bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CREATIVITY BASED ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN DESIGN OF AGE-FRIENDLY CITIES: POLISH SENIORS ABOUT THEIR NEEDS – RESEARCH REFLECTION
Authors: Dutka Grzegorz , Gawron Grzegorz , Rojek-Adamek Paulina
Published: May 2021

The identified changes in age structure on a global and local scale pose a major challenge for modern societies. And so, the issue of adapting urban spaces to the needs of older people has become of particular interest. But the intensity of changes requires a creative approach to this matter. One of the responses to this phenomenon has been the World Health Organization proposal to build age-friendly cities and communities. It details how to effectively reduce social and spatial exclusion experienced by older people. Importantly, the needs of the elderly are increasingly being taken into consideration during the design process. This article provides the theoretical explanation of the issues related to the creative solutions based on new technologies in the perspective of building an age-friendly city. The empirical section presents selected survey results conducted among Polish seniors which focus on three main aspects of new technologies: the current importance for seniors; the current state of solutions in the city; the predicted importance in the future.
Molecular phylogeny of the Lichen Tiger Moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini) of the Western Hemisphere
Authors: Palting John D , Moore Wendy
Published: May 2021

Few molecular-based studies have tested the monophyly of the Lithosiini subtribes proposed by Bendib and Minet (2000), and those have been limited by meager taxon sampling. Several studies have suggested some subtribes are not monophyletic as they are currently defined. We conducted a molecular phylogenetic study of representatives of the North American lithosiine fauna which are currently classified within the subtribes Acsalina, Lithosiina, Cisthenina and Eudesmiina, the latter having never been included in a molecular-based analysis before. Based on analyses of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), ribosomal protein S5 (RPS5) and the large subunit 28S ribosomal DNA (28S), we assign some of the North American genera to subtribe for the first time and re-assign others contrary to previous placements. Then, we discuss the morphological characters that Bendib and Minet (2000) proposed to define subtribes and re-consider them in the context of our inferred phylogeny. We report high support for a monophyletic Lithosiina+ Agylla + Inopsis + Gnamptonychia, three genera being unplaced or of uncertain placement (Agylla) by Bendib and Minet (2000). We remove Gardinia from the subtribe Lithosiina and place it in the Cisthenina, along with Eudesmia, formerly placed in its own subtribe, the Eudesmiina. Two other genera, Bruceia and Ptychoglene, not previously assigned to a subtribe are found to be members of the Cisthenina. We remove Clemensia from the Cisthenina and report it, along with the neotropical Pronola, as part of undefined clade. After these changes, our phylogeny shows strong support for the monophyly of Cisthenina + Gardinia + Eudesmia + Bruceia + Ptychoglene. We find Acsala anomala occurs on a long branch by itself, confirming the uniqueness of this species and its placement in a monotypic subtribe. Finally, we confirm that Afrida exegens, sometimes considered a member of the Lithosiini, is not even an erebid, but rather it is a member of the Nolidae, as proposed by Holloway (1998) and Kitching and Rawlins (1998).
An unknown hotspot of plant diversity in the heart of the Central Apennine: flora and vegetation outline of Mt. Pozzoni-St. Rufo valley (Cittareale, Rieti)
Authors: Lattanzi Edda , Del Vico Eva , Tranquilli Roberto , Farris Emmanuele , Marignani Michela , Rosati Leonardo
Published: May 2021

Surprisingly enough, Italy still has some botanically unexplored areas; among these there are some territories between Lazio, Umbria and Abruzzo not included in any protected area. The study area, ranging for 340 ha, includes the mountainous area of Mt. Pozzoni-Mt. Prato-St. Rufo valley, which forms the upper part of the river Velino basin, located in the territory of the municipality of Cittareale (Rieti, Lazio), at an elevation from 1150 to 1903 m a.s.l. The substrate is mainly made of marly limestone of the Meso-Cenozoic Umbria-Marche sedimentary succession. The climate is Temperate and comprises vegetation belts from the montane to sub-alpine. Land cover is dominated by pastures and deciduous forests, with only a few hay meadows. 794 entities have been detected: 16% are considered rare or very rare for the regional territory with several floristic novelties for the regional flora, 6% of the total was found to be endemic to Italy and only eight taxa were aliens. Four taxa are new for the regional flora of Lazio: Arum cylindraceum, Alopecurus pratensis subsp. pratensis, Hieracium bupleuroides and Trinia glauca subsp. glauca. Forest vegetation is represented by beech forests, while dry grasslands are the most widespread vegetation type. The greatest phytocoenotic diversity was found within the secondary pastures. Particularly interesting is the plant community with Iris marsica, which suggests that limestone mountain ledges can represent a primary habitat for this endemic species of the Central Apennine. The presence of several habitats listed in the EU Habitat Directive indicates how the lack of detailed territorial knowledge can lead to the non-designation of conservation sites in areas of high naturalistic value. These findings showed that botanical explorations in territories which are still not known could contribute significantly to the identification of areas of high interest in conserving plant diversity.
La « démocratie de l’abstention » à l’université
Authors: Stuppia Paolo , Haute Tristan
Published: May 2021

