bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Auto-Radiation Damages in Zircons of the Yastrubtsi Ore Occurrence of the Ukrainian Shield According to the Data of NMR and XRD
Authors: GRECHANOVSKY A.E. , KALINICHENKO A.M. , GRECHANOVSKAYA E.E. , BRIK A.B.
Published: March 2021

By the method of XRD and high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), the features of the structure of partially metamict zircons from Yastrubtsi ore occurrence of the Ukrainian Shield were studied. Samples 1 and 2 (depths 627 and 1069 m) belong to middle metamict zircons, and sample 3 (depth 1302.5 m) — to weak metamict zircons. The purpose of this work was to elucidate the features of the structure of partially metamictic zircons from Yastrubtsi ore occurrence of the Ukrainian Shield and the features of their recrystallization. The XRD method showed the presence of diffuse diffraction bands, which indicates the presence of an amorphous phase. For sample 3, these bands are less pronounced. After heating at T = 1100°C, these bands significantly decrease. Based on the XRD data, the degree of crystallinity and unit cell parameters of the samples were calculated. To obtain information on the local structure of the samples, spectra were obtained for the initial and annealed samples. It was shown by MAS NMR that there are regions in the initial structure in which [SiO4] tetrahedra are interconnected. These regions are designated Qn (n is the number of bridging oxygen atoms per Si atom). It has been established that the silica phase is practically absent in the zircon samples. In such samples, mainly Q1-2 and Q3 polymerization of silicon atoms occurs (for sample 3, only Q1-2 polymerization is characteristic). The MAS NMR results are in good agreement with the XRD data.
Sociodemographic Factors and Outcomes by Intent of Firearm Injury
Authors: Patel Shilpa J. , Badolato Gia M. , Parikh Kavita , Iqbal Sabah F. , Goyal Monika K.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Firearm injuries are a leading and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among youth. We sought to explore differences in sociodemographic factors and youth firearm injury outcomes by injury intent (unintentional, assault, and self-harm).

METHODS:

We conducted a repeated cross-sectional analysis of emergency department (ED) visits among youth aged 21 and younger presenting to an ED with a firearm injury between 2009 and 2016 using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. We performed multivariable logistic regression to measure the strength of association between (1) patient-level factors, (2) visit-level characteristics, and (3) clinical outcomes and intent of firearm injury.

RESULTS:

We identified 178 299 weighted visits for firearm injuries. The mean age was 17.9 (95% confidence interval 17.8–18.0) years; 89.0% of patients were male, 43.0% were publicly insured, 28.8% were admitted, and 6.0% died. Approximately one-third of the injuries were categorized as unintentional (39.4%), another third as assault (37.7%), and a small proportion as self-harm (1.7%). Unintentional firearm injuries were associated with younger age, rural hospital location, Southern region, ED discharge, and extremity injury. Self-harm firearm injuries were associated with older age, higher socioeconomic status, rural hospital location, transfer or death, and brain, back, or spinal cord injury. Firearm injuries by assault were associated with lower socioeconomic status, urban hospital location, and requiring admission.

CONCLUSIONS:

We identified distinct risk profiles for youth with unintentional, self-harm-, and assault-related firearm injuries. Sociodemographic factors related to intent may be useful in guiding policy and informing tailored interventions for the prevention of firearm injuries in at-risk youth.
Resenha de Gameful Second and Foreign Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Da Silva Ramos Dener
Published: March 2021

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Regional Accessibility as a Factor in the Development of a Tourist Destination
Authors: Moroshkina Marina V. , Kondrateva Svetlana V.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The tourist vector of development is regarded as one of the promising and even priority areas of socio-economic development of the regions of the North-West of Russia. Accessibility of regions with a unique tourist and recreational potential and established tourism infrastructure is becoming increasingly important in the circumstances of increasing competition for tourists. The study aims to evaluate the potential of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation for the development of tourism on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of their geographical, transport, and infrastructural accessibility. Materials and Methods. As part of the study, median indicators were calculated based on statistical data from Federal State Statistics Service, the official websites of the Federal Agency for Tourism of the Russian Federation and the Russian Railways company, as well as from the website Tutu.ru. The method of economic analysis was employed to assess the accessibility of territories for tourist flows taking into account transport accessibility, time spent on travel, and fare. Results. Based on the results of the performed analysis, 4 typological groups (central, semi-central, semi-peripheral and peripheral) of the constituent regions of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian federation were singled out in terms of regional accessibility for the development of a tourist destination. The territories accessible to tourists include the regions of central location, which are of interest to visit and have high transport accessibility. The compiled grouping reflects the potential of the territory to accept tourists, assessed by such factors as cost, accessibility, and remoteness. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of this work may be used by regional government bodies when making managerial decisions pertaining to tourism development. The material of the article has scientific and practical significance for scientists studying the issues of regional tourism development, as well as for those engaged in the tourism business.
Gender Inequality in the Economy of Modern Russia: A Quantitative Analysis of the Problem
Authors: Lipatova Lyudmila N.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Legislative consolidation of a right is not always implemented in practice. This can be fully attributed to the situation in the sphere of equality of people of different sexes in the economy, including the sphere of public administration. The purpose of the article is to assess the status of women in the economy of modern Russia, based on the study of official statistics, as well as the possibility of women’s participation in solving key problems of the development of society through representation in public authorities at different levels of government.

