bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shunt infection and malfunction in patients with myelomeningocele
Authors: White Michael D. , McDowell Michael M. , Agarwal Nitin , Greene Stephanie
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

Myelomeningocele (MMC) is frequently complicated by symptomatic hydrocephalus, necessitating early permanent CSF diversion and revision surgeries. Shunt infections are a common cause of shunt malfunction. This study aims to characterize long-term shunt-related outcomes of patients undergoing MMC closure.

METHODS

A total of 170 patients undergoing MMC closure between the years of 1995 and 2017 were identified from a retrospective review of a prospectively populated surgical database at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh. Patients who underwent MMC closure and required ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion met criteria and were included in the primary study analysis. Analysis with a Fisher exact test was performed for categorical variables, and Mann-Whitney U-tests were utilized for numerical data.

RESULTS

Of the 158 total patients undergoing MMC closure and meeting inclusion criteria, 137 (87%) required VP shunt insertion. These 137 patients demonstrated a shunt revision rate of 21.1% per person-year and a shunt infection rate of 2.1% per person-year over a mean follow-up of 10.8 years. Patients had a mean of 3.4 ± 0.6 shunt surgeries prior to their first infection. Patients undergoing immediate shunt removal, external ventricular drain placement, or shunt replacement after clearing the infection had lower rates of subsequent infections than patients who initially were managed with shunt externalization (p < 0.001). Placement of a shunt at the time of MMC closure was not found to be a risk factor for infection. Of patients with initial shunt placement after the implementation of the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network protocol in 2011, the authors’ institution has had a shunt infection rate of 4.2% per person-year and a revision rate of 35.7% per person-year.

CONCLUSIONS

This study describes long-term outcomes of shunted MMC patients and factors associated with shunt infections. Most patients underwent multiple revisions prior to the first shunt infection. Shunt externalization may be ineffective at clearing the infection and should be avoided in favor of early shunt removal and external ventricular drainage, followed by shunt replacement once infection is demonstrated to have cleared.
Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies. Bibliographical Review. Part 2: 1979-1989
Authors: Вевюрко Илья Сергеевич
Published: February 2021

Вторая часть обзора «Бюллетеня Международной организации по изучению Септуагинты и смежных текстов» охватывает вторую декаду истории этого масштабного научного предприятия. В этот период происходит смена поколений исследователей, на первый план постепенно выходят имена Э. Това, А. Питерсмы, А. ван дер Коя, М. Книбба, М. Арль, А. Эймелеус и других учёных, которые остаются ведущими в септуагинтоведении до сего дня. При этом исследования Септуагинты сосредотачиваются, в основном, вокруг частных вопросов, хотя и связанных с намеченными ранее магистральными desiderata - созданием лексикона Септуагинты и возможно полного описания грамматики её языка. Финальной целью остаётся, как и вначале, выяснение значения древнегреческого перевода для критики текста еврейской Библии.

The second part of the review of the Bulletin of the International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies (BIOSCS) covers the second decade of the history of this largescale scientific enterprise. During this period, generations of researchers are being changed, and the names of E. Tov, A. Pietersma, A. van der Kooij, M. Knibb, M. Harl, A. Aejmelaeus and others who remain leading in Septuagint studies to this day gradually come to the fore. At the same time, the research of the Septuagint focuses mainly on specific issues, although they are related to the main desiderata outlined earlier - the creation of the lexicon for the language of Septuagint and as complete as possible description of its grammar. The final goal remains, as in the beginning, to find out the value of the Old Greek translation for criticism of the text of Biblia Hebraica.
Bibliographic Review of Representative Commentaries on the Epistle to the Hebrews (mid. XIX - XXI Centuries)
Authors: Колодный Евгений Юрьевич
Published: February 2021

В настоящей статье содержится обзор наиболее значимых критических комментариев на Послание к Евреям, написанных в период с середины XIX по XXI век. Для каждого комментария предлагается описание содержания (наличие разделов, посвящённых исагогике и богословию, библиографических обзоров и т. д.); его характерных особенностей; теорий, лежащих в основе комментария и критики некоторых из них с точки зрения современной науки (в частности, идеи зависимости Послания к Евреям от учения Филона или от гностицизма).

The present article contains a survey of the most representative critical commentaries on Hebrews, written since the middle of 19th century onwards. There is a description of each commentary content (introduction materials, theology accounts, reviews on previous studies, exegesis history); commentaries’ characteristics; underlying theories and their criticism (e.g. the concept of Heb. dependence on Philo or Gnosticism).
Review of: Aramaic Studies. Leiden: Brill, 2016. Vol. 14. 264 p. ISSN: 1477-8351
Authors: Шаблевский Николай
Published: February 2021

В предшествующем выпуске журнала «Библия и христианская древность» была опубликована рецензия на «Aramaic Studies» за 2015 г. Настоящий труд является своеобразным продолжением изучения журнала, посвящённого всестороннему исследованию арамейских языков. Как отмечает С. В. Лёзов, письменная традиция арамейских языков, в том числе и его современных бесписьменных идиом, носители которых постепенно по разным причинам переходят в вечность (а вместе с ними исчезают и диалекты арамейских языков), сопоставима по временным рамкам разве что с китайским и греческим. Несмотря на безусловную значимость арамейских языков, в том числе и для исторического языкознания, а также и для изучения Библии, литературы Второго Храма, таргумов, Талмуда и тому подобного, «история арамейского языка до сих пор остаётся неисследованной... “мы отвечаем за арамейский язык перед небытием”», поэтому отрадно видеть, что специальный журнал посвящён столь важной области семитских языков.

