bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
American Muslim Character Cancellation: Framing Engagement through the Sphere of Deviance
Authors: Latif Jibril
Published: October 2020

While freedom of religion is constitutionally safeguarded in the United States, practice and expression thereof are modulated by apparatuses exhorting both ethnic and faith communities to flatten into expedient caricatures. The ‘moderate Muslim’ caricature is contingently acknowledged as a victim of animus thereby expected to unquestioningly advance state objectives. American Muslim scholars consequentially maintain a vigilant wariness of state engagement, sentiments further intensified when Donald Trump came to power. With the Trump regime’s perilous track record, Muslims willing to engage the federal government during the initial term were expectedly criticized. Situating the American Muslim communal consultation process (al-shūrā), this article analyzes 100 opinion editorials responding to the Department of State’s formation of the Commission on Unalienable Rights in 2019, and its inclusion of a recognizable Muslim scholar as commissioner. For disparate reasons, editorials authored by critical communal voices formulated a perceived consensus against any engagement with the regime whatsoever, suggesting self-censoring expressive parameters and balkanization. Using Daniel Hallin’s sphere of deviance, findings indicate that amidst increased expectations for religious leaders to be more accessible and accommodating, communal consultation on political issues broke down in the virtual spaces the scholar’s critics inhabited whilst his own public relations messaging operated with discernable ambivalence. Findings further suggest that as American Muslims increasingly identify with the social justice language of the far-left, communal thought leaders’ racial, ethnic and cultural backgrounds disproportionately factor into how their words and engagements are interpreted and tolerated.
The Interplay of Words and Politics During COVID-19: Contextualizing the Universal Pandemic Vocabulary
Authors: Ali Inayat , Davis-Floyd Robbie
Published: October 2020

In this article, we examine the impacts and effects of the words and terms now related to COVID-19 that have become globally pervasive in social discourse. Illustrating the ongoing interplay between words and politics, we demonstrate how terminologies may shape our interpretations of our experiences and affect the coping strategies we implement. Our arguments draw on Ali’s ethnographic fieldwork on health and illness in Pakistan—primarily on measles and vaccination campaigns in Pakistan’s Sindh province—and his comprehension of local languages and dynamics of power, and Davis-Floyd’s anthropological understandings of the power of language. We argue that using military vocabulary, e.g., “curfew,” “war,” “lock-down,” and the cleverly created “smart lockdown” in Pakistan generates a sense of great “danger” and allows governments to magnify the agency of the virus and to enforce “stringent” measures against its spread. The imported words we discuss herein blur local understandings not only about the virus but also about governmental policies. In contrast, accentuating the importance of local vocabulary, we also argue that local terms, such as “Chilo/â” instead of “Quarantinâ,” would have significantly helped people to make sense of COVID-19 and to take preventive action. We show that becoming conscious about the language used in a pandemic may significantly contribute to efficient ways to contain that pandemic in any country.
Colleagues and Friends: When Collaboration Becomes a Win, Win, Win—The Botanical Research Institute of Texas and Maya Research Program Work Together to Help an Archaeology Project Better Interpret and Protect a Small Portion of Rain Forest
Authors: Bascopé Grace Lloyd , Guderjan Thomas , McClatchey Will
Published: October 2020

Maya Research Program (MRP) has conducted archaeological investigations in Northwestern Belize for twenty plus years. We received a grant from the Botanical Research Institute of Texas to make plant collections in a rainforest remnant, home to the archaeological site of Grey Fox. The team at MRP wished to understand the forest to protect it and the site. In collaboration, we rendered samples of most plant species there, documented ethnobotanical information about the specimens, and gave new insights into ways the collections could be queried to potentially shed light on Ancient Maya plant use and adaptations, subsistence pattern evolution, climate change patterns, and more.
Wound healing effect benzosulfonate 1-ethyl-3-methyl-4,5-bis(n-methylcarbamoyl) imidazolium
Authors: Khnychenko Lydmila K. , Selina Elena N. , Rodionova Olga M. , Piotrovskiy Levon B. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2020

Materials and methods. In experiments on 180 male rats weighing 180200 g, the wound-healing effect of derivatives of imidazole (IEM-1181) was evaluated as a 10% ointment on models of aseptic full-layer linear and planar skin wounds.

Results. It was found that the compound IEM-1181 in the form of 10% ointment has a pronounced on skin wound healing effect, manifested in the qualitative features of the regenerative healing process. With local application of the ointment containing the tested compound, the strength of the tissue formed on the site of a full-layer linear skin wound was increased when its edges were stretched, and the healing time of full-layer planar wounds was reduced. The morphological picture of the tissue formed at the site of the wound defect corresponded to complete healing by primary tension with complete epithelization of the surface and squamous cell differentiation of the epithelial regenerate without signs of inflammation and scar formation.

