bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
iDNA-ITLM: An interpretable and transferable learning model for identifying DNA methylation
Authors: Yu Xia , Yani Cui , Wang Zhichao , Long Haixia , Zeng Rao , Liu Xiling , Anas Bilal , Ren Jia
Published: October 2024

In this study, from the perspective of image processing, we propose the iDNA-ITLM model, using a novel data enhance strategy by continuously self-replicating a short DNA sequence into a longer DNA sequence and then embedding it into a high-dimensional matrix to enlarge the receptive field, for identifying DNA methylation sites. Our model consistently outperforms the current state-of-the-art sequence-based DNA methylation site recognition methods when evaluated on 17 benchmark datasets that cover multiple species and include three DNA methylation modifications (4mC, 5hmC, and 6mA). The experimental results demonstrate the robustness and superior performance of our model across these datasets. In addition, our model can transfer learning to RNA methylation sequences and produce good results without modifying the hyperparameters in the model. The proposed iDNA-ITLM model can be considered a universal predictor across DNA and RNA methylation species.
Effects of a digital self-efficacy training in stressed university students: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rohde Judith , Marciniak Marta A. , Henninger Mirka , Homan Stephanie , Ries Anja , Paersch Christina , Friedman Olivia , Brown Adam D. , Kleim Birgit
Published: October 2024

Objective

Self-efficacy is associated with positive mental health outcomes. We developed and tested a digital self-efficacy training for daily recall of autobiographical self-efficacy memories (e.g., memories of successfully overcoming a personal challenge).

Method

In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of the week-long digital self-efficacy training on key mental health outcomes, including anxiety, stress, and hopelessness, and on self-efficacy in 93 university students (mean age 23.3 years, SD: 3.49) with elevated self-reported stress levels. Participants completed either the self-efficacy training combined with ecological momentary assessment (EMA) (training group) or EMA only (control group).

Results

We found significantly reduced hopelessness and trait anxiety in the training group compared to the control group at post-assessment (one day post intervention). Effects on ratings of self-efficacy at post-assessment were also significant when controlling for baseline self-efficacy.

Conclusions

This stand-alone digital self-efficacy training was significantly associated with a number of positive effects on outcomes compared to a control condition, including reduced hopelessness, trait anxiety, and increased self-efficacy. Future work is needed to replicate and investigate the long-term effects of the training and explore its implementation in clinical populations.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05617248
Assessment of knowledge and perception of prescribers towards rational medicine use in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Djochie Richard Delali Agbeko , Owusu-Donkor Rita , d’Almeida Elizabeth Modupe , Gyamfi Akwah Francis Kwadwo , Kyeremateng Emmanuel , Opoku-Afriyie Samuel , Tabiri Cecilia Akosua , Kyei-Frimpong Francis , Dwomoh Samuel , Boakye-Yiadom Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Background

Prescribers must possess extensive knowledge and maintain a positive attitude towards the rational use of medicines to achieve desirable treatment outcomes and effectively prevent treatment failures, increased costs, drug toxicities, and interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate prescribers’ understanding and perception concerning the rational use of medicines in public hospitals. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors that influence rational prescribing practices.

Methods

A structured data instrument was developed to collect demographic data and evaluate participants’ knowledge and perception of rational medicine use, in line with the study objectives. Chi-squared statistics and Fisher’s exact test were utilized to identify factors associated with good knowledge and perception among participants. Logistic regression was then employed to assess the strength of the associations, with odd ratios reported at a significant level of 0.05.

Results

Out of 192 participants, 85.4% held a positive view of rational medicine use, stressing patient safety and recognizing risks like antimicrobial resistance and polypharmacy. Perception was influenced by factors such as prescriber profession, access to references, and drug bulletin updates. Additionally, 65.6% demonstrated good knowledge of rational medicine use, which was notably influenced by factors like using standard prescribing guidelines, having a functional Drug and Therapeutics Committee, prescriber profession, and the frequency of drug bulletin updates.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes the critical need to address knowledge gaps among healthcare professionals, especially nurses and other prescribers, to ensure the safe and effective use of medications. It highlights the positive influence of utilizing preferred prescribing references and the existence of functional Drug and Therapeutics Committees in hospitals on knowledge levels. However, the unexpected findings regarding the limited impact of frequent updates of drug bulletins require further investigation.
Modification of MWCNTs with Bi2WO6 nanoparticles targeting IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome via augmented autophagy
Authors: Rahoomi Zenaa R. , Ahmed Duha S. , Jabir Majid S. , Samir Haney , Swelum Ayman A.
Published: October 2024

