bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Chern numbers in a perovskite-derived dice lattice (LaXO3)3/(LaAlO3)3(111) with X = Ti, Mn and Co
Authors: Köksal Okan , Li L. L. , Pentcheva Rossitza
Published: June 2023

The dice lattice, containing a stack of three triangular lattices, has been proposed to exhibit nontrivial flat bands with nonzero Chern numbers, but unlike the honeycomb lattice it is much less studied. By employing density-functional theory (DFT) calculations with an on-site Coulomb repulsion term, we explore systematically the electronic and topological properties of (LaXO3)3/(LaAlO3)3(111) superlattices with X = Ti, Mn and Co, where a LaAlO3 trilayer spacer confines the LaXO3 (LXO) dice lattice. In the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) with symmetry constrained to P3, the ferromagnetic (FM) phase of the LXO(111) trilayers exhibits a half-metallic band structure with multiple Dirac crossings and coupled electron-hole pockets around the Fermi energy. Symmetry lowering induces a significant rearrangement of bands and triggers a metal-to-insulator transition. Inclusion of SOC leads to a substantial anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) around the Fermi energy reaching values up to $$\sim -3e^2/h$$

∼
-
3

e
2

/
h

for X = Mn and Co in P3 symmetry and both in- and out-of-plane magnetization directions in the first case and along [001] in the latter. The dice lattice emerges as a promising playground to realise nontrivial topological phases with high Chern numbers.
Molecular and biological activities of metal oxide-modified bioactive glass
Authors: Tiama Taha M. , Elhaes Hanan , Ibrahim Medhat A. , Refaat Ahmed , El-Mansy Mohamed A. M. , Sabry Noha M.
Published: June 2023

Bioactive glass (BG) was prepared by sol–gel method following the composition 60-($$x$$
x
) SiO2.34CaO.6P2O5, where x = 10 (FeO, CuO, ZnO or GeO). Samples were then studied with FTIR. Biological activities of the studied samples were processed with antibacterial test. Model molecules for different glass compositions were built and calculated with density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31 g(d) level. Some important parameters such as total dipole moment (TDM), HOMO/LUMO band gap energy (ΔE), and molecular electrostatic potential beside infrared spectra were calculated. Modeling data indicated that P4O10 vibrational characteristics are enhanced by the addition of SiO2.CaO due to electron rush resonating along whole crystal. FTIR results confirmed that the addition of ZnO to P4O10.SiO2.CaO significantly impacted the vibrational characteristics, unlike the other alternatives CuO, FeO and GeO that caused a smaller change in spectral indexing. The obtained values of TDM and ΔE indicated that P4O10.SiO2.CaO doped with ZnO is the most reactive composition. All the prepared BG composites showed antibacterial activity against three different pathogenic bacterial strains, with ZnO-doped BG demonstrating the highest antibacterial activity, confirming the molecular modeling calculations.
Growth, allergen profile and microbiome studies in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus cultures
Authors: Calzada D. , Martín-López L. , Carnés Jerónimo
Published: June 2023

Mites are mass-cultured to manufacture allergen extracts for allergy diagnostics and therapeutic treatment. This study focused on characterizing the growth, the allergen profile, and the microbiome of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus cultures. Mite population, protein profile, total protein content and major allergen levels (Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 23) were monitored at different times of three independent cultures. The allergenicity was studied by immunoblot using a pool of sera from allergic patients. Mite microbiome was characterized by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene from 600 adult mites from the last day of the culture. Endotoxin content was also analyzed. The cultures had a fast and unrelenting evolution. Mite density, total protein content, major allergen levels and the allergenicity were increased progressively during the cultures. Regarding the microbiome studies, the results confirm the presence of non-pathogenic bacteria, being firmicutes and actinobacteria the most common bacterial taxa, with a very low content of Gram-negative bacteria and endotoxin content. The allergenicity and levels of the main allergens in the mite cultures are objective methods useful to monitor the mite culture that help to produce standardized allergen extracts. The high presence of Gram-positive bacteria found limits the possibility for vaccine contamination by bacterial endotoxins.
Plasma heavy metal levels correlate with deregulated gene expression of detoxifying enzymes in osteoporotic patients
Authors: Visconti V. V. , Gasperini B. , Greggi C. , Battistini B. , Messina A. , Renzi M. , Bakhtafrouz K. , Iundusi R. , Botta A. , Palombi L. , Tarantino U.
Published: June 2023

Heavy metal levels appear to be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and the consequent osteoporosis risk, but the relationship with the disease has not been clearly defined. The altered expression pattern of numerous genes, including detoxifying genes, seems to play a pivotal role in this context, leading to increased susceptibility to several diseases, including osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to analyse circulating heavy metals levels and the expression of detoxifying genes in osteoporotic patients (OPs, n = 31), compared with healthy subjects (CTRs, n = 32). Heavy metals concentration in plasma samples was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the subsequent expression analysis of NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), Catalase (CAT), and Metallothionein 1E (MT1E) genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo) and lead (Pb) were found to be significantly higher in the plasma of OPs compared to CTRs. Analysis of the expression levels of detoxifying genes showed a significant decrease in CAT and MT1E in OP group. In addition, Cu correlated positively with the expression levels of both CAT and MT1E in CTRs group and MT1E in OPs. This study shows an increased circulating concentration of certain metals combined with an altered expression pattern of detoxifying genes in OPs, highlighting a novel aspect to be investigated in order to better characterize the role of metals in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
Molecular cloning, prokaryotic expression and its application potential evaluation of interferon (IFN)-ω of forest musk deer
Authors: Wu Xi , Yang Wei , Cheng Jian-guo , Luo Yan , Fu Wen-long , Zhou Lei , Wu Jie , Wang Yin , Zhong Zhi-jun , Yang Ze-xiao , Yao Xue-ping , Ren Mei-shen , Li Yi-meng , Liu Jie , Ding Hui , Chen Jia-nan
Published: June 2023

Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) are currently a threatened species under conservation, and the development of captive populations is restricted by health problems. To evaluate the application potential of interferon (IFN)-ω in the prevention and control of forest musk deer disease, 5 forest musk deer IFN-ω (fmdIFNω) gene sequences were successfully obtained by homologous cloning method for the first time. FmdIFNω5 was selected and recombinant fmdIFNω protein (rIFNω) was successfully expressed by pGEX-6P-1 plasmid and E. coli expression system. The obtained protein was used to stimulate forest musk deer lung fibroblasts cells FMD-C1 to determine its regulatory effect on interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In addition, an indirect ELISA method based on anti-rIFNω serum was established to detect endogenous IFN-ω levels in 8 forest musk deer. The results showed that there were 18 amino acid differences among the 5 fmdIFNω subtypes, all of which had the basic structure to exert the activity of type I IFN and were close to Cervus elaphus IFN-ω in the phylogenetic tree. The protein expressed was 48 kDa, and the transcription levels of all ISGs were increased in FMD-C1 cells stimulated by rIFNω, and the amount of transcription accumulation was time-dependent. Meanwhile, Anti-rIFNω serum of mice could react with both rIFNω and forest musk deer serum, and the OD450nm value of forest musk deer serum with the most obvious symptoms was the highest, suggesting that the level of natural IFN-ω in different forest musk deer could be monitored by the rIFNω-based ELISA method. These results indicate that fmdIFNω has the potential as an antiviral drug and an early indication of innate immunity, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of forest musk deer diseases.
Wound healing responses of urinary extravasation after urethral injury
Authors: Hyuga Taiju , Fujimoto Kota , Hashimoto Daiki , Tanabe Kazuya , Kubo Taro , Nakamura Shigeru , Ueda Yuko , Fujita-Jimbo Eriko , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Suzuki Kentaro , Osaka Hitoshi , Asamura Shinichi , Moriya Kimihiko , Nakai Hideo , Yamada Gen
Published: June 2023

The post-surgical fluid leakage from the tubular tissues is a critical symptom after gastrointestinal or urinary tract surgeries. Elucidating the mechanism for such abnormalities is vital in surgical and medical science. The exposure of the fluid such as peritonitis due to urinary or gastrointestinal perforation has been reported to induce severe inflammation to the surrounding tissue. However, there have been no reports for the tissue responses by fluid extravasation and assessment of post-surgical and injury complication processes is therefore vital. The current model mouse study aims to investigate the effect of the urinary extravasation of the urethral injuries. Analyses on the urinary extravasation affecting both urethral mesenchyme and epithelium and the resultant spongio-fibrosis/urethral stricture were performed. The urine was injected from the lumen of urethra exposing the surrounding mesenchyme after the injury. The wound healing responses with urinary extravasation were shown as severe edematous mesenchymal lesions with the narrow urethral lumen. The epithelial cell proliferation was significantly increased in the wide layers. The mesenchymal spongio-fibrosis was induced by urethral injury with subsequent extravasation. The current report thus offers a novel research tool for surgical sciences on the urinary tract.
Micro-architecture design exploration template for AutoML case study on SqueezeSEMAuto
Authors: Chantrapornchai Chantana , Kajkamhaeng Supasit , Romphet Phattharaphon
Published: June 2023

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models have been commonly used primarily in image recognition tasks in the deep learning area. Finding the right architecture needs a lot of hand-tune experiments which are time-consuming. In this paper, we exploit an AutoML framework that adds to the exploration of the micro-architecture block and the multi-input option. The proposed adaption has been applied to SqueezeNet with SE blocks combined with the residual block combinations. The experiments assume three search strategies: Random, Hyperband, and Bayesian algorithms. Such combinations can lead to solutions with superior accuracy while the model size can be monitored. We demonstrate the application of the approach against benchmarks: CIFAR-10 and Tsinghua Facial Expression datasets. The searches allow the designer to find the architectures with better accuracy than the traditional architectures without hand-tune efforts. For example, CIFAR-10, leads to the SqueezeNet architecture using only 4 fire modules with 59% accuracy. When exploring SE block insertion, the model with good insertion points can lead to an accuracy of 78% while the traditional SqueezeNet can achieve an accuracy of around 50%. For other tasks, such as facial expression recognition, the proposed approach can lead up to an accuracy of 71% with the proper insertion of SE blocks, the appropriate number of fire modules, and adequate input merging, while the traditional model can achieve the accuracy under 20%.
Integration of force and IMU sensors for developing low-cost portable gait measurement system in lower extremities
Authors: Manupibul Udomporn , Tanthuwapathom Ratikanlaya , Jarumethitanont Wimonrat , Kaimuk Panya , Limroongreungrat Weerawat , Charoensuk Warakorn
Published: June 2023

