bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of survival, nonrelapse mortality, and failure-free survival in patients treated for chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Palmer Jeanne , Chai Xiaoyu , Pidala Joseph , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Martin Paul J. , Storer Barry , Pusic Iskra , Flowers Mary E. D. , Arora Mukta , Pavletic Steven Z. , Lee Stephanie J.
Published: November 2015

Key Points

Survival of chronic GVHD patients was predicted by clinician-assessed response and changes in patient-reported outcomes. FFS was predicted by clinician-assessed response, changes in patient-reported outcomes, and the 2014 NIH response criteria.
Body size, swimming speed, or thermal sensitivity? Predator-imposed selection on amphibian larvae
Authors: Gvoždík Lumír , Smolinský Radovan
Published: November 2015

Background

Many animals rely on their escape performance during predator encounters. Because of its dependence on body size and temperature, escape velocity is fully characterized by three measures, absolute value, size-corrected value, and its response to temperature (thermal sensitivity). The primary target of the selection imposed by predators is poorly understood. We examined predator (dragonfly larva)-imposed selection on prey (newt larvae) body size and characteristics of escape velocity using replicated and controlled predation experiments under seminatural conditions. Specifically, because these species experience a wide range of temperatures throughout their larval phases, we predict that larvae achieving high swimming velocities across temperatures will have a selective advantage over more thermally sensitive individuals.

Results

Nonzero selection differentials indicated that predators selected for prey body size and both absolute and size-corrected maximum swimming velocity. Comparison of selection differentials with control confirmed selection only on body size, i.e., dragonfly larvae preferably preyed on small newt larvae. Maximum swimming velocity and its thermal sensitivity showed low group repeatability, which contributed to non-detectable selection on both characteristics of escape performance.

Conclusions

In the newt-dragonfly larvae interaction, body size plays a more important role than maximum values and thermal sensitivity of swimming velocity during predator escape. This corroborates the general importance of body size in predator–prey interactions. The absence of an appropriate control in predation experiments may lead to potentially misleading conclusions about the primary target of predator-imposed selection. Insights from predation experiments contribute to our understanding of the link between performance and fitness, and further improve mechanistic models of predator–prey interactions and food web dynamics.
Sharpening some core theorems of Nieto and Rodríguez-López with application to boundary value problem
Authors: Kutbi Marwan Amin , Alam Aftab , Imdad Mohammad
Published: November 2015

In this paper, we prove sharpened versions of some classical order-theoretic metrical fixed point theorems due to Nieto and Rodríguez-López (Order 22(3):223-239, 2005) using order-theoretic variants of completeness and continuity besides some another notions such as: the ICC property, the DCC property, and the MCC property. In this continuation, we further extend our results for Boyd-Wong type nonlinear contractions. Finally, as an application of our certain newly proved results, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solution of a first order periodic boundary value problem.
Algorithm based patient care protocol to optimize patient care and inpatient stay in head and neck free flap patients
Authors: O'Connell Daniel A. , Barber Brittany , Klein Max F. , Soparlo Jeff , Al-Marzouki Hani , Harris Jeffrey R. , Seikaly Hadi
Published: November 2015

Objective

To determine if rigid adherence (where medically appropriate) to an algorithm/checklist-based patient care pathway can reduce the duration of hospitalization and complication rates in patients undergoing head and neck reconstruction with free tissue transfer.

Methods

Study design was a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing major head and neck cancer resections and reconstruction at a tertiary referral centre. The intervention was rigid adherence to a pre-existing care pathway including flow algorithms and multidisciplinary checklists incorporated into patient charting and care orders. 157 patients were enrolled prospectively and were compared to 99 patients in a historical cohort. Patient charts were reviewed and information related to the patient, procedure, and post-operative course was extracted. The two groups were compared for number of major and minor complications (using the Clavien-Dindo system) and length of stay in hospital.

Results

Comparing pre- and post-intervention groups, no significant difference was identified in duration of hospital stay (21.5 days vs. 20.5 days, p = 0.750), the rate of major complications was significantly higher in the pre-intervention cohort (25.3 % vs. 14.0 %, p = 0.031), the rate of minor complications was not significantly higher (34.3 % vs 30.8 %, p = 0.610).

Conclusion

Rigid adherence to our patient care pathway, and improved charting techniques including flow algorithms and multidisciplinary checklists has improved patient care by showing a significant reduction in the rate of major complications.
Autoimmune disorders in child psychiatry: keeping up with the field
Authors: Warrilow Adele , Morton Michael
Published: November 2015

Autoimmune disorders in children and adolescents can have significant neuropsychiatric complications and there is growing interest in the association between autoimmune conditions and psychiatric syndromes, particularly in Down syndrome. Acute presentations with psychiatric symptoms require careful assessment in order to recognise and plan treatment of underlying autoimmune disease in collaboration with paediatric colleagues. Difficult treatment decisions arise in children with established autoimmune diagnoses and psychiatric symptoms that may be a result of neuroimmunological processes associated with their condition, psychiatric side-effects of drug treatments or psychopathology resulting from other factors in the history that may or may not have a direct relation to the autoimmune diagnosis. This article illustrates these complexities through discussion of specific autoimmune disorders and three case histories.
Kaleidoscope
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Joyce Dan W. , Shergill Sukhwinder S.
Published: November 2015

