bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skin affecting adverse events of immunotherapies for the treatment of malignancies
Authors:   Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Dermatology Venereology and Dermatooncology, Kuzmanovszki Daniella , Kiss Norbert , Tóth Béla , Tóth Veronika , Szakonyi József , Hársing Judit , Imrédi Eleonóra , Lőrincz Kende , Kerner Tünde , Doros Attila , Offenbacher Éva , Kiss Gergely , Patyánik Mihály , Wikonkál Norbert , Holló Péter
Published: January 2023

As the fifth pillar of antitumor treatment, immunotherapies have brought a significant breakthrough in oncology. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been shown to be the most effective modality among immunotherapies by stimulating the antitumor activity of the patient’s immune system. Monoclonal antibodies such as inhibitors of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death protein ligand (PD-L1) as immune checkpoint blockers (ICIs) have been approved in many solid tumors. In addition to the introduction of immunotherapies, immunerelated side effects must also be expected. Skin reactions are one of the leading adverse immune-mediated adverse events. Below, we describe the typical immune-mediated adverse reactions affecting the skin during immunotherapy used in oncology.
The podiatrist's role in the treatment of the diabetic foot
Authors:   Istenhegyi Private Clinic Budapest, Ignáth Györgyi
Published: January 2023

The treatment of the diabetic foot needs a multidisciplinary team. The proper diagnosis and treatment is based on the close cooperation of the, dermatologist, diabetologist, angiologist, surgent, ortopedist and podiatrist. Studies evaluate that the intervention in time and the active care of pathological pressure ulcer by podiatrists starting at an early phase leads to reduction of foot complications of the diabetic patients. The aim of the publication is to describe the task of the podiatrist.
Study on Urban Proximity Prediction Based on Doppler Radar Gust Front Characteristics and Urban Microclimate Characteristics
Authors: Keqi Zhao
Published: January 2023

Based on the state response of fractional order singular linear systems with impulses, the sufficient and necessary conditions for complete controllability and observability of fast subsystems are studied and given, and the criteria for complete controllability and observability of fast subsystems are further established. These assumptions are too strong to synthesize the controllability of slow subsystems and fast subsystems. The method proposed in this paper does not need these assumptions, The approximate controllability of Hilfer fractional order integro differential equations is studied by using the order method. The controllability and observability criteria of the system described by fractional order differential equations are derived. When the rank of its controllability discrimination matrix M and observability discrimination matrix N is full, the fractional order system is controllable and observable.
Practical Exploration on the Cultural Consciousness of Ideological and Political Education of College Students in the Information Age
Authors: Xiaolin Zhao
Published: January 2023

With the continuous development of the times, the society has higher and higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of college students. It needs not only single knowledge talents, but also comprehensive high-quality talents with cultural awareness and cultural self-confidence. Teaching practice has proved that ideological and political education plays a crucial role in cultural construction. Therefore, colleges and universities should actively explore how to scientifically use ideological and political education to improve college students' cultural consciousness and self-confidence and promote the construction process of our socialist civilized society. As a new concept, cultural self-consciousness is an innovative way to regulate the development of society and nation, which is also found and studied by ideological and political education in colleges and universities. It is of great significance to analyze the cultural characteristics, functions, and existing problems of ideological and political education for college students in order to improve their ideological and cultural quality.
Study on the Protection System and Capacity Building of Crop Germplasm Resources
Authors: Shu Xiaoxia
Published: January 2023

Although remarkable achievements have been made in the protection and utilization of agricultural germplasm resources over the years, there are still problems. This paper summarizes the current situation of the protection and utilization of crop germplasm resources in Yunnan Province and puts forward development ideas and suggestions for the protection and utilization of resources in the future. It is pointed out that the protection and utilization of germplasm resources are not systematic, the utilization rate of germplasm resources is low, breeding innovation is difficult, there is a lack of large-scale "breeding and promotion integration" enterprises, the infrastructure is not perfect, and the use of land for supporting facilities is difficult, and relevant suggestions are put forward in order to provide reference for the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, the selection and promotion of excellent varieties and the development of seed industry in China.
Ensaio teórico sobre o uso das redes neurais artificiais no gerenciamento de resultados
Authors: Da Silveira Elmo Dias , De Souza Paulo Vitor Souza , De Britto Paulo Augusto Pettenuzzo
Published: January 2023

A Rede Neural Artificial (RNA) tem capacidade de simular uma rede neural biológica e apresenta-se como uma ferramenta que pode auxiliar na redução de problemas econométricos mediante modelos matemáticos. Modelos de gerenciamento de resultados apresentam um problema fundamental pelo fato dos accruals discricionários da gestão não serem diretamente observáveis, o que vem a afetar a avaliação do desempenho real de empresas.  Portanto, este ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar a RNA como uma abordagem que pode minimizar problemas observados em modelos de gerenciamento de resultados por accruals. A literatura sobre gerenciamento de resultados apresenta diversos problemas relacionados aos modelos por accruals: proxies não confiáveis, interpretação restrita, incentivos, existência de condições simultâneas, problemas de correlação, classificação e especificação em modelos de gerenciamento, entre outros. Com base no suporte teórico apresentado pela literatura, entende-se que a utilização da abordagem da RNA pode proporcionar melhores níveis de poder e especificidade em modelos de gerenciamento de resultados por accruals. Este estudo visa contribuir com diversos usuários da informação contábil por evidenciar problemas em modelos de gerenciamento, bem como apresentar uma proposta baseada em inteligência artificial como solução para os problemas observados.
O conceito da segurança da informação como estratégia organizacional no contexto da Indústria 4.0
Authors: Martins Tailise Mascarenhas , Carneiro Rafael Nunes , Mergulhão Ricardo Coser
Published: January 2023

