bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategy of numerical modelling for band saw blade on wood logs cutting
Authors: Villas Bôas Daniel , Lima Machado Elder Jesus , Molina Julio Cesar , Duarte de Souza Alexandre Jorge , Zavaleta-Aguilar Elí Wilfredo
Published: January 2024

The band saw blade, used on the wood log cutting, is exposed in service manufacturing to applications which can cause mechanical damages and affect the quality of the tool and the wood produced. To related applications, the shear stress is essential to the correct wood machining. the proposal of this paper was the numerically analyze the influence of the parallel shear force, applied vertically at the saw blade tooth, in response to the normal longitudinal tensions (σy) in service. A numeric model was constructed, by using of the commercial software based on the Finite Elements Method (FEM). In a first analysis, only a tensile stress was applied to the model on the upper edge of the blade, the deformation results obtained were used in the secondary analysis, with the simultaneous application of vertical point loads on the saw teeth.
Detecting RFID chipless technology with software programmed radio: a study of slit and line configurations
Authors: Mancini Henry , Paulo da Silva Neto Lauro
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential for monitoring chipless RFID technology using a radio transmitter and receiver. The researchers analyzed the behavior of a printed label made with an aluminum-based ink from a thermal printer and compared the read characteristics of the receptor with a baseline. The results showed a shift in the reading characteristics near the resonance point of the curve. In the resonance area, the coded signal deviated from the baseline, floating above the baseline in the slit configuration and below in the line configuration. These observations provide valuable insights into the performance of chipless RFID technology and the potential to optimize its functionality. Chipless RFID technology has the potential to revolutionize the packaging industry by offering a cost-effective and efficient means of tracking and managing inventory. Unlike traditional RFID tags, chipless RFID utilizes the unique characteristics of the packaging material itself to store and transmit data, eliminating the need for expensive chips and simplifying the manufacturing and assembly process. Real-time item tracking, product quality and safety monitoring, and improved supply chain management are among the benefits of chipless RFID, with the potential to enhance efficiency, reduce waste, and increase profitability for companies.
Some Bounds for the Regularity of the Edge Ideals and Their Powers in a Certain Class of Graphs
Authors: Ashitha Tom , Asir Thangaraj , Hoang Do Trong , Pournaki Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2024

Let 𝑛 ≥ 2 be an integer. The graph is obtained by letting all the elements of {0, … , 𝑛 − 1} to be the vertices and defining distinct vertices 𝑥 and 𝑦 to be adjacent if and only if gcd(𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑛) ≠ 1. In this paper, we give some bounds for the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of the edge ideals and their powers for .
Gemeinschaft versus Gesellschaft: Cooperatives and the problem of free-riding in the provision of collective goods
Authors: Pietrzak Michał , Chlebicka Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Background: Cooperatives are unique entities that combine both non-profit and business attributes, reflecting the dual nature of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft.

Research objectives: This article aims to explore the hybrid nature of cooperatives and the tension between community and business aspects in the context of the provision of collective goods. Specifically, we focused on the free-riding problem, which can harm the viability of cooperatives.

Research design and methods: We based the article on critical analysis and discussion of the literature. The research questions were as follows: What is the inherent nature of cooperatives? What is the essence of the free-rider problem in cooperatives? How could the dual nature of cooperatives help deal with the problem of free-riding?

Results: We discussed different Gemeinschaft-based approaches to mitigate free riding, such as kinship selection, direct reciprocity, and indirect reciprocity, which, however, create limitations on the size of the group of cooperators. There is tension between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, as increasing membership for economic growth can lead to the erosion of social capital. We discussed three possible solutions, including massification, privatization, and leveraging the possibilities of online communities.

Conclusions: Only the last approach, namely leveraging possibilities of online communities offers the solution to the difficult situation caused by the tension between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft as it does not violate the cooperative identity while still allowing for increased scale of the operations.
Educação linguística crítica para a transformação social radical: discussões sobre letramentos, criticidade e afeto em tempos de barbárie
Authors: Rogério Tilio , Rocha Claudia Hilsdorf
Published: January 2024

Nossa proposta, neste artigo, é discutir a ideia de educação linguística crítica com vistas a uma transformação social radical, entendendo que esta só ocorre se conduzida de forma crítica e afetiva. Para isso, revisitamos o conceito de letramento crítico, buscando refletir sobre sua ligação com a afetividade. Após uma breve revisão do conceito de criticidade e de sua apropriação pedagógica pelas vertentes denominadas pensamento crítico, pedagogia crítica e letramento crítico, alinhamo-nos com uma perspectiva de criticidade como prática problematizadora a partir do engajamento com as diferenças. Argumentamos em favor de uma educação linguística pautada em uma postura crítico-afetiva, em tempos caóticos, a fim de que o processo educativo possa realizar-se de modo alinhado à filosofia freireana e, assim, revelar-se transformador e orientado para a paz. Por fim, apresentamos uma breve releitura da chamada pedagogia dos multiletramentos, com o intuito de fomentar possibilidades de encaminhamentos pedagógicos que contribuam, de fato, para a transformação social radical.
O Alienista: entre a Razão e a Loucura de Simão Bacamarte
Authors: Santos Marcos Ramponi dos
Published: January 2024

