bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body-Related Factors and Anxiety Predict Exercise Dependence and Eating Disorders in University Students: A Path Analysis
Authors: yang peiying , Yu Qian , Herold Fabian , Sun Jing , Szabo Attila , Li Jinming , Taylor Alyx , Zou Liye
Published: October 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the role of BMI, body image inflexibility, and anxiety to eating disorder and exercise dependence symptoms in a sample of college students. Participants: 878 habitual exercisers (M age = 20.09 years, SD = 1.76 years) in a large urban university participated in this study. They had an exercise frequency not less than 3 days per week. Methods: Participants filled out demographic information, exercise behavior, questionnaire for exercise dependence (EDS-R), eating disorder (EDE-QS), body image inflexibility (BI-AAQ), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7).Results: After controlling for age, gender and major, lower BMI was linked to more exercise dependence symptoms but not significant (β=-0.04, p=0.26). In contrast, greater BMI was significantly associated with a higher risk of developing eating disorder (β=-0.08, p<0.001). Moreover, higher body image inflexibility is significantly positive contributed to not only sever exercise dependence (β=0.26, p<0.001), but also abnormal eating attitudes and behaviors (β=0.74, p<0.001). Furthermore, generalized anxiety is a significant contributor to exercise dependence symptoms (β=0.14, p<0.001) but not eating disorder symptoms (β=0.02, p=0.43).Conclusions: Body image inflexibility is the common contributor to developing exercise dependence and eating disorders, suggesting that the prevention and treatment of disordered eating and exercise dependence should involve the improvement of psychological flexibility. In addition, the individual with higher BMI is more vulnerable for developing eating disorder, while those who have the sever anxiety symptoms should be given more attention to screen for exercise dependence.
Ecological Momentary Assessment: A Meta-Analysis on Designs, Samples, and Compliance across Research Fields
Authors: Wrzus Cornelia , Neubauer Andreas B.
Published: October 2021

Ecological Momentary Assessments (i.e., EMA, repeated assessments in daily life) are widespread in many fields of psychology and related disciplines. Yet, little knowledge exists on how differences in study designs and samples predict study compliance and dropout—two central parameters of data quality in (micro-)longitudinal research. The current meta-analysis included k = 477 articles (496 samples, total N = 677,536). For each article, we coded the design, sample characteristics, compliance, and dropout rate. The results showed that on average EMA studies scheduled six assessments per day, lasted for seven days, and obtained a compliance of 79%. Studies with more assessments per day scheduled fewer assessment days, yet, the number of assessments did not predict compliance or dropout rates. Compliance was significantly higher in studies providing financial incentives. Otherwise, design or sample characteristics had little effects. We discuss the implications of the findings for planning, reporting, and reviewing EMA studies.
Climax as Work: Heteronormativity, Gender Labor, and the Gender the Gap in Orgasms
Authors: Andrejek Nicole , Fetner Tina , Heath Melanie
Published: October 2021

Gender scholars have addressed a variety of gender gaps between men and women, including a gender gap in orgasms. In this mixed-methods study of heterosexual Canadians, we examine how men and women engage in gender labor that limits women’s orgasms relative to men. With representative survey data, we test existing hypotheses that sexual behaviors and relationship contexts contribute to the gender gap in orgasms. We confirm previous research that sexual practices focusing on clitoral stimulation are associated with women’s orgasms. With in-depth interview data from a subsample of 40 survey participants, we extend this research to show that both men and women engage in gender labor to explain and justify the gender gap in orgasms. Relying on an essentialist view of gender, a narrow understanding of what counts as sex, and moralistic language that recalls the sexual double standard, our participants craft a narrative of women’s orgasms as work and men’s orgasms as natural. The work to produce this gendered narrative of sexuality mirrors the gender labor that takes place in the bedroom, where both women and men engage in sexual behaviors that emphasize men’s pleasure to a greater extent than women’s.
RACHELA BOJMWOŁ. Szkic do portretu
Authors: Kisiel Marian
Published: October 2021

The paper delineates the history of Rachel Boymvol — a poetess, and an author of aphorisms, fables both for children and adults, and a compendium concerning Yiddish idiomatics. Her life — from the fascination with communism in the 1930s to facing persecutions in 1940s and 1950s, and emigration to Israel in 1971 — is one of the many fates of Russian writers of Jewish descent. Previously a noteworthy fabulist, published in millions of volumes, this later forgotten author is slowly regaining her place within Russian literature after 2000.
Intra et extra muros - figura murów i (ze)wnętrza w twórczości Witolda Wirpszy
Authors: Kołodziej Dorota
Published: October 2021

