bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deglobalization, Globalization, and the Pandemic
Authors: Abdal Alexandre , Ferreira Douglas M.
Published: March 2021

This article is a theory piece focused on causal propositions codification and future trends identification, both supported by descriptive statistical data. It aims to analyze the middle-term dynamics of globalization and deglobalization due to the effects of the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis, in general, and the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular. The broader context in which such dynamics are situated are the processes of capitalist world-economy restructuring, propitiated by the crisis the U.S. hegemony, on the one hand, and by the Chinese rise, on the other. We argue that the COVID-19 pandemic tends to deepen and accelerate ongoing processes of global fragmentation, especially in the productive and commercial dimensions. From the point of view of governments, in particular the United States, there are growing protectionist and manufacturing repatriation efforts. From the point of view of large corporations, the perception of risk derived from the suspension and rupture of global production chains emerges thanks to measures to prevent infection. Somehow, governments and companies can converge on understanding the world market as a growing source of risk and decreasing advantages. The counterpoint here may be China's interest and ability to lead the fight against the pandemic and post-pandemic recovery, restructuring the global order built in the last forty years in new institutional basis and from which it has been the main beneficiary.
Pre-Emptive Decline
Authors: Denemark Robert
Published: March 2021

Why do hegemonic powers appear to have so few viable policy levers with which to cope with their fears of decline, and often adopt policies that are least well-suited, if not antithetical to the task? In this work I suggest that status threat generates a set of typical and quite maladaptive responses at both the individual/organizational level, and in the context of popular political culture, that exacerbate decline. This phenomenon, “pre-emptive decline,” is evident in both elite-driven policy and mass political responses and is reviewed here in maladaptive courses of action adopted in 19th century Britain, and in the contemporary United States.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU IBU HAMIL DAN MOTIVASI PETUGAS KESEHATAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN DALAM MENGKONSUMSI TABLET ZAT BESI DI KLINIK BERSALIN ROMANA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Barus Anita Veronika , Ambarita Bernadetta
Published: March 2021

Iron nutritional anemia may increase the risk of complications and deaths in pregnancy and childbirth in the event of excessive bleeding. Most likely the cause is pregnant women who do not consume iron tablets. Iron nutritional anemia is one of the main nutritional problems in Indonesia where the mortality rate in pregnant women is still quite high. To overcome these problems, the government implemented a program of giving iron tablets to pregnant women. Goals : This research was conducted in Romana Maternity Clinic which aims to know the relationship between pregnant women behavior and the motivation of health officer with compliance to consume iron tablets in pregnant women. Methods : The type of this research is descriptive analytic survey research using questionnaire as an interview guide. The population in this study were all pregnant women (sekundigravida and multigravida) who checked her pregnancy at Romana Maternity Clinic. The entire population becomes the object of research. Result : The results showed that 72% of obedient pregnant women consumed iron tablets and 28% did not comply. From result of data analysis using chi-square found that knowledge of pregnant mother correlated significantly with compliance to consume iron tablet, while result of exact fisher data analysis obtained by attitude of pregnant mother, pregnant woman action and motivation of health officer not related significantly with compliance consuming tablet substance iron. Conclution : It is recommended that the knowledge of the community, especially pregnant women about the importance of iron tablets is further enhanced as well as health workers to improve IEC (Communication, Information and Education) to pregnant women who check their pregnancy at puskesmas to overcome iron nutrition anemia.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU REMAJA PUTERI DALAM MENGHADAPI MENARCHE DI SMP NEGERI 1 DELI TUA TAHUN 2015
Authors: Veronika Anita
Published: March 2021

The most crucial thing during the puberty for female teenagers is having the first menstruation or menarche, it becomes the biological signs for sexual maturity. Menarche is the first menstruation for the women that can be the initial for the maturity and healthy women. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors related to female teenagers action in facing the menarche in SMP Negeri 1 Deli Tua. The study method is quantitative approach with Cross sectional method. The damples are 92 people. The results of this study are (1) there is correlation between knowledge and female teenagers action in facing menarche in SMP Negri 1 Deli Tua 2015 with p-value 0,029; (2) there is correlation between behavior and female teenagers action in facing menarche in SMP Negri 1 Deli Tua 2015 with p-value 0,012; (3) there is correlation between family support and female teenagers action in facing menarche in SMP Negri 1 Deli Tua 2015 with p-value 0,000; (4) there is correlation between peers and female teenagers action in facing menarche in SMP Negri 1 Deli Tua 2015 with p-value 0,045; (5) there is correlation between internet and female teenagers action in facing menarche in SMP Negri 1 Deli Tua 2015 with p-value 0,004; (6) the most dominant factor is family support. It is recommended to the family to give support for the female teenagers in preparing the menarche so they can have good sexual reproduction.
POLA MAKAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK ETNIS CINA DI SD SUTOMO 2 DAN ANAK ETNIS BATAK TOBA DI SD ANTONIUS MEDAN TAHUN 2014
Authors: Simamora Hetty Gustina
Published: March 2021

