bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refraktive Ergebnisse nach der Implantation torischer Intraokularlinsen mithilfe des Zeiss Callisto-Systems
Authors: Raemy Kenji , Scherrer Mark , Stürmer Jörg Peter Egon
Published: April 2023

Hintergrund Für Kataraktpatienten mit Astigmatismus ist das Einsetzen von torischen Intraokularlinsen eine sichere und effektive Methode, um eine Emmetropie zu erzielen. Dabei ist
die exakte Ausrichtung der Linse entlang der berechneten Achse essenziell für eine effektive Astigmatismuskorrektur. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist die Auswertung der Daten mittels deskriptiver
Statistik. Der primäre Fokus liegt dabei auf den refraktiven Ergebnissen und somit der Überprüfung der Ausrichtungsgenauigkeit von torischen IOL mit dem Zeiss Callisto-System.

Patienten und Methoden Für die Studie wurden insgesamt 106 Augen von 72 Patienten ausgewertet, die zwischen Januar 2019 und Dezember 2020 eine Kataraktoperation mit Implantation
einer torischen Intraokularlinse im Kantonsspital Winterthur erhalten haben. Die präoperative Biometrie und intraoperative Markierung der Implantationsachse wurde mithilfe des Zeiss
Callisto-Systems durchgeführt. Die postoperativen Kontrollen erfolgten nach 1 Tag, nach 1 Woche und nach 4 Wochen im Kantonsspital Winterthur oder beim zuweisenden Augenarzt. Für die
Auswertung wurden nur die Daten der 4-wöchigen Kontrolle verwendet.

Ergebnisse In 64 Augen (60%) wurde eine Zeiss AT Torbi 709 M oder MP sowie in 42 Augen (40%) eine PhysIOL Ankoris toric yellow IOL implantiert. Bei 46 Augen wurde der postoperative
unkorrigierte Visus nicht erfasst. Von den übrigen 60 Augen betrug der durchschnittliche postoperative unkorrigierte Visus 0,07 ± 0,12 logMAR. Dabei konnte bei 48% der Augen ein
postoperativer unkorrigierter Visus ≥ 1,0 (dezimal) und bei 92% ein Visus ≥ 0,6 (dezimal) erzielt werden. Der postoperative Zylinder betrug im Durchschnitt − 0,65 ± 0,53 dpt. Der Zylinder
der Zielrefraktion war durchschnittlich − 0,45 ± 0,39 dpt. Der Mittelwert des Betrags des postoperativen Zylinders abzüglich des Zylinders der Zielrefraktion war 0,42 ± 0,32 dpt.

Schlussfolgerungen Das Zeiss Callisto-System ist eine effektive Methode mit sehr guten klinischen Ergebnissen, um torische Intraokularlinsen entlang der Implantationsachse
auszurichten.
Clinical Heterogeneity in Two Siblings Harbouring a Heterozygous PRPH2 Pathogenic Variant
Authors: Sanlialp Ayse , Escher Pascal , Schaller André , Todorova Margarita
Published: April 2023

Purpose The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and genetic correlation of a c.469 G>A p.(Asp157Asn) heterozygous pathogenic variant in PRPH2 in two siblings of Italian
origin.

Patients and Methods Both patients underwent ophthalmic examination, electrophysiological testing, autofluorescence imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Screening for
pathogenic variants of the obtained DNA from the family members was carried out.

Results The 52-year-old (♀, index patient) and 50-year-old (♂) siblings had BCVA (OD and OS) of 20/20 and 20/16 (♀) and 20/25 and 20/40 (♂), respectively, and suffered increased
sensitivity to glare. Yellow irregular macular deposits, numerous small irregular hypo- and hyperreflective spots at the posterior pole, a patchy loss of photoreceptors, and retinal pigment
epithelium (RPE) in the perifoveal region were seen. Electrophysiology showed dysfunction of rods and cones, with more affected cone dysfunction in the index patient, contrary to the
generalised rod dysfunction in the brother of the index patient. The clinical, electrophysiological, and multimodal imaging findings of both siblings pointed towards Stargardt retinopathy
with heterogenic presentation. The DNA analysis identified an autosomal dominant c.469 G>A p.(Asp157Asn) heterozygous pathogenic variant in PRPH2 associated with autosomal dominant
cone-rod dystrophy and rod-cone dystrophy. PRPH2 codes for peripherin-2, a membrane protein that consists of 346 amino acids.

Conclusions Our findings confirm a heterogeneity in clinical presentation associated with pathogenic variants in PRPH2. It may follow either an autosomal dominant or an autosomal
recessive mode of inheritance and show a very heterogeneous clinical manifestation of retinal degeneration, e.g., autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (♂ sibling; II-3) and autosomal
dominant cone-rod dystrophy (index ♀ sibling; II-2), autosomal dominant macular dystrophy, and also autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa.
Revisiting the Classification of Moderate and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on the Admission Glasgow Coma Scale Score
Authors: Swaminathan Ganesh , Abraham Ananth P. , Mani Thenmozhi , Joseph Mathew
Published: April 2023

Objective We study the clinical relevance of classifying traumatic brain injury (TBI) into moderate and mild categories based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission with respect to the treatment intensity and 6-month mortality and morbidity rates.

