bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical modeling of inflammatory processes of atherosclerosis
Authors: Abi Younes G. , El Khatib N.
Published: January 2022

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease which involves the build up of cholesterol and fatty deposits within the inner lining of the artery. It is associated with a progressive thickening and hardening of the arterial wall that result in narrowing of the vessel lumen and restriction of blood flow to vital organs. These events may cause heart attack or stroke, the commonest causes of death worldwide. In this paper we study the early stages of atherosclerosis via a mathematical model of partial differential equations of reaction-diffusion type. The model includes several key species and identifies endothelial hyperpermeability, believed to be a precursor on the onset of atherosclerosis. For simplicity, we reduce the system to a monotone system and provide a biological interpretation for the stability analysis according to endothelial functionality. We investigate as well the existence of solutions of traveling waves type along with numerical simulations. The obtained results are in good agreement with current biological knowledge. Likewise, they confirm and generalize results of mathematical models previously performed in literature. Then, we study the non monotone reduced model and prove the existence of perturbed solutions and perturbed waves, particularly in the bistable case. Finally, we extend the study by considering the complete model proposed initially, perform numerical simulations and provide more specific results. We study the consistency between the reduced and complete model analysis for a certain range of parameters, we elaborate bifurcation diagrams showing the evolution of inflammation upon endothelial permeability and LDL accumulation and we consider the effect of anti-inflammatory process on the system behavior. In this model, the regulation of atherosclerosis progression is mediated by anti-inflammatory responses that, up to certain extent, lead to plaque regression.
Muscle Oxygenation during Repeated Cycling Sprints in a Combined Hot
and Hypoxic Condition
Authors: Yamaguchi Keiichi , Kasai Nobukazu , Hayashi Nanako , Yatsutani Haruka , Girard Olivier , Goto Kazushige
Published: January 2022

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a combined hot and
hypoxic environment on muscle oxygenation and performance during repeated
cycling sprints. In a single-blind, counterbalanced, cross-over research design,
10 male athletes performed three sets of 3 × 10-s maximal pedaling
interspersed with 40-s recovery between sprints under four different
environments. Each condition consisted of a control (CON; 20°C,
20.9% FiO2), normobaric hypoxia (HYP; 20°C,
14.5% FiO2), hot (HOT; 35°C, 20.9%
FiO2), and combined hot and normobaric hypoxia (HH; 35°C,
14.5% FiO2). Power output and vastus lateralis muscle
oxygenation were measured. Peak power output was significantly higher in HOT
(892±27 W) and HH (887±24 W) than in CON
(866±25 W) and HYP (859±25 W) during the first
set (p<0.05). The increase in total hemoglobin during recovery periods
was larger in HH than in HYP (p<0.05), while change in tissue saturation
index was smaller in HYP than in CON and HOT (p<0.05). The findings
suggest that the combination of hot and hypoxia during repeated cycling sprints
presented different characteristics for muscle metabolism and power output
compared to temperature or altitude stressor alone.
DOAC Dipstick Testing Can Reliably Exclude the Presence of Clinically Relevant DOAC Concentrations in Circulation
Authors: Margetić Sandra , Ćelap Ivana , Huzjan Arijana Lovrenčić , Puretić Marijana Bosnar , Goreta Sandra Šupraha , Glojnarić Anesa Čajević , Brkljačić Diana Delić , Mioč Pavao , Harenberg Job , Hetjens Svetlana , Weiss Christel
Published: January 2022

In certain clinical situations, it is necessary to determine whether clinically relevant plasma levels of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are present. We examined whether qualitative testing of DOACs in urine samples can exclude DOAC plasma concentrations of ≥30 ng/mL. This prospective single-center cohort study included consecutive patients treated with an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor (DXI) (apixaban, n = 31, rivaroxaban, n = 53) and direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) (dabigatran, n = 44). We aimed to define the negative predictive value (NPV) and other statistical parameters of detecting DXIs and DTIs by DOAC Dipstick at plasma concentrations of ≥30 ng/mL. We also determined the best-fit threshold plasma levels using chromogenic substrate assays by logistic regression analysis. Between July 2020 and July 2021, 128 eligible patients (mean age 66 years, 55 females) were included into the study. The NPVs and sensitivities for DXI and DTI of DOAC Dipstick were 100% at ≥30 ng/mL plasma, for specificities 6 and 21% and for positive predictive values 62 and 72%, respectively. All diagnostic statistical tests improved to values between 86 and 100% at best-fitting plasma thresholds of ≥14 ng/mL for DXI and ≥19 ng/mL for DTI. Visual analysis using the DOAC Dipstick was 100% in agreement with that of the optoelectronic DOASENSE Reader for all the three DOACs.

