bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Digital Games for Competitive Music Composition
Authors: Studley Thomas , Drummond Jon , Scott Nathan , Nesbitt Keith
Published: March 2020

Digital games are a fertile ground for exploring novel computer music applications. While the lineage of game-based compositional praxis long precedes the advent of digital computers, it flourishes now in a rich landscape of music-making apps, sound toys and playful installations that provide access to music creation through game-like interaction. Characterising these systems is the pervasive avoidance of a competitive game framework, reflecting an underlying assumption that notions of conflict and challenge are somewhat antithetical to musical creativity. As a result, the interplay between competitive gameplay and musical creativity is seldom explored. This article reports on a comparative user evaluation of two original games that frame interactive music composition as a human–computer competition. The games employ contrasting designs so that their juxtaposition can address the following research question: how are player perceptions of musical creativity shaped in competitive game environments? Significant differences were found in system usability, and also creativity and ownership of musical outcomes. The user study indicates that a high degree of musical control is widely preferred despite an apparent cost to general usability. It further reveals that players have diverse criteria for ‘games’ which can dramatically influence their perceptions of musical creativity, control and ownership. These findings offer new insights for the design of future game-based composition systems, and reflect more broadly on the complex relationship between musical creativity, games and competition.
THE ‘MYTH’ OF THE PHALANX: BATTLE FORMATIONS AND CULTURAL INTERACTION
Authors: Chiriţoiu Daniel Alexandru
Published: March 2020

The article will discuss the importance of the phalanx as a way to point out cultural links and cultural competition between Greeks and Romans. It will argue that there is a wider discourse in military literature on the phalanx as a cultural commodity, by both historians and authors of ‘military manuals’, each author building on the arguments of the other, and that theTaktikaof Aelian and Arrian are a key link in understanding this discourse in the context of the second century AD.
The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of central obesity in adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad , Vajdi Mahdi
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Backgrounds: Central obesity, as a pivotal component of metabolic syndrome is associated with numerous co-morbidities. Dietary factors influence central obesity by increased inflammatory status. However, recent studies didn’t evaluate the association between central obesity and dietary inflammation index (DII®) that give score to dietary factors according to their inflammatory potential. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the studies that investigated the association between DII® with central obesity indices in the general populations. Methods: In a systematic search from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences and Cochrane electronic databases, we collected relevant studies written in English and published until 30 October 2019. The population of included studies were apparently healthy subjects or individuals with obesity or obesity-related diseases. Observational studies that evaluated the association between DII® and indices of central obesity including WC or WHR were included. Results: Totally thirty-two studies were included; thirty studies were cross-sectional and two were cohort studies with 103071 participants. Meta-analysis of observational studies showed that higher DII® scores were associated with 1.81 cm increase in WC (Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.813; CI: 0.785–2.841; p = 0.001). Also, a non-significant increase in the odds of having higher WC (OR = 1.162; CI: 0.95–1.43; p = 0.154) in the highest DII category was also observed. In subgroup analysis, the continent, dietary assessment tool and gender were the heterogeneity sources. Conclusion: The findings proposed that adherence to diets with high DII® scores was associated with increased WC. Further studies with interventional designs are necessary to elucidate the causality inference between DII® and central obesity indices.
Critical Soil Moisture Derived From Satellite Observations Over Europe
Authors: Denissen Jasper M.C. , Teuling Adriaan J. , Reichstein Markus , Orth René
Published: March 2020

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a crucial quantity through which land surface conditions can impact near‐surface weather and vice versa. ET can be limited by energy or water availability. The transition between water‐ and energy‐limited regimes is marked by the critical soil moisture (CSM), which is traditionally derived from small‐sample laboratory analyses. Here, we aim to determine the CSM at a larger spatial scale relevant for climate modeling, using state‐of‐the‐art gridded data sets. For this purpose, we introduce a new correlation‐difference metric with which the CSM can be accurately inferred using multiple data streams. We perform such an analysis at the continental scale and determine a large‐scale CSM as an emergent property. In addition, we determine small‐scale CSMs at the grid cell scale and find substantial spatial variability. Consistently from both analyses we find that soil texture, climate conditions, and vegetation characteristics are influencing the CSM, with similar respective importance. In contrast, comparable CSMs are found when applying alternative large‐scale energy and vegetation data sets, highlighting the robustness of our results. Based on our findings, the state of the vegetation and corresponding land‐atmosphere coupling can be inferred, to first order, from easily accessible satellite observations of surface soil moisture.
A La Niña‐Like Climate Response to South African Biomass Burning Aerosol in CESM Simulations
Authors: Amiri‐Farahani Anahita , Allen Robert J. , Li King‐Fai , Nabat Pierre , Westervelt Daniel M.
Published: March 2020