Pola makan yang salah dapat menyebabkan terjadinya obesitas pada anak. Anak yang obesitas berisiko menjadi obesitas di masa dewasa dan berisiko untuk terkena diabetes, hipertensi, dyslipidemia, obtructive sleeep apnea, dan osteoarthritis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola makan dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) anak etnis cina di SD Sutomo 2 dan anak etnis batak toba di SD Antonius. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi adalah seluruh anak SD Sutomo 2 dan SD Antonius. Sampel sebanyak 100 orang dimana 50 orang dari SD Sutomo 2 dan 50 orang dari SD Antonius. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan proporsional random sampling. Data pola makan diperoleh dari formulir food frequency (FFQ) dan food recall 2x24jam dan untuk data IMT/U diperoleh dari pengukuran BB dan TB. Perbedaan pola makan dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) anak etnis cina di SD Sutomo 2 dan anak etnis batak toba di SD Antonius dianalisis menggunakan uji t-independent. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan pola makan berdasarkan konsumsi energi, karbohidrat, protein dan lemak pada anak SD Sutomo 2 dan SD Antonius. Rata-rata konsumsi energi, karbohidrat, protein dan lemak pada anak SD Sutomo 2 dikategori kelebihan dan SD Antonius dikategori normal. Ada perbedaan berdasarkan IMT/U pada anak SD Sutomo 2 dan SD Antonius. Rata-rata IMT/U di SD Sutomo 2 dikategori obesitas dan rata-rata IMT/U di SD Antonius dikategori tidak obesitas. Dan dari penelitian ditemukan hubungan pola makan dengan status gizi ditinjau dari konsumsi karbohidrat dengan nilai p value = 0,018. Disarankan kepada orang tua khususnya ibu agar selalu menyiapkan makanan yang bervariasi seperti sayuran, lauk pauk dan buah-buahan sehingga anak terbiasa mengkonsumsi sayuran, lauk pauk dan buah-buahan yang bervariasi dan kebutuhan gizi anak juga dapat terpenuhi dan membiasakan anak utuk membawa bekal makanan yang dipilih dan disiapkan sendiri oleh orang tua.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MELALUI METODE CERAMAH DENGAN METODE DISKUSI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG NARKOTIKA, PSIKOTROPIKA, ZAT ADIKTIF (NAPZA) PADA SISWA SMU SWASTA RK DELI MURNI DISKI KECAMATAN SUNGGAL KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2016
Authors: Sinabariba Merlina
Published: March 2021

From the observation, it was found some students of Private High School of RK Deli Murni comsumed Narcotics, Psychotropica, Addictive Substances (NAPZA). This was caused by lack of knowledge and attitudes about NAPZA, so it is necessary to do health education to increase student’s knowledge and attitude. Health education can be done by using lecture and discussion methods. The research objective was to understand the effects of health education through lecture and discussion method on knowledge and attitudes about NAPZA among students of Private High School RK Deli Murni Diski, Sunggal Subdistrict, Deli Serdang District. The type of research was quasi experimental design with Pretest-Posttest Group Design. The population included all the students in Private High Schools of RK Deli Murni. The samples were 60 students and divided into two groups: 30 students were in lecture group and 30 students were in discussion group. The analysis of the data used Independent t-test. The result of the research showed there was an effect of health education through lecture and discussion method toward knowledge (p = 0.031) and the attitude (p=0,011). The mean of knowledge in lecture group was 5,03 with deviation standard was 1,75 and the mean of knowledge in discussion group was 5,93 with deviation standard was 1,39. The mean of attitude in lecture group was 7,07 with the deviation standard was 3,06 and the of attitudein discussion group was 8,93 with deviation standard was 2,41. It is suggested to School Master of Private High School of RK Deli Murni to use discussion method in delivering message about NAPZA to the students because it was proved more excelent than lecture method to increase student’s knowledge and attitude. It is needed to make collaboration with health office to give health education especially about NAPZA.
GAMBARAN PENILAIAN GURU TENTANG PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH (UKS) DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI No. 060910 MEDAN TAHUN 2017
Authors: Sianipar Connie Melva
Published: March 2021

School health program is an effort to nurture and develop healthy habits conducted in an integrated manner through educational programs, health services and health care in the school environment. Goals: The purpose of this study is to identify the implementation of teacher’s evaluation about School Health Unit (UKS) program in the State Primary School No.060910 Medan 2017. Methods: The research is a descriptive study with a sample of 23 people is a teacher of elementary school No. 060 910 Medan 2017. Field data collection tool used was a questionnaire. Results: The results of this study obtained the overall implementation of the UKS program implemented fairly that is 56.5%. UKS implementation of school health education activities are carried out fairly, that is 62.5%, the activities carried out with sufficient health care, which is 65.2% and the activities of health coaching healthy school environment performing well, which is 73.9%. Conclusion: Puskesmas are expected to improve their cooperation and performance with schools in their work areas, especially in improving health services. Puskesmas with schools need to discuss the UKS activities plan that will be done in school, so that can be arranged schedule of implementation and their respective duties. Puskesmas are also expected to work together both in materials and ideas to improve the implementation of UKS in each school.
HUBUNGAN STRES KERJA DENGAN SIKAP EMPATI PERAWAT MEDIKAL BEDAH RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2017
Authors: Novitarum Lilis , Sinurat Samfriati , Sianturi Marton
Published: March 2021