Conclusion. The results of the study on experimental models of full-layer linear and planar skin wounds indicate that the wound healing effect of the tested ointment is due to the anti-inflammatory activity of the IEM-1181 compound
A CASE STUDY ON PILE DESIGN OF WIND TURBINE FOUNDATION (KAHRAMANMARAS-TURKEY)
Authors: AKGÖNEN Alirıza İlker , ÖZBEK Ahmet
Published: October 2020

In recent years, in parallel with the developing technology not only in the world but also in Turkey, Wind Power Plants (WPP), which are among the renewable energies, are widely constructed. To build the wind turbines safely, the units of the turbine site area should not exhibit weakness, have sufficient bearing capacity, and do not have the risk of settlement and liquefaction. On the other hand, a structural analysis of a bored pile under mat foundation takes an important place in a foundation design of wind turbines. However, there is no design guideline for the wind turbine foundation design for structural engineers.

Kale Energy constructed wind power plants within the scope of the Dilek WPP project located in Alanlı Village, Andırın District, Kahramanmaraş Province. According to the geological and geotechnical studies carried out in the turbine areas, it was determined that the units of the T-12 turbine were weak, and the bearing capacity was determined as insufficient. For this reason, it was planned to carry out the necessary improvement works with the application of piles to ensure adequate bearing capacity of the foundation. This study covers the geotechnical and structural analysis of a bored pile under the mat foundation. As a result of the analyzes, thirty-seven piles were placed under the mat foundation. The length and diameter of the bored pile are determined as 15 and 0.8 meters, respectively. The pile spacing from center to center was used as 3 meters.
The frequency of the psychiatric symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia
Authors: Jafaar Abdul Sahib Adil , Obaid Hussein Kasim
Published: October 2020

The role of psychiatric symptomatic conduct of patients with FD has not been clearly shaped. In this study the role of psychiatric symptoms was evaluated in those patients. One hundred subjects [50 patients with FD (29 women, 21 men)], and [50 healthy individuals (27 women, 23 men)] in Al-Hussain teaching hospital in Samawa city were evaluated. The two groups were almost similar in regard to major demographic variables. Psychiatric symptoms were measured by “SCL-90-R” questionnaire. FD patients had worse psychiatric difficulties than healthy subjects. patients with FD reported more mean scores on psychiatric symptoms than the healthy subjects (somatization 1.87 ±0.74.vs 0.95 ± 0.50),(OCD1.31±0.62 vs 0.86± 0.55),(interpersonal sensitivity 1.08 ± 0.70 vs 0.76 ± 0.54),(depression 1.52±0.86 vs 0.91± 0.50),(anxiety1.53 ±0.59 vs 0.75 ±0.48), (hostility 1.41± 0.72 vs 0.69 ±0.56),(phobic anxiety 0.92 ± 0.73 vs 0.58 ±0.75), (paranoid ideation 1.19 ±0.78 vs 0.74 ± 0.56) , (psychoticism 0.76± 0.69 vs 0.40±0.45) and the total score of mental symptoms.1.29±0.52 vs0.74 ±0.37). All differences were very significant in statistical view with the exception of four measures, where the differences were statistically significant but to a lesser degree، namely the measures of interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, psychoticism. In conclusion, the results show that FD patients experienced more psychological symptoms than healthy subjects, so both physicians and psychiatrists should be aware about this coexistence when they manage such cases. Keywords: Functional dyspepsia, psychiatric symptoms, gastrointestinal
Generalized predictive model of estimation of inhibition of muscarinic receptors M1-M5
Authors: Mikurova A.V. , Skvortsov V.S. , Grigoryev V.V.
Published: October 2020

A general predictive model for assessing the inhibition constant (Ki) value of human acetylcholine muscarinic receptors M1-M5 by potential ligands has been constructed. We used information on the three-dimensional structure of human M1, M2, M4, and M5 receptors, as well as a model of the M3 receptor constructed according to homology based on the structure of the rat M3 receptor. A set of complexes of known inhibitors with the target receptor constructed by means of molecular docking, was selected using an additional option: the coincidence of the spatial position of 4 pharmacophore points of a tested inhibitor and tiotropium, for which the position in the crystal structure was known. For five types of M receptors 199 complexes with known Ki values were selected. Based on the data obtained during molecular dynamics simulation of these complexes by means of the MM-PBSA/MM-GBSA methods, their energy characteristics were calculated. They were used as independent variables in linear regression equations for pKi value prediction. The R2 prediction for the generalized equation was 0.7, and the mean prediction error was 0.55 logarithmic units with a range for pKi=4.7.
Construction of a chimeric human gene encoding renalase with a modified N-terminus
Authors: Fedchenko V.I. , Kaloshin A.A. , Kozlova N.I. , Kopylov A.T. , Medvedev A.E.
Published: October 2020

Renalase (RNLS) is a recently discovered protein that plays different roles inside and outside cells. Extracellular RNLS exhibits protective effects on the cell, acting on its receptor proteins, while intracellular RNLS acts as FAD-dependent oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.3.5). The ratio of the intracellular and extracellular forms of this protein, as well as the mechanisms and factors responsible for its transport from the cell, remain unknown. One of the approaches to studying these issues can be the creation of chimeric forms of this protein with modified fragments of its amino acid sequences. This work describes a method for constructing a chimeric human RNLS gene encoding RNLS without its N-terminal peptid
Inde-Afrique: un partenariat gagnant-gagnant?
Authors: Santime Thierry
Published: October 2020

