bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of InAl-alloyed Ga2O3 nanowires for self-powered ultraviolet detectors by a CVD method
Authors: Li Bei , Dong Zhiyu , Xu Wei , Li Guowei , Yang Xiaozhan , Feng Shuanglong , Feng Wenlin , Lu Wenqiang
Published: July 2024

Ga2O3 is a kind of wide-band gap semiconductor, which has great potential in deep ultraviolet detection because of its high efficiency and fast response.
Electrochemical and optical protocols for the detection and removal of an antibiotic drug rifaximin from wastewater
Authors: Riffat Ifra , Shah Afzal
Published: July 2024

Glassy carbon electrode modified with amino-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NH2-fMWCNTs) for the detection of rifaximin and the removal of this drug from wastewater using ZnO nanoparticles.
Bimetallic metal–organic framework glass as a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting: the roles of metal sites
Authors: Xue Song , Cao Fengliang , Huang Yin , Hou Shujin , Fan Xiying
Published: July 2024

A bimetallic MOF glass, ZIF-62(Co)–Ni, is used to study its bimetallic functions in oxygen and hydrogen evolution. The cobalt and nickel sites provide unique functionality, resulting in superior water splitting performance.
Interface compatibility-induced quasi-volume-preserving martensitic phase transition in all-d-metal Co2NiT (T = Ti and V) Heusler compounds
Authors: Lv Tianyu , Li Guijiang , Sun Qihang , Zheng Yi
Published: July 2024

The quasi-volume-preserving martensitic phase transition in all-d-metal Co2NiT (T = Ti and V) Heusler compounds results from the interface compatibility between high-symmetric cubic phases and low-symmetric tetragonal phases.
Construction of energy transfer channels from [SbCl6]3− to Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Ho3+, Er3+) in Cs2NaGdCl6 for advanced anti-counterfeiting materials
Authors: Li Yanyang , Du Huimin , Ma Yue , Liu Meifang , Zou Jian , Wang Shentang , Yang Jun , Hu Shanshan , Lin Jun
Published: July 2024

Construction of energy transfer channels from [SbCl6]3− to Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Ho3+, Er3+) in CNGC opens up new possibilities for high security anti-counterfeiting applications.
Constructing highly functional oxygen defect Li7La3Zr2O12-polyacrylonitrile composite electrolytes for all-solid state lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Tian Hualing , Zhang Yanhui , Cai Yanjun , Yao Xiang , Su Zhi
Published: July 2024

The LLZO-2-PAN composite electrolyte achieving excellent ionic conductivity of 1.11 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C and a broad electrochemical stability window of 4.29 V. Oxygen vacancies play an important role on ionic conductivity and interfacial stability.
Research on transaction privacy protection solutions for cross‐border commerce
Authors: Ma JinCheng , Li Fei
Published: July 2024

In response to the dual privacy protection challenges concerning the confidentiality of transaction amounts and identities in cross‐border trade, a transaction scheme that combines +HomEIG Zero Knowledge Proof (+HomEIG‐ZKProof) and the national encryption algorithm SM2 is proposed. While ensuring transaction traceability and verifiability, this scheme achieves privacy protection for both payers’ and recipients’ identities, specifically tailored for cross‐border trade scenarios. Additionally, customs authorities play the role of supervisory nodes to verify the identities of transaction parties and the zero‐knowledge proofs for transaction information. The RAFT consensus algorithm is employed to construct a secure authentication application, demonstrating how zero‐knowledge proofs, combined with homomorphic encryption, can be verified through a consensus process. In this scenario, the legitimacy of transaction amounts is subject to zero‐knowledge verification during consensus interactions. Merchant identity verification is accomplished using SM2 ring signatures. The analysis indicates that this scheme offers strong security features such as resistance to tampering attacks, public key replacement attacks, impersonation attacks, and anonymity. Testing results demonstrate that this scheme can effectively provide dual privacy protection for transaction amounts and identities in cross‐border trade, meeting the practical requirements of privacy protection in cross‐border trade transactions.
Ultrasonic localization method based on Chan‐WLS algorithm for detecting power transformer partial discharge faults by fibre optic F‐P sensing array
Authors: Liu Hong , Yang Tianhe , Zhang Zhixian , Tian Haoyuan , Song Yuxuan , Sun Qiuxia , Wang Wei , Geng Yunjun , Chen Weigen
Published: July 2024

