bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing patient engagement in cancer research: a focus on patient‐centric approaches to scientific discovery
Authors: Cepeda Estela , Reguero Marina , Abón Vanesa , Puyol Marta
Published: February 2025

Patient engagement in healthcare and research empowers patients to actively participate in decision‐making, treatment planning, and research design, fostering better treatment outcomes and relevance. However, barriers, such as power imbalances, structural limitations, a lack of awareness, and socioeconomic disparities, often hinder meaningful involvement, particularly for marginalized groups. Overcoming these challenges requires inclusive frameworks and infrastructures to promote collaboration among patients, researchers, and other stakeholders. Initiatives like the Patient Engagement Open Forum or World Cancer Research Day underscore the importance of patient‐centered approaches. By fostering trust, transparency, and shared decision‐making, a more inclusive and impactful healthcare and research ecosystem can be achieved.
Implementation of the Marrakech Framework for Action in the Context of the Sustainable Development Goals: UNESCO and Global Cooperation Frameworks
Authors: Hinzen Heribert , Medel‐Anonuevo Carolyn , Németh Balázs
Published: February 2025

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) was established in 1945, shortly after World War I. Peace was a key concern. As part of the human right to education, adults and their education and learning needs have received greater attention and recognition through a number of international conferences and recommendations. UNESCO has also initiated global reports on the development of education, looking through the lens of lifelong learning as a new paradigm. This perspective could also be applied when the Sustainable Development Goals were agreed upon by the United Nations. The article follows some important milestones during those 80 years, especially with a more detailed view of the UNESCO Global Network on Learning Cities.
Mechanical Metamaterials for Bioengineering: In Vitro, Wearable, and Implantable Applications
Authors: Kazim Madihah , Pal Aniket , Goswami Debkalpa
Published: February 2025

Mechanical metamaterials represent a promising class of materials characterized by unconventional mechanical properties derived from their engineered architectures. In the realm of bioengineering, these materials offer unique opportunities for applications spanning in vitro models, wearable devices, and implantable biomedical technologies. This review discusses recent advancements and applications of mechanical metamaterials in bioengineering contexts. Mechanical metamaterials, tailored to mimic specific mechanical properties of biological tissues, enhance the fidelity and relevance of in vitro models for disease modeling and therapy testing. Integration of these materials into wearable devices enables the creation of comfortable and adaptive interfaces with the human body. Utilization of mechanical metamaterials in implantable devices promotes tissue regeneration, supports biomechanical functions, and minimizes host immune responses. Key design strategies and material selection criteria critical for optimizing the performance and biocompatibility of these metamaterials are elucidated. Representative case studies demonstrating recent applications in benchtop phantoms and scaffolds (in vitro platforms); footwear, architectured fabrics, and epidermal sensors (wearables); and implantable cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and orthopedic devices, and multifunctional patches are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future directions in the field are discussed, emphasizing the potential for mechanical metamaterials to transform bioengineering research by enabling novel functionalities and improving outcomes across diverse use cases.
Upcycling Titanium‐Based Bulk Metallic Glass Scrap Feedstock Through Compositional Steering
Authors: Hofmann Douglas C. , Costa Miguel de Brito , Bordeenithikasem Punnathat , Buziak Melanie A. , Freeman Thomas , Botros Anthony
Published: February 2025

Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are an emerging commercial material with applications in consumer electronics, fasteners, watches, and precision gears, among other uses. Mass‐production of hardware using BMGs requires the production of feedstock material using conventional foundry techniques, normally comprising rods, thin sheets, and powder. Due to the unique amorphous nature and highly designed compositions of BMGs, recycling and upcycling waste products are challenging because the properties of BMGs are highly dependent on their chemical composition and impurity content. In this work, an off‐composition, scrap titanium‐based BMG feedstock material is upcycled into usable material through the novel use of a correction ingot to steer the composition into either a better glass‐forming alloy or an alloy that exhibits improved mechanical performance. In one example, the feedstock, initially with exceptionally poor mechanical properties and low glass‐forming‐ability, can be compositionally steered into a 3.5 mm thick BMG by mixing it with as little as 25% by mass of a designed alloy.
Biomimetic Individual and Group Behaviors of Bubble‐Thrusted Tubular Micro Sonobots: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Phenomena
Authors: Wei Ying , Lu Xiaolong , Chen Yuliang , Zhang Shuting , Zhao Bincheng , Cao Long , Liu Wenjuan
Published: February 2025

To overcome the propulsion difficulties in low Reynolds number environment, natural species have developed their exclusive swimming strategies after 1000 years of evolution. Inspired by those fascinating creatures, diverse artificial microrobots are proposed to achieve distinctive biomimetic motions. However, the lack of cognition for the propulsion mechanism hinders the exploration of the multimode biomimicking for the microrobots, especially at high‐speed locomotion. Herein, biomimetic behaviors of the micro sonobot featured with multiple‐layer tubular constructions and trapped microbubbles serving as powerful microengines are reported. The observed speed achieves tens of millimeters per second. Different from previously reported bubble‐loaded microrobots, it is observed that primary Bjerknes forces originating from the nonhomogeneous acoustic field make a great contribution to orientation. Along with the streaming propulsion and secondary Bjerknes forces, distinctive biomimetic behaviors including individual locomotion and group aggregation are emerged and theoretically analyzed. The multimode biomimetic motion of micro sonobots offers marvelous potentials in building multifunctional micro/nanosystems for nanosurgery, lab‐on‐a‐chip biosystems, chemical and biological engineering, environmental detoxification, etc.
Inhibitory Microenvironment Remodeling Enhances STING Activation for Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Fang Wenming , Chen Lizhu , Hu Ping , Shi Jianlin
Published: February 2025

