bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ética profesional en la praxis del docente de Administración gestión municipal.
Authors: Ramirez Rodríguez Susany Yuhamer , Bazán Rodríguez Emilinda Josefina
Published: January 2024

La ética profesional en el docente universitario otorga resultados positivos en el desarrollo de sus competencias, adquiriendo responsabilidad moral y estatus en el ámbito académico, lo que le puede conferir el reconocimiento de ser académicos responsables, comprometidos, autónomos y justos en el campo de la Administración como objeto de este artículo. Para este texto, se planteó como propósito general visibilizar la conducta del experto universitario y su praxis en la administración de gestión municipal de la extensión Aroa de la Universidad Nacional Experimental de la Fuerza Armada Nacional (UNEFA), Venezuela. Se aborda este estudio desde el paradigma postpositivista, fundamentado en la teoría critico social con el método Investigación Acción Participación (IAP); igualmente, empleando la observación participante y la entrevista a profundidad como instrumento de investigación, a tres informantes claves, con talento en el área estudiada, en el análisis y el tratamiento de datos, para lo cual se adaptó la triangulación temporal. Además, se procedió con el espiral autoreflexiva para finalizar el estudio, se hizo visible el conocimiento de la ética profesional, alterando la verdad del escenario. Con respecto a los productos obtenidos, se resalta la importancia de nutrir la pedagógica para reforzar los lazos de comunicación con colegas y estudiantes, así la intelectualidad oriento la búsqueda de bases conceptuales y guio la ruta para encontrar métodos y elementos didácticos en la práctica docente; actividad inherentemente deontológica apoyada en una atmósfera de relación y seguridad entre enseñante y estudiantes.
The challenge of Foreign Investment in Mexico: Between Theory and Public Opinion. An Analysis of Perception and Challenges Regarding FDI as a Source of Innovation
Authors: Ocadiz-Amador Veronica
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This research explores the public opinion of online news consumers, expressed through Facebook comments, regarding Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a source of innovation in Mexico. The study seeks to comprehend the challenges faced by FDI in the country and their potential impact on the public perception of FDI as a driver of innovation in the Mexican economy.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study examines previous research that explores FDI as a source of innovation in host economies, aiming to provide the context necessary for understanding how the public perceives the role of foreign resources in fostering innovation in Mexico.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology employed in this research was the phenomenological design of a qualitative approach to analyze interactions and comments on Facebook from users who consume online news related to FDI in Mexico. The aim was to identify patterns and trends in public opinion regarding the perception of FDI as a source of innovation.
 
Findings: The theoretical perspective suggests that FDI can foster innovation in host countries; however, an analysis of public perception revealed challenges and controversies associated with FDI in the Mexican economy.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implications: The comprehension of public opinion regarding FDI as a source of innovation allows the establishment of suitable strategies for the integration of Mexican companies into the international market.
 
Originality/Value: This paper offers a perspective to understand how public opinion of FDI can influence its role as a catalyst for innovation in the Mexican economy.
The Accounting Reflection of the Investment’s Tax Benefits
Authors: Terrinca Catarina Carvalho Peres , Moreira Cândido Jorge Carvalho Peres , Geraldes João Manuel Afonso
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The central objective is therefore to explain the tax benefits for investment and their reflection in the rendering of accounts, by understanding the broad concept of tax benefits, understanding the diversity that exists, with a particular focus on effectively demonstrating their applicability.

 

Theoretical Framework: In view of the Portuguese economic context, the government has systematically created new programs and adopted tax measures aimed at granting tax benefits to promote the growth and economic development of companies. According to Teixeira (2008), the legislator establishes tax benefits with the aim of protecting the environment, encouraging savings, fostering employment and vocational training, preserving culture and cultural heritage, making incentives in tax systems crucial. In Portugal there are various types of tax benefits, such as income tax, tax deductions, investment tax and others. There are around 600 tax benefits that you can take advantage of if you consider all the conditions for their use.

 

Design/Methodology/Approach: In this research, the tax benefit being analyzed will be investment, due to its importance in the business world and the complexity associated with it, making it an important instrument in terms of promoting competitiveness, supporting investment and, consequently, the economy of countries.

 

Findings: It was possible to conclude that, except for the BFCIP, all the benefits are processed via IRC tax’s deduction and can’t be combined with other benefits of the same nature, except for RFAI and DLRR, which can be combined with each other if the limits aren’t exceeded.

 

Research, Practical & Social Implications: This information can be used by any interested entitie to improve current conditions, optimize and enhance the usage of tax benefits for investment.