W artykule podjęto analizę sposobu funkcjonowania murów w dojrzałej twórczości Witolda Wirpszy. Choć wykorzystywał on ten motyw już we wczesnych tekstach, czego przykładem może być wiersz List o sumieniu z 1953 roku, to rozwinął go w pełni w utworach z lat sześćdziesiątych i siedemdziesiątych powstałych pod wpływem doświadczeń z czasu spędzonego w Berlinie Zachodnim. Fragmenty poematów Faeton i Traktat skłamany czy Wykorzenienie są przyczynkiem do istotnej refleksji nad obrazem miasta w kulturze i funkcjonowaniem granicy. Problem dzielenia przestrzeni najpełniej zostaje jednak wyrażony w utworze Mury z 1978 roku, w którym najbardziej znane bariery w historii (Wielki Mur Chiński, mur berliński, mury getta, Ściana Płaczu) stanowią punkt wyjścia rozważań nad antropologicznymi przyczynami potrzeby tworzenia granic, funkcjonowaniem pamięci w nawiedzanym przez widma przeszłości mieście, czy wreszcie nad relacją wnętrze – zewnętrze. Za pomocą kształtowania obrazu ruchomych murów Wirpsza ukazuje paradoksalność tych pojęć, uwidacznia, że ta twarda opozycja jest nie do utrzymania, podkreśla jednak, że nie możemy się od niej uwolnić.
Upadek muru berlińskiego w wybranych filmach fabularnych i dokumentalnych – od medialnej gorączki po perspektywę symbolicznego pośrednika
Authors: Brzezińska-Pająk Marta
Published: October 2021

W artykule zaproponowano spojrzenie na mur berliński przez pryzmat wybranych filmów fabularnych i dokumentalnych odnoszących się do wydarzeń roku 1989. Punktem wyjścia rozważań jest założenie, że wymiar medialny był szczególnie istotny na końcowym etapie historii muru berlińskiego. Telewizja odegrała ważną rolę między innymi w dokumentowaniu kolejnych etapów przełomu politycznego roku 1989, co odzwierciedlone zostało w analizowanych filmach. Sposoby prezentowania w nich telewizyjnego medium w kontekście upadku muru berlińskiego nie tylko odnoszą się do historycznych okoliczności, w jakich to medium funkcjonowało, lecz także mają symboliczny potencjał, pozwalają bowiem również w murze dostrzec swoiste medium określające niezwykły charakter granicy niemiecko-niemieckiej.
Effects of Using Corpus-Based Instructional Mediation on EFL Students’ Academic Writing Skills Improvement
Authors: Birhan Amare Tesfie , Teka Mulugeta , Asrade Nibret
Published: October 2021

This study aimed at examining the effects of corpus-based instructional mediation on EFL learners’ academic writing skills improvement. To conduct the research, a quasi-experimental research design was employed. A total of 72 EFL mechanical engineering students participated in the study, and they were selected through a simple random sampling technique.  Among them, 25 students were assigned to the experimental group and 47 students to the control group. The data were gathered by means of pre- and post-tests. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to observe the statistical differences between the control and the experimental groups in their academic writing skills. The results showed that the students who were instructed through corpus-based instructional mediation outperformed than the students who were instructed in the conventional instructional approach. Particularly, the students who participated in the experimental group improved their content, communicative achievement, organization, grammar, and vocabulary usage than the students who participated in the control group. Therefore, this research calls for inclusion of corpus-based authentic linguistic elements in their teaching material when teaching academic writing courses in the EFL context.
RESEARCH ON CONFIRMATION AND MEASUREMENT OF CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS-BASED ON GREEN ECONOMY
Authors: Xie Chunyu
Published: October 2021

Green economy can effectively solve the issue of environmental damage happened during economic development. Meanwhile, many countries have taken the development of green economy as an economic development mode, in which the protection of ecological and environmental, and the development of economic and social could be simultaneously realized. Since the deteriorating environmental situation has seriously affected the healthy development of human society, the environmental cost management should be incorporated into the enterprise cost management research as soon as possible. This paper mainly studies the theory of natural resources and environmental system in the enterprise cost management theory, discusses the enterprise environmental cost management, confirmation and measurement under low carbon economy, provides new ideas for improving the enterprise environmental cost theory and realizing the sustainable development of economy.
Productivity of quails at different levels of glycine in feed
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Grechkivsky I.M. , Kryvenok M.Ya. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Mykhalska V.M. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

It is established that the growth of young quails depends on the optimal glycine content in the feed. The article presents data on the use of compound feed with different levels of glycine in the feeding of young quails of meat productivity. The research was conducted in the vivarium of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology. PD Wheat on quail breed Pharaoh. 300 day-old quails were selected for the experiment and three groups were formed. The level of glycine in feed for experimental animals was regulated by the introduction into its composition of a synthetic preparation of this amino acid by weight dosing and stepwise mixing. It was found that the live weight of quails depended on the glycine content in their diet. Thus, from the age of 14 days, the quails of the second and third groups had a live weight higher by 1.2% and 1%, respectively, compared to the control. At 21 days of age, the live weight of quails of the second group, which was fed feed containing 1.50% glycine, was 0.9% higher than in the control group, and the third group, with the level of glycine 1.60% – 1% lower. When feeding quail feed with a content of 1.50% glycine, their live weight at 28 days of age was 1.5% (P<0.01) greater than the control, and the live weight of birds of the third group was 1.5% (P <0.01) less. At the age of 35 days, the quails of the second group had the largest live weight, which is 0.9% more than the birds of the control group. During the first week of life, quails of the second group had an average daily gain less than analogues from the control group by 1.9%; and a week later, this figure increased by 2.6% compared to control. The highest average daily gain for the entire period of the experiment was in poultry of the second group – 8.72 g, which is 0.9% higher than in the control. Thus, it was found that feeding quails compound feed with a glycine content of 1.50% contributes to an increase in their live weight by 0.94%, average daily gains – by 0.9%, and reducing feed costs per 1 kg of growth by 1.4%.
Family in the context of relations between freedom and responsibility: crisis or evolution?
Authors: Janicka Joanna
Published: October 2021

