bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad de epífitas vasculares en árboles remanentes del género Ficus (Moraceae) en sistemas silvopastoriles del sureste de México
Authors: Trejo-Cruz Iray Atziri , Martínez Camilo Rubén , Martínez-Meléndez Nayely , Jiménez-López Derio Antonio
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: En los sistemas silvopastoriles es posible observar árboles remanentes que proveen de hábitats y recursos a diferentes grupos de organismos. En este estudio se analizó el rol que tienen los árboles remanentes del género Ficus (Moraceae) como refugio para albergar epífitas vasculares en la Depresión Central de Chiapas, México.
Métodos: Se evaluó la presencia de epífitas vasculares en tres sistemas silvopastoriles (dos con pastoreo extensivo y uno intensivo) y dos sitios de bosque tropical seco semiconservado. En cada sitio se seleccionaron árboles adultos de Ficus (20-30 individuos) en los cuales se muestrearon todas las epífitas vasculares (incluyendo hemiepífitas). Se realizaron análisis de varianza para determinar si hay diferencias en la riqueza y diversidad alfa (exponencial del índice de Shannon) entre los sitios, así como análisis multivariado para observar los cambios en la composición de especies.
Resultados clave: Se encontraron 77 especies, distribuidas en 36 géneros y nueve familias. Las familias más abundantes fueron Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae y Cactaceae. En promedio, se detectaron ca. seis especies de epífitas por árbol (máximo 19). La diversidad alfa es mayor en los árboles del bosque semiconservado en comparación con los árboles remanentes presentes en los sistemas silvopastoriles. La composición de especies es heterogénea y diferente entre los sitios del bosque semiconservado y los sistemas silvopastoriles. La mitad de las especies de epífitas fueron exclusivas a un sitio determinado, principalmente en el remanente de bosque con 15 especies.
Conclusiones: Los árboles de Ficus presentan características como una corteza rugosa, ramas gruesas y casi horizontales que facilitan la colonización de epífitas y sirven como relictos de hábitat en los sistemas silvopastoriles. Por lo tanto, contribuyen al mantenimiento de la diversidad total de epífitas vasculares en paisajes altamente modificados.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers’ Anxiety Levels: A Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Lunbo , Yan Ming , Takashima Kaito , Guo Wenru , Yamada Yuki
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a public health emergency of international concern; this has caused excessive anxiety among health care workers. In addition, publication bias and low-quality publications have become widespread, which can result in the dissemination of unreliable findings.

OBJECTIVE

This paper performed a meta-analysis with the following two aims: (1) to examine the prevalence of anxiety among health care workers and determine whether it has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) to investigate whether there has been an increase in publication bias. 

METHODS

All related studies that were published/released from 2015 to 2020 were searched in electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsyArXiv, and medRxiv). The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. The effect size (prevalence rates of anxiety) and a 95% CI for each paper were also calculated. We used a moderator analysis to test for the effect of COVID-19 on health care workers’ anxiety levels and detect publication bias in COVID-19 studies. We also assessed publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger regression.

RESULTS

The pooled meta-analysis prevalence was 35.3% (95% CI: 32.2%−38.4%). The moderator analysis revealed no significant difference between articles related to COVID-19 and those unrelated to COVID-19 (p = 0.831). Moreover, no significant difference was found between articles related to COVID-19 and preprints (p = 0.981). Significant heterogeneity was found in each subgroup. Egger’s tests revealed publication bias in articles related to COVID-19 and preprints (p < 0.001). 

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found no significant differences in the effect sizes (prevalence of anxiety) between studies related and those unrelated to COVID-19. Concluding whether the anxiety state of health care workers is altered by the COVID-19 pandemic currently is difficult. However, we have strong evidence that their anxiety levels are always high, although this could also be a false positive caused by a large publication bias. Moreover, without comparing the results with those of non-healthcare workers, we cannot be sure that their anxiety is particularly high. The present study highlights the need to generalize valid and reliable measurements to more accurately examine health care workers’ anxiety in the future. Furthermore, we found a large publication bias in studies; however, the quality of the studies is relatively stable and reliable.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/24136
The health-related quality of life of patients with a benign gynecological condition: a 2-year follow-up
Authors: Pynnä Kristiina , Räsänen Pirjo , Sintonen Harri , Roine Risto P , Vuorela Piia
Published: April 2021

Aim:
To assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with benign gynecological disorders.
Materials & methods:
Prospective 2-year follow-up with the 15D HRQoL-instrument of 311 women treated in Helsinki-area hospitals in 2012–2013.
Results:
The initially impaired HRQoL regarding excretion, discomfort and symptoms, and vitality and sexual activity improved after treatment. However, only sexual activity reached similar levels as in the general population. Treatment of endometriosis, fibroids and polyps resulted in best and that of unspecific pelvic pain and bleeding disorders in worst HRQoL scores. Results were independent of hospital size.
Conclusion:
The impaired HRQoL dimensions were improved by treatment but HRQoL still remained poorer than in the general female population. Treatment of unspecific pelvic pain and bleeding disorders needs further evaluation.
Basarab loop and the generators of its total multiplication group
Authors: Jaiyeola T. G. , Effiong Gideon
Published: April 2021