Ce travail s’interroge sur le caractère « gagnant-gagnant » de la coopération entre l’Inde et les pays africains. Pour ce faire, il aborde multiples facettes de ces relations, à savoir les relations politiques, économiques, militaires et l’aide au développement de l’Inde en Afrique. Alors que la coopération Sud-Sud est souvent vantée par d’aucuns comme modèle de partenariat horizontal, moins intéressé et plus solidaire que la coopération dite Nord-Sud, notre analyse nous amène à soutenir que les relations indo-africaines ne sont pas « gagnant-gagnant » mais plutôt essentiellement en faveur des intérêts de l’Inde. Ceci dit, le travail apporte quelques nuances, en montrant par exemple que la coopération sur le plan militaire semble être mutuellement bénéfique. Somme toute, il ressort de notre analyse que la rhétorique « gagnant-gagnant » tant serinée par les dirigeants indiens (s’inspirant notamment de ceux de la Chine) dans le cadre de la coopération indo-africaine s’avère limitée en termes d’application concrète ou de matérialisation dans les relations. Il est donc nécessaire d’opérer une refonte desdites relations pour les rendre véritablement et équitablement bénéfiques aux deux entités.
Frequency of retained placenta in patients presenting with postpartum haemorrhage after active management of third stage of labour
Authors: Shams Nabila , Yasmin Haleema , Anwer Shaista Bashir , Bai Kalavanti , Rubab Bushra
Published: October 2020

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a potentially life-threatening complication. PPH is defined as blood loss of more than 500 ml in vaginal delivery or 1000 ml in caesarean delivery. The most frequent causes are uterine atony, genital tract trauma followed by retained placenta. Active management of third stage of labour reduces the risk of postpartum haemorrhage and should be offered and recommended to all women.Methods: It was a descriptive (cross sectional study) conducted to determine the frequency of retained placenta in patients presenting with postpartum haemorrhage after active management of third stage of labour, conducted in ward 8, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi from October, 2013 to April, 2014. A total of 189 patients with postpartum haemorrhage after receiving active management of third stage labour were included in this study. All patients were subjected to detailed history and vaginal examination to confirm retained placenta. Data was recorded in a pre-designed proforma.Results: Frequency of retained placenta presenting with postpartum haemorrhage after active management of third stage of labour was observed in 20.11%.Conclusion: It is concluded that active management of the third stage of labour has proved beneficial compared with expectant management based on the decrease in the PPH rate, use of additional uterotonic medication and cost of the care.
Perception of the relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and orthodontic treatment among Saudi population
Authors: Al Shammery Deema , Alfayez Hiba , Al Bukairi Maha , Al Otaibi Mashael , Al Eidan Saja , Al Sinani Yara , Bin Selayem Amjad , Al Hamid Reem
Published: October 2020

Background: The consensus about the relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and orthodontic treatment has gone from a cause and effect association between TMD and orthodontic treatment to the idea that there is no reliable evidence supporting this statement. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment among Saudi population.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey about the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment which was prepared and sent to Saudi population through social medias. Answers were treated by means of descriptive statistics and strong associations between variables were assessed by Fischer’s test.Results: A total of 826 participant were involved in the study and were divided according to age into two groups. Questions about history of receiving orthodontic treatment, knowledge about the tempo-mandibular joint, relationship of orthodontic treatment and TMD and the thought that orthodontic treatment may increase symptoms of TMD were all significant with p<0.005.Conclusion: This study suggests that orthodontists' beliefs about the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD are in accordance with scientific evidence only when referring to treatment and prevention of TMD. The majority of orthodontists believe that, despite scientific evidence, orthodontic treatment can cause TMD.
Effect of lifestyle and socioeconomic status in type I diabetes in children
Authors: Hassan Khaled M. , Suwaydi Abdulbaqi A. , Alshikh Abdulaziz A. , Alkhairi Afnan M. , Nassir Asmaa Y. , Al-Ahmari Hamoud O. , Alamri Mohammed A. , Alghammas Saleh I. , Albalawi Abdulelah S. , Samman Bayan R. , Ananarah Ibrahim M. , Aldarwish Ahlam A. , Nokhefi Waeel M. , Alzain Wesal I. , Hakami Manal T. , Hawsawi Zainab M.
Published: October 2020

Background: This study describes the effect of life style and socioeconomic state in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted in different health centers in Mexico, to clarify and describe relationship between life style, socioeconomic state and occurrence of diabetes type I.Methods: The sample was 65 children with similar characteristics, they agreed to participate in the study, from July 2012 to September 2012. IMEVID was used to describe effect of lifestyle and socioeconomic state.Results: 29.23% has been applied to sustain a "good lifestyle", which corresponded to a "healthy" rating, but highest concentration were in an inappropriate lifestyle (70.77%), classified into two classifications 56.92% was "moderately healthy" and only 13.85% was "unhealthy" behavior. Significant correlation between the styles of life evaluated and considered dimensions, except with the emotional state was found. Relationship existed between the style of life evaluated and perceived by patients.Conclusions: Gradual clarification of the concept known as "lifestyle" has enabled the health sciences resize the notion of the state of "health and disease"; results are consistent with other studies conducted in Mexico.
Oral and dental health comorbidity in COVID-19 era: social aspects and impacts on community dentistry in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammari Abdullah Faraj , Sadoon Abdulmjeed , Aldakhil Ahmed Mohmmed , Alotaibi Alanoud Naif , Alturki Rawan Turki
Published: October 2020

