bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educación en tiempos de pandemia: tensiones, evidencias y emergencias de la relación educación y tecnología
Authors: Giraldo Ramírez Maria Elena , Álvarez-Cadavid Gloria M.
Published: April 2021

Este artículo hace parte de las discusiones, indagaciones y reflexiones que hemos tenido en el Grupo de Educación en Ambientes Virtuales (EAV) de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Medellín, en el marco de la pandemia a poco menos de un año del aislamiento preventivo decretado en Colombia el pasado 16 de marzo de 2020. Derivado de este ejercicio presentamos cincos aspectos que representan tensiones, evidencias y emergencias que debemos considerar para enfrentar la nueva cotidianidad educativa. A partir de un contexto sobre algunas de las características de la educación en Colombia, se plantean elementos de la nueva cotidianidad educativa y sus implicaciones; las distintas caras de la brecha digital, que han acentuado nuestras desigualdades; la inminencia de una pedagogía híbrida que invita a asumir nuevas reflexiones pedagógicas; la importancia de crear ambientes no solo para gestionar el aprendizaje sino las emociones, y finalmente una invitación a repensar los límites y oportunidades que nos brinda la tecnología en cada contexto.
Palabras clave: Pandemia. Covid-19. Educación. Brecha digital. Pedagogía híbrida.
Entrevista
Authors: Fofonca Eduardo , Kaelle Jociana Maria Bill
Published: April 2021

Entrevista com o Professor Doutor Fernando Pimentel.
Bustos Raciais: Imagens-artefatos sobre o outro (1908-1945)
Authors: Paz Felipe Rodrigo Contri , Possamai Zita Rosane
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir os aspectos de produção, circulação e consumo de bustos raciais, aqui denominados imagens-artefatos. Produzidos em escala industrial com a finalidade de representar as tipologias humanas, esses bustos foram utilizados nas escolas para ensinar sobre o outro. Nortearam a abordagem, os aportes teóricos e metodológicos da biografia social das coisas e do circuito social das imagens, além das noções de cultura escolar, cultura material e cultura visual escolares. O texto foi dividido em quatro partes: antecedentes e circulação dos bustos raciais; produção da empresa especializada em objetos para a educação, a Somso Modelle (Alemanha); possibilidades de modos de utilização e, por fim, o papel desses bustos como objetos da cultura material e da cultura visual escolar, dando centralidade a percursos já percorridos por outros autores. A pesquisa foi realizada no acervo do Museu e Arquivo Histórico La Salle (Canoas-RS) e considerou a documentação atinente aos bustos raciais. Embora o ensino das raças tenha perpassado várias disciplinas, a investigação mostrou que essas imagens-artefatos foram utilizadas no ensino de Geografia e História Natural. Além disso, esses vestígios nos dizem mais sobre o imaginário da sociedade que os criou, do que sobre os sujeitos representados.
Palavras-chave: Bustos raciais. Cultura visual escolar. Cultura material escolar.
O ensino de ciências da natureza na escola única do trabalho na obra de Pistrak (1888-1937): notas introdutórias sobre a educação soviética no início do século XX
Authors: Feitosa Raphael Alves
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a experiência de Pistrak na escola única do trabalho, instituição Escola Lepechinski (Moscou, Rússia), no contexto da Revolução Bolchevique de 1917, buscando uma análise crítica de seu conteúdo no que tange à área de ciências da natureza. O estudo lança mão de uma pesquisa documental, realizada por meio do estudo das principais obras traduzidas para o português do pedagogo socialista, bem como de uma pesquisa bibliográfica como método acessório. Os resultados da pesquisa sobre os documentos analisados e a literatura investigada indicaram o uso de algumas metodologias para as atividades pedagógica, como pesquisa empírica, experimentação, demonstrações, leitura de livros, excursões e palestras. Ademais, descreve-se que os pedagogos da referida escola utilizavam o ensino por complexos, edificando uma teoria pedagógica com base na articulação entre trabalho e educação. No que tange aos aspectos curriculares de temas ensinados na escola, destaca-se o ensino de botânica, biologia geral, química, física e o estudo zoológico, o qual incluía uma visão em ordem crescente de desenvolvimento biológico. Por fim, analisa-se os temas do ensino do corpo e humano e educação sexual, com foco numa visão ampla e dialética desses temas.
Palavras-chave: Pedagogia russa. Ensino de ciências. Educação crítica.
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario (CAA) sobre la facilitación del desarrollo de la competencia aprender a aprender en el profesorado universitario
Authors: Iñurrategi Nagore , Martínez Agurtzane , Muela Alexander
Published: April 2021

En el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, el profesorado ha de contar con capacidades profesionales para impulsar en el alumnado la competencia aprender a aprender, que hace referencia a la capacidad de autorregulación del propio proceso de aprendizaje. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en diseñar y validar un cuestionario para medir los contextos facilitadores de aprendizaje que el profesorado universitario activa para el desarrollo de la competencia aprender a aprender, el CAA. En primer lugar, en base a la revisión teórica y empírica, se definieron 86 ítems. A continuación, se examinaron la validez de contenido (n = 20 expertos), la validez basada en los procesos de respuesta (n = 10 docentes), la validez basada en la estructura interna (n = 415 docentes), la validez concurrente y la validez externa. Los resultados mostraron una adecuada calidad psicométrica, consistencia interna, fiabilidad y bondad de ajuste. La versión final del CAA comprendió 4 dimensiones y 39 ítems. Este instrumento puede ser una herramienta de rápida aplicación, válida y fiable, para conocer el desarrollo de los contextos facilitadores de aprendizaje de la competencia aprender a aprender. Asimismo, puede servir para detectar necesidades de formación profesional en el desarrollo de dicha competencia.

