bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renal mucormycosis presenting during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Madduri Vijay Kumar Sarma , Jena Rahul , Baid Gaurav , Choudhary Gautam Ram , Sandhu Arjun Singh
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Renal mucormycosis has been documented to occur even in apparently immunocompetent individuals. Owing to the rarity of this disease, literature on its management is small. We present our experience of diagnosing and managing 11 cases of primary renal mucormycosis who presented during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Methods:

We reviewed the records of all patients presenting to our institute with a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis from March 2021 to September 2021. All patients with a radiological, microbiological, or histopathological diagnosis of renal mucormycosis were included in the analysis and all demographic and clinical details, including a history of COVID-19 disease and its treatment, were noted. All patients were treated by a combination of intravenous antifungal therapy and aggressive surgical debridement including nephrectomy and multivisceral resection as required. Predictors of mortality were evaluated by statistical analysis.

Results:

A total of 93 patients presented to our hospital with features of acute pyelonephritis of which 11 patients were suspected to have primary renal mucormycosis based on characteristic imaging features and confirmed on microbiological and histopathological examination. Of these, four patients had a history of COVID-19 infection. Only one patient had diabetes mellitus. Ten patients underwent nephrectomy and seven needed resections of surrounding organs. The colon was the most commonly involved organ. Five patients (45.5%) died of progressive sepsis. None of the predictors of mortality that were analyzed showed statistical significance.

Conclusion:

A high index of suspicion, early cross-sectional imaging, prompt institution of antifungal therapy, and aggressive surgical extirpation are very important for achieving good outcomes in patients of primary renal mucormycosis.
Incidental finding of orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst with unusual features
Authors: Nandini D B , Devi T Premlata , Deepak B S , Sanjeeta Ngairangbam
Published: March 2022

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) is a rare developmental odontogenic cyst occurring in the jaw with debated etiology. It was originally believed to be a variant of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) but is now considered to be a distinct entity. The majority of the cases occur in the third and fourth decades of life. The common site is the mandibular posterior region with a male predilection. Swelling is the most common symptom which may be accompanied by pain, although in most cases, the lesion is asymptomatic. These lesions mostly present as unilocular radiolucency often associated with an impacted tooth. They may mimic dentigerous cyst and OKC in radiologic and histopathologic presentation, however, differ in biological behavior, pathogenesis and prognosis in comparison. Hence, making an accurate diagnosis is essential. This article describes an incidental finding of OOC in a 28-year-old female during radiographic investigation for orthodontic treatment. This case showed some rare features such as multilocular radiolucency, nonkeratinized epithelium in areas of inflammation, few cholesterol clefts with giant cells, presence of dentinoid-like material and dystrophic calcification in the capsule.
Parosteal lipoma of the mandible
Authors: Potter Julie , Richards Charlotte , Collin John
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Lipomata are soft-tissue mesenchymal neoplasms that are benign in nature and often asymptomatic. Lipomata commonly occur in the body, however, only 1%–5% are identified within the oral cavity, and lipomata with osseous metaplasia account for <1% of all lipomata.

Materials and Methods:

A PubMed literature review designating search terms including “oral” and “parosteal lipoma” or “lipoma with osseous metaplasia” or “ossifying lipoma” or “osseous lipoma” was conducted.

Results:

The literature review identified two previous reports of parosteal localization of lipomata in the mandible and 22 cases of lipomata with osseous metaplasia within the oral cavity.

Conclusions:

With the initial suspicion of a more malevolent diagnosis, this rare entity, with only two other cases identified, is important to consider in the clinician's differential diagnoses.
A novel mucocele
Authors: Vidhale Rutuja Gajanan , Shetty Subraj , Kamble Nikita , Pereira Treville
Published: March 2022

Oral extravasation mucoceles are among the most widely recognized submucosal lesions which are usually a result of trauma involving salivary glands and their ducts. This paper reports a case of a 40-year-old female patient with a chief complaint of a painless swelling on the lower lip since 6 months. Upon a provisional diagnosis of mucocele, surgical excision was carried out. Histopathological examination revealed a mucus extravasation cyst having lumen filled with unique mucinous globular structures similar to a rare variant of appendiceal mucocele, myxoglobulosis.
Coronavirus disease
Authors: Singh Saurabh Pratap , Singh Pratyush , Gupta Om Prakash , Gupta Shalini
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic outbreak by the World Health Organization, creating a significant impact on health care system. Realizing the high risk associated with this disease and its high rate of transmission, dentists were instructed by health authorities, to stop providing treatment which includes aerosols and droplets and only except emergency complaints. This was mainly for protection of dental healthcare personnel, their families, contacts, and their patients from the transmission of virus. Hence, this review focuses on the life cycle of COVID-19, its clinical symptoms and several issues concerned directly to dental practice in terms of prevention, treatment, and orofacial clinical manifestations.
Salivary metabolite signatures of oral cancer and leukoplakia through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Tantray Shoborose , Sharma Seema , Prabhat Kanika , Nasrullah Nazima , Gupta Manu
Published: March 2022

Background:

Saliva contains a large array of metabolites, many of which can be informative for the detection of diseases. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a system that has long been used for metabolite profiling owing to its sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and synchronized analysis; it has relatively broad coverage of compound classes including sugars, sugar alcohols, glycosides and lipophilic compounds.

