bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Painted Nails Increase Bacterial Transmission in Healthcare Environments? A Literature Review
Authors: Brudniak Katarzyna , Garbino Karolina , Czyczerska Magdalena , Szuścik Antoni , Gadżała Katarzyna , Przygodzka Sabina , Mach Maciej , Rutkiewicz Maciej
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) continue to be a significant global concern, leading to increased patient morbidity, prolonged hospitalizations, and elevated healthcare costs. Hand hygiene remains the most critical part of infection prevention, however the use of nail polish and artificial nails has raised questions regarding their possible contribution to bacterial transmission.
Aim of study :The aim of this study is to collect and examine whether painted nails significantly influence bacterial spread in healthcare settings, focusing on nail surface properties, hand hygiene practices and existing guidelines.
Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted with PubMed and other medical databases using appropriate keywords. Data from clinical trials and reviews were analyzed.
Conclusions: Intact nail polish does not pose a significant risk for bacterial transmission in healthcare environments when proper hand hygiene protocols are followed. Emphasis should remain on keeping short, clean nails and adhering to strict hand hygiene practices to reduce  healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
Keywords: nail polish, hand hygiene, healthcare-associated infections, articial fingernails in a hospital environment
Treatment with monoclonal antibodies in cancer - efficacy and prospects
Authors: Omasta Bartosz , Kamińska-Omasta Katarzyna , Krupa Olga , Rybak Daria , Romańczuk Kuba Borys , Czerska Magdalena Agata , Pietrukaniec Paulina Dorota , Stolarczyk Szymon Przemysław , Wójcik Zofia Martyna , Furtak Kinga
Published: February 2025

Objective:
This review paper examines the effectiveness and prospects of monoclonal antibody therapies in oncology. The development of these therapies has revolutionized targeted cancer treatment due to the specificity and molecular precision of the antibodies. The article discusses their mechanisms of action, clinical applications and new trends, with a special focus on the role of personalized therapies.
Materials and Methods:
The review covers key studies on monoclonal antibody therapies, analyzing their mechanisms of action, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). The paper also considers the integration of these therapies with other treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Main results:
Monoclonal antibodies have shown high efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, including breast, ovarian and lung cancers, by targeting specific antigens such as HER2 and PD-1/PD-L1. Advances in bispecific antibodies, drug-antibody conjugates and personalized biomarkers are further improving treatment outcomes. Challenges such as resistance and side effects are being addressed through genetic engineering and innovative drug delivery systems.
Conclusions:
Monoclonal antibody therapies have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering precise and personalized therapeutic approaches. Further research into combination therapies and new antibody technologies promises to overcome current limitations and expand their therapeutic potential.
The Impact of a Sauna on Post-Exercise Recovery
Authors: Dębicki Filip , Grądalski Łukasz , Niemirka Szymon , Janiak Aleksandra , Dominiczak Kinga , Kopaczyńska Adrianna , Szafrańska Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Regeneration of the body after intense exercise is a key element necessary for the proper process of improving performance and achieving better results in strength training.  One of the most important issues in any athlete is the uninterrupted continuation of training and the most optimal regeneration of tissues and the body, which is essential for further improvement of skills and development in a given sport. There are a number of methods to support the repair processes of tissues and help the body fight injuries and micro-injuries that occur during exercise and are an indispensable part of building strength and muscle mass. An example that has recently become very popular in the sports environment is the use of saunas characterized by thermal properties, through which it is possible to influence physiological processes that accelerate the return to form and achieve better results in sports competitions. This form not only helps tissue regeneration, but also relaxes and calms the body, which is stimulated during sports and requires calming afterwards.
Resistant Bacteria vs. Public Health – A Review
Authors: Sienkiewicz Michał , Klimas Filip , Rusiński Kacper , Zatłoka-Mazur Dorota , Pawłowski Bartosz , Zięba Zuzanna , Potoczek Adriana , Pudełko Iwona
Published: February 2025

