bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH VARIASI METODE LATIHAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN JUMPING SMASH DALAM PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI
Authors: Zubaedi Ahmad , Muhafid Ervian Arif
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya meningkatkan kualitas jumping smash dalam permainan bola voli. Penelitian ini diambil dari salah satu club bola voli di Kabupaten Kebumen. Latihan yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan jumping smash antara lain lari sprint, lompat tangga, dan lompat dengan alat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan instrumen berupa tes. Subjek penelitian adalah atlit bola voli putra di salah satu club Kebumen sebanyak 15 atlit. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan tes lompat dengan alat (hurdle). Setiap atlit akan diberikan kesempatan melakukan lompatan sebanyak 5 hurdle per set, dilakukan sebanyak 5 set. Lompatan tidak boleh menjatuhkan hurdle, setiap lompatan yang tidak menjatuhkan hurdle akan diberi skor 4 (empat), dan sebaliknya jika lompatan menjatuhkan hurdle di beri skor 0 (nol). Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif dengan presentase. Hasil pretest vertical jump rata rata 49,3 dan setelah dilakukan pelatihan terjadi peningkatan rata rata 79,7. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukan perubahan nilai rata-rata meningkat sebesar 30,4. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa metode Latihan lompat dengan alat (hurdle) efektif digunakan sebagai bentuk Latihan fisik untuk meningkatkan jumping smash di salah satu club di Kabupaten Kebumen.
Remote sensing as a tool of biological conservation and grassland monitoring in mountain areas of Southeastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Malakhov Dmitry , Dolnya Olga
Published: April 2023

Grassland degradation, as a worldwide phenomenon, has economic and bio-conservation aspects. Degradation of mountain grasslands severely impacts the ecosystem stability in fragile mountain environments and may destroy habitats of many endemic and endangered species. One of the significant triggers of mountain grassland degradation, along with possible consequences of climate change, is massive overgrazing. Overgrazing may seriously influence the ecosystem since it results in plant composition changes, soil erosion, water regime disturbances, etc., up to the disappearance of the entire ecosystem. It is crucial to have a reliable and cost-effective instrument for the ecosystem assessment of remote and hardly accessible mountain areas supported with accurate methods of the vegetation parameters estimation since the vegetation cover is first to react to externally driven disturbances. The current study was conducted in Dzungarian Alatau Mountains, inhabited by the rare and endemic anuran amphibian Ranodon sibiricus, Kessler, 1886. The project of the Conservation International Foundation (CIF/326/21) was aimed at the strategy of this species conservation. The current study emphasises estimating the overgrazing risks for the amphibian population. More than two hundred ground measurements were done within the Upper Koksu Forestry and adjacent areas to provide representative data on the vegetation parameters. We tested a series of spectral indices related to vegetation biophysical parameters. We found DWSI, GrNDVI, IRECI and NDI45 indices to provide the best correlations and reasonable accuracy for remote measurements of above-ground biomass, grasscover and unpalatable grass content. Sentinel-2 data with the red-edge bands, in most cases, provided better performance. Our study confirmed the use of a single criterion (like above-ground biomass) might result in a serious underestimation of grassland degradation. Data obtained from field survey and satellite information analysis allowed the evaluation of the optimal grazing load for the Upper Koksu Forestry and provided recommendations for the Action Plan on the conservation of Ranodon sibiricus.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Fear and Hand Hygiene Practices of Healthcare Professionals in a University Hospital
Authors: KISSAL Aygül , VERGİ İlknur
Published: April 2023

Objective: The research aimed to analyze healthcare professionals’ “levels of COVID-19 fear and hand hygiene practice” and “the correlation between COVID-19 fear and hand hygiene practices” in a university hospital.

Methods: The population of this descriptive and correlational research comprised 150 professionals, that is, 50 doctors and 100 nurses working in various units at a university hospital. The number of healthcare professionals who voluntarily took part in the research was 97. The data were collected through the “Healthcare Professional Introduction Form, COVID-19 Fear Scale, and Hand Hygiene Practices Inventory”.

