bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic bearing capacity with variable shear transfer
Authors: Shi X. , Richards R.
Published: January 2020

The seismic degradation of bearing capacity for drained soils is shown to depend primarily on two factors related to earthquake acceleration: (a) the lateral inertial forces in the structure transmitted as shear at the foundation-soil interface and (b) the lateral body forces in the soil itself. Both induce shear stresses using up the reserve strength of the soil to carry the footing load. During those short periods when this reserve strength provided by the static design factor of safety is exhausted, the footing settles and moves laterally. Solutions for this seismic limit state defining the critical acceleration at which it occurs are determined for any value of shear transfer first by the "exact" method of characteristics and then by a simple Coulomb-type approximate mechanism. Expressions for seismic bearing capacity factors that are directly related to their static counterparts are nearly identical by either method. Thus a straightforward sliding block procedure based on the Coulomb mechanism with examples is presented for computing accumulating settlements due to the periodic loss of bearing capacity. Conversely, this approach leads to a modified static design procedure for shallow footings to limit seismic settlements in a prescribed earthquake intensity zone.
A procedure for modelling near-field earthquake intensities
Authors: Smith W. D.
Published: January 2020

Close to the rupture surfaces of large earthquakes, the pattern of intensity is expected, on physical grounds, to reflect the fault geometry. But there are usually not enough observational data to constrain isoseismals at such short distances. In order to obtain a plausible model to sustain hazard estimation exercises, a simple procedure for evaluating intensities is presented. It involves using a point-source attenuation function to calculate the contribution to the ground motion due to an element of the source, then integrating along the fault trace or, for dipping faults, over the entire rupture surface. In the far field, the intensity so derived is exactly equivalent to that obtained if the entire rupture is represented by a point source.
A note on the Arthur's Pass earthquake 18 June 1994
Authors: Berrill J. B. , McManus K. J. , Clarke G. H.
Published: January 2020

The M6.3, 18 June 1994 Arthur's Pass earthquake was notable for the strength of shaking recorded at Arthur's Pass Township and for the little damage it caused to bridges and houses. Bridges, the only major man-made structures in the epicentral region except the rail tunnel, survived with only superficial damage, probably because of their dense foundation soils.

An accelerogram recorded at the Pass township exceeds the current design motions by about 40 percent in the 0 to 0.5 second band.
Legal Philosophy as an Enrichment of Doctrinal Research Part I: Introducing Three Philosophical Methods
Authors: Taekema Sanne , van der Burg Wibren
Published: January 2020

Legal Philosophy as an Enrichment of Doctrinal Research Part I: Introducing Three Philosophical Methods

In this article, we discuss a particular form of interdisciplinary legal research. We focus on a discipline that may be fruitfully combined with doctrinal research, namely philosophy. The aim of this article is to give an account of the methods of philosophy that are most relevant and useful for doctrinal legal scholars. Our focus is therefore mostly on legal philosophy and the philosophical subdisciplines closely related to it, such as political philosophy and ethics. We characterize legal philosophy in three complementary ways: as an activity, as insights, and as theories. We then discuss three methods of legal philosophy: argumentation analysis and construction, author analysis and reflective equilibrium. In the practice of research these three methods are usually combined, as we will show with various examples.
Puebla, ciudad episcopal
Authors: Serna Arnaiz Mercedes
Published: January 2020

Nota.
Reseña de Francisco Ramírez Santacruz, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. La resistencia del deseo.
Authors: Izquierdo Domingo Amparo
Published: January 2020

Reseña de Francisco Ramírez Santacruz, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. La resistencia del deseo.
Reseña de Peter Frankopan, Silk Roads. A New History Of World.
Authors: López Alba María
Published: January 2020

Reseña de Peter Frankopan, Silk Roads. A New History Of World.
The effect of groups on trust violation and recovery
Authors: Friedrich Marcos Paulo Albarello , Basso Kenny , Espartel Lélis Balestrin , Dalla Corte Vitor Francisco
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study explores the effect of groups in client trust violation and consequent recovery. Moreover, the group polarization effect is examined as the mechanism to explain this effect.Method: Two experimental studies were used to test four hypotheses. Each experiment used a different context. Study 1 was based on hotel service, while Study 2 was based on taxi service. We used ANOVA to test the main effects and a mediation analysis to test the role of group polarization.Main results: The presence of a group will enhance the erosion of a client’s trust in cases of failure and increase the effectiveness of the trust recovery attempt. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the manipulation of the number of individuals has a significant effect on the trust violation and recovery and that these relationships are mediated by a group polarization effect.Theoretical contribution: Most trust violation and recovery studies have addressed individual subjects. However, in consumption situations, clients are frequently found to be in groups. Thus, this study highlights how the presence of a group can influence trust violation and recovery.Managerial implications: In the case of client groups, service failure can be expected to have a greater impact on client trust and can be more decisive in creating negative behaviors. To restore trust, it was found that client groups have a higher positive variation of trust than when they are alone, which influences in the efficacy of recovery tactics.
The influence of the involvement with products on consumer practices of empty nest couples
Authors: Da Silva Iara Silva , Rohde Liliane Antunes
Published: January 2020

