bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wt1 controls retinoic acid signalling in embryonic epicardium through transcriptional activation of Raldh2
Authors: Guadix Juan Antonio , Ruiz-Villalba Adrián , Lettice Laura , Velecela Victor , Muñoz-Chápuli Ramón , Hastie Nicholas D. , Pérez-Pomares José María , Martínez-Estrada Ofelia M.
Published: February 2011

Epicardial-derived signals are key regulators of cardiac embryonic development. An important part of these signals is known to relate to a retinoic acid (RA) receptor-dependent mechanism. RA is a potent morphogen synthesised by Raldh enzymes, Raldh2 being the predominant one in mesodermal tissues. Despite the importance of epicardial retinoid signalling in the heart, the molecular mechanisms controlling cardiac Raldh2 transcription remain unknown. In the current study, we show that Wt1-null epicardial cells display decreased expression of Raldh2 both in vivo and in vitro. Using a RA-responsive reporter, we have confirmed that Wt1-null epicardial cells actually show reduced synthesis of RA. We also demonstrate that Raldh2 is a direct transcriptional target of Wt1 in epicardial cells. A secondary objective of this study was to identify the status of RA-related receptors previously reported to be critical to epicardial biology (PDGFRα,β; RXRα). PDGFRα and PDGFRβ mRNA and protein levels are downregulated in the absence of Wt1, but only Pdgfra expression is rescued by the addition of RA to Wt1-null epicardial cells. RXRα mRNA levels are not affected in Wt1-null epicardial cells. Taken together, our results indicate that Wt1 critically regulates epicardial RA signalling via direct activation of the Raldh2 gene, and identify a role for Wt1 in the regulation of morphogen receptors involved in the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of epicardial and epicardially-derived cells (EPDC).
synMuv B proteins antagonize germline fate in the intestine and ensure C. elegans survival
Authors: Petrella Lisa N. , Wang Wenchao , Spike Caroline A. , Rechtsteiner Andreas , Reinke Valerie , Strome Susan
Published: February 2011

Previous studies demonstrated that a subset of synMuv B mutants ectopically misexpress germline-specific P-granule proteins in their somatic cells, suggesting a failure to properly orchestrate a soma/germline fate decision. Surprisingly, this fate confusion does not affect viability at low to ambient temperatures. Here, we show that, when grown at high temperature, a majority of synMuv B mutants irreversibly arrest at the L1 stage. High temperature arrest (HTA) is accompanied by upregulation of many genes characteristic of germ line, including genes encoding components of the synaptonemal complex and other meiosis proteins. HTA is suppressed by loss of global regulators of germline chromatin, including MES-4, MRG-1, ISW-1 and the MES-2/3/6 complex, revealing that arrest is caused by somatic cells possessing a germline-like chromatin state. Germline genes are preferentially misregulated in the intestine, and necessity and sufficiency tests demonstrate that the intestine is the tissue responsible for HTA. We propose that synMuv B mutants fail to erase or antagonize an inherited germline chromatin state in somatic cells during embryonic and early larval development. As a consequence, somatic cells gain a germline program of gene expression in addition to their somatic program, leading to a mixed fate. Somatic expression of germline genes is enhanced at elevated temperature, leading to developmentally compromised somatic cells and arrest of newly hatched larvae.
Specific insulin-like peptides encode sensory information to regulate distinct developmental processes
Authors: Cornils Astrid , Gloeck Mario , Chen Zhunan , Zhang Yun , Alcedo Joy
Published: February 2011

An insulin-like signaling pathway mediates the environmental influence on the switch between the C. elegans developmental programs of reproductive growth versus dauer arrest. However, the specific role of endogenous insulin-like peptide (ILP) ligands in mediating the switch between these programs remains unknown. C. elegans has 40 putative insulin-like genes, many of which are expressed in sensory neurons and interneurons, raising the intriguing possibility that ILPs encode different environmental information to regulate the entry into, and exit from, dauer arrest. These two developmental switches can have different regulatory requirements: here we show that the relative importance of three different ILPs varies between dauer entry and exit. Not only do we find that one ILP, ins-1, ensures dauer arrest under harsh environments and that two other ILPs, daf-28 and ins-6, ensure reproductive growth under good conditions, we also show that daf-28 and ins-6 have non-redundant functions in regulating these developmental switches. Notably, daf-28 plays a more primary role in inhibiting dauer entry, whereas ins-6 has a more significant role in promoting dauer exit. Moreover, the switch into dauer arrest surprisingly shifts ins-6 transcriptional expression from a set of dauer-inhibiting sensory neurons to a different set of neurons, where it promotes dauer exit. Together, our data suggest that specific ILPs generate precise responses to dauer-inducing cues, such as pheromones and low food levels, to control development through stimulus-regulated expression in different neurons.
The implementation of a system for managing analytical quality in networked laboratories
Authors: Jassam Nuthar , Lindsay Chris , Harrison Kevin , Thompson Douglas , Bosomworth Mike P , Barth Julian H
Published: February 2011

Background

In a network of laboratories analytical variability between instruments, even of the same type, may exist for reasons beyond the control of laboratory staff. Controlling variability is a prerequisite for the application of shared reference ranges and for ensuring the transferability of patient test results. Controlling variability requires a robust, non-conventional quality system to detect poor performance of analysers that are geographically distant. Essential to this quality system is a set of well-defined quality specifications.

