bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holocaust, Kolonialismus und NS-Imperialismus
Authors: Bajohr Frank , O’Sullivan Rachel
Published: January 2022

Seit 2020 wird in der Bundesrepublik mit wachsender Heftigkeit um die Ausrichtung der deutschen Erinnerungskultur gestritten: Ist diese zu einseitig und katechistisch auf Holocaust und Judenverfolgung im „Dritten Reich“ konzentriert und ignoriert damit beharrlich einen erweiterten Kontext von Kolonialismus, Imperialismus und Rassismus? Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht zu zeigen, dass die Dichotomien und Polemiken dieser Debatte die wissenschaftliche Forschung nahezu verdecken, die sich seit Jahrzehnten um eine angemessene Kontextualisierung der NS-Verbrechen bemüht. Einfache Kontinuitätskonstruktionen zwischen Kolonialismus und Holocaust hat die Forschung dabei mehrheitlich abgelehnt. Die nationalsozialistische Massengewalt jenseits des Holocaust sowie die NS-Okkupationspolitik in Osteuropa lohnen jedoch, unter kolonialen Prämissen näher analysiert zu werden.
Z generáció és a home office viszonya 2020-ban a COVID19 idején – Pilot kutatás eredményei
Authors: Csepregi Anikó , Csanády Bettina
Published: January 2022

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

A tanulmány fókuszában a COVID19 járvány home office-ra (HO) való hatásának vizsgálata áll, 2020. március és december közötti időszakra vonatkozóan a Z generációs munkavállalók szempontjából 3 régió tekintetében. Pilot kutatásunk célja feltárni a 1) HO alatt érzékelt teljesítménnyel kapcsolatos tényezők közötti kapcsolatot, 2) HO munkavégzéshez kapcsolódó munkavállalói előnyök és hátrányok TOP5 listájában mutatkozó eltéréseket földrajzi elhelyezkedés tekintetében, 3) munkavállalók HO-al kapcsolatos vélekedését földrajzi elhelyezkedés, végzettség és az elrendelt HO alkalmak száma alapján.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

Pilot kutatásunk alapját egy, a 2021. februárjában végzett, kérdőíves felmérés adta, amellyel 3 régió 1-1 kiválasztott megyeszékhelynél (Budapest, Pécs, Székesfehérvár) 118 Z generációs munkavállalónak, a fenti időszakra vonatkozó HO tapasztalatait vizsgáltuk. Az adatokon kereszttábla és szentimentelemzés mellett, TOP5 sorrend kialakítását és összehasonlítását is elvégeztük.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

A pilot kutatás során kapcsolat fedezhető fel a Z generációs munkavállalóknak a HO időszaka alatt érzékelt teljesítményhez köthető bizonyos tényezők között. A HO TOP5 előnyei tekintetében nem, hátrányai kapcsán viszont jelentősebb különbség látható a régiók összehasonlításában. Leginkább Székesfehérváron és Pécsett vélekednek pozitívan a HO-ról, akik érettségivel rendelkeznek, és akiknél csak egyszer rendelték el a HO-t. Negatívan a budapestiek, BSc vagy MSc végzettséggel rendelkezők és a több alkalommal HO-ban dolgozók viszonyultak a HO-hoz.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

Pilot kutatásként az eredmények hozzájárulhatnak a Z generációs munkavállalók HO alatti viselkedésének további vizsgálatához és jobb megértéséhez, azonban még korlátozottan alkalmasak messzemenő következtetések levonására. További kutatási irányként a jövőben, a minta elemszámát érdemes lenne növelni a kutatásnak más régiókra való kiterjesztésével, valamint összehasonlítani a Z generációs munkavállalókra vonatkozó eredményeket más generációkkal (pl. Y generáció).
Egy izgalmas kihívás sikeres megoldása ̶ Ötéves a belső nyelvi képzés a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen
Authors: Koltai Zoltán
Published: January 2022

A Pécsi Tudományegyetem nemzetköziesítési törekvéseivel összhangban, 2016 nyarától működik az a belső nyelvi program, melynek célja az oktató és nem-oktató munkakörben dolgozó kollégák nyelvi kompetenciáinak fejlesztése. A töretlenül sikeres képzésnek köszönhetően, az elmúlt öt évben közel 2500 kollégánk szerzett sikeresen oklevelet pécsi és vidéki helyszíneken, különböző nyelvekből, eltérő nyelvi szinteken induló csoportjainkban. A korábban jelenléti formában zajló oktatás 2020 tavaszán online módon került újra szervezésre, megőrizve ezzel a résztvevők körében népszerűségét és elismertségét. A képzési program egyben jó példát szolgáltat arra, hogy az egyetem különböző szervezeti egységei, kihasználva kölcsönös szinergiákat, képesek lehetnek eredményes összefogásra. Esettanulmányunk keretében kísérletet teszünk a képzési tervek szempontrendszere, a képzések eredményességi értékelése témakörének szakirodalmi alapjai és az általunk megismert jó gyakorlat ötvözésére, külön felhívva a figyelmet a folyamatos fejlesztési kényszerre, mely akár a felnőttképzés sajátosságaiból, az átalakuló képzési környezetből vagy a kitűzött célok módosulásából egyaránt eredeztethető.
Javaslatok a pécsi bányatörténeti emlékek iskolai keretek közötti bemutatására
Authors: Bércesi Richárd
Published: January 2022

Publikációm első felének a témája a pécsi kőszénbányászat történetének a mai ifjúsággal való kapcsolatának az elemzése, kiegészítve a bányászhagyományok helyzetével és a megőrzésükre irányuló törekvésekkel napjainkban. Ehhez kapcsolódva írásom második felében saját óraterveken keresztül teszek javaslatokat az Első Dunagőzhajózási Társaság (a továbbiakban: DGT) által a pécsi bányavidéken 1853 és 1945 között létrehozott, ma is látható emlékeknek a lehetséges bemutatására az iskolai oktatás keretei között.

