a pre-treatment protocol combined with high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system
Authors: Zhang Jinghao , Yang Feng , Sun Zhaoyang , Fang Yi , Zhu Haowei , Zhang Dijun , Zeng Xianping , Liu Wenjian , Liu Tao , Liu Yixin , Chi Wenjing , Wang Su , Ding Li , Wu Yong , Zhang Yanmei , Zhao Hu
Published: July 2022

Background
Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of BSI is critical to avoid unnecessary application of antimicrobial agents and for proper treatment. However, the current standard methods based on blood culture are time-consuming, thus failing to provide timely etiological diagnosis of BSI, and common PCR-based detection might be inhibited by matrix components.
Methods
The current study explored an integrated pre-analytical treatment protocol for whole blood samples, wherein pathogens are enriched and purified by incubation and concentration, and inhibitors are inactivated and removed. Further, this study developed and evaluated a novel high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system (HMGS) to detect 24 of the most clinically prevalent BSI pathogens in blood culture samples as well as pre-treated whole blood samples. The specificity and sensitivity were evaluated using related reference strains and quantified bacterial/fungal suspensions. The clinical utility of BSI-HMGS combined with the pre-analytical treatment protocol was verified using blood cultures and whole blood samples.
Results
The combined pre-treatment protocol and BSI-HMGS was highly specific for target pathogens and possessed a low detection limit for clinical whole blood samples. The pre-treatment protocol could deplete the PCR inhibitors effectively. For blood culture samples, the current method showed 100.0% negative percent agreements and > 87.5% positive percent agreements compared to the reference results based on blood culture findings. For whole blood samples, the current method showed 100.0% negative percent agreements and > 80.0% positive percent agreements compared to the reference results for most pathogens. The turnaround time was ≤ 8 h and all the procedures could be conducted in a general clinical laboratory.
Conclusion
The BSI-HMGS combined with the pre-treatment protocol was a practical and promising method for early and precise detection of BSIs, especially for the areas without access to advanced medical facilities.
The Dyslexia-associated gene KIAA0319L is involved in neuronal migration in the developing chick visual system
Authors: Charish Jason , Harada Hidekiyo , Chen Xiaoyan , Wälchli Thomas , Barr Cathy L. , Monnier Philippe
Published: July 2022

The gene KIAA0319-Like ( KIAA0319L ) is thought to confer susceptibility for developmental dyslexia. Dyslexia can be caused by defects in neuronal migration, however, studies done in KIAA0319L knock-out mice did not reveal any neuronal migration phenotype. Gene knock out may activate compensatory mechanisms to buffer against genetic mutations. Here we re-assessed the role of KIAA0319L on migrating neurons in the chick developing tectum. Whole mount in situ hybridization was performed for KIAA0319L on embryonic day (E)3 – E5 chick embryos and in situ hybridization on sections was performed at later stages. Engineered microRNA (miRNA) constructs targeting KIAA0319L were prepared and their specificity and efficiency for knocking down KIAA0319L were tested. miRNAs were electroporated in E5 chick optic tecta (OT). Our studies demonstrate that KIAA0319L is expressed in the developing chick visual system as well as the otic vescicles. Knockdown of KIAA0319L in the OT results in abnormal neuronal migration, strengthening the argument that KIAA0319L is involved in this developmental process.
High expression of IFITM2 in gastric cancer is related to poor prognosis
Authors: Liu Yonggang , Li Xi , Huang Junyong , Huang Jiangyuan , Zhu Qiaohua , Wang Jiale , Luo Meihua
Published: July 2022

