bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New long noncoding RNA biomarkers and ceRNA networks on miR-616-3p in colorectal cancer: Bioinformatics-based study
Authors: Abdolvand Mohammad , Chermahini Zahra Mohammadi , Bahaloo Sahar , Emami Mohammad Hassan , Fahim Alireza , Rahimi Hojjatolah , Amjadi Elham , Maghool Fatemeh , Rohani Fattah , Dadkhah Mina , Farhadian Nooshin , Vatandoust Nasimeh , Abdolvand Shirin , Darehsari Maliheh Roozbahani , Chehelgerdi Mohammad , Beni Faeze Ahmadi , Khodadoostan Mahsa , Hemati Simin , Salehi Mansoor
Published: February 2024

Background:

Cancer development is aided by the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) absorbing microRNAs (miRNAs). We aimed to discover a novel regulatory axis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and potential biomarkers based on miR-616-3p.

Materials and Methods:

The gene expression omnibus database was mined for differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and mRNAs. LncRNAs and mRNAs were predicted using the RegRNA and TargetScan databases. A combination of the ciBioPortal and Ensemble databases was used to locate the mRNAs. Cytoscape 3.7.1-built CeRNA networks. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was utilized to confirm the expression levels of these RNA molecules. Statistical analyses were implemented by GraphPad Prism 9.

Results:

qRT-PCR showed (Linc01282, lnc-MYADM-1:1, and Zinc Finger Protein 347 [ZNF347]) were overexpressed whereas, (salt-inducible kinases 1 [SIK1], and miR-616-3p) were down regulated.

Conclusion:

These results identify unique, unreported lncRNAs as CRC prognostic biomarkers, as well as prospective mRNAs as new treatment targets and predictive biomarkers for CRC. In addition, our study uncovered unexplored ceRNA networks that should be studied further in CRC.
Implementation of Total Productive Maintenance in a Local Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company in the Philippines
Authors: Macalinao Jo-Christine E.
Published: February 2024

This paper determines the implementation of total productive maintenance (TPM) at a pharmaceutical manufacturing company in the Philippines. It also assesses the significance of TPM practices from the viewpoint of employees involved in production. A total of 44 employees participated in the survey. The data gathered were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 Data analysis. The extent of TPM implementation was ranked by the value of the weighted mean, the practices that had the higher weighted average, implemented to a great extent. The significance of TPM practices was tested with the aid of a t-test statistical tool at a hypothesized mean of 2.5. The findings revealed that the manufacturing company implemented TPM practices to a high extent to maintain integrity and improve production quality by reducing downtime through preventive maintenance, technology assessment and usage, and employee involvement in maintaining their equipment. The results also indicated the significance of TPM practices in improving a company’s production quality. The results of the study provide guidance and references to improve maintenance procedures and improve productivity.
Bilateral Epidermoid Cyst of the External Auditory Canal: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Alobaid Faisal Abdullateef Ahmad , Balachandran Jalagandeesh
Published: February 2024

We present a case of a 25 year old female who presented to our clinic with complaints of bilateral otalgia. She had normal hearing as per audiogram. Preoperative diagnosis of bilateral epidermoid cyst was made based on clinical features and CT characteristics. Complete excision of bilateral cyst was done and it was reported by histopathology as epidermal inclusion cyst.
A National Study of Olfactory Dysfunction among COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsini Albaraa Y. , Alomiry Rahmah Hulayyil , Suliman Omar A. Abu , Saati Faisal Abdullah , Muathen Sumaiya Husni
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

COVID-19 has different symptomatology reported in the literature, including olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction. The evidence now points to smelling loss as one of the most common symptoms, and in some patient is the only symptom. The prevalence of smelling loss has various bases in the literature. Over time, many centers realized the potential of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction to be early symptoms of COVID-19. Recently, the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention added smell or taste loss to symptoms that may appear after exposure to COVID-19. In this study, we are the first national project to report anosmia in COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

This is the first national cross-sectional study from the Saudi Ministry of Health’s database. Ethics and written approval from the Institutional Review Board was obtained from the King Abdullah Medical City Research Center, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Results:

There were 5492 patients with a positive COVID-19 enrolled in this study. The most common comorbidity among positive COVID-19 patients is bronchial asthma (8.6%), followed by diabetes mellitus (7.5%). Approximately 30% had olfactory and taste dysfunction during the COVID-19 infection period. We found the presence of comorbidities, such as cognitive disorder (54.9%), immunodeficiency (46.8), and diabetes mellitus (23%), as significantly related to olfactory and taste dysfunction (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may be the only presenting symptoms of COVID-19 in diabetic and immunocompromised patients, such that awareness of COVID-19 is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Level of Knowledge, Perception, and Practice of Septoplasty in Children among Saudi Otolaryngologists: A Cross-sectional, Questionnaire-based Study
Authors: Al-Khatib Talal , Sindi Abdullah , Alghamdi Abdullah , Althobaiti Khalid , Almahmoudi Ahlam , AlGhamdi Dalal , Alharbi Manar , Aldharrab Abdulrahman
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

This study aimed to determine the opinions and practices of Saudi otolaryngologists’ regarding the indications, contraindications, and timing of septoplasty in pediatric patients.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study between November 2022 and April 2023; administered an online self-reported questionnaire to evaluate the level of knowledge, perceptions, and practice of pediatric septoplasty among Saudi otolaryngologists.