This study reports the facile hydrothermal synthesis of pure Bi2WO6 and Bi2WO6\MWCNTs nanocomposite at specific molar ratio 1:2.5 of Bi2WO6:MWCNTs and elucidates their role in modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway via autophagy induction. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including XRD, Raman, UV.Vis PL,FESEM,EDS and TEM, revealed the successful incorporation of MWCNTs into the Bi2WO6 structures, leading to enhanced crystattlinity, reduced band gap energy (2.4 eV) suppressed charge carrier recombination and mitigated nanoparticles aggregation. Notably, the reduced band gap facikitaed improved visible light harvesting, a crucial attribute for photocatalytic applications. Significantly, the nanocompsoite exhibited a remarkable capacity to augment autophagy in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), consequently down-regulating the NLRP3 inflammasom activation and IL-1β secretion upon LPS and ATP stimulation. Immunofluorescence assays unveiled increased co-localization of LC3 and NLRP3, suggestion enhanced targeting of NLRP3 by autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA reversed these effects, confirming the pivotal role of autophagy induction. Furthermore, the nanocomposite attenuated caspase-1 activation and ASC oligomerzation, thereby impeding inflammasome assembly. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of Bi2WO6\MWCNTs nanocompsite as a multifaceted therapeutic platform, levering its tailored optoelectronic properties and sbility to modulate the NLRP3 infalmmasome via autophagy augmentation. This work covers the way for the development of advanced nanomaterials with tunable functionalities for combating inflammatory disorders and antimicrobial applications.
Prevalence and risk factors of frailty in older adults with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yaqing , Zhang Longhan , Li Xiaoyun , Luo An , Guo Sixuan , Liu Xun , Wei Xingyu , Sun Yuanhong , Wang Manyi , Liao Li
Published: October 2024

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in older adults with diabetes; and to identify the risk factors associated with frailty in this population.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Participants

24,332 people aged 60 years and older with diabetes.

Methods

Six databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Chinese Biomedical Database) up to 15 January 2024. Random effects models were used in instances of significant heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted to identify the potential source of heterogeneity. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were applied to assess the quality of included studies.

Results

3,195 abstracts were screened, and 39 full-text studies were included. In 39 studies with 24,332 older people with diabetes, the pooled prevalence of frailty among older adults with diabetes was 30.0% (95% CI: 23.6%-36.7%). Among the twenty-one studies involving 7,922 older people with diabetes, the pooled prevalence of pre-frailty was 45.1% (95% CI: 38.5%-51.8%). The following risk factors were associated with frailty among older adults with diabetes: older age (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04–1.13, p<0.05), high HbA1c (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.30–3.50, p<0.001), and less exercise (OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.36–7.12, p<0.001).

Conclusions

This suggests that clinical care providers should be vigilant in identifying frailty and risk factors of frailty while screening for and intervening in older adults with diabetes. However, there are not enough studies to identify comprehensive risk factors of frailty in older adults with diabetes.

Trial registration

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023470933.
The adoption non-adoption dichotomy: Why do smallholder producers dis-adopt improved chicken breeds?
Authors: Birhanu Mulugeta Y. , Kassie Girma T. , Dessie Tadelle
Published: October 2024

Adopting agricultural technologies is crucial to improve productivity and livelihoods in developing countries. While much research has focused on adoption decisions, understanding dis-adoption, when farmers stop using technology, is equally important. Studies on agricultural technology adoption often treat dis-adopters (those who initially adopted but later discontinued to use) and never-adopters (those who never adopted) as the same, using binary models to analyze farmers’ decisions. We argue that a better understanding of these decisions can be achieved by separately analyzing ’never-adoption’, ’dis-adoption’, and ’adoption.’ Using nationally representative data from three African countries, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Tanzania, we developed a multinomial logit model to analyze the adoption of improved chicken breeds. Our findings show that dis-adopters of improved chicken are different from never-adopters. Factors associated with dis-adoption include gender and education of household heads, access to training and extension services, breeding and culling practices, access to markets, use of complementary inputs, production objectives, landholding size, income diversity, and access to finance. Policies and strategies that aim to enhance sustained adoption and use of improved chicken breeds should promote a bundle of technologies, including tailored training, women empowerment, locally adapted and farmer-preferred chicken breeds, complementary inputs and services, innovative marketing strategies, and delivery models for bundles of technologies.
Discovery of PANoptosis-related signatures correlates with immune cell infiltration in psoriasis
Authors: Wu Li , Jiao Xin-long , Jing Ming , Zhang Sheng-xiao , Wang Yang , Li Chen-long , Shi Gao-xiang , Li Zhuo-yang , Liu Ge-liang , Yan Kai , Yan Li-xuan , Wang Qi , He Pei-feng , Yu Qi
Published: October 2024

