bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF POSTOPERATIVE AIRWAY RELATED ADVERSE EFFECTS BY USING INTRACUFF DEXAMETHASONE VERSUS INTRACUFF ALKALINISED LIGNOCAINE - RANDOMISED DOUBLE BLIND CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept. Of Anaesthesiology, BVDUMC, Pune., Sowmya V.V.N , Swami Sarita ,   Professor, Dept. Of Anaesthesiology, BVDUMC, Pune., Nilesh Patil Kalyani ,   Professor, Dept. Of Anaesthesiology, BVDUMC, Pune.
Published: October 2024

Background Securing airway with ETT is the gold standard for General anesthesia(GA).This method confers the protection of airway from aspiration of gastric contents and facilitates positive pressure ventilation. However, post-intubation airway-related adverse effects are known to be caused by endotracheal intubation like postoperative coughing on the tube, restlessness, hoarseness and sore throat. Therefore this study was undertaken to reduce post intubation complications. ObjectiveThestudy was conducted to compare intracuff dexamethasone and intracuff alkalinised lignocaine with respect to postoperative cough, hoarseness and sore throat scores. Methods A randomized double blind study was conducted in 200 patients of ASA I,II,III and age between 18 to 60 yrs undergoing surgeries under GA for more than 2 hours, Patients who need nasogastric tube or throat pack were excluded from study. A computer generated randomisation with double blind technique was used to distribute them into Group L and Group D 100 each. In Group L, ETT cuff was inflated with 2ml of 2% lignocaine +2-3ml of 7.5% Sodium bicarbonate and in Group D cuff was inflated with 2ml of dexamethasone + 2-3ml of Normal saline. Intracuff pressure was monitored throughout the surgery and was maintained below 28 cm H2O. ResultsThe severity of cough and hoarseness was found higher in group D at 2 hours which was statistically significant (P< 0.05). However, there was no significant difference at 8hrs,16hrs and 24hrs in both the groups. Conclusion We conclude that post operative airway related adverse effects are less when cuff was inflated with alkalinized lignocaine as compared to dexamethasone as liquid media.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HARDNESS AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS AFTER DIFFERENT COOLING PROCEDURES OF HEAT CURE DENTURE BASE MATERIALS
Authors: Akhila P. , Ravi Shankar Y. , Deepthi Penusha , Shameen Kumar P. , Hima Bindu R. , Vasudha K.
Published: October 2024

Aim: To evaluate the influence of different cooling procedures on mechanical properties of DPI & LUCITONE heat cure poly methyl methacrylate denturebase materials before andafter 1year of brushing simulation. Materials And Methods: A total of 100 specimens were prepared using two heat cure denture base materials i.e, DPI and LUCITONE. The specimens in each group were subdivided into five groups (n=10 ) based on the cooling procedure followed: A: Flask remains in water bath till room temperature B: Remove flask from water bath, bench cool for 30min and then cool under running water for 15min C: Remove flask from water bath, bench cool for 10min and then cool under running water for 15min D: Remove flask from water bath and bench cool till room temperature E: Remove the flask from water bath and cool under running water for 15 minutes.After finishing and polishing, samples were placed in a brushing machine to simulate one year of mechanical cleansing. The specimens were tested for surface roughness with profilometer and hardness with Vickers hardness tester before and after brushing. Results were statistically analysed by two and one- way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) plus Tukey post hoc tests. Results: Specimens with type C(Remove flask from water bath, bench cool for 10min and then cool under running water for 15min)cooling procedures have high hardness values, among whichLucitone showed better properties. Surface roughness did not show significant changes among different groups. Brushing did not significantly affect surface roughness and hardness of denture base materials. Conclusion: Two of the treatments tested, Treatment C: bench-cooling for 10 min and cooling under running water for 15min and Treatment A: cooling in water-bath till room temperature provided the highest hardness values.
Relationship Between Parental Psychological Control and Interpersonal Problems Perceived by College-aged Children: Sequential Mediating Effect of Socially-imposed Perfectionism and Self-Compassion
Authors: Yim Eun-Lan , Song Ji-Sook
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the sequential mediating effects of socially prescribed perfectionism and self-compassion on the relationship between parental psychological control and interpersonal problems among college students. Methods: To achieve this, an online self-report survey was conducted with 320 male and female college students from universities located in Seoul and the surrounding metropolitan area. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 and PROCESS Macro 4.2 for SPSS. Results: The main findings of this study are as follows. First, correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between parental psychological control, interpersonal problems, and socially prescribed perfectionism; while significant negative correlations were found between these three variables and self-compassion. Second, the sequential mediating effects of socially prescribed perfectionism and self-compassion on the relationship between parental psychological control and interpersonal problems, as perceived by college students, were found to be significant. Conclusions: The study suggests implications for parental coaching, family counseling, and intervention strategies aimed at addressing interpersonal issues among college students.
The impact of auditor attributes and firm size on financial reporting timeliness of listed firms
Authors: Onatuyeh Edwin , Aniefor Sunday , Orife Catherine , Ogbolu Lucky , Osevwe-Okoroyibo Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