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 a public health emergency of global concern. The most vulnerable populations are elderly and/or medically compromised people. it is recommended that non-emergency and elective procedures be postponed while dental clinics remain open to patients with urgent needs. Providing oral-health instruction is important to limit the needs of patients to leave their homes for treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and behaviour of residents in Saudi Arabia towards their oral health during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Data was collected through online self-administration of the questionnaire on the Google forms platform. Any relationships between the variables were analysed using Pearson’s chi-squared test. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: This study included 1000 participants. 70.7% reported that their oral-health care practices became worse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants’ medical histories revealed that 17.8% had multiple chronic illnesses. Of all respondents, 48.2% believed that COVID-19 is a serious health problem and only 33.4% of respondents were aware that only emergency treatment is being offered at dental clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions: An alarming percentage of participants do not see COVID-19 as threatening to their health. A number of people needed urgent treatment but preferred to stay home because of fear and anxiety connected to the pandemic. The lack of information can lead to the exacerbation of such fear, which in turn causes individuals to neglect their oral health.
Практика земельного передела 1917–1920 гг. и его последствия (на примере Данковского уезда Рязанской губернии)
Authors: Гатилов Эдуард Вячеславович
Published: October 2020

Земля как ведущий ресурс хозяйственной деятельности сформировала к себе определенное отношение со стороны крестьянства. Это отношение, оформившееся в начале ХХ столетия в устойчивое желание к ликвидации частновладельческой собственности на землю, наиболее остро проявлялось в земледельческой массе малоземельного черноземного центра России в период Первой мировой войны и вылилось с Февральской революцией 1917 г. в открытое захватное движение. Хаотичный передел 1917 г. попытались поставить под контроль земельные органы новой большевистской власти. Проведение земельного передела в черноземном регионе в течение 1917–1920 гг. не привело к существенным изменениям параметров хозяйственной деятельности крестьянства, но, напротив, усугубило и законсервировало прежние проблемы деревни. В данной статье ставится целью на основе архивных материалов по Данковскому уезду Рязанской губернии проследить ход земельного передела в провинциальном уезде и крестьянскую рефлексию на данный процесс. Вводимые в оборот новые документы конфликтных комиссий уездного земельного отдела раскрывают содержательную часть крестьянской реакции на ход аграрных трансформаций. Методологической основой настоящего исследования является принцип историзма, сравнительный и статистический анализы, контент-анализ.
Build It and They Will Come! Or, Built to Last? Key Challenges and Insights into the Sustainability of Nonprofit and Philanthropy Programs and Centers
Authors: Rooney Patrick , Burlingame Dwight
Published: October 2020

Using results from 22 key informant interviews from 15 different universities, we analyze why various centers/programs on philanthropic and nonprofit studies started, their key revenue sources, the diversity of funding sources, the role of leadership, succession planning, and what they might have done differently to make things better. These case studies provide insights as to why some centers/programs fail, others barely survive, yet some thrive. While the old saying, “It’s better to be lucky than good” remains true. We found that many of the things we teach in our academic programs work well when leading academic centers: diversify income streams, do not become too reliant on one donor, provide for leadership transitions and succession plans, raise money for endowments, and build advisory boards.
Wilderness-Based Professional Development for Educators: Exploring Outcomes and Influential Programmatic Elements
Authors: Holland W. Hunter , Powell Robert , Holland Kathleen
Published: October 2020

The personal and professional outcomes of experiential wilderness-based professional development programs for K-12 educators have not been adequately evaluated. This study used openended survey questions to identify a range of personal (i.e., self-awareness, new perspectives, self-confidence) and professional (i.e., changes in classroom practices, appreciation for educational practices, improved classroom culture) outcomes. Educators also identified the programmatic elements that were most influential to both personal and professional outcomes. Links between specific programming elements and each unique outcome are also discussed. Results from this study may be used to design experiential continuing professional development approaches for educators.
Size at Maturation, Spawning Variability and Fecundity in the Queen Conch, Aliger gigas
Authors: Appeldoorn Richard S.
Published: October 2020

