bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Relationship Between Life Events and Internet Addiction Disorder Among Adolescents and College Students: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jun , Peng Wei , Hao Qinghong , Qiu Mimi , Chen Yalin , Tu Yang , Wang Yang , Zhu Tianmin
Published: August 2020

Background The increasing number of adolescents and college students who overuse the Internet is a global problem, brought a series of physical and mental harm to them. Systematic and standardized clinical treatment plan has not yet been formed, early intervention of its influencing factors, However, may help to reduce the symptoms of over-dependence to a certain extent. In this study, we will synthesize the present studies to evaluate the relationship and the mediating factors between life events and internet addiction disorder among adolescents and college students. Methods From inception to 25 March 2020, and contains the following databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wan Fang Data, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, MEDLINE. All observational studies will be included. No restriction on gender, race, or nation. Two reviewers (JW and YT) will independently conduct study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment, any discrepancies will be settled by a third author (WP). Study quality will be assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The main outcome is several scales include YDQ, CIAS-R, IAT, ASLEC, LES and other high-quality scales on IAD and life events. We will use Review Manager 5.3 software to assess bias risk and data synthesis of each study.DiscussionThe findings of this study may provide a helpful reference for the intervention of Internet addiction disorder among adolescents and college students.Systematic review registrationCRD42020177316
Electromagnetic-Guided Versus Endoscopic Placement of Nasoenteral Feeding Tubes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wei Yaping , Jin Zheng , Zhu Ying , Hu Wei
Published: August 2020

Objectives: Current evidence supporting the utility of electromagnetic (EM)-guided method as the preferred technique for nasoenteral feeding tube placement is limited. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the performance of EM-guided versus endoscopic placement.Methods: We searched several databases for all randomized controlled trials evaluating the EM-guided vs. endoscopic placement of nasoenteral feeding tubes up to 28 July 2020. Primary outcome was procedure success rate. Secondary outcomes included reinsertion rate, number of attempts, placement-related complications, tube-related complications, insertion time, total procedure time, patient discomfort, recommendation scores, length of hospital stay, mortality, and total costs. Results: Four trials involving 536 patients were qualified for the final analysis. There was no difference between the two groups in procedure success rate (RR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.91-1.03), reinsertion rate (RR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.59-1.20), number of attempts (WMD -0.23; 95% CI: -0.99-0.53), placement-related complications (RR 0.78; 95% CI: 0.41-1.49), tube-related complications (RR 1.08; 95% CI: 0.82-1.44), total procedure time (WMD -18.09; 95% CI: -38.66-2.47), length of hospital stay (WMD 1.57; 95% CI: -0.33-3.47), ICU mortality (RR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.50-1.29), in-hospital mortality (RR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.59-1.28), and total costs (SMD -1.80; 95% CI: -3.96-0.36). The EM group was associated with longer insertion time (WMD 4.3; 95% CI: 0.2-8.39), higher patient discomfort level (WMD 1.28; 95% CI: 0.46-2.1), and higher recommendation scores (WMD 1.67; 95% CI: 0.24-3.10).Conclusions: EM-guided placement showed similar efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness when compared with endoscopic placement of nasoenteral feeding tubes.
Multiple population structure of the giant eel Anguilla marmorata in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam base on COI sequences
Authors: Linh Nguyen Quang , Huyen Kieu Thi
Published: August 2020

The giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata is a species of great economic, ecological, and conservative values in the Southeast Asian region. The research aims to conservation and evaluation of the genetic diversity of A. marmorata populations living in Thua Thien Hue (TTH), Vietnam. The sequencing of the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene was carried out for 48 individuals of A. marmorata elvers, which were collected from five different ecosystem regions. The sequences were analyzed using various genetic, phylogenetic, and population analyses to assess their variability. A total of 20 polymorphic sites and 17 haplotypes were identified. Extremely low fixation (Fst = -0.073 – 0.003; < 0.05) was found for A. marmorata populations in the region. The populations showed signs of recent populations’ expansion, besides negative Tajima’s D test, Fu’s Fs, Fu and Li’s D* and F* test values. The genetic evolution of eel occurs in a randomized pattern over a large population, with the likelihood of rare alleles appearing in the population. In TTH (Viet Nam) territories, we indicated the five areas for conservation units with moderate eels’ populations’ diversity.
A Multicenter Validation Study of the Deep Learning-based Early Warning Score for Predicting in-hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Admitted to General Wards
Authors: Lee Yeon Joo , Cho Kyung-Jae , Kwon Oyeon , Park Hyunho , Lee Yeha , Kwon Joon-Myoung , Park Jinsik , Kim Jung Soo , Lee Man-Jong , Kim Ah Jin , Ko Ryoung-Eun , Jeon Kyeongman , Jo You Hwan
Published: August 2020

