bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microcontroller Based Bird Pest Repellant Modifications Using A Pir Sensor
Authors: A. Julisma M  , Jamaluddin  , Fatahillah
Published: January 2024

Hama yaitu seluruh hewan yang merugikan pertanian dan organisme pengganggu tanaman yang merusak secara fisik, contohnya seperti burung. Hama burung bisa memakan padi hingga rata-rata sejumlah 5 g perhari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memoifikasi dan mengetahui kinerja alat pengusir hama burung berbasis mikrokontroler menggunakan sensor pir (passive infra red). Pembuatan alat ini meliuti beberapa tahaan yaitu studi pustaka, identifikasi sistem, merancang alat dan sistem kontrol, pengujian fungsional, pengujian lapangan dan analisis data. Mikrokontroler arduino uno sebagai pengendali alat, akumulator sebagai sumber daya, sensor PIR sebagai sensor pendeteksi serta motor servo sebagai penggerak. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian jarak deteksi alat diketahui bahwa jarak rata-rata jangkauan sensor hanya 4 m. Ini dikarenakan sebab penggunaan sensor kadangkala kurang dapat mendeteksi keberadaan burung yang jumlahnya 1 ekor dan area lahan memiliki cakupan yang luas.
CULTURA EM SALA DE AULA: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA SUPERAR DESAFIOS E PROMOVER A INTEGRAÇÃO DE ALUNOS IMIGRANTES NAS ESCOLAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Reinehr Stoffel Helena Teresinha , Oliveira Ramos Aloisio , Moraes da Cruz Gomes Eliane , Demiquei Gonzatti Luciane , Borges Felipe Netto Luciana , Arozi Márcia Helena , Souza Rêgo Katiuscia , Albuquerque Valéria Lúcia
Published: January 2024

A interculturalidade é um fato evidente na sociedade atual, visto que nosso país tem recebido muitos estrangeiros, e isso representa um grande desafio para as instituições de ensino demandando inovações nas práticas metodológicas dos professores. Faz-se necessário o uso de  estratégias para minimizar os desafios dos imigrantes nas escolas brasileiras para que possam sentir-se acolhidos, integrados ao ambiente escolar, e que possam manifestar-se sem medo de serem julgados pela diferença cultural que trazem consigo. Á visto disso, esse artigo tem por objetivo apresentar abordagens metodológicas que contemplem a diversidade cultural minimizando os desafios dos estudantes imigrantes nas escolas brasileiras, oportunizando a construção de uma aprendizagem mais significativa para todos. Quanto à abordagem metodológica trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cuja pesquisa foi realizada com 27 estudantes estrangeiros e 32 professores brasileiros. O artigo aborda estratégias que podem ser implantadas no cotidiano escolar para promover um ambiente educacional mais inclusivo e aponta possibilidades para facilitar a integração dos  estudantes estrangeiros.
TRANSTORNOS FINANCEIROS E SOCIAIS ACARRETADOS PELA EVASÃO E ATRASO ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL TÉCNICA DA FAETEC
Authors: Nunes Silva Margareth , Monteiro da Silva Maria Aparecida
Published: January 2024

O estudo de caso “Evasão na Educação Profissional Técnica de Jovens e Adultos: o caso da Instituição Pública Estatal Fundação de Apoio à Escola Técnica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAETEC”, com abordagens multimétodos, objetivou analisar quais as principais razões que induzem à evasão escolar nos Cursos de Educação Profissional Técnica, na modalidade integrado ao ensino médio - EMI, da Fundação de Apoio à Escola Técnica do Rio de Janeiro – Faetec e, por ser uma Instituição pública, quais os possíveis transtornos financeiros e sociais para Estado e sociedade. O resultado desta investigação quantitativa mostrou que a retenção escolar, as disciplinas pré-requisitos, a insuficiência de aprendizagem no nível de ensino anterior aumentavam o risco de evasão escolar e de atraso escolar. Em consequência disto, Estado e sociedade arcavam com custos financeiros elevados e jovens desempregados, subempregados ou marginalizados.  A pesquisa foi realizada nos cursos técnicos de eletrotécnica e eletrônica e nas unidades técnicas: Ferreira Viana; João Luiz do Nascimento e Visconde de Mauá. A coleta de informações ocorreu nos bancos de dados das secretarias escolares destas unidades técnicas e analisadas através do uso das ferramentas da estatística, sendo os resultados, posteriormente, projetados para toda a rede Faetec.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS PRÁTICAS DOCENTES, DAS METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO, DA INSUFICIÊNCIA DE APRENDIZAGEM E DA DESATUALIZAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA NA EVASÃO ESCOLAR DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL TÉCNICA DA FAETEC
Authors: Nunes Silva Margareth , Monteiro da Silva Maria Aparecida
Published: January 2024

