bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH CEKAMAN AIR DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK DAUN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Nurjanaty Netty , Linda Riza , Mukarlina Mukarlina
Published: December 2020

The availability of water for plants will affect the process of plant growth. Water stress in plants can be overcome by applying fertilizer. Fertilizing through leaves has the advantage of absorbing nutrients needed to speed up the growth process. The purpose of this research was to use a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the A factor of water supply consisting of 100% field capacity (KL) (A1), 75% KL (A2), 125% KL (A3), B concentration factor leaf fertilizer consists of 0 g/L (B1), 1,5 g/L (B2), 2 g/L (B3), 2,5 g / L (B4), and 3 g/L (B5) so that there is 15 combinations of treatments with 5 replications. Based on the results of research on the stress conditions of 75%, 100%, and 125% KL the best leaf fertilizer for growth of mustard green plants which includes leaf area, amount of chlorophyll, number of leaves, wet weight, dry weight, and root-shoot ratio is as much as 3 g/L.
AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH JENGKOL (Pithecellobium jiringa (Jack) Prain.) SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA GULMA BAYAM DURI (Amaranthus spinosus L.) DAN RUMPUT PAITAN (Paspalum conjugatum Berg.)
Authors: Hasanah Siti Nur , Wardoyo Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning , Mukarlina Mukarlina
Published: December 2020

Weed is a plant that grow in undesirable places, especially in the location of cultivated plants. Alelochemical use as bioherbicide is one of the ways in weed control and is safe for the environment. The study was conducted to test the potential of P. jiringa fruit peel extract as bioherbicide on the germination and growth ofA .spinosus and P.conjugatum weeds. The study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with the concentration of extract (P) used consisting of 6 treatments, namely P1 = 0 (control), P2 = 0.1; P3 = 0.2; P4 = 0.3; P5 = 0.4; and P6 = 0.5 g / ml. each treatment was repeated 5 times. The results of the study showed that the concentration extract of 0.5 g / ml was an inverse concentration to inhibit the weed seeds germination ofA.spinosus and P. conjugatum. Good concentration extract to inhibit growth A. spinosus and P. conjugatum is 0.3 g / ml which results in inhibition of plant height, root length, wet weight and dry weight. Based on research conducted on fruit peel extract P. jiringa has the potential as a bioherbicide.
DETEKSI BAKTERI Salmonella DAN Shigella PADA MAKANAN BURGER DI SUNGAI RAYA DALAM PONTIANAK
Authors: Apriani Lisa , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Kurniatuhadi Rikhsan
Published: December 2020

Burger is one of the food in Indonesia that consists of bread, meat, vegetables, sauce, and mayonnaise. This study aims to detect the bacterial presence from genus Salmonella and Shigella in burger food sold in Sungai Raya Dalam, Pontianak. Samples were collected from the location consist of cooked whole burger, precooked bread, postcooked bread, precooked burger meat, postcooked burger meat, lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, sauce, and mayonnaise ware bought from six traders. Based on the research, sixty samples tested in Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) media showed that 28,33% samples was contaminated with by Salmonella and 3,33% samples was contaminated by Shigella, this showed that burger samples in Sungai Raya Dalam Pontianak could be contaminated by bacteria members of the genus Salmonella and Shigella and exceed the threshold that has been determined by SNI is negative / 25g
ETNOBOTANI SEBAGAI BAHAN PENYEDAP RASA OLEH MASYARAKAT MELAYU DESA SEJAHTERA MANDIRI KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU
Authors: Kardina Megawati , Wardoyo Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning , Rafdinal Rafdinal
Published: December 2020

Masyarakat Melayu Desa Sejahtera Mandiri masih memanfaatkan hutan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan seharihari salah satunya yaitu sebagai bahan penyedap rasa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan pada Masyarakat Melayu Desa Sejahtera Mandiri Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan teknik semi terstruktur. Data yang diperoleh disajikan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif yaitu dengan menghitung frekuensi sitasi, bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan dan cara pengolahan tumbuhan tertentu yang digunakan dari setiap tumbuhan penyedap rasa. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ditemukan 17 spesies tumbuhan termasuk ke dalam 13 famili yang digunakan sebagai penyedap rasa oleh Masyarakat Melayu Desa Sejahtera Mandiri Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Bagian yang digunakan sebagai penyedap rasa yaitu daun 41,17%, buah 29,41%, batang dan umbi 17,64% , rimpang 17,64%, serta biji dan bunga 5,88%. Cara pengolahan dilakukan dengan cara diiris 58,82%, digeprek 47,05%, ditumbuk 41,17%, diparut 23,52%, diperah dan dikeringkan 17,64%. Tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai penyedap rasa memiliki nilai frekuensi sitasi tertinggi sebanyak 100 % dan nilai terendah 70 %
INVENTARISASI MAKROINVERTEBRATA BENTIK DI SUNGAI MENTUKA KABUPATEN SEKADAU KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Sangau Paulus , Junardi Junardi , Rousdy Diah Wulandari
Published: December 2020

