bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change of the structure and assembly of bacterial and photosynthetic communities by the ecological engineering practices in Dianchi Lake
Authors: Zhang Dayi , Xie Yucheng , Sheng Yizhi , Li Danni , He Feng , Du Jinsong , Jiang Longfei , Luo Chunling , Deng Songqiang , Li Guanghe
Published: June 2021

Background: Cyanobacterial bloom challenges the aquatic ecosystem and ecological restoration is an effective approach for cyanobacterial bloom control, but the change of aquatic community after ecological restoration is still unclear. Dianchi Lake is a eutrophic lake with frequent cyanobacterial blooms in China, and recent ecological restoration projects in Caohai (north part) have a satisfactory performance. In this study, we collected 249 water samples at 23 sites from Dianchi Lake to explore the relationships between water physiochemical variables and aquatic microbial communities.Results: Water physicochemical variables in Waihai (south part) intensively changed along time, whereas those in Caohai did not. Photoautotrophic communities were significantly divergent between Caohai and Waihai. Waihai had a lower diversity of photoautotrophic community, containing higher abundance of Cyanophyceae (89.9%) than Caohai (42.7%). Nutrient level and Cyanophyceae only exhibited strong correlations in Wahai (p<0.05). Redundancy analysis and microbial ecological network suggested that microbial communities in Caohai had a higher stability. Deterministic process dominated the microbial assembly (50-80% for bacteria and >90% for photoautotrophs), and particularly in Caohai.Conclusions: Our results unraveled that the structure and assembly of bacterial and photoautotrophic communities significantly changed after ecological restoration, offering valuable suggestions that photosynthetic diversity should be focused for other ecological restoration projects.
Engineered Porous/Hollow Burkholderia Pseudomallei Loading Tumor Lysate as a Vaccine
Authors: Huang Feng-Ying , Dai Shu-Zhen , Wang Jin-Yan , Lin Ying-Ying , Wang Cai-Chun , Zheng Wu-Ping , Tan Guang-hong
Published: June 2021

Due to its size, shape, and inherent expression of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and invasion-assistant adhesion proteins, Burkholderia pseudomallei can easily attach to, and then be internalized by, dendritic cells (DCs), leading to more efficient antigen cross-presentation if modified as carrier. Herein, we engineered Burkholderia pseudomallei as a porous/hollow carrier (SB) for loading tumor lysates (L) and CpG (C) to be used as a tumor vaccine (SB-LC). We found that the adhesion proteins of Burkholderia pseudomallei promote internalization of the SB-LC vaccine by DCs, and result in enhanced DC maturation and antigen cross-presentation. SB-LC induces robust cellular and humoral antitumor responses that synergistically inhibit tumor growth with minimal adverse side effects in several tumor models. Moreover, SB-LC vaccination reverses the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, apparently as a result of CD8+-induced tumor ferroptosis. Thus, SB-LC is a potential model tumor vaccine for translating into a clinically viable treatment option.
Decelerate of Amyloid Fibrillation By The Alkaloids Extracted From Stephania Venosa
Authors: Daowtak Krai , Pompimon Wilart , Salerno Milena , Udomtanakunchai Chatchanok
Published: June 2021

Naturally occurring phytochemical compounds have received considerable attention as alternative candidates for anti-amyloidogenic agents. This study, utilizing human insulin and amyloid beta peptide as an in vitro model, determined the anti-amyloid effects of alkaloids extracted derived from Stephania venosa. Alkaloids extracts including crebanine, O-methylbulbocapnine, tetrahydropalmatine and N-methyltetrahydropalmatine were used. Inhibition of amyloid protein aggregation were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. Most alkaloids, except N-methyltetrahydropalmatine, exhibited the inhibitory properties against amyloid fibrillation either insulin or amyloid-beta peptide. Among alkaloids group, crebanine and tetrahydropalmatine showed the potent properties of anti-amyloidogenesis. These results suggest that alkaloids could be used as a natural compound for the development of drugs against amyloid protein aggregation for treatment of amyloid-related diseases.
Even-Chain UFA Pattern, n-3 Long-Chain PUFA Pattern and Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Southeast of China
Authors: Hu Chanchan , Lin Zheng , Liu Zhiqiang , Tang Xuwei , Song Jianyu , Lin Jianbo , Chen Yuanmei , Hu Zhijian
Published: June 2021

