bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis Of Bank Health Level Assessment Using The RGEC Method Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Puspitasari Dinda Dwi , Dinuka Vina Kholisa
Published: October 2023

Purpose : The study aims to determine the composite ranking and the condition of whether there are differences in bank health level before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in conventional commercial bank companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019-2020.Method : Descriptive quantitative research with comparative quantitative is applied in this research method. This study also uses the sign-Wilcoxon test. The data used is annual financial report for 2019-2020. There are 39 banks went public on the IDX in 2019-2020 as research sample in this research.Findings : The research result proved that the health of conventional commercial banks before and during the Covid-19 pandemic is included in Composite Rating 2 (PK-2), which reflects the bank’s general health condition. There is no difference in bank health level before and during the Covid-19 pandemic for the ratio of NPL, GCG, and ROA. However, there are differences in bank health level before and during the Covid-19 pandemic for the ratio of LDR, NIM and CAR. Novelty : The research contributes a new finding regarding analysis of bank health level assessment using RGEC method with comparing the bank health level before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic whereas the previous study merely research on sharia or conventional banks but before Covid-19 pandemic comes. This research finding directly implicates to the bank management to care about their performance, especially regarding to the bank health as one of signal for the investor who has their interest to the bank.Keywords : Bank Health Level; Covid-19; Financial Ratio; RGEC
The Role of The Company Life Cycle on Chief Executive Officer Power and Earnings Management
Authors: Adiwibowo Akhmad Sigit , Nurmala Putri
Published: October 2023

Purpose : This study aims to re-examine whether chief executive officer (CEO) power affects earnings management and whether company life cycles can moderate the effect of CEO power on earnings management.

Method : This study used publicly listed companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2017-2021, are 74 companies, or 370 data, were picked using a purposive sampling method that eliminates companies with outliers. This research uses panel data regression with a random effect model to examine CEO power on earnings management with the company’s life cycle as moderating variables.

Findings : This study finds that CEO power does not affect earnings management, and the decline stage can moderate the effect of CEO power on earnings management. However, the introduction, growth, and mature stage cannot moderate the effect of CEO power on earnings management.

Novelty : This study contributes to the literature on earnings management by highlighting CEO power in Indonesian companies with different life cycles. This study provides a unique perspective on earnings management, especially in emerging markets like Indonesia.

Keywords : CEO’s Power, Earnings Management, Company Life Cycle
Improved performance of Brutian pine wood via impregnation with nanoclay
Authors: Beram Abdullah
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of brutian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) wood impregnation with nanoclay in different concentrations on the chemical and thermal changes, and their impact on the physical and mechanical properties. The samples were impregnated with nanoclay in concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%, for 2, 24, and 48 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis revealed a shift in the typical peaks of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin depending on the impregnation time and nanoclay ratio. Thermogravimetric analysis and the limiting oxygen index indicated that the samples impregnated with clay solutions exhibited higher thermal stability than the unimpregnated wood. Impregnation with nanoclay caused a decrease water absorption and thickness swelling of the sample groups. The modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and compression strength strength values of samples were improved via impregnation. In conclusion, the applied nanoclay are suitable substances to increase the durability and thermal stablity of brutian pine wood.
Analysis of an Indian Classical Music Composition
Authors: Paigude Kasturi
Published: October 2023

This research aims to enable analysis of Indian classical music compositions by studying different elements of a composition of vocal music using a statistical method. Indian classical music is an art which is passed on to the next generation through an oral tradition and is mastered by practicing it orally and by listening to it. Writing music has been very minimal in Indian classical music tradition and is essential mainly for the reference purpose. Traditionally, analysis of an Indian classical composition too is done by listening to a composition and by studying its notation. Only medium paced compositions are analyzed in this research. The new method that I have suggested in this research can be used to check whether the results of analyzing a composition traditionally can match the results of analyzing a composition by using the statistical method. This research is a novel way of analyzing a few elements of a composition visually using its graphical representation. Using this method, an individual who understands mathematics and statistics but has a limited understanding of music can attempt to analyze certain elements of a composition. The prominent elements that are analyzed are: Mukhada-beginning of a composition, Sam swara- the swara on which the first beat of a taal is kept, Sthayi and Antara- the two parts of a composition, Taal-a cycle of beats, Laya- distance between two beats of a taal, Raagaroop- a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music and Sahitya- Text of a composition. I have analyzed three elements out of seven using the standard deviation, mean and the graphical representation. The elements are Mukhada, Sthayi-Antara and the Laya. The rest of the elements are analyzed by listening to the composition and by studying its notation.
Robust Analysis of XXE Attack Produced by Malware
Authors: Prakash Surbhi , Mohapatra AK
Published: October 2023

