bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ÉTICA CRISTÃ DO AMOR EM KIERKEGAARD
Authors: Salgado Domingos Manuel
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: O mandamento do amor ao próximo constitui o âmago das Obras do Amor de Kierkegaard. Nesta obra, o amor cristão é definido em contraposição ao amor natural, nomeadamente ao amor erótico e à amizade. Em virtude da sua natureza passional, o amor natural é uma forma de amor de si mesmo e não comporta exigência ética. No amor cristão, pelo contrário, o outro é amado como próximo, não em resultado de predileção, mas porque Deus ordena esse amor. Não obstante as dissemelhanças entre o amor natural e o amor cristão, não existe relação antitética entre estas duas formas de amor. Do ponto de vista cristão, o que é problemático no amor natural é a exclusividade egoísta, que o mandamento do amor ao próximo erradica ao estabelecer a equidade no amor. A proeminência dada ao mandamento do amor será considerada à luz da concomitante ênfase de Kierkegaard em esforço e dom, obras e graça, lei e amor. A interpretação Kierke­gaardiana da doutrina do amor tem sido frequentemente criticada por descurar a dimensão social da ética cristã e espiritualizar o amor ao próximo. Embora seja inegável a existência de um certo desapreço por uma ética do amor orientada para transformações sociais, tal não implica menosprezo pela importância de promover o bem-estar social e material da pessoa humana. Kierkegaard visa antes mostrar a diferença qualitativa que existe entre a prática do amor cristão e a expressão política e social de generosidade organizada.ABSTRACT: The command of loving one’s neighbor is at the core of Kiekegaard’s Works of Love. In this book, Christian love is defined in opposition to natural love, namely erotic love and friendship. Due to its passionate nature, natural love is aform of self-love and contains no ethical demand. In Christian love, on the con­trary, the other is loved as one’s neighbor, not because of preference, but because God commands that love. Notwithstanding the dissimilarities between natural love and Christian love, these two forms of love are not antithetically related. From a Christian point of view, what is problematic in natural love is its egotistic exclusivity, which love for the neighbor eliminates by establishing equality in loving. The prominence given to the command of love will be considered in light of Kierkegaard’s simultaneous emphasis on effort and gift, works and grace, law and love. The Kierkegaardian interpretation of the doctrine of love has often been criticized for neglecting the social dimension of Christian ethics. While a certain disregard for an ethic of love directed towards social change is undeniably pres­ent, this does not imply disdain for the importance of promoting the social and material well-being of the human person. Kierkegaard’s concern is, rather, to show that a qualitative difference exists between the practice of Christian love and the political and social expression of organized generosity.
A RESISTÊNCIA POLÍTICA PRÓ-EGITO EM CANAÃ NO PERÍODO DE AMARNA
Authors: Kaefer José Ademar
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a resistência política organizada pelas cidades-Estado pró-Egito frente ao avanço da revolta siquemita em Canaã durante o período das cartas de Amarna. De início, a revolta liderada por Lab’ayu, governante de Siquém, era vista apenas como um movimento isolado de mais um grupo rebelde da montanha. Mas, quando a rebelião se estendeu e teve a adesão de outras cidades-Estado e, principalmente, quando ameaçou tomar o Vale de Jezreel, celeiro de Canaã, o Egito se obrigou a entrar em ação e a organizar seus vassalos que ainda lhe eram fiéis. O estudo será feito através da análise das cartas enviadas ao Egito pelos governantes de Hazor (EA 227 e 228), de Gath-Padalla ou Rehov (EA 249 e 250) e de Jerusalém (EA 285-290) encontradas em Tell el-Amarna.ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is to present the political resistance organized by the pro-Egypt city-states in face of the advance of the Shechemite rebellion in Canaan during the Amarna letters period. On the beginning the revolt led by Lab’ayu, ruler of Shechem, was seen as an isolated movement of another mountain rebel group. But when the rebellion spread out and joined others city-states, and especially when it threatened to take over the Jezreel Valley, Egypt was forced to organize its vassals who were still loyal to it. The study will be done by analyzing the letters sent to Egypt by the rulers of Hazor (EA 227 and 228), Gath-Padalla or Rehov (EA 249 and 250) and Jerusalem (EA 285-290) found in Tell el-Amarna.
Uncertainty Analysis in the Optimization Process of Groundwater Exploitation Scheme Based on SVR Method—A Case Study of Hetao Plain
Authors: An Yongkai , Lu Wenxi , Yan Xueman
Published: April 2018

This paper introduces a surrogate model to reduce the huge computational load in the process of simulation-optimization and uncertainty analysis. First, the groundwater numerical simulation model was established, calibrated and verified in the northeast of Hetao Plain. Second, two surrogate models of simulation model were established using support vector regression (SVR) method, one (surrogate model A, SMA) was used to describe the corresponding relationship between the pumping rate and average groundwater table drawdown, and another (surrogate model B, SMB) was used to express the corresponding relationship between the hydrogeological parameter values and average groundwater table drawdown. Third, an optimization model was established to search an optimal groundwater exploitation scheme using the maximum total pumping rate as objective function and the limitative average groundwater table drawdown as constraint condition, the SMA was invoked by the optimization model for obtaining the optimal groundwater exploitation scheme. Finally, the SMB was invoked in the process of uncertainty analysis for assessing the reliability of optimal groundwater exploitation scheme. Results show that the relative error and root mean square error between simulation model and the two surrogate models are both less than 5%, which is a high approximation accuracy. The SVR surrogate model developed in this study could not only considerably reduce the computational load, but also maintain high computational accuracy. The optimal total pumping rate is 7947 m3/d and the reliability of optimal scheme is 40.21%. This can thus provide an effective method for identifying an optimal groundwater exploitation scheme and assessing the reliability of scheme quickly and accurately.
Techno-Economic Feasibility of Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage Power System for a Soshanguve Mobile Cellular Base Station in South Africa
Authors: Aderemi Banjo A. , Chowdhury SP Daniel , Olwal Thomas O. , Abu-Mahfouz Adnan M.
Published: April 2018