A Indústria 4.0 traz consigo um papel importante para os Sistemas de Informação, uma vez que, todos os sistemas inteligentes são interconectados com redes com ou sem fio e passam a tomar suas próprias decisões, percebe-se que ataques cibernéticos a essas redes causarão falhas de produção irreparáveis ou danos graves. Para aumentar a segurança da informação, é necessário abordar os riscos cibernéticos e identificar estratégias de segurança. Buscando prevenir possíveis ataques a rede. O objetivo do estudo é mostrar a importância de se abordar a segurança da informação como parte da estratégia organizacional na Indústria 4.0. O método de pesquisa foi uma revisão bibliográfica utilizando como fonte de informações as publicações sobre a temática encontradas em Bases de dados eletrônicas. O estudo concluiu que é nítida a necessidade do uso da estratégia da segurança nas organizações no contexto da Indústria 4.0, por motivos como, maior conectividade a redes cibernéticas, maior transação de dados e informações confidenciais.
An In-vitro Study of the Effect of Hydroethanol Extract of Annona senegalensis Leaves on Bitis rhinoceros (Viperidae) Venom Induced Coagulopathy
Authors: Julien Golly Koffi , Marcel Ahon Gnamien , Antoinette Yapo-Crezoit Chiayé Claire , Hermann Akaffou Marc , Benoit Yobouet Dedrekwaku Camman , Bernard Allali Kouadio , Karamoko Ouattara , Mireille Dosso , Joseph Djaman Allico
Published: January 2023

Bites of Bitis Rhinoceros (Viperidae) usually cause a hemorrhagic syndrome in the victims. This is a medical emergency. Antivenom immunotherapy remains effective. However, its availability and cost still limiting its use in Africa in general and in Côte d'Ivoire particularly.  The roots of a plant of the Annonaceae family (Annona senegalensis) are used in Côte d'Ivoire to treat cases of envenomations by Viperidae. The objective of this work is to study the modulation of the effect of Bitis rhinoceros venom on coagulation parameters by the hydroethanol extract of Annona senegalensis leaves.

The phytochemical study of the plant was carried out by monitoring effect of the venom on three blood coagulation parameters (PT, APTT, Fibrinogen) from healthy individuals in the presence and absence of the hydro-ethanolic extract. Phytochemistry revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, and polyphenolic compounds including flavonoids in this plant.

The study of the effect of the venom showed that at the concentration of 10-2 mg/mL the venom of Bitis rhinoceros modifies some coagulation parameters by the decrease of half of the prothrombin rate, the increase of the coagulation time. It has no effect on the fibrinogen level.

The effect of this venom is inhibited by 1 mg/mL of the hydroethanol extract. The leaves of Annona senegalensis contain molecules that could neutralize the action of the venom in the coagulation disorder.
An Ethnobotanical Study on Common Plants with Medicinal Properties and ITK Used by the Tea Garden Tribes of Eastern Upper Brahmaputra Valley Zone (UBVZ) of Assam
Authors: Kalita Rekhashree , Kalita Pujashree , Bhuyan Gayatri Deori , Barooah Aradhana
Published: January 2023

In Assam, ninety-six numbers of different tea and ex-tea garden tribes are residing mainly in the “Labour Lines” within the Tea Estates (TE) and neighbouring villages of TEs. Like other communities of Assam, raising plants as bio fencing as well as in the backyard garden is a traditional practice among tea garden tribes (TGT). A significantly large section of TGT relies on age old traditional system of healing by collecting herbs from their backyard and nearby forest. An ethnobotanical study was carried out through personal and group interviews with the tribal practioners in order to document the indigenous traditional knowledge (ITK) about these plants. Fifty-five (55) numbers of plant species distributed over 32 families have been documented that included almost all types of plants from trees to herbs. Highest number of plant species were found under the family Leguminaceae followed by Euphorbiaceae which were utilized for preparation of the medicine. Among all, leaves were the most frequently used plant part followed by bark and flower belonging to perennial, annual, bi perennial and semi-annual type. The study also underlines the potentials need for the documentation of traditional ecological knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of mankind.
Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnostics of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni: A Review
Authors: Mandhan Vibha , Singh Kashmir
Published: January 2023

