bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online Affirmation and Peer Support are Effective for Reducing Medical Personnel Stress in Dealing with Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Saleha Nurmukaromatis , Delfina Rina , Nurlaili Nurlaili , Ardiansyah Fourni , Nafratilova Mercy
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 outbreak has psychological impacts on frontline medical personnel at risk of infection. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of online affirmations and peer support on medical personnel stress level in dealing with Covid-19 patients, as well as social support and spiritual intelligence's influence. It was a quasi-experiment with pre- and post-test administered to 25 and 30 medical personnel as the intervention and control groups, respectively. The intervention was carried out on WhatsApp group for 4 weeks. The stress level pair T-test results showed p = 0.000 in the intervention group and p = 0.238 in the control, while the independent T-test results showed p = 0.009. Social support did not affect medical personnel’s stress (p=0.978), but the effect of spiritual intelligence was significant (p=0.000). According to the results of multiple regression test conducted using the Enter method, the coefficient value (R2) = 0.584. This intervention was effective in helping medical personnel to manage stress. Hence, hospital managers need to carry out stress management training to maintain medical personnel’s mental health.
Type D Personality and Essential Hypertension in Semarang City, Indonesia: A Primary Healthcare Center-based Case-Control Study
Authors: Fauzi Lukman , Rahayu Sri Ratna , Anggorowati Lindra
Published: July 2021

Type D personality is defined as the interaction between negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI). Hypertension has the highest cases in primary healthcare center (PHC) in Semarang City compared to other non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine type D personality role on essential hypertension. It was a case-control study conducted at the PHC in Semarang City from January 2020 to March 2021 with 139 cases and 139 controls among 18-60 years old patients. Sample collection was performed by stratified random sampling. The instruments used were the DS-14 scale, structured questionnaire IPAQ-SF, food frequency questionnaire, and the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale, while data were analyzed using logistic regression. The prevalence of type D personality in the case group (64%; 95%CI: 55.9%-72.1%) was higher than in the control (36.7%; 95%CI: 28.7%-44.7%). Type D personality was discovered to be significantly associated with essential hypertension (OR: 3.07; 95%CI: 1.83-5.16).  After other covariates adjustment, the association was still statistically significant (AdjOR: 2.41; 95%CI: 1.32-4.41).
A simple method to determine the diffusivity of green wood
Authors: Frayssinhes Rémy , Girardon Stéphane , Marcon Bertrand , Denaud Louis , Collet Robert
Published: July 2021

Log temperature appreciably influences veneer quality during the rotary peeling process. The assessment of the thermal properties of green wood is complex and typically requires the sawing of small calibrated samples. This study introduced a simple approach based on an inverse identification method to determine the global log thermal diffusivity online and without the time-consuming extraction of wooden samples that is commonly used to perform diffusivity experiments. This method was applied to green Douglas fir logs and resulted in an average thermal diffusivity of 0.175 ± 0.021 mm2.s-1. This method was found to be suitable for both heartwood and sapwood and thus can provide a globally applicable diffusivity assessment method. This global parameter is essential to optimizing the soaking time and improving the subsequent veneer production quality. As log-soaking preprocessing requires an immense input of energy, this time-optimization strategy will allow sizable cost reduction and ecological improvement.
A note on epistemic and effective meanings of the Polish perfective and imperfective
Authors: Kochańska Agata
Published: July 2021

The paper offers an analysis of selected uses of the Polish perfective and imperfective in the non-past indicative and in the imperative construction. In uses under consideration, both the perfective and the imperfective refer to a single complete occurrence of a telic process and, hence, the semantic contrast between them is not a matter of distinctions such as boundedness/unboundedness, completion/non-completion, telicity/atelicity, punctuality/durativity, etc. The paper presents a qualitative analysis of selected corpus examples which is aimed at elucidating the nature of the relevant contrast. The claim advocated in the course of the discussion is that the perfective/imperfective contrast may play a role in the system of clausal grounding in Polish, as it may convey the idea of, respectively, epistemic and/or effective non-immediacy/immediacy of the profiled process relative to the ground.
Connective negation and negative concord in Balto-Slavic
Authors: Van der Auwera Johan , Nomachi Motoki , Krasnoukhova Olga
Published: July 2021

With negative indefinite pronouns the Balto-Slavic languages all exhibit strict negative concord. In this study we investigate how negative concord functions in a context in which a connective negator (‘neither ... nor’) combines either phrases or clauses. We show that there are various types of non-concordant patterns.
Lithuanian reflexive-based impersonals with accusative objects
Authors: Spraunienė Birutė , Žeimantienė Vaiva
Published: July 2021

This paper surveys Lithuanian impersonal constructions with predicative present passive participles containing non-promoted accusative objects. It is shown that the construction, hitherto considered very rare, is well-attested and productive with one verb class, namely, transitive reflexives. In terms of semantics, transitive reflexives in Lithuanian may be classified as autobenefactives. Autobenefactive reflexives do not exhibit a change in argument structure with respect to their non-reflexive counterparts. In the case of autobenefactives, the morpheme -si- attached to the verb adds the meaning that the subject, which mostly has the semantic role of an agent, benefits from the event expressed by the predicate. On the basis of corpus data, we have analysed how widespread impersonal constructions with accusative objects are within the domain of transitive reflexives and which pattern—the accusative or the nominative—is dominant when both are attested. Lastly, we briefly discuss the temporal-aspectual meaning of reflexive-based impersonals as well as the referential properties of implied agents
On the relation between present and future tense in Lithuanian: Preliminary considerations in the domain of non-deictic tense use
Authors: Wiemer Björn
Published: July 2021