One criticism was that the 12-month follow-up failed to capture a true
clinical picture, and that more time was necessary to demonstrate their
worth. The team that carried out this original work have now published
3-year data on 330 individuals detained under section of the Mental Health
Act,1 randomised on discharge to CTO or voluntary status via
Section 17 leave. No improvements in readmission rates, time to first
readmission, or duration of readmissions were found for those placed on
CTOs. The findings are even more powerful than the original results; CTOs
now exist in various forms in over 75 jurisdictions, but no solid scientific
evidence has yet been produced to support them. If there are subpopulations
for whom (or specific circumstances in which) they work, such
characteristics have yet to be delineated. A ‘least restrictive’ principle
underpins the Mental Health Act, and a strong rebuttal is needed to justify
ongoing CTO use – so-called ‘revolving-door patients' should not be replaced
by revolving-door policy.
How could it happen? The killing of people in mental hospitals
in Germany under the Third Reich
Authors: Stewart Alistair
Published: November 2015

About 70 000 people resident in mental hospitals in Germany were killed by
gassing between 1940 and 1941. The number matched a target which had been
set previously. This dreadful crime both required, and was facilitated by, a
certain bureaucratic procedure. This was described by SS Colonel Viktor
Brack under questioning before the Nuremberg Military Court in 1946
(translated from the German by the author).
Psychiatric expertise
Authors: Ikkos George
Published: November 2015

Unlike neurologists, affect not the brain is the object of psychiatrists'
specialist medical expertise. Defined as feelings, emotions and agitations,
affect integrates human responses and drives brain and body changes,
thinking, perceiving, relating and acting. In no particular order, it
depends on genes, evolution, culture, physiology, personal experience,
social history, chance, meaning, the environment and a sense of self and
others. Disturbance in any (combination) of these may lead to
psychopathology, the understanding and treatment of which demands biomedical
training, empathic curiosity about the human soul, a pluralist perspective,
tolerance of anxiety and engagement with public perceptions, policies and
ideologies.
Functional Reconstitution of the Insulin-Secreting Porosome Complex in Live Cells
Authors: Naik Akshata R. , Kulkarni Sanjana P. , Lewis Kenneth T. , Taatjes Douglas J. , Jena Bhanu P.
Published: November 2015

Supramolecular cup-shaped lipoprotein structures called porosomes embedded in the cell plasma membrane mediate fractional release of intravesicular contents from cells during secretion. The presence of porosomes, have been documented in many cell types including neurons, acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas, GH-secreting cells of the pituitary, and insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. Functional reconstitution of porosomes into artificial lipid membranes, have also been accomplished. Earlier studies on mouse insulin-secreting Min6 cells report 100-nm porosome complexes composed of nearly 30 proteins. In the current study, porosomes have been functionally reconstituted for the first time in live cells. Isolated Min6 porosomes reconstituted into live Min6 cells demonstrate augmented levels of porosome proteins and a consequent increase in the potency and efficacy of glucose-stimulated insulin release. Elevated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion 48 hours after reconstitution, reflects on the remarkable stability and viability of reconstituted porosomes, documenting the functional reconstitution of native porosomes in live cells. These results, establish a new paradigm in porosome-mediated insulin secretion in β-cells.
Meeting report – Imaging the Cell
Authors: Moreau Violaine , Cordelières Fabrice P. , Poujol Christel , Sagot Isabelle , Saltel Frédéric
Published: November 2015

Every two years, the French Society for Cell Biology (SBCF) organises an international meeting called ‘Imaging the Cell’. This year, the 8th edition was held on 24–26 June 2015 at University of Bordeaux Campus Victoire in the city of Bordeaux, France, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Over the course of three days, the meeting provided a forum for experts in different areas of cell imaging. Its unique approach was to combine conventional oral presentations during morning sessions with practical workshops at hosting institutes and the Bordeaux Imaging Center during the afternoons. The meeting, co-organised by Violaine Moreau and Frédéric Saltel (both INSERM U1053, Bordeaux, France), Christel Poujol and Fabrice Cordelières (both Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France) and Isabelle Sagot (Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Bordeaux, France), brought together about 120 scientists including 16 outstanding speakers to discuss the latest advances in cell imaging. Thanks to recent progress in imaging technologies, cell biologists are now able to visualise, follow and manipulate cellular processes with unprecedented accuracy. The meeting sessions and workshops highlighted some of the most exciting developments in the field, with sessions dedicated to optogenetics, high-content screening, in vivo and live-cell imaging, correlative light and electron microscopy, as well as super-resolution imaging.
The Communicative Meaning of the Text and Its Understanding
Authors: Базылев  , Bazylev V.
Published: November 2015

The article presents a brief description of standardized methods for diagnosing

text understanding, the results of applying this methodology to the

1st year students of the Moscow state pedagogical University. Five levels

of text understanding are described. The practical value of the results of

diagnostic procedure of text understanding is discussed.
Songs as a Resource for Teaching English for Specific Purposes
Authors: Широких  , Shirokikh Anna
Published: November 2015