Results: The female professionals’ mean COVID-19 fear level score and hand hygiene practice level score were higher than those of males (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference among the mean COVID-19 fear scores with reference to the education level (p < 0.05). Of the professionals, 96.9% had at least one problem after hand hygiene. It was determined that there was a very weak, positive, and significant correlation between the level of COVID-19 fear and that of hand hygiene performance (r= 0.224; p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The research reveals that hand hygiene practices and the COVID-19 fear are affected by gender, as well as the fact that frequent handwashing and hand sanitizer use play a role in skin problems.
Obezite ve Bariyatrik Cerrahi Hakkında Verilen Eğitimin Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Bilgi ve Tutumuna Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞEN ATASAYAR Belgin , İŞERİ Özge
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma obezite ve bariyatrik cerrahi hakkında verilen eğitimin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bilgi ve tutumuna etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Yöntem: Bu araştırma ön test- son test tek gruplu yarı deneysel tasarıma uygun olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini ikinci sınıf hemşirelik öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Örneklem seçimine gidilmeyip 89 öğrenci ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.539±2.440, BKİ ortalamaları 23.490±2.318 ve %84.3’ü kadındır. Obeziteyi önlemeye yönelik bilgilerini yeterli bulan öğrencilerin oranı eğitim öncesi %11.2’den eğitim sonrası %40.4’e; obez bireylerin yaşadığı sağlık sorunlarını bildiğini belirten öğrencilerin oranı eğitim öncesi %45.5 iken eğitim sonrası oran %75.3’e yükselmiştir. Araştırma kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin, bariyatrik cerrahinin endikasyonlarını bilme oranları eğitim öncesi %36 iken, eğitim sonrası %71.9, bariyatrik cerrahinin kontraendikasyonlarını bilme oranları eğitim öncesi %24.7 iken, eğitim sonrası %59.5 olmuştur. Bununla birlikte öğrencilerin eğitim öncesi ve sonrası bariyatrik cerrahi geçiren bireyin bakımını yapabileceğini düşünme durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p>0.05).

Sonuç: Öğrencilerin eğitim sonrası kendilerini obezite ve bariyatrik cerrahi konusunda daha bilgili gördükleri ve obez bireylere karşı tutumlarının daha olumlu hale geldiği saptanmıştır.
Dünyada Doğumda Uygulanan Girişimlerde İki Uç Durum: “Çok Az-Çok Geç” ve “Çok Fazla-Çok Erken” Yapılan Uygulamalar
Authors: GÜNGÖR SATILMIŞ İlkay , AKTAŞ Selinay
Published: April 2023

Dünyada doğumda uygulanan müdahalelerde zamanla iki uç durum meydana gelmiştir: “Çok Az-Çok Geç” ve “Çok Fazla-Çok Erken” uygulamalar. Geçmişte doğumda acil müdahalelere ulaşımın yetersiz ve geç olduğu “çok az-çok geç” uygulamaların üzerinde durulup komplikasyonlar önlenmeye çalışılmaktaydı. Günümüzde bu müdahalelerin kanıta dayalı olmayan bir şekilde gereksiz ve aşırı kullanımının olduğu çok fazla ve çok erken uygulamalar dikkat çekmektedir. İki uç uygulamanın kullanımı da maternal ve fetal sağlığı tehlikeye atmakta ve sağlıkta eşitsizliği arttırmaktadır. Bu amaçla derlemede, bu uygulamalara örnek veriler içeren uygulamaları: sezaryen, doğumun indüklenmesi, epizyotomi, oksitosinle doğumu hızlandırma, doğumhaneye erken/geç kabul, elektronik fetal monitorizasyon, amniyotomi, emzirmeye erken başlanması, ten tene temas ve doğumda doğum destekçisi bulunması uygulamalarını dünyadan ve Türkiye’den verilerle tartışılmıştır. Doğumda herkes için kanıta dayalı bakımın uygulanmasını destekleyen standardize edilmiş yaklaşımlara acilen ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Gebelerin Pandemide Prenatal Bakım Hizmetlerine Yönelik Görüş ve Deneyimleri ile COVID-19'dan Korunmak için Aldıkları Önlemler: Nitel Çalışma
Authors: DURMAZ Ayşegül , KÖMÜRCÜ Nuran
Published: April 2023

Amaç: COVID-19 dünya çapında yayılırken, gebelerin aldıkları önlemler ve prenatal bakım hizmetlerinin yürütülmesi konuları dikkat çekmiştir. Bu araştırmada, gebelerin pandemide prenatal bakım hizmetlerine yönelik görüş ve deneyimleri ile COVID-19'dan korunmak için aldıkları önlemlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırmada tanımlayıcı nitel tasarım kullanıldı. Araştırma 21 gebe üzerinde fenomenolojik olarak yapıldı. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. İçerik analizinde, verbatim transkripsiyon kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Araştırmada iki ana tema ve yedi alt tema belirlendi. Gebelerin COVID-19’dan korunmak için alınması gereken temel önlemleri aldıkları, sosyal izolasyon uyguladıkları, prenatal bakım hizmetlerinin kullanımında kısıtlamaya gitmedikleri, doğum yapacakları kurumu değiştirmedikleri, nitelikli prenatal bakım aldıkları ve aldıkları bakımdan memnun kalmadıkları saptandı.

