bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Lipid-Lowering Medication in People Living with HIV
Authors: Cuomo Gianluca , Raimondi Alessandro , Rivasi Marianna , Guaraldi Giovanni , Borghi Vanni , Mussini Cristina
Published: May 2021

Objective:

Adherence to lipid-lowering drugs could be challenging in our patients as it is in the general population, which is described as low as 25%. Our aim was to evaluate adherence to statins and to investigate clinical event impact on it.

Methods:

This retrospective study on HIV+ patients attending to Clinic of Modena (Italy) was conducted in order to evaluate characteristics, clinical events, and adherence on lipid-lowering drugs. All drugs for comorbidities are distributed by the hospital pharmacy and recorded in an electronical database. Adherence was also evaluated in patients who were supplied with antilipemics in external pharmacies through phone calls. Patients were considered adherent if the percentage of correct time of drug refill was >80%.

Findings:

Totally 1123 patients were evaluated. Lipid-lowering drugs (statins, fenofibrate, and omega-3 oil) were prescribed in 242 patients (21.5%). Prescription occurred mainly in those who were older, males, and Italians. Two hundred of them (82.6%) used statins alone, 23 (9.5%) only fenofibrate or omega-3 oil, and 19 (7.8%) a combination of both drugs. The median adherence was 90% while patients with adherence >80% resulted 153 (63.2%). Forty-six (19%) had a clinical history of cardiovascular events; 59% of them, placed in secondary prophylaxis, and 76%, already in treatment, continued to adhere. No differences in terms of adherence according to the type of drug distribution (hospital pharmacy or outside pharmacies) were found.

Conclusion:

Linking the supply of these drugs to that of antiretrovirals led to a good level of adherence higher than that described in the general population. The majority of the patients who experienced a cardiovascular event remain adherent to the prescribed therapy.
Cultura y movilización social contra la violencia sexual a través de Twitter: el caso del fallo judicial "#LaManada" en España
Authors: Bernárdez Rodal Asunción , López Priego Nuria , Padilla Castillo Graciela
Published: May 2021

Introducción. Este artículo analiza la difusión de tuits críticos de uno de los fallos judiciales más controvertidos y ampliamente publicitados en la historia española, que determinó que un grupo de hombres era culpable de abuso en lugar del delito de violación más grave, en 2018. Metodología. El estudio utilizó un método mixto de enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, con un corpus para el análisis de 73.904 tuits. Resultados. Del número total de tuits obtenidos, 49.886 (67,5%) fueron retuits, mientras que el otro 32,5% fueron mensajes originales con o sin menciones de otros usuarios y respuestas a otros tuits. Conclusiones. Las conclusiones que se extraen son que Twitter ha llegado a ser reconocida como la red social para expresar indignación política y que las protestas sociales en la red están asociadas con procesos de militancia y movimiento feminista. El anonimato en estas plataformas tiende a ser visto como una oportunidad para expresar libremente ideas y opiniones que, de otro modo, serían imposibles de difundir.
Fundamentals of Automobile Body Structure Design
Authors: Malen Donald E
Published: May 2021

This book provides readers with a solid understanding of the principles of automobile body structural design, illustrating the effect of changing design parameters on the behavior of automobile body structural elements. Emphasizing simple models of the behavior of body structural systems rather than complex mathematical models, the book looks at the best way to shape a structural element to achieve a desired function, why structures behave in certain ways, and how to improve performance. This second edition of Fundamentals of Automobile Body Structure Design contains many new sections including: the treatment of crashworthiness conditions of static roof crush and the small overlap rigid barrier torsion stiffness requirements material selection illustrations of body architecture Each chapter now includes a clear flow down of requirements following the systems engineering methodology. Illustrations have been updated and expanded and a fresh modern format has been adapted enhancing the readability of the book.
The Effect of Individualized Online Instruction on TPACK Skills and Achievement in Piano Lessons
Authors: Kaleli Yavuz Selim
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the effect of online teaching and individualized instruction in piano lessons of the department of music teaching on students’ TPACK skills and achievements. The research was conducted on the basis of a pretest-posttest control group design. In the experimental group of the study, piano education was carried out with online learning and face-to-face individualized instruction, and in the control group, activities were carried out using the current distance learning method. Teaching activities lasted 20 lesson hours in the experimental and control groups. Piano Lesson Achievement Test and TPACK scale were used as data collection tools in the study. The Mann Whitney U test was used on the achievement and TPACK skills of the groups on the pretest and posttest scores. The findings of the research showed that the online learning and individualized instruction applied in the experimental group were more effective in the piano lesson achievement and some dimensions of the TPACK scale than the current curriculum. The Effect of Individualized Online Instruction on TPACK Skills and Achievement in Piano Lessons
Examining of the Smartphone Cyberloafing in the Class: Relationship with the Attitude towards Learning and Prevention of Cyberloafing
Authors: Alanoğlu Müslim , Karabatak Songül
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the present study is to determine the relationship between students' smartphone cyberloafing and their attitudes towards learning and also to reveal their opinions about what teachers can do to prevent smartphone cyberloafing. Within the scope of the study, data was collected from 676 students at the education faculty at Firat University in Elazığ. In the study, a mixed research pattern was used. The correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between smartphone cyberloafing and attitudes towards learning. Descriptive analysis and content analysis were used to analyze of views of participants. As a result of the study, it was seen that the smartphone cyberloafing in the class does not have any significant relationship with the nature of learning, but it has negative relations with openness to learning and expectations about learning and positive relations with concerns about learning. It was observed that while attitude towards learning has no significant relationship with browsing-related cyberloafing and interactive cyberloafing, there is a significant and negative relationship between attitude towards learning and entertainment cyberloafing. Also, the benefit or harm of learning usage smartphones varies according to the purpose of usage, and the entertainment cyberloafing in the courses is more harmful than other types of cyberloafing.
Dryophthorinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi: inventory and type specimens
Authors: Valente Roberta De Melo , Guimarães José Raimundo Rocha
Published: May 2021