Results:

We included 103 otolaryngologists from different regions of Saudi Arabia, approximately half of whom were from the central region. Forty-six physicians (44.7%) reported performing pediatric septoplasty. The others reported not performing it because it may affect the nasal and facial growth plates (n = 38, 21.7%), or they did not feel that clinical data show the benefits compared to the risks of the procedure (n = 18, 10.3%); 11 physicians (6.3%) reported that they were not interested in pediatric septoplasty. Seven physicians (4%) reported that they believe children grow out of their septal deviation.

Conclusion:

The results show that approximately half of the physicians performed pediatric septoplasty, with sleep-disordered breathing and nasal obstruction being the most common indications. Others cited concerns about the potential negative effects on nasal and facial growth plates or a lack of clinical data showing the benefits compared to the risks.
Knowledge and Awareness of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among the Population of the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Yaqoub Abdulrahman , Azyabi Fahad , Ameer Mohammed Al , Suhail Hussam , Muqri Khalid , Awlaqi Abdulaziz , Azyabi Fahad , Hazmi Mohammed Al , Moafa Majd , Shaban Shahad , Darraj Hussam , Mahnashi Mashael , Alhazmi Abdulaziz
Published: February 2024

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disease that causes a person to consciously breathe and have episodes during sleep in which airflow either completely stops or significantly slows down. The epidemiology and awareness of this disease is understudied in our region. In the present study, we aimed to examine the knowledge and awareness of OSA among the general population of the Southwestern region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional survey, which was carried out from March to November 2022, data were collected from the adult population of the Jazan region using a self-administered questionnaire and presented as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Descriptive analysis, t-test, and Chi-square test were used for analysis. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The number of participants in the study was 523, of which 30% were aware of OSA. Poor knowledge was reported among the participants regarding the complications of OSA, and some participants identified that stroke (38%), diabetes (13.4%), dementia (10.3%), and myocardial infarction (30%) are complications of OSA. Those between 18 and 29 years were most aware of OSA, and males’ knowledge was better than that of females.

Conclusion

About 40% of the included participants were aware of OSA, and most had poor knowledge. We found that most people have no reliable sources of information, and medical professionals need to put more effort toward raising people’s awareness of OSA. Further studies with a larger population are required to evaluate OSA’s awareness level.
Immune checkpoint monoclonal antibody-related adverse effects in neuro-ophthalmology
Authors: Ameri May , Al-Zubidi Nagham , Lee Andrew G.
Published: February 2024

Immunotherapy has renovated the field of oncology. Usually, cancer is treated by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment that harnesses the patient’s own immune system to target cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have proven to be a promising treatment avenue for managing cancer; however, their use had been associated with a unique spectrum of adverse side effects called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). As ICIs become increasingly relevant in cancer management, it is crucial to address these irAEs affecting various systems in the body, including the skin, liver, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, and the eye. Ocular toxicity and sight-threatening events are among the reported irAEs, impacting diverse ocular tissues. The most commonly reported ocular irAEs (OirAEs) are blurred vision, conjunctivitis, ocular surface disease uveitis, scleritis, and retinopathy. Nevertheless, the frequency and severity of these OirAEs can vary, even within the same class of ICIs. Thus, OirAEs can significantly impact the quality of life and patient compliance. Therefore, we aim to comprehensively analyze uncommon and severe ICI-related OirAEs associated with lung cancer by providing a comprehensive and updated review of immune checkpoint monoclonal antibody-related adverse effects in neuro-ophthalmology irAEs. Through a review of the relevant literature, we intend to illustrate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, contributory factors, diagnosis, and management of ICI-associated ocular side effects. We will also discuss guidelines and best practice strategies for the prevention, monitoring, and management of these OirAEs.
Large-diameter deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: A narrative review
Authors: Yu Angeli Christy , Sollazzo Andrea , Bovone Cristina , Busin Massimo
Published: February 2024

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) involves the selective replacement of diseased corneal stroma while preserving healthy unaffected endothelium. While DALK has failed to gain widespread popularity, improved visual and refractive outcomes of large-diameter grafts, which patients directly perceive following suture removal, may represent a compelling reason to shift toward DALK. Since the unaffected host endothelium is retained, DALK offers the opportunity to use large-diameter grafts, which reliably achieves maximum visual potential without an increased risk of immune-mediated stromal rejection. In this narrative review, we evaluate the current evidence on large-diameter DALK including surgical technique and clinical outcomes.
Main issues in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: A systematic narrative review
Authors: Niazi Sana , Barrio Jorge Alió del , Doroodgar Farideh , Javadi Mohammad Ali , Alió Jorge L.
Published: February 2024