Stress is the response of a person's body that is non-specific to any excessive workload demands. When a person is able to overcome the excessive burden and does not experience disruption of body function, then the person is not experiencing stress. empathy is the ability to understand what others feel and think which is the ability and skill in facilitating social agreements and successfully navigating personal relationships, it is important for the survival of individuals because it requires accuracy in the perception, interpretation, and response to the emotions of others. Therefore empathy is an important building block for prosocial behavior, or the actions of people taking other benefits. Goals : This study aims to analyze the relationship of nurses work stress with nurse empathy to patients in santa elisabeth field hospital in 2017. Methods : This study used cross-sectional approach with sampling total sampling technique, as many as 29 respondents. Result : Based on statistical test (chi-square) got p value = 0,006 (p <0,06) so there is significant relation between Work Stress With Empathy Attitude Medical Nurses Hospital Surgery Santa Elisabeth Medan Conclution : It is expected that the Hospital holds counseling or seminars on empathy and can give rewards in the form of materials such as praise or awards for nurses who have a sense of empathy. Medical Surgery Room at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan.
GAMBARAN PENILAIAN GURU TENTANG PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH (UKS) DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI No. 060910 MEDAN TAHUN 2017
Authors: Sianipar Connie Melva
Published: March 2021

.School health program is an effort to nurture and develop healthy habits conducted in an integrated manner through educational programs, health services and health care in the school environment. Goals: The purpose of this study is to identify the implementation of teacher’s evaluation about School Health Unit (UKS) program in the State Primary School No.060910 Medan 2017. Methods: The research is a descriptive study with a sample of 23 people is a teacher of elementary school No. 060 910 Medan 2017. Field data collection tool used was a questionnaire. Results: The results of this study obtained the overall implementation of the UKS program implemented fairly that is 56.5%. UKS implementation of school health education activities are carried out fairly, that is 62.5%, the activities carried out with sufficient health care, which is 65.2% and the activities of health coaching healthy school environment performing well, which is 73.9%. Conclusion: Puskesmas are expected to improve their cooperation and performance with schools in their work areas, especially in improving health services. Puskesmas with schools need to discuss the UKS activities plan that will be done in school, so that can be arranged schedule of implementation and their respective duties. Puskesmas are also expected to work together both in materials and ideas to improve the implementation of UKS in each school.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA DOKTER SPESIALIS TERHADAP PENGISIAN REKAM MEDIS RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN
Authors: Anthonyus Anthonyus
Published: March 2021

Medical Record is a collection of data and information on patients related to administration, medical clinical processes and medical support, quality management and outcome of those processes, which are documented and stored systematically and safely to be used by parties Entitled and concerned.. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the knowledge and motivation of the specialist's work on the filling of the medical record in the hospital ward of Santa Elisabeth Hospital. Method: Type of research using explanatory research with associative approach. Population is all the specialist doctors who become Doctors in Patient Responsibility inpatient at Santa Elisabeth Hospital as many as 50 people, while the sample of research as many as 50 people. Data collection was done by giving questionnaires and observation sheet of medical record. Analysis of data with Chi Square and multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that: 1) The knowledge of specialist physicians influenced the filling of hospitalized medical records at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. This is indicated by the value of p = 0.030, the value of exp (B) 6,837. 2) Working motivation of specialist doctors influential on filling in medical records inpatient Hospital Santa Elisabeth Medan. This is indicated by the value of p = 0.005, the value of exp (B) 6,635. 3). Conclusion: There is a positive and significant influence between the knowledge and motivation of the specialist's work on the filling of the hospitalization records of Santa Elisabeth Hospital in Medan..
ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO PENYEBAB HIPERTENSI PADA WANITA DEWASA MUDA DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PERMASALAHAN KEHAMILAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKEMAS TELADAN TAHUN 2017
Authors: Azizah Nur , Maas Linda T , Sanusi Sri Rahayu
Published: March 2021

Hypertension is a generative disease which becomes a health problem throughout the world. Its prevalence in 18 years-old females is higher than that of males. The data from Riskesdas in 2013 revealed that the prevalence of hypertension in females was 28.8% and in males was 22.8%. it does not attack the aldery; it only attacks young adults. Uncontrolled hypertension can cause various complications in the entire organs and reproductive health in pregnancy and childbirth of young adult females. Goals: The research used observational analytic method with case-control design. It was conducted at Teladan Puskesmas, Medan from March until September, 2017. Method: The population was 96 hypertention young adult females who had been pregnant and visited Teladan Puskesmas. 48 of them were in the case gruop and the other 48 were respondents were in the control group (using total sampling technique). The data were analyzed by using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square test, and multivariate analysis with logistic regression test. Result: The result of the research showed that there was no influence of history of family on the incidence of hypertension (OR=1.6 95%CI= 0.683-4.1444), while obesity (OR=9 95%CI= 2.876-28.494), physical activity (OR=3.6 95%CI= 1.543- 11.626) had the influence on the incidence of hypertension. Obesity was the most dominant risk factor which influenced the incidence of hypertension in young adult females. Conclusion: It is recommended that young adult females keep their food intake stable with balanced nutrition and regular sport. Hypertension women should use hormonal contraceptive devices and have their blood pressure examined regularly so that complications can be detected early in preparing for pregnancy.
Introducing an innovative design to examine human-environment dynamics of food deserts responding to COVID-19
Authors: Liang Chyi-Lyi , Kurkalova Lyubov , Hashemi Beni Leila , Mulrooney Timothy , Jha Manoj , Miao Haoran , Monty Gregory
Published: March 2021