The climate response to atmospheric aerosols, including their effects on dominant modes of climate variability like El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), remains highly uncertain. This is due to several sources of uncertainty, including aerosol emission, transport, removal, vertical distribution, and radiative properties. Here, we conduct coupled ocean‐atmosphere simulations with two versions of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) driven by semiempirical fine‐mode aerosol direct radiative effects without dust and sea salt. Aerosol atmospheric heating off the west coast of Africa—most of which is due to biomass burning—leads to a significant atmospheric dynamical response, including localized ascent and upper‐level divergence. Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 6 (CMIP6) biomass burning simulations support this response. Moreover, CESM shows that the anomalous aerosol heating in the Atlantic triggers an atmospheric teleconnection to the tropical Pacific, including strengthening of the Walker circulation. The easterly trade winds accelerate, and through coupled ocean‐atmosphere processes and the Bjerknes feedback, a La Niña‐like response develops. Observations also support a relationship between south African biomass burning emissions and ENSO, with La Niña events preceding strong south African biomass burning in boreal fall. Our simulations suggest a possible two‐way feedback between ENSO and south African biomass burning, with La Niña promoting more biomass burning emissions, which may then strengthen the developing La Niña.
Migrating Transverse Escarpments in Strike Valleys on the Colorado Plateau
Authors: Sheehan C. E. , Ward D. J.
Published: March 2020

Erosion in strike valleys separating parallel cuesta escarpments controls the evolution of staircase‐like landscapes developed in layered rocks. We explore an important erosional process in strike valleys developed in the Mancos Formation of central Utah, USA. These shale‐floored valleys are segmented by transverse (strike‐perpendicular) scarps, which we call migrating transverse escarpments (MTEs). The MTEs separate axial stream networks that join larger transverse rivers from gullies that drain across adjacent sandstone layers. The MTEs mark a state of transience within the strike valleys as the axial stream networks expand along strike and adjust the gullies to a new base level at the transverse rivers. Here, we describe MTE morphology, consider the geomorphic processes that control their evolution, discuss their impacts on regional landscape evolution using field relationships, and explore how variable geologic parameters may affect their behavior using numerical simulations. Our simulation results suggest that fluvial pour points through the adjacent hard layers serve as internal base levels that modulate MTE evolution. Once a stable axial stream network forms, new MTEs cannot form until the channel network reroutes through the hard layers. This likely occurs over glacial‐interglacial timescales as debris deposition reroutes channel networks and variable hydrologic conditions accelerate transverse river incision. However, our results also suggest that MTEs can form autogenically as downdip strike valley retreat causes the lower hard layer to migrate underneath the axial stream. Our findings highlight the influence of lithologically controlled base levels on landscape evolution, particularly in regions of variable layered rocks.
Enhanced 1.54-μm photo- and electroluminescence based on a perfluorinated Er(III) complex utilizing an iridium(III) complex as a sensitizer
Authors: Li Hong-Fei , Liu Xiao-Qi , Lyu Chen , Gorbaciova Jelena , Wen Li-Li , Shan Guo-Gang , Wyatt Peter. B. , Ye Huan-Qing , Gillin William P.
Published: March 2020

Advanced 1.5-µm emitting materials that can be used to fabricate electrically driven light-emitting devices have the potential for developing cost-effective light sources for integrated silicon photonics. Sensitized erbium (Er3+) in organic materials can give bright 1.5-µm luminescence and provide a route for realizing 1.5-µm organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the Er3+ electroluminescence (EL) intensity needs to be further improved for device applications. Herein, an efficient 1.5-µm OLED made from a sensitized organic Er3+ co-doped system is realized, where a “traditional” organic phosphorescent molecule with minimal triplet–triplet annihilation is used as a chromophore sensitizer. The chromophore provides efficient sensitization to a co-doped organic Er3+ complex with a perfluorinated-ligand shell. The large volume can protect the Er3+ 1.5-µm luminescence from vibrational quenching. The average lifetime of the sensitized Er3+ 1.5-µm luminescence reaches ~0.86 ms, with a lifetime component of 2.65 ms, which is by far the longest Er3+ lifetime in a hydrogen-abundant organic environment and can even compete with that obtained in the fully fluorinated organic Er3+ system. The optimal sensitization enhances the Er3+ luminescence by a factor of 1600 even with a high concentration of the phosphorescent molecule, and bright 1.5-µm OLEDs are obtained.
Novel CB1 receptor antagonist BAR-1 modifies pancreatic islet function and clinical parameters in prediabetic and diabetic mice
Authors: Nava-Molina Lesly , Uchida-Fuentes Toyokazu , Ramos-Tovar Héctor , Fregoso-Padilla Martha , Rodríguez-Monroy Marco Aurelio , Vega Ana V. , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Andrade-Jorge Erik , Villalobos-Molina Rafael , Ortiz-Ortega Ricardo , Vilches-Flores Alonso
Published: March 2020

Backgrouds

Cannabinoid receptor antagonists have been suggested as a novel treatment for obesity and diabetes. We have developed a synthetic cannabinoid receptor antagonist denominated BAR-1. As the function and integrity of a β-cell cellular structure are important keys for diabetes onset, we evaluated the effects of pharmacological administration of BAR-1 on prediabetic and diabetic rodents.

Methods

CD-1 mice fed a hypercaloric diet or treated with streptozotocin were treated with 10 mg/kg BAR-1 for 2, 4 or 8 weeks. Body weight, oral glucose tolerance test, HbA1c, triglycerides and insulin in serum were measured. In isolated islets, we evaluated stimulated secretion and mRNA expression, and relative area of islets in fixed pancreases. Docking analysis of BAR-1 was complemented.