Background: The recently developed deep learning (DL)-based early warning score (DEWS) has shown a potential in predicting deteriorating patients. We aimed to validate DEWS in multiple centers and compare the prediction, alarming and timeliness performance with those of the modified early warning score (MEWS) to identify patients at risk for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult patients admitted to the general wards of five hospitals during a 12-month period. We validated DEWS internally at two hospitals and externally at the other three hospitals. The occurrence of IHCA within 24 hours of vital sign observation was the outcome of interest. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) as the main performance metric.Results: The study population consisted of 173,368 patients (224 IHCAs). The predictive performance of DEWS was superior to that of MEWS in both the internal (AUROC: 0.860 vs. 0.754, respectively) and external (AUROC: 0.905 vs. 0.785, respectively) validation cohorts. At the same specificity, DEWS had a higher sensitivity than MEWS, and at the same sensitivity, DEWS had a lower mean alarm count than MEWS, with nearly half of the alarm rate in MEWS. Additionally, DEWS was able to predict more IHCA patients in the 24 to 0.5 hours before the outcome.Conclusion: Our study showed that DEWS was superior to MEWS in the three key aspects (IHCA predictive, alarming, and timeliness performance). This study demonstrates the potential of DEWS as an effective, efficient screening tool in rapid response systems (RRSs) to identify high-risk patients.
CPAP Use in Covid-19 Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study in the Emergency Department.
Authors: Capsoni Nicolo , Privitera Daniele , Mazzone Annamaria , Airoldi Chiara , Angaroni Laura , Forni Elisa , Pierotti Federico , Rocca Eugenia , Bergamaschi Marta , Albertini Valentina , Molin Alberto Dal , Vincenti Fabrizio , Bellone Andrea
Published: August 2020

BackgroundDuring COVID-19 outbreak, with the increasing number of patients presenting with acute respiratory failure (ARF), a large use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) was done in the Emergency Departments (EDs) and medical wards despite the lack of recommendations. We aimed to assess the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the ED. The primary endpoint was the rate of CPAP failure and the need of endotracheal intubation (ETI). Secondary endpoints were in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) and in-hospital length of stay. Study design and MethodsA retrospective observational study enrolling adult patients admitted to the ED of Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy, with ARF due to COVID-19 pneumonia from March 18th to April 18th 2020, was conducted. Only patients who strictly followed a local CPAP protocol were enrolled. ResultsA total of 52 patients were included in this study. 38 patients (73%) were judged eligible for ETI. 18 (34.6%) were intubated. 16 (30.8%) patients died: 7 (38.9%) and 9 (26.5%) in the ETI and non-ETI group respectively. The median hospital length of stay was different in ETI and non-ETI patients: 26 days [IQR 16-37] vs 15 days [IQR 9-17] (p=0.005). The median invasive mechanical ventilation time was 11 days [IQR 7-21] with an ICU length of stay of 14.5 days [IQR 10-28]. During the CPAP trial, variations between ETI and non-ETI patients over time were found for positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (p=0.003) and respiratory rate (RR) (p=0.059).ConclusionsA short closed monitored CPAP trial could be considered for ARF due to COVID-19 pneumonia before considering ETI. A progressive PEEP titration should target patient’s SpO2 improvement and RR reduction. More studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and predictors of failure of CPAP and NIPPV in patients with ARF due to COVID-19 pneumonia.
Fitbit data show poor correlation with measures of activity and sleep among hospitalized general medicine patients
Authors: Wu Robert Clark , Patel Vikas , Moosa Sabreena , Langer Laura , MacMillan Thomas E. , Cavalcanti Rodrigo B. , Cram Peter , Gunaratne Keith , Bayley Mark
Published: August 2020

BackgroundWearable devices such as Fitbits may provide important insights about hospitalized patients that include data on low activity and poor sleep. Monitoring this information could spur interventions to improve mobility and sleep which may reduce the adverse effects associated with hospitalization. However, there is a lack of studies assessing the accuracy of wearables in hospitalized medical patients. The purpose of our study was to determine the accuracy of Fitbit heart rate, sleep and physical activity in hospitalized medical patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort feasibility study enrolling 50 medical inpatients at two hospitals providing them with a Fitbit Charge. Our main measures were Fitbit heart rate, sleep and activity data as well as nurse recorded heart rates, patient reported sleep, and nurse assessments of activity.ResultsOf the 50 patients who consented to the study, 47 patients wore the devices. Comparing pairs of heart rate data from Fitbit and nurse recorded vital signs for the same minute, there were 261 pairs available for comparison. The mean difference was 0.45 bpm (SD: 13.0, Pearson correlation: 0.68 P<0.001) and the 95% limits of agreement were -25 to 26 bpm. The association between the patient-reported sleep score and Fitbit total sleep duration was 0.19 (P=0.24) and between the self-reported hours of sleep and Fitbit total sleep duration was 0.21 (P=0.21). The correlation between nurse-recorded activity and Fitbit daily steps was 0.06 (P=0.52). ConclusionsFitbit heart rates correlated well with nurse-recorded heart rate but did not correlate well with nurse assessments of activity nor with patient self-assessment of sleep. This study highlights limitations of the accuracy of current wearable wrist-worn device algorithms in activity and sleep detection in patients in hospital. The findings call into question the validity of Fitbits for assessment of patient activity and sleep in the hospital setting and suggest that they should not be routinely used without further validation.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03646435
WITHDRAWN: Early Post-partum Glucose Intolerance, Metabolic Syndrome and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Determinants After Assisted Conception: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kouhkan Azam , Hosseini Roya , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Arabipoor Arezoo , Cheraghi Rezvaneh , Moini Ashraf , Malekzadeh Farideh , Khamseh Mohammad E.
Published: August 2020