A loop (Q; ·) is called a Basarab loop if the identities: (x · yxρ)(xz) = x · yz and (yx) · (xλz · x) = yz · x hold. It was shown that the left, right and middle nuclei of the Basarab loop coincide, and the nucleus of a Basarab loop is the set of elements x whose middle inner mapping Tx are automorphisms. The generators of the inner mapping group of a Basarab loop were refined in terms of one of the generators of the total inner mapping group of a Basarab loop. Necessary and su_cient condition(s) in terms of the inner mapping group (associators) for a loop to be a Basarab loop were established. It was discovered that in a Basarab loop: the mapping x ↦ Tx is an endomorphism if and only if the left (right) inner mapping is a left (right) regular mapping. It was established that a Basarab loop is a left and right automorphic loop and that the left and right inner mappings belong to its middle inner mapping group. A Basarab loop was shown to be an automorphic loop (A-loop) if and only if it is a middle automorphic loop (middle A-loop). Some interesting relations involving the generators of the total multiplication group and total inner mapping group of a Basarab loop were derived, and based on these, the generators of the total inner mapping group of a Basarab loop were finetuned. A Basarab loop was shown to be a totally automorphic loop (TA-loop) if and only if it is a commutative and exible loop. These aforementioned results were used to give a partial answer to a 2013 question and an ostensible solution to a 2015 problem in the case of Basarab loop
Experiencias colectivas de cuidados durante la infancia: dinámicas, debates y tensiones
Authors: Martínez-Buján Raquel , Taboadela Álvarez Obdulia , Del Moral Espín Lucía
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar iniciativas de cuidados de menores en A Coruña que, organizadas por los propios progenitores, trascienden de las opciones públicas y privadas del entorno. Sus resultados se basan en una investigación cualitativa realizada durante los años 2018 y 2019 en la que se han aplicado las técnicas de análisis documental, observación, entrevistas en profundidad y talleres de discusión entre las investigadoras y las participantes. En concreto, se han recogido los discursos y narraciones de 15 personas que participan en actividades de cuidados cuyo fundamento es la colaboración mutua tanto en las tareas de crianza como en su gestión. El documento explora cómo emergen estas prácticas sociales que animan a la politización colectiva de los cuidados, cuál es la filosofía que las sostiene y cuáles son sus debates internos y contradicciones.
Perceptions of the state of health services and the Brexit vote
Authors: Aguilar Fernández Susana , Santana Leitner Andrés
Published: April 2021

The reasons behind the Brexit have been extensively analysed. Different studies have focused on factors as diverse as age, education, ethnicity, income, social class, unemployment, religion, immigration, and the support for parties and leaders, amongst others. No work has however studied the impact of perceptions of the quality of health services. This void is surprising because the Brexiteers repeatedly (and misleadingly) promised that 350 million pounds a week would be spent on the National Health Service (NHS) should the exit option triumph. As people who perceive health services to be bad might benefit from a better endowed NHS, we expect them to show a higher propensity to vote leave. Our results provide strong support for this, even when a wide array of controls is considered. This finding constitutes an original contribution to a crucial international political issue and stresses the importance of perceptions and fake news for voting behaviour.
Sociólogas fundadoras, la memoria oculta de la sociología
Authors: García-Sainz Cristina
Published: April 2021

Este artículo se elabora a partir de la publicación del libro de Lengermann y Niebrugge, Fundadoras de la Sociología y de la Teoría Social; un texto relevante para la sociología recientemente traducido al castellano. En estas páginas se pretende llevar a cabo una labor de difusión que posibilite a estudiantes y personas interesadas ampliar horizontes teóricos y comprender la sociedad desde ángulos diferentes a los adoptados por los sociólogos más conocidos. En este artículo se recuperan ausencias, se localizan piezas que faltaban para completar el puzle de la sociología clásica y se constata la parcialidad de la enseñanza recibida. En consecuencia, posibilita el desarrollo de posiciones críticas ante ciertas teorías de los “padres” de la sociología, como las relativas al determinismo social de Durkheim, la clase social de Marx, o la neutralidad valorativa de Max Weber.
Género, clase y emancipación: una lectura feminista de Erik Olin Wright
Authors: Campillo Poza Inés
Published: April 2021

La obra de Erik O. Wright puede entenderse como una renovación del marxismo sociológico, una tradición que ha mantenido un “matrimonio mal avenido” con el feminismo, por usar la conocida expresión de Hartmann. Este artículo se propone examinar el trabajo de Wright desde una perspectiva feminista. En particular, analiza su reflexión teórica en torno a estos dos problemas: por un lado, la intersección de clase y género en el capitalismo contemporáneo y, por el otro, las vías para la emancipación de las mujeres, prestando especial atención a su idea de una sociedad sin género y a los potenciales efectos de “utopías reales” como los permisos parentales iguales e intransferibles. El objetivo del artículo no es sólo revisar la obra de Wright desde un punto de vista feminista, sino explorar el modo en que su contribución entronca con dilemas y debates del feminismo contemporáneo.
Lahire, Bernard. L’interprétation sociologique des rêves. Paris : La découverte, 2018
Authors: Barbeta Viñas Marc
Published: April 2021

