bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Health Physical Exercise (SKG) for Elderly
Authors: Khotimah Fridaniyanti Khusnul , Sosiawan Agung , Santosa Lintang Maudina , Sudiartha Nancy Cynthia , Pande I Ketut Brahma , Romadhona Widya Rizky , Pangestika Elvira Widya , Rachmaningayu Ulyasari , Saputra Benny , Amarilda Faila Shofa , Priyanridania Erika , Bramantoro Taufan
Published: June 2020

Background: Late adulthood is an aging process characterized by a decrease in some bodily functions. Physical changesassociated with late adulthood are musculoskeletal disorders, changes in the cardiovascular system, changes in the immunesystem, and changes in physical activity. Physical exercise is one of the ways to improve elderly’ physical activities. Anepidemiological study on elderly under Jagir Public Health Center coverage area reported that periodontitis and dentalcaries could lower physical performance in the elderly, lowering physical activity. Purpose: In consideration of theproblem in question, a promotive and preventive program is needed. The Dental Health Physical Exercise (SKG) programwas expected to improve the overall physical condition of the elderly. Methods: The “Senam Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut”took place on 19 July 2019 at Integrated Health Service Post for Elderly. Results: There were 26 elderly participated inphysical exercise. 7.7% of them were not able to follow the exercise, and the remaining 92.3% were able to follow theexercise. Conclusion: 92.3% of 26 elderly were able to follow the exercise properly and correctly. However, the remaining7.7% of them were not able to catch up with the physical exercise. In addition, most participants were able to perform 4out of 5 movements criteria.
Comparison of thrombocyte counts during the post-oral administration of aspirin and the Holothuria scabra ethanol extract in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Mulawarmanti Dian , Sari Rima Parwati
Published: June 2020

Background: Long bleeding time is a risk factor in dental treatment, especially in patients who consume aspirin or other antithrombotic drugs. Holothuria scabra (H. scabra) are mostly echinodermata and have been studied in Indonesia; they contain omega-3 and glycosaminoglycans, with an influence of an antithrombotic drug. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the thrombocyte counts during the post-administration of aspirin and the H. scabra extract in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This study was true experimental with a post-test control group design. The sample consisting of 30 healthy male Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) with a bodyweight of 150–250 g was divided into three groups (n = 10). The rats in Group 1 were given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC). The rats in Group 2 were given aspirin, and the rats in Group 3 were given the H. scabra ethanol extract with a 25 mg/200 g dose as per their body weight (BW). Oral administration was given for seven days. The rats’ blood was taken on the eighth day. The amount of thrombocyte was measured using Wright’s stain methods. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests were conducted for data analysis (p < 0.05). Results: The thrombocyte counts (179.00 ± 10.56) in aspirin administration were lower than those in H. scabra (265.00 ± 18.54) and control groups (334.17 ± 13.9), with a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0001; p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that the oral administration of aspirin and H. scabra decreases thrombocyte counts, whereas the administration of aspirin reduces thrombocyte counts to levels lower than those in H. scabra in Wistar rats (R. norvegicus).
The combination of carbonate hydroxyapatite and human β-defensin 3 to enhance collagen fibre density in periodontitis Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Andriani Ika , Meiyanto Edy , Suryono S. , Ana Ika Dewi
Published: June 2020

Background: Carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHA) is used as a scaffold to repair bone resorption. Alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis caused by an infection requires the presence of an antibacterial to support bone regeneration. Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is an antimicrobial peptide. The local application of the HBD3 antimicrobial is beneficial to inhibiting drug resistance and protecting tissue regeneration against invasive bacteria. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of the administration of a combination of   CHA with HBD3 on the collagen density of periodontitis rats (Sprague Dawley). Methods: This study was a true experimental study with a post-test control group design. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley animal models were randomly blind selected placed under anaesthetic, then a 2-mm silk ligature was attached as a ligation to the mandibular incisors for 14 days in order to generate periodontitis. The study subjects were divided into two groups, the group with CHA and CHA loaded HBD3 (CHA + HBD3) implantation. On days 7, 14, 21 and 28, four rats were taken randomly from each group for decapitation, followed by histological processing and examination with trichome Mallory staining. The data was analysed using the Kruskal Wallis test (p<0.05). Results: An increase in collagen density during the healing process was found. There was a significant difference between CHA and CHA+HBD (p=0.004 and p=0.008; p<0.05) in collagen density between the groups. Conclusion: The combination of CHA and HBD3 can enhance the collagen density in periodontitis Sprague Dawley rats, compared to CHA only groups.
Kedudukan Hak Suara Kreditor Preferen dalam Persetujuan Rencana Perdamaian Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU)
Authors: Sofia Arijna Nurin
Published: June 2020