Alors que la préférence des jeunes pour des pratiques opposées au vote et à l’action syndicale fait l’objet de controverses, cet article interroge l’un des indicateurs avancés pour illustrer le retrait de la fraction scolarisée des modes de participation « traditionnels » : l’abstention massive aux élections étudiantes. Au croisement de la sociologie électorale, de la jeunesse et des mouvements sociaux, les auteurs montrent que cette non-participation est moins le signe d’un rejet généralisé de la démocratie représentative que la conséquence d’une moindre capacité des organisations étudiantes à mobiliser les votant·e·s, nombre de leur militant·e·s semblant se détourner de l’activité électorale.
Rester ou rentrer
Authors: Henni Roufaïda
Published: May 2021

Si les études sur l’immigration algérienne ont longtemps suscité un fort intérêt scientifique, les migrations étudiantes algériennes, et particulièrement leur devenir après les études restent un angle mort de ce champ. Cet article s’intéresse aux conséquences biographiques de ces migrations étudiantes en interrogeant les modalités selon lesquelles se construit le départ ou l’installation en France, après les études. Il propose de regarder le devenir de ces étudiants, non pas à travers le prisme du choix individuel mais en pensant ces parcours comme la résultante d’un processus socialisateur articulant des réalités sociogénéalogiques, des réalités directement liées à la migration, et des réalités liées à la vie en France, « loin de chez soi ».
Quand le retour cesse d’être une évidence
Authors: Ndiaye Papa Oumar
Published: May 2021

Si la migration étudiante est provisoire du point de vue des règles qui l’encadrent et dans l’esprit des étudiants eux-mêmes au moment où ils arrivent en France, comment rendre compte du fait que nombre d’entre eux prolongent leur séjour bien au-delà de la fin de leurs études ? Faut-il considérer que les changements survenus dans leur vie (sociale, amoureuse, professionnelle, etc.) tendent à produire des effets durables, susceptibles d’infléchir leur projet initial de retour au pays ? Si les étudiants ne sont plus les mêmes à la fin de leurs études qu’au début, il convient dès lors de se demander comment ces différentes expériences socialisantes les ont fait basculer d’une quasi-certitude du retour en début de migration, vers une situation d’indétermination, qui peut aboutir à leur installation durable dans le pays d’accueil.
« Devenir adulte » en contexte migratoire
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Simeng
Published: May 2021

À partir de deux enquêtes de terrain croisées, l’article propose une typologie de transition juvénile afin d’analyser les trajectoires socialement différenciées des diplômés chinois en France à l’issue de leurs études supérieures. Il montre le poids des normes dominantes dans la société chinoise qui pèsent sur les jeunes chinois en mobilité, mais également les processus de reconfiguration des normes sociales dans le contexte migratoire. Les diplômés chinois construisent leurs trajectoires professionnelle, familiale et migratoire en naviguant entre des systèmes de référence différents et des exigences normatives parfois contradictoires.
Rivadeneira, critique de Machiavel et Bodin
Authors: Coujou Jean-Paul
Published: May 2021

Selon Rivadeneira, en opposition aux doctrines de Machiavel et de Bodin, il faut désormais proposer au Prince chrétien les moyens de répondre aux dénaturations touchant la représentation du théologico-politique, en établissant les principes éthiques d’une raison d’État chrétienne dont le fondement réside dans les commandements divins, tout en demeurant conciliable avec une norme d’action politique efficace pour le souverain.
La médiation numérique comme démarche d’émancipation
Authors: Javelle Eddie
Published: May 2021

Au-delà des enjeux de méthodes, d’outillage et de posture, cette contribution souligne que la médiation numérique permet d’accompagner la participation des citoyens. Loin de se réduire à un solutionnisme technique, l’expérience du médiateur numérique vise aussi au renforcement de l’autonomie et de l’émancipation. Les acteurs de la médiation numérique mis au service de leur territoire doivent être en capacité de proposer de faire de la médiation « au » numérique aussi bien que d’utiliser le numérique « comme » médiation.
Symptomatic relief from at-home use of activated Bifidobacterium infantis EVC001 probiotic in infants: results from a consumer survey on the effects on diaper rash, colic symptoms, and sleep
Authors: Dimitratos S.M. , Brown H. , Shafizadeh T. , Kazi S. , Altmann T. , Ostrer B.
Published: May 2021

