bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anadolu’da Kalem İşi Süslemeye Bir Örnek: Amasya Taşova Aşağı Baraklı (Özbaraklı) Camii Mihrabı
Authors: KEMALOĞLU Zeynep
Published: July 2022

Mihrap; cami, mescit gibi farklı dinî mekânlarda namaz sırasında kıbleyi yani Mekke yönünü belirlemek için kullanılan mimari elemandır. Başlangıçta basit, üzerinde süsleme unsuru barındırmayan, gösterişsiz bir nişten ibaret iken çeşitli coğrafyalarda, farklı kültürler tarafından sadece form ve cephe düzenleri değil aynı zamanda süsleme unsurları da geliştirilip, zenginleştirilmiş, sanat eserlerine büyük bir ustalıkla yansıtılmıştır. Her sanatçı kendi kültürüne uygun üslubu oluşturmuştur. Bu üslup farklı bölgelere ustalarca taşınmıştır. Anadolu’nun her yerinde bu izleri ve yansımaları görmek mümkündür. Orta Karadeniz’in en eski yerleşim merkezlerinden biri olan ve Osmanlıların da önemli şehzade sancakları arasında yer alan Amasya farklı dönemlere ait olmak üzere çok sayıda esere sahiptir. Bu eserlerin başında ise camiler gelmektedir. XIII. yüzyıldan XX. yüzyıla kadar geniş bir zaman dilimine yayıldığı belirlenen mimari yapılar, Amasya merkez olmak üzere ilçe, köy ve kasabalarında da kendilerini göstermektedir. Sanatkârlar bu eserlerde döneminin zevk ve estetik değerlerine uygun olarak, günümüze birçok miras bırakmışlardır. Bu miraslardan biri de Amasya’nın Taşova ilçesine bağlı Özbaraklı köyünde yer alan Aşağı Baraklı Camii’dir. Bu makalede üzerinde kalem işi tekniğiyle yapılmış zengin motifleriyle diğerlerinden ayrılan Taşova Aşağı Baraklı (Özbaraklı) Camii mihrabı tanıtılıp değerlendirilecektir. Başlangıcından itibaren farklı form ve süslemeleriyle göze çarpan mihraplar zamanla cami ve mescitlerin vazgeçilmez birer unsuru hâline gelmiştir. Teknik ve estetik özellikleri ile döneminin sanatını en iyi şekilde yansıtan Aşağı Baraklı Camii mihrabının detaylı bir biçimde ortaya konması, değerlendirilmesi sanat tarihi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
İstiklal Marşı’nın Kabulü ve Mehmet Akif Ersoy Temalı Posta Pulları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: AYCİL Serkan
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı; millî marş olarak bestelenen İstiklal Marşı’nı ve Mehmet Akif Ersoy’u posta pulları ve ilk gün zarfları üzerinden farklı bir şekilde kurgulamaya çalışmaktır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının esas alındığı bu çalışma, doküman analizi üzerinden ilerletilmiştir. Çalışmada, doküman analizi ve görsel araştırma olmak üzere İki farklı yöntem kullanılmıştır. Doküman analizi; rapor, gazete, kitap, dergi, ansiklopedi, diğer basılı eserler ve dijital yayınlar üzerinden alınan veriler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilirken görsel araştırmada ise Mehmet Akif Ersoy’u ve İstiklal Marşı’nı konu alan posta pulları ve ilk gün zarfları tedarik edilerek bu görseller üzerinden farklı bir içerik oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. 3 farklı araştırma alanı üzerinden sürdürülen bu çalışmanın temel verilerini 1956-2021 tarihleri arasında tedavüle çıkarılan 8 adet posta pulu, 2 adet ilk gün zarfı ve 2 puldan oluşan anma bloğu oluşturmaktadır. İlk gün zarflarının her 2’si ve posta pullarının 7’si Türkiye’de, kalan pulların 1’i Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde, son olarak 2 seriden oluşan anma bloğu ise Türkiye Pakistan Ortaklığıyla tedavüle çıkarılmıştır. Görsel öğeler üzerinden kurgulanan bu çalışma; fikrî, edebî ve sanatsal boyutuyla literatüre katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Negativa familiar en un proceso de donación
Authors: Rivera-Durón Erika , Portillo-García F. , Tenango-Soriano V. , González-Moreno F. , Vázquez-Salinas C.
Published: July 2022

A nivel mundial, sólo el 47% de personas a las que se les realiza la petición para donación de órganos y tejidos otorga su consentimiento a pesar de que en las
encuestas de opinión pública, más del 75% de la población está a favor de la donación. Objetivo: encontrar y notificar las principales causas por las cuales las familias no accede a la
donación. Material y métodos: análisis transversal, retrospectivo y descriptivo de todos los pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de ser potenciales donadores de órganos y tejidos con
fines de trasplante en el periodo de enero 2012 a julio 2013, cuyo proceso terminó en negativa durante la entrevista familiar. El estudio se realizó en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y
Neurocirugía. Conclusiones: el Instituto tuvo un porcentaje de negativas del 62.5, en comparación con el 53% a nivel mundial. Los factores en apariencia insolubles, como religión, cultura y
nivel socioeconómico a menudo están vinculados con cuestiones más complejas, como el descontento con el sistema médico, ignorancia sobre el proceso de donación, desconocimiento póstumo de los
pacientes, desacuerdos familiares y la no comprensión del diagnóstico de muerte encefálica.
Mononeuropatía múltiple en paciente con neurofibromatosis tipo 2
Authors: Díaz-Negrillo Antonio
Published: July 2022

