bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anemoside B4 ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis through S100A9/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zha Zhengxia , Shen Wenhua , Li Dan , Kang Naixin , Chen Zhong , Liu Yanli , Xu Guoqiang , Xu Qiongming
Published: November 2020

Background: Despite the increased morbidity of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the developing countries, available treatments remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is urgent to discover more effective therapeutic strategies. Pulsatilla chinensis was widely used for the treatment of inflamed intestinal diseases including UC for thousands of years in China. Anemoside B4, the most abundant triterpenoid saponin isolated from P. chinensis, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may be the most active compounds, which is responsible for the therapeutic effects. However, the mechanism how anemoside B4 executes its biological functions is still elusive.Methods: Here, we used the 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis rat model to evaluate the therapeutic effect of anemoside B4. Blood samples of colitis rats were collected for hematology analysis. The inflammation-associated factors were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined with EdU cell proliferation assay and TUNEL assay. The proteins regulated by anemoside B4 were identified by label-free quantitative proteomics. The significantly down-regulated proteins were verified by Western blotting analysis. mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR.Results: The results showed that anemoside B4 ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis symptoms, including tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, apoptosis and slowed proliferation in colon. Quantitative proteomic analyses discovered that 56 proteins were significantly altered by anemoside B4 in the TNBS-induced rats. These proteins mainly clustered in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport chain. Among the altered proteins, S100A9 is one of the most significantly down-regulated proteins and associated with NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of UC. Further experiments revealed that anemoside B4 suppressed the expression of S100A9 and its downstream genes including TLR4 and NF-κB in colon. In vitro, anemoside B4 could inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway induced by recombinant S100A9 protein in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. Moreover, anemoside B4 inhibits neutrophils recruitment and activation in colon induced by TNBS.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that anemoside B4 prevents TNBS-induced colitis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway through deactivating S100A9, suggesting that anemoside B4 is a promising therapeutic candidate for colitis.
SARS-CoV-2 Infected Cardiomyocytes Recruit Monocytes by Secreting CCL2
Authors: Chen Shuibing , Yang Liuliu , Nilsson-Payant Benjamin , Han Yuling , Jaffré Fabrice , Zhu Jiajun , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Tuo , Redmond David , Houghton Sean , Møller Rasmus , Hoagland Daisy , Horiuchi Shu , Acklin Joshua , Lim Jean , Bram Yaron , Richardson Chanel , Chandar Vasuretha , Borczuk Alain , Huang Yaoxing , Xiang Jenny , Ho David , Schwartz Robert , tenOever Benjamin , Evans Todd
Published: November 2020

Heart injury has been reported in up to 20% of COVID-19 patients, yet the cause of myocardial histopathology remains unknown. In order to study the cause of myocardial pathology in COVID-19 patients, we used a hamster model to determine whether following infection SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, can be detected in heart tissues. Here, we clearly demonstrate that viral RNA and nucleocapsid protein is present in cardiomyocytes in the hearts of infected hamsters. Interestingly, functional cardiomyocyte associated gene expression was decreased in infected hamster hearts, corresponding to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This data using an animal model was further validated using autopsy heart samples of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, we show that both human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-derived CMs) and adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) can be infected by SARS-CoV-2 and that CCL2 is secreted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to monocyte recruitment. Increased CCL2 expression and macrophage infiltration was also observed in the hearts of infected hamsters. Using single cell RNA-seq, we also show that macrophages are able to decrease SARS-CoV-2 infection of CMs. Overall, our study provides direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infects CMs in vivo and proposes a mechanism of immune-cell infiltration and pathology in heart tissue of COVID-19 patients.
Phytophthora Root Rot Resistance and Its Correlation with Fruit Rot Resistance in Capsicum annuum
Authors: Naegele Rachel P. , Hausbeck Mary K.
Published: November 2020

Phytophthora capsici causes root and fruit rot and foliar blight of pepper. Multiple sources of resistance to Phytophthora root rot have previously been identified, but most display only partial resistance. One source, CM334, has broad spectrum root rot resistance to multiple pathogen isolates but has only low to moderate fruit rot resistance. This study evaluated previously identified pepper lines for resistance to two P. capsici isolates, OP97 and 12889, and compared root rot resistance to fruit rot resistance and genetic structure. CM334 was confirmed as a broad spectrum resistance genotype, whereas all other sources of resistance evaluated were susceptible to infection by one or both isolates evaluated. Although not completely resistant, PI 566811 displayed moderate resistance to fruit and root rot to both P. capsici isolates. Fruit rot resistance had a significant but small to moderate positive correlation (r = 0.26–0.63) with root rot resistance depending on the isolate and length of exposure. Pepper accessions with resistance to Phytophthora root and fruit rot belonging to different genetic subpopulations were identified and could serve as candidates for partial-resistance loci to incorporate into pepper breeding programs.
On track to the stomach! ! Cortrak® for the insertion of nasogastric tubes amongst neuroscience patients – how effective is it?
Authors: Woon Caroline
Published: November 2020

Nasogastric tube feeding is common amongst neuroscience patients and they are typically placed blindly at the bedside. However, the procedure for inserting feeding tubes has remained time consuming with misplacement into the lungs still occurring. Methods for checking nasogastric tube placement have evolved over time but complications remain.