The queen conch (Aliger gigas) resource is one of the most important in the Caribbean. While aspects of queen conch reproduction have been studied, e.g., size—at—maturity, spawning season, and density—based Allee effects, there is little information on other important aspects. From 210 lipped queen conch collected off southwest Puerto Rico, histological examination of gonads showed that 50% maturation occurred at 9 mm lip thickness. Experimental caged queen conch held on a natural spawning ground were monitored across the spawning season to evaluate fecundity and its variability across individuals and between nominal density treatments (2,000 vs 143 conch/ha). Near daily monitoring identified all egg masses to specific females, and all egg masses were retained to calculate the number of eggs. Conch in the low—density treatment produced more and larger egg masses over a longer spawning season than those in the high—density treatment. Within each density treatment, individual fecundity varied by a factor of 6. The maximum fecundity estimated was 22 million, the maximum number of egg masses spawned was 25, and the largest single egg mass contained 1.48 million eggs. Variability in fecundity was largely driven by length of the individual spawning season, but this may in turn have been dependent on the degree of maturation of females at the start of the spawning season. These results emphasize the importance of allowing queen conch to mature and further grow in lip thickness to ensure sufficient spawning to sustain reproductive capacity. This experimental approach could be used to assess variations in fecundity based on size (length, biomass) and age (lip thickness).
Weed Flora of Vineyards in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey
Authors: Özaslan Cumali , Kaçar Esmanur Pekcan
Published: October 2020

Background: Viticulture occupies an important place in agricultural production of Diyarbakır province, Turkey. However, weeds significantly impair the productivity of vineyards in the province. The knowledge of weed flora of a particular region is crucial to develop region-specific weed management strategies. Methods: This study was carried out to determine the weed species, their densities and frequency of occurrence in 78 vineyards of 13 districts in Diyarbakır province. Exploratory surveys were conducted to record the occurrence, density and coverage area of weed species. A 1×1 m quadrate was used, which was randomly placed in vineyards and weed species falling within the quadrate were noted. Result: A total 165 weed species and 128 taxa belonging to 35 botanical families (1 parasitic, 16 monocotyledons and 18 dicotyledons) were identified from the surveyed area. The weed species’ density over the whole province was 91 weeds m-2. Avena sterilis L. was the most widespread weed with the highest density (9.93 plants m-2) in the surveyed area followed by Fumaria asepale Boiss. (7.18), Galium tricornutum (4.85), Ranunculus arvensis (3.82), Silene aegyptiaca (3.70), Bromus sterilis (3.64) Lamium purpureum (3.58), Hordeum spontaneum (3.35), Anthemis sp. (3.07), Crepis alpina (2.94), Thlaspi perfoliatum (2.91), Alopecurus myosuroides (2.81), Bongardia chrysogonum (2.80), Scandix pecten-veneris (2.24), Cynodon dactylon (1.71), Hypecoum procumbens (1.69), Lolium perenne (1.41), Sorghum halepense (1.33), Sinapis arvensis (1.24), Buglossoides arvense (1.22), Daucus carota (1.21), Trifolium nigrescens (1.21), Vicia hybrida (1.05), Senecio vernalis (1.04) and Ornithogalum narbonense (1.02). The most prevalent weed were L. purpureum (66.68%), Papaver sp. (66.49%), S. vernalis (65.82%), Anthemis sp. (65.10%), A. sterilis (63.07%), R. arvensis (60.44%), Convolvulus arvensis (56.76%), Carduus pycnocephalus (55.79%), G. tricornutum (55.43%), Fumaria asepale (55.05%), Crepis alpina (54.08%), Thlaspi perfoliatum (51.95%) and S. arvensis (51.04%).
Influence of Foliar Sprays of Nutrients on Yield and Yield Accrediting Characters of Kinnow Mandarin: A Review
Authors: . Reetika , Rana G. S. , . Komal , Kumar Sanjay , Saini Poonam
Published: October 2020

Plant nutrients both macro and micro plays a major productive and qualitative role in bringing stability and sustainability in the production system particularly in fruits crops like citrus and therefore, effective nutrient management is critical. The aim of our paper is to study the influence of foliar sprays of nutrients on yield and yield attributing characters such as fruit drop, final fruit retention, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield of Kinnow mandarin as appropriate rate, time and method of application of fertilizers in Kinnow are considered to be the major indices in deciding the desired level of productivity and quality of fruits. Therefore, many studies around the world, evaluating the yield and yield attributing characters of Kinnow mandarin with respect to foliar application of nutrients were studied and their results showed that the foliar application were economically viable and beneficial for both Kinnow productivity and environmental sustainability. Hence, for obtaining better fruit yield and minimizing fruit drop with aim to achieve desired level of productivity and improved fruit quality, foliar spray of macro and micronutrients could be used effectively.
Detection of Outlying Subjects in Bioequivalence Trials
Authors: Harun Mohd , Saurav Sumeet , Varghese Cini , Jaggi Seema , Kumar Devendra
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of veterinary medicinal products is one of the important areas where bioequivalence trials are conducted. One of the problems commonly encountered in bioequivalence trials is outlying subjects. These outlying data may occur either as unexpected observations or as the unusual subject who has extremely high or low bioavailability with respect to the reference formulation and may have dramatic effects on the bioequivalence test. Therefore, it is important to examine the data carefully for identification of outlying observations in bioequivalence studies. In this study we have developed another general approach, termed the Estimated Distance (ED), to the outliers’ detection problem.
Physico-chemical analysis of selected agricultural soil samples in Junnar tehsil of Pune district, Maharashtra
Authors: Acharya Shailesh Maruti
Published: October 2020