Methods Analysis of patients from a prospectively maintained database admitted at a level I trauma center from 2013 to 2019 with an admission GCS score between 9 and 15 and a minimum follow-up of 6 months post-TBI was done to study the treatment intensity and 6-month morbidity and mortality rates for each GCS score from 9 to 15.

Results In all, 2,060 patients met the study criteria, of which 1,684 were males (81.7%). Road traffic accident was the most common cause of TBI (83.7%). There was a significant linear increase in the proportion of patients who had good outcomes with increasing GCS scores from 9 to 15 (p ≤ 0.001). When the variables in each GCS score were compared with a GCS score of 15, there was an increase in the odds ratio of mortality and poor outcome with decreasing GCS scores (p ≤ 0.001). Patients with a lower admission GCS score required more intense treatment in the form of surgery and ventilation (p ≤ 0.00001). There was a higher incidence of pupillary asymmetry in patients with lower GCS scores (p ≤ 0.00001).

Conclusions The classification of TBI patients into moderate and mild based on the GCS score at admission is not of any practical value, and TBI patients may be more usefully classified based on the admission GCS score into severe and not severe groups.
Enhanced extreme ultraviolet free induction decay emission assisted by attosecond pulses
Authors: Tao Wenkai , Wang Li , Song Pan , Xiao Fan , Wang Jiacan , Zheng Zhigang , Zhao Jing , Wang Xiaowei , Zhao Zengxiu
Published: April 2023

We demonstrate that the extreme ultraviolet free induction decay emission can be significantly enhanced by employing isolated attosecond pulses. In this work, the near infrared pulses are applied to excite the neon atoms into Rydberg states coherently, and isolated attosecond pulses are used to manipulate the populations of the Rydberg states and the subsequent free induction decay process. The time resolved experimental measurement of the dependence of the resonance emission yield would help to understand the buildup dynamics of population of excited states. The enhancement assisted by attosecod pulses can serve as a mechanism to develop high-flux extreme ultraviolet light sources.
Representation Theory of Geigle-Lenzing Complete Intersections
Authors: Herschend Martin , Iyama Osamu , Minamoto Hiroyuki , Oppermann Steffen
Published: April 2023

Weighted projective lines, introduced by Geigle and Lenzing in 1987, are important objects in representation theory. They have tilting bundles, whose endomorphism algebras are the canonical algebras introduced by Ringel. The aim of this paper is to study their higher dimensional analogs. First, we introduce a certain class of commutative Gorenstein rings

R
R

graded by abelian groups

L

\mathbb {L}

of rank

1
1

, which we call Geigle-Lenzing complete intersections. We study the stable category

C
M

_

L

R

\underline {\mathsf {CM}}^{\mathbb {L}}R

of Cohen-Macaulay representations, which coincides with the singularity category

D

s
g

L

(
R
)

\mathsf {D}^{\mathbb {L}}_{\mathrm {sg}}(R)

. We show that

C
M

_

L

R

\underline {\mathsf {CM}}^{\mathbb {L}}R

is triangle equivalent to

D

b

(

m
o
d

A

C
M

)

\mathsf {D}^{\mathrm {b}}(\mathsf {mod} A^{\mathrm {CM}})

for a finite dimensional algebra

A

C
M

A^{\mathrm {CM}}

, which we call the CM-canonical algebra. As an application, we classify the

(
R
,

L

)

(R,\mathbb {L})

that are Cohen-Macaulay finite. We also give sufficient conditions for

(
R
,

L

)

(R,\mathbb {L})

to be

d
d

-Cohen-Macaulay finite in the sense of higher Auslander-Reiten theory. Secondly, we study a new class of non-commutative projective schemes in the sense of Artin-Zhang, i.e. the category
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="sans-serif c sans-serif o sans-serif h double-struck upper X equals sans-serif m sans-serif o sans-serif d Superscript double-struck upper L Baseline upper R slash sans-serif m sans-serif o sans-serif d Subscript 0 Superscript double-struck upper L Baseline upper R">

c
o
h

X

=

m
o
d

L

R

/

m
o
d

0

L

R

\mathsf {coh}\mathbb {X}=\mathsf {mod}^{\mathbb {L}}R/\mathsf {mod}^{\mathbb {L}}_0R

of coherent sheaves on the Geigle-Lenzing projective space

X

\mathbb {X}

. Geometrically this is the quotient stack

X

=
[
X

/

G
]

\mathbb {X}=[X/G]

for

X
=

S
p
e
c

R
∖
{

R
+

}

X={\mathrm {Spec}}\,R\setminus \{R_+\}

and

G
=

S
p
e
c

k
[

L

]

G={\mathrm {Spec}}\,k[\mathbb {L}]

. We show that

D

b

(

c
o
h

X

)

\mathsf {D}^{\mathrm {b}}(\mathsf {coh}\mathbb {X})

is triangle equivalent to

D

b

(

m
o
d

A

c
a

)

