bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abortion and contraception for incarcerated people: A scoping review
Authors: Paynter Martha , Pinzón Hernández Paula , Heggie Clare , McKibbon Shelley , Munro Sarah
Published: March 2023

Background

Women experiencing incarceration have higher rates of unmet contraceptive needs and rates of abortion than the public. Incarceration presents multiple potential barriers to accessing abortion and contraception care, including prison security protocols, prison locations, lack of access to care providers, stigma, and low health literacy. The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to contraception and abortion access for people experiencing criminalization and incarceration.

Methods

We used the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and include empirical research with people experiencing criminalization or incarceration and/or with prison staff; with respect to prescription contraception or abortion access, while in custody or after having experienced incarceration/criminalization. Databases searched include CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Gender Studies, Medline (Ovid), Embase, Sociological Abstracts, and Social Services Abstracts. The search yielded 6096 titles of which 43 were included in the review.

Results

Our search yielded 43 studies published between 2001 and 2021 across six countries. The studies included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods designs. The main outcomes of interest included contraceptive use; attitudes towards abortion, contraception, and pregnancy; and barriers to care. Barriers identified included lack of onsite access to options, contraceptive coercion by providers, financial costs, and disruptions to medical coverage and insurance status which incarcerated.

Discussion

Evidence indicates that people in prison face significant barriers to maintaining continuity of contraceptive methods, abortion access, and reproductive health guidance. Some studies articulated participants felt judged when discussing contraception with prison-based health care providers. Geographic location, out-of-pocket payments, and trust in health care providers were reported as barriers to access.

Conclusion

Incarceration presents considerable challenges to the access of contraception and abortion care. Future research should examine the interaction between institutional security policies and procedures on care seeking, the experiences of underserved and hyper-incarcerated groups, and the impact of being denied access to contraception and abortion and experiences of criminalization.
Tonsil biopsy to detect chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Schneider David A. , Lehmkuhl Aaron D. , Spraker Terry R. , Dittmar Robert O. , Lockwood Mitch A. , Rollo Susan , Nichols Tracy A.
Published: March 2023

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) continues to spread in wild and farmed cervid populations. Early antemortem CWD testing of farmed cervids is of considerable interest to producers and regulatory agencies as a tool to combat this spread. The tissues accessible for antemortem sampling are limited and include biopsy of the tonsil and recto-anal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT). The sensitivity to detect CWD by immunohistochemistry (IHC)—the regulatory gold standard—using biopsy samples of RAMALT from naturally infected white-tailed deer (WTD) has been determined by several studies. However, similar information is lacking for tonsil biopsy. In this study, two-bite tonsil biopsies from 79 naturally infected farmed WTD were used to determine the diagnostic sensitivity of tonsil IHC compared to the official CWD status based on results from the medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes and obex. IHC detection of CWD by tonsil biopsy was compared to the result and follicle metrics from the contralateral whole tonsil. The sensitivity of two-bite tonsil biopsy for detecting CWD by IHC was 72% overall. When the stage of infection was considered, the sensitivity was 92% for deer in late preclinical infection but only 55% for early preclinical infection. For deer with early preclinical infection, the sensitivity for deer homozygous for the prion protein gene (PRNP) coding for glycine at codon 96 (GG) was 66% but only 30% when heterozygous for the serine substitution (GS). The results indicate that the sensitivity of two-bite tonsil biopsy in WTD, and consequently its potential utility as an antemortem diagnostic, is limited during early infection, especially in WTD heterozygous for the serine substitution at PRNP codon 96.
Classification and analysis of text transcription from Thai depression assessment tasks among patients with depression
Authors: Munthuli Adirek , Pooprasert Pakinee , Klangpornkun Nittayapa , Phienphanich Phongphan , Onsuwan Chutamanee , Jaisin Kankamol , Pattanaseri Keerati , Lortrakul Juthawadee , Tantibundhit Charturong
Published: March 2023

Depression is a serious mental health disorder that poses a major public health concern in Thailand and have a profound impact on individuals’ physical and mental health. In addition, the lack of number to mental health services and limited number of psychiatrists in Thailand make depression particularly challenging to diagnose and treat, leaving many individuals with the condition untreated. Recent studies have explored the use of natural language processing to enable access to the classification of depression, particularly with a trend toward transfer learning from pre-trained language model. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of using XLM-RoBERTa, a pre-trained multi-lingual language model supporting the Thai language, for the classification of depression from a limited set of text transcripts from speech responses. Twelve Thai depression assessment questions were developed to collect text transcripts of speech responses to be used with XLM-RoBERTa in transfer learning. The results of transfer learning with text transcription from speech responses of 80 participants (40 with depression and 40 normal control) showed that when only one question (Q1) of “How are you these days?” was used, the recall, precision, specificity, and accuracy were 82.5%, 84.65, 85.00, and 83.75%, respectively. When utilizing the first three questions from Thai depression assessment tasks (Q1 − Q3), the values increased to 87.50%, 92.11%, 92.50%, and 90.00%, respectively. The local interpretable model explanations were analyzed to determine which words contributed the most to the model’s word cloud visualization. Our findings were consistent with previously published literature and provide similar explanation for clinical settings. It was discovered that the classification model for individuals with depression relied heavily on negative terms such as ‘not,’ ‘sad,’, ‘mood’, ‘suicide’, ‘bad’, and ‘bore’ whereas normal control participants used neutral to positive terms such as ‘recently,’ ‘fine,’, ‘normally’, ‘work’, and ‘working’. The findings of the study suggest that screening for depression can be facilitated by eliciting just three questions from patients with depression, making the process more accessible and less time-consuming while reducing the already huge burden on healthcare workers.
Adherence and clinical outcomes for twice-daily versus once-daily dosing of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation: Is dosing frequency important?
Authors: Hwang Hui-Jeong , Sohn Il Suk , Jin Eun-Sun , Bae Yoon-Jong
Published: March 2023

