bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Wettability and Relative Permeability Hysteresis in Saline Aquifers; Implication of Hydrogen Underground Storage
Authors: AL homoud Rana , Machado Marcos Vitor Barbosa , Daigle Hugh , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Ates Harun
Published: April 2024

Numerical simulation is a crucial step in evaluating hydrogen storage in porous media and plays a crucial role in complementing and extending the insights gained from traditional laboratory experiments. This study focuses on numerically evaluating the influence of wettability and relative permeability hysteresis on hydrogen recovery in underground hydrogen storage. Wettability and hysteresis play pivotal roles in determining trapped gas saturation and significantly affect hydrogen recovery. Neglecting hysteresis may lead to overestimating gas production and misrepresenting water production.

The investigation employs the Carlson model to calculate trapped gas saturation and the Killough model to account for the water hysteresis. By utilizing the Land coefficient based on laboratory-measured data for the hydrogen-brine system, our results reveal a substantial impact of gas hysteresis on the hydrogen recovery factor. The base model, neglecting the hysteresis effect, indicates a recovery factor of 78% by the fourth cycle. In contrast, the modified model, accounting for hysteresis and yielding a trapped gas saturation of ~17%, shows a hydrogen recovery factor of 45% by the fourth cycle. Furthermore, gas hysteresis notably impacts water production, with an observed 12.5% increase in volume in the model incorporating gas hysteresis. Additionally, results suggest that water hysteresis is significant in UHS, and a substantial reduction of hydrogen recovery and water production was observed. In conclusion, relative permeability hysteresis significantly influences hydrogen production compared to other petrophysical phenomena, such as wettability, which has a limited impact on operational feasibility and poses little threat to storing hydrogen in sandstone formations. In contrast to numerous numerical simulation studies that neglect hysteresis, this research offers a comprehensive analysis underscoring the significance of hysteresis on UHS. This contribution enhances the precision of recovery factor data estimation, which is crucial for assessing storage project feasibility.
Significance of ploidy on par with genotypic specificity in host resistance for Phytophthora in Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Jacob Mathew Paravanparampil , Davis Thomson , Jabbar M. Abdul
Published: April 2024

We estimated Disease Severity Indices (DSI) of 22 genotypes of Black pepper by subjecting them to screening against Phytophthora capsici for assessing the influence of ploidy as well as genotype in host resistance. The DSI of the genotypes showed significant variation and established the existence of genotypic specificity in host resistance in Black pepper. ‘PAJ’, a haploid genotype of the crop, exhibited the highest resistance to the pathogen, as evident by its lowest DSI (33.33 %), and rated it as ‘moderately resistant’. Its diploid progenitor ‘PMM’ and all the other diploid genotypes were rated as ‘susceptible’, since their DSI were > 40 %. ‘PAJ’ is genetically a product of haplodisation of ‘PMM’, and it showed significantly higher resistance than ‘PMM’ for the pathogen. Hence, it is inferred that ploidy has remarkable influence in Black pepper – Phytophthorapathosystem. This study is insightful on the possible genomic interventions for augmenting the inherent degree of resistance exhibited by the genotypes of the crop for the pathogen. Therefore, outcome of this study is a breakthrough, which can transform the present-day haphazard, less efficient approach in resistance breeding in Black pepper for Phytophthora foot rot to one which is systematic and efficient.
Large-Scale Analysis Reveals Racial Disparities in the Prevalence of ADHD and Conduct Disorders
Authors: Shalaby Noha , Sengupta Sourav , Williams Jamal B.
Published: April 2024

The primary purpose of this study is to highlight trends in the prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD) and Conduct Disorders (CD) between non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black populations and identify potential diagnostic disparities between these groups. De-identified electronic health record data on the TriNetX platform of patients diagnosed with ADHD, CD, or both between January 2013 and May 2023 from 50 healthcare organizations in the US were used to investigate racial and sex disparities in the prevalence of ADHD and CD diagnoses. With a cohort of 849,281 ADHD patients and 157,597 CD patients, non-Hispanic Whites were ~26% more likely to receive ADHD diagnosis and ~61% less likely to be diagnosed with CD than non-Hispanic Blacks. The mean age of diagnosis of ADHD was over 8 years higher for White patients than for Black patients, with a disproportionately higher number of White patients diagnosed in adulthood, compared to a comparatively negligible number of Blacks diagnosed with ADHD in the same age group. Additionally, Black females were the cohort least likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, while White females were the cohort least likely to be diagnosed with CD. Race disparities exist between Black and White populations, and sex disparities exist within each population. More information is needed to determine contributors to these differences, although implicit biases and systemic racism may be key contributing factors. Presenting evidence and increasing awareness of culturally relevant diagnoses can reduce unconscious bias and move toward more informed and objective psychiatric evaluations.
Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity moderates the association between prenatal maternal depression and infant cord blood omega-3 levels
Authors: Costello Lauren A. , Ziegler Katherine , McCormack Lacey , Akbaryan Anahid , Vargas Julianna Collazo , Harris William S. , Jackson Kristina H. , Barber Maria , Morales Santiago , Elliott Amy J. , Hockett Christine , Shuffrey Lauren C.
Published: April 2024