This paper reports the results of the curation of specimens of Dryophthorinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) housed in the Entomological Collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. The Collection holds a total of 1,071 specimens, with 90% of them previously unidentified. We reviewed all specimens and identified them to species level, resulting in 16 genera and 32 species of Dryophthorinae. These include the type specimens of three species: Cyrtomasius marluciae Vanin, 1998; Foveolus maculatus O’Brien, 2003; and Paramasius cristulatus Vanin, 1998. The genus Rhodobaenus Le Conte, 1876 was recorded for the first time to Brazilian Amazon. All specimen data were digitized and are now publicly available. Currently, 50% of the richness of the Dryophthorinae recorded from Brazilian Amazon is present in the Collection. The occurrence and the species richness of the Dryophthorinae examined are shown on a map. All labels contents and remarks to type material are presented. High resolution photographs of the primary types are also provided. The material examined represents a temporal and spatial record of Amazonian Dryophthorinae.
Diet of three sympatric Physalaemus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Brazilian semiarid region
Authors: De Oliveira Cicero Ricardo , Cavalcante Leonides Azevedo , Machado Heitor Tavares de Sousa , Ávila Robson Waldemar , Morais Drausio Honorio
Published: May 2021

Studies on the use of food resources and trophic niche of different species can help understand ecological relationships. In this study, we evaluated the diet of three sympatric species of Physalaemus from the Brazilian semiarid. We analyzed a total of 264 individuals, being 100 specimens of Physalaemus albifrons, 93 of P. cicada, and 71 of P. cuvieri. Seven prey categories were recorded: three for P. cicada and P. albifrons, and six distinct categories for P. cuvieri. The orders Coleoptera, Isoptera and the family Formicidae were the most representative categories in the diet of P. cicada, P. cuvieri, and P. albifrons, respectively. Although there is a high trophic niche overlap, differences in preference for food categories may reduce potential competition in these frog species from the Caatinga.
Notas sobre a nidificação da galinha-d’água, Gallinula galeata (Lichtenstein, 1818) (Gruiformes, Rallidae)
Authors: Navega-Gonçalves Maria Eliana Carvalho
Published: May 2021

A galinha-d’água, Gallinula galeata, é uma ave de área úmida, comumente encontrada em quase todo o Brasil. Entre março e abril de 2019, observei e descrevi dois ninhos construídos pela espécie no Parque da Rua do Porto, em Piracicaba, estado de São Paulo. O primeiro ninho foi construído sobre a água, próximo à vegetação da margem do lago e parcialmente ocultado por ela, enquanto o segundo, construído sobre um banco de areia no lago, se encontrava exposto. Ambos eram constituídos de materiais semelhantes, com predomínio de ramos vegetais de espessuras variadas, além de cascas de árvore, gramíneas, musgos, raízes, folhas e frutos. Material plástico foi encontrado nos dois ninhos. Selecionei 60 imagens de ninhos da espécie disponíveis no site WikiAves – uma plataforma online brasileira para compartilhamento de registros ornitológicos – para comparação com aqueles que observei. As análises mostraram variedade de materiais utilizados na elaboração dos ninhos, bem como diferentes locais de nidificação, tanto em ambiente aquático como terrestre, sugerindo plasticidade fenotípica. O manejo adequado do parque, visando à conservação dos sítios de nidificação e à manutenção dos recursos, é essencial para a sobrevivência desta e de outras aves em ambientes antropizados.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan terhadap Kondisi Financial Distress pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Kimia yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2017
Authors: Wafi Amirah Hibatul , Rahman Arief , Inayah Nur Lailiyatul
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah rasio keuangan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kondisi financial distress pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2014-2017. Untuk menentukan sampel dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik non probability sampling, yaitu sampling purposive dengan menetapkan beberapa kriteria yang harus dipenuhi untuk digunakan sebagai sampel. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS Versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya ada dua rasio keuangan yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress, yaitu rasio working capital to total assets dan earning before interest and taxes to total assets. Sementara ke empat rasio lainnya tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap financial distress.
Pengaruh Laba Akuntansi, Arus Kas Operasi dan Dividend Yield terhadap Return Saham (Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Kholilik Laelatul Nur , Rosyafah Siti , Lestari Tri
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tiga komponen laba akuntansi, arus kas dari operasi, dan dividend yield yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia  (BEI)  selama  2015  hingga  2017.  Penelitian  ini menggunakan  96  sampel perusahaan  manufaktur  yang terdaftar  di  Bursa  Efek  Indonesia  (BEI)  selama  2015 hingga 2017. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel laba bersih, arus kas operasi, dan dividen yield sebagai variabel independen, dan  return saham sebagai variabel dependen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang di uji melalui uji t atau secara parsial oleh uji SPSS disimpulkan bahwa laba akuntansi dan arus kas operasi berpengaruh terhadap return  saham,  sedangkan  dividend  yiled  tidak  berpengaruh  terhadap  return  saham. Untuk hasil uji F disimpulkan bahwa laba akuntansi, arus kas operasi, dividend yiled secara  simultan  berpengaruh  terhadap  return  saham.  Hasil uji  variabel  yang paling dominan yaitu laba akuntansi karena nilai signifikansinya mendekati nol dan menunjukkan nilai beta paling besar.
Manhaj Tafsir Berorientasi Fiqh
Authors: Husain Ahmadi
Published: May 2021

