bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polityka Unii Europejskiej przeciwdziałająca szkodliwej międzynarodowej optymalizacji opodatkowania
Authors: Gajewski Dominik Jan
Published: January 2020

Działalność holdingów międzynarodowych stała się kluczowa dla gospodarki europejskiej. Szczególną uwagę należy zwrócić na aspekty podatkowe, które są związane z transgraniczną działalnością holdingów. Coraz częściej stosują one w swojej strategii agresywną optymalizację opodatkowania. Polityka podatkowa poszczególnych państw członkowskich okazała się mało skuteczna. Jednocześnie brak wspólnej i zharmonizowanej polityki podatkowej przeciwdziałającej optymalizacji opodatkowania stał się poważnym problemem dla Unii Europejskiej. Dlatego ideą Komisji Europejskiej jest – z jednej strony – wypracowanie koncepcji podatkowej, która będzie w stanie skutecznie przeciwdziałać międzynarodowej optymalizacji opodatkowania stosowanej przez holdingi, z drugiej zaś – będzie integralna z wewnętrznymi systemami podatkowymi państw członkowskich.
Polityka państwa wobec upowszechnienia elastycznych form zatrudnienia w Polsce
Authors: Pańków Maciej
Published: January 2020

W czerwcu 2015r. Sejm przyjął nowelizację Kodeksu pracy, zgodnie z którą wprowadzone zostaje ograniczenie łącznego czasu trwania umów o pracę na czas określony zawieranych z jednym pracodawcą do 33 miesięcy, o ile nie istnieją obiektywne powody, aby tego typu kontrakt został zawarty na dłuższy okres. Zmiany, które wejdą w życie 22 lutego 2016 r., obejmują również m.in. zrównanie czasu trwania okresów wypowiedzeniamiędzy umowami terminowymi i na czas nieoznaczony – dotychczas w umowie o pracę na czas określony zawieranej na sześć miesięcy lub dłużej można było zawrzeć klauzulę o możliwości jej rozwiązania z dwutygodniowym wypowiedzeniem. Zmiana przepisów jest reakcją na rozpowszechnienie w Polsce praktyki zatrudniania na podstawie umów terminowych. Osiągnęło to skalę niespotykaną w innych krajach Unii Europejskiej. Nowe regulacje mogą spowodować, że po raz pierwszy od kilku lat udział zatrudnionych na czas określony wśród pracowników najemnych może ulec zmniejszeniu.Problem nadmiernego udziału elastycznych form zatrudnienia doczekał się w ostatnich latach w Polsce bogatej literatury. Stał się przedmiotem badań ekonomistów i socjologów oraz dyskusji specjalistów prawa pracy. Popularność elastycznych form zatrudnienia spotkała się również z aktywną krytyką ze strony związków zawodowych, co znalazło odbicie w mediach – dość wspomnieć o karierze terminu „umowy śmieciowe” począwszy od 2012r.Autor podejmuje próbę syntetycznego omówienia problemu elastycznych form zatrudnienia, obejmującego kwestie: przyczyn ich popularności wśród pracodawców, intensywności stosowania różnych form zatrudnienia na podstawie dostępnych danych, kształtu przepisów ochronnych krajowego prawa pracy i praw pokrewnych regulujących zawieranie różnego rodzaju umów na rynku pracy w świetle wymogów stawianych przez Unię Europejską i Międzynarodową Organizację Pracy, a także społecznych i ekonomicznych konsekwencji stosowania elastycznych form zatrudnienia.
TTIP – Transatlantyckie Partnerstwo w sprawie Handlu i Inwestycji – źródłem zagrożeń dla gospodarki i społeczeństwa
Authors: Oręziak Leokadia
Published: January 2020

TTIP – Transatlantyckie Partnerstwo w sprawie Handlu i Inwestycji to umowa, która niesie wiele zagrożeń dla gospodarki, środowiska naturalnego, praw konsumenta, praw pracowniczych oraz dostępności do usług publicznych w państwach Unii Europejskiej.Zawarte w umowie mechanizmy, w tym dotyczące rozstrzygania sporów między państwami a inwestorami zagranicznymi, oznaczają także liczne zagrożenia dla demokracji. Korzyści, które mają wynikać z realizacji tej umowy, przypadną przede wszystkim wielkim korporacjom uczestniczącym w handlu transatlantyckim, zagrożenia będą dotyczyły przede wszystkim obywateli i społeczeństw państw unijnych. Przewidywane niemalpowszechne stosowanie, w wyniku umowy, zasady wzajemnego uznawania przepisów, oznaczać będzie w praktyce obniżenie zabezpieczeń chroniących prawa obywateli, pracowników i konsumentów w Unii Europejskiej. Liberalizacja handlu w ramach TTIP będzie czynnikiem wymuszającym zwiększoną konkurencję również wobec małych i średnich firm polskich, a w rezultacie także presję na zmniejszenie płac i innych kosztów, w tym związanych z koniecznością przestrzegania norm czy standardów. Zagrożeń jest więc zdecydowanie więcej niż korzyści.
Creating a Post-Socialist Developmental State: The Political Economy of China’s Transformation and Development
Authors: Bolesta Andrzej
Published: January 2020