Food desert communities face persistent barriers in accessing affordable fresh and healthy foods, particularly for the underserved and limited-resourced minority population. This research brief proposes an integrated design concept examining human-environment dynamics of food deserts to identify strategies that would provide effective planning to prevent, prepare for, or respond to disruptive events such as natural disasters or pandemics in the future. The North Carolina example we describe identifies the potential overlapping areas between food deserts and number of COVID-19 cases to demonstrate how an unpredictable event could exacerbate public health in food desert communities to a greater extent than in communities with better food access, availability, and accessibility. The improved understanding of food systems could help in addressing unprecedented challenges such as those due to the COVID-19 crisis.
n. 08 - INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS BRASILEIRAS: DESDOBRAMENTOS SOBRE A MISSÃO DO ENSINO ESCOLAR
Authors: Schwartz Cleonara Maria , Batista Patrícia Veronesi
Published: March 2021

Apresenta uma análise das influências de diretrizes internacionais na história das reformas educacionais brasileiras, sobretudo a partir de 1990, momento considerado divisor de águas na inserção de forças neoliberais sobre diversos cenários brasileiros. O aporte teórico-metodológico parte da perspectiva bakhtiniana de signo ideológico como caminho para evidenciar realidades sobre as quais as reformas educacionais investigadas se fundamentam. Realiza assim, uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, que buscou dialogar com artigos e dissertações para analisar como diretrizes provenientes de conferências e/ou fóruns mundiais de educação vem, historicamente, repercutindo na elaboração de planos e/ou de leis responsáveis por importantes reformas educacionais no Brasil, com propósito de destacar principais marcos da internacionalização; identificar instituições internacionais que se destacam, suas motivações e interesses; e compreender como a internacionalização da educação reverbera na qualidade e na missão do ensino escolar brasileiro. Observa-se, por fim, um esvaziamento do potencial transformativo das políticas públicas, da essência pedagógica da escola, para atuar em causas de alívio social, comprometendo avanços sobre os índices de reprovação, sobre o baixo desempenho dos alunos, refletindo, por vezes, no fracasso escolar e na exclusão social.
n. 10 - O EMPREENDEDORISMO COMO PONTO-CHAVE DOS PROGRAMAS “FUTURE-SE” E “NOVOS CAMINHOS”: APONTAMENTOS CRÍTICOS
Authors: Possamai Tamiris , Zotti Solange Aparecida , Vizzotto Liane
Published: March 2021

O artigo versa sobre dois programas, elaborados e apresentados pelo atual governo federal, e tem como objetivo analisar a formação pretendida com o fomento do empreendedorismo nas Instituições Federais de Ensino e nas redes e instituições que ofertam educação básica, profissional e tecnológica de nível médio. Metodologicamente, utiliza procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica e de análise documental, com abordagem qualitativa. Após discutir aspectos da dinâmica social capitalista e apontar como o neoliberalismo tem servido à perpetuação desse projeto societário, problematiza-se o empreendedorismo como ponto-chave do Programa Universidades e Institutos Empreendedores e Inovadores – “Future-se” – e do Programa “Novos Caminhos”. Percebeu-se que os programas, completamente alinhados, inclusive no eixo estruturante do empreendedorismo, expressam o objetivo de atrelar a formação de jovens e trabalhadores, assim como a produção científica – tão somente – às demandas dos setores produtivos e sua lógica desumanizadora que contribui, substancialmente, para a subsunção da vida ao capital.
n. 06 - PANORAMA DOS GRUPOS DE PESQUISA DE POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Mainardes Jefferson
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta um panorama dos grupos de pesquisa de Política Educacional no Brasil, cadastrados no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa no Brasil (DGPB/CNPq). A partir da teoria de Bourdieu, argumenta-se que a participação em um grupo de pesquisa é essencial na aquisição do habitus científico. O texto explora as principais características dos 275 grupos de pesquisa de Política Educacional e expõe algumas implicações práticas, tais como a necessidade de criação de novas categorias de participantes no DGPB, um item específico para a descrição do grupo e a necessidade da ampliação das estratégias de cooperação entre os grupos de pesquisa.
Pegfilgrastim-induced leukocytosis and hyperleukocytosis
Authors: Singh Aditi , Bailey Morgan M , Patel Neha J , Hamouda Danae
Published: March 2021

