bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISO 9001 BELGESİNİN OPERASYONEL PERFORMANS ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: ÇAY İŞLETMELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TUYGUN TOKLU Arzu
Published: May 2021

Amaç: ISO 9000, ürün ve hizmetlerin tehlikesiz, güvenilir ve kaliteli olmasını hedeflemektedir. İşletmeler için atık ve kusurları en aza indirerek ve verimliliği artırarak maliyetleri azaltan stratejik bir araçtır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, ISO 9001 kalite sistem belgesinin çay sanayinde operasyonel performansa etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini, Türkiye’nin Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren çay fabrikaları oluşturmaktadır. Veriler Hopa, Arhavi, Fındıklı, Ardeşen ve Pazar ilçelerinde faaliyet gösteren fabrikalarda kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen çalışanlarla yapılan yüz yüze anketlerle elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde SPSS v23 istatistik programı ve SmartPLS yapısal eşitlik programından yararlanılmıştır.

Bulgular: ISO 9001 standartlarının çalışanlar tarafından içselleştirilmesi, iş süreçlerinin geliştirilmesine etki etmektedir. İş süreçlerinin geliştirilmesinin de operasyonel performans ile dışsal ve içsel faydalar üzerinde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. İlave olarak dışsal ve içsel faydaların da operasyonel performans üzerinde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları ISO 9001 standartlarının çalışanlarca içselleştirilmesinin iş süreçlerinin, dışsal ve içsel faydaların ve operasyonel performansın gelişmesinde etkilerini ortaya çıkarmaktadır.Özgünlük: Çay, dünyada sudan sonra tüketilen ikinci büyük içecektir. Türkiye dünyada kişi başı çay tüketiminde birinci, kuru çay üretiminde altıncı ve çay tarımı yapılan alanda yedinci sıradadır. Bu çalışma öneminden dolayı sektörün operasyonel performansının gelişmesine katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Oluşturulan model literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır.
TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ YÖNETİMİNDE YÖNETİCİLERİN DIŞ KAYNAK KULLANIMI KONUSUNDA ALGILARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: SAĞLIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ÖMÜRGÖNÜLŞEN Mine , SELVİ SARIGÜL Seval
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık yöneticilerinin tedarik zinciri yönetiminde dış kaynaklardan yararlanma noktasındaki algılarını değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Araştırma için Erzincan ve Erzurum illerinde faaliyet gösteren toplam 15 hastanenin başhekimi, başhekim yardımcıları, hastane müdürleri ve müdür yardımcılarına Kasım 2018 - Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında mail ve yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla anket uygulanmıştır. Toplam 103 hastane yöneticisinin dönüş yaptığı anketler SPSS 22 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda yöneticilerin en çok sırasıyla güvenlik, temizlik, kafeterya ve yemek hizmetlerini dışarıdan aldıkları, tedarikçilerle çok sıklıkla sorun yaşadıkları ve bu sorunların daha çok ödeme ve gecikmelerden kaynaklandığı, çoğunun tedarikçilerinden memnun olmadığı ve tedarikçi firma seçiminde güven kriterini ön planda tuttukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Özgünlük: Literatürde dış kaynak kullanımı konusunda birçok araştırma yapılmasına rağmen özellikle tedarikçi ilişkileri ve seçimi konusunda yöneticilere yol gösterecek sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca sağlık sektöründe dış kaynak kullanımı noktasında sağlık yöneticilerinin tedarikçilerine yönelik algılarının değerlendirildiği çalışmalara da az rastlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, hem yaşanan problemler çerçevesinde çözüm önerilerinde bulunmaya, hem de literatürde konu ile ilgili boşluğu da gidermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
The Emerging Trend of Niche Tourism: Impact Analysis
Authors: BUNGHEZ Corina Larisa
Published: May 2021

This research paper addresses the current tourism global market shift towards a niche tourism approach and focuses on some of the most significant tourism forms in this growing sector, analyzing both the current development and future evolution of these tourism trends, also taking into account the current global pandemic situation.
The Role of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology in E-Learning Adoption in Higher Education Institutions in the UAE
Authors: ALBLOOSHI Saeed , ABDUL HAMID Nor Aziati Binti
Published: May 2021

Electronic learning is fast becoming a crucial aspect of learning in higher institutions of learning. Just as in any other technology, there are important factors that affect users’ behavioural intention to adopt e-learning. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) identified performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions as some of the factors that may influence the behavioural intention and actual use of a technology.
SECURITY CULTURE AS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN NEED
Authors: BJELAJAC ЖELJKO
Published: May 2021

Modern society exists in conditions of evident contradictions and complex problems. In addition to chronic poverty, ethnic violence, regional war conflicts, the expansion of terrorism and organized crime, we have long faced climate change and environmental degradation. The destruction of ecosystems has become a kind of crisis multiplier, which has deep implications for international peace and stability. In the age of scientific and technological prosperity in the search for answers to old and new security threats, we are also facing a latent moral stumbling on a global level, which is reflected in the phenomenon of “alienation of man from man”, which is the cause of many evils. Addiction diseases, where drug addiction, smoking and alcoholism predominate, dominate among the young population and develop serious diseases with fatal outcomes. It is known that many important aspects of human development also relate to the security of people, who naturally strive for “freedom from fear and freedom from poverty.” Therefore, building and maintaining a security culture, on the one hand, is not a simple process, and on the other hand, it is like any other process that people manage and which involves continuous activities, planning, control and audit. The sentence, “what kind of security culture you have, such is the character of your society”, has gained real meaning in the current time.
LACK OF EDUCATION AND INFORMATION AS A CAUSE OF TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN FOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION
Authors: MATIJAŠEVIĆ JELENA , DRAGOJLOVIĆ JOKO
Published: May 2021

