bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A top-down assessment using OMI NO2 suggests an underestimate in the NOx emissions inventory in Seoul, South Korea during KORUS-AQ
Authors: Goldberg Daniel L. , Saide Pablo E. , Lamsal Lok N. , de Foy Benjamin , Lu Zifeng , Woo Jung-Hun , Kim Younha , Kim Jinseok , Gao Meng , Carmichael Gregory , Streets David G.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. In this work, we investigate the NOx emissions inventory in Seoul, South Korea using a regional NASA Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 product. We first develop a regional OMI NO2 product by re-calculating the air mass factors using a high-resolution (4 × 4 km2) WRF-Chem model simulation, which better captures the NO2 shape profiles in urban regions. We then apply a model-derived spatial averaging kernel to further downscale the retrieval and account for the sub-pixel variability. These two modifications yield OMI NO2 values in the regional product that are 1.37 larger in the Seoul metropolitan region and > 2 times larger near large industrial sources. These two modifications also yield an OMI NO2 product that is in better agreement with the Pandora NO2 spectrometer measurements acquired during the Korea U.S.-Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) field campaign. NOx emissions are then derived for the Seoul metropolitan area during the KORUS-AQ field campaign using a top-down approach with the standard and regional NASA OMI NO2 products. We first apply the top-down approach to a model simulation to ensure that the method is appropriate: the WRF-Chem simulation utilizing the bottom-up emission inventory yields a NOx emission rate of 227 ± 94 kton/yr, while the bottom-up inventory itself yields a NOx emission rate of 198 kton/yr. Using the top-down approach on the regional OM NO2 product, we derive the NOx emissions rate from Seoul to be 484 ± 201 kton/yr, and a 353 ± 146 kton/yr NOx emissions rate using the standard NASA OMI NO2 product. This suggests an underestimate of 53 % and 36 % using the regional and standard NASA OMI NO2 products respectively. To supplement this finding, we compare the NO2 simulated by WRF-Chem to observations of the same quantity acquired by aircraft and find a model underestimate. When NOx emissions in the WRF-Chem model are doubled, there is better agreement with KORUS-AQ aircraft observations. Although the current work is focused on South Korea using OMI, the methodology developed in this work can be applied to other world regions using TROPOMI and future satellite datasets (e.g., GEMS and TEMPO) to produce high-quality region-specific top-down NOx emission estimates.
Exploring systematic offsets between aerosol products from the two MODIS sensors
Authors: Levy Robert C. , Mattoo Shana , Sawyer Virginia , Shi Yingxi , Colarco Peter R. , Lyapustin Alexei I. , Wang Yujie , Remer Lorraine A.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Long-term measurements of global aerosol loading and optical
properties are essential for assessing climate-related questions. Using
observations of spectral reflectance and radiance, the dark-target (DT)
aerosol retrieval algorithm is applied to Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer sensors on both Terra (MODIS-T) and Aqua (MODIS-A)
satellites, deriving products (known as MOD04 and MYD04, respectively) of
global aerosol optical depth (AOD at 0.55 µm) over both land and
ocean, and an Ångström exponent (AE derived from 0.55 and
0.86 µm) over ocean. Here, we analyze the overlapping time series
(since mid-2002) of the Collection 6 (C6) aerosol products. Global monthly
mean AOD from MOD04 (Terra with morning overpass) is consistently higher than
MYD04 (Aqua with afternoon overpass) by ∼ 13 % (∼ 0.02 over
land and ∼ 0.015 over ocean), and this offset (MOD04 – MYD04) has
seasonal as well as long-term variability. Focusing on 2008 and deriving
yearly gridded mean AOD and AE, we find that, over ocean, the MOD04 (morning)
AOD is higher and the AE is lower. Over land, there is more variability, but
only biomass-burning regions tend to have AOD lower for MOD04. Using
simulated aerosol fields from the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5)
Earth system model and sampling separately (in time and space) along each
MODIS-observed swath during 2008, the magnitudes of morning versus afternoon
offsets of AOD and AE are smaller than those in the C6 products. Since the
differences are not easily attributed to either aerosol diurnal cycles or
sampling issues, we test additional corrections to the input reflectance
data. The first, known as C6+, corrects for long-term changes to each
sensor's polarization sensitivity and the response versus the scan angle and
to cross-calibration from MODIS-T to MODIS-A. A second convolves the
detrending and cross-calibration into scaling factors. Each method was
applied upstream of the aerosol retrieval using 2008 data. While both methods
reduced the overall AOD offset over land from 0.02 to 0.01, neither
significantly reduced the AOD offset over ocean. The overall negative AE
offset was reduced. A collection (C6.1) of all MODIS Atmosphere products was
released, but we expect that the C6.1 aerosol products will maintain similar
overall AOD and AE offsets. We conclude that (a) users should not interpret
global differences between Terra and Aqua aerosol products as representing a
true diurnal signal in the aerosol. (b) Because the MODIS-A product appears
to have an overall smaller bias compared to ground-truth data, it may be more
suitable for some applications. However (c), since the AOD offset is only
∼ 0.02 and within the noise level for single retrievals, both MODIS
products may be adequate for most applications.
ICME impact at Earth with low and typical Mach number plasma
characteristics
Authors: Lakka Antti , Pulkkinen Tuija I. , Dimmock Andrew P. , Kilpua Emilia , Ala-Lahti Matti , Honkonen Ilja , Palmroth Minna , Raukunen Osku
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We study how the the Earth's magnetosphere responds to the fluctuating solar wind conditions caused by two different amplitude interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) events by using the Grand Unified Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling Simulation (GUMICS-4). ICME events are known to drive strong geomagnetic disturbances and thus generate conditions that may lead to saturation of the cross-polar cap potential (CPCP). The two ICME events occurred on 15–16 July 2012 and 29–30 April 2014. During the 2012 event, the solar wind upstream values reached up to 35 particles/cm3, speed of 694 km/s, and interplanetary magnetic field of 22 nT. The event of 2014 was a moderate one, with the corresponding upstream values of 30 particles/cm3, 320 km/s and 10 nT. The mean upstream Alfvén Mach number was 2.3 for the 2012 event, while it was 5.8 for the 2014 event. We examine how the Earth's space environment dynamics evolves during both ICME events covering both global and local perspectives. To validate the accuracy of the GUMICS-4 simulation we use satellite data from several missions located in different parts of the magnetosphere. It is shown that the CPCP saturation is affected by the upstream conditions, with strong dependence on the Alfvén Mach number.
Phytoplankton size class in the East China Sea derived from MODIS satellite data
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Wang Shengqiang , Qiu Zhongfeng , Sun Deyong , Ishizaka Joji , Sun Shaojie , He Yijun
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The distribution and variation of phytoplankton size class (PSC) are key to understanding ocean biogeochemical processes and ecosystems. Remote sensing of the PSC in the East China Sea (ECS) remains a challenge, although many algorithms have been developed to estimate PSC. Here based on a local dataset from the ECS, a regional model was tuned to estimate the PSC from the spectral features of normalized phytoplankton absorption (aph) using a principal component analysis approach. Before applying the refined PSC model to MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data, reconstructing satellite remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) at 412 and 443 nm was critical through modeling them from Rrs between 469 and 555 nm using multiple regression analysis. Satellite-derived PSC results compared well with those derived from pigment composition, which demonstrated the potential of satellite ocean color data to estimate PSC distributions in the ECS from space. Application of the refined PSC model to the reconstructed MODIS data from 2003 to 2016 yielded the seasonal distributions of the PSC in the ECS, suggesting that the PSC distributions were heterogeneous in both temporal and spatial scales. Micro-phytoplankton were dominant in coastal waters throughout the year, especially in the Changjiang estuary. For the middle shelf region, the seasonal shifts from the dominance of micro- and nano-phytoplankton in the winter and spring to the dominance of nano- and pico-phytoplankton in the summer and autumn were observed. Pico-phytoplankton were especially dominant in the Kuroshio region in the spring, summer, and autumn. The seasonal variations of the PSC in the ECS were probably affected by a combination of the water column stability, upwelling, sea surface temperature, and the Kuroshio. Additionally, human activity and riverine discharge might also influence the PSC distribution in the ECS, especially in the coastal region.
Carbon Flux Explorer Optical Assessment of C, N and P Fluxes
Authors: Bourne Hannah L. , Bishop James K. B. , Wood Todd J. , Loew Timothy J. , Liu Yizhuang
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The magnitude and controls of particulate carbon exported from surface waters and its remineralization at depth are poorly known. The Carbon Flux Explorer (CFE), a Lagrangian float-deployed imaging sediment trap, has been designed to optically measure the hourly variations of particle flux to kilometer depths for months to seasons while relaying data in near-real time to shore via satellite without attending ships. The main optical proxy of particle load recorded by the CFE, volume-attenuance (VA; units of mATN-cm2), while rigorously defined and highly precise, has not been robustly calibrated in terms of particulate organic carbon (POC), nitrogen (PN), and phosphorus (PP). In this study, a novel 3D printed particle sampler using cutting edge additive manufacturing was developed and integrated with the CFE. Two such modified floats (CFE-Cals) were deployed a total of 15 times for 18-24-hour periods to gain calibration imagery and samples at depths near 150 meters in four contrasting productivity environments during the June 2017 California Current Ecosystem – Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) process study. Regression slopes for VA : POC and VA : PN (units mATN-cm2 : mmol; R2 in parentheses) were 10.07 × 103 (0.86), 10.05 × 104 (0.87) respectively and was not sensitive to environment or classes of particles sampled. PP was not strongly correlated with VA.
TOAST 1.0: Tropospheric Ozone Attribution of Sources with Tagging for CESM 1.2.2
Authors: Butler Tim , Lupascu Aurelia , Coates Jane , Zhu Shuai
Published: July 2018

