bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
América Latina: Una región en riesgo. Pobreza e inequidad.
Authors: Kliksberg Bernardo
Published: December 2020

Â  En el presente estudio se muestra el impacto que tiene el círculo perverso de la pobreza, conformado por familias pobres con educación incompleta y desocupación, como uno de los factores que más ha incidido para que en Centroamérica sean pobres el 75% de los guatemaltecos; el 73% de los hondureños; el 68% de los nicaragüenses y el 53% de los salvadoreños. En otros países como Venezuela, las estimaciones indican que es pobre el 80% de la población; y en países catalogados de mayor desarrollo relativo como Argentina la tasa de pobreza en las provincias del noroeste se ubica en 48.8%, por lo que la pobreza viene a constituir uno de los problemas más acusiantes de final del milenio e inicios del nuevo siglo ya que las causas de este fenómeno son múltiples e interrelacionadas, y combatirlas efectivamente requiere estudios y propuestas intersectoriales que permitan que extensos sectores de la población tengan acceso a bienes básicos como agua potable, instalaciones sanitarias, electricidad, salud, trabajo, educación. Todos estos problemas no se dan aisladamente, tienen profundas interrelaciones que van conformando círculos perversos regresivos que desembocan en la exclusión social.
Iglesia y participación comunitaria en salud: El caso del Municipio San Francisco del estado Zulia, Venezuela.
Authors: García José Guillermo , Sarcos Keila
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo tiene por objeto identificar en forma comparada los factores que condicionan la participación de las comunidades Betulio González y 24 de Julio del municipio San Francisco del estado Zulia en el subprograma de Medicina Natural que promociona la Iglesia Católica. Bajo un esquema conceptual que combina principios de las teorías: Elección Racional, Movilización de Recursos, Privación Relativa, Identidades Colectivas y Capital Social, se plantea la hipótesis que la participación de dichas comunidades en el subprograma está determinada por una serie de factores internos y externos en donde resaltan la representación social que tienen del subprograma, el cálculo racional de la acción, la tradición participativa y el apoyo organizativo de grupos voluntarios. Se empleó la perspectiva etnomedotológica en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad, de donde se extrajo como conclusión que existen factores comunes que condicionan la participación en ambas comunidades, tales como la reafirmación de una identidad femenina entendida como un incentivo para la acción, una representación colectiva positiva sobre la medicina natural y la presencia de recursos organizativos externos proporcionados por las escuelas ubicadas en cada comunidad, por grupos eclesiales de base y por la misma Iglesia Católica como agente promotor del subprograma.
Factores determinantes del ahorro interno en América Latina.
Authors: Añez Carlos , Urbina Angel , Ojeda Lionar
Published: December 2020

El siguiente artículo aborda el problema del financiamiento de la inversión para un país en desarrollo, específicamente de la América Latina, tratando de revisar la literatura disponible para llegar a conclusiones sobre cómo los determinantes del ahorro en todas sus versiones -ahorro externo, ahorro privado y ahorro público- ejercen influencia sobre el proceso de crecimiento. Aun cuando la dirección causal exacta entre ahorro y crecimiento no ha sido establecida, el desarrollo de políticas económicas que estimulen el ahorro interno por encima del procedente del exterior, fortalecerían la capacidad de inversión interna y, al existir una correlación positiva entre estas variables, se potencia el proceso de crecimiento aunque otras variables igualmente pueden difuminar tal efecto. Se concluye que el incremento de la relación Ahorro Interno / P. I. B. sólo puede alcanzarse a través de esfuerzos comunes entre empresas, gobierno y el sistema financiero de estas economías.
Las políticas públicas y la necesidad de una verdadera política social en Venezuela.
Authors: Mora Belandria Elys Gilbrando
Published: December 2020

El propósito de este artículo consiste en plantear algunos problemas que bloquean el camino hacia el desarrollo político y constituyen tarea urgente para el gobierno. Asimismo se trata de hacer un aporte abordando áreas estratégicas importantes en las estructuras del poder como es el caso de las políticas públicas, tal vez la más reciente e innovadora corriente de análisis presente en la Ciencia Política, incluyendo la política social como una de las exigencias de los ciudadanos frente al Estado y la democracia. Bajo este punto de vista las políticas públicas son consideradas una estrategia básica para legitimar el rendimiento del gobierno. Por último se abordan ciertos resultados de la mala política y sus efectos sobre la democracia pues, así lo entendemos, en Venezuela las tareas del gobierno en materia de políticas públicas han estado marcadas por una visión formalmente bien intencionada, pero que operativamente ha sido bloqueada por factores perturbadores como por ejemplo: la inconsistencia en la toma de decisiones, el centralismo, la corta visión para acercarse a los parámetros de una gerencia pública moderna, la excesiva politización de los trámites administrativos para emprender acciones concretas y la relación asimétrica entre el tamaño del Estado y la calidad del Estado, todo lo cual impide la realización correcta de los procedimientos para profundizar en la tarea obtener logros efectivos y eficientes en materia de política social y el avance hacia la modernización del sector público.
La reforma de la seguridad social en Brasil y los impactos sobre el mercado de trabajo.
Authors: Evilásio da Silva Salvador , Boschetti Ivanete
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la reforma realizada en la seguridad social brasileña por el gobierno del Presidente Fernando Enrique Cardoso, explorando los posibles impactos sobre el mercado de trabajo. La reforma tuvo como principales justificaciones, el cambio en el padrón demográfico brasileño, las modificaciones en el mercado de trabajo que provocan reducción en las contribuciones sobre la nómina de pago de las empresas y la adopción del sistema de repartición simple para la financiación del sistema de seguridad (además de otras reglas como la jubilación por tiempo de servicio) como una de las principales causas del déficit público. Se desarrolla en este texto, el argumento de que los cambios realizados en la Seguridad Social van a contribuir al empeoramiento de la situación del mercado de trabajo en Brasil.
Competitividad de la industria de la confección del Municipio Maracaibo ”“ Estado Zulia.
Authors: Morales Mariher , Romero Jenny , Andrade Nancy
Published: December 2020