Több kérdés is foglalkoztatott: Élnek még a bányászhagyományok Pécs városában, és ha igen, akkor mennyire erősek? Van törekvés a megőrzésükre, működnek ilyen célú szervezetek? Részt vesznek a munkájukban az egykori bányásziskolák és a fiatalok? Be lehet vonni a pécsi bányatörténetet az iskolai oktatásba? Ha igen, akkor csak középiskolai szinten, vagy az általános iskolákban is? Kizárólag a történelem tantárgyon keresztül valósítható meg, vagy más jellegű tanórákon is?

Vizsgálataim során a Csorba Győző Könyvtár Helytörténeti Gyűjteményének a szakirodalmát, a helyi sajtóanyagot, valamint az Oktatáskutató és Fejlesztő Intézet (OFI) által kidolgozott, az általános iskolákban és a gimnáziumokban jelenleg is hatályos nemzeti kerettanterveket tekintettem át. Ez mellett oral history alapú interjúkat is készítettem.

Összegezve arra a következtésre jutottam, hogy a DGT és a pécsi kőszénbányászat története jelenleg meglehetősen mellőzött szerepben van, a fiatalok többsége számára a vállalat neve és története jórészt ismeretlen. A még működő Bányászemlékekért Egyesület és az egykori DGT bányásziskolák részéről azonban van törekvés a hagyományok továbbéltetésére és az ifjúság bevonására.
héroe dual en el capitalismo tardío. Nuevos lenguajes del mito en v de vendetta y Mr. Robot
Authors: Requeijo Rey Paula , Aladro Vico Eva
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación analiza la presencia y características del denominado héroe dúplice o ambivalente en dos distopías críticas que abren y cierran el capitalismo tardío: el cómic V de Vendetta (1982-1988) y la serie Mr Robot (2015-2019). El héroe dúplice ya está presente en los mitos arcaicos. Sin embargo, se desdibujó para dar paso a arquetipos más delimitados. Las narraciones del capitalismo tardío, en el que han proliferado la distopía crítica y la ciencia ficción, recuperan a este héroe dúplice. Sirviéndonos de una profunda revisión bibliográfica que nos permite conectar las teorías de distintos estudiosos del mito y del análisis detallado de estas dos distopías críticas influidas por la ciencia ficción, comprobamos cómo los mitos se adaptan a las disfunciones y complicaciones de la vida actual. Mediante una crítica a las incongruencias sociales y económicas del neoliberalismo y la sociedad digital los héroes dúplices de V de Vendetta (1982-1988) y la serie Mr Robot (2015-2019) apuntan un sentido liberador en relación con el contexto actual. Ambos textos ofrecen una especie de venganza o compensación además de reflejar la confusión en los valores en el capitalismo tardío.
Charakterystyka owoców pigwowca japońskiego oraz ich zastosowanie w przemyśle spożywczym
Authors: Antoniewska Agata , Rutkowska Jarosława , Adamska Agata
Published: January 2022

Celem pracy było usystematyzowanie aktualnej wiedzy dotyczącej charakterystyki, składu chemicznego i aktywności biologicznej owoców pigwowca japońskiego (Chaenomeles japonica) oraz przydatności technologicznej owoców i nasion. Wyniki wielu badań potwierdzają właściwości prozdrowotne owoców i ekstraktu Chaenomeles japonica. Owoce pigwowca zawierają związki polifenolowe – flawan-3-ole (katechinę, epikatechinęa, oligomery procyjanidyn). Głównymi związkami fenolowymi w owocach są proantocyjanidyny wykazujące potencjalne właściwości przeciwnowotworowe. Owoce pigwowca zawierają dużo kwasów organicznych, błonnika, pektyn oraz witaminy C. Należą one do grupy owoców o małej zawartości cukrów prostych oraz o dobrych proporcjach fruktozy i glukozy. Owoce pigwowca mogą być wykorzystywane jako naturalny składnik zakwaszający. Ze względu na niskie pH (2,4 ÷ 2,9) nie nadają się do bezpośredniego spożycia. Szczególne cechy sensoryczne owoców warunkują ich szerokie zastosowanie w przemyśle spożywczym jako surowca do produkcji soków, dżemów, przecierów i owoców kandyzowanych. Ponadto są one stosowane jako dodatek do herbat, jogurtów, lemoniad, lodów, twarogu czy wyrobów cukierniczych w celu polepszenia ich właściwości sensorycznych. Z powodzeniem są wykorzystywane jako składnik przetworów wieloskładnikowych, nadając produktom atrakcyjny i oryginalny smak oraz aromat. Wartościowym surowcem odpadowym powstającym w procesie przetwarzania owoców pigwowca japońskiego są nasiona, które mogą być wykorzystywane do pozyskiwania oleju technologią tłoczenia na zimno. Olej z nasion pigwowca charakteryzuje się małą zawartością pierwotnych i wtórnych produktów utleniania oraz składem porównywalnym ze składem powszechnie stosowanych olejów roślinnych.
Selekcja bakterii z rodzaju Lactobacillus sp. wydajnych w syntezie egzopolisacharydów
Authors: Oleksy Magdalena , Klewicka Elżbieta
Published: January 2022

