bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
p21 Ablation in Liver Enhances DNA Damage, Cholestasis, and Carcinogenesis
Authors: Ehedego Haksier , Boekschoten Mark V. , Hu Wei , Doler Carina , Haybaeck Johannes , Gaβler Nikolaus , Müller Michael , Liedtke Christian , Trautwein Christian
Published: January 2015

Genetic mouse studies suggest that the NF-κB pathway regulator NEMO (also known as IKKγ) controls chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis in the liver. However, the molecular mechanisms explaining the function of NEMO are not well defined. Here, we report that overexpression of the cell-cycle regulator p21 is a critical feature of liver inflammation and carcinogenesis caused by the loss of NEMO. NEMOΔhepa mice develop chronic hepatitis characterized by increased hepatocyte apoptosis and proliferation that causes the development of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), similar to the situation in human liver disease. Having identified p21 overexpression in this model, we evaluated its role in disease progression and LPS-mediated liver injury in double mutant NEMOΔhepa/p21−/− mice. Eight-week-old NEMOΔhepa/p21−/− animals displayed accelerated liver damage that was not associated with alterations in cell-cycle progression or the inflammatory response. However, livers from NEMOΔhepa/p21−/− mice displayed more severe DNA damage that was further characterized by LPS administration correlating with higher lethality of the animals. This phenotype was attenuated by genetic ablation of the TNF receptor TNF-R1 in NEMOΔhepa/p21−/− mice, demonstrating that DNA damage is induced via TNF. One-year-old NEMOΔhepa/p21−/− mice displayed greater numbers of HCC and severe cholestasis compared with NEMOΔhepa animals. Therefore, p21 overexpression in NEMOΔhepa animals protects against DNA damage, acceleration of hepatocarcinogenesis, and cholestasis. Taken together, our findings illustrate how loss of NEMO promotes chronic liver inflammation and carcinogenesis, and they identify a novel protective role for p21 against the generation of DNA damage. Cancer Res; 75(6); 1144–55. ©2015 AACR.
Integrating RAS Status into Prognostic Signatures for Adenocarcinomas of the Lung
Authors: Starmans Maud HW. , Pintilie Melania , Chan-Seng-Yue Michelle , Moon Nathalie C. , Haider Syed , Nguyen Francis , Lau Suzanne K. , Liu Ni , Kasprzyk Arek , Wouters Bradly G. , Der Sandy D. , Shepherd Frances A. , Jurisica Igor , Penn Linda Z. , Tsao Ming-Sound , Lambin Philippe , Boutros Paul C.
Published: January 2015

Purpose: While the dysregulation of specific pathways in cancer influences both treatment response and outcome, few current prognostic markers explicitly consider differential pathway activation. Here we explore this concept, focusing on K-Ras mutations in lung adenocarcinoma (present in 25%–35% of patients).

Experimental Design: The effect of K-Ras mutation status on prognostic accuracy of existing signatures was evaluated in 404 patients. Genes associated with K-Ras mutation status were identified and used to create a RAS pathway activation classifier to provide a more accurate measure of RAS pathway status. Next, 8 million random signatures were evaluated to assess differences in prognosing patients with or without RAS activation. Finally, a prognostic signature was created to target patients with RAS pathway activation.

Results: We first show that K-Ras status influences the accuracy of existing prognostic signatures, which are effective in K-Ras-wild-type patients but fail in patients with K-Ras mutations. Next, we show that it is fundamentally more difficult to predict the outcome of patients with RAS activation (RASmt) than that of those without (RASwt). More importantly, we demonstrate that different signatures are prognostic in RASwt and RASmt. Finally, to exploit this discovery, we create separate prognostic signatures for RASwt and RASmt patients and show that combining them significantly improves predictions of patient outcome.

Conclusions: We present a nested model for integrated genomic and transcriptomic data. This model is general and is not limited to lung adenocarcinomas but can be expanded to other tumor types and oncogenes. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1477–86. ©2015 AACR.
Mechanism and functional impact of CD40 ligand-induced von Willebrand factor release from endothelial cells
Authors: Möller Kerstin , Adolph Oliver , Grünow Jennifer , Elrod Julia , Popa Miruna , Ghosh Subhajit , Schwarz Manuel , Schwale Chrysovalandis , Grässle Sandra , Huck Volker , Bruehl Claus , Wieland Thomas , Schneider Stefan W. , Nobiling Rainer , Wagner Andreas H. , Hecker Markus
Published: January 2015

Co-stimulation via CD154 binding to CD40, pivotal for both innate and adaptive immunity, may also link haemostasis to vascular remodelling. Here we demonstrate that human platelet-bound or recombinant soluble CD154 (sCD154) elicit the release from and tethering of ultra-large (UL) von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers to the surface of human cultured endothelial cells (ECs) exposed to shear stress. This CD40-mediated ULVWF multimer release from the Weibel-Palade bodies was triggered by consecutive activation of TRAF6, the tyrosine kinase c-Src and phospholipase Cγ1 followed by inositol-1,4,5 tris-phosphate-mediated calcium mobilisation. Subsequent exposure to human washed platelets caused ULVWF multimer-platelet string formation on the EC surface in a shear stress-dependent manner. Platelets tethered to these ULVWF multimers exhibited P-selectin on their surface and captured labelled monocytes from the superfusate. When exposed to shear stress and sCD154, native ECs from wild-type but not CD40 or vWF-deficient mice revealed a comparable release of ULVWF multimers to which murine washed platelets rapidly adhered, turning P-selectin-positive and subsequently capturing monocytes from the perfusate. This novel CD154-provoked ULVWF multimerplatelet string formation at normal to fast flow may contribute to vascular remodelling processes requiring the perivascular or intravascular accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages such as arteriogenesis or atherosclerosis.
Peroxisomes in cardiomyocytes and the peroxisome / peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-loop
Authors: Colasante Claudia , Chen Jiangping , Ahlemeyer Barbara , Baumgart-Vogt Eveline
Published: January 2015