Background
Empirical evidence has demonstrated associations between pre-pregnancy obesity and perinatal maternal depressive symptoms. Omega-3 is an essential fatty acid derived from dietary sources that is critical for fetal brain development. Pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with higher omega-3 intake, but a weaker association between dietary intake and respective maternal and cord blood omega-3 levels. Further, lower intake of omega-3 during pregnancy has been linked to higher depressive symptoms. Yet, prior studies have not examined the interactive effects of pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (OWOB) and prenatal maternal depression on infant cord blood omega-3 levels.
Methods
Participants included 394 maternal-infant dyads from the NIH Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) - Safe Passage Study in South Dakota. A pre-pregnancy body mass index > 25 was used to dichotomize participants as OWOB (54%) vs. non-OWOB (46%). Prenatal maternal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and prenatal maternal anxiety symptoms were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We implemented linear regression models to examine the interaction term between pre-pregnancy OWOB and prenatal maternal depressive symptoms on cord blood omega-3 levels controlling for preterm birth. Secondary analyses were stratified by pre-pregnancy OWOB status.
Results
We observed a significant interaction between pre-pregnancy OWOB and prenatal maternal depressive symptoms with cord blood omega-3 (F (4,379) = 6.21, p < .0001, adj. R2 = 0.05). Stratified models revealed that only among individuals with pre-pregnancy OWOB, there was an association between prenatal maternal depressive symptoms with lower cord blood omega-3 levels (β = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.11, -0.02; F (2,208) = 4.00, p < .05, adj R2 = 0.03). No associations were observed among non-OWOB participants.
Conclusions
Findings suggest maternal-placental transfer of omega-3 may represent one pathway by which maternal metabolic and mental health impacts infant development.
Occurrence and Determinants of Anemia among School-Going Adolescents in Mbale City, Eastern Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mugasha Edgar , Napyo Agnes , Okia David , Okello Francis , Matovu Joseph KB , Alunyo Jimmy Patrick , Wanume Benon , Mukunya David , Olupot-Olupot Peter , Lubaale Yovani
Published: April 2024

Background
Globally impacting around 2 billion people, anemia poses challenges to cognitive and physical development, academic performance, and work productivity in adolescents. In this study, we explored anemia prevalence and associated factors among school-going adolescents in Mbale City, Eastern Uganda, and we utilized primary community-based data.
Methodology:
A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed using a questionnaire administered face to face to collect data on hemocue. The study population was secondary level school-going adolescents residing in Mbale City aged 15–19 years. Stratified sampling was used to select respondents in each of the three divisions of Mbale City. The study considered adolescents with hemoglobin (HB) levels below 12.0g/dL for females and below 13.0g/dL for males as anemic. Prior to enrolling participants in the study, consent and assent were obtained.
Results
More than half (57%, n = 270/422) of the respondents were anemic of whom 57.8% were female while 42.2% were male. The results revealed that being female (OR = 3.81, p < 0.001), having a deceased mother (OR = 5.87, p = 0.008), parents of the adolescent being divorced/ separated (OR = 4.08, p < 0.001), currently taking medication (OR = 3.38, p = 0.001), and drinking un-boiled water (OR = 2.22, p = 0.015) were significantly associated with anemia. In contrast, being Muslim (OR = 0.44, p = 0.046) and belonging to the Adventist denomination (OR = 0.25, p = 0.037) were protective factors against anemia.
Conclusion and Recommendations:
The study revealed a high prevalence of anemia, particularly affecting females, among school-going adolescents. Location was identified as a significant factor, emphasizing the necessity of targeted interventions in areas with high anemia rates. These findings hold critical implications for anemia prevention and management in low- and middle-income countries like Uganda, including considerations for school feeding programs.
The development of ionic zinc(II) phthalocyanines for sono-photodynamic combination therapy of cervical and breast cancer
Authors:   , Nene Lindokuhle Cindy
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on the development of the sono-photodynamic combination therapy (SPDT) activity of phthalocyanines (Pcs) on the cervical and breast cancer cell lines in vitro. The SPDT technique utilizes ultrasound in combination with light to elicit cytotoxic effects for cancer eradication. In this work, a selection of tetra-peripherally substituted Zn(II) cationic and zwitterionic Pcs were prepared. The photophysical parameters of the Pcs were determined including their fluorescence behaviours and efficiency of the triplet excited state population. The effects of the ultrasonic parameters (frequencies (MHz) and power (W.cm-2)) on the stability of the Pcs were evaluated. Four parameters were evaluated: Par I (1 MHz: 1 W.cm-2), Par II (1 MHz: 2 W.cm-2), Par III (3 MHz: 1 W.cm-2) and Par IV (3 MHz: 2 W.cm-2). The stability of the Pcs reduced with the increase in the ultrasonic power (for Par II and Par IV). The Par I showed the least degradation compared to the other parameters and was therefore used for the SPDT treatments. The sonodynamic (SDT), photodynamic (PDT) therapy activities of the Pcs were studied and compared to their SPDT efficacies. The Pcs showed reactive oxygen species generation during the SDT, PDT and SPDT treatments. For the SDT and SPDT, singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were detected. For PDT, only the 1O2 were detected. The cell cytotoxicity studies for the Pcs showed relatively higher therapeutic efficacies for the SDT treatments compared to the PDT treatments, where the SPDT showed higher therapeutic efficacies compared to both the SDT and PDT monotreatments on both the cell lines in vitro. Overall, the combination treatments were better compared to the monotreatments. The activities of the Pcs were compared by their differences in structures, including the type of R-group, type of quaternizing agent and type of nanoparticle conjugates.
Making the personal political: understanding the impacts of participation in an anti-rape protest for women who have experienced sexual violence
Authors:   , Barker Kim Elise
Published: April 2024