Results

BAR-1 treatment slowed down weight gain in prediabetic mice. Fasting glucose–insulin relation also decreased in BAR-1-treated mice and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was increased in isolated islets, without effects in oral test. Diabetic mice treated with BAR-1 showed a reduced glucose and a partial recovery of islet integrity. Gene expression of insulin and glucagon showed biphasic behaviour, increasing after 4 weeks of BAR-1 administration; however, after 8 weeks, mRNA abundance decreased significantly. Administration of BAR-1 also prevents changes in endocannabinoid element expression observed in prediabetic mice. No changes were detected in other parameters studied, including the histological structure. A preliminary in-silico study suggests a close interaction with CB1 receptor.

Conclusions

BAR-1 induces improvement of islet function, isolated from both prediabetic and diabetic mice. Effects of BAR-1 suggest a possible interaction with other cannabinoid receptors.
Author Correction: SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python
Authors:   SciPy 1.0 Contributors, Virtanen Pauli , Gommers Ralf , Oliphant Travis E. , Haberland Matt , Reddy Tyler , Cournapeau David , Burovski Evgeni , Peterson Pearu , Weckesser Warren , Bright Jonathan , van der Walt Stéfan J. , Brett Matthew , Wilson Joshua , Millman K. Jarrod , Mayorov Nikolay , Nelson Andrew R. J. , Jones Eric , Kern Robert , Larson Eric , Carey C J , Polat İlhan , Feng Yu , Moore Eric W. , VanderPlas Jake , Laxalde Denis , Perktold Josef , Cimrman Robert , Henriksen Ian , Quintero E. A. , Harris Charles R. , Archibald Anne M. , Ribeiro Antônio H. , Pedregosa Fabian , van Mulbregt Paul
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Light Intensity-dependent Variation in Defect Contributions to Charge Transport and Recombination in a Planar MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Ryu Shinyoung , Nguyen Duc Cuong , Ha Na Young , Park Hui Joon , Ahn Y. H. , Park Ji-Yong , Lee Soonil
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Egalitarian mixed-species bird groups enhance winter survival of subordinate group members but only in high-quality forests
Authors: Krams Indrikis A. , Luoto Severi , Krama Tatjana , Krams Ronalds , Sieving Kathryn , Trakimas Giedrius , Elferts Didzis , Rantala Markus J. , Goodale Eben
Published: March 2020

Only dominant individuals have unrestricted access to contested resources in group-living animals. In birds, subordinates with restricted access to resources may respond to intragroup contests by acquiring extra body reserves to avoid periods of food shortage. In turn, higher body mass reduces agility and increases predation and mortality risk to subordinates. Birds often live in hierarchically organized mixed-species groups, in which heterospecific individuals are considered to substitute for conspecifics as protection against predators at a significantly reduced competition cost. Crested tits (Lophophanes cristatus) and willow tits (Poecile montanus) form mixed-species groups during the non-reproductive season that typically exhibit a nearly linear dominance hierarchy (‘despotic’ social structure) in which the highest ranking male willow tit is fourth in the overall hierarchy after the dominant male, female and subordinate juvenile crested tit, respectively. Much less frequently, ‘egalitarian’ dominance structures occur in which the adult willow tits rank second and the hierarchy is less steep, or linear. We present a rare long-term data set in which egalitarian flocks are common enough to assess the consequences of this simple change in hierarchy structure as well as a potential driver of the pattern. A comparison of individuals in the despotic mixed-species groups revealed a strong negative correlation between subcutaneous fat stores and dominance rank in the interspecific dominance hierarchy, whereas in egalitarian groups, subordinate willow tits had significantly lower fat reserves and they foraged in safer parts of the canopy than willow tits in despotic groups. Moreover, egalitarian groups exhibited markedly less within-group aggression, higher group cohesion and improved winter survival in both tit species. However, winter survival of birds in egalitarian groups was impaired relative to despotic groups in forests recently affected by industrial forestry. This suggests that the more egalitarian bird societies may best be adapted to less-disturbed environments.
Basic Limonoid modulates Chaperone-mediated Proteostasis and dissolve Tau fibrils
Authors: Gorantla Nalini Vijay , Das Rashmi , Chidambaram Hariharakrishnan , Dubey Tushar , Mulani Fayaj A. , Thulasiram Hirekodathakallu V. , Chinnathambi Subashchandrabose
Published: March 2020

The Alzheimer’s disease pathology is associated with accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular senile plaques. The formation of initial nucleus triggers conformational changes in Tau and leads to its deposition. Hence, there is a need to eliminate these toxic proteins for proper functioning of neuronal cells. In this aspect, we screened the effect of basic limonoids such as gedunin, epoxyazadiradione, azadirone and azadiradione on inhibiting Tau aggregation as well as disintegration of induced Tau aggregates. It was observed that these basic limonoids effectively prevented aggregates formation by Tau and also exhibited the property of destabilizing matured Tau aggregates. The molecular docking analysis suggests that the basic limonoids interact with hexapeptide regions of aggregated Tau. Although these limonoids caused the conformational changes in Tau to β-sheet structure, the cytological studies indicate that basic limonoids rescued cell death. The dual role of limonoids in Tau aggregation inhibition and disintegration of matured aggregates suggests them to be potent molecules in overcoming Tau pathology. Further, their origin from a medicinally important plant neem, which known to possess remarkable biological activities was also found to play protective role in HEK293T cells. Basic limonoids were non-toxic to HEK293T cells and also aided in activation of HSF1 by inducing its accumulation in nucleus. Western blotting and immunofluorescence studies showed that HSF1 in downstream increased the transcription of Hsp70 thus, aggravating cytosolic Hsp70 levels that can channel clearance of aberrant Tau. All these results mark basic limonoids as potential therapeutic natural products.
Humans Predict Action using Grammar-like Structures
Authors: Wörgötter F. , Ziaeetabar F. , Pfeiffer S. , Kaya O. , Kulvicius T. , Tamosiunaite M.
Published: March 2020