It is well established that the heart is strongly dependent on fatty acid metabolism. In cardiomyocytes there are two distinct sites for the β-oxidisation of fatty acids: the mitochondrion and the peroxisome. Although the metabolism of these two organelles is believed to be tightly coupled, the nature of this relationship has not been fully investigated. Recent research has established the significant contribution of mitochondrial function to cardiac ATP production under normal and pathological conditions. In contrast, limited information is available on peroxisomal function in the heart. This is despite these organelles harbouring metabolic pathways that are potentially cardioprotective, and findings that patients with peroxisomal diseases, such as adult Refsum’s disease, can develop heart failure. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview on the current knowledge of peroxisomes and the regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARs in cardiomyocytes. We also present new experimental evidence on the differential expression of peroxisome-related genes in the heart chambers and demonstrate that even a mild peroxisomal biogenesis defect (Pex11α-/- ) can induce profound alterations in the cardiomyocyte’s peroxisomal compartment and related gene expression, including the concomitant deregulation of specific PPARs. The possible impact of peroxisomal dysfunction in the heart is discussed and a model for the modulation of myocardial metabolism via a peroxisome/PPAR-loop is proposed.
Predictors of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalised medical patients
Authors: Spirk David , Nendaz Mathieu , Aujesky Drahomir , Hayoz Daniel , Beer Jürg H. , Husmann Marc , Frauchiger Beat , Korte Wolfgang , Wuillemin Walter A. , Righini Marc , Bounameaux Henri , Kucher Nils
Published: January 2015

summary

Both, underuse and overuse of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalised medical patients is common. We aimed to explore clinical factors associated with the use of pharmacological or mechanical thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients at high (Geneva Risk Score ≥ 3 points) vs low (Geneva Risk Score < 3 points) risk of venous thromboembolism. Overall, 1,478 hospitalised medical patients from eight large Swiss hospitals were enrolled in the prospective Explicit ASsessment of Thromboembolic RIsk and Prophylaxis for Medical PATients in SwitzErland (ESTIMATE) cohort study. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials. gov, number NCT01277536. Thromboprophylaxis increased stepwise with increasing Geneva Risk Score (p< 0.001). Among the 962 high-risk patients, 366 (38 %) received no thromboprophylaxis; cancer-associated thrombocytopenia (OR 4.78, 95 % CI 2.75–8.31, p< 0.001), active bleeding on admission (OR 2.88, 95 % CI 1.69–4.92, p< 0.001), and thrombocytopenia without cancer (OR 2.54, 95 % CI 1.31–4.95, p=0.006) were independently associated with the absence of prophylaxis. The use of thromboprophylaxis declined with increasing severity of thrombocytopenia (p=0.001). Among the 516 low-risk patients, 245 (48 %) received thromboprophylaxis; none of the investigated clinical factors predicted its use. In conclusion, in acutely ill medical patients, bleeding and thrombocytopenia were the most important factors for the absence of thromboprophylaxis among highrisk patients. The use of thromboprophylaxis among low-risk patients was inconsistent, without clearly identifiable predictors, and should be addressed in further research.
EM BUSCA DE UMA SEMÂNTICA DO TEATRO INFANTIL. Algumas reflexões à luz da contemporaneidade
Authors: Leyva Luvel García
Published: January 2015

O teatro infantil, no contexto do teatro contemporâneo, compartilha com outras expressões desta arte - assim como com manifestações estéticas da dança, das artes visuais e do cinema - uma crise de identidade e uma indefinição de seu estatuto epistemológico. Somam-se a isso os fenômenos diferenciais dentro desse campo do teatro, cujas formulações desestruturam qualquer unidade ou homogeneidade do conceito teatro infantil que se tente construir. Não há, portanto, um Teatro Infantil, mas sim diferentes conceitos, identidades, práticas ou disciplinas teatrais que dialogam com as diversas infâncias e suas performances culturais, e que contribuem para a sua definição.
HOJE TEM ESPETÁCULO? TEM! SIM, SENHOR! Dança, teatro e brincadeira na educação infantil
Authors: Correa Cristina Mara , Araújo Hanna Talita Gonçalves Pereira de
Published: January 2015

Este artigo reflete sobre a prática do ensino das artes cênicas e sua pertinência na educação de crianças de até seis anos, como parte integrante do currículo. A discussão parte de experiências que tinham as artes circenses como mote, em uma escola pública de educação infantil da cidade de São Paulo. A metodologia de trabalho é inspirada nos princípios da dança contemporânea, em especial, Rudolf Laban e Isabel Marques. O processo de pesquisa revelou modos que a criança utiliza o corpo como um lugar de invenção na criação lúdica.
PROCESSO DE DRAMA NA PEQUENA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Rodrigues Jeórgia de Fátima , Rosseto Robson
Published: January 2015