Objective: To characterize and examine associations between dietary fatty acid intake patterns and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods: A total of 422 patients and 423 controls were recruited. Dietary fatty acids, as a percentage of total fat, were entered into a factor analysis. Multinomial logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to evaluate the risk of ESCC specific for different dietary fatty acid patterns (FAPs). A forest plot was applied to show the potential effect modification.Results: The factor analysis generated 4 major fatty acid patterns: a long-chain SFA (LC-SFA) pattern; an even-chain unsaturated fatty acid (EC-UFA) pattern; a short and medium-chain SFA (SMC-SFA) pattern, and an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) pattern. In the multivariate-adjusted model, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of ESCC were 2.069(1.314,3.257), and 0.525 (0.340–0.811) for the highest versus the lowest tertile of EC-UFA pattern and n-3 LC-PUFA pattern, respectively. The LC-SFA, SMC-SFA patterns were not associated with ESCC. There existed a nonlinear positive association between the EC-UFA pattern and the risk of ESCC (p for nonlinearity <0.05), nevertheless, there was a nonlinear negative association between the n-3 LC-PUFA pattern and the risk of ESCC (p for nonlinearity <0.001). Multiplicative interaction between fried food, pickled food, hard food, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and four FAPs was also observed.Conclusions: Our study indicates that EC-UFA pattern, n-3 LC-PUFA pattern intake are associated with ESCC, which might provide a potential dietary intervention for ESCC prevention.
The Prognostic Significance of MAFK and its Methylation in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhang Mengjun , Li Hao , Liu Yuan , Hou Siyu , Cui Ping , Sun Zhenxing , Yue Yin , Chen Xiuwei
Published: June 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the value of MAFK as a biomarker of cervical cancer prognosis and to explore its methylation and possible cellular signaling pathways. Methods: We analyzed the cervical cancer data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) through bioinformatics, including MAFK expression, methylation, prognosis and genome enrichment analysis. Results: MAFK expression was higher in cervical cancer tissues and was negatively correlated with the methylation levels of five CpG sites. MAFK is an independent prognostic factor of cervical cancer and is involved in the Nod-like receptor signaling pathway. CMap analysis screened four drug candidates for cervical cancer treatment. Conclusions: We confirmed that MAFK is a novel prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer and aberrant methylation may also affect MAFK expression and carcinogenesis. This study provides a new molecular target for the prognostic evaluation and treatment of cervical cancer.
Highly Accurate, Specific And Sensitive Quantitation By Droplet Digital PCR Reveals The Stability of Intrahepatic Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA
Authors: Hayashi Sanae , Isogawa Masanori , Kawashima Keigo , Ito Kyoko , Chuaypen Natthaya , Morine Yuji , Shimada Mitsuo , Higashi-Kuwata Nobuyo , Tangkijvanich Pisit , Mitsuya Hiroaki , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: June 2021

The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) poses a major obstacle to curing chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Here, we used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) for cccDNA quantitation. ddPCR measured a less than two-fold difference in the intrahepatic cccDNA content more accurately than conventional real-time PCR (qPCR), (R2=0.9416 and R2=0.8963, respectively) and had also higher sensitivity and specificity than qPCR. The results of ddPCR correlated more closely with serum HB core-related antigen (R2=0.9843) than HB surface antigen (HBsAg) (R2=0.9742) in 24 HBV-infected human-liver-chimeric mice (PXB-mice). We demonstrated that the total cccDNA content did not change during liver repopulation, although the cccDNA content per hepatocyte was reduced in PXB-mice after entecavir treatment. In the 6 patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, ddPCR detected cccDNA in both tumor and non-tumor tissues. In 13 HBeAg-negative CHB patients with pegylated interferon alpha-2a, cccDNA contents from paired biopsies were more significantly reduced in virological response (VR) than in non-VR at week 48 (p=0.0051). Interestingly, cccDNA levels were the lowest in VR with HBsAg clearance but remained detectable after the treatment. Collectively, ddPCR revealed that cccDNA content is stable during hepatocyte proliferation and persists at quantifiable levels, even after serum HBsAg clearance.
Study on the Causes of Secondary Cracks of the Eave Wall Mural of Daxiong Hall at Fengguo Temple in Yixian, Liaoning, China
Authors: Liu Cheng , He Yuan , Li Qian , Wang Fei
Published: June 2021

Built in Kaitai nine years of Liao Dynasty (1020 A.D.), the Daxiong Hall of Fengguo Temple in Yixian County, Liaoning Province, is one of the largest existing ancient single-eave wooden structure in China. There are nearly 470m 2 murals of Yuan Dynasty on the four walls of the hall. Since the in-situ reinforcement and protection of the mural were carried out in the 1980s in cooperation with the maintenance and restoration project of the main hall, the seriously developed cracks have become the primary factor affecting the structural stability of the mural. In order to find out the macroscopic causes of secondary cracks, endoscope, infrared thermal imager, three-dimensional laser scanner and other equipment were applied to study the relations between cracks’ attitude and structural defects of the eave wall, as well as the pathway that external environment act on the mural noumenon through comprehensive investigation, and the idea of restoring the stability of the mural by blocking the air channel and offsetting the environmental stress is put forward.
Evolution of Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides, Humanin and MOTSc and Changes in Insulin Sensitivity During Early Gestation
Authors: Ruiz David , Santibáñez Miguel , Alio-Lavín Bernardo , Álvarez Isabel , Berja Ana , Montalbán Coral , Vázquez Luis Alberto
Published: June 2021