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of postpartum metabolic syndrome (MetS), glucose intolerance and other determinants, 6-12 weeks postpartum in women with assisted reproduction technology conception gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosis (ART-GDM) compared to women with spontaneous conception and GDM diagnosis (SC-GDM).Methods: In this prospective cohort study, two groups consisted of 62 ART-GDM and 64 SC-GDM singleton pregnant women were followed 6-12 weeks after delivery for postpartum MetS. Fasting glucose, 75-g 2-h OGTT and lipid profile were assessed. Waist and hip circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) were measured at post- partum. Clinical, para clinical and obstetric data were recorded from registry offices. The prevalence of MetS and glucose intolerance were determined. Predictors of Mets and glucose intolerance were determined by logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of postpartum MetS was 20.8% in ART-GDM women and 10.9% in SC-GDM, P=0.123). Mean postpartum BMI and systolic BP were significantly higher in the ART-GDM group (P=0.016 and P=0.027, respectively). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly higher in the ART-GDM group. Postpartum glucose intolerance prevalence did not vary significantly between the groups. Family history of diabetes was a predictive factor for postpartum MetS and glucose intolerance 6-12 weeks after delivery.Conclusions: Early postpartum MetS and glucose intolerance prevalence after assisted conception did not vary significantly; however, postpartum BMI and systolic BP were significantly higher in the ART-GDM group. Lifestyle modification program and long-term health care of ART women with GDM diagnosis can be recommended. Further studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are necessary to verify our findings.
Maternal Factors of Newborn Low Birthweight in Malaria Endemic Settings of Nanoro, Rural Burkina Faso
Authors: Lingani Moussa , Zango Henri S. , Valéa Innocent , Valia Daniel , Sanou Maïmouna , Samandoulougou Sékou O. , Robert Annie , Tinto Halidou , Dramaix Michèle , Donnen Philippe
Published: August 2020

Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) strategy is recommended to limit malaria consequences on birth outcomes. Ten year after IPTp-SP was adopted in Burkina Faso, we assessed the magnitude of low birthweight (LBW) and its maternal factors in Nanoro.Methods. A secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional study was carried out in women who gave birth at Nanoro peripheral health centers using a binary multivariate logistic regression. Maternal socio-demographic factors, gyneco-obstetrical history and relevant medical characteristics were evaluated to identify associated factors. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. Of 291 delivery records examined, 14 % of women received three or more doses of SP while 80% used bed nets the night before their admission for delivery. Malaria was detected in 36.1% and anemia in 52.9% of women. The average neonate birthweight was 2933 g and 12 % of them were born with a low birthweight. After multivariate analysis, first delivery (OR = 8.84, [95% CI: 3.72-21.01]), and being multiparous with history of stillbirth (OR = 5.03, [95% CI: 1.54-16.40]) were significantly associated with an increased risk of LBW.Conclusion. LBW is still prevalent in rural Nanoro and the uptake of three or more doses of SP for the IPTp was low. In addition, to improving the coverage of IPTp-SP to improve birthweight, an extension of the target of antenatal care to other known causes of LBW including curable sexually transmitted infections may be necessary.
Novel role of AGT gene in aplastic anaemia among paediatric patients based on gene expression profiling
Authors: Adhikari Sarmistha , MANDAL PARAMITA
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesSevere aplastic anemia is characterized by a hypocellular bone marrow and peripheral cytopenia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) development and the microenvironment suitable for haematopoiesis. Investigation of the therapeutic targets by paediatric patient-specific gene expression analysis of the MSCs can be important for diagnosis.MethodsThe study was based on freely available miRNA and host gene expression in NCBI GEO dataset. Microarray based gene expression profiles (GSE33812) of MSCs for five paediatric aplastic anaemia patients and healthy controls were generated using Agilent-014850 platform and the data was downloaded from the database.ResultsMSCs gene expression profiling distinguished between healthy controls, children with aplastic anemia. Angioteninogen (AGT) gene involved in ERK1/ERK2 cascade, cyotokine secretion, metabolic processes was strongly down-regulated among all the patients with aplastic anemia. Emerging role of various transcription factors binding to this gene was identified as a new avenue of therapeutic application.ConclusionsAs a potential diagnostic tool, patient-specific gene expression profiling of MSCs made it possible to make the difficult diagnosis of most patients with aplastic anemia.
Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19 Disease; Exploring the Experiences of Infected Health-Care Providers.
Authors: Toulabi Tahereh , Veiskramian Atefeh , Azadi Abas , Heydari Heshmatolah
Published: August 2020

