bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation Insights from Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Opisthopappus Species in the Taihang Mountains
Authors: Chen Ning , Zhang Hao , Zang En , Liu Zhi-Xia , Lan Ya-Fei , Hao Wei-Li , He Shan , Fan Xing , Sun Gen-Lou , Wang Yi-Ling
Published: December 2021

Opisthopappus is a major wild source of Asteraceae with good cold and drought resistance. Two species of this genus (Opisthopappus taihangensis and Opisthopappus longilobus) have been employed as model systems to address the evolutionary history of perennial herb biomes in the Taihang Mountains of China. However, further studies on the adaptive divergence processes of these two species are currently impeded by the lack of genomic resources. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved, a comparative analysis of these two species was conducted. Among the identified transcription factors, the bHLH members were most prevalent, which exhibited significantly different expression levels in the terpenoid metabolic pathway. O. longilobus revealed a higher expression than did O. taihangensis in terms of terpenes biosynthesis and metabolism, particularly regarding monoterpenoids and diterpenoids. Analyses of the positive selection genes (PSGs) identified from O. taihangensis and O. longilobus, 1203 genes were found that related to adaptative divergence, which were under rapid evolution and/or have signs of positive selection. Different PSG expressions occurred primarily in the mitochondrial electron transport, starch degradation, secondary metabolism, as well as nucleotide synthesis and S-metabolism pathway processes. Two PSGs were obviously differentially expressed in terpenes biosynthesis that might result in the fragrances divergence between O. longilobus and O. taihangensis, which would provide insights as to how the two species adapted to different environments, characterized by sub-humid warm temperate and temperate continental monsoon climates. The comparative analysis for these two species of Opisthopappus not only revealed how the divergence occurred from molecular perspective, but also provided novel insights into how differential adaptations occurred in Taihang Mountains.
Boosting Photocatalytic Efficiency of MoS2/CdS By Modulating Morphology
Authors: Sun Yubing , Xiao Jingting , Huang Xinshui , Mei Peng , Wang Huihui , Sun Yubing
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of nuclear-related industries in the world, the consequent environmental pollution of radionuclides has become an increasingly serious problem due to the great harm to environmental diversity and human health. The photocatalytic removal of radionuclide on CdS-based photocatalysts has been attracted widely attentions due to the suitable band gap and high photocatalytic efficiency. In this study, approximately 97.5% of U(VI) was photo-catalytically reduced into U(IV) by 2.5 wt% MoS2/CdS composite within 15 min. After 5 cycles, 2.5 wt% MoS2/CdS composite still exhibited the high removal efficiency of U(VI) under 50 min irradiation, indicating the good stability. The findings indicated that CdS-based catalyst has a great potential for the photocatalytic reduction of uranyl in actual environmental remediation.
Clues To Mortality Trends And Their Related Factors In IgG4-Related Disease: A Japanese Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Kawahara Hiroyuki , Mizushima Ichiro , Tsuge Shunsuke , Shin Seung , Yoshinobu Takahiro , Hoshiba Ryohei , Nishioka Ryo , Zoshima Takeshi , Hara Satoshi , Ito Kiyoaki , Kawano Mitsuhiro
Published: December 2021

Background: Few observations on the long-term prognosis have been conducted in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) patients with various organ involvement, not limited to autoimmune pancreatitis. Especially, mortality and its related factors in patients with IgG4-RD with various organ involvement are not well known. This study aimed to clarify mortality trends and its related factors in IgG4-RD with various organ involvement.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with IgG4-RD at a single center in Japan. We calculated the crude mortality rate and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) using national Japan mortality statistics and investigated the cause of death. We performed Cox regression analyses to assess mortality-related factors.Results: A total of 179 patients with IgG4-RD were included and the median follow-up from diagnosis was 47 months (IQR 19-96). Ten patients (5.6%) in our cohort died during the follow-up period. The crude mortality rate was 11.1 per 1,000 person-years. According to national Japan mortality statistics, 11.6 age- and sex-matched deaths would have been expected to occur within the follow-up period, resulting in an SMR of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-1.59). Univariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the number of affected organs at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.02-2.05), eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m2 at diagnosis (vs. ≥45, HR 8.48, 95% CI 2.42-29.79), and the presence of malignancy during the clinical course (HR 3.93, 95% CI 1.10-14.02) had a significant impact on the time to death.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that IgG4-RD does not significantly affect long-term patient survival. On the other hand, multi-organ involvement and renal dysfunction as well as malignancy might be associated with higher mortality trends in IgG4-RD. Early detection and appropriate management of risk factors may improve the long-term prognosis of IgG4-RD.
A Cognitive Research on Doctor Metaphor and Doctor-Patient Relationship Metaphor
Authors: Yang Youwen , Jia Xie , Meirongzi Xu
Published: December 2021