Aim and Objectives:

The present study was conducted to explore the use of GC-MS in assessing variation in salivary metabolites and to recognize the metabolites which can be used as disease diagnostic tools and metabolite markers for detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:

The present study included clinically and histopathologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia patients (OLK) and the control group. Patients were divided into three groups: OSCC (n = 30), OLK (n = 30) and healthy individuals as controls (n = 30). Patients were refrained from eating, drinking, smoking or oral hygiene procedures for at least 1.5 h before the collection. Saliva was collected between 9.00 and 10.00 am. Samples were stored at −80°C. Filtered samples were used for GC-MS.

Results:

Fifteen compounds differed significantly between control, OLK and OSCC. These metabolites were decanedioic acid, 2-methyloctacosane, eicosane, octane, 3,5-dimethyl, pentadecane, hentriacontane, 5, 5-diethylpentadecane, nonadecane, oxalic acid, 6-phenylundecanea, l-proline, 2-furancarboxamide, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1-heptanol, pentanoic acid, Docosane.

Conclusion:

The findings of the study suggest the application of salivary metabolomics as a promising tool in the identification of tumor-specific biomarkers in early diagnosis and prediction of OSCC and oral leukoplakia. In future, standardizing the protocol for salivary analysis and overcoming some of the limitations will be helpful to establish salivary metabolomics as a reliable, the highly sensitive and specific method for clinical use as an independent diagnostic aid.
Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin in pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Sangala Bhavani Nagendra , Raghunath Vandana , Kavle Pratibha , Gupta Anish , Gotmare Swati Shrikant , Andey Venkata Subhash
Published: March 2022

Background:

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC) are benign and malignant salivary gland tumors, respectively, with distinct behavior. They have similar origins and cell components. E-cadherins are the main homophilic cell adhesion molecules, which play a central role in maintaining epithelial integrity, functioning in intercellular adhesion and differentiation. Hence, changes in E-cadherin function are reflected in the morphologic events associated with the cellular arrangement, movement and wound healing.

Aim:

To study and compare the expression of E-cadherin immunostaining in PA and ADCC.

Materials and Methods:

Fifteen cases of each PA and ADCC were immunohistochemically stained with E-cadherin. Five cases of normal salivary gland tissues were taken as the positive control.

Mann–Whitney U-test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

About 86.6% of PA cases showed homogeneous staining. 66.6% of cases of ADCC showed heterogeneous staining. PA, cribriform and tubular patterns of ADCC predominantly showed moderate immune-staining and solid patterns of ADCC exhibited predominantly mild immunostaining. Depending on the intensity of staining, we found a significant P value between PA and the solid variant of ADCC.

Conclusion:

E-cadherin proved to be a better marker for epithelial phenotypes in PAs. In ADCC difference in staining intensity between different histological subtypes suggests that further studies should be done to assess the usefulness of an immuno-marker to know the aggressive behavior of ADCC.
Risk of liver disease in areca nut habitual
Authors: Khasbage Suwarna B Dangore , Bhowate Rahul R , Khatib Nazli
Published: March 2022

Background:

Areca nut (AN) is one of the addictive substances known to cause deleterious effects on oral cavity as well as on various body organs including liver. But, scanty information is available reporting the adverse effects of AN chewing on the liver.

Aim:

To study the risk of liver disease in AN habitual based on the relevant published data.

Methods:

The literature search was performed by an electronic search of the PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using proper MESH headings and retrieved the articles published from 1998 to 2021. The eligibility criteria included: Human studies, AN habitual as study participants, use of controls and articles published in English. Data were extracted regarding characteristics of studies, characteristics of AN exposure, effect estimate and outcome of the studies.

Results:

Total 253 articles were identified from various databases and 15 studies were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Among these, thirteen studies showed an association between AN habit and attenuation of risk of liver disease as determined by relative risk/odds ratio/hazard ratio. Eleven studies described additive effect of AN and HBsAg and/or Anti hepatitis C virus status on development of liver disease. However, two of the studies showed opposite results. The heterogeneity in the study designs, exposure characteristics, outcomes and confounders precluded further meta-analysis.

