bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations of kerosene sprays in pressurized evaporating environments
Authors: Liu Tao , Fu Wei , Yi Bolun , Song Lanbo , Lin Qizhao , Zhao Dongmei
Published: July 2018

Experiments of kerosene spray with single-hole solenoid injector in the pressurized nonevaporating and evaporating environments, in which the ambient pressure ranges from 1.4 MPa to 4.8 MPa and the ambient temperature includes 300 K, 343 K, and 423 K, are carried out with high-speed Schlieren photography to investigate the breakup regimes and the macro-characteristics like penetration, projected spray area, and spray cone angle. Repetitive experiments are conducted to analyze the penetration repeatability. The comparison between the experimental penetrations and the predicted ones by the existing correlations reveals that the deviations between the experimental data and the predictions rise as the ambient temperature rises. Therefore, a new modified correlation is proposed to predict the penetration of kerosene spray in the nonevaporating and evaporating environments, which fits the experimental data better than the existing correlations. The breakup regimes in primary breakup and secondary breakup are discussed respectively. The projected spray area is analyzed under different ambient pressures at different ambient temperatures. Finally, it is found that the spray cone angle remains almost the same under different ambient pressures after it reduces sharply before 0.5 ms. The macro-characteristics discussed in the present study are important for the performance and emissions of aeronautical engines or diesel engines fuelled by kerosene as a substitution.
Contesting Medical Miracles: A Collective Action Framing Analysis of CCSVI and Venous Angioplasty (“Liberation Therapy”) for People With Multiple Sclerosis in News and Social Media
Authors: Driedger S. Michelle , Dassah Ebenezer , Marrie Ruth Ann
Published: July 2018

This study examines how a medically contested procedure for people living with multiple sclerosis was framed by the news media and challenged by user-generated Facebook content. While expected narrative patterns ensued (advocates being positive and the scientific community being cautious), embedded were collective action oppositional frames that forced shifts in scientific and policy decisions that defied standard evidentiary support in Canada. Medical experts and researchers need to engage in more effective science communication about the nature of the research process and engage affected health communities more in the research agenda, particularly for conditions characterized by considerable unmet need.
Evaluating Epistemic Commitments and Science Communication Practice in Transdisciplinary Research
Authors: Suldovsky Brianne , McGreavy Bridie , Lindenfeld Laura
Published: July 2018

Transdisciplinary research is a central commitment in efforts to advance sustainability. Transdisciplinarity requires integrating knowledge from a variety of groups, including scientists, policymakers, and regulators. Success in integrating multiple ways of knowing is influenced by the relative authority that science, as an epistemology, holds within a collaborative effort. This study draws from the literature on epistemic authority and science communication to explore epistemic authority and engagement within a sustainability science collaboration. Our results highlight persistent contradictions in commitments to epistemic diversity and the privileging of science, demonstrating tensions between conceptual commitments to participatory approaches within sustainability science and practices of engagement.
Provider Adherence to Nutrition and Physical Activity Best Practices Within Early Care and Education Settings in Minnesota, Helping to Reduce Early Childhood Health Disparities
Authors: Loth Katie , Shanafelt Amy , Davey Cynthia , Anfinson Allison , Zauner Marguerite , Looby Anna Ayers , Frost Natasha , Nanney Marilyn S.
Published: July 2018

Licensed child care providers, and the early care and education settings in which they operate, are uniquely situated to influence children’s healthy eating and physical activity through practices, attitudes, and supportive physical and social environments. However, preliminary research indicates that child-, family-, and provider-level characteristics affect adherence to best practices across early care and education settings. The current article used survey data ( n = 618) to characterize differences in child care providers’ adherence to nutrition, physical activity, and mealtime best practices, based on child-, family- and provider-level characteristics, and to describe secular trends in adherence to nutrition and physical activity best practices between 2010 and 2016. Results indicate that differences exist across certain characteristics, including child race/ethnicity, family’s use of child care assistance, language spoken at home, and provider educational attainment; however, it is notable that in most cases providers serving children of minority race and children in low-income families have a higher rate of compliance with the nutrition and physical activity best practices studied. Additionally, the comparison of adherence to best practices from 2010 to 2016 suggests that, while there was an increase in mean adherence from 2010 to 2016, overall trends in adherence across child-, family- and provider-level characteristics have been consistent across time. Public health professionals should continue to advocate for opportunities for providers to learn how to best incorporate best practices within their setting (e.g., education and training opportunities) as well as for the development and adoption of systems-level changes (e.g., expansion of food assistance programs) to reduce barriers to adherence to best practices.
Attempting to reconcile large differences in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies recovery rates
Authors: Waltman Scott H
Published: July 2018

The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies initiative has a reported 50 percent recovery rate. Recently, Scott published a scathing report asserting that 9.2 percent is the correct rate. This alarming assertion requires a closer look and further scrutiny of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies. Scott’s study is fundamentally flawed in many ways; chiefly, the small ( n = 87), forensically involved, convenience sample is not representative of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies population. Scott’s study is more a limited-scope non-representative-sampled audit (or pilot study audit) of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies. Given the large amount of public funds involved in the project, further research and a high degree of transparency is warranted.
Children’s services in the age of information technology: What matters most to frontline professionals
Authors: Sarwar Atif , Harris Martin
Published: July 2018

The last two decades have seen information systems featuring prominently in calls for the modernisation of the UK social care system. However, critics have maintained that these systems are of limited value to social care professionals whose design and implementation is driven by a preoccupation with performance management and a culture of professional audit and accountability, precepts of ‘managerialism’. However, this area of research has often suffered from lack of focus on how technological changes affect public administration and service delivery and often characterises technology as a politically neutral tool detached from its socio-political context whilst also ignoring the strategic predispositions of human service professionals.