Untuk mencapai suatu perdamaian yang dapat disahkan maka terdapat syarat yang harus dipenuhi, yakni debitor mengajukan rencana perdamaian dan mendapat persetujuan para kreditor dengan ketentuan kuorum yang diatur dalam Pasal 281 UU Kepailitan dan PKPU. Tetapi didalam pemungutan suara persetujuan perdamaian kreditor preferen tidak diatur kedudukan hak suaranya padahal UU Kepailitan dan PKPU menentukan bahwa perjanjian perdamaian yang telah disahkan mengikat semua jenis kreditor. Sebagai contohnya perkara PT. Kertas Leces (Persero), buruh selaku kreditor preferen diakui dalam rencana perdamaian namun buruh ini tidak dimintai hak suara Di kemudian hari debitor terbukti lalai dan buruh menuntut pembatalan perdamaian hingga akhirnya debitor dinyatakan pailit. Dalam skripsi ini akan membahas mengenai kedudukan hak suara kreditor preferen dalam perdamaian PKPU dan upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan ketika dikemudian hari dirugikan seperti halnya menuntut pembatalan, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan disertai pendekatan statute approach, conceptual approach, dan case approach. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa UU Kepailitan dan PKPU tidak memberi kepastian hukum terhadap kedudukan hak suara kreditor preferen akan tetapi meskipun begitu perjanjian tetap mengikat semua jenis kreditor, sehingga menjadi legal standing dalam mengajukan suatu upaya hukum pembatalan.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Pendistribusian Konten Yang Bermuatan Asusila Melalui Media Elektronik
Authors: Istifarrah Ayya Sofia
Published: June 2020

Dalam era globalisasi kemajuan di segala bidang sangat pesat, salah satunya di bidang Teknologi dan Informasi. Dimana banyak sekali fasilitas yang dapat memudahkan masyarakat dalam bertukar informasi. Selain kemudahan tersebut, perkembangan Teknologi Informasi juga berdampak negatif karena dapat memicu timbulnya kejahatan-kejahatan baru, dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi dan Informasi sebagai Modus Operandinya atau yang bisa disebut dengan istilah Cyber Crime. Salah satunya adalah semakin marak terjadi tindak pidana yang melanggar kesusilaan. Peraturan perundang-undangan terkait yang mengatur tindak pidana yang melanggar kesusilaan yaitu KUHP, UU PORNOGRAFI, dan UU ITE. Salah satu bentuk kekhususan dalam UU ITE digunakan jika dalam melakukan tindak pidana tersebut, sarana yang digunakan berupa media elektronik. Serta objeknya harus berupa Dokumen atau Informasi Elektronik. Dalam UU ITE terdapat beberapa pasal yang mengatur perbuatan yang dilarang, terkait dengan ranah kesusilaan diatur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (1) UU ITE. Pada rumusan pasal tersebut ada 3 (tiga) perbuatan yang dilarang yakni; mendistribusikan, mentransmisikan, atau membuat dapat diaksesnya. UU ITE juga telah mengatur tentang pertanggungjawaban pidana. Namun terdapat beberapa permasalahan untuk melakukan penegakan hukum pada tindak pidana yang melanggar kesusilaan, karena dalam penjelasan unsur dalam Pasal 27 ayat (1) UU ITE yang menimbulkan multitafsir, seperti unsur “muatan yang melanggar kesusilaan”. Dimana tidak ada batasan serta penjelasan yang pasti terhadap apa saja konten yang termasuk dalam unsur melanggar kesusilaan.
Toward Indonesia as Global Maritime Fulcrum: Correcting Doctrine and Combating Non-Traditional Maritime Threats
Authors: Hudaya Maula , Putra Agung Tri
Published: June 2020

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world and has enormous potentialin the maritime sector. Therefore, President Joko Widodo aimed to turn Indonesia into amaritime fulcrum of the world. However, this idea hampered by doctrinal errors rootedfrom the community level to policymakers, including the doctrine of state defense. Theseerrors rendered Indonesia unable to play an important role using its strategic location asthe largest archipelagic country. Furthermore, piracy culture in some coastal communitiesof Indonesia is also a problem that hinders international trade. Moreover, this conditionis further exacerbated by the threat of maritime terrorism that endangered Indonesianseafarers. This paper uses the theoretical foundation by Alfred Thayer Mahan on Sea Powerto analyze what kind of policies should be taken by the government to solve the maritimesecurity holes in order to actualize the idea of Indonesia as the maritime fulcrum of theworld. Mahen stated that to become a powerful country in the world, a country should havecontrol over the oceans. Through this theory, solving maritime security holes in Indonesiacan be conducted by accumulating the strength of the sea in quantity and quality.
Revolusi Industri Keempat: Akhir dari Buruh di Seluruh Dunia
Authors: Alam Teduh Gentar , Antony Achmad Luthfi Nurrifat , Hotama Kezia Vanessa , Kuswandi Syahira Syarafina
Published: June 2020

Perkembangan robotika dan kecerdasan buatan memicu Revolusi Industri Keempat yang menggeser tatanan sosial dan hubungan interpersonal. Di sekolah, dunia kerja, bahkan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia tidak dapat lepas dari teknologi. Pemakaian gawai menjadi umum, bahkan cenderung didorong agar tidak tertinggal dengan informasi yang terus muncul. Negara dan individu sama-sama mencari cara untuk tetap relevan di dunia yang semakin menghilangkan sekat-sekat dan serba instan serta otomatis. Pada 2016, World Economic Forum (WEF) mencanangkan istilah Revolusi Industri Keempat untuk menandai perubahan besar-besaran dalam cara manusia hidup. Bentuk komunikasi dan interaksi sosial mulai banyak dibantu oleh alat, seperti smartphone dan proyektor. Di tengah integrasi robot dan kecerdasan buatan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, buruh kasar mengalami dampak signifikan. Kelas buruh harus mampu mengembangkan kreativitas dan komunikasi manusia (human communication) agar tidak tergerus arus perubahan Revolusi Industri Keempat. Tidak ada aktor yang benar-benar siap dengan Revolusi Industri Keempat. Peningkatan kemampuan manusia merupakan tugas individu dan masyrakat agar dapat bertahan dan berkembang di dunia yang berubah.
Diplomasi Teknologi Indonesia dan Spanyol dalam Pengembangan Pesawat Baling-Baling
Authors: Zaskya Almira Dewi
Published: June 2020