Este estudo analisa o desenvolvimento de um processo dramático realizado em um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil - CMEI, com crianças em idade pré-escolar na cidade de Curitiba/PR. A proposta foi baseada na metodologia do professor em ação dramática por meio de experiências estéticas presentes no faz de conta da criança. A partir da vivência como artista/professora, a personagem “Kaka Caveira” conduziu as ações dramáticas com base na interação significativa com crianças dentro de um enfoque processual.
Can Music Supplant Math in Environmental Planning?
Authors: Geem Zong Woo
Published: January 2015

Can music supplant mathematics for planning environmental systems? The author’s research and experience as presented here would indicate as much. First, an optimization problem is formulated where the number of ecological reserves is to be minimized while conserving all species in a region. Next, the author describes a music-inspired optimization algorithm called “harmony search” by focusing on the analogy between music performance and problem optimization. Finally, computational results are shown.
More than Meat and a Motor: The Diverse Biomechanical Roles of Skeletal Muscle and Their Place in ‘Semi-Living’ Machines
Authors: Rubenson Jonas
Published: January 2015

The biomechanical roles of skeletal muscle and their tendons are diverse. Perhaps most intuitively, muscle is regarded as a biological ‘motor’ that provides the work required for accelerating the body and overcoming aero- and hydrodynamic forces. With detailed biomechanical analyses, more intricate roles of the muscle-tendon unit have been uncovered, ranging from energy recyclers, to shock absorbers and capacitors. The functional scope of muscle-tendon tissue makes it an attractive choice for exploring bio-machine integration. Research and cross-disciplinary collaboration at SymbioticA offers a testbed for scientific and artistic exploration into engineered muscle-tendon constructs and the broader philosophical debate surrounding their place in ‘semi-living’ machine systems.
On Life, Movement and Stoppage: Agency and Ethics in the Anthropocene
Authors: Zylinska Joanna
Published: January 2015

Responding to the current narratives about the impending planetary catastrophe caused by our human activity, this philosophy-cum-art piece develops a more affirmative story about life, death and extinction. Framed as a non-normative ethics for the Anthropocene, it considers the human’s expanded obligations towards the bio- and geosphere, while also critically reflecting on the very constitution of this “human”.
Melastomataceae of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia): floristic affinities and annotated catalogue
Authors: Alvear Marcela , Ocampo Gilberto , Parra-O. Carlos , Carbonó Eduino , Almeda Frank
Published: January 2015

The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), the world’s highest coastal mountain range, has long been recognized for its high levels of biological diversity and endemism but no exhaustive inventory of the flora exists today. Here we present an annotated catalogue of the angiosperm family Melastomataceae from this diverse massif. The annotated species list is based largely on the treatment of Melastomataceae for the forthcoming Catalogue of the Plants of Colombia together with several floristic data sources, confirmed specimen records held in different herbaria, and recent field work. The catalogue of Melastomataceae presented here includes 20 genera and 86 species, 21 of which are endemic to Colombia and 15 of those are endemic to the SNSM. We also include floristic similarity analyses to compare the species of Melastomataceae from the SNSM with those from other Colombian biogeographic regions and other Neotropical countries or regions.
Identity of Microtoena coreana (Lamiaceae), a doubtful species from Korea
Authors: WANG QIANG
Published: January 2015

The species Microtoena coreana has long been extremely doubtful. This species is endemic to South Korea, and only the holotype has been collected. The author, who described this species as new, placed it into the genus Microtoena without confidence. Some taxonomists even considered that it might belong to another genus instead of Microtoena. However, no conclusion has been achieved. In the present study, the holotype of Microtoena coreana was found and carefully examined. This holotype possesses 5-lobed corolla, broadly campanulate calyxes, and long-exserted stamens, which make it distinct from all the other species of Microtoena. The results of examination on a large number of specimens and statistical analysis of multiple characters clearly show that the holotype of Microtoena coreana is an element of Tripora divaricata (= Caryopteris divaricata). Therefore, the name Microtoena coreana is here excluded from the genus Microtoena, and is reduce to a synonym of Tripora divaricata. In addition, the lectotype of Tripora divaricata is designated in the present article.
Field Measurements of Surface and Near-Surface Turbulence in the Presence of Breaking Waves
Authors: Sutherland Peter , Melville W. Kendall
Published: January 2015

Wave breaking removes energy from the surface wave field and injects it into the upper ocean, where it is dissipated by viscosity. This paper presents an investigation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation beneath breaking waves. Wind, wave, and turbulence data were collected in the North Pacific Ocean aboard R/P FLIP, during the ONR-sponsored High Resolution Air-Sea Interaction (HiRes) and Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) experiments. A new method for measuring TKE dissipation at the sea surface was combined with subsurface measurements to allow estimation of TKE dissipation over the entire wave-affected surface layer. Near the surface, dissipation decayed with depth as z−1, and below approximately one significant wave height, it decayed more quickly, approaching z−2. High levels of TKE dissipation very near the sea surface were consistent with the large fraction of wave energy dissipation attributed to non-air-entraining microbreakers. Comparison of measured profiles with large-eddy simulation results in the literature suggests that dissipation is concentrated closer to the surface than previously expected, largely because the simulations did not resolve microbreaking. Total integrated dissipation in the water column agreed well with dissipation by breaking for young waves, (where cm is the mean wave frequency and is the atmospheric friction velocity), implying that breaking was the dominant source of turbulence in those conditions. The results of these extensive measurements of near-surface dissipation over three field experiments are discussed in the context of observations and ocean boundary layer modeling efforts by other groups.
Correcting for Position Errors in Variational Data Assimilation
Authors: Nehrkorn Thomas , Woods Bryan K. , Hoffman Ross N. , Auligné Thomas
Published: January 2015