Background: Covid-19 is a novel disease with many unknown clinical and managemental dimensions. To effectively diagnose, control, and treat the disease, it is required to divulge its clinical symptoms and their qualities. On the other hand, no one can better interpret the clinical symptoms than the caregivers infected by the disease. So, the aim of this study was to exploring the experiences of infected health-care providers about clinical manifestations of Covid-19 disease.Methods: The present qualitative research was conducted using the conventional content analysis method in Iran from March to Jun 2020. Participants in this study included infected health care providers with Covid-19, who were selected based on purposeful sampling method. The data was collected by 18 phone call interviews and analyzed according Lundman and Graneheim approach.Results: Qualitative data analysis revealed 10 categories including respiratory disorders, fever and chills, body pain, fatigue, headache, skin disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, taste and olfactory disturbances, insomnia and also stress and anxiety.Conclusion: Patients with Covid-19 may experience specific or non-specific disorders. It is necessary to consider people with non-specific manifestations as suspicious cases and screen them with proper diagnostic tests. This can help to identify true positive patients and provide them with more effective health cares, and prevent further spread of the disease by isolating suspected individuals.Trial registration number: Not applicable
Monitoring the Nitrogen Nutrition Status of Rice Plants Using Spectral and Image Technologies
Authors: Chun Ye , Jizhong Liu , Ying Liu , Yanda Li , Zhongsheng Cao , Huang Huang
Published: August 2020

Background: We aimed to investigate methods to estimate the nitrogen (N) nutrition status of rice plants using data obtained using a digital camera and a spectroradiometer. The overall aim was to compare the advantages and potential of image technology and spectral technology to monitor rice N indexes accurately, inexpensively, and in real time to optimize fertilization strategies. We conducted field trials of rice plants grown with different levels of N fertilizer in 2018 to 2019. Spectral information and images of the rice canopy were obtained at the jointing stage and the booting stage. Various image and spectral characteristic parameters were selected to construct models to estimate rice N status. Results: The determination coefficients of the models constructed using the ratio vegetation index (RVI[800,720]) and cover canopy (CC) as dependent variables were highly significant. The jointing stage was the best observation period. Among the models using spectral parameters, those constructed using RVI[800,720] to estimate rice N indexes had the highest coefficient of determination (R2) values (0.79, 0.60, and 0.61 for the models to estimate leaf area index(LAI), aboveground biomass(AGB), and plant N accumulation(PNA), respectively) (P < 0.01). Among the models using image data, those using CC to predict rice N indexes showed the highest R2 values (0.76, 0.66, and 0.73 for the models to estimate LAI, AGB, and PNA, respectively) (P < 0.01). The model using the spectral parameter RVI[800,720] had a good fit and stability in estimating leaf area index (LAI; R2 = 0.7989, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.4427, relative RMSE (RRMSE) = 11.45), and the model using the image parameter CC had a good fit in predicting plant nitrogen accumulation (PNA; R2 = 0.6768, RMSE = 11.6925 g·m-2, RRMSE = 121.78). Conclusions: Spectral and image parameters can be used as technical parameters to estimate biomass. The spectral parameter RVI[800,720] can be used to accurately estimate LAI, and the image parameter CC can be used to accurately estimate PNA, although its stability is poor. These technical parameters can be used for fast and non-destructive monitoring of rice plant biomass.
Machine Learning Prediction Models Based on Hub Genes Related to Immune Phenotypes in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Li Peiheng , Chen Zhi-Xin , Wang Dong , Zheng Zhi , Ji Zhi-Gang
Published: August 2020

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent cancer in the world. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a more aggressive subtype with higher morbidity and mortality. ICB therapy has shown potential for treating MIBC, but is limited due to the lack of predictive biomarkers.Methods: 1601 MIBC transcriptomic profiles were obtained from 10 datasets. Unsupervised clustering of immune phenotypes in MIBC were performed based on immune-related signature genes. We analyzed the characteristics including immune microenvironments, metabolic pathways, and survival rates in different phenotypes. Multi-omic analysis and WGCNA were performed to identify hub genes distinguishing phenotypes related to prognosis. A model was established and CART was employed to predict the response of patients treated with ICB.Results: Of various immune phenotypes, cluster 3C was the most “inflamed” subcluster with the best prognosis, while cluster 1A was associated with “non-inflammation” and worse prognosis. WGCNA analysis identified 5 hub genes related to the survival rate of patients, IFNG, CXCR6, IL2RB, LCK, and PSMB10, which were utilized for prognostic score model and decision tree analysis. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curves predicting 5-year endpoint generated from the risk-based prediction model were 0.652. The mean accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CART for predicting stable disease/progressive disease were 70.1%, 70.0% and 71.7%.Conclusions: The 5 hub genes and generated models showed the potential for predicting the prognosis for patients receiving ICB therapy. The molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of the hub genes require further studies in the future.
MiR-744 facilitates non-small cell lung cancer progression by direct transcriptional regulation and indirect MAPK pathway activation mediated upregulation of C-FOS
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxia , Li Shangbiao , Li Na
Published: August 2020