Currently, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and the global repercussions of this resistance are emerging as one of the most significant threats to public health. The global scope of the problem is discussed, with recent data showing that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes over a million fatalities annually, and projections suggest that this number will rise sharply by 2050. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of this issue, focusing on the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, its impact on public health and the economy, proposed strategies for addressing the problem, and potential alternative therapeutic approaches. This review is based on a thorough examination of current publications from the World Health Organization (WHO), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), and relevant scientific literature obtained from databases such as PubMed. The primary objective of this publication is to highlight the escalating nature of this problem and to promote education and awareness in this critical area of healthcare.
Depression in Athletes: From Etiology to Intervention
Authors: Spychalski Jan , Spychalska Maria
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Depression is the leading cause of ill health and disability worldwide.  It’s affecting approximately 280 million people across the globe with the highest rate between 20 and 40. It’s estimated that women are diagnosed twice as many times as men. Ethology is complex and multifactorial including genetic, psychological, social, endocrine, and immune factors, which results in abnormal biochemical changes and incorrect neurotransmission in the brain. Recent data points that physical activity reduces the risk of depression and its associated symptoms regardless of age or geographical location. 
Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to analyze the available literature to examine the prevalence of depression among athletes and the unique risk factors contributing to it.
Materials and methods: Comprehensive review of the literature available on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus database by searching the keywords “depression”, “depressive disorder”, “physical activity”, “sport”, “athletes “.
Results and conclusion: Athletes are just as susceptible to depression as the general population. However, many athletes hide their symptoms and do not seek help due to stigma, fears of career repercussions and concerns about being perceived as weak. Regular screening for early signs of depression and providing access to specialized psychological support during critical stages of their careers could significantly improve depression detection and facilitate timely intervention. Destigmatizing mental health problems in the sports community is crucial to solve detection, treatment and prevention problems of depression in athletes.
Bone tumors in children and adolescents in pediatric practice
Authors: Żybowska-Męczyńska Monika , Pawłowski Bartosz , Sienkiewicz Michał , Zatłoka-Mazur Dorota , Klimas Filip , Rusiński Kacper , Potoczek Adriana , Pudełko Iwona , Zięba Zuzanna , Szczepanik Natalia
Published: February 2025

Bone cancers in children are uncommon, making up approximately 5,5 % of all pediatric cancers. Childhood cancers are characterized by rapid development, and any delay in diagnosis can lead to serious consequences and even be life-threatening. The most common malignant tumors in key practice are: osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (EWS). OS and EWS in children and adolescents require integrated diagnostics and age-appropriate therapy to ensure the best possible treatment outcomes. In recent years, the survival rates of pediatric cancer patients have improved and, consequently, it is necessary to reduce the long-term, late effects of treatment in order to promote the reduction of the deterioration in quality of life caused by treatment and to ensure the best possible return to everyday life.
Code and Data Repository for Platelet Inventory Management with Approximate Dynamic Programming
Authors: Abouee-Mehrizi Hossein , Mirjalili Mahdi , Sarhangian Vahid
Published: February 2025

This repository provides the code and data requried to reproduce the results of the experiments and case study reported in Platelet Inventory Management with Approximate Dynamic Programming.
Aggressively quick: a case of negative radiographic evidence progressing to a large lobulated lung mass in six months
Authors: Alyassin Nizar , Zakharia Karam , Yusuf Mubarak , Prabhakar Laxminarayan , Ismail Medhat
Published: February 2025

We present the case of a 61-year-old male with a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who developed a rapidly growing lung mass after previously having no radiographic evidence of cancer 6 months earlier. The patient initially presented for what appeared to be a COPD exacerbation, and imaging at that time showed no sign of any lung mass. Six months later, the patient returned with dyspnea and was found to have a large lobulated lung mass, possibly extending into the mediastinum. Lung malignancies include small cell carcinomas and non-small cell carcinomas. In this case, the patient developed an indeterminate differentiation of a non-small cell carcinoma, which rapidly progressed from negative radiographic findings to a 9.7 cm mass at its largest dimension within 6 months.
Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria with coexisting BTD and CNGB1 genetic mutations: a first case report
Authors: Kaya Çağdaş , Heydari Ayli , Kızılay Oğuz , Kızılay Ozan , Sezgin Gülbüz
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (HEP) is an uncommon autosomal recessive disorder marked by deficiencies in enzymes involved in heme biosynthesis. This results in the build-up of porphyrins and their precursors. Here, we describe a case study of a 17-year-old male who has experienced symptoms of porphyria since early childhood. Case description: The patient exhibited initial symptoms of porphyria, including dark-coloured urine, abdominal pain, constipation and cutaneous lesions. Genetic testing at age 17 confirmed a homozygous mutation in the UROD gene, diagnosing HEP. Additional mutations in the CNGB1 and BTD genes contributed to retinitis pigmentosa and biotinidase deficiency, respectively. The patient also experienced complications such as thumb amputation and finger developmental anomalies. Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and multidisciplinary management required for patients with complex genetic profiles and rare porphyria subtypes such as HEP. Further research is essential to enhance understanding and treatment strategies for such intricate genetic conditions.
Smoking and Poverty: Empirical Study of Districts and Cities in Indonesia
Authors: Aditya Toni , Yuniarti Dini , Abdulkarim Fatima Muhammad
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence poverty in cities and districts in Indonesia. Using a case study of 514 cities and districts in Indonesia from 2018 to 2021, this study examines the effect of cigarettes and other factors on poverty in the country. The dependent variable in this study is the poverty rate, and the independent variables are as follows: cigarettes consumption, GRDP, average years of male schooling (RLSL) and average years of female schooling (RLSP). This study uses a panel data method which is a combination of time series and cross section, and is a type of quantitative research. The fixed effect model is the most appropriate model to adopt, according to the research findings. The research findings show that partially cigarettes have a significant positive effect on poverty. Meanwhile, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Average Years of Male Schooling (RLSL), and Average Years of Female Schooling (RLSP) do not affect poverty but tend to be positive. Simultaneously, the variables in the study, namely cigarettes, GRDP, IHPB, and IHPB together have a significant effect on poverty. Cigarettes absorb a large portion of household income that should be allocated to basic needs such as food, education, and health. As a result, household spending on basic needs is often reduced, which can reduce the quality of life and hinder opportunities to escape poverty. This can worsen poverty by reducing the allocation of funds for investment in basic needs and improving long-term welfare.
Determinants of Residential Property Price in Selected Asian Countries: A Sys-GMM Approach
Authors: Abasimi Ignatius , Nabila Alfira , Ramdhan Muhammad Arsy , Anam Muhammad Syariful
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the determinants of residential property prices in 13 selected Asian countries. Key variables include the residential property price index, GDP per capita reflecting economic conditions, real interest rates impacting borrowing costs, inflation affecting purchasing power), population growth influencing housing demand, energy consumption reflecting demand pressures, and the Gini Index measuring income inequality. The research employs the System Generalized Method of Moments (Sys-GMM) for dynamic analysis of these endogenous variables. The results indicate that property prices are significantly influenced by prior price levels. Furthermore, GDP per capita, inflation, and population growth positively affect property prices, underscoring the roles of economic growth and demographic factors in shaping the property market. Higher GDP growth enhances household purchasing power, while population growth increases housing demand. Conversely, energy consumption negatively impacts property prices, reflecting cost pressures from rising energy demand. Interestingly, the real interest rate and Gini index do not significantly influence residential property prices, suggesting these factors may not directly affect price dynamics in the studied countries. These findings emphasize the need for policies that support economic stability and sustainable growth to enhance property market competitiveness. Policymakers should prioritize energy efficiency and inclusive economic development to ensure long-term resilience in the property sector. Sustainable economic policies are essential to strengthen the region's property market and effectively manage growing energy demands.
PRIMEIROS PASSOS NA DOCÊNCIA
Authors: Ribeiro Anacleto da Silva Vitor Hugo
Published: February 2025

