bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Padronização de método de concentração e extração de ácidos nucleicos em amostras de esgoto sanitário: uma ferramenta de baixo custo para ser utilizada na vigilância epidemiológica de SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cabral Aline Diniz , Claro Ieda Carolina Mantovani , Augusto Matheus Ribeiro , Friolani Veronica Nikoluk , Bezerra Cintia de Espindola , Graciosa Melissa Cristina Pereira , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Speranca Marcia Aparecida , Bueno Rodrigo de Freitas
Published: December 2021

RESUMO A vigilância da qualidade dos esgotos sanitários pode representar uma ferramenta complementar para monitoramento de doenças infecciosas e prevenção de surtos epidêmicos, especialmente quando a capacidade para testes clínicos é limitada. Dessa maneira, o presente estudo descreve o detalhamento técnico de um método de baixo custo para a concentração e extração de ácidos nucleicos de amostras de esgoto sanitário como etapa prévia para a detecção de vírus e outros agentes patogênicos. Para validar a metodologia proposta, após as etapas de concentração e extração, analisaram-se a presença do ácido ribonucleico do SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) nas amostras, por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real. O ácido ribonucleico do vírus foi detectado em 80% das amostras de esgoto sanitário analisadas, comprovando o êxito do procedimento metodológico adotado. A detecção precoce de um patógeno associado ao trabalho de equipes multidisciplinares possibilita a prática da vigilância epidemiológica, que auxilia na tomada de decisões na Saúde Única — união indissociável entre a saúde animal, humana e ambiental.
Análise da aplicabilidade da Portaria 557 do Ministério das Cidades em estudos de viabilidade técnico-econômica para incineração com recuperação energética de resíduo sólido urbano no Brasil
Authors: Andretti Fabricio Viana , Ferreira João Alberto , Mannarino Camille Ferreira
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Os estudos de viabilidade técnico econômica são elementos primordiais para a viabilização de projetos de saneamento, inclusive de incineração de resíduo sólido urbano com recuperação energética. O artigo teve como base os padrões para estudos de viabilidade técnico econômica conforme Portaria n° 557 do Ministério das Cidades, previstos na lei n° 11.445 que estabelece diretrizes nacionais para o saneamento básico. Foram realizadas visitas técnicas em quatro incineradores em operação na Suíça e dois em Portugal, com o objetivo de estabelecer um benchmarking para referenciar a análise da aplicação da Portaria, a identificação dos fatores críticos que dificultam a adoção dessa tecnologia no Brasil, assim como as ações necessárias para a viabilidade técnico-econômica do incinerador. Os principais fatores críticos identificados foram a localização da planta, o efeito Not in My Backyard, a concepção de conflito entre reciclagem e incineração, o elevado investimento inicial, o risco de adoção de tecnologias já superadas, a falta de experiência e mão de obra capacitada local, a variação e sazonalidade na alimentação de resíduo sólido urbano, a volatilidade do preço da energia no mercado, as receitas mínimas para viabilidade financeira, a adequação do arcabouço legal e a seleção de modelo de negócio adequado.
Representações sociais dos estudantes de fisioterapia sobre formação profissional para a atenção primária no ano de 2017
Authors: Damasceno Ana Maria
Published: December 2021

O curso de Fisioterapia Deveria contempla a formação sob a égide da promoção a saúde tendo na atenção primária seu eixo estruturante. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo, de cunho qualitativo, teve como objetivo analisar as representações sociais dos estudantes do 8º, 9º e 10º períodos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais em relação à formação para atuar na atenção básica à saúde. O percurso metodológico foi através da conversão semiestruturada, metodologia de amostragem denominada diversa de tipos e de análise a hermenêutica dialética. Os resultados induzidas fragilidade na formação profissional justificada por um modelo de educação voltado para o trabalho em hospitais ou clínicas com destaque para ações de cura e reabilitação.Também apontou a importância da inserção efetiva do fisioterapeuta na equipe de ESF embora havendo resistência e desconhecimento dos profissionais de outras áreas onde existe fragmentação nas ações, olhares e saberes. O campo de saúde coletiva deve ser o eixo norteador e estruturante da graduação reconhecendo a centralidade da atenção básica. Torna-se fundamental um estudo aprofundado e sistemático que tenha potencial de romper com o modelo de formação curativo e reabilitador privatizado
SOBRE O STATUS METAFÍSICO DAS CORES
Authors: Smith Plínio Junqueira
Published: December 2021

(Este artigo faz parte de um projeto da Trans/Form/Ação: revista de filosofia da Unesp. Trata-se do Dossiê Filosofia Autoral, a ser publicado em 2022.) Neste artigo, pretendo desenvolver uma concepção sobre as cores como parte de uma visão cética do mundo. Para isso, investigo como alguns dos principais céticos ao longo da história da filosofia conceberam as cores, seja em relação a outras qualidades sensíveis, seja em relação ao objeto físico. Depois, à luz do debate entre Barry Stroud e John McDowell, descrevo aquela que me parece ser a concepção comum das cores e sustento que o cético não apenas aceita que os objetos são coloridos, mas que ele pode saber qual é a sua cor por meio da percepção.
Sobre a semântica e a pragmática da moral em situações de desacordo e debate
Authors: Mendonça Wilson
Published: December 2021