Aims: To study the evolution of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) and their relationship with changes in insulin sensitivity from the early stages of pregnancy.Methods: MDPs (humanin and MOTSc) were assessed in the first and second trimesters of gestation in 28 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and a subgroup of 45 matched pregnant women without GDM. Insulin resistance (IR) was defined as a HOMA-IR index ≥70 percentile.Results: We observed a significant reduction in both humanin and MOTSc levels from the first to the second trimesters of pregnancy. After adjusting for BMI we did not find an association between low levels of humanin and the occurrence of a high HOMA-IR index (adjusted OR= 2.63 and 3.14, linear p-trend 0.260 and 0.175, respectively). Regarding MOTSc, an association was found only for the second trimester: adjusted OR=7.68 (95% CI 1.49-39.67), linear p-trend=0.012. No significant associations were observed in humanin change with insulin resistance throughout pregnancy, but changes in MOTSc levels were significantly associated with HOMA-IR index: adjusted OR 3.73 (95% CI 1.03-13.50).Conclusions: MOTSc levels, especially a strong decrease from the first to the second trimester of gestation, may be involved in increasing insulin resistance during early gestation.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONNot applicable
Discordant American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Scoring between Anesthesiologists and Surgeons Is Correlated With Adverse Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 46284 Elective Surgical Patients
Authors: Kwa Charlene Xian Wen , Cui Jiaqian , Lim Daniel Yan Zheng , Sim Yilin Eileen , Ke Yuhe , abdullah hairil Rizal
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA) score is used for communication of patient health status, risk scoring, benchmarking and financial claims. Prior studies using hypothetical scenarios have shown poor concordance of ASA scoring among healthcare providers. However, there is a paucity of concordance studies using real-world data, as well as studies of clinical factors or patient outcomes associated with discordant scoring. The study aims to assess real-world ASA score concordance between surgeons and anesthesiologists, factors surrounding discordance and its impact on patient outcomes. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary academic medical center on 46284 consecutive patients undergoing elective surgery between January 2017 and December 2019. ASA scores entered by surgeons and anesthesiologists, patient demographics, and post-operative outcomes were collected. We assessed the concordance of preoperative ASA scoring between surgeons and anesthesiologists, clinical factors associated with score discordance, the impact of score discordance on clinically important outcomes, and the discriminative ability of the two scores for 30-day mortality, 1-year mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Statistical tests used included Cohen’s weighted 𝜅 score, chi-square test, t-test, unadjusted odds ratios and logistic regression models. ResultsThe ASA score showed moderate concordance (weighted Cohen’s 𝜅 0.53) between surgeons and anesthesiologists. 15098 patients (32.6%) had discordant scores, of which 11985 (79.4%) were scored lower by surgeons. We found significant associations between discordant scores and anesthesiologist-assessed comorbidities, patient age and race. Patients with discordant scores had a higher risk of 30-day mortality (odds ratio 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52-2.62, p<0.0001), 1-year mortality (odds ratio 1.53, 95% CI = 1.38-1.69, p < 0.0001), and ICU admission >24 hours (odds ratio 1.69, 95% CI = 1.47-1.94, p< 0.0001), and stratified analyses showed a trend towards higher risk when the surgeons’ ASA score was lower. Conclusions﻿There is moderate concordance between surgeons and anesthesiologists in assigning the ASA classification. Discordant ASA scores are associated with adverse patient outcomes. Hence, there is a need for improved standardization of ASA scoring and cross-specialty review in ASA-discordant cases.
Fecundity, Survival and Susceptibility of Bedbugs (Cimex Hemipterus), Exposed to Selected Classes of Insecticides: A Short Report
Authors: OBOH MARY Aigbiremo , Olusegun-Joseph Taiye Shade , Awoniyi Adedayo Michael , Ileaboya Maureen Ihinosen , Lawal Bukola Tawakalitu , Fagbohun Ifeoluwa Kayode
Published: June 2021