The Cortrak® 2 enteral access system (EAS) uses a computer screen for real-time placement viewing using an electromagnetic stylet to avoid the complications of blind tube insertion. A trial was commenced to determine whether the Cortrak® 2 is accurate for nasogastric tube placement and whether this eliminates the use of x-ray.

The trial also examined whether the Corgrip® NG/NJ feeding tube retention system would prevent the need for reinsertion of nasogastric tubes and reduce the need for a one on one health care assistant watch to prevent removal. Super users were trained to insert the Cortrak® nasogastric tubes and the Corgrip® feeding tube retention system. The trial demonstrated favourable results and these will be presented.
LIPID PROFILE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN BREAST CANCER
Authors:   ijar, Arif Sharmin , Abdus Samad Fauzia , Abdus Samad Syed , Riaz Khan Asif , Khan Anum , Zahid Rimsha , Mushtaq Aalia
Published: November 2020

Background: According to WHO, breast cancer is the most common cancer in the women worldwide, soearly diagnosis is the best way to reduce its morbidity and mortality. Among various risk factors, the relationship between serum lipid profile and breast cancer is still unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate this relationship. Methodology: Prospective, descriptive observational study with a comparative study designconducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi between November 2018 to April 2019. Results: 140 patients were divided into two groups i.e. cases and controls. Both groups were equally sub divided based on menstrual status. Independent student t-test was applied for comparison between the groups. BMI was significantly higher in the study group as compared to control group (p=0.002). Serum TG and LDL levels were higher in breast cancer patients (p= 0.032 and p=0.07 respectively). Cholesterol level was not statistically different in any group (p= >0.05). Higher HDL levels were seen in pre-menopausal cases (p=0.004) but there was no statistical difference when studied across cases and control groups. Conclusion: As breast cancer is the most common tumor in females, so early diagnosis is the key to reduce its morbidity and mortality. In this study, higher BMI, TG and LDL levels were seen in breast cancer patients as compared to controls. So, it may be concluded that BMI and dyslipidemia have some role in the etiology of breast cancer.
A CASE REPORT OF FEMUR OSTEOCHONDROMA IN 22 YEARS OLD FEMALE PATIENT
Authors:   ijar, M. Bin Mohi Abdulrahman , A. Alzahrani Ahmed , R. Reda Bashar
Published: November 2020

Chondromais considered a nonmalignant tumor that composed of mature hyaline cartilage and commonly occur in hands and feet. Overall incidents show that females are predominant comparing to males with evenly distributed range of ages. Multiple chondromas have to be differentiated from osteochondroma and chondrosarcoma. This paper reports three different types of lesions in one patient.Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign tumor of the skeleton. It is a developmental osseous anomaly, which arises from exophytic outgrowth on bone surfaces characteristically. Osteochondroma account for about 12% of bone tumors. Here, we have described a 22 years old female patient with left knee joint pain and swelling of the left distal femur with limited movements. The incisional biopsy of the left distal femur identified low-grade chondrosarcoma and chondroma after histopathology. This underwent one-stage surgical excision of the tumor with a posterior approach and tumor resection from the femur. After surgery, an unusual pain appears in the right hip joint during the post-operative period.Machine resonance imaging (MRI), and X-ray of pelvis help to diagnose thewell-differentiated chondrosarcoma and chondroma. This was a case of osteochondroma in the right proximal femur, chondroma like lesion in the left proximal femur and chondrosarcoma in the left distal femur. Ethical consideration: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest.
THE ROLE OF THE ELECTION SUPERVISORY AGENCY ASNIRMILITARY DEFENSE COMPONENT
Authors:   Total War Studies, Universitas Pertahanan., Wicaksono Harimurti , Anwar Syaiful ,   Total War Studies, Universitas Pertahanan., Eko Suhariyanto Bambang ,   Total War Studies, Universitas Pertahanan.
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the role of Bawaslu in implementing non-military defence that occurs in the context of money politics. The research process tries to examine the cases that occurred in the Regional Head Election in Malang Raya. Money politics is a type of election violation, namely by giving and distributing money to prospective voters to be able to vote for that candidate. Money politics is closely related to corrupt behaviour and is a national threat. Therefore we need one step in anticipating this so that this does not happen again. This research uses qualitative research methods. Data mining was carried out, utilizing in-depth interviews with several sources to be able to extract primary data. Furthermore, literature studies are also used to enrich research data. The results showed that the General Election that occurred in Malang Raya was an election that was quite lively with money politics. Although the steps taken by the regional Bawaslu are quite reasonable, some adjustments and strengthening are still needed so that a similar thing does not happen. Some things that can be done are to include Bawaslu and money politics into the PKBN module. Besides, strengthening the intelligence function in election supervision is also essential.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRE-COMPETITIVE ANXIETY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS OF HIGHER AND SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors:   Central Sanskrit University Lucknow., Singh Jyoti
Published: November 2020