This research analyzes technological diplomacy in Indonesia and Spainrelations, especially in the field of the aerospace industry technology(propeller aircraft development) that is conducted by PT DirgantaraIndonesia and Airbus Military Spain. This research will explain thedevelopment process of aerospace industry and technology since 1975.Qualitative descriptive methodologies used in this research to obtainin-depth analysis. The result of the analysis shows that there is a closerelationship beyond just the institutional relationship, that is therelationship between the two countries in this technology diplomacy.From this study it can be concluded that the technology diplomacy thathas been running and manifestly implemented for over 40 years has getto both countries having a very close and profitable relationship. Therelationships and cooperation that can be said to be familial is believed byboth parties will continue into the future.
DA ÓRBITA NO LITÍGIO: UMA ANÁLISE DO DIREITO SISTÊMICO E SUA EFICÁCIA NOS SISTEMAS DE CONSTELAÇÕES FAMILIARES
Authors: Maldonado Dias Norton , Azevedo Rieffel Marcelo
Published: June 2020

O atual cenário de injustiças sociais acaba por exigir do nosso Sistema Judiciário novos caminhos para resolução de conflitos, uma vez que, a pura aplicação da lei no Sistema Legalista não vem conseguindo produzir a paz social que se espera da justiça. Tal necessidade conduz os estudos sobre o denominado Direito Sistêmico, uma forma de utilização do Ordenamento Jurídico dita como mais humanizada, uma vez que busca a resolução consensual de litígios através de métodos oriundos de outras ciências sociais. Dentre as técnicas utilizadas, o presente trabalho busca analisar através de pesquisa bibliográfica, a conhecida técnica de Constelação Familiar desenvolvido pelo psicoterapeuta alemão Bert Hellinger, que vem se mostrando eficiente na resolução consensual de litígios quando aplicado nas Varas de Família do País. Através do aprofundamento acerca do assunto Direito Sistêmico e das formas de resolução consensual de litígios admitida em nosso Ordenamento Jurídico, o presente trabalho busca comprovar se de fato o Direito Sistêmico é em sua prática mais humanizado e se as Constelações Familiares são capazes de produzir bons resultados quando aplicadas aos processos pertencentes ao Direito de Família.
NOTÍCIAS-CRIME NO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO FEDERAL DE GURUPI-TO: CARACTERÍSTICAS E REPERCUSSÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Poleto Marin Liane , Araújo Silva Fábio
Published: June 2020

A Constituição Federal de 1988 do Brasil, entre outras previsões para o Estado Democrático de Direito, instituiu o Ministério Público e diversas formas de participação popular. Logo, criaram-se vários instrumentos e espaços para o ativismo civil e o Ministério Público Federal (MPF) tornou-se uma espécie de “ouvidoria” da sociedade brasileira. Sob essa ótica, indaga-se sobre as providências de autuação e o resultado prático das notícias criminais da população e da Administração Pública no âmbito do MPF. A adequada atuação das instituições públicas afeta diretamente a confiança do povo em relação ao Estado e, por consequência, o seu espírito participativo e colaborativo. Considerando que para o bom funcionamento da máquina estatal é preciso aliar a prestação de serviços à colaboração popular, se analisa o papel da Procuradoria da República em Gurupi-TO, de janeiro de 2013 a outubro de 2018, como se originam as notícias-crime e como o ato do noticiante repercute na sociedade por fruto da atuação do órgão ministerial no exercício de seu poder investigador. Na apuração se determinam vistorias nos locais de crime, prestam informações os envolvidos e pode o próprio representante contribuir com o feito a qualquer tempo, sendo cientificado de toda medida com relevância. Para fundamentar essa pesquisa descritiva, a coleta de dados se deu principalmente pelas leis, portarias, Sistema Aptus e Sistema Único Digital do MPF. Como resultado, no período indicado ofertou a Procuradoria cerca de 61 ações penais na Vara da Justiça Federal em Gurupi-TO, graças à participação popular sul-tocantinense.
Medidas lineares e angulares de equinos destinados ao hipismo clássico na região de Brasília, Distrito Federal
Authors: Cunha Isabela  Maciel , Tucholski Isabella Rocha , Silva Moira Cerizza Esgalha de Andrade , Pivato Ivo , Garcia José Américo Soares , Nepomuceno Leandro Lopes , Bussiman Fernando de Oliveira , Ferreira Jorge Luís
Published: June 2020