Abstract. A system for source attribution of tropospheric ozone produced from both
NOx and volatile organic compound (VOC) precursors is described, along with its
implementation in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1.2.2 using
CAM4. The user can specify an arbitrary number of tag identities for each
NOx or VOC species in the model, and the tagging system
rewrites the model chemical mechanism and source code to incorporate tagged
tracers and reactions representing these tagged species, as well as ozone
produced in the stratosphere. If the user supplies emission files for the
corresponding tagged tracers, the model will produce tagged ozone tracers
which represent the contribution of each of the tag identities to the
modelled total tropospheric ozone. Our tagged tracers preserve
Ox. The size of the tagged chemical mechanism scales linearly
with the number of specified tag identities. Separate simulations are
required for NOx and VOC tagging, which avoids the sharing
of tag identities between NOx and VOC species. Results are
presented and evaluated for both NOx and VOC source
attribution. We show that northern hemispheric surface ozone is dominated
year-round by anthropogenic emissions of NOx, but that the
mix of corresponding VOC precursors changes over the course of the year;
anthropogenic VOC emissions contribute significantly to surface ozone in
winter–spring, while biogenic VOCs are more important in summer. The system
described here can provide important diagnostic information about modelled
ozone production, and could be used to construct source–receptor
relationships for tropospheric ozone.
EDDA 2.0: integrated simulation of debris flow initiation and dynamics considering two initiation mechanisms
Authors: Shen Ping , Zhang Limin , Chen Hongxin , Fan Ruilin
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Climate change is resulting in more frequent rainstorms and more
rain-induced debris flows in mountainous areas. The prediction of likely
hazard zones is important for debris flow risk assessment and management.
Existing numerical methods for debris flow analysis often require the input
of hydrographs at prescribed initiation locations, ignoring the initiation
process and leading to large uncertainties in debris flow initiation
locations, times, and volumes when applied to regional debris flow analysis.
The evolution of the flowing mixture in time and space is also barely addressed.
This paper presents a new integrated numerical model, EDDA 2.0, to
simulate the whole process of debris flow initiation, motion, entrainment,
deposition, and property changes. Two physical initiation mechanisms are
modelled: transformation from slope failures and surface erosion. Three
numerical tests and field application to a catastrophic debris flow event are
conducted to verify the model components and evaluate the model performance.
The results indicate that the integrated model is capable of simulating the
initiation and subsequent flowing process of rain-induced debris flows, as
well as the physical evolution of the flowing mixture. The integrated model
provides a powerful tool for analysing multi-hazard processes, hazard
interactions, and regional debris flow risk assessment in the future.
The Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to
Volcanic forcing (VolMIP): experimental design and forcing
input data for CMIP6
Authors: Zanchettin Davide , Khodri Myriam , Timmreck Claudia , Toohey Matthew , Schmidt Anja , Gerber Edwin P. , Hegerl Gabriele , Robock Alan , Pausata Francesco S. R. , Ball William T. , Bauer Susanne E. , Bekki Slimane , Dhomse Sandip S. , LeGrande Allegra N. , Mann Graham W. , Marshall Lauren , Mills Michael , Marchand Marion , Niemeier Ulrike , Poulain Virginie , Rozanov Eugene , Rubino Angelo , Stenke Andrea , Tsigaridis Kostas , Tummon Fiona
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer by volcanic eruptions induces a complex set of responses causing global and regional climate effects on a broad range of timescales. Uncertainties exist regarding the climatic response to strong volcanic forcing identified in coupled climate simulations that contributed to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). In order to better understand the sources of these model diversities, the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP) has defined a coordinated set of idealized volcanic perturbation experiments to be carried out in alignment with the CMIP6 protocol. VolMIP provides a common stratospheric aerosol data set for each experiment to minimize differences in the applied volcanic forcing. It defines a set of initial conditions to assess how internal climate variability contributes to determining the response. VolMIP will assess to what extent volcanically forced responses of the coupled ocean–atmosphere system are robustly simulated by state-of-the-art coupled climate models and identify the causes that limit robust simulated behavior, especially differences in the treatment of physical processes. This paper illustrates the design of the idealized volcanic perturbation experiments in the VolMIP protocol and describes the common aerosol forcing input data sets to be used.
Assessing the cover crop effect on soil hydraulic properties by inverse modelling in a 10-year field trial
Authors: Gabriel José Luis , Quemada Miguel , Martín-Lammerding Diana , Vanclooster Marnik
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Cover cropping in agriculture is expected to enhance many agricultural and ecosystems functions and services. Yet, few studies are available allowing to evaluate the impact of cover cropping on the long term change of soil hydrologic functions. We assessed the long term change of the soil hydraulic properties due to cover cropping by means of a 10-year field experiment. We monitored continuously soil water content in non cover cropped and cover cropped fields by means of capacitance probes. We subsequently determined the hydraulic properties by inverting the soil hydrological model WAVE, using the time series of the 10 year monitoring data in the object function. We observed two main impacts, each having their own time dynamics. First, we observed an initial compaction as a result of the minimum tillage. This initial negative effect was followed by a more positive cover crop effect. The positive cover crop effect consisted in an increase of the soil micro- and macro-porosity, improving the structure. This resulted in a larger soil water retention capacity. This latter improvement was mainly observed below 20 cm, and mostly in the soil layer between 40 and 80 cm depth. This study shows that the expected cover crop competition for water with the main crop can be compensated by an improvement of the water retention in the intermediate layers of the soil profile. This may enhance the hydrologic functions of agricultural soils in arid and semiarid regions which often are constrained by water stress.
Generating porosity during olivine carbonation via dissolution channels and expansion cracks
Authors: Xing Tiange , Zhu Wenlu , Fusseis Florian , Lisabeth Harrison
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The olivine carbonation reaction, in which carbon dioxide is chemically incorporated to form carbonate, is central to the emerging carbon sequestration method using ultramafic rocks. The rate of this retrograde metamorphic reaction is controlled, in part, by the available reactive surface area: as the solid volume increases during carbonation, the feasibility of this method ultimately depends on the maintenance of porosity and the creation of new reactive surfaces. We conducted in situ dynamic X-ray microtomography and nanotomography experiments to image and quantify the porosity generation during olivine carbonation. We designed a sample setup that included a thick-walled cup (made of porous olivine aggregates with a mean grain size of either  ∼  5 or  ∼  80 µm) filled with loose olivine sands with grain sizes of 100–500 µm. The whole sample assembly was reacted with a NaHCO3 aqueous solution at 200 °C, under a constant confining pressure of 13 MPa and a pore pressure of 10 MPa. Using synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography, the three-dimensional (3-D) pore structure evolution of the carbonating olivine cup was documented until the olivine aggregates became disintegrated. The dynamic microtomography data show a volume reduction in olivine at the beginning of the reaction, indicating a vigorous dissolution process consistent with the disequilibrium reaction kinetics. In the olivine cup with a grain size of  ∼  80 µm (coarse-grained cup), dissolution planes developed within 30 h, before any precipitation was observed. In the experiment with the olivine cup of  ∼  5 µm mean grain size (fine-grained cup), idiomorphic magnesite crystals were observed on the surface of the olivine sands. The magnesite shows a near-constant growth throughout the experiment, suggesting that the reaction is self-sustained. Large fractures were generated as the reaction proceeded and eventually disintegrated the aggregate after 140 h. Detailed analysis show that these are expansion cracks caused by the volume mismatch in the cup walls, between the expanding interior and the near-surface which keeps a nearly constant volume. Nanotomography images of the reacted olivine cup reveal pervasive etch pits and wormholes in the olivine grains. We interpret this perforation of the solids to provide continuous fluid access, which is likely key to the complete carbonation observed in nature. Reactions proceeding through the formation of nano- to micron-scale dissolution channels provide a viable microscale mechanism in carbon sequestration practices. For the natural peridotite carbonation, a coupled mechanism of dissolution and reaction-induced fracturing should account for the observed self-sustainability of the reaction.
Maximum mouth opening in healthy children and adolescents in Istanbul
Authors: Koruyucu Mine , Tabakcilar Derya , Seymen Figen , Gençay Koray
Published: July 2018

