bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conflict Under Incapacitation and Revenge: A Game-Theoretic Exploration
Authors: Mukherjee Puja
Published: February 2024

In real life, winning a conflict sometimes does not end the conflict. Revenge motivations can stay and provide momentum to the conflict, thus leading to further escalation of the conflict. This is known as the value effect or vengeance effect of revenge. However, the presence of revenge can lead to de-escalation of the conflict out of self-deterrence and sometimes retaliation out of revenge is not possible if the combatant is incapacitated. Hence, the impact of revenge on the level of violence is a priori not clear. This paper is an attempt to answer that question. Using a two-period game of conflict this paper tries to show how desire and capabilities of the combatants to exact revenge can influence the intensity of the conflict. This paper shows the following: how the strategies of the combatants are influenced by the value effect of revenge, self-deterrence and incapacitation of the combatants; how the stronger combatant is in a favourable position in the conflict and can prevent its opponent from going into second period conflict out of revenge; when the combatants are equally strong the intensity of the conflict starts falling with time. It also lays out some real-life conflicts and existing empirical work to support the results.
Probing the structural and electronic properties of MAX phases and their corresponding MXenes using first-principles calculations
Authors: Banu Aseema , Padmanaaban Sastipriyaa , Kannan Ramesh , Jose Sujin P.
Published: February 2024

This study delves into the theoretical exploration of the structural and electronic characteristics of 2D monolayer MXenes (M
n + 1X
n
) by the elimination of Al layers from their corresponding MAX-phases, M
n + 1AX
n
(n = 1–3), through meticulous first-principles calculations. The study encompasses structural optimization and the determination of key ground state properties, including equilibrium lattice constants, energy (E
0), and volume (V
0) of both MXenes and their corresponding MAX phases. Consequently, we investigated the comparative study of the electronic properties of M
n + 1AlC
n
(M = Ti, V, or Cr) (n = 1–3) and their MXenes for the first time by calculating the Bader charge analysis (MAX phase only) and the density of states (DOS). The analysis extends to the density of states and Bader charge assessments, facilitating a comprehensive comparison. Remarkably, the MXene monolayer showcases an elevated density of states at the Fermi level compared to its MAX phase counterpart. This disparity stems from the redistribution of 3d electrons near the Fermi level following the removal of Al layers, consequently enhancing electronic conductivity. Cohesive energy and formation energy calculations affirm the structural stability of these compounds. Furthermore, our computed values are meticulously cross-referenced with existing experimental and theoretical data, stimulating the reliability and significance of our findings.
Distinct Cortical Correlates of Perception and Motor Function in Balance Control
Authors: Mirdamadi Jasmine L. , Ting Lena H. , Borich Michael R.
Published: February 2024

Fluctuations in brain activity alter how we perceive our body and generate movements but have not been investigated in functional whole-body behaviors. During reactive balance, we recently showed that evoked brain activity is associated with the balance ability in young individuals. Furthermore, in PD, impaired whole-body motion perception in reactive balance is associated with impaired balance. Here, we investigated the brain activity during the whole-body motion perception in reactive balance in young adults (9 female, 10 male). We hypothesized that both ongoing and evoked cortical activity influences the efficiency of information processing for successful perception and movement during whole-body behaviors. We characterized two cortical signals using electroencephalography localized to the SMA: (1) the “N1,” a perturbation-evoked potential that decreases in amplitude with expectancy and is larger in individuals with lower balance function, and (2) preperturbation β power, a transient rhythm that favors maintenance of the current sensorimotor state and is inversely associated with tactile perception. In a two-alternative forced choice task, participants judged whether pairs of backward support surface perturbations during standing were in the “same” or “different” direction. As expected, lower whole-body perception was associated with lower balance ability. Within a perturbation pair, N1 attenuation was larger on correctly perceived trials and associated with better balance, but not perception. In contrast, preperturbation β power was higher on incorrectly perceived trials and associated with poorer perception, but not balance. Together, ongoing and evoked cortical activity have unique roles in information processing that give rise to distinct associations with perceptual and balance ability.
Recurrent neural circuits overcome partial inactivation by compensation and re-learning
Authors: Bredenberg Colin , Savin Cristina , Kiani Roozbeh
Published: February 2024

Technical advances in artificial manipulation of neural activity have precipitated a surge in studying the causal contribution of brain circuits to cognition and behavior. However, complexities of neural circuits challenge interpretation of experimental results, necessitating new theoretical frameworks for reasoning about causal effects. Here, we take a step in this direction, through the lens of recurrent neural networks trained to perform perceptual decisions. We show that understanding the dynamical system structure that underlies network solutions provides a precise account for the magnitude of behavioral effects due to perturbations. Our framework explains past empirical observations by clarifying the most sensitive features of behavior, and how complex circuits compensate and adapt to perturbations. In the process, we also identify strategies that can improve the interpretability of inactivation experiments.