The Feature Calibration and Alignment technique (FCA) has been developed to characterize errors that a human would ascribe to a change in the position or intensity of a coherent feature, such as a hurricane. Here the feature alignment part of FCA is implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting Data Assimilation system (WRFDA) to correct position errors in background fields and tested in simulation for the case of Hurricane Katrina (2005). The displacement vectors determined by feature alignment can be used to explain part of the background error and make the residual background errors smaller and more Gaussian. Here a set of 2D displacement vectors to improve the alignment of features in the forecast and observations is determined by solving the usual variational data assimilation problem—simultaneously minimizing the misfit to observations and a constraint on the displacements. This latter constraint is currently implemented by hijacking the usual background term for the midlevel u- and υ-wind components. The full model fields are then aligned using a procedure that minimizes dynamical imbalances by displacing only conserved or quasi-conserved quantities. Simulation experiments show the effectiveness of these procedures in correcting gross position errors and improving short-term forecasts. Compared to earlier experiments, even this initial implementation of feature alignment produces improved short-term forecasts. Adding the calculation of displacements to WRFDA advances the key contribution of FCA toward mainstream implementation since all observations with a corresponding observation operator may be used and the existing methodology for estimating the background error covariances may be used to refine the displacement error covariances.
Effect of the unbalanced vertical force of a switched reluctance motor on the stability and the comfort of an in-wheel motor electric vehicle
Authors: Wang Yan-yang , Li Yi-nong , Sun Wei , Zheng Ling
Published: January 2015

Switched reluctance motors are well suited to in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles because of their numerous advantages, such as a high torque density, a high operating efficiency and excellent power–speed characteristics. However, these advantages are overshadowed by their inherent high torque ripple and vibrations. The unbalanced radial force of the switched reluctance motor is one of the main reasons for vibrations of the switched reluctance motor but has attracted less attention for in-wheel motor applications according to previous research. In this paper, the vertical component of the residual unbalanced radial force of the switched reluctance motor, i.e. the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor, is taken into account in the stability and comfort analysis for in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles. The results in this paper indicate that the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor has a great effect on the lateral and anti-rollover stabilities of the vehicle. The direct cause of this phenomenon is that the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor is directly applied on the wheels, which will result in a significant variation in the tyre load, and the tyre can easily jump off the ground. Furthermore, the frequency of the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor covers a wide bandwidth which involves the resonance frequencies of the vehicle body’s vibrations and the wheel bounce. As a result, the comfort of the vehicle is greatly harmed. Therefore, the effect of the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor on the the comfort of the vehicle is also considerable in some resonance situations. The conclusion is that the vertical force of the switched reluctance motor not only causes the stability of the vehicle to deteriorate but also has a considerable effect on the the comfort of the vehicle, and an appropriate control method for the switched reluctance motor is desired.
Giles Moore’s Clothes:The Clothing of a Sussex Rector,1656–1679
Authors: Tankard Danae
Published: January 2015

This article uses the household account book of Giles Moore, rector of Horsted Keynes in Sussex from 1656 to 1679, to explore clothing production, supply and consumption in rural England in the second half of the seventeenth century. Moore’s detailed record-keeping provides an insight into the supply and acquisition of textiles and clothing, as well as the clothing choices of a well-to-do country parson. A careful analysis of this underused source reveals Moore’s attitudes to shopping and clothing through his selection of shops, trade and craftsmen, his concerns about excessive prices, and his cloth, clothing and accessory choices. The article examines the range of shopping opportunities that were available to Moore and which ones he made use of, arguing that he exercised a high degree of consumer choice, made possible by a well-developed shopping culture. As well as the costs of his own clothing, Moore’s book records expenditure on that of his teenage niece, Martha Mayhew. In contrast to Moore’s shopping choices, we can see that Martha’s were considerably more circumscribed. This is consistent with recent studies of seventeenth-century consumption which have identified men rather than women as primary shoppers.
Striking a Pose: The Display of Hollywood Costume
Authors: Gatley Sam , Morris Roisin
Published: January 2015

Hollywood Costume was a major temporary exhibition held at the Victoria and Albert Museum from 20 October 2012 to 27 January 2013 which explored the creation of character in film through costume design, and was curated by the Oscar-nominated costume designer Professor Deborah Noodalman Landis. This article focuses on the challenges negotiated to prepare the 130 costumes, which were diverse in style, material and condition, for display. As well as the condition and physical limitations of the objects, ethical conservation concerns and the differing working practices of the film industry both had to be taken into account. Through a variety of examples and case studies this article demonstrates the range of mounting approaches and solutions which were adopted to support and interpret this group of dramatic and iconic costume ensembles.
Synthesis of magnetite films on copper substrate by hydrothermal method
Authors: Han D. Q. , Yang F. , Gong Y. Y. , Yang S. G.
Published: January 2015

