bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Sampling Precision for Native and Nonnative Fish in the Gila River Basin, New Mexico
Authors: Klein Zach , Zeigler Matt
Published: January 2025

Biologists commonly use standard sampling protocols to ensure that data are comparable spatiotemporally. Data also need to be precise to allow for statistically meaningful comparisons. However, the effort needed to precisely sample desert fishes is unclear. We used a resampling approach to evaluate the effort requirements needed to precisely sample fishes among six wadeable rivers in the Gila River basin, New Mexico. We evaluated the number of samples that are necessary to obtain relative density estimates that had 25% relative standard error 80% of the time. We also estimated the effort needed to precisely characterize species richness. Our results indicate that precisely sampling fish in the Gila River basin is difficult. Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis, Desert Sucker C. clarkii, Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster, and Speckled Dace Rhinicthyes osculus were generally the only species that could be precisely sampled. Characterizing the native species assemblage in the Gila River basin required between two and seven reaches, whereas the entire species assemblage could only be characterized in 50% of the study systems. The challenge of precisely sampling fish in the Gila River basin suggests that alternative sampling methods may be required to characterize changes in density or species distribution in desert Southwest systems.
Regulation of Joint Tissues and Joint Function: Is There Potential for Lessons to Be Learned Regarding Regulatory Control from Joint Hypermobility Syndromes?
Authors: Hart David A.
Published: January 2025

Normal development of joints starts in utero with the establishment of a cellular and extracellular matrix template. Following birth, individual joint tissues grow and mature in response to biochemical and mechanical signals, leading to a coordinated pattern of further maturation resulting in a joint that functions as an organ system. Each joint develops and matures as an organ system defined by the biomechanical environment in which it will function. For those with joint hypermobility syndromes, either defined by specific genetic mutations or not (i.e., Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Loey–Dietz syndrome, hypermobility-type Ehlers–Danlos syndrome), this process is partially compromised, but many aspects of joint tissue maturation and resulting joint function is retained such that the organs form and retain partial function, but it is compromised. Comparing the characteristics of what is known regarding development, growth, maturation, and response to stressors such as puberty, pregnancy, and aging in joints of those without and with joint hypermobility leads to the conclusion that in those that have hypermobility syndromes, the joint systems may be compromised via a failure to undergo mechanical maturation, possibly via defective mechanotransduction. Given the breadth of the mutations involved in such hypermobility syndromes, further characterization of this concept may reveal commonalities in their impact on tissue maturation, which will further inform regulatory aspects of normal tissue and functional integrity. This review/perspective piece will attempt to detail such comparisons and summarize how further study will aid in further understanding.
Learning to Cycle: Body Composition and Balance Challenges in Balance Bikes Versus Training Wheels
Authors: Mercê Cristiana , Catela David , Cordovil Rita , Bernardino Mafalda , Branco Marco
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Empowering our children and youth to cycle empowers them to pursue a healthier, fuller, and more responsible life. The present study implemented the Learning to Cycle program with the following aims: (i) to promote learning to cycle; (ii) to investigate and compare the use of different learning bicycles, i.e., balance bicycle (BB) and bicycle with training wheels (BTW); (iii) to investigate the influence of body composition during this learning process. Methods: The program was implemented through a quasi-experimental study involving two intervention groups, with pre- and post-test evaluations. The program was applied to 50 children (M = 5.82 ± 0.94 years, 23 girls) who did not know how to cycle previously. One group explored the BB and the other the BTW for six sessions, followed by four more sessions with the conventional bicycle (CB) for both groups. The assessment of independent cycling was considered as the ability to perform, sequentially and unaided, and the various cycling milestones: self-launch, ride, and brake. The children’s body composition was accessed by the BMI’s percentile and classification according to their age and sex. Results: The program had a success rate of 88.24% for acquiring independent cycling, with 100% success in the BB group and 76.92% in the BTW group. The BB children learned significantly faster to self-launch, ride, brake, and cycle independently. Children with higher BMI percentiles faced greater challenges in achieving balance milestones. Conclusions: BB are recommended, especially for overweight and obese children, as they help develop balance from the onset, and showed to be more efficient in learning to cycle than the BTW.
Recurrent Intestinal Angioedema with Normal C1-Inhibitor: A Case Report
Authors: Jevtic Dorde , Taylor Adela , Dumic Igor , Sviggum Erik , Nordstrom Charles W. , Antic Marina
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives: Angioedema is a non-pitting edema of the submucosal layer which can be acquired or inherited and usually presents with hives. Intestinal angioedema is rare and can mimic other acute gastrointestinal disorders. It is typically associated with a lack or dysfunction of C1-inhibitor, with a small number of cases having normal C1-inhibitor function. We present a rare case of chronic recurrent intestinal angioedema in a patient with normal C1-inhibitor function who did not respond to icatibant therapy. Case presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented with 3 days of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She denied a history of allergies and reported a 30-year history of similar episodes requiring hospitalization. Initial evaluation demonstrated normal C4 and C1 esterase inhibitor function with negative gastrointestinal bacterial and viral panel. A CT of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated acute diffuse bowel thickening and prominent mesenteric lymph nodes. MRI demonstrated inflammation of the small and large bowel. EGD and colonoscopy findings were normal. She was diagnosed with intestinal angioedema and started on icatibant without significant improvement. Her symptoms resolved after 3 days of supportive therapy and resolution of inflammation was noted on imaging. She was discharged home with allergy and immunology follow-up. Conclusions: Intestinal angioedema is under-recognized and presentation can overlap with other pathologies of the GI tract. Extensive work up is needed during the first episode of an attack and complement levels should be checked in all patients. Appropriate classification is important as it dictates therapy. However, ambiguous cases like ours sometimes cannot be classified into any specific category.
Demonstration of Quantum Polarized Microscopy Using an Entangled-Photon Source
Authors: Samad Mousume , Shimizu Maki , Hijikata Yasuto
Published: January 2025

