bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOSIALISASI SEX EDUCATION PADA ANAK DI SDN 1 MOJOWARNO JOMBANG
Authors: Peni Haryanti  , Diastuti Indah Mei , Hidayati Athi’ , Aziz Abd.
Published: April 2024

The high number of cases of violence against children in Indonesia, especially in Jombang Regency, has become the main topic in the community and has even become a national news headline. Sexual violence against children is often carried out by those closest to them, so it is difficult for children to fight back. Even children are afraid to report this, one of the reasons is the lack of acceptable sex received by children. The role of the closest people, especially parents and teachers, is needed to teach sex education so that it is not a taboo topic in society. So that if a case occurs, it will be detected earlier and handled faster. The implementation of community service activities carried out by lecturers and students of the University of Hasyim Asy'ari Tebuireng Jombang with the title "Socialization of Sex education for Children at SDN 1 Mojowarno Jombang" was held on Monday, August 22, 2022 which took place at SDN 1 Mojowarno, Jombang Regency. Socialization activities are carried out through lectures, questions and answers, and discussions as well as singing songs according to the socialization theme. The result of this socialization activity is that it is easy for children to understand the material, this is evidenced by the results of the questionnaire given, which is 85% of children really understand the material given. In addition, 100% of the participating children attended and hoped that the participants would have similar or sustainable activities. Conclusion partners have an understanding of the importance of sex education from an early age. There are many benefits to understanding sex education apart from preventing sexual violence against children, but also preventing children from sexual activities that are harmful to children
PENDAMPINGAN BUDIDAYA SAYURAN ORGANIK SISWA SISWI CENDIKA BANGSA
Authors: Paramitha Astrid , Musa Muhammad , Nur Muhammad Naufal Khulukin
Published: April 2024

Sayuran organik adalah sayuran yang dibudidayakan tanpa menggunakan bahan kimia. Syuran organik memilik daya tarik tersendiri di kalangan petani, terutama petani milenial. Saat ini banyak orang yang beralih pada gaya hidup sehat, dan sayuran organik merupakan satu pilihan yang paling digenari. Keunggulan dari sayuran organik sangat banyak, dilihat dari sisi kesehatan, sayuran organik memiliki banyak kandungan yang bermanfaat agi kesehatan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka budidaya sayuran organik juga memberikan peluang yang bagus dalam bisnis. Meskipun ada peluang yang bagus, namun dalam budidaya sayuran organik juga memiliki tantangan tersendiri, diantaranya adalah perawatan yang tidak yang membutuhkan perhatian dan penangan khusus. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pada siswa SMK Cendika Bangsa kelas agribisnis pengolahan hasil pertanian selama 3 bulan dengan metode dan praktik secara langsung. Pada pelaksanaannya siswa SMK Cendika Bangsa kelas agribisnis pengolahan hasil pertanian sangat antusias, sehingga pada akhir kegiatan para siswa sudah mampu melakukan beberapa tahap tanpa bimbingan
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Kedungaren melalui Optimalisasi Pengolahan Pelepah Pisang untuk Kemandirian Ekonomi
Authors: Ngaisyah Dewi , Adiputra Andre Kusuma , Nofiartika Fera
Published: April 2024

Dusun Pisangan yang terletak di Desa Tridadi memiliki potensi sebagai Desa Wisata Kedungaren sekaligus dapat dikembangkan menjadi homeindustri kuliner oleh masyarakat karena memiliki perkebunan pisang. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan inovasi pengolahan taro pelepah pisang sehingga dapat menjadi icon desa wisata dan diversivikasi  pangan serta membangun kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat, khususnya pasca pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melakukan inisiasi bersama kelompok wanita tani (KWT) Kedungaren dalam pembudidayaan perkebunan pisang, dimana pelepah pisang yang ada kemudian dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan taro dengan beberapa variasi yang nantinya akan ditentukan variasi terbaiknya melalui analisis deskriptif dan inferensial (spss). Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini mampu memberikan hasil bahwa tim KWT Kedungaren untuk produksi taro pelepah pisah  yang terstandar. Standarisasi telah dilakukan terhadap standar resep (melalui penentuan variasi taro terbaik) dan standar  proses menggunakan spiner  sehingga penyerapan minyak menjadi optimal. Standarisasi pengemasan juga telah dilakukan untuk produk taro pelepah pisang yang diberi nama Happysang. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu standarisasi produksi terbukti efektif meningkatkan mutu hasil produk taro pelepah pisang, dimana hal tersebut ditunjukkan melalui adanya perubahan kualitas sebelum dan setelah dilakukan pendampingan produksi pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang telah dilakukan.
Pengawasan dan Pembinaan Pembiayaan Bermasalah pada Koperasi Kanindo Syariah Jawa Timur Kantor Cabang Wagir
Authors: Mauludyah Afiatul , Sinollah
Published: April 2024