En el presente artículo se analiza el nivel de competitividad de la industria de la confección del municipio Maracaibo del estado Zulia, utilizando como base el instrumental teórico desarrolla- do por Michael Porter. La investigación es de carácter descriptivo, teniendo como principal fuente de información un estudio de campo. Entre los resultados de la investigación resaltan que la industria de la confección del municipio Maracaibo presenta un bajo nivel competitivo, evidenciando una capacidad ociosa del 50%, un alto grado de atomización e informalidad en su estructura, un bajo nivel tecnológico e insuficiencia de mano de obra especializada, así como una orientación al mercado interno. A esto se agregan dificultades asociadas con el contrabando, problemas con el financiamiento y las materias primas, entre otras. Se sugiere a los empresarios para lograr un posicionamiento en el mercado a largo plazo, desarrollar la estrategia genérica de enfoque de diferenciación con minimización de los costos, esto para aprovechar las características del consumidor maracaibero basadas en el apego a la moda y exigencias de calidad a precios justos.
Las contradicciones del desarrollo asociado
Authors: Cardoso Fernando Henrique
Published: December 2020

No presenta resumen
Ética y educación en la contemporaneidad
Authors: Follari Roberto
Published: December 2020

La ética suele pensarse como remisión a valores abstractos, pero es la interiorización de las exigencias del lazo social, la incorporación subjetiva de los límites exigidos por la vida con otros. Por ello mismo es contingente no necesaria y universal en sus contenidos como suele pensársela a partir del legado kantiano-. Se requiere sin embargo un aspecto universal: las reglas del juego compartidas. Es la educación formal la que hoy debiera cumplir esa tarea. En lo posmoderno hay individualismo y diáspora de valores, lo que se agrava por las políticas neoliberales y la corrupción política y empresarial. Este escenario requiere una recuperación activa de la ética, que puede hacerse desde la institución escolar. Es una tarea difícil pero necesaria, que requiere más testimonio que justificaciones, y un enérgico esfuerzo de recuperación de la conciencia frente al vértigo mediático.
Etnodiscriminación en el currículo de la escuela de Psicología de la UCV
Authors: González Silva Freddy
Published: December 2020

El currículo de educación superior y sus elementos de discriminación étnica en Venezuela es una problemática negada o desconocida. La falta de equidad en el acceso a la educación se concibe como un problema producto, sólo, de la desigualdad económica. En este trabajo se trata de la discriminación étnica hacia el afrodescendiente y su expresión en los diferentes aspectos educativos. Uno, el ámbito curricular, comprende tres dimensiones: la de aspectos formales expresados en los documentos, la de aspectos prácticos como lo son profesores y alumnos, y una tercera dimensión llamada oculta o encubierta. Dado el carácter del problema es resbaladizo para su análisis. Se ha empleado una metodología compleja y profunda caracterizada por un estudio de tipo analítico, un diseño mixto (documental y de campo), la aplicación de tres técnicas: observación, entrevista y encuesta, y cinco instrumentos de recolección de derivados. Se trabajó con varias muestras según cada instrumento, la mayor de 240 sujetos. Lo que pretende este trabajo es presentar además de los hallazgos, una forma novedosa de abordaje metodológico para los estudios educativos sobre el currículo universitario, y todo esto en la clave de un lenguaje reflexivo que conlleva a plantear vías nuevas para la acción.
Flujos financieros en un contexto globalizado y su incidencia en Venezuela
Authors: Jiménez Medina Edison Enrique , Vanegas Maritza , Aguilar Gabriel
Published: December 2020