This empirical study examines the impact of auditor attributes and firm size on financial reporting timeliness among listed firms in Nigeria. The study employs an ex-post facto type of research, with a quantitative design covering a ten-year period (2013–2022). The sample size comprises sixty-six (66) non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). Based on data extracted from the audited annual reports of the sampled sixty-six firms, the robust regression model results reveal that joint audits contributed considerably to shorter financial reporting lags, underscoring the value of collaborative audit efforts in streamlining the audit process. Audit fees maintained a positive significant effect on the reporting lag of listed Nigerian firms. However, audit switch, client firm size, audit opinion, and audit firm size all maintained insignificant effects on the financial reporting timeliness of the Nigerian listed firms investigated. Therefore, the study recommends that listed firms should rather opt for affordable joint audits due to their efficiency in streamlining the audit process. Equally, the study recommends that listed firms should maintain long-term relationships with auditors to leverage increased familiarity, yet remain cautious of likely complacency and breach of auditing ethical guidelines that can arise from prolonged engagements.
The phytochemical composition of Kuzbass medicinal plants studied by spectrophotometry and chromatography
Authors: Velichkovich Natalia , Dunchenko Nina , Stepanova Anna , Kozlova Oksana , Faskhutdinova Elizaveta , Yustratov Vladimir , Luzyanin Sergey
Published: October 2024

Flavonoids are plant polyphenols that exhibit biological activity with antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic effects. The medicinal plants of Kuzbass have high contents of flavonoids and other polyphenolic compounds. Therefore, they can be used in medicinal preparations to prevent or treat serious diseases.
We studied the following plants collected in Kuzbass: common thyme (Thymus vulgaris Linn., leaves and stems), woolly burdock (Arctium tomentosum Mill., roots), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., leaves and stems), common lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis L., leaves and stems), common yarrow (Achillea millefolium L., leaves and stems), red clover (Trifolium pratense L., leaves and stems), common ginseng (Panax ginseng, roots), sweetvetch (Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb., roots), and cow parsnip (Heracleum sibiricum L., inflorescences, leaves, and stems). To extract flavonoids, we used ethanol at concentrations of 40, 55, 60, 70, and 75%. Spectrophotometry was used to determine total flavonoids, while high-performance liquid chromatography was employed to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the extracts.
The highest yield of flavonoids was found in H. sibiricum leaves (at all concentrations except 70%), followed by the 55% and 70% ethanol extracts of T. vulgaris leaves and stems, as well as the 75% ethanol extract of A. millefolium leaves and stems. Thus, these plants have the greatest potential in being used in medicines. High-performance liquid chromatography showed the highest contents of polyphenolic compounds in the samples of P. officinalis, A. millefolium, T. vulgaris, and T. pratense.
Our results can be used in further research to produce new medicinal preparations based on the medicinal plants of Kuzbass.
Institute of forensic activity in Russia: Genesis and formation
Authors:   Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Dronova Olga B. , Sidorenko Dmitry N. ,   Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The process of disclosing and investigating crimes provides for the need for a full-fledged forensic expert support in order to provide the subjects of the investigation with the necessary information and evidence in a comprehensive manner. The modern functional approach to the organization of forensic activities provides for the implementation of a comprehensive support work of the relevant independent units aimed at the production of forensic examinations and technical and forensic support for the detection, disclosure and investigation of crimes and other processes of countering illegal activities, implemented on the instructions of the initiators. This approach was formed considering the transformation of the political, economic and social situation in Russia, the progressive development of scientific directions, as well as changes in the needs of expert and forensic support of operational search and criminal procedural activities. The historical and legal study of the key directions of the formation of the institution of forensic activity made it possible to identify five main stages in the development of the technical, scientific and methodological foundations for the subjects of the application of special knowledge to support the processes associated with the disclosure and investigation of crimes. The genesis of the development of the institution of forensic support of the disclosure and investigation of crimes is considered considering the ideological, legal and social foundations of society corresponding to each time period, the specifics of introducing the achievements of domestic and foreign science into this activity. The findings made it possible to clearly demonstrate the evolution of the expansion of the competencies of subjects providing technical, forensic and forensic activities. They are largely due to the transformation of the tasks and functions of specialized units, changes in approaches to their direct structural subordination, the establishment of procedures for control over the activities of forensic units, the peculiarities of organizing interaction with other law enforcement agencies.
Educação Permanente em Parada Cardiorrespiratória: uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Cunha Ana Letícia Proença , Ribeiro Mario Luiz Jacobino , Santos Margarida Maria Donato dos , Silva Thiago Augusto Soares Monteiro da , Rodrigues Lilia Marques Simões , Carreiro Mônica de Almeida
Published: October 2024