The existence of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) macroinvertebrates in water can be used as the indicators to identify the water quality. This study aims to determine the diversity of Macroinvertebrates and physical and chemical factors in water of the Mentuka River. Macroinvertebrate sampling was carried out in February 2018 using random with surber and dip net at three stations spread overthe upstream, middle and downstream of the Mentuka River. The measurements chemicals and physical factors such as water temperature, brightness, current velocity, depth, TDS, TSS, acidity (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO) and free carbon dioxide (CO2), which is carried out together with macroinvertebrates sampling. There are 378 macroinvertebrates individuals belonging to nine genera, namely Polypedilum, Hydropsyche, Anthopotamus, Baetis, Acroneuria, Libellula, Rhyacophila, Parathelphusa and Macrobrachium in Mentuka River. The Ephemeroptera, Baetis is the most abundance with 5.76 ind/m2. Based on the diversity index, the Mentuka was categorized as moderately polluted river.
KAJIAN BIOMASA TEGAKAN ATAS PERMUKAAN (ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS) DAN CADANGAN KARBON DI BEBERAPA TAMAN KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Maryadi Andi , Rafdinal Rafdinal , Linda Riza
Published: December 2020

Pontianak as the a city the of West Kalimantan, of course, encountered the descrease of land from year to year. This issue leads to the increase of carbon emission in the air. The aim of this research is to find out howmuch biomass and reserved carbon on the surface of gardens in the Pontianak city. This study was conducted from March to June 2017. This used non-destructive methods and alometric equations, data collection was gathered through census on each stand up by measuring DBH ≥ 5 cm. The results of this study shows that biomass above the oil surface at five gardens in Pontianak city was around 36,85-473,42 ton/Ha and reserves carbon was around 18,42-236,71 ton C/Ha. The highest reserve carbon was on street of Jalan Ahmad Yani 1 with the value of reserved carbon was around 236.71 ton C/Ha and the lowest reserved carbon was at the garden of Tugu Khatulistiwa, that was 18.42 ton C/Ha.
INVENTARISASI JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS DI HUTAN BUKIT DANAU DESA PENIRAMAN KECAMATAN SUNGAI PINYUH KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH
Authors: Sabrawi Salmiah , Turnip Masnur , Ifadatin Siti
Published: December 2020

Macroscopic mushrooms are one of the important biodiversity in the ecosystem of forests and human life. Research related to macroscopic mushrooms in West Kalimantan has already been done, but have never done in some areas, which is in the forest of Bukit Danau Peniraman Village of Mempawah regency. This research aims to determine the types of macroscopic mushrooms that exist in the forest of Bukit Danau Peniraman Village of Sungai Pinyuh district, Mempawah regency. Sampling of fungi using exploration methods by exploring the forest according to the transect pathway. The results showed that there were 20 types of macroscopic mushrooms consisting of 5 orders, 13 families, and 17 generas. Fungi that most commonly found came from an order of Polyporales and the fewest orders are the order ofDacrymycetales, the order of Hymenochaetales, and the order of Xylariales. Macroscopic mushrooms found in the forest of Bukit Danau Peniraman Village of Sungai Pinyuh district, Mempawah regency, fungi most commonly grew at substrate of dead tree.
INVENTARISASI JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS FILUM ASCOMYCOTA DI KAWASAN UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Kristin Repita , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Mukarlina Mukarlina
Published: December 2020

Ascomycota is a microscopic fungi and a fraction of macroscopic, unicellular and multicellular fungi. The research of Ascomycota phylum macroscopic fungi inventory research aims to determine the type macroscopic fungi of Ascomycota phylum members in Tanjungpura University Area, Pontianak, West Borneo. The sample was taken by using Cruise Method and identified by matching morphological characteristics of the specimens with the identification book. Ascomycota  identification of macroscopic fungi samples of Ascomycota phylum based on morphological characteristics with the identification books. The results study found have 3 macroscopic fungi species consisting of 2 classes, 2 orders, 2 families, and 2 genera. In addition, Ascomycota found in Tanjungpura University Area, Pontianak, West Borneo, grow mostly on the substrate originated from dead trees.
KARAKTERISASI Bacillus spp. DAN Fusarium sp. DARI TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum L.) DI DESA JAGA
Authors: Flori Florianus , Mukarlina Mukarlina , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: December 2020

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the farm crop which become commodities in West Kalimantan. This research aimed to determine the morphological characteristic of Bacillus bacteria from rhizosphere of pepper and Fusarium fungi with symptoms of yellow disease. Sampling was done in pepper farm crops, Sungai Jaga Village, Bengkayang Regency. Isolation and identification were implemented at Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak. The result of isolation and identification showed 4 bacterial isolates belong to genus Bacillus, namely Bacillus sp. BRF1, Bacillus sp. BRF2, Bacillus sp. BRF3 and Bacillus sp. BRF4 and one isolate of Fusarium sp. JDF from pepper with symptom of yellow desease.
PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN OBAT OLEH MASYARAKAT SUKU DAYAK KENDAWANGAN DI DESA RANGKUNG KECAMATAN MARAU KABUPATEN KETAPANG
Authors: Andari Desti , Linda Riza , Rafdinal Rafdinal
Published: December 2020

