bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Benefits of MPP tracking PV system using perturb and observe technique with boost converter
Authors: Mohammed Russul H. , Abdulrazzaq Ali Abdulwahhab , Al-Azzawi Waleed Khalid
Published: October 2022

In recent decades, researchers have become interested in the photovoltaic (PV) system as one of the renewable energies. There are nonlinear I-V and P-V features in the PV generators. The greatest power generated varies with temperature and irradiation. To increase PV power, it is necessary to watch MPP carefully. In order to avoid some of shortcomings of conventional perturb & observe (P&O) MPP tracking approach and increase the transient responsiveness and decrease oscillations of steady-state terminal voltage, this study introduces a modified (P&O) MPPT algorithm employing fuzzy logic-based variable step size. An indoor simulated PV source built from a typical solar panel, DC power supplying, a DC-DC converter, in addition to P&O-based MPPT controlling unit was used to create and test the suggested MPPT algorithm. To demonstrate the P&O strategy's performance benefits under both constant and fluctuating irradiations and temperatures, their simulation under unsteady state circumstances is already performed with MATLAB/Simulink. Results of the simulations demonstrate that the photovoltaic simulation system can precisely monitor the highest power point. According to the simulation findings, efficiency is attained at 95% under typical test settings and at 96% when the weather is unpredictable and there are changes in temperature and irradiance.
Various PSO methods investigation in renewable and nonrenewable sources
Authors: Periasamy Madhumathi , Kaliannan Thenmalar , Selvaraj Shobana , Manickam Veerasundaram , Joseph Sheela Androse , Albert Johny Renoald
Published: October 2022

Optimization structures are mostly considered for resolving multi-objective difficulties similar to cost, emission, and financial load dispatch in various energy sources. Non-renewable energy sources (NRES) emit harmful gases like CO2, and methane. which results in air pollutants, so various techniques are used in survey papers. By considering optimization techniques, the multi-objective problems are reduced in renewable energy sources (RES) and NRES. Implementing these techniques in RES and NRES will define the proper objective function. Hybrid algorithms are used for solving multi-objective problems like cost, pollutant emission, price penalty factor, valve point, ramp rates, and constraints like generator, power flow, power balance, and heat balance. A fuzzy system is used in numerous surveys for controlling purpose, superiority, and efficiency over other controllers. Subsequently summarized three types of sources like RES, RES-NRES, and NRES for easy identification of techniques and problems. This study reviews various techniques and mathematical modeling of algorithms for future research.
Speed control of electrical submersible pumps using fuzzy logic control
Authors: El-koliel Saleh M. , Eleissawi Hussien , Nada Adel S.
Published: October 2022

Electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are multistage centrifugal pumps driven by specially designed three-phase induction motors. They are used in many applications such as nuclear and petroleum industries. In the presented paper, we study the speed control of an ESP pump using a rule-based fuzzy logic controller (FLC). As a case study, an oil well is considered to analyze the effects of changing the speed of an ESP pump on both the ESP pump and motor parameters. The proposed speed control model of ESP pumps provides the ability to optimize wells production and power consumption, as well as soft starting of ESP motors. This is done by using a variable speed drive (VSD), which changes the frequency of the voltage supplied to the ESP motor. The utilized VSD model consists of a two-level voltage source inverter (VSI), space vector pulse width modulator (SVPWM) and a rule-based fuzzy logic speed controller. Also, in this study a dynamic hydraulic model of an oil well is implemented. In this study, a mathematical model of the ESP motor and ESP pump is developed. The obtained simulation results show that the combination of the FLC speed Controller and SVPWM provides a faster and more effective method of controlling the speed of electrical submersible pumps than the conventional PID speed controllers. The MATLAB/ SIMULINK software is used to achieve simulative validation of the complete system.
Power oscillation damping control using PI-neuron network controller for distributed generator grid connection with MVDC
Authors: Somsai Kittaya , Sripanya Nakarin , Sumpavakup Chaiyut
Published: October 2022

Distributed generator (DG) connection to the system with the DC grid called medium voltage direct current (MVDC) grid connection has received attention and gradually integrated into the distribution grid. The linear controller, such as the PI controller, usually uses the MVDC grid control for power oscillation damping. The PI controller is limited and does not show satisfactory results when the load and parameters of the system itself are changed. This paper proposes the PI with neuron network (NN) as a feed-forward controller (PINNF) to improve the control of the DG grid connection with the MVDC. The proposed PINNF controller is applied to control the power oscillation damping. Since the NN can estimate the proper feed-forward control signals in each situation to the control system, the proposed PINNF controller performs better than the conventional PI controller. The effectiveness of the proposed PINNF controller is validated using nonlinear dynamic simulations on the MATLAB/Simulink program. Four case tests are presented and discussed in this paper. Results indicate the improvement of power oscillation damping stability and performance in the MVDC grid connection with the proposed PINNF controller.
Intelligent torque observer combined with backstepping sliding-mode control for two-mass systems
Authors: Ha Vo Thanh , Giang Pham Thi
Published: October 2022