O objetivo desta revisão é identificar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre estratégias metodológicas adotadas em ações de educação permanente em Parada Cardiorrespiratória (PCR) mais eficazes, nos ambientes de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Adotou-se a seguinte questão norteadora:’’ Quais estratégias metodológicas de educação permanente em PCR estão sendo adotadas como mais eficazes, nos ambientes de UTI?’’ Optou – se por utilizar o método de Revisão Integrativa através da construção de análise constituída a partir de seis etapas. A busca das publicações indexadas foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas Google Academico, LILACS e SciELO, no período de 2010 a 2023. A revisão integrativa destacou a importância da Educação Permanente em PCR para a formação e atualização dos profissionais de enfermagem. Por meio de sensibilização, capacitação e discussões contínuas, é possível melhorar a qualidade da assistência, garantir a segurança do paciente e melhorar os desfechos clínicos relacionados à PCR.
Palavras-chave: Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar; Enfermagem; Unidade de Terapia Intensiva; Educação Permanente, Suporte Avançado de Vida.
Música, Educação Permanente e Trabalho em Saúde: O que a enfermagem que atuou em tempos de Covid-19 tem a dizer?
Authors: Souza Marcone Ferreira de , Souza Ândrea Cardoso de
Published: October 2024

Os dados do recorte desta pesquisa de mestrado possibilitaram entender ao questionamento sobre os benefícios da música terapêutica como ferramenta de cuidado de si e educação permanente em saúde para a equipe de enfermagem que atuou durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Esse período histórico ocasionou sintomas de estresse agudo e ansiedade, e exigiu recursos humanos que pudessem aliviar essas tensões. Objetivo geral: compreender como a música contribuiu para o cuidado de si das equipes de enfermagem que atenderam aos pacientes com Covid-19 na pandemia, e como pode ser utilizada como uma ferramenta da educação permanente em saúde (EPS). Pesquisa narrativa de abordagem qualitativa, com 7 enfermeiros e 9 técnicos de enfermagem, durante a performance com uma orquestra de cordas, em um concerto musical realizado na unidade de trabalho e materializado em um roteiro de entrevistas com onze perguntas transcritas e analisados em categorias temáticas conforme Bardin. Os resultados apontaram que a música foi capaz de proporcionar alívio emocional, autocuidado, facilitação da comunicação e empatia e integração na educação permanente em saúde. A música como tecnologia leve, foi utilizada com fins de produção de cuidado, acolhimento, promoção de bem-estar e propagadora de sentimentos de esperança, ofertada aos trabalhadores em situação de fragilidades. Espera-se que os achados da pesquisa contribuam para a conscientização do cuidado de si e EPS da equipe de enfermagem, e incrementados nos programas que assegurem a prática da música terapêutica em ambientes hospitalares.
Palavras chave: Música Terapêutica; Cuidado de Si; Equipe de Enfermagem; Acolhimento;  Covid-19.
Depressão pós-parto e suas implicações para o desmame precoce: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: De Paula Tamires Oliveira , Gomes Elisângela do Nascimento Fernandes , Silva Jannaína Sther Leite Godinho da , Ricci Adiel Queiroz , Lima Thainá Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A depressão pós-parto causa severa desestabilidade emocional, sentimentos de ansiedade, irritabilidade, manifestações emocionais de fragilidade, entre outros. Em virtude da sua sintomatologia, há a possibilidade de esse quadro influenciar diretamente na relação do binômio mãe e filho, favorecendo a ocorrência de eventos de sofrimento para ambos, inclusive na prática de uma amamentação insuficiente, incorreta ou interrompida precocemente. Objetivos: Analisar como a depressão pós-parto pode impactar para o desmame precoce; descrever a atuação do enfermeiro no puerpério com ênfase na escuta ativa; identificar as intervenções para a puérpera acometida pela depressão pós-parto; propor estratégias de incentivo ao aleitamento materno. Materiais e métodos: Estudo de revisão bibliográfica de caráter integrativo, com aspectos qualitativos exploratórios. Realizou-se uma busca pelos artigos nas seguintes bases de dados: Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica e Scientific Eletronic Library Online, com os seguintes descritores: “Saúde mental”, “Enfermagem”, “Depressão pós-parto”, “Desmame”, “Puerpério”. Resultados: Foram encontrados 345 artigos. Após leitura na íntegra, totalizaram no final 8 artigos selecionados. Discussão: O desmame precoce, os acontecimentos negativos e inesperados durante a amamentação, as alterações no sono do bebê, a repugnância e dor intensa à durante o aleitamento estão associadas ao risco do progresso da DPP. Considerações finais: O estudo evidenciou que fatores biopsicossociais e socioeconômicos se relacionam com a DPP e influenciam para o seu aparecimento, por mais que os autores não declaram com nitidez e transparência a relação causa-efeito do transtorno com o desmame precoce.
Palavras-Chave: Depressão Pós-Parto; Saúde mental; Desmame Precoce; Enfermagem.
Regulation of Curcumin on Follicle Initiation Rate in Diminished Ovarian Reserve
Authors: Li Wanjing , Xu Jinbang , Wang Jingyi , Zhang Junxin , Deng Disi
Published: October 2024

Aim:

To study the mechanism by which curcumin regulates ovarian primordial follicle
initiation in rats with triptolide-induced diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods:

An in vitro gelatin sponge culture was performed on 3-day-old rat ovaries. After the
establishment of the DOR model with triptolide, curcumin was administered for 3 days. Histological
analysis and follicle counts were performed using H&E staining. ELISA detection of
ovarian hormones in the culture medium (E2, FSH and LH), western blotting and Q-PCR for protein
and mRNA expression (LTCONS-00011173, TGF-β1, Smad1, AMH, PTEN and GDF-9).