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Asteraceae, is an herbaceous perennial plant native to Paraguay. Stevia is known to accumulate as high as 30% (w/w) of sweet steviol glycosides (SGs) in the leaf tissue. These glycosides are sweeter than common table sugar and are used as a non-calorific sweetener in many countries of the world. SGs have been reported to lower the postprandial blood glucose level of Type II diabetes patients and in reducing the blood pressure in mildly hypertensive patients. Due to these properties, S. rebaudiana has high socio-economic importance and biochemical and molecular research on this plant has gained pace. Based on the progressive research, this review summarizes the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of S. rebaudiana, with special emphasis on molecular studies involving cloning of genes involved in SG biosynthesis, transgenic studies, RNAi experiments, and miRNA profiling of this plant. This will serve to learn more about the roles of miRNAs in stevia development and physiology but also to provide a framework for further designing RNAi (RNA interference) based experiments for regulation of gene expression in this species and with continued progress in genomics and database management, Stevia will soon become one of the model plants for further comparative studies.
Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Some Aquatic Macrophytes in Two Streams along the Tiko-Douala Highway, Cameroon
Authors: Fonge B. A. , Awo M. E. , Tabot P. T. , Akango C. , Kenko D. , Djeugo C.
Published: January 2023

Aims: This study was aimed at determining the ecological health of two roadside streams across the Tiko-Douala highway, Cameroon, and investigating the phytoremediation potentials of dominant aquatic macrophytes within these streams.

Study Design: Water, sediments, and aquatic plant samples were collected from Camp 7 and Moqouo streams, and analyzed for ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phosphates, magnesium, cadmium, and lead, including other relevant water quality parameters.

Place and Duration of Study: In the Life Science Laboratory of the University of Buea, and Soil and Water Laboratory of the University of Dschang, Cameroon between June 2021 and June 2022.

Methodology: Six water samples and six sediment samples were collected per stream, and two of the most dominant plant species (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach (Poaceae) and Dicanthelium clandestinum L. (Poaceae) from Camp 7, Commelina benghalensis L. (Commelinaceae) and Oldenlandia corymbosa L.(Rubiaceae) from Moqouo stream) were collected for heavy metal analysis. Heavy metal concentration and bioaccumulation factors were determined for each plant.

 

Results: High concentrations of phosphates were recorded in Camp 7 (1.19 mg/L) and Moqouo (2.17 mg/L) streams. Dissolved oxygen levels were 0.69 mg/L and 0.80 mg/L in Camp 7 and Moqouo respectively. Sediment cadmium levels ranged from 0.33± 0.02 to 0.63± 0.16 mg/kg, and lead ranged from 0.34 ±0.03 to 0.37 ± 0.12 mg/kg in Moqouo and Camp 7 respectively.  

Conclusion: The Mouqouo and Camp 7 streams are rich in phosphates and thus not suitable for drinking and irrigation. Cadmium and lead in stream water were within the permissible limits but sediments contained higher concentrations than water and therefore they could be released gradually into the water column. All plants in the study except (Dicanthelium cladestinum) accumulated cadmium and lead, and could be potential plants for the phytoremediation of these metals.
Impasses and Nuances of Vaccination for COVID-19 in Children Aged 5-11 Years
Authors: Nicoly F. Figueiredo, , Yitzhak V. Núñez, , Karla P. M. Pérez, , Caroline P. Moreira, , J Gonçalves Júnior, , Estelita L. Cândido,
Published: January 2023

Background: In relation to COVID-19, pediatric patients are usually asymptomatic or with mild manifestations of lesser severity. On the other hand, the literature demonstrates the reduced existence of cases that progressed to serious complications. Therefore, the release of a vaccine for this age group is extremely important for children's health and for reducing the spread of the virus. Furthermore, the immunization of children against SARS-CoV-2 was implemented in some countries and, as a result, the panorama regarding this subject has changed completely, being saturated with opinions and divergences related to the topic. In view of this, the present article aims to  clarify the nuances of SARS-Cov-2 immunization in children between the ages of 5-11 years old.

Methodology: For this study, we have conducted a review on the literature regarding vaccination against COVID-19 on the 5-11 years pediatric age group, using the MeSh terms "COVID-19", "vaccination", "children", and "pandemic", in the following databases: "Google Scholar", "PubMed" and "BVS".

Results: Overall, the research has shown that the most common side effects in the pediatric age group, when present, were local pain (48,7%), headache (20,4%), fatigue (27,7%), myalgia (11,4%), and local erythema (11,4%), whilst severe symptoms, such as myocarditis, occurred with a low incidence (0,16%).

Conclusion: Due to the absence or, if present, mild /local side effects on children, the recommendations of the main health agencies are in favor of the immunization of this age group, although, further work on the social opinion is needed in order to increase public acceptance concerning the importance and safety of vaccination against COVID-19 in children between the ages of 5-11.
Algorithm-Based Palliative Care in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Parikh Ravi B. , Ferrell William J. , Li Yang , Chen Jinbo , Bilbrey Larry , Johnson Nicole , White Jenna , Sedhom Ramy , Dickson Natalie R. , Schleicher Stephen , Bekelman Justin E. , Mudumbi Sandhya
Published: February 2025

Importance

Among patients with advanced solid malignant tumors, early specialty palliative care (PC) is guideline recommended, but strategies to increase PC access and effectiveness in community oncology are lacking.