Goal: to analyze the influence of involvement with products focused on leisure and gastronomy - books, trips and wines - on the consumption practices of empty nest couples.Method: a triangulation of methods through exploratory (qualitative) and descriptive (quantitative) research, through in-depth interviewing techniques and questionnaires. For data analysis of the qualitative (content analysis) and the quantitative (descriptive statistics) research. At the time of analysis, the data is triangulated to arrive at the results.Originality / Relevance: is present in the application of the New Involvement Profile (NIP) scale, tested and adapted to the Brazilian reality by Fonseca (1999).Results: it is important to highlight that couples presented situational involvement with the investigated products; therefore, products have no relevant meaning and/or define couples’ lifestyle and self-concept. In addition, the consumer practices of empty nest couples reinforced their concern with keeping close bonds with their children.Theoretical and Methodological Implications: the application of the New Involvement Profile (NIP) scale is a contribution in this field, being adapted to the Brazilian context and to a specific segment - the empty nest couples.
Young Brazilians' purchase intention towards jeans made of Tencel fibers
Authors: Lionço Andréia , Ribeiro Ivano , Johann Jerry Adriani , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: January 2020

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the attitudes, perceptions and behavioral intentions of young Brazilian customers regarding the purchase of clothing made of environmentally sustainable fabrics, particularly denim produced with cotton and the addition of Tencel® in its composition.Method: A self-administered questionnaire was supplied to 252 undergraduate students of the course Applied Social Sciences from two universities. The data were analyzed using the statistical method of structural equation modeling.Findings: The results showed that the consumer knowledge, perceived effectiveness and personal relevance affect the attitude and subjective norm, to a greater or lesser degree. However, they do not affect the perceived behavioral control.Originality/value: The study shows a synthesis of elements that can assist academic researchers and marketing practitioners in decoding the factors that influence young Brazilian consumers towards the purchase of environmentally sustainable apparel and textiles.Theoretical contributions: This study contributes to understanding the complex relations among the variables such as consumer knowledge, perceived consumer effectiveness and perceived personal relevance and, according to the TPB, the three independent determinants of behavioral intention, namely attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control.Practical contributions: These results point out that, in addition to the investment in environmental education made by educators and institutions, producers should invest in better communication strategies in order to enable these consumers to improve their knowledge of ecologically sustainable clothing options and thus increase their purchase intentions of such products, contributing to the preservation and improvement of the environment.
Identification of students' expectations regarding higher education in the new social context: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Moraes Cristine Do C.S. B. de , Montebelo Maria Imaculada De Lima , Zaccaria Rosana Borges , Cremonezi Graziela Oste Graziano
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study sought to identify the main aspects related to students' expectations regarding higher education.Method: The research was conducted in the Capes (Coordination for Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), in the last 10 years, through blind review system. The scientific methods used were SLR (Systematic Literature Review), meta-analysis (Cooper, 2016) and content analysis (Bardin, 2011).Originality / Relevance: Despite recent surveys on higher education, the originality of the study can be justified by the lack of studies addressing the expectation on higher education using meta-analysis.Results: The article identifies the gaps that exist between the offer made by the HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) and what is really expected by students towards higher education. Such comprehension can contribute to improve the marketing strategies, as well as the management of the HEI services, by understanding the factors that may affect the student behavior.Theoretical / Methodological Contributions: This research contributes to the understanding of the changes that have affected the education field, especially higher education, in which is noticed the increasing dropout and mismatch between the objectives of the subjects involved, as well as the profound ongoing changes in the social, economic and technological contexts. Therefore, it serves as a subsidy for marketing studies, especially on consumer behavior, as well as to surveys related to the higher education.
A hermenêutica jurídica do Art. 1º da Lei Complementar nº 3.843/17 no município de Barra do Garças-MT, à luz da visão holística do meio ambiente e da sociedade de risco
Authors: Vieira Ângela Diniz Linhares , Cardoso Laura Renata Araújo , Diniz Bismarck Duarte
Published: January 2020

O trabalho em voga objetiva denunciar a deficiência legislativa na seara ambiental, a qual enseja o enfraquecimento da visão holística nos tempos hodiernos, bem como evidencia as mazelas infiltradas no Estado de Direito Ambiental acobertado pela Sociedade de Risco, causando, neste viés, a insegurança jurídica. Explanou-se as incidências da sociedade de risco através de Beck (1999), Direitos Humanos por Bobbio (2004), Estado Ambiental e hermenêutica jurídica a partir de Leite (2012) e Constituição Federal de 1988. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica tendo em vista as obras e legislação utilizadas. Empregou-se o método dedutivo e pesquisa qualitativa, a qual envolve dinamicidade entre o mundo subjetivo e objetivo. Em suma, o artigo resultou na conscientização da importância de interpretar normas ambientais para efetivar o Estado de Direito Ambiental submergido na sociedade de risco.
Administração pública gerencial e estatuto jurídico das empresas estatais: práticas de governança corporativa em prol da sustentabilidade socioeconômica
Authors: Da Costa Simionato Katia Maria , Kempfer Marlene
Published: January 2020