(Este artigo faz parte de um projeto da Trans/Form/Ação: revista de filosofia da Unesp. Trata-se do Dossiê Filosofia Autoral, a ser publicado em 2022.) De acordo com uma abordagem proeminente na semântica formal contemporânea, a verdade das asserções morais depende de um parâmetro de moralidade adequado: um conjunto de padrões morais endossados individual ou coletivamente, ou códigos morais, ou sistemas de normas. A implementação dessa abordagem conhecida como contextualismo indexical trata a dependência da verdade moral vis-à-vis o parâmetro de moralidade como semelhante à dependência contextual característica de sentenças contendo termos indexicais: o conteúdo de uma afirmação moral normalmente varia com o valor do parâmetro de moralidade que entra na individuação do contexto de uso. De acordo com a implementação genuinamente relativista, por outro lado, o parâmetro de moralidade configura as situações nas quais o conteúdo expresso pela ocorrência de uma sentença moral é avaliado como verdadeiro ou falso. A versão moderada do relativismo genuíno (também chamada contextualismo não-indexical) considera que a verdade de uma ocorrência de uma sentença moral é determinada pelo valor do parâmetro de moralidade no contexto de uso. A versão radical do relativismo genuíno faz a verdade de uma asserção moral feita em um contexto depender essencialmente do valor do parâmetro de moralidade em outro contexto, a partir do qual o enunciado original é avaliado. Tomando o debate sobre o status moral do casamento poligâmico como ilustração, o presente trabalho examina os méritos concorrentes de explicações contextualistas e relativistas do uso da linguagem moral, especialmente em situações de desacordo e debate. O trabalho argumenta que, embora o contextualismo indexical acoplado a considerações pragmáticas adequadas possa explicar os dados do desacordo, a explicação alternativa desses dados dada pelo contextualismo não-indexical é preferível, porque mais simples e mais econômica. Também é argumentado que o relativismo radical está mais bem situado do que o contextualismo não-indexical para explicar os fenômenos relevantes das asserções de segunda ordem (retratação e rejeição), podendo acomodar mais facilmente algumas possibilidades discursivas que desempenham um papel central em debates morais.
On the Online Coalition Structure Generation Problem
Authors: Flammini Michele , Monaco Gianpiero , Moscardelli Luca , Shalom Mordechai , Zaks Shmuel
Published: December 2021

We consider the online version of the coalition structure generation problem, in which agents, corresponding to the vertices of a graph, appear in an online fashion and have to be partitioned into coalitions by an authority (i.e., an online algorithm). When an agent appears, the algorithm has to decide whether to put the agent into an existing coalition or to create a new one containing, at this moment, only her. The decision is irrevocable. The objective is partitioning agents into coalitions so as to maximize the resulting social welfare that is the sum of all coalition values. We consider two cases for the value of a coalition: (1) the sum of the weights of its edges, and (2) the sum of the weights of its edges divided by its size.

Coalition structures appear in a variety of application in AI, multi-agent systems, networks, as well as in social networks, data analysis, computational biology, game theory, and scheduling. For each of the coalition value functions we consider the bounded and unbounded cases depending on whether or not the size of a coalition can exceed a given value α. Furthermore, we consider the case of a limited number of coalitions and various weight functions for the edges, i.e., unrestricted, positive and constant weights. We show tight or nearly tight bounds for the competitive ratio in each case.
Probabilistic failure envelopes of strip foundations on soils with non-stationary characteristics of undrained shear strength
Authors: Shen Zhichao , Pan Qiujing , Chian Siau Chen , Gourvenec Susan , Tian Yinghui
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates probabilistic failure envelopes of strip foundations on spatially variable soils with profiles of undrained shear strength, su, linearly increasing with depth using lower-bound random finite-element limit analysis. The spatially variable suis characterised by a non-stationary random field with linearly increasing mean and constant coefficient of variation (COV) with depth. The deterministic uniaxial capacities and failure envelopes are first derived to validate the numerical models and provide a reference for the subsequent probabilistic analysis. Results indicate that the random field parameters COVsu(the COV of su) and Δ (dimensionless autocorrelation distance) have a considerable effect on the probabilistic normalised uniaxial capacities, which alters the size of the probabilistic failure envelopes. However, an insignificant effect of COVsuand Δ on the shape of probabilistic failure envelopes is observed in the V–H, V–M and H–M loading spaces, such that failure envelopes for different soil variabilities can be simply scaled by the uniaxial capacities. In contrast to COVsuand Δ, the soil strength heterogeneity index κ = μkB/μsu0has the lowest effect on the probabilistic normalised uniaxial capacity factors, but the highest effect on the shape of the probabilistic failure envelopes. A series of expressions is proposed to describe the shape of deterministic and probabilistic failure envelopes for strip foundations under combined vertical, horizontal and moment (V–H–M) loading.
Epítome de salud pública y su aplicación pedagógica
Authors: Reza Suarez Lilian Betty , Calderón Reza Juan Carlos , Bermúdez Sánchez Hugo Andrés , Macías Valencia Mishell Katiuska , Vizcaíno Cevallos Betsabé Patricia , Linares Rivera Christian Heinz , Quera San Miguel Cesar Sebastían , Calle Criollo Paula Piedad , Pinargote Chiriguaya Manuel Cristóbal , Rojas Calle Ronald William , Yoncón Ramirez Henry Cristóbal , Toala Pozo María José , Alarcon Lopez Cesar Andres , Franco Fernandez Marlon Alberto , Hernández Yépez Andrea Isabel , Burgos Requena Danny Holger
Published: December 2021

