bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Medication Persistence Rate for and Adherence to Oral 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Preparations in Japanese Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Study Using a Nationwide Claims Database
Authors: Ota Takumi , Takebe Takahiro , Shimizu Yutaka , Orido Takashi , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Nakamura Shiro
Published: April 2024

Introduction: 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is the first-line drug for the treatment of mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). Three oral sustained-release formulations are often used. However, no unified view of their actual use in routine medical practice has been presented to date. Methods: Using a health insurance claims database, we extracted patients with an initial diagnosis of mild-to-moderate UC during the period from December 1, 2017, to March 31, 2022. For the three types of oral 5-ASA formulation, we calculated and compared descriptive statistics of medication persistence rates (MPR), proportions of days covered (PDC), and adherence proportion (PDC ≥80%) in the extracted population. Results: An oral 5-ASA formulation was used in combination with a topical preparation (cohort 1) in 899 patients, and oral 5-ASA was used alone (cohort 2) in 1,829 patients. In cohort 1, MPR at days 151–180 with concomitant use of topical formulation was significantly higher for the Multi Matrix System™ (MMX) formulation (65.2%) compared with that for pH-dependent formulation (51.7%, p < 0.025), while MPR tended to be higher for MMX than for the time-dependent formulation (56.4%, not significant). During days 151–180 after starting the oral formulation, MPR for MMX (66.7% and 65.8%) was higher than for pH-dependent (55.9% and 55.3%) and time-dependent (57.6% and 55.9%) formulations in cohorts 1 + 2 and 2, respectively. In cohort 1, there was a significant difference between MMX (68.3%) and pH-dependent (57.1%) formulations, but no significant difference was seen with time-dependent formulations (61.8%). In terms of the proportion of adherence until day 180, MMX was significantly better than the other formulations. Conclusion: The analyses of the three oral 5-ASA formulations suggested that both MPR and medication adherence were better for the MMX formulation than for time-dependent or pH-dependent formulations.
Common Characteristics of Sinonasal Inflammation Associated with IgG4-Related Disease and Other Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Sato Ryosuke , Kumai Takumi , Yuasa Ryota , Wakisaka Risa , Komatsuda Hiroki , Yamaki Hidekiyo , Ishida Yoshiya , Wada Tetsuji , Takahara Miki
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by elevated serum IgG4, tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive cells, and fibrosis. Although a number of IgG4-RD patients show sinonasal involvement, there is little known about sinonasal inflammation associated with IgG4-RD. This study aimed to describe the clinicopathological features of sinonasal inflammation associated with IgG4-RD and to compare with other inflammatory diseases, such as eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinicopathological features of patients with sinonasal lesions and high serum IgG4 was performed. Patient data were reviewed to determine whether they fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for other inflammatory diseases. Results: Six of 7 patients were diagnosed with IgG4-RD, while 1 patient was diagnosed with GPA. In the 6 patients with IgG4-RD, intranasal findings showed nasal polyps in 3 patients (50%) and nasal crusting in the 3 patients (50%). Computed tomography showed ethmoid sinus involvement in 5 patients (83%). Five of the 6 patients (83%) were diagnosed with IgG4-RD based on nasal biopsy, whereas 1 patient (17%) was diagnosed based on lacrimal gland biopsy. Four patients fulfilled the Japanese epidemiological survey of refractory ECRS (JESREC) criteria. However, none of the patients showed eosinophil infiltration. Although the patient with GPA showed high levels of serum IgG4 and tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive cells in the nasal biopsy, the patient showed common clinical features of GPA. Conclusion: Patients with sinonasal inflammation associated with IgG4-RD had similar clinical characteristics with ECRS and GPA. Histopathological findings of the nasal biopsy from clinically diagnosed GPA was consistent with that of IgG4-RD. Sinonasal inflammation associated with IgG4-RD should be diagnosed based not only on tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive cells but in conjunction with clinical findings such as local nasal characteristics, involvement of other organs, and serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels. IgG4-RD should be ruled out in patients with eosinophilia without histopathological eosinophil infiltration.
Coculture of Chondrocytes and Stem Cells: A Review of Head and Neck Cell Lines for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Lee Michael Fook-Ho , Steffens Daniel , Chung Johnson H.Y. , Posniak Steven , Cheng Kai , Clark Jonathan , Wallace Gordon , Mukherjee Payal