A presente publicação expõe a análise de um dos objetivos específicos da pesquisa: “Evasão na Educação Profissional Técnica de Jovens e Adultos: o caso da Instituição Pública Estatal Fundação de Apoio à Escola Técnica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAETEC, que investigou como as práticas docentes, a insuficiência de aprendizado no ensino fundamental em disciplinas como matemática e português, as metodologias de ensino e a distância entre a inovação tecnológica que o mercado de trabalho solicita e o que a Instituição escolar oferece, influenciam no processo de evasão escolar, nessa modalidade de ensino.  Concluiu-se que: os docentes estão desatualizados tecnicamente, tecnologicamente, pedagogicamente, no entanto, são comprometidos e proativos com o ensino técnico de nível médio; a má prática docente e a insuficiência de aprendizagem em disciplinas sustentáculos das disciplinas técnicas afetam negativamente o índice de evasão; a metodologia de horário integral, as disciplinas teóricas e práticas são adequadas ao mercado de trabalho mas, o quantitativo de disciplinas e os laboratórios técnicos foram apontados como inadequados ao ensino profissionalizante técnico; a matriz curricular não afeta o índice de evasão escolar e a pandemia da covid-19 aumentou, consideravelmente, esse o índice. A coleta e análise de informações, na abordagem qualitativa, foi realizada através de entrevista semiestruturada com uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin.
Simultaneous determination of nicotinamide mononucleotide, niacinamide, and nicotinic acid in health supplements using liquid chromatography method
Authors: Vu Thi Nhat Le , Vu Thi Trang , Tran Thi Bich Thao ,   National Institute for Food Control, Hanoi, Vietnam,   National Institute for Food Control, Hanoi, Vietnam,   Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to develop and validate an HPLC-PDA method for simultaneous quantification of three compounds: nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), nicotinic acid, and niacinamide in dietary supplements. The sample preparation procedure was simple, fast, and used environmentally green extracted solvents. The HPLC conditions were as follows: C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm); mobile phase: 10 mM phosphate buffer pH = 3: methanol (90:10, v/v), UV detection at wavelength 261 nm. The method met the AOAC criteria for validation, including selectivity, linearity (R2> 0.999 for all analytes in the range of 0.1-50.0 µg/mL), sensitivity (LOD: 0.4-0.45 mg/kg for NMN, 0.1-0.61 mg/kg for nicotinic acid, and 0.1-0.6 mg/kg for niacinamide; LOQ: 1.3-1.5 mg/kg for NMN, 0.49-2.00 mg/kg for nicotinic acid, and 0.47-1.90 mg/kg for niacinamide), accuracy (recovery: 95.5-103.0 % for NMN, 92.5-104.1 % for nicotinic acid, and 95.3-103.8 % for niacinamide), precision (RSDr: 0.54-3.79 % for NMN, 0.39-4.82 % for nicotinic acid, and 0.81-5.14% for niacinamide; RSDR: 1.03-3.70 % for NMN, 1.75-4.10 % for nicotinic acid, and 1.83-4.48 % for niacinamide). The method was successfully applied to analyze 20 supplement products collected in Hanoi.
Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği Olan Hastalarda Psikolojik Sağlamlık, Algılanan Sosyal Destek ve Depresyon ile Tedaviye Uyum Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Demirel Merve , Sukut Özge
Published: January 2024

Giriş: Kronik böbrek yetmezliğinde tedavinin uzun sürmesi ve hastalığın yaşamda ciddi kısıtlamalara yol açması tedaviye uyum sürecini etkileyebilmektedir.
Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, kronik böbrek yetmezliği olan hastalarda psikolojik sağlamlık, depresyon, algılanan sosyal destek ile tedaviye uyum arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı araştırma, Ekim 2020 - Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’daki bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde 397 hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler Bilgi Formu, Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ve Morisky Tedaviye Uyum Ölçeği ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Pearson korelasyon testi ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Kronik böbrek yetmezliği tanısı alan hastaların psikolojik sağlamlık puan ortalamasının 119,23 ± 25,49 olduğu, %58,5’inin depresyon belirtileri gösterdiği, algılanan sosyal destek puanlarının 66,90 ± 12,34 ve %18,63’ünün tedaviye uyumu olduğu bulundu. Psikolojik sağlamlık değişkeninin %6,8 (R = 0,261; R2 = 0,068; F = 28,968; p < 0,001), algılanan sosyal destek değişkeninin % 4,7 (R = 0,217; R2 = 0,047; F = 19,412; p < 0,001), depresyon değişkenin %10,7 (R = 0,327; R2 = 0,105; F = 47,230; p < 0,001) oranında hastaların tedaviye uyumunu etkilediği bulundu.
Sonuç: Kronik böbrek yetmezliği tanısı alan hastaların psikolojik sağlamlığının orta düzeyde olduğu, yarısından fazlasının depresyon yaşadığı, sosyal desteklerinin yüksek olduğu ve çoğunluğunun tedaviye uyumsuz olduğu bulundu.
Tráfico internacional de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual: o mercado humano
Authors: Diniz Sarah Fonseca , Gonçalves Jonas Rodrigo , Costa Danilo da
Published: January 2024

Este artigo aborda as questões do tráfico internacional de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual: o mercado humano. Investigou o seguinte problema: “Como o Estado pode intervir para combater esse crime?”. Cogitou a seguinte hipótese “a omissão normativa e social que existe no tráfico de pessoas”. O objetivo geral é “entender e apontar os problemas existentes e descobrir o conceito de exploração sexual”. Os objetivos específicos são: “descobrir o modus operandi de cada aliciador”; as rotas percorridas pelas vítimas até seu destino final”; e “analisar o Protocolo de Palermo”. Este trabalho é importante para um operador do Direito devido a esse delito ser o terceiro crime organizado mais lucrativo no mundo. Para a ciência, é relevante por apontar questões pertinentes pelas Convenções Internacionais, atribuindo uma relevância social e moral atinente ao caso. É imprescindível para a sociedade para conhecer melhor tal delito e retratar para a população as circunstâncias em que se encontram as vítimas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa teórica com duração de seis meses.
Compreendendo os itinerários terapêuticos de pessoas com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei: invisibilidade e vulnerabilidade
Authors: Da Silva Campos Bruno , Sodré Francis , Cardozo Rocon Pablo
Published: January 2024