Gait analysis is the method to accumulate walking data. It is useful in diagnosing diseases, follow-up of symptoms, and rehabilitation post-treatment. Several techniques have been developed to assess human gait. In the laboratory, gait parameters are analyzed by using a camera capture and a force plate. However, there are several limitations, such as high operating costs, the need for a laboratory and a specialist to operate the system, and long preparation time. This paper presents the development of a low-cost portable gait measurement system by using the integration of flexible force sensors and IMU sensors in outdoor applications for early detection of abnormal gait in daily living. The developed device is designed to measure ground reaction force, acceleration, angular velocity, and joint angles of the lower extremities. The commercialized device, including the motion capture system (Motive-OptiTrack) and force platform (MatScan), is used as the reference system to validate the performance of the developed system. The results of the system show that it has high accuracy in measuring gait parameters such as ground reaction force and joint angles in lower limbs. The developed device has a strong correlation coefficient compared with the commercialized system. The percent error of the motion sensor is below 8%, and the force sensor is lower than 3%. The low-cost portable device with a user interface was successfully developed to measure gait parameters for non-laboratory applications to support healthcare applications.
Identification of early stage and metastatic prostate cancer using electrochemical detection of beta-2-microglobulin in urine samples from patients
Authors: Nasimi Hashmatullah , Madsen Jonna Skov , Zedan Ahmed H. , Malmendal Anders , Osther Palle Jörn Sloth , Alatraktchi Fatima AlZahra’a
Published: June 2023

To improve prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, it is imperative to identify novel biomarkers and establish effective screening techniques. Here, we introduce electrochemical biosensing of β-2-Microglobulin (β2M) in urine as a potential diagnostic tool for PCa. The immunosensor is composed of a screen-printed graphene electrode coated with anti β2M antibodies. The sensor is capable of detecting the protein directly in urine without any sample pretreatment within 45 min including sample incubation and a lower limit of detection of 204 µg/L. The sensor demonstrated a significant difference in the β2M-creatinine ratio in urine between control and both local- and metastatic PCa (mPCa) (P = 0.0302 and P = 0.0078 respectively), and between local- and mPCa (P = 0.0302). This first example of electrochemical sensing of β2M for the diagnosis of PCa may set the stage for an affordable, on-site screening technique for PCa.
Natural Sorbents in Green Sample Preparation
Authors: Millán-Santiago Jaime , Lasarte-Aragonés Guillermo , Laura Soriano M. , López-Lorente Angela I. , Lucena Rafael , Cárdenas Soledad
Published: June 2023

The evolution of the sample treatment step towards the incorporation of the principles of Green Chemistry inevitably involves the use of materials that are sustainable from an environmental point of view. One of the most important advances in recent years is the use of natural materials as sorbent phases in microextraction processes. Among the most relevant characteristics of these substrates as regards Green Chemistry is the reusability of resources, which is a rising value to achieve a circular production model. This chapter covers natural materials that have proven their outstanding properties as extractants in sample preparation. Depending on their application, some of them can be used with minimal adjustments, while others require chemical modifications.
A graphene/h-BN MEMS varactor for sub-THz and THz applications
Authors: Dróżdż Piotr A. , Haras Maciej , Przewłoka Aleksandra , Krajewska Aleksandra , Filipiak Maciej , Słowikowski Mateusz , Stonio Bartłomiej , Czerniak-Łosiewicz Karolina , Mierczyk Zygmunt , Skotnicki Thomas , Lioubchenko Dmitri
Published: June 2023

A mm-size graphene suspended varactor was prepared and characterized. It can be combined with a dielectric rod waveguide to construct a sub-THz phase shifter.
A visualized sensor based on layered double hydroxides with peroxidase-like activity for sensitive acetylcholinesterase assay
Authors: Cheng Hao , Wang Yuying , Wang Yue , Ge Lei , Liu Xiaojuan , Li Feng
Published: June 2023

A simple colorimetric sensor was constructed for sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase based on the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of Ni/Co layered double hydroxides.
Low power highly flexible BiFeO3-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) with the coexistence of negative differential resistance (NDR)
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Yadav Ankit K. , Dixit Ambesh
Published: June 2023

We demonstrated the resistive random access memory characteristics for Cu (top contact)/BFO/PMMA (active layer)/ITO (bottom electrode)/PET sheet as a flexible substrate device configuration with a potential for neuromorphic computing.
Antibacterial properties of phosphine gold(i) complexes with 5-fluorouracil
Authors: Ferrando Ricardo , Mitchell Scott G. , Atrián-Blasco Elena , Cerrada Elena
Published: June 2023

New gold(i)–phosphine complexes with coordination to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), being the first reported examples of 5-FU–Au compounds, present antibacterial properties.
Optimized charge transport in N-substituted isatin-based acceptor–donor–acceptor small molecules by regulating the side chain length for solution-processable organic thin-film transistors
Authors: Cai Wenyu , Lee Jiyun , Zhao Yao , Kang Boseok , Zhang Guobing
Published: June 2023