Educar es ayudar a un ser humano a “comprender la complejidad de la totalidad de su ser” (Krishnamurti). Esta complejidad resulta por el hecho del carácter multidimensional del ser humano, manifiesto en su realidad biofísica, psicosocial, espiritual y ecológica, realidad que, a su vez, sólo puede ser abordada científicamente desde una perspectiva inter y transdisciplinaria, es decir, con la ayuda de diversas ciencias, especialmente las denominadas ciencias humanas, dentro de las cuales están las ciencias sociales, que albergan a su vez a las ciencias de la educación y, en buena parte, a las ciencias de la salud. Por otra parte, Aprender consiste en “descubrir, asimilar e incorporar la verdad en la experiencia hasta el punto de influir significativamente en la conducta” (Rogers). Esto significa que el aprendizaje ocurre cuando se produce un cambio importante en alguna de las dimensiones fundamentales del ser humano, tales como la dimensión cognitiva, la actitudinal, la ecológica, etc.
El contador público y los principios de contabilidad financiera
Authors: Morelo Pereira Douglas Jahir , Torres Castro Diocelina
Published: December 2021

El presente este documento de trabajo tipo avance de investigación es resultado de la ejecución del proyecto denominado “Relevancia de los principios de contabilidad financiera para un buen análisis de transacciones de negocio”, por lo cual solo desarrolla parte del primer objetivo. En consecuencia, se abordan algunos principios de contabilidad financiera documentados mediante una revisión de literatura. El problema que se aborda radica en la relevancia de estos principios para asegurar la neutralidad en los procesos de análisis de transacciones económicas y de presentación de información financiera a cargo del contador público. La revisión de literatura y el análisis de contenido realizado permiten abordar algunos atributos relevantes de los principios aplicables al ejercicio de la profesión contable y sugiere que la tutela otorgada por el Estado a través de la fe pública en materia socioeconómica debe ser protegida por parte de los contables mediante la emisión de información financiera basada en la aplicación principios de carácter técnico-científicos y no supuestos, caprichos u opiniones que afecten la confianza pública.
ENCONTROS ESTÉTICOS/POÉTICOS ENTRE MÚSICA E BEBÊS NA CRECHE
Authors: Richter Sandra , De Campos Bourscheid Clarice
Published: December 2021

O ensaio aborda a intimidade entre as dimensões estética e poética da linguagem no contexto da creche para propor uma escuta fenomenológica dos encontros entre adultos e bebês com a experiência da música como ação lúdica do corpo expressivo no mundo. Ao considerar que sem estética a vida carece de sabor assim como sem poética carece de sentido, parte da compreensão merleaupontiana do corpo sensível como fonte primeira de significação para afirmar a inseparabilidade entre sensível e inteligível na ação de aprender a co-existir. A intenção educacional é reivindicar outra racionalidade para resistir à tendência simplificadora nos encontros entre adultos e bebês com a pluralidade nos modos de interagir em linguagem. Para tanto, pensa o acontecimento estético e poético – no sentido dos termos aisthesis e poiésis – do vínculo da sonoridade e do silêncio com a vida tomando como ponto de partida reflexivo não o que o bebê faz e sim como vivencia o que faz nos encontros musicais na creche. O estudo permite afirmar a potência vital e lúdica do corpo expressivo sentir a si próprio e ao mundo na pluralidade dos modos de estar em linguagem que dinamizam a vida cotidiana do agir, produzir, criar, fazer.
MEDIANDO AS ESCUTAS MUSICAIS DOS JOVENS: UMA PROPOSTA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL NA ESCOLA REGULAR
Authors: Da Silva Helena Lopes
Published: December 2021

Esse artigo propõe reflexões acerca dos sentidos das aulas de música para os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental e Ensino Médio. O “estado da arte” das pesquisas brasileiras envolvendo juventude, música e escola (ARROYO, 2009; MIRANDA; SILVA, 2013); a legalização do ensino de música como conteúdo obrigatório para a educação básica (Lei 11.769/08); e o Projeto de Resolução (CNE/CEB, 2013), que propõe a institucionalização da música como disciplina curricular obrigatória, indicam a necessidade de sistematização de propostas de educação musical para a juventude. A partir da perspectiva sociológica da Pedagogia Musical (GREEN, A-M., 1987; PIATTI, 1994; KRAEMER, 2000), que compreende as relações simbólicas que os jovens mantêm com as suas escolhas musicais como o objetivo central para uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem na escola regular, a perspectiva de mediação das escutas musicais (GREEN, 1997) é sugerida como uma possibilidade para as aulas de música.
INDEPENDENT TOURISM: DEFINITION AND SYNONYMS
Authors:   Perm State University, Zyryanova Inna S.
Published: December 2021

The article gives and argues the author’s definition of independent tourism, which has become a mass phenomenon due to the development of information technologies. The synonymy of the term in the Russian and English languages is discussed. English synonyms of the term have been classified. The terms’ popularity in the Yandex query system has been studied. The concept definition technique can be used in scientific and educational work with students.
TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE PERM REGION’S ROUTES IN THE PERCEPTION OF YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors:   HSE Perm, Shestakova Ekaterina N. , Semakina Anna M. ,   HSE Perm
Published: December 2021