Objectives: Mouth opening capacity is often regarded as one of the important parameters for evaluating the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscle status. A reduced mouth opening capacity may be one of the first clinical signs of TMJ involvement. The purpose of this study was to create age related percentiles for the maximal interincisal distance (MID) of healthy children. Methods: The patients admitted for routine dental examinations to Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics were included in this study. The interincisal measurements were performed with metallic calliper and also malocclusions were recorded for all children. Oneway Anova test, Tukey HDS test, Tamhane’s T2 test and Student t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The study population comprised of 1059 (569 males, 490 females), 3-to 15-year-old (mean age 8.82±3.06) children. The mean score of maximal inter-incisal distance was found 33.24±5.54 for females; 33.32±5.71 for males. There was no statistically significant difference according to gender (p=0.815; p>0.05). The mean score of maximal inter-incisal distance was found 28.63±4.34 for 3-5 years; 33.52±4.84 for 6-11 years; 37.35±5.52 for 12-15 years children. Statistically significant differences were found between age groups (p: 0.001; p<0.01). The mean score of maximal inter-incisal distance was found 32.9±5.6 for class I; 34.92±5.51 for class II; 35.2±5.36 for class III malocclusions. Statistically significant differences were found between malocclusion groups (p:0.001; p<0.01). Conclusion: The result of this study indicated that positive relationship between the maximum mouth opening and age and malocclusion.
Comparison of root canal length measurement methods in primary teeth
Authors: Koruyucu Mine , Bayram Merve , Kasımoğlu Yelda , Seymen Figen
Published: July 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of conventional radiography, intraoral digital radiovisiography and electronic apex locator in determining the working length of root canals in primary teeth (in-vivo) and to compare the results with scanning electron microscopy measurements (ex-vivo). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 50 primary molar teeth. Standard endodontic access cavity preparations were prepared and the actual length was calculated by calibrated investigators. Working lengths were determined by using conventional radiography, RVG and apex locator in a total of 116 root canals. After the extraction of the teeth, each canal length was determined by using SEM. Data were analysed statistically by using Oneway Anova, Tukey HDS, Student t test and Bonferroni tests. Results: The mean root length measurements with conventional radiography were significantly higher than apex locator, RVG and SEM. The accuracy of apex locator and RVG were higher than conventional radiography in determining the working length in primary teeth. Conclusions: The electronic apex locators provide an acceptable level of accuracy in determining root canal length in primary teeth. Clinical Relevance: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of conventional radiography, intraoral digital radiovisiography and electronic apex locator in determining the working length of root canals in primary teeth and,to compare the results with scanning electron microscopy measurements.
Rapid discrimination of wood species from native forest and plantations using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Ramalho Fernanda M. G. , Andrade Jéssica M. , Hein Paulo R. G.
Published: July 2018