Significance StatementNeuroscientists heavily rely on artificial perturbation of the neural activity to understand the function of brain circuits. Current interpretations of experimental results often follow a simple logic, that the magnitude of a behavioral effect following a perturbation indicates the degree of involvement of the perturbed circuit in the behavior. We model a variety of neural networks with controlled levels of com­plexity, robustness, and plasticity, showing that perturbation experiments could yield counter-intuitive results when networks are complex enough-to allow unperturbed pathways to compensate for the per­turbed neurons-or plastic enough-to allow continued learning from feedback during perturbations. To rein in these complexities we develop a Functional Integrity Index that captures alterations in network computations and predicts disruptions of behavior with the perturbation.
Human Motor Neurons Elicit Pathological Hallmarks of ALS and Reveal Potential Biomarkers of the Disease in Response to Prolonged IFNγ Exposure
Authors: Chun Changho , Lee Jung Hyun , Bothwell Mark , Nghiem Paul , Smith Alec S.T. , Mack David L.
Published: February 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive motor neuron degeneration and muscle denervation. A recent transcriptomic study integrating a wide range of human ALS samples revealed that upregulation of p53, a downstream target of inflammatory stress, is commonly detected in familial and sporadic ALS cases by a mechanism linked to TDP-43 dysfunction. In this study, we show that prolonged IFNγ treatment of human iPSC-derived spinal motor neurons results in severe cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43. Either TDP-43 dysfunction resulting from IFNγ exposure or from an ALS-associated TDP-43 mutation was associated with activation of the p53 pathway. This was accompanied by hyperactivation of neuronal firing, followed by the complete loss of their electrophysiological function. Through comparative single-cell transcriptome analysis, we have identified significant alterations in ALS-associated genes in motor neurons exposed to IFNγ, implicating their direct involvement in ALS pathology. Interestingly, IFNγ was found to induce significant levels of PD-L1 expression in motor neurons without affecting the levels of any other immune checkpoint proteins. This finding suggests a potential role for excessive PD-L1 expression in ALS development, given that PD-L1 was recently reported to impair neuronal firing ability in mice. Our findings suggest that exposing motor neurons to IFNγ could directly derive ALS pathogenesis, even without the presence of inherent genetic mutation or functional glia component. Furthermore, this study provides a comprehensive list of potential candidate genes for future immunotherapeutic targets with which to treat sporadic forms of ALS, which account for 90% of all reported cases.

Significance statementALS is currently an incurable neurodegenerative disease that primarily damages motor function. 90% of the reported cases have unknown reasons, but their progression is extremely fast once triggered. A pathologic hallmark of ALS is an aggregation of RNA/DNA binding protein, TDP-43, but its pathologic link to the disease is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we found the Interferon-gamma (IFNγ), an immune-derived cytokine activates p53 pathway which appears in common in post-mortem ALS tissue. Importantly, IFNγ triggered a significant cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregation and impaired electrophysiological function of human motor neurons. Furthermore, we found that ALS risk genes related to the mitochondrial dysfunction are aberrantly expressed under the IFNγ exposure, which constitutes potential therapeutic targets of immune-dysregulated neurodegeneration in ALS.
Narrative Plenitude in The Ultimatum: Queer Love
Authors: Tongson Karen
Published: February 2024

This essay explores the styles of lesbian representation on display in the Netflix reality series, The Ultimatum: Queer Love. From its inclusion of masculine, non-binary cast members, to its in-jokes about instantaneous lesbian intimacy and attachment, the series offers what Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick wished for twenty years ago: a narrative plentitude that succeeds in capturing the quotidian messiness of lesbian desire and commitment.
“Documentary Filmmaking Is an Absolute Delight”
Authors: Kostina Anastasia
Published: February 2024

Vitaly Mansky is an internationally recognized documentary filmmaker whose writings, films, and programming practice have actively shaped the Russian documentary scene since the early 1990s. As a filmmaker, he has directed over thirty documentary productions that impress in their thematic scope and stylistic diversity. As the president of the ArtDocFest film festival, Mansky gave hundreds of independent filmmakers an opportunity to reach a broader audience. As a public figure, he has been vigorously promoting documentary cinema in his speeches and writing. In this interview with Film Quarterly, Mansky speaks about his path to documentary filmmaking, thoughts on documentary film form, the past and the future of Russian documentary cinema, his work as a curator and programmer, and his most recent documentary The Eastern Front (2023).
Relationship between maternal obesity and first-trimester TSH in women with negative anti-TPO antibodies
Authors: Croce Laura , Beneventi Fausta , Ripepi Federica , De Maggio Irene , Malovini Alberto , Bellingeri Camilla , Coperchini Francesca , Teliti Marsida , Rotondi Mario , Spinillo Arsenio , Magri Flavia
Published: February 2024

Objective

Obesity is associated with increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in non-pregnant subjects, but this phenomenon has not been fully characterized during pregnancy. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of BMI on first-trimester TSH in a wide cohort of pregnant women with negative anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (AbTPO) and its implications on uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), a marker of early placentation.

Methods

The study included 2268 AbTPO-negative pregnant women at their first antenatal visit. Anamnestic data, BMI, TSH, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) positivity and mean UtA-PI were collected.