An experiment was undertaken at College of Agriculture Business Management, Narayangaon Maharashtra to investigate the physico- chemical properties of Onion and Tomato soil at ten different sites of Junnar tehsil of Pune District during February 2018 to May 2019. The soil parameters like soil pH, EC, Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorous content were analyzed. It was found that there was a marked variation in nutrients and parameters of various sample point in different farmers field. The results of the study show the low levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium in both sites. Also the organic matter is low during the study area.
Plant virus interaction mechanisms and joint pathways in mosaic disease of Small Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum maton) by RNA-Sec
Authors: Jaiswal Sarika , Khan Aamir , K Johnson George , Jasrotia Rahul Singh , Angadi U B , Iqbal Mir Asif , Rai Anil , Kumar Dinesh
Published: October 2020

Small cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), is one of the costliest spices across the globe. It is grown in limited coastal tropical countries. It is widely exported agri-produce with global turnover of > 10 billion USD. It is majorly affected by the mosaic or marble disease and hence warrants the deep study at molecular level. Till now, there is no availability of whole genome sequence along with any genomic resources. Under such cases, RNA seq approach can be a rapid and economical alternative to gather the information at genomic level. De novo transcriptome assembly was carried out using Illumina Hiseq data. Analysis revealed a total of 5317 differentially expressed genes, 2267 transcription factors, >100 pathways and 175,952 genic region putative markers. Gene regulatory network analysis was performed to see the molecular events playing role in marble disease. We report the first transcriptomic results that shows the disease mechanism mediated by perturbation in auxin homeostasis and ethylene signaling. These events lead to senescence. We also developed the web-genomic resource, SCMVTDb which houses putative molecular markers, candidate genes and transcript information. Such web resource can be used in small cardamom germplasm improvement against mosaic disease in endeavour of its increased productivity.
Asymmetrical response surface designs in the presence of neighbour effects
Authors: Bhowmik Arpan , Verma Ankita , Jaggi Seema , Varghese Cini , Datta Anindita , Varghese Eldho
Published: October 2020

In this article, we have discussed a general methodology for constructing Asymmetrical Response Surface Designs in the presence of Neighbour Effects. Methodology of form 2n´3 has been derived. Conditions have been derived for the near orthogonal estimation of coefficients of response model. Further, conditions for rotatability under these models have also been obtained. A method of constructing asymmetrical response surface designs i.e.2n´3 for fitting second order response surface in the presence of neighbour effects has been developed.
Agricultural utility of microorganisms
Authors: Prabha Ratna , Singh D. P. , Rai Anil
Published: October 2020

In the fields, a vast population of the microorganisms is flourishing along side of the plants. This microbial population is structurally and functionally diversified and this diversification is the strength of the population. Presently, fast emerging chemicalization of agriculture is a worry for all concerned. Therefore, the concept of developing microbial application-based agricultural practices and reducing cost of production and minimizing the usage of agricultural chemicals in the fields with the help of microbial based practices is largely being realized.
Study of salt tolerance in wheat varieties through growth and development approaches
Authors: Soni Shobha , Kumar Ashwani , Sehrawat Nirmala , . Pooja , Kumar Naresh , Meena B. L. , Mann Anita
Published: October 2020

Wheat is one of the most important food crops cultivated in India that considered as moderately sensitive to salinity stress. Present study was conducted to evaluate the growth and developmental response of wheat varieties to salt stress using hydroponics technique. Four wheat genotypes i.e. two durum (HI 8713 and MACS 4028) and two bread wheat (KRL 99 and KRL 210) were selected to study their response under control (best available water) and extreme saline environment (ECiw - 10 dS m-1). Using root length as an index of tolerance, KRL 99 was identified as the most tolerant genotypes which showed 35.67 % reduction in root length under saline environment, whereas other showed higher reduction in root length i.e. 41.78% in KRL 210, 50.68% in MACS 4028 and 78.61% in HI 8713, respectively. Similar results were also noted for shoot length. Under saline condition, higher protein accumulation was recorded in MACS 4028 and HI 8713, whereas KRL 210 showed the less increase (42.5%). All the studied genotypes also showed differential protein profiling banding pattern. The present study concluded that durum wheat genotype also have some potential to survive under saline condition based on growth parameters.
Deep ploughing in summer will increase kharif yield
Authors: Chaturvedi Shalini , Shrivastava Atul Kumar , Rathore Falguni , Bunker Neelam
Published: October 2020

Harvesting of rabi crops almost free farmers till the last week of March or the first week of April. At this time there is so much moisture in the field that deep plowing can be done easily. Deep plowing of fields in summer is a profitable deal for the Kharif crop, but it should be done on time. There are more benefits from this. There will be no problem of weeding in the field nor will the crops need more water To make kharif cultivation easier, the agriculture department has released a sowing calendar of kharif crops, informing farmers many tricks of kharif cultivation. Agricultural experts say that summer plowing is most important in the production of kharif crops. Yields can increase by up to 50 per cent if plowed in a fixed period.
Environmental impact of Bansagar Dam on displaced families
Authors: Bunkar Neelam , Hanwat Subodh , Chaturvedi Shalini , Rathore Falguni
Published: October 2020