A series of acceptor–donor–acceptor small molecules based on fused-ring as donor and N-substituted isatin with different side-chains (from methyl to n-decyl) as acceptors were synthesized for solution-processable organic thin-film transistors.
Quantitative and qualitative analyses of drug adsorption on silver nanoparticle monolayers: QCM, SERS, and TEIRA nanospectroscopy studies
Authors: Piergies Natalia , Oćwieja Magdalena , Maciejewska-Prończuk Julia , Kosydar Robert , Paluszkiewicz Czesława , Kwiatek Wojciech M.
Published: June 2023

The combination of nanospectroscopic, gravimetric, and electrokinetic methods made it possible to determine the adsorption process of the erlotinib layer on AgHHNP monolayers (considered as drug nanocarriers) qualitatively and quantitatively.
Mechanochemical asymmetric three-component Mannich reaction involving unreactive arylamines
Authors: Hu Xiaoyun , Li Kang , Yu Huiting
Published: June 2023

Mechanochemistry was successfully applied in an asymmetric three-component Mannich reaction involving unreactive arylamines. The use of ball-milling techniques overcame the deficiency of the batch systems in solution.
Synthesis of ester-containing phenanthridinesviaphotoredox-catalyzed radical cascade cyclization ofN-arylacrylamides with alkyloxalyl chlorides
Authors: Chen Meiling , Chen Jian-Qiang , Chen Zhengkai , Wu Jie
Published: June 2023

An alkoxycarbonyl-radical-triggered cascade cyclization reaction of N-(o-cyanobiaryl)acrylamides with alkyloxalyl chlorides is developed, leading to diverse ester-containing phenanthridines.
Effect of temperature, rate, and molecular weight on the failure behavior of soft block copoly(ether–ester) thermoplastic elastomers
Authors: Sbrescia Simone , Ju Jianzhu , Creton Costantino , Engels Tom , Seitz Michelle
Published: June 2023

Failure of industrially relevant soft-TPEs at different temperatures, rates, and molecular weights, and linked to morphological and molecular structure changes.
Thin film oxide solid electrolytes towards high energy density batteries: progress of preparation methods and interface optimization
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhou Junjie , Cui Peng , Wang Zhongyue , Lv Peng , Yu Kehan , Wei Wei
Published: June 2023

This review summarizes the research progress in oxide solid electrolytes and highlights the value of thin film electrolyte preparation and interface optimization for high energy density oxide-based solid batteries.
Glutathione displacement assay based on a fluorescent Au(i) complex
Authors: Lee Shinae , Heo Seunga , Park Jihwan , Heo Jeongyun , Kim Sehoon , You Youngmin
Published: June 2023

A two-coordinate homoleptic gold(i) complex having carbene ligands shows a fluorescence turn-on response to glutathione, enabling fluorescence discrimination of senescent cells over healthy preadipocytes.
Correction: 3D printed and stimulus responsive drug delivery systems based on synthetic polyelectrolyte hydrogels manufactured via digital light processing
Authors: Vaupel Sonja , Mau Robert , Kara Selin , Seitz Hermann , Kragl Udo , Meyer Johanna
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘3D printed and stimulus responsive drug delivery systems based on synthetic polyelectrolyte hydrogels manufactured via digital light processing’ by Sonja Vaupel et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d3tb00285c.
A “soft and hard” bioinspired hydrogel for enhanced pressure sensing
Authors: Yuan Hua , Zhang Jian , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Manting , Wang Jiexin , Le Yuan
Published: June 2023

A novel hydrogel with a “soft and hard” composite structure is built by utilizing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chrome shavings, and possesses collagen fibril-PVA mixed synapses and a fiber skeleton structure with nested PVA pores.
Achieving enhanced second-harmonic generation in ferroelectric nematics by doping D–π–A chromophores
Authors: Xia Runli , Zhao Xiuhu , Li Jinxing , Lei Huanyu , Song Yaohao , Peng Weifeng , Zhang Xinxin , Aya Satoshi , Huang Mingjun
Published: June 2023

A fluidic ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal was deployed as a matrix to achieve spontaneous polarization of D–π–A chromophores and realize a dramatic increase in second-harmonic generation.
The impact of an external electric field on the Rashba effect in two-dimensional hybrid perovskites
Authors: Liu Beichen , Gao Huaxiong , Meng Chaoying , Ye Honggang
Published: June 2023

The Rashba effect in 2D hybrid perovskites could be tunned by adjusting the vertical external electric field.
The role of claudin-2 in kidney function and dysfunction
Authors: Nyimanu Duuamene , Behm Christine , Choudhury Sonali , Yu Alan S. L.
Published: June 2023

Claudin-2 is a tight junction protein expressed in leaky epithelia where it forms paracellular pores permeable to cations and water. The paracellular pore formed by claudin-2 is important in energy-efficient cation and water transport in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. Mounting evidence now suggests that claudin-2 may modulate cellular processes often altered in disease, including cellular proliferation. Also, dysregulation of claudin-2 expression has been linked to various diseases, including kidney stone disease and renal cell carcinoma. However, the mechanisms linking altered claudin-2 expression and function to disease are poorly understood and require further investigation. The aim of this review is to discuss the current understanding of the role of claudin-2 in kidney function and dysfunction. We provide a general overview of the claudins and their organization in the tight junction, the expression, and function of claudin-2 in the kidney, and the evolving evidence for its role in kidney disease.
Does Assessor Masking Affect Kindergartners' Performance on Oral Language Measures? A COVID-19 Era Experiment With Children From Diverse Home Language Backgrounds
Authors: Surrain Sarah , Mesa Michael P. , Assel Mike A. , Zucker Tricia A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has prompted changes to child assessment procedures in schools such as the use of face masks by assessors. Research with adults suggests that face masks diminish performance on speech processing and comprehension tasks, yet little is known about how assessor masking affects child performance. Therefore, we asked whether assessor masking impacts children's performance on a widely used, individually administered oral language assessment and if impacts vary by child home language background.