Objetivou-se utilizar a metodologia das proporções corporais e angulares para avaliação morfológica e de equilíbrio de cavalos da Raça Brasileira de Hipismo destinado às provas de salto do hipismo clássico no Distrito Federal. Foram utilizados 28 equinos da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo, sendo 17 machos e 11 fêmeas, com idade média de nove anos (±3,54), destinados às provas de salto do hipismo clássico no DF. Foram realizadas medidas morfométricas lineares e angulares e calculados 11 índices zootécnicos, segundo as metodologias propostas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, e todas as variáveis (medidas lineares e angulares) foram submetidas à análise de variância, verificando-se o efeito do sexo sobre as medidas. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste do Tukey a 5% de confiança. Os resultados deste experimento mostraram que a altura da cernelha, o comprimento do pescoço e o perímetro torácico, podem ser utilizados como critérios de seleção para a escolha dos melhores animais destinados às provas de salto do hipismo clássico. Contudo, tanto as medidas lineares como angulares são influenciadas pelo treinamento dos animais, assim, essas medidas podem auxiliar no processo de seleção e registro de animais da raça Brasileira de Hipismo.
Manejo químico de Rhynchospora cephalotes no Baixo Tocantins-PA
Authors: Souza Mateus Gaia de , Parreira Mariana Casari , Martins Jefferson dos Santos , Silva Evaldo Morais da , Ribeiro Rafael Coelho
Published: June 2020

Plantas daninhas agressivas, como a espécie Rhynchospora cephalotes, são as principais infestantes de áreas com cultivos perenes e pastagens degradadas no meio amazônico. Estudos demonstram que a associação de ácidos fenoxiacéticos com outras classes de herbicidas podem ser uma alternativa viável no manejo de plantas de difícil controle. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficácia, em pós emergência do herbicida 2,4-D, isolado ou em associação, no controle de Rhynchospora cephalotes. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. Foram aplicados como tratamentos, doses de 2,4-D isoladas (502,5, 1.005 e 2.010 g e.a. ha-1) e estas associadas com picloran (960 g e.a. ha-1), triclopyr (960 g e.a. ha-1) e glyphosate (1.110 g e.a. ha-1), mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Os melhores resultados no final das avaliações, 42 dias após a aplicação, foram obtidos pelos três tratamentos da associação 2,4-D e glyphosate, que apresentaram médias de controle de R. cephalotes, em torno de 98%. A associação entre os herbicidas 2,4-D e glyphosate, em qualquer dose utilizada nesse experimento, se mostrou eficaz no controle da espécie R. cephalotes, quando aplicada em pós emergência.
O conceito de identidade como um problema para a antropologia teológica: uma discussão a partir de Tillich e análise interdisciplinar
Authors: Dumer Pablo Fernando
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo discute o conceito de identidade como tema da antropologia teológica e para isso realiza uma discussão interdisciplinar entre o teólogo protestante teuto-estadunidense Paul Tillich e outros autores como Zygmunt Bauman, Homi Bhabha e outros. A identidade é um conceito importante para a antropologia teológica, pois levanta a questão da autocompreensão do ser humano a partir do seu contexto; essa autocompreensão diz respeito ao lugar e papel do ser humano no mundo. O problema da ideia de identidade para a antropologia é levantada pelas teorias pós-modernas e pós-coloniais e respondidas, ao método tillichiano, pela teologia. O artigo presente, a partir da problematização do conceito, fazer emergir caminhos para uma resposta teológica relevante ao nosso tempo e contexto. As principais categorias de análise, correlacionadas interdisciplinarmente, são os conceitos tillichianos de autonomia, heteronomia e teonomia, essa última entendida como abertura antropológica para a transcendência e para a alteridade.
Over Ninety Endangered Fish and Invertebrates are Caught in Industrial Fisheries
Authors: Roberson Leslie , Watson Reg , Klein Carissa
Published: June 2020

Substantial resources are invested in conservation of marine biodiversity globally. Fishing is the primary threat to many marine species and is one we can manage. However, threatened marine species are legally caught in industrial fisheries. To determine the magnitude and extent of this problem, we analysed global fisheries catch and import data and found reported catch records of 91 globally threatened species, thirteen of which are traded internationally. Seventy-three species targeted in industrial fisheries account for 99% of threatened species catch volume and value. Our results are a conservative estimate of threatened species catch and trade because we only consider species-level data, excluding group records; for example, we omit ‘sharks and rays,’ which represents over 200 threatened species. Although most fishing countries are involved in catch or trade of threatened species, it is driven largely by European nations. On land and for charismatic marine animals (e.g., whales), industrial-scale harvest of species at risk of extinction is controversial and usually highly regulated. In contrast, fishing for endangered fish and invertebrates is widespread but poorly documented. Given the development of new fisheries monitoring technologies and the current push for stronger international mechanisms for biodiversity management, industrial fishing of threatened fish and invertebrates should no longer be neglected in conservation and sustainability commitments.
Defining and Computing Reproduction Numbers to Monitor the Outbreak of Covid-19 or Other Epidemics
Authors: Zingano Paulo , Zingano Janaina , Silva Alessandra , Zingano Carolina
Published: June 2020