Bansagar Dam is an inter-state multipurpose large river basin project constructed at a place called Devalond in Shahdol district of Madhya Pradesh state. The dam is built on the Son River (Sonbhadrashila) in Madhya Pradesh. Devalond is located on the Rewa-Shahdol road, about 56 km from Rewa. The height of this dam is 67 meters. We have surveyed the villages which are partially or completely affected by the Bansagar dam, as any development program, as we know, has two stages of construction. There are positive as well as negative effects, so we survey the affected area to compare the pre and post position of the submerged area according to the hypothesis or previous assumption.
Soil Data Analysis and Crop Yield Prediction in Data Mining using R-Tool
Authors: Samundeeswari K. , Srinivasan K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Crop yield prediction is an important issue for the proper selection of crop for sowing. Earlier prediction of crop is done by the farmer’s experience on a particular type of field and crop. Predicting the crop is done by the farmer’s experience based on the factors like soil types, climatic condition, seasons and weather, rainfall and irrigation facilities. Methods: Data mining techniques is the better choice for predicting the crop. Different Data Mining techniques are used and evaluated in agriculture for estimating the future year’s crop production. This research proposes and implements a system to predict crop yield from soil data. This is achieved by applying Decision Tree Algorithm on agricultural data. The main aim of this research is to pinpoint the accuracy of Decision Tree Algorithm and C 5.0 algorithm which is used to predict the crop yield. Result: This paper presents a brief analysis of Crop yield prediction using data mining technique based decision tree algorithm and C5.0 algorithm for the selected region (Krishnagiri) district of Tamil Nadu in India. The experimental result shows that the proposed work efficiently to determine the accuracy of decision tree algorithm and also to predict the crop yield production using R- Tool.
Evaluation of Underutilized Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) Accessions using Morphological and Quality Traits
Authors: Nirubana V. , Ravikesavan R. , Ganesamurthy K.
Published: October 2020

Background: Kodo millet is an important drought tolerant crop and has high nutritional values, dietary fiber and antioxidant properties. It has considerable production potential in marginal and low fertility soils under diverse environmental conditions. Considering the importance of the crop, it is necessary to improve the nutritional quality along with grain yield of the crop. With this background, the investigation was aimed to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis which helps to identify the promising traits for yield and quality improvement. Methods: One hundred and three kodo millet germplasm lines were evaluated for 13 morpho-agronomic and two grain nutritional traits. The crop was raised in randomized block design to select the promising genotypes and to study the association among the traits and the magnitude of direct and indirect effects for fifteen quantitative traits. Result: Based on the overall mean performance the significant genotypes were identified and found wide range of variability for different traits. Character association studies indicated that days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers, peduncle length, inflorescence length, length of the longest raceme and thumb length were significantly positive association with grain yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that inflorescence length, plant height, length of the longest raceme, flag leaf blade length and number of productive tillers exhibited high direct positive effect on grain yield. Therefore, giving importance of these traits during selections may be useful for developing nutritionally superior high yielding kodo millet genotypes.
MORAL DISSONANCE AT WORK AND EMPLOYEES’ PSYCHO-PHYSICAL HEALTH
Authors: Majstorović Nebojša , Vidaković Božana
Published: October 2020

The main objective of this research was to determine the frequency of the occurrence of moral dissonance in the workplace, and its possible consequences for employees’ psycho-physical health. External ethical dissonance at work is defined as a condition stemming from a discrepancy between the employee action and ethical standards in place in the organization, and is primarily caused by the unethical pressure of the management. A sample of 311 employees of both genders, employed both in the private and public sector, with different educational levels and of different ages and seniority, have applied measures of psycho-physical health, measures of frequency of ethical dissonance at work, and the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire. Results show that out of 311 respondents, 72% of them report that they have been in a state of external ethical dissonance at least once in the past year, so we conducted further analyses on data gathered from these 224 employees. Factor analysis of the SUED2R questionnaire has revealed that measures of external ethical dissonance are classified into three indicators, according to the type of unethical pressure: lying for the benefit of the organization, harassing others, and supporting wrong people in the organization. We have found that the incidence of such ethical dissonance is significantly higher in the private than in the public sector, that the increased incidence of all three forms of work dissonance is associated with an increased incidence of symptoms of health disorders. It is concluded that the pressure to act unethically (corrupt behavior) probably contributes to the deterioration of employees’ health. The significance of these findings is that, for the first time, they clearly demonstrate a systematic link between pressuring employees into corrupt behavior, and their psycho-physical health.
A remoção de conteúdos políticos da internet como estratégia eleitoral na democracia brasileira
Authors: Martins Marcel Hofling , Farah Rafael Mott , Toledo Gabriel Single
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: analisar a correlação entre a aproximação de períodos eleitorais no Brasil e pedidos judiciais de remoção de conteúdo na Internet. Metodologia: dados de processos judiciais e relatórios de transparência de provedores de conteúdo pelo método estatístico Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO), obtendo correlações parciais puras entre meses anteriores às eleições e pedidos de remoção ao nível de significância de 1%. Resultados: correlação positiva com aumento de, em média, 42,05 em julho, 120,05 em agosto, 230,25 em setembro e 65,25 em outubro. Discussão: existe uma preocupação dos políticos brasileiros com a repercussão que as informações na Internet terão para os resultados das eleições. Embora a maioria das solicitações de remoção (3.885, 77,2%) seja baseada no argumento de difamação, a coincidência temporal sugere que os pedidos estão relacionados ao processo eleitoral como um todo, e não apenas com a proteção individual da honra ou imagem dos candidatos. Limitações: existem poucos períodos disponíveis para análise, há falta de objetividade na classificação das motivações e inexiste uma categoria específica para remoções políticas nos relatórios dos provedores de conteúdo. Conclusões: os indícios do uso de pedidos de remoção como estratégia eleitoral revelam a necessidade de maior transparência por autoridades públicas sobre conteúdos removidos e justificativas para essas retiradas de informações da Internet
Surface Contamination Of Covid-19: How Long Can The Virus Last?
Authors: Yusnianingsih Cuay , Evangelina Shannon Marcella
Published: October 2020