Trafficking of women for sexual exploitation, as one of the most common forms of human trafficking, affects all countries regardless of the level of development, and all social groups, regardless of financial security, level of education, and other important parameters. Having in mind the core problems that victims of human trafficking (especially women) face, this paper, in addition to a general review of the causes of human trafficking and general observations on trafficking in women and elements of sexual exploitation, focuses on one of the most important causes of trafficking in women for sexual exploitation in modern society. We are talking, of course, about the lack of education and information. There is no doubt that education and information are very important factors in preventing the trafficking of women for sexual exploitation. The development of the preventive concept of meaningful education and information concerning women, who are very often a socially, culturally, economically, and politically vulnerable category, must not be neglected. Also, a systematic approach to education, thorough information of professionals in the field of protection of (potential) victims of trafficking and social workers, should be of key importance, for society to systematically oppose the phenomenon of trafficking.
THE ROLE OF THE MASS MEDIA IN DEFINING YOUTH SAFETY CULTURE
Authors: FILIPOVIĆ ALEKSANDAR
Published: May 2021

The need for security is one of the basic human needs, and it occupies one of the basic places in the hierarchy of human motivation. Since prehistoric times, the human community and individuals, first in harmony with nature, and then with social challenges, have developed solutions and responses to challenges and threats to their survival, existence and development. As human society has progressed in its development, new challenges and threats to both individual and collective security have progressively emerged. In today's age and in modern society, there has been a paradoxical situation, that we have an exponentially increased number of security risks, and that the security culture, or the culture of security of life, has practically disappeared from the culture. The reasons are complex, and there are many factors in that chain. One of the most important factors is the media, especially the mass media, which in most aspects determine social consciousness, especially among adolescents and young people. The aim of this paper is to investigate the correlation between media, public discourse and adolescent culture, mechanisms of media action, as well as ways in which these mechanisms can be directed towards better performance of socially useful functions, of which encouraging the development of security culture awareness is one of the key tasks for the common good.
YOUTH SECURITY CULTURE AND CONTEMPORARY RISKS
Authors: ILIĆ ALEKSANDRA , BANOVIĆ BOŽIDAR
Published: May 2021

In this paper, the authors consider the position of young people in the context of the impact of contemporary security risks and in this regard analyze the situation regarding the security culture of young people. In modern conditions, young people are exposed to various risks, some of which can be considered traditional because they have always existed, in all times and societies, they only change the modalities of manifestation, unlike the risks that have arisen in modern times as a result of changes in society. Tackling challenges and risks presupposes a developed security culture, so in that sense the authors consider the existing strategic-normative framework in the Republic of Serbia, which is the basis for improving this important segment of risk control when it comes to young people. The authors point out the problem of misperception of certain security risks, which is the result of a distorted media image of the problem that leads to the creation of misconceptions and stereotypical images that do not correspond to reality. In this regard, the authors emphasize the phenomenon of pedophilia as a specific risk that affects young people, pointing to the many problems that exist in understanding the characteristics and size of this phenomenon. In the end, the authors conclude that coordinated and continuous activity of all actors involved in improving the position of young people, especially families and schools, is necessary, with the inevitable active participation of young people who develop their capacity to counter security risks and contribute to improving security in society.
SEGURANÇA JURÍDICA E RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL NA ERA DA INCERTEZA.
Authors: Tarouco da Fonseca Rodrigo , Hüning Pazinato Liane Francisca
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo teve como objetivo a busca pela compreensão do princípio da segurança jurídica a fim de situá-lo frente aos problemas contemporâneos e assim promover as adequações necessárias em seu entendimento, bem como delinear novos parâmetros para o instituto da responsabilidade civil frente aos desafios que a rápida evolução da ciência e da tecnologia nos impõe. Desta forma, a fim de testar a hipótese de insuficiência das regras jurídicas atuais, no que se refere a uma segurança jurídica conforme aos padrões vigentes na sociedade de risco, se utilizou, nesta pesquisa qualitativa, do método bibliográfico, na medida em que os argumentos já fruídos pelos autores aqui mencionados são capazes de apontar o acerto ou erro de tais constatações no mundo contemporâneo.
DRYP 1.0: A parsimonious hydrological model of DRYland Partitioning of the water balance