Findings

This research was conducted in three local authorities in England. Using the ‘technological affordance’ perspective, we contend that the way social workers interact with Integrated Children’s System is shaped by the discord between socio-historically evolved professional values epitomising the social work profession and managerialist reforms promoting standardised ways of performing it.

Application

Integrated Children’s System has transformed social work from an art to a technical activity, dominated by unimaginative and routinised working practices. Social workers are becoming peripheral figures and this is where social work needs to be reclaimed. Policymakers need to rethink taken for granted assumptions that practitioners would replace their professional expertise with technology and realise that the effective use of Integrated Children’s System depends on bureau-professionalised judgements of social workers. Whilst specific patterns of technology usage can be developed and institutionalised, real objectives of children’s social services should not be sacrificed.
Human Resource Development for Racial/Ethnic Diversity: Do School Systems Value Teachers of Color?
Authors: Gist Conra D.
Published: July 2018

The Problem

The small representation of Teachers of Color in comparison with their White counterparts continues to trouble the teaching profession. Since Teachers of Color often have a vital impact on student engagement and academic outcomes, there is a pressing need to identify policies and practices that increase recruitment and retention.

The Solution

Given the current state of racial/ethnic teacher diversity in the United States, human resource development scholarship can be informative for addressing teacher retention. The Diversity Intelligence (DQ) and People as Technology (PT) Conceptual Model, as human resource development conceptual tools, are useful for understanding ways to support the academic and professional growth of Teachers of Color. These models are positioned to advance educational leaders’ and human resource professionals’ understandings of the ways in which the education field works to increase the number of Teachers of Color who enter and remain in the profession.

The Stakeholders

School leaders, policymakers, human resource development professionals and researchers, and reformers can better understand how school systems value (or do not value) Teachers of Color.
Simultaneous anisotropy inversion and type identification in the frequency domain for flexural waves in horizontal transverse isotropic media
Authors: Zeng Fuqiang , Yue Wenzheng , Li Chao
Published: July 2018

The anisotropy of elastic waves has been widely used to obtain information about the formation structure in geosciences research. The splitting of flexural waves is generally applied to evaluate anisotropy using geophysical inversion methods. However, most of these methods must be combined with other methods, such as dispersion analysis, to distinguish stress-induced and intrinsic anisotropies. The objective function proposed by Tang and Chunduru has been improved by a new objective function that introduces an amplitude ratio of the slow to fast flexural waves in a horizontal transverse isotropic formation. By considering the amplitude difference in flexural wave splitting under stress-induced or intrinsic anisotropy, the new method can perform anisotropy inversion and type identification in the frequency domain. The calculated azimuth of the fast flexural wave as a function of frequency is used to distinguish the anisotropy type. The results from synthetic examples indicate that the intrinsic anisotropy commonly leads to a smooth azimuth curve, whereas the stress-induced anisotropy leads to a sharp step change. Therefore, the distribution of the azimuth in the frequency domain is a better indicator of the anisotropy type than the traditional slowness dispersion curve. Moreover, a new objective function and a new quality indicator for simultaneous anisotropy inversion and type identification have been developed and validated by synthetic and field data sets.
Acute Respiratory Distress in the Operating Room and Prone Ventilation: A Case Report
Authors: Yajnik Vishal , Breslin Kathryn M. , Riley Christa
Published: July 2018

There have been many advances in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome, a condition which Bellani et al, in the LUNG SAFE trial (Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure), found represents up to 10.4% of intensive care unit admissions and 23.4% of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, with an unadjusted intensive care unit and hospital mortality of 35.3% and 40%, respectively. Studies have shown that prone positioning can improve oxygenation in patients who are mechanically ventilated for acute respiratory distress syndrome. This case report describes an example in which intraoperative prone positioning improved oxygenation in a patient after aspiration of gastric contents on induction of general anesthesia.
The Periodic Joint Replenishment Problem Is Strongly 𝒩𝒫-Hard
Authors: Cohen-Hillel Tamar , Yedidsion Liron
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we study the long-standing open question regarding the computational complexity of one of the core problems in supply chains management, the periodic joint replenishment problem. This problem has received a lot of attention over the years, and many heuristic and approximation algorithms have been suggested. However, in spite of the vast effort, the complexity of the problem remains unresolved. In this paper, we provide a proof that the problem is indeed strongly 𝒩𝒫-hard.
Human placental membrane as a wound cover for chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective, postmarket, CLOSURE study
Authors: Pacaccio Douglas J. , Cazzell Shawn M. , Halperin Gabriel J. , Kasper Maria A. , Neutel Joel M. , O'Carroll Brian D. , Reyzelman Alexander M.
Published: July 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a chorioamniotic allograft, used as a wound cover for chronic foot ulcers, in patients with diabetes.

Methods:

A multicentre, prospective, postmarket study where eligible patients received up to 11 weekly wound cover applications. Computerised planimetry was used to calculate the diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) area each week. The primary endpoint of the study was wound closure assessment. Secondary endpoints included DFU recurrence and morbidity.

Results:

A total of 63 patients with 64 ulcers were enrolled, after successful completion of a two-week run-in period. Patients were predominantly male and had risk factors for delayed healing. Mean baseline DFU area was 3.8cm2 (standard deviation (SD): 4.8). After 12 weeks, a total of 19 (40%) DFUs had closed. Results varied by size category, ‘small’ (≤2.0cm2), ‘medium’ (>2.0–4.0 cm2), and ‘large’ (>4.0–25.0 cm2), with higher percentage closure in the ‘small’ DFU group, compared with the ‘medium’ and ‘large’ DFUs (57%, 33%, and 10%, respectively). Of those DFUs that closed, the average closure time was 6.5 weeks. There were no unanticipated adverse events.