This research investigates young people’s perception of tourist attractiveness of routes in the Perm region. The study of the youth’s preferences in the choice of tourist objects and events can help to work out recommendations for the development of routes in the region. Methodologically, the research is based on a complex interdisciplinary approach. The basic methods were questioning and observations in a tourist group during travelling on the territory of the Perm region. The study has shown that young people are interested not only in active but also in historical and cultural tours, in most cases showing particular interest in historical attractions, museums, architecture etc. Interactive technologies, amusement components of the tours are attractive to young people, who are especially impressed by master classes. However, the information component of the tours (for example, that provided by museums) is the most important. The study clearly shows that the social stereotype that young people are only interested in amusement is untrue. Thus, in most cases the importance of interactive methods is overestimated. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that young people generally perceive travelling in the Perm region in a positive way, highly estimating the tour programs, the tourist objects, the service and hospitality level, the quality of food and accommodation. The feedbacks of young people on the results of travelling are favorable. The majority of the respondents would recommend these tours to their friends. This investigation has a potential to be continued.
GEOGRAPHY OF MUSEUMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE MUSEUM TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE SAMARA REGION
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Amelkina Daria V.
Published: December 2021

Due to the growing socio-cultural significance and economic activity, museums are arousing research interest of specialists from various scientific fields. Close interaction of museum organizations with the tourism and recreation sphere gives relevance to research into the role that modern museum forms play in the formation of certain types of tourism, into regional features of museum placement, the impact that museums have on the economy and spatial organization of territories. A comprehensive study of the regional set of museums and the museum tourism development in the Samara region shows that the current state of museums, the lack of major museum destinations and funding for new high attractions do not allow the region to compete successfully for cruise tourists and in the framework of the interregional tourist project The Great Volga River Route. In the placement of Samara museums, one can trace the influence of agglomeration processes occurring in the region. This is manifested both in the concentration of museum activities in the center of the agglomeration and in the weak use of museum resources, growing risks of losing monuments on the boundaries. Under the existing conditions, the creation of new museum offers and the development of museum tourism in the Samara region is supposed to involve the following: the use of positive effects of agglomeration and overcoming of infrastructure constraints; increased readiness to compete on the basis of clustering and transfer of modern museum technologies from the central federal museums represented in Samara to regional museums, and from those to municipal and rural ones; innovative search for effective development models, integrated solutions and financing mechanisms.
DANGER OF RIVERBED PROCESSES ON RUSSIAN RIVERS: ASSESSMENT CRITERIA, MAPPING, REGIONAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chalov Roman S. , Chernov Alexey V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mikhailova Nadezhda M. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the danger that channel processes – the processes creating the river channel and floodplain and those occurring in them – can pose to people. Riverbed processes are among the most dynamic ones in nature: the speed of their manifestation varies from the first decades to individual months in high water and floods, i.e. they develop in full view of people. This can significantly complicate life on the banks of rivers and the use of river resources. The article deals with dangerous manifestations of riverbed processes, their causes and consequences, but the main part of the paper is devoted to the cartographic method of assessing the danger of riverbed processes: determining the danger degree and various ways of displaying it on maps. There are given examples of showing danger on previously compiled maps. In conclusion, the article provides a brief geographical analysis of the distribution of various types and the manifestation degree of dangerous riverbed processes in a variety of natural conditions in Russia.
Coverage of Cultural Issues on the Video Portal Orengrad Open TV Online
Authors: Zhaplova Tatyana
Published: December 2021

The article discussed video news reporting of cultural events on the video portal "Orengrad Oren TV. online". The article analyzed relevant materials that were produced using modern media technologies and public response. The study of the videos revealed the succession between the OREN TV channel and the portal " Orengrad Oren TV. online", which it was transformed into in 2020. Considering various aspects of cultural issues, new media journalists employ the potential of a specific video genre that combines both the features of a television news product and print resources, which distinguishes modern convergent media. The author employed content analysis of news stories to determine what influenced the audience, representatives of the public, and the cultural figures, who adjusted their goals and objectives in accordance with large-scale projects, grant competitions, and creative festivals. The study found that journalists used themed programs to report on the successes and achievements in the area of regional Orenburg culture, whereas the stories that required immediate intervention were covered in brief news video reports.
Mediatization of the Economy: Aspects of Optimizing Economic Media Communications in the Digital Environment
Authors: Demina Irina
Published: December 2021

Mediatization is a relatively new approach to understanding the processes that take place in various spheres of human life. In media research, when studying this topic, politics, culture, and social practices are most often examined, but the sphere of economics is only mentioned and has rarely been explored. The purpose of the article is to determine new areas of research in the field of mediatization of the economy. The article examined traditional types of economic mass communication, provided an overview of modern economic communication practices (e-commerce, social networks, co-sharing companies, crowdfunding platforms, mobile applications, block chain and cryptocurrencies) that have arisen as a result of the digitalization of the economy. The author argues that the concept of economic communications in a digital society becomes expansive, and the digital economy can be called an economy via communications. In the digital world, there are economic interactions between the audience members themselves. It is proved that mediatization is not only a process that accompanies the functioning of the economy but the media themselves become a business environment. The mediatization of the economy triggers new and actualizes the existing threats to the livelihood of the audience ("economic power" of monopolies, "social engineering", scams on the Web, deception, etc.). We need a legal mechanism for regulating the digital economy, ethical codes. The intellectual potential of society created online should develop not only in the direction of the accumulation of new economic information and technologies for running online business, but also in the development of moral rules considering axiological and deontological aspects. In the context of mediatization the role of economic journalism is increasing, going beyond the scope of business journalism. The study of economic communications in the digital environment should become one of the current issues of modern journalism theory.
Lexico-Stylistic Specificity of Mediatexts in the Formation of the University's Image Online
Authors: Vinichenko Vera
Published: December 2021