The previous issue of The Bible and Christian Antiquity published a review of Aramaic Studies for 2015. The present work is a continuation of the journal's study of a comprehensive study of the Aramaic languages. As S. V. Lyozov points out, the written tradition of the Aramaic languages, including its modern unwritten idioms, whose speakers are gradually passing into eternity for various reasons (and with them the dialects of the Aramaic languages are disappearing), is comparable in time frame only to Chinese and Greek. Despite the undoubted importance of the Aramaic languages, including for historical linguistics, as well as for the study of the Bible, Second Temple literature, the Targums, the Talmud and the like, "the history of the Aramaic language is still unexplored... "we are responsible for the Aramaic language before nothingness", so it is encouraging to see a special journal devoted to such an important area of Semitic languages.
Review of: Il Tempo che resta. Un commento alla Lettera ai Romani. Translated from Italian by S. Ermakov, Moscow: New literary review, 2018 (Intellectual History). 224 p. ISBN 978-5-4448-0740-8
Authors: Савинов Алексей Андреевич
Published: February 2021

Наконец, книга итальянского философа Джорджо Агамбена «Оставшееся время. Комментарий к “Посланию к римлянам”», вышедшая в Италии в июне 2000 г., доступна русскому читателю в полном объёме в переводе Сергея Ермакова. В 2000 г. Сергеем Козловым был осуществлен первый перевод на русский язык нескольких глав книги, которые были опубликованы с его предисловием в 6 (46) номере «Нового литературного обозрения». Рецензируемая книга, а также такие работы как «Человек без содержания», «Грядущее сообщество», «Открытое. Человек и животное», «Царство и слава» и целый ряд статей, выходивших в разных изданиях, были написаны в период работы Агамбена над трилогией «Homo sacer», которая также уже известна русскому читателю.

Finally, Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben's book "The Remains of Time. A Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans", published in Italy in June 2000, is available to the Russian reader in its entirety in a translation by Sergei Yermakov. In 2000, the book was translated by Sergei Kozlov and became available to Russian readers in its entirety. Sergei Kozlov made the first translation into Russian of several chapters, which were published with his preface in the 6 (46) issue of the "New Literary Review". The book under review, as well as such works as "Man Without Content", "The Coming Community", "Open. Man and the Animal", "Kingdom and Glory" and a number of articles published in various editions, were written during the period of Agamben's work on the trilogy "Homo sacer", which is also already known to the Russian reader.
نوعية المياه الجوفية والعوامل المؤثرة في تذبذبها في ناحية الاسحاقي باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)
Authors: Alibrahimi Suhaila Najim Abid
Published: February 2021

يهدف البحث الموسوم بـ(نوعية المياه الجوفية والعوامل المؤثرة في تذبذبها في ناحية الاسحاقي باعتماد نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)) الى بيان تأثير العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية في المنسوب المائي للمياه الجوفية وتحديد مناطق الضعف والغزارة لهذه المياه من خلال الاعتماد على التقنيات الجغرافية الحديثة (GIS) بالدرجة الاساس لتحليل الخصائص الهيدرولوجية للمياه الجوفية مكانيا من حيث عدد الآبار وموقعها وحركتها والعوامل المؤثرة في الثغير في منسوبها واعداد قاعدة بيانات خاصة لهذا الغرض لأجل رسم الخرائط والاشكال البيانية واعداد النماذج الهيدرولوجية ومن خلال الدراسة التي تضمنت جملة نتائج اهمها ما يأتي:

تأثر المنطقة بالحركات التكتونية التي شوهت الطبقات الصخرية والتي هيأت موقع المكمن الجوفي.

التذبذب الواضح في منسوب المياه الجوفية بسبب العديد من العوامل الطبيعية والبشرية.

توضيح اهمية اعتماد التقنيات الحديثة (GIS) في تسهيل المهمة للوصول الى نتائج دقيقة وسريعة لوضع الحلول والتخطيط المناسب للاستثمار الامثل للمياه الجوفية في المنطقة.
واقع استخدام طالبات الثانوية العامة لشبكات التواصل الاجتماعي في مدينة العين
Authors: Al-Dhaheri Fatima Saif Hamad Saleh , Al-Othman Hussein Muhammad
Published: February 2021

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع استخدام طالبات الثانوية العامة لشبكات التواصل الاجتماعي في مدينة العين، وذلك من خلال التعرف على الخصائص الديموغرافية لطالبات الثانوية العامة في مدينة العين، ومدى انتشار استخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي بين طالبات الثانوية العامة، وأثرها على المستوى التحصيلي لأفراد العينة.

ولتحقيق أهداف هذه الدراسة، قامت الباحثة بإعداد استبانة تم التأكد من صدقها من خلال عرضها على مجموعة من المحكمين، في حين تم التأكد من ثباتها عن طريق إعادة تطبيق الاستبانة، وتم تطبيق الدراسة على عينة عشوائية هن مجموعة من طالبات الثانوية العامة (الثاني عشر) في مدينة العين بفرعيه الأدبي والعلمي في القطاع الحكومي، وبلغ عددهن (300 طالبة) تم اختيارهن من ثلاث مدارس حكومية تابعة لمجلس أبو ظبي للتعليم - مكتب العين.