The construction of a backstepping-sliding mode control using a high-gain observer's neural network for torque estimation is presented in this research. The correctness of the load torque data is crucial to solving the two-mass system control issue. The article suggests a radial basis function neural network topology to handle load torque estimation. When a non-rigid drive shaft is present, the predicted value is merged with backstepping-sliding mode control to ensure speed tracking performance. The closed-stability loop is demonstrated analytically and quantitatively to prove it. Additionally, a high-gain observer-based structure is used to compare the effectiveness of the proposed control. The effectiveness of the proposed control structure is demonstrated by MATLAB simulation.
TransHuman Saunter:Multispecies Storytelling in Precarious Times
Authors: Gonsalves Kavita , Aia-Fa’aleava Agapetos , Thanh Ha Lan , Junpiban Naputsamohn , Narain Natasha , Foth Marcus , Caldwell Glenda Amayo
Published: October 2022

TransHuman Saunter is a geolocative artwork that documents the entanglements of four women artists of color with the multispecies ecosystem of the Indian banyan tree in Brisbane City Botanic Gardens, Australia. The work positions itself during a time when the impacts of capitalism and colonialism are evident in the planetary crisis of climate change and species loss in addition to a pandemic that exacerbates ethno-racial and gender inequity. This artists’ article covers the rationale of the work and its methodology and describes the individual artworks. It serves as an act of pluralistic storytelling of unheard voices situated in place.
The Politics of Visual Indeterminacy in Abstract AI Art
Authors: Zeilinger Martin
Published: October 2022

In Perception Engines and Synthetic Abstractions, two generative AI art projects begun in 2018, Tom White experiments with visual abstraction to explore the indeterminacy of perception, interpretation, and agency. White’s AI systems produce images that will be interpreted as abstract artworks by human viewers, but which also confront human audiences with the realization that what is here deliberately rendered indeterminable for them will remain near-perfectly legible for AI-powered image recognition systems. This difference in perceptual and interpretive agency foregrounds an underlying politics of visual indeterminacy. White’s projects thus increase awareness of how machine vision—for example in automated online filtering systems—can diminish the horizon of what human audiences can or cannot see in an AI-driven digital cultural landscape, and how, in the process, underlying biases are normalized and human viewers become habituated to the dramatic shrinking of perceivable/viewable online image content mediated by AI.
Experimental Environments and the Aesthetic Experience of Metabolic Processes
Authors: Foerster Desiree , Campbell Iain
Published: October 2022

This article explores the aesthetic experience of metabolic processes in two projects: the newly designed Jade Eco Park in Taiwan, by architect Philippe Rahm, and the virtual reality environment Give and Take, developed by Desiree Foerster, Michaela Büsse, Sarah Hermanutz, and Andreas Rau. The authors argue that a heightened sensitivity to atmospheric and metabolic processes enabled by these projects brings to the foreground a different mode of aesthetic perception, toward how we experience and not only what we feel. They propose further that an aesthetics of metabolism allows us to become more sensitive to our own bodily involvement with the world and other sentient beings with whom humans share the world.
I am _your_Pyrate Dancer: Choreographic Computabilities Dancing inside the Interstices of a Visceral World
Authors: Mauro-Flude Nancy , Pollitt Jo
Published: October 2022

The article proposes that the interstitial as an analytical category advances transdisciplinary developments in contemporary choreographic practice. The techniques and conventions of passing, marking, and parsing are described as concomitant agencies that act as notational scores connected to the informatic procedure of writing as dancing. A case study is provided as an example of how gesture, executable code, computational poetics, script, and syntax can endure beyond the performance event as choreographic score and artifact. The novel application of plain text computing, with all its constraints, not ordinarily connected to terpsichorean practices, paradoxically exhibits a nascent realm in which dance-making futures may endure.
StellarScape: An Immersive Multimedia Performance Inspired by the Life of a Star
Authors: He Yuanyuan (Kay) , Impey Chris , Burleson Winslow
Published: October 2022

StellarScape is an immersive multimedia performance synthesizing music, science, visual art, and technology. The performance includes live musicians, sensors, electronic music, and dance, all collaborating through interactive cinematography The result combines kinesthetic and acoustic sensing with astrophysical simulations of star formation in real time. This convergence research collaboration is catalyzed by the union of concepts at the confluence of astronomy, humanity artistic expression through music and dance, and sociotechnical experience. This article summarizes the authors’ motivation for undertaking the project, the interdisciplinary collaboration required to execute it, the authors’ goals for the audience experience, early results of the first performances, and ways the piece can be delivered in the future for entertainment, outreach, and education.
Plantae Agrestis:Distributed, Self-Organizing Cybernetic Plants in a Botanical Conservatory
Authors: Sareen Harpreet , Kakehi Yasuaki
Published: October 2022