Methods

The approach used in our study started with (1) selection of a model for quality specifications based on biological variation; the ‘three-level model’ (TLM) was selected on the basis of its flexibility to accommodate various levels of analytical performance; (2) determination of the performance characteristics of the 71 analytes measured in core biochemistry in terms of imprecision and bias; (3) defining quality requirements in the form of imprecision, bias and total error for 71 analytes measured routinely in core biochemistry; and (4) developing software to assist a consistent wide application of the quality specifications and to monitor analytical indices to the common quality specifications.

Results

In this paper we describe how we have implemented this model across our network. Forty-six of the 71 analytes in our core laboratory repertoire were allocated to the TLM. We were able to demonstrate equivalence of results on all analysers, for 42 out of 46 analytes allocated to this model.

Conclusions

We propose that other networked laboratories should investigate the suitability of this quality system for use in their network.
Clinical outcome indicators, disease prevalence and test request variability in primary care
Authors: O'Kane Maurice J , Casey Lee , Lynch P L Mark , McGowan Noel , Corey John
Published: February 2011

Aim

To describe differences in biochemistry test request rates (adjusted for practice size) between general practices and to investigate whether differences in HbA1c and thyroid function test request rates are related either to the practice prevalence of hypothyroidism and diabetes or to Quality and Outcome Framework (QOF) scores.

Methods

Information on test request rates, prevalence of diabetes and hypothyroidism, and QOF data over a one-year period were obtained from 58 practices covering a population of 284,609 patients. Spearman's rank correlation tests were used to investigate relationships between adjusted test request rates.

Results

There was wide variability in adjusted test request rates (lowest for HbA1c and highest for immunoglobulins). The ranking of practices for different tests was highly correlated. There was no relationship between adjusted test request rates for HbA1c and thyroid function and the reported prevalence of diabetes and hypothyroidism, respectively, nor was there any relationship with QOF scores in diabetes and hypothyroidism.

Conclusions

There is wide variability in test request rates in general practice that do not appear to be related to disease prevalence or crude clinical outcome measures.
Silvanus Bevan the ‘Quaker FRS’ (1691–1765) apothecary with a note on his contribution to the founding of the pharmaceutical company Allen and Hanbury
Authors: Morris John S
Published: February 2011

Silvanus Bevan was born in Swansea, South Wales, moved to London where he trained as an apothecary, and then in 1715 opened a business at Plough Court off Lombard Street in London. As a committed Quaker he was renowned for honesty and fair-trading and consequently he prospered. In the 1730s he took his brother Timothy as a partner. Silvanus Bevan had practised medicine at his Plough Court pharmacy and, with the arrival of his brother became less involved in pharmacy and increasingly interested in medicine. In 1725 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society. Within the family the pharmacy at Plough Court continued to prosper and became the forerunner of the pharmaceutical company Allen and Hanbury. Marriage into other Quaker families linked Silvanus Bevan with the banking firm Barclays.
Playing Offense vs. Defense: The Effects of Team Strategic Orientation on Team Process in Competitive Environments
Authors: Woolley Anita Williams
Published: February 2011

Organizations increasingly rely on teams to formulate plans and respond in critical situations. However, current models of team process are insensitive to the effects of team strategic orientation. This paper expands existing work on team process and strategic orientation to introduce and explicate the constructs of offensive and defensive strategic orientations in teams. It takes advantage of a rare opportunity to observe eight counterterrorism teams in the intelligence community that explicitly adopted an offensive or defensive strategic orientation in evaluating terrorist threats. The resulting inductive model suggests that the strength of a team's strategic orientation was enhanced or inhibited by its perception of oppositional strength and the problem scope it assumed in confronting the adversary. This in turn had effects on the work strategy the teams adopted, the extent to which they relied on internal versus external knowledge, and the norms for effort that evolved within the teams. The observations suggest broader theoretical implications for research on teams, as the “offense” and “defense” strategic orientations influence fundamental team processes related to effort, performance strategy, and use of member knowledge and skill.
Visible Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR): A New Technique for High-Strength Pigment Analyses
Authors: Lee Kathryn A. , Rich Danny C.
Published: February 2011

A visible-attenuated total reflection (visible-ATR) device was designed to provide a method for directly determining the relative tint strength in high-strength inks. This device showed good reproducibility and the spectra could be correlated to known values of relative tint strength in viscous, highly pigmented inks well within the industry-acceptable error (±5% tint strength). The results of the visible-ATR measurements were compared to those from mid-infrared (mid-IR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and the capabilities of those techniques for determining ink strength. Mid-IR analysis was able to directly quantify relative tint strengths, as well as correlating to known values, and to qualify ink products by spectral matching. NIR analysis was able to quantify the tint strength based on the vehicle concentrations in the NIR region. The visible region of the NIR spectrometer was not able to be used for quantification. The vis-ATR and mid-IR spectra showed changes over the time scale of minutes, indicating self-stratification of the pigment and varnish.
Low-Frequency Spectroscopic Analysis of Monomeric and Fibrillar Lysozyme
Authors: Zakaria Hidayatul A. , Fischer Bernd M. , Bradley Andrew P. , Jones Inke , Abbott Derek , Middelberg Anton P. J. , Falconer Robert J.
Published: February 2011