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that relapses frequently. Keratinocyte apoptosis dysregulation plays a crucial role in the pathological mechanisms of psoriasis. PANoptosis is a process with intermolecular interaction among pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. The mechanism of PANoptosis in the occurrence and development of psoriasis is still unclear. Here we present a novel approach by identifying PANoptosis-related signatures (PANoptosis-sig) from skin tissue of psoriasis patients and healthy controls on transcriptional and protein levels. Five PANoptosis-sig (TYMP, S100A8, S100A9, NAMPT, LCN2) were identified. Enrichment analysis showed they were mainly enriched in response to leukocyte aggregation, leukocyte migration, chronic inflammatory response and IL−17 signaling pathway. Single cell transcriptome analysis showed TYMP and NAMPT were expressed in almost all cell populations, while LCN2, S100A8 and S100A9 were significantly highly expressed in keratinocyte. We then constructed predictive and diagnostic models with the PANoptosis-sig and evaluated their performance. Finally, unsupervised consensus clustering analysis was conducted to ascertain psoriasis molecular subtypes by the PANoptosis-sig. The psoriasis cohort was divided into two distinct subtypes. Immune landscape showed that the stromal score of cluster 1 was significantly higher than cluster 2, while the immune and estimate scores of cluster 2 were expressively higher than cluster 1. Cluster 1 exhibited high expression of Plasma cells, Tregs and Mast cells resting, while cluster 2 showed high expression of T cells, Macrophages M1, Dendritic cells activated, and Neutrophils in immune infiltration analysis. And cluster 2 was more sensitive to immune checkpoints. In conclusion, our findings revealed potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of psoriasis, enhancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PANoptosis.
Genetic deletion of calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ protects mice from diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Cybulsky Andrey V. , Papillon Joan , Guillemette Julie , Navarro-Betancourt José R. , Elimam Hanan , Fantus I. George
Published: October 2024

Calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ) is localized in glomerular epithelial cells (GECs)/podocytes at the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, and can mediate release of arachidonic acid and prostanoids. Global knockout (KO) of iPLA2γ in mice did not cause albuminuria, but resulted in mitochondrial structural abnormalities and enhanced autophagy in podocytes. In acute glomerulonephritis, deletion of iPLA2γ exacerbated albuminuria and podocyte injury. This study addresses the role of iPLA2γ in diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia was induced in male mice with streptozotocin (STZ). STZ induced progressive albuminuria in control mice (over 21 weeks), while albuminuria did not increase in iPLA2γ KO mice, remaining comparable to untreated groups. Despite similar exposure to STZ, the STZ-treated iPLA2γ KO mice developed a lower level of hyperglycemia compared to STZ-treated control. However, there was no significant correlation between the degree of hyperglycemia and albuminuria, and even iPLA2γ KO mice with greatest hyperglycemia did not develop significant albuminuria. Mortality at 21 weeks was greatest in diabetic control mice. Sclerotic glomeruli and enlarged glomerular capillary loops were increased significantly in diabetic control compared to diabetic iPLA2γ KO mice. Glomerular matrix was expanded in diabetic mice, with control exceeding iPLA2γ KO. Glomerular autophagy (increased LC3-II and decreased p62) was enhanced in diabetic iPLA2γ KO mice compared to control. Treatment of cultured GECs with H2O2 resulted in increased cell death in control GECs compared to iPLA2γ KO, and the increase was slightly greater in medium with high glucose compared to low glucose. H2O2-induced cell death was not affected by inhibition of prostanoid production with indomethacin. In conclusion, mice with global deletion of iPLA2γ are protected from developing chronic glomerular injury in diabetic nephropathy. This is associated with increased glomerular autophagy.
Application and renovation evaluation of Dalian’s industrial architectural heritage based on AHP and AIGC
Authors: Liu Yao , Wu Pengjun , Li Xiaowen , Mo Wei
Published: October 2024

This paper takes the example of industrial architectural heritage in Dalian to explore design scheme generation methods based on generative artificial intelligence (AIGC). The study compares the design effects of three different tools using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It first establishes the key indicator weights for the renovation of industrial architectural heritage, with the criterion layer weights as follows: building renovation 0.230, environmental landscape 0.223, economic benefits 0.190, and socio-cultural value 0.356. Among the goal layer weights, the highest weight is for the improvement of living quality at 0.129, followed by resident satisfaction at 0.096, and educational and display functions at 0.088, while the lowest is for renovation costs at only 0.035. The design schemes are generated using Stable Diffusion, Mid Journey, and Adobe Firefly tools, and evaluated using a weighted scoring method. The results show that Stable Diffusion excels in overall image control, Mid Journey demonstrates strong artistic effects, while Adobe Firefly stands out in generation efficiency and ease of use. In the overall score, Stable Diffusion leads the other two tools with scores of 6.1 and 6.3, respectively. Compared to traditional design processes, these tools significantly shorten the design workflow and cycle, improving design quality and efficiency while also providing rich creative inspiration. Overall, although current generative artificial intelligence tools still have limitations in understanding human emotions and cultural differences, with continuous technological iteration, this method is expected to play a larger role in the design field, offering more innovative solutions for the renovation of industrial architectural heritage.
(−)-Epicatechin regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and promotes ferroptosis in lung cancer cells via the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway
Authors: Lv Zengbo , Liu Peiwan , Yang Yingyu , Ji Jianhua , Wu Anao , Huang Wensheng , Zhang Liqiong , Zhang Zhijun , Yang Yunkui , Li Wenhui , Huang Meifang
Published: October 2024

Objective

(−)-Epicatechin (EC) is an active ingredient of Fagopyrum dibtrys (D. Don) Hara and can regulate lung cancer progression. However, the specific regulatory mechanism is poorly understood. This study explored the specific mechanism of EC in the treatment of lung cancer.