O conto O Alienista foi escrito por Machado de Assis e publicado entre 1881 e 1882. A história tem como protagonista Simão Bacamarte, alienista, que pode ser o precursor do psiquiatra. Bacamarte ocupa lugar de destaque na vila de Itaguaí, no Rio de Janeiro, após voltar de seus estudos na Europa. Instalou a casa de Orates ou Casa Verde, um asilo para tratar da saúde mental dos considerados alienados. Com o apoio dos vereadores e da população local, logrou êxito, mas se tornou obcecado e acabou internando quase todos os moradores. Utilizou-se a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica que tem por objetivo o levantamento de materiais relacionados ao tema do estudo. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a obra machadiana em sua crítica sobre a sanidade e a loucura, refletindo sobre o papel e autoridade do médico psiquiatra, além de pensar o modelo de internação em asilos e hospícios.
Lateral torsional capacity of steel beams in different loading conditions by neural network
Authors: Rossi Alexandre , Hosseinpour Mahmoud , de Carvalho Adriano Silva , Martins Carlos Humberto , Sharifi Yasser
Published: January 2024

Lateral torsional buckling (LTB) is a common mode of failure in steel structures due to instability. However, current standard recommendations have limitations in accurately determining the ultimate capacity of members subjected to LTB. To address this issue, an in-depth parametric study using finite-element analysis (FEA) was conducted to investigate the effects of major parameters, including various types of loading, on the strength of steel I-beams. Additionally, the artificial neural network (ANN) technique was used to find a reliable procedure for assessing the LTB strength of steel I-beams using a generated database. To demonstrate the efficacy of the developed formulation, it was compared against predictions using existing equations. The presented formula demonstrated strong accuracy, making it an effective tool for engineers designing I-beams to resist LTB. This research makes significant contributions to the structural engineering field and has important implications for the creation and evaluation of steel structures.
Pathways to Equity in Addressing Climate Change: A Bahá’í Perspective
Authors: Sarracino Robert Sinclair , Dixon Margery
Published: January 2024

According to current scientific consensus, anthropogenic climate change has become one of the most serious existential threats to human civilization. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, Bahá’u’lláh warned of the dangers inherent in the unbridled advancement of material civilization if a parallel advance in the moral and spiritual dimensions of civilization were neglected.This article outlines a framework with three components for dealing with the crisis of anthropogenic climate change. The first component is to embrace justice and equity, rooted in an awareness of the essential oneness and wholeness of the human race. The second is the full embrace of sound science. The third is consultation at all levels of society regarding the technological and social measures to be taken, in which all have a voice and participate in forging solutions.It then outlines Bahá’í approaches to climate change in light of this framework. It first profiles the worldwide Bahá’í community, then discusses the concept of the three protagonists in the civilization-building process, and finally outlines the framework for action, which characterizes Bahá’í work at the neighborhood and community level.
1980 Sonrasında Türkiye’de Sol Hareketler ve Sol Partiler
Authors: BİÇİCİ Mehmet , DOĞRU Deniz
Published: January 2024