Objective: To report a case of leukocytosis (LCT) and hyperleukocytosis (HLCT) episodes post Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) administration.Case Summary: A 74-year-old female presented with several episodes of LCT and HLCT following administration of Pegfilgrastim while undergoing adjunct dose dependent chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. The patient had completed cycle 6, day 8 of chemotherapy and subsequently received Neulasta 48 hours later. Two days later, she presented to the ER with white blood cell (WBC) count of 110K. Prior to Neulasta administration, her WBC counts were within normal range and after each episode of leukocytosis, the patient’s WBC count trended downward. Upon consultation, hematology considered Pegfilgrastim as a likely cause for this patient’s WBC cycling and HLCT.Discussion: Pegfilgrastim-induced HLCT occurs in less than 1% of patient cases. Dose-dependent chemotherapy combined with Pegfilgrastim treatment is an optimal treatment option to reduce the length of chemotherapy schedules and risk of febrile neutropenia. Following the dosing of Pegfilgrastim, the drug clearance is mediated by neutrophil receptors which results in a reduction of ANC values.Conclusions: Further studies are needed to determine the optimum timing and dosage of Pegfilgrastim to offer maximum myeloprotective benefit while also minimizing the risks of adverse events such as leukocytosis and hyperleukocytosis experienced by our patient.
Analysis of Determining Service Recovery Factors at Super Indo Grocery Store in Semarang
Authors: Heridiansyah Jefri , Susetyarsi Theresia , Indriastuti Ariyani , Triasningrum Frida Widyawati
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) How big effect of the Service Failure on Service Recovery at Super Indo Grocery Store in Semarang? (2) How big effect of the Customer Complaint on Service Recovery at Super Indo Grocery store in Semarang? The sample in this study amounted to 40 respondents or customers. This study was analyzed using multiple linear regression which included the T-Test, F Test, and the coefficient of determination. Based on the results of research and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that there is an effect of Service Failure on Service Renewal is an influence of Customer Complaint on Service Recovery.
Preservice teachers’ reflections on diversity and on teaching diverse pupils in Norwegian compulsory school
Authors: KC Bhupendra Kumar , Ohna Stein Erik  Solbø
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate how preservice teachers reflect on diversity and on teaching pupils from diverse backgrounds. Following a qualitative research design, the empirical data were constructed through focus group interviews with pre­service teachers attending a 4-year initial teacher education programme for compulsory school in Norway. The thematic analysis of focus group interviews yielded three main results, namely differences are individual and considered natural, diversity as a value and challenge, and belief in practice rather than theory. Results suggest that despite their appreciative views towards diversity, the preservice teachers seem to be having a dilemmatic position regarding whether they should treat every pupil the same or differently. Moreover, the results point to the significance of establishing coherence between theory and practice in initial teacher education regarding the preparation of preservice teachers for their work with diverse pupils.
Keywords: initial teacher education, diverse classrooms, theory-practice coherence
 
Lærerstudenters refleksjoner over undervisning og mangfold i norsk grunnskole
Sammendrag
Formålet med denne studien er å undersøke hvordan lærerstudenter i den fireårige grunnskolelærerutdanningen reflekterer over mangfold og undervisning av elever som har ulik bakgrunn. Studien er basert på et kvalitativt forskningsdesign, og data er kon­struert ved hjelp av fokusgruppeintervjuer med lærerstudenter i den fireårige grunn­skolelærerutdanningen. Den tematiske analysen ledet fram til tre hovedresultater: Forskjeller er individuelle og forstås som noe naturlig, mangfold som en verdi og utfordring, og vektlegging av praksis heller enn teori. Resultatene viser at til tross for deltakernes verdsetting av mangfold, opplever lærerstudentene dilemma når det gjelder hvordan de skal handle i praksis. Resultatene peker videre på betydningen av å etablere koherens mellom praksis og teori i lærerutdanningen for å forberede lærerstudentene for arbeidet med mangfoldige elevgrupper.
Nøkkelord: lærerutdanning, mangfold i klasserom, teori-praksis koherens
Gewalt im Jugendstrafvollzug – Erscheinungsformen, Verläufe, Gegenmaßnahmen
Authors: Neubacher Frank
Published: March 2021

Der Beitrag fasst die Ergebnisse von zwei Forschungsprojekten zusammen, die das Institut für Kriminologie der Universität zu Köln in den Jahren 2010-2017 zunächst mit 882 männlichen und anschließend mit 269 weiblichen Jugendstrafgefangenen durchgeführt hat. Danach müssen Gefangenen permanent auf Übergriffe anderer Gefangener gefasst sein. Das prägt das Verhalten, auch wenn nicht jeder Gefangene ständig am eigenen Leib körperliche Gewalt erlebt. Zu Beginn der Haftzeit sind Gefangene besonders stark in das Gewaltgeschehen involviert; danach gelingt es ihnen mehrheitlich, in Ruhe gelassen zu werden. Im Geschlechtervergleich ließen sich bei verbaler Gewalt kaum Unterschiede erkennen; Körperverletzungen kommen bei den jungen Frauen aber deutlich seltener vor. Grund hierfür sind die unterschiedlichen Bedingungen der Unterbringung und Betreuung, die im Vollzug an jungen Frauen vergleichsweise besser sind. Statt auf Disziplinarmaßnahmen zu setzen, die angesichts des großen Dunkelfeldes (auf eine bekannte Tat kommen mindestens sechs unbekannte Taten) weitgehend wirkungslos bleiben, sollte der Vollzug stärker seiner erzieherischen Aufgabe nachkommen und Anti-Gewalt-Konzepte entwickeln, die die jungen Gefangenen befähigen, Konflikte gewaltfrei zu lösen.
Was Schule soll. Eine Analyse der staatlichen Funktionenzuweisungen an Schule in erziehungswissenschaftlicher Perspektive
Authors: Manitius Veronika
Published: March 2021