Authors: Quichimbo Edisson Andres , Singer Michael Bliss , Michaelides Katerina , Hobley Daniel E. J. , Rosolem Rafael , Cuthbert Mark O.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Dryland regions are characterized by water scarcity and are facing major challenges under climate change. One difficulty is anticipating how rainfall will be partitioned into evaporative losses, groundwater, soil moisture and runoff (the water balance) in the future, which has important implications for water resources and dryland ecosystems. However, in order to effectively estimate the water balance, hydrological models in drylands need to capture the key processes at the appropriate spatiotemporal scales including spatially restricted and temporally brief rainfall, high evaporation rates, transmission losses and focused groundwater recharge. Lack of available data and the high computational costs of explicit representation of ephemeral surface-groundwater interactions restrict the usefulness of most hydrological models in these environments. Therefore, here we have developed a parsimonious hydrological model (DRYP) that incorporates the key processes of water partitioning in dryland regions, and we tested it in the data-rich Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed against measurements of streamflow, soil moisture and evapotranspiration. Overall, DRYP showed skill in quantifying the main components of the dryland water balance including monthly observations of streamflow (Nash efficiency (NSE) ~0.7), evapotranspiration (NSE > 0.6) and soil moisture (NSE ~0.7). The model showed that evapotranspiration consumes > 90 % of the total precipitation input to the catchment, and that < 1 % leaves the catchment as streamflow. Greater than 90 % of the overland flow generated in the catchment is lost through ephemeral channels as transmission losses. However, only ~35 % of the total transmission losses percolate to the groundwater aquifer as focused groundwater recharge, whereas the rest is lost to the atmosphere as riparian evapotranspiration. Overall, DRYP is a modular, versatile and parsimonious Python-based model which can be used to anticipate and plan for climatic and anthropogenic changes to water fluxes and storage in dryland regions
Computation of backwater effects in surface waters of tidal lowland catchments including control structures – An efficient and re-usable method implemented in the hydrological open source model Kalypso-NA (4.0)
Authors: Hellmers Sandra , Fröhle Peter
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Backwater effects in surface water streams as well as on adjacent lowland areas caused by mostly complex drainage structures are not directly computed with hydrological approaches, yet. A solution of this weakness in hydrological modelling is presented in this article. The developed method enables to transfer discharges into water levels and to calculate backwater volume routing along streams and adjacent lowland areas by balancing water level slopes. The implemented and evaluated method extends the application of hydrological models for rainfall-runoff simulations of backwater affected catchments with the advantages of (1) modelling complex drainage systems in tidal backwater affected lowlands, (2) less effort to parameterise river streams, (3) directly defined input factors of driving forces (climate change and urbanisation) and (4) runtime reduction of one to two orders of magnitude in comparison to coupled hydrodynamic models. The developed method is implemented in the open source rainfall-runoff model Kalypso-NA (4.0). Evaluation results show the applicability of the model for modelling rainfall-runoff regimes and backwater effects in an exemplary lowland catchment (Hamburg, Germany) with a complex drainage system and where the drainage is influenced by a tidal range of about 4 m. The proposed method is applicable to answer a wide scope of hydrological and water management questions, e.g. water balances, flood forecasts and effectiveness of flood mitigation measures. It is re-usable to other hydrological numerical models, which apply conceptual hydrological flood routing approaches (e.g. Muskingum-Cunge or Kalinin-Miljukov).
Identification of the contributing area to river discharge during low-flow period
Authors: Gillet Maxime , Le Gal La Salle Corinne , Ayral Pierre Alain , Khaska Somar , Martin Philippe , Verdoux Patrick
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The increasing severity of hydrological droughts in the Mediterranean basin related to climate change raises the need to understand the processes sustaining low-flow. The purpose of this paper is to trial simple mixing model approaches first to identify and then quantify streamflow contribution during low-water periods. An approach based on the coupling of geochemical data with hydrological data allows quantifying flow contributions. In complement, monitoring during the low water period was used to investigate the drying up the trajectory of each geological reservoir individually. Data were collected during the summer of 2018 and 2019 on a Mediterranean river (Gardon de Sainte Croix). The identification of the end-members was performed after the identification of groundwater geochemical signature clustered according to the geological nature of the reservoir. Two complementary methods validate further the characterisation: rock leaching experiments and unsupervised classification (k-means). The use of G-EMMA mixing model coupled with hydrological monitoring of the main river discharge rate shows major disparities in the contribution of the geological units, showing a reservoir with a minor contribution in high flow becoming preponderant during the low-flow period. This finding revealed to be of the utmost importance for managing water resources during the dry period.
John Pratt (2020) Law, Insecurity and Risk Control: Neo-Liberal Governance and the Populist Revolt. Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan
Authors: Hogg Russell
Published: May 2021