\mathsf {D}^{\mathrm {b}}(\mathsf {mod} A^{ca})

for a finite dimensional algebra

A

c
a

A^{\mathrm {ca}}

, which we call a

d
d

-canonical algebra. We study when

X

\mathbb {X}

is

d
d

-vector bundle finite, and when

X

\mathbb {X}

is derived equivale’nt to a

d
d

-representation infinite algebra in the sense of higher Auslander-Reiten theory. Our

d
d

-canonical algebras provide a rich source of

d
d

-Fano and

d
d

-anti-Fano algebras in non-commutative algebraic geometry. We also observe Orlov-type semiorthogonal decompositions of

D

s
g

L

(
R
)

\mathsf {D}_{\mathrm {sg}}^{\mathbb {L}}(R)

and

D

b

(

c
o
h

X

)

\mathsf {D}^{b}(\mathsf {coh}\mathbb {X})

.
Chronic kidney disease in children: an update
Authors: Cirillo Luigi , De Chiara Letizia , Innocenti Samantha , Errichiello Carmela , Romagnani Paola , Becherucci Francesca
Published: April 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major healthcare issue worldwide. However, the prevalence of pediatric CKD has never been systematically assessed and consistent information is lacking in this population. The current definition of CKD is based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the extent of albuminuria. Given the physiological age-related modification of GFR in the first years of life, the definition of CKD is challenging per se in the pediatric population, resulting in high risk of underdiagnosis in this population, treatment delays and untailored clinical management. The advent and spreading of massive-parallel sequencing technology has prompted a profound revision of the epidemiology and the causes of CKD in children, supporting the hypothesis that CKD is much more frequent than currently reported in children and adolescents. This acquired knowledge will eventually converge in the identification of the molecular pathways and cellular response to damage, with new specific therapeutic targets to control disease progression and clinical features of children with CKD. In this review, we will focus on recent innovations in the field of pediatric CKD and in particular those where advances in knowledge have become available in the last years, with the aim of providing a new perspective on CKD in children and adolescents.
Ride-Sharing and the Geography of Consumption Industries
Authors: Norris Jordan J , Xiong Heyu
Published: April 2023

Cities are centres of the consumption industries—establishments offering nightlife, food, recreation and retail. However, the city’s associated consumer value is inseparable from its geography because residents must travel to consume. By exploiting both the staggered entry across cities and the precise geographic boundary of Uber services for credible identification, we show that the introduction of ride-share technology into a city caused large and significant growth in the consumption industries. We provide evidence that the results are driven by an increase in consumer mobility, due to Uber causing a reduction in the economic cost of travel.
Invoking the Paris Agreement in Investor-State Arbitration
Authors: Sarvarian Arman
Published: April 2023

In recent years, there has been mounting interest in the possibility of the Paris Agreement 2015 featuring in investor-State arbitration.2 This applies particularly to investments connected to greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, insured emissions and other financial investments to be made under the internationally supervised emission-offsetting mechanism to be activated in accordance with the Glasgow Climate Pact 2021.3 While modernisation reforms to the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) are anticipated to include direct reference to the Paris Agreement, their effect has been thrown into doubt by recent withdrawals of EU Member States. Although the past two years have seen increasingly successful efforts to enforce the Paris Agreement before national courts, a disputing party has yet to invoke it in an investor-State arbitration. Whereas environmental exception clauses, direct references to the Paris Agreement and substantive obligations on environmental protection remain rare in international investment agreements, this situation is likely to change as ‘green investment’ expands and high-emission investors react to intensification of host State efforts to mitigate emissions. In analysing recent arbitral jurisprudence on the right of regulation, it is suggested that the most significant effect of the Paris Agreement on international investment law may be in defining the investment relationship of the disputing parties with respect to the liability of the host State for alleged breaches of the substantive protections for the investment under investment treaties, contracts and laws.
February 2023 Updates of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
Authors: Gaviria-Agudelo Claudia , Yonts Alexandra B , Kimberlin David W , O’Leary Sean T , Paulsen Grant C
Published: April 2023

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts who provides expert advice to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, normally meets three times per year to develop U.S. vaccine recommendations. The ACIP met on February 22–24, 2023, to discuss mpox vaccine, influenza vaccines, pneumococcus vaccines, meningococci vaccines, polio vaccines, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, chikungunya vaccines, dengue vaccines, and COVID-19 vaccines.
Novel Approach for Umbilical Hernia Repair Using Mesh Strips
Authors: Moradian Simon , Klosowiak Julian L. , Boctor Michael J. , Issa Tariq , Park Seong , Dumanian Gregory A.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Umbilical hernia repair is a common surgical procedure without a universally accepted means of repair. We introduce a novel surgical technique for open primary umbilical hernia repair, using strips of polypropylene mesh as sutures to achieve a repair.

Methods:

Two-centimeter-wide strips of macroporous polypropylene mesh were passed through the abdominal wall and tied as simple interrupted sutures to achieve umbilical hernia repair. A retrospective review of all elective umbilical hernia repairs performed by a single surgeon using the mesh strip technique between 2016 and 2021 was conducted, and patient-reported outcomes were assessed via a telephonic survey.