A partir dos estudos de Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira sobre a administração pública gerencial e da Lei 13.303/16, o enfoque da pesquisa é apresentar o regime jurídico de atuação empresarial por meio da prestação de serviços públicos (art. 175, CF/88) e no domínio econômico (art. 173, CF/88), com ênfase à exigência legal de que a gestão destas empresas seja feita por meio de práticas de governança corporativa - transparência, equidade, prestação de contas e reponsabilidade corporativa. Este caminho está conforme o valor da eficiência introduzido por meio da EC 19/1998, fundamento para implementar as diretrizes do gerencialismo na administração pública. Defende-se que os mesmos benefícios que tais práticas trazem para as empresas privadas poderão ser colhidos nas empresas estatais, tornando-as sustentáveis no seu sentido socioeconômico e justificando o capital público nelas investido.
Evidence for supercoughers in an analysis of six tuberculosis cohorts from China, Peru, The Gambia and Uganda
Authors: Handel A. , Martinez L. , Sekandi J. N. , Bellan S. E. , Zhu L. , Chen C. , Liu Q. , Donkor S. , Sutherland J. , Hill P. C. , Gilman R. H. , Grandjean L. , Whalen C. C.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: It is very difficult to observe tuberculosis (TB) transmission chains and thus, identify superspreaders. We investigate cough duration as a proxy measure of transmission to assess the presence of potential TB superspreaders.DESIGN: We analyzed six studies
from China, Peru, The Gambia and Uganda, and determined the distribution of cough duration and compared it with several theoretical distributions. To determine factors associated with cough duration, we used linear regression and boosted regression trees to examine the predictive power of
patient, clinical and environmental characteristics.RESULTS: We found within-study heterogeneity in cough duration and strong similarities across studies. Approximately 20% of patients contributed 50% of total cough days, and around 50% of patients contributed 80% of total cough
days. The cough duration distribution suggested an initially increasing, and subsequently, decreasing hazard of diagnosis. While some of the exposure variables showed statistically significant associations with cough duration, none of them had a strong effect. Multivariate analyses of different
model types did not produce a model that had good predictive power.CONCLUSION: We found consistent evidence for the presence of supercoughers, but no characteristics predictive of such individuals.
Policies, practices and barriers to implementing tuberculosis preventive treatment—35 countries, 2017
Authors: Surie D. , Interrante J. D. , Pathmanathan I. , Patel M. R. , Anyalechi G. , Cavanaugh J. S. , Kirking H. L.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) reduces the development of tuberculosis (TB) disease and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Despite this known effectiveness, global uptake of TPT has been slow. We aimed to assess
current status of TPT implementation in countries supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).METHODS: We surveyed TB-HIV program staff at US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) country offices in 42 PEPFAR-supported countries about current
TPT policies, practices, and barriers to implementation. Surveys completed from July to December 2017 were analyzed.RESULTS: Of 42 eligible PEPFAR-supported countries, staff from 35 (83%) CDC country offices completed the survey. TPT was included in national guidelines in 33 (94%)
countries, but only 21 (60%) reported nationwide programmatic TPT implementation. HIV programs led TPT implementation in 20/32 (63%) countries, but TB programs led drug procurement in 18/32 (56%) countries. Stock outs were frequent, as 21/28 (75%) countries reported at least one isoniazid
stock out in the previous year.CONCLUSION: Despite widespread inclusion of TPT in guidelines, programmatic TPT implementation lags. Successful scale-up of TPT requires uninterrupted drug supply chains facilitated by improved leadership and coordination between HIV and TB programs.
Diabetes and body mass index in relation to risk of active tuberculosis: a prospective population-based cohort
Authors: Soh A. Z. , Chee C. B. E. , Wang Y-T. , Yuan J-M. , Koh W-P.
Published: January 2020

SETTING: Although diabetes (DM) and low body mass index (BMI) are established risk factors for active tuberculosis (TB), the joint effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and BMI is unclear.DESIGN: A prospective cohort of 63,257 adults aged 45–74 years were recruited
from 1993 to 1998 in Singapore. Active TB cases were identified via linkage with the National TB Registry up to December 2014. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relations of T2D and BMI, independently and jointly,
with TB risk.RESULTS: T2D was associated with increased TB risk (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.93–2.78). Conversely, BMI was inversely associated with TB risk: HR for underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) was 2.87 (95% CI 2.15–3.82) compared to obese (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2)
individuals. Compared to obese individuals without T2D, HR for active TB among underweight individuals with T2D was 8.30 (95% CI 4.43–15.54). There was no statistically significant interaction between BMI and T2D on TB risk (Pinteraction = 0.85).CONCLUSION:
Underweight and T2D are independent determinants for active TB. This has important public health implications in Asia where prevalence of tuberculous infection is high, and T2D occurs at lower levels of BMI.
Volunteering – opportunity for social rehabilitation of persons serving a prison sentence
Authors: Iwanicki Hubert
Published: January 2020