Propuestas teóricas recientes han situado el individuo en el centro de sus explicaciones desde el compromiso de no desocializar, en todos los niveles, el enfoque sociológico. Un ejemplo de ello es la perspectiva contextual disposicionalista desarrollada por el sociólogo francés de l’École Normale Superior de Lyon Bernard Lahire. En una de sus últimas publicaciones, la obra que aquí reseñamos, utiliza este modelo para analizar desde una perspectiva sociológica el fascinante y misterioso fenómeno de los sueños. En este libro, publicado en francés, Lahire nos propone una sugerente aproximación a lo que él mismo define como un programa de investigación dedicado a la sociología de los sueños.
“CIENTUD COM SOFIA.” DIVULGAÇÃO DE CIÊNCIA POR MEIO DE CANAIS DIGITAIS
Authors: Marçal Luisa Luz , Alves Jefferson Marcelo , Cabral Pedro Custodio Pangaio , Reis Mariana Silva Melo dos , Rocha Isabela Evangelista , Silva Thays Almeida da , Freitas Thiago Mayrink Medina
Published: April 2021

O mundo globalizado é marcado pela forte presença de informações veiculadas pela mídia em diferentes meios, o que contribui para o aumento do interesse do público pelo que se mostra nestes canais. Um exemplo disso é o aumento relativo no interesse da busca pela ciência, principalmente no período pandêmico atual (COVID-19), em que os aspectos científicos permeiam a maioria das informações publicadas. Entretanto, a busca por informações pode apresentar certas barreiras como a dificuldade na compreensão dos conteúdos científicos ou até mesmo o encontro com os falsos materiais digitais (“fake news”). A partir desse contexto, esse projeto visou por meio do uso de canais digitais divulgar ciência por intermédio de diferentes materiais, a fim de reconectar as pessoas ao interesse pela busca por conhecimentos científicos, estimulando através da curiosidade o hábito do questionamento. A metodologia utilizada para a produção dos materiais divulgados teve como base a utilização de programas de computadores e aplicativos de celulares para confecções e edições dos materiais digitais criados, e pesquisas bibliográficas baseadas na consulta (e citação) de fontes confiáveis (científicas). A divulgação inicialmente foi vinculada a rede social oficial do grupo: CIENTUD com SOFIA (Instagram: @cientud.sofia), que significa Ciência em Tudo com o grupo de Síntese Orgânica e Formação de bIomateriAs (grupo de pesquisa SOFIA, orientado pela professora Luisa Marçal - IFRJ). Com o CIENTUD com SOFIA, observou-se que através das redes sociais e com mídias digitais produzidas a partir de fontes científicas utilizando método didático e lúdico é possível contribuir para disseminar ciência de forma abrangente e interessante para todos.
Faktor-Faktor Risiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rawang Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2020
Authors: Kartika Mory , Subakir Subakir , Mirsiyanto Eko
Published: April 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2015 menunjukkan sekitar 1,13 miliar orang di dunia menyandang hipertensi. Jumlah penderita hipertensi yang terhitung pada bulan Februari – Maret sebanyak 122 orang, bulan Juni sebanyak 72 orang dan bulan Juli sebanyak 22 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawang Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Penelitian ini bertempat di pemukiman wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawang Kota Sungai Penuh yang dilakukan pada bulan September 2020.  Populasi dalam penelitian ini kelompok kasus adalah seluruh pasien yang menderita hipertensi pada bulan Juni-Juli 2020 yang berjumlah 72 orang. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini secara univariat dan bivariat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan kegemukan dan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawang Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2020 dimana nilai p < 0,05. Tidak ada hubungan stres dengan kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rawang Kota Sungai Penuh Tahun 2020. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan kepada tenaga medis khususnya dalam melakukan identifikasi dan intervensi hipertensi dan faktor risikonya sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesehatan penderita hipertensi.

Kata Kunci: kegemukan, merokok, stres, hipertensi
Analisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) dan upah minimum provinsi (UMP) terhadap kemiskinan di Kabupaten Merangin
Authors: Agustin Nadya , Hidayat M Syurya , Umiyati Etik
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze: 1) The effect of economic growth, HDI, and Provincial minimum wage (PMW) on poverty levels in Merangin Regency. 2) The effect of economic growth, HDI, and PMW on the depth of poverty in Merangin Regency. 3) The effect of economic growth, HDI, and PMW on the severity of poverty in Merangin Regency. The data used are secondary data during the period 2002-2017. Data analysis tool using multiple linear regression method. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that: 1) Simultaneously, economic growth, HDI, and PMW have a significant effect on the level, depth, and severity of poverty in Merangin Regency. 2) Partially economic growth has a significant effect on the level, depth, and severity of poverty in Merangin Regency, 3) HDI partially has a significant effect on the level, depth, and severity of poverty in Merangin Regency. 4) The PMW partially has a significant effect on the poverty level, but the PMW has no significant effect on the depth and severity of poverty in Merangin Regency.
Keywords: Poverty, Economic growth, HDI,Provincial minimum wage(PMW)
Pengaruh pendapatan asli daerah, dana alokasi umum, dan dana alokasi khusus terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Anjelina Pebby , Zamzami Zamzami , Nurhayani Nurhayani
Published: April 2021