Since 1978 China has been undergoing a dual process of:– systemic transformation from a centrally-planned state-command economic model to a market-based open economic model, and– the acceleration of socio-economic development to become a high income economy.This article argues that to accelerate economic growth in the transformational period, China has been following the provisions of the Post-Socialist Developmental (PSDS) model. This model fuses two processes: post-socialist economic transformation (PST) and the establishment of the developmental state (DS). Historically, the DS model is believed to be the systemic, institutional and policy arrangement responsible for spectacular civilizational advancements of East Asian economies in the second half of the twentieth century.In effect China is attempting to imitate its developmentally successful neighbours, in particular, Japan and Korea, despite being significantly different in terms of its capacity and historical-institutional experiences. It does so by introducing economic nationalism as the paramount state ideology, by creating a central economic bureaucracy to guide reforms, by keeping planning as an important state instrument, and, foremost, by maintaining a strong and authoritarian state in charge of development and keeping the society relatively weak, nevertheless engaging it in the process of policy creation. At the same time the PSDS model’s implementation results in the state’s preference for a gradual path of systemic reformulation.Moreover, China’s economic policies resemble the economic policies of Japan and Korea. The industrial policy is focused on targeting certain sectors and industrial production is, to a large extent, aimed at export. The state utilises market distortive instruments in its policy of international economic expansion.Even the current efforts at economic liberalization by the administration of president Xi Jinping are not aimed at dislocating the PSDS principles. In fact, many recent institutional and organizational changes prove that the state’s leadership is willing to continue its PSDSdetermined path. Moreover, external and internal factors contribute to this conviction; hence China’s interventionist state will prevail in the foreseeable future.
Wybrane aspekty gospodarki odpadami w Polsce
Authors: Grzymała Zbigniew , Maśloch Grzegorz
Published: January 2020

Dynamiczny wzrost konsumpcji powoduje powstawanie coraz większych ilości odpadów przemysłowych i komunalnych. Są one powodem wielu problemów we wszystkich krajach świata, a zapobieganie ich nadmiernemu powstawaniu, ich racjonalne wykorzystanie i w ostateczności bezpieczne unieszkodliwienie to jedne z najważniejszych wyzwań stojących przed współczesnymi miastami. Zarządzanie gospodarką odpadami czy polityka wobec zagospodarowania odpadów znajduje się w sferze szerokich zainteresowań Unii Europejskiej, jeśli chodzi zarówno o aspekty rozwiązań prawnych, w tym chroniących środowisko naturalne, jak i ekonomiczne wykorzystanie odpadów w ramach gospodarki miejskiej. Polska, podążając za trendami unijnymi, dostosowuje swoje prawodawstwo do prawodawstwa unijnego. W ten sposób przykłada się coraz większą wagę do polityki „odpadowej”, implementując niektóre rozwiązania w zakresie zagospodarowania odpadów z modeli szwedzkiego czy niemieckiego, próbując np. część odpadów przekształcać termicznie i uzyskać w ten sposób paliwo do produkcji ciepła i energii elektrycznej.Artykuł ma na celu zaprezentowanie bieżących problemów narosłych wokół polityki gospodarki odpadami w Polsce przede wszystkim w związku z nowelizacją regulacji zawartych w ustawie o utrzymaniu porządku i czystości w gminach. Zostaną również przybliżone kwestie tzw. zamówień in house, związane z powierzeniem odbioru odpadów komunalnych własnym spółkom miejskim.
Perbedaan Literasi Pemahaman Keuangan Terhadap Mahasiswa Akuntansi dan Mahasiswa Manajemen
Authors: Octaviani Lydia , Laturette Kazia
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyze the differences in understanding of financial literacy in Accounting and Manajemen students in the 2015-2016 class, knowing the level of literacy held by students of the Accounting Study Program and students of the Management Study Program, and to analyze differences in the understanding of financial literacy to Accounting students and Manajemen students. This study uses a quantitative approach and is carried out on students of the Accounting and Manajemen Study Programs at Ciputra Surabaya University. Data were collected using a questionnaire to students of Accounting and Management in the 2015-2016 class, with a total population of 739 people. The sampling technique used was disproportionate stratified random sampling, with a total sample of 307 students. The scale used in this study is the Likert scale and nominal. Independent data analysis methods tests were carried out with the help of IBM SPSS 24. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the financial literacy level of Accounting and Manajemen students. The level of understanding of financial literacy of IBM and accounting students at a moderate level with different score scores This difference includes every individual who has different competencies, financial management and financial management, and also seminars or training given to students from lecture activities. There is a difference in understanding of financial literacy between Manajemen and Accounting students.
Patrocinio, mecenazgo y crowdfunding en la era de las nuevas tecnologías: nuevas opciones para recuperar el patrimonio cultural.
Authors: Alonso Arroba Patricia
Published: January 2020

En la era tecnologica y con los medios de comunicacion que se poseen en la actualidad es posible encontrar nuevos metodos para encontrar alternativas al mecenazgo y la tutela de nuestro patrimonio cultural.
Implementácia iniciatív EÚ v oblasti spotrebných daní a ich rozpočtovo-právne dopady
Authors: Cakoci Karin , Červená Karolína , Bonk František , Popovič Adrián , Vartašová Anna , Stojáková Monika
Published: January 2020