DOAC Dipstick testing can reliably exclude the presence of DOACs in urine samples at best-fitting thresholds of >14 and >19 ng/mL in plasma. The performance of the DOAC Dipstick at detecting lower DOAC concentrations in plasma requires confirmation.
Asymmetric Synthesis of γ-Amino-Functionalised Vinyl Sulfones: De Novo Preparation of Cysteine Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Evans Paul , Shen Wen , Cunningham Laura
Published: January 2022

The enantioselective azo-based α-amination of an aldehyde followed by a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons-based vinyl sulfone formation is reported. The thus obtained optically active N,N′-diprotected trans-(phenylsulfonyl)vinyl hydrazine products were then converted into the corresponding N-functionalised trans-(phenylsulfonyl)vinyl amines. Specifically, reaction of 4-phenylbutanal with di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (DBAD) in the presence of l- or d-proline, followed by addition of diethyl [(phenylsulfonyl)methyl]phosphonate, gave either enantiomer of di-tert-butyl trans-1-[5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl]hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate. The enantiomeric excesses of the (+)- and (–)-enantiomers prepared in this manner were in the range 86–89%. The conversion of these γ-hydrazino vinyl sulfones into the corresponding γ-amino-substituted compounds was achieved following a Boc deprotection, Zn reduction, N-functionalisation sequence. This three-step sequence was reasonably efficient (approx. 50%) and no erosion of enantiopurity was found to have taken place. The compounds accessed via this process include both enantiomers of tert-butyl trans-[5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl]carbamate and epimeric dipeptide mimetics including 4-methyl-N-{(S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-1-[((S,E)-5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl)amino]propan-2-yl}piperazine-1-carboxamide (also known as K777).
Rare Presentations of Frontal Sinus Fungus Ball: A Systematic Review
Authors: Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Lima Lesley Ane Roks de , Spies Jonas Willian , Sella Guilherme Constante Preis
Published: January 2022

Introduction The sinus fungus ball is an agglomeration of debris and hyphae, mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, within the paranasal sinus, commonly affecting a single sinus, and it only rarely affects the frontal sinus.

Objective To identify the state of the art of fungus ball in paranasal sinuses, especially related to the epidemiology of the disease in the frontal sinus. Additionally, this article reports a rare case of fungus ball in the frontal sinus in an adult male, and discusses the variables of this condition related to the patient.

Data Synthesis All of the 8 cases of fungus ball in the frontal sinus reported in this study affected male patients: 40% had unilateral disease, and 60%, bilateral disease, contrary to the incidence data of fungus ball in the other paranasal sinuses, which reports unilateral prevalence. However, in the present study, this index changes, with 50% of unilateral and 50% of bilateral incidence regarding frontal sinus involvement. The average age of the patients was 65.36 years (range: 60-74 years). The etiologic agent was Aspergillus spp., and the endonasal endoscopic therapeutic approach corresponded to 80% of cases, while frontal osteoplasty accounted for 20% of cases, reaffirming the prevalence data from other studies.

Conclusion Despite being a low-incidence entity, frontal sinus fungus ball should be considered in patients with pain in the frontal region refractory to the usual clinical treatments.
Bracing for the Patellofemoral Joint
Authors: Phillips Rachel , Choo Stephanie , Nuelle Clayton W.
Published: January 2022

Patellofemoral disorders are common causes of knee pain that result in frequent visitations to musculoskeletal care clinics. Patellar tendinopathy, patellar instability and patellar maltracking, and pain are some of the most common pathologies resulting in patellofemoral dysfunction. For each of these diagnoses, there are unique orthoses and braces available, some of which are uniquely designed to address the pathology involved. While the spectrum of patellofemoral disorders is wide ranging and can often be challenging to treat, bracing frequently plays a large role in the overall treatment algorithm. In this article, we summarized the current literature and treatment recommendations related to the most common types of patellar braces. We performed a thorough review of randomized controlled trials and up to date literature to reach well-informed conclusions on current best practice regarding the uses of patellar braces for patellofemoral disorders.
Management of Neonatal Limb Ischemia Secondary to Peripheral Arterial Lines: A Systematic Review
Authors: Slee Samantha Louise , Ma Yangmyung
Published: January 2022

Limb ischemia is a rare complication of peripheral arterial lines, but there is inconsistency with management. We aimed to describe the variation in the management of limb ischemia secondary to a peripheral arterial line and to determine a consensus for management. The systematic review consisted of searching PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and references of journals using pre-trialed medical subject headings terms and articles. The sources were scrutinized against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-six articles were included for full-text analysis: seven retrospective reviews and 19 case reports. The most common site of insertion was femoral (30%), followed by radial (25%). Seventy-one percent of the patients were treated medically, 18% surgically, 9% both medically and surgically, and one patient was treated conservatively with debridement and accurate approximation. The majority of interventions were successful in treating limb ischemia, with 91% achieving a good outcome. All patients who received glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and all surgical interventions, including conservative management, achieved good outcomes. Medical management was successful in 92%, whereas a combined approach of surgical and medical management was successful in 75% of patients. There is wide variation in the management of limb ischemia secondary to peripheral arterial lines. There is apparent success observed with topical 2% GTN and surgical interventions, with thrombolysis and, in case of no improvement, with thrombectomy, across various studies. We recommend that an updated international consensus be reached on the management of neonates with limb ischemia secondary to a peripheral arterial line.
Selectivity of parvalbumin B protein binding to Ca2+ and Mg2+ at anab initioQM/MM level using the reference-potential method
Authors: Jin Shuwei , Wang Jia-Ning , Xue Yuanfei , Li Pengfei , Mei Ye
Published: January 2022