Results

A total of 1693 women had normal weight, 435 were overweight and 140 were obese. Maternal age, ANA/ENA positivity, history of autoimmune diseases and familiar history of thyroid diseases were similar in the three groups. TSH was significantly higher in obese women (1.8 (IQR: 1.4–2.4) mU/L) when compared to normal weight (1.6 (IQR: 1.2–2.2) mU/L) and overweight (median: 1.6 (IQR: 1.2–2.2) mU/L) ones (P < 0.001). BMI was significantly related with the risk of having a TSH level ≥4 mU/L at logistic regression, independently from non-thyroid autoimmunity, smoking or familiar predisposition for thyroid diseases (OR: 1.125, 95% CI: 1.080–1.172, P < 0.001). A restricted cubic splines regression showed a non-linear relationship between BMI and TSH. Women with a TSH ≥4 mU/L had a higher UtA-PI, independently from BMI.

Conclusion

Overweight/obesity is significantly related with TSH serum levels in AbTPO-negative pregnant women, independently from the other risk factors for hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The increase of TSH levels could be clinically relevant, as suggested by its association with abnormal UtA-PI, a surrogate marker of abnormal placentation.
Role of blank moisturisation in press forming of paperboard
Authors: Berthold Lena , Niini Arvo , Tanninen Panu , Leminen Ville , Majschak Jens-Peter
Published: February 2024

To investigate the influence of blank moisture on the forming of paperboard, press forming experiments were performed with fixed blank setup and sliding blank setup to produce paperboard trays. The trays were rated by their forming height. Different moisturisation procedures were established to achieve one or double-sided surface moisturisation or homogenous moisture distributions in the blanks. Additionally, basic influences of moisture to paper-to-metal friction and tensile properties of the paperboard were measured. Surface moisturisation increased the paper-to metal friction and therefore limited the achievable forming heights in sliding blank press forming. The elongation at break of paperboard increased with increased sample moisture content. In the fixed blank press forming test this increase was not apparent in the data.
Design optimization and performance evaluation of corn straw crushing and rubbing filament machine
Authors: Du Jianqiang , Su He , Qian Shanzhu , De Xuehong
Published: February 2024

China produces a large amount of corn straw after the harvest of staple grains every year. Fodder application of corn straw can reduce the waste of straw resources. Such usage also can guarantee the supply of high-quality coarse fodder for livestock and help the development of husbandry and the increase of production and income of farmers and herdsmen in China. Based on the requirements of livestock for straw feed consumption, the corn straw treatment process engineering was studied, and the overall structure, transmission scheme, and main working components of the corn straw crushing and rubbing filament machine were designed. The equipment was developed with three-dimensional modeling and solid design. Key components were verified through finite element analysis. Finally, a prototype was produced for testing. The experimental results showed that when the moisture content of corn straw was tested to be 20%, the percentage of filamentous straw of the equipment was 97.2%, and the calibrated unit power productivity could reach 82.8 kg/(kW · h). Through experiments, all indicators of the equipment met the relevant technical standards of the straw crushing and rubbing filament machine, providing theoretical basis and technical support for the design of the straw crushing and rubbing filament machine.
Desarrollo y validación de un método full scan para determinar alcoholemia por cromatografía de gases con detección de espectrofotometría de masas simple cuadrupolo
Authors: Reyes Elder M. , Inostroza Luis A. , Castro Americo J. , Llacza Milagros M. , De la Cruz Max H.
Published: February 2024

La alcoholemia es una de las pruebas químicas realizadas con mayor frecuencia en los laboratorios forenses por lo que es imprescindible disponer de métodos analíticos exactos, precisos y adecuados para el propósito. El objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar y validar un método para determinar alcoholemia por cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas. Se desarrolló el método por inyección de espacio de cabeza estático empleando propan-1-ol como estándar interno, el cromatógrafo de gases se configuró a 40 ºC, la adquisición de datos del espectrómetro de masas fue en modo full scan (28 - 65 uma), los analitos se identificaron por comparación de los espectros de masas con las bibliotecas del espectrómetro de masas, el etanol se cuantificó considerando el fragmento iónico 31. El método desarrollado resultó selectivo (separó eficientemente el etanol del metanol, etanal, propanona, propan-1-ol y propan-2-ol con resolución superior a 3), sensible (los límites de detección y cuantificación fueron de 0,00213 g/L y 0,00710 g/L respectivamente), lineal (R2 = 0,9994, en el rango de trabajo de 0,1 g/L hasta 4,0 g/L), preciso (los coeficientes de variación fueron inferiores a 1,36 % y 1,97 % en la repetibilidad y precisión intermedia respectivamente), exacto (la recuperación obtenida fue del 98,4 % al 101,7 %) y robusto (estadísticamente se obtuvieron los mismos resultados al hacer variaciones mínimas en el método). Se concluye que el método desarrollado y validado para la determinación de alcoholemia por cromatografía de gases/espectrometría de masas es selectivo, sensible, lineal, preciso, exacto y robusto.
Síntesis de óxido de Titanio (IV) dopado con tierras raras para la remoción de Cianuro
Authors: León Ricardo , León Wilson , San Martin Delly , Valverde Sergio
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo se presenta la síntesis de Oxido de Titanio (IV) dopado con tierras raras para remoción de cianuro en sistemas acuosos. La síntesis se realizó por el método Sol-gel a partir de un precursor orgánico de Titanio que nos permite obtener la fase anatasa; se obtuvieron 4 materiales uno puro y 3 dopados con Lantano, Cesio y Europio al 1% de concentración molar respectivamente. Los materiales obtenidos se caracterizaron por Difracción de rayos x, Fluorescencia de rayos x, Espectroscopia infrarroja y Microscopia. A cada material de evaluó el porcentaje de remoción de cianuro aplicando una dosis de 1g/L de material a una solución acuosa de 40 mg/L de CN- con ayuda de un reactor con lampara UV que favorece la fotocatálisis y flujo continuo de la solución durante 120 min, cada 20 min se determinó la concentración de CN- para ello se validó un método espectrofotométrico en UV, que consistía en reaccionar la solución problema con Picrato sódico para obtener una coloración naranja rojizo.