 

Originality/Value: Tax benefits are a hot topic in the business world and beyond, given that they are a special tax regime that allows companies to have a tax advantage or relief compared to the normal one, helping them to have a lower financial impact by bearing less tax.
Enfoque CTSA na Formação Inicial de Professores: Compreensões Tecidas a partir da Análise dos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos de Licenciatura em Química do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Oliveira Rosilene dos Santos , Kiouranis Neide Maria Michellan
Published: January 2024

A presente pesquisa objetiva compreender como o enfoque CTSA (Ciência/Tecnologia/Sociedade/Ambiente) se apresenta na ementa e na matriz curricular dos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos (PPC) de Licenciatura em Química de Instituições públicas de Ensino Superior do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Para tanto, identificaram-se 21 instituições que ofertam o curso de Licenciatura em Química, cujos PPC foram analisados mediante a Análise Textual Discursiva. Por meio do processo analítico, foi possível constatar que os PPC investigados apresentam a inserção do enfoque CTS(A), predominantemente, em componentes curriculares pedagógicos como conteúdo CTS e, em menor número, como componente curricular CTS. Essa constatação direciona à necessidade de o enfoque CTS(A) ser também contemplado nos componentes curriculares específicos, uma vez que a formação docente requer a articulação entre conhecimentos específicos e pedagógicos.
Os metais na cidade de Oliveira do Bairro: uma sequência didática para o ensino secundário de Química
Authors: Pires Fátima , Guerra Cecília
Published: January 2024

A História, a Arte e a Química de monumentos metálicos na cidade de Oliveira do Bairro (Portugal) motivaram a investigação e o desenvolvimento da sequência didática - SD “CtoC – Chemistry to City” para a melhoria das aprendizagens de vinte alunos de Química do 12º ano de escolaridade. Numa abordagem de ensino inovadora, o Design Thinking, eles desenharam módulos de comunicação e educação explorando as relações entre a Ciência - Química, Tecnologia e Sociedade no meio local, contribuindo para a melhoria da literacia científica dos envolvidos. A análise do conteúdo das respostas dos alunos a um questionário (antes e após a implementação da SD) e a uma entrevista, e ainda dos registos da professora investigadora, evidencia o potencial da SD para a melhoria das aprendizagens dos alunos na compreensão da relação entre as propriedades dos metais e as ligações químicas, na pesquisa e comunicação, no pensamento crítico e criativo e no relacionamento interpessoal.
Desarrollo de una escala de intención de uso del comercio móvil y su validación mediante análisis compuesto confirmatorio
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Marina Isabel , López-Torres Virginia Guadalupe
Published: January 2024

La intención de comportamiento se ha estudiado desde la teoría de la acción razonada para predecir el comportamiento de los individuos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar y validar una escala para medir la intención de uso del comercio móvil, a partir de las variables de la teoría unificada de aceptación y uso de tecnología como impulsores, y las variables riesgo percibido y tradición como inhibidores. El instrumento fue aplicado en línea a 211 consumidores del estado de Baja California, México. Se utilizó el análisis compuesto confirmatorio para verificar la fiabilidad del instrumento, así como la validez convergente, discriminante, nomológica y predictiva. Se obtuvo un instrumento válido y confiable para medir la influencia de las variables expectativa de rendimiento, influencia social, motivación hedónica, riesgo percibido, condiciones facilitadoras y tradición en la intención de uso del comercio móvil. La escala desarrollada satisface los criterios exigibles a un modelo de medición reflectivo.
Efecto de la fermentación en medio sólido sobre el contenido de fenoles totales y la capacidad antioxidante del maíz
Authors: Ramírez-Esparza Ulises , Ochoa-Reyes Emilio , Baeza-Jiménez Ramiro , Buenrostro-Figueroa José Juan
Published: January 2024

El maíz contiene un gran número de compuestos antioxidantes, muchos de ellos unidos a componentes de la pared celular, por lo que requieren tratamientos para liberarlos, como el uso de enzimas o procesos de fermentación. La fermentación en medio sólido (FMS) con Rhizopus oryzae se ha aplicado para aumentar la capacidad antioxidante (CA) y el contenido fenólico en cereales y leguminosas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la FMS con R. oryzae sobre la CA y el contenido de fenoles totales (CFT) del maíz. La FMS se realizó en bolsas zip-lock (25 cm2) a 30 °C/72 h, con un inóculo de 1 x 106 esporas/g. Se tomaron muestras cada 12 h, el extracto se recuperó con etanol al 80 % y se utilizó para determinar el CFT y la CA (ensayo ABTS+, DPPH y FRAP). Los valores más altos se obtuvieron a las 60 h de cultivo, con un CFT de 1.92 mg/gramos de materia seca (gms) y una CA de 1.47 mg de equivalentes Trolox por gramo de materia seca (mg ET/gms), 1.27 mg ET/gms y 5.8 mg Fe+2/gms para los ensayos de ABTS+, DPPH y FRAP, respectivamente. El uso de FMS permitió aumentar hasta 0.83 y 1.25 veces el CFT y la CA del maíz, con respecto al tiempo 0 h. El maíz fermentado con R. oryzae mostró potencial para ser empleado como materia prima para el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales, al incrementar su CA a través de un bioproceso.
El efecto de la mejora continua en la productividad y calidad, de la empresa PSF
Authors: Gomez-Valdez Luis Enrique , Cervantes-Collado Karla Emilia
Published: January 2024