Ion selectivity in protein binding sites is of great significance to biological functions. Although additive force fields have been successfully applied to various protein-related studies, it is difficult to well capture the subtle metal-protein interaction for the prediction of ion selectivity, due to the remarkable polarization and charge transfer effect between the metals and the surrounding residues. Quantum mechanics-based methods are well-suited for dealing with these systems, but they are too costly to apply in a direct manner. In this work, the reference-potential method (RPM) was used to measure the selectivity for calcium and magnesium cations in the binding pocket of parvalbumin B protein by calculating the free energy change associated with this substitution reaction at an ab initio quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) level. The alchemical transformations were performed at the molecular mechanics level, and the relative binding free energy was then corrected to the QM/MM level via thermodynamic perturbation. In this way, the free energy change at the QM/MM level for the substitution reaction was obtained without running the QM/MM simulations, thus remarkably enhancing the efficiency. In the reweighting process, we found that the selection of the QM region greatly affects the accuracy of the QM/MM method. In particular, the charge transfer effect on the free energy change of a reaction cannot be neglected.
Molecular dynamics insights into electron-catalyzed dissociation repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer
Authors: Gao Liang , Bu Yuxiang
Published: January 2022

Excess electrons are not only an important source of radiation damage, but also participate in the repair process of radiation damage such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD). Using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, we reproduce the single excess electron stepwise catalytic CPD dissociation process in detail with an emphasis on the energy levels and molecular structure details associated with excess electrons. On the basis of the AIMD simulations on the CPD aqueous solution with two vertically added excess electrons, we exclude the early-proposed [2+2]-like concerted synchronous dissociation mechanism, and analyze the difference between the symmetry of the actual reaction and the symmetry of the frontier molecular orbitals which deeply impact the mechanism. Importantly, we propose a new model of the stepwise electron-catalyzed dissociation mechanism that conforms to the reality. This work not only provides dynamics insights into the excess electron catalyzed dissociation mechanism, but also reveals different roles of two excess electrons in two bond-cleavage steps (promoting versus inhibiting).
Unbiased fuzzy global optimization of Morse clusters with short-range potential for N ≤ 400
Authors: Chen Liping , Wang Linjun
Published: January 2022

Global optimization of Morse clusters with shortrange potential is a great challenge. Here, we apply our recently developed unbiased fuzzy global optimization method to systematically study Morse clusters with the potential range ρ = 14 and the number of atoms N up to 400. All the putative global minima reported in the literature have been successfully reproduced with relatively high success ratios. Compared to the available results for N ≤ 240 and several larger Morse clusters, new global minima (and local minima) with lower energies have been found out for N = 164, 175, 188, 193, 194, 197, 239, 246, 260, 318, and 389. Clusters with magic numbers are figured out through fitting the size-dependent global minimum energies. The cluster structures tend to be close-packed for short-range potential with large N.
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics study based on TorchMD
Authors: Xu Peijun , Mou Xiaohong , Guo Qiuhan , Fu Ting , Ren Hong , Wang Guiyan , Li Yan , Li Guohui
Published: January 2022

The coarse grained (CG) model implements the molecular dynamics simulation by simplifying atom properties and interaction between them. Despite losing certain detailed information, the CG model is still the first-thought option to study the large molecule in long time scale with less computing resource. The deep learning model mainly mimics the human studying process to handle the network input as the image to achieve a good classification and regression result. In this work, the TorchMD, a MD framework combining the CG model and deep learning model, is applied to study the protein folding process. In 3D collective variable (CV) space, the modified find density peaks algorithm is applied to cluster the conformations from the TorchMD CG simulation. The center conformation in different states is searched. And the boundary conformations between clusters are assigned. The string algorithm is applied to study the path between two states, which are compared with the end conformations from all atoms simulations. The result shows that the main phenomenon of protein folding with TorchMD CG model is the same as the all-atom simulations, but with a less simulating time scale. The workflow in this work provides another option to study the protein folding and other relative processes with the deep learning CG model.
Cascaded InGaSb quantum dot mid-infrared LEDs
Authors: Muhowski A. J. , Kamboj A. , Briggs A. F. , Nordin L. , Bank S. R. , Wasserman D.
Published: January 2022

We demonstrate cascaded, mid-infrared light-emitting diodes with quantum dot based active regions. Cascading is achieved through highly reverse-biased AlInAsSb tunnel junctions that serve to connect the successive InGaSb quantum dot active regions. Temperature-dependent characterization of the output irradiance as a function of the current and voltage indicates that the cascade architecture has minimal leakage currents in contrast to earlier single-stage devices and provides carrier recycling with a concomitant increase in irradiance. The results show that cascaded architectures can be applied to quantum dot platforms and that the quantum efficiency of the active region limits the overall device efficiency.
Experimental investigation of face mask filtration in the 15–150 μm range for stationary flows
Authors: Öhman Johan , Gren Per , Sjödahl Mikael , Lundström T. Staffan
Published: January 2022