Reviewed by Russell Hogg
El respeto al poder en Twitter en la crisis española por el COVID-19
Authors: Carrió-Pastor María Luisa , Conejero Casares J. Alberto , Pérez Gómez Antonio , Solares-Hernández Pedro A.
Published: May 2021

Los objetivos de este estudio son, primero, proponer una taxonomía de los marcadores de actitud más frecuentes utilizados en Twitter tras los comunicados del gobierno sobre el coronavirus, segundo, investigar si nos muestran que existe una aceptación del poder en España, así como un respeto a sus decisiones y, finalmente, identificar redes semánticas entre los marcadores de actitud. El corpus recopilado para el estudio está compuesto por los tuits que comentan los comunicados del Ministerio de Sanidad y Salud Pública desde el 12 al 16 de marzo de 2020. Una vez analizados los datos con las herramientas METOOL y GePhi, se observó que se desea una relación con el poder más cercana y que aumentaba la agresividad de los tuits. Finalmente, describimos las conclusiones de este estudio.
La iconografía astral, deidades estelares y el “otro mundo” céltico en el occidente romano
Authors: Olivares Pedreño Juan Carlos
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo se estudian los símbolos astrales como las ruedas, esvásticas, trísqueles y crecientes lunares, cuando aparecen en ofrendas votivas a divinidades célticas en el occidente romano. A partir de la presencia de estos símbolos en numerosas estelas funerarias y en contextos arqueológicos relacionados con la muerte en áreas de intensa presencia cultural céltica, se formula la hipótesis según la cual las divinidades celtas que se relacionan con estos símbolos en todo el occidente romano, tendrían un carácter estelar y, además, una vinculación mitológica y ritual con el mundo funerario.
Comunicación y gestión de marca en distritos culturales y creativos: una metodología para la detección de problemáticas comunes a atajar mediante la gestión de la imagen de marca
Authors: García Carrizo Jennifer
Published: May 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio la gestión de la imagen de marca de los distritos culturales y creativos. Siendo su objetivo principal identificar cuáles son los problemas más comunes a la hora de implementar estrategias de “branding” en estos entornos urbanos, la metodología central utilizada es la de las entrevistas en profundidad o abiertas. Para ello, se presentan diferentes estrategias metodológicas implementadas para alcanzar el objetivo descrito y se profundiza en el esquema de preguntas desarrollado por Charmaz y Belgrave (2014) para la realización de entrevistas en profundidad dentro de la Teoría Fundamentada (Glaser y Strauss, 1967), estableciéndose tres tipo de preguntas: preguntas iniciales, intermedias y finales. Igualmente, se detallan diferentes decisiones metodológicas tomadas en relación al desarrollo de las mencionadas entrevistas: su lugar de realización, su estilo (informal, conversacional, etc.) y su metodología de registro. Mediante la aplicación de la metodología descrita en tres casos de estudio (el Digbeth, en Birmingham; el St. George´s Quarter, en Leicester y el Ouseburn Valley, en Newcastle Upon Tyne; Reino Unido) y de una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica, se identifica la problemática más común detectada a la hora de gestionar la imagen de marca de los distritos culturales y creativos. Esta, gira en torno a la gentrificación y los ciclos de vida de estos espacios, a la falta de participación ciudadana y de cohesión social y a la globalización y la pérdida de autenticidad de dichos distritos, lo cual habrá de ser considerado a la hora de gestionar su imagen de marca.
Complex desulfurization and degassing of hot metal with magnesium
Authors: Vergun A.S. , Shevchenko A.F. , Kislyakov V.G. , Molchanov L.S. , Dvoskin B.V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is a theoretical and experimental study of the behavior of oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen in iron during desulfurization with its granulated magnesium. A computational and analytical assessment of the formation and floating of gas bubbles during the introduction of dispersed magnesium into a metal melt in an argon jet is performed. It has been established by calculation that when dispersed magnesium is introduced into the cast iron in an argon jet, through a lance with a nozzle diameter of 7 mm to a depth of 3 m, argon bubbles with a diameter of 25 mm are formed. The thermodynamic probability of the processes of interaction of magnesium with oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen during desulfurization of cast iron has been established. It has been established that the processes of desulfurization and deoxidation of iron occur throughout the entire range of pressures under study, and the formation of magnesium nitride is possible only with an excess pressure in the gas-metal system at a depth of molten iron more than 1.4 meters. Experiments in industrial conditions revealed the features of the removal of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen from cast iron during desulfurization of the melt with dispersed magnesium in a stream of various carrier gases. It was established experimentally that the type of carrier gas has a decisive influence on the by-pass degassing of the iron during its desulfurization by injecting granular magnesium. When using nitrogen or argon as a carrier gas, the hydrogen content in cast iron is reduced by 50-70%.
Risks and challenges before the ukraine's black metallurgy
Authors: Tuboltsev L.G. , Padoon N.І.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study is to identify risks and challenges that may be a threat to the development of the mining and metallurgical complex of Ukraine (MMC). It is shown that the excess steel-making capacity in the world increases the risks of the steel producers, may lead to an excess of offers, trade disputes; low prices and low yield. It is noted that the Ukrainian ferrous metallurgy works in the harsh conditions of the world market, the hallmark of which is the uncontrolled and unpredictable growth of world prices. This leads to unstable operation of the MMC, especially in recent years. The factors that determine the potential risks in the metallurgical sector of Ukraine are given. The most influential risk factors include the following: threats to the impact of environmental factors on the future; threats of influence of the political situation in the world; the instability of the supply of raw materials and prices for finished products; change in existing trade flows of raw materials and finished products; global trade restrictions; the lag of the technical level of metallurgical production from the world; insufficient state influence on the industry; lack of industrial development strategy of Ukraine and the metallurgical industry. It is shown that the main direction of the target setting for the development of Ukrainian metallurgy in the medium term should be the development of a strategy that binds together raw materials, energy potential, steelmaking equipment, casting and rolling technologies, as well as the state and market prospects.
Scheme of stressed-deformed condition of continuous-casted slab in technological casting lines
Authors: Poleshchuk V.M. , Brovkin V.L.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to develop a model of the deformation-stressed state of a continuous-cast billet, taking into account its behavior in the continuous casting machine line. A new physical model of the ingot crust bending process in the inter-roller gap has been proposed. The model is based on the regularities of the change in the deformed state of the surface of the crust under the action of ferrostatic pressure. It is established that the crust undergoes a cyclic alternating deformation in the process of moving it across the inter-roller gap. It is shown that the surface of the crust comes into contact with the surface of the roller before approaching the inter-roller gap. This causes the appearance of an anomalous area with a constant curvature of the crust at the final stage of its buckling. The second anomalous deformation zone of the ingot crust is the junction zone of the previous crust and the subsequent inter-roller gap, where the crust instantly changes its curvature. In combination with the flat scheme of the stress-strain state, a physical model is presented, which makes it possible to identify in each of the inter-roller gaps the zone of maximum values of the tensile strain rate. Identifying the zone of maximum values of the tensile strain indicator and comparing it with the maximum allowable one allows determining and correcting the length of the inter-roller gaps of the continuous casting machine.
Influence of surface-active substances on the processes of agglomeration when the secondary resources are using
Authors: Nesterov A.S. , Garmash L.I. , Boldenko M.G. , Vergun O.A. , Lopatenko K.P.
Published: May 2021

A promising method of intensifying the process of sinter preparation preparation was investigated by using surfactants as an additional binding material. It is shown that surfactants provide efficient compaction of charge materials. The use of water-soluble surfactant additives (aminocrylate of various compositions) when moistening the charge in the blending and pelletizing of charge materials positively affects the sintering performance and the quality of the finished sinter. An increase in the strength of the agglomerate during recovery, a decrease in abrasion, and an increase in the temperature of the maximum melt filtration were noted. An increase in the recoverability of the agglomerate and the associated decrease in the “aggressiveness” of primary slags were also observed. When using surfactants, the duration of the process was reduced, and the vertical sintering rate increased from 1.0-1.8% to 6.1-8.5%. The yield of the charge has increased by 0.4-2.4%, the strength index - by 0.4-2.2%. Analysis of the results of laboratory studies confirmed that the introduction of surfactants in moisturizing water can improve the quality of the mixture. In particular, the gas permeability of the charge is improved, the best conditions for burning solid fuel and the process of liquid-phase sintering are provided, and the strength properties of the finished product are enhanced. The involvement of a part of metallurgical wastes in the fermentation domain complex allows to significantly expand the resource base of iron ore components, reduce the cost of input raw materials and improve the environmental situation.
REVIEW JURNAL: BIOADSORBEN LIPID PATCH BIJI SALAK (Salacca zalacca) SEBAGAI TERAPI OBESITAS
Authors: Burhan Asril
Published: May 2021