Results:

Thirty-three patients underwent an elective, open mesh strip repair of a primary umbilical hernia and met criteria for inclusion in the study. Of these patients, 60% responded to a patient-reported outcomes telephone survey. Ninety percent of survey responders reported a pain score of 0 of 10. Additionally, 90% reported being unable to feel or palpate the knot, and 80% reported an improvement in quality of life. Mean follow-up at 3 years revealed one recurrence in the setting of ascites, yielding a recurrence rate of 3%.

Conclusion:

Primary mesh strip repair of umbilical hernias combines the simplicity of suture repair with the advantageous force distribution properties of mesh, and constitutes a safe, efficient, and effective method of repair with a low recurrence rate at long-term follow-up that is comparable to planar mesh repair.
Exploring Coping Strategies of Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan: A Qualitative Study
Authors: CHIN Wei-Chih , CHANG Hsueh-Ling , CHAO Kuo-Yu
Published: April 2023

Background

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience impairments in their social interactions, language communication, and stereotypical patterns of behavior. Parents of children with ASD experience higher levels of stress and more depression and anxiety than parents of children with other disabilities or typically developing children. Parents of children with disabilities develop coping strategies to counteract the stresses associated with raising a child with special needs. Understanding coping strategies to help counteract the stresses associated with parenting a child with ASD may enhance well-being in parents of children with ASD, improve the quality of care provided to these children, and foster better parent–child relationships.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore the coping strategies used by parents in Taiwan parenting a child with ASD.

Methods

In this descriptive qualitative study, thematic analysis was conducted on data collected during face-to-face interviews. Fourteen parents of children with ASD were recruited using purposive sampling. Researchers employed a teamwork approach for data analysis to increase the dependability and consistency of the transcribed interviews. Team members discussed coding and identified the themes collaboratively.

Results

Taiwanese parents of children with ASD coped with the psychological impacts of parenting by employing problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies. Problem-focused strategies included communication, support, and management, whereas emotion-focused strategies included acceptance and adaptation. Findings showed that both coping strategies were useful in addressing specific situations and circumstances. Social and clinical support improved parents’ mental health and children’s external behaviors.

Conclusions/Implication for Practice

Healthcare providers should evaluate how parents are coping with the stresses related to raising a child with ASD and consider the cultural factors that might influence how they accept and adapt to parenting children with ASD. Understanding these variables may be used to tailor strategies appropriate to reducing stress and improving the well-being of parents and their children. Support and resource referrals should be considered, including parent support groups, books, web-based services, and recommendations for professional consultations with social workers or therapists.
Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Aged Older Than 65 Years
Authors: Firtina Tuncer Serap , Tuncer Hasan Aykut
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Considerable debate exists among guidelines regarding when cervical cancer screening can be safely stopped. The authors aimed to compare the efficiency of human papillomavirus (HPV) test, cytology, and previous screening history for the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ lesions in women aged older than 65 years.

Materials and Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study. Multiple logistic regressions were used to compare the efficiency of the HPV test, cytology, and previous screening history for the diagnosis of histologically proven CIN 2+ lesions.

Results

A total of 5,427 women were included in the study. A total of 2,143 women were tested with HPV and 52 (2.4%) of them were HPV-positive. Abnormal cytology was detected in 359 (6.6%) women. Most of the women (70.4%) had inadequate screening in the previous 10 years. According to regression analysis, an HPV-positive test increases the risk of probability of CIN 2+ 136.111 times [95% CI for odds ratio (OR) = 41.212–449.538] compared with an HPV-negative test (p < .001). Abnormal cytology increases the probability of CIN 2+ 13.072 times (95% CI for OR = 3.878–44.062) compared with normal cytology (p < .001). Inadequate or positive previous screening increases the likelihood of CIN 2+ 9.705 times (95% CI for OR = 1.603–58.756) compared with adequate and negative previous screening (p = .013).

Conclusions

Adequate previous screening is a valuable strategy, and abnormal cytology is an important screening test in women aged older than 65 years. However, the HPV test is the most determinant parameter for CIN 2+ risk in elderly women.
Point-of-Care Viral Load Testing to Manage HIV Viremia During the Rollout of Dolutegravir-Based ART in South Africa: A Randomized Feasibility Study (POwER)
Authors: Dorward Jienchi , Sookrajh Yukteshwar , Lessells Richard , Bulo Elliot , Naidoo Jessica , Naidoo Keshani , Bodley Nicola , Khanyile Mlungisi , Van Vuuren Claudia Jansen , Moodley Pravikrishnen , Samsunder Natasha , Lewis Lara , Drain Paul K. , Hayward Gail , Butler Christopher C. , Garrett Nigel
Published: April 2023

Background:

Data are required regarding the feasibility of conducting a randomized trial of point-of-care viral load (VL) testing to guide management of HIV viremia and to provide estimates of effect to guide potential future trial design.

Setting:

Two public South African clinics during the dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout.

