bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of neurological soft signs with neuropsychological performance in persons with schizophrenia
Authors: Sachin B. S. , Pathak Kangkan , Avinash Priyaranjan , Saxena Vrinda , Victor Robin
Published: March 2022

Background:

Neurological soft signs (NSS) are subtle motor and sensory deficits that are frequently found in various psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. NSS in schizophrenia are frequently associated with impairment in cognitive abilities and deterioration in neuropsychological performance (NP).

Objective:

We aimed to study the correlation between NSS and NP in persons with schizophrenia.

Methods:

Sixty individuals of whom thirty had schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision and the rest thirty were matched controls were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic and clinical details were obtained and tests for the assessment of NSS and neuropsychological assessment were administered. Comparison based on scores obtained in these scales was made in both the groups.

Results:

NSS were present in 100% of patients with schizophrenia and in 16.6% of controls in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in neuropsychological assessment. In Group 1, NSS showed a significant negative correlation with Tower of London, Stroop Color-Word Test, Digit Vigilance Test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test. However, there was no correlation between NP and NSS in Group 2.

Conclusion:

NSS were more in persons with schizophrenia compared to healthy normal controls. Furthermore, there is a negative correlation between NSS and NP in persons with schizophrenia, which is differing from the control group. We may conclude that the presence of NSS predicts the poor NP, and also contributes to poor cognitive abilities of persons with schizophrenia.
Ameliorative effect of costus ethanolic extract against Oxaliplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in adult rats
Authors: Elshater Abd Elraheem A. , Ashry Mahmoud , Ahmed Hend , Abdel-Wahhab Khaled G. , Morsy Fatma Adly , Abd-Elstar Rana
Published: March 2022

Background and objective

Cancer is a disease associated with an abnormal proliferation and growth of living cells; treatment with the anticancer therapy, Oxaliplatin (OXP) results in hepatotoxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of costus ethanolic extract (CEE) against OXP-induced hepatotoxicity in a trail to improve its clinical use.

Materials and methods

Adult male Wistar rats (150–180 g body weight) were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats each): (a) healthy control group, (b) healthy rats treated orally with CEE (50 mg/kg/day), (c) rats injected intraperitoneally with OXP (10 mg/kg once/week), and (d) rats treated with CEE in combination with OXP.

Results and conclusion

After 6 weeks of treatment, the results revealed that CEE succeeded to decline OXP-induced hepatotoxicity; this was evidenced by the significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferases (ASAT), GGT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low dense lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin -1 Beta (IL-1β), and alpha-fetoprotein values as well as hepatic malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and DNA fragmentation coupled with a marked rise in serum CD4, albumin and high dense lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels, and hepatic glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase values. These effects agonized the structural restoration of the histological picture of liver. It could be concluded that CEE succeeded to a great extent to counteract the oxidative stress of OXP and protect the liver against its toxic effects; CEE may be considered as a promising supplement-candidate for the protection of liver against the side effects of that anticancer drugs.
Effect of inositol on ciprofloxacin-induced depression in rats through upregulation of Keap1-Nrf2 system
Authors: Salama Abeer , Elhadidy Mohamed E. , El-Kassaby Mahitab , Farrag Abdel Razik H.
Published: March 2022

Background

Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) are transcription factors that can protect against oxidative stress and inflammation. Its deficiency has a contributory role in depression. Inositol is a nutritional supplement that is linked to various neurotransmitter receptors, such as serotonin. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the influence of inositol on ciprofloxacin (CPX)-induced depression through the upregulation of Keap1/Nrf2 system.

Materials and methods

Animals were divided into four groups as follows: group I: the normal control group that received saline. Group II (depressed group): rats treated daily with CPX (50 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. Groups III and IV: rats received daily inositol (0.625 and 1.25 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days concurrently with daily dose of CPX. Forced swimming, oxidative biomarkers such as nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and glutathione-s-transferase, and Keap1-Nrf2 and serotonin brain contents were assessed.

Results and conclusion

CPX-induced oxidative stress, reduced swimming time, and serotonin (5-HT) brain contents and showed severe neural injury in the form of spongiosis, focal gliosis around the degenerating neurons, and injured neurons revealed differences in sizes, vacuolization, shrinking, apoptosis, and lysis. An elevation of swimming time, brain glutathione-s-transferase, serotonin contents with a decrease of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde, and ameliorated histopathological alterations were observed in the inositol-administered group with respect to the CPX group. In conclusion, inositol alleviated neurological toxicity and has antidepressant activity through the downregulation of oxidative stress pathway and upregulation of 5-HT level and Keap1/Nrf2 system.
Mushrooms as efficient biocontrol agents against the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Soliman Gaziea , Elkhateeb Waill , Wen Ting-Chi , Daba Ghoson
Published: March 2022

Background

Root-knot nematodes in general and Meloidogyne incognita, in particular, are pests that cause agricultural losses. Currently, nematode control relies on chemical nematicides, which are hazardous to the environment and human health. The increasing demand for ecofriendly nematicides has prompted researchers to look into biocontrol agents that act as efficient and long-lasting alternatives to the currently used chemicals.

