bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preface
Authors: Partsinevelos Panagiotis , Kyriakidis Phaedon , Kavouras Marinos
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In the midst of the current pandemic that challenges our world, scientific research should not keep back, but instead persist, inform, inspire and resolve. In particular, for Geographic Information Science, we cannot help but highlight the relevance of spatial analysis methods and related technologies dating back to Dr. John Snow’s work on identifying the source of cholera outbreak in the district of Soho in London in 1854. Across the centuries, common problems and new perspectives blend to model our changing planet, temporal trends, human behavior and data abundance.The theme of this special collection of research papers rests within the field of Geographic Information Science and Technology. These papers were submitted and accepted as full papers at Agile2020, the 23rd annual international conference of the Association for Geographic Information Laboratories in Europe, originally scheduled to take place in Chania, Greece, on the 16th – 19th June of 2020. However, the known COVID - 19 related conditions led the AGILE Council and the Scientific and Organizing committees, to cancel the Conference, placing above all the safety of the participants. This is the first year that the AGILE Conference proceedings will be published as Open Access online. This coincidence can only partly make up for the loss of personal interaction that the AGILE community enjoys at their annual meetings.AGILE seeks to ensure that new perspectives on research and education in Geographic Information Science are addressed to help shaping the future European research agenda in this field. Hence, these research papers cover a broad range of topics on smart cities, social sensing, commuting, activity patterns, wayfinding and natural language modeling, self-driving cars and tourist recommendation systems, natural disaster and crime patterns, spatiotemporal data processing including interpolation and convolutional neural networks implementations.For the first time in these Conference series, submissions were strongly encouraged to adhere to the AGILE Reproducible Paper Guidelines. In addition to the peer review, a reproducibility review by an independent expert committee took place as part of the Reproducible AGILE initiative (https://reproducible-agile.github.io/). If significant parts of a computational workflow could be reproduced, the paper was awarded the "AGILE Reproducible" badge. The badge links to a report which documents the completed steps and results of a specific reproduction.We would like to express our appreciation and gratitude to the whole AGILE community, authors and reviewers that contributed to the AGILE 2020 Conference, the Local Organizing and Reproducibility Committees and the AGILE Council that was always eager to support all the necessary steps to mitigate these challenging circumstances.
Selection of Stopover Stations by Homeward-bound Railway Users
Authors: Osaragi Toshihiro
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This study discusses the behavior of railway users who commute to work or school as they choose a station on the way home for eating or shopping. A quantitative grasp of the tendencies in this selection based on personal attributes and time points was obtained by creating models that accounted for the geographical relationships between individuals’ residences and their workplaces or schools, and for the environments surrounding stopover stations. It was found that the increased time required for a stopover, or the number of transfers between trains were points of resistance and that the fact that a station on the route home was a transfer station, and the extent of commercial space near that station, affected the attractiveness of that station. The results of a simulation applying the stopover station selection model, indicated that an increase in the commercial establishments near a station and the availability of interconnected railway companies affected the attractiveness of a stopover station.
What to do in the Meantime: A Service Coverage Analysis for Parked Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Illium Steffen , Friese Philipp Andreas , Müller Robert , Feld Sebastian
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Fully autonomously driving vehicles are expected to be a widely available technology in the near future. Privately owned cars, which remain parked for the majority of their lifetime, may therefore be capable of driving independently during their usual long parking periods (e.g. their owners working hours). Our analysis aims to focus on the potential of a privately owned shared car concept as transition period between the present usages of privately owned cars towards a transportation paradigm of privately owned shared autonomous vehicles. We propose two methods in the field of reachability analysis to evaluate the impact of such vehicles during parking periods. Our proposed methods are applied to a dataset of parking times of users of a telematics service provider in the Munich area (Germany). We show the impact of time and location dependent effects on the analyzed service coverage, such as business week rush hours or cover age divergence between urban and suburban regions.
Are Volunteers Competent in Positive Youth Development? Perceptions From Three Stakeholder Groups
Authors: Homan Dustin , Epley Hannah K. , Bloir Kirk L.
Published: July 2020

Some youth organizations entrust adult volunteers with delivering programs and forging relationships with youth clientele. As a result, volunteers should be competent in certain knowledge, skills, and abilities that catalyze positive youth development processes to occur. This research expands upon the results of an initial study designed to address shortcomings of a volunteer competency framework. Our objective for this study was to assess and compare the discrepancies between importance and ability-to-perform ratings of adult volunteers across 6 competency areas from the Volunteer Research Knowledge Competency Taxonomy. Over 10,000 youth professionals, adult volunteers, and families of youth members responded to an online survey. Respondents rated the importance of, and volunteers’ performance in the 6 competency areas; they also provided input about the modalities they preferred for delivering training and resources. Performance means varied across the 3 groups: Volunteers’ overall performance means were the highest, followed by families, and then professionals. Mean weighted discrepancy scores were calculated to compare the importance and performance rankings across respondent groups. Based on the scores, future volunteer trainings and resources should be prioritized around the competency areas of organization, positive youth development, program management, and communication. Volunteers also preferred more self-directed approaches for future trainings. Results from this study suggest that the volunteer competency taxonomy is still a valid framework and affirms other youth worker competency frameworks. The results also help establish a baseline of data that can be used to see if future training interventions and resources are perceived as effective.
Evaluating a Statewide 4-H Volunteer Structure for Protection and Ease
Authors: Morris Jamie , Ashby Lacie
Published: July 2020