Aim of study: To verify how well near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is able to discriminate wood specimens from natural and planted forests. This study was carried out using tropical trees from Brazil.Area of study: Wood specimens coming from Lavras (21°10′S, 44°54′W), Paraopeba (19°16′S, 44°24′W) and Belo Oriente (19°17′S, 42°23′W) cities, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil were insvetigated.Material and methods: NIR spectra were recorded in the radial surface of wood specimens of four native species (Cedrela sp., Apuleia sp., Aspidosperma sp. and Jacaranda sp.) and two commercial clones (Eucalyptus for bioenergy and pulp & paper).Main results: The principal component analysis (PCA) of spectral information revealed that it is possible to distinguish wood from planted and native forests. The dispersion of scores in the graphic formed by the first and second principal component formed two groups allowing differentiating very clearly the Eucalyptus clones from the native woods. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) allowed the prediction of group of species with a high degree of correct classification. The PLS-DA models performed from untreated NIR spectra obtained 86 to 100% accuracy for the natural wood species.Research highlights: From PLS-DA of treated NIR spectra, no Eucalyptus wood sample was classified as a natural forest species and vice versa. NIR technique associated with multivariate statistics are promising to discriminate wood specimens from native or planted forests and thus identify frauds.
A fotografia dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016: mídias sociais, memes e engajamento
Authors: Américo Marcos , Margadona Laís Akemi
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho aborda a produção fotográfica referente ao público dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016 e inclui também uma discussão sobre a manipulação de fotografias oficiais em memes e virais. Propomos que a fotografia veiculada em mídias sociais foi uma significativa ferramenta de mobilização e aproximação dos Jogos ao universo do espectador brasileiro, bem como importante meio de extensão da narrativa olímpica no contexto transmídia.
Noir Dourado da adaptação literária: de Rubem Fonseca ao clichê da minissérie Agosto
Authors: Bulhões Marcelo Magalhães
Published: July 2018