Over the years, sustainability, impact on the environment, as well as the operation expenditure have been a major concern to the deployment of mobile cellular base stations worldwide. This is because the mobile cellular base stations are known to consume a high percentage of power within the mobile cellular network. Such energy consumption contributes to the emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) through the use of conventional diesel generating a set. As a result, the mobile cellular operators are faced with the dilemma of minimising the power consumption, GHG emission, and the operation cost, while improving the Quality of Service of the networks. In attempting to find a solution, this study presents the feasibility and simulation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) with battery hybrid power system (HPS) as a predominant source of power for a specific mobile cellular base station site situated in Soshanguve area of the city of Pretoria, South Africa. It also presents the technical development, showed the environmental advantage and cost benefits of using a solar PV-battery HPS to power a base station site of a 24 hrs daily load of 241.10 kWh/d and the peak load of 20.31 kW as compared to using the HPS of solar PV-diesel generating set-battery. The solar resource pattern for the city of Pretoria was collected from The National Aeronautics and Space Administration and modelled statistically. Thus, the statistical modelling done using solar radiation resource exposure characteristic patterns of Pretoria, South Africa, revealed an average annual daily solar radiation of 5.4645 Wh/m2/d and 0.605 clearness index. The simulation and the design were done using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables and Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation finding shows that the HPS of solar PV-battery combination has about 59.62 % saving on Net Present Cost, Levelized Cost of Energy, and 80.87% saving on Operating cost as against conventional BS powered with Gen Set-Battery.
Molecular Characterization of Termitomyces Protoclones through PCR and RFLP Based DNA Typing
Authors: Mallick Pijush , Roy Chowdhury Sobhan , Roy Dipanwita , Kanti Roy Subhash , Ranjan Sikdar Samir
Published: April 2018

A total of five protoclones were successfully cultured on PDA medium out of regenerated twenty two colonies of Termitomyces protoplast and further studied. Liquid MYG grown mycelial tissue is used for protoplast isolation by enzymatic digestionin a mixture containing Lysing enzyme 2% and Cellulase R10 2% in 0.6 M mannitol. The incubation conditions like temperature, shaking and time were standardized at 24ºC, 60 rpm and 10 hours, respectively for healthy protoplasts liberation. The purified protoplasts showed an average yield of 1.2 × 107 cells/gm tissue with 31.60 ± 9.31% regeneration efficiency on specific medium and 77.12 ± 2.72% viability by FDA test. Four ISSR primers were used in this study resulting a total of 27 reproducible bands with mean value of 6.75. They showed similar banding pattern in all the lines with zero percent polymorphism ranged from 280 bp–2700 bp. The amplified rRNA-ITS gene showed ~600 bp size in gel and found a single restriction site for enzyme HaeIII in all the protoclones and parent with similar fragment size in all.
Influence of the dimensions of CSR activities on consumer purchase intention
Authors: Sharma Vinod , Poulose Jeanne , Mohanta Subhasmita , Elizabeth Antony Liza
Published: April 2018

Over the years, the number of organizations investing in CSR activities has increased considerably. This increase is partially attributable to the intention of the organizations to give back to the society to repair and reduce the loss their intentional or unintentional actions might have caused to the environment. The government’s decision to make it mandatory for businesses to invest a small part of their net profit in social welfare activities has also helped nudge the organizations towards CSR activities. However, the question whether this investment influences customers’ intention to purchase the product in any manner remains an unresolved paradox. Limited researches have been conducted in this area to explore and establish the relationship if any between CSR and consumer purchase intention. This research focuses on the five different factors of CSR comprising of loyalty, morality, awareness, behavior and environment, which are identified from the previous literature. With the help of these factors, the authors researched and established the relationship between them and consumer purchase intention. In this descriptive research, the research questionnaire was distributed to 1500 respondents, using convenient sampling method, out of which 319 responses were finally obtained for the analysis purpose. After testing the reliability and validity of the data, the five hypotheses were tested using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). It was found that all the five hypotheses were supported and thereby acknowledged the significant influence of CSR related activities performed by companies on the consumer purchase intention. The CSR driven morality is emerging to be the most important dimension that appears to influence the consumer purchase intentions. These finding will help decision-makers to formulate their promotion activities in such a manner that it aligns with the value system of the consumers and increase the overall consumer base.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS AND RESIDENTS OF SURGICAL DIRECTIONS OF TRAINING
Authors: Lyukshina D. S. , Bartkovskaya N. S.
Published: April 2018

