bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Трансформация отрывного турбулентного течения в конической лунке на стенке узкого канала и снижение гидравлических потерь c увеличением конусности
Authors: Исаев С.А. , Никущенко Д.В. , Судаков А.Г. , Тряскин Н.В. , Юнаков Л.П.
Published: April 2021

Based on the solution of the URANS closed with a modified model of turbulence MSST, the separated flow in a narrow channel with a conical dimple on the wall with a coning angle of θ was calculated. It is noted that there is a sharp transition from the periodic mode with two alternately changing vortices in close to cylindrical (θ = 10о-22.5о) dimples to modes with periodic low-frequency oscillations of inclined mono-tornado structures at moderate θ (30о-37.5о) and with steady vortex structures at θ above 45о. Relative hydraulic losses in the irradiated section of the channel with an increase in θ remain at the level of 1.23-1.24 to θ = 45о, and then quickly decrease by almost 1.5 times to 1.16 at θ = 60о.
A Heart Rate Monitoring App (FibriCheck) for Atrial Fibrillation in General Practice: Pilot Usability Study
Authors: Beerten Simon Gabriël , Proesmans Tine , Vaes Bert
Published: April 2021

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for stroke. The current opportunistic screening procedure consists of pulse palpation and an electrocardiogram when an irregular rhythm is found. Smartphone apps that measure heart rhythm could be useful in increasing the detection of AF in a primary care setting.

Objective

We conducted a pilot study with the smartphone app FibriCheck to assess whether the introduction of such an app is feasible.

Methods

Four general practices across Flanders provided patient data for the study. Inclusion criteria for participants were aged 65 or older and a CHARGE-AF score of at least 10%. We excluded patients with known AF or a pacemaker. Participants were asked to measure at least twice a day with FibriCheck (for at least 14 days). They were provided the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire both before and after the study, as well as different surveys concerning their user experience and general perception of technology.

Results

There were 92 participants (36 women and 56 men). The study population was relatively homogenous concerning risk factors and medication use at baseline. During the study period, 5/86 (6%) participants were found to have AF (6 dropouts). The average study period was 23 days and the average number of measurements per day was 2.1. Patient compliance was variable, but high. On the whole, there were no appreciable changes in quality of life. The overall user experience and satisfaction were very high.

Conclusions

FibriCheck is a relatively easy-to-use smartphone app to complement AF screening in primary care. Its implementation in this setting is certainly achievable, and one can expect high rates of patient compliance. Based on these results, a planned cluster randomized trial will be going ahead.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03509493; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03509493
Impact of Digital Educational Interventions to Support Parents Caring for Acutely Ill Children at Home and Factors That Affect Their Use: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Neill Sarah , Bayes Natasha , Blair Mitch , Blewitt Jane , Bray Lucy , Carrol Enitan D , Carter Bernie , Dawson Rob , Dimitri Paul , Lakhanpaul Monica , Roland Damian , Tavare Alison , Meinert Edward ,   ASK SNIFF Consortium
Published: April 2021

Background

Urgent and emergency care health services are overburdened, and the use of these services by acutely ill infants and children is increasing. A large proportion of these visits could be sufficiently addressed by other health care professionals. Uncertainty about the severity of a child’s symptoms is one of many factors that play a role in parents’ decisions to take their children to emergency services, demonstrating the need for improved support for health literacy. Digital interventions are a potential tool to improve parents’ knowledge, confidence, and self-efficacy at managing acute childhood illness. However, existing systematic reviews related to this topic need to be updated and expanded to provide a contemporary review of the impact, usability, and limitations of these solutions.

Objective

The purpose of this systematic review protocol is to present the method for an evaluation of the impact, usability, and limitations of different types of digital educational interventions to support parents caring for acutely ill children at home.

Methods

The review will be structured using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO) frameworks. Five databases will be systematically searched for studies published in English during and after 2014: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, APA PsycNet, and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently screen references’ titles and abstracts, select studies for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria, and extract the data into a standardized form. Any disagreements will be discussed and resolved by a third reviewer if necessary. Risk of bias of all studies will be assessed using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and a descriptive analysis will be used to evaluate the outcomes reported.

Results

The systematic review will commence during 2021.

Conclusions

This systematic review will summarize the impact, usability, and limitations of digital interventions for parents with acutely ill children. It will provide an overview of the field; identify reported impacts on health and behavioral outcomes as well as parental knowledge, satisfaction, and decision making; and identify the factors that affect use to help inform the development of more effective and sustainable interventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/27504
Pool Testing as a Strategy for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Outbreaks in Schools: Protocol for a Feasibility Study
Authors: Sweeney-Reed Catherine M , Wolff Doreen , Niggel Jakob , Kabesch Michael , Apfelbacher Christian
Published: April 2021

Background

School closures are a widely implemented strategy for limiting infection spread in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The negative impact of school closures on children and young people is increasingly apparent, however.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the feasibility of an infection monitoring program in schools to enable targeted quarantining to replace school closures. The program is currently being implemented in two model schools in Magdeburg, Germany, within the framework of the Study of Coronavirus Outbreak Prevention in Magdeburg Schools (Studie zur Ausbruchsvermeidung von Corona an Magdeburger Schulen [STACAMA]).

