bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Structural Geology in the South Desert of Capitol Reef National Park, Utah
Authors:   , Pellowski Christopher
Published: February 2023

Jurassic units within the Utah transition zone in the South Desert region of Capitol Reef National Park were examined to determine styles of tectonic deformation. Using field evidence along with descriptive, kinematic, and dynamic analyses, as well as gravity and magnetic data, it was determined that a principal deformation zone (PDZ) exhibiting right-handed strike-slip occurs in that area. Stereographic analyses of cataclastic and non cataclastic deformation bands and joints in the Entrada Sandstone and the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation, as well as folds in the Carmel formation, suggest a mechanism involving an unrecognized \forcing structure,\ such as a strike-slip basement fault that does not exhibit significant vertical displacement nor surface offset. This implies that the basement rock has been faulted and possibly affected the structural character of the overlying sedimentary rocks. Orientation of principal stress directions within the South Desert has changed over time from Jurassic to Tertiary. These changes in principal stress directions between the San Rafael Swell and Miners Mountain were recorded in the deformation bands of the Salt Wash Member of tile Morrison Formation, indicating a positioning of strain along the eastern front of the Sevier fold-and-thrust belt. The principal stress directions changed from SW-NE during Laramide, to E-W during Sevier, and finally to N-S during Basin-and-Range.
Developing a Computer Based Information System for Personnel Management : A Case Study of United Commercial Bank, Calcutta, India
Authors:   , Banerjee Probir
Published: February 2023

United Commercial Bank, Calcutta, (now renamed UCO BANK), currently has a strength of close to 6000 officers on its rolls. The Personnel Inventory of the officers and other non-officer employees is manually maintained. The huge volume of data and the increasingly complex information requirement has been posing serious problems in the storage, retrieval and proceeding of data. There is evidence that the work may assume unmanageable dimensions in the future. The investigation of the deficiencies in the existing system and the development of a computer based system to facilitate routine information requirements and support decision making in personnel-related areas through efficient storage, retrieval and processing of information forms the subject of the study. Only officers employees have been considered in the design of the system. The system can easily be extended to include the non-officer employees of the bank.
Fluorescence of Oil Well Cuttings Under The Action of Ultraviolet Light As Pertaining To Depth of Wells Investigated
Authors:   , Drees Linus
Published: February 2023

In 1937, Lippert (6) published a survey of the radioactive properties of subterranean waters of Ellis County, Kansas. In 1940, Bell, Goodman, and Whitehead (1) reported a survey on the radioactivity of sedimentary rocks and associated petroleum. In 1944, w. L. Russell (10) reported on the total gamma ray activity of sedimentary rocks as indicated by Geiger-Mueller Counter determination. Lastly, in 1949, M. w. Johnston (5) made a survey of radioactivity of oilwell drilling fluid with depth of wells. Since Johnston's work cited above included only producing wells it was thought worthwhile to continue this investigation to include wells both in producing pools and in unproven territory. An additional new approach to this whole matter of geophysical prospecting for oil is to test oilwell cuttings for fluorescence since it is well known that particles from oil-bearing horizons do fluoresce under the action of ultraviolet light. While the fluorescence of oil under the action of ultraviolet light has been known for many years, the method of detecting the presence of oi l by means of the fluorescence of oilwell cuttings is not in general use among geologists at the present time, at least not in this region. Consequently it was decided to select six locations where drilling was contemplated, three in the Sutor Pool in Rooks County ; and, three new locations in unproven territory. The plan was to test the drilling fluids of each of these wells for radioactivity with depth using an LS64 scaling Geiger-Mueller Counter by El Tronics, 2 Incorporated; and, also to check the cuttings commencing at a depth of approximately 3000 feet, where the cuttings were first gathered, for a study of fluorescence when the cuttings are subjected to ultraviolet light.
Pontiac and Tecumseh : An Evaluation of Early Pan-Indian Confederacies
Authors:   , Leahy Todd
Published: February 2023