El propósito de este trabajo es poner de manifiesto la posible relación existente entre la neurofibromatosis tipo 2, trastorno genético que afecta fundamentalmente a estructuras del sistema nervioso central, y la mononeuropatía múltiple, desorden neurológico en el que se ve afectado el sistema nervioso periférico. Se quiere resaltar la importancia de las exploraciones neurofisiológicas en el estudio de estos pacientes. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 27 años estudiada por diplopia, dificultad auditiva y alteraciones sensitivo-motoras en brazo y pierna izquierdas. La reveló lesiones sugestivas de neurofibromatosis tipo 2. Los estudios neurofisiológicos objetivaron datos de mononeuropatía múltiple. No existen muchos casos publicados en la literatura que documenten una asociación entre estas dos entidades patológicas.
Los mecanismos fisiológicos, sus efectos a nivel cerebral, en las funciones cognitivas y en el rendimiento académico escolar
Authors: Cigarroa-Cuevas Igor , Zapata-Lamana Rafael
Published: July 2022

La evidencia actual indica que la práctica periódica de ejercicio físico tiene efectos beneficios que mejoran el rendimiento físico y cognitivo. Si bien faltan algunos mecanismos por entender, la neurogénesis hipocampal en conjunto a cambios funcionales y estructurales a nivel neuronal serían los responsables de los efectos del ejercicio físico en la cognición. En niños y adolescentes, dichos efectos cognitivos pueden conllevar a mejoras en el rendimiento escolar y en edades más avanzadas, prevenir o retrasar declives de la memoria. Objetivo: conocer los mecanismos que explican los efectos del ejercicio físico en las funciones cognitivas y su impacto en el rendimiento académico. Conclusión: existe evidencia que soporta la idea de que el ejercicio físico desencadena procesos que facilitan la neuroplasticidad, Además, genera efectos positivos no sólo en numerosas funciones cognitivas, sino que es capaz de mejorar el rendimiento académico.
Análisis del comportamiento de infecciones nosocomiales y evaluación de dos esquemas de profilaxis prequirúrgica en un centro de referencia neurológica
Authors: Santos César Alejandro Martínez-de los , Cárdenas-Hernández Graciela Agar , Diaz-López Luis Guillermo , Soto-Hernández José Luis , González-Villavelázquez Mirna Leticia , Ochoa-Martínez Edith
Published: July 2022

Antecedentes: Las infecciones postoperatorias e intrahospitalarias, generan una mayor morbi-mortalidad e incrementan los costos de la atención. El abuso de antibióticos
y la creciente prevalencia de infecciones posoperatorias por bacterias gram negativas, han llevado al empleo de regímenes alternativos de profilaxis antimicrobiana. Objetivos: Describir el
comportamiento de las infecciones nosocomiales y comparar dos esquemas de profilaxis antimicrobiana pre-quirúrgica. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, en que se describen las tasas de
infecciones nosocomiales, y su relación con dos esquemas de profilaxis prequirúrgica (EPP) de marzo a junio; EPP 1 (año 2017) y EPP2 (año 2018), así como con medidas adicionales a los EPP como
uso de cloraprep /Lysol (2017) y lavado de manos (2018) durante esos periodos, a fin de evaluar la eficacia de los mismos. Resultados: El número de episodios de infecciones por cada 100
egresos, fue de 10.67 (2017) y de 11.42 (2018) sin diferencias estadísticas. La tasa de infección de catéter venoso central fue 17.4 vs 9.1 (p= 0.001), urosepsis de 10.75 vs 9.27 (p=0.03,) y
bacteriemia de 2.59 a 1.88 (p=0.04,). Durante el esquema EPP1 hubo 125 episodios de infección, mientras EPP2, sólo 119, así como disminución en urosepsis, bacteriemia e infección del sitio de
gastrostomía. Conclusiones: No hubo incremento significativo de infecciones en neuroquirúrgicos con ambos esquemas, ni en infecciones nosocomiales. Es importante mencionar que, el uso de
cloraprep para la asepsia prequirúrgica y Lysol para descontaminación de superficies inertes, así como el mejoramiento en las técnicas de lavado de manos han sido determinantes para el control
de infecciones nosocomiales.
Desempeño de la Función Ejecutiva por áreas, en internos condenados por homicidio involuntario y doloso
Authors: Alvarado-Grijalba Sandra Liliana , Pulido-Suárez Claudia Bibiana , Rincón-Lozada Carlos Francisco
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Colombia ha sido uno de los países con las tasas de violencia más altas en el mundo, siendo la segunda causa de muerte en el país, sin embargo la investigación científica de la dinámica de este fenómeno social es insuficiente, uno de los aspectos centrales en la investigación de la violencia homicida es el desarrollo de los perfiles de los perpetradores, los resultados de estos estudios coinciden en que no existe un perfil unitario de agresores en términos de personalidad, psicopatología o características demográficas. Objetivo: comparar el desempeño en la función ejecutiva por áreas en internos condenados por homicidio involuntario y doloso. Material y método: se realizó un estudio comparativo descriptivo, con diseño no experimental, se evaluaron dos grupos de homicidas involuntario y doloso, a través de la batería neuropsicológica de las funciones ejecutivas (Banfe2) y una ficha sociodemográfica. Resultados: los datos demográficos mostraron predomino del estrato socioeconómico 1, escolaridad de secundaria, estado civil unión libre, tipo de familia nuclear, un alto porcentaje de la muestra reporto no consumir sustancias psicoactivas, en el análisis de varianza con la prueba T de Student y la comparación de los rendimientos por área y grupo con la prueba Chi X2 se evidencia en la significancia bilateral que no hubo puntuaciones estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos de homicidas. Conclusión: el desempeño neuropsicológico en las tres áreas y en el funcionamiento ejecutivo global, se encontraron con alteraciones de leves a graves, indicando y confirmando el bajo perfil cognitivo en homicidas, las características sociodemográficas coinciden con las de varios estudios en esta población.
Efecto anticonvulsivo y antidepresivo del extracto etanólico de hojas de Annona reticulata en rata
Authors: Baron Flores Veronica , Martínez-Rodríguez E. , Hernández-López D. , Romero-Paredes M. , González-Trujano M.E. , Díaz-Ruiz Araceli , Rios-Castañeda Camilo
Published: July 2022

