bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NiFeP nanosheets for efficient and durable hydrazine-assisted electrolytic hydrogen production
Authors: Hou Jinxing , Mei Kaifeng , Jiang Tongtong , Yu Xinxin , Wu Mingzai
Published: February 2024

NiFeP nanosheets have excellent OHzS properties, reducing voltages at 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2 by 1.43 V and 1.42 V.
Updated perspective on solar steam generation application
Authors: Onggowarsito Casey , Mao Shudi , Zhang Xin Stella , Feng An , Xu Haolan , Fu Qiang
Published: February 2024

This perspective highlights the challenges and opportunities in interfacial evaporation, heat and water management, materials synthesis, and device development for solar steam generation.
Investigation into the effect of solvents on lignin hydrogenation for the production of phenolic compounds
Authors: Liu Chao , Wu Yiqiang , Cai Tingting , Chen Yuwei , Jia Shuya , Zhang Xiaolei , Li Zhaoshuang , Wu Zhiping , Qing Yan , Jiang Jianchun , Wang Kui
Published: February 2024

Solvents play a critical role in the lignin hydrogenation process.
Glyoxalase-based toolbox for the enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy carboxylic acids
Authors: Yedigenov Mussa , Amire Niyaz , Abdirassil Aizat , Mulikova Tomiris , Begenov Azamat , Kiesilä Anniina , Peshkov Anatoly A. , Peshkov Vsevolod A. , Utepbergenov Darkhan
Published: February 2024

Glyoxalases DJ-1 and GlxI/II were used for the enantioselective conversion of 13 (hetero)aryl glyoxals to l- and d-α-hydroxy carboxylic acids, respectively.
Crystal structure, quantum chemical insights, and molecular docking studies of Naryl-2-(N-disubstituted) acetamide compounds: potential inhibitors for neurodegenerative enzymes
Authors: Camargo-Ayala Lorena , Bedoya Mauricio , Prent-Peñaloza Luis , Polo-Cuadrado Efraín , Osorio Edison , Brito Iván , Delgado Gerzon E. , González Wendy , Gutierrez Margarita
Published: February 2024

The increase in and concern about neurodegenerative diseases continue to grow in an increasingly long-lived world population.
Lattice vibration modes and electron–phonon interactions in monolayer vs. bilayer of transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Menéndez-Proupin E. , Morell E. Suárez , Marques G. E. , Trallero-Giner C.
Published: February 2024

Phonon spectra of transition metal dichalcogenides are studied using first principles calculations and Born–Huang model phenomenological description.
Lithium-rich sulfide Li2Ti1−xSixS3 cathode materials optimized through Si-doping for high-capacity all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hu Yaqi , Zhang Zongliang , Liu Siliang , He Fangbo , Liu Yang , Zhuang Zhi , Liu Fangyang
Published: February 2024

The dual-function strategy of Si doping improved the anionic redox activity and Li+ diffusion capability of Li2Ti1−xSixS3 and enabled the rocksalt-type Li2Ti1−xSixS3 to achieve a high areal capacity of 9.79 mA h cm−2 in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
A highly conductive and ultra-stretchable polyaniline/cellulose nanocrystal/polyacrylamide hydrogel with hydrophobic associations for wearable strain sensors
Authors: Rahmani Pooria , Shojaei Akbar , Dickey Michael D.
Published: February 2024

A highly stretchable hydrogel with extraordinary conductivity forms by polymerizing polyaniline within polyacrylamide. The latter contains hydrophobic associations and cellulose nanocrystals to provide excellent mechanical properties.
Hybrid ultrasound and photoacoustic contrast agent designs combining metal phthalocyanines and PBCA microbubbles
Authors: Barmin Roman A. , Moosavifar MirJavad , Zhang Rui , Rütten Stephan , Thoröe-Boveleth Sven , Rama Elena , Ojha Tarun , Kiessling Fabian , Lammers Twan , Pallares Roger M.
Published: February 2024

The combination of polymeric PBCA microbubbles and highly hydrophobic metal phthalocyanines provides bimodal ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging capabilities based on the high encapsulation efficiencies and tunable optical properties of the latter.
3D-printed flexible energy harvesting devices designed using non-layered two-dimensional natural tourmaline silicates
Authors: Mahapatra Preeti Lata , Tromer Raphael , Jayakumar Anjali , Costin Gelu , Lahiri Basudev , Nair Rahul R. , Roy Debmalya , Roy Ajit K. , Pandey Prafull , Galvao Douglas S. , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar
Published: February 2024

This paper shows how non-layered naturally occurring tourmaline silicates can be exfoliated into 2D structures for use in fabrics and 3D printed biomedical health monitoring devices.
Unravelling the strong interplay for interfacial magnetic switching in metal–organic-based spintronics
Authors: Chen Wan-Ting , Yu Li-Chung , Lin Jiu-Hua , Cheng Su Ling , Shiu Hung Wei , Lai Yu-Ling , Chu Ying-Hao , Chin Yi-Ying , Wang Jeng-Han , Hsu Yao-Jane
Published: February 2024