Conclusion:

Known risk factors for healing, including DFU size, location and duration, affected the outcomes. However, the results are in line with the literature and support the use of the chorioamniotic allograft in chronic and complex cases.
Self-styling an emotionally intelligent avatar
Authors: Lawler-Dormer Deborah
Published: July 2018

Leah, created over the last three years, is a self-styled, autonomous avatar collaboratively developed with Dr Mark Sagar at the Laboratory for Animate Technologies, Auckland Bioengineering Institute at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. Using ‘Leah’ as a technoscientific art case study, this paper will address the practical and theoretical considerations underlying the project, showing complex posthuman and bioethical relations. Leah is exhibited as an intra-active screen-based installation. It is the product of a shifting transdisciplinary collaborative process, involving artists, engineers, computer scientists and neuroscientists. Leah was developed as part of the Auckland Face Simulator project where adult faces are realistically and precisely modelled to show accurate expression. These can be used for neurophysiological and neuropsychological research into emotion, agency and empathy. This artwork engages with a deep questioning of the posthuman through bioengineering self-imaging practices and reflects on our co-evolution with technology.
Integratzaile simetrikodun 10 ordenako konposizio metodo simetrikoen bilaketa
Authors: Alberdi Celaya Elisabete , Makazaga Odria Joseba , Murua Uria Ander
Published: July 2018

Konposizio metodoek, Ekuazio Diferentzial Arruntak (EDAak) ebazteko oinarrizko zenbakizko integrazio-metodo bat modu egokian konposatuz emaitzak hobetzeko aukera ematen dute. Lan honetan erreparatuko diegu bigarren ordenako zehaztasuna duen oinarrizko integratzaile simetriko bat erabiliz lortzen den konposizio metodo simetrikoei. Simetrien erabilerak, ordena-baldintzak sinplifikatzeaz gain, ezezagunen kopurua gutxitzea eragiten du. Asko dira honelako metodoen koefizienteak bilatzen jardun duten autoreak. Honela, ezaguna da aipaturiko eran lortutako 8 ordenako metodorik onenak 17 atal dituela, eta 10 ordenako eta 31, 33 eta 35 ataleko metodo oso onak ere lortu direla. Lan honetan 10 ordenako eta 31 ataleko konposizio metodo simetrikoak lortzeko sortu ditugun bi teknika aurkezten dira.
Autofagia eta haren erregulazioa osasunean eta gaixotasunean
Authors: Milton-Laskibar Iñaki , Aguirre Leixuri , Portillo María Puy
Published: July 2018

Autofagia zelula eukariotikoetan berez gertatzen den prozesu bat da, zeinak oreka homeostatikoa mantentzea ahalbidetzen duen (kaltetutako egitura zelularrak degradatuz eta energia-oreka mantenduz) zelula estres edo energia eskuragarritasun mugatuko egoeretan dagoenean. Autofagiari buruz hitz egitean, apoptositik bereiztea komeni da. Oro har, autofagia babes-mekanismotzat hartzen da, zelulek estres maila ez-hilgarrietara egokitzeko ematen duten erantzuntzat. Zelulak pairatzen duen estresak muga jakin bat gainditzen duenean, edo estres maila bat denboran mantentzen denean, apoptosia aktibatuko da, zelula deuseztatzeko. Egundaino, hiru autofagia mota deskribatu dira: xaperoi bidezko autofagia, mikroautofagia eta makroautofagia. Hiru motek duten ezaugarri komuna da lisosoma bidez zitosoleko materialaren degradazioa gertatzen dela. Oro har, autofagiak zelularen funtzio egokia eta biziraupena bermatzen ditu, eta, ondorioz, horren asaldurak zelularen funtzionamendua kaskartzen du, zenbait gaixotasunen agerpenari bide eginez. Autofagiak (edo haren asaldurak) zenbait gaixotasun eta egoeraren (neuroendekapenezko gaixotasunak, diabetesa, obesitatea, gibel gantzatsu ez-alkoholikoa edo zahartzea) sorrera eta garapenarekin duen erlazioa dela eta, komunitate zientifikoa aspalditik dabil prozesu hau aktibatzen edo egoera normalera itzultzen duten molekula edo esku-hartzeen bila. Hala ere, gaur egun prozesu honen aktibazioak eragindako efektu guztiak oraindik ezagutzen ez direnez, beharrezkoa da gizakiekin ikerketa gehiago egitea mekanismo hau helburu terapeutikoekin erabili ahal izateko.
Mikroorganismoek minbizia eragin dezakete?
Authors: Arbizu Aitana , Antoran Aitziber , Buldain Idoia , Pellon Aize , Guruceaga Xabier , Martin-Souto Leire , Aparicio Leire , Rementeria Aitor , Hernando Fernando L. , Ramirez-Garcia Andoni
Published: July 2018