When Europeans first set foot on American soil, the Indian inhabitants of the New World welcomed them. It was as individual nations that these Indian people greeted the newcomers. Relationships that developed between the Indians and the Europeans were doomed from the start, for various reasons, which included Europeans viewing the separate Indian nations as a whole. But, Indians did not see themselves as a cohesive group. These competing views of Indian society caused conflicts between Whites and Indians. As time passed, the colonial powers considered Indians as being part of one \race\ for political expediency. For the Indians, the colonists' racial view placed undue pressure and detrimental stresses on their culture, including the loss of lands and conflict between distinct life ways. When those pressures became too great, Indian people chose to reevaluate their method for dealing with the Whites. During this reevaluation, a new resistance strategy, often using traditional beliefs, developed. In the cases of Pontiac and Tecumseh, the new strategy they adopted was pan-Indianism. Ironically, this unification of separate tribes was similar to the way in which Europeans initially viewed the Indians. Pan-Indianism was not new when Pontiac, in 1763, or Tecumseh, in 1805, developed their confederacies. However, there were limited examples of the phenomenon in the then short history of Indian-White relations. 80th Pontiac's and Tecumseh's movements were part of a larger Indian struggle for independence from European ways of life, which were being thrust upon Indian people. Pan-Indianism stressed cultural similarities and united diverse groups of Indian people. The pan-Indian response was a survival strategy. Through pan-Indianism both Pontiac and Tecumseh sought to hold on to the common traditional ways of the Indian people involved in their movements. Pontiac united the people in the area of Fort Detroit immediately following the Seven Years War. The result of Pontiac's action at Fort Detroit was a general Indian uprising across the frontier, which sought to restore French hegemony in the area. Tecumseh was able to unite more people than Pontiac. In an effort to establish a permanent Indian/White boundary, Tecumseh chose to ally his confederacy with the British against the Americans in the War of 1812. Though both leaders failed in their military attempts to stop White expansion, both successfully united, no matter how temporarily, people who traditionally thought of themselves in tribal terms. Though neither leader was able to stop the advance of the Whites, both were in the vanguard of pan-Indian survival strategies that gave the Indian tribes involved a sense of hope. The pan-Indian ways, at least for a short while, proved reliable and allowed the Indian people involved a short period of independence.
A Survey of Research Dealing With Personal Adjustment in Protestant Homes for the Aged and an Exploratory Study of the Problem
Authors:   , Schmidt Esther
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper was to determine the frequency of occurrence of seven factors which tend to aid personal adjustment of residents in a Protestant home for the aged. The seven factors were: (1) presence of good physical health, (2) feeling of economic security, (3) favorable relations with relatives, (4) number of friends and visitors, (5) participation in religious activities, (6) participation in leisure-time activities, and (7) feelings of security and independence. The findings indicated that the better-adjusted elderly persons in this Home had acquired these factors. Those who were not so well adjusted had acquired them to a lesser degree. In order to obtain this information the following procedure was adopted: 1. eleven residents of a Protestant home for the aged were selected as subjects for this study. Only residents who had lived in the Home for one year or more were included. 2. Information was obtained through interviews. In view of these findings provisions for \old age\ should be begun before the individual reaches that period of life. It is possible that this might be done through adult programs sponsored by educational, religious, and other organizations.
The Effect of a Twelve Week Fitness Program on Interaction Between the Fort Hays Fitness Test and Body-Esteem of College Aged Females
Authors:   , Rankin Gay
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a twelve week fitness program on interaction between health-related physical fitness and body-esteem. Two instruments were utilized, the Fort Hays Fitness Test (Giese, 1984) and Body Esteem Scale (Franzoi & Shields, 1984). Subjects were pre/post-tested on health related physical fitness and body-esteem. All subjects were undergraduate females attending Fort Hays State University, spring semester of 1989. Subjects volunteered to participate in the study. Experimental subjects (N=1 4) were those enrolled in aerobic dance. These subjects were exposed to the treatment which was a twelve week fitness program. Exercise bouts were in compliance with the FIT Principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time). No maximum exercise limit was established. Two control groups were selected. One group (N=7) was selected from non-aerobic physical education courses. Subjects did not exercise regularly. Second group (N=10) subjects were not enrolled in a physical education course and served as non-exercise controls. Experimental subjects exercised within their target heart zone an average of 2.68 times a week, approximately 35 minutes each bout. Six control subjects reported exercising that was not of significant frequency, intensity, or duration to elicit increases in fitness. Interaction was determined by graph analysis of mean pre-test post-test fitness and body-esteem subscale scores. The Wilks’ lambda and a univariate statistic determined significant (p,0.05) differences between groups in health related physical fitness and body-esteem. Based on the results and within the limitations of this study, it was determined no significant interaction occurred between health-related physical fitness and body esteem subscales in the experimental (aerobic) group, non-aerobic physical education or non-exercise control groups. A significant difference, pre/post-test, was determined between groups in health r elated physical fitness. Experimental subject's fitness levels increased; control subject's fitness levels decreased. No significant differences in body-esteem were determined between groups. Body-esteem mean scores increased in all groups. Significance by trial, for groups combined, occurred in the Physical Condition subscale. No significance by trial was found in Weight Concern or Sexual Attractiveness subscales.
A Study of Right-to-Work Laws
Authors:   , Lenz William
Published: February 2023

