bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSPECTIVE SEARCHES OF MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS AS SOURCE OF POLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: M.T. Kisieva , F.N. Bidarova , E.M. Aslanidi , Z.V. Rubaeva
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the conducted researches was studying of cones of a pine ordinary as source of polysaccharides in complex processing of raw materials. Cones of a pine ordinary were assembled during pollination. For the purpose of development of complex processing of raw materials researches on studying of the cones which remained after receiving pollen are conducted. Researches showed prospects of use of cones of a pine ordinary as source of polysaccharides after receiving pollen.
The pectin content in ordinary pine cones, established by the oxalate method, was 1,2 ± 0,1%.
Qualitative determination of pectin is proposed by colour reaction with solution of carbazole with alcohol 0,5%.
Reaction with 10% lead (II) basic acetate was also used to identify pectin.
One indicator of the detoxifying activity of pectin is the degree of esterification (ratio of esterified and free carboxyl groups). Low esterified pectins (esterification rate below 50%) are used as detoxicant.
Important is the fact that the complex processing of ordinary pine cones will make it possible to obtain pectin actually from pollen production waste. In the developed scheme of complex processing of ordinary pine cones for hydrolysis-extraction of pectin-high substances from raw materials, it is proposed to use citric acid solution with pH 1,8-2,0. Methods for identifying and quantifying pectin in an object are valid. As a result of all the studies, a method was developed for producing pectin from ordinary pine cones in the complex processing of raw materials, the content of which was 1,2±0,1%, and the degree of esterification 13,20 ± 0,5%.
The results of the conducted studies showed that the content of tannins in the studied raw materials of pine cones was 0,66±0,02%.
As a result of all studies, a method of producing pectin from ordinary pine cones in complex processing of raw materials has been developed. The obtained results make it possible to recommend the obtained pectins as an effective detoxifying agent and a source of polysaccharides, tannins.
INFLUENCE OF CHILDREN'S EXPERIMENTATION ON THE FORMATION OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY IN OLDER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: A.V. Syshikova
Published: May 2021

Currently, education is faced with the task of educating not only a creative, comprehensively developed person, but also flexibly orientated in a constantly changing reality, ready to master fundamentally new areas of activity. Reforming the educational system is associated with the organization of a full-fledged process of cognition, the implementation of developmental education and self-education, the continuity of this process at all its stages. In this regard, a special place is occupied by the problem of studying and developing cognitive activity.
This article reveals the importance of the activity approach, which underlies the pedagogical system developed by the author to increase the cognitive activity of children in experimental activity. The dynamics of the levels of development of the cognitive activity of children after the implementation in the educational process of a preschool educational institution (DOE) of a system that includes different types of children's experimentation is shown. The developed pedagogical system to increase the cognitive activity of preschool children includes not only work with preschoolers, but also involves the interaction of kindergarten teachers and parents, as well as work to improve competencies in the use of children's experimentation in the educational process among teachers.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ACCOMPANYING DISTANCE LEARNING OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND DISABILITIES
Authors: T.I. Maistrika
Published: May 2021

Children with disabilities (HH) and disabilities are children whose health conditions impede the development of educational programs outside the special conditions of education and upbringing. At the same time, the groups of students with disabilities and disabilities are extremely heterogeneous. First of all, this is determined by the fact that such groups include schoolchildren with various disorders: intellect, disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere, vision, hearing, speech, musculoskeletal system, with delay and complex developmental disorders.
The Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" state that children with developmental problems have equal rights to education with all. In this regard, ensuring the realization of the right of children with disabilities to education is considered one of the most important tasks of state policy. Inclusive education is a process of joint education and training of persons with disabilities and normally developing peers. The goal of inclusive education is to implement an individual and differentiated approach to students with disabilities. In the course of such education, children with disabilities can achieve the most complete progress in social development. Thus, the question arises of organizing the learning process with the indicated categories of children. The relevance of the topic under consideration is also determined by the modern possibilities of Internet resources, which cannot but be used in the education system of schoolchildren. This article reveals the features of the implementation of information technologies in the educational process of students with disabilities and disabilities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR FORMING PROFESSIONAL-IMPORTANT QUALITIES IN ATHLETES
Authors: E.S. Naboychenko , M.V. Noskova
Published: May 2021

