bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of the gut microbiome in modulating response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients
Authors: Nawal Harsh
Published: January 2025

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in modulating the immune response to cancer immunotherapies, particularly anti-PD-1 inhibitors, which have revolutionized the treatment of melanoma. Despite the success of these therapies in some patients, the response remains highly variable. Recent studies suggest that the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome can influence the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy by shaping systemic immunity, particularly through its effects on T-cell activation and tumor microenvironment dynamics. Specific microbial species, such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium, as well as microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been associated with enhanced immune responses and improved treatment outcomes. Conversely, dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, has been linked to resistance to immunotherapy. This review explores the mechanisms by which the microbiome influences immune responses and discusses strategies such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), dietary interventions, and probiotics to modulate the microbiome and enhance melanoma treatment outcomes. Understanding the microbiome's role in immunotherapy could lead to more personalized, effective treatment strategies for melanoma and other cancers.
Research on a protective effect of Vitamin D in the context of COVID-19 in adults on West African hemodialysis
Authors: Yayo Sagou Eric , Mireille Yao Epse Yapo Carine , Kouacou Kadio Morel , Nanihio Melissa , Hauouhot Asseypo Marie-Laure
Published: January 2025

Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide disease with an estimated prevalence of 10% in 2020. In Côte d'Ivoire, the prevalence of this disease is not well known, but hospital studies show prevalences of 7 to 46%. In 2020, hemodialysis patients are particularly at risk of contracting COVID-19. Studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation can not only reduce the risk of getting acute respiratory infections, but has also been associated with a lower susceptibility to severe COVID-19. To this end, a study was undertaken to assess the impact of the pandemic on hemodialysis patients in the public sector of Abidjan, according to their vitamin D status.

: In a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2021 to August 2022, we included 280 patients with end-stage CKD treated with hemodialysis at the CNPTIR in Abidjan. The collection of epidemiological and clinical data was done on the basis of a questionnaire on the one hand and the medical records of the patients on the other. Vitamin D concentration and COVID-19 serology were determined by the ELFA method with immunochemical detection.

: The mean age of the patients was 45.90 ± 12.76 and 66.85% of them were men. 42.70% of patients had been dialysis for more than 5 years. 3/4 of the study population had a positive serology for COVID-19. The mean vitamin D concentration in patients was 23.04 ng/ml of which 38.20% were vitamin D deficient. 94.57% of patients did not experience severe signs of COVID-19. There was no significant difference between mean vitamin D concentrations in serology-positive versus serology-negative patients, and mean vitamin D values in patients with severe and non-severe symptomatology.

: Our study did not show a protective effect of vitamin D against covid-19 in Ivorian hemodialysis patients.
Will controlled monitoring of biochemical profile help in better prognosis of diabetic foot ulcer?
Authors: Nair Drishya P , Khubchandani Asha , A S Anil Kumar
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Mellitus affects more than 400 million people worldwide and that number is growing rapidly. India is the country with largest number of diabetic patients in the world. Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the common causes of hospital admissions among diabetics in India.

This study was aimed at creating a database on biochemical profile of diabetic foot ulcer patients and to see if they can be used to detect and prevent progressing complications and also to monitor treatment progress.

A cross sectional study was conducted amongst 50 diabetic foot ulcer patients, biochemical parameters such as HbA1c, S. urea, S. creatinine, S. electrolytes, S. protein, S. albumin, S. SGPT, S. acetone, S. cholesterol, S. triglycerides and S. HDL were estimated from the time of hospital admission and in successive follow up.

The population study group age was between 40 to 65 years with 60 percent being males. Among 50 patients there was a relative and gradual increase in values of HbA1c, Creatinine, Cholesterol and Triglycerides. whereas there is a decrease in values observed in parameters like Protein, Albumin and Sodium.

Novel diagnostics are able to rapidly detect some of the most dangerous consequences of diabetic foot ulcer and can help to guide therapy. Therefore, preventive and evidence -based guidelines should be followed for diabetic wound management.

Diabetic foot ulceration is a major health problem along with wound healing. Its management must also focus on identifying and correction of these biochemical changes and other contributing factors.
A comparative study between combination of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and suprascapular nerve block vs steroid and suprascapular nerve block in management of periarthritis of shoulder joint
Authors: Rahman HM Mohibur , Das Chinmoy , Das Partha Pratim , Hazarika Ananta
Published: January 2025

Adhesive capsulitis, another name for periarthritis or frozen shoulder. Periarthritis affects over 2–5% of people, with a higher prevalence in those between the ages of 40 and 60. It is managed using a variety of therapy approaches.This study compared the effects of PRP and suprascapular nerve block versus steroid and suprascapular nerve block in the treatment of periarthritis.