Permasalahan kehidupan perekonomian yang sulit membuat masyarakat berinisiatif untuk membuka usaha sendiri. Banyak dari mereka yang membutuhkan dana untuk membuka dan memperlancar usahanya, maka disinilah peran Koperasi Kanindo Syariah Jawa Timur sebagai koperasi simpan pinjam yang berbasis Syariah dengan mengembangkan produknya, salah satunya yaitu adanya pembiayaan Murabahah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif yang mana menggambarkan dan menguraikan data-data yang telah terkumpul, dimana data tersebut diperoleh dengan cara observasi, wawancara langsung kepada AO (Account Officer), dan nasabah Kanindo Syariah JATIM itu sendiri. Selain itu penelitian ini juga di tunjang dengan adanya data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari beberapa literatur yang terkait dengan permasalahan yang ada. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh bahwa ada beberapa faktor penyebab pembiayaan murabahah bermasalah yaitu dikarenakan keadaan ekonomi nasabah, usahanya yang tidak lancar, musibah bencana alam, kurang atau tidak adanya kejujuran dari anggota, karakter dari anggota itu sendiri, serta lemahnya analisa pembiayaan dari pihak Kanindo Syariah sendiri. Adapun cara yang dilakukan Koperasi Kanindo Syariah JATIM dalam menangani pembiayaan murabahah bermasalah menggunakan cara-cara yang lebih bersifat kekeluargaan, seperti melakukan silaturahmi, pembinaan, rescheduling, memberi surat peringatan, dan sita jaminan.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Nasabah melalui Penerapan Akad Wadi’ah pada Bank Madani Syari’ah
Authors: Fitri Lailatul , Damayanti Yenie Eva
Published: April 2024

This service focuses on implementing wadiah contracts at Bank Madani Syariah. The purpose of this service is to find out what the implementation of the wadiah contract is like at Bank Madani Syariah. In this service using descriptive qualitative research methods. The object of this research uses secondary data data originating from literature studies such as books, journals, articles, and so on. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show: 1) The implementation of the wadiah contract at Bank Madani Syariah uses the wadiah yad dhammanah contract which means safekeeping of goods/money where the recipient of the deposit with or without permission of the owner of the goods/money can take advantage of the deposit and must be responsible for loss or damage to the goods or deposited money. 2) And in wadiah yad dhammanah contract savings, use a profit sharing deposit scheme.
Outbound Capacity Building Program to Improve the Quality of Employee Productivity
Authors: Lestari RR. Hesti Setodyah , Damayanti Andia Kusuma , Sinollah  , Hamid Imron Rosyadi
Published: April 2024

An organization can develop and continue to adapt to changes in the organizational environment, HR Capacity Building is something that absolutely must go well. In general, Capacity Building can be interpreted as a process of increasing the knowledge and skills, attitudes and behavior of human resources. Capacity Building and development is a process that is carried out at three levels, namely individuals, groups and institutions or organizations, and aims to ensure organizational continuity through achieving the goals and objectives of the organization concerned. In the outbound  program given to employees of Kopmen Setia Budi Wanita Malang East Java, with the aim that human resources have a capacity that continues to grow, the process can be carried out starting from selection, providing an adequate work environment, as well as continuous training in important aspects, such as communication skills, self-motivation, problem solving skills, creativity, and leadership. This activity received a positive response from all employees. Everyone attended and participated in the activity. Employees really hope that activities like this can be carried out periodically or periodically to refresh energy and mindset in order to gain motivation and increase employee performance productivity so that it is in line with the targets that must be achieved by the Institution
Bantuan Analisis Implementasi Fungsi Manajemen pada Genius Learning Solution (GLS) Academy
Authors: Agustin Clariza Mahardika , Iftikad Ismi , Rostyawan Aldy , Erna Resmiatini
Published: April 2024

GLS Academy sebagai lembaga pelatihan dan pendidikan komputer memahami bahwa lembaganya harus mampu menjalankan fungsi manajemen dengan baik. Dalam rangka memahami apakah GLS Academy telah menjalankan fungsi manajemen sebagaimana mestinya maka penulis melalui artikel ini memberikan bantuan analisis terkait implementasi fungsi manajemen pada GLS Academy. Metode yang digunakan yaitu observasi selama satu bulan dan dokumentasi dengan mengumpulkan berbagai macam dokumen yang dibutuhkan sebagai bahan penunjang analisis. Hasilnya, GLS Academy hingga saat ini telah menjalan fungsi manajemen dengan baik mulai dari perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan dan implementasi, serta pengawasan dan pengendalian.

Kata Kunci: Manajemen; Fungsi Manajemen.
Revitalization Of Evacuation Track Guidelines Using Participatory Action Research (PAR) In Supiturang Village, Lumajang District
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Murtadho Muhammad Alfa Choirul , Herliastuti Septa Anggrelia , Nahdiyah Naila Zahrun , Novratilova Frisda Desyana , Putra Muhammad Rifqi Cahya , Safitri Nurul Jannah , Wardani Sendrika Kusuma
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine evacuation routes that suit community needs to minimize losses and the number of victims caused by volcanic disasters. This is because there is infrastructure that can strengthen preparedness and reduce community vulnerability in facing disasters. The method used in this research is Participatory Action Research (PAR). Participatory Action Research is research that involves all parties who play an important role in studying ongoing actions by carrying out changes for the better. For data collection techniques, observation techniques were used, namely directly visiting the location of Supiturang village, Pronojiwo Lumajang. The conclusion from the results of the discussion in this research is that, geographically, Supiturang Village is one of the villages within the scope of Pronojiwo District, Lumajang Regency, East Java. The profile of local residents around Mount Semeru who have relatively limited access to assets makes these local residents a community that is less responsive in facing the threats and impacts of volcanic disasters that could arise at any time. The results of the revitalization of evacuation route instructions according to procedures in this activity consist of several stages as follows, initial mapping, organizing the community, determining a research agenda for social change, participatory mapping, formulating problems, developing organizing strategies, program implementation, and reflection.