At the beginning of the twenty first century, Chantal Delsol wrote that the man of late modernity is characterized by his attempt to regress to a period in history before his attainment of autonomy and subjectivity, both of which Delsol associates, among other things, with the essential and formative role of the family. Turning to a society or a group with which he could identify, man – in her opinion – takes a step back towards a tribal form of existence, which deprives him of the right to self-government. Demographic data seem to confirm the tendencies which Delsol has described: the rising number of divorces, the dropping number of marriages, and the increasing presence of the welfare state in the life of an individual. We might tend to think that reality bears out the pessimistic vision of the man of late modernity Delsol puts forth.

Yet it is the role of philosophy to call into doubt all that seems obvious and to ask questions where to all appearances there is no room for doubt. This article proposes this kind of undertaking as an attempt to examine Delsol’s diagnosis through the lens of Kołakowski’s philosophy. With the help of Kołakowski’s treatment of the relationship between freedom and responsibility, and by applying his thoughts on the irremovable tension between the individual and the collective man, a motif distinctly present in his considerations, this article poses anew the question of whether we indeed are facing a crisis or an evolution of the family. Are the changes which we are observing a threat to our culture and civilization, or evidence of progress?
DYNAMIC MODEL OF COMBINED AGGREGATION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Vinnichenko A. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper presents methods and approaches for mathematical modeling and rationalization of flexible additive manufacturing, as well as other processes by which it is possible to create additive models for their integration into the system of experimental or pilot production. The work has also formed and synthesized a process model, which includes flexible production indicators, service indicators, and a developed criterion base for their assessment. The work takes into account the optimization criteria, as well as maximizing and minimizing risks for additive manufacturing, taking into account the possible risk component when deploying new processes for experimental and small-scale production. The models and methods described in the article will make it possible to carry out mathematical modeling and subsequent improvements for the flexible production process using additive technologies, used as a means of achieving the rational use of existing production resources within the framework of existing scientific and production complexes.
ANALYSIS OF THE DEMO EXAMINATION METHODOLOGY FOR THE COMPETENCE “DIGITAL METROLOGY”
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Epifantsev K. V.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, demo exams are becoming a frequently used useful test of the knowledge of students in technical schools. However, due to the complex epidemiological situation, this process is carried out remotely. Let’s consider the features of the demo exam in this format.
MONITORING OF ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL OUTPUT ENERGY OF SOLAR PHOTOELECTRICAL THERMAL INSTALLATION
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Kotlikov E. N. , Saliev M. A. ,   Center of Innovating Development of Science and New Technology of the Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tajikistan, Novikova Yu. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
Published: October 2021

This work describes the experimental model of integrated photoelectrical thermal (PVT) air collector with informative system for controlling and ruling based on microcomputer. A method of determining efficiency both electrical and thermal part of installation by the data of continuous monitoring parameters: output voltage, the charge current, the temperature of air on input and output of collector is proposed. The efficiency of electrical part (8%) and thermal part (50%) of PVT installation were determined for mart 2019.
ОФОРМЛЕНИЕ УМИТБАЕВЫМИ (УМЕТБАЕВЫМИ) ПРАВ НА ПОТОМСТВЕННОЕ ДВОРЯНСТВО РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ
Authors: Ильясова А.Я.
Published: October 2021

В статье рассмотрена процедура возведения в российское потомственное дворянство полкового хорунжего Ишмухаметя Ишигуловича Умитбаева (Уметбаева) с сыновьями Фахритдином, Мухаметсалимом и Сулейманом. Данные лица проживали в д. Ибрагимовой Уфимского уезда Оренбургской губернии Российской империи (ныне – Кармаскалинского района Республики Башкортостан). Они Определением Оренбургского дворянского депутатского собрания от 19 марта 1865 г. и Указом Департамента герольдии Правительствующего Сената от 22 (23) апреля 1865 г. за № 1 250 были признаны и утверждены в потомственном дворянстве, внесены во 2-ю часть родословной книги дворян Оренбургской губернии и причислены к обществу дворян Уфимского уезда. В 1866–1910 гг. к дворянскому роду Умитбаевых были сопричислены внуки, внучка и правнуки И.И. Умитбаева. Автор вводит в научный оборот комплекс различных документов по теме и приводит новые сведения о представителях рода.
СЕНАТОРЫ 1730-х гг. В СИСТЕМЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ВЛАСТИ
Authors: Бабич М.В.
Published: October 2021