Anxiety is a normal and often healthy emotion. However, when a person regularly feels disproportionate levels of anxiety, it might become a medical disorder. Competitive anxiety is the fear of studying including not having good study habits, fear of failure among others and Fear to compete with others. In the present study there was state trait anxiety test (STAT) used to measure anxiety level of selected subjects. The present study was conducted in Higher and Senior Secondary students. Study will find out significant level of anxiety and its effect on Academic performance. In the present study, 120 questionnaires about different anxiety levels were filled and discussed with the students and it was concluded that there is a significant difference in Anxiety level and have a positive effect on Academic performance of students of the proposed University. The study was concluded with proper recommendations and Suggestions.
Las Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil como agentes de Cooperación Sur-Sur: ¿Socias para el desarrollo o convidadas de piedra?
Authors: Ayllón Pino Ph.D. Bruno
Published: November 2020

Resumen: Aunque las Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil han conquistado el lugar que merecen como agentes de la Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo, al menos en la Cooperación Norte – Sur, queda un largo camino por recorrer en el reconocimiento que los gobiernos de los países en desarrollo todavía no les han otorgado en su participación en las dinámicas de la Cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS). Factores estructurales y coyunturales dificultan una integración real de las OSC en las tareas de la CSS. El caso latinoamericano ilustra el insuficiente nivel de participación social en la CSS de la región, si bien algunas experiencias relevantes muestran posibilidades de explorar mecanismos para aprovechar el caudal de conocimientos y planteamientos sobre el desarrollo que atesoran las OSC.
Indirect coupling method for structural analysis of refuge chamber
Authors: Wang Yanting , Wang Lei , Zhang Jiwei , Zhang Song , Song Zhaoyang , Fu Cai , Ding Hang , Fang Liangwen
Published: November 2020

Structural analysis is important in the design of a refuge chamber, which can ensure the structural safety of the refuge chamber in case of an explosion. In this paper, an indirect coupling method is utilized to calculate deformation of a refuge chamber under explosion, when gas explosion is simulated in a roadway model, and the pressure waves on different locations of chamber are extracted. The extracted pressure-time curves are applied to a detailed model of the refuge chamber to obtain deformation values. However, reliabilities and validities of the simulation results are not provided. Thereby, we conducted three groups of small-scale physical experiments for comparing the corresponding simulation results calculated by the indirect coupling method. Meanwhile, the theoretical values were obtained by the method of extracting the specific impulse. The results show that the simulation values fit well with the experimental and theoretical values. The process of applying a pressure-time curve to the model covers the specific impulse which acts on the prototype. This method can be used to calculate the deformation of complex equipment under explosion.
Optimization of natural frequency for hexachiral structure based on response surface method
Authors: Chen Luyun , Yi Hong
Published: November 2020

To improve the resistance to vibration and reduce its structure mass, the structural dynamic properties of hexachiral structure with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) are investigated. The optimization function of natural frequencies parameters is established, in which the thickness of circular nodes wall and ligaments of the hexachiral structure are defined as design variable. By normalizing the weight coefficients corresponding to the natural frequencies of different orders, the multi-objective optimization problem is converted into a single objective structural optimization problem. Finally, the cell of hexachiral structure for example, by introducing the response surfaces method, the structural optimization is carried out. The numerical analysis shows that the natural frequency is greatly increased, and the vibration resistance is strengthened. The results provide technical support for the design and application of high performance materials.
Tunnel surrounding rock stability prediction using improved KNN algorithm
Authors: Huang Shuai , Qi Qingjie , Liu Jianzhong , Liu Wengang
Published: November 2020

Accurate prediction of the stability of rock surrounding a tunnel is important in order to prevent from rock collapse or reduce the hazard to personnel and traffic caused by such incidents. In our study, a KNN algorithm based on grouped center vector is proposed, which reduces the complexity of calculation, thus improving the prediction performance of the algorithm. Then, the improved KNN algorithm was applied to the surrounding rock stability prediction of a high-speed railway tunnel, which, to our knowledge, forms the first application thereof for the prediction of surrounding rock stability. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed prediction model achieves high prediction performance in this regard. Finally, a laboratory experiment of a tunnel is conducted to evaluate whether the tunnel surrounding rock is stable or not. The experimental results matched the prediction results obtained by our proposed prediction model, which further demonstrates its effectiveness.
Efficient removal of three dyes using porous covalent triazine frameworks: adsorption mechanism and role of pore distribution
Authors: An Fengxia , Liu Jingliang , Xu Zhaoyi , Zheng Shourong
Published: November 2020