The magnetic interplay of the Co/Feq3 system is strongly influenced by the chemical state of the central iron ion in Feq3 (dominant iron(ii)) at the interface.
Preparation of a ruthenium complex covalently bonded to multilayer graphene and its evaluation as a photocatalyst
Authors: Rodríguez-Flórez Lesly V. , de Gracia Retamosa María , Navlani-García Miriam , Cazorla-Amorós Diego , Nájera Carmen , Yus Miguel , Sansano José M.
Published: February 2024

Multilayer graphene (MLG), obtained by mild sonication of graphite in NMP, was functionalised via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with azomethine ylides generated by thermal 1,2-prototropy from various imino esters. The final use as heterogeneous metallophotocatalyst is demonstrated.
Selective anchoring of Pt NPs on covalent triazine-based frameworks via in situ derived bridging ligands for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zheng Ling-Ling , Li Xiang , Wang Dengke , Chen Ying , Fu Qian , Wu Dai-She , Liu Xiao-Zhen , Zou Jian-Ping
Published: February 2024

In situ derived bridging ligands on covalent triazine-based frameworks for improving the activity and stability of photocatalytic H2 evolution via selective anchoring of Pt NPs.
Pd-catalyzed ortho-C–H arylation of free anilines with arylboric acids forming o-amino biaryls
Authors: Lin Ying , Ye Changxu , Zhou Meng , Tang Zhi , Liu Long , Wang Yuansheng , Wang Lingling , Chen Tieqiao
Published: February 2024

Pd-catalyzed o-C–H arylation of anilines with arylboric acids is reported, which enables a wide range of arylboric acids to couple with free anilines to produce o-amino biaryls in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance.
Hyperspectral imaging and dynamic region of interest tracking approaches to quantify localized cAMP signals
Authors: Johnson Santina C. , Annamdevula Naga S. , Leavesley Silas J. , Francis C. Michael , Rich Thomas C.
Published: February 2024

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a ubiquitous second messenger known to orchestrate a myriad of cellular functions over a wide range of timescales. In the last 20 years, a variety of single-cell sensors have been developed to measure second messenger signals including cAMP, Ca2+, and the balance of kinase and phosphatase activities. These sensors utilize changes in fluorescence emission of an individual fluorophore or Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to detect changes in second messenger concentration. cAMP and kinase activity reporter probes have provided powerful tools for the study of localized signals. Studies relying on these and related probes have the potential to further revolutionize our understanding of G protein-coupled receptor signaling systems. Unfortunately, investigators have not been able to take full advantage of the potential of these probes due to the limited signal-to-noise ratio of the probes and the limited ability of standard epifluorescence and confocal microscope systems to simultaneously measure the distributions of multiple signals (e.g. cAMP, Ca2+, and changes in kinase activities) in real time. In this review, we focus on recently implemented strategies to overcome these limitations: hyperspectral imaging and adaptive thresholding approaches to track dynamic regions of interest (ROI). This combination of approaches increases signal-to-noise ratio and contrast, and allows identification of localized signals throughout cells. These in turn lead to the identification and quantification of intracellular signals with higher effective resolution. Hyperspectral imaging and dynamic ROI tracking approaches offer investigators additional tools with which to visualize and quantify multiplexed intracellular signaling systems.
Koopman fault‐tolerant model predictive control
Authors: Bakhtiaridoust Mohammadhosein , Yadegar Meysam , Jahangiri Fatemeh
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces a novel data‐driven approach to develop a fault‐tolerant model predictive controller (MPC) for non‐linear systems. By adopting a Koopman operator‐theoretic perspective, the proposed method leverages historical data from the system to construct a data‐driven model that captures the non‐linear behaviour and fault characteristics. The fault influence is addressed through an online estimation of a time‐varying Koopman predictor, which allows for adjusting the MPC control law to counteract the fault effects. This estimation is performed in a higher dimensional Koopman feature space, where the dynamics behave linearly. As a result, the non‐linear fault‐tolerant MPC optimization problem can be replaced with a more practical and feasible linear time‐varying one using the approximated Koopman predictor. Moreover, by incorporating the online update procedure, the time‐varying Koopman predictor can represent the dynamics of the faulty system. Hence, the controller can adapt and compensate for the faults in real‐time, integrating the fault diagnosis module in the MPC framework and eliminating the need for a separate fault detection unit. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated through case study results, which highlight the ability of the controller to mitigate faults and maintain desired system behaviour.
Design and development of robotic system for precise vascular access and autonomous venipuncture
Authors: Kim Seho , Choi Seonil , Yeom Kiwon
Published: February 2024

The medical robot systems have the effect of reducing the work load and preventing accidents by supporting task that are difficult for inexperienced medical practitioners. Recently, research on automated blood collection and injection robotic system has been increasing, but work is still necessary such as replacing needle tips, setting tourniquet, and fixing the patient's arm. This letter proposes an intelligent intravenous injection robot without having to see the medical workers face‐to‐face. A revolving system is designed for automatic needle replacement and an arm holder for vessel fixation. Finally, positioning the needle at the target point is experimented by position control based on mathematical modelling and velocity kinematics.
The magnetic field in the Flame nebula
Authors: Bešlić I. , Coudé S. , Lis D. C. , Gerin M. , Goldsmith P. F. , Pety J. , Roueff A. , Demyk K. , Dowell C. D. , Einig L. , Goicoechea J. R. , Levrier F. , Orkisz J. , Peretto N. , Santa-Maria M. G. , Ysard N. , Zakardjian A.
Published: February 2024

Context.Star formation drives the evolution of galaxies and the cycling of matter between different phases of the interstellar medium and stars. The support of interstellar clouds against gravitational collapse by magnetic fields has been proposed as a possible explanation for the low observed star formation efficiency in galaxies and the Milky Way. ThePlancksatellite provided the first all-sky map of the magnetic field geometry in the diffuse interstellar medium on angular scales of 5–15′. However, higher spatial resolution observations are required to understand the transition from diffuse, subcritical gas to dense, gravitationally unstable filaments.