The study of the conditions for the formation of professionally important qualities in athletes is due to the fact that every year in sports of the highest achievements the level of physical complexity and psychological endurance rises, new records are set, the requirements for professional training and the personality of an athlete increase.
The article discusses the issues of psychological and pedagogical conditions in the formation of professionally important qualities in athletes. The aim of the study is to identify the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of professionally important qualities in athletes. The content of the article includes a theoretical analysis of the psychological and pedagogical literature of the concepts of "condition", "pedagogical conditions", "psychological conditions". The author's vision on the definition of the concepts of "psychological and pedagogical conditions in sports", "professional qualities of an athlete" is given, as well as the characteristics of these conditions that contribute to the formation of professionally important qualities in athletes, and provide psycho-emotional stability. According to the authors, the professionally important qualities of an athlete (PVK) are individual psychological and physiological qualities that affect his effectiveness in sports activity. These include psychoemotional stability, self-reflection, motivation, resilience, concentration of attention, self-regulation, self-control, locus control (localization of control of volitional effort), etc.
The main result of the study is the concretization of conditions that contribute to the formation of professionally important qualities necessary for the implementation of successful sports activity. The authors refer to the psychological and pedagogical conditions: ensuring a favorable socio-psychological climate in the team, relationships and the creation of psychological safety; ensuring the consistency of the athlete's psychological training; providing psychological and pedagogical debriefing; improvement of educational and methodological, scientific and methodological support of the psychological training of an athlete; psychological and pedagogical competence of a trainer through refresher courses; organization of scientific and practical conferences, symposia, forums; implementation of digitalization in sports.
FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS WITH DISABILITIES IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: S.B. Pashkin , S.Y. Goncharova
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the aspect of working with the family in the framework of psychological and pedagogical support of primary school pupils with disabilities (category of disorders of the musculoskeletal system). The optimal child guidance in relation to a primary school pupil with disabilities is shown. A desirable style of child guidance, the formation of which psychological and pedagogical support should contribute, is to accept the situation and help the pupil in this acceptance and in the formation of those qualities that will help compensate for his/her violations. Methods of observation, conversation and psychodiagnosis were applied. We also used "Analysis of family education" method (E. Eidemiller and V. Yustitskis).
As a result of empirical research of families with children with cerebral palsy (only with preserved mental capacity), it was revealed that there are disharmonious styles of child guidance in families — coziness and hyperprotection prevailed. A feature of the psychological and pedagogical support of primary school pupils with disabilities should be actions aimed at educating parents about the variety of child guidance styles and selection of an optimal one according to their individual situation. The prospect of the research is to consider the characteristics of child guidance in families with various types of health limitations.
THE EXPERIENCE OF THE PEDAGOGICAL EXCELLENCE SCHOOL: UPBRINGING OF EDUCATORS
Authors: A.I. Artyukhina , S.V. Tretyak , V.V. Velikanov
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problem of improving the continuing pedagogical training of medical university instructors in the field of professional upbringing of students. The urgency of the stated problem is due to the country's need for competent specialists, whose level of education should meet the requirements of the profession and the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. The authors set the goal of summarizing the pedagogical experience of the Course of pedagogy and educational technologies of additional professional education of Volgograd state medical University in training the instructors at the Pedagogical Excellence School (additional professional program "Educational work with students as an obligatory component of educational programs implementation"). The current state of medical students’ upbringing is considered and the need for medical university instructors training for students’ upbringing in contemporary situation is substantiated. The utilized methods are the theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature and publications, theoretical cognition, observation, system analysis and evaluation of information. The structure of the Pedagogical Excellence School integrating formal and non-formal education is presented. The content of the additional professional program for improving pedagogical qualification "Upbringing of students as an obligatory component of educational programs implementation" and the organization of pedagogical training for medical university instructors are considered. The content of the experience of value-oriented activity in educational work is formulated. The necessity for joint implementation of humanitarian support of students by the instructors of medical and humanitarian subjects is discussed. The role of tutors developing an active civic position of students is analyzed. The methods of interpretation of the data obtained in the university instructors’ survey were used for testing of the proposed program. The conclusion summarizes the experience of Pedagogical Excellence School in upbringing of educators.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF EXCELLENCE IN THE SPORT OF HIGHER ACHIEVEMENTS AS A COMPONENT OF THE SUCCESS OF THE ATHLETE
Authors: E.S. Naboychenko , M.V. Noskova
Published: May 2021