To compare the efficacy of PRP and suprascapular nerve block VS steroid and suprascapular nerve block in the management of periarthritis shoulder joint.

60 patients who were clinically diagnosed with periarthritis shoulder and willing to participate were divided into two groups at random from the outpatient department (OPD) of the orthopedic department at Tezpur Medical College and Hospital. Prior to recruiting, a formal informed consent form was acquired

Significant clinical improvement was found in the study comparing the effectiveness of PRP and suprascapular nerve block versus steroid and suprascapular nerve block in treating frozen shoulder. Group 1 (the steroid group) had better early outcomes at 4 and 12 weeks based on VAS scores (p = 0.0048, p = 0.0001), while Group 2 (the PRP group) had better results at 24 weeks in both VAS and DASH scores (p = 0.0001). Periarthritis was more common in females and primarily affected the non-dominant side in both groups.

For periarthritis, intra-articular injections of PRP and suprascapular nerve block, as well as steroid and suprascapular nerve block, are useful in lowering pain and disability scores as measured by VAS and DASH ratings. While PRP demonstrated superior results in long-term outcomes (24th week analysis), the triamcinolone group demonstrated superior effects in short-term outcomes (12th week analysis). Future studies comparing single versus numerous injections, as well as simultaneous steroid and PRP injections, must have a large sample size in order to improve the study's power and robust design.
Correlation of serum calcium, phosphorus, and Vitamin D in osteoporosis: An observational study
Authors: Medhi Suman , Das Chinmoy , Lahon Deepika , Bora Maitreyee , Deb Roshan
Published: January 2025

Osteoporosis, a prevalent bone disorder characterized by reduced bone mineral density and structural deterioration, often involves mineral and vitamin D imbalances.

This observational study examines the correlation between serum calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in osteoporotic patients to understand the interplay of these biomarkers in bone health.

This observational study was done on 100 osteoporotic patients diagnosed with DEXA and BMD scans (females less than 50 years and males more than 60 years). The estimation of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D were done on vitros 5600 where calcium and phosphorus calculation based on the principle of spectrophotometry and vitamin D on the principle of radio immunoassay.

The average values of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D we got were 6.66mg/dl, 2.94mg/dl and 24.96ng/ml respectively. Data analysis reveals that individuals with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency predominantly exhibit hypocalcemia, with 55.21% and 22% showing low calcium levels, respectively. Only a small subset with sufficient vitamin D shows normal calcium levels, suggesting a positive relationship between vitamin D status and calcium regulation. This trend is further illustrated in the scatter plot where higher vitamin D levels correlate with increased calcium values, albeit with some data variability. In addition, a strong association between calcium and phosphorus levels was observed: 96% of hypocalcemic individuals had normal phosphorus, while 4% with normal calcium displayed corresponding normal phosphorus levels. Conversely, the relationship between vitamin D and phosphorus was minimal, as evidenced by the Pearson correlation coefficient (𝑟 = 0.01609), indicating a weak inverse association. This is visually supported in the scatter plot, where phosphorus levels remain relatively stable across varied vitamin D concentrations.

These findings suggest that while vitamin D strongly influences calcium homeostasis, it has minimal impact on phosphorus regulation. The study underscores the importance of monitoring vitamin D and calcium levels in osteoporosis, while phosphorus appears relatively unaffected by vitamin D status. Further research is needed to clarify these associations and their clinical implications.
Tubercular osteomyelitis of the spine of scapula: A rare case report with review of literature
Authors: Ahmad Javed , Patel Brij Mohan , Gautam Chandrakant
Published: January 2025

Isolated tuberculosis of the flat bone is very rare. Only a few such cases involve the scapular bone, and spine of the scapula is rarely involved. This condition is mostly misdiagnosed and wrongly treated. Scapular involvement in tuberculosis leads to decreased range of motion, clinically mimicking the frozen shoulder. Because of the presence of lytic lesions with marginal sclerosis, radiologically, it mimics tumors, which results in misdiagnosis. Moreover, lack of constitutional symptoms is the cause of delayed diagnosis. Isolated tuberculosis can be managed successfully with excellent prognosis without any complications if identified and treated early.

Here, we report a very rare case of tuberculosis of the spine of the scapula in a 22-year-old female. The patient presented with pain and swelling in right scapular region from 6 months without any constitutional symptoms. Initially, the condition was misdiagnosed as traumatic hematoma. X-ray showed osteomyelitic changes in the spine of scapula and ultra-sonograph showed collection in the trapezius muscle. On magnetic resonance imaging, focal osteomyelitis of the medial part of the spine of scapula, with collection and multiple axillary lymph nodes involvement, was noted. The patient was managed with anti-tubercular drugs along with surgical debridement and curettage and the diagnosis was confirmed with biopsy. On serial follow-up, the patient recovered completely without any complications or recurrence.