The topic of right to work laws is the number one labor relations issue at the present. The subject represents a conflict between two principles of human rights--individual rights v. group rights or rights of the majority. The right to work controversy revolves around the question of whether a worker should be required to become and remain a member of a labor union as a condition of employment. Right to work laws provide that membership or non-membership in a labor union shall not be a qualification or bar to obtaining or retaining employment. It must be remembered that right to work laws are state and not Federal laws. These laws now in effect in nineteen states have come upon the labor relations scene during the post war years since the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act. It was the purpose of this thesis to define the right to work issue and show it in the light of existing labor legislation; to examine and compare basic pro and con arguments over right to work laws; to show effects of right to work laws; and to present the information in such a way that the reader himself can form his own opinion in regard to the right to work laws. This is intended to be a general study of the problem. Debate over these right to work laws has been bitter. The arguments made by the opponents are highly colored with propaganda. States are authorized to enact a right to work law by Section 14 (b) of the Taft -Hartley Act. This is the only area where the Federal preemption doctrine has not been applied. Right to work will probably continue to be an issue of utmost importance and of great controversy in the future.
The Reduction in Aggressive Playground Behavior When Pupils Monitor and Reinforce Their Own Performance
Authors:   , Hannafin Kathleen
Published: February 2023

This study attempted to reduce aggressive playground behavior by having students monitor their own aggressive actions, and reinforce themselves for the absence of aggressive behaviors on the playground. Twenty-two third grade pupils from Norton. Kansas served as subjects for this study. The teacher and experimenter observed aggressive playground behaviors during two daily recess periods for fourteen days. A five day baseline period (B1) was followed by a five day experimental period (E1). Following each E1 recess period, pupils were instructed to report their aggressive playground responses and to reinforce themselves with a piece of candy or a toy for the absence of aggressive playground behavior. A second baseline period (B2) of two days was followed by a second experimental period (E2) of two days. During E2, pupils again reported the number of aggressive behaviors, but reinforcers were not available regard less of their reports. The first experimental period produced an almost complete elimination of playground aggression during recess periods. The second experimental period produced only a slight reduction in aggressive playground responses as compared with the two prior baseline periods. In addition, E2 produced a drastic drop in the reliability of students' self-reports. These results suggest that self- report and reinforcement could be a highly effective technique for reducing school playground aggression with middle primary level students, thus freeing the teacher to attend more to the positive elements of children's play.
A Study of The Effect of An Equal Energy Spectrum Upon Metallic Selenium In Vacuo
Authors:   , Scott George
Published: February 2023

Since little has been found in the literature, on the effect of a actinic properties on the conductivity of metallic selenium and on its spectral response when possessing these properties, it was thought noteworthy to construct several selenium cells having low and medium dark resistances and to study them with a view of seeking some correlation between their conductivity characteristics and their prismatic response in vacuo.
Age and Haptic Illusion : Apparent Reversal of Movement on the Skin Surface Across the Adult Life Span
Authors:   , Danielson Judith
Published: February 2023

The existence of a previously unreported tactile illusion involving the apparent reversal of direction of movement on the skin surface when touching a rotating object was demonstrated. Other pure haptic illusions, as well as tactile illusions representing modifications of known visual illusions, were reviewed and contrasted with this new phenomenon. In addition, this study investigated possible age effects on the perception of this new haptic illusion using twelve female Subjects in each of three age groups (25-39, 40-59, 60+). Both narrow and wide rotating disks were used to see if the amount of skin in contact with the moving surface influenced the reversal illusion. The phenomenon of visual override was investigated by comparing reported haptic reversals with impaired vision and unimpaired vision. For each of the three age groups, the number of reversals for surface widths of the rotating disk for the haptic illusion for each impaired and unimpaired vision trail was recorded (task 1). The study also examined the possible influence of higher order cognitive functioning on the perception if this haptic illusion by relating the number of reported haptic reversal of movement to the number of reported haptic reversal of movement to the number of reversals reported for the Necker Cube illusion for each subject. Finally, each subject completed a questionnaire dealing with measures of cautiousness and risk-taking to determine if the subjective reports of the experiencing of this illusion might have been related to individual’s cautiousness in reporting covertly experience events. The data from the haptic illusion task was analyzed in a series of 3 (age levels) x 2 (narrow vs. wide width) anova designs and Multiple Regression analyses to determine possible age effects, surface width effects and interaction effects. Theses results were related to data dealing with the Necker Cube reversals, visual override effect and cautiousness. The haptic illusion of the apparent reversal of the direction of movement were reported by nineteen of the thirty-six subjects. Age of the subject was not related to the number of haptic reversals, r = .02, nor Necker Cube reversals, r =.16. Regression analysis indicated a weak relationship between Necker Cube and haptic reversals, r =.26, p=
Some Contributions To The Understanding of The Stability of Attitudes
Authors:   , Bennett Betty
Published: February 2023