Nessa pesquisa, consideramos o Itinerário Terapêutico (IT) como o curso de ação que a pessoa com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei percorre ao ingressar no sistema de justiça criminal através da Audiência de Custódia (AC), e que caminhos são desenvolvidos em busca de cuidados, dentro do contexto envolvendo saúde e justiça. A pesquisa de carater qualitativo, foi realizada com 03 pessoas em sofrimento psíquico que foram  autuadas em flagrante delito e levadas até a AC na região metropolitana de Vitória (ES/Brasil). Os resultados/discussão foram descritos a partir dos três casos denominados: Maradona e o pedido inusitado ao juiz; Zico entre o ambíguo registro no auto de prisão em flagrante e o apoio familiar, e por fim; Garrincha e seu irmão advogando pela sua prisão. Conclui-se que autilização dos IT como ferramenta avaliativa permitiu um novo olhar diante do problema envolvendo saúde e justiça, dando lugar de fala aos autuados, buscando identificar as reais e mais urgentes necessidades dessas pessoas.
O povo Wai Wai no enfrentamento e organização frente a emergência sanitária
Authors: Wai WAi Ezequiel Sakew , Braga Jefferson de Carvalho , Nascimento Monique Teresa Amoras , Santos Dayanne de Nazaré dos , Lima Nyvia Cristina dos Santos , Castro Nádile Juliane Costa de
Published: January 2024

Estudo teve como objetivo mapear ações de organização e enfrentamento a pandemia da Covid-19 envolvendo o povo Wai Wai. Pesquisa documental, com coleta e análise de dados utilizando como objeto do estudo as ações com o povo Wai Wai apoiado na análise temática e nos conceitos de organização social. Identificou-se 10 publicações do qual emergiram os seguintes núcleos: (1) Papel dos órgãos e entidades para controle e prevenção da Covid-19, (2) Organização da comunidade (3) Sentimentos frente à pandemia e o direito ao rito. O estudo apontou os processos que envolveram o adoecimento, morte e luto.
Por uma Antropologia do Cinema: performance, gênero e territorialidades políticas no contemporâneo
Authors: Silva Marcos Aurélio da
Published: January 2024

O presente ensio foi extraído do relatório de estágio pós-doutoral realizado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social (PPGAS) da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), num período de 45 meses, de 1º de junho de 2014 a 31 de março de 2018. Nesse período, fui professor permanente e pesquisador associado do PPGAS, com atuação direta no curso de Mestrado e no Núcleo de Antropologia e Saberes Plurais (NAPlus), com a realização de pesquisa, ensino e extensão. Em relação à pesquisa, o projeto foi um desdobramento de minha pesquisa de doutorado (SILVA, 2012), em que investiguei um festival de cinema da diversidade sexual, o Mix Brasil, realizado em São Paulo desde 1993. A ideia inicial desta pesquisa de pós-doutorado foi ampliar o foco de análise para outros festivais do mesmo tipo, no Brasil, e pensar em que medida os festivais de cinema tornam-se dispositivos contemporâneos de produção de subjetividades, diretamente ligados aos campos de poder/saber que circunscrevem gênero e sexualidade, ao mesmo tempo em que são desdobramentos das políticas de representação contemporâneas, mais precisamente as que se conectam às movimentações LGBT das últimas décadas.
De-construindo as categorias clássicas de uma coleçao etnográfica: Uma experiência colaborativa com as peças do Grande Chaco do Museu de La Plata
Authors: Canzani Ana Inés
Published: January 2024

Neste artigo se apresentam as reflexões em torno à construção de categorias etnográficas associadas às peças da coleção Gran Chaco do Museo de La Plata. Junto com um líder da comunidade Toba/Qom, se desenvolve uma prática de etnografia colaborativa, trabalhando as narrativas associadas aos objetos do acervo. Partindo da co-elaboração de um catálogo participativo, se colocam em debate as categorias construidas na primeira etapa do trabalho e o valor da análise qualitativa para a de-construção dos  supostos e da abertura a novas questões.
Negritude, reconhecimento e patrimonialização do marabaixo no Amapá
Authors: Silva José Maria
Published: January 2024

O artigo aborda o processo de reconhecimento e patrimonialização do marabaixo no estado do Amapá. Trata-se de uma manifestação cultural praticada por populações negras das áreas urbana e rural. O artigo analisa como os praticantes dessa manifestação articularam a memória do passado, em que lembram episódios de preconceito e discriminação, para reivindicar a sua valorização. Deste modo, o trabalho examina processos e eventos que possibilitaram a formação de um contexto positivo para o reconhecimento do marabaixo como patrimônio imaterial estadual e nacional.
“A gente não pode ir lá atrás” : o quintal, os trabalhadores do lixão e a escola comunitária de educação infantil
Authors: Silva Bernardes Vanessa , Forell Leandro , Gazzotti Mayboroda Fabiana
Published: January 2024