We discuss the generation of various reproduction ratios or numbers to monitor the outbreak of Covid-19 or other epidemics and examine the effects of intervention/relaxation measures. A detailed SEIR algorithm is described for their computation, with applications given to the current Covid-19 outbreak in several countries in America (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, US) and Europe (France, Italy, Spain and UK). The corresponding matlab script, complete and ready to use, is provided for free downloading.
Построение механических аналогов подконструкций с учетом действующих на них активных сил
Authors: Бондаренко Андрей Юрьевич , Bondarenko Andrei Yur'evich , Лиходед Анатолий Иванович , Likhoded Anatolii Ivanovich , Сидоров Виктор Васильевич , Sidorov Viktor Vasil'evich
Published: June 2020

Рассматривается задача моделирования гидроупругих колебаний жидкого топлива
в баках ракет-носителей с использованием механических аналогов. При этом важно обеспечить адекватность расчетной модели с механическими аналогами реальному объекту по массово-инерционным и динамическим характеристикам. Кроме
того, необходимо обеспечить корректное задание внешних активных сил, действующих на конструкцию бака, при его моделировании механическими аналогами.
Предложенный подход может быть применен при моделировании огневых стендовых испытаний двигательных установок, когда двигатель крепится на ферменной
конструкции к днищу бака, а также при анализе нагрузок на перспективные многоразовые ступени ракет-носителей.
A Data-Based Approach for Smart Meter Online Calibration
Authors: Liu Fangxing , Liang Chengbin , He Qing
Published: June 2020

Smart meter has been considered as the key element in the smart grid and current smart meter verification method failed to coverage all deployed meters. Online calibration for is a novel approach which calculate meter error by analysing meter reading data. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and basic model of smart meter online calibration and proposed a recursive algorithm to estimate meter error. Concrete steps have been illustrated and testing case shows the higher accuracy of the method.  Finally, some issues of online calibration in application were discussed.
Introducing Evja - "Rugged" Intelligent Support System for precision farming
Authors: Loret Niccolò , Affinito Antonio , Bonanomi Giuliano
Published: June 2020

Precision agriculture is a farming system based on the combination of detailed observations, measuring and rapid-response to optimize energetic input to maximize crops production. Precision agriculture use decision support system (DSS) for optimize farm management. In this context, EVJA Observe Prevent Improve (or just EVJA) is an Intelligent Support System for precision agriculture. A vast set of data (i.e. temperature, relative humidity, deficit of vapour pressure, leaf wetness, solar radiation, carbon dioxide concentration, soil moisture etc.) is continuously collected, submitted to a local control unit, and processed through algorithms specifically developed for different crops. On the other hands, farmers can access EVJA from their pc and mobile devices, and monitor complex agronomic data analysis presented in a user-friendly interface.
In this article, we will show how EVJA works, and how its output can be used to assess the health state of plants through a specific set of functions. Moreover, we will show the methodology to develop useful predictive models based on this information.
Specifically, we will describe a predictive algorithms capable to predict the infection risks of downy mildew for baby leaves plantations and for Fusarium ear blight of wheat.
Diagenesis and burial history modeling of heterogeneous marginal marine to shoreface Paleocene glauconitic sandstones, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: O'Neill Sean R. , Jones Stuart J. , Kamp Peter J.J.
Published: June 2020

Paleocene marginal marine to shoreface glauconitic sandstones (F-Sands) of the Farewell Formation from the Maui Field in Taranaki Basin, New Zealand, demonstrate a diagenetic evolution driven by major shifts in acidic pore-water composition, rate of burial, and clay-mineral authigenesis. Mechanical compaction is the principal porosity-reducing mechanism during the first 2500 m of burial of the F-Sands. Continued mechanical compaction with long-grain contacts, concavo-convex contacts, and deformed liable grains are common throughout the F-Sands. Late-stage flow of dissolved CO2 in the pore fluids of the Farewell Formation is thought to have been generated from thermal decarboxylation of coaly source rocks. The circulation of these CO2-rich fluids will have dissolved into undersaturated pore fluids and partially catalyzed dissolution of feldspar and quartz, producing ions for the precipitation of kaolinite and chlorite. Timing of the diagenetic reactions, as determined using paragenetic observations, fluid-inclusion analysis, and burial history modeling, suggests that the quartz cements formed at a late stage (> 100°C, corresponding to 0–7 Ma) and is consistent with the migration of hydrocarbons, and associated CO2, into the F-Sand reservoir. Significant secondary porosity is generated through the dissolution of feldspar, which is preserved due to late-stage of occurrence at close to present-day maximum burial. Dissolved solutes in the F-Sands sandstones are being preferentially precipitated in interbedded and surrounding fine-grained heterolithic siltstone to very fine-grained sandstone beds, leading to enhanced heterogeneity and preservation of secondary porosity. This study provides an improved understanding for diagenetic reconstruction of marginal marine to shoreface facies.
Are parents’ education levels associated with either their oral health knowledge or the children’s oral health behaviors? a survey of 8446 families in Wuhan
Authors: Chen Liangwen , Hong Jialan , Xiong Dian , Zhang Luyi , Li Yuhong , Huang Shengfu , Hua Fang
Published: June 2020