وقد كشفت نتائج الدراسة أن حوالي ثلاثة أرباع العينة منتسبات إلى شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي، كما أن أكثر من نصف العينة يستخدمن شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي بشكل يومي، وأكدن أن التأثيرات التي تحدثها شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي لم تؤثر عليهن سلبياً أبداً، ومما يؤكد هذا أن غالبية أفراد العينة حصلن على معدل تراكمي ترواح مابين (80 - 89%) خلال الفصل الدراسي الأول.  فرغم أن أكثر من نصف أفراد العينة أقرن باستخدامهن شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي بشكل منتظم إلا أن معظمهن أكدن أن شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي أحياناً تكون أكثر أهمية من المهارات والمعارف التي تتعلمها الطالبة في المدرسة.

وكانت أعلى نسبة من الجهود المقترحة من وجهة نظر أفراد العينة للحد من سوء استخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي هو تدعيم الوازع الديني والأخلاقي في نفوس الطلبة ثم تنظيم برامج إرشادية ووقائية لتوجيه الطلبة نحو استخدام شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي والاستفادة من أوقات الفراغ.

وخلصت الدراسة إلى عدة توصيات من أهمها تأكيد الدور التربوي للمؤسسة التعليمية في حياة الإنسان، فهي التي تحتضن طفولته وترشد مراهقته وتعد شبابه لمواجهة المستقبل، وهي ملتقى الأصدقاء، ومكان التمثل بالقدوة، عليها يقع عبء التعريف بالخدمات التي تقدمها شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي من أجل النهوض بالعلم وزيادة المعارف لدى الطلاب.

كما أوصت الدراسة بإجراء المزيد من الدراسات والبحوث الميدانية في مجال المواقع الاجتماعية وشبكات التواصل الاجتماعي وخاصة فيما يتعلق بالطرق السليمة لاستخدام هذه الشبكات الاجتماعية.
المتطلبات التربوية لمواجهة أساليب التطرف الفكري لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد من وجهة نظر تدريسييها
Authors: Ali Ahmed Hussein , Mohammed Khalaf Hisham
Published: February 2021

اصبح التطرف الفكري ظاهرة عالمية تعاني منها جميع المجتمعات العربية والغربية، اذ انزلق فيها الكثير من الشباب المتعلمين منهم والأميين، بل إن التطرف الفكري صار من الأمراض الخطيرة والسريعة الانتشار بين طلبة الجامعات، ولعل السبب وراء ذلك هو الانفتاح المعرفي والتقدم التكنولوجي والعولمة والصراع الفكري والفهم الخاطئ إو الضعف لحقيقة الدين والثوابت الشرعية، وهذا قد دفع جميع المؤسسات التربوية والتعليمية والاجتماعية من اجل مواجهة أساليب التطرف الفكري ساعية الى الارتقاء بالطلبة والمحافظة عليهم، اذ تتحمل الجامعات المسئولية الكبيرة في ذلك باعتبارها مؤسسات الفكر ومراكز البحث انطلاقاً من دورها البحثي والمجتمعي الى جانب دورها التربوي والتعليمي، ويسعى الباحث الى إبراز أهمية دور المتطلبات التربوية الاجتماعية والثقافية والسياسية والاقتصادية والدينية والرياضية لمواجهة أساليب التطرف الفكري والوقاية منها التي أصبحت تهدد أمن المجتمع واستقراره.

وقام الباحث ببناء وتطوير أداة البحث وهي عبارة عن استبانة تشمل على (60) فقرة موزعة على ست مجالات مختلفة تحتوي على المتطلبات التربوية لمواجهة أساليب التطرف الفكري، وقد تم اختيار عينة البحث بالطريقة الطبقة العشوائية التي بلغ عددها (400) أستاذا وأستاذة بواقع (188) من الذكور و(212) للإناث موزعين على ثلاث كليات مختلفة تم اختيارهم بطريقة السحب من مجتمع البحث الكلي البالغ عددهم (6321) أستاذا وأستاذة.
التوزيع الجغرافي لصناعة المشروبات الغازية والمياه الصحية في ناحية الكرادة الشرقية
Authors: Drjal Ghntab Yasir Majid , AL-Hiti Salam Khamees Gharbi
Published: February 2021