Background

Twice-daily dosing of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) may reduce drug adherence compared with once-daily dosing of NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), thus worsening clinical outcomes. We evaluated adherence to apixaban and dabigatran requiring twice-daily dosing compared with edoxaban or rivaroxaban with a once-daily dosing regimen and the subsequent clinical outcomes in patients with AF.

Methods

Adherence to each NOAC and outcomes were compared between patients who were diagnosed with AF and initiated NOACs between 2016 and 2017 using Korean claims data. High adherence was defined as the proportion of days covered (PDC) of the index NOAC ≥80%. The clinical outcomes included stroke, acute myocardial infarction, death, and composite outcome.

Results

A total of 33,515 patients were analyzed (mean follow-up, 1.7 ± 1.3 years). The proportion of patients with high adherence to NOACs was 95%, which did not significantly differ according to the dosing regimen. The mean PDC for NOACs was as high as ~96%, which was the highest for apixaban users, intermediate for edoxaban or rivaroxaban users, and lowest for dabigatran users, regardless of the dosing regimen. Adverse outcomes in low adherence patients for each NOAC were higher than that of high adherence patients, regardless of the dosing frequency.

Conclusions

Adherence between once- and twice-daily dosing NOACs in patients with AF was high and similar among both dosing regimens. Patients with low NOAC adherence had poorer clinical outcomes, regardless of the dosing frequency.
Optimal management of renal cell carcinoma in octogenarians: Retrospective analysis using updated Korean Renal Cell Carcinoma (KORCC) database
Authors: Kim Jung Kwon , Jung Gyoohwan , Kwak Cheol , Jeong Chang Wook , Kang Seok Ho , Hong Sung-Hoo , Kim Yong-June , Chung Jinsoo , Hwang Eu Chang , Kwon Tae Gyun , Byun Seok-Soo
Published: March 2023

Background

There is few of optimal management guideline in elderly patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To compare the survival outcomes of octogenarian RCC group and younger RCC group after surgery using nationwide multi-institutional database.

Methods

A total of 10,068 patients who underwent surgery for RCC were included in the current retrospective, multi-institutional study. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to control other confounding factors in analyzing survival outcomes of octogenarian and younger group RCCs. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis to calculate the survival estimates for cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), and multivariate Cox-proportional hazard regression analyses to evaluate the significant variables associated with the survival outcomes were also performed.

Results

Both groups were well-balanced in all baseline characteristics. In a total cohort, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significantly decreased 5-year and 8-year CSS and OS in the octogenarian group compared with the younger group. However, in a PSM cohort, no significant differences were evident between the two groups in terms of CSS (5-year, 87.3% vs. 87.0%; 8-year, 82.2% vs. 78.9%, respectively, log-rank test, p = 0.964). In addition, age ≥ 80 years (HR, 1.199; 95% CI, 0.497–2.896, p = 0.686) was not a significant prognostic factor of CSS in a PSM cohort.

Conclusions

The octogenarian RCC group after surgery had comparable survival outcomes compared with younger group after PSM analysis. For the life expectancy of octogenarian is getting longer, active treatment is considerable in patients with good performance status.
Exploitation and exploration in text evolution. Quantifying planning and translation flows during writing
Authors: Lo Sardo Donald Ruggiero , Gravino Pietro , Cuskley Christine , Loreto Vittorio
Published: March 2023

Writing is a complex process at the center of much of modern human activity. Despite appearing to be a linear process, writing conceals many highly non-linear processes. Previous research has focused on three phases of writing: planning, translation and transcription, and revision. While research has shown these are non-linear, they are often treated linearly when measured. Here, we introduce measures to detect and quantify subcycles of planning (exploration) and translation (exploitation) during the writing process. We apply these to a novel dataset that recorded the creation of a text in all its phases, from early attempts to the finishing touches on a final version. This dataset comes from a series of writing workshops in which, through innovative versioning software, we were able to record all the steps in the construction of a text. 61 junior researchers in science wrote a scientific essay intended for a general readership. We recorded each essay as a writing cloud, defined as a complex topological structure capturing the history of the essay itself. Through this unique dataset of writing clouds, we expose a representation of the writing process that quantifies its complexity and the writer’s efforts throughout the draft and through time. Interestingly, this representation highlights the phases of “translation flow”, where authors improve existing ideas, and exploration, where creative deviations appear as the writer returns to the planning phase. These turning points between translation and exploration become rarer as the writing process progresses and the author approaches the final version. Our results and the new measures introduced have the potential to foster the discussion about the non-linear nature of writing and support the development of tools that can lead to more creative and impactful writing processes.
A prospective, multi-site, cohort study to estimate incidence of infection and disease due to Lassa fever virus in West African countries (the Enable Lassa research programme)–Study protocol
Authors: Penfold Suzanne , Adegnika Ayola Akim , Asogun Danny , Ayodeji Olufemi , Azuogu Benedict N. , Fischer William A. , Garry Robert F. , Grant Donald Samuel , Happi Christian , N’Faly Magassouba , Olayinka Adebola , Samuels Robert , Sibley Jefferson , Wohl David A. , Accrombessi Manfred , Adetifa Ifedayo , Annibaldis Giuditta , Camacho Anton , Dan-Nwafor Chioma , Deha Akpénè Ruth Esperencia , DeMarco Jean , Duraffour Sophie , Goba Augustine , Grais Rebecca , Günther Stephan , Honvou Énagnon Junior Juvénal Prince , Ihekweazu Chikwe , Jacobsen Christine , Kanneh Lansana , Momoh Mambu , Ndiaye Aminata , Nsaibirni Robert , Okogbenin Sylvanus , Ochu Chinwe , Ogbaini Ephraim , Logbo Énagnon Parsifal Marie Alexandre , Sandi John Demby , Schieffelin John S. , Verstraeten Thomas , Vielle Nathalie J. , Yadouleton Anges , Yovo Emmanuel Koffi ,   on behalf of the Enable Protocol authorship group
Published: March 2023