Sonuç: Pandemi devam ederken, sunulan prenatal bakım hizmetinde gebelerin fiziksel sağlığı yanı sıra sosyal ve psikolojik sağlığına da özen gösterilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Juvenil İdiyopatik Artritte Hemşirelik Tanıları ve Bakım Yaklaşımları
Authors: YILDIZ Dilek
Published: April 2023

Juvenil idiyopatik artrit en sık görülen kronik pediatrik hastalıklardandır. Tedavi, immünosüpresan, steroidal olmayan anti-enflamatuvar ilaç ve biyolojik tedavileri içermektedir. Çocukları ve aileleri olumsuz etkileyen, psikososyal, fiziksel ve spiritüel sorunlara yol açan bu hastalığın hemşirelik bakımında semptomların yönetimi ve holistik yaklaşımın önemli bir yeri vardır. Çalışmanın amacı, juvenil idiyopatik artrit tanısı alan çocuklarda uygulanması gereken hemşirelik bakımının Kuzey Amerika Hemşirelik Tanıları Birliği tanıları ile ele alınmasıdır. Bu makalede juvenil idiyopatik artrit tanısı olan çocuklara yönelik, belirlenmiş sekiz hemşirelik tanısı için beklenen hasta sonuçları, planlanan girişimler belirlenmiş ve sonuç olarak juvenil idiyopatik artrite yönelik bütüncül bir hemşirelik bakımı sunulmasını sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLATFORM INSPIRED DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC FOR USE BY SUBCONTRACTORS IN PRIVATE HOUSING PROJECTS
Authors: Chou Jui-Sheng , Chen Yu-Hsuan , Liu Chi-Yun , Chong Wai Oswald
Published: April 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan, many construction sites must limit the number of people on the jobsite or conduct work independently to avoid the spread of COVID-19. The quality of construction may be in doubt with unclear job handover, especially when workers have COVID-19 infection that should be isolated immediately. On top of that, first-level subcontractor self-inspections are crucial parts of construction process management, and neglecting inspection processes can lead to construction errors and poor quality. To improve current quality inspection methods for private projects, a literature analysis was conducted to identify construction quality management issues that are faced in private housing projects. In-depth interviews with small and medium-sized subcontractors of private housing projects were performed to understand the quality management methods that they use in practice. Next, improvement measures for quality management were formulated and a simplified checklist for private project subcontractors, based on the practical feedback obtained, was created. Finally, the AppSheet platform was used to develop an inspection application for construction, and a subcontractor was invited to confirm its feasibility. The paperless design avoids redundant human contact, and the results of this study greatly facilitate construction practice, particularly during the pandemic. The main contribution of this study is its investigation of the procedures that are used by private project subcontractors to inspect their work for quality management; its results can serve as a reference for academics in evaluating construction quality management levels and improving the management of work by subcontractors to promote safety and health.
De l’écorce à l’enveloppe : tissage et mé-tissage des contenants culturels à l’école
Authors: Nguyen-Viet Thuy-Trang Céline
Published: April 2023

Cet article porte sur l’accompagnement des enfants allophones arrivant au sein des écoles primaires après des parcours de migration complexes et parfois traumatogènes. Comment penser un espace contenant pour ces enfants dont les récits rapportés par leur famille décrivent des traversées de territoires, géographiques et psychiques fragilisés et/ou troués ? Comment, en tant que psychologue clinicienne intervenant dans les écoles primaires, pouvons-nous aider les équipes enseignantes à les soutenir dans des modalités d’inclusion efficaces et bienveillantes ? Notre dispositif s’est construit sur l’hypothèse qu’un temps-espace intermédiaire en groupe est nécessaire dans la phase d’appropriation d’un nouvel environnement scolaire par les enfants allophones. Les modalités de fonctionnement du dispositif ont été pensées par l’enseignante et le Réseau d’aide spécialisée pour les élèves en difficulté ( rased ou Réseau). Le « Réseau » est composé d’enseignants spécialisés à dominante relationnelle et à dominante pédagogique, ainsi qu’une psychologue, poste que j’avais occupé dans cet établissement.
Identification of basement membrane-related prognostic signature for predicting prognosis, immune response and potential drug prediction in papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xi Yujia , Song Liying , Wang Shuang , Zhou Haonan , Ren Jieying , Zhang Ran , Fu Feifan , Yang Qian , Duan Guosheng , Wang Jingqi
Published: April 2023

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is a malignant neoplasm of the kidney and is highly interesting due to its increasing incidence. Many studies have shown that the basement membrane (BM) plays an important role in the development of cancer, and structural and functional changes in the BM can be observed in most renal lesions. However, the role of BM in the malignant progression of PRCC and its impact on prognosis has not been fully studied. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the functional and prognostic value of basement membrane-associated genes (BMs) in PRCC patients. We identified differentially expressed BMs between PRCC tumor samples and normal tissue and systematically explored the relevance of BMs to immune infiltration. Moreover, we constructed a risk signature based on these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Lasso regression analysis and demonstrated their independence using Cox regression analysis. Finally, we predicted 9 small molecule drugs with the potential to treat PRCC and compared the differences in sensitivity to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents between high and low-risk groups to better target patients for more precise treatment planning. Taken together, our study suggested that BMs might play a crucial role in the development of PRCC, and these results might provide new insights into the treatment of PRCC.
Female Presence on Boards of Directors and Firm Risk
Authors: Achour Zyed
Published: April 2023

