bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MARCADORES DE VIOLENCIA CONTRA LAS PERSONAS MAYORES DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS ENFERMEROS
Authors: Santos-Rodrigues Renata Clemente dos , Marcolino Emanuella de Castro , Dantas Ana Márcia Nóbrega , Barbosa Lindemberg Arruda , Moraes Ronei Marcos de , Souto Rafaella Queiroga
Published: July 2024

RESUMEN Objective: identificar marcadores de violencia contra las personas mayores desde la perspectiva de los enfermeros. Método: estudio cualitativo realizado en el estado de Paraíba, Brasil, con nueve enfermeros, por medio de dos grupos focales, durante junio y septiembre de 2021. El material empírico fue transcrito de forma completa, transformado en corpus textual y sometido a análisis de similitud. Resultados: en el núcleo central del árbol máximo fue posible observar términos comunes a más de un tipo de violencia: “ciclo de violencia”, “confianza”, “dominar”, “sufrimiento psíquico”. Los términos relacionados con la violencia física fueron, “fracturas”, “romper” y “arrojar”; con la psicológica, “amenazar”, “miedo”, “vergüenza”, “lesión”, “secreción vaginal” y “vaginal”; con la financiera, “extracción”, “dependencia” y “agarrar”; con la negligencia, “falta”, “insumo” e “higiene”; con el abandono, “depresión”, “soledad” y “tristeza”. Conclusión: esta investigación enaltece la Enfermería como ciencia y profesión, especialmente en el área forense, al investigar la violencia contra las personas mayores. La percepción del enfermero hace que el proceso de enfermería sea más confiable y útil para identificar, informar y resolver casos.
IDEACIÓN SUICIDA Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD DURANTE LA PANDEMIA
Authors: Silva Bruno de Andrade , Menezes Andreia Freire de , Abud Ana Cristina Freire , Freitas Carla Kalline Alves Cartaxo , Gois Cristiane Franca Lisboa , Diniz Fernanda Santos , Almeida Junior Enoque Chaves de
Published: July 2024

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprobar la existencia de una asociación entre la ideación suicida, el apoyo social y los síntomas ansioso-depresivos entre los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud. Método: cuantitativo, estudio transversal. La recogida de datos tuvo lugar de noviembre de 2020 a julio de 2021, en Sergipe - Brasil, utilizando el Cuestionario Sociodemográfico, el Cuestionario de Ideación Suicida, la Escala de Satisfacción con el Apoyo Social y la Escala de Ansiedad, Depresión y Estrés. Se estimaron los coeficientes de regresión lineal simple y múltiple y las odds ratio. Resultados: de los 190 entrevistados, 57 (30%) estaban poco satisfechos con el apoyo social, 66 (34,8%) presentaban síntomas de depresión grave o muy grave, 32 (16,8%) tenían un riesgo potencial de suicidio, que puede aumentar en un 18% en las personas con depresión. Conclusión: El estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión son factores de riesgo de ideación suicida en los estudiantes de sanidad. El apoyo social se convierte en un aliado en el control emocional, en la reducción del sufrimiento psicológico y en la precipitación de los trastornos mentales en los estudiantes.
As vacinas no Fantástico e no Domingo Espetacular durante a pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Carneiro Michelle da Costa Pereira , Silva Marina Ramalho e , Massarani Luisa Medeiros
Published: July 2024

Resumo Desde 2016, o Brasil tem registrado queda nas taxas de cobertura das principais vacinas. São múltiplos os fatores que podem ter influência sobre esse cenário, incluindo o acesso aos imunizantes e a hesitação das pessoas em se vacinar. Durante a pandemia de covid-19, a circulação de informações sobre o tema aumentou de forma considerável. Nesse contexto, realizamos um estudo de matérias sobre vacinas exibidas no Fantástico, da TV Globo, e no Domingo Espetacular, da Record TV, entre março de 2020 e agosto de 2021, a fim de investigar como os programas - ambos dominicais e de infotainment, porém com linhas editoriais e públicos-alvo distintos - apresentaram e deram visibilidade à temática. O corpus de análise reuniu 110 matérias, totalizando 10 horas e 43 minutos, que foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. De modo geral, as revistas eletrônicas televisivas estimularam a população a confiar nas vacinas, mas exageros e imprecisões foram vistos no programa da Record TV.
Absence of Leishmania spp. DNA in road-killed wild mammals in Southern Brazil
Authors: Lignon Julia Somavilla , Pinto Diego Moscarelli , Teles Mariana Accorsi , Trindade Maira Aparecida Christello , Portela Priscila Rockenbach , Monteiro Silvia Gonzalez , Martins Kauê Rodriguez , Cunha Rodrigo Casquero , Pappen Felipe Geraldo , Bohm Bianca Conrad , Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti
Published: July 2024