Algumas das importantes contribuições dos estudos, antropológicos e sociológicos da criança e das infâncias é considerar a agência das crianças e, reconhecer a infância na sua pluralidade. Apresentamos o ensaio fotográfico artesanal constituído a partir de uma etnografia com crianças da escola comunitária de Educação Infantil, localizada dentro de um aterro sanitário, representado emicamente como Lixão, no litoral norte gaúcho, Brasil. Os estranhamentos reverberaram da costura artesanal apreendidas na pluralidade dos olhares e lentes das crianças em diálogo com as singularidades do contexto, revelando subjetividades dos interlocutores – crianças e os/as trabalhadores/as – no cotidiano da escola comunitária de Educação Infantil e do lixão, de modo indissociável.
Apresentação ao dossiê
Authors: Rotman Monica , Gil Braga Sérgio Ivan , Castells Alicia Norma González de
Published: January 2024

É com satisfação que apresentamos aos leitores da Revista Aceno, o dossiê Processos de patrimonialização e suas articulações no contexto latino-americano, organizado por professores pesquisadores do Brasil e da Argentina. Há tempos que as questões relacionadas ao patrimônio cultural têm despertado o interesse dos investigadores e protagonistas da cultura. É cada vez mais necessário fomentar o intercâmbio entre os estudiosos, dar a conhecer e comparar diferentes realidades dos processos de patrimonialização da cultura. O nosso esforço foi o de reunir ações circunscritas ao Brasil e alguns países latino-americanos, com vistas a refletir e apreender com as experiências que reunimos nessa coletânea.
Understanding the relationship between fear of pandemics and hotel visit intention: A multiple mediation model
Authors: GÜNEŞ Harun Mirac , BASGOZE Pinar
Published: January 2024

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is evident that pandemics entail significant and far-reaching economic and psychosocial consequences globally. This study seeks to examine the psychological impact of the fear of pandemics on the tourism sector by investigating the relationship between the Fear of COVID-19 and hotel visit intentions. Employing a multiple mediation model, we aim to enhance our understanding and specifically focus on the mediating roles of tourism based risks (destination risk, health risk, and travel risk) and purchase-based risk perception in a pandemic situation. The study draws on quantitative data obtained from travelers through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that, although fear of COVID-19 heightens tourism based risks and purchase-based risk perceptions, it concurrently diminishes hotel visit intentions. The authors propose a model to guide hotel managers and provide a concise summary of practical and strategic recommendations. It is noteworthy that the impact of the fear of COVID-19 on hotel service purchase intention, mediated by risk perception and various travel risk types, remains underexplored in the existing literature. Hence, the authors present a model that is particularly relevant for hotel managers, compressing practical and strategic insights.
Predictive Maintenance for Construction Equipment using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: P. Rohith  , Mr. P A. Prabakaran  , Mr. A. Aswin Bharath  , Ms. U. Sindhu Vaardini
Published: January 2024

Efficient maintenance of construction equipment plays an essential role in ensuring optimal functionality, reducing downtime, and enhancing safety on job sites. Playing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques in construction equipment maintenance introduces a standard shift in traditional maintenance strategies. This paper explores the application of AI and ML algorithms in predictive maintenance, fault detection, and condition monitoring of heavy machinery used in construction. By harnessing data-driven insights, these technologies enable real-time monitoring of equipment health, facilitating timely identification of potential failures or performance degradation. Furthermore, the integration of AI-driven maintenance systems optimizes equipment utilization, minimizes unplanned downtime, and enhances overall operational efficiency. This research underscores the significance of AI and ML methodologies in developing construction equipment maintenance, paving the way for cost-effective, proactive, and predictive maintenance strategies in the construction industry
Dampak Sekolah Gratis terhadap Kualitas Pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam
Authors: Utami Latifah Kurnia , Mahmudin Afif Syaiful
Published: January 2024

Pentingnya pendidikan yang berkualitas dalam membangun masyarakat yang berkontribusi terhadap pembangunan nasional. Kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini masih rendah. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi dalam kualitas pendidikan adalah faktor ekonomi dan dana anggaran. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah mencanangkan program wajib belajar dan program sekolah gratis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) kualitas pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam, (2) dampak positif dan negatif sekolah gratis terhadap kualitas pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam dan (3) solusi untuk meminimalisir dampak negatif sekolah gratis terhadap kualitas pendidikan di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) kualitas pendidikan sangat baik terlihat pada setiap komponen pendidikan, baik input, proses, maupun output, (2) dampak positifnya adalah memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik yang kurang mampu namun memiliki prestasi akademik dan non akademik yang baik untuk belajar di SMA Negeri 1 Pagar Alam, sedangkan dampak negatif terhadap kualitas pendidikan tidak ada, dan (3) solusi untuk meminimalisir dampak negatif sekolah gratis terhadap kualitas pendidikan adalah dengan cara berkoordinasi dengan orang tua dan wali, memantau tingkat keberhasilan siswa dan memanfaatkan sarana dan prasarana yang ada secara maksimal.
The Effects of Servant Leadership, Supervision Competence, and Work Loyalty on Teacher Performance
Authors: Atun Waldatun Thai' , Hanafi M. Syadeli , Faturohman Nandang , Erlangga Fajar
Published: January 2024