In this chapter, the impact of board gender diversity on overall firm risk was investigated. Drawing on social identity theory, upper echelons theory, and agency theory, a hypothesis of a negative link between gender diversity on the board of directors and firm risk has been put forward. Using a panel data regression on a sample of large Tunisian companies listed on the Tunis Stock Exchange (BVMT) over the period 2016-2020, the author was able to provide empirical evidences supporting the existence of a significant negative impact of the percentage of women on boards of directors on stock return volatility as global firm risk proxy.
The Impact of Big Data on Customer Satisfaction Through Marketing
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Cristina , Álvarez-Foronda Rubén , Rodríguez-Sánchez José-Luis
Published: April 2023

This chapter is based on the conceptualization of the use of big data within marketing strategies to improve customer satisfaction. This analysis is undertaken through a bibliometric study to map the actual state of the field, analyze previous trends and predict future research lines. This topic has experienced continuous growth over the last few years, attracting the attention of scholars and managers and becoming significant enough to allow the formers to publish their research in leading journals. Although the research field is still in the development stage, the potential of blockchain is still to be discovered. In the meantime, business processes will be modified, and consumption paradigms will be changed forever.
The Desings of Propaganda and Marketing and Their Impact on the Digital Revolution of the Current World
Authors: Navalpotro Felipe Rodolfo Debasa , Pastor José Manuel Azcona
Published: April 2023

This work confirms that modern marketing is born by the conditions generated by the economic and industrial model of the United States and Western Europe after World War II. Placing the consumer at the center of the process with freedom of choice, ending the consumption models of industrial societies, and prioritizing exclusivity. It did not develop in Soviet planned economy environments, because they did not generate the necessary conditions. Digital society develops in parallel to this process. It happens thanks to two events: the translation of information into binary language and the digital storage of it.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Small and Medium Family Businesses in Vietnam
Authors: Nhan Do Thi Thanh , Nguyen Suu Duy , Oanh Dao Le Kieu , Trang Le Ngoc Thuy
Published: April 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has influenced the economy over the world. In Vietnam, Covid-19 emerged on January 23, 2020, and has encountered several outbreaks across the country, which has caused negative impacts on the economy. The Covid-19 has influenced all aspects of socio-economic life, creating difficulties for all businesses, especially small and medium family businesses (SMEs family businesses). SMEs account for most of Vietnam's firms and have important roles in the economy. Based on the current situation, the chapter explores the potential impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak on SME family businesses. Moreover, we discussed the strategies of SME family businesses and the government's policies during this period.
Cognitive Biases Affecting Business Transmission Planning in Family Firms
Authors: Ferrari Filippo
Published: April 2023

The business succession is the most critical event in the life of a family business, and represents a challenging scenario for the decisions that must be made. It therefore becomes a strategic objective to avoid factors that can negatively influence the assessment of the situation by the actors involved. This chapter explores the cognitive mechanisms (biases) that influence the decision-making process at the basis of the business transmission. Although already known and empirically supported in many fields of business and management, these cognitive factors have systematically been overlooked by previous family business literature. By exploring how these biases play a role in affecting business succession planning, and by putting emphasis on the human nature of the decision process of the incumbent, this study adds new insights to recent succession literature that highlights the central role of the cognitive processes during family firm succession.
Industry 4.0
Authors: Tiwari Saurabh
Published: April 2023

Companies have recently embraced sustainable supply chain management to lessen the adverse effects of their supply networks on the environment and society. The supply chain literature has developed a circular approach within this paradigm. Industry 4.0 technologies and circular economy have been established to convert end-of-life products into new ones with a variety of applications. The coordinated use of the CE and I4.0 concepts in may boost supply chain efficiency and competitiveness. The circular economy concept has been raised to the top of the corporate agenda due to demands from several stakeholders; as well as environmental and social issues; and corporations now recognizing the need to develop more sustainable operations. The adoption of smarter equipment and the digitalization of processes are essential success elements that increase output, resource efficiency, and waste reduction. The study recommends a thorough analysis of the literature that highlights the most important advancements while examining and organizing the data in the circular SC area made available by CE and I4.0.
Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Green Packaging in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Busrah Izzah Maziyyah Haji , Talib Mohamed Syazwan Ab
Published: April 2023

Past research has underlined various reasons limiting the use of green packagings, such as the lack of environmental awareness, support, cost concerns, and insufficient enforcement from governments. However, extant literature also indicates growing attention to green packaging usage among consumers. This chapter takes on the later direction by attempting to understand the elements influencing consumers' willingness to pay for green packaging. The chapter proposes five hypotheses where product pricing, quality, design, consumer knowledge, and religiosity influence willingness to pay. The study gathers quantitative data from an online survey conducted in Brunei Darussalam. The chapter uses partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. Results indicate that only the pricing factor significantly influences consumers' willingness to pay for green packaging. Findings from this research add to the body of knowledge about factors influencing consumers' willingness to pay for green packaging and perhaps encourage the switch from conventional to green packaging.
Designing Sustainable Supply Chains in India to Create a Circular Economy
Authors: Srivastava Babita , Sowmya Sangaraju
Published: April 2023

