bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Quality of Mathematics Learning through Strengthening Pedagogical Competencies, Effectiveness of Project Based Learning Creativity and Achievement Motivation
Authors: Hermawan Andi
Published: February 2025

The intensity of systemic linkages and synergy among teachers, students, curriculum, learning materials, media, facilities, and learning systems in producing optimal learning processes and outcomes in accordance with curricular demands defines the quality of learning. The quality of learning is a crucial element related to achieving educational goals. Various educational development reports indicate that the quality of mathematics learning at private vocational schools in Bogor Regency does not meet expectations, both in terms of educational goals and competency demands. Therefore, research is necessary to gather information on variables related to improving the quality of learning. The aim of this research is to implement strategies and methods to enhance the quality of learning by investigating the influence of variables such as pedagogical competence, effectiveness of project-based learning (PjBL), creativity, achievement motivation, and learning quality. This research employs the path analysis method to determine the influence among the studied variables and the SITOREM method for indicator analysis to develop strategies and methods for improving the quality of learning.
Locating Sites of Paradoxes: A Study of the (IM)Possibility of Community in Gish Jen’s World and Town
Authors: Liu Yu-yen
Published: February 2025

Gish Jen is widely recognized as a preeminent fiction and nonfiction writer in contemporary America. A second-generation Chinese American, Jen has distinguished herself in the literary world with her compelling works, most of which have been at once intelligible and thought-provoking. Her fourth novel, World and Town, offers a provocative and purposeful look at issues concerning a cosmopolitan world. The novel, however, has not received the academic attention it deserves. The novel’s supposedly “immense scale,” as hinted in the title along with its suggestive theme, eludes the reader's interpretative grasp, which contributes to its general lack of critical and profound exploration. This essay intends to do justice to Gish Jen’s World and Town through an investigation of “community”—an important approach that has not been systematically and adequately examined in the field of literary studies.
Pérégrinations didactiques dans le paratexte
Authors: Porfiri Debora
Published: February 2025

Jusqu’où s’étend le territoire à explorer lorsque l’on étudie un texte avec des apprenant.es d’une langue étrangère ? Est-il souhaitable de se concentrer exclusivement sur le texte produit par l’auteur.e ou, plutôt, de s’aventurer au-delà de ces limites, dans cet espace que Genette définit « un des lieux privilégiés de la dimension pragmatique de l’œuvre, c’est-à-dire son action sur le lecteur»? Cette contribution vise à présenter des activités autour de textes variés (pièce de théâtre, film, roman) basées sur des éléments paratextuels : couvertures, affiches et traductions de titres. La ‘dimension pragmatique de l’œuvre’ est au cœur de ces propositions et représente une autre manière de traiter l’action sociale par les textes, c’est-à-dire de penser le texte dans une perspective actionnelle et plurilingue.
Корпоративная культура школы: создание благоприятного климата для качественного образования
Authors: Акасевич О.А. , Панченко Н.В.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования корпоративной культуры школы как важного компонента школьного климата, влияющего на качество образования. В качестве основных составляющих корпоративной культуры образовательного учреждения авторы выделяют ценности, коммуникации, традиции, лидерство и управление, обучение и развитие, признание и поощрение, физическую среду. Описываются методы и инструменты развития корпоративной культуры: наставничество, создание команды лидеров, участие учащихся в управлении школой. Представлен практический опыт формирования корпоративной культуры в МБОУ СОШ № 1 им. А.И. Герцена (г. Тимашевск) на основе использования трёх моделей, направленных на педагогов, учеников и родителей, с выделением публичного, личностного и формального компонентов.

The article examines the problem of forming a school's corporate culture as an important component of the school climate that affects the quality of education. The authors identify values, communications, traditions, leadership and management, training and development, recognition and encouragement, and the physical environment as the main components of the corporate culture of an educational institution. The methods and tools for developing corporate culture are described: mentoring, creating a leadership team, and student participation in school management. The practical experience of forming a corporate culture in Secondary School No. 1 named after A.I. Herzen (Timashevsk) based on the use of three models aimed at teachers, students and parents, with the allocation of public, personal and formal components is presented.
Особенности обучения иностранных студентов лексике с культурной семантикой
Authors: Чернова Т.М. , Фролова А.М.
Published: February 2025

В статье проанализированы лексические минимумы обучения русскому языку как иностранному с целью отбора лексики, содержащей культурную семантику. Выбранная лексика классифицируется на тематические группы: «Человек и общество», «Человек как живое существо», «Абстрактные понятия», «Природа», «Характеристика объектов» и «Человек как разумное существо», каждая из которых описана с точки зрения лексики, входящей в её состав. В данных группах были определены слова, обладающие культурной семантикой. Более подробно охарактеризована группа «Человек как живое существо», в которой вся лексика была разделена на подгруппы с целью выявления скрытых культурных смыслов, дано описание каждой лексической единицы с точки зрения прямого и культурного значений и использования в публицистических и художественных текстах.