A lo largo de la historia, se han desarrollado métodos e instrumentos para establecer y mejorar la productividad y los procesos de las empresas. El mejoramiento continuo más que un enfoque o un concepto es una estrategia, que constituye una serie de programas generales de acción que permiten que los procesos y la empresa sean más productivos y competitivos. El presente caso de estudio siguió un método hipotéticodeductivo, el cual tiene como principal objetivo describir el proceso de diseño, validación y fiabilidad de un instrumento de medición para el análisis del área de producción con la finalidad de poder proponer un plan de mejora continua para incrementar la productividad de la empresa Papel San Francisco (PSF), una empresa mexicana dedicada a la producción de papel higiénico, partiendo del análisis de la situación actual de la productividad en la empresa y de la percepción de los empleados sobre el mejoramiento continuo, midiendo los resultados mediante la elaboración del instrumento obteniendo la validación del mismo dando un resultado de fiabilidad altos y satisfactorios con un proceso de pilotaje de 50 empleados de las implementaciones preliminares.
Uso de las TIC´s en el Aprendizaje del Inglés
Authors: Martínez-Moreno Patricia , Vergara-Camacho José Antonio , Kim-Galvez Mitzu Itzel
Published: January 2024

El idioma inglés se ha vuelto uno de los idiomas más hablados en el mundo, se estima que 800 millones de personas hablan inglés. En México, la demanda de este idioma cada vez es más evidente ya que se ha convertido en una herramienta intercultural de comunicación; así también en un contexto educativo en constante transformación las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) se han convertido en una herramienta de gran apoyo para la educación y en este caso, para la facilitación del aprendizaje de otro idioma. Los programas computacionales de enseñanza de la lengua ofrecen al estudiante la oportunidad de estudiar conversaciones y textos, realizar ejercicios de gramática y vocabulario y, aún más, escuchar los textos y grabar sus voces. La introducción de las TIC en el aula de idiomas tiene grandes implicaciones para la reforma curricular, la enseñanza en el aula y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. En la actualidad existen diversas plataformas, videos que te ayudan a aprender, entender y leer mejor el inglés, aplicaciones creadas para dispositivos móviles con el fin de que las personas en sus tiempos libres puedan practicar, con base a juegos, y actividades. Por lo anterior, esta investigación tiene el propósito de determinar los usos que estudiantes dan a las TIC en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés.
Formulación de proyectos de intervención empresarial y el pensamiento complejo en la formación tecnológica
Authors: Navarro-Alvarado Alberto , González-Moreno Cynthia Dinorah , Sánchez-Beltrán Martha Irene
Published: January 2024

El Sistema de Educación Superior (SES) en México, se compone de trece subsistemas, entre instituciones públicas, privadas y de financiamiento mixto, las cuales atienden a una población de 4.4 millones de estudiantes. El Subsistema Tecnológico de Educación Superior, parte del enfoque basado en el desarrollo de competencias y habilidades a partir de la ejecución de desempeños que buscan conciliar la teoría y la práctica. Dicha conciliación se lleva a cabo, principalmente, a través de la mediación entre lo que se aprende en las aulas y la ejecución de prácticas en tres niveles de desarrollo, a saber, prácticas de asignatura, proyectos de investigación y residencia profesional. El presente estudio arroja información sobre cómo influye la formación cognitiva en el desarrollo de proyectos, los cuales tienden a concentrarse en un área específica, por lo que se propone considerar el paradigma de la complejidad como base metodológica para el desarrollo de proyectos.
Review of English Pronunciation Teaching Theory, Practice, and Research Findings
Authors: Mahmoood Rizgar Qasim
Published: January 2024

English Pronunciation Teaching: Theory, Practice and Research Findings, by Veronica G. Sardegna and Anna Jarosz, Multilingual Matters 2023. 282 Pages. $50.00 (eBook), £119.95 (Hardback), $59.95 (Paperback), ISBN 9781800410480.
Células de langerhans
Authors: Gallego Vidales Leydi Yohana , Valbuena Mesa Martha Cecilia
Published: January 2024

Las células de Langerhans se encuentran en las capas suprabasales de la epidermis y desempeñan un papel inmunológico importante relacionado con la vigilancia inmune, el procesamiento de antígenos y la inducción de tolerancia. Estas células poseen unas características semejantes a las células dendríticas y a los macrófagos, lo cual les aporta una gran versatilidad y les permite desarrollar funciones únicas. Por otro lado, intervienen en la patogenia de varias dermatosis desde infecciosas hasta tumorales y son un objetivo interesante para la terapia de muchas enfermedades dermatológicas
¿Reconoce esta clave diagnóstica?
Authors: Arenas Sepúlveda Jennifer , Peña Mejia Laura Andrea , Correa Londoño Luis Alfonso , Mejia Barreneche Maria Natalia
Published: January 2024

El hamartoma ecrino angiomatoso está caracterizado por una proliferación de múltiples estructuras ecrinas y vasculares, generalmente se presentan desde el nacimiento, con crecimiento proporcional al individuo; como placas o nódulos solitarios o múltiples de coloración variable que afectan principalmente a las extremidades distales. Se desconoce la patogenia exacta, pero se han propuesto varias teorías, como la inducción anormal de dependencia heterotípica con malformación resultante de los elementos anexiales y mesenquimatosos. Se debe confirmar el diagnóstico con el estudio histopatológico, en donde se encontrará una neoplasia en la dermis media o profunda con proliferación de estructuras ecrinas y elementos vasculares pequeñas. Para los pacientes sintomáticos el tratamiento es la escisión quirúrgica.
Hamartoma ecrino angiomatoso una rara entidad
Authors: Arenas Sepúlveda Jennifer , Correa-Londoño Luis Alfonso , MejíaBarreneche Maria Natalia , Peña-Mejía Laura Andrea
Published: January 2024