El objetivo fundamental del presente artículo es el de analizar el comportamiento de los flujos financieros que han estado actuando en los distintos países de América Latina y especialmente en Venezuela durante el periodo 1995-1999; para ello se realizó una investigación sobre el efecto que ha causado en estos países el proceso de Globalización, para lo cual se usaron datos suministrados por los organismos internacionales. Se pudo observar, cómo la desregulación de los movimientos de capitales ponen en evidencia la llamada globalización financiera, que no es otra cosa que la libertad adquirida por los flujos financieros para transitar a través del mundo entero en busca de mejores oportunidades de inversión; llevando así a los países a flexibilizar sus normativas para permitir el ingreso de estos capitales en sus mercados internos. Se determinó de igual manera, cómo el trascendental proceso de globalización financiera encuentra su evidencia en los continuos acuerdos integracionista entre regiones con características socio-económicas comunes; en la expansión de los mercados financieros y en el desarrollo logrado en el campo de la tecnología, aplicada a las operaciones de los mercados financieros; la adecuación que los distintos países han realizado en sus normativas legales bien sea para conciliar con las reglas y normas internacionales, o bien para entrar en un proceso de regulación interna; así como también, la pérdida de autonomía por parte de los Bancos Centrales de cada país, al dejar en libre transacción las negociaciones de los flujos financieros. Paralelamente, esto ha originado una disfuncionalidad en el equilibrio económico, obligando a los sectores financieros a dejar de lado sus mercados internos y lanzarse a los mercados externos en la búsqueda de oportunidades más favorables para sus intereses.
Propuesta de un modelo metodológico para la investigación sistemática del complejo de empresas publicas en países de América Latina, aplicación a un caso concreto
Authors: Kliksberg Bernardo
Published: December 2020

No presenta resumen
Niklas Luhmann en el Sociological Abstracts (1991-2001)
Authors: González Oquendo Luis
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo estudia la presencia de Niklas Luhmann en el Sociological abstracts, uno de los más importantes índices internacionales de sociología del mundo. Se ha considerado 244 trabajos (artículos, capítulos de libros y libros) registrados durante el período 1991-2001. En este caso, se describió los caracteres de los autores y sus adscripciones organizacionales, los idiomas utilizados, así como otras frecuencias. También, se comparó estos resultados con los datos acumulados acerca de la presencia de Niklas Luhmann en castellano.
Representaciones y discurso en los procesos de descentralización administrativa en Venezuela
Authors: Borgucci Emmanuel
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se hace una primera aproximación al estudio de las representaciones sociales y los discursos sobre la descentralización administrativa en Venezuela realizada por actores significativos en el contexto político venezolano en los últimos diez años. Se parte de la premisa que concibe que la descentralización administrativa en Venezuela se construye en el marco de las relaciones y la trama de poder de actores globales, nacionales y locales, que a su vez incide en las agendas, las acciones y decisiones que realizan esos actores. Se concluye que en Venezuela, se está tratando de imponer una visión de la descentralización administrativa más acorde con la idea de desconcentración que tiende a apuntalar esquemas superados de centralización administrativa en Venezuela.
Imagen corporativa sobre la Universidad del Zulia: Opinión y percepción de los líderes del estado Zulia
Authors: Rincón Efraín , Graterol Modesto , Díaz Zulay
Published: December 2020

El artículo presenta la evaluación de las opiniones y percepciones que poseen los lideres de opinión de la ciudad de Maracaibo acerca de la Universidad del Zulia. Para ello, se conformaron las bases teóricas desde la filosofía mercadotecnista, asumiendo la posición de autores calificados en este campo del saber. Desde la perspectiva metodológica, el tipo de investigación fue descriptiva, con diseño no experimental de campo. La muestra fue de tipo intencional, compuesta por dieciséis (16) líderes de opinión, distribuidos en el municipio Maracaibo. Se utilizó como instrumento el cuestionario estructurado, aplicando la validez de contenido mediante una muestra de cinco (5) jueces expertos en el área de mercadeo y ventas. Además, se proporcionó al instrumento una confiabilidad objetiva dada por el orden lógico de las preguntas, la fluidez de las mismas y el grado en que el entrevistado pudo contestarlas con facilidad ya que la técnica de recolección de datos fue la entrevista cara a cara y el procesamiento de los mismos estuvo a cargo del Centro de Estadística e Investigación de Operaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales (LUZ). Los resultados revelan que en opinión de los lideres zulianos, otras universidades son percibidas más favorablemente que LUZ, en su política comunicacional, a pesar que mayoritariamente se piense que es una institución fundamental en el proceso de desarrollo del estado Zulia. De igual manera, la información transmitida por sus medios, no satisface plenamente las necesidades que manifiestan los líderes regionales, con lo cual deja de aprovecharse efectivamente la importancia de la comunicación con su entorno más inmediato.
Parabolic Triangles, Poles and Centroid Relations
Authors: Choi Si Chun , Wildberger Norman
Published: December 2020

We investigate affine properties of centroids formed by three points on a parabola together with the polar triangle formed from the tangents. And we make a wide ranging conjecture about the extension of these results to general conics.
Generalized Helices on a Lightlike Cone in 3-Dimensional Lorentz-Minkowski Space
Authors: Milin Šipuš Željka , Protrka Ivana , Primorac Gajčić Ljiljana
Published: December 2020