Results:

Ovarian primordial and growing follicles increased significantly after curcumin intervention
(p < 0.05), FSH/LH and E2 levels were increased significantly (p < 0.05). Curcumin also
significantly decreased the expression of LTCONS-00011173. Meanwhile, curcumin increased
the expression of TGF-β, AMH, and GDF-9 (p < 0.05). In addition, curcumin increased Smad1
gene expression and protein phosphorylation in the ovary on the one hand (p < 0.05), but inhibited
Smad1 and p-Smad1 protein expression on the other hand (p < 0.05). Moreover, curcumin decreased
PTEN protein and mRNA expression (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Curcumin activates primordial follicles in DOR model rats through TGF-β1 and
downstream AMH signaling pathways and may limit follicle exhaustion through LncRNA.
In silico-driven identification of Pranlukast as a Stabilizer of PD-L1 Homodimers
Authors: Cordova-Bahena Luis , Landero-Marin Carlos , Flores-Hernandez Xcaret , Alvarez-Coronel Leonardo Daniel , Jimenez-Uribe Alexis Paulina , Salinas-Jazmin Nohemi , An Zhiqiang , Velasco-Velazquez Marco
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)
are critical immune checkpoints in cancer biology. Multiple small-molecule drugs have been developed as inhibitors
of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Those drugs promote the formation of PD-L1 homodimers, causing their stabilization,
internalization, and subsequent degradation. Drug repurposing is a strategy that expedites the clinical translation
by identifying new effects of drugs with clinical use. Herein, we aimed to repurpose drugs as inductors of
PD-L1 homodimerization and, therefore, as potential inhibitors of PD-L1.

Methods:

We generated a hybrid pharmacophore model by analyzing the structures of reported ligands that induce
PD-L1 homodimerization and their target-binding mode. Pharmacophore-matching compounds were selected
from a chemical library of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. Their binding modes to PDL1
homodimers were assessed by molecular docking and the stability of the complexes and the corresponding
binding energies were evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Finally, the activity of one drug as
promoter of PD-L1 homodimerization was assessed in protein crosslinking assays.

Results:

We identified 12 pharmacophore-matching compounds, but only 4 reproduced the binding mode of the
reference inhibitors. Further characterization by MD showed that pranlukast, an antagonist of leukotriene receptors
that is used to treat asthma, generated stable and energy-favorable interactions with PD-L1 homodimers and
induced homodimerization of recombinant PD-L1.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that pranlukast inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, meriting its repurposing as an
antitumor drug.
Molecular Activities and Mechanisms of Action of Substances and Molecules from Medicinal Plants from Sub-Saharan Africa on Prostate and Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Coulibaly Liz Laetitia , Bayala Bagora , Simpore Jacques
Published: October 2024

Background:

Despite years of medical research, cancer remains a major public health problem worldwide,
particularly in Africa. The cost, duration, and toxicity of currently available treatments are all drawbacks.
Plant secondary metabolites are significant anticancer compounds. Already used in traditional health systems,
plants are currently the subject of numerous studies to discover new anti-cancer drugs.

Objective:

This review assesses the literature on the cytotoxic effect of plant substances (extracts) and molecules
on prostate and cervical cancer cell lines.

Methods:

PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to find in vitro studies carried out between
2006 and 2023 related to the cytotoxicity of extracts, substances and/or molecules from plants harvested in sub-
Saharan Africa against prostate and/or cervical cancer cell lines.

Results:

A total of 36 reports on the cytotoxic potential of 96 medicinal plants from sub-Saharan Africa were
extracted from the selected databases. All the plants listed had a cytotoxic effect on prostate and/or cervical cancer
cells. Some plant extracts or molecules showed significant activity with an IC50< 20 μg/ml. Burkina Faso and
South Africa had the most plant extracts tested for prostate and cervical cancer, respectively.