From the perspective of "conceptual metaphor" in cognitive linguistics, 11 kinds of doctor metaphors and 6 kinds of doctor-patient relationship metaphors are reached by a tentative study. Based on nearly 300 questionnaires and interviews with 20 doctors and patients, this paper discusses and analyzes: 1) the current situation of doctor-patient relationship; 2) the understanding of "doctor metaphor" and "doctor-patient relationship metaphor" from both perspectives of doctors and patients, and finds out the similarities and differences; 3) the collection of doctor's description of doctor occupation and patient's description of medical experience, and with the combination of 1) and 2), this paper suggests the measures to alleviate the medical disputes. Medical conflict is a perpetual and intricate social issue, which involves doctor, patient, hospital, government and etc. It is not supposed to be solved in a short time, whereas requires the endeavor of generation after generation.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Topical Cyclosporine Are Associated with Conjunctival Microbiota Culture Positivity in Korean Patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Moon Jayoon , Lee Yunjin , Kim Mee Kum
Published: December 2021

BackgroundStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an abnormal immune-response causing extensive exfoliation of the mucocutaneous tissue including conjunctiva. While several factors are associated with the alteration of conjunctival microbiota, the conjunctiva of SJS patients are found to harbor a different microbiota compared to healthy subjects. We investigated the conjunctival microbiota of Korean SJS patients, and identified factors associated with the conjunctival microbiota and its positive culture.MethodsMedical records were retrospectively reviewed in 30 SJS patients who had undergone conjunctival swab culture sampling. Chronic ocular surface complications score (COCS), tear break-up time (TBUT), tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and results of conjunctival swab culture were assessed.Results Positive culture was seen in 58.1%. Gram positive bacteria was most commonly isolated, among which Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (45.5%) and Corynebacterium species (40.9%) were predominantly observed. Tear MMP9 positivity was observed significantly more in the positive culture group (100%) compared to the negative culture group (75%) (P = 0.040). In patients who had repetitive cultures, positive- persistence group had more patients using topical cyclosporine compared to the negative-transition group (90.0% vs 33.3%, respectively, P = 0.041). No significant difference was found between COCS and conjunctival swab culture result, and the same as in TBUT and conjunctival swab culture result.ConclusionOur study suggest that tear MMP9 positivity may reflect the presence of an abnormal ocular surface microbiota and topical cyclosporine may be related to persistent culture positivity in SJS patients.
Estimation and Prediction of Riverbank Erosion Susceptibility and Shifting Rate Using DSAS, BEHI, and REBVI Models: Evidence from the Lower Ganga River in India
Authors: Hasanuzzaman Md. , Bera Biswajit , Islam Aznarul , Shit Pravat Kumar
Published: December 2021

The process of riverbank erosion (RE) is often accelerated by natural events and anthropogenic activities leading to the transformation of this natural process to natural hazard. The present study aims to estimate bank erosion rate and prediction of the lower Ganga River in India using digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) model. The prediction of RE susceptibility mapping has been generated using three ensemble models such as DSAS, bank erosion hazard index (BEHI), and river embankment breaching vulnerability index (REBVI). For the study satellite images and field data (bank materials, geotechnical parameters, embankment structure, hydraulic pressure etc.) have been used to recognize the river bank position and BEHI and REBVI scores. During 1973-2020, the average bank erosion and accretion rate was found 0.059 km/y and 0.022 km/y at the left bank while 0.026 km/y and 0.046 at the right bank respectively. The prediction results illustrated that the very high vulnerable condition of 06 villages and 21 villages for high vulnerable due to left bank erosion. BEHI and REBVI scores have been the significant performance of understanding and identification of RE vulnerable areas. The long-term (2020-2045) average erosion and deposition rate was predicted at 0.135 km/y and 0.024 km/y at the left bank and 0.043 km/y and 0.045 km/y at the right bank respectively. The prediction accuracy and validation of models were measures by statistical techniques such as student’s t-test, RMSE, and R2 values. This study would be help planners and decision makers the spatial guidelines to understanding future trends of bank erosion and shifting rate for land-use planning and management strategies to protect riverbank.
Ultralight ultrafast enzymes
Authors: Zhang Xuepei , Meng Zhaowei , Beusch Christian , Gharibi Hassan , Cheng Qing , Stefano Luciano , Wang Jijing , Saei Amir , Vegvari Akos , Gaetani Massimiliano , Zubarev Roman
Published: December 2021