South Africa is recognised as a country with unusually high levels of rape and sexual violence. The majority of those who experience sexual violence do not acknowledge, disclose or report it, and do not access support. Many factors have been identified which can inhibit acknowledgement and disclosure. While silence is to be honoured as a chosen response, unwanted silencing is of concern. The annual Silent Protest at Rhodes University is a day-long anti-rape protest which draws attention to the attitudes and practices which silence victim-survivors, and enacts solidarity with victim-survivors of sexual violence. I conducted a three year “critically engaged, activist ethnography” with the community of Silent Protestors and organisers. My focus was on the stories that victim-survivors told about the impacts of participating in the protest. Changes in the research context allowed for a participatory action research cycle to be incorporated into the methodology. This offered an opportunity to implement and evaluate some changes suggested by my research contributors. My contributor’s narratives highlighted the ways in which as a society we position those who have been subjected to sexual violence in ways that are limited and limiting and which diminish victim-survivors’ sense of agency and value. This malignant positioning restricts the choices available to victim-survivors. The anticipation of being positioned in negative ways can inhibit victim-survivors from disclosing a violation and accessing care and justice. Participation in the Silent Protest seems to stand against some of the factors which inhibit acknowledgement and disclosure. Through their participation many women took up opportunities to share their story with at least one other person and to receive and offer care. Most described participation as having been beneficial and having helped them move towards living well again. The ways in which the Silent Protest positioned victim-survivors and the choices they were offered in relation to that positioning seemed to open up opportunities for thinking, feeling and acting in ways that they preferred. This suggests that interventions which mobilise both political resistance and mutual care hold promise for developing more accessible and effective services to those affected by sexual violence.
Rainfall–runoff modeling using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System considering soil moisture for the Damanganga basin
Authors: Kantharia Vrushti , Mehta Darshan , Kumar Vijendra , Shaikh Mohamedmaroof P. , Jha Shivendra
Published: April 2024

Rainfall is the major component of the hydrologic cycle and it is the primary source of runoff. The main purpose of this study was to estimate daily discharge by employing an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model using rainfall and soil moisture data at three different depths (5 cm, 100 cm and bedrock) for the Damanganga basin. The length of the data for the study period 1983–2022 is 39 years. The model employed nine membership functions for each variable of soil moisture, rainfall, discharge and 30 rules were optimized. The results were compared considering a range of model performance indicators as correlation coefficient (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficient. The model application results shows that soil moisture at bedrock gives more precise value of daily discharge with (R2) and NSE value as 0.9936 and 0.9981, respectively, as compared to the soil moisture at depths of 5 and 100 cm. The better results obtained for the measurement of soil moisture in the deeper soil layer are consistent with the hydrological behavior anticipated for the analyzed catchment, where the root-zone soil layer is the driver of the runoff response rather than the surface observations. This study can be helpful to hydrologists in selecting appropriate rainfall–runoff models.
The Recent Advances in the Function and Mechanism of Caveolin-1 in
Retinal Neovascularization
Authors: Zhang Rui , Dang Yalong
Published: April 2024

Retinal neovascularization diseases have relatively high rates of evitable blindness. Abnormal
retinal neovascularization is their main hallmark, which can damage the structure and function
of the eye and lead to impaired vision. Caveolin-1 is a membrane protein that is expressed in
many types of retinal cells and is involved in retinal neovascularization. This review presents a
comprehensive analysis of global research on specific functions of caveolin-1 in retinal neovascularization.
We believe that the mechanism of action of caveolin-1 might be related to the regulation
of relevant signal pathways and looked ahead the application prospects of modulating caveolin-
1 in retinal neovascularization diseases.
Therapeutic Effects of Cortex Phellodendri, Epimedium brevicornu, and Earthworm on Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Mice
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Cui Xingxing , Bibi Jannat , Akhtar Muhammad Furqan , Ahmad Muhammad Zia , Ayuba Abdullahi , Khan Muhammad Mohsin , Madni Asadullah , Xiaohui Zhou
Published: April 2024

Background:

The use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of chronic
prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is widespread. The purpose of this study is to
investigate the preliminary mechanism of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim., Cortex Phellodendri
Chinesis (CPC), and Earthworm in the CP/CPPS model.