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to generate far-infrared and low-frequency spectral measurements of monomeric lysozyme and lysozyme fibrils. The formation of lysozyme fibrils was verified by the Thioflavin T assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was evident in the FT-IR spectra that between 150 and 350 cm−1 the two spectra diverge, with the lysozyme fibrils showing higher absorbance intensity than the monomeric form. The broad absorption phenomenon is likely due to light scattered from the fibrillar architecture of lysozyme fibrils as supported by simulation of Rayleigh light scattering. The lack of discrete phonon-like peaks suggest that far-infrared spectroscopy cannot detect vibrational modes between the highly ordered hydrogen-bonded beta-pleated sheets of the lysozyme subunit.
On a Class of Ternary Inclusion-Exclusion Polynomials
Authors: Bachman Gennady , Moree Pieter
Published: February 2011

A ternary inclusion-exclusion polynomial is a polynomial of the form

where
A Genetically Defined Morphologically and Functionally Unique Subset of 5-HT Neurons in the Mouse Raphe Nuclei
Authors: Kiyasova Vera , Fernandez Sebastian P. , Laine Jeanne , Stankovski Lea , Muzerelle Aude , Doly Stephane , Gaspar Patricia
Published: February 2011

Heterogeneity of central serotonin (5-HT) raphe neurons is suggested by numerous lines of evidence, but its genetic basis remains elusive. The transcription factor Pet1 is required for the acquisition of serotonergic identity in a majority of neurons in the raphe nuclei. Nevertheless, a subset of 5-HT neurons differentiates in Pet1 knock-out mice. We show here that these residual 5-HT neurons outline a unique subpopulation of raphe neurons with highly selective anatomical targets and characteristic synaptic differentiations. In Pet1 knock-out mice, 5-HT innervation strikingly outlines the brain areas involved in stress responses with dense innervation to the basolateral amygdala, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and the intralaminar thalamic nuclei. In these regions, 5-HT terminals establish asymmetric synaptic junctions. This target selectivity could not be related to altered growth of the remaining 5-HT neurons, as indicated by axon tracing and cell culture analyses. The residual 5-HT axon terminals are functional with maintained release propertiesin vitroandin vivo. The functional consequence of this uneven distribution of 5-HT innervation on behavior was characterized. Pet1 knock-out mice showed decreased anxiety behavior in novelty exploration and increased fear responses to conditioned aversive cues. Overall, our findings lead us to propose the existence of Pet1-dependent and Pet1-resistant 5-HT neurons targeting different brain centers that might delineate the anatomical basis for a dual serotonergic control on stress responses.
TrkB (Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B) Controls the Assembly and Maintenance of GABAergic Synapses in the Cerebellar Cortex
Authors: Chen Albert I. , Nguyen Cindy N. , Copenhagen David R. , Badurek Sylvia , Minichiello Liliana , Ranscht Barbara , Reichardt Louis F.
Published: February 2011

Inhibitory interneurons play a critical role in coordinating the activity of neural circuits. To explore the mechanisms that direct the organization of inhibitory circuits, we analyzed the involvement of tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) in the assembly and maintenance of GABAergic inhibitory synapses between Golgi and granule cells in the mouse cerebellar cortex. We show that TrkB acts directly within each cell-type to regulate synaptic differentiation. TrkB is required not only for assembly, but also maintenance of these synapses and acts, primarily, by regulating the localization of synaptic constituents. Postsynaptically, TrkB controls the localization of a scaffolding protein, gephyrin, but acts at a step subsequent to the localization of a cell adhesion molecule, Neuroligin-2. Importantly, TrkB is required for the localization of an Ig superfamily cell adhesion molecule, Contactin-1, in Golgi and granule cells and the absence of Contactin-1 also results in deficits in inhibitory synaptic development. Thus, our findings demonstrate that TrkB controls the assembly and maintenance of GABAergic synapses and suggest that TrkB functions, in part, through promoting synaptic adhesion.
Synapse Loss in Olfactory Local Interneurons Modifies Perception
Authors: Acebes Angel , Martín-Peña Alfonso , Chevalier Valérie , Ferrús Alberto
Published: February 2011

Synapse loss correlates with cognitive decline in aging and most neurological pathologies. Sensory perception changes often represent subtle dysfunctions that precede the onset of a neurodegenerative disease. However, a cause–effect relationship between synapse loss and sensory perception deficits is difficult to prove and quantify due to functional and structural adaptation of neural systems. Here we modified a PI3K/AKT/GSK3 signaling pathway to reduce the number of synapses—without affecting the number of cells—in five subsets of local interneurons of theDrosophilaolfactory glomeruli and measured the behavioral effects on olfactory perception. The neuron subsets were chosen under the criteria of GABA or ChAT expression. The reduction of one subset of synapses, mostly inhibitory, converted the responses to all odorants and concentrations tested as repulsive, while the reduction of another subset, mostly excitatory, led to a shift toward attraction. However, the simultaneous reduction of both synapse subsets restored normal perception. One group of local interneurons proved unaffected by the induced synapse loss in the perception of some odorants, indicating a functional specialization of these cells. Using genetic tools for space and temporal control of synapse number decrease, we show that the perception effects are specific to the local interneurons, rather than the mushroom bodies, and are not based on major structural changes elicited during development. These findings demonstrate that synapse loss cause sensory perception changes and suggest that normal perception is based on a balance between excitation and inhibition.
Genome Rearrangements in Maize Induced by Alternative Transposition of ReversedAc/DsTermini
Authors: Yu Chuanhe , Zhang Jianbo , Peterson Thomas
Published: February 2011