Autori sa v monografii venovali deskripcii genézy a aktuálneho stavu právnej úpravy spotrebných daní v Slovenskej republike v interakcii s harmonizačným procesom a taktiež identifikovaniu vzájomnej závislosti právnej úpravy a príjmov zo zdaňovania spotrebnými daňami s efektom na štátny rozpočet SR. Vzhľadom na dôležitosť a opodstatnenosť skúmanej problematiky, predovšetkým vo vzťahu k budúcemu fungovaniu Európskej únie, ako aj dopadu na výkonnosť hospodárstva jednotlivých členských štátov, s dôrazom na rozvoj a kvalitné fungovanie jednotného vnútorného trhu, sa autori prostredníctvom publikovania monografie pokúšajú vyvolať širšiu odbornú diskusiu k ich vlastným zosumarizovaným prezentovaným výsledkom, ktoré boli získané počas celého obdobia riešenia vedeckého projektu, týkajúcich sa aktuálnych trendov ako aj perspektívy v oblasti daňovej politiky EÚ a jej vplyvu na vnútroštátne daňové zákonodarstvo v Slovenskej republike v oblasti spotrebných daní v interakcii s rozpočtovými dopadmi. Súhrnným cieľom monografie je prezentovanie existujúcich a vlastných získaných poznatkov týkajúcich sa problematiky spotrebných daní na Slovensku, s akcentom na vývoj iniciatív EÚ v tejto oblasti, ako aj kritické zhodnotenie ich vplyvu na štátny rozpočet SR, ako aj prezentovaním možného vývoja v budúcnosti.
The Town and the Widow: The Journey of Elisabeth of Luxembourg to Pozsony
Authors: Skorka Renáta , Weisz Boglárka
Published: January 2020

Due to the vacancy on the Hungarian throne after the death of Albert I, King of Hungary, the pregnant queen set out for Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia; Pressburg in German) to give birth to the future Hungarian king in the vicinity of the Habsburgs. However, Ladislas the Posthumous was born en route, in Komárom (now Komarno, Slovakia). The queen, having seized the Holy Crown of Hungary, went to Székesfehérvár to have her son crowned there in accordance with the Hungarian customs. Thus, her action preceded the crowning of Wladislas Jagiello, who had been invited to Hungary in the meantime by a group of barons to take the Hungarian throne. The city of Pozsony constantly supported Elisabeth and her court in realizing their plans. The reports of the queen’s envoys and the account book of Pozsony help us reconstruct the exact course of events leading up to the queen’s arrival in her beloved city.
Bielsko: The Education Centre for Industrial Production between Austrian Silesia and Galicia at the Turn of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Kadlec Petr
Published: January 2020

This study deals with the issue of industrial education on the Silesian-Galician border in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Against Cisleithanian-wide trends it depicts the establishment of the so-called state industrial school (Staatsgewerbeschule) in the town of Bielsko in the 1870s and the development of this educational institution, which stood at the top of the system of schools for professional education of the time, until as late as the outbreak of the First World War. Among other things, it focuses on the founding of this important school, its organizational transformations and the composition of its students. In the study Bielsko is presented as one of the most prominent places in the Cisleithanian part of the monarchy from the aspect of educating a qualified workforce at a time of advancing industrialization and the socioeconomic changes it induced.
Enrichment Preferences of Raptors at Elmwood Park Zoo
Authors: Tyler Elisa Tyler
Published: January 2020

Environmental enrichment is often offered to animals in captivity to aid in enhancing quality of life by providing appropriate environmental stimuli that improve psychological and physiological well-being. Due to the limited amount of research conducted on raptors and enrichment, I sought to determine raptor preferences of enrichment types through the observation of captive bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) in the education department at Elmwood Park Zoo. I predicted that the raptors would interact more with natural enrichment items compared to ones that were man-made. Although results showed only the female bald eagle to interact enough with the enrichment items to gather an adequate number of observations, she was found to interact significantly more frequently with natural enrichment items compared to ones that were man-made (p < 0.0001, FET). These results are not meant to infer that all female bald eagles prefer natural enrichment items over man-made ones, or that all male bald eagles and female and male red-tailed hawks do not prefer any enrichment items. Nonetheless, they justify future research on environmental enrichment preferences involving many more individuals and many more taxa to determine more appropriate enrichment regimens for captive birds of prey.
Blood Biochemical of Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in Kano Zoological Garden, Nigeria
Authors: K.M. Adelakun , A.S. Kehinde , O. Laoye , A.A. Ihidero , A. Dalha
Published: January 2020

The potential application of blood reference range for crocodile is a basis that can provide important clinical information about health and physiological condition of the animal. This study investigates serum biochemistry of Nile crocodile from Kano Zoological Garden, Kano, Nigeria. Six (6) adult Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) were captured from crocodile pond in the zoo. Blood was collected from post-occipital sinus of the physically restrain crocodile and used for serum biochemical parameters. The results revealed the Total Serum Protein (TSP) concentration of 9.2g/Ɩ, albumin concentration which is a common plasma protein is 43g/Ɩ while globulin concentration is 54g/Ɩ. Cholesterol concentration measure is registered at 5.2mmol/Ɩ with High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) of 1mmol/Ɩ and 1.35mmol/Ɩ respectively. Creatinine: a breakdown product of creatinine which is an important part of muscle tissue is 44umol/Ɩ. Uric acid which is a primary catabolic end product of protein is 0.18mmol/Ɩ while glucose and triglyceride are 4.94mmol/Ɩ and 2.24mmol/Ɩ respectively while enzymes which include Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration is 6U/Ɩ, Aspartate aminotransferase concentration is 5U/Ɩ while Alkaline Phosphatase is 20U/Ɩ. The biochemical values recorded were compared with available data on farm Nile crocodile. Clearly, nutritional status, age, gender, season, physiology and environment should be considered if clinical pathology is to be employed as a diagnostic tool.
Preliminary Evaluation of Seminal Plasma Proteins and Immunoreactivity of Nerve Growth Factor as Indicative of an Ovulation Inducing Factor in Odontocetes
Authors: Bergfelt Don R , Blum Jason L. , Ratner Jill R. , Ratto Marcelo H. , O'Brien Justin K. , Robeck Todd R.
Published: January 2020