Conventional digital logic embodied in silicon-based materials has long neglected the capabilities of natural systems. This work seeks to embody a new hybrid form, analogizing chemical signaling to electrical signaling and vice versa. Through an installation at a botanical garden, technological functions in this setting are relegated to plant controls. Several plants are interfaced individually through their own internal signals with robotic extensions and self-organize in a botanical conservatory. The authors observe emergent behavior to consider implications to bioelectronics models, materials, and processes.
Life, Matter, Poetry: Blurred Lines and Bilayered Representations of Materials Science
Authors: Stobie Caitlin E. , Beales Paul A.
Published: October 2022

This article charts the authors’ collaboration resulting from their partnership in the Leeds Creative Labs: Bragg Edition. The authors describe their motivations for working together and the conversations that developed as they discussed artificial life, synthetic matter, and shared terms from the humanities and sciences. They discuss how, after the project was delayed in 2020, they adapted to digital collaboration and secured funding for further outputs, mapping new possibilities for public engagement with materials sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the authors consider the layering of biophysical research images with experimental poems that aim to convey complex yet complementary concepts from philosophy without distorting the underlying scientific data.
Diffractive Rendezvous
Authors: Trudel Gisèle , Czegledy Nina
Published: October 2022

This article is an open-ended discussion of five events from the LASER series hosted at Hexagram in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, between 2014 and 2021. LASERs at Hexagram interweave the research-creations of its members in dialogue with local and international guests. Emerging from the audio-to-text transcriptions of previous documentation of these LASERs, the word “movement” becomes a novel lens of analysis for this text, according to a “diffractive” approach. Thoughts and actions afforded by this word produce a surprisingly gentle yet compelling interdisciplinary weave, to inspire future editions.
Mythical Mushrooms: Hybrid Perspectives on Transcendental Matters
Authors: Yan Xiaojing
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on the authors artistic practice. She has cultivated a series of evocative sculptural works out of lingzhi fungus by designing a controlled, human environment that, over time, gives way to an organic process. This hybrid bio-art experiment relies as much on science as it does on fate. Lingzhi holds cultural significance in Chinese culture and is called “the mushroom of immortality.” Yan’s works juxtapose Chinese mythology with contemporary culture to highlight environmental and social issues; her investigations with lingzhi mushrooms delve into the meaning of spirituality and metamorphosis and explore questions about being and becoming, art and nature, art and science, nature and existence.
Occupational Performance Coaching for Adults with Heart Failure: Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: Ahmadizadeh Zahra , Shanbehzadeh Sanaz , Kessler Dorothy , Taghavi Sepideh , Khaleghparast Shiva , Akbarfahimi Malahat
Published: October 2022

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) usually experience functional disabilities and face participation challenges. Self-care behavior is an essential component of long-term management of HF. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of occupational performance coaching (OPC) on self-care behaviors and participation in people with HF. Method: This study is a parallel group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial of 44 adults with HF, to evaluate the efficacy of OPC. Patients will be randomly allocated (1:1) into two groups. Both groups will receive usual self-care education and the intervention group will receive eight weekly sessions of OPC as well. We will measure the primary and secondary outcomes at baseline, 8, and 12 weeks after the intervention initiation. Implications: If OPC is superior to usual self-care education on improving self-care behavior and participation, the finding will support the integration of OPC into practice to improve participation and self-care behaviors of HF patients.
Proteome Analysis of Temporomandibular Joint with Disc Displacement
Authors: Liu X. , Yang Y. , Chen L. , Tian S. , Abdelrehem A. , Feng J. , Fu G. , Chen W. , Ding C. , Luo Y. , Zou D. , Yang C.
Published: October 2022