Fibre optic F‐P sensor has become one of the mainstream detection methods for partial discharge faults due to their advantages of good insulation, high sensitivity, resistance to electromagnetic interference, simple structure and inexpensive pricing. The first‐order resonant frequency of the acoustically sensitive diaphragm of the F‐P sensor is given based on the theory of plate and shell vibration, and the fibre optic F‐P sensing array is designed based on the Fabry–Perot interference principle. A sensor installation method is also proposed for introducing a fibre optic F‐P probe into the power transformer interior using a fibre optic penetrator through flange at the power transformer oil change valve. A system of non‐linear equations is developed by utilising the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the partial discharge ultrasound signal propagation to the F‐P sensing array. The Chan‐WLS algorithm is used to convert the non‐linear equations in the TDOA localisation method into a non‐linear optimisation problem to be solved and experimentally verified on the 220 kV real power transformer. The experimental results show that the error in the partial discharge fault localisation is solved based on the Chan‐WLS algorithm and the actual location is 20.27 cm, which is within the acceptable error.
Nonmonotonic load‐dependence of friction during nanoparticle manipulation
Authors: Luo Chunsheng , Chen Lei , Tang Chuan , Liu Yangqin , Jiang Yilong , Qian Linmao
Published: July 2024

The tribological behaviors of nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted widespread attention in the fields of nano‐lubrication and ultra‐precision manufacturing. The frictional and dynamic behaviors of SiO2 NPs acting with the single asperity were studied on silicon surface utilizing atomic force microscope. The friction forces of NPs, both static and kinetic, exhibit an initial decrease followed by an increase as the normal load increases (0–300 nN). The nonmonotonic load‐dependence of friction behavior corresponds to the dynamic transformation of “sliding‐rolling‐sliding” motion state of the manipulated NPs, which can be predicted by a Double‐Hertz model and further confirmed by nanoindentation‐marked NPs. This research has a significant implication for regulating dynamic behaviors of NPs in contemporary three‐body abrasive tribology.
DRU‐HVDC for offshore wind power transmission: A review
Authors: Yu Lujie , Fu Ziyu , Li Rui , Zhu Jiebei
Published: July 2024

The rapid development of offshore wind farms (OWFs) calls for economical and reliable power transmission technology. This review paper focuses on the diode‐rectifier‐unit based high voltage direct current (DRU‐HVDC) transmission systems. The main technical features of DRU‐HVDC are highlighted and the comparisons with MMC‐HVDC and LCC‐HVDC are conducted. Considering the uncontrollability of DRU and the necessity of offshore wind turbines (WTs) to establish offshore network, the existing decentralized and centralized control strategies are reviewed in detail. For the fully‐grid‐forming converter, the operation principle of the P–V and Q–f power control is explained from the OWF‐DRU level and the WT level, respectively. For the partial‐grid‐forming converter, why the voltage control loop can be eliminated is analysed. Focusing on the start‐up issue caused by the unidirectional‐power‐flow characteristic of DRU, several start‐up solutions are reviewed, including medium voltage alternative current (MVAC) umbilical cable, auxiliary MMC, energy storage for WTs, auxiliary low voltage DC cable. Then considering different fault locations, the fault characteristic and protection of the DRU‐HVDC system is presented, including the offshore AC faults, DRU faults, HVDC faults and onshore AC faults. Finally, the future research topics worth exploring for DRU‐HVDC system are identified.
Les limites de la stérilisation chirurgicale :
quand recourir à la castration chimique
Authors: Furthner Étienne , Fontbonne Alain
Published: July 2024

Les conséquences de la stérilisation sont nombreuses et des études récentes tendent à montrer que les effets de la stérilisation à long terme sont bien plus complexes que prévus.

En parallèle, l’intérêt pour les possibilités de stérilisation médicale, non invasives, va en grandissant, bien que des conséquences similaires à celles de la stérilisation chirurgicale ne sont pas exclues.
Nous décrivons ici dans un premier temps les limites de la stérilisation chirurgicale pour ensuite discuter des options de stérilisation médicale.
Les méthodes de contraception réversibles à base d’implants
chez la chatte : avantages et limites
Authors: Gogny Anne , Topie Emmanuel , Rosset Émilie
Published: July 2024

Les implants sous-cutanés de desloréline ou de mélatonine permettent de prévenir l'œstrus chez la chatte. L'implant de desloréline inhibe les chaleurs pendant 16 à 37 mois, mais il existe de fortes variations individuelles.

La mélatonine inhibe le cycle pendant 2 à 4 mois en fonction du stade du cycle où l'implant est injecté.

Les deux types de traitement sont susceptibles de provoquer un œstrus dans les jours qui suivent leur injection.

La desloréline comme la mélatonine semblent interférer de façon limitée sur la fertilité ultérieure des femelles, mais des effets indésirables sur l'appareil génital sont possibles.
A dual pathway for understanding the relation between wellbeing and resilience
Authors: Riasnugrahani Missiliana , Setiawan Tery , de Jong Edwin , Takwin Bagus
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the intricate connections between relational wellbeing and individual resilience, through family and community protective factors. As such, we aim to bridge an existing gap in resilience literature by examining the elements that contribute to individual resilience from a relational perspective through a random sample of slum dwellers in Indonesia. To address this research gap, we adopted White’s conceptualisation of relational wellbeing and integrated Benard’s perspective on individual resilience and applied them using established measures to assess the general population living in slum areas across three Indonesian cities: Bima, Manado and Pontianak. Rigorous confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to establish the validity and reliability of all employed measures. The results of the mediated-path analysis underscore the significance of family protective factors in most relationships between dimensions of relational wellbeing and individual resilience. Notably, the two mediators exhibited distinct effects: the former positively mediated the relation, while the latter demonstrated an inverted mediation effect. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of the nuanced interplay between wellbeing and resilience, particularly regarding the impact of familial and community support on individuals’ ability to cope with daily life challenges, especially in disaster-prone areas.
Features of temperature dependences electrical resistance of Bi88.08Mn11.92 in magnetic fields
Authors: Terekhov A. V. , Rogacki K. , Yarovyi V. M. , Kovalyuk Z. D. , Lähderanta E. , Khristenko E. V. , Solovjov A. L.
Published: July 2024