O propósito deste artigo é avaliar a adaptação de Agosto, romance de Rubem Fonseca publicado em 1990, produzida pela TV Globo. Tal avaliação buscará acessar a questão da adaptação audiovisual como fenômeno intersemiótico, enfocando um gênero cuja trajetória histórica é exemplar da dinâmica de absorção, transformação e recriação que envolve as relações entre cinema e literatura: o noir.
Momento de reflexão: produzir ou reproduzir conhecimento e para quê? Afinal, qual a missão da pesquisa científica em administração no Brasil?
Authors: Munck Luciano
Published: July 2018

Sem resumo.
ENTRE VIOLÊNCIA MÍTICA E VIOLÊNCIA DIVINA: A DEPOSIÇÃO DA INSTITUCIONALIDADE JURÍDICA EM WALTER BENJAMIN
Authors: Rech Moisés João , Pires Lucas João Ignácio
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do artigo é restabelecer a crítica da institucionalidade jurídica a partir das categorias do ensaio de Walter Benjamin “Para uma crítica da violência”, de 1921; mais especificamente, restabelecer a crítica do direito por meio da tensão entre as categorias violência mítica – instauradora e conservadora do direito – e violência divina – depositora da institucionalidade jurídica. A hipótese subjacente acena para um rompimento com a continuidade histórica e jurídica, em contraposição a uma pretensa suprassunção das categorias benjaminianas. A análise qualitativa com revisão bibliográfica e técnica de análise de conteúdo, em especial das obras de Walter Benjamin são as linhas metodológicas utilizadas e, a título de conclusão, destaca-se o sentido emancipador da categoria violência divina, traduzida politicamente como greve revolucionária.
PODER E VIOLÊNCIA NO PENSAMENTO DE MICHEL FOUCAULT
Authors: Costa Helrison Silva
Published: July 2018

Este artigo pretende identificar o lugar da violência no pensamento de Michel Foucault na trilha aberta por suas pesquisas genealógicas do poder, especificamente em relação aos estudos concernentes às práticas de governo racionalizadas que se inserem no campo da governamentalidade. Pensamos que o problema da violência- embora não constitua matéria de reflexão privilegiada no corpus foucaultiano- é um elemento importante para a formulação das relações de poder entendidas como condução de condutas. Para isso, este artigo analisa duas pistas apontadas por Foucault: 1) a assimetria entre violência e poder; 2) a complementaridade entre razão e violência. Descortina-se, então, as considerações de Foucault acerca da biopolítica as quais o autor se utiliza para designar a tomada dos aspectos biológicos dos conjuntos populacionais pelas estratégias políticas racionalizadas, cuja efetivação pode se desdobrar em extrema violência. Assim, este estudo pretende mostrar que a biopolítica aparece como um conceito importante para compreender a articulação entre poder, razão e violência em decorrência dos problemas que a racionalidade do bipoder coloca e dos dispositivos que solicita.
John Deely’s Influence on Prague Semiotics
Authors: Švantner Martin , Karľa Michal ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we give account of how the present shift in thought of the Prague School of Semiotics towards the history of semiotics (including, perhaps most notably, the exegesis of Peirce’s work) has been initiated and shaped by the ideas of John Deely. We discuss how works of John Deely were “discovered” in Prague, and how they found their way into our scholarly work and curriculum. We concentrate on the two Deely’s ideas which influenced us the most: his method of the “archaeology of concepts” applicable to the study of the history of semiotics, and his historical account of what constitutes a sign in its proper being, which not only makes semiotics and its historiography possible, but also advances a new conception of philosophy considered as semiotics.
Encuesta : el Tratado por el que se establece una Constitución para Europa
Authors: - -
Published: July 2018