Methods

H460 cells were injected subcutaneously into the left dorsal sides of nude mice to establish an animal model of lung cancer. H460 and H1299 cells and nude mice were treated with different concentrations of EC. The expression levels of related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected by CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Flow cytometry was used to detect the Ca2+ level in lung cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissues.

Results

This study revealed that ferroptosis in lung cancer cells was inhibited during lung cancer development. EC treatment promotes ferroptosis, inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, and inhibits the formation of tumors in vivo. Ferroptosis inhibitors (Fer-1) weaken the effects of EC on lung cancer cells, whereas a ferroptosis inducer (erastin) further promotes the effects of EC. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the EC-induced ferroptosis of lung cancer cells, and treatment with GSK, an inhibitor of the ER stress protein PERK, can reverse the effect of EC.

Conclusion

EC therapy activates the PERK–eIF2α–ATF4 signaling pathway to increase ER stress, thereby promoting ferroptosis in lung cancer cells and inhibiting the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Our research suggests that EC may become a drug candidate for treating lung cancer.
A computational model for bacteriophage ϕX174 gene expression
Authors: Hill Alexis M. , Ingle Tanvi A. , Wilke Claus O.
Published: October 2024

Bacteriophage ϕX174 has been widely used as a model organism to study fundamental processes in molecular biology. However, several aspects of ϕX174 gene regulation are not fully resolved. Here we construct a computational model for ϕX174 and use the model to study gene regulation during the phage infection cycle. We estimate the relative strengths of transcription regulatory elements (promoters and terminators) by fitting the model to transcriptomics data. We show that the specific arrangement of a promoter followed immediately by a terminator, which occurs naturally in the ϕX174 genome, poses a parameter identifiability problem for the model, since the activity of one element can be partially compensated for by the other. We also simulate ϕX174 gene expression with two additional, putative transcription regulatory elements that have been proposed in prior studies. We find that the activities of these putative elements are estimated to be weak, and that variation in ϕX174 transcript abundances can be adequately explained without them. Overall, our work demonstrates that ϕX174 gene regulation is well described by the canonical set of promoters and terminators widely used in the literature.
Acceptability testing of the Carers-ID intervention to support the mental health of family carers of people with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities
Authors: Linden Mark , Truesdale Maria , Leonard Rachel Aine , Brown Michael , Marsh Lynne , Todd Stuart , Hughes N. , Forbes Trisha
Published: October 2024

Background

Providing care and support for a person with intellectual disabilities can be challenging and may negatively impact on family carers’ health and wellbeing. A online support programme was co-designed with charitable organisations and family carers, to help meet the mental health and wellbeing needs of family carers.

Objective

To test the acceptability of a newly developed online support programme for carers of people with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities.

Methods

A sequential mixed-methods explanatory design was utilised. An adapted version of the Acceptability of Health Apps among Adolescents Scale was distributed to family carers across the United Kingdom and Ireland who had viewed the Carers-ID.com intervention. Participants were then invited to take part in an online interview. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed separately and then brought together through the triangulation protocol.

Results

Seventy family carers (47 female, 23 male) responded to the acceptability survey, with 10 (7 female, 3 male) taking part in interviews. Carers expressed high levels of programme acceptability (mean = 75.43 out of 88). Six themes were generated from interviews with family carers; i) time is precious, ii) the breadth and depth of module content, iii) it was somebody’s experience; it was meaningful, iv) won’t work for everyone, v) representation: people I could identify with, and vi) module specific suggestions for future changes. Based on our triangulation, four areas of convergence were identified: programme usability and ease, attitudes towards the programme, perceptions of effectiveness, and programme relatability.

Conclusions

To be acceptable, online interventions for carers of people with intellectual disability need to be accessible, understandable and easy to use, as carers’ free time can be limited. It would be important to investigate the effectiveness of online interventions for family carers, specifically considering which carers the intervention works for, and for whom it may not.
Dynamic composition of stress granules in Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Aye Htay Mon , Li Feng-Jun , He Cynthia Y.
Published: October 2024

Stress granules (SGs) are stress-induced RNA condensates consisting of stalled initiation complexes resulting from translational inhibition. The biochemical composition and function of SGs are highly diverse, and this diversity has been attributed to different stress conditions, signalling pathways involved and specific cell types. Interestingly, mRNA decay components, which are found in ubiquitous cytoplasmic foci known as processing bodies (PB), have also been identified in SG proteomes. A major challenge in current SG studies is to understand the cause of SG diversity, as well as the function of SG under different stress conditions. Trypanosoma brucei is a single-cellular parasite that causes Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). In this study, we showed that by varying the supply of extracellular carbon sources during starvation, cellular ATP levels changed rapidly, resulting in SGs of different compositions and dynamics. We identified a subset of SG components, which dissociated from the SGs in response to cellular ATP depletion. Using expansion microscopy, we observed sub-granular compartmentalization of PB- and SG-components within the stress granules. Our results highlight the importance of cellular ATP in SG composition and dynamics, providing functional insight to SGs formed under different stress conditions.
Gas exchange in yellow passion fruit hybrids in the Semiarid region
Authors: Arantes Alessandro de Magalhães , Silva Jeandson Pereira da , Jesus Onildo Nunes de , Rosa Raul Castro Carriello , Teixeira Sandra Santos
Published: October 2024