The immunomodulatory effect of the interferon gene‐stimulating factor (STING) pathway makes it an important target for tumor immunotherapy, which, however, suffers from the easy degradation and deteriorated stimulatory capacity of current STING agonists in the solid tumor microenvironment. Herein, a nanocomposite medicine， MLAP， is constructed by intercalating STING agonist ADU‐S100 into Mn‐doped layered double hydroxide, which is capable of modulating the immune microenvironment of solid tumors to enhance STING activation. Importantly, the intercalation in the interlayer structure enhances the intracellular permeability of STING agonists, meanwhile, the activation of the STING pathway by ADU‐S100 is amplified by the sensitizing effect of Mn2+. In addition, the moderate alkalinity of MLAP neutralizes the acidity of the tumor microenvironment and catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, rectifying the acidic and hypoxia immunosuppressive microenvironment and thus strengthening the immune activation efficacy of STING agonists. This work provides an excellent carrier for STING agonists, which not only improves the bioavailability of STING agonists but also remodels the immune microenvironment for boosted solid tumor immunotherapy.
A Safe, Stable, Simple, Serviceable, and Self‐Powered Wound Dressing With Continuous Low‐Voltage Direct Current Electrical Stimulation: an Efficient Approach to Accelerate Wound Healing
Authors: Shi Chenxi , Wang Huan , Wang Xiaojing , Li Kefeng , Liu Pengbi , Wang Lihuan , Yu Hui
Published: February 2025

Electrical stimulation (ES) dressings have garnered considerable attention owing to their profound impact on chronic wound care, while the existing ES dressings necessitate external power supply or intricate structures, posing potential safety risks and usage inconveniences. Herein, a safe, stable, simple, serviceable, and self‐powered (5S) ES dressing composed of an electrospinning asymmetric nanofiber membrane with screen‐printed electrodes and a polyurethane foam is developed. The asymmetric nanofiber membrane acts as the power due to its electrical double‐layer effect during the unidirectional exudate transfer, and the polyurethane foam with excellent water absorption and retention properties effectively manages the exudate. This 5S dressing generates a sustained low‐voltage direct current ES in situ at the wound site and creates a favorable microenvironment for wound re‐epithelization. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that this 5S dressing can significantly promote wound healing. Compared with the control group (on the 7th day), the collagen deposition of the 5S dressing treated group increased by 15.9%, the capillary density increased by 90.6%, and the epidermal thickness increased by 228.3%, resulting in a 23.6% enhancement in the wound healing rate. Consequently, the 5S wound dressing presents a highly sophisticated and effective therapeutic approach for accelerating wound healing.
From MXene to Multimodal‐Responsive Smart, Durable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Textiles
Authors: Wei Meng , Wu Na , Li Bin , Liu Jishang , Pan Fei , Liu Jiurong , Zeng Zhihui
Published: February 2025

Achieving wearable, multifunctional e‐textiles with high mechanical properties, exceptional environmental durability, and intelligent, responsive capabilities remains a significant challenge. Here, novel high‐strength, environmentally adaptable, and intelligent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fibers/e‐textiles composed of polyvinyl alcohol‐assisted multiple crosslinking MXene nanosheets are prepared through a facile, scalable wet spinning approach. The synergistic effect of hydrogen, ionic, and covalent bonds significantly enhances the mechanical properties, hydrophobicity, waterproof capability, and oxidation resistance of MXene‐embedded fibers/textiles, contributing to the reliability and durability of wearable textiles even in harsh environments. Moreover, through the high‐efficiency utilization of PVA and MXene, the textiles can achieve dynamic, wide‐ranging control of EMI SE with multimodal response involving orientation, humidity, and light/electric stimuli. The novel type of textiles acting as intelligent, smart EMI shielding “On/Off” or “High/Low” switches are demonstrated. Combined with the multifunctionalities of thermal therapy, deicing, and antibacterial implemented, the high‐strength, environmentally adaptive, and multimodal‐responsive MXene‐embedded smart EMI shielding e‐textiles show great promise for advancing the development of next‐generation, wearable, smart electronics.
Multimodal Antibacterial E‐Skin Patch Driven by Oxidative Stress for Real‐Time Wound‐Status Monitoring and Integrated Treatment of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Liu Wanling , Ye Juncheng , Wang Yanlang , Xu Xiaobo , Gao Yujie , Liu Kangyu , Gao Jiefeng , Lin Yihong , Cui Lei , Wu Qiaoyi , Yang Huanghao , Zhang Jin
Published: February 2025