Aims.NGC 2024, also known as the Flame nebula, is located in the nearby Orion B molecular cloud. It contains a young, expanding HIIregion and a dense supercritical filament. This filament harbors embedded protostellar objects and is likely not supported by the magnetic field against gravitational collapse. Therefore, NGC 2024 provides an excellent opportunity to study the role of magnetic fields in the formation, evolution, and collapse of dense filaments, the dynamics of young HIIregions, and the effects of mechanical and radiative feedback from massive stars on the surrounding molecular gas.

Methods.We combined new 154 and 216 μm dust polarization measurements carried out using the HAWC+ instrument aboard SOFIA with molecular line observations of12CN(1−0) and HCO+(1−0) from the IRAM 30-m telescope to determine the magnetic field geometry, and to estimate the plane of the sky magnetic field strength across the NGC 2024 HIIregion and the surrounding molecular cloud.

Results.The HAWC+ observations show an ordered magnetic field geometry in NGC 2024 that follows the morphology of the expanding HIIregion and the direction of the main dense filament. The derived plane of the sky magnetic field strength is moderate, ranging from 30 to 80 μG. The strongest magnetic field is found at the eastern edge of the HIIregion, characterized by the highest gas densities and molecular line widths. In contrast, the weakest field is found toward the main, dense filament in NGC 2024.

Conclusions.We find that the magnetic field has a non-negligible influence on the gas stability at the edges of the expanding HIIshell (gas impacted by stellar feedback) and the filament (site of current star formation).
JWST reveals a high fraction of disk breaks at 1 ≤z≤ 3
Authors: Xu Dewang , Yu Si-Yue
Published: February 2024

We analyzed the deconvolved surface brightness profiles of 247 massive and angularly large disk galaxies at 1 ≤ z ≤ 3 to study high-redshift disk breaks, usingF356W-band images from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science survey (CEERS). We found that 12.6% of these galaxies exhibit type I (exponential) profiles, 56.7% exhibit type II (down-bending) profiles, and 34.8% exhibit type III (up-bending) profiles. Moreover, we showed that galaxies that are more massive, centrally concentrated, or redder, tend to show fewer type II and more type III breaks. These fractions and the detected dependencies on galaxy properties are in good agreement with those observed in the Local Universe. In particular, the ratio of the type II disk break radius to the bar radius in barred galaxies typically peaks at a value of 2.25, perhaps due to bar-induced radial migration. However, the timescale for secular evolution may be too lengthy to explain the observed breaks at such high redshifts. Instead, violent disk instabilities may be responsible, where spiral arms and clumps torque fling out the material, leading to the formation of outer exponential disks. Our results provide further evidence for the assertion that the Hubble Sequence was already in place during these early periods.
Contribution of hydraulic modeling and hydrology to flood prevention and design of engineering structures: Case study of a bridge over the Oued Ourika – Morocco
Authors: Achraf Chakri , Nour-Eddine Laftouhi , Mounsif Ibnoussina , Leila Mandi
Published: February 2024

Located downstream of the Ourika watershed near the commune of Chouiter, the bridge studied is built over the Oued Ourika at the level of the N9 (national road linking Marrakech to Ouarzazat). The flood event of November 2014, reaching a peak flow of 347 m3/s, destabilized the bridge’s overall structure. Hence, the need to rebuild a new bridge, taking into account the magnitude of these extreme events. Hydraulic modeling involves creating mathematical and computer-based representations of hydraulic systems. Its purpose is to simulate water flow behavior and map flood-prone areas. Before initiating any hydraulic simulation, it is imperative to conduct a hydrological study to provide the input data for the hydraulic model. Precipitation records, evaporation rates, soil permeability, historical peak flow data, and site topography constitute, on the one hand, the product of the hydrological study and, on the other, the inputs for the hydraulic model. The hydraulic model is based on Saint-Vant equations to solve the conservation of mass and momentum equations. The aim of this work is to determine the critical water level at the bridge for a 100-year flood in order to optimize the height of the new bridge.
Balancing urban growth and the sustainability of groundwater and agricultural land: Case of the berrechid-settat area
Authors: Laalaoui Youssef , Elassaoui Naima , Ouahine Oumaima
Published: February 2024