The article examines non-deictic uses of present and future tense in Lithuanian. Narrative use, in which reference intervals match with singular events, is distinguished from suspended propositions characterized by lack of such reference intervals (habitual, dispositional and circumstantial modal, and conditional meanings). Present tense is frequently involved in both usage domains, while the future is rare in narrative use, but overlaps with present tense in certain types of suspended propositions. Moreover, its temporal-deictic use is inherently associated with suspended propositions and “linked” to them via epistemic implicatures. This, in contrast to the present, makes the future more likely to be employed in predictions which entail an observer.The analysis is supplemented by a brief comparison with non-deictic tense use in the nonpast-domain of Slavic languages, yielding a grid of criteria that should be used in crosslinguistic studies on tense-aspect systems based on stem derivation and the feature [±bounded].
Pertenecer, mucho más que habitar un espacio. Tensiones emergentes tras reubicación en viviendas formales de residentes de la consolidación habitacional Juan Bobo en Medellín, Antioquia (2017-2019)
Authors: Herran Coppelia
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación está relacionada con el modelo de intervención territorial empleado por las administraciones de Medellín 2004-2011, por medio de la cual se buscó conectar los asentamientos informales a la dinámica formal de la ciudad de Medellín. A través de la construcción de grandes obras arquitectónicas en los sectores con los índices más bajos de calidad de vida y de desarrollo humano ubicados en las zonas norte, centro oriental y centro occidental, se dirigió la mirada a la Consolidación Habitacional de la Quebrada Juan Bobo como uno de los proyectos más emblemáticos a nivel arquitectónico de la ciudad, por generar  vivienda nueva en cuenca de quebrada beneficiando a 1.240 personas que fueron reubicadas dentro del mismo barrio, incluso sobre el mismo sitio donde estaban antes construidas sus antiguas viviendas.
Embracing Conceptualizations of English Language Teacher Education From a Complexity Perspective
Authors: Garcia-Chamorro Martha , Rosado-Mendinueta Nayibe
Published: July 2021

Current conceptualizations of foreign language teacher education fail to represent the complexity of such education. This reflection highlights the need to embrace English language teacher education from a complex perspective. To explain this position, we define complex systems and complexity principles through examples of interconnected components of teacher education. Then, we trace emergent conceptualizations from theory and governmental documents that resonate with a complexity perspective. We suggest that efforts in this direction may better prepare prospective English teachers to face challenging realities in educational settings and will eventually improve students’ learning, an outcome every stakeholder is aiming at.
El manejo de la inteligencia emocional en los estudiantes de lengua extranjera mientras presentan sus exámenes orales de inglés
Authors: Bata Sara , Castro Cristal
Published: July 2021

Este artículo es un estudio mixto el cual examina cómo un grupo de seis estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera del nivel básico manejan su inteligencia emocional mientras presentan sus exámenes orales. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos como lo son: una prueba de inteligencia emocional, observaciones no participativas, encuestas y entrevistas individuales con preguntas abiertas. Los resultados proporcionan una mayor comprensión sobre la inteligencia emocional de los estudiantes y sus mecanismos de afrontamiento utilizados para gestionar su inteligencia emocional mientras presentan dos exámenes orales diferentes.
Critical Reading With Undergraduate EFL Students in Colombia: Gains and Challenges
Authors: Castaño-Roldán Juan David , Correa Doris
Published: July 2021

This qualitative study explored the gains and challenges experienced by an interdisciplinary group of English as a foreign language students who participated in the implementation of a critical reading unit taught within a reading comprehension course at a university in Medellín, Colombia. To do this, video-recordings of all lessons, samples of students’ work, and students’ reflections were collected. Results show that students experienced several gains but also had some challenges related to aligning with the author’s position, seeing positionality in factual texts, and taking middle positions. These results suggest that even though it is not only possible but beneficial to do critical reading with undergraduate English as a foreign language students, there are some specific areas in which these students need additional support.
Configuration of Racial Identities of Learners of English
Authors: Bonilla-Medina Sandra Ximena , Varela Karen Vanessa , García Katherine
Published: July 2021

Racial identity, as well as other social identities, is intrinsically related to language learning. Nevertheless, this relationship has been taken for granted. Despite research done in the area, not a lot has centred explicitly on finding the connections between race and language learning. This article addresses that point in an attempt to shed light specifically on English language learning and teaching. We used a qualitative research methodology to analyse oral and written narratives that were produced by participants telling their experience as English language learners. This article underscores the results that relate language learners’ racial experiences as a crucial factor in the configuration of their identity as well as the economic, social, and cultural factors involved.
New record of Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Felidae), in an Atlantic Forest fragment in the Pernambuco Endemism Center, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Soares Ramos Déborah Maria , Gonçalves da Silva Lucas , Souza-Alves João Pedro , Carlos Isabella Ribeiro , Alejandro Montes Martín
Published: July 2021

