bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTAR EMPATI DAN BYSTANDER EFFECT DENGAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMA X JAKARTA
Authors: Ashilah Dhia , Tatiyani Tatiyani
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan Empati dan Bystander Effect denganPerilaku Prososial pada siswa Kelas XI SMA X Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitiankuantitatif dengan populasi berjumlah 420 siswa laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga didapatkanjumlah sample sebanyak 201 siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Pengumpulan data menggunakanskala likert dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan dengan arah positif yang signifikan antara empati danperilaku prososial sebesar r = 0,508 dan p = <0,001 dan terdapat hubungan dengan arah positifsignifikan antara bystander effect dengan perilaku prososial sebesar r = 0,428 dan p = <0,001.Selanjutnya hasil analisis data multivariate correlation menggunakan SPSS 27.0 for windowsdiperoleh koefisien determinasi korelasi R square sebesar 0,275 dan berdasarkan regresikorelasi multivariate dipeoleh nilai koefisiensi korelasi R = 0,524 dengan p = <0,001 yangberarti terdapat hubungan antara empati dan bystander effect dengan perilaku prososial padasiswa kelas XI SMA X Jakarta.
SELETIVIDADE ALIMENTAR NO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: ESTRATÉGIAS USADAS PELOS CUIDADORES PARA PROMOÇÃO ALIMENTAR
Authors: DAVID AC , Almohalha L
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a seletividade alimentar de crianças com diagnóstico de autismo e descrever quais estratégias foram desenvolvidas por seus cuidadores para promover a alimentação de sua criança. Métodos: Pesquisa de campo, transversal e descritiva, de natureza quali-quantitativa. As coletas ocorreram por aplicação do questionário elaborado pelas pesquisadoras com 58 questões referentes ao desenvolvimento infantil, seletividade alimentar, rotina e estratégias para promover a alimentação. Os resultados foram tratados por análise estatística descritiva com frequências absoluta e relativa. Resultados: A pesquisa foi realizada com 12 mães de crianças de 0 a 7 anos com autismo e com características de seletividade e preferências alimentares específicas. A maioria delas se apresentavam como as preparadoras principais das refeições e se preocupavam em promover pelo menos uma alimentação saudável ao dia. Com esse fim, as responsáveis utilizavam estratégias que aproximavam as crianças das refeições, de maneira responsiva, a partir dos acréscimos de alimentos considerados saudáveis nas refeições, além disso, utilizavam o lúdico através da promoção do brincar com os alimentos e exploravam sentidos como o olfato. Conclusão: A seletividade alimentar é uma realidade que aflige as principais cuidadoras de crianças com autismo e para endereçar tais situações as mães desenvolvem diversas estratégias para tentar diminuir as dificuldades alimentares e ofertar uma alimentação que ofereça menos vivências de estresse para seus filhos.
Analisis Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Jasa Usaha Pesta di Sumatera Barat Melalui Inovasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Yuliyana Yuliyana , Hendriyeni Yulia , Pujani Vera
Published: October 2024

Orientasi pasar yang mencakup pemahaman mendalam terhadap kebutuhan konsumen dan orientasi kewirausahaan yang melibatkan keberanian mengambil risiko, inovasi, serta proaktivitas, diyakini memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan kinerja usaha. Namun, kinerja usaha tidak hanya dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh kedua orientasi ini, melainkan juga dimediasi oleh inovasi, yang berperan sebagai katalisator dalam menciptakan produk dan layanan yang lebih relevan dan kompetitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh orientasi pasar dan orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja usaha jasa pesta di Sumatera Barat, dengan inovasi sebagai variabel mediasi.Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapat dari jawaban responden berupa pengisian kuesioner. Teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan metode SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi pasar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha, inovasi dapat menjadi variabel mediasi dalam hubungan orientasi pasar dan kinerja usaha, sedangkan orientasi kewirausahan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja usaha dan inovasi dapat memediasi hubungan antara orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja usaha.
Pemenuhan Hak Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual dikaitkan dengan UU TPKS
Authors: Muzayin Andi Faizal , Pinandang Catur Alam , Arumpuspita Rois Diandra Kis
Published: October 2024

Sexual violence is an act carried out through coercion that aims to fulfill the desires of the perpetrator regardless of the status of the relationship with the victim. Cases of sexual violence certainly have a negative effect on the victims. News about sexual crimes can easily be disseminated, especially since the world has entered the 4.0 era where all information can be easily disseminated using the internet and technology. So based on this, many of the victims are silent about the incident that happened to them because they are afraid that the negative impact will spread widely so that the victim will get ostracized in society. The purpose of this journal is to analyze the fulfillment of the rights of victims of crimes against sexual violence associated with the Law on Crimes of Sexual Violence. This journal method uses a qualitative type. The results of the analysis of this journal are that Law Number 12 of 2022 Articles 66-70 describes the rights of TPKS victims. Some of the rights of victims that are used as a scope include protecting victims from criminal prosecution, protecting against loss of access to politics, education, job transfers, and jobs, protecting victims from law enforcement officials if there is an act of demeaning officials, keeping the victim's identity confidential, protecting victims from violence or the perpetrator's threats, protection information is properly provided in accessing it, and provides protection facilities as well as information about victims' rights.
Analisis semiotika pidato kenegaraan terakhir Presiden Joko Widodo pada sidang tahunan MPR 2024
Authors: Arnita Bella , Permadi Didi , Edy Sarwo
Published: October 2024