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Bioprinting, using “bio-inks” consisting of living cells, supporting structures, and biological motifs to create customized constructs, is an emerging technique that aims to overcome the challenges of cartilaginous reconstruction of head and neck structures. Several living cell lines and culturing methods have been explored as bio-inks with varying efficacy. Coculture of primary chondrocytes and stem cells (SCs) is one technique well established for degenerative joint disease treatment, with potential for use in expanding chondrocyte populations for bio-inks. This study aimed to evaluate the techniques for coculture of primary chondrocytes and SCs for head and neck cartilage regeneration. Methods: A literature review was performed through OVID/Web of Science/MEDLINE/BIOSIS Previews/Embase. Studies reporting on chondrocytes and SCs in conjunction with coculture or cartilage regeneration were included. Studies not reporting on findings from chondrocytes/SCs of the head and neck were excluded. Extracted data included cell sources, coculture ratios, and histological, biochemical, and clinical outcomes. Results: Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria. Auricular cartilage was the most common chondrocyte source (n = 10), then nasal septum (n = 5), articular (n = 1), and tracheal cartilage (n = 1). Bone marrow was the most common SC source (n = 9) then adipose tissue (n = 7). Techniques varied, with coculture ratios ranging from 1:1 to 1:10. All studies reported coculture to be superior to SC monoculture by all outcomes. Most studies reported superiority or equivalence of coculture to chondrocyte monoculture by all outcomes. When comparing clinical outcomes, coculture constructs were equivalent to chondrocyte monoculture in diameter and equivalent or inferior in wet weight and height. Conclusion: Coculture of primary chondrocytes and SCs is a promising technique for expanding chondrocyte populations, with at least equivalence to chondrocyte monoculture and superior to SC monoculture when seeded at the same chondrocyte densities. However, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the optimal cell sources and coculture ratios.
The Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status with Executive Function and Processing Speed in Cognitively Normal Mexican American Elders from the Health and Aging Brains Study: Health Disparities Cohort
Authors: Vintimilla Raul , Benton Abigail , Morakabian Roya , Hall James R. , Johnson Leigh A. , O'Bryant Sid E. ,   for the HABS-HD Study Team
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) has been linked with overall health, and this study will evaluate whether NSES is cross-sectionally associated with cognition in non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) and Mexican Americans (MAs) from the Health and Aging Brain: Health Disparities Study (HABS-HD). Methods: The HABS-HD is a longitudinal study conducted at the University of North Texas Health Science Center. The final sample analyzed (n = 1,312) were 50 years or older, with unimpaired cognition, and underwent an interview, neuropsychological examination, imaging, and blood draw. NSES was measured using the national area deprivation index (ADI) percentile ranking, which considered socioeconomic variables. Executive function and processing speed were assessed by the trail making tests (A and B) and the digit-symbol substitution test, respectively. Linear regression was used to assess the association of ADI and cognitive measures. Results: MAs were younger, more likely to be female, less educated, had higher ADI scores, performed worse on trails B (all p < 0.05), and had lower prevalence of APOE4 + when compared to NHWs (p < 0.0001). A higher percentage of MAs lived in the most deprived neighborhoods than NHWs. For NHWs, ADI did not predict trails B or DSS scores, after adjusting for demographic variables and APOE4. For MAs, ADI predicted trails A, trails B, and DSS after adjusting for demographic covariates and APOE4 status. Conclusion: Our study revealed that living in an area of higher deprivation was associated with lower cognitive function in MAs but not in NHWs, which is important to consider in future interventions to slow cognitive decline.
Immunoproteasomal Inhibition With ONX-0914 Attenuates Atherosclerosis and Reduces White Adipose Tissue Mass and Metabolic Syndrome in Mice
Authors: Schaftenaar Frank H. , van Dam Andrea D. , de Bruin Gerjan , Depuydt Marie A.C. , de Mol Jill , Amersfoort Jacob , Douna Hidde , Meijer Menno , Kröner Mara J. , van Santbrink Peter J. , Bernabé Kleijn Mireia N.A. , van Puijvelde Gijs H.M. , Florea Bogdan I. , Slütter Bram , Foks Amanda C. , Bot Ilze , Rensen Patrick C.N. , Kuiper Johan
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Atherosclerosis is the major underlying pathology of cardiovascular disease and is driven by dyslipidemia and inflammation. Inhibition of the immunoproteasome, a proteasome variant that is predominantly expressed by immune cells and plays an important role in antigen presentation, has been shown to have immunosuppressive effects.