Background: Children aged 6-7 years are in the early mixed dentition, which is a period of high prevalence of dental caries and other dental diseases and a critical period for the formation of oral health behaviors. Therefore, good oral hygiene habits of children and oral health knowledge of parents are very important. This study sought to explore the relationship between children’s oral health behaviors, parental oral health knowledge, parental choices of pit and fissure sealants, and parents’ education levels based on a large-scale sample size for the first time, and to compare the influences of parental education levels between parents.Methods: Families of the first and second graders of primary schools in Wuhan Hongshan District were included in this study. A total of 8446 questionnaires were collected to obtain comprehensive information on children’s oral health behaviors, parents’ oral health knowledge and parents’ pit and fissure sealants-related choices. The relationship between these outcome variables and parents’ education levels were studied using logistic regression analysis and chi-square test.Results: Parents who reported good educational background had more favorable oral health knowledge than those of other parents, and their children had better oral hygiene behaviors. Four indicators of five measures to children’s oral health behaviors were significantly associated with mother’s education level (P < 0.05), and three of them were related to father’s education level (P ≤ 0.01). Moreover, seven indicators of eight measures to parents’ oral health knowledge were significantly related to mother’s education level (P< 0.05) and four of them were affected by the father’s (P < 0.05). In addition, parents with higher educational attainments paid more attention to the completeness of medical facilities, the environment of dental practice, the distance to treatment sites, and took less concern of children’s willingness when choosing the pit and fissure sealants sites. Conclusions: In families with children at the early mixed dentition stage, parents with higher education levels tend to have better oral health knowledge and more oral health care needs, such as pit and fissure sealants. In addition, children of parents who have better educated parents tend to perform better oral hygiene practices.
Analysis of transcriptomic changes in bovine endometrial stromal cells treated with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Ding Xuefen , Lv Haimiao , Deng Lixin , Hu Wenju , Peng Zhan , Yan Chenbo , Yang Dexin , Tong Chao , wang Xinzhuang
Published: June 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
Social participation needs of older adults living in a rural regional county municipality: Toward reducing situations of isolation and vulnerability
Authors: Levasseur Melanie , Routhier Sonia , Clapperton Irma , Doré Chantal , Gallagher Frances
Published: June 2020

Background: Social participation is restricted for approximately half the older adult population but is critical in fostering community vitality, promoting health, and preventing disabilities. Although targeted through interventions by community organizations, healthcare professionals and municipalities, little is known about the needs of older adults to participate socially, especially in rural areas. This study thus aimed to identify and prioritize the social participation needs of older adults living in a rural regional county municipality. Methods: A participatory action research was conducted in a rural regional county municipality (RCM) in Quebec, Canada, with a convenience sample of 139 stakeholders, including older adults, caregivers, healthcare and community organization managers, healthcare and community organization workers, community partners and key informants. Results: Facilitators and barriers to social participation are related to personal factors (e.g., health, interests, motivation), the social environment (e.g., availability of assistance or volunteers) and the physical environment (e.g., distance to resources, recreational facilities and social partners). Nine older adults’ needs emerged and were prioritized as follows: 1) having access to and being informed about transportation options, 2) being informed about available activities and services, 3) having access to activities, including volunteering opportunities, suited to their interests, schedule, cost, language and health condition, 4) being accompanied to activities, 5) having access to meeting places near home and adapted to their health condition, and 6-9 (no preferred order) being reached when isolated, being personally invited and welcomed to activities, having a social support network, and being valued and recognized. Differences emerged when prioritizing needs of older adults with disabilities (greater need for assistance, accessibility and adapted activities) and older adults living in a rural area (greater need for transportation).Conclusions: To promote active participation in the community, the social participation needs of older women and men living in rural areas must be addressed, especially in regard to transportation, information, adapted activities, assistance and accessibility. The first part of this action research will be followed by community selection and implementation of initiatives designed to ultimately foster their social participation.
Functional analysis of SlERF01 gene in the disease resistance to S.lycopersici
Authors: Yang Huanhuan , Shen Fengyi , Wang Hexuan , Zhao Tingting , Zhang He , Jiang Jingbin , Xu Xiangyang , LI JINGFU
Published: June 2020

Background: Tomato gray leaf spot caused by Stemphylium lycopersici (S. lycopersici) is a serious disease that can severely hinder tomato production. To date, only Sm has been reported to provide resistance against this disease, and the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to this disease in tomato remains unclear. To better understand the mechanism of tomato resistance to S. lycopersici, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based analysis, physiological indexes, microscopy observations and transgenic technology were used in this study.Results: Our results showed that the expression of SlERF01 was strongly induced by S. lycopersici and by exogenous applications of the hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Furthermore, overexpression of SlERF01 enhanced the hypersensitive response (HR) to S. lycopersici and elevated the expression of defense genes in tomato. Furthermore, the accumulation of lignin, callose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased in the transgenic lines after inoculation with S. lycopersici. Taken together, our results showed that SlERF01 played an indispensable role in multiple SA, JA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways to provide resistance to S. lycopersici invasion. Our findings also indicated that SlERF01 could activate the expression of the PR1 gene and enhance resistance to S. lycopersici.Conclusions: We identified the SlERF01 gene, which encodes a novel tomato AP2/ERF transcription factor (TF). Functional analysis revealed that SlERF01 positively regulates tomato resistance to S. lycopersici. Our findings indicate that SlERF01 plays a key role in multiple SA, JA and ROS signaling pathways to provide resistance to invasion by S. lycopersici. The findings of this study not only help to better understand the mechanisms of response to pathogens but also enable targeted breeding strategies for tomato resistance to S. lycopersici.
Night sleep duration and risk of each lipid profile abnormality in a Chinese population: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Song Qiaofeng , Liu Xiaoxue , Zhou Wenhua , Wu Shouling , wang xizhu
Published: June 2020