This research aims to examine the semiotic analysis of President Jokowi's final state speech at the 2024 MPR annual session through Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic approach which involves the analysis of representamen (signs), objects (sign references), and interpretants (use of signs). This research using descriptive qualitative methods to understand the meaning and content contained in the speech. The results of the study show that "Semiotic analysis of President Jokowi's final state speech at the 2024 MPR annual session" effectively conveys emotional messages about apologies, conveying achievements, and leadership hopes. in the future. This speech teaches that whatever we do there must be something good and not good. As humans we need to be humble and apologize for what we have done so far
Sealing Ability of Bioceramic Sealer after Ultrasonic Activation of Different Root Canal Irrigating Solutions
Authors: Anto Puthur Aju , Nayak Moksha , B Rohini
Published: October 2024

Aim To evaluate and compare the sealing ability of bio ceramic root canal sealer after ultrasonic activation of root canal irrigation solutions 3% NaOCl , 40% Citric acid & Neem leaf extract .  Materials and Methods In this study, 42 mandibular premolar teeth with single roots and canals were divided into three groups for irrigation: 3% NaOCl, 40% citric acid, and Neem leaf extract. After access preparation and glide path creation with a #10 K-file (0.02 taper), the canals were instrumented using a crown-down technique to an ISO size of 30, with saline as the irrigant. Ultrasonically activated irrigation was used, followed by saline in all groups. The canals were obturated with Dentsply Gutta- percha and Bio C sealer, 1mm short of the working length, and sealed with temporary restorations. Teeth were incubated at 37°C for 3 days, and horizontal sections at 3mm from the apex were taken. Confocal laser scanning microscopy measured sealer penetration, and statistical analysis was conducted to compare results between groups.  Results The results suggest that 40% citric acid is the most effective irrigant for enhancing sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at the apical third, both in terms of percentage and depth of penetration, compared to 3% NaOCl and neem leaf extract. This indicates that citric acid may improve the sealing ability of root canal treatments more effectively than the other tested irrigants.  Conclusion The results suggest that 40% citric acid is the most effective irrigant for enhancing sealer penetration into dentinal tubules at the apical third, both in terms of percentage and depth of penetration, compared to 3% NaOCl and neem leaf extract. This indicates that citric acid may improve the sealing ability of root canal treatments more effectively than the other tested irrigants.
Editor’s note
Authors: Wei Rining
Published: October 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
.
Shuttling between language and content teaching: Exploring opportunities and challenges through collaborative autoethnography
Authors: Fujimoto-Adamson Naoki , Adamson John L.
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the experiences and histories of two teachers of both language and content classes to undergraduate students in Japanese universities, one a British anglophone speaker and the other a Japanese national. In Japan, with the spread of English-medium instruction (EMI) courses, issues of language use have stimulated much debate. As teachers of both English and applied linguistics, through a collaborative autoethnographic (CAE) approach, we explored issues of shuttling between Japanese and English, and of content acquired in both languages. Our findings revealed the nature of our translanguaging practices and related them to our epistemic beliefs and study histories abroad, noting the influence of those experiences and differing student attitudes towards our relative status as English speakers. Conclusions pointed to the benefits of the research methodology of CAE to co-construct our narratives and unpack how our personal backgrounds intersected with our current EMI pedagogies.

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
.
A comparative analysis of the aerodynamic performance of supersonic missiles with conical and ogive nose shapes
Authors: Goucem Mahdi , Khiri Raouf
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a numerical study conducted to analyze the aerodynamic performance of supersonic missiles consisting of a cylindrical body and four flat-plate rear fins arranged uniformly, equipped with conical and ogive heads. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using the ANSYS Fluent 17.1 solver, along with the Gambit grid generation software. The objective was to compare the aerodynamic characteristics of these two head designs in terms of drag, lift, and stability at supersonic speeds. Various flow parameters, including Mach number and angle of attack, were investigated to comprehensively assess the performance of the missile configurations. The results indicate clear differences in the aerodynamic behavior of conical and ogive heads. Specifically, there was a 2–11 percent increase in the lift coefficient of the conical heads compared to the ogive heads, and an increase in the drag coefficient of both conical and ogive heads.
A Guide for Nurse-Led Advocacy for Safe Staffing and the Quality of Nursing Work Life
Authors: Kerley K. Denise , Ross Jean A. , Embree Jennifer L. , Feley Katherine , Miley Blayne
Published: October 2024

