bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deelneming bij eergerelateerd geweld
Authors: Janssen Janine , ten Voorde Jeroen , Houben Femke , Verheijen Goukje
Published: December 2021

Criminal participation and honour-related violence

In the Dutch public debate on honour-based violence on a regular basis this question is raised: should a special article be introduced for criminalising honour-based violence? However, it is striking that in this debate until now not much attention has been paid towards the different roles of family members in these violent conflicts. The main focus has always been on the so-called ‘material offender’, i.e. the offender that commits or threatens to commit a violent act. But what about family members that play a role in instigating this violence, the so-called ‘intellectual offenders’? In this article it is stated that in the Dutch context we should focus less on the introduction of new articles for punishing honour-based violence in the penal code and make better use of already existing laws and legal framework for addressing these severe violent acts.
Measurement of Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Peshawar, Pakistan - A Pilot Study
Authors: Khan Mohsin , Irfan Mohammad Abdul Aziz , Ullah Najeeb
Published: December 2021

This pilot study measured Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP) and calculated the corresponding Air Quality Index (AQI) in Peshawar. Using Libelium wireless sensors, the research measured outdoor TRAP and monitored indoor air quality for 48 days. The maximum outdoors daily mean concentration was 47 µg m−3 for PM1, 90 µg m−3 for PM2.5, 356 µg m−3 for PM10, 258 ppb for SO2, and 219 ppb for NO2, respectively. This corresponds to PM2.5 AQI of 158 (Unhealthy), PM10 AQI of 148 (Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups; USG), SO2 AQI of 181 (Unhealthy), and NO2 AQI of 123 (USG). The maximum daily average concentration for the indoor condition was 31 µg m−3 for PM1, 49 µg m−3 for PM2.5, 78 µg m−3 for PM10, 465 ppb for SO2, and 247 ppb for NO2, respectively. The corresponding AQI was 135 (USG) for PM2.5, 62 (Moderate) for PM10, 254 (Very Unhealthy) for SO2, and 129 (USG) for NO2. Data analysis shows that about 73% of the overall indoor AQI falls in the category of “USG”, while SO2 was the largest contributor to overall AQI. The study concludes that indoor AQI was slightly better than outdoor AQI because of the distance and height from the outdoor location. Moreover, Pakistan’s AQI for PM2.5 exceeds WHO’s 24-hours limit; however, it was relatively better by 23%, 65%, and 170% compared to China, India, and Bangladesh, respectively. In contrast, AQI for SO2 and NO2 was poor as compared to the same countries. The concentration and AQI for traffic-related air pollutants remain unhealthy and sometimes becomes hazardous, which means the sensitive groups are at greater risk.
Pielęgnowanie tradycji bożonarodzeniowych w narracjach studentów
Authors: Kataryńczuk-Mania Lidia
Published: December 2021

Music, due to its peculiar character, can be a great source of various family and holiday experiences. The article presents selected reflections of students of pedagogy on the subject of family Christmas and singing Christmas carols. In the students’ opinion, returns to family Christmas traditions are very necessary, if only because of strengthening family ties, cultivating traditions, developing interest in Christmas music, which is a companion of every human being.
Zagadnienie skuteczności pomocy społecznej. Symboliczna (oczekiwana) tożsamość klienta pomocy społecznej. Pomoc społeczna jako gra o kontrolę sfer niepewności. (Raport z badań)
Authors: Rossa Jerzy , Nogal-Faber Lidia
Published: December 2021

The article pertain to a case study research of social assistance processes in a social policy
system of G. city. A main method of investigation was opened, unstandardized systematic
interviews with social workers, political figures and administrators of the system. Social services
in experiences of our respondents we have interpreted as games for uncertainty control. The games
in perspectives of social workers and administrators of the system we understand as pedagogical
environments for customers which in the processes of these interactional games shape many
of the social, adaptive skills. Such skills enable customers institutional identity management
and effective winning spheres of freedom from control. Behavioural strategies of social workers
in institutional and organizational environment in relation to customers we conceptualize as
exchange models of a “gift for power” above customers spheres of uncertainty control. Inefficiency
of social assistance comes from incapacity of such aid to effectively exchange gifts for uncertainty
control in daily situations for customers. The Institution of social services has many functional
substitutes in social, political and economic environments which are much more effective. Second
goal of our investigation was a presentation and portrayal of the real pedagogical environment
of social workers. Theory of social intervention and social pedagogy suffers from too many abstracts from reality foundations, premises und presumptions. So social pedagogy as practical science needs also careful and diligent investigation of real social practices in institutional and organizational environment of social policy systems.
Przestrzeganie zasad etyki w rachunkowości jako przejaw społecznej odpowiedzialności
Authors: Trocka Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