The Pernambuco Endemism Center is a key region for the maintenance of biodiversity of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Inventories of the medium-sized terrestrial mammals in this region are scarce, and several information gaps still remain. We conducted a camera trap survey at the Tapacurá Ecological Station, São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco. We obtained new records of at least four females and three male individuals of Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758). The records provide important data about occurrence and distribution of a threatened population of this mesocarnivore in northeastern Brazil.
Comparing whole-class discussion and task-based activity
Authors: Farzaneh Thoraya , Benati Alessandro
Published: July 2021

This study examined the participation patterns and effectiveness of two different instructional treatments: Treatment One consisted of a task-based activity; Treatment Two used a whole-class discussion approach (Q/A paradigm). The research investigated which instructional treatment was more relevant and effective. The quantity of information learners could remember immediately after instruction, one week later, and the information that emerged through the interactional formats were measured. Each treatment was carried out for approximately one hour and then participants were asked to write a summary. After a week, students were given a piece of paper to summarise what was carried out the week before to see how much information they could remember. All the interactions were transcribed. L2 learners’ response towards the task based activity showed positive results and the task-based activity treatment was considered a better pedagogical approach.
The effects of students’ engagement with direct and indirect corrective feedback on text rewriting
Authors: La Russa Francesca
Published: July 2021

The identification of the most effective corrective technique is a matter of debate and the results of the studies comparing direct feedback (when students are given the correction) and indirect feedback (when they have to find it on their own) are mixed. Apart from this, the effectiveness of feedback might be influenced by the way students process it. Our study compares the effects of these two kinds of feedback on text rewriting and assesses the impact of students’ engagement during feedback processing. It was conducted on twenty-six Italian FL learners at a high school in Bordeaux. Students were divided into three groups (direct feedback, indirect feedback and control group), and they performed two writing tasks. After receiving the corrections, they revised and rewrote their texts. The experimental groups outperformed the control group. An extensive engagement in feedback processing, generally promoted by indirect feedback, led to better results in text rewriting.
Secured Telepsychiatry for Geriatric Patients (TGP) in the Face of COVID-19 2ndWave
Authors: Dey Joydeep , Chowdhury Bappaditya , Sarkar Arindam , Karforma Sunil
Published: July 2021

A second wave of COVID-19 has immensely affected the entire community. In the face of COVID-19 second wave scenario, geriatric patients with allied morbidities are most vulnerable under the COVID-19 threats. They suffer a lot from different mental complications. In this manuscript, secured telepsychiatry for geriatric patients (TGP) services are being highlighted with patients’ data security. In most of the telepsychiatry systems, patients’ data are under intruders’ attacks that lead to different malpractices. The secret key that is used in telepsychiatry system should be robust and non-deciphered by the intruders during the public network transmission. More importantly, secured telepsychiatry services are the best option to serve the geriatric patients with patients’ confidentiality. Thus, the COVID-19 attacks on such geriatric patients can be curtailed with efficacy.
Impact of clinical supervision on job satisfaction and emotional competence of nurses
Authors: Rocha Inês Alves da Rocha e Silva , Pinto Cristina Maria Correia Barroso , Carvalho António Luís Rodrigues Faria de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of implementing the SafeCare clinical supervision model on nurses’ job satisfaction and emotional competence profile. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 28 nurses from a hospital in northern Portugal. A self-administered questionnaire was applied, used as pre and post-test, which included: sociodemographic and professional characterization; “Job Satisfaction Scale”; and “Veiga Emotional Competence Scale”. We conducted descriptive statistical analysis and the Wilcoxon Test. Results: A significant decrease in the nurses’ satisfaction with hierarchical superior was observed in the post-test. No significant differences were found in the nurses’ job satisfaction and emotional competence after the implementation of the SafeCare Model. Conclusion: The SafeCare Model needs improvement, suggesting increasing the amount of training time administered to nurses and strengthening the healthcare institution’s link to the Model.
STANDARD PRECAUTION ADHERENCE BY NURSING WORKERS: A MIXED METHODS STUDY
Authors: Cunha Quézia Boeira da , Freitas Etiane de Oliveira , Pinno Camila , Petry Karen Emanueli , Silva Rosângela Marion da , Camponogara Silviamar
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze standard precaution adherence and associated factors of nursing workers at a university hospital. Method: this is a study of mixed methods of convergent parallel strategy, carried out in Southern Brazil. The quantitative stage had 602 participants, using the instrument of sociodemographic and professional variables and the Instrument of Variables Related to Standard Precautions, analyzed using descriptive statistics. In the qualitative stage, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 24 workers, analyzed through content analysis. Results: the data showed an intermediate standard precaution adherence. In the Individual Factors dimension, the Prevention Effectiveness Scale showed high scores and the Risk Personality, Risk Perception and Knowledge about Occupational HIV Transmission scales, intermediate scores. In the dimension Work-related factors, both in the Obstacles to Following Standard Precautions Scale and in the Workload Scale, the scores were intermediate. In the Organizational Factors dimension, low scores were found for Climate of Safety and Training in Prevention of Exposure to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and intermediate for Personal Protective Equipment Availability. Qualitative data showed that workers often select patients who they think are at greatest risk for occupational transmission to use standard precautions. Conclusion: standard precaution adherence does not occur fully among participants. Data integration allowed to conclude that, among the main elements that influence this phenomenon, is the lack of clarity of participants as to the purpose, indication and principles of standard precautions.
MEMÓRIAS EM MOVIMENTO: HISTÓRIAS DA CASA TINA MARTINS NO COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO
Authors: Oliveira Thaís Zimovski Garcia de , Pereira Rafael Diogo , Carrieri Alexandre de Pádua , Correia Gabriel Farias Alves
Published: July 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as diversas histórias e memórias da Casa de Referência da Mulher Tina Martins. Para isso, partiu-se dos estudos qualitativos sobre história e memória nos Estudos Organizacionais baseados na virada histórica (historic turn), a qual visa ir além da produção de narrativas que utilizam o passado como ferramenta de reprodução das relações de poder do presente. Por meio de uma observação participante, foi construído um vasto material, como um caderno de campo, registros de eventos, fotografias e entrevistas individuais gravadas e transcritas. Esses resultados foram organizados em dois percursos temáticos principais: primeiro, apresentou-se o processo de criação da Casa, envolvendo as disputas políticas pelo seu espaço. Em seguida, foram trabalhados os sentidos presentes no cotidiano do grupo. Tendo em vista a construção de narrativas históricas diversificadas e processuais, foram propostas algumas reflexões críticas sobre a experiência da Casa, discutidas junto às integrantes, instigando, por meio das memórias, trabalhos históricos no campo dos Estudos Organizacionais.
Análise da dinâmica de redes dos atos de concentração econômica em empresas da área da saúde no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Luana Martins , Menezes João Paulo Calembo Batista , Ribeiro Mirian , Gonçalves Márcio Augusto , Souza Marcio Coutinho de
Published: July 2021