The effectiveness of face masks for preventing airborne transmission has been debated heavily during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper investigates the filtration efficiency for four different face mask materials, two professional and two homemade, for different airflow conditions using model experiments and artificially generated water droplets. The size range chosen represents particles with the largest volume that can be suspended in air. The particles are detected using double pulsed interferometric particle imaging, from which it is possible to estimate the positions, velocity, and size of individual particles. It is found that all the tested face masks are efficient in preventing particles from transmission through the mask material. In the presence of leakage, particles larger than approximately 100μm are completely removed from the air stream. The filtration efficiency decreases with the decreasing particle size to approximately 80% for 15μm particles. The size dependency in the leakage is mainly due to the momentum of the larger particles. The results show that even simple face mask materials with leakage prevent a large portion of the emitted particles in the 15–150 μm range.
Comparing the nature of quantum plasmonic excitations for closely spaced silver and gold dimers
Authors: Jamshidi Zahra , Asadi-Aghbolaghi Narges , Morad Razieh , Mahmoudi Erfan , Sen Souloke , Maaza Malik , Visscher Lucas
Published: January 2022

In the new field of quantum plasmonics, plasmonic excitations of silver and gold nanoparticles are utilized to manipulate and control light–matter interactions at the nanoscale. While quantum plasmons can be described with atomistic detail using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (DFT), such studies are computationally challenging due to the size of the nanoparticles. An efficient alternative is to employ DFT without approximations only for the relatively fast ground state calculations and use tight-binding approximations in the demanding linear response calculations. In this work, we use this approach to investigate the nature of plasmonic excitations under the variation of the separation distance between two nanoparticles. We thereby provide complementary characterizations of these excitations in terms of Kohn–Sham single–orbital transitions, intrinsic localized molecular fragment orbitals, scaling of the electron–electron interactions, and probability of electron tunneling between monomers.
Clarification of the relative magnitude of exciton binding energies in ZnO and SnO2
Authors: Shen Tao , Yang Kaike , Dou Baoying , Wei Su-Huai , Liu Yuanyue , Deng Hui-Xiong
Published: January 2022

ZnO and SnO2 are wide bandgap semiconductors, which have great potential for UV detectors, light emitting diodes, and other optoelectronic devices. The performance of these devices is significantly affected by exciton binding energies of oxides. Although bandgaps of ZnO and SnO2 are similar, their exciton binding energies differ by a large amount, because it was reported experimentally that the exciton binding energy of SnO2 is 130 meV, which is higher than that of ZnO with 60 meV. On the other hand, because ZnO has higher ionicity and a large overlap of electrons and hole wavefunctions, it is expected that it should have larger exciton binding energy than that of SnO2 [Dvorak et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 016402 (2013)]. Therefore, there is a controversy for relative magnitudes of the exciton binding energy between SnO2 and ZnO. Here, based on accurate GW + Bethe–Salpeter equation calculations, we clarify that the exciton binding energy of SnO2 is less than that of ZnO, following the general rule; therefore, more experimental study should be carried out to verify our predictions. We expect that this fundamental understanding of the relative magnitude of exciton binding energies will be useful for prospective applications of ZnO and SnO2 in optoelectronic devices.
Field-induced light emission from a close-packed Mn-doped ZnS quantum-dot layer in an alternate-current thin-film electroluminescent configuration
Authors: Longo A. V. , Notebaert B. , Chevillot A. , Gaceur M. , Messina R. , Durnez A. , Baptiste T. , Dupuis C. , Madouri A. , Battaglini N. , Ammar S.
Published: January 2022

By exploiting the configuration of an alternate-current thin-film electroluminescent device, we observe the emission of light from a close-packed spin-cast layer of manganese-doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles (NPs), sandwiched between two dielectric layers, induced by the application of an AC voltage. By means of a microwave-assisted polyol synthesis, we are able to obtain high-crystalline surfactant-free NPs, which can be closely packed in the emitting layer, allowing an emission mechanism due to local charge creation and transport, instead of the typical impact-excitation process. This synthesis route allows us to get rid of a bulk semiconductor layer, implying that far less expensive routes for the active layer deposition such as spin coating, inkjet printing, or spray coating can be used. Our work allows us to get a deeper insight into the role played by the NP structure on the charge-transfer mechanism behind light emission and paves the way to a new generation of non-toxic quantum-dot-based displays.
High-efficient selected area grain boundary diffusion for enhancing the coercivity of thick Nd-Fe-B magnets
Authors: He Jiayi , Song Wenyue , Liu Xiangyi , Yu Hongya , Zhong Xichun , Liu Zhongwu
Published: January 2022