Healing of chronic wounds becomes a global health issue due to increasing incidence and associated burdens, and therefore promoting tissue‐remodeling and monitoring wound‐status visually are of particular significance. Herein, an electronic‐skin patch (TENG‐gel) composed by polydimethylsiloxane/polytetrafluoroethylene film, eutectic gallium–indium (E‐GaIn), and quaternary chitosan/polyacrylamide/sodium alginate@molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheet (HQPS@MoS2) composite hydrogel is assembled layer‐by‐layer. First, the TENG‐gel realizes multimodal antibacterial by integrating peroxidase‐like activity, photothermal therapy, and nano‐knife effect, which eliminates both Gram‐positive/negative bacteria with killing ratio of above 95%. Besides, electrical stimulation generated from the TENG‐gel promotes migration of fibroblasts after an incubation of 48 h by activating signaling pathways, and meanwhile accelerates vascularization by secreting different growth factors of CD31, VEGF, and TGF‐β. Through providing an ideal microenvironment for tissue repair, the TENG‐gel achieves 1.6‐fold new hair follicles and 2.4‐fold collagen deposition compared with those of the control group. More interestingly, dual temperature‐/strain‐sensing performance enables the TENG‐gel with capability of monitoring wound status or reminding external danger signals in real‐time dependent on variational electrical signals. Overall, unique advantages of such smart electronic‐skin patch provide a personalized medicine strategy for realizing tissue reconstruction and monitoring synchronously.
Realising Bio‐Synapse Analogous Paired‐Pulse Facilitation (PPF) and Release Inactivation (RI) and Emulating "Tip of the Tongue" Experience Through Conductance and Retention Dynamics in Ag Nano‐Labyrinth‐Based Neuromorphic Device
Authors: Pal Mousona , Vidhyadhiraja N Sudhindra , Kulkarni Giridhar U.
Published: February 2025

In bio‐neural networks, pairing of consecutive action potentials based on the time interval in between, known as paired‐pulse facilitation (PPF), is crucial in enhancing synaptic strength and duration. However, at lower time intervals, release inactivation (RI) may set in diminishing the effect of pairing of potentials. While the neuromorphic version of PPF is extensively studied in the literature, aspects related to RI are largely ignored. This study presents a novel two‐terminal resistive device utilizing a dewetting‐engineered Ag labyrinth structure, designed to emulate the PPF and RI observed in biological synapses. The pulse pairing effect is observed not only based on conductance (G) but also its retention time (tr), with PPF(G) reaching a maximum of ≈2.65 and PPF(tr) ≈12.6. Furthermore, a unique second‐order PPF effect is observed when a time interval larger than the first retention is employed; in instances where the retention ended right before the second pulse within a very small interval, pairing effects can still be seen, akin to the “tip of the tongue” experience in humans. Utilizing such inherent volatility of the device is particularly significant for dynamical neural network‐based reservoir computing (RC).
Metastable Calcium Phosphate Cluster‐Involved Mineralization Process Regulated by a Dual Biomolecule System Toward the Application in Dentinal Tubules Occlusion
Authors: Xu Xiaochen , Luo Nan , Ru Jing , Zeng Hua , Liu Xiaohao , Tan Shuo , Chen Feng , Lu Bing‐Qiang , Chen Xi
Published: February 2025

Dentin hypersensitivity caused by the exposure of dentinal tubules is affecting a significant portion of the population. With promising prospects, the biomimetic mineralization materials used in treating dentin hypersensitivity are expected to possess a metastable characteristic, for which they can easily penetrate the tubules and the surrounding tissues, but then occlude them via a transformation of size and phase immediately. Herein, this study develops a metastable calcium phosphate cluster (MCPC)‐involved mineralization process, which is regulated by dual biological macromolecules: bovine serum albumin (BSA) and poly‐L‐lysine (PLL). BSA functions to stabilize the primary calcium phosphate clusters; PLL further tunes the cluster's evolution (toward larger and crystalline particles) into a metastable fashion, and meanwhile inhibits the local bacteria. Upon treatments, the system generates amorphous MCPC with ultrasmall size (1–2 nm); then they enter the deep dentinal tubules, subsequently aggregate and crystalline into immobile larger particles, which finally seal the exposed dentinal tubules. The effective occlusion of dentinal tubules as well as significant antibacterial performance are confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. This study has devised not only a regulatory approach for the evolution of mineralization‐active clusters but also established an efficient method for managing dentin hypersensitivity.
Mechanosensitive and pH‐Gated Butterfly‐Shaped Artificial Ion Channel for High‐Selective K+ Transport and Cancer Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Wu Yaqi , Xu Qiangqiang , Chen Yaoxuan , Li Cong , Wu Yanliang , Yu Xiaoxuan , Li Hui , Xu Zhengwei , Xu Jiayun , Ni Zhigang , Ge Yan , Yan Tengfei , Qi Zhenhui , Liu Junqiu
Published: February 2025

To advance the exploration of mechanisms underlying natural multi‐gated ion channels, a novel butterfly‐shaped biomimetic K+ channel GnC7 (n = 3, 4) is developed with dual mechanical and pH responsiveness, exhibiting unprecedented K+/Na+ selectivity (G3C7: 34.4; G4C7: 41.3). These channels constructed from poly(propylene imine) dendrimer and benzo‐21‐crown‐7‐ethers achieve high K+ transport activity (EC50: 0.72 µm for G3C7; 0.9 µm for G4C7) due to their arc‐like mechanical rotation. The dynamic mode relies on butterfly‐shaped topology derived from the highly symmetrical core and multiple intramolecular hydrogen bonds. GnC7 can sense mechanical stimulus applied to liposomes/cells and then adapt the K+ transport rate accordingly. Furthermore, reversible ON/OFF switching of K+ transport is realized through the pH‐controllable host‐guest complexation. G4C7‐induced ultrafast cellular K+ efflux (70% within only 9 min) efficiently triggers mitochondrial‐dependent apoptosis of cancer cells by provoking endoplasmic reticulum stress accompanied by drastic Ca2+ sparks. This work embodies a multi‐dimensional regulation of channel functions; it will provide insights into the dynamic behaviors of biological analogs and promote the innovative design of artificial ion channels and therapeutic agents.
Recent Advances in Narrow Emission Bandwidth Materials for Application in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kang Jihoon , Shin Dong Jin , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: February 2025