In the seminal plasma of terrestrial mammalian species known as induced (e.g., camels) and spontaneous (e.g., cattle) ovulators, an ovulation-inducing factor (OIF) with a protein structure similar to beta-nerve growth factor (β-NGF) has been identified. Detection of an OIF/NGF in the seminal plasma of cetaceans would have both basic and applied implications in reproductive biology and conservation management programs. A preliminary evaluation was conducted to characterize the distribution and abundance of seminal plasma proteins in aquarium-based belugas and a Pacific white-sided and bottlenose dolphin. Initially, SDS-PAGE was used with 50 µg of total protein for separation; thereafter, Western immunoblot was used with anti-NGF. In addition to odontocete seminal plasma, a purified fraction of llama seminal plasma (100 ng protein) and an extract of mouse brain (20 µg total protein) were included as positive controls for NGF. Within the two belugas, visual inspection of the protein bands indicated similar distribution and intensity. However, among the belugas and Pacific white-sided and bottlenose dolphins there was more diversity than similarity in the distribution and abundance of seminal plasma proteins. While immunoreactivity of NGF was distinctly evident in the llama and mouse positive controls, there was no visual reactivity in any of the odontocete samples. These preliminary results provide novel information indicating more homogeneity within and heterogeneity among seminal plasma proteins of ondentocetes. Although NGF was not immunologically detected, future studies are required to address the apparent limitations of immuno-detection of NGF, especially if the post-translational form of β-NGF is in low abundance in the seminal plasma of belugas and Pacific white-sided and bottlenose dolphins.
STUDI LITERATUR : PENGARUH PELATIHAN INTERPROFESIONAL TERHADAP SELF EFICACY PADA MAHASISWA KESEHATAN
Authors: Pangesti Nova Ari
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Menghadapi tantangan Era Globalisasi maka tenaga kesehatan dituntut dapat menyediakan pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas. Pelayanan berkualitas dapat terwujud melalui praktik kolaborasi yang baik antar profesi. Perlu diadakannya praktik kolaborasi sejak dini melalui proses pembelajaran Interprofessional Education. IPE dimulai sejak mahasiwa kesehatan menjalani program profesi. Namun, masalahnya yaitu kurangnya kepercayaan diri mahasiswa saat menjalani profesi. Kenyataannya, mahasiswa farmasi memiliki self eficacy yang rendah daripada mahasiswa kedokteran dan keperawatan sehingga perlu adanya pelatihan interprofesional.Tujuan: Literatur review ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang pengaruh pelatihan interprofesional terhadap self eficacy pada mahasiswa kesehatan. Metode: Studi ini diperoleh dari 4 database yaitu E-resources perpustakaan nasional, ERIC, Google Scholar, dan PubMed dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian literatur ini antara lain: “interprofessional training and self-eficacy”, “interprofessional collaborative practice and self confidence”.Hasil: Dari 11 penelitian yang diperoleh, 10 penelitian menyatakan interprofesional secara signifikan meningkatkan self eficacy pada mahasiswa kesehatan.Kesimpulan: Pelatihan interprofesional dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan keterampilan komunikasi, kerjasama tim dan tim manajemen yang berguna untuk meningkatkan self eficacy sehingga dapat meningkatkan perawatan dan keselamatan pasien. Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Interprofesional, Self eficacy, Mahasiswa Profesi Kesehatan
Hubungan Faktor Sosiodemografik dengan Depresi Postpartum di Rumah Sakit Daerah Banjarmasin
Authors: Fazraningtyas Winda Ayu
Published: January 2020

LATAR BELAKANG Perempuan mengalami perubahan peran pada ibu hamil mulai dari status masih sendiri menjadi menikah dan kemudian menjadi seorang ibu. Selain itu, kesehatan mental merupakan hal yang penting untuk diketahui dan dimonitor, tetapi sering dilupakan dalam kesehatan reproduksi.TUJUAN Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan menganalisis hubungan faktor sosiodemografik dengan depresi postpartum.METODE Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey deskriptif. Sebanyak 88 responden terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ulin Banjarmasin dan Rumah Sakit Daerah Dr. H.M. Anshari Saleh Banjarmasin. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Postpartum Depression Risk Factors (PPDRF).HASIL Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat depresi dengan usia ibu, suku, status pernikahan, tingkat pendidikan tertinggi, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan.KESIMPULAN Memiliki seorang anak dipertimbangkan sebagai sesuatu yang alamiah dan hal yang membahagiakan. Namun, masa transisi yang dialami oleh seorang perempuan menggambarkan kejadian yang penting dalam hidup dan meningkatkan kemungkinan untuk mengalami masalah psikologis. Kata Kunci: faktor sosiodemografik, depresi postpartum
Layanan Keperawatan pada Pasien Lansia saat Kunjungan dan Menerima Perawatan di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Susanto Denny
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas lansia merupakan tantangan bagi pelayanan keperawatan yang berdampak pada peningkatan kunjungan dan perawatan di Instalasi Gawat Darurat. Kebutuhan perawatan dan perawatan lansia memiliki kepentingan yang sesuai dengan kondisi kesehatannya. Instalasi Gawat Darurat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan permintaan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan keperawatan.Tujuan: Tinjauan literatur untuk mendeskripsikan pelayanan keperawatan yang diberikan oleh perawat kepada lansia saat melakukan kunjungan dan perawatan di Instalasi Gawat DaruratMetode: Kajian literatur dilakukan DENGAN using pencarian artikel jurnal di basis data CINAHL, DOAJ, Dan Pubmed. Dapat diperoleh 254 artikel penelitian yang akan diambil dalam pemeriksaan artikel yang diajukan yang telah ditentukan dan diselesaikan dengan menggunakan format Joanna Briggs Intitute (JBI) versi terbaru sehingga diperoleh total 7 artikel jurnal yang akan dilakukan kajian literatur.Hasil: Kebutuhan lansia saat melakukan dan menerima perawatan di Instalasi Gawat darurat adalah kebutuhan biopsisosial. Tantangan pelayanan keperawatan selama proses perawatan biopsikososial yang membahas tentang budaya dan lingkungan, transisi, komunikasi, dan diskusi keluarga selama proses pemberian pelayanan di Instalasi Gawat Darurat.Kesimpulan: Deskripsi tentang pengalaman perawat sebagai perawat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat mencakup IGD, transisi pasien lansia, komunikasi antara penyedia layanan perawatan lansia dan partisipasi keluarga selama proses perawatan di IGD.Kata Kunci: Keperawatan, Layanan, Lansia, Perawatan, Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Efektifitas Teknik Akupuntur Untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Post Partum Pasca Sectio Cesarea Di Rumah Sakit Mitra Sejati Kota Medan
Authors: Ginting Siska Suci Triana , Damanik Lisa Putri
Published: January 2020