El hamartoma ecrino angiomatoso está caracterizado por una proliferación de múltiples estructuras ecrinas y vasculares, generalmente se presentan desde el nacimiento, con crecimiento proporcional al individuo; como placas o nódulos solitarios o múltiples de coloración variable que afectan principalmente a las extremidades distales. Se desconoce la patogenia exacta, pero se han propuesto varias teorías, como la inducción anormal de dependencia heterotípica con malformación resultante de los elementos anexiales y mesenquimatosos. Se debe confirmar el diagnóstico con el estudio histopatológico, en donde se encontrará una neoplasia en la dermis media o profunda con proliferación de estructuras ecrinas y elementos vasculares pequeñas. Para los pacientes sintomáticos el tratamiento es la escisión quirúrgica.
Digital breast tomosynthesis added to synthetic mammography (DBT + s2D) in women with partially fatty or heterogeneously dense breasts (patterns 2 and 3 ACR BI-RADS): Systematic review, metaanalysis, and clinical outcomes in brazilian breast cancer screening
Authors: Couto Henrique Lima , Zanghelini Fernando , Gargano Ludmila Peres , Coelho Bertha Andrade , Oliveira Vilmar Marques , Silva Filho Agnaldo Lopes da , Hassan Augusto Tufi , Pessoa Eduardo Carvalho
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objectives of this study were to compare DBT + s2D to digital mammography (DM) in breast cancer screening of women with breast patterns 2 and 3 ACR BI-RADS and evaluate the clinical outcomes in Brazil. Methodology: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) comparing DBT+s2D with DM in women between 40 and 69 years old with breast patterns B and C of ACR BI-RADS 5th Edition eligible for biennial breast cancer screening. The Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched on September 06, 2022 for the descriptors: digital breast tomosynthesis, DM, and breast cancer combined to Boolean AND or OR. To estimate outcomes between the screening strategies, a hybrid decision analytic tree with a Markov transitional model was built. Results: A total of 18 publications from 11 studies were included, two randomized clinical trials and the others, prospective or retrospective observational studies. The detection cancer rate of DBT+s2D was 1.35 (RR, p <0.001) , the detection invasive cancer rate was 1.48 (RR, p <0.001), the recall rate (RR) was 0.81 (RR, p=0.028), the biopsy rate was (BR) 0.89 (RR, p=0.303), and the positive predictive value for recall (PPV1) was 1.64 (RR; p <0.001) when compared with DM. For every 10,000 screening exams, 49 biopsies and 69 recalls would be avoided with DBT+s2D. DBT+s2D would have a lower rate of interval cancer (0.13% for DBT+s2D and 0.19% for DM), while it would detect more patients in the early stage of breast cancer (TNM 1) 0.74% for DBT+s2D and 0.45% for DM). DBT+s2D would present superior results regarding the number of false positives and true negatives. For every 10,000 screens, 79 false positives would be avoided, and 80 more true negatives would be identified when compared with DM. Conclusion: DBT + s2D breast cancer screening for women with breast patterns B and C BI-RADS would improve Brazilian screening outcomes when compared with mammography.
Distribución espacial de Pinus y Quercus en un gradiente altitudinal de bosque templado en Guadalupe y Calvo, Chihuahua
Authors: García García Samuel , Alanís Rodríguez Eduardo , Rubio Camacho Ernesto , Aguirre Calderón Oscar , Yerena Yamallel José Israel , Cuéllar Rodríguez Luis Gerardo , Chávez-Costa Alejandro
Published: January 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los patrones de distribución espacial de las especies de Pinus y Quercus a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal en un bosque templado del noroeste de México. Se analizó la uniformidad de los individuos (Wi), la mezcla de especies (Mi) y la dominancia dimensional (Ui) mediante parámetros estructurales basados en las relaciones con los cuatro vecinos más cercanos. Los datos se obtuvieron de 37 sitios de muestreo en tres niveles altitudinales (Nivel 1: 2 200-2 600 m, Nivel 2: 2 600-2 800 m y Nivel 3: 2 800-3 200 m), lo que generó un total de 979 grupos estructurales para todas las especies. Pinus contribuyó con 191, 51 y 41 grupos en los niveles 1, 2 y 3; mientras que Quercus aportó 192, uno y cero, respectivamente. Pinus evidenció tendencia hacia la aleatoriedad, y los encinos también en el Nivel 1, aunque en este análisis se observó que a mayor altitud Pinus tiende hacia una distribución regular. La mezcla de especies fue de media a alta para Pinus, lo cual indica que sus individuos están rodeados de árboles de especies diferentes, y con Quercus ocurrió al contrario. La dominancia dimensional reveló que los ejemplares de Pinus tienen mayor altura que los del género Quercus en todo el gradiente, especialmente en el Nivel 1. Este enfoque proporciona una comprensión exacta de la función que cumplen las especies en la dinámica de los ecosistemas forestales.
Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Biologi Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Pada Materi Perubahan Lingkungan di Kelas X.8 SMAN 5 Mataram Tahun Ajaran 20022/2023
Authors: Juliastari Jihan , Wahyuningsih Rita , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Published: January 2024