The aim of the article is to present and discuss volunteering as an opportunity for social rehabilitation of persons serving a prison sentence and to show its impact on the process of social rehabilitation. It discusses the legal foundations of volunteering, its specificity and nature, primarily in the context of the possibility of implementing this form of social activity by prisoners. The focus was also on motives prompting prisoners to volunteer activity. The main part of the publication focuses on discussing the benefits of volunteering in the context of personality and social transformation of prisoners and highlighting its role in social rehabilitation interactions.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS IN INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Ocieczek Wioletta , Gajdzik Bożena
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this publication was to prepare content about the evolution of socially responsible business in industry 4.0. Thesis presents key areas of the responsible business at level 4.0. Thesis was created based on literary study and presents contribution of its authors into knowledge development in scope of area changes in SR on Industry 4.0 level. Thesis introduction reminds the essence of SR, at the next stage in the reference to selected conceptual approaches the image of Industry 4.0 was presented. Thesis outlines the specification of Industry 4.0 called fourth industrial revolution or industry of fourth generation. Next section of the work briefly describes studies in area of responsible business 4.0 which are currently very rare. The last part of this thesis presents the main directions of responsibility impact in industry 4.0, and discusses the conclusions regarding the challenges for SR development. The work ends with a summary together with an indication of the main directions of development of responsibility in Industry 4.0.
The Optimum Model of Compensation for Wrongful Detention on Remand – A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Jasiński Wojciech , Czerwińska Dorota , Kowalczyk Artur
Published: January 2020

The aim of the paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of regulations regarding compensation for wrongful detention on remand in three continental law states - Germany, France and Poland - in order to identify the similarities and differences between the adopted provisions and critically assess their advantages and disadvantages from the perspective of an optimum model of such compensation. Legal regulations regarding compensation for wrongful preliminary detention are matter of crucial importance, because they not only protect the right to liberty, by making the State accountable for its violations, but also strengthen confidence in criminal justice system. If the state is granted power to do justice and that prerogative is be to accepted by individuals, there has to exist an effective mechanism of compensating damages resulting from defective functioning of courts. The significance of the above-mentioned mechanism is visible especially in situations where the deprivation of liberty occurs before the final judgment is passed. In such cases those who are detained are people protected by the presumption of innocence. Wrongful detention of an innocent person is a particularly serious case, calling for a firm and speedy reaction of the State. Analysis of German, French and Polish regulations concerning compensation for wrongful detention on remand includes their brief history, grounds for claiming compensation, exemptions from state’s liability and analysis of procedure allowing to demand compensation. The comparison between two major Western European jurisdictions (Germany and France) and major Central and East European jurisdiction (Poland) indicates that there are remarkable differences between regulations regarding compensation for wrongful preliminary detention. They concern grounds for compensation, exemptions from state liability and, particularly, the mode of claiming compensation. The differences between analysed legal systems justify a critical analysis of adopted provisions in order to establish which model, using the expression of the European Court of Human Rights, best guarantees that the right to compensation for wrongful detention is practical and effective, not theoretical or illusory.
Legal System Of Tax Income And Tariff Revenue In The Natural Resources And The Mining Sector In Nigeria: Obstacles And Challenges In Collecting Taxes And Duties, Parliamentary And Judicial Control
Authors: Ninyio Ninette Nyalyen
Published: January 2020

Nigeria is endowed with a wide variety of economic minerals which are spread across all the geopolitical zones of the nation. The ownership, management and control of natural resources in Nigeria is enshrined in the Constitution, and recognized by the United Nations Organization (UN). In 1962, the General Assembly of the United Nations deliberated and adopted Resolution 1803, (xvii) titled “Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources”. This resolution changed the ownership structure of natural resources from investor ownership to State control of natural resources. The Federal Government of Nigeria, being the owner of natural resources in Nigeria, by virtue of being a member of the United Nations, and a signatory to the treaty which has been transmuted into municipal law, formulates policies which guarantee it receives some compensation for allowing the extraction of these resources. Chief among these policies is the fiscal policy, which is aimed at ensuring that government acquires benefits from the mining of these resources, or simply referred to as taxation or the levying of tax. The legal regime of these fiscal policies is what this presentation seeks to examine, and shall be considered against the backdrop of the obstacles and challenges that mitigate the optimal realization of benefits to be accrued in its implementation, which may be parliamentary or judicial in nature. In doing this, the various extant tax laws on are examined. For clarity, Nigeria operates a presidential system of government and not a parliamentary one, and any reference to parliamentary here strictly means the legislative segment of the government.
Prosecution in Criminal Tax Proceeding in Nigeria, Legal Challenges
Authors: Selkur Rita Dashe
Published: January 2020