Materials and Methods. The author analyzed data from Russian Federal State Statistics Service, publications of scientists involved in the study of the issue concerned, as well as materials from authoritative international organizations. The systemic approach, analysis and synthesis, the monographic method, content analysis, as well as the employed methods of economic and statistical analysis made it possible to identify the main trends in the changing status of women in the Russian labor market and public authorities at different levels of government.

Results. The status of women in the Russian labor market and public authorities at the federal, regional and municipal levels has been characterized. Violation of the rights of women has been established in terms of remuneration when filling the same positions as men with equal amount of working time. It has been revealed that the representation of women in the highest bodies of state power lags behind the benchmark level of 30 %, proclaimed by the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing and supported by the Russian Federation.

Discussion and Conclusion. A conclusion has been drawn that women are underrepresented in senior government positions in the Russian Federation. In the Russian labor market, violation of women's rights is manifested in lower wages, despite higher overall level of education of women. The results may prove useful when conducting research in the field of gender equality, as well as when developing and implementing measures aimed at improving the status of women in the country's economy and ensuring their right to participate in making decisions important for the society.
On the profitability of Polish large agricultural holdings
Authors: Góral Justyna , Soliwoda Michał
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of selected determinants on various categories of profitability in the Polish agriculture. To answer this question, we employed a unique panel of 78 entities. We found that subsidies had a negative effect on profitability of large farms. Moreover, they did not detect a significant impact of variables related to farm operator. Financial surplus to liabilities had a positive impact on both ROS and ROA. Moreover, the significance of using the risk management tools and shaping the ratio of rented land to total land are underlined as important managerial implications. Diagnostics of the model indicated the advantage of the models with fixed effects (FE) over the models with random effects (RE).
Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G.L.Nesom (Asteraceae): a new distribution record of an alien plant species in Kashmir Himalaya, India
Authors: Gulzar Ruquia , Khuroo Anzar A. , Rather Zubair A. , Ahmad Rameez , Rashid Irfan
Published: March 2021

Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G.L.Nesom (Asteraceae) is reported as a new alien plant record for Kashmir Himalaya. The taxonomic identification of species is confirmed on the basis of shape of involucre, floral and seed characters. Detailed description, distribution map, and comments on distribution and ecology are also provided along with photographic illustration to facilitate easy identification of this species.
Gender, Language and Ideology: A Genealogy of Japanese Women’s Language Momoko Nakamura (2014)
Authors: Dahlberg-Dodd Hannah E
Published: March 2021

Gender, Language and Ideology: A Genealogy of Japanese Women’s Language Momoko Nakamura (2014) Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 253 pp.
As publicystyki polskiej przełomu XIX i XX w. Aleksander Świętochowski i jego związki z prasą
Authors: Cichocka Marta
Published: March 2021

From the age of 23 until his death at the age of 89, thus for more than half a century, Aleksander Świętochowski was associated with the Polish press. He was an author of texts, editor and publisher, owner of three magazines: „Prawda” („The Truth”), „Kultura Polska” („Polish Culture”), and „Humanista Polski” („The Polish Humanist”). Despite numerous additional activities in the public sphere - literary, social and educational, political - biographers unanimously believe that, above all, he was a journalist and in this role he had no equal. The aim of the article is to show life of „ The Apostle of Truth” through the prism of his relations with the press. The main theme has been set in the broader context of the political realities of the time. Due to the wide time span, the professional career dynamics of the protagonist and the evolution of his image were taken into account. Świętochowski’s approach to work, as well as his view on the surrounding reality, has been analyzed and an attempt has been made to assess the motives behind his decisions related to his profession.
Charakterystyka nauczycieli gorzowskich w świetle ankiet personalnych z roku 1950
Authors: Gołdyn Piotr
Published: March 2021