The article raises one of the urgent problems in modern sports of the highest achievements - the problem of psychological support for the superiority of athletes. Considered as one of the priority directions of state policy. Modern sport is distinguished by a significant intensity of training loads, a reduction in time limits in the preparation of athletes, a great personal responsibility, both a coach and an athlete for the result in competitions of various levels. All of these factors affect the mental state of the athlete. In this connection, disturbances in the stability of the neuropsychic state, psycho-emotional lability and tension, and low resistance to stress may appear. It is obvious that there is a need for psychological support of athletes at all stages of sports activity in order to form stress resistance, an active life position, a competitive and healthy personality. Excellence in sports is considered as the achievement of high sports results, the peak of skill in sports activities, as well as the achievement of the athlete's superiority in setting and implementing the goal, the sports activity itself and to ensure the quality of the sports process as an end result. In our opinion, psychological support in elite sports is a system for managing the processes of an athlete's personality development, mental states, processes of social behavior, adaptation of an athlete to the end of a sports professional career, as well as a study of the psychological patterns of mental improvement in the process of sports formation. Psychological support of athletes at different stages of the development of a sports career is an important component of the activity of a sports psychologist and includes the following areas: primary psychological diagnostics; psychodiagnostic control; psychological correction; psychological counseling of athletes, their parents (if necessary), coaches.
THE DEVELOPING AND EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL OF PROFESSIONAL-ORIENTED EVENT EDUCATION
Authors: A.I. Artyukhina , S.V. Tretyak , V.V. Velikanov
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the study of event approach is justified by its potential for training personalization, personal and professional development of students. The aim is to analyze the practice of event education at Volgograd State Medical University and Volgograd State Technical University. The classification of educational events is presented and levels of event education are highlighted. The aims, content and procedural aspects of approach are studied and characterized with an emphasis on personal and professional development of students. The experience of implementing event approach helped to distinguish and characterize the stages of educational events and effectively use the technologies for specialists’ training. The potential of educational, developmental and educational events for improvement of quasi-professional skills was substantiated. To get the instructors ready for implementation of these technologies, the event-based approach was introduced in educational process at levels of postgraduate education and continuing pedagogical training of university staff. The cooperation of students and instructors in the process of “living” in an educational event, as well as reflection, are considered as the means and goals of event education. The analysis of the trainees’ satisfaction showed that the event approach met the educational needs of attendees (students, graduate students and teachers). It also made the educational process personally and professionally significant. The findings can be used in the development of university curricula, as it personalizes the educational process due to event approach.
THE CREATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTRUCTOR IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: A.I. Artyukhina , S.V. Tretyak , V.V. Velikanov
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the development of a university instructor through the integration of formal and non-formal education within the framework of the School of Pedagogical Excellence (SPE). The relevance of the topic is confirmed by lack of a system of continuous pedagogical education for instructors of specialized universities. The aim is to study the potential of the SPE and generalize the experience in creating educational and developmental environment for pedagogical creativity. Aт overview of researches in training of teaching doctors is given. Authors present the approaches to the integration of formal and non-formal components of continuing pedagogical education. The empirical base of the research is Volgograd State Medical University. The structure and activities of the SPE are presented. An analysis of the learning outcomes has proved the effectiveness of the concept. The content meets the educational needs of the university staff and provides psychological and andragogical support for the development of specialists and the distribution of innovative experience. The SPE provides opportunities for non-formal education through the exchange of experience and joint projects. The collaboration of instructors in humanitarian, natural, medical and social sciences help to enrich the content of all disciplines with professionally and personally significant values, promoting the joint development of educators and students. The possibility of instant implementation of modern pedagogical technologies due to the parallel additional pedagogical education and the professional activities is valuable. The results can improve the system of continuous pedagogical education for university instructors.
Financial Efficiency Measurement in Airlines and Determining Factors of Efficiency
Authors: ASKER Veysi , AYDIN Nurhan
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study is to compare airlines by carrying out measurement of efficiency of them obtaining different business models in terms of financial. The other aim is to reveal variables which have influence on score of efficiency. With this regard, airlines are separated into two groups, namely, traditional and low-cost airlines based on their business models. While the measurement of traditional and low-cost airlines efficiency was carried out with Data Envelopment Analysis, factors affecting efficiency scores of airlines were determined by Tobit regression model. According to the results of the study, airlines obtaining low-cost business model are more efficient than airlines obtaining traditional business model in terms of financial. Moreover, large-scale traditional airlines are more efficient than medium-scale traditional airlines. In terms of Tobit regression model, there are different results for two groups.
Implementasi Kebijakan dan Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Perusahaan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Di PT Perkebunan Nusantara V Provinsi Riau
Authors: Haq Agung Nur Haq , Basuni Sambas , Sunkar Arzyana
Published: May 2021