Dyes are widely used in production and life. In this study, porous covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) were synthesized and the adsorption behavior for three dyes was investigated by batch adsorption experiments. CTFs were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques for structure, porosity and surface properties. Several possible adsorption mechanisms were proposed including pore-filling, electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding interaction with the triazine structure of CTFs. The mechanisms were further verified by the pore size distribution and pH dependence. Additionally, CTFDCBP displayed stronger adsorption affinity and faster adsorption kinetics for dyes, because of the wide pore size distribution. This study provides a new insight into the mesoporous CTFs, which exhibit great potential as an effective adsorbent for dye removal.
The Rights of the Child and a Problem of Immigration Detention
Authors: Markiewicz-Stanny Joanna
Published: November 2020

The problem of children immigration detention will be explored based on the analysis of international human rights law and international refugee law. Preliminary remarks will elaborate on how migration detention impacts on the exercise of the rights of the child, focusing, in particular, on the deleterious influence this measure exerts on the child’s mental well-being. Next, the principle of using child migration detention as a measure of last resort will be analysed in light of international standards. The practical implementation of this principle calls for observing the standards for individual assessment of the particular situation of each immigrant child. This includes treating the minors first and foremost as children, and only then as immigrants. Another key element is the area of the state’s positive obligations. International case law has increasingly called for an absolute obligation to first provide the child or the family with a child with an alternative to the detention measure. This involves the need to establish the necessary infrastructure that would allow for such an alternative solution. Furthermore, in a situation where detention is necessary, it should be exercised while accommodating the needs of families with children. As will be demonstrated, nonfeasance and negligence lead, in the most extreme cases, to their being recognised as violation of the prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Nanotheranostics for Cancer Therapy and Detection: State of the Art
Authors: Paliwal Shivani Rai , Kenwat Rameshroo , Maiti Sabyasachi , Paliwal Rishi
Published: November 2020

Nanotheranostics, an approach of combining both diagnosis and therapy, is one of the latest advances
in cancer therapy particularly. Nanocarriers designed and derived from inorganic materials such as like gold
nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes have been explored for tremendous
applications in this area. Similarly, nanoparticles composed of some organic material alone or in combination
with inorganic nano-cargos have been developed pre-clinically and possess excellent features desired. Photothermal
therapy, MRI, simultaneous imaging and delivery, and combination chemotherapy with a diagnosis are a
few of the known methods exploring cancer therapy and detection at organ/tissue/molecular/sub-cellular level.
This review comprises an overview of the recent reports meant for nano theranostics purposes. Targeted cancer
nanotheranostics have been included for understating tumor micro-environment or cell-specific targeting approach
employed. A brief account of various strategies is also included for the readers highlighting the mechanism
of cancer therapy.
Green Enabling Technologies for Competitive Synthesis of Pharmaceutical Lead Compounds
Authors: Tagliapietra Silvia , Binello Arianna , Bucciol Fabio , Trukhan Vladimir , Colia Mariachiara , Cravotto Giancarlo
Published: November 2020

Combinations of different technologies are at the heart of the development and implementation of
new, innovative processes and approaches for Industry 4.0 in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
Process intensification and advances in high-throughput synthetic techniques can dramatically improve reaction
rates in processes for which slow kinetics represents a bottleneck. Easier access to target-based chemical
library collections offers wider access to new leads for drug development. Green enabling technologies are a
reliable ally for the design of environmentally friendly synthetic processes and more highly competitive pharmaceutical
production. Mechanochemistry, microwaves, ultrasound and flow chemistry are mature techniques
that can boast drug synthesis when properly integrated into the production chain. In this review, we selected examples
from the literature of the last five years related to medicinal chemistry.
Drug Induced Cutaneous Manifestations due to Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Lalosevic Milica S. , Lalosevic Jovan , Stjepanovic Mihailo , Stojanovic Marija , Stojkovic Mirjana
Published: November 2020

Cutaneous manifestations due to drugs used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders are multiple and common. Adequate diagnosis is of great importance, bearing in mind that the therapeutic regimen depends on its diagnosis. In this review, we provided an overview of the most common drug-induced skin lesions with a detailed explanation of the disease course, presentation and treatment, having in mind that in recent years, novel therapeutic modalities have been introduced in the treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders, and that incidence of cutaneous adverse reactions has been on the rise.
Phosphocreatine Promotes Osteoblastic Activities in H2O2-Induced MC3T3-E1 Cells by Regulating SIRT1/FOXO1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jing Zheng , Wang Changyuan , Wen Shijie , Jin Yue , Meng Qiang , Liu Qi , Wu Jingjing , Sun Huijun , Liu Mozhen
Published: November 2020

Background:

Osteoporosis, characterized by bone loss, usually occurs with the increased
bone resorption and decreased bone formation. H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells are commonly used
for the study of osteoblastic activities, which play a crucial role in bone formation.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Phosphocreatine (PCr) on the osteoblastic
activities in H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells and elaborate on the possible molecular mechanism.