Objective

To test whether algorithm-based defaults with opting out and accountable justification embedded in the electronic health record (EHR) increase completed PC visits.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This 2-arm cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted from November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Eligible patients from 15 urban or rural clinics within a large community oncology network in Tennessee had advanced lung or noncolorectal gastrointestinal cancer and were identified by an automated EHR algorithm adapted from national guidelines. Data were analyzed between November 1, 2023, and March 4, 2024.

Intervention

At sites randomized to control, clinicians received weekly reports detailing PC referral rates compared with peer clinicians (peer comparison) and referred patients to PC at their discretion. At sites randomized to intervention, clinicians also received default PC orders using the EHR. Clinicians who opted out of PC consultation were asked to provide justification (accountable justification). If clinicians did not opt out, a study coordinator contacted patients to introduce and schedule PC visits using a standardized, predefined script.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was a completed PC consultation within 12 weeks of enrollment. Exploratory outcomes included quality of life, feeling heard and understood, and intensive end-of-life care. Outcomes were analyzed using clustered generalized linear and logistic regression models.

Results

The trial enrolled 562 patients (mean [SD] age, 68.5 [10.1] years; 288 male [51.2%]), of whom 433 (77.0%) had lung cancer. There were 130 of 296 patients (43.9%) randomized to the intervention group and 22 of 266 (8.3%) randomized to the control group who completed PC visits (adjusted odds ratio, 8.9 [95% CI, 5.5-14.6]; P < .001). Among 179 patients who died at the 24-week follow-up, 6 of 92 (6.5%) in the intervention group compared with 14 of 87 (16.1%) in the control group received systemic therapy within 14 days of death (adjusted odds ratio, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.1-0.7]; P = .05). There were no differences in quality of life, feeling heard and understood, or late hospice referral.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this randomized clinical trial of algorithm-based EHR defaults, the intervention increased PC consultations and decreased end-of-life systemic therapy. The intervention provides a scalable implementation strategy to increase specialty PC referrals in the community oncology setting.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05590962
Lifetime Socioeconomic Status, Cognitive Decline, and Brain Characteristics
Authors: Krueger Kristin R. , Desai Pankaja , Beck Todd , Barnes Lisa L. , Bond Jerenda , DeCarli Charles , Aggarwal Neelum T. , Evans Denis A. , Rajan Kumar B.
Published: February 2025

IMPORTANCE

Socioeconomic status (SES) has an important association with cognitive function and structural brain indices. Identifying the nature of this association will guide strategies for improving health equity.

OBJECTIVE

To test the longitudinal associations of SES with cognitive decline and brain characteristics and to examine whether these associations differ between Black and White individuals.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS

Participants aged 65 years old or older were recruited for this population-based cohort study from 4 communities on the south side of Chicago, Illinois. At-home interviews were conducted between 1993 and 2012. The data were analyzed in April 2024.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Outcome measures were level and change in global cognition and 4 individual tests. Three magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of the brain included total brain volume, hippocampal volumes, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Childhood SES was assessed using parental education levels, father’s occupation, and childhood finance rating. Adulthood SES was assessed using the participants’ education, occupation, and income. Lifetime SES was assessed on the basis of the mother’s education, childhood SES, and participants’ occupation and income.

RESULTS

Of the 7303 participants (mean [SD] age, 72.3 [6.3] years; 4573 female participants [63%]), 4581 (63%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 2722 (37%) were non-Hispanic White. SES was higher for White individuals compared with Black individuals in childhood, adulthood, and across the lifespan. Higher lifetime SES was associated with better global cognitive functioning at baseline (estimate, 0.337; 95% CI, 0.317 to 0.357; P < .001) but not with decline over time (estimate, 0.003; 95% CI, −0.001 to 0.006; P = .10). Higher lifetime SES was associated with a better baseline score on the Mini-Mental State Examination (estimate, 0.281; 95% CI, 0.261 to 0.302; P < .001) and a slower decline for all participants (estimate, 0.012; 95% CI, 0.008 to 0.016; P < .001). In a subset of 933 participants who underwent MRI, there was an association between lifetime SES and healthier brain structures, as measured by total brain volume (estimate, 3.18; 95% CI, 0.20 to 6.17; P = .04) and WMH burden (estimate, −0.11; 95% CI, −0.21 to −0.01; P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

In this cohort study, SES, mainly in adulthood, was associated with a person’s cognitive status and brain structure, resulting in a discrepancy in cognitive status over time. These findings point to a need for interventions that improve SES throughout the lifespan, particularly for Black individuals, who had lower SES than White individuals.
High‐Temperature Stress During Reproductive Stages: Impacts and Traits Associated with Seed Set
Authors: Kishanth Kanna Venkatesan , Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu , Jincy Mony , Ananthi Krishnan , Senthil Alagarswamy , Sathya Moorthy Pon , Iyanar Krishnamoorthy , Shafi Sadiah , Sofi Parvaze A.
Published: February 2025