Method:

A total of 96 kindergartners (5–7 years old,
n
= 45 with a home language other than English) were administered items from the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals Preschool–Second Edition Recalling Sentences subtest under two conditions: with and without the assessor wearing a face mask. Regression analysis was used to determine if children scored significantly lower in the masked condition and if the effect of masking depended on home language background.

Results:

Contrary to expectations, we found no evidence that students scored systematically differently in the masked condition. Children with a home language other than English scored lower overall, but masking did not increase the gap in scores by language background.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that children's performance on oral language measures is not adversely affected by assessor masking and imply that valid measurements of students' language skills may be obtained in masked conditions. While masking might decrease some of the social determinants of communication (e.g., recognition of emotions), masking in this experiment did not appear to detract from children's ability to hear and immediately recall verbal information.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23567463
Generation of synthetic multi‐resolution time series load data
Authors: Pinceti Andrea , Sankar Lalitha , Kosut Oliver
Published: June 2023

The availability of large datasets is crucial for the development of new power system applications and tools; unfortunately, very few are publicly and freely available. The authors designed an end‐to‐end generative framework for the creation of synthetic bus‐level time‐series load data for transmission networks. The model is trained on a real dataset of over 70 Terabytes of synchrophasor measurements spanning multiple years. Leveraging a combination of principal component analysis and conditional generative adversarial network models, the developed scheme allows for the generation of data at varying sampling rates (up to a maximum of 30 samples per second) and ranging in length from seconds to years. The generative models are tested extensively to verify that they correctly capture the diverse characteristics of real loads. Finally, an opensource tool called LoadGAN is developed which gives researchers access to the fully trained generative models via a graphical interface.
Spitzer thermal phase curve of WASP-121 b
Authors: Morello G. , Changeat Q. , Dyrek A. , Lagage P.-O. , Tan J. C.
Published: June 2023

Aims. We analyse unpublished Spitzer observations of the thermal phase-curve of WASP-121 b, a benchmark ultra-hot Jupiter.

Methods. We adopted the wavelet pixel-independent component analysis technique to remove challenging instrumental systematic effects in these datasets and we fit them simultaneously with parametric light-curve models. We also performed phase-curve retrievals to better understand the horizontal and vertical thermal structure of the planetary atmosphere.

Results. We measured planetary brightness temperatures of ~2700 K (dayside) and ~700–1100 K (nightside), along with modest peak offsets of 5.9° ± 1.6 (3.6 µm) and 5.0°−3.1+3.4 (4.5 µm) after mid-eclipse. These results suggest inefficient heat redistribution in the atmosphere of WASP-121 b. The inferred atmospheric Bond albedo and circulation efficiency align well with observed trends for hot giant exoplanets. Interestingly, the measured peak offsets correspond to a westward hot spot, which has rarely been observed. We also report consistent transit depths at 3.6 and 4.5 µm, along with updated geometric and orbital parameters. Finally, we compared our Spitzer results with previous measurements, including recent JWST observations.

Conclusions. We extracted new information on the thermal properties and dynamics of an exoplanet atmosphere from an especially problematic dataset. This study probes the reliability of exoplanet phase-curve parameters obtained from Spitzer observations when state-of-the-art pipelines are adopted to remove the instrumental systematic effects. It demonstrates that Spitzer phase-curve observations provide a useful baseline for comparison with JWST observations, and shows the increase in parameters precision achieved with the newer telescope.
New filamentary remnant radio emission and duty cycle constraints in the radio galaxy NGC 6086
Authors: Candini S. , Brienza M. , Bonafede A. , Rajpurohit K. , Biava N. , Murgia M. , Loi F. , van Weeren R. J. , Vazza F.
Published: June 2023