Background: Metastasis is the leading cause of lung cancer associated death. Here, we focused on the function and molecular mechanism of miR-744 and its potential clinical application in lung carcinoma. Methods: The clinical cohort and data from TCGA were analyzed for the correlation of miR-744 and outcomes. Multiple NSCLC cell lines and a xenograft model were applied for the functional studies. Reporter assays were explored for transcriptional regulatory mechanism.Results: It was confirmed that the overexpression of miR-744 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in NSCLC. Both in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that miR-744 overexpression aggravated the growth, invasion and metastasis of NSCLC cells. MiR-744 enhanced the resistance of lung cancer cells to radiotherapy and paclitaxel. MiR-744 positively regulated C-FOS by directly binding to the promoter of C-FOS and -1195 to -1227 and -298 to -323 bp upstream of C-FOS gene were the direct and efficient miR-744 binding sites. MiR-744 could also indirectly upregulate c-FOS protein by activating MAPK pathway.Conclusion: Our findings uncover the function and a novel mechanism of miR-744 in mediating growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Our data suggests that miR-744 may serve as a possible therapeutic target for NSCLC.
Controllable spin switch in a single-molecule magnet tunneling junction
Authors: Zhang Zhengzhong , Liu Hao
Published: August 2020

A new type of spin-current filter is proposed, which consists of a single-molecule magnet (SMM) coupled to two normal metal electrodes. It is shown that this tunneling junction can generate a highly spin-polarized current, whose spin polarization can be switched by the magnetic field and gate voltage applied to the SMM. Such a spin switching in the SMM tunnel junction arises from the spin-selected single electron resonant tunneling via the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit of the SMM. And the electron current spectrum in absences of external magnetic field is still spin-polarized, which can help us to judge if the molecule’s spin state has reach to the ground-state doublet |±S). This device can be realized with current technologies and may have practical use in spintronics and quantum information.PACS numbers: 72.25.-b, 75.50.Xx, 85.75.-d
Geological Characteristics of Close Geographical Related Vineyards Influence Microbiomes of Two Soil Depth Profiles With Potential Impacts on Wine Quality
Authors: Nerva Luca , Moffa Loredana , Giudice Gaetano , Giorgianni Alessandra , Tomasi Diego , Chitarra Walter
Published: August 2020

Background The role of soil microbiomes in agriculture is now becoming more and more important, leading to definition of plants as complex organisms formed by the plant itself plus the microbes inhabiting its tissues, the surface of every organ and the ones living adhered or in proximity of the roots. In this context it is important to define the factors able to influence the composition of such microbial communities. In addition, as already demonstrated, the microbial community associated to a specific soil is able to predetermine the health status of the crops in the future. For this reason, we decided to investigate how the soil geological characteristics can influence the microbial community associated to the close geographical related vineyard.Results We decided to analyse a calcarenitic and a marly-limestone soil which are both typical of the viticulture in the Menfi area (Sicily, Italy). Moreover, since vineyard is a semi-anthropic environment we decided to investigate both the top (10-20 cm) and deep (120 cm) soil layers as anthropic influenced and almost-undisturbed soil respectively. Interestingly we observed that, despite the close geographical proximity, the soil microbiomes were slightly different and that in addition, the soil geological characteristics are able to influence the root distribution and the accumulation of both pathogen- and symbiont-related genera. Furthermore, sensory profiles of the Grillo wines obtained from the two different soils confirmed the tight link between soil origin and wine traits.Conclusions In contrast to what observed in other works we pointed out that the geological characteristics of soils can have an important influence on soil microbial composition and assemblage in close geographical related vineyards, with a potential effect on wine features. Furthermore, defining the microbial composition of agricultural soils it’s a crucial step to achieve a more sustainable agriculture and viticulture. In this optic, the observed link between the geological characteristics and the microbiome profiles need to be taken into account when considering a soil for the successful establishment low chemical input agriculture practices.The SRA accession numbers of the NGS reported in this paper are deposited in NCBI under the BioProject PRJNA655455; BioSample SAMN15735114 and SAMN15735115; SRA accession SRR12436974 and SRR12436973
Functional Traits and Adaptation Mechanisms of Eucalyptus Species in the Congo
Authors: Ekomono Chrissy Garel Makouanzi , Loubassou Castella bath Shéba Vitel , Mbama Mavie Parfait , Panzou Grace Jopaul Loubota , Vigneron Philippe
Published: August 2020