Inorganic materials depleted of heavy stable isotopes are known to deviate strongly in some physico-chemical properties from their isotopically natural (native) counterparts; however, in biotechnology such effects have not been investigated yet. Here we explored for the first time the effect of simultaneous depletion of the heavy carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen isotopes on the bacterium E. coli and the enzymes expressed in it. Bacteria showed faster growth, with proteins exhibiting higher thermal stability, while for recombinant enzymes expressed in ultralight media, faster kinetics was discovered. At room temperature, luciferase, thioredoxin and dihydrofolate reductase showed a 40-250% increase in activity compared to the native counterparts. The efficiency of ultralight Pfu DNA polymerase in polymerase chain reaction was also significantly higher than that of the normal enzyme. At 10 °C, the advantage factor of ultralight enzymes typically increased by 50%, which points towards the reduction in structural entropy as the main factor explaining the kinetic effect of heavy isotope depletion. Ultralight enzymes may find an application where extreme reaction rates are required.
Sero-prevalence of hepatitis b virus and associated factors among pregnant women’s attending antenatal clinics in public hospitals of Hawassa City, Sidama, Ethiopia, 2021. Multicenter cross sectional study
Authors: Bogale Mekonnen , Balta Bargude
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Estimated 350 million people had been diagnosed for chronic HBV infection and 686,000 people die each year which is an important global public health. This study is expected to provide area-specific information for decision-makers by visualizing prevalence and its associated factors OF HBV.Objective: The aim of this study to access prevalence HBV sero-prevalence and associative factors among pregnant women’s attending ANC in public hospitals of Hawassa City , 2021.Method: A analytic cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women at Public Hospital in Hawassa city from May 20-July 30/2021. A total of 320 participants were selected. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive statics used to determine prevalence of HBV; Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify the independent predictors of HBV status at p-value <0.05. Results:Results: From total of 320 pregnant women participated in the study twenty two are HBV positive which makes overall prevalence From total of 320 pregnant women participated in the study twenty two are HBV positive which makes overall prevalence [6.9 % (95%,CI (6.6%, 7.2%))]. in study area history of transfusion (AOR = 18.99, 95%CI, (2.1–171)). Pregnant women having history of vulvar ulcer were nearly fifteen times more likely to acquire HBV infection comparing having no history of vulvar ulcer (AOR = 14.78; 95%CI (1.12–194.4)) and Women who had history and those with contact jaundice patients (AOR = 127.6; 95%CI (12–134)) were independently predictors of HBV.Conclusion: Intermediate endemicity of prevalence of hepatitis HBV was detected in study area. Blood transfusion, history of Vulvar ulcer and history of contact with jaundice patient were found to be the determinant factors of sero-positivity of HBV. Awareness creation on HBV transmission and early screening of HBV at blood donation site important to reduce HBV endemicity.
Tetracycline Adsorption from Aqueous Media by Magnetically Separable Fe3O4@Methylcellulose/APTMS (Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies)
Authors: Maleky Sobhan , Asadipour Ali , Nasiri Alireza , Luque Rafael , Faraji Maryam
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to synthesize Fe3O4@Methylcellulose/3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Fe3O4@MC/APTMS) as a new magnetic nano-biocomposite by a facile, fast, and new microwave-assisted method and to be utilized as an adsorbent for tetracycline (TC) removal from aqueous solutions. Fe3O4@MC/APTMS was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The point of zero charge (pHzpc) value of the nano-biocomposite was estimated to be 6.8 by the solid addition method. Optimum conditions were obtained in TC concentration: 10 mg L−1, adsorbent dosage: 80 mg L−1, contact time: 90 min, and solution pH: 6 with the maximum TC removal of 90% and 65.41% in synthetic and actual samples, respectively. The kinetic and isotherm equations pointed to a pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm optimum fitting models. Based on the values of entropy changes (ΔS) (50.04 J/mol k), the enthalpy changes (ΔH) (9.26 kJ/mol), and the negative Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG), the adsorption process was endothermic, random, and spontaneous. The synthesized adsorbent exhibited outstanding properties, including proper removal efficiency of TC, excellent reusability, and simple separation from aqueous media by a magnet. Consequently, it is highly desirable that Fe3O4@MC/APTMS magnetic nano-biocomposite could be used as a promising adsorbent for TC adsorption from aqueous solutions.
Transferability of Deep Learning Models for Focus Quality Assessment in Digital Pathology
Authors: Miles Adyn , Hosseini Mahdi S. , Tang Sheyang , Wang Zhou , Damaskinos Savvas , Plataniotis Konstantinos N.
Published: December 2021

Out-of-focus sections of whole slide images are a significant source of false positives and other systematic errors in clinical diagnoses. As a result, focus quality assessment (FQA) methods must be able to quickly and accurately differentiate between focus levels in a scan. Recently, deep learning methods using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been adopted for FQA. However, the biggest obstacles impeding their wide usage in clinical workflows are their generalizability across different test conditions and their potentially high computational cost. In this study, we focus on the transferability and scalability of CNN-based FQA approaches. We carry out an investigation on ten architecturally diverse networks using five datasets with stain and tissue diversity. We evaluate the computational complexity of each network and scale this to realistic applications involving hundreds of whole slide images. We assess how well each full model transfers to a separate, unseen dataset without fine-tuning. We show that shallower networks transfer well when used on small input patch sizes, while deeper networks work more effectively on larger inputs. Furthermore, we introduce neural architecture search (NAS) to the field and learn an automatically designed low-complexity CNN architecture using differentiable architecture search which achieved competitive performance relative to established CNNs.
Exercise-Regulated Gene Differential Expression In The Hippocampal Region of C57BL/6J Mice Ameliorates Methamphetamine Dependence
Authors: Li Yue , Re Guo-Fen , Zhao Yu , KongDe Shenyue , Mao Jun-Hong , Wang Kun-Hua , Kuang Yi-Qun
Published: December 2021