Background

Lassa fever (LF), a haemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa fever virus (LASV), is endemic in West Africa and causes 5000 fatalities every year. The true prevalence and incidence rates of LF are unknown as infections are often asymptomatic, clinical presentations are varied, and surveillance systems are not robust. The aim of the Enable Lassa research programme is to estimate the incidences of LASV infection and LF disease in five West African countries. The core protocol described here harmonises key study components, such as eligibility criteria, case definitions, outcome measures, and laboratory tests, which will maximise the comparability of data for between-country analyses.

Method

We are conducting a prospective cohort study in Benin, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria (three sites), and Sierra Leone from 2020 to 2023, with 24 months of follow-up. Each site will assess the incidence of LASV infection, LF disease, or both. When both incidences are assessed the LASV cohort (nmin = 1000 per site) will be drawn from the LF cohort (nmin = 5000 per site). During recruitment participants will complete questionnaires on household composition, socioeconomic status, demographic characteristics, and LF history, and blood samples will be collected to determine IgG LASV serostatus. LF disease cohort participants will be contacted biweekly to identify acute febrile cases, from whom blood samples will be drawn to test for active LASV infection using RT-PCR. Symptom and treatment data will be abstracted from medical records of LF cases. LF survivors will be followed up after four months to assess sequelae, specifically sensorineural hearing loss. LASV infection cohort participants will be asked for a blood sample every six months to assess LASV serostatus (IgG and IgM).

Discussion

Data on LASV infection and LF disease incidence in West Africa from this research programme will determine the feasibility of future Phase IIb or III clinical trials for LF vaccine candidates.
Sociodemographic relationships of motivations, satisfaction, and loyalty in religious tourism: A study of the pilgrimage to the city Mecca
Authors: Hassan Tahani , Carvache-Franco Mauricio , Carvache-Franco Orly , Carvache-Franco Wilmer
Published: March 2023

Religious tourism is a growing sector of the tourism market because of the many social and cultural changes in the 21st century. Pilgrimage centers worldwide are considered important at the levels of religion, heritage, and culture of tourism. Despite the popularity of journeys to pilgrimage centers and their global importance, there is still a lack of knowledge about the dimensionality and impact of socio-demographic factors on visiting these centers. This study aims to (i) establish the motivational dimensions of the pilgrimage to Mecca (ii) identify the relationship between socio-demographic aspects of pilgrims and the motivation (iii) determine the relationship between socio-demographic aspects of pilgrims, satisfaction, and loyalty. The research was carried out on pilgrims who had visited Mecca. The sample consisted of 384 online surveys. Factor analysis and multiple regression method were applied to a analyze data. The results show three motivational dimensions: religious, social, and cultural, and shopping. Additionally, there is evidence of a relationship between age, marital status and average daily expenditure per person with some motivational variables. Similarly, a relationship was found between average daily expenditure per person and other variables such as satisfaction and loyalty. This study helps tourism companies pay attention to pilgrims’ the socio-demographic characteristics of and match them with their motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty during the planning process.
Prevalence and structural correlates of HIV and STI testing among a community-based cohort of women sex workers in Vancouver Canada
Authors: Goldenberg Shira M. , Pearson Jennie , Moreheart Sarah , Nazaroff Hannah , Krüsi Andrea , Braschel Melissa , Bingham Brittany , Shannon Kate
Published: March 2023

Background

In light of the stark inequities in HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) experienced by women sex workers, empirical evidence is needed to inform accessible and sex worker-friendly models of voluntary, confidential and non-coercive HIV and STI testing. We evaluated the prevalence and structural correlates of HIV/STI testing in the last 6 months in a large, community-based cohort of women sex workers in Vancouver, Canada.

Methods

Data were drawn from an open community-based open cohort of women sex workers (January 2010-August 2021) working across diverse street, indoor, and online environments in Vancouver, Canada. Using questionnaire data collected by experiential (sex workers) and community-based staff, we measured prevalence and used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to model correlates of recent HIV/STI testing at enrollment.