Alternative transposition can induce genome rearrangements, including deletions, inverted duplications, inversions, and translocations. To investigate the types and frequency of the rearrangements elicited by a pair of reversed Ac/Ds termini, we isolated and analyzed 100 new mutant alleles derived from two parental alleles that both contain an intact Ac and a fractured Ac (fAc) structure at the maize p1 locus. Mutants were characterized by PCR and sequencing; the results show that nearly 90% (89/100) of the mutant alleles represent structural rearrangements including deletions, inversions, translocations, or rearrangement of the intertransposon sequence (ITS). Among 37 deletions obtained, 20 extend into the external flanking sequences, while 17 delete portions of the intertransposon sequence. Interestingly, one deletion allele that contains only a single nucleotide between the retained Ac and fAc termini is not competent for further alternative transposition events. We propose a new model for the formation of intertransposon deletions through insertion of reversed transposon termini into sister-chromatid sequences. These results document the types and frequencies of genome rearrangements induced by alternative transposition of reversed Ac/Ds termini in maize.
Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter and Fungal Spores on Lung Function in Schoolchildren
Authors: Chen Bing-Yu , Chao H. Jasmine , Chan Chang-Chuan , Lee Chung-Te , Wu Hung-Pin , Cheng Tsun-Jen , Chen Chu-Chih , Guo Yue Leon
Published: February 2011

OBJECTIVES:

Studies examining the combined health effects of both have been relatively lacking. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate whether exposure to air pollutants and fungal spores might exacerbate childhood respiratory health.

METHODS:

Study participants were 100 elementary and middle-school students in Taipei County, Taiwan. A structured respiratory health questionnaire was administered in September 2007, followed by monthly spirometry from October 2007 to June 2008. During the study period, complete daily monitoring data for criteria air pollutants were obtained from the Environmental Protection Administration monitoring station and Aerosol Supersite. Fungal spores were measured from Sunday to Saturday in the week when lung-function measurements were made for each study month. Lung-function measurements were compared with air pollutants and fungal spores using mixed-effects models with 1-day-lag modeling.

RESULTS:

The particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less level 1 day before the lung function measurements was negatively associated with forced vital capacity. The fungal spore level was negatively associated with both forced expiratory vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second. O3 level was negatively associated with forced expiratory flow at 25%, 50%, and 75% of forced vital capacity, and average expiratory flow over the middle half of forced vital capacity.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study suggested that exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less and fungal spores might cause adverse effects on the vital capacity of schoolchildren. Exposure to O3 adversely affected small airway function.
Ictal Asystole and Anti–N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Antibody Encephalitis
Authors: Millichap John J. , Goldstein Joshua L. , Laux Linda C. , Nordli Douglas R. , Stack Cynthia V. , Wainwright Mark S.
Published: February 2011

Anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody encephalitis is a recently identified autoimmune disorder that is increasingly recognized in children. Most cases occur in girls and women and may be paraneoplastic with an associated ovarian teratoma. Characteristic clinical features include neuropsychiatric symptoms, dyskinesias, decreased consciousness, and autonomic instability. We report the first case of asystole associated with temporal lobe seizures in this disorder and highlight the need for careful monitoring for this potentially fatal complication. A 15-year-old previously healthy girl presented with focal seizures and personality changes that progressed to periods of agitation and confusion alternating with catatonia. Anti-NMDAR antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Twenty-six days after initial presentation, new seizures developed characterized by bradycardia and oxygen desaturation. Continuous video-electroencephalogram monitoring captured 3 seizures with left-temporal onset and associated asystole. An ovarian teratoma was diagnosed by pelvic ultrasound and computed tomography, and surgical resection was followed by gradual improvement in her neuropsychiatric symptoms. Treatment with phenobarbital beginning on day 26 lead to the cessation of seizures. However, asymptomatic bradycardia and pauses of 3 seconds continued. After insertion of a demand pacemaker on day 46, there were no further cardiac events. The patient was also treated with 2 courses of intravenous immunoglobulin. Outpatient follow-up at 4 months revealed near-complete neurologic recovery and no cardiac events. To our knowledge, ictal asystole has not previously been described as a complication of anti-NMDAR encephalitis; it is a preventable cause of death in this emerging pediatric disorder, which presents with protean symptoms and is easily misdiagnosed.
Ohio Statewide Quality-Improvement Collaborative to Reduce Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants
Authors: Kaplan Heather C. , Lannon Carole , Walsh Michele C. , Donovan Edward F. ,   for the Ohio Perinatal Quality Collaborative
Published: February 2011

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to reduce late-onset bacterial infections in infants born at 22 to 29 weeks' gestation by using collaborative quality-improvement methods to implement evidence-based catheter care. We hypothesized that these methods would result in a 50% reduction in nosocomial infection.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We conducted an interrupted time-series study among 24 Ohio NICUs. The intervention began in September 2008 and continued through December 2009. Sites used the Institute for Healthcare Improvement Breakthrough Series quality-improvement model to facilitate implementation of evidence-based catheter care. Data were collected monthly for all catheter insertions and for at least 10 observations of indwelling catheter care. NICUs also submitted monthly data on catheter-days, patient-days, and episodes of infection. Data were analyzed by using statistical process control methods.