O presente relato visa descrever as primeiras experiências como docente na educação básica em uma escola pública de Minas Gerais, destacando os desafios enfrentados durante a iniciação de carreira durante o ano de 2023. Por meio da ancoragem na literatura e da narração científica do Relato de Experiência na ótica de Daltro e Faria (2019), esse trabalho propõe a discutir e refletir a formação docente, a dicotomia entre teoria e prática nas propostas curriculares no regime de ensino integral e a influência dos aspectos sociais e econômicos no ambiente escolar, fornecidos através da narrativa de memória e por um locus enunciativo de um professor em início de carreira. Tal vivência ainda visa analisar, refletir e tecer as experiências que contribuem para um debate a respeito da formação docente e a complexidade do currículo de ensino médio integral, o bem-estar docente e os aspectos sociais e econômicos dos alunos como um fator a ser considerado no dia a dia pedagógico.
EDUCAÇÃO E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: SILVA COSTA LEANDRO , Lopes Soares Silva Lenina , Castro Santos Pablo , Karinne de Moura Saraiva Ana
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, reflete-se sobre a utilização de inteligência artificial (IA) no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, visando contribuir com o debate crítico acerca do tema IA e educação. Objetiva-se, assim, mapear artigos encontrados na produção científica brasileira sobre a temática no sentido de elencar as principais proposições necessárias ao uso da IA no contexto da Educação privilegiando a abordagem crítica sobre o tema. Para isso, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica para fundamentar a análise e a investigação do tipo estado do conhecimento para o levantamento das proposições. Elencam-se oito proposições sobre o uso da IA na educação, considerando-se uma abordagem crítica, e conclui-se que a IA como imposição tecnológica é um convite para inovar e reafirmar os processos educacionais, bem como uma oportunidade de exercitarmos a ética e os valores humanos de forma responsável na construção de algo novo, posto que no contexto atual há, de certa forma, a impossibilidade se construir conhecimentos sem usufruir de suas possibilidades.
INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL GENERATIVA (IAG) E EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA: POSSIBILIDADES EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Castellanos Aguirre Uriel José
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre os limites e as potencialidades da Inteligência Artificial Generativa (IAG) na prática pedagógica para a inserção nos processos educacionais contemporâneos. Para isso, foi adotada como suporte teórico-metodológico a Insubordinação Criativa que valoriza os sujeitos e suas narrativas como elementos centrais no desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas. Essa abordagem fortalece e demonstra grande utilidade, proporcionando maior rigor às reflexões realizadas na pesquisa. Sendo assim, a pesquisa conclui que propor atividades com o uso da IAG é uma tarefa complexa, pois apresenta ausências materiais e na formação de professores, além das problemáticas como a coleta e o uso de grandes quantidades de dados, dataficação, ética, falta de transparência, alucinações, falta de regulamentação e as perspectivas apocalípticas e integradoras, causando um espaço de caos e incertezas. No entanto, torna-se imprescindível explorar esse universo em expansão, dadas as suas possibilidades de potencializar o papel do professor/pesquisador como autor de seus próprios materiais educacionais, proporcionando, assim, autonomia no momento do planejamento, desenvolvimento e execução, além de reforçar a importância da interação com essas tecnologias, a fim de incentivar diferentes a(u)torias, capazes de desconstruir e reconstruir práticas educacionais com base em narrativas mais autênticas e inovadoras.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E SUAS POÉTICAS
Authors: Butzke Ítalo , Regina de Oliveira Camargo Andréia
Published: February 2025