Dayak Kendawangan tribe is a sub-tribe of Dayak which is spread around Kendawangan River in Rangkung Village, Marau District, Ketapang Regency. Dayak Kendawangan tribe still uses plants as traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of medicinal plants utilized by Kendawangan Dayak people in Rangkung Village. This research was conducted in October to December 2018. The method used was snowball with 11 respondents and conducted interviews with respondents to obtain information on traditional medicines and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed there were 52 species from 33 families, the most widely used family is Zingiberaceae (9,62 %). Part of a widely used plant is the leaves (42,18 %), while the way of processing and the use of medicinal plant is in boiled (59,61 %) and drunk (50,94 %). The most uptake of medicinal plants in the yard (47,82 %) and forest (39,13 %). The highest frequency of citation (FIC) value is Psidium guajava (54,5 %). Plant part value (PPV) and interspecific use value (IUV) of plants used in traditional medicine of Kendawangan Dayak tribe are 0.5-1 and 0.3-2, respectively.
DETEKSI Liberibacter spp. PADA JERUK SIAM BERGEJALA KLOROSIS DISERTAI BERCAK HITAM DENGAN Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Iliana Iliana , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Rachmat Agus , Mukarlina Mukarlina , Zakaria Latiffah
Published: December 2020

Liberibacter bacteria are one of the pathogenic bacteria in citrus plants. Siam Citrus Plant in Setapok Village, Singkawang City, suspected to be infected with Liberibacter spp. bacteria by showing patterns of symptoms of chlorosis accompanied by patches. This study aims to detect Liberibacter spp. on Siam Citrus leaves with symptomatic chlorosis with patches. Leaf sampling uses the roaming method in one of the citrus plantations in Setapok Village, Singkawang City. Detection of Liberibacter spp. done by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. Detection of bacterial DNA through several stages namely, isolation of bacterial plasmid DNA, 16S rDNA gene amplification with a thermocycler machine, and visualization using a set of electrophoresis devices. Electrophoresis results show the presence of DNA band lines, with a size of around 1100 bp for OI1 and OI2c primers, and DNA bands of 703 bp for A2 and J5 specifics. The results showed that there were Liberibacter spp. in the symptomatic chlorosis of Siam Citrus leaves accompanied by patches.
Investment and investment process: genesis and modern approach
Authors: Dzhioev D. A.
Published: December 2020

The article considers various domestic and foreign approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «investment» as an economic category in retrospect (historical analysis of the origin and development of investment theory) and at the present stage of development. Based on the critical analysis of various interpretations, the paper formulates the author’s definition of the concept of «investment». In turn, investment, as one of the most important elements of the economy, is the basis for the development of territories characterized by the level of development of investment processes in them. The article analyses various interpretations of the concept of «investment process», carries out their systematization, and proposes the author’s definition of the concept. The research uses methods of bibliographic and logical analysis as well as a systematic approach.
Mechanism for developing a dividend policy, basic algorithms
Authors: Karimov U. S.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the strategic block of corporate finance – the formation of the mechanism of dividend policy in the company and its role in the processes of accumulation and distribution of property. Since financial markets are characterized by high mobility and volatility, the dividend policy and the financial mechanism of corporations are constantly evolving. The article considers the main dividend practices and theories that allowed us to obtain a high dividend yield. The paper makes the main emphasis on the forms of payments, the main stages of the formation of the dividend policy, industry features affecting the dividend mechanism and the possibilities of optimization and adaptation to the existing market environment. The article offers recommendations for the stage-by-stage formation of the mechanism of dividend policy in the company in the field of retail.
Assessment of functional elements of public finance management
Authors: Namitulina A. Z. , Soklakova I. V. , Kuzmina E. Yu. , Buryak E. A.
Published: December 2020

The article assesses the main functional elements of public Finance management: planning, operational management and control. Financial planning and forecasting presently depend not only on macroeconomic and microeconomic factors, but also on geopolitical factors. Economic sanctions, which are still ongoing, have a particular impact, so it is impossible to make an accurate forecast in the management of public finances. Operational public financial management can never be considered without public resources designed to support and implement the activities of all areas of the country’s life. The paper pays special attention to the control function due to the lack of a single objective control system. To improve efficiency, the authors propose to use certain criteria: the performance criterion and the criterion of inappropriate use of budget funds. The paper calculates the dependence of Federal budget revenues on the level of gross domestic product (GDP) and the level of unemployment. The authors use for the calculation a standard form of regression equation that takes into account statistical correlations. The results of this study can be used to improve the efficiency of Federal budget revenue planning.
Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of bases of formation of social activity of youth
Authors: Domashova E. V. , Blagovskaya E. V. , Gonohova T. A.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the concepts of activity, youth, social activity. The paper notes great attention to young people, especially to the problems of young people, because youth is the most active age group, that can realize itself in all spheres of life: cultural, social, political etc. The authors notice that young people, more than other socio-demographic groups, are focused on raising their social status and on mastering new social roles. The article analyses theoretical approaches to the study of the foundations of the formation of social activity of young people: philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, and sociological. In addition, the paper notes availability of a huge number of author’s interpretations of the definition of «social activity». A common feature of the authors’ study of the phenomenon of activity is the presence of a purposeful, conscious, motivated impact of the personality on society. In addition, social activity is an integral part of the motivational structure of the individual. Based on the author’s interpretations of various scientists, the paper emphasizes the General characteristic of the definition of «social activity» – the presence of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of an individual’s social interaction with the surrounding world.
Research of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of public relations activities
Authors: Sazonov A. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the main methods of evaluating the effectiveness of activities in the field of public relations. The paper indicates the main features that characterize modern PR technologies: innovation, manufacturability, consistency, the guarantee of certain practical results, and so on. Public relations are currently one of the fastest-growing components of the marketing communications complex, which is aimed at forming and strengthening a positive image of the company in the eyes of public groups. The study ascertains that to calculate the effect of PR campaigns and return on investment (ROI), it is necessary to use the construction of special multicomponent correlation models, where media analytical indicators can be correlated with certain financial results. The author considers the metric of the use value norm used to assess the current level and effectiveness of the company’s communication policy, taking into account the complex of various PR activities. The study gives an algorithm for finding an effective commercial offer in the B2B segment. The paper creates a formula that allows calculating the socio-economic efficiency of a PR company. In conclusion of the article, the author presents groups of indicators that should be paid attention to by the company’s top management to evaluate conducted PR campaign.
Assessment of the food security level in the regions of the European North of Russia based on benchmarking methodology
Authors: Moronova O. G. , Kirik O. B. , Kremlyova N. A.
Published: December 2020