METHODS:

We assessed the effect of ONX-0914, an inhibitor of the immunoproteasomal catalytic subunits LMP7 (proteasome subunit β5i/large multifunctional peptidase 7) and LMP2 (proteasome subunit β1i/large multifunctional peptidase 2), on atherosclerosis and metabolism in LDLr
–/–
and APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice.

RESULTS:

ONX-0914 treatment significantly reduced atherosclerosis, reduced dendritic cell and macrophage levels and their activation, as well as the levels of antigen-experienced T cells during early plaque formation, and Th1 cells in advanced atherosclerosis in young and aged mice in various immune compartments. Additionally, ONX-0914 treatment led to a strong reduction in white adipose tissue mass and adipocyte progenitors, which coincided with neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in white adipose tissue. ONX-0914 reduced intestinal triglyceride uptake and gastric emptying, likely contributing to the reduction in white adipose tissue mass, as ONX-0914 did not increase energy expenditure or reduce total food intake. Concomitant with the reduction in white adipose tissue mass upon ONX-0914 treatment, we observed improvements in markers of metabolic syndrome, including lowered plasma triglyceride levels, insulin levels, and fasting blood glucose.

CONCLUSIONS:

We propose that immunoproteasomal inhibition reduces 3 major causes underlying cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation and is a new target in drug development for atherosclerosis treatment.
The Tricuspid Valve: A Review of Pathology, Imaging, and Current Treatment Options: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Davidson Laura J. , Tang Gilbert H.L. , Ho Edwin C. , Fudim Marat , Frisoli Tiberio , Camaj Anton , Bowers Margaret T. , Masri Sofia Carolina , Atluri Pavan , Chikwe Joanna , Mason Peter J. , Kovacic Jason C. , Dangas George D. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Interventional Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: April 2024

Tricuspid valve disease is an often underrecognized clinical problem that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, patients will often present late in their disease course with severe right-sided heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and life-limiting symptoms that have few durable treatment options. Traditionally, the only treatment for tricuspid valve disease has been medical therapy or surgery; however, there have been increasing interest and success with the use of transcatheter tricuspid valve therapies over the past several years to treat patients with previously limited therapeutic options. The tricuspid valve is complex anatomically, lying adjacent to important anatomic structures such as the right coronary artery and the atrioventricular node, and is the passageway for permanent pacemaker leads into the right ventricle. In addition, the mechanism of tricuspid pathology varies widely between patients, which can be due to primary, secondary, or a combination of causes, meaning that it is not possible for 1 type of device to be suitable for treatment of all cases of tricuspid valve disease. To best visualize the pathology, several modalities of advanced cardiac imaging are often required, including transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, to best visualize the pathology. This detailed imaging provides important information for choosing the ideal transcatheter treatment options for patients with tricuspid valve disease, taking into account the need for the lifetime management of the patient. This review highlights the important background, anatomic considerations, therapeutic options, and future directions with regard to treatment of tricuspid valve disease.
Sex-Related Disparities in Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Older Adults With Late-Onset Hypertension
Authors: Bugeja Ann , Girard Celine , Sood Manish M. , Kendall Claire E. , Sweet Ally , Singla Ria , Motazedian Pouya , Vinson Amanda J. , Ruzicka Marcel , Hundemer Gregory L. , Knoll Greg , McIsaac Daniel I.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

It is unclear whether sex-based differences in cardiovascular outcomes exist in late-onset hypertension.

METHODS:

This is a population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada of 266 273 adults, aged ≥66 years with newly diagnosed hypertension. We determined the incidence of the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive heart failure), all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular death by sex using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for demographic factors and comorbidities.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the total cohort was 74 years, and 135 531 (51%) were female. Over a median follow-up of 6.6 (4.7–9.0) years, females experienced a lower crude incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) than males for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (287.3 versus 311.7), death (238.4 versus 251.4), and cardiovascular death (395.7 versus 439.6),
P
<0.001. The risk of primary composite cardiovascular outcome was lower among females (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.73–0.76];
P
<0.001) than in males. This was consistent after adjusting for the competing risk of all-cause death with a subdistributional hazard ratio, 0.88 ([95% CI, 0.86–0.91];
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Females had a lower risk of cardiovascular outcomes compared with males within a population characterized by advanced age and new hypertension. Our results highlight that the severity of outcomes is influenced by sex in relation to the age at which hypertension is diagnosed. Further studies are required to identify sex-specific variations in the diagnosis and management of late-onset hypertension due to its high incidence in this group.
Weakening Demographic Dividend in India
Authors: Ro Yoon Jae , Park Jiwon
Published: April 2024

This study examines the influence of demographic changes on India's economic growth from 1999 to 2019, emphasizing the impact of the rising working-age population on state domestic product per capita and sectoral value-added. While the overall influence of the working-age population ratio and core working-age proportions on per capita economic growth is limited, a higher proportion of high-skilled workers and urban residents positively affects per capita output. Furthermore, our analysis highlights sector-specific effects, with particular significance observed in the industry sector, where the influence of the working-age population is most pronounced.
How Does Trade Liberalization in Imports Affect China's Export Growth Pattern?
Authors: Liu Huizheng , Xiao Yin , Li Shilong
Published: April 2024