Conclusion:

The association between AN chewing and an increased risk of developing liver disease is noted which necessitates the need for AN cessation campaign.
Hemangiomatous Ameloblastoma with Spindle Cell Proliferation
Authors: Puri Pavan D , Krishna Abhinandh , Gosavi Suchitra , Nayyar Vivek
Published: March 2022

Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive neoplasm with varied histological patterns. The histomorphologic variants of ameloblastoma bear no prognostic or biologic behavioral significance with possible exceptions of desmoplastic and hemangioameloblastoma. The present paper aims at reporting a case of 38-year-old male with a huge lesion present in the mandibular symphysial region crossing the midline, histopathologically showing hemangiomatous component in follicular and plexiform ameloblastoma along with spindle cell differentiation in the ameloblastic follicles. Spindle cell differentiation in ameloblastoma is rarely reported and the prognostic significance is yet not clear. The present paper also reviews the literature since the diagnosis of this lesion is must as it may lead to surgical complications.
Immunohistochemical expression and evaluation of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma
Authors: Menaka T. R. , Ravikumar S. Shamala , Dhivya K. , Thilagavathi N. , Dinakaran J. , Kalaichelvan Vinoth
Published: March 2022

Background:

The study of cell proliferation is important for assessing the tumor behavior, prognosis and patient survival of oral carcinomas. As literature search did not reveal sufficient studies of immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 (MCM2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and verrucous carcinoma (VC), the present study was undertaken.

Materials and Methods:

The study group included 20 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC, 10 cases of VC and 10 cases of normal mucosa (NM). All samples were evaluated for the expression of cyclin D1 and MCM2 using standard Immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure.

The present study involved both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis was done by evaluation of intensity and area of staining. Quantitative analysis was done by calculating the percentage of positively stained cells and assessing the labeling index (LI). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS statistical package (version 23.0).

Results:

On evaluating and comparing the intensity of staining and area of staining of cyclin D1 and MCM2 between the study groups, statistically significant values (P < 0.05) were obtained using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA. Comparison of LI of cyclin D1 and MCM2 in NM, OSCC and VC statistically significant results (P < 0.05) was obtained using Mann–Whitney U-test. Mean LI of MCM2 was found to be significantly higher than mean LI of cyclin D1 in all the study groups.

Conclusion:

From the present study, we conclude that MCM2 has the potential to serve as a novel cell proliferation biomarker in OSCC and VC when compared to cyclin D1.
Evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent with xylene
Authors: Bordoloi Bharadwaj , Jaiswal Rohit , Tandon Aanchal , Jayaswal Amrita , Srivastava Abhinav , Gogoi Nandita
Published: March 2022

Background:

Xylene is a routinely used clearing agent in histopathology. It is potentially toxic and flammable in nature. Histotechnicians are routinely exposed to this hazardous chemical. Because xylene is used so pervasively in histopathology, it has always been a concern for pathologists and laboratory workers, as its regular and prolonged exposure have serious health effects. Considering its toxicity, different biocompatible xylene substitutes have been evaluated.

Aim and Objective(s):

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of coconut oil as a clearing agent and compare with xylene.

Materials and Methods:

Two equal halves of 45 soft-tissue specimens were processed simultaneously in xylene and coconut oil as clearing agents. The xylene-treated specimens and coconut oil-treated specimens were checked for gross and histological features, and a comparison was done between the two groups.

Results:

Significant shrinkage was noted in xylene-treated specimens compared to that in coconut oil-treated specimens. No difference was found in either of the sections when checked for staining quality, overall morphological features and cellular details.

Conclusion:

It may be substituted for xylene without loss of information.
The Effect of Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation on Brain 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Metabolic Imaging Era
Authors: Goksel Sibel , Rakici Sema Yilmaz
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) increases survival in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Although the underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood, it has been associated with posttreatment neurocognitive impairment. Our study aims to show the brain's glucose metabolism change after PCI with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 17 patients who underwent PET/CT before and after PCI were evaluated retrospectively. 18F-FDG PET images of the brain before and after PCI were compared visually and semi-quantitatively using MI-Neurology Software. The brain was automatically segmented into eleven regions by this software. The mean standard uptake values (SUVmean) of all brain regions were measured within the automatically drawn region of interest area, and standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) values were found for each region by taking the brainstem SUVmean value as a reference. SUVR values were calculated from PET/CT scannings taken before and after PCI for each patient. The P < 0.05 value was considered statistically significant in comparisons.

Results:

We found a significant decrease in 18F-FDG uptake and glucose metabolism of the brain after PCI when compared with PET/CT before PCI in all brain regions identified according to the Combined-AAL atlas (all P < 0.001). Similarly, a significant decrease was found in brain 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT taken after PCI in the brainstem used to calculate SUVR (P = 0.039).

Conclusion:

18F-FDG PET/CT neuroimaging may be a new metabolic imaging technique for diagnosing radiation-induced cognitive impairment in the metabolic imaging era.
Basal Cell Carcinoma and Its Burden on Sudanese Patients
Authors: Ali Safi Eldin E. , El Khatim Hamadnalla Sir , Elnur Shiraz , Asiri Saad M. , Billal Sami Fetehi Abdalla
Published: March 2022

Background:

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignant tumor in dermatology. The burden of advanced BCC is not fully understood and was not well studied in Sudan.

Objective:

The objectives of this work were to study the BCC disease characteristics, burden, and morbidity on a group of Sudanese patients.