The purpose of the study is to detect and describe the psychological characteristics of students and residents of surgical specialties of the medical university. The study involved 22 sixth-year students planning to enter the surgical section and 20 residents of surgical specialization. The 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) by R. Cattell (Form A) was used. The following psychological characteristics prevail among the sixth-year students: anxiety, suspicion, radicalism, dreaminess, dominance, restraint, straightforwardness, cruelty, shyness, low level of self-control, high level of normative behavior. For the residents such characteristics are: anxiety, self-control, dominance, radicalism, suspiciousness, non-conformism, cruelty, practicality, courage. According to the results of statistical calculations, differences in psychological characteristics were revealed among the 6th year students and residents of the first year of training. The residents have a higher level of cruelty, suspicion, practicality and selfcontrol. Self-control among the students is significantly lower and dreaminess is more expressed than among the residents. The materials of this study can be used to improve the process of professional medical education and training of young specialists.
TEMPERAMENT AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL DETERMINANT OF EATING BEHAVIOR
Authors: Proskuryakova L. A. , Lobykina E. N.
Published: April 2018

In the article, temperament is considered as a psychological and psychophysiological determinant of eating disorders. The results of the relationship between the temperament type and eating behavior in the adult population (150 people) are presented according to gender and age characteristics. Only 12 % of respondents have a rational type of eating behavior. The sample was 33.3 % of respondents with melonchal temperament, 28.7 % – phlegmatic, 20 % sanguine and 18 % choleric, respectively. It is established that women-melancholiacs are more likely to develop an emotiogenic type of eating disorders, and men-melancholiacs are of a restrictive type. Emotiogenic type of eating behavior occurs in representatives of all types of temperament, but in different periods of ontogenesis: sanguine and choleric patients under 29 years old; melancholics at the age of 30 and older; phlegmaticians since 50 years of age, respectively. The external type of eating behavior is most characteristic for choleric persons under the age of 29. The results showed that temperament is indeed a factor in eating disorders and depends on age and gender characteristics.
MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE PUBLIC LANDS OF THE KUZNETSK REGION IN THE "POST-REFORM" PERIOD
Authors: Karpinets A. Yu.
Published: April 2018

The current paper features the migratory process on the state lands in the Kuzbass region in the late 1860s – early 1890s. The purpose of the research is to present data on the main problems and features of the resettlement movement in the subregion. The article reviews a significant amount of sources on the matter. An analysis of the statistical and narrative data obtained from the works by A. A.Kauffman, V. N.Sobolev et al allowed the author to make a detailed description of the process in question. No other summary research on Kuzbass history reflects the subject, thus making it possible to use the current results for educational and scientific purposes. The author has allocated and characterized the stages of the migratory process, its dynamics and local features. Up to the middle of the 1880s the settling process was quite active on the territory of the modern Kuzbass, especially in its northwest part, which resulted in dozens of new agricultural settlements populated by farmers from all over the Russian Empire. A new stage of country migrations on the royal lands began in the middle of the 1880s. In 1885 the Ministry of Internal Affairs set up the West Siberian group to deal with the resettlement sites on the local state lands. In 1882 – 1893, 40 new settlements were created on the royal lands of Bogotolsky, Dmitriyevsky, Alchedatsky, Baimsky and Pochitansky areas of the Mariinsky district and the Ishim area of the Tomsk district of the Tomsk province (within the territorial borders of the nowadays Kuzbass), 27 of which were to the southeast from Mariinsk.
THE SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION ROUTE OF THE ACADEMIC BRIGADE IN THE TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY IN 1735
Authors: Bespalko D. N.
Published: April 2018

In 1735, the Academic brigade under G. F. Miller and I. G. Gmelin’s command went on a scientific expedition to Transbaikal. The researchers were to visit the most populated areas and industrial facilities. The route was determined by the density of population in the district and presence of scientifically significant objects of study, human-made or natural. The current article features the road diaries and journals that were left by the future academicians S. P. Krasheninnikov and A. Gorlanov, who were students at that time, and the notes compiled by I. Yakhontov, the translator for the brigade. Some of G. F. Miller’s scientific works, as well as his promemoria are mostly represented by business correspondence stored in the Transbaikalian State Archive. The content of the road diary entries is often very poor: they contain the names of the places they passed, the precise locations of bivouacs, fording sites, distance between verst posts, etc. It is the power of observation and responsibility to the Science Academy that made each individual researcher introduce brief but diverse descriptions of economic, ethnographic, or natural-climatic character. The expedition around the Transbaikal region lasted for almost half a year and resulted in a detailed description of the western, southern and south-eastern areas, while the eastern and northern territories of Transbaikal were not involved due to their inaccessibility and sparse population.
Carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical oxidation of alkylphenol ethoxylate
Authors: Patiño Yolanda , Díaz Eva , Lobo-Castañón María Jesús , Ordóñez Salvador
Published: April 2018