The gut microbiome during infancy is directly involved in the digestion of human milk, development of the immune system, and long-term health outcomes. Gut dysbiosis in early life has been linked to multiple short-term ailments, from diaper dermatitis and poor stooling habits, to poor sleep and fussiness, with mixed results in the scientific literature on the efficacy of probiotics for symptom resolution. Despite the growing interest in probiotics for consumer use, observed symptomatic relief is rarely documented. This study aims to evaluate observed symptomatic relief from at-home use of activated Bifidobacterium infantis EVC001 in infants. Consumer feedback was collected over a 2-year period via a 30-day post-purchase online survey of B. infantis EVC001 (Evivo®) customers. Outcome measures included observed changes in diaper rash, symptoms of colic, and sleep behaviours in infants fed B. infantis EVC001. A total of 1,621 respondents completed the survey. Before purchasing B. infantis EVC001, the majority of respondents visited the product website, researched infant probiotics online, or consulted with their doctor or other healthcare professional. Of the participants whose infants had ever experienced diaper rash, 72% (n=448) reported improvements, and 57% of those reported complete resolution of this problem. Of those who responded to questions about gassiness/fussiness, naptime sleep, and night-time sleep behaviours, 63% (n=984), 33% (n=520), and 52% (n=806) reported resolution or improvements, respectively. Although clinical data regarding probiotic use are often inconclusive for symptom resolution, home use of B. infantis EVC001 in infants improved diaper rash, gassiness/fussiness, and sleep quality within the first week of use in a significant number of respondents who engaged in a voluntary post-purchase survey. These outcomes may be a result of the unique genetic capacity of B. infantis EVC001 to colonise the infant gut highlighting the importance of strain selection in evaluating the effects of probiotic products.
Anatomical impact and notes on viviparous development related to infestation by neotenic females ofStylops advarians(Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) on adult femaleAndrena milwaukeensis(Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)
Authors: Balzer Zachary S. , Davis Arthur R.
Published: May 2021

Stylops advariansPierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) is a prevalent parasite of adultAndrena milwaukeensisGraenicher (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. By dissecting adult bees and examining histological sections, we sought to determine how neotenic females ofS. advariansimpact female hosts ofA. milwaukeensisanatomically. Adult bees with 1–3 females ofS. advarianswithin their gasters were compared to nonstylopised bees (control). The presence of a single female parasite inhibited development of the host’s ovaries. The bee’s foregut shifted laterally when one parasite occupied the gaster and ventrally when two or three were present, thereby reducing the crop’s expandable capacity and the amount of nectar and pollen that stylopised bees can ingest. The midgut and hindgut were less significantly affected by stylopisation. Female parasites typically occupied the host’s gaster dorsolaterally, where each was supported by one of the host’s air sacs. If a third female parasite was present, she resided dorsally along the midline of the host’s gaster, mostly supported by the two female parasites to either side. Asynchronous development within neotenic female parasites was demonstrated, wherein mature first-instar larvae occupied the cephalothorax and abdomen at the same time that the adult female was still supporting multiple embryos.
Epidemic of Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kulkarni Rahul , Misra Usha K. , Meshram Chandrashekhar , Kochar Dhanpat , Modi Manish , Vishnu Venugopalan Y. , Garg Ravindra K. , Surya Nirmal
Published: May 2021

During the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, there is a sudden increase in number of cases mucormycosis infection in India. This communication by the Tropical Neurology subsection expert group of the Indian Academy of Neurology (IAN) describes the clinical and diagnostic features, treatment of the disease and gives recommendations about the ways forward.
Quaternary abdominal compartment syndrome in complex ventral hernias
Authors: Quintela Catarina , Freire Lígia , Marrana Francisco , Barbosa Eva , Guerreiro Emanuel , Ferreira Fernando C.
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE:

Abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) can lead to raised intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in the postoperative setting. The term “quaternary abdominal compartment syndrome” (QACS) was recently proposed as an abdominal compartment syndrome in the particular setting of AWR that reverts with medical treatment. The aim of this report is to determine the incidence of QACS in our series, potential risk factors and the outcome of these patients.

METHODS:

A retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2019 at our hospital, to identify patients with QACS after AWR and respective risk factors.

RESULTS:

From a total of 115 patients, five were diagnosed with QACS, all being hernias with Loss of Domain (LOD) ≥20% and showing major renal and pulmonary impairment. Four patients had predictable transitory QACS, yet one patient died despite damage control surgery. A total of 19 patients had LOD ≥20%, 14 without QACS development and 5 with this entity. The most important finding between the groups was a significant variation in the Peak Respiratory Pressure (PRP) (measured before incision and intraoperatively), being higher in the QACS group (7.40 ± 1.34 vs. 3.77 ± 1.59; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

In this study, QACS was found to be a rare event, not always transitory. LOD ≥20% appeared as an important risk factor and PRP variations between 6 and 10 mmHg during fascial closure were a significant marker for adverse endpoints in AWR.
Combined perineal hernia repair and abdominal parastomal hernia with mesh for sequela of an abdominoperineal resection
Authors: McDonald Katherine C. , Borger Philip , Webman Rachel , Kwon Soo Yun
Published: May 2021

Clinically, significant perineal hernias are rare, occurring in <1% of all hernias. They may be congenital but are most commonly acquired and secondary to abdominoperineal resection (APR) or pelvic exenteration as treatments for cancer. We report a novel case of a combined perineal hernia and abdominal parastomal hernia and our approach for repair with mesh. The perineal hernia repair utilized a composite mesh implant, which was anchored to Cooper's ligament and the anterior longitudinal ligament. The parastomal hernia required component separation and re-siting of the stoma. This case describes a unique method for repairing the uncommon sequelae of concurrent perineal and parastomal hernias after an APR for rectal cancer.
Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis following intensive corticosteroid therapy in severe COVID-19 disease
Authors: Shroff Daraius , Narula Ritesh , Atri Neelam , Chakravarti Arindam , Gandhi Arpan , Sapra Neelam , Bhatia Gagan , Pawar Shraddha R , Narain Shishir
Published: May 2021

Purpose:

To report endogenous fungal endophthalmitis, postrecovery from severe COVID-19 infection in otherwise immunocompetent individuals, treated with prolonged systemic steroids.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review of cases with confirmed and presumed fungal endogenous endophthalmitis, following severe COVID-19 disease, treated at two tertiary care referral eye institutes in North India.