The field of attitude research may be placed in three categories: 1. Determination of the consensus of public opinion regarding social issues. 2. Attitude measurement techniques. 3. Investigation of the intrinsic psychological nature of human attitudes. This study has to do with the third category. Unless this point is clearly borne in mind, the purpose of the investigation which is reported herein may be obscure. Here we are not concerned with the content of the attitude, but with the mechanism of the attitude. We are studying the attitude to determine its inner characteristic s, its make-up, rather than to show that people like some things and do not like others, or to prove the well-known fact that attitudes do change. We are not interested in whether or not the attitude changes, but in the psychological factors determining the general stability of an attitude.
An Approach to the Validation of the Draw-a-Person Test
Authors:   , Shumate Denis
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to demonstrate that considerable freedom to discard human figure drawings from a group of drawings would increase the likelihood of a clinical psychologist correctly predicting levels of adjustment by the use of drawings. Subjects were twenty patients from Larned State Hospital, ten of whom were diagnosed as psychotic and ten diagnosed as neurotic, and ten students at Fort Hays Kansas State College comprising the normal group. Human figure drawings were collected from each subject and these in turn were submitted to a panel of four qualified clinical psychologists. Each judge followed two steps; two judges were forced to categorize all drawings first into the above named diagnostic categories and then to go back through the drawings and to discard drawings they felt to be diagnostically insignificant. The procedure was reversed for the other two judges. A significant difference was obtained for the total group on both the free- and forced-choice steps when compared to a chance level. The freedom to discard drawings, however, apparently had no effect on the validity as the differences did not approach statistical significance. In fact some of the differences were in the opposite direction; i.e. the judges performed better on the forced-choice step than on the free choice step.
Painting-Ceramics
Authors:   , Allen Paul
Published: February 2023

The robust shape of the pear furnishes me with an abundance of ideas which I fully develop with the use of color, texture, and line. Through my exploration of this single shape I have discovered how it can be altered and manipulated to achieve maximum creativity. The pear shape emanates intrigue by seeming massive and full, and yet at the same time the shape possesses light, lyrical quality, of marvelous freshness and crispness radiated by its presence.
The Degree of Preference for Elementary School Subjects
Authors:   , Siegrist Harold
Published: February 2023

The problem of this thesis was The Degree of Preference for Elementary School Subjects. Data concerning the subject preferences, likes and dislikes, and reasons for liking and disliking school subjects were collected and analyzed. Subjects included were: arithmetic, art, English, music, physical education, reading, science, social studies, spelling, and writing. Information was obtained from 575 sixth-grade students in USD #497, Lawrence, Kansas, by means of a questionnaire administered personally by the researcher to each classroom of sixth-grade students in the Unified District. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded: (1) The most-liked subjects among boys in order of preference were: physical education, arithmetic, and art. (2) The least-liked subjects among boys in order of rejection were social studies, music, and arithmetic. (3) The most-liked subject among girls was arithmetic, which was followed by art in second place and with physical education and reading in a tie position for third place. (4) The least-liked subjects among girls in order of rejection were: social studies, arithmetic, and science. (5) Rejection of school subjects appeared to most often occur on the basis of the content offered rather than because of student inability to succeed in the course or because of lack of usefulness of the subject. (6) For both students who liked a subject and for students who disliked the subject, content aspects were found to most often be the basis of student enjoyment or discontent with the subject, with one exception that of girls who disliked arithmetic.
An Experimental Analysis of Peer Reinforcement in the Elementary School Classroom
Authors:   , Stricklin Gary
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the role of peer reinforcement made contingent on one pupil's behavior. One disruptive pupil was selected from a primary level Learning Disability class and another from a parochial first grade class to be the target Ss. After baseline observation, each S could earn candy for himself only, himself and his peers, or for his peers and not himself, by staying in his seat. Both classes received all the conditions but in different orders. The results indicated each of the three reinforcement conditions reduced inappropriate out-of-seat behavior, although not all produced significant reductions from baseline. The study further indicated the effects of any of these reinforcement conditions were not necessarily generalizable to similar populations. Differences between the two Ss' patterns of responding appeared to be a function of S characteristics and reinforcement history, especially with respect to prior subject-peer interaction.
Differences In Students' Motivation To Attend College: Large Versus Small High Schools
Authors:   , Horyna Brittney
Published: February 2023