High temperature (HT) stress negatively influences reproductive phases in field crops, and the effects are critical to understand in the present and future climate. This review focuses on research on grain crops (rice, wheat, sorghum, pearl millet, soybean and groundnut) with the goals of identifying (i) the sensitivity of reproductive stages during crop development under HT stress and (ii) the metabolic changes caused by HT on the reproductive tissue. Reproductive stages are the most sensitive stages in plants to stress, particularly flowering and gametogenesis, and which results in a reduction in seed numbers due to fertility loss, improper fertilization, and reduction in seed‐set percentage. Most of the field crops are sensitive to a temperature of >35 °C during the reproductive growth stages, and this threshold varies among the species and genotypes. Abortion of micro‐ and/or mega‐spores, premature tapetal cell degradation, loss of gamete viability, anther indehiscence, a lower pollen grain germination rate on the stigma, loss of pollen germination, stigma receptivity, pollen tube tip polarity, pollen tube growth signals, and embryo abortion are the physiological processes affected by HT stress. The major changes in the gametes lead to alteration in carbohydrate metabolism and transport, loss of viability, elevated reactive oxygen species production, increased membrane phospholipid saturation level and decreased phosphatidic acid level. Molecular and biochemical tools help to screen and identify the sources of tolerance. Developing crop tolerance to high‐temperature stress is possible through continued collaboration among biologists, breeders, and agronomists without affecting the crop grain yields.
The implications of the American Board of Radiology's decision to relinquish its specialty board designation on prospective authorized medical physicists (AMPs) and radiation safety officers (RSOs)
Authors: Tien Christopher J. , Simiele Samantha J. , Prisciandaro Joann I. , Zoberi Jacqueline E. , Huang Y. Jessica , Hinchcliffe William A. , Al‐Hallaq Hania A.
Published: February 2025

In order to independently supervise the medical use of byproduct material, physicists in the United States (US) must legally meet the qualifications defined by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in the 35th part of the tenth title of the Code of Federal Regulations (§ 10 CFR Part 35). The American Board of Radiology (ABR) relinquished its NRC‐recognized specialty board (NSB) status at the end of 2023, which eliminated the NSB application pathway for those who earn ABR certification in 2024 and beyond. While these changes in NSB status are not retroactive and will not affect eligibility for diplomates who already possess certificates, these changes will nonetheless have repercussions for those individuals who regularly provide training and experience (T&E) attestations to the NRC, such as residency program directors, brachytherapy rotation preceptors, or radiation safety officers. This article will focus on the repercussions for new authorized medical physicist and radiation safety officer applicants with ABR certificates to be conferred in 2024 and later.
Efficient Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Ambipolar Doped Organic Single Crystals of Bis‐Styrylbenzene Derivatives
Authors: Liu Ze‐Qing , Li Su‐Heng , Ye Gao‐Da , Du Yuhan , Feng Yu , Zhang Hu , Qu Lei , Wang Nai‐Qi , Hao He , Sun Lingjie , Yang Fangxu , Liu Yue‐Feng , Ding Ran , Liu Yu , Feng Jing
Published: February 2025

Ambipolar carrier transport in organic single crystals is essential to maximize exciton recombination and thus achieve high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, two bis‐styrylbenzene derivatives, 1,4‐bis(4‐methylstyryl)benzene (3PV‐Me) and 1,4‐bis(4‐trifluoromethylstyryl)benzene (3PV‐CF3), are introduced into the construction of ambipolar 3PV‐CF3 doped 3PV‐Me (3PV‐Me‐CF3) single crystals. The same molecular skeleton of these two molecules endow them with similar molecular shapes and sublimation temperatures. Doping with 3PV‐CF3 dopants is evaluated for their effect on the photophysical properties of host 3PV‐Me crystal. Systematic spectroscopic investigations and high‐resolution time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) depth profiling are further conducted to gain a deep insight into the doping details of 3PV‐Me‐CF3 single crystals. Furthermore, their ambipolar carrier transport behavior is evaluated by the space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC) method, exhibiting nearly equal hole and electron mobilities. These ambipolar 3PV‐Me‐CF3 single crystals are then utilized for the fabrication of single‐crystal OLEDs, which demonstrated an almost sixfold enhancement in the electroluminescence (EL) efficiency in comparison to the unipolar 3PV‐Me single‐crystal OLEDs. The findings reveal the great potential of well‐balanced ambipolar organic single‐crystalline semiconductors for the development of high‐performance single‐crystal optoelectronic devices.
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm managed using resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta with a two‐stage approach
Authors: Ishida Kenichiro , Matsumura Yosuke , Kitabayashi Kai , Ogawa Haruka , Tajiri Masashi , Ochi Koichi , Iehara Takashi , Nakagawa Masaya , Shirasaki Yukie , Nishi Hiroyuki , Ohnishi Mitsuo
Published: February 2025

Background

A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is fatal. While Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) contributes to hemodynamic stability, organ ischemia should be carefully considered.