Keywords: Revitalization; Evacuation Route Instructions; Supiturang Village
Pendampingan Penjaringan Calon Perangkat Desa Mangunrejo dalam Rangka Menghasilkan SDM Pemerintahan Desa yang Inovatif
Authors: Putri Sukma Ayu , Sri Handayani  , Mashur Hasan Bisri
Published: April 2024

Dalam rangka mewujudkan SDM pemerintahan yang inovatif, kreatif dan adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi dan ilmu pengetahuan, diperlukan perbaikan mulai dari berbagai aspek. Salah satunya lewat upaya penjaringan dan penyaringan calon perangkat desa yang bisa dilakukan dengan beberapa metode yang representatif. Tujuannya adalah melakukan filtrasi agar diperoleh calon perangkat desa yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masing-masing desa. Sebagai salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang, Desa Mangunrejo telah berkomitmen untuk mulai menerapkan digitalisasi informasi desa. Semua informasi berkaitan dengan layanan publik, agenda kegiatan desa, berita, dan lain sebagainya telah disebarluaskan melalui website resmi desa yang bisa diakses oleh semua pihak. Upaya tersebut perlu didukung dengan perangkat desa yang menguasai perangkat teknologi yang mumpuni, perangkat yang adaptif terhadap perubahan, sekaligus perangkat yang kreatif dan inovatif. Pada era sekarang, perangkat desa tidak lagi hanya perlu mempunyai pendekatan dan tindakan yang humanis kepada warga masyarakatnya, namun bagaimana juga bisa cepat merespon kebutuhan pengguna (user) tanpa waktu yang panjang dan bertele-tele. Target kegiatan ini adalah membantu Desa Mangunrejo khususnya Kepala Desa dan jajarannya untuk menentukan perangkat desa yang inovatif, adaptif, dan kreatif lewat serangkaian Tes atau Pengujian yang dilakukan secara terbuka atau transparan, adil dan jujur.
Optimalisasi Kinerja Bumdesma “Alaska” Kecamatan Kabuh Melalui Pembuatan Sop MSDM
Authors: Tri Rahayu Pratiwi , Anas M Yusuf Azwar
Published: April 2024

This research represents a Community Service aimed at enhancing human resource management (HRM) in the Village-Owned Enterprises (Bumdesma) through the creation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Fieldwork Practice (PKL) was conducted with a focus on applying theoretical knowledge of students to real-world contexts. The research stages included organizational needs analysis, active participation in surveys and interviews with employees, and the development of structured SOP. The results of analysis and surveys served as a basis for designing SOP, with careful validation and intensive consultation with stakeholders in Bumdesma. Internal stakeholders, including students, engaged in practical testing and simulation of SOP implementation before official adoption. Students acted as change agents, bringing innovative insights to enrich the SOP development process
A Fairness-Based Defense of Non-Punitive Responses to Crime
Authors: Brucato Giorgia , Jovchevski Perica
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we offer a defense of non-punitive measures as morally justified responses to crime within a framework of society as a fair system of cooperation among free and equal individuals. Our argument proceeds in three steps. First, we elaborate on the premises of our argument: we situate criminal acts within a model of society as a fair system of cooperation, identify the types of unfair disadvantages crimes bring about, and consider the social aim of the criminal justice system. Next, we reject the claim defended by fair-play retributivists that fairness considerations make punishment a necessary response to criminal acts. In the last step, we demonstrate that it is rather non-punitive responses to crime that are warranted under the principle of fairness and, as such, are morally justified. We conclude the paper by rejecting two possible objections to our defense: the “responsibility gap” and the “victims’ claim to justice” objections.
Retributivism and The Objective Attitude
Authors: Jeppsson Sofia
Published: April 2024

It has been argued that a retributivist criminal justice system treats offenders with a respect lacking in alternative criminal justice systems; retributivism presumably recognizes that offenders are fellow members of the moral community who can be held responsible for their actions. One version of the respect argument builds on P.F. Strawson’s moral responsibility theory. According to Strawson, we may take either a participant or objective attitude toward other people. The former is the default attitude when interacting with other adults, whereas the latter is fit for children and the mentally disabled or ill, whom we merely try to manage and handle as best we can. The participant attitude also involves holding people responsible when they do wrong. Supposedly, a retributivist criminal justice system functions as a natural continuation of our everyday, participant, and responsibility-holding practices, unlike alternative systems that adopt an objective attitude toward offenders. I argue that this is wrong. The participant attitude requires reciprocity and, usually, some level of equality too. Even an idealized retributivist system has little room for this, not to mention the flawed versions of this system we see in reality.
Free Will Denialism as a Dangerous Gamble
Authors: Smilansky Saul
Published: April 2024

Denialism concerning free will and moral responsibility combines, in its minimal form, the rejection of libertarian free will and the rejection of compatibilism. I will address the more ambitiously “happy” or “optimistic” version of denialism, which also claims that we are better off without belief in free will and moral responsibility, and ought to try to radically reform our moral, social and personal lives without such beliefs. I argue that such denialism involves, for various reasons, a dangerous gamble, which it would be morally irresponsible to follow. I conclude by reflecting upon the implications.
LA IMPORTANCIA DEL CONSENTIMIENTO INFORMADO EN LA ATENCIÓN DEL TRABAJO DE PARTO
Authors: Vittes Adriana , Rojas Pillaca Ramiro
Published: April 2024