Agronomic characterization and exploitation of the genetic variability in plants of the Passiflora can reveal important genetic resources because the Passiflora species grown under semiarid conditions make important contributions to breeding. The aim of this work was to evaluate the vegetative and physiological characteristics of fifteen yellow passion fruit hybrids in semiarid conditions. The experiment was conducted at IF Baiano – campus Guanambi, Bahia, Brazil. The 15 treatments were 10 genotypes: H09-10; GP09-02; H09-02; H09-14; H09-07; H09-09; FOP09; GP09-03; H09-30; FOP08 from the Active Germplasm Bank of the Genetic Breeding Program of Embrapa Cassava and Fruits, and five commercial hybrids: FB200; FB300; BRS SC; BRGA; BRS Rubi. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications and five observational units per plot. Vegetative characteristics (main branch length, number of functional leaves, number of nodes, and number of flower buds) were measured at full vegetative development, 90 days after transplanting (DAT). Hybrid H09-10 is the earliest in flowering, physiologically more efficient in the morning, closes stomata in the afternoon, regulates transpiration, and has lower leaf temperature, higher photosynthesis rate, and more efficient water use. Gas exchanges and photosynthesis rates, at 300 DAT, vary between hybrids and reading times: photosynthesis is higher in the morning while transpiration is greater in the afternoon. The reduction in carboxylation efficiency is related to non-stomatal factors. Gas exchange variables of the genotypes tend to be directly correlated with the photosynthetically active radiation incident on the leaf
Quality and postharvest conservation of sour passion fruit genotypes
Authors: Araújo James Maciel de , Andrade Neto Romeu de Carvalho , Tavella Leonardo Barreto , Leite Hugo Mota Ferreira , Araújo Marlon Lima de , Saraíva Lessa Lauro , Abreu Marcos Giovane Pedroza de , Sebim Marim João Paulo
Published: October 2024

The postharvest phase is a limiting factor for climacteric fruits such as passion fruit due to rapid deterioration causing wilting and favoring the occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the postharvest quality of passion fruit genotypes cultivated in Mâncio Lima, Acre, as a function of the storage period after harvest. The experiment was set up and conducted at the Plant Science Laboratory of the Federal University of Acre, Campus Floresta. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 10 x 5 factorial arrangement referring to 10 sour passion fruit genotypes and five postharvest evaluation periods, with three replications of six fruits. The fruits were evaluated for physical and chemical quality. Analysis of variance and polynomial regression were performed at 5% significance. The genotypes showed oscillations regarding the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits depending on the storage time. All evaluated genotypes are recommended for cultivation. However, when harvested directly from the ground after detached from the plant, fruits must be stored for up to 10 days at room temperature.
Araceae Juss. used as an ornamental in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Cristina Alves , Andrade Ivanilza Moreira de , Costa Creusa Carvalho da , Santos Seliomar de Sousa Oliveira , Souza Ruanna  Thaimires Brandão
Published: October 2024

Araceae Juss. is widely used by the local population for various purposes, including food, mysticism and crafts. The aim of this study was to conduct a survey of Araceae species used in neighborhoods in Floriano, Piauí, and to classify these species based on their origin and habit. The research employed the "Rapport" technique and semi-structured interviews with residents of the of Floriano, Piauí, along with an analysis of the species use value. Nineteen species belonging to thirteen genera were documented, categorized into two main uses: ornamental and mystical. Species such as Aglaonema commutatum Schott, Dieffenbachia seguine Schott, Epipremnum aureum (Linden & André) G.S.Bunting and Zamioculca zamiifolia (Lodd.)Engl. exhibited the highest use value (0.016 each). These species are predominantly cultivated and are of exotic origin, with varying habits including climbing, epiphytic, hemiepiphytic, and herbaceous. Caladium bicolor, Monstera obliqua and Philodendron acutatum are species native to Brazil, found in the  Northeast region. However, only while Philodendron acutatum was recorded on the  flora of the state.  Studies like this contributes  to the dissemination of local knowledge and facilitate the exploration of the Araceae flora. Further research is warranted to identify additional use categories and to catalog Araceae species specific to the state, given the limited availability of studies on this plant family in the region.
Development of scallion (Allium fistulosum L.) in substrate and homeopathic solutions of water hyacinth
Authors: Palacios Sthefany dos Santos Maidana , Ribeiro Joyce Wandela Viana , Mapeli Nilbe Carla , Cremon Cassiano , Mapeli Ana Maria
Published: October 2024