The primary emphasis of teacher performance lies in the strategies employed by educators to proactively enhance the academic achievements of their students. The aim of the research is to examine the relationship between servant leadership, supervisory competence, and teacher work loyalty on teacher performance. This research uses survey methodology, the research sample is 19 school principals and 81 public elementary school teachers in Ciwandan District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The sampling technique was carried out by random sampling. The data collection instrument for this investigation was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using PLS path modeling. The results of the research show that servant leadership has a significant effect (p<0.05) on supervision competence, supervision competence has no significant effect (p>0.05) on teacher performance, servant leadership has a significant effect (p<0.05) on teacher performance , and work loyalty have a significant effect on teacher performance. Future research is expected to produce a servant leadership paradigm to encourage the growth of teacher performance for the benefit of the school. The implications of this research finding may provide a useful means for principals to self-reflect on their leadership, thereby improving the overall quality of their educational leadership institutions.
Multidrug-Resistant Organisms and Their Association with Risk Factors; A Study at the Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Sarwar Mariam , Fuad Ahmad Siddiqi  , Salman Riaz  , Ammad Hasan Chaudhry  , Muhammad Hassan  , Ashfaq Hussain
Published: January 2024

Objective: To investigate rates of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) infection, their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, and risk factors for acquisition of such infections at a Tertiary-Care Hospital ICU.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Adult Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2022.
Methodology: All patients admitted to adult ICU who developed signs/symptoms of infection after 48 hours of admission were investigated. Microbiological diagnosis was done via standard microbiological practices, and if the patient had acquired an MDRO infection, it was included in the study.
Results: During the study, 92 patients acquired MDRO infection in total. The most common source was blood (43.5%). The most common organisms isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.7%), Acinetobacter baumannii (20.7%) and Pseudomonasaeruginosa (17.4%). The highest percentage of resistance among Gram-positive organisms was exhibited to Penicillin and Co-amoxiclav (91%). Gram-negative isolates exhibited high overall resistance to all used antibiotic classes. The least frequency of resistance was recorded for Tigecycline (1%) against Klebsiella pneumoniae and 33% against Escherichia coli, while 32% Acinetobacter baumannii and 25% Pseudomonas aeruginosa were Colistin/Polymyxin resistant; none of the Klebsiella pneumoniae showed Colistin resistance.
Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance in our setup was high among Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. The most common risk factor was central line placement among the patients, highlighting the importance of infection control measures and the need to implement infection control bundles to circumvent infections due to invasive devices.
Pattern of Bacterial Infections in Paediatric Patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia
Authors: Chaudhry Shakeel Ahmad , Ghafoor Tariq , Batool Syeda Maher , Khalil Sumaira , Farah Tanzeela
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the frequency of bacterial infections and their sensitivity to various antibiotics in paediatric cancer patients having chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Paediatric Oncology ward, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul 2018 to Jan 2019.
Methodology: A total of 205 children aged one year to 12 years undergoing chemotherapy and having neutropenic fever were included. Complete history, full physical examination and related blood, microbiological and radiological investigations were undertaken. Antibiotics were given as per protocol.
Results: In our study, the bacterial infections in paediatric cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia was found in 45(21.95%) patients. Of these, gram-positive organisms were found in 25(55.5%) patients and gram-negative in 20(44.4%).
Conclusion: The frequency of bacterial infections in paediatric patients with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia is quite high, with a high percentage of gram-positive bacteria.
Effects of Multi-modal Therapeutic Approach in Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Shaheen Farah , Bashir Muhammad Salman , Anwar Naveed , Manzoor Nosheen , Khalid Kehkshan , Tauqeer Sana
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the effect of Mechanical cervical traction and Laser therapy along with isometric neck exercises in cervical radiculopathy patients.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Kannan Physiotherapy and Spine Clinic, Lahore Pakistan, from Jul to Dec 2020.
Methodology: The study included cervical radiculopathy patients with symptoms for over two weeks. The diagnosis was confirmed by the orthopaedic department. The subjects were allocated to two equal groups by lottery method. Group-A Received Laser therapy with isometric neck exercises, and Group-B received mechanical traction with isometric neck exercises. The neck disability index, numeric pain rating scale and patient-specific function scale were used to collect data, which was analyzed using SPSS-22.
Results: Out of the 128 patients, 64(50%) were in each of the two groups. The overall mean age was 41.95±36.50years, and 76(59.4%) participants were male. After three weeks of treatment sessions, statistically significant improvement was found in decreasing pain within group B having mechanical traction along isometric neck exercises (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study concluded that both treatment techniques, Laser therapy with isometric neck exercises and mechanical traction with isometric neck exercises, effectively decreased pain; however, mechanical traction with isometric neck exercises was superior.
Evaluation of Nitric Oxide Activity of Torilis Leptophyllain Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice
Authors: Batool Saba , Noreen Saima , Malik Tooba , Fatima Javaria , Shaheen Bushra , Qammar Sheikh Maria
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the Nitric Oxide activity of Torilis leptophylla in Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in mice.
Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Pharmacology Department, University of Health Sciences, Lahore Pakistan, from Jan to Dec2016.
Methodology: Thirty-six adult healthy male BALB/C mice with a weight range of 25-35 g were equally divided into six groups and designated as Group-I (Control), Group-II (Positive Control), Groups III to V (Torilis leptophylla extract trial Groups) and Group-VI (Omeprazole). Gastric ulceration was induced by a single dose of Indomethacin (20mg/kg) in Groups II–VI. The plant extract was administered in Groups III-V (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) whereas Omeprazole (3mg/kg) in Group-VI by gavage daily for three days as treatment of gastric ulceration. Nitric Oxide content was measured in gastric juice and serum of all groups by Nitric Oxide assay kit.
Results: The positive Control-Group showed little Nitric Oxide in gastric juice and serum. Torilis leptophylla treated Groups (100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) showed significantly raised Nitric Oxide content in both gastric juice and serum than the Control Group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The study has determined that Torilis leptophylla possesses antiulcer and mucosal protective effects owing to the antioxidant activity of nitric oxide. This supports the use of the plant for the treatment of gastric ulcers.
Frequency of FLT3/ITD Mutation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia presenting at Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi
Authors: Babar Anil , Ahmad Riaz , Piracha Muhammad Nadeem , Amin Zulfiqar Ali , Raza Ahmed , Zargham Anum
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of FLT3/ITD mutation in patients of Acute myeloid leukaemia presenting at Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Oncology Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2020.
Methodology: A sample of 46 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia was included using a non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. Genetic testing was done on all blood samples to identify FLT3-ITD mutation.
Results: Out of 46, 10(21.7%) were females and 36(78.3%) were males. The FLT3/ITD mutation frequency in our study sample was 10(21.7%), with all in de-novo AML patients and none in secondary AML. White cell count (55x109), bone marrow blasts (85%) and peripheral smear blasts (75%) were high in the FLT3-ITD mutated group in comparison to the non-mutated group.
Conclusion: Timely detection of FLT3/ITD mutation and an amplification of induction therapy would benefit this group of patients.
The Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Neutropenia and Mortality in Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Hassan Syed Arsalan , Ahmed Zeeshan , Syed Uneeba , Nadeem Muhammad Tariq , Khushdil Arshad
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adjuvant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) therapy in neonatal sepsis.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, Mar 2019 to Mar 2020.
Methodology: Thirty neonates (15 cases and 15 controls) were randomly selected for this study. The Interventional Group was given GM-CSF and standard-of-care treatment; the Control Group only received standard care. Both groups were followed for the primary outcome (i.e., discharge or death). Secondary outcomes included the effects of GM-CSF on haematological parameters of neonatal sepsis.
Results: The mean gestational age of the children was 33.46±2.47 weeks. In the Interventional-Group, 56.7% of the neonates were discharged with the resolution of the sepsis. There was no significant difference concerning the secondary outcome, but the mortality was higher in the neonates among the Control-Group (p-value>0.05).
Conclusion: Our study showed no difference in mortality between the Interventional and the Control Groups. The GM-CSF therapy could be used as an adjuvant therapy in neonates with neonatal sepsis to increase the total leukocyte and absolute neutrophil counts. Further studies are needed to holistically chart the clinical benefit of GM-CSF adjuvant therapy.
Plasma Glycosaminoglycans (GAGS) Levels as a Biomarker in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Mumtaz Hamayun , Aamir Muhammad , Khalid Usama Bin , Khan Faraz Basharat , Bibi Afshan , Haroon Zujaja Hina
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of plasma Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), taking histological findings as the reference standard.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep 2020 to Jun 2021.
Methodology: The study comprised sixty-two (62) diagnosed cases of RCC. All the patients had nephrectomy, and histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis. Plasma samples for GAG levels were collected in EDTA tubes and assayed by manual ELISA. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) was calculated.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 52.7+10.5 years. At a cut-off of 34 ng/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of plasma GAG levels were 83.9% and 94.2%, respectively, in diagnosing RCC taking biopsy as a gold standard. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) at this cut-off were 93.7% and 84.9% respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for plasma GAG levels was 0.97, which further supported the use of this test in diagnosing RCC.
Conclusion: Plasma GAG levels can be used as a promising diagnostic test in patients with RCC. It can prove relatively more convenient and cost-effective for diagnosing such cases.
Concordance of Dermoscopic Findings and Wood’s Lamp Findings in Melasma Patients
Authors: Nasar Amna , Aamir Habib  , Qamar Ud Din  , Summaya Saleem  , Sadaf Jamshaid  , Usman Sajid
Published: January 2024

Objective: To find the concordance of Dermoscopic and Wood’s lamp findings in melasma patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan, from Nov 2020 to Sep 2021.
Methodology: A total of sixty patients clinically classified as melasma were enrolled in the study. Clinical assessment was done, and patients were examined with Wood’s lamp and Dermoscope, and findings were recorded.
Results: The results of concordance of Wood’s lamp findings and Dermoscopic findings were significant as analysed by Kappa Statistics where value of k was 0.597 and p-value was <0.001.
Conclusion: Dermoscopy is a newer and more advanced tool. It should be used as a screening and diagnostic tool for melasma and other pigmentation disorders in our Outpatient Departments for earlier subtyping of melasma, deciding the treatment choice and predicting prognosis.
Long-Term Results in the Treatment of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head with Free Vascularized Fibular Graft
Authors: Bibi Noshi , Mamoon Rashid  , Sohail Hafeez  , Saad ur Rehman  , Haroon ur Rashid  , Sakina Malik
Published: January 2024