This letter to the editor addresses the importance of informed consent in obstetric care in Peru. It highlights that, despite being legislated, many women do not receive adequate information for effective informed consent in practice, especially during labor. This omission affects the physical and emotional health of mothers and neonates and undermines trust in the healthcare system. Factors such as lack of training among medical staff, cultural and linguistic barriers, paternalistic practices, and the misconception of labor as an emergency contribute to this situation. To improve it, measures such as training healthcare personnel in informed consent, empowering women in their childbirth process, implementing clear policies and protocols in healthcare institutions, and strengthening monitoring and supervision are proposed. This will not only enhance the childbirth experience but also improve equity in medical care and promote human rights in Peru.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA PRESCRIPCIÓN DE ANTIBIÓTICOS EN GESTANTES DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL MATERNO PERINATAL, JULIO 2019 - JUNIO 2021
Authors: Gutierrez Soto Gustavo , Martinez Pino Gabriela , Parreño Tipian Juan
Published: April 2024

Objective. To determine the characteristics of antibiotic prescriptions in pregnant women attended at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute (INMP) from July 2019 to June 2021. Materials and Methods. This is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study. A data collection form was applied to gather variables related to antibiotic prescriptions, and the data were entered into a Microsoft Excel database for analysis using SPSS software. Results. The study evaluated antibiotic prescriptions in 328 pregnant women, accounting for 10.87% of the total population. The majority (65%) were prescribed a single antibiotic. Urinary tract infections (37.80%) and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (54.27%) were the main reasons for prescriptions. Beta-lactams were the most prescribed group (84.14%), followed by lincosamides (14.93%). Most prescriptions were made in the third trimester (82.1%), with Cefazolin 1g and Cephalexin 500 mg being the most prescribed. Lower prescription rates were observed in the second and first trimesters, with Ceftriaxone 2g and Cefuroxime being the most used, respectively. The majority of the prescribed antibiotics fell into FDA category B (93.3%), with a minority in category D (6.7%). Conclusion. 10.87% of the pregnant women attended at the INMP were prescribed antibiotics, with urinary tract infections and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis being the most common indications. The beta-lactam group of antibiotics was the most prescribed, significantly predominating over other groups like lincosamides.
CARACTERÍSTICAS PSICOLÓGICAS, SOCIALES Y GINECOLÓGICAS DE PACIENTES CON PERDIDA GESTACIONAL Y ABORTO ATENDIDAS EN EL INSTITUTO NACIONAL MATERNO PERINATAL (2022): UN ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO
Authors: SILVA DOMINGUEZ DANIEL SERGIO , Moreno Valles Luisa , Huarancca Berrocal Isabel , Chávez Ochoa Paola , Manco Avila Ermes , Orihuela Salazar Jimmy , Barba Aymar Gloria , Ártica Martínez Juan Jose Manuel
Published: April 2024

Objective. To describe the psychological, social and gynecological characteristics of patients with gestational loss seen at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (2022). Materials and Methods. This research corresponds to a retrospective descriptive observational study, in which 176 clinical histories of patients with gestational losses during the year 2022 attended by the psychology service who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected. An analysis of frequencies and percentages of the different variables was performed in order to meet the research objectives. Results. The average age of the patients was 30 years (min: 18 years and max: 46 years), with a mean of 2.64 gestations in the sample, a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 4 gestational losses. Fetal death (65.34%) was the most frequent diagnosis of fetal death. All the patients presented a psychological disorder, with Brief Depressive Reaction being the most frequent (61.36%). Seventy-eight percent came from dysfunctional families and 68.75% of the patients came from a nuclear family. 94.89% reported not having planned the pregnancy; however, 97% indicated that they accepted it after learning of the pregnancy. Eighty-nine percent received support from the couple, 79.55% of whom mentioned having a stable relationship; however, 51% did not receive support from the family of origin. Conclusion. Conclusion: Brief depressive reaction was the most frequent psychological characteristic in the patients; non-planning, partner support and pregnancy acceptance were the most prevalent social characteristics, and fetal death was the usual reason for fetal decease in this sample.
Effect of ACE Inhibitor Captopril and L-Arginine on the Metabolism and on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Isolated Rat Heart
Authors: Divišová J , Vavřínková H , Tutterová M , Kazdová L , Meschišvili E
Published: April 2024

We investigated the effects of in vivo treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) captopril and/or of in vitro administration of L-arginine on the metabolism and ischemia-reperfusion injury of the isolated perfused rat myocardium. Captopril (50 mg/l in drinking water, 4 weeks) raised the myocardial content of glycogen. After 25-min global ischemia, captopril treatment, compared with the controls, resulted in lower rates of lactate dehydrogenase release during reperfusion (8.58±1.12 vs. 13.39±1.88 U/heart/30 min, p<0.05), lower myocardial lactate contents (11.34±0.93 vs. 21.22±4.28 µmol/g d.w., p<0.05) and higher coronary flow recovery (by 25 %), and prevented the decrease of NO release into the perfusate during reperfusion. In control hearts L-arginine added to the perfusate (1 mmol/l) 10 min before ischemia had no effect on the parameters evaluated under our experimental conditions, presumably because of sufficient saturation of the myocardium with L-arginine. In the hearts of captopril-treated rats, L-arginine further increased NO production during reperfusion and the cGMP content before ischemia. Our results have shown that long-term captopril treatment increases the energy potential and has a beneficial effect on tolerance of the isolated heart to ischemia. L-arginine added into the perfusate potentiates the effect of captopril on the NO signaling pathway.
Terguride Attenuates Prolactin Levels and Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity and Insulin Binding in Obese Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Golda† V , Ficková M , Pinterová L , Jurčovičová J , Macho L , Zórad Š
Published: April 2024