Methods:

The Osteoprotegerin (OPG)/Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand (RANKL) ratio and osteogenic
markers were detected to investigate the effects of PCr on osteoblastic activities, and the
osteoblastic apoptosis was detected using Hochest staining. Moreover, oxidative stress, Adenosine
Triphosphate (ATP) generation and the expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), Forkhead Box O 1
(FOXO1) and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Γ Coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were also
examined to uncover the possible molecular mechanism in H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells.

Result:

The results showed that PCr promoted the osteoblastic differentiation by increasing the expression
levels of osteogenic markers of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Runt-related transcription
factor 2 (Runx2), as well as increased the OPG/RANKL ratio and suppressed the osteoblastic apoptosis
in H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, treatment with PCr suppressed reactive oxygen
species (ROS) over-generation and promoted the ATP production as well as increased the PGC-1α,
FOXO1 and SIRT1 protein expression levels in H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells.

Conclusion:

PCr treatment could promote osteoblastic activities via suppressing oxidative stress
and increasing the ATP generation in H2O2-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, the positive effects
of PCr on osteoblasts might be regulated by SIRT1/FOXO1/ PGC-1α signaling pathway.
Neuropeptidomics: Improvements in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis and Recent Advancements
Authors: Vu Nhu Q. , DeLaney Kellen , Li Lingjun
Published: November 2020

:

Neuropeptides are an important class of endogenous peptides in the nervous system that
regulate physiological functions such as feeding, glucose homeostasis, pain, memory, reproduction,
and many others. In order to understand the functional role of neuropeptides in diseases or disorders,
studies investigating their dysregulation in terms of changes in abundance and localization
must be carried out. As multiple neuropeptides are believed to play a functional role in each physiological
process, techniques capable of global profiling multiple neuropeptides simultaneously are
desired. Mass spectrometry is well-suited for this goal due to its ability to perform untargeted measurements
without prior comprehensive knowledge of the analytes of interest. Mass spectrometry
imaging (MSI) is particularly useful because it has the capability to image a large variety of peptides
in a single experiment without labeling. Like all analytical techniques, careful sample preparation
is critical to successful MSI analysis. The first half of this review focuses on recent developments
in MSI sample preparation and instrumentation for analyzing neuropeptides and other biomolecules
in which the sample preparation technique may be directly applicable for neuropeptide
analysis. The benefit offered by incorporating these techniques is shown as improvement in a number
of observable neuropeptides, enhanced signal to noise, increased spatial resolution, or a combination
of these aspects. The second half of this review focuses on recent biological discoveries
about neuropeptides resulting from these improvements in MSI analysis. The recent progress in
neuropeptide detection and analysis methods, including the incorporation of various tissue washes,
matrices, instruments, ionization sources, and computation approaches combined with the advancements
in understanding neuropeptide function in a variety of model organisms, indicates the potential
for the utilization of MSI analysis of neuropeptides in clinical settings.
Marine Alkaloid Pityriacitrin and Its Analogues: Discovery, Structures, Synthetic Methods and Biological Properties
Authors: Ke Shaoyong , Xu Tingting , Min Yong , Wan Zhongyi , Yang Ziwen , Wang Kaimei
Published: November 2020

Pityriacitrin is a natural marine alkaloid with a typical β-carboline scaffold, and which has
been demonstrated to exhibit diverse biological functions. The special structural features for pityriacitrin
lead to the increasing research interest and the emergence of versatile derivatives, and many
pityriacitrin analogues have been isolated or synthesized over the past decades. The structural diversity
and evolved biological activity of these natural alkaloids can offer opportunities for the development
of highly potential novel drugs with a new mechanism of action, and therefore, the aim of this
brief review is to describe the discovery, synthesis, and biological properties of natural pityriacitrin
and its derivatives, as well as the isolation source.
Development and Biocompatibility Analysis of NBD Peptide Sustained- Release Microsphere Scaffold Nanoparticle SP-Sr-CaS/NBD
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Lei , Wang Changbing , Tan Caixia , Liu Xifaofang , Zhu Yongzhan
Published: November 2020

Background:

In clinical treatment, it is difficult to carry out effective bone tissue transplantation
and anti-inflammatory treatment at the same time due to bone defects and osteomyelitis
where the tissue is contaminated or infected. As a downstream target of TNF-α, NF-κB has an inhibition
effect on the proliferation and differentiation of cells surrounding the lesion. As a negative effect,
it leads to a reduction in bone growth and development.