Organizations that engage volunteers to enhance and extend programs in order to meet their mission and goals often have a process to onboard individuals to serve. These processes are typically designed to provide protection to the volunteer and the organization; however, they are only as strong as the policies and procedures set in place. This article overviews one state’s process to review and revise their 4-H program’s volunteer structure to improve the consistency and cohesion of its use and the protection for all involved.
“The Right Tools at the Right Time”: Improving Volunteer Education and Support
Authors: White Alison J. , Sero Rebecca , Scanga Lauren Hrncirik , Cummins Melissa M. , Lile Joy R. , Stott Natalie Kinion , Leach Jennifer
Published: July 2020

Success of the 4-H Youth Development (4-H) program relies heavily on the recruitment and retention of volunteers who implement 4-H programs. 4-H volunteers—in turn—rely on program professionals to continually improve the education and support systems they need to succeed. In this study, the researchers used a mixed-methods survey based on the 4-H Volunteer Research and Knowledge Competency (VRKC) taxonomy across the Washington State 4-H program to uncover (a) what education volunteers want for themselves and their county program, (b) what challenges they face in their role, and (c) what they need to succeed. The results of this study indicate that program professionals may improve volunteer education and support systems by focusing on 4 essential volunteer needs: (a) supportive teams, (b) engaged youth and families, (c) facilitation skills in experiential education and positive youth development, and (d) effective program administration, communication, and information systems. While this study focuses on 4-H, the results and implications may be relevant to other youth development programs that are charged with educating and supporting adult volunteers.
It’s About Time: Staff Support Contacts and Mentor Volunteer Experiences
Authors: Keller Thomas E. , Drew Alison L. , Clark-Shim Hyuny , Spencer Renée , Herrera Carla
Published: July 2020

Formal youth mentoring programs typically rely on volunteers to serve as mentors to young people, with training and guidance from agency staff. A fundamental program practice is to provide ongoing support and supervision to volunteer mentors by engaging in regular contact to monitor the progress of the mentoring relationship and offer guidance and encouragement. Using data from mentors (n = 504) in multiple mentoring programs (n = 55), the current study investigated how the amount of time devoted to these match support contacts was associated with mentor perceptions regarding the nature of their volunteer experience, specifically: the quality of supervision received, the mentoring agency’s organizational culture with respect to engaging volunteers, and satisfaction with their volunteer service experience. Mentors who had no staff support contacts gave the lowest ratings for quality of supervision, organizational culture, and service experience. Further, mentors who typically had the shortest support contacts (1 to 5 minutes) reported lower quality supervision, organizational culture, and service experience compared to mentors with longer support contacts. In most cases, the associations between staff support contact length and mentor-reported outcomes remained significant after controlling for the helpfulness of the support contacts and the frequency of using advice suggested during the contacts. These findings provide evidence that match support contacts are an important practice for youth mentoring programs and suggest that programs should encourage staff to spend time engaging in meaningful conversations beyond quick check-ins. Future research should examine how the content of support contacts influences volunteer mentoring experiences.
Volunteerism in Youth Development Programs: Editors' Note
Authors: Miller JoLynn C. , Trzesniewski Kali
Published: July 2020

Youth development programs are varied and diverse. Some rely on paid staff to deliver programming, but many rely on volunteers. While there is quite a bit of research on volunteers and volunteerism in general, there is little that goes in depth covering the nuances of volunteers in youth development organizations. The editors of this special issue introduce the articles, which cover themes of understanding the impacts of volunteers, volunteer competencies and skill development, support and motivation of volunteers, and evaluation of programs. In addition, a book review and a closing reflection are included. Finally, the editors close with their thoughts about exciting directions for the future of volunteer development research and practice.
Reseña de La máquina reaccionaria. La lucha declarada a los feminismos. Ávila Bravo-Villasante, María. Tirant Humanidades, Valencia, 2019. ISBN: 978-84-17973-08-7. 283 págs.
Authors: Palomo Cermeño Eva
Published: July 2020

Rese´ña del libro La máquina reaccionaria. La lucha declarada a los feminismos de  Ávila Bravo-Villasante, María. Tirant Humanidades, Valencia, 2019. ISBN: 978-84-17973-08-7. 283 págs. El libro recoge un análisis sistemático de las diferentes oposiciones históricas a las reivindicaciones de las mujeres, partiendo del feminismo radical de los años sesenta y setenta del siglo XX, hasta el momento actual. En especial se estudian los argumentos y estrategias de cada ola reaccionaria contra el feminismo. La autora es conocedora de la genealogía feminista y cuenta con las herramientas teóricas necesarias para desmontar estas argumentaciones con lucidez e ingenio
Seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among sickle cell anemia patients in Jos, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Jatau E D , Egesie O J , Damulak O D , Oyekemi A , Jasini J , N Okeke C , Ayuba Z , A Adeyemi O , A Akor E , Egesie U G
Published: July 2020

Aims: This study was aimed at determining the seroprevalence of some common transfusion transmissible viral infections in sickle cell anemia patients attending our adult hematology clinic for qualitative management.