This study aims, (1) To analyze the development of local revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and economic growth in the districts/municipalities of Jambi Province (2) To determine the effect of local revenue, general allocation funds, and special allocation funds on district economic growth/City of Jambi Province partially and simultaneously. Data sourced from the Jambi Province Central Bureau of Statistics and the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance using panel data analysis methods and using descriptive analysis tools. Based on the results of data processing, the following results are obtained: First, the average development of the variable local revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and fluctuating economic growth from year to year. second, (1) local revenue and special allocation funds have a negative and significant effect on the economic growth of districts/cities in Jambi Province. (2) General allocation funds have a negative and insignificant effect on the economic growth of districts/cities in Jambi Province.
Keywords: Economic growth, Locally-generated revenue, General allocation funds, Special allocation funds Province.
Analisis pengaruh pendapatan perkapita dan belanja modal terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Pulau Sumatera
Authors: Tri Septiani Wenny , Zamzami Zamzami , Mustika Candra
Published: April 2021

This study aims to: 1) To analyze and determine the development of per capita income, capital expenditure, and poverty levels on the island of Sumatra. 2) To analyze and determine the effect of per capita income and capital expenditure on poverty levels in Sumatra Island. The research analysis tool used panel data regression analysis tools. Based on the results of panel data regression, it can be concluded that per capita income and capital expenditure on the poverty level together have a significant effect. Whereas partially only the per capita income variable had a significant and negative effect on the poverty level, while capital expenditure had no significant and positive effect on the poverty level.
Keywords: Poverty rate, Per capita income, Capital expenditures
Analisis belanja daerah menurut urusan dan hubungannya terhadap jumlah pengangguran di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Naza Danal Al Ahlul , Rahmadi Selamet , Rosmeli Rosmeli
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine and analyze: 1). The dynamics of regional expenditure development according to functions, namely mandatory and optional functions as well as the number of unemployed people in Jambi Province during the period 2008 - 2018, 2). Allocation of regional expenditure to regional expenditure according to mandatory and optional functions in Jambi Province during the period 2008 - 2018 and 3). The relationship between regional expenditure according to mandatory functions and optional functions to the number of unemployed people in Jambi Province during the period 2008-2018. The data analysis method used in this study was the Pearson development, ratio, and correlation formulas. Based on the results of research during the years 2010-2018, the results are regional expenditure according to mandatory functions, regional expenditure according to selected functions, and the number of unemployed in Jambi Province has increased on average. The allocation of regional expenditures according to mandatory functions and regional expenditures according to selected functions in Jambi Province has increased on average. Expenditures according to mandatory functions and expenditures according to selected functions have a very strong and negative relationship to the number of unemployed in Jambi Province during 2010-2018 at α = 1% two-tailed (2-tailed) test.

Keywords: Obligatory affairs, regional spending according to selected functions, the number of unemployed
Pengaruh upah minimum, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan investasi terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor industri di Provinsi Jambi tahun 2000-2018
Authors: Anggraini Rita , Hari Prihanto Purwaka , Safri Muhammad
Published: April 2021

This study aims to: 1) To determine the development of labor absorption in the industrial sector, minimum wages, economic growth, and industrial investment in Jambi Province 2000-2018. 2) To determine the effect of minimum wages, economic growth, and industrial investment on labor absorption in Jambi Province 2000-2018. The research analysis tool uses multiple linear regression analysis tools. Based on the results of the F test, it is known or obtained a probability significance of 0.000 is smaller than alpha 5 percent, namely 0.05. This means that the minimum wage, economic growth, and investment variables together have a significant effect on the labor absorption variable. The variable that has a significant effect on labor absorption in the industrial sector in Jambi Province is the minimum wage variable because the probability value is 0.018 where the probability value is less than 0.05, while the variables of economic growth and industrial investment do not have a significant effect on employment in the sector. industry in Jambi Province because the probability value is greater than 0.05.
Keywords: Minimum wages, Economic growth, Investment and Absorption of industrial sector workers
COVID-19 in a Pregnant Patient with Beta-Thalassemia Major: A Case Report
Authors: Hailan Yousef , Sayed Gamal , yassin mohamed
Published: April 2021

We report a case of a 35-years-old Lebanese pregnant lady with a
background of beta-thalassemia major who was diagnosed with COVID-19
infection (Cycle threshold value 18) during her 23rd gestational week.
Unfortunately, the pregnancy outcome was unfavorable. To our knowledge,
this is the first report of such a case
Long stent graft for frozen elephant trunk repair in acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Wang Chaojie , Zhang Wenqian , Peng Jihai , He Jie , Xu Wenliu , Chen Guangtian , Fan Xiaoping
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES: The frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique has become an
important tool in the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection. The
aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long FET on spinal cord
injury (SCI) and distal aortic remodeling after acute type A aortic
dissection based on clinical and radiological outcomes. METHODS: From
January 2018 to November 2019, 158 patients [mean age 51.8 years
(range 32 - 78 years), 88.6% male] with acute type A aortic
dissection were treated by FET with 100 mm (n=113) or 150 mm (n=45) open
hybrid stent graft prosthesis. Patients were divided into two groups
according to the length of FET. The clinical and radiological outcomes
of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Postoperative
outcomes did not differ significantly: in-hospital mortality (9.7% vs
6.7%, P=0.758) and SCI (5.3% vs 2.2%, P=0.674). Aortic remodeling,
which was evaluated by aortic diameter, true lumen diameter, false lumen
diameter and the rate of false lumen complete thrombosis, was more
positive in long FET group in the descending thoracic aorta during the
follow-up period. At the abdominal level, there was no statistically
significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The long
version of FET does not increase the risk of SCI in patients with acute
type A aortic dissection. The application of long FET can achieve better
results in terms of remodeling of the thoracic aorta in the short- and
medium-term follow-up.
The Problematic Lag between FDA Approval of Medical Devices and CMS Coverage
Authors: Knight Bradley , Deering Thomas , Gold Michael , Mittal Suneet , Singh Jagmeet
Published: April 2021