The preparation of narrow emission bandwidth materials is crucial for the development of advanced organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this review article, state‐of‐the‐art methodologies used for the preparation of narrow bandwidth emitters with high color purity are summarized, and favorable design strategies are rationally organized. Currently used OLEDs have some issues, such as device stabilization that must be resolved, and color purity should also be considered. Given the recent exponential growth in the number and types of narrowband emissive organic emitters and organometallic complexes exhibiting multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence and metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer characteristics, there is an urgent need to establish key technology descriptors for OLEDs with high color purity. In this review, recent developments in boron, fused indolocarbazole, carbonyl, phosphine oxide, and organometallic complexes that exhibit narrow emission spectra are described, and future directions to advance the performance of such devices are suggested.
Overcoming Physical Limitations Utilizing the Surrounding Environment with a Wire‐Driven Multipurpose Robot
Authors: Inoue Shintaro , Kawaharazuka Kento , Suzuki Temma , Yuzaki Sota , Okada Kei , Inaba Masayuki
Published: February 2025

The movements of robots are inherently constrained by their physical structure, making it challenging for them to respond flexibly to the complex tasks required in disaster situations or while assisting in daily life activities. Modular and transformable robots have been developed to address these challenges. However, no robot has been able to freely manipulate its operational wrench space while retaining scalability when operated with a powerful output wrench in a large workspace. This study proposes a concept for overcoming the constraints of the physical structure and accomplishing diverse tasks using the wire‐driven robot CubiX. CubiX connects itself to the environment using wires via drones and can move freely by winding these wires. Furthermore, CubiX can extend its capabilities by integrating with tools such as vacuum cleaners, tables, and other robots. For example, when CubiX is integrated with a quadruped robot, it not only gains walking capabilities but also creates additional value using the robot legs as arms for object manipulation while aerially navigating through a space using wire‐driven movements. This study demonstrates that the robot can exhibit capabilities beyond its structure by skillfully utilizing the environment.
Cyclic Alternating Pattern Dynamics in Individuals at Risk for Developing Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Dagay Andrew , Katzav Shlomit , Wasserman Danielle , Gnoni Valentina , Mirelman Anat , Tauman Riva
Published: February 2025

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in cyclic alternating patterns (CAP) metrics, a non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep physiological rhythm, among recently diagnosed patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and individuals at high and low risk for developing PD based on genetic and prodromal risk.

Methods

In this cross‐sectional exploratory study, participants underwent clinical, cognitive, and motor evaluation to compute risk based on the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) prodromal criteria and a standard overnight polysomnography. CAP rate, CAP index, A index subtypes, number of CAP sequences, and CAP sequence duration were computed from the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal.

Results

The study included 30 patients with early PD (mean age = 62.80 ± 7.69, disease duration = 1.10 ± 1.09), 26 participants at risk for PD (age = 64.88 ± 10.09), and 36 participants with low risk for PD (age = 56.83 ± 7.41). Despite comparable macrosleep architecture, most CAP measures were significantly lower in patients with PD compared with the low‐risk group, whereas the at‐risk group showed transitional values between PD and the low‐risk group. The A2 index was significantly lower in both the at‐risk and PD groups from the low‐risk group (at risk = 7.59 ± 4.59; PD = 7.71 ± 5.83; and low risk = 12.85 ± 8.63; p = 0.010). Lower CAP rate and lower CAP index were associated with greater disease severity (r = −0.23 and − 0.24, respectively).

Interpretation

Patients with early clinical PD exhibit alterations in CAP dynamics despite having comparable macrosleep architecture. Alterations of the NREM microsleep structure may occur early in the neurodegenerative process and the A2 index may be an early event in the evolution of the disease with the potential to serve as an early marker for disease progression. ANN NEUROL 2025
Chemocatalytic Cell Tagging Platform for Recording Cell‐Cell Interactions via Engineered Palladium Based Artificial Metalloenzymes
Authors: Gao Zhiguo , Qin Ke , He Wei , Liang Yi , Yu Jiaying , Wang Zhimei , Li Xuejing , Chen Jian , Cai Zhuoer , Hu Jinzhong , Liu Huayu , Wang Dandan , Li Yaojia , Sun Bai Wang
Published: February 2025