With the advancement of non-classical light sources such as single-photon and entangled-photon sources, innovative microscopy based on quantum principles has been proposed for traditional microscopy. This paper introduces the experimental demonstration of a quantum polarization microscopic technique that incorporates a quantum-entangled photon source. Although the point that employs the variation in polarization angle due to reflection or transmission at the sample is similar to classical polarization microscopy, the method for constructing the image contrast is significantly different. The image contrast is constructed by the coincidence count of signal and idler photons. In the case that the coincidence count is recorded from both the signal and idler photons, the photon statistics resemble a thermal state, similar to the blackbody radiation, but with a significantly higher peak intensity in the second-order autocorrelation function at zero delay that is derived from the coincidence count, while, when the coincidence count is taken from either the signal or idler photon only, although the photon state exhibits a thermal state again, the photon statistics become more dispersive and result in a lower peak intensity of the autocorrelation function. These different thermal states can be switched by slightly changing the photon polarization, which is suddenly aroused within a narrow range of the analyzer angle. The autocorrelation function g2(0) at the thermal state exhibits a sensitivity that is three times higher compared to the classical coincidence count rate, and this concept can be effectively utilized to enhance the contrast of the image. One of the key achievements of our proposed method is ensuring a low power of illumination (in the order of Pico-joules) for constructing the image. In addition, the robustness without any precise setup is also favorable for practical use. This polarization microscopic technique can provide a superior imaging technique compared to the classical method, opening a new frontier for research in material sciences, biology, and other fields requiring high-resolution imaging.
A Disturbance-Observer-Based Prescribed Performance Control Approach for Low-Earth-Orbit Satellite Trajectory Tracking
Authors: Zhou Yitong , Chang Jing , Chen Weisheng
Published: January 2025

As the complexity of Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellite tasks and their performance requirements increase, higher demands are placed on satellites’ ability to track mission trajectories, including their accuracy, speed, and capacity to resist external disturbances during operation. This paper proposes an anti-disturbance prescribed performance control scheme for LEO satellites. The scheme establishes a unified framework to accommodate the high-performance requirements of satellite observation, while also incorporating a disturbance observer within this framework to counteract unknown external disturbances. Unlike existing trajectory tracking control methods, the proposed control scheme allows for the flexible selection of performance functions to adapt to diverse satellite performance demands. By focusing on the distance between tracking errors and the performance function, this approach avoids the performance boundary issues faced by traditional prescribed performance control, thus preventing excessive energy consumption by the LEO satellite. Additionally, within the proposed control framework, a disturbance observer is implemented to provide real-time compensation for unknown disturbances while ensuring minimal control input usage for disturbance rejection. Our experimental results show that the proposed control scheme achieves consistent performance for the LEO satellite and successfully accomplishes mission trajectory tracking, even in the presence of unknown disturbances.
Non-Uniform Voxelisation for Point Cloud Compression
Authors: Van hauwermeiren Bert , Denis Leon , Munteanu Adrian
Published: January 2025