Scallion (Allium fistulosum) is a widely appreciated condiment in the Brazilian population, with significant economic and nutritional importance. Organic cultivation alternatives for this crop have been sought. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the development of scallion in a substrate produced from the floating aquatic plant known as Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), combined with soil or without it, with the application of homeopathic solutions. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with five replicates and six treatments, namely: Pure Water Hyacinth Substrate (SAP); Water Hyacinth Substrate with Homeopathic solution (SA+HA); Soil and Water Hyacinth Substrate (S+SA); Soil and Water Hyacinth Substrate with Homeopathic solution (S+SA+HA); Pure Soil (SP), and Soil with Homeopathic solution (S+HA). The following parameters were evaluated 60 days after planting: plant height in centimeters (AP), shoot diameter in millimeters (DP), and the number of shoots (NP). Analysis of variance revealed that plant height (AP) did not exhibit significant differences between substrates with or without the homeopathic solution. In contrast, substrates containing Water Hyacinth exhibited greater shoot diameter and number of shoots. This study showed that the Water Hyacinth substrate and homeopathic solution had promising results in the production of scallion seedlings when combined with soil.
Granulomatous Colitis Due to Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Authors: Koulali Hajar , Azzmouri Samira , Tajir Mariam , Zerrouki Khawla , Haloui Anass , Elmqaddem Ouiam , Zazour Abdelkrim , Ismaili Zahi , Kharrasse Ghizlane
Published: October 2024

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis, and multiorgan involvement. Granulomatous enterocolitis may occur in a subset of patients. Distinguishing HPS from other diseases such as Crohn's disease can be challenging, and managing HPS-associated colitis is complex. Recent reports suggest potential efficacy of infliximab in treating HPS-related granulomatous colitis. Here, we document the case of a 27-year-old patient with genetically confirmed HPS type 1, presenting with granulomatous colitis and successfully treated with corticosteroids and infliximab.
Transforming Heritage: Analyzing Cultural Capital and Value Shifts in Indonesia's Ngunjung Buyut Tradition
Authors: Arief Dwi , Komariah Siti , Wulandari Puspita
Published: October 2024

Social change and modernization have impacted various traditions in Indonesia, including Ngunjung Buyut, an ancestral homage tradition that holds significant meaning for the Indramayu community, West Java. In the context of changing times, this tradition has undergone a shift in values. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method conducted in Penganjang Village, Indramayu Regency. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and participatory observation involving informants from both older and younger generations. Data analysis focuses on identifying forms of cultural capital that have emerged within the Ngunjung Buyut tradition in the contemporary era. Findings indicate that objectified cultural capital, such as ngarak processions and artistic performances, has become the primary attraction for younger participants, shifting the focus away from religious activities like communal prayer. While these supporting activities have successfully increased youth engagement, this shift poses a risk to the internalization of religious values. Additionally, this transformation has created a new dynamic in social solidarity, where recreational aspects now overshadow the tradition’s original spiritual significance.
Perubahan sosial dan modernisasi telah memengaruhi berbagai tradisi di Indonesia, termasuk Ngunjung Buyut, tradisi penghormatan leluhur yang penting bagi masyarakat Indramayu, Jawa Barat. Dalam konteks perkembangan zaman, tradisi ini mengalami pergeseran nilai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus di Desa Penganjang, Kabupaten Indramayu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipatif yang melibatkan informan dari golongan tua dan muda. Analisis data berfokus pada identifikasi bentuk modal budaya yang terbentuk dalam tradisi Ngunjung Buyut di era sekarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa objectified cultural capital, seperti kegiatan ngarak dan pertunjukan seni, kini menjadi daya tarik utama bagi generasi muda, menggeser fokus dari kegiatan religius seperti doa bersama. Meskipun kegiatan pendukung berhasil meningkatkan partisipasi generasi muda, pergeseran ini menimbulkan risiko berkurangnya internalisasi nilai keagamaan. Selain itu, perubahan ini juga menciptakan dinamika baru dalam solidaritas sosial, di mana aspek rekreatif lebih menonjol dibandingkan dengan makna spiritual awal tradisi.
Vulnerabilidades e violações dos direitos humanos a partir da carga global de doenças no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Rosaneli Caroline Filla , Karasinski Murilo , Machado Michelotto Leonardo , Deboni Ricciardi Fernanda , Oliveira Pereira Felipe Eduardo , Welter Pioresan Isadora
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar e discutir, a partir da carga global de doenças, as vulnerabilidades e violações de direitos humanos sob a perspectiva da saúde como um direito. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa, visando responder como a carga global de doenças influencia os fatores de vulnerabilidade individual, social e programática, bem como as violações de direitos humanos no acesso à saúde da população brasileira. Dos 428 artigos encontrados, 119 foram incluídos nesta revisão. O texto acrescenta análises e reflexões sobre as camadas interconectadas entre os indivíduos, suas redes de participação social e as instituições que deveriam protegê-los, mas que, por vezes, acentuam as desigualdades de acesso e desamparo. Sob essa perspectiva, a bioética se apresenta como uma ponte possível para compreender as estruturas que expõem os indivíduos, os profissionais de saúde, a coletividade e as instituições às vulnerabilidades no acesso à saúde.
O dilema ético da necromancia digital: o caso de Elis Regina e uma solução parcial por parte dos legisladores brasileiros
Authors: Khauaja Pedro
Published: October 2024