Methods:

We randomized adults receiving first-line ART, with recent VL ≥1000 copies/mL, in a 1:1 ratio to receive point-of-care Xpert HIV-1 VL versus standard-of-care laboratory VL testing after 12 weeks. Feasibility outcomes included proportions of eligible patients enrolled and completing follow-up and VL process outcomes. Estimates of effect were assessed using the trial primary outcome of VL <50 copies/mL after 24 weeks.

Results:

From August 2020 to March 2022, we enrolled 80 eligible participants, an estimated 24% of those eligible. 47 of 80 (58.8%) were women, and the median age was 38.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 33–45). 44 of 80 (55.0%) were receiving dolutegravir, and 36 of 80 (465.0%) were receiving efavirenz. After 12 weeks, point-of-care participants received VL results after median 3.1 hours (IQR 2.6–3.8), versus 7 days (IQR 6–8, P < 0.001) in standard of care. Twelve-week follow-up VL was ≥1000 copies/mL in 13 of 39 (33.3%) point-of-care participants and in 16 of 41 (39.0%) standard-of-care participants; 11 of 13 (84.6%) and 12 of 16 (75.0%) switched to second-line ART. After 24 weeks, 76 of 80 (95.0%) completed follow-up. 27 of 39 (69.2% [95% CI: 53.4 to 81.4]) point-of-care participants achieved VL <50 copies/mL versus 29 of 40 (72.5% [57.0 to 83.9]) standard-of-care participants. Point-of-care participants had median 3 (IQR, 3–4) clinical visits versus 4 (IQR, 4–5) in standard-of-care participants (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

It was feasible to conduct a trial of point-of-care VL testing to manage viremia. Point-of-care VL lead to quicker results and fewer clinical visits, but estimates of 24-week VL suppression were similar between arms.

Trial Registration:

Pan African Clinical Trials Registry: PACTR202001785886049.
Is Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) toxin associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia?
Authors: McGuire Emma , Neill Claire , Collin Simon M. , Higgins Hannah , Guy Rebecca , Ganner Mark , Coelho Juliana , Pichon Bruno , Hope Russell , Brown Colin S.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) toxin is a potential determinant of virulence associated with

S. aureus

infection.

Gap Statement. The contribution of PVL to

S. aureus

pathogenicity remains unclear.

Aim. To compare clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with PVL-positive and PVL-negative community-acquired (CA)

S. aureus

bacteraemia.

Methods. Three national datasets were combined to provide clinical and mortality data for patients with CA

S. aureus

blood culture isolates sent to the UK reference laboratory for PVL testing, August 2018 to August 2021. Multivariable logistic regression models were built for the effect of PVL positivity on 30 day all-cause mortality and 90 day readmission.

Results. In 2191 cases of CA

S. aureus

bacteraemia, there was no association between PVL and mortality (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 0·90, 95 % confidence interval, CI: 0·50–1·35, P=0·602) and no difference in median LOS (14 versus 15 days, P=0.169). PVL-positive cases had lower odds of readmission (aOR 0·74, CI 0·55–0.98, P=0·038). There was no evidence that MRSA status modified this effect (P=0·207).

Conclusions. In patients with CA

S. aureus

bacteraemia PVL toxin detection was not associated with worse outcomes.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis of trans-diiodidobis[(methylsulfanyl)benzene-κS]platinum(II)
Authors: Schmidt Annika , Jourdain Isabelle , Knorr Michael , Strohmann Carsten
Published: April 2023

The title complex, [PtI2(C7H8I2)2], represents a further example of a square-planar PtII–dithioether complex. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. Additional Hirshfeld analyses indicate a C—H...π interaction along the [010] axis to be the most important packing factor.
Does a vocational education program prepare competent graduates for further academic programs?
Authors: Forhad Md. Abdur Rahman , Alam Gazi Mahabubul , Haque Afruza , Khan Md. Sawgat , Rashid Mamunur
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study examines whether students graduating from SSC-VOC perform better in diploma engineering programs.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses quantitative and qualitative methods to examine how secondary school certificate-vocational (SSC-VOC) graduates perform in their subsequent vocational programs.

Findings

Despite having vocational training orientation, this study finds that graduates from SSC-VOC receive lower grades than their public counterparts by 0.109 cumulative grade points average (CGPA).

Social implications

Findings imply that policymakers should increase teachers' numbers, salaries and laboratory facilities. In addition, collaboration between SSC-VOC institutions and polytechnics would allow them to offer a quality engineering education. In such a way, technical and vocational education and training (TVET) programs prepare human resources to promote economic development and employment, expand production opportunities and improve employment quality.

Originality/value

This is the first piece of work conducted in Bangladesh that has examined the quality of VET graduates for furthering their studies. This study added value by providing some pragmatic suggestions for practical implications.
Cryptocurrencies in accounting schools?
Authors: Marei Yahya , Almasarwah Adel , Al Bahloul Mohammad , Abu Afifa Malik
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the extent to which newly certified public accountants (CPAs) and accounting graduate students possess a comprehensive understanding of cryptocurrencies and the skills they have acquired throughout their education.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative analysis was used through semi-structured interviews to obtain an in-depth insight into cryptocurrencies, which could not be investigated easily through quantitative methods, and to provide an understanding of the context for cryptocurrencies from CPA and non-CPA students' points of view. This was in addition to focusing on understanding the differences between the students' thoughts.