Egzopolisacharydy (EPS) bakterii z rodzaju Lactobacillus charakteryzują się korzystnymi właściwościami prozdrowotnymi, dzięki którym mogą być stosowane jako funkcjonalne składniki żywności. Ich wykorzystanie na skalę przemysłową jest jednak utrudnione ze względu na wysoki koszt oraz niską wydajność produkcji. Odpowiedni dobór szczepów wydajnych w syntezie EPS może znacznie zwiększyć szansę ich wykorzystania w technologii żywności. Celem pracy była selekcja szczepów bakterii z rodzaju Lactobacillus zdolnych do wydajnej syntezy egzopolisacharydów zarówno w formie śluzu, jak i otoczek polisacharydowych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz makro- i mikroskopowych spośród 58 szczepów wytypowano trzy szczepy z gatunku Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ŁOCK 0943, ŁOCK 0935 oraz OM-1) o najkorzystniejszych cechach wpływających na właściwości reologiczne podłoża hodowlanego. W pracy wykazano, że szczepy te mogą stanowić wydajne narzędzie w produkcji bakteryjnych egzpolisacharydów. Badane bakterie syntetyzują EPS w ilości 68 ÷ 137 mg/l w zależności od rodzaju źródła węgla. Zatem skład podłoża hodowlanego jest jednym z czynników determinujących wydajność syntezy EPS przez bakterie z rodzaju Lactobacillus.
Applying sprouts of selected legumes as carriers for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG – screening studies
Authors: Świeca Michał , Kordowska-Wiater Monika , Pytka Monika , Sęczyk Łukasz , Gawlik-Dziki Urszula
Published: January 2022

Probiotics and prebiotics play an important role in human and animal nutrition. Those research studies were performed to evaluate the potential of using legume sprouts as carriers for probiotic strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. They determined the effect of legume species, temperature of sprouting, and inoculation methods of seeds or growing sprouts on the survival and/or growth of probiotics. It was found that the count of bacteria in sprouts depended on the germination temperature, inoculation methods as well as on the species of legume used as a carrier. The beans examined (Adzuki and Mung) germinated effectively at a temperature between 25 ÷ 35 ºC. And the lentil sprouted most effectively at 25 ºC. In the case of soy-bean and lentil, the temperature of 35 ºC caused the germination efficiency to decrease. The growth of Lb. rhamnosus GG was reported only in the case of the lentil and soy-bean sprouts obtained from the seeds imbibed in an inoculum and germinated at 25 ºC. The count of probiotic bacteria was 3.1×106 and 7.18×106 CFU per grams of fresh mass, respectively. The sprouts obtained from the bean seeds analyzed did not provide any conditions for probiotic bacteria to survive and grow. The best carrier for the probiotic bacteria studied were the soy-bean sprouts; in their case, after inoculation of seeds and using a suspension of probiotic bacteria, the sprouts obtained at 25 ºC had the best quality parameters.
Ocena jakości handlowych mąk całoziarnowych – pszennej orkiszowej, pszennej zwyczajnej i żytniej oraz uzyskanych z nich zakwasów spontanicznych
Authors: Litwinek Dorota , Buksa Krzysztof , Gambuś Halina , Kowalczyk Magdalena , Boreczek Jakub
Published: January 2022

Celem pracy była próba wyprodukowania zakwasów spontanicznych z całoziarnowej mąki z pszenicy zwyczajnej, pszenicy orkisz oraz z mąki żytniej. W badanych mąkach oznaczono zawartość: wody, popiołu, wybranych składników mineralnych, białka ogółem, tłuszczu surowego, błonnika pokarmowego, wybranych mikotoksyn oraz fosforanów mio-inozytolu. Oznaczono ponadto kwasowość tłuszczową, kwasowość potencjalną, liczbę opadania (LO) oraz ilość glutenu i indeks glutenowy. Ze wszystkich całoziarnowych mąk sporządzono zakwasy, które kontrolowano przez 4 dni poprzez oznaczanie kwasowości czynnej (pH) i kwasowości potencjalnej. Całoziarnowe mąki z pszenicy orkisz odznaczały się większą zawartością białka, związków tłuszczowych i związków mineralnych, ale mniejszą zawartością błonnika całkowitego w porównaniu z mąkami uzyskanymi z pszenicy zwyczajnej i żyta. Wszystkie mąki całoziarnowe (z wyjątkiem orkiszowej MO1) charakteryzowały się podobną zawartością fosforanów mio-inozytolu w formie IP6 i IP2, jedynie mąka żytnia odznaczała się dodatkowo formami IP5 i IP3. W żadnej z badanych mąk pszennych nie oznaczono zawartości mikotoksyn, tj. DON i zearalenonu, z wyjątkiem mąki z pszenicy orkisz MO1, w której zidentyfikowano śladowe jego ilości. Zakwasy otrzymane z mąk całoziarnowych z pszenicy orkisz po 72 h fermentacji w temp. 30 ºC charakteryzowały się większą kwasowością w porównaniu z zakwasami z mąki z pszenicy zwyczajnej, a bardziej zbliżoną do zakwasów żytnich. Zatem wszystkie otrzymane zakwasy można stosować do produkcji chlebów ze 100-procentowej mąki całoziarnowej z żyta, pszenicy orkisz i pszenicy zwyczajnej, w miejsce stosowanego dotychczas w praktyce zakwasu żytniego.
Aktywność i stabilność termiczna diastazy występującej w podkarpackich miodach odmianowych
Authors: Wesołowska Monika , Dżugan Małgorzata
Published: January 2022