Methods:

Fifty C57BL/6 male mice were randomized into five groups: control, model, Epimedium
brevicornu Maxim, Earthworm, and Cortex Phellodendri chinensis (CPC). To induce experimental
autoimmune prostatitis (EAP), T2 peptide immune emulsion was subcutaneously injected into all
groups except the control group on days 0 and 14 to induce experimental autoimmune prostatitis.
Except for the control and model groups, all other groups were treated with Epimedium brevicornu
Maxim., CPC, and earthworm after the successful induction of EAP.

Results:

On days 1, 28, and 56, the micturition habits and pain sensitivity of rodents in each group
were evaluated. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine prostate inflammation,
whereas enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum level of tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF). The Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. group significantly reduced the
number of urine spots and frequency of pain response compared to the model group. Epimedium
brevicornu Maxim. group and CPC group significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and
inflammatory lesions more than Earthworm groups. The serum levels of TNF-α were substantially
reduced in the Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. and CPC groups compared to the model group.

Conclusion:

Our findings showed that Epimedium brevicornu Maxim outperformed CPC and
Earthworm for EAP treatment, which relieves urinary tract symptoms, enhances pain threshold, and
lowers inflammation.
Protective Effect of Salvia cadmica on Fibroblast Cells from
t-bhp-induced Oxidative Damage
Authors: Hepokur Ceylan , Misir Sema , Cicek Mehmet , Habtemariam Solomon , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: April 2024

Background::

Salvia species known as "Sage" are among the important aromatic
plants used in the world. This study, it was investigated the antioxidant capacity of Salvia
cadmica and to investigate its protective effect on oxidative damage in t-BHP-induced fibroblast
cells.

Methods::

Antioxidant activity and phenolic characterization of the extract were evaluated using
DPPH, TPC, TFC, FRAP, and HPLC, respectively.TAS, TOS, MDA and 8-oxo-guanine,
CAT, SOD, and GPx values were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The antiproliferative and apoptosis effects of Salvia cadmica ethanolic extract were determined
using XTT assay and fluorescent probes in fibroblast cells.

Results::

As a result of GC-MS analysis of Salvia cadmica ethanolic extract, carvacrol content
was found to be high. The IC50 value of the DPPH antioxidant assay of the Salvia cadmica ethanolic
extract was 80 ± 0.51 μg/mL. TPC, TFC, and FRAP values were found to be 18.25 ±
0.64 (mg gallic acid/g powder), 1.691±0.314 (mg quercetin /g powder), 31.5 ± 0.10 (mg
Trolox/g powder), respectively. Total antioxidant and TOS values were found to be
0.383±0.033 (mmol Trolox Equ L-1), 16.31±0.71 (μmol H2O2 L-1) for 0.25 mg/mL, and
0.725±0.05 (mmol Trolox Equ L-1), 12.02 ±0.56 (μmol H2O2 L-1) for 0.5 mg/mL. In addition,
while CAT and GPx significantly decreased enzyme activities, no significant change was observed
in SOD enzyme activity. Ethanolic Salvia cadmica extract exhibited apoptotic features
compared to only the t-BHP group.

Conclusion::

These results suggest that Salvica cadmica extract works through a free radical
mechanism.
Towards a Conceptual Framework for Sustainable Tourism Governance: A literature review
Authors: Ginting Nurlisa , Gardiner Sarah Janet , Rahman Nurinayat Vinky , Saragih Sarah Nurdini
Published: April 2024

Proactive, inclusive, and ethical tourism requires good governance and is a crucial component of sustainable tourism development. This paper addresses this literature vacuum and provides a sustainable tourism governance paradigm. The PRISMA method is applied to choosing a suitable paper for the literature review. Taylor & Francis, Sage Publication, Science Direct, and Google Scholar provide four literature selections. The study proposes sustainable tourist governance improvements. The framework has three layers: destination management, stakeholder interaction, and adaptability to pressure and changes. This study advances sustainable tourism governance initiative research.
Evaluation of the e–Mental Health Intervention Make It Training From Patients' Perspectives: Qualitative Analysis Within the Reduct Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Krakowczyk Julia Barbara , Truijens Femke , Teufel Martin , Lalgi Tania , Heinen Jana , Schug Caterina , Erim Yesim , Pantförder Michael , Graf Johanna , Bäuerle Alexander
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Make It Training is an e–mental health intervention designed for individuals with cancer that aims to reduce psychological distress and improve disease-related coping and quality of life.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated the experienced usefulness and usability of the web-based Make It Training intervention using a qualitative approach.

METHODS

In this study, semistructured interviews were conducted with participants at different cancer stages and with different cancer entities. All participants had previously taken part in the Reduct trial, a randomized controlled trial that assessed the efficacy of the Make It Training intervention. The data were coded deductively by 2 independent researchers and analyzed iteratively using thematic codebook analysis.