Provinsi Riau menurut BPS tahun 2017 merupakan provinsi dengan luas  perusahaan sawit terbesar di Indonesia sehingga implementasi kebijakan CSR paling banyak dilakukan oleh perusahaan kelapa sawit di Provinsi Riau. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur kinerja implementasi kebijakan dan program CSR perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelititan ini dilakukan pada perusahaan BUMN (PTPN V) dengan mengambil empat contoh unit kebun berdasarkan purposive sampling yang dilihat dari perbedaan lokasi kehidupan masyarakat, 3 unit kebun berada di Kabupaten Kampar, dan satu unit kebun di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode IPA yang memperbandingkan antara persepsi perusahaan dan masyarakat. Komponen penyusun kuisioner untuk menilai persepsi terdiri atas penjabaran pernyataan yang diambil dari Peratutran Pemerintah no 47 tahun 2012 terkait pelaksanaan CSR dan beberapa literatur buku yang menjelaskan pelaksanaan CSR secara baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja implementasi kebijakan CSR  yang telah dilaksanakan PT Perkebunan Nusantara V tergolong sangat baik dari aspek isi kebijakan dan dukungan, namun perlu perbaikan pada aspek transparansi, program CSR dan hasil.Transparansi dan keterbukaan informasi yang lebih luas menjadi poin penting untuk keterjangkauan terhadap sasaran pemberian CSR yang lebih baik untuk kedepannya.
Variation of Addition of Nutrients (Liquid NPK) in Microalgae Cultivation of Chlorella Sp.
Authors: Anshah Silmi Afifah
Published: May 2021

Nutrien merupakan faktor penting dalam pertumbuhan mikroalga. Amonia merupakan salah satu sumber nutrien yang paling disukai oleh mikroalga karena langsung dapat dimanfaatkan di dalam tubuh mikrolaga. Meskipun amonia paling disukai, namun keberadaannya dalam jumlah besar dapat berdampak buruk pada mikroalga. Sifat racun pada amonia dapat menyebabkan kematian pada mikroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari komposisi penambahan nutrien yang paling sesuai pada proses kultivasi mikroalga. Variasi penambahan NPK cair (nutrien) yang dipilih pada penelitian ini yaitu 0 mL; 0,3 mL; 1 mL; dan 2 mL. Penelitian dilakukan dengan sistem batch teraerasi. Variasi yang dianggap paling sesuai untuk proses kultivasi mikroalga yaitu variasi penamabah NPK 0,3 mL.
Pengaruh koreksi bias dan metode ensemble pada data curah hujan dari empat model luaran Regional Climate Model (RCM) CORDEX-SEA di Sumatera
Authors: Nur Irza Arnita , Rahmat Hidayat  , Arnida Lailatul Latifah  , Misnawati
Published: May 2021

Drought is a natural disaster that occurs slowly and lasts longer until the wet season occurred. Drought occurred in expected time, so that preparations and preparedness can be made in dealing with drought disasters. Therefore, we need an overview of future drought events (or projections).In this study, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used as drought index. The occurrence of drought is closely related to weather factors and occurs repeatedly. Time-series weather data is needed to know the time-series weather conditions. Problems with data that often occur can be overcome by using numerical climate modeling which is currently widely used. Regional Climate Model (RCM) is a climate model that can be used to build long-term climate data, both time-series and projection data. The results showed RCM model data required bias correction in order to reduce bias in the CORDEX RCM model data. RCM rainfall models before correction were still biased. Thus, bias correction is needed to reduce bias in models data. Time series obtained from SPI baseline data for 2000-2005 in Lampung and West Sumatra provinces showed SPI value which smaller than the projection SPI value in 2021-2030. While SPI time series with RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios showed different results. SPI with RCP 8.5 scenario have more negative value so that drought occurred more often than RCP 4.5. The negative SPI index that often occured in RCP 8.5 scenario appeared to be in RCM IPSL and MPI models year 2025-2030.
Arthropod Diversity of Pomegranate Crop under High Density Planting in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   (Agricultural Entomology), Horticultural Research Station, Kodaikanal – 624 103, K Elango , S Sridharan ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003,
Published: May 2021

Insects associated with pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), was observed from 2015 to 2016 in four major pomegranate growing districts of Tamil Nadu viz., Coimbatore, Erode, Tiruppur and Karurat monthly intervals. A total of 31 species under two genera and sixteen families of six orders was documented. In addition, seven natural enemies in association with pomegranate pests were also recorded. Among the different functional groups, phytophagous groups were dominated, followed by predators and parasitoids.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN INDICATORS IN EARLY EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN BACAU COUNTY COMPARED TO THE CENTRAL REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Ciomartan Lacramioara
Published: May 2021