The temperature dependences of the electrical resistance of the solid solution of Bi88.08Mn11.92 in the temperature range of 2–300 K and magnetic fields up to 90 kOe for both H ⊥ I and H || I are studied. It has been shown that in a magnetic field, the temperature dependences of the electrical resistance of Bi88.08Mn11.92 show maxima (insulator–metal transition) for both the H ⊥ I and H || I orientations. The temperatures of the maxima increase with increasing field. The appearance of a noticeable difference between the temperature dependences of the electrical resistances of Bi88.08Mn11.92 and the compound Bi95.69Mn3.69Fe0.62 with a lower Mn content and pure Bi is discussed. It has been established that the magnetoresistance of Bi88.08Mn11.92 is positive over the entire temperature range studied and reaches a value of 3290% in a magnetic field of 90 kOe for H ⊥ I, which is approximately 400% higher than in the Bi95.69Mn3.69Fe0.62 compound with lower Mn content. A suggestion has been made that the peculiarities temperature dependences behavior of the electrical resistance of Bi88.08Mn11.92 without a magnetic field and in the field, are largely due to the influence of internal magnetism of the α-BiMn phase and can be explained within the framework of the multiband theory.
Carbon-based implantable bioelectronics
Authors: Liu Shan , Li Xue , Gan Li , Liu Sutong , Luo Hongzhi , Du Xiaoxin , Loutfy Samah A. , Tan Hong , Guo Jinhong , Li Chenzhong
Published: July 2024

Real-time health monitoring and precision treatment are important in the biomedical field. Researchers have focused on unique gadgets with peculiar functions, which have emerged from the merging of electronic components with biological systems. Because implantable bioelectronics can sense bodily information or elicit bodily reactions in living creatures from sites outside the body, they are becoming helpful and promising remedies for a variety of ailments. Carbon materials are more suitable than other materials for the manufacture of implantable medical electronics due to their excellent biocompatibility, fatigue resistance, and low specific gravity. Therefore, carbon materials can apply to a wide range of implantable drug delivery devices, biosensors, therapeutic stimulators, and energy storage and play irreplaceable roles in neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and locomotor systems, among others. This review aims to offer researchers insight into carbon-based implantable bioelectronics in the biomedical field. Initially, various types of carbon materials were introduced. Subsequently, it delves into carbon-based implantable bioelectronics from four perspectives: implantable actuators, biosensors, drug delivery systems, and power supplies. Furthermore, we anticipate the future direction and potential applications of carbon-based implantable bioelectronics. Given the evolving field of nanotechnology and bioelectronics, we are optimistic that these devices will foster significant breakthroughs and innovations in the biomedical sector. Ultimately, this review aims to assist researchers in navigating the choices and directions of carbon-based implantable bioelectronics, thereby promoting the advancement of the biomedical field and contributing positively to the health and welfare of humankind.
Terahertz wave generation by nonlinear mixing of lasers in a finite overdense plasma slab
Authors: Kaur Roopkiranpreet , Pathak Nidhi , Agarwal P. C. , Kaur Harjeet , Kaur Paramjit , Kaur Sukhdeep
Published: July 2024

A method of generating THz radiation by nonlinear mixing of lasers obliquely incident on a finite slab of overdense plasma is formulated analytically. The incoming laser beam exerted a ponderomotive force on free electrons, which started oscillating at a frequency equal to the frequency difference of two laser beams. This results in a nonlinear current leading to THz radiation generation at the reflection as well as at the transmission side of the plasma slab. We have seen the effect of incident angle on the amplitudes of reflected and transmitted amplitudes of generated THz radiation. It is observed that the thickness of the slab and plasma density are the contributing parameters for the intensity of THz radiation generation.
A study of thermal and nonlinear radiative aspects in peristalsis of Cu–H2O through compliant wall conduits
Authors: Bilal S. , Farooq S. , Zafar B. , Alotaibi Hammad
Published: July 2024