Die Beschäftigung dessen, was Schule funktional für die Gesellschaft und das Individuum erbringen soll, ist schon lange Gegenstand schul- und gesellschaftstheoretischer Debatten. Diesem Diskurs fehlt zumeist der Einbezug von Schulgesetzen als rechtlich fundierte Quelle dazu, was staatlicherseits an Funktionenzuweisungen an Schule erfolgt. Der Beitrag fragt daher, welche (schultheoretisch fundierten) Funktionen sich in den 16 Schulgesetzen der Länder abbilden. Die Ergebnisse der Inhaltsanalyse zeigen, dass sich insgesamt acht Funktionen von Schule ausmachen lassen und in den Schulgesetzen vor allem die Integrationsfunktion am häufigsten zu finden ist; die der Theorie zufolge auf die Stabilisierung und Reproduktion des politischen Systems abzielt. Die Befunde werden vor dem Hintergrund der Grenzen der Untersuchung mit Blick auf sich ergebende Implikationen für Forschung, Diskurse und die Professionalisierung von Lehrerinnen und Lehrer diskutiert.
Self-Determination, Human Rights, and Migration
Authors: Sangiovanni Andrea ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2021

Gillian Brock’s compelling and richly textured new book aims to set out a human-rights-based framework for thinking about justice in migration. There is much to celebrate in these chapters, not least Brock’s masterful effort at weaving together her basic justificatory framework with real-world political concerns. In this article, I query the focus she places on self-determination in setting out the basic normative argument elaborated in Chapters 2, 3, and 9. In particular, I will wonder whether she gives the collective self-determination of a people anything more than instrumental value, and so whether she is able to distance herself from so-called proponents of “open borders”.
Justice Is a Right to Speak
Authors: Delhom Pascal ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2021

Levinas’s conception of justice in Totality and Infinity is very different from the one developed in Otherwise than Being. Both are bound to the presence of the third party next to my neighbor. But whereas in the later work this presence leads to transform the responsibility of the I for the Other, to compare the neighbor and the third party for the sake of justice, hence to enter the sphere of visibility in which retributive justice is possible, it opens in the early work to a fraternity of all humans, understood as a community of language, of expression, teaching, and commandment. Here, justice is a right to speak. I argue that these conceptions of justice are not only different. The early one can also be seen as the condition of the later one. And Levinas refers explicitly to it in Otherwise than Being as a justice that passes by justice.
Transforming knowledge by editing texts: the Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi and medieval British university philosophy
Authors: Marenbon John
Published: March 2021

Editing texts is an activity fundamental to research in the history of philosophy, but individual editions, however important, rarely transform knowledge. It is argued here, however, that, taken as a whole, the British Academy�s Auctores Britannici Medii Aevi series does have this transformative effect. The project is reaching a new understanding of an important, but often neglected, area of the history of philosophy. After a brief survey of the British philosophers and theologians of the 13th and 14th century, the character of the series is described, and it is shown that it has a well-defined focus, and brings valuable but neglected philosophical material to light and explores distinctive themes. It is also argued that there is another side to this transformation, through methodological innovation in editing, as illustrated in the series.
Gene polymorphism of 3'APO-VNTR in Egyptians with coronary artery disease
Authors: Elmougy Rehab
Published: March 2021

Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are big health problem in both developed and developing countries. It is considered one of the main causes of death in the world. Dyslipidemia increases the risk of CAD incidences. It is aimed in this worktop study the impact of 3'APOBVNTRgene on CAD incidences. Methods: Eighty CAD patients and ninety-three healthy volunteers are enrolled in this study. Lipid parameters were estimated in both groups and PCR technique has been performed to analyze 3'APOB-VNTR gene polymorphism. Results: The genotypes 31/31, 31/37, 37/37 and 31/44 are more predominant in both groups. The frequency of 24/31 in CAD patients is (0.137) while it is completely absent in the control group. Our results show that there is an increase in the frequency of various genotypes (e.g., 17/31 and 21/34 genotypes) in the control group compared to theca patients group. Conclusions: 3'APOB-VNTR gene could probably be considered a risk factor for CAD incidences and may help to early diagnose them.
La necesaria reforma de la Universidad española
Authors: Arenilla Sáez Manuel
Published: March 2021

En las últimas dos décadas se han producido varias propuestas de reforma del sistema universitario español (SUE) mediante informes, libros blancos y todo tipo de documentos elaborados por organismos oficiales estatales, autonómicos, universitarios y por varias fundaciones. En ellas se han abordado todos los aspectos institucionales de las universidades; incluso se han constituido diversas comisiones de expertos a instancias de las autoridades ministeriales, con poco tiempo de diferencia entre ellas.Las medidas adoptadas en el SUE no han servido para mejorar desde una perspectiva comparada el rendimiento docente, investigador, de innovación o de transferencia de conocimiento. Tampoco han mejorado suficientemente, por ejemplo, los niveles de equidad o la empleabilidad de los egresados de nuestras universidades. Finalmente, la situación del profesorado que se encuentra al comienzo de su carrera es preocupante. En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de reforma del SUE desde la perspectiva de su gobernanza. Para ello, se tratará de discernir las metas a las que se orienta y el funcionamiento de los órganos universitarios. Finalmente, se expondrán los diversos actores existentes y sus interrelaciones. Las principales conclusiones y propuestas de la investigación se refieren a la conveniencia de agotar las posibilidades que ofrece la vigente doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional para dar un mayor protagonismo a los consejos sociales; desarrollar las capacidades institucionales, la gobernanza y los recursos humanos bajo un fuerte liderazgo ejecutivo y una orientación a la eficiencia y la efectividad; transformar en profundidad la ordenación y la gestión universitaria y del personal de Administración y servicios (PAS); modificar y simplificar el modelo de acreditación con el fin de mejorar la eficacia, la internacionalización y la movilidad; así como vincular el rendimiento del personal docente e investigador (PDI) con la eficiencia en la consecución de los objetivos del SUE.
Freno del Tribunal Constitucional al abuso del veto presupuestario: análisis de la jurisprudencia constitucional en torno al art. 134.6. CE
Authors: Saiz Ros Isabel
Published: March 2021