В статье анализируются персональный состав Сената и политика по отношению к нему на всем протяжении 1730-х гг. То и другое оценивается с точки зрения реконструкции действующих тогда правовых норм, которые сложились в предшествующее десятилетие. В итоге делается вывод, что уникальное совпадение опирающихся на петровские начала ожиданий верховной власти и сформированных в петровское же время личных качеств аннинских сенаторов создает предпосылки для пересмотра традиционных представлений о месте образуемого ими учреждения в истории периода.
СИСТЕМА ОТНОШЕНИЙ «ПАТРОН–КЛИЕНТ» В ПРИДВОРНОЙ БОРЬБЕ «РУССКОЙ» И «НЕМЕЦКОЙ» ПАРТИЙ 1730-х гг.
Authors: Крючков Н.Н.
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматривается феномен придворных партий и роль отношений между патроном и клиентами в придворной борьбе в царствование Анны Иоанновны. Данные неформальные институты оказывали весомое воздействие на функционирование Российской империи. Борьба за милости монарха, дискредитация в его глазах своих противников, попытки назначения на государственные должности своих сторонников составляли смысл существования такой партии. В случае удачных для партии «перемен при дворе» ее участники могли рассчитывать на карьерный рост и материальные блага. Однако покровительство и милости могущественного патрона могли иметь негативные последствия для его клиентов в случае его «падения», примером чему служит дело А.П. Волынского.
О ГОРОДАХ, ДОХОДЫ С КОТОРЫХ ЖАЛОВАЛИСЬ СИМЕОНУ БЕКБУЛАТОВИЧУ
Authors: Беляков А.В.
Published: October 2021

В статье проанализированы сообщения иностранцев о пожаловании Симеона Бекбулатовича в 1570-х гг. городом Коломной. Рассмотрев более раннею историю города, автор приходит к выводу о том, что этот факт вполне мог иметь место. По крайней мере, он был логичным в связи с более ранней историей Коломны. Ведь обладание ею (даже частичное) позволяло претендовать на московское великое княжение. Также было показано, что пожалование Симеона в 1576 г. титулом великого князя Тверского было не случайно. Это был самый высокий титул, который Иван IV мог дать своему племяннику без серьезных имиджевых и политических потерь. К тому же в городе даже в середине XVI в., дольше других регионов, сохранялись отдельные элементы прежней независимости.
ВТОРОЙ КРЯДУ ОПАЛЬНЫЙ НА УФИМСКОМ ВОЕВОДСТВЕ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ВЕХИ БИОГРАФИИ ОКОЛЬНИЧЕГО Н.В. ГОДУНОВА
Authors: Солодкин Я.Г.
Published: October 2021

В статье показаны основные вехи биографии второго уфимского воеводы Никиты Васильевича Годунова. Он занял эту должность в начале 1606 г., будучи опальным. Ранее получивший от Лжедмитрия I назначение в Тобольск, чашник, дворянин московский, стольник и окольничий, он до наступления «разорения русского» воеводствовал в Белеве, участвовал в Ругодивском и Серпуховском походах, придворных церемониях, являлся объезжим головой в столице. По возвращении из Уфы, он сопровождал Михаила Федоровича в «троицких» походах, выполнял дипломатические поручения и участвовал в обороне Москвы от войск королевича Владислава.
ОТ ИВАНА ГРОЗНОГО ДО ПЕТРА ПЕРВОГО: НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АБСОЛЮТИЗМА В РОССИИ
Authors: Тапилин А.И.
Published: October 2021

В статье анализируются некоторые особенности формирования абсолютизма в России, начиная с периода правления Ивана Грозного и заканчивая правлением Петра Первого. Выделяются отдельные специфические черты данного процесса в условиях России XVI–XVII вв. в сравнении с западноевропейским опытом. Освещаются особенности формирования новой структуры власти и управления страной в эпоху Петра I, раскрываются определенные проблемы и трудности данного процесса. Освещаются главные причины провозглашения России империей, указываются основные отличия царского титула от императорского. Подчеркиваются основные особенности, которые вкладывал в императорский титул Петр Первый. Отмечаются отдельные проблемы, возникшие при формировании в России абсолютной монархии.
The Deaf or Hard of Hearing Population’s Attitude and Information Seeking Behaviour Towards COVID-19 in South Africa
Authors: Adigun Olufemi T.
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT This study presents an exposé of the information seeking behaviours and patterns and attitudes regarding COVID-19 among a sample of 206 people from the deaf/hard of hearing population (males, n = 119; females, n = 87) in three South African provinces. The researchers designed a Google Form, which was used for the data collection, which took place over seven weeks. The data generated were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The average age of the respondents was ±52.5 years, and the findings revealed that the respondents were most curious about preventive measures against COVID-19, possible vaccines and travel advisories. They explored information provided on the Internet, social networking sites and television for COVID-19 related information. The sources of the COVID-19 related information and the type of the COVID-19 related information sought determined the attitudes of the South African deaf/hard of hearing towards this virus. Recommendations were made based on the findings.
The Impact of Changes in Exhaust Temperature on the Power Output and Heat Rate of a Gas Turbine with a Capacity of 238 MW
Authors: Parapa' Hendra Budiono Putra
Published: October 2021