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the in-vitro nematicidal activity of eight mushroom (Cordyceps militaris, Metacordyceps neogunnii, Hericium erinaceus, Dictyophora indusiata, Cerioporus squamosus, Tirmania nivea, Tirmania pinoyi, and Agaricus impudicus) extracts against M. incognita juveniles and eggs.

Materials and methods

Hydromethanolic extracts were prepared from the fruiting bodies of mushrooms under investigation. Then the obtained extracts were evaluated for their in-vitro nematicidal activity against M. incognita juveniles’ second stage after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment, also against their eggs.

Results and conclusion

All tested mushroom extracts were capable of inducing mortality in M. incognita second stage juveniles with mortality percentages ranging from 79.3 to 97%. On the other hand, the tested mushroom extracts exhibited some nematostatic and nematicidal activity against M. incognita eggs as compared with the control after 7 days using 80 µl/ml concentration. The tested mushroom extracts caused suppression in M. incognita eggs hatching with inhibition rates that ranged from 59.38 to 81.25%. A. impudicus hydromethanolic extract showed the highest inhibition as compared with the control and other tested mushroom extracts as it caused a relative suppression that reached 81.25% against M. incognita eggs after 7 days of exposure. The same mushroom extract has achieved a juveniles mortality of 97%. A. impudicus extract is nominated as a potential nematicidal agent. Further studies are required to confirm the potency of this extract and analyze its chemical profile.
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Wadhwan Vijay , Bansal Vishal
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignancy which is exclusively observed on sun exposed and hair bearing areas of the face.

Diagnosis:

We report two rare cases of basal cell carcinoma, which presented as a diagnostic challenge because of rare histopathology.

Findings:

Both cases showed pigmentation, while one case resembled adenoid cystic carcinoma because of the glandular and ductal pattern of basaloid cells.

Result:

We present these cases because of rare histopathologic presentation.
Facio-Odontometric Analysis in Mass Disaster Victim Identification - A Novel Approach
Authors: Sriraman Rajkumari , Dev Monica
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Forensic dentistry is an evolving field in legal medicine. In mass disasters, the co-mingled body parts can be misplaced; however, the intervention by dental experts can efficiently sort out the dispute. Understanding the fact that, rule of phi applies to all that exists in nature, in the present study, we aimed to correlate the Total Maxillary Arch Perimeter with the Total Body Height of an individual in cases scenarios where only the skull along with maxilla is the only leftover remains of the unidentified.

Material and Methods:

An observational study was designed involving ninety subjects comprising 45 males and 45 females of age 25 to 30 years for the following parameters. Total Body Height (TBH) was measured in centimetres using anthropometric rod. Total Facial Height (TFH) was then measured from nasion to gnathion using digital vernier caliper. Total Maxillary Arch Perimeter (TMAP) was measured from the maxillary arch model cast using digital vernier caliper.

Results:

The Total Maxillary Arch perimeter has significant positive correlation with Total Body Height as well as Total Facial Height of an individual. The regression equation was positively established for the prediction of Total Body Height from the known Total Maxillary Arch Perimeter as Total Body Height = 80.91762 + 0.718777 (Total Maxillary Arch Perimeter).

Conclusion:

The Total Maxillary Arch Perimeter can be used as a predictive tool in estimating the Total Body Height of the individual where the skeletal remains of the skull along with maxilla is only present.
Diagnostic Efficiency of Methylene Blue and Lugol's Iodine Double Staining Method in Oral Leukoplakia in Detecting Dysplasia
Authors: Sharma Dheeraj , Konidena Aravinda , Sharma Alpna
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Early detection of dysplasia in oral potentially malignant disorders (PMD) might facilitate screening for possible subsequent malignant transformation. Vital staining is a non-invasive clinical adjunct used for determining the biopsy site, which facilitates early detection of dysplastic changes in PMD. Some authors suggested that double staining method has superior results over staining with a single dye.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of in vivo staining with methylene blue (MB) and Lugol's iodine (LI) double staining method in comparison with MB staining alone.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty patients of oral leukoplakia were recruited for the study. After obtaining written informed consent from the patients, the lesions were stained consecutively with 5% MB and 3% LI. The pattern of dye retention of MB alone, followed by MB and LI was noted. Incisional biopsy from the lesion was taken based on the retention of MB and the absence of staining of LI or by clinical judgement in case both stains were not retained. The clinical uptake of the stains was correlated with the degree of dysplasia on histopathological examination.