An important factor in promoting economic development is the educational capital that should be seen as an investment in those who will generate economic growth. The present paper aims to carry out a statistical analysis of indicators in the field of education: early education, presentation based on statistical indicators disseminated by the two main official institutions: the National Institute of Statistics of Romania and the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. In order to quantify the educational phenomenon in the two territorial units for statistics regarding the education market, a rather small number of indicators were taken into account due to lack of their dissemination on the desired administrative-territorial units.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PRACTICES OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS IN SOUTH WOLLO REGION - ETHIOPIA
Authors: Uvaneswaran S M , Zemen Tsega , Ahmed Seid Muhammed
Published: May 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)is the commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development – working with employees, their families, the local community and society at large to improve the quality of life for the business and public. In Ethiopia, companies are spending portion of profit for developing the society and corporate under different verticals. This paper highlights the demographic and company characteristics of corporate social activities performed by the organizations in the areas of Employee, Community, Environment, Customer and Suppliers. To meet these objectives, a- stratified-random sampling design was used, followed by proportionate technique. The primary data were collected from the merchandising; manufacturing and service render business organizations. To keep representativeness of the sample units, 142 business organizations were chosen based on the category A Tax payers. The data collected are analyzed by using Simple percentage and Likert scaling techniques to find out the participating companies in CSR activities. Thus the paper concludes that CSR contributions relating to community are more compare to other activities like environmental protection, customer and supplier support, employee motivation and social development.
BUSINESS SECTOR, LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND ACCESS TO CREDIT: WHAT INFLUENCES ON VULNERABILITY TO RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE?
Authors: Ouoya Melaine Zrakpa
Published: May 2021

Many studies have revealed the importance of taking the ex post and former poor into account in designing sustainable poverty reduction policies. With data from the 2015 household standard of living survey (ENV2015), we use the Chaudhuri, Jalan and Suryahadi model (2002) to measure the vulnerability to poverty of rural households in Côte d’Ivoire. Our work reveals that 34% of households are vulnerable while 25% are poor. The analysis of the influence of certain factors on this vulnerability was based on a tobit model. We come to the conclusion that farm and trade households are more vulnerable than those in industry and services. Also, households with a head of at least secondary education are less vulnerable than those whose head is at most at the primary level. Finally, contrary to many studies, we find that access to credit has a bad influence on the vulnerability of rural households to poverty. The origin and use of these rural credits would explain this last relationship.
SOME RECENT DEVELOPMENTS REGARDING THE EUROPEAN UNION FISCAL POSITION
Authors: Bucur Iulia Andreea , Niminet Liviana Andreea , Silivestru Silviu Mihai
Published: May 2021

During the last decade, fiscal policies in the euro area and structural reforms in the European Union’s countries that experienced different fiscal problems were a priority for the EU decision-makers. The existence of sound and sustainable public finances in the EU and, in particular, in the euro area is based, on the one hand, on macroeconomic stability, and on the other hand, on balanced and sustainable economic growth. This paper focuses on capturing the recent developments in public finances, more precisely some indicators essential for assessing the health of the EU economy and of its Member States. The results of our research show an improvement of them, as a whole, as an effect of structural reforms, investments and also of responsible fiscal-budgetary policies.
BUILDING A DISCIPLINE. THE SETUP OF COMMUNICATION AS AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE IN ROMANIA
Authors: Buzoianu Corina , Bira Monica , Duduciuc Alina
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to shed a light on the importance of looking on the epistemological and methodological grounds of communication as a discipline in Romania in order to be able to discuss about the professionalization of the domain. We start from the widely acknowledged idea that communication is a new and emerging field, drawing its concepts, theories, and methods from diverse other fields and domains. In Romania, as well as in other former communist countries, after 1990 the changes in the political and economic situation created the premises to establish university programs in communication and to create jobs for people working in communication. All these were possible with the help of “imports” from the Western world, imports that transferred not only concepts and theories, but also the epistemological dispute and weakness of the field. This paper explores the development and the current state of communication as an academic discipline in Romania. Through an analysis of the social documents available on the University program’s website, we seek to understand the theoretical roots of the discipline of communication, as well as its current development.
SOME ELEMENTS OF SPECIFICITY OF THE MARKETING IN THE HEALTHCARE FIELD
Authors: Timiras Laura Catalina
Published: May 2021