Introduction IFITM2 (interferon-induced transmembrane protein 2) is involved in the repression of viral infection. Recently, IFITM2 was found to be highly expressed in multiple cancers. However, the possible roles of IFITM2 in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclarified. In this research, we determined the expression of IFITM2 and its relationship with clinical outcome in GC.Methods The original data retrieved from bioinformatics databases were integrated by R package v3.6.2. The expression of IFITM2 in GC was explored by online databases of UALCAN. Immunohistochemistry staining and molecular analysis were conducted to validate IFITM2 expression in human GC cells and clinical specimens. The association between IFITM2 and clinicopathological features were analyzed by univariate/multivariate Cox regression. The prognostic significance of IFITM2 gene expression in the TCGA-STAD and GEO database were evaluated by TIMER and Kaplan-Meier Plotter tool. The relationships between IFITM2 and immune tumor characteristics were analyzed with TIMER 2.0. The biological function of IFITM2 were analyzed by GSEA. IFITM2-specific siRNA was employed to confirm the roles of IFITM2 in cell migration and wound healing.Results IFITM2 was over-expressed in GC and contributed to poor prognosis. High IFITM2 expression in GC was obviously related to T stage, distant metastasis, higher histologic grade. IFITM2 was a significant risk factor influencing the survival of GC patients. High IFITM2 expression was positively associated related to immune-infiltrating cells. The Cytokine-Cytokine-Receptor-Interaction pathway was remarkably enriched by IFITM2 upregulation. IFITM2 knockdown was found to significantly reduce the ability of cell migration and scratch repair.Conclusion IFITM2 is over-expressed in GC and affects the prognosis of GC patients. IFITM2 may act as a novel prognostic biomarker for GC patients.
Attempts to quit smoking, use of smoking cessation methods, and associations with person characteristics among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kastaun Sabrina , Pashutina Yekaterina , Kotz Daniel
Published: July 2022

IntroductionWe explored past-year quit attempts, cessation methods used, and associations with person characteristics among smoking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Germany.MethodsCross-sectional survey data of 509 past-year smokers (current smokers and ≤12 months abstinent) with spirometry-confirmed COPD from 19 pulmonary primary care practices were used. Associations were explored between sociodemographic characteristics, lung function, urges to smoke, psychological distress, and ≥1 past-year quit attempt (yes/no)/use of ≥1 evidence-based cessation method (yes/no). ResultsOf all patients, 48.5% (n=247) reported ≥1 past-year quit attempt. Male gender was positively and time spent with urges to smoke was negatively associated with such attempt. One third used ≥1 evidence-based cessation method. Strength of urges to smoke was positively associated with such use. Combined behavioural-pharmacological therapy was used by 4.0%. Electronic cigarettes were used most frequently (21.5%). ConclusionsQuit attempt prevalence among smoking COPD patients in Germany pulmonary primary care is high, but only a small proportion of them support their attempt with treatments as recommended in clinical guidelines.
Diagnostic value of spiral CT energy spectrum imaging in pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen weibin , Li zemao , Kang liqing
Published: July 2022

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of CT energy spectrum imaging in predicting preoperative pathological differentiation of colorectal cancer patients.Methods: From 2019 September to 2021 November, a retrospective study was performed for the eighty-two patients with colorectal cancer through preoperative colonoscopy or surgical pathology confirmed in our hospital. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into middle and high differentiation group (62 cases) and low differentiation group (20 cases). GE Revolution CT scanner was used to scan the patients with energy spectrum imaging, in the arterial and venous phase, it measured and recorded the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev and various energy spectrum parameters of lymph nodes around the lesions. And statistically analyze the above indices.Result: in arterial phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group (all P <0.05); IC, NIC and λ of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 140kev were less than 0.800. The AUC of IC and NIC were 0.800 and 0.828 respectively; the highest AUC of the combination of IC and NIC was 0.850. in venous phase: the single energy CT values from 40kev to 130kev in the low differentiation group were higher than those in the medium and high differentiation group(all P<0.05), and IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z of colorectal cancer in low differentiation group were higher than that in the medium and high differentiation group(all<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev were higher than 0.800. The AUC of IC, NIC, λ and Eff-Z were 0.927, 0.882, 0.859 and 0.863 respectively; the parameters were combined in pairs, IC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.934. Three parameters were combined, IC, NIC and λ achieved the highest AUC, and the highest AUC was 0.942, the combined AUC of the four was 0.943. Compared with the arterial phase, the single energy CT values from 40kev to 90kev and energy spectrum parameters in venous phase had better diagnostic efficacy in predicting different degrees of differentiation of colorectal cancer.Conclusion: energy spectrum CT imaging can better predict the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer before operation and provide imaging basis for clinicians.
Participation Intention and Needs of Older people towards First Aid Training--A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yin Guo , Lin Siting , Chen Linghui
Published: July 2022