Finalizado los tratamientos se pudo evidenciar la remoción de CN-, siendo más significativo con el TiO2.Ln 1%.
An Unusual Case of Denervation Changes of the Intercostal Muscles Associated with Intercostal Neuralgia in a Patient with Chest Pain
Authors: Botchu Rajesh , Aspland Lorraine , Ariyaratne Sisith , Burgess James , Bhogal Gurjit , Beale David
Published: February 2024

Musculoskeletal aetiologies account for most patients presenting with chest pain. Intercostal neuralgia is a lesser-known cause of musculoskeletal chest pain, which can present a diagnostic challenge with nonspecific imaging findings. We report a case of a 31-year-old male who presented with severe lower thoracic and chest wall pain following a suspected viral infection, where Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed characteristic features of denervation oedema within the affected intercostal muscles. This pattern of imaging findings in intercostal neuralgia is sparely described in the current literature. MRI along with history and examination was crucial in diagnosing the condition and excluding other potential causes of musculoskeletal chest wall pain on this occasion. The patient’s symptoms were subsequently managed conservatively. The case highlights the importance of considering intercostal neuralgia as a potential cause of chest wall pain, particularly in the setting of post viral infection and absence of preceding mechanical musculoskeletal injury and explores an uncommon yet characteristic imaging finding which may be important in diagnosing the condition.
تنفيذ إستراتيجية التعليم Group To Group Exchange "تبادل المجموعات" لترقية نشاط ونتائج تعلم طلاب
Authors: Ramli Lalu Abdul Aziz , Majid Agung Nurcholis , Rahmanudin Ii
Published: February 2024

Purpose-This study aims to determine the increase in learning activeness and learning outcomes of 5th grade students in Nahwu material through the Group To Goup Exchange Learning Strategy.

Design/Metodology/ Approach-This type of research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK). The number of students in class 5 is 16 students, while the object in this study is the application of the Group To Group Exchange Learning Strategy to improve student activeness and learning outcomes in Nahwu subjects. To obtain the necessary data, this study used interviews, observations, tests, and documentation. And analyze it with several indicators that have been formulated by the researcher.

Findings-The results of this study are as follows: 1) that the application of the Group To Group Exchange Learning Strategy can increase student learning activeness in 5th grade Nahwu material at the al-ikhlas al-islamy Kaliaji Islamic boarding school in Central Lombok. In cycle I, active students were 6 students out of 16 students or 37.5% of the total number of students, while in cycle II active students were 16 students out of 16 students or 100% of the total number of students, so the increase in active students in cycle I and II was 10 students or 62.5%. 2) the application of the Group To Group Exchange Strategy can improve student learning outcomes in 5th grade Nahwu material at the al-ikhlas al-islamy Kaliaji Islamic boarding school in Central Lombok. In cycle I, there were 7 students who had reached the KKM out of 16 students or 43.75%, then the increase in student learning outcomes in cycles I and II was 9 students or 56.25% who had reached the KKM score of the total number of students.

Research limitation- Therefore, the Group To Group Exchange Strategy can be used in learning Arabic to the increase in learning activeness and learning outcomes
ASPECTOS ESPECÍFICOS DE LA GARANTÍA LEGAL SOBRE LA COMPRA DE VIVIENDA NUEVA EN EL DERECHO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Palacio-Iza Dafne Lorena
Published: February 2024

Con el propósito de velar por los Derechos del Consumidor inmobiliario en Colombia, existe todo un ordenamiento jurídico del cual se deduce que, frente al incumplimiento de un productor o proveedor inmobiliario, es imperativo que el consumidor tenga en cuenta una serie de aspectos muy puntuales para exigir la efectividad de la garantía con la que cuente la vivienda objeto de litigio. Sin embargo, esto no es una misión fácilmente ejecutable, comoquiera que existen ciertos óbices en la aplicación de las normas de protección al consumidor, relacionados con concepciones determinantes para establecer, verbigracia, el tipo de garantía ejecutable en cada caso.Con arreglo de lo anterior, el objetivo del presente manuscrito es precisar los desafíos a los que se enfrenta el consumidor inmobiliario cuando exige la efectividad de la garantía legal sobre vivienda nueva en Colombia, con miras a reflejar la vía que ha de seguir para avanzar hacia la protección eficaz de sus Derechos.Respecto a los resultados, se identificaron como principales desafíos que obstaculizan la prosperidad de una demanda en la que se exige la efectividad de la garantía sobre una vivienda nueva: la elección del tipo de garantía y su término de vencimiento; la prescripción y sus supuestos en la acción de protección al consumidor; y, el adelantamiento de la reclamación directa oportuna. Estos retos en la aplicación de la norma evocan una contradicción entre el ser y el deber ser, procedente de una insuficiente adecuación entre la realidad que viven los consumidores inmobiliarios y los vacíos existentes en una normatividad que aspira protegerlos.
De la memoria histórica al derecho a las memorias colectivas
Authors: Mendoza-Pulido Fabián
Published: February 2024