Malware Analysis is one of the major growing sections in the cyber security area. Various trends and types have been introduced in the industry for example static malware analysis, Dynamic malware analysis, hybrid malware analysis and machine learning-based malware analysis techniques. There is various malware introduced for example virus, Worms, ransomware, spyware, botnets, etc. Security threats have increased drastically over the period. From viruses, spyware, worms, trojans, and ransomware to many zero-day Malware is reported and exploited in different platforms.    Platforms like Windows, Android, and Cloud (Iaas or Paas). The Phenomenon is like attackers always making targets to humans via social engineering methodology or Phishing. When we talk about humans, the first thing that comes to mind of an attacker is the platform from which they will be able to concentrate on the target. The basic approach used mainly in detecting Malware in any platform is signature-based detection, which is quite beneficial. Still, as Malware is designed to be more obfuscated, detecting those malicious activities using a signature-based approach takes a lot of work. After the signature-based method, the behavior-based process is used to detect Malware. As some drawbacks appeared in both approaches, then, researchers found methodologies that can use Machine Learning Algorithms, for example, KNN, Random Forest, Nearest Neighbor, etc.
Solution for 3rd order Cauchy Difference Equation in Free Monoid
Authors: Pradeep M
Published: October 2023

— Let k: C ? D  be a function, where (C,.) is a Group and (D,+) is an Abelian Group. In  this article, the Third Order Cauchy difference of k:E(3)  k (c1,c2,c3,c4)= k(c1c2c3c4) –  k(c1c2c3)  – k(c1c3c4) – k (c1c2c3c4) –k (c2c3c4) +  k(c1c2) +  k (c1c3) +k(c1c4)+k(c2c3)+ k(c2c4)+k(c3c4) –k(c1) – k(c2) –k(c3) –k(c4)   ? c1,c2,c3,c4 C    is studied. We give solutions of E(3)k=0  on Free Monoid.
Effect of Chalazion on Corneal Astigmatism
Authors: Ramakrishnan Abinaya , Veeramani Panimalar A , G Taarika
Published: October 2023

A common eyelid disease chalazion causes eye morbidity due to inflammation and cosmetic disfigurement.  Important factors in corneal refractive surgery, intraocular lens power calculations for cataract surgery and visual acuity assessments are corneal topographic changes. For better outcome of ocular surgery  corneal astigmatism should be corrected earlier. The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in corneal astigmatism according to chalazion size and location. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in saveetha medical college and hospitals, Thandalam , Department of Ophthalmology Outpatient department. A total of 44 eyes from 33 patients were included in the chalazion group and 70 eyes from 46 patients comprised the control group. Chalazia were classified according to location and size. An autokeratorefractometer and a dual-Scheimpflug analyzer  were utilized to evaluate corneal changes. Result: Oblique astigmatism was greater in the chalazion group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Astigmatism by simulated keratometry (simK), steep K by simK, total root mean square, second order aberration, oblique astigmatism, and vertical astigmatism were significantly greater in the upper eyelid group (p < 0.05). Astigmatism by simK, second order aberration, oblique astigmatism, and vertical astigmatism were significantly greater in the large-sized chalazion group (p < 0.05). Corneal wavefront aberration was the greatest in the upper eyelid chalazion group, whole area group, and large-sized chalazion group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Large-sized chalazion in the  upper eyelid should be treated in the early phase as  great changes in corneal topography were noticed.  Corneal topography should be  performed preoperatively before chalazion is treated.
Evaluation of The Effect of Metformin and Progesterone on The Endometrium in Cases of Peri Menopausal Bleeding
Authors: Hassanin Tamer Mahmoud Zaki
Published: October 2023