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RESEÑA de : Fraile Ortíz, María. El significado de la ciudadanía europea. Madrid : Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales. Madrid : Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 2003
Authors: Reviriego Picón Fernando
Published: July 2018

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La jurisdicción constitucional y las posibilidades de concretización de los derechos fundamentales sociales
Authors: Streck Lenio Luiz
Published: July 2018

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Los derechos en el constitucionalismo: tipología y tutela «multilevel»
Authors: Alvarez Conde Enrique , Tur Ausina Rosario
Published: July 2018

The survey pretends an approach to the characteristic multilevel protection of rights throughly studied in the last times. Starting from previous considerations that should highlight the value of fundamental rights in constitutionalism, we reach today a globalized world in which the benefits that citizens receive, as well as the juridical status, are exceeded by different levels of acknowledgement and protection in search of a perfect fitting. Therefore, the survey tackles such a problem tacking into account, on the one hand, the complexity the new challewnges represent for the classical rights (biotechnology, collective rights, environment, etc.) and at the same time, on the other hand, noticing that the protection is «distributed» amongst many different and varied levels. If States and international organisms were until now the «natural» guarantors of rights, we must take into consideration, from this very moment, that the contribution of protection in the under state levels (regional autonomous, local), but as well the emphasis that appears in the private field. Definitely, the multileval protection of rights is one of the great challenges of the contemporary democracies.
RESEÑA : Barrero Ortega, Abraham. La libertad religiosa en España. Madrid : Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 2006
Authors: Vázquez Alonso Víctor Javier
Published: July 2018

The work by professor Abraham Barrero deals exhaustively with the regulation of religious freedom in the Spanish legal system. In the first part of his book, he performs a historical review of r eligious fr eedom in the Spanish constitutionalism. Next, he proceeds to analyze the constitutional profiles of freedom in the Constitution of 1978. Finally, he examines the normative developments of religious freedom in light of the constitutional principles. The author underlines the relevance of the individual dimension of r eligious freedom, and highlights the relationship between this right and equity, and with the principle of state-church separation. Because of its comprehensiveness and consistency it may well be considered the most relevant doctrinal contribution on this subject in the last years.
Los nuevos derechos
Authors: Corchete Martín María José
Published: July 2018

This article attempts to reflect on the hended search to strike a balance between the constancy and the change of the fundamental rights. The Constitution is the starting point of the fundamental rights as a dogmatic category. Therefore it cannot be isolated from the reality if we want it to continue being an alive and effective norm. For this reason the Constitution must introduce this update of rights, which is essential and inevitable taking into account the social, cultural and economic transformations that affect the human being constantly. The research of means and techniques to strike this said balance will lead us to the reality of the fundamental rights at the present time, like a dynamic category.
La justicia en los estatutos de autonomía de segunda generación
Authors: Porras Ramírez José María
Published: July 2018

Los Estatutos de Autonomía de segunda generación defienden el establecimiento de una más equilibrada relación entre los principios constitucionales de la unidad jurisdiccional y de autonomía política. Así, a pesar de su diferente intensidad reguladora, todos ellos profundizan en las posibilidades que ofrece el modelo prefigurado en la Constitución, a pesar de que estas normas, para ser eficaces, han de estar en armonía con las que se contienen en la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial. No en vano esta relevante norma ha sido habilitada por la Constitución para fijar el marco en el que las Comunidades Autónomas pueden ejercer las competencias asumidas en sus respectivos Estatutos.
The function of monologue in contemporary drama
Authors: Labanauskaitė Gabrielė
Published: July 2018

The monologue as an opening of inner thoughts gained its popularity in the drama field already in the second half of the 20th century. Influenced by such writers as M. Duras, P. Handke, B. Strauss, H. Müller, M. Koltès, it started to be more and more intensively used in contemporary drama, which practises inner monologue and the flow of un/consciousness. That’s why this article ‘The function of monologue in contemporary drama’ presents the types of monologues and analyses how their functions are changing.
The need to develop objective criteria for suitability as a surrogate mother: Reflections on Ex Parte KAF
Authors:   School of Law, Howard College, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, and associate member, KwaZulu-Natal Bar, South Africa, Thaldar D
Published: July 2018