RESULTS

Analysis of experienced usefulness resulted in 4 themes (developing coping strategies to reduce psychological distress, improvement in quality of life, Make It Training vs traditional psychotherapy, and integration into daily life) with 11 subthemes. Analysis of experienced usability resulted in 3 themes (efficiency and accessibility, user-friendliness, and recommendations to design the Make It Training intervention to be more appealing) with 6 subthemes. Make It Training was evaluated as a user-friendly intervention helpful for developing functional coping strategies to reduce psychological distress and improve quality of life. The consensus regarding Make It Training was that it was described as a daily companion that integrates well into daily life and that it has the potential to be routinely implemented within oncological health care either as a stand-alone intervention or in addition to psychotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS

e–Mental health interventions such as Make It Training can target both the prevention of mental health issues and health promotion. Moreover, they offer a cost-efficient and low-threshold option to receive psycho-oncological support.
Role of ESG Investment on Firm's Performance: An Empirical Study of Experts' Opinion
Authors: Agrawal Saksham
Published: April 2024

The performance of Indian enterprises has been considerably impacted by investments in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG). Businesses may increase their sustainability and resilience and draw in more investors by incorporating ESG concepts into their operations. Responsible business practices are encouraged by ESG standards and frequently lead to lower operational risks, better brand recognition, and higher long-term profitability. As investors place a higher value on ethical and sustainable investments, Indian companies that embrace ESG aspects typically show greater financial success. Additionally, following ESG guidelines in India promotes credibility and trust among stakeholders by being in line with societal norms and legislative changes. This proactive strategy not only reduces the negative effects on the environment and society, but it also increases investor trust, which may minimize these companies' cost of capital. To put it simply, ESG investments in India have propelled businesses forward by providing not only monetary gains but also a constructive influence on the environment and society, which in turn drives continued expansion and market competitiveness. Study survey was conducted among 193 experts from financial and investment sector to know their opinion regarding the role of ESG investment and its impact on Firm's Performance and conclude that there is significant impact of ESG investment on performance of a firm.
Navigating Engagement with Iran: Exploring US Strategies and Options: A Futuristic Scenario and Review
Authors: Fiedler Radoslaw , Dehnavi Ellias Aghili
Published: April 2024

Although Iran is not at the level of power of China or Russia, it is considered a complex actor for the United States. The logic of the US policy towards Iran includes things such as gradually weakening Iran, preventing the increase of national financial resources, prohibiting foreign investment, postponing national development, intensifying inefficiencies, etc. Nevertheless, there are many challenges regarding the implementation of US policies to confront Iran. In this study, some of the most important of them include challenges related to Iran's nuclear programs, challenges related to the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East and issues related to Iran with the involvement of Russia and China, as well as challenges related to proxy war of Hamas-Israel and Iran's role in it will be examined.
Diplomatic Effectiveness in Addressing Transnational Issues and Promoting Global Cooperation
Authors: Sheikh Suhail Ahmad
Published: April 2024

This research paper examines the effectiveness of diplomatic efforts in addressing transnational issues and promoting global cooperation. Transnational challenges such as climate change, terrorism, pandemics, migration, and cybersecurity transcend national boundaries, requiring collaborative responses and diplomatic engagements among states. The paper analyzes the diplomatic framework, including multilateral, bilateral, and track II diplomacy, and presents case studies of successful diplomatic initiatives such as the Paris Agreement on climate change and the Iran Nuclear Deal. Challenges faced by diplomatic efforts, including sovereignty concerns, geopolitical rivalries, and technological advancements, are explored alongside innovative diplomatic strategies like digital diplomacy, science diplomacy, and public-private partnerships. Lessons learned from past diplomatic engagements, such as dialogue, conflict resolution, multilateral cooperation, and inclusive stakeholder engagement, are highlighted as best practices for enhancing diplomatic effectiveness. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of strategic engagement, principled diplomacy, and collaborative approaches in addressing transnational challenges and promoting a stable, secure, and prosperous world. The research contributes to the understanding of diplomatic dynamics in international relations and provides insights into effective diplomatic strategies for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners.
Determinación de la Envolvente de Falla por Corte mediante el Ajuste con el Método Estadístico de Error en Variables a través de la Relación entre las Tensiones Principales
Authors: Zambrano Mendoza Orlando , Valko Peter P. , Russell James E.
Published: April 2024