Este artículo defiende un giro en la concepción del derecho a la memoria. A partir de la recopilación de material documental en materia de derechos humanos (especialmente normas del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano y sentencias de tribunales internacionales de derechos humanos), y del tratamiento que algunos autores han ofrecido sobre el tema, se realiza un análisis teórico (ético-filosófico) y jurídico del concepto de memoria. Se aboga por un derecho a las memorias colectivas que, desde un enfoque hermenéutico, incluya la diversidad de relatos sobre las afectaciones que han sufrido las comunidades, en contraste con la pretensión, hasta ahora dominante, de una memoria histórica -oficial- que instituye una pretendida verdad por correspondencia con los hechos. Esta última, tiende a homogenizar y ocultar diferentes sentidos sobre el conflicto, que invisibiliza las versiones de algunos sectores de la sociedad o de ciertos grupos y comunidades, con lo que se corre el riesgo de quedar excluidos de los procesos de memoria. De esta manera, este nuevo enfoque permite avanzar en una concepción teórica y conceptual que, si bien ya ha sido tratada y desarrollada en algunas disciplinas de las ciencias humanas, está en mora de ser aplicada al estándar de los derechos humanos para potenciar las transiciones democráticas.
CARACTERÍSTICAS ESENCIALES DEL GOBIERNO ELECTRÓNICO EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Quintero-Sastoque Camilo Andrés
Published: February 2024

El Gobierno Electrónico en Colombia es en la actualidad una figura relevante y una herramienta indispensable para el buen desarrollo de la administración pública en pro de favorecer los fines esenciales del Estado. Por tal motivo, en el presente artículo de investigación, se nombrarán los elementos más importantes que complementan toda una gama de componentes que conllevan a gestionar la relación directa e indirecta que se tiene con los administrados, gracias al buen uso de las tecnologías de la información y a sus regulaciones innovadoras. Así las cosas, se plantea la pregunta de investigación ¿Cuáles son las características y problemas de la implementación del e-government en Colombia? Teniendo como objetivo verificar y analizar los problemas que se pueden presentar conforme a la aplicación de la norma, en efecto, se estudiará la Ley 1437 del año 2011 con el fin particular de analizar todos los componentes y lograr así un mejor entendimiento. En consecuencia, el método de investigación utilizado es de carácter cualitativo, mediante la técnica del análisis doctrinal y jurídico en donde se plasman elementos de interpretación para lograr obtener argumentos esenciales en la investigación y poder comprender a fondo la normatividad existente sobre la materia.
The Genetic Paradigm of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) in the Afro-Caribbean Population
Authors: Cerbon Danielle , Taylor Daphanie , Barreto-Coelho Priscila , Rodriguez Estelamari , Schlumbrecht Matthew , Hurley Judith , George Sophia H.L.
Published: February 2024

Differences in tumor biology and genetic predisposition have been suggested as factors influencing overall survival and increased mortality in Black breast and ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, it is key to evaluate genetic susceptibilities in Afro-Caribbean patients because the black population in the US is not homogeneous. Identifying a high incidence of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) in Afro-Caribbean countries can lead to understanding the pattern of inherited traits in US-Caribbean immigrants and their subsequent generations. The paucity of projects studying the genetic landscape in these populations makes it difficult to design studies aimed at optimizing screening and prophylaxis strategies, which in turn, improve survival and mortality rates. This scoping review identifies and categorizes current research on the genetic paradigm of HBOC in the Afro-Caribbean population. We performed an evaluation of the evidence and generated a summary of findings according to preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We included articles that assessed the incidence and prevalence of pathologic germline mutations and experience/barriers for genetic testing in Afro-Caribbean Countries and US-Caribbean patients. Our results highlight countries where genetic landscapes remain severely understudied and support recommending multigene testing in Caribbean-born patients. They highlight a need for further research on the genetic paradigm of HBOC in the Afro-Caribbean population to improve genetic testing/counseling and the subsequent adoption of early detection and risk reduction strategies.
THERMAL ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE SYNGAS COMBUSTION APPLIED TO A MICRO-GAS TURBINE
Authors: Kaewpradap Amornrat , Jugjai S.
Published: February 2024