Disc displacement without reduction is a common disorder of the temporomandibular joint, causing clinical symptoms and sometimes condylar degeneration. In some cases, bone regeneration is detected following disc-repositioning procedures. Until now, however, systems-wide knowledge of the protein levels for condylar outcome with disc position is still lacking. Here, we performed comprehensive expression profiling of synovial fluid from 109 patients with disc displacement without reduction using high-resolution data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry and characterized differences in 1,714 proteins. Based on magnetic resonance imaging, samples were divided into groups with versus without condylar absorption and subgroups with versus without new bone. For the proteomic analysis, 32 proteins in groups presented with statistical significance (>2-fold, P < 0.05). Pathways such as response to inorganic substances, blood coagulation, and estrogen signaling were significantly expressed in the group with bone absorption as compared with pathways such as regulation of body fluid levels, vesicle-mediated transport, and focal adhesion, which were enriched in the group without bone absorption. In subgroup analysis, 45 proteins of significant importance (>2-fold, P < 0.05) were associated with pathways including would healing, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and amino acid metabolism. Combined with clinical examination, molecules such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta (ACACB) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) were related to features such as visual analog scale and maximum interincisal opening ( P < 0.05). In addition, 7 proteins were examined by Western blotting, including progesterone immunomodulatory binding factor 1 (PIBF1), histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), and protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in neurons 2 (PACSIN2). In conclusion, this study provides the first proteome analysis of condylar absorption at disc displacement without reduction and postoperative new bone formation after disc reposition. Integrated with clinical data, this analysis provides an important insight into the proteomics of condylar modification at disc position.
Oral Pathobionts Promote MS-like Symptoms in Mice
Authors: Zhou L.-J. , Lin W.-Z. , Liu T. , Chen B.-Y. , Meng X.-Q. , Li Y.-L. , Du L.-J. , Liu Y. , Qian Y.-C. , Zhu Y.-Q. , Duan S.-Z.
Published: October 2022

Dysbiotic oral microbiota has been associated with multiple sclerosis. However, the role and mechanism of oral microbiota in the development of multiple sclerosis are still elusive. Here, we demonstrated that ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) aggravated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice, and this was likely dependent on the expansion of T helper 17 (Th17) cells. LIP increased the splenic richness of Enterobacter sp., which was able to induce the expansion of splenic Th17 cells and aggravate EAE in mice. LIP also led to enrichment of Erysipelotrichaceae sp. in the gut and increased Th17 cells in the large intestinal lamina propria of EAE mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation from EAE mice with LIP also promoted EAE symptoms. In conclusion, periodontitis exacerbates EAE, likely through ectopic colonization of oral pathobionts and expansion of Th17 cells.
Associated Factors of Worrying About Loneliness Before Death
Authors: Rezapour Mahdi , Dehzangi Arash , Clarke Castanien Orla
Published: October 2022

Human beings’ welfare is closely related to their social relationships, and lack of that relationship could result in social isolation and loneliness. Various types of loneliness have been discussed in the literature, but a sense of loneliness before death has received no attention. Thus, this study is conducted to better understand the mechanism and nature of that type of loneliness. The response of this study was “Do you worry that you may be alone when you are dying?”. After highlighting the most important features, to examine the true associations between various factors and a sense of loneliness, the pairwise interactions across various variables were considered. It was found, for instance, while attending religious service, having higher subjective life condition, and being older are negatively associated with the response, belief that success depends on God and higher income are positively associated with that feeling. Also, while married people are less worried about loneliness before death, this interacts with a myriad of factors. Similarly, positive associations were found across responses and a higher concern that those close with us won’t be with us, or those who we care about might not remember us after death.
Understanding the crisis of New Municipalism in Spain: The struggle for urban regime power in A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela
Authors: Bua Adrian , Davies Jonathan S
Published: October 2022

New municipalism in Spain arose from a major political wave, now in a period of crisis and electoral retreat. This paper applies a regime-theoretic framework to analyse new municipalist governance in two smaller city cases: A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela. It argues that whilst new municipalist electoral victories inaugurated a crisis for established regimes, the crucial weakness was that they did not consolidate new urban regimes. Municipalists faced severe governability challenges linked to the enduring power of older urban regimes. The paper suggests that this is explained by problems in establishing regime incumbency, the consolidation of the necessary governing capacity by a resource coalition to deliver its agenda and succeed politically. Although established regimes were weakened enough to lose elections, they maintained considerable capacity to constrain the municipalist project and shape urban governance, a significant degree of incumbency. This ultimately enabled them to recover office in 2019. We argue that a critical regime-theoretical perspective assists in understanding the wider crisis of Spanish municipalism and the multi-scalar struggle for hegemony as it plays out in the local state arena.
Agassi’s Treatment of Mental Illness: The Perspectives of Critical Rationalism and Institutional Individualism
Authors: Laor Nathaniel
Published: October 2022

Joseph Agassi, together with Yehuda Fried, presented the paradoxes of paranoia and proposed to explain and solve them by introducing innovative diagnostic criteria for psychosis as reflecting a specific kind of rationality. Their ethical-clinical framework however, discouraged discussion of placing impositions on the mentally ill, even when in danger. According to these very criteria, Agassi’s institutional individualism framework renders paranoiacs defective in autonomy. Introducing the idea of degrees of autonomy as a guiding principle for research and practice will promote responsible commitment to the mentally ill and to all other persons in society.
Validity and Reliability of Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory and Caregiver Self-Efficacy in Contributing to Self-Care Scale
Authors: Matarese Maria , Pendoni Roberta , Ausili Davide , Vellone Ercole , De Maria Maddalena
Published: October 2022

