CLINICAL CASE OF TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION DEVELOPED AS A RESULT OF PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Mahiliavets E.V. 
Published: February 2021

Non-cirrhotic causes of the development of portal hypertension make up about 10%. The factors leading to its development are the development of thrombosis in the portal vein system, occlusion due to pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, and other causes. Acute bleeding from esophageal varices is a formidable complication of portal hypertension, regardless of its etiology. The tactics of treatment and prevention of bleeding from esophageal varices in patients with portal vein thrombosis generally corresponds to that for intrahepatic portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis with some additions. Aim. Presentation of the results of clinical observation of an open Hassab operation (esophagogastric devascularization without esophageal transection + splenectomy) in a patient with portal vein thrombosis complicated by portal hypertension and esophageal varices, as well as a short literary excursion on this issue. Materials and methods. The patient was admitted to the surgical department with thrombosis of the portal, splenic and superior mesenteric veins complicated by subhepatic portal hypertension with splenomegaly, varicose veins of the esophagus and stomach of the 2nd-3rd degrees, left-sided hydrothorax, moderate anemia. Direct anticoagulants, antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors were used. Given the risk of bleeding from varicose veins of the esophagus and stomach, as well as existing necrosis in the spleen, Hassab operation (esophagogastric devascularization in combination with splenectomy) was performed at the fourth level of surgical management. Results. Despite ongoing therapy with antiplatelet agents, in 2 months after the operation the patient developed thrombosis of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins as well as recurrent left-sided hydrothorax. Conservative therapy has been successful. Relapse of esophageal varices bleeding was diagnosed in a patient 4 years after surgery, conservative and endoscopic hemostasis being successful. Acute thrombophlebitis of the saphenous veins of the right lower leg was diagnosed in the patient 9 years after surgery, it having been treated conservatively. Acute adhesive intestinal obstruction developed 11 years after surgery, conservative therapy was successful. Currently, the patient is being followed at the outpatient department, his condition being satisfactory and hydroxycarbamide, antiplatelet agents and non-selective betablockers being taken by him on a regular basis takes. Based on this clinical observation, it seems difficult to judge the effect of Hassab operation on the course of the disease in the described patient. However, it is worth noting a persistent increase in the level of platelets in the general blood test in the postoperative period, which could contribute to the recurrence of venous thrombosis in the patient. Conclusions. According to the current scientifically based recommendations in the treatment of these patients priority should be given to conservative and minimally invasive endoscopic and interventional X-ray endovascular techniques.