Methods: A total of 111 sickle cell anemia patients attending the Hematology Outpatient Clinic (HOPC) of the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) in steady state were enrolled consecutively in this cross-sectional study irrespective of their blood transfusion status. Relevant demographic information and clinical histories were obtained using a structured questionnaire after obtaining informed consent from the subjects. Ethical approval was also obtained from the Institutions Human Research Ethics Committee. Blood sample was collected for complete blood count using a 3-part Sysmex hematology autoanalyzer, confirmatory hemoglobin electrophoresis and viral antigen/antibody screening using ELISA kits. Data was analyzed using Epi Info version 7.2.0.1 and Microsoft Office Excel version 2010.

Results: Majority of our subjects were within the age range of 18–30 years, 48 (43.2%) males and 63 (56.8%) females. Seventy-six (68.5%) had blood transfusion while 35 (31.5%) never had blood transfusion in their life. Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among the transfused sickle cell anemia patients in this study was 7.9% for HIV, 22.4% for HBV, and 15.8% for HCV while those not transfused had seroprevalence of 8.6% for HIV and 11.4% for both HBV and HCV, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between those transfused and those who have not had blood transfusion in their life.

Conclusion: Seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible viral infections was relatively high and blood transfusion did not significantly influence the rate of these viral infections in our sickle cell anemia patients. Improved blood screening techniques, provision of antiviral medications, and vaccines at affordable cost are advocated.
Dominio y concepciones sobre las fracciones de estudiantes para maestro de Educación Primaria: Un estudio comparativo entre España y Nicaragua
Authors: Williams Muller Elebe , Melo Lina , Caballero Carrasco Ana , Soto Ardilla Luis Manuel
Published: July 2020

Es de mucha pertinencia y relevancia investigar sobre los conocimientos que vienen adquiriendo los futuros profesores de educación primaria. Esto conlleva a la presente investigación que se centra en el dominio que tiene un grupo de estudiantes para maestro de Educación Primaria sobre el concepto de fracción en Nicaragua y España. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes para maestro de primaria en España tienen un dominio de la fracción como parte-todo, operador, decimal y razón, mostrando limitaciones en la fracción como medida y reparto. Con relación a los estudiantes para maestro de primaria de Nicaragua, mostraron dominio en la fracción como parte-todo, pero no así en las demás categorías de análisis. Además, los estudiantes para maestro mostraron limitaciones al explicar los procesos de solución de los ejercicios.
Estudio de la teoría de números aplicada a algunos métodos criptografícos haciendo uso de las TIC
Authors: Fontecha Moreno German Camilo , Vacca Díaz Erika Alejandra
Published: July 2020

Dentro de las ciencias, la criptografía es una rama de las matemáticas denominada Teoría de la Información, esta rama se divide en Teoría de Códigos y en Criptología; que a su vez se divide en Criptoanálisis y Criptografía, que trata de las leyes de la codificación de la información. Al tener fundamentos matemáticos, como la estadística, la Teoría de Números, la Teoría de la Complejidad Algorítmica y la Teoría de la Comunicación, es importante comprender de qué manera la matemática interviene en los procesos de encriptación y desencriptación de un mensaje realizando un estudio para visualizar el momento en que se aplican en un criptosistema. Al enfatizar el uso de programas computacionales, es posible integrar dos áreas que siempre han estado ligadas en los avances tecnológicos.  Encontrando así, que los fundamentos matemáticos ayudan a la eficiencia y seguridad de estos sistemas de seguridad, adicionando el programa Cryptool que favorece el desarrollo de la criptografía.
Utilization of Rice Husk ash and Bamboo Leaf for Increasing Si for Rice Production on Paddy Soil
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Suwarto Suwarto , Farohi Ima
Published: July 2020

Silicate is an important  nutrient element  for rice plants. Rice is a plant that absorbs Si in large quantities. The low Si content in paddy fields is caused by intensive rice cultivation practices. Ash husk rice and bamboo leaves are materials that have a high silicate content so that the addition of husk ash and bamboo leaves can  increase the availability of Si in nature. This research used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), the factor that was tested were Factor I (source of Si : S1, S2) and Factor II (Dosage: D0, D1, D2, D3, D4). The results showed there is significant difference on the available Si, Si uptakeorganic matter, total number tiller, weight of 1000 grains. The application of Rice ask hush dose 10 Mg ha-1 (S1D4) can increase available Si, Uptake Si, Organic Matter, total number tiller and weight of 1000 grains than the appliacation of bamboo leaf.
Lignite-based Organic Fertilizer Improves Soil Quality and Yield of Rice in Belitang South Sumatera
Authors: Syafrullah Syafrullah
Published: July 2020