This paper justifies the need to use benchmarking tools when assessing food security in the regions of the European North of Russia. The authors reveal the essence and advantages of this approach, define the criteria that characterize the agrarian potential of the regions. On the basis of the author’s methodology, the study develops an algorithm for the benchmarking procedure and tests it on the subjects of the North-West Federal District. Based on the indicators of the formation and use of the agrarian potential and the applied ranking methodology, the paper reveals the similarity of five regions of the European North of Russia, substantiates the leading position of the agricultural sector of the Vologda region. As a result of the study, the authors make a conclusion that the level of food security in the region depends on the starting conditions of the region, relies on state and regional needs, takes into account the regulatory framework. This circumstance makes it necessary to constantly assess the level of food security in order to make appropriate decisions about the necessary management impacts.
Assessing the Orbital Contribution in the “Spodium Bond” by Natural Orbital for Chemical Valence-Charge Displacement Analysis
Authors: Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Rocchigiani Luca
Published: December 2020

The term “spodium bond” (SpB) has been recently proposed for the non-coordinative interaction between a polarised group 12 metal and a mild Lewis base. In most of the systems showing short metal-donor distances, however, SpB coexists with other weak interactions, including hydrogen and halogen bonding. Here we show their mutual importance can be probed by dissecting the orbital component of the interaction through the Natural Orbital for Chemical Valence-Charge Displacement analysis. NOCV-CD gives us straightforward snapshots of relative energies and electrons involved, either for model and “real” adducts, allowing us to demonstrate the lack of a direct correlation between a favourable metal-base distance and the presence of an orbital contribution for the SpB.
Response to Comment on “Boosted Molecular Mobility During Common Chemical Reactions”
Authors: wang huan , Park Myeonggon , Dong Ruoyu , kim junyoung , Cho Yoon-Kyoung , tlusty tsvi , granick steve
Published: December 2020

Günther et al. report that their control experiment using randomized magnetic field gradient sequences disagreed with findings we had reported using linear gradients. However, we show that measurements in our laboratory are consistent using both methods.
An Explanation About Canonical Forms and Real Molecule in Resonance Theory, Through Instructors Own Sketches Analogy
Authors: ahmed faiz
Published: December 2020

In elementary chemistry courses students often demonstrate difficulty with real understanding of Resonance Theory i.e. canonical structure vs. real molecule difference, so unanswered puerile questions during lecture made the subject boring. In such situations use of suitable analogy other than the subject area make the teaching more effective. Using an analogy from the daily life act as a powerful tool to explain curious questions efficiently to develop the interest of the students in subject. Sharing of personal experiences and analogies among scientific community is an effective way to spread scientific knowledge magnificently.
Ionic Strength of the Liquid Phase of Different Sludge Streams in a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Prot Thomas , Korving Leon , van Loosdrecht Mark
Published: December 2020

Data from literature were gathered to evaluate the composition of the liquid phase of the different streams in a wastewater treatment plant. Ionic strength were calculated from these data, and then discussed compared to existing literature.
ZnSe Quantum Dots: Determination of Molar Extinction Coefficient for UV to Blue Emitters
Authors: Toufanian Reyhaneh , Zhong Xingjian , Kays Joshua , Saeboe Alexander , Dennis Allison
Published: December 2020

The focus on heavy metal-free visible emitters in optoelectronic devices has increased interest in ZnSe semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) over the past decade. Empirical fit equations correlating the lowest energy electron transition to their size and molar extinction coefficients (ε) are often used to determine the concentration of suspensions containing QDs. This is essential to the design and successful synthesis of complex semiconductor nanoparticles including core/shell and dot-in-rod heterostructures as well as consistent device fabrication. While these equations are known and heavily used for CdSe, CdTe, CdS, PbS, etc., they are not well established for ZnSe nanocrystals; the only two reports of ε in the literature differ by over an order of magnitude. In this study, a series of ZnSe QDs with diameters ranging from 2 to 6 nm were characterized with small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SAXS-based size analysis enabled practical inclusion of small particles in the evaluation. Elemental analysis with microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES) yields a non-stoichiometric Zn:Se ratio consistent with zinc-terminated spherical ZnSe QDs. Using these combined results, molar extinction coefficients for each QD sample were calculated. Empirical fit equations correlating QD size with its lowest energy electron transition (i.e., 1S peak position) and molar extinction coefficients for both 1S peak and high energy wavelengths are reported. These results will enable the consistent and reliable use of ZnSe core particles in complex heterostructures and devices.
∆SCF Dyson Orbitals and Pole Strengths from Natural Ionization Orbitals
Authors: Harb Hassan , Hratchian Hrant
Published: December 2020