The article analyzes the lexical minimums of teaching Russian as a foreign language in order to select vocabulary containing cultural semantics. The selected vocabulary is classified into thematic groups: «Man and Society», «Man as a Living Being», «Abstract Concepts», «Nature», «Characteristics of Objects» and «Man as a Reasonable Being», each of which is described in terms of the vocabulary included in it. In these groups, words with cultural semantics were identified. The group «Man as a Living Being» is characterized in more detail, in which all the vocabulary was divided into subgroups in order to identify hidden cultural meanings, a description of each lexical unit is given in terms of direct and cultural meanings and use in journalistic and artistic texts.
FORECASTING THAI DURIAN EXPORTS USING A HYBRID TIME SERIES SARIMA-SVR APPROACH
Authors: Sutthison Thanakon
Published: February 2025

Thailand is a prominent frontrunner in Southeast Asia in terms of its production and exportation of durian. Each year, the production of durian is a significant source of income for farmers. The consumption of durian has continued to increase throughout the years, both within the country and internationally. Consequently, cultivators have increased their durian cultivation to meet the expanding customer demand. However, there is a chance of excessive production, which has the ability to disrupt future market trends. Precise forecasts of durian export volumes are crucial for planning production strategies. This work aims to develop a novel SARIMA-SVR model for forecasting future export quantities of Thai durian, thereby fulfilling this need. The approach involves using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique to reduce data fluctuations. The work conducts an analysis using the SARIMA model and calculates Gaussian white noise, which we then use as an input variable for SVR modeling. The study creates and evaluates four hybrid models, specifically SARIMASVR1, SARIMASVR2, SARIMASVR3, and SARIMASVR4. The study’s findings suggest that SARIMASVR4 demonstrates superior accuracy compared to other models. Furthermore, they show the effectiveness of improving forecast accuracy by utilizing data filtering techniques such as EMD and incorporating Gaussian white noise.
THE ANALYSIS OF DIELECTRIC AND THERMAL ON GLASS-CERAMIC OXIDE 30B2O3: 22.5V2O5: 22.5MoO3: 15TeO2: 10Li2O
Authors: SANGWARANATEE NARONG , Yamchumporn Peerapong , Boonin Kitipun , Triamnak Narit , Sareein Thanapong , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: February 2025

In this study, the dielectric and thermal properties of ceramic materials are examined to provide the thermoelectric performance of 30B2O3: 22.5V2O5: 22.5MoO3: 15TeO2: 10Li2O samples that were synthesized utilizing the melt-quenching process. Archimedes’ Principle was used to determine the physical properties of the sample, showing a density of 3.07 g/cm3, and the molar volume of the sample was measured at 39.35 cm3/mol. Bragg’s law uses an X-ray diffractometer to analyze the glass-ceramic structures. The FTIR spectroscopy spectra identified characteristic vibrations of VO5, TeO4, BO4, and BO3 units. The real part of the permittivity and the loss tangents were investigated and shown on 1.65×102 and 0.083 at the frequency range of 1 MHz at room temperature measurement. Thermal analysis such as thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry was investigated in the 25-800°C of the temperature range. Materials studied in this work can be thermoelectric materials utilizing their dielectric and thermal characteristics.
INVESTIGATING DOUBLE GATE LITHIUM NIOBATE-BASED METAL FERROELECTRIC METAL INSULATOR SEMICONDUCTOR (MFMIS) NCFETS THROUGH ANALYTICAL MODELING AND SIMULATION
Authors: Saritha N.R. , Pravin Joshua Charles , Sandeep Viswanathan
Published: February 2025