Compliance with the principles of ethics in accounting as a manifestation of social responsibility A manifestation of the social role of accounting is the appropriate quality of financial and non-financial statements ensuring their truthfulness and reliability. This is guaranteed by the norms and principles shaping the organization of accounting in a business unit, but above all by the persons responsible for its keeping. Accountant is recognized as a profession of public trust. The person carrying it out should have the appropriate knowledge and practical skills. It is also very important in this profession to respect the law and comply with ethical standards.
The aim of the article is to show the importance of ethics in the accountant profession in the context of the social role of accounting.
Geographic health inequalities in Madrid City: exploring spatial patterns of respiratory disease mortality
Authors:   National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Institute of Geography, National University of La Pampa, Argentina, Prieto-Flores María-Eugenia , Gómez-Barroso Diana ,   National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, CIBERESP, Spain, Torrecilla Rosa Cañada ,   Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain, Jiménez Antonio Moreno ,   Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
Published: December 2021

The unequal geographic distribution of health determinants could denote situations of environmental injustice. This work aims to identify spatial patterns of respiratory disease mortality and their association with the education level and the atmospheric pollution in Madrid. To this purpose, we applied spatial analysis through statistical techniques and Geographic Information Systems at the census tract level. The analysis showed a slight but significantly higher risk of mortality in areas with more unfavourable socioeconomic and environmental conditions. This work has the potential to inform public policy and research on links among social, environmental and health inequalities in Madrid City.
The ageing trend and related socio-economic issues in Vietnam
Authors: Viet Cuong Nguyen
Published: December 2021

Vietnam is among the most rapidly ageing countries in the world. Its ageing index of increased during the past 35 years. In 2019, the ageing index was 49% for the population aged 60 years and older and 33% for the population aged 65 and older. At the same time, the proportion of older people living alone has been increasing. The main objective of this study is to examine the problem of older people living alone in Vietnam using the logit regression and data from the 2014 Intercensal Population and Housing Survey. In 2014 the proportion of people living alone was 3.2% among people aged 60 years and older but was 16.4% among seniors aged 80 years and older. The regression analysis shows that women were more likely to live alone than men, and the probability of living alone was higher among older people with a lower assets level than those with a higher assets level.
The potential geographical accessibility to public hospitals for the population in Bucharest’ proximity
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Romania, Cioclu Alexandra
Published: December 2021

Access to health services is essential for ensuring a fundamental human right: the right to health care. Traditional accessibility methods do not consider traffic changes and possible infrastructure works and do not always reflect the actual travel time to the nearest hospital. This study tries to measure the potential access to hospitals of the population from the proximity of Bucharest, an area overlapping Ilfov County, using API (Application Program Interface). Two scenarios were considered. The first represents accessibility in the morning, an interval with heavy traffic, and the second represents accessibility in the evening, an interval without heavy traffic. The results confirm that Ilfov County has good accessibility to public hospitals, with over 60% of the population travelling less than 30 minutes to the nearest hospital. The proximity of Bucharest makes it possible for residents to access hospitals in that area quickly. The findings provide a scientific basis for local authorities to optimize access to hospitals and planning resources.
A Survey of Experts and Home Business Owners in Rural Areas of Isfahan Province (Challenges and Barriers)
Authors:   University of Isfahan, Iran, Hajarian Ahmad , Taghdisi Ahmad ,   University of Isfahan, Iran, Barghi Hamid ,   University of Isfahan, Iran
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine the barriers and challenges of home-based businesses from the perspective of experts and home-based business owners using the Delphi method and confirmatory factor analysis. The first group included experts from the Department of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare and the Department of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism. The sample size for the first group was selected using snowball or chain sampling of 28 people, and the second group based on the statistics of about 1,000 people in villages with large household jobs with a subset of more than 4 people in rural areas of Isfahan province. In the quantitative part, using confirmatory factor analysis, 5 factors were individualized: economic, managerial and structural, weakness of laws and comprehensive policy, research and information, and human-nature related factors.
Structural changes in collective accommodation facilities as a component of Ukrainian international tourism
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Semenko Bohdan
Published: December 2021

The article presents the structural changes that occurred in the territorial distribution of health and wellness related accommodation units between 2012 and 2017 in Ukraine. It attempts to analyse a specific category of accommodation units as a possible base for the development of international tourism in the country. The factors that could influence their future development at the districts and cities of the oblast (regional) level are revealed. The common factors in providing accommodation facilities were also highlighted through cartographic mapping. One main finding of the paper is a general decrease in the number of accommodation units as well as health and wellness units for the analysed time, at the level of administrative districts and cities of oblast significance of Ukraine. However, some situations where this number increased have been identified.
From command to market-driven economy: the changing role of manufacturing industries in Romania
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies & Institute of Geography Romanian Academy, Romania, Popescu Claudia
Published: December 2021