The article considers songs as a significant resource for learning the English

language. Psychological, pedagogical and language reasons for using

the songs as a tool for teaching the language are considered. Physiology

and psychology of perception, context, and narrative, emotive and appellative

functions of this music genre as well as social and cultural components

are seen as important components of the song genre. The author realizes

that listening to songs should be reasonably limited and looks upon the criteria

of songs selection. The author gives an example of a lesson devoted

to the financial crisis and its consequences. The lesson is based on an

authentic narrative song on social and economic issues. The artistic and

language features of this text material are studied. Communicative tasks

are designed.
Dialogue of the Artist With the Audience: the Communicative Possibilities of Fine Arts
Authors: Бастрыкина  , Bastrykina T.
Published: November 2015

The article deals with the problem of communication studies in the visual

arts, as well as the issues of transformation of the scope of knowledge

and aspects that determine the creative thinking and perception of various

forms of art. Aesthetic idea of art as a specific artistic image, in which and

through which the artist as a representative art expresses its relation to reality,

enters into a conversation with the destination. Concludes the reader,

viewer or listener. This is the deepest essence of the communication, which

is implemented as media through the web, created by the artist.
Regional Media – As Effective QMS (Functioning of Market Mechanisms and Public Support: the Results of the Presence and Absence)
Authors: Бухарина  , Bukharina Inessa
Published: November 2015

The article presents the results of a study on the effective functioning of the

regional media market’s largest QMS. Specificity and mechanisms of state

support for the Russian exclusive determined by market conditions.
LOGICAL FUNCTION PARAMETERS RELIABILITY OF COMPLEX ASSEMBLY MAKE PROGRAM-TECHNICAL COMPLEX, LOGIC-BASED AND PROBABLISTIC MATHEMATICAL APPARATUS
Authors: Спирина  , Spirina N. , Уткин  , Utkin D. , Сапронов  , Sapronov Ivan
Published: November 2015

The article deals with the logical function of the parameters of reliability of complex blocks constituting the software and hardware on the basis of a-logical-probabilistic mathematical device
THE QUESTION OF IMPROVING THE DEVELOPMENT DATA-BASE OF FOREST CONCESSION AREAS WOODLAND
Authors: Иванников  , Ivannikov Valeriy , Сушков  , Sushkov Sergey
Published: November 2015

In the given article the question of modeling and the analysis of structure of vehicles is considered. It is necessary to determine intensity of usage of each version so to execute available limitations and to ensure a minimum of the total fetched costs.
Multi-profile procedures for motor conversion disorders in children – a case report
Authors: Lenart-Domka Ewa , Pelc-Dymon Marzena
Published: November 2015

Cel

Pacjenci z zaburzeniami konwersyjnymi często prezentują deficyty ruchowe bez żadnej przyczyny o charakterze organicznym. Najczęściej spotykanymi objawami ruchowymi są drżenia, osłabienie kończyn oraz zaburzenia chodu. Prawidłowa diagnoza i leczenie oraz współpraca pacjenta i jego rodziny podczas terapii mają zasadniczy wpływ na osiągnięcie szybkiego wyzdrowienia. Celem tego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na znaczenie wielodyscyplinarnego postępowania terapeutycznego w ruchowych zaburzeniach konwersyjnych u dzieci dla uzyskania optymalnych efektów leczenia zilustrowane opisem przypadku choroby.

Metoda

Opis przypadku: dziewięcioletni chłopiec z drżeniem kończyn, ataksją tułowia, zaburzeniami równowagi oraz znaczną niesprawnością w samodzielnej lokomocji na podłożu zaburzeń konwersyjnych został przyjęty na stacjonarny pobyt rehabilitacyjny z powodu braku postępu w dotychczasowym ponad czteromiesięcznym leczeniu obejmującym podawanie hydroxyzyny oraz nieregularne uczestnictwo w psychoterapii. Wdrożono jednoczasowo postępowanie obejmujące behawioralne modyfikacje w usprawnianiu ruchowym, psychoterapię indywidualną i rodzinną oraz leczenie farmakologiczne sertraliną. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na uzyskanie akceptacji rodziców dziecka do prowadzonej skojarzonej formy terapii uznając, że dotychczasowe leczenie było niewydolne z powodu braku przekonania rodziców o psychogennych przyczynach objawów, skupieniu się na nadmiernym diagnozowaniu dziecka, co utrudniało znacznie prowadzenie prawidłowego leczenia.

Wyniki

Po trzytygodniowym okresie kompleksowego leczenia pacjent odzyskał całkowicie sprawność ruchową, niezależność funkcjonalną oraz społeczną adekwatnie do swojego wieku.