The calculation of photoionization cross-sections can play a key role in spectral assignments using modeling and simulation. In this work, we provide formal relationships between pole strengths, which are proportional to the photoionization cross-section, and terms related to the Natural Ionization Orbital model for Delta-SCF calculations. A set of numerical calculations using the developed models is carried out. Pole strength values computed using the two approaches developed for Delta-SCF calculations demonstrate excellent agreement with an electron propagator theory model.
Synthesis of Deuterated Surrogate Standards for the Analysis of Legally Regulated Substances in Cosmetics
Authors: Beatriz Fariña , González Carlos , Lolo Manuel , Sardina F. Javier
Published: December 2020

The presence of harmful substances in cosmetic products is regulated in most countries. In the European Union the Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009 lays down the requirements for the marketing of cosmetic products. Among others, important families of compounds restricted in the Regulation are musks, allergenic fragrances and phthalates. To ensure product safety, improved analytical methods capable of reliably and reproducibly detecting the presence of traces of prohibited and/or restricted ingredients in raw materials and finished products are required. For the continuous improvement of the reliability of the analytical methods developed to check the compliance of cosmetic products with the Regulation, the use of appropriate surrogate standards or contaminants (substances that are added to the samples to be analyzed to establish the recovery and the reproducibility of the quantification of the analytes) are of utmost importance. One of the best kinds of surrogate standards are isotopically labeled analogs of the analytes of interest. In this work, several synthetic methods have been developed to prepare isotopically labeled analogs of atranol, chloroatranol, di-n-octylphthalate, musk xylene, and musk ambrette, which are restricted substances in cosmetic articles.
The role of blood biomarkers in predicting the outcome of ischemic stroke
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Gulieva Maiia S. , Bagmanian Sona D. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Chukanova Anna S. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Chukanova Elena I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

Инсульт является одним из наиболее распространенных неврологических заболеваний и третьей причиной инвалидизации пациентов. Ежегодно во всем мире от инсульта умирают более 5 млн человек, и каждый 6-й выживший пациент в течение последующих 5 лет переносит повторный ин-сульт. За последние два десятилетия отмечается снижение уровня смертности от данного заболевания, однако процент инвалидизации остается еще очень высоким. В настоящее время актуальным направлением научных разработок является прогнозирование течения инсульта, которое поз-волит разрабатывать оптимальные терапевтические подходы и разрабатывать индивидуальные программы реабилитационного лечения. Одним из перспективных направлений для прогнозирования течения ишемии мозга является использование биомаркеров, изучение роли которых нахо-дится в стадии разработки, и их дальнейшие исследования актуальны для возможности их применения в клинической практике врача. Ключевые слова: ишемия мозга, ишемический инсульт, гематоэнцефалический барьер, нейроспецифические белки, биомаркеры крови, нейронспецифическая енолаза, мозговой нейротрофический фактор, белок р53. Для цитирования: Гулиева М.Ш., Багманян С.Д., Чуканова А.С., Чуканова Е.И. Роль биомаркеров крови в прогнозировании исхода течения ишеми-ческого инсульта. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (9): 28–32. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.9.200284
Asthenic syndrome in neurological and general therapeutic practice
Authors:   Center for Speech Pathology and Neurorehabilitation, Moscow, Russia, Shishkova Veronika N. , Shishkova Veronika N. ,   Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются основные проявления астенических расстройств у коморбидных пациентов в практике врачей первичного звена. Об-суждаются патогенез данных проявлений и возможность подбора оптимальной терапии. Рассматривается спектр терапевтического влияния пре-парата Церебролизин применительно к данной категории пациентов. Ключевые слова: постинфекционная астения, органическая астения, Церебролизин. Для цитирования: Шишкова В.Н. Астенический синдром в неврологической и общетерапевтической практике. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (9): 65–67. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.9.200343
The possibility of the use of the flurbiprofen in patients with dorsalgia
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Chugunov Aleksandr V. , Kamchatnov Pavel R. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Khanmurzayeva Saida B. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Shemshetdinova Aminat M. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia
Published: December 2020

Дорсалгия – исключительно распространенная форма скелетно-мышечных болевых синдромов, которая наблюдается у представителей разных возрастных групп и часто ассоциирована с рядом соматических заболеваний. При лечении пациентов с дорсалгией нередко требуется достижение как противоболевого, так и противовоспалительного эффекта. Важным аспектом лечения таких пациентов является сведение к минимуму развития побочных эффектов. В статье приводятся результаты изучения эффективности и безопасности препарата флурбипрофен (Ракстан), рассматрива-ется возможность его применения у пациентов с дорсалгией. Ключевые слова: поясничная боль, лечение, безопасность, флурбипрофен. Для цитирования: Чугунов А.В., Камчатнов П.Р., Ханмурзаева С.Б., Шемшединова А.М. Возможность применения флурбипрофена у пациентов с дорсалгией. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (9): 71–75. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.9.200366
Review of updated clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis: focus on the topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors:   Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia, Pogozheva Elena Iu. , Amirdzhanova Vera N. ,   Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia, Karateev Andrey E. ,   Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