In this study, we focused on the thermal analysis and improvement of municipal solid waste (MSW) syngas combustion in a can-combustor of a micro-gas turbine. We used Ansys Fluent 2022 R1 to analyze the numerical can-combustor model. The five different MSW syngas compositions (Syngas 1-5) evaluated in this numerical study were obtained using a plasma-assisted gasification process. In the thermal analysis, the average temperature of the primary (Tp,avg), secondary (Ts,avg), and outlet (Tout,avg) zones of the micro-gas turbine were investigated and validated. The temperature distributions were studied using a numerical model of methane (CH4) combustion characteristics in the can-combustor of the micro-gas turbine, which were validated using previously published work with 2.66%, 7.00%, and 3.81% differences in the Tp,avg, Ts,avg, and Tout,avg values, respectively. The validated model was applied to the five different MSW syngas compositions. Their combustion produced significantly lower temperatures in the three zones due to the very low heating value of syngas compared to CH4. Among the lower combustion temperatures of the five MSW syngas samples, the temperature distribution of Syngas 1 was the same as that for CH4. Thus, hydrogen (H2) was added to the MSW syngas samples to increase their heating values and make them equal to that of CH4. These gases were used to enhance the temperature in the micro-gas turbine. In this study, the addition of H2 had the potential to improve the thermal performance and enhance the temperature distribution to the same level as CH4 combustion in a micro-gas turbine.
SCIENTIFIC BASES OF EFFECTIVE WORK OF THE MECHANISM OF MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Osh State University, Toktorov Kubanych , Kantoroeva Gulzat ,   Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn, Batyr uulu Altynbek ,   Osh Techonological University
Published: February 2024

The article explores the scientific foundations of the effective operation of the management mechanism of agricultural enterprises of the Kyrgyz Republic (KR), clarifies their theoretical and methodological provisions. The subject of the research is agricultural enterprises, and the purpose of the research is to study the effective operation of the management mechanism of agricultural enterprises. According to the results of the study, the significance and role of scientific and technological progress in the agricultural sector, the ways of using mathematical methods and models in the management of agricultural production, analysis and projection of information flows into the agricultural management system are clarified, information systems are proposed that ensure the effectiveness of management in agricultural production.
Urban morphology of the Medina of Tangier, Morocco: Evidence of the Islamic and Portuguese invasions from the 15th to the 20th centuries
Authors: Flain Eleana Patta , Neumann Helena Rodi , Neumann Odirlei
Published: February 2024

This work aims to present aspects of the urbanization process by Arab and Portuguese colonizers in Tangier, an important Moroccan port city, located on the Strait of Gibraltar. By consulting bibliography and cartographic bases in a time frame from the 15th to the 20th centuries, we presented some hypotheses about the permanence of the ancient in current urbanism, identifying the most relevant architectural facts of the Medina of Tangier from the urban morphology point of view. Urban heritage is highlighted, including the urban march, the limits of the walls, the expansion axes, the new centralities, the military architecture, the religious architecture and the squares. Those are changes of use in historic buildings, and memories of European time that “reverberates” in the present. We conclude with a synthesis of the urban elements brought by the colonizers that contributed to its current architectural identity.
Elutriator operation protocol v1
Authors: A Schlenker Casey
Published: February 2024

Operation of The OSU Soybean Pathology and Nematology elutriator
Fixative preparation for Baermann funnel extraction v1
Authors: A Schlenker Casey
Published: February 2024

Fixative preparation for Baermann funnel extraction
OMS Atlas OCT Spatial Mapping - Limited v1
Authors: Johnson Brett , Galipeau Danielle , Thomas George
Published: February 2024

This protocol describes the procedure by which the OMS Atlas serially sections an OCT block, prepares the resulting slides and samples, and then distributes the specimens for downstream analysis.
A method to prepare Sera-Mag SpeedBeads for purification and size selection of nucleic acids v2
Authors: B. Ridenour John , Donczew Rafal
Published: February 2024

In this protocol, we describe a method to prepare Sera-Mag Speedbeads for purification and size selection of nucleic acids. We additionally describe a method to validate speedbead preparations and a general method for purification of nucleic acids using speedbeads. This protocol is based on previously described methods (DeAngelis et al., 1995; Rohland and Reich, 2012; Glenn et al., 2019; Jolivet and Foley, 2020; and Möller et al., 2023). We use homebrewed speedbeads as a cost-effective substitute for commercial solid-phase reversible immobilization (SPRI) products (e.g., Mag-Bind TotalPure NGS Beads, AMPure XP) during the preparation of samples for high-throughput sequencing and other applications. The amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium chloride (NaCl), which drive SPRI activity, have been optimized to meet our needs. REFERENCES DeAngelis MM, Wang DG, Hawkins TL (1995). Solid-phase reversible immobilization for the isolation of PCR products. Nucleic Acids Research, 23(22), 4742. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/23.22.4742 Glenn TC, Nilsen RA, Kieran TJ, Sanders JG, Bayona-Vásquez NJ, Finger JW, Pierson TW, Bentley KE, Hoffberg SL, Louha S, Garcia-De Leon FJ, Del Rio Portilla MA, Reed KD, Anderson JL, Meece JK, Aggrey SE, Rekaya R, Alabady M, Belanger M, Winker K, Faircloth BC (2019). Adapterama I: universal stubs and primers for 384 unique dual-indexed or 147,456 combinatorially-indexed Illumina libraries (iTru & iNext).PeerJ,7, e7755. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7755 Jolivet P, FoleyJW (2020).SPRI bead mix.protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bnz4mf8w Möller M, Ridenour JB, Wright DF, Martin FA, Freitag M (2023). H4K20me3 is important for Ash1-mediated H3K36me3 and transcriptional silencing in facultative heterochromatin in a fungal pathogen. PLOS Genetics 19(9), e1010945. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010945 Rohland, N., & Reich, D. (2012). Cost-effective, high-throughput DNA sequencing libraries for multiplexed target capture.Genome Research,22(5), 939-946. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.128124.111
The Construction of Complex Sentences with Predicative Phrases of Transitive Verbs in Japanese Language Learners Utterances: A Transformational Generative Grammar Study
Authors: Mintarsih Mintarsih
Published: February 2024