In this paper we provide characterizations and give some properties of generalized helices in 3-dimensional Lorentz-Minkowski space that lie on a lightlike cone. Furthermore, by analyzing their projections, which turn out to be Euclidean or Lorentzian logarithmic spiral, we present their parametrizations. In particular, we also analyze planar generalized helices, that is planar intersections of a lightlike cone.
INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY AND SCHOOL IMAGE ON SATISFACTION AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TOWARDS LOYALTY OF STUDENTS SMK PGRI 35 JAKARTA
Authors: Rusdi Muhamad , Mochamad Mukti Ali
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality, school image on the satisfaction and loyalty of students of SMK PGRI 35 Jakarta. The population used in this study were students of SMK PGRI 35 Jakarta with a total sample of 160 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The data analysis of this research used SEM with Lisrel. The research results show that service quality and school image have a positive and significant effect on satisfaction and loyalty, and satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on loyalty. In addition, the results of this research indicate that without going through the intervening variables, it will directly have a higher effect value than indirectly.
TEACHER’S COMMUNICATION MASTERSHIP: GROUNDWORK AND IMPLICATION TO PEDAGOGY SKILL FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING
Authors: Batubara M. Daud , Nurbianta Nurbianta
Published: December 2020

Basically, this research was to evaluate the learners respond about the teacher’s communication skill role in their success of academic.  Hence, the goal of this research was to determine the extent of teacher’s communication skill at STAIN Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra. To ensure effective teacher treatment, effective communication skill plays role important. To this purpose the extent to which a teacher practice the communication skill in teaching and learning process. This research was performed by using survey, the researcher distributed questionnaire to collect data needed to obtain the role of communication mastership in intensify teacher's pedagogy skill. The design was quantitative descriptive research. The population consists of 494 students of Islamic Education Department major, meanwhile the sample size of 32 students at the 6th semester was randomly selected. The instrument was questionnaires as data taker tool & weighted mean. To interpret the weighted mean for each indicators, the Likert-type scale and finding of this research was average shows effective
DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND ITS IMPLICATION ON TURNOVER INTENTION AT THE FOODHALL IN DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE
Authors: Husainah Nazifah , Madiistriyatno Harries
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of organizational culture, career development, compensation and organizational commitment partially or simultaneously on employee turnover intention.  The population in this study amounted to 1,982 employees at twenty-five outlets of The Foodhall in DKI Jakarta Province, with a total sample of 355 respondents.  The research method used in this research is descriptive and explanatory survey methods.  The sampling method is probability sampling with proportional random sampling technique, and the data analysis method used is SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with data analysis tools Lisrel 8.80. Based on the research results obtained the following findings: organizational culture, career development, and compensation partially and simultaneously have a significant effect on organizational commitment with a contribution of 58%.  Partially career development which is reflected in career doubt has a positive and dominant effect on organizational commitment.  Organizational culture, career development, compensation and organizational commitment either partially or simultaneously have a significant effect on employee turnover intention with a contribution of 81%.  Partially, organizational commitment has the most dominant influence on employee turnover intentions.  The results also show that organizational commitment is a fully mediating variable on the influence of organizational culture, career development, and compensation on employee turnover intention.  The managerial implication of this research is that the turnover intention of The Foodhall's employees in Jakarta, which is reflected in the dimension of stopping work, will decrease if The Foodhall in Jakarta is able to increase organizational commitment which is reflected in sustainable commitment, while organizational commitment will increase if The Foodhalls in Jakarta can improve career development.  employees who are reflected in career doubts which are supported by an increase in organizational culture which is reflected in the dimensions of results orientation and also supported by an increase in compensation given to employees which is reflected in the high level of indirect compensation.
THE IMPACT ON TURNOVER INTENTION THAT VIEWED THROUGH CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND WORK ENVIRONMENT WHICH MEDIATED BY WORK SATISFACTION AT PT. SINAR ANTJOL 1942
Authors: Aprianis Marpaung Elsa , Johanes Lo Singmin
Published: December 2020

This research aims to evaluated and analyzed those influence of career development and work environment towards turnover intention which mediated by employee work satisfaction at PT. Sinar Antjol 1942. This research was conducted from October 2019 to April 2020 at PT Sinar Antjol Jakarta. Research data was questionnaire that calculated by Slovin formula with sample of 120 respondents out of 170 employees who had standard error of 5%. Data were analyzed by SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method with path analysis application SmartPLS (Partial Least Square) version 3.2.9 Windows. The results showed that career development and work environment had negative impact over turnover intention. Meanwhile, work satisfaction has succeeded in mediated between career development and work environment towards turnover intention.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND COMPENSATION ON TURNOVER INTENTION WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE FOR EMPLOYEES OF PT INTERCOM PADANG
Authors: Yunita Yunita
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine how much influence organizational commitment and organizational commitment and compensation as the independent variable (X) and job satisfaction as an intervening variable (Z). The analytical method used in this research is the path analysis model. Based on it can be concluded that organizational commitment has a negative and significant effect on employee turnover intention at PT Intercom Padang (0.000 <0.05). Based on the results of testing the second hypothesis, it was found that compensation had a negative effect on turnover intention (0.000 <0.05). Based on the results of testing the third hypothesis that organizational commitment has a negative and significant effect on employee job satisfaction at PT Intercom Padang. (0.000 <0.05). In the fourth hypothesis testing stage, it was found that compensation had a negative effect on job satisfaction. employees at PT Intercom Padang Branch. (0.001 <0.05). while the results of testing the fifth hypothesis found that job satisfaction has a negative effect on turnover intention). With the fulfillment of these requirements, it can be proven that organizational commitment and compensation have an effect on turnover intention after going through job satisfaction as an intervening variable for employees of PT Intercom Padang.
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. KIMIA FARMA (PERSERO) TBK TAHUN 2014 - 2019
Authors: Wijayanti Erna
Published: December 2020