Background
Older people are at high risk of accidental injuries, sudden diseases and other adverse events. First aid skills for older people can enable them to rescue themselves in times of crisis and avoid disability and death. This study aimed to explore Chinese older people's participation intentions and needs towards first aid skills training.
Methods
This study used phenomenological methods in qualitative research. A total of 28 older people were interviewed from November 2021 to February 2022. The data were analyzed by using Colaizzi content analysis methods.
Results
Three themes were extracted from the interview data: First aid training participation intention; First aid training participation barriers; First aid training recommendations.
Conclusion
Older people have a strong intention to participate in first aid training. First aid training is feasible for older people, but the first aid training content and plans should be formulated according to their physical and mental characteristics, as well as their needs.
Phenotypic Characterization of Bipolaris oryzae in Fogera Plain, Ethiopia
Authors: Ejigu Muluadam Berhan , Admasu Merkuz Abera , Feyissa Birhanu Bekele
Published: July 2022

Rice (Oryzae sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops on which an ever-increasing population is dependent for food globally. However, constraints associated with infectious diseases, notably brown spot transmitted by seed and wind reduced its production and productivity. This study was, therefore, conducted with the aim of morphological characterization of Bipolaris oryzae, the causal pathogen of brown spot isolates and screening its resistant Lowland rice pipelines under natural infestation rain-fed conditions in Fogera plains of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Twenty-nine Bipolaris oryzae isolates were collected from Dera, Fogera, and Libokemkem districts and characterized morphologically at the Ambo Agricultural Research Center plant pathology laboratory. These isolates were grouped into nine categories on their colony morphology and growth pattern. Fast, moderate and slow mycelial growth habits were also observed in 29 isolates with varied conidia size and sporulation rates. All tested genotypes and isolates were clustered into four groups and strong correlations were observed between various parameters. However, it is advised to identify inherent resistance genes of the above lines in combination with the pathogen genetic characteristics for fruitful management recommendations.
Star-shaped incision technique for gingiva patients treated with implant-supported fixed prosthesis
Authors: Luo Wen , Kuang Huifang , Wang Jinrong , Zheng Kaiyue , Li Zhixin , Qu Yili , Man Yi , Wu Yingying
Published: July 2022

Background: To evaluate the modified star-shaped incision on gingival sulcus for reducing horizontal food impaction around implant-supported restoration.Methods: Total 24 patients receiving bone-level implant placement were enrolled, a star-shaped incision was made on the gingiva sulcus before the placement of zirconia crown. Follow-up examination was carried out 3 and 6 months after final restoration, respectively. Assessment of soft tissue includes papilla height, modified plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, periodontal depth, gingival biotype and gingival margin level. Marginal bone level was measured on periapical radiographs. Results: Only 1 patient complained about the horizontal food impaction. Both the mesial and distal papilla almost filled the entire proximal space, in good harmony with the adjacent papillae. No recession of the gingival margin was found around the crown even in the patients with thin gingival biotype. Other parameters of soft tissue including modified plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index and periodontal depth remained low during the whole follow-up visit. The resorption of marginal crestal bone was less than 0.6 mm during the first 6 month, and there was no significant difference among baseline, 3-month and 6-month visit. Conclusion: The modified star-shaped incision on the gingiva sulcus maintained the gingival papilla height and reduced the occurrence of horizontal food impaction, and no recession of the gingiva margin was found around implant-supported restoration.