Abstract

This paper presents the results of research on fiqh-oriented manhaj tafsir. This research uses literature review method to portray the methods of interpretation which produce legal consequences in Islamic society. Data collection was carried out by examining primary and secondary sources in support of this study. The results of the study and research found the background for the emergence and development of fiqh interpretation styles and the methods used in fiqh-style interpretation. The fiqh-style interpretation is a fairly old one, considering that this style of interpretation has existed along with the growth of the interpretation itself. Fiqh interpretation is an interpretation that is oriented to the understanding of legal verses in the Koran. This interpretation was born from the understanding of the jurists' fiqhiyah when they interpreted the Koran using the fiqh approach, so that the nuances of fiqh were felt in it.

 

Keyword: Kitab, Manhaj, Tafseer, anda Fiqh

 

Abstrak

Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian tentang manhaj tafsir yang berorientasi fiqh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka untuk memotret metode-metode tafsir yang menghasilkan konsekuensi hukum dalam masyarakat Islam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah sumber primer dan sekunder dalam mendukung kajian tersebut. Hasil telaah dan penelitian menemukan latar belakang muncul dan berkembangnya corak penafsiran fiqih serta metode yang digunakan dalam penafsiran yang bercorak fiqih. Tafsir yang bercorak fiqih adalah tafsir yang terbilang tua, mengingat corak tafsir ini telah ada seiring dengan pertumbuhan tafsir itu sendiri. Tafsir fiqih adalah tafsir yang berorientasi pada pemahaman ayat-ayat hukum dalam Alquran. Tafsir ini lahir dari pemahaman fiqhiyah para fuqaha ketika mereka menafsirkan Alquran dengan menggunakan pendekatan fiqih, sehingga nuansa fiqih sangat terasa di dalamnya.

Kata Kunci: Kitab, Manhaj, Tafsir, dan Fiqh.
An Assessment of Students’ Interest in choosing Technical Programmes among First Cycle Institutions in the Eastern Region of Ghana
Authors: Akorli Solomon King , Gyamfi Timothy Adu
Published: May 2021

Technical and Vocational Education is imperative when considering the human resource development of a country. The challenges facing Technical and Vocational Education in the Eastern Region is the consistent diminution of students opting to pursue Technical and Vocational courses at the Secondary level of education. The study seeks to assess student’s low interest in choosing Technical programme at the Second Cycle Institutions in the Eastern Region of Ghana. The sampling technique used was stratified and simple random sampling. The research was a cross–sectional studies and field questionnaire survey was used to collect information for the study. Data was collected from one thousand, one-hundred and six (1,106) respondents. Data were analyzed using frequency, charts and other relative important Indexes. It was found out that students ‘have low interest in technical courses due to societal stigmatization against the programme. The concept of Vocationalization must be re–visited at the Basic levels of the educational system.

Citation: Akorli, S. K. and Gyamfi, T. A. (2021). An Assessment of Students’ Interest in choosing Technical Programmes among First Cycle Institutions in the Eastern Region of Ghana. International Journal of Technology and Management.

Research. Vol. 6, Issue 1: 1－13.Received: April 15, 2020Accepted: March 30, 2021
Variantes clínicas infrecuentes del liquen plano: pigmentoso invertido, anular y penfigoide
Authors: Gagliardi Marina , Busso Corina , Anaya Javier
Published: May 2021

El liquen plano es una enfermedad inflamatoria benigna con hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos característicos. Además de la forma clásica, presenta variantes clínicas de baja prevalencia, cuyo conocimiento e identificación son de gran importancia para arribar a un correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento. Describimos los casos de 3 pacientes con presentaciones clínicas atípicas de liquen plano pigmentoso invertido, anular y penfigoide, y realizamos una revisión bibliográfica.
Enfoque SIAL como estrategia para la producción y comercialización del café especial tostado en el norte del Perú
Authors: DILAS-JIMÉNEZ JOSUÉ OTONIEL , CERNAQUÉ MIRANDA OFELIA CAROL
Published: May 2021