To achieve food-self sufficiency in Indonesia, it is necessary to apply sustainable agriculture practices to improve soil quality. Most of paddy fields have been applied with chemical fertilizers intensively for more than 40 years without the addition of organic matter.  The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of lignite-based organic fertilizer application on the quality of paddy soil and yield of rice. The study was conducted in April until August 2014 in the irrigated rice fields in Belitang, Ogan Komering Ulu Timur District. The study was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design, with 9 treatment combinations and 3 replicates. The first factor was the types of fertilizers, consisting of recommended chemical fertilizers (250 kg urea ha-1 + 150 kg SP36 ha-1 + 50 kg KCl ha-1), organic fertilizer from plant residue at 5 Mg ha-1,  and lignite-based organic fertilizer (namely Baranik fertilizer) at 0.75 Mg ha-1.  The second factor was rice varieties, consisting of Mentik Wangi, Gogo Aromatik and Ciliwung. The application of Baranik fertilizer at 0.75 Mg ha-1 has improved the quality of paddy soil with the increase of organic-C content from 1.44% to 2.90%. Application of Baranik fertilizer at 0.75 Mg ha-1 has increased the vegetative components and the yield of rice about 7.17 Mg ha-1 compared to the organic fertilizer from plant residue, but the yield is still the same as that in the recomended dosages of chemical fertilizers.  Among the rice varieties, the yield of Ciliwung variety was higher than other varieties, i.e. 7.62 Mg ha-1.  The yield of Gogo Aromatik variety is significantly lower than that of Ciliwung variety.  Baranik organic fertilizer can be used to improve soil fertility for food security purpose.
Upland Rice Growth after Low-Input Amendments on Upland Soil in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Gafur Sutarman , Umran Ismahan
Published: July 2020

Upland soils in West Kalimantan used for agricultural activities reach about 483,077 hectares. However, this land potential is not yet optimally exploited due to poor soil fertility. To increase its productivity, there is a need to invent technology packages that are not only effective but also efficient. This research is designed to study the growth of upland rice and the changes in certain soil properties after low-input treatment applications. This research used a Completely Randomized Design. There were 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment levels were P0 (no treatment), P1 (7tons of cow manure/ha + 300 kg NPK compound), P2 (15tons of cow manure/ha + 300 kg NPK compound), P3 (7tons of compost/ha + 300 kg NPK compound), P4 (15tons of compost/ha + 300 kg NPK compound), and P5 (600 kg/ha NPK compound). Parameters included plant height and dry weight, NPK absorptions, soil pH, organic C content, and NPK contents after soil treatment. The results showed that upland rice responded well to low-input amendment treatments compared to that of grow-in soil with no input treatments. Both the treatments using 15 tons of cow manure and 15 tons of rice straw compost per hectare, each plus 300 kg of NPK, were suggested to be further research topics for treatments in upland soil of West Kalimantan.
Translanguaging in Primary Level ESL Classroom in India: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Lina
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a series of ESL classroom observations of a teacher in an Indian primary level government run school are presented to show concrete uses of translanguaging. Translanguaging practices were based on the inputs the teacher received from a training programme on using multilingual strategies to teach language and content. It is observed that the teacher applies translanguaging to clarify concepts using contrastive elaboration, instruct students, practice discourse based management, prepare students for classroom activities, and help them communicate. She also reflects upon her experience of translanguaging which shows her plans to use students’ L1 more systematically like by drawing lexical and form based comparisons between Telugu, Hindi (L1s) and English. Instances of use of translanguaging or fluid ways of communicating using two or three languages by this teacher and her experiences in using this approach help in validating the concept for advancing school skills in students from low SES groups who would have not otherwise been able to understand the lessons if taught in the strict monolingual mode.
Public Speaking in EFL Postgraduate Courses in Italy: A Case Study with Students of Political Science, University of Genoa
Authors: Pierini Francesco
Published: July 2020

The teaching of soft skills in EFL postgraduate courses is increasingly part of the Italian university curricula, albeit with some delay compared to foreign universities. Postgraduate English language courses need to focus on the use of language in foreseeable situations by creating opportunities to use the language in public contexts. Meetings, presentations, debates are the activities that young people will increasingly be called upon to engage in. Rather than solely on theoretical knowledge learned previously, these activities develop the practical use of language, in front of an audience, with a structured discourse and with some emphasis on the non-verbal elements of communication. Although these aspects may appear daunting to students, more often than not, they have been able to overcome their anxiety, not only in relation to the embarrassment of speaking a foreign language in public, but even to the mere act of speaking in public, which represents an obstacle in itself. In this study a case of Italian postgraduate students of Political Science was carried out and analysed.
The Development of Online Learning in Israeli Higher Education
Authors: Cohen Erez , Davidovitch Nitza
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic that swept through the world in 2020 and forced the various higher education institutions in Israel and around the world to promptly embrace the online teaching method, placed on the agenda the question of this method’s efficacy as well as deliberations regarding its future implications. The current study reviews the development of online teaching in Israel’s higher education and examines whether this development derives from an organized and well-formulated public policy with a view to the future or is the result of the constraints and various actors within the free market. In addition, the study presents a case study of an academic institution, examining the opinions of students with regard to the benefits and shortcomings of online teaching. The research findings indicate that the development of online teaching in Israel is the result of needs, constraints, and opportunities that emerged in the free market rather than a result of organized public policy by the Ministry of Education and the Council for Higher Education. Consequently, the study presents the various implications of these unregulated developments for the quality of teaching and for student satisfaction. The study illuminates a thorough discussion that should be conducted by movers of higher education and academic institutions concerning a new effective designation of the campuses following the COVID-19 crisis as well as the distinction between virtual and real-life dimensions of academic teaching.
La CES entre l’acte unique et le Traité de Maastricht (1985-1993): nécessités et limites d’une conversion transnationale
Authors: TILLY Pierre
Published: July 2020