Efficient action prediction is of central importance for the fluent workflow between humans and equally so for human-robot interaction. To achieve prediction, actions can be algorithmically encoded by a series of events, where every event corresponds to a change in a (static or dynamic) relation between some of the objects in the scene. These structures are similar to a context-free grammar and, importantly, within this framework the actual objects are irrelevant for prediction, only their relational changes matter. Manipulation actions and others can be uniquely encoded this way. Using a virtual reality setup and testing several different manipulation actions, here we show that humans predict actions in an event-based manner following the sequence of relational changes. Testing this with chained actions, we measure the percentage predictive temporal gain for humans and compare it to action-chains performed by robots showing that the gain is approximately equal. Event-based and, thus, object independent action recognition and prediction may be important for cognitively deducing properties of unknown objects seen in action, helping to address bootstrapping of object knowledge especially in infants.
Structural features of the interaction of MapZ with FtsZ and membranes in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Hosek Tomas , Bougault Catherine M. , Lavergne Jean-Pierre , Martinez Denis , Ayala Isabel , Fenel Daphna , Restelli Marine , Morlot Cecile , Habenstein Birgit , Grangeasse Christophe , Simorre Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2020

MapZ localizes at midcell and acts as a molecular beacon for the positioning of the cell division machinery in the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. MapZ contains a single transmembrane helix that separates the C-terminal extracellular domain from the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Only the structure and function of the extracellular domain is known. Here, we demonstrate that large parts of the cytoplasmic domain is intrinsically disordered and that there are two regions (from residues 45 to 68 and 79 to 95) with a tendency to fold into amphipathic helices. We further reveal that these regions interact with the surface of liposomes that mimic the Streptococcus pneumoniae cell membrane. The highly conserved and unfolded N-terminal region (from residues 17 to 43) specifically interacts with FtsZ independently of FtsZ polymerization state. Moreover, we show that MapZ phosphorylation at positions Thr67 and Thr68 does not impact the interaction with FtsZ or liposomes. Altogether, we propose a model in which the MapZ-mediated recruitment of FtsZ to mid-cell is modulated through competition of MapZ binding to the cell membrane. The molecular interplay between the components of this tripartite complex could represent a key step toward the complete assembly of the divisome.
Highly regional population structure of Spondyliosoma cantharus depicted by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA data
Authors: Neves Ana , Vieira Ana Rita , Sequeira Vera , Paiva Rafaela Barros , Gordo Leonel Serrano , Paulo Octávio S.
Published: March 2020

Resolution of population structure represents an effective way to define biological stocks and inform efficient fisheries management. In the present study, the phylogeography of the protogynous sparidSpondyliosoma cantharus, in the East Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea, was investigated with nuclear (S7) and mitochondrial (cytochromeb) DNA markers. Significant divergence of four regional genetic groups was observed: North Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, Western African Transition (Cape Verde) and Gulf of Guinea (Angola). The two southern populations (Cape Verde and Angola) each comprised reciprocally monophyletic mtDNA lineages, revealed low levels of diversity in Cape Verde and high diversity for Angola despite being represented by only 14 individuals. A complete divergence between North Atlantic and Mediterranean populations was depicted by the mitochondrial marker, but a highly shared nuclear haplotype revealed an incomplete lineage sorting between these regions. Bayesian skyline plots and associated statistics revealed different dynamics among the four regions. Cape Verde showed no expansion and the expansion time estimated for Angola was much older than for the other regions. Mediterranean region seems to have experienced an early population growth but has remained with a stable population size for the last 30000 years while the North Atlantic population has been steadily growing. The lack of genetic structuring within these regions should not be taken as evidence of demographic panmixia in light of potential resolution thresholds and previous evidence of intra-regional phenotypic heterogeneity.
Deletion of metal transporter Zip14 (Slc39a14) produces skeletal muscle wasting, endotoxemia, Mef2c activation and induction of miR-675 and Hspb7
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Aydemir Tolunay Beker , Jimenez-Rondan Felix R. , Ruggiero Courtney H. , Kim Min-Hyun , Cousins Robert J.
Published: March 2020