Wnioski

Równoczesne wdrożenie wieloprofilowego postępowania jest skuteczną metodą leczenia ruchowych zaburzeń konwersyjnych u dzieci. Warunkiem jego powodzenia jest przekonanie rodziców o psychogennym podłożu objawów, konieczności podjęcia skojarzonego leczenia, co sprzyja uzyskaniu pełnej współpracy w procesie terapeutycznym.
Chatterboxes raise language awareness
Authors: Geldard Clare , Wright David
Published: November 2015

MA Education Ltd, St Jude's Church, Dulwich Road, London, SE24 0PB. neil.henty@markallengroup.com
Finger gym motor show
Authors: Burmeister Janina
Published: November 2015

Developing fine motor skills is an essential skill for children who want to fully participate in the world around them and to grow in independence; these activities will provide relevant learning experiences.
Wars Past and Wars to Come
Authors: Newsinger John
Published: November 2015

With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, elements within the U.S. ruling class came to believe that their country was militarily invincible. Indeed, they believed this newfound military superiority over any potential rival was something new in human history. So great was its technological advantage, the United States could destroy its enemies with complete impunity. A long-heralded Revolution in Military Affairs was taking place, enabling the United States to reshape the world. New smart technologies would disperse the "fog of war," making it possible for the United States to kill its enemies without their being able to strike back, and the "Vietnam syndrome" could be overcome once and for all.… Even so, at this point in time, the U.S. government proceeded with considerable caution. The then-secretary of defense, Dick Cheney no less, made clear that the United States did not invade and occupy Iraq at this time because of the danger of finding itself in a "quagmire" where it would be taking casualties while the Kurds, the Shia, and the Sunnis fought it out. The administration decided not to involve itself in "that civil war." Such a commitment would have had to involve the use of "overwhelming force" for an extended period if it was to have any chance of success. This was in 1991. Ten years later such caution had been replaced by an overweening self-confidence, by a belief that the United States could completely reshape the Middle East, starting with Iraq, and then moving on to Syria and Iran. And, moreover, this could all be achieved with a comparatively small invading and occupying army.

Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Melanocytes are more responsive to IFN-γ and produce higher amounts of kynurenine than melanoma cells
Authors: Clara Renan Orsati , Assmann Nadine , Ramos Moreno Ana Carolina , Coimbra Janine Baptista , Nurenberger Nadine , Dettmer-Wilde Katja , Oefner Peter Josef , Campa Ana
Published: November 2015

A key link between amino acid catabolism and immune regulation in cancer is the augmented tryptophan (Trp) catabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP), a metabolic route induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and related to poor prognosis in melanomas. Besides its role in cancer, IFN-γ plays a key role in the control of pigmentation homeostasis. Here we measured KP metabolites in human melanoma lines and skin melanocytes and fibroblasts in response to IFN-γ. In general, IFN-γ affected KP in skin cells more than in melanoma cells, supporting IFN-γ roles in skin physiology and that of stromal cells in modulating the tumor microenvironment.
Age at menarche and diet among adolescents in slums of Nashik, India
Authors: Khopkar Sushama , Kulathinal Sangita , Virtanen Suvi M. , Säävälä Minna
Published: November 2015

Background and aim: The role of dietary patterns in determining age at menarche is insufficiently understood in low-income countries. The relationship between dietary patterns, particularly the consumption of oil, and age at menarche in a slum-dwelling adolescent population in India is examined.

Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional baseline survey and anthropometric measurements among 10- to 19-year-old adolescents (n=545, female respondents 272, of whom 160 were post-menarcheal) and a household survey in two slums in the city of Nashik, Western India. By using mixed effects linear regression models, the association between age at menarche and household-wise use of sources of animal protein and oil and fat is examined.

Results: Age at menarche (mean 13.7 years) in the slums studied was relatively high according to Indian standards. Age at menarche and the consumption of dairy products, meat, fish and eggs were not associated. The household per capita consumption of vegetable oil had an inverse association with a girl’s age at menarche, and there was an indication of a positive association between use of ghee (clarified butter) and age at menarche. These associations did not disappear when controlling for anthropometric status and socio-economic characteristics.

Conclusion: Intake of fats and foods that are important sources of protein among underprivileged households in India is low and reflected in the relatively late age at menarche. The potential differences in the association between various types of fatty acids, energy intake and age at menarche in conditions of undernutrition requires further prospective study.
The absolute center of finite groups
Authors: Meng Hangyang , Guo Xiuyun
Published: November 2015

In this paper we first investigate the relationship between the absolute center L(G)
and the Frattini subgroup Φ(G) for a finite group G, and then we describe the structure of
finite groups G satisfying L(G) ≤ Φ(G). For example, we
prove that a finite group G is an ℱ-group if and only
if G/L(G) is an ℱ-group, where ℱ is a
saturated formation containing Z
2.
Next we determine all finite groups X such that X/L(X) is isomorphic to
Z

p
ω
× Zp
, where ω is a positive integer and
Z

p
ω
is a cyclic group of order p
ω.
Expansion of conjugacy classes in PSL2(q)
Authors: Garion Shelly
Published: November 2015

For any conjugacy class 𝒞 in G = PSL2(q) we compute 𝒞2
and discuss whether or not 𝒞 contains a triple of elements whose
product is 1 which generate G. Moreover, we determine which
elements in G can be written as a product of two conjugate
elements that generate G.
Tantalum and vanadium substitution in hexagonal K0.3WO3 bronze: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Rahman Md. Shahidur , Murshed M. Mangir , Baabe Dirk , Gesing Thorsten M.
Published: November 2015