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) has emerged as a transformative approach in managing corneal pathologies, notably keratoconus (KC), providing a viable alternative to penetrating keratoplasty (PK). This systematic review explores the intricacies of DALK, comparing its preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations with PK. Extensive literature searches revealed a wealth of data regarding DALK’s advantages and challenges, with an emphasis on graft survival, visual outcomes, and complications. In the preoperative phase, DALK showcases its versatility, catering to a wide spectrum of patients, including those with KC and ocular surface disorders. Intraoperatively, it offers innovative techniques to address emphysema, bubble formation, and Descemet’s membrane perforation, all while maintaining a strong focus on patient-centered outcomes. Postoperatively, DALK’s lower rejection rates and decreased complications underscore its potential superiority over PK, although unique challenges such as graft failure from nonimmunologic factors demand vigilant management. This comprehensive review not only serves as a valuable resource for ophthalmic surgeons but also sheds light on the evolving landscape of corneal transplantation, highlighting DALK’s role as a transformative force in the field.
TRPS1 expression in non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasms: an immunohistochemical analysis of 200 cases
Authors: Liu Yi A. , Aung Phyu P. , Wang Yunyi , Ning Jing , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Curry Jonathan L. , Torres-Cabala Carlos A. , Ivan Doina , Prieto Victor G. , Ding Qingqing , Cho Woo Cheal
Published: February 2024

Background: Although trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) was initially thought to be highly sensitive and specific for carcinomas and mesenchymal tumors of mammary origin, more recent data suggest its expression is not limited to breast neoplasms but also can be seen in other cutaneous neoplasms, such as extramammary Paget disease and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ.Methods: Two-hundred cases of non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasm, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (n = 41), SCCs (n = 35), Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) (n = 25), and adnexal neoplasms (n = 99), were tested for TRPS1 expression using a monoclonal anti- TRPS1 rabbit anti-human antibody.Results: TRPS1 expression was present in almost all cases of SCC (94%), with a median H-score of 200, while it was either absent or only focally present in most BCCs (90%), with a median H-score of 5. The difference between BCCs and SCCs in H-score was significant (p < .001). All MCCs (100%) lacked TRPS1 expression. TRPS1 expression was frequently seen in most adnexal neoplasms, benign and malignant, in variable intensity and proportion but was consistently absent in apocrine carcinomas. All endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinomas (EMPSGCs) (100%, 6/6) showed diffuse and strong TRPS1 immunoreactivity, with a median H-score of 300, which was significantly different (p < .001) than that of BCCs.Conclusions: Our study shows that TRPS1 may be an effective discriminatory marker for BCCs and SCCs. It also has a role in distinguishing BCCs from EMPSGCs.
On the Serrin problem for ring-shaped domains
Authors: Agostiniani Virginia , Borghini Stefano , Mazzieri Lorenzo
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we deal with the open problem of characterising rotationally symmetric solutions to

\Delta u = - 2

, when Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed on a
ring-shaped
planar domain. In contrast with Serrin’s classical result, we show that the simplest possible set of overdetermining conditions, namely the prescription of
locally constant
Neumann boundary data, is not sufficient to obtain a complete characterisation of the solutions. A further requirement on the number of maximum points arises in our analysis as a necessary and sufficient condition for the rotational symmetry. Some new arguments are also introduced in the spirit of comparison geometry, that we believe of independent interest. In particular, the notion of
expected core radius
is defined and employed to achieve a qualitative description of the solutions, eventually leading to new classification results.
Hochschild homology of reductive $p$-adic groups
Authors: Solleveld Maarten
Published: February 2024

Consider a reductive

p

-adic group

G

, its (complex-valued) Hecke algebra

\mathcal H (G)

, and the Harish-Chandra–Schwartz algebra

\mathcal S (G)

. We compute the Hochschild homology groups of

\mathcal H (G)

and of

\mathcal S (G)

, and we describe the outcomes in several ways. Our main tools are algebraic families of smooth

G

-representations. With those we construct maps from

HH_{n} (\mathcal H (G))

and

HH_{n} (\mathcal S(G))

to modules of differential

n

-forms on affine varieties. For

n = 0

, this provides a description of the cocentres of these algebras in terms of nice linear functions on the Grothendieck group of finite length (tempered)

G

-representations. It is known from [J. Algebra 606 (2022), 371–470] that every Bernstein ideal

\mathcal H (G)^{\mathfrak s}

of

\mathcal H (G)

is closely related to a crossed product algebra of the form

\mathcal O (T)\rtimes W

. Here

\mathcal O (T)

denotes the regular functions on the variety

T

of unramified characters of a Levi subgroup

L

of

G

, and

W

is a finite group acting on

T

. We make this relation even stronger by establishing an isomorphism between

HH_{*} (\mathcal H (G)^{\mathfrak s})

and

HH_{*} (\mathcal O (T)\rtimes W)

, although we have to say that in some cases it is necessary to twist

\mathbb{C} [W]

by a 2-cocycle. Similarly, we prove that the Hochschild homology of the two-sided ideal

\mathcal S (G)^{\mathfrak s}

of

\mathcal S (G)

is isomorphic to

HH_{*} (C^{\infty} (T_{u})\rtimes W)

, where

T_{u}

denotes the Lie group of unitary unramified characters of

L

. In these pictures of

HH_{*} (\mathcal H (G))

and

HH_{*} (\mathcal S (G))

, we also show how the Bernstein centre of

\mathcal H (G)

acts. Finally, we derive similar expressions for the (periodic) cyclic homology groups of