Glucose tolerance, serum insulin, insulin receptors in epididymal fat tissue, circulating total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations as well as serum prolactin were studied in obese and lean spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of both sexes. Obese animals displayed insulin resistance and elevated insulin and triglyceride concentrations. Moreover, in obese rats the increased mass of epididymal fat tissue was accompanied with decreased capacity of high affinity binding sites of insulin receptors in the tissue plasma membranes. Terguride treatment lowered prolactin serum levels which was accompanied by ameliorated insulin sensitivity in obese animals of both sexes. In addition, terguride treatment decreased serum insulin and triglyceride concentrations in obese females and at the same time enhanced the affinity of high affinity insulin binding sites. Our results show that obesity in SHR is associated with a decreased capacity of insulin receptors and that prolactin may play a role in obesity-induced insulin resistance, particularly in female rats.
Antibodies Against Oxidized LDL - Theory and Clinical Use
Authors: Steinerová A , Racek J , Stožický F , Zima T , Fialová L , Lapin A
Published: April 2024

Modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles due to oxidation, glycation and binding of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) or malondialdehyde (MDA, a final product of lipid peroxidation) is considered most important in the process of atherogenesis. Oxidatively modified LDL are distinguished by another receptor type, which was discovered on the surface of macrophages and was called the scavenger receptor. Uncontrolled intake of LDL converts macrophages to foam cells; their accumulation under the vascular endothelium is considered as the first stage of atherosclerosis. Oxidation of LDL is a complex process taking place in both the extra- and intracellular space. At the end of this oxidative process, modified LDL particles show chemotactic, cytotoxic and immunogenic properties. Oxidized LDL express a large number of epitopes and cause production of polyclonal autoantibodies against these products, especially against apoB100 modified by MDA and 4-hydroxynonenal. IgoxLDL (antibodies against oxidized LDL) can be demonstrated either directly in intimal lesions or as a component of circulating immune complexes. IgoxLDL do not form a homogeneous group but a varied mixture of antibodies-isoantibodies caused by HDL and LDL polymorphism, antibodies against the lipid phase of LDL and antibodies against modified apoB100 of the immunoglobulin class IgA or IgG. Antibodies against oxLDL were found in many diseases other than atherosclerosis such as diabetes mellitus, renovascular syndrome, uremia, rheumatic fever, morbus Bechtjerev or lupus erythematodes. Newborns have practically the same levels of IgoxLDL as their mothers; however, these values did not differ from those in the healthy population of non-pregnant women of the same age. The decrease in IgoxLDL titer was very slow and lasted many months; that is why this parameter cannot be considered suitable for describing the rapid changes during oxidative stress of the organism. Positive correlation of IgoxLDL with antiphospholipids and other antibodies was repeatedly demonstrated; their determination can thus be used as a marker for the description of total production of autoantibodies in various diseases. The changes and correlations of IgoxLDL, anti-b-2-glycoprotein I IgG and antiphospholipid antibodies support the immunological link between thrombotic and atherosclerotic processes in the human body.
Excitotoxicity of Lathyrus Sativus Neurotoxin in Leech Retzius Neurons
Authors: Cemerikić D , Nedeljkov V , Lopičić S , Dragović S , Beleslin B
Published: April 2024

The effects of Lathyrus sativus neurotoxin were studied on the cell membrane potential and cellular cation composition in Retzius nerve cells of the leech Haemopis sanguisuga, with ion-selective microelectrodes using liquid
ion-exchangers. Bath application of 10-4 mol/l Lathyrus sativus neurotoxin for 3 min depolarized the cell membrane potential and decreased the input resistance of directly polarized membrane in Retzius neurons. At the same time the cellular Na+ activity increased and cellular K+ activity decreased with slow but complete recovery, while the intracellular Ca2+ concentration was not changed. Na+-free Ringer solutions inhibited the depolarizing effect of the neurotoxin on the cell membrane potential. Zero-Ca2+ Ringer solution or Ni2+-Ringer solution had no influence on the depolarizing effect of the neurotoxin on the cell membrane potential. It is obvious that the increase in membrane conductance and depolarization of the cell membrane potential are due to an influx of Na+ into the cell accompanied by an efflux of K+ from the cell.
Effect of Leptin and Insulin on Chick Embryonic Muscle Cells and Hepatocytes
Authors: Lamošová D , Zeman M
Published: April 2024

In the present study we used the primary cultures of chick embryonic muscle and liver cells as a model for potential mutual combination effects of leptin and insulin, respectively. The influence of both hormones on the proliferation and protein synthesis was dose-dependent and related to the age of embryos from which the cells were isolated. Leptin (10 and 100 ng/well) increased the proliferation (estimated by DNA content and incorporation of labeled thymidine into DNA) and protein synthesis (determined by incorporation of labeled leucine into proteins) of muscle cells. The effect of leptin and insulin in muscle cells was similar. In younger embryo (11-day-old) the lower dose of leptin was more effective than the higher one compared to the insulin effect. Mutual effects of leptin and insulin were neither additive nor synergistic and were equivalent to the effects of individual hormones. In hepatocytes the influence of leptin was dependent on the age at which the cells were isolated (11- and 19-day-old embryos). The presence of insulin neither potentiated nor inhibited the effect of leptin.
Efficiency of NO Donors in Substituting Impaired Endogenous NO Production: a Functional and Morphological Study
Authors: Gerová M , Kristek F
Published: April 2024