Uma das funções iniciais das escolas era preparar as crianças para a vida laboral, por isso, comumente seguiam um processo de aprendizagem com início, meio e fim, com o intuito de entregar um produto ao final dos ciclos, que por vezes não era pensado pelas crianças. Essa cronologia adultocêntrica e mercadológica também não respeitava o tempo e a especificidade dos bebês e crianças, pois impunha a visão do adulto, com suas verdades e realidade, fornecendo uma educação pronta, por meio da prática bancária (FREIRE, 2019). Em um fluxo reflexivo, fizemos um estudo de caso, a partir de um relato do projeto investigativo realizado com os/as bebês (1 e 2 anos) de uma escola federal, localizada no centro da cidade de São Paulo. Para isso,  dialogamos com Salles (1998; 2017), Welfort (2003) e demais autoras/es que refletem e relatam experiências nas escolas italianas da região de Reggio Emilia, nos debruçamos nos projetos poéticos investigativos, termo que pretendemos cunhar neste artigo, e nos percursos criativos na Educação Infantil, com a seguinte pergunta motriz: o que estamos fazendo, criando e construindo na escola da primeira infância? Além disso, expomos nossas inquietações e reflexões em torno do tema. Vale dizer, no entanto, que não pretendemos entregar conclusões para tal pergunta, mas manter o fluxo dessas reflexões.
EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR E DESAFIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS NA PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: De Almeida Adriana , Gomes da Cruz Andréia
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a inteligência artificial na produção do conhecimento da Educação Superior como parâmetro de escrita à contrapelo da pesquisa autoral. A partir da revisão de literatura, buscamos compreender as dificuldades e as possibilidades de trabalho; a análise do capitalismo acadêmico à luz da intensificação da produção de artigos; a problematização da produção do conhecimento e da qualidade da educação. Com a intensificação do debate acadêmico acerca dos usos e das apropriações da inteligência artificial na produção do conhecimento, observa-se uma ampliação das reflexões sobre o tema, sobre a complexidade do uso ou mesmo abuso no âmbito da pesquisa acadêmica. Realiza-se, nesta pesquisa, uma abordagem teórica acerca do tema por meio de autores que se utilizam dos conceitos produção do conhecimento e capitalismo acadêmico. Nesse sentido, entendemos a necessidade de financiamento para pesquisas que tenham como objetivo a inteligência artificial, a produção do conhecimento e seus efeitos éticos nas ciências humanas
IMORTALIDADE DIGITAL DE PERSONALIDADES EDUCACIONAIS: UMA ANÁLISE DA INTERSEÇÃO ENTRE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Castro Michele Marta Moraes Castro Moraes , Maciel Cristiano
Published: February 2025

A imortalidade digital refere-se ao uso de inteligência artificial (IA) para criar representações digitais de indivíduos falecidos. Essa tecnologia permite a clonagem da imagem e da voz de personalidades educacionais, possibilitando sua utilização em sala de aula. Nesse contexto, o artigo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento de sete representações digitais de personalidades educacionais falecidas, e através do qual, buscou-se analisar como essas representações podem influenciar o ambiente educacional. Os resultados e discussões foram amparados por um caminho metodológico que combinou análise documental e revisão bibliográfica de autores como Beppu et al. (2021), Galvão et al. (2021), Gere (2008), Kovács (2021), Lévy (1999), Trevisan (2024), Vygotsky (1996, 1998) e Zuin e Zuin (2020). As análises e reflexões realizadas constataram que, embora a imortalidade digital possa enriquecer o aprendizado com novas formas de interação e engajamento, surgem paralelamente as seguintes implicações: 1) éticas; 2) pedagógicas. 3) humanas e 4) tecnológicas, que precisam ser abordadas. Concluiu-se que a regulamentação da IA é necessária para garantir que essas implicações sejam devidamente consideradas e que instituições educacionais devem desenvolver políticas que promovam interações humanas significativas. Este artigo contribui para a construção de diretrizes que assegurem a integridade das representações digitais e o respeito à memória das personalidades educacionais.
ESCREVIVÊNCIAS DE RESISTÊNCIA: INTERSECCIONALIDADE E NECROPOLÍTICA NO CONTO 'MARIA', DA COLETÂNEA OLHOS D’ÁGUA, DE CONCEIÇÃO EVARISTO
Authors: Dias de Menezes Marcos Vinícius , Soares Gomes Anderson
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do conto Maria, da coletânea Olhos D’água (2014), de Conceição Evaristo, derivada do projeto de monografia A Interseccionalidade e a Docência Literária em Três Contos de Olhos D’Água, de Conceição Evaristo. A pesquisa articula reflexões teóricas e interpretações pessoais dos autores e dos participantes do clube de leitura online Escrevivências Ciberfeministas. O estudo examina como o conto Maria evidencia as dinâmicas de resistência e marginalização das mulheres negras no Brasil, a partir dos marcadores interseccionais de gênero, raça e classe. Os conceitos de interseccionalidade (Crenshaw, Akotirene) e de necropolítica (Mbembe), são centrais para compreender como diferentes opressões se cruzam, tornando certas vidas mais vulneráveis à violência e ao abandono. Essa lógica se manifesta na trajetória da protagonista, evidenciando a criminalização dos corpos negros, a exploração e a exclusão naturalizadas pela sociedade. Além de destacar a potência da escrita de Conceição Evaristo na denúncia das desigualdades e na valorização da resistência e da identidade negra, a pesquisa enfatiza o clube de leitura como espaço essencial de debate crítico e pertencimento. A troca coletiva entre os leitores amplia as possibilidades de interpretação e engajamento com a obra, reafirmando a literatura como instrumento de luta e conscientização social.
Optimistic value based optimization problem for investment and consumption with bankruptcy
Authors: Fan Zongzhen , Zhu Yuanguo
Published: February 2025