Background: Tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus, is a nocturnal obligate blood-sucking ecto-parasite of humans that is highly prevalent in Nigeria. Bed bug control heavily relies on the application of several insecticides-based formulations. Insecticide resistance in bed bug populations has been widely reported. Here, we assessed the mortality and fecundity of bed bugs following exposure to different classes of insecticides. Methods: Bed bugs were collected from students’ halls of resident and exposed to DDT (4%), permethrin (0.75), bendiocarb (0.1) and malathion (4%) insecticide-impregnated papers. Mortality and number of eggs laid by each exposed groups were recorded at 24hrs, 48hrs and 72hrs. Results: The relative numbers of eggs produced by bedbugs in the DDT, bendiocarb and malathion assays were lower than what was observed in the control 24 hours after exposure. The highest reduction in egg production was observed in the malathion exposed-group compared to the other insecticides and the control group. The impact of the different assays on bugs mortality revealed DDT to produce a time-dependent outcome with the highest death rate (36.7%) recorded 24 hours’ post-exposure. In contrast, malathion and bendiocarb impacted the most mortality (53.3% and 46.6%) after 72 hours. Conclusion: This study revealed an occurrence of suspected insecticide resistance to all classes of insecticide used in bed bug populations in Lagos State, Nigeria.
High-dose Salvage Re-irradiation in Recurrent/progressive Adult Diffuse High-Grade Glioma: Development of a Novel Prognostic Scoring System
Authors: Gupta Tejpal , Maitre Madan , Maitre Priyamvada , Chatterjee Abhishek , Dasgupta Archya , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Shetty Prakash , Epari Sridhar , Sahay Ayushi , Patil Vijay , Goda Jayant Sastri , Jalali Rakesh
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Over the past two decades, high-dose salvage re-irradiation (re-RT) has been used increasingly in the multimodality management of adults with recurrent/progressive high-grade glioma (HGG). Several factors that determine outcomes following re-RT have been incorporated into prognostic models to guide patient selection. We aimed to develop a novel four-tiered prognostic model incorporating relevant molecular markers from our single-institutional cohort of patients treated with high-dose salvage re-RT for recurrent/progressive HGG. Methods: Various patient, disease, and treatment-related factors impacting upon survival following salvage re-RT were identified through univariate analysis. Each of these prognostic factors was further subdivided and assigned scores of 0 (good-risk), 1 (intermediate-risk), or 2 (high-risk) to create a composite prognostic scoring system. Scores from individual prognostic factors were added to derive the cumulative score (ranging from 0 to 16), with increasing scores indicating worsening prognosis. Results: A total of 111 patients with recurrent/progressive HGG treated with salvage high-dose re-RT constituted the study dataset. We could assign patients into four prognostic subgroups (A=15 patients, score 0-3); (B=50 patients, score 4-7); (C=33 patients, score 8-10); and (D=13 patients, score 11-16) with completely non-overlapping survival curves suggesting the good discriminatory ability of the proposed prognostic scoring system. Post-re-RT survival was significantly higher in Group A compared to groups B, C, and D, respectively (stratified log-rank p-value <0.0001). Conclusion: A novel four-tiered prognostic scoring system incorporating traditional factors as well as relevant molecular markers is proposed for selecting patients appropriately for high-dose salvage re-RT.
Embedded Obfuscated Barcodes for Identification of Genuine Additive Manufactured Parts
Authors: Chen Fei , PINISETTY DINESH , Gupta Nikhil
Published: June 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been adopted for manufacturing complex shaped highly customized components for aerospace, automotive, and medical fields, where intellectual property protection and counterfeit detection are major concerns. New technologies such as Blockchain have been promising in supply chain authentication. However, AM due to layer-by-layer manufacturing process provides opportunities of embedding information inside the part during manufacturing, which has been explored recently to embed identification codes inside the parts. The present work studies the possibility of printing a barcode inside the additively manufactured part and develops a scheme to obfuscate the code design to read differently from different directions to enhance the security and protect the intellectual property. The embedded three-dimensional codes are scanned using a micro-CT scan. This scheme of embedded obfuscated codes proves to be a highly customizable and efficient process while securing product design files.
Research on Resonance Mechanism and Collaborative Optimization of Double-cavity Self-Excited Oscillating Pulse Cavitation Jet Nozzle
Authors: yuan xiaoming , Wang Li , Wang Weidong , Zhang Lijie , Zhu Yong
Published: June 2021

The peak value and pulsation amplitude of the self-excited oscillating pulse cavitation jet nozzle are important indexes to evaluate the jet performance. It is of great significance in theory and engineering practice to predict the peak value of the self-excited oscillating pulse cavitation jet nozzle accurately. In order to investigate the evolution mechanism of the inner and outer flow field of a double-cavity self-excited oscillation pulse cavitation jet nozzle, a simulation model of the jet impact test of the nozzle was established. Before entrance rounded corners, former cavity cavity diameter, cavity cavity length, before the cavity under the nozzle diameter, cavity, the cavity cavity after entry the rounded, lumen diameter, cavity length and cavity after cavity under the nozzle diameter as design variables, and strike force to combat force peak pulse amplitude as the target variable, the orthogonal experiment method, back propagation neural network combined with non dominated sorting genetic algorithm, The collaborative optimization design method of self-excited oscillating pulse cavitation jet nozzle was determined. Based on the collaborative optimization results, the 3D printing technology was used to manufacture the visualization test model of the flow field of the self-excited oscillating pulse cavitation jet nozzle, and the experimental verification was carried out. The results show that when the inlet pressure is 2MPa, the main and secondary order of the influences of various factors on the jet performance of the nozzle is the nozzle diameter under the front cavity, the diameter of the back cavity, the diameter of the front cavity, the length of the front cavity, the nozzle diameter under the back cavity, the cavity distance, the fillet of the back cavity, the fillet of the front cavity and the length of the back cavity. Compared with the optimal result of orthogonal test, the amplitude of impact pulsation and the peak value of impact force are increased by 14.61% and 2.42% respectively. The optimal structure of the nozzle determined by collaborative optimization can produce obvious pulse cavitation jet, and the cavitation region of the nozzle cavity contracts periodically with time. The higher the inlet pressure, the higher the cavitation intensity and the higher the content of hollow bubble. This study can promote the development of jet performance calculation of self-excited oscillation pulse cavitation jet nozzles, and provide support for the design of self-excited oscillation pulse cavitation jet nozzles.
Synthesis of Layered Octadecyltrimethylammonium-Templated Aluminosilicate and its Use as a Thickening Agentfor Lubricating Grease
Authors: Han Lukun , Niu Wenxing , Zhao Xinrui , Xu Hong , Dong Jinxiang
Published: June 2021