Остеоартрит (ОА) – хроническое прогрессирующее заболевание, обычно поражающее кисти, коленные и тазобедренные суставы, вызывающее выраженную боль и значительно снижающее качество жизни пациентов. Локальные формы нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП) широко представлены в международных рекомендациях в качестве первого шага противовоспалительной терапии ОА. Так, Американский колледж ревматологии (ACR) настоятельно рекомендует топические НПВП пациентам с ОА коленного сустава и условно – пациентам с ОА суста-вов кистей. В соответствии с принципом, что предпочтительны препараты с наименьшим системным воздействием, местные НПВП являются пер-вым шагом противовоспалительной терапии при ОА указанных локализаций. Кроме того, ACR рекомендует людям в возрасте 75 лет и старше ис-пользовать местные, а не пероральные НПВП; пожилые пациенты часто имеют сопутствующие заболевания и/или повышенный риск развития сердечно-сосудистых, желудочно-кишечных или почечных осложнений. Международное общество по изучению остеоартрита (OARSI) относит применение локальных форм НПВП к рекомендациям самого высокого уровня (1А). Данный метод настоятельно рекомендован пациентам с ОА коленного сустава без сопутствующих заболеваний и с сопутствующими заболеваниями желудочно-кишечного тракта или сердечно-сосудистой системы. Местные НПВП рекомендованы более настоятельно, чем все пероральные анальгетики, из-за благоприятного баланса эффективности и переносимости. Ключевые слова: остеоартрит, клинические рекомендации, лечение, локальные формы нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов, эф-фективность, переносимость. Для цитирования: Погожева Е.Ю., Амирджанова В.Н., Каратеев А.Е. Обзор обновленных клинических рекомендаций по лечению больных остео-артритом: фокус на локальные формы нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (9): 76–81. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.9.200396
ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID SOLUTIONS NANBFEO-(x = 0;0,1;0,2)
Authors: Барабанова Екатерина Владимировна , Оспельников Никита Михайлович , Иванова Александра Ивановна
Published: December 2020

Введение легирующих примесей является классическим способом модификации свойств сложных оксидов семейства перовскита с общей формулой ABO. В качестве основы для создания твердых растворов широко используется ниобат натрия NaNbO. Введение замещающих катионов проводится как по позиции A, так и по позиции B. При этом особый интерес представляет случай, когда валентность легирующей примеси больше или меньше валентности исходного катиона в узле. В этом случае образуется дефектная структура, которая может обладать уникальными свойствами. Данная работа посвящена исследованию электрофизических свойств керамики ниобата натрия с примесью Fe. Замещение производилось по позициям катионов ниобия Nb . Показано, что для таких составов характерно значительное увеличение электропроводности, понижение температуры Кюри и размытие фазового перехода.

Introduction of dopants is a classic method for modifying properties of perovskite complex oxides of the family of general formula ABO. Sodium niobate NaNbO is widely used as a basis for creating solid solutions. The introduction of substitutional cations is carried out at both position A and at position B . Of particular interest is the case when valence of the dopant is greater or less than valence of the initial cation at the site. In this case, a defected structure is formed, which may have unique properties. This work is devoted to study of the electrical properties of sodium niobate ceramics doped with Fe . The substitution was carried out according to positions of the nibium cations Nb . It is shown that such compositions are characterized by a significant increase in electrical conductivity, a decrease in the Curie temperature, and a diffuse of the phase transition.
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY AT ROOM TEMPERATURE IN LINATANBO SYNTHESIZED AT A HIGH PRESSURE
Authors: Ефремов Вадим Викторович , Палатников Михаил Николаевич , Щербина Ольга Борисовна
Published: December 2020

Методом импеданс спектроскопии в области температур 290 - 460 К исследован сегнетоэлектрический твердый раствор LiNaTaNbO со структурой перовскита, синтезированный в условиях высокого давления и температуры. Определены значения статических удельных проводимостей, наиболее вероятные времена релаксации в зависимости от температуры, энтальпии активации носителей заряда и реальная часть диэлектрической проницаемости. Обнаружено, что при комнатной температуре LiNaTaNbO обладает высокой электропроводностью, близкой к суперионной. Обсуждаются возможные механизмы обнаруженных явлений.

A ferroelectric solid solution LiNaTaNbO with a perovskite structure, synthesized under the high pressure and temperature conditions, has been studied by impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range 290 - 460 K. The values of static conductivity, the most probable relaxation times as functions of temperature, the activation enthalpy of charge carriers, and the real part of the dielectric constant have been determined. It was found that at room temperature LiNaTaNbO has a high electrical conductivity, close to the superionic one. Possible mechanisms of the discovered phenomenon are discussed.
PHASE FORMATION IN CONTACT LAYERS DURING CONTACT MELTING OF COPPER AND ALUMINUM
Authors: Касумов Юрий Надирович , Манукянц Артур Рубенович , Созаев Виктор Адыгеевич , Хуболов Борис Магометович
Published: December 2020

В настоящей работе предпринимается попытка выявить особенности структуры контактных прослоек при контактном плавлении меди с алюминием марки АМГ-2 (состав мас. %: Mg - 1,8-2,8, Mn - 0,2-0,6, Cu - 0,1, Zn - 0,2, Fe - 0,4, Si - 0,4, остальное - алюминий) и алюминий-литиевым сплавом ( Al - 0,4 ат. % Li ). Изучение контактного плавления в системе Cu / Al важно для разработки технологии контактно-реактивной пайки, получения слоистых интерметаллических композиционных материалов, создания теплоотводов полупроводниковых приборов, моделирование дендритообразования. Установлено, что в контактных прослойках образуются интерметаллиды, влияющие на хрупкость соединений меди с алюминием и эвтектические структуры.