Insertion of nanoparticles in ordinary materials to examine the performance of their improved thermal abilities in the fluid flow is the hot topic of the present period of scientific research. In addition, various engineering, physiological, and medical applications, e.g., heat exchangers, hybrid vehicles, war arms, drug deliveries, and different medicines of nanoparticles, are evident. Peristaltic mechanism has a vital role as a material carrier in various engineering and physiological processes. Thus, this attempt is accounted to study the nanoparticles flow via a rotating peristaltic channel in the presence of magnetohydrodynamics and compliant walls aspects. In addition, the effects of slip, Hall, heat generation/absorption, and non-linear thermal radiation are also considered. Furthermore, the flow equations are modeled using the definition of conservation laws. Expression for effective and base quantities of nanoparticles is also mentioned. The flow formulation is reduced by incorporating a low Reynolds number approximation and higher wavelength assumption. The obtained reduced system of equation is handled through a numerical procedure called the shooting algorithm. Then, the obtained solution is used to plot the behavior of quantities of interest against present dimensionless parameters. The obtained result indicates that axial and secondary velocities face negligible resistance for higher wall elastic properties, and thus, velocities enhance where the wall damping property produces maximum resistance to the flow with decay in both velocities. The second-order axial velocity slip parameter disturbs the symmetry of the velocity field. Due to the higher volume fraction of copper nanoparticles, a huge collision between particles is evident, as a response both axial and secondary velocities decay, and temperature enhances because of larger amount of collision. For higher radiation effects, the rate of heat transfer is maximum due to which the system’s temperature declines.
Glows, arcs, ohmic discharges: An electrode-centered review on discharge modes and the transitions between them
Authors: Anders André
Published: July 2024

Ever since they have been studied, gas discharges have been classified by their visual appearance as well as by their current and voltage levels. Glow and arc discharges are the most prominent and well-known modes of discharges involving electrodes. In a first approximation, they are distinguished by their current and voltage levels, and current–voltage characteristics are a common way to display their relations. In this review, glow discharges are defined by their individual electron emission mechanism such as secondary electron emission by photons and primary ions, and arcs by their respective collective mechanism such as thermionic or explosive electron emission. Emitted electrons are accelerated in the cathode sheath and play an important role in sustaining the discharge plasma. In some cases, however, electron emission is not important for sustaining the plasma, and consequently we have neither a glow nor an arc discharge but a third type of discharge, the ohmic discharge. In part 1 of this review, these relationships are explained for quasi-stationary discharges, culminating with updated graphical presentations of I–V characteristics (Figs. 15 and 16). In part 2, further examples are reviewed to include time-dependent discharges, discharges with electron trapping (hollow cathode, E×B discharges) and active anode effects.
Enhancing supercapacitor energy density by TiN–ZnS composites unveiled as a promising electrode
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Riaz Junaid , Bibi Amina , Yang Hongran , Zhu Ting
Published: July 2024

This work describes a low-cost wet chemical synthesis technique to produce TiN–ZnS nanocomposites suitable for high energy density supercapacitors. Ti, Zn, N, and S elements in the synthesized materials were verified using comprehensive morphological, structural, and surface chemical investigations. Due to improved electric conductivity and electroactivity, this TiN–ZnS nanocomposite electrode exhibited excellent capacitance and charge transport kinetics, outperforming individual TiN and ZnS electrodes in electrochemical performance. The TiN–ZnS || MnO2 electrode configuration in an asymmetric supercapacitor system exhibited a high energy density of 74.13 Wh kg−1 and an exceptional power density of 7648 W kg−1 at a current density of 9 A g−1. The TiN–ZnS electrode also showed a remarkable retention rate of 96.8% even after 10 000 cycles. This work highlights the potential of the TiN–ZnS composite as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors.
Variation in wheat yield and soil properties at different landscape positions, nutrient sources, and rates in the tropical cereal-based cropping systems of Ethiopia
Authors: Agegnehu Getachew , Woldearegay Beza Shewangizaw , Desta Gizaw , Amede Tilahun , Mekonnen Kindu , Legesse Gizachew , Gashaw Tadesse , Van Rooyen Andre , Degefu Tulu , Thorne Peter
Published: July 2024

Context There is limited information on how catena features can be used to refine fertiliser recommendations in the undulating landscapes of the east African highlands. Aims (1) Determine the effects of landscape positions and soil types on crop-nutrient responses, and rainwater productivity (RWP); and (2) identify wheat yield-limiting nutrients across landscape positions. Methods Two sets of on-farm nutrient management experiments with wheat were conducted on foot slope, mid-slope, and hillslope positions over 71 sites in 2016 and 2019. The first experiment were on Vertisols, Nitisols, Regosols, and Cambisols with different levels of N/P2O5, K2O, and SO4. The second experiment were on Vertisols, Nitisols, and Cambisols with different levels of N/P2O5 and Zn. Key results NP increased yield across landscape positions. NP × K and NP × S interactions increased total biomass by 5–76%. Zinc × soil type interaction increased total biomass on Vertisols (6%) and Cambisols (9%), but increasing Zn did not improve yield on Nitisols. Zinc × landscape position interaction increased total biomass at foot slope (2%) and mid-slope (13%) positions. Zinc × NP interaction increased biomass yield on Cambisols, Nitisols, and Vertisols. N138P69 significantly increased RWP at foot slope, mid-slope, and hillslope positions. Soil nutrient and water contents decreased with increasing slope regardless of nutrient source and application rate. Conclusions Landscape position may be an indicator for targeting site-specific fertiliser recommendations. Farms on hillslopes could be better ameliorated by applying organic amendments with sustainable land management practices. Implications Taking into account landscape position can help better manage fertiliser use on undulating land in the east African highlands.
On the friendship paradox and inversity: A network property with applications to privacy-sensitive network interventions
Authors: Kumar Vineet , Krackhardt David , Feld Scott
Published: July 2024