Although rare, tuberculosis should be suspected in patients presenting with a chronic swelling without constitutional symptoms in the scapular region, particularly in the developing countries. Early diagnosis and treatment result in excellent prognosis and outcome without any complication. This case highlights the salient features of scapular tuberculosis.
The psychomotor approach: An innovative strategy for managing chronic neck pain
Authors: Ramalingam Thangamani , Thiyagarajan Alagappan , Patni Oves , Balakrihsnan Rajan , Jeyakumar S
Published: January 2025

Chronic neck pain is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts individuals' quality of life. Traditional treatments often yield limited long-term benefits, necessitating innovative approaches. The psychomotor approach integrates cognitive, emotional, and physical elements to address chronic pain effectively. This paper explores key components of the psychomotor approach, including mindfulness-based movement, Graded Motor Imagery (GMI), Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT), movement variability, and relaxation techniques. Each method contributes to a holistic treatment strategy that not only alleviates pain but also fosters a deeper understanding of bodily sensations and promotes active participation in recovery. Although preliminary evidence suggests the potential effectiveness of this approach, further research through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case studies is crucial to validate its efficacy and enhance treatment protocols. This paper advocates for increased focus on psychomotor strategies in clinical practice to improve outcomes for individuals suffering from chronic neck pain.
From ancient wisdom to modern innovation: leveraging indian knowledge systems for atmanirbhar Bharat
Authors: Mahajan Yashodhan Prakash
Published: January 2025

This research paper aims to understand the constructive collaboration between traditional Indian wisdom with modern innovation to propel the Atmanirbhar Bharat effort. Using knowledge from Ayurveda, Agricultural, Architectural and Governance Sciences of thousands of years this work illustrates how India can develop its own sustainable solutions for the future envisioned in the concept of Atmanirbhar Bharat. In this spirit, having adopted a multi-disciplinary perspective, the paper examines as to how the regeneration of Indian Knowledge System (IKS) can unlock economic development, support MSMEs, and enhance local communities’ development. In addition, it assesses the applications of Indian paradigms of knowledge system in the international arena, especially in relation to sustainable development, health, and agricultural diversification.
Flipkart-Myntra: Merger control between Amazon threat and short-run effects on the Indian economy
Authors: Karunakaran N. , George Ashitha Mary
Published: January 2025

Mergers and Acquisitions have been the most popular means of inorganic expansion of companies. It is extensively used for restructuring business organizations. The growing number of internet users, a more secure and convenient transaction system, coupled with lucrative offers and a 24x7 delivery system are the common drivers of growth. For Indian companies wishing to expand beyond India’s borders, mergers and acquisitions have become a popular method to access new markets rapidly.The immediate economic effects include potential job creation and increased investment in technology and infrastructure. With Flipkart raising $1 billion in fresh funds and Amazon pouring $2 billion into the Indian market, many existing players could fall off the investors' radar paving the way for a race between Amazon and Flipkart in India. The 2014 merger between Flipkart and Myntra marked a significant consolidation in the Indian e-commerce sector, aimed at bolstering Flipkart’s competitive stance against global rival Amazon. This paper explores the regulatory aspects of the merger control process, focusing on how the acquisition sought to mitigate the competitive threat posed by Amazon.
Assessment of the inclusiveness of health services and challenges in the context of scheduled tribes in Kerala
Authors: Karunakaran N. , Shaji Shine , Varman P. Mahendra , Rema R.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the health challenges faced by scheduled tribes (S.T.s) in Kerala, a state renowned for its progressive health indicators. Despite significant advancements in healthcare, S.T.s remains marginalised, with a population of 484839 as per the 2011 census. The paper aims to assess the inclusiveness of health services, explore the stagnation of health outcomes in tribal areas, evaluate the effectiveness of health policies, and examine the adequacy of existing health infrastructure. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study reveals high illiteracy rates and limited access to employment as primary barriers to social and economic progress. Approximately 90 percent of the tribal population engages in seasonal, low-income labour, and around 80 percent live below the poverty line. Health issues prevalent among these communities include malnutrition, anaemia, and high rates of infectious diseases, exacerbated by inadequate sanitation and water facilities. The study highlights a concerning reliance on traditional practices, leading to underutilisation of available health services. Key findings indicate that maternal health and hygiene are critical areas needing intervention, particularly regarding menstrual health issues. The functioning of community health workers, such as ASHAs, requires enhancement to ensure timely access to healthcare information and services. Recommendations emphasise the need for targeted educational initiatives, improved employment opportunities, and better maintenance of health infrastructure to foster inclusivity and address the pressing health challenges faced by scheduled tribes in Kerala.
Twin pillars: Financial literacy & financial inclusionevidence from Gujarat
Authors: Mehta Devang
Published: January 2025