The investment and consumption problem is an important branch of portfolio theory, focusing on how to achieve a dynamic balance between investment and consumption to optimize wealth and utility. Considering the significant impact that extreme scenarios may have on the investment-consumption problem, this paper constructs an optimistic value model under uncertain environments and provides an analytical solution for the optimal investment strategy and consumption rate. Furthermore, the paper explores how to adjust investment and consumption behavior under bankruptcy constraints to maximize an objection function and provides numerical solutions. An empirical analysis ensures that the proposed model and method are effective and realistic.
Research on health education and health promotion during the process of schistosomiasis elimination II Awareness among university students in endemic regions
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xie Shuying , Xie Huiqun , Li Yifeng , Ge Jun , Chen Junjiang , Wu Jun , Hu Fei
Published: February 2025

In China, health education served as the primary method for controlling schistosomiasis and had significantly contributed to the management of schistosomiasis epidemics. In contrast, university students who lived/studied in schistosomiasis-endemic areas were often in the risk zone for schistosomiasis infection as part of their social practice and leisure activities. Thus, the risk of schistosomiasis transmission remained widespread and chronic. This study will conduct a survey and analyzed schistosomiasis awareness among university students in colleges and universities in endemic areas. The aim was to optimize intervention strategies once transmission had been interrupted. Students from two colleges and universities in the city of Gongqingcheng on Lake Poyang were selected and asked to complete a questionnaire via the online platform Questionnaire Star- The survey assessed exposure to snail-infested water, knowledge about schistosomiasis, and preferences for health education methods among students who had traveled to snail breeding areas. The survey took place from April 2 to April 4, 2024. The survey results showed that of the 4,847 respondents (49% male, 51% female), 53.8% reported exposure to snail-infested environments near their schools, and 38.4% had direct contact with snail-infested water. Of these, with those who dug for wild vegetables exposed significantly more nonendemic than endemic students to snail water (13.93% vs. 8.42%, χ2 = 16.681, P = 0.000). Awareness of schistosomiasis was low (31.08%), with limited knowledge about transmission (30.58%) and symptoms (42.91%). Of these, students from endemic areas were significantly more aware of transmission and symptoms than those from nonendemic areas (36.52% vs. 27.22%, χ2 = 7.623, P = 0.006 & 50.17% vs. 38.80%, χ2 = 9.872, P = 0.002). Preferred education methods included mobile multimedia (72.75%), brochures (68.68%), and physical promotional items (66.58%). In general, the overall awareness of schistosomiasis among university students remained low. There was a need to enhance health education in schools to improve disease prevention awareness within this population.
Treatment heterogeneity of water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition interventions on child growth by environmental enteric dysfunction and pathogen status for young children in Bangladesh
Authors: Butzin-Dozier Zachary , Ji Yunwen , Coyle Jeremy , Malenica Ivana , Rogawski McQuade Elizabeth T. , Grembi Jessica Anne , Platts-Mills James A. , Houpt Eric R. , Graham Jay P. , Ali Shahjahan , Rahman Md Ziaur , Alauddin Mohammad , Famida Syeda L. , Akther Salma , Hossen Md. Saheen , Mutsuddi Palash , Shoab Abul K. , Rahman Mahbubur , Islam Md. Ohedul , Miah Rana , Taniuchi Mami , Liu Jie , Alauddin Sarah T. , Stewart Christine P. , Luby Stephen P. , Colford Jr. John M. , Hubbard Alan E. , Mertens Andrew N. , Lin Audrie
Published: February 2025

Background

Water, sanitation, hygiene (WSH), nutrition (N), and combined (N+WSH) interventions are often implemented by global health organizations, but WSH interventions may insufficiently reduce pathogen exposure, and nutrition interventions may be modified by environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a condition of increased intestinal permeability and inflammation. This study investigated the heterogeneity of these treatments’ effects based on individual pathogen and EED biomarker status with respect to child linear growth.