Urbanization is an inevitable global phenomenon characterized by the exponential growth of urban areas in terms of both population and infrastructure. However, this rapid urban expansion often comes at a significant environmental cost. This article explores the multifaceted consequences of urbanization, shedding light on its role in contributing to desertification, compromising water quality, and depleting groundwater resources. To assess the scale of urbanization’s impact, comprehensive landuse studies are crucial. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques offer valuable tools for mapping and monitoring land-use changes over time. These methods enable the quantification of the conversion of agricultural land into urban areas and identify trends in urban sprawl, providing essential data for understanding the scale of the issue. Water quality assessments are equally vital; we can employ water sampling and laboratory analyses to quantify pollutant concentrations in urban runoff and groundwater. Monitoring the presence of contaminants such as oil, chemicals, and litter, as well as their effects on water quality; helps measure the environmental impact of urbanization. Groundwater studies can utilize hydrogeological investigations, including the use of monitoring wells and geophysical methods, to evaluate changes in groundwater levels and quality. These data are instrumental in gauging the depletion of groundwater reserves and their potential contribution to water scarcity issues. In conclusion, the consequences of urbanization extend far beyond the confines of urban areas, affecting agriculture, ecosystems, and water resources. As urbanization continues to advance, it is imperative to develop sustainable urban planning and management strategies that mitigate its environmental impact, preserve agricultural land, protect groundwater resources, and ensure the long-term health of the planet.
Fit-For-Purpose Cadaster Architecture for Moroccan Land-Use Planner: Proposal and Perception
Authors: Rissouni Youssef , Jamal ElHassan , Jamil Hicham , Al Ansari Rachid , El Mansouri Bouabid , Chao Jamal , Moumen Aniss
Published: February 2024

The influx of foreign investment in Morocco necessitates a robust and integrated land information system to support informed decision-making and ensure sustainable growth. The fit-for-purpose cadastre emerges as a promising solution, offering transparency, efficiency, and data-driven land management. However, its full potential remains untapped due to persistent challenges: fragmented data across government agencies, opaque information exchange mechanisms, and outdated infrastructure.

This research delves into these challenges by investigating the perspectives of diverse stakeholders crucial to successful cadastre implementation: land tenure specialists, public policymakers, spatial planners, and investors. Through in-depth interviews, we illuminate the current state of land information management in Morocco, pinpoint critical roadblocks hindering transparency, efficiency, and sustainability, and propose a multi-pronged approach to unlock the transformative potential of a fit-for-purpose cadastre system.
Hydrogeological characterization of Settat Ben Ahmed plateau aquifer (Central Morocco)
Authors: Elfirdoussi Asma , El Amrani Paaza Namira , Soulaimani Aziz
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine groundwater dynamic and hydrochemistry for a better understanding of a hydrogeological unity of sedimentary rock to learn about chemical processes and water quality of Settat Ben Ahmed plateau aquifer. The findings reveal the chemical facies change according to the depth and geological nature of the aquifer captured. Samples of deeper point captured upstream and from Cenomano-Turonien limestones are HCO3-Ca-Mg type and account for lowest electric conductivity (EC) values. However, samples of shallow points and downstream are Cl-SO4-Ca with important EC values.
Structuring light sorter based on a cylindrically anisotropic spherulite prism
Authors: Liu Yuanfeng , Zhou Le , Wen Yongzheng , Shen Yang , Sun Jingbo , Zhou Ji
Published: February 2024

Structured light plays an important role in modern optical technologies, such as the high capacity communication and particle manipulation. In this paper, we design and experimentally demonstrate a patterned wedge-shaped liquid crystal prism, which is capable of sorting structured light of different vector polarizations and orbital angular momenta from a circularly polarized light. Mimicking the design of the metamaterials, the molecules inside the liquid crystal are intensively aligned azimuthally to form a spherulite with cylindrically anisotropic optical indices. Together with the wedged shape, a circularly polarized beam transmitting through the prism may experience a strong birefringence and is thus sorted into two optical vortex beams with radial and azimuthal polarizations. These results contribute to the advanced complex light manipulation, paving the way to realize the simultaneous control of light's polarization and orbital angular momentum in a compact and efficient way.
Critical materials and PV cells interconnection
Authors: Perelman Antoine , Barth Vincent , Mandorlo Fabien , Voroshazi Eszter
Published: February 2024

Assessment of the critical nature of a material for an application is a relevant notion to anticipate supply issues for an application and a territory. To establish a list of the critical materials, we have developed an approach taking into account geological scarcity, deployment logistics and societal aspects. This article aims to apply this framework to photovoltaic (PV) module interconnection. We draw the conclusion that even if concerns of critical materials are focused on Silver (Ag) scarcity (on metallization part), interconnection materials such as Tin (Sn) and Bismuth (Bi) are even more critical, mainly due to their mostly dispersive uses. This leads us to a standard module conception analysis and emphasizes the interest of improving a more modularized PV module architecture in order to improve high value recycling. An example of such a conception is given with NICE concept. Another example offering a way to optimize metallization conception toward a less consuming pattern is also described.
The effects of wide vs. self-selected squat stance width on performance indices in elite rugby league players; an 8-week pre-season randomized controlled intervention
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , James Edmundson Christopher , Taylor Paul John , Grecic David , Jones Bryan , Butters Bobbie , Bentley Ian
Published: February 2024