La depresión, la ansiedad y la epilepsia son afecciones del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) que causan sufrimiento y morbilidad entre la población mexicana. Si bien existen fármacos para su terapéutica, en ocasiones éstos resultan ineficaces y promueven efectos adversos que conllevan a la falta de apego por parte del paciente. Especies del género Annona son utilizadas en la medicina tradicional Mexicana por sus propiedades inhibitorias del SNC, de los cuales ya se han reportado sus propiedades como ansiolítico-sedantes y anticonvulsivos, además de sus propiedades como anticancerígenos, antioxidantes y anti-inflamatorios. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en realizar un cernimiento de los posibles efectos inhibidores en el SNC de la especie Annona reticulata (A. reticulata) sobre modelos experimentales en roedores. Método: A. reticulata se utilizó preparada como un extracto etanólico, para evaluar sus efectos como ansiolitico y antidepresivo en la prueba de nado forzado y como anticonvulsivo en la prueba de crisis convulsivas inducidas con pentilentetrazol en ratas, también se probó su efecto como ansiolítico en la prueba de enterramiento de canicas. Imipramina, valproato de sodio y diazepam se utilizaron como fármacos de referencia, respectivamente. Resultados: A. reticulata redujo la conducta depresiva, además aumentó la latencia y disminuyó la severidad de las crisis convulsivas, y disminuyó la respuesta tipo ansiedad de los ratones. Conclusión: este estudio da evidencia preclínica de las propiedades como antidepresivo, ansiolítico y anticonvulsivo de las hojas de A. reticulata, reforzando su potencial en la búsqueda de alternativas para afecciones del SNC.
Bisiklet Mucizesi
Authors: İÇEL Meliha
Published: July 2022

Fransız antropolog ve etnolog Marc Augé’nin “Bisiklet Mucizesi” başlıklı eseri Fransızca’da 2008 yılında yayınlanmış, ilk Türkçe çevirisini 2020 yılı Aralık ayında Hil Yayınları yapmıştır. Eserin sürdürülebilir bir kent içi ulaşım bağlamında derinlikli bir incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Le réalisme dans les œuvres de Glass
Authors: Tahara Hiroki
Published: July 2022

グラスの作品に見るリアリズム 高野優子
Studi Business Model pada Maskapai Penerbangan Hooters Air
Authors: Pradana Adian Arya
Published: July 2022

Bisnis penerbangan Hooters Air di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2000an mengalami era kenaikan (rise). Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan kenaikan (rise) dan penurunan (fall) pada bisnis penerbangan Hooters Air. Studi ini menggunakan studi kasus tunggal pada bisnis Hooters Air yang bergerak di bidang transportasi dengan analisis business model canvas, business pattern, business environment & value proposition canvas. Bisnis transportasi pernah tren pertumbuhan dan sukses karena memiliki value proposition konsumen diajak makan sambil terbang sejauh satu mil. Namun, bisnis tersebut mengalami penurunan karena key activities setelah serangan 9/11 yang diasosiasikan di industri penerbangan. Studi merekomendasikan key activities lebih mendalami ilmu makro-ekonomi agar apabila tejadi hal seperti itu dapat diantisipasi.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA TERHADAP PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Darmawan Aman
Published: July 2022

Penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik merupakan upaya negara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar dan hak-hak sipil setiap warga negara atas barang, jasa, dan pelayanan administrasi yang disediakan oleh penyelenggara pelayanan publik. Di Indonesia, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 mengamanatkan kepada negara agar memenuhi kebutuhan dasar setiap warganya demi kesejahteraannya, sehingga efektivitas suatu sistem pemerintahan sangat ditentukan oleh baik buruknya penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik. Penyelenggara pelayanan publik di Indonesia adalah semua organ negara seperti Pemerintah Pusat, Pemerintah Daerah (Provinsi, Kabupaten, Kota). Dalam hal ini, Pembukaan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 pun pada aliena ke-4 secara tegas menyatakan bahwa salah satu tujuan didirikan Negara Republik Indonesia adalah untuk memajukan kesejahteraan publik dan mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tidak berjalannya pelayanan publik dengan baik yaitu: Masalah struktural birokrasi yang menyangkut penganggaran untuk pelayanan publik. Yang mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan publik adalah adanya kendala kultural di dalam birokrasi. Selain itu ada pula faktor dari perilaku aparat yang tidak mencerminkan perilaku melayani, dan sebaliknya cenderung menunjukkan perilaku ingin dilayani. Kondisi birokrasi Indonesia saat ini sudah tidak sesuai dengan tuntutan organisasional yang baru. Di Indonesia, birokrasi di departemen atau pemerintahan paling rendah, yang diutamakan adalah masukan dan proses, bukan hasil. Karenanya, yang selalu diperhatikan oleh para pelaku birokrasi adalah jangan sampai ada sisa pada akhir tahun buku.
PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Darmawansyah A.Aalief
Published: July 2022