Celem pracy było porównanie aktywności diastazy w miodach odmianowych, a także ocena stabilności termicznej enzymu podczas rozpuszczania i długotrwałego przechowywania miodu. Materiał do badań stanowiło 25 miodów odmianowych pozyskanych z pasiek działających na terenie Podkarpacia, w tym wielokwiatowy, nawłociowy, rzepakowy, lipowy i spadziowy. Liczbę diastazową (DN) określono w miodach świeżych, długotrwale przechowywanych i poddanych ogrzewaniu za pomocą testu Phadebas Honey Diastase test. Najwyższą aktywność α-amylazy stwierdzono w miodach nawłociowych i lipowych (odpowiednio: 32,65 i 31,47 DN), a najniższą – w miodach rzepakowych (15,32 DN), przy czym wszystkie badane próbki spełniały limit określony w obowiązujących przepisach. Miody ciemne charakteryzowały się wyższą aktywnością diastazy, współczynnik korelacji Pearsona (r) pomiędzy barwą (mierzoną w jednostkach absorbancji przy λ = 450 nm) a liczbą diastazową miodu wyniósł 0,75. Podczas przechowywania próbek miodu w temp. 20 ± 2 ºC przez 24 miesiące obserwowano obniżenie aktywności diastazy o 17 ÷ 42 % w zależności od odmiany. Aktywność diastazy malała ze wzrostem temperatury rozpuszczalnika użytego do rozcieńczania miodu, przy czym enzym był stabilny w zakresie 20 ÷ 40 ºC, a po przekroczeniu temp. 60 ºC stwierdzono drastyczną inhibicję jego aktywności. Ponadto roztwór miodu przechowywany w temp. 20 ± 2 ºC przez 24 h nie tracił aktywności enzymatycznej. Wykazano, że stosowanie miodu do słodzenia ciepłych (poniżej 60 ºC) napojów nie powoduje całkowitej dezaktywacji diastazy.
The Yiddisher Kultur Farband in Argentina: Progressive and Communist Jews (1917–1956)
Authors: Visacovsky Nerina
Published: January 2022

Progressive and Communist Jewish identity in Argentina flourished between the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Cold War. In 1937, during the Popular Front period, Jewish Communist intellectuals organized an International Congress of Yiddish Culture in Paris. Twenty-three countries were represented, and the Congress formed the Yiddisher Kultur Farband (YKUF). In 1941, this Congress was replicated in Argentina, where the YKUF sponsored an important network of schools, clubs, theaters, socio-cultural centers, and libraries created by Yiddish-speaking Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe. The Ykufist or Progressive Jewish identity reflects a particular construction that is as ethnic as it is political. As “Jewish,” it aimed to transmit the secular heritage of the Yiddishkeit devastated in Europe during World War II, but as “progressive,” “radical” or “Communist,” it postulated its yearning for integration into a universal socialism led by the Soviet model. Progressive Jewish identity was shaped in the antifascist culture and by permanent tensions between Jewish ethnicity and the guidelines of the Communist Party. Above all, it was framed by a fervent aspiration of the immigrants and their children to integrate into their Argentine society.
Marxism and the Concept of a Social Formation: An Immanent Critique of the Views of Jairus Banaji
Authors: Burns Tony
Published: January 2022

Jairus Banaji associates the concept of a social formation (involving modal combination, or the articulation of modes of production) with “vulgar Marxism.” This includes both the Marxism of the Second International and the structuralist Marxism of Louis Althusser. Banaji is critical of those Marxists who employ the concept because in his view they are insufficiently sensitive to the complexities of history. His reasons for thinking this may be subjected to an immanent critique. Such a critique attempts to show that, given an argument's starting assumptions, a different (perhaps even the opposite) conclusion from that which is drawn by its author is possible. Applying this idea to the work of Banaji, it can be demonstrated that his rejection of the concept of a social formation is not required by his own theoretical assumptions and that endorsement of the concept is consistent with them.
COMPARISON OF WAGES IN ICT BY MAJOR CATEGORIES, THEIR RELATIONS TO GDP AND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SALARIES OF MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: Böhmová Lucie , Doucek Petr , Luc Ladislav , Nedomová Lea , Novák Richard Antonín , Radváková Věra , Sedláček Jiří , Syrovátková Jana , Nafchi Majid Ziaei
Published: January 2022

The article examines wages in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT). Based on the so-called ISPV data (adjusted for inflation), CZSO and Eurostat data, several analyses were performed. The main conclusions are: (1) The number of ICT workers grew faster, their share in total employment increased from 2.2% to 3.9%. (2) From 2008 to 2013, the overall trend in wages is declining and they have been growing significantly since 2014 (influenced by both economic growth and falling inflation). (3) Wages of ICT specialists (CZ ISCO 25) grew considerably faster than those of ICT technicians (CZ ISCO 35). 4) Wages for the entire ICT and for the CZ-ISCO 25 category grew faster than GDP. (5) The gender pay gap in the Czech Republic is among the highest among the countries surveyed, although in 2019 it decreased compared to 2008. (6) Within the Czech Republic, the differences between the salaries of men and women in ICT are smaller than for the entire economy.
NEW CHALLENGES IN INCOTERMS IN THE BACKGROUND OF THEIR HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Petrová Michaela , Krügerová Martina , Kozieł Michal
Published: January 2022

INCOTERMS conditions are internationally recognized delivery clauses. Their advantage is comprehensibility and uniform interpretation by the contracting parties, as well as easy incorporation into the contract. An undeniable advantage is the regular update. The individual updates reflect trends in international business practice and therefore clarify or repeal existing clauses or introduce new ones as needed. The aim of the article is to evaluate the development of the INCOTERMS clauses on their historical development and their impact on international commercial law relations, and through this to outline possible future developments. The authors also consider whether, given the rapid technological progress, the current ten-year cycle of revision of the INCOTERMS clauses is appropriate or whether it is too long. Among the new trends, the authors point to new types of transport, especially unmanned drones, and the continuing trend of a transparent and secure logistics chain.
TOURISM IN THE MORAVIAN KARST
Authors: Vaníček Jiří
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on sustainable tourism in the protected landscape area of the Moravian Karst. Participants in the research included municipalities, stakeholders in the field of tourism, residents, and visitors. The Moravian Karst (CHKO) is an example of a preserved landscape area that managed to combine environmental protection and tourism. Visits to caves prevail; however, visitors do not limit their activities to this type of tourist attraction. They also visit other natural as well as cultural sights. Most municipalities think that the existence of the Moravian Karst CHKO positively influences the development of tourism. They appreciate new jobs and the inflow of finance from the regional budget.
Anim(al)izacja i pedagogie Bestii. Pedagogika krytyczna w 2050 roku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Szwabowski Oskar
Published: January 2022