The circular economy is a term growing in popularity as more minds turn their direction towards more sustainable methods of production. India is a developing country, and it's the second most populated country in the world. As a result, it is useful to use a sustainable supply chain-based economy. The circular economy is being used as a lens to weigh the short-term returns alongside the longer-term social and environmental value. The circular economy is giving businesses and cities that commit to it a chance to gain a first-mover advantage to attract funds and investments. India will benefit in many ways from sustainable supply chains to achieve a truly circular economy. This book chapter will be discussing India's current situation with the economic system, the benefits of moving into a circular economy, what designs of sustainable supply chains can be utilized in creating a circular economy, and what challenges India may face in the future in both creating a circular economy or not moving in that direction.
Linking Culture, Pedagogy, and Digitalization for Education and Sustainable Development in Tribal Areas
Authors: Nasreen Khalida , Afzal Muhammad Tanveer
Published: April 2023

This chapter discusses the role of education and sustainable development in Pakistan, especially in tribal areas. Forty-six teachers and 28 parents from 15 primary schools were interviewed for this study, and data has also been collected via observational technique. A mixed methods approach employs both qualitative and quantitate techniques. To achieve quality education at any level, especially at primary level, teachers and students should aim at creating the link between culture, pedagogy, and digitalization. Teachers should be competent in the implementation of technology, that is, the use of computers, and have multimedia skills in order to find and adopt pedagogies relevant to class environments. This chapter looks at the current situation Pakistan, and especially in the tribal areas of Pakistan, and suggests recommendations for the incorporation of ESD goals in the single national curriculum, the development of teacher education programs, incentives for teachers and (female) students, and the facilitation of electricity, computer technology, and internet access for all schools.
Updating the US K-12 Information Technology Curriculum
Authors: Slotoroff Cristofer G.
Published: April 2023

This chapter reviews recent research related to students' educational device use, online content consumption, and students' understanding of content providers' algorithmic targeting practices to make the case for a new information literacy content area that encompasses a comprehensive and responsive education initiative focused on maintaining students' autonomy and wellbeing. By examining the great extent to which online content providers' large-scale switch to algorithmic, responsive, individualized content provision proliferates, this chapter makes the case that students' (and teachers') lack of engagement in this regard makes for a crisis of sustainability. The chapter situates the need for systemic adaptation to this new reality as overdue and urgent.
Guidelines for Teachers on the Use of Digital Games on SDG-Relevant Topics in Geography Classes
Authors: Budke Alexandra
Published: April 2023

The chapter is concerned with the use of digital games in educating about societal challenges connected to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in geography classes. The first part of the chapter summarizes the potentials of the medium and answers the question of why bringing games into the classroom is worth the effort. Subsequently, the chapter offers guidelines to aid teachers in making this step, including guidance on how to choose the right game for the given purpose, how to integrate the game into the lesson, and most importantly, how to reflect on the playing experience with the students.
Smart Energy, Smart Schools
Authors: Raschke Nicole , Wey Lisa , Arendt Thomas
Published: April 2023

This chapter presents the project “Smart Energy Smart Schools” (SENSOr), which develops project-oriented learning environments on the topic of energy in public school buildings. The project builds bridges between education for sustainable development and digitalization. In the chapter, three different educational modules, the environmental measuring station, the history of light sources, and the planetarium are dealt with in more detail. They show a useful connection between ESD and digitalization or digital media. Another focus is the evaluation of the first feedback from the students and teachers. This leads to the formulation of initial theses that can be derived from this. Finally, various opportunities and challenges that arose on an individual and institutional level during the implementation of the project are described.
Will Social Media Replace Face-to-Face Interactions in International Collaboration Discussions?
Authors: Dür Martin , Keller Lars
Published: April 2023

Within the education-research cooperation AustrIndia-4QOL, 102 teenagers from Austria and India jointly conducted research on the topics ‘quality of life' and ‘sustainability'. While the collaboration was mainly carried out via social media, some of the teenagers took part in an additional one-week face-to-face collaboration. This chapter offers insights into the effects of the collaboration on students' concepts of the quality of life perceptions of teenagers from different socio-cultural backgrounds and on their awareness of the importance and impact of environmental aspects on quality of life and their willingness to act towards more sustainable lifestyles. Social media enables learning experiences that cannot be facilitated within classical educational settings and should therefore be afforded greater attention in formal education. However, examination of the AustrIndia-4QOL project shows that social media collaborations have their own limitations and that the total removal of the opportunity for live face-to-face interactions is questionable.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ag/SiO2 Nanocomposite Based on Rice Husk Silica Using Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Sulistiani Wiwin , Efridahniar Yessi , Pratiwi Indah , Firdaus Iqbal , Manurung Posman , Karo Karo Pulung
Published: April 2023