RESULTS:

During the intervention, NICUs submitted information on 1916 infants. Of the 242 infections reported, 69% were catheter associated. Compliance with catheter-insertion components was >90% by April 2009. Compliance with components of evidence-based indwelling catheter care reached 80.4% by December 2009. There was a significant reduction in the proportion of infants with at least 1 late-onset infection from a baseline of 18.2% to 14.3%.

CONCLUSIONS:

There was a 20% reduction in the incidence of late-onset infection after the intervention, but the magnitude was less than hypothesized, perhaps because compliance with components of evidence-based care of indwelling catheters remained <90%. Because nearly one-third of infections were not catheter associated, improvement may require attention to other aspects of care such as skin integrity and nutrition.
The Influence of Signal Complexity on Speaker Identification
Authors: Betancourt Kyna Sherman , Bahr Ruth Huntley
Published: February 2011

Multiple factors may affect a listener’s ability to identify a particular voice. For example, speaker eff ects such as language and dialect have been shown to negatively impact speaker identifi cation accuracy (Bahr and Frisch 2002, Doty 1998). Mechanical eff ects such as communication channel (i.e. cell phone, land line) have also been shown to negatively impact voice identifi cation (Künzel 2001). However, the contribution of these factors to signal complexity as a whole has not been well-defi ned. Therefore, it is the purpose of this investigation to assess the effect of signal complexity on speaker identification. A paired comparison listening task was used to evaluate monolingual listeners’ performance when channel (lab quality, landline phone and cell phone transmissions), language (English vs. Spanish), and dialect (different dialects of Spanish) were varied. Accuracy, reaction time, and d-prime scores were use to measure the effect of signal complexity on speaker identifi cation accuracy. Results indicated
that listeners were less accurate when the signal was most complex. These findings were across all three measures. The role of signal complexity in the forensic speaker identification process will be described.
Genetics of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Carpena Mariana P. , Rados Dimitris V. , Sortica Denise A. , Souza Bianca M. de , Reis André Fernandes , Canani Luis Henrique , Crispim Daisy
Published: February 2011

The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus has led to a growing number of chronic complications including diabetic nephropathy (DN). In addition to its high prevalence, DN is associated with high morbidity and mortality especially due to cardiovascular diseases. It is well established that genetic factors play a role in the pathogenesis of DN and genetically susceptible individuals can develop it after being exposed to environmental factors. DN is probably a complex, polygenic disease. Two main strategies have been used to identify genes associated to DN: analysis of candidate genes, and more recently genome-wide scan. Great efforts have been made to identify these main genes, but results are still inconsistent with different genes associated to a small effect in specific populations. The identification of the main genes would allow the detection of those individuals at high risk for DN and better understanding of its pathophysiology as well.
Predição de parâmetros e valores genéticos para caracteres de crescimento e produção de látex em progênies de seringueira
Authors: Costa Reginaldo Brito da , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de , Gonçalves Paulo de Souza , Roa Raul Alffonso Rodrigues , Feitosa Kênia Cristine de Oliveira
Published: February 2011

O trabalho objetivou estimar parâmetros e valores genéticos para os caracteres altura, diâmetro, produção de látex e produtividade de progênies de seringueira. As progênies meio-irmãos foram estabelecidas sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 28 tratamentos (progênies), cinco repetições e dez plantas por parcela. Aos três anos de idade, as progênies foram avaliadas quanto aos caracteres: a) altura total (cm); b) diâmetro (mm); c) Produção de borracha seca (g) e produtividade (g cm-2). As estimativas dos coeficientes de herdabilidades individuais (0,33; 0,24 e 0,51) para os caracteres altura, diâmetro e produtividade, respectivamente, foram consideradas expressivas. Para o caráter produção de borracha seca, a estimativa do coeficiente de herdabilidade individual, no sentido restrito (9%), embora de baixa magnitude, revela excelente possibilidade de seleção, pois conduziram a estimativa da herdabilidade, em nível de médias de família, a um valor equivalente a 68%. A acurácia entre os valores genéticos preditos e os verdadeiros foram de 0,80 para altura, 0,76 para diâmetro, 0,62 para produção de borracha seca e 0,86 para produtividade. As estimativas de herdabilidades individuais associadas às de médias de progênies podem maximizar os ganhos genéticos com a seleção na população. A inclusão do caráter produtividade foi promissora e deve ser utilizada na seqüência das avaliações, subsidiando o programa de melhoramento genético da espécie no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul.
Consequências da remoção do limbo foliar em diferentes estádios reprodutivos da cultura do milho em duas épocas de semeadura
Authors: Lima Tiago Geraldo de , Pinho Renzo Garcia Von , Pereira José Luiz de Andrade Rezende , Brito André Humberto De , Von Pinho Édila Vilela de Resende
Published: February 2011