Methods

Five pupils per class are pseudorandomly selected twice a week and asked to provide a gargle sample over a 16-week evaluation period. RNA is extracted from each sample individually in a laboratory and pooled according to school class for real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) analysis. Immediate individual sample testing will be carried out in the case of a positive pool test. Individual RNA extraction prior to pooling and application of rRT-PCR result in high test sensitivity. Testing will be performed in strict adherence to data protection standards. All participating pupils will receive a 16-digit study code, which they will be able to use to access their test

Results

When the study commenced on December 2, 2020, 520 (52%) pupils and their families or guardians had consented to study participation. The study was suspended after four test rounds due to renewed school closures resulting from rising regional infection incidence. Testing resumed when schools reopened on March 8, 2021, at which time consent to participation was provided for 54% of pupils. We will quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the logistics and acceptability of the program.

Conclusions

The findings from this study should inform the design of infection surveillance programs in schools based on gargle samples and a PCR-based pool testing procedure, enabling the identification of aspects that may require adaptation before large-scale implementation. Our focus on each step of the logistics and on the experiences of families should enable a robust assessment of the feasibility of such an approach.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/28673
Community and Campus COVID-19 Risk Uncertainty Under University Reopening Scenarios: Model-Based Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Benneyan James , Gehrke Christopher , Ilies Iulian , Nehls Nicole
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Significant uncertainty has existed about the safety of reopening college and university campuses before the COVID-19 pandemic is better controlled. Moreover, little is known about the effects that on-campus students may have on local higher-risk communities.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to estimate the range of potential community and campus COVID-19 exposures, infections, and mortality under various university reopening plans and uncertainties.

METHODS

We developed campus-only, community-only, and campus × community epidemic differential equations and agent-based models, with inputs estimated via published and grey literature, expert opinion, and parameter search algorithms. Campus opening plans (spanning fully open, hybrid, and fully virtual approaches) were identified from websites and publications. Additional student and community exposures, infections, and mortality over 16-week semesters were estimated under each scenario, with 10% trimmed medians, standard deviations, and probability intervals computed to omit extreme outliers. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to inform potential effective interventions.

RESULTS

Predicted 16-week campus and additional community exposures, infections, and mortality for the base case with no precautions (or negligible compliance) varied significantly from their medians (4- to 10-fold). Over 5% of on-campus students were infected after a mean of 76 (SD 17) days, with the greatest increase (first inflection point) occurring on average on day 84 (SD 10.2 days) of the semester and with total additional community exposures, infections, and mortality ranging from 1-187, 13-820, and 1-21 per 10,000 residents, respectively. Reopening precautions reduced infections by 24%-26% and mortality by 36%-50% in both populations. Beyond campus and community reproductive numbers, sensitivity analysis indicated no dominant factors that interventions could primarily target to reduce the magnitude and variability in outcomes, suggesting the importance of comprehensive public health measures and surveillance.

CONCLUSIONS

Community and campus COVID-19 exposures, infections, and mortality resulting from reopening campuses are highly unpredictable regardless of precautions. Public health implications include the need for effective surveillance and flexible campus operations.
A Deep Neural Network for Estimating Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol From Electronic Health Records: Real-Time Routine Clinical Application (Preprint)
Authors: Hwang Sangwon , Gwon Chanwoo , Seo Dong Min , Cho Jooyoung , Kim Jang-Young , Uh Young
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Previously, we constructed a deep neural network (DNN) model to estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

OBJECTIVE

To routinely provide estimated LDL-C levels, we applied the aforementioned DNN model to an electronic health record (EHR) system in real time (deep LDL-EHR).

METHODS

The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (WSCH) datasets were used as training and testing datasets, respectively. We measured our proposed model’s performance by using 5 indices, including bias, root mean-square error, P10-P30, concordance, and correlation coefficient. For transfer learning (TL), we pretrained the DNN model using a training dataset and fine-tuned it using 30% of the testing dataset.

RESULTS

Based on 5 accuracy criteria, deep LDL-EHR generated inaccurate results compared with other methods for LDL-C estimation. By comparing the training and testing datasets, we found an overfitting problem. We then revised the DNN model using the TL algorithms and randomly selected subdata from the WSCH dataset. Therefore, the revised model (DNN+TL) exhibited the best performance among all methods.

CONCLUSIONS

Our DNN+TL is expected to be suitable for routine real-time clinical application for LDL-C estimation in a clinical laboratory.