In this study, silver-silica (Ag/SiO2) was synthesized using the sol-gel method by silica from rice husks. Silica derived from rice husk waste was previously synthesized using the sol gel method. In addition, the Ag material used in this study was also performed into silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This method was chosen to obtain an Ag/SiO2 composite with nano size and high purity. AgNPs were synthesized using silver nitrate (AgNO3) by reduction method at 90 °C. The reducing agent and stabilizer used is trisodium citrate. UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX were used for the analysis Ag/SiO2 composites. Uv-Vis analysis results Ag/SiO2 has an absorption peak at a wavelength of 412 nm with a bandgap energy of 2.25 eV. These peaks indicate that AgNPs have formed in the SiO2 membrane. The FTIR results revealed the Si-O-Si bonds which indicated the presence of silica and the Ag-O functional group, and the presence of AgNPs. The results of XRD analysis showed that the silica structure formed was cristobalite and silver crystals in the face center cubic (fcc) shape. The results of the SEM-EDX morphological analysis showed that the Ag/SiO2 nanocomposite was shaped like sharp stone chips and the presence of small granules (granules) with different particle sizes and shapes, slightly porous and the composition of the compounds in the Ag/SiO2 nanocomposite indicated the presence of various chemical elements in the sample, including carbon, oxygen, sodium, silica, and silver.
Magnetic and Structural Properties of Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-Gr Based Nanostructured Alloys Synthesized by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Younes Abderrahmane , Bouamer Amirouche , Amraoui Rachid , Metidji Nadia , Guessoum Mounia , Abada Abderahim
Published: April 2023

Nanostructured FeNi and FeNiGr alloys were successfully synthesized by the mechanical alloying technique. The alloys formation and different magnetic properties were studied as a function of milling time in the range of 0 to 30h by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis and a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) process. The X-ray diffraction study confirmed the apparition of the α-FeNi alloy after 5h of milling with an average crystallite size of 26.80nm. The crystallite size obtained after 30h of milling is 10.13nm, While, the lattice deformation increases from 0.431 to 0.935%. in addition, the analysis of the magnetization curves of the Fe-Ni alloys revealed original magnetic properties: super paramagnetic behavior, and especially saturation magnetization and significant coercivity. ​​​​​​​ Furthermore, the addition of graphene into FeNi alloy, reduced its crystallite size from 11.56 to 6.65 nm, and increases the lattice strain and lattice parameter from 0.631 to 0.748% and from 0.28686 to 0.28704nm, respectively. Which, enhanced these magnetic properties, by increasing its coercivity (Hc) from 16. 07 to 135.42 Oe and Mr from 1.73 to 5.87 emu/g, while the magnetization saturation is decreased from 153.25 to 123.06 emu/g.
Heat Transfer Investigation of Laminar Flow Mixed Convection of Nanofluids in a Uniformly Heated Horizontal Annulus: A Combination of Theoretical-Based and Experimental-Based Models of Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity
Authors: Benkhedda Mohammed , Tayebi Tahar , Chamkha Ali J.
Published: April 2023

This present study is intended for a CFD analysis of hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of water-based fluid containing TiO2 or CuO nanoparticles flowing in laminar regime in a 3D uniformly heated horizontal annulus utilizing several. Four distinct models have been developed using various combinations (A, B, C and D) of the available theorical-based and experimental-based thermal conductivity and viscosity correlations. A CFD-Fortran code based on the finite volume technique was elaborated for the numerical solution of the mathematical model of the problem. The implications of Grashof number, volume fraction, and type of nanoparticle on isovelocity, isotherms, mean and wall temperatures, Nusselt number, heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, and thermal performance evaluation criteria are explored using these different models. The results demonstrate that the Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient of all developed models improve with the addition of nanoparticles. For 2% of nanoparticles’ concentration, the largest enhancement was reached for model D by about 23.5% with respect to the based liquid, while the smallest enhancement was obtained for model B by about 1.16%. The highest Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC) are attained by employing model D by about 1.263, followed by model C by about 1.074.
Borrelia burgdorferi Engages Mammalian Type I IFN Responses via the cGAS–STING Pathway
Authors: Farris Lauren C , Torres-Odio Sylvia , Adams L Garry , West A Phillip , Hyde Jenny A
Published: April 2023

Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, is a spirochete that modulates numerous host pathways to cause a chronic, multisystem inflammatory disease in humans. B. burgdorferi infection can lead to Lyme carditis, neurologic complications, and arthritis because of the ability of specific borrelial strains to disseminate, invade, and drive inflammation. B. burgdorferi elicits type I IFN (IFN-I) responses in mammalian cells and tissues that are associated with the development of severe arthritis or other Lyme-related complications. However, the innate immune sensors and signaling pathways controlling IFN-I induction remain unclear. In this study, we examined whether intracellular nucleic acid sensing is required for the induction of IFN-I to B. burgdorferi. Using fluorescence microscopy, we show that B. burgdorferi associates with mouse and human cells in culture, and we document that internalized spirochetes colocalize with the pattern recognition receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Moreover, we report that IFN-I responses in mouse macrophages and murine embryonic fibroblasts are significantly attenuated in the absence of cGAS or its adaptor stimulator of IFN genes (STING), which function to sense and respond to intracellular DNA. Longitudinal in vivo tracking of bioluminescent B. burgdorferi revealed similar dissemination kinetics and borrelial load in C57BL/6J wild-type, cGAS-deficient, or STING-deficient mice. However, infection-associated tibiotarsal joint pathology and inflammation were modestly reduced in cGAS-deficient compared with wild-type mice. Collectively, these results indicate that the cGAS–STING pathway is a critical mediator of mammalian IFN-I signaling and innate immune responses to B. burgdorferi.
Here, There, and Everywhere: Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Immunology
Authors: Ostrand-Rosenberg Suzanne , Lamb Tracey J , Pawelec Graham
Published: April 2023