Dünya siyaset arenasında sol ideolojisi, Fransız İhtilalinden sonra Fransa Meclisinde, meclis üyelerinin oturma şeklinden dolayı ortaya çıktığı varsayılmaktadır. Fransa Meclisinde kurulan parlamentoda başkanın sol tarafına hürriyeti benimseyenler, değişimi ve dönüşümü savunanlar, sağ tarafında ise değişim ve dönüşüm karşıtı olan ve üretim tekelini elinde tutanlar oturmuştur. 12 Eylül 1980 tarihinde yapılan askeri darbeyle birlikte Türkiye’de birçok siyasi parti kapatılmıştır. 1980 yılında askeri cunta, yönetimi siyasi iktidara bırakmak için genel seçimlere gitmiştir. 1980 genel seçimleri ile sağ kesimi temsil eden ve Turgut Özal liderliğindeki Anavatan Partisi iktidara gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte sol partiler bir çatı altında toplanmaya çalışmış ve kısmen de olsa başarılı olmuşlardır. 1992 yılında ise yeniden kurulan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, sol partileri kendi çatısı altında toplamak istemiş ancak başarılı olamamıştır. 1995 genel seçimlerini sağ kesimi temsil eden Refah Partisi liderliği göğüslemiştir. Sol partiler ise seçimin kaybedenleri olmuştur. 1999 genel seçimlerinde bir değişim yaşanarak lider parti olarak Demokratik Sol Parti çıkmıştır. Ancak DSP iktidar olacak kadar mecliste kürsü elde edemediğinden dolayı ANAP-MHP-DSP koalisyonuyla hükümet kurulmuştur. 2001 yılında kurulan ve kendisini sağ parti olarak nitelendiren Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi 2002 genel seçimlerinden zaferle çıkmış ve tek başına iktidar olmuştur. 2002’den itibaren sağ kesimde bulanan Ak Parti siyasal iktidarı elinde bulundurmaktadır. Türkiye’de çok partili hayata geçişten itibaren siyaset arenasında siyasal iktidarı sağ ideoloji elinde tutmuştur. Askeri ihtilaller ile bu süreç sekteye uğrasa da ihtilallerden sonra tekrar siyasal iktidar olmuşlardır. Sol partilerin bir araya gelemeyişleri, tek çatı altında toplanamayışları ve iktidara gelemeyişlerinin irdelenmesi elzemdir.
TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION MODELING AND COMPENSATORS CHARACTERISTICS DETERMINING FOR CASES OF PIPE WELDED JOINTS AND EQUIPMENT OF COLLAPSIBLE PIPELINES
Authors: Drozdov D. A. , Melnikov D. I. , Gorozhanin I. V. , Podorozhnikov S. Yu. , Chizhevskaya E. L. , Zemenkova M. Yu.
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the issues of determining the permissible deformations of U-shaped compensators for unloading from temperature stresses of straight horizontal sections of collapsible pipelines (SRT) connected by welding, used in centralized aircraft refueling systems. Comparative data on possible leaks through sealing joints of pipes with polyethylene heat-shrinkable couplings and welded joints are presented, as well as a method for determining the number of U-shaped compensators and their characteristics for straight horizontal sections of the SRT connected by welding. Modeling was carried out to establish the influence of various initial data on temperature deformations and the compensating ability of U-shaped compensators. Dependences are obtained for determining the compensating ability of U-shaped compensators without preliminary stretching (compression) by half of the longitudinal deformation, depending on the length of the departure and the width of the shelf for pipelines PST-100 and PST.
AN ALTERNATIVE OIL SORBENT FOR REMOVING HYDROCARBON SPILLS FROM THE WATER SURFACE
Authors: Sanatullova Z. T. , Shaikhiev I. G. , Shaikhieva K. I. , Zamilova D. A. , Fadeeva M. A.
Published: January 2024

It has been studied that there is a possibility of using biomass components (crushed leaves and stems) of topinambur (Heliánthus tuberósus) as a sorption material for removing oil hydrocarbons from the water surface. Literature data on the composition of leaves and stems of topinambur are given. In laboratory conditions, the values of the maximal capacity for oils of the Devon and Carbon deposits, as well as the maximal water absorption, are determined. Oils of Carbon and Devon deposits, produced by OGPD «Leninogorskneft» PJSC «Tatneft» (Republic of Tatarstan), are studied as sorbates. The processing of topinambur biomass components with weakly concentrated (0,5–2 %) solutions of sulfuric acid has been carried out and the physicochemical parameters of the modifiers have been determined, as well as the values of the maximum oil and water absorption. It has been determined that the acid modification contributes to an increase in the maximal oil absorption index, and with an increase in the concentration of sulfuric acid in the solution, this indicator also increases. It has been found that acid treatment increases the maximum water absorption in the leaves and reduces this indicator in the stems of the plant. It has also been shown that acid treatment of topinambur stems and leaves promotes partial hydrolysis of biopolymers that make up the plant biomass components and extraction into a modifying solution, which leads, in particular, to an increase in crystallinity. Data on the efficiency of removing oil films under laboratory conditions using native and modified with 2 % sulfuric acid biomass components of Helianthus tuberósus are presented. It is shown that acid-modified leaves and stems of topinambur contribute to some increase in the efficiency of removing oil films from the water surface and reduce water absorption. It is concluded that topinambur stems, modified with a solution of sulfuric acid seem to be very effective sorption materials for removing oil films on the water surface.
MODELING OF PERMANGANATE OXIDIZABILITY OF WATER SOURCE USING TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Authors: Yalaletdinova A. V. , Malkova M. A. , Samus A. I. , Kantor E. A.
Published: January 2024

Processing of time series of permanganate oxidizability at the surface water intake site for the period 1994–2021 (28 years) and comparison of the obtained results with the results of previous studies of the periods from 1994–2001 (8 years) and 1997–2014 (18 years) have carried out.

It was revealed that intra-annual seasonal changes in permanganate oxidizability, which had been observed earlier (8 and 18 years), persist over a 28 year period, however, the values of water permanganate oxidizability of water differ: 0.4–9.5; 0.6–13.3 and 0.4–13.3 mgO/dm3 for 8, 18 and 28year periods, respectively.

A stochastic change in the average annual values of permanganate oxidizability has been established, which since 2016 have become lower than the peak values of previous years.

It was found that the permanganate oxidizability of water in the water source is characterized by a growing trend, however, for the 28 year period, the values of the indicator increase more slowly compared to previous periods.