Motivasi belajar merupakan salah satu factor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan belajar peserta didik. Seseorang akan mendapatkan keberhasilan dalam belajar apalagi ada keinginan untuk belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu melalui penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning digarapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas X.8 SMAN 5 Mataram pada materi perubahan lingkungan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), penelitian dilakukan 2 siklus dimana pada siklus II motivasi belajar peserta didik meningkat dibandingkan dengan siklus I yang dilihat dari hasil belajar peserta didik.
FORMATION OF LABOR POTENTIAL: THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Private Higher Educational Institution ", Shterma Tatiana ,   Bukovinian University", Dubyna Marija ,   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, Soloviy Andriy ,   State University of Ekonomics and Technology
Published: January 2024

The formation, development and effective use of labor potential is the key task of our country today, tomorrow and in the future. Today, in the conditions of Russia’s military aggression and migration processes, in the conditions of the post-war period, these are extremely important issues, the solution of which is of national importance and takes an appropriate amount of time and requires the use of appropriate management methods, tools and mechanisms. Labor potential is the main source of post-war economic development. For this, it is necessary to implement a mechanism for the return of labor potential to the homeland, investment programs for the restoration of housing, civil infrastructure, a program to stimulate business development, and update and modernize the education system.
THE EXPANSION FEATURES OF UKRAINIAN BUSINESS INTO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS DURING THE WAR
Authors:   “Lviv Polytechnic” National University, Mashchak Nataliia
Published: January 2024

Even before russian-Ukrainian war start, domestic business considered entering international markets as an additional source of income by expanding sales markets. Business development abroad creates all the conditions for enterprises to changing conditions adaptation of doing business in another country and to make it possible to use the new technological solutions advantages. Entering international markets became an important task for Ukrainian business after the full-scale invasion, so it began to actively explore opportunities for expansion abroad in order to reduce the risks associated with the war and maintain stable operations. Even before the war, Ukrainian business was organizationally ready to enter international markets, but there were a number of restraining factors: the Ukrainian market was lively and capacious; Ukrainians are characterized by perfectionism and an inferiority complex and problematic access to capital. However, the current security and economic realities in Ukraine have pushed many companies to speed up this process. Companies that did not have significant assets tied to Ukraine were the fastest to cope with the task of entering the international market.
ADVANCES IN UKRAINE’S CUSTOMS TRANSIT PROCEDURES
Authors:   State Tax University, Hrebelnyk Oleksandr , Melnyk Olena ,   State Tax University, Borsa Vadym ,   State Tax University
Published: January 2024

A pivotal facet of Ukraine’s steadfast pursuit of EU membership resides in its ambitious blueprint for customs integration. Aligned with the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement, the plan aims to harmonize legislation, foster economic collaboration, and implement the revolutionary CCTP. This system streamlines operations and adapts to evolving trade dynamics, paving the way for a successful and sustainable integration. The narrative delves into the evolution of legislative frameworks, the role of Conventions in streamlining customs procedures, and the impactful history and significance of the NCTS in enhancing transit operations and trade facilitation. Scientific contributions offer detailed analyses of Ukraine’s transit system, shedding light on its evolution, challenges, and alignment with EU customs standards. Despite challenges, the NCTS implementation shows progress, requiring further adjustments to address ongoing issues. Ongoing efforts to attract more companies for transit simplifications are expected to bolster NCTS.
STATE POLICY TO REGULATE THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF PROFESSIONALS WITH HIGHER EDUCATION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   PJSC «Interregional Academy of Personnel Management», Karbovska Lіubov , Mazur Yulia ,   PJSC «Interregional Academy of Personnel Management», Zhelezniak Kateryna ,   State Higher Educational Institution «National Transport University»
Published: January 2024

The theoretical and methodological approaches and conceptual provisions regarding the state policy of regulation of supply and demand in the labor market of specialists with higher education are considered; a retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the theory and practice of state regulation of education was carried out; the models and instruments of state regulation of higher education in developed countries are summarized, the level of balance of demand and supply in the labor market of specialists with higher education is assessed. A mechanism for the interaction of labor markets and educational services has been developed; proposed directions and measures for improving the state regulation of supply and demand in the labor market of specialists with higher education in Ukraine.
Evaluation of Oil Palm Biomass Potential for Bio-oil Production via Pyrolysis Processes
Authors:   Prince of Songkla University, Khongphakdi Phornthip , Palamanit Arkom ,   Prince of Songkla University, Phusunti Neeranuch ,   Prince of Songkla University, Tirawanichakul Yutthana ,   Prince of Songkla University, Shrivastava Pranshu ,   Prince of Songkla University
Published: January 2024