Background: Numerous epidemiologic and experimental studies have suggested that unopposed estrogen may be a major factor in the development of benign, premalignant, and malignant endometrial lesions. Objective: To assess the unique effects of progesterone and metformin on simple endometrial hyperplasia and disorganized proliferative endometrium, and to ascertain if metformin is clinically helpful in this situation. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted between April 2023 and September 2023 at the obstetrics and gynecology department of Damanhur Medical National Institute. The study was a double blinded randomized study. 100 patients were involved in this study who were divided into 2 groups: The 1st one (50 cases) was treated with metformin (Glucophage) 500 mg in the first week then raise the dose to reach 1000 mg in the 4th week, for three months long. The 2nd group (50 cases) was administered medroxy progesterone acetate (Provera) 4mg once per day for 3 months long. Next 3 months all cases in both groups were gone for 2nd time endometrial biopsy for assessment of response of treatment and will have ultrasound examination every three months also. Result: Uterine hemorrhage after treatment and endometrial thickness after treatment did not statistically differ between the two study groups. Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction or hysterectomy between the two study groups. There was no discernible difference in the two groups' treatment lengths. While there was a high statistical rise in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea in group 2 compared to group 1, there was a strong statistical increase in the incidence of sore breasts, weakness, and metallic taste in group 1 compared to group 2. Conclusion: Progesterone and metformin may both be useful in treating benign endometrial proliferative lesions. To prevent its problems, endometrial proliferative lesions should be identified and treated properly.
Antibiotic Sensitivity of Escherichia Coli Museum Strains After Long-Term Storage in a Lyophilized State at Moderately Low Temperatures
Authors:   State Institution ‘Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine’, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Yagnuk Yulia , Gurina Tetiana ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Peretyatko Olena ,   State Institution ‘Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine’, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Sklyar Nadia ,   State Institution ‘Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine’, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Yagnuk Аndrii ,   Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Kalinichenko Svitlana ,   State Institution ‘Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine’, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Sensitivity of microbial cultures to antibiotics was determined using disco-diffusion method, broth serial dilution and agar serial dilution. Restored viability and detection of antibiotic resistance in the museum Escherichia coli strains stored for a lasting time in a lyophilized state indicates that freeze-drying in combination with moderately low temperatures for subsequent long-term storage is an eff ective method of maintaining collection microorganism strains in a functionally stable state, including preservation of their antibiotic resistance. It was found that one of the 21 studied strains was resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cephalosporins of the I–III generations, two strains were resistant to chloramphenicol, and four strains were insensitive to tetracycline. Detection of the resistance to cephalosporins and protected penicillins in E. coli strain isolated in 1963, long before the discovery and use of these antibiotics in clinical practice, confirms that antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon associated rather with the general mechanisms of adaptation of pathogens to adverse external environmental factors than with the widespread use of antimicrobial drugs.
A Review of Creative Play Interventions to Improve Children’s Hospital Experience and Wellbeing
Authors: Signorelli Christina , Robertson Eden G. , Valentin Chelsea , Alchin Joseph E. , Treadgold Claire
Published: October 2023

CONTEXT

Being in the hospital can be stressful for children and caregivers. Evidence-based play interventions to reduce this stress, such as play therapy or Child Life services, have been introduced in hospitals globally, with growing awareness of potential benefits.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the impact of nonmedical/illness-specific creative or play-based programs in hospital settings on children’s (<18 years) and their caregivers’ hospital experiences, wellbeing, and other health outcomes.

DATA SOURCES

PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review of original articles published since 2011, screening 2701 de-duplicated articles.

RESULTS

We identified 25 eligible articles, representing 1629 children (57% male), 422 caregivers, and 128 health professionals. Included studies most commonly evaluated professional children’s entertainers (n = 8 studies), music therapy (n = 4), unstructured play (n = 3), and humanoid/animal robots (n = 3). Most studies evaluated the impact on the child’s level of anxiety (n = 14/25), mostly supporting a reduction (n = 13/14 studies). Several studies provided evidence for a reduction in children’s pain (n = 4/6), and negative emotional/behavioral outcomes (eg, sadness, anger, irritability; n = 5/6 studies). There was mixed evidence for the impact of the included interventions on physiologic outcomes (eg, systolic pressure, heart frequency; n = 3/5 studies) and fatigue (n = 1/2 studies). Evidence on caregiver outcomes and the impact on health care services was limited.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of our review generally supported the value of play-based interventions on children’s’ wellbeing while in the hospital, particularly reducing anxiety and pain. Further evaluation of their impact on caregivers’ outcomes and the health care system is needed.
Basic construction-ecological norms in urban systems and ecogeographic consequences of sustainable development of urban areas (in Sabirabad city representation)
Authors: Amanova Shahnaz S.
Published: October 2023

Cities cover 3% of the earth’s surface, and Azerbaijani cities cover approximately 2% of the country’s territory. However, as in the world population, more than half of the population of Azerbaijan (52%) lives in cities. This is especially true for coastal cities. Goal: The purpose of the study is to assess the ecological consequences of the development of the Sabirabad city located on the river bank and to prevent future problems. The development and planning of the city of Sabirabad and its surrounding settlements, as well as their analysis, were reflected in the research work. At this time, satellite images of Sabirabad city for 1989, 2014, 2021, 2022 were processed. During the research, satellite images of August 2022 provided by AZERCOSMOS and satellite images of 2021 and 2022 obtained from Landsat 5, Landsat 8 satellites, and Google Earth were used. Studies of a period of about 50 years have been conducted, and territorial development of the city and surrounding settlements and future development forecasts have been prepared. 1:10,000 scale topo plans of the city of Sabirabad and its surrounding settlements from 1975 were used to accurately monitor the development of the borders, and the 2022 border was deciphered by us using satellite images provided by AZERCOSMOS and Google Earth. Also, the development of vegetation as a result of land use, the number and density of constructions in 2022, the absolute height of the relief of the city, the exposure of its slopes, and the density of roads were also analyzed and mapped. As a result of the research, it was found that the ecological situation is tense in Sabirabad urban landscape located on the banks of the Kura and Araz rivers. The reason for this is the denser settlement of the population along the river bank and the fact that the daily lifestyle of the inhabitants depends on the river waters. In recent times, the decrease in the water level in these rivers has aggravated the ecological situation. At the same time, the territory and population of the Sabirabad urban landscape continue to grow. Certain measures should be taken to reduce dependence on river water and reduce the impact of the population on the environment.
Petrological-mineralogical evolutional transformation of Cretaceous teschenite-tephrite, syenite-trachyte, and essexite-trachybasalt primary meltings (Carpathian, Caucasian and North TransBaikal regions)
Authors: Babayeva Gultekin J.
Published: October 2023