Results:

Seven eyes of five cases of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis were studied. All cases had been hospitalized for severe COVID-19 pneumonia and had received systemic steroid therapy for an average duration of 42 ± 25.1 days (range 18–80 days). All the cases initially complained of floaters with blurred vision after an average of 6 days (range 1–14 days) following discharge from hospital. They had all been misdiagnosed as noninfectious uveitis by their primary ophthalmologists. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with intravitreal antifungal therapy. Five of the seven eyes grew fungus as the causative organism (Candida sp. in four eyes, Aspergillus sp. in one eye). Postoperatively, all eyes showed control of the infection with a marked reduction in vitreous exudates and improvement in vision.

Conclusion:

Floaters and blurred vision developed in patients after they recovered from severe COVID-19 infection. They had received prolonged corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19 as well as for suspected noninfectious uveitis. We diagnosed and treated them for endogenous fungal endophthalmitis. All eyes showed anatomical and functional improvement after PPV with antifungal therapy. It is important for ophthalmologists and physicians to be aware of this as prompt treatment could control the infection and salvage vision.
A Rare Presentation of Interstitial Lung Disease in a Follow-up Patient with Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Lavanya Lithika M , Arulponni T. R.
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. The incidence is increasing in developing countries. Adjuvant radiation reduces ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and, in turn, improves overall survival in both early and locally advanced breast cancer patients who have undergone breast conservation surgery and mastectomy, respectively. The lung is one of the dose-limiting organs in thoracic radiation. The incidence of radiation pneumonitis is rare, ranging from 5% to 15%. The incidence has further decreased with newer techniques of radiation treatment delivery. Here, we present a case of right breast carcinoma with an atypical presentation of interstitial lung disease 5 years after treatment.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Recurrent Pilonidal Sinus in an Older Woman
Authors: Hung Yu-Ting
Published: May 2021

Malignant transformation is a rare complication of pilonidal sinus. We report the case of a 90-year-old female who had a recurrent pilonidal sinus with fistulous abscess formation. We excised the whole pilonidal sinus because the infection could not be controlled by oral antibiotics. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was found in the sinus tract with a negative surgical margin. A whole abdominal computed tomography scan was performed, which showed no distant metastasis and no enlargement of the bilateral inguinal lymph nodes. This case study illustrates that SCC transformation may present in the recurrent and long-standing pilonidal sinus. We suggested that all pilonidal sinus lesions should be sent for pathologic examination to early detect malignant transformation.
Effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gynecologic Cancer Associated with Defective Mismatch Repair and a Rare Immunotherapy-Related Adverse Event
Authors: Kuo Ming-Chun , Liu Chien-Ting
Published: May 2021

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the outcome and overall survival of patients with cancer. However, predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy remains difficult. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system is vital for identifying and repairing mismatched nucleotides during genetic recombination. Cancers with defective MMR involve thousands of mutations and are defined as having microsatellite instability (MSI) and demonstrate a high immunotherapy response rate. Therefore, MSI could be a biomarker for predicting the response to ICIs. Herein, we present two patients with MSI-high gynecologic malignancies who demonstrated a complete response to ICI treatment, but along with panuveitis, a rare immunotherapy-related adverse event in one of the cases.
A Rare Case of Salmonella meningitis and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Dange Nimisha S. , Sawant Vishal , Dash Lona , Kondekar Alpana Santosh
Published: May 2021

Enteric fever is a common infectious disease of the tropical world. Common age group involved is children aged between 5 and 10 years. In addition to diarrhea, it may lead to extraintestinal infections including aseptic meningitis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, acute abdomen, intestinal perforation, pneumonia, psychosis, and ataxia. Hematologic complications leading to hemophagocytosis have a prevalence of < 1%. Salmonella meningitis has an incidence of 6% with poor prognosis neurological sequelae. We report a rare case of enteric fever that presented with hemophagocytic syndrome and S. meningitis. Response to third-generation cephalosporins is dramatic, eventually giving good prognosis.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Antigen Fluorescence Immunoassay Test for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kiro Vandana Vijayeta , Gupta Ankesh , Singh Parul , Sharad Neha , Khurana Surbhi , Prakash S , Dar Lalit , Malhotra Rajesh , Wig Naveet , Kumar Arvind , Trikha Anjan , Mathur Purva
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Tests detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific antigen have recently been developed, and many of them are now commercially available. However, the real-world performance of these assays is uncertain; therefore, their validation is important. In this study, we have evaluated the performance of STANDARD F COVID-19 antigen fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) kit.

Methods:

Nasopharyngeal samples collected from patients were subjected to the test as per manufacturer's instructions. The performance of the kit was compared with the gold standard real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

A total of 354 patients were tested with STANDARD F COVID-19 antigen FIA test kit. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of this test were found to be 38%, 99%, 96.2%, and 72%, respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 75.7%.