Em áreas tropicais há poucas informações disponíveis sobre o efeito da desfolha em milho, principalmente quando ocorre no período do enchimento de grãos. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar os efeitos da remoção do limbo foliar durante o período de enchimento de grãos. Os experimentos foram instalados em 12/11/2005 e 21/12/2005 utilizando-se os híbridos GNZ 2004 e P 30F33. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com três repetições, em esquema fatorial, sendo duas posições de desfolha (acima e abaixo da espiga), duas porcentagens de desfolha (50% e 100%) e quatro estádios reprodutivos (R1, R2, R3 e R4), mais um tratamento adicional, no qual não foi realizada a retirada das folhas. A remoção do limbo foliar acima da espiga resultou em maiores perdas na produção de grãos em relação à remoção do limbo abaixo da espiga. O efeito da remoção do limbo foliar não variou com os estádios fenológicos considerados. Os efeitos na produtividade de grãos, da remoção do limbo foliar abaixo da espiga foram similares à remoção de 50% do limbo foliar acima da espiga em todos estádios fenológicos considerados. O efeito da remoção do limbo foliar sobre a porcentagem de plantas acamadas e quebradas foi de pequena magnitude.
New data on the natural history and description of the immatures of Fulgeochlizus bruchi, a bioluminescent beetle from Central Brazil (Elateridae, Pyrophorini)
Authors: Rosa Simone Policena , Costa Cleide , Higashi Neide
Published: February 2011

The mature larva and pupa of Fulgeochlizus bruchi (Candèze, 1896) are described and illustrated. Bioluminescent patterns are also given. Comments, new data on the first instar larva and natural history data are presented. The first instar larvae differ from the mature larvae mainly in their chaetotaxy, which is sparse and more symmetrically distributed.
Análise da atuação do enfermeiro na gerência de unidades básicas de saúde
Authors: Fernandes Marcelo Costa , Barros Adriana Sousa , Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da , Nóbrega Maria de Fátima Bastos , Silva Maria Rocineide Ferreira da , Torres Raimundo Augusto Martins
Published: February 2011

Objetivou-se analisar o trabalho do enfermeiro gerente, conhecer suas ações, verificar a importância atribuída ao planejamento e identificar fatores que interferem na gerência. Pesquisa descritiva, realizada em 10 unidades básicas de saúde de Fortaleza, CE com 10 enfermeiros, selecionados por ocuparem cargos de gerentes. A coleta dos dados deu-se em janeiro de 2008, através de entrevista estruturada. Desses a maioria era do sexo feminino na faixa etária de 37 a 57 anos. Para sete dos enfermeiros gerentes a gestão de pessoas e o planejamento é o mais importante. Relataram dificuldades quanto à composição incompleta das equipes, falta de capacitação profissional e carência de recursos financeiros. Essa pesquisa reúne informações relevantes para conhecimento e análise das ações gerenciais do enfermeiro na atenção básica.
Gestão participativa na educação permanente em saúde: olhar das enfermeiras
Authors: Medeiros Adriane Calvetti de , Pereira Queli Lisiane Castro , Siqueira Hedi Crecencia Heckler de , Cecagno Diana , Moraes Cristiane Lima
Published: February 2011

Este estudo de abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo conhecer as estratégias de gestão, com base na Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS). Os participantes da pesquisa foram seis enfermeiras assistenciais de uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados o Método de Círculo de Cultura de Freire. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho a agosto/2007. Os resultados apontam para o planejamento participativo e tomada de decisão como estratégias da EPS que promovem a autonomia, a valorização, a competência técnica e a construção do trabalho em equipe, em seu próprio percurso de aprendizagem.
Vantagem competitiva na gestão sustentável da cadeia de suprimentos: um metaestudo
Authors: Brito Renata Peregrino de , Berardi Patricia Calicchio
Published: February 2011

Questões vinculadas aos temas de responsabilidade social e de sustentabilidade vêm sendo cada vez mais recorrentes e representam desafios a serem trabalhados em diversas linhas de pesquisa e nas mais variadas formas de negócio. As abordagens vão do aspecto normativo à busca de desempenho superior e vantagem competitiva. Os desdobramentos na relação com os stakeholders são verificados na gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, foco de interesse do presente estudo. A metodologia é desenvolvida por meio de um metaestudo de artigos empíricos publicados. O objetivo é investigar se as estratégias socioambientais aplicadas à gestão da cadeia de suprimentos convergem para a gestão de stakeholders e o desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas (dynamic capabilities) e, por fim, se configuram uma fonte de vantagem competitiva para as empresas investigadas.
Estudantes surdos no ensino superior: reflexões sobre a inclusão
Authors: Bisol Cláudia Alquati , Valentini Carla Beatris , Simioni Janaína Lazzarotto , Zanchin Jaqueline , Dinham Robert
Published: February 2011

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a vivência universitária de estudantes surdos que frequentaram escolas bilíngues e se identificam com a cultura surda. O ponto de partida foi uma pesquisa de campo com cinco jovens - três moças e dois rapazes, com idades entre 21 e 27 anos - matriculados em cursos de graduação por no mínimo três semestres. O trabalho consistiu em entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas, aplicadas por uma bolsista surda e gravadas em vídeo e, depois, traduzidas para a língua portuguesa e submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados descrevem o desafio da adaptação dos sujeitos surdos a um universo majoritariamente ouvinte, as dificuldades de transitar entre a língua de sinais e a língua portuguesa, a necessidade de manter referenciais identitários valorizados aos olhos dos ouvintes, além da importância de reorganizar as estratégias de ensino e de avaliar a participação do intérprete de língua de sinais.
Modified atmosphere packaging extending the storage life of 'douradão' peach
Authors: Santana Ligia Regina Radomille de , Benedetti Benedito Carlos , Sigrist José Maria Monteiro , Sarantopóulos Claire Isabel Grígoli de Luca
Published: February 2011