Grain boundary diffusion (GBD) is an effective approach for improving the coercivity of Nd-Fe-B magnets with less heavy rare earth consumption. However, it generally only works well for thin magnets since the infiltration depth of diffusion source is limited. Here, a GBD approach that mainly diffuses the source from the edge and corner areas of the magnet, named selected area GBD (SAGBD), is proposed for treating thick magnets. After diffusing Pr-Tb-Al-Cu alloy by SAGBD, the coercivity of a 12-mm thick magnet was increased from 1070 to 1675 kA/m. By this approach, the coercivity enhancement with 1 wt. % Tb was 465 kA·m−1, 1.6 times as much as that by diffusion from two easy magnetization planes. For achieving a coercivity enhancement of ∼600 kA/m, the thickness of treated magnet was increased by 4 mm. Although the diffusion from six planes can further increase the coercivity, SAGBD leads to high efficient use of Tb and less reduction of remanence. The microstructure characterizations and micromagnetic simulation demonstrated that the edges and corners are magnetic “weak” areas of the magnet, and SAGBD can effectively hinder the nucleation of reversed domains in these places and the rapid reversal propagation in whole magnet. The present approach is important for the high-efficient use of the diffusion source and the fabrication of large-size Nd-Fe-B products with high stability.
Tuning interfacial charge transfer in atomically precise nanographene–graphene heterostructures by engineering van der Waals interactions
Authors: Yu Xiaoqing , Fu Shuai , Mandal Mukunda , Yao Xuelin , Liu Zhaoyang , Zheng Wenhao , Samorì Paolo , Narita Akimitsu , Müllen Klaus , Andrienko Denis , Bonn Mischa , Wang Hai I.
Published: January 2022

Combining strong light absorption and outstanding electrical conductivity, hybrid nanographene–graphene (NG–Gr) van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) represent an emerging material platform for versatile optoelectronic devices. Interfacial charge transfer (CT), a fundamental process whose full control remains limited, plays a paramount role in determining the final device performance. Here, we demonstrate that the interlayer vdW interactions can be engineered by tuning the sizes of bottom-up synthesized NGs to control the interfacial electronic coupling strength and, thus, the CT process in NG–Gr vdWHs. By increasing the dimensions of NGs from 42 to 96 sp2 carbon atoms in the polyaromatic core to enhance the interfacial coupling strength, we find that the CT efficiency and rate in NG–Gr vdWHs display a drastic increase of one order of magnitude, despite the fact that the interfacial energy driving the CT process is unfavorably reduced. Our results shed light on the CT mechanism and provide an effective knob to tune the electronic coupling at NG–Gr interfaces by controlling the size-dependent vdW interactions.
Small synthetic molecules with antiglycation activity. Structure–activity relationship
Authors: Savateev K. V. , Spasov A. A. , Rusinov V. L.
Published: January 2022

The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is currently considered as one of the key factors in aging processes, the pathogenesis of late complications of diabetes mellitus, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This review is devoted to small synthetic molecules with antiglycation activity, i.e., compounds with the ability to inhibit AGE formation. Molecules with antiglycation activity in the low micromolar range (<10 μM), primarily fused heterocyclic systems containing oxygen or nitrogen as heteroatoms and (thio)ureas, have been discovered to date. The known scaffolds with antiglycation activity are analyzed, structural modifications to enhance antiglycation abilities are highlighted and the structure–activity relationships are discussed.
 The bibliography includes 125 references
LCDR
regulates the integrity of lysosomal membrane by hnRNP K–stabilized
LAPTM5
transcript and promotes cell survival
Authors: Yang Xiwang , Wen Ya , Liu Shaomin , Duan Liqiang , Liu Tongfeng , Tong Zhou , Wang Zhuo , Gu Yinmin , Xi Yibo , Wang Xiaodong , Luo Dingsan , Zhang Ruobing , Liu Yajuan , Wang Yang , Cheng Tianyou , Jiang Siyuan , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yang Xiaohui , Pan Yongbo , Cheng Shuwen , Ye Qinong , Chen Jinfei , Xu Xiaoding , Gao Shan
Published: January 2022

Significance

Here, we report that the long noncoding RNA
lysosome cell death regulator
(
LCDR
) mediates the survival of cancer cells, counteracting the effects of apoptosis triggered by lysosomal cell death pathways. Mechanistically,
LCDR
, as a cofactor for heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) to potentiate the stabilization of lysosomal membrane protein lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5), prevents lysosomal membrane permeabilization and promotes cancer cell survival. Clinically,
LCDR
, hnRNP K, and LAPTM5 are significantly up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Targeting
LCDR
via nanoparticles-mediated RNA interference technology increases cell death in vitro and inhibits the growth of patient-derived xenografts of LUAD in vivo. Our study demonstrates that
LCDR
contributes to cancer pathology by regulating
LCDR
-mediated apoptosis.
Microstructures and mechanical performance of Mg–4Si–6Ni–xY in situ composite after extrusion process
Authors: Salehzadeh-Nobari I. , Emamy M. , Ra'ayatpour M. , Mirzadeh H.
Published: January 2022

The microstructures and mechanical properties of the in situ Mg–4Si–6Ni– xY ( x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 wt-% Y) composites were studied in this research. Y addition and hot extrusion improved ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation values by refining the grains, Mg2Si intermetallic and blocky χ-phase within the structure. The addition of 0.9 wt-%Y reduced the grain size from ∼435 to ∼180 µm in the cast state and enhanced the UTS amounts from 159 MPa for the as-cast state to 295 MPa in hot extruded condition. After hot extrusion, grain refinement was an effective strengthening mechanism that increased the toughness values. Microscopic fracture studies displayed several cleavage planes in the cast state and more dimples in the extruded form.
The microstructure of Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory thin films: A review
Authors: Li Jun , Feng Xinxin , Wang Haizhen , Meng Xianglong , Gao Zhiyong , Yi Xiaoyang
Published: January 2022

Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory thin films have attracted more attention as a result of the perfect combination of various advantages such as narrower thermal hysteresis, superior thermal cycling stability, higher strength and long-term functional fatigue. The prominent functional properties were closely related to their specific crystal structure and microstructural features. In the present paper, the microstructure in equiatomic, Ti-rich and (Ni,Cu)-rich shape memory thin films were reviewed. In addition, the corresponding results including martensitic transformation, microstructure and strain recovery characteristics of Ti-Ni-Cu thin films without precipitates and containing different types of precipitates were summarised. Besides, the mechanisms for obtaining the outstanding functional properties are discussed and reviewed, which can offer the theoretical basis to the design of Ti-Ni-Cu shape memory alloy thin film micro actuators with excellent performances.
Optomechanically-generated photon–phonon single pairs with both discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements
Authors: Yu Cun , Yang Zhenshan , Meng Xiangguo , Zhang Zhentao , Zhang Xia , Bai Chenglin
Published: January 2022

By exploiting two mechanical modes in an optomechanical resonator, photon–phonon single pairs with both discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements can be generated in a waveguide that is coupled to the resonator. The discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements in the photon–phonon pair can be independently controlled via adjusting the central frequency and spectral width of the input optical pump, respectively.
Photoelectron spectra of argon in circularly polarized pulses studied by atom-Volkov strong-field approximation
Authors: Jiang Tsin-Fu
Published: January 2022

We studied the above-threshold ionization (ATI) spectra of argon in circularly polarized pulse by the atom-Volkov strong-field approximation (SFA). A dip appears in the spectra due to the presence of a zero in the dipole matrix element, corresponding to a transition from the ground state to the L = 2 continuum at electron kinetic energy ∼30.6 eV. No such dip appears when the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) is used instead, because the transition amplitude in SFA is the first-order term in the S-matrix series while TDSE contains all orders. In contrast, the effect of Cooper minimum shows up in high-order harmonic generations, which is an inverse process of photoionization where the recombination transition is first-order. We examine several sets of pulse parameters and found that when the SFA validity conditions are satisfied, the atom-Volkov SFA generates better ATI spectra than the simple SFA.
Bead-like carbon fibers consisting of abundantly exposed active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Jiang Weiya , Huang Bing , Hu Rongtao , Cui Yaqi , Guan Lunhui
Published: January 2022

Rational design is essential in the synthesis of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we introduced zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) into the electrospinning process of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and hemin to increase the active site loading and exposed active area of the final product with empty bead-like structures. In this method, ZIF-8 acts as a carbon skeleton to provide a rich microporous structure that can support active sites, and as a nitrogen dopant to improve nitrogen contents. PVP changes the properties of the spinning solution, adjusts the fiber morphology, and to increase the exposed area of active sites as a pore former. The obtained Fe–N–C ORR catalyst delivered a half-wave potential (E
1/2) of 0.924 V in a 0.1 M KOH solution and 0.77 V in a 0.1 M HClO4 solution. A homemade zinc air battery with power density of 236 mW cm−2 demonstrated the excellent performance of the catalyst under working conditions.
Non-contact magnetic actuated shape-programmable poly(aryl ether ketone)s and their structural variation during the deformation process
Authors: Yang Shuai , He Yang , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong
Published: January 2022

Here, a series of thermoplastic shape memory poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) with programmable transition temperature were synthesized via a condensation polymerization reaction. The introduction of flexible segments and side groups onto PAEK main chains promoted the formation of the alternating rigid-flexible structures and the enhanced shape memory properties. The synthesized PAEKs exhibited the great thermal stability and strength which could greatly meet the demands in engineering applications. In addition, non-contact actuation of the shape memory behaviors of PAEKs was realized through the integration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with magnetocaloric effect. More significantly, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis was utilized to reveal the transition of molecular chains and phase states during the stretching and heating processes. The change of internal structures and orientation of molecular chains during the deformation process might contribute to the regulation of shape memory behaviors. These studies on the fabrication of shape memory PAEKs with non-contact magnetic actuation performances and the investigation of their structural variation during the stretching and heating process were expected to open doors for the fabrication and investigation of new type of shape memory polymers.
Analysis of college students misconceptions in astronomy using four-tier test
Authors: Azizah S N , Akhsan H , Muslim M , Ariska M
Published: January 2022

This study aims to find out the misconceptions experienced by college students in Astronomy material using four-tier Diagnostic test through the google form. The population of this study were all 5th semester students of the Sriwijaya University Physics Education Study Program. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. Descriptive research here is intended to identify the physics misconceptions experienced by college students in material Astronomy using four-tier diagnostic test. Quantitative research is intended to obtain data from research samples analyzed according to the statistical methods used. This research produces a description of the phenomenon of Astronomical misconceptions that occur. The instrument used is a multiple choice four-tier diagnostic test consisting of 10 questions. Based on the results of research and data analysis showed that overall percentage, college students experienced misconceptions of 57.34%, so that college students’ misconceptions were categorized as moderate level misconceptions.
The influence of the hybrid learning model using the schoology application in basic physics lectures to improve process skills in the industrial 4.0 period
Authors: Nasution E S , Rhamyanti Y , Lubis R U , Harahap D G S , Harahap A N , Sara Y , Sikumbang R S
Published: January 2022