Patients and Methods:

This is a retrospective, hospital-based study of patients' records presented to the Military Dermatology Hospital and diagnosed with BCC. The study period was 2012–2017.

Results:

Our team identified a total number of 27 patients to have BCC. 15 (55.6%) were males and 12 (44.4%) were females. The mean age was 54 years (with a range of 26–75 years). The site of the location of the lesions was mostly the face in 22 (81.5%), face and extremities in 4 (14.8%) patients, and in only one (3.7%) patient, it was on the abdomen. The face distribution includes the forehead (14.5%), periocular (18.5%), nose (18.5%), nose, mouth, and cheek (7.4%). The clinical presentation of the lesions includes pigmentation (70.4%), ulcers (63%), plaques (55.6%), nodules (40.7%), scars (11.1%), and deformity associated with advanced BCC in (48.2%) of the patients. The associated comorbidities were (11.1%), albinism (11.1%), and basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) (3.7%). Concerning the outcome and prognosis, 11 (40.7%) had a good prognosis and 16 (59.3%) had a bad prognosis.

Conclusions:

BCC has similar epidemiological and clinical presentation as many international studies with younger age incidence. Delay presentation results in local disease advancement and increases severity and burden. This bad burden could be attributed to inadequate health facilities.
Towards an IoT-Based System for Monitoring of Pipeline Leakage in Clean Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Truong Tuyen Phong , Nguyen Giang Thanh , Vo Luong Thanh
Published: March 2022

Climate change-causing drought is wreaking havoc in the Mekong Delta, but water usage and management are still inefficient, resulting in a loss rate of more than 20%. This research is being carried out to contribute to lowering the rate of water loss and improving the management of the clean water supply. This suggested system makes use of wireless sensor networks, the Internet of Things, and cloud database storage technologies. The readings collected by the flow and water pressure sensors at the sensor nodes installed along the plumbing system will be relayed to the gateway through the LoRa wireless communication network. The gateway will aggregate the collected data, upload it to a cloud database, and then analyze it to detect and give an appropriate alert for water leaks if any occur. An application for the Android smartphone assists in visually monitoring recorded data. The research results have been evaluated in operation, with initial results fulfilling the key requirements.
The Potential Roles of Gut Microbiome in Modulating the Immune Response of Asian Redtail Catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) Vaccinated with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Andriyanto Septyan , Aryati Yani , Sumiati Tuti , Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Nurhidayat  , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Kuswatun Rofingah , Nuraeni Nining
Published: March 2022

The research aims are to observe the effect of vaccination in microbial profiles and gut microbiome composition. The treatments were as follows: the fishes were injected with PBS and challenged (A); the fishes were injected with freeze–dried vaccine dissolved in 100 ml 0.85% NaCl and challenged (B); the fishes were injected with freeze–dried vaccine dissolved in 50 ml 0.85% NaCl and challenged (C), and the fishes were injected with liquid vaccine and challenged (D). Microbiome composition measurements were carried out on the 21st–day post–vaccination and the 7th day after the challenge test. Fish intestine samples from three replications were tested by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Two significant phyla were identified from all treatments, namely Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Cetobacterium, Candidatus Bacilloplasma, and Clostridium sensu stricto were the genera classified as good bacteria in vaccinated fish. It can be concluded that vaccination can increase the diversity of the gut microbiome, especially bacteria beneficial to the fish host. Chitosan as a coating antigen in freeze–dried vaccine increases gut microbiome's number and diversity better than a liquid vaccine.
Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Fungi Contaminants Associated with In Vitro Cultured Banana Based on ITS Region Sequence
Authors: Animasaun David Adedayo , Nnamdi Chinaza Davies , Ipinmoroti Omotola I. , Oyedeji Stephen , Olonya Emmanuel A. , Krishnamurthy Ramar , Morakinyo Joseph Akintade
Published: March 2022

This study characterized, identified and conducted phylogenetic analysis on fungi contaminants in vitro bananas based on the sequence of inter-space (ITS) regions. Genomic DNA was extracted from the pure culture of fungi contaminants, amplified and sequenced using ITS1 and ITS4 markers. Analysis of the sequences using MEGA 7 Software at higher similarity sequence identified five Aspergillus spp., three Penicillium spp., one each of Fusarium, Trichoderma and Cladosporium as the contaminants. The genetic distance between the fungi species was 0.205, which suggests a homogeneous substitution between the sequences, and thiamine was the most stable. The fungi clustered in three major groups at 0.10 genetic distance, subdivided into five clusters. A cluster and sub-cluster consisting of five Aspergillus strains; a major cluster of three Penicillium strains; a cluster comprising of Fusarium chlamydosporum and Trichoderma viride; and a sole fungi Cladosporium tenuissimum. The Aspergillus group were phylogenetically related to A. flavus and A. parvissclerotigenus, the identified Penicillium spp. were closely related to Penicillium citrinum while the detected Cladosporium aligned with Cladosporium tenuissium and Phoma multirostrata. The information provided by this study could be utilized to develop a specific and compelling sterilization protocol to minimize the rate of contamination during in vitro culture procedures.
Cloning, Expression, and In Silico Analysis of Class IV Poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate Genes from New Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis TH-01
Authors: Sabiqoh Zuhdina , Hertadi Rukman , Ratnaningsih Enny
Published: March 2022

Poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a bioplastic derivative of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) which can be synthesized by bacteria under certain growth conditions. Previous study has reported a new strain of Bacillus thuringiensis TH-01 isolated from thermite, which found to accumulate PHB. This research aimed to clone PHB biosynthesis genes from B. thuringiensis TH-01 and study its expression as well as predict the tertiary structure of the enzymes. The clone of phaA gene, which encodes PhaA, was obtained as 1182 bp. On the other hand, 2546 bp clone of phaRBC gene cluster was obtained to consist of 744 bp phaB, 1086 bp phaC, and 483 bp phaR, encoding respective PhaB, PhaC, and PhaR proteins. In silico analysis indicated that PhaA, PhaB, PhaC, and PhaR, revealed to have 393, 247, 361, and 160 amino acid, respectively. The predicted model of PhaA, PhaB, and PhaC showed dominant structure of α/β folding motif, while PhaR was dominated by a helix-loop-helix motif. The catalytic residues of PhaA were Cys88, His349, and Cys379, whereas the catalytic residues of PhaB were Ser142, Tyr155, and Lys159. These catalytic residues were identical to those residues obtained in other PHB biosynthetic enzymes reported elsewhere, confirming that our clones were of PHB biosynthetic genes.
Grammatische Textanalyse. Textglieder, Satzglieder, Wortgruppenglieder
Authors: Bračič Stojan
Published: March 2022

Die zu besprechende Grammatik von Vilmos Ágel ist ein sehr umfangreiches Werk (941 Seiten). Es handelt sich um eine theoretisch konzipierte wissenschaftliche Grammatik, die nur bedingt etwa auch zu didaktischen Zwecken benutzt werden könnte. Der Vorteil dieser Grammatik ist auf der anderen Seite darin zu sehen, dass sie mit ihren detaillierten Darstellungen grammatischer Fragen der deutschen Sprache zum kritischen Nachdenken über traditionell  interiorisiertes grammatisches Wissen anregt. Es ist eine Textgrammatik, welche die  grammatischen Relationen nicht von unten nach oben (vom Wort über das Satzglied bis hin zum Text, also traditionell bottom-up), sondern von oben nach unten, also beginnend beim Text in der top-down-Perspektive, angeht.
Feasibility, acceptability and needs in telemedicine for palliative care
Authors: Ebneter Andreas S.  , Sauter Thomas C.  , Christen Andri , Eychmueller Steffen
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Telemedicine in palliative care was initially developed in countries where geography or resources limit access to care services. Recently, largely owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, this technology is being increasingly used in highly urbanised countries such as Switzerland. However, there is still scepticism regarding whether these tools can be used effectively in palliative care, a relationship-based speciality that is generally highly dependent on compassion, communication and direct human interaction. The objective of this review was to analyse the needs, elements of feasibility, and reasons for acceptance or possible barriers before the implementation of a telemedicine intervention in Switzerland.
METHODS: The method used was a scoping review, following the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. We searched the PubMed, Ovid SP, Medline, Cochrane and Scopus databases for relevant reports. Charting and analyses of the data were done by a single researcher. A total of 520 records were screened and assessed for eligibility. Finally, 27 studies and 4 registry entries were included. Main reasons for exclusion were wrong population and intervention.
RESULTS: The prevailing study type was the single-arm intervention study. Most studies originated from countries with geographic barriers to access. Feasibility was good in 69% of all studies. Good acceptability (84.1–100%) was confirmed in the majority of the studies. The needs of the patients or the healthcare professionals were directly addressed in only five (16%) studies. Three needs were consistently reported: communication, coordination and technical reliability
CONCLUSION: Despite a broad range of studies on telemedicine in palliative care, patients’ needs are rarely addressed. Therefore, especially in countries such as Switzerland, a needs assessment is recommended before the implementation of a new telemedicine intervention, to guarantee high feasibility and acceptability.
Developing Model and Psychological Competencies Scale of 100 Meter Runner Student Athletes
Authors: Widohardhono Rachman , Nurhasan Nurhasan , Mintarto Edy , Jannah Miftakhul
Published: March 2022