The study tested the construct validity and reliability of the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Inventory and the Caregiver Self-Efficacy in Contributing to Self-Care of COPD Scale. The two instruments were developed by modifying the Self-Care of COPD Inventory and Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale in COPD into caregiver versions. The psychometric properties were tested in a convenience sample of 261 informal caregivers of COPD patients recruited in Italy in two cross-sectional studies. Structural validity was tested by confirmatory factor analysis, construct validity by posing several hypotheses, and internal consistency through factor score determinacy and global reliability index for multidimensional scales. In confirmatory factor analysis, the caregiver contribution to self-care maintenance, monitoring and management scales, composing the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of COPD Inventory, presented good fit indices. Global reliability indices ranged 0.75–0.88. The caregiver self-efficacy scale presented a comparative fit index of 0.96 and a global reliability index of 0.82. The caregiver contribution to self-care and the caregiver self-efficacy scales correlated moderately among themselves and with the patient versions of the scales, and scores were higher with caregiver-oriented dyadic care types and female caregivers. Our study provides evidence of the two instruments’ construct validity and internal consistency.
A therapist-supported internet-based intervention for bereaved siblings: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wagner Birgit , Hofmann Laura , Maaß Ulrike
Published: October 2022

Background:

The loss of a sibling can have a long-term impact on the mental and physical health of the surviving sibling throughout adolescence and later adulthood. Even though bereaved siblings can be identified as a high-risk group, evidence-based interventions for this bereavement group are still missing.

Aim:

To evaluate the treatment effects of an internet-based writing intervention for bereaved siblings aged 16–65 years.

Design:

A two-armed randomized controlled trial (DRKS00011514) compared the intervention to a waiting list control group. The 6-week intervention consisted of six structured writing assignments that were based on cognitive behavioral therapy, focusing on the specific situation of bereaved siblings.

Setting/participants:

Eighty-six bereaved siblings (loss >1 month ago, no severe psychiatric symptoms) were randomly allocated to the intervention group ( n = 47) or the waiting list control group ( n = 39). Primary outcomes were symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and depression; secondary outcomes were posttraumatic stress symptoms and survivor guilt.

Results:

Symptoms of depression and prolonged grief disorder improved significantly in the intention-to-treat analyses from pre-to post-measurement compared with the control group ( gDepression = −0.62, gGrief = 0.33). In the intervention group, all primary and secondary outcomes decreased significantly from baseline to 12-month follow-up ( gs = −0.38 to −1.04). A significant clinical change could be found for depression (34%) compared to the waitlist control group (10%).

Conclusions:

Bereaved siblings profited from this brief internet-based writing intervention in the short- and long-term. However, future research, such as dismantling studies, may help to further optimize the benefits of an intervention aimed at bereaved siblings.
Association between tissue human neutrophil peptide 1–3 levels and cardiovascular phenotype: a prospective, longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Abu Fanne Rami , Arbel Yaron , Chorin Ehud , Maraga Emad , Groisman Gabriel M , Higazi Abd Alroof , Banai Shmuel
Published: October 2022

Objective

Inflammation is associated with atherogenesis. Although a higher neutrophil count is associated with the plaque burden, the role of neutrophil activation is unclear. Human neutrophil peptides 1–3 (HNP1–3) are a risk factor for atherogenesis in bench models and are elevated in human atheromas. This study aimed to examine the association between skin HNP1–3 deposition and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), including long-term outcomes.

Methods

HNP1–3 levels were immunohistochemically quantified in skin biopsies, which were prospectively taken from 599 consecutive patients before clinically indicated coronary angiography. Established cardiovascular risk factors and blood markers for atheroinflammation were obtained. CAD severity and the incidence of repeat revascularization and mortality at 48 months of follow-up were assessed in relation to HNP1–3 levels.

Results

The risk of CAD was independently associated with age and HNP1–3 in the entire cohort (F = 0.71 and F = 7.4, respectively). Additionally, HNP1–3 levels were significantly associated with myocardial necrosis (R = 0.26). At the follow-up, high HNP1–3 levels negatively affected mortality (19.54%) and recurrent revascularization (8.05%).