Resumo A promulgação da Lei nº 13.097/15 estendeu a possibilidade da participação de empresas estrangeiras na área da saúde no Brasil, até então acessível a apenas alguns setores, como o da saúde suplementar. Nesse contexto, o objetivo, no presente trabalho, foi caracterizar a dinâmica das redes de operações de atos de concentração econômica em hospitais e em planos de saúde no Brasil. Para isso, foram coletados dados nos processos disponibilizados no sítio do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade), organizados a partir da estrutura societária e da origem dos investidores (estrangeira ou nacional) e analisados com a utilização de software para análise de redes. Por meio da análise dos dados, foi identificada a realização de 93 atos de concentração econômica no período de 2009 a 2017 e a participação de 12 empresas estrangeiras com origem predominante nos Estados Unidos da América. Esses atos de concentração evidenciaram a formação de uma robusta rede composta por três grupos econômicos com controle societário predominantemente estrangeiro, bem como uma latente necessidade de que sejam estabelecidas políticas para analisar os riscos e os benefícios dessa nova realidade ao mercado da saúde brasileiro. Caso contrário, colocar-se-á à sorte os potenciais reflexos no sistema de saúde brasileiro.
Prácticas de evaluación en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje durante la pandemia COVID-19 y el regreso a la presencialidad
Authors: Picón Gerardo Armando , Rodríguez Nimia , Oliveira Abel Admen
Published: July 2021

La investigación se realizó en el marco del análisis de las prácticas de evaluación en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje durante la pandemia COVID-19 y el regreso a la presencialidad de estudiantes del Centro Educativo Superior María Serrana de Asunción en Paraguay. Fue un estudio de campo, no experimental de alcance descriptivo y transversal; con ello se buscó conocer la percepción de los estudiantes respecto a las actividades de evaluación durante la pandemia y la opinión de ellos sobre el regreso a las actividades escolares bajo la modalidad presencial. Se incluyó una población de 250 alumnos del Nivel Medio, obteniéndose la muestra mediante la aplicación de muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia y voluntario quedando integrada por 60 alumnos. El cuestionario fue elaborado en Google Forms y aplicado a través de correo electrónico con el consentimiento informado de los padres o representantes de los alumnos. Los resultados mostraron que existían diversas dificultades para una significativa evaluación de las prácticas docentes en entornos virtuales desde conexiones a internet hasta capacitación pertinente para el uso apropiado tanto de las TIC como de las herramientas que proporcionan éstas. En cuanto a las estrategias y actividades de evaluación como los informes escritos o pruebas orales señalaron los sujetos del estudio que eran poco desarrolladas con instrucciones poco claras y escasa retroalimentación. Fue muy positiva la percepción de los estudiantes por volver a clases presenciales ya que en las mismas podrían compartir con otros compañeros. Consideraron que como alternativas de prácticas de evaluación bajo la modalidad a distancia virtual se podían hacer proyectos colaborativos y realizar preguntas durante la clase. Se recomienda la capacitación en actividades de evaluación en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje para docentes, pero con enfoque participativo o de intervención.
Teleneuropsicología: Experiencia del Instituto Neurológico de Colombia durante confinamiento obligatorio por covid-19, año 2020
Authors: Montaña Luque Santiago , Lopera Vásquez Juan , Martínez Morales Danicza , Carvajal Castrillón Julián , Galeano Toro Luz M. , Rueda Nobmann María T. , García-Giraldo Ángela M. , Garzón Giraldo Luz Dey , Arias Ramírez Yaira , De La Torre Salazar Damaris , Carmona Castaño Luisa Fernanda , María Clara Jaramillo Jiménez  , Pérez Restrepo Paula , Castrillón Taba Margarita María , Uribe Lopera Adrián , Yibirín Peinado Carolina , Moreno Carrillo Carolina , Méndez Barrera Luis , Torres Bustamante Natalia , Vélez Córdoba Amelia , Madrid Loaiza Erika Andrea , Pizano Cardona Lukas , Dávila Plata Diana , Vergara Góez Esteffanía , Botero Guerra Natalia , Arboleda Ramirez Alejandra
Published: July 2021