In this work, an attempt is made to identify the features of the structure of contact layers during the contact melting of copper with aluminum brand AMG-2 (mass composition, %: Mg - 1,8 - 2,8, Mn - 0,2 - 0,6, Cu - 0,1, Zn - 0,2, Fe - 0,4, Si - 0,4, rest - aluminum) and aluminum-lithium alloy (Al - 0,4 wt.% Li). The study of contact melting in the system is important for development of contact-reactive soldering technology, obtaining layered intermetallic composite materials, creating heat sinks for semiconductor devices, modeling dendrite formation. It was established that intermetallic compounds are formed in the contact layers, which affect the brittleness of copper-aluminum compounds and eutectic structures.
STUDY OF ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED FILMS BASED ON TIN DIOXIDE
Authors: Сигаев Александр Петрович , Аверин Игорь Александрович , Карманов Андрей Андреевич , Пронин Игорь Александрович , Якушова Надежда Дмитриевна
Published: December 2020

Представлены результаты теоретических и экспериментальных исследований свойств поверхности наноструктурированных плёнок на основе диоксида олова методами ИК-Фурье-спектроскопии, эллипсометрии, а также индикаторным методом распределения центров адсорбции. Для дополнительной постобработки наноструктурированных плёнок с целью активации адсорбционных центров использовано травление в индуктивно-связной плазме.

The results of theoretical and experimental studies of surface properties of nanostructured films based on tin dioxide using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry and the indicator method of the distribution of adsorption centers are presented. Etching in inductively coupled plasma was used for additional post-processing of nanostructured films in order to activate the adsorption centers.
ELECTRIC CRYSTALLIZATION OF THIN FILMS OF SODIUM - TUNGSTEN BRONZE
Authors: Хуболов Борис Магометович
Published: December 2020

В работе рассмотрены вопросы получения тонких пленок натрийвольфрамовых бронз кубической структуры методом электрокристаллизации. Приведены основные параметры полученных пленок. Сняты спектры отражения пленок для неокрашенных и окрашенных пленок. Исследование приповерхностного слоя монокристаллов натрий-вольфрамовых бронз методами протонографии и ядерных реакций показало их высокое структурное совершенство. Анодная и катодная поляризации монокристаллов приводят к изменению структуры их приповерхностного слоя. Обеднение по натрию приповерхностного слоя присутствует и при катодной и при анодной поляризации, и глубина обеднения растет с ростом времени поляризации величины напряжения. Электронографией исследованы тонкие пленки натрийвольфрамовых бронз, установлена аморфная структура свеженапыленных пленок для всех температур подложки. Отжиг электронным лучом приводит к кристаллизации пленок.

The paper considers the problems of obtaining thin films of sodium-tungsten bronzes of a cubic structure by the method of electrocrystallization. The main parameters of the obtained films are presented. The reflection spectra of the films were recorded for uncolored and colored films. Investigation of the near-surface layer of sodium-tungsten bronze single crystals by protonography and nuclear reactions showed their high structural perfection. The anodic and cathodic polarizations of single crystals lead to a change in the structure of their surface layer. Depletion in sodium of the nearsurface layer is present at both cathodic and anodic polarization, and the depletion depth increases with increasing polarization time of the voltage value. Thin films of sodium-tungsten bronzes have been investigated by electron diffraction, and the amorphous structure of freshly deposited films has been established for all substrate temperatures. Annealing with an electron beam leads to crystallization of the films.
ESTIMATION OF THE POLARIZATION AND DISPERSION CORRECTIONS TO THE SURFACE ENERGY OF THE FACES OF METAL CRYSTALS
Authors: Шебзухова Ирина Гусейновна , Арефьева Людмила Павловна
Published: December 2020

На базе электронно-статистического метода получены выражения и рассчитаны дисперсионная и поляризационная поправки к поверхностной энергии граней кристаллов IA металлов на границе с вакуумом. Обе поправки сильно анизотропны. Дисперсионная поправка увеличивает величину поверхностной энергии граней (от 3 до 23 %), поляризационная - снижает менее, чем на 1%. Учет данных взаимодействий улучшает согласие результатов расчета поверхностной энергии с экспериментальными данными расплавов.