The development of science and technology in the industrial period 4.0 needs to be improved through the improvement of human resources. The learning process in the industrial period 4.0 is required for the world of education to develop, especially in the field of technology. One of the learning models used is the Hybrid learning model by using schoology applications to assist students in improving process skills in basic physics course materials. Therefore, one of the objectives of this study is to find out the influence of hybrid learning models using schoology applications in basic physics courses in improving process skills in the face ofindustry 4.0. The population of this study is all students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Sampling techniques are used cluster random sampling where students as experimental classes that use hybrid learning models using schoology and math students as control classes using e learning models. The instrument used is a matterof process skills test. The resultof the study for the average value of the control class on pretes was 37.17 and the average postes score was 66.94. The average pretest score in the training experiment classwas 36.83 and the average postes score was 78.61, this suggests there is an influenceof hybrid learning models using schoology applications on process skills in basic physics courses.
Synthesis TiO2 using sonochemical method and responses the CO2 gas of the nanoparticle TiO2 layers on the QCM sensor surfaces
Authors: Mardiana L , Wardoyo A Y P , Masruroh  , Dharmawan H A
Published: January 2022

TiO2 synthesis using sonochemical methods and their coating on the surface of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor utilizing the spin coating method has been carried out. The synthesis started by mixing 7 ml of titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) (97%) in 70 ml of ethanol (96%). The mixture of TTIP solution was stirred for 30 minutes. After ward, the sonication was carried out for 4 hours at a frequency of 40 kHz and heated for 16 hours at 80 °C. To produce TiO2 powder, the precursor was calcined at 500°C for 3 hours. The TiO2 nanoparticle was analyzed using XRD, and the particle size was observed using SEM/Eds. Based on the XRD results, the crystal structure of Anatases was obtained at the 2θ (deg) of 25.503°(101), 29.56° (103), 36.20° (004), 37.977° (112), 48. 25.9° (200), 54.100° (105), 55.272° (211), 62.89°. The particle size from the SEM results showed the average particle size in the range of ±7μm-±54 nm with the majority in ±96 nm. The obtained TiO2 was dissolved with ethanol then the solvent was deposited on the QCM surface using the spin coating method. A homogeneous and porous surface structure is obtained from the SEM observation. The coated QCM was tested for its ability to adsorb CO2 gas. QCM was exposed to CO2 gas for 100 seconds with a constant exposure discharge. A positive response was obtained for the adsorbability of the coated QCM to adsorb CO2 gas with time variations. TiO2’s response against CO2 gas adsorption indicates that TiO2 can be further investigated as a CO2 gas sensor. The measuring response of the TiO2 layer on the QCM sensor was conducted to adsorb CO2 gas.
Thermodynamics of regular Kerr-Sen black hole
Authors: Jayawiguna B N
Published: January 2022

By evaluating the corresponding Killing vector, we study the thermodynamics quantity of regular black hole in the low energy string theory. From our result, we can infer that the regularity of a black hole enables the Hawking temperature to have local optima. The stability of a black hole from the heat capacity is also discussed.
Comparison between the magnetic method data of pseudogravity transformation with gravity anomaly data from satellite imagery in the surrounding of the Sutami Dam to identify subsurface formations
Authors: Sutasoma M , Susilo A , Sunaryo  , Suryo E A , Minardi S , Cahyo R H D
Published: January 2022

Research has been carried out to determine the subsurface formations in the Sutami dam area and its surroundings using the magnetic method of pseudogravity transformation and satellite imagery gravity anomaly data. This study aims to compare the subsurface formations in the area around the Sutami Dam between the data of the pseodu-gravity transformation magnetic method and the gravity anomaly data of satellite imagery. Data acquisition using the pseudogravity magnetic transformation method was carried out using the Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) Scientrex Model G-8 with a spacing of 300 meters. Satellite imagery gravity anomaly data was taken from the Gravity Model Plus (GGM plus) with a spacing of 220 meters. The radius of geomagnetic data acquisition was 15 km. The number of data for the magnetic method of pseudogravity transformation was 1,372 measurement points and satellite imagery gravity anomaly data was 3,000 measurement points. The results showed that the rock formations from the magnetic method of pseudogravity transformation and satellite gravity anomaly data were compatible. There are 4 types of subsurface formations in the study area, namely soil (Δρ = 1.6 g/cm3), Butak Volcanic Product (Δρ = 2 g/cm3), Tuff Deposit (Δρ = 2.1 g/cm3) and Campurdarat Formation (Δρ = 2.6 g/cm3).
Digital-based thermoelectric generator
Authors: Azhar  , Lathifah M F , Doyan A , Susilawati  , Hudha L S
Published: January 2022