Methods:

In this study, the small molecule NBD polypeptide and bone conduction matrix Sr-CaS
are microspheres, formed to prepare Sr-CaS, NBD drug-loaded sustained-release microspheres in
order to achieve a Sr-CaS/NBD peptide drug-loaded sustained release microsphere scaffold material
(SP-Sr-CaS/NBD). We prepared the microspheres and optimized the production process to obtain
particles with stable morphological properties and sustained release properties.

Results:

In vitro experiments demonstrated that SP-Sr-CaS/NBD could reduce TNF-α-induced cell
growth inhibition, caspase-3 activity and NF-κB transcriptional activation as the function of continuous
NBD peptide dosing regimen.

Conclusion:

Also, the introduction of the Sr-CaS matrix potentiates microspheres to promote cell
proliferation and provides a basis to become a promising 3D bone scaffold material in the future.
C-terminus of Hsp70 Interacting Protein (CHIP) and Neurodegeneration: Lessons from the Bench and Bedside
Authors: Mylvaganam Sivakami , Earnshaw Rebecca , Heymann Gregory , Kalia Suneil K. , Kalia Lorraine V.
Published: November 2020

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the increasing dysfunction and death of
neurons, resulting in progressive impairment of a person’s mobility and/or cognition. Protein misfolding
and aggregation are commonly hypothesized to cause neurotoxicity and, eventually, neuronal
degeneration that are associated with these diseases. Emerging experimental evidence, as well as
recent findings from human studies, reveal that the C-terminus of Hsp70 Interacting Protein
(CHIP), or STIP1 Homology and U-box containing Protein 1 (STUB1), is a quality control protein
involved in neurodegeneration. Here, we review evidence that CHIP interacts with and plays a role
in regulating proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease,
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington’s disease and
spinocerebellar ataxias. We also review clinical findings identifying mutations in STUB1 as a cause
of both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant forms of cerebellar ataxia. We propose that
CHIP modulation may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of multiple neurodegenerative
diseases.
Bioinformatics-Based Identification of Selective Cationic Amphipatic Antibacterial Peptides: Aurein 1.2 Variants Case
Authors: Polanco Carlos , Huberman Alberto , Uversky Vladimir N. , Andrés Leire , Buhse Thomas , Castañón-González Jorge Alberto , Díaz-González Juan Luciano
Published: November 2020

Background:

Selective Cationic Amphipathic Antibacterial Peptides (SCAAPs) occupy a prominent place in the
production of new drugs on account of their high toxicity towards bacteria and low toxicity towards mammalian cells, low
hemolytic activity, and contribution to the protection of the human immune system.

Aim:

their number in nature is very low, and experimental tests are very protracted and costly.
Therefore, it would be useful to have bioinformatics tools that would identify them in the existing
databases and also propose new synthetic SCAAPs.

Methods:

In order to reduce the costs of identification and/or chemical synthesis and to know the
physicochemical characteristics of SCAAPs at a residues level and to obtain a “bioiformatics fingerprint”
suitable for their selection, we have modified the Polarity Index Method® (PIM®) and the
α-helical configuration of each sequence is included in determining their individual “PIM®
profile”. We have also used a set of the computer program to determine their “Intrinsic Disorder
Predisposition”. This information was then compared with other protein groups, such as bacteria,
fungi, virus and Cell-Penetrating Peptides (CPP) from the UniProt database and a set of intrinsically
disordered proteins. Once the “fingerprint” of SCAAPs was obtained, it was used for searching
among the 559228 “reviewed” proteins from the UniProt database and a set of synthetic SCAAPs
characterized by the predefined “PIM® profile” selected.

Results:

Our results showed that the metric named “PIM® profile” can identify, with a high level of accuracy, a group of
bacterial SCAAPs. This bioinformatics study was supported at residues level, using the in-house bioinformatics system
Polarity Index Method the commonly used algorithm for the prediction of intrinsic disorder predisposition, PONDR®
FIT.

Conclusions:

The Polarity Index Method seems highly efficient identifying SCAAP candidates.
A Patient with COVID-19 Pneumonia Presenting with Plural Effusion: A Case Report
Authors: Ghiasvand Fereshteh , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Tirgar Samaneh , Salehi Mohammad Reza , Moradmand-Badie Banafsheh
Published: November 2020

Background:

In February 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Tehran,
Iran.