CLINICALTRIAL
A pre and post COVID-19 global assessment of telehealth use within the respite care industry: A quantitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Madisetti Mohan , Newman Jill C , Butcher Melissa C , Pittman Mary C , Qanungo Suparna , Kelechi Teresa J
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Deemed as non-essential businesses that were subject to disrupted services during the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent of the use of telehealth within the global respite care industry to provide for continuity of community care is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess global pre and post-onset COVID-19 telehealth use among respite care providers (RCPs) and to explore adult day care (ADC) provider attitudes and opinions toward the provision of educational services via telehealth to caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD).

METHODS

An online global survey was purposefully developed and electronically disseminated among 2,817 RCPs. Response data were grouped by ADC-ADRD and ‘Other’ respite care facility type and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a thematic framework analysis for open-ended responses. Fisher’s Exact, Chi-square, or McNemar tests with logistic regression were used as appropriate for statistical analyses. Data were collected between September 1st to October 14th, 2020.

RESULTS

Sixty-four RCPs responded to the survey, representing 5 countries across 3 continents. 32.8% (21/64) of respondents were ADC-ADRD providers and 67.2% (43/64) provided ‘Other’ types of respite care. Comparative pre/post-onset COVID-19 data evidence a significant increase in both the technological capacity and use of telehealth among all provider types (P <.001). Among ADC-ADRD providers, 71.4% expressed interested in exploring the use of telehealth to provide educational caregiver programming and 60% of those expressing no interest would change their decision if these services were reimbursable. Perceived barriers to telehealth adoption included: low clientele computer literacy (65.1%), lack of clientele internet access (63.5%), and lack of clientele interest and uptake (60.3%). Confidence in adoption was high among ADC-ADRD providers (76.2%). 85.7% of ADC-ADRD opined that telehealth would have a ‘significant’ or ‘profound’ impact in the delivery of educational support services to caregivers in the next 10 years.

CONCLUSIONS

There has been an increased use of telehealth within the respite care industry since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. While perceived barriers to adoption exist, there is strong interest in exploring the long-term use of this type of technology to deliver educational support services to caregivers among all provider types, including ADC-ADRD providers. With an increasingly aging global population, culturally relevant and evidence-based curricula to support provider use and interest in telehealth should be a priority focus area for international funding agencies and researchers. In non-government funded respite care delivery systems, ADC-ADRD provider reimbursement may encourage provider investment in telehealth technology and expand remote access to specialized caregiver educational support services.
Questioning the Yelp Effect: Mixed Methods Analysis of Web-Based Reviews of Urgent Cares (Preprint)
Authors: Hu Dian , Liu Cindy Meng-Hsin , Hamdy Rana , Cziner Michael , Fung Melody , Dobbs Samuel , Rogers Laura , Turner Monique Mitchell , Broniatowski David André
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Providers of on-demand care, such as those in urgent care centers, may prescribe antibiotics unnecessarily because they fear receiving negative reviews on web-based platforms from unsatisfied patients—the so-called Yelp effect. This effect is hypothesized to be a significant driver of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, which exacerbates antibiotic resistance.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency with which patients left negative reviews on web-based platforms after they expected to receive antibiotics in an urgent care setting but did not.

METHODS

We obtained a list of 8662 urgent care facilities from the Yelp application programming interface. By using this list, we automatically collected 481,825 web-based reviews from Google Maps between January 21 and February 10, 2019. We used machine learning algorithms to summarize the contents of these reviews. Additionally, 200 randomly sampled reviews were analyzed by 4 annotators to verify the types of messages present and whether they were consistent with the Yelp effect.

RESULTS

We collected 481,825 reviews, of which 1696 (95% CI 1240-2152) exhibited the Yelp effect. Negative reviews primarily identified operations issues regarding wait times, rude staff, billing, and communication.

CONCLUSIONS

Urgent care patients rarely express expectations for antibiotics in negative web-based reviews. Thus, our findings do not support an association between a lack of antibiotic prescriptions and negative web-based reviews. Rather, patients’ dissatisfaction with urgent care was most strongly linked to operations issues that were not related to the clinical management plan.
Correction: System Architecture for "Support Through Mobile Messaging and Digital Health Technology for Diabetes" (SuMMiT-D): Design and Performance in Pilot and Randomized Controlled Feasibility Studies (Preprint)
Authors: Chi Yuan , Velardo Carmelo , Allen Julie , Robinson Stephanie , Riga Evgenia , Judge David , Tarassenko Lionel , Farmer Andrew J
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

REMOVE
Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Dialysis-Related Symptoms in Individuals Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Hargrove Nicholas , El Tobgy Nada , Zhou Olivia , Pinder Mark , Plant Brittany , Askin Nicole , Bieber Laura , Collister David , Whitlock Reid , Tangri Navdeep , Bohm Clara
Published: April 2021

Background

Hemodialysis is associated with a high symptom burden that impairs health-related quality of life and functional status. Effective symptom management is a priority for individuals receiving hemodialysis. Aerobic exercise may be an effective, nonpharmacologic treatment for specific hemodialysis-related symptoms. This systematic review investigated the effect of aerobic exercise on hemodialysis-related symptoms in adults with kidney failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, PEDro, and Scopus databases from 1960 or inception until April 15, 2020 for randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of aerobic exercise on hemodialysis-related symptoms, identified as prespecified primary or secondary outcomes, as compared with controls in adults on maintenance hemodialysis. We identified restless legs syndrome as the primary outcome.