Point cloud compression is essential for the efficient storage and transmission of 3D data in various applications, such as virtual reality, autonomous driving, and 3D modelling. Most existing compression methods employ voxelisation, all of which uniformly partition 3D space into voxels for more efficient compression. However, uniform voxelisation may not capture the underlying geometry of complex scenes effectively. In this paper, we propose a novel non-uniform voxelisation technique for point cloud geometry compression. Our method adaptively adjusts voxel sizes based on local point density, preserving geometric details while enabling more accurate reconstructions. Through comprehensive experiments on the well-known benchmark datasets ScanNet, ModelNet and ShapeNet, we demonstrate that our approach achieves better compression ratios and reconstruction quality in comparison to traditional uniform voxelisation methods. The results highlight the potential of non-uniform voxelisation as a viable and effective alternative, offering improved performance for point cloud geometry compression in a wide range of real-world scenarios.
Enhancing Security Operations Center: Wazuh Security Event Response with Retrieval-Augmented-Generation-Driven Copilot
Authors: Ismail  , Kurnia Rahmat , Widyatama Farid , Wibawa Ilham Mirwansyah , Brata Zilmas Arjuna , Ukasyah  , Nelistiani Ghitha Afina , Kim Howon
Published: January 2025

The sophistication of cyberthreats demands more efficient and intelligent tools to support Security Operations Centers (SOCs) in managing and mitigating incidents. To address this, we developed the Security Event Response Copilot (SERC), a system designed to assist analysts in responding to and mitigating security breaches more effectively. SERC integrates two core components: (1) security event data extraction using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods, and (2) LLM-based incident response guidance. This paper specifically utilizes Wazuh, an open-source Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) platform, as the foundation for capturing, analyzing, and correlating security events from endpoints. SERC leverages Wazuh’s capabilities to collect real-time event data and applies a RAG approach to retrieve context-specific insights from three vectorized data collections: incident response knowledge, the MITRE ATT&CK framework, and the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0. This integration bridges strategic risk management and tactical intelligence, enabling precise identification of adversarial tactics and techniques while adhering to best practices in cybersecurity. The results demonstrate the potential of combining structured threat intelligence frameworks with AI-driven models, empowered by Wazuh’s robust SIEM capabilities, to address the dynamic challenges faced by SOCs in today’s complex cybersecurity environment.
Imbalance Fault Detection of Marine Current Turbine Based on GLRT Detector
Authors: Zhang Milu , Chen Jutao , Yang Liu , Claramunt Christophe
Published: January 2025

Marine Current Turbines (MCTs) play a critical role in converting the kinetic energy of water into electricity. However, due to the influence of marine organisms, marine current equipment often experiences imbalance faults. Additionally, affected by the underwater environment, the fault characteristics are submerged in disturbances such as waves and turbulence. Against the background of the above problems, this article proposes a fault detection strategy based on a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) detector. Firstly, a simulation model of the MCT system is established to obtain prior knowledge. Then, combining the Matrix Pencil Method (MPM) for calculating instantaneous frequency, imbalance fault metrics are selected based on the proposed GLRT detector. At the end, the marine current turbine experimental platform is established, which can simulate imbalanced faults and environmental disturbances, helping to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The experimental results indicate that the proposed strategy can detect imbalanced faults in complex underwater environments. Imbalance faults are the main manifestation of blade attachments. Thus, it is very meaningful to accomplish fault detection in order to maintain the working order of the MCT system.
Research on Construction Control Measures for Enclosed Karst Tunnels
Authors: Zhang Miaoxin , Meng Wei , Zhang Xiaowei , Tang Guotao , Sun Caiyang , Zhang Xuefu , Liu Jun , Li Xinzhen
Published: January 2025

This study explores the water inrush phenomenon and its control measures during tunnel construction in enclosed karst geological conditions through a real case study. Using numerical simulation methods, the study investigates the variations in water level drawdown, drainage volume, and the changes in principal stress and displacement at four locations (arch waist, left arch waist, left arch foot, and arch bottom) during tunnel construction under three excavation methods (full-face excavation method (FFEM), bench excavation method (BEM), and reserved core soil excavation method (RCSEM)), six water head heights (122 m, 162 m, 202 m, 242 m, 282 m, 322 m), and five excavation advances (0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m). The results show that, compared to controlling excavation advance, water level drawdown and drainage volume are more sensitive to increases in initial water head height. The reserved core soil method results in the smallest drainage volume and water level drawdown, effectively controlling stress increase and significantly mitigating arch bottom uplift. The RCSEM has the smallest drainage volume, making it an ideal choice for ecological protection.
A Review of Advanced Soil Moisture Monitoring Techniques for Slope Stability Assessment
Authors: Yao Yongsheng , Fan Jiabin , Li Jue
Published: January 2025