Case Presentation:

Herein, we reported clinical features, laboratory tests, unusual radiological
characteristics and therapeutic course of a patient with initial mild clinical symptoms at presentation
with progression to pneumonia and pleural effusion in the emergency unit of a referral hospital.
Substance Use Portrayal in Oscar-nominated Movies
Authors: Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Gil Felipe , Ventriglio Antonio , Torales Julio , Florio Ligia , Moura Helena F. , de Andrade Arthur Guerra , Lotufo-Neto Francisco , Bhugra Dinesh
Published: November 2020

Background:

As one of the forms of media and art most consumed in the world, Oscar-
nominated movies should have their drug use representation monitored because of possibly influencing
but also reflecting society’s behavior.

Objective:

The present study aims to investigate drug use representation in scenes from movies
nominated for the Academy Awards (Oscar) from 2008-2011 through media content analysis.

Methods:

437 scenes from Oscar-nominated movies (best film, best actor and best actress categories)
showing drug consumption and/or its effects were assessed. Each drug represented and identified
in a given scene (i.e., drug use incident) was counted as a unit for the present study (n = 515).
Survey settings were used to control for over- or under-estimation of the prevalence of a variable in
a given year or movie.

Results:

All the Oscar-nominated movies portrayed at least one scene of drug use. There was a
massive predominance of alcohol and tobacco in movies, with a high use among men who also use
drugs, habitually or occasionally, but related to stress/tension, predominantly at home. However,
there was a significant progressive increase in the use of drugs other than alcohol and tobacco, multiple
drugs, and by women.

Conclusion:

These findings echo epidemiological studies on substance use in western countries, an overall trend towards greater home drug use representation and gender convergence since 1970, which increased since 2000. Monitoring drug use representation in Oscar-nominated movies may represent an important public health tool.
LAND PLOT AS A SINGLE REAL ESTATE OBJECT
Authors:   K.D. Gaibatova Dagestan State University, Gaibatova K.D. , Aliverdieva M.A. ,   M.A. Aliverdieva Dagestan State University
Published: November 2020

This article addresses the problems of considering a land plot as a single property. Particular attention is paid to the content of the principle of the unity of the fate of the land plot and real estate located on it. The foreign practice of implementing this principle in different systems of law and order is considered. It is noted that Russian legislation is in a transitional stage to a “single property”, which raises a number of problematic issues that need to be resolved. The authors propose to work out such a definition of a single real estate object that will coincide and comply with the principle of the unity of fate of land plots and real estate objects firmly connected with them. To do this, it is necessary to establish a legal connection in which, regardless of which object will be alienated, the other will inextricably follow his fate. The article concludes the need to introduce the principle of “unity of the property”, which will eliminate the contradictions, inconsistencies and gaps in the legal regulation of the investigated sphere of legal relations. In addition, the authors conclude that the introduction into civil law of the concept of a single real estate object will facilitate tax administration and taxation for citizens and organizations, as well as simplify cadastral registration and registration of transfer of ownership of real estate.
JUDICIAL COMPETENCE FOR PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHTS
Authors:   N.Sh. Gadzhialieva Dagestan State University, Gadzhialieva N.Sh.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the issues of judicial competence in the settlement of disputes related to the protection of the right to a favorable environment. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in law enforcement there are disagreements regarding the differentiation of judicial competence to protect the right to a favorable environment, and therefore this study is of great practical importance. The choice of topic is also due to the fact that recent changes in the procedural legislation in the form of a waiver of the term “jurisdiction” and its replacement with the terms “competence” in the arbitration process and “jurisdiction” in the civil process have caused confusion in the conceptual framework. In this regard, the need arose for the scientific development of new aspects of the institution of jurisdiction in the civil process in order to clarify the distribution of judicial competence to protect the right to a favorable environment. Based on an analysis of regulatory and scientific sources, the author reveals the concept and importance of the institution of judicial competence and jurisdiction, discloses the ratio and content of these institutions, identifies the criteria for differentiating judicial competence in considering disputes related to the protection of the right to a favorable environment between courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts. The author draws attention to the specifics of the competence of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to protect the right to a favorable environment. The study resulted in conclusions and suggestions for improving the rules of judicial competence to protect the right to a favorable environment.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF PROSECUTORIAL SUPERVISION OVER EXECUTION OF LAWS DURING THE ACCEPTANCE, REGISTRATION AND RESOLUTION OF COMMUNICATIONS ON CRIMES (based on a sociological survey of prosecutors)
Authors:   K.B. Baitemirov University of Prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation, Baitemirov K.B.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the results of an expert survey of prosecutors. The relevance of the topic is due to the task of increasing the effectiveness of prosecutorial oversight for the implementation of laws when receiving, registering and resolving reports of crimes. The scientific search and determination of the directions for improving this type of prosecutorial supervision in article are based on the method of expert survey in which prosecutors at various levels expressed their opinions and assessed key issues of supervisory practice. The analysis of the results of the survey showed that improving prosecutorial supervision lies in the plane of normative regulation of new forms of information and analytical work of prosecutors and in the development of new tools for working with information. It is concluded that organizational measures (interaction, methodology, etc.) play a decisive role in the Prosecutor's supervision of law enforcement when receiving, registering and resolving reports of crimes.
LEGALIZATION OF INTERNET SPACE AS A METHOD FOR INCREASING THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF CITIZENS
Authors:   G. N. Komkova Saratov national research state University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky, Komkova G. N. , Tyumeneva N. V. ,   N. V. Tyumeneva Saratov national research state University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky, Toguzaeva E. N. ,   E. N. Toguzaeva Saratov national research state University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky
Published: November 2020