The long-term goal of this study is to reduce the case of cesarean section which aims to save lives both for mothers and infants. Cesarean delivery can indeed facilitate the labor process so that many pregnant women who prefer to choose this path even though they can actually give birth normally. But in fact, the death rate in cesarean section is 40-80 per 100,000 live births. This figure shows a 25x greater risk than labor through vaginal delivery. Even for one case because the infection has a figure 80x higher than vaginal delivery.The specific target carried out in this study focuses on post partum patients with sectio caesarea who often experience disorders such as frequent resistance (numbness), spinal pain, or pain in the abdomen. Most post sectio cesarea patients are worried about complaints being addressed, because all of these complaints can basically be anticipated and overcome. Of course all of these problems can be overcome by treatment and handling them appropriately and intensively. With the inconvenience, the activities carried out by the patient are also limited due to fear of movement so that health workers need to provide comprehensive care to overcome the patient's problem.Method This research was conducted by observational method, using a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at Mitra Sejati Hospital Medan in 2018. The population in this study were all post partum post cesarean mothers who were in Mitra Sejati Hospital Medan 2018 with Pre- eksperimental design While the design of this research design uses One-Group pre-post test design, because pre-experimental does not require control. Keywords: Efektifitas, Acupuncture Technique, Post Partum Pain Intensity, Post Cesarean Sectio
Penggunaan Ular Tangga Pintar Sebagai Media Memperbaiki Tanda Dan Gejala Resiko Perilaku Kekekerasan Pada ODGJ Dirumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahman Subhannur , Irawati Kellyana , Prianto Yonni
Published: January 2020

Pendahuluan: Gangguan mental adalah salah satu dari empat masalah kesehatan utama yang sangat umum di berbagai negara dan diperkirakan sekitar 12% merupakan beban penyakit secara global. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah ini dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan kombinasi psikofarmakologi dan nonfarmakologis. Terapi nonfarmakologis yang terbukti efektif untuk mengobati gejala gangguan mental adalah dengan menggunakan terapi aktivitas kelompok dalam bentuk permainan tangga ular pintar.Tujuan: Memperbaiki tanda dan gejala risiko perilaku kekerasan pada orang dengan gangguan mental di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Wisma Arjuna Grhasia DIY.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dalam bentuk terapi aktivitas kelompok melalui media modifikasi ular dan tangga.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini secara signifikan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ular dan tangga cerdas terhadap tanda dan gejala risiko perilaku kekerasan pada orang dengan gangguan mental yang mengalami hasil positif.Kesimpulan: Terapi kegiatan kelompok yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Wisma Arjuna Grhasia menggunakan media tangga ular pintar efektif dalam mengurangi beberapa tanda dan gejala risiko perilaku kekerasan pada orang dengan gangguan mental. Kata kunci: Aktivitas Kelompok Terapi, Ular Tangga Cerdas, Tanda dan Gejala Perilaku Kekerasan, Penderita Gangguan Mental. Introduction: Mental disorder is one of the four major health problems that are very common in various countries and it is estimated that around 12% is a burden of disease globally. One way to overcome this problem can be done using a combination of psychopharmacology and nonpharmacologic. Nonpharmacologic therapy that is proven effective for treating symptoms of mental disorders is to use group activity therapy in the form of a smart snake ladder game.Aims: Improve the signs and symptoms of the risk of violent behavior in people with mental disorders at Wisma Arjuna Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital.Methods: This study uses a case study in the form of group activity therapy through the modified media of snakes and ladders.Results: The results of this study significantly indicate that the use of snakes and ladders is smart against the signs and symptoms of the risk of violent behavior in people with mental disorders experiencing positive results.Conclusions: Therapy of group activities carried out at Wisma Arjuna Grhasia Mental Hospital using smart snake ladder media is effective in reducing some signs and symptoms of the risk of violent behavior in people with mental disorders.Keywords: Therapy Group Activities, Smart Ladder Snakes, Signs and Symptoms of Violent Behavior, People with Mental Disorders.
HUBUNGAN KONSEP DIRI DENGAN PERILAKU HYGIENE ORGAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI SMAN-10 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Hestiyana Nita , Rahmayani Dini , Imbran A'bdah Rasyidah
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: Organ reproduksi merupakan salah satu bagian yang sensitif, sehingga memerlukan perawatan khusus untuk menjaganya. Kurangnya kesadaran dalam menjaga kebersihan organ reproduksi disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya konsep diri. Semenjak konsep diri terbentuk, seseorang akan berperilaku sesuai dengan konsep dirinya dan jika  perilaku seseorang tidak konsisten dengan konsep dirinya, maka akan muncul perasaan tidak nyaman dalam dirinya.Tujuan: Mengetahui Hubungan antara Konsep Diri dengan Perilaku Hygiene Organ Reproduksi pada Remaja Putri SMAN 10 Banjarmasin.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian observasional analitik  dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional .Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi perempuan kelas X SMAN-10 Banjarmasin. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 109 orang dengan jumlah sampel 86 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling dan menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil: Hasil uji statistik Chi-Square didapatkan nilai p value 0,000 dimana  = 0,05. Jika P value   maka dapat dismpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima artinya ada hubungan antara konsep diri dengan Perilaku Hygiene Organ Reproduksi Remaja Putri Kelas X SMAN-10 dengan nilai OR 6,7.Simpulan:Konsep diri yang positif akan dapat menyadari kekurangan yang dimiliki dan kemudian akan memperbaikinya. Sehingga semakin tinggi kesadaran akan konsep diri positif yang dimiliki seorang remaja makan akan semakin baik dalam menjaga perilaku hygiene organ reproduksi. Perilaku hygiene organ reproduksi yang baik akan melindungi remaja dari penyakit organ reproduksi yang tidak diinginkan.  Kata kunci : Konsep Diri, Perilaku Hygiene Organ Reproduksi
IGV justo y la liquidez en una empresa de servicios, Lima 2017
Authors: Rojas Campos Nilda
Published: January 2020