Conclusion:

STANDARD F COVID-19 antigen FIA showed high specificity and positive predictive value but low sensitivity and negative predictive value.
Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rd on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury through its Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Activity
Authors: Chen Jv , Fang Wan-Xian , Li Shao-Jin , Xiao Shui-Xiu , Li Hai-Jian , Situ Yong-Li
Published: May 2021

Background:

Inflammation and oxidation stress are key factors in the mechanism of acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, suppression of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress could be a potential strategy to treat lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Ginsenoside Rd (Rd), a natural Ginseng extract, alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in several diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia, but its effect on ALI is still unclear.

Aims and Objectives:

To explore the protective effect of Rd on LPS-induced ALI and explored associated mechanisms.

Materials and Methods:

Mice were divided into five groups: A sham-operated group, a LPS-induced ALI group, and three LPS groups pretreated with Rd doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, respectively. The pathological changes of lung, collagen deposition, pulmonary edema, inflammatory cytokine, oxidative stress and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB were detected.

Results:

The oral administration of Rd dose dependently attenuated histopathologic changes in the lung, lung edema, pulmonary collagen deposition, protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In addition, Rd suppressed the LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1 β in BALF. The productions of oxidative stress-related enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) in lung tissue were significantly upregulated by Rd administration. However, malondialdehyde and pulmonary MPO activity was reduced in the Rd-pretreated groups when compared with LPS-induced ALI group. Rd treatment also dose dependently suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation and TLR4 expression.

Conclusion:

Overall, these findings provide evidence that Rd pretreatment inhibits LPS-induced ALI through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions, suggesting that it could be a promising protective drug for LPS-induced ALI.
О росте количества определителей с элементами
из фиксированного множества
Authors: Arutyunyan Lavrentin Martunovich
Published: May 2021

Изучается задача о количестве различных определителей матриц,
составленных из элементов фиксированного множества.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Гладкие непроективные эквивариантные пополнения аффинного пространства
Authors: Shakhmatov Kirill Veniaminovich
Published: May 2021

В данной работе мы строим эквивариантное относительно действия
параллельными переносами открытое вложение аффинного пространства $\mathbb A^n$
в полное непроективное алгебраическое многообразие $X$ для любого $n\ge 3$.
В качестве основного инструмента используется теория торических
многообразий. В случае $n=3$ мы описываем орбитную структуру
полученного действия на многообразии $X$.
Библиография: 8 названий.
О гармонических многочленах,
инвариантных относительно унитарных преобразований
Authors: Loboda Alexandr Vasil'evich , Darinskii Boris Mikhailovich , Kozoriz D V
Published: May 2021

Изучается вопрос об унитарных преобразованиях и канонических
представителях семейства вещественнозначных гармонических
многочленов четвертой степени от трех комплексных переменных.
Вопрос связан с изучением нормальных уравнений Мозера для
вещественных гиперповерхностей четырехмерных комплексных
пространств и групп изотропии (голоморфных стабилизаторов)
таких поверхностей. Размерность стабилизатора для конкретной
строго псевдовыпуклой гиперповерхности оценивается сверху
размерностью унитарной подгруппы, сохраняющей многочлен
четвертой степени из ее нормального уравнения.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Проективно инвариантные подгруппы абелевых $p$-групп
Authors: Chekhlov Andrey Rostislavovich
Published: May 2021

Для проективно инвариантной подгруппы $C$ редуцированной
$p$-группы $G$ строится неубывающая последовательность
порядковых чисел и символа $\infty$, у которой на
$k$-месте, $k=0,1,2,…$, стоит минимум высот всех ненулевых
элементов подгруппы $p^kC[p]$, вычисленных в $G$. Доказывается,
что если все элементы этой последовательности суть целые числа,
то подгруппа $C$ является вполне инвариантной.
Библиография: 6 названий.
Уравнение Кана-Хиллиарда в случае двух пространственных переменных. Формирование паттернов
Authors: Kulikov Anatolii Nikolaevich , Kulikov Dmitrii Anatol'evich
Published: May 2021

Рассматривается уравнение Кана-Хиллиарда в случае, когда его решение зависит от двух пространственных переменных, с однородными краевыми условиями Дирихле и Неймана, а также периодическими краевыми условиями. Для этих трех краевых задач изучается вопрос о локальных бифуркациях, появляющихся при смене устойчивости пространственно однородными состояниями равновесия. Показано, что характер бифуркаций, в результате которых возникают пространственно неоднородные решения, существенным образом связан с выбором краевых условий. В случае однородных краевых условий Дирихле в окрестности однородного состояния равновесия возникают пространственно неоднородные состояния равновесия, зависящие от обеих пространственных переменных. Иная ситуация реализуется при анализе задачи Неймана и периодической краевой задачи. В них в результате бифуркаций возникают инвариантные многообразия, образованные пространственно неоднородными решениями. Размерность этих многообразий варьируется от 1 до 3. При анализе трех краевых задач использованы методы теории бесконечномерных динамических систем и асимптотические методы. Использование метода интегральных многообразий в сочетании с аппаратом теории нормальных форм позволило провести анализ устойчивости бифурцирующих инвариантных многообразий, а также получить асимптотические формулы для формирующих их пространственно неоднородных решений.
Метод преобразования Фурье для некоторых типов нелинейных уравнений в частных производных
Authors: Gishlarkaev Vakha Isaevich
Published: May 2021