El presente trabajo se fundamentó en el desarrollo de la representación paramétrica de la envolvente de falla a los círculos de Mohr en roca intacta, en función de las tensiones principales. En el método propuesto, las tensiones se ajustan utilizando el método estadístico EIV (error en las variables), el cual no hace distinciones artificiales entre las variables independientes y dependientes. Para complementar la transformación desde el plano de esfuerzos principales al plano de Mohr, se utilizó el método de Balmer mediante la aplicación del análisis algebraico computacional. Para ilustrar y verificar la aplicación de la metodología propuesta, se usó el bien documentado conjunto de datos coleccionados de trabajos previos de Pincus y Sheorey. Para probar las mejoras provistas por este método, se comparó la función objetivo calculada (minimizar la probabilidad de una decisión errónea) con la representación de la ecuación paramétrica obtenida, usando varios métodos de mínimos cuadrados. Se encontró que la metodología propuesta y la transformación del método de Balmer, tienen dos ventajas: i) simplifica el proceso de crear una envolvente de falla para aplicaciones prácticas, y ii) minimiza la posibilidad de un juicio erróneo durante las aplicaciones (como es indicar falla en un estado estable o viceversa).
Eficiencia de la Cloración como Proceso de Desinfección de Aguas Municipales Tratadas en un Sistema Biológico Combinado Anaeróbico-Aeróbico
Authors:   Universidad del Zulia, Angulo Cubillán Nancy Elena , Dávila Salcedo Yesenia Del Carmen , Araujo Ismenia ,   Universidad del Zulia, Marín Julio ,   Universidad del Zulia
Published: April 2024

En vista de los problemas que enfrenta la humanidad debido a la escasez de agua, la reutilización de aguas residuales tratadas surge como alternativa para disponer de agua para diversos usos. En esta investigación se evaluó la eficiencia de la desinfección con cloro en aguas residuales municipales tratadas por un sistema biológico combinado anaeróbico-aeróbico. Para ello, se aplicaron seis tratamientos diferentes (T), considerando el tiempo de contacto (20 y 30 min) y la dosis (10, 30 y 40 mg/l). La densidad de bacterias coliformes totales (BCT) y fecales (BCF) en el agua tratada fue de 2,8x108 NMP/100 ml, para ambos parámetros, lográndose una disminución hasta 4,10x103; 3,00x102 y 2,40x102 NMP/100 ml para BCT y hasta 2,10x101; 2,20x102 y 2,30x102 NMP/100 ml para BCF, con los tratamientos T4 (30 mg/l y 30 min), T5 (40 mg/l y 20 min) y T6 (40 mg/l y 30 min), respectivamente, para remociones superiores al 99,9%. Estos niveles de bacterias cumplen con los límites permisibles de la normativa nacional para aguas destinadas al riego de cualquier tipo de cultivo (excepto vegetales para consumo humano) y uso pecuario. Los procesos de desinfección con cloro son una alternativa eficiente en el acondicionamiento de aguas residuales tratadas.
Enhancing Teacher Professional Development: Strategies, Challenges, and Impacts on Instructional Practice and Student Learning Outcomes: A Review of Research Literature
Authors: Juma Ahmad Asad
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Teacher professional development (PD) is widely acknowledged as a critical component in enhancing educational outcomes and improving student achievement. This study provides a comprehensive review of the importance of teacher professional development, focusing on its impact on teacher effectiveness, instructional quality, and student learning outcomes. Drawing on a synthesis of empirical research, theoretical frameworks, and best practices, this paper highlights the multifaceted benefits of continuous teacher PD, examines key factors influencing its effectiveness, and identifies promising approaches for supporting teachers' ongoing growth and development. The findings underscore the significance of investing in high-quality PD initiatives to cultivate a skilled and motivated teaching workforce capable of meeting the diverse needs of 21st-century learners.
ShieldedLink Application: A Comprehensive Mobile Security Solution
Authors: Reddy Reddyvari Venkateswara
Published: April 2024

Abstract: ShieldedLink Application is a robust DNS resolver and firewall solution designed to prioritize speed, security, privacy, and configurability. Operating across over 300 global locations within Cloudflare's data centers, it offers end-to-end median latency as low as 30ms, ensuring swift resolution of domain names to IP addresses. Security is ensured through exclusive response over TLS, safeguarding user data from potential surveillance and DNS manipulation attacks. Each user benefits from a dedicated endpoint, guaranteeing privacy akin to a personalized resolver setup. Transparency is facilitated with optional peruser logs for analytics and reporting. Additionally, users enjoy configurability through preset blocklists, empowering them to define firewall rules based on their preferences. Complemented by the ShieldedLink Application companion app for Android, users can further enhance their security by implementing granular app blocking rules, including blocking by category, app activity, or device status.
A Study on the Impact of Covid 19 on Tea Plantation Sector in India
Authors: V U Nimmy , L Dr Rani
Published: April 2024