Electrochemical oxidation of an emerging pollutant, 2-(4-methylphenoxy)ethanol (MPET), from water has been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Multiwall carbon nanotubes glassy carbon electrodes (MWCNT-GCE) were used as working electrode due to their extraordinary properties. The oxidation process is irreversible, since no reduction peaks were observed in the reverse scan. The electrocatalytic effect of MWCNT was confirmed as the oxidation peak intensity increases in comparison to bare-GCE. The effect of functional groups on MWCNT was also studied by MWCNT functionalized with NH2 (MWCNT-NH2) and COOH (MWCNT-COOH) groups. The oxidation peak current decreases in the following order: MWCNT > MWCNT-NH2 > MWCNT-COOH. Taking into account the normalized peak current, MWCNT-NH2 exhibits the best results due to its strong interaction with MPET. Under optimal conditions (pH = 5.0 and volume of MWCNT = 10 μL), degradation was studied for MWCNT-GCE and MWCNT-NH2-GCE. A complete MPET removal was observed using MWCNT-GCE after four CV cycles, for a volume/area (V/A) ratio equal to 19. In the case of MWCNT-NH2-GCE, the maximum MPET removal was close to 90% for V/A = 37, higher than that obtained for MWCNT-GCE at the same conditions (≈80%). In both cases, no organic by-products were detected.
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Atom Kavramını Anlama Seviyelerinin Tespiti
Authors: Kaya Ali
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaöğretimde öğrenim gören
öğrencilerin atom kavramını anlama seviyelerini tespit edebilmektir. Bu araştırmada betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Çalışma
verileri, yedi devlet lisesinden toplam 271 son sınıf öğrencisine geliştirilen
12 maddelik bir testin uygulanması ve 10 öğrenci ile olaylarla ilgili yapılan mülakatlardan
(interview-about-events)
elde edilmiştir. Testtin güvenirlik katsayısı 0,72 dir. Veriler frekans ve
yüzde olarak verilerek analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda ortaöğretim
öğrencilerinin dörtte üçüne yakınının atom kavramını anladıkları görülmüştür.
Öğrencilerin yaklaşık % 42’nin atom kavramını anlamadıkları ve bu konuda yanlış
anlamalarının olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin atom kavramı ile ilgili yanlış
anlaması “Atom, maddenin parçalara ayrılamayan en küçük yapı taşıdır”
yargısıdır. Öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun atomun yapısını kısmen anladığı ve
yaklaşık % 20’sinin anlamadıkları ve bu konuda yanlış anlamalarının olduğu
görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin atomun yapısı ile ilgili yanlış anlamaları; ”Atom,
küre şeklindedir”, ”Atomun çekirdeği bir küre
şeklindedir”, ”Elektronlar
atomda belli yörüngelerde hareket ederler.” ve ”Atom, çekirdek, elektron ve
yörüngelerden oluşur” şeklindeki ifadelerdir. Ortaöğretim
öğrencilerinin atom kavramını anlama seviyelerinin yüksek olmasına rağmen,
çoğunun atomun yapısını kısmen anladıkları ve her iki alanda da bazı yanlış
anlamalarının olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin
yarısından fazlasının atom altı kuark, lepton, gluon, müon ve
benzeri gibi parçacıklardan haberdar olmadıkları
belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda, atom
kavramı ve yapısı ile ilgili sorunların giderilmesine yönelik önerilere yer
verilmiştir.
Eğitim, Afet Eğitimi Ve Afete Dirençli Toplum
Authors: MIZRAK SEFA
Published: April 2018

Eğitim insanların diğer insanlarla ve
çevreyle uyum içerisinde yaşamasını sağlayan en temel unsurdur. Dünyada
herhangi bir alanda meydana gelen sorunların temelinde eğitim ile ilgili
yapılan yanlış uygulamalar bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitimin önemini vurgulamak, afet
eğitimlerinin genel özelliklerini belirtmek ve afete dirençli toplum açısından
olumlu etkilerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu araştırma literatür taraması ile
oluşturulmuştur. Afetler meydana geldiklerinde büyük yıkımlara neden olan
olaylardır. Afetlerin neden olduğu zararın boyutu önemli derecede afet
eğitimi uygulamalarına bağlıdır. Afet eğitimleri dünyada farklı şekillerde
planlanmaktadır ve uygulanmaktadır. Afet eğitimlerinin afetlere dirençli toplum
oluşturulmasında büyük önemi vardır. Afet eğitimleri ile insanların afetler
hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri, farkındalıkları ve ilgileri artırılır. Afet eğitimi
alan insanlar afetlere daha iyi ve daha fazla hazırlanırlar ve bu sayede
afetlerden daha iyi korunurlar. Afet eğitimi sayesinde afete daha etkili
müdahale edilir ve kayıplar azaltılır. Afet sonrasında iyileşme faaliyetleri
afet eğitimlerinin uygun bir şekilde verilmesine bağlı olarak daha kısa sürer
ve daha iyi bir iyileşme gerçekleşir. Afet eğitimleri sosyal sermayeyi artırır.
Afet eğitimi alan insanlar diğer insanları afet eğitimi almaları konusunda
teşvik ederler. Özellikle toplumun geleceği açısından çocukların afetler
hakkında eğitim almaları büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Afet eğitimlerinin
sürdürülebilir ve başarılı olması için uzman ve tecrübeli kişiler tarafından
verilmelidir. Afet eğitimi ile ilgili akademik çalışmalar arttırılmalıdır.
Emerging Intercultural Identity in the Turkish EFL Context
Authors: Çelik Mehmet
Published: April 2018