Radio galaxies are a subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in which accretion onto the supermassive black hole releases energy into the environment via relativistic jets. The jets are not constantly active throughout the life of the host galaxy and alternate between active and quiescent phases. Remnant radio galaxies are detected during a quiescent phase and define a class of unique sources that can be used to constrain the AGN duty cycle. We present, for the first time, a spatially resolved radio analysis of the radio galaxy associated with the galaxy NGC 6086 down to 144 MHz and constraints on the spectral age of the diffuse emission to investigate the duty cycle and evolution of the source. We used three new low-frequency, high-sensitivity observations; the first was performed with the Low Frequency Array at 144 MHz and the other two with the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 400 MHz and 675 MHz, respectively. To these, we add two Very Large Array archival observations at higher frequencies (1400 and 4700 MHz). In the new observations in the frequency range 144–675 MHz, we detect a second pair of larger lobes and three regions within the remnant emission with a filamentary morphology. We analysed the spectral index trend in the inner remnant lobes and see systematically steeper values (αlow∼1.1–1.3) at the lower frequencies compared to the gigahertz frequencies (αhigh∼0.8–0.9). Steeper spectral indices are found in the newly detected outer lobes (up to αouter∼2.1), as expected if they trace a previous phase of activity of the AGN. However, the differences between the spectra of the two outer lobes suggest different dynamical evolutions within the intra-group medium during their expansion and/or different magnetic field values. Using a single-injection radiative model and assuming equipartition conditions, we place constraints on the age of the inner and outer lobes and derive the duty cycle of the source. We estimate that the duration of the two active phases was 45 Myr and 18 Myr and the duration of the two inactive phases was 66 Myr and 33 Myr. This results in a total active time of ton ∼ 39%. The filamentary structures have a steep spectral index (∼1) without any spectral index trend, and only one of them shows a steepening in the spectrum. Their origin is not yet clear, but they may have formed due to the compression of the plasma or due to magnetic field substructures.
Les patients dits « non urgents » aux urgences
Authors: Labainville Inès , Lefève Céline
Published: June 2023

Le phénomène actuel de saturation des services d’urgences est souvent attribué aux passages abusifs des patients relevant de la médecine de ville. Cet article, fondé sur une revue de la littérature médicale et sociologique, interroge cette assertion en examinant l’articulation des définitions médicales et sociales des patients qualifiés de « non urgents » et les manières dont elles se traduisent dans des critères de priorisation, de sélection et d’orientation. Il en ressort que les pratiques de tri, nécessaires pour prioriser les cas d’urgence vitale, ne se fondent pas seulement sur des critères cliniques mais intègrent également des considérations morales et sociales qui peuvent mener à des discriminations et entraver l’accès équitable aux soins, en particulier pour les patients les plus vulnérables.
Kielhofners Assessments – Model of Human Occupation
Authors: Nawrath Melina
Published: June 2023

Das Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) ist in der Ergotherapie ein weit verbreitetes Modell. In der Lehre wird es standardmäßig gelehrt und vermittelt. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick darüber, welche Assessments dem Modell zugehörig sind und in welchem Handlungsfeld sie zum Einsatz kommen.
Betätigungen individuell dosieren – Occupational Balance
Authors: Herm Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Ein Gleichgewicht zwischen unseren täglichen Betätigungen ist wichtig für Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden. Deshalb betrachtet Rebecca Herm die Betätigungsbalance aus einem ergotherapeutischen Blickwinkel und stellt sie in einen Zusammenhang mit Erkenntnissen der Occupational Science.
Neue Wege gehen – Fußgesundheit
Authors: Widmaier Raphaela
Published: June 2023

Wir umrunden im Laufe unseres Lebens fast drei Mal den Äquator. Unsere Füße federn täglich circa 2500 Tonnen Gewicht ab. Etwa 30 Knochen, 20 Muskeln, 100 Bänder und 200 Sehnen machen jeden Fuß zu einem ausgeklügelten Meisterwerk. Gerät das Zusammenspiel aus dem Gleichgewicht, kann das sämtliche Lebensbereiche beeinträchtigen. Grund genug für Ergotherapeutin Raphaela Widmaier, ein Behandlungskonzept für Fußgesundheit zu erstellen.
A New Approach: Determination of the Safe Surgical Margin in Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Dag Yasar , Armutlu Ayse , Acet Yakup
Published: June 2023

Purpose In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the safe surgical limit for excision of pterygium tissue. Therefore, we aimed to prevent excessive or incomplete normal
conjunctival tissue excision during surgery in the coming years.

Methods Autografted pterygium surgery was performed between January 2015 and April 2016, and the excised pterygium tissue was examined histopathologically. The files of 44 patients,
who had not previously undergone any ocular surgery, who did not have an inflammatory disease and who continued to be checked for at least 1 year, were retrospectively examined. The distance
(P-DSEM) from the excised pterygium tissue to the surgical excision margin was measured by a pathologist. Postoperative recurrence rates were evaluated according to this value. In this way,
the clean surgical margin was determined.

Results The mean age of the participants was 44.77 ± 12.70, and the mean follow-up time was 55.61 ± 16.38 months. Recurrence developed in 5 out of 44 patients (11.4%). The average
recurrence duration was 51 ± 13.87 days. Distance to the average surgical margin was 3.88 ± 0.91 mm. The surgical distances of 5 patients with recurrence were 2, 2.5, 2, 3, and 3 mm,
respectively. It was determined that recurrence was less as the distance (P-DSEM) from the tissue to the surgical excision margin increased (p = 0.001).