تكشف دراسة الظاهرة الصناعية عن اهمية ودور وعوامل التوطن الصناعي التي ساهمت في انتشار الصناعة ضمن الحيز المكاني لبيان اهميتها ومدى تأثير العوامل على توزيعها المكاني، وقد اظهرت الدراسة ان صناعة المشروبات الغازية والمياه الصحية في ناحية الكرادة الشرقية قد تأثرت بعوامل جذب ساهمت وبشكل كبير في توقيعها المكاني الحالي، فقد بينت الدراسة ان عامل السوق كان الاكثر تأثيرا في توقيع المنشآت بمواقعها الحالية، اذ بلغت نسبة تأثيره (39%) ما يجعله يحل في المرتبة الاولى بين العوامل المؤثرة في التوزيع المكاني للصناعة. كما كشفت الدراسة عن وجود (27) منشأة لصناعة المشروبات الغازية والمياه الصحية في ناحية الكرادة الشرقية تركزت نسبة (48.1%) منها في المنطقة الصناعية ضمن الزعفرانية وذلك وفق مؤشر عدد المنشآت، اما مؤشر عدد العاملين في الفرع الصناعي فقد سجل اعلى نسبة كذلك ضمن المنطقة الصناعية في الزعفرانية بنسبة (81.6%) من العاملين في صناعة المشروبات والمياه بواقع (1646) عاملاً، بينما شكلت اعلى نسبة من اجور العاملين السنوية ضمن المنطقة الصناعية في الزعفرانية بنسبة (91.1%) بواقع (20642) مليون دينار من قيمة اجور العاملين السنوية ضمن نفس الفرع الصناعي. فيما سجل أدنى نسبة من حيث المؤشرات المذكورة ضمن حي الجامعة الذي تتواجد فيه منشأة واحدة لصناعة المشروبات والمياه بعدد عاملين بلغ (25) عاملاً وقيمة اجور سنوية بلغت (140) مليون دينار سنوياً.
Effect of flavonoid-rich meals and low-flavonoid meals based on the dietary reference intakes for Japanese, using basic foodstuffs on the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the whole blood cells from adult men of normal or light overweight
Authors: Mannen Ryo , Yasuda Michiko T. , Sano Ayami , Goda Toshinao , Shimoi Kayoko , Ichikawa Yoko
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Flavonoids have a variety of functions, such as antioxidant activity, and are expected to have a disease prevention effect. In order to verify the disease risk reduction effect of flavonoids, we carried out a crossover trial in seven adult men of normal or light overweight who ingested flavonoid-rich meals, with a diverse combination of basic foodstuffs, and low-flavonoid meals and compared blood disease-related inflammatory markers.Methods: On the first two days of the study, seven male volunteers were provided with low-flavonoid meals (flavonoid content below the detection limit of HPLC: less than 0.24 mg/meal) three times a day as a washout. For the next seven days, they were fed flavonoid-rich meals (46.9 ± 8.1 mg/meal) or low-flavonoid meals. Blood samples were collected from all the volunteers before breakfast on the third day, after the washout and before breakfast on the tenth day. The test was consisted of one cycle from the first day to the tenth day, and the participants carried out two cycles. Flavonoid concentrations in plasma and gene expression of inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, interleukin 18, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in whole blood cells were compared before and after the intervention. Gene expression in whole blood cells was measured using real time RT-PCR.Results: We found a significant increase in plasma flavonoid concentration (quercetin, kaempferol, daidzein, and genistein) upon intervention with flavonoid-rich meals (p < 0.05). In addition, the inflammatory cytokine gene expression was reduced in the subjects with a body mass index of more than, but not less than, 25 kg/m2 compared with that observed after the intake of low-flavonoid meals.Conclusion: These results suggest that flavonoid-rich meals have an anti-inflammatory effect in obese persons who are likely to have chronic inflammation.Keywords: Flavonoids, inflammatory cytokines, flavonoid-rich meal, human study
Are there any key factors that encourage food delivery applications use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand and the role of HRM?
Authors: Chotigo Jankit , Kadono Yasuo
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Recently, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, customer sentiment has evolved as the new “normal” for food consumption—as it affects customer behavioral change, including the way customers eat. Therefore, understanding customer demands and needs will help food delivery aggregators and retailers produce sustainable, competitive advantage and drive profitability. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to investigate the determinant factors of Thai consumers’ intention to use on-demand food delivery applications. METHODS: Convenient random sampling was used to gather data from 250 participants who have used food delivery applications in Thailand and Amos version 23 to test model validity and the hypotheses. RESULTS: The results show that satisfaction is critical for the intention to use food delivery applications. Social influence, trust, convenience, and application quality were found to play an essential role in meeting the needs of satisfaction toward the intention to use, and application quality is the most important. However, habit showed a negative relationship, and price value was found to have a nonsignificant impact on satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Food delivery aggregators should ensure the quality of application updates and efficiency and that users have the best quality experience to maintain customer satisfaction. However, customers are also concerned about their health and safety, which has altered their purchasing behavior. Therefore, restaurant players should add a third delivery system that optimize online ordering and delivery.
Nexus between perceived job insecurity and employee work-related outcomes amid COVID-19: Attenuating effect of supervisor support
Authors: Soomro Shuaib Ahmed
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine perceived job insecurity as an antecedent of adverse psychological well-being and job outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction and organizational commitment), applying conservation of resources and organizational support theories. The study also investigated the role of perceived supervisor support as a moderator in the study. METHODS: Two-wave longitudinal data (n = 385) was collected with two months between Time 1 and Time 2. Data collected from employees working in two MNCs in Pakistan. A conceptual framework was developed where the mediating role of work stress on the job insecurity relationship is conditional to the values of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. RESULTS: During analysis, a positive association was found between job insecurity and work stress. Further, job insecurity led to work stress and it negatively led to job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Perceived supervisor support moderated work stress and job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The moderated mediation results indicate that supervisor support moderated the indirect effect of job insecurity on work outcomes. CONCLUSION: This paper examines the relationship between job insecurity and employee work outcomes amidst COVID-19. The findings have significant implications for employers and employees. Moreover, study findings expand our knowledge of COR theory and Organizational support theory for MNCs employees in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Atrophic Pattern of Hippocampal Subfields in Post-Stroke Demented Patient
Authors: Zhao Zhiyong , Cai Huaying , Zheng Weihao , Liu Tingting , Sun Di , Han Guocan , Zhang Yi , Wu Dan
Published: February 2021

Background:

Previous studies have demonstrated that hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of dementia and can be used to predict the outcome of post-stroke demented (PSD) patients. The hippocampus consists of several subfields but their involvement in the pathophysiology of the PSD remains unclear.

Objective:

The present study aimed to investigate volumetric alterations of hippocampal subfields in patients with PSD.

Methods:

High-resolution T1-weighted images were collected from 27 PSD and 28 post-stroke nondemented (PSND) patients who recovered from ischemic stroke, and 17 age-matched normal control (NC). We estimated the volumes of the hippocampal subfields using FreeSurfer 6.0 which segmented the hippocampus into 12 subfields in each hemisphere. The volumetric differences between the groups were evaluated by the two-sample tests after regressing out the age, sex, education, and total intracranial volume.