En los últimos años la caficultura en el norte peruano ha tenido un gran auge y desarrollo, puntualmente en las provincias cafetaleras de Jaén y San Ignacio, en Cajamarca. Este eje cafetalero alberga al menos 36 organizaciones exportadores de café y un número superior a este de organizaciones emergentes. Asimismo, este eje ha logrado ubicarse en las primeras posiciones en los concursos de cafés especiales de alta calidad en los últimos 5 años, además de contar con la integración de importantes actores en la parte productiva, comercial, investigación y financiamiento. Así, uno de los productos de la agroindustria interna que se analiza es el café especial tostado, que podría consolidarse como un producto potencial a promover, mediante una estrategia de activación sectorial y del territorio bajo el enfoque de Sistemas Agroalimentarios Localizados (SIAL). Esta estrategia ayudaría a que esta región cafetalera se consolide como productora y exportadora de cafés especiales, no solamente del café como materia prima (café oro) sino como producto procesado, para mercados nicho o gourmet, retribuyendo en la calidad de vida de los pequeños productores cafetaleros, y contribuyendo a la seguridad alimentaria y al logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Poverty Alleviation in the Aspect of Government Collaboration with NGOs
Authors: Thun Phen Huang , Manh Tran Duy
Published: May 2021

This report addresses the government's and non-governmental organizations' roles in resolving poverty issues. Several of the government's positions in poverty alleviation are classified according to fiscal, health, academic, technical, and social factors. Collaboration between non-governmental organizations and the government will result in community welfare. This is shown by the many empowerment initiatives undertaken by the private sector and government to solve the issue of poverty. For example, growing children's education by requiring them to attend school and increasing women's empowerment by promoting different aspects of education and empowerment, such as free schooling and others. Apart from the economic field, the government and non-governmental organizations offer training to allow citizens to be more innovative in their raw material production. Additionally, in the health field, it is important for NGOs to protect the community's health in order for them to live by delivering free medical care and so on.
LA CONTROVERTIDA FIGURA DE LOS SISTEMAS GENERALES. DE NUEVO SOBRE LA CUESTIONABLE EQUIVALENCIA CON LOS BIENES DE DOMINIO PÚBLICO
Authors: BERMEJO VERA JOSÉ
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se defiende la idea de que los sistemas generales, como
cualificados instrumentos de la ordenación urbana, y territorial, no son per se bienes de dominio
público. Pueden serlo, y lo son mayoritariamente, cuando se realiza la concreción y
efectividad de su destino y éste coincide con las previas y expresas declaraciones legales
de demanialidad de las instalaciones o equipamientos a que pueden ser destinados los sistemas
generales. Pero también esos sistemas pueden ser, y de hecho lo son en gran medida,
de titularidad privada, sin perder un ápice de su genuina finalidad u objetivo. De modo
que, al igual que la calificación de los bienes como dominio público conecta con el objeto,
bien o servicio o equipamiento de destino y no a la inversa, los sistemas generales son
«unidades de destino» para los terrenos urbanos, urbanizables o no urbanizables, que exijan
instalaciones para el común beneficio público y vertebración de la ciudad.

Lan honek defendatzen du sistema orokorrak, hiri ¿eta lurralde¿ antolamenduko
tresnak direnez, ez direla jabari publikoko ondasun per se. Izan daitezke, eta
gehienak badira, haien helburua eta helburuaren eraginkortasuna zehaztean, sistema orokorretara
bidera daitezkeen instalazioen edo ekipamenduen jabari publikoko lege-adierazpenekin,
aurretik eta berariaz egindakoekin, bat badatoz. Baina sistema horiek titulartasun
pribatukoak ere izan daitezke, eta hala dira hein handi batean, horregatik beren helburua
edo xedea ezertan aldatu gabe. Ondasun bat jabari publikoko kalifikatzea helburuko objektuarekin,
ondasunarekin, zerbitzuarekin edo ekipamenduarekin konektatzen den bezala, eta
ez alderantziz, sistema orokorrak onura publikorako eta hiria egituratzeko instalazioak behar
dituzten hiri-lur, lur urbanizagarri edo lur urbanizaezinentzako «helburuko unitateak» dira.

In this paper, the idea that the «General Systems», as qualified
instruments of urban planning and territorial, are not, per se, public property, is defended.
They can be, and mostly they are, public property when produced the specificity and
effectiveness of its destination and this coincides with previous and express statutory
declarations in public ownership. But these «Systems» can be, and indeed are largely,
privately owned, without losing its genuine purpose or objective.
So, like the qualification of property as public connects with the object, equipment or
service, and no the other, the «General Systems» are units target» for urban, developable
or nor developable land, requiring facilities for the common public and the backbone of the
city benefit.
Een link tussen oedemen en eosinofilie: eosinofiele fasciitis
Authors: RAYMENANTS K. , VAN OVERBEKE L.
Published: May 2021

A link between oedema and eosinophils: eosinophilic fasciitis

A 65-year-old man presented with progressive swelling in his 4 limbs. The skin on his limbs was oedematous and indurated, with an orange peel skin and blistering in some places, as well as a groove sign over the tibia.