Conclusion

HNP1–3 tissue deposition is positively associated with the severity of CAD, myonecrosis, and long-term sequelae. HNP1–3 levels may be suppressed using colchicine.
The audit market for listed Australian companies from 2012 to 2018: A state of play
Authors: Carson Elizabeth , Fu Yi (Dale) , Thürheimer Ulrike , Xu Yang
Published: October 2022

Motivated by recent regulatory scrutiny of auditing in Australia, we provide an overview of the audit market for Australian listed companies from 2012 to 2018. Using descriptive analyses, we explore audit market competition, the provision of non-audit services (NAS), and audit firm tenure. We find that the Australian audit market is highly segmented. Big 4 firms increasingly dominate the larger client segment, while Non-Big 4 firms focus on medium and smaller clients. Auditor-provided NAS fees represent a relatively small fraction of audit fees for smaller clients, but a relatively high fraction for larger clients. We further observe that the share of total revenue from NAS of Big 4 firms increases over time. Finally, a relatively small percentage of clients has long audit firm tenure, and that long tenure is more common in the larger client segments. We discuss the implications of these findings and research opportunities that emerge.

JEL Classification: D40, L11, M42, L84
Co-Evolutionary Location-Routing Model of Medical Isolation Areas for Major Public Health Emergencies Considering the Uncertainty of Future Traffic Environment
Authors: Wu Jiabin , He Jingshi , Lin Yifeng , Bie Yiming
Published: October 2022

With the continuous development of the COVID-19 pandemic, the selection of locations for medical isolation areas has not always been optimal for the timely transportation of infected people, or those suspected of being infected. This has resulted in failure to control the rate of spread of infection cases in time. To address this problem, this paper proposes a co-evolutionary location-routing optimization (CELRO) model of medical isolation areas for use in major public health emergencies to develop a rapid location-routing scheme for epidemic isolation, including the selection of locations of medical isolation facilities per area and the optimal route per vehicle to each infected person. Specifically, this paper solves the following two sub-problems: (i) calculate the shortest transportation times and corresponding routes from any medical isolation area to any person infected or suspected of being infected, and (ii) calculate the location scheme for distribution of isolation areas. Different from previous studies, the vehicle operating characteristics and the interference of uncertainty of the traffic environment are considered in the proposed model. To find an appropriate scheme for location of medical isolation areas with the shortest travel times, a co-evolutionary clustering algorithm (CECA), which is a combination of some separated evolutionary programming operations, is proposed to solve the model. Various network sizes and uncertainty combinations are used to design some comparative tests, which aim to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. In the experiment section, CELRO reduced travel time by at least 14% compared with other methods. This finding can provide an effective theoretical basis for optimizing the spatial layout of medical isolation areas or the location planning of new medical facilities.
The Crusading Furnivals: Family Tradition, Political Expediency and Social Pressure in Crusade Motivation
Authors: Doherty James
Published: October 2022

By the mid-thirteenth century, many aristocratic families across Europe could lay claim to crusading ancestors, and scholarship has revealed the importance of family tradition in maintaining the momentum of the crusading movement. This study focuses on one family – the Furnivals – who produced five crusaders over three generations. It argues that, even though family tradition likely played a part in motivating some crusading Furnivals, in-depth scrutiny of three generations demonstrates that social and political concerns are at least as convincing in explaining the crusade motivation of each family member.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Informal Caregivers of People With Parkinson’s Disease Residing in the UK: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Rippon Daniel , Hand Annette , Dismore Lorelle , Caiazza Roberta
Published: October 2022

Informal caregivers can experience various demands when providing care and support for People with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) in their own homes. The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 and public health strategies employed to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 have presented challenges to the general populace on a global basis. The present study used a qualitative research design to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted informal caregivers in their role of providing care for PwP in their own homes. A series of 1:1 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 informal caregivers of PwP ( M age = 72.64 years, SD = 8.94 years). A thematic analysis indicated that 1) vulnerabilities to COVID-19, 2) home maintenance & activities of daily living and 3) engagement with healthcare services were 3 themes that provided indications on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted informal caregivers of PwP. The present study provides illustrations of how being an informal caregiver of PwP and being identified as high risk to COVID-19 can present challenges to the process of caring for loved ones who are also vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. The results of the present study highlights the necessity to develop strategies to ensure that informal caregivers have the necessary resources to provide care for PwP in their homes and also maintain their own well-being in the post COVID-19 era.
Multi-sensor optimal placement of rotor-bearing system based on fault diagnosability
Authors: Cheng Yuqiang , Liu Yuwei , Yang Shuming , Wu Jianjun
Published: October 2022

In view of the current situation that there are few studies on whether the fault signals that may occur in the rotor bearing system can be identified and analyzed in the sensor arrangement, fault diagnosability is applied to the optimal arrangement of the sensors in the rotor bearing system. The preliminary layout of the multi-sensor is carried out by analyzing the transmission path of the vibration signals in the rotor bearing system and based on the minimum path. Secondly, the nonparametric kernel density estimation method calculates the state information’s probability density function. The K-L divergence value is further used to measure fault detectability, fault separability, and fault diagnosability. Then, the correlation function method is used to fuse the multi-sensor information, and the optimal sensor layout is given with the fault diagnosability as an index. Finally, the validity of the method is proved by the experimental laboratory data and the correlation coefficient.
Ethics Risk Management in Social Work: A Primer
Authors: Reamer Frederic G.
Published: October 2022