Within the European Higher Education Area framework, educators must have acquired professional skills in order to promote different competences in the learning to learn competence, which refers to the self-regulation capacity of the learning process itself. The objective of this work was to design and validate a questionnaire to measure the learning facilitator contexts activated by university educators for the development of the learning to learn competence, LLQ. First of all and based on a theoretical and empirical review, 86 items belonging to 7 dimensions were defined. Next, content validity (n = 20 experts), validity based on the response processes (n = 10 teachers), validity based on the internal structure (n = 415 teachers), concurrent validity and external validity were examined. Results showed adequate psychometric quality, internal consistency, reliability and goodness of fit. The final version of the LLQ comprised 4 dimensions and 39 items. This instrument can be considered to be a quick applicable, valid and reliable tool in order to identify the development of the learning facilitator contexts in the growth of the learning to learn competence at university. Likewise, it can also serve to detect training needs in the development of such competence in university educators.
Predictive variables for sleep quality in professional drivers
Authors: Serrano-Fernández María-José , Boada-Grau Joan , Robert-Sentís Lluís , Vigil-Colet Andreu
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: Los conductores profesionales suelen padecer problemas para dormir o descansar correctamente. Esto puede deberse a diversos factores tanto personales como específicos de las condiciones laborales. En el presente trabajo nos hemos planteado desarrollar un modelo predictivo sobre la calidad del sueño en conductores profesionales utilizando los indicadores siguientes: Edad, Género, Confort del asiento, suspensión del asiento, Soporte lumbar ajustable del asiento del conductor, Horas de conducción, Problemas musculoesqueléticos, Drivers Stress, Irritación, Personalidad resistente, Burnout, conductas de seguridad e Impulsividad. Método: Los participantes han sido 369 conductores profesionales, de distintos sectores del transporte, obtenidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se han utilizado el programa SPSS 25.0. Resultados: Se determina la capacidad predictiva de algunas variables que afectan a los conductores sobre la calidad del sueño. Conclusiones: La calidad del sueño se puede predecir a través de determinadas variables, siendo la mejor predictora Exhaustion (Burnout). Esta investigación contribuye a un mayor conocimiento de la calidad del sueño y a la mejora de la salud de los conductores profesionales.

Background: Professional drivers often have problems sleeping or resting properly. This may be due to various factors, both personal and specific to their working conditions. In this study, we set out to develop a predictive model for the quality of sleep in professional drivers using the following indicators: Age, Gender, Seat Comfort, Seat Suspension, Adjustable Lumbar Support of the Driver’s Seat, Driving Hours, Musculoskeletal Problems, Driver Stress, Irritation, Resistant Personality, Burnout, Safety Behaviors and Impulsivity. Method: The participants were 369 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling. The SPSS 25.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Results: The predictive capacity of certain variables that affect drivers’ sleep quality is determined. Conclusions: Sleep quality can be predicted by means of certain variables, the best predictor of which is Exhaustion (Burnout). This research contributes to the body of knowledge on sleep quality and on improving the health of professional drivers.
Biblioteker i Ballerup 1814-1982
Authors: Hjort Eriksen F. S.
Published: April 2021

Historien om de Ballerup-biblioteker begynder i Måløv, anno 1813. Da holdt provst Jens Riddermann Schiøth en tale, som han bagefter lod udgive i bogform. En fotokopi af den lille bog på 16 sider står på en hylde i det nuværende bibliotek: »Tale holden af provst J. R. Schiøth, da den efter Hans Majestæt Kongens allernaadigste Befaling nye opbygte Skole i Maaløv blev indviet den 15de Januar, 1813.« På bagsiden af titelbladet står: »Vilde nogle af dem, som jeg tager mig den Frihed at tilstille et Exemplar af denne Tale, give noget derfor, da skal det anvendes til at oprette et Læsebibliothek for Ballerup Sogn.
Så professionel som muligt
Authors: Svane-Mikkelsen Jørgen
Published: April 2021

Kungälv skolen er det almindeligt anvendte navn for Den Nordiske Fortsættelsesskole for Bibliotekarer, som i perioden 1958-68 afholdtes i Kungälv hvert andet år, i alt seks gange. Disse 6 ugers kurser var etforsøg på at skabe en fællesnordisk videreuddannelse for bibliotekarer i folkebibliotekerne. Leder af Kungälv skolen var Erik Allerslev Jensen, som også havde ledet den til Statens Bibliotekstilsyn knyttede Statens Biblioteksskole i årene 1946-56.
Danmarks første folkebibliotekslov
Authors: Høgh Steffen
Published: April 2021

Den daværende biblioteksdirektør Th. Døssing skrev i anledning af bibliotekslovens 10-års jubilæum i 1930, at »Biblioteksloven blev ganske vist i sin Tid givet under næsten idylliske Former: et enstemmigt Kommissionsforslag, der af Ministeriet uændret blev forelagt i Rigsdagen, der atter enstemmigt og uden Ændringer vedtog Forslaget i begge Ting. Men som vel bekendt var denne Idyl ikke Udtryk for absolut Enighed indenfor Bibliotekarernes egne Rækker«.
Viden er vækst
Authors: Holt Kjær Bodil
Published: April 2021