Skeletal muscle represents the largest pool of body zinc, however, little is known about muscle zinc homeostasis or muscle-specific zinc functions. Zip14 (Slc39a14) was the most highly expressed zinc transporter in skeletal muscle of mice in response to LPS-induced inflammation. We compared metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle from global Zip14 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice (WT). At basal steady state Zip14 KO mice exhibited a phenotype that included muscle wasting and metabolic endotoxemia. Microarray and qPCR analysis of gastrocnemius muscle RNA revealed that ablation of Zip14 produced increased muscle p-Mef2c, Hspb7 and miR-675-5p expression and increased p38 activation. ChIP assays showed enhanced binding of NF-$$\kappa \beta $$κβ to the Mef2c promoter. In contrast, LPS-induced systemic inflammation enhanced Zip14-dependent zinc uptake by muscle, increased expression of Atrogin1 and MuRF1 and markedly reduced MyoD. These signatures of muscle atrophy and cachexia were not influenced by Zip14 ablation, however. LPS-induced miR-675-3p and -5p expression was Zip14-dependent. Collectively, these results with an integrative model are consistent with a Zip14 function in skeletal muscle at steady state that supports myogenesis through suppression of metabolic endotoxemia and that Zip14 ablation coincides with sustained activity of phosphorylated components of signaling pathways including p-Mef2c, which causes Hspb7-dependent muscle wasting.
Fabrication of calcium phosphate 3D scaffolds for bone repair using magnetic levitational assembly
Authors: Parfenov Vladislav A. , Mironov Vladimir A. , Koudan Elizaveta V. , Nezhurina Elizaveta K. , Karalkin Pavel A. , Pereira Frederico DAS , Petrov Stanislav V. , Krokhmal Alisa A. , Aydemir Timur , Vakhrushev Igor V. , Zobkov Yury V. , Smirnov Igor V. , Fedotov Alexander Yu. , Demirci Utkan , Khesuani Yusef D. , Komlev Vladimir S.
Published: March 2020

The calcium phosphate particles can be used as building blocks for fabrication of 3D scaffolds intended for bone tissue engineering. This work presents for the first time a rapid creation of 3D scaffolds using magnetic levitation of calcium phosphate particles. Namely, tricalcium phosphate particles of equal size and certain porosity are used, which undergo the process of recrystallization after magnetic levitational assembly of the scaffold to ensure stitching of the scaffold. Label-free levitational assembly is achieved by using a custom-designed magnetic system in the presence of gadolinium salts, which allows the levitation of calcium phosphate particles. Chemical transformation of tricalcium- to octacalcium phosphate under the condition of magnetic levitation in non-homogeneous magnetic field is also demonstrated. This approach allows obtaining rapidly the octacalcium phosphate phase in the final 3D product, which is biocompatible.
Author Correction: K-edge Subtraction Computed Tomography with a Compact Synchrotron X-ray Source
Authors: Kulpe Stephanie , Dierolf Martin , Günther Benedikt , Busse Madleen , Achterhold Klaus , Gleich Bernhard , Herzen Julia , Rummeny Ernst , Pfeiffer Franz , Pfeiffer Daniela
Published: March 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Prediction of stress and drug craving ninety minutes in the future with passively collected GPS data
Authors: Epstein David H. , Tyburski Matthew , Kowalczyk William J. , Burgess-Hull Albert J. , Phillips Karran A. , Curtis Brenda L. , Preston Kenzie L.
Published: March 2020

Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), typically smartphone apps, learn to deliver therapeutic content when users need it. The challenge is to “push” content at algorithmically chosen moments without making users trigger it with effortful input. We trained a randomForest algorithm to predict heroin craving, cocaine craving, or stress (reported via smartphone app 3x/day) 90 min into the future, using 16 weeks of field data from 189 outpatients being treated for opioid-use disorder. We used only one form of continuous input (along with person-level demographic data), collected passively: an indicator of environmental exposures along the past 5 h of movement, as assessed by GPS. Our models achieved excellent overall accuracy—as high as 0.93 by the end of 16 weeks of tailoring—but this was driven mostly by correct predictions of absence. For predictions of presence, “believability” (positive predictive value, PPV) usually peaked in the high 0.70s toward the end of the 16 weeks. When the prediction target was more rare, PPV was lower. Our findings complement those of other investigators who use machine learning with more broadly based “digital phenotyping” inputs to predict or detect mental and behavioral events. When target events are comparatively subtle, like stress or drug craving, accurate detection or prediction probably needs effortful input from users, not passive monitoring alone. We discuss ways in which accuracy is difficult to achieve or even assess, and warn that high overall accuracy (including high specificity) can mask the abundance of false alarms that low PPV reveals.
Direct ring-strain loading for visible-light accelerated bioorthogonal ligation via diarylsydnone-dibenzo[b,f ][1,4,5]thiadiazepine photo-click reactions
Authors: Gao Jingshuo , Xiong Qin , Wu Xueting , Deng Jiajie , Zhang Xiaocui , Zhao Xiaohu , Deng Pengchi , Yu Zhipeng
Published: March 2020

Ultra-fast and selective covalent-bond forming reactions with spatiotemporal controllability are foundational for developing a bioorthogonal approach with high manipulability. However, it is challenging to exploit a reporter functional group to achieve these requirements simultaneously. Here, 11H-Dibenzo[c,f][1,2]diazepine and a set of heterocyclic analogues are investigated for both their photo-switching natures and their ability to serve as dipolarophiles in photo-click reactions with diarylsydnone. Sulfur-containing dibenzothiadiazepine (DBTD) is discovered to be an excellent chemical reporter in cycloaddition with visible-light excitation for in-situ ring-strain loading via its (Z) → (E) photo-isomerization. The bioorthogonal utility of the DBTD tag in spatiotemporally controlled ligation for protein modifications on live cells is also demonstrated.
Rapid, quantitative therapeutic screening for Alzheimer's enzymes enabled by optimal signal transduction with transistors
Authors: Le Son T. , Morris Michelle A. , Cardone Antonio , Guros Nicholas B. , Klauda Jeffery B. , Sperling Brent A. , Richter Curt A. , Pant Harish C. , Balijepalli Arvind
Published: March 2020