Lab results showed a remarkable eosinophilia of 23% (reference ≤ 6%). A deep skin biopsy revealed fascial infiltration and fibrin deposition, consistent with eosinophilic fasciitis (EF).

EF is a rare cause of fasciitis, eosinophilia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Because of its rarity, diagnostic delay is usually significant.

Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy, but because of an incomplete response and the need for long-term treatment, corticosteroid sparing agents are often associated.
ANÁLISE DO SISTEMA DE SEGURANÇA CONTRA INCÊNDIO: ESTUDO DE CASO EM SÃO JOSÉ DE PIRANHAS – PB
Authors: Melo Neto Osires de Medeiros , Souza Machado Borges Anne Kelly de , Lacerda Pereira Erismá
Published: May 2021

Escolas são habitações coletivas com carácter construtivo e operacional próprio para a prestação de serviços às crianças e adolescentes. A Escola Estadual Prefeito Joaquim Lacerda Leite oferece serviço educacional a uma população estudantil de 146 alunos do ensino médio em tempo integral com a presença de 32 colaboradores educacionais. A maioria desses alunos, crianças e adolescentes, são vulneráveis a situações de emergência, sendo necessário o suporte de adultos para orientá-los. Neste contexto de abrangência, visto sua relevância para a comunidade local, e a importância de salvaguardar vidas, esta pesquisa buscou, sob a ótica da proteção e prevenção contra incêndio, conhecer e analisar as conjunturas que possam gerar riscos ou danos às pessoas e ao patrimônio da Escola Estadual Prefeito Joaquim Lacerda Leite, propondo intervenções, quando necessário. Desta forma, foram analisados os sistemas de prevenção e combate a incêndio indicados como obrigatórios, e avaliados segundo os parâmetros recomendados pela legislação vigente. Os resultados apontam a escola como ineficiente no que concerne à Prevenção e Proteção Contra Incêndios, tornando assim o cenário em uma situação de emergência, um risco à própria integridade física dos seus ocupantes.
Tools for Staging and Managing Emerald Ash Borer in the Urban Forest
Authors: Sadof Clifford , Hughes Gabriel , Witte Adam , Peterson Donnie , Ginzel Matthew
Published: May 2021

Advances in control can help municipal foresters save ash trees from emerald ash borer (EAB) [Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire)] in urban forests. Although ash trees of any size can be protected from this pest, cities often do not implement programs because they fail to recognize and act on incipient populations of EAB. In this study, researchers develop a model for predicting ash mortality over an eight-year period, and validated with data from the removal of >14,000 ash trees killed by EAB in Fort Wayne, Indiana, U.S. researchers then developed a sampling scheme to help foresters map their ash trees along the expected progression of ash decline. This model was then used to modify a web-based EAB cost calculator that compares discounted annual and cumulative costs of implementing a variety of management strategies. It was determined that strategies that most heavily relied on saving ash trees were less expensive and produced a larger forest than those strategies that mostly removed and replaced ash trees. Ratios of total discounted costs to discounted cumulative benefits of strategies that saved most ash trees were over twothirds lower than strategies of proactive tree removal and replacement. Delaying implementation of an ash management program until damage would be visible and more obvious to the community (Year 5 of the model) decreased the cost–benefit ratio by <5%. Thus, delays that rely on the abundance of locally damaged trees to bolster community support do not necessarily diminish the utility of implementing a control strategy.
Does Modulus of Elasticity Vary Due to Dormancy and Temperature?
Authors: Dahle Gregory , Carpenter Aaron , DeVallance David , Zhou Mo
Published: May 2021

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states with high confidence that extreme climactic events pose high risks on services such as electric service grids. Some of the extreme events will likely take place earlier in autumn, before deciduous trees complete the process of becoming dormant. The presence of leaves in a transitional season—before leaf drop (pre-dormant)—can be of concern if an unseasonal snow or ice storm occurs, as compared to after leaf drop (dormant).

Researchers harvested stump sprouts and measured the flexural modulus of elasticity (E) of wood to determine if it varies with seasonality (pre-dormant versus dormant) and with temperature (frozen −6.7°C versus warm 21.1°C) using a universal load press. While dormant sprouts (warm and cold) had higher average flexural elasticity than the warm pre-dormant sprouts, they were not statistically different than the cold pre-dormant sprouts. As such, it does not appear that the modulus of elasticity differs as trees enter dormancy. Surely, the presence of leaves will increase the bending moment that may lead to an increase in failure, but the slight increase in elasticity as trees enter dormancy should not reduce the likelihood of watersprouts undergoing significant bending during a snow or ice storm.
Grassroots Citizen Science in Urban Spontaneous Vegetation
Authors: Seamans Georgia Silvera
Published: May 2021

This paper documents the research processes and outcomes of four collegial citizen-science projects about urban spontaneous vegetation. The artist- and designer-initiated collegial projects in this study use a variety of art, design, and natural history strategies to collect and analyze data, as well as to visualize and disseminate their findings. In addition to physical outcomes, the project leaders use legitimating narratives and discourses about urban ecosystem services to counter negative claims about urban spontaneous vegetation, which are often pejoratively labeled ‘weeds.’ A challenge and opportunity for projects focused on altering the normative bias against so-called “weeds” is mainstreaming a new nature ethic for this type of urban flora.
The Influence of Abiotic Factors on Street Tree Condition and Mortality in a Commercial-Retail Streetscape
Authors: Ordóñez Camilo , Sabetski Vadim , Millward Andrew , Steenberg James , Grant Amber , Urban James
Published: May 2021