Methods

We applied cross-validated targeted maximum likelihood estimation and super learner ensemble machine learning to assess the conditional treatment effects in subgroups defined by biomarker and pathogen status. We analyzed treatment (N+WSH, WSH, N, or control) randomly assigned in-utero, child pathogen and EED data at 14 months of age, and child HAZ at 28 months of age. We estimated the difference in mean child height for age Z-score (HAZ) under the treatment rule and the difference in stratified treatment effect (treatment effect difference) comparing children with high versus low pathogen/biomarker status while controlling for baseline covariates.

Results

We analyzed data from 1,522 children who had a median HAZ of −1.56. We found that fecal myeloperoxidase (N+WSH treatment effect difference 0.0007 HAZ, WSH treatment effect difference 0.1032 HAZ, N treatment effect difference 0.0037 HAZ) and Campylobacter infection (N+WSH treatment effect difference 0.0011 HAZ, WSH difference 0.0119 HAZ, N difference 0.0255 HAZ) were associated with greater effect of all interventions on anthropometry. In other words, children with high myeloperoxidase or Campylobacter infection experienced a greater impact of the interventions on anthropometry. We found that a treatment rule that assigned the N+WSH (HAZ difference 0.23, 95% CI (0.05, 0.41)) and WSH (HAZ difference 0.17, 95% CI (0.04, 0.30)) interventions based on EED biomarkers and pathogens increased predicted child growth compared to the randomly allocated intervention.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that EED biomarkers and pathogen status, particularly Campylobacter and myeloperoxidase (a measure of gut inflammation), may be related to the impact of N+WSH, WSH, and N interventions on child linear growth.
Research on the evolution and evaluation of Chinese sports industry policies based on intelligent analysis
Authors: Pan Zhaoyang , Ma Liang
Published: February 2025

In recent decades, with the support and traction of a number of key policy steps, the scale of China’s sports industry has achieved a new leap. The optimization of industrial structure has made new progress. From "nascent" to "strong", China’s sports industry grows in importance of the national economy. In the meantime, sport is a significant way to promote health. With the rapid growth of people’s requirements for sport and health, it is urgent to re-evaluate the past development path and formulate new directions so as to continuously improve and optimize the system. This study systematically sorts out China’s sports industry documents at different stages, and describes the focus of each stage and the overall evolution track. On this basis, text mining and quantitative evaluation being used to extract high-frequency words of sports industry documents, and a sports industry document evaluation system including 9 first-level indicators and 47 second-level indicators is established. In this study, text similarity analysis is used to realize intelligent PMC index analysis, which effectively improves the analysis efficiency and makes up for the deficiency of simple qualitative analysis. According to the study, China’s sports industry policies are scientific and effective. Combining with the development direction of industrial transformation, it provides ideas for the future adjustment and optimization of sports industry evolution path.
Spatio-temporal analysis of human brucellosis distribution in Neyshabur, Iran from 2015 to 2022, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fathabadi Ayoub , Khorashadizadeh Fatemeh , Darrudi Reza , Maroosi Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Background

Human brucellosis is a global endemic disease and a significant public health concern. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the characteristics of human brucellosis, as well as its spatial and temporal clustering.

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed the population infected with human brucellosis in Neyshabur, Iran from 2015 to 2022. Data were obtained from the Neyshabur health center. Spatial analysis was conducted using Anselin Local Moran’s I and Global Moran’s I with ArcGIS 10.8.2. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.

Results

During the study period, a total of 4568 brucellosis patients were reported. The incidence of disease was higher in men with 55.37%. The majority of patients belonged to the 30 to 39-year-old age group. Temporal clustering analysis revealed a peak incidence between March and June. The highest incidence rates were observed in spring and summer, with 34.76% and 33.84% of cases, respectively. Spatial clustering analysis indicated a higher prevalence in the southern and southeast districts of Neyshabur. The results of Global Moran’s I analysis indicated that the distribution of brucellosis was not clustered in Neyshabur (P-value > 0.05).

Conclusion

The findings of this study highlight the importance of educational programs for mothers and animal vaccination strategies, particularly in the months leading up to the peak brucellosis season in high-incidence areas. Further research is needed to assess the coverage of livestock vaccination and its impact on human brucellosis rates.
A highly cost-effective, eco-friendly tissue lysis and extraction method for faster DNA isolation from fish fin
Authors: Lenka Pritam , Singh Namrata , Ghosh Deepra , Mahato Vivekanand , Ghosh Sajalendu
Published: February 2025