Objective: to evaluate outcomes of vascularized fibula flap used for Avascular necrosis of femoral head. Outcomes were recorded by post-operative Harris hip and radiological improvement of the femoral head.
Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020.
Methodology: Cases were recruited from 2005-2018 (SIH) performed by the same Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgeon. Data from 30 patients was reviewed. Ethical approval and consent of the patient were taken before the utilization of their data.
Results: A total of 30 patients were included, comprising 27(90%) males and 3(10%) females. The mean age was 28.3± years. Pre-operative Harris Hip scores were fair in 17(56.7%) and poor in 13(43.3%) patients. Post operatively these scores improvedv and were noted to be excellent in 10(33.3%), good in 18(60%) and fair in 2(6,7%) patients. Radiological improvement was seen in 20(80%) patients, 8(23.3%) showed no change and 2(6.7%) went into progression. The radiological improvement was significantly associated with aetiology (p=0.004) and Avascular necrosis of HIP (p=0.007).
Conclusion: A vascularized fibular graft is an effective treatment option for avascular necrosis of the femoral head in terms of improved radiological outcomes and post-operative Harris Hip scores.
Thirty-day Morbidity and Mortality after Radical Cystectomy in Carcinoma Urinary Bladder; A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Ahmad Anwaar , Muhammad Rafiq Zafar  , Ali Adnan , Riaz Omer , Arif Abdul Jabbar , Sufyan Abu
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the 30-day morbidity and mortality after radical cystectomy in carcinoma urinary bladder using a validated system.
Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal study.
Place and Duration of study: Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2016 to Jul 2021.
Methodology: After Institutional Ethical Review Board approval, data of all patients of carcinoma urinary bladder who underwent radical cystectomy during five years at Armed Forces Institute of Urology, was collected. Data was retrieved retrospectively from the hospital operative database, indoor patient records and by contacting the patients on their given telephone numbers.
Results: In the study population (n=39), a male preponderance was found (36,92.3%). Mean age was 56.7±8.96 years (range 32-72). 26(66.7%) patients were smokers and 16(41%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 9(23.7%) patients had Clavien-DindoGrade-I complications, 6(15.38%) had Grade-II, 2(5.12%) had Grade- IIIA, 2(5.12%) Grade IIIB, 1(2.56%) Grade-IVA, 1(2.56%)had Grade IVB, 2(5.12%) had Grade V complications. The total complications were 23(58.97%), and 16(41.03%) patients had nopost-operative complications. 21(53.85%) patients had less than 14 days post-op operative hospital stay, and 18(46.15%) hadmore than 14 days post-op operative hospital stay.
Conclusion: Radical cystectomy is still associated with high early post-op mortality and morbidity. Careful patient selection and thorough counselling before the procedure are very important.
Quality of Life: Mental and Physical Satisfaction after Abdominoplasty
Authors: Khan Sikandar Ali , Ali Ghazanfar , Tariq Mohammad , Shah Muhammad Akmal , Ahmed Muzafar , Aslam Muhammad Sohail
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the impact of abdominoplasty on quality of life.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of study: Psychiatry Department and Plastic Surgery Department, Combined Military Hospital, MultanPakistan, from Nov 2019 to Apr 2021.
Methodology: We recruited 88 patients who were given a specifically designed proforma to fill before surgery and six months after the surgery. The proforma contained questions prepared to assess specific parameters. Demographic variables, general health, expectations from the operation, satisfaction with the outcome and any adverse outcomes of the operation were recorded. WHOQOL Bref for Life Satisfaction and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) were administered.
Results: The mean patient age was 41.43±11.24 years. 68(78%) patients belonged to rural areas, while 19(22%) were from urban dwellings. Regarding body mass index (BMI), 43(49.6%) patients had obesity Class-I, 33(37.4%) were overweight, 8(9.4%) had obesity Class-II, and only 4(3.6%) fell into the category of obesity Class-III. There was high satisfaction post-operatively after abdominoplasty surgery. There were improvements in Quality of Life (p<0.001), depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p=0.01).
Conclusion: This study highlighted that abdominoplasty reduces psychological distress by reducing depression and anxiety; in addition, there is an improvement in the general perception of quality of health and life.
Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type-2 A Case Report on a Rare Disease
Authors: Hassan Wahaj Ul , Farid Ummarah Zafar , Ali Kamran , Naseer Umer
Published: January 2024

Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS) are rare disorders involving multiple endocrine and non-endocrine organs. These are often difficult to diagnose, as the clinical presentation of these is insidious. We present a case where a 29-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department in a state of altered sensorium with a history of focal seizures. His clinical presentation further included hypotension, malaise, and diplopia. A detailed workup revealed multiple endocrine gland involvement, and a diagnosis of APS was made.
Effects of Estrogen on Histomorphology Steroid-Induced Avascular Necrosis of Head of Femur in Male Rats
Authors: Iqbal Sadaf , Shabnam Hamid  , Faiza Umbreen  , Mahwash Azam  , Ayesha Ali  , Maroosh Mirza
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To study the effects of estrogen administration on histomorphology of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in male rats.
Study Design: Lab-based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi (NUMS), in collaboration with the National Institute of Health Islamabad, (NIH) Pakistan from Aug to Nov 2021.
Methodology: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats, three months of age, weighing 200-300 gm, were selected. Rats were equally divided into three groups. Group-A served as a control group in which no intervention was made, and the rats were fed on a standard lab diet. Groups B and C served as experimental groups. In Groups B and C, avascular necrosis was induced by steroids for the first week of the study. Group C along with steroids also received tab estrogen by oral gavage for eight weeks, starting from the fifth week of the study till the twelfth week of the study. All the rats were sacrificed after the completion of the experimental period. The microscopic parameters like cortical thickness and percentage of the empty lacunae were counted.
Results: Histomorphological changes were observed when the comparison was made between Group B, Control Group A, and Experimental Groups B and C with statistically significant results (p-value 0.001).
Conclusion: Estrogen helps in fracture healing and shows improvement in cortical and trabecular strength. It has shown improvement in the cortical thickness measurement after avascular necrosis causes a decrease in the thickness.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Children using Chest X-RAY as Gold Standard
Authors: Nosheen Sadiq  , Iftikhar Ammara , Tahir Myra , Mahmood Rashid , Awan Aamir Aslam , Uzair Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children using chest x-ray as the gold standard.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Sialkot Pakistan, from Feb to Aug 2021
Methodology: All patients underwent clinical examination, chest radiograph (anterior-posterior view), lung ultrasound and blood sample analysis in the first 24 hours after admission. A pre-specified hospital radiologist carried out a lung ultrasound. The examination was performed with the patient sitting upright or supine. The presence of pneumonia on x-ray and USG were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of pneumonia by taking chest x-ray as the gold standard was calculated in all the study participants.
Results: In this study, 262 patients with clinical features of pneumonia were enrolled. The mean age of the study participants was 3.27±2.344 years. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy and frequency of lung ultrasonography (US) vs chest radiography (CR) in diagnosing pneumonia was 95.28%, 87.5%, 99.59%, 36.84%, 95.04% and 96.95% respectively.
Conclusion: Lung ultrasound emerged as a sensitive diagnostic tool to diagnose pneumonia in children. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value all favoured the use of this modality to diagnose pneumonia in paediatric patients.
Initial Experience of Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatic Resections: A Single Institution Study with Fifteen Consecutive Cases
Authors: Bakhtiar Nighat , Shakeel Osama , Begum Saleema , Kabir Syed Irfan , Syed Aamir Ali
Published: January 2024

Objective: To review the initial experience of outcomes of a consecutive series of laparoscopic distal pancreatic resections are performed at a dedicated cancer hospital.
Study Design: Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgical Oncology at Tertiary Care Hospital, from Mar 2013 to Feb 2021.
Methodology: A retrospective review of consecutive series of patients in which distal laparoscopic pancreatic resections were performed. Data was collected through the Hospital information system (HIS), an electronic hospital database. All patients were discussed in a multidisciplinary team prior to surgery.
Results: Fifteen patients, including 4(26.6%) males with a mean age of 49.27±15.2, were planned for laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Pathologically, 12(80%) tumours were malignant, while three were benign. The procedure was converted to open in 3 patients. The mean operating time was 4.6±0.57 hours, with an estimated blood loss of around 183±28. 8mls.Mean hospital stay was 5.3±1.5 days. One patient developed a Grade A pancreatic fistula. Recurrence in the liver occurred in two patients, which was managed by systemic adjuvant therapy. However, one of them died later on because of sepsis.
Conclusion: A laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is a safe approach for distal pancreatic tumours, with minimal complications and fast recovery in appropriate cases.
Correlation of Handgrip Strength with Thumb Flexibility, Strength and Pain in Manual Therapists
Authors: Riaz Saba , Mazhar Tooba , Riaz Sumbal , Batool Ayesha , Khan Awishba , Khan Sadia
Published: January 2024

Objective: To find the correlation bwteen hand grip strength with thumb muscle strength, flexibility and thumb pain in manual therapists and to find out the variation of these variables in healthy manual therapists.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Society of Rehabilitation and Disability, Jinnah Hospital, Ittefaq Hospital, and Riphah University Pakistan, from Nov 2021 to Jan 2022.
Methodology: One hundred thirty-five manual therapists were enrolled. Informed consent was taken from participants meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. The questionnaire was filled out using a Dynamometer for Handgrip strength check, a Manual Muscle testing technique for Thumb muscle strength check, a Numeric pain rating scale for Pain intensity, and Goniometry for Flexibility of the Thumb muscles.
Results: Results showed that most manual therapists had no wrist pain (99,73.3%) or thumb pain (104,77%). The majority of therapists (116 ,85.9%), had less than normal grip strength of hand, and 58(43%) had maximum thumb strength. There was a positive correlation between grip strength and thumb strength (r=0.234). There was a negative correlation between grip strength and thumb pain (r=-0.077).
Conclusion: The study concluded that most manual therapists did not suffer from wrist and thumb pain. The majority had good thumb muscle strength but poor hand grip strength. Thumb strength positively correlates with grip strength, while thumb pain negatively correlates with handgrip strength.