It is challenging to successfully grow trees in highly-urbanized areas, such as downtown commercial-retail districts. As part of a streetscape revitalization project, initiated in 2010, 133 London planetrees (Platanus × acerifolia) were planted in structural soil cells along the downtown, commercial district of Bloor Street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. After most trees experienced severe decline, with many dying, all trees were removed and replaced in 2015. This research reports on an investigation of multiple abiotic factors that may have contributed to the decline and mortality of the Bloor Street trees. Researchers collected cross-sectional data on soil texture, soil compaction, soil chemistry, built-environment characteristics (e.g., proximity to road intersections, pit or bed planter), sunlight availability, and historic data on tree condition and mortality, and analyzed them with multivariate statistical techniques (e.g., correlation, MANOVA, contingent, and ANOVA tests) to investigate the potential for relationships to tree mortality (mortality rate of 46.6% before removal) and tree condition. Results indicate that trees that were alive and demonstrated better structural and foliar condition before removal in 2015 had significantly lower levels of soil salinity and alkalinity, sunlight exposure, and signs of physical damage, suggesting co-occurring and cumulative impact of these variables on tree performance. Modification to streetscape design can ameliorate tree decline in the long term, while education targeted at raising awareness about de-icing salt application and irrigation practices will lessen tree stressors immediately.
Container Type Affects Root Development of Chanticleer® Pear (Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’) During Landscape Establishment
Authors: Stoven O’Connor Alison , Klett James , Koski Anthony
Published: May 2021

While there are many advantages to producing woody plants in the industry-standard black plastic (BP) container, circling and girdling roots on plants grown in them may reduce transplant success, predispose plants to stress, shorten life span in the landscape, and increase the potential for the development of hazard trees. Plants grown in fabric containers may have fewer circling and girdling roots, possibly eliminating transplant problems sometimes seen with plants grown in BP containers. This study evaluated post-transplant root and shoot growth of Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’ (Chanticleer®) produced using three container types: black plastic, Root Pouch® (RP) and Smart Pot® (SP). Researchers found no container effects on aboveground growth one, two, and three years following transplant into the landscape. All trees doubled their root dry weight annually over the three-year study. No container effects were found for any measured root parameters one year after planting. However, two and three years following planting, trees grown in RP and SP containers showed greater total root growth beyond the original root ball than BP-grown trees. Three years after planting, 72% of all root growth of trees grown in BP containers was within the original root ball, while more than one-third of all roots of RP- and SP-grown trees were found outside of the original root ball. Researchers believe that fabric containers should be considered as alternatives to BP containers because they may enhance root growth of transplanted trees and reduce the formation of future circling and girdling roots.
A Case Study of Street Tree Soil Aeration in Two Different Soil Types
Authors: Kämäräinen Antti , Riikonen Anu , Simojoki Asko , Lindén Leena
Published: May 2021

This study compared the soil air composition in structural and conventional tree soils used for roadside plantings in the City of Helsinki, Finland. Soil air samples, collected from three depths during the growing seasons of 2012 and 2013, were analyzed for oxygen concentrations. The effect of soil cover on the soil–atmosphere gas flux was evaluated using relative gas diffusion coefficients as estimated from in situ measurements of CO2 fluxes and CO2 concentrations in soil air. The average O2 concentrations were higher in structural than in conventional soil air in both years. No obvious depth profile for the O2 concentration was detected. Structural soil aeration appears more favorable for root growth than aeration in conventional tree soil. However, soil aeration was also sufficient for healthy tree growth in the conventional soil. Cobblestone paving did not severely impair ground ventilation as compared with a cast-iron grate.
Resident Knowledge and Support for Private Tree By-Laws in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Conway Tenley , Lue Adrian
Published: May 2021

Urban municipalities across North America are developing policies to protect and manage not only public trees but also the numerous trees located on private property. One approach is the creation of private tree by-laws or ordinances that regulate tree removal on all private property through a permitting process. These regulations can successfully protect the private urban forest, particularly larger trees, but their success is dependent on landowners’ willingness to comply given the difficulties of enforcement. This study examines residents’ awareness and support for private tree by-laws in three cities in the Greater Toronto Area (Ontario, Canada) through a written survey that targeted neighborhoods with high tree canopy—places most likely to have trees regulated under the private tree by-laws. Basic awareness about by-laws varied across the five study neighborhoods, and support for specific components of the by-law, including size and number of trees regulated, tree replacement requirements, and permit fees was also mixed. While a larger number of survey respondents felt that their city should not regulate trees on private land than had supported the current by-law, this was still not a majority of responses. Participants with more trees on their property or who had planted trees were significantly more supportive of the regulations, while several socio-demographic characteristics were also significantly related to level of support for the by-laws. The management implications of these results are discussed.
ROMA AMONG STUDENTS ENDANGERED AND UNENDANGERED BY SCHOOL FAILURE: CZECH REPUBLIC STUDY
Authors: Zilcher Ladislav , Vomáčková Helena
Published: May 2021