Proper DNA extraction is an essential step in molecular biology research, for various downstream applications. Several modifications have been made to the first extraction protocol by Friedrich Miescher in 1869. The current work aimed to standardize an eco-friendly and quicker DNA extraction process that could be used in resource-limited laboratories by utilizing low-priced household liquid detergents and easily accessible salt. The pectoral fin tissues were lysed at 58°C with two modified lysis buffers using detergent 1 & 2 along with the conventional lysis buffer (SDS) as control. Instead of extraction with organic solvents, a 5M edible salt solution was used. This modified protocol resulted in yielding 3269.67 (±108.7) ng/µl and 3000 (± 15) ng/µl of DNA using detergent 1 and 2 with comparable quality of DNA as confirmed by OD260/280, i.e., 1.7 (± 0.026) and 1.72 (± 0.015) respectively, while the conventional method gave a maximum of 2512.33 (± 45.78) ng/µl of DNA with 1.76 (± 0.021) OD260/280 values. The overall cost of the proposed protocol was found almost 32 times less than the conventional method. The quality of DNA obtained by the modified protocol was pure enough to be used in PCR amplification of both nuclear (microsatellite) and mitochondrial (COX1) DNA for further application of genotyping. This modified protocol for DNA extraction from fish fin was faster (half the time required than the SDS lysis), of comparable quality and even better quantity with significantly lesser overall cost, and can be recommended for DNA extraction from fish samples in any resource-constrained laboratories.
Mean platelet volume as a biomarker for liver fibrosis in patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Cho Eun Hye , Kim Jee Ah , Park Min-Seung , Kwon Min-Jung , Park Hyosoon , Woo Hee-Yeon
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Accurate assessment of liver fibrosis is essential for the prognosis and management of NAFLD. Mean platelet volume (MPV), an index of platelet activation, has been associated with liver fibrosis in various chronic liver diseases; however, its role in NAFLD remains uncertain.

Methods

This study analyzed data from 70,830 patients with NAFLD who underwent a comprehensive health examination between 2015 and 2019. Patients were stratified into three groups based on the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index: low (<1.30), indeterminate (1.30–2.67), and high (>2.67). We evaluated the differences in MPV among these groups and analyzed the association between MPV and the FIB-4 index.

Results

MPV varied significantly across the three groups categorized by the FIB-4 index (p < 0.001). Additionally, a weak but statistically significant positive correlation was observed between MPV and the FIB-4 index (rho =  0.170, p <  0.001). Multivariable linear regression adjusted for multiple covariates showed that MPV remained significantly associated with the FIB-4 index (β =  0.01, p <  0.001).

Conclusions

MPV may serve as a supplementary non-invasive marker for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Further studies are required to validate these findings and explore the utility of MPV in conjunction with other non-invasive markers.
O tabuleiro como expressão de resistências das negras quitandeiras no Brasil (século XIX):
Authors: Thais Megel Mariana
Published: February 2025

Quitandeiras eram chamadas as mulheres africanas e afro-brasileiras, escravizadas, escravizadas ao ganho, libertas e livres, que incorporaram a venda de gêneros alimentícios diversos como ofício no Brasil oitocentista. Estando inseridas em um sistema-mundo organizado a partir de ideais brancos e racializantes, este exercício significou uma possibilidade de resistir ao racismo, abuso e exploração experimentados por essas mulheres. Dessa forma, a fim de garantir que a colonialidade seja questionada e não reproduzida neste artigo, a decolonialidade e o questionamento da branquitude abarcam a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada, além da história social da alimentação. Assim, dois títulos formam o tripé desta revisão bibliográfica, sendo eles a dissertação Das kitandas de Luanda aos tabuleiros das Terras de São Sebastião: conflito em torno do comércio das quitandeiras negras no Rio de Janeiro do século XIX, do mestre em Planejamento Urbano e Regional Fernando Vieira de Freitas; e a tese ‘Um pé na cozinha’: uma análise sócio-histórica do trabalho de cozinheiras negras no Brasil, da doutora em Sociologia Taís de Sant’Anna Machado. Em suma, o uso da história social da alimentação, da decolonialidade e o questionamento da branquitude como pressupostos teóricos nas análises das relações de poder e subalternização estabelecidas na sociedade colonial brasileira possibilitam a compreensão das diversas formas de resistências socioculturais, intelectuais e alimentares exercidas pelas quitandeiras no século 19.
Detección de alteración de motores ubicados en motocicletas
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez José Manuel , Canorea Ruiz Miguel Ángel , Plaza Quesada Alejandro
Published: February 2025