Optimizing export growth patterns and improving the quality of export trade have become prominent issues that need to be addressed urgently in the context of increasing global economic uncertainty. This study utilizes matched data from the CEPII database (1995–2020) and WTO tariff database, adopts a product-level perspective based on the triple margins of exports, and uses an individual-time two-way fixed-effects model to investigate the impact of import trade liberalization on China's export growth pattern. The research findings are as follows: (1) Increasing levels of import trade liberalization are beneficial for enhancing the extensive margin, intensive margin, and quantity margin of products, while exerting a restraining effect on the price margin. This strengthens the price advantage of Chinese products, indicating that import trade liberalization helps optimize China's export growth pattern. (2) Compared with the intensive margin, import trade liberalization has a more significant promoting effect on the extensive margin. (3) The conclusions drawn from heterogeneity analysis suggest that trade liberalization has a more pronounced effect on the extensive margin, intensive margin, and quantity margin of products in medium-high technology industries, differentiated products, and intermediate goods. This study holds important theoretical and practical significance for evaluating the economic benefits of expanding imports, optimizing China's export growth pattern, and improving the quality of export trade.
Positive Competitive Networks for Sparse Reconstruction
Authors: Centorrino Veronica , Gokhale Anand , Davydov Alexander , Russo Giovanni , Bullo Francesco
Published: April 2024

We propose and analyze a continuous-time firing-rate neural network, the positive firing-rate competitive network (PFCN), to tackle sparse reconstruction problems with non-negativity constraints. These problems, which involve approximating a given input stimulus from a dictionary using a set of sparse (active) neurons, play a key role in a wide range of domains, including, for example, neuroscience, signal processing, and machine learning. First, by leveraging the theory of proximal operators, we relate the equilibria of a family of continuous-time firing-rate neural networks to the optimal solutions of sparse reconstruction problems. Then we prove that the PFCN is a positive system and give rigorous conditions for the convergence to the equilibrium. Specifically, we show that the convergence depends only on a property of the dictionary and is linear-exponential in the sense that initially, the convergence rate is at worst linear and then, after a transient, becomes exponential. We also prove a number of technical results to assess the contractivity properties of the neural dynamics of interest. Our analysis leverages contraction theory to characterize the behavior of a family of firing-rate competitive networks for sparse reconstruction with and without non-negativity constraints. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our approach via a numerical example.
“Gilanis on the Move”: Mapping an Inter-Asian Society of Shiʿi Muslim Naturalists
Authors: Bandy Hunter Casparian
Published: April 2024

A mobile professional and familial network of Shiʿi Muslim naturalists emerged from Kārkiyā’ī Gilan and served royal courts across much of the Persianate world during the 16th and into the 17th centuries. While its members have been known in different historiographic contexts, they have not been studied together as a unique inter-Asian society that endured according to intrinsic logics cultivated at its point of origin and numerous trans-regional homes. Mapping this network, I argue that they promoted their own kind by whetting the appetites of Persianate courts hungry for specialists to strengthen sovereignty through the universalizing power of ḥikmat, comprised of interrelated theoretical and practical sciences that the Gilanis mastered. Their endurance not only calls into question scales of analysis that amalgamate migrant networks as “Iranians,” “Persianate elites,” or “foreigners,” which overlook such ties, but it demonstrates how shared origins superseded sectarian identity in the maintenance of such networks across time and space.
Synchronic Contingency
Authors: Rouwendal Pieter L.
Published: April 2024

Since the concept of synchronic contingency has received attention in historical theology in recent decades, I want to argue in this article that the concept has value for systematic theology as well. I explore the broader consistency of the concept with Reformed theology by relating it to a number of Reformed doctrines, and I check its consistency with Reformed theology by discussing the relevant criticisms and questions raised by Paul Helm.
Baptist Boys and Girls
Authors: Maxwell Melody
Published: April 2024

This paper will analyze the publications for children of Woman’s Missionary Union (WMU), auxiliary to the Southern Baptist Convention, from 1953 to 1957. These include Tell, a monthly magazine for girls, and Ambassador Life, a monthly magazine for boys. The paper will argue that these magazines urged girls to develop social graces while challenging boys to physical activity. In addition, both Ambassador Life and Tell generally encouraged their readers to adopt what editors saw as gender-specific roles, positing distinctive tasks for boys (and men) and for girls (and women). Overall, these emphases reflected conservative Southern Baptist understandings of gender and helped shape the views of a generation (or more) of Southern Baptists.
Robustness of business models for insect production for feed and food in Europe
Authors: Niyonsaba H.H. , Höhler J. , Rumpold B.A. , Van der Fels-Klerx H.J. , Meuwissen M.P.M.
Published: April 2024