Two exogenous NO donors were used to act as substitutes for impaired endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production due to inhibition of NO synthase in rats. Six weeks' lasting inhibition of NO synthase by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
(L-NAME) induced stabilized hypertension. Simultaneously administered isosorbide-5-mononitrate did not prevent the development of hypertension. Molsidomine, administered concomitantly with L-NAME, significantly attenuated the BP increase. However, BP was still found to be moderately increased compared to the initial values. Remarkable alterations in the geometry of the aorta, carotid and coronary artery found in NO-deficient hypertension were prevented in rats administered L-NAME plus molsidomine at the same time. In spite of 6 weeks' lasting inhibition of NOS, the NOS activators acetylcholine and bradykinin induced BP decrease; the maximum hypotensive value did not differ from the values recorded in the controls or in animals treated with L-NAME plus molsidomine. Notably enough, the hypotension was similar to that found in rats administered L-NAME alone for six weeks. After NO synthase inhibition, Isosorbide-5-mononitrate does not substitute and molsidomine substitute only partially the impaired endogenous NO production.
Excitability Changes of Cortical Neurons during the Postnatal Period in Rats Exposed to Prenatal Hypobaric Hypoxia
Authors: Marešová D , Valkounová I , Jandová K , Bortelová J , Trojan S
Published: April 2024

Pregnant rats were exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (at a simulated altitude of 7000 m or 5000 m) and the excitability of cortical neurons of their pups was tested. Stimulation of the sensorimotor cortex of rats prenatally exposed to hypoxia shortened the duration of cortical afterdischarges in 12-day-old rats, but did not change the excitability in 25-day-old animals. Shortening of the first afterdischarge in 35-day-old rats but the prolongation of the first afterdischarge in adult rats (as compared to the duration of cortical afterdischarges in rats not exposed to prenatal hypoxia) were registered. The possible mechanisms of different excitability of cortical neurons in rats prenatally exposed to hypobaric hypoxia are discussed.
An Ideal Biological Marker of Alzheimer´s Disease: Dream or Reality?
Authors: Řípová D , Strunecká A
Published: April 2024

Senile dementia of Alzheimer´s type (AD) is commonly characterized as a neurodegenerative disorder, which exhibits gradual changes of consciousness, loss of memory, perception and orientation as well as loss of personality and intellect. AD prevalence increases dramatically with age and is the fourth cause of death in Europe and in the USA. Currently, there are no available biological markers, which gives clinicians no other alternative than to rely upon clinical diagnosis by exclusion. There is no assay of objective ante mortem biochemical phenomena that relate to the pathophysiology of this disease. The pathophysiology of AD is connected with alterations in neurotransmission, plaque formation, cytoskeletal abnormalities and disturbances of calcium homeostasis. The search for a test, which is non-invasive, simple, cheap and user-friendly, should be directed at accessible body fluids. Only abnormalities replicated in large series across different laboratories fulfilling the criteria for a biological marker are likely to be of relevance in diagnosing AD. To date, only the combination of cerebrospinal fluid t and Ab42 most closely approximate an ideal biomarker of Alzheimer´s disease. A short review on the role of biological markers in AD on the basis of the literature, contemporary knowledge and our own recent findings are presented.
APLIKASI FILTER GABOR UNTUK DETEKSI BIOFOULING PADA LAMBUNG KAPAL
Authors: Alifia Alvionita Eghi
Published: April 2024

Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle (RoV) ialah kendaraan yang umumnya dipergunakan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan pada bawah air juga digunakan untuk mengecek kerusakan pada lambung kapal. Pertumbuhan marine biofouling ialah biological roughness yang sangat susah dihentikan. Biofouling menciptakan kekasaran di sepanjang permukaan lambung kapal yang dapat menyebabkan pengurangan kecepatan di dalam turbulence boundary layer yang diakibatkan oleh peningkatan tegangan geser dan frictional resistance. Frictional resistance berpengaruh pada kecepatan kapal, kebutuhan power, konsumsi bahan bakar dan berdampak pada ekonomi karena peningkatan konsumsi bahan bakar yang cukup tinggi. Biofouling pada kapal umumnya diatasi dengan menggunakan cat anti-fouling pada lambung kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem yang dibutuhkan serta mampu melakukan pengaplikasian filter gabor pada biofouling di lambung kapal. Kemampuan inspeksi dirancang dengan mengimplementasikan metode desain parameter filter gabor dan deteksi tekstur objek menggunakan kamera agar kapal dapat beroperasi secara optimal.. Simulasi dikerjakan pada beberapa variasi sehingga didapatkan hasil ketajaman tekstur kekasaran biofouling pada lambung kapal. Hasil nilai PSNR tertinggi tanpa derau yaitu 52,295 pada lambung kapal tanpa biofouling dan lambung kapal yang terdapat biofouling tertinggi deraunya adalah dengan nilai 32,91. Maka dari itu lambung kapal yang perlu untuk segera dibersihkan adalah nilai PSNR citra terendah dari hasil pengaplikasian filter gabor yaitu pada jenis biofouling Coral Warm Fouling.
The need of development a philosophy of organization in the hospitality industry
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, RF, Moscow, Shibanova A. N.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the phenomenon of the philosophy of the organization, its main elements, conceptual features of the development of the philosophy of the organization and its implementation in practice in the context of the 14 principles of E. Deming and the lean manufacturing model on the examples of well-known companies such as Hewlett-Packard and Toyota
Innovative methods of drying composite materials in vacuum
Authors:   Falcon LLC, Ivashchenko D. N.
Published: April 2024