This research examines how fukubun (complex sentence) with transitive verbs is constructed in the utterance of Japanese language learners in universities. The fukubun constructions are described and analyzed through transformational generative grammar. This research method is descriptive-qualitative, with data collection techniques in the form of semi-structured interviews. Data analysis uses an analytical approach of transformational generative grammar, namely analysis of phrase structure rules and analysis of the transformation process. The results showed that there were 4 (four) types of B-derived constructs, namely: BB type, BB (1) type, BB (2) type, and BB (3) type. Among the four types of derivatives, type BB construction is dominant in the utterance of learners. This is indicated by the tendency to use the BB-type construction when describing various situations, even though the utterance events use various conjunctions. The dominance of the BB-type shows that the utterances by learners are still relatively simple because it only requires one object in the subordination clause and main clause. Furthermore, B fukubun found eight varieties of conjunctive transformation used in this type. All varieties of conjunctive transformation appeared in the BB-type construction, with relatively frequent use of causality, serial, selection/alternative, and temporal conjunctions. The T-process analysis shows several tendencies in the elementary transformation process in the utterance, namely the omission of the subject in both the subordination clause or the main clause, the merger of the subject or the predicate of the verb, whereas in causality conjunctive transformation learners showed a more varied and complex T-process.
The Use of Padlet to Enhance Japanese Learners' Collaborative Learning of Basic Composition Writing Skills (Sakubun)
Authors: Aneros Noviyanti , Herniwati Herniwati
Published: February 2024

The integration between the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the education sector requires teachers and students to utilize nowadays technologies, one of them is Padlet. Padlet is a web-based application that enables users to write or pin-up files such as pictures on its’ virtual walls. This study aims the utilization of Padlet to enhance students' Japanese composition skills in a Japanese basic writing class (Shokyu Sakubun). Involving a class of 15 (fifteen) students enrolled in a basic writing course at a state university in Bandung, West Java, this study attained the data through pre-test, post-test, and students' essay observations during four times treatments and questionnaires. The findings showed that there is a significant increase in the average grades after using Padlet for collaborative learning in basic Japanese writing courses, which is seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test. It can be interpreted that Padlet was helpful for Japanese learners to improve their competence in Japanese writing skills. The findings also showed that the respondents gave positive responses to Padlet utilization. Further, Padlet can be used not only as a medium in teaching but also as a medium to store and distribute teaching materials from teachers to students or vice versa, hence it is useful as an application to enhance Japanese language learning in general.
Yoga: An Exploration of Its Cultural Adaptation and Practice in Japan
Authors: Kamraju M , Sonaji Devkar Bhausaheb
Published: February 2024

This research paper aims to explore the cultural adaptation and practice of yoga in Japan. It investigates the historical development of yoga in Japan, examining how it was introduced and integrated into Japanese culture. The paper also delves into the cultural influences that shaped the adoption and evolution of yoga in the country, both from traditional and modern perspectives. Furthermore, it examines the role of yoga in Japanese religious and spiritual traditions, highlighting the syntheses between yoga and Zen Buddhism. The study also explores the incorporation of yoga as a form of physical exercise in Japanese society, examining its impact on health, fitness, and body culture. Additionally, it investigates the connection between yoga and Japanese martial arts, analyzing the integration of mind-body practices. The paper further investigates the integration of yoga in Japanese education, exploring its inclusion in school curricula and its effects on students. It also examines yoga retreats and centers in Japan, analyzing them as spaces for spiritual growth and personal transformation. Moreover, the research paper explores the different styles and methods of yoga practiced in Japan, examining adaptations, innovations, and variations. Finally, it discusses the social and cultural impacts of yoga on Japanese society, including community building, wellness movements, and lifestyle trends. Through this comprehensive exploration, the paper provides valuable insights into the cultural adaptation and practice of yoga in Japan, shedding light on its unique manifestation in the country's rich cultural tapestry.
Assessment of Temporal Trend in Surface Air Temperatures across Some Selected Eco-Climatic Zones in Nigeria
Authors:   Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria, KING L.E. , Udo S.O. , Ewona I.O. , Amadi S.O. , Ebong E.B. , Umoh M.D.
Published: February 2024