The current study examined the relationship between the variables: school size, motivation, and college attendance to determine if the size of a student’s high school, along with his/her motivational tendencies, influenced the student’s choice to pursue a college education. Additionally, it was hypothesized that college students who had attended smaller high schools (enrollment of < 500) would exhibit motivational tendencies more characteristic of being intrinsically motivated, while college students who had attended larger high schools (enrollment = 500+) would be more extrinsically motivated. Data was gathered from college students attending a small mid-west university (N=266) using a brief demographics survey as well as Vallerand et al.’s (1992) Academic Motivation Scale. Results of a factorial MANOVA revealed a significant main effect for sex on the motivational subscales: extrinsic motivation- identified (MMale= 5.80, MFemale= 6.16), extrinsic motivation- external regulation (MMale= 5.94, MFemale= 6.24), and motivation (MMale= 1.89, MFemale= 1.43). Additional follow-up analyses utilizing Pearson Correlations indicated the existence of significant, positive, linear relationships between approximate number of senior classmates and the following subscales: intrinsic motivation- towards accomplishment, extrinsic motivation- identified, and extrinsic motivation- introjected. Furthermore, these results indicated a significant relationship between approximate high school enrollment and intrinsic motivation- towards accomplishment and a marginally significant relationship between approximate number of senior classmates and extrinsic motivation- external regulation. Results will be discussed in light of previous research and literature regarding secondary educational institutions, the various types of motivation, and their impact on students’ academic performance.
The Value of Visual Aids In The Teaching of American History
Authors:   , Ward Elmer
Published: February 2023

Specifically , the problem involved was experimental and may be stated as follows, “An Experiment to determine the value of visual aids in the teaching of American History during the school year of 1946-47 in a class “B” high school in Kansas.\
Succession of Mammals, and Associations of Small Mammals, in Disturbed Habitats at Barr Lake State Park, Adams County, Colorado
Authors:   , Lovell David
Published: February 2023

Effects of historic and continuing disturbance on the flora and mammalian fauna at Barr Lake State Park, Adams County, Colorado, were assessed. Construction of an impoundment and conversion of adjacent rangeland to cropland altered the composition, and the former probably initially increased the richness, of the mammalian fauna. Twelve mammalian species known to occur primarily in grassland habitats were replaced by six species associated with riparian habitats plus one native commensal species and two non-native commensal species. Habitat associations of small mammals were compared using measurements of understory vegetation and were analyzed using multiple regression. chi-square, and polar ordination. Microtus ochrogaster and Reithrodontomys megalotis were associated with habitats dominated by grasses with dense overhead cover. Peromyscus maniculatus and Mus musculus were associated with habitats dominated by forbs and occupied habitat on the lake bed after mid - summer drawdown for irrigation. Microtus pennsylvanicus was associated with habitats dominated by sedges and occurred primarily in the marsh below the dam. The possibility of competitive interaction between M. ochrogaster and R. megalotis is explored, and management recommendations for terrestrial habitats at Barr Lake are presented.
Reflections
Authors:   , Samuelson Mark
Published: February 2023

My body of work consists of three types of art: photography, ceramics, and acrylic paintings. Each piece I create in one medium has characteristics found in the others. To keep my work balanced, I approach photography formally, painting expressively, and ceramics with a mixture of both. Each type of art I create compliments the others through imagery, line, form, color, and texture. My experiences are reflected through my art using different treatments of technique and artistic expression.
The Administration of The Finances of Extra-Curricular Activities In High Schools of North Central Kansas.
Authors:   , Isaacson Martin
Published: February 2023

School administrators and the public in general are realizing the important place that extra-curricular activities have in the modern high school. Witness for example the large number of discussions and the many articles written on various phases of this subject. A steadily growing appreciation of their value as a means of training pupils in the practical arts of citizenship is among the factors which account for this conviction. It is natural for the high school boy or girl to be interested in the organization and management of extra-curricular activities. Under such conditions there is splendid opportunity for developing desirable character traits.
Personal Politics in the Age of Jacksonian Democracy : Martin Van Buren and the Struggle for the Presidency
Authors:   , Garton Barbara
Published: February 2023