La investigación tiene la finalidad de analizar la incidencia del IGV justo en la liquidez de una empresa de servicios ubicada en Lima – Perú, periodo 2017, periodo en el cual se dio vigencia a la Ley 30524-IGV Justo. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo y con la aplicación del análisis documental al estado de situación financiera de la empresa, y la entrevista a los informantes, por consiguiente, se recurrió al apoyo del software Atlas.ti para la triangulación de data. En ese sentido se puede indicar que la prolongación del pago del Impuesto General a las Ventas hasta 90 días, tiene una repercusión en la liquidez de la empresa, acortando la brecha que existe entre la política de cobranza que brinda la empresa a sus clientes y el periodo que la entidad recaudadora emite para el pago del IGV. Asimismo, se detectó que la aplicación del IGV justo no fue 100% adecuada, debido a la falta de capacitación del personal contable frente a nuevas normativas.
The Influence of Bio-Stimulants and Foliar Fertilizers on Yield, Plant Features, and the Level of Soil Biochemical Activity in White Lupine (Lupinus albus L.) Cultivation
Authors: Niewiadomska Alicja , Sulewska Hanna , Wolna-Maruwka Agnieszka , Ratajczak Karolina , Waraczewska Zyta , Budka Anna
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of two biostimulators (Titanit, Rooter) and six foliar fertilizers (Optysil, Metalosate Potassium, Bolero Bo, ADOB 2.0 Zn IDHA, ADOB B, ADOB 2.0 Mo) on white lupine. In addition, we evaluated the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenase, acid, and alkaline phosphatases, catalase, the level of biological nitrogen fixation, yield, plant biometric, chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content. A field experiment was conducted between 2016 and 2018 at the Gorzyń Experimental and Educational Station, Poznań University of Life Sciences in Poland. The best effects in plant yield were obtained after the application of Optysil or ADOB Zn IDHA. The three years results of dehydrogenase (DHA), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), and the biological index of soil fertility (BIF), show that the bio-stimulants and most of the foliar fertilizers used did not always stimulate the activity of these enzymes and index in the white lupine crops, as compared with the control treatment. Analysis of the results of the acid phosphatase activity (PAC) shows that during the entire white lupine growing season the foliar fertilizers and bio-stimulants decreased the activity of this enzyme. This effect was not observed when the Metalosate potassium foliar fertilizer was applied. The field analyses of biological nitrogen fixation showed that the fertilizers and bio-stimulants significantly stimulated nitrogenase activity under the white lupine plantation. The best effects in plant yield were obtained after application Optysil or ADOB Zn IDHA.
Effects of a Hatchery Byproduct Mixture on Growth Performance and Digestible Energy of Various Hatchery Byproduct Mixtures in Nursery Pigs
Authors: Sung Jung Yeol , Kim Beob Gyun
Published: January 2020

The objectives were to determine effects of a hatchery byproduct mixture (HBM) on growth performance and to measure digestible energy concentrations in various HBM. In the growth performance experiment, 96 pigs (initial body weight = 9.6 ± 0.8 kg) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 6 blocks. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicate pens with 4 pigs comprising 2 barrows and 2 gilts. Pigs were fed graded concentrations of HBM at 0%, 3.33%, 6.67%, and 10.00% for 14 days. In the energy digestibility experiment, 10 barrows (initial body weight = 11.5 ± 0.4 kg) were employed to determine digestible energy in HBM. A basal diet based on corn and soybean meal and 4 additional diets containing 25% of 4 different HBM were prepared. The marker-to-marker method was employed for total collection and the experimental design was a replicated 5 × 4 Latins square design. Growth performance was not compromised as the inclusion rate of HBM increased up to 10%. Digestible energy of HBM ranged from 2772 to 3887 kcal/kg as-is basis. In conclusion, HBM can be used in nursery pig diets and different energy values should be used for each HBM.
Tri- and Tetrahyperbolic Isofrequency Topologies Complete Classification of Bianisotropic Materials
Authors: Durach Maxim , Williamson Robert , Laballe Morgan , Mulkey Thomas
Published: January 2020