Untuk memperoleh laba yang optimal perusahaan harus memiliki strategi dan inovasi baru untuk memenangkan pasar serta melakukan penilaian kinerja terutama pada keuangan. Perusahaan perlu memperhatikan bagaimana kinerja keuangan mereka selama ini, hal ini dikarenakan kinerja keuangan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai kondisi perusahaan serta dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam mengambil keputusan baik dari pihak internal maupun eksternal, untuk dapat menilai kondisi keuangan maka di perlukan beberapa alat ukur yang bisa dijadikan acuan,salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan analisa rasio, berdasarkan masalah yang akan diteliti, maka tujuan dalam makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kinerja keuangan PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk dengan menggunakan analisa  rasio likuditas dan profitabilitas
Evaluation of hemorheological parameters as biomarkers of calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women
Authors: Farber Paulo L. , Dias Ana , Freitas Teresa , Pinho Ana C. , Viggiano Diego , Saldanha Carlota , Silva-Herdade Ana S.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Calcium, vitamin D and insulin resistance are linked to osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in menopause. OBJECTIVE: Determine if hemorheological parameters related to blood viscosity in microcirculation are linked to calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in menopause. METHODS: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25(OH)2D), parathyroid hormone, ionized calcium, glucose, insulin and hemoglobin A1c were measured in blood from 43 volunteers. Red blood cells (RBC) aggregation, RBC deformability and whole blood viscosity were also performed. RESULTS: 25(OH)D showed a positive correlation with RBC deformability 0.60 Pa. Subjects with 25(OH)D≤29.00 ng/mL had lower RBC deformability 0.60 Pa, and higher RBC aggregation and higher HOMA-IR. Ionized calcium showed a negative correlation with RBC aggregation. Subjects with ionized calcium ≤1.24 mmol/L showed higher RBC aggregation. There was a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and RBC aggregation and HOMA-IR showed a negative correlation with RBC deformability 0.30 Pa. Subjects with HOMA-IR <1.80 showed lower RBC aggregation and higher RBC deformability at 0.30 Pa, 0.60 Pa, 1.20 Pa, 3.0 Pa and 6.0 Pa. CONCLUSION: Low 25(OH)D, low ionized calcium and high HOMA-IR are related to impaired hemorheology in menopause. RBC aggregation and deformability can be used as biomarkers of calcium metabolism and insulin resistance in menopause.
Effect of intravenous application of nicorandil on area of myocardial infarction in patients with STEMI during the perioperative stage of PCI
Authors: Wang Zheng-Dong , Li Hao , Liu Ming , Li Ping , Chen Jian , Liang Xiang-Wen , Zhu Xian-Zhang , Liao Wang
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nicorandil in improving the area of myocardial infarction in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) admitted to our hospital between December 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 were selected and randomly allocated to the experimental group (group A, n = 60) and the control group (group B, n = 60). In the experimental group, an infusion of nicorandil was given intravenously before the first balloon dilation or 1 minute before the stent placement, and with the completion of the infusion, nicorandil maintenance infusion was given. In the control group, only balloon dilation and stent placement were undertaken. RESULTS: The postoperative peak levels of myoglobin, creatine kinase isoform and hypersensitive troponin T were significantly lower in group A than in group B (p < 0.05). Moreover, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on the 180th day post operation was substantially greater in group A than in group B (p < 0.01), and the area of myocardial infarction was significantly smaller in patients in group A than those in group B on the 180th day post operation (p < 0.01). In terms of the safety, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of slow flow/no reflow, malignant arrhythmias, and hypotension within 24 hours post operation between the two groups (p > 0.05), and no major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) occurred in either group during the postoperative follow-up period of 180 days (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intravenous administration of nicorandil in patients with STEMI during the perioperative percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) period was effective in reducing the area of myocardial infarction and myocardial injury without increasing the incidence of malignant arrhythmias, hypotension, or composite cardiovascular events during the drug administration period.
Valuation of interest rate ceiling and floor based on the uncertain fractional differential equation in Caputo sense
Authors: Jin Ting , Ding Hui , Li Bo , Xia Hongxuan , Xue Chenxi
Published: December 2020