La alteración de motores en motocicletas implica modificar el motor original para mejorar el rendimiento o adaptarlo a necesidades específicas, aunque estas prácticas pueden derivar en riesgos de seguridad y problemas legales. Estos cambios pueden producirse por avería del motor y necesidad de un reemplazo, lo cual es inicialmente legal, o un cambio por un motor de mayor cilindrada que dotaría a la motocicleta de mayor potencia, pero también de mayor inestabilidad al no estar preparado el resto de componentes para ese aumento de potencia. La instalación de motores de mayor potencia en motocicletas no diseñadas para soportarlos puede comprometer la seguridad, generando inestabilidad y aumentando el riesgo de accidentes debido a frenos inadecuados, poniendo en riesgo no solo su seguridad, sino también la del resto de usuarios de la vía con el uso de dicho motor alterado.
El cambio de motor tiene su vertiente delictiva. El origen de dicho motor puede no ser lícito y, aunque el conductor del vehículo no sea responsable directamente de un delito de robo al no haber intervenido directamente en la sustracción del mismo, sí puede serlo de receptación si no posee la documentación que justifique que es comprador de buena fe. Dicha documentación trasladaría la responsabilidad del delito hacia el vendedor.
La determinación de la responsabilidad penal es secundaria cuando la dificultad principal es saber si los motores instalados pertenecen o no a dicha motocicleta. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio que permite aproximar, usando métodos matemáticos que determinan el grado de pertenencia, si el motor que porta una motocicleta es el que ha sido instalado originalmente en la misma o si proviene de una motocicleta ajena.
The burden of brucellosis in donkeys and its implications for public health and animal welfare: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kithuka James Mutiiria , Wachira Timothy Muthui , Onono Joshua Orungo , Ngetich Wyckliff
Published: February 2025

Background and Aim: Brucellosis is a globally significant zoonotic disease affecting a wide range of wild and domestic animals, with implications for human and animal health. Despite donkeys’ crucial roles in agriculture, transportation, and livelihoods, there is limited research on the burden of brucellosis in this species. This study systematically reviews the prevalence and role of donkeys as reservoirs for Brucella spp., providing insights into their public health implications.

Materials and Methods: Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted for studies published from 1990 to May 2024. Out of 1159 retrieved articles, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Data on study design, location, diagnostic methods, and brucellosis prevalence were extracted and analyzed using R statistical software. Pooled prevalence and heterogeneity were calculated, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed to assess study quality.

Results: The pooled prevalence of brucellosis in 6785 donkeys across 20 studies was 10.23% (range: 0%–63.7%), with the highest prevalence reported in Asia (26.80%). While 15% of studies suggested that donkeys act as reservoirs for Brucella spp., direct evidence linking donkeys to disease transmission remains scarce. The disease’s impact on donkey reproduction, including abortion and infertility, is underexplored, highlighting a significant research gap.

Conclusion: Brucellosis in donkeys represents a notable zoonotic and occupational risk. The limited data from East Africa, despite its high donkey population, emphasize the need for comprehensive epidemiological studies. Findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions, including biosecurity, public education, and enhanced diagnostic approaches, to mitigate brucellosis’ impact on donkey health and its broader public health implications.

Keywords: brucellosis, donkeys, meta-analysis, prevalence, public health, reservoir host, systematic review, zoonosis.
NOVAS PROPOSTAS DE ANÁLISE ESPACIAL E ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA DETECÇÃO GERAL DE HANSENÍASE E DOS CASOS NOVOS COM GRAU 2 DE INCAPACIDADE FÍSICA NA PARAÍBA: ESTUDO ECOLÓGICO, 2016 - 2020
Authors: Véras Gerlane Cristinne Bertino , Junior Jose Ferreira Lima , Silva Luiz Henrique da , Sarmento Wagner Maciel , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos , Moraes Ronei Marcos de
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Propor a Razão de Taxas Espacial e a Razão de Médias Espaço-Temporal e aplicar sobre os casos novos de hanseníase e com Grau de Incapacidade Física 2 na Paraíba. Métodos: Estudo ecológico tendo como lócus os municípios do estado da Paraíba (2016 a 2020). Foram aplicadas a estatística descritiva e análise espacial por meio da Razão de Taxas Espacial e da Razão de Médias Espaço Temporal. Resultados: Evidenciou-se Razão de Taxas Espacial igual ou maior a 1,0 em todo estado, com maiores valores de 6,2 (2016); 10,5 (2017); 11,3 (2018); 10,3 (2019); e 7,6 (2020) relacionadas a Taxa de Detecção Geral, e de 29,8 (2016); 24,3 (2017); 22,0 (2018); 33,2 (2019); e 41,8(2020) referentes a Taxa de Casos com Grau 2 de Incapacidade. Quanto a Razão de Médias Espaço Temporal variou de 0 a 67,2 para a Taxa de Detecção Geral e de 0 a 15,5 para a Taxa de Casos com Grau 2 de Incapacidade Física, no período em estudo, o que atesta a heterogeneidade da distribuição espacial entre os municípios analisados. Conclusão: Constata-se que por meio da utilização das análises propostas foi possível identificar que os municípios contribuem de formas diferenciadas frente à hanseníase para com o estado da Paraíba, desta forma, deve-se se planejar ações mais fidedignas às necessidades de cada município.
Rheumatoid arthritis, its prevalence and incidence in different countries
Authors: Plakhova A. O. , Sorotskaya V. N. , Vaisman D. Sh. , Vaisman R. M.
Published: February 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that manifests itself not only in progressive destruction of joints, but also in systemic damage to internal organs, which leads, despite significant success in therapy, to a decrease in the quality of life of patients, temporary or permanent loss of ability to work. Data on the prevalence of RA and its incidence in different countries are presented, the influence of various factors on these indicators is discussed.