Polycrystalline samples of tantalum and vanadium single and double substituted hexagonal potassium tungsten bronzes (K-HTB’s) with nominal compositions of K0.3(W6+
0.7W5+
0.3–yTa5+
y)O3 (0≤y≤0.3), K0.3(W6+
0.7W5+
0.3–y V5+
y)O3 (0≤y≤0.18) and K0.3(W6+
0.7W5+
0.3–yTa5+
y/2V5+
y/2)O3 (0≤y≤0.3) were synthesized by solid state reactions in quartz tubes at 10–7 MPa and 1073 K. The applied synthesis condition allowed K0.3WO3 to crystallize in space group P6322, confirmed by X-ray powder diffration and Raman spectroscopic analyses. In this K-HTB composition, W5+ could fully be replaced by Ta5+, whereas V5+ could only be substituted up to y=0.16. The degree of W5+ substitution was explained in terms of second-order Jahn–Teller (SOJT) distortion of the d0 cations W6+, Ta5+ and V5+. The applied distortion index also demonstrates why a complete substitution of W5+ in K0.3(W6+W5+)O3 was allowed by a concomitant sharing of Ta5+ and V5+, which are statistically distributed on the W5+/W6+ sites. As W5+(d1) is not SOJT susceptible, it is also shown that the concentration of W5+ in tungsten bronzes plays an important role in the local WO6 octahedral symmetry as well as in its coordination.
X-ray topographic study of the antiferroelectric phase transition and antiphase boundaries in copper formate tetrahydrate
Authors: Herres Nikolaus , Klapper Helmut
Published: November 2015

Copper formate tetrahydrate, Cu(HCOO)2·4H2O, undergoes upon cooling below –38 °C a phase transition from a paraelectric (PE) into an antiferroelectric (AFE) phase, whereby its monoclinic point group 2/m is preserved and its lattice parameter c doubled. The boundary between the phases PE and AFE and the antiphase boundaries between the AFE domains have been imaged by X-ray diffraction topography (Lang technique), using a rotating-anode generator with Ag-Kα radiation. A simple cooling chamber allowed the adjustment of the transition isotherm (i.e. the phase boundary) across the plate-shaped crystal and its stepwise movement across the probe. This has been done for slices of orientation (010) and (001) with several directions of the temperature gradient. The phase boundary appears on the topographs by strong kinematical contrast, indicating considerable lattice strain in the transition region. For (001) plates the X-ray diffraction positions of the PE and AFE phase regions on both sides of the phase boundary are different so that the two regions had to be imaged in separate exposures with a small angular readjustment between them. As expected, the domain boundaries, imaged by section topography, show fringe contrast typical for antiphase boundaries. The various findings are described and discussed in detail.
Patterson functions
Authors: Flack Howard D.
Published: November 2015

The paper deals with |F|2, A and D Patterson functions. The information available in the various volumes of International Tables for Crystallography is detailed. A and D are defined and the reason for their use is explained. The symmetry of these functions is explained. Calculation by symmetry-adapted Patterson functions and the Fast-Fourier algorithm are described. There are two examples. There is a very useful table presenting the relevant information.
La coupe du roi and other methods to halve objects
Authors: Schwarzenbach Dieter
Published: November 2015

The symmetry theory of halving objects into two identical fragments is developed and illustrated by examples. La coupe du roi is a fascinating way to slice an apple into chiral fragments with the same handedness. It may be applied to any object with point group symmetry 2 or 222 and their supergroups, e.g. to cones, cylinders or spheres. Variants of coupes du roi are presented and applied to a cube. An object is divided into halves by a number of cuts. The important cuts extend to the centre of the object, and these must form a single closed loop. The symmetry of the division into two fragments is given by the point group of the decorated object, i.e. the object including all the cuts. Point groups comprising only rotations result in chiral fragments with the same handedness. Such divisions may illustrate the reaction path for changing the sense of chirality of molecules via a dimeric achiral transition state rather than by deformation. Non-trivial divisions of objects into achiral fragments or into racemic chiral fragments are obtained with point groups, again of the decorated object, comprising roto-inversions X̅, excepting X = 4n + 2. All other point groups either do not lead to half-objects, or they result in a trivial single planar cut parallel to a mirror plane.
Exploring the crystallization landscape of cadmium bis(N-hydroxyethyl, N-isopropyldithiocarbamate), Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2
Authors: Tan Yee Seng , Abdul Halim Siti Nadiah , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: November 2015

Crystallization of Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2 from ethanol yields the coordination polymer [{Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}·EtOH]∞ (1) within 3 h. When the solution is allowed to stand for another hour, the needles begin to dissolve and prisms emerge of the supramolecular isomer (SI), binuclear {Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}2·2EtOH (2). These have been fully characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray crystallography. Polymeric 1 has 2-fold symmetry and features dithiocarbamate ligands coordinating two octahedral Cd atoms in a μ
2
κ
2-tridentate mode. Binuclear 2 is centrosymmetric with two ligands being μ
2
κ
2-tridentate as for 1 but the other two being κ
2-chelating leading to square pyramidal geometries. The conversion of the kinetic crystallization product, 1, to thermodynamic 2 is irreversible but transformations mediated by recrystallization (ethanol and acetonitrile) to related literature SI species, namely coordination polymer [{Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}3·MeCN]∞ and binuclear {Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2 OH]2}2·2H2O·2MeCN, are demonstrated, some of which are reversible. Three other crystallization outcomes are described whereby crystal structures were obtained for the 1:2 co-crystal {Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}2:2[3-(propan-2-yl)-1,3-oxazolidine-2-thione] (3), the salt co-crystal [iPrNH2(CH2CH2OH)]4[SO4]2{Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}2 (4) and the salt [iPrNH2(CH2CH2OH)]{Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]3} (5). These arise as a result of decomposition/oxidation of the dithiocarbamate ligands. In each of 3 and 4 the binuclear {Cd[S2CN(iPr)CH2CH2OH]2}2 SI, as in 2, is observed strongly suggesting a thermodynamic preference for this form.
Pharmacology Review: Using Modeling and Simulation for Neonatal Drug Development
Authors: Wang Jian , Edginton Andrea N. , Burckart Gilbert
Published: November 2015