Предлагается метод анализа задачи Коши для широкого класса уравнений со степенными нелинейностями. В основе метода лежит преобразование Фурье, позволяющее свести исходное уравнение к интегро-дифференциальному. Доказано существование решений.
Дискретные бегущие волны в релейной системе уравнений типа Мэки-Гласса с двумя запаздываниями
Authors: Preobrazhenskaya Margarita Mikhailovna
Published: May 2021

Предложена модель кольцевой цепочки $m$ генераторов, которая является релейным аналогом цепи генераторов Мэки-Гласса. В этой модели каждый из генераторов описывается предельным случаем уравнения Мэки-Гласса. Для данной релейной системы доказано существование периодического решения типа дискретных бегущих волн, т. е. такого решения, все $m$ компонент которого (описывающие $m$ генераторов) представлены одной и той же периодической функцией с фазовым смещением друг относительно друга.
Динамика сингулярно возмущенной системы двух дифференциальных уравнений с запаздыванием
Authors: Kashchenko Ilya Sergeevich , Krivets Elena Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

сследуется двумерная сингулярно возмущенная система с запаздыванием, представляющая собой упрощение моделей лазерной физики. Проанализированы случаи, когда в первом уравнении перед производной появляется малый параметр. Проведено исследование поведения решений в окрестности стационарной точки при переходе параметров системы через бифуркационные значения. Методами локального асимптотического анализа построены специальные нелинейные уравнения, описывающие структуру решений и асимптотическое приближение решений исходной задачи.
COVID-19, Loneliness and Technological Addiction: Longitudinal Data
Authors: Rogier Guyonne , Zobel Sara Beomonte , Velotti Patrizia
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak has been shown to have had a negative impact on mental health: furthermore, lockdown measures may have increased levels of loneliness and addiction. Preliminary studies indicated an increased frequency of gaming and social media use during this time and augmented levels of loneliness likely account for the increase in gaming and social media addiction during lockdown. We conducted a longitudinal study administering a battery of self-report questionnaires at the beginning of lockdown (Stage 1) and three days before the end of the lockdown (Stage 2). Specifically, we measured loneliness feelings, frequency of gaming, and social media use, as well as both gaming and social media addiction. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling. We found that loneliness levels longitudinally predicted both gaming and social media addiction, even when controlling for gaming and social media use at Stage 1. Increased feelings of loneliness, a well-known risk factor for gaming, along with social media addiction, may be a central variable heightening vulnerability to the onset or the maintenance of technological addiction during forced social isolation. Thus, future preventive interventions may want to target this issue.RésuméL’éclosion de la COVID-19 a eu un effet nuisible sur la santé mentale. De plus, les mesures de confinement ont intensifié la solitude et les addictions. Les études préliminaires indiquent une augmentation de la fréquence d’utilisation des jeux vidéo et des médias sociaux pendant cette période. Cette hausse est probablement attribuable à l’accroissement de la solitude. Nous avons mené une étude longitudinale à l’aide d’une batterie de questionnaires d’autoévaluation, qui ont été remplis au début du confinement (étape 1) et trois jours avant la fin du confinement (étape 2). En particulier, nous avons mesuré le sentiment de solitude, la fréquence d’utilisation des jeux vidéo et des médias sociaux, et la dépendance aux jeux vidéo et aux médias sociaux. Nous avons eu recours à la modélisation par équation structurelle pour analyser les données. Nous avons observé que le niveau de solitude est un prédicteur longitudinal de la dépendance aux jeux vidéo et aux médias sociaux, en contrôlant par l’effet de l’utilisation des jeux vidéo et des médias sociaux observée à l’étape 1. Le sentiment accru de solitude, qui est un facteur de risque connu de dépendance aux jeux vidéo et aux médias sociaux, pourrait être une variable centrale de l’accroissement de la vulnérabilité au développement ou à la persistance d’une dépendance à la technologie dans un contexte d’isolement social imposé. Par conséquent, les interventions à venir en matière de prévention pourraient cibler ce problème.
The Northern Migrations from a drying Sahara (6,000 years BP): cultural and genetic influence in Greeks, Iberians and other Mediterraneans
Authors: Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Juarez Ignacio , Palacio-Grüber José , Lopez-Nares Adrián , Suarez-Trujillo Fabio
Published: May 2021