Proximity labeling platforms (PLPs) have become a powerful tool for studying spatial cell‐cell interactions (CCIs) in living organisms. However, their effectiveness often relies on membranal catalytic modules of bait cells, such as natural enzymes or small‐molecule photocatalysts, which are typically constrained by complex genetic modifications or the limited applicability of visible light. Here, we present a novel chemocatalytic approach, ArM‐Tag, which utilizes an engineered artificial metalloenzyme (ArM) for cell surface‐localized tagging. The ArM‐Tag system combines a palladium (Pd) cofactor, a lipid anchor, and a streptavidin (SAV) scaffold to catalyze the O‐deallylation reaction on the surface of target cells, generating short‐lived electrophilic intermediates that label neighboring cells within a micrometer‐scale range. By integrating Biotin‐SAV technology with directed evolution, we engineered a series of biotinylated Pd complexes and optimized the ArM for efficient catalysis. We demonstrate the power of this approach by applying the ArM‐Tag system to selectively record antigen‐specific CCIs, specifically showing how CAR‐T cells interact with tumor cells through the mesothelin/anti‐mesothelin axis. This versatile, non‐genetic system provides a powerful tool for probing CCIs and offers exciting prospects for advancing immunotherapy, particularly in targeted cancer treatments and immune cell‐based therapies.
Tandem Switch‐Triggered On‐Demand Synthesis of Aromatic Amines in High Yields
Authors: Chen Zhou , Sang Keng , Ye Lei , Zhang Jian , Wang Xinyue , Chen Wenyao , Qian Gang , Zhang Jing , Liu Jichang , Zhou Xinggui , He Jing , Chen De , Yuan Weikang , Duan Xuezhi
Published: February 2025

Tandem catalysis stands as a beacon of chemical sustainability. Although bifunctional catalysts have achieved wide success in two‐step tandem reactions, achieving multi‐step catalysis with three or more distinct and potentially incompatible catalytic sites and components remains an ambitious challenge. Here, we present a "tandem switch" strategy that transforms these incompatibilities into functional advantages, enabling on‐demand production of primary, secondary, and tertiary aromatic amines, all with yields exceeding 96%. A kinetic switch, enabled by phosphotungstic acid functionalization of the Ni−Ni(Al)O heterojunction catalyst, modulates the Ni−Ni and Ni−O boundary microenvironment to simultaneously accelerate the rate‐determining steps in nitrobenzene hydrogenation, N‐alkylation, and aza‐Michael addition. Meanwhile, a thermodynamic switch, controlled by the competitive adsorption of ethanol, hydrogen, and acrylonitrile, stepwise minimizes Gibbs free energy to ensure a seamless reaction cascade. Hence, by toggling these tandem switches on or off, we achieve selective regulation of nitrobenzene conversion pathways into the production of targeted aromatic amine. Techno‐economic analysis shows the developed process significantly reduces material and energy consumption for sustainable amine production.
Tandem Assembly and Etching Chemistry towards Mesoporous Conductive Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Sodium Storage over 50,000 Cycles
Authors: Chen Jiahao , Li Gaoyang , Bu Fanxing , Tian Jiazhuang , Liu Lin , Wang Yifeng , Zhang Jie , Li Xingjin , Li Xiang , Yang Zhuo , Chao Dongliang , Zhao Dongyuan
Published: February 2025

Despite two‐dimensional (2D) conductive metal‐organic frameworks (cMOFs) being attractive due to their intrinsic electrical conductivity and redox activity for energy applications, alleviating the constrained mass transfer within long‐range micropore channels remains a significant challenge. Herein, we present a tandem assembly and etching chemistry, to incorporate perpendicularly aligned mesopores into the micropores of cMOF, via a bi‐functional modulator. Synchrotron spectral and morphological analyses demonstrate that the elaborate ammonia modulator first coordinates with Zn2+ forming defects during the initial self‐assembly of cMOF oligomers, which then initiates mesoporous cMOFs via in‐situ etching. In‐situ spectroscopy and theoretical simulations further reveal that such a unique perpendicular mesoporous structure shorts the micropore channels by two orders of magnitude and relaxes the inherent ion stacking within micropores, leading to five times faster Na+ transportation and a remarkable rate capability at 250 C and sodium storage lifespan over 50,000 cycles. Our protocol opens up a new avenue for introducing mesopores into microporous cMOFs for advanced energy applications and beyond.
Dehydrogenative Dual Ammonia Activation and Transfer by an N‐Heterocyclic Boryloxy Aluminyl Compound
Authors: SARKAR DEBOTRA , Vasko Petra , Ying Lu , Struijs Job J. C. , Griffin Liam P , Aldridge Simon
Published: February 2025

The reactivity of an N‐heterocyclic boryloxy (NHBO) ligated aluminyl compound has been harnessed for main‐group‐mediated dehydrogenative dual activation of ammonia. The Al(I) system K[{(HCDippN)2BO}2Al] reacts with excess NH3 to give the Al(III) bis(amide) K[{(HCDippN)2BO}2Al(NH2)2] and in the process generates H2. The initial stage of the reaction proceeds via formal N–H oxidative addition at Al(I) (via a coordination/proton shuttling sequence) to give an aluminium(III) primary amido hydride. Subsequent protonolysis of the strongly hydridic Al–H bond selectively yields the corresponding aluminium bis(amide) and H2. This step occurs without competing protolytic ligand loss – exploiting the limited basicity of the supporting [(boryl)O]− donors. In terms of amide transfer reactivity, the utility of K[{(HCDippN)2BO}2Al(NH2)2] in delivering one or both equivalents of [NH2]− to electrophilic substrates (HBpin, CO₂ and Ph₂CO) has been demonstrated.
A Multifunctional Molecular Modulated Strategy Featuring Novel Li+ Transport Centers and Li2O‐Rich SEI Layer for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wu Shufen , Zhang Nian , Du Jintao , Tao Feifan , Ma Wenjun , Yin Xinyuan , Wang Yibo , Zhang Hui , Yu Pengfei , Feng Xuefei , Liu Xiaosong
Published: February 2025