Results:

Compared with NC group, PSD group showed smaller volumes in the entire hippocampus and its subfields, and such differences were not found in PSND group. Moreover, we found the dementia-specific atrophy in the left granule cell layer of dentate gyrus (GC-DG) and CA4 in the PSD patients compared with NC and PSND. Regression analysis showed positive correlations between the changes of cognitive performance and the asymmetry index in the CA3/4 and GC-DG of the PSD group. Furthermore, we found that the volumes of hippocampal subfields provided a better classification performance than the entire hippocampus.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that the hippocampus is reduced in the PSD patients and it presents a selective subfield involvement.
The Effect of GBA Mutations and APOE Polymorphisms on Dementia with Lewy Bodies in Ashkenazi Jews
Authors: Shiner Tamara , Mirelman Anat , Rosenblum Yevgenia , Kavé Gitit , Weisz Mali Gana , Bar-Shira Anat , Goldstein Orly , Thaler Avner , Gurevich Tanya , Orr-Urtreger Avi , Giladi Nir , Bregman Noa
Published: February 2021

Background:

Glucocerebrosidase ( GBA) gene mutations and APOE polymorphisms are common in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), however their clinical impact is only partially elucidated.

Objective:

To explore the clinical impact of mutations in the GBA gene and APOE polymorphisms separately and in combination, in a cohort of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients with DLB.

Methods:

One hundred consecutively recruited AJ patients with clinically diagnosed DLB underwent genotyping for GBA mutations and APOE polymorphisms, and performed cognitive and motor clinical assessments.

Results:

Thirty-two (32%) patients with DLB were carriers of GBA mutations and 33 (33%) carried an APOE ɛ4 allele. GBA mutation carriers had a younger age of onset (mean [SD] age, 67.2 years [8.9] versus 71.97 [5.91]; p = 0.03), poorer cognition as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (21.41 [6.9] versus 23.97 [5.18]; p < 0.005), and more severe parkinsonism as assessed with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale motor part III (34.41 [13.49] versus 28.38 [11.21]; p = 0.01) compared to non-carriers. There were statistically significant interactions between the two genetic factors, so that patients who carried both a mild GBA mutation and the APOE ɛ4 allele ( n = 9) had more severe cognitive ( p = 0.048) and motor dysfunction ( p = 0.037).

Conclusion:

We found a high frequency of both GBA mutations and the APOE ɛ4 allele among AJ patients with DLB, both of which have distinct effects on the clinical disease phenotype, separately and in combination.
Research on combination of passive magnetic bearing and mechanical bearing for vertical axis wind turbine
Authors: Jun Zhu , Zhenyi Zhang , Di Cao , Shaotong Du , Xiangwei Guo , Penghui Liu , Ming Yang
Published: February 2021

Aiming at the “light wind start, light wind power generation” of vertical axis wind turbine, a new T-shaped radial passive magnetic bearing with high suspension characteristics is proposed. Passive magnetic bearings used in vertical axis wind turbines usually have small bearing capacity and difficult magnetization. The new T-shaped radial PMB can improve the radial bearing capacity, and the three magnetic rings all adopt simple axial magnetization. The new T-shaped radial PMB is combined with mechanical auxiliary bearing to form the suspension system of wind turbine. In the stable state, the suspension system can realize radial and axial stable suspension. The structure and working principle of the suspension system are briefly described. Through the finite element simulation, the characteristics of the new T-shaped radial PMB, the traditional double-ring PMB and the T-shaped PMBs are compared. Taking the high bearing capacity and high stiffness of the new T-shaped radial PMB as the optimization objective, the multi-objective optimization of the new T-shaped radial PMB was carried out by changing its geometric parameters (inner diameter, magnetization length and air gap). The research results show that: Under the same bearing capacity, the volume of the new T-shaped radial PMB is reduced by about 78.64%. Under the same volume, its bearing capacity increased by about 30.7%, and its stiffness increased by about 96.1%. After optimization, its radial bearing capacity increased to 101.38 N, and its stiffness increased to 202.76 N/mm.
Hybrid approach combining EMD, ARIMA and monte carlo for multi-step ahead medical tourism forecasting
Authors: Fatema Nuzhat , Malik Hasmat , Abd Halim Mutia Sobihah
Published: February 2021

This paper proposed a hybrid intelligent approach based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) methods for multi-step ahead medical tourism (MT) forecasting using explanatory input variables based on two decade real-time recorded database. In the proposed hybrid model, these variables are 1st extracted then medical tourism is forecasted to perform the long term as well as the short term goal and planning in the nation. The multi-step ahead medical tourism is forecasted recursively, by utilizing the 1st forecasted value as the input variable to generate the next forecasting value and this procedure is continued till third step ahead forecasted value. The proposed approach is firstly tested and validated by using international tourism arrival (ITA) dataset then proposed approach is implemented for forecasting of medical tourism arrival in nation. In order to validate the performance and accuracy of the proposed hybrid model, a comparative analysis is performed by using Monte Carlo method and the results are compared. Obtained results show that the proposed hybrid forecasting approach for medical tourism has outperforming characteristics.
Digital transformation through advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning
Authors: Malik Hasmat , Chaudhary Gopal , Srivastava Smriti
Published: February 2021