The text is a record that the author found during his journey into the future. It was inspired by the 2050 education conference. Using the secret techniques of non-science, he managed to penetrate a world that does not exist. The author himself does not remember much about this trip. There are only torn images and that piece of paper with a story written by someone. It is not known why this particular fragment has remained. Just as it is not known what hand wrote it. It could be the hand of the author himself. But he is not sure. In any case, he rewrote what was left, added a few footnotes. When asked about his goal, he replies that it was meant to say something at the conference. Besides, he treats this text as interventions. He took it for something. Right where he was. Or maybe even wrote/wrote down. He thinks it might be news from the future that will not come.
Evaluation of microbial community composition of dairy sewage sludge, corn silage, grass straw, and fruit waste biomass for potential use in biogas production or soil enrichment
Authors: Oszust Karolina , Frąc Magdalena
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study was to link microbial community composition and chemical properties of various biomass and their resulting digestate residues for their potential use in biogas production or soil enrichment. The order of biogas production, graded from high to low was as follows: corn silage, grass silage, fruit waste, and dairy sewage sludge. Different bacterial families were predominant in different biomass. Corn silage deteriorated as a result of long-term air exposition and may serve as an efficient feedstock substrate for anaerobic digestion. A positive role in plant biocontrol microorganisms found in grass straw residues, and reasonable biogas yield obtained from this substrate suggests the use of grass straw for biogas production and its residues to enrich the soil. Due to potential threat of introducing pathogens into the soil within fruit waste or dairy sewage sludge, or soil acidification by fruit waste repeated use in field application, this biomass should be sanitized prior to soil application. Simultaneously, low biogas yields from fruit waste and dairy sewage sludge substrates make it necessary to transform them in anaerobic digestion with more energetic co-substrates. Tested residues may deliver a robust and wide range of methanogens as inoculum for further anaerobic digestion process.
Digital Labour: Digital Capitalism and the Alienation of YouTube Content Creators
Authors: Panji Mulkillah Ahmad  , Hikami Indi , Zufar Biko Nabih Fikri , Syahfrullah Appridzani
Published: January 2022

YouTube is a digital platform that allows content creators to stream their videos in exchange for money earned through the YouTube Partner Program mechanism, motivates many people to join YouTube. However, what they do not realize is the hidden effect YouTube brings in the form of alienation experienced by YouTube content creators as digital labour. This article discusses this phenomenon of alienation experienced by digital labours. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design, it offers a narrative research strategy to examine the narrative and discourse of alienation of content creators on YouTube. The unit of analysis of the study is the content of YouTube creators as digital labour. The findings show that YouTube is mainly a vehicle used by digital capitalism for the sake of profit accumulated by exploiting content creators from the videos they make. Content creators receive disproportionate or even no financial compensation from YouTube for the videos they produce for YouTube. As a result, YouTube content creators as digital labour experienced alienation from their work, their work activities, from themselves as a human species and from other humans.
The Influence of Learning Motivation and Intellectual Intelligence on Learning Achievement in Islamic Religious Education
Authors: Widiani Desti , Istiqomah Lilik
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the influence of learning motivation and intellectual intelligence on studentsâ€™ learning achievement in PAI (Pendidikan Agama Islam/ Islamic Religious Education). This study applied a quantitative approach using survey technique. The population of this study was students of class VIII MTs (Madrasah Tsanawaiyah/ Islamic Junior High School) Muhammadiyah Gemolong and the sample was determined randomly. The data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods, validity tests, reliability tests, and multiple regression analysis. The results show that there was a significant effect of both intellectual intelligence and learning motivation on studentâ€™ learning achievement in PAI withÂ Fcount 10.013 > Ftable 0.000; significance value 2 and 2.66 with Î± = 0.05 and 0.01.
Studying Islam and Its Adherents in Australian Universities
Authors: Ali Jan A.
Published: January 2022

Islamic Studies is a relatively new, yet growing phenomenon in Australian universities. With an increased focus on Islam and Muslim in the age of War on Terror and with Australian Muslim population fast increasing, Islamic Studies is an important intellectual tool to better understand, Islam and Muslims and many challenges facing them. This paper is an investigation of the recent trends and developments in Islamic Studies as an academic discipline in Australian universities. This is an important intellectual task because Islamic Studies continues to play a significant role in Australian academia. The data were collected from literature review and are analysed descriptively. The findings of the study show that the intellectual tools developed in Islamic Studies can be deployed to build relationship between fragmented Muslim communities and between Muslims and non-Muslims particularly in multicultural Australia. Islamic Studies draws on a variety of fields making it a crossdiscipline. As such, it offer a rich and analytic investigation of worldâ€™s second largest religion and its multiple expressions. Australian universities offer Islamic studies ranging from undergraduate to postgraduate program. The topic studied include Islamic philosophy, jurisprudence, education, history, and Arabic.
Association between the type of allergen and T-helper 2 mediated inflammation in allergic reactions: a systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Nepolo Elina , Nkambule Bongani B , Dludla Phiwayinkosi V , Ndevahoma Fransina , Nyambuya Tawanda M
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To determine whether the levels of T-helper (TH) 2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5) in allergic reactions are allergen dependent and evaluate the impact of various treatment strategies on the levels of these cytokines.Methods: The PubMed search engine was used from inception until January 2021. The random-effects residual maximum likelihood model was performed, and effect sizes were estimated using the Hedge’s g statistic. All data analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 (StataCorp LP, TX, USA). Results: Fourteen studies reporting on 794 participants were included in this study. House dust mite was associated with eliciting a stronger immune response mediated by both IL-4 and IL-5 when compared to pollen. Whereas a mixture of house dust mite and pollen was associated with IL-4-weighted inflammation. Comparisons of IL-4 and IL-5 levels amongst the allergens showed significant differences. The treatment with anti-corticosteroids or allergen-specific immunotherapy was effective in normalising the TH2 responses and alleviating allergy symptoms.Conclusion: TH2-mediated inflammation in allergic reactions is allergen-dependent. Therefore, the type of allergen should be considered when using cytokine-targeting biologics in allergic reactions.
Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the control and severity of pediatric asthma
Authors: Sanchez-Garcia Silvia , Ruiz-Hornillos Javier , Bernaola-Abraira Marta , Habernau-Mena Alicia , Lasa Eva Maria , Contreras Javier , Candon-Morillo Rocio , Anton-Rodriguez Cristina , Escudero Carmelo
Published: January 2022