'Douradão' peach is a perishable product and when cold stored is subject to chilling injury. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and cold storage on quality and storage life of these peaches. Fruits were packed in polypropylene (PP) trays and placed inside low density polyethylene (LDPE) bags (30, 50, 60, 75 μm thickness) with active modified atmosphere (10 kPa CO2 + 1.5kPa O2, balance N2). The control was made with peaches held in nonwrapped PP trays. Fruits were kept at 1 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) for 28 days and CO2 and O2 within packages was monitored every two days. After 14, 21 and 28 days, samples were withdrawn from MAP and kept in air at 25 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% RH for ripening. On the day of removal from the cold storage and after 4 days, peaches were evaluated for weight loss, decay incidence, flesh firmness, woolliness incidence, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and juice content. The results showed that MAP had influence on reducing weight loss and prevented postharvest decay. MAP of 1-2 kPa O2 and 3-6 kPa CO2 at 1 °C (from 50 and 60 μm LDPE films) were effective for keeping good quality of 'Douradão' peaches during 28 days of storage, the ripe fruits showed reduced incidence of woolliness, adequate juiciness and flesh firmness. Packages of 30 and 75 μm LDPE films were ineffective for reducing woolliness during cold storage. MAP fruits showed lower SSC and no relevant effect on TA. Control fruits did not present marketable conditions after 14 days of cold storage.
Achados de imagem por tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética do os styloideum em atleta sintomático
Authors: Gomes André Francisco , Paganella Vinícius Chissini , Paganella Mateus Chissini , Henkin Caroline Schwartz , Giostri Giana
Published: February 2011

Os styloideum é um ossículo acessório, imóvel, localizado dorsalmente no carpo, que representa uma variante anatômica. A associação entre os styloideum e dor no punho é conhecida clinicamente como "carpal boss syndrome". Os autores relatam um caso de os styloideum com edema ósseo trabecular no estudo por ressonância magnética em atleta jovem tenista, com revisão da literatura deste achado.
Proteinograma e teores de cobre, ferro e zinco no soro sanguíneo de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês com mastite experimental por Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Costa Nivaldo de Azevêdo , Simão Luis Carlos Valeriano , Santos Rogério Adriano dos , Afonso José Augusto Bastos , Fagliari José Jurandir , Cardoso Elyzabeth da Cruz , Soares Pierre Castro , Mendonça Carla Lopes de
Published: February 2011

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o proteinograma e os teores de cobre, ferro e zinco no soro sangüíneo de ovelhas com mastite induzida por cepa de campo de Staphylococcus aureus. Foram utilizadas 10 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, primíparas, recém-paridas, com aproximadamente dois anos de idade e bom estado nutricional. Inoculou-se na metade direita da glândula mamária 1,0x10(4) UFC/mL da bactéria, enquanto que a metade esquerda serviu como controle. Os animais foram acompanhados diariamente e a partir do diagnóstico clínico de mastite, procedeu-se colheita do material para realização do proteinograma sérico em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE) e para determinação do teor plasmático de fibrinogênio e das concentrações séricas de cobre, ferro e zinco em 16 momentos a saber: antes da inoculação (controle) e 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 84h, 96h, 108h, 120h, 132h, 168h, 180h, 288h e 336h após a inoculação (p.i.). Todas as ovelhas apresentaram quadro clínico de mastite, com perda da funcionalidade da glândula mamária. O proteinograma permitiu a identificação de 23 proteínas, cujos pesos moleculares (PM) variaram de 26.000 a 185.000 dáltons (Da), incluindo proteínas de fase aguda, IgG e IgA. Notou-se aumento significativo nas concentrações de haptoglobina e ceruloplasmina, assim como de IgG e IgA. Não se constatou alteração nos teores de antitripisina e de glicoproteína ácida .Verificou-se diminuição nos teores de ferro e zinco e elevação na concentração de cobre. Constatou-se correlação positiva entre o teor plasmático de fibrinogênio e as concentrações séricas de ceruloplasmina (r=0,74), a haptoglobina (r=0,62) e IgA(r=0,62). Estes resultados mostram a importância das proteínas de fase aguda ceruloplasmina e haptoglobina como indicadores auxiliares da infecção intramamária de ovelhas, assim como ratifica a relevância do fibrinogênio como marcador inflamatório em razão de sua alta correlação com as proteínas especificas. As alterações nas concentrações séricas de Cu, Fe e Zn sugerem a ação de mediadores inflamatórios, estimulados por S. aureus.
Persistência do herbicida imazaquin associado ao glyphosate ou paraquat em plantio direto
Authors: Vidal R.A , Nunes A.L
Published: February 2011