Abstract Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases transmitted by vectors that affect domestic and wild animals, including humans. Due to its incidence and lethality, this zoonosis is a worrying public health problem, making it essential to identify all links in the transmission chain. Infection of wild mammals by Leishmania spp. remains poorly understood, especially in southern Brazil. Therefore, the objective was to research, using the PCR technique, the presence of Leishmania spp. DNA in road-killed wild mammals in Southern Brazil. Carcasses of 96 animals were collected from highways in the Pelotas microregion, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil and subjected to necropsies. Tissue fragments (spleen, skin, liver, kidney, heart, lung, lymph nodes, bone marrow and blood) were collected and genomic DNA was extracted. PCR protocols targeting the ITS1, kDNA and 18S genes were tested. We found no evidence of Leishmania spp. circulation in the studied population. However, epidemiological studies like this one are of great relevance, as they allow monitoring of the occurrence of pathogens and help identify possible risk areas. As these animals act as epidemiological markers for the presence of the microorganism, studies must be carried out continuously to understand whether there are sources of infection in the region.
Autoconciencia de la palabra escrita: mapa preliminar
Authors: Gonzalez Mina Julian Alberto
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo explora el concepto de autoconciencia de la palabra escrita a la manera de notas de ideas. Mapea el concepto, de manera muy sintética, y ofrece evidencia del modo como esta autoconciencia ha ido configurándose en los entornos digitales contemporáneos, aunque su origen no se enteramente tecnológico. Examinando cómo se ha ido manifestando la capacidad de reconocer y explotar las diversas dimensiones, posibilidades y funciones de la palabra escrita más allá de las formas instituidas por la cultura escrita analógica. A través de ejemplos de la literatura, el periodismo y el diseño gráfico, se analiza la multifacética naturaleza de la palabra escrita como imagen, sonido, sentido y forma. Además, se destaca su función como data en contextos que requieren minimizar la ambigüedad.
El estudio también aborda cómo los entornos digitales han potenciado estas capacidades, diversificando y amplificando las funciones de la palabra escrita bajo nuevas configuraciones como los emoticones, comandos de voz, y programación, así como en herramientas de manipulación gráfica y autopublicación. La investigación concluye que esta autoconciencia de la palabra escrita refleja un desarrollo continuo en la capacidad humana para manipular y explorar el lenguaje, prolongando conquistas históricas en la escritura y la comunicación. En este proceso, la Inteligência Artificial Generativa constituye la última frontera.
Influence of polycarboxylate superplasticiser and polyacrylamide on the mirror effect of fair-faced concrete
Authors: Zheng Hongxiang , Jin Weizhun , Wang Liang , Na Binbin , Lin Zhengxiang , Zhang Jinghui , Huang Qinghua , Jiang Linhua
Published: July 2024

Fair-faced concrete (FFC) with a mirror effect was successfully prepared. The grey value standard deviation, porosity, crack rate and glossiness of the concrete surface were used to characterise the apparent quality of the FFC. The effect of polycarboxylate superplasticiser (PSP) and polyacrylamide (PAM) viscosity-modifying admixture on the mirror effect of the FFC was investigated. Changes in the hydration products and microstructure of the FFC were monitored by means of X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosity, and the potential mechanism was analysed. The results indicate that PAM reduced the number and size of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) crystals and changed the morphology of these crystals from a large-size parallel stacking state to a small-size edge eroded structure. PAM also refined the pore size of the concrete; the most probable pore size at the optimum dosage level was 13.73 nm, which was much lower than that at other PAM dosage levels. The use of PSP introduced air, which had an adverse effect on the concrete surface. However, PSP can also improve the flowability of concrete and make it easier for bubbles to discharge. The combined action of PSP and PAM provided a better mirror effect for the FFC.
Gender selection dilemma in FMCG advertising: Insights from eye-tracking research
Authors: Sinha Minanshu , Misra Madhvendra , Mishra Saurabh
Published: July 2024