Ilmu Pemerintahan (IP) adalah khas Indonesia, yang tidak dikenal di belahan dunia lain. Tetapi IP selalu memperoleh stimulus eksternal: kolonialisme, developmentalisme, dan neoliberalisme. Para pendiri membuat IP untuk alasan aksiologis-praktis, tanpa disertai dengan ontologi dan epistemologi yang memadai. Secara ontologis, konsep pemerintah merupakan tradisi Anglo Saxon, tetapi pemerintahan diambil dari tradisi hukum Eropa Kontinental dan bestuurskunde warisan kolonial, yang di negeri asal disebut administrasi. IP sukses mencetak banyak birokrat, tetapi ia tidak membawa roh “pemerintahan rakyat” dan tidak sanggup mencerahkan praktik pemerintahan Indonesia, melainkan hanya ikut menjaga law and order yang diwarisi dari beamtenstaat kolonial. Developmentalisme dan administrasi negara datang mewarnai Orde Baru, sekaligus juga membentuk sosok IP. Dekade 1990-an Ilmu Politik datang melakukan ‘subversi’ terhadap IP, yang sanggup melucuti warna hukum, tetapi tidak merekonstruksi IP.
InkompatiIbilitas Asas Pengaturan Sistem Pemilu dengan Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial di Indonesia
Authors: Sahrani Aisyah
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji, pertama, apakah asas-asas yang terkandung dalam Undang-Undang Pemilu inkompatibel dengan sistem pemerintahan presidensial? Kedua, apa penyebab inkompatibilitas antara sistem pemilu dengan sistem presidensial? Ketiga, apakah pengaruhnya dalam praktek penyelenggaraan sistem pemerintahan presidensial berdasarkan UUD 1945 pasca amandemen? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif (doktrinal) memfokuskan pada data kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan, pertama, asas-asas dalam sistem pemilu dan sistem pemerintahan presidensiil tidak saling menopang sebagai satu kesatuan sistem. Kedua, penyebab inkompatibalitas antara kedua sistem ini karena norma dan pasal-pasal di dalam undang-undang yang mengatur sistem pemilu asas-asasnya inkompatibel dengan prinsip-prinsip sistem pemerintahan presidensial. Ketiga, pengaruhnya tidak mampu menyokong efektifitas jalannya praktek penyelenggaraan sistem pemerintahan presidensial berdasarkan UUD 1945 pasca amandemen.
Peranan Aparatur Sipil Negara dan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan di Indonesia
Authors: Irghiaksa Bayu
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peranan aparatur pemerintah desa dan partisipasi masyarakat serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi peranan aparatur pemerintah desa dan partisipasi masyarakat Dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan di Desa . Teknik Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Observasi, Kuesioner, dan Data Kepustakaan. Data diolah melalui tabel frekuensi dan persentase. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat di Desa dan sampel yaitu masyarakat yang dianggap banyak mengetahui terhadap masalah yang dihadapi dan diharapkan agar responden yang dipilih mewakili populasi
Suicide attacks
Authors: Lai Thuong
Published: July 2022

A suicide attack is any violent attack, usually entailing the attacker detonating an explosive, where the attacker has accepted their own death as a direct result of the attacking method used. Suicide attacks have occurred throughout history, often as part of a military campaign (as with the Japanese kamikaze pilots of 1944–1945 during World War II), and more recently as part of terrorist campaigns (such as the September 11 attacks in 2001).
Everyday memory and cognitive styles in adults with autism spectrum disorder: The relationship between Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test performance and Empathizing-Systemizing models
Authors: Kaneko Shuhei
Published: July 2022

This study examined everyday memory functioning using the RBMT in adults with ASD compared tohealthy controls. We also examined the relationship between everyday memory and E‒S model measures of empathy quotient (EQ) and systemizing quotient (SQ). The RBMT scores of the ASD group (n=22, mean age=29.2, SD=5.4, 13 males/9 females) and the CON group (n=20, mean age=32.1, SD=4.6, 9 males/11 females) were analyzed. Welch’s test assessed group comparisons between ASD and CON. Wecarried out a generalized linear model (GLM) with total RBMT scores as the dependent variable and ASD/CON and cognitive style (EQ, SQ) as explanatory variables. Multiple models were created with age, gender, FSIQ, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 added as moderator variables. Welch’s tests showed significant differences between the groups in 'Total profile scores' (t=2.982, df=40, p=.005) and 'Prospective memory(PM)' (t=2.781, df=40, p=.008) for the RBMT. GLM revealed that an ASD diagnosis was not associated with total scores on the RBMT (B=1.179, CI: 95%CI [-.273, 2.632], p=.112). In contrast, EQ showedsignificant associations with total RBMT scores (B=0.066, CI: 95%CI [.012, .121], p=.017) and in all models with age, gender, and psychological measures scores as the moderator variables (Model 2: B=0.073, CI: 95%CI [.018, .128], p=.009; Model 3: B=0.066, CI: 95%CI [.010, .121], p=.021). The resultsindicated that everyday memory and PM functioning were impaired in adults with ASD. EQ was consistently associated with total RBMT scores in all models as the sole factor, indicating the involvement of theory of mind and empathy in everyday memory. Future research should focus on relationships between PM functioning and neuropsychological characteristics to examine memory processing in ASD individuals in detail, and should examine how empathic abilities affect memory processing and neuropsychological features.
"We protect, you serve": Ambivalent Sexism and Violence against Women in India
Authors: Sengupta Nikhil K , Hammond Matthew , Deak Chris K , Malhotra Ragini
Published: July 2022

We examined associations between sexist beliefs and tolerance of violence against women in India using a nationally representative probability sample (n = 128,947). Research consistently indicates that hostile sexism fosters tolerance of gender violence. However, benevolent sexism is sometimes associated with higher tolerance and sometimes with lower tolerance of violence against women. We proposed that this inconsistency could be resolved by considering the source of violence: Is violence perpetrated by outsiders or intimate partners? Results of a multi-group structural equation model showed that endorsement of hostile sexism was related to greater tolerance of violence regardless of source. In contrast, endorsement of benevolent sexism was associated with lower tolerance of violence from outsiders but was simultaneously associated with higher tolerance of spousal violence. These opposing processes indicate that although benevolent sexism promises women protection from violence, the very same ideology actually legitimizes spousal violence, thereby reinforcing men’s power within intimate relationships.
Bahujan version of Hindi literary history
Authors: Ranjan Pramod
Published: July 2022