Background: The novel disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. Care providers of asthmatic children are increasingly con-cerned; as viral infections are one of the primary triggers of asthma flare-up. However, the effect of SARS-CoV-2 as well as the generated worldwide lockdown on asthmatic children is unknown.Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of pandemic SARS-CoV-2 in pediat-ric asthma control.Material and Methods: A retrospective, open, transversal study was performed at five tertiary hospitals. Recruited patients were aged <18 years and had physician-diagnosed asthma. Information regarding the 2019 and 2020 seasons were provided.Results: Data were collected from 107 children (age range: 3–18 years, mean age: 12 years). Well-controlled asthma was observed in 58 (54.2%) patients in 2020 versus 30 (28%) in 2019, and 15 (14%) patients had poorly controlled asthma in 2020 versus 28 (26.2%) in 2019. In 2020, a decrease in exacerbations caused by allergies to pollen, dust mites, molds, and through other causes not related to SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed. An increase in exacerbations was observed due to animal dander, stress, physical exercise, and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Children had a reduced need for asthma-controlling medication, made fewer visits to healthcare pro-viders and had lesser need of treatment with oral corticosteroids if compared with the same season of 2019.Conclusion: Pediatric asthma control improved, the need for controller medication declined, and fewer visits to healthcare providers were made during the pandemic if compared with the 2019 season.
Correlation between Interleukin 31 and clinical manifestations in children with atopic dermatitis: an observational study
Authors: Duca Emanuela , Sur Genel , Armat Ionel , Samasca Gabriel , Sur Lucia
Published: January 2022

Background: Itching is one of the major and mandatory signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. Interleukin 31 (IL-31) is strongly involved in the genesis of pruritus. In our study, 68 patients aged 0–18 years with proven AD were followed clinically. The role of IL-31 in pruritus as clinical manifestation of AD is known but its etiopathogenetic mechanism is not well known. Methods: Serum was collected from 31 patients with moderate and severe forms of AD to determine IL-31 and its correlation with activity and severity of the disease. We also studied 30 healthy patients to compare the results of determinations. The IL-31 value was determined using the sandwich enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay (two antibodies assay). The IL-31 values were expressed as picograms per milliliter (pg/mL) and compared with activity and severity of the disease. Results: The IL-31 value was much higher in patients with AD compared to the control group. The mean value of findings was 1600 pg/mL compared to the control group with an average of 220 pg/mL. The IL-31 values were positively correlated with the severity and activity of the disease. Conclusions: The results of our pediatric study established the involvement of IL-31 in the pathophysiology of AD. IL-31 could be a marker of AD track.
Türkiye’deki Üniversite Kütüphane Web Sitelerinin Web İçeriği Erişilebilirlik Kılavuzu Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şerefoğlu Henkoğlu Halise
Published: January 2022

İçinde bulunduğumuz bilgi çağında gelişen bilişim teknolojilerinin sunduğu imkânlar ile birlikte bilgi kaynaklarının büyük bir çoğunluğu elektronik ortama taşınmakta ve kütüphaneler de dijital kütüphanelere dönüşerek kullanıcılarına web ortamında hizmet sunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda kütüphane web siteleri bilgiye ve kütüphane hizmetlerine erişimde kullanıcılar için birincil iletişim noktası olmaktadır. Bu noktada, kaynaklara ve hizmetlere erişimde bir geçit görevi üstlenen web sitelerinin erişilebilirlik standartları doğrultusunda tasarlanmasının önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki üniversite kütüphane web sitelerinin Web İçeriği Erişilebilirlik Kılavuzu (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines [WCAG]) ilkeleri doğrultusunda incelenmesi ve erişilebilirliklerine ilişkin mevcut durumun ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Betimleme modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada Türkiye’de 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında aktif olarak eğitim ve öğretim faaliyetlerine devam eden 183 üniversitenin kütüphane web sitesi WAVE otomatik değerlendirme aracı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular; üniversite kütüphane web sitelerinin tamamında en az bir erişilebilirlik hatasının bulunduğunu (maksimum=123), en sık karşılaşılan erişilebilirlik hatasının “boş bağlantı” hatası olduğunu (n=160) ve web sitelerinin büyük bir çoğunluğunda (%93) en az bir öğede kontrast hatası olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte web sitelerinin %97’sinde, doğrudan hata olarak değerlendirilmeyen ancak erişilebilirliği olumsuz etkileyebilecek unsurların da bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, web sitelerinin erişilebilirliklerini olumsuz yönde etkileyen bir diğer unsurun da mobil uyumluluğa ilişkin tespit edilen hatalar olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın ülkemizde kütüphane web sitelerinin erişilebilirliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yapılacak planlamalara ve düzenlemelere katkı sağlayacağı ve aynı zamanda gelecekte konuya ilişkin yapılacak diğer çalışmalar için de örnek bir çalışma olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Dissociation Between Speech and Emotion Effects in Short-Term Memory: A Data Reanalysis.
Authors: Wiens Stefan
Published: January 2022