Results

Of 3048 studies identified, 15 randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria. These studies investigated the effect of aerobic exercise on restless legs syndrome (two studies), sleep disturbance (four studies), anxiety (four studies), depression (nine studies), muscle cramping (one study), and fatigue (one study). Exercise interventions were intradialytic in ten studies and outside of hemodialysis in five studies. Heterogenous interventions and outcomes and moderate to high risk of bias precluded meta-analysis for most symptoms. Aerobic exercise demonstrated improvement in symptoms of restless legs syndrome, muscle cramping, and fatigue, as compared with nonexercise controls. Meta-analysis of depressive symptoms in studies using the Beck Depression Inventory demonstrated a greater reduction in Beck Depression Inventory score with exercise as compared with control (mean difference −7.57; 95% confidence interval, −8.25 to −6.89).

Conclusions

Our review suggests that in adults on maintenance hemodialysis, aerobic exercise improves several hemodialysis-related symptoms, including restless legs syndrome, symptoms of depression, muscle cramping, and fatigue. However, the use of validated outcome measures with demonstrated reliability and responsiveness in more diverse hemodialysis populations is required to fully characterize the effect of this intervention.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

PROSPERO #CRD42017056658
On Estimation of Maximum Errors for Inclinometric Systems with Fluxgate and Accelerometric Sensors
Authors: Milovzorov D. G.
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы построения инклинометрических систем с феррозондовыми и акселерометрическими датчиками, приводится структура инклинометрической системы и фотографии блоков двухосевых акселерометрических датчиков и трехкомпонентного феррозондового магнитометра. Рассматривается методика математического моделирования инклинометрических систем, основанная на формировании векторно-матричных уравнений и получении систем скалярных уравнений связи измеряемых проекций векторов ускорения свободного падения и индукции геомагнитного поля на оси чувствительности феррозондов и акселерометров. Приводятся базовые математические модели инклинометрических систем, позволяющие однозначное определение искомых угловых параметров пространственной ориентации по измеряемым сигналам с феррозондов и акселерометров. Получены общие аналитические выражения погрешностей измерений и выполнена оценка их предельных значений, позволяющая сформулировать требования к точности измеряемых сигналов в зависимости от предъявляемых требований в целом к метрологическим характеристикам инклинометрических систем. На основе анализа предельных значений погрешностей определения зенитного и визирного углов показана их зависимость от параметра наклона корпуса инклинометрической системы и от конкретных значений погрешностей измерений информационных сигналов с акселерометров. На основе анализа предельных значений погрешностей определения азимута показана их зависимость от угла магнитного наклонения и от конкретных значений погрешностей измерений информационных сигналов с феррозондов. Приведены графики зависимостей предельных значений погрешностей определения искомых углов.
Teknik Reframing untuk mengurangi pemikiran negatif pada wanita depresi dengan gejala psikotik
Authors: Refanthira Niken
Published: April 2021

Individuals who experience depression generally have negative thoughts. The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of reframing to reduce negative thoughts in depression sufferers with psychotic symptoms. This research uses a qualitative case study approach with one subject. The instruments used were interviews, observations, the Beck Depression Inventory scale, World Health Organization: Disability Assessment Schedule scale, and the Standard Progressive Matrixes test. The treatment given to the subject is cognitive therapy with reframing techniques by changing the way the subject perceives the problem. The intervention was carried out with several stages with results showing that reframing was able to reframe wrong thinking and could be applied to individuals who had below-average intelligence through family assistance and a high desire to recover.
Bildprogramm der Meleager-Platte aus dem Seuso-Schatz
Authors: Gesztelyi Tamás
Published: April 2021

There are eight distinct love stories on the Meleager plate of the Seuso treasure. In four of them hunting plays an important role. The main theme of the depicted stories is allprevailing love, the emotion that is the motivating force in human life. An ancillary theme of the stories is hunting, which can be interpreted in a concrete as well as a figurative sense. Hunting is an aristocratic pleasure but at the same time it represents the exercise of virtues, too, in which even females can participate, cf. the scenes with Helene and Atalante. Although there is no need to look for a topical event to feature the motif of love, it is tempting to determine the contemporary function of the treasure as a wedding gift. We are inclined to believe that Seuso, the well-off owner of the treasure, must have been given this unique silver tableware as a wedding gift some time around the beginning of the 5th century.
Haut des Satyrs: Marsyas und Apollo
Authors: Darab Ágnes
Published: April 2021