This study examined the efficacy of wide compared to self-selected stance width squats in terms of mediating performance improvements during an 8-week period of pre-season training in elite rugby league players. Participants (N = 26) were randomly separated into either wide (N = 13) (i.e. self-selected squat stance width increased by 20%) or self-selected (N = 13) squat stance width training groups, and they completed an 8-week pre-season training block. Measures of 505-agility test time (primary outcome), 3 repetition maximum (3RM) squat strength in participants self-selected stance position and counter movement jump height were measured at baseline and 8-weeks. There were no significant differences between training groups in terms of the improvements made during the intervention period for 505-agility test (wide: pre = 2.47 ± 0.08 & post = 2.34 ± 0.11’s and self-selected: pre = 2.46 ± 0.05 & post = 2.35 ± 0.08’s), counter movement jump (wide: pre = 42.68 ± 9.57 & post = 44.65 ± 9.04 cm, and self-selected: pre = 49.33 ± 6.70 & post = 50.33 ± 4.67 cm) or 3RM squat strength (wide: pre = 159.00 ± 15.24 & post = 178.00 ± 19.32 kg and self-selected: pre = 168.33 ± 11.73 & post = 185.56 ± 16.48kg). As such the findings from the current randomized controlled trial suggest that there is not sufficient evidence to suggest that wide stance width squats represent a more efficacious method of resistance training prescription in elite rugby league.
Lagerung und Temperaturstabilität von Humaninsulinen
Authors: Wendt Sebastian
Published: February 2024

Insulin gehört seit 1977 laut WHO zu den „unverzichtbaren Arzneimitteln“. Millionen von Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus sind weltweit auf dieses wertvolle Medikament angewiesen – viele davon leben in Ländern mit unzureichenden Kühlmöglichkeiten. Auch vor dem Hintergrund steigender Temperaturen aufgrund des Klimawandels, der Energieverteuerung sowie der Wahl geeigneter Reiseziele für insulinpflichtige Diabetiker ist die Einhaltung der Kühlkette oftmals eine Herausforderung. Ein aktueller Cochrane-Review bringt das alte Dogma der Kühlpflichtigkeit von Humaninsulinen nun ins Wanken. Dies könnte eine Chance sein, das Medikament in Ländern mit eingeschränkten Infrastrukturen breiter verfügbar zu machen und insulinpflichtigen Touristen das Reisen zu erleichtern.
Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted Pyrroline Nitroxides Containing Diphenylphosphane or Diphenylphosphane Oxide Substituents
Authors: Kálai Tamás , Balázsi Áron , Bognár Balázs , Jekő József
Published: February 2024

(Methyl 4-(diphenylphosphoryl)-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate-1-yl)oxydanyl was obtained as a key intermediate of the reaction starting from 3,4-dibromo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yloxydanyl or (methyl 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate-1-yl)oxidanyl. This key compound could be converted into an azido-specific Staudinger ligation-inducing spin label, amino- and thiol-specific spin label, or MITO-CP-like antiproliferative agent.
The Effect of Various Preparation and Cementation Techniques of Dental Veneers on Periodontal Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Al-Shorman Hisham M. , Abu-Naba'a Layla A. , Sghaireen Mohammed Ghazi , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: February 2024

Dental veneers are widely used to restore or/and enhance dental aesthetics. However, it is not well understood how various veneer preparation and cementation methods affect periodontal health. To provide a quantitative estimate of the overall effect size of the intervention, this study was conducted to synthesize the available evidence on the impact of various dental veneer preparation and cementation methods on periodontal status. A thorough search strategy was implemented using Medical Subject Headings keywords and Boolean operators across various major databases, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Nine papers were ultimately selected for inclusion in the review. Seven studies demonstrated a positive impact of dental veneers on overall periodontal health, while two studies reported a slight worsening. The forest plot analyses showed a somewhat protective effect of dental veneers on periodontal health, with odds ratio of 0.18 and relative risk of 0.34, suggesting that dental veneers may have a positive impact on overall periodontal health. The current study, with considerable heterogeneity among the studies, indicates that dental veneers are associated with an overall positive effect on the periodontal health. However, given the variations in study designs, sample sizes, and follow-up times, additional research may be required to confirm and generalize these results.
Assessment of Posterior Maxillary Alveolar Bone for Immediate Implant Placement: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Alkhames Hussain M. , Ali Ramy Moustafa Moustafa , Alzouri Sukinah Sameer , Bayome Mohamed
Published: February 2024

Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate posterior maxillary alveolar bone dimensions and to compare these dimensions in males and females.

Materials and Methods The sample consisted of 102 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for 62 male patients (mean age 29.92 ± 9.04 years) and 40 female patients (mean age 29.70 ± 9.54 years). Four distances and three densities were measured; a multivariate analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney's U test were applied to compare the differences between sexes.

Results For the first maxillary molar, there were significant differences between males and females in terms of coronal width (13.95 ± 1.31 and 13.22 ± 1.159 mm, respectively) and middle width (14.28 ± 1.43 and 13.57 ± 1.478 mm, respectively). However, no significant difference was found regarding height (7.93 ± 3.8 mm for both) or apical width (14.68 ± 2 mm for both). Regarding the second maxillary molar, significant differences between males and females were found in terms of coronal width (14.66 ± 1.63 and 13.54 ± 1.512 mm, respectively), middle width (14.35 ± 1.825 and 13.25 ± 1.52 mm, respectively), and height (7.29 ± 3.00 and 8.66 ± 3.16 mm, respectively), whereas the gender dimorphism regarding apical width had borderline significance (14.09 ± 1.731 mm; p = 0.048). No significant differences were found regarding density.