Results

Of 897 participants, 37.2% (n = 334) identified as Indigenous, 31.4% as Women of Color/Black (n = 282), and 31.3% (n = 281) as White. At enrollment, 45.5% (n = 408) reported HIV testing, 44.9% (n = 403) reported STI testing, 32.6% (n = 292) reported receiving both HIV and STI testing, and 57.9% (n = 519) had received an HIV and/or STI test in the last 6 months. In adjusted multivariable analysis, women accessing sex worker-led/specific services had higher odds of recent HIV/STI testing, (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.91, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.33–2.75), whereas Women of Color and Black women (AOR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.28–0.98) faced significantly lower odds of recent HIV/STI testing.

Conclusions

Scaling-up community-based, sex worker-led and tailored services is recommended to enhance voluntary, confidential, and safe access to integrated HIV/STI testing, particularly for Women of Color and Black Women. Culturally safe, multilingual HIV/STI testing services and broader efforts to address systemic racism within and beyond the health system are needed to reduce inequities and promote safe engagement in services for racialized sex workers.
Predictors of life satisfaction in elders living at home in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bužgová Radka , Kozáková Radka , Bobčíková Katka , Zeleníková Renáta
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the life satisfaction of older people living in a home environment and to find out what predictors influence it.

Methods

The research involved 1,121 older people 60 years and above from the Moravian-Silesian region who live in a home environment. The short form of the Life Satisfaction Index for the Thirds Age (LSITA-SF12) was used to assess life satisfaction. The Geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory Scale (GAI), The Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to evaluate related factors. In addition, age, gender, marital status, education, social support, and subjective health assessment were evaluated.

Results

The overall life satisfaction score was found to be 36.34 (s = 8.66). The satisfaction of older people was classified into four grades: high satisfaction (15.2%), moderate satisfaction (60.8%), moderate dissatisfaction (23.4%), and high dissatisfaction (0.6%). The predictors of the longevity of the lives of older people were confirmed, both health factors (subjective health assessment, anxiety, and depression [Model 1: R = 0.642; R2 = 0.412; p<0.000]) and psychosocial factors (quality of life, self-esteem, sense of coherence, age, and social support [Model 2: R = 0.716; R2 = 0.513; p<0.000]).

Conclusion

In implementing policy measures, these areas should be emphasized. The availability of educational and psychosocial activities (e.g. reminiscence therapy, music therapy, group cognitive behavioural therapy, cognitive rehabilitation) within the community care of the older people and university of third age is appropriate to increase the life satisfaction of the older people. An initial depression screening is also required as part of preventive medical examinations to ensure early diagnosis and treatment of depression.
Prevalence of SARS-COV-2 and other respiratory pathogens among a Jordanian subpopulation during Delta-to-Omicron transition: Winter 2021/2022
Authors: Khasawneh Ashraf I. , Himsawi Nisreen M. , Abu-Raideh Jumana A. , Sammour Ashraf , Abu Safieh Hazem , Obeidat Ali , Azab Mohammed , Tarifi Amjed A. , Al Khawaldeh Abdallah , Al-Momani Hafez , Al Shboul Sofian , Saleh Tareq
Published: March 2023

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) during the winter months are associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared to other seasons of the year, with children below five, elderly, and immunocompromised patients being the most susceptible. Influenza A and B viruses, rhinovirus, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, and parainfluenza viruses, are the most frequently identified causes of viral ARTIs. In addition, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 provided an additional viral cause of ARTIs. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the epidemiological status of upper respiratory infections, their main causative agents, and reported clinical presentation in the winter months of 2021, during two important surges of COVID-19 in Jordan. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 339 symptomatic patients during the period from December 2021 to March 2022, followed by nucleic acid isolation using a Viral RNA/DNA extraction Kit. The causative virus species associated with the patient’s respiratory symptoms was determined utilizing a multiplex real-time PCR targeting 21 viruses, 11 bacteria, and a single fungus. SARS-CoV-2 was identified in 39.2% of the patients (n = 133/339). A total of 15 different pathogens were also identified as co-infections among these 133 patients (n = 67/133). SARS-CoV-2-Bacterial coinfections (37.6%, n = 50/133) were the most frequent, with Bordetella species being the most common, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, and H.influenzae type B. Viral coinfection rate was 27.8% (n = 37/133), with Influenza B virus and Human bocavirus being the most common. In Conclusion, Both SARS-CoV-2, influenza B virus, and Bordetella accounted for the majority of infections in patients with URTI during the winter months of 2021–2022. Interestingly, more than 50% of the patients with symptoms of URTIs were confirmed to have a coinfection with two or more respiratory pathogens, with SARS-CoV-2 and Bordetella coinfection being most predominant.
Analytical performance specifications for the measurement uncertainty of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D examinations
Authors: Cavalier Etienne , Fraser Callum G. , Bhattoa Harjit Pal , Heijboer Annemieke C. , Makris Konstantinos , Vasikaran Samuel , Huyghebaert Loreen , Peeters Stéphanie , Le Goff Caroline , Herrmann Markus , Carobene Anna
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The exploration of the metabolites in the degradation pathways of vitamin D (VTD) has gained importance in recent years and simultaneous quantitation of twenty-five-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) mass concentration together with 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) has been proposed as a newer approach to define VTD deficiency. Yet, no data are available on 24,25(OH)2D biological variation (BV). In this study, we evaluated 24,25(OH)2D’s BV on the European Biological Variation Study (EuBIVAS) cohort samples to determine if analytical performance specifications (APS) for 24,25(OH)2D could be generated.