As an economic lever in financial market, interest rate option is not only the function of facilitating the bank to adjust the market fund supply and demand relation indirectly, but also provides the guarantee for investors to choose whether to exercise the right at the maturity date, thereby locking in the interest rate risk. This paper mainly studies the price of the interest rate ceiling as well as floor under the uncertain environment. Firstly, from the perspective of expert reliability, rather than relying on a large amount of historical financial data, to consider interest rate trends, and further assume that the dynamic change of the interest rate conforms to the uncertain process. Secondly, since uncertain fractional-order differential equations (UFDEs) have non-locality features to reflect memory and hereditary characteristics for the asset price changes, thus is more suitable to model the real financial market. We construct the mean-reverting interest rate model based on the UFDE in Caputo type. Then, the pricing formula of the interest rate ceiling and floor are provided separately. Finally, corresponding numerical examples and algorithms are given by using the predictor-corrector method, which support the validity of the proposed model.
A novel approach of CNN for human motor imagery recognition using the virtual electrode pairs
Authors: Lun Xiangmin , Yu Zhenglin , Wang Fang , Chen Tao , Hou Yimin
Published: December 2020

In order to develop an efficient brain-computer interface system, the brain activity measured by electroencephalography needs to be accurately decoded. In this paper, a motor imagery classification approach is proposed, combining virtual electrodes on the cortex layer with a convolutional neural network; this can effectively improve the decoding performance of the brain-computer interface system. A three layer (cortex, skull, and scalp) head volume conduction model was established by using the symmetric boundary element method to map the scalp signal to the cortex area. Nine pairs of virtual electrodes were created on the cortex layer, and the features of the time and frequency sequence from the virtual electrodes were extracted by performing time-frequency analysis. Finally, the convolutional neural network was used to classify motor imagery tasks. The results show that the proposed approach is convergent in both the training model and the test model. Based on the Physionet motor imagery database, the averaged accuracy can reach 98.32% for a single subject, while the averaged values of accuracy, Kappa, precision, recall, and F1-score on the group-wise are 96.23%, 94.83%, 96.21%, 96.13%, and 96.14%, respectively. Based on the High Gamma database, the averaged accuracy has achieved 96.37% and 91.21% at the subject and group levels, respectively. Moreover, this approach is superior to those of other studies on the same database, which suggests robustness and adaptability to individual variability.
Safety of pharmacological options for the management of COVID-19 in pregnant women: An Indian perspective
Authors: Manchanda Kavita , Singh Jasbir , Bhagat Ranjeev , Tiwana Ilmjot Kaur , Singh Harmanjit
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) presenting with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. The first case was reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and it has rapidly progressed to the form of a pandemic. The presentation is mild in about 80 percent of the cases but the disease can also progress to a severe form of respiratory illness leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sometimes multi-organ failure, especially in people with other co-morbidities. Pregnant women also appear to be at a greater risk of acquiring a severe infection due to physiological changes during pregnancy. Many drugs with in vitro activity against the virus or an immunomodulatory effect have been considered for repurposing or have been tried as off-label drugs. The safety data regarding the use of newly approved or off-label or investigational drugs in pregnant women is limited and this poses a great challenge for clinicians. Therefore, it is important to know the utility and safety of the medications to avoid untoward adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the approved, off-label, unlicensed, new and some promising pharmacological options for their use in the treatment of COVID-19 and the safety profile in pregnancy in an Indian scenario.
Methodology of socio-economic development assessment given the characteristics of regional differentiation
Authors: Aivazian S.A. , Afanasiev M.Yu. , Kudrov A.V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the main provisions of the socio-economic development assessment methodology for the Russian Federation regions, taking into account the characteristics of regional differentiation, developed under the leadership of S.A. Aivazian and with his direct participation.
Approximations of the power functions for Wald, likelihood ratio, and score tests and their applications to linear and logistic regressions
Authors: Demidenko Eugene
Published: December 2020

Traditionally, asymptotic tests are studied and applied under local alternative. There exists a widespread opinion that the Wald, likelihood ratio, and score tests are asymptotically equivalent. We dispel this myth by showing that These tests have different statistical power in the presence of nuisance parameters. The local properties of the tests are described in terms of the first and second derivative evaluated at the null hypothesis. The comparison of the tests are illustrated with two popular regression models: linear regression with random predictor and logistic regression with binary covariate. We study the aberrant behavior of the tests when the distance between the null and alternative does not vanish with the sample size. We demonstrate that these tests have different asymptotic power. In particular, the score test is generally asymptotically biased but slightly superior for linear regression in a close neighborhood of the null. The power approximations are confirmed through simulations.
Empirical comparison of skewed t-copula models for insurance and financial data
Authors: Huang Liwei , Shemyakin Arkady
Published: December 2020