Image as an intangible attribute of the educational institution’s social and communicative activity plays a significant role in achieving strategic goals, promotion of educational services, strengthening trust and a favorable attitude of the target audience. A website as a means of mass communication is a tool for attracting consumers, a "visiting card" of a university on the Internet. A well-designed image identifies the university in the Internet space, distinguishes it favorably from other educational institutions, and increases the level of memorability in the selection process. The concepts, structure of the image, factors influencing its formation are presented in different ways in the review of domestic and foreign publications. The media text acts as a basic tool for the creation of an organization's image, which reflect characteristic features of the desired image. This complex phenomenon of virtual media space is considered as a new communication product, as an integrative multi-level sign, as a synthetic type of text with a multi-level structure. With the help of various lexical and stylistic means, media texts influence the perceptions of target audiences about an educational institution, help to retain users’ attention. Since the number of publications on this topic is limited, the research interest of the author of the article is aimed at studying the lexical and stylistic features of media texts that affect the creation of the image of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov online. The author analyzed the website’s media material of this institution at the lexical, morphological, and syntactic level and established the importance of linguistic means in creating a positive image of the main university of the republic. As a result of the study, we identified lexical and stylistic features of media texts that play a significant role in the idea formation of public groups about the educational organization.
Method of Automated Assessment of a Territorial Entity Image in the Media Discourse of a Foreign State
Authors: Namyatova Ksenia
Published: December 2021

The penetration of information technologies into all spheres of our life dictates new rules, so it is not advisable to conduct media research without the use of technological solutions. Every day there are not even hundreds, but thousands of new publications, and it is difficult to process the entire array of information with the help of human efforts alone. The article presents the results of testing a new method of analyzing the image of a territorial subject in the media discourse. A distinctive feature is the use of a convergence approach and the implementation of part of the research with the help of IT specialists. The proposed method consists of five stages. First of all, the semantic core of the study and the list of media are formed, then the data is transformed into a format suitable for the software. At the fifth stage, data is collected through the Google search engine using a specially developed program in Python. As a result of this method more than 220,000 articles were collected and processed during the period from 2012 to the end of 2018. The empirical material was analyzed according to the following criteria: a) the patters of publication; b) the frequency of mentioning certain words; c) the field (politics, culture, sports, etc.). The methodology is suitable for further research while there are several points to be addressed in future studies. Among them, we suggest to limit the semantic core of the research using the word "Russia". For the intonation analysis of articles it is necessary to develop a specialized matrix; in addition, it is planned to identify the research time periods in more detail, which will allow us to assess the patterns of publication at a deeper level. In the future, the use of this methodology in media studies will increase the number of empirical databases and foster further research.
Empleo, discapacidad y pandemia: el trabajo remoto en tiempos de crisis
Authors: Guzmán Pizarro Jaquieline Vanessa , Loayza Effio Jorge Alcides , Flores Galarreta Belisario Henry , Medina Sotelo Cristian Gumercindo
Published: December 2021

El propósito del artículo fue plantear una revisión narrativa de la literatura científica respecto a la inclusión profesional remota de las personas con discapacidad al sistema laboral público y privado a partir de las experiencias de la pandemia del Covid-19. Las principales conclusiones a los que arriba la investigación es que la discapacidad física no representa impedimento para la integración en el sistema laboral, encontrando en el trabajo remoto la alternativa laboral en tiempos de pandemia, para lo cual se hace necesario establecer políticas públicas orientadas a brindar oportunidades de acceso a tecnologías factibles que posibilitan la integración y desarrollo de las personas con discapacidad.
Удосконалення процесу навчання техніки удару ногою назад «уширо гері кекомі»
Authors: Міненко Єгор , Марченко Світлана
Published: December 2021

Мета дослідження – обґрунтувати вплив різних варіантів виконання вправ, а саме: кількості підходів (Х1) та інтервалів відпочинку (Х2) на засвоєння техніки виконання удару ногою назад з розворотом «уширо гері» хлопців 10 років. Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 32 хлопці 10 років. Діти та їхні батьки були інформовані про всі особливості дослідження і дали згоду на участь в експерименті. Для вирішення поставлених завдань були використані методи дослідження: вивчення та аналіз науково-методичної літератури, педагогічне спостереження, хронометраж навчальних завдань, педагогічний експеримент, методи математичної статистики, методи математичного планування експерименту. У процесі навчання використовувався метод алгоритмічних розпоряджень. Результати. Пояснюючі змінні (Х1, Х2) відіграють свою певну роль у зміні показника навченості вправі «Удар ногою назад з розворотом «уширо гері» (Y) протягом усього експерименту. Перевірка на адекватність за критерієм Фішера показала що розраховані коефіцієнти регресії статистично значимі (Fр<Fкр). Дисперсійний аналіз виявив процентний вплив кожної пояснюючої змінної (Х1, Х2) в усіх серіях програми навчання удару ногою назад з розворотом «уширо гері»: 1 серія – Х1 (83,4%), Х2 (15,9%); 2 серія – Х1 (42,2%), Х2 (33,0%); 3 серія – Х1 (62,4%), Х1Х2 (37,5%); 4 серія – Х1 (52,6%), Х1Х2 (28,5%); 5 серія – Х1 (74,8%), Х2 (22,2%); 6 серія – Х1 (80,29%), Х2 (12,26%). Висновки. Максимальний ефект результативної ознаки (Y) у серіях завдань розробленої програми навчання удару ногою «уширо гері кекомі» був отриманий від наступних режимів виконання фізичних вправ: 1 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 60 с; 2 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 60 с; 3 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с; 4 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с; 5 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с; 6 серія – 4 підходи, інтервал відпочинку 120 с.
Development and Evaluation of Lyophilized Methotrexate Nanosuspension using Quality by Design Approach
Authors: Powar Trupti , Hajare Ashok , Jarag Ravindra , Nangare Sopan
Published: December 2021