This article discusses spatial and time distribution of Cretaceous teschenite-tephrite and essexite-trachybasalt complexes of the Carpathian, Caucasian, North TransBaikal regions. The main aim of the article is a comparative analysis of petrological-mineralogical features of similar complexes located in the Carpathians, North Caucasus and Transbaikal, Georgia in the Khojavand depression in the southeast of the Lesser Caucasus. Rocks of teschenite-tephrite, essexite-trachybasalt complexes were formed in the Cretaceous, early Eocene and Miocene. The differentiates of the considered complexes are localized in graben-like structures. The initial stage of graben formation is associated with the formation of rocks of the essexite-trachybasalt complex. The next stage of this process is associated with the formation of the teschenite-tephrite complex. According to stages of bedding and develop- ment of riftogenic graben structures, the essexite-trachybasalt complex formed first, at a mature stage – teschenite-tephrite one. At the initial stage high titanian olivine subalkaline basaltic melting occurred from the garnet-phlogopite lherzolite substratum. At the second stage – subalkaline picrite melting occurred from this substratum, which is primary for teschenite-tephrite and syenite-trachyte com- plexes. The metasomatized high-titanium phlogopite lherzolite substrate was subjected to melting twice. An earlier stage of melting of the substrate did not exceed 0.1%, from which a high-titanium olivine trachybasalt melt was separated. The second stage of melting of the substrate reached 10-12%. In this case, a subalkaline olivine picrite melt was formed. Evolution of primary meltings occurred in different-depth intermediate foci and intrusive chambers. The main factor in evolution along with controlling geodynamic regime was gravitational-crystallized differentiation. The identified mineral parageneses, starting from the early stage of the evolution of the subalkaline picrite melt to the late one, actually characterize the stages of crystallization of the noted melt in the intrusive chamber and intermediate chambers. The Eocene and Miocene teschenite-tephrite and essexite-trachybasalt complexes are characterized by a smaller areal distribution and petrographic diversity. Obviously, during this period, the intense activation of transverse magma-feeding faults contributed to the rapid uplift of the subalkaline picrite melt into the upper horizons of the earth’s crust.
Kyiv green areas: assessment of the functioning efficiency and volumes of ecosystem services for erosion control
Authors: Korohoda Nataliia P. , Kovtoniuk Olga V. , Halahan Oleksandr O.
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the assessment of the functional effectiveness and volumes of erosion-control ecosystem services (ES). Such an assessment is necessary because only a sus- tainable green space is able to provide its ESs to the fullest extent. One of the main functions of urban green areas is soil protection. Its effectiveness determines the volume of this ES – erosion control. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the soil-protection function and the volume of this ES. The identification was based on the use of models for estimating erosion-driven soil removal. For this purpose, according to natural and anthropogenic factors, we substantiated a set of functional-efficiency parameters, by which it is possible to quantify it. These parameters were included as attributes in the database of green areas of Kyiv. In the process of geoinformation modeling, the rates of erosive processes were determined. The efficiency was assessed by comparing the rates of naturally and antropogenically caused erosion and the process of soil formation. The source materials were vector sets of geodata about the relief, soils, and vegetation of the Kyiv territory. The sets were created based on the data about the natural base (landscapes) of the city, remote sensing data, and the field and laboratory studies. The assessment was conducted in 50 selected green areas of Kyiv. By analyzing the geodata, we estimated erosion rate in each of the areas, based on which the green areas were divided into categories according to effectiveness of the soil-protection function. In 14% of the studied green areas, the rate of erosion-caused loss of soil has been over 1 t/ ha/year, so the effectiveness of the soil-protection function in these areas was considered bearable, and the scope of ES provision was average. Another 4% of the green areas have been losing 0.5 to 1 t/ha/year, so the efficiency was near-optimal, and the amount of ES was above-average. In other territories, the erosion rate was insignificant, mainly due to the flat relief, soils with a light granulometric composition, as well as the use of lawn grass in decorating parks, garden squares, etc. In green areas where the erosion rates were the highest – over 2 t/ha/year – in addition to the relief-dependent factors, there were also higher values of the vegetation-cover factor, which can be attributed to a significant percentage of areas with open ground. The use of geoinformation modeling in the assessment of ES volumes is applicable to any green space, and allows one to measure the actual volume of ES, accounting for natural and anthro- pogenic erosion factors.
Hydrogeochemical features of groundwaters of the Ukrainian shield fractured crystalline rocks on the example of Zhytomyr and Vinnytsia regions
Authors: Koshliakova Tetiana O. , Kuraieva Iryna V.
Published: October 2023