Performance in visual serial recall tasks is often impaired by irrelevant auditory distracters. The duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction states that if the distracters provide order cues, these interfere with the processing of the order cues in the serial recall task (interference by process). In contrast, the unitary account states that distracters capture only attention on a general level (attentional distraction) without interfering specifically withorder processing. Marsh et al. (2018, Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition, 44, 882-897) reported finding a dissociation between the effects of serial recall tasks and those of a missing-item task on the disruptive effects of speech and of emotional words, as predicted by the duplex-mechanism account. Critically, the reported analyses did not test specifically for the claimed dissociation. Therefore, I reanalyzed the Marsh et al. data and conducted the appropriate analyses. I also tested the dissociation more directly and added a Bayesian hypothesis test to measure the strength of the evidence for a dissociation. Results provided strong evidence for a dissociation (i.e., crossover interaction) between effects of speech and of emotion. Because the duplex-mechanism account predicts this dissociation between speech effects (interference by process) and emotion effects (attentionaldiversion) whereas the unitary account does not, Marsh et al.’s data support the duplex-mechanism account. However, to show that this dissociation is robust, researchers are advised to replicate this dissociation in an adversarial registered report.
Türkiye-Yunanistan Sınırındaki Mülteci Krizinin Söylem Analizi Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi: Hürriyet ve Kathimerini Örneği
Authors: ÇELİK Ramazan , NEZİR KÖSE Nesrin
Published: January 2022

Dünya genelinde son yıllarda artan ekonomik krizler, siyasi sorunlar, iç savaşlar, etnik ve dini çatışmalarla birlikte ortaya çıkan insan haklarına saldırılar kendi ülkelerini terk edip başka ülkelere göç eden insanların sayısında da artış göstermiştir. Türkiye, uluslararası göç konusunda Avrupa’ya açılan kapılarda stratejik öneme sahip bir ülke konumundadır. Özellikle son on yılda ülkede artan sığınmacı hareketleri ulusal ve uluslararası basın kuruluşlarında sık sık yer bulmaktadır. 28 Şubat 2020 tarihinde Türkiye’nin Avrupa’ya karadan ve denizden sınır kapılarının açıldığını ve sınırı geçmek isteyenleri durdurmayacakları haberleri üzerine, Suriye sınırından ve Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerinden Avrupa’ya gitmek isteyen mülteciler sınır kapılarına akın etti. Bu süreç 26 Mart 2020’de simge olarak kabul edilen Edirne- Pazarkule sınır kapısında yaklaşık 10 bin kişinin toplandığı kamp alanının boşaltılması ile sona erdi. Geçen bu 28 günlük sürecin ilk 15 günü ulusal ve uluslararası medyada büyük yankı uyandırdı. Mülteci krizinin Hürriyet ve Kathimerini gazeteleri bağlamında ilk kez ele alınmış olması bu çalışmayı özel kılmaktadır. Bu çalışma Hürriyet ve Kathimerini gazetelerinin 29 Şubat-15 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında uluslararası çapta yankı uyandıran Türkiye-Yunanistan arasındaki mülteci krizi ile alakalı haberlerinde kullandıkları görsel ve başlıkların Teun A. Van Dijk’in eleştirel söylem analizi kapsamında karşılaştırmalı incelemesini ele almaktadır. İncelenen gazetelerin, haber metnini üretirken, ülke çıkarlarını gözeterek görsel ve metin içeriklerini nasıl farklılaştırdıkları değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca haberin tarafsızlığının, haberi üreten gazetenin lehine değişim gösterdiği ve kamuoyu oluştururken de aynı konu üzerinde farklı söylemler geliştirdiği gözlemlenmektedir.
End-To-End Strategic Planning Model Proposal with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: KARATOP Buket
Published: January 2022

Organizations want to manage the future by being positioned correctly in the future with strategic planning, which is a part of strategic management. Strategic planning, which is a proactive approach, is a long-term type of planning and a case of forecasting based on data. It also contains many data that are complex, uncertain and linguistic, without statistical history. Real-life challenges, like strategic planning, are dynamic, unpredictable, and multi-criteria. It is known that the use of artificial intelligence techniques in such problems gives optimum results and minimizes human errors. At the same time, the use of multi-criteria-decision-making methods together with artificial intelligence techniques provides accurate and effective results to the decision maker. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications, which is the phenomenon of today, continue to enter all areas of our lives and its usage area is rapidly spreading. AI techniques are also used in the stages of strategic planning. There are applications of artificial intelligence (fuzzy logic) with SWOT analysis, which is a very common method to determine the current situation in strategic planning. Moreover, the number of models offering solutions with artificial intelligence techniques at all stages of planning from the very beginning to the end is low. In this study, a model proposal is presented for the preparation of end-to-end strategic planning with AI techniques. In the proposed model, strategic planning was examined in four stages as analyses of current situation, strategic concepts, assessment and evaluation. (Strategic planning was examined in four stages in the proposed model: current situation analyses, strategic concepts, assessment, and evaluation.) AI techniques are suggested for each stage. The proposed AI techniques have been chosen from among the most used techniques in the literature. The methods used are of 3 types. The first type is fuzzy logic (FL) which is one of the AI techniques, expert systems (ES), artificial neural networks (ANN), and genetic algorithms (GA). The second type is the combination of delphi technique used in data collection and multi-criteria decision-making methods, which is the decision-making methods, and FL. Fuzzy delphi and fuzzy multi-criteria-decision-making methods. The third type is the use of other AI techniques with FL. Fuzzy ES, fuzzy ANN. The aim of this study is to provide a perspective to organizations and experts that make strategic planning.
Review of TV Series in the Context of Verbal Violence and Marginalization Against the Low-Income Group
Authors: KOÇAK Mevlüt  Can , KÜÇÜK Olgun
Published: January 2022