A description and analysis of the struggle between John C. Calhoun and Martin Van Buren for the presidency is presented in this work. In this process, the development of the changing system and methods of political behavior is sketched. The activities of Andrew Jackson and other important men of the time are dealt with only in respect as to how they affected the careers of Calhoun and Van Buren, thus the manipulations of Van Buren become the central theme of the study. The bulk of the thesis deals with events taking place between 1828 and 1832 “the important years as far as determining the presidential successor”. As a background for this work, brief sketches are given of Jackson, Calhoun, and Van Buren. The concluding chapter, rather than being a discourse on the political events it discusses, uses political events merely as examples to show how the Calhoun-Van Buren struggle was continued in the vein of the new political age.
Love or Something Like It
Authors:   , Sparks Ralph
Published: February 2023

It is the task of the artist to live life fully and observe it carefully, and then to transform those experiences through his or her chosen medium into images which may be shared by others. The personal interests of the artist determine the eventual content, while the chosen materials and working methods create the structure. The combination of content and working methods make up an artist’s personal style.
A Study of Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions and Practices of Classroom-Based Intervention
Authors:   , Goodman Nancy
Published: February 2023

The Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA, 1997) states that students with disabilities should be served in the least restrictive environmental possible. This legislation has caused an increased interest in obtaining more information on how to serve children in the most natural environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions and practices of classroom-based intervention by school speech-language pathologists in Kansas. One hundred twenty-seven questionnaires were sent to speech-language pathologists. Forty-two questionnaires were returned from 34 respondents who indicated they use classroom-based intervention (YES) and eight respondents who do not use classroom-based intervention (NO). The respondents who have used classroom-based intervention (YES) indicated that they perceive it to be appropriately used in serving students with language disorders, but not with those with articulation/phonology, voice, or fluency disorders. The YES respondents indicated that they would like to continue using classroom-based intervention while the NO respondents indicated that they would like to begin using it as a service delivery model. One-teach, one-drift was the model selected most often to provide classroom-based intervention by the YES respondents. The YES respondents listed the attitude and time of the classroom teacher to be key factors in providing successful classroom-based intervention. They also indicated that the classroom teacher and lack of planning time are factors limiting the effectiveness of classroom-based intervention. This study revealed a positive trend in the perceptions and practices of classroom-based intervention across the state of Kansas.
Net Shoot Production and Biomass Transfer Rates in a Mature Grassland Ecosystem
Authors:   , Lester James
Published: February 2023

Net shoot production in a mature Mixed Prairie community was estimated at 296 g/m[squared] by the harvest method. This estimate was obtained by adding the 126 g/m[squared] estimated as the loss that occurred from the green biomass during the growing season to community peak standing crop (170 g/m[squared]) that occurred in July. Productivity rates were 1.5 g/m[squared]/day to 2.7 g/m[squared] /day at peak standing crop. Biomass transfer rates were determined for three biomass categories: standing dead, fresh and humic mulch whose average standing crops were 198, 260, and 590 g/m. Transfer rates ranged from 0.11 to 1.8 g/m[squared]/day for standing dead to fresh mulch, 0.29 to 2.0 g/m[squared]/day for fresh mulch to humic mulch, and 0.71 to 2.1 g/m[squared]/day for losses from humic mulch. Respiration was estimated at 962 g/m[squared], equal to net shoot and root production . Net root production was estimated by multiplying the average root standing crop by a turnover rate coefficient. Gross production for the community was estimated at 1924 g/m[squared].
Relating Varied Ceramic Forms Through Surface Treatment
Authors:   , Brejcha Vernon
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this creative thesis was to design multiple ceramic forms having these forms work together as a unit. The artist began his study by creating sets: tea sets, canister sets, wine sets, etc. It was found that the set was not the only method by which unit development could be accomplished.
A Consideration of the Ethical Relationship Between Humans and Animals
Authors:   , Jeffers Janis
Published: February 2023