When the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) in the late 1980s said yes to the internal market as the EU’s pivotal project, it was accepted in consideration with the Commission's promises to deliver a strong social dimension. For the ETUC, it meant an ambitious Social Policy Agenda, legislative initiatives in the social field as well as promotion of social dialogue. In this sense, a balanced approach between competition and social progress had to be on the core of the internal market strategy. A decade later, on the mid 1990s, promoting liberalisation had become the main trend with a lesser importance attached to the social dimension. A deep disappointment for the trade unions forces in Europe and a real failure for the ETUC in full internal change.
Variability in Synoptic Reporting of Colorectal Cancer pT4a Category and Lymphovascular Invasion
Authors: Naso Julia R. , Yang Hui-Min , Schaeffer David F.
Published: July 2020

Context.—

Serosal involvement (pT4a category) and lymphovascular invasion have prognostic significance in colorectal carcinoma, but are subject to interobserver variation in assessment.

Objectives.—

To provide the first large-scale assessment of interobserver variability in pT4a category and lymphovascular invasion reporting in real-world practice and to explore the impact of information from guidelines on variability in reporting these features.

Design.—

Analysis of 1555 consecutive synoptic reports of colorectal carcinoma was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Interobserver variability before and after the presentation of guideline information was assessed using an image-based survey.

Results.—

Significant differences in the odds of reporting pT4a versus pT3 category, detecting lymphovascular invasion of any type, and detecting large vessel invasion were identified among hospital sites and for individual pathologists compared with the median pathologist at the same site. Consistent with these results, interobserver agreement was only moderate in the image-based survey regarding T4a staging and lymphovascular invasion (all κ ≤ 0.57). The provision of information from guidelines did not tend to increase interobserver agreement in the survey, though responses in favor of using an elastic stain increased following recommendations for their use. However, when observers were provided with elastic-stained images, interobserver agreement remained only moderate (κ = 0.55).

Conclusions.—

Real-world reporting of pT4a category and lymphovascular invasion shows substantial variability at both local and regional levels. Our study underscores the need to address these features in quality initiatives, and provides a novel method through which existing synoptic data can be harnessed to monitor reporting patterns and provide individualized feedback.
Phase separation liquid-liquid extraction for the quantification of 8-iso-Prostaglandin F2 Alpha in human plasma by LC-MS/MS
Authors: Tomov Desislav , Bocheva Georgeta , Divarova Vidka , Kasabova Lilia , Svinarov Dobrin
Published: July 2020

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the body during normal metabolism by means of enzymes and non-enzymatic chemical reduction of molecular oxygen. In case of the prevalence of ROS formation over their elimination, highly reactive free radicals can be accumulated and can cause multiple damages to the biomolecules and cells. Determination of isoprostanes in biological matrices is most often used to register free radical damage and requires selective, sensitive and specific techniques. Methods: This study presents the development and validation of the LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 8-iso-Prostaglandin F2a in human plasma utilising a modified liquid-liquid extraction procedure with phase separation. Results: Modified sample preparation procedure assured higher extraction yield, clear separation of organic layer from the plasma water phase and protein precipitates, and better-purified product for instrumental analysis. Linearity was validated in the range 0.1-5.0 mg/L with R2 > 0.996; normalised matrix varied between 86.0% and 108.3%, accuracy ranged from 90.4 % to 113.9% and precision both within runs and between runs was less than 7%. With a run time of 10 min, a throughput of over 50 samples per working day could be performed. Conclusions: The method meets all the current industrial validation criteria and allows the accurate and precise determination of 8-iso-PGF2a in human plasma at diagnostically significant concentration range.
Neuropsiquiatría y daño cerebral
Authors: Legascue de Larrañaga Iván
Published: July 2020

In western countries, accidents remain the leading cause of death in young adults. Worldwide, road traffic injuries in particular are increasing in incidence and injuries are projected to be the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide by 2020. Vehicle crashes are the leading cause of traumatic brain injury, while falls are second. Brain injury accounts for up to half of all deaths from trauma and often causes severe and long-lasting functional impairment in survivors. This article reviews the neuropsychiatric disturbances associated with traumatic brain injury, describing various psychiatric sequelae.
Evaluación del discurso narrativo en pacientes con daño cerebral leve
Authors: Cachón Ana María
Published: July 2020