The main aim of research is to develop model and instrument psychological competencies scale (PCS) of 100 Meter Student Athletes. This research use a mixed methods approach.  1st Study, used a qualitative approach, identifying the constructs and dimensions of elite 100 meter runner student athletes. Using literature review and interview of 2 elite athletes and 2 coaches. The results of the first study is psychological competencies model  consists of goal setting, goal setting, motivation, concentration, emotion regulation, focus, self talk, self confidence, and persistence. Another result is 10 items of multidimentional measure of PCS. Each items in the scale were responded on five point level. Leveling describes psychological abilities based on behavior. 2nd Study, using a quantitative approach, instrument validation and reliability testing. We recruited 50, age 18-22 years from 100 meters runner student athletes voluntarily participated in this study. We assessed construct validity by examining how well the measures discriminated groups expected to differ based on their competencies, using Corrected Item-Total Correlation with a minimum limit of 0.300 to be declared a valid item. We assessed internal consistency of PCS using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. The result of  Corrected Item-Total Correlation obtained results All items are valid because they have a Corrected Item-Total Correlation value greater than the minimum limit of 0.300.  The internal consistency of the (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient) was 0.841. It can be concluded that PCS is valid and reliable for measuring for 100 meter runner student athlete.
Professional Commitment in Terms of Gender and Tenure of Vocational High School Teachers
Authors: Umi Anugerah Izzati  , Nurchayati Nurchayati , Yuri Lolita  , Olievia Prabandini Mulyana
Published: March 2022

To perform effectively, teachers must have a strong professional commitment. This quantitative and comparative study examines how gender and tenure can contribute to differences in professional commitment. Subjects who participated in this study amounted to 89 people consisting of 33 female teachers and 56 male teachers at Vocational High School in Surabaya and number of teachers who have tenure more than  10 years is 22 people, while 44 people with 1-2 tenure, 23 people with 3-10 tenure. Using SPSS 25.0 for Windows, two-way ANOVA revealed no statistically significant difference in professional commitment between male and female teachers (significance level 0.097 with p > 0.05). We also found that tenure had a statistically significant effect on professional commitment (significance level 0.013 with p < 0.05). This study shows that teachers with longer tenures exhibit greater levels of professional commitment.
Constant Congestion Brambles
Authors: Hatzel Meike , Komosa Pawel , Pilipczuk Marcin , Sorge Manuel
Published: March 2022

A bramble in an undirected graph $G$ is a family of connected subgraphs of
$G$ such that for every two subgraphs $H_1$ and $H_2$ in the bramble either
$V(H_1) \cap V(H_2) \neq \emptyset$ or there is an edge of $G$ with one
endpoint in $V(H_1)$ and the second endpoint in $V(H_2)$. The order of the
bramble is the minimum size of a vertex set that intersects all elements of a
bramble.
Brambles are objects dual to treewidth: As shown by Seymour and Thomas, the
maximum order of a bramble in an undirected graph $G$ equals one plus the
treewidth of $G$. However, as shown by Grohe and Marx, brambles of high order
may necessarily be of exponential size: In a constant-degree $n$-vertex
expander a bramble of order $\Omega(n^{1/2+\delta})$ requires size exponential
in $\Omega(n^{2\delta})$ for any fixed $\delta \in (0,\frac{1}{2}]$. On the
other hand, the combination of results of Grohe and Marx and Chekuri and
Chuzhoy shows that a graph of treewidth $k$ admits a bramble of order
$\widetilde{\Omega}(k^{1/2})$ and size $\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(k^{3/2})$.
($\widetilde{\Omega}$ and $\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}$ hide polylogarithmic
factors and divisors, respectively.)
In this note, we first sharpen the second bound by proving that every graph
$G$ of treewidth at least $k$ contains a bramble of order
$\widetilde{\Omega}(k^{1/2})$ and congestion $2$, i.e., every vertex of $G$ is
contained in at most two elements of the bramble (thus the bramble is of size
linear in its order). Second, we provide a tight upper bound for the lower
bound of Grohe and Marx: For every $\delta \in (0,\frac{1}{2}]$, every graph
$G$ of treewidth at least $k$ contains a bramble of order
$\widetilde{\Omega}(k^{1/2+\delta})$ and size
$2^{\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(k^{2\delta})}$.
Bilateral Gouty Arthritis Developing After Covid-19 Infection: A Case Report
Authors: AKYÖN Şeyma Handan , TURAN GÖKÇE Dilara
Published: March 2022

Introduction and Purpose: SARS-CoV-2 virus started in Wuhan, China in 2019 and caused the COVID-19 pandemic by affecting the whole world in a short time. Arthralgia is one of the symptoms that can be seen after Covid-19 infection and can be seen in 14.9% of the cases. However, data on rheumatic and inflammatory symptoms such as arthritis are scarce. Viral infections are known causes of acute arthralgia and arthritis. In the literature, there are many examples of reactive arthritis cases developing after Covid-19 infection. Gouty arthritis is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. Acute gouty arthritis most often affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint in the foot.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old male patient with chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and a history of coronary artery bypass using both leg saphenous 12 years ago was admitted to the emergency service with chest pain and increasing fatigue. Since the Covid-19 PCR result was positive, he was hospitalized for further examination and treatment. On the 14th day of hospitalization, the patient complained about pain around both big toes that started suddenly at night and worsened in the morning. In the patient's history, he stated that he had completely similar complaints several times with an interval of one year in the last 3 years and he recovered spontaneously in 10-15 days.