Introducción: la ausencia de tratamientos específicos para COVID-19 ha promovido el diseño de estrategias en salud pública para reducir tasas de contagio y disminuir la mortalidad por el virus. En Colombia se decretó una cuarentena obligatoria a partir del 24 de marzo de 2020. Esta medida se convirtió en una oportunidad para la implementación de programas de consulta mediante telesalud, con el fin de continuar la prestación de servicios de salud. La Unidad de Neuropsicología del Instituto Neurológico de Colombia (INDEC) decidió instaurar un modelo de atención en neuropsicología mediante la metodología de telesalud. Métodos: en el presente artículo se exponen los detalles de esta experiencia, considerando y describiendo los aspectos administrativos, informáticos, clínicos, logísticos, éticos y legales. Resultados y conclusiones: esta modalidad de trabajo de una unidad de neuropsicología, revela que es posible capitalizar la madurez que se ha alcanzado en el campo clínico, tecnológico y administrativo, para generar transformaciones de forma rápida y que respondan de manera oportuna a las necesidades del medio.
Individuals’ quality of life in periodontal maintenance therapy - critical literature review
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Almeida Costa Amanda ,   Department of Periodontology. Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil., Oliveira Costa Fernando ,   Department of Periodontology. Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Published: July 2021

Oral health is an integral part of an individual’s general health, interfering with all dimensions of life: functional, aesthetic, psychological, social, physical, nutritional, and even psychosocial. Hence oral health is directly related to quality of life. Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases and one of the major causes of tooth loss, impacting negatively on self-reported individuals’ quality of life. Periodontal maintenance therapy aims to effectively minimize the recurrence of periodontal disease, as well as the incidence of tooth loss. In periodontal literature, studies associated with quality of life indicators, presented in the form of questionnaires aimed at measuring the impact of periodontitis and tooth loss on self-reported individual’s quality of life, highlight the "Oral Impacts on Daily Performance" (OIDP) and "Oral Health Impact Profile" (OHIP). As such, this study presents a critical review of the literature and describes the impact of periodontal disease and tooth loss on the quality of life of patients undergoing periodontal maintenance therapy.
Hidden Perils: Diagnosing Asymptomatic Disease Carriers
Authors: Löwy Ilana
Published: July 2021

COVID-19, a disease induced by SARS-CoV-2, became a worldwide pandemic while SARS, a disease induced by a closely related virus, SARS-CoV, was successfully contained. This is because COVID-19, unlike SARS, can be spread by people who do not display any symptoms of disease, either because they are in the early stages of the infection or because their infection remains clinically silent. This research article traces the complex history of the diagnosis of symptom-free (or asymptomatic) carriers of pathogens, a term inseparably linked to the rise of the laboratory diagnosis of pathogens. Only such a diagnosis can reveal that an apparently healthy individual harbours dangerous bacteria, parasites, or viruses. The article begins with the iconic story of ‘Typhoid Mary’, a New York cook found to be an asymptomatic carrier of typhoid fever microbes. It then discusses divergent approaches to the treatment of symptom-free carriers of hookworm and controversies around the screening of HIV carriers, especially before the development of anti-retroviral treatments. It concludes with a presentation of the debates on the role of asymptomatic carriers in the spread of COVID-19 and of the differences between the approaches of countries seeking to eliminate this disease, a goal that itself entails tracing and isolation of all asymptomatic carriers of coronavirus, and those trying to contain it, an approach that tolerates the presence of a limited number of ‘invisible’ virus carriers.
snmCAT_V1 v1
Authors: Wang Bang-An , Chongyuan Luo not provided , Ecker Joseph
Published: July 2021

To comprehensively assess the molecular phenotypes of single cells in tissues, we devised single-nucleus methylCytosine, Chromatin accessibility and Transcriptome sequencing (snmCAT-seq) and applied it to various sample sources, like culture cells, fresh/frozen mice tissues (brain, liver, pancreases etc) and postmortem human frontal cortex tissue.
La crítica literaria conservadora en Colombia entre 1930 y 1950
Authors: Monroy Zuluaga Leonardo Augusto
Published: July 2021