Temporal trends in surface air temperatures across some selected eco-climatic zones in Nigeria from 1981 to 2018 were assessed using the Merra-2 reanalysis dataset. A total of 15 stations spread across the eco-climatic zones in Nigeria were used for this study. The Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend test was used to detect direction, significance, coefficients of time trends, while the linear regression and the Sen’s slope trend tests were used to estimate the trend magnitudes. The M-K trend test showed that the surface air maximum temperature of 14 stations had monotonic increasing trends, of which 13 stations were statistically significant at the 0.01 significance level, and 1 station was statistically significant at the 0.05 significance level. However, the M-K trend test also showed that surface air minimum temperature for all the 15 stations (representing 100%), showed monotonic upward trends, statistically significant at the 0.01 significance level. The Sen's slope and linear trend tests showed higher trend magnitudes at most stations, particularly stations in the Guinea-wooded, Sudan and Sahel savannas. The estimated mean trend magnitudes of maximum and minimum air surface temperatures increased by approximately 0.035°C/year and 0.036°C/year, respectively. The estimated mean air surface temperature increased by approximately 0.036°C/year and approximately 1.4°C for Nigeria over the 38-year period. The study then presents a linear trend projection of mean air surface temperature increase in Nigeria of approximately 4.3°C by 2100. This is 0.2°C below maximum levels and within the range of approximately 1.5 to 4.5°C that global air surface temperature is projected to rise by 2100 in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2007 report. The M-K and linear trend tests were fully consistent with the standardized time series anomaly plots. Mean annual values of the air surface temperatures showed latitudinal dependence. The manifestation of significant long-term trends at high confidence levels in the air surface temperatures over the period, provides a clear evidence that the climate of Nigeria is witnessing a possible human-induced radiative forcing and a strong tendency for the occurrences of climate-related extreme events and their resulting adverse implications.
LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DERS İMECESİNE DAYALI OLARAK HAZIRLANAN MATEMATİK DERSİNE İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Çiçek Mehmet İsa , Akgün Levent
Published: February 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin fonksiyonlar konusunda ders imecesi kullanılarak tasarlanan matematik dersine ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmaya 10. Sınıflarda öğrenim gören toplam 20 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin görüşleri imece uygulaması ile gerçekleştirilen fonksiyon öğretimi sonrasında alınmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak 9 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, öğrencilerin çoğunluğu imece uygulamasının verimli olduğunu, imece uygulaması ile gerçekleştirilen dersin daha anlaşılır ve etkili olduğunu, katılım sağladığını öğrenmeye olumlu katkısının olduğunu, öğrenci başarısına olumlu katkı sağladığını, derse yönelik ilgiyi arttırdığını, ancak zaman alan bir uygulama olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca, öğrenciler, imece uygulamasının fonksiyonlar konusunu daha iyi anlama ve özümsemeye katkı sağladığını düşünmektedirler
ASİMETRİK BİLGİ TEORİSİNİN SAĞLIK SEKTORÜ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ANALİZİ: KÜTAHYA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Hızarcı Beşer Berna , Dönmez Sena
Published: February 2024

Asimetrik bilginin en yoğun yaşandığı piyasaların başında sağlık sektörü gelmektedir. Sağlık sektöründe, belirsizlik algısının artması, memnuniyet duygusunun azalması, güvensizliklerin artması, ekonomik kayıpların artması ve bilgi ihtiyacı eksiklikleri çoğunlukla asimetrik bilgiden kaynaklanmaktadır. Günümüzde sağlık hizmetlerinde beklentilerin pandemi sonrasında değişmesi ekonomik açıdan ülkelerin ekonomisini zora sokmuştur. Bu yüzden ekonomik açıdan kayıplara neden olan ve sağlık sektöründe teknik bilginin giderek artması asimetrik enformasyon sorununun araştırılmasına ve önemine vurgu yapan çalışmaların artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Kütahya ilinde sağlık sektöründe asimetrik bilginin etkileri ve boyutu Kütahya’da ikamet eden 2021 ile 2022 yıllarında en az bir defa hastaneye gitmiş 400 bireye anket verileri ile araştırılmıştır. Asimetrik bilgiyi etkileyen/belirleyen beş adet faktör tespit edilmiş, memnuniyet düzeyinin cinsiyete göre, memnuniyet ve bilgi ihtiyacının ise medeni duruma göre değişkenlik gösterdiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. ANOVA sonuçlarına göre bilgi ihtiyacı ile yaş, gelir düzeyi, meslek grupları, eğitim düzeyi arasında; memnuniyet ile gelir düzeyi ve tercih edilen hastane türü arasında, ayrıca güven ile gelir düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin varlığına dair bulgular elde edilmiştir.
Peer Support Groups Integrated with Trauma-Sensitive Yoga for Women Survivors of Sexual Violence: A Feasibility Study and Qualitative Examination
Authors: Wehrmann Rowan , Dietrich Kelsey M. , Nguyen-Feng Viann N.
Published: February 2024

Trauma Center Trauma-Sensitive Yoga (TCTSY) is an evidence-based yoga protocol and approach used for somatic trauma care. Seven women participated in a 12-week TCTSY-integrated peer support group for sexual violence survivors at a community rape crisis center. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted: interview 1 at 1–2 months post-group, interview 2 at 8–9 months post-group, and interview 3 at 24–33 months post-group. Thematic analysis was conducted following Clandinin and Connelly's three-dimensional space approach. Participants described themes related to improvements in trauma symptoms, mind-body connection, present-centered awareness, self-regulation, and relationships with self and others. Changes were sustained at the final interview. TCTSY-integrated peer support groups appeared feasible and acceptable to women victim-survivors of sexual violence.