The research was focused on monitoring the differences between primary and lower secondary school pupils in the Czech Republic in terms of their needs “to be successful” or “to avoid failure”. Its aim was to analyse the motivation of pupils divided by teachers into two groups: students endangered and those not endangered by school failure. The research approach was based on the application of the standardized School Performance Motivation Questionnaire. Through its twelve indicators, the differences between the above-mentioned groups of students were analysed with a special respect to the students belonging to the Roma ethnic group. The research used indicators of descriptive statistics (arithmetic mean, mode). The process of comparation of the acquired data confirmed differences in motivation of the group of students endangered by school failure as compared to that of unendangered by school failure. Pupils at risk of school failure showed a lower need to be successful than their classmates from the group at risk. Students at risk of school failure showed a lower need to be successful than their classmates from the other group. Also within these groups were found differences between the motivation of Roma pupils and their classmates. The Roma preferred the need to avoid failure much more strongly. The findings are important for educational practice because the ratio of the two needs identified affects pupils' learning strategies and affects not only the effectiveness of their learning, but also their relationship to cognition and school in general.
Keywords: performance motivation, endangered students, unendangered students, Roma students, non-Roma students, descriptive analysis, school motivation indicators.
DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENT LANGUAGE SKILLS: APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES OF NEURODIDACTICS IN LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE CLASSES
Authors: Cicėnaitė-Milaševičiūtė Akvilė Dominyka , Juškevičienė Agnė
Published: May 2021

Neurodidactics, which is grounded on integration of neurosciences into the educational process, and its contribution to education have been more and more extensively analysed lately. The scholarly literature distinguishes four principles of neurodidactics: linking of new information with the already possessed one; revision; positive emotions; information assimilation employing several senses is important for development of school learners’ linguistic abilities. Taking into account significantly lower learning outcomes of Lithuanian as the state language, which were observed among national minority learners, and responding to the unified primary education curriculum of Lithuanian language for schools with Lithuanian as the language of instruction and for national minority schools, which entered into force in 2016, attempts are made to search for well-targeted and neuroscience-based ways of language education. Therefore, the goal of the research is to theoretically substantiate and empirically investigate the development of primary learners’ linguistic abilities applying neurodidactic principles. The phenomenographic research strategy was used to attain the research goal employing the semi-structured interview with Lithuanian teachers from national minority schools. The empirical data was analysed applying the content analysis.
The obtained results allow stating that during the lessons only two senses (i.e., sight and hearing) are mainly considered aiming at development of linguistic abilities. While revising the material learnt in the classroom, all the linguistic abilities are developed but revising this material at home the focus is laid only on one of the abilities. It was also revealed that speaking the state language evoked negative emotions to national minority learners.
Keywords: development of linguistic abilities, application of neurodidactic principles, primary school learners, schools of national minorities.
WORKING TIME PLANNING OF HEADS OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Dambrauskienė Dalia , Ponelienė Reda
Published: May 2021

Activity areas of the head of the educational institution include school administration and management, purposeful use of human and material resources to ensure the quality of education. The school context influences the heads’ working day and their time distribution; therefore, it is relevant to conduct research to evaluate the contextual factors determining the opportunities and limitations of heads’ working time planning. The aim of the research is to investigate the distribution of working time of pre-school institutions’ heads for performance of different functions and to reveal the opportunities and limitations of working time planning.
The study was conducted in 2018-2019. During the first stage of the study, one head of the pre-school institution from each of three European countries (Lithuania, France, Italy) was surveyed. The results of the survey have shown certain similarities in heads’ activities due to the specificity of the head’s work, starting with the formation of strategic aims, parents’ and social partners’ involvement in the institution’s activities and finishing with the assessment of the quality of the institution’s activity. Given that heads of different countries work in quite different contexts and under different working conditions, it is not appropriate to draw summarising conclusions, but the obtained data can be used in developing the methodology of analogous research.
During the second stage, the topics of planning the working time of the heads of pre-school educational institutions were analysed. The heads of Siauliai pre-school educational institutions, involved in the study, have revealed that they spend most of their time working with the documents of the institution, solving personnel and financial issues. In other words, the activity prevailing in the work of the heads of Lithuanian pre-school institutions is administrative-bureaucratic processes, while the heads themselves are inclined to use part of that time for supervision and improvement of the educational process and for their own professional development. Although one of the head’s functions is proper and timely planning of activities, and thus, of their own working time, in practice obstacles to time planning, related to management of human and material resources and multi-tasking, when several activities differing in content and scope are performed simultaneously, are encountered.
Keywords: working time planning, pre-school educational institution, head of the pre-school educational institution, distributed leadership.
Automatic Gate Control Using IOT
Authors: Patil Mr. Nitin , Shirude Mr. Shubham , Gavali Mr. Pradip
Published: May 2021