Slope failures caused by changes in soil moisture content have become a growing global concern, resulting in significant loss of life and economic damage. To ensure the stability of slopes, it is necessary to accurately monitor the moisture content and understand the complex interactions between soil, water, and slope behavior. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of advanced soil moisture detection techniques for unsaturated soil slopes, including point-scale measurements and geophysical methods. It first introduces the fundamental concepts of the soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) and its influence on the shear strength and stability of unsaturated soil slopes. It then delves into the working principles and applications of various point-scale measurement techniques, such as time-domain reflectometry (TDR), frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR), and neutron probe methods. Additionally, this paper explores the use of geophysiDear Editor: The author has checked that the name and affiliation are accuratecal methods, including ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and electromagnetic induction (EMI), for the non-invasive assessment of soil moisture conditions and slope stability monitoring. This review highlights the advantages of integrating multiple geophysical techniques, combined with traditional geotechnical and hydrological measurements, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the subsurface conditions and their influence on slope stability. Several case studies are presented to demonstrate the successful application of this integrated approach in various slope monitoring scenarios. The continued advancement in these areas will contribute to the development of more accurate, reliable, and widely adopted solutions for the assessment and management of slope stability risks.
DEDICATION TO UKRAINE, PEDAGOGY, EDUCATION
Authors: Nychkalo N.
Published: January 2025