Formålet med denne artikel er at belyse studiekredsbevægelsens opståen, udbredelse og organisation i Danmark i perioden 1910-1930, samt at undersøge arten og omfanget af samarbejdet mellem studiekredsene og bibliotekerne, to væsentlige faktorer i dansk folkeoplysning, som har haft det fælles mål at gøre læsning, arbejde med bøger, til et effektivt middel i folkeoplysningens tjeneste.
Danmarks status ved FN i New York
Authors: Jha Milan K.
Published: April 2021

Denne artikel analyserer Danmarks status relativt til de tre største nordiske konkurrenter ved FN i New York: Norge, Sverige og Finland. FN er siden 2001 blevet nedprioriteret af gentagne danske regeringer, og undersøgelsen forsøger vha. en statusteoretisk analyseramme at afdække, om disse ændringer har haft konsekvenser for Danmarks status internt i den nordiske kreds. Fra et dansk perspektiv er status særligt relevant i øjeblikket, da Danmark i 2024 planmæssigt skal vejes på FN’s mest markante statusvægt: Valget til FN’s Sikkerhedsråd. Analysen konkluderer, at Danmarks relative status siden 2001 overordnet er faldet på de to undersøgte felter – det udviklingspolitiske og militære område. Der er derfor brug for en ændret strategi og et fornyet fokus såfremt sandsynligheden for at blive valgt til Sikkerhedsrådet i tilfælde af kampvalg skal højnes.
Application Of Multiagent Simulation Modeling To Forecast Milk Receiving Process
Authors: Nazoykin Evgeny A.
Published: April 2021

This research paper discusses the application of multiagent simulation model of production processes by reference to milk receiving and storage. The paper describes basic parameters for general models, and presents the experiment results obtained during the model processing, as well as the approach towards implementation of the multiagent system employing AnyLogic simulation environment. The introduction of general technique to plot multiagent simulation models allows to use digital tools to create a virtual copy of the true-life processes with the possibility to provide forecast and identification of the food production industries. The employment of simulation modeling enables refinement of the production process under study, identification of its weaknesses, and provision of the expert opinion on improvement of production processes and as regards the results of virtual testing thereof.
Evaluation Of Algorithm Performance For Simulated Square And Non-Square Logistic Assignment Problems
Authors: Selmair Maximilian , Hamzehi Sascha , Meier Klaus-Juergen
Published: April 2021

The optimal allocation of transportation tasks to a fleet of vehicles, especially for large-scale systems of more than 20 Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs), remains a major challenge in logistics. Optimal in this context refers to two criteria: how close a result is to the best achievable objective value and the shortest possible computational time. Operations research has provided different methods that can be applied to solve this assignment problem. Our literature review has revealed six commonly applied methods to solve this problem. In this paper, we compared three optimal methods (Integer Linear Programming, Hungarian Method and the Jonker Volgenant Castanon algorithm) to three three heuristic methods (Greedy Search algorithm, Vogel’s Approximation Method and Vogel’s Approximation Method for non-quadratic Matrices). The latter group generally yield results faster, but were not developed to provide optimal results in terms of the optimal objective value. Every method was applied to 20.000 randomised samples of matrices, which differed in scale and configuration, in simulation experiments in order to determine the results’ proximity to the optimal solution as well as their computational time. The simulation results demonstrate that all methods vary in their time needed to solve the assignment problem scenarios as well as in the respective quality of the solution. Based on these results yielded by computing quadratic and non-quadratic matrices of different scales, we have concluded that the Jonker Volgenant Castanon algorithm is deemed to be the best method for solving quadratic and non-quadratic assignment problems with optimal precision. However, if performance in terms of computational time is prioritised for large non-quadratic matrices (50×300 and larger), the Vogel’s Approximation Method for non-quadratic Matrices generates faster approximated solutions.
On The Effect Of Decomposition Granularity On DeTraC For COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Mugova Nicole P. , Abdelsamea Mohammed M. , Gaber Mohamed M.
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 is a growing issue in society and there is a need for resources to manage the disease. This paper looks at studying the effect of class decomposition in our previously proposed deep Convolutional Neural Network, called DeTraC (Decompose, Transfer and Compose). DeTraC has the ability to robustly detect and predict Covid-19 from chest X-ray images. The experimental results showed that changing the number of clusters affected the performance of DeTraC and influenced the accuracy of the model. As the number of clusters increased, the accuracy decreased for the shallow tuning mode but increased for the deep tuning mode. This shows the importance of using suitable hyperparameter settings in order to get the best results from a deep learning model. The highest accuracy obtained, in this study, was 98.33% from the deep tuning model.
Towards Intrusion Detection Of Previously Unknown Network Attacks
Authors: Alzubi Saif , Stahl Frederic T. , Gaber Mohamed M.
Published: April 2021