In recent years, there has been an increasing use of modeling and simulation (M&S) within the pharmaceutical industry, along with increasing acceptance of M&S in pediatric drug development by regulatory agencies. Moreover, an increasing body of physiologic, biological, and pharmacologic data has become available to inform neonatal modeling. Developing complementary M&S frameworks for neonates is warranted to support first-in-neonate dose selection and expedite successful neonatal drug development.
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oil by gel permeation chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and fluorescence detector
Authors: Wang J. , Jia L. , Wei W. , Lang S. , Shao P. , Fan X.
Published: November 2015

This paper develops an instrumental analytical approach for detection of fourteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oil samples using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with diode array detector (DAD), and fluorescence detector (FLD). The GPC was used to remove triglycerides from edible oil samples. The extracted samples were then detected using UHPLC—DAD—FLD. In order to obtain good separation and high reproducibility, the UHPLC—DAD—FLD experimental condition was optimized. The PAHs including three groups of isomeric PAHs can be separated completely in 12 min using BEH Shield RP 18 column with a suitable gradient elution program. The mean recoveries were in the range of 73–110% with an acceptable reproducibility (RSD < 10%, n = 3). During real sample analysis, the method can decrease the chance of false positives with both DAD and FLD being used simultaneously. The results indicate that the approach is simple, easy, and acceptably reproducible, thereby showing great potential as a method for detection of fourteen PAHs contained in edible oil samples.
The Provincial Polymath: The Curious Cosmopolitanism of Nirad C. Chaudhuri
Authors: Majumdar Saikat
Published: November 2015

Is a humanist intellectual with a popular audience more likely to be a credentialed expert or an autodidact at odds with the established norms of scholarship? Is such an intellectual, to use Marjorie Garber's terms, a professional or an amateur? his essay considers these questions in the light of the institutionalization of a humanist curriculum in late colonial Britain and its overseas empire in order to examine the controversial figure of Nirad C. Chaudhuri, a Bengali intellectual whose popular and provocative appeal derives from his position as an amateur and an autodidact. Such an intellectual identity is at odds with colonial education's ideological enterprise: to create a certain kind of professional subject. Though Chaudhuri is popularly perceived to be an Anglophile, his amateur identity not only provides the secret of his appeal but also departs from the institutionalization of humanist education that characterized the British Empire.
Injuries of Class: Mass Education and the American Campus Novel
Authors: Findeisen Christopher
Published: November 2015

Although many believe that “mass higher education” increased opportunity and egalitarianism in postwar American society, the reality has been quite different. While a greater proportion of students are enrolled in higher-educational institutions now than at any other point in history, economic inequality is at an all-time high. Postwar American campus novels largely misunderstand this historical development. While the genre represents the university as an institution that combats social inequality by expanding enrollment, these novels simultaneously obscure the social inequality that the university cannot combat and instead helps to legitimate. The symbolic work of American campus novels has thus been to imagine a system that stages social conflicts between the deserving and the elite when in fact the postwar meritocracy has made the two categories functionally indistinguishable.
Facies and Diagenetic Level of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formation, in Randegan and Palimanan Area
Authors: Jambak Moeh. Ali , Syafri Ildrem , Isnaniawardhani Vijaya , Benyamin Benyamin , Rodriguez Hilarius
Published: November 2015

DOI:10.17014/ijog.2.3.157-166This research aims to determine the facies and diagenetic level of limestone of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formations, and also aims to determine the structural correlation between surface and subsurface limestones. Based on thin section analyses taken from the core and outcrop samples, there are four types of lithofacies on the Upper Cibulakan Formation, i.e. mudstone-wackestone, wackestone-packstone, packstone-grainstone, and grainstone facies, and also four types of lithofacies on the Parigi Limestone Formation, i.e. mudstone-wackestone, wackestone-packstone, packstone-grainstone, and lower mudstone-wackestone facies. The analysis of surface and subsurface limestone facies of the Upper Cibulakan and Parigi Formations led to the knowledge of the proportionality and variation of the limestone characteristics on both positions. Limestone of the Upper Cibulakan Formation was deposited locally and discontinuously, whilst the Parigi Formation limestone was deposited evenly and continuously. The structural correlation between the surface and subsurface limestone indicates that these formations were uplifted/exposed due to a local force, likely caused by the intrusion of igneous rocks, as happened in the Kromong Complex. The presence of residual hydrocarbon on the surface of the limestone samples suggests the possibility of potential hydrocarbon trapped in the limestone beneath the surface.
A Trillion Dollar Question: What Predicts Student Loan Delinquencies?
Authors: Sommer Kamila , Mezza Alvaro A.
Published: November 2015