A combinação da morte e da tecnologia é um tema delicado, especialmente quando se inclui a inteligência artificial (IA), como foi visto no Caso Elis Regina no Brasil. A Volkswagen utilizou IA para reviver a imagem da cantora, já falecida, em um anúncio publicitário, o que gerou um amplo debate a nível nacional e global sobre as implicações éticas e legais de a IA criar novas imagens de pessoas falecidas, fenômeno conhecido como “necromancia digital”. Iniciativas como o Projeto de Lei N.º 3592/23 buscam regular o uso da imagem post-mortem, exigindo consentimento explícito ou, na falta deste, presumindo sua proibição. Este artigo explora as dimensões bioéticas que o caso levanta, aprofundando-se nos dilemas éticos e nas respostas legais, ao mesmo tempo que lança luz sobre o panorama em evolução da bioética e do direito na era do avanço tecnológico. Por meio do estudo do caso, o artigo conclui que o Projeto de Lei N.º 3592/23 oferece uma solução parcial para um dilema ético complexo, abrindo uma possível via para futuros reguladores.
O que retratam as publicações na contemporaneidade sobre a geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos (GRSU) e/ou consumismo na perspectiva do ensino de química?
Authors: de Sousa Xavier Marcos , Oliveira Nunes Albino , Alcântara Alves Leonardo
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo teve o objetivo de evidenciar as pesquisas acerca das temáticas de geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos e do consumismo na perspectiva do ensino de Química entre os anos de 2018 e 2023. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo Estado da Arte, conforme Romanowski e Ens (2006), na base de dados do Periódicos Capes acerca das temáticas supracitadas. A metodologia utilizada foi de natureza qualitativa. Já as formas de análise aplicadas tanto foram mediadas pelo software IRAMuTeQ como tradadas pela análise de conteúdo Bardin (2002). Em relação ao levantamento no Periódicos Capes, obteve-se um corpus textual com 15 resumos de artigos. Ainda enquanto resultados, para a estatística textual, observou-se, por meio do IRAMuTeQ, o surgimento de 82 segmentos de texto (ST), com aproveitamento de 65 ST (79,3%) e seis classes na Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD). Sendo esse um aproveitamento satisfatório, que permite classificar essa análise como consistente e, consequentemente, transitar para a análise de conteúdo a partir da CHD. Os lemas Resíduos e Geração foram os grandes destaques da Análise de similitude, precedidos pelos lemas Tecnologia, Ambiental, Estudante e Consumismo. Já em relação à análise de conteúdo, houve o surgimento de duas categorias bastante importantes que se comunicam bem com esse objeto de estudo. Enquanto consideração, averigua-se que na contemporaneidade dos últimos cinco anos, há fortes indícios de lacunas quanto ao uso dessas temáticas no ensino de Química, sendo importante um maior investimento de tempo dos pesquisadores para o desenvolvimento da área.
Reflexões e tessituras a partir dos trabalhos de conclusão de curso: para onde caminha a educação física cearense?
Authors: Nogueira Pedro Henrique Silvestre , Martins Raphaell Moreira , Espina Barrio Ángel Baldomero , Lopes Martha Belén Gutiérrez , Martins Daniel Valério
Published: October 2024

Em muitas instituições do Brasil se faz necessário a elaboração do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso para a obtenção do diploma de graduação. Os TCCs revelam tendências da produção científica, como é o caso dos cursos de Educação Física estruturados de acordo com as Diretrizes Nacionais Curriculares (2018). Neste estudo se objetivou analisar as temáticas e aportes teóricos, refletidos nos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso, que subsidiam a produção científica da área de Educação Física de um Centro Universitário localizado no Estado do Ceará. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica e de viés predominante qualitativo. Os dados foram analisados pelo emprego da Análise de Conteúdo e da estatística descritiva simples. Os resultados evidenciaram uma maior produção oriunda do campo da licenciatura (54,4%), sendo que as pesquisas bibliográficas e de fundamentação, diagnóstico ou descrição foram as mais empregadas nos seis semestres analisados. Surgiram como principais temas emergentes, estudos sobre Dependência Digital, Ensino Remoto e a Educação Física enquanto instrumento de prevenção do transtorno da ansiedade generalizada. Considera-se, neste cenário, que a prática de mapear e avaliar a produção de conhecimento na área da Educação Física vai, aos poucos, tornando-se recorrente pelo fato de desvendar possibilidades e rupturas nesta área de conhecimento.
Evaluation Activity of Teachers in the Educational Process at a Higher Educational Institution
Authors: Kiryakova Aida V. , Kargapoltseva Natalya A. , Sakharova Natalia S. , Osiyanova Olga M. , Kargapoltseva Darya S.
Published: October 2024