Background: Adaptation is not only effective by considering the survival of plants, but also by taking into account the traits that support adaptation to environmental changing. Local adaptation occurs because different environmental factors impose different selective pressures across habitats. Understanding the ecophysiological mechanisms underlying survival and growth in plants is crucial for establishing the reasons trade-offs are associated with adaptation.Methods: A comparison provenance test of 29 species of Eucalyptus were used to understand the adaptation strategies on the coastal plains of Pointe-Noire, in the Republic of the Congo. Survival, growth traits and leaves functional traits was jointly measured. Climatic traits of the species origin areas were also studied. Cluster analysis was performed to group species according to their growth strategy.Results: The results suggest that species would be able to survive under current environmental change by adjusting their specific leaf area plasticity. The cluster analysis suggests a subdivision of the 29 species into four groups. The first cluster brings together E.pilularis and E.peltata, with the lowest growth and the lowest specific leaf area. This cluster contains two species totally unsuited to the local conditions of Pointe-Noire. The second cluster contains species with a wide variety of responses as to their growth strategy, and are able to adapt to the local conditions. The third cluster includes a species are specialized in acquiring high proportions of resources while investing very little in growth. The fourth cluster groups the species with a very slow strategy of acquiring and using resources. Leaf anatomy is quite responsive to climatic conditions. Conclusion: By evaluating all aspects of strategies, Eucalyptus species have shown great variation in their functionnal traits and this may explains their diverse ecological range.
Energy Spectrum CT Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Calcification and Ossification of Adult Intervertebral Disc: A Report of three Cases
Authors: Wu Xiaolin , Xiang Hongfei , Cong Wenbin , Zhang Guoqing , chen bohua
Published: August 2020

BackgroundCalcification of adult intervertebral disc is a rare clinical disease, and its imaging diagnosis directly affects the formulation of the operation plan. In this study, three cases are used to illustrate that the application of energy spectrum CT as the preoperative diagnosis can better reflect the pathological situation and structure of the focus, further helping with preoperative judgment. Case presentationWe report two cases of idiopathic calcification of adult thoracic intervertebral disc. In addition to Routine CT and MRI before the operation, energy spectrum CT was taken to produce analytical diagnosis of the lesions. According to the results, the surgical resection mode was determined. The postoperative confirmation was highly consistent with the image diagnosis. Likewise, a case of posterior margin of vertebral body and ossification of intervertebral disc was selected for the same diagnosis procedure, and the two were compared for differentiation.ConclusionIn the illustration that the texture of the vertebral canal presser being uncertain, the energy spectrum can identify the calcium type of the presser, as well as the atomic number histogram being able to fix the absolute content value and the distribution rule of calcium. Meanwhile, the calcium-water astigmatism map can resolve the calcium deposition mode, with better estimation of the focus presser hardness.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Michael Reaction of Coumarin-3- Carboxylic Acids with N-heterocycles Triggered by C-H Bond Functionalization
Authors: Xun Shanshan , Jia Lina
Published: August 2020

Rhodium-catalyzed hydrocarbon bond activation of N-heterocycles and decarboxylative Michael
addition with coumarin-3-carboxylic acids has been well achieved. Various N-heterocycles substituted
3,4-dihydrocoumarin could be easily provided with excellent chemo- and regioselectivity in
good to excellent yields. A class of functional groups on N-heterocycles and coumarin-3-carboxylic acids
is compatible with this process. A stoichiometric amount of Zn(OAc)2 is necessary for the high
yield of products.
A Review on Different Analytical Techniques for Determination of DNP Drugs and their Metabolites in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Bag Puja , Kumar Bhupinder
Published: August 2020

Background:

Neuropathy is the most common perplexity of diabetes type 1 and 2.
About 50% of diabetic patients develop diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). At the beginning of diabetic
neuropathy, there is a loss of sense, especially in the lower limb, accompanied by pain, and
difficulty in movement. Glucose regulation effectively prevents the development of diabetic neuropathy
in type 1 diabetic patients, but the consequences in type 2 diabetic patients are more drastic.

Introduction:

No single treatment exists to prevent or renovate the pain caused by diabetic neuropathy.
The drugs used for the treatment of DNP come in various formulations and with different storage
conditions. To date, a number of analytical methodologies have been reported for the analysis
of DNP drugs. Few reports are published describing analytical methods of single DNP drugs.

Methods:

The main objective of this review is to compile the different analytical methods developed
at UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometer, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography),
and LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry) to identify and quantify the
drug content in various formulations, which are used to treat or prevent the diabetic neuropathic
pain mainly focusing on γ-aminobutyric acid analogues, anti-depressants, Serotonin Noradrenaline
Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), aldose reductase inhibitors, opioids, and dietary supplements.

Results and Discussion:

We have compiled UV-Vis, HPLC, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass
spectrometry analytical methods developed to study the pharmacokinetic profile, quantify drug content,
and their metabolites in plasma as well as pharmaceutical formulations.