Abstract: COVID-19 has had a significant impact on tea farmers all around the world, owing to national lockdowns and social distancing measures. The tea market is experiencing uncertainty as a result of export and import limitations, and growers are adopting emergency steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in tea communities. In March and April, India, the world's secondlargest tea grower, imposed tight lockdown measures that halted all agricultural activity for several weeks. Tea gardens and small tea growers have just resumed tea production and export, however the lockout has had a substantial impact on tea producers and smallholder livelihoods. This paper tries to examine the impact of COVID 19 on tea plantation sector in India.
Crowd Analysis and Tracking for Individual Rescue Operation Using Machine Learning
Authors: Janardhanan Y.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Crowd management and rescue operations in densely populated areas pose a significant challenge, particularly in the context of identifying and aiding individuals in distress. By harnessing machine learning, our approach continuously analyzes specific crowd segments, focusing on tracking various hand gestures and their corresponding actions. This data-driven system enables swift gesture recognition and provision of essential support to individuals in need within these defined crowd areas. The paper presents the methodology, experimental results, and future directions for this innovative approach, which holds significant potential for enhancing public safety and optimizing emergency responses in high-density settings
Strategic Perspectives on Cyber Threat Intelligence: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Janoti Nikhlesh Singh , Rohan  , Rida  , Negi Neerja
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In the contemporary digital landscape, Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI)has emerged as an indispensable element. Both organizations and individuals encounter persistent cyber threats from malicious actors seeking to compromise network security and pilfer essential information. This study delves into the prominent challenges of CTI, particularly focusing on Malware and other cyber- attacks, while elucidating the role of data mining within the CTI framework. By leveraging Cyber Threat Intelligence, entities can amass pertinent information pertaining to cyber-attacks. This paper succinctly outlines the intricacies of CTI,addresses associated challenges, and offers insights into the realm of Cyber Threat Intelligence concerning malware and data mining. The primary objective of this paper is to disseminate knowledge for safeguarding the digital realm against cyber threats, shedding light on effective defense strategies againstmalware and the optimal utilization of mining techniques
Rejection Sensitivity, Adult Self-Expression, and Life Satisfaction in Single Child
Authors: Hasana Lamyah
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to assess the role of rejection sensitivity, adult self-expression and life satisfaction in single child. The study also assesses whether there is significant relationship between rejection sensitivity, self-expression, and life satisfaction and also assess if there is any significant difference in gender with respect to rejection sensitivity, selfexpression, and life satisfaction. A sample of 152 single child young adults aged between 18-26 years participated in the study. The Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire-Adult Version (A-RSQ) by Downey, Berenson and Kang, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener, Emmons, Larsen and Griffin and Adult Self-Expression Scale (ASES) by Melvin L. Gay, James G. Hollandsworth and John P. Galassi were used to measure the variables in the study. The data were statistically analyzed using the independent sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. According to the results, all the variables are correlated to each other and rejection sensitivity, self-expression, and life satisfaction does not significantly differ based on gender.
Quality of Work life, Psychological Empowerment and Organizational Commitment among Public Health Care Workers
Authors: Mathew Shekinah Ann
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study aims to understand the relationship between Quality of Work life, Psychological Empowerment and Organizational Commitment among Public health care workers. The main objectives of this study is to examine the relationship between quality of work life and organizational commitment among public health care workers and to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational commitment among public health care workers. A total of 170 healthcare workers participated in this study. Convenience sampling technique was used to draw the sample from the population. The data was analyzed using Karl Pearson’s correlation method. The findings of this study indicated that there is a significant relationship between organizational commitment, psychological empowerment and quality of work like among healthcare workers.
Meaning and Sense of the Case Form in the Systemic-Linguistic Perspective
Authors: Rybakov Mikhail A.
Published: April 2024

The question of the relationship between meaning and sense has repeatedly become the subject of both - linguistic and philosophical discussions, because of the difference in conceptual approaches, and as a typical in the history of science result of the synonymous use of these terms in some works and differentiated use in others. The systemic linguistics has drawn attention to the accuracy of linguistic terminology and the value of precisely differentiated use of synonymous terms. The relevance of the undertaken study is determined by the significance of this problem for the further development of the linguistic theory, semiotics, and semantics. The problem of meaning and sense in relation to the sign was generally discussed in the works of G. Frege and representatives of the analytical philosophy of the 20th century (R. Carnap, G. Ryle, W. Quine). The issue of the meaning of a sign as an element of a linguistic (or any other semiotic) system was firstly brought to the fore by F. de Saussure. It was the subject of active discussion in Russian linguistics - in the 19th century in the works of A.A. Potebnya, I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, in the 20th century - in the works of V.A. Zvegintsev, A.F. Losev, Ju.M. Lotman, V.M. Solntsev, Ju.S. Stepanov. In relation to grammar, the issue of meaning and sense was posed much less frequently; its detailed analysis is available in the systemic linguistics of G.P. Melnikov, and the functional grammar of A.V. Bondarko. The purpose is to study the possibilities of using the terms “meaning” and “sense”, consistently distinguished in systemic linguistics referring to the linguistic sign, for a particular case - the analysis of the semantics of case forms as a specific type of grammatical signs.
The Problem of Semantic Shift in Modern Russian: Corpus Research on the Example of a News Media Discourse
Authors: Belyakov Mikhail V. , Maksimenko Olga I.
Published: April 2024