In the social structure, income inequality may create a disadvantageous situation in terms of verbal violence and marginalization. People in the low-income group are more exposed to humiliation and marginalization in this sense. Media content, which is a visual representation of social life, and especially popular TV series, may have verbal violence and marginalizing elements in terms of themes and dialogues. These negative representations in the TV series may cause the aforementioned social problems to be considered normal and trigger overlooking or ignoring them. As the research sample, the TV series named “Fatmagül’ün Suçu ne? (What is Fatmagül’s Fault?)” broadcasted on Kanal D (Channel D) between the years 2010 – 2012 has been analyzed in the context of verbal violence and marginalization through qualitative research method and survey model. According to the results of the analysis, it has been determined that people in the low-income group are humiliated and marginalized in some scenes and dialogues in the series. It has been observed that people with a low financial profile living in the provinces are subjected to verbal violence and injustice by wealthy people, and from time to time they have been forced to remain silent in the face of these injustices. Again, it was clear that especially the weak position of women in society has been emphasized in the series as well as women having to confront the issue of marginalization even more. The subject’s gender creates a significant difference in the context of negative events to be experienced. As a result; ın the series, Fatmagül and other low-income people are exposed to oppressive behaviors and injustices. Additionally, it is observed that women are always in a less favorable position than men in society.
The Analysis of the Validity of the Phillips Curve in Turkey via the Fourier Cointegration and Causality Tests
Authors: YILDIZ Şaduman
Published: January 2022

Inflation and unemployment indicators are among the most significant success criteria of a country’s economy. Thus, since the increase in inflation and unemployment rates decreases the welfare levels of countries, policymakers aim to keep both inflation and unemployment at low levels and establish their monetary and fiscal policies accordingly. According to the Phillips curve, which reveals the correlation between inflation and unemployment in the macroeconomic literature, an increase in inflation leads to a decrease in unemployment, and while inflation decreases, unemployment increases, which indicates an inverse correlation between inflation and unemployment. In this respect, it is not possible to find a solution for both inflation and unemployment simultaneously with the policies to be implemented if the Phillips curve is valid in the economy. This study aims to reveal whether the Phillips curve is valid or not by investigating the correlation between inflation and unemployment, which were among the most important economic problems within the 2006:01 – 2020:11 period in Turkey. In line with this purpose, the Fourier ADF and Fourier KPSS analyses were carried out first, and it was concluded that the relevant variables were not stationary at the level, and they were stationary in their first differences. With the Fourier cointegration analysis conducted later, no long-run correlations between the variables were determined. Finally, the Single Fourier-Frequency Toda & Yamamoto causality analysis was carried out, and it was attempted to reveal whether there was a short-run correlation between the variables. According to the results of the causality analysis, no causality correlations were observed both from inf to unemp and from unemp to inf, and it was revealed that changes in inflation did not influence unemployment, and changes in unemployment did not influence inflation in the short run. In this context, it was concluded that the Phillips curve, suggesting an inverse correlation between inflation and unemployment, was not valid for Turkey within the framework of the period considered and the analyses performed.
Oryantalizmin Operaya Yansıması: Bağdat Berberi Örneği
Authors: DEMİRCİ ÖZAY Ayça
Published: January 2022

Edward W. Said ile birlikte kuramsal bir bilgi alanı olarak boy göstermeye başlayan oryantalizm, Batı’nın kendi öz kimliğinin inşasında kendisini Doğu karşısında konumlandırarak Doğu’yu ötekileştirme işlemine dayanmaktadır. Oryantalist temelli ürünlerde Batı her zaman ideal olanı temsil ederken, Doğu bu idealden yoksun olarak tanımlanmış, oryantalizmin etkin aracı olan ürünlerle zihinlere hayali bir Doğu imgesi yerleştirilmiştir. Said, oryantalist temelli çalışmaların masum bir bilgi alanı oluşturmaktan ziyade Batı’nın Doğu üzerinde hegemonya oluşturmasına hizmet ettiği düşüncesindedir. Zengin anlatım biçimlerini bünyesinde barındıran opera ürünleri ise bu etkin araçlardan biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile oryantalizmin sanat alanına operalar üzerinden nasıl yansıdığının bir örnek üzerinden irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için bestesi ve librettosu Peter Cornelius'a ait olan Bağdat Berberi Operası örnek olarak seçilmiş, bu operadaki müzik unsurları, görsel unsurlar ve kavramlar içerik analizi yöntemiyle araştırmanın amacına hizmet edecek şekilde tema ve kodlar üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın problem cümlesi; "Bağdat Berberi Operası içinde yer alan kavram ve semboller, Türk kimliğine dair imajların yaratılmasında nasıl bir işleve sahiptir?" olarak belirlenirken, opera içindeki unsurlar "semboller, Müslüman/Türk aktörler ve egzotizm" olmak üzere üç tema altında toplanarak açıklanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda operadaki semboller ile İslam/Türk algısının yaratıldığı, egzotizm ile Doğu/Türk algısının pekiştirildiği bu bakımdan operanın Doğu, Türk ve İslam algısı üzerine inşa edildiği görülürken, Müslüman/Türk aktörlere oryantalist bir yaklaşımla hayat verildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu yaklaşımın temelinde komik operaların daha gülünç kılınacağı düşüncesi yatarken, daha fazla izleyici/dinleyici kitlesine ulaştırılma gayesiyle Doğu/İslam/Türk imajı, çok sayıda opera eserinde olumsuzluklarla yansıtılmıştır. Peter Cornelius da Bağdat Berberi eserinde Doğu/İslam/Türk imgelerini oryantalist bir yaklaşımla inşa ederken bu eseri ile ölümünden sonra da olsa üne kavuşmuştur.