Different sources are used in biographical studies of various social groups. Similarly, for teachers you can also use a variety of materials. As far as teachers are concerned, these will be personal files, reports of pedagogical councils, as well as various questionnaires filled out for the needs of the authorities conducting or supervising. In the last case, there are, for example, questionnaries drawn up by the School Inspectorate in Gorzów, which teachers working in this city and the region were obliged to complete in 1950. Based on their analysis, you can create a certain picture of this professional group on many levels. These include, for example, age, origin and education. These questionnaires also include information on the employment of teachers, either before 1939 or during the Second World War, as well as after its completion. Additional information is forms of social involvement, and belonging to various social, professional or political parties. Questionnaries also include data on prizes and rewards. All this gives the opportunity to elaborate a certain picture of this social group. Of course, this material is the introduction to wider research on this professional group, not only in Gorzów, but also wider - regional or nationwide.
Lungs volume status and oxygen transport in patients with coronary artery disease with various types of comorbidity before and after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Geltser B. I. , Sergeev E. A. , Kotelnikov V. N. , Fogelevich K. A. , Silaev A. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. Assessment of lung volume status and oxygen transport system in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with different clinical types of comorbidity before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material and methods. The observational controlled study included 66 patients with CAD with a median age of 67 years (95% confidence interval [59; 74]), admitted to the Far Eastern Federal University Hospital for elective CABG. Depending on the prevalence of clinical manifestations of comorbidities, CAD patients were ranked into 3 groups of comorbidity: cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic. The first of them was represented by a combination of CAD and peripheral artery disease, the second — CAD and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),

the third — CAD and metabolic syndrome. All patients underwent isolated CABG under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Volume and hemodynamic monitoring was carried out by transpulmonary thermodilution using the Pulsion PiCCO Plus (Germany) technology and the following indices: cardiac function index (CFI), extravascular lung water (EVLW), pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI). Pulmonary blood volume and oxygen transport indices were determined: oxygen delivery (DO2I) and consumption (VO2I) indices, oxygen-utilization coefficient, and pulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt). The study was carried out in three stages: before the onset of CABG, after its completion and one day after CABG.

Results. The analysis of volume and hemodynamic monitoring data demonstrated the heterogeneity of their changes during CABG and one day after with different comorbidity profile. A more noticeable inhibition of the circulatory component of oxygen transport was revealed in patients with COPD, which was illustrated by the lowest CFI (3,2-3,4 ml/min) in relation to other groups of patients. The imbalance of cardio-respiratory interactions in this cohort after withdrawal from cardiopulmonary bypass was manifested by lower DO2I and VO2I and a maximum increase in Qs/Qt, exceeding 1,6 times the comparison groups. The respiratory and metabolic comorbidity of CAD was characterized by a significantly larger volume of extravascular lung water due to the higher permeability of the pulmonary vessels, which was documented by EVLW values, which exceeded the upper reference limit by 1,8-2 times and an increase in PVPI. In patients with cardiovascular comorbidity, lung volume violation was less noticeable.

Conclusion. A comprehensive analysis of lung volume status and oxygen transport makes it possible to more accurately assess the functional status of patients with CAD, to increase the effectiveness of risk stratification and to prevent possible complications during CABG and in the early postoperative period.
Is the problem of intact coronary arteries still or is it close to solving?
Authors: Sumin A. N.
Published: March 2021

The dominant paradigm in the diagnosis of patients with stable coronary artery disease was the identification of patients with obstructive lesions of the coronary arteries, and then - ensuring the possibility of myocardial revascularization. The diagnostic algorithms used until recently led to the fact that in invasive coronary angiography obstructive changes in the coronary arteries were detected in less than half of the cases. In the 2019 European Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Chronic Coronary Syndrome, this algorithm was significantly revised, but the results of its implementation have not yet been published. Currently, several pathophysiological variants of angina pectoris have been proposed, which can be identified by an interventional diagnostic procedure for invasive coronary angiography. Recent studies have shown that up to 90% of patients without obstructive lesions of the epicardial coronary arteries have microvascular or vasospastic angina. This review focuses on these topical aspects of the problem of intact coronary arteries.
Is there a place for a multidisciplinary “Heart Team” approach to the selection of myocardial revascularization method in patients with acute coronary syndromes?
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Ganyukov V. I. , Tarasov R. S. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: March 2021

Current review article, based on foreign and Russian studies, guidelines of the European and North American cardiological and surgical communities, summarizes the expert positions on the place of multidisciplinary “Heart Team” approach in the selection of management strategy for patients with various types of coronary artery disease. The positions of modern clinical guidelines regarding percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in acute coronary syndrome are given. Prospective positions for optimizing the decisionmaking process by a multidisciplinary team when considering difficult patients are presented.
Myocardial morphological changes and pulmonary vein catheter ablation efficacy in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kalemberg E. N. , Davtyan K. V. , Blagova O. V. , Kogan E. A. , Topchyan A. G. , Kharlap M. S. , Brutyan A. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the association between morphological changes and comorbidities and atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation efficacy, and to evaluate morphological predictors of AF recurrence in patients with durable pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) after catheter intervention.

Material and methods. Fifty-four patients with paroxysmal/persistent AF without severe structural heart disease were enrolled in this study who underwent primary pulmonary vein cryoballoon ablation (CBA) with simultaneous implantation of an electrocardiogram loop recorder (Medtronic Reveal XT) and interatrial/interventricular septum biopsy. The follow-up duration was 12 months with scheduled 3, 6 and 12 month visits. Patients with recurrent AF were referred for redo procedure, where the PVI durability was assessed. The follow-up duration after the second procedure was also 12 months. The patients were divided into two groups: patients without recurrent AF and patients with recurrent AF after two catheter interventions.