This study discusses the issue of semantic shifts observed in high-frequency words, such as discourse, paradigm, narrative , in the news media discourse in the Russian language. It is shown that one of the effective methods of research is corpus analysis, for which an author’s corpus was created based on a random sample of texts of news articles published on the portal of the state news agency RIA Novosti over 2020-2023. Dynamic processes in the semantics of the analyzed highfrequency words were studied on the material of the National Corpus of the Russian language for the period 2000-2019. When considering the results obtained by the corpus analysis method, it was found out that, being initially the linguistic term, “narrative” turned into a functional proforma as a result of a semantic shift that occurred due to the diversity of newly acquired meanings, i.e. there was a modification of the original meaning of the word ‘ story, narration’ , which made the world into the universal one. The classical meaning of the word ‘ paradigm’ , characteristic of linguistics, is not represented in journalism, in the news media discourse it has been given other connotations such as scheme, model, idea, situation , which have moved into the core, nuclear area from the position of the near periphery. Some values are unique, so they have a small frequency (ipm). The interdisciplinary term “discourse” has turned into a term with vague semantics, but, unlike “narrative”, it is not a universal professional form, although it denotes processes occurring in various social spheres. It is shown that the semantic shift is not identical to the increase in the meaning of the word and is not determined strictly contextually. It is necessary to distinguish between the concept of semantic shift and the appearance of new meanings of the word, since the former is fixed in non-standard contexts and the demonstrated meaning cannot be clearly defined. In the course of the study, it was possible to establish that not all semantic shifts should be classified as erroneous, since it depends on the sphere in which the shift was detected. The use of the considered words in a different meaning is not profane, since the mobility of the lexical level of the language leads to transformations in speech and media discourse, allowing the appearance of texts stylistically close to the spoken style. Thus, we have identified and confirmed quantitatively the process of transformation of the words selected for analysis into pro-forms used as substitutes for a wide range of concepts.
Visual Metaphors in Pedagogical Discourse
Authors: Chulkina Nina L. , Makashova Victoria V.
Published: April 2024

A visual metaphor is an image that allows you convey the meaning that escapes during verbal representation, as well as to enhance the impact of the message. It is for this reason that visual metaphor occupies a special place in pedagogical discourse. The explanation of unknown concepts and phenomena by referring to the formed units of knowledge presented figuratively is a necessary stage of cognition of reality. Visual metaphorization of complexly organized aggregates of objects and phenomena of the surrounding world facilitates their perception, thereby representing their essence in a visual and accessible form. The basis of the visual metaphor is the similarity in function, purpose, shape, color, size. A number of scientific papers are devoted to the methodology of analyzing individual verbal metaphors. At the same time, the visual metaphors used by the teacher to explain the transmitted educational information have not been practically investigated. This provision determines the relevance of the research. The target of the study is to study the specifics of visual metaphorization in pedagogical discourse. As part of the educational process, visual metaphors are embodied in the form of mind maps, mood boards, singular metaphorical references that explicate an Abstract idea in a system of images formed during the development of curricula and personal subjective experience. It is established that the use of these methods of visualization of theoretical material, built on the basis of a given visual metaphor, contribute to the structuring and memorization of educational information, the development of creative and cognitive potential. A visual metaphor acts as a vector for analyzing a problem situation: the creative process of interpreting a visual image leads to the identification of a logical relationship between the images, revealing the nature of the object or phenomenon being studied, as well as the formation of creative thinking of students.
The Interconnection of Substance, Structure and Function in High Systemicity Texts
Authors: Valentinova Olga I.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the texts substance properties, to identify the features of its relationship with text structure and function and also to prove that the exclusion of substance as the most important, but not obvious for the current state of science, aspect of the system leading to semiotic distortion which cannot be improved. The study was carried out on the material of texts of different etiologies - religious and artistic, united by a functionally determined ultra-high degree of their levels consistency. The relevance of the work is determined by its significance in the development of a systematic method, the formation of the methodological foundations of systemic philology and the semiotics of culture. The systemic linguistics ideas developed in the works of W. von Humboldt, A.A. Potebnya, I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay, I.I. Sreznevsky, G.P. Melnikov, and the systemology developed by philosophers (K.F. Samokhvalov, G.P. Shchedrovitsky) and representatives of the natural and exact sciences (P.K. Anokhin, V.A. Engelgardt, L.V. Krushinsky, R.O. Bartini) did not have a direct impact on the systematic research of texts. Awareness of the significance of substance in the understanding of highly systemic texts begins to take shape in the exegesis and philosophy of art. Philology, focusing its interest mainly on fiction texts, contributes to the development of a systematic method with the emergence and development of ideas about the text dominant (yu.N. Tynyanov, R.O. yakobson), the diversity of its units (y. Mukarzhovsky), the discovery of the author’s image supercategory (V.V. Vinogradov), the identification of the method of estrangement (V.B. Shklovsky) and the universalization of it as a principle of assimilation of reality (V.B. Shklovsky, L.A. Novikov, M.L. Novikova). The comparison of different nature texts substance properties - against the background of the properties of the substance of language - allows us significantly refines the text substance understanding as the extreemly important system aspect.