Significant changes or cancellation of MCIT could result in limiting
access to breakthrough medical technologies that could improve the
health and well-being of Medicare beneficiaries. For these reasons, we
encourage federal agencies to work together and CMS to implement the
MCIT rule without delay to ensure timely access to breakthrough
technologies
STAT3 but Not ERK2 Is a Crucial Mediator Against Diet-Induced Obesity via VMH Neurons
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriel Henrique Marques , Tristão Sabrina Mara , Volpi Rafaella Eduarda , Almeida-Pereira Gislaine , de Carvalho Borges Beatriz , Donato José , de Castro Margaret , Antunes-Rodrigues José , Elias Lucila Leico Kagohara
Published: April 2021

Leptin plays an important role in the protection against diet-induced obesity (DIO) by its actions in ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) neurons. However, little is known about the intracellular mechanisms involved in these effects. To assess the role of the STAT3 and ERK2 signaling in neurons that express the steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) in the VMH in energy homeostasis, we used cre-lox technology to generate male and female mice with specific disruption of STAT3 or ERK2 in SF1 neurons of the VMH. We demonstrated that the conditional knockout of STAT3 in SF1 neurons of the VMH did not affect body weight, food intake, energy expenditure, or glucose homeostasis in animals on regular chow. However, with high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, loss of STAT3 in SF1 neurons caused a significant increase in body weight, food intake, and energy efficiency that was more remarkable in females, which also showed a decrease in energy expenditure. In contrast, deletion of ERK2 in SF1 neurons of VMH did not have any impact on energy homeostasis in both regular diet and HFD conditions. In conclusion, STAT3 but not ERK2 signaling in SF1 neurons of VMH plays a crucial role in protection against DIO in a sex-specific pattern.
Review on the Effect of Heat Stress on Poultry Production and Productivities
Authors: Bekele Getachew
Published: April 2021

Heat stress is a situation where too much heat is absorbed by a person, a plant or an animal and causes stress, illness or even death. Therefore, the objective of this review was to compile current knowledge and evidence from literature about the effects of heat stress in poultry production, and productivities. Heat stress is manifested by elevated body temperature, hot, dry skin, lack of sweating and neurological symptoms such as paralysis, headache, vertigo and unconsciousness. Poultry seems to be particularly sensitive to temperature-associated environmental challenges, especially heat stress. In the first days of their life poultry need hot climate (32-38°C), but the optimal temperature decreases rapidly with age by 2.5-3.0°C per week. Birds may use sand baths to dissipate the heat from the body, move to a shaded area or seek a micro-environment that avoids extremely high environmental temperature. Birds rose in an open-sided house at 37°C and humidity level of 50-60% showed signs of panting and wing lifting, elevation of body temperature, lower feed consumption, a higher feed conversion ratio, and lowered body weight gain. In females, heat stress can disrupt the normal status of reproductive hormones at the hypothalamus and ovary leading to reduced systemic levels and functions. Also in males, semen volume, sperm concentration, number of live sperm cells and motility decrease when subjected to heat stress. In egg production, heat stress has a significant harmful impact on body weight, and feed consumption of laying hens at peak production, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, and gravity. Both meat type and egg laying chickens respond negatively to high ambient temperatures. Heat stress reduces the relative weights of lymphoid organs like spleen, thymus and cloacae bursa.
Impact of Protein Diet Supplements on Athletes
Authors: Athar Mohammad
Published: April 2021