The trend constructed for the time periods under study revealed a downward trend in permanganate oxidizability since 2014, which affects the trend equations, as well as changes in the contributions of the time series components compared to the 8 and 18 year periods.

It was determined that for a 28 year period, the contribution to the permanganate oxidizability values of the seasonal variable compared to the 18 year period decreased and amounted to 71.6 %, and the share of the random variable increased to 27.8 %.

Comparison across periods indicates that the quality of source water in terms of permanganate oxidizability is different in each period. In this regard, when studying, it is necessary to split a large time series into smaller periods, since in this case it is possible to identify changes that are difficult to determine when studying a large period, since they occur recently, or lasted a short time, and did not completely change the overall trend, but had some influence.

Such significant changes in the seasonal and random components may indicate that the value of permanganate oxidizability of water, in addition to natural ones, can be influenced by the fact that water intakes are located on the territory of an urban agglomeration.
ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF THE INTERACTION OF DRILLING STRING ASSEMBLY WITH THE WALLS OF WELL WITH HORIZONTAL TAILING-IN
Authors: Mukhametgaliev I. D. , Agliullin A. Kh. , Chistov D. I. , Yakhin A. R.
Published: January 2024

In modern conditions of well construction, it is necessary to develop and apply the most effective and economically profitable solutions for oil and natural gas industry. Drilling companies need to reduce the cost of drilling wells, especially those with directional and horizontal ones. One of the ways to reduce the cost of drilling directional wells and wells with horizontal termination is to improve calculation models that optimize the selection of parameters of the elements of the drilling string assembly for directional drilling. The issue of developing a methodology for calculating the deflecting force of the drilling string assembly remains relevant when using rotary controlled systems and non-magnetic drilling collars of a telemetry module with a downhole motor for drilling directional wells and wells with a horizontal termination. In connection with the sanctions and the changing geopolitical situation, it seems relevant to

improve the software in order to import substitution of the following products: Advantage, Wellplan, Compass, Schlumberger Drilling Office, Wellarchitect, Bhasyspro. The stiffness characteristics of the downhole tool, which can be calculated on the basis of the above software, do not allow the selection of individual elements of the drilling string assembly with the possibility of predicting the deflecting force on the bit, and thus there is no possibility of analyzing the intensity of the set of curvature of the trajectory of directional wells and wells with a horizontal termination.

In this regard, improving the methodology for selecting the parameters of the elements of the drilling string assembly for directional drilling and increasing the efficiency of its operation is an urgent task and can contribute to the further intensive development of well drilling technology.
WATERFLOOD EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Kharisov M. N. , Malov A. G. , Maiski R. A. , Kuleshova L. S.
Published: January 2024

For quick waterflood efficiency assessment at oil fields, methods of visual analysis of the operating indicators of production and injection wells without calculating its quantitative characteristics are widely used. Thus, the development of analytical methods for calculating the effectiveness of measures taken on the injection wells is an urgent task.

The aim of the work is to improve the quality of the waterflood management process by developing an algorithm for quick assessing the additional oil production from geological and technical activities at injection wells.

To achieve this aim, regression analysis methods, genetic optimization methods, and methods of mathematical modeling of operating indicators using decline curves and displacement characteristics were used.

The authors proposed an algorithm for quick assessing the effectiveness of injection sites, which allows, using Data Science methods, to quantify additional oil production after carrying out geological and technical measures at injection wells.
APPROACH TO THE SELECTION OF TYPES OF POLYMER-COMPOSITE PIPES FOR FIELD PIPELINES
Authors: Garifullin A. A. , Burkutbaev A. B. , Romanchuk A. S. , Vinogradov P. V. , Kirillov D. A. , Nebogin D. A.
Published: January 2024

The work is devoted to the use of polymer-composite pipes (PCP) in the field conditions of the oil and gas industry. Based on a review of existing types of non-metallic pipes of various designs used for the construction of field pipelines, a knowledge base of current technological solutions has been formed and their advantages and disadvantages have been identified. A catalog of technological solutions for field pipelines has been developed, which includes a description of the designs of PCP with their technical characteristics necessary for the design and operation of field pipelines. An applicability matrix has been developed that allows one to determine suitable types and designs of PCP according to technical principles for pipeline construction under certain conditions. The selection criteria are pipe sizes, operating parameters (pressure and temperature), service life, pumped media, purpose of the pipeline and resistance to aggressive media (CO2, H2S). If the PCP meets the specified conditions, this product is included in the matrix for further use in the construction and operation of the pipeline. However, in order to be able to equip fields with pipelines made of polymer-composite materials, it is necessary that solutions made from PCP are not only technically sound, but also economically justified in comparison with steel pipes. One of the main results of this study is the development of a feasibility study methodology (FS) of applicability, which allows us to determine the most effective option for the design and operation of pipelines made of PCP based on a comparison of economic indicators. The methodology was based on a comparison of the cost of steel and polymer-composite products, the cost of construction and installation work  and the speed of their implementation, the cost of maintaining pipelines during operation, as well as the costs associated with pipe failures - to eliminate their consequences.