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) is the highly addictive psychoactive drug which could harm to individual health and lead to great social problems. Various approaches have been adopted to address these problems, but relapse rates remain high. Recently, it has been found that comprehensive treatment combined with scientific and appropriate exercise intervention can improve mental state and physical fitness of drug addicts and promote their physical and mental rehabilitation. Long-term regular exercise improves the symptoms of METH withdrawal and reduce METH relapse. This study is to investigate the effects and regulated genes expression related to running exercise in METH addicted mice. Method: We used male C57BL/6J mice to construct METH addiction model and performed running exercise intervention, conditional place preference (CPP) was used to measure the effects of running intervention on METH addict mice. RNA sequencing(RNA-seq) and transcriptome analysis was performed on mice hippocampus, functions and differential expressed genes (DEGs) significantly regulated by exercise intervention in METH addict mice were analysed and noted.Results: The results showed that days of CPP preference was shortened to day 3 in METH addict mice given moderate exercise intervention, compared to preference to day 6 in METH addict mice without exercise. In addition, hippocampal transcriptome analysis revealed 12 DEGs significantly regulated by exercise intervention. By performing Gene ontology and KEGG analysis, function of immune responses was significant enriched in METH addiction mice with exercise. The expression of 12 differential expressed genes was verified by qRT-PCR, which showed that relative mRNA expression of DEGs was consistent with the RNA sequencing results.Conclusion: Running intervention can promote the recovery of METH addiction in mice, and the 12 candidate DEGs from mice hippocampus could use for further research on regulation mechanisms of exercise in METH addiction mice.
Growing Pacific Linkage with the Interannual Variability of North Atlantic Explosive Cyclogenesis
Authors: Allen Jacob John Stuivenvolt , Wang Simon S.-Y. , Chikamoto Yoshimitsu , Meyer Jonathan D.D. , Johnson Zachary F. , Deng Liping
Published: December 2021

Explosive cyclones (ECs), defined as developing extratropical cyclones that experience pressure drops of at least 24 hPa in 24 hours, are impactful weather events which occur along highly populated coastal regions in the eastern United States. These storms occur due to a combination of atmospheric and surface processes, such as jet stream intensification and latent heat release at the ocean surface. Even though previous literature has elucidated the role of these processes in EC formation, the sources of interannual variability that impact seasonal EC frequency are not well known. To analyze the sources of interannual variability, we track cases of ECs and dissect them into two spatial groups: those that formed near the east coast of North America (coastal) and those in the North Central Atlantic (high latitude). The frequency of high-latitude ECs is strongly correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, a well-known feature, whereas coastal EC frequency exhibits a growing relationship with an atmospheric wave-train emanating from the North Pacific in the last 30 years. This wave-train pattern of alternating high-and-low pressure resulted in resulted in heightened upper-level divergence and baroclinic instability along the east coast of North America. Using a coupled model experiment, we show that the tropical Pacific Ocean is the main driver of this atmospheric wave train and the subsequent enhancement seasonal baroclinic instability in the North Atlantic.
Seismic Strengthening of Existing RC Buildings With External Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Walls Hosting an Integrated Energetic and Architectural Renovation
Authors: Badini Lorenzo , Aondio Ing. Patrik , Ott Stephan , Winter Stefan
Published: December 2021

In this study a timber-based integrated solution is presented to solve at once common issues affecting typical reinforced concrete (RC) existing buildings, such as seismic and energy performances, providing an eco-friendly alternative to steel external bracing systems. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) walls are provided perpendicularly to the external façades as strengthening elements while interposed CLT slabs are foreseen at each floor level to host new architectural units together with a new envelope. While the connections to the foundations and to the existing RC frames are provided respectively with steel brackets and axial-connectors distributed along the height of the building, a post-tensioned connection, between CLT panels (PT-CLT connection), is implemented in the system to guarantee resistance to horizontal actions acting parallel to existing façades with consequent structural independence and architectural freedom. A numerical model is developed with finite element software characterizing each type of connector for linear and non-linear analyses. Modal analyses with response spectrum are performed to verify structural elements and connectors, while pushover analyses with target displacement checks are performed to assess the obtained seismic improvement. Finally, the preassembled architectural components that allow to renovate the envelope and the provided assembly procedure are revealed.
Mice cohabiting with familiar conspecific in chronic stress condition exhibit methamphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization and augmented consolation behavior.
Authors: de Oliveira Paulo Eduardo Carneiro , Carmona Isabela Miranda , Casarotto Mariana , Silveira Lara Maria , de Oliveira Anna Cecília Bezerra , Canto-de-Souza Azair
Published: December 2021