Tax, being a compulsory exertion by government on the citizen, is regulated by statute in which case citizens are to comply with. It is a strict liability offence which if it is demanded that you have not paid, the defence is for you to show you have paid. Be it an individual or corporate body. The concept of prosecution in Taxation in Nigeria is roughly captured by the FIRS ACT for the Federal government and the SIRB Law for the various States, including the TAT ACTS as an undertaking in the progressive development and reform of the substantive and applicable laws in Nigeria to be on the same page with the developed countries. Where there is an offence, the law proscribes for penalty which could be in terms of fines, imprisonment etc. However, some of these offences are sometimes not prosecuted. It is recommended that in order to ensure tax compliance, prosecution of offences should be taken seriously as the outcome of any tax matter affects the behaviour of tax payers wherein, it is taken that the motivation for crime is the criminal’s belief that he can enjoy his loot. I have highlighted the importance and the process in prosecution of Tax offences, the worrying aspect in my humble view in form of the challenges which needs to be considered critically then finally, a pause to rethink and the way forward. Useful materials were gotten from books, journals and the internet.
The Role of International Institutions (E.G. World Bank) In Co-Financing Public Institutions in Nigeria: Obstacles and Challenges for an Effective and Transparent Procedure.
Authors: Lakai Lohya Ibrahim
Published: January 2020

Nigeria as a state is a member of many international institutions and organizations. Nigeria has also benefited from these institutions particularly financial institutions. For example, the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Paris club, The German Development Bank (KWF), African Development Bank, etc. through loans, grants and aid assisted the Nigerian Government in funding some projects and institutions. Despite this funding, Nigeria Institutions continues show little or no impact commensurate to the funding plunged. This work tries to discuss the role of international institutions in co-financing public institutions in Nigeria. In discussing the role of international institutions, the obstacles and challenges for an effective and transparent procedure will be considered as well as proffer solutions to them.
Community
Authors: nikolić mirko , Skinner Sam ,   DePaul University
Published: January 2020

This essay discusses notions of community, commoning, and assemblage, in conjunction with new materialist and posthumanist onto-epistemologies and ethico-politics. The analysis is situated within, and applied to, current debates in ecological and community-oriented art, curating, and activism. The essay concludes with an articulation of what a “community of material-discursive commoning” may be constituted by, through, and with.
Impact of the therapist’s “use of self”
Authors: Sleater Andrew M. , Scheiner Julie
Published: January 2020

The aim of this research was to explore the therapist’s “use of self” to gain an understanding of this phenomenon through the participants’ lived experience. A literature review yielded a number of common themes associated with “use of self”: self-disclosure, personality, intersubjectivity, relationality, attachment, belief systems, and embodiment. The study comprised of semi-structured interviews conducted with six experienced and accredited clinicians. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used, as it facilitated the objectives of the research, which were to capture the lived experience of the clinicians, identify common themes, and observe for any new insights. The authors found three superordinate themes in relation to the therapist’s “use of self”, all of which are intertwined: connection, awareness and wellness. The research supports the fact that the therapist’s “use of self” has an impact on therapy. While connection and awareness feature strongly in the literature, the importance of wellness is not highlighted. The authors propose that an obligate symbiosis exists between awareness and wellness.
Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in greek-cypriot adolescents and young adults
Authors: Koushiou Maria , Nikolaou Patrisia , Karekla Maria
Published: January 2020

The present study aimed to explore the prevalence rates of eating disorders among Greek-Cypriot adolescents and young adults and examine the role of the following variables in relation to eating disorder risk: gender, age, dieting, exercise and present-ideal weight discrepancy. One thousand and eighty-one middle, high school and university students responded to self-reported measures assessing eating disorders, weight-related concerns and behaviors. Prevalence estimates were 26% for high eating disorder risk and 14.98% for subthreshold eating disorders symptoms while 12% of participants met criteria of an eating disorder diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed well-established predictors for eating disorder risk including present to ideal weight discrepancy which had a differential effect on risk in adolescents (i.e., 6-10 kg) and young adults (11+kg). This is the first study to provide prevalence rates of the entire eating pathology spectrum among Greek-Cypriot youth. Results are discussed in terms of their implications in the development of age-specific screening tools and prevention programs.
Soviet Modernity and Modernity of Soviet Period
Authors: Leonavičius Vylius
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the concept of multiple and entangled modernity that is proposed instead of universal Western-type modernity that is criticized by the modernity discourse. We argue that the concept of multiple modernity is broadened by the concept of entangled modernity. The latter explains the multiplicity of modernities and the theoretical possibility of a certain universal model of modern society through the global interaction of societies. From the point of view of entangled modernity, a certain universality of societies arises not from the structural evolution of society itself, but from the interaction of modern and pre-modern societies. The concept of entangled modernity allows one to analytically distinguish between the Soviet modernity and the Soviet period modernity, which can be used to describe the modern Lithuanian society of the Soviet period. The modern Lithuanian society of the Soviet period is the result of an interaction of the modern Lithuanian society with the Soviet project of modern society that was forcibly implemented by local social agents of the occupied society.
Eligibility Criteria for the Upper Middle Class
Authors: Taljūnaitė Meilutė
Published: January 2020