Conclusion The minimum average alveolar bone height for the second maxillary molar region was 7.29 ± 30 mm with significant gender dimorphism. Therefore, CBCT scans should be recommended prior to immediate implant placement.
Zirconia CAD-CAM Crowns Behavior after Intraoral Digital Impression in Normal versus Dysfunctional Patients: 3 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Ferrini Francesco , Gianfreda Francesco , Bova Francesco , Cattoni Francesca , Bollero Patrizio , Gherlone Enrico , Mastrangelo Filiberto
Published: February 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance and possible complications of single zirconia crowns fabricated using an intraoral digital computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) protocol in normal and dysfunctional patients after 3 years of follow-up.

Materials and Methods Seventy patients were included in this study. The teeth were prepared with a knife-edge marginal design, and temporary crowns were placed. Digital impressions were taken using optical scanning, and the frameworks were milled using the same technology. The veneering process was performed by the same dental technician. The occlusal corrections were made before cementation. The outcomes were evaluated in terms of survival, failures, and complications. The marginal adaptation of the crowns was also assessed.

Results The digital protocol for single zirconia crowns resulted in satisfactory outcomes, with high rates of survival and minimal complications after 3 years of follow-up. The marginal adaptation of the crowns was excellent, with 93% of the restorations achieving the ideal marginal adaptation, while 7% had minor deviations. Parafunctions were found in 41.9% of the prosthetic rehabilitation, but no significant differences were observed between the normal and dysfunctional groups regarding the survival and complications of the crowns.

Conclusion The digital protocol for single zirconia crowns is a reliable and predictable treatment option, even for patients with parafunction, when proper occlusal corrections are performed before cementation. The use of intraoral digital CAD-CAM technologies with optical impressions can simplify procedures, reduce the workflow time, and minimize the variables linked to the human factor.
Ethical Principles in Plastic Surgery Research
Authors: Prescher Hannes , Vercler Christian J.
Published: February 2024

Research is an integral part of medical progress that leads to better understanding of disease processes and the development of therapies to improve patient care. The medical community has an obligation and societal responsibility to review its practices and advance its knowledge to optimize care for those who entrust it with their health and well-being. While ultimately intended to benefit patients specifically and society as a whole, every laboratory and clinical investigation inherently carries an element of uncertainty and has attendant risks. These can have unintended and, at times, harmful consequences that cannot justify the knowledge gained. In order to mitigate these risks and protect human subjects involved in clinical research studies, a basic framework of ethical principles has been developed to guide responsible experimental design, execution, and data dissemination. This article provides a review of these principles and the historical context from which they were derived and explores the persistent challenges and cognitive biases that can increase susceptibility to unethical research practices.
Management of Spontaneous Spinal CSF Leaks Using Noninvasive Dynamic MR Neurography: A Case Series
Authors: Suman Prabhat , Lath Rahul , Ranjan Alok , Gurrala Shekhar Reddy , Ipilli Kaushal , Prasad Ravikanti Satya , Vora Tarang K.
Published: February 2024

Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak presents with orthostatic headache and may lead to formation of subdural collection. Invasive magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography myelography is routinely used to detect these leaks. Noninvasive dynamic magnetic resonance neurography can also detect these leaks and confirm its resolution post treatment. It includes three-dimensional NerveView, a high-resolution short-tau inversion recovery sequence for better visualization of spinal nerves and leak sites. This article showcases the diagnostic and therapeutic journey of three patients with spontaneous spinal CSF leak all of whom were diagnosed with dynamic magnetic resonance neurography and treated successfully with autologous targeted epidural blood patch. In one case, epidural blood patch was repeated after 2 months for recurrence of the leak.
Playing the Victim: Mockery, compassion, and racialization in premodern English Buffeting plays
Authors: Brazil Sarah
Published: February 2024

Passion episodes such as the Buffeting are known for the powerful acts of compassion they occasioned within audiences through their performance of violence on the person of Jesus. Few critics, however, have considered that these episodes depend on antisemitic, Islamophobic, and anti-Black depictions of antagonists when engendering such emotional dispositions. By investigating the dynamics of mockery through a deeper look into the composite identities of Jesus’s antagonists, this study reveals that these plays and the communities that produced them rely on a disingenuous stance of victimhood for their effectiveness. This ‘victim play’—the collaborative community effort to claim the status of victim while simultaneously participating in the victimization of others—obscures that those who are attributed cruel acts of mockery are actually its targets. The powerful rhetorical strategies of the premodern English episodes are thus unearthed in this study.
Affective, defective, and infective narratives on social media about nuclear energy and atomic conflict during the 2022 Italian electoral campaign
Authors: Persico Simone
Published: February 2024