The poor ionic conductivity and interfacial instability severely limit the application of polyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based polymer electrolytes. In this work, we introduce a multifunctional molecular modulated strategy using coumarin, which simultaneously boosts the ionic conductivity and interfacial stability of PEO‐coumarin (PLC) membrane. Unlike conventional additives that diminish PEO’s crystallinity, coumarin, with its higher Li+ adsorption energy and stronger dipole moments, acts as a novel ‘carrier’ for Li+ without compromising the mechanical properties of the PEO matrix. Its synergistic effect with PEO creates a more efficient Li+ transport pathway to achieve a high ionic conductivity of 1.1 mS cm‐1 at 60°C. Simultaneously, coumarin as a sacrificial agent by utilizing its carbonyl group, preferentially reacts with lithium metal to prevent the decomposition of PEO and lithium salts. Furthermore, coumarin acts as an in‐situ Li2O‐inducer, facilitating the formation of a dense Li2O‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer with faster ion diffusion kinetics at the interface. The beneficial effect of the multifunctional molecular engineering design enables the Li|PLC|Li symmetric cell to cycle over 5000 h and allows the Li|PLC|LiFePO4 battery to deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 161.9 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention ratio of 93% after 550 cycles at 0.5 C.
‘Aiming for Integration’—Acculturation Strategies Among Refugee Youth in Sweden: A Qualitative Study Using a Resilience Framework
Authors: Giles Clover Jack , Västhagen Maja , Enebrink Pia , Ghaderi Ata , Oppedal Brit , Khan Sammyh
Published: February 2025

In 2022, one in 20 minors in Sweden had a refugee background. As most refugees do not return to their countries of origin, understanding successful resettlement should be prioritised. Acculturation and psychological resilience are useful concepts, as both acknowledge the interplay between individual and contextual factors in sociocultural adjustment. However, less is known about the role of resilience in the selection and maintenance of acculturation strategies, especially among refugee youth. This qualitative interview study aimed to investigate how acculturation strategies may be shaped by risks and resources using a socioecological resilience framework. The narratives of 22 refugee youth in Sweden were explored using reflexive thematic analysis. Deductive coding, informed by an established socioecological model of immigrant youth adaptation, examined the interplay between individual acculturation motivations and contextual factors. The analysis resulted in six themes: (1) war, peace, and opportunities (global forces); (2) (dis)orientation and comparisons (socio‐political context); (3) aiming for integration (individual/motivation to acculturate); (4) learning to belong (microsystem—school); (5) inclusion and exclusion (microsystem—friends); (6) support, conflict, and accord (microsystem—family). The analysis highlights how resilience resources may enable maintenance, while frustration and discrimination can pose a risk to the maintenance of a preferred integration strategy.
Broad‐spectrum therapeutic potentials of the multifaceted triterpene lupeol and its derivatives
Authors: Parvez Anwar , Rahman Md. Anisur , Rahman Md. Mahfuzur , Shimki Afia Ibnath , Ahmmed Shakil , Supti Fatema Akter , Hasan Md. Hasibul , Bristi Mst. Sonia Akter , Ansari Siddique Akber , Islam Muhammad Torequl
Published: February 2025

Lupeol (LUP), a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene, is found in various fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants and is evident to possess diverse pharmacological activities. This study aimed to consolidate its findings based on updated database reports. Findings suggest that LUP and some of its derivatives have promising biological roles, including anticancer effects. Notably, LUP induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells while sparing normal cells, highlighting its selective cytotoxicity. By modifying pathways such as NF‐κB and PI3K/Akt, LUP demonstrates anticancer activity, reducing LDL oxidation by 34.4% and causing cancer cells to undergo apoptosis while leaving healthy cells unaffected. Moreover, it has strong antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties; thus, it may act against conditions like arthritis, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases. It has broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities and can be used as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. LUP and its nanoformulations (PEGylated liposomes) improved biopharmaceutical profiles in test systems. It also showed neuroprotective effects, particularly against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Taken together, LUP has multi‐target therapeutic approaches against various diseases and pathological conditions, advocating for its inclusion in future clinical trials.
Phytochemical Analysis, Cytotoxic Evaluation, and In Silico Screening of Metabolites from Dysoxylum malabaricum Bedd.
Authors: Bhardwaj Nivedita , Tripathi Nancy , Trivedi Rimjhim , Kumar Dinesh , Ravikanth Gudasalamani , Jain Shreyans Kumar
Published: February 2025

Dysoxylum malabaricum is well‐known as a folklore herb. It is extensively utilized in traditional medicine to address various ailments. The study investigated the phytochemicals of D.malabaricum, focusing on its fruit, which was found to contain various terpenoids. Through extensive spectral analysis, 6 triterpenoids and 1 limonoid were identified and reported for the first time. The cytotoxicity of the compound was evaluated through in‐vitro and in‐silico studies followed by MD simulations. Extracts were prepared and chromatographic techniques were applied to isolate compounds from the extract, which underwent phytochemical screening via LC‐HRMS. Functional groups were assessed using NMR confirming the presence of bioactive compounds. HR‐LCMS analysis identified 7 phytoconstituents, with binectarilactone and dihydrobinectarilactone being potential bioactive characterized. Our findings confirm known molecules, highlighting the potential of binectarilactone and dihydrobinectarilactone as significant cytotoxic agents having IC50 of 29 µM and 14 µM, respectively, against MCF‐7 cell lines. The molecular docking and dynamic simulation analysis showed the anti‐cancer properties of the compound with EGFR enzymes. Binectarilactone and Dihydrobinectarilactone displayed the highest binding energy for all the proteins viz EGFR, FGFR, HER‐2, and IGFR‐1 overexpressed on MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231, Hs578t, ZR‐75‐30, BT549 cell lines. Both showed conformational stability of protein‐ligand complex with EGFR, FGFR and HER‐2.
OXIDATIVE ADDITION‐REDUCTIVE ELIMINATION SUPPORTED BY A LIGAND‐ELEMENT COOPERATION AT THE ARSINIDENE AND STIBINIDENE CENTER
Authors: Kremlacek Vit , Kertesz Erik , Erben Milan , Ruzicka Ales , Jambor Roman , Benko Zoltan , Dostál Libor
Published: February 2025