As the miniaturization of silicon circuits continues, the primary challenge has shifted towards reducing energy consumption. The Boltzmann limit, a fundamental barrier in traditional semiconductor devices, has prompted the exploration of novel solutions. One promising candidate is the Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistor (NCFET). NCFETs introduce a second insulating ferroelectric material to create a negative capacitance (CFE) effect, which counteracts the positive capacitances inherent in Field Effect Transistors (FETs). This interaction allows for lower operating voltages and enhanced energy efficiency. Silicon, a ubiquitous material in semiconductor devices, remains a focal point of this research due to its widespread use and well-understood properties. Extensive analytical studies have been conducted on silicon-based devices, examining their performance at ever-decreasing nanoscale gate levels. This work presents a significant advancement with the introduction of high-performance LiNbO3-based NCFETs. Compared to traditional single-gate designs, the proposed LiNbO3-based NCFET demonstrates superior performance metrics. Notably, it exhibits hysteresis-free characteristics, leading to a more stable and efficient operational region. The absence of hysteresis not only simplifies the device’s operation but also enhances its reliability and scalability for future applications. In conclusion, the implementation of LiNbO3-based NCFETs represents a promising step towards overcoming the limitations imposed by the Boltzmann limit, offering a pathway to more energy-efficient silicon circuits as they continue to shrink in size.
Implementation of the Subscription Parking Policy on Ahmad Yani Street by the Medan City Transportation Department
Authors: Rambe Fika Nadya , Siregar Nina Siti Salmaniah , Sinaga Rudi Salam
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture (Permendikbud) No. 1 of 2021 concerning Online New Student Admissions (PPDB) at the secondary education level at SMAN 1 Sunggal. The Permendikbud is expected to increase efficiency, transparency, and equal access in accepting new students. However, in its implementation, there are various challenges that must be faced, such as limited technological infrastructure, public understanding of the online system, and inequality of internet access in several regions. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method that focuses on SMAN 1 Sunggal. Data were collected through interviews with the school, direct observation, and documentation related to the implementation of online PPDB. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive analysis techniques to identify various obstacles and solutions that can be applied in the implementation process of online PPDB. The results of the study show that although the online PPDB system at SMAN 1 Sunggal has been running relatively well, there are several challenges, such as inequality of internet access in certain areas and lack of public understanding regarding online registration procedures. However, this system has succeeded in reducing fraudulent practices and simplifying the administration process for accepting new students. Therefore, it is necessary to improve technological facilities and training for prospective students and parents to support the successful implementation of the online PPDB system in the future. This research is expected to contribute to the development of educational policies and improve understanding of the application of technology in the educational process in Indonesia.
Atuação da fisioterapia pélvica nas disfunções sexuais femininas: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Santos Helyne Danielly Soares , Santos Natalia Milena Bomfim dos , Reis Guilherme Santos , Santos Romário Vinícius de Souza , Silva Luiz André Santos , Souza Marília Trindade de Santana , Guimarães Elisama de Campos , Almeida Grace Kelly Melo de
Published: February 2025

As disfunções sexuais femininas são definidas como qualquer irregularidade relacionada ao desejo sexual, orgasmo, excitabilidade ou dor sexual. Estudos mostram que cerca de 49% das mulheres brasileiras são acometidas por algum tipo de disfunção sexual, o que prejudica as relações com seus parceiros e qualidade de vida. Dentre as disfunções sexuais tem-se a dispareunia (DP), caracterizada por algia genital associada a penetração, o vaginismo, ocasionada pela contração involuntária da musculatura interna da vagina, a vulvodinia, dor crônica relacionada a hipersensibilidade da região vulvar, e a vestibulodínia (VBD), versão mais comum da vulvodinia, quando há hipersensibilidade no vestíbulo vulvar. A conduta fisioterapêutica correta e baseada em evidências pode ser uma alternativa facilitadora do processo, diminuindo os danos causados nesse período. Objetivou-se avaliar as evidências científicas sobre a atuação da fisioterapia pélvica nas disfunções sexuais femininas, sendo consideradas publicações entre os anos de 2014 e 2024, nos idiomas português e inglês. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nas bases MedLine, LILACS, PubMed e SciELO. Observou-se que a fisioterapia no tratamento das disfunções sexuais femininas melhora a dor gênito-pélvica, função sexual, força e consciência da musculatura do assoalho pélvico (MAP) através do uso da cinesioterapia, eletroterapia, biofeedback (BF) e terapias manuais. A terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas também mostrou bons resultados no tratamento da DP, porém mais estudos a respeito desse método ainda precisam ser realizados. Por fim, esse estudo contribui para o embasamento da prática clínica dos fisioterapeutas envolvidos com disfunções sexuais femininas (DSFs), assim como o direcionamento de pesquisas clínicas futuras.
The reverse impact of the “Socialist realism” method in creating a hero's personality and modern kazakh novel
Authors:   Ege University, Izmir, Turkey, Fedakar S.
Published: February 2025

The era of the Soviet Union proved that real national literature cannot be created under colonialism. The "Socialist realism" method created by the authorities had a reverse impact on the nature of the artistic image. The characters in the work are politicized. Special attention was paid to the class division (rich and poor), and the images were depicted one-sidedly. The collapse of the USSR allowed the development of a new type of literature in the postSoviet countries. In the research paper, we made comparisons, and the damage caused by the method of "socialist realism" to fiction is mentioned. However, these years were also successful. Kazakh literature has developed in terms of genres. The genre of the novel has been mastered. Talented writers have mastered describing the reality of life with clues. Literary tradition and skill practices were used in the literature of the period of Independence.
Screen printed graphite electrode modified with two-dimen-sional leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (Zn) for efficient electrochemical sensing of sulphite
Authors: Rahi Algraittee Satar Jabbar , Hussein Bdair Ban Waheed , Abass Sukir Firas Abdul , Muslim Muhibes Raed , Mudhafar Mustafa , Lahhob Qais R.
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we describe the use of a screen-printed graphite electrode modified with a two-dimensional leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (Zn), ZIF-L (Zn) for the deter¬mination of sulphite. We started by using linear sweep voltammetry to investigate the redox properties of the modified electrode at different scan rates (10 to 400 mV s-1). Next, we evaluated sulphite oxidation in the modified electrode. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the linear dynamic range of 0.04-900.0 µM and the limit of detection (3s/m) of 0.01 μM were obtained. DPV was also used to quantify sulphite in various real samples using the standard addition method.
Surgical management of subclavian steal syndrome in a patient with an aberrant right subclavian artery
Authors: Nuri Tuncer Osman , Çınar Celal , Atay Yüksel
Published: February 2025