In the digital age, poor public communication catalyzes the spread of disinformation within public opinion. Anyone can produce political content that can reach a global audience, and social media has become a vital tool for political leaders to convey messages to the electorate. The 2022 Italian election campaign has seen the term “nuclear” debated with two different declinations: on the one hand, regarding nuclear energy for civilian use, and on the other hand, regarding the fear of an escalation of the conflict in Ukraine and the use of atomic weapons. This research aims to analyze the social media debate by exploring multiplatform dynamics to qualitatively identify and analyze the connections between social media platforms that we have termed Bridges, a concept drawn from Transmedia Theory to describe the narrative relationship between platforms. The methodological approach will follow an explanatory sequential design that will rely on digital methods to identify connections between platforms (bridges) and then apply an exploratory qualitative approach to enrich the data and capture the nuances of the debate. As expected, we found polarized positions and fragmentation on both issues of civilian nuclear energy and the atomic conflict narrative. Primary evidence shows bridges spreading affective, defective, and infective content across platforms in a multifaceted social media ecosystem. Affective refers to rhetoric that appeals to people’s feelings. Defective means the discussion that brings attention to hyper-partisan news channels, fake news, and misinformation. Infective means bridges with below-the-radar platforms, niche channels, or pseudo-information channels. They use bridges with mainstream platforms to gain the potential to go viral. The paper highlights the importance of cross-platform and interdisciplinary approaches to addressing disinformation in a media ecosystem where social media plays an increasing role in a country’s democratic dynamics.
Achieving fidelity through self-translation: a case study of Friday sermons by Imam Mohammed Ewes
Authors: Rousan Rafat Mahmoud Al , Al-Harahsheh Ahmad Mohammad , Darawsheh Aya M.
Published: February 2024

This study investigates whether fidelity was achieved in the self-translation of Friday sermons by imam Mohammed Ewes. Ewes is an Egyptian Muslim imam who immigrated to the United Kingdom in 1996. When writing this paper, he had been preaching at Al-Birr Mosque in London for 25 years. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, he is one of the few Muslim imams in the Islamic world to have self-translated and compiled his religious sermons into a single book. This study adopts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach to analyze the data. We extracted the data from Ewes’s book Pulpit Sermons in Arabic and English, written in Arabic and self-translated into English by Ewes himself. Specifically, we selected eight sermons randomly from the book. We analyzed the data using Ajunwa’s (2015) approach to assessing fidelity in translation. The findings show that fidelity was not achieved in the self-translation because the self-translator did not produce a faithful and accurate translation. Therefore, the self-translation of Ewes’s Friday sermons cannot be regarded as a true translation but as a rewritten translation.
Investigating the spatial effect of operational performance in China’s regional tourism system
Authors: Chiu Sheng-Hsiung , Lin Tzu-Yu , Wang Wei-Ching
Published: February 2024

For the healthy development of regional tourism systems, performance evaluation is vital for regulators so that they can determine the source of inefficiency to enhance systems’ competitiveness through a series of systematic policy plans. Past research has recognized the importance of network collaboration in the tourism sector but has focused mainly on the separate stages of performance (e.g., hotels), with limited discussion on how sectoral interactions can be distilled into collaborative models. Consequently, this paper intends to construct a more comprehensive performance evaluation framework for the Chinese regional tourism system that not only focuses on network interactions and dynamic features among stages but also considers spatial dependency to enhance the accuracy of performance evaluation. Using the panel data of 30 provincial-administrative regions on China’s tourism industry from 2012 to 2016, the operating performance of each regional tourism system and its tourist stages are measured by the SBM-DNDEA model. Furthermore, the spatial effect of regional tourism system operational performance and its influencing factors are investigated via the Tobit spatial Durbin model. The results showed that the operational performance of the Chinese regional tourism system was still relatively low, with the attraction stage performing the best, and there were significant differences among the four economic zones. The strength of traffic convenience had a significant positive effect on the operational performance of the local tourism system, but fiscal expenditure on environmental management also had a negative spillover effect on the surrounding region. The urbanization level had not only a significant positive effect on local areas but also a positive spillover effect on adjacent areas. Interregional development may also affect the performance of attractions, highlighting the importance of systematic integration and allocation of resources for tourism development.
Modeling and dissociation of intrinsic and input-driven neural population dynamics underlying behavior
Authors: Vahidi Parsa , Sani Omid G. , Shanechi Maryam M.
Published: February 2024

Neural dynamics can reflect intrinsic dynamics or dynamic inputs, such as sensory inputs or inputs from other brain regions. To avoid misinterpreting temporally structured inputs as intrinsic dynamics, dynamical models of neural activity should account for measured inputs. However, incorporating measured inputs remains elusive in joint dynamical modeling of neural-behavioral data, which is important for studying neural computations of behavior. We first show how training dynamical models of neural activity while considering behavior but not input or input but not behavior may lead to misinterpretations. We then develop an analytical learning method for linear dynamical models that simultaneously accounts for neural activity, behavior, and measured inputs. The method provides the capability to prioritize the learning of intrinsic behaviorally relevant neural dynamics and dissociate them from both other intrinsic dynamics and measured input dynamics. In data from a simulated brain with fixed intrinsic dynamics that performs different tasks, the method correctly finds the same intrinsic dynamics regardless of the task while other methods can be influenced by the task. In neural datasets from three subjects performing two different motor tasks with task instruction sensory inputs, the method reveals low-dimensional intrinsic neural dynamics that are missed by other methods and are more predictive of behavior and/or neural activity. The method also uniquely finds that the intrinsic behaviorally relevant neural dynamics are largely similar across the different subjects and tasks, whereas the overall neural dynamics are not. These input-driven dynamical models of neural-behavioral data can uncover intrinsic dynamics that may otherwise be missed.
Targeting MYC induces lipid droplet accumulation by upregulation of HILPDA in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sainero-Alcolado Lourdes , Garde-Lapido Elisa , Snaebjörnsson Marteinn Thor , Schoch Sarah , Stevens Irene , Ruiz-Pérez María Victoria , Dyrager Christine , Pelechano Vicent , Axelson Håkan , Schulze Almut , Arsenian-Henriksson Marie
Published: February 2024