We describe herein the use of octadecyltrimethylammonium-templated aluminosilicate (designated as LS) as a thickener to induce gelation. LS samples with different aluminum/silicon molar ratios (Al/Si = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, 27Al MAS NMR spectra, elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The aluminum/silicon molar ratio was shown to be an important factor affecting the rheological properties of LS gels. With increasing Al/Si molar ratio, the viscoelasticity and structural strength of LS gel were enhanced, the dropping point increased, and the amount of oil separation decreased. LS(0.20) gel exhibited superior relative elastic character. The strength of the LS(0.20) gel was also enhanced with increasing LS(0.20) content. In SRV tests, LS(0.20) gel with different contents showed good performance in terms of load-bearing ability and anti-wear property, indicating that LS was strongly adhered on the friction surface, and thereby promoted lubrication. Owing to simple preparation, the promising rheological and tribological properties, LS gel hold great potential application in lubricating grease.
A preliminary study on the efficacy and safety of 3-hole VS 5-hole laparoscopic radical cystectomy
Authors: peng longfei , bi liangkuan , yu dexin , wang jinyou
Published: June 2021

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of three hole laparoscopic radical cystectomy(LRC) in comparison with five hole LRC.
Methods

The patients who underwent radical cystectomy from January 2019 to March 2021 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Basic information and preoperative and postoperative data were collected(such as gender, age, hemoglobin, creatinine, operation time, blood loss, ventilation time, etc).Statistical analysis was used to determine whether there was statistical significance between the two groups(3-hole VS 5-hole).
Results

A total of 99 patients with radical cystectomy and urinary diversion were collected.Three hole laparoscopy included 33 cases and five hole laparoscopy included 66 cases.The basic characteristics of the two groups of data did not have significant statistical significance.The operation time and exsufflation time of 3-hole method were significantly shorter than that of 5-hole method in patients with ileal conduit. In patients with orthotopic neobladder, the exsufflation time and postoperative hospital stay of 3-hole method were significantly shorter than that of 5-hole method.Total laparoscopic surgery has shorter ventilation time than in vitro urinary diversion.
Conclusions

Compared with 5-hole LRC, 3-hole LRC can reduce the operation time, shorten the hospitalization time, reduce the hospitalization cost and save medical resources. However, due to the small sample size and short follow-up time, the long-term benefits need to be further observed.
Effect of a new type of drug supplement on epileptic seizure induced by pilocarpine and the amount of nitric oxide produced by vascular epithelial cells as a trigger for migraine headache
Authors: Bayat Azam , Khalkhali Aref , Mahjoub Ali Reza
Published: June 2021

The present study aims to investigate the effect of a new type of dietary supplement on epileptic seizure induced by pilocarpine and the amount of nitric oxide produced by vascular epithelial cells as a trigger for migraine headache. New healthy and live drug supplement were synthesized by a green route. This organic biomaterial was named NBS. Concentrations of the drug supplement were prepared by dissolving dry powder in saline phosphate-buffered. In recent years, NO has been suggested as one of the factors involved in migraine headache. Nitrite concentration was also measured as an indicator of nitric oxide production by Griess method. In order to induce seizure, on 25th day after birth, each puppy was injected into control and treatment groups with healthy and live diet in 150 mg/ kg subcutaneously. The behavior of each rat was recorded by a digital camera and two observers. It can be stated that this supplement causes a significant reduction in the level of 5% concentration of nitric oxide compared to the control group (p≤0.05). Also, 15 mg/ kg of the Dapsone increases the duration of seizure from medication to onset of seizure, while, using the new NBS healthy and live diet significantly increases this time compared to the Dapsone recipient group. The new healthy and nutritious drug can significantly reduce the incidence of migraine headaches and would prevent the onset of a seizure.
Sales Forecasting Model Based on BP Neural Network Optimized by Improved Immune Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Cao Kunyu , Chen Yongdang , Song Xinxin , Liu Shan
Published: June 2021

A new sales forecasting model based on an Improved Immune Genetic Algorithm (IIGA), IIGA that optimizes the BPNN (IIGA-BP) has been proposed. The IIGA presents a new way of population initialization, a regulatory mechanism of antibody concentration, and a design method of adaptive crossover operator and mutation operator, which effectively improved the convergence ability and optimization anility of IIGA. And IIGA can optimize the BPNN’s initial weights and threshold and improve the randomness of network parameters as well as the drawbacks that lead to output instability of BPNN and easiness into local minimum value. It taking the past records of sales figures of a certain steel enterprise as an example, utilizing the Matlab to construct the BP neural network, Immune Genetic Algorithm that optimizes the BPNN (IGA-BP), IGA-BP neural network, and IIGA-BP neural network prediction models for simulation and comparative analysis. The experiment demonstrates that IIGA-BP neural network prediction model possessing a higher prediction accuracy and more stable prediction effects.
Effect of cutting angle on the performance of the head of a roadheader
Authors: Xu Yu-dong
Published: June 2021