In 1990, Romania and other CEE countries embarked on a political shift that prompted radical structural and spatial changes in economic activities. Industrial restructuring holds a central role in strengthening both EU convergence and internal socioeconomic divergence. The aim of this paper is to discuss the contribution of manufacturing to national wealth creation, the attractiveness of industries to foreign direct investments, and the evolutionary trajectories of manufacturing employment and firms in conjunction with the pathways taken at the level of the national economy. To attain this aim, we analyse in detail the period between 2002 and 2019, looking at the temporal dynamics of the industry in times of growth and crisis. The changes discussed are typical of economic restructuring, with regions and urban centres experiencing a dramatic change in their economic roles and functions and increasing inequalities between metropolitan and non-core regions.
Gated communities in Bahrain: historical and urban geographies
Authors: Salim Zia
Published: December 2021

Residential gating is a notable element in cities worldwide, but notable gaps exist in studies of residential gating in smaller cities and the Global South. This article examines the historical and urban geographies of residential gating in the Arab Gulf, using a case study from Bahrain. This research adds new nuance to studies of gated communities by presenting a case study from a smaller city in the Global South and integrating observations and interviews. The results explain the reasons for gated community development in Bahrain and provide insight into gated communities’ built and social environments in Bahrain. The article concludes that in ordinary cities, understanding urban development in general, and gated developments in particular, demands attention to their spatiotemporal contexts. Attention to these contexts can provide new insights that contribute to efforts to interpret and theorise contemporary urbanisation processes.
Population mobility and sustainable development in the Mamminasata Metropolitan South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Bosowa University, Indonesia, Surya Batara , Salim Rasyidi Emil ,   Faculty of Engineering, Bosowa University, Indonesia, Abubakar Herminawaty ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Bosowa University, Indonesia, Idris Muhammad ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Bosowa University, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Economic growth and urban agglomeration have triggered an increase in the size and mobility of the Metropolitan Mamminasata urban population. This study aims to analyse spatial interactions working as a determinant of connectivity of the transportation system and the growth of suburban areas toward smart and sustainable cities in the Mamminasata Metropolitan urban system and the effects that spatial expansion, spatial integration, urban agglomeration, spatial use, and the transportation system have on population mobility. The research method used is a sequential explanatory design that combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. The results show that the coefficients of determination are as follows: spatial expansion to population mobility – 4.90%, spatial integration to population mobility – 2.99%, spatial interaction to population mobility – 4.87%, urban agglomeration to population mobility – 2.09%, space use to population mobility – 2.64%, and transportation system to population mobility – 5.15%. The results of this study will assist in the formulation of development policies, management of the urban transportation system, and allocation of space utilisation going forward.
A CASE STUDY ON STABILISER FIN-HULL INTERACTION USING CFD AND MODEL EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Bhosale K A , Duffy J T
Published: December 2021

A case study was conducted to investigate and quantify stabiliser fin-hull interaction using a combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics and physical model experiments. The fin-hull interaction was studied by comparing the lift and drag of a stabiliser fin in a free stream condition and when attached to a hull. The findings of this case study showed that using free stream fin characteristics to predict performance of a stabiliser fin fitted to the hull resulted in an over-prediction of drag by up to 46% and under-prediction of lift by up to 75% for the speeds and angle of attack analysed. These discrepancies are for this case study only and in practice will vary for different hull forms, fin types, fin location and angles of attack. However, the research highlights the limitations of using free stream fin characteristics to predict the performance of a fin fitted to a hull.
A COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL BEHAVIOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF A SHIP ENTERING A LOCK USING BENCHMARK TEST DATA
Authors: Vantorre M , Candries M , Delefortrie G , Eloot K , Verwilligen J , Henn R , Vergote T , Lindberg O , De Loor A , Wang H-Z , Zou Z-J
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses several papers that were presented at the 3rd International Conference on Ship Manoeuvring in Shallow and Confined Water, which had a non-exclusive focus on Ship Behaviour in Locks. For this conference, experimental model test data obtained at Flanders Hydraulics Research had been made public and researchers were encouraged to compare numerical with experimental results [1]. Data of benchmark tests carried out both with self- propelled and captive models were used by researchers for comparison with various numerical tools. The objective of this paper is to give a selected overview of how accurately numerical tools are presently able to predict the hydrodynamic forces that occur on ships approaching locks. Based on this, the paper concludes that experiments and numerical tools complement each other.
LOADING RESPONSE OF STERN TAB MOTION CONTROLS IN SHALLOW WATER
Authors: Bell J , Lavroff J , Davis M R
Published: December 2021