Conclusions We found that the recurrence rate in pterygium surgery was linked to the clean surgical margin. When planning pterygium surgery, we believe that determining the amount of
tissue to be excised before surgery will reduce recurrence rates.
Eintrübung hydrophiler Acrylintraokularlinsen: Überblick zu Labormethoden der histologischen Analyse und Replikation der Kalzifikation
Authors: Britz Leoni , Schickhardt Sonja Katrin , Auffarth Gerd U. , Khoramnia Ramin
Published: June 2023

Eintrübungen von Acryllinsen durch Materialveränderungen stellen schwerwiegende Komplikationen dar, welche die sehr guten postoperativen Visusergebnisse unkomplizierter Kataraktoperationen
gefährden. Für hydrophobe Acryllinsen besteht die Möglichkeit einer Bildung von Glistenings, bei hydrophilen Acryllinsen besteht das Risiko einer Kalzifikation durch Kalziumphosphate. Im
Laufe der Zeit wurden verschiedene Methoden entwickelt, um die Eintrübungen hydrophiler Acryllinsen zu untersuchen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine Methodenübersicht über die
histologischen Standardfärbungen und Möglichkeiten der Replikation einer IOL-Kalzifikation. Mittels histologischer Färbungen lässt sich die Kalzifikation von Eintrübungen anderer Art
differenzieren und die Ausprägung der Kalzifikation beurteilen. Durch die Entwicklung von In-vivo- und In-vitro-Modellen zur Replikation konnten der Kalzifikation zugrunde liegende
Pathomechanismen identifiziert werden. In-vivo-Modelle eignen sich zur Beurteilung der Biokompatibilität verwendeter Linsenmaterialien. Mithilfe eines In-vitro-Modells in Bioreaktoren kann
die Kinetik der Kristallbildung untersucht werden. Die Verwendung einer Elektrophorese zur Replikation der Kalzifikation unter standardisierten Bedingungen erlaubt einen Vergleich
verschiedener Linsenmaterialien bezüglich des Kalzifikationsrisikos. Die Kombination verschiedener Analyse- und Replikationsmethoden kann in Zukunft dazu verwendet werden, die
Pathomechanismen der Kalziumphosphatbildung und den Zusammenhang zu Risikofaktoren näher zu untersuchen. Dies könnte dazu beitragen, die Kalzifikation hydrophiler Acryllinsen und damit
einhergehende Explantationen und Komplikationen zu vermeiden.
An Old Theme and New Technology: Marked Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia in a Hospitalized Patient Uncovered Retrospectively by Her Flash Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Beshyah Salem A.
Published: June 2023

Background Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia is a problem-facing endocrinologists and internal medicine specialists in hospital wards.

Case History A 63-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes was admitted to the hospital with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive airway disease. She was treated with a short course of intravenous hydrocortisone followed by oral prednisolone. On discharge, she attended her regular diabetes consultation. Throughout the period, she had her flash glucose monitoring (FGM) sensor in place, and she was monitoring her blood glucose regularly. As part of her diabetes clinic routine, the meter data uploaded and ambulatory glucose profiles were examined. These revealed three distinctly different blood glucose levels before, during, and after glucocorticoid therapy. Glucocorticoid therapy resulted in a marked rise in blood glucose that lasted for a further week before it returned to the pre-treatment levels. This old phenomenon has yet to be demonstrated using the new FGM technology.

Conclusions The story (1) asserts the significant impact of glucocorticoid therapy on glycemic control, (2) demonstrates the prolonged impact on glycemic control following discontinuation of glucocorticoids, (3) suggests a lack of adequate monitoring and timely recognition of hyperglycemia in the hospital, and poor management glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia either due to failure of conventional monitoring methods or a degree of complacency to appreciate its magnitude.
Hypopituitarism in Adults: Rational Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: AlMalki Mussa H.
Published: June 2023

Pituitary hormones are responsible for the regulation of growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis. Hypopituitarism is a condition that is defined as partial or complete insufficiency of anterior pituitary hormone secretion, and rarely, posterior pituitary hormone secretion. This condition can result from diseases of the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus. The annual incidence of hypopituitarism has been estimated to be 4.2 per 100,000 yearly, and the prevalence has been estimated at 45.5 per 100,000. The symptoms of hypopituitarism vary. The onset is insidious and depends on the number of hormone deficiencies and their degree of severity. Pituitary hormone deficiency can result in substantial clinical changes that increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. People commonly report persistent symptoms and a decline in their quality of life, both of which can be explained, at least in part, by the inherent shortcomings of hormone replacement strategies in their ability to imitate the normal hormone secretion processes. The diagnosis of hypopituitarism can be straightforward by measuring the lowered basal hormone levels. In cases where the basal hormone levels are uncertain or partial hormone deficiencies have been identified, it may be necessary to perform provocative testing of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis. The hypothalamus and pituitary region can be imaged using magnetic resonance imaging, which provides useful anatomical information. When necessary, genetic studies may be added to the diagnostic approach. The treatment consists of physiological replacement of the individual end-organ hormone deficiencies, and careful monitoring is required throughout the patient's entire life. Individualized hormone replacement therapy that considers potential interactions is recommended. This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, general diagnostic guidelines, and treatment options of hypopituitarism.
The conceptualization of smart tourism service platforms on tourist value co-creation behaviours: an integrative perspective of smart tourism services
Authors: Chuang Chung-Ming
Published: June 2023