The present paper aims to present some of the specific aspects of marketing in the healthcare field (with strict reference to the products intended for human consumption), in relation to other fields. After a presentation of the fields of marketing applicability in the healthcare, a series of specific elements are presented regarding the nature of the motivations underlying the decision to consume / use a medical product and the elements of appreciation of their value by the final consumers (patients), along with aspects regarding price, distribution and communication. In general, the specificity of the marketing activity is given by the category of products targeted - ideas, tangible goods / services intended for the consumer market, products intended for the business markets, which print certain particularities as appropriate: social marketing, marketing of consumer goods, the marketing of services or business-to-business marketing, as well as the specific needs that these products address, the role of the prescribers in manifesting this behavior or the regulations in the field that aim to protect public health.
ORGANIZATION OF THE PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCESS AT THE LEVEL OF THE CONTRACTING AUTHORITIES IN ROMANIA. PARTICULARITIES AND SOLUTIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT PROCEDURES ORGANIZED IN THE CONTEXT OF EMERGENCY OF COVID-19 CRISIS
Authors: Ceocea Costel , Ceocea Raluca Alexandra , Vatamaniuc Adrian , Mihălaș Vasile
Published: May 2021

The normative framework applicable to public institutions imposes an approach to public procurement management aimed at awarding public procurement contracts in conditions of economic and social efficiency. Achieving the objectives set at the level of the organization, in accordance with the principles underlying the award of public procurement contracts is conditioned by the adoption and implementation of specific procedures, mainly oriented towards the organization of decision-making processes. In the context of the crisis triggered by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, contracting authorities were forced to organize public procurement processes, in a matter of urgency, on a procedural background less oriented towards adopting fast and efficient decisions, with negative effects both on the available financial resources and on the process of ensuring the flow of products, services and works corresponding to the rhythm imposed by the urgent needs of public institutions involved in managing the effects of the health crisis. This paper aims at individualize the decision-making process in the field of public procurement in Romania, in order to identify models of good practice, procedures and support working tools for optimizing the public procurement process carried out at the level of contracting authorities in a matter of emergency.
ACCESS TO CREDIT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY STATUS: A CASE FROM CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Authors: Ouoya Zrakpa Melaine
Published: May 2021

Based on data from the Households Living Standard Survey (ENV2015), we analyze the impact of credit on poverty status stability (ex-post and ex-ante poverty) and then study the regional gaps between poverty and vulnerability to poverty in the rural environment in Côte d'Ivoire. We slightly modified the model of Chaudhuri et al. (2002) to estimate the vulnerability to poverty and consider the poverty index as our measure of poverty. We construct a latent variable that is equal to the square of the gap between poverty and vulnerability to poverty and then use a tobit model to estimate the influence of credit on that variable. Our results show that credit makes poverty status unstable by widening the gap between ex-post and ex-ante poverty (poverty and vulnerability to poverty). We also find that the regional distribution of poverty is different from that of vulnerability to poverty in the rural environment in Côte d'Ivoire.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN PUBLIC SPENDING ON EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF KOSOVO – ECONOMETRIC APPROACH
Authors: Ziberi Besime , Hodaj Mimoza
Published: May 2021

The main aim of this study is to analyze the trend of public spending dedicated to education in case of Kosovo over the years and to measure the impact of public spending in education on economic growth of Kosovo. In order to achieve the goal, the Pearson Correlation is used and a multifactorial regression model (OLS) has been modified and adapted, where we have determined the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as depended variable and as independent variable in the model conclude: (i) Total public expenditure on education (ii) Public expenditure on Secondary Education and (iii) Public expenditure on Higher Education (University). The data used is secondary data from the Kosovo’s State Budget, Ministry of Finance and Transfers, and Kosovo Agency of Statistics. We come in conclusion that public spending dedicated to the Higher Education (University) has a positive impact on Kosovo's economic growth meanwhile the public spending on secondary education and total public expenditure on education in the model circumstances show no significance. The paper comes with further recommendations on public spending policies dedicated to education in order to influence Kosovo's economic growth.
INTERNAL AUDIT - ACTUALITIES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Botez Daniel , Melega Anatol
Published: May 2021