Protein supplements are one of the most commonly consumed nutritional supplements, whether by professional athletes or amateurs, even by those who use them for aesthetic purposes instead of sporting ones. The thirst for becoming better is increasing day by day and so is the quest for competition. Sports have been one of the greatest of platforms to showcase one’s talent, thus leading to constant hustle for getting better day by day. To improve the performance, diet and physical appearance of the body i.e. muscle growth of athletes, sports nutrient products are developed. The use of these protein supplements in diet has increased the physiological requirement of protein but whether the use of these supplements is having positive or negative effect on the host is still a topic of debate for many. Large amount of protein derived constituents end up in the large intestine in case of high protein diets as compared to medium or low protein diets, leading to more bacterial amino acid metabolism in colon having positive as well as negative effects on the host. We, here, will try to summarize the impact of protein diet supplements on athletes.
PARÁSITOS METAZOARIOS Y OTROS EPIBIONTES EN EL OSTIÓN DEL PLACER CRASSOSTREA CORTEZIENSIS (HERTLEIN, 1951) EN DOS ZONAS COSTERAS DEL PACÍFICO MEXICANO
Authors: Tejeda-Arenas Denisse , Medina-Jasso Alejandra , Nieves-Soto Mario , Grano-Maldonado Mayra I.
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia de parásitos metazoarios y epibiontes en el ostión del placer Crassostrea corteziensis (Hertlein, 1951)  en dos localidades costeras y pesqueras del estado de Sinaloa, en el noroeste del Pacífico mexicano.  Se colectaron 30 ostiones en la cooperativa pesquera de “Playa norte” en la bahía de Mazatlán, Sinaloa y se realizó una comparación con la presencia de parásitos en ostiones en la laguna costera de “Ceuta”. La inspección de ostiones en la laguna costera reveló la presencia de 36 metacercarias encapsuladas de la familia Acanthocolpidae en la gónada del ostión C. corteziensis. En la bahía de Mazatlán, en la zona de Playa norte, se encontraron seis metacercarias: tres de la sp. 1 (pertenece a la familia  Hemiuridae) en el manto, un espécimen de sp.2 (Familia Fellodistomidae) en la glándula digestiva y una metacercaria sp3. no identificada en el manto, una metacercaria de (Familia Zoogonidae) en la glándula digestiva, dos nemátodos de vida libre del género Theristus sp. Como organismos epibiontes se encontraron siete ejemplares de poliquetos de la familia Nereididae en la concha de los ostiones. Este trabajo reporta por primera vez la invasión del digeneo Stephanostomum sp. Looss, 1899 de la familia Acanthocolpidae parásito de la gónada del ostión  C. corteziensis en el Pacífico mexicano. Así como, la presencia de digeneos pertenecientes a la familia  Fellodistomidae, Hemiuridae y Zoogonidae.  Los resultados de este trabajo contribuyen al conocimiento en la biología, la biodiversidad y la preferencia del hospedero de estos parásitos, con posibles implicaciones en los riesgos para la salud que plantea el consumo humano del ostión del placer, con gran regionalización en el consumo de mariscos crudos que presentan amplia identidad social gastronómica en estas zonas costeras en el Pacífico mexicano.
25. Snapping Turtle Conservation in Ontario
Authors: Wilson Rachel , Samuel Payal , Teather Molly , Usher Leslie , Windsor Jake
Published: April 2021

Populations of snapping turtles are declining in Ontario. These reptiles play essential roles in wetland habitats through removal of dead animals and weeds, and their eggs provide food sources for mammals and birds. Despite being listed as a species of special concern under Ontario’s Endangered Species Act, hunting of snapping turtles is permitted in some regions of Ontario. Snapping turtles are further threatened by pollution, road mortality, and habitat loss. The developmental process of this species also acts as an obstacle to their recovery, as sexual maturity is not reached until the age of 16-19 and only 7 out of 10,000 eggs is expected to survive to adulthood.  With the assistance of contacts at the Suzuki Foundation, Guelph University, and other institutions, we intend to develop a conservation strategy for snapping turtles that consists of four components. First, we recommend a government-mandated, province-wide survey of snapping turtle statistics to determine turtle populations and threats. Then we will address whether sustainable hunting is possible. The current catch allowance of two turtles per person daily, as deemed sustainable by the MNR, should be suspended until further review. Next, barriers to recovery will be addressed. Prevention of threats could be achieved through conservation area designations, signs indicating turtle presence, information on how to avoid causing turtle injury and distribution of information to persons whose property contains snapping turtle habitat. Finally, increasing public awareness of snapping turtle demographics is crucial to our strategy. Education through multiple channels will generate public interest and funding.
Canada at Peace and Soldiers at War: Canadian U.N. Soldiers in Korea, Egypt, and Vietnam
Authors: Jaques Bronwyn
Published: April 2021

In recent years, Canadian peacekeeping and UN involvement has assumed a place of high regard, reverence, and veneration, often at the expense of Canada’s military past. While its glorification is in many ways justified, the mythology surrounding Canada’s peacekeeping role has compelled many Canadians to view Canada solely as a peacekeeping nation. As a result, peacekeeping has become the “touchstone of our identity.” This mythology distorts the reality of Canadian military action to the point where Canadian veterans of NATO conflicts are often forgotten and it ignores the fact that many of the first peacekeepers left Canada “virtually unnoticed,” without the recognition and support of their nation. The mythology of peacekeeping misrepresents Canadian military conflicts and ignores that, in spite of the characterization of peacekeepers as nonviolent and unbiased actors, the majority of them were first and foremost Canadian soldiers, many of whom veterans of World War II. For the soldiers who came of age on the battlefields of Europe, the role of peacekeeping was a frustrating and politically charged experience, whereby they held no power and they felt they made very little positive impact. Despite the virtually universal glorification and celebration of peacekeepers in recent years, investigation of the “Cold War Home Front” demonstrates the difficulties faced by Canadian NATO soldiers, U.N. peacekeepers and their families in a society that wanted to move beyond the years of struggle, pain and sacrifice in war time and had little sympathy for the men and women who ‘chose’ to leave their families to serve in wars their nation was not fighting.
The Process of Finding Self and Root in a Society Controlled and Dominated by Whiteness Power
Authors: Shui Qian (Jane)
Published: April 2021

In an environment and faculty predominantly dominated by whiteness and capitalism, while being a member of the minority that differ from the accepted Western heterosexual norm, I would like to explore the journey of myself, as well as my colleagues, renegotiating with differences to establish ourselves, and re-claim power. Research is planned to be conducted through application of gender studies and feminist concepts to interviews of experiences of students who are racially diverse and different from the majority.
An Infrared Examination of Edward Hopper’s High Noon
Authors: Longo Ian
Published: April 2021