India has been independent for more than 70 years now and in the recent times, the focus has strongly shifted to development policy along with financial reformation. Financial inclusion has therefore been on the agenda for the Central government as well as the Reserve Bank of India. For a nation to be financially inclusive, the population needs to be financially literate. A close reading of existing literature in this domain brings out that majority of the studies have been conducted on three variables - financial literacy, financial development and economic growth. In order to add to the existing body of research and knowledge, this paper is an attempt to inquire about the difference between ‘financial literacy’ and ‘financial awareness’ to be able to understand what can actually lead to ‘financial inclusion’ in the nation. Primary data has been collected from the urban individuals from two major cities of Gujarat and subsequent data analysis using statistical tools has been carried out.
Family values: youth’s attitudes vs older generation
Authors: Besschetnova Oksana V. , Naberushkina Elmira K.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of the sociological research conducted in 2024 and based on a qualitative methodology (18 in-depth interviews), all-Russian survey data, as well as research made by Russian scientists. The main purpose of the study is to identify the attitudes of young generations (aged 18-35) and older people (aged 60+) to marriage, family, children, divorce, use of digital technologies based on a comparative analysis. The results of the study show that the assertion that exists in public discourse about the loss of “traditional family values” by the younger generation is premature; rather, we should talk about their transformation in the context of the political and economic crisis under the influence of a higher degree of responsibility of young people in creating their own family and having children, pragmatism, and a critical assessment of their own capabilities. Currently, the problems of the older people are increasingly included in the agenda of modern state social policy in order to include them in various types of activities (education, mentoring, volunteering) to overcome loneliness, prevent destructive age-related phenomena, maintain physical and mental health, increase life expectancy, improve adaptive capabilities, which allows maintaining the connection between generations in difficult socio-economic and political conditions.
Tolstoy's time. Review of the issue of the 4th scientific collection "Alexey Tolstoy: dialogues with time" (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024) and volume 1 of the Complete Works of A.N. Tolstoy (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024)
Authors: Perepelkin Michael А.
Published: January 2025

The article is a review of the publications: Alexey Tolstoy: dialogues with time. Issue 4 / ed. by G.N. Vorontsovа; comp. by A.S. Akimovа (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024) and Tolstoy A.N. Complete works. Works of art: in 13 volumes (Moscow: IMLI RAS, 2024). These publications, on the one hand, summarize the results of the extensive research work of the past decades, and on the other hand, set tasks and outline prospects for future research. In the first of the collections, the most fundamental studies are presented byA.M. Gracheva, who raised the question of the originality of the author's position in the Russian realistic novel of the 1910s and O.V. Bystrova, who analyzed the peculiarities of the organization of artistic space in the novel "Aelita". The scientific research of I.N. Tolstoy and E.D. Tolstoy, as well as the section of the collection devoted to the novel "Peter the Great", are also interesting. Separately, the review analyzes the "Samara line" of the collection, which often acts as a "code" in it. Of great importance for Tolstoy's science is the publication of the first volume of the Complete Works of the writer, representing Tolstoy in a broader biographical, socio-cultural, historical and literary contexts, which meets the requirements of today.
Can definite descriptions be used as proper names?
Authors: Borisov Evgeniy V.
Published: January 2025

Referential use of definite descriptions in Donnellan’s sense can be accounted for in semantic and pragmatic terms. One of the semantic accounts was outlined by Kaplan and elaborated in detail by Marti. According to their theory, when a definite description is used referentially, (1) it is used as a throw-away proper name, and (2) its attributive semantic content loses any semantic relevance. (In this theory, proper names are treated as directly referring devices.) The paper presents a criticism of this view. I argue that in typical cases of referential use, the attributive semantic content of a definite description is pragmatically relevant, and because of this, only subsequent use can show its semantical irrelevance. But the subsequent use is possible only for stable names, not for throwaway names. Thus, (2) can only be grounded by evidence that (1) excludes, which undermines the empirical basis of the theory in question. I conclude that this theory has no advantage over the pragmatic account of referential use, and that the pragmatic account is preferable for reasons of parsimony.
Elzenberg, Wolniewicz and Lem
Authors: Okolowski Pawel
Published: January 2025