The essay proceeds from the observation that out of the surviving literature of antiquity only one poet, Ovid pays significant attention to the tragic fate of Marsyas. Both the Fasti and the Metamorphoses relate the tale. The narrative in Metamorphoses only focuses on the naturalistic description of the punishment, the flaying of Marsyas. The interpretation of this account within even wider contexts leads to the proposition that Marsyas’s tale is the self-reflection of the elegiac poet Ovid, and as such it becomes a key narrative within Metamorphoses.
Municipal Scaevolas and Ulpians?
Authors: Illés Imre Áron
Published: April 2021

Modern scholars usually examine what the municipal charters tell us about the local administration, the legal processes etc. They are annoyed whenever the texts – using only references or ambiguous terminology – do not explain something that is not known to us. It is much rarer for them to examine whether the average inhabitant of a city was able to understand the legal topics which are obscure even for modern jurists. In this paper I try to map the knowledge necessary to understand and apply the municipal charters.
Notices épigraphiques et onomastiques (Dacie romaine) (I)
Authors: Dana Dan
Published: April 2021

This paper republishes 12 Greek and Latin inscriptions from Roman Dacia, in most cases with illustrations. Previous readings are improved and more ghost-names are removed. These inscribed monuments and objects (some of them, in the category of instrumentum inscriptum) are explained in their series or contexts, pertaining to the military milieu or the cosmopolitan side of the province.
EXPERIENCE IN MEDICAL SUPPORT OF SHIPS AND UNITS OF FOREIGN ARMIES DURING THE NEW CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Kryukov E. V. , Shulenin K. S. , Cherkashin D. V. , Fisun A. Ya. , Mavrenkov E. M. , Kutelev G. G. , Chibiryakova E. O.
Published: April 2021

The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) threatened the combat readiness of the Armed Forces (AF) and required the urgent development and implementation of its own measures to limit the spread of the disease. Wide-spread principles to combat this disease, including social distancing, isolation of patients and quarantine of contact persons, are difficult to comply with Navy service. Given the features of habitability, autonomy and distance from the main locations, the experience gained and the measures taken during the outbreak of COVID-19 on the US Navy nuclear aircraft carrier «Theodore Roosevelt» are of great interest. It was important that at the time of diagnosis COVID-19 77% of crew members had no signs of disease, and 43% of them remained completely asymptomatic. The incidence among officers was significantly less than in ordinary and sergeant personnel. None of the officers were hospitalized. People of the white race predominated among the diseased and hospitalized (42,7 per cent and 30,4 per cent, respectively), as well as those associated with reactor operation, weapons and support personnel (27,9 per cent in total). At the same time, those servicemen who strictly followed non-specific preventive measures had a reliably lower infection rate.
Daño neurológico secundario a malposición de catéter venoso central percutáneo en plexos paravertebrales
Authors: Ubilla-Badilla Nicksa Alibeck , Montaña-Gutiérrez Manuel , Vargas-Mijalic Paulina
Published: April 2021

Introducción y objetivo: Las complicaciones asociadas a la instalación de catéteres venosos centrales de inserción percutánea (PICC) son poco frecuentes y en ocasiones mortales. En el estudio, se describe el caso de un recién nacido prematuro que desarrolló daño neurológico secundario a la malposición de un PICC en plexos paravertebrales.
Identificar el mecanismo etiológico de la malposición de un PICC.
Metodología: Los datos del caso se recabaron del Hospital Clínico Magallanes, respetando la confidencialidad.
El manejo del caso se contrarresta con la evidencia encontrada en buscadores como National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine y Scientific Electronic Library Online.
Discusión: Las complicaciones asociadas a la malposición son infrecuentes en la literatura, sin embargo, se reportó el fallecimiento de un infante que previo a su muerte presentó síntomas neurológicos e inespecíficos.  
Informe final y conclusiones: La malposición del PICC se asocia principalmente a la anatomía venosa de la extremidad inferior izquierda, esto propicia la malposición del catéter en plexos paravertebrales. He aquí la importancia como profesionales realizar una supervisión, control, pesquisa y derivación oportuna de cualquier signo de alteración en cada uno de nuestros pacientes.
Percepción de pacientes y enfermeras tratantes de Cuba sobre el autocuidado de mujeres mastectomizadas
Authors: Martín-Hernández Magny , Torres-Esperón Julia Marcela , Mora Pérez Yuliet , Enriquez-González Carilaudy , Sánchez-Rodríguez José Rolando
Published: April 2021