This article points out a problematic lacuna in our law on surrogate motherhood, namely the lack of objective criteria for evaluating the suitability of a surrogate mother. The recent case of Ex Parte KAF – a case in which a surrogate motherhood agreement confirmation application was dismissed by the Johannesburg High Court – demonstrated how this lacuna can cause conceptual disjunction between the court and the clinical psychologist who evaluates the candidate surrogate mother. The solution suggested in this article is that clinical psychologists who evaluate candidate surrogate mothers should give urgent and careful thought to identifying such objective criteria, and start explicitly articulating these criteria in the reports that they file in surrogate motherhood agreement confirmation applications. This practice will give the court the opportunity to engage with such criteria and to develop precedents in this regard.
La Teoría del Stakeholder o de los Grupos de Interés, pieza clave de la RSE, del éxito empresarial y de la sostenibilidad
Authors: Fernández Fernández José Luis , Bajo Sanjuán Anna
Published: July 2018

Despite its shortcomings and limitations, CSR represents a rich way to understand the relationships between businesses and society, a more complex manner of analysing the managerial role and a coherent method to achieve sustainability of business and economic processes. The concept of Stakeholders or Interest Groups is probably the key differentiator and foundation on which to base the insights of this emerging business paradigm. Influence, urgency and legitimacy act by establishing priorities when meeting the demands of these groups. This work develops the concept and presents the results of an academic endeavour that has been carried out for a quarter of a century. It is related to the strategic policy of managing relationships between a company and its stakeholders, not only as a business requirement, but also as a standard of ethics and responsibility.
Posicionamiento del valor de marca de firmas de moda
Authors: Núñez Barriopedro Estela , Cuesta Valiño Pedro , Gutiérrez Rodríguez Pablo
Published: July 2018

Currently, the brand is a key value-adding tool for companies. A strong brand is a tool that allows one to create and maintain a valuable competitive advantage in competitive and globalized spheres. This research analyses the value of brands from the retailer’s perspective using an objective methodology that allows brand positioning against its main competitors and allows us to discover what the main differentiating strategies of each of the firms are. This study has been applied to the textile sector although it could also be used for other business sectors.
Investigación sobre la eficacia de la publicidad en videojuegos: estado de la cuestión
Authors: Martí Parreño José , Aldás Manzano Joaquín , Currás Pérez Rafael
Published: July 2018

Advertising through videogames is acquiring increasing prominence as a marketing communications tool for organisations. Be it through the use of product placement in videogames, in-game advertising or advergaming, the use of videogames as a marketing communications tool has seen an important increase in the last few years in the marketing budgets of organisations. Together with this increase in the commercial implementation, there has also been an increase in academic research that has centered its attention on the use of video games as an advertising tool. The present exploratory work analyses 19 academic articles that have studied different areas of advertising effcacy in the use of video games as an advertising tool. The main objective of this work is to identify the principal lines of research as well as the principal methodologies and factors used. Using the contents analysis as an investigative tool, the article shows the state of the matter of the academic research on the effcacy of advertising through video games and highlights potential areas of interest where there is a scarcity of academic research and, therefore, offers new opportunities to researchers.
Los discursos comunicativos y sus relaciones con el consumo del siglo XXI
Authors: Rodrigo Martín Luis
Published: July 2018

The present article sets out the summary of research whose object of study centres on the analysis of the inter relationships that are established between communicative discourses and their influence on consumption behaviour. In the modern capitalist society framework we will analyse communication, cultural and consumption variables that constitute the key research elements. It is, therefore, a multidisciplinary work that intends to explain the complex phenomenon of consumption from a global vision of the social and cultural context that offers a new social-communicative focus to market analysis. The methodology used to learn concisely and rigorously the communicative discourses and their relationship to consumption is based on a content analysis of the textual code of a collection of 500 graphic press and general magazine advertisements, where we have analysed the appeals used that serve to define and conform the new discourses. The graphic medium presents itself as the most appropriate one for the study as it uses text in conjunction with image as an end in itself to serve as a clarifying and explicative factor for the advertised concepts. The new communicative discourses, defined from the study of specialist consumptions, generate a series of suitable and significant appeals in order to target the general public. The study of the afore-mentioned advertisements has allowed us to learn and be able to represent systematically and rigorously the essential characteristics and differences of each of the discourses that characterize advertising communication in the 21 st century.
Founder effects drive the genetic structure of passively dispersed aquatic invertebrates
Authors: Montero-Pau Javier , Gomez Africa , Serra Manuel
Published: July 2018

Populations of passively dispersed organisms in continental aquatic habitats typically show high levels of neutral genetic differentiation, despite their high dispersal capabilities. Several evolutionary factors, including founder events and local adaptation, and life cycle features such as high population growth rates and the presence of propagule banks, have been proposed to be responsible for this paradox. Here, we have modeled the colonization process in these organisms to assess the impact of migration rate, growth rate, population size, local adaptation and life-cycle features on their population genetic structure. Our simulation results show that the strongest effect on population structure is caused by persistent founder effects, resulting from the interaction of a few population founders, high population growth rates, large population sizes and the presence of diapausing egg banks. In contrast, the role of local adaptation, genetic hitchhiking and migration is limited to small populations in these organisms. Our results indicate that local adaptation could have different impact on genetic structure in different groups of zooplankters.
Intimate partner violence and severe maternal morbidity among pregnant and postpartum women in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Puccia Maria Inês Rosselli , Mamede Marli Villela , Souza Luiz De
Published: July 2018