Internal auditing plays an important part in the management of corporations, but it has also proved necessary in the more general framework of public interest entities, especially listed entities, given the importance of their activity in society. The different activities that internal auditors perform lead to the creation of added value in the entity in which they operate. In Romania, this activity is relatively recent and it involves certain organising and exercising particularities. The internal auditor profession has globally faced the same challenges all the other professions face in regards to the digitalization of the economy.
Survey and Molecular Study of Babesia gibsoni in Dogs of Baghdad Province, Iraq
Authors: Badawi Naseir M. , Yousif Afaf A.
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to detect Babesia gibsoni (B. gibsoni) in dogs of different ages, sex and breeds in Baghdad province by microscopic and molecular investigations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. The present study was investigated B. gibsoni in 310 blood samples of dogs for the period from December 2018 to September 2019 in Baghdad province, Iraq. The molecular study was carried out by using universal primers of Babesia spp. (PIRO-A and PIRO-B) and specific primers of B. gibsoni (BAGIF and BAGIR) products size of 410 bp and 488 bp fragments of 18S rRNA gene respectively. The clinical signs revealed higher percentage and specific clinical signs of B. gibsoni as depression, anorexia, fever, pale mucus membrane, and ticks infestation, however icterus, and dead were low in which only occurred in two dogs out of infected dogs. The PCR assay and microscopic diagnosis revealed the infection rate of B. gibsoni 9 out of 310 (2.9%) in dogs. The sequence data analyses of nine DNA products were 98-100% similar to sequences of 18S rRNA gene of B. gibsoni data available in Gene bank. According to breed, age, and sex, the results revealed a significantly high-risk factor of infection in Husky dogs; B. gibsoni detected in females which was increased non-significantly than males; while the highest occurrence of disease was in young dogs aged three years or less in addition to the above, the infection rate of B. gibsoni was high in spring season. In conclusion, this study was considered the first molecular record of B. gibsoni in Baghdad, Iraq documented no differences in diagnosis by blood smear and conventional PCR to amplify of 18S rRNA gene and partial sequencing of B. gibsoni with low-cost method and easily done.
Hematological Picture of Rabbits Immunized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Razook Basil R.F. , Al-ani Ahmed N . , Mahmood Majid M.
Published: May 2021

The current study was established to find out the role of immunization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-whole sonicated antigen in adult white fur domestic rabbits. To achieve this goal, fifteen rabbits were allocated into 3 groups, the first group was immunized with P. aeruginosa–whole sonicated antigen and challenged with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa; the second group (control negative) was treated with phosphate buffer saline and the third group was injected with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa (control positive). The results demonstrated increasing levels of the measured parameters blood picture (total WBCs, lymphocytes, and granulocytes, RBCs and hemoglobin concentrations) in the first group compared with control negative group (T test was used). In contrast, a sharp fall was noted in total thrombocytes (platelets) count in the first group compared with control negative group. It can be concluded that immunization with P. aeruginosa– whole sonicated antigen may consider as a potent reproducible effective immunogen model for experimental immunological studies in rabbits.
Chromatographic Analysis of Byproducts from a Non-Toxic Ammunition and a Marked Ammunition: An Assessment of Toxicity
Authors: Arouca Aline , Vieira Mauricio , Talhavini Márcio , Weber Ingrid
Published: May 2021

One way to access the toxicity of a fired ammunition is by analyzing the byproducts generated by shooting. This work has analyzed compounds produced by firing non-toxic ammunition (NTA) by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition to standard NTA, NTA containing luminescent markers were also analyzed. Luminescent markers have been shown to be an excellent tool in the identification of Gunshot Residues (GSR) produced from NTA. As these markers are designed to tag NTA, they must not produce toxic byproducts. In this work, we focused on identification of volatile products that can be inhaled by shooter when firing and can represents risk to their heath by acute and chronic exposition. For the NTA ammunition several toxic compounds, such as benzonitrile and naphthalene were found. They were related to de degradation of explosives, sensitizers, stabilizers, and other materials added to the gunpowder, indicating possible toxicity by shooters’ long exposure. Moreover, as some of the compounds found are classified as GSR indicators, the used methodology could be adapted for GSR identification. Besides the compounds identified in NTA samples, in marked samples, pyridine and benzene were identified. Pyridine was provided by dipicolinic acid and benzene was provided by trimesic or terephthalic acid, all used as binder in the structures of the markers. However, it can be concluded that the possible toxicity of the NTA is mainly not altered by the presence of the markers because of the small amount of marker added to ammunition and because only a small part of the marker is degraded, requiring an unreal number of shots to produce some acute effect.
DYNAMICS AND CAUSALITY AMONG ECONOMIC GROWTH, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND BUDGETARY ALLOCATION TO THE TOURISM SECTOR OF BANGLADESH
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Post-Doctoral Scholar, Malaysia, BHUIYAN Mohammad Badruzzaman , ISLAM Md. Aminul ,   Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Malaysia, HAQUE Md. Ziaul ,   Noakhali Science and Technology University, Department of Management Information Systems, Bangladesh, HASSAN Md. Kamrul ,   University of Dhaka, Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Bangladesh
Published: May 2021