In clinical practice there are few test that language therapist can use for the oral speech evaluation. The battery that has been frecuently used for the aphasia assessment, doesn´t usually give us this type of data, and when it happens, it is just a global description of the language of the subject, which doesn't make possible a detailed pursuit of the evolution. The relevance of linguistic production´s assessment becomes more evident in the study of patients with mild injury as well as when patient is in an advanced recovery stage. An assessment without a speech analysis uses to overestimate the subject's capacities and usually ends in an incomplete and inadequate intervention. The aim of the present work was to review different studies that include the narrative speech as part of the assessment, and to explore, with the study of a single case, some applications in this kind of studies for language evaluation in mild brain injury patients.
En torno a la Justicia Constitucional en Latinoamérica y algunos desafíos temáticos por afrontar
Authors: Bazán Véctor
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo el autor apunta a destacar algunos retos temáticos que sobre la justicia constitucional latinoamericana se posan, y que desafían las posibilidades de robustecimiento de sus roles de defensora de la Constitución, último reducto tutelar de los derechos humanos en el ámbito interno y pieza importante de sostén de la institucionalidad democrática en su función de armonizadora de los poderes del Estado. Entre otros cuestiones, se aborda la problemática de la utilización de sentencias «atípicas» o «intermedias»; las posibilidades de sustentación del control respecto de las omisiones inconstitucionales; la conveniencia de instrumentar el control de constitucionalidad previo y obligatorio de los instrumentos internacionales o mantenerlo incólume en caso de que ya estuviera así implementado en el texto de la Ley Fundamental; la utilidad de abrir nuevas fórmulas de participación de la ciudadanía en los procesos constitucionales; la necesidad de fortalecer los mecanismos internos de exigibilidad y justiciabilidad de los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales; y la necesaria búsqueda de una pacífica y eficaz interacción de la jurisdicción constitucional interna con los tribunales internacionales para fortalecer la protección de los derechos fundamentales
El principio de igualdad : problemas e interrogantes : el sistema constitucional argentino
Authors: Cayuso Susana Graciela
Published: July 2020

Una de las cuestiones centrales en la vigencia del estado constitucional de derecho es la reformulación del análisis del concepto de igualdad. En tal sentido, la igualdad en términos constitucionales constituye una regla y un principio que se traduce en un derecho y en una garantía Por ello, los derechos fundamentales en general están íntimamente ligados ya no a la igualdad formal sino a la optimización del alcance de la igualdad sustantiva y fáctica. La igualdad en la ley y ante la ley. En el sistema constitucional argentino, a partir de la reforma de 1994, la igualdad sustantiva tiene reconocimiento expreso y se encuentra directamente enlazada con la noción de acciones positivas en su condición de carga estadual. A partir de tal concreción adquieren relevancia en la materia los estándares o pautas de control construidas para hacerla efectiva en los aspectos indicados; la revisión de los criterios de selección y ponderación en la creación de categorías y la aplicación del principio de razonabilidad para determinar el alcance de la igualdad jurídica y fáctica en el contexto del caso concreto
Sobre el estudio jurídicoconstitucional del medio ambiente
Authors: Terol Becerra Manuel José
Published: July 2020

Se advierte instalada en la conciencia social la idea de asistirse a un deterioro
efectivo de la Tierra ocasionado por el ser humano que mucho
parece tener de creencia o la ideología. De modo que si, según Kelsen,
el racionalismo trajo consigo un cambio en la forma de mirar el ser humano
a la naturaleza, por el cual el principio de retribución dio paso al
de causalidad, parece olvidar dicho autor que el romanticismo antirracionalista
pudo contribuir a prolongar la pervivencia del primero a
despecho del segundo.
Todo ello pone de manifiesto la enorme importancia que las sociedades
contemporáneas conceden al medio ambiente. Conviene subrayarlo
porque el Derecho se ha hecho eco de ello y son muchas las dificultades
que median para abordar su estudio desde una perspectiva
jurídica, dada la complejidad de conceptuar al medio ambiente. No
obstante, se defiende aquí que si la Constitución española de 1978 lo
contempla como una parcela del bienestar ciudadano, debe indagarse
no tanto respecto a los posibles elementos constitutivos del entorno
humano, cuanto sobre el ámbito de realidad concernido por esa parcela
de bienestar
Effects of particulate matter under behavioral, hematological and biochemical parameters in Wistar rats
Authors: Cristina-Siebel-de-Moraes Samanta , Moron Victória Branca , Belem-Machado Aline , Schmitt Paula , Montanari-Migliavacca-Osorio Daniela , Bolzan-Berlese Daiane
Published: July 2020

El Material Particulado (MP) puede alterar los procesos cognitivos, el comportamiento depresivo y hematológico en el modelo animal. El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos causados por MP en los parámetros conductuales, hematológicos y bioquímicos en un modelo animal. Se observaron alteraciones en la actividad locomotora de las ratas, donde hubo una disminución significativa en la locomoción del Grupo 3 (MP10) en comparación con los Grupo 1 (Control) y Grupo 2 (MP2,5). Con respecto al comportamiento de ansiedad, el Grupo 3 pasó significativamente más tiempo en brazos abiertos en comparación con el control y MP2,5. No se observaron cambios hematológicos y bioquímicos. En este estudio, se concluye que, la exposición a la MP puede causar daño neurológico y, en consecuencia, afectar a otros sistemas.