The recent significant increase in student loan delinquencies has generated interest in understanding the key factors predicting the non-performance of these loans. However, despite the large size of the student loan market, existing analyses have been limited by data. This paper studies predictors of student loan delinquencies using a nationally representative panel dataset that anonymously combines individual credit bureau records with Pell Grant and Federal student loan recipient information, records on college enrollment, graduation and major, and school characteristics. We show that borrower-level credit characteristics are important predictors of student loan delinquencies. In particular, credit scores of young borrowers are highly predictive of future student loan delinquencies, even when measured well before borrowers enter repayment. In marked contrast, our results point to only a limited power of student debt levels in predicting future student loan credit events. Our findings have potentially useful practical implications. For example, access to credit file information when borrowers exit school could help to more effectively target student loan borrowers who might benefit from enrolling in income-driven repayment or loan modification plans.
A DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DAS ESPÉCIES DE ANATIDAE DO CAMPUS II DA UNOESTE, PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE – SP
Authors: OLIVEIRA LUIZ WALDEMAR DE , DONZELLI LÍVIA , CLEMENTE DYMIELI DO CARMO
Published: November 2015

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Anatidae. Dendrocygna autumnalis. Cairina moschata.
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO E O PROCESSO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE PARA OS DESAFIOS ENFRENTADOS NO AGRONEGÓCIO
Authors: Marques Maurício Dias , Dias Lucas Seolin
Published: November 2015

Resumo:Diante das incertezas econômicas, sociais e ambientais do cenário atual globalizado, o planejamento estratégico em qualquer organização torna-se fundamental, e na área do agronegócio não é diferente. Este trabalho visa apresentar as vantagens de um planejamento estratégico para o processo de sustentabilidade na área do agronegócio. Buscou-se, por meio de um levantamento teórico bibliográfico, analisar e compreender os aspectos gerais sobre o assunto. E evidenciou-se que o planejamento estratégico proporciona maior segurança para a tomada de decisões ante as projeções de incertezas futuras, sendo importante sua implantação para o processo de sustentabilidade também no agronegócio. Estudos mais aprofundados são sugeridos para verificar a realidade sobre a implantação desse planejamento. Palavras-chave: planejamento estratégico, sustentabilidade, agronegócio. STRATEGIC PLANNING AND THE PROCESS OF SUSTAINABILITY FOR THE CHALLENGES FACED IN AGRIBUSINESS ABSTRACT:In the face of economic, social and environmental uncertainties of the globalized present scenario, strategic planning in any organization it is essential, and in the agribusiness area is no different. This paper presents the advantages of a strategic planning process for sustainability in the agribusiness area. It is sought, through a bibliographic theoretical research, analyze and understand the general aspects about it. And it became clear that strategic planning provides greater security for decision making at the projections of future uncertainties, and its implementation is very important for the process of sustainability also in agribusiness. Further studies are suggested to a reality check on the implementation of this planning. Keywords: strategic planning, sustainability, agribusiness.  PLANIFICACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA Y EL PROCESO DE SOSTENIBILIDAD DE LOS RETOS QUE ENFRENTAN EN AGRONEGOCIOS  RESUMEN:A la vista de las incertidumbres económicas, sociales y ambientales del actual escenario globalizado, la planificación estratégica en cualquier organización es esencial, y en el área de la agroindustria no es diferente. Este artículo presenta las ventajas de un proceso de planificación estratégica para la sostenibilidad en el área de la agroindustria. Se pretende, a través de una investigación teórica bibliográfica, analizar y comprender los aspectos generales al respecto. Y se hizo evidente que la planificación estratégica proporciona una mayor seguridad para la toma de decisiones en las proyecciones de las incertidumbres del futuro y su aplicación es muy importante para el proceso de sostenibilidad también en la agroindustria. Se sugiere otros estudios para una revisión de la realidad sobre la aplicación de esta planificación. Palabras clave: planificación estratégica, la sostenibilidad, la agroindustria.
ENSAIO INTRODUTÓRIO SOBRE MINERACOLOGIA: PROPOSTA DE FOMENTAÇÃO DA REFLEXÃO E DISCUSSÃO DA MINERAÇÃO PELO VIÉS DA AGROECOLOGIA
Authors: Góes Carolina Braz , Herman Hildebrando
Published: November 2015

Palavras-chaveMineração, sustentabilidade, agroecologia, pequenos mineradores, visão holística, mineracologia
ANÁLISE DO PIB DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR COMPARANDO COM O DISPONIBILIZADO AO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE FORTALECIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR - PRONAF
Authors: Gonella Jéssica dos Santos Leite , Lamarca Daniel Sá Freire , Braga Junior Sergio Silva
Published: November 2015

Palavras-chaveCrédito Rural; Agricultura Familiar; Pronaf.
Stopping Mass Atrocities: Targeting the Dictator
Authors: Weerdesteijn Maartje
Published: November 2015