The coexistence of subclavian steal syndrome and aberrant right subclavian artery is a very rare condition. Herein, we report a case of a 73-year-old male patient with subclavian steal syndrome who underwent carotid-subclavian bypass surgery. A single supraclavicular incision was made and carotid-subclavian bypass operation was performed using a Dacron graft in the patient. The patient was asymptomatic at the three-month follow-up with no complications. Carotid-subclavian bypass appears to be the most effective method in treating symptomatic cases of subclavian steal syndrome with an aberrant right subclavian artery.
Early-term results of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (valve-in-valve) in dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves in pulmonary position
Authors: Duras Ensar , Çilsal Erman , Gökalp Selman , Ugan Atik Sezen , Şahin Murat , Yükcü Bekir , Güzeltaş Alper
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of valve-in-valve implantation within previously placed bioprosthetic valves.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients who underwent percutaneous valve-in-valve procedures between July 2014 and September 2023. These patients had previously received pulmonary bioprosthetic valves via surgical or transcatheter methods.

Results: The study included 20 patients (13 males, 7 females; mean age: 20.4±7.1 years; range, 10.8 to 35.8 years). Preprocedural assessment revealed stenotic dysfunction in 12 patients, regurgitant dysfunction in two patients, and a combination of both in six patients. Following implantation, there was a notable improvement in invasive measurements; systolic right ventricular pressure decreased from 64.0±24.5 mmHg to 31.3±6.7 mmHg (p<0.001), right ventricular outflow tract gradient from 44.0±23.2 mmHg to 7.6±5.8 mmHg (p<0.001), and echocardiographic pulmonary regurgitation grade from 2.1±1.2 to 0.2±0.4 (p<0.001). The median time between initial bioprosthetic pulmonary valve placement and valve-in-valve procedure was 8.2 years (IQR, 6.2 to 9.9 years). The median follow-up duration was 24.8 months (IQR, 8.3 to 40.2 months). Only one patient required a repeat PPVI procedure 10 years after the valve-in-valve procedure, while no other patients required reintervention during the follow-up period.

Conclusion: Valve-in-valve implantation within previously placed bioprosthetic valves is a feasible and safe approach, offering symptom relief and eliminating the need for further surgical interventions.
The outcomes of concomitant off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and pulmonary operations
Authors: Şanser Ateş Mehmet , Tuba Demirözü Zümrüt , Erus Suat , Aksoy Eray , Burak Özer Kadir , Gürkahraman Sami , Ezgi Cesur Ekin , Tanju Serhan
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aims to analyze the early- and long-term outcomes of concomitant off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and pulmonary resection for lung cancer or a thoracic mass.

Methods: Twenty-three patients (17 females, 6 males; mean age: 69.7±6.5 years; range, 59 to 83 years) who underwent concomitant off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and thoracic surgery procedures for lung cancer or a thoracic mass between March 2018 and February 2024 were included in the retrospective study. The surgical approach was median sternotomy for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was preferred for lung tumor resections. Mortality, major adverse cardiac events, cerebrovascular events, and duration of hospital stay were evaluated.

Results: There were no postoperative deaths or perioperative myocardial infarctions. None of the patients experienced pneumothorax or atelectasis. None of the patients sustained excessive blood loss requiring reoperation. Arterial grafts were the first choice during coronary artery bypass grafting. Wedge resections, lobectomies, segmentectomies were performed in the subsequent video-assisted thoracic surgery. All patients were followed for six to 86 months. Four patients died during the postoperative one-year period, and one patient died at postoperative 29 months due to cancer relapse. The overall one-year survival rate was 86.5%, and three- and five-year survival rates were 74% and 74%, respectively.

Conclusion: The video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery approach provides a more favorable perspective for pulmonary resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection, which has importance in patients’ final diagnosis, than the sternal view due to more ample, wider workspace. Combined off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and pulmonary resection in patients with lung cancer is safe and effective and reduces possible complications of a second major surgery.
Evaluation of patients with traumatic vertebral fractures and accompanying rib fractures in terms of complication development and need for surgery
Authors: Kiraz İlker , Keçeci Özgür Gizem , İlker Akçam Tevfik , Biçeroğlu Hüseyin
Published: February 2025

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with traumatic vertebral fractures and accompanying rib fractures in terms of complication development and need for surgery.