The exhaust temperature parameter is one of the parameters that need to be considered in maintaining the performance of the gas turbine. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of changes in exhaust temperature on power output and heat rate. The data used is the actual design data of the M701 gas turbine. This data is used in building the model using the GateCycle software. The modeling simulation results are then validated using the actual design data. To see the impact of changes in exhaust temperature, data from the latest gas turbine performance results are used. This study concludes that changes in exhaust temperature parameters of 1OC have an impact on changes in power output of 0.273% and heat rate of 0.047%.
Avanços na identificação, variabilidade e genômica comparativa de Ralstonia solanacearum ecotipo moko no Brasil
Authors: Albuquerque Greecy Mirian Rodrigues , Silva Adriano Márcio Freire , Pais Ana Karolina Leite , Silva Leandro Victor da , Gama Marco Aurélio Siqueira da , Souza Elineide Barbosa de
Published: October 2021

O Moko ou murcha bacteriana é uma doença que acomete a bananeira em países da América Latina, Filipinas e Malásia, provocando perdas de até 100% da produção. A doença é causada por Ralstonia solanacearum filotipo II (IIA e IIB), uma bactéria habitante do solo e nativa do Brasil, com isolados classificados nas sequevares IIA-6, IIA-24, IIA-41, IIA-53, IIB-3, IIB-4 e IIB-25, os quais são denominados de ecotipo Moko. No Brasil, R. solanacearum é uma praga quarentenária presente, restrita a estados das regiões Norte (Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia e Roraima) e Nordeste (Alagoas e Sergipe), com ocorrência da maioria das sequevares assinaladas, o que indica a alta variabilidade da bactéria no país. Em Sergipe, foram observados sintomas atípicos da doença, causados pela sequevar IIA-53, exclusiva do nordeste brasileiro, sendo a variante sintomatológica denominada de síndrome Sergipe. Para a correta identificação do filotipo/sequevares do ecotipo Moko são empregados testes moleculares, tais como reação Filotipo Multiplex-PCR, sequenciamento parcial do gene egl e mutS e Moko Multiplex-PCR. Além disso, técnicas genômicas e de bioinformática têm possibilitado comparações entre genomas de isolados brasileiros de diferentes sequevares do ecotipo Moko, principalmente da sequevar IIA-53, visando entender aspectos relacionados à ecologia, epidemiologia e sintomatologia
The Romano-British Villa and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Eccles, Kent
Authors:   University of Winchester, Stoodley Nick
Published: October 2021

This book presents a study of the central and lower Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD. It takes as its focus the Eccles Roman villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery, excavated between 1962–1976 and directed by Alec Detsicas. An account of this important villa throughout its long history is outlined, and a re-assessment of the architectural evidence which Detsicas presented, with fresh interpretations, is provided. In the middle of the 7th century, a large Anglo-Saxon cemetery was established south of the villa. It started as a typical ‘Final Phase’ cemetery but continued into the late Saxon period. The evidence from the cemetery is presented as a site report, with a burial catalogue, a discussion of the grave goods and a study of the wider aspects of mortuary practice. The monograph also includes a chapter on some fragmentary Iron Age evidence and a discussion of an Anglo-Saxon timber building and its relationship to the cemetery. The evidence from the villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery is discussed within the context of the Medway valley, which highlights the important contribution that Eccles makes to archaeological knowledge. The significance of the area is further investigated by studies devoted to the pre-English place-names of the valley and the documentary evidence of the area during the Anglo-Saxon period. The volume concludes with a general discussion, which draws together all the strands of evidence and evaluates the significance of the Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD.
Figure 4.59. Burial plots
Authors: Stoodley Nick , Cosh Stephen R.
Published: October 2021

Figure 4.59. Burial plots
Figure 4.61. Distribution of sex and age groups
Authors: Stoodley Nick , Cosh Stephen R.
Published: October 2021

Figure 4.61. Distribution of sex and age groups
Arangopipe, a tool for machine learning meta-data management
Authors: Schad Jörg , Sambasivan Rajiv , Woodward Christopher
Published: October 2021