Insects and their derivatives are increasingly recognised as a (more) sustainable and circular protein source for feed and food. The European insect industry is growing, but upscaling remains a challenge due to multiple uncertainties. This study analysed the robustness of three different business models for insect production for feed and food in six future scenarios. Business models and scenarios were identified through literature review and refined through expert elicitation (n = 5). The three business models comprised: (1) full-liner black soldier fly production for pet food, (2) decentralised black soldier fly production for aquafeed, and (3) mealworm processing cooperative for food. The six scenarios addressed uncertainties around the use of side streams, insect welfare, energy, and sustainability. We used the Business Model Stress Test in four focus groups with experts (n = 23) from six European countries. Heat maps for three distinct business models were presented, detailing the impacts of scenarios on business model components. Experts regarded full-liner black soldier fly production for pet food and mealworm processing cooperative for food as more robust than decentralised black soldier fly production for aquafeed. These differences were mainly related to the customer segments, value proposition, revenue structure, and cost structure. In full-liner black soldier fly production for pet food, stringent regulations were expected to have no negative impact on business model components, in contrast to liberal regulations with anticipated adverse effects. Examination of regulatory uncertainty indicated strict legislation’s advantageous expected impact on consumer trust in the pet food and food market. High energy prices were anticipated as a major challenge across all business models, while improved sustainability compliance was viewed positively. The classification in relatively more or less robust business models serves as a guide for business and policy in further developing the insect sector for feed and food in Europe.
Self-translation, Rewriting, and Translingual Address: Li Kotomi’s Solo Dance
Authors: Ma Yahia , Kimura Tets
Published: April 2024

Drawing on Susan Bassnett’s critique of ‘self-translation,’ whereby the phenomenon is understood according to a binary source-target logic and the related notion of originality, this article examines three versions of a Li Kotomi novel: the Japanese original Hitorimai (独り舞, 2018), the Chinese self-translation Du Wu (獨舞, 2019), and Arthur Reiji Morris’s English translation Solo Dance (2022). Our focus is on how Li’s practice of self-translation and translanguaging muddles traditional boundaries between culture and language, and challenges binary notions of translation. Rather than viewing self-translation through source-target/original-translation binaries, we examine Hitorimai and Du Wu as a translingual, transcultural dialogue between Li (as author and translator) and her readers in a space of “translingual address” (Robinson). Furthermore, we discuss queer cross-cultural representations in Morris’s English translation and argue that, together, the Japanese text and the Chinese self-translation constitute the queer original of the novel.
Trilingual Literary Self-Translation: An Interview with Two Montreal Writers, Hugh Hazelton and Alejandro Saravia
Authors: Van Bolderen Trish , Hazelton Hugh , Saravia Alejandro
Published: April 2024

In addition to being multilingual writers who have made their home in Montreal, Hugh Hazelton and Alejandro Saravia have both chosen to translate a certain number of their own writings and—unlike most self-translators—to incorporate three languages (English, French and Spanish) into their practice. This interview explores a number of questions related to Hazelton’s and Saravia’s experiences with trilingual self-translation. In responding to these questions, the writers also reflect on key people, books and circumstances that influenced their linguistic and cultural attachments; ways that language, place and identity intersect; perceived distinctions and similarities between authoring, self-translation and allograph translation; and obstacles facing the contemporary publishing industry, within Canada and beyond.
1. Introduction
Authors: Hoppu Petri
Published: April 2024

The chapter introduces the position of the minuet in European cultural history. It addresses the discourses surrounding it as well as its specific symbolic character that makes it appear in different contexts: from dance and music to pedagogy, world politics, and medical research. A particular attention is paid to the minuet as a part of Nordic dance cultures. The chapter also presents the content of the book.
5. The Minuet in Sweden – and Eastern Part Finland – during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries and in Sweden after 1800
Authors: Biskop Gunnel
Published: April 2024

The chapter describes the position of the minuet in the Swedish kingdom starting from the late seventeenth century. Throughout the eighteenth century, the minuet was commonly danced by people from different social classes in the country from the nobility to the peasants. The chapter discusses the minuet’s roles in multiple contexts among various groups of people. The period after 1809 when Sweden lost the eastern part Finland is examined only for the remaining part of the kingdom. The latest pieces of information about the minuet in Sweden date back to the former part of the twentieth century.
6. The Minuet in Finland after 1800
Authors: Biskop Gunnel
Published: April 2024

The chapter examines the minuet as a popular dance form among Finland's Swedish-speaking population, especially in Ostrobothnia. The minuet was on the one hand a common dance in local villages and on the other hand a ceremonial dance at rural weddings. The chapter goes through the Swedish-speaking regions in detail and presents the current knowledge about the minuet’s position from the early 1800s until the present in each of them. Also, the Finnish-speaking regions are presented, but the minuet probably had a minor role in their dance culture, and the amount of information about the minuet is remarkably smaller there.
9. Historical Examples of the Forms of the Minuet
Authors: Svarstad Elizabeth , Hoppu Petri
Published: April 2024