The digital transformation (DT) is the acquiring the digital tool, techniques, approaches, mechanism etc. for the transformation of the business, applications, services and upgrading the manual process into the automation. The DT enable the efficacy of the system via automation, innovation, creativities. The another concept of DT in the engineering domain is to replace the manual and/or conventional process by means of automation to handle the big-data problems in an efficient way and harness the static/dynamic system information without knowing the system parameters. The DT represents the both opportunities and challenges to the developer and/or user in an organization, such as development and adaptation of new tool and technique in the system and society with respect to the various applications (i.e., digital twin, cybersecurity, condition monitoring and fault detection & diagnosis (FDD), forecasting and prediction, intelligent data analytics, healthcare monitoring, feature extraction and selection, intelligent manufacturing and production, future city, advanced construction, resilient infrastructure, greater sustainability etc.). Additionally, due to high impact of advanced artificial intelligent, machine learning and data analytics techniques, the harness of the profit of the DT is increased globally. Therefore, the integration of DT into all areas deliver a value to the both users as well as developer. In this editorial fifty-two different applications of DT of distinct engineering domains are presented, which includes its detailed information, state-of-the-art, methodology, proposed approach development, experimental and/or emulation-based performance demonstration and finally conclusive summary of the developed tool/technique along with the future scope.
Scene text spotting based on end-to-end
Authors: Wei Guangcun , Rong Wansheng , Liang Yongquan , Xiao Xinguang , Liu Xiang
Published: February 2021

Aiming at the problem that the traditional OCR processing method ignores the inherent connection between the text detection task and the text recognition task, This paper propose a novel end-to-end text spotting framework. The framework includes three parts: shared convolutional feature network, text detector and text recognizer. By sharing convolutional feature network, the text detection network and the text recognition network can be jointly optimized at the same time. On the one hand, it can reduce the computational burden; on the other hand, it can effectively use the inherent connection between text detection and text recognition. This model add the TCM (Text Context Module) on the basis of Mask RCNN, which can effectively solve the negative sample problem in text detection tasks. This paper propose a text recognition model based on the SAM-BiLSTM (spatial attention mechanism with BiLSTM), which can more effectively extract the semantic information between characters. This model significantly surpasses state-of-the-art methods on a number of text detection and text spotting benchmarks, including ICDAR 2015, Total-Text.
Off-label drug use and the risk of medication errors in critically ill neonates: A conceptual pilot study
Authors: Sridharan Kannan , Al Jufairi Muna , Al Ansari Eman
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Off-label drug (OLD) use is common in neonates. OBJECTIVE: There is a dearth of information associating the OLD use and the risk of medication errors in critically ill neonates. Hence, the present study was carried out. METHODS: Drug prescriptions in neonates admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital between September 2018 and June 2019 were evaluated. Details on their demographics, reason for admission in intensive care unit, drug-related information and serum creatinine were extracted. United States Food and Drug Administration approved drug labels were compared. World Health Organization (WHO) anatomy, therapeutic and chemical (ATC) classification was used for drug categorization. We assessed the risk of medication errors in the adult population using a validated tool: medication risk score (MERIS). RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-one neonates with 2394 prescriptions were included in this study. Seventy one percent of the neonates in the present study received at least one OLD/unlicensed prescription item. A trend in increased numbers of OLD/unlicensed drug use in more premature and lower birth weight neonates were observed. Medication risk score was significantly higher in neonates receiving OLD/unlicensed drugs compared to those with only labelled drugs. Very and extreme pre-term (along with very low and extremely low birth weight) neonates were at higher risk of medication errors compared to others. Presence of OLD/unlicensed prescribed items is associated with a potentially increased risk of medication errors by an odds ratio of 20.4 compared to labelled drugs. CONCLUSION: Significant proportions of critically ill neonates received at least one OLD/unlicensed drug and such use was associated with potentially increased risk of medication errors.
Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of computerized clinical vestibular tools
Authors: Cochrane Graham D. , Christy Jennifer B. , Kicker Ethan T. , Kailey Ryan P. , England Brandon K.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Clinical vestibular technology is rapidly evolving to improve objective assessments of vestibular function. Understanding the reliability and expected score ranges of emerging clinical vestibular tools is important to gauge how these tools should be used as clinical endpoints. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate inter-rater and test-retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of four vestibular tools and to determine expected ranges of scores through smallest real difference (SRD) measures. METHODS: Sixty healthy graduate students completed two 1-hour sessions, at most a week apart, consisting of two video head-impulse tests (vHIT), computerized dynamic visual acuity (cDVA) tests, and a smartphone-assisted bucket test (SA-SVV). Thirty students were tested by different testers at each session (inter-rater) and 30 by the same tester (test-retest). ICCs and SRDs were calculated for both conditions. RESULTS: Most measures fell within the moderate ICC range (0.50–0.75). ICCs were higher for cDVA in the inter-rater subgroup and higher for vHITs in the test-retest subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: Measures from the four tools evaluated were moderately reliable. There may be a tester effect on reliabilities, specifically vHITs. Further research should repeat these analyses in a patient population and explore methodological differences between vHIT systems.
Theoretical matters of self-organization and their practical implementation in jet-emulsion metallurgical process. Part 1. Basic principles and design features of jet-emulsion facility
Authors: Tsymbal V. P. , Rybenko I. A. , Sechenov P. A. , Kozhemyachenko V. I. , Kalashnikov S. N. , Ermakova L. A.
Published: February 2021