Ikerketa askok mikroorganismoen eta minbizien arteko erlazioak aztertu dituzte, eta erakutsi dute mikroorganismo batzuek minbiziaren agerpena saihesten dutela eta beste batzuek, aldiz, minbizia eragin dezaketela. Hain zuzen ere, gero eta artikulu zientifiko gehiago argitaratzen ari dira mikroorganismoak minbiziaren sortzearekin, ezarpenarekin eta sakabanaketarekin erlazionatuz. Izan ere, mikroorganismoek minbizi guztien % 17,8 eragiten dutela estimatu da. Minbizia sortzeko birusen gaitasuna da gehien ikertu dena eta, ondorioz, minbizia sor dezaketen mekanismo desberdin asko deskribatu dira. Minbizia Ikertzeko Nazioarteko Agentziak zortzi birus 1. mailako «gizakiontzat kartzinogeno»-tzat sailkatu ditu; haien artean, giza papiloma birusa, bi herpesbirus eta bi hepatitisaren birus aurkitzen dira. Bakterioei dagokienez, minbizi-eragileen artean, Helicobacter pylori da gehien ikertu dena urdaileko minbiziarekin erlazionatuta. Baina honetaz gain, beste hainbat bakterio, hala nola Salmonella typhi, Chlamydia pneumoniae eta Streptococcus bovis minbiziarekin zuzenki erlazionatu dira. Onddoek daukaten minbiziarekiko erlazioa oso gutxi ikertu den arren, mikroorganismo hauek sortutako toxina batzuek minbizia eragin dezaketela frogatu da. Horrez gain, Candida albicans onddoak minbiziaren sorrera eta hedapena eragin dezakeen hainbat mekanismo deskribatu dira. Orain arte egindako ikerketek mikroorganismoek minbiziaren garapenean eta sustapenean daukaten eragina agerrarazi dute. Hori dela eta, etorkizunean minbiziari aurre egiteko, minbiziaren eta mikroorganismoen arteko erlazioan sakontzea ezinbestekoa da.
Euskal landa-arkitekturako eredu tradizionalaren eraikuntza-bilakaeraren eragina portaera higrotermiko pasiboan: Lea ibarreko kasu-azterketa
Authors: Etxebarria Mallea Matxalen , Etxepare Igiñiz Lauren , De Luxán García de Diego Margarita
Published: July 2018

Energia-oreka eta -eraginkortasun handiko estrategia pasiboak ditu ezaugarri arkitektura tradizionalak. Izan ere, tokiko ingurumen-baldintzen eta eraikinaren eraikuntza-ezaugarrien arteko interakzioa gertatzen da beraren barnean, eta bi aldagai horien erlazioaren menpe dago barneko giroa. Euskal etxe-eredu tradizionalaren barneko portaera higrotermiko pasiboari aldian-aldian eginiko eraikuntza-egokitzapenek eragindako eboluzioa eta bilakaera aztertzen ditu artikulu honek. Horiek jorratzeko, Lea ibarreko arkitektura tradizionala hautatu da ikerketa-eremutzat. Bizkaiko ekialdeko ibar bat da, klima epel eta hezekoa. Hango baserrien eraikuntza-ezaugarriak, xv. mendean arkitektura-eredu gisa sortuz geroztik, behin eta berriz izan dira eraldatuak, gizarte-bilakaerak eta bestelako eskakizunak tarteko; eraldaketa horiek, bestalde, eraikinon portaera higrotermiko pasiboaren eboluzioa ere ekarri izan dute. Landa-azterketaren ondorioz, lehenik eta behin, lekuko arkitektura tradizionalaren eraikuntza-sistemaren eboluzioaren azterketa egin da eredu adierazgarrienak zehazte aldera; ondoren, eredu horietako Tenperatura Operatiboaren [oC] eta Hezetasun Erlatiboaren [%] datuak biltzeko, simulazio energetikoa egin da Design Builder v.5.0.1.024 softwarea baliatuz. Azkenik, eskuraturiko datuok kronologikoki alderatu dira, neguko, udako eta tarteko urte-sasoietako eguneko balioen arabera, eta hortik eskuratu eraikuntzaren eboluzioak zer-nolako eragina izan ote duen barneko portaera higrotermikoan.
Eguzki-energia termikoa metatzeko materialetako emisibitate-esperimentuak
Authors: Echániz Telmo , González de Arrieta Iñigo , Fuente Raquel , Urcelay-Olabarria Irene , López Gabriel Alejandro , Igartua Josu Mirena
Published: July 2018

Emisibitate infragorria materialen propietate termofisiko bat da. Erradiazio elektromagnetikoa igortzeko materialek daukaten ahalmena adierazten du parametro horrek. Eguzki-energiaren industrian erabiltzen diren materialen emisibitatea neurtzea oso garrantzitsua da materialen eraginkortasuna handitzeko; izan ere, erradiazio bidez gertatzen diren bero-galeren kalkuluak egiteko eta galera horiek saihesteko, ezinbestekoa da emisibitatea. Emisibitatearen zehaztasun handiko neurketak egin dira UPV/EHUko puntako tresna bat erabiliz Mg-%47Zn-%4Al aleazio hirukoitz eutektikoan, zeina eguzki-energia termikoa metatzeko sistemetarako hautagai den.
Sei traizio
Authors: Korta Kepa
Published: July 2018

«Traduttore, traditore» dio italiar esaerak. Itzultzaile, traidore. Horrenarabera, GOGOAren lehen aleetan sartzeko artikulu klasiko  baten itzulpenaegin genuenero, traizioa egiten ari gintzaizkion jatorrizko testuari —edo harenegileari, edo biei; esaerak ez du zehazten hori—. Eta traizio bikoitza egiteragoaz, orain, itzulpen zaharren bertsio berriekin osatutako GOGOArenale honekin. Traizio mesedegarria, ordea. Hala espero dugu behintzat.
Euskararen eta gaztelaniaren erabilera ingeleseko irakaskuntza-saioetan
Authors: Arocena Egaña Elizabet
Published: July 2018