Methods: Between January 2019 and September 2022, a total of 173 patients (138 males, 35 females; mean age: 53.0±18.5 years; range, 17 to 95 years) who had vertebral and accompanying rib fractures due to blunt and penetrating trauma were retrospectively examined. The patients were divided into three groups: upper cervical (n=8), lower cervical (n=31), and thoracolumbar (n=134). Among the groups, trauma mechanisms, rib fracture numbers, accompanying thoracic pathologies, complication developments, and need for surgery were compared.

Results: There was a significant difference between men and women in terms of trauma mechanisms (p=0.001). The mean number of accompanying rib fractures was 5.03±3.19. Number of accompanying rib fractures was higher in patients who developed complications compared to those who did not develop complications (p=0.007). Accompanying hemothorax was significantly higher in patients with upper cervical vertebral fractures (p=0.019). Need for spinal surgery to be significantly higher in patients with upper cervical vertebral fractures (p<0.01). Development of complications was higher in patients with burst fracture than in those without (p=0.004). There was a significantly higher need for spinal surgery in patients with burst fractures and lamina fractures (p<0.001 for both).

Conclusion: Identification of risk groups is critical for the management of trauma patients. The type and level of vertebral fractures are related to the presence of hemothorax, the development of complications, and the need for surgery.
Choosing a thoracic surgeon in Türkiye: Which criteria do patients pay attention to?
Authors: Derdiyok Onur , Temel Uğur , Oğuzhan Özyurtkan Mehmet , Arslan Bülent , Karadayı Şule
Published: February 2025

Background: This study aims to identify main factors playing a role in patient’s selection of a thoracic surgeon in Türkiye.

Methods: Between July 2022 and June 2024, a total of 147 patients (96 males, 41 females; mean age: 56.1±14.7 years; range, 19 to 93 years) who underwent lung resection and completed an anonymous questionnaire sent via e-mail or cell-phone were included. Demographic data of the patients, surgeon’s educational and medical background, advertisements and popularity, age and sex, appearance and communication skills, and surgeon’s working center were evaluated.

Results: “Spending adequate time with patients” had the highest score, while “the distance between surgeon’s center and patient’s home” had the lowest score. In general, criteria about surgeon’s appearance and communication skills, and surgeon’s working center had significantly the highest rates, whereas those of surgeon’s advertisements and popularity had the lowest rates (p<0.05). Recommendation by another doctor or family doctor was insignificantly more important than by non-medical person. Patients were not influenced with internet reviews or scoring about the surgeon, presence of surgeon’s personal web page, or social media accounts, or age/sex of the surgeon (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Turkish patients mostly take into consideration the attitudes of the surgeon rather than surgeon’s reputation and professional experience, while selecting a thoracic surgeon. Surgeon-patient interaction is highly important for Turkish patients. Social media and advertisements are not important criteria in the selection of thoracic surgeon in Türkiye.
Development of anaphylaxis during biopsy of cardiac, hepatic, and subcutaneous hydatid cysts
Authors: Yilmaz Mehmet , Berhan Pirimoglu Rüstem , Guzel Ismail , Ayerden Dila , Ucmak Hacer
Published: February 2025

This case report presents a rare occurrence of both subcutaneous and cardiac hydatid cysts in a pediatric patient. A 10-year-old girl admitted with a rapidly enlarging, painful mass in the right dorsal scapular region. During a biopsy procedure under sedation, the patient developed an anaphylactic reaction and subsequent cardiopulmonary arrest. After successful resuscitation, cardiac echocardiography revealed a large hydatid cyst in the interventricular septum. In conclusion, potential complications should always be considered during invasive procedures. In addition, in patients with musculoskeletal masses, a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging may detect and prevent potential complications at an early stage.
MELANCHOLIA IN PSYCHIATRY: BETWEEN VICTORIAN ROMANTICISM AND MODERN NEUROSCIENCE
Authors: Brandão Guilherme Sundré , Souza Davi Dias , Abrantes Eduarda Gomes , Seleguine Felipe Martins Cotta , Vizani Ricardo Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Since ancient times, melancholia has intrigued and challenged scholars, bridging the realms of medicine, philosophy, and art. Hippocrates first conceptualized melancholia as an imbalance of humors, establishing a foundation for its later identification as a profound psychic condition. By the Victorian era, figures like Falret and Freud further dissected melancholia, associating it with psychomotor retardation, anhedonia, and existential despair. Freud’s psychoanalytic framework redefined melancholia as a pathological form of mourning, emphasizing the internalization of loss and the weakening of the self. Despite its historic significance, the distinction between melancholia and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) remains contentious, particularly following its exclusion from the DSM-III. Contemporary studies highlight melancholia’s unique psychopathological features, including vegetative dysfunctions and psychotic symptoms, distinguishing it from broader depressive states. Beyond psychiatry, melancholia profoundly influenced literature and art, shaping works by Machado de Assis and José de Alencar as explorations of existential suffering and social critique. This paper underscores the complexity of melancholia as a multifaceted construct, advocating for its nuanced understanding within clinical and cultural frameworks. The evolving classification systems and their limitations highlight the need for continued interdisciplinary dialogue to address the enduring enigma of melancholia.
Improving Efficiency of Public Administration through Strategic Benchmarking
Authors: Bolotbaev Asylbek
Published: February 2025