This work investigates innovative methods of vacuum drying of composite materials, providing improved preservation of physical and mechanical properties, reduced processing time, and lower energy consumption. A review of modern composite drying technologies is conducted, and the advantages of the vacuum method are identified. The methodoogy of an experimental study of the effectiveness of vacuum drying is presented, utilizing composite material samples and analyzing their properties before and after processing. The obtained results showed a significant improvement in strength characteristics and a 30 % reduction in drying time compared to traditional methods. A 25 % decrease in energy consumption was also observed. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of differences in results between different processing methods. The advantages of vacuum drying are discussed, related to more uniform moisture removal and prevention of thermal damage to composites. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of applying the developed methods in industrial production to improve quality and reduce costs.
Evaluating an Art and Design Students’ Gender-Based Entrepreneurial Potential Model
Authors: Odewole Peter Oluwagbenga
Published: April 2024

Extant literature has revealed the issue of gender inequality in art and design education and entrepreneurship. Given that gender inequality hinders socio-economic development in any nation, it is crucial to gather empirical evidence on whether the entrepreneurial potential of art and design students is influenced by gender. Hence, this study examined the relationship between art and design students’ gender and their entrepreneurial potential. Using a well-structured questionnaire, the study sampled 204 art and design undergraduate students from different higher institutions across Nigeria. Data were collected from participants using a questionnaire that included measures of their entrepreneurial traits. The hypothesized relationships among variables were tested based on Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that CFA and SEM results showed a good fit between the proposed model and the observed data for both female and male groups. This suggests that both genders of art and design students have significant potential to become entrepreneurs without any biases.
Yûnus Emre'nin "Çıktım Erik Dalına..." Mısraıyla Başlayan Şathiyesine Yazılan Şerhlerin Mukayeseli Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: Özyürek Dursun
Published: April 2024

Yûnus Emre’nin (ö. 1320-21) “Çıkdum erik talına anda yidüm üzümi” mısrasıyla başlayan şathiyesi XV. yüzyıldan günümüze kadar pek çok kez şerh edilmiş ve şerh edebiyatımız açısından üzerinde en çok durulan manzumelerden biri olmuştur. Bugünkü bilgilerimize göre onun şathiyesine klasik dönemde Şeyhzâde Müslihüddin Efendi (ö. 1544), Niyâzî-i Mısrî (ö. 1694), İsmail Hakkı Bursevî (ö. 1725), İbrahim Hâs (ö. 1761), Şeyh Ali Nakşbendî en-Nevrekanî ve meçhul bir müellif tarafından şerh yazılmıştır. Modern dönemde ise onun şiirine duyulan ilgi devam etmiş, Bekir Sıdkî Visâlî (ö. 1962), Şevket Turgut Çulpan (ö. 1990), Ahmet Kabaklı (ö. 2001), İsmail Yakıt ve Haydar Murad Hepsev gibi isimler onun şiirini anlamaya ve yorumlamaya çalışmıştır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu şerhler klasik ve modern dönem başlıkları altında kısaca tanıtıldıktan sonra mukayeseli olarak incelenecektir. Bu anlamda söz konusu şerhler kaynakları, muhtevası, tasavvufî göndermeleri, yöntemi ve kullanılan dil olmak üzere çeşitli açılardan ele alınacaktır. Özellikle klasik dönem şerhleri benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları açısından değerlendirilecek; modern dönemde yazılan şerhlerin önceki dönem şerhleri ile kurdukları bağlar açıklanacaktır. Böylece Yûnus Emre’nin “Çıktım erik dalına…” mısrasıyla başlayan meşhur şathiyesine yazılan şerhler, şerh geleneğimiz etrafında mercek altına alınacaktır.
İbn Sîrîn’den Tercüme Edilen Bir Rüya Tabîrnâmesi: “Hacı Muhammed Mostârî’nin Tabîrnâmesi”
Authors: Özder Deva
Published: April 2024

İnsanların müşterek tutkuları arasında yer alan geleceği bilme arzusu çok eski zamanlardan itibaren insanları, rüyalar ile yaşanan ve yaşanacak olan hadiseler arasında ilgi kurmaya yöneltmiştir. Bu durum rüyaların tabirinin yapılmasına ve rüyalarda görülen kavramların neyi sembolize ettiğini izah eden pek çok eserin kaleme alınmasına vesile olmuştur. Edebiyatımızda bu türden eserlere “tabîrnâme” adı verilmiştir. Mensur şekilde yazılmakla birlikte manzum örneklerine de rastlanan tabîrnâmeler, genellikle bâb sistemi ile tasnif edilmiştir. Türk edebiyatında bir tür olarak XIV. asırdan itibaren görülmeye başlanan tabîrnâmelerin birçoğu Arapçadan tercüme edilmiş eserlerdir. Rüya tabirciliği ile bilinen Basralı İbn Sîrîn’in (ö. 110/729) tabîrnâmesi, Türk edebiyatında tercümesi en çok yapılan eserlerdendir. Bu çalışma Mostar Hersek Devlet Arşivi 631 numarada kayıtlı tabîrnâme üzerinedir. Daha önce herhangi bir akademik çalışmaya konu olmayan tabîrnâme, Hacı Muhammed Mostârî tarafından İbn Sîrîn’den tercüme edilmiştir.
Çalışmada rüya, rüya tabiri, tabîrnâmeler ve İbn Sîrîn’in Türk edebiyatındaki tercümeleri hakkında genel bilgiler verildikten sonra söz konusu eserin şekil ve muhteva özelliklerine değinilmiştir. 63 varaktan müteşekkil tabîrnâmenin çevriyazılı metninin tamamına yer vermek makale sınırlarını aşacağı için tabîrnâme içerisinden seçilen bölümlerin Latin harflerine aktarımı yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmayla hem tabîrnâme türüne hem de Türk edebiyatında İbn Sîrîn’den yapılan tercümelere katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Mehmed Murad Nakşibendî’nin Hülâsâtü’ş-Şürûh Adlı Mesnevî Şerhinin 3. Ve 4. Cildinde İnsân-ı Kâmil
Authors: Yiğit Hilal , Avşar Ziya
Published: April 2024