Selecting the gender of a celebrity for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) advertising presents a strategic challenge. Previous research has predominantly concentrated on comparing celebrity spokespersons with non-celebrities, frequently neglecting the intricate distinctions in the effectiveness of male versus female endorsers. This study addresses this research gap by employing both traditional and neuromarketing methodologies. By integrating eye-tracking technology via RealEye and questionnaire-based surveys, the results indicate that female celebrities are more effective in capturing visual attention, whereas male celebrities are more effective in enhancing perceived trustworthiness. These findings are pivotal for both academic research and commercial strategy, as they elucidate the optimal selection of celebrity gender for maximizing FMCG advertising efficacy.
The discursive function of additives in interaction
Authors: Lorson Alexandra , Rohde Hannah , Cummins Chris
Published: July 2024

The insertion of additives such as too has been argued to be obligatory (in affirmative sentences) if the immediate context contains a suitable antecedent such that the presupposition triggered by additives is satisfied. However, the obligatoriness of additives has been found to be gradient and their insertion to depend on contextual factors. While most research has focused on comprehension, the present study examines the production of additives and the extent to which they are obligatory by manipulating the factors Similarity and Turn Distance. We furthermore explored whether not using additives even in obligatory environments could be an instance of diverging (i.e. socially distancing) from the antecedent speaker. For this purpose we investigated whether speakers would omit additives when interacting with an impolite antecedent speaker. Overall, the results of our two experiments suggest that (i) in line with previous results on similarity, speakers tend to utter additives more frequently when their utterance’s content more closely matches the content of a previously formulated utterance; and (ii) speakers use additives more frequently when the matching utterance directly precedes their utterance. Furthermore, the results of experiment II suggest that (iii) speakers deliberately drop the use of additives when doing so would allow them to signal divergence from an impolite speaker. Our findings lend support to models in which speakers use additives as a discourse managing tool to organise the discourse and maintain discourse coherence.
Anti-Socialist, Anti-Feminist, Public Intellectual: The Social Philosophy of Correa Moylan Walsh
Authors: McCann, Jr Charles Robert
Published: July 2024

Renowned in his time as a polymath and public intellectual, Correa Moylan Walsh (1862-1936) made important contributions to economics and political science as well as other disciplines. In economics, his work on index numbers became the subject of commentaries by such notables as Irving Fisher and Francis Edgeworth, while in political science and history, his treatise of the life and philosophy of John Adams is even today regarded as the classic reference on the subject. Yet one facet of his thought has received scant attention, this being his three-volume explication of his political, economic, and social philosophy, The Climax of Civilisation, Socialism, and Feminism. In these volumes he expressed views in some ways counter to the prevailing Progressivism of the time and so put him at odds with many of the country’s mainstream intellectuals. This essay will explore Walsh’s perspectives on many of the pressing issues of the time, identifying commonalities with his work and aspects of Progressive-era social thought.
A Scoping Review of Learners' Perceptions on What Influences Teachers' Approaches to Teaching Comprehensive Sexuality Education in South African Schools
Authors: Pillay Jace
Published: July 2024

Recent arguments regarding the South African comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) curriculum indicate that the existing programme neglects to incorporate factors that influence the behaviour of school learners in South Africa such as learners' and teachers' perceptions of cultural, social, and gender norms. Based on a literature search, it is evident that there is a paucity of research that reflects the voices of learners regarding their experience of how the CSE subject is taught as compared to what they want to learn. Therefore, this article aimed to conduct a scoping review to map learners' perceptions of what influences their teachers' approach to teaching CSE subject matter in South Africa. The Cochrane, EBSCOhost, Scopus, ProQuest, JSTOR, and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies (a) published from January 2010 till May 2021, (b) with an explicit focus on learner feedback on their perceptions of influences to teachers teaching CSE, (c) that were qualitative studies, and (d) were published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Four studies were identified that reported on data collected from learners aged 14-18 years using in-depth interviews (N = 1), focus group discussions (N = 2), and an ethnographic study (N = 1). A qualitative analysis of the findings identified three major themes: (1) an inherent bias towards heterosexuality as normal and natural, (2) the belief that learners need to be taught to uphold culturally dictated normative gender roles, and (3) an avoidance of subject matter relating to the LGBTQI+ community, influenced by beliefs that limited interactions would lead to limited gender and sexual fluidity. Findings conclude that transformative communication needs to take place to update the curriculum to create a space for all learners to learn about healthy life choices.
Treatment of Gender-Nonconforming Learners in Namibian Schools
Authors: Haitembu Rauna Keshemunhu , Maarman Rouaan
Published: July 2024