Conclusion:

The authors believe that the mentioned studies in the report will help audible readers
to select a suitable method for analysis of these drugs and also help researchers to develop a more
convenient, fast, and sensitive method for these.
Impact of Climatic Variations on Drug-induced Skin Reactions in Two Different Regions of India
Authors: Deb Tirthankar , Ghosh Abhishek , Dalai Chanchal Kumar , Rani Neha
Published: August 2020

Background:

Around 2-3% of hospitalizations have been reported due to dermatological
adverse drug reactions. Recent studies suggest that climatic variations affect the skin barrier
function and extreme conditions aggravate skin disorders.

Objective:

The present study was designed to compare the impact of climatic variations on drug-induced
skin reactions in the Northern and Eastern regions of India.

Methods:

We performed a one-year retrospective study to evaluate the impact of climatic variations
(temperature and humidity) on drug-induced skin reactions in the Eastern (Kalyani, West Bengal)
and Northern (Karnal, Haryana) regions. Drug-induced skin reactions were reported month--
wise in both the Eastern and Northern regions. Temperature and humidity levels were also noted
month-wise in both regions. The direct correlation between climatic variations and the number of
drug reactions were assessed using Pearsonˈs correlation and quadratic regression analysis.

Results and Discussion:

Overall, 99 and 81 dermatological adverse drug reactions were reported
in tertiary care hospitals in the Northern and Eastern regions, respectively. During the summer season,
the humidity level was found to be low in the Northern region as compared to the Eastern region.
During this period, drug-induced skin reactions were reported significantly (p<0.05) more in
the Northern region as compared to the Eastern region. Furthermore, quadratic regression analysis
revealed that climatic variations contributed to drug reaction variability in the Northern region
(68.5%) and Eastern region (23.5%).

Conclusion:

Therefore, the difference in the prevalence of drug-induced skin reactions may be related
to the different climatic conditions among these two regions. Further studies in controlled climatic
conditions should be performed for definitive correlations and to look into possible solutions.
Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Hardened Fe-Al-Mn Grinding Ball
Authors: Kartikasari Ratna , Subardi Adi , Susiana Anita
Published: August 2020

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the effect of hardening temperature on microstructure, wear and corrosion resistance of Fe-Al-Mn alloy grinding ball.

Methods:

Hardening process was carried out at 900oC, 950oC, 1000oC, 1050oC and 1100oC, held for 60 minutes and cooled using SAE 20 oil. Tests included chemical composition, SEM-EDS, wear and corrosion resistance test.

Results:

Chemical composition test results show that this alloy is high alloy steel because it contains 3.6% aluminum (Al), 13.6% manganese (Mn) and 1.1% carbon (C). Microstructures found are austenite, ferrite and kappa. EDS test results show that in the austenite phase, C decreased when hardening temperature increased. Ferrite phase contains Mn which increased when hardening temperature increased while C was the other way around. Mn is relatively stable in the kappa phase. The best wear and corrosion resistance (4.3 x 10-7mm2/kg and 0.00026 mm/yr) of hardened Fe-Al-Mn grinding ball occurred at 900oC. The corrosion rate is extraordinary.

Conclusion:

Microstructures of the Fe-Al-Mn alloy grinding ball after the hardening process are austenite, ferrite and kappa.
Application of Geographical Information System Techniques to Determine High Crash-Prone Areas in the Fort Peck Indian Reservation
Authors: Nazneen Sahima , Rezapour Mahdi , Ksaibati Khaled
Published: August 2020

Background:

Historically, Indian reservations have been struggling with higher crash rates than the rest of the United States. In an effort to improve roadway safety in these areas, different agencies are working to address this disparity. For any safety improvement program, identifying high risk crash locations is the first step to determine contributing factors of crashes and select corresponding countermeasures.

Methods:

This study proposes an approach to determine crash-prone areas using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques through creating crash severity maps and Network Kernel Density Estimation (NetKDE). These two maps were assessed to determine the high-risk road segments having a high crash rate, and high injury severity. However, since the statistical significance of the hotspots cannot be evaluated in NetKDE, this study employed Getis-Ord Gi* (d) statistics to ascertain statistically significant crash hotspots. Finally, maps generated through these two methods were assessed to determine statistically significant high-risk road segments. Moreover, temporal analysis of the crash pattern was performed using spider graphs to explore the variance throughout the day.

Results:

Within the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, some parts of the US highway 13, BIA Route 1, and US highway 2 are among the many segments being identified as high-risk road segments in this analysis. Also, although some residential roads have PDO crashes, they have been detected as high priority areas due to high crash occurrence. The temporal analysis revealed that crash patterns were almost similar on the weekdays reaching the peak at traffic peak hours, but during the weekend, crashes mostly occurred at midnight.