Nursing advocacy is a critical component of nursing practice. An exemplar of how nurses can advocate for an enhanced quality of nursing work environment and safe staffing is provided. Garnering state and national resources can assist in impacting statewide change.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(11):520–522.]
There is No Anima Mundi: Leibniz on the Impossibility of a Soul of the World
Authors: Costantini Filippo
Published: October 2024

The main source of perplexity raised by Leibniz’s (mathematical) argument against the soul of the world stems from the idea that it is the infinity of the universe that precludes it from having a soul. But if this is so, how is it possible that organic bodies, which, having infinitely many parts, are also infinite, are endowed with a soul? The present paper aims to provide a new solution to this puzzle. The solution explains the difference between the body and the universe by looking at how their respective parts are arranged. It is the arrangement of the parts of the body that allows a body to be divided into infinitely many parts whilst, at the same time, having a finite magnitude. By contrast, the way in which the alleged parts of the world are arranged makes it impossible that the world has a finite magnitude: the world cannot be a whole, and so it cannot have a soul. The consequence is that it does not matter how many parts bodies have, but only that they have a finite magnitude. In this case, bodies respect the Part-Whole Principle (the whole is bigger than any of its proper parts) and therefore can be described as finite wholes with parts.
A Defense of Aristotelian Justice
Authors: Jagannathan Dhananjay
Published: October 2024

Aristotle’s account of the virtue of justice has been regarded as one of the least successful aspects of his ethics. Among the most serious criticisms lodged against his views are (i) that he fails to identify the proper subject matter of justice (LeBar 2020), (ii) that he wrongly identifies the characteristic motives relevant for justice and injustice (Williams 1980), and (iii) that his account is parochial, i.e., that it fails to correctly recognize or characterize our obligations of justice to those outside our community (Annas 1995; Curzer 2012). Indeed, Mark LeBar has recently argued that, although Aristotle’s eudaimonist framework remains the most promising metaethical strategy to ground justice as a virtue of individual human beings, the normative content of his theory is so flawed that neo-Aristotelians ought to adopt a Kantian theory of justice that centers on according respect to persons (LeBar 2020). My aim in this paper is to defend Aristotle’s views from these criticisms in order to show that it holds promise as an account of justice as a virtue. Notably, neo-Aristotelians have generally neglected the topic of justice, despite its centrality to Aristotle’s ethics and to our own social lives. I argue that they ought to take Aristotle’s account seriously as a starting point for their own theorizing, while recognizing that it needs modification on some points.
Autonomy as Practical Understanding
Authors: Hadisi Reza
Published: October 2024

I offer a theory of autonomous agency that relies on the resources of a strongly cognitivist theory of intention and intentional action. On the proposed account, intentional action is a graded notion that is explained via the agent’s degree of practical knowledge. In turn, autonomous agency is also a graded notion that is explained via the agent’s degree of practical understanding. The resulting theory can synthesize insights from both the hierarchical and the cognitivist theories of autonomy with at least some aspects of the reason-responsiveness theories. Moreover, by treating practical knowledge and practical understanding as gradable notions, the paper offers a strategy to respond to enduring objections against cognitivism about intention, control, and autonomy.
The Limits of Spinoza's Perfectionism
Authors: Moauro Leonardo
Published: October 2024

Spinoza is often described as an ethical perfectionist—one who accepts an account of the good centered on the development of our natural capacities. Perfectionists typically accept a perfectionist theory of value, in which the properties of good and evil are grounded in a normative property of perfection. Yet I argue that Spinoza rejects a perfectionist theory of value because he believes it conflicts with the doctrine of necessitarianism. This leads him to conclude that attributions of perfection in ethical contexts must be regarded as fictions. If Spinoza is indeed an ethical perfectionist, his perfectionism must be grounded in a theory of value that is not itself perfectionist.
Hume’s Justice and the Problem of the Missing Motive
Authors: Cruise Ian
Published: October 2024

The task that Hume explicitly sets himself in 3.2 of the Treatise is to identify the motive that renders just actions virtuous and constitutes justice as a virtue. But surprisingly, he never provides a clear account of what this motive is. This is the problem of the missing motive. The goal of this paper is to explain this problem and offer a novel solution. To set up my solution, I analyze a recent proposal from Geoffrey Sayre-McCord and illustrate what it gets right and what it gets wrong. I develop a solution that retains the benefits of his proposal while addressing its defects. The result is a significant advancement in our understanding of Hume’s theory of justice.
The Slap (ABC-1, 2011) : dispositif narratif et relativisme éthique
Authors: Boully Fabien
Published: October 2024