19. yüzyıl divan şairlerinden Mehmed Murad Nakşibendî’nin Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevîsi’nin tamamını şerh ettiği “Hülâsâtü’ş-Şüruh” adlı eseri, şerhlerin özeti anlamına gelen tercüme-şerh hüviyetinde bir eserdir. Şarih Mesnevî beyitlerini şerh ederken zaman zaman beyitlerde geçen bazı kavram ve metaforları insân-ı kâmil anlamında yorumlamış ve insân-ı kâmilin özelliklerine değinmiştir. İnsân-ı kâmilin yetkinliği ve ontolojik mahiyeti, Allah ve âlemle ilişkisi, eşya ve müminin kalbi üzerindeki tasarrufu ve ayrıca ahlakı şârihin Mesnevî beyitleri dolayısıyla temas ettiği konulardandır. Eserde deve, Tanrı arslanı ve hayvân-ı latîf terkipleri güç, kuvvet ve riyazeti yüklenme anlamıyla, İsa ve Musa gibi peygamberler diri ve zinde olmaları ve ölüyü diriltme gibi mucizleri nedeniyle, Nuh’un gemisi kurtuluşa ulaştırması açısından insân-ı kâmil olarak şerh edilir. Afitâb, nûr-ı hurşîd, Hilâl, yakaza hâli gibi kavramlar ise insân-ı kâmilin müridin yolunu aydınlatması ve gözüne basiret vermesi gibi özellikleriyle ilgi kurularak insân-ı kâmil olarak yorumlanmıştır. Şarihe göre deryâ, bahr ve kale-i ab ise insân-ı kâmilin büyüklüğünü ve derinliğini sembolize eder. Din şahı, dâye ve hâtib gibi metaforlar insân-ı kâmilin insanlığı hakikatin yoluna çağırması ve din yolunda taviz vermemesi cihetiyle insân-ı kâmil anlamında yorumlanır. Kimyâ-sâzân, mînâgerân ve nakkâş lafızları kâmil velînin tasarruf ve terbiye yetkisi bakımından gülistan ve âyine ise Hakk’ın mazharı olması bakımından insân-ı kâmil şeklinde yorumlanır. Bu makalede Mehmed Murad Nakşibendî’nin insân-ı kâmilin özelliklerine değindiği ve Mesnevî’de insân-ı kâmil şeklinde yorumladığı metaforlar ele alınmıştır.
Substance Abuse and Sleep Quality in University Students
Authors: Zavar Mousavi Maryam , Tamimi Amirhossein , Farsam Mitra , Kousha Maryam
Published: April 2024

Background: Substance abuse remains a challenging public health issue, especially among young people. It has been shown that poor sleep and substance abuse may have mutual intensifying effects. This study aimed to evaluate the rates of substance abuse, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption and their association with sleep disturbances among university students in 2021. Methods: The participants were the students of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran in 2021. Data were collected through a researcher-made demographic questionnaire, the first two questions of the translated version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Findings: A total of 222 students entered the study from March to August 2021. The rates of substance abuse in the past three months and lifetime were 35.6% and 45.5%, respectively. The most common type of substance abuse was related to the ‘other substances’ category. Substance abuse was significantly higher in students living in dormitories and those with a family history of substance abuse. Poor sleep was found in 34.2% of the students, and substance abuse and alcohol consumption both in the past three months and lifetime were significantly associated with lower sleep quality. Conclusion: This study showed that substance abuse was significantly associated with sleep disturbances. The study results also illustrated an upward trend of substance abuse in recent years among students in Rasht, which may be related to economic issues in the country and/or the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering the rising prevalence of substance abuse and its impacts on society, policymakers are highly recommended to pay special attention to its risk factors.
Alcoholism and Socioeconomic Status among Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy in Association with Increased Mortality
Authors: Nelaturi Prabhudas , P Kadamani Sangeetha , Sambandam Ravikumar
Published: April 2024

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder indicated by a deterioration in the functioning of hepatocytes. Impaired brain function is observed in advanced alcoholic liver disease particularly manifesting as HE. The pathophysiology of alcohol-related HE remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess alcoholism and socioeconomic status of patients with liver disease compared with stages of HE. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 62 alcoholic patients who have been consuming alcohol for more than 14 years. Patients were recruited based on the assessment of clinical symptoms and diagnosed according to the MELD and Child-Pugh scoring systems. Findings: Descriptive statistics including demographic details and clinical features of patients were classified based on alcoholism and socioeconomic status. Patients belonging to the lower- and middle-income classes were more in number with a mean age of 46.66±10.21 and 47.14±6.36 years, respectively compared to upper-middle- and upper-income classes. The amount of alcohol intake was 116.59±45.60 in the middle class and 110.0±62.45 in the upper class. Conclusion: Increased progression of HE leads to a rise in the mortality rate due to higher consumption of alcohol. HE is a severe complication in alcohol-related liver cirrhosis that contributes to impaired cognitive function in patients.