The article provides basic information about the biographies and philosophical legacy of some of the greatest Polish philosophers of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Wolniewicz was a student of Elsenberg and declared repeatedly that he regarded Lem as one of the greatest philosophers of our time, while Lem kept on his philosophical bookshelves at home Wolniewicz’s monograph Things and Facts (1968) and Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus in Wolniewicz’s translation (1970).
"Consciousness of machines" (1957, 1963) by Gotthard Günter and the new technocratic paradigm in Germany
Authors: Mikhailovsky Aleksandr V.
Published: January 2025

This article introduces the main philosophical work of the German-American philosopher and cyberneticist Gotthard Günther (1900–1984), The Consciousness of Machines, and considers its second edition as a transitional moment in the debate on technology in Germany. The article presents Günther’s philosophy of technology, which is based on the concept of transclassical cybernetics and reflects the relevance of the technocratic agenda in the USA and the USSR in the 1950s and, with a lag of one decade, in Western Europe and, in particular, in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1960s. Günther’s view of technology differs from the post-war techno-pessimistic views of German philosophers and sociologists in that it attempts to overcome the classical dichotomies of spirit and nature, subject and object, consciousness and matter. Günther also goes beyond A. Gehlen’s interpretation of technology as a consequence of the compensation for the defects of the human being. According to Günther, technology acquires a completely new function, becoming “another technology”. It is no longer a compensation for organic shortcomings, its purpose is no longer a mastery of nature or even an intermediary between man and nature, limited by the possibilities of engineering science, but a general theory of all systems, physical and spiritual, a “mirror” of the otherness and diversity of people, their autonomy and sovereignty.
Toponyms as a way of organizing artistic space in the novel by Georgy Venus "Finches in Armor"
Authors: Pirogova Tatiana O.
Published: January 2025

Georgy Davydovich Venus is a Russian Soviet writer whose name has been little studied by literary scholars, but his prose continues to be of great interest. The author's works were published during his lifetime and continued to be published after his rehabilitation. The experience of participating in two wars, World War I and the Civil War, and life in exile form the basis of Georgy Venus's prose work. The center of his epic work are the novels: "War and People" (1925), "Steel Helmet" (1927), "Finns in Armor" (1928), they make up a kind of trilogy. The writer perceives the First World War and the Civil War as a tragedy for the country and all of humanity.The architecture of Georgy Venus's novel "Finns in Armor" is very complex. An important aspect of the composition is the technique of montage, which transfers the heroes and readers to places of military action, to the deep rear, to Petrograd, to the remote provinces. The novel has a very weak connection to historical time, geographical space, the context of a certain era, and details acquire great weight in it. An important role in the organization of the novel's artistic space is played by toponyms, which have a special meaning in the work. We turn to such detailing of the artistic space due to the toponyms found in the novel. The events taking place in the rear unfold in many locations: in Syzran, in Buzuluk, in the Volyn province, in Petrograd. In the article, we turn to the space of the novel through the concept of "vertical context", namely, to the "social and historical context", which in turn allows us to reveal the atmosphere, the spirit of the era reflected in the work.
Transformation of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor: from a system of labor relations to the constructivist perspective
Authors: Bocharov Vladislav Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the processes of transformation of the content and boundaries of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor, which occurred from the late 1980s to the present. To achieve this goal, the tasks are solved, consisting in the analysis of scientific and educational literature on the subject of labor sociology; the description of the main methodological approaches to the study of labor relations; the construction of the content of the subject field of labor sociology from the standpoint of the latest concepts of the sociology of life and the existing experience of the Samara School of Sociology of Labor. It is emphasized that in Russian literature there are at least six approaches to the consideration of the subject of sociology of labor, which are mainly based on the systemic approach that prevailed back in Soviet times. In terms of content, one or another aspect of social interaction in the field of work is most often declared the subject of labor sociology: 1) the attitude of society to work (work as a social phenomenon), 2) relations between participants in the labor process (labor relations), 3) the attitude of participants in the labor process to their work. The methodical and methodological difficulties of analyzing labor relations are associated with the existence of many overlapping and contradictory approaches within the directions of sociological realism, nominalism and constructivism, which interpret both their content and the factors influencing them in different ways. The most promising direction of modern analysis of labor relations is the application of the constructivist concept of the sociology of life, in which labor relations can be considered as a synthesizing (unifying) concept in relation to the key components of the employee's life world (labor consciousness, labor behavior and the work environment), which in turn consist of a number of elementary concepts (labor motivation, social well-being, social tension, involvement in labor activity) in the space of the social and labor sphere of society (a structure-forming concept). Based on the experience of empirical research accumulated during the post-Soviet period and using new theoretical foundations, the main directions of modern research in the subject field of Russian sociology of labor are: 1) study of the behavior and life world of subjects of labor relations in conditions of precarious employment, 2) analysis of the content and composition of participants (subjects) of labor relations, 3) problems of inequality and social justice in conditions of everyday labor interactions.
Horizontal mobility and possibilities of its actualization
Authors: Briket Denis N.
Published: January 2025