As part of the study, the accident rate of steel and polymer-composite pipes was also analyzed and studied, on the basis of which a methodology for predicting accident rates for PCP was created.

Finally, conclusions are made about the possibility of using the developed tools in the oil and gas industry.
Defluoridation of water through the application of carbonised bone as a green adsorbent: A review
Authors: Moloi Sello P. , Okonkwo Jonathan O. , Jansen Raymond
Published: January 2024

Flouride contamination of water is recognised as a serious challenge facing humanity. Consumption of water that contains excessive amounts of fluoride can result in fluorosis. Consequently, concerted efforts have been made to develop cheap, effective and green techniques/materials to remove fluoride from water, particularly potable water. Bone char prepared from bovine, swine, and equine bones has been used extensively in this regard, and is the most promising, cheap and green material for treating drinking water with high fluoride concentration, particularly in developing countries. However, research on bone char prepared from bones of animals in the wild, as well as those from domestic and semi-wild animals treated with antibiotics to enhance growth, has been scanty. Such research is important as the use of antibiotics may alter the composition of bones, and thus their potential as a green adsorbent to remove fluoride may be impaired. Furthermore, little attempt has been made so far to package char bones for easy application domestically, particularly in rural communities.
Significance:

Contamination of water by fluoride is a major problem globally.
Various techniques and materials have been employed for water defluoridation, including the use of bone char, which has several advantages.
Bone char prepared from bones of animals in the wild and those from domestic and semi-wild animals treated with antibiotics to enhance growth should be further investigated.
Cheaper and less elaborate processes and packaging are required to scale down the use of bone char at domestic level.
Pedestrian safety: Motorists’ attitudes to the law and driving practices in South Africa
Authors: Bantjes Jason , Du Plessis Sophia , Jansen Ada , Slabbert Philip
Published: January 2024

In Africa, 40% of traffic fatalities are pedestrians – the highest proportion globally. Yet little is known about driver characteristics that are associated with unsafe driving in African countries. We aimed to explore associations between driving practices that endanger pedestrian safety and motorists’ attitudes to the law (i.e. lawlessness and normlessness), controlling for sociodemographic and personality factors. We used the Response Time Method, based on Russell Fazio’s attitude paradigm, to collect information about driver behaviours, attitudes, and personality traits among a sample of 440 motorists. Male gender was associated with unsafe driving, even when controlling for the effects of personality and attitudes to the law. Unsafe driving was also associated with four dimensions of motorists’ personality, namely aggression, impulsivity, risk tolerance, and altruism, even when controlling for sociodemographic factors. Lawlessness (defined as a general disregard for the law) is also an important determinant of unsafe driving, even when controlling for sociodemographic and personality factors. These findings suggest that efforts to improve pedestrian safety in South Africa should focus on changing motorists’ attitudes to the law.
Significance:
This study addresses pedestrian safety in the context of South Africa. The fact that 40% of traffic fatalities are pedestrians highlights the urgent need to understand the factors contributing to unsafe driving practices. The study delves into uncharted territory by examining driver characteristics associated with unsafe driving. Through exploring associations between driving practices that endanger pedestrian safety and motorists’ attitudes to the law, this article provides valuable insights that can inform targeted interventions.
A hydropower development perspective in Ecuador: past, present, and future
Authors: Naranjo-Silva Sebastian
Published: January 2024

Ecuador is a small Andean country located in the western hemisphere of South America. The country has 361.747hm3 annual superficial water resources; As a result, Ecuador, in the last fifteen years (2005 to 2020), has been rapidly developing hydropower projects to triple the production in this renewable source. There were eight new hydroelectric plants constructed in Ecuador among 2007 and 2015 invested close to USD 6 billion the projects. Increased the energy response with renewables; for example, in 1985, the country produced 4 TWh, in 2005-registered 7 TWh, and to 2020, 24 TWh. According to the Electricity Corporation of Ecuador in 2020 reported that generated around 80% of all electricity through hydropower; thus, the article aims to critically analyze the development of hydropower in Ecuador in recent years and establish general energy projections to 2030 to expand the fields of knowledge and perspectives. The paper methodology is quantitative, according to scientific editorial sources, articles, investigative documents, and collects data from  government agencies that regulate energy development in Ecuador. It is conclusive between a projection’s calculation, Ecuador will need for the year 2030 around 43 TWh, 47 TWh, or 52 TWh to supply the energy grid, according to the scenarios proposed (low, medium, high). Although hydropower will be essential to contribute to this requirement, the country has a barrier because hydropower is very sensitive to external factors of diverse nature, generating an uncertainly future directly associated with climatic effects.
Természettudományos vizsgálatok környezetismeret-órán: egy tutorprogram tapasztalatai a tutordiákok nézőpontjából
Authors: Bánfi Gréta , Korom Erzsébet
Published: January 2024