At present in the world steel industry a certain number of processes of iron direct reduction created, including liquidphase ones, which make it possible to obtain metal iron directly from ore bypassing blast furnace. However, no one of them enables principally to obtain an iron-carbon alloy with carbon content lower 2%. A jet-emulsion metallurgical process elaborated, differing by low energy consumption, small specific volume of the facility and possibility of metal direct producing with a wide range of carbon content. Application of principles of self-organization theory and of several physical effects enabled to create a process, which has significant advantages comparing with existing metallurgical processes. High rates of physical and chemical processes are reached by creating a large reaction surface and two-phase working mixture (gas suspension or emulsion). Organization of forced motion of the working (reaction) mixture in a closed system under pressure made it possible to create considerable deviation from thermodynamic equilibrium and at the same time to solve the task of internal transportation of reaction products through all the units connected in series/ Creation of dissipative structures, considerably deviated from thermodynamic equilibrium, ensures wide possibilities to control the chemical composition of metal and slag. A technological diagram and a brief description of the jet-emulsion facility (JER). The base of the JER technological scheme make the following units: charge supply system, reactor-oscillator, connecting channel with gas-dynamic self-shutting, refining sediment box, at the same time operating as the first stage of wet gas-cleaning, as well as automated system of scull cooling. The latter enables to ensure viability of the facility, in which high-temperature gas suspension is moving with high speed. Because of high intensity of gas-dynamic processes of aggressive two-phase media taking place in the facility, the protection of all the elements of the facility is made based on circulating scull cooling.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG NURSES TOWARDS HIV/ AIDS PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, AMROHA
Authors: Agrawal Atul , Agrawal Ankita
Published: February 2021

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has become one of the most serious challenges to public health due to its high morbidity, mortality and economic impacts. Good Knowledge, positive attitudes and practices are important aspects of providing nursing care for people living with HIV/AIDS. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This study was descriptive, performed on 200 nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients at a tertiary care Hospital, Amroha. Data was collected using pretested, validated, self administered questionnaire consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice based questions related to HIV/Aids and infected patients along with demographic variables of nursing staff under study.  Results: The result of this study showed that majority of nurses (81%) working with HIV/AIDS patients possess adequate level of knowledge. Most of the nurses under study showed high level of empathic attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS (above 80%) but at the same time high level of avoidance was observed among some nurses. Practice of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients was found good. Conclusions: There was satisfactory knowledge, positive attitudes and good practice level among nurses under study. Recommendations: Training should focus on Preventive methods and modes of HIV transmission, care and support of all patients no matter what the disease, emphasizing confidentiality as a patient right that should not be ignored and should train nurses and monitor nursing skills.

Keywords: Public health, Nurses, HIV, Knowledge, Attitude, Practices
Systems Engineering Modelling and Simulation to Support Defence Acquisition System
Authors: Guajardo Rodrigo
Published: February 2021

Modelling and Simulations have been applied in various engineering disciplines since the 1990s, especially in the area of defence, being an essential tool in all phases of the cycle of acquisition and in all applications whose main objective are to reduce the time, resources, and risks associated with acquisition, to enable the integrated product and process development, and to improve the quality of the fielded product. One of the main purposes of this research is to demonstrate the importance of Systems Engineering (INCOSE) as part of the defence acquisition system and how this engineering discipline has incorporated the use of Modelling and Simulations into their acquisition-cycle phases and processes.
Új személyi légideszant ejtőernyő típus rendszerbe állítása előtt a Magyar Honvédség III. rész
Authors: Szaniszló Zsolt
Published: February 2021

Többrészes tanulmányom a Magyar Honvédség (MH) új személyi légideszant ejtőernyő rendszerrel történő ellátásának szükségességére hívja fel a figyelmet, és természetesen javaslatot tesz a beszerzésre irányuló kezdeti lépések megtételére. Tanulmányom első részében napjaink legelterjedtebben alkalmazott konvencionális személyi légideszant ejtőernyő rendszereit és kifejlesztésük rövid történetét mutattam be. A lehetséges fő ejtőernyő típusok technikai adatait és jellemzőit az úgynevezett „Klasszikus Hármas” alapján, tanulmányom második részében vizsgáltam  meg. Tanulmányom harmadik részében – szintén  ugyanezen módszer alapján – az elképzelt tartalék ejtőernyő típusokat vizsgálom meg.
Confusão patrimonial em empresas na perspectiva de contadores e contabilistas gaúchos
Authors: Voltz Juliana Poerschke
Published: February 2021

Este estudo visa contribuir com discussões a respeito de confusão patrimonial nas empresas. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar como os contadores e contabilistas do Rio Grande do Sul percebem a confusão patrimonial nas empresas. Foram realizadas discussões sobre as causas, os desafios e as consequências da confusão patrimonial. Sobra a metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa mista (quantitativa e qualitativa) e exploratória. Para a coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário no Formulário Google, disponibilizado no site do Conselho Regional de Contabilidade do Rio Grande do Sul (CRC/RS) e foram realizadas duas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dois contadores de Porto Alegre. Os resultados evidenciaram que a confusão patrimonial é mais corriqueira nas microempresas e nas empresas de pequeno e médio porte. Esta confusão é oriunda da ausência da gestão, da falta de controle das operações e da utilização dos bens, prejudicando a fidedignidade, a realidade e o resultado financeiro das empresas.
La interacción entre la política macroprudencial y la política monetaria
Authors: De Blas Beatriz
Published: February 2021

Este artículo repasa los objetivos y posibles puntos de interacción entre la política monetaria y la política macroprudencial. También revisa los desarrollos más recientes respecto al debate sobre la idoneidad o no de coordinar ambas políticas. El trabajo concluye con una visión de los principales retos que deben afrontar estas dos políticas dadas las condiciones macroeconómicas actuales.
Función sigmoide como modelo de predicción para riego en trigo (Triticum aestivum), Distrito 014, Mexicali, Baja California
Authors: Castro González Carlos H. , Escoboza García Luis F. , Avendaño Reyes Leonel , Escoboza García María I. , Huez López Marco , Viramontes Olivas Óscar Alejandro
Published: February 2021