The cutting head is a key component of a roadheader’s cutting function, and its design level directly determines the performance of the whole machine to a certain extent. Taking the installation angle of the pick-shaped cutter on the head of the roadheader as a research object, a conversion relationship model between the mounting angle of the cutter and the angle of the cutting function was established. The rock cutting process of the cutting head was simulated by the LS-DYNA finite element software. The simulation model reveals the influence of the angle of teeth on the cutting resistance, load fluctuation and cutting ratio energy consumption. The simulation results show that the cutting resistance decreases gradually with increasing cutting angle. When the cutting angle is greater than 50°, the cutting effect is better. The artificial rock cutting moment determined by the experiment is compared with the simulation results, and the correctness of the established simulation model is verified. This research presents a theoretical basis for the improvement of the cutting performance of the cutting head of a roadheader and provides a theoretical reference for the study of other cutting problems.
Computational Modeling of Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity of Flavonoids Derivatives for Diabetic Complications Treatment
Authors: Díaz-Amador Roberto , Cañizares-Carmenate Yudith , Taboada-Crispi Alberto , Castillo-Garit Juan A.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that constitutes a risk factor
for patients infected by COVID-19. Aldose reductase (ALR2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation
of sorbitol in the metabolism of glucose via polyols in diabetic patients and leads to a group
of diabetic complications: cataracts, retinopathies, neuropathies, and nephropathies.

Introduction:

Inhibitors of this enzyme are therapeutic targets for the prophylaxis and treatment of
these conditions. The aim of this work was to identify flavonoids isolated from medicinal plants,
fruits, and vegetables as potential inhibitors of ALR2.

Methods:

In this study, using the MATLAB numerical computation system and the molecular descriptors
implemented in the DRAGON software, a regression tree was developed, with an R2 of
0.953 and adequate parameters for its fit.

Results:

he model was validated to take into account internal and external validation procedures.
Besides, the applicability domain was determined to guarantee the reliability of the predictions. Due
to its good predictive power (R2
ext = 0.949), the model was used to predict the inhibition of ALR2 by
flavonoids reported in dietary sources. The most promising flavonoids are Myricetin and Tricin
(pIC50predicted = 7.296), which are within the application domain and meet drug-like properties for
oral administration.

Conclusion:

Finally, we can conclude that the proposed tools are useful for the rapid and economical
identification of flavonoid-based potential drug candidates against ALR2 in diabetic complications.
State-of-the-Art and Projected Developments of Nanofiber Filter Material
for Face Mask Against COVID-19
Authors: Patel Gayatri , Patel Priya , Yadav Bindu Kumari
Published: June 2021

Background:

The Covid-19 epidemic was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization
in March 2020. It is difficult to foresee the future length and severity; it may extend to weeks,
months, or even years to deplete the energy and resources of the health care facilities and the providers
as there is marginal to no pharmacological medication available to treat the Covid-19. Unless an effective
pharmacological treatment such as medicines and vaccines is developed and released publicly,
wearing protective face masks and protecting personal health and hygiene is merely a choice to avoid
the Covid-19 spread. This review summarizes the background knowledge on the Covid-19 disease and
currently available face masks for highly infectious disease primary prevention. According to recent
studies of Covid-19 prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, nanotechnologists have provided a revolutionary
approach that involves both pharmacological and non-pharmacological steps, one of which is
the use of nanofibers in facemasks and respirators.

Method:

Various researches carried out in the field of nanomask and patented reports based on the
application of nanomask were reviewed.

The most recent developments of nanofibers, including research publications, patents and
commercial products in Covid-19 prevention, are extensively reviewed from scientific literature and
appropriately represented in this study.
MicroRNA (miRNA) Differential Expression and Exposure to Crude-Oil- Related Compounds
Authors: Vargas Gabriela Coronel
Published: June 2021

:

This review summarizes studies on miRNA differential regulation related to exposure to
crude oil and 20 different crude oil chemicals, such as hydrocarbons, sulphur, nitrogen, and metalcontaining
compounds. It may be interesting to explore the possibility of using early post-transcriptional
regulators as a potential novel exposure biomarker.

:

Crude oil has been defined as a highly complex mixture of solids, liquids, and gases. Given the toxicological
properties of the petroleum components, its extraction and elaboration processes represent
high-risk activities for the environment and human health, especially when accidental spills occur.
The effects on human health of short-term exposure to petroleum are well known, but chronic
exposure effects may variate depending on the exposure type (i.e., work, clean-up activities, or
nearby residence).

:

As only two studies are focused on miRNA differential expression after crude-oil exposure, this review
will also analyse the bibliography concerning different crude-oil or Petroleum-Related Compounds
(PRC) exposure in Animalia L. kingdom and how it is related to differential miRNA transcript
levels. Papers include in vitro, animal, and human studies across the world.