Results:

Out of 50 subjects, MB was retained in 47 cases (94%), while 3 cases (6%) failed to retain the dye. However, out of 47 cases, 20 cases had dark blue stain and were considered as MB positive, while the rest 27 cases had pale blue stain and were considered to be negative for MB staining. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy (DA) of MB staining were 57.82%, 100%, 100%, 26.53% and 46%, respectively. After applying both stains, i.e., double staining method, the outline of the lesion was better defined. Out of 50 PMD cases, 3 patients retained only LI and showed no dysplasia. Out of 47 cases which showed dysplasia, 27 cases showed pale blue retention of MB (-) and also were negative for LI. The rest 20 cases were positive for MB but negative for LI. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV with double staining technique were 100%.

Conclusion:

The accuracy and reliability of double staining method was superior to MB staining.

Clinical Relevance:

Increased accuracy of double staining method aids in better detection of dysplasia and is of great help to the clinician in deciding the nature of PMD in question.
Estimation of IZOD Impact Strength between Different Concentrations of Chitosan-Reinforced Denture Base Resins
Authors: Chander N. Gopi , Jayaraman Venkatraman
Published: March 2022

Background:

Poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is an universally acceptable denture base material. Efforts are made to increase the applications with the addition of new constituents. Chitosan has established antifungal properties. The mechanical properties of Chitosan–denture base composite is less evaluated in the literature. This study estimates the differences in impact strength of material for different concentrations of chitosan-reinforced denture base resins.

Aim:

The study estimated the differences in IZOD impact strength of denture base resin reinforced with 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of chitosan by weight.

Materials and Methods:

The acrylic samples were fabricated in according to ISO 180 regulations. The study had four test groups (n = 10). ACh0 was the control group with no reinforcements. ACh5, ACh10 and ACh15 had chitosan reinforcement of 5%, 10% and 15% by weight. The samples were processed by conventional heat polymerization cycle and tested in IZOD impact testing machine. The data were recorded and statistically analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results:

The mean impact strength was high in ACh5 (4.25 ± 1.05 kJ/m2) compared to ACh0 (2.88 ± 0.60 kJ/m2), ACh10 (3.63 ± 0.40 kJ/m2), ACh15 (3.38±0.60 KJ/m2). Statistically significant differences between the test groups was determined by Kruskal–Wallis and post hoc Bonferroni test (Chi-square = 12.843, P = .005, df = 3).

Conclusion:

The impact strength of denture base resin increased with 5% chitosan compared with other percentage of chitosan. No statistical significant relationship was observed between the groups.
Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Two Adhesive Materials on Demineralized Dentin Treated with Silver Diamine Fluoride
Authors: John J Baby , Gainneos Pradeep D. , Mathew Basil M. , Bharath C , Duraisamy Vinola
Published: March 2022

Context:

Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common diseases in the children of developing countries, affecting their oral health-related quality of life. From an economic perspective, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) can limit the progression of active carious lesions.

Aims:

To estimate and compare the loss of shear bond strength among two adhesive materials on SDF-treated demineralized primary teeth dentin.

Settings and Design:

Laboratory setting and in-vitro study design.

Methods and Material:

For the in-vitro study, 40 primary teeth indicated for extraction were selected. The demineralization solution was 5% nitric acid. The samples were divided into four groups, Group 1 – GIC Type IX, Group 2 – Self-etch (SE) adhesive + G-Aenial Universal Flo, Group 3 – SDF + GIC Type IX, and Group 4 – SDF + SE adhesive + G-Aenial Universal Flo.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive analysis and analysis of variance with Tukey's Post hoc test.

Results:

The shear bond strength of GC G-Aenial Universal Flo (18.8165 ± 13.0448 MPa) found to be superior to GIC (5.7845 ± 1.8968 MPa). However, bond strength was significantly reduced with GC G-Aenial Universal Flo (34.0441 ± 14.1949/18.8165 ± 13.0448 MPa) compared to GIC (7.7956 ± 2.2804/5.7845 ± 1.8968 MPa) following the application of SDF.

Conclusions:

It was concluded that SE adhesive + GC G-Aenial Universal Flo is the material with better shear bond strength compared to GIC Type IX with and without SDF. Considering the severity and prevalence of ECC, socioeconomic strata of Indian population, the choice of material for masking the discoloration, and prevention of disease, GIC can be suggested as an alternative over GC G-Aenial Universal Flo.
Oral Health Indicators of Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Indian Elderly
Authors: Marya Charu Mohan , Grover Harpreet Singh , Tandon Shourya , Gupta Anil , Nagpal Ruchi , Taneja Pratibha
Published: March 2022

Aim:

To assess the impact of tooth loss and periodontal status on oral health related quality of life among Indian elderly.

Methodology:

This study was a cross-sectional study conducted among 1200 elderly subjects of Faridabad district of Haryana. Study subjects were selected by a combination of systematic, cluster and multistage sampling techniques. The data were collected through a clinical oral examination for tooth loss and periodontal status assessment (WHO Oral Health Survey 2013) and a self-administered questionnaire to assess the OHRQoL. Dental behaviours such as dental visiting patterns, tobacco chewing habits and oral hygiene practices were also recorded.