Keberadaan biji salak (Salacca zalacca) sangat melimpah dan mudah didapatkan.Biji salak mengandung selulosa yang dapat digunakan sebagai bioadsorbenterhadap minyak jelatah. Pemanfaatan biji salak masih sangat jarang. Penyerapanlemak di usus merupakan salah satu mekanisme dari obat yang digunakan dalamterapi obesitas. pengaplikasian transdermal patch oleh pasien dapat dilakukandengan mudah serta mencegah zat aktif obat mengalami metabolisme lintaspertama dihati. Review ini bertujuan untuk membahas potensi bioadsorben lipidbiji salak dalam sediaan transdermal patch untuk terapi obesitas, sehingga dapatmenambah nilai guna biji salak dan dapat bermanfaat dibidang kesehatan.Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Directdan makalah penelitian yang terkait dengan kemampuan bioadsorben lipid bijisalak dalam sediaan transdermal patch. Biji salak mengandung selulosa yangdapat dijadikan biosorben (adsorben) karena adanya gugus –OH yang terikat padaselulosa. Sisi aktif pada bioadsorben biji salak tersebut efektif dalam mengikatgugus fungsi yang terdapat pada minyak jelatah. Transdermal patch efektif dalammenurunkan volume jaringan adiposa yang diujikan pada tikus yang obesitas.selain itu transdermal patch juga efektif menurunkan kadar kolesterol total,trigliserida dan low density lipoprotein (LDL) pada tikus yang hiperlipidemia.Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bioadsorben lipid biji salak berpotensi efektif dalamsediaan transdermal patch.
Economic Crises and Returns to University Education in Middle-Income Countries: Stylized Facts and COVID-19 Projections
Authors: Fasih Tazeen , Patrinos Harry A. , Shafiq M. Najeeb
Published: May 2021

In this study, we develop a conceptual framework that explains the reasons behind a widening of the gaps in private rates of return to university education during an economic crisis such as COVID-19. Next, we report stylized facts on the private rates of return to university education before and after economic crises in Indonesia, Pakistan, and South Africa. We further conduct panel regression analysis to assess the statistical significance of the relationship between private returns and crises in the three countries. We conclude by speculating on COVID-19 implications and future research.
Our Project
Authors: Gatdula Anna B.
Published: May 2021

This colloquy, by graduate-student-led collective Project Spectrum, attempts to map out existing discussions around inclusion and equity in music academia, with a specific focus on identifying and analyzing the structures in academia that work against minoritized and historically excluded scholars.
What was it like to be an ESL teacher in 2020? Reflections from the prek-12 community
Authors: Creider Sarah , Lindhardsen Vivian
Published: May 2021

Suddenly, with the advent of COVID-19, our familiar teaching tools disappeared. How, in a two-dimensional world, were teachers to connect with students? This is a question we have all been asking ourselves since last spring — and when we began to discuss this forum, it was the question we posed to our community. We asked student teachers, cooperating teachers, and student-teacher supervisors to reflect on a single moment from this past year. We hoped to document — and to share — a few moments from the actual experience being an ESL teacher during the 2020 school year.
Food beliefs and practices during pregnancy in Northern Ghana: Implications for nutrition counseling
Authors: Abubakari Abdulai , Jahn Albrecht , Beiersmann Claudia
Published: May 2021

Cultural practices and beliefs are important factors that could influence a woman’s dietary choices during pregnancy. We investigated food beliefs among pregnant women in Northern Ghana. In-depth interviews were conducted with thirty women, selected from three districts. We describe food beliefs regarding ‘recommended’ and ‘prohibited’ foods during pregnancy. There was a general agreement among participants about the recommended foods but not on the prohibited foods. For example, for some banana was regarded as prohibited, while for others it was recommended. Hypersensitivity to smell was attributed to nausea, vomiting and spiting and was largely the most important factor that could modify dietary habits of those who experienced it. Pregnancy is a sensitive phase and thus requires critical care and attention. Therefore, individualized counseling during antenatal clinics instead of the ongoing mass education is recommended as this will help address conditions peculiar to individual pregnancies.
A Study of the Family Names of the Royal Household in the Early Tibetan Empire དུས་རབས ༧-༩ པའི་བར་གི་རྒྱལ་བློན་ཁྱིམ་རྒྱུད་ཀི་རུས་མིང་གི་བྱུང་འཕེལ་ལ་ཅུང་ཙམ་དཔྱད་པ།
Authors: Don grub Pad ma
Published: May 2021