Discussion and Conclusion: Although developing gouty arthritis etiology is not clear for our patient in this case, it is thought to be a secondary condition due to the development of the disease after Covid-19 infection. It was considered that our patient has bilateral gouty arthritis triggered primarily by COVID-19. Due to the limited number of studies, more case reports should be added to the literature on this subject.
Solubility improvement of gallic acid in water through cocrystal formation with the solvent-drop grinding method and tartaric acid as co-former
Authors: Ledianasari  , Warya Sohadi , Nurjayanti Sri
Published: March 2022

Background: Quality, safety, and efficacy are required in pharmaceutical preparations on the market. The role of tested active substances and additives in producing a product formula that is stable, consistent, and meets standards. Solubility is an important parameter for achieving systemic drug concentration and pharmacological response. Cocrystals, for example, have been studied extensively to increase their solubility. Solvent-drop grinding is used to combine active pharmaceutical substances with co-formers into a single crystal unit. Gallic acid is an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, and neuroprotective chemical compound. It is soluble in water thus used to make cocrystals. Also, tartaric acid is crystallised, inert, and easily soluble in water, so it is a natural choice as a co-former.
Objectives: Solvent-drop grinding was used to characterise the gallic acid cocrystal formation with tartaric acid co-former, and the effect of gallic acid cocrystal formation with tartaric acid as a co-former was tested using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Method: The ratios of gallic acid cocrystals to tartaric acid co-formers were 1:0, 1:1, and 2:1. After crushing gallic and tartaric acids for four minutes, a few drops of ethanol solvent were added until the mixture was homogeneous.
Result: There was an increase in the cocrystal solubility test. The presence of hydrogen bonds between the co-formers of gallic and tartaric acids is indicated by a wavenumber shift in the cocrystal's infrared spectrum. Furthermore, each cocrystal creates a new peak in the X-ray pattern, indicating that hydrogen bonds formed cocrystals.
Conclusion: The co-crystallisation method can increase the solubility of gallic acid in water by 1.21 times.
Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase inhibition of Pyrrosia longifolia extracts
Authors: Khodijah Rohimatul , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Hendra Rudi
Published: March 2022

Background: Pyrrosia longifolia is a fern species belonging to the Polypodiaceae family. Three Pyrrosia species, P. lingua, P. sheareri, and P. petiolosa, are included in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as sources of traditional medicine for ailments such as for patients with diabetes mellitus.       Objectives: This study examined the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase in different P. longifolia extracts, as well as their antioxidant activity and toxicity levels.      Methods: This species was extracted via maceration in methanol and partitioning according to polarity levels (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water). Antioxidant activity was measured by scavenging free radicals against the DPPH radical, antidiabetic activity was determined using an in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory test, and toxicity was determined using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT).    Results: Antioxidant activity using radical DPPH showed ethyl acetate extract had the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 28.22 ppm and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity showed that all the extracts showed very weak activity at concentrations of 500 ppm. Additional toxicity analysis revealed that none of the extracts was harmful to Artemia salina.      Conclusion: This study demonstrates that this species has strong antioxidant activity, and that additional analysis is required. It also identifies the chemicals that are responsible for the antioxidant activity.
The effect of astaxanthin gel and zeaxanthin combination on wound healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Nurdianti Lusi , Rosyidi Renaldi Eka Mufti , Idacahyati Keni , Setiawan Fajar
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by uncontrolled increases in glucose levels in the blood due to a decrease in insulin function. Diabetic ulcers are complications that can arise from diabetes mellitus because of peripheral artery disease or complications in neuropathy. Astaxanthin and zeaxanthin are natural carotenoids and contain tremendously powerful antioxidants, they were combined with the goal of generating greater synergistic effects as natural antioxidants.     Objectives: To determine the effect of the combination of astaxanthin and zeaxanthin (2%:5% b/v) on the gel characteristics and to identify the effectiveness of gel preparations in healing diabetic ulcers in rats.     Methods: The effectiveness of the gel preparation combination was determined by using male rats administered with variations in concentrations of astaxanthin and zeaxanthin.      Results: The test results of the effectiveness of gels in healing diabetic ulcers presented that all formulas were significantly effective with average scores of 62.67% for formula 1, 50% for formula 2 and 57.25% for formula 3. The formula that possesses the best average value is formula 1, with a wound healing length of nine days, followed by formula 2 and 3 with wound healing lengths of 11 days.     Conclusion: The gel formulation of the astaxanthin and zeaxanthin combination was successfully developed and resulted in an effective preparation evaluation and the potential for diabetic ulcer healing in a test model of male Wistar rats.
Drug therapy for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara hospital
Authors: Andanalusia Mahacita , Akbar Shah Iqbal Ikraman , Pradiningsih Anna
Published: March 2022