The ride control systems of high-speed vessels frequently use active stern tabs for both motion control and maintenance of correct trim at various speeds and sea conditions. This paper investigates the effect of water depth on the lift force provided by stern mounted trim tabs, of the type fitted to INCAT high speed wave-piercer catamaran vehicle ferries and similar vessels. This investigation was carried out at model scale with the use of a test apparatus in a flume tank in the University of Tasmania hydraulics laboratory. The lift force magnitude and location were measured over a range of tab angles and flow depths. This was used to calculate the lift coefficient of the tab and asses the performance of the tab over the range of flow depths. It was found that the lift force increased and the force location progressed further forward of the hinge as flow depth decreased. The lift curve slope of the stern tab increased by a factor of over 3 relative to the deep water value when the water depth below the hull was approximately equal to the tab chord. The deep water lift curve slope appears to be approached only when the water depth exceeded 4 or more tab chord lengths. The centre of pressure of the lift force was more than two chord lengths ahead of the tab hinge, showing that most of the lift produced by the tab was under the hull rather than on the surface of the tab itself.
A Reduced Variable Neighborhood Search Approach to the Heterogeneous Vector Bin Packing Problem
Authors: Stakić Đorđe , Živković Miodrag , Anokić Ana
Published: December 2021

The two-dimensional heterogeneous vector bin packing problem (2DHet-VBPP) consists of packing the set of items into the set of various type bins, respecting their two resource limits. The problem is to minimize the total cost of all bins. The problem, known to be NP-hard, can be formulated as a pure integer linear program, but optimal solutions can be obtained by the CPLEX Optimizer engine only for small instances. This paper proposes a metaheuristic approach to the 2DHet-VBPP, based on Reduced variable neighborhood search (RVNS). All RVNS elements are adapted to the considered problem and many procedures are designed to improve efficiency of the method. As the Two-dimensional Homogeneous-VBPP (2DHom-VBPP) is more often treated, we considered also a special version of the RVNS algorithm to solve the 2DHom-VBPP. The results obtained and compared to both CPLEX results and results on benchmark instances from literature, justify the use of the RVNS algorithm to solve large instances of these optimization problems.
Valorization of Olive Mill Wastewater in the Control of Aphis pomi De Geer 1773 (Hemiptera, Aphididae) Infesting Apple Plants in Nurseries
Authors: Haouache Nahid , El Asri Soukaina , Asfers Adil , Ait Houssa Abdelhadi , Tazi Bouchra , Boughdad Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Olive mill wastewater (OMW), are the liquid residues generated during the extraction of oil by traditional and modern three-phase type crushing units. These effluents are characterized by an acidic pH and composition rich in water, organic matter, minerals and polyphenols. In general, they are directly discharged into natural ecosystems. Their danger is linked to the enormous quantities produced in a short period between October and March. To mitigate the effects of vegetable waters on the environment, their valorization in different areas is discussed. As biopesticides, crude OMW have been shown to be very toxic to Aphis pomi; the LC50 and LC95 varied respectively from 27.17 to 45.59 and from 77.19 to 134.57 mg of OMW/L of water; they vary according to the stage of the aphid considered. The young stages of A. pomi were more sensitive than the elderly are. Therefore, the OMW can be used as a means of controlling aphids. However, before operating on a large scale, it is necessary to repeat the trials in field and assess their impact on non-target organisms and treated crops.
The Ubuntu Parenting: Kairos Consideration for the 21st Century Dynamics and Globalization
Authors: Shambare Blessing
Published: December 2021

Ubuntu is a well-defined principle and way of life in many African communities. Over the past decades, a significant amount of empirical and theoretical work has accumulated about the principle of Ubuntu. The principle has been tested and applied in many professions and faculties such as leadership, theology, sociology, education, and health. Ubuntu is also applicable in psychology around child development and parenting. Parenting is both an art and science of child nurturing. Admittedly, parenting facilitates and nurtures child development. Thus, parenting models continue to be reviewed and interrogated. This chapter has discussed how the decorations of Ubuntu can be applied in the parenting dynamics of the twenty- first century. In this chapter I have applied the experience of being African as the ground to explore the Ubuntu parenting founded on the African and ecological systems perspective. This experiential approach has been supported by the qualitative research method of reviewing and analyzing available literature about parenting and ubuntu.
Analysis and Design of Absorbers for Electromagnetic Compatibility Applications
Authors: Hayati Raad Shiva
Published: December 2021

Absorbers are one of the key components in the realm of electromagnetic compatibility. Depending on the frequency range of interest, different types of absorbers can be utilized for this purpose. This chapter introduces the analysis and modeling of ferrite-based absorbers for low-frequency applications (below 1 GHz) and discusses the issues encountered in their installation, resulting in air gaps. Later, different kinds of pyramidal absorbers, commonly used in the broadband microwave frequency range (above 1 GHz), are presented, and analytical and numerical approaches for predicting their performance are reviewed. The combination of the ferrite tile and pyramidal dielectric absorbers is also provided. Then, some practical aspects of designing hybrid absorbers, including the influence of carbon loading and matching layer on their performance, are mentioned. Finally, the absorber operating frequency extension to the millimeter-wave spectrum using metamaterial structures or graphene material is presented.
Cosmology and Cosmic Rays Propagation in the Relativity with a Preferred Frame
Authors: I. Burde Georgy
Published: December 2021