Conclusion:

A total of 36 reports on the cytotoxic potential of 96 medicinal plants from sub-Saharan Africa were
extracted from the selected databases.
Analyzing Healthcare Data to Identify Anomalies and Correlations
Authors: A Veena , S Gowrishankar
Published: October 2024

Wearable devices focused on fitness, safety, and data monitoring have
become increasingly common. It is not surprising, given that a sedentary lifestyle can
lead to various health issues such as weight gain, chronic and acute illnesses, and
reduced productivity in daily life. Researchers from both business and academic
settings have delved deeply into monitoring fitness, examining aspects like sleep
patterns, cardiac health, activity levels, overall well-being, and recovery from illness.
They employ a range of techniques including deep learning, machine learning, and
statistical methods to analyze the data collected by these wearables. This study aims to
gather data from Fitbit Inspire HR and Fitbit Versa using the Fitbit API and to
investigate any anomalies, trends, and correlations within the collected healthcare data.
The data is classified using the K-means algorithm based on various parameters of the
Fitbit healthcare data.
Revisión narrativa de la evidencia de investigación de la emoción sobre la memoria
Authors: Acosta Echavarria Alvaro Alejandro , Amézquita Londoño Jainer Alberto
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La investigación sobre los conceptos de emoción y memoria sucede en múltiples líneas, interesa a esta revisión narrativa específicamente analizar la literatura disponible sobre la influencia de las emociones en la memoria de trabajo (MT) dada la evidencia contradictoria que indican efectos facilitadores y obstaculizadores de las emociones sobre el rendimiento de la MT. Metodología: se utilizó para esta revisión de la literatura, las bases de datos  Scopus, Science Direct y PubMed,  los criterios de selección fueron artículos con énfasis en el efecto de las valencias emocionales sobre la MT, con diseño experimental de los últimos 10 años. Se hallaron 96 artículos y luego de eliminar duplicados se establece una muestra final de 12 artículos para el análisis crítico. Resultados: Los estudios experimentales revisados indican una predominancia del paradigma de tareas N-back con inclusión de imágenes afectivas para el efecto emocional, persisten las contradicciones en la evidencia de los efectos que tienen las emociones sobre la MT, algunos estudios reportan efectos de incremento del desempeño y en otros lo contrario. Conclusiones: En general, el efecto de las emociones en la MT parece estar relacionados en la forma en que como estas se miden y bajo que paradigma se sustentan.
Life cycle management of critical refurbishable parts of ship equipment
Authors: Leont’ev L. B. , Leont’ev A. L.
Published: October 2024

To ensure the product life cycle (PLC), foreign and domestic information technologies have been developed that mainly ensure the stages of design and manufacture of products, but they do not allow for automation of the design of technologies for restoration and strengthening of parts. The relevance of restoration of critical parts of ship equipment is due to dependence on foreign supplies of equipment and spare parts (SP), as well as sanctions from unfriendly states, which complicated the acquisition of SP, and the need for import independence arose. The paper shows that life cycle management of a restored part has a significant impact on the efficiency of marine fleet operation, and provides stages and main sub-stages of the life cycle of restored parts of ship equipment. Restoration of parts is considered appropriate if the required durability and savings are ensured compared to manufacturing or purchasing a new part. The concept of life cycle management of restored parts is provided. Life cycle management of restored parts includes planning, control and management of all stages, as well as decision-making to ensure the durability of the part through the use of advanced materials and coating formation technologies. The stage of the life cycle of the restored part, determining the service life of the part, the economic efficiency of its restoration and subsequent operation, is the technological process that ensures the optimal chemical composition, mechanical and structural parameters of the coating. All the properties of the restored part are laid down at the stage of designing the technological process. The prospects of using the life cycle management of the restored part are shown using the example of restoring precision parts of the fuel equipment of marine diesel engines. The use of various technologies for the same type of restored precision parts allows obtaining coatings with different chemical composition, mechanical properties, structure and, accordingly, different values of durability and cost price to ensure the specified service life of the tribological unit at an acceptable price.
The effect of the design angle of the turbine nozzle outlet of the piston engine boost system on its effectiveness
Authors: Passar A. V. , Timoshenko D. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the actual problem of insufficient energy efficiency of combined internal combustion engines. One of the directions of its solution, which became the goal of this work, is a reasonable choice of the optimal value of the design angle of installation of nozzles in a radial-axial turbine, taking into account both its effective power and the coefficient of completeness of using the supplied pulse energy. The authors applied a closed-loop model of the combined engine, embedded in a new calculation method, which was divided into conditional blocks. In the first block, the method of indefinite Lagrange multipliers calculates the optimal values of the turbine elements in which the gas moves. In the second block, for a preliminary assessment of the calculated geometrical parameters of the flow path, the turbine characteristics are calculated: an assumption is made about the one-dimensionality and quasi-stationary flow. For calculations, a method for calculating the parameters of a stage at an average radius was used, supplemented by a semi-empirical method for calculating gas energy losses during the movement of the latter from the turbine inlet to the outlet section. In the third block, the efficiency of the turbine was estimated when working together with a piston engine by using a closed model for it. This made it possible to objectively evaluate such characteristics of the turbine as efficiency and power, which are functionally related to the pressure pulse in the exhaust tract, which will make it possible to predict the operational characteristics of the turbine operating in conjunction with the combined engine.
Determining the most rational method of automooring vessels in a navigation lock chamber
Authors: Ksenofontov N. M. , Dekelman G. P. , Ol’khovik E. Ye.
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of a study to determine the most rational method of automatic mooring of vessels in a navigation lock chamber. The relevance of the study is due to updated regulatory requirements in the field of designing the specified shipping hydraulic structures, the need to improve the efficiency and safety of navigation, including ensuring the passage of unmanned vessels, as well as the lack of ready-made technical solutions for their installation on the structures in question. To solve this problem, the authors of the study used the method of expert assessments, which allows taking into account the opinions and experience of specialists in the field of shipping, which ensures a more objective and reasonable choice of the most rational method of automatic mooring. As a method of expert assessment, taking into account the issues under consideration, the method of point assessments was chosen. For this purpose, during the study, a survey was conducted among the involved experts, during which each of them gave his intuitionistic assessment. In this study, vacuum, electromagnetic and lever-andhinge devices are considered as methods of automatic mooring. The criteria considered include, among other things, the need to reconstruct the lock chamber, environmental friendliness, the ability to hold the vessel, the complexity of the device, and reliability indicators. As a result of collecting and processing the obtained data, it was found that the most preferable method of auto-mooring of vessels in the lock chamber is a vacuum device. The results obtained indicate the feasibility of developing and implementing vacuum auto-mooring devices on shipping hydraulic structures. The results of the study are of practical interest to specialists in the field of shipping and can be used in the design and reconstruction of navigation locks.
Optimizing faculty resource allocation in higher education: A mathematical model for strategic planning
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafar Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia, Alnaji Lulah , Alsager Saleh Mufleh ,   Department of Agriculture Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Aymen Ochi ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafar Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces a new mathematical model aimed at improving how faculty resources are allocated in higher education institutions. The model takes into account the complexities of student enrollment, teaching quality, and program offerings. It provides a structured method to estimate faculty needs, including both Ph.D. holders teaching core courses and teaching assistants or lecturers managing practical courses, labs, and related tasks. By considering factors such as class sizes, faculty workloads, and student enrollment patterns, the model offers useful insights for academic planning. Two case studies from Hafr Al Batin University illustrate the model's practical value and flexibility. These examples show how the model can support informed decision-making, helping to maintain a balance between student numbers and teaching quality. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of data-driven planning in the changing field of higher education, suggesting future research directions, and positioning the model as a key tool for improving the management and administration of higher education. The main goal is to ensure a high-quality education for students while making efficient use of resources.
Tracking Upper Limb Motion via Wearable Solutions: Systematic Review of Research From 2011 to 2023
Authors: Karoulla Eirini , Matsangidou Maria , Frangoudes Fotos , Paspalides Panayiotis , Neokleous Kleanthis , Pattichis Constantinos S
Published: October 2024