We provide the mathematical and empirical foundations of the friendship paradox in networks, often stated as “Your friends have more friends than you.” We prove a set of network properties on friends of friends and characterize the concepts of ego-based and alter-based means. We propose a network property called inversity that quantifies the imbalance in degrees across edges and prove that the sign of inversity determines the ordering between ego-based or alter-based means for any network, with implications for interventions. Network intervention problems like immunization benefit from using highly connected nodes. We characterize two intervention strategies based on the friendship paradox to obtain such nodes, with the alter-based and ego-based strategy. Both strategies provide provably guaranteed improvements for any network structure with variation in node degrees. We demonstrate that the proposed strategies obtain several-fold improvement (100-fold in some networks) in node degree relative to a random benchmark, for both generated and real networks. We evaluate how inversity informs which strategy works better based on network topology and show how network aggregation can alter inversity. We illustrate how the strategies can be used to control contagion of an epidemic spreading across a set of village networks, finding that these strategies require far fewer nodes to be immunized (less than 50%, relative to random). The interventions do not require knowledge of network structure, are privacy-sensitive, are flexible for time-sensitive action, and only require selected nodes to nominate network neighbors.
Reception zones of translated Nigerian literature in France
Authors: Madueke Sylvia Ijeoma
Published: July 2024

French translations of Nigerian literature have evolved since its introduction in France in 1953. Previous research documented periodic gaps and accounted for an ongoing translation of Nigerian literary texts in France. Since Nigerian literature has emerged as one of France’s most translated Anglophone African works, this study pursues this field by investigating how the French target culture receives and legitimizes this new literature. Consequently, it discusses several zones for the reception of Nigerian literature translated in France. Through a case study of the translation of a Nigerian writer, a general analysis of a mainstream French magazine and review platforms, and information garnered from interviews and fieldwork in France, this study shows that the prestige of a publisher, an author’s literary status, and thematic and political leanings contribute to successful reception and visibility in the target literary system. Critical and popular reception analyses from this study indicate progress in the domain of translated Nigerian literature, such as that translated Nigerian literature is featured in a mainstream French magazine. However, they show a lack of more comprehensive and systematic representation crucial for literary legitimization and visibility of translated Nigerian literature.
Eikonal approximation for Floquet scattering
Authors: Liu Yaru , Zhang Peng
Published: July 2024

The eikonal approximation (EA) is widely used in various high-energy scattering problems. In this work we generalize this approximation from the scattering problems with time-independent Hamiltonian to the ones with periodical Hamiltonians, i.e., the Floquet scattering problems. We further illustrate the applicability of our generalized EA via the scattering problem with respect to a shaking spherical square-well potential, by comparing the results given by this approximation and the exact ones. The generalized EA we developed is helpful for the research of manipulation of high-energy scattering processes with external field, e.g. the manipulation of atom, molecule or nuclear collisions or reactions via strong laser fields.
High-dimensional nonlinear variable separation solutions and novel wave excitations for the (4 + 1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli equation
Authors: Liang Zu-feng , Tang Xiao-yan , Ding Wei
Published: July 2024

Considering the importance of higher-dimensional equations that are widely applied to real nonlinear problems, many (4 + 1)-dimensional integrable systems have been established by uplifting the dimensions of their corresponding lower-dimensional integrable equations. Recently, an integrable (4 + 1)-dimensional extension of the Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli (4DBLMP) equation has been proposed, which can also be considered as an extension of the famous Korteweg–de Vries equation that is applicable in fluids, plasma physics and so on. It is shown that new higher-dimensional variable separation solutions with several arbitrary lower-dimensional functions can also be obtained using the multilinear variable separation approach for the 4DBLMP equation. In addition, by taking advantage of the explicit expressions of the new solutions, versatile (4 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear wave excitations can be designed. As an illustration, periodic breathing lumps, multi-dromion-ring-type instantons, and hybrid waves on a doubly periodic wave background are discovered to reveal abundant nonlinear structures and dynamics in higher dimensions.
Charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory calculations in combination with linear combination of numerical atomic orbitals framework based density functional theory
Authors: Qu 瞿 Xin 鑫 , Xu 许 Peng 鹏 , Liu 刘 Zhiyong 志勇 , Wang 王 Jintao 金涛 , Wang 王 Fei 飞 , Huang 黄 Wei 威 , Li 李 Zhongxin 忠星 , Xu 徐 Weichang 卫昌 , Ren 任 Xinguo 新国
Published: July 2024