Ikerketa honek H1 eta H2k H3ko ikasgelan duten presentzia eta jokatzen duten rola  aztertzen ditu, kode-alternantzia oraindik hizkuntza-jabekuntzarako kaltegarritzat  jotzen den garaiotan. Ikerketa testuinguru eleaniztun batean egin zen, Euskal Herrian  hain zuzen, non hizkuntzak bereiztearen aldeko iritzi eta usteak sakon sustraiturik dauden. Gero eta ikerketa gehiagok nabarmentzen dute atzerriko hizkuntzaren irakaskuntzan H1 modu sistematiko eta funtzionalean erabiltzea onuragarria izan daitekeela; hala ere, testuinguru eleaniztunetan, hizkuntzen irakaskuntzari dagokionez bere horretan diraute hainbat urtez nagusi izan diren elebakartasunean oinarritutako irizpideak. Ikerketa honetarako datuak biltzeko, astebetez behaketak egin ziren ingelesa atzerriko hizkuntza gisa ematen den klaseetan eta ingelesa irakats-hizkuntza den klaseetan, eta, horrez gain, ingeleseko irakasleei elkarrizketak egin zitzaizkien. Bestalde, galde-sorten bidez ikasleei buruzko oinarrizko informazio orokorra bildu zen. Parte-hartzaileak bi ikastetxetako bigarren hezkuntzako irakasleak eta haien 134 ikasleak izan ziren. Datuen analisiak erakusten duenez, hala irakasleek nola ikasleek H1 eta H2 erabiltzen dituzte, neurri batean, H3ko ikasgelan, helburu eta funtzio jakin batzuekin. Emaitzek agerian uzten dute, halaber, irakasleak, beren esperientziaren argitan, elebakartasunaren hesiak apurtzearen onurak antzematen hasiak direla.
Gorputza eta identitatearen eraikuntza Haur Hezkuntzako hezitzaileen ikuspegitik
Authors: Goñi Palacios Eider , Donaire Iraide , Alvarez-Uria Amaia
Published: July 2018

The present work intends to approach the conception that professionals of the Preschool Education have about on the body, in relation to gender identity. Given the increasingly widespread discourse on the need to overcome a binarist model (male or female), in the 5 interviews and in the 5 discussion groups analyzed here, various difficulties are identified, among others, absence of training and time for joint reflection, lack of stability of the templates in schools and, finally, defined projects. Educational activities in preschool classes are carried out following two main approaches: on the one hand, there is a direct, explicit work, through traditional methodological resources such as silhouettes or something more innovative such as small projects; and, on the other hand, a transversal work that is carried out on a day to day basis in the usual spaces as “txokos”, assemblies or toilets. However, there is doubt about the real change, since the scope of activities with explicit objectives is more limited, whereas the work that ismost effective, the transversal one in its words, is seldom preceded by the necessary conditions: training, reflection and joint definition. A review of the didactic resources available in Basque is also carried out.
Metodo mistoak Hezkuntza-ikerkuntzan
Authors: Santiago Etxeberria Karlos , Jiménez Arrieta Olaia , Lukas Mujika J.F.
Published: July 2018

This article sets out to provide a general review of the basic principles of what is known as “methodological complementarity” in education research. Firstly, it addresses the context in which mixed methods have emerged to then go on to review some of the definitions. After reflecting on the advantages and limitations of these methods, several designs of mixed methods with examples drawn from education research and assessment are presented. The article concludes with an exposition of the discussion about the quality of the research conducted with a mixed method. Keywords: Educational Research, Research paradigms, Methodological Complementarity, Mixed methods.
Assessing the impact of the compliance rate and daytime running lights penetration on the safety effectiveness of regulatory headlight use signs
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed M , Gaweesh Sherif , Ksaibati Khaled , Rahman Md Hamidur
Published: July 2018

While Daytime Running Lights (DRLs) are proven to increase vehicle conspicuity during various times of the day, their safety effectiveness is still debatable. This study utilized various statistical techniques and a field study to assess the impact of the compliance rate, and the penetration of the Daytime Running Lights (DRLs) technology on the safety efficacy of regulatory headlight use signs. Daytime head-on and opposite sideswipe multivehicle crashes for Daytime Running Lights and non-DRLs equipped passenger vehicles on mountainous rural two-way highway sections with and without regulatory headlight use signs were examined in a matched case control design. Preliminary analysis showed that only 23% of vehicles involved in crashes on the study sections were equipped with DRLs. Although results from the odds ratios and ratios of odds ratios indicated some safety benefits of the headlight use signs, the safety benefits were statistically insignificant. The study concluded that the low compliance rate of 12% affected the safety effectiveness of the regulatory headlight signs. Transportation agencies should have different considerations when evaluating the safety effectiveness of compliance- and behavioral-based countermeasures.
Regional geographies of land transport networks in the Pearl River Delta mega-region, China
Authors: Gao Xingchuan , Li Tao
Published: July 2018

This paper uses network-based efficiency measures to evaluate the efficiency implications of the evolution of the transport network in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) over the period 1988-2008. The network-based efficiency measures consider the relative ease of access between cities in terms of weighted relative travel cost. The results indicate that the spatial patterns of network efficiency are different from ‘core-periphery’ pattern derived from classical accessibility indicators. This implies that there are low network efficiency cities and high network efficiency cities in core and peripheral regions at the same time. In the first stage (1988-1998), the efficiency contour shows a ‘corridor’ pattern along the GuangShen traffic corridor between Guangzhou and Shenzhen in the eastern side of the Pearl estuary; in the following decade (1998-2008), with large-scale infrastructural developments, the spatial pattern has changed from a north-south corridor to an east-west contiguous distribution pattern. By 2008, the mean network efficiency value indicates that the efficiency levels within the PRD as a whole are tending towards optimal levels. We conclude by suggesting ways to promote the urban economic development based on the relationship between the network efficiency and per capita GDP.
Container shipping in period of Freight Conference breakup
Authors: Drozhzhyn Oleksii , Revenko Oksana
Published: July 2018