This current paper aims to explore the evolution of ‘Bla’ belief among Tibetan people during the early Tibetan Empire  Period. This paper will also examine how the tradition of family name interacts with the Bla belief. On this basis, individual names and tribal’s names appeared, and further introduced the names of royal household in the period from the seventh to the ninth century. Last but not least, this paper will investigate for what reason people were using names in Shang shung dialect.
 དཔྱད་རྩོམ་འདིར་བོད་མིའི་བླའི་འདུ་ཤེས་ཁྲོད་རུས་དང་མིང་གི་བྱུང་འཕེལ་བརྗོད་པ་དང་། ལྷར་ཡང་རུས་དང་མིང་དེ་ཚོ་བ་ག་གེ་མོ་ནས་མི་སྒེར་གྱི་མིང་དུ་གྱུར་ཚུལ། སྒོས་སུ་དུས་རབས་བདུན་པ་ནས་དགུ་པའི་བར་གྱི་བོད་བཙན་པོའི་རྒྱལ་བློན་བཙུན་མོ་དག་གི་མིང་འདོགས་སྟངས་དང་། སྐབས་དེར་དགོས་པ་ག་འདྲ་ཞིག་གི་འོག་ཞང་ཞུང་སྐད་ཀྱི་མཚན་གསོལ་ཚུལ་སོགས་ལ་དཔྱད་པ་ཕྲན་ཙམ་བཏང་ཡོད།
【གནད་ཚིག】བླ། རུས། མིང་། ཞང་སྐད།
Analysis of the Recently Discovered Autobiography of Surkhang Sichö Tseten ༄༅།། གསར་དུ་རྙེད་པའི་བྲིས་དཔེ་བཀའ་བློན་ཟུར་ཁང་སིད་བཅོད་ཚེ་བརྟན་གྱི་རྣམ་ཐར་བཀའི་གུང་བློན་གི་འཁུར་འཛིན་པའི་རྟོགས་བརྗོད་བུང་བའི་མགྲིན་གླུ་ཞེས་པར་དཔྱད་པ།
Authors: 'gyur med Gyung drung
Published: May 2021

ནང་དོན་གནད་བསྡུས། ཉེ་བའི་ལོ་ཤས་ནང་རྙེད་པའི་བྲིས་དཔེ་འདི་ནི་དུས་རབས་བཅོ་བརྒྱད་ནས་བཅུ་དགུ་བར་བོད་ས་གནས་སྲིད་གཞུང་གི་བཀའ་བློན་ཟུར་ཁང་སྲིད་བཅོད་ཚེ་བརྟན་གྱི་རང་རྣམ་འཁྲུལ་མེད་ཅིག་ཡིན་ཞིང་། འདིར་ཡིག་ཚང་ཞིབ་འཇུག་དང་ལོ་རྒྱུས་རིག་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་མ་དཔེའི་བྲིས་རྒྱུན་རྣམ་པ་དང་རྩོམ་རིག་ཁྱད་ཆོས། ལོ་རྒྱུས་རིན་ཐང་སོགས་ལ་དབྱེ་ཞིབ་བགྱིས་ཁུལ་དང་། རྣམ་ཐར་ལས་བསྟན་པའི་ཟུར་ཁང་ཁྱིམ་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་ལོ་རྒྱུས་དང་བཀའ་བློན་གྱི་མི་ཚེ། དེ་མིན་འབྲེལ་ཡོད་ལོ་རྒྱུས་གནད་དོན་འགའ་དང་། སྐབས་དེའི་ཆོས་སྲིད་མི་སྣ་ཁག་དང་ཨམ་བན། ཁ་ཆེའི་ཆོས་དཔོན་སོགས་ཀྱི་གནས་ཚུལ་འཁོད་པར་ངོ་སྤྲོད་དང་དཔྱད་གླེང་ཞུས་ཡོད།

བརྡ་ཆད་གཙོ་བོ།    བཀའ་བློན།  ཟུར་ཁང་སྲིད་བཅོད་ཚེ་བརྟན།  རྟོགས་བརྗོད།
KARŞILAŞTIRMALI YARGI KARARLARI IŞIĞINDA MAHKÛMLARIN HABERLEŞMEYE SAYGI HAKLARI
Authors: TATAR Berk Cem
Published: May 2021

Haberleşmeye saygı hakkı bilindiği üzere son 50 yılda teknolojinin de büyük bir ivme kazanmasıyla birlikte kamusal makamların daha fazla müdahale ettiği bir alan olmuştur. Bu nedenle, söz konusu gelişmelerin ve müdahalelerin arttığı düşünülürse ülkelerin ceza kanunlarına iletişimin dinlenmesi veya tespit edilmesi şeklindeki hükümleri eklemeleri tesadüf değildir. Söz konusu müdahalelerin başında mektuplaşmaların engellenmesi/sansürlenmesi gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada haberleşmeye saygı hakkı incelenmişse de bu hak karşılaştırmalı olarak Anayasa Mahkemesi (AYM), Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi (AİHM) ve ABD (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri) Yüksek Mahkemesi kararlarının mektuplara müdahale boyutu incelenmiştir.
Risk Analysis and Countermeasures of Small Catering Companies Under COVID-19
Authors: Cai Shao-Ru
Published: May 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 in China at the beginning of 2020 has hit the catering companies hard. Many catering companies are facing the critical situation of large losses or even close down directly. Compared with large and medium-sized catering companies, the risk awareness and anti-risk ability of small catering companies are weaker. Their risk management is at a lower level and they do not pay much attention to risk prevention. By identifying and analyzing the risks faced by the small catering companies, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions with the hope to provide some reference for the risk management of the small catering companies and to strengthen its risk prevention ability.
The Rise and Development of Chinese Fast Fashion Catering
Authors: Zhao Wei-Jing
Published: May 2021

With the rapid development of national economy and the improvement of consumption level, the catering industry, which plays an important role in people’s life, has shown a trend of upgrading in recent years. Several fast fashion catering brands have sprung up in the Chinese market. Chinese fast fashion catering brings more choices to consumers, at the same time, it is also constantly enriching people’s consumption experience. This paper will deliberate and discuss the factors affecting fast fashion catering and the current development situation of fast fashion catering in China.
How Teacher Comments Influence Students’ Motivation for Writing
Authors: Fang Yan-Qing
Published: May 2021