The concept of Bahujan literature is based on the sum total of the literary contribution of a writer. Hence, it also has place for Dwij writers with an unflinching commitment to the cause of the deprived communities. As we have been arguing in the columns of FORWARD Press, the concept of Bahujan literature is a huge umbrella, under which Dalit, Tribal and women’s literature will flourish. Additionally, critical evaluation of the literature and shared values of the OBCs, Pasmandas and nomadic castes should also be attempted. Only this concept of Bahujans would be able to push the elitist literature to the margins.
The Olympic decathlete who became a shaman: C. K. Yang and the masculine body in modern Taiwan
Authors: Morris Andrew D.
Published: July 2022

EAJPC preprints 2019-C. K. Yang (楊傳廣) was a famous decathlete from Taiwan who broke the world decathlon record and competed in three Olympic Games, winning a silver medal in 1960. He was known worldwide as one of the finest athletes of the twentieth century and was beloved in Taiwan as ‘The Asian Iron Man’. After acting in Hollywood movies, coaching Taiwan’s national track and field team, and holding political office, Yang found a new career in the unlikely capacity of Daoist shaman (tâng-ki 童乩, jitong 乩童) in a temple in Hualian. Media reports of this turn in 2001 created a national and cultural crisis, as many wondered how Yang could fall so far and what this revealed about Taiwan. Examination of Yang’s two main endeavours, athletics and shamanism, reveals connections in how both relate to modern notions of masculinity, nationalism, local identity and community spectacle, and also Yang’s own critique of the nature of the Republic of China in the late twentieth century.
Awareness of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty among Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gurung Gopal , Pokharel Mona
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a relatively young surgical specialty with roots in dentistry and medicine. It has expanded with time from simple extraction of the tooth to the reconstruction of the facial deformity using microvascular free tissue transfer.
Objectives: To find out prevalence of awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty among medical students of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September 2020 to 30 September 2020. A total of 100 medical students were chosen by convenience sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed in Google forms and sent to study participants through an internet link to assess the awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty. Data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.
Results: The data showed that 81 (81%) of medical students have heard of oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty. Most of the students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeon for treatment of fracture of the lower jaw [86(86%)], upper jaw [89(89%)] and cheekbone [91(91%)].  Many students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeons to treat tumours of jaws [78(78%], cysts of jaws [77(77%)], temporomandibular joint disorders [74(74%)]. Few students expected oral and maxillofacial surgeon for dental implants [16(16%)] and lip repositioning surgery [4(4%)].
Conclusion: The majority of medical students have heard of Oral and maxillofacial specialty; however, they are not fully aware of the expertise and potentiality of the specialty.
Prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency among hospitalized Children at tertiary care Hospital in Eastern Part of Nepal
Authors: Jha Chandra Bhushan , Rimal Hem Sagar , Subedi Ram Bhakta , Parajuli Surya Bahadur
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most significant enzyme defect. It is X linked inherited disorder that affects males and females are rarely affected by lyonization. Severe jaundice, anemia and hemolytic crisis following ingestion of fava beans and certain drugs are known to occur in children with G6PD deficiency.  Therefore, routine neonatal and child screening programs to facilitate the identification and effective management of children with G6PD deficiency is paramount.

Objective:  The main objective of this study is to find out the  hospital prevalence of G6PD deficiency in hospitalized children at Birat Medical College teaching Hospital.

Methodology: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Paediatric, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital  from30th  November 2020 to 30th May 2021. Three hundred children  upto to ten years of age admitted in department of  pediatrics were included in this study.  This study was performed on hospitalized children who were screened for G6PD deficiency. The test was carried out using the Randox G6PD quantitative in vitro test to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the admitted children upto 10 years of age.Data was analysed using SPSS version 16.

Results:  This study was performed on 300 children, in which male babies (n=192; 64%) outnumbered the female babies (n=108; 36%). The majority of children were in the age group of < 1 years (n=131; 43.7%).The overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 9.3% of which 96.4% were moderately deficient while 3.6% was severely deficient.The highest proportion was noted in the age group of 1 to 5 years. The frequency of this disorder in males and females were 13.5% and 1.9% respectively which was statistically significant (p=0.001).

Conclusion:  The present study confirms the high prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Eastern Region of Nepal. Therefore, we need to establish routine screening and educational programs in order to prevent grave complications in future.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anemia among Pregnant Women at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Deo Amit , Pradhan Tarun
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy is associated with many adverse fetal and maternal outcomes. It is the commonest hematological disorder that occurs in pregnancy. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is very high worldwide, especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence and the factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital.

Methodology: A Quantitative, cross-sectional study conducted for 6 months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. All consecutive pregnant women attending for antenatal checkup in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital were included in the study. Participants with multiple pregnancy, history of recent blood transfusion, chronic kidney disease and other chronic medical diseases were excluded from the study. All participants were advised for Hemoglobin level checkup at first ANC visit as a routine antenatal investigation and questionnaire was asked about the associated risk factors of anemia on predesigned proforma. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using SPSS version 22.

Results:  The prevalence of anemia was high (58.9%)of which mild anemia (Hb level 9-10.9­ gm/dl) was found in 56.1% of participants, moderate anemia (Hb level 7-8.9­ gm/dl) found in 2.1% of participants and severe anemia (Hb level <7 gm/dl ­) was found in 0.8 % of participants.  Factors statistically associated with anemia in pregnancy were caste, literacy, vegetarian diet of pregnant women.

Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia was found to be very high in pregnancy. Anemia in pregnancy was found to be associated with literacy, socioeconomic status and dietary habits of pregnant women.
जनसाङ्ख्यिक संरचना, श्रम सम्बन्ध र सामाजिक नीति
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari केशव प्रसाद Keshav Prasad
Published: July 2022

जनसङ्‍ख्याको उमेरगत संरचनामा जनसङ्‍ख्या वृद्धिदरको प्रभाव परेको हुन्छ भने उमेर संरचनाले उमेर र श्रम सम्बन्धलाई निर्धारण गरेको हुन्छ । उच्च जनसङ्‍ख्या वृद्धिदर बाल बहुल उमेर संरचनाको द्योतक हो । उक्त समयमा विभिन्न पारिवारिक, सामाजिक र श्रमका न्यूनतम उमेरसम्बन्धी नियम कानुनको अभावमा बाल श्रम उच्च हुन्छ । पारिवारिक र सामाजिकस्तरमा आउने जीवनस्तरका सुधारका कारण शिशु र बाल मृत्यु दरमा आएको कमीले प्रजनन दरमा कमी आउँछ र केही समयपछि देशको कुल जनसङ्‍ख्याको वृद्धिदरमा नै कमी ल्याउँछ । जुन तथ्य नेपालमा २०१८ साल पछिका जनगणनाको वार्षिक वृद्धिदरको आँकडालाई विश्लेषण गरेर बुझ्न सकिन्छ । नेपाल अहिले हिजोको बाल बहुल उमेर संरचनाबाट वयस्क बहुल अवस्थामा फड्को मारेको छ । यो उमेर संरचना देशको जनसाङ्ख्यिक लाभ उठाउने स्वर्णिम अवधि हो, जुन अबका केही वर्षसम्म मात्र सम्भव छ । यसका साथै ज्येष्ठ नागरिकको आकारमा क्रमशः हुँदै गएको उच्च वृद्धिले अबका दिनमा देशले अन्यत्रबाट पाठ सिक्दै उनीहरूको चासो सम्बोधन र श्रम सहभागिताको दर बढाउन, सामाजिक र आर्थिक विकासमा सक्रिय साझेदार बनाउन यथोचित नीतिगत व्यवस्था गर्नु अपरिहार्य भएको छ।
विकास व्यवस्थापनमा सुशासन र सकारात्मक सोच
Authors: न्यौपाने Neupane विश्वरमण Bishwaraman , ज्ञवाली Gyawali मिनराज Minraj
Published: July 2022

समाजको विद्यमान स्थितिलाई उन्नत अवस्थामा पुर्‍याई समुदाय र व्यक्तिहरूको चाहना तथा आवश्यकता अनुरूप सक्रिय, स्वतन्त्र र अर्थपूर्ण सहभागिताबाट निरन्तर रूपमा जीविकोपार्जनमा सुधार गर्न विकासले प्रेरित गर्दछ । सहभागितामूलक पद्धतिले ल्याएका उपलब्धिहरूको न्यायोचित वितरण प्रकियालाई सुनिश्चित गर्दै जनताको जीवनस्तरमा, दिगो र गुणात्मक सुधार ल्याई सकारात्मक परिवर्तन गर्न मद्दत गर्दछ । देश, राजनीतिक अवस्था, समय, स्थान, परिस्थिति र आवश्यकताअनुसार विकासको गति र कार्यान्वयन शैलीमा फरकपन भए तापनि यसको प्रभावकारी कार्यान्वयनका लागि आन्तरिक र बाह्य स्रोत परिचालन र अपेक्षित परिणाममा एकरूपता हुने गर्दछ । विश्वमा योजनाबद्ध विकासको सुरुवात १९२८ मा तत्कालिन सोभियत सङ्‍घबाट भएको हो भने नेपालमा राणाकालमै भएको पाइन्छ । नेपालको विकास अर्थतन्त्रमा वैदेशिक सहायता र गैरसरकारी निकायको योगदान महत्त्वपूर्ण रहिआएको छ । विकासका लागि अपनाइएका प्रणालीहरू जनकेन्द्रित, पारदर्शी, समावेशी र जनमुखी भई जनताले सुख, समृद्धि र भलाइ महसुस गर्ने वातावरणले सुशासनको अवस्थालाई प्रतिविम्बित गर्दछ । सुशासन कायम गर्न सचेत नागरिक र नागरिक समाज सरकारी तथा गैरसरकारी संयन्त्रहरूको समन्वय र सहकार्य अपरिहार्य छ । यस्तो कार्यगत समन्वय र राष्ट्रिय एकता कायम गर्न सकारात्मक सोच एक महत्त्वपूर्ण पक्ष हो । यस लेखमा यिनै समसामयिक वस्तुस्थितिको विश्लेषण, सिकाइ, अनुभव र चुनौती सहित सुझावहरू प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
नीतिगत निर्णयमा निहित ‘नीतिगत भ्रष्टाचार’
Authors: थापा Thapa हरिबहादुर Hari Bahadur
Published: July 2022

राज्य सञ्‍चालनको वैधानिक निकाय सरकार हो । लोकतान्त्रिक व्यवस्थामा कार्यकारिणीको सम्पूर्ण अधिकार मन्त्रिपरिषद्‍मा निहित हुन्छ । संविधान तथा कानुनबाट प्राप्त अधिकारबमोजिम मन्त्रिपरिषद्‍बाट विभिन्न निर्णयहरू हुने गर्दछन् । यस क्रममा मन्त्रिपरिषद्‍बाट हुने नीतिगत निर्णयलाई राज्यसञ्‍चालनको क्रममा लिइएको निर्णयका रूपमा लिइन्छ । नीतिगत निर्णयको स्पष्ट परिभाषा नहुँदा यसले विभिन्न किसिमका अन्यौलता र जटिलता ल्याउने गरेको छ । नीतिगत निर्णयमार्फत भ्रष्टाचारले प्रश्रय पाउँदा मन्त्रिपरिषद्‍बाट आम रूपमा नागरिक केन्द्रित भएर गरिने महत्त्वपूर्ण निर्णयहरूसमेत छाँयामा पर्ने र शङ्‍काको दृष्टिकोणबाट हेर्ने परिस्थिति सिर्जना भएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा नीतिगत निर्णयसम्बन्धी साङ्‍गोपाङ्‍ग विश्लेषण, यससँग जोडिएका विभिन्न घटनाक्रम, सम्मानित सर्वोच्च अदालतबाट स्थापित नजिरहरूका साथै संवैधानिक र कानुनी व्यवस्थाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ ।
Conceptual Framework of Fiduciary Risks
Authors: Khanal Gopi Krishna
Published: July 2022