This project is to design and develop low cost auto gate system for house, Building, Collages, etc. Automatic gate is one of the most preferable domestic intended to provide easy access to gate home. There are three types of automatic gate mechanism, such as sliding, screw drive piston and swing cubic underground. Designs available today are limited only to the three types mentioned. Products available in the market are quite pricy, even when installation and maintenance cost is not yet been considered. Most of the products available in our country are imported from foreign country. In this final year project work, we attempt to construct a small and simple model of low cost Automatic Gate System, which uses a power motor, circuitry to move the gate. The primary aim of this project is to learn in details about how the automatic gate system works and to understand the concepts involved. The secondary aim is to fabricate a simple model to show how the system works. The main activities involved in this project are the research done on how the automatic gate works.
MONITORAMENTO DA FAUNA DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO FRANCISCO DO SUL/SC
Authors: Conorath Gabriel Daniel , FONSECA VANESSA , MEIRA VANESSA
Published: May 2021

O monitoramento da fauna constitui-se como uma importante ferramenta para gerar subsídios e conhecimento da dinâmica biológica natural das espécies, pois, quanto maior a diversidade de espécie e a equitabilidade entre as espécies, maior será também a biodiversidade. Concebendo a importância de compreender e conhecer a biodiversidade Francisquense, instituiu-se em 2019 o Plano de Monitoramento da Fauna do município de São Francisco do Sul/SC, através da Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente. Buscou-se então identificar as espécies existentes dentro da mata do município, a frequência de ocorrência e divulgação das informações para fins de sensibilizar e relatar a complexidade faunística francisquense, através do setor de educação ambiental, como também apoiar nas informações técnicas ao setor de fiscalização e licenciamento ambiental. O município de São Francisco do Sul está localizado no litoral Norte de Santa Catarina com uma área de 498,64 Km². Segundo o censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) o município apresentou uma população de 48.606 habitantes, com densidade demográfica de 85,27 habitantes por Km² e está inserido dentro do bioma da Mata Atlântica e ecossistemas associados de manguezais e restinga. A mastofauna e avifauna foram monitoradas por meio de captação indireta de imagens, com auxílio de armadilhas fotográficas pelas câmeras Bushnell e técnicas de identificação de vestígios de rastros e pegadas, oportunizando a coleta de dados e significativos indicadores. Os resultados obtidos inicialmente, através dos registros das câmeras Bushnell caracterizaram a identificação de algumas espécies, como por exemplo: Leopardus Guttulus (gato do mato), Tamanduá tetradactyla (Tamanduá - mirim), Dasyproctasp (Cutia), Penelopesp (Jacu), sendo editado, nesta primeira etapa, um vídeo ilustrando a complexidade faunística do município, pois, é urgente que os sujeitos ampliem suas concepções de ética ambiental e que compreendam a essencialidade da preservação do seu ecossistema municipal, concebendo que toda e qualquer forma de vida se faz imprescindível para um meio ambiente saudável e equilibrado para todos.
ANÁLISE ICTIOLÓGICA DOS PESCADORES ARTESANAIS DO LITORAL PARANAENSE
Authors: Sampaio Cristiane Ramon , DE FREITAS FERNANDA RIBEIRO , CAPETE KARINA GONÇALVES , DE FREITAS HELUIZE RIBEIRO , DE SOUZA GLÓRIA RIBEIRO
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A pesca no litoral do Paraná abrange realidades tão diversas quanto à multiplicidade de espaços aquáticos disponíveis para a captura do pescado. A pesca artesanal no Brasil é fonte de emprego e alimento para muitas comunidades locais, contribuindo entre 40% e 60% da produção total de pesca marinha. Grande parte da atividade pesqueira no Paraná pode ser considerada artesanal, e ainda que parte da pesca seja executada através de embarcações com tração mecânica de redes de arrasto a participação de pescadores para o trabalho manual é imprescindível. Além da pesca, muitas comunidades litorâneas do estado se envolvem também em atividades de turismo na estação de verão, que é fonte de renda ao orçamento familiar destes meses. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar as espécies mais abundantes e as menos abundantes na região litorânea assim como as que não tem surgido na região de estudo. Material e métodos: foram feitas entrevistas com 20 pescadores artesanais, conduzidas individualmente para evitar interferência nas respostas. Resultados: Sendo que 50% relataram que dedicam todos os dias da semana para pesca e outros 50% vão ao mar de 3 a 4 dias. As embarcações utilizadas para a pesca na grande maioria são dos próprios pescadores, visto apenas 30% não possuem barco próprio. A maioria dos pescadores tira o sustento da família apenas da pesca, onde 50% dos entrevistados abordaram arrecadar 1 salário mínimo mensal. Em relação ao método de captura, 90% dos pescadores abordaram utilizar a rede de pesca. Ao questionar se já tiveram algum acidente de trabalho apenas 30% responderam que sim. Em relação a pesca acidental, 80% relataram que já capturaram outras espécies principalmente tartarugas e raias. Conclusão: A ictiologia vem investigando como os pescadores interagem com os peixes e com os outros recursos marinhos e versam sobre diferentes temas da ecologia de peixes e da antropologia. Portanto, através desse estudo pode-se verificar situações que os pescadores já capturaram acidentalmente outros animais, tais como raia, tartaruga, botos em suas redes.