Developing students’ writing ability is known as one of the major goals to be achieved in English teaching and teacher comments are an essential aspect of the English writing course. According to social-cognitive theory, people’s self-efficacy beliefs in their skills and ability to complete tasks influence their motivation. However, there is an inconclusive discussion about the effectiveness of teacher comments on student essays in L1 classrooms; and there is an obvious lack of research about the effects of teacher comments on the motivation of EFL students for writing. Primary data for this study are the subject students’ answers to questionnaires, their responses in the interviews, their essays, and the teachers’ written comments on the students’ essays. The researcher finds out that the teacher should affix much attention to their immediate comments, both written and verbal, which can affect writing apprehension and students’ self-efficacy beliefs toward writing.
Investigación en administración, negocios y contaduría frente a los retos de hoy
Authors:   CUA - Medellín, Sepúlveda Jovanny
Published: May 2021

En la administración no es frecuente realizar esfuerzos por profundizar en el plano de los conceptos, hay poco avance en lo teórico, los desarrollos existentes son muy lentos, se da muy poca valoración a este tipo de trabajos y la visión que se tiene desde Colciencias no corresponde con la divulgación de investigaciones empírico–analíticas como lo afirma Carvajal Orozco (citado por Calderón y Castaño, 2010). Por esta razón este libro de investigación presenta resultados importantes y muestra la practica desde la fundamentación teórica y analítica teniendo presentes las fuentes primarias y secundarias de información. Para el caso colombiano, por ejemplo, un estudio realizado por cinco profesores de tres escuelas de administración del país, elaboraron un amplio inventario de la producción investigativa en administración entre 1965 y 1998. Sus conclusiones confirmaron el bajo número de publicaciones producto de la investigación, la limitada calidad de las mismas y su alta concentración en unas pocas escuelas de negocios del país y es allí donde desde las universidades y sus grupos de investigación, se debe sensibilizar y acompañar, para lograr capturar talentos e investigaciones que puedan presentar sus resultados y circular el conocimiento desde las diferentes áreas y para todo público, sin embargo, posiblemente presionadas, entre otros factores por el cambio acelerado en la realidad empresarial de América Latina, nuestras escuelas de negocios se han visto obligadas a realizar importantes esfuerzos dirigidos a superar los clásicos obstáculos a la investigación, esfuerzos que comienzan a dar algunos frutos positivos (Malaver, 2006).
Der Lichtbildschutz beseitigt die Rechtsunsicher-­heit im Umgang mit Fotografien
Authors: Schütz Christoph
Published: May 2021

Mit der laufenden Revision des Urheberrechtsgesetzes, die vor der Beratung in den eidgenössi-schen Räten steht, soll die herrschende Rechtsunsicherheit beim Umgang mit Fotografien beseitigt werden.Der Autor, Befürworter der geplanten Einführung des Lichtbildschutzes, erklärt, was dieser im Detail bringt, und setzt sich mit den Argumenten der Gegner dieses Instruments auseinander.
Der Vorwurf «verbaler Rassismus» war ein Werturteil, das der sachlichen Grundlage nicht entbehrte
Authors: Born Christoph
Published: May 2021

Der Europäische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte hat die Gutheissung der Klage des Präsiden-ten der Jungen SVP Thurgau gegen die GRA Stiftung gegen Rassismus und Antisemitismus wegen Persönlichkeits-verletzung als Verletzung von Art. 10 EMRK qualifiziert. Die Stiftung hatte auf ihrer Website einen kurzen Bericht über eine Rede des Jungpolitikers im Abstimmungskampf um die Minarett-Initiative unter dem Titel “Verbaler Ras-sismus” publiziert. Der EGMR kam zum Schluss, dass diese Bezeichnung angesichts der konkreten Umstände nicht ohne sachliche Basis erfolgte und dass einen höheren Grad an Toleranz gegenüber Kritiken zeigen müsse, wer seine politischen Ansichten willentlich dem prüfenden Blick der Öffentlichkeit aussetze.
Handelsgerichtliche Arbeitsverweigerung
Authors: Schwaibold Matthias
Published: May 2021

Das Zürcher Handelsgericht schützte die Klage einer Grossbank gegen die Betreiber eines Wirtschaftsblogs teilweise. Einer von drei eingeklagten Artikeln wird als widerrechtlich im Sinne eines Verstosses gegen UWG und ZGB erkannt. Die Begründung ist von ungewöhnlicher Kürze und auffälliger Oberflächlichkeit, die nötige Interessenabwägung findet praktisch nicht statt. Zudem werden überspannte Anforderungen an den Wahrheitsbe-weis gestellt. Schliesslich wird begründungslos die Löschung des gesamten Artikels angeordnet statt nur die Streichung einzelner Wörter oder Sätze, welche als rechtswidrig beurteilt wurden.
Besonderheiten des Online-­Angebots im üpA der SRG in der aktuellen Aufsichtspraxis der UBI
Authors: Beriger Julian-Ivan
Published: May 2021

Seit dem 1. Juli 2016 behandeltdie UBI auch Beanstandungen gegen das übrige publizistischeAngebot (üpA) der SRG. Diegrösste praktische Bedeutung kommt dabei dem Online-Angebot zu. Nach Art.25 Abs.3 Bst.b RTVG ist das Online-Angebot im üpA der SRG im Verhältnis zu Radio-und TV-Programmen in komplementärer Weise ausgestaltet, was sich in der Aufsichtspraxis der UBI widerspiegelt. Eine Analyse der aktuellen Entscheideer-laubt es, einigeBesonderheiten des üpA herauszudestillieren, und zwar dessen heterogene Ausgestaltung, dynami-sche Natur und die geringere Publikumswirkung. Die komplementäreAusgestaltung des Online-Angebots der SRGerscheint vor dem Hintergrund des digitalen Wandels nicht mehr zeitgemäss.
Presserat als Retter des Journalismus: Kann das gut gehen?
Authors: Prazeller Markus
Published: May 2021