Nepal has adopted a course of federal governance by transferring expenditure and revenue functions to sub-national government in the form of fiscal federalism.  Nevertheless, in recent years, fiduciary risks have been frequently discussed topics in fiscal federalism. This article provides some conceptual framework of fiduciary risks with particular focus on local finance. This descripto-analytical article briefly examines the relationship between the level of fiscal decentralization and fiduciary risks at local government as well. Despite some methodological limitations of cross-sectional regression analysis, it is found that the level of fiscal decentralization is associate with fiduciary risks. This provides some hints for precaution.  Government of Nepal should help local government to improve their level of fiduciary governance.
Analisis Reformasi Birokrasi untuk Mewujudkan Good Governance pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Pratiwi Mariana Ane , Yuwono Teguh , Astuti Retno Sunu , Afrizal Teuku
Published: July 2022

The realization of quality services for the welfare of the community is one of the commitments to change through bureaucratic reform, in its implementation conflicts often arise due to inconsistencies. This is what happened in Pemalang Regency, on the one hand the bureaucracy is aggressively carrying out bureaucratic reform as a form of self-improvement, but on the other hand it slows down the progress of the bureaucracy due to the declining culture of service and weak employee integrity. This paper aims to determine the causes of the non-optimal results of the evaluation of bureaucratic reform along with the supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing bureaucratic reform in the Pemalang Regency Government. This paper study uses a qualitative method with case studies. Data was collected through observation, documentation and interviews. The data analysis techniques are: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, data analysis and triangulation and drawing conclusions to test the validity of the data and find objective truth. The results of the study in this paper indicate that the bureaucratic reforms carried out by the Pemalang Regency government have not shown significant signs of increasing towards a more optimal direction in an effort to realize Good Governance, there are still normative problems related to the quality and capacity of the apparatus resources. An increase in commitment and a change in mindset is needed from the leadership to all levels of employees to make fundamental changes and reforms to the government administration system to achieve good governance.
Analisis Pelaksanaan Tahapan Kampanye dan Sosialisasi pada Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Tahun 2020 Dalam Kondisi Bencana Covid-19
Authors: Hidayat Ardiansyah , Kusmanto Heri , Ridho Hatta
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe how the process and the inhibiting factors for the implementation of the socialization and campaign for the 2020 Madina Regency Election during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This qualitative approach is directed at the background and the individual holistically or intact. The use of each research method depends on three things, namely: first, the type of research question; second, the control the researcher has over the behavioral events that he will study, and third the focus on the phenomenon of his research concerning current or historical phenomena. The results of the study stated that the socialization process carried out by the KPU and Bawaslu in Mandailing Natal Regency was a determining part of people's political behavior. The reason is that the implementation of socialization forms values that indicate how elections should take place and each member of the community in Mandailing Natal Regency participates in the political system. In general, implementing the decision to conduct elections during the Covid-19 Pandemic at the Mandailing Natal Pilkada is a challenge in organizing elections, making new and urgent demands on how elections are managed. The Covid-19 pandemic has symbolically thwarted the social rituals of voters with the power of their individual votes being able to determine who should lead them in the results of the 2020 Simultaneous Pilkada.
Perilaku Masyarakat Pengendara Kendaraan Bermotor Dalam Berlalu Lintas di Kota Medan
Authors: Bangun Dewantara , Zuska Fikarwin , Ginting Bengkel
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the subjective reasons of motorists in traffic who commit traffic violations, such as violations of traffic signs, violations of traffic light, violations of vehicle completeness and violations of driver's equipment. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research technique was carried out by studying literature, interviews, documentation, and observation. The results of the study, the reason for the driver to commit a violation is situational, the encouragement from an urgent situation and rushing in chasing time makes the driver do it. The second reason is individual, namely the encouragement from within oneself, such as a hobby of making modifications that are not up to standard. It would be nice for every motorist to obey the rules in traffic, not because of the guard from the police, especially the traffic police, but should have self-awareness.
Dynamics of Social Capital In Management Of â€œAmartaâ€ Village Business Entities Post-Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hayati Kemala , Aji Juhari Sasmito
Published: July 2022