Results. In interventricular septum biopsy samples we found the morphological criteria of myocarditis in 70% of the patients (n=34). Individual morphological changes were detected in all patients. The most common types were cardiomyocyte hypertrophy — 98,1% (n= 52), overcrossing of cardiomyocytes — 77,4% (n=41) and lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the interstitium by more than 14 cells — 75,5% (n=40). Patients with persistent AF were significantly more likely to have endothelial cell swelling (55% vs 45%, p=0,022). Interstitial tissue edema was the only morphological parameter significantly associated with AF recurrence (p=0,03).

Conclusion. In patients with AF and no structural heart disease who underwent drug-resistant AF cryoballoon ablation, morphological changes in the myocardium of the atria and ventricles are detected in 100% of cases. The predominant biopsy diagnosis is myocarditis. Morphological signs of the inflammatory process activity, as interstitial tissue edema are associated with the high incidence of non-venous AF. Further preoperative evaluation is needed to identify patients with non-venous atrial fibrillation, which will increase the effectiveness of interventional approach.
Predictive value of growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Sabirzyanova A. A. , Galyavich A. S. , Baleeva L. V. , Galeeva Z. M.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic value of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Material and methods. The study included 118 patients under the age of 70 with STand non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, who, in addition to routine examination, were tested for GDF-15 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the first 48 hours from the onset. The statistical significance of the differences in quantitative indicators was assessed by the Student’s t-test for a normal distribution and by the nonparametric U Mann-Whitney test for a non-normal distribution, while in qualitative indicators — by Pearson’s chisquared test. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used as an indicator of strength of relationship between quantitative indicators.

Results. The average GDF-15 level in patients with MI was 2,25±1,0 ng/ml. For 6 months of follow-up, 15,25% of patients were rehospitalized for unstable angina or recurrent myocardial infarction. The GDF-15 level in 82,6% of cases was in the third and fourth quartiles (≥2,07 ng/ml). All patients with recurrent MI had GDF-15 levels in the upper quartile (≥2б73 ng/ml). Patients with GDF-15 levels in the upper quartile had a significantly higher risk of rehospitalization (hazard ratio, 3,3 (95% CI, 1,65-6,76), p<0,05) compared with patients with GDF-15 levels in other quartiles. The potential for the combined use of GDF-15 and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels to assess the risk of readmission has been evaluated. Patients who had both GDF-15 and NT-proBNP levels in the upper quartiles (GDF-15>2,73 ng/ml, NT-proBNP>1418 pg/ml) had 4,8 times higher risk of rehospitalizations for unstable angina or recurrent myocardial infarction.

Conclusion. In patients with MI, the determination of the GDF-15 level has prognostic value and may serve as an additional marker of the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
Pathogenesis and clinical significance of atrial fibrillation in myocardial infarction
Authors: Zykov M. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: March 2021

Currently, there is no information in novel clinical guidelines on the importance of active detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) in myocardial infarction (MI), as well as on the management of such patients. The aim of this review was to present actual information about possible risk factors, features of pathogenesis, as well as the prognostic significance of AF in MI. Analysis of the literature has shown that many researchers divide AF into new-onset AF (developed after MI) and chronic AF (existing in history before MI). New-onset AF is common complication in MI according to different studies (from 3 to 28% among all patients with MI), which is associated with death and cardioembolic events. Moreover, in every third patient with MI, AF is asymptomatic, which makes it extremely urgent to develop special algorithms aimed at its active search.
Psychological continuum of elderly hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome receiving chronotherapy with a fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin
Authors: Agarkov N. M. , Okhotnikov O. I. , Korneeva S. I. , Moskaleva E. O. , Moskalev A. A. , Kolomiec V. I. , Markelova A. M. , Markelova E. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the psychological continuum of elderly hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) receiving chronotherapy with a fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin.

Material and  methods. In a  clinical setting, 63 hypertensive  patients with MS aged 60-74 years (experimental group) received chronotherapy with fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin (Ekvamer®) at a dose of 5/10/10 mg in the evening (8 pm). The control group of hypertensive patients with MS aged 60-74 years old (n=58) received Ekvamer® in the morning (conventional therapy) at the same dosage.