Este artículo interpreta algunas características de la crítica literaria conservadora en Colombia entre 1930 y 1950, enfatizando en las propuestas de Laureano Gómez, Antonio Gómez Restrepo y Rafael Maya. Para el análisis se retoma la categoría de “repertorio” de Itamar Even-Zohar, desde la cual se comprende el peso del ejercicio crítico en el circuito literario, al tiempo que ofrece un espacio para establecer diálogos entre varios estudiosos. El documento relieva la fuerte sujeción de los repertorios críticos conservadores especialmente a los principios religiosos y la importancia de la poesía clásica como forma mayor dentro de la jerarquía de los géneros.
Memoria colectiva e intertextualidad: las funciones mnemotécnicas de la tradición literaria en la narrativa de Juan Gabriel Vásquez y Héctor Abad Faciolince
Authors: Homann Florian
Published: July 2021

Este artículo trata la relación entre literatura, intertextualidad y memoria, temas dominantes en la narrativa de Vásquez y Abad Faciolince, profundizando en las funciones de la tradición literaria en el discurso memorístico. Se aplica la noción de los elementos intertextuales como figuras de memoria; según esta idea, un texto literario puede convertirse en símbolo de la memoria de una comunidad. En las novelas analizadas, unos poemas concretos desempeñan papeles centrales, poniendo de manifiesto que los intertextos cumplen funciones cruciales como medios de la memoria cultural: citar determinadas obras puede crear la sensación de recordar un pasado compartido, representado en la literatura.
Inocuidad y alertas alimentarias: una visión léxico-traductológica (inglés-español)
Authors: Leiva Rojo Jorge
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar la traducción de un tipo de texto, la alerta alimenta­ria, del que existen escasos trabajos hasta la fecha. Para ello, se ha compilado un corpus compuesto por más de 1200 alertas alimentarias de los Estados Unidos, escritas originariamente en lengua ingle­sa y traducidas al español. También se ha compilado un corpus de referencia con alertas alimentarias y textos relacionados procedentes de Colombia, España y México. Se han estudiado en primer lugar algunos aspectos generales (rasgos ortográficos, traducción de topónimos y traducción de unidades de medida), para seguidamente hacer un análisis de la traducción de las palabras clave más rele­vantes del corpus que guardan relación con la inocuidad alimentaria. Este estudio concluye que, en líneas generales, la traducción al español de los rasgos mencionados es adecuada, aunque las omisiones e imprecisiones, cualitativamente significativas, podrían comprometer la efectividad de las alertas, al tiempo que podrían poner en riesgo la salud de los consumidores.
Metodología para la traducción de términos compuestos mediante corpus
Authors: Cabezas-García Melania
Published: July 2021

Los términos compuestos son una de las principales dificultades en la traducción de los textos espe­cializados. Dado que estos términos no siempre figuran en los recursos terminológicos o lo hacen de forma poco exhaustiva, los traductores y terminólogos deben dominar diversas técnicas para resolver sus dificultades. Tradicionalmente, se han utilizado textos paralelos para extraer terminología y ad­quirir conocimientos especializados. Estos textos pueden compilarse en forma de corpus comparables (es decir, textos escritos originalmente en la lengua de origen y de llegada), que pueden utilizarse para explotar un mayor número de textos de manera más eficiente. No obstante, a menudo hay reticencia a su utilización, en algunos casos debido a la falta de conocimiento de las técnicas de consulta. En este estudio se describe una metodología para identificar en corpus comparables los equivalentes en inglés de los términos compuestos en español, con vistas a: 1) facilitar esta tarea en la labor cotidiana de los traductores y terminólogos; y 2) proporcionarles técnicas de extracción manual en corpus. Con este fin, analizamos un corpus comparable de textos especializados sobre energía eólica escritos originalmente en español e inglés. La metodología propuesta se basa en la semántica distribucional y consiste en la identificación y la comparación de elementos contextuales de los conceptos en ambos idiomas. Los resultados muestran que este procedimiento simplifica la identificación de equivalentes de los términos compuestos en corpus.
PREVENTION OF YATROGENIC DAMAGES OF THE LARYNGEAL NERVES IN TRADITIONAL AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE THYROID SURGERY
Authors: Romashchenko Pavel N , Maistrenko Nikolay A , Krivolapov Denis S
Published: July 2021