The question remains how to integrate the core service proposals within a smart tourism platform setting for further facilitating tourist value co-creation behaviours in sustainable ways. This paper investigates the paradigm of smart tourism service (STS) platforms within the context of an ecosystem space. It conceptualizes concepts by laying a reasonable theoretical foundation (service-dominant logic) and proposing a scale for smart services. Applying sequential mixed methods to an exploratory research design, with seven interlocking stages and data from Fuzzy Delphi experts and tourist surveys in Taipei City, a smart city in Taiwan, this paper proposes a second-order scale with six dimensions, comprising smart services of attractions, transportation, accommodation, diet, purchase, and payment. The final 32-item STS scale is thoroughly developed and subsequently validated in different contexts (i.e. travellers in different phases of travel, pre-travel and during the trip, respectively). The scale significantly reveals the tourist-operated technologies for the provision of STS, determining the development of conceptual STS platforms in this paper. Next, the platforms disclose the locus between ICT functions, information-related services, tourist applications and behaviours, and sustainable value co-creation. The potential path of “STS → behaviour → sustainable value co-creation” explored herein is helpful for illustrating the conceptualization of STS platforms. Moreover, predictions from the platforms of tourists’ smart behaviours make it practically relevant in assessing demands about smart services for tourism. In the end, this paper describes the theoretical implications and managerial implications for tourism practitioners.
Strong-correlation density functionals made simple
Authors: Wodyński Artur , Arbuznikov Alexei V. , Kaupp Martin
Published: June 2023

Recent work on incorporating strong-correlation (sc) corrections into the scLH22t local hybrid functional [A. Wodyński and M. Kaupp, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 18, 6111–6123 (2022)] used a hybrid procedure, applying a strong-correlation factor derived from the reverse Becke–Roussel machinery of the KP16/B13 and B13 functionals to the nonlocal correlation term of a local hybrid functional. Here, we show that adiabatic-connection factors for strong-correlation-corrected local hybrids (scLHs) can be constructed in a simplified way based on a comparison of semi-local and exact exchange-energy densities only, without recourse to exchange-hole normalization. The simplified procedure is based on a comparative analysis of Becke’s B05 real-space treatment of nondynamical correlation and that in LHs, and it allows us to use, in principle, any semi-local exchange-energy density in the variable used to construct local adiabatic connections. The derivation of competitive scLHs is demonstrated based on either a modified Becke–Roussel or a simpler Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) energy density, leading to the scLH23t-mBR and scLH23t-tPBE functionals, which both exhibit low fractional spin errors while retaining good performance for weakly correlated situations. We also report preliminary attempts toward more detailed modeling of the local adiabatic connection, allowing a reduction of unphysical local maxima in spin-restricted bond-dissociation energy curves (scLH23t-mBR-P form). The simplified derivations of sc-factors reported here provide a basis for future constructions and straightforward implementation of exchange-correlation functionals that escape the zero-sum game between low self-interaction and static-correlation errors.
Evaluating the Drought Code for lowland taiga of Interior Alaska using eddy covariance measurements
Authors: Miller Eric A. , Iwata Hiroki , Ueyama Masahito , Harazono Yoshinobu , Kobayashi Hideki , Ikawa Hiroki , Busey Robert , Iwahana Go , Euskirchen Eugénie S.
Published: June 2023

Background The Drought Code (DC) of the Canadian Fire Weather Index System (CFWIS) has been intuitively regarded by fire managers in Alaska, USA, as poorly representing the moisture content in the forest floor in lowland taiga forests on permafrost soils. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the DC using its own framework of water balance as cumulative additions of daily precipitation and substractions of actual evaporation. Methods We used eddy covariance measurements (EC) from three flux towers in Interior Alaska as a benchmark of natural evaporation. Key results The DC water balance model overpredicted drought for all 14 site-years that we analysed. Errors in water balance cumulated to 109 mm by the end of the season, which was 54% of the soil water storage capacity of the DC model. Median daily water balance was 6.3 times lower than that measured by EC. Conclusions About half the error in the model was due to correction of precipitation for canopy effects. The other half was due to dependence of the actual evaporation rate on the proportional ‘fullness’ of soil water storage in the DC model. Implications Fire danger situational awareness is improved by ignoring the DC in the CFWIS for boreal forests occurring on permafrost.
Promoting equitable literacy expectations in CLIL
Authors: Ahern Aoife K. , Smith Katherine S.
Published: June 2023

This study explores the impact of two Service-Learning (SL) projects on student teachers’ preparation and
perceptions in relation to literacy teaching in English as a foreign language within CLIL programmes. The projects offered
hands-on training in preparing and delivering lessons applying Rose and Martin’s (2012)
Reading to Learn (R2L) approach to support children at two Madrid primary schools implementing CLIL with high proportions of
at-risk pupils and socioculturally diverse student bodies. One hundred and thirteen undergraduate student teachers specialising in
English as a Foreign Language at the Complutense University School of Education participated in the SL projects. The projects’
goals included developing the students’ civic engagement and disposition to gain understanding of the potential of a systematic,
evidence-based approach to literacy pedagogy for guiding all pupils to acquire the reading and writing abilities needed for
educational success. Data from questionnaires, focus group interviews, and reflective journals were collected and analysed.
Student teachers faced the challenges of apprehending and effectively applying the R2L strategies in classrooms characterised by
pupils’ widely ranging levels of preparation for reading and writing in English. Their reflections show evolution towards
readiness and awareness of the possibilities of adopting proactive measures, such as systematic literacy instruction, in order to
ensure the progress of pupils as they face the challenges of CLIL in the context of socioeconomic and educational inequity within
classrooms and across schools.