A thermoelectric generator or also known as a Seebeck generator is an electrical generator device that converts temperature differences into electrical energy using a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect. To find out the magnitude of the voltage generated by the thermoelectric, a series of tests on the thermoelectric must be carried out where one of the test methods is to provide a significant temperature difference on both sides of the thermoelectric generator using hot water media for the hot side and using ice cubes for the cold side. The test results show that the developed thermoelectric generator can generate an electric voltage of 1189.31 mV.
Characterization of manufacturing indicator electrodes coated PVA-enzyme coated 1X GA and 3X GA 2.9 % coated PVC-KTpClPB coated using potentiometry method
Authors: Hakim S A , Mihardi S , Rais A , Willy  , Panjaitan Y T H
Published: January 2022

Research has been carried out on the manufacture of tungsten indicator electrodes with a diameter of 1 mm coated with PVA-Enzyme coated with PVC-KTpClPB using the biosensor potentiometer method. It has a sensitivity of 19,096 mV/decade, a detection range of 1.10-5 - 5.10-4 M, a detection limit of 1.10-5 M and a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9431. This detection range is very small, only a difference of one order to the negative power. On the basis of this small range, the PVA-Enzyme and PVA-Enzyme-GA solutions have been characterized by UV-vis showing a very clear difference in the width of the absorbance peak at wavelength. The indicator electrodes B1-4 and B3-4 have been analyzed using UV-vis, FTIR, SEM-eds and XRD. The method used is the biosensor poteniometric method, urease enzyme immobilization technique, which analytes urea in determining sensitivity, detection range and detection limit, as well as variable signal analysis of 60 signals/second. The results obtained from the indicator electrode B1-4 have a sensitivity of 46.67 mV/decade, a detection range of 10-4 - 10-2 M and a detection limit of 10-4 M, R2 = 99.62 %. The indicator electrode B3-4 has a sensitivity of 38.16 mV/decade, a detection range of 10-6 - 10-4 M and a detection limit of 10-6 M, R2 = 95.42 %. The best results on electrodes B1-4.
The dielectric properties of skin damage and its correlation to free radical intensity caused by UVA/UVB radiation impact
Authors: Faisal M , Juswono U P , Santoso D R
Published: January 2022

The dielectric property in form of dielectric constant of material is a measure of material’s response to a given electric field. Electric fields induce conductive and polarizing currents based on their effect on free charge attached to biological material. This phenomenon occurs at all levels of organization including cellular, molecular and ionic. When the skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation there will be a series of chain processes that cause emergence of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the tissue. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in tissue will be very dangerous because it can cause damaging free radicals. Excessive exposure to UVA / UVB radiation causes various kinds of damage which affect the low dipole moment and polarity of cells that make up skin tissue. Dipole moment and low cell polarity will decrease the dielectric constant value of tissue which is triggered by presence of free radicals in form of singlet oxygen (1
O
2) and superoxide anion (O
-*
2).
Research on Modeling and Simulation Technology of Equipment Maintenance Support System Based on Agent
Authors: Xu Qing , Liu Hong-lin , Hou Xing-ming
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problem that the equipment maintenance support system is difficult to describe with highly stylized mathematical model, a framework model of equipment maintenance support agent is constructed. The paper introduces the Agent modeling method, analyzes the structure and workflow of the equipment maintenance support system, and abstracts the Agent framework structure according to the equipment maintenance guarantee and the modeling characteristics of the Agent. The internal modules of each Agent are designed and the agents are designed. The task environment between them has been studied, and the designed structural model can provide reference for other similar studies.
Research on an Anechoic Wind Tunnel in the Design Phase by Numerical Simulation
Authors: Li Hanqin , Fang Bin , Zhang Yongming
Published: January 2022

As an important facility for acoustic measurement and research in air medium, anechoic wind tunnel requires high acoustic performance. In this paper, the flow field and acoustic characteristics of anechoic wind tunnel were studied by modeling and simulation. The velocity and pressure distribution of the whole flow field in the wind tunnel are obtained by simulation calculation, and the noise source distribution in the anechoic wind tunnel is studied by the broadband noise source method, which provides a reference for the design, construction and optimization of the anechoic wind tunnel.
Resource Allocation for Cloud-Edge-End Simulation System
Authors: Yan Guoqiang , Mao Shaojie , Li Yuping
Published: January 2022

Aiming at the problem of simulating service requests and optimal scheduling during the operation of the cloud computing/edge computing environment, the real-time optimization scheduling technology of computing resources is studied, and elastic resource optimization scheduling is realized through data feature mining analysis, service load prediction, and collaborative resource management. Ensure that the simulation service quality meets the mission requirements and provide support.
Modeling and Analysis of Spike-Train Based on Poisson-GML
Authors: Li Yuanpeng , Yang Wenge , Fan Yile , Zhang Yu
Published: January 2022

Mathematical modeling is of great significance to the study of brain function. In this paper, an analysis method based on Poisson’s general linear model is adopted to model the brain impulse sequence. First, the ideas of Hodegkin-Hulex model, STA and Poisson’s general linear model are introduced. Secondly, the implementation of the general linear model is introduced. Finally, Poisson GLM Fit Spike-train is simulated and compared with Linear Gaussian-GLM. The AIC tradeoff estimation model fits well. The superiority of Poisson GLM Fit Spike-Train is demonstrated