The presented article is devoted to the organization of the control and analytical activities of teachers in a university. Based on the works by Polyakova & Lushkina, (2011), the authors clarified the concept of "control and analytical activity of university teachers", analyzed its components, systematized domestic and foreign experience in organizing the control and analytical activity of teachers in a higher educational institution. The article also presents the author complex of organizational and pedagogical conditions for the effective organization of the control and analytical activity of teachers, which helps to improve the quality of education among university students: the implementation of the basic functions of the educational process on the basis of control and analytical activity, targeted training of teachers for the quality of control and analytical activities; implementation of a system for student education quality monitoring.
State Support for Agriculture in the Region: Economic and Social Aspects
Authors: Kuts Vasily , Abdullayev Ilyоs , Shichiyakh Rustem , Abushenkova Marina , Poltarykhin Andrey , Vaslavskaya Irina
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the human potential of the crop industry of the Altai Territory, formed based on the results of the assessment of state support for the agricultural sub-sector. The purpose of this work is to develop recommendations for improving the directions of state support for the agricultural sector in the Altai Territory. Materials and methods: the assessment of state support for the agricultural sub-sector is based on specific indicators and on the materials of specific enterprises. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of state support in the field of agricultural production are considered. A study of state support of the agricultural sector on the example of a subject of the Russian Federation has been conducted. The main problems of the development of state support for the agricultural sector in the Altai Territory are outlined. Recommendations were formulated for state support of human capital in agriculture. The conducted research has shown that the methods of state support of the agricultural sector at the regional level are economic methods and administrative and legal methods.
Legal Consciousness of Mining Workers in the Ural Mining Region in the Late 19th to Early 20th Century
Authors: Korobkov Yuriy D. , Koldomasov Ilya O. , Krivonogova Svetlana A. , Kvasyuk Elena N. , Velikanova Svetlana S. , Ivanov Alexey G.
Published: October 2024

The reform of modern Russian society, among many directions, involves the creation of a civil society and a rule of law in our country. Achieving this goal is impossible without the formation of an adequate legal consciousness adopted by the strategy. One of its supporting structures is the socio-cultural and mental foundations that have developed over the past centuries of Russian history and largely determine the attitude of Russians to the law, its representatives and other components of the legal sphere. Taking into account the duration of the formation of legal practices of the population and their consolidation in the mass consciousness at the level of behavioral codes, this problem requires its consideration on earlier historical material. To this end, the article analyzes the features of the legal consciousness of the workers of the mining Urals in the late XIX –early XX centuries. In the course of the study, we came to the conclusion that the attitude of the Ural workers to the law was determined not by formal legal norms, but by its interpretation in accordance with their ideas of justice and legal dualism on the principle of "judging by the law or by conscience". In the future, this served as a popular legal legitimization of any lawlessness, if it was committed in the interests of the masses and led to the priority of group regulatory regulators over national ones.
Early childhood educators’ change of strategies to recognize and assess the child via distance education
Authors: Aydos Emine Hande , Düzyol Türk Endam , Yağan Sevcan
Published: October 2024

Aim of this study was to identify the recognition and assessment techniques used by early childhood educators both before and after the pandemic using a fundamental qualitative research approach. 17 preschool teachers participated in the study using a semi-structured interview form. The study's conclusions are arranged according to several themes. The methods preschool teachers employ to recognize and assess the child during in-person instruction is the first of these themes. Teachers utilize a variety of techniques to recognize and assess children during in-person instruction, including observation, developmental observation forms, developmental reports, warm-up games, drawing, working with families, anecdotes, sociometry, and portfolio work. The sudden switch to online instruction-assessment techniques in remote learning has resulted in unanticipated challenges and unexpected situations for the preschool teachers as they attempt to implement the teaching process. In such unanticipated circumstances, it is important to look at how early childhood educators recognize and assess children.
Nutrient and energy conservation through nano-fertilizers in maize
Authors: K. Asha Kiran , H. M. Jayadeva , Gowdra Vinay M. Gangana , N. Pruthviraj , D. J. Kotresh , A. R. Devika
Published: October 2024

In the current scenario, achieving food security while conserving resources and energy is a significant challenge. Maize is a widely cultivated but nutrient-exhaustive crop. The adoption of nanotechnology-based nano-fertilizers offers a pathway to achieving sustainable yields while reducing fertilizer requirements and conserving energy. A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2021 to explore nutrient and energy conservation through nano-fertilizers in maize at the University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru. The experiment involved nine treatments comprising various combinations of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) with nano-urea and nano Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) under a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results indicated that Treatment T5 - 75% of the Recommended Dose of Nitrogen (RDN) + Nano-N—achieved a higher yield (10.20% higher than the conventional practice, T1-RDF + Farmyard Manure (FYM)) and improved nutrient uptake at harvest [299.22, 55.56, and 208.26 kg of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) per hectare, respectively]. This treatment also demonstrated greater physiological efficiency (36.11, 200.66, and 52.70 kg of maize per kg of N, P, and K, respectively), higher energy output (260,851 MJ ha?¹), improved energy use efficiency (16.93), enhanced energy productivity (0.627 kg MJ?¹), and better energy profitability (15.93). Using 75% of RDN + Nano-N increases yield while reducing fertilizer use and conserving energy.