Adaptée du roman éponyme de Christos Tsiolkas, la mini-série australienne The Slap (ABC-1, 2011) en reprend la structure narrative diffractée. Chaque épisode nous fait partager le point de vue et, surtout, un pan de vie d’un personnage, pour développer sa perception de l’événement fondateur : la gifle infligée par Harry à Hugo, un petit garçon. Il s’agit par-là d’examiner les conséquences de cette gifle, en s’intéressant à ce qu’elles révèlent des caractères, mais aussi des agissements présents ou passés de chacun. La série se déploie ainsi sous la forme d’un réseau de connexions interpersonnelles, tout en explorant la part propre à chaque individu ayant droit à son épisode. Elle inscrit également son propos dans des enjeux communautaires, ethniques et multiculturels, en le déployant au sein d’une famille issue de la diaspora grecque, mais liée par l’amour ou l’amitié à des personnes d’autres origines, d’autres confessions, d’autres sensibilités. Un tel dispositif narratif et esthétique produit alors plusieurs questionnements de nature éthique, dont le problème du relativisme moral face à la gifle auquel personnages et spectateurs se trouvent confrontés. Mais cette gifle joue aussi le rôle de révélateur éthique en mettant au jour des faits, dont la teneur engendre un réel trouble moral : est-on invité à relier ces faits pour mieux les comparer, au risque d’atténuer la gravité de certains, ou convient-il de les envisager sur le même plan, au risque peut-être de perdre toute boussole morale ? C’est ainsi la question socio-éthique du commun que la série met en crise tout en invitant à la penser.
Structuration narrative d’un espace public et analyse sémio-pragmatique d’Un Si Grand Soleil
Authors: Marty Frédéric , Péquignot Julien
Published: October 2024

L’article propose d’étudier la fonction éthique d’un arc narratif d’Un Si Grand Soleil par une double entrée d’analyse. D’une part la question est posée de savoir si une structuration narrative peut avoir pour fonction/résultat de proposer un espace public propice au débat de société. D’autre part, une approche sémio-pragmatique via les traces d’énonciation en ligne mesure la réalité expérimentée du côté de la réception à travers les types de sens produits au contact de la série.
“Product as a Service” Business Model in the Context of the Development of a Digital Circular Economy
Authors: Vetrova Maria A. , Ivanova Dinara V.
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought additional threats to the achievement of sustainable development goals from the health, economic and social crisis. In a dominant linear economy, achieving zero emissions and waste targets and enhancing sustainability in general is difficult. Therefore, the transition to a circular economy model, which has been actively developing in theory and practice in the last decade due to significant environmental, economic and social benefits, is of acute relevance. The development of the circular economy is supported by digital technologies that optimize costs and help implement circular business models into practice. The article focuses on the product as a service business model, which is the first step towards the transition to a circular economy. Product-as-a-service finds application in practice among leading companies and brings significant positive effects for producers, consumers and helps to achieve the goal of sustainable development.
Application of the Business Ecosystem Approach to the Transformation of Business Models in Industry
Authors: Hrytsevich Sviatlana , Tahir Muhammad Asad
Published: October 2024

Traditional industries that have dominated the market for decades are now facing new competitors that are changing the boundaries of industries and business models. These competitors are taking leadership positions due to the growth of digital technologies. One of the possible ways of successful functioning in the digital world can be the use of the concept of business ecosystems (BES), namely the introduction of a business ecosystem approach (BEA) to the formation of a new strategy for managing traditional business models. The article aims to reveal the relevance of the development of the BES concept and the use of BEA as a transitional element to the modern transformation of traditional industries. In this article, the author presents key conclusions on the refinement and use of criteria characterizing the functioning of business ecosystems for the organization of transformational processes, considering digitalization and intercompany integration. The author examines the example of the transformation of the light industry (textile and clothing) in the Republic of Belarus.
Digital Technologies in Ensuring Sustainable Development of Oil and Gas Territories in the Russian Federation
Authors: Egorov Danil P. , Chistobaev Anatoliy I. , Egorov Kirill P.
Published: October 2024

The introduction of digital technologies in oil and gas industry helps to reduce the anthropogenic burden on the environment and ensures sustainable development of territories in Russia. The article assesses the conditions for the introduction of digital technologies in the oil and gas business, identifies barriers to the spread of innovative methods for making managerial decisions, including everyday issues of people's lives and operating oil and gas industry facilities. Based on the statistical analysis, authors of the article identified the main causes of emergency situations in the oil and gas industry and developed a list of recommendations for its prevention or elimination of consequences. The study is shown that when using digital technologies the costs of the management process are reduced, bureaucratic delays in the preparation of the necessary documents for the population are eliminated; the opportunities for members of society to make managerial decisions are realized. The institutional imperfections and other factors were identified as the main barriers for innovation.
Integrated Management System Implementation Prospects at the Aerospace Complex Enterprises
Authors: Messineva Ekaterina M. , Fetisov Alexander G.
Published: October 2024