The most important development in the liner shipping industry last 10 years was the repeal of the block exemption that Liner freight conferences had received in the European Union (EU) with regard to price and capacity settings. From of 18 October 2008, former members of the Far East Freight Conference have had to establish their specific rates and freight additions, resulting in different rates and amounts applied across the board. This paper examines the general conditions of competition in a market economy, as well as special conditions for competition in the market for liner transportation, regarding descriptive analysis summarized the available information on the subject. The study is based on EU documents, official EU reviews, and paper of international researchers on the issue of current state and prospects of liner shipping market development. In particular, the history of the emergence and formation of linear conferences and overviews the European Union decision and impact of the repealing it’s block exemption from European competition law for Liner shipping conferences. As a result, the causes and implications were identified of these changes to liner container shipping industry.
Port congestion determinants and impacts on logistics and supply chain network of five African ports
Authors: Nze Ibeawuchi C. , Onyemechi Chinedum
Published: July 2018

This paper typically applied the concept of ranking by inspection using the dwell time of ships in five African ports to evaluate the variations in ship turnaround time and relative efficiency level. This is to identify the active factors that cause port congestion in African ports. The results provided some explanations on the consequences arising from these on notable African logistics and supply chain networks. The findings reveal that the bane of congestion in African ports emanates entirely from either planning, regulation, capacity, efficiency or a combination of these. The regression analysis with IBM SPSS v20 reveals that there is a significant relationship between cargo throughput and other port performance indicators in Nigeria for the study period (2005 - 2014). More so, the t-test reveals that there is a significant relationship between cargo throughput and berth occupancy rate which is significantly indicative of port congestion. This paper therefore recommends that African ports should enhance their regulatory mechanisms, and also improve capacity and efficiency level in order to shoulder the ever increasing challenges of port congestion in years ahead.
Das übersehene Tier
Authors: Mönnig Mona
Published: July 2018

Als Topos der Absenz sind Tiere in der Kunst hinter der Überpräsenz menschlicher Vorstellungsbilder verborgen geblieben: Während Menschenbilder immer vom Menschen handeln, lassen sich Tierbilder nur selten auf das Tier beziehen. In Folge einer geisteswissenschaftlichen Wende hin zum Tier als Subjekt ist die Frage nach seiner Präsenz in den Fokus der Betrachtung sowohl wissenschaftlicher wie auch gestalterischer Arbeitsweisen gerückt. Mona Mönnig zeichnet nach, was sich auf der Suche nach dem ›konkreten Tier‹ in der zeitgenössischen Kunst zu erkennen gibt und was hinter der ›anthropozentrischen Grenze‹ weiterhin im Verborgenen verbleibt. Sie widmet sich dem Tierlichen als neuartiger Wahrnehmungs- und Bedeutungsebene und sucht so, das ›übersehene Tier‹ sichtbar zu machen.
The Expert as Messenger Media Philosophy and the Epistemology of the Inexact Sciences
Authors: Dayé Christian
Published: July 2018

This chapter investigates a specific strategy of knowledge production, the pooling of human carries of knowledge. The hope behind this strategy is that new knowledge emerges in the interaction of these carriers. The chapter explores the philosophical assumptions undergirding this hope by focusing on a historical case. In the 1950s, a group of US researchers involved in Cold War policy analysis began to experiment with a variety of techniques that attempt to systematize the use of expertise in policy advice. In an attempt to establish their doing as "scientific," two of them, Olaf Helmer and Nicholas Rescher, developed an "Epistemology of the Inexact Sciences" that claimed that under certain circumstances, expert opinions were valuable sources of scientific knowledge. The role Helmer and Rescher ascribed to the expert was that of a medium. Therefore, the chapter critically assesses their claims using ideas from media philosophy, and more specifically by an approach developed by philosopher Sybille Krämer, who conceptually approaches media with the metaphor of the messenger.
Aufbruch in die Öffentlichkeit?
Authors: Grümme Bernhard
Published: July 2018

Die Religionspädagogik wird in zunehmendem Maße öffentlich. Damit reiht sie sich in den ›public turn‹ der Wissenschaften ein, wie er derzeit in der Soziologie, der Theologie oder den Erziehungswissenschaften zu beobachten ist. Bernhard Grümme zeigt: Was in den verheißungsvollen Aufbrüchen der öffentlichen Religionspädagogik unterbleibt, ist das Bedenken des Öffentlichkeitsbegriffs selbst. Es fehlt vor allem eine Kritik seiner Konstruktionsmechanismen, was dazu führt, dass die Religionspädagogik weder ihr kritisch-konstruktives Potenzial ausloten noch ihre eigenen Verwicklungen in hegemoniale Strukturen von Macht und Exklusion selbstkritisch reflektieren kann.
Auf den Straßen des Südens
Authors: Kirschlager Sven
Published: July 2018

Die Überlandbusse Südmexikos dienen nicht allein als Transportmittel. Täglich verwandeln unzählige lokale Akteur_innen die Fahrzeuge in mobile Räume informellen Handels. Sie werden von Verkäufer_innen und Prediger_innen genutzt, aber auch von Musiker_innen, die sie in der Hoffnung auf Spenden zu ihrer Bühne machen. Sven Kirschlager nimmt die Musiker_innen in den Fokus und beleuchtet ihre kreativen Strategien, wenn sie sich die Busse als Räume ihrer Performances aneignen und mobile Passagier_innen mit lokalen Zwischenräumen verbinden. Dabei bricht er mit romantisierenden Vorstellungen und zeigt den täglichen Überlebenskampf der Musiker_innen in einem Netzwerk räumlicher Hierarchien.
Konversation und Geselligkeit
Authors: Schulz Karin
Published: July 2018