Experimenting with different models, documenting results and findings, and repeating these tasks are day-to-day activities for machine learning engineers and data scientists. There is a need to keep control of the machine-learning pipeline and its metadata. This allows users to iterate quickly through experiments and retrieve key findings and observations from historical activity. This is the need that Arangopipe serves. Arangopipe is an open-source tool that provides a data model that captures the essential components of any machine learning life cycle. Arangopipe provides an application programming interface that permits machine-learning engineers to record the details of the salient steps in building their machine learning models. The components of the data model and an overview of the application programming interface is provided. Illustrative examples of basic and advanced machine learning workflows are provided. Arangopipe is not only useful for users involved in developing machine learning models but also useful for users deploying and maintaining them.
Factors associated with self-management independence and quality of life for adolescents and young adults with spina bifida engaged in a guideline-based transition clinic
Authors: Fremion Ellen , Madey Rachel , Staggers Kristen A. , Morrison-Jacobus Melissa , Laufman Larry , Castillo Heidi , Castillo Jonathan
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE: To determine characteristics associated with self-management independence and quality of life (QOL) among adolescents and young adults with spina bifida (AYASB) engaged in a spina bifida (SB) health care transition clinic. METHODS: During SB transition visits, Eighty-eight AYASB ages 14-20 completed the Adolescent/Young Adult Self-management and Independence Scale II Self-Report/SB (AMIS II-SR/SB), scores ranging from 1–7 with 7 indicating full independence in activities, and the QUAlity of Life Assessment in Spina bifida for Teens (QUALAS-T), which has two subscales, family/independence (QFI) and bowel/bladder (QBB), with scores ranging from 0-100 with 100 indicating maximal QOL score. Demographic and clinical variables were collected from the electronic medical record. RESULTS: The baseline AMIS II-SR/SB score was 3.3 (SD 1.0). Baseline scores for QUALAS-T QFI and QBB subscales were 73.8 (SD 19.9) and 63.8 (SD 25.8). Older age was associated with a higher baseline AMIS II-SR/SB score (p = 0.017). Over time, AMIS II-SR/SB total significantly improved (p < 0.001), but QFI and QBB did not. AYASB not on chronic intermittent catheterization (CIC) and those using urethral CIC significantly improved in AMIS II-SR/SB total scores (p = 0.001), but those using abdominal channel CIC did not. CONCLUSION: Baseline bladder management method was associated with self-management improvement for AYASB engaged in a SB-specific transition clinic.
Leverage
Authors: Hayden Jeffrey Thomas
Published: October 2021

This article studies the connection between U.S. military aid to the Afghan Mujahedeen during the Soviet-Afghan War (1979-1989) and the rise of Islamist militias in Afghanistan during the 1990s. Funding for the Mujahedeen during the conflict exceeded over $3 billion between the Carter and Reagan presidencies, and these funds were later used by Islamist insurgents during the Afghan civil wars. However, the reasons behind the U.S. support is poorly understood. The article explores U.S. State Department and National Security Council documents to suggest that U.S. aid for the Mujahedeen was primarily given to repair US-Pakistani relations and humiliate Cold War rivals rather than to support an independent Afghanistan. The article argues that contemporary foreign policy goals incensed the United States to fund the Islamist organizations that would be Al-Qaeda and the Afghan Taliban.
Drum Circles and the Effect on Wellbeing in a Community Setting
Authors: Mason Ashton Shaye , Sonke Jill , Lee Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Background: Wellbeing plays an essential role in a complete and health community. Participatory arts interventions are popular to address wellbeing. Participatory drum circles can lead to social resilience, emotional completeness, and mental health benefits. The literature in the field of arts in health demonstrate the specific ways a drum circle may affect wellbeing through socialization, rhythmic entrainment, and expression. Although there are many great resources, many lack the specific tools to facilitate a drum circles as it pertains to specific technique and styles often utilized in percussion in the field of arts in health.

Methods: The project used a mixed methods research design. A convergent mixed methods design will be used to collect quantitative data from the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and the qualitative data will be received from a focus group. The results will be compared with the hopes of yielding similar themes.

Results: The results of the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale demonstrate an increase of the average wellbeing score after the four-week intervention by 2.88 points. The focus group’s final themes were 1) the core of the drum circle is driven from the facilitator fostering a strong sense of community that supports being inclusionary, respectful, and social; 2) Learning new skills in a community group benefits participants confidence because a) the curriculum progresses naturally and easily and b) rhythm is an innate and natural part of everyday life for individuals, making drum circles more comfortable.
Measuring Profitability From the Use of Personal Data for Targeted Ads
Authors: Katsikas Aidan Jack , Murugan Vimal
Published: October 2021

Companies like Facebook and Google track their users’ data to enhance their ads and offer highly targeted ad space. The question is then raised: how much more profitable does collecting data make companies and what is the future of these companies, as rising data privacy concerns are believed to result in the passage of future legislation? In order to isolate the effects of collecting data on profit, the revenue and revenue growth of Google and Facebook were compared to their competitors that do not collect data and revenue was adjusted to find the average per user. Google was compared to another search engine, DuckDuckGo, and Facebook was compared to a social media site, Yubo. Our analysis found that both Google and Facebook earned significantly larger amounts of revenue, per user, than their competitors who do not collect data. However, DuckDuckGo and Yubo both experienced considerably larger revenue growth this past year, highlighting improved success among companies relying on different models for generating revenue. Our research and similar studies will become more important once legislation is passed, as companies may have to pay taxes or fees associated with acquiring users’ data.
Knot the Usual Suspects: Finding the Diagrammatic Representations of Physical Knots
Authors: Rickards Silas Edwin , Bhattacharya Teertho , Cheng Grace , Valan Josh , Webb Zachary
Published: October 2021