Results:

In bivariate analysis significant associations were found among age, gender, education, tooth mobility and Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). Multivariate logistic regression showed significant impact of number of missing teeth and mobility on OHRQoL (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The conclusions derived from this study are of considerable importance for Indian policy makers in their work with planning and implementing public oral health strategies for geriatric population.
Resin Infiltration and Remineralization Interventions in Management of Moderate Dental Fluorosis
Authors: Singhania Shreepriya , Nandlal B. , Shanbhog Raghavendra , Veeramani Ragavee
Published: March 2022

Context:

Aesthetic concerns due to dental fluorosis (DF) considerably impact pyschosocial health in young children and requires aesthetic microinvasive treatment.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to use quantitative light-induced fluorescence to evaluate two intervention protocols: microabrasion with resin infiltration and microabrasion with remineralization and assess which brings about more fluorescence gain; better colour masking and greater patient satisfaction among subjects with dental fluorosis.

Methods and Material:

120 maxillary central incisors with Grade 3 DF (Dean's Fluorosis Index) were randomly distributed into four groups: I-microabrasion + resin infiltration (fluorosis with stains); II-microabrasion + remineralization (fluorosis with stains); III-microabrasion + resin infiltration (fluorosis without stains); IV-microabrasion + remineralization (fluorosis without stains). At baseline, post-microabrasion and post-intervention Quantitative light-induced fluorescent images were captured. Fluorescence gain (ΔF) was analysed from the blue light images. The white light images were used to evaluate post intervention colour difference (ΔE = [(ΔL*) 2+(Δa*) 2+(Δb*) 2]1/2) and child satisfaction was evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Collected data was analysed using repeated measures ANOVA and Independent t-test.

Results:

Intra-group comparison of ΔF values showed statistically significant improvement in ΔF value in all the four groups (P < 0.001, 0.002). Inter-group comparison of ΔF values based on intervention showed statistically significant fluorescence gain (P < 0.004) indicating resin infiltration intervention being better than remineralization in unstained grade III fluorosis. The colour difference was statistically significantly better with resin infiltration in both stained and unstained Grade III DF (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Resin infiltration intervention showed better fluorescence gain and colour masking compared to remineralization intervention.
Postmastectomy breast reconstruction awareness and attitudes in Nigerian women with breast cancer
Authors: Michael Afieharo I. , Olawoye Olayinka A. , Ademola Samuel A. , Ugwu Ebere Osinachi , Sarimiye Foluke O. , Ayandipo Omobolaji O. , Aderibigbe Rotimi O. , Iyun Ayodele O. , Oluwatosin Odunayo M.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Sub-Saharan Africa has a high burden of breast cancer and very low rates of breast reconstruction. This study aimed to determine the awareness of and attitude to breast reconstruction among women with breast cancer who had mastectomy.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study of women with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy was done. Participants were recruited from September 2020 to January 2021 from the surgical oncology and radio-oncology outpatient clinics of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of awareness and attitudes to breast reconstruction. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Fifty-one women participated in the study. The mean age was 54.76 (+9.94) years. Most, 30 (58.8%) of them had tertiary level of education, were working, 39 (76.5%) and were married, 41 (80%). Funding for the mastectomies was mainly out-of-pocket 34 (66.7%). Most 37 (72.5%) were not aware that the breast could be reconstructed before their surgery and only one (1.96%) of the women had breast reconstruction. The reason most proffered for declining breast reconstruction was not wanting another surgery 13 (33.3%). The age (odds ratio [OR] 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001–0.33), P = 0.006 of the participants and the educational status (OR 12.50, 95% CI 1.86–84.26), P = 0.009 were significant predictors of awareness of breast reconstruction. None of the variables were significant predictors of positive attitudes to breast reconstruction.

Conclusion:

There is a very low level of awareness of breast reconstruction. Younger age and tertiary education were significant predictors of awareness of breast reconstruction.
Knowledge, attitude, and prescribing practices of antimicrobials among doctors in the outpatient departments of Lagos university teaching hospital Idi-Araba
Authors: Akodu Babatunde , Bisola Raheem , Temitope Ladi-Akinyemi , Abdulrazzaq Lawal , Philip Oshun , Ibukunoluwa Baiyeroju , Patrick Orumbie , Olufunmilayo Olokodana-Adesalu , Ganiya Oyeleke , Chioma Osuagwu , Oyinlola Oduyebo
Published: March 2022

Background:

Antimicrobial prescription becomes inappropriate when there is overprescribing, unsuitable dosage and when patients do not complete their treatments. In the outpatient settings, irrational prescription of antibiotics is more evident and has led to the development of resistance, adverse reactions, and increased health care costs. Understanding the knowledge, driving forces and practices of prescribing antibiotics is a step towards ensuring rational use of antibiotics. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of antimicrobial prescription among doctors in the outpatient departments of Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted consecutively among 259 doctors in the outpatient departments of LUTH. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi info software version 7. The level of statistical significance was at P < 0.05.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 33.5 ± 6.9 years. Majority of the respondents were males (58.7%). One-third (39%) had between 6 and 10 years of work experience. One-fifth (20.8%) of the respondents were from the department of surgery. Almost all (98.8%) had an overall good knowledge of antibiotics. Majority, (95.4%) had a good attitude towards prescribing. Two-third (63%) requested for a laboratory test before prescribing. However, less than half (44.4%) prescribed based on guidelines and more than half (56.8%) had received trainings on antibiotics prescriptions. Two-third (63.7%) of the respondents had good prescribing practices. There was a statistically significant association between the years of work experience and knowledge of prescribing antibiotics (P = 0.036).

Conclusion:

Majority had good knowledge and positive attitude toward prescribing. The severity of infection, availability of the drug, cost of the drug, and clinical response of the patients were the major predictors of antimicrobial prescription of the respondents. Antimicrobial stewardship programs should be enhanced and antibiotic surveillance should be improved.
Role of folate metabolizing genes and homocysteine in mothers of Down syndrome children
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Kaur Anupam
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Folates are essential nutrients required for the synthesis of DNA/RNA in cell division and segregation. Folates are reduced and methylated in the liver with the help of enzymes such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), MTR MTRR, reduced folate carrier 1, and cystathionine-β-synthase. Variants in the genes encoding these enzymes may lead to hypomethylation, resulting in nondisjunction which in turn increases the risk for Down syndrome (DS). The present study was conducted to genotype these genes and to see their association with homocysteine levels.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 213 mothers having DS children and 220 mothers having normal children were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated from lymphocytes followed by polymerase chain reaction/Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism for genotyping. Homocysteine levels were checked by chemoassay utilizing coumarin-based fluorescent probe.

Results:

Genotypic frequency of MTHFR 1298 A > C polymorphism was significantly different among cases and controls (χ
2 = 5.83, P = 0.01), presence of C instead of A allele provided protection against DS in mothers (odds ratios = 0.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.35–0.91, P = 0.01). Higher levels of homocysteine were independently associated with the risk of having DS child (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Homocysteine acted as an independent risk factor in the present study and was not associated with folate metabolizing gene variants.
Suggestions for Escaping the Dark Ages for Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Treated with Radiotherapy: Analysis of Prognostic Factors from the National Multicenter Study
Authors: Kim Hyun Ju , Lee Joo Ho , Kim Youngkyong , Lim Do Hoon , Park Shin-Hyung , Ahn Seung Do , Kim In Ah , Im Jung Ho , Chung Jae Wook , Kim Joo-Young , Kim Il Han , Yoon Hong In , Suh Chang-Ok
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate clinical, radiologic, and treatment-related factors affecting survival in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) treated with radiotherapy.Materials and MethodsPatients aged <30 years who underwent radiotherapy as an initial treatment for DIPG between 2000 and 2018 were included; patients who did not undergo magnetic resonance imaging at diagnosis and those with pathologically diagnosed grade I glioma were excluded. We examined medical records of 162 patients collected from 10 participating centers in Korea. The patients’ clinical, radiological, molecular, and histopathologic characteristics, and treatment responses were evaluated to identify the prognosticators for DIPG and estimate survival outcomes.ResultsThe median follow-up period was 10.8 months (interquartile range, 7.5 to 18.1). The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 53.5% and 19.0%, respectively, with a median OS of 13.1 months. Long-term survival rate (≥ 2 years) was 16.7%, and median OS was 43.6 months. Age (< 10 years), poor performance status, treatment before 2010, and post-radiotherapy necrosis were independently associated with poor OS in multivariate analysis. In patients with increased post-radiotherapy necrosis, the median OS estimates were 13.3 months and 11.4 months with and without bevacizumab, respectively (p=0.138).ConclusionTherapeutic strategy for DIPG has remained unchanged over time, and the associated prognosis remains poor. Our findings suggest that appropriate efforts are needed to reduce the occurrence of post-radiotherapy necrosis. Further well-designed clinical trials are recommended to improve the poor prognosis observed in DIPG patients.
Single-pass capacitive deionization with a HNO3-modified electrode for fluoride removal
Authors: Zhang Feng , Yang Fan
Published: March 2022