In this chapter, cosmological models and the processes accompanying the propagation of the cosmic rays on cosmological scales are considered based on particle dynamics, electrodynamics and general relativity (GR) developed from the basic concepts of the ‘relativity with a preferred frame’. The ‘relativity with a preferred frame’, designed to reconcile the relativity principle with the existence of the cosmological preferred frame, incorporates the preferred frame at the fundamental level of special relativity (SR) while retaining the fundamental space-time symmetry which, in the standard SR, manifests itself as Lorentz invariance. The cosmological models based on the modified GR of the ‘relativity with a preferred frame’ allow us to explain the SNIa observational data without introducing the dark energy and also fit other observational data, in particular, the BAO data. Applying the theory to the photo pion-production and pair-production processes, accompanying the propagation of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) and gamma rays through the universal diffuse background radiation, shows that the modified particle dynamics, electrodynamics and GR lead to measurable signatures in the observed cosmic rays spectra which can provide an interpretation of some puzzling features found in the observational data. Other possible observational consequences of the theory, such as the birefringence of light propagating in vacuo and dispersion, are discussed.
Economic Value of Cultural Ecosystem Services in India: A Review
Authors: Balasubramanian Muniyandi
Published: December 2021

Cultural ecosystem service (CES) is one of the important components in the ecosystem services framework which was designed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Cultural ecosystems services are the non-material benefits provides by various ecosystem services such as forest, wetland etc. CES is the vital contribution in the human well-being such as good physical and mental health. Further, CES is the major role in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for health and well-being. CES is still less primary investigation the economic literature especially in the Indian context link with the sustainable ecosystem management. Therefore, economic value of cultural ecosystem services is needed to study in the local level aspects. In the above mentioned context, this chapter is present the economic value of cultural ecosystem services in India. The main policy implication of the study is to design entry fee for many protected areas such as wildlife sanctuary, national park as well as sustainable environmental management for the present and future generation.
The Determinants of Academic Achievement in Medical Students: a Cross-Sectional Designed Multifactorial Approach
Authors: KARAKILIÇ Aslı , KARA Hayrettin , ERKEN Haydar Ali , ERKEN Gülten , FİLİK Ahmet Burak
Published: December 2021

Objective: Medical students have a heavy academic burden, hence, various factors can directly and easily affect their academic performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hemoglobin levels, body composition, nutritional status and physical activity on academic achievement in medical students.

Methods: 121 students (69 males, 52 females) participated in the study. Body compositions were recorded; data concerning nutritional habits, food consumption frequency and physical activity was obtained using a survey. The hemoglobin and hematocrit values measured in the physiology practice were recorded and the scores obtained from the committee exam were considered as academic achievement criteria.

Results: Female students were found to be more successful than males (p=0.012). Smokers (p=0.007) and sugary-beverage consumers (p=0.022) were also more unsuccessful. Males who did not consume coffee daily were more successful than those who did (p=0.015). Additionally, males with moderate physical activity levels were more successful than those who had low physical activity levels (p=0.04). Furthermore, there was a moderate positive correlation between academic achievement and sedentary behavior (p˂0.05, r=0.265).

Discussion: Based on our findings, we determined that smoking, coffee and sugary-beverage consumption may negatively affect academic success in medical students. Studying theoretical lessons daily for a sufficient period and getting moderate physical activity in leisure time can be recommended as tools for medical students to increase academic achievement.
Otázky uplatňování prevenční povinnosti při výrobě a provozu autonomních vozidel
Authors: Fialová Eva , Krausová Alžběta
Published: December 2021

Výroba vozidel je regulována celou řadou právně závazných předpisů, včetně právně závazných technických norem. Těmto normám se musí výrobci podřídit, pokud vozidlo chtějí uvést na trh. Přesto se najdou v automobilech některé prvky, na které technické normy nepamatují. Toto se může týkat nových komponent nebo moderních asistenčních systémů a funkcionalit. I tehdy, pokud výrobce není v takovém případě vázán žádnou právně závaznou normou, má prevenční povinnost neboli povinnost předcházet škodám. S vývojem (částečně) autonomních vozidel bude růst význam prevenční povinnosti s tím, jak budou vozidla vybavena doposud právně neregulovanými prvky a systémy. Tento článek pojednává o prevenční povinnosti a jejím významu pro bezpečnost autonomního řízení. Článek v závěru zmiňuje i relevantní judikaturu, která se k prevenční povinnosti vztahuje.
Ospravedlnění, nebo ontologie? Aneb proč je filosofování o pojmu lidských práv užitečné
Authors: Dufek Pavel
Published: December 2021