The international community has determined it carries the responsibility to protect civilians from atrocity crimes if a state is unable or unwilling to do so. These crimes are often perpetrated in authoritarian regimes where they are legitimized through an exclusionary ideology. A comparative case study of Pol Pot and Milosevic indicates that whether the leader truly believes in the ideology he puts forward or merely uses it instrumentally to manipulate the population, is an important variable, which affects the manner in which third parties can respond effectively to these crimes. While Pol Pot was motivated by his ideological zeal, Milosevic used ideology to create a climate in which mass atrocities could be perpetrated in order to garner further power and prestige. In Max Weber’s terminology, Milosevic was guided by instrumental rationality while Pol Pot acted on the basis of value rationality. This case study compares two crucial moments—Vietnam’s invasion of Cambodia and NATO’s bombing of Serbia when the crisis in Kosovo escalated—to analyze the responsiveness of the two leaders. It is argued that ideological leaders are less responsive than non-ideological leaders to foreign policy measures targeted to stop or mitigate the occurrence of atrocities.
Mass Atrocity Prevention: Forever Elusive or Potentially Achievable?
Authors: Smith Karen E.
Published: November 2015

This editorial introduces the special issue, and considers what the articles in it tell us about the prospects of mass atrocity prevention.
Pemodelan Copula: Studi Banding Kuantifikasi Autokorelasi
Authors: Rozi Fachrur
Published: November 2015

Dalam tulisan ini akan dijelaskan beberapa metode kuantifikasi dependensi antara dua variabel acak (bivariat) dan perbandingan antara metode kuantifikasi dependensi tersebut. Selain itu akan diperkenalkan teori copula dalam kaitannya dengan kuantifikasi dependensi pada data time series, yang biasa disebut autokorelasi, khususnya kuantifikasi autokorelasi Kendall’s tau melalui copula.
Aplikasi Program Dinamik pada Metode Pelaksanaan Pengecoran Plat Lantai
Authors: Sedayu Agung
Published: November 2015

The development of world construction projects at this time that established by widespread methods of physical implementation which more excellent and sophisticated. The contractors are competing to obtain optimum results, and reduce losses more lower. The results obtained should not give benefit one person only, the other one should not to lose and suffer. Islam guides human how they work give benefit to their own and others. Many methods, equipment, and expertise deployed by the contractor for their work more optimal, one method for optimizing the physical implementation of the project is Dynamic Programming. Dynamic Programming to solve the problem optimization is not only with one step, but the events that took place linked to each other. Case study in this paper is the application of dynamic programming of implementation method of concrete casting on floor slab of Green House building, it’s belongs to Department of Biology, UIN Maliki Malang with backward induction phase. In modern century as this era has many fast-growing method of implementation that are categorized as advanced, but the problem that the methods actually optimal in terms of cost and time, due to cost and time parameters are very important in the progress of construction projects. The methods is very sophisticated so make project to be done very fast but it is very expensive financing, or the method is still conventional and traditional so that project costs will be reduced as cheaply, but the project need long time to be finished. Where is the decision that one will be expected to demand that we use what method. Mathematical formulas of dynamic programming as recursive equation with change big problem into smaller sub-problems, so the completion of smaller problems will be found solving of the original problem. Optimization process in this case that slab casting which solved in two methods, manually calculations with a recursive formula and use software DS Win 2.0. Optimization result of the two method are compared, and the two method produce similar results. Optimal or not parameter of the two method is optimum time and cost.
Membatasi k-Ketenggaan Simpul dalam Pembangkitan Random Graph Metode Erdos Royi untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Komputasi
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Arifin Agus Zainal
Published: November 2015

Edges generation by random graph erdos-royi methods was needed high computation, it’s caused low performance. In fact, edge generation was used frequently with many nodes. this paper is described a node restriction by k-nearest neighbour on edge generation of random graph erdos royi method. Result of noderestriction by k-nearest neighbour can be reduced computation time.
Penjadwalan Jalur Bus dalam Kota dengan Model Petrinet dan Aljabar Max-Plus (Studi Kasus Busway TransJakarta)
Authors: Winarni Winarni
Published: November 2015

Jaringan jalur bus dalam kota merupakan salah satu fasilitas transportasi umum yang memegang peranan penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat kota yang mempunyai karakteristik mobilitasnya cukup tinggi. Jaringan bus TransJakarta (Busway) di Jakarta merupakan salah satu contohnya. Jaringan bus tersebut dibangun antara lain sebagai solusi permasalahan di sektor angkutan umum dan memberikan pilihan solusi untuk mengatasi kemacetan lalu lintas di Jakarta. Salah satu masalah penting dalam sistem transportasi tersebut yang menjadi keluhan masyarakat adalah mengenai ketidakpastian waktu tunggu kedatangan bus di tiap-tiap halte, hal ini dimungkinkan antara lain karena belum adanya penjadwalan yang baik pada sistem tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan penjadwalan keberangkatan bus menggunakan pendekatan aljabar max-plus dengan terlebih dahulu mengkontruksi model sistem dengan Petrinet. Studi kasus dalam penelitian ini adalah jaringan bus TransJakarta. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan memperoleh desain jadwal keberangkatan bus di tiap halte pada masing-masing koridor