Each country has its own criteria for the upper middle class. On the other hand, it is clear that even the general principles that define the middle class in different countries differ markedly between them. The US and British criteria are often compared. The role of the family as an element of social stratification is important in the British upper middle class model. The article advocates the influence of family stratification on the formation of the upper (and not only) middle class in Lithuania. Not only does the upper middle class have self-employment, its income is above average and it has higher education, it also influences, identifies trends and fundamentally shapes public opinion (an aspect of its ‘social role’). The broad upper middle class is not so much a guarantor of the welfare state but of social stability in the country.
The Dynamics of Trust in Institutions in Lithuania during 1998–2018: Long-term and Ad hoc Factors of Influence
Authors: Gaidys Vladas
Published: January 2020

The Public Opinion Research Centre ‘Vilmorus’ has conducted 226 representative surveys on trust in institutions in the period of 1998–2018. Trust in the Parliament, Government, political parties, banks, healthcare system, education system, police, church and other institutions was investigated. The analysis of the dynamics of trust/ distrust allows us to reveal at least four factors influencing the results. Long-term factors are general positive (or negative) impacts of economic/social/political trends in the society. The growth of trust is typical for the police and defence systems in Lithuania. The church, education system and media decreased trust in this period. Other institutions do not have one direction of dynamics because of ad hoc events or political cycle influence. Ad hoc influences are negative, as a rule: bankruptcy of a bank, the economic crisis, a wrong behaviour of representatives of the institutions, etc. The following institutions were influenced by ad hoc events and lost 10 percent points of trust at least: banks, President, social insurance, church, police and army. The influence of a political cycle is noticeable for the Parliament, Government and President institutions before and after elections. Some seasonal monthly influences (the Easter period for church or the exams period for the education system, for example) are statistically significant but very small (socially insignificant). Different aspects of the dynamics of trust in the institutions need different methodological approach in the analysis of the empirical data.
La recepción de Cervantes en los siglos XX y XXI: itinerarios del mito del Quijote en distintas artes
Authors: López Carmen María López
Published: January 2020

La condición de aquello que, en términos literarios o artísticos llamamos clásico, se mide en virtud de su inagotabilidad y legado perpetuo, moldeable a distintas formas, estilos y modos de decir una misma semilla originaria. Cervantes y su criatura literaria -el Quijote- se avienen a esta estirpe de creaciones inagotables, tal como revela el volumen titulado Cervantes en los siglos XX y XXI. La recepción actual del mito del Quijote, editado por Paloma Ortiz de Urbina Sobrino y publicado por la prestigiosa editorial Peter Lang en la colección “Perspectivas hispánicas”. La obra que nos ocupa tiene la virtud de cristalizar miradas muy diversas en torno a la figura del Quijote, analizando su relieve en áreas de conocimiento tan plurales como la literatura, la historia, la filosofía, la música o los medios audiovisuales como el cine o las series de televisión. Resultado del congreso internacional “La recepción de Cervantes en los siglos XX y XXI. Mitos y leyendas” celebrado los días 5, 6 y 7 de octubre de 2016 en el Rectorado de la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, bajo la coordinación de Paloma Ortiz de Urbina, directora del grupo RECEPTION, Estudios de Recepción, es esta selección tan exquisita que compendia los estudios de mayor calidad literaria presentados a dicho simposio.
Iluminaciones en la sombra: el diario de Alejandro Sawa en la literatura española
Authors: Amo Álvaro Luque
Published: January 2020

Iluminaciones en la sombra (1910) se publicó póstumamente un año después de la muerte de Alejandro Sawa (1862-1909). El presente trabajo propone analizar su carácter de diario personal con entidad literaria, algo que no ha ocurrido con frecuencia y que puede ayudar a su asentamiento canónico. Se ha definido Iluminaciones en la sombra, así, como un libro de ensayos, un libro de crónicas, un libro misceláneo a secas e incluso como una novela, y solo algunos especialistas lo han catalogado como un diario. Un análisis que permita una definición más clara sobre su naturaleza literaria y autobiográfica puede dar cuenta de su importancia en la constitución de un nuevo género en el contexto español.