Tourism contributes to economic growth and financial development in many countries around the world. The aim of the study is to examine the cause and effect relationship between economic growth, financial development and budgetary allocation to the Bangladesh tourism industry during 2000-2019. Several methods such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP), Johansen-Juselius Cointegration, and Granger Causality tests have been applied to measure the associations between the variables. The results show that there is a cause and effect relationship between the budgetary allocations and economic growth and budgetary allocation also causes of financial development.
PALEOMAGNETISM OF THE MIDDLE JURASSIC SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF THE ELGON FORMATION OF THE ULBAN TERRANE
Authors:   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Peskov A.Yu. , Kudymov A.V. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zyabrev S.V. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Karetnikov A.S. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhipov M.V. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhomirova A.I. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Didenko A.N. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2021

The paper presents new findings of paleomagnetic studies on Middle Jurassic sedimentary rocks of the Elgon Formation of the Ulban Terrane from coastal outcrops along the Ulban Bay (53.5°N, 137.7°E). Demagnetization yielded a pre-folding characteristic component of magnetization. No inclination shallowing effect for the characteristic magnetization vector was revealed in sandstone specimens of the Elgon Formation. The coordinates of the paleomagnetic pole and the paleolatitude at which the studied rocks deposited were calculated: Plat = -34.3 (34.3)°; Plong = 161.2 (341.2)°; dm = 2.7 dp = 5.3, paleolatitude = 0.1° (+2.7°/-2.6°) S. The acquired paleomagnetic data show evidence for the deposition of rocks of the Ulban Terrane in the Middle Jurassic at the boundary between the Asian paleocontinent and the Paleo-Pacific which later formed part of the Sikhote-Alin Orogenic Belt.
SILICATE, IRON OXIDE AND COPPER-GOLD-SILVER MICROSPHERULES IN ORES AND PYROCLASTICS OF THE KOSTENGINSKOYE IRON ORE DEPOSIT (RUSSIAN FAR EAST)
Authors:   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Berdnikov N.V. , Nevstruev V.G. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kepezhinskas P.K. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krutikova V.O. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Konovalova N.S. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Astapov I.A. ,   Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2021

Iron-oxide ores and pyroclastics from the Kostenginskoye deposit in the Malyi Khingan (Russian Far East) contain numerous silicate, iron-oxide, and copper-gold-silver microspherules. Silicate spherules are composed of immiscible iron- and silica-rich glasses, gas cavities and mineral inclusions. Iron-oxide spherules include magnetite with minor ilmenite and Fe-rich silicate glass. Copper-gold-silver spherules contain inclusions predominantly of copper oxide compositions. The studied microspherules are considered to have formed during the rapid ascent of metal-silicate melts from depth and their degassing controlled by liquid immiscibility differentiation. The paper discusses the possible volcanic origin of iron-oxide ores and the associated noble metal mineralization for the deposits of this type.
STRATIGRAPHY OF BLANKET PEATLAND AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTS OF THE BOLSHOY CHANTAR ISLAND IN THE LATE GLACIAL-HOLOCENE
Authors:   Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Razjigaeva N.G. , Grebennikova T.A. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ganzey L.A. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Chakov V.V. ,   Institute of the Water and Ecology Problems Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Klimin M.A. ,   Institute of the Water and Ecology Problems Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Mokhova L.M. ,   Pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zakharchenko E.N. ,   Institute of the Water and Ecology Problems Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2021

Continued record of paleogeographic events in the Shantar islands since the end of the Pleistocene was restored on the basis of a multy-proxy study of the stratigraphy of the blanket peatland. Biostratigraphical studies included botanical, diatom and pollen analyses. The age-depth model was built using 7 radiocarbon dates. For the first time, data of the environment development were obtained for the coldest part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Synchronicity and metachronicity of paleoclimatic events with regional data and global changes have been established. The Younger Dryas on the Shantar islands was much colder than in other areas around the Sea of Okhotsk. The climate became more maritime after the isolation of the islands at the early-middle Holocene. The influence of the cold sea and the presence of drifting ice were one of the main factors, why the early and middle Holocene optimums were poorly manifested here, and also determined the specifics of climatic rhythm. Models explaining alternation of relatively warm and cold periods with different humidity are proposed. The age of periods with heavy snowfalls has been established, as evidenced by the change in the role of shrub pine in island vegetation. Phases of development of local swamp and zonal landscapes are highlighted. Spruce appeared on the area ~11410–10345 cal. yr. BP, when there was a landbridge, and spruce trees became common in the middle Holocene and especially at the boundary of the middle-late Holocene. One of the controlling factors for the development of swamp landscapes was thermokarst processes. Significant changes in the environment occurred in the Little Ice Age, the most severe conditions were ~500–260 cal. yr. BP. In the last 210 years, the most significant changes in landscapes have been associated with anthropogenic fires.