Findings

This study found that recent accounting graduates and CPA members have the least awareness of cryptocurrencies, likely due to a lack of professors' comprehension or exposure to the concept. However, students involved in forensic courses provided more information about cryptocurrencies compared with other students.

Research limitations/implications

The data are limited to only a single country. Given that cryptocurrencies are a relatively new notion in accounting, there is an alarming lack of legislation. Further, the authors found that recent accounting graduates and CPAs had the same level of knowledge of cryptocurrencies, most probably due to a lack of exposure during their education and academics' limited understanding of the concept.

Practical implications

The students' differing answers about cryptocurrencies show differences in their current level of understanding of cryptocurrencies.

Originality/value

This study has identified that the vast majority of accounting graduates lack adequate knowledge about cryptocurrencies or access to adequate resources, despite understanding the fundamental concepts of cryptocurrency.
Time pressure, emotional exhaustion and project manager abusive supervision in the construction industry: the role of psychological resilience
Authors: Rafique Muhammad , Jaafar Mastura , Zafar Aliya , Ahmed Saira
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Little research has focused on abusive supervision in the context of project management, despite its prevalence and detrimental influence on the psychological health of subordinates. Therefore, drawing on affective event theory (AET), this study sought to investigate supervisor-level antecedents of abusive supervision by considering the mediating role of emotional exhaustion and moderating role of psychological resilience.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing a time-lagged design, data were collected through questionnaires from project managers and their immediate subordinates in construction projects. PROCESS macros were utilized to analyze a sample of 241 supervisor-subordinate dyads.

Findings

The findings revealed that time pressure and emotional exhaustion significantly predicted project manager abusive supervision. The authors also found that emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between time pressure and project manager abusive supervision. Furthermore, the results show that highly resilient project managers become less emotionally exhausted when facing time pressure. Lastly, psychological resilience moderated the indirect effect of time pressure on project manager abusive supervision through emotional exhaustion.

Originality/value

According to Fordjour et al., abusive supervision is a critical factor that deteriorates the psychological health of subordinates in the project. Nevertheless, this phenomenon remains uninvestigated. Therefore, this research contributes to the project management literature by investigating key predictors of abusive supervision, thus filling both a theoretical and practical gap.
Libraries on metaverse, do they exist?
Authors: Anna Nove E. Variant , Harisanty Dessy , Ismail Noraini
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the existence of Metaverse or 3D virtual libraries and how they use Metaverse to expand library services.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use literature to search projects and research papers that discuss the metaverse library. They also did observations on metaverse libraries.

Findings

There are some virtual realities or metaverse platforms that a library or virtual community can use to build their 3D virtual world. Some libraries already create a virtual world library or metaverse library. However, those initiatives are still in the prototype stage and are used for exhibitions and projects.

Originality/value

This paper overviews and builds a simple understanding of the metaverse library. The value of the paper is giving motivation when building the metaverse library. This initiative shows that big hi-tech companies do not dominate Metaverse.
Urbanization and the Future of Population Health
Authors: KADAKIA KUSHAL T. , GALEA SANDRO
Published: April 2023

Policy Points

Cities, which are where the majority of the world's population lives today, directly and indirectly shape human health and well‐being.

Urban health research, policy, and practice are increasingly using a systems science approach to address the upstream and downstream drivers of health in cities, which include social and environmental factors, features of the built environment, conditions of living, and health care resources.

To guide future scholarship and policy, we propose an urban health agenda for 2050 focused on revitalizing the sanitation movement, integrating data, scaling best practices, adopting the Health in All Policies approach, and addressing intraurban health inequities.
Policing and Population Health: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: LEE HEDWIG , LARIMORE SAVANNAH , ESPOSITO MICHAEL
Published: April 2023

Policy Points

A growing body of research suggests that policing, as a form of state‐sanctioned racial violence, operates as a social determinant of population health and racial or ethnic health disparities.

A lack of compulsory, comprehensive data on interactions with police has greatly limited our ability to calculate the true prevalence and nature of police violence.

While innovative unofficial data sources have been able to fill these data gaps, compulsory and comprehensive data reporting on interactions with police, as well as considerable investments in research on policing and health, are required to further our understanding of this public health issue.
Mental health emergency presentations across the Barwon South West region in Victoria, Australia: An epidemiological investigation
Authors: Kavanagh Bianca E , Holloway‐Kew Kara L , Baker Timothy , Mohebbi Mohammedreza , Pasco Julie A , Corney Kayla B , Kotowicz Mark A , Quirk Shae E , Williams Lana J
Published: April 2023

Objective

To examine mental health emergency presentations across the Barwon South West, Victoria, Australia – an area comprising a range of urban and rural localities.