We describe novel topological phases of isofrequency k-space surfaces in bianisotropic optical materials—tri- and tetrahyperbolic materials—which are induced by the introduction of chirality. This completes the classification of isofrequency topologies for bianisotropic materials, as we showed that all optical materials belong to one of the following topological classes—tetra-, tri-, bi-, mono-, or nonhyperbolic. We showed that phase transitions between these classes occur in the k-space directions with zero group velocity at high k-vectors. This classification is based on the sets of high-k polaritons (HKPs), supported by materials. We obtained the equation describing these sets and characterized the longitudinal polarization-impedance of HKPs.
Australian Lidar Measurements of Aerosol Layers Associated with the 2015 Calbuco Eruption
Authors: Klekociuk Andrew R. , Ottaway David J. , MacKinnon Andrew D. , Reid Iain M. , Twigger Liam V. , Alexander Simon P.
Published: January 2020

The Calbuco volcano in southern Chile (41.3° S, 72.6° W) underwent three separate eruptions on 22–23 April 2015. Following the eruptions, distinct layers of enhanced lidar backscatter at 532 nm were observed in the lower stratosphere above Buckland Park, South Australia (34.6° S, 138.5° E), and Kingston, Tasmania (43.0° S, 147.3° E), during a small set of observations in April–May 2015. Using atmospheric trajectory modelling and measurements from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) space-borne lidar and the Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite (OMPS) instrument on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, we show that these layers were associated with the Calbuco eruptions. Buckland Park measurements on 30 April and 3 May detected discrete aerosol layers at and slightly above the tropopause, where the relative humidity was well below saturation. Stratospheric aerosol layers likely associated with the eruptions were observed at Kingston on 17 and 22 May in narrow discrete layers accompanied by weaker and more vertically extended backscatter. The measurements on 22 May provided a mean value of the particle linear depolarisation ratio within the main observed volcanic aerosol layer of 18.0 ± 3.0%, which was consistent with contemporaneous CALIOP measurements. The depolarisation measurements indicated that this layer consisted of a filament dominated by ash backscatter residing above a main region having likely more sulfate backscatter. Layer-average optical depths were estimated from the measurements. The mean lidar ratio for the volcanic aerosols on 22 May of 86 ± 37 sr is consistent with but generally higher than the mean for ground-based measurements for other volcanic events. The inferred optical depth for the main volcanic layer on 17 May was consistent with a value obtained from OMPS measurements, but a large difference on 22 May likely reflected the spatial inhomogeneity of the volcanic plume. Short-lived enhancements of backscatter near the tropopause of 17 May likely represented the formation cirrus that was aided by the presence of associated volcanic aerosols. We also provide evidence that gravity waves potentially influenced the layers, particularly in regard to the vertical motion observed in the strong layer on 22 May. Overall, these observations provide additional information on the dispersal and characteristics of the Calbuco aerosol plumes at higher southern latitudes than previously reported for ground-based lidar measurements.
A Multi-Omics Analysis of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5 (BMP5) mRNA Expression and Clinical Prognostic Outcomes in Different Cancers Using Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Karim Md. Adnan , Samad Abdus , Adhikari Utpal Kumar , Kader Md. Ashraful , Kabir Md. Masnoon , Islam Md. Aminul , Hasan Md. Nazmul
Published: January 2020

Cumulative studies have provided controversial evidence for the prognostic values of bone morphogenetic protein 5 (BMP5) in different types of cancers such as colon, breast, lung, bladder, and ovarian cancer. To address the inconsistent correlation of BMP5 expression with patient survival and molecular function of BMP5 in relation to cancer progression, we performed a systematic study to determine whether BMP5 could be used as a prognostic marker in human cancers. BMP5 expression and prognostic values were assessed using different bioinformatics tools such as ONCOMINE, GENT, TCGA, GEPIA, UALCAN, PrognoScan, PROGgene V2 server, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter. In addition, we used cBioPortal database for the identification and analysis of BMP5 mutations, copy number alterations, altered expression, and protein–protein interaction (PPI). We found that BMP5 is frequently down-regulated in our queried cancer types. Use of prognostic analysis showed negative association of BMP5 down-regulation with four types of cancer except for ovarian cancer. The highest mutation was found in the R321*/Q amino acid of BMP5 corresponding to colorectal and breast cancer whereas the alteration frequency was higher in lung squamous carcinoma datasets (>4%). In PPI analysis, we found 31 protein partners of BMP5, among which 11 showed significant co-expression (p-value < 0.001, log odds ratio > 1). Pathway analysis of differentially co-expressed genes with BMP5 in breast, lung, colon, bladder and ovarian cancers revealed the BMP5-correlated pathways. Collectively, this data-driven study demonstrates the correlation of BMP5 expression with patient survival and identifies the involvement of BMP5 pathways that may serve as targets of a novel biomarker for various types of cancers in human.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of C in 2019
Authors:   C Editorial Office
Published: January 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
In-Depth Mapping of the Urinary N-Glycoproteome: Distinct Signatures of ccRCC-related Progression
Authors: Santorelli Lucia , Capitoli Giulia , Chinello Clizia , Piga Isabella , Clerici Francesca , Denti Vanna , Smith Andrew , Grasso Angelica , Raimondo Francesca , Grasso Marco , Magni Fulvio
Published: January 2020