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of using the intraoperative neuromonitoring for conventional and minimally invasive surgical interventions on the thyroid gland for the prevention of the laryngeal nerve damage. Material and methods. For achieving this goal it was performed the retrospective analysis of surgical treatment of 310 patients with thyroid gland diseases, and 54 patients were selected, which were divided into 2 groups matched by sex and age, the nature of thyroid pathology and volume of surgical intervention: in the first (main, n = 27) operations were carried out using intraoperative neuromonitoring, in the second (control, n = 27) - visual monitoring of the laryngeal nerves was performed. The survey was performed according to the Russian and international clinical guidelines. Laryngoscopy was performed for all patients before operation and for patients with impaired phonation function - after it. «NIM-Neuro® 3.0» device with special armored endotracheal tubes preloaded with circular (detecting), as well as stimulating electrodes for searching and continuous monitoring of laryngeal nerves was used for intraoperative neuromonitoring during the operation. Results of the study. Traditional interventions were conducted on the 6 patients, minimally invasive nonendoscopic surgical - on 25, video-assisted - on 23. The exterior branch of the superior laryngeal nerve has found in 25 (92.6%) patients of the main group and 8 of the (29.6%) control group. Recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified in 27 (100%) patients of the 1st group and in 26 (96.3%) patients of the 2nd group by visual inspection. In the main group there are no cases of intraoperative fixation of the loss or signal attenuation during the laryngeal nerves monitoring, which is proved by the absence of single- and double-sided paresis of the larynx in the postoperative period. Only in 2 patients there was functional dysphonia on hypotonic type. In the control group the laryngeal dysfunction in the form of functional dysphonia (n = 1), paresis (n = 1) and paralysis (n = 1) has occurred in 3 patients. Conclusion. It has been found out that intraoperative neuromonitoring is an effective additional method of neural structures detecting, and it does not substitute the anatomic visualization of laryngeal nerves. intraoperative neuromonitoring in patients with high risk of complications (repeated operations on the thyroid gland, thyroid cancer with extrathyroidal proliferation and regional metastases) can reduce the incidence of paresis and paralysis of the larynx. All minimally invasive interventions on the thyroid gland should be accompanied by the intraoperative neuromonitoring of laryngeal nerves (8 figs, 1 table, bibliography: 15 refs).
REFORM OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Karaylanov Mikhail G , Rusev Iliya T , Borisov Dmitriy N , Bakanev Oleg Yu , Prokin Igor G
Published: July 2021

Explore the historical domestic experience of primary health care to the population of major cities, the establishment of this type of medical care as the main and the largest national healthcare system partition stages of the reform of primary health care to date, with a gradual transition to a system of health insurance in order to further increase the availability of and quality of care. Due to the recent modernization of the health system outpatient offices were equipped with modern innovative medical devices for the delivery of primary health care at a high level. In addition, historically proved the effectiveness of medical care at the district territorial principle, which defines and improves access to health care, with subsequent referral to narrow specialists (bibliography: 20 refs).
IVAN STEPANOVICH KOLESNIKOV: PIONEER IN THORACIC SURGERY (MARKING THE 115TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH)
Authors: Dzidzava Il'ya I , Dmitrochenko Ivan V , Apollonov Aleksander A , Kotiv Bogdan N , Iontsev Vyacheslav I , Barinov Oleg V , Dzhafarov Arif A
Published: July 2021

Ivan Stepanovich Kolesnikov (1901-1985) - Soviet surgeon, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Major General of the Medical Service, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1964); Hero of Socialist Labor (1976). Laureate of the Lenin Prize and the USSR State Prize. November 4, 1968 at the Department of Hospital Surgery Professor IS Kolesnikov, together with Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR Colonel-General of Medical Service A. A. Vishnevsky performed the first in our country heart transplantation (1 figs, bibliography: 15 refs).
The regenerative specificity of surgical wounds after tonsillectomia with chitosan implementation
Authors: Kokorina O. V. , Kasatkin A. N. , Dvoryanchikov V. V.
Published: July 2021

It was evaluated the processes of surgical wound in patients undergoing tonsillectomy with surgery of carbon dioxide laser laser. The chitosan application were characterized by significant anti-inflammatory effect, the earlier delimitation of the wound surface and the thicker fibrin layer on the wound surface. So, according to the visual analogue pain scale, the intensity of pain in patients who received a gel with chitosan for a postoperative wound was 24 on the 1st day, 67 on the 2nd day, 68 on the third day, on the 5th day – 45 points, on the 7th day – 4 points, on the 10 th day – 2 points. In patients in the group without chitosan, the intensity of pain was on the 1st day – 30 points, on the second day – 71 points, on the third day – 77,5 points, on the 5th day – 50 points, on the 7th day – 8 points, on the 10th day – 4 points. In general, the use of a gel with chitosan after bilateral tonsillectomy improves the process of tissue regeneration and wound healing. This is reflected in the time of healing and the severity of the pain, and also provides a more comfortable postoperative period and more rapid return patients to normal life. Thus, chitosan using is characterized by pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic action, and wound healing is faster.
Arm and forearm island axial flaps for the treatment of IV degree burns in the elbow joint area
Authors: Kichemasov S. H. , Skvortsov Yu. R.
Published: July 2021

Among the burns, the quantity of which in our country is substantially reducing, local burns of IV degree in the elbow area occur very seldom: one case in 2–3 years. The elbow joint has a complex structure; it has a thin soft tissue covering, particularly over the elbow olecranon and epicondyles. Joint exposure and bone damage, especially with conservative treatment, could lead to the development of purulent arthritis and ankylosis. Performing split skin grafting for integument restoration, even with surviving graft, gives poor functional results due to skin and bone adhesion. Using non-free skin plasty allows to save the joint, however this requires a fixed position for several weeks. This article discusses various types of replacements for limited deep defects after burns with bone damage in the elbow joint area, performed on 6 male patients by means of applying island axial flaps from the arm (lateral – 2), forearms (radial – 2; ulnar – 1; back – 1). Patient age: from 30 to 76 years. Burn etiolology: contact – 3, electrical – 2, flame – 1. Defects sizes: minimum 7–4 cm, maximum 13–-10 cm. The operations on integument restoration were performed within 3 to 6 weeks after the burn. In one case 2 weeks immobilisation with an external fixation was required. No arthritis developed. Satisfactory functional results received. No essential infringement of hand blood supply registered.The major drawback of all donor zones, which is particularly important for women, is a visible cosmetic defect as a result of using a free skin graft for donor wound plasty. Non-free skin plasty by temporary pedical flap – a reserve method.
Experience of the use of endovideosurgical technologies on ships of Russian navy
Authors: Solovyov I. A. , Zakrevsky Yu. N. , Surov D. A. , Balura O. V. , Peretechikov A. V. , Egorov S. I. , Ershov E. N.
Published: July 2021