Methods

Six European laboratories recruited 91 healthy participants. 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D concentrations in K3-EDTA plasma were examined weekly for up to 10 weeks in duplicate with a validated LC-MS/MS method. The Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio (24,25(OH)2D divided by 25(OH)D × 100) was also calculated at each time point.

Results

Linear regression of the mean 24,25(OH)2D concentrations at each blood collection showed participants were not in steady state. Variations of 24,25(OH)2D over time were significantly positively associated with the slopes of 25(OH)D concentrations over time and the concentration of 25(OH)D of the participant at inclusion, and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI), but not with age, gender, or location of the participant. The variation of the 24,25(OH)2D concentration in participants over a 10 weeks period was 34.6%. Methods that would detect a significant change linked to the natural production of 24,25(OH)2D over this period at p<0.05 would need a relative measurement uncertainty (u%)<14.9% while at p<0.01, relative measurement uncertainty should be <10.5%.

Conclusions

We have defined for the first time APS for 24,25(OH)2D examinations. According to the growing interest in this metabolite, several laboratories and manufacturers might aim to develop specific methods for its determination. The results presented in this paper are thus necessary prerequisites for the validation of such methods.
Fractional Bloom boundedness and compactness of commutators
Authors: Hytönen Tuomas , Oikari Tuomas , Sinko Jaakko
Published: March 2023

Let T be a non-degenerate Calderón–Zygmund operator and let

b
:

ℝ
d

→
ℂ

{b:\mathbb{R}^{d}\to\mathbb{C}}

be locally integrable.
Let

1
<
p
≤
q
<
∞

{1<p\leq q<\infty}

and let

μ
p

∈

A
p

{\mu^{p}\in A_{p}}

and

λ
q

∈

A
q

{\lambda^{q}\in A_{q}}

, where

A
p

{A_{p}}

denotes the usual class of Muckenhoupt weights.
We show that

∥

[
b
,
T
]

∥

L
μ
p

→

L
λ
q

∼

∥
b
∥

BMO
ν
α

,

[
b
,
T
]

∈

𝒦
⁢

(

L
μ
p

,

L
λ
q

)

 
iff

 

b
∈

VMO
ν
α

,

\lVert[b,T]\rVert_{L^{p}_{\mu}\to L^{q}_{\lambda}}\sim\lVert b\rVert_{%
\operatorname{BMO}_{\nu}^{\alpha}},\quad[b,T]\in\mathcal{K}(L^{p}_{\mu},L^{q}_%
{\lambda})\quad\text{iff}\quad b\in\operatorname{VMO}_{\nu}^{\alpha},

where

L
μ
p

=

L
p

⁢

(

μ
p

)

{L^{p}_{\mu}=L^{p}(\mu^{p})}

and

α
/
d

=

1
/
p

-

1
/
q

{\alpha/d=1/p-1/q}

, the symbol

𝒦

{\mathcal{K}}

stands for the class of compact operators between the given spaces, and the fractional weighted

BMO
ν
α

{\operatorname{BMO}_{\nu}^{\alpha}}

and

VMO
ν
α

{\operatorname{VMO}_{\nu}^{\alpha}}

spaces are defined through the following fractional oscillation and Bloom weight:

𝒪
ν
α

⁢

(
b
;
Q
)

=

ν
⁢

(
Q
)

-

α
/
d

⁢

(

1

ν
⁢

(
Q
)

⁢

∫
Q

|

b
-

〈
b
〉

Q

|

)

,

ν
=

(

μ
λ

)

β

,

β
=

(

1
+

α
/
d

)

-
1

.

\mathcal{O}_{\nu}^{\alpha}(b;Q)=\nu(Q)^{-\alpha/d}\biggl{(}\frac{1}{\nu(Q)}%
\int_{Q}\lvert b-\langle b\rangle_{Q}\rvert\biggr{)},\quad\nu=\biggl{(}\frac{%
\mu}{\lambda}\biggr{)}^{\beta},\quad\beta=(1+\alpha/d)^{-1}.

The key novelty is dealing with the off-diagonal range

p
<
q

{p<q}

, whereas the case

p
=
q

{p=q}

was previously studied by Lacey and Li. However, another novelty in both cases is that our approach allows complex-valued functions b, while other arguments based on the median of b on a set are inherently real-valued.
Development of Coconut Oil/Capric Acid Eutectic Phase Change Material with Graphene as Latent Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Hasbi Syafawati , Leong Kin Yuen , Ku Ahmad Ku Zarina , Abdul Rahim Norwazan , Saharudin Mohd Shahneel
Published: March 2023

In this study, a eutectic mixture of coconut oil (CO)-capric acid (CA) was synthesised and investigated with the aim of producing newly eutectic phase change materials (PCMs) with improved thermal properties as thermal energy storage (TES). Although eutectic fatty acids have been widely studied, the information on the thermal properties of the CO-CA eutectic mixture is very limited to the authors’ knowledge. Coconut oil offers good thermal and chemical stability with acceptable latent heat and melting temperature. The thermal properties of the eutectic mixture were enhanced by graphene addition at 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% concentrations. The surfactant was added to the mixture to avoid the sedimentation of graphene. The material characterisation techniques include thermal conductivity measurement, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermal Gravimetric (TG) analysis. The results revealed that the pure eutectic CO-CA has a melting point of 23.5°C with a latent heat of 110 J/g. With the addition of graphene, the melting point of the mixture is 22.8°C, and the latent heat is 103 J/g. Overall, the findings showed that the thermal conductivity improved by 21.7% for 7wt% graphene concentration. The spectra from FTIR and TG analysis showed that the mixture offers thermal and chemical stability. The promising findings in this study showed that the newly developed eutectic mixture with improved thermal properties makes them favourable to be used as TES for low-temperature applications.
Control del entrenamiento con datos GPS y medidas subjetivas de fatiga y recuperación en futbolistas hondureños durante un periodo preparatorio para los Juegos Olímpicos de Tokio 2020/2021
Authors: Vasquez Bonilla Aldo Alfonso , Urrutia Sebastián , Bustamante Ariel , Romero Jorge Fabricio
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El control de cargas de entrenamiento es importante para optimizar el rendimiento. Por lo tanto, se deben documentar metodologías que mejoren la preparación de selecciones nacionales en eventos como los juegos olímpicos.