Recognize and share emotions are essential for species survival, but in some cases, living with a conspecific in distress condition may induce negative emotional states through empathy-like processes. Studies have reported that stressors promote psychiatric disorders in both, who suffers directly and who witness these aversive episodes, principally whether social proximity is involved. However, the mechanisms underlying the harmful outcomes of emotional contagion needs more studies, mainly in the drug addiction-related behaviors. Here, we investigated the relevance of familiarity and the effects of cohabitation with a partner submitted to chronic stress in the anxiety-like, locomotor sensitization and consolation behaviors. Male swiss mice were housed in pairs during different periods to test the establishment of familiarity and the stress-induced anxiety behavior in the elevated plus maze. Another cohort was housed with a conspecific subjected to repeated restraint stress (1h/day) for 14 days. During chronic restraint the allogrooming was measured and after the stress period mice were tested in the open field for evaluation of anxiety and locomotor cross-sensitization induced by methamphetamine. We found that familiarity was established after 14 days of cohabitation and the anxiogenic behavior appeared after 14 days of stress. Repeated restraint stress also increased anxiety in the open field test and induced locomotor cross-sensitization in the stressed mice and their cagemates. Cagemates also exhibited increase in consolation behavior after stress sessions when compared to control mice. These results indicate that changes in drug abuse-related, consolation and affective behaviors may be precipitate through emotional contagion in familiar conspecifics.
Wage Theft and Work Safety: Immigrant Day Labor Jobs and the Potential for Worker Rights Training at Worker Centers
Authors: Takasaki Kara , Kammer-Kerwick Matt , Yundt-Pacheco Mayra , Torres Melissa I.M.
Published: December 2021

Immigrant day laborers routinely experience exploitative behaviors as part of their employment. These experiences are understood in the context of their immigration histories and in the context of their long-term goals for less precarious labor and living situations. Using mixed methods, over three data collection periods in 2016, 2019, and 2020, we analyze the work experiences of immigrant day labors in Houston and Austin, Texas. We report how workers judge precarious jobs and respond to labor exploitation in an informal labor market. We also discuss data pertaining to a worker rights training intervention conducted through a city-sponsored worker center. We discuss the potential for worker centers to be a convening and remediation space for workers and employers. Worker centers where immigrant day labors meet employers offer the potential for informal intervention into wage theft and work safety violations, by formalizing the context where laborers are hired.
Numerical Analysis of Slope Stability Considering Grading and Seepage Prevention
Authors: Yan Fuyu , Wu Lianrong , Sun Xining , Shen Qiwu , Dong Qiaofeng , Wu Kun , Wang Xu , xia Chengzhi , Lu Guangyin
Published: December 2021

The normal operation of Yulangpei tailings reservoir is affected by landslide stability. In this paper, taking the main and side slopes near the dam bank of the Yulangpei ditch as an example, water-soil coupling theory is applied to comprehensively evaluate the reliability of the side slopes of the tailings reservoir. Grading and seepage prevention (GSP) measures and the suction of the substrate are considered, as well as the infiltration of different rainfall and reservoir water levels. We numerically simulate the typical three forms of side slopes under the coupling conditions and conduct a reliable and comprehensive evaluation of tailings reservoir side slopes. The study shows that under six reservoir water level changes, the factor of safety (FS) of the bank slope shows a hysteresis effect. According to nine rainfall infiltration conditions and during rainfall, the greater the rainfall intensity, the greater the weakening effect. When rainfall stops, the FS rebounds. After GSP measures, the initial stability of the bank slope under different conditions is improved, but the main slope is more sensitive to changes in rainfall and water levels.
Influence of Sex and Knee Joint Rotation on Patellofemoral Joint Stress through a Mathematical Modelling Study
Authors: Takabayashi Tomoya , Edama Mutsuaki , Inai Takuma , Tokunaga Yuta , Kubo Masayoshi
Published: December 2021

Background: Females are two times as likely to experience patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) than males; however, the reason for this sex difference remains unclear. Patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stress is believed to contribute to PFPS alterations through knee joint rotation alignment, but the influence of knee joint rotation conditions on PFJ stress is unclear. We aimed to investigate the influence of sex and knee joint rotation alignment on PFJ stress. Methods: Simulation ranges were set to knee joint flexion angles of 10°-45° (common to both sexes) and extension moments of 0-240 Nm (males) and 0-220 Nm (females). The quadriceps force and effective lever arm length at the quadriceps muscle were determined as a function of the knee joint flexion angle and extension moment. The PFJ contact area, which is specific to sex, and knee joint rotation was calculated from cadaver data, and PFJ stress was estimated. Results: In all knee joint rotation conditions, PFJ stress was higher in females than in males. Additionally, PFJ stress in males and females was the largest under neutral conditions compared with other rotation conditions. Conclusion: The results may be useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms contributing to the differences in PFPS in males and females.
The gut microbiota of Cystidicola farionis parasitizing the swim bladder of the nosed charr morph Salvelinus malma complex in Lake Kronotskoe (Kamchatka, Russia)
Authors: Kashinskaya E.N. , Simonov E.P. , Vlasenko P.G. , Markevich G.N. , Shokurova A.V. , Andree K.B. , Solovyev M.M.
Published: December 2021