The chapter discusses various forms of the minuet through European and Nordic sources. It presents the ordinary French court minuet and its practice as well as several other minuet forms. The examples of the Nordic sources containing a remarkable amount of information on the minuet are a Norwegian manuscript from around 1750, dance books by Swedish dancing master Sven Henrik Walcke, Swiss dancing master J.J. Martinet’s dance book from 1797, translated to Danish in 1801, Danish dancing masters Pierre Jean Laurent’s and Jørgen Gad Lund’s dance books from the early nineteenth century, as well as Norwegian dance teacher Janny Isachsen’s dance manual from 1886.
13. Minuet Music in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Opielka Andrea Susanne , Hoppu Petri , Svarstad Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

The chapter investigates different musical sources of the minuet in the Nordic countries from the early eighteenth until the twentieth century. The minuet’s popularity and its specific appearance in the North are illustrated in handwritten music books. They contain popular dance forms, and they reveal the rise, wide popularity and decline of the minuet during the long eighteenth century. Many of these books were used over a long time, changed hands several times, and continuously updated with new tunes and dances, and their authors had different backgrounds from professional musicians, for example town and military musicians, to priests and farmers.
Observation-Based Estimates of Water Mass Transformation and Formation in the Labrador Sea
Authors: Zou Sijia , Petit Tillys , Li Feili , Lozier M. Susan
Published: April 2024

The water mass produced during wintertime convection in the Labrador Sea [i.e., the Labrador Sea Water (LSW)] is characterized by distinct thermohaline properties. It has been shown to exert a critical impact on the property and circulation fields of the North Atlantic. However, a quantitative understanding of the transformation and formation processes that produce LSW is still incomplete. Here, we evaluate the mean water mass transformation (WMT) and formation rates in the Labrador Sea, along with their forcing attributions, in both density and thermohaline coordinates using observation-based datasets during 2014–19. We find that while surface buoyancy loss results in an expected densification of the basin and thus LSW formation, interior mixing has an indispensable and more complex impact. In particular, mixing across density surfaces is estimated to account for 63% of the mean formation rate in the LSW layer [4.9 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1)] and does so by converting both upper-layer and overflow layer waters into the LSW layer. In addition, mixing along density surfaces is shown to be responsible for the pronounced diathermohaline transformation (∼10 Sv) west of Greenland. This is the primary process through which the cold and fresh LSW in the basin interior is exchanged with the warm and salty Irminger Water in the boundary current. Results from this study underline the critical role of mixing (both across and along density surfaces) in determining the volume and properties of the LSW, with implications for better understanding and simulating deep-water evolution under climate change.
Seismic data reconstruction method using generative adversarial network based on moment reconstruction error constraint
Authors: Liu Bin , Dong Xuguang , Xu Leiliang , Qin BoCheng
Published: April 2024

The seismic data acquired are usually spatially undersampled due to the constraints of the field acquisition environment. However, the removal of multiple waves, offsets, and inversions requires high regularity and integrity of seismic data. Therefore, reasonable data reconstruction methods are usually applied to the missing data in the indoor processing stage to recover regular seismic data. The traditional reconstruction methods for seismic data reconstruction are generally based on some assumptions (e.g., assuming that the data satisfies linearity or sparsity, etc.) and have some limitations of use. To overcome the applicability problem of traditional seismic data reconstruction methods, this article proposes a generative adversarial network (GAN) seismic data reconstruction method based on moment reconstruction error constraints. The method can extract the deep features of the data nonlinearly without any assumptions. First, the error function in the GAN is improved, and the commonly used joint error function of adversarial loss plus L1/L2 amplitude reconstruction loss is improved to a new error function consisting of adversarial loss and moment reconstruction loss weighting. Then, an adversarial network data reconstruction generation method based on the moment reconstruction error constraint is given. Next, an experimental analysis of different types of data missing was carried out using theoretical model data, and the study method was analyzed by interpolation errors. Finally, actual seismic data is used to further validate the effect of the research method. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm performs superiorly in dealing with the data reconstruction problem. Compared with the error function of conventional GAN optimization, the reconstruction results of GAN based on the moment reconstruction error constraint have better amplitude preservation.
Carceral Care in Kentucky: The Case of a School Safety Plan
Authors: J. Selman Kaitlyn , Baggett Hannah Carson , Richardson LaKendrick
Published: April 2024

In this case study, we analyze commentary made in school board meetings by both board members and community members over a period of five years in Jefferson County Public Schools, Kentucky, as a school safety reform around school policing took shape. We review meeting minutes, public commentary, and policy documents to illustrate how carceral ideas shaped stakeholders’ views about safety, security, and what should happen in schools regarding police and students. We conclude with abolitionist perspectives about repair and investment in communities.
The Experiences, and Effects, of Racial Mistreatments in the Lives of Black Male Collegiate Football Players: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Walsh J. Andy , Petrie Trent A. , Jackson Randi
Published: April 2024