In the last few hundred years, mathematicians have been attempting to describe the topological and algebraic properties of mathematical knots. Regarding the study of knots, there exists a disconnect between examining a knot’s mathematical and physical definitions. This is due to the inherent difference in the topology of an open-ended physical knot and a closed mathematical knot. By closing the ends of a physical knot, this paper presents a method to break this discontinuity by establishing a clear relation between physical and mathematical knots. By joining the ends and applying Reidemeister moves, this paper will calculate the equivalent mathematical prime or composite knots for several commonly used physical knots. In the future, it will be possible to study the physical properties of these knots and their potential to expand the field of mathematical knot theory.
America's Wellness Consumerism
Authors: Sarandrea Karina Veronica
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate historical “wellness consumerism” and why it has continued to exist. Wellness consumerism is distinct from concepts like health consumerism in that it is not strictly related to or reinforced by the U.S. health care system. The opposite has tended to occur because of rampant online health misinformation. Present research does not unite public health, online health misinformation, and socioeconomic influences (e.g. the wellness movement and wellness economy) under a common framework nor does it examine them with a historical perspective. In addition, present research does not examine the relationship between online health misinformation and wellness trends. Medical journals, the history of the wellness movement, and oral history interviews from witnesses of the wellness movement were used to explore wellness consumerism’s impact on people and public health. A study was conducted on a random sample of Amazon dietary supplements to investigate the relationship between health misinformation and affiliation with wellness trends. The results provide strong evidence for an association between the two, suggesting that producers of the wellness economy may be likely to spread health misinformation. Wellness consumerism resulted from co-optation of wellness by producers and has sustained longevity because it fills a gap in healthcare demand and worsens existing distrust in it. Wellness consumerism promotes a cycle of health information sharing that has negative implications for public health. This study highlights health problems uniquely associated with wellness consumerism and sheds light on other possible future socioeconomic challenges to public health while providing a basis for further consumer protections or health legislation that may be discussed in U.S. policy circles
The Effects of Pentoxifylline on Memory in Male Rats Treated with Zinc Oxide NPs
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Darbandi Niloufar , Vasheghani Farahani Zeynab ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran., Momeni Hamidreza ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Zinc oxide Nanoparticles (NPs) present irreversible effects on the nervous system, memory, and learning. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of pentoxifylline on memory impairments, CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells, and blood serum antioxidant enzymes in male rats treated with zinc oxide NPs. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into the control, zinc oxide NPs (1.25 mg/kg), pentoxifylline (50 mg/kg), and pentoxifylline with zinc oxide NPs groups. In all study groups, saline, zinc oxide NPs, and pentoxifylline were intraperitoneally injected 30 minutes before training. In the co-treatment group, pentoxifylline was injected one hour before injecting Zno NPs. After performing the behavioral test, the tested animals’ brains were fixed and the number of healthy neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was counted. In all research groups, malondialdehyde levels, total antioxidant power, superoxide dismutase levels, and glutathione peroxidase in blood serum were measured. Results: Zinc oxide nanoparticles decreased memory and the number of healthy neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and increased oxidative stress in blood serum, compared to the controls. In the co-treatment group, using pentoxifylline improved the above-mentioned factors and reached the level of the control group. Pentoxifylline alone presented no significant effect on the aforementioned characteristics, compared to the control group. Conclusion: ZnO NPs may decrease memory retrieval and cause cell death in the pyramidal neurons of the CA1 region of the hippocampus by increasing oxidative stress. Pentoxifylline, as a potent antioxidant, can prevent the harmful effects of ZnO NPs.
A 10-year-old Child with Severe Subglottic Stenosis Following Intubation: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Laparoscopic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Chegini Venus , Chegini Victoria ,   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Esfahani Mahdis ,   Clinical Research Development Unit, Qods Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Moeini Hossein ,   Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Children Growth Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Subglottic stenosis is among the most common airway problems in children, i.e., acquired or congenital. More than 90% of acquired cases are secondary to endotracheal intubation and occur iatrogenically. Subglottic stenosis is an unexpected problem that requires timely diagnosis and intervention. Most cases of subglottic stenosis in children are mild to moderate. Case Presentation: The presented patient was a 10-year-old child who, after long intubation due to head trauma following early discharge from the surgical center, was referred to the Children’s Hospital on the same day with a complaint of high fever and shortness of breath. With the development of respiratory distress and cyanosis, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to the impossibility of passing the tracheal tube with the appropriate age for the patient, the initial diagnosis of subglottic stenosis was established and a tracheostomy was performed. Diagnostic bronchoscopy confirmed severe subglottic stenosis, and the child was referred to a specialized Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) center for the repair of the tracheal stenosis. Conclusion: One of the most common causes of stridor in children is subglottic stenosis following prolonged intubation. Recognizing the predisposing factors, prevention, strong clinical suspicion, timely diagnosis, and treatment can prevent further adverse complications or consequences in children.
Assessment of Propolis Supplementation on Serum Concentrations of Liver Enzymes in Endurance Athletes with Four Weeks Aerobic Training
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Ghazvini Nonprofit Higher Education Institute, Qazvin, Iran., Mahdavi Asiabar Mojtaba , Nasiri Farsani Mokhtar ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran., Gheibi Nematollah ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: October 2021