Social mobility in literature and scientific works is often associated with one of its sides - vertical mobility. Naturally, the issues related to the class structure of society and the change of status are of greater research interest than those focused on the description of general quantitative statistics. Despite the formal role of horizontal mobility as a less meaningful area of stratification, it can be used to obtain no less interesting information about the dynamics of society as a whole, and about the private principles of social institutions. This paper attempts to describe in detail the main provisions of P. Sorokin on the structure of horizontal mobility and its relevance. First, his initial ideas about social groupings are given and the differences in their types are shown, and then the main types of social mobility are presented, as well as the limits of their applicability in the context of vertical and horizontal mobility. After highlighting the main content of horizontal mobility, the paper analyzes the current state of this area of research. The main problems in distinguishing between vertical and horizontal mobility are noted, and what possible solutions to the dichotomy can be. It also shows which modern theoretical research directions the study of horizontal mobility is connected with.
Coping the discrepancy between moral and intellectual achievement: the model integration of higher education and modern Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia.
Authors: Arroisi Jarman , Mustopa Rodhi Hakiki Bin Cecep , Djayusman Royyan Ramdhani
Published: January 2025

Currently, higher education institutions in Indonesia are considered to produce products that emphasize the intellectual aspect but lack the moral element. Meanwhile, it is recognized that pesantren institutions’ products emphasize the moral aspect but lack the intellectual element. This paper aims to analyze the model integration of higher education with modern Islamic Boarding Schools, the system of instilling values, the philosophy of the Islamic boarding school, and strategies for facing challenges—a case study of Darussalam University (UNIDA) Gontor. In addition to using the participatory observation method as a data collection tool, this paper uses descriptive analysis during reading, discussing, and writing. With this method, three important findings can be conveyed; first, the integration model between UNIDA Gontor and modern Islamic boarding schools can be appropriately implemented if an adequate boarding system supports it. Second, a boarding system that emphasizes discipline and offers a dense curriculum and a range of extracurricular activities can effectively instill values, work ethics, and the philosophy of the Islamic boarding school while also embodying the triharma of higher education. Third, the power of motivation, support from various parties, and the active participation of students in the educational process will determine their achievements and competencies while on campus or in society.
Islamic Work Ethics, Local Wisdom, and Spirit of Capitalism: Insight from a Perantau Minangkabau
Authors: Mochlasin Mochlasin , Budiharjo Budiharjo
Published: January 2025

This study aims to uncover the phenomenon of Islamic work ethics among the Minangkabau diaspora in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research adopts a phenomenological approach, utilizing Weber's theory and the religious dimensions theory proposed by Glock and Stark. To delve into the role of tradition in shaping the spirit of capitalism, Bourdieu's theory of cultural reproduction is employed. Data collection techniques include literature reviews, field observations, and in-depth interviews with Minangkabau migrants engaged in trading in Yogyakarta. The findings of this research elucidate the phenomenon of the spirit of capitalism among the Minangkabau, which differs from Weber's conclusions about modern industrial societies in the West. The religious traditions of the Minangkabau community are known to be strong, as reflected in the life philosophy of "Adat Basandi Syarak Syarak Basandi Kitabullah," meaning customs are based on law, and law is based on the Qur'an. In practice, the spirit of capitalism among the Minangkabau is not only inspired by Islamic teachings on economic doctrines but also rooted in local wisdom in the form of proverbs (pepatah-petitih) that have become integrated into speech, attitudes, and actions. The combination of religious teachings and local wisdom gives rise to the spirit of capitalism implemented in trading activities. The family network business model of kinship inspired by the values of local wisdom is also an interesting finding regarding the resilience and sustainability of their businesses. This research emphasizes the significant contribution of religious teachings and local values to the spirit of capitalism, a factor that has been overlooked. Practically, it can be useful in advocating for the preservation of local wisdom as a positive source of wealth amid the infiltration of modern culture in the era of digitization.
Reversible inhibition of chemokine receptor CXC4 signaling via AMD3100 mitigates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gabriel Yuval , Voronov-Goldman Milana , Solomon Beka
Published: January 2025

The CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in various physiological processes and the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Notably, the CXCR4/CXCL12 [stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)] interaction is instrumental in activating microglia and astrocytes, which are central mediators of inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. This activation contributes to neurotoxic stress within the neuroinflammatory cascade by promoting the secretion of proinflammatory factors. Furthermore, this axis influences glutamate release from astrocytes, impacting neuronal function and apoptosis, and is essential for maintaining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within the bone marrow. Consequently, targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis may mitigate neuroinflammation and facilitate the mobilization of HSCs from the bone marrow into the bloodstream and subsequently to the brain. Pharmacological blockade of CXCR4/CXCL12 interactions using AMD3100 (Plerixafor), a reversible CXCR4 antagonist, has been shown to reduce neuronal apoptosis. This effect is attributed to the mobilization of HSCs from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, enabling their migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to sites of neuronal damage. Our findings, alongside those of others, demonstrate that AMD3100 treatment significantly alleviates Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated pathologies and cognitive deficits. The increased presence of HSC markers in the brains of treated mice suggests that these cells originate from the bone marrow. Systemic administration of CXCR4/CXCL12 inhibitors such as AMD3100, which mobilize endogenous HSCs, may offer therapeutic benefits and address the challenges associated with stem cell transplantation-based approaches.
Media Analytics Systems in Library Activity Evaluation (on the Example of State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSTL SB RAS))
Authors: Ageeva G. M.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the relevance of practical application of media analytics systems for libraries. Media analytics is a field of research focused on the extraction of specific information from the media and social networks in order to make optimal decisions at various levels, providing access to data on the preferences, actions, location and emotions of people - consumers of products and services. The problem is the need to track media activity and user activity in social networks by means of modern technologies in order to study the media image of an organization or person formed and to assess media presence. The aim of the article is to analyze in a comparative way the capabilities of automated services of media and social media monitoring “Medialogy” and “SCAN-Interfax” on the example of SPSTL SB RAS. The results, of the research conducted during the period 11.05.2023–11.05.2024, are presented. Despite the differences in the quantity of the publications found by the systems, common trends are identified. They are: the decrease, although insignificant, in the number of references on the library compared to the previous period of similar temporal coverage; the leading role of the official website; the neutral nature of most reports; one and the same key information occasions; regional affiliation and source categories, etc. It is found that the analysis parameters and functionality of the above-mentioned resources are similar, and the toolkit of the systems allows us the evaluation the effectiveness of both separate informational occasions and the overall PR-activity of the library. “SCAN-Interfax” and “Medialogy” systems offer a convenient toolkit for creating detailed and graphically expressive reports on the representation of SPSTL SB RAS in the media space. This approach seems innovative and promising in relation to the activities of library institutions and deserves replication as an empirical tool for scientific research (evaluation of marketing and PR activities of a library, management efficiency, an organization image), for the development of practical recommendations to improve library content.
The Possibilities of Libraries for Solving Problems of Scientific Ethics
Authors: Lavrik O. L.
Published: January 2025

Search and development of library activity areas, when it is no more the only custodian of information, and the organization, which provides access to it, is one of the pressing present problems. Scientific libraries have long been engaged in the popularization of science. Now, besides popularization, in the relations between science and society, one highlights the understanding of science and the involving of public in science, as well. The author analyzes the existing forms of library activities on the example of ethical problems of science from the viewpoint of their suitability for the main areas of interaction between science and the public. The author comes to following the conclusions: 1) the advantages of acceptable forms are their high quality due to the invitation of researchers to participate; control over the agenda (the event plan); the ability to select an audience (it can be very big); direct communication; inclusion of external partners as experts and the ability to record the event and to demonstrate it via Internet. The disadvantages can be the difficulty to control the perception of information (there is no complete control by researchers; dependence on the resources of organization; the need for additional work to attract readers; possession of communication skills; 2) almost all forms of library work are suitable for science popularization. Much fewer ones can be used for understanding scientific phenomena and results. At the same time, all of them require direct participation of scientists. Any form (besides databases and repositorium) can be used to involve the general public into science. For different purposes in this area, different forms are necessary; 3) created in libraries repositories and scientific databases are controlled by scientists poorly. They can be used not only by scientists, thus increasing the possibility of misinterpretation by society; 4) when creating advisory bibliographic resources the position of the expert selecting and advising popular science literature, is important, as well as the opinion of the readers who have the opportunity to post their viewpoint on any advises document.
Natural Intelligence in Search of Ways to Apply Artificial One (Results of the Scientific and Practical Conference “The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Library and Information Activities”)
Authors: Stepanov V. K.
Published: January 2025