The development program we examined took place through the application of cross-aged peer tutoring. Sixth-grade tutors and fourth-grade students (tutees) participated in the research. The main aim of the program is to encourage students to conduct simple experiments in line with the science subject curriculum. The experiments are guided by older students. We were interested in what impressions the tutors had of the session series. We examined the experiences of tutor students (N = 12) with a program evaluation questionnaire containing open and closed questions. The tutor students applied for the program because they found it interesting. The aim of the program, according to the tutors, was to try out the teacher’s role. They liked the guiding experiments and teaching the fourth graders the most, and the biggest challenge was disciplining the students and arousing their interest.
Comprender el proceso lector en segundas lenguas: cognición y afectividad / Understanding the reading process in a second language: cognition and affect
Authors: Foncubierta Muriel José Manuel , Fonseca Mora María Carmen
Published: January 2024

The complexity of the cognitive (attentional processes, working memory, processing speed), the affective (motivation, self-esteem, empathy) and the socio-cultural (social integration, literacy, awareness intercultural) mechanisms that are involved in the acquisition of foreign language reading, makes their study of particular interest. The central objective of this article is to present a review of the factors that affect the learning-to-read process in a foreign language. This article also includes the analysis of the seven studies included in Tejuelo, issue 28. The review of these studies with data from kindergarten to tertiary education offers pedagogical implications for the understanding of the cognitive and affective factors that show for improvement in foreign language reading.
Sociocultural Awareness, Cultural Perspectives and Strategies in Language Assistants’ Academic Papers in Spain / Conciencia sociocultural, perspectivas culturales y estrategias en trabajos académicos elaborados por auxiliares de conversación en España
Authors: Vitalaru Bianca
Published: January 2024

Este artículo incluye un análisis de trabajos académicos escritos por estudiantes de máster en el programa ‘Teach & Learn in Spain’ en el Instituto Franklin-UAH, que se centran en aspectos culturales. El porcentaje de trabajos académicos de estas características escritos por estos estudiantes que actuaron como auxiliares de conversación en colegios bilingües en España es bastante alto, lo que sugiere la importancia del componente cultural en la enseñanza del inglés como segunda lengua y su alto nivel de conciencia sociocultural. Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene varios objetivos: a) determinar la existencia de una conciencia sociocultural específica en los trabajos de investigación; b) identificar los aspectos culturales que fueron considerados esenciales por los AC en este programa y mostrar las estrategias utilizadas para proporcionar información; y c) comparar hallazgos considerando antecedentes teóricos. El método se basará en un enfoque mixto basado en análisis cuantitativos y cualitativos y será específico para cada uno de los objetivos.

Abstract

This paper includes an analysis of academic papers that focus on cultural aspects written by MA students in the ‘Teach & Learn in Spain’ program at Instituto Franklin-UAH. The percentage of academic papers focusing on cultural aspects written by these students who acted as Language Assistants in bilingual schools in Spain is quite high, which suggests the importance of the cultural component in the teaching of English as a second language and their high level of sociocultural awareness. Thus, this paper has several objectives: a) to determine the existence of a specific sociocultural awareness in research papers; b) to identify the cultural aspects that were considered essential by the LAs in this program and show the strategies used to provide information, and c) to compare findings considering the theoretical background. The method will rely on a mixt approach considering quantitative and qualitative analyses and will be specific for each of the objectives.

Keywords: Culture; Research; Sociocultural Awareness; Language Assistants; Academic Papers.
Native English Speakers in Madrid’s Classrooms: Difficulties Reported by Assistants / Hablantes nativos de inglés en las aulas de Madrid: Dificultades señaladas por auxiliares
Authors: Litzler Mary Frances
Published: January 2024

This article examines difficulties encountered by 40 native English-speaking language assistants working in classrooms in the Madrid region, as reported in their teaching portfolios, a requirement of the Master’s degree programs they completed during the same period. The 187 comments obtained were analyzed by sorting them according to theme; the findings confirm those of prior studies while bringing to light challenges not mentioned to date in research. Some aspects discussed by the native English speakers were differences in classroom methodology and discipline, the need for increased communication with local teachers, the policy to use only English at the schools, an inability to help students with special needs effectively, and responsibilities that go beyond those of a language assistant.  
 
Abstract
This article examines difficulties encountered by 40 native English-speaking language assistants working in classrooms in the Madrid region, as reported in their teaching portfolios, a requirement of the Master’s degree programs they completed during the same period. The 187 comments obtained were analyzed by sorting them according to theme; the findings confirm those of prior studies while bringing to light challenges not mentioned to date in research. Some aspects discussed by the native English speakers were differences in classroom methodology and discipline, the need for increased communication with local teachers, the policy to use only English at the schools, an inability to help students with special needs effectively, and responsibilities that go beyond those of a language assistant.
 