The chemical composition of groundwaters of fractured Precambrian crystalline rocks corresponding to the Ukrainian Shield aquifer system was investigated. Using the ex- ample of surveyed aquifers of the Vinnytsia and Zhytomyr regions, the similarity of the quantitative and qualitative composition of groundwater confined to the same hydrogeological structure is proven, which is due to similar natural conditions of resource formation (geological structure, the chemical composition of water-bearing rocks, rates of water exchange, amount of atmospheric precipitation, etc.). The dominant role of sulfates in the anionic composition of water samples from the aquifer in the fractured zone of crystalline rocks and their weathering crust (Vysokyi Kamin village, Zhytomyr region) was established. For the Zhytomyr region groundwaters, the dynamics of changes over time in such indica- tors of the general chemical composition as total mineralization, Ca, Mg, SO4, and Cl ions were analyzed for 2017-2019. A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of Mg, SO4, and Cl and their normalized indicators by the amount of water intake, which indicates that the content of mineral substances increases in the studied aquifer with an increase in water withdrawal. This is the evidence of the essential role of the anthropogenic factor in the formation of the general chemical composition of these waters. Using the method of mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS), the features of the trace element composition of groundwaters of the Ukrainian Shield fractured crystalline rocks were established. The obtained concentrations of elements were com- pared with normative values of the World Health Organization and biologically significant concentrations. The lack of several essential elements was revealed. The key potential risks for the health of the population, which constantly uses the investigated groundwaters for economic and potable needs, was outlined. Moreover, the high probability of occurrence of microelementoses with regular use of the investigated groundwaters is emphasized, which are associated with a significant deficiency of such vital elements as Cr (in the Vinnytsia region), Mn, Cu, and, especially, Zn, the content of which is critically low. Subsequently, the findings of this study can serve as a basis for carrying out biogeochemical zoning with the selection of relevant taxa (provinces).
Risk management analysis of environmental investment in economic security
Authors: Koval Viktor V. , Gonchar Viktoriya V. , Udovychenko Viktoriia V. , Kalinin Oleksandr V. , Slobodianiuk Olha V. , Soloviova Olha M.
Published: October 2023

Biodiversity loss is irreversible and demands investment in organizational measures for environmental protection and effective risk management of relevant financial investments to ensure national economic security. This research analyzes the directions of investment support for economic security based on rational interaction between society and ecosystems. The goal of this article is to identify the main directions of anthropogenic impact on the environment and the interdependence of improving ecological indicators through investment activities in the corresponding direction to ensure economic security. The study examines investment directions in environmental protection within the LIFE program projects to prevent negative cause-and-effect effects from the implementation of natural innovations. The maximization of the EU’s efforts in ecosystem restoration and protection is identified to mitigate investment risks by promoting the adoption of innovations across a wider range of societal spheres. It is estimated that during the period from 2018 to 2022, there was an increase in investment in environmental protection by approximately 18%, resulting in areduction in emissions intensity by 22.9% by economic activity types from 2016 to 2021, and the average CO2 emissions indicator contributed to a decrease by 1.1%. Investing in the environment requires continuous adaptation to changing external conditions and requires adjustments to reduce risk threats, such as unforeseen consequences of financial investments in certain economic sectors, shifts in societal behavior, and unexpected ecosystem impacts. However, effective management of investment risks is a potential for the development of environmental investment activities, such as the implementation and support of sustainable innovations (transition to eco-friendly construction, reforestation, raw material certification).
Reporte de Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae: Panchaeothripinae) en cebolla en Panamá
Authors: Barba-Alvarado Anovel Amet , Atencio-Valdespino Randy
Published: October 2023

Introducción. Los trips (Thysanoptera) incluyen una diversidad de especies fitófagas que tienen un impacto sobre el desarrollo de plantas de interés agrícola. Objetivo. Identificar la especie y daños del trips asociado al cultivo de cebolla (Allium cepa L.) en la región del Arco Seco de Panamá. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó durante el periodo de diciembre de 2020 hasta abril de 2021, en dos localidades con producción de cebolla en el Arco Seco de Panamá. Se realizaron cincuenta muestreos de plantas de cebolla por localidad. Se identificó la especie de trips presente, el número de especímenes de trips por estadio capturados, porcentaje de plantas con daños y características de los daños encontrados. Resultados. La especie Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae: Panchaeothripinae) causó laceraciones, manchas y secado de hojas de cebolla en el 80 % de las muestras de las plantas provenientes de la localidad de El Ejido. De los especímenes capturados, el 47,69 % eran hembras, 46,30 % inmaduros y 6,02 % machos. Conclusión. Se registró por primera vez daños en cebolla causados por C. phaseoli en la república de Panamá. El conocimiento que se generó constituye el paso inicial para la vigilancia fitosanitaria de dicha plaga en el cultivo de cebolla.
Daño y dinámica poblacional del gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda) en líneas élite de maíz (Zea mays)
Authors: Ávila-Martinez Daniel , Cervantes-Ortiz Francisco , Rodríguez-Pérez Gilberto , Gámez-Vazquez Alfredo Josué , García-Rodríguez J. Guadalupe , Mendoza-Elos Mariano
Published: October 2023