HNO3-modified activated carbon was used to make electrodes for single-pass capacitive deionization for removing F- from drinking water. The optimal operating conditions for F¯ removal were studied, and the F¯ removal performance, cycle stability, and charge efficiency of the electrode were investigated. Based on these results, an optimization scheme was proposed for practical applications. After HNO3 modification, the proportion of micropores, specific surface area, and number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the activated-carbon surface increased, resulting in a significant increase in the specific capacitance of the electrode. Under optimal operating conditions, the adsorption capacity of the modified electrode was 13% higher than that of the unmodified electrode, while the charge efficiency increased by 25% and reached a peak value after about 1,100 s. The HNO3-modified electrode had good cycle stability, and maintained 83% of the original adsorption capacity after 5 cycles. Optimizing the adsorption time (1,500 s) and desorption time (900 s), 80% of the specific adsorption capacity was maintained after 5 cycles. In addition, the cycle time was reduced by 32%, and the utilization rate of electric-double-layer adsorption sites was optimized, resulting in a reduction in the energy consumption per unit F¯ removal.
MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 nanocomposites incorporated cellulose acetate for forward osmosis membranes of high desalination performance
Authors: Li Tong , Ba Xuelian , Wang Xiuju , Wang Zhongpeng , Yang Jie , Cui Yu , Wang Liguo
Published: March 2022

Forward osmosis (FO) membrane is a promising membrane technique. However, its application in desalination is limited. Thus, we synthesized MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 via solvent-thermal method to fabricate MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/cellulose acetate (CA) composite membranes of high desalination performance. MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 and MIL-53(Fe) particles were studied using XRD, FITR, SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and AFM. The structural features of MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane and MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane were analyzed using SEM, AFM and water contact angle. The reverse salt flux and water flux of the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane reached 1.78 g m-2 h-1 and 37.1 L m-2 h-1, respectively, when the deionized water and 1 M NaCl solution were the feed solution and traction solution, respectively. Compared to the MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane, the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane demonstrated better perviousness and selectivity properties of the membrane. This study shows a potential advantage of MOF composites as additives for improvement in the desalination performance of forward osmosis membranes.
The potential of common duckweed (Lemna minor) in phytoremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Asghari Somayeh , Tarrahi Roshanak , Lisar Seyed Yahya Salehi , Babanezhad Esmaeil , Dashtban Nafise
Published: March 2022

The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a group of toxic and persistent aromatic pollutants in the environment is rapidly enhancing. These compounds have adverse impacts on the health of living organisms. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the potential of duckweed (Lemna minor) as an aquatic plant species for uptake, accumulation, and biodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene under controlled conditions. L. minor plants were treated with 10 and 20 mg L-1 concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene at the experimental duration of ten days. According to the results obtained, the toxicity of phenanthrene and pyrene contaminants on L. minor was influenced by the different initial PAHs concentrations. An increase in phenanthrene and pyrene concentration significantly decreased all studied growth parameters such as fresh weight, dry weight, and RFN and also photosynthetic pigment contents of the plant. Phenanthrene and pyrene concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique after 10 days of exposure to the PAHs. The results revealed that L. minor species could bioaccumulate effectively both typical PAHs. Furthermore, the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) technique explained the biological degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene by L. minor in the present research, and accordingly, several intermediate by-products were identified.
Solar-powered electrocoagulation treatment of wet flue gas desulfurization wastewater using dimensionally stable anode and induced electrode
Authors: Lin Xin , Gong Junda , Li Hang , Zhang Haiyun , Yu Yang , Tan Wenyi
Published: March 2022

Solar-powered electrocoagulation (EC) process is proven to be an alternative option for wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) wastewater treatment, due to simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants efficiently and reduce the operation costs significantly. Rapid and stable photoelectricity response is necessary for the removal efficiency of pollutants (eg. COD and turbudity), especially in low solar irradiation intensity. In this paper, dimensionally stable anode (DSA) and operation voltages in EC process driven by solar cells were investigated, for the purpose of the optimized removal of pollutants, including COD, turbidity, (free residual chlorine and chlorine dioxide). The results show that the removal efficiency of COD and turbidity can respectively reach 59.12% and 39.11% within 30 min of illumination time (the enhanced solar radiation = 915.8 W m-2), when Ti-based plates were adopted. The concentration of free residual chlorine and chlorine dioxide can reach 2.70 and 5.31 mg L-1, indicating that chlorine ions present in WFGD wastewater have been converted into active chlorine partly. Solar-powered EC equipped with Ti-based plates have a potential prospect in EC process for WFGD wastewater treatment.
The Connected Past 2017: Perspectives on Network Analysis for Social Sciences
Authors: Dessaint Marion
Published: March 2022

Compte rendu de la conférence Connected Past 2017
Innovation in Education: the Implementation of Selfdefense in the Curriculum
Authors: Lapková Dora , Svoboda Jiří
Published: March 2022

Daily reports show that crime does not avoid children or adolescents. There are two types of crimes: crimes against them and crimes committed by them. One of the important questions of these days is how to stop this state or minimize. The aim of this article is to show the possibility of reduction of violence against children and adolescents. One of the possible ways is the implementation of self-defense in the curriculum. In this article are also mentioned the most common ways of attacking, risk groups and the consequences for the victim.
Addressing the Feasibility of the Parameters of Strongly Regular Graphs with a MacLaurin Series Approach
Authors: Mano Vasco Moco , Vieira Luıs Almeida
Published: March 2022