An unprovenanced oil study, purportedly by the early American realist Edward Hopper (188* -1967), was purchased in 2007 on eBay by a pair of brothers from Ontario. It is a smaller, poorly-executed near-copy of Hopper’s High Noon at the Dayton Art Institute. Given that detailed diary entries by Hopper’s wife, Josephine, note only that four charcoal sketches preceded the final version of High Noon, and fail to mention an oil study, Gail Levin, the author of Hopper’s catalogue raisonné, has conservatively concluded that it can at best be assigned to a dedicated follower. Can Infrared Reflectography of the two paintings shed light on the question of authenticity? Many pigments used by Hopper become transparent in the Near Infrared spectrum, a fact verified by a test-panel. By using a DSLR camera, converted to detect IR, charcoal sketches on the primed canvas of the original were revealed. While IR Reflectography reveals earlier stages in the composition of the authentic High Noon, stages suggested by the charcoal sketches, IR does not provide positive proof for the authenticity of the oil sketch. The issue of authenticity became further complicated when the media, led by the Globe and Mail, took up the case of the owners and overstated the IR results. At present the IR investigation suggests only that the oil study was painted by a follower working from either Josephine’s diary or, more intriguingly, from Hopper’s own sketches, which are held in a private collection.
La clé de l’incomprehénsible
Authors: Stevenson Laura
Published: April 2021

À une époque où les habiletés de communication font partie des compétences de base du XXIe siècle, on se rend compte que l’obsession avec le langage dans les théories littéraires des années 50 et 60 est justifiée. La communication reste le rôle principal du langage, mais le contenu de cette communication a beaucoup changé. Presque chaque romancier appartenant au mouvement du nouveau roman utilise le langage de façon très différente de celle dont nous avons l’habitude en expérimentant avec le langage, en l’étirant de tous les côtés afin de lui donner une nouvelle dimension. Il ne s’agit plus de communiquer des idées et des sentiments, mais plutôt de se pencher sur le langage lui-même, de se réinventer pour que l’écrivain puisse mettre sur papier ce qu’il ressente : des sensations, des perceptions, des soupçons.Nathalie Sarraute, par exemple, perçoit le langage dans le sens mallarméen du terme, c’est-à-dire, « essentiel », complexe et qui produit du sens. En dehors du langage elle affirme l’existence d’une substance non-verbale qu’elle appelle « l’innommé » ou le « non-nommé » et le langage sert justement de médiateur entre les sensations que l’écrivain veut exprimer et son lecteur.Avec Robbe-Grillet, Claude Simon et Michel Butor, le langage dans le roman joue un rôle important car il force le lecteur à changer sa façon de lire afin de comprendre le roman. Les jeux de mots et l’insistance sur les descriptions des objets font penser le lecteur qu’il doit absolument trouver la clé afin de comprendre l’incompréhensible.
La fonction et le rôle de la représentation physique dans L’écume des jours de Michel Gondry
Authors: Lewis Kaitlin
Published: April 2021

Avec des images telles qu’une araignée comme sonnette et une souris arborant le visage d’un homme, le film L’écume des jours donne l’impression de se dérouler comme un rêve d’enfant. Boris Vian a écrit L’écume des jours dans les années 40, puis le film, adapté par Michel Gondry, le réalisateur d’Eternal Sunshine of a Spotless Mind, est sorti en 2013. Gondry est reonnu pour son style visuel inventif. Le monde qu’il crée dans ce film est un spectacle remarquable et charmant. L’écume des jours utilise le surréalisme pour exprimer une histoire d’amour classique de Colin (Romain Duris) et Chloé (Audrey Tatou). Mais leur monde parfait et leur maison changent peu de temps après le mariage quand ils découvrent qu'un nénuphar pousse dans le poumon de Chloé. Alors que l’état de Chloé s'aggrave rapidement, leur maison et les alentours se dégradent eux aussi. À travers le film, les sentiments et les émotions des personnages prennent forme dans le monde réel. Les images surréalistes dans l’oeuvre soutiennent l’intrigue et l’ambiance en donnant une manifestation visuelle. Vian parle des contextes sociaux d’une manière controversée sous l’apparence des scènes pittoresque comme dans un conte des fées. Gondry fait contraster des images fantaisistes et légères avec des sentiments sombres et des critiques puissantes de la société. Dans L’écume des jours, la représentation physique est liée à l’espace que Gondry et Vian ont créé pour susciter une discussion.
Le rôle des femmes selon la perspective des narrateurs peu fiables
Authors: Ingola Jordan , Oh Jessica , Tumino Rebecca
Published: April 2021