A comprehensive study of the current situation related to certification on ISO functional management systems (ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001) was carried out to assess the prospects for the integrated management systems creation and implementation in aerospace industry. This study analyzes complex data on the certificates number issued for aerospace enterprises in the world leading aerospace countries during the period 2009-2019. Paper demonstrates the current trends in the implementation and certification of quality, environmental, occupational health, and safety management systems by enterprises in this countries. During the investigation, both global trends and the domestic Russian trends were identified. Then Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the time series of the number of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certificates. Based on the obtained results, a basic scheme was proposed for the development of a digital integrated management system for enterprises in the aerospace industry, taking into account the specifics of the Russia.
Introduction to Digital Imaging
Authors: Jamshed Aatif , Mehra Pawan Singh , Samanta Debabrata , Gupta Tanaya , Bhardwaj Bharat
Published: October 2024

Digital imaging has revolutionized the field of photography and has become an integral part of our daily lives. It involves the use of electronic devices to capture, store, and manipulate images. This research aims to provide an introduction to digital imaging, exploring its history, technology, and applications. The chapter begins by tracing the evolution of digital imaging, from the first digital image created in 1957 to the present day. It delves into the technological advancements that have made digital imaging possible, such as the development of digital cameras, image sensors, and image processing software. The chapter also discusses the various components of a digital image, including pixels, resolution, and colour depth, and their significance in producing high-quality images. Furthermore, the chapter explores the applications of digital imaging in various fields such as healthcare, forensics, art, and entertainment. It examines how digital imaging has transformed these industries, making tasks more efficient, accurate, and cost-effective. Moreover, the chapter addresses the challenges and ethical concerns surrounding digital imaging, such as image manipulation and privacy issues. It also discusses the future of digital imaging, including emerging technologies and potential advancements. Overall, this research paper serves as a comprehensive overview of digital imaging, providing readers with a better understanding of its history, technology, and impact on society.
Computer-Assisted Analysis of Proteomics and Genomic
Authors: Aggarwal Sahil , Jain Ruchi , Agarwal Aayush , Saxena Sandeep , Haghi A. K.
Published: October 2024

Computer-assisted analysis of proteomics and genomics is a method that uses computational tools and algorithms to analyze and interpret vast amounts of data generated by these investigations. This process aids in identifying patterns, predicting protein functions, understanding gene expression patterns, and identifying potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets. It also allows for the integration of various data sources, such as gene ontologies, pathway databases, and protein-protein interaction networks, providing a comprehensive understanding of cellular functions and diseases. Recent technological advancements have transformed proteomics and genomics, enabling faster and more precise data analysis, which could significantly enhance our understanding of diseases, metabolic processes, and biomolecular interactions. This paper explores how computer-assisted analysis is revolutionizing biological research, reshaping genomics and proteomics, and improving our understanding of diseases and the development of tailored medicines. Combining proteomics and genomes can enhance biomarker identification, expedite drug development, produce personalized treatments, and deepen our understanding of disease causes. The future of biomedical research relies on the successful integration of proteomic and genomic data, necessitating interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation in bioinformatics and analytical techniques.
Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Shukla Anju , Kumar Shishir , Kushwah Virendra Singh , Singh Amarjeet
Published: October 2024

Medical image segmentation is a critical task in medical imaging that involves delineating structures of interest within medical images, such as organs, tissues, and abnormalities. The accuracy and efficiency of segmentation directly impact the quality of medical care, making it a pivotal component in modern healthcare. In this paper, Medical Image Segmentation Techniques are presented. Medical image processing involves a series of steps to transform raw medical image data into meaningful information for clinical decision-making. The detailed process is presented in the paper. Also, comparison of latest medical image segmentation techniques is compared based on Technique, Key features, advantages and limitation.
Feature Extraction and Feature Selection Procedures for Medical Image Analysis
Authors: Gupta Soumya , Gupta Sia
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into the critical processes of feature extraction and selection in medical image analysis, essential for transforming raw data into actionable insights. It begins with preprocessing techniques, including noise reduction using linear and nonlinear filters, to enhance image quality. Intensity-based methods utilize pixel statistics, while texture analysis techniques like Local Binary Patterns, co-occurrence matrices, wavelets, Fourier transforms, and orientation histograms capture intricate patterns. Deep learning-based features, especially autoencoders, automatically learn hierarchical data representations. For feature selection, filter methods evaluate relevance independently, wrapper methods iteratively train models to identify optimal subsets, and embedded methods integrate selection within training, promoting sparsity. Dimensionality reduction techniques like Principal Component Analysis (PCA) condense feature spaces, retaining essential information.
Advancing Medical Diagnostics on Computer-Assisted Analysis for Digital Medicinal Imagery
Authors: Kumar Ashwini , Tyagi Vishu , Singh Harikesh , Jain Sourabh
Published: October 2024