Skewed t-copulas recently became popular as a modeling tool of non-linear dependence in statistics. In this paper we consider three different versions of skewed t-copulas introduced by Demarta and McNeill; Smith, Gan and Kohn; and Azzalini and Capitanio. Each of these versions represents a generalization of the symmetric t-copula model, allowing for a different treatment of lower and upper tails. Each of them has certain advantages in mathematical construction, inferential tools and interpretability. Our objective is to apply models based on different types of skewed t-copulas to the same financial and insurance applications. We consider comovements of stock index returns and times-to-failure of related vehicle parts under the warranty period. In both cases the treatment of both lower and upper tails of the joint distributions is of a special importance. Skewed t-copula model performance is compared to the benchmark cases of Gaussian and symmetric Student t-copulas. Instruments of comparison include information criteria, goodness-of-fit and tail dependence. A special attention is paid to methods of estimation of copula parameters. Some technical problems with the implementation of maximum likelihood method and the method of moments suggest the use of Bayesian estimation. We discuss the accuracy and computational efficiency of Bayesian estimation versus MLE. Metropolis-Hastings algorithm with block updates was suggested to deal with the problem of intractability of conditionals.
Lifestyle effects on telomeric shortening as a factor associated with biological aging: A systematic review
Authors: Espinosa-Otalora Raul Enrique , Flórez-Villamizar Jairo , Esteban-Pérez Clara Inés , Forero-Castro Maribel , Marín-Suarez Johana
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Telomeres are structures located at the chromosome ends, whose function is protecting DNA from attrition caused during cell division. Telomeric length serves as a mitotic clock, activating senescence and cellular cycle arrest when it reaches a shortening limit, which causes aging. Lifestyle is a factor that can affect telomeric shortening. Unhealthy habits have been linked to accelerated telomeric shortening, while healthy lifestyles are known to reduce this process and slow down aging. Current community has expressed an interest in improving lifestyle choices; however, an increase in unhealthy habits and chronic stressors have been seen.

OBJECTIVE:

This review aims to show the influence that different lifestyles have on telomeric length.

METHODS:

The review was carried out following the PRISMA statement in three databases. Twenty-eight research articles and nine review articles were reviewed, identifying six main lifestyles habits.

RESULTS:

Regular moderate-vigorous physical activity, dietary patterns rich in vegetables and antioxidants, and the stress control techniques were related to greater telomeric lengths and improvements in the oxidative response by reducing the levels of oxidative stress markers. On the contrary, stress, obesity, smoking, and alcoholism showed a negative effect of shorter telomeres, which can be a factor of early aging.

CONCLUSION:

The previous demonstrates the influences of lifestyles on telomere shortening rates and aging, therefore they should be considered as areas of interest for future research, and personal and community health improvement.
Pattern-based design applied to cultural heritage knowledge graphs
Authors: Carriero Valentina Anita , Gangemi Aldo , Mancinelli Maria Letizia , Nuzzolese Andrea Giovanni , Presutti Valentina , Veninata Chiara
Published: December 2020

Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) have become an established and recognised practice for guaranteeing good quality ontology engineering. There are several ODP repositories where ODPs are shared as well as ontology design methodologies recommending their reuse. Performing rigorous testing is recommended as well for supporting ontology maintenance and validating the resulting resource against its motivating requirements. Nevertheless, it is less than straightforward to find guidelines on how to apply such methodologies for developing domain-specific knowledge graphs. ArCo is the knowledge graph of Italian Cultural Heritage and has been developed by using eXtreme Design (XD), an ODP- and test-driven methodology. During its development, XD has been adapted to the need of the CH domain e.g. gathering requirements from an open, diverse community of consumers, a new ODP has been defined and many have been specialised to address specific CH requirements. This paper presents ArCo and describes how to apply XD to the development and validation of a CH knowledge graph, also detailing the (intellectual) process implemented for matching the encountered modelling problems to ODPs. Relevant contributions also include a novel web tool for supporting unit-testing of knowledge graphs, a rigorous evaluation of ArCo, and a discussion of methodological lessons learned during ArCo’s development.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF IMPLANTATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF MESHES INTO THE ABDOMINAL WALL WITH THEIR INTRAABDOMINAL PLACEMENT
Authors: Krуvopustov Mykola , Tarasiuk Tetiana , Ioffe Oleksandr
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the features of implantation of various types of composite meshes into the anterior abdominal wall. The main purpose of the study was to assess the speed and reliability of fixation of the mesh implant to the parietal peritoneum, its integration into the abdominal wall and the severity of the development of adhesions in the abdominal cavity against the background of intra-abdominal implant placement. The relevance of the study lies in the growth in the percentage of laparoscopic hernioplasty with intra-abdominal mesh placement in medical practice. At the same time, data on the rate of implantation of various types of meshes into the anterior abdominal wall are limited. This leads to a discussion about the choice of the optimal mesh type for its intra-abdominal placement. The research technique consisted in studying the degree of implantation of three types of polypropylene composite meshes into the anterior abdominal wall in an experiment on 27 white Wistar rats. A 2 x 2 cm mesh was fixed to the parietal peritoneum of the anterior abdominal wall intra-abdominally. We used composite polypropylene meshes with various types of structure and outer coating: group I - one-sided anti-adhesive coating with oxidized regenerated cellulose (n = 9), group II - double-sided anti-adhesive coating of polylecapron-25 (n = 9), group III - one-sided anti-adhesive coating with fatty acids Omega-3 (n = 9). The article presents the results of a chronic experiment assessing the state of mesh implantation on days 14, 30 and 90. An analysis of the severity of the adhesive process between the antiadhesive coating of the implant and the visceral peritoneum was carried out. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in the macroscopic assessment of the adhesive process on days 14, 30, 90 of observation (p> 0.05). Histological examination of the “anterior abdominal wall - implant complex” did not confirm statistically significant differences in the strength of mesh fixation in groups I and II to the anterior abdominal wall (p = 0.387) in total for all observation periods, however, on day 30, the formation of a two-layer capsule and seromas was revealed in group II. The formation of neoperitoneum was observed only when using a mesh with an anti-adhesive one-sided coating of oxidized regenerated cellulose on day 90 of observation. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the absence of an anti-adhesive coating in the zone of contact with the parietal peritoneum provides a short time for mesh implantation into the anterior abdominal wall and mesothelium formation. The results of the study can be useful when choosing the type of composite polypropylene mesh in patients with hernias of the anterior abdominal wall, for whom the method of surgical treatment is chosen - laparoscopic prosthetic hernioplasty with intra-abdominal implant placement.
PASTURES, SOIL AND COMPOSTING. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Furtado Gil Dutra , Furtado Ellen Monteiro , Mendes Tamara de Moura , Duarte Grazielly Diniz , Brito Soraya Abrantes Pinto de , Sobral Felipe Eduardo da Silva
Published: December 2020