The treatment of pnictinidenes [2‐(RNHCH2)‐6‐(RN=CH)C6H3]E (1As/Sb) (where E = As or Sb) with benzoyl peroxide provided compounds [2‐(DippNCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]E(O2CPh) (2As/Sb) as a result of two step procedure, i.e. oxidation of the pnictogen centre followed by the elimination of benzoic acid. The reaction between 1As and diphenyl disulfide proceeded in the same vein yielding thiophenol and [2‐(DippNCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]As(SPh) (3As). Analogous reaction of 1Sb furnished a mixture of [2‐(DippNHCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]Sb(SPh)2 (3´Sb), [2‐(DippNCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]Sb(SPh) (3Sb) and PhSH, while NMR studies proved the existence of a dynamic equilibrium between all three compounds in solution and removal of incipient PhSH was necessary for the isolation of 3Sb. Both 1As/Sb smoothly reacted with 2‐nitrosotoluene leading to [2‐(DippNCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]E(O‐NH‐2‐Me‐Ph) 4As/Sb and with 4‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione giving [2‐(DippNCH2)‐6‐(DippN=CH)C6H3]E[(N(CO)‐NH(CO))N‐Ph] 5As/Sb. All compounds were characterized by IR, Raman, NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structures, except for 3As and 5Sb, were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, we scrutinized the thermally induced reductive elimination of benzoic acid and thiophenol from 2‐3As/Sb, respectively, and that of 4‐phenylurazole from 5As. These eliminations involve C‐H activation at the CH2N group, and the recovery of the pnictinidene center in [2,6‐(RN=CH)2C6H3]E (6As/Sb). Using DFT calculations a plausible mechanism was suggested for all investigated reactions, which are in good agreement with the experimental observations.
Computation‐Guided Regulation of Thiophene‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution†
Authors: Luo Xiao , Chen Yuxiang , Lin Jia‐Tong , Luo Jie , Xia Ri‐Qin , Yin Na , Lin Yang‐Min , Duan Haiyan , Ren Shi‐Bin , Gao Qiang , Ning Guo‐Hong , Li Dan
Published: February 2025

Comprehensive Summary

Compared to the conventional trial‐and‐error approach, computational prediction is becoming an increasingly prominent approach in the discovery of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with specific applications, yet it has been rarely demonstrated. Herein, we employed density functional theory (DFT) to pre‐screen the electronic and optical properties of thiophene‐based donor‐acceptor (D‐A) pairs simplified from their corresponding COF structures. Theoretical calculation illustrates the BMTB‐BTTC with the highest number of thiophene units is expected to exhibit the best photocatalytic performance for hydrogen production. According to calculation prediction, four COFs have been prepared and their photocatalytic activities have been experimentally validated. Interestingly, the corresponding BMTB‐BTTC‐COF shows the highest photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 12.37 mmol·g–1·h–1 among the four COFs. Combining the calculation and experimental results, it has been proven that the photocatalytic activity can be fine‐tuned by modulating the number of thiophene units. Our study provides a new strategy for the rational design and regulation of D‐A COFs to enhance photocatalytic activity through computational prediction.
SLIC‐SABRE at Microtesla Fields Enables High Levels of Nuclear Spin Polarization Without Magnetic Shielding
Authors: Kozinenko Vitaly P. , Kiryutin Alexey S. , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V.
Published: February 2025

Employing nuclear spin hyperpolarization to enhance NMR sensitivity opens new horizons for metabolic studies and chemical reaction monitoring. Among the hyperpolarization techniques, Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is prominent for its ability to transfer spin order from parahydrogen to target nuclei, especially 13C and 15N, without the chemical modification of the substrate under study. Despite its power, existing implementations of SABRE require expensive equipment like radiofrequency (RF) hardware and magnetic shielding. This paper demonstrates the SLIC‐SABRE (Spin Lock Induced Crossing SABRE) method at low magnetic fields as a low‐cost and efficient technique for achieving high 15N polarization using a simple setup, consisting only of a small set of magnetic coils driven by a desktop PC sound card. The method yields from 5 up to 17 % polarization across various SABRE‐active molecules, outperforming the conventional SABRE‐SHEATH (SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei) approach and significantly enhancing the accessibility of hyperpolarization techniques.
A Comprehensive Review of the Research Progress on the Low‐Temperature Performance of LiFePO4 Batteries
Authors: Tang Rui , Dong Jinyang , Wang Chengzhi , Yin Aining , Lu Yun , Li Ning , Shen Wenjun , Zhang Jinhua , Yan Kang , Zhao Guangjin , Li Bowen , Wang Xi , Xu Yuelei , Wu Feng , Su Yuefeng , Chen Lai
Published: February 2025