Conclusion:

The study would provide tribes with the tool to identify locations demanding immediate safety concerns. This study can be used as a template for other tribes to perform spatial and temporal analysis of the crash patterns to identify high risk crash locations on their roadways.
Ultra-Low Loss Mg2TiO4 Based Dielectric Ceramics for Microwave Applications: An Overview
Authors: Bhuyan Ranjan Kumar
Published: August 2020

For several decades, temperature stable, medium permittivity, and low loss dielectric ceramics have been used as resonators, oscillators, filters, and GPS patch antennas for microwave communication systems. Various microwave dielectric ceramics have been proposed and widely used in telecommunication industries. Among the most interesting materials of that kind, magnesium orthotitanate (Mg2TiO4) is recognized as one of the most promising low loss microwave materials, which played an important role in the field of microwave and millimeter wireless communication industry. It was found that by modifying the Mg2TiO4 compound with other materials, their microwave dielectric properties have changed tremendously. The main purpose of this review is to gather information about Mg2TiO4 - based low loss dielectrics used for microwave applications. The study also helps the researchers and technologists to get compact information for Mg2TiO4 -based compounds all over the world.
Identification of Drug Candidates for Breast Cancer Therapy Through Scaffold Repurposing: A Brief Review
Authors: Selvaraj Jubie , Prabha Thangavelu , Yadav Neetu
Published: August 2020

Conventional drug discovery is a time consuming and expensive expedition with less clinical preference achievement proportion intended for breast cancer therapy. Even if numerous novel approaches to the conformation of drugs have been introduced for breast cancer therapy, they are yet to be implemented in clinical practice. This tempting strategy facilitates a remarkable chance to take the entire benefit of existing drugs. Despite drug repurposing significantly decrease the investigational period and cost, it has got many objections and issues. Scaffold repurposing is an approach that procures a novel significance on the decrepit motto of “to commencement with a pristine drug” . Hence, we move into a probable and nearer approach, the exploitation of scaffolds, which was originally developed for other purposes, including anti-tumor activity. In this review, we summarize different drugs and scaffolds used in breast cancer therapy.
To Study the Spread Curve of Corona Virus in India
Authors: Amit Patnaik , Anita Sinha , Vinay Oraon , Kumar Srivastava Anjani , Jyoti Kumar
Published: August 2020

Background:

Surprisingly, all the developed countries across the world are reeling under
death due to the Coronavirus infection cases (COVID 19), but a developing country like India with the
second largest population still here, the casualty is very less and recovery rate is very high due to the
strong immunity of the people, vaccination regime for other diseases and hot and humid condition of the
country.

Objective:

Yet, the greatest number of cases are in the State of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Karnataka,
Gujrat, Uttar Pradesh, and Telangana the Western, Central, and Southern part of the country surprisingly
the Eastern part of the country have a less number of active cases and also the mortality except
for West Bengal.

Conclusion:

In the State of Jharkhand very less number of active cases i.e., 2785 and mortality is only
49, is there any role of geographical condition or there is some strong genetic form so that the inhabitants
have very strong immune resistance to develop the infection initiated by the virus. In this review,
these questions are in focus and may be solved.
A Mobile App (FallSA) to Identify Fall Risk Among Malaysian Community-Dwelling Older Persons: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kaur Ajit Singh Devinder , Goh Jing Wen , Shaharudin Muhammad Iqbal , Shahar Suzana
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Recent falls prevention guidelines recommend early routine fall risk assessment among older persons.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to develop a Falls Screening Mobile App (FallSA), determine its acceptance, concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, discriminative ability, and predictive validity as a self-screening tool to identify fall risk among Malaysian older persons.

METHODS

FallSA acceptance was tested among 15 participants (mean age 65.93 [SD 7.42] years); its validity and reliability among 91 participants (mean age 67.34 [SD 5.97] years); discriminative ability and predictive validity among 610 participants (mean age 71.78 [SD 4.70] years). Acceptance of FallSA was assessed using a questionnaire, and it was validated against a comprehensive fall risk assessment tool, the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA). Participants used FallSA to test their fall risk repeatedly twice within an hour. Its discriminative ability and predictive validity were determined by comparing participant fall risk scores between fallers and nonfallers and prospectively through a 6-month follow-up, respectively.

RESULTS

The findings of our study showed that FallSA had a high acceptance level with 80% (12/15) of older persons agreeing on its suitability as a falls self-screening tool. Concurrent validity test demonstrated a significant moderate correlation (r=.518, P<.001) and agreement (k=.516, P<.001) with acceptable sensitivity (80.4%) and specificity (71.1%). FallSA also had good reliability (intraclass correlation .948; 95% CI .921-.966) and an internal consistency (α=.948, P<.001). FallSA score demonstrated a moderate to strong discriminative ability in classifying fallers and nonfallers. FallSA had a predictive validity of falls with positive likelihood ratio of 2.27, pooled sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 64%, and area under the curve of 0.802.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that FallSA is a valid and reliable fall risk self-screening tool. Further studies are required to empower and engage older persons or care givers in the use of FallSA to self-screen for falls and thereafter to seek early prevention intervention.