Greeks have a Sub-Saharan gene input according to HLA and other autosomic markers. Iberians, Canarians, and North Africans show a close genetic relatedness. This is concordant with a drying humid Sahara Desert, which may have occurred about 6,000 years BC, and the subsequent northwards emigration of Saharan people may have also happened in Pharaonic times. Present study confirms this African gene input in Greeks according to 12th HLA International Workshop data, which was studied some years before by us. This genetic input into Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe/Africa is also supported with Lineal Megalithic Scripts in Canary Islands (as well as in Iberia) together with simple Iberian semi-syllabary rock inscriptions both at Canary Islands and Ti-m Missaou (Algeria, Central southern Sahara). Lineal African/European scripts are found in some language scripts like Berber/Tuareg, Iberian, Runes, Etruscan, Bulgarian (Sitovo and Gradeshnitza, 6,000 years BP), Italian Old Scripts (Lepontic, Venetic, Raetic), Minoan Lineal A, and other Aegean scripts. The possibility that Megalithic Lineal Scripts have given rise to these languages lineal writing is feasible because admixture of languages rock scripts and Megalithic Lineal Scripts may be found. Thus, resistance of Canarian aborigines (Guanches) to Cartago, Rome and Arabs left a bulk of Canarian-Saharan information which is used to study both Saharan and Canarian Prehistory, and also Atlantic and Mediterranean beginning of European and other civilizations: this preserved prehistoric inheritance may be named the “Saharo-Canarian Circle” of prehistoric knowledge. Also, linguisticsepigraphy, physical anthropology ,archaeology and domesticated cattle shows a close North Africa-Iberia Mesolithic/Neolithic relationship and demonstrates that the demic diffusion model does not exist in Iberia. Also, Tassili Sahara paintings of domesticated cattle appear 1,000 years before that agricultural practices started at Middle East.

Keywords: Greeks, Macedonians, Sahara, Africa, Iberia, HLA, Genetics, Spaniards, Portuguese, Berbers, Algerians, demic, diffusion, Canary Islands, Lanzarote, Malta, Cart-ruts, Quesera, Cheesboard, Iberian, language, Guanche, Usko-Mediterranean, Phoenicians
Correlation of cardiac troponin T level, clinical parameters and myocardial ischaemia in perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Uzodimma CC , Okoromah CAN , Ekure E , Ezeaka CV , Njokanma FO
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Resource limitation in developing countries may preclude access to cardiac troponin-T assay thereby necessitating reliance on clinical judgment for identification of hypoxic myocardial cellular injury.Objectives: To relate selected clinical signs with elevated serum cardiactroponin-T in asphyxiated term neonates.Methods: Asphyxia was identified by low umbilical arterial blood pH . 7.20 and low five minute Apgar score . 6 while controls were term, non.asphyxiated neonates. All babies were examined for heart rate,heart rhythm irregularities, peripheral pulse volume, respiratory rate,pallor, cyanosis, heart murmur and sensorium.Results: Thirty term, asphyxiated neonates and their matched controlswere studied. Central cyanosis, reduced pulse volume, pallor, depressedsensorium; tachycardia and tachypnea were all associated with increased odds ratios for abnormal cardiac troponin.T levels.Conclusion: Clinicians working in resource.limited health facilitiesshould have a high index of suspicion for myocardial cellular injurywhen these signs are elicited.Keywords: neonates, asphyxia, troponin-T, myocardial injury
Pattern of childhood malignant tumours in two tertiary teaching hospitals in Nigeria: Comparative study
Authors: Shehu UA , Adegoke SA , Abdulsalam U , Ibrahim M , Oyelami OA , Adeodu OO
Published: May 2021

Background: Cancer is a public health problem worldwide affecting all categories of persons. It is the second common cause of death in developed countries and among the three leading causes of death in developing countries.Objective: To compare the patterns of malignant childhood tumours intwo tertiary hospitals in the north- Western and South western Nigeria.Methods: Retrospective studies of childhood malignancies diagnosedat Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) (Ife Hospital Unit, Ile-Ife and Wesley Guild Hospital Unit, Ilesa, Osun state) were undertaken from January, 2001 to December, 2010. The patterns of childhood cancers inthese hospitals were compared.Results: Four hundred and ten children aged 7 months to 15 years were admitted at AKTH with malignancies of which 236 were males and 174 females with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. At OAUTHC, 568 children aged two months to 15 years were admitted with malignancies over the ten year period. There were 401 males and 167 females, with male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Lymphomas were the commonest type of malignancy in both centers, which accounted for 47.3% and 59.7% at AKTH and OAUTHCrespectively. Retinoblastoma was the second commonest tumour atAKTH constituting 14.9% of all malignancies followed by nephroblastomaand acute leukemias. In contrast, acute leukemias were the second commonest malignancy at OAUTHC accounting for 12.7% of all malignancies followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. Tumoursof central nervous system were observed to be commoner at AKTH, while bone tumours were commoner at OAUTHC.Conclusion: The pattern of childhood cancer varies rather little betweendifferent regions in Nigeria, with malignant lymphomas being the most common as is the case in most developing countries. However, the findings in this study suggest that there is variation in prevalence of leukemia, CNS and bone tumours in northern and southern Nigeria.Key words: Childhood, malignant tumours, pattern, teaching hospitals,Nigeria
Effectiveness of a 6-dose regimen of Artemether-Lumefantrine for unsupervised treatment of uncomplicated childhood malaria in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Meremikwu M , Odey F , Oringanje C , Oyo-Ita A , Udoh E , Eyong K , Oduwole O
Published: May 2021