\mathcal H (G)

and of

\mathcal S (G)

and we relate that to topological K-theory.
The correlation between carotid artery doppler and stroke volume during central blood volume loss and resuscitation
Authors: Kerrebijn Isabel , Atwi Sarah , Elfarnawany Mai , Eibl Andrew M. , Eibl Joseph K. , Taylor Jenna L. , Kim Chul Ho , Johnson Bruce D. , Kenny Jon-Émile S.
Published: February 2024

Background: Using peripheral arteries to infer central hemodynamics is common among hemodynamic monitors. Doppler ultrasound of the common carotid artery has been used in this manner with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between changing common carotid artery Doppler measures and stroke volume (SV). We hypothesized that correlation between SV and carotid Doppler would improve with larger numbers of consecutively-averaged cardiac cycles. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy volunteers were recruited and studied in a physiology laboratory. Carotid artery Doppler pulse was measured with a wearable, wireless ultrasound during central hypovolemia and resuscitation induced by a stepped lower body negative pressure protocol. The change in maximum velocity time integral (VTI) and corrected flow time of the carotid artery (ccFT) were compared with changing SV using repeated measures correlation. Results: In total, 73,431 cardiac cycles were compared across 27 subjects. There was a strong linear correlation between changing SV and carotid Doppler measures during simulated hemorrhage (repeated-measures linear correlation [Rrm]=0.91 for VTI; 0.88 for ccFT). This relationship improved with larger numbers of consecutively-averaged cardiac cycles. For ccFT, beyond four consecutively-averaged cardiac cycles the correlation coefficient remained strong (i.e., Rrm of at least 0.80). For VTI, the correlation coefficient with SV was strong for any number of averaged cardiac cycles. For both ccFT and VTI, Rrm remained stable around 25 consecutively-averaged cardiac cycles. Conclusions: Using a wearable carotid Doppler ultrasound 73,431 cardiac cycles were compared to SV during central volume loss and resuscitation induced.
Enhancing the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Kevlar Composites
for Advanced Vehicle Components using Montmorillonite Nano Clay
Integration
Authors: Natrayan L. , Seeniappan Kaliappan , Sree G. Vanya
Published: February 2024

The automobile industry is searching for materials that offer superior mechanical
and thermal properties. With this objective, the current study delves into the
potential advantages of integrating nanofillers into hybrid composite structures
tailored for vehicle applications. The investigation employed Kevlar fiber, a
renowned material in vehicular composites, and reinforced it with an epoxy
matrix, crafting a nanocomposite surface. This method was paralleled by
incorporating nanoparticle-infused resin into the Kevlar fiber. The
concentration of nano clay within the epoxy resin was adjusted across different
weight percentages: 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Both composite and nanomaterial
panels were meticulously crafted using the hand layup method post-curing. The
outcome was enlightening: the tensile strength of the clay/epoxy/Kevlar
composite surged by 10.54% at the 7.5 wt% clay concentration. This enhancement,
however, saw a decline in higher clay incorporations. The study also unveiled
that the elastic modulus of these hybrid composites resonated better performance
at reduced clay levels, peaking impressively at 381.47 MPa and 9.14 GPa for the
7.5 wt% variant. The same clay concentration bore witness to a zenith in
flexural strength and modulus, registering 421.58 MPa and 15.01 GPa remarkable
13.15% upsurge when juxtaposed against the baseline Kevlar mix. Notably, the
Interlaminar shear strength for this composition reached 96.21 MPa, overshooting
the baseline Kevlar by 23%. However, shifting to a 10% clay mix reduced the
interlaminar shear strength to 61.94 MPa, marking a 9% decrease from the
baseline. Thermally, the composite showcased optimal stability at the lower clay
concentrations from 0°C to 180°C. SEM imaging further buttressed these findings,
highlighting that a 7.5% clay-enriched hybrid composite possessed distinct and
advantageous surface features, making it a promising candidate for
next-generation vehicle applications.
Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Automobile
Parts using Flax/Epoxy-Graphene Nanofiller Composites
Authors: Kaliappan S. , Natrayan L.
Published: February 2024

With the evolving demand in the automobile industry for lightweight and
sustainable components, the study of natural fiber composites has gained
significance. Such fibers are economically efficient and offer advantageous
weight-specific properties. Additionally, they are non-abrasive and
environmentally degradable, marking them as viable alternatives to conventional
automobile materials. This research emphasizes the flax-based composite,
developed using the hand lay-up method and augmented with three distinct
graphene nanofillers. The graphene fillers are categorized as large nanorods
(dimensions 3-5 nm, lengths 150-300 nm), small nano threads (dimensions 6-12 nm,
lengths under 50 nm), and spherical particulates (dimensions 29-39 nm).
Reinforcement was consistently maintained at 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight. The
results indicate that a 4 wt.% inclusion of spherical graphene nanoparticles is
particularly effective in enhancing the ultimate tensile strength and fracture
elongation of the epoxy matrix, registering improvements of 10% and 29%
respectively. Reinforcements with all graphene variants noted an augmentation in
the quasi-static toughness of the composites. Interestingly, a 6 wt.% infusion
of the large graphene rod boosted the conductivity of the epoxy matrix by 52%.
Thermal conductivity evaluations of the composite, integrated with different
graphene configurations, recorded enhancements ranging from 0.22 W/mK to 0.286
W/mK at a 2 wt.% graphene concentration. At an elevated 4 wt.% graphene
addition, the small rod-shaped fillers demonstrated an impressive 59.6%
enhancement over the flax/epoxy baseline, while the larger rod and spherical
graphene nanoparticles showcased a 22.14% enhancement. This study underscores
the potential of graphene-augmented flax/epoxy composites as promising materials
for automobile parts.
Joining of Titanium and Stainless-Steel Rods with an Interlayer Using
an Eco-Friendly Welding Process for Automobile Applications
Authors: Balasubramanian M. , Prathap P. , Madhu S.
Published: February 2024