Este artículo trata de analizar la jurisprudencia dimanada de nuestro Alto Tribunal en torno al art. 134.6 CE. Este apartado del art. 134 CE constitucionaliza la facultad que ostenta el Gobierno de no prestar suconsentimiento a la tramitación de proposiciones de ley que conlleven unaafectación presupuestaria. Tras una breve exposición sobre el régimen jurídico del veto presupuestario, se procede a analizar cada una a una de las sentencias emanadas del Alto Tribunal. Dada la función de intérprete supremo que el Tribunal Constitucional ostenta, su jurisprudencia podría incluso llegar a influir en determinadas decisiones políticas. En el presente caso, una interpretación del art. 134.6 CE «pro gobierno» podría haber contribuido —si además confluyen unas determinadas circunstancias políticas— a una utilización del veto como un instrumento político, tal y como ha sucedido en la XII legislatura. En sentido contrario, una interpretación adecuada del precepto —que entendemos se da a partir de la STC 34/18— supondría un freno a dicho uso politizado de la facultad de veto presupuestario que posee el Gobierno. Pensamos que ésta última sentencia enmarca acertadamente el art. 134.6 CE. De dicho enfoque deriva una interpretación constitucional de la facultad de veto presupuestario adecuada y completa. Esta interpretación parte de la singularidad que la Constitución otorga a la ley de presupuestos, y podría frenar el uso abusivo del mismo.
El Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea como garante de derechos constitucionales en los Estados: la doctrina Taricco
Authors: De Miguel Canuto Enrique
Published: March 2021

¿Qué escenario es aquel en que el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea puede presentarse como garante de los derechos fundamentales recogidos en la Constitución de un Estado de la Unión? La reflexión del Tribunal de la Unión en el caso M.A.S. y M.B., en cuestión prejudicial elevada por la Corte costituzionale italiana, continuación del anterior caso Taricco, dio ocasión al Tribunal de la Unión a identificar ese escenario, en un caso relativo a la prescripción penal en materia de impuesto sobre el valor añadido.
Fragmentos de tempos e espaços
Authors: Queiroz Marília Fiúza , Costa Alexandre Rodrigues da
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, analisamos as obras de Gordon Matta-Clark e Michael Wesely a partir de uma visualidade fragmentada que teve início na relação do sujeito com a câmera escura. Com base nessa visão descontínua e instável do observador, conceituada e relatada por Jonathan Crary, investigamos de que maneira os dois artistas se utilizam da fotografia como uma forma de desagregação dos limites que se estabelecem entre passado e presente, de modo que espaço e tempo tornam-se indeterminados. Utilizamo-nos, assim, das leituras de Walter Benjamin, Maurice Blanchot e Jacques Derrida sobre a ruína, para estudar como a imagem fotográfica se afirma como configurações dilaceradas, ao se oferecer, por meio de sobreposições, ramificações e excessos, como representações obliteradas e incompletas.
Delatores e práticas de delação no limiar da Ditadura Militar do Brasil
Authors: Priori Angelo , Brunelo Leandro
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a atuação dos delatores voluntários e dos informantes colaboracionistas durante a Ditadura Militar no Brasil (1964-1985). Para isso, utilizamos as cartas e os bilhetes enviadas por cidadãos comuns aos órgãos de segurança e para a polícia política, delatando militantes políticos, vizinhos, colegas de trabalho e amigos. A documentação analisada encontra-se no Fundo DOPS, arquivada no Departamento Estadual de Arquivo Público do Paraná (DEAP). Constatamos que a prática da delação era bastante comum durante a Ditadura Militar e que os delatores tiveram papel importante, contribuindo com os órgãos de segurança do regime militar, no processo de vigilância e de controle social da população brasileira.
Memória e reparação no Ensino Superior: uma análise das Comissões da Verdade Universitárias em São Paulo
Authors: Homma Luana Hanae Gabriel , Marinho Maria Gabriela S. M. C.
Published: March 2021