Results. With fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin, the severity of psychological continuum abnormalities significantly decreases after 1 year in the chronotherapy regimen (evening intake) than with morning intake with an equivalent dosage of 5/10/10 mg per day in both cases. The dynamics of cognitive impairments in hypertensive patients aged 60-74 years with MS using chronotherapy regimen is characterized by a significant increase  in  the  mean MMSE score from the initial 17,8±0,3 to 23,5±0,4 points (p±0,001) vs 16,9±0,3 to 20,4±0,4 points (p<0,001) when taking the drug in the morning. Situational anxiety decreased from 40,0±2,2 to 30,6±1,8 points (p<0,05) vs 40,8±2,5 to 33,5±1,9 points (p<0,05), personal anxiety from 48,8±2,0 to 26,4±1,9 (p<0,001) vs from 44,9±1,9 to 30,7±1,7 (p<0,01) points, respectively. Depressive disorders slightly decreased with chronotherapy (14,1%) vs 7,7% than with the conventional scheme, but despite this, they corresponded to depressive spectrum disorders in both groups.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate a greater efficiency of chronotherapy than the conventional use of fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin in hypertensive patients with MS.
Comparison of cardiovascular and psychological profile of young military men after COVID-19 with and without pneumonia
Authors: Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Krinochkin D. V. , Krinochkina I. R. , Shirokov N. E. , Gultyaeva E. P. , Korovina I. O. , Garanina V. D. , Gorbatenko E. A. , Mamarina A. V. , Osokina N. А. , Guskova O. A. , Musikhina N. A. , Petelina T. I.
Published: March 2021

Aim.To compare the cardiovascular and psychological profile of young military population after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with/without pneumonia.

Material and methods.We examined 26 military men under 30 years of age (22,3±3,7 years/21,0 [19,8; 24,3] years) with documented COVID 19 (3 months±2 weeks after two virus-negative polymerase chain reaction tests). The participants were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (n=16) — those with COVID-19 pneumonia; comparison group (n=10) — those without pneumonia. All subjects underwent a complex of clinical and diagnostic tests.

Results.Military men with COVID-19 pneumonia were significantly older (23,0 [20,5; 28,5] years vs 19,5 [19,0; 20,0] years, p=0,001). They had a prolonged PQ interval (154,5 [140,0; 163,5] ms vs 137,0 [134,0; 144,0] ms; p=0,014). According to echocardiography, the following parameters were significantly larger in experimental group: anteroposterior right ventricular dimension (26,0 [24,5; 27,5] mm vs 23,5 [22,0; 25,0] mm, p=0,012), right atrium length (48,0 [46,0; 51,5] mm and 45,5 [44,0; 47,0] mm, p=0,047), tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient (18,0 [15,5; 22,0] mm vs 14,0 [12,0; 20,0] mm, p=0,047), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) (30,3 [27,6; 34,0] mm Hg vs 23,0 [20,5; 30,5] mm Hg, p=0,038), mean pulmonary artery pressure (20,3 [18,9; 22,7] mm Hg vs 16,8 [14,5; 20,6] mm Hg, p=0,038). The estimated pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly higher in the study group (1,50 [1,2; 1,8] Wood units vs 1,17 [1,1; 1,2] Wood units, p<0,001). The groups did not differ significantly in terms of symptoms of stress (perceived stress scale score of 10) and anxiety and depression disorders (GAD7 and PHQ9 questionnaires), quality of life (SF-36 survey).

Conclusion.In young military personnel, COVID-19 pneumonia in the long term after the disease is associated with longer PQ interval, older age and larger right heart sizes on echocardiography, as well as with a higher tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient, PASP, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance. In this category of population, no association was found between the severity of COVID-19 and psychological status parameters.
Nuclear imaging of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Ansheles A. A. , Sergienko I. V. , Prus Yu. A. , Sergienko V. B.
Published: March 2021

The high efficiency of modern chemotherapy has made it possible to achieve great success in the treatment of cancer. Cardiovascular adverse effects are a major disadvantage of anticancer therapy, often requiring low and less effective doses or even drug withdrawal. Nuclear imaging techniques are the most sensitive in early detection of left ventricular damage and dysfunction during chemotherapy. This review presents modern data on the potential of nuclear imaging of cardiotoxicity.
Relationship between depression and coronary artery disease in an open female and male population of a middle-urbanized city of Western Siberia
Authors: Akimova E. V. , Gafarov V. V. , Gakova E. I. , Akimov A. M. , Kayumova M. M.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To assess the associations between depression and coronary artery disease (CAD) in an open female and male population of a middle-urbanized city of Western Siberia.

Material and methods. Two cross-sectional epidemiological studies were carried out on an open population of a middle-urbanized Siberian city among men and women aged 25-64 years old. The prevalenceof CAD was assessed based on standard epidemiological methods. To determine the severity of depression, the algorithms of the WHO program MONICA-Psychosocial were used. The severity of depression was assessed as low, moderate, and high. On the basis of the algorithm, the levels of depression were established: low and moderate levels — no sign, high level — presence of a sign.

Results. In an open population of 25-64 years old, a moderately urbanized Siberian city, the prevalence of CAD according to extended and lax epidemiological criteria prevailed in men, while strict epidemiological criteria did not reveal significant differences in the male and female subpopulations. In the female subpopulation, a tendency towards an increase in the prevalence of a high level of depression was revealed due to its predominance in young age groups.