The Purpose Of This Study Is To Analyze The Dynamics Of Social Capital In The Management Of Village Business Entities Amarta. The Success Of Village Business Entities In Reviving The Post-Covid-19 Economy Is Closely Related To The Dynamics Of Social Capital. The Research Method Used Is A Qualitative Approach With Primary And Secondary Data. The Results Of The Analysis Show That The Social Capital Of Village Business Entities Amarta Has A Significant Impact On Village Economic Growth After The Covid-19 Pandemic, This Is Influenced By The Influence Of Social Capital From Component 1) Social Networks In The Form Of Ownership Of Common Goals Which Are Pursued Through Formal Discussions And Informal Discussions Involving The Community. 2) Norms, Namely Written And Unwritten Rules To Improve The Quality Of Village Business Entities Management. 3) Trust, Which Is Implemented In The Form Of Cooperation With Fellow Village Business Entities Management And The Application Of Openness In Efforts To Manage Village Business Entities. So The Social Capital Component Will Achieve The Output Of Improving The Performance Of Village Business Entities.
Community Empowerment Through the Village Innovation Incubation Program - Local Economic Development in Pejambon Village, Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Septiani Fera Dwi , Saiman Saiman , Hijri Yana Syafriyana
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat Pemberdayaan masyarakat di Desa Pejambon merupakan wujud implementasi Program Pilot Inkubasi Inovasi Desa- Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal (PIID-PEL) melalui unit usaha bidang wisata BUMDesa Pejambon dari Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa (DPMD) Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang tercantum dalam keputusan Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi (PDTT) Nomor 48 Tahun 2018 tentang pedoman umum inovasi Desa. Tujuan utama dibentuknya unit usaha bisang wisata adalah salah satu terobosan Pemerintah Desa Pejambon sebagai upaya mengurangi kelompok masyarakat pra sejahtera di Desa Pejambon dengan cara memberdayakan masyarakat di kawasan wisata edukasi Pejambon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dalam menganalisis mengenai pemberdayaan masayarakat melalui program Pilot Inkubasi Inovasi Desa- Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal (PIID-PEL) oleh BUMDesa Pejambon, peneliti menggunakan teori pemberdayaan masayarakat menurut Kartasasmita, terdapat indikator pelaksanaannya; memungkinkan berkembangnya potensi masyarakat pra sejahtera, pemberdayaan untuk memperkuat potensi masyarakat pra sejahtera sebagai pengelola wisata dengan melakukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan, dan terakhir perlindungan diberikan masyarakat pra sejahtera sebagai pengelola wisata edukasi Pejambon sebagai bentuk jaminan pengelola wisata edukasi Pejambon, Kecamatan Sumberrejo, Kabupaten Bojonegoro.
Properties of low-lying charmonia and bottomonia from lattice QCD + QED
Authors: Koponen Jonna , Galloway Ben , Hatton Daniel , Davies Christine T. H. , Lepage G. Peter , Lytle Andrew
Published: July 2022

The precision of lattice QCD calculations has been steadily improving for some time and is now approaching, or has surpassed, the 1% level for multiple quantities. At this level QED effects, i.e. the fact that quarks carry electric as well as color charge, come into play. In this report we will summarise results from the first lattice QCD+QED computations of the properties of ground-state charmonium and bottomonium mesons by the HPQCD Collaboration.
Fish Species Composition and Distribution from 2015 to 2019 in the Ibulao River, Ifugao, Cordillera, Philippines
Authors: Tauli Mary , Garcia Marx Perfecto , Podeque Jee Remae , Signey Lilibeth , Sarmiento Katreena , Santos Mudjekeewis
Published: July 2022

The composition, diversity, and distribution of fish species in the Ibulao River were surveyed from January to December 2015-2019. The samples for fish species identification were collected from the landed catch of three landing centers in the Ibulao River, namely: Lamut, Kiangan, and Lagawe in the Province of Ifugao, Philippines. The sampling of stocks was conducted using the National Stock Assessment Program (NSAP) methodology. A total of 18 fish species from 11 families were recorded. The river supports four endemic species, two native species, 11 introduced species, and one species for further identification. The status of one goby species will be determined upon identification at the species level. In 2015 and 2016, the most dominant catch in the Ibulao River was Cyprinus carpio (common carp), but from 2017 to 2019, the most dominant catch was Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). These two introduced fish species constituted the top 2 fish species in the Ibulao River from 2015 to 2019. The native fish species, which are the migratory fish Anguilla marmorata (giant mottled eel) and the Awaous melanocephalus (largesnout goby), are found in all the landing centers but with an observed declining catch. This information will serve as a basis for formulating protection and conservation policies for the fish species and their habitat in the Ibulao River.
Method Standardization and Guidance Value Determination for Regulation on Formaldehyde in Round Scad (Decapterus spp.)
Authors: Dela Cruz James , Cudia Paul Bryan Paulo , Seguerra Aira Mae , Romero Marc Lawrence
Published: July 2022

There are reports of traded Galunggong (Fil.), Decapterus spp., adulterated with formaldehyde (FA) to lengthen shelf life. FA is a noxious substance with negative repercussions to general consumer health. This warrants the determination of a guidance value due to a lack of a local regulatory value specific to Galunggong amidst rising Filipino public concern in the wake of importations complicated by the natural occurrence of FA in the marine fish post-mortem. Comparisons were made on FA levels of fish treated with different conditions exposure and with colorimetric measurements using 405 nm and 412 nm via Nash’s method optimized for a fish matrix with no significant difference in measurement to at most 30 ppm FA in an aqueous matrix. There is also no significant difference in FA content of samples measured immediately from those frozen overnight. Therefore, in line with the regulatory mandates of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) of the Department of Agriculture (Republic of the Philippines), a guidance value of 46.24 μg FA/g of Galunggong or 46.24 ppm is suggested, which is obtained from FA measurements of fish subjected to minimal anthropogenic treatments in different conditions of adulteration. Samples from different Metro Manila wet markets serve as the baseline. The guidance value is suggested to be used as a reference for regulatory purposes and can be improved with a more widespread sampling of fish from landing to selling.
Diving into the Asian and African World. Part 1. The Middle East and Africa. – М.: KDU, Dobrosvet, 2022.
Authors: Воронцова М.В. , Зиза М.В. Зиза М.В. , Кононова Т.Л. , Наливайко О.А. , Павловская О.А. , Полунина Т.С. , Шихзаманова Л.Э. , Шихзаманова Т.Н.
Published: July 2022

Учебное пособие по английскому языку Diving into the Asian and African World предназначено для студентов всех специальностей, связанных с изучением стран Азии и Африки. Данное пособие может использоваться в группах с уровнем владения английским языком В1 и выше. Пособие не заменяет общий курс английского языка, а является его дополнением. Цель пособия – ввести и закрепить основную лексику, связанную с восточной тематикой, дать информацию по разным странам всем студентам-востоковедам независимо от их узкой специализации и развить интерес к проблематике восточных стран. Пособие содержит тексты, аудио- и видеоматериалы, а также разнообразные упражнения. Часть 1 посвящена странам Ближнего и Среднего Востока и Африки и предназначена для использования на 1 курсе.