Case Presentation

A 69‐year‐old obese man with untreated hypertension presented with sudden back pain and hypotension. Computed tomography confirmed the presence of an rAAA. REBOA was initially planned in Zone 1 via the left brachial artery but was eventually switched to Zone 3 via the right femoral artery. Hemodynamic stability was achieved through blood transfusion and partial REBOA, followed by surgical intervention. The postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Conclusion

Zone 1 REBOA via the left brachial approach provided safe aortic occlusion. Transitioning to Zone 3 REBOA, combined with meticulous organ perfusion management and blood transfusion, prevented ischemia–reperfusion complications.
Preparation of Peapod‐Like Nano‐Copolymers with Periodic Sequence via Polymerization‐Induced Morphology Differentiation and Fusion
Authors: Yin De-Peng , Zhao Xin-Yue , Cheng Jia-Min , Zhu Ren-Man , Liu Chao , Hong Chun-Yan
Published: February 2025

Inorganic nanoparticles have so far dominated the field of nanoparticle assembly, and assembly of pure organic nanoparticles (such as block copolymer nanoparticles) has rarely been examined in colloidal systems. Expanding the scope of nanoparticles is of great significance for the study of nanoparticle assembly. Herein, a paradigm for the copolymerization of organic nanoparticles into peapod‐like linear nanostructures with periodic sequence is introduced. Vesicles and porous spheres are generated in‐situ during polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) and can be viewed as nanoscale monomers (“nanomers”). The subsequent copolymerization of these nanomers is completed in one‐pot, which greatly simplifies the preparation of nanomers and peapod‐like nano‐copolymers. It is demonstrated that appropriate π–π stacking interactions are crucial to the formation of nanomers and their copolymerization progress. Notably, the research subjects in nano‐copolymers with periodic sequence have expanded to organic nanoparticles, which is beneficial to further expand the horizons of nanoparticle assembly. Moreover, the multiple separated compartments in the peapod‐like nano‐copolymers will open new directions toward development of artificial organelle and on‐demand catalysis in different compartments within the same nano‐object.
Heart Rate Variability as a Digital Biomarker in Adolescents and Young Adults Receiving Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Taylor Mallory R. , Bradford Miranda C. , Zhou Chuan , Fladeboe Kaitlyn M. , Wittig Jorie F. , Baker K. Scott , Yi‐Frazier Joyce P. , Rosenberg Abby R.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are at high risk for poor psychosocial outcomes. Heart rate variability (HRV), a surrogate for autonomic nervous system activity, is a promising digital biomarker that has been linked to important outcomes. The objectives of this study were to prospectively describe the trajectory of HRV among AYAs receiving HCT and explore the association between HRV and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs).

Methods

This was a multi‐site study embedded in a randomized trial among AYAs receiving HCT (NCT03640325). We collected sequential 24‐h HRV metrics, including the standard deviation of normal‐to‐normal beats (SDNN), root‐mean‐square of successive differences (RMSSD), as well as frequency domain measures. PRO surveys queried anxiety, depression, quality of life, hope, and resilience at baseline and 3 months. We summarized outcomes using descriptive statistics, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationship between HRV and PROs.

Results

Thirty‐nine HRV recordings were collected from n = 16 participants aged 12–21 years. There was a moderately strong correlation between inferior baseline HRV and higher anxiety and depression (anxiety: r = −0.35 (p = 0.18) for SDNN, r = −0.47 (p = 0.07) for RMSSD; depression: r = −0.26 (p = 0.34) for SDNN, r = −0.39 (p = 0.14) for RMSSD). Among participants with elevated baseline anxiety, higher HRV suggested greater improvement in anxiety over time (r = −0.66 (p = 0.08) for SDNN, r = −0.31 (p = 0.45) for RMSSD).

Conclusions

There was a correlation between HRV and PROs in this study, and among those with elevated anxiety, HRV predicted improvement over time. Digital biomarkers may augment behavioral intervention design and implementation.
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist, GW405833, Reduced the Impacts of MDA‐MB‐231 Breast Cancer Cells on Bone Cells
Authors: Inson Ingon , Chutoe Chartinun , Kanjanapipak Janjira , Lertsuwan Kornkamon
Published: February 2025

Aim

Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to bones. The interaction between breast cancer cells and bone cells results in osteolytic lesions by disrupting the balance between osteoblast‐mediated bone production and osteoclast‐mediated bone resorption. This study aims to investigate the effects of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) agonist, GW405833, on interactions between breast cancer cells and osteoblasts as well as its impact on breast cancer‐induced osteoclastogenesis.

Materials & Methods

MDA‐MB‐231, UMR‐106, RAW 264.7 cells were used to represent breast cancer cells, osteoblast‐like cells and macrophage‐osteoclast precursor cells, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and breast cancer cell invasion was assessed by Transwell invasion assay. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was utilized to evaluate osteoclastogenesis.

Results

Our results demonstrated that GW405833 disrupted MDA‐MB‐231‐induced UMR‐106 cell death and promoted UMR‐106 cell viability. The underlying mechanism of these effects was determined in this study. GW405833 reduced AKT phosphorylation in MDA‐MB‐231 cells without affecting mTOR protein expression or its phosphorylation. Conversely, in UMR‐106 cells, GW405833 induced AKT and mTOR phosphorylated protein. Furthermore, the mTOR inhibitor reversed the GW405833‐induced recovery of UMR‐106 cell viability under MDA‐MB‐231‐derived conditioned media (CM) exposure. These findings underscore the critical role of the AKT/mTOR pathway in mediating GW405833's inhibitory effects on cancer‐bone interactions. Additionally, GW405833 suppressed osteoblast‐enhanced breast cancer cell invasion and the expression of invasion‐related proteins in both cell types, along with reducing osteoclastogenic factors induced by MDA‐MB‐231 CM in UMR‐106 cells and suppressing MDA‐MB‐231 CM‐enhanced osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells.