Magnetite (Fe3O4) films on conducting non-magnetic copper substrate were successfully synthesised in a wide temperature range by a simple hydrothermal method. The synthesis utilised FeSO4.7H2O and hydrazine hydrate as starting materials in the presence of KOH for adjusting the pH value to 10. The synthesis was performed in a wide temperature range of 80 to 200°C. The as prepared Fe3O4 films were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD patterns of the films showed pure phase of Fe3O4 accompanied by copper substrate peaks. The SEM images showed firm, compact and uniform Fe3O4 films with thickness of ∼10 μm. The VSM results presented in plane anisotropic magnetic properties, which further confirms the formation of Fe3O4 films on the copper substrate and thus endows their potential applications in the future.
“ … As Long as They Have Their Land”: The Huichol of Western Mexico, 1850–1895
Authors: Stephens Michele M.
Published: January 2015

In the decades following Mexican Independence, indigenous groups experienced the dramatic upheavals wrought by political chaos. In the last half of the century, liberal politicians created a series of reforms that aimed to modernize Mexico. This article examines the reactions of the Huichol Indians of western Mexico and their selective adaptations to the changing times over the course of the late nineteenth century. They did so not by rejecting wholesale Mexico and Mexicans but instead by actively engaging local, state, and in some cases federal authorities in an attempt to protect their lands and, by extension, their culture, language, and religious beliefs. As a result, the Huichols are one of only a handful of native communities to maintain a unique indigenous identity.
Coushatta Basketry and Identity Politics: The Role of Pine-Needle Baskets in the Federal Rerecognition of the Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana
Authors: Precht Jay
Published: January 2015

Basketry made by Coushatta women served functional economic purposes such as winnowing, sifting, and storing corn even before European contact, and during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, a non-Indian market for the baskets evolved, leading to shifts in both basket forms and Coushatta marketing techniques over time. As members of the Coushatta community in Louisiana pushed for federal recognition, basketry became an important symbol of potential economic self-sufficiency and indigenous identity. After federal recognition, basketry served as an important part of the community's early efforts at economic development and public relations. This essay analyzes the shifting role of Coushatta basketry with particular emphasis on basketry's use in political advocacy in the twentieth century.
Celebrity 2.0: The Case of Marina Abramović
Authors: Marcus Sharon
Published: January 2015

How have social media changed celebrity and fandom? Using the case study of Marina Abramović, whose 2010 live performance at the Museum of Modern Art catapulted her into celebrity, “Celebrity 2.0” presents four theses about celebrity in order to identify which features of modern celebrity have remained fairly constant for over a century and which have been significantly altered by the advent of digital media.
Profiling “Money”
Authors: Rotella Carlo
Published: January 2015

Floyd Mayweather Jr.’s problem was how to force his way against the grain of history into big- time celebrity in an era when being the best boxer in the world no longer automatically qualified him for the A- list. My problem was how to write a magazine profile about a subject who was not inclined to give me anything worth writing about. The two problems and their potential solutions were intimately connected, and together they open up a useful perspective on the larger histories of celebrity and journalism.
A novel cytoplasmic interaction between junctin and ryanodine receptor calcium release channels
Authors: Li Linwei , Mirza Shamaruh , Richardson Spencer J. , Gallant Esther M. , Thekkedam Chris , Pace Suzy M. , Zorzatto Francesco , Liu Dan , Beard Nicole A. , Dulhunty Angela F.
Published: January 2015

Junctin, a non-catalytic splice variant of the aspartate-β-hydroxylase gene, is inserted into the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ store where it modifies Ca2+ signalling in the heart and skeletal muscle through its regulation of ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ release channels. Junctin is required for normal muscle function as its knockout leads to abnormal Ca2+ signalling, muscle dysfunction and cardiac arrhythmia. However, junctin's binding interactions with RyRs are largely unknown and have been assumed to occur only in the SR lumen. We find robust binding of RyRs to full junctin, its luminal and unexpectedly its cytoplasmic domain, each with distinct effects on RyR1 and RyR2 activity. Full junctin in the luminal solution increases channel activity by ∼3-fold. The C-terminal luminal interaction inhibits RyR channel activity by ∼50%. The N-terminal cytoplasmic binding produces a ∼5-fold increase in RyR activity. The cytoplasmic interaction is required for luminal binding to replicate the influence of full junctin on RyR1 and RyR2 activity. The C-terminal domain of junctin binds to residues including S1–S2 linker of RyR1 and N-terminal junctin binds between RyR1 residues 1078-2156.
Intersegmental coupling and recovery from perturbations in freely running cockroaches
Authors: Couzin-Fuchs Einat , Kiemel Tim , Gal Omer , Ayali Amir , Holmes Philip
Published: January 2015

Cockroaches are remarkably stable runners, exhibiting rapid recovery from external perturbations. To uncover the mechanisms behind this important behavioral trait, we recorded leg kinematics of freely running animals in both undisturbed and perturbed trials. Functional coupling underlying inter-leg coordination was monitored before and during localized perturbations, which were applied to single legs via magnetic impulses. The resulting transient effects on all legs and the recovery times to normal pre-perturbation kinematics were studied. We estimated coupling architecture and strength by fitting experimental data to a six-leg-unit phase oscillator model. Using maximum-likelihood techniques, we found that a network with nearest-neighbor inter-leg coupling best fitted the data and that, although coupling strengths vary among preparations, the overall inputs entering each leg are approximately balanced and consistent. Simulations of models with different coupling strengths encountering perturbations suggest that the coupling schemes estimated from our experiments allow animals relatively fast and uniform recoveries from perturbations.
A novel mouse model of creatine transporter deficiency
Authors: Baroncelli Laura , Alessandrì Maria Grazia , Tola Jonida , Putignano Elena , Migliore Martina , Amendola Elena , Zonfrillo Francesca , Gross Cornelius , Leuzzi Vincenzo , Cioni Giovanni , Pizzorusso Tommaso
Published: January 2015

Mutations in the creatine (Cr) transporter (CrT) gene lead to cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome-1 (CCDS1), an X-linked metabolic disorder characterized by cerebral Cr deficiency causing intellectual disability, seizures, movement  and behavioral disturbances, language and speech impairment ( OMIM #300352).