Text kriticky reaguje na článek Marka Káčera Načo sa trápiť s otázkou existencie ľudských práv? (ČPVP 4/2020). Argumentuji, že autorova snaha o vyhnutí se filosofickým kontroverzím spojeným s pojmem lidských práv narazí na stejný typ problémů, s nimiž se potýkají přístupy, jež chce pragmatickým obratem překonat. Nosným neshledávám ani justifikační opření pragmatismu o údajný celosvětový překrývající se konsenzus stran praxe lidských práv. Poukazem na neúplnost právně-centralistického pohledu na lidská práva a zdůrazněním jejich sociálně-morálního podhoubí pak zpochybňuji i související tezi, že jako lidstvo jsme se pro lidská práva díky jejich všeobecné užitečnosti již „rozhodli“, a tudíž není více důvod hledat jejich hlubší ospravedlnění.
Pseudospor o ľudských právach
Authors: Káčer Marek
Published: December 2021

Táto duplika reaguje na texty troch autorov, ktorí kritizujú môj návrh, aby sme pri obhajobe ľudských práv používali pragmatické argumenty namiesto argumentov ontologických. Napriek skutočnosti, že väčšina kritických námietok s týmto návrhom priamo nepolemizuje, dospievam k jeho miernej modifikácii: Ak je úlohou ontológie rozšírenie sústavy presvedčení, ktoré ospravedlňujú naše pragmatické postoje, potom ontológia môže poskytovať dobré argumenty aj pri obhajobe ľudských práv. Pragmatizmus ontológiu nenahrádza, ale ju predchádza.
Análisis observacional del desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en Educación Infantil-3 años mediante una propuesta de resolución de problemas con un robot de suelo de direccionalidad programada
Authors: Terroba Marta , Ribera Juan Miguel , Lapresa Ajamil Daniel , Anguera M. Teresa
Published: December 2021

Se presenta una secuencia de problemas de dificultad creciente para desarrollar el pensamiento computacional en el primer nivel del segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil -3 años- mediante un robot de suelo de direccionalidad programada. En el seno de la metodología observacional se ha conseguido caracterizar la capacidad de pensamiento computacional de los escolares de Educación Infantil-3años, en los diferentes problemas que conforman la propuesta de intervención diseñada. La fiabilidad de los datos, en forma de concordancia inter-observadores, ha sido garantizada mediante el coeficiente Kappa. Un análisis de generalizabilidad avala el muestreo observacional realizado. El desarrollo de las capacidades de organización espacial y autoevaluación del alumno, así como la intervención de la maestra, se han relevado como aspectos claves en la resolución de problemas matemáticos por medio del pensamiento computacional en Educación Infantil-3años.

A sequence of problems of increasing difficulty is presented to develop computational thinking in the first level of the second cycle of Early Childhood Education -3 years- by means of a programmed directionality ground robot. With the use the observational methodology, it has been possible to characterize the computational thinking capacity of Early Childhood Education -3 years old- schoolchildren, in the different problems that make up the intervention proposal designed. The reliability of the data has been guaranteed, in the form of inter-observer agreement, by means of the Cohen's Kappa coefficient. A generalizability analysis supports the observational sampling carried out. The development of the capacities of spatial organization and self-evaluation of the student, as well as the intervention of the teacher, have been revealed as key aspects in the resolution of mathematical problems through computational thinking in Early Childhood Education -3 years old-.
English as a Medium of Instruction in Learning Professional Skills for Engineers
Authors: Peñate Sanchéz Adrián
Published: December 2021

In this article, we reflect on the variables to be considered when teaching in English a subject of the bachelor’s degree of Computer Engineering: “Learning Professional Skills for Engineers”. In order to make this study, we start from an analysis of the recent history of teaching in English at university level and the institutional context in which it happens. Three research questions are posed, with the intent to check what minimum conditions must be met to be able to teach this subject in English. The results lead us to conclude that the option of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) is not the appropriate one, taking into account both the linguistic and didactic training of the teaching staff and the language accreditation of the students. However, it is feasible to opt for the Integrating Content and Language in Higher Education (ICLHE) option.
Culture as the key factor in the establishment of noospherogenesis
Authors: Zhernosenko Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2021