Black male college athletes historically have endured racial mistreatment, particularly at Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs). Yet research examining how these athletes, particularly football players in Power Five conferences, experience such mistreatments and the effects they have on their psychological health and well-being has been sparse. Thus, we interviewed 13 current Black male college football players to document their experiences. Through reflexive thematic analysis, we determined that the athletes (a) believed that football defined and limited them, (b) felt misunderstood and isolated on campus, (b) were dehumanized and criminalized, and (d) were physically and psychologically exhausted from chronic racial mistreatments. There remains a clear need for clinical, policy, and systemic changes to support the mental health needs of Black male college athletes.
Childbearing Across Immigrants and Their Descendants in Sweden: The Role of Generation and Gender
Authors: Höhn Andreas , Andersson Gunnar , Kulu Hill , Campbell Brad
Published: April 2024

Immigrants and their descendants increasingly shape fertility patterns in European societies. While childbearing among immigrants is well explored, less is known with respect to their descendants. Using Swedish register data, we studied differences in fertility outcomes between first- and second-generation individuals in Sweden and compared with the native Swedish population. We studied men and women separately, distinguished between high- and low-fertility backgrounds, and differentiated whether the descendants of immigrants were offspring from endogamous or exogamous relationships. For most migrants who arrived in Sweden as adults, we found elevated first birth rates shortly after arrival. First birth rates among the second generation were generally close to but lower than the rates observed among native Swedes. Male offspring from exogamous unions with a Swedish-born mother tended to have less depressed rates of first birth than other second-generation individuals. Second birth rates were very similar across population subgroups but generally lower among immigrants and their descendants compared to native Swedes. Third birth rates were often polarized into high- and low-fertility backgrounds, when compared to native Swedes. While fertility patterns among the second generation appeared to drift away from patterns of the first generation, the second generation remained a heterogeneous population subgroup. Nevertheless, and as childbearing patterns of the descendants with one immigrant parent increasingly resembled patterns of native Swedes, exogamous partnerships can likely be considered an important factor behind this gradual family-demographic assimilation process.
Do different sources of sexuality education contribute differently to sexual health and well-being outcomes? Examining sexuality education in Spain and Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues David L. , Carvalho A. Catarina , de Visser Richard O. , Lopes Diniz , Alvarez Maria-João
Published: April 2024

Sexuality education (SE) can be acquired through different sources. In a cross-sectional online study with Spanish and Portuguese participants ( N = 595), we examined differences between formal traditional sources (i.e., mandatory SE received in schools), formal modern sources (e.g., SE received in courses), informal traditional sources (e.g., talks with friends and family), and informal modern sources (e.g., pornography and online content) and their contribution to sexual health and well-being outcomes. Results showed that sexual and reproductive health were among the most addressed topics across all sources. Nearly all participants received SE from informal sources, whereas more than two-thirds received SE from formal traditional sources. Results of a linear regression model showed that participants who perceived more influence from formal traditional sources reported using condoms more often, were more focused on disease prevention, and enacted more sexual health communication, but were also less sex-positive. Participants who perceived more influence from both types of informal sources attributed more importance to SE topics but reported having condomless sex more frequently and were more focused on pleasure promotion. Still, participants who perceived more influence from informal traditional sources also endorsed more internal/external consent, were more sexually satisfied, were more sex-positive, and enacted more sexual health practices. Lastly, participants who perceived more influence from informal modern sources were also more likely to have been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection. Only a small proportion of participants received SE from formal modern sources and had to be excluded from this analysis. Some differences between Spain and Portugal are discussed. Taken together, our findings highlight the need to consider different sources for a more comprehensive and inclusive SE, in articulation with sociocultural and political contexts.
Pylephlebitis combined with septic shock secondary to acute nonperforated appendicitis: a case report
Authors: Wu Shi-Xing , Su Hong-De , Xu Xin-Jian
Published: April 2024

Pylephlebitis, which is a type of septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein, is a rare and life-threatening complication that commonly occurs following appendicitis. However, nonspecific abdominal complaints and fever can impede the diagnosis of pylephlebitis. Timely use of appropriate antibiotics and anticoagulants is paramount for treating this condition. We present a case of pylephlebitis and septic shock caused by acute nonperforated appendicitis. A 32-year-old man presented with migratory right lower abdominal pain. Blood cultures showed the presence of Escherichia coli. Blood test results showed increased bilirubin concentrations and coagulation factor abnormalities. A computed tomographic abdominal scan showed that the portal vein had a widened intrinsic diameter. After intensive care treatment with antibiotics, antishock therapy, anticoagulants, and other supportive treatments, the infection was monitored, the abdominal pain disappeared, and the jaundice subsided. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. Histopathology showed acute suppurative appendicitis, and no abnormalities were observed during the follow-up period after discharge. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory for the decision-making process in the presence of pylephlebitis caused by appendicitis to obtain a correct diagnosis and prompt treatment. Similarly, the timing of appendectomy is important for minimizing intra- and postoperative complications.
A fast multi-objective pelican optimizer for optimal coordination of DGs and DSTATCOM considering risk penetration level of wind
Authors: Mahdad Belkacem
Published: April 2024