Introducción: El cáncer de mama es muy frecuente en mujeres y su tratamiento puede llegar a ser muy invasivos, como lo es, la mastectomía.
Objetivo: explorar vivencias y percepciones de pacientes mastectomizadas y enfermeras tratantes, sobre cómo mejorar el autocuidado post cirugía.
Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico, al considerar los planteamientos de Schütz. Se ejecutó en Hospital Oncológico Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau, Villa Clara, Cuba en el año 2018. La colecta de datos fue por entrevista grupal focalizada con diez pacientes mastectomizadas y doce enfermeras asistenciales del servicio de cirugía oncológica. Las participantes se seleccionaron mediante muestreo de tipo homogéneo. La característica de elección de pacientes fue, haber recibido mastectomía y la de enfermeras, que fueran del servicio de cirugía oncológica, con más cinco de años de experiencia laboral.
Resultados: de las pacientes surge la categoría: necesidad de información para su autocuidado, con dos subcategorías: material impreso con información e informaciones necesarias para el autocuidado de cirugía de mama. Desde las enfermeras emergió la categoría: preparación del personal de enfermería para orientar sobre el autocuidado de mujeres matectomizadas.
Conclusiones: el estudio identificó necesidad de tecnología educativa para el autocuidado de mujeres mastectomizadas, que fuera de fácil acceso, comprensible desde la construcción de las participantes, además de contener sugerencias necesarias para prevenir complicaciones. Las enfermeras perciben que su preparación científica, es esencial para entregar orientaciones sobre autocuidado.
The laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia in female children in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Risteski Toni
Published: April 2021

Introduction/Objective. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in children is a minimally invasive method, and with its safety, feasibility, and excellent cosmesis is an acceptable alternative to open repair. Methods. This is a prospective clinical study, with national data of 49 female children aged 1?14 years, treated via laparoscopic approach. Operative time, time to verticalization (normal position in bed, standing/ walking), hospital stay, nausea, pain, and cosmetic effects (size and visibility of the mark) were elaborated. Results. The results revealed that five (10.2%) children had a family history of inguinal hernia. A total of 29 (59.2%) children had hernia located on the right side, 19 (38.8%) on the left side, and one (2%) on both sides. The average diameter of the inguinal opening was 3 ? 2.17 cm. Sixteen children (32.7%) had hidden hernia. The average operation time of the unilateral intervention was 29.5 ? 6.8 minutes, and for bilateral hernias it was 43.6 ? 7.2 minutes. The average length of hospitalization was 14.1 ? 3.1 hours, and the time needed for a full return to a normal position in bed was 2.6 ? 0.6 hours. The average length of the scar in both the right and the left groin region was 2.2 ? 0.4 mm. A total of 46 (93.9%) parents/guardians were satisfied by the esthetic result, while three (6.1%) had no particular opinion regarding this question. Conclusion. The introduction of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of inguinal hernia is a promising method, which plays an important role as an alternative surgical technique because of the minimal invasiveness of the technique and improved recovery of the children.
Seeing with a single scale is always unbelieving from magic to two-scale fractal
Authors: He Ji-Huan
Published: April 2021

A same phenomenon can lead to debating laws when observed on different
scales, two-scale observation is needed for a discontinuous problem, the
large scale matches with the continuum assumption, while the smaller one is
to reveal the discontinuous properties. The basic properties of two-scale
fractal are discussed in a layman way.
Hybrid artificial intelligence model for prediction of heating energy use
Authors: Sretenovic Aleksandra , Jovanovic Radisa , Novakovic Vojislav , Nord Natasa , Zivkovic Branislav
Published: April 2021

Currently, in the building sector there is an increase in energy use due to the increased demand for indoor thermal comfort. Proper energy planning based on a real measurement data is a necessity. In this study, we developed and evaluated hybrid artificial intelligence models for the prediction of the daily heating energy use. Building energy use is defined by significant number of influencing factors, while many of them are difficult to adequately quantify. For heating energy use modelling, the complex relationship between the input and output variables is hard to define. The main idea of this paper was to divide the heat demand prediction problem into the linear and the non-linear part (residuals) by using different statistical methods for the prediction. The expectations were that the joint hybrid model, could outperform the individual predictors. Multiple linear regression was selected for the linear modelling, while the non-linear part was predicted using feedforward and radial basis neural networks. The hybrid model prediction consisted of the sum of the outputs of the linear and the non-linear model. The results showed that both hybrid models achieved better results than each of the individual feedforward and radial basis neural networks and multiple linear regression on the same dataset. It was shown that this hybrid approach improved the accuracy of artificial intelligence models.
CFO Overconfidence and Cost Behavior
Authors: Chen Clara Xiaoling , Nasev Julia , Wu Steve Yu-Ching
Published: April 2021