Commercially sourced silicon field-effect transistors enable sensitive measurements of small therapeutic molecules that regulate enzymes implicated in Alzheimer's disease.
Sandwich-like Co3O4/MXene composites as high capacity electrodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Zeting , Guo Huinan , Li Weiqin , Liu Guishu , Zhang Yan , Wang Yijing
Published: March 2020

The synergistic effect of Co3O4 and Ti3C2Tx and the lithiation-induced refining architecture of Co3O4/Ti3C2Tx contribute to remarkable performance.
Effect of nickel ion doping in MnO2/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for lithium adsorption and recovery from aqueous media
Authors: Kamran Urooj , Heo Young-Jung , Min Byung-Gak , In Insik , Park Soo-Jin
Published: March 2020

Novel and effective reduced graphene oxide–nickel (Ni) doped manganese oxide (RGO/Ni-MnO2) adsorbents were fabricatedviaa hydrothermal approach for lithium adsorption and recovery from aqueous media.
The extract from the roots of Rose odorata sweet var. gigantean (Coll. et Hemsl.) Rehd. et Wils attenuates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Li Xinyu , Liu Rui , Zhao Yanmin , Gao Naying , Jin Xin , Gao Xiaoxia , Li Tan , Liu Dailin
Published: March 2020

To evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of ROE in vivo and in vivo by activating Nrf2/Nf-κB pathway.
Unique and efficient adsorbents for highly selective and reverse adsorption and separation of dyes via the introduction of SO3H functional groups into a metal–organic framework
Authors: Saghian Mahdie , Dehghanpour Saeed , Sharbatdaran Massoomeh
Published: March 2020

A novel sulfo-functionalized MOF was utilized as an efficient adsorbent for a reversal in the removal and selective separation of dyes from contaminated water.
A route to virtually unlimited functionalization of water-soluble p-sulfonatocalix[4]arenes
Authors: Gorbunov Alexander , Iskandarova Anna , Puchnin Kirill , Nenajdenko Valentine , Kovalev Vladimir , Vatsouro Ivan
Published: March 2020

Diverse narrow-rim derivatives can be easily prepared from p-sulfonatocalix[4]arenes using the propargylation/CuAAC reaction sequence.
Temperature-induced switchable magnetite nanoparticle superstructures
Authors: Kronenbitter Cathrin , Watanabe Hironobu , Aoshima Sadahito , Cölfen Helmut
Published: March 2020

In this study we describe the green synthesis of temperature-switchable polymer-magnetite nanoparticles (PMNPs) in water at room temperature via an improved co-precipitation pathway for reversible switchable superstructures.
Size effects and odd–even effects on hydrogen adsorption on Janus MoSSe nanosheets: first-principles studies
Authors: Joo Paul H. , Zhang Jingning , Yang Kesong
Published: March 2020

This work reveals the size and odd–even effects on hydrogen adsorption on the Janus MoSSe monolayer nanostructure.
Effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic process on digestion performance of wheat straw
Authors: Korai Rashid Mustafa , Wachemo Akiber Chufo , Yue Liu , Jaffar Muhammad , Li Zhengwei , Shahbaz Muhammad , Yuan Hairong , Li Xiujin
Published: March 2020

The effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic digestion of wheat straw.
A novel thermoplastic shape memory polymer with solid-state plasticity derived from exchangeable hydrogen bonds
Authors: Zhang Xu , Sun Guangping , Zhang Xuequan
Published: March 2020

Thermoplastic SMP equipped with a combination of performances including inherent reprocessability, satisfactory shape memory ability and swift shape re-configurability in the solid state.
In situ self-activation synthesis of binary-heteroatom co-doped 3D coralline-like microporous carbon nanosheets for high-efficiency energy storage in flexible all-solid-state symmetrical supercapacitors
Authors: Chang Binbin , Wang Lei , Shi Weiwei , Chai Yuting , Zhang Shouren , Yang Baocheng
Published: March 2020

Binary-heteroatom co-doped microporous carbon nanosheets were prepared by a facile, one-step, in situ self-activation strategy.
Enhanced catalytic performance of CO methanation over VOx assisted Ni/MCF catalyst
Authors: Tian Zhiwei , Liu Qing , Bian Bing
Published: March 2020

A series of Ni–VOx/MCF catalysts with low-temperature catalytic activity and stability were prepared for CO methanation.
An aqueous rechargeable dual-ion hybrid battery based on Zn//LiTi2(PO4)3 electrodes
Authors: Zhang Zishuai , Zhou Yu , Ru Qiang , Su Ching-yuan , Sun Linfeng , Hou Xianhua , Chen Fuming
Published: March 2020