With the application of the quality by design (QbD) approach, a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) methodology was employed to develop methotrexate nanosuspension (MTX-NS) to boost bioavailability. The Ishikawa diagram was used to analyze potential risk factors in formulation development. To screen and study the impact of various formulation and process factors on the critical quality attributes (CQA), the Placket–Burman design and central composite design were utilized. The number of HPH cycles, poloxamer 188 concentration, and tween 80 concentration were shown to be significant parameters (P<0.05), that were further optimized using Central Composite Design. The zeta potential of optimized lyophilized MTX-NS was determined to be –11.6 ± 7.52 mV and the average particle size was 260 ± 0.25 nm. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments revealed a greater than 80% inhibition, with apoptotic cells shrinking, fragmentation, and cell death. Furthermore, the Cmax and AUC0-t were increased by 2.53 and 8.83 folds, respectively. The relative bioavailability of MTX-NS was found to be 8.83 times higher than that of MTX-aqueous dispersion. As a result, the QbD method resulted in the development of a lyophilized MTX-NS with process understanding and control based on quality risk management.
Statistical Optimization of As(V) Adsorption Parameters onto Epichlorohydrin/Fe3O4 Crosslinked Chitosan Derivative Nanocomposite using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Nagarajan Vijayanand , Ganesan Raja , Govindan Srinivasan , Govind Prabha
Published: December 2021

In this study, Box-Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize As(V) removal from an aqueous solution onto synthesized crosslinked carboxymethylchitosan-epichlorohydrin/Fe3O4 nanaocomposite. The factors like solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and temperature were optimized by the method which shows high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9406), and a predictive quadratic polynomial model equation. The adequacy of the model and parameters were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) with their significant factors of Fischer’s F-test (p < 0.05). Seven significant parameters with interaction effects in the experiment with p-value < 0.0001 was observed, having a maximum removal efficiency of As(V) is 95.1%. Optimal conditions of dosage, pH, temperature, initial ion concentration and contact time in the process were found to be 0.7 g, pH 6.5, 308K, 10 mg/L and 60 min respectively. Langmuir isotherm model fitted better than the Freundlich model having a maximum adsorption capacity of 28.99 mg/g, a high regression value of 0.9988, least chi-square value of 0.1781. The process was found to follow monolayer adsorption and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters indicate the process is spontaneous, endothermic and physisorption in nature. Successful regeneration of the adsorbent implies its applicability to the removal of arsenic from real life wastewater.
Developing Students’ Problem-Solving Skills Using Learning Tasks: an Action Research Project in Secondary School
Authors: Tóthová Martina , Rusek Martin
Published: December 2021

Studies on students’ problem-solving skills worldwide suggest there is a room for improvement. This study aimed at improving upper-secondary school students’ problem-solving skills in chemistry lessons. They were given a problem tasks pre-test focused on their conceptual knowledge regarding the periodic table, ability to apply knowledge on the factors affecting chemistry reaction rate and compounds’ properties. Most students (72 out of 112) did not succeed to solve the tasks. For this reason, an intervention was designed based on a study using eye-tracking combined with think-aloud. It consisted of students’ working on (PISA-like) context-based chemistry problem tasks with a special scaffolding. A teacher provided formative assessment promoting students’ expansive strategies. The intervention’s effect was again assessed using problem tasks in two post-tests. The results showed the action plan was successful in helping the majority of students reach above-average test score. The ratio of successful solvers also rose and unsuccessful significantly declined.
The Good and the Bad of Cell Membrane Electroporation
Authors: Balantič Katja , Miklavčič Damijan , Križaj Igor , Kramar Peter
Published: December 2021

Electroporation is used to increase the permeability of the cell membrane through high-voltage electric pulses. Nowadays, it is widely used in different areas, such as medicine, biotechnology, and the food industry. Electroporation induces the formation of hydrophilic pores in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, to allow the entry or exit of molecules that cannot otherwise cross this hydrophobic barrier. In this article, we critically review the basic principles of electroporation, along with the advantages and drawbacks of this method. We discuss the effects of electroporation on the key components of biological membranes, as well as the main applications of this procedure in medicine, such as electrochemotherapy, gene electrotransfer, and tissue ablation. Finally, we define the most relevant challenges of this romising area of research.
SOĞMATAR NEKROPOLÜ KAYA MEZAR MİMARİSİ
Authors: ALBAYRAK Yusuf
Published: December 2021