:

A list of 10 miRNAs (miR-142-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-451a, miR-16-5p, miR-28-5p,
let-7b-5p, miR-320b, miR-27a-3p and miR-346) was created based on bibliography analysis and
hypothesised as a possible “footprint” for crude-oil exposure. miRNA differential regulation can be
considered a Big-Data related challenge, so different statistical programs and bioinformatics tools
were used to have a better understanding of the biological significate of the most interesting data.
Catalytic Performance of CaO/SiO2 Prepared from Local Limestone Industry and Rice Husk Silica
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, Pandiangan Kamisah D. , Simanjuntak Wasinton ,   Department of Chemistry, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, Ilim Ilim ,   Department of Chemistry, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, Satria Heri ,   Department of Chemistry, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, Jamarun Novesar ,   Department of Chemistry, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
Published: June 2021

This research was conducted to study the performance of CaO/SiO2 prepared from local limestone and rice husk silica as catalyst for transesterification of coconut oil. A series of catalysts with CaO loads of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% relative to silica was prepared using solgel method, followed by calcination at 700 °C for six hours. The catalysts were then used to evaluate the effect of CaO loads on percent of conversion of coconut oil. Several kinetic factors associated with transesterification was also investigated. The products of transesterification were analyzed using GC-MS technique, revealing that they are composed methyl esters of fatty acid composing coconut oil. Quite significant effect of CaO loads observed, in which the higher the load, the higher the percent of conversion. However, it should be noted that the use of 25% CaO led to formation of soap due to leaching of some CaO from the catalyst. Taking this leaching into account, it was then concluded that percent of conversion of 98.3%, is the best result, which was obtained with the use of catalyst with CaO load of 20%, reaction time of 60 minutes, methanol to oil ratio of 8:1, and the catalyst amount of 5% relative to mass of the oil.
Javaslat a zöld infrastruktúra jelentőségének növelésére a smart city koncepcióban
Authors: Hancz Gabriella
Published: June 2021

A dolgozat célja az EFOP-3.6.1-16 projecten belül a „Fenntartható Integrált Település És Területfejlesztés” nevű kutatócsoport céljainak megfelelően egy smart city szakértői anyag összeállítása. A projectben végzett személyre szabott kutatással összhangban elsősorban a fenntartható városi vízgazdálkodással összefüggő kérdésekben végeztem kutatást a smart city koncepció tükrében. Elsősorban arra kerestem a választ, hogy a smart city koncepció, amely magától értetődően a fenntartható városfejlesztés egy lehetséges megvalósulása, hogyan építi be a stratégiájába a fenntartható városi vízgazdálkodás, ezen belül a csapadékvízgazdálkodás és az ezt lehetővé tevő városi zöld infrastruktúra elemeit. Ehhez egyrészt a magyarul közzétett módszertani útmutatókat és a témában eddig megjelent egyetemi jegyzetet vettem alapul. Arra az eredményre számítottam, hogy ezek egymással teljesen összhangban és átfedésben vannak, de nem ezt találtam és ennek megfelelően fogalmaztam meg néhány javaslatot annak érdekében, hogy, amennyiben a smart city koncepció mentén valósulhatnak meg az előremutató városfejlesztések, ne szorulhasson háttérbe a zöld infrastruktúra megvalósulása a kívánt összhang hiánya miatt.
Development of a Low-cost Pressure Sensor
Authors: Rónai László , Lénárt József , Szabó Tamás
Published: June 2021

In this paper development of a pressure sensor has been discussed. The main benefit of this sensor is relatively cheap compared to commercially available ones. The unit contains a beam type load cell and a pneumatic cylinder. The load cell has 4 strain gauges in Wheatstone bridge configuration in order to convert the change of resistance into measurable voltage. The system is well applicable in numerous circumstances, where digital pressure signal is necessary for control or data acquisition.
Effect of periodontal disease on circulatory system via vascular endothelial function
Authors: Aoyama Norio
Published: June 2021

In establishing better interconnectedness between different branches of medicine, new advancements can be made. Instead of focusing on the affected region of a body, it can be helpful to look at a bigger picture and explore the links to other body parts. For example, there are links
between dentistry and general medicine but yet there remains a separation between the two. There is a growing awareness of how oral health can impact on the rest of the body, such as links between periodontal disease and cardiovascular diseases, and this is the context of Associate Professor
Norio Aoyama's work. He is based at Kanagawa Dental University, Japan, where he is exploring the links between the cardiovascular system and the oral environment. He hopes that his work can enhance awareness of the relationship between medical care and dentistry. Periodontal disease can lead
to chronic infection and eventual loss of teeth. One hallmark of this chronic infection is the related chronic immune response with inflammation and Aoyama believes the link between periodontal and cardiovascular disease is due to this chronic element. Aoyama and his team try demonstrating
a causal link between the two diseases by recruiting patients to create control and test groups. The patients in the main test group, with periodontal disease but no cardiovascular risk factors, might have their vascular endothelial dysfunction examined using reactive hyperaemia peripheral
arterial tonometry.
CIEDs (cardiac implantable electronic devices) error due to neutrons from X-ray therapy equipment
Authors: Matsubara Hiroaki , Matsubara Hiroaki
Published: June 2021

Interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary for the advancement of medicine. A lack of collaboration can lead to misconceptions and a lack of theoretical understanding, which can affect the care afforded to patients. With the right collaborations between scientists in fields outside
of medicine, misconceptions can be corrected and understanding improved. Assistant Professor Hiroaki Matsubara, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan, is a nuclear physicist who is applying his skills and expertise to advance the field of medicine. Nuclear physics is used in several key
techniques and tools in medicine such as X-rays and radiotherapy. Matsubara is interested in the issues that can arise in patients with implanted cardiac devices that require radiotherapy. The radiation from radiotherapy can affect the proper functioning of cardiac implantable electronic devices
(CIEDs), leading to dangerous malfunctions, even when the tumour being targeted is far from the heart. From gathering data from clinical settings and running tests in non-clinical environments Matsubara found that there was no correlation between photon exposure levels and device malfunction,
which suggested another source of malfunction arising after radiotherapy. Using his nuclear expertise, he was able to uncover the source of CIED malfunction following radiotherapy.
Fundamental research for jawbone regenerative medicine development using adipose tissue-derived stem cells
Authors: Matsumoto Goichi
Published: June 2021

Bone loss around the teeth and jaw can occur for a number of reasons and this can lead to deterioration of the alveolar and masticatory and aesthetic disorders. Oftentimes, this impairs quality of life. It is possible to reconstruct the lower jaw using bone harvested from the patient's
body but there are limitations associated with this method. Another option is using bone marrow cancellous bone fragments containing autologous bone marrow-derived somatic stem cells (BMSCs) but, again, there are limitations. Therefore, alternative methods of jawbone reconstruction are required.
Dr Goichi Matsumoto, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan, is an expert in this area. He is exploring the potential of using adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in jawbone reconstruction and believes this would overcome the limitations of existing
methods as well as advancing regeneration therapy. There are numerous benefits to the use of ADSCs, but in order to move forward with this it is first necessary to explore the characteristics of ADSCs in detail, this includes investigating 'the proliferation ability and multi-differentiation
potential of ADSCs. This will enable high-quantity and quality ADSCs to be obtained for clinical cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. It is Matsumoto's goal to develop a new mandibular regeneration treatment that involves regenerating the mandible by locally releasing a growth factor
with bone-forming ability called basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The researchers are also working to develop and commercialise a hybrid bone cement.
A new research landscape
Authors: Annette Lucy
Published: June 2021

Research is a critical element of progress and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some of the true value and importance of scientific research and innovation. It has also demonstrated how innovation and research can impact society on an individual level as well as a global basis.
The UK is one of the countries that consistently features on the global Top 10 lists highlighting quality research output as determined by publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Despite its small geographic size, the UK is highly respected on the global scientific research stage,
with such illustrious scientific feats as uncovering the structure of DNA and developing the steam engine attributable to British innovation.
Molecular pathogenesis of ICF syndrome
Authors: Unoki Motoko
Published: June 2021

Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is characterized by frequent appearance of multiradial chromosomes, which are distinctive chromosome fusions that occur at hypomethylated pericentromeric regions comprising repetitive sequences, in activated
lymphocytes. The syndrome is caused by mutations in DNMT3B, ZBTB24, CDCA7, or HELLS. Dr. Motoko Unoki, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Japan, was involved in the team to identify the CDCA7 and HELLS genes as causative genes of ICF syndrome. Recent studies including Unoki's
studies suggested that de novo DNA methylation is likely defective in patients with ICF syndrome harboring mutations in DNMT3B, whereas accumulating evidence suggests that replication-uncoupled maintenance DNA methylation of late-replicating regions is impaired in patients with ICF syndrome
harboring mutations in ZBTB24, CDCA7, or HELLS. ZBTB24 is a transcriptional activator of CDCA7, and CDCA7 and HELLS compose a chromatin remodeling complex and are involved in the maintenance DNA methylation through an interaction with UHRF1 in a feed-forward manner. The latest study by Unoki
possibly provided the missing link between DNA hypomethylation and the formation of the abnormal chromosomes; it could occur via aberrant transcription from the hypomethylated regions, followed by pathological R-loop formation. The homologous-recombination dominant condition caused by a defect
in non-homologous end joining observed in several types of ICF syndrome could facilitate the formation of multiradial chromosomes.
Can gastritis AI evaluate the risk of gastric cancer? - A challenging task for deep learning to get gastrointestinal pathologists' eyes.
Authors: Sakai Yasuhiro , Iwaya Mai , Mori Kensaku
Published: June 2021

AI has led to extraordinary medical breakthroughs, one of which is the digitisation of pathological slides which negates the need for classical optical microscopes. Also thanks to AI, clinicians and researchers can access great swathes of data that can be used to enhance understanding
of diseases and improve patient outcomes. In his research, Dr Yasuhiro Sakai is exploring the possibilities facilitated by AI and big data, with a focus on gastric cancer. He has established the Japan Pathology AI Diagnostics Project (JP-AID) and is collaborating with Dr Mai Iwaya and Professor
Kensaku Mori, with input from other researchers based at Shinshu University, Fujita Health University, Nagoya University and the National Institute of Informatics. The researchers are using AI to evaluate the risk factors of gastric cancer, including the degree of chronic gastritis, neutrophil
infiltration and intestinal metaplasia. In using AI, the researchers aim to overcome limitations associated with the 'Updated Sydney System (USS)', which is a pathological scoring system for gastritis. Limitations of the USS are that the scoring system is subjective and in order to produce
precise scoring, substantial gastrointestinal pathology experience is required. Sakai and the team are using AI to create new methods for evaluating gastritis that are efficient and will save time for pathologists.