Protein N-glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications and is involved in many biological processes, with aberrant changes in protein N-glycosylation patterns being closely associated with several diseases, including the progression and spreading of tumours. In light of this, identifying these aberrant protein glycoforms in tumours could be useful for understanding the molecular mechanism of this multifactorial disease, developing specific biomarkers and finding novel therapeutic targets. We investigated the urinary N-glycoproteome of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients at different stages (n = 15 at pT1 and n = 15 at pT3), and of non-ccRCC subjects (n = 15), using an N-glyco-FASP-based method. Using label-free nLC-ESI MS/MS, we identified and quantified several N-glycoproteins with altered expression and abnormal changes affecting the occupancy of the glycosylation site in the urine of RCC patients compared to control. In particular, nine of them had a specific trend that was directly related to the stage progression: CD97, COCH and P3IP1 were up-expressed whilst APOB, FINC, CERU, CFAH, HPT and PLTP were down-expressed in ccRCC patients. Overall, these results expand our knowledge related to the role of this post-translational modification in ccRCC and translation of this information into pre-clinical studies could have a significant impact on the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic target in kidney cancer.
Resistance to MET/VEGFR2 Inhibition by Cabozantinib Is Mediated by YAP/TBX5-Dependent Induction of FGFR1 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Koinis Filippos , Corn Paul , Parikh Nila , Song Jian , Vardaki Ioulia , Mourkioti Ioanna , Lin Sue-Hwa , Logothetis Christopher , Panaretakis Theocharis , Gallick Gary
Published: January 2020

The overall goal of this study was to elucidate the role of FGFR1 induction in acquired resistance to MET and VEGFR2 inhibition by cabozantinib in prostate cancer (PCa) and leverage this understanding to improve therapy outcomes. The response to cabozantinib was examined in mice bearing patient-derived xenografts in which FGFR1 was overexpressed. Using a variety of cell models that reflect different PCa disease states, the mechanism underpinning FGFR1 signaling activation by cabozantinib was investigated. We performed parallel investigations in specimens from cabozantinib-treated patients to confirm our in vitro and in vivo data. FGFR1 overexpression was sufficient to confer resistance to cabozantinib. Our results demonstrate transcriptional activation of FGF/FGFR1 expression in cabozantinib-resistant models. Further analysis of molecular pathways identified a YAP/TBX5-driven mechanism of FGFR1 and FGF overexpression induced by MET inhibition. Importantly, knockdown of YAP and TBX5 led to decreased FGFR1 protein expression and decreased mRNA levels of FGFR1, FGF1, and FGF2. This association was confirmed in a cohort of hormone-naïve patients with PCa receiving androgen deprivation therapy and cabozantinib, further validating our findings. These findings reveal that the molecular basis of resistance to MET inhibition in PCa is FGFR1 activation through a YAP/TBX5-dependent mechanism. YAP and its downstream target TBX5 represent a crucial mediator in acquired resistance to MET inhibitors. Thus, our studies provide insight into the mechanism of acquired resistance and will guide future development of clinical trials with MET inhibitors.
Does the Site of Origin of the Microcarcinoma with Respect to the Thyroid Surface Matter? A Multicenter Pathologic and Clinical Study for Risk Stratification
Authors: Tallini Giovanni , De Leo Antonio , Repaci Andrea , de Biase Dario , Bacchi Reggiani Maria Letizia , Di Nanni Doriana , Ambrosi Francesca , Di Gioia Cira , Grani Giorgio , Rhoden Kerry Jane , Solaroli Erica , Monari Fabio , Filetti Sebastiano , Durante Cosimo
Published: January 2020

It is unclear whether the site of origin of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (mPTC) with respect to the thyroid surface has an influence on clinicopathologic parameters. The objectives of the study were to: (i) Accurately measure the mPTC distance from the thyroid surface; (ii) analyze whether this distance correlates with relevant clinicopathologic parameters; and (iii) investigate the impact of the site of origin of the mPTC on risk stratification. Clinicopathologic features and BRAF mutational status were analyzed and correlated with the site of origin of the mPTC in a multicenter cohort of 298 mPTCs from six Italian medical institutions. Tumors arise at a median distance of 3.5 mm below the surface of the thyroid gland. Statistical analysis identified four distinct clusters. Group A, mPTC: size ≥ 5 mm and distance of the edge of the tumor from the thyroid capsule = 0 mm; group B, mPTC: size ≥ 5 mm and distance of the edge of the tumor from the thyroid capsule > 0 mm; group C, mPTC: size < 5 mm and distance of the edge of the tumor from the thyroid capsule = 0 mm; and group D, mPTC: size < 5 mm and distance of the edge of the tumor from the thyroid capsule > 0 mm. Univariate analysis demonstrates significant differences between the groups: Group A shows the most aggressive features, and group D the most indolent ones. By multivariate analysis, group A tumors are characterized by tall cell histotype, BRAF V600E mutation, tumor fibrosis, aggressive growth with invasive features, vascular invasion, lymph node metastases, and intermediate ATA risk. The mPTC clinicopathologic features vary according to the tumor size and distance from the thyroid surface. A four-group model may be useful for risk stratification and to refine the selection of nodules to be targeted for fine needle aspiration.