Using the approach of sequencing the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, we have analyzed the bacterial diversity associated with the gut and “body” (other parts of nematode after dissection: cuticle, epidermis and longitudinal muscles, etc) of Cystidicola farionis parasitizing the swim bladder of different morphotypes of the nosed charr. Comparisons of the gut microbiota of nematodes with their “body” has revealed that the associated microbiota are closely related to each other. Taxonomic analysis indicated that the relative abundances of the dominant nematode-associated bacteria varied with individual fish. The common dominant microbiota of the gut and “body” of nematodes were represented by Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and Yersinia, while the associated microbiota of the swim bladder of the nosed charr was dominated by Acinetobacter, Cetobacterium, Pajaroellobacter, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Shewanella. By comparing the associated microbiota of nematode parasitizing the different morphotypes of the nosed charr the difference in richness estimates (number of OTU’s and Chao1) were revealed between the N1g and N2 morphs.
Perencanaan Transformasi Ternak Sapi Perah ke Wisata Edukasi Susu Segar di Jatirejo Semarang
Authors: Sitinjak Elizabeth Lucky Maretha , Hartajanie Laksmi , Lindayani  , Setiawan Florentinus Budi , Matitaputty Shandy Jannifer
Published: December 2021

Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Kelurahan Jatirejo, Kecamatan Gunungpati Kota Semarang adalah membantu Kelompok Ternak Sapi Perah (KTSP) khususnya, untuk dapat bertransformasi dari konsep peternakan sederhana ke area wisata edukasi ternak sapi perah. Pada masa awal pandemi Covid-19 di tahun 2020, populasi sapi perah naik sebesar 0,53% secara nasional, namun populasi sapi perah di Jawa tengah menurun sebesar 0,65% dan produksinya pun menurun sebesar 2,94%. Tahun 2021, permintaan semakin banyak untuk Susu Sapi Perah, oleh karena olahan susu perah menjadi susu segar yang memiliki kandungan gizi sangat lengkap, kaya protein, lemak, karbohidrat, mineral, dan vitamin. Kandungan nutrisi susu yaitu kalsium, fosfor, zinc, vitamin A, D, B12, B2, asam amino dan asam pantotenat. Manfaat susu sapi perah menjadi susu sapi segar dengan beberapa pengolahan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar Jatirejo dan konsumen. Ada beberapa teknologi pengolahan sederhana yang dapat diterapkan di lingkungan peternak untuk mengawetkan susu, di antaranya pasteurisasi dan fermentasi (yoghurt, yakult, dan kefir).  Metode pengolahan tersebut membuat umur simpan dapat diperpanjang dan dihasilkan susu yang memiliki flavor dan tekstur yang berbeda sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai jual produk tersebut.  Selain itu, tempat pemerahan susu sapi dan toko tempat penjualan susu segar serta olahannya didesain instagramable. Transformasi dari susu sapi perah menjadi susu segar dengan aneka pengolahan, disertai konsep pemasaran wisata edukasi ternak sapi. Studi kelayakan finansial mendukung usaha transformasi ternak sapi perah, dengan konsep tempat pemerahan sapi yang higienis, ramah lingkungan, dan menarik para milenial untuk minum susu segar.
Review of Sugarcane Bagasse and Luffa Fiber composites
Authors: Shinde Sachin , Mane Kiran , Jakukore Vidyanand
Published: December 2021

This examination conveys a bibliographic audit for impending reference inside the far reaching field of bagasse composites by attempting to search out factors that impact their viewpoints. As a sufficient farming asset, sugarcane bagasse has drawn in broad exploration interests because of its high yearly profit, low expenses, and natural well disposed characters. During these investigates, different boundaries are capable to recognize their belongings; nonetheless, these examinations are managed independently. This audit paper talks about that the impact of bagasse fiber and its mixing with luffa normal and counterfeit composites on different mechanical, morphological, Moisture ingestion limit, and thermo mechanical properties.
Manufacturing of Banana Fiber Composites for different Compositions and its Experimental Tensile Testing
Authors: Asabe Popat B , Bhosale Shrikrushn B , Patil Sonali S , Parkhe Avinash K
Published: December 2021

The world's attention is now focused on resources that are environmentally friendly and recyclable. Due to growing environmental concerns, a bio composite made of standard fiber and polymeric resin is one of the most recent breakthroughs in the industry and establishes the current scope of experimental activity. In the engineering application, the use of composite materials is gradually growing. The matrix and fiber are the two primary segments of the composite. The availability of high-quality fiber and ease of assembly has prompted inventors all over the world to test regionally accessible low-cost yarn and determine their ability to protect grit and how much they can perform the thankful facts of great reinforced polymer composites intended for structural use. Fiber reinforced polymer compounds have everyday preferences, such as requiring less effort to create, being easier to create, and having a higher quality disparity than perfect polymer. For this reason, fiber reinforced polymer composites are used in a variety of applications as a structural material. Composite materials are mostly developed in response to technological needs. Natural fibers have recently piqued the interest of scientists and technologists due to the advantages they offer over traditional reinforcement materials, and the creation of bio fiber composites has been a hot topic in recent years. The present work spotlight on study of mechanical properties of banana fiber/epoxy resin composite at 30%, 40% and 50% volume fractions of banana fiber and different fiber direction 00, 450 & 900.The mechanical property like tensile strength is experimentally evaluated.
Design Optimization of Motorcycle Mirror to Reduce Vibration for Clearer Image of Rear View
Authors: Choudhari Nitin , Patil Amol , Ghule Vikram
Published: December 2021