Solid rods of dissimilar metals are easily welded by friction welding. This
process is a solid-state process where no fumes or gases are released which is
friendly to the environment. In advanced engineering practice, joining Titanium
(Ti) alloy and stainless steel (SS) is very important due to poor bonding
strength in direct joining. These materials are easily joined by an interlayer
technique using materials like nickel, silver, niobium, aluminum, and copper.
Special surface geometry techniques hold the interlayer materials between
dissimilar metals in different forms like coating, foils, and solid metals. In
this investigation, the finite element method is used for modeling the process,
and the Johnson-cook equation was used to find the analysis of output values
with the defined material properties. The heat generated is calculated and
numerically compared and analyzed with experimental results. Observations such
as metallography, hardness, and tensile test were studied. The results are best
suitable for the optimization of future design and improvement. It's important
to note that while friction welding is a promising option, it's always
recommended to perform feasibility studies and conduct tests on representative
samples to ensure that the joint's mechanical properties meet the required
standards for automobile applications like ball link joint, piston rod, air
compressor piston, ball screw, butterfly valve, clutch hub, steering rack gear,
trailer axles, etc. A maximum temperature of 11500C was observed at
the interface and the highest tensile strength of 348MPa was obtained.
A Study on the Thermal Interface Mechanisms of Natural Fiber/Fillers
and Allotrope-Based Polymers
Authors: Senthilkumar N. , Swaminathan Ramu , Deepanraj B.
Published: February 2024

Composites of polymers reinforced with synthetic/natural fibers are mainly used
in engineering sectors such as automobiles, aerospace, and in household
appliances due to their abrasion resistance, high toughness, strength, and high
specific modulus. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of
fiber-matrix interfaces and interface mechanism that leads to enhanced
properties. This article investigates how natural/synthetic fibers, mineral
based-materials and additional allotropic materials work rapidly and effectively
across interfaces. The objective of this work is to discuss different
interfacial mechanisms (i.e., diffusion, chemical bonding, and mechanical
crosslinking) of fiber reinforced polymers and to understand the mechanism of
heat transfer in hybrid polymers by establishing the polymer morphology, chain
structure, and interchain linkages to allow molecular interactions between the
material phases and to determine the characteristics and thermal conductivity of
composites made of polymers. It is established that the fiber/filler interaction
with various concentration, fiber orientation, alignment, filler content
fraction, size of filler, usage of conducting fillers determines the
thermomechanical properties that ensure maximum thermal conductivity of the
interfacial material.
Design and Optimization of Go-Kart Chassis
Authors: Vignesh D. , Sanchan Kumar S. , Saravanan V. , Sudhakar M.
Published: February 2024

A chassis is the main skeleton of a go-kart containing distinct components such
as the engine, brakes, fuel tank, rear axle, etc. It supports the entire weight
and load of the components, so it must be steady enough to withstand shock,
twisting, vibration, and other stress. This paper reviews the study carried out
on the chassis, highlighting the area where the Nodes,
Primary and Secondary members, Horizontal and Vertical
members, and Chassis stiffness support the jacking
effect with the constraints of maximum Torsional stress,
deflection, and critical regions under loading conditions. AISI 4130 is used as
the chassis material. When dealing with the software, SolidWorks 2023 and Fusion
360 are used for designing the chassis whereas ANSYS 2022 is used for the
analysis of the designed chassis. In order to reduce weight, improve material
consumption, and provide an appropriate cross-section, a simulation technique
was used in design optimization.
Investigation of Porosity by Effect of Sodium Addition and Holding
Time on Aluminium-11.1 Silicon Alloy
Authors: Manivannan S. , Daniel Das A. , Suresh Balaji R. , Marimuthu S.
Published: February 2024

The present investigation pertains to effect of different levels of modifiers
(Na) in the Al-11.1Si hypo-eutectic alloy casting process. The investigation
deals with the porosity analysis of the hypo-eutectic Al-Si alloy casting with
varying master alloy, composition and holding time. The modifiers used for the
investigation is sodium. Four levels of compositions addition of modifier as
sodium is selected for the casting process which are 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%,
&0.12%. The holding times selected for each composition are 10min, 20min and
30min respectively. The introduction sodium to an Al-Si alloy results in a
complete transformation of Si particles, changing them from coarse plates to
fine fibres, irrespective of the cooling conditions. The reduction in eutectic
growth temperature due to sodium addition was consistently associated with the
degree of modification, regardless of the initial microstructure coarseness.
Employing modification treatment significantly enhances elongation to failure,
particularly when intermetallic compounds are effectively refined in size. The
microstructure of the experimental samples is characterized by using
differential interference contrast optical image analyzer and found out the
level of modification, and then it compared with the porosity level in the
sample. The radiography imaging technique confirms that Na that 0.12% addition
is giving very less shrinkage porosity.
An Investigation on Effect of Inorganic Reinforcement Materials and
Taguchi-Based Optimization on Manufacturing of Hybrid Composites
(AI7068)
Authors: Hemanth Kumar R. , Venkatachalapathy V.S.K. , Arumugam Thiagarajan , LAZAR MARTIN
Published: February 2024