Bis heute hält die Forschung an der negativen Perspektivierung höfischer Moralistik fest, an einer pessimistischen Anthropologie im Zeichen des amour-propre. Mit ihrer literaturwissenschaftlichen Untersuchung zur Konversation und Geselligkeit im französischen Salon zeigt Karin Schulz eine optimistische Lesart, welche die sozial-reflexive Produktivität moralistischen Denkens stärkt. Auf der methodischen Grundlage der Erfahrungsdifferenz von Idealität und Realität hinterfragt sie das Selbstverständnis idealer Verhaltensnormen und zeichnet für den französischen Salon, ausgehend vom 17. Jahrhundert, eine Geschichte der konversationellen Programmatik mit Ausblick auf die Lehren kommunikativer Gegenwart.
Negotiating the Borders of the Gender Regime
Authors: de Silva Adrian
Published: July 2018

While social change regarding trans(sexuality) has evolved within an expanding nexus of concepts, practices, regulations and institutions, this process has barely been analysed systematically. Against the background of legislative processes on gender recognition in a society shaped by heteronormative hegemony, Adrian de Silva traces how sexology, the law, federal politics and the trans movement interacted to generate or challenge concepts of trans(sexuality) from the mid-1960s to 2014 in the Federal Republic of Germany. The interdisciplinary study draws upon and contributes to debates in (trans)gender and queer studies, political science, sociology of law, sexology and the social movement.
Popmusik in Zeiten der Digitalisierung
Authors: Seifert Robert
Published: July 2018

Popmusik ist im Zuge der Digitalisierung massiven Veränderungen unterworfen: Nicht nur Genres und Geschäftsmodelle wandelten sich durch die ubiquitäre Verfügbarkeit - insbesondere Rezeptionsweisen sowie Prozesse der Aneignung und Bewertung haben sich nachhaltig geändert. Anhand verschiedener Theoriestränge - von der Musik- über die Kommunikationswissenschaft bis hin zur Soziologie - zeichnet Robert Seifert die Folgen des digitalen Wandels für die Popmusik nach. Dabei verdeutlicht er am Dreiklang ökonomischer, technologischer und sozialer Verfasstheit die Dynamik des Feldes. Fünf Fallstudien exemplifizieren zudem besonders prägnante Entwicklungslinien der Popmusik-Aneignung und -Bewertung, die im Zuge der Digitalisierung virulent wurden.
Morfoanatomi Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium samarangense) var. Demak Normal dan Terserang Hama Ulat
Authors: Hanifa Hadyani Millati , Haryanti Sri
Published: July 2018

Jenis jambu air yang banyak ditanam yaitu  Syzygium quaeum (jambu air kecil) dan Syzygium samarangense (jambu air besar). Jambu Citra yang berasal dari daerah Demak adalah yang paling diminati masyarakat, karena buahnya besar dan perawatan tanamannya mudah. Meskipun demikian keberadaan hama pengganggu tanaman tidak jarang dijumpai, sehingga menyerang daun dan buahnya. Akibat serangan hama produktivitas buah menurun, baik kualitas maupun kuantitasnya.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengamati perbedaan morfologi dan anatomi antara daun yang normal dengan daun yang terserang hama. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2013 dengan  wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka dan  praktik di laboratorium yaitu pembuatan preparat irisan melintang daun metode semipermanen dan replika. Pengamatan parameter daun normal dan yang terserang hama dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa morfologi dan anatomi daun jambu normal berbeda dengan yang terserang hama. Daun yang normal berbentuk lonjong dengan ujung meruncing tersusun oleh jaringan epidermis atas dan bawah, palisade dan spons parenkim serta berkas pengangkut. Daun yang terserang hama bentuknya ada yang tidak teratur, berkerut, helaian tidak rata, menggulung atau warna helaian kecoklatan atau hitam. Secara anatomis  ada yang epidermisnya hilang/rusak, palisade rusak membentuk rongga-rongga, spons parenkim atau berkas pengangkut  rusak atau helaiannya berlubang, sehingga mengurangi fungsi daun dalam proses fotosintesis. Kata kunci : daun , normal, terserang hama, anatomi
Respon Histomorfometrik Aorta Tikus Putih terhadap Pemberian Berbagai Kadar Vco dan Olive Oil
Authors: Yuniwarti Enny Yusuf Wachidah , Djaelani Muhammad Anwar
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek asam lemak jenuh yang menggunakan VCO dan efek asam lemak tak jenuh yang menggunakan olive oil terhadap histomorfometrik aorta tikus putih yang diamati melalui pengukuran ketebalan tunika intima. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus putih sebanyak 25 ekor yang dibagi dalam lima perlakuan, yaitu P1 adalah kelompok kontrol, P2 merupakan kelompok yang diberi Olive Oil 10 mL/kg pakan, P3 merupakan kelompok yang diberi Olive Oil 5 mL/kg pakan, P4 merupakan kelompok yang diberi VCO 10 mL/kg pakan dan P5 merupakan kelompok yang diberi VCO 5 mL/kg pakan. Tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali ulangan. Data tebal tunika intima yang didapat, dianalisis menggunakan analisis of varians (ANOVA) dengan design penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan tidak terdapat beda nyata antar perlakuan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian olive oil maupun virgin coconut oil tidak menimbulkan perbedaan respon histomorfometrik aorta tikus putih. Kata kunci: tikus putih, tunika intima, olive oil, vco
Diskripsi Perbandingan Histologi Organ Saluran Reproduksi Puyuh yang Diberi Perlakuan Serbuk Kunyit Sebelum Masak Kelamin dan yang Tidak Diberi Perlakuan Serbuk Kunyit
Authors: Saraswati Tyas Rini
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  histologi organ saluran reproduksi pada puyuh betina  umur 9 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. 5 ekor puyuh betina diberi perlakuan serbuk kunyit selama 1 bulan sebelum masak kelamin dan 5ekor puyuh betina tidak diberi perlakuan serbuk kunyit. Masing-masing perlakuan dipelihara sampai umur 9 bulan. Pada akhir perlakuan puyuh di dekapitasi, diisolasi organ saluran reproduksi, yaitu magnum, isthmus, dan uterus dan  dibuat preperat histologi dengan metode paraffin dan pewarnaan Haematoxylin dan Eosin.  Dilakukan deskripsi histologi  pada organ magnum, isthmus dan uterus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa  saluran reproduksi pada puyuh umur 9 bulan yang diberi perlakuan serbuk kunyit selama 1 bulan sebelum masak kelamin berkembang lebih baik dari pada saluran reproduksi puyuh yang tidak diberi perlakuan serbuk kunyit. Kata kunci : histologi saluran reproduksi, puyuh, serbuk kunyit.
Efek Antifertilitas Ekstrak Biji Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) dengan Pelarut Air terhadap Bobot Anak Mencit (Mus Musculus L.)
Authors: Adani Muhammad Farizan , Sitasiwi Agung Janika , Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: July 2018