Notre présentation examinera les rôles des personnages féminins dans les films Dans la maison et Tous les matins du monde en analysant la narration peu fiable des personnages principaux, Claude et Marin Marais. Chaque personnage manipule la réalité, ce qui les rend non fiables. Claude mélange la réalité et la fiction pour inspirer et développer son histoire, sous la forme d’expression de son écriture. De la même manière, Marin omet certains aspects de la réalité en racontant l’histoire de son apprentissage avec Sainte Colombe, mais d’une manière qui n’est pas délibérée. À cause de cette narration peu fiable, les narrateurs aussi omettent certains aspects de la vie des personnages féminins. Les deux narrateurs, Claude et Marin, ignorent Jeanne et Esther, ce qui, par conséquent, force ces femmes à affirmer leur propre rôle dans la narration. À cause de la narration peu fiable, les figures féminines dans les deux films sont presque indétectables (ce qui se détache de la réalité) jusqu’au point où elles interviennent dans l’histoire. Éventuellement, les narrateurs ne peuvent plus nier l’importance du rôle des femmes, ce qui les force à les inclure à là fin de leurs histoires respectives, et de rapporter une version de réalité qui est plus juste.
Mity korzenne a mity rdzenne – implikacje moralne
Authors: Zweiffel Maciej
Published: April 2021

The text tells about functioning of mythological thinking in novel Drach by Szczepan Twadochand so colled Smolensk poetry, and then shows the manner in which such a thinking isemployed to familiarize the cruel and accidental reality. The article also compares moralattitudes contecting with these both kinds of myths (spice and fundamental).Key words: mythological thinking, moral attitude, homeland (Heimat), monism, manicheism,martyrological cycle, cliche
Samorządna Rzeczpospolita – samorządna wyspa na niedemokratycznym oceanie. Koncepcje samoorganizacji społecznej w czasach pierwszej „Solidarności”
Authors: Kozioł Ryszard
Published: April 2021

In the times of the “First Solidarity” (1980–1981), the idea of self-government was one of thekey fragments of the socio-political system change concept. The specific connection of thebottom-up activity of the working class with the activity of the political and intellectual elitesresulted in the appearance of numerous, different models and solutions, the culmination ofwhich was the concept of “Self-governing Republic”. The central category and basic way of itsrealization was in the mechanism of self-organization of the society, and its purpose was todemocratize the political system. The change of the political situation, started by introducingthe martial law caused the slow abandonment of the earlier suggested solutions. Among thecriticism directed towards the “Self-governing Republic” there were the accusations of itsutopianism and uselessness. The concept that seemed revelatory in its time, turned out to beuseless in the new reality, but its creator ideas survived.Key words: Self-governing Republic, NSZZ Solidarity, concepts of the governmentself-organization, utopia
MEMBANTU NAGARI MEMBANGUN DI AUR KUNING KECAMATAN PASAMAN KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Nurmiati Nurmiati , Prastika Ossy Y. , Fadhlan M. Fiqri
Published: April 2021

Nagari Aua Kuniang is one of the Nagari in Pasaman Subdistrict, West Pasaman Regency, having an area of 13,745 km2 consisting of 6 jorong, Jorong Padang Tujuh, Sukomananti, Pinaga, Lubuak Landua, Bukik Nilam and Lembah Binuang. The Income of the community depend on plantations such as Oil Palm and Cocoa and crops planting such as corn and with existing tourism potential such as mountain tourism, waterfalls and most importantly cultural tourism and religious tourism such as prohibited fish in the Surau Inyiak Lubuak Landua complex, then the development of the Aua Kuniang village is very likely to be developed. The low level of public education is one of the factors that can hinder the development of the nagari. To help nagari Aua Kuniang develop, counseling, training or pilot activities are conducted covering the fields of Nutrition and Health, the Environment, Education, Religion and Culture and the Law and Human Rights, which are carried out through the KKN-PPM program from Andalas University involving students from various study programs. During the program implementation, counseling, training or piloting have been carried out 12 programs in the field of Nutrition and Health, 9 programs in the field Environment, 11 programs in the field of Education, Religion and Culture and Law and 7 programs in the field of Human Rights.
Resistencia a Phytophthora infestans: Efecto de la variedad y de la fertilización sobre la presencia del “tizón tardío” o “rancha de la papa” (Solanum tuberosum)
Authors: Leiva Espinoza Santos Triunfo , Román Peña Alcides , García Pérez Aguinaldo , Silva Valqui Gelver , Vera Obando Nora Yessenia
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo se realizó en la localidad de Quipachacha (provincia de Chachapoyas, Amazonas), a 2400 m.s.n.m. Se evaluaron tres tipos de fertilización y su influencia en la incidencia del “tizón tardío o rancha” (Phytophthora infestans), en dos variedades de papa, Luyanita (resistente) y Huayro Amazonense (mediana resistencia), con el fin de determinar el mejor tratamiento de fertilización y variedad como alternativas de represión contra esta enfermedad. El diseño experimental fue DBCA con ocho tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Se evaluaron tres tipos de fertilización (química, orgánica y la combinación química-orgánica) con un testigo por cada variedad, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: T1=testigo variedad Luyanita; T2=fertilización químico-orgánica variedad Luyanita; T3=fertilización orgánica variedad Luyanita; T4=fertilización química variedad Luyanita; T5=testigo variedad Huayro; T6= fertilización químico-orgánica variedad Huayro; T7=fertilización orgánica variedad Huayro; y T8=fertilización química variedad Huayro. La frecuencia de las evaluaciones fue semanal y se determinó el área bajo la curva del progreso de la enfermedad (ABCPE). Los tubérculos fueron clasificados a la cosecha para posteriormente evaluar el rendimiento. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre tratamientos para ABCPE. Los niveles de incidencia fueron menores en la variedad Luyanita (T2, T3, T4) quien además alcanzó los mayores rendimientos de tubérculo.