Background To explore the associations between sleep duration and abnormalities in serum lipid levels in a Chinese population. Methods A prospective study was conducted with 34,260 participants from the general Chinese population. Sleep duration was categorized as ≤5, 6, 7, 8 or ≥9 h. Each lipid profile abnormality was defined according to the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults (2016). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between sleep duration and dyslipidemia. Results Compared with a 7 h sleep duration, long sleep duration (≥9 h) was significantly associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (hazard ratio (HR): 1.24; 95% CI: 1.12–1.38). In subgroup analyses, the positive association between long sleep duration and low HDL-C level in men and in the different age groups was more pronounced than the association in women. No significant interactions were observed in the association between sleep duration and each abnormal serum lipid level by sex/age in the study population (P-interaction>0.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that long sleep duration is associated with low HDL-C level among the Kailuan community population.
Acute kidney injury following on-pump or off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in elderly patients: a retrospective propensity score matching analysis
Authors: wang rui , Wang Xian , Zhu Yifan , Chen Wen , Li Liangpeng , Chen Xin
Published: June 2020

Objectives: This single-centre, retrospective propensity score matching (PSM) study designed to study the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and the relationship between AKI and long-term outcomes in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: After PSM, 466 pairs of patients (A group, on-pump; B group, off-pump) who were aged≥70 years undergoing first isolated CABG surgery from January 2012 to December 2016 entered the study. AKI was defined and classified according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. The incidence and severity of in-hospital AKI was compared. The impacts of AKI on the long-term outcomes including new onset of dialysis and mortality were analyzed. Results: The two PSM groups had similar baseline and procedure except whether the CPB was used or not. In hospital and 30-day mortality was of no difference(χ2=0.051, p=0.821). AKI of any severity occurred in 40.3% of all patients, with stage 1 accounting for most cases. No difference regarding the incidence and severity of AKI could be found: AKIN stage 1: 139 (29.8%) vs 131 (28.1%); AKIN stage 2: 40 (8.6%) vs 35 (7.5%); AKIN stage 3: 18 (3.9%) vs 13 (2.8%), (u=0.543, p=0.532). No difference was observed in the in-hospital new onset of dialysis (χ2=0.312, P=0.576). The use of CPB was not found to influence long-term new onset of dialysis (χ2=0.14, p=0.708) and mortality (χ2=0.099, p=0.753). Comparing with non-AKI patients, AKI patients were associated with an increased rates of new onset of dialysis (χ2=8.153, p=0.004) and mortality (χ2=6.277, p=0.012) during the follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression manifested that the HR for long-term new onset of dialysis and mortality in AKI patients vs. non-AKI patients was 1.83 and 1.31 respectively (95%CI 1.12-2.86, p=0.007; 95%CI 1.17-2.58, p=0.015). The HR for long-term new onset of dialysis and mortality in on-pump group vs. off-pump group was 1.07 and 1.11 respectively (95%CI 1.03-1.23, p=0.661; 95%CI 1.09-1.64, p=0.702).Conclusions: For elderly CABG patients, AKI was common, but deterioration of dialysis was a seldom incidence. Comparing with on-pump, off-pump did not decrease the rates or severity of AKI, long-term new onset of dialysis or mortality. AKI was associated with an increased long-term new onset of dialysis and decreased long-term survival.
Enzymatic activity and brine shrimp lethality of venom from the large brown spitting cobra (Naja ashei) and its neutralization by antivenom
Authors: Okumu Mitchel Otieno , Mbaria James Mucunu , Gikunju Joseph Kangangi , Mbuthia Paul Gichohi , Madadi Vincent Odongo , Ochola Francis Okumu
Published: June 2020

Objective: Naja ashei is a snake of medical importance in Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia, Uganda, and Tanzania. Little is known about the enzymatic (snake venom phospholipases A2; svPLA2’s) and toxic (lethal) activities of Naja ashei venom and crucially, the safety and capacity of available antivenom to neutralize these effects. This study aimed to determine the enzymatic and toxic activities of Naja ashei venom and the capacity of Indian and Mexican manufactured antivenoms to neutralize these effects. The protein content of the venom and the test antivenoms were also evaluated. A 12-point log concentration-response curve (0.5-22.5 µg/mL) was generated on an agarose-egg yolk model to predict the svPLA2 activity of the venom. The toxicity profiles of the venom and antivenoms were evaluated in the brine shrimp lethality assay. Lowry’s method was used for protein estimation. Results: Low and intermediate concentrations of the venom exhibited similar svPLA2 activities. The same was true for concentrations >15 µg/mL. Intermediate and high doses of the venom exhibited similar mortalities in brine shrimp and test antivenoms were generally non-toxic but poorly neutralized svPLA2 activity. Mexican manufactured antivenom had lower protein content but neutralized venom-induced brine shrimp lethality much more effectively than Indian manufactured antivenom.
Bioinformatics analysis of epitope-based vaccine design against the novel SARS-CoV-2
Authors: chen hongzhi , Tang Lingli , Yu Xinling , Zhou Jie , Chang Yunfeng , Wu Xiang
Published: June 2020