Background

The development of wearable solutions for tracking upper limb motion has gained research interest over the past decade. This paper provides a systematic review of related research on the type, feasibility, signal processing techniques, and feedback of wearable systems for tracking upper limb motion, mostly in rehabilitation applications, to understand and monitor human movement.

Objective

The aim of this article is to investigate how wearables are used to capture upper limb functions, especially related to clinical and rehabilitation applications.

Methods

A systematic literature search identified 27 relevant studies published in English from 2011 to 2023, across 4 databases: ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. We included papers focusing on motion or posture tracking for the upper limbs, wearable devices, feedback given to end users, and systems having clinical or rehabilitation purposes. We excluded papers focusing on exoskeletons, robotics, prosthetics, orthoses, or activity recognition systems; reviews; and books.

Results

The results from this research focus on wearable devices that are designed to monitor upper limb movement. More specifically, studies were divided into 2 distinct categories: clinical motion tracking (15/27, 56%) and rehabilitation (12/27, 44%), involving healthy individuals and patients, with a total of 439 participants. Among the 27 studies, the majority (19/27) used inertial measurement units to track upper limb movement or smart textiles embedded with sensors. These devices were attached to the body with straps (mostly Velcro), providing flexibility and stability. The developed wearable devices positively influenced user motivation through the provided feedback, with visual feedback being the most common owing to the high level of independence provided. Moreover, a variety of signal processing techniques, such as Kalman and Butterworth filters, were applied to ensure data accuracy. However, limitations persist and include sensor positioning, calibration, and battery life, as well as a lack of clinical data on the effectiveness of these systems. The sampling rate of the data collection ranged from 50 Hz to 2000 Hz, which notably affected data quality and battery life. In addition, several findings were inconclusive, and thus, further future research is needed to understand and improve upper limb posture to develop progressive wearable systems.

Conclusions

This paper offers a comprehensive overview of wearable monitoring systems, with a focus on upper limb motion tracking and rehabilitation. It emphasizes the various types of available solutions; their efficacy, wearability, and feasibility; and proposed processing techniques. Finally, it presents robust findings regarding feedback accuracy derived from experiments and outlines potential future research directions.
Internet-Based Abnormal Chromosomal Diagnosis During Pregnancy Using a Noninvasive Innovative Approach to Detecting Chromosomal Abnormalities in the Fetus: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo Sr , Ohwin Ejiro Peggy , Rotu Rume Arientare , Olowe Temitope Gideon
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Chromosomal abnormalities are genetic disorders caused by chromosome errors, leading to developmental delays, birth defects, and miscarriages. Currently, invasive procedures such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling are mostly used, which carry a risk of miscarriage. This has led to the need for a noninvasive and innovative approach to detect and prevent chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to describe and appraise the potential of internet-based abnormal chromosomal preventive measures as a noninvasive approach to detecting and preventing chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy.