Using a large sample of U.S. firms, we provide evidence of the effect of CFO overconfidence on firms' resource adjustment decisions. After controlling for CEO overconfidence, we find CFO overconfidence is positively associated with cost stickiness. We also find that CFO power relative to the CEO increases the positive association between CFO overconfidence and cost stickiness. Our study contributes to our understanding of the important role of CFOs in operational decisions such as resource adjustment decisions. We also extend the literature on cost behavior by highlighting managerial characteristics as an important determinant of resource adjustment decisions. Our study has important practical implications. Unlike resource adjustment decisions driven by agency problems or other incentive-related issues, such decisions driven by managerial overconfidence cannot be addressed with incentive contract designs. Promising ways to mitigate overconfidence-driven resource adjustment decisions include making overconfident managers aware of their potential behavioral biases and challenging their expectations.
Volumetric cone-beam computed tomography evaluation and risk factor analysis of external apical root resorption with clear aligner therapy
Authors: Liu Wei , Shao Juhua , Li Shufang , Al-balaa Maher , Xia Lulu , Li Hanyue , Hua Xianming
Published: April 2021

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence and severity of external apical root resorption (EARR) volumetrically with clear aligner therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as determine the possible risk factors and develop a prediction model for EARR.

Materials and Methods

In this retrospective study, 320 incisors from 40 Class II patients treated with aligners (Invisalign) were included in this study. CBCT images were obtained at pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). Root volume was calculated by three-dimensional reconstruction of CBCT images, and apical tooth movement was measured from superimposed CBCT images. Changes in root volume were compared using paired t-tests, and the relationship between root volume loss and potential risk factors was analyzed by multiple linear regression.

Results

All of the measured incisors showed root volume loss, with an average of 11.48 ± 6.70 mm3, and the prevalence of severe resorption was 0.625%. The prediction model for EARR included variables of posttreatment sagittal root position (SRP), extraction, tooth type, and apical intrusion and extrusion displacements, with an R2 of 0.51. Age, sex, duration, pretreatment SRP, attachment, advancement, and retraction movements were excluded from the model.

Conclusions

Most incisors showed mild to moderate resorption during aligner treatment; only a minimal percentage showed severe resorption. Posttreatment SRP (which showed the highest association with EARR), extraction, tooth type, and apical intrusion and extrusion displacements were risk factors for EARR.
Associations Between Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Utero and Daily Energy Intake, Brain Responses to Food Cues, and Adiposity in Children
Authors: Luo Shan , Angelo Brendan C. , Chow Ting , Monterosso John R. , Thompson Paul M. , Xiang Anny H. , Page Kathleen A.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or maternal obesity in utero have an increased propensity to develop obesity. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We aimed to examine relationships between exposure to GDM or maternal obesity and daily energy intake (EI), brain responses to food cues within reward regions, and adiposity in children.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Participants were 159 children ages 7–11 years. Repeated 24-h recalls were conducted to assess mean daily EI. A subset of children (n = 102) completed a food cue task in the MRI scanner. A priori regions of interest included the orbital frontal cortex (OFC), insula, amygdala, ventral striatum, and dorsal striatum. Adiposity measurements, BMI z-scores, percent body fat, waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were assessed.

RESULTS

Exposure to GDM was associated with greater daily EI, and children exposed to GDM diagnosed before 26 weeks gestation had greater OFC food cue reactivity. Children exposed to GDM also had larger WHR. Results remained significant after adjusting for child’s age and sex, maternal education and race/ethnicity, maternal prepregnancy BMI, and child’s physical activity levels. Furthermore, children who consumed more daily calories had greater WHR, and the relationship between GDM exposure and WHR was attenuated after adjustment for daily EI. Prepregnancy BMI was not significantly related to daily EI or food cue reactivity in reward regions. However, prepregnancy BMI was significantly related to all adiposity measurements; results remained significant for BMI z-scores, WtHR, and WHR after controlling for child’s age and sex, maternal education and race/ethnicity, maternal GDM exposure, and child’s physical activity levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Exposure to GDM in utero, in particular before 26 weeks gestation, is associated with increased EI, enhanced OFC food cue reactivity, and increased WHR. Future study with longitudinal follow-up is merited to assess potential pathways of daily EI and food cue reactivity in reward regions on the associations between GDM exposure and childhood adiposity.
Cardiac Arrest Upon Induction of General Anesthesia
Authors: Dowdy Regina A. E. , Mansour Shadee. T. , Cottle James H. , Mabe Hannah R. , Weprin Harry B. , Yarborough Leigh E. , Ness Gregory M. , Jacobs Todd M. , Cornelius Bryant W.
Published: April 2021