Der Schweizer Presserat kämpft seit Jahren um Anerkennung. Seine Stellungnahmen werden in der breiten Öffentlichkeit nur selten wahrgenommen. Insbesondere der finanzielle Druck zwingt den Presserat, sich und seine Strukturen zu hinterfragen. Gemäss dem Reformpaket sollen die Verfahren verkürzt werden. Und der Presserat soll aufgrund seiner staatstragenden Haltung öffentliche Gelder erhalten. Medienanwalt Markus Prazeller bezweifelt, dass diese Reformen viel bringen. Der Presserat erliege bisweilen einem Aktionismus und gefährde mit der Forderung nach öffentlichen Geldern seine Rolle als Selbstregulierungsgremium.
Strafloser «Kamerablick» in die Privatsphäre eines anderen
Authors: Riklin Franz
Published: May 2021

Eine mit dem Legalitätsprinzip konforme, mit dem Wortlaut des Gesetzes vereinbare und dem Willen des historischen Gesetzgebers Rechnung tragende Interpretation von Art. 179quater StGB lässt nur den Schluss zu, dass eine Person, die eine jedermann ohne weiteres zugängliche Tatsache aus dem Privatbereich eines andern ohne dessen Einwilligung auf einen Bildträger aufnimmt oder eine solche Aufnahme auswertet, nicht unter diesen Straftatbestand fällt. Der Abgebildete ist dennoch nicht schutzlos. Er kann sich, statt Strafantrag zu stellen, über die Regeln des privatrechtlichen Persönlichkeitsschutzes zu wehren versuchen.
Von Singvögeln, Lichtgestalten und Kartenterminals
Authors: Künzi Sandra
Published: May 2021

Singvögel, Lichtgestalten und Kartenterminals führten 2018 zu interessanten Entscheiden im Bereich des Urheberrechts. Das Basellandschaftliche Kantonsgericht befasste sich im Streit um ein Buch über Singvögel mit der Frage, ab wann Mitarbeit schöpferische Qualität aufweist und daher urheberrechtlichen Werkschutz geniesst. Das Appellationsgericht Basel-Stadt fällte ein Urteil zum Zitatrecht sowie zum Verhältnis von Feststellungs- und Leistungsklage. Und das Bundesverwaltungsgericht setzte sich in einem ausführlich begründeten Urteil mit dem elektronischen Zahlungsverkehr und seinen Schnittstellen, mit den Anforderungen an die Dekompilierung nach Art. 21 URG und mit dem Verhältnis von Kartell- und Urheberrecht auseinander.
Des journalistes admis à une audience à huis clos dans un procès contre le fils d’un conseiller fédéral
Authors: Mazou Miriam
Published: May 2021

Les juges de Mon-Repos ont considéré que la durée de conservation de six mois prévue par l’art. 15 al. 3 aLSCPT apparaît proportionnée, même s’agissant des données « secondaires ». Le Tribunal fédéral a considéré qu’un article dans lequel l’auteur conteste la version officielle du massacre de Srebrenica ne réalisait pas les éléments constitutifs de l’infraction de discrimination raciale (art. 261bis CP). Notre Haute Cour a encore jugé, se basant sur les articles 16 al. 3, 17 et 30 al. 3 Cst. féd. (liberté d’information, des médias et principe de publicité des jugements) qu’un tribunal pouvait transmettre à un journaliste un jugement non caviardé. Des journalistes accrédités peuvent être admis à une audience pénale à huis clos dans un procès contre le fils d’un conseiller fédéral. Le Tribunal pénal fédéral a jugé que la publication sur Facebook de vidéos et de photos violentes pouvait entrer dans le champ d’application de l’article 135 CP (représentation de la violence). De même, la publication sur Twitter d’une photographie montrant un politicien rendant visite à des enfants réfugiés avec un texte indiquant qu’il « expose sans honte sa #pédophilie dans les médias » est attentatoire à l’honneur. En outre, le Tribunal fédéral a considéré que, même dans le cadre d’une publication satirique, l’utilisation récurrente et acharnée de propos injurieux à l’égard d’une personnalité politique ne pouvait être admise et pouvait être constitutive d’injure (177 CP). Notre Haute Cour a en outre jugé que la large couverture médiatique d’une affaire pénale pouvait constituer un préjudice grave pour la personnalité du prévenu acquitté. Enfin, le journaliste qui a voté électroniquement deux fois a été libéré, par le Tribunal fédéral, de l’infraction de fraude électorale.
Quellenschutz erfasst nicht nur so genannt seriöse Botschaften
Authors: Györffy Viktor
Published: May 2021

Das Bezirksgericht Zürich hatte in einem Fall, bei dem es um einen Kommentar zu einem Bericht in «20 minuten» ging, entschieden, dieser sei vom Quellenschutz erfasst. Es knüpfte dabei an die Praxis des Bundesgerichts an, nach der der Begriff der Information weit auszulegen ist. Nicht nur so genannt seriöse Botschaften, zählten dazu, sondern durchaus auch Belanglosigkeiten. Nicht vom Quellenschutz erfasst sei Unterhaltung, der jegliche Botschaft abgehe. Informationen von Dritten können heute auf verschiedenste Weise zu Medienschaffenden gelangen. Die Grenzen zwischen Informationsabsender und -empfänger sind in Auflösung begriffen. Es ist deshalb richtig, den Anwendungsbereich des Quellenschutzes weit zu fassen.