The new technological structure of all spheres of public life requires a large-scale reformatting of the organization of power and a qualitatively different legal regulation. The authors of the article substantiate the need for the participation of the state and law in shaping the information culture of users. In particular, the authors ask the extent to which the management and regulation of Internet relations should be carried out, in what ways, means and methods this impact should be implemented in order to improve and increase the level of information and communication culture of network users, rather than force them to anonymize actions in network, "go" to the deep Internet, use hidden networks of the virtual world. To date, the construction of the electronic state, which has enormous potential, has been successfully formed and is functioning in the Russian Internet space. But in the Russian digital environment, the electronic state is modeled on the basis of authoritarian organizational and managerial mechanisms. This, in turn, creates serious organizational and administrative barriers to the development and formation of an information and communication culture. Today it has become apparent that the scale of legal regulation in the social sphere and in the Internet space should be different. Modern legislation already lays down certain prerequisites for regulating Internet communications (digital rights are enshrined, non-jurisdictional processes are introduced, etc.). In order to preserve the value of an individual in the field of Internet communications, to prevent the leveling of human rights and freedoms for the sake of technological effectiveness and efficiency, it is necessary to form and improve an information and communication culture.
ON THE QUESTION OF COMPATIBILITY OF NATURAL-LEGAL AND POSITIVE-LEGAL THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES
Authors:   L.V. Karnaushenko Krasnodar University of the Russian MIA, Karnaushenko L.V.
Published: November 2020

The article examines the contradiction between theories of natural law and positive law. The author considers the main points in which these theories contradict each other, and also raises the question of the principle possibility of joint application of elements of natural-legal and positive-legal theories. The initial step in thinking about the problem is to consider the specifics of natural law theory. Its idealistic character is marked, and the connection between social ontology, anthropology, ethics and natural-legal theory is considered. The priority of natural law over the stability of the current social structure is highlighted, as one of the theoretical accents of natural law theory. There is limited natural-legal theory in understanding the private aspects of law. Further, the work analyzes the main theoretical aspects of positive-legal theory. Its subject area is being studied. Positive law theory is proven to have, in relation to natural law theory, an advantage in understanding the consequences for society associated with the introduction of specific legal rules. The applied aspect of positive-legal theory is disclosed, as well as the limits of its application are considered. The final part of the article is focused on the analysis of the relationship between the theories under consideration, based on the work of classics of philosophical-scientific thought. It is demonstrated that the interpretation, which believes a complete contradiction between theories of positive and natural law on the basis of the contradiction of their individual elements, is based on an outdated approach. The question is raised about the principle compatibility of certain elements of positive-legal and naturallegal theories. The possibility of their joint application in the course of solving complex legal issues is justified.
USUALLY-LEGAL MEDIEVAL SOURCES (FORMS) OF HUNGARIAN LAW
Authors:   O.A. Plotskaya Syktyvkar State University named after Pitirim Sorokin, Plotskaya O.A.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study the usual legal medieval sources (forms) of Hungarian law that existed during the 11th – 16th centuries. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of historical and legal texts of monuments of law containing empirical data. The paper discusses various Hungarian legal customs.
METHODOLOGICAL (HISTORICAL AND LEGAL) PROBLEMS IN THE STUDY OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Authors:   A.H. Ramazanov Dagestan State University, A.H. Ramazanov
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the key problem of methodological search in historical and legal research on the global theme of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic war. A synthesis of proven methods (formational, civilizational) using scientific metaphysics at the level of the theological method is undertaken. The study reflects the transition from monism to pluralism, taking into account both the regularities of the legal development of mankind, and the multi-variant nature of this process. In conclusion, it is concluded that there is no alternative to the new level of methodological search. A new level of methodological search entails the use of a new methodology that allows you to evaluate all the main subjects of the topic as right or wrong, which involves the development of appropriate criteria, depending on the methodological justification. Methodological work on this topic focuses historical and legal research on understanding the essence of legal existence in the context of the ancient Roman greeting of the triumphant memento mori.