We present a formalism of charge self-consistent dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) within the linear combination of numerical atomic orbitals (LCNAO) framework. We implemented the charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT formalism by interfacing a full-potential all-electron DFT code with three hybridization expansion-based continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo impurity solvers. The benchmarks on several 3d, 4f and 5f strongly correlated electron systems validated our formalism and implementation. Furthermore, within the LCANO framework, our formalism is general and the code architecture is extensible, so it can work as a bridge merging different LCNAO DFT packages and impurity solvers to do charge self-consistent DFT+DMFT calculations.
Classifying Rice Leaf Diseases through CNN for the Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Krishnaveni R , Tamilselvan S , Prakash N , Haridass K , Harish S M , Lalith Kumar U
Published: July 2024

A major source of revenue and a means of sustenance in India is agriculture. Rice is a staple meal that is farmed in the major areas of India. It has been discovered that diseases significantly harm rice harvests, causing considerable costs for the agricultural sector. Plant pathologists are searching for an accurate and reliable method of identifying the illness afflicting rice plants. One effective use of machine learning in crop remote sensing is the categorization of agricultural illnesses. A major area of research right now for detecting agricultural diseases is deep learning. In this study, an effective Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based technique for detecting leaf disease in rice plants was developed. The major subjects of this study are the three well-known rice illnesses brown spot, hispa and leaf blast. This approach for diagnosing and recognising rice plant disease is based on the size, shape, and colour of lesions in the leaf picture. In Otsu’s global thresholding, the background noise is removed from the picture by binarizing it. The Histogram of gradient image edges and features are then displayed to see whether the image contains vectors that can identify sick regions. This model is used to learn the features after the vectors have been validated. It then divides the rice leaf images into four categories: healthy, brown spot, hispa, and leaf blast. The necessary deep learning toolkit is constructed in MATLAB to use the CNN based rice leaf detection algorithm. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) based classifier is also examined for comparison.
Catalysts and Constraints: A Comprehensive Review of G20 Countries’ Performance in Financial Stability, Climate Change Mitigation, and Sustainable Development (2023)
Authors: Mores Geddam Samuel , Amudhan S , Nethravathi N
Published: July 2024

This article presents a comprehensive review of the 2023 performance of G20 countries in the critical areas of Financial Stability, Climate Change Mitigation, and Sustainable Development. The G20, now expanded to include 21 nations with the inclusion of the African Union, plays a pivotal role in addressing global challenges. The study analyses financial stability using the 2023 Index of Economic Freedom, climate change mitigation through the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), and sustainable development based on the Sustainable Development Report 2023. The findings reveal notable variations in the performance of G20 nations, highlighting strengths and weaknesses in each area. Key insights include the financial stability leadership of Germany and the United Kingdom, India’s forefront position in climate change mitigation, and the sustainable development achievements of Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, and Canada. The study underscores the interconnectedness of these three dimensions and emphasizes the need for holistic approaches to global challenges.
A Review towards Sustainable Heart Rate-Based Disease Detection: Prioritizing Environmental Impact, Access, and Health Outcomes
Authors: Raja Dinesh , Fateen Mohammed , Teja Talluri Mahi , Karthikeyan V
Published: July 2024

Sustainability in heart rate-based disease detection goes beyond diagnostics, embracing innovation that considers environmental impact, access, and health outcomes. Prioritizing energy efficiency and eco-friendly materials reduces the devices’ carbon footprint. Secure data management ensures privacy while optimizing resource use. Equitable access bridges gaps, reaching all communities for better health outcomes. Long-term benefits arise from preventive measures and healthier lifestyles. Adherence to regulations ensures safety and environmental responsibility. Education fosters informed choices, empowering individuals for sustainable healthcare decisions. In essence, sustainability in heart rate-based disease detection embodies a commitment to holistic well-being, paving the way for a more equitable and environmentally responsible future in healthcare. The heart rate based early identification of diseases are very popular owing to the advantages of just measuring and analysing rather than sending the samples for the laboratory test. Hence, in this paper the heart rate based early detection of diseases are done a detailed review. The various disease identification and the detection methods are studied meticulously and presented in this paper.
Renewable Energy based Automatic Water Level Monitoring for an Overhead Water Tank – A Prototype System
Authors: Ramu B , Kalyan Sagar K , Siva A , Palleswari Y T R
Published: July 2024

Resources provide enough energy to meet our needs to heat our houses, power our cities, and run our cars. Renewable resources also produce clean energy and greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change. Nowadays, every one of us depends on using machine-based or other kinds of work to fulfil our day-to-day requirements, which include working with electricity. However, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy-based electricity must be increased to meet their daily requirements. In this paper, we come across the concept of a solar energy-based household water pump system to mitigate the AC supply usage for this purpose. In this, we used a solar panel to extract the solar energy to charge the battery up to 12V DC supply, and also, a rectifier circuit was used to charge the battery in the absence of solar energy through a step-down center-tapped transformer. The battery was charging in hybrid mode. Utilizing a driver circuit, the battery’s output is connected to an inverter circuit to boost the AC supply up to 230V. As a result, this arrangement gives us an uninterrupted AC supply used to test AC load, such as a bulb operating on a 230V AC supply. This idea is verified with a proteus software tool to drive for an application of automated switching ON/OFF water pumping 1-Φ induction motor to an overhead tank was performed using a relay circuit and also tested with a prototype hardware kit by connecting a bulb as the load at the output side.
Characteristics and Ash-Related Problem Prediction of Refused Derived Fuel from River Waste
Authors: Ruhiyat A S , Putra H P , Adelia Nesha , Prayoga M Z E , Suyatno  , Samudera H E , Noerhidayat A , Goeritno A
Published: July 2024