Este artigo investigou a associação entre violência por parceiro íntimo (IPV) durante a gravidez atual e morbidade materna grave entre gestantes e puérperas atendidas em maternidades públicas na Grande São Paulo, Brasil. Um total de 109 mulheres que desenvolveram Morbidade materna grave foi selecionado de acordo com os critérios adotados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Outras 337 mulheres que não apresentaram nenhuma intercorrência clínica, laboratorial ou de manejo durante a gestação atual e puerpério, foram selecionadas para o grupo controle. As participantes foram submetidas à investigação retrospectiva de IPV utilizando-se um instrumento adaptado do WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women, aplicado entre Novembro 2010 e Junho 2011. A relação entre a variável resposta (Morbidade materna grave) e a variável exposição (IPV) ajustadas para as demais variáveis independentes, foram avaliadas através de proporções, teste chi-quadrado, teste exato de Fischer e regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência de 12.6% (IC:9,5–15,7) para violência psicológica, 7.6% (IC:5,1–10,1) para violência física e 1.6% (IC:0,4–2,8) para violência sexual foi observada durante a gravidez atual em ambos os grupos de casos e controles. Embora não tenha sido identificada significância estatística entre exposição a IPV durante a gravidez atual e ocorrência de Morbidade materna grave (p>0,264), foram verificados fatores associados com condições sociodemográficas e reprodutivas desfavoráveis entre as mulheres expostas a IPV e entre aquelas que desenvolveram Morbidade materna grave.  O monitoramento sistemático da Morbidade materna grave e o rastreamento rotineiro para IPV entre gestantes são importantes medidas para reduzir a morbimortalidade materna e para qualificar os serviços de atenção à saúde reprodutiva.
Body, culture and meaning
Authors: Dourado Claudia De Souza , Fustinoni Suzete Maria , Schirmer Janine , Brandão-Souza Camila
Published: July 2018

Introdução: O ser humano perpassa a história na procura da plenitude e da perfeição do corpo. Mudam-se os atores, muda-se o cenário, o contexto sociocultural, os gostos e interpretações, o significado, e permanece-se a busca pelo corpo ideal.Objetivo: Propõe-se uma abordagem de caráter crítico-reflexiva sobre o padrão do corpo ao longo da trajetória histórica, assim como sua representatividade cultural e o significado a ele atribuído.Método: Trata-se de uma dissertação crítico-reflexiva construída com base em literatura existente. Utilizou-se os bancos de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS, Scientific Eletronic Library – SciELO e Bireme; bem como o Google Acadêmico e literaturas cinzentas. A elaboração do manuscrito seguiu as normas da revisão de literatura, e aproximou-se da abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: Há de se considerar a relação que a mídia estabelece com o corpo, impulsionando uma busca incansável por um reflexo padronizado no espelho, encarado como beleza; A cultura do poder de compra sobre o corpo feminino, da discriminação, da violência, da indiferença. Revela-se uma discussão sobre aspectos fundamentais e importantes para se compreender o corpo na totalidade, não apenas como uma estrutura orgânica, mas como algo complexo e subjetivo que sofre constantes influências do ambiente ao qual é exposto, da época e da sociedade na qual está inserido.Conclusão: Conclui-se que o corpo sempre esteve em uma posição de destaque nas civilizações dentre os inúmeros períodos históricos vividos, independente de qual momento, sempre houve um estereótipo corporal a ser seguido, cultuado e adorado, e a busca por essa conquista continua nos dias atuais.
Will artificial intelligence be a blessing or concern in assistive robots for play?
Authors: Adams Kim , Encarnação Pedro , Rios-Rincón Adriana M. , Cook Al M.
Published: July 2018

Os avanços recentes e popularidade da Inteligência Artificial (IA) oferecem possibilidades animadoras para melhorar a tecnologia, mas, também, trazem preocupação. Neste artigo, usamos nossa pesquisa para apresentar os benefícios potenciais do uso da IA em tecnologia assistiva para crianças com deficiências brincarem e examinar possíveis preocupações éticas em torno dos dados exigidos pelos algoritmos de IA. Uma vez que o brincar é um fator chave no bem-estar infantil e no desenvolvimento cognitivo, as incapacidades secundárias podem surgir como consequência de deficiências motoras. Robôs assistivos para manipulação aumentativa podem ser fundamentais para proporcionar às crianças com deficiência física oportunidades de brincar, mas precisamos adotar uma abordagem baseada em princípios e centrada no usuário para inovações técnicas.
Cryo-EM structure of the polycystin 2-l1 ion channel
Authors: Hulse Raymond E , Li Zongli , Huang Rick K , Zhang Jin , Clapham David E
Published: July 2018

We report the near atomic resolution (3.3 Å) of the human polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1 (polycystin 2-l1) ion channel. Encoded by PKD2L1, polycystin 2-l1 is a calcium and monovalent cation-permeant ion channel in primary cilia and plasma membranes. The related primary cilium-specific polycystin-2 protein, encoded by PKD2, shares a high degree of sequence similarity, yet has distinct permeability characteristics. Here we show that these differences are reflected in the architecture of polycystin 2-l1.