A crucial characteristic of composites, which are manufactured from elements of
metal, is their mechanical and durability properties. A variety of reinforcing
agents and metal nanoparticles are used to create aluminum-based hybrid
metal-material composites. These composites are an advantageous alternative for
sectors with limited resources because of their robustness, wear resistance, and
thermal management capabilities. Manufacturing sectors employ Taguchi
optimisation and Grey relational analysis to enhance the mechanical and
durability properties of aluminum-based hybrid metal composites. To comprehend
the interrelationships between reinforcing materials such as
Al2O3 and SiC at constant fly ash concentration, five
responses such as wear loss, tensile strength, elongation rate, impact strength,
and hardness were considered and assessed. The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA)
method is used to optimise these responses and transform them into Grey
Relational Grade (GRG). The Grey Relational Grade (GRG) Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA) results were supplemented by a regression-based ANOVA analysis. SiC (p
value - 0.024) and Al2O3 (p value - 0.029) have been
demonstrated to be statistically significant in this situation. It was
determined that the correlation coefficient (R2), adjusted
correlation coefficient (Adj R2), Fischer's value (F-value), and
probability value (p-value for the probabilistic variables were found to be
81.43%, 70.29%, 7.31, and 0.028, respectively. All of the results have been
deemed satisfactory and fall within the recommended ranges. However, to confirm
the model's fit, a validation experimental run based on run 06 conditions
(A1B1C1) was performed. The experimental
grade that was predicted turned out to be 0.971. It was concluded that engineers
can fabricate an incredibly low combination of reinforcement materials and
applied load, Taguchi optimisation produces robust composite with minimal wear
loss, elongation rate, greater hardness, and tensile strength.
Exploring Stress Corrosion Cracking in Magnesium-Based Alloys Exposed
to Potassium Chromate in Automotive Applications
Authors: Daniel Das A. , Suresh Balaji R. , Marimuthu S. , Manivannan S.
Published: February 2024

Magnesium alloys possess a unique combination of benefits stemming from their
exceptional strength-to-weight ratio and reduced density. The aforementioned
attributes render them notably attractive for utilization in automotive and
aeronautical sectors. Furthermore, these alloys are gaining significant interest
from the industry because of their outstanding dimensional stability, excellent
ability to dampen vibrations, high recyclability, and good castability. They
also exhibit superior stiffness, among other attributes. Nonetheless, magnesium
and its alloys face several noteworthy challenges that limit their industrial
utilization. These include low resistance to deformation over time, limited
stability at high temperatures, restricted malleability, poor ductility, and
inadequate resistance to corrosion. This study aims to investigate the
phenomenon of stress corrosion cracking in magnesium alloy when exposed to
potassium chromate. Addition of Ca showed better mechanical properties. A proof
ring test was conducted NaCl-K2CrO4 solution at 60% YS value of base material,
shows that the AZ91+4%Ca is having the least stress corrosion resistance.
Threshold stress for AZ91 with 1%, 2%, 3% wt% Ca is found to be higher than the
applied stress value in both the corrosion environment, so that the material has
not failed even after the test duration of 720h. The observed stress corrosion
resistance in AZ91+4% Ca is unsatisfactory due to the brittle nature of the
large Al2Ca phase. In contrast, AZ91 alloys containing 1%, 2%, or 3% Ca, which
have a lower proportion of Al2Ca phase, exhibit improved mechanical properties
and enhanced resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
Design and Analysis of the Transmission System in
Go-Kart
Authors: Akash S. , Sharadha S. , Kavi Priyadarson V.V. , Siddharth K. , Sudhakar M.
Published: February 2024

Transmission system is one of the most significant portions of the vehicle
architecture that helps in movement of the vehicle by transmitting power. This
research paper is to explain the complete transmission system involving the
methodology, calculations, design and analysis of a go-kart. There are many ways
of transmitting power to the kart, but the traditional way of transmission is by
using shafts and chain drives. This paper also explores various aspects
including gear selection and torque management. Further, it defines the
different aspects which impacts on the overall performance of the go-kart, like
traction force and safety factors by focusing on the material to be used, total
load acting, service factor, design load, bearing stress and so on. Also, the
total road resistance that is caused in various gears is computed to ensure that
the vehicle has good power distribution. The paper also comprises the
calculations for the rear axle to determine the suitable diameter for the shaft.
The ultimate aim is to develop a lightweight, low-cost, and highly efficient
transmission system.
Influence of Recycled Scrap Particles on Tensile Behavior of
Additively Manufactured Polylactic Acid (PLA) Composites for Automotive
Upholstery Applications
Authors: SANGARAVADIVEL P. , DINESH D. , Babu N. , Dhinesh S.K.
Published: February 2024