The article, based on personal memories of the administrative, scientific, and pedagogical activities of Academician Ivan Andriiovych Ziaziun, outlines the contribution of the scientist-pedagogue to the development of Ukrainian pedagogical education and subdisciplines of pedagogy, outlines the predictiveness of his philosophical and pedagogical ideas for Ukrainian education and pedagogical science. In the process of applying the biographical method, the narrative method, and prognostic analysis, the main factors of the professional ascent of I.A. Ziaziun's personality to the heights of pedagogical skill and scientific creativity, life facts about Ivan Andriiovych, and the experience of his research and managerial activities are summarized. The prospects for studying the academician's legacy, and projecting his important ideas in the field of modern pedagogical education, in the field of pedagogic, psychopedagogical research have been outlined. It is proven that the value of the scientific legacy of Academician Ivan Andriiovych Ziaziun lies in its interdisciplinary nature, the basis of which is the methodology of the philosophy of education in the vision of this outstanding Ukrainian scientist. Its roots are in the philosophy of the heart of Hryhorii Skovoroda, Panfil Yurkevych, in Ukrainian folk pedagogy, which found a vivid embodiment in the ideas, concepts, and methods of tens of thousands of teachers. At different historical stages, they gave education their intellect, mind, and inexhaustible love for the child, who grew up, stood on his feet, and, overcoming various disagreements, established himself in his personal life and professional activities.
It is stated that a deep understanding of modern problems of training future teachers and their professional development in the context of globalization and integration processes, creativity, concern, and a predictive approach contribute to the successful implementation of extremely valuable ideas of the concept of pedagogical mastery by I.A. Ziaziun. The scientific heritage of Academician I. Ziaziun is a real philosophical and pedagogical treasure for the further development of education and pedagogical science in Ukraine and other countries.
BACKGROUND AND MAIN TRENDS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA
Authors: Pidpalyi R. , Tsebriy I.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the economic, geographical, political, social, and cultural prerequisites for the University of Bologna’s establishment Relying, first of all, on the scientific works of Italian scientists, the authors show why the University of Bologna was the first to be formed in medieval Europe, which served as a solid basis for its emergence. Analyzing the above-mentioned sources, the authors of the article point to reverse and counter-trends in the process of formation of the university on its “secular” character. Thanks to the content-comparative method, internal parallels in the development of the first two European faculties, such as Bologna and Oxford, are drawn, and the differences between them are shown. The article also emphasizes the demand for professional graduates in the middle ages. The analysis of the economic, geographical, political, social, and cultural prerequisites of the early formation of the University of Bologna proved that each of the following prerequisites played an exceptional role: no trade routes, granting Bologna the status of a “free city”, inviting those who wanted to study there from other European cities and obtaining their citizenship there would be no University of Bologna on the border between the early and classical Middle Ages. The foundation for the future educational process was laid by the Roman school tradition, which did not succumb to the vagaries of time for a long time. A significant role was also played by the fact that in Bologna the nobility did not play a significant role, and the democratic life of the communes came to the fore. It was sharply different from the aristocratic privileges of other European cities. Among the trends that can be followed in the process of the formation of the University of Bologna (all its way from the School of Liberal Arts to the institution of higher education), we single out the reverse (the tendency to use grammatical and rhetorical knowledge, the use of all components of mathematical knowledge (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music), the preservation of individual disciplines of an artistic and practical nature) and the opposite (preservation of the poetic-musical form and change in its content, deepening the study of the basics of the study of canonical Roman law, in-depth study of grammar, Roman literature and rhetoric, in-depth study of medicine (in particular, surgery), the trend to the gradual transformation of old learning traditions into newer forms). This problem is complex and is not exhausted by the works that exist nowadays. We consider the usage of comparative pedagogy methods in the study of the Bologna Faculty of Philology and Theology with other European theological faculties to be a priority in the research.
ORGANIZATION OF CADETS’ INDEPENDENT LEARNING WHILE STUDYING PROFESSIONAL TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Vernyhora O.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the issue of organizing cadets’ independent while studying professional terminology. The need for individual study of professional vocabulary lies in the fact that in the course of their professional activities, future employees will use unambiguous and clear terms that will ensure a correct understanding of the content of documents and regulations, which will help to avoid mistakes. After all, the tasks’ success depends on the accuracy of the timing, particularly in crisis situations. There are several reasons for the need to learn military terminology. The state language is used in all regulations, orders, laws, and other official acts. To understand and accurately perform their duties, cadets have to be fluent in the language and terminology. Future officers or civil servants will interact with colleagues, superiors and citizens, so their professional communication must be at a high level. After all, the use of correct terminology and clear formulation of thoughts in the state language ensures effective communication and prevents misunderstandings. A perfect command of foreign and Ukrainian terminology is an indicator of a high level of competence and professionalism. This creates a positive image of a serviceman and civil servant both to colleagues and the public.
It is analyzed that independent learning contributes to cadets’ search activity, development of intellectual potential, and creative abilities. The objectives of independent learning that will help to expand students’ vocabulary, and learn to accurately and correctly use terms in both oral and written speech are outlined. The organization of cadets’ independent learning while studying professional terminology contributes to better consolidation of new material. It helps to assimilate the knowledge gained in lectures and practical classes, simulates conditions close to real-life situations in professional activities. It helps cadets to gain and develop confidence in their knowledge and skills, which is valuable for future military personnel and specialists in the field of state security. Independent learning is a significant tool for training cadets, which not only improves their knowledge and skills, but also forms responsibility, self-control and readiness to perform professional duties.
Experimental Evaluation of CLIP-Based Zero-Shot Classification of Imbalanced Remote Sensing Scenes: Addressing Quantity Disparities in Data
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir , Tanha Asfika Jaman , Iftee Shekh Ifteesham , Mahmud Tanjoy , Rahman Ekra MD Emadur , Maruf Hossain MD
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a zero-shot learning framework based on Contrastive Language Image Pretraining (CLIP) for Remote Sensing Scene Classification (RSSC). The proposed method addresses the challenge of imbalanced image quantities across different categories, which is often encountered in practical ap-plications. Traditional zero-shot learning methods in RSSC leverage pre-trained word embeddings to extract semantic features from category names or descriptions, which are then fixed during the learning process without adaptation to visual features. This leads to a gap between visual and semantic representations. We have integrated the Vision Transformer with CLIP to enhance the alignment between visual and semantic features. Extensive experiments conducted on WHU-RS19 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, show-casing improved classification performance and generalization capabilities.
Deep Learning-Based Sonar Image Object Detection System
Authors: Islam Md Shahazul
Published: January 2025

Sonar image object detection is an important part of underwater exploration, submarine rescue, hostile object reconnaissance, and other critical maritime tasks. Accurate and efficient detection of objects in sonar imagery plays a key role in ensuring operational success in these domains. The breakthrough of deep learning-related technologies has brought new opportunities for the development of sonar image object detection. By leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, researchers have developed systems capable of achieving higher accuracy and robustness compared to traditional detection methods. However, despite these advancements, the relevant systematic research and practical applications remain insufficiently explored. Traditional approaches often struggle with challenges such as noise, low resolution, and the dynamic underwater environment, which limit their effectiveness. In contrast, deep learning models, with their data-driven advantages, have demonstrated significant potential in overcoming these challenges by learning robust feature representations from large-scale datasets. To address these gaps, a sonar image object detection system is designed to meet the requirements of accuracy, speed, portability, extensibility, and deployment adaptability in real-world scenarios. The system architecture is modular, consisting of three interdependent subsystems: dataset generation, algorithm model training and testing, and model deployment. The dataset generation subsystem ensures high-quality annotated sonar data, which is critical for effective model training. The training and testing subsystem incorporates state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms to optimize detection performance. Finally, the deployment subsystem focuses on translating the trained models into practical applications, ensuring they meet operational requirements under diverse environmental conditions. The system has been applied to underwater suspicious object detection tasks, addressing a range of scenarios requiring precise identification and localization of targets. The experimental results demonstrate that the object detection system achieves reliable and accurate performance, providing good test data and exhibiting excellent application outcomes. This work contributes to advancing the field of sonar image object detection, paving the way for future innovations in underwater exploration and related disciplines.
EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA FITER PASIR AKTIF DALAM MENURUNKAN KADAR MANGAN PADA AIR BERSIH di PT X
Authors: Iqbal Muhamad , Mulyati Sri Slamet
Published: January 2025