Keywords: Bilingual Education; Teacher Aides; English (Foreign Language); Native Speakers.
A Social Responsibility Project Example: Sustainable Fabric Toys Project
Authors: KOZBEKÇİ AYRANPINAR Selda , BATUR Gülcan , TUMAY Sadık , DİKMEN Pelin , KULA Mustafa , ERDÖNMEZ Canan
Published: January 2024

Sustainability has emerged as a prominent and crucial topic in various domains and societies, aiming to create a more livable world. It represents a goal of establishing an ethical, greener, and progressive society and world in all its aspects. The awareness of finite resources, environmental concerns, and the significance of intergenerational resource transfer has brought forth several challenges, including excessive use of raw materials and natural resources, harsh and labor-intensive working conditions, environmentally damaging waste generated during production, as well as the issue of rapidly depleting textile products with short lifespans and subsequent waste. In light of these pressing concerns, it is of utmost importance for designers and artists to exert efforts toward sustainability, minimizing resource consumption, and fostering awareness and focus. This study focuses on the revaluation of surplus production or waste raw materials and accessories originating from the fashion and textile industries. The project "Sustainable Textile Product Designs of Cloth Dolls and Toys with Social Responsibility Awareness" encompasses activities that utilize these materials to promote and support social awareness and solidarity. This text, conveying the project, aims to draw attention to sustainability in textiles and toy choices for preschool children, anticipating it will contribute to awareness and recognition within the realms of environmental cycles, eco-design, and sustainability. Anchored at Dokuz Eylül University's Faculty of Fine Arts, this project, grounded in design, product development, and application, has employed an “applied” research methodology. The expectation is that the emergence of new and creative ideas focused on recycling and advanced transformation will foster a specific consciousness in society and individuals across various domains.
TET buffer v1
Authors: Nagel Sarah , Schmidt Anna , Meyer Matthias
Published: January 2024

TET buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, 0.05% Tween-20, pH 8.0) is used in various steps of sample preparation by the Ancient DNA Core Unit of the MPI-EVA.
Detection of seeded pathology using tyramide amplification v1
Authors: not provided Bryan_Killinger , not provided Bryan_Killinger
Published: January 2024

This protocol details the detection of seed pathology using tyramide amplification.
TruAI Neuromelanin Quantification v1
Authors: Filimontseva Anastasia , Fu YuHong , Chatterton Zac , Halliday Glenda
Published: January 2024

Quantification of area and optical density of intracellular neuromelanin with TruAI.
DNA damage assessment in the adult Drosophila brain via comet assay v1
Authors: Feany Mel
Published: January 2024

This protocol describes how to determine DNA damage in the adult drosophila brain using the comet assay
Labeling lysosomes in the adult Drosophila brain using LysoTracker v1
Authors: Feany Mel
Published: January 2024

This protocol describes the labeling and quantification of Lysosomes in the adult Drosophila brain using the LysoTracker dye
Spectral analysis of cross-hole sonic logging data for pile integrity assessment
Authors:   Geoelectromagnetic Research Center, Branch of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lozovsky Ilya , Churkin Aleksei ,   Gersevanov Research Institute of Bases and Underground Structures (NIIOSP), Research Center of Construction JSC
Published: January 2024

Ensuring the safety of foundations requires advanced non-destructive testing techniques. Cross-hole sonic logging (CSL) is a widely adopted method for evaluating the integrity of deep foundation elements, such as bored piles, barrettes, and diaphragm walls. This method involves analyzing the propagation time and relative energy of ultrasonic pulses transmitted and registered by probes inserted into pre-installed access tubes. However, in certain cases, standard analyses may not effectively distinguish anomalous signals arising from defects and other factors unrelated to concrete quality. Our study explores the potential of an alternative frequency-domain approach for CSL data analysis. We propose new attributes to quantify ultrasonic signal spectra, including spectrum area, normalized spectrum area, weighted mean frequency, and maximum frequency. These attributes are automatically calculated, eliminating the need for additional data processing time and minimizing the risk of human error. The proposed approach was applied to CSL data collected from two bored piles of 46 m length and successfully identified signals classified as anomalous through standard time-domain analysis. Further research is deemed necessary to fully explore the potential of the frequency-domain approach in enhancing the information content and reliability of CSL pile integrity testing
Genetic Algorithm for Linear Cutting Problem
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russian Federation, Voronov R. V. , Shabaev A. I. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russian Federation, Klimenko V. V. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185910, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the problem of calculating the volume calendar plan of a paper mill. To find the optimal schedule, a combination of the following criteria is used: minimal trim loss, minimal changes to the knives setup and smooth transitions by product grades. Solution algorithms are presented that use a combination of the simplex method, the column generation, the branch and bound methods, the greedy algorithm. The specifics of paper production and sales are taken into account — customer orders are measured not in the whole number of units of finished products, but by weight, which is specified with "tolerances". A variant of the genetic type algorithm for the paper production planning problem is proposed. The algorithm uses special crossover and mutation operators based on the multiple solution of quadratic or linear programming problems. The result of a computational experiment based on real production data of a paper mill in European part of Russia shows that the algorithm can be effectively used to plan the work of one paper machine for several shifts or as an auxiliary tool when devising cutting plans for a group of paper machines. The proposed algorithm provides an optimal solution with no more than 400 cutting plans, which corresponds to approximately 8 orders for rolls of the same diameter and density produced on one paper machine. That is, it can be used when planning production for no more than two days. To build planning systems for longer periods of time (week, month), it is necessary to develop special algorithms.
THE PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Alkrush Alaa , Mahmood Sarhad
Published: January 2024

BackgroundVitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin in several normal cellular functions. Low vitamin B12 has been associated with high concentrations of homocysteine and can lead to health complications. In addition to metabolic alteration and restricted food products allowable in renal failure patients, vitamin B12 is actively removed by hemodialysis with high flux membranes.

ObjectiveTo detect the prevalence of vitamin B12 levels in hemodialysis patients and its relation to the duration of dialysis and daily protein intake.

MethodThis cross-section observational multicenter study was conducted on 169 hemodialysis patients in four Sulaimani Governorate centres. A questionnaire used to gather data included patient, dialysis, diet, and medication information. Blood investigation was taken to detect the vitamin B12 level and mean corpuscular volume.

ResultsTwenty-nine patients (17.1 %) had vitamin B12 deficiency. High flux filter hemodialysis was not used in all the centres included in this study. No cases with four hours of dialysis sessions had vitamin B12 deficiency. All the patients were on sub-optimum protein diet restriction. No cases of vitamin B12 deficiency were present in patients receiving protein of 0.6-0.7 gm/kg/day. All our patients had normochromic normocytic anaemia.

ConclusionOur patients have an average percentage of vitamin B12 deficiency compared to other centres worldwide. The main causes of vitamin B12 deficiency in our patients were the sub-optimum restriction of protein diet and the sub-optimum dialysis.
PATTERN AND PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS IN SULAIMANI CITY
Authors: Munthir Neiran , Sharif Dana , Ismail Serwan , Abdul Rbaz
Published: January 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (often underdiagnosed, and its complications often undertreated) is a worldwide public health problem associated with a significant increase in mortality.

ObjectiveTo find out the common causes of chronic kidney disease in Sulaimani to prevent and accurately assess risk factors for target intervention to prevent or slow down the progression.

Patients and MethodsAn observational case series study was accomplished on 192 patients with chronic kidney disease in Sulaimani City from September 2018 to March 2019. Following informed consent, a questionnaire collected demographic and clinical details. Laboratory data of the patients were also collected and statistically analyzed.

ResultsThe majority (58.9%) of the participants were 18-64 years old, 66.7% lived in urban areas, and 66.1% had a low socioeconomic status. The leading causes of chronic kidney disease in children were glomerular diseases (45.4%) and congenital urological malformations (31.8%), while in adults and elderly group, diabetic nephropathy (25.9%), glomerular diseases (19.4%), and hypertension (16.5%) were the most common causes. About 50% of all patients were diagnosed when they reached advanced stages (stage IV, V), and about 90% of patients diagnosed at early stages progressed to advanced stages. Uncontrolled diabetes, proteinuria (≥ 1gm), and uncontrolled blood pressure were significant risk factors for progression.

ConclusionChronic kidney disease is underdiagnosed and undertreated in our region. Early detection and measures to slow disease progression should be encouraged.
Developing Novel Deep Learning Models to Detect Insider Threats and Comparing the Models from Different Perspectives
Authors: GÖRMEZ Yasin , ARSLAN Halil , IŞIK Yunus Emre , GÜNDÜZ Veysel
Published: January 2024

Cybersecurity has become an increasingly vital concern for numerous institutions, organizations, and governments. Many studies have been carried out to prevent external attacks, but there are not enough studies to detect insider malicious actions. Given the damage inflicted by attacks from internal threats on corporate reputations and financial situations, the absence of work in this field is considered a significant disadvantage. In this study, several deep learning models using fully connected layer, convolutional neural network and long short-term memory were developed for user and entity behavior analysis. The hyper-parameters of the models were optimized using Bayesian optimization techniques. Experiments analysis were performed using the version 4.2 of Computer Emergency and Response Team Dataset. Two types of features, which are personal information and numerical features, were extracted with respect to daily activities of users. Dataset was divided with respect to user or role and experiment results showed that user based models have better performance than the role based models. In addition to this, the models that developed using long short-term memory were more accurate than the others. Accuracy, detection rate, f1-score, false discovery rate and negative predictive value were used as metrics to compare model performance fairly with state-of-the-art models. According the results of these metrics, our model obtained better scores than the state-of-the-art models and the performance improvements were statistically significant according to the two-tailed Z test. The study is anticipated to significantly contribute to the literature, as the deep learning approaches developed within its scope have not been previously employed in internal threat detection. Moreover, these approaches have demonstrated superior performance compared to previous studies.