The Veterinarian must be aware of the pastures and their handling, as the high quality pastures will contribute to an excellent nutrition of the animals. Within this logic, soil is an essential natural resource for the survival of animals, since ecosystems contribute to the growth of plants and to the regulation of water flow in the environment, functioning as an environmental buffer, in the formation, attenuation and degradation of compounds natural. Composting is the process of controlled degradation of organic waste, which is a process in which it seeks to reproduce ideal conditions of humidity, oxygen and nutrients, especially carbon and nitrogen, to favor and accelerate the degradation of waste in a safe manner, avoiding the attraction of disease vectors and eliminating pathogens. Thus, knowing these environmental contributions, will favor in the guidelines that the veterinarian should pass on to the country man, aiming to have a well-nourished herd and with consequent lesser animal convalescence.
CONDIÇÕES FÍSICAS E HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIAS DO ABATE CLANDESTINO EM UM MUNICÍPIO DE ALAGOAS, NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Bezerra Hellen Tenório , Teles José Andreey Almeida , Furtado Gil Dutra
Published: December 2020

O Brasil é líder em exportações e dono do segundo maior rebanho mundial, com cerca de 200 milhões de cabeças de gado. Mesmo apresentando números elevados referentes à produção de produtos cárneos, o país sofre com a clandestinidade no abate de bovinos. Além disso, o consumo de carne ou subprodutos contaminados pode ser a causa de diversas doenças graves. Essas doenças só podem ser devidamente identificadas mediante a inspeção ante e post-mortem às quais os animais são submetidos no matadouro legalizado, procedimento que não ocorre em abates clandestinos. Diante disso, objetivou-se realizar uma análise das condições físicas e higiênico-sanitárias do abate clandestino em um município de Alagoas bem como, sua implicação na saúde pública. Foram realizadas visitas durante o período de junho a julho de 2019, com abate semanal médio de dez animais sendo observados condições das instalações, higiene do local e dos manipuladores, procedimento de matança, uso de equipamentos, forma de abate até o transporte e destino do produto final. Durante a visita ao abatedouro foi observado que no local do abate não tinha nenhum tipo de adequação para o fim a que se destinava, pois não existia nenhum tipo de instalações físicas acontecendo ao ar-livre e favorecendo assim a proliferação de micro-organismos. As pessoas envolvidas não utilizavam EPI’s durante as etapas de abate dos animais. A esfola aérea não era utilizada em nenhum dos animais, devido à inexistência de trilhos aéreos, sendo realizada diretamente no solo, propiciando a contaminação da carcaça. As vísceras eram lavadas em tonéis e baldes de água, manipuladas em cima de lonas e sacos de estopas sendo enxugadas com auxílio de um pano de prato, em precárias condições de higiene. As carnes eram expostas em ganchos facilitando a retirada das pelancas ao ar-livre e à temperatura ambiente, até serem recolhidas e transportadas na mala de carros particulares, carrocinhas e carroceria de caminhão até o mercado e açougues da região, sem refrigeração e condições precárias de armazenamento. Concluiu-se que as condições físicas e higiênico-sanitárias são inexistentes para a finalidade que se destinam, pondo em risco a saúde do manipulador e da população.
PROTOCOLO ANESTÉSICO DENTRO DA DISCIPLINA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA. RELATO DE AULA
Authors: Furtado Gil Dutra , Mendes Tamara de Moura , Furtado Ellen Monteiro , Duarte Grazielly Diniz , Brito Soraya Abrantes Pinto de , Sobral Felipe Eduardo da Silva
Published: December 2020

Todo profissional veterinário deve ter um bom conhecimento dos fármacos terapêuticos, procurando sempre ter uma atualização constante através de consulta a fontes bibliográficas confiáveis. Na anestesiologia, sob a temática de protocolo de intervenção para a realização de uma orquiectomia em cães, é abordada as ações que antecedem a intervenção, procurando oferecer ao paciente canino segurança e bem estar. Para atingir este objetivo é necessário a formação adequada dos acadêmicos de medicina veterinária que tem como alvo primordial uma característica generalista, ter desempenho ético, seguro e apropriado para a responsabilidade de lidar com as vidas dos pacientes animais.