Methods

This is a retrospective synthesis of mental health emergency presentations across the Barwon South West (1 February 2017–31 December 2019). De‐identified data were obtained from individuals who presented to EDs and urgent care centres (UCCs) within the study region, who had a principal diagnosis of a Mental and Behavioural Disorder (codes F00‐F99). Data were sourced from the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset and Rural Acute Hospital Database Register (RAHDaR). Age‐standardised incident rates for mental health emergency presentations were calculated for the whole sample and for local government areas. Data on usual accommodation, arrival transport mode, referral source, patient disposition and length of ED/UCC stay were also obtained.

Results

We identified 11 613 mental health emergency presentations, with neurotic, stress‐related and somatoform disorders (n = 3139, 27.0%) and mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use (n = 3487, 30.0%) being the most frequent types of presentations recorded. The highest age‐standardised incidence rates (mental health diagnosis per 1000 population/year) were in Glenelg (13.95), whereas Queenscliffe had the lowest incident rates (3.76). Most presentations (n = 3851, 33.2%) tended to occur for individuals aged between 15 and 29 years.

Conclusions

Neurotic, stress‐related and somatoform disorders and mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use were the most frequent types of presentations recorded across the sample. RAHDaR represented a small but meaningful contribution to the data.
Identification and validation of the model consisting of DDX49, EGFR, and T‐stage as a possible risk factor for lymph node metastasis in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhimin , Lian Xiaojuan , Yue Hongxu , Xiang Debing , Niu Zhongxi
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The lymph node metastasis stage of lung cancer is an important decisive factor in the need for postoperative adjuvant treatment and the difference between stage IIIa and stage IIIB that is the necessary information to distinguish whether surgery can be performed or not. The specificity of the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer with lymph node metastasis cannot meet the requirements of preoperative evaluation of surgical indications and prediction of surgical removal range in lung cancer.

Methods

This was an early experimental laboratory trial. The model identification data included the RNA sequence data of 10 patients from our clinical data and 188 patients with lung cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. The model development and validation data consisted of RNA sequence data for 537 cases from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset. We explore the predictive value of the model on two independent clinical data.

Results

A higher specificity of diagnostic model for patients with lung cancer with lymph node metastases consisted of DDX49, EGFR, and tumor stage (T‐stage), which were the independent predictive factors. The area under the curve value, specificity, and sensitivity for predicting lymph node metastases were 0.835, 70.4%, and 78.9% at RNA expression level in the training group, and 0.681, 73.2%, and 75.7% at RNA expression level in the validation group as shown as in result part. To verify the predictive performance of the combined model for lymph node metastases, we downloaded the GSE30219 data set (n = 291) and the GSE31210 data set (n = 246) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database as the training group and validation group, respectively. In addition, the model had a higher specificity for predicting lymph node metastases in independent tissue samples.

Conclusions

Determination of DDX49, EGFR, and T‐stage could form a novel prediction model to improve the diagnostic efficacy of lymph node metastasis in clinical application.
Is response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) effective in patient selection for radical resection after neoadjuvant immunotherapy with advanced NSCLC?
Authors: Xu Yuan , Ma Dongjie , Qin Yingzhi , Li Shanqing , Li Ji , Jiang Ying , Wang Mengzhao , Xu Yan , Zhao Jing , Chen Minjiang , Cheng Wuying , Hu Ke , Liu Hongsheng
Published: April 2023

Background

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has been used to treat locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several systems have been developed for response evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) and propose modified RECIST (mRECIST).

Methods

Eligible patients received chemotherapy combined with personalized neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Radical resection was subsequently performed for potentially resectable tumors evaluated by RECIST. The resected specimens were evaluated to determine the response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Results

A total of 59 patients received radical resection following neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy. According to RECIST, four patients had complete remission, 41 had partial remission, and 14 had progressive disease. Postoperative pathological examination showed 31 patients achieved complete pathological remission, and 13 achieved major pathological remission. The final pathological results were uncorrelated with RECIST assessment (p = 0.086). The ycN stage and pN stage were irrelevant (p < 0.001). When the cutoff of sum of diameters (SoD) is 17%, the Youden's index reached its highest value. A correlation was found between mRECIST and final pathological results. Patients with squamous cell lung cancer showed higher proportions in objective response (OR) (p < 0.001) and complete pathological remission (CPR) (p = 0.001). A shorter time to surgery (TTS) was correlated with a better OR (p = 0.014) and CPR (p = 0.010). The decrease in SoD was correlated with better OR (p = 0.008) and CPR (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