Conclusion

This study highlights the therapeutic potential of cannabinoid receptor agonist for treating breast cancer bone metastasis and bone‐related complications.
Recent Advancements in CuAAC Click Approaches for the Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Hybrid Compounds as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Ragab Sherif Shaban
Published: February 2025

The field of chemical biology has been revolutionized by click chemistry due to its remarkable efficiency, selectivity, and gentle reaction conditions. Among the various click reactions, the copper(I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) has emerged as the most widely used technique. The formation of 1,2,3‐triazoles through copper(I)‐catalyzed reactions between azides and terminal acetylenes serves as an effective method for creating important medicinal frameworks. This process is highly reliable, completely specific, and utilizes biocompatible reagents. Click chemistry has emerged as a valuable approach for developing potential anticancer drug candidates. The present review highlights the recent advancements)2020‐2025) in the click chemistry approach (CuAAC) for the construction of biologically important triazole moieties and their hybrid compounds as anticancer agents.
Biomimetic Recognition of SARS‐CoV‐2 Receptor‐Binding Domain N‐Glycans by an Antiviral Synthetic Receptor.
Authors: Santambrogio Carlo , Toccafondi Mirco , Donnici Lorena , Pesce Elisa , De Francesco Raffaele , Grifantini Renata , Ponzini Erika , Milanesi Francesco , Fragai Marco , Nativi Cristina , Roelens Stefano , Grandori Rita , Francesconi Oscar
Published: February 2025

Recognition of glycans by simple synthetic receptors is a key issue in supramolecular chemistry, endowed with relevant implications in glycobiology and medicine. In this context, glycoproteins featuring N‐glycans represent an important biological target, because they are often exploited by enveloped viruses in adhesion and infection processes. However, a direct evidence for their recognition by a synthetic receptor targeting N‐glycans is still missing in the literature. Using a combination of glycoengineering and
mass spectrometry techniques, we present here the direct evidence of biomimetic recognition of complex‐type N‐glycans exposed on the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the wild‐type spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 by a biologically active, synthetic receptor.
Global myocardial work index predicts response to biventricular pacing in patients with non‐left bundle branch block
Authors: Kondo Shun , Inden Yasuya , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Miyamae Kiichi , Miyazawa Hiroyuki , Goto Takayuki , Tachi Masaya , Iwawaki Tomoya , Yamauchi Ryota , Hiramatsu Kei , Shimojo Masafumi , Tsuji Yukiomi , Murohara Toyoaki
Published: February 2025

Aims

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) and wide QRS complex. However, patients with non‐left bundle branch block (LBBB) show a poor response to CRT. This study evaluated myocardial work estimated by pressure–strain loops on echocardiography for predicting response to CRT in patients with non‐LBBB.

Methods and results

Of 267 patients who underwent CRT implantation, 54 patients with non‐LBBB (mean age, 62 ± 12 years, 72% males, and 24% with ischemic cardiomyopathy) were retrospectively included. Two‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography was performed before and at 6‐month follow‐up in all patients. Myocardial work was estimated by pressure–strain loop analysis using speckle‐tracking echocardiography and non‐invasive blood pressure measurement. CRT response was defined as a ≥15% decrease in left ventricular end‐systolic volume on echocardiography at the 6‐month follow‐up. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before implantation was 27% ± 8% in total. Six months after implantation, 18 patients (33%) responded to CRT. The absolute LVEF improvement for responders and non‐responders were 5.5% ± 6.9% and 1.3% ± 7.5%, respectively (P = 0.021). Baseline global work index (GWI), which is the average myocardial work based on the pressure–strain loop, was significantly higher in the responder group than in the non‐responder group (590 ± 271 vs. 409 ± 216 mmHg%; P = 0.010). Multivariable analysis showed GWI to be an independent predictor of CRT response (odds ratio, 1.109; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.013–1.213; P = 0.024). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined the cut‐off value of GWI for response as 456 mmHg% (AUC 0.700, 95% CI 0.553–0.840; P = 0.019). During the median 37‐month follow‐up, all‐cause death occurred in 21 patients (39%). On multivariable analysis, GWI ≤ 456 mmHg% was independently associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.882; 95% CI, 1.157–7.176; P = 0.023).

Conclusions

High GWI assessed by speckle‐tracking echocardiography and a non‐invasively estimated LV pressure curve was independently associated with a favourable response to CRT and improved outcomes in patients with non‐LBBB. The use of this non‐invasive approach for quantifying myocardial variability and residual contractility can be beneficial for assessing CRT candidates and allow for more accurate patient stratification. Further, large multicentre studies are required to validate these findings.
Exploration of 3D Coal Seam Geological Modeling Visualization and Gas Content Prediction Technology Based on Borehole Data
Authors: Zhao Xiangfeng , Hao Tianxuan , Feng Huiyan , Li Fan , Li Xu
Published: February 2025