Para disponer del recurso hídrico en el Distrito de Riego 014, Río Colorado y llevar a cabo los riegos en los cultivos, se cumple con una programación basada en planes de riego que verifican avances, cambios y ajustes periódicos. Con el fin de reforzar la programación, se utilizaron métodos matemáticos para predecir la sistematización de riegos en trigo (Triticum aestivum). Se emplearon tres modelos de función sigmoide, para los cuales se usaron datos experimentales observados y acumulados en la superficie agrícola del DR 014 en Mexicali y San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora, durante el ciclo 2010-2011.
Factores determinantes de las emisiones de CO2 asociadas al uso de combustibles en el sector industrial de San Luis Potosí
Authors: Gutiérrez Escajeda María Teresa , Medellín Milán Pedro , Ábrego Góngora Carlos Joel
Published: February 2021

El análisis de la dinámica de los factores determinantes de las emisiones de CO2 y el efecto que los mismos ejercen sobre la variación de las mismas brinda argumentos útiles para establecer metas de reducción. En este artículo se analizó la identidad de Kaya para identificar los factores que impulsan la variación interanual de las emanaciones de CO2 originadas por el consumo de combustibles en el sector industrial manufacturero de San Luis Potosí durante el periodo 2000-2012. La indagación determinó que la variación de la intensidad energética y del PIB per cápita y, en menor grado, el de la intensidad de carbonización de la energía, fueron los más contribuyentes en la variación de las emisiones de CO2 del sector de estudio.
Determinación de la calidad microbiológica del agua de la Laguna de Chapulco, Puebla
Authors: Rojas Ruiz Norma Elena , Muñoz Zurita Guillermo , Sosa Jiménez Araceli , Baqueiro Peña Itzamná
Published: February 2021

La Laguna de Chapulco forma parte de los seis cuerpos de agua principales que se encuentran funcionando aún en la ciudad de Puebla; sin embargo, podría enfrentar problemas de contaminación. Se realizaron tres muestreos independientes en 10 puntos que seccionaban a la Laguna de Chapulco, las muestras fueron sembradas en los medios de cultivo Agar SS para el aislamiento selectivo de Salmonella sp., Shigella sp. y para coliformes en el medio EMB. En las muestras analizadas se determinó la presencia de Escherichia coli, con un valor máximo de 3 x 10 5 UFC/ml, lo cual excede el límite permitido en la NOM-003-ECOL-1997. Los microorganismos Shigella sp. y Salmonella sp. estuvieron presentes con un valor máximo de 2 x 10 3 UFC/ml y 8 x 10 6 UFC/ml, respectivamente.
Costos y competitividad en la producción de bovinos carne en corral en el sur del Estado de México
Authors: Hernández Martínez Juvencio , Rebollar Rebollar Alfredo , Mondragón Ancelmo Jaime , Guzmán Soria Eugenio , Rebollar Rebollar Samuel
Published: February 2021

La presente investigación se realizó en el sur del Estado de México durante el periodo comprendido desde enero hasta junio de 2014. Se basó en información proveniente de 40 productores de ganado en corral, estratificados en pequeños, medianos y grandes, en donde se obtuvieron datos de ingresos y costos de producción. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los costos y la competitividad de la producción bovina engordada en corral mediante la metodología de la matriz de análisis de política. Los tres tipos de productores presentaron un coeficiente de rentabilidad privada, que variaron de 10.77% a 15.40%. Las relaciones de costo privado se situaron entre 0.51 y 0.52, lo que sugiere una alta competitividad y, por tanto, permitió pagar los factores internos, incluso la tasa de retorno normal del capital, lo que dejó un margen de ganancia positivo, por lo que la actividad fue rentable y competitiva.
Comportamiento poscosecha en girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) en función de soluciones pulso
Authors: Díaz López Ernesto , Loeza Corte Juan Manuel , Brena Hernández Irma
Published: February 2021

Los cultivos florícolas son importantes, ya que generan divisas y mano de obra; en especies como el girasol el conocimiento sobre su manejo en poscosecha es limitado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la influencia de la solución de sacarosa, ácido cítrico, hidroxiquinoleína y ácido giberélico sobre la vida de florero de girasol. El experimento se llevó a cabo bajo condiciones de laboratorio en Teotitlán de Flores Magón, Oaxaca, México, durante el verano de 2014. Los resultados indican que la solución compuesta con ácido cítrico, sacarosa, hidroxiquinoleína y pH de 5.5 a 5.7 obtuvo la mayor vida de florero con lígulas turgentes, mientras que la aplicación de ácido giberélico a (50 mg l-1) impidió la apertura de la inflorescencia.
Análisis de protección para casco de ciclista sometido a impacto virtual por método de elemento finito
Authors: Armendáriz Mireles Eddie Nahúm , Castillo Robles José Adalberto , López Gutiérrez Marco Antonio , Rocha Rangel Enrique
Published: February 2021

El uso de la bicicleta implica un gran riesgo de sufrir lesiones por caídas, dentro de las cuales las de mayor riesgo son las lesiones en la cabeza, por lo cual es indispensable el uso de equipo de protección. El presente proyecto se enfoca en el análisis de la protección ejercida por un casco de ciclista realizado a través del método de elemento finito, la metodología se basó en las normas Snell. Se determinaron las tensiones que absorbe el casco, se simuló un impacto frontal variando el grosor del material absorbente del casco (30 mm, 20 mm y 10 mm), el cual protege una esfera de aluminio sólida de 4.7 kg, que representaba la cabeza de un ciclista...