Iluminaciones en la sombra (1910) was published posthumously one year after the death of Alejandro Sawa (1862-1909). The present work proposes to analyze its character as a personal diary with a literary entity. This can affect the canonical consideration of this work. Iluminaciones en la sombra has been defined as a book of essays, a book of chronicles, a miscellaneous book or a novel; only some specialists have cataloged it as a personal diary. This article aims to clarify the literary and autobiographical nature of this work, with the objective of confirming its importance in the constitution of a new genre in the Spanish context.
Poética cuántica: ficción del cosmos de Mircea Cărtărescu
Authors: García-Minguillán Claudia
Published: January 2020

Este artículo propone un marco teórico, a modo de poética, de la narrativa breve del autor rumano Mircea Cărtărescu. Numerosos nexos entre los relatos que componen Nostalgia apuntan a una intertextualidad situada por el autor en puntos estratégicos de la obra, los cuales generan una sensación de unión entre las distintas historias. Estos puntos estratégicos de la ficción tienen inicio con el relato de un jugador de ruleta rusa. Los principios matemáticos ahí planteados, formulan, en clave de ficción, la teoría de los mundos posibles. Analizaremos, por tanto, los orígenes de esta técnica narratológica en las corrientes más actuales de la física cuántica.

This article aims to propose a theoretical framework, as a poetic, of the brief narrative of the Romanian author Mircea Cărtărescu. Several links between the stories that make up Nostalgia point to an intertextuality placed by the author in strategic points of the narrative, which generate a sense of union between the different stories. These strategic points of fiction begin with the story of a Russian roulette player. The mathematical principles set out there formulate the theory of possible worlds in a fictional key. We will analyze, therefore, the origins of this narrative technique in the currents of quantum physics.
Althénopis: La Novela trigeneracional de Fabrizia Ramondino
Authors: Reyes Ferrer Maria
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo se centrará en el análisis de Althénopis (1981), la primera novela publicada por la escritora italiana Fabrizia Ramodino. Esta obra, parcialmente autobiográfica, se caracteriza por la minuciosidad de las descripciones y la sucesión de escenas cotidianas, todo ello ambientado en el entorno familiar de la protagonista. Concretamente, nos detendremos en el estudio de la triada familiar, compuesta por la abuela, la madre y la protagonista y cómo, a través de la cotidianidad, la escritora desvela las relaciones entre ellas.

This article is focused on the analysis of Althénopis (1981), the first novel published by the Italian writer Fabrizia Ramondino. This piece of work, partially autobiographical, is characterized by the thoroughness of description and the succession of a sequence of scenes from everyday life, all of them set in the family environment of the protagonist. In particular, we are going to study the familiar triad, formed by the grandmother, the mother and the protagonist, and how throughout daily life events, the writer reveals the relationship among them.
La laisse CLXXXVII: estructura y motivos cómicos en la Chanson de Roland
Authors: Navas Roger
Published: January 2020

La estructura de la Chanson de Roland ha sido ampliamente analizada, siendo la polémica en torno al “Baligán” uno de los temas más frecuentados por la bibliografía crítica. En el presente artículo estudiamos en profundidad la laisse clxxxvii, una de las primeras del episodio, para, al margen del debate genético, revelar determinados paralelismos de orden estructural y semántico; describimos asimismo la función de estas resonancias dentro de la Chanson, en especial los modos en que ayudan a la transición entre sus dos mitades; y ello nos conduce a investigar un uso puntual de lo cómico en el cantar. Así, tras una breve introducción, en el segundo apartado analizamos formalmente la laisse, en el tercero la inscribimos en el cotexto, reconstruyendo el marco temporal de la historia, y finalmente en el cuarto estudiamos este componente cómico y su plasmación en la laisse.

The structure of La Chanson de Roland has been deeply studied by many scholars; the debate surrounding “Baligant” is one of the recurrent topics. In this article, we focus on the laisse clxxxvii, which is placed at the start of the episode, in order to reveal certain structural and semantic parallelisms outside of the framework of the authenticity discussion; we also describe the function of these parallelisms, especially the way in which they help transition between the two halves of the Chanson; studying the purpose of these symbolic correspondences leads us to look into the existence of comical elements in the text. Accordingly, after a short introduction, the second section is dedicated to a formal analysis of the laisse, the third serves to contextualize it, reconstructing the temporal progression of the story, and finally the fourth section studies this comical component and its elaboration on the laisse.
El marco epistolar de los artículos de crítica literaria de Mme d'Épinay
Authors: Llorca-Tonda María Ángeles
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse the literary criticism that Mme d'Épinay consecrates to the Correspondance littéraire of Grimm and Meister. The epistolary framework in which the critical articles studied are presented deserves particular attention, since it allows us, on the one hand, to establish the different functions developed by Louise d'Épinay in the circle of Grimm's collaborators, and, on the other hand, to highlight the dialogic structure that will dominate the literary style of Mme d'Épinay.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la obra de crítica literaria que Mme d’Épinay consagra a la Correspondance littéraire de Grimm y de Meister. El marco epistolar en el que se presentan los artículos críticos estudiados merece una atención particular, ya que nos permite, por un lado, establecer las diferentes funciones desarrolladas por Louise d’Épinay en el círculo de los colaboradores de Grimm, y por otro lado, poner de manifiesto la estructura dialógica que dominará el estilo literario de Mme d’Épinay.
Preoperative treatment of locally advanced gastrointenstinal cancer
Authors: Vasić Ljiljana
Published: January 2020