This paper aimed at establishing the treatment of gender-nonconforming learners in Namibian schools. The provision of education in Namibia is based on the principles of non-discrimination and equal access to quality education for all as stipulated in the Namibian constitution. Even though there is growing evidence on the mistreatment of gender-nonconforming learners in schools world wide, there is a paucity of literature on the treatment of gender-nonconforming learners in the Namibian education context. This paper employed a case study design as a transformative research method informed by the social identity perspective. One hundred and eighty-two teachers were randomly sampled into the study, and one deputy Director of Special Programs and Schools, one deputy Director of Diagnostic, Assessment and Training Services, one regional school counsellor and one inclusive education officer at the National Institute for Educational Development were purposively sampled. The findings revealed that societal, religious, and cultural beliefs in schools were determinants of how gender-nonconforming learners were treated in some schools. A supplementary framework for the implementation of inclusive education policy (SFIIEP) was developed from the findings of this study. It is recommended that the Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture align the SFIIEP to the inclusive education policy implementation to enable open discussion of sex education topics during life skills lessons, creation of supportive learning environments, and establishment of anti-bullying policies with specific measures on curbing homophobic bullying as well as strengthening the psychological support to learners.
"Stop Bombarding Us With Work We Don't Even Need": Reconceptualising a First-Year Course for Increased Relevance Through Action Learning
Authors: Fouche Ilse
Published: July 2024

South African lecturers and students often struggle to reconcile the demands of an increasingly globalised world with pedagogies that can be adapted to harness students' local contexts, and which can be used to draw on students' lived experiences in the African context. This paper explores how a first-year academic literacies course could be reconceptualised to become more relevant to education students' lived realities, while also preparing them for a competitive degree and a career with global relevance. The current iteration of this course can be described as mainly theoretical with a typical Western course structure. Student feedback indicates that students fail to see the relevance of the course to their degrees and future careers. This conceptual paper considers how the course could be reimagined within a paradigm of action learning that is centred around project-based, socially embedded community-based learning to firstly, encourage students to draw on deep approaches to learning (Biggs, 1999) and secondly, to counter the effects of alienation (Mann, 2001) experienced by students. Ultimately, the paper hopes to offer an example of innovate course design that could successfully be implemented in resource-poor contexts.
Reflecting on Sexuality Education in Teacher Education: Using a Life History Methodology of a Same-Sex Desiring Male Foundation Phase Teacher
Authors: Kagola Obakeng , Notshulwana Robin
Published: July 2024

Foundation Phase (FP) classrooms are not immune to incidents directly related to sexuality. Sexuality education, which is part of the FP life skills curriculum, is an essential part of the holistic development of FP learners. Studies about FP sexuality education report that FP teachers' formal approach to sexuality education is often restrictive. In this article, we use life history methodology to explore a single case study of a same-sex desiring male FP teacher in the Eastern Cape, South Africa to make meaning of how incidental moments that relate to sexuality education are addressed. Applying a feminist post-structural lens, we discuss how the participant and the participant's colleagues implicitly perpetuate heteronormative discourses in their pedagogical approaches to the teaching of sexuality education. The topic of sexuality features in one South African university's FP teacher education curriculum with the intention of raising pre-service teacher awareness about FP sexuality education. This research allowed us to reflect on the redesign of this fourth-year FP life skills module and to reimage the learning experiences offered to FP pre-service teachers.
The effect of mixed honeybee drone semen on sperm quality characteristics: A preliminary study
Authors: Kotze Retha , van der Horst Gerhard , Murray Janice F , Duminy Anja , Allsopp Mike
Published: July 2024

Following copulation, sperm of multiple honeybee (Apis mellifera (A.m.) Linnaeus (Apidae)) drones are mixed inside the spermatheca of a queen, and sperm behaviour in this environment is of importance for sperm survival and successful fertilization. The polyandrous mating system of honeybees further may allow for cryptic female choice and sperm competition to select for specific sperm traits to enable successful reproduction. This preliminary study therefore examined multiple sperm quality parameters in mixed drone semen. Thirty-one drone ejaculates were collected and split to be mixed with one and two other drones’ semen. A computerised sperm analysis system was used for analysing sperm functionality parameters, at baseline and 60 minutes. Morphology measurements included head, tail, and total sperm length. Sperm concentration was significantly higher in three-drone samples compared to other groups (p < 0.001), while comparisons of sperm functional and morphometric parameters did not reveal differences. However, after 60 minutes, mixed semen samples displayed changes in terms of sperm functionality. The motility percentage significantly decreased in two-drone samples (p = 0.004). In contrast, three-drone samples had consistently lower motility and kinematic parameters at baseline, but following an hour it was the only group to show improvement in sperm progressive motility, swimming speed and kinematics. Sperm concentration correlated with the majority of functionality parameters, while, morphological measurements did not. Sperm functionality changes observed in this study, can be attributed to a combination of factors, including, mixing of drone semen, sperm concentration, and time allowing for potential sperm interaction.
Organista, letrado, alguacil y regidor perpetuo. Estudio del memorial de Luis Díaz Álvarez al cabildo de Santiago de Cali, 1751-1752
Authors: Abadía Quintero Carolina , Casas Figueroa María Victoria
Published: July 2024