Particulate matter (PM) can alter the cognitive processes, the depressive behavior, and the hematological profile in animals. This study aimed to evaluate the effects on behavioral, hematological, and biochemical parameters caused by PM in an animal model. A significant decrease in the locomotion activity of Group 3 (PM10) in relation to Group 1 (Control) and Group 2 (PM2.5) was observed. Regarding the anxiety behavior, Group 3 remained significantly the most part of the time in the open arms when compared to the control and PM2.5 groups. No hematological or biochemical alterations were observed among groups. In this study, we concluded that the exposure to particulate matter can cause neurological damages, and consequently, affect other systems.
Nueva propuesta para la evaluación de la condición física en árbitros de fútbol
Authors: Albaladejo Garcia C. , Cejuela Anta R.
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo era aplicar dos baterías de evaluación de la condición física en árbitros de fútbol no profesionales, en un intento de determinar cuál puede ser más específica para este colectivo. Los árbitros (n=10) fueron evaluados en tres momentos de la temporada (T1, T2, T3), realizando la batería actualmente utilizada por la Federación de Fútbol de la Comunidad Valenciana (FFCV) (RSA: 6x40m/90”; Resistencia: carrera de 2000m) y otra de nueva propuesta (RSA: 7x30m/25”; Resistencia: Test Interválico para la Valoración de la Resistencia Específica en Fútbol, TIVRE-F). La Velocidad Aeróbica Máxima (VAM) de los árbitros aumentó significativamente en el TIVRE-F entre T1 y T3. El test 7x30/25” registró mayores índices de fatiga que 6x40/90” en T2 y T3. Con este trabajo se han obtenido nuevos datos sobre las pruebas que la FFCV utiliza en sus árbitros, concluyendo que la propuesta podría ajustarse en mayor medida a las necesidades de evaluación.

The aim of this study was the application of two batteries of tests in non-professional soccer referees, trying to determine which of them could be more specific for referees. The participants (n=10) were evaluated in three moments of the season (T1, T2, T3), performing the current battery used by the Football Federation of the Valencian Community (FFCV) (RSA: 6x40m/90"; Endurance: 2000m run) and another new proposal battery (RSA: 7x30m/25"; Endurance: Interval Test for Specific Endurance in Football, TIVRE-F). The results showed that the MAV of the referees significantly increased in the TIVRE-F between T1 and T3. The 7x30/25” test reported higher sprint decrement than 6x40/90” in T2 and T3. From this study we have obtained new data about the current FFCV tests, and we can conclude that the new battery of tests could adjust in a better way to the evaluation necessities.
DIFFICULTÉS ÉTHIQUES DE L’INTERVENTION AUPRÈS DES VICTIMES DE VIOLENCE CONJUGALE : ENJEUX LIÉS AU SIGNALEMENT DES ENFANTS EXPOSÉS À LA VIOLENCE CONJUGALE
Authors: Lalande Célyne , Gauthier Sonia , Bouthillier Marie-Ève , Montminy Lyse
Published: July 2020

Depuis l’intégration à laLoi sur la protection de la jeunesse(LPJ) de l’exposition des enfants à la violence conjugale comme motif recevable de compromission, les intervenants québécois ont l’obligation de signaler cette situation de mauvais traitement psychologique au Directeur de la protection de la jeunesse. Bien que cette mesure soit instaurée depuis plus d’une décennie, peu de données sont disponibles quant à ses conséquences sur les intervenantes1qui oeuvrent dans le domaine de la violence conjugale. Une étude réalisée auprès d’intervenantes psychosociales pratiquant auprès de femmes qui ne quittent pas ou retournent auprès d’un conjoint auteur de violence a permis de constater que ces professionnelles sont confrontées à des difficultés éthiques lorsque surgit la possibilité du signalement des situations d’exposition à la violence conjugale des enfants de ces femmes. Nous sommes amenées à conclure que l’application de la LPJ en regard de l’exposition des enfants à la violence conjugale ne se fait pas sans heurt. Afin de mieux soutenir les intervenantes, il est proposé de mettre en place des activités de concertation, de la formation et des outils d’évaluation du risque et de la gravité de ces situations.
« ON VOUS TOLÈRE, MAIS ON NE VOUS ACCEPTE PAS » : LUTTES POUR LA RECONNAISSANCE DES JEUNES TRANS DANS UN CONTEXTE CISNORMATIF
Authors: Pullen Sansfaçon Annie , Baril Alexandre , Lee Edward O.J. , Vigneau Marie-Édith , Manning Kimberley Ens , Faddoul Maxime
Published: July 2020