The paper reviews the importance of the Regional Hub as a platform for discussing current issues of civil service development and for benchmarking. It also addresses the issues of the civil service system’s development in Kyrgyzstan and promotion of the principles of meritocracy. In addition, it describes a range of measures that have been implemented in the country’s civil service. For the purpose of providing an international benchmarking, it is proposed to clusterize the best performing countries in terms of the corruption levels and GDP per capita. The author identifies four most notable clusters of countries based on their specifics. Basedon the benchmarking results, specific measures derived from the practices of each cluster are offered to be implemented in the Kyrgyz Republic in order to improve public administration and civil service, to develop anti-corruption policies and to promote further economic growth, as well as to target institutional reforms for achieving breakthrough development.
Civic Engagement in Azerbaijan
Authors: Aliyeva Safura
Published: February 2025

This paper aims at analysing the current appreciation of civic engagement in Azerbaijan, discusses its benefits in terms of governance and provides recommendations to improve the situation. Civic engagement is beneficial for governance as it helps to keep the government more accountable and transparent. Citizens’ ideas are a source of innovation and entrepreneurship. Therefore, civic engagement needs to be improved in Azerbaijan. It may be improved through the effective involvement of public councils and the use of collaborative technological platforms, for which the country has a potential.Key words: civic engagement, public councils, collaborative technological platforms, public awareness, Azerbaijan
The Agenda-Setting Government Resilience Framework: The Case of Economic Diversification in Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic (2008-2017)
Authors: Dyussenov Mergen
Published: February 2025

Notwithstanding the evolution in agenda-setting theories, their major assumption has been a passive stance of the government. More recent scholars (e.g. Boin et al., 2009), while taking an actor-centric approach to analysing agenda-setting processes in the EU, explicitly assume an ability of other actors, both inside and outside the government, to effectively exploit crisis events that emerge on policy arenas by aggressively pushing their own narratives and frames and thus setting the government agenda. While similarly taking an actor-centric approach to studying agenda-setting interactions, this paper seeks to fill a gap in existing policy research by explicitly assuming the government’s capacity and motivation to withstand the external pressure that is often exerted by other key actors, and thus by introducing a concept of government resilience as applied to agenda-setting. It furthermore attempts to quantify the notion of government resilience, thus addressing the issue of operationalising a change in public policy. Reflective of growing calls among scholars to look into policy change in the developing world, this paper develops a framework that could be useful not only in assessing the degree of resilience of a certain actor, e.g. the government, as applied to agenda-setting but used as a diagnostic tool to assess the government’s capacity to pursue its agenda and implement policy measures. Seeking to explore the potential applicability of the new framework in the context of economic diversification across two postSoviet nations – Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan – this study looks into the time span of 2008-2017. Keywords
Ideals and Realities in the American Civil Service
Authors: Newland Chester A (Chet)
Published: February 2025

Traditions go a long way in moulding institutions and serving as a guide to public service reform. (Stillman II 2003: 19-40). Tradition underpins our values systems, but it is mostly challenges that shape its course, determining the nature and dominant features of structures that come out of reforms. The article, which follows, considers major policies, practices and concerns which, at various times, have served as catalysts of change, at each of the three tiers of the American government system: federal, state and local. From very modest beginnings in the early nineteenth century, the federal civil service waxed in both size and quality in the Reconstruction period, after the Civil War and later under the influence of the Progressive Movement. However, it was mostly the Great Depression striking in 1929 and the challenges of War, from 1941 to 1945 and beyond, that have been instrumental in changing and expanding the scope of government and public administration. On all the levels of government, the Administrative State and civil service policies reflecting the values of merit and expertise came clearly into their own. The dominance of Politics never really disappeared but, from the nineteen-eighties, “an escape from Politics” increasingly has been as mostly unrealistic. Some current trends especially have added to the effects that privatization, “contracting out”, unionization and politicization of collective bargaining process have brought in their trail, substantially affecting the ways public services work. Still, it is two broader factors with roots in the external environment that currently produce profound transformative changes in the Structures and Ideals of the American Civil Services, on all three tiers of government. These, according to this article, are: Digital Era Automation, whose effects are yet to come and powerful societal forces combating discrimination and exclusion, thus favouring diversity in both the composition and several facets of civil services structure and policies.
The Federal Executive Institute of the United States of America: Amid Epochal Changes & On-Going Public Administration Challenges
Authors: Newland Chester
Published: February 2025