The yield and quality of bio-oil obtained from pyrol ysis processes depends on many factors, including the pyrolysis types, reactor types, operating conditions and biomass property. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the potentiality of oil palm biomass, including oil palm trunk (OPT), oil palm fronds (OPF), oil palm decanter (DC), and oil palm root (OPR) for producing bio-oil via pyrolysis processes. The potentiality of oil palm biomass was considered in terms of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, higher heating value, potential use as energy equivalent to fossil fuels, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and lignocellulose content. The results showed that the moisture content of dried samples was in the range of 7.5-10.7% (w.b), which was relatively low and appropriate for pyrolysis processes. The volatile content of OPT and OPF was higher than 72% (wt.). The carbon, oxygen and hydrogen content of oil palm biomass samples were in the range of 41.5-45.6, 30.7-40.2 and 5.7-5.9% (wt.), respectively. The higher heating value (HHV) and potential use as energy of the samples was relatively low compared to the HHV of fossil fuels. The OPT and OPF had high cellulose and hemicellulose content, while also providing low lignin content compared to the lignin content of DC and OPR. The TGA results showed that the thermal decomposition of the samples took place within the range of 200–450°C, with the lignin content strongly affecting the thermal decomposition trend. These results revealed that the selected oil palm biomass exhibited potentiality for producing bio-oil via pyrolysis processes, particularly the OPT and OPF.
The Effects of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. and Astragalus Membranaceus Single Extracts on Bone Metabolic Profile in Ovariectomized Mice
Authors: Park Min Jung , Kim Cha Soon , Ha Ki-Tae , Baek Ju-Hwa , Cho Hyewon , Lee Youngeun , Kim Chang-Woon , Joo Bo Sun
Published: January 2024

Background: Metabolic bone disease, associated with estrogen deficiency, is common condition in postmenopausal women. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PL) and Astragalus membranaceus (AM) have been known to have estrogenic activity and to improve postmenopausal osteoporosis symptoms when used as a mixture with other herbs. However, there have been no comparative studies on the effects of PL and AM on the bone metabolic profile. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of the single extracts of PL and AM on bone and metabolic profile, and further to compare the effects of the two herbs. Method: A total of 70 mice were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10): six groups were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) and one group served as a sham-operated control (Sham). Two OVX groups received PL at 23.5 (OVX-PL-L) and 47 (OVX-PL-H) mg/kg bw/day. Another two OVX groups received AM at 38.5 (OVX-AM-L) and 77 (OVX-AM-H) mg/kg bw/day. The remaining two groups served as positive and negative controls and received estradiol valerate (OVX-E2) and distilled water (OVX-vehicle). Vehicle (distilled water), PL, AM, and E2 were administered to mice by oral gavage once a day for 6 weeks at a volume of 10 mL/kg of body weight. The body and uterine weights, serum lipid profiles, osteocalcin levels, and biomarkers of bone formation were measured. The expressions of the genes associated with the estrogen receptor (ER)-related downstream pathway were examined in the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells. Results: Treatment with PL and AM reversed OVX-induced body weight gain and changes to serum triglyceride, estradiol and osteocalcin levels at both doses. Evaluation of bone formation revealed that low-dose (23.5 mg) PL resulted in improvements in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV), whereas AM improved all bone formation related parameters, BMD, BV/TV, trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) at a high dose. There was no significant difference in the effects of PL and AM on changes in body weight and BMD, but high-dose AM was more effective than PL in restoring changes in osteocalcin levels and formation of the trabecular bone structure. Both PL and AM increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase and protein kinase B in MCF-7 cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that both low-dose PL and high-dose AM can be effective herbal alternatives to inhibit body weight gain and improve bone metabolism. This effect was more pronounced with AM than with PL.
Impact of Peripartum Depression and Anxiety Symptoms on Unplanned Cesarean or Operative Vaginal Births: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Rol María José , Cuerva Marcos Javier , Palomares María de los Angeles , Vallecillo Carmen , Franke Stella , Bartha José Luis
Published: January 2024

Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms can impact childbirth. The aim of this study was to examine the association between peripartum depression and anxiety symptoms with unplanned cesarean or operative vaginal births. Methods: This single-center observational study categorized women into two groups based on the presence (or absence) of depression symptoms in the last 7 days. We collected birth records, demographic data, clinical characteristics, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores, and visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain. Results: A total of 201 women participated in the study, with 37 (18.4%) experiencing depression symptoms, and 164 (81.6%) without such symptoms. Women with peripartum depression symptoms were more likely to require an unplanned medical intervention (unplanned cesarean or operative vaginal birth) compared to those without such symptoms (54.1% vs. 28.0%; p = 0.002). Similarly, women with peripartum anxiety symptoms were also more likely to require an unplanned medical intervention (43.0% vs. 25.2%; p = 0.008). Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that experiencing peripartum depression symptoms independently increased the probability of undergoing an unplanned cesarean or operative birth. Conclusions: Women experiencing symptoms of peripartum depression near the time of birth are at a higher risk of having an unplanned cesarean or operative vaginal birth.
High-Throughput Sequencing to Investigate the Expression and Potential Role of Differentially Expressed microRNAs in Myocardial Cells after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Li Senjie , Lv Dongqing , Lu Yan , Zhang Yanwei , Jia Yongping
Published: January 2024

Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, but the relationship between miRNAs and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role and function of miRNAs and identify target genes regulating I/R. Methods: We established a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model to detect differentially expressed miRNAs using high-throughput sequencing in rat myocardial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were used to analyze the potential functions and signaling pathways of target genes. Results: We identified 113 differentially expressed miRNAs, comprising 76 and 37 upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. Database predictions suggested that miR-200a-3p may act through the ferroptosis pathway, and we assessed the expression of miR-200a-3p, iron ions, and ferroptosis markers. The expression of miR-200a-3p significantly increased in the H/R group, along with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron ions. When the expression of miR-200a-3p was inhibited, iron ions and ROS levels decreased significantly. Western blotting showed that transferrin receptor (TFRC) and Acyl-coA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) levels were decreased and Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression was increased. Conclusions: These findings offer a novel perspective on I/R regulation, and the specific mechanisms underlying the actions of miR-200a-3p merit further investigation.
Computationally Enhanced, Haemodynamic Case Study of Neointimal Hyperplasia Development in a Dialysis Access Fistula
Authors: Bartlett Matthew , Bonfanti Mirko , Diaz-Zuccarini Vanessa , Tsui Janice
Published: January 2024

Background: Oscillatory wall shear stress and related metrics have been identified as potential predictors of dialysis access outcomes; however, the absence of a simple non-invasive method for measuring these haemodynamic forces has been prohibitive to their adoption into routine clinical practice. We present a computationally enhanced, single patient case study, offering a unique insight into the haemodynamic environment surrounding the development of flow limiting neointimal hyperplasia within the efferent vein of a previously functional arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Methods: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to create a quantitative map of oscillatory shear stress as well as enabling visualisation of streamline patterns within the AVF. CFD data was compared to ultrasound-based turbulence quantification and examined alongside structural and functional changes in the access site over time. Results: This work further supports the notion that flow limiting neointimal hyperplasia development in vascular access fistulae, occurs in response to oscillatory wall shear stress, and provides proof of concept for the idea that non-invasive ultrasound turbulence quantification tools could play a role in predicting vascular access outcomes. Conclusions: In addition to providing insight into the haemodynamic environment surrounding the development of flow limiting neointimal hyperplasia, we hope that this paper will promote discussion and further thinking about how our learnings from in-silico studies can be incorporated into clinical practice through novel uses of existing diagnostic tools.
A global cross-cultural analysis of string figures reveals evidence of deep transmission and innovation
Authors: Kaaronen Roope Oskari , Walsh Matthew J. , Henrich Allison K. , Wisher Isobel , Miu Elena , Manninen Mikael A. , Eronen Jussi T. , Riede Felix
Published: January 2024

Few cultural practices beyond language are as widespread as string figure games. Their global distribution and potential to yield insights into cultural transmission and cognition have long been noted. Yet, it remains unknown how or when this behavior originated and to what extent shared motifs are signals of repeated innovations or deep cultural transmission. Here, we combined a global cross-cultural inventory of string figures with a novel methodology based on knot theory, which enables the unequivocal numerical coding of string figures. We performed a computational analysis of a sample of 826 figures from 92 societies around the world. Across these societies, we found 83 recurring string figure designs, some of which are regionally restricted while others display a global distribution. The cognitively opaque nature of string figure designs and their clear geographic distribution reveals processes of cultural transmission, innovation, and convergent evolution. Most strikingly, the global distribution of some figures raises the possibility of shared ancient origins.
Time trends in adolescent depressive symptoms from 2010 to 2019 in Norway: Real increase or artifacts of measurements?
Authors: Nilsen Sondre Aasen , Stormark Kjell Morten , Bang Lasse , Brunborg Geir Scott , Larsen Marit Hjellset , Breivik Kyrre
Published: January 2024

Background: Whether the recent rise in adolescent self-reported depressive symptoms is influenced by changing reporting behavior is much debated. Most studies use observed sum scores to document trends but fail to assess whether their measures are invariant across time, a prerequisite for meaningful inferences about change. We examined whether measurement noninvariance, indicative of changing perceptions and reporting of symptoms, may influence the assessment of time trends in adolescent depressive symptoms.Methods: Data stem from the nationwide repeated cross-sectional Ungdata-surveys (2010-2019) of 560,712 responses from adolescents aged 13-19 years. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Kandel and Davies’ six-item Depressive Mood Inventory. Using structural equation modelling, we examined measurement invariance across time, gender and age, and estimated the consequences of noninvariance on cross-cohort time trends. Results: Across most conditions, the instrument was found measurement invariant across time. The few non-invariant parameters detected had negligible impact on trend estimates. From 2014, latent mean depressive symptom scores increased among girls. For boys, a U-shaped pattern was detected, whereby an initial decrease in symptoms was followed by an increase from 2016. Larger issues of noninvariance were found across age in girls and between genders. Conclusions: From a measurement perspective, the notion that changed reporting of symptoms has been an important driver of secular trends in depressive symptoms was not supported. Thus, other causes of these trends should be considered. However, noninvariance across age (in girls) and gender highlights that depressive symptoms are not necessarily perceived equivalently from early to late adolescence and across gender.
Effect of Plant Density and Fertilizer Management Practices on Yield of Spring Maize
Authors: Mandal Binod Kumar , Yadav Pankaj Kumar , Marahatta Santosh , Bhujel Prabina
Published: January 2024