Advances in telecommunication network technologies have led to an ever more interconnected world. Accordingly, the types of threats and attacks to intrude or disable such networks or portions of it are continuing to develop likewise. Thus, there is a need to detect previously unknown attack types. Supervised techniques are not suitable to detect previously not encountered attack types. This paper presents a new ensemble-based Unknown Network Attack Detector (UNAD) system. UNAD proposes a training workflow composed of heterogeneous and unsupervised anomaly detection techniques, trains on attack-free data and can distinguish normal network flow from (previously unknown) attacks. This scenario is more realistic for detecting previously unknown attacks than supervised approaches and is evaluated on telecommunication network data with known ground truth. Empirical results reveal that UNAD can detect attacks on which the workflows have not been trained on with a precision of 75% and a recall of 80%. The benefit of UNAD with existing network attack detectors is, that it can detect completely new attack types that have never been encountered before.
Data Stream Harmonization For Heterogeneous Workflows
Authors: Bandis Eleftherios , Polatidis Nikolaos , Diapouli Maria , Kapetanakis Stelios
Published: April 2021

Transport infrastructure relies heavily on extended multi sensor networks and data streams to support its advanced real time monitoring and decision making. All relevant stakeholders are highly concerned on how travel patterns, infrastructure capacity and other internal / external factors (such as weather) affect, deteriorate or improve performance. Usually new network infrastructure can be remarkably expensive to build thus the focus is constantly in improving existing workflows, reduce overheads and enforce lean processes. We propose suitable graph-based workflow monitoring met­hods for developing efficient performance measures for the rail industry using extensive business process workflow pattern analysis based on Case-based Reasoning (CBR) combined with standard Data Mining methods. The approach focuses on both data preparation, cleaning and workflow integration of real network data. Preliminary results of this work are promising since workflow integration seems efficient against data complexity and domain peculiarities as well as scale on demand whilst demonstrating efficient accuracy. A number of modelling experiments are presented, that show that the approach proposed here can provide a sound basis for the effective and useful analysis of operational sensor data from train Journeys.
Modelling Economic Crises In Hua He Framework
Authors: Felfoeldi-Szuecs Nora , Juhasz Peter , Kuerthy Gabor , Szaz Janos , Vidovics-Dancs Agnes
Published: April 2021

In our paper we model firms’ liquidity using the Hua He methodology. We investigate how cooperation of firms improve the possibilites of liquidity management. During a crisis, various effects identified in the literature hurt firms’ liquidity position and lead to increased bankruptcy risk. We may counterbalance these adverse effects by providing immediate cash transfers and granting periodic cash flow transfers or additional credit lines. Cooperating with peers pays off. The importance of liquidity transfer between agents is higher during a crisis than in normal economic environment. It contributes to a lower default rate the losses are more moderate as well. Several consequences can be drawn for policy makers how ameliorate resilience of agents.
MCX ꟷ An Open-Source Framework For Digital Twins
Authors: Shahsavari Sajad , Immonen Eero , Rabah Mohammed , Haghbayan Mohammad-Hashem , Plosila Juha
Published: April 2021

This article describes ModelConductor-eXtended (MCX), which is an open-source software architecture for digital twins. The MCX framework facilitates co-execution of, and asynchronous data communication between, physical systems and their digital simulation models. MCX supports running FMUs (simulation models packaged according to the FMI specification) as well as machine learning models and customized models. We propose extensions to the previously published ModelConductor framework for higher performance and better scalability. The extensions include decoupling of the queue and the model computation module, utilization of a standard data transmission protocol and implementation of the facility to run time-consuming simulation models in a time synchronous manner. Additionally, three new validation case studies are presented. A performance evaluation shows that the extensions improve the average response time almost 4 times in three specific experiments.
Differential Evolution Algorithm In Models Of Technical Optimization
Authors: Knobloch Roman , Mlynek Jaroslav
Published: April 2021

At present, evolutionary optimization algorithms are increasingly used in the development of new technological processes. Evolutionary algorithms often allow the optimization procedure to be performed even in cases where classical optimization algorithms fail (e.g. gradient methods) and where an acceptable solution is sufficient to solve the optimization task. The article focuses on possibilities of using a differential evolution algorithm in the optimization process. This algorithm is often referred to in the literature as a global optimization procedure. However, we show by means of a practical example that the convergence of the classic differential algorithm to the global extreme is not generally assured and is largely dependent on the specific cost function. To remove this weakness, we designed a modified version of the differential evolution algorithm. The improved version, named the modified differential evolution algorithm, is described in the article. It is possible to prove asymptotic convergence to the global minimum of the cost function for the modified version of the algorithm.
La genètica de les migracions humanes: Seguint el rastre de les migracions a través del nostre genoma
Authors: Comas Martínez David
Published: April 2021

La reconstrucció de les migracions humanes és possible gràcies a la informació aportada per diverses disciplines. L’estudi de la diversitat genètica de les poblacions humanes actuals ens revela quins han estat els esdeveniments demogràfics i moviments migratoris passats que han deixat una empremta en el nostre genoma.
Refugiats i apàtrides. L’asil polític i la protecció internacional a l’Estat espanyol: evolució i impediments
Authors: Dura Tohus Jaume
Published: April 2021

Les polítiques de control de fronteres s’han anat consolidant, convertint Europa i  l’Estat espanyol en una mena de fortalesa a la qual cada vegada és mes difícil penetrar, i per tant accedir al procediment d’asil. El govern espanyol prioritza la que denominen «lluita contra la migració irregular» front al compliment dels compromisos que com a Estat, ha signat en matèria de Drets Humans, vulnerant així el dret al asil i a la Protecció Internacional recollit, entre d’altres, en la Convenció de Ginebra sobre l’estatut de les persones refugiades.
The peculiarities of tax incentives for Industrial and innovative clusters in Russia
Authors: Ibragimova Dinara
Published: April 2021