Background: Aerobic and intense exercises with an increase in free radicals cause damages at the cellular level, heart disease, cancer, and the development of aging processes, which one of its symptoms is increased serum concentrations of liver enzymes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the concurrent effect of four weeks of aerobic training and propolis supplementation on the activity of liver enzymes, including ALT, AST, and SOD in endurance athletes. Methods: Thirty-two male athletes (age: 21±1.4 years) in track and field were randomly divided into three groups: exercise group, exercise with placebo group, and exercise with supplement group. Propolis supplementation was taken as two tablets (500 mg) twice a day and aerobic exercise was performed for 4 weeks and in 24 sessions with an intensity of 60 to 65% of heart rate. The statistical method was done using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test by SPSS v. 18 software. Findings: The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between groups in serum levels of SOD, AST, and ALT (P<0.05). There was not a statistically significant difference between the exercise group and placebo+exercise group in serum levels of SOD, AST, and ALT (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that aerobic exercise alone can increase SOD levels and propolis supplementation with aerobic exercise can reduce AST and ALT serum levels and lead to improved liver cell function.
INVESTING IN HUMAN CAPITAL AS A COMPONENT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Bazilyuk Antonina , Khomenko Viktoriia
Published: October 2021

The article considers investing in human capital as a component of corporate social responsibility (hereinafter CSR). It is studied that human capital is the main strategic resource of any enterprise, and an extremely important component of intangible assets. The concept of corporate social responsibility for investing in human capital is highlighted. The essence of investments in human capital and their features are considered. The benefits of investing in human capital for the state, enterprise and employee. The research carried out by the center "Development of corporate social responsibility" is analyzed. The tendencies of introduction of corporate social responsibility at the enterprises of Ukraine are investigated. The essence of such concepts as "corporate social responsibility" and "human capital" is revealed. Modern problems of socially responsible investment development in Ukraine are outlined. The advantages of introduction of corporate social responsibility for economic growth of the enterprise and economy as a whole are defined. The analysis of scientific works and research shows that the problems of investing in human capital are studied by many domestic and foreign economists. It has been proven that investing in human capital is one of the key components of corporate social responsibility. Ways to increase the effective use of human capital in the business entity to obtain high results and motivate productivity, they can be: taking online courses, which will help improve skills without leaving the production; increase work motivation; investment by the company in human capital. With the help of these tools, the company will be provided with highly qualified personnel and will increase its competitiveness in market conditions. It is established that it is necessary to stimulate enterprises to introduce corporate social responsibility, because this is a concept that does not immediately, but over time provides additional financial benefits. Corporate social responsibility minimizes the non-financial risks that an enterprise may incur. It directly affects financial performance and competitiveness, but in the long run.
Administration of royal jelly in estrus synchronization protocols for wool and hair sheep
Authors: Pérez-Ruiz E. , Morales-Velázquez J.V. , Cortez-Romero C. , Gallegos-Sánchez J. , Fraire-Cordero S.
Published: October 2021

Objective: To assess the most relevant results on the usage of royal jelly in reproductive protocols of wool and hair sheep.
Design/methodology/approach: A review of studies referenced and published in scientific databases regard the livestock sector.
Results: In ewes, administration of “royal jelly” in addition to reproductive management protocols improves the response to estrus synchronization, time of onset and duration of estrus, number of large follicles, ovulatory rate and gestation rate.
Study limitations/implications: Royal jelly is a substance with beneficial effects on reproductive variables in ewes; however, the cost may be a limitation for its incorporation in synchronization protocols. Additionally, it is necessary to clarify the active metabolites that exert the action and the most effective route of administration.
Findings/conclusions: Royal jelly can be an alternative incorporated to estrus synchronization programs in ewes to substitute some hormones without decreasing reproductive variables.
Ticketing artefacts and designing fare collection systems
Authors: Enoch Marcus P. , Warren James P. , Dal Bosco Jr. Alceu
Published: October 2021

The transport ticketing board is a physical, interactive learning aid that presents a dynamic and interactive categorisation framework of ticketing types to help educate students and transport professionals about the choices faced when designing passenger transport ticketing, and hence inform the next generation of systems. The learning aid comprises tickets collected from around the world displayed on an electronic board. It was developed to encourage students and visiting public transport professionals to discuss issues around designing optimal transport ticketing systems. It highlights the complexity and consequent diversity of systems globally which indicates the importance of context in making choices.