On the basis of the electronic statistical method, expressions for the dispersion and polarization corrections to the surface energy of the crystal faces 1A of metals at the boundary with vacuum are obtained and their value are calculated. Both corrections are highly anisotropic. The dispersion correction increases the surface energies of the faces (from 3 to 23 %), the polarization correction reduces them by less than 1%. Taking into account these interactions improves the agreement between the calculated surface energy and the experimental data of the melts.
MEASURES OF THE BASIS EFFICIENCY IN THE INTERNAL ROTATION PROBLEM
Authors: Белов Александр Николаевич , Туровцев Владимир Владимирович , Орлов Юрий Дмитриевич
Published: December 2020

Рассмотрено понятие вариационного предела при численном решении торсионного уравнения Шрёдингера и определены значения энергий состояний и переходов между ними на вариационном пределе в зависимости от размера базиса. На большом числе модельных потенциалов показано, что количество достоверно вычисляемых уровней линейно зависит от числа базисных функций. Данное число уровней (номер наибольшего достоверного состояния) рекомендовано в качестве меры эффективности базиса. Для базиса плоских волн найдено, что коэффициент углового наклона линейной зависимости составляет ≈ 1,03.

Definition of the variational limit for the Schrodinger torsion equation solution was considered. Energies of levels and transitions at the variational limits were calculated for different basis sets. With many modeling potentials it was shown that the quantity of reliable calculated levels linearly depends on the number of the basis functions. This number (the number of the maximum reliable state) was recommended as a measure of the basis efficiency. The slope of the straight line for the planar wave basis dependence is approximately equal to 1,03.
ELECTRON PARAMETERS OF THE STRUCTURAL ISOMERS OF K,K - DIFLUOROOCTANE
Authors: Котомкин Алексей Викторович , Русакова Наталья Петровна , Туровцев Владимир Владимирович , Орлов Юрий Дмитриевич
Published: December 2020

Проведено исследование электронного строения 6,6 - дифторундекана (6,6 - FCH) и структурных изомеров к, к-дифтороктана (к, к-FCH, где 1 ≤ к ≤ 8, к - положение фторов в углеводородной цепи). В рамках «квантовой теории атомов в молекулах» найдены переносимые или «стандартные» электронные параметры топологических атомов и атомных групп (заряд, объем и энергия). Оценена дальность индуктивного воздействия атомов фтора и фторсодержащих фрагментов (CHF и CF) на ближайшее окружение. Установлено, что влияние CHF распространяется на четыре CH , а CF на две CH группы в обе стороны по алкильной цепи. Получены данные по изменениям электронных параметров в зависимости от удаления от атома фтора. Составлен ряд групповых электроотрицательностей, согласно которому CF является более сильным акцептором электронной плотности, чем CHF.

The investigation of the electronic structure of the 6,6 - difluorine undecane (6,6 - FCH ) and structural isomers of к, к - difluorine octane molecules (к, к-FCH, 1 ≤ к ≤ 8, where к is a position of the fluorine atoms in alkyl chain) has been carried out. Within the «quantum theory of atoms in molecules» the transferable or «standard» electron parameters of topological atoms and atomic groups (charge, energy and volume) have been determined. The inductive effect spread from the fluorine and the fluorine-containing fragments (CHF and CF) on local environment was explored. The influence of CHF applies to four CH groups along the hydrocarbon chain, the influence of CF applies to two CH groups in both sides along the hydrocarbon chain. Data on changes in electronic parameters depending on the distance from the fluorine atom were obtained. Series of electronegativity of the functional groups has been made up. According to it CF group is a stronger acceptor of electron density, than CHF.
MODIFICATION OF SILICON SURFACE UNDER INFLUENCE OF RADIATION OF A NANOSECOND ULTRAVIOLET LASER
Authors: Малинский Тарас Владимирович , Миколуцкий Сергей Иванович , Рогалин Владимир Ефимович , Хомич Юрий Владиславович , Ямщиков Владимир Александрович , Каплунов Иван Александрович , Иванова Александра Ивановна
Published: December 2020

Методами оптической профилометрии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии исследовано воздействие излучения наносекундного ультрафиолетового лазера (λ - 355 нм, длительность импульса 10 нс, энергия в импульсе - до 8 мДж, частота следования импульсов до 100 Гц) на монокристалл кремния. При плотности энергии ≥ 1,2 Дж/см наблюдалось образование плазменного факела и кратера. При плотности энергии ≥ 0,2 Дж/см, возникают очаги микропробоя на дефектах обработки и зафиксированы следы неконтролируемого поднятия поверхности. Облучение сканирующим пучком лазера при плотности энергии 0, 2 Дж/см образует микрократеры на поверхности размером несколько мкм. С увеличением плотности энергии размер микропробоев увеличивался, и при плотности энергии ≥ 0,7 Дж/смвоздействие сканирующим лучом образует сплошную зону повреждений.

The effect of radiation of a nanosecond ultraviolet laser (λ = 355 nm, pulse duration 10 ns, pulse energy up to 8 mJ, pulse repetition rate - up to 100 Hz) on a silicon single crystal has been investigated by methods of the optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. At an energy density of ≥ 1,2 J/cm, formation of the plasma torch and crater was observed. At an energy density of ≥ 0,2 J/cm, pockets of microbreakdown appeared on processing defects, and traces of uncontrolled surface uplift were recorded. Irradiation with a scanning laser beam at an energy density of 0,2 J/cm forms microcraters on a surface with a size of several microns. With an increase in the energy density, the size of the microbreakdowns increased, and at an energy density ≥ 0,7 J/cm, the impact of the scanning beam forms a continuous damage zone.