This article examines the available approaches towards tax incentivization of the activity of subjects in the industrial and innovative clusters. Analysis is conducted on the tax benefits that could be received by the residents of preferential regimes, such as special economic zones, free economic zones, territories of advanced socioeconomic development within the framework of membership in the Skolkovo Innovation Center, as well as regime for the participants of innovative scientific and technological centers. The peculiarity this research is that tax incentives are examined from the perspective of their relevance on each stage of the lifecycle of an industrial product and innovation. The author's special contribution lies in the selected approach towards assessment of the effect of preferential tax regimes from the standpoint of the development of industrial and innovative clusters. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Currently existing territorial regimes of taxation are aimed primarily at attraction of new investments to the Russian regions and include a range of tax support measures effective for the limited period on the first stage of lifecycle of the product or innovation; 2. From the perceptive of stimulation of participation in the industrial clusters, the available preferential regimes contain attractive and essential benefits for manufacturing industrial products, however, traditional regimes, such as special economic zones and territories of advanced socioeconomic development, no longer meet the needs of innovative companies. For stimulation of participation in the innovative clusters, tax regime for the Skolkovo Innovation Center currently seems most attractive. 3. Due to the fact that the existing regimes of special economic zones, free economic zones, territories of advanced socioeconomic development are aimed at the attraction of investment and focused on the first years of implementation of the project. For incentivization of the qualitative development of industrial and innovative clusters it is reasonable to assess the possibility of more even distribution of tax benefits or introduce other long-term methods of support.
The Application of GIS and Remote Sensing in a Spatiotemporal Analysis of Coastline Retreat in Rufisque, Senegal
Authors: Koulibaly Cheikh Tidiane , Ayoade Johnson O.
Published: April 2021

This paper is aimed at analyzing the phenomenon of shoreline retreat in the locality of Rufisque from 1978 to 2018 mainly using geospatial data and field visits. A set of Landsat images from different dates at 10 year intervals was then acquired through the United States Geological Survey platform and shoreline change analysis was run using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System. In addition to that desktop work, interactions with local residents allowed the determination of ongoing adaptation strategies actually in place to cope with coastal erosion. The study showed that Rufisque is subject to serious rates of erosion reaching −19.48 m/year from 1978–1988, close to −8 m/year from 1988–1998, −5.88 m/year from 1998–2008 and −6.67 m/year from 2008–2018. Beside that coastal erosion, it has been noticed that the coastline also experienced in some of its parts cases of accretion reaching 4.94 m/year for 1988–1998, 7.29 m/year from 1998–2008 and 7.68 m/year during the period 2008–2018. In terms of surfaces, Rufisque’ shoreline respectively lost 156.81 ha (1978–1988), 80.55 ha (1988–1998), 6.94 ha (1998–2008), 12.93 ha (2008–2018) and in the same note gained 2.86 ha (1988–1998), 32.51 ha (1998–2008) and 19.16 ha (2008–2018) attesting to the fact that the coastline is subject to both spatiotemporal changes. Finally, this study also reveals that while authorities’ reaction is taking place at much lower pace, local communities are actually using their ingenuity to put in place strategies to tackle coastal erosion.
TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3 alter the TAZ/YAP transcriptome by recruiting the ATAC histone acetyltransferase complex
Authors: Merritt Nicole , Garcia Keith , Rajendran Dushyandi , Lin Zhen-Yuan , Zhang Xiaomeng , Mitchell Katrina A , Borcherding Nicholas , Fullenkamp Colleen , Chimenti Michael S , Gingras Anne-Claude , Harvey Kieran F , Tanas Munir R
Published: April 2021

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a vascular sarcoma that metastasizes early in its clinical course and lacks an effective medical therapy. The TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3 fusion proteins are chimeric transcription factors and initiating oncogenic drivers of EHE. A combined proteomic/genetic screen in human cell lines identified YEATS2 and ZZZ3, components of the Ada2a-containing histone acetyltransferase (ATAC) complex, as key interactors of both fusion proteins despite the dissimilarity of the C terminal fusion partners CAMTA1 and TFE3. Integrative next-generation sequencing approaches in human and murine cell lines showed that the fusion proteins drive a unique transcriptome by simultaneously hyperactivating a TEAD-based transcriptional program and modulating the chromatin environment via interaction with the ATAC complex. Interaction of the ATAC complex with both fusion proteins indicates that it is a key oncogenic driver and unifying enzymatic therapeutic target for this sarcoma. This study presents an approach to mechanistically dissect how chimeric transcription factors drive the formation of human cancers.
Evaluation of circulating tumor cells as a prognostic biomarker for early recurrence in stage II–III breast cancer patients using CytoSorter® system: a retrospective study
Authors: Jin Lidan , Fan Wan-Hung , Luan Yi , Wu Meiqiong , Zhao Wenhe
Published: April 2021

Purpose

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to be associated with late recurrence and poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Different CTC enrichment platforms have different CTC cut-off values for poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative CTCs could be a prognostic factor for early recurrence of disease in BC patients with resectable tumors, and to ascertain the CTC cut-off value for early recurrence with CytoSorter® CTC system.