The subject of this article is the substantiation of the fundamental link between culture and modern problem of searching for the vector of positive social development. The object of this research is the concept of noospheric development as one of the productive futurological strategies that gives adequate responses to the challenges of modernity. Leaning on the unified nature of the sphere of noumena, regardless of the methods of cognition of existence (science, religion, art), and integrating the conceptual grounds of the theories of noosphere and pneumatosphere, the author proves that cultural phenomena are capable of fulfilling the functions of the attractor of social development as the bearers of scientific ideas, axiological and aesthetic values, and aspirations for spiritual ideals. The artifacts that are yet to be implemented, but of exists as ideas, do influence the future. The noospheric strategy of social development requires elaboration of new educational approaches. Special attention is given to the substantiation of culture-making educational model as an effective methodology in preparation of “man on the future”. Analysis of the works of the founders of the theory of noosphere and the theory of pneumatosphere, as well as their contemporary adherents allows concluding on the natural integration of the concepts of V. I. Vernadsky and P. A. Florensky in modern concept of noospherogenesis, as scientific, artistic, and social ideas have the single information nature. The acquired conclusions explicate the culturological component of the concept of noospherogenesis and substantiate the effectiveness of culture-making educational model that contributes to the formation of noospheric type of mentality among younger generation. The author’s special contribution consists in presentation of the model of culture-making school, tested on the public schools of Altai Krai, which also has high heuristic potential for humanities and art universities.
L’efficacia della musica a scuola: una rassegna delle evidenze
Authors: Rizzo Amalia Lavinia , Pellegrini Marta
Published: December 2021

The Italian school legislation supports the educational use of music from preschool to lower secondary school for the improvement of skills included in the student’s profile at the end of the first cycle of education. In the framework of inclusive education, musical teaching is part of the school’s commitment to promote the development of academic skills, executive functions, self-regulation as well as emotional, affective, and social dimensions. All those elements are needed for improving learning and developing attitudes towards the consideration of the differences. This work presents an umbrella review of the evidence on the effectiveness of educational musical activities for the improvement of cognitive skills, socio-emotional skills, and school performance from pupils attending K-12 as well as the factors that are relevant for improving the quality of music interventions in school. The review includes meta-analyses already conducted on the effectiveness of music and presents the method adopted for searching, selecting, and coding the studies. By reviewing the evidence, it emerges the need to carry out new research in the field of music teaching that should be more rigorous in the method than the ones included in this umbrella review.
Differences between the genders in ICT skills for Finnish upper comprehensive school students: Does gender matter?
Authors: Kaarakainen Meri-Tuulia , Kivinen Antero , Kaarakainen Suvi-Sadetta
Published: December 2021

This study examined the ICT skills of Finnish upper comprehensive school students. The data has been collected from 65 municipalities around Finland for 5455 ninth graders (mean age 15.24). ICT skills were measured using a digital, performance-based ICT skill test. The test was based on the revised Finnish national core curriculum for basic education. Based on the results, there was a small, but statistically, significant difference between the genders in the total scores on the ICT skill test. More consequential differences between the genders were found in the item level analysis. As explicit item level analysis indicated, boys tended to get better scores from more technical-oriented items, while girls got better scores from school work-oriented and social interaction-related items. The results emphasize that gender differences in ICT skills are more item specific than general. More importantly, the variation between individuals in ICT skill items was extensive and in all likelihood more influential than the gender difference as such.
Teachers’ practices to support student work in digital storytelling: A study on Finnish and Chinese school teachers’ experiences
Authors: Vivitsou Marianna , Niemi Hannele , Wei Ge , Kallunki Veera , Miao Rong
Published: December 2021

This study aims to discuss and analyze Finnish and Chinese primary school teachers’ practices when digital storytelling is the teaching method, aiming for student-generated stories in video format. To meet this end, teachers introduce digital storytelling in their practices and guide and support students into building and sharing digital stories in video format with peers in the classroom and online. In addition, they introduce the use of web-based environments and digital technologies, adapt their teaching plan accordingly, and enrich existing instructional material. As a result, teacher’s practices of organizing and facilitating student work and development change.In order to investigate how teaching practices change, this study draws from Chinese and Finnish teachers’ interviews and observation data and uses inductive analysis and constant comparison for more abstract themes and categories. The findings show that the teachers use formal and informal, natural and technological environments to organize student work and aim for freer learning in digital storytelling activities. Also, different aspects of collaborative work are used to facilitate and, mainly, structure student work and development.
Body, identity and images of the self among adolescents. From research to action through Peer&Media Education
Authors: Carenzio Alessandra , Ferrari Simona , De Cani Lorenzo , Sara Lo Jacono , Pier Cesare Rivoltella
Published: December 2021