A rechargeable dual-ion hybrid battery based on an aqueous Li+/Zn2+ electrolyte with Zn//LiTi2(PO4)3 electrodes was demonstrated to work effectively.
CBL–CIPK module-mediated phosphoregulation: facts and hypothesis
Authors: Sanyal Sibaji K. , Mahiwal Swati , Nambiar Deepti M. , Pandey Girdhar K.
Published: March 2020

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a versatile signaling network in plant and employs very efficient signal decoders to transduce the encoded message. The CBL–CIPK module is one of the sensor-relay decoders that have probably evolved with the acclimatization of land plant. The CBLs are unique proteins with non-canonical Ca2+ sensing EF-hands, N-terminal localization motif and a C-terminal phosphorylation motif. The partner CIPKs are Ser/Thr kinases with kinase and regulatory domains. Phosphorylation plays a major role in the functioning of the module. As the module has a functional kinase to transduce signal, it employs phosphorylation as a preferred mode for modulation of targets as well as its interaction with CBL. We analyze the data on the substrate regulation by the module from the perspective of substrate phosphorylation. We have also predicted some of the probable sites in the identified substrates that may be the target of the CIPK mediated phosphorylation. In addition, phosphatases have been implicated in reversing the CIPK mediated phosphorylation of substrates. Therefore, we have also presented the role of phosphatases in the modulation of the CBL–CIPK and its targets. We present here an overview of the phosphoregulation mechanism of the CBL–CIPK module.
Finite‐time sampled‐data fuzzy control for a non‐linear system using passivity and passification approaches and its application
Authors: Vadivel Rajarathinam , Joo Young Hoon
Published: March 2020

This study addresses the finite‐time non‐fragile sampled‐data control for a Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy system with passivity and passification approaches. Firstly, a new finite‐time boundedness (FTB) condition is acquired for the considered system by using a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and inequality approaches. Secondly, finite‐time passivity (FTP) conditions are achieved to ensure that the T–S fuzzy system is not only FTB but also finding passivity performance index. Moreover, under the FTP conditions, the non‐fragile sampled‐data controller is designed for linear matrix inequalities to achieve the stability conditions of the considered system. Finally, the corresponding simulation results for the application examples related to a permanent magnet synchronous motor system, truck trailer system, and Lorenz system are applied to verify the performance of the proposed design method.
Membership‐dependent stability analysis of discrete‐time positive polynomial fuzzy‐model‐based control systems with time delay
Authors: Bao Zhiyong , Mehran Kamyar , Lam Hak Keung , Li Xiaomiao
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a novel, relaxed, Lyapunov‐based and membership‐function dependent stabilisation analysis of discrete‐time polynomial‐fuzzy‐model‐based (PFMB) control systems with time delay under positivity constraint. The discrete‐time non‐linear system with time delay is represented by a polynomial fuzzy model, and corresponding PFMB controller is designed using imperfect premise matching technique which does not require its fuzzy rule and shape of membership functions be matched with those of the model. The authors take advantage of this property to relax the conservativeness of the obtained stability results by introducing the information of membership functions, i.e. the relationship constraint information of membership functions between the model and the controller and boundary information of membership functions, into the stability and positivity conditions. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Combining highlight removal and low‐light image enhancement technique for HDR‐like image generation
Authors: Saha Rappy , Pratim Banik Partha , Sen Gupta Shantanu , Kim Ki‐Doo
Published: March 2020

Low dynamic range (LDR) image may contain low‐light and highlight areas due to the limitations of the dynamic range of conventional image sensors. Low‐light and highlight phenomena limit colour richness and visibility of objects in an image. Therefore, it can cause a reduction in the quality of images and a loss in accuracy in the application of image recognition. To overcome this, high dynamic range (HDR)‐like images have been developed with rich colours such as those seen by the human eye. In this study, the authors propose a method to obtain an HDR‐like image from a single LDR image by removing the specular component from highlight pixels as well as strengthening the actual colour. Next, they select low‐light image enhancement via illumination map estimation as a low‐light enhancement technique by showing the comparison with gamma‐based expansion operator. They evaluate their HDR‐like output images with non‐reference and full‐reference metrics. They show the comparison of their proposed method with six other methods. Besides, visually, their proposed method delivers more pleasing output than the output of other competitive methods.
Vehicle platooning with constant spacing strategies and multiple vehicle look ahead information
Authors: Darbha Swaroop , Konduri Shyamprasad , Pagilla Prabhakar R.
Published: March 2020

This study considers the problem of vehicle platooning using multiple vehicle look ahead information while utilising a controller based on the constant spacing policy (CSP). First, string instability is shown with a CSP based controller that utilises position, velocity and acceleration information from ‘r ’ predecessor vehicles in the presence of parasitic lags in actuation. A novel approach using perturbation analysis is employed to show this result, where the spacing errors are states of a spatially discrete system. Then, an upper bound on the allowable parasitic lag is derived when the CSP controller utilises information from the immediate predecessor vehicle and the leading vehicle; for this controller and a given parasitic lag, a design procedure for selection of the controller gain is also given. Numerical simulations of these two results are provided and discussed.
Joint impact of fibre dispersion and frequency chirp on MCF‐based radio‐over‐fibre mobile fronthaul
Authors: Farghal Ahmed E.A.
Published: March 2020