Methods

Thirty-six stage II and III BC patients who had preoperative (pre-op) CTC detection and underwent a mastectomy or lumpectomy for curative intent between January and May 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. CTC detection was performed using CytoSorter® CTC system. Correlations of patients’ demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, adjuvant therapies and CTCs with relapse and survival were evaluated.

Results

CTCs were detected in 32 out of 36 patients before surgery. Nine patients developed relapses during follow-up, and seven of them were distant recurrence. Univariate analysis showed that CTCs were correlated with two-year recurrence free survival (RFS) and distant RFS (D-RFS) (P = 0.013 and 0.029, respectively). Two-year RFS and D-RFS were 85.2% and 88.9%, respectively, for patients with <4 CTCs, while 44.4% and 55.6%, respectively, for patients with ≧4 CTCs. In multivariate analysis, only CTC was shown to be correlated with two-year RFS (HR: 0.219, 95% CI: [0.058–0.82], P = 0.024) and D-RFS (HR: 0.218, 95% CI [0.048–0.977], P = 0.047).

Conclusion

BC patients with pre-op CTCs ≥4 per four mL of blood have significantly reduced two-year RFS and D-RFS. A pre-op CTC cut-off of four per four mL of blood was found for CytoSorter® to identify BC patients with a higher risk for early recurrence.
Phytoconstituent of Allanblackia floribunda Seeds
Authors: Ezim O. E. , Idih F.
Published: April 2021

Allanblackia floribunda seed is one of the underutilized and under-exploited seeds in Nigeria, it is a flowering plant in the clusiaceae family that has been used over the years in folk medicine especially in managing hypertension in Africa. This study seeks to evaluate the phytoconstituents of Allanblackia floribunda. Qualitative phytochemical screening, proximate analysis and volatile compounds present in the seeds were evaluated using standard methods. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids and saponins in the seeds. The result from the proximate compositions showed that the seed had high fibre (4.21%), lipid (10.46%), protein (19.25%), and carbohydrate (61.26%) contents. The GCMS result revealed the presence of compounds with medicinal and nutritional potentials, among these compounds are caryophyllene (13.228%) and oleic acid (2.021%). This study revealed that an Allanblackia floribunda seed has phytoconstituent with nutritional and medicinal importance.
A Review on Response of Neem Seed and Leaf Extract on Crop Protection and Production
Authors: Verma Sudhanshu , Pooja . , Singh Shani Kumar , Pradhan Swati Swayamprabha , Singh Abhishek
Published: April 2021

Neem products including conventional preparations and formulations have been used widely for improving the growth, yield, and management of insect pests attacking especially on field crops. Phytochemicals are extracted from distinguish parts of the neem plant vary significantly due to abiotic and biotic factors from collection of the raw material to extract preparation and product formulation. Content of highly active ingredient, insect species and growth stage, type of formulation, and combined of products with another control method. In this manuscript, the direct and indirect actions of neem extract on growth, yield, and insect pests are delineated and realistic implications for future strategies are discussed.
Investigating the Safety Management Plan in Junkyard
Authors: Shin Hoisik , Yang Junseo , Hwang Woongi
Published: April 2021

Automobiles play a crucial role in our lives as they help us in improving our quality of life. Owing to the expansion and development of various industries, the demand for automobiles has increased, which has resulted in an increase in the number of vehicles. The boundary value, due to the recycling of automobile-based waste, is expected to reach approximately 500 billion won per year. In particular, due to the amendment in the Automobile Management Act in 2010, the central axis has shifted from “dismantled and recycled” to “dismantled and recycled.” For recycling, each and every part of the automobile should be dismantled at the junkyard. However, the junkyards in Korea do not have a systematic and automated dismantling system for cars, and thus, they rely on direct dismantling and separation systems; this results in large-scale fires owing to the increased risk of fires that occur during the direct dismantling process. To address this issue, I would like to suggest a safety management plan for junkyards in Korea.
Caracterisations immunochimiques de deux auxine oxydases extraites de tumeurs vegetables
Authors: Daussant J. , Roussaux J. , Manigault P.
Published: July 2002

Two auxin oxidases with distinct antigenic specificities have been identified in extracts of plant tumor induced in Datura stramonium by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Auxin oxidase and peroxidase activities are demonstrated for both enzymes. The adaptation of an immunochemical method allows the quantitative evaluation of both enzymes in different plant tissue extracts. The amount of these enzymes which is low in the organ of the healthy plant increases during tumorisation, healing and in vitro culture of healthy tissues.
The fungicide chloraniformethan and the herbicide dichlofopmethyl affect calmodulin‐dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from bovine brain
Authors: Hertel Cornelia , Marmé Dieter
Published: July 2002

Calmodulin‐stimulated phosphodiesterase from bovine brain is inhibited by the fungicide chloraniformethan; the activity in the absence of calmodulin is not affected. The herbicide dichlofopmethyl enhances the basal activity and inhibits the calmodulin stimulation.
Simultaneous isolation of the yeast cytosol and well‐preserved mitochondria with negligible contamination by vacuolar proteinases
Authors: Schwencke Jaime , Canut Hervé , Flores Alberto
Published: July 2002

Disruption of yeast spheroplasts by DEAE‐dextran in isoosmotic conditions allows isolation of relatively undamaged subcellular fractions from yeast. The preservation of mitochondria and vacuoles permits the simultaneous isolation of the cytosol with negligible contamination by vacuolar proteinases and therefore, virtually eliminates proteolytic artefacts.
O‐Glycosylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is initiated at the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Haselbeck Anton , Tanner Widmar
Published: July 2002