The ethical relationship between humans and other animals is most appropriately considered from the perspective of an organic metaphysics, such as that of A. N. Whitehead. Considerations that are critically examined include: (1) the utilitarian argument, which identifies moral relevance with the characteristic of sentience; (2) arguments based on rights, which justify the affirmation or denial of animal rights according to differing criteria; and (3) environmental ethics, which emphasize a holistic approach to ethical concerns. The utilitarian argument reflects the assumptions of a dualistic metaphysics and lacks relevance for environmental concerns. Rights arguments differ according to the capacities identified as necessary for the possession of rights and result in more, or less inclusive classes of rights holders. Problems arise with the emphasis on individual rights and the requirement for a further standard to resolve conflicting rights. An environmental ethic that asserts the organic interrelationships of the natural world is described and compared to the utilitarian and rights arguments. Finally, the ethical implications of an environmental ethic grounded in an organic metaphysics are examined.
An Experimental Study of the Effects of Organization on Information Retention and Persuasion
Authors:   , Ashton Bruce
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this experiment was to discover the effects of organization on information retention and persuasiveness as shown by the examination of results of measurement devices administered to students at Fort Hays Kansas State College who listened to an organized, a partially disorganized, and a totally disorganized speech. One aspect of the uniqueness of this study was in the use of partial disorganization as well as total disorganization as opposed to the studies cited in the review of literature which had used only total disorganization. Also an aspect of the methodology was changed to control the variable of delivery.
Proposed Qualifications For Custodians in Certain Kansas Schools
Authors:   , Barkley Herbert
Published: February 2023

In recent years there has been much improvement in the quality of school buildings, equipment, and supplies . Qualifications of administrators, supervisors, teachers, and almost all other employees have been advanced. Requirements and standards for custodians have begun to show a trend upward . In the last quarter of a century, janitor-engineer schools have been held to raise the standards of custodians in the proper maintenance of the school buildings and grounds . The position of the custodian in previous years has often been given to an aged person, to a cripple, to a political friend, to some incompetent person, or to anyone who could be persuaded to take it. Many of these custodians do not have a broad idea as to the duties of a custodian. As a result they do not do any more than is absolutely necessary to maintain a minimum of requirements. For several years the writer has been a principal in the elementary schools of four different communities in Western Kansas, observing the work of at least nine custodians in these buildings. He has been able to observe, in a general way, the standards of maintenance that were being met in the high schools of these communities. A need f or more competent work was displayed . From this observance and in courses in School Administration the following problem was decided upon, namely: Proposed Qualifications for Custodians in Certain Kansas Schools . Since all of the school s of the state would be difficult to cover in the limited time provided, it was suggested that a limitation be placed upon schools of certain communities . Therefore only the communities in Kansas with a population between 1000 and 10,000 were to be contacted . The Kansas Government Journal was used to check the census of these communities . One hundred thirty-two communities were selected.
The Compositional Synthesis of Line and Color Expanses in Painting
Authors:   , Grizzell George
Published: February 2023

Therefore, speaking from a present achievable level, my work is a quest for a balance of linear qualities and larger expansive color areas drawn from many subject areas all combining to make an interesting and pleasing composition unto myself. On a higher level, I will someday achieve a personal \poetry\ with my work. However, this higher level can only be obtained through a long maturation period of living and painting experience.
A Program for Individualizing Instruction in the Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations
Authors:   , Townsend Ollie
Published: February 2023

The problem was to determine how an individualized instruction program in mathematics would work in a secondary school. An individualized instruction program for a mathematical topic, normally taught in the secondary school, was developed. A controlled testing of this program was conducted in a secondary school, then an analysis of this program was made. The major results were as follows: (1) for each of the behavioral objectives, the testing did not show any significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. (2) For the over-all program, the testing did not show any significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. (3) The faster students in the control group were slowed to the pace of the group, while the faster students in the individualized group were able to continue at their own pace. (4) There was an indication that the individualized instruction encouraged individual differences. (5) There is possible merit to such a program, but more study needs to be made.
A Study of the Financial Advantages and Disadvantages Involved in Conglomerate Mergers
Authors:   , Soice Larry
Published: February 2023

The conglomerate merger is one of the most important methods of business combination in use today. A conglomerate merger provides an avenue for today's business and industrial leaders to develop dynamic and operational business empires just as the trust and the holding company have done previously in the American business world. The purpose of this study was to examine the development of business combinations to the present phase of conglomerate mergers and to analyze selected financial advantages and disadvantages identified with conglomerate mergers. The study was developed primarily from information found in books, magazines, and journal s in the Fort Hays Kansas State Library and from results obtained in a questionnaire which was sent to sixty industrial companies. The questionnaires were sent only to companies that had completed a conglomerate merger or were in the process of carrying out a conglomerate merger. The general findings of the study were that the conglomerate merger is of primary importance today and that there definitely are financial advantages to be gained from a conglomerate merger. However, there are also a number of financial problems in any conglomerate merger that must be overcome in order for the merger to be successful.
Influence of Verbal Reward on Figure Determination in the Figure- Ground Phenomenon
Authors:   , Giacobbe Joseph
Published: February 2023