It has been shown that the depression increases the probability of detecting CAD in accordance with the expanded epidemiological criteria in men and women by 21,07 and 16,04 times, respectively.

Conclusion. When using epidemiological criteria for CAD in the presence of depression, the probability of detecting CAD is higher, both in men and women. At the same time, the highest odds ratios are characteristic for a certain type of CAD, the least — CAD by probable signs.
High-sensitivity cardiac troponins: detection and central analytical characteristics
Authors: Chaulin A. M. , Abashina O. E. , Duplyakov D. V.
Published: March 2021

Recently, there have been some important changes in the laboratory diagnosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome, due to the introduction into routine practice of new high- and ultra-sensitive techniques for detection of myocardial damage biomarkers — cardiac troponins. Each method for cardiac troponins’ detection, among the existing wide variety of troponin immunoassays, has different analytical characteristics and allows the detection of different concentrations of troponins in the same patient. With an increasing number of companies developing high-sensitivity troponin immunoassays receiving regulatory approval, there is an urgent need for independent analytical and clinical evaluation of each method. This article discusses high- and ultrasensitive techniques for detection of cardiac troponins. The modern data on biochemical and metabolic characteristics of troponins, obtained using high- and ultra-sensitive techniques, are described: sex, age, circadian features and potential for detecting troponins in other biological fluids. Considerable attention is paid to the analytical characteristics of troponin immunoassays: limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, coefficient of variation, as well as the 99th percentile and factors influencing it.
Role of inflammation, autotaxin and lipoprotein (a) in degenerative aortic valve stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Burdeynaya A. L. , Afanasyeva O. I. , Klesareva E. A. , Tmoyan N. A. , Razova O. A. , Afanasyeva M. I. , Ezhov M. V. , Pokrovsky S. N.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the relationship between the concentration of lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)) and autotaxin (ATX) in patients with and without degenerative aortic valve stenosis (AoS) in the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. The study included 461 patients (mean age, 66±11 years, men, 323), 354 of whom had CAD with stenosis ≥50% in at least one coronary artery according to angiography. Degenerative AoS was diagnosed with ultrasound. The control group consisted of 107 patients without CAD and degenerative AoS. Concentrations of Lp (a), ATX, lipids and blood cells were measured for all patients.

Results. CAD without degenerative AoS (group 1) was diagnosed in 307 patients, while 47 patients had CAD and degenerative AoS (group 2). Patients in both groups were older than patients in the control group (66±10, 74±8, and 61±13 years, respectively). The ATX level was lower in group 1 (median [25; 75%]: 495 [406; 583] ng/ml) than in the control group (545 [412; 654] ng/ml) or group 2 (545 [476; 605] ng/ml) (p<0,05 for all). Lp (a) was lower in the control group (14,5 [5,5; 36,0] mg/dl) than in group 1 (24,9 [9,7; 58,4] mg/dl) (p<0,005) and group 2 (23,8 [9,9; 75,7] mg/dL) (p<0,05). According to the logistic regression, an increased ATX level, regardless of age and other risk factors, was associated with degenerative AoS only in patients with CAD, while age and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were associated with the development of degenerative AoS both in patients with CAD and the general group.

Conclusion. An elevated Lp (a) level is associated with CAD regardless of the aortic valve involvement, while an increased concentration of ATX and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with CAD were associated with degenerative AoS regardless of age and other risk factors.
Relationship between plasma aldosterone and left ventricular structure and function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Shevelok A. N.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the relationship between plasma aldosterone level and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Material and methods. This prospective study included 158 patients (58 men and 100 women, mean age, 62,3±7,4 years) with compensated HFpEF. Patients had no history of primary aldosteronism and did not use the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists during the last 6 weeks. The plasma aldosterone was determined by enzyme immunoassay in all patients and the severity of structural and functional cardiac changes was assessed. The concentration of 40160 pg/ml was considered the reference values. Assessment of cardiac structure and function was carried out using transthoracic echocardiography.

Results. According to the laboratory results, all patients were divided into two groups: group 1 — 99 (62,7%) patients (95% confidence interval (CI), 55,0-70,0%) with normal aldosterone levels; group 2 — 59 (37,3%) patients (95% Cl, 30,0-45,0%) with hyperaldosteronism. End-diastolic volume, left atrial volume, LV mass index, severity of LV diastolic dysfunction and the prevalence of concentric hypertrophy were significantly higher in group 2 patients compared with group 1 (p<0,05 for all). Blood aldosterone levels positively correlated with E/e’ (r=0,63, p<0,001). Regression analysis, adjusted for age and comorbidity, demonstrated that plasma aldosterone levels were closely associated with E/e’ (odds ratio, 3,42; 95% CI, 1,65-9,64, p=0,001) and LV concentric hypertrophy (odds ratio, 1,12; 95% CI, 1,08-3,16, p=0,042).