The first mannose of O‐linked oligomannose chains in S. cerevisiae is transferred to Ser/Thr residues via dolichylphosphate mannose. Only this reaction (and not the subsequent reactions requiring GDP‐Man) proceeds at the endoplasmic reticulum.
T cell growth factors from adult T cell leukemia virus‐transformed cell lines
Authors: Okai Yasuji , Oka Takashi , Akagi Tadaatsu , Kurata Sayuri , Fujiyoshi Nobuo
Published: July 2002

ALTV‐transformed cell
T cell growth factor
Preparation of 9‐fluoro‐9‐deoxy‐N‐[2‐14C]acetylneuraminic acid
Authors: Conradt H.S. , Bünsch A. , Brossmer R.
Published: July 2002

9‐Fluoro‐9‐deoxy‐N‐[2‐14C]acetylneuraminic acid has been prepared from 6‐fluoro‐6‐deoxy‐N‐acetylmannosamine and [2‐14C]pyruvic acid for the first time, using Clostridium perfringens N‐acetylneuraminate pyruvate‐lyase (EC 4.1.3.3). The fluoro sugar was activated by CMP‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid synthase and CTP to yield CMP‐9‐fluoro‐9‐deoxy‐N‐[2‐14C]acetylneuraminic acid. Both products were obtained in good yield (60 and 30%, respectively). The radioactive sugar in its activated form is glycosidically attached to asialo‐α1‐acid glycoprotein by sialyltransferase and can be removed by the action of Vibrio cholerae sialidase. The reaction rates of the enzymes studied are lower with the 9‐fluoro derivatives than with the N‐acetylneuraminic acid substrates.
Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent phosphorylation of elongation factor 2
Authors: Ryazanov Alexey G.
Published: July 2002

Incubation of a ribosome‐free extract of rabbit reticulocytes or rat liver with [γ‐32P]ATP and Ca2+ results in incorporation of 32P predominantly into a single polypeptide of Mr
∼ 100 000. This polypeptide is identified as elongation factor 2 (EF‐2). Phosphorylation of EF‐2 is strictly Ca2+‐dependent and can be inhibited by the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine. It is suggested that the Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent phosphorylation of EF‐2 is involved in regulation of protein biosynthesis.
Unimpaired coupling of phosphorylated, desensitized β‐adrenoceptor to Gs in a reconstitution system
Authors: Keenan Alan K. , Cooney Deirdre , Holzhöfer Andreas , Dees Christian , Hekman Mirko
Published: July 2002

Heterologous desensitization of turkey erythrocyte β‐adrenoceptors correlates with receptor phosphorylation and impaired receptor‐Gs coupling, as assessed by fusion of purified desensitized receptors with X. laevis erythrocytes [(1984) Science 225, 837‐840]. We have purified β‐receptors from desensitized and untreated turkey erythrocytes and have compared the abilities of these two receptors to couple with pure turkey erythrocyte Gs in a reconstituted system. Functional receptor‐Gs coupling was assessed by measuring hormone‐dependent (i) Gs, activation by GTPγS and (ii) GTPase activity. While in membranes prepared from desensitized cells, receptor‐Gs, coupling was clearly reduced, this effect was absent when coupling of purified desensitized receptor was measured. We conclude that covalent modification by phosphorylation does not fully explain the functional uncoupling at the membrane level.
Comparison of protamines from freshwater and marine bivalve molluscs: Evolutionary implications
Authors: Subirana Juan A. , Colom Jenny
Published: July 2002

We characterized for the first time a protamine from the spermatozoa of a freshwater bivalve, Dreissena
polymorpha. We found that it contains a protamine very similar in composition to those found in marine bivalves. We concluded that freshwater does not impose any restriction on the composition of sperm basic proteins. We compared our results with those recently published by other authors and proposed an evolutionary pathway for bivalve sperm proteins as originating from histone H1.
A fast transient hyperpolarization occurs during the sea urchin sperm acrosome reaction induced by egg jelly
Authors: González-Martínez M. , Darszon A.
Published: July 2002

The egg jelly‐induced sea urchin sperm depolarization, assayed with the membrane potential‐sensitive dye diS‐C3‐(5), is preceded by a fast quenching, which was initially taken as an artifact. Here we show that part of this quenching results from a K+ ‐dependent transient hyperpolarization (∼4 s). Seawater containing 25–35 mM KCl inhibits this hyperpolarization, the depolarization and the acrosome reaction induced by egg jelly, or by the acrosome reaction inducing factor purified therefrom. These results suggest that egg jelly induces a transient hyperpolarization mediated by an increase in K+ permeability, which may be involved in triggering the acrosome reaction
Decrease in CuZn‐superoxide dismutase mRNA level during differentiation of human monocytic and promyelotic leukemia cells
Authors: Saito Hiroyuki , Kuroki Toshio , Nose Kiyoshi
Published: July 2002