The paper argues that for individuals to develop
intercultural identity, they do not necessarily need to experience
intercultural experiences. A questionnaire devised by the author is
administered to 227 Turkish learners of English aged 19-23. The findings of
self-reported responses to a 37-item questionnaire as well as the qualitative
data reveal that learners feel they have a slightly different identity and that
English is an asset, a passport to a world of new experiences in socialization
and cross-cultural communication.  The
paper concludes that it is legitimate to speak of intercultural identity in the
absence of direct contact with L2 community.
A Potential Therapeutic Target RNA-binding Protein, Arid5a for the Treatment of Inflammatory Disease Associated with Aberrant Cytokine Expression
Authors: Masuda Kazuya , Kishimoto Tadamitsu
Published: April 2018

Background:

Infection, tissue damage and aging can cause inflammation with high levels of inflammatory
cytokines. Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines often leads to systemic inflammatory response
syndrome (SIRS), severe sepsis, and septic shock. However, prominent therapeutic targets have not been found,
although the incidence of sepsis is likely to increase annually. Our recent studies indicate that some RNA-binding
proteins, which control gene expression of inflammatory cytokines at the post-transcriptional level, may play a
critical role in inflammatory diseases such as sepsis.

Results:

1) One of the RNA-binding proteins, AT-rich interactive domain-containing 5a (Arid5a) promotes cytokine
production through control of mRNA half-lives of pro-inflammatory molecules such as IL-6, STAT3, T-bet,
and OX40 in activated macrophages and T cells. Arid5a KO mice are refractory to endotoxin shock, bleomycininduced
lung injury, and inflammatory autoimmune disease. 2) Chlorpromazine (CPZ), which is recognized as a
psychotic drug, impairs post-transcriptional gene expression of Il6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages: CPZ inhibits
the binding activity of Arid5a to the 3’UTR of Il6 mRNA, thereby destabilizing Il6 mRNA possibly through
suppression of Arid5a expression. 3) CPZ has strong suppressive effects on cytokine production such as TNF-α in
vivo. Mice with treatment of CPZ are resistant to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced shock.

Conclusion:

Thus, Arid5a contributes to the activation of macrophages and T cells through positive control of
mRNA half-lives of inflammatory cytokines and its related molecules, which might lead to cytokine storm. Interestingly,
Arid5a was identified from an inhibitory effect of CPZ on IL-6 production in macrophages activated by
LPS. Therefore, CPZ derivatives or Arid5a inhibitors may have a potential to suppress severe sepsis through
control of post-transcriptional gene expression.
Pharmacological Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Authors: Hong Kevin , Nezgovorova Vera , Uzunova Genoveva , Schlussel Danya , Hollander Eric
Published: April 2018

Body dysmorphic disorder is a challenging disorder that manifests as erroneously perceived flaws in one’s physical appearance and repetitive behaviors in response to appearance concerns. This disorder is also frequently comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder and autism spectrum disorder. It is currently understood to arise from a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Treatment of body dysmorphic disorder typically consists of a combination of pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. However, not all patients respond to treatment, and BDD symptoms remain even in those who do respond. This review outlines current pharmacological and neuromodulation treatments for body dysmorphic disorder and suggests directions for future studies of novel treatments such as augmentation with atypical antipsychotics and the use of intranasal oxytocin in cases of body dysmorphic disorder that show residual symptomatology even with tailored monotherapy. There is emerging evidence suggesting that non-invasive neurostimulatory techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, may be of value in treatment-resistant cases.
Cardioprotective Activity of Agaricus bisporus Against Isoproterenol- Induced Myocardial Infarction in Laboratory Animals
Authors: Bhushan Apoorva , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: April 2018

Background:

Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native
to grasslands in Europe and North America. A. bisporus, commonly known as white button mushroom
(WBM), is widely cultivated in most countries, and it constitutes the bulk of all mushrooms consumed
in the United States and Australia. Traditionally this fungus has used in the treatment of heart diseases.
Also it has anti-ageing property.Mushrooms have been found effective against cancer, cholesterol
reduction, stress, insomnia, asthma, allergies and diabetes.

Objective:

The present research was designed to appraise the cardioprotective activity of a hydroalcoholic
extract of Agaricus bisporus (EEAB) on Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI)
in Albino Wistar rat. Traditionally, Agaricus bisporus is reported in the treatment of heart diseases,
cancer, cerebral stroke and anti-ageing property.

Materials and Methods:

Wistar rats of different sex were randomly split into five groups namely positive
control, negative control, standard, test-1 and test-2 and received distilled water, ISO (85 mg/kg),
Simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, oral) and EEAB (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 30 days, respectively.
MI was induced in rats by ISO at an interval of 24 hrs on 31 and 32 day and on the next day, blood
was amassed through retro-orbital plexus for the assessment of biochemical markers (cholesterol, lowdensity
lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase
and total protein) and finally, the rats were immolated by cervical dislocation. The heart
tissue was reaped instantly, cleaned with chilled isotonic saline and clasped in 10% buffered formalin
and used for the histopathological analysis.

Results:

ISO p.o. administration significantly elevated the cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very
low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels
while it decreases high-density lipoprotein and total protein in plasma and administration of EEAB
decreases the level of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides,
alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels while it increases high-density lipoprotein
and total protein levels. Pretreatment with EEAB protected the cardiotoxicity induced by ISO.
The histopathological findings support the analysis of biochemical parameters, ISO-induced myocardium
showed infracted zone with edema, inflammatory cells, lipid droplets, myocardial necrosis and
vacuolization of myofibrils which were reduced.