Digital medicinal imagery, comprising MRI, CT scans, and PET scans, constitutes a cornerstone of contemporary medical diagnostics. However, interpreting these intricate images presents formidable challenges, demanding considerable expertise and time. Computer-assisted analysis emerges as a promising approach to augment the accuracy and efficiency of medical diagnosis. This research proposal delineates a comprehensive study aimed at pioneering advanced computer-assisted analysis techniques tailored for digital medicinal imagery. The proposed study on investigating cutting-edge machine learning algorithms suitable for analyzing digital medicinal imagery, devising novel algorithms for automated disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment planning based on medical imaging data, rigorously evaluating the performance of these algorithms against existing methods through robust validation studies, and assessing the clinical feasibility and utility of integrating computer-assisted analysis tools into routine clinical practice.
Artificial Intelligence, Decision-Making, 6G, and Wearable IoT
Authors: Cruz Castañeda William Alberto
Published: October 2024

Healthcare is facing challenges, such as the rising cost of care, an increase in the elderly population, and the prevalence of chronic diseases. To address these challenges, there is a need to transform healthcare from a hospital-centered to a patient-centered model focused on disease management to improve well-being. To achieve this, decentralized healthcare services are integrated with the Internet of Things and cloud technologies. As a result, cost-effective digital healthcare services have emerged. These digital services use body sensor networks and wearable devices for health monitoring, ensuring access to health data. Nevertheless, data from several digital services is difficult to handle using conventional analysis procedures. Thus, this chapter proposes small-scale and large-scale digital smart healthcare service architectures to allow autonomy and decision-making founded on artificial intelligence, multiple criteria decisions, sixth-generation communication, cloud technologies, and wearable Internet of Things for point-of-care and chronic disease management.
Revolutionizing Skin Cancer Diagnosis With Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: October 2024

A frequent cancer worldwide is skin cancer. Non-melanoma exists. Melanoma kills more than non-melanoma skin malignancies. Successful treatment and early diagnosis improve skin cancer survival. Cancer burden and prognosis vary depending on the diagnosis type and stage. The biopsy method used to diagnose skin cancer is imprecise. To diagnose and treat skin cancer early, onco-dermatologists must enhance diagnostic accuracy. Doctors use several tools to diagnose skin lesions. Through image processing, AI has enhanced early skin cancer diagnosis. Radiology adopted artificial intelligence (AI) sooner than dermatology. AI is now more accessible because of technology, AI-powered expert systems can detect skin cancer early. This chapter examines early skin cancer diagnosis using machine learning (ML) models and the problem of automating skin cancer diagnosis with AI algorithms. This study sheds light on past and future efforts to diagnose early skin cancer and other concerns.
Teaching Strategies for Independent Living Skills to Individuals With Disabilities
Authors: Dimitriadou Ioanna , Panagiotidou Aliki , Milousi Aikaterini
Published: October 2024

Independent living for individuals with disabilities requires careful planning during the educational process. Independent living skills should be presented and then taught in a way that is readily accessible and understood by individuals with disabilities. The experiential approach is the dominant approach to teaching these skills. Different strategies will be used to teach different skills. In vivo education has, also, proved successful for teaching the above skills. This chapter will present the methods and strategies that, according to research, have been shown to be effective in the acquisition and generalisation of independent living skills.
Design Optimal Riser Size for Reducing Shrinkage Defect in 1100 Aluminum Alloy Sand Casting Process
Authors: Hoochaiyaphum Sumethinee , Jantasorn Pawat , Suwankan Patpimol
Published: October 2024

This research aims to design a sprue system for aluminum castings in sand pores for a basic form prototype in metal casting, which is a one-piece pattern with a parting line. There are several types of liquid metal gating systems available. In the design, variables were specified regarding the height of the sprue, the cross-sectional area of the sprue, the cross-sectional area of the reservoir, the cross-sectional area of the runner, and the cross-sectional area of the gating. The riser size was used as a comparison variable. Following study and design, an experiment was conducted to cast the actual casting and to analyze the behavior simulation using Cast-Designer to determine a solution. In the simulation, the following results were found: the time taken to add liquid metal; the flow behavior of liquid metal; the metal hardening time; and the formation of shrinkage cavities in the casting. Based on the results of casting experiments and behavioral simulations, it was demonstrated that the large riser significantly reduced the shrinkage of the actual casting.
Lichen-associated Fungi Inhabiting from a Mangrove Ecosystem in Sri Lanka: A Novel Source of Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Happitiya H. A. D. N. N. , Nanayakkara C. M. , Ariyawansa K. G. S. U. , Ediriweera S. S. , Wijayawardene N. N. , Jayasinghe R. P. P. K., , Dai Don-Qin , Karunarathna S. C.
Published: October 2024