Conclusion. The development of secondary hyperaldosteronism in patients with HFpEF is an independent predictor of LV diastolic dysfunction and unfavorable prognostic types of LV remodeling.
Prognostic significance of atherosclerosis of one or two vascular systems in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk
Authors: Genkel V. V. , Kuznetsova A. S. , Lebedev E. V. , Shaposhnik I. I.
Published: March 2021

Aim.To study the prognostic significance of atherosclerosis of one and several vascular systems in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVR).

Material and methods. The study included 171 patients with high (26,9%) and very high (73,1%) CVR. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound of the carotid and lower limb arteries. The composite endpoint (CE) was cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and coronary revascularization.

Results.The follow-up period lasted 31,1 (17,8; 47,9) months. CE events occurred in 29 (16,9%) patients: cardiovascular death — 3 (1,75%) patients; nonfatal myocardial infarction — 7 (4,09%) patients; nonfatal stroke — 6 (3,51%) patients; coronary revascularization — 13 (7,60%) patients. Cumulative survival of patients with high and very high CVR with atherosclerotic plaques in the same vascular system did not significantly differ from that in patients with intact peripheral arteries (p=0,977). The event-free survival of patients with combined lesions of the carotid and lower limb arteries was significantly lower in comparison with patients with one vascular system involvement (p=0,011). The combined lesion of the carotid and lower limb arteries was associated with an increase in the relative risk (RR) of adverse cardiovascular events (RR, 3,15 (95% CI, 1,02-9,74; p=0,046), adjusted for sex, age, and peripheral arterial disease symptoms.

Conclusion.In patients with high and very high CVR, atherosclerotic lesion of two vascular systems of peripheral arteries is associated with an increase in the RR of adverse cardiovascular events, adjusted for sex, age, and peripheral arterial disease symptoms. The presence of atherosclerotic plaques in one vascular bed was not associated with an increase in the risk of CE events.
Sexual orientation and wage differentials using anthropometric and health measures
Authors: Suliano Daniel , Jesus Filho Jaime de , Irffi Guilherme
Published: March 2021

Abstract This paper analyzes salary differentials based on sexual orientation. Hitherto, the incipient studies addressing the theme in Brazil used the 2010 demographic census conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). However, the implementation of the Integrated Household Survey System (SIPD) in IBGE’s sample surveys started to include the distinction between same-sex and different-sex spouses for the person responsible for the domicile in its questionnaire. In this context, this research seeks to advance the scant literature on the subject using the unprecedented 2013 National Health Survey (PNS), which like the 2010 census presents a nationwide comprehensive set of socioeconomic characteristics. Also, the PNS contains information on the health of the Brazilian population and anthropometric measures, which allows the expansion of the controls associated with human capital variables. Part of the results corroborate findings in the international literature where wage differentials in favor of lesbians were observed when compared to their sexual counterparts.
Use of MALDI-TOF for identification and surveillance of gram-negative bacteria in captive wild psittacines
Authors: Davies Y. M. , Franco L. S. , Barbosa F. B. , Vanin C. L. , Gomes V. T. M. , Moreno L. Z. , Barbosa M. R. F. , Sato M. I. Z. , Moreno A. M. , Knöbl T.
Published: March 2021