Experience and the increasing dynamics of application of endoscopic and endovideo surgical surgeries on surface ships of Navy is considered in the last decade. Introduction of endovideosurgical technologies began to happen also to the practician of ship surgeons to larger intensity in recent years. Modern low-invasive technologies considerably increase the level of rendering the surgical help in the sea, improve quality of treatment, promote bystreyshy recovery of seamen and their return to execution of the official duties. The case of performance of laparoscopic endovideosurgical appendectomy by team of surgeons on the Russian aircraft carrier «Admiral Kuznetsov» is described during a fighting campaign in January, 2017. It is shown that performance of endovideosurgeries is possible in the conditions of the large surface ship. At the same time not only completeness of health service of the ship the necessary endovideosurgical equipment, but also existence onboard the expert owning a technique of laparoscopic interventions remains important aspect. In the conditions of distant campaigns by the ships of Navy at urgent situations it is necessary to expand the volume of endovideosurgeries for improvement of result of treatment of the injured military personnel in the sea. Constant improvement of skills of regular doctors of the ship and the affiliated surgeons from military hospitals is necessary.
Psychological adaptation of adults at loss of teeth and elimination of defects of dentitions with use of various designs of dentures
Authors: Iordanishvili A. K. , Tsygan V. N. , Volodin A. I. , Muzykin M. I. , Lobeiko V. V.
Published: July 2021

Features of psychological adaptation in the course of dental reabilitation of 106 patients (46 men and 60 women) aged from 45 up to 68 years suffering from loss of teeth are studied. It is established that during the losing of natural teeth and lack of the replacing dentures adults, experience difficulties which according to their self-rating, are caused by dysfunction of a mastication and esthetics of the person because of defects of dentitions, and also the psychological experiences bound to a negative esthetic self-rating of the person in general at loss of teeth. At the persons having comorbid pathology (a syndrome of a dry mouth) into the forefront at a self-rating them the health when losing teeth, along with mastication dysfunction, the large role is played by symptoms, according to the analysis of syndrome of psycho-sensory-anatomy-functional disadaptation, bound to feelings of the patient and their perception. With a favorable period of adaptation to dentures, including in the presence of comorbid pathology in patients, there is a positive dynamics in the value of the integral indicator of the severity of the syndrome, determined using the technique of psycho-sensory-anatomical-functional disadaptation. With difficult adaptation to dentures, due to an increase in the severity of symptoms related to the psychological and sensory clusters, reliable dynamics in the integrated index of the severity of the syndrome of psycho-sensory-anatomical-functional maladaptation, despite a decrease in the severity of symptoms in the anatomical and functional clusters. The conclusion is drawn that rational use in a clinical dentistry of a technique of the analysis of syndrome of psycho-sensory-anatomy-functional disadaptation will give the chance of its correction and will be one of the directions in rising of satisfaction of patients with quality of the dental care.
PERSPECTIVES OF USE OF MEDICINAL DRUGS IN PREFERRED SYRINGES
Authors: Golubenko Roman A , Andreev Oleg N , Andreeeva Olga G
Published: July 2021

The issue of the prospects of using prefilled syringes as a modern way of delivering drugs into the bloodstream and an innovative type of primary packaging at the same time is considered. A brief comparative characteristic of the form of parenteral medicinal products widely used in medical practice, including injectable solutions in ampoules, and also in syringes-tubes is given. It is noted that the improvement of this form of release is based on the need to minimize the risks associated with the contamination of the injection solution with the extemporal recruitment of the drug into the ampoule by medical personnel, as well as the risk of time deficit when it is necessary to provide assistance to the patient in the terminal state, the risk of damage during transportation. The reasons for introducing medicines into pre-filled syringes are introduced in the practice of military health care, the form of which meets the requirements of military medical supply (bibliography: 4 refs).
USING THE SYSTEM OF BIOMETRIC VIDEO ANALYTICS TO DETERMINE THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATE MAN
Authors: Dmitriev Pavel I , Oniksimov Alexander V , Melnik Anton V
Published: July 2021

In the presented material, a description of the hardware-software complex for assessing a person's psychophysiological state is given. Its main technical characteristics are indicated, including the ability for the user to fill the classifier with target templates that are to be identified in real time. The subject areas are indicated, in which the use of biometric video analytics systems is expedient for increasing the labor productivity of the corresponding specialist (bibliography: 15 refs).