The article is an analytical review of reports and presentations made at the scientific conference “Application of Artificial Intelligence in Library and Information Activities” and held by INION RAS on May 29, 2024. The current state of Artificial Intelligence (AI) use in libraries in Russia and neighboring countries is described, including examples of the use of neural network applications in commercial projects and libraries of various types. Particular attention is paid to the experience of the Russian State Library, which actively uses ready-made software solutions and develops its own AI products. Among the problems hindering the active implementation of AI in library practice, the following are highlighted: insufficient awareness of librarians about the capabilities of AI, imperfection of currently existing applications, high corporate information security requirements, and the lack of labeled datasets for training neural networks. The challenges for librarianship associated with the spread of AI are also considered, including the possibility of replacing the traditional functionality of librarians with the work of artificial neural networks. The main areas of prospective development of artificial intelligence in librarianship include the creation ofsystems for collapsing information about documents and systems for advisory reading. The current tasks, which constitute a whole new area of work for libraries, include users training in AI tools, which is designed to give the audience a clear understanding of the capabilities and limitations of GPT systems. It is emphasized that the development of artificial intelligence can lead to a radical change in the role of libraries in the structure of information exchanges, which requires the librarianship to carefully study the situation and adapt to new technological conditions.
A CLINICAL CASE OF ACUTE PHENOL INTOXICATION AS AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: BASIC REGULATORY DOCUMENTS
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, DELYAN ARTUR M. , GALIULLIN ILGIZ M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, NASIBULLINA ALIYA R. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, MELNIKOV EVGENIJ A. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, GARIPOVA RAILYA V. ,   Kazan State Medical University, MIFTAKHOVA SVETLANA N. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Introduction. Phenol (hydroxybenzene) can cause acute poisoning that may occur through inhalation of its
high concentrations or from skin contact. Acute intoxication is manifested by damaging the central nervous system with
the development of cerebral disorders. Changes in the blood can manifest as redistributive leukocytosis. Aim of the study
is to analyze the clinical observation of a patient with acute phenol poisoning who was admitted at the Department of
Toxicology in City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov. Materials and Methods. Patient I. was taken by
an ambulance team from enterprise N, where, while working with phenol and wearing personal protective equipment, he
received a chemical injury in contact with the substance. Results and Discussion. At the admission time, the condition
was assessed as stable and severe. Final diagnosis by ICD-10: T54.0: Toxic effect: Phenol and phenol homologues.
Complications of the underlying disease: Toxic encephalopathy. Primary intoxication delirium. Concomitant diseases:
Chemical burn with phenol (acid) of the 1st degree on an area of 6% of the body surface. Conclusions. To resolve the
issue of occupational disease and examine his/her professional aptitude, the employee must be sent to the City Center
of Occupational Disease within the structure of the City Clinical Hospital No. 7.
PROVISION OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION CARE TO ORTHOPEDIC AND TRAUMA PATIENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, DELYAN ARTUR M. , BODROVA RESEDA A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, VAGIZOVA AYSYLU M. ,   City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov, Kazan, SADRUTDINOVA ADILYA A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy, GALIMULLINA INDIRA I. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy
Published: January 2025

Abstracts. Introduction. In the Republic of Tatarstan, orthopedic and trauma diseases occupy the third place among
the diseases leading to disability among adults. Timely patients’ rehabilitation allows restoring their previous activity
and preventing complications. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the medical rehabilitation
system for orthopedic and trauma patients over the last three years. Materials and Methods. The clinical and expert
statistical method, the method of generalization, and comparative analysis were used to process the data of patients
with orthopedic and trauma diseases, who had been provided with medical rehabilitation care for the last three years.
Statistical data were used, provided by the General Office of Medical and Social Assessment in the Republic of Tatarstan,
by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, and by the Ministry of Health of the Republic
of Tatarstan. Statistical analysis was performed using the GraphPadPrism 9 software package. Quantitative variables
were presented as medians and quartiles, while qualitative variables were presented as percentages. Comparative
analysis (for dependent samples) was based on determining the reliability of the difference between indicators using the
Wilcoxon test. Differences at p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results and Discussion. In the Republic
of Tatarstan, the number of patients who received medical rehabilitation increased by 32% in 2023, of which the number
of orthopedic and trauma patients increased by 31%. In 2023, the number of the first-time declared group I disabled
decreased by 0.6% and of first-time declared group II ones by 0.7%, while medical rehabilitation of patients increased
by 53% in round-the-clock inpatient facilities and by 37% in outpatient facilities. Conclusions. Increased number of
orthopedic and trauma patients provided with medical rehabilitation care at the inpatient and outpatient stages, led to a
decrease in the number of the first-time declared group I disabled by 0.6% and the first-time declared group II disabled by
0.7% This substantiates the need for further development of medical rehabilitation in the traumatology and orthopedics
area to return the patient to social and domestic activities, preserve their working potential, and stabilize their health.