mRECIST was effective for patient selection for radical resection after neoadjuvant immunotherapy with advanced NSCLC. Two modifications were suggested for RECIST: (1) the cutoff value was adjusted to 17% for partial remission. (2) Changes in lymph nodes on computed tomography were eliminated. A shorter TTS, a larger decrease in SoD and squamous cell lung cancer (vs. adenocarcinoma) were correlated with better pathological responses.
Trade and employment in Vietnam: how firms' trade matters
Authors: Nguyen Dong Xuan
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to analyse how employment and wages change when a firm's trade status is altered. Using a detailed firm‐level dataset of Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises, the study finds that how firms trade matters for firm employment and wages in Vietnam. The average effect of one‐way trading (exporting or importing) is positive for both firms' total employment and female employment. Direct trading activities are associated with a higher level of employment than indirect trading activities by firms. The female employment effect of direct exports is nearly three times higher than direct imports. Indirect imports hurt firms' total employment and female employment. Both direct and indirect two‐way traders experience higher growth in firm employment than direct‐only traders. However, it is interesting to note that indirect two‐way trading activities have a positive impact on female employment. Furthermore, the commencement of direct import is also associated with greater labour cost advantage.
Applying the cultural adaption framework to the Early Youth Engagement (EYE‐2) approach to early intervention in psychosis
Authors: Rathod Shanaya , Phiri Peter , de Visser Richard , Moore Sophie , Au‐Yeung Karmen , Collier Olivia , Gu Jenny , Bartl Gergely , Greenwood Kathryn
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Disengagement from Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) services is pronounced in individuals from racially minoritized or diverse ethnic backgrounds, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning individuals, and individuals from some religious or spiritual backgrounds. The Early Youth Engagement in first episode psychosis study (EYE‐2) is a cluster randomized controlled trial that tests a new engagement intervention. The current study aimed to (i) explore perspectives of service users from diverse backgrounds in relation to spirituality, ethnicity, culture and sexuality on engagement and the EYE‐2 approach and (ii) use an evidence‐based adaptation framework to incorporate their needs and perspectives into the EYE‐2 resources and training.

Methods

This qualitative study used semi‐structured interviews to explore service users' experiences and perspectives on EYE‐2 approaches and resources.

The study was conducted within EIP teams across three inner‐city sites in England chosen to reflect diverse urban populations. Topic guides covered participant's identity, perceptions of EYE‐2 resources, and experience of using mental health services. Transcribed interviews underwent thematic analysis.

Results

In this study, 21 service users aged 18 to 35 (M = 25.4; SD = 5.5) participated in semi‐structured interviews. Seven key themes were identified across the four domains of the cultural adaptation framework: Differing cognitions and beliefs; multiple facets of culture; language as a barrier to engagement; stigma and discrimination; adaptations to EYE‐2 resources; trust in therapeutic alliance; and individual differences in therapeutic preferences.

Conclusions

The emergent themes highlighted a need to cater to various aspects of cultural diversity when developing EIP materials and services.
Lenalidomide maintenance following high‐dose therapy and autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in chemo‐resistant or high‐risk non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: A phase I/II study
Authors: Vose Julie M. , Ganguly Siddhartha , Bierman Philip J. , Bociek R. Gregory , Lunning Matthew , Lyden Liz , Meza Jane L. , Caimi Paolo F. , Armitage James O.
Published: April 2023

Improved maintenance treatments are needed for patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive lymphomas after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Several studies with lenalidomide have been found to have activity in the treatment of relapsed/refractory aggressive lymphomas. In the present phase I/II, single‐arm, open‐label study, 59 patients with high‐risk relapsed non‐Hodgkin lymphoma received pretransplant BEAM chemotherapy and ASCT followed by 12 months of maintenance lenalidomide once daily on Days 1–21 (28‐day cycles) beginning at post‐transplantation Day 100. The most common histologies were mantle cell lymphoma (56%) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (24%). The maximum tolerated dose in the dose‐finding part of the study was 15 mg, but cytopenias led to the subsequent adoption of a 10 mg dose in the final study. Sixteen patients (27%) completed 12 cycles of lenalidomide maintenance. The most common reason for discontinuation was adverse events (31%). These were primarily haematologic, and 56% of patients experienced Grade 3–4 events. Two‐year PFS rates (95% CIs) were 70% (56%–80%), 45% (19%–68%) and 81% (66%–90%); 2‐year OS rates (95% CIs) were 91% (80%–96%), 93% (61%–99%) and 90% (76%–96%) in all patients, patients completing and patients not completing 12‐month maintenance respectively. These results do not support the use of lenalidomide maintenance in this setting.
Dynamin‐2 controls actin remodeling for efficient complement receptor 3‐mediated phagocytosis
Authors: Mularski Anna , Wimmer Ryszard , Arbaretaz Floriane , Goff Gabriel Le , Depierre Manon , Niedergang Florence
Published: April 2023

Background information

Phagocytosis is the mechanism of the internalization of large particles, microorganisms and cellular debris. The complement pathway represents one of the first mechanisms of defense against infection and the complement receptor 3 (CR3), which is highly expressed on macrophages, is a major receptor for many pathogens and debris. Key to dissecting the mechanisms by which CR3‐mediated phagocytosis occurs, is understanding how the complex actin binding protein machinery and associated regulators interact with actin during phagocytosis, from triggering of receptor, through to phagosome formation and closure.

Results

Here, we reveal that Dynamin‐2 is recruited concomitantly with polymerized actin at the phagocytic cup and during phagosome formation and closure. Inhibition of Dynamin activity leads to stalled phagocytic cups and a decrease in the amount of F‐actin at the site of phagocytosis.

Conclusions

Dynamin‐2 regulates the assembly of the F‐actin phagocytic cup for successful CR3‐mediated phagocytosis.

Significance

These results highlight an important role for Dynamin‐2 in actin remodeling downstream of integrins.