Şanlıurfa ili sınırları içerisinde yer alan Soğmatar, Tektek Dağları’nda önemli su kaynaklarının bulunduğu bir alanda yer almaktadır. Roma Dönemi’nde bir kült merkezi olarak bilinen Soğmatar, Erken Tunç Çağı ve Roma Dönemi’nde bir nekropol alanı olarak kullanılmıştır. Soğmatar’da nekropol alanı şehre girişte soldaki kayalık alçak tepenin güneye bakan eteklerindedir. Kazı çalışmalarımız sonucunda nekropolde 77 tane kaya mezarı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Nekropol’deki bu 77 mezar, Erken Tunç Çağı’nda açılmış olan ve bir kısmı Roma Dönemi’nde değişikliğe uğratılarak kullanılmaya devam edilen kaya oyuğu oda mezarlardır. Soğmatar nekropolündeki mezarların tümü ana kayaya oyularak yapılmıştır. Kaya mezarları araziye birbirlerine olabildiğince yakın olacak şekilde, belli bir plan oluşturmaksızın gelişigüzel yerleştirilmiştir. Erken Tunç Cağı’nda yapılan mezarların tümü kuyu girişli ve tek odalıdır. Erken Tunç Çağı mezar mimarisi özelliğini koruyan mezarların çoğu sade şekilde yapılmışken 5 mezar oldukça dikkat çekicidir. Bu 5 mezarda giriş kapısının sağ ve solunda sekiler, karşı duvarda ise sunaklar yer almaktadır. Sunaklar, giriş kapısının tam karşısındaki duvara, duvarın tam ortasına, ana kaya işlenerek yapılmıştır. Roma döneminde bu kaya mezarları değiştirilmiştir. Bu değiştirilme sırasında kuyu şeklinde olan giriş kısmı, güneye doğru genişletilerek, merdivenli üzeri acık koridor olan dromos eklenmiş, mezar odasına girişi sağlayan kapı genişletilmiş, mezar odasının giriş karşısı ve yan duvarlarına ölülerin yatırıldığı arcasolium olarak adlandırılan duvar hücreleri eklenmiştir. Erken Tunç Çağı mezarları Roma döneminde değiştirilirken bazı mezarların bu değiştirme sırasında yarım bırakıldığını görmekteyiz. Bu mezarlarda hem Erken Tunç Çağı özellikleri hem de Roma Çağı özellikleri bir arada görülmektedir. Kuyu tarzı girişli kaya mezarlarına Anadolu ve Anadolu dışında pek az rastlanılmaktadır. Sayı fazlalığını dikkate alırsak, Soğmatar Erken Tunç Çağı kuyu tarzı girişli mezarların sayıca en fazla olduğu bir nekropole sahiptir.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АГРАРНЫХ КООПЕРАТИВОВ ПО ПЧЕЛОВОДСТВУ В ГРУЗИИ
Authors: GELASHVİLİ Tina
Published: December 2021

Для поддержания сельско-хозяйственных кооперативов, ориентированных на бизнес, в 2013 году в Грузии был принят закон ,,О развитии кооперативов”.Несмотря на то, что со дня основания кооперативов совместно с Министерством сельского-хозяйства, многие международные организации - доноры активно участвуют в поддержке внутриаграрного развития кооперативов, Сельско-хозяйственные кооперативы вновь стоят перед серьезным вызовом.Целью исследования было определение тенденций развития и изучение механизмов их правовой регуляции, проблемы кооперативного пчеловодства и исследование необходимости производства продукции, анализ показателей продуктивности, а также установление роста возможностей потенциала экспорта мёда.Объектом исследования были выбраны фермеры-пчеловоды и кооперативы Самцхе-Джавахети (№20) так как, именно, в этом регионе производится экологически чистый, полученный из альпийских цветов, полифлорный мед, который в случае соблюдения стандартов имеет шанс выйти на европейский рынок.Исследование было проведено по заранее подготовленному открытому и закрытому тестов. В статье проанализирована динамика производства объема продукции в Грузии, в соседних странах и на рынке Евросоюза. Баланс экспорта и импорта, а также другие экономические показатели выявили в освоении рынка пессимистическую картину, хотя, в последнее время чувствуется тенденция повышения потребности на биопродукты, в том числе на мёд. Исходя из этого, растет спрос на мед. Грузинский мёд, особенно альпийский полифлорный мёд своими качественными показателями действительно высококонкурентный, и в случае роста объема повысится возможность занять нишу на рынке Евросоюза.На основе исследования выявлены также причины, мешающие развитию пчёловодства и предложены рекомендации, которые поддержат производство экологически чистого продукта - меда, повысят медопродуктивность, поддержат рост трудовых мест и рост экспертного потенциала.
A szentesi modell és napjaink versenyképességi kihívásai - növekvő gazdasági, társadalmi és környezeti kockázatok
Authors: Velkey Gábor , Mihály Melinda , Gál Izóra
Published: December 2021