A prática de associar herbicidas residuais no momento da dessecação tem ganhado destaque em razão da possibilidade de mitigar problemas decorrentes da resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a persistência do herbicida residual imazaquin, associado com os herbicidas dessecantes glyphosate ou paraquat em plantio direto. O trabalho foi realizado em campo e em câmara de crescimento, sob Argissolo Vermelho distrófico típico, contendo 28% de argila. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos distribuídos em parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas principais, foram aplicados os herbicidas paraquat (600 g ha-1) ou glyphosate (720 g ha-1); e nas subparcelas, o herbicida residual imazaquin (300 g ha-1) associado ou aplicado sequencialmente aos herbicidas dessecantes, além de uma testemunha contendo apenas herbicida glyphosate, sem aplicação do herbicida residual. A persistência do imazaquin é maior na presença do glyphosate do que na do paraquat. Não há diferença entre aplicação simultânea e sequencial dos herbicidas dessecantes e residuais.
Seletividade do atrazine à cultura do milheto (Pennisetum glaucum)
Authors: Dan H.A. , Barroso A.L.L. , Procópio S.O. , Dan L.G.M. , Finotti T.R. , Assis R.L.
Published: February 2011

O milheto é uma espécie de destaque entre aquelas cultivadas em sucessão na região dos cerrados brasileiros. Embora o herbicida atrazine apresente potencial para ser utilizado nessa cultura, pouco tem sido feito para determinar a suscetibilidade dessa espécie em função do seu estádio de desenvolvimento no momento de aplicação. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a seletividade do herbicida atrazine à cultura do milheto (Pennisetum glaucum), determinando a dosagem máxima de aplicação e os estádios da cultura que apresentem menor sensibilidade. Foram realizados dois ensaios em casa de vegetação, onde se determinou primeiramente a seletividade do herbicida para os cultivares ADR-300, ADR-500 e ADR-7010. Posteriormente, o cultivar ADR-500 foi avaliado em condições de dose-resposta do atrazine, em função do estádio fenológico de desenvolvimento. Este experimento foi realizado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 3, com quatro repetições, correspondendo a cinco doses de atrazine: 0; 0,5; 1,5; 2,5 e 4,0 kg de i.a. ha-1, aplicadas em três estádios de crescimento do milheto (duas, quatro e oito folhas expandidas). O cultivar ADR-500 apresentou a maior suscetibilidade entre os avaliados. Aplicações realizadas nos estádios mais precoces de crescimento do milheto promoveram os maiores níveis de intoxicação, redução do número de afílhos e do acúmulo de biomassa seca da parte aérea. Esses resultados intensificaram-se com o incremento da dose de atrazine. Com relação à massa da espiga, doses inferiores a 1,5 kg ha-1 não prejudicaram significativamente essa variável, independentemente do estádio de aplicação. É possível concluir que doses inferiores a 1,5 kg ha-1 de atrazine podem ser usadas de forma segura na cultura do milheto quando as plantas apresentarem quatro ou mais folhas no momento da aplicação.
Fiscalização do exercício profissional e projeto ético-político
Authors: Santos Josiane Soares , Gonçalves Maria da Conceição Vasconcelos , Santos Débora Rodrigues , Jesus Elma Santos de , Santos Fábio dos , Dórea Gleide Celma Souza , Mendes Raquel de Oliveira
Published: February 2011

Este artigo sistematiza parte dos resultados preliminares de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento sobre a temática da fiscalização das profissões pelos conselhos, enfocando especificamente o Conjunto CFESS/Cress com campo empírico situado no Cress 18ª Região/SE. Além da análise dos dados, que contribui para entender o perfil do exercício profissional a partir dos aspectos que constam nos "relatórios de visita" da fiscalização, traz um debate acerca da concepção de fiscalização do conjunto CFESS/Cress e sua relação com o projeto ético-político profissional.
Pênfigo vegetante: relato de caso
Authors: Torres Neto Juvenal da Rocha , Santiago Rodrigo R. , Prudente Ana Carolina Lisboa , Mariano Dan Rodrigues , Torres Júlio Augusto do Prado , Torres Felipe Augusto do Prado , Santana Raquel Matos de , Ramos Fernanda Mendonça , Araújo Mônica de
Published: February 2011

Pênfigo é uma doença bolhosa auto-imune. É uma doença rara, mas potencialmente fatal. Existem quatro variantes clínicas e patológicas: o pênfigo vulgar (PV), o pênfigo vegetante (PVg), o pênfigo foliáceo (PF), o pênfigo eritematoso. Ao exame histo-patológico o achado comum a todos os tipos de pênfigo é a acantólise. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 43 anos com lesões ano-perineais cujo diagnóstico final foi de pênfigo vegetante, associado à HPV (Papiloma Vírus Humano), com revisão da literatura.
Water use and onion crop production in no-tillage and conventional cropping systems
Authors: Marouelli Waldir Aparecido , Abdalla Rômulo P , Madeira Nuno R , Silva Henoque R da , Oliveira Aureo S de
Published: February 2011

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of crop residue covers (0.0; 4.5; 9.0; 13.5 t ha-1 millet dry matter) on water use and production of onion cultivated in no-tillage planting system (NT) as compared to conventional tillage system (CT). The study was carried out at Embrapa Hortaliças, Brazil, under the typical Savanna biome. Irrigations were performed using a sprinkle irrigation system when soil-water tension reached between 25 and 30 kPa. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. Total net water depth applied to NT treatment was 19% smaller than the CT treatment, however, water savings increased to 30% for the first 30 days following seedlings transplant. Crop biomass, bulb size and yield, and rate of rotten bulbs were not significantly affected by treatments. The water productivity index increased linearly with increasing crop residue in NT conditions. Water productivity index of NT treatments with crop residue was on average 30% higher than that in the CT system (8.13 kg m-3).