In the domain of Additive Manufacturing (AM), Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)
hath flourished as a promising method for crafting complex geometric parts with
a commendable degree of dimensional precision. The perception of recycling metal
scrap particles obtained from machining operations unbound the scope of
developing sustainable layered polymer composites with integral properties of
metal particles. In this context, the present work is intended to investigate
the tensile properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA), strengthened with fine
particles of bronze scrap particles as reinforcement fabricated by FFF-based
additive manufacturing technique. The composite specimens are manufactured as
per ASTM standard with different combinations of build orientation, infill
pattern, and no. of reinforcement layers. The orientation angles of
00, 300, and 600 are used for building the
composite specimens with honeycomb, rectilinear, and grid infill patterns. 1, 2
and 3 layers of reinforcement stacking is made between PLA matrix while building
the tensile specimens. The tensile test findings revealed that the rectilinear
build pattern highly influences the tensile strength of the fabricated samples.
Compared to pure PLA, the reduced trend of tensile strength is observed on
reinforced PLA composites. The outcome of this research effort prompts the
exploration of further advancements in enhancing PLA's tensile properties when
reinforced with metal scrap particles. Further, this research provoked the
development of PLA matrix composites through additive manufacturing techniques
with metal scrap particle reinforcement to strengthen the polymer, emphasizing
the prominence of achieving a robust interfacial bond between the matrix and the
reinforcing phases.
Investigation on Turning Parameters of Austempered Ductile Iron Using
Response Surface Methodology Approach
Authors: Velusamy K. , Senthilkumar K.M. , Selvan T.A. , Viswanathan A.
Published: February 2024

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an alternative to hardened steel for machined
parts with high hardness, ductility, strength and fatigue strength. The optimal
cutting parameters to perform turning operation on ADI with PCBN insert are
predicted through the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Design Expert
Software was used to design fifteen experiment trials by changing cutting
parameters including speed (N) rpm, feed (f) mm/min, and depth of cut (d) mm.
The outcomes of the experiments were then examined. The mathematical model
determined in the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) satisfied output responses
concerning the input parameters. The optimal turning parameters, N: 1039.11 rpm,
f: .5 mm/min and d: 0.0974 mm is revealed the both responses. The confirmation
experiment results revealed that the predicted value of responses is better in
agreement with experimented responses. The optimal turning parameters
recommended to industries application to machine the ADI with significant
production.
The Doctrine of Retribution and Religious Responses to the HIV and AIDS Pandemic
Authors: Hlatywayo (PhD) Anniegrace Mapangisana , Chirongoma (PhD) Sophia
Published: February 2024

Despite many decades of interfacing with the HIV and AIDS pandemic, religious
responses to the plight of the affected and infected still border on the doctrine of retribution. Some religious leaders, particularly from the Christian perspective, are still preaching about the intersection between infection and promiscuity in relation to the HIV and AIDS pandemic. Such a message from the pulpit overlooks people born with HIV infection and partners, more particularly women in long term permanent relationships including marriage, who are unknowingly infected with HIV. Additionally, religious doctrines and religious moral positions embody perceptions that regard the infected as deserving due punishment for their sins. Using desktop research and drawing from the Job narrative, our article seeks to explore the influence of religion on HIV and AIDS. It acknowledges the ambivalent interface between sexuality, gender and HIV and AIDS, taking into account how such interwoven issues affect health seeking behavior of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA). Espousing the Job narrative as wisdom in revolt, the article acknowledges the complexity of HIV infection and negates the doctrine of retribution. It concludes by proffering an alternative, holistic and sensitive theological response in the face of the HIV and AIDS pandemic.
Gender Based Violence in the Commercialisation of Religion in Neo-Pentecostal Churches
Authors: Resane Dr Kelebogile Thomas
Published: February 2024

The focus is women suffering due to commercialisation of religion in Neo-Pentecostal Churches. Most of the religion commercialists are men with women as victims of Gender Based Violence (GBV). The CRL Commission discovered that women participation in religious commercial practices is quite alarming in terms of the ratio between men and women. There is a very serious gender bias in these churches in terms of abuse and outrageous practices. This paper focuses on vulnerability of women caused by marriage expectations, barrenness, divorce, and lack of leadership. The methods and techniques of religious commercialists will be used as demonstrations that women are indeed the victims of these malpractices. The area of finances will be highlighted to capture the truth that indeed women are victims of commercialisation of religion. Literature and social media will be engaged to validate facts. Theology of dialogue (God-talk) contributes towards the solution to these practices that have tainted the Pentecostal faith with negative outlook. Appeal is made to male perpetrators to reevaluate their patriarchal egos at the expense of women and that their theology should take a new turn of embracing feminist theology, which helps to understand the women’s value as God’s image carriers.
Bijective proof of a conjecture on unit interval posets
Authors: Fang Wenjie
Published: February 2024

In a recent preprint, Matherne, Morales and Selover conjectured that two
different representations of unit interval posets are related by the famous
zeta map in $q,t$-Catalan combinatorics. This conjecture was proved recently by
G\'elinas, Segovia and Thomas using induction. In this short note, we provide a
bijective proof of the same conjecture with a reformulation of the zeta map
using left-aligned colored trees, first proposed in the study of parabolic
Tamari lattices.
APRIMORANDO A TOMADA DE DECISÕES EMPRESARIAIS
Authors: Santana Aline Abreu , Silva Cristiane Raquel da , Timoteo Luciene Carneiro da S. O. , Oliveira Rebeca Maria de , Narciso Rodi
Published: February 2024