In this study, a new variant, the fast pelican optimizer (FPO), is proposed to improve the performance of the radial distribution network (RDEN). The proposed variant is characterized by creating a dynamic interaction between two phases, exploration and exploitation, during the search process. The modifications introduced within the standard algorithm allow the proposed new variant, namely FPO, to be fast and adaptive to efficiently solve various complex optimization problems. In the first stage, the proposed FPO is newly adapted and applied to solve the optimal locations of various types of distributed generation based renewable sources and multi shunt compensators, namely the DSTATCOM devices based FACTS technology, and in the second stage, the proposed FPO is applied to optimize the active power of DG units in coordination with the reactive power of multi DSTATCOM. Three objective functions, such as the total power losses, the total voltage deviation, and the margin stability, are optimized individually and in coordination to enhance the performances of the practical radial distribution network (RDEN) 33-bus. A deep comparative study in terms of solution quality and convergence accuracy based statistical analysis is elaborated to demonstrate the competitive aspect of the proposed FPO.
A multicenter, open-label long-term safety study of rimegepant for the acute treatment of migraine
Authors: Croop Robert , Berman Gary , Kudrow David , Mullin Kathleen , Thiry Alexandra , Lovegren Meghan , L’Italien Gilbert , Lipton Richard B
Published: April 2024

Background

The present study evaluated the long-term safety and tolerability of rimegepant, an orally administered small molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, in people with migraine.

Methods

This multicenter, long-term, open-label safety study included adults (≥18 years) with ≥1 year history of migraine who were sequentially enrolled into three groups: participants in the first two groups had either 2–8 or 9–14 moderate to severe migraine attacks per month by history and treated as needed ( pro re nata [PRN]) with one rimegepant 75 mg oral tablet up to once per calendar day for 52 weeks (PRN 2–8 and PRN 9–14); a third group, included to collect safety data during higher-frequency dosing, had 4–14 moderate to severe migraine attacks per month by history and who took one rimegepant tablet every other day as scheduled dosing plus PRN dosing of one rimegepant tablet for migraine attacks of any severity on nonscheduled dosing days for 12 weeks (every other day (EOD) + PRN).

Results

Overall, 1800 participants self-administered rimegepant (PRN 2–8: n = 1033; PRN 9–14: n = 481; EOD + PRN: n = 286). The most common on-treatment adverse events (AEs) were upper respiratory tract infection (8.8%), nasopharyngitis (6.8%) and sinusitis (5.1%). Most AEs were mild or moderate and considered unrelated to rimegepant. Serious AEs considered possibly (n = 1) or unlikely (n = 9) related to rimegepant were reported in ten (0.6%) participants. No signal of drug-induced liver injury because of rimegepant was identified.

Conclusions

Rimegepant 75 mg up to once per day as EOD + PRN for 12 weeks or PRN for up to 52 weeks was safe and well tolerated. No signal of hepatotoxicity, potential drug abuse, or medication-overuse headache was identified. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03266588.
When Do Users Prefer Voice Control Systems in Vehicles? A Survey of Chinese Drivers
Authors: Huang Chunxi , Yan Song , Xie Weiyin , He Dengbo
Published: April 2024

Voice control systems (VCSs) are becoming increasingly common in modern vehicles, but concerns are still expressed by drivers about adopting them in smart cockpits. Previous research on privacy and recognition accuracy may not fully address users’ needs with regard to VCSs. In addition, studies on the safety impacts of different interaction modalities may not reveal drivers’ preference for interaction modalities, given that driver choice may not be solely based on interaction safety. Thus, to better understand and optimize VCSs design, an online survey was conducted in China to investigate drivers’ choices between VCSs and manual interaction. In total, we analyzed 168 drivers’ preferred interaction modality (i.e., either VCSs or manual interaction) in different scenarios defined by passenger presence (i.e., present versus absent), traffic complexity (i.e., low versus high traffic density), roadway type (i.e., urban road versus highway), and task characteristics (i.e., six in-vehicle interaction tasks). Compared with manual interactions, drivers preferred VCSs when driving alone, driving on highways, and driving in complex traffic. Further, drivers preferred VCSs when in-vehicle tasks were more distracting and time-demanding (e.g., compiling a text message). The preference for interaction modalities could also be affected by the characteristics of drivers: those with lower driving frequencies and higher VCSs familiarity and those who perceived higher VCSs usability tended to choose VCSs as an interaction modality for in-vehicle interaction tasks. These findings offer insights for adaptive interface design and future optimization of VCSs.