Surgical treatment of locally advanced gastrointestinal cancer alone does not exhibit satisfactory local disease control and survival rate. The advantage of using radio and chemotherapy at this stage is to reduce the likelihood of developing local recurrence with an extension of survival time, while the disadvantages are the increase in postoperative mortality and morbidity. The subject of many studies has been to determine the localization in which preoperative treatment is justified, as well as the order for applying radio and chemotherapy, without endangering the patient's life. This paper summarizes the current findings on the investigated problem suggesting that preoperative treatment has influenced the change in surgical indications for the treatment of cancer in this region. The use of preoperative treatment in esophagus, stomach, rectum and anus cancer is justified since it reduces the likelihood of developing local recurrence. Nevertheless, it does not increase the survival rate where patients with the rectal and stomach cancer are concerned. Furthermore, preoperative treatment increases the postoperative mortality and morbidity of esophagus and anus cancer, while its use in the treatment of pancreatic cancer is still the subject of many clinical studies. In surgery, preoperative treatment has led to modification in the techniques used in the treatment of rectal cancer, as well as to the reconsideration of the extent of lymphadenectomy of the esophagus and stomach cancer, while in the case of anus cancers, surgical treatment is not considered to be the initial form of curative therapy at this stage.
Clinical characteristics, prognosis and outcome of patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Milinković Biljana , Bokonjić Dejan , Prodanović Verica
Published: January 2020

Progress in diagnosis and treatment has led to a significant improvement in the fate of children born with tetralogy of Fallot, with the perioperative mortality of 2-3% and a 30-year survival rate of 90%. However, the majority of these patients have residual postoperative morphological and hemodynamic disorders, as well as heart rhythm disorders, primarily due to the volume loading of the right ventricle caused by chronic pulmonary regurgitation. Improved surgical techniques have reduced early mortality to less than 3%, but the annual mortality rate has increased 20-30 years after initial surgical remediation, mainly due to unwanted cardiac events. In longitudinal monitoring of patients after repair of tetralogy of Fallot, early detection of morphological and hemodynamic residual disorders both in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients is of great importance. The purpose of this is a timely identification of new therapeutic measures (e.g. pulmonary valve replacement) in order to improve the course and outcome of treatment. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging is a diagnostic method that provides the most precise and accurate estimation of individual parameters of cardiac dysfunction and poor outcomes. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in defining the predictive ability of individual parameters. Previous research has shown that the increase in mortality risk coincides with progressive dilation and right ventricular dysfunction, by means of ventriculo-ventricular interaction and left ventricular dysfunction. Identification of parameters that can predict the high-risk patients for future unwanted cardiac events such as ventricular tachycardia and cardiac insufficiency can assist the customization of a therapeutic approach leading to improvement in quality of life and patient's survival rate.
Detection of peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in family medicine clinic
Authors: Lakić Biljana , Turajlić Saša , Petrović Verica
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive, occlusive and atherosclerotic vascular disease and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of developing this disease. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of PAD in patients with type 2 DM by measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in the family medicine clinic. Methods. The cross-sectional study included the patients with type 2 DM, registered at the Family Medicine Department of Primary Healthcare Center Laktaši. ABI measurement was carried out by means of the "Boso ABI Mess 100 Oscillometer" apparatus while patients were diagnosed with PAD if the ABI value was <0.9 or >1.3. Results. The study included 178 respondents with type 2 DM, aged ≥50 years, whereby 90 of them (50.6%) were men. PAD was found in 26 (14.6%) respondents. There was a statistically significant difference in ABI (left/ right leg) between the patients with PAD and the ones without it (0.82/0.84 vs. 1.04/1.05; p<0.01). The average duration of DM was longer in patients with PAD compared to those without PAD (12 vs. 8 years; p = 0.097) and the mean values of HbA1c were the same in both groups (7.7% vs. 7.9%; p = 0.634). There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity between the patients with and without PAD, respectively. Furthermore, the number of smokers among the patients with PAD was significantly higher (p <0.01). Conclusion. In patients with type 2 DM, PAD prevalence was 14.6%. Diabetes lasted a bit longer in patients with PAD, and among them there were significantly more smokers compared to the group without PAD. The Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire showed positive results in only a third of patients with PAD. Early PAD diagnosis could be established in considerably larger number of patients with type 2 DM by ABI measurement than by the use of the above-mentioned questionnaire.