El presente texto presenta un análisis de la reclamación para ser reconocido como alguacil y regidor perpetuo, presentada por el organista Luis Díaz de Álvarez al cabildo de Santiago de Cali 1751-1752. Caso encontrado mediante consulta de archivos en Cali, durante los siglos XVII y XVIII. Se trata de una investigación de enfoque cualitativo, que usa el análisis documental a partir del estudio de fuentes presentes en el AHC, el AGN, el ACC y otros documentos. La fundamentación teórica, centra su atención en vertientes de la musicología urbana, historia cultural y musicología histórica. El artículo se estructura así: introducción y antecedentes al proyecto; Santiago de Cali, en el periodo que ocurre la reclamación; El oficio de músico del siglo XVIII en una ciudad colonial; El memorial de Díaz Álvarez y algunas consideraciones.
Çoklu tehlike türlerine bağlı kentsel ölçek bütüncül fiziksel risk değerlendirme modeli
Authors: Özyetgin Altun Ayşe , Faruk Altun
Published: July 2024

Kentsel yerleşme bütününde çoklu tehdit türlerine bağlı olarak değişkenlik gösterebilecek zarar görme durumlarını tanımlayan bütüncül risk değerlendirme modeli ile kent bütününde öncelikli iyileştirilmesi gereken konuları ve bu konuların mekânsal dağılımını tanımlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Makalede modelin fiziksel risk değerlendirme aşaması anlatılmaktadır. Modelde deprem, sel/taşkın/su baskını, heyelan, gibi yersel etkili doğal olaylar ile iklimsel özelliklerin bir arada değerlendirilmesi ön plana çıkmaktadır. Modelde tanımlanan kriterler ve ağırlıkları literatür taraması sonucu ikili karşılaştırma yöntemi ile tespit edilmiş olup, maruz kalma, zarar görebilirlik ve risk haritaları ağırlıklı toplam modeli ile coğrafi bilgi sistemleri aracılığı ile üretilmektedir.
Örnek alan Kırklareli Merkez ilçesidir. Risk büyüklüğü 1 en az 5 en çok olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Kırklareli Merkez ilçesi fiziksel risk dağılımı haritaları her bir tehdit türüne göre ayrı ayrı üretilmiş ve ağırlıklı toplama göre bir araya getirilerek çoklu tehdide bağlı risk tanımı yapılmıştır. Buna göre Merkez ilçe yerleşmesinin yaklaşık %80’i orta riskli ve %2.85’i dördüncü seviye olan riskli alan olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Defensa de la actitud contrahegemónica presente en El otoño del patriarca: una réplica a Krauze
Authors: López Rodríguez Santiago ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: July 2024

Recursos retóricos, motivos literarios y la reconfiguración literaria del pasado con fines críticos son los elementos que permiten comprobar la presencia de un discurso contrahegemónico en El otoño del patriarca. Esta visión es confrontada con las posturas de Enrique Krauze, con el fin de aportar a la clausura de una discusión literaria suscitada por el carácter laberíntico de la obra y por las actuaciones de carácter político de su autor. Las reflexiones de Hayden White servirán para evidenciar la desestabilización de la naturaleza del relato histórico en la obra.
Reseña del libro Las Travesías de Gilmer Mesa
Authors: Pareja Díaz Jose Pablo ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro Las Travesías de Gilmer Mesa
Editorial número 55
Authors: Marín Colorado Paula Andrea ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: July 2024

Editorial número 55
Factores asociados al logro de metas en pacientes con dislipidemia en atención primaria
Authors: Pinto-González Gustavo ,   Universidad CES, Uribe-Velez Natalia Andrea , Quirós-Gómez Oscar Iván ,   Universidad de Antioquia,   Universidad CES
Published: July 2024