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) serves as a commonly used cathode material in lithium‐ion batteries and is an essential power source for consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Nevertheless, significant degradation in its electrochemical performance occurs at low temperatures, leading to energy and power losses, challenges in charging, a reduced lifespan, and heightened safety concerns—critical factors for LiFePO4 applications. This review outlines recent progress aimed at enhancing the low‐temperature performance of LiFePO4 batteries, concentrating on the mechanisms involved in various modification strategies. The primary factors contributing to the reduced performance of LiFePO4 at subzero temperatures are first examined. A variety of strategies designed to improve the interfacial and internal electrochemical reaction kinetics of LiFePO4 cathodes under cold conditions are emphasized, and feasible approaches to improve low‐temperature kinetics are also presented. These include optimizing cell design to enhance inherent reactivity and employing heating techniques to raise external reaction temperatures. In conclusion, this review discusses the challenges and limitations associated with LiFePO4 batteries in low‐temperature settings and examines advancements in low‐temperature lithium‐ion batteries from the cell to the system level. The insights provided are intended to motivate further developments in lithium‐ion batteries and other technologies tailored for subzero applications.
Oxygen saturation imaging elucidates tumor heterogeneity in gastric cancer
Authors: Minamide Tatsunori , Minakata Nobuhisa , Yamashita Riu , Sakashita Shingo , Yoda Yusuke , Ohashi Akihiro , Aoshima Masato , Kobayashi Susumu , Yano Tomonori
Published: February 2025

Oxygen saturation imaging is a new technology that determines biological features from the perspective of oxygen concentration. Therefore, this exploratory study aimed to evaluate the biological implications of oxygen saturation imaging and further assess tumor heterogeneity in gastric cancer. Biopsy samples were selectively obtained from treatment‐naïve patients with gastric cancer under real‐time oxygen saturation imaging. Tissue oxygen saturation level calculations, immunohistochemistry, and RNA sequencing were performed. The mean tissue oxygen saturation levels at the sampling sites were 32.2%, 70.8%, and 56.2% for hypoxic, hyperoxic, and non‐tumor areas, respectively, with significant differences between each pair. CD‐31 and glucose transporter 1 protein expression were significantly upregulated in hypoxic tumors. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis revealed enriched biological processes related to the regulation of insulin‐like growth factor transport and uptake by insulin‐like growth factor‐binding proteins in hypoxic tumors and the type I interferon signaling pathway in hyperoxic tumors. Oxygen saturation imaging has the potential to clarify hypoxia‐induced heterogeneity in gastric cancer from both clinical and fundamental perspectives.
A case of recurrent gastric volvulus successfully treated with nasogastric tube‐assisted endoscopic reduction and percutaneous endoscopy‐assisted gastropexy
Authors: Katoh Ryuji , Katoh Eriko , Tatsuki Hironori , Saito Fumiyoshi , Motegi Masahiko , Osawa Kiyotaka , Saeki Hiroshi
Published: February 2025

We report the case of a 97‐year‐old male with recurrent gastric volvulus who was successfully treated with nasogastric tube‐assisted endoscopic reduction followed by percutaneous endoscopy‐assisted gastropexy with gastric wall fixation. The nasogastric tube facilitates endoscopic reduction by enhancing the procedure's efficiency. In contrast, percutaneous endoscopy‐assisted gastropexy provides an effective, minimally invasive method to prevent the recurrence of gastric volvulus, even in patients with poor overall health. This case highlights the clinical utility of these combined approaches in managing gastric volvulus in elderly patients with significant comorbidities.
Identification of Hexahydrocannabiphorol Metabolites in Human Urine
Authors: Schirmer Willi , Schürch Stefan , Weinmann Wolfgang
Published: February 2025

Hexahydrocannabiphorol (HHCP) is an emerging semisynthetic cannabinoid, which has been known since 1942 from research of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) analogs and homologs. After the ban of hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) in many European Countries HHCP emerged as a replacement among other similar compounds. First countries already placed HHCP under their narcotic substance law. The aim of this research was to identify human Phase I and II metabolites in urine after oral HHCP consumption. Enzymatic immunoassays of urine samples were tested negative for cannabinoids after a single oral consumption of 4‐mg HHCP from a Δ9‐THC abstinent volunteer. The HHCP sample consumed in the self‐experiment was purchased from an online store and analyzed beforehand using GC–MS. LC–HR‐MS/MS and GC–MS after derivatization were used for the identification of metabolites. Hydroxylated metabolites were found with hydroxylation on the side chain or on the alicyclic part of the molecule. Bishydroxylated HHCP metabolites were found in similar abundance as the monohydroxy metabolites. All of the bishydroxylated metabolites besides a minor metabolite had a hydroxyl group on the side chain and another hydroxyl group on the alicyclic part of the molecule. In addition, the corresponding glucuronides were identified by LC–HR‐MS/MS. The exact positions and stereochemistry of the hydroxylation sites could not be determined. Due to the extensive metabolism of HHCP and the lacking cross‐reactivity of urine samples after consumption in Δ9‐THC specific immunoassays, it is recommended to include HHCP metabolites in routine screening methods. Monohydroxylated and bishydroxylated metabolites of HHCP and their respective glucuronides are suggested as forensic targets.