CCDS1 is still an untreatable pathology that can be very invalidating for patients and caregivers. Only two murine models of CCDS1, one of which is an ubiquitous knockout mouse, are currently available to study the possible mechanisms underlying the pathologic phenotype of CCDS1 and to develop therapeutic strategies. Given the importance of validating phenotypes and efficacy of promising treatments in more than one mouse model we have generated a new murine model of CCDS1 obtained by ubiquitous deletion of 5-7 exons in theSlc6a8gene. We showed a remarkable Cr depletion in the murine brain tissues and cognitive defects, thus resembling the key features of human CCDS1. These results confirm that CCDS1 can be well modeled in mice. This CrT−/ymurine model will provide a new tool for increasing the relevance of preclinical studies to the human disease.
Editorial Volume 1 Issue 2
Authors: McHugh Siobhan
Published: January 2015

Welcome to the second issue of RadioDoc Review (RDR). The response to Issue 1 has shown that RDR fills a clear gap in knowledge; already the reviews are being used as a university teaching resource, the journal has been cited in scholarly works and most strikingly, RadioDoc Review has forged a bridge between the academy, industry and freelance producers, linking what Professor Tim Crook calls a 'convivencia' of scholars, practitioners and commissioning editors whose focus is high quality radio documentaries and features.
The open access nature of RDR is proving to be a vital element in its success. The journal was chosen to spearhead Open Access week at the Unversity of Wollongong in April 2014, because of its role in helping to democratise knowledge. The selected audio works act as one tier - after all, at one level, you don't even have to be literate to 'get' audio. For those who do wish to go deeper, the insight and expert analysis provided by the reviews help us understand the complexities of the form: the grammar, aesthetics, ethical and editorial challenges that a non-fiction radio story can provoke.
A Different Kind of Justice: Review 2
Authors: Taranto Claudia
Published: January 2015

A Different Kind of Justice tells the story of two people who met across a table in a restorative justice (RJ) conference, facilitated by Karl James, an RJ professional. Margaret’s home is robbed; Ian, a burglar and heroin addict, took a few small items, including a laptop with all her family photos. Margaret reveals that her daughter Jessica died in a car accident a few months after the burglary and the missing photos now mean so much more to the family.
The program is essentially interviews with the two characters, intercut, as they each tell their version of their shared story. It includes a recording of the first RJ conference between Ian and Margaret. Radio Gold is what we would crudely call this audio. The program ignores many of the conventions of good journalism and I wondered how different and perhaps less successful it might have been if the interviews had been done by a journalist. The compelling talent, careful construction of narrative, clever use of silence and Karl James’ engaging style make it a powerful piece of radio.
Income Inequality and Health: Panel Data Evidence from Canada
Authors: Latif Ehsan
Published: January 2015

Using longitudinal data from the Canadian National Population Survey (1994–2006), this study examines the impact of income inequality on current health outcomes. The result suggests that once unobserved individual specific heterogeneity is controlled for, income inequality as measured by Gini Coefficient has no significant impact on current health status. This result holds true for contemporaneous income inequality as well as for lagged income inequalities. There are mixed results from the robustness check using various measures of income inequality. Decile Ratio (90P/10P) and Coefficient of Variation have no impacts on current health status. On the other hand, contemporaneous income inequality measured by Log Mean Deviation and Theil Index have significant negative effects on current health. All of the models suggest that absolute income has a significant positive effect on health status
Static Rheological Study of Ocimum basilicum Seed Gum
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Kashaninejad Mahdi
Published: January 2015

A rotational viscometer was used to investigate the effect of different sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose and lactose, 1–4% w/w) and salts (NaCl and CaCl2, 0.1–1% w/w), on rheological properties of Basil seed gum (BSG). The viscosity was dependent on type of sugar and salt addition. Interactions between BSG gum and sugars improved the viscosity of solutions, whereas the viscosity of the BSG solutions decreased in the presence of salts. Power law model well-described non-Newtonian shear thinning behavior of BSG. The consistency index was influenced by the sugars and salts content. Addition of sucrose, glucose, lactose and salts to BSG led to increases in flow behavior index (less shear thinning solutions), whereas fructose increased shear thinning of solutions. Flow behavior index values of the power law model vary as follows: 0.43–0.49, 0.53–0.64, 0.21–0.26, and 0.57–0.67 for sucrose, glucose, fructose and lactose, respectively. The consistency coefficient (k) of BSG was affected by sugars and salts. It decreased from 0.14 to 0.09 Pa.sn with increasing CaCl2 from 0 to 4% w/w (20°C, 0.2% w/w BSG). The consistency coefficient values vary as follows: 0.094–0.119, 0.075–0.098, 0.257–0.484, and 0.056–0.074 for sucrose, glucose, fructose and lactose, respectively.
Sorption processes of radiocesium in soil and bedrock
Authors: Lehto Jukka
Published: January 2015