There are numerous causes of cardiac arrest in the perioperative period, including hypoxia, hypovolemia, and vagal response to medications or procedures during routine anesthetics. Initiation of adequate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, administration of epinephrine, and application of a defibrillator, with shocking when applicable, are all essential steps in achieving return of spontaneous circulation. Knowledge and utilization of monitoring equipment can alert the provider to problems leading to cardiac arrest as well as ensure proper resuscitative efforts during the event. Polypharmacy is quite common with many of today's special needs patients. It is important to understand the medications they are taking as well as the potential interactions that may occur with drugs given during sedation and general anesthesia. The following is a case report of cardiac arrest including asystole and pulseless electrical activity in a 27-year-old man with autism and behavioral problems who presented for restorative dentistry under general anesthesia in the ambulatory surgery setting.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR IPA
Authors: Yasmini I Gusti Ketut
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari diadakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi belajar IPA siswa kelas IV semester I di SD N 3 Banyuasri Kecamatan Buleleng Kabupaten Buleleng tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV semester I SD N 3 Banyuasri tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah keseluruhan 17 siswa. Adapun objek penelitian ini adalah motivasi belajar IPA siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data motivasi belajar IPA siswa adalah metode kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Indikator keberhasilan pelaksanaan ini, berpedoman pada kriteria: rata-rata motivasi belajar IPA siswa minimal pada kategori tinggi, dan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 85%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah didapatkan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar IPA siswa Siswa Kelas IV Semester I di SD N 3 Banyuasri Kecamatan Buleleng Kabupaten Buleleng Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Hal tersebut terlihat dari rata-rata yang didapat pada siklus I sebesar 106,82 dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 120,29. Sedangkan ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 82,35% dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 100%.
PHENOLOGICAL CYCLE AND DIURNAL VARIATION EFFECTS ON THE VOLATILE OIL CHARACTERISTICS OF SAGE (Salvia officinalis L.)
Authors: SOLTANBEİGİ Amir , SAMADPOURRIGANI Elanz
Published: April 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of phenological and diurnal variation on volatile oil content and quality of Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) cultivated in Afyonkarahisar/Turkey. The harvesting times based on ontogeny were the pre-flowering, flowering and post-flowering stages. The harvesting took place three times a day, at 6:00 a.m., 2:00 and 8:00 p.m. The results showed that the highest volatile oil was obtained at 8:00 p.m. of the flowering stage (2.05%). In general, the best harvesting time was the flowering stage and the last hours of the day. The synthesis of volatile oil was almost the same at other phenological stages. The amount of volatile oil increased at the sunset time of the day in all studied stages. Among the identified of S. officinalis volatile oil compounds, oxygenated monoterpenes were the largest chemical group (52.8-68.6%). α-Thujone (13.0-35.8%) was the major compound of the most samples. The highest and lowest values of this compound were observed in the post-flowering and flowering stages, respectively. The other main compounds were camphor (7.0-20.2%), 1,8-cineole (6.9-14.1%), borneol (2.8-15.8%) and veridiflorol (4.5-12.3%). The effects of climatic factors such as day length, insolation, temperature and plant growth stage affected the quantity and quality of volatile oil content of S. officinalis. The results showed that the best harvesting time for S. officinalis for volatile oil content is 8:00 p.m. at the flowering stage in Afyonkarahisar climatic conditions. The volatile oil compositions of the plant varied widely at different harvest times (ontogeny and diurnal).
Incertidumbre en la gestión de capital humano ante la contingencia covid-19 en la industria automotriz del estado de Guanajuato, México
Authors: Zárate Negrete Laura Elena , Sánchez Ramos Ma. Eugenia
Published: April 2021

Tanto en México como en el mundo la pandemia de covid-19 ha cambiado considerablemente el desarrollo de la industria y, con ello, la gestión del capital humano. Guanajuato no es la excepción, por lo que en este trabajo se dan a conocer las estrategias que los ejecutivos del capital humano en empresas del sector automotor de ese estado han aplicado para implementar el trabajo en casa y cambiar el imaginario del trabajador. El objetivo es conocer los principales efectos y estrategias aplicadas durante la contingencia por covid-19 en la gestión de capital humano en empresas del referido sector de dicha entidad. La investigación fue cualitativa, con alcance descriptivo y diseño no experimental. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a ejecutivos de capital humano de la industria automotriz privada del estado de Guanajuato. En cuanto a los resultados, se puede indicar que en los entrevistados la incertidumbre fue un sentimiento recurrente que surgió con el anuncio de las medidas de confinamiento, ya que varias empresas no estaban preparadas para la crisis sanitaria. Sin embargo, y a pesar de esta situación, se mantiene un clima de optimismo para aplicar estrategias preventivas y se considera que la pandemia por covid-19 puede ofrecer una oportunidad de evolución. En definitiva, en este trabajo se muestran las estrategias que los encargados de la gestión de capital humano en varias empresas de Guanajuato implementaron para hacer frente al covid-19 y sus consecuencias durante la contingencia.