The novel coronavirus, which is now known as COVID-19, has caused a global pandemic. It is known that the main transmission routes of the novel coronavirus are through droplets, close human-to-human contact, and contact with inanimate surfaces contaminated by the virus. Thus, it is important to find out how long SARS-CoV-2 can remain viable on different surfaces. A study by van Doremalen et al. (2020) found that SARS-CoV-2 can remain viable for up to 72 hours on plastic and stainless steel surfaces, 4 hours on copper, and 24 hours on cardboard. Chin et al. (2020) reported that SARS-CoV-2 could persist on wood and cloth for 2 days, and could last for 4 days on glass and banknotes. These findings indicate that viral contamination of object surfaces is an important and dangerous factor in spread of disease, emphasizing the urgent need for prevention strategies against transmission of infection through contact with inanimate surfaces.
Pilot Study for Azoxymethane-induced Colon Cancer in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Taufik Riska , Pandianta Abidin , Kusuma Rinaldy , Winoto Imelda L. , Suriapranata Ivet , Mathew George
Published: October 2020

Introduction : The use of animal models could significantly further the elucidation of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) molecular pathogenesis and help in the discovery of preventive and therapeutic agents for the disease. Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a widely used chemical agent for Carcinogen induced CRC model. As agent, DMH is however becoming less readily available; hence in this Pilot Study we use Azoxymethane (AOM), a DMH metabolite as an alternative agent to induce CRC in male Wistar rats.

 

Methods: Forty two male Wistar rats at six weeks of age were randomly assigned into negative control groups and groups receiving two AOM injections subcutaneously (SC) within one week interval at 15 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 20 mg/kg BW respectively. Rats were sacrificed 8, 16 and 24 weeks post- AOM administration. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were analyzed. Tumor foci were characterized by gross examination and histopathological characteristics.

 

Results: All rats in the AOM groups developed tumors in the colonic mucosa. Formation of ACF was detected starting from 8 weeks post-AOM injection. The highest number of ACF with multiple crypts was observed at 16 weeks post-AOM administration. The total number of ACF did not vary between the two AOM doses. Mild, moderate and severe dysplastic cells were observed in colonic mucosa starting 8 weeks post-AOM injection. There was no statistically significant difference between number of severe dysplastic cells between the two AOM doses.

 

Conclusion: Administration of AOM 15 mg/kg BW SC is able to induce CRC in male Wistar rats. Higher dose is not necessary since it does not result in higher tumor incidence. This cancer model may be utilized to study chemopreventive effect of various agents in the future.
Risk Factors of Non-typhoidal Salmonella Bacteremia versus Typhoidal Salmonella Bacteremia in Patients from a General Hospital in Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia: a five-year Review
Authors: Lugito Nata , Cucunawangsih Cucunawangsih , Kurniawan Andree , Purnamasari Dewi
Published: October 2020

Salmonella infections including Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) and enteric fever are important global public health problem, causing approximately 94 million human cases of gastroenteritis with 150,000 deaths annually around the globe. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for NTS bacteremia patients compared to Typhoidal patients in Indonesia, area with high incidence of enteric fever. This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in Siloam Hospital in Karawaci, Indonesia, from January 2011 to December 2015. Logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictors of NTS bacteremia including demographic and epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentations, and laboratory results. Out of 129 positive isolates for Salmonella with complete medical records, 18 (13.9%) were positive for NTS. Patients with NTS bacteremia were more likely to belong in the age group below 5 or above 60 year-old, more frequent to have anemia and abnormal leucocyte count. The susceptibility patterns against antimicrobial of NTS bacteremia and Typhoidal bacteremia were similar. In logistic regression analysis, age below 5 or above 60 year-old, hemoglobin level below 12 g/dL and leucocyte count below 4,000/µL or above 12,000/µL were independent risk factors for NTS bacteremia.