The geological structure of coal mines and the precise prediction of coal seam gas content are key factors in creating the transparent working face, and they also represent an important aspect of intelligent coal mining. The traditional technology of coal seam geological construction and gas content prediction is not advanced. This paper presents a methodology for 3D implicit geological modeling and visualization using Gempy and PyVista libraries, as well as gas prediction and distribution based on the Scikit‐learn library, all of which are underpinned by machine learning techniques. Under this method, the geological modeling of coal seam was converted to the kriging interpolation algorithm based on machine learning of coal seam thickness data. The problem of coal seam gas content is converted into a regression prediction problem of coal seam characteristic values and gas content target values based on machine learning. The pykrige package under Python is used to interpolate the obtained coal seam thickness. Based on the linear regression prediction model, loss function and other prediction methods and algorithms, the accurate prediction of coal seam gas content based on borehole data is realized. Under the above various operations, a 3D geological model of the mine and the gas content distribution map of the coal seam are finally obtained. Compared to actual borehole data and gas geological maps, this method offers high precision and enhanced efficiency.
Infraslow Dynamic Patterns in Human Cortical Networks Track a Spectrum of External to Internal Attention
Authors: Watters Harrison , Davis Aleah , Fazili Abia , Daley Lauren , LaGrow T. J. , Schumacher Eric H. , Keilholz Shella
Published: February 2025

Early efforts to understand the human cerebral cortex focused on localization of function, assigning functional roles to specific brain regions. More recent evidence depicts the cortex as a dynamic system, organized into flexible networks with patterns of spatiotemporal activity corresponding to attentional demands. In functional MRI (fMRI), dynamic analysis of such spatiotemporal patterns is highly promising for providing non‐invasive biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases and neural disorders. However, there is no established neurotypical spectrum to interpret the burgeoning literature of dynamic functional connectivity from fMRI across attentional states. In the present study, we apply dynamic analysis of network‐scale spatiotemporal patterns in a range of fMRI datasets across numerous tasks including a left–right moving dot task, visual working memory tasks, congruence tasks, multiple resting state datasets, mindfulness meditators, and subjects watching TV. We find that cortical networks show shifts in dynamic functional connectivity across a spectrum that tracks the level of external to internal attention demanded by these tasks. Dynamics of networks often grouped into a single task positive network show divergent responses along this axis of attention, consistent with evidence that definitions of a single task positive network are misleading. Additionally, somatosensory and visual networks exhibit strong phase shifting along this spectrum of attention. Results were robust on a group and individual level, further establishing network dynamics as a potential individual biomarker. To our knowledge, this represents the first study of its kind to generate a spectrum of dynamic network relationships across such an axis of attention.
Exploring the Potential for Graphic Warning Labels to Reduce Intentions to Consume Energy Drinks
Authors: Zhu Xiaole , Miller Caroline , Roberts Rachel , Ettridge Kerry
Published: February 2025

Issue Addressed

Effective interventions to reduce energy drink (ED) consumption are needed. This study explored the effect of warning labels on intentions to reduce ED consumption, perceived label effectiveness and protection motivation theory (PMT) constructs.

Methods

Australian ED consumers aged 18 to 39 years (N = 343) participated in an experimental online survey, randomly assigned to view one of three ED warning label conditions (weight gain, cardiac effects, no label—control). Intentions to reduce ED consumption, perceived effectiveness of labels and selected PMT constructs were assessed.

Results

Participants reported moderate‐high awareness of the health effects of consumption (62.68%) and advisory statements on EDs (69.39%), including daily consumption limits (48.40%). EDs were consumed frequently, with 56.26% regular (at least weekly) consumers and most commonly for functional benefits (e.g., alertness). ED warning labels did not have a statistically significant effect on intentions to reduce consumption. The cardiac label performed better than the weight gain label in ‘grabbed attention’ (72.97% vs. 55.66%, p = 0.008), with non‐significant trends (p > 0.05, absolute differences ≥ 10%) suggesting it was stronger on some other perceived effectiveness measures. Supplementary analyses indicated females in the cardiac condition reported greater intentions to reduce ED consumption than females in the control condition (p = 0.042).

Conclusions

Graphic warning labels and labels warning of cardiac effects are worthy of further exploration as a potential intervention to reduce ED consumption.

So What?

Future research should explore the motivations underlying ED consumption and further explore messages that will resonate with consumers.
Emerging Irrigation and Drainage Technologies: A Bibliometric Review of the Journal Irrigation and Drainage From 2010 to 2024
Authors: Li Jiusheng , Wang Zhen
Published: February 2025

Irrigation and Drainage (IRD) is a prestigious peer‐reviewed journal with an international reputation and publishes technical papers on all scientific, engineering, environmental and socio‐economic issues associated with irrigation, drainage and flood management. During the past 15 years from 2010 to 2024, 1517 papers were published in the journal. We analysed all these articles using bibliometric techniques to examine the impact of the journal's publications, the most productive and influential authors, and their contributions to the field of irrigation, drainage and flood management. Co‐authorship among the top authors, co‐occurrences of the topics, cocitations of the journals, bibliographic coupling of the authors and affiliated institutes and countries were analysed by applying network analysis techniques via VOSviewer software. The advancements in research during the last 15 years are also critically highlighted to understand recent developments in the field of irrigation, drainage and flood management. Future directions are also proposed in this review and might provide guidance for future research on irrigation, drainage and flood management.