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were initially identified in humans and mice with cancer where they profoundly suppress T cell– and NK cell–mediated antitumor immunity. Inflammation is a central feature of many pathologies and normal physiological conditions and is the dominant driving force for the accumulation and function of MDSCs. Therefore, MDSCs are present in conditions where inflammation is present. Although MDSCs are detrimental in cancer and conditions where cellular immunity is desirable, they are beneficial in settings where cellular immunity is hyperactive. Because MDSCs can be generated ex vivo, they are being exploited as therapeutic agents to reduce damaging cellular immunity. In this review, we discuss the detrimental and beneficial roles of MDSCs in disease settings such as bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, sepsis, obesity, trauma, stress, autoimmunity, transplantation and graft-versus-host disease, and normal physiological settings, including pregnancy and neonates as well as aging. The impact of MDSCs on vaccination is also discussed.
The year of encroaching genomics
Authors: Manfredi-Romanini MG
Published: April 2023

The year 2000 has been called “The year of the genome”. Perhaps better would have been to call it “The year of encroaching genomics” (Einarson and Golemis, 2000) intending by this vivid term the torrents of information pouring out of multiorganizational genome sequence projects, large research groups, consortia and industries into the field of active biological research. This is bound to have a strong impact on how research strategies will be designed from now on and it is our expectation that the year 2001 will be the year in which the small academic laboratories now at the forefront of research will have to cope with this new situation if they are to remain at the cutting edge. They will have to show granting institutions how their new research project proposals involve collaboration with large scientific groups and industries such as those mentioned above in order to win financial backing.
Lymphocyte dysmetabolism: an immunocytochemical comparative approach in IDDM and control subjects
Authors: Pugnaloni A , Sgarbi GL , Tesei M , D'Aurelio M , Ragni G , Parenti Castelli G , Salardi S , Zucchini S , Bovina C , Cacciari E , Lenaz G , Biagini G
Published: April 2023

We have investigated by immuno-electron microscopy the presence of phosphotyrosine in cells as a whole and in different cell districts (nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and mitochondria) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of IDDM (insulindependent diabetes mellitns) patients and agematched controls. Immuno-gold particle density was highest in mitochondria and decreased in cytoplasm, nucleus and plasma membrane. The time dependence of phosphotyrosine labelling after cell isolation was very strong in all subcellular populations, with a fall in immunogold staining after 30 min. Staining levels at zero time were similar in controls and IDDM patients; the loss of phosphotyrosine labelling was much stronger in controls, except in the plasma membrane. Plasma membrane NADH oxidoreductase activity, studied using cytosolic NADH as substrate and assayed with DCIP as acceptor, was significantly reduced in IDDM patients, suggesting a response to a deficient mitochondrial energetic activity. The fact that NADH oxidoreductase is a growth factor related to tyrosine phosphorylation pathways raises intriguing questions on the cellular derangement occurring in peripheral lymphocytes in IDDM, although the relationships among the immunocytochemical and biochemical changes is still obscure.
Fluorescent RT in situ PCR detection of MRP1 mRNA in human HCV infected liver
Authors: Pascolo L , Bogoni S , Spanò A , Demori E , Amoroso A , Crovella S
Published: April 2023

Chronic hepatitis C is now a major cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately 20% of cases of acute viral hepatitis are due to hepatitis C. Cirrhosis develops in more than 25% of patients with chronic infection and each year hepatocellular carcinoma occurs in 1-3% of patients with cirrhosis due to HCV (Hoofnagle 1999). Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are characterized by nonresponsiveness to chemotherapeutic agents. A cause of refractivity to treatment has been ascribed to the overexpression of the Pgp (MDR) protein (Kim et al. 1999), and the additional involvement of multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) has been also hypothesized (Minemura et al. 1999).
Is cesarean section a clinical marker for psychiatric and sleep disorder in young mothers? A cross-sectional study from rural South India
Authors: Ryali Sumalatha , Kumar Mulinti S. , Ryali V.S.S.R. , Paspulati Sreelatha
Published: April 2023

Background:

Gestation and postnatal period are important stages in a woman’s life. The type of delivery, vaginal delivery (VD) or cesarean Section (CS), is determined by maternal and fetal factors and their mutual fit. The type of delivery has consequences on the health and well-being of the mother and the newborn. Postpartum psychiatric disorders have been found to be both positively and negatively associated with the mode of delivery and demographic and clinical variables of the postpartum mothers. In view of the foregoing, a comprehensive investigation of the demographic and clinical variables and a range of psychiatric disorders among postpartum women delivered both vaginally and by CS in a rural tertiary care hospital in South India was proposed.