In recent years, social media have become a mirror for many adolescents: young people experiment online, testing their own limits and possibilities, and they build their identity day by day (Boyd, 2014). The consequences of this new behaviour are important and include sexting (Temple, 2012, 2014), self-exposure, self-objectification and identity manipulation. Many of these behaviours pass through the media themselves, as they work as a sort of megaphone or extensive sharing platform.This paper aims to reach two goals. The first is to share a new perspective with educators and researchers named Peer&Media Education (Ottolini & Rivoltella, 2014)—a model developed in recent years to reach young people and foster their “awareness” of media and their health (Ottolini & Rivoltella, 2014). The result is a new methodological framework fostering the responsible use of social media and digital tools and also helping young people to keep healthy habits. We will present the framework in sections1 and 2.The second goal is to discuss the results of the research Image.ME, run by Cremit, which studied the uses of social network sites, their impact on relationships and identity and the incidence of risky behaviours. In fact, the research is built according to the Peer&Media Education perspective, preventing risky behaviours and supporting media awareness. We will discuss this in section3.
The Digital Competences and Agency of Older People Living in Rural Villages in Finnish Lapland
Authors: Rasi Päivi , Kilpeläinen Arja
Published: December 2021

Older people’s digital competencies are a means to minimise their possible risks for being excluded from society. Therefore, the research in this field needs to be strengthened. This paper examines the digital competences and agency of older people who live in remote rural villages in Finnish Lapland. We argue that older people’s agency is the key factor that keeps them included in contemporary society. Hence, our theoretical viewpoint rests on the theory of the modalities of agency. Our data consist of three focus group interviews that were conducted in small, remote villages during the spring of 2015. We analysed our data deductively, and the results showed that elderly villagers interpret their digital competencies through their personal needs and desires. History, the present and the future are intertwined in the villagers’ conceptions. Our respondents’ digital competencies are diverse; older people living in villages are not a homogenous group. Based on our results, we argue that digital competence is very much a distributed competence of elderly dyads, families with three generations and informal networks of villagers and that it should not, therefore, be assessed solely as an individual characteristic.
Making Sense of Facebook: A Mixed Methods Approach to Analysing Online Student Groups
Authors: Aaen Janus
Published: December 2021

The objective of this paper is to discuss a methodological design developed to analyse self-governed student Facebook groups as a part of a larger study of the use of ICT in Danish secondary schools (Mathiasen. Aaen, Dalsgaard, Degn & Thomsen, 2014). The paper will discuss how this methodological setup can help the researcher gain in-depth knowledge of the students’ use of Facebook groups, looking past the traditional dichotomy between online and offline as well as the distinction between school-related and non-school-related communication. The paper will address the potential shortcomings of the design as well as how the approach can be further developed, and suggests 1) broadening the scope of the study from the Facebook group as a singular medium to include other media used by the students and 2) extending the study to include the voice of students by engaging them as co-researchers.
Educational technologies for the benefit of students
Authors: Nordkvelle Yngve
Published: December 2021

By Yngve Troye NordkvelleEditorThis issue of Seminar.net offers four different experiences on how students can gain from using educational technologies. In the article "Adopting digital skills in an international project in teacher education", associate professor Hugo Nordseth of Nord-Trøndelag University College present the aims of a project aimed at making students in teacher training able to collaborate across national borders and contexts. The project demonstrates the feasibility of training students to use new technologies that offer opportunities for learning. Nordseth emphasizes the importance of proper training in the selected tools.Professor Ragnhild Nilsen, of the University of Tromsø, presents her article "Digital Network as a Learning Tool for Health Sciences Students", as an example from studies in health. She presents how an online learning module for health sciences students with different educational backgrounds was implemented at the University of Tromsø (UiT). The intention was to improve communication and cooperation abilities across professional boundaries. The purpose of this article is to examine how participation in a joint, web-based course can be a didactic tool that helps health sciences students learn from one another by means of collaboration. Yvonne Fritze and Yngve Troye Nordkvelle, both editors of the journal present their article "Online dating and education". The research was carried out in their home institution, Lillehammer University College.Taking its inspiration from Luhmann's communication theory, this article looks at online dating from the perspective of teaching and education. The findings of this project indicate that students do use netdating as an experience and that quite a few of them find this valuable for their own communicative skills. The article explores those features of online dating characteristic of distance dialogue, and discusses the extent to which these can be transferred to communication in the teaching context. The article was first presented in a book published in Danish (Michael Paulsen & Lars Qvortrup (ed.) (2007) Luhmann og dannelse, København: Unge Pædagoger). This version provides extended discussions of the implications for flexible education. In the final article, with the title "Developing Contextual Knowledge Arenas in the Global Classroom", associate professor Siv Oltedal of Nordland University, discuss challenges in the development of contextual knowledge arenas by focusing on how the contextual perspective is brought into a masters program in social work. She explores the development of different knowledge areas and how they offer different learning opportunities for a group of international students.
Digital Network as a Learning Tool for Health Sciences Students
Authors: Nilsen Ragnhild
Published: December 2021

An online learning module for health sciences students with various educational backgrounds was implemented at the University of Tromsø (UiT). The purpose of this article is to examine how participation in a joint, web-based course can be a didactic tool that promotes motivation and contributes to interactions among health sciences students. The study is based upon findings from focus group interviews with students who participated in a joint online course, as well as on recordings of activity in online discussions.