Introducción: la dislipidemia favorece la enfermedad aterosclerótica. Una estrategia para reducir este riesgo es lograr metas de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), sin embargo, estas con frecuencia no son alcanzadas. Objetivos: analizar qué variables están asociadas con alcanzar las metas propuestas en atención primaria. Métodos: estudio transversal con enfoque analítico. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, categorías de riesgo cardiovascular y estatinas. Se realizó regresión binomial para obtener razones de prevalencia (RP) crudas, y se utilizó un modelo multivariado para determinar variables asociadas al logro de metas de LDL representado en razones de prevalencia ajustadas (RPa). Resultados: se incluyeron 147 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 63 años. El 62,6% era mujer. El 88,4% de los pacientes era hipertenso. El 43,5% tenía riesgo cardiovascular muy alto, y solo el 34,7% de los pacientes cumplía metas de LDL. Los factores asociados con el logro de metas en el análisis bivariado fueron: sexo, diabetes, hipertensión, riesgo cardiovascular, e intensidad y tipo de estatina. En el modelo multivariado fueron significativos el ser hombre (RPa 1,69), la edad (RPa 1,03) y la hipertensión (RPa 6,59); también lo fue el grado de riesgo clasificado por guía, así: alto riesgo (RPa 0,44), muy alto (RPa 0,07) y extremo (RPa 0,01). Conclusiones: el logro de metas de LDL en el primer nivel de atención es bajo. Los principales factores asociados a lograr metas de LDL son la edad, el sexo y la hipertensión; mientras que el riesgo cardiovascular alto es un factor que dificulta conseguir metas.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of non-pathogenic Escherichia coli in pig farms in Colombia
Authors: Pabón-Rodríguez Omar V ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Buitrago-Angel Daniela , Quintana-Moreno Jesús D , Casas-Bedoya Gloria A , Serna-Cock Liliana , Torres-León Cristian ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia,   Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila
Published: July 2024

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global public health problem. So far, there are limited studies focused on Escherichia coli isolated from pig herds in Colombia. Objective: The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance to antibiotics of non-pathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from pig farms. Methods: The hemolytic capacity and the presence of thermolabile (LT) and thermostable toxins (STa and STb) were evaluated. Finally, the resistance capacity of the strains to 11 commonly used antibiotics was evaluated in γ - hemolytic strains. Results: A total of 6 E. coli were isolated. The strains presented a high resistance capacity to antibiotics. The highest prevalence of resistance was against Amikacin (20%), Ceftiofur (20%), Fosfomycin (20%), Ciprofloxacin (40%), Gentamicin (40%), Florfenicol (80%), Enrofloxacin Baytril (80%), Norfloxacin (80%), Apramycin (100%), Ampicillin (100%) and Doxycycline (100%). Conclusions: Therefore, commensal strains of E. coli from piglets represent a high epidemiological risk to conserving and disseminating resistance genes in the pig production chain. In addition, these strains have a potential risk of presence in the food chain.
The Effect Of Different Caries Removal Methods On The Surface Hardness and Micro-tensile Bond Strength
Authors: Özakar Nurcan , Nacak Doğuş Selin
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of five different caries removal methods on caries removal effectiveness according to microhardness and micro tensile bond strength values.
Materials: In this study, for the microhardness test, micro-tensile bond strength test (n = 10) SEM analysis (n = 2), and a total of 72 human molar teeth were used. Caries lesions were removed with conventional (steel bur, ceramic bur, polymer bur) methods, chemomechanical method (Brix-3000), and fluorescence-aided caries excavation method (Siroinspect). Then, teeth were sectioned longitudinally through the cavity center and were subjected to the microhardness test, micro tensile test, and SEM atomic analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan post-hoc tests.
Results: A statistically significant difference was found between all caries removal methods and measurement levels at certain distances from the cavity floor (0, 25, 50, 75 μm) (p
Veri Madenciliği ile Hava Kalitesi Tahmini: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: Atahanlı Eyup Burak , Mutlu Nesibe Manav
Published: July 2024

Sanayi devrimi ile başlayan ve günümüzde tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşan hava kirliliği sorununun boyutunu ortaya çıkarmak, olası nedenleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek ve çözüm önerileri sunmak amacıyla İstanbul’un farklı ilçelerinden alınan çeşitli hava kirliliği verileri kullanılarak istatistiksel testler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca önümüzdeki yıllarda oluşabilecek hava kirliliğin büyüklüğünü tahmin etmek için makine öğrenmesi teknikleri de kullanılmıştır. Alınan verilere dayanarak 2023-2025 yılları için ilçeler bazında Prophet modeli kullanarak tahminler yapılmıştır. Bu tahminlere dayanarak önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Development of Eye-Tracking Based Techniques for Diagnosing Children's Cognitive Functions
Authors: Rebreikina A.B. , Liaukovich K. M.
Published: July 2024