The global threat of antimicrobial resistance has spurred interest in discovering innovative antimicrobial agents from diverse sources. Amid the rise of new diseases, the quest for novel drug leads has intensified. This study explores the antibacterial potential of lichen-associated fungi in mangrove ecosystems, using NARA Regional Research Centre in Kalpitiya, Sri Lanka as the study site. Lichen-associated fungi were isolated from collected lichens and the antibacterial activities of the isolates were tested using two gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) and two gram-negative bacteria: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25853) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). Putative fungal isolates were primarily screened using agar plug diffusion assay and ethyl acetate extracts of fungal isolates with marked activity were secondarily screened using the well diffusion assay in triplicate. Isolate LIF 0803 identified as Trichosporon faecale showed the most outstanding antibacterial activities as 2.58, 3.43, 4.2, 4.5 cm of zone diameter at 100 mg/mL, and 1.95, 3.08, 3.7, 4.3 cm of zone diameter at 50 mg/mL against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. coli respectively. All nine fungal isolates showed promising antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and negative bacteria. Therefore, this study showed that lichen-associated fungi in mangrove ecosystems have potent antibacterial activities. Hence, bioassay-guided fractionation of active compounds from lichen-associated fungi and structure elucidation are warranted.
“I have some people who actually really care:” Young sexual minority women’s lived experiences of non-suicidal self-injury disclosure
Authors: Taliaferro Lindsay A. , Muehlenkamp Jennifer J. , Wrubluski Dahlia , Reeves Karli , Job Sarah A. , Dvorak Robert D. , Schrimshaw Eric W.
Published: October 2024

Sexual minority youth are more likely to engage in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) than their heterosexual peers, and sexual minority women demonstrate greater risk of NSSI than their sexual minority male counterparts. However, a lack of research exists on NSSI among young sexual minority women, particularly their NSSI disclosure experiences. We used a descriptive-interpretive, qualitative design with semi-structured interviews to examine young sexual minority women’s lived experiences disclosing NSSI and of others’ responses to these disclosures. The sample included 65 sexual minority women aged 14-30 recruited via paid social media advertising from across the U.S. We performed an inductive thematic analysis of transcripts from 58 participants (89%) who reported a history of NSSI. Participants shared reasons for disclosure (wanting help, communicating distress) or nondisclosure (cultural stigmas), types of disclosure (accidental/involuntary, and direct/voluntary), and recipients of a disclosure (friends, partners, mental health providers, and parents). They also described responses to, and feelings after, NSSI disclosure, revealing two themes: i) Unhelpful/stigmatizing responses (based on fear, anger, and apathy) and ii) Helpful/destigmatizing responses (expressions of concern, emotional support, and alternative coping strategies). Overall, young sexual minority women’s disclosure experiences were consistent with those of other populations, highlighting the need to further reduce stigma about NSSI, as well as sexual minority identities, and provide universal education promoting helpful responses to NSSI disclosure.
Paediatric cerebral palsy in South Africa: Prevention and care gaps at hospital level
Authors: Katangwe Thembi J. , Kruger Mariana , Van Toorn Ronald , Van Zyl Jeanetta , Ndlovu Sandile , Solomons Regan , Donald Kirsten A.
Published: October 2024

Background: Population-based data show high proportions of severe cases of cerebral palsy (CP) in resource-poor regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, where most children have potentially preventable risk factors (factors that may increase the likelihood of CP occurrence but can be mitigated through medical interventions).Objectives: This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical profile of children living with CP accessing services at Tygerberg Hospital over a period of 10 years (2010–2020), identify the potential gaps in care (proportion of individuals in a country requiring but not receiving suboptimal or inadequate care), and comparison with a similar study at the same centre two decades ago.Method: This 10-year retrospective study investigated causes and morbidities in children with CP, attending a central hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa.Results: A total of 613 children with CP were identified. Perinatal causes were predominant, especially in 57.7% (n = 354) of the cohort: perinatal asphyxia (41.1%) and preterm birth (16.6%). Postnatal causes constituted 15.2% (n = 93), which included tuberculous meningitis (3.6%) and bacterial meningitis (3.6%). The most common complications were intellectual impairment (61.8%; n = 379); epilepsy (30.8%; n = 189) and visual impairment (54.7%; n = 234). A third of the cohort had severe CP, classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System IV and V (38%).Conclusion: Most of the previously documented main drivers of CP are still present and the implementation of healthcare prevention strategies remains inadequate.Contribution: This study provides longitudinal evidence to confirm that CP in a South African setting is associated with a high burden of potentially preventable causes.
Ulwaluko: A critical site for black theological reflection
Authors: Mdokwana Ayanda
Published: October 2024