Introducción. Spodoptera frugiperda tiene la capacidad de formar grandes poblaciones y su alta tasa de diseminación, convierten a esta especie en una plaga de impacto económico. Las pérdidas debido a plagas y enfermedades se estiman en un 37 % de la producción agrícola mundial, con un 13 % a causa de los insectos. Objetivo. Evaluar el ataque, establecimiento y dinámica poblacional de orugas de cogollero en líneas de maíz. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó el estudio en laboratorio del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias y en el Instituto Tecnológico de Roque, ubicado en Celaya, Guanajuato en 2019. Se estableció la siembra manual y cuando las plántulas alcanzaron (V4) a los veinticinco días después de la siembra se infestaron con larvas estadio IV. Para medir la dinámica poblacional, se realizaron muestreos a partir del día veintiséis lo que cubrió todo el ciclo biológico (huevecillos, larva I, larva II, larva III, larva IV, larva V, pupa y adulto). Se empleó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con diez genotipos y diez repeticiones. Resultados. Los estadios de S. frugiperda que generaron mayor variabilidad en las líneas de maíz fueron las larvas IV y V. La dinámica poblacional mostró diferencias entre genotipos tolerantes con una población acumulada de cuatro a siete orugas en estadio IV y V, mientras que los susceptibles presentaron siete a veintiuna larvas IV y catorce a veintiuna larvas estadio V. Las líneas sobresalientes de maíz presentaron un acumulado de dos a seis larvas IV y cuatro a cinco orugas en estadio V por planta. Conclusión. La variabilidad fue mayor en los estadios larvarios IV y V de Spodoptera frugiperda, que sucedió entre los 26 y 54 días después de la siembra. En los genotipos tolerantes de maíz se encontraron hasta siete larvas por planta, mientras que en los susceptibles presentaron veintiún orugas.
Las voces y los cuerpos en la obra Carnes tolendas. Retrato escénico de una travesti: Escenas de igualdad en el teatro contemporáneo argentino
Authors: Marin Fwala-lo , Fossat Emilia
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo consiste en un estudio de la obra Carnes tolendas. Retrato escénico de una travesti, protagonizada por la galardonada actriz y escritora argentina Camila Sosa Villada y dirigida por María Palacios. Desde la perspectiva de los estudios teatrales, analizaremos la posibilidad de la obra de producir escenas de igualdad en términos de Jacques Rancière (2010; 2012). Para ello observamos cómo el espectáculo se inscribe en la crisis del personaje (Ryngaert, 2013) en virtud de que la construcción de la puesta está atravesada por múltiples textualidades que son identificadas y reconstruidas. Se profundiza en la descripción y análisis de la construcción de voces (Jolly y Moreira da Silva, 2013) y corporalidades (Fischer-Lichte, 2011) que escenifican distintos materiales, entre ellos textos dramáticos, canciones, relatos biográficos y aperturas al diálogo con la audiencia. En escena, Sosa Villada convoca numerosos cuerpos: cuerpos de varones violentos del universo familiar y policial, cuerpos de mujeres frágiles, cuerpos rotos y gastados de mujeres lorqueanas, su propio cuerpo travesti y hasta su antiguo cuerpo. La escena construye y deconstruye representaciones de cuerpos y voces en la lógica rapsoda que cose fragmentos en el teatro contemporáneo. La dramaturgia escénica abre la posibilidad de que el público experimente una puesta en escena que da voz a una historia invisibilizada y se deslumbre con las capacidades poéticas de la intérprete.
The education of aristocracy in Croatia and Slavonia in the 19th century
Authors: Iveljić Iskra
Published: October 2023

The author analyses the education of aristocracy in Croatia and Slavonia from the late 18th century until 1918. Education played a vital role in the mindset and lifestyle of aristocracy, and in retaining its elite position in the political, social, cultural, economic and military aspect, to name just some. Aristocrats were trained to become the pillars of society, they had private tutors and teachers, and often finished the gymnasium but did not necessarily continue their schooling at a higher level. Reforms of enlightened absolutism, which opened career chances for lesser nobility and burghers and the rise of well-educated and economically successful modern middle class after 1848, forced the aristocracy to keep pace. However, it still preferred traditional studies of philosophy, law or, to a much lesser extent, theology and was losing its dominant role in the field of arts as well.
Accumulation of heavy metals in leaves of tree species on the ash and slag dumps of the Burshtyn Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Semak Uliana , Myroslava Mylenka
Published: October 2023

Thermal power plant (TPP) facilities are considered as one of the major reasons for environmental pollution. Ash and slag dumps as a special construction for storage of combustion wastes of TPPs are recognized as sources of heavy metals (HMs) contamination for surrounding ecosystems. The present study is the first report of analyzing HMs contamination of the ash and slag dumps of the Burshtyn TPP.