Abstract Microbiological studies of the sanitary and health status of psittacine birds that will be reintroduced is important in evaluating whether these animals act as carriers of pathogenic agents to other animals and humans. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a faster and more accurate method to identify bacteria than conventional microbiology methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of psittacines housed in captivity, by assessment of Gram-negative bacteria from fecal microbiota through MALDI- TOF MS identification. The results indicate high frequency of Gram-negative bacteria in feces (96.5%), especially from the Enterobacteriaceae family (88.7%). The most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli (39.0%), Proteus vulgaris (12.2%), Klebsiella spp. (12.1%) and Raoultella ornithinolytica (8.7%). Proteus hauseri, Citrobacter spp., Morganella morgannii, Providencia rettgeri, Enterobacter spp. and Escherichia hermannii were isolated with lower frequency. . All these agents are potentially pathogenic for parrots and can cause systemic infections in other animals and humans. These findings reinforce that MALDI- TOF MS proved to be a rapid and accurate method of identification of the microorganism and evaluation of the health status of psittacines, providing relevant data to assist decision-making regarding the sanitary protocols in wildlife centers, and possible future reintroduction of wild birds.
An overview of Teletandem mediation courses for teacher education
Authors: Souza Micheli Gomes de , Zakir Maisa de Alcântara , Garcia Daniela Nogueira de Moraes
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate practices in teacher education in the context of the Teletandem Brasil Project (Vassallo & Telles, 2006). Through web conferencing tools, the project pairs up Brazilian university students learning foreign languages with foreign university students learning Portuguese. The partnerships are supported by mediation sessions conducted by professors and researchers of the Teletandem Project. In this paper, we present some theoretical concepts related to telecollaboration (Belz, 2003; O’Dowd, 2007; 2018), besides providing a detailed description and comparison of four editions of preparatory courses for teletandem mediators, organized by researchers of the project. The results of the analysis may provide alternatives for teacher education in a context of growing transcultural connections.
Association between breakfast omission and abdominal adiposity in low-income adolescents
Authors: RIBEIRO Ana Raquel de Andrade Barbosa , CARVALHO Danielle Franklin de , CANTALICE Anajás da Silva Cardoso , SIMÕES Mônica Oliveira da Silva , TEIXEIRA Alessandra , MEDEIROS Carla Campos Muniz
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the association between breakfast omission, overweight/obesity, abdominal adiposity, and unhealthy lifestyle of low-income adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional population study involving 571 public school students aged between 15 and 19 years old. The habit of having breakfast was assessed using a form, checking the weekly frequency of a given meal and considered as breakfast omission when these adolescents did not have breakfast for at least 5 days in the past week. Sociodemographic and lifestyle variables (sedentarism, physical activity level, and sleep duration) were also assessed. Overweight/obesity was defined as a body mass index above a Z-score of +1, and the presence of abdominal adiposity was determined by a waist circumference/height ratio greater than 0.5. The association between breakfast omission and lifestyle variables was assessed using the chi-square test and a multivariate logistic regression of the anthropometric indicators. Results The omission of breakfast was found in 31% of the adolescents and was associated with physical inactivity (p<0.001). Regarding anthropometric indicators, breakfast omission was an independent factor for determining abdominal adiposity, with a 1.8 times greater chance of having this condition among those who omitted breakfast (p=0.037). Conclusions Omitting breakfast was frequent among the students assessed, and was associated with abdominal adiposity, a cardiometabolic risk factor. Investigation and early intervention are fundamental to change this behavior.
A quarta dimensão: da sua natureza espacial na geometria euclidiana à componente tipo tempo de variedades não euclidianas
Authors: Bassalo José Maria Filardo , Caruso Francisco , Oguri Vitor
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, apresenta-se a evolução das ideias sobre a quarta dimensão espacial, partindo daquelas que surgem da geometria euclidiana clássica e abordando, em seguida, as que resultam do âmbito das geometrias não euclidianas, como as de Riemann e Minkowski. Particular atenção é dada ao momento no qual o tempo real passa efetivamente a ser considerado como uma quarta dimensão, conforme introduzido por Einstein.
Sistema automatizado para medición del coeficiente de fricción estática. Un dispositivo para actividades de docencia
Authors: González-Laprea Jesús , Santiago Álvaro
Published: March 2021

Se presenta un dispositivo para la determinación del coeficiente de fricción estática diseñado para mejorar la experiencia en la toma de datos, sin sacrificar su contenido didáctico. El sistema, basado en la medición del ángulo crítico de deslizamiento para un objeto sobre un plano inclinado, utiliza un sensor de posición, eliminando el factor tiempo de reacción en la medida. Un microcontrolador ARDUINO UNO, permite la adquisición y registro de datos de posición y ángulo de inclinación del plano en forma simultánea, con lo que se determina el ángulo crítico. Adicionalmente se incluye un mecanismo de variación continua del ángulo del plano mediante una conexión mecánica no solidaria, reduciendo así los movimientos bruscos o la transmisión de vibraciones del motor a la superficie de medición. Con el sistema propuesto se obtienen coeficientes de fricción con un alto grado de reproducibilidad, proporcionando valores que no sobrepasan el 3% de error en las medidas. El sistema fue probado, usando igual metodología, con superficies de diferentes características, obteniéndose resultados satisfactorios. Como prueba de confiabilidad, se utilizó el equipo en un conjunto de experimentos para determinar la influencia de vibraciones mecánicas sobre los resultados.
Facial rehabilitation with implant-retained nasal prosthesis of acrylic resin: a case report
Authors: AMARAL Cássio Raniere Gomes do , RAMOS Marcelo Barbosa , FERNANDES Márcia Gabrielle Mendes , REGIS Romulo Rocha , DINIZ Tauane Cavalcante , NEGREIROS Wagner Araújo de
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to report a clinical case of facial rehabilitation with an acrylic implant-retained nasal prosthesis after partial rhinectomy resulting from the resection of a basal cell carcinoma in the patient, a 53-year-old Caucasian, normosystemic, professional cowboy. After clinical examination and in possession of computed tomography images, surgery was performed for the placement of conventional dental implants in the premaxillary region (left side). After the surgery, a three-month period of waiting was observed to allow osseointegration of the implants. Later, the nasal prosthesis was prepared, and at the end of treatment, this presented satisfactory peripheral adaptation, retention and esthetics. The patient has returned for follow-up every 6 months, regarding analysis of the prosthesis color, peri-implant health, hygiene, and exchange of the magnets and relays when necessary. The authors concluded that this therapy may be well indicated in patients with partial and total nasal defects, provided that there is correct planning and execution of the surgical, clinical and laboratory phases.