Environmental pollution, especially in rivers, increases every year, especially due to waste being dumped directly into rivers. Municipal solid waste can be processed into refused derived fuel to be used as a coal fuel mixture in CFPP. This research aims to analyse the risk of burning RDF originating from river waste as a single fuel and RDF as a mixed fuel for coal up to 30%. Solid fuel standard tests were used to determine sample characteristics and properties. To determine the initial risk of the ash deposition problem of RDF from river waste (RDF-R), the theoretical prediction indices are used. As a single fuel, RDF-R exhibits a high risk of slagging due to its high composition of Fe2O3 and CaO in the ash. Adding RDF-R to coal leads to increase of the slagging and fouling risk. However, addition up to 30% RDF-R to coal has insignificant effect in corrosion because the sulfur content in the coal can reduce the corrosive effects of chlorine.
Influence of humidity on the performance of floating photovoltaic systems over ponds in a tropical urban environment
Authors: Hendarti R , Linggarjati J , Kurnia JC , Arkan Hanan H R
Published: July 2024

Floating solar photovoltaics (FPV) are increasingly favored for solar energy harnessing, necessitating a thorough grasp of performance-influencing factors, notably weather conditions. This study delves into the statistical scrutiny of humidity’s impact on FPV performance within tropical settings, focusing on Jakarta’s urban context. While humidity’s effect on solar cell performance, particularly voltage output, is acknowledged, its influence in urban pond settings remains underexplored. Thus, an experiment was conducted, placing a floating PV system over a 24 m2 pond to directly assess humidity’s impact. Additionally, ambient temperature and irradiance levels were analyzed to comprehensively understand their interconnected effects on system efficiency. Moreover, the study investigated airflow’s role in humidity variation and overall environmental dynamics. The experimental setup comprised two strategically positioned solar panels over a 1.5-meter-deep pond. Regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques were employed to scrutinize humidity’s impact on the FPV system. Results revealed an inverse relationship between humidity and voltage, with humidity also contributing to ambient temperature reduction, thereby enhancing the microclimate. These findings underscore the intricate interplay of factors, where humidity, driven by evaporation, negatively influences irradiance levels while indirectly benefiting PV cell temperature by lowering ambient temperature. This research provides crucial insights for optimizing FPV performance in tropical urban settings, emphasizing the importance of nuanced approaches that account for humidity’s impact on floating photovoltaic systems.
Duality theorems for curves over local fields
Authors: Krishna Amalendu , Rathore Jitendra , Sadhukhan Samiron
Published: July 2024

We prove duality theorems for the étale cohomology of split tori on smooth curves over a local field of positive characteristic. In particular, we show that the classical Brauer–Manin pairing between the Brauer and Picard groups of smooth projective curves over such a field extends to arbitrary smooth curves over the field. As another consequence, we obtain a description of the Brauer group of the function fields of curves over local fields in terms of the characters of the idele class groups.
De Branges-Rovnyak spaces and complete Nevanlinna-Pick kernels
Authors: Chu Cheng
Published: July 2024

We give another method to determine de Branges-Rovnyak spaces with a complete Nevanlinna-Pick kernel in a more general setting. The proof uses the Toeplitz-Corona Theorem. This generalized result gives a way to generate new complete Nevanlinna-Pick kernels from an existing one.
Challenges with current diagnosis and treatment strategies for precipitated opioid withdrawal in the emergency department and the role of the pharmacist
Authors: Glenn Melody J , Erstad Brian L
Published: July 2024

Purpose

To demonstrate the challenges with current diagnosis and treatment strategies for precipitated opioid withdrawal secondary to naloxone the emergency department (ED) setting and describe the role of the emergency medicine (EM) pharmacist in its management.

There are no standardized criteria to define precipitated opioid withdrawal syndrome, so the diagnosis is typically based on sentinel signs and symptoms and time course. Complicating factors include a positive urine toxicology screen for nonopioid substances, comorbidities and associated medications prior to admission, medications given in the ED, and a fluctuating patient course during the ED stay that likely involves all these issues. Although buprenorphine is frequently recommended as the primary treatment for precipitated withdrawal, its use can be complicated if patients are on methadone maintenance or other long-acting opioids. The EM pharmacist plays a key role in managing patients with precipitated withdrawal.