Metabolic reprogramming is critical during clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumorigenesis, manifested by accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs), organelles that have emerged as new hallmarks of cancer. Yet, regulation of their biogenesis is still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that MYC inhibition in ccRCC cells lacking the
von Hippel Lindau
(
VHL
) gene leads to increased triglyceride content potentiating LD formation in a glutamine-dependent manner. Importantly, the concurrent inhibition of MYC signaling and glutamine metabolism prevented LD accumulation and reduced tumor burden in vivo. Furthermore, we identified the hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet–associated protein (HILPDA) as the key driver for induction of MYC-driven LD accumulation and demonstrated that conversely, proliferation, LD formation, and tumor growth are impaired upon its downregulation. Finally, analysis of ccRCC tissue as well as healthy renal control samples postulated HILPDA as a specific ccRCC biomarker. Together, these results provide an attractive approach for development of alternative therapeutic interventions for the treatment of this type of renal cancer.
Isolation, characterization, and circulation sphere of a filovirus in fruit bats
Authors: He Biao , Hu Tingsong , Yan Xiaomin , Pa Yanhui , Liu Yuhang , Liu Yang , Li Nan , Yu Jing , Zhang Hailin , Liu Yonghua , Chai Jun , Sun Yue , Mi Shijiang , Liu Yan , Yi Le , Tu Zhongzhong , Wang Yiyin , Sun Sheng , Feng Ye , Zhang Wendong , Zhao Huanyun , Duan Bofang , Gong Wenjie , Zhang Fuqiang , Tu Changchun
Published: February 2024

Bats are associated with the circulation of most mammalian filoviruses (FiVs), with pathogenic ones frequently causing deadly hemorrhagic fevers in Africa. Divergent FiVs have been uncovered in Chinese bats, raising concerns about their threat to public health. Here, we describe a long-term surveillance to track bat FiVs at orchards, eventually resulting in the identification and isolation of a FiV, Dehong virus (DEHV), from
Rousettus leschenaultii
bats. DEHV has a typical filovirus-like morphology with a wide spectrum of cell tropism. Its entry into cells depends on the engagement of Niemann-Pick C1, and its replication is inhibited by remdesivir. DEHV has the largest genome size of filoviruses, with phylogenetic analysis placing it between the genera
Dianlovirus
and
Orthomarburgvirus
, suggesting its classification as the prototype of a new genus within the family
Filoviridae
. The continuous detection of viral RNA in the serological survey, together with the wide host distribution, has revealed that the region covering southern Yunnan, China, and bordering areas is a natural circulation sphere for bat FiVs. These emphasize the need for a better understanding of the pathogenicity and potential risk of FiVs in the region.
Toward a new approach for the pygmy dipole resonance in even–even nuclei. Application to isotopes 144,148,150,152,154Sm
Authors: Raduta A A , Raduta C M , Raduta Alexandru Horia
Published: February 2024

A many-body Hamiltonian consisting of a spherical shell model mean-field term, a pairing interaction for alike nucleons and a dipole–dipole interaction, with the dipole operator involving a cubic term in the radial coordinate, was studied within a quasiparticle random-phase approximation and applied numerically to five even–even isotopes of Sm. The resulting wavefunctions were further used to calculate the B(E1) values, which at their turn were employed to calculate the photoabsorption cross section, integrated moments of the cross section and energy weighted sum rule (EWSR). The calculated cross section and its integrated moments were compared with the available data, and a good agreement was observed. Two regions were distinguished: one corresponding to the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) (1–10 MeV) and the other to the giant dipole resonance (GDR) (10–20 MeV), which were studied separately. The peaks belonging to each of the two ranges were analyzed in detail. The PDR states were located around the neutron separation energy and were mainly formed by the collective isoscalar and neutron collective states. The PDR states describe oscillations of the neutron excess against protons from the isospin-saturated core. The character of the states from the GDR region, isoscalar or isovector, is also pointed out. The PDR states carry only 0.8%–2.7% of the total EWSR and 0.4%–5.9% of the total E1 strength. The dependence of the dipole strength on nuclear deformation is evidenced. A comment on the cross section splitting into two branches for deformed isotopes is included. The r-cubic term and nuclear deformation have opposite effects on the dipole strength. In addition, it diminishes the effect of nonconservation of the center of mass momentum. The famous Thomas–Reiche–Kuhn sum rule formula is generalized to the case of the Schiff dipole momentum. The new sum rule is well satisfied. The projected spherical single-particle basis used in our formalism allows for a unified description of spherical transitional and deformed isotopes.