Change in the level of CuZn‐superoxide dismutase (SOD) mRNA was examined using a molecular probe during differentiation of human monocytic leukemia U937 cells or promyelotic leukemia HL‐60 cells induced by either 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). CuZn‐SOD mRNA levels were found to decrease during the course of differentiation, and this response is specific for differentiation, since the treatment of human B cell leukemia cells or normal diploid fibroblasts with TPA failed to have any effect on the level of CuZn‐SOD mRNA. The activity of CuZn‐SOD in U937 cells also decreased during differentiation, but following that of the CuZn‐SOD mRNA level. The expression of the CuZn‐SOD gene is thus concluded to diminish during the differentiation of HL‐60 and U937 cells.
Galanin inhibits insulin secretion by direct interference with exocytosis
Authors: Ullrich Susanne , Wollheim Claes B.
Published: July 2002

Electrically permeabilized RINm5F cells were used to study whether galanin inhibits insulin secretion distally to the generation of soluble second messengers. Ca2+‐induced insulin secretion was inhibited by the neuropeptide in a dose‐dependent manner. Galanin appears to act via a G‐protein as persussis toxin treatment abolished the effect. GTP (100 μM), GDP (100 μM) and a low dose of GTPγS (10 μM) did not affect galanin‐mediated inhibition of secretion. In contrast, at 100 μM, GTPγS attenuated and GDPβS abolished the effect of the peptide. We conclude that galanin inhibits exocytosis directly by a mechanism involving a G‐protein.
The role of a conserved guanosine residue in the hammerhead‐type RNA enzyme
Authors: Odai Osamu , Hiroaki Hidekazu , Sakata Takeshi , Tanaka Toshiki , Uesugi Seiichi
Published: July 2002

We have designed a hammerhead‐type RNA system which consists of three RNA fagments for normal and modified complexes which contain a non‐cleavable substrate with 2'‐O‐methylcytidine and a guanosine‐to‐inosine replaced enzyme. Examination of the RNA‐cleaving activity and conformational properties of the complexes suggests that the 2‐amino group of a conserved guanosine residue in the loop region plays an important role for maintaining both the activity and loop conformation.
NCAM: a surface marker for human small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Aletsee-Ufrecht Maria C. , Langley Keith , Rotsch Martin , Havemann Klaus , Gratzl Manfred
Published: July 2002

Immunocytochemical and immunochemical techniques were used to study the expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) by human lung cancer cell lines. Intense surface staining for NCAM was found at light and electron microscopic levels on small cell lung cancer cells. The NCAM polypeptide of M
r 140000 (NCAM 140) was detected by immunoblotting in all of 7 small cell lung cancer cell lines examined and in one out of two of the closely related large cell cancer cell lines: it was not detected in cell lines obtained from one patient with a mesothelioma, in two cases of adenocarcinoma, nor in two cases of squamous cell cancer. In contrast, neuron‐specific enolase was found by immunoblotting in all the lung cancer cell lines tested and synaptophysin in all but the adenocarcinoma cell lines. These antigens were localized intracellularly. The specific expression of NCAM 140 by human small and large cell lung carcinomas suggests its potential as a diagnostic marker.
The chloroplast gene for ribosomal protein CL23 is functional in tobacco
Authors: Yokoi Fumiaki , Tanaka Minoru , Wakasugi Tatsuya , Sugiura Masahiro
Published: July 2002

Chloroplast rp123 loci potentially coding for a polypeptide homologous to the E. Coli L23 ribosomal protein are frame‐shifted in spinach and several other plants, indicating that these loci are pseudogenes. In tobacco, tp123 constitutes a continuous open reading frame of 93 codons and its transcript initiates at least 66 bp upstream from the initiation codon. The N‐terminal amino acid sequence of a 13 kDa protein from the 50 S subunit of tobacco chloroplast ribosomes matches that derived from the tobacco rp123 locus. This shows that rp123 is a functional gene in tobacco.
Prolonged, repetitive calcium transients in rat oocytes fertilized in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ben-Yosef Dalit , Oron Yoram , Shalgi Ruth
Published: July 2002

Zona‐free rat oocytes inseminated with capacitated sperm, under conditions that allow polyspermic fertilization, exhibited a rapid, transient elevation of cellular calcium (from 147 ± 10 to 607 ± 55 nM, n = 19, measured by Fura 2 fluorescence ratio imaging) immediately after sperm attachment. This peak was followed by a series of dramatic calcium transients of high amplitude (maximal 847 ± 32 nM) and frequency (range 2.1 ± 0.07–3.9 ± 0.07 min), which continued for several hours. A similar pattern was seen also in zona‐free oocytes fertilized with low sperm density (i.e. producing mainly monospermic attachment) and in zona‐enclosed oocytes fertilized in vitro. Moreover, single or repetitive calcium transients were observed in rat oocytes fertilized in vivo. These findings indicate that in normal fertilization in vivo, sperm‐oocyte interaction initiates a prolonged train of cyclical calcium changes in the oocyte. This activity may be necessary for the early events in the fertilization process.
The pro sequence of lactase‐phlorizin hydrolase is required for the enzyme to reach the plasma membrane
Authors: Oberholzer Thomas , Mantei Ned , Semenza Giorgio
Published: July 2002

Various cDNAs coding for part or all of human pre‐pro lactase‐phlorizin hydrolase (pre‐proLPH) were transfected into COS cells and the subcellular location of the lactase‐related proteins assessed. Only the complete proLPH reached the plasma membrane. LPH without the pro sequence, and a construct containing the pro sequence and the lactase domain of mature LPH, accumulated intracellularly; the pro sequence with no mature domain was secreted. We conclude that the pro sequence is important for LPH to be transported to the cell surface.