Transformation of high levels of Public Service from exclusive elitism to general inclusiveness, reflecting epochal changes in American society generally, has been the most visibly sustained aspect of development of the Federal Executive Institute (FEI) throughout its 46 years of operations. Two other interrelated frameworks of change dynamics that remain on-going from earlier Public Administration thinking and practices have also been vital Institute concerns: (1) shifts from dominant centralized, hierarchical, silo structures of expert, positivist authority to behavioral theory and practices of Facilitative Governance, including cross-sectoral developments (but with growing reversions in recent decades associated with ideological extremism and partisan politicization); and (2) extension of the field from near-dominant preoccupation with Executive Branch affairs of government to governance broadly in digital-era contexts. The FEI has been impacted importantly by these developments, and it has contributed to them. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the development of the FEI within the framework of changes towards general inclusiveness in the American society. It concludes that the digital era, several decades in development, is now established globally as Epochal. New opportunities abound for multiplication of splendid values and reconciliation with them of varied means for their accomplishment. Challenges are great but many can be overcome in the years to come.
The initial sign of success of the Regional Hub of Civil Service in Astana
Authors: Zabilhuallh Sawayz Sayed
Published: February 2025

There is a need for countries to share resources and expertise to work on the common problem and use the result of that for their countries’ specific needs. The Regional Hub of Civil Service established in Astana of Kazakhstan with the participation of CIS countries, Georgia and Afghanistan is one of the excellence centers. There is a strong need for developing regional centers to enable countries to share experiences and learn from innovations of each other for reform and capacity building of the public sector, improved efficiency and sustainable development of countries and regions.
Principles of Senior Civil Service in Kazakhstan: Integrity, Professionalism, and Ethics
Authors: Zharkeshov Yernar
Published: February 2025

As the experiences of Singapore, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States demonstrate effective and responsive civil service systems often have a senior civil servicelevel. It is named differently in different countries, for instance, inthe Netherlands – de Algemene Bestuursdienst (or in short – ADB),in the UK – Senior Civil Service, in Singapore – Administrativeservice. In Kazakhstan it has been named “corps A”. Corps A is an executive level of civil service envisioned to ensure the link between the strategic decision-making and implementation, as well as provide continuity of human resources policy and long-termperformance of a state agency. The current civil service reform in Kazakhstan, particularly introduction of the executive level – corps A, promotes the ideals of serving the people and society at large. Such profound changes that require civil service transparency, public accountability and efficient delivery of quality public services aim at increasing the number of civil servants for whom integrity, professionalism and ethics are paramount principles.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ СИСТЕМНОГО ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫХ ПРОЦЕДУР: ОПЫТ АДМИНИСТРАЦИИ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors: Жаубасов Бауыржан
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматриваются теоретические и практические вопросы системного повышения эффективности административных процедур, применяемых в Администрации Президента Республики Казахстан.
На Пути к Целостности Государственной Службы в Восточной Европе и Центральной Азии
Authors: Савран Ольга
Published: February 2025

Многие страны Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии находятся в процессе преобразования своей государственной службы, с тем, чтобы она могла обеспечивать интересы общества. В настоящей статье обсуждается текущее положение этого процесса в странах региона и проводится анализ усилий, предпринимаемых странами в целях обеспечения целостности государственной службы, на примере опыта Армении, Казахстана, Грузии и других государств. В частности, в ней уделяется особое внимание практике конкурсного назначения на должности на основании личных заслуг, внедрению системы вознаграждения по результатам, а также подчеркивается важность обеспечения этических и юридических норм для противодействия коррупции, предотвращения конфликта интересов и продвижения главных ценностей государственной службы. Автор также указывает на вызовы, стоящие перед этими странами сегодня, и в этой связи рассматривает среди прочих такие вопросы, как ошибочное толкование понятия профессионализма на государственной службе и недостаточная независимость государственных служащих в принятии решений. Исходя из этого автором даются рекомендации касательно обучения государственных служащих по вопросам ценностей государственной службы, развития практических этических навыков и формирования уважения к верховенству закона, а также обеспечения исполнения мернаказания за коррупционные преступления в целях достиженияцелостности государственного управления.
The Application of Performance Evaluation Results For China's Service-oriented Government: The Present Situation, Problems and Solutions
Authors: Gang Xue , Guili Bo , Xiaokang Liu , Yanhong Yin
Published: February 2025

Experience drawn from foreign countries and domestic trials have shown that whether performance evaluation of the government can be sustained and achieve results depends mainly on the application of evaluation results. At present, the application of performance evaluation results in the Chinese Administration does not live up to the requirements of building a service-oriented government. Measures should be taken to promote their effective use, namely, create incentives for establishing quality public services by offering awards, improve administrative accountability systems for public services, make available to the public performance evaluation results of the Administration and report how these results are applied. Furthermore, improve the application of performance results in the Administration by such measures as linking them to budget appropriations.
Реформа государственных организаций в Китае
Authors: Лилли И
Published: February 2025