In the environment of Euclidean Jordan algebras, we consider a Jordan frame associated to the adjacency matrix of a strongly regular graph and construct a MacLaurin series with an element of the frame. From this series we establish feasibility conditions for the existence of strongly regular graphs.
Online Occupational Stress Intervention System for Academics
Authors: Teichmann Mare , Ilvest Jr. Jüri , Soone Ivar
Published: March 2022

This paper has outlined a new web-based intervention system for university academics. In particular, the paper addresses the evidence-based aspects of occupational stress in technical university academics. The novelty of the online system is in multiple-choice approach considering both primary and secondary level stress interventions. The users have a possibility to get information about their own stress level and about the specific occupational stressors by using stress test (AcadOSI), to learn coping with stress by using digital teaching tools and sources of relevant information, and finally the users receive video-based instructions for better coping with most intensive sources of stress. In academic life it means the occupational stress management trough better workflow planning, personal work-life balance activities, evaluating the necessity of bureaucracy in university, enhancing relationships with students, peers and management, and working on constant professional development.
Mobile Application Development using Flutter SDK: Development of a News Mobile Application using Flutter and NEWS API
Authors: Patil Sourabh G , Jadimath Veer , Elemmi Mahantesh C. , Dhumale Pritam , N. M Naveen
Published: March 2022

The rate of growth of technology and the interactions of people made from far distance is at its maximum peak in the entire timeline of human history. These times therefore require an individual with accurate and legitimate updated knowledge of the incidents occurring to his immediate surroundings as well as of the entire globe. Owning devices such as smart phones, smart watches, tablets and other portable electronics of such kind is very common practice and the number of users is increasing day by day. NEWS was delivered through the means of messengers in medieval times, printing press in the 15th century. NEWS through television was convenient source of live information delivery which was popularized in 19th and 20th century. We have reached the epitome of fastest NEWS or information delivery system. This system however has a drawback in which the individual has to be in front of a television with a setup box and a bunch of wired cable which makes it a bit more tedious to get updated with information regularly. Hence, this can be improved by using the technology of applications on smart phones. The app will contain regular updates on topics which will be communicated by NEWS API. The API will get its information through various NEWS broadcasters available around the globe like BBC, CNN, Guardian, NDTV. This will greatly improve the speed of information reaching the average person. In comparison to the native apps, the average user of our app will be able to run it smoothly on their devices because of the minimalistic design while getting access to significant and latest NEWS. This feature not only drives the user to an information-centric source for day-to-day updates but can also keep the unwanted clutter away from the user experience. NEWS app allows us to explore the various types of integration available between foreign API’s and android application which transits to a unique experience for every user. It also provides us with an opportunity to learn the integration of the android application with Google's Firebase through which we would work and learn to manage and view the application’s analytics, explore push messaging services and much more features such as database management for android application.
Presentación
Authors: Camarero Hernán
Published: March 2022

Presentación
Presentación del dossier
Authors: Alle María Fernanda , Prado Acosta Laura
Published: March 2022

Presentación del dossier
Lecturas ácratas en torno a la Revolución cubana
Authors: Trejo Daniel R.
Published: March 2022

A 60 años de haber triunfado, la Revolución cubana sigue suscitando apasionados debates sobre su significación y realidades, pues despertó la esperanza de un cambio profundo en los sinos de los pueblos americanos. Sin embargo, una familia de izquierda la cuestionó en sus orígenes mismos, advirtiendo muy temprano el peligroso giro dado hacia el socialismo de estilo soviético. En esa tesitura este artículo examina cómo reaccionaron y qué lecturas elaboraron los anarquistas ante ese proceso. El análisis se realizó a partir de diferentes publicaciones y documentos producidos por organizaciones libertarias de Argentina, Cuba, México y Uruguay entre 1960 y 1962.
Los trotskistas bajo el terror nazi. Una historia de la IV Internacional durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (2021)
Authors: Monge Emiliano
Published: March 2022

Resumen de Velia Luparello, Los trotskistas bajo el terror nazi. Una historia de la IV Internacional durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Santiago de Chile, Ariadna, 2021, 373 pgs.
The procedure for applying a preventive measure in the form of house arrest
Authors: Пальчикова Н.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается соотношение понятий «применение домашнего ареста», «избрание домашнего ареста», «исполнение домашнего ареста», выделяются два этапа применения домашнего ареста в ходе расследования уголовного дела: избрание меры пресечения и исполнение меры пресечения. Также исследуются стадии избрания меры пресечения (досудебная и судебная), в процедуре исполнения меры пресечения делается попытка выделить четыре стадии: 1) подготовка органами предварительного расследования документов, необходимых для осуществления контроля за подозреваемым (обвиняемым); 2) постановка подозреваемого (обвиняемого) на учет в уголовно-исполнительной инспекции; 3) контроль за нахождением подозреваемого (обвиняемого) в месте исполнения меры пресечения в виде домашнего ареста; 4) снятие с учета подозреваемого (обвиняемого), в отношении которого избрана мера пресечения в виде домашнего ареста.