Objetivo: Determinar si los datos del GPS en combinación con medidas subjetivas de bienestar, fatiga y recuperación son apropiados para el control de las cargas durante un periodo preparatorio para los Juegos Olímpicos.

Metodología: Participaron 22 jugadores profesionales sub-23 durante 5 microciclos y 27 sesiones de entrenamiento. Se recopilaron datos de carga externa a través de un sistema global de posicionamiento (GPS): Distancia total (DT), zonas de rendimiento Z0 (0-15 km/h), Z1 (15.1-18 km/h), Z2 (18.1-24 km/h), Z3 (>24.1 km/h)), velocidad máxima [Vmax (km/h)], aceleraciones (>2.5m/s2) y desaceleraciones (<2.5m/s2). También, se obtuvo la carga interna a través de medidas subjetivas de percepción del esfuerzo (RPE), calidad de la recuperación (TQR), predisposición para entrenar (RTT%) derivada de las variables de calidad del sueño, dolor muscular, niveles de energía, estado de ánimo, estrés, calidad de la alimentación y la salud. Luego se calculó la ratio subjetiva de fatiga-recuperación (F-R). Se aplicó un test ANOVA, análisis de componentes principales (ACP) y una regresión múltiple lineal.

Resultados: Las variables DT (p=0.00 TE=0.22), Z0 (p= 0.00 TE=0.08), Z2 (p=0.00 TE= 0.05), Vmax (p=0.00 TE=0.42), suma de aceleración y deceleración (p=0.00 TE=0.08) y valores relativos de la carga/min (p=0.00 TE=0.17) se identificaron como variables más sensibles al cambio de la carga entre microciclos. El RTT% y ratio subjetivo F-R mostraron un tamaño del efecto moderado (p=0.04 TE=0.06 y p=0.06 TE=0.06), pero fueron sensibles al cambio entre los microciclos. El ACP extrajo 15 variables GPS y 11 variables subjetivas que explicaron el 78% de la varianza de la carga de entrenamiento.

Conclusión: Utilizar datos GPS junto con medidas subjetivas implicadas en la fatiga-recuperación puede ser una buena estrategia para el control de la carga de entrenamiento en futbolistas.
Binary oppositions revisited: Nature and the reconciliation of opposites in Kinnell’s The book of nightmares
Authors: Quirós García Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

The book of nightmares, by Galway Kinnell, has been provided with a remarkable use of natural imagery that facilitates the understanding of the lifedeath binary opposition. These two apparently contradictory realms, life and death, are challenging to understand as elements of a unity, since many individuals, especially in Western society, have been taught to appreciate life and disregard death as a real and vital component of this duality. For the purpose of this study the Jungian archetypal approach and Campbell’s perspective onmyth will be discussed. Unquestionably, in this book-length poem, Kinnell succeeds in revealing their ancestral relationship through natural imagery; hence, the persona makes use of images like the rain, the stones of the path, as well as different kind of animals to craft a poetic world to which individuals can relate.
Análisis ideológico de elmundo.cr: ¿antigobierno o antiPAC?
Authors: López González Ronny
Published: March 2023

The Costa Rican newspaper elmundo.cr is mediatically suspected of an ideological position that rejects the Government and the Civic Action Party (PAC), due to its adhesion to the opposite candidate in 2018 presidential elections in Costa Rica.This analysis identified the veritable speech infiltrated into the informations of this newspaper. It also demonstrated that elmundo.cr is presented as an informative alternative in politics, but very far from the basic journalistic principles in order to give way to ideological interests through the legitimacy of a political authority that allows them to disguise themselves as an objective communication medium. This confirms that its editorial line went beyond an electoral moment.
Participación política: vivencias y retos de mujeres en el ejercicio de la política desde los gobiernos locales de la provincia de Heredia, Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Maritza , Solís Bastos Laura , Contreras Castro Kimberley
Published: March 2023

The present work seeks to share experiences and challenges of women who have held positions of popular election, specifically as municipal councilors and trustees, as titles and substitutes, in different municipalities of the Heredia province during the period 2010-2016. This article aims to present stories associated with experiences lived as a woman politician in the exercise of these positions in local governments, for which eight women from different political parties who held positions in the municipalities were interviewed. The interview addressed different aspects related to the experience from the political participation of these women, among them, difficulties, achievements, challenges and concerns both from the positions they held, and inother social spaces.
Estudio y análisis del cuento “El Príncipe Feliz” de Óscar Wilde
Authors: Méndez-Vega Mauricio
Published: March 2023