De plus en plus, on note un intérêt grandissant pour les jeunes trans mais la plupart des articles publiés visent à décrire leurs expériences en mettant souvent l’accent sur des aspects psychologiques, individuels et relationnels. Encore rares sont les articles qui se penchent sur le contexte social et sur la capacité et la motivation des jeunes à affecter le changement social. Cet article explore la vie sociale des jeunes trans et la manière dont celle-ci a des implications profondes et concrètes dans la vie quotidienne de ces jeunes. L’article présente également les processus de résistance de ces jeunes et comment les dénis de reconnaissance contribuent à produire des changements sociaux dans un contexte transphobe et cisnormatif. La discussion met en lumière l’apport de l’éthique de la reconnaissance pour mieux comprendre les dynamiques de mobilisation et de résistance, ainsi que certaines pistes d’intervention pour le travail social.
Who’s Afraid of the Lucky MOOSE? Canada’s Dangerous Self-Defence Innovation
Authors: Weisbord Noah
Published: July 2020

With little public discussion, the Canadian law of self-defence has become, in important respects, more permissive than Florida’s Stand Your Ground law. This article provides original historical research into the origins of the Canadian law of self-defence that reveals the evolution of its current conceptual features. It compares these features with the features of the Florida law and warns that in climates of fear, despite Canadian safeguards, Canada’s law is vulnerable to biased or unprincipled application. The Gerald Stanley case in Battleford Saskatchewan serves as a warning. The author argues that Stanley’s successful accident defence in the homicide of Colten Boushie was, in fact, predicated on dangerous notions of defence of property and defence of person that prioritize the protection of property, liberty, and honour over human life.
L’action publique jeunesse au Québec : des configurations locales aux usages des services par les jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité
Authors: Dumollard Marie , Weiss Benjamin , Goyette Martin
Published: July 2020

Cet article s’intéresse à l’action publique jeunesse dans sa dimension locale et aux usages qu’en font les jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité dans leur parcours au moment de leur transition vers la vie adulte. À partir d’une étude de cas multiple sur quatre territoires québécois, il analyse la manière dont ces derniers se structurent en matière d’action publique jeunesse dans des systèmes locaux d’action publique particuliers, aux prises avec des enjeux contextuels qui viennent complexifier le travail partenarial des acteurs jeunesse. Face à ces configurations locales particulières qui donnent lieu à une offre de services inégale sur les quatre territoires, les résultats révèlent trois manières bien différentes chez les jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité de mobiliser les ressources locales à leur disposition dans leur parcours. Ce faisant, cet article contribue finalement à la réflexion sur la dimension territoriale des parcours juvéniles.
L'évolution des espaces d’activité lors de la transition vers l’âge adulte (Montréal, Canada)
Authors: Dubreuil Anaïs , Vallée Julie , Shareck Martine , Frohlich Katherine L.
Published: July 2020

Lors de la transition vers l’âge adulte, les parcours scolaires, professionnels, familiaux et conjugaux se conforment de moins en moins à un modèle commun. Cette non-linéarité des parcours de vie est largement étudiée dans les travaux récents mobilisant le concept de life course, mais elle n’est guère mise en relation avec les pratiques spatiales et l’évolution des espaces d’activité. À partir d’un corpus de données mixtes issues de la cohorte ISIS (Interdisciplinary Study of Inequalities in Smoking), cet article examine les évolutions des pratiques spatiales quotidiennes de 1359 jeunes adultes montréalais en relation avec leurs parcours scolaire, professionnel, familial et conjugal. En 2011, les lieux d’activités des participants (alors âgés de 18 à 25 ans) étaient en moyenne éloignés de 5,6 km de leur domicile. Quatre ans plus tard, cette distance a sensiblement diminué (-1,1 km). Ce resserrement autour du domicile ne varie guère selon l’âge des personnes interrogées. En revanche, il est bien plus marqué pour les jeunes adultes qui ont connu des changements typiques comme l’arrêt des études, l’entrée dans la vie professionnelle, le départ du foyer parental ou l’installation en couple. À l’heure où le passage à l’âge adulte est de moins en moins « chrono-logique », les parcours scolaires, professionnels, familiaux et conjugaux se révèlent être des clefs d’explication pour comprendre les évolutions des pratiques spatiales lors de la transition vers l’âge adulte.
The amino acid sequences of homologous hydroxyproline‐containing myotoxins from the marine snal Conus geographus venom
Authors: Sato Showbu , Nakamura Hideshi , Ohizumi Yasushi , Kobayashi Jun'ichi , Hirata Yoshimasa
Published: July 2002

These peptides inhibit the contractile response of directly stimulated mouse diaphragm.
Subunit equivalence in Escherichia coli and bovine heart mitochondrial F1F0 ATPases
Authors: Walker John E. , Runswick Michael J. , Saraste Matti
Published: July 2002

F1‐ATPases from bovine mitochondria and Escherichia coli both contain 5 subunits named α, β, γ, δ and ε. Sequence analysis shows that the δ subunits are not related, nor are the ε subunits. The counterpart of mitochondrial δ is bacterial ε. The subunit equivalent to bacterial δ is mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein.
Study of thermal stability of cytochrome P450 by differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Anzenbacher Pavel , Hudeček Jiří , Stružinský Rudolf
Published: July 2002

Thermal denaturation of cytochrome P450 is shown to be a complex process which occurs in two steps. The first (about 50°C) takes place in several stages which can be attributed to denaturation of different regions in the cytochrome P450 with different stability. The second transition (about 90°C) is fully reversible and similar to those described for other hemoproteins.