Multicore fibre (MCF) has attracted considerable attention in mobile fronthaul networks as a promising solution to face the ever‐increasing mobile traffic demand and to support network capacity scaling in a cost‐effective manner. However, MCF‐based systems suffer from the inter‐core crosstalk (IC‐‐XT) noise, which could incur severe performance degradation. In this study, we investigate for the first time, to our knowledge, the performance of an analogue radio‐over‐fibre mobile fronthaul link employing MCF under the joint impact of fibre dispersion and frequency chirp. Herein, the authors consider the radio frequency (RF) power fading induced by fibre dispersion and frequency chirp. In addition, the frequency‐dependent IC‐XT power fluctuations induced by dispersion and frequency chirp have been discussed. Closed‐form equations for the carrier‐to‐noise ratio penalty due to power fading and IC‐XT are derived. Moreover, new expressions for the average and variance of the crosstalk transfer function are obtained. Also, the analysis accounts for inter‐core skew, laser relative intensity noise, shot noise and thermal noise. It has been shown that both the desired signal and IC‐XT signals show the same behaviour in the presence of fibre dispersion and frequency chirp. Moreover, results show that RF power fading is the key issue.
Seven‐level power conversion system for solar power generation system
Authors: Wu Jinn‐Chang , Jou Hurng‐Liahng , Huang Pei‐Hsuan
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a seven‐level power conversion system for a solar power generation system. This seven‐level power conversion system consists of a DC–DC power converter and a cascade DC–AC inverter. The cascade DC–AC inverter comprises a full‐bridge inverter and a T‐type inverter. The T‐type inverter generates a three‐level quasi‐square‐wave voltage and the full‐bridge inverter provides a three‐level high‐frequency pulse voltage. The amplitude of the three‐level quasi‐square‐wave voltage is double that of the three‐level high‐frequency pulse voltage, so seven levels of AC voltage are synthesized. Only the full‐bridge inverter with lower DC bus voltage uses high‐frequency switching so switching losses are effectively reduced. The novelty of the proposed cascade DC–AC inverter is that the output power of T‐type inverter is controlled by regulating the DC bus voltage, so no real power is supplied from the full‐bridge inverter and an independent power source is not required to provide power to the full‐bridge inverter. The negative terminal voltage for solar cell array keeps almost constant to reduce the leakage current of proposed seven‐level power conversion system. A hardware prototype with a digital signal processor controller is developed to verify the performance of seven‐level power conversion system for a solar power generation system.
NGC 3894: a young radio galaxy seen by Fermi-LAT
Authors: Principe G. , Migliori G. , Johnson T. J. , D’Ammando F. , Giroletti M. , Orienti M. , Stanghellini C. , Taylor G. B. , Torresi E. , Cheung C. C.
Published: March 2020

Context. According to radiative models, radio galaxies may produce γ-ray emission from the first stages of their evolution. However, very few such galaxies have been detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) so far.

Aims. NGC 3894 is a nearby (z = 0.0108) object that belongs to the class of compact symmetric objects (CSOs, i.e., the most compact and youngest radio galaxies), which is associated with a γ-ray counterpart in the Fourth Fermi-LAT source catalog. Here we present a study of the source in the γ-ray and radio bands aimed at investigating its high-energy emission and assess its young nature.

Methods. We analyzed 10.8 years of Fermi-LAT data between 100 MeV and 300 GeV and determined the spectral and variability characteristics of the source. Multi-epoch very long baseline array (VLBA) observations between 5 and 15 GHz over a period of 35years were used to study the radio morphology of NGC 3894 and its evolution.

Results. NGC 3894 is detected in γ-rays with a significance >9σ over the full period, and no significant variability has been observed in the γ-ray flux on a yearly time-scale. The spectrum is modeled with a flat power law (Γ = 2.0 ± 0.1) and a flux on the order of 2.2 × 10−9 ph cm−2 s−1. For the first time, the VLBA data allow us to constrain with high precision the apparent velocity of the jet and counter-jet side to be βapp, NW = 0.132 ± 0.004 and βapp, SE = 0.065 ± 0.003, respectively.

Conclusions. Fermi-LAT and VLBA results favor the youth scenario for the inner structure of this object, with an estimated dynamical age of 59 ± 5 years. The estimated range of viewing angle (10° < θ <  21°) does not exclude a possible jet-like origin of the γ-ray emission.
Research and implementation on high-speed transmission performance optimization technology of ten gigabit firewall UDP multicast
Authors: Yang Fan , Yang Xinlei , Wang Wei , Du Peng , Shi Jifeng , Li Feng , Hu Hong
Published: March 2020

Under the development trend of high throughput, large capacity and strong time effective data security transmission of the second generation data relay system in China, the high-performance processing requirements for the firewall of the backbone network security protection equipment are constantly improving. Focusing on the characteristics of the second generation data relay system, the key technologies of the transmission processing of the 10 Gigabit firewall based on the x86 architecture for different data flows are researched, the optimization design of the CPU allocation and scheduling mode, the function judgment mechanism of the network card characteristics and the kernel state write operation function of the 10 Gigabit firewall are completed. The test results show that the optimized 10 Gigabit firewall gives full play to its maximum transmission performance, and provides a better security transmission service guarantee for the integrated data relay users.