В Китае одна из основных административных реформ заключается в преобразовании государственных организаций. С 1980-х годов реформирование государственных организаций являлось важным направлением работы наряду с реформами сельскохозяйственного сектора, государственных предприятий и административной системы, проходившими на фоне проведения политики реформ и открытости Китая. Государственные организации представляют собой организационную характеристику государственного сектора, уникальную для Китая. Сегодня государственные организации стали основными провайдерами государственных услуг, так как они затрагивают такие важные сферы как уровень жизни людей и образование, наука и технологии, культура и здравоохранение в форме школ, научно-исследовательских институтов, культурных организаций, медицинский заведений и т.д.Несмотря на то, что концепция государственных организаций или государственных учреждений Китая уникальна, учреждения, выполняющие аналогичные функции, можно найти по всему миру. Такими учреждениями являются независимые агентства, исполнительные агентства, вневедомственные учреждения, юридические лица публичного права, полуавтономные органы.Важность дальнейшего продвижения реформы государственных организаций обусловлена тем, что такая реформа направлена на повышение качества жизни людей, а также научных, образовательных, культурных и медицинских программ, которые тесно связаны с благополучием людей. Только путем углубления реформ правительства могут быть удовлетворены растущие потребности общества в государственных услугах. Более того, такая реформа имеет решающее значение для преобразования функциональности правительства и создания правительства, ориентированного на оказание государственных услуг. Помимо этого, такая реформа важна для обеспечения устойчивого экономического роста, поскольку государственные услуги являются неотъемлемой частью сектора услуг и потенциальной сферой для стимулирования  потребления. Это также важно для достижения структурного улучшения двигателей экономики, экономической трансформации и модернизации. В целом, проведение реформы государственных организаций имеет важное значение в общем замысле политики реформ и открытости.
Functional Analysis as a Human Resources Management Tool: The Case of the FY Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Jahija Jahi
Published: February 2025

This paper presents findings about how functional analysis, as a human resources management tool, may contribute to public administration reform efforts in the FYR of Macedonia, for building modern, efficient and effective public institutions at the central and local government levels.
И Еще Раз О Недобросовестном Управлении
Authors: Кайден Геральд E.
Published: February 2025

В настоящем описании отражены исследования явлений недобросовестного управления, «бюропаталогии» и коррупции, с точки зрения научной деятельности, мешающие, расстраивающие и приносящие вред людям повсюду. Эти явления мучают человечество с рассвета цивилизации. Принимая настолько различные формы проступков, плохого исполнения и противозаконных действий, они проникают в каждую организованную деятельность человека. Далее представлена одержимость данной социальной дисфункцией длиною в жизнь, непривычные определения, по своей универсальности заменяющие ранние попытки (Кейден 1991), и заключения об основных разногласиях, касающихся определенных аспектов причин, вреда и возможных эффективных способов ограничения их присутствия. Выделяется моральная задача дисциплины государственного управления по преобразованию недобросовестного управления в более открытое, по введению мер противодействия и сохранению оптимизма в том, что борьба является оправданной целью государственного управления, гражданской деятельности и этичного руководства. Возможно, государственное управление никогда не сможет стать универсальной естественной наукой, просто ввиду того, что управление все еще основывается на суждении и опыте, нежели на изучении универсальных принципов, пословиц и неиспытанных форм и фантазий нашего времени. Реальность не так проста, и обстоятельства меняются от случая к случаю. Перед каждым управленцем встает выбор: делать свое дело хорошо или плохо. Здесь все еще играют роль личность и характер. Однако помехой может стать организационная культура и поведение управляемых, не поддаваясь действиям по изменению и исправлению; в действительности, ведущие к институционному параличу, как показывают исследования по странам. В действиях по ограничению недобросовестного управления (a) следует первоочередное внимание уделить тому, чего больше всего боятся и осуждают его жертвы, а также поиску эффективных процессов заверения и устранения ошибок, (б) бравым моралистам не следует становиться заклейменными изгоями, портить другим жизнь и не соглашаться со всем только потому, что они придерживаются других взглядов, (в) действия должны звучать громче слов, а поступки должны быть значимее дежурных фраз, (г) организациям нужно быть честнее самими с собой, учитывать жалобы и критику, даже если они необоснованные, и (д) понимать, что реформы редко проходят гладко, напротив, они встречают яростное сопротивление, потому для их применения необходимы готовность, упорство и адаптация. Ничего не может быть идеальным.Ключевые слова: государственное управление, недобросовестное управление, коррупция, бюрократия.
Public Sector Reform in Central Asia and the Caucasus
Authors: Knox Colin
Published: February 2025

Many developing countries are constantly seeking to reform their public services as part of a wider agenda which supports moves to a market economy and better governance arrangements. Some have embraced public management reforms as the template for their activities with limited success. This paper considers existing research on the impact of public sector reform in developing countries and offers an alternative approach, through case studies of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan, based on two keys elements: an agenda which attempts to shift developing countries to an outcomes-based approach operationalized through a “quality of life” framework; and, peer-to-peer learning which acknowledges one of the key variables that influences the success of embedding public sector reform – context.