Contemporary social workers typically receive in-depth education on the subject of professional ethics. Common topics include social work values, challenging ethical dilemmas, and ethical decision-making. Much less common is comprehensive education on ethics-related risk management. Ethics risk management in social work includes steps practitioners can take to help protect clients and prevent lawsuits, licensing board complaints, and criminal charges associated with ethical decisions and misconduct. This article introduces the concept of risk management; provides an overview of key risk areas in social work; and presents practical protocols and strategies to protect clients and social workers.
Nivolumab/Relatlimab: A Novel Addition to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Phillips Allison L. , Reeves David J.
Published: October 2022

Objective:

The aim of this article is to assess available data regarding use of nivolumab/relatlimab for adult and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with unresectable or metastatic melanoma.

Data Sources:

A search of PubMed conducted from August 2019 to August 2022 with the search terms Opdualag, nivolumab AND relatlimab, and BMS-986016 resulted in 14 publications.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Relevant clinical trials written in English language were analyzed.

Data Synthesis:

Nivolumab/relatlimab was approved by the Food and Drug Administration following results of a phase 1/2 trial and phase 2/3 RELATIVITY-047 trial. Nivolumab/relatlimab demonstrated a median progression free survival (PFS) of 10.1 months in the first-line setting without new safety signals. The PFS benefits appear greatest in those with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) <1% and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) ≥1%. Adverse effects commonly experienced were immune related in nature and require early identification and prompt management. Grade 3 or 4 adverse effects occurred in 18.9% of patients.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

For patients 12 years of age and older with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, nivolumab/relatlimab offers a new first-line treatment option. Evaluation of PD-L1 expression along with concomitant use of medications with potential interactions should be evaluated when deciding if nivolumab/relatlimab is the most appropriate treatment option.

Conclusions:

Nivolumab/relatlimab adds an additional first-line treatment option demonstrating promising improved PFS for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma, particularly those with PD-L1 <1% and/or LAG 3 ≥1%. Additional uses of nivolumab/relatlimab may be on the horizon as further clinical trials are ongoing.
Measuring Perceived Agent Appropriateness in a Live-Flight Human-Autonomy Teaming Scenario
Authors: Lyons Joseph , Highland Patrick , Bos Nathan , Lyons David , Skinner Anna , Schnell Thomas , Hefron Ryan
Published: October 2022

United States Air Force Test Pilot School students ( N = 6) participated in a study involving an agent-directed human pilot (“Blue agent”) in dogfighting scenarios against an adversary (“Red agent”). The adversary used three levels of difficulty as follows: low, medium, and high. An agent appropriateness scale was developed to gauge how appropriate the Blue agent’s behaviors were during each dogfight. Results demonstrated that agent appropriateness varied by Red agent difficulty. These results suggest that agent appropriateness is an essential element in human-autonomy teaming research. Practitioners should seek to develop agent appropriateness measures suitable for the particular context and technology in question.
High- versus low-structured cooperative learning in secondary physical education: Impact on prosocial behaviours at different ages
Authors: García-González Luis , Santed Mónica , Escolano-Pérez Elena , Fernández-Río Javier
Published: October 2022

Despite the research exploring the benefits of using cooperative learning in secondary physical education, several research gaps still remain, namely, limited research on its effects on prosocial behaviours, the impact on adolescents as they grow up, and the lack of assessment of differently structured cooperative learning frameworks. The goal of this study was to compare high- versus low-structured cooperative learning frameworks and assess their impact on adolescents’ prosocial behaviours at different ages. The study followed a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design. Two hundred and eighty-six students (150 girls) participated and were distributed into four groups: Control 1 (year-8 students), Control 2 (year-10 students), Experimental 1 (year-9 students) and Experimental 2 (year-11 students). All groups experienced the same Acrosport unit, but the control groups were within a low-structured cooperative learning context and the experimental groups were within a high-structured cooperative learning framework. Cooperative learning and prosocial behaviours were measured before and after the intervention. Results showed that students who experienced a high-structured framework at a younger age significantly increased their scores on the five variables that mediate the effectiveness of cooperative learning, and their prosocial behaviours. The older the adolescents, the fewer the changes in cooperative learning, and with no changes in prosocial behaviours. Students who experienced a low-structured framework did not improve their cooperative learning and decreased their empathy, social relations, and leadership at younger ages. In conclusion, cooperative learning must be properly structured to produce a positive impact using heterogeneous working groups, teachers’ feedback and shared regulation. However, older adolescents need specifically designed cooperative learning contexts with longer learning units.
Analysis of performance and time lag of turbocharger turbines fed with gasoline and diesel burnt gases and air under pulsating flow conditions
Authors: Ketata Ahmed , Driss Zied
Published: October 2022