The development of eye-movement-based diagnostic techniques is especially relevant for assessing cognitive function in children who are unable to provide a verbal or motor response due to their age or developmental disabilities. For these children, the use of objective methods for assessing cognitive function based on eye-tracking can be a useful diagnostic tool to complement traditional behavioural questionnaires and scales. In addition, such diagnostic techniques can be used to quickly screen for problems in the development of cognitive functions. In this article, we review researches on the development of such techniques. Studies show that eye-tracking-based techniques can assess attention, receptive speech, especially in young children, and provide screening assessments of intelligence in children with developmental delays. The data obtained using eye-tracking techniques generally significantly correlate with those obtained using traditional behavioural techniques, indicating that further development of such techniques is promising. The application of machine learning methods may help to create simpler and more effective screening techniques for assessing cognitive processes based on the analysis of eye movement data.
Differences in EEG Spectral Power and Behavioral Profiles between Children with Non-syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome with Comorbid Autistic Features
Authors: Luschekina E.A. , Martynova O.V. , Strelets V.B.
Published: July 2024

The diverse nature of the autistic spectrum disorders group (ASD) may be associated with EEG patterns, which may be specific for different profiles of ASD. Approximately 15% of children with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit autistic features, and the cognitive impairment associated with this syndrome remains unclear. We aimed to explore the potential similarities in behavioral disorders and their EEG correlates between non-syndromic ASD and DS children with comorbid autistic features. Three groups of right-handed boys participated in the experiments: typically developed boys (“control”) — N = 36; mean age = 7.11, SD = 0.86; DS group age N = 15, mean age 7.2 (SD = 0.94), and ASD group; N — 36; mean age — 7.11, SD — 0.86; DS group age N — 15, mean age 7.2 (SD — 0.94), and ASD group; N — 39; mean age — 6.24 (SD — 0.91). Increased theta rhythm spectral power in EEG was found in the frontal and temporal areas, while the alpha rhythm in the occipital area exhibited a reduction in children with DS and ASD as compared with control. The alterations in bioelectric activity, such as increased spectral power f theta in the frontal area and a reduction of EEG spectral power in the occipital alpha band, were partially similar in children with DS and with ASD, albeit less pronounced in DS. A distinctive EEG characteristic of DS was the heightened spectral power of beta rhythm compared to the control group. The Psychoeducational Profile testing in DS revealed inferior results in verbal development (p < 0.05) and cognitive representations (p < 0.05) compared to both the control and ASD groups. However, no differences were found in the total cognitive development scale between DS and ASD. At the behavioral level, impaired verbal and non-verbal intelligence was more prominent in DS than in ASD.
The International Perspectives on Internalizing Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Karpova N.V.
Published: July 2024

This paper reviews the experiences of researchers from Western and Eastern countries, including the USA, Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom, China, and others, in studying internalized disorders in children and adolescents. The diversity of countries with different public health systems in the review broadened the perspective on a diagnostic paradigm based on the transdiagnostic model of mental disorder classification. The paper examines various approaches to conceptualizing internalizing disorders in overseas research. It introduces the concept of "internalized disorders" and contrasts it with "externalized disorders", with a focus on the symptoms, diagnosis, and interventions for internalized disorders in childhood and adolescence. It also presents data on the epidemiology and aetiology of internalized disorders, analyzing their prevalence in populations, which vary by age, gender, and region of residence. The paper also includes a discussion on the comorbidity of internalized disorders in children and adolescents. This scope of information provides a comprehensive understanding of the essence of "internalized disorders" and their key characteristics, creating a foundation for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in national psychological practice.
Theatrical Activities as a Tool for Working with the Risks of Adolescence: International and National Experience
Authors: Poskakalova T.A.
Published: July 2024