METHODS

A thorough review of existing literature and research on chromosomal abnormalities and noninvasive approaches to prenatal diagnosis and therapy was conducted. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, OVID MEDLINE, OVID PsycINFO, Scopus, ACM, and IEEE Xplore were searched for relevant studies and articles published in the last 5 years. The keywords used included chromosomal abnormalities, prenatal diagnosis, noninvasive, and internet-based, and diagnosis.

RESULTS

The review of literature revealed that internet-based abnormal chromosomal diagnosis is a potential noninvasive approach to detecting and preventing chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy. This innovative approach involves the use of advanced technology, including high-resolution ultrasound, cell-free DNA testing, and bioinformatics, to analyze fetal DNA from maternal blood samples. It allows early detection of chromosomal abnormalities, enabling timely interventions and treatment to prevent adverse outcomes. Furthermore, with the advancement of technology, internet-based abnormal chromosomal diagnosis has emerged as a safe alternative with benefits including its cost-effectiveness, increased accessibility and convenience, potential for earlier detection and intervention, and ethical considerations.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet-based abnormal chromosomal diagnosis has the potential to revolutionize prenatal care by offering a safe and noninvasive alternative to invasive procedures. It has the potential to improve the detection of chromosomal abnormalities, leading to better pregnancy outcomes and reduced risk of miscarriage. Further research and development in this field is needed to make this approach more accessible and affordable for pregnant women.
Multidisciplinary Home-Based Rehabilitation Program for Individuals With Disabilities: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Barría Patricio , Andrade Asterio , Gomez-Vargas Daniel , Yelincic Alejandro , Roberti Flavio , Bahamonde Eduardo , Aguilar Rolando , Cordova Bessie
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Disability affects a significant portion of the global population nowadays, necessitating innovative approaches to access rehabilitation processes. Home-based rehabilitation has emerged as a beneficial approach, offering comfort and context-specific therapy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary home-based rehabilitation program for individuals with moderate neuromusculoskeletal disabilities in terms of motor function and mood.

METHODS

A total of 270 participants with median age of 66 (IQR 20-98) years were recruited from the National Disability Registry of Chile. The intervention involved a multidisciplinary team composed of 49 health care professionals providing personalized treatment plans over 4 months (32 sessions for physical therapy, 8 sessions for occupational therapy, 4 sessions for nutrition, 8 sessions for psychology, and 4 sessions for nursing and podiatry). This program also included 2 medical evaluations (at the beginning and the end) to monitor clinical progress in terms of motor function and mental health, using the Berg Balance Scale and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively.

RESULTS

The home-based rehabilitation program showed significant improvements (P<.001) in motor function and balance with a reduction in fall risk. Specifically, the Berg Balance Scale score decreased close to 15% after the home-based rehabilitation program for all enrolled participants. On the other hand, depression levels showed no significant changes (P=.27), with percentages of variation less than 8% between the 2 assessed conditions. In this sense, participants remained with the same mild depression level (14 of 63) concerning the Beck Depression Inventory score.

CONCLUSIONS

This study concludes that personalized home-based rehabilitation programs are effective in enhancing motor function and balance, particularly in individuals with neurological conditions. On the other hand, the findings in terms of mood advocate for further exploration of psychological support within such programs to enhance overall patient well-being.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06537791; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06537791
Healthcare Access and Subjective Well-being at High Altitudes: Evidence from Tibet, China (Preprint)
Authors: Li Chaofan , Wu Xiaoyan , Lacuo Yongzhu , Lu Liyong , Chen Gang , Dawa Zhaxi , Li Shunping
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Achieving universal access to healthcare is a specific target of Sustainable Development Goals 3 which seeks to promote health and well-being for all. However, the SWB in Tibet and its relationship with healthcare access are inadequately understood.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the magnitude of subjective well-being (SWB) and examine the its relationship with healthcare access in Tibet, China.

METHODS

Data was obtained from the 2018 Sixth National Health Service Survey in Tibet. The SWB was measured using a revised version of Personal Well-Being Index (PWI), and healthcare access was assessed using geographical accessibility, affordability, and availability. Descriptive statistics were used to summary the basic characteristic of respondents. After controlling for sex, age, marital status, occupation, education, household income per capita and chronic disease, multiple regression model was used to examine the relationship between SWB and healthcare access.

RESULTS

The PWI score among the 2113 respondents in 2018 was 69.04 (SD=14.97) and the overall life satisfaction was 7.00 (SD=2.04). After adjusting for control variables, the residents with good geographical accessibility reported higher SWB (β= 2.90, 95% CI: 1.32–4.47). Basic and supplementary health insurance coverage showed no significant association with SWB. Regarding availability, the number of physicians per 1,000 populations was significantly positively correlated with SWB (β=2.38, 95% CI: 1.00–3.76).