The aim of the study is to estimate the content of HMs in the technogenic substrates of ash and slag dumps and investigate soil-plant interactions through analyzing potential of HMs accumulation in the leaves of native dominant woody species.

Materials and methods of research. Soil sampling was carried out in the period of July 2021 at previously determined points. The most common woody species (Populus tremula L., Betula pendula Roth., Salix caprea L.) were selected for testing of HMs accumulation abilities. Samples of plants and soil were subjected to an atomic absorption spectrometer for being analyzed for heavy metals: Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb, Mn and Fe.

Results of research and discussion. The results showed that the substrates of ash and slag dumps of the Burshtyn TPP were mainly contaminated by lead, copper and cadmium. All tested species concentrated high amounts of magnesium, iron, zinc and low concentration of cadmium. Bioaccumulation factor reflected the highest abilities of accumulation of zinc in all tested species and low level of bioaccumulation of cadmium. The highest index of biochemical activity showed Betula pendula. Salix caprea were found as a promising species for remediation due to intensive accumulation of such elements like cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and nickel.

Conclusions and prospects for further research. We consider plant organisms particularly useful for analyzing HMs accumulation as they can provide a cost-effective and long-term approach for bioindication and monitoring HMs pollution. Moreover, vegetation covers could be used for remediation of HMs contaminated sites
Legal nature of freedom of will: fundamental ideas and definition
Authors: Savchenko Viktor
Published: October 2023

The study aims to determine the legal nature of freedom of will, its definition and its place in the legal system as an idea, principle and norm. Research methods were chosen to consider the set goal and tasks: general and unique scientific methods of scientific knowledge of legal phenomena. In particular, the following research methods were applied: comparative-legal, formal-logical, systemic-structural, dialectical and others. These methods were used in their interdependence. The methodology contains information on philosophical aspects, methodological foundations of scientific knowledge, study of the structure and main stages of research. The paper examines the combination of two definitions, freedom and will, taking into account the legal specificity. The study proves that freedom in law is the possibility of behaviour not prohibited by law and the absence of coercion, except in cases, provided for by law. Will, in law, is the ability to control one's actions and manifestation from the outside, conscious regulation of one's behaviour, which is not limited to the legally defined possibility of behaviour. It is noted, that freedom has a passive character as the possibility of specific behaviour, and will is the active use of one's rights and opportunities. Will is the active use of freedom. The author emphasizes that although free will has a transcendent basis, it is inherent in law, confirmed by its global manifestation in legal science and practice. It is emphasized, that free will is a multi-layered, complex legal concept with a fundamental meaning. The position on the possibility of understanding freedom of will as a legal idea, an idea-principle, an idea-institute and an idea-norm that are not directly enshrined in normative legal acts, but reflected through the content of other legal institutions, principles and norms based on it, is substantiated. It is proved, that in the broadest sense, freedom of will in law is a legal idea, and the author's definition is proposed
Analytical method of identifying the type of defect of oil-filled equipment according to the results of analysis of gases dissolved in oil
Authors: Shutenko O.V. , Kulyk O.S.
Published: October 2023

Purpose. Development of a method for recognizing the type of defect of oil-filled equipment based on the results of the analysis of gases dissolved in oil.
Methodology. Analysis of gas ratio values in oil-filled equipment with various types of defects, synthesis of a method for recognizing the type of defects.       
Findings. A description of the analytical method for recognising the type of defects in oil-filled equipment based on the results of the dissolved gases analysis is given. To recognise the type of defect, the values of three ratios are used: CH4/H2, C2H4/C2H6, and C2H2/C2H4. Using these ratios, 40 different types of defects and their combinations can be recognised. These defects  correspond to 25 different ranges of gas ratios obtained as a result of gas content studies for 3715 units of oil-filled equipment The type of defect is determined by analysing the obtained gas ratio values and classifying them according to the ranges of gas ratios for each fault. In the case when the obtained ratio values correspond to several types of faults in the same range, characteristic nomograms of defects and recommendations according to the key gas method are used to clarify the type of fault. A comparative analysis of the reliability of fault type recognition using the developed method and some well-known methods for interpreting the results of dissolved in oil gases analysis was performed.
Originality.  An analytical method for recognising the type of faults in oil-filled equipment of electrical networks based on the results of the dissolved gases analysis is proposed. This method differs from the existing ones in that, when using three known gas ratios, it allows recognising a larger number of defects of different types (40), including those for which the known methods do not allow establishing a diagnosis. This result is ensured by the use of 25 ranges of gas ratios obtained from the results of gas content studies for 3715 units of oil-filled equipment.
Practical value. The use of the developed method for recognising the type of faults in oil-filled equipment of electrical networks allows increasing the reliability of defect recognition based on the results of dissolved gases analysis. This, in turn, makes it possible to increase the operational reliability of electric power equipment and extend the service life of this equipment.
Concept Formation Processes of Area and its Formula with GeoGebra: Case of Rectangle
Authors: Agacdiken Fatma , Yilmaz Rezan
Published: October 2023