The side mirror is used to get the rear-view image of the vehicle. It is necessary for vehicle dynamics. Rider can see all-around traffic coming from backside in these mirrors. As per traffic annual data, many accidents happen due to malfunctioning and not observing mirrors at the proper time. “Mirror” vibrates too much during vehicle running condition on the road. Hence this research paper/project mainly focuses on the design optimization Motorcycle “Mirror” to reduce vibration for better rear-view image.
Joint Integrity and Strength CAE Simulation Methodology for PHEV Vehicle Skid Plate Assembly
Authors: Muttalwad Satish Uttamrao , Jadhav S. B
Published: December 2021

Battery unit skid plate Joint integrity and Strength are key design attributes to ensure Functionality of vehicle. This paper provides an overview of simulation methodology to predict joint integrity and Strength of Battery unit skid plate. Bolt Joint integrity checked against the maximum vertical each wheel spindle loads, which captures maximum bending and twisting. This is the condition in which bolts can experience high load and bolt slippage should check against this load. Skid plate experiences different loading based on drivability and road profile. To simulate severe off road event condition, Maximum load which skid plate experience, applied, as Point load on skid plate at various critical locations to find the deflection and to make sure skid plate is strong enough to protect underneath battery unit.
Development and Experimental Analysis of a Solar Cum Electrical Food Dryer
Authors: Misal Nitin D , Khandekar Hemant Rajgopal , Jumale Abhishek Ashok , Patekari Akash Dattatray , Kamble Avinash Mahadev
Published: December 2021

The most preferred method for preserving food or related products for a long time period is drying. In various countries of the world, the utilization of solar thermal systems in the field of agricultural for conserving fruits, vegetables, coffee and other related crops has revealed to be economical, practical, and environmental friendly. Solar heating systems to dry food and other crops can improve the quality of the product, while reducing wasted produce. This paper deals with development of solar cum eclectically operated food dryer. The fabrication of hybrid dryer is carried out which will be used for the drying process. The amounts of solar radiations are collected through transparent sheet or glass and they are entered in to dryer. Then, amount of heat will get generated in dryer and it will be circulated through fan in dryer itself which will be suitable for drying purpose. The experimentation is also carried out on two foods related to drying process at normal temperature and using this dryer obtained temperature. After experimentation it has been observed that there is difference in temperature at outside the dryer and inside the dryer. The temperature generated inside the dryer is sufficient for drying purpose. So, the developed food dryer can be used for drying the foods as per requirement.
Button Operated Electromagnetic Gear Shifting System in Two Wheeler
Authors: Ranavare Vinod , Patale Sudarshan , Mane Kiran
Published: December 2021

There are disclosed an electromagnetic Type Gear Change System control apparatus for an automobile and a method of controlling such apparatus. A rotational output of an internal combustion engine is connected to drive wheels of the automobile and a load device. When a gear shifting-up of a electromagnetic type transmission is to be effected, the load applied by the load device is increased, or the load is connected to an output rotation shaft of the engine via a selectively-connecting device, thereby reducing the rotational speed of the output rotation shaft of the engine to a required level. In our project, two electromagnetic coils are coupled to the gear rod of the two ends. The two Buttons are used to activate the electro-magnetic coil so that the gear will be shifted. In this project, we aim at developing easy gear shifting mechanism for transmission which will make motor bike rider’s gear shifting very easy. Everyone desires for the smooth running of the vehicle whatsoever may be the speed of pickup of the vehicle a person is operating, but one of the most important systems which every engineer is concerned about in vehicle is gear shifting system for ensuring smooth and desired ride on their two wheelers. Some simple mechanism is arranged solenoid plunger which will help us to change the gear as per the desired torque. In this gear shifting mechanism, gear shifting is done with the help of two solenoid plungers. The up shifting and downshifting of gears is done with the help two independent switches. These two switches are connected to solenoid plungers via battery.
Thermal Analysis of Battery Module
Authors: Ajgar Akash Prasad , Londhe Avinash Sandipan , Dhabade Avinash Basavraj , Mule Paras Mahavir , Kashid Digambar T , Jadhav Subhash V
Published: December 2021

The rate of development of Electric Vehicles has gained momentum in the recent times. The factors like cost, lifetime and safety of the battery are becoming very important. One of the most important components, which are presently in one way deciding the cost and also very important hurdle in the development of the EVM is the battery. Thermal management of vehicle battery plays important part in deciding the battery performance and therefore the proper analysis of the battery thermal management system (BTMS), it is very essential for proper functioning. Analysis of the BTMS can be done in three ways; analytically by solving equations, numerical simulations using ANSYS FLUENT and on MATLAB/Simulink. In this work, simulations are done using ANSYS to understand the amount of heat produced and cooling required for the battery. This work focuses on analysis of lithium-ion battery cell using ANSYS FLUENT in order to study the flow characteristics of air flowing overbattery module. It is observed that such a battery module is prone to overheating and therefore, requires proper cooling arrangement to ensure it efficient operation. Here we mainly focused on finding heat transfer rate and it is observed that optimum air flow rate has to be maintained to ensure maximum cooling and better performance.
Finite Element Analysis of Ply Orientation Effect on Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composite Material
Authors: Gund Mahesh , Vyavahare R T
Published: December 2021