Conclusion:

It can be an outcome that EEAB possessed cardioprotective activity against experimental
and clinical studies of ISO-induced myocardial infarction in rats.
Sialic Acids Content Analysis of the Innovator and Biosimilar Darbepoetin Alfa by Fluorometric HPLC Assay
Authors: Huo Yanyan , He Jinjiao , Li Feng
Published: April 2018

Background:

Erythropoietin is a highly glycosylated protein hormone, used medically for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic renal disease. Due to patent expirations, we expect biosimilar erythropoietins to play an increasing role in healthcare in coming years.  Objective: Here, we have developed a chromatograpy method for determination of Neu5AC and Neu5Gc in darbepoetin alfa.

Methods:

Sialic acids (Sias) analysis provides the contents of the two most abundant sialic acids Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc. It has often been utilized for the evaluation of sialylated glycoprotein to ensure the biopharmtherapeutic safety and efficacy. In this work, the application of the DMB derivatization of Sias from darbepoetin alfa followed by the separation of the resulting adducts based on HPLC-FLD was presented.

Results:

Our work demonstrated that the method is characteristics of simple operation, and high reproducibility and sensitivity, and easy to set up for compliance analysis in a routine laboratory.

Conclusion:

By using a water:acetonitrile gradient, high resolution of Sias was obtained within a 1 min analysis time. The detection limits of NeuAc and NeuGc were 2.9 µg/L and 1.5 µg/L, respectively. The RSDs of the intraday and interday precisions in terms of retention time and peak areas of the analytes are below 1%, and from 3.8% to 4.2% respectively. Therefore, this developed method can be widely applied for simple determination of Neu5Ac, Neu5Gc, and O-acetylated Sias in the derivatized samples. Especially, high levels of O-acetylation were detected on darbepoetin alfa N-glycans, which are critical to establishing the bioequivalence of darbepoetin alfa biosimilars.
Employee motivation and its implication on organizational productivity in nigerian media industry
Authors: Ojogbo Leonard U. , N Ofili Peter , Anthony Dibashi A.
Published: April 2018

This study investigated “Employee Motivation and Its Implication on Organizational Productivity in Nigerian Media Industry (A Study of Delta State Broadcasting Service”). The objectives of the study among others were to determine the motivational factors employed by the management of Delta State Broadcasting Service to enhance workers’ productivity. The methodology adopted was a mixed analysis of quantitative and qualitative parameters based on the survey design which relied on primary and secondary sources of gathering data, through the use of questionnaires and interview instruments. Sixty two (62) questionnaires were administered to all to staff of Delta State Broadcasting Service, two (2) were returned. The study adopted purposive/judgment sampling technique. The data was analyzed and presented using tables, percentages and chi-square. Consequently, the findings reveals that Promotion as a way of motivating workers at Delta State Broadcasting Service is a factor of education, qualification and hard work. There is significant relationship between incentives and work productivity in Delta State Broadcasting Service. Also, monetary incentives and rewards exert a stronger influence on workers than any other form of motivational incentives. The study recommends that Delta State Broadcasting Service should improve its present techniques of motivating its staff to accommodate more workers. The management of Delta State Broadcasting Service should also expand their motivational techniques to incorporate other psychological factors.
Princípios da doutrina do solidarismo e a concepção do estado-providência
Authors: Arruda Gerardo Clesio
Published: April 2018

Objetiva-se neste artigo proceder a identificação dos fatores históricos fundantes da doutrina político-jurídica do solidarismo, tencionando verificar as ideias e as proposições presentes neste pensamento que ensejaram a instituição do Estado-providência. Apoiado numa abordagem teórico-histórica e tomando como referências o pensamento do sociólogo Emile Durkheim e do jurista Léon Bourgeois, foram explicitados os fundamentos do solidarismo que funcionaram para a legitimação do Estado social vis-à-vis a realidade socioeconômica e os movimentos políticos da sociedade francesa da virada do século XIX para o século XX. Conclui-se que a doutrina do solidarismo encontra-se na origem da construção e da consolidação do Estado-providência.
Sociologia do direito em versus com a dogmática jurídica 2
Authors: Da Silva Artur Stamford
Published: April 2018

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VIRGIN COCONUT OIL MODULATES TCD4+ AND TCD8+ CELL PROFILE OF DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED IMMUNE-SUPPRESSED RATS
Authors: Silalahi Jansen , Rosidah Rosidah , Rosidah Rosidah , Yuandani Yuandani , Yuandani Yuandani , Satria Denny , Satria Denny
Published: April 2018

Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a drug of choice in many cancer therapies. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is one of nutraceutical which has many biology activities. This current study was carried out to investigate the VCO activity in modulating TCD4+, and TCD8+ cells profile toward rats which induced by DOX.Methods: A total of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups consisting of five rats each as follows: Group 1, receiving oral saline 10 mL Kg BW (control group); Group 2, receiving oral saline 10 mL/kg BW; and Group 3, receiving VCO 5 mL/kg BW. Group 2 and 3 were administered with DOX intramuscularly at dose 4.67 mg/kg BW at day 1 and 4 to suppressed immune functions.Results: Treatment of VCO 5 mL/kg BW succeeded in reducing a side effect of DOX based on increasing the TCD4+ and TCD8+ blood level.Conclusion: The results reveal that VCO could increase the level of TCD4+ and TCD8+ in rats which induced by DOX.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DOUBLE DIVISOR RATIO SPECTRA DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD FOR TERNARY MIXTURE OF GUAIFENESIN, DEXTROMETHORPHAN HBR, AND DIPHENHYDRAMINE HCL IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Adriani Fitria , Muchlisyam Muchlisyam , Sinaga Siti Morin
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study aimed to develop spectrophotometry method by double divisor ratio spectra derivative to determine the levels of guaifenesin (GUA), dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DMP), and diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) in tablet dosage form using ethanol as solvent.Methods: The method is based on the use of the coincident spectra of the derivative of the ratio spectra obtained using a double divisor (sum of two spectra) and measuring at either the maximum or minimum wavelengths. Then, the method was applied to determine the levels of GUA, DMP, and DPH in tablet dosage form.Results: The application of double divisor ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometry method for the determination of GUA, DMP, and DPH was performed on the first derivative at Δλ 2 (λ 280.0 nm, λ 286.1 nm, and 260.2 nm, respectively). The selection of wavelengths based on wavelengths gives the best result. The mean % recoveries were found to be in 100.60%, 99.95%, and 101.74% for GUA, DMP, and DPH, respectively.Conclusion: The method is successfully applied to analyze GUA, DMP, and DPH in pharmaceutical formulation with no interference from excipients as indicated by the recovery study. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range.
ANTICANCER EFFECT OF AFRICAN LEAVES (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA DEL.) TO T47D CELL RESISTANT
Authors: Lifiani Rialita , Harahap Urip , Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun , Satria Denny
Published: April 2018

Objective: African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del) have medical effect to threat many kind of diseases, and recently, it is suggested have anticancer effect. Therefore, this study is held to testing anticancer activity of extract African leaves to T47D cell resistant.Method: Cytotoxic activity was determined in vitro used 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide method. Analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis were determined with flow cytometry method.Results: Examination cytotoxicity of extract n-hexana African leaves (ENDA), extract ethyl acetate African leaves (EEADA), and extract ethanol African leaves (EEDA) to T47D cell were showed with IC50 values 164.85±1.88 μg/mL for ENDA; 55.50±0.79 μg/mL for EEADA and 311.72±4.15 μg/mL for EEDA. Therefore, EEADA has the most active activity as anticancer. Moleculer evolution assay produced T47D cell resistant. Examination toxicity of EEADA to T47D-cell resistant showed IC50 values 59.19±0.55 μg/mL. EEADA might able inhibit cell cycle at G0-G1 phase and increased apoptosis of T47D cell resistant.Conclusion: This study shows that EEDA can be developed as cochemotheraphy to breast cancer with inhibits cel cycle and increase apoptosis.
CYTOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL FRACTION OF COLEUS AMBOINICUS LOUR. LEAVES AGAINST VERO CELLS INDUCED BY H2O2
Authors: Haryani Reny , Harahap Urip , Masfria Masfria , Satria Denny
Published: April 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the cytoprotective activity of Coleus amboinicus Lour. leaves ethanol fraction (EtF) in Vero cells which induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).Methods: Cytoprotective activity was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, apoptosis activity was analyzed by flow cytometry, and expression of radical spesies oxygen (ROS) was observed by imunocytochemistry.Result: The EtF (100 μg/mL) was showed the highest percent viability 74.42±0.28% using MTT method. Furthermore, the EtF was increased viability of Vero cell after induced with 0.8 mM H2O2 and EtF was decreased the expression of ROS.Conclusion: Based on the description, EtF has cytoprotective activity towards Vero cells which induced by 0.8 mM H2O2 .
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ALKALOID FRACTIONS OF ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM DC. FRUITS WITH 1,1-DIPHENYL-2-PICRYLHYDRAZYL ASSAY
Authors: Rosidah Rosidah , Zaitun Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa , Haro Ginda , Masri Puteri , Satria Denny
Published: April 2018

Objective: Antioxidants are vital substances which possess the ability to protect the body from damage caused by free radical-induced oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to determine antioxidant activities of alkaloid fractions of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. fruits.Methods: Z. acanthopodium DC. fruit was extracted by maceration. Ethanol extract was fractionated with liquid-liquid extraction using n-hexane and chloroform at pH 3, 7, 9, and 11 to obtained alkaloid fractions. Antioxidant activity for extract and fractions was determined with 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl.Results: The IC50 of extract and fractions was 101.11±0.11, 273.24±0.12, 116.62±0.04, 61.12±0.01, 23.15±0.01, and 112.39±0.04 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: The results reveal that alkaloid fractions of Z. acanthopodium DC. fruit have very strong antioxidant potential. Our further study is to isolate the alkaloid compounds.
THE DIFFERENCES OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS BY GENDER IN PEOPLE WITH PSORIASIS
Authors: Fransiska Annisa , Husada M Surya , Effendy Elmeida
Published: April 2018