Tanulmányunk egy alföldi, zöldségtermesztőket integráló termelői értékesítő szervezet (TÉSZ) működését kísérő kihívásokat és a szervezet integrációs modelljének változásait elemzi egy empirikus kutatás eredményei alapján. A szóban forgó TÉSZ a szentesi termelőszövetkezetek által alakított integrátori modellből nőtt ki a rendszerváltást követően. A válság ellenére talpon maradó szövetkezet kezdeményezte az önálló termelőket integráló szervezet létrehozását, amely segíti a közös piacra jutást, a termesztési technológia fejlesztését, a termelési volumen növelését, és jogosult uniós támogatási források lehívására.
Az élelmiszerkereskedelmi szektor több lépcsőben végbemenő átalakulása a helyi termelőket is arra kényszerítette, hogy egyre nagyobb mértékben integrálódjanak a globális rendszerekbe. Ez a változás átalakította a TÉSZ szervezeti kereteit, belső és külső kapcsolatrendszerét, valamint a termelés és értékesítés folyamatának minden elemét, miközben növekvő társadalmi, gazdasági és környezeti kockázatokat hordoz. Tanulmányunkban ezekre a sokszor komplex módon jelentkező kockázatokra fókuszálunk, a kihívásokra adott/adható válaszok értelmezéséhez azonban elkerülhetetlen, hogy meg vizsgáljuk azokat a tényezőket, amelyek az államszocialista viszonyokban gyökerező és kapitalista feltételek között is eredményes integrációs modellt fenntartják.
Elemzésünk elején feltárjuk azokat az adottságokat, helyi gazdasági és társadalmi sajátosságokat, amelyek szerepet játszottak e hosszabb távon is működőképesmodell kialakulásában és fennmaradásában. A folyamatokhoz komplex módon közelítünk, figyelembe vesszük a hely jellegzetességeit, a térségi összefüggéseket, az országos változásokat és a releváns nemzetközi hatásokat is. Munkánk második részében a TÉSZ létrehozásának, felépítésének és működésének alapkonstrukcióját, majd azokat a gyors és mélyreható változásokat tekintjük át, amelyek eredményeként a zöldségkereskedelemben meghatározó tényezővé váltak a multinacionális hálózatok, és amelyre a globalizálódó piacon versenyző gazdasági szereplőknek választ kell(ett)találniuk.
Tanulmányunk tehát a globális gazdasági kihívások helyi következményeit tekinti át, kiemelt figyelmet fordítva a társadalmi és térbeli egyenlőtlenségekre és újratermelésükre, illetve azokra a hatásokra, melyek az alapvető javakhoz, árukhoz és szolgáltatásokhoz történő hozzáférést megváltoztatva erősítik a térbeli és társadalmi igazságtalanságot. Elemzésünkben a különböző földrajzi léptékű, egymással összekapcsolódó hatások helyimegjelenésére helyezzük a hangsúlyt, vagyis a helyi szereplők válaszai alapján értelmezzük a különböző léptékekről leszűrődő igazságtalanságokat.
A „siker kovácsai”: Biztos Kezdet Házak és Tanodák intézményesülésének dilemmái
Authors: Kovai Cecília , Szőke Alexandra
Published: December 2021

Tanulmányunkban a Biztos Kezdet gyerekházak és tanodaprogramok működésének vizsgálatán keresztül arra keressük a választ, hogy a hátrányos helyzetű gyermekek esélyeinek növelését célzó programoknak milyen strukturális körülmények között kell teljesíteniük missziójukat, és e körülmények miként befolyásolják a programok hatását a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségekre. Írásunk két esettanulmányt mutat be: egy nagyvárosi Biztos Kezdet házban és egy kisvárosi tanodában végzett etnográfiai kutatás alapján igyekszünk választ adni kérdéseinkre. Tanulmányunkban abból a fejlesztéskritikai alap‐vetésből indultunk ki, hogy a fejlesztői projektek csak úgy tudnak fennmaradni, ha illeszkednek a fennálló társadalmi, gazdasági, politikai erőviszonyok diktálta feltételekhez, sebből az következik, hogy szükségszerűen részei a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségeket (újra)termelő struktúráknak. Ugyanakkor e kritikák azt is hangsúlyozzák, hogy a strukturális kényszerek hatásai a projekt megvalósítása során nagymértékben a szereplők (a fejlesztők, a célcsoport tagjai stb.) egyeztetési és értelmezési folyamatain múlnak.
Tanulmányunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a fejlesztői projektek résztvevői az adottlokális környezetben hogyan próbálják kezelni azt az ellentmondást, amely a fennállóstrukturális feltételekhez való kényszerű igazodás és az azok hatásának megváltoztatására irányuló fejlesztői tevékenység között feszül. A két vizsgált eset példáján nyomon követtük, hogy a program helyi szervezői hogyan értelmezik át a program célkitűzéseit meghatározó közpolitikai trendeket, próbálnak úgy eligazodni és navigálni a strukturálisfeltételek között, hogy érvényesítsék saját koncepcióikat a „sikerről”.
REGULATION OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC THE EXPERIENCE OF POLAND
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Brintseva O.G.
Published: December 2021

The main factors that reduce the efficiency of the use of human capital in the socio-labor sphere are determined: socio-economic and political instability; shadowing of the economy; "cheap labor" policy; lack of a culture of investing in employee development, as well as systematic career planning; the need to adapt the labor market and employers to the conditions of remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic, etc. The Polish experience in the regulation of the social and labor sphere, the reduction of asymmetries that determine the formation and use of unproductive forms of human capital is studied. The priority directions of its implementation are determined: de-shadowing of the economy through the introduction of a system of actions at the state level, which will increase social guarantees, increase the official size of the average wage, improve working conditions; implementation of anti-discrimination policy in the national labor market; increasing the level of social responsibility of employers; implementation of long-term strategies for professional development of employees; support for further development of digital competencies of employees; increasing the level of digitalization of business processes of enterprises; ensuring a balance between work and personal life; providing protection against cyber threats, etc.