It has been shown that monetary reward will function as a determinant of either a verbal response or a perceptual response. Research has shown that a stimulus associated with monetary reward would be reported as the figure when the rewarded stimulus was presented in an ambiguous situation. It is still uncertain if verbal reward, like monetary reward, will determine what stimulus is reported as the figure when the S is presented with an ambiguous condition containing the previously rewarded figure. This experiment tested the hypothesis that perceptual learning will occur if Ss are verbally reinforced following identification of a designated stimulus condition. The Ss were divided into two groups. The Ss in the experimental group received verbal reinforcement after responding to the individual stimulus designated as the figure. The Ss in the control group did not receive verbal reinforcement. All Ss were given one test trial in which the figure associated with verbal reward was presented in an ambiguous situation where it might be perceived either as figure or as ground. After deficiencies were found in the design of the original experiment, a second experiment was designed. The results failed to support the hypothesis that verbal reward would affect figure-ground perception.
A Survey In The High Schools of Western Kansas On The Relation of Training And Experience of Teachers of Commercial Subjects To The Achievement of Pupils Enrolled In These Classes
Authors:   , Torrey Melvin
Published: February 2023

While assisting in the work of the commerce department of the Fort Hays Kansas State College, the writer frequently had called to his attention the degree of thoroughness, or lack of it, with which high school students are being prepared for college work. This degree of preparation presented itself frequently in the matter of preview tests given to beginning college students in commercial courses, the purpose of which was to discover the placement of these students in college classes. For instance, many classes in the commercial department of the college require for entrance on the part of the student, certain courses which may or may not have been taken in the high school. In many instances students did have the prerequisite courses in high school but were unable to continue with the advanced work in college.
Evaluating Criticisms of Unemployment Statistics
Authors:   , Callahan Ronald
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate criticism of unemployment statistics and to suggest corrections which would tend to correct problems upon which these statistics are criticized. Research materials were used from Forsyth Library, the University of Kansas Library, and the United States Department of Labor. A discussion of the definitions of unemployment used by various government agencies preceded a discussion of the actual collection of labor force data by the Current Population Survey, the Employment Security Programs, and the Employer’s Survey. Results of these collection method were then contrasted and compared. Following this is a discussion of some of the criticisms which are often leveled at this nation’s unemployment statistics. The final chapter deals with each criticism in turn and offers suggestions as to how each situation may be corrected or explains why correction is not possible in cases where this may apply.
Cooperative Movement Impacts on Poverty Eradication in Indonesia: 2007-2011 Archival Research
Authors:   , Norhatan Horohito
Published: February 2023

Global leaders and institutions expend considerable time, effort, and resources to eradicate poverty in the world. In spite of these efforts, poverty persists worldwide as a trap into which millions of people continue to fall. The cooperative contribution towards poverty eradication has advanced in recent years. Cooperatives can potentially increase the economic well-being, fostering sustainable economic development at the community level (Yusuf & Ijaiya, 2009). The present study is based on a quantitative archival data analysis of cooperatives’ movement progress and poverty eradication efforts in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the Indonesian cooperative movement and poverty eradication, rural and urban poverty rate, and Regional Gross Domestic Product (R-GDP). The researcher collected archival data from Indonesian official entities such as governmental statistical agency, ministry, and investment board. Cooperative values can be an Indonesia’s national asset in combating poverty, as the framework for cooperativism is readily available throughout the country. Data analysis has revealed that cooperatives employment had reduced considerably the total national poverty in 2007, 2008, and 2011. Cooperative employment also played significant roles in reducing the Indonesian urban poverty in 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011.
Study Behaviors of Undergraduate and Graduate Students
Authors:   , Howard Jana
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate study behaviors of undergraduate and graduate students. The independent variables investigated were college classification, gender, cumulative undergraduate G.P.A., and average hours studied per week. The dependent variables were Feelings of Lack of Competence, Low Security, and Poor Self-esteem: Preparing for Day-to-Day, Routine Academic Activites; Carrying Out Specific Long Range Academic Tasks; and Total Scale. The Sample consisted of 59 males and 81 females. Four composite null hypotheses were tested, employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 56 plus 56 recurring comparisons were made. Of the 56 comparisons 16 were for main effects and 40 were interactions. Of the 16 main effects, 12 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 40 interactions, 3 were statistically significant at the .05 level.