Background: COVID-19 represents an unprecedented challenge to the world. Various attempts have been made to overcome COVID-19, including employing multiple drug therapies.       
Objective: This study was conducted to describe the drug therapy of COVID-19 inpatients at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital in 2020.      
Methods: Observation of 102 patients was conducted retrospectively. Data collection was performed by analysing medical records.       
Results: A total of 62 out of the 102 patients (60.8%) were hospitalised more than four weeks. 57 patients (55.9%) received antivirus therapy with Oseltamivir and 47 patients (46.1%) recieved azithromycin as adjuvant antibiotic therapy. Most of the patients (63.7%) received vitamin C as an immunomodulator. A small number of patients received other supportive therapies recommended to decrease the symptoms of COVID-19. The most frequent administered therapies for COVID-19 patients hospitalised at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital are antivirals, antibiotics, and immunomodulatory.       
Conclusion:  The findings provide an overview of therapy use for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara Hospital. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of the therapy to promote safe and effective use of drugs for COVID-19 patients in the future.
An exploratory study of pharmacists' views on the development of a professional recognition system in Indonesia
Authors: Meilianti Sherly , Smith Felicity , Himawan Roy , Kristianto Franciscus , Naya Rasta , Bates Ian
Published: March 2022

Background: A professional recognition system is defined as a quality assured process that recognises an individual's achievement of the completion of knowledge and skills in a particular area or stage of practice. There is an increased interest in professional recognition system development worldwide.

Objective: This study aims to explore perceptions from practising pharmacists regarding their interests, perceived benefits and methods of the professional recognition system.

Methods: Forty-three pharmacists participated in interviews or group discussions. The topic guide includes questions on (1) pharmacists interest, (2) the perceived benefits, and (3) the method of implementing the professional recognition system. The transcriptions were analysed thematically.

Results: Participants showed an interest in developing a professional recognition system in Indonesia. A system where pharmacists could be recognised socially and financially would motivate pharmacists to advance in their practice. This system would increase the recognition of pharmacists to other health professionals and to society. A combination of several methods was recommended in order to support a credible and transparent system, for example, through a combination of peer review and portfolio.

Conclusion: In general, the professional recognition system was perceived to be beneficial for pharmacists, other stakeholders, society and the profession. A national transparent, credible and flexible method that is adaptable to the workplace is recommended.
Regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements on Instagram
Authors: Rachmawati Sinta , Amalia Afriza , Rachmawati Ema
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Significant progress has been shown in the selling of cosmetic products. The number of companies working in this industry increased from 153 in 2017 to 760 in 2018. The National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NA-DFC) of Indonesia (BPOM) is authorised to supervise circulating cosmetic products, including cosmetic advertisements. BPOM issues regulations on Technical Guidelines for Supervision of Cosmetic Ads which are updated regularly. Skincare products are the type of cosmetics that are advertised on social media. Instagram is one of the most widely used social media platforms for the advertisement of skincare products in Indonesia    
Objectives: To determine the regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements on Instagram.   
Method: The study was conducted by collecting data online via Instagram from 30 November to 6 December 2020. All advertisements of skincare products that were found in the most popular search menus and that were uploaded in 2020 were used. A checklist of regulatory compliance based on recent regulation was made as an instrument of study.    
Result: There were 135 samples of skincare product advertisements. They consisted of cleansing (58 products), moisturiser (66 products), sun protector (five products), and peeling (five products). The average regulatory compliance was 91.44%.     
Conclusion: The regulatory compliance of skincare product advertisements is close to 100%. However, some points of assessment need improvement.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Carvalho Alessandra Pedroso , Corrêa Lucinara Bastiani
Published: March 2022

A Educação Inclusiva é uma das temáticas que desencadeia uma série de reflexões e inquietações por pesquisadores da área educacional. Um tema complexo, que ainda gera dúvidas àqueles que vivenciam tal realidade, nas relações de convívio social (escola) e familiar. Para tanto causa uma inquietação para estudantes de curso de pós-graduação em Gestão Escolar IFFAR-JC, uma vez que esses profissionais futuramente encontrarão os desafios da inclusão e desta forma como proceder frente aos acontecimentos partindo do que se apresenta em cada realidade escolar. O objetivo deste trabalho é buscar conhecimentos à respeito da Educação Inclusiva, da realidade na prática de profissionais que encontram-se na linha de frente aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem para o público-alvo da Educação Especial. A metodologia utilizada na realização do trabalho foi o Estudo de Caso, entrelaçado com a revisão bibliográfica, partindo da visão de alguns autores sobre o tema em questão e a aplicação de um questionário mostrando os reflexos e o que se apresenta no campo educacional, perante as práticas executadas em sala de aula comum. Considera-se que hoje esses sujeitos vêm ganhando mais espaços, as escolas de hoje estão abertas a uma nova realidade, em que alunos que apresentam necessidades educativas especiais são cada vez mais frequente no ensino regular e no convívio em sociedade. Buscar as concepções do que trata a Educação Inclusiva, sobretudo a Educação Especial as reais necessidades apontadas por profissionais da educação é um dos primeiros passos para entender quais são os anseios, para assim superar os possíveis desafios enfrentados no sistema e na sociedade.