In recent years, composite material is used as an alternative material for materials like metal, wood, etc. due to low in weight, strength to weight ratio and stiffness properties. Natural fibers like coir fiber, palm fiber, jute fiber, banana plant fiber, etc have low cost, easy availability and less harmful to human body. Also, carbon fiber having various properties such as high strength to weight ratio, rigidity, good tensile strength, fatigue resistance, fire resistance/not flammable, high thermal conductivity. This research work aims to find out the mechanical properties of Carbon fiber, Coir fiber and Epoxy composite material with different ply orientations angles by using FEA software Ansys APDL R15.0.
Grid Tie Rotating Rooftop Solar Using PIC Microcontroller
Authors: Jagtap Madhura J , Mane Ashwinqi V , Joshi Aashish A
Published: December 2021

The invention and installation of a "grid tie rotating solar rooftop panel utilising PIC microcontroller" is presented in this work. As non-renewable energy supplies become scarcer, renewable energy sources are increasingly used to generate electricity. Solar panels are becoming increasingly popular, and this idea is based on a pic microcontroller rotates the solar panel according to position of sun. The solar panel's energy is then stored in a battery, which is then used to power the home or business. The grid tie mechanism then returns the remaining energy to the power station. As a result, many people's power usage will be lowered as a result of these projects. As light shines on the photodiode, a voltage is formed across these diodes, which is generated by the photovoltaic cell. The number of diodes in a series is termed an array, and these arrays are connected in parallel. As a result, the standard wattage panel is formed. Through a net metering system, the generated ac will be connected to the main grid. As a result, when our demand is lower, the generated supply will flow back to the grid, rotating the metre in the other way. The net metre system is named after the fact that as our demand increases at night, the metre rotates in the forward direction.
IoT Based Transformer Health Monitoring and Protection System
Authors: Kulkarni Omkar , Patil Poonam , Sande Asama , Salunkhe Kajal , Chavan Snehal , Kambale P. S
Published: December 2021

Transformers are the primary constructing block in a electricity system. Any damages in transformers adversely have an effect on the stability of a electricity system. The damages are specifically taking place because of overloading and inefficient cooling. The major goal of the is actual time tracking of the fitness situations of the distribution transformer the use of IOT generation. The parameters together with temperature, voltage and present day of a transformer are monitored, processed and recorded in servers. For this purpose, we use 3 sensors interfaced with AT328. The recorded facts may be ship the use of Wi-Fi module and accessed from everywhere round the sector the use of IOT generation the use of HTTP protocol. This facilitates in figuring out without human dependency. This facilitates in figuring out and fixing a hassle earlier than a failure without human dependency.
Online Organic Agriculture Product Selling
Authors: Shaikh Aayesha , Solankar Prajakta , Maske Monali , Takik Priti , Randive Nayna
Published: December 2021

Organic Agricultural Products Selling website will provide a facility for farmers to sell their farm fresh organic products directly to the end users. Farmers can register and get authorized by admin to farmer’s portal. Also, they can add their product details on portal and current price of that product will get fetched from central market of metropolitan city like Pune, Mumbai, Delhi. Customer will be able to contact directly to the Farmers and able to rate of products .In that the project website are totally useful for the farmer’s and also customer. Increasing demand of farm products led farmers to use of chemical fertilizers/insecticides/pesticides and other chemical medicines to increase the production.
Bluetooth Based Smart Automation System Using Android
Authors: Patil Swati M , Gaikwad Poonam V
Published: December 2021

The word automation is automatic control of operating devices with minimal or reduced human efforts. Influence of wireless technology is growing day by day. In today’s world, wireless technology doing significant role in the automation. It means automation makes technology free from human interruption. Home automation is one of the technology emerging these days. To make it more effective and efficient, cost is reduced by low cost communication technology like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi. Bluetooth is wireless technology to use in home automation. It is no operational cost technique, common in use and working in range up to 100 meters [2]. Bluetooth which is mainly used for data exchange, add new features to smartphones. With help of android application we are able to connect and control household appliances and provide security to handicapped, old people.
Secure Reversible Data Hiding in Scrambled Pictures by Reserving Room before Encryption
Authors: Solankar Prajakta P , Hipparkar Jaymala K
Published: December 2021

Today reversible information stowing away in encoded pictures by holding room before encryption is a very significant method is use in different utilization of safety. Where information security is essential vital. These instruments are essential use in inelegancy organization. At some point when we manage an information and that information is noticed ob outsider client and that circumstance you need to shroud information specifically component that time we can utilize this reversible information covering up in scrambled pictures by holding room before encryption strategy. In this paper, we propose a novel technique by holding room before encryption with a conventional RDH calculation, and in this manner it is simple for the information hider to reversibly install information in the scrambled picture. The proposed technique can accomplish genuine reversibility, that is, information extraction and picture recuperation are liberated from any blunder. Analyses show that this novel technique can insert more than 10 times as enormous payloads for a similar picture quality as the past techniques, for example, for PSNR dB.