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the differences of depressive symptoms by gender in people with psoriasis.Methods: This study was a comparative analytical study with cross-sectional approach, the sampling techniques using non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling techniques types. Place of study: Psoriasis foundation Medan research time: January 2014–March 2014. Every patient who meets the criteria of psoriasis vulgaris patients aged 16–60 years, disease duration >6 months, able to read and write, cooperative and willing to participate in the study, did not suffer severe medical illness, did not suffer from other mental disorders, and not using illicit substances included in the study, and then, to assess depressive symptoms using a questionnaire beck depression inventory-II.Results: A total of 80 patients were evenly split into groups of men and women have the highest life characteristics at 16–38 years (55% and 72.5%). Highest education in higher education both 95% and the severity of depressive symptoms was also a lot of artifacts on minimal depressive symptoms (82.5% and 72.5%). Cross-table test showed no significant difference in depressive symptoms between male and women (p>0.05).Conclusion: Overall in people with psoriasis there was no significant difference of depressive symptoms by gender for the entire data.
ANALYSIS ON CALCIUM SOLUBILITY IN KIDNEY STONES (IN VITRO) AND DIURETIC EFFECT (IN VIVO) USING CORN SILK (ZEA MAYS L.) INFUSE
Authors: Pardede Tuty Roida , Muchlisyam Muchlisyam
Published: April 2018

Objective: Investigation has been carried out about infuse of corn silk (Zea mays L.) concerning the solubility of kidney stone in vitro and the diuretic effect in vivo. Methods: The methodology of research conducted in the form of dissolving kidney stones in corn silk infuse with a concentration of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%, then incubated at 37°C for 4 h. The solubility of calcium is known by measuring the levels of early calcium and after incubated with kidney stones. Potassium (K) is a substance that can dissolve kidney stones in infuse and also measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The diuretic effect study used male rats which were divided into 7 groups that consisted of 1 positive control (treated with furosemide), 1 negative control treated with CMC Na 0.5 % and 5 groups treated with infuse of corn silk in 5 different concentration (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%).Results: Increase in calcium levels after incubation with kidney stone using corn silk infuse with various concentrations. The levels of Ca dissolved in the infuse of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively, were 2.2600 μg/ml, 5.5733 μg/ml, 7.9267 μg/ml, 10.9233 μg/ml, and 8.7667 μg/ml. It was found that the urine volume for 24 h was significant with 2%, 8%, and 10% corn silk infuse.Conclusion: Infuse of corn silk could decrease kidney stones, and it was diuretic. This research supported the aim of traditional corn silk decoction for the same intention.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-AGING AND ANTI-ACNE EFFECT OF ANDALIMAN (ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM DC.) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT PEEL OFF GEL MASK
Authors: T Ismanelly Hanum , Laila Lia
Published: April 2018

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the anti-aging and anti-acne effect of and aliman ethanolic extract (AEE) in the form of peel off gel mask (PGM) on human skin. Methods: The formulation of PGM base was consisted of polyvinyl alcohol, glycerine, methylparaben, propylparaben, Carbomer 940, and distilled water (blank). The AEE (30%) was formulated in the PGM base and labeled as F1. The anti-aging and anti-acne tests were conducted by comparing the blank and the F1. The evaluation of anti-aging activity was conducted using skin analyzer apparatus. The aging parameters were moisture, evenness, pore size, black spot, and wrinkle of the skin. The anti-acne evaluation was conducted on color, shape, volume, and number of acne. The data were collected for 4 weeks. Results: The anti-aging evaluation of andaliman PGM showed that the and AEE PGM could pretend the skin moisture, skin evenness, small pore size, and declined in number of black spot and wrinkle. The anti-acne evaluation showed the healing of acne after 4 weeks treatment. Conclusion: It is concluded that and AEE PGM can be used as an effective anti-aging and anti-acne dosage form.
ANTIHYPERURICEMIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI LEAVES ON POTASSIUM OXONATED-INDUCED RATS
Authors: Asiah Mona , Rosidah Rosidah , Rosidah Rosidah , Yuandani Yuandani , Yuandani Yuandani
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of extract of Syzygium cumini on serum uric acid levels of rats induced by potassium oxonate.Methods: A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, consist of one normal group (without treatment) and five groups that were induced by potassium oxonate 250 mg/kg bw intraperitoneally for 7 days. The ethanol extract of S. cumini leaves dose (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw) was administered orally 1 h after the potassium oxonate exposure during 7 days. On day 8, blood samples were collected for serum uric acid determination.Result: Ethanol extract of S. cumini leaves at doses of 100 mg/kg bw, 200 mg/kg bw, and 400 mg/kg bw significantly reduced serum uric acid as compared to negative control group of carboxymethylcellulose 0.5%.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of S. cumini leaves can be used as antihyperuricemic agent.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT BANANA STONE AND MECHANISM
Authors: Sitorus Panal , Hepni Dwi Suryanto,
Published: April 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of antibacterial activity of the fraction of banana stone and its mechanism.Methods: The antibacterial activity test was performed using the diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the disc paper.Results: The results of antibacterial activity test showed that ethyl acetate fraction was more effective against bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes compared to n-hexane fraction.Conclusion: The resulting cellular metabolite leak showed that cell leakage in the three bacteria due to ethyl acetate fraction had leaked more protein than nucleic acid, while the leakage of more dissolved K+ ion than Ca2 + ions.