Biji pepaya merupakan tanaman obat yang diduga memiliki senyawa antifertilitas sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai alat kontrasepsi herbal yang aman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efek antifertilitas ekstrak biji pepaya (C. papaya L.) dengan pelarut air terhadap bobot anak mencit (Mus musculus L.). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), menggunakan 15 ekor mencit betina yang dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan. K(-): bahan perlakuan berupa aquades. K(+): bahan perlakuan berupa pil kontrasepsi. P1, P2, P3 masing-masing diberi bahan perlakuan berupa ekstrak biji pepaya dengan dosis 1,4, 3,5, 7 mg/ekor/hari. Masing-masing diberikan perlakuan oral dengan volume 0,5 ml selama 21 hari. Setelah perlakuan berakhir, dilanjutkan dengan uji kawin.  Parameter yang diamati adalah bobot anak mencit, bobot induk mencit setelah perlakuan berakhir. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh berbeda tidak nyata terhadap bobot anak mencit dan induk mencit. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah senyawa antifertilitas dalam biji pepaya (C. papaya L.) dengan pelarut air tidak mempengaruhi bobot anak dan induk mencit. Kata kunci : Carica papaya, antifertilitas, bobot anak mencit, bobot induk mencit
Pertumbuhan Kalus Eksplan Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Sukrosa Secara In Vitro
Authors: Khaerasani Ilma , Prihastanti Erma , Haryanti Sri
Published: July 2018

Sukrosa adalah disakarida yang merupakan produk fotosintesis tidak langsung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode in vitro dengan cara inisiasi kalus untuk menginduksi kalus dari eksplan mata tunas rimpang  jahe merah  (Zingiber officinale Rosc). Konsentrasi senyawa osmotik dari medium menjadi faktor penting untuk pertumbuhan kalus. Selain sebagai sumber karbon dan sumber energi, sukrosa yang terserap mempengaruhi tekanan osmotik sehingga berperan dalam pemanjangan sel. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu variasi konsentrasi sukrosa. Konsentrasi sukrosa sebagai perlakuan adalah 20 g/l (S1); 30 g/l (S2); 40 g/l (S3); dan 50 g/l (S4), masing- masing 5 ulangan. Peningkatan berat basah kalus tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi sukrosa 30 g/l. Sedangkan berat kering kalus tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi sukrosa 50 g/l, semakin banyak jumlah sukrosa dalam media maka semakin besar berat kalus. Namun berdasarkan uji statistik ANOVA, pemberian variasi konsentrasi pada pertumbuhan kalus menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna kalus yang diamati dari konsentrasi yang berbeda menunjukkan warna putih kekuningan dan dengan tekstur remah. Kata kunci : Zingiber officinale Rosc, pertumbuhan, kalus, sukrosa
Pengaruh Alelokimia Ekstrak Gulma Pilea microphylla terhadap Kandungan Superoksida dan Perkecambahan Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Authors: Astuti Hesti Siti , Darmanti Sri , Haryanti Sri
Published: July 2018

Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis) merupakan salah satu sayuran yang banyak dikonsumsi  masyaraka, namun produksinya sering menurun akibat  gangguan gulma, diantaranya adalah gulma Pilea microphylla. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak alelokimia Pilea microphylla terhadap akumulasi superoksida, perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan awal kecambah sawi hijau. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu factor berupa konsentrasi ekstrak alelokimia Pilea microphylla yaitu : 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% ,  masing-masing perlakuan dengan lima ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kandungan fenol total Pilea microphylla serta kandungan superoksida, laju perkecambahan, persentase perkecambahan, panjang hipokotil, tinggi kecambah, panjang akar, bobot basah, bobot kering dan warna daun gulma Pilea microphylla. Data dianalisis dengan  Analisys of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan fenol total  dalam 100% ekstrak Pilea microphylla adalah 8.242 µg/g. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi alelokimia ekstrak Pilea microphylla menyebabkan kandungan superoksida sawi hijau semakin meningkat dan penurunan pertumbuhan awal kecambah  tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap  laju perkecambahan dan daya perkecambahan sawi hijau.Kata kunci : alelopati, gulma, fenolik, superoksida, Pilea microphylla