Background: The six dose regimen of Artemether- Lumefantrine (AL), has high efficacy in clinical trials and is the first -line drug for treating uncomplicated malaria in Nigeria. The complex dosage schedule could militate against its effectiveness.Objective: To assess the effectiveness of AL prescribed under routineoutpatient conditions in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria.Methods: An open label, noncomparative trial to assess the effectivenessof AL in children 6 to 59 months with uncomplicated P. falciparum and parasite density between 1,000 and 250,000/ìL. Enrolled children received 6-dose course of AL (20/120mg tablets). The first dose was administered in the health facility and caregivers were instructed on how to administerthe remaining five doses at home.Results: Of the 1035 screened, 215 eligible children were enrolled and193 completed the study. Twenty two (22) patients withdrew from thestudy (18 were lost to follow-up, 3 violated protocol and 1 withdrewconsent). Adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was observed in 90.7%; late clinical failure in 7 (3.6%) and late parasitologicalfailure in 11 (5.7%).Conclusion: This study showed high efficacy of AL in treating uncomplicatedP. falciparum malaria in under-fives in Nigeria. Adherence by caregivers to the treatment regimen was quite good and so, should continue to be used in the home setting.Key words: Artemetherlumefantrine, effectiveness, adherence, uncomplicated malaria.
Autonomic manifestations of epilepsy
Authors: Asindi AA
Published: May 2021

Abstract: An epileptic fit does not only manifest as bizarre motor activity but can destabilize autonomic functions. Abnormal electrical discharge originating from the cerebral cortex can spreads to involve the autonomic system thus creating a dysfunction of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic which modulate the cardiorespiratory, digestive, genitourinary systems. The autonomic phenomenon can be encountered in simple partial, complex partial, generalised tonic-clonic, absence and generalized tonic seizures. Both the motor and the autonomic components may manifest simultaneously; at times the autonomic symptoms may precede or outlast the motor components. Autonomic features affecting the cardiopulmonary function may be life-threatening and contributes to 8-17% of deaths in individuals with epilepsy. Hypoventilation, apnoea, atrial fibrillation, sinus arrhythmias, atrial and ventricular premature depolarisations, bundle branch block and asystole are known to manifest in the peri-ictal and also in interictal phases of epilepsy. Poor control, and polytherapy in the management of patients, render some epileptics more vulnerable toexcessive excitability of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of this communication, therefore, is to alert and remind healthcare givers on the autonomic phenomena of epileptic fits some of which may result in sudden unexpected death. Clinician should always take a holistic approach in the evaluation of epilepsy patients and watch out especially for cardiorespiratory variability during and in-between attacks.Key Words: Epilepsy, Autonomic dysfunction.
Parental contribution to over prescription of antibiotics for sore throat in children
Authors: Sadoh WE , Sadoh AE , Eki-Udoko FE
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Antibiotics are often prescribed by physicians for sore throat in children because of the danger of post streptococcal complications. The role of the parents in over prescription of antibiotics is less well known.Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of parents to antibiotic prescription for childhood sore throat.Methods: The subjects were parents who brought their children to the out-patient clinics of a tertiary hospital. Their knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotics prescription for sore throat in children were evaluated with the aid of a questionnaire. Responses were analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 20.0. The responses were presented in simple percentages while differences in proportions were tested with χ2 test.Results: There were 309 respondents studied, of which 264 (85.4%) were mothers. Respondents were aged 20 to 64 years. While 54.0% of respondents believed sore throat may resolve without antibiotics, 69.4% also felt that every child with sore throat should receive antibiotics. Some 57.2% of respondents will request for antibiotic. More respondents with secondary (59.0%) and tertiary (56.6%) levels of education compared to primary (20.6%) level would not request for antibiotics, P = <0.001. 42% will not be satisfied with a physician who does not prescribe antibiotics.Conclusion: This study demonstrated parental irrational demand for antibiotic for sore throat in children. This attitude was more in less educated parents. Education of the parents about the aetiology and rational antibiotic use of sore throat in children will mitigate this behavior.Keywords: Sore throat; antibiotic over prescription; knowledge; attitude, parents
A prospective study of childhood malignancy in Enugu, Eastern Nigeria (2011-2013)
Authors: Chukwu BF , Ezenwosu OU , Ikefuna AN , Emodi IJ
Published: May 2021

Background: The review of childhood cancers has most times been done in retrospect by most authors and this has its inherent limitations. Most reviews in Africa show that lymphomas are the commonest malignancies of childhood while acute leukemia ranks much lower.Objective: To do a prospective audit of the pattern of childhood malignancies in Enugu, southeast, Nigeria.Methods: Demographic and medical information on patients aged 1 -17 years admitted over a 36 month period for malignancies was obtained and recorded in pretested interviewed administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using spss, 15 (Chicago II, USA) software.Results: A total of 103 patients were admitted with diagnosis of cancer with a male: female ratio of 1.3: 1 and median age of 7 years. Majority (63.1%) of patients were from the rural area with low socioeconomic background. There was a decline in the incidence of childhood lymphoma from 40% about 25 years ago to 34% in the present study. Although lymphoma remains the leading childhood malignancy, sarcomas and acute leukemia rather than renal and eye tumors ranked second and third respectively among childhood cancers in the center.Conclusion: There is a reversing trend in the pattern of malignancies of childhood in Enugu as acute leukemia becomes one of the leading malignancies of children.Key words: childhood, malignancy, lymphomas, leukaemia