Materials and Methods:

All consecutive women delivered vaginally and by CS attending Maternal and Child Clinic within 42 days of delivery were approached. Following informed consent and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 121 women delivered vaginally and 124 women delivered by CS were assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data obtained were entered into MS Excel 2010 version and further analyzed using STATA v13.

Results:

Both groups were matched on most demographic and clinical variables except age and whether pregnancy was planned or not. Postpartum depression was the most frequent diagnosis in both groups, with significantly more cases following CS compared to VD. Other psychiatric disorders were also found to be more following CS. The quality of sleep (QOS) was significantly poor following CS. QOS was significantly poor in the presence of a coexisting psychiatric disorder.

Conclusion:

This study has limitations in terms of being cross-sectional and disability being defined by cutoff scores on MINI and PSQI.
Selecting a thesis topic: A postgraduate’s dilemma
Authors: Saini Rajiv K. , Issac Mohan , Kumar K. J. D. , Chaudhury Suprakash , Sharma Rachit , Dangi Ankit , Chail Amit
Published: April 2023

It is said that well begun is half done. Choosing a thesis topic and submitting a research protocol is an essential step in the life cycle of a postgraduate resident. National Medical Commission of India mandates that all postgraduate trainees must submit at least one original research work (dissertation), one oral paper, one poster, and one publication to be eligible for final year examination. It is the duty of the faculty to ensure that trainees take active interest and submit their theses on time. However, their journey is often marred by multiple challenges and hurdles. The literature was searched from year 2000 onwards till 2011 using Pubmed, ResearchGate, MEDLINE, and the Education Resources Information Centre databases with terms related to residency training, selecting thesis topic, challenges or hurdles, and conversion of thesis into journal article. Existing literature on the subject matter is sparse. Current article advocates promotion of ethical and original research during postgraduation and proposes a checklist for residents before submission of their proposals.
Five-year outcome of aflibercept intravitreal injection in naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration using a modified treat-and-extend regimen: Results from a prospective observational study
Authors: Charles Jarret , Chau TRAN Thi Ha
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE:

The purpose is to study the 5-year results of aflibercept monotherapy using an individualized regimen in naïve patients with neovascular AMD (nAMD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a prospective observational study including naïve nAMD patients who underwent aflibercept injections with at least 5 years of follow-up. All of them received 3 monthly injections at the loading phase, followed by an observation period, then treated with an individualized treat-and-extend regimen. Visual acuity (VA) measurement and optical coherence tomography were performed at each visit.

RESULTS:

Forty-eight eyes were included. Of these, 30 were followed up for 5 years. The mean follow-up was 61.7 ± 2.3 months. The mean age was 81 ± 8 years. The visual gain was 7.3 ± 12.7 letters at 1 year, 6.5 ± 12.5 letters at 2 years, 5.2 ± 17 letters at 3 years, 6.2 ± 18.6 letters at 4 years, and 5.6 ± 20 letters at 5 years. At the last observation, 53% of eyes had VA > 70 letters. A complete fluid resolution was obtained in 53% of the eyes. At the 5-year endpoint, the total number of injections was 21.6 ± 13.4. Macular atrophy was observed in 18 eyes (60%) and subretinal fibrosis in 14 eyes (46%).

CONCLUSION:

Patients with exudative AMD can maintain their visual function at 5 years with aflibercept using an individualized treatment. The loss of visual gain beyond 2 years could be related to the natural progression of the disease than the direct effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth injections.
Should We Perform Repeated Re-biopsy for the Detection of T790M Mutation?
Authors: Kim Saerom , Kim Soo Han , Kim Jinmi , Kim Mi-Hyun , Lee Min Ki , Eom Jung Seop
Published: April 2023

Purpose Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutations have been detected in the second or third rebiopsy, even if the T790M mutation was not identified in the first rebiopsy. This meta-analysis investigated the EGFR T790M mutation detection rates and its additional advantages with repeated rebiopsies.Materials and Methods We searched through the PubMed and EMBASE databases up to June 2022. Studies reporting rebiopsy to identify the EGFR T790M mutation in case of disease progression among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and multiple rebiopsies were included. The quality of the included studies was checked using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool.Results Eight studies meeting the eligibility criteria, reporting 1,031 EGFR mutation–positive patients were selected. The pooled EGFR T790M mutation detection rate of the first and repeated rebiopsies were 0.442 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.411 to 0.473; I2=84%; p < 0.01) and 0.465 (95% CI, 0.400 to 0.530; I2=69%; p < 0.01), respectively. Overall, the pooled detection rate of EGFR T790M mutation was 0.545 (95% CI, 0.513 to 0.576), which increased by 10.3% with repeated rebiopsies.Conclusion This meta-analysis identified that repeated rebiopsy increases the detection rate of EGFR T790M mutation by 10.3%, even if EGFR T790M mutation is not detected in the first rebiopsy. Our results indicate that the spatiotemporal T790M heterogeneity can be overcome with repeated rebiopsy.