O artigo analisa, inicialmente, a instalação e a dinâmica de atuação de Comissões da Verdade Universitárias criadas em diferentes universidades brasileiras a partir de 2012. Contudo, elegeram-se como principais objetos de análise as instituições públicas e privadas do estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, toma como base empírica os relatórios das comissões publicados a partir dos quais procura identificar características e condições de implantação, aderência da comunidade universitária e a correlação de forças favoráveis e contrárias à sua instalação. Atenção especial foi conferida às recomendações formuladas pelas Comissões. A análise documental ocorre de forma situada levando em consideração a conjuntura das Comissões Nacional e Estadual, inseridas no arco temporal de 2012 a 2018. Tal demarcação considerou 2012 como ano de partida, quando afinal se instituíram as primeiras Comissões Universitárias e, 2018, por ter sido o ano de encerramento dos trabalhos da Comissão Universitária da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), a última do estado
Clinical Picture at Attendance and Response to Flexible Family-Based Low-Carb Life Style Change in Children With Obesity
Authors: Cakmak Hatice Mine , IlknurArslanoglu  , Sungur Mehmet Ali , Bolu Semih
Published: March 2021

Aim: The study aims 1) to determine the clinical status of obese children at the admittance to the pediatric endocrinology referral center 2) to investigate the efficiency and compliance of the low-carb diet in a pediatric population with or without exercise, metformin
Material and Methods: All subjects with the complaint of obesity and BMI percentile >95 were recruited from January 2012-August 2014. We evaluated basal retrospectively, recommended low carbohydrate family-wide eating practice and exercise to all, and metformin to selected cases, and recorded Self-reported adherence at first, third, sixth, and twelfth months.
Results: Thirty-six subjects used metformin with a higher ratio of weight loss (90.0%, p=0.010) without a difference in the number of lost kilograms. In 160 cases without metformin; diet only, exercise only, and both diet and exercise groups lost weight significantly according to neither diet nor exercise group (OR:12.08, 95% CI 3.93-41.66, p<0.001; OR:3.04, 95% CI 1.18-7.84, p=0.022 and OR:32.80, 95% CI 7.14-150.77, p<0.001 respectively). Exercise plus diet (95.3%, p=0,002) and only diet (88.9%, p=0,023) were even more efficient than exercise alone (65.5%). In the twelfth month, 13.8% were on follow-up.
Conclusion: Obesity gives rise to metabolic complications in the very early stages. A low carbohydrate diet proved to be acceptable and useful. Long-term consistency remains a challenge.
Anxiety and Pain Severity in Children Based on Self-Report
Authors: Mirmotalebi Maryam , Garrusi Behshid , Danaei Mina
Published: March 2021

Background and Objective: Evaluation of the severity of pain in children can help the medical team diagnose the type of disease. In this study, anxiety and pain intensity in children were examined based on self-report.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2018 on 300 children aged 3 to 12 years, referring to outpatient treatment centres in Kerman. To measure the severity of pain felt by children, FPS-R was used. The level declared by children was evaluated by the pain intensity estimated by parents and doctors using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the standard FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale) for correlation. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 25.
Results: The pain reported by children was obtained by VAS (4.16 ± 3.49), and the estimated pain by the doctor was obtained by FPS-R (2.87±1.68). The pain severity estimated by the doctor using FLACC had the highest correlation with the pain estimated by the doctor using VAS and the lowest correlation with the pain estimated by the mother using VAS.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that FPS-R could be used as a suitable self-report tool in children and, along with the standard FLACC, can help the medical team recognize the severity of children's pain.
The Micronutrient Consumption in Indian Elementary School Children across Socioeconomic Strata
Authors: Patki Kshitija , Sanghi Divya , Parasher Raju K. , Bhatnagar Barkha
Published: March 2021

Background: The adequate intake of micronutrients in school children has a significant long term beneficial effect on a child’s overall development and performance. Thus, identifying sub-clinical deﬁciencies, monitoring micronutrient intake in a child’s diet, and subsequently treating each is of paramount importance. The present study aimed to determine the daily micronutrient consumption in elementary school children across socioeconomic strata (SCE) compared to age-specific, recommended daily allowance (RDA).
Subjects/Methods: Three hundred and sixty-six (366) healthy, school-going girls and boys between the ages of 6 -14 years volunteered for the study. Socioeconomic status was assessed using the urban socioeconomic status grid questionnaire, and micronutrient consumption was determined by the 24-hour recall questionnaire and the Dietcal software.
Results: Seventy per cent of the children tested had a BMI in the normal range, and approximately 15.84% of the children were underweight, of which 82% were in the Mid-low SCE strata. Paradoxically, an equal number of children (15%) were overweight, of which 89% belonged to the high SCE strata. Overall, a large number (70-90%) of children were found deficient (compared to RDA) in the intake of micronutrients, and there were significant differences between children belonging to the high and mid-low SCE strata in the intake of Calcium (10 -14 year), Iron (6 - 12 year) and Vitamin B6 (for 10 -14 year). Additionally, the deficiency in the consumption of Calcium, Iron, Vitamin B6, Vitamin 12, and Vitamin A was the most in the older children, while the consumption of Magnesium and Vitamin C across all age groups was within the recommended daily allowance (RDA).
Conclusions: Elementary schools across socioeconomic status and age groups reported severe deficiencies in the consumption of micronutrients. Interestingly, in-spite of the accessibility to nutritious food, children belonging to the high SCE strata were also deficient in micronutrient intake. Hence, it is important to re-focus our attention from gross caloric intake to the consumption of micronutrient-rich foods.