Three recent studies on cesium sorption in soil and bedrock are reviewed. 137Cs, originating from fallouts of nuclear
weapons tests and the Chernobyl accident was found to decrease in an exponential manner in forest soil, and the highest fraction in
soil profiles was found in the organic layer. Also, the mineral layer below the organic layer contained a large fraction of cesium
inventory but at depths below 20 cm only a very small fraction was observed. In the bedrock of Olkiluoto, where the final
repository for spent nuclear fuel from the Finnish nuclear power plants will be constructed, mica mineral biotite plays the most
important role in cesium sorption. The selectivity of biotite decreases in the order Cs > K > Na > Ca and the overall selectivity
coefficient for Cs/Ca exchange was approximately five and seven orders of magnitude higher than those for Cs/Na and Cs/K exchange
reactions, respectively. Ion exchange isotherms for Cs/Na and Cs/K exchange were modelled by assuming three different ion exchange
sites: frayed edge sites (FES), basal plane sites and intermediate sites. The selectivity coefficients derived for these sites were
successfully used to predict cesium sorption in a mica gneiss rock. Sorption of cesium in mineral soil layers from the Olkiluoto
overburden were studied using three different approaches: model batch experiments, an in-situ method and calculations. All three
approaches gave the same trend but the distribution coefficient values varied in range of one order of magnitude.
Knochentumoren bei Echsen und Schlangen
Authors: Heckers K. O. , Pees M. , Aupperle H. , Dietz J.
Published: January 2015

Gegenstand und Ziel: Beschreibung der pathologischen Befunde von 13 Tumoren des Knochen-und Knorpelgewebes bei Echsen (n = 8) und Schlangen (n = 5) im klinischen Kontext. Material und Methoden: In einem 12-jährigen Zeitraum (2001–2013) ergab die histopathologische Untersuchung von 358 zur Routinediagnostik eingesandten Tumoren von Reptilien in 13 Fällen (acht Exzisate, zwei Amputate, zwei Bioptate und vier Tierkörper) die Diagnose eines Knochentumors. Makroskopisch wiesen die Tumorproben im Anschnitt einen hellen Farbton und eine feste bis harte Konsistenz auf. Zur histologischen Beurteilung wurden repräsentative Lokalisationen gegebenenfalls entkalkt, in Paraffin eingebettet und mit Hämatoxylin und Eosin angefärbt. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgte anhand der WHO-Klassifikationen der Veterinär-und Humanmedizin. Ergebnisse: Bei verschiedenen Echsenarten fanden sich benige Knochenzubildungen (ossifizierendes Fibrom [n = 2], fibröse Dysplasie [n = 1]) sowie maligne Knorpel(Chondrosarkom [n = 2]) und Knochenneoplasien (fibroblastisches Osteosarkom [n = 2], kleinzelliges Osteosarkom [n = 1]) im Kopf-(n = 5) und Gliedmaßenskelett (n = 3). Schlangen wiesen ausschließlich maligne Knorpelneoplasien (Chondrosarkom [n = 2], dedifferenziertes Chondrosarkom [n = 3]) der Wirbelsäule auf. Das histologische Erscheinungsbild der malignen Neoplasien reichte von niedrigbis zu hochmalignen differenzierten Tumorzellverbänden, die in unterschiedlicher Menge Osteoid oder eine hyaline Matrix produzierten. Eine Heilung ließ sich bei einem ossifizierenden Fibrom durch vollständige chirurgische Exzision und bei zwei Chondrosarkomen durch eine Amputation erreichen. Bei vier postmortal untersuchten Tierkörpern mit malignen Tumoren waren keine Metastasen nachweisbar. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Primäre Neoplasien des Knochens sind seltene Tumoren bei Reptilien. Unter Berücksichtigung der Informationen zum therapeutischen Vorgehen und weiteren Verlauf erweist sich bei Echsen die vollständige chirurgische Entfernung der Neoplasie durch Exzision oder Amputation als Therapie der Wahl. Entsprechend kann bei Schlangen eine tumorreduktive Gewebeentnahme die Überlebenszeit möglicherweise deutlich verlängern.
Los cuatro aspectos esenciales por investigar
Authors: París José Antonio
Published: January 2015

El marketing tradicional angloamericano ofrece una metodología de investigación de mercados simple, aunque no esencial. El costo de asumir esta metodología ha dejado un lamentable saldo de 85 % de probabilidad de fracasos de los planes de marketing lanzados en los mercados de la actualidad. Es de esperarse que esta situación sea inadmisible para las empresas de los mercados latinoamericanos, ya que por su estrecha magnitud de sus mercados y la poca inserción internacional están obligadas a mejorar notablemente su performance investigativa e ir a las cuestiones de fondo, para sentar los cimientos sobre los que se debe apoyar su plan de marketing. En este artículo, se presentan los nueve niveles de investigación y se promueven técnicas de investigación alternativas que están cambiando los resultados de los planes de marketing que hemos denominado esencial.
Lorenza Panero
Authors: Cobo Borda Juan Gustavo
Published: January 2015

En esta edición de Poliantea, Juan Gustavo Cobo Borda presenta una aproximación a la obra de Lorenza Panero. El escritor encuentra en las coloridas luminografías de la artista un discurso simbólico sobre el lenguaje de la naturaleza y la percepción.
Labor periodística del camagüeyano Luis Suardíaz Rivero en medios impresos durante el periodo 1959-2005
Authors: Prieto Valdivieso Lesvia Amelia , Gómez González Karla , Contreras García Daymisí , Chacón Reyes Marcelo
Published: January 2015