Conclusion

Practice changes related to the diagnosis and treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) with precipitated withdrawal in the ED are needed. EM pharmacists as part of the interprofessional care team have an important role in the management of patients with OUD, including those patients undergoing possible precipitated withdrawal.
ALLSTAR: inference of reliAble causaL ruLes between Somatic muTAtions and canceR phenotypes
Authors: Simionato Dario , Collesei Antonio , Miglietta Federica , Vandin Fabio
Published: July 2024

Motivation

Recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies have allowed the detailed characterization of genomes in large cohorts of tumors, highlighting their extreme heterogeneity, with no two tumors sharing the same complement of somatic mutations. Such heterogeneity hinders our ability to identify somatic mutations important for the disease, including mutations that determine clinically relevant phenotypes (e.g. cancer subtypes). Several tools have been developed to identify somatic mutations related to cancer phenotypes. However, such tools identify correlations between somatic mutations and cancer phenotypes, with no guarantee of highlighting causal relations.

Results

We describe ALLSTAR, a novel tool to infer reliable causal relations between somatic mutations and cancer phenotypes. ALLSTAR identifies reliable causal rules highlighting combinations of somatic mutations with the highest impact in terms of average effect on the phenotype. While we prove that the underlying computational problem is NP-hard, we develop a branch-and-bound approach that employs protein–protein interaction networks and novel bounds for pruning the search space, while properly correcting for multiple hypothesis testing. Our extensive experimental evaluation on synthetic data shows that our tool is able to identify reliable causal relations in large cancer cohorts. Moreover, the reliable causal rules identified by our tool in cancer data show that our approach identifies several somatic mutations known to be relevant for cancer phenotypes as well as novel biologically meaningful relations.

Availability and implementation

Code, data, and scripts to reproduce the experiments available at https://github.com/VandinLab/ALLSTAR.
Brain metabolites are associated with sleep architecture and cognitive functioning in older adults
Authors: Mueller Christina , Nenert Rodolphe , Catiul Corina , Pilkington Jennifer , Szaflarski Jerzy P , Amara Amy W
Published: July 2024

Sleep deficits are a possible risk factor for development of cognitive decline and dementia in older age. Research suggests that neuroinflammation may be a link between the two. This observational, cross-sectional study evaluated relationships between sleep architecture, neuroinflammation and cognitive functioning in healthy older adults. Twenty-two adults aged ≥60 years underwent whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (in vivo method of visualizing increased brain temperatures as a proxy for neuroinflammation), supervised laboratory-based polysomnography, and comprehensive neurocognitive testing. Multiple regressions were used to assess relationships between magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging-derived brain temperature and metabolites related to inflammation (choline; myo-inositol; N-acetylaspartate), sleep efficiency, time and % N3 sleep and cognitive performance. Choline, myo-inositol and N-acetylaspartate were associated with sleep efficiency and cognitive performance. Higher choline and myo-inositol in the bilateral frontal lobes were associated with slower processing speed and lower sleep efficiency. Higher choline and myo-inositol in bilateral frontoparietal regions were associated with better cognitive performance. Higher N-acetylaspartate around the temporoparietal junction and adjacent white matter was associated with better visuospatial function. Brain temperature was not related to cognitive or sleep outcomes. Our findings are consistent with the limited literature regarding neuroinflammation and its relationships with sleep and cognition in older age, which has implicated ageing microglia and astrocytes in circadian dysregulation, impaired glymphatic clearance and increased blood–brain barrier integrity, with downstream effects of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Inflammatory processes remain difficult to measure in the clinical setting, but magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging may serve as a marker of the relationship between neuroinflammation, sleep and cognitive decline in older adults.
Deoxygenative functionalizations of aromatic dicarbonyls and aldehydes
Authors: Sakihara Moriaki , Shimoyama Shuhei , Kurosawa Miki B , Yamaguchi Junichiro
Published: July 2024

In this study, we developed a method to synthesize deoxygenative functionalized products by reacting aromatic dicarbonyls with DBU, TMSOTf, diphenylphosphine oxide, and a range of nucleophiles. Moreover, we demonstrated that sequential application of phospha-Brook rearrangement and benzylic substitution conditions to aromatic aldehydes affords the deoxygenative functionalized products effectively. With highly nucleophilic reagents, it was possible to proceed with the deoxygenative functionalization without TMSOTf.
How can a regional innovation system meet circular economy challenges? Conceptualization and empirical insights from Germany
Authors: Fromhold-Eisebith Martina
Published: July 2024

Promoting the circular economy (CE) increasingly draws on regional approaches. But in particular the potentially supportive role of regionally provided innovations requires more exploration. This paper suggests an expanded categorization of innovation demands for the regional CE and integrates them into an enriched conceptualization of the challenge-oriented regional innovation system (CORIS). How the proposed framework can guide regional analysis and strategy building is then illustrated by the empirical case study of the German ‘Circular City’ Aachen. Structuring obtained information according to CORIS components reveals which requirements are met, but also which innovation deficiencies should be tackled locally.