Pencemaran air bersih di PT X disebabkan oleh kadar mangan yang melebihi batas aman, mencapai 2,01 mg/L, yang berpotensi membahayakan kesehatan pegawai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas ketebalan media filter pasir aktif dalam menurunkan kadar mangan pada air bersih di PT X. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen dengan desain post-test with control group design. Jenis eksperimen ini melibatkan pengujian perlakuan tertentu, dengan tiga variasi ketebalan media filter pasir aktif (60 cm, 80 cm, dan 100 cm), serta 6 kali pengulangan untuk setiap perlakuan. Pasir aktif dipersiapkan melalui pencucian, pengeringan, dan pemanasan pada suhu 700-750°C selama 2 jam. Setelah digunakan, media pasir dibersihkan melalui backwash untuk menjaga performa optimal selama pengujian. Hasil pemeriksaan menggunakan metode spektrofotometer menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan 100 cm paling efektif, menurunkan kadar mangan hingga 97,67%, diikuti ketebalan 80 cm dengan 86,19%, dan ketebalan 60 cm dengan penurunan 47,97%. Uji ANOVA mengindikasikan perbedaan signifikan dalam penurunan kadar mangan antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan, dengan ketebalan 100 cm memberikan hasil signifikan (F = 22,054, p = 0,003) dan ketebalan 60 cm menunjukkan nilai F tertinggi (F = 481,201). Ketebalan media filter memainkan peran penting dalam efektivitas penurunan mangan, dengan ketebalan 100 cm terbukti paling optimal. Direkomendasikan untuk menggunakan ketebalan 100 cm untuk memastikan kualitas air bersih di PT X sesuai standar kesehatan, sekaligus meningkatkan kualitas air dan kesehatan pegawai.
Machine Learning Approach to Investigating Macrophage Polarization on Various Titanium Surface Characteristics
Authors: Chen Changzhong , Xie Zhenhuan , Yang Songyu , Wu Haitong , Bi Zhisheng , Zhang Qing , Xiao Yin
Published: January 2025

Objective:
Current laboratory studies on the effect of biomaterial properties on immune reactions are incomplete and based on a single or a few combination features of the biomaterial design. This study utilizes intelligent prediction models to explore the key features of titanium implant materials in macrophage polarization.
Impact Statement:
This pilot study provided some insights into the great potential of machine learning in exploring bone immunomodulatory biomaterials.
Introduction:
Titanium materials are commonly utilized as bone replacement materials to treat missing teeth and bone defects. The immune response caused by implant materials after implantation in the body has a double-edged sword effect on osseointegration. Macrophage polarization has been extensively explored to understand early material-mediated immunomodulation. However, understanding of implant material surface properties and immunoregulations remains limited due to current experimental settings, which are based on trial-by-trial approaches. Artificial intelligence, with its capacity to analyze large datasets, can help explore complex material–cell interactions.
Methods:
In this study, the effect of titanium surface properties on macrophage polarization was analyzed using intelligent prediction models, including random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and multilayer perceptron. Additionally, data extracted from the newly published literature were further input into the trained models to validate their performance.
Results:
The analysis identified “cell seeding density”, “contact angle”, and “roughness” as the most important features regulating interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor α secretion. Additionally, the predicted interleukin 10 levels closely matched the experimental results from newly published literature, while the tumor necrosis factor α predictions exhibited consistent trends.
Conclusion:
The polarization response of macrophages seeded on titanium materials is influenced by multiple factors, and artificial intelligence can assist in extracting the key features of implant materials for immunoregulation.
Lipid Nanoparticle Delivery System for Normalization of Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Vascular Structure
Authors: Ha Heejin , Choi Yonghyun , Kim Na-Hyeon , Kim Jiwon , Jang Jaehee , Niepa Tagbo H. R. , Tanaka Masayoshi , Lee Hee-Young , Choi Jonghoon
Published: January 2025