The article examines the relationship between the concepts "application of house arrest", "election of house arrest", "execution of house arrest", distinguishes two stages of execution house arrest in the course of a criminal investigation: the choice of a preventive measure and the execution of a preventive measure. The stages of choosing a preventive measure (pretrial and judicial) are also considered, an attempt is made to distinguish four stages in the procedure for executing a preventive measure: 1) preparation by the preliminary investigation bodies of documents necessary to exercise control over the suspected (accused); 2) registration of the suspected (accused) with the criminal executive inspectorate; 3) control over the presence of the suspected (accused) in the place of execution of the preventive measure in the form of house arrest; 4) removal from the register of a suspected (accused), of whom a measure of restraint in the form of house arrest has been chosen
Reflection on the content of a forensic definition "Counteraction to the investigation of crimes"
Authors: Кучин О.С.
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируется криминалистическая дефиниция «противодействие расследованию преступлений». Отмечается, что действующий УПК РФ предоставляет стороне защиты довольно широкие права, позволяющие участвовать в объективном установлении всех обстоятельств расследуемого уголовного дела даже в том случае, если позиция защиты расходится с доводами обвинения. Однако в криминалистике в последние годы такие действия защиты стали восприниматься как противодействие расследованию преступлений. Автор аргументирует несостоятельность сложившегося подхода в криминалистической деятельности

The current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation grants the defense party quite broad rights that allow it to participate in the objective establishment of all the circumstances of the criminal case under investigation, even if the defense position is fundamentally at odds with the prosecution's arguments. However in the forensic science, in recent years, such actions of defense have begun to be perceived as counteraction to the investigation of crimes. The author argues the inconsistency of the existing approach in forensic activity.
The importance of prognostic function in the development of modern fingerprinting
Authors: Соколова О.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматривается современное состояние дактилоскопии как наиболее разработанного в теоретическом в практическом плане направления исследований в судебной экспертизе. Научно-технический прогресс, характеризующийся непрерывным процессом развития науки, техники, появлением инновационных технологий, способствует возникновению многочисленных отраслей знания, включая дактилоскопию, что позволяет периодически пересматривать достижения и определять векторы дальнейшего движения. В связи с этим автор предлагает рассматривать прогностическую функцию в качестве одной из форм научного предвидения в дактилоскопии и обосновывает выделенные в дактилоскопии перспективные направления. Среди них, по мнению автора, помимо собственно дактилоскопического и интегрального (папилляроскопического) важное место отводится научно-техническому, связанному с разработкой новых средств, форм и методов, применяемых для выявления, фиксации, изъятия и исследования следов рук.

The article presents the current state of fingerprinting as the most developed in the theoretical and practical terms of research in forensic science. Scientific-technological progress characterized by a continuous process of development of science, technology, the emergence of innovative technologies contributes to the appearance of numerous branches of knowledge, including fingerprinting, which allows to periodically review achievements and determine the vectors of further development. In this regard the author proposes to consider the prognostic function as one of the forms of scientific foresight in fingerprinting and substantiates the promising directions identified in fingerprinting. Among them, according to the author’s opinion, in addition to the actual fingerprint and integral (papillaroscopic), an important place is given to the scientific-technical, associated with the development of new means, forms and methods used to identify, fix, remove and study handprints
Features and problems of combating crime by the Leningrad police during the blockade
Authors: ЯКОВЛЕВА М.А. , МАРЧЕНКО Е.М.
Published: March 2022

В статье на основе анализа нормативных положений, статистических данных, научных публикаций рассматриваются исторические особенности и проблемы, существовавшие у органов милиции, в сфере противодействия преступности в период блокады. Отмечается, что вопрос историографии органов внутренних дел в целом и ленинградской милиции в частности в период блокады не теряет своей значимости на протяжении длительного периода времени, актуализируясь в связи с фактами фальсификации исторических событий Великой Отечественной войны. Авторы приходят к выводу, что, несмотря на значительные сложности наиболее трагичного в историографии Ленинграда и Великой Отечественно войны этапа, деятельность милиции в сфере противодействия преступности была эффективной

Based on the analysis of regulations, statistical data, scientific publications the article examines the historical features and problems that existed among the police in the field of combating crime during the blockade. It is noted that the issue of historiography of the internal affairs bodies in general and the Leningrad militia in particular during the blockade does not lose its significance for a long period of time, being actualized in connection with the facts of falsification of the historical events of the Great Patriotic War. The authors come to the conclusion that, despite the significant difficulties of the most tragic stage in the historiography of Leningrad and the Great Patriotic War, the activity of the police in the field of combating crime was effective.