This article begins with a general introduction and then with a detailed explanation about the concept of the artistic movement called estheticism. Besides, the main representative authors are cited. Throughout the article, there is a biographic presentation of the Irish writer Oscar Wilde and there is a detailed study and analysis, according to the bibliographic sources and literary and technical concepts about his short story “The Happy Prince”
Escritores importantes de la francofonía y su trayectoria literaria durante el siglo XX
Authors: Borloz-Soto Virginia , Méndez-Vega Mauricio
Published: March 2023

This paper, which is part of a research project carried out by Virginia Borloz, Mauricio Méndez and Alder Senior, introduces the most relevant French-speaking (male and female) authors who belong to the first and second half of the twentieth century. After a meticulous selection, this study compiled the most emblematic exponents from different places (i.e. Francophone countries, D.O.M., T.O.M.), comprised in the following six regions: Maghreb, Sub-Saharan Africa, (North, Caribbean, South) America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. This research project included various facets such as biographies, the classification of the most relevant authors set up by regions, main literary genres (novel, short story, poetry, etc.), the main prizes andawards granted to such writers (i.e. Goncourt, Femina, Grand Prix de la Francophonie, Grand Prix Littéraire d’Afrique noire Renaudot, and so on). Finally, a very complete bibliographical reference list was compiled in order to be consulted by experts and students on Francophone Literature at theUniversity of Costa Rica.
Francisco Zúñiga Díaz, un hombre de letras
Authors: Castro-Carvajal Hiram
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author describes the importance of Costa Rican writer Francisco Zúñiga Díaz, leader and responsible of the well-known literary workshop founded at the National Institute of Insurances (INS) in 1979 to bring together INS’s employees interested in poetry and short story
Revista El Maestro 1926-1931. Una aproximación inicial
Authors: González Sánchez David E.
Published: March 2023

This paper addresses a first look at the educational journal El Maestro published in Costa Rica between 1926 and 1931. For this purpose, an analysis of the content of the journal was applied to determine a profile of the object of study. The article contextualizes the historical, social, and intellectual environment in which the publication is identified. It also describes the type of content it offers and tries to identify some veins for future research that shed new light on the history of Costa Rican education and pedagogical thought.
Encuentro con Gabriela Mistral: de lo mujeril al logos en el Repertorio Americano
Authors: Mendiola Vásquez Melissa
Published: March 2023

In our literary encounter, Mistral invites us to the fraternal American love of the womanish, positioning ourselves in the world with the appropriationof our logos and Latin American realities. She joins her voice of America’s teacher, transcending the symbolic, and transforms the logos of the feminine.
Compression properties of two-dimensional wood-based dowel lattice structure filled with polyurethane foam
Authors: Ye Gaoyuan , Xu Qingyuan , Cheng Yanpeng , Fan Zixuan , Li Qi , Qin Jiankun , Li Shuguang , Hu Yingcheng
Published: March 2023

Foam-filled two-dimensional lattice structures were designed, and their compression performance was studied relative to corresponding structures without the foam. The experimental results showed that the compressive load of foam-filled lattice structures improved greatly compared with foam-unfilled specimens. The specific energy absorption (SEA) of foam-unfilled specimens exceeded that of the corresponding foam-filled lattice structure. The maximum energy absorption efficiency of the foam-unfilled lattice structure exceeded 1.5, while that of the foam-filled lattice structure was less than 1. The theoretically predicted compression performance was close to the experimental results. The wood-based lattice structure exhibited excellent specific strength and stiffness compared with other structures.
Antifungal activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against Candida albicans
Authors: Ahmad Nurul Shahidah , Abdullah Norhafizah , Yasin Faizah Md
Published: March 2023

The unregulated release of titanium dioxide nanoparticles into the environment has raised concern, in particular due to the impact of the nanoparticles on indigenous micro-biome in our ecosystem. This paper reports a study on antifungal activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on a healthy growing fungi species, Candida albicans, a known opportunistic pathogen. A quantification of the total cell death was performed using a direct staining method, Trypan blue exclusion assay. Exposure to nanoparticles not only altered the growth rate, but also affected the onset and length of Candida albicans growth phases. The log and the onset of the death phase were shortened and accelerated, respectively. Up to 65% of the Candida albicans were killed after exposure to 100 μg/mL of the anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles, while only 33% were killed with rutile. A higher dosage and incubation time of the nanoparticles increased their toxicity. Cells suffered from morphological changes upon the nanoparticle exposure, which correlates well with the results showing an altered growth phase culture.
Enzymatic degradation of lignin extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch using laccase and cutinase
Authors: Pasma Satriani Aga , Daik Rusli , Ramli Suria , Maskat Mohamad Yusof , Zulfakar Mohd Hanif
Published: March 2023