No século 21, os gestores enfrentam desafios significativos devido à acirrada competitividade impulsionada pelos avanços tecnológicos. A habilidade do gestor em tomar decisões acertadas e aumentar a produtividade e o êxito das empresas torna-se fundamental para a longevidade dos empreendimentos. A sobrevivência dos negócios requer decisões fundamentadas na análise de recursos financeiros passados, presentes e futuros, prevendo possíveis dificuldades financeiras. O presente estudo bibliográfico objetiva abordar a análise de negócios como meio para compreender a estrutura, políticas e operações de uma organização, recomendando soluções que alcancem os objetivos estratégicos. Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica aprofundada, exploraremos como a análise de negócios, apoiada por tecnologias e dados, capacita os gestores a tomar decisões mais informadas e embasadas. Destacaremos também a importância de prever cenários financeiros, identificar oportunidades de melhoria e mitigar riscos potenciais. Mencionaremos brevemente o caso da School 21, uma empresa educacional que se destaca ao utilizar tecnologias e análises de negócios para aprimorar suas condições operacionais e alcançar decisões empresariais mais assertivas, resultando em sucesso organizacional. O estudo visa contribuir para o entendimento da relevância das análises de negócios e tecnologias na tomada de decisões, oferecendo insights valiosos para gestores e profissionais que buscam potencializar o sucesso e a sustentabilidade de suas empresas na era moderna.
Ecografia de Triagem em Contexto Pré-hospitalar - Relato de Caso
Authors: Miravent Sérgio , Jimenez Cármen , Lobo Manuel , De Almeida Rui
Published: February 2024

O presente caso clínico tem como objetivo evidenciar o papel crucial que a ecografia de triagem pode ter na orientação de doentes em contexto pré-hospitalar, onde não existem especialidades médicas, os recursos tecnológicos são escassos e a distância geográfica entre instituições de saúde e hospital central é considerável. Uma doente recorreu ao serviço básico de urgência com queixas abdominias, realizou os exames apropriados e disponíveis no local, adicionalmente executou  ecografia de triagem  que se revelou crucial na identificação de sinais clínicos que permitiram à médica de serviço fazer reencaminhamento da doente para o hospital de referência, com base na evidência imagiológica disponível.
A pandemia de COVID-19 nos Serviços de Radiologia em Portugal: aprendizagens para o futuro
Authors: Guerreiro Carolina
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Explorar os desafios sentidos pelos Técnicos de Radiologia na prevenção da transmissibilidade do SARS-CoV-2 durante a pandemia de COVID-19 nos seus serviços de radiologia e as suas perspetivas de utilização das medidas de mitigação do vírus no futuro.

Materiais e métodos: Estudo exploratório qualitativo, com população alvo: Técnicos de Radiologia a exercer funções em Portugal durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Dados obtidos através da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, entre abril e setembro de 2022. Tratamento e análise de dados através de análise temática indutiva.

Resultados: O estudo incluiu 16 participantes. Resultaram quatro temas no que respeita aos desafios da pandemia de COVID-19: (i) desafios emocionais para os profissionais de saúde; (ii) desafios ao nível do processo de trabalho; (iii) barreiras físicas; (iv) desafios ao nível dos recursos. Verificaram-se diversas medidas organizacionais implementadas, tais como a “proteção individual dos profissionais de saúde”, a “alteração da estrutura do serviço” e o “distanciamento entre utilizadores”. A maioria dos participantes considerou que foi possível garantir a Segurança do Doente e do Profissional de Saúde.

Considerações finais: Identificaram-se diversos desafios que requerem atenção por parte dos gestores de saúde, a nível emocional, barreiras físicas, desafios no processo de trabalho e recursos humanos, os quais surgiram associados a escassez de informação, distanciamento, comunicação e infraestruturas. Sugere-se realizar estudos nesta área, no sentido de melhorar o conhecimento científico, bem como garantir práticas de gestão da saúde frente a futuras crises.
Vol. 5, N.º 1, Jan-Jun 2024 - "A Radiologia nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários"
Authors: Editorial Conselho
Published: February 2024

Oitava publicação da ROENTGEN - Revista Científica das Técnicas Radiológicas, com especial destaque para a temática "A Radiologia nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários".

Este número da ROENTGEN visa sensibilizar os profissionais e estudantes na área das Técnicas Radiológicas para a importância de se adaptarem ao novo modelo organizacional das Unidades Locais de Saúde, enfatizando a necessidade de inovação, colaboração e formação contínua, de forma a permitir uma melhor integração entre Cuidados Hospitalares e Cuidados de Saúde Primários.
Um olhar de dentro pelos Cuidados de Saúde Primários
Authors: Simãozinho Paula , Faria Margarida , Sobral Ana Lúcia , Neves Cristina , Moreira Elisabete , Costa Anabela , Martins Ana , Pereira Helena
Published: February 2024

Grupo de Trabalho dos Cuidados de Saúde Primários - Radiologia