Ulwaluko is an essential rite of passage for men in the Xhosa community in South Africa. This particular initiation rite of passage is a critical part of the transition from boyhood to manhood. In a post-apartheid South Africa, this African practice has received criticism for promoting gender and sexual exclusion with some calling for a halt to the practice. Using Simon Maimela’s theological anthropology and Jackson’s concept of modern slavery as human plasticity, I attempt to expose how post-apartheid constitutionalism has epistemically distorted the theological anthropology of this rite of passage. This is done acknowledging Ulwaluko theologically within the context of African holism. This, I argue, has had significant ethical implications for society. Recognising it as a site of black theological reflection using Maimela’s theological anthropology, I argue that this particular practice can positively influence discourses on morality in South Africa.Contribution: This article makes a theological contribution by situating African and black theology of liberation discourse within the epistemic framework of Ulwaluko as an initiation rite of passage. Recognising the prevalence of initiation rites of passage in South Africa, this discourse attempts to contribute towards thinking about the creation of humanity from these spaces of formation. This I do in the very challenging contexts within which Ulwaluko is practised.
Tobacco use and readiness to treat tobacco users among primary healthcare professionals in Soweto
Authors: Alagidede Ann N. , Omole Olufemi B.
Published: October 2024

Background: Despite its hampering influence on the willingness of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to implement tobacco cessation treatments, the tobacco use status of these professionals remains understudied in South Africa.Methods: This cross-sectional study, which sampled 444 HCPs, was conducted in five community health centres in Soweto. A self-administered questionnaire collected information on socio-demography, tobacco use, quit attempts and readiness to implement tobacco cessation treatments for their patients.Results: The mean age was 41 years. Most were female, 80% (n = 355); single, 54.1% (n = 240) and black professionals, 91.6% (n = 405). About 22% (n = 96) were ever-users of tobacco, 12.6% (n = 56) current users and 9% (n = 40) ex-users. About 56.6% (n = 30) of current users had contemplated quitting in the past year. Approximately 68% (n = 300) and 82.2% (n = 365) of respondents were ready and willing to implement tobacco cessation treatments, respectively. Only 32% (n = 143) of respondents had received any training on tobacco use and cessation treatments. There was no significant association between tobacco use and readiness to implement cessation treatments (p = 0.50).Conclusion: Tobacco use is prevalent among HCPs and does not influence the implementation of cessation treatments in South African primary health care. Although most reported readiness and willingness to quit tobacco use, more training is required in both formal education and continued professional development.Contribution: This study demonstrates the alarming rate of tobacco product use among primary health care professionals in South Africa. While there is a strong willingness to implement tobacco cessation treatments for their patients, most healthcare professionals still require training to enhance their self-efficacy.
The Impact of (In)Civility on Selected Individual and Organisational Outcomes in Financial Services
Authors: Harrilall Savina , De Beer Leon T.
Published: October 2024

Orientation: Despite its ubiquitous impact, the South African financial services sector lacks understanding of the constructs of civility and incivility.Research purpose: The study investigated the impact of (in)civility on work engagement, organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), and turnover intention in a South African financial services organisation using adapted (in)civility scales.Motivation for the study: The dearth of research within the South African financial services organisation on the constructs of (in)civility and its impact as well as the testing of an adapted tool, necessitated this research.Research approach/design and method: A non-experimental research design, with purposive sampling (N = 305) was used in this study. Specifically, we used latent variable modelling methods in a confirmatory manner to establish a measurement and structural model from which to make inferences.Main findings: The study found that (in)civility is related, can co-exist and is independent. The findings accentuated the need to further explore how (in)civility is conceptualised, experienced and measured. Results showed that civility specifically, yielded positive outcomes, while incivility had a negative effect. Work engagement serves as a mediator in the relationships between civility, OCB and turnover intention only.Practical/managerial implications: The study suggests that organisations deepen their understanding of civility and incivility, and focus on promoting positive behaviours. Cultivating a civil organisational climate leads to beneficial outcomes.Contribution/value-add: The study enhances South Africa’s understanding of workplace (in)civility by testing adapted scales and promoting construct alignment between definition and measurement.
Religion, politics and war: Recollections on General Ndaya and Kenya’s quest for independence
Authors: Gathogo Julius M.
Published: October 2024

The mosaic law of advocating the paying of life with life, and an “eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, [and] stripe for stripe” (Exodus 21:23-25), came out clearly on 15th and 16th October 1953, as the politics of land and freedom [wiyathi na ithaka] in the colonial Kenya brought their ugly faces through a deadly violence. While the 15th October saw the Mau Mau rebels attack and kill two Roman Catholic Sisters (Cecilia Wangeci and Rosetta Njeri) at the Baricho Centre, the 16th October 1953 saw the capture of the rebel’s leader (Wanjagi wa Ndegwa, also known as General Ndaya) and his subsequent killing. In trying to understand the interface between religion, politics, and war in the African context, the research article has sampled the twin issues (the battle of River Ragati and the attacks on the Baricho Catholic Church of 1953)to alert the post-colonial Africa on the dangers of conflict among the trio.Contribution: This research article contributes to the broad scope of Theologia Viatorum journal via a multidisciplinary perspective that interfaces religion, politics, and war. It utilises a theo-historical design, and oral history techniques, such as storytelling, archival sources, personal communications with selected individuals, and through an extensive review of relevant literature.