Enzymatic degradation products of lignin, having potential for added value, were obtained by extraction and subsequent enzymatic treatments of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). The objective was to optimize the production of OPEFB lignin degradation products and study the effects of different enzymes and reaction media. Powder of OPEFB lignin was recovered from organsolv black liquor by using methanol, acidified water, and deionized water, respectively. OPEFB lignin was later subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in an incubator shaker for 24 h using laccase and cutinase in various reaction media, including phenol, water, and acetate buffer. Nine compounds were recovered as OPEFB lignin degradation products, namely hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillic acid, vanillin, syringic acid, syringaldehyde, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and guaiacyl alcohol. When laccase was used in water, the product with the highest concentration was syringaldehyde (4061.1 ± 89.9 mg/L), and followed by hydroxybenzoic acid (1029.8 ± 50.2 mg/L). Vanillic acid was the product with the highest concentration (126 ± 97.5 g/L) found when laccase was used in phenol. When cutinase was used in water, products with the highest concentrations in the medium were syringaldehyde (4837.6 ± 156.4 mg/L) and syringic acid (2387.7 ± 105.3 mg/L). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the OPEFB lignin degradation products.
Depopulation in Moldova: The main challenge in the context of extremly high emigration
Authors: Gagauz Olga , Tabac Tatiana , Pahomii Irina
Published: March 2023

In Moldova, there has been a long-term decline in the population, mainly due to high levels of emigration. The article presents an analysis of population dynamics in Moldova over the last three decades, and estimates the contributions of fertility, mortality and migration to this process. Using population censuses, data on the population with usual residence, vital statistics and data on Moldovan immigrants from the host countries’ statistical institutes,we estimate population changes between 1991–2021, and present demographic projections up to 2040. The results show that migration outflows account for more than 90% of the depopulation trend, with high levels of premature mortality accelerating the natural decline. The fall in births is associated with a decrease in the reproductive-age population. The total fertility rate has been decreasing gradually, while the cohort fertility rates have not fallen below 1.75 live births per woman. Past migration and low fertility are projected to result in long-term population decline. Demographic ageing is expected to increase. While population decline cannot be stopped, its scale can be limited through reductions in emigration and mortality. This study on population decline in Moldova helps to complete the demographic picture of Europe in the 20th century and into the 21st century.
Neuromítoszok az oktatásban – tények és törekvések
Authors: Csányi Tamás , Kälbli Katalin , Svraka Bernadett , Révész-Kiszela Kinga , Vig Julianna
Published: March 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések

A neuromítoszok olyan tévhitek, amelyek az agyműködéssel kapcsolatos információk, jelenségek, idegtudományi eredmények félreértésén alapulnak. E tévhitek az oktatási rendszerben is elterjedtek, és sokszor kapcsolódnak össze különböző, úgynevezett neuropedagógiai elképzelésekkel, amelyek közvetlenül befolyásolhatják a gyakorlati pedagógiai munkát. Az elmúlt húsz évben egyre nagyobb figyelmet kapott az a kérdés, hogy mennyire elterjedtek a neuromítoszok, milyen tényezők befolyásolják jelenlétüket és elfogadottságukat az oktatás területén, és milyen hatást gyakorolnak a tanítási módszerekre. A kutatások egyöntetűen arra jutottak, hogy ezen mítoszok igen elterjedtek mind a pedagógusok, mind a pedagógusjelöltek körében. Ezen mítoszokra olyan fejlesztési javaslatok és terápiás eljárások épülnek, melyek hatástalanságuk miatt felesleges idő- és energiaráfordítást is jelenthetnek. Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy egyrészt három elterjedt oktatási neuromítosz tudományos alapjainak rövid áttekintésével bemutassa a jelenség súlyát, másrészt átfogóan ismertesse az oktatási neuromítoszokkal összefüggő tudományos eredményeket, a téma kutatásának jövőbeli irányait.

Módszer

Tanulmányunk a neuromítoszokkal, ezen belül a három legelterjedtebb neuromítosszal kapcsolatos magyar és angol nyelvű szakcikkek feldolgozása alapján készült, műfajában narratív jellegű kritikai összefoglaló elemzés.

Eredmények

Hazánkban alig jelent meg tanulmány a témában. A nemzetközi szakirodalom azonban egyre szélesebb körben foglalkozik az oktatási neuromítoszokkal, amelyek közül a legelterjedtebbek (1) a tanulási stílusokkal, (2) az agyféltekei dominanciával és (3) az agyféltekei integrációval kapcsolatos mítoszok. A neuromítoszok elfogadását, illetve elutasítását elősegítő (prediktív, illetve protektív) tényezők egyaránt a vizsgálatok homlokterében állnak.

Következtetések

A pedagógusok, pedagógusjelöltek és pedagógusképzésben dolgozó munkatársak evidenciaalapú idegtudományi ismereteinek bővítése kulcsfontosságúnak látszik a neuromítoszokkal szembeni küzdelemben. Lényeges szerepet töltenek be az aggyal kapcsolatos korszerű ismeretek, és a neuromítoszok felismeréséhez szükséges kritikai gondolkodás.
Remedial works to ornamental ponds within a historic park in the UK
Authors: Cavanagh Stephen P , Read Bryn T
Published: March 2023

Prior Park is a historic landscaped garden situated in Bath, UK, funded in the eighteenth century by Ralph Allen and designed by the poet Alexander Pope and the landscape architect ‘Capability’ Brown. The gardens include the Palladian Bridge and three man-made lakes, two formed by embankments and the third by a weir situated beneath the bridge. Following decades of decline, the National Trust was gifted the park in 1993 and has since set to restore the park to its former glory. This paper focuses on the restoration of the lakes and describes how overflow spillway capacities from the lakes were increased to allow floodwater to pass safely downstream. It also describes how the embankments were repaired and strengthened without impacting on the vision of the park set by the original architects. The engineering works included reinforcement of grass turf with geotextiles, using stilling basins hidden in chambers below the embankments and restoration of a cascade feature to one of the dams.