El presente artículo de revisión tiene como propósito el análisis de la historia de un periodista insigne de Camagüey, sobre todo en su accionar crítico literario periodístico. A pesar de su valiosa trayectoria como profesional de la prensa, aún se constata un déficit bibliográfico que enmarque su desempeño en ese sentido y los estudios académicos solo reflejan su labor como poeta. En busca de solucionar este problema, se plantea como objetivo general la caracterización de los aspectos de la crítica literaria periodística de Luis Suardíaz en la etapa antes mencionada. Se trata de una investigación de perspectiva cualitativa, con un diseño transeccional y descriptivo. Además, se inserta como un estudio de corte histórico, comunicológico. Como método principal se emplea el biográfico, también se refieren los métodos teóricos análisis histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción, así como las técnicas entrevista en profundidad, observación participante, análisis de contenido y, del nivel cuantitativo, la investigación documental. Expresa como resultado la presentación de “apuntes de la historia de vida de Luis Suardíaz Rivero” y un análisis de su obra como crítico literario siguiendo novedosas categorías de análisis
Redes sociales e innovación en el sector de la cultura
Authors: Camio María Isabel , Díaz Bilotto Constanza María , Rivas Urrutibehety Jesús Estefanía
Published: January 2015

Este artículo de revisión explora diferentes abordajes teóricos acerca de la industria creativa y cultural y señala el papel de los agrupamientos productivos en la creación y el fortalecimiento de organizaciones innovadoras. Se expone la metodología de análisis de redes aplicada al mapeo de la relaciones de los actores clave del Polo de Industria Cultural y Arte Creativo de la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). A partir del análisis, se identifica la necesidad de generar lazos transversales y alianzas institucionales para el crecimiento y desarrollo del sector y sus actividades. Se identificó la existencia de capacidades para la generación y difusión de la innovación, lo cual se relaciona con una etapa avanzada dentro del desarrollo embrionario del referido clúster.
Resultados de la revisión ambiental inicial em la Institución Universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano.
Authors: Avendaño Espitia Hernando , Camacho Delgado Clemencia , Castro Pedro Pablo
Published: January 2015

Diagnóstico Ambiental en la Institución Universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano siguiendo las Normas ISO 14001 , hace parte, junto con la Evaluación de la Flora y Suelos del Politécnico Grancolombia- no y el Diseño de un Plan de Mejoramiento Ambiental , de una pri- mera etapa de análisis de la situación ambiental de la institución desde las perspectivas de los impactos generados por ella y del cumplimiento de la legislación ambiental vigente. Como fruto de estos trabajos, siguiendo la misma línea, se desarro- lla actualmente el proyecto Análisis Estructural y Diseño de un Sis- tema de Gestión Ambiental , orientado por los normas de ISO 14001. En este estudio se hará una valoración comparativa de los Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental (SGA), en diferentes universidades y empre- sas, para establecer, finalmente, un Plan de Manejo Ambiental Ins- titucional ajustado a la naturaleza de la organización como institu- ción de formación académica.
Creación de capacidades tecnológicas en escenarios de globalización.
Authors: Jaramillo Sierra Luis Javier
Published: January 2015

Los  acuerdos comerciales de nuevo cuño como el TLC introducen  desequilibrios y rupturas, pero pueden servir de presión para el cambio técnico de  nuestras empresas.  No es fácil contestar qué tan preparados estamos para competir en la nueva palestra global, pese a disponer de indicadores internacionales que nos revelan como una economía mediocre. Los indicadores globales castigan muy duro a Colombia por obvios factores negativos del entorno. Como si fuera poco, el  bajísimo patentamiento  colombiano nos quita demasiados puntos en estas escalas. Sin embargo, no podemos olvidar que competitividad dependerá del tipo de políticas tecnológicas que adopte- mos. Los países se preparan para una  competencia más dura como parte de la globalización. La construcción de sistemas nacionales de innovación parece ser una de las  respuestas  predilectas en el ámbito internacional. En Colombia se ha venido ensayando este tipo de construc- ción con resultados promisorios.
Pedagogías de la esperanza para la educación del nuevo milenio.
Authors: Pilonieta Germán
Published: January 2015

El artículo presenta a los docentes y demás profesionales de la educación, herramientas no tradicionales para el trabajo más importante del ejercicio docente que es la de generar condiciones propicias para aprender de manera contextuali- zada. Para ello, presenta un panorama histórico de la teoría de la modificabilidad estructural cognitiva con el fin de compren- der su sentido y su poder en la educación del nuevo milenio. El artículo se inscribe en el marco de la democratización a través de las pedagogías de la esperanza. Se hace referencia a algu- nos de sus fundamentos conceptuales, operacionales e instru- mentales y a las aplicaciones que en el mundo y en Colombia se vienen haciendo en el Equipo Cisne de Investigación y Desarrollo Pedagógico. Finaliza el artículo con una exposición sobre la educación experiencial, como otro enfoque univer- salmente válido para el desarrollo de competencias en todo terreno, especialmente en el campo de las organizaciones que aprenden y mucho más para las que producen, las cuales requieren hoy especializción y ambientes propicios de trabajo en equipo.