Tumors grow by receiving oxygen and nutrients from the surrounding blood vessels, leading to rapid angiogenesis. This results in functionally and structurally abnormal vasculature characterized by high permeability and irregular blood flow, causing hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Hypoxia exacerbates the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), further perpetuating abnormal vessel formation. This environment compromises the efficacy of radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, we developed a pH-sensitive liposome (PSL) system, termed OD_PSL@AKB, to co-deliver oxygen (OD) and razuprotafib (AKB-9778) to tumors. This system rapidly responds to the acidic TME to alleviate hypoxia and inhibit VEGF secretion, restoring VE-cadherin expression in hypoxic endothelial cell/cancer cell cocultures. Our findings highlight the potential of OD_PSL@AKB in normalizing tumor vasculature and improving therapeutic efficacy.
Smart Contact Lenses: Disease Monitoring and Treatment
Authors: Pan Meidie , Zhang Zhuohao , Shang Luoran
Published: January 2025

Smart contact lenses (SCLs), an innovative evolution of conventional contact lenses, have recently attracted increasing attention for their substantial potential for use in the healthcare field. With advancements in materials science and medical technology, SCLs have integrated electronic information technology with biomedical engineering to enable the incorporation of various medical functionalities. Recent developments have focused on applying SCLs to provide intelligent, efficient, and personalized healthcare solutions in the surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic ocular surface inflammation, glaucoma, and diabetes complications.
THE EFFECT OF EARLY BREAST CANCER DETECTION EDUCATION WITH VIDEO ON WOMEN’S KNOWLEDGE OF RESTLESS AGE ABOUT BSE
Authors: Aprillia Lola , Fitriahadi Enny
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer is a condition where irregular breast cells proliferate uncontrollably and create tumors. The DIY Health Service conducts prompt identification of breast cancer every year through the Clinical Breast Examination program at least in Kulon Progo Regency 1.4%. The aim of the research was to assess the impact of video education on early breast cancer detection on the awareness of women of reproductive age regarding BSE. The approach utilized in the research was Cross Sectional, with a preliminary experiment research type utilizing a single group pre-test post-test research framework. The sampling technique used in this study was probability sampling with a nonparametric statistical test with the Wilcoxon match pair test technique. The results of the research on the early identification of breast cancer education with videos on the knowledge of women of childbearing age about BSE with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence and there is an increase before and after being given education about breast cancer with videos regarding the understanding of women of reproductive age about BSE at the Pengasih I Health Center Kulon Progo.
Role of Socs1 variants and Socs3 expression levels in interleukins production in asthma
Authors: Makttoof Hanya Bachay , Al-Ali Shereen , Alabadi Hadi Lazim
Published: January 2025

Asthma is a heterogenic chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. Asthma is highly prevalent in Basrah city. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SOCS (SOCS1 & SOCS3) at the molecular level on the production of several cytokines (IL-6, IL-17 and IL-31) in asthma. The current study included a total of 80 participants, 54 asthmatic patients and 26 heathy controls. The levels of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-31 were estimated by ELISA while the SOCS1 gene polymorphism -1478 CA>del (rs33989964) was detected by RFLP-PCR. In addition, SOCS3 expression was estimated by qRT-PCR. The findings shown that the genotype del/del was significantly associated with asthma in the codominant model while CA/CA and CA/del genotype were significantly associated with asthma in the recessive model. The CA/del genotype was significantly associated with asthma in the over dominant model. The expression of SOCS3 was elevated non-significantly in asthma patients (4.28±1.41) while healthy control groups was 1. The highest level of SOCS3 expression was found in association with the CA/del genotype. The expression of SOCS3 did not have any effect on IL-6 level, while it had a slight effect on IL-17 in the CA/del genotype. The expression of SOCS3 has a clear effect on IL-31 in all SOCS1 genotypes. In conclusion, the heterotypic genotype CA/del plays important role in both the expression of SOCS3 and the production of IL-31 during asthma.
Resiko Ergonomi Pengolahan Kripik Balado Menggunakan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment
Authors: Adha Parlan Hariyono
Published: January 2025

Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are complaints in certain muscle parts that are often experienced by workers. Some jobs that can be the cause of MSDS such as jobs that are done repeatedly, work for a long time with no changing positions. This research adopts a survey methodology, and primary data is collected for analysis. The data source for this study is the Habil Snack SME. The measurements conducted in the study revealed that six work postures were categorized as high risk. These included activities such as opening cassava, washing cassava, cassava carving, mixing chili, packaging, and weighing. On the other hand, five work postures, namely cassava cutting, frying, brushing, pressing, and packing, were classified as medium risk. The purpose of this study is to determine the work posture in the activity of making Balado chips from the Habil Snack Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and to find out the proposed form of improving work posture so that the operator feels comfortable at work. The type of research in this study is a survey. The type of data in this study is primary data. The source of the data in this research comes from UKM Habil Snack. The results of the measurements carried out can be concluded that there are 6 work postures with high categories, namely opening cassava activities, washing cassava activities, cassava carving activities, mixing chili activities, packaging activities, and weighing activities. While the other 5 work postures are in the medium category, namely cassava cutting activities, frying activities, brushing activities, pressing activities, and packing activities are in the medium category.
Theoretical Psychology of Personogenesis: Place in the System of Fundamental Sciences of Man
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Belov V.V. , Belova E.V. ,   Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The review article attempts to define the place of theoretical psychology, which studies the problem of personogenesis, in the system of fundamental human sciences. The research problem is formulated. A solution is proposed based on the author's anthropological system-evolutionary natural science approach.

Materials and methods. The research materials were scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors, in which the problem of a unified system of human sciences and the place of psychology in this system are explicitly studied. Theoretical research methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of materials presented in scientific literature, their systematization.

Results. The definition of the place of theoretical psychology of personogenesis in the system of fundamental sciences about man was based on the anthropological system-evolutionary natural-scientific approach. The anthropological principle as an ontological component of the anthropological system-evolutionary natural-scientific approach defines man as an objectively existing reality. This principle is the starting point in the knowledge of personogenesis. The evolutionary principle specifies the content of man. Four qualities of man were identified: organism, individual, subject of activity, personality. The concept of "human metamorphosis" is proposed, which is understood as a fundamental transformation in the ontogenesis of human qualities, which is manifested in their consistent change from an organism to an individual, a subject of activity and to a person. The systemic natural-scientific view made it possible to understand personogenesis as a single process of human systemogenesis, as a complication of a living self-organizing system from an organism as a self-regulating homeostatic system through an individual as a goal-oriented system and a subject as a self-determining goal-oriented system to a person as a self-developing system. Discussion and conclusion. The anthropological systemic-evolutionary natural-scientific approach made it possible to identify four human qualities: an organism, an individual, a subject of activity, a person, and also to find a common basis for these four human qualities: Such a common basis is human systemogenesis - the development of a person, presented as a transformation of systems from a self-regulating homeostatic system through a goal-oriented and self-determining system to a self-developing system. Defining the place of theoretical psychology of personogenesis, it can be argued that this direction is part of theoretical psychology, which is included in the system of fundamental sciences about man and plays the role of a tool for synthesizing a single homogeneous knowledge about man.
Friend of the Enlightenment: 320th Anniversary of Ivan Ivanovich Betskoy's Birth
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Romanenchuk K.V. , Sedova N.V. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Fedorova N.M. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Preparing for the 320th anniversary of I. I. Betskoy's birth, taking into account his enormous contribution to the development of national education in Russia in the 18th century and the continuing interest in his socio-pedagogical experiment, we conducted a study in order to identify new data to the biography, life and work of the most educated person of his time, using materials created by I. I. Betskoy and his contemporaries and published in the 70-90s of the 18th century; to new archival sources and works of authors who studied the pedagogical legacy of the associate of Catherine II. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it presents an analysis of pre-revolutionary works, the first of which appeared in the 19th century. These are the works of N. Mikhailovsky, I. A. Chistovich, A. P. Pyatkovsky, N. F. Miller and others about the life and work of I. I. Betskoy, about the institutions opened in Russia thanks to his efforts and significant funds that he gave to charity, especially to the development of educational institutions.

Materials and methods. Source study methods were used - analysis and synthesis, which allowed us to identify, select, analyze and interpret historical and pedagogical sources.

Results. The results of the study provide new data on the biography and activities of I. I. Betskoy, value judgments of researchers of his experience and pedagogical heritage. The source study synthesis on the pedagogical system created by I. I. Betskoy is used: P. M. Maikov believed that the system forms "useful citizens"; A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky noted the eclecticism of Betsky's views – a mixture of the ideas of Locke, Rousseau and Helvetius; according to N. K. Makkaveisky – "an ideal dreamy system" characterized by "artificiality of constructions". P. F. Kapterev called the leading ideas in Betskoy's pedagogical system "about the supremacy of the heart in the spiritual nature of man, about its superiority over reason".

Discussion and conclusion. The source-based synthesis of judgments about the pedagogical system created by I. I. Betsky allows us to conclude: in the studies of the post-revolutionary period, the pedagogical concept of I. I. Betsky is presented as a humanistic paradigm for the development of Russian education.