This research aims to investigate the construction of the area of rectangle with GeoGebra and how students can formulate it. It focuses on describing the cognitive process involved in constructing this concept and how technology mediates such a process. The research was conducted
in a classroom with 5th grade students in a secondary school and was designed qualitatively as a case study. A readiness test was prepared to determine the preliminary knowledge of the students about the concept of area. The teaching process was carried out with the activities based on GeoGebra.
Considering the test results, researcher observations, and teacher views, five voluntary participants were selected, and we had three interviews with each of them. The obtained data from the teaching process and interviews were analyzed according to APOS theoretical framework. The results
of the research demonstrate that one of the participants could not conceptualize the area as an object as the number of unit squares that cover the area without any space, while two of the participants could not conceptualize the formula of area of rectangle as an object. The students generally
had difficulty in encapsulating the concept of the area and its formula. Area conservation and unit concept are important for conceptualizing the concept of area by realizing the covering feature of it, and understanding the dimension relationship is significantly effective in conceptualizing
its formula.
The Intuitive Way to Solve Construction Problems in the Dynamic Geometry Environment
Authors: Sinitsky Ilya
Published: October 2023

The ability to solve geometric construction problems is justly regarded as an essential component of mathematical culture. The dynamic, general nature of objects provided by dynamic geometry systems allows the development of intuitive methods for solving construction problems. The
core mathematical concept underlying this approach is the loci method, in which the main element of the required object forms as the intersection of two loci, each one obtained by purposely ignoring part of the conditions of the problem. With GeoGebra, the relevant locus may be visualized
and detected in trace mode. Using dynamic geometry this way for problem solving replaces the single object by the infinite locus and is similar to the introduction of variables for solving equations in school algebra. This paper presents some examples of how this approach may be realized along
with the results of a small-scale experiment with pre-service mathematics teachers.
An Investigation into Secondary School- age Learners’ Out -of-class (Community and Home-based Settings) STEM Learning Experience with Digital Technology
Authors: Li Xinyue
Published: October 2023

Digital learning resources are commonly employed to support learning in out-of-class contexts, either as a complement to the learning in formal classrooms or as an alternative that can be used by learners to pursue personal learning goals. This study identified a significant gap
in the literature concerning children's use of digital technology to support STEM (science and mathematics in particular) learning outside of the classroom. To develop a framework for further research in this area, this study adopted a multiple case study design using semi-structured
interviews and observations as data collection methods. Following a sociocultural framework, this research primarily confirmed existing work regarding the identification of motivational factors and concluded that the user interface (UI), all-in-one features of digital technology, simulation
and alternative learning experience were factors that influenced the learning motivation of secondary schoolage learners when learning science and mathematics with digital technology in out-of-class contexts.
Using DGS in Investigating Synchronised Registers of Representations of Extrema Problems
Authors: Bautista Jr Guillermo , Tejera Mathias , Dana-Picard Thierry , Lavicza Zsolt
Published: October 2023

On the one hand, mathematical software is ubiquitous in mathematics education. On the other hand, word problems are an important part of the curriculum, and they often require modelling skills. This is especially true with optimisation and extrema problems proposed to high school
and undergraduate students. We propose two activities around extrema problems, modelling with Dynamic Geometry Software (DGS). The exploration relies on the synchronised representations offered by the DGS. We discuss the different registers of representations used, their synchronisation and
the limitations of the models versus the concrete occurrence.
COMPARISION OF THE GLIO-PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF BIOPOLYMER COATED ELECTROSPUN SCAFFOLDS
Authors: BATTALOĞLU Ece , MORÇİMEN Zehra Gül , ŞENDEMİR Aylin
Published: October 2023

Gliosis is a condition that plays a negative role in various neurological pathologies. In this study, it was aimed to obtain and compare the glio-protective effects of electrospun fibrous scaffolds coated by different biopolymers. First, in vitro gliosis model was obtained by inducing U-87 MG cells with LPS and IFN-γ. The optimized model was applied to U-87 MG cells grown on polycaprolactone (PCL), hyaluronic acid (HA) coated, gelatin coated, and collagen coated PCL scaffolds. Immunofluorescent (IF) staining was performed with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody to determine the level of gliosis. It was found that 5µg/mL LPS concentration induced gliosis and hyaluronic acid-coated PCL scaffolds have shown a protective effect on gliosis.