Background: An outbreak of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 recently has brought a great challenge to public health. Rapid identification of immune epitopes would be an efficient way to screen the candidates for vaccine development at the time of pandemic. This study aimed to predict the protective epitopes with bioinformatics methods and resources for vaccine development. Methods : The genome sequence and protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2 were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. ABCpred and BepiPred servers were utilized for sequential B-cell epitope analysis. Discontinuous B-cell epitopes were predicted via DiscoTope 2.0 program. IEDB server was utilized for HLA-1 and HLA-2 binding peptides computation. Surface accessibility, antigenicity, and other important features of forecasted epitopes were characterized for immunogen potential evaluation. Results : A total of 63 sequential B-cell epitopes on spike protein were predicted and 4 peptides (Spike 315-324 , Spike 333-338 , Spike 648-663 , Spike 1064-1079 ) exhibited high antigenicity score and good surface accessibility. Ten residues within spike protein (Gly 496 , Glu 498 , Pro 499 , Thr 500 , Leu 1141 , Gln 1142 , Pro 1143 , Glu 1144 , Leu 1145 , Asp 1146 ) are forecasted as components of discontinuous B-cell epitopes. The bioinformatics analysis of HLA binding peptides within nucleocapsid protein produced 81 and 64 peptides being able to bind MHC classⅠand MHC classⅡ molecules respectively. The peptides (Nucleocapsid 66-75 , Nucleocapsid 104-112 ) were predicted to bind a wide spectrum of both HLA-1 and HLA-2 molecules. Conclusions : B-cell epitopes on spike protein and T-cell epitopes within nucleocapsid protein were identified and recommended for developing a protective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
Bacillus subtilis spore vaccines displaying protective antigen induce functional antibodies and protective potency
Authors: Oh Yeonsu , Kim Jung Ae , Kim Chang-Hwan , Choi Soo-Keun , Pan Jae-Gu
Published: June 2020

Background: Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, a disease of both humans and various animal species, and can be used as a bioterror agent. Effective vaccines are available, but those could benefit from improvements, including increasing the immunity duration, reducing the shot frequency and adverse reactions. In addition, more sophisticated antigen delivery and potentiation systems are urgently required. The protective antigen (PA), one of three major virulence factors associated with anthrax was displayed on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores, which is a vaccine production host and delivery vector with several advantages such as a low production cost, straightforward administration as it is safe for human consumption and the particulate adjuvanticity. Mice were immunized orally (PO), intranasally (IN), sublingually (SL) or intraperitoneally (IP) with the PA displaying probiotic spore vaccine. Clinical observation, serological analysis and challenge experiment were conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. Results: A/J mice immunized with the PA spore vaccine via PO, IN, SL, and IP were observed to have increased levels of active antibody titer, isotype profiles and toxin neutralizing antibody in sera, and IgA in saliva. The immunized mice were demonstrated to raise protective immunity against the challenge with lethal B. anthracis spores. Conclusions: In this study, we developed a B. subtilis spore vaccine that displays the PA on its surface and showed that the PA-displaying spore vaccine was able to confer active immunity to a murine model based on the results of antibody isotype titration, mucosal antibody identification, and a lethal challenge experiment.
The acute effect of cold pack applied for different periods on the biomechanical properties of the rectus femoris muscle of healthy individuals: a randomized experimental study
Authors: ALACA Nuray , Kablan Nilüfer
Published: June 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Combined forced oscillation and fractional-order modeling in patients with work-related asthma: a case-control study analyzing respiratory biomechanics and diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Tuza Fábio Augusto d´Alegria , de Sá Paula Morisco , Castro Hermano , Lopes Agnaldo José , de Melo Pedro Lopes
Published: June 2020

Background Fractional-order (FrOr) models have a high potential to improve pulmonary science. These models could be useful for biomechanical studies and diagnostic purposes, offering accurate models with an improved ability to describe nature. This paper evaluates the performance of the Forced Oscillation (FO) associated with integer (InOr) and FrOr models in the analysis of respiratory alterations in work-related asthma (WRA). Methods Sixty-two individuals were evaluated: 31 healthy and 31 with WRA with mild obstruction. Patients were analyzed pre and post bronchodilation. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). To evaluate how well do the studied models correspond to observed data, we analyzed the mean square root of the sum (MSEt) and the relative distance (Rd) of the estimated model values to the measured resistance and reactance measured values. Results and discussion Initially, the use of InOr and FrOr models increased our understanding of the WRA physiopathology, showing increased peripheral resistance, damping, and hysteresivity. The FrOr model (AUC=0.970) outperformed standard FO (AUC=0.929), as well as InOr modeling (AUC=0.838) in the diagnosis of respiratory changes, achieving high accuracy. FrOr improved the curve fitting (MSEt=0.156±0.340; Rd=3.026±1.072) in comparison with the InOr model (MSEt=0.367±0.991; Rd=3.363±1.098). Finally, we demonstrated that the bronchodilator use increased dynamic compliance, as well as reduced damping and peripheral resistance. Conclusions Taken together, these results show clear evidence of the utility of FO associated with fractional-order modeling in patients with WRA, improving our knowledge of the biomechanical abnormalities and the diagnostic accuracy in this disease.