The grain yield of maize is lowered by an insufficient plant population and an unbalanced fertilizer application. An experiment was carried out in the spring to address these problems. The treatments were set up in a split-plot design with three replications and included factorial combinations of three planting densities and four fertilizer levels: 120:60:40 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1, 120% RBR, 150% RBR, and site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), 140:40:40 kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Both the barrenness and sterility percentages were higher (p<0.05) for the highest planting densities and the lowest for the lowest plant densities. A higher (p<0.05) number of kernels per cob was recorded at the lowest plant density and the highest amount of fertilizer application. For the lowest and highest plant densities, the leaf area index increased the grain yield, whereas longer grain filling duration and less barrenness and sterility increased (p<0.05) the grain yield for all plant densities. The number of kernels per row or cob was the most crucial factor in increasing the yield of maize under a higher plant density, whereas the final plant population was the most crucial factor in increasing the yield under a lower plant density. Due to a higher number of final plant populations and comparable yield traits, the grain yield of the planting density with the highest grain production was significantly higher. The increased amount of fertilizer (144:72:48 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1, 180:90:60 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1) gave a higher grain yield. The plant densities of 66667 ha-1 and 83333 ha-1 were better, whereas the present recommended dose of N: P2O5:K2O should be increased or need-based SSNM must be adopted to obtain more profits from spring maize.
Performance of Promising Rice Genotypes as Affected by Different Nitrogen Levels in Central Terai of Nepal
Authors: Gyawali Chetan , Chaulagain Bhimsen , Kaduwal Sangita , Gyawaly Pankaj , Paneru Prakash , Khatri Narayan , Pantha Prakash
Published: January 2024

Application of appropriate level of nitrogen (N) for rice is a key to increase nitrogen use efficiency thereby yields. Six rice genotypes under six N levels were evaluated in a split plot design with three replications under irrigated conditions in National Rice Research Program, Dhanusha during 2020 with the objective of determining the high yielding variety and the best dose of N for obtaining higher yield. The six rice genotypes were NR 2168, NR 2158, NR 2157-122, NR 2175, NR 2182 and PR 126 while various N levels were 0. 75, 100, 125, 150 and 175 kg N ha-1. The results indicated that NR 2182 recorded the highest grain yield of 5.28 t ha-1 while PR 126 recorded the lowest grain yield 3.98 t ha-1. A linear increase in grain yield was observed with a continuous increase in N level from 0 to 150 kg ha-1 while it decreased thereafter. The grain yield was significantly higher with the application of 150 kg N ha-1 as compared to control. Agronomic N use efficiency for studied rice genotypes varied significantly and ranged from negative to 12.63 kg grain yield per kg of N applied. NR 2182 recorded the highest value of agronomic nitrogen use efficiency for the N level of 150 kg ha-1. It can be concluded that increasing nitrogen levels resulted in significant variations in the response of different varieties, with all varieties consistently recording lower yields at highest N levels. Thus, opting for an intermediate N level appears both economically prudent and environmentally sustainable.
Policy Domains in Water Management: Assessing the Influence of Finance in Environmental Governance
Authors: Gibson Christopher W.
Published: January 2024

This article examines how public officials in the field of water supply governance navigate overlapping policy domains. Drawing lessons from Daly’s critique of the dominant economic paradigm of our time, this study focuses on the intractable tension between growth and dwindling environmental resources. Using data from interviews and participant observations, I seek to understand the work of environmental governance officials in a region that seems to be firmly committed to pro-growth policy regimes, despite increasing stress on water supplies. I identify five policy domains as analytic categories to study the various events and actions in water governance. The domains are Political, Financial, Technological, Environmental, and Developmental. The analysis suggests that regulatory compliance and finance-oriented objectives are central drivers that shape water management. The data show that aside from times of legal compulsion—that is, regulatory compliance—financial considerations tend to take precedence, as other matters are filtered through a lens of financial costs and benefits. Building on previous research, I suggest that the centrality of financial aims in this setting is consistent with the financialization of society in general. Consequently, we can expect the presence of positive and negative financial feedbacks rooted in the funding structures of contemporary urban governance. These contribute to advantages for municipalities with wealthier tax bases and systematic marginalization of places with less economic resources. In closing, I suggest that the negative financial feedback can be conceptualized as the financial pathology of institutions, and I underscore promising avenues for lasting and socially equitable environmental reform.
Engineering and psychological aspects of professional activity of operators complex technical systems
Authors: Chepurnov Ilia Aleksandrovich , Kovalev Roman Konstantinovich
Published: January 2024

The main engineering and psychological aspects of the professional activity of operators of complex technical systems have been studied. Models of the control process in the “man-machine” system are considered in detail. The mental processes during information processing by the operator of complex technical systems are given.