CONCLUSIONS

The SWB in Tibet fell in normative range of China and good healthcare access could promote SWB. Future research should delve into potential mechanisms between access to healthcare and SWB.
African American Patients' Perspectives on Determinants of Hemodialysis Adherence and Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Hemodialysis Adherence
Authors: Bonnet Kemberlee , Bergner Erin M. , Ma Melissa , Taylor Kathryn , Desantis Emily , Pena Maria A. , Henry-Okafor Queen , Liddell Toddra , Nair Devika , Fissell Rachel , Iwelunmor Juliet , Airhihenbuwa Collins , Merighi Joseph , Resnicow Kenneth , Wolever Ruth Q. , Cavanaugh Kerri L. , Schlundt David , Umeukeje Ebele M.
Published: October 2024

Key Points

African American patients have unique insights on hemodialysis adherence and use of motivational interviewing to promote adherence.

Key themes were mental health issues; historical mistrust; social determinants of health; and importance of provider cultural competence.

Themes led to a novel conceptual model, which will inform the design of a motivational interviewing-based protocol to improve adherence.

Background

Compared with White patients, African American (AA) patients have a four-fold higher prevalence of kidney failure and higher hemodialysis nonadherence. Adherence behaviors are influenced by psychosocial factors, including personal meaning of a behavior and self-confidence to enact it. We assessed perspectives of AA hemodialysis patients on unique factors affecting dialysis adherence, and use of motivational interviewing (MI), an evidence-based intervention, to improve these factors, dialysis adherence, and outcomes in AAs.

Methods

Self-identified AA hemodialysis patients (N=22) watched a brief video describing MI and then completed a semistructured interview or focus group session. Interview questions explored unique barriers and facilitators of hemodialysis adherence in AAs and perceived utility of MI to address these obstacles. Verbatim transcripts and an iterative inductive/deductive approach were used to develop a hierarchical coding system. Three experienced coders independently coded the same two transcripts. Coding was compared, and discrepancies were reconciled by a fourth coder or consensus. Transcripts, quotations, and codes were managed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and SPSS version 28.0.

Results

Themes and subthemes emerged and culminated in a novel conceptual model informed by three theoretical models of behavior change: Theory of Self-Care Management for Vulnerable Populations; Social Cognitive Theory; and Self Determination Theory. This conceptual model will inform the design of a culturally tailored, MI-based intervention to improve dialysis adherence in AAs.

Conclusions

Integrating AA hemodialysis patient perspectives is critical for enhancing dialysis care delivery and the design of effective interventions such as MI to improve dialysis adherence in AA and promote kidney health equity. AA hemodialysis patients view MI as a tool to clarify patient priorities, build trust, and promote patient-provider therapeutic alliance. Cultural tailoring of MI to address unique barriers of AAs with kidney failure will improve adherence and health outcomes in these vulnerable patients.
Women in Conjugality in the autobiography of Shobha De.
Authors: Pandey Dr. Prachi
Published: October 2024

The autobiography Selective Memory :Stories from my life of Shobha De that depicts not only the inner self of her behind being a public person but also the position of women with and without conjugality . She portrays the intense problems a women faces in her own marriage and outside her marriage .De writes about her problems of urban elite class in metro cities of India of which she is part of it.Her autobiography shows a true image of every Indian women whose first priority is always her family and friends and a true selfless love towards her husband and children ,it’s all about emotional appetite a women goes through in her life.
Exilio iberoamericano
Authors: Santana Adalberto , Moreno Rodríguez Laura Beatriz , López Plaza Angélica , Quero Gaime Morgan , Campos Hernández Fabián , Nájera Aurelio Martín , Guerra Vilaboy Sergio , Aguilar Casas Elsa V. , Rodríguez Bolufé Olga María , Mejía Flores José Francisco , Ibarra Guitart Jorge Renato , Suárez Díaz Ana M. , Martínez Acosta Hugo , Talancón José Luis , Massón Sena Caridad , Di Salvo Lucía , Torres Martínez Rubén , Ojeda Revah Mario , Cabrera Prieto Gerardo , Fuentes Hernández Jorge
Published: October 2024

EXILIO IBEROAMERICANO es parte de los estudios sobre este tema en los siglos XIX y XX. Los ensayos que componen la obra, realizados por investigadores de diversas nacionalidades y disciplinas, muestran la movilidad forzada de ciertos sectores de la población de diferentes países. Su aporte central radica en mirar esos desplazamientos a través de las coyunturas políticas que han afectado a distintas naciones en los ámbitos regional y mundial, y que motivaron el exilio de grupos de activistas políticos, intelectuales y científicos, así́ como la salida masiva de ciudadanos en busca de salvaguardar su vida. Un texto imprescindible para comprender las causas y efectos de este fenómeno, así́ como para evitar su repetición en el siglo XXI.