The turbine, an enabling component of turbochargers, is a seat of highly complex unsteady flow as well as varying gas compositions between diesel and gasoline engines. Thus, it is necessary to take into account different physical models when simulating such turbines. Researchers have often considered the turbine working gas as air, which may not lead to an accurate prediction of actual turbine characteristics. In the present work, the effect of the working gas on the performance of turbocharger turbines as well as on the turbo lag was investigated through a set of numerical simulations for six wastegate opening degrees from 0% up to 100% and under a wide range of the flow pulse frequency ranging from 33.33 up to 166.66 Hz. Four working fluids were involved in this study which are the gasoline burnt gas, diesel burnt gas, air with like gasoline engine waves, and air with like diesel engine waves. The performance of the turbine and its responsiveness quantified as the time lag with burnt gases from both diesel and gasoline engines were compared to those with air. Results showed totally deviated unsteady performance characteristics compared to the turbine working with air. Results also confirmed that considering the working fluid as air may not lead to a fair representation of the actual turbine performance characteristics. The findings of this work put emphasis on the importance of the gas composition when modeling such turbines by engineers especially during the design process where a good turbocharger-engine match has to be met.
A numerical study on the installation configuration design of steep wave riser (SWR) in deep water
Authors: Jia Jichuan , Gu Jijun , Chen Leilei , Gao Lei , Wang Shujiang
Published: October 2022

A new calculation procedure is presented for the structural analysis of a steep wave riser (SWR) system. The equilibrium equation of the SWR is established based on Minimum total potential energy principle. The coupled equations are discretized by the finite difference method and then solved by Newton-Raphson technique. The accuracy of the numerical model is verified by Orcaflex software. Traditional parametric analysis of buoyancy factor, buoyancy section’s length, buoyancy section’s location and ocean current velocity are performed. An idea of engineering evaluation of the SWR’s working condition from the perspective of hang-off angle, tension, and bending radius is proposed. Through comparison, it is found that the hang-off angle is the main parameter affecting the installation safety of the SWR. And the allowable working water depth and installation span are determined. In addition, the optimization idea of the SWR’s configuration based on S-shape coefficient and hang-off angle is put forward, and the optimal configuration of a specific SWR is analyzed.
Autoantigen spermatid nuclear transition protein 1 enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine production stimulated by anti-DNA autoantibodies in macrophages
Authors: Uprety Laxmi Prasad , Park Yong Hwan , Jang Young-Ju
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is associated with high fatality rate in patients. The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis is complex and has not been fully elucidated. Kidney inflammation, renal cell damage, and accumulation of immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane often occur in patients with lupus nephritis. Spermatid nuclear transition protein 1 (TNP1) might be a potentially interesting autoantigen in exploring the pathogenesis and therapy of lupus nephritis.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the effect of TNP1 and its complexes with anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies on the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-α (IFN-α) in vitro.

Methods

We studied the effect of the synthetic peptide of the autoantigen on the pathogenic characteristics of the G2-6 and G5-8 antibodies in mouse macrophages, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and flow cytometry.

Results

The antibodies exhibited cross-reactivity to spermatid TNP1 in direct-binding and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results of quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting revealed that the antibodies alone enhanced the levels of IL-6 and IFN-α transcripts and proteins, respectively. Flow cytometry revealed that treatment with the autoantigen enhanced the cell-penetrating activities of G2-6 and G5-8 and remarkably increased the cytokine levels.

Conclusion

TNP1 enhanced the cell-penetrating activities of anti-dsDNA auto-Abs, G2-6 and G5-8, and remarkably increased the levels of IL-6 and IFN-α in macrophages, suggesting that TNP1 and cell-penetrating pathogenic anti-dsDNA auto-Abs is potential targets for future therapeutic approaches to treat LN/SLE.
Whole-Chest Three-Dimensional Modeling Aids Hybrid Pulmonary Valve Replacement Following Double Switch Operation
Authors: Carmon Philip , Fleming Gregory A , Barker Piers C A , Sturgeon Gregory M , Turek Joseph W , Chamberlain Reid C
Published: October 2022

The double switch operation for congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CC-TGA) has been associated with high rates of reintervention, including the need for pulmonary valve replacement. Hybrid interventional approaches can avoid bypass when complex anatomy complicates traditional catheter-based approaches. We present a case of successful transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement via hybrid per-ventricular approach with pre-procedural planning aided by 3D segmentation of skeletal and cardiac anatomy in a patient with surgically corrected CC-GTA.