The article presents an overview of theatrical practices aimed at identifying, preventing and correcting adolescents’ behavior that demonstrates the tendency to take risks via development of emotional intelligence, meta-subject competencies, a sense of responsibility and awareness. It analyses the similarities and dissimilarities in the use of theatrical practices abroad and in Russia while working with troubled teenagers. The use of theatrical practices in relation to the age-related needs of adolescence is substantiated. The article describes the most widely spread theatrical practices like forum theater, playback theater, popular theater, play theater. It also outlines the differences between theatrical practices focused on the process of creating a performance and practices aimed at creating a final product — a performance. An analysis of empirical research is provided in the context of comparing the types of theater practices in the line with the results achieved while working with adolescents who are prone to risk or belong to a risk group. Basing on the example of “Multimedia Theatre”, the article establishes the relevance of the development and use of theater pedagogy tools for solving pressing problems of contemporary adolescents (including the method of experimenting with roles).
When Task Seems Easier: The Influence of Illusory Target Size on Hitting Accuracy
Authors: Kulieva A.K.
Published: July 2024

The article investigates the influence of subjective beliefs about one's efficiency on the results of sensorimotor activity through experimental studies using size illusions. Sensorimotor learning is a process of increasing the efficiency of activity as it is practised. It involves a two-way relationship between performance expectations and performance outcomes. Performance expectations are subjective beliefs about the likely success of a particular task. Visual illusions are often used to investigate this relationship. Illusorily larger targets are perceived as easier compared to illusorily smaller ones; as a consequence, subjects are more efficient at hitting targets that appear easier to them. However, results that do not fit the model are still observed. The paper proposes an explanation for the inconsistent results by a possible "failure" in a three-level mechanism involving replication of the size illusion, perception of targets as different in difficulty, and changing performance prediction according to difficulty. The paper analyses the design and results of 18 experimental studies conducted from 2012 to 2023 and suggests possible modifications of the experimental paradigms at each of the three levels of the mechanism of the effect of performance prediction on sensorimotor activity.
Generation of Solitary Waves with Analytical Solution for The (3+1)-dimensional pKP-BKP Equation and Reductions
Authors: Kaya Sağlam Fatma Nur
Published: July 2024

In this study, new solitary wave solutions are obtained for the combination of the B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (BKP) equation and the potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (pKP) equation, called the integrable (3+1)-dimensional coupled pKP-BKP equation, and its two reduced forms. For this purpose, the Bernoulli auxiliary equation method, which is an ansatz-based method, is used. As a result, kink, lump, bright soliton and breather wave solutions are observed. It is concluded that this method and the results obtained for the considered pKP -BKP equations are an important step for further studies in this field.
Orta Asya Liderleri İstişare Buluşmaları
Authors: Uğur Mehmet Ali , Esanov Alisher
Published: July 2024

Orta Asya ülkeleri bağımsızlıklarını kazandıktan sonra ilk defa bir araya gelerek bölgenin geleceğine yönelik beraber adım atmak için Orta Asya Liderleri İstişare Buluşmaları serisini başlatmışlardır. 2018'den beri düzenli olarak gerçekleştirilmekte olan bu buluşmalar serisi bugüne kadar her ülkede bir kere düzenlenmesi kaydıyla bir döngüyü tamamlamış bulunmaktadır. Buluşmalarda bölge liderleri genel olarak politik, ekonomik ve sosyokültürel alanlara ilişkin meseleleri ele alırken konuya ilişkin bölgesel sorunların üstesinden gelmeye çalışmaktadırlar. Bir bölgesel entegrasyon girişimi olarak görülebilecek olan bu buluşmalardan beklenen esas amaç ise bölgesel istikrar ve huzurun korunması, bölgesel kalkınma ve refahının sağlanması ve bölgede tek kültür ve kimliğin oluşturulmasına yönelik bölge devletleri olarak birlikte hareket etmektir. Bu bağlamda, bugüne kadar düzenlenen tüm İstişare Buluşmalarının bir arada değerlendirilmesi ileride ortaya çıkması muhtemel olan Orta Asya Birliği’ne dair genel bir düşünce sunması bakımından önem arz etmektedir.
Seismic Node Arrays for Enhanced Understanding and Monitoring of Geothermal Systems
Authors: Hudson Thomas Samuel , Kettlety Tom , Kendall John-Michael , O’Toole Tom , Jupe Andrew , Shail Robin K. , Grand Augusta
Published: July 2024

Harnessing geothermal energy will likely play a critical role in reducing global CO2 emissions. However, exploration, development, and monitoring of geothermal systems remain challenging. Here, we explore how recent low-cost seismic node instrumentation advances might enhance geothermal exploration and monitoring. We show the results from 450 nodes deployed at a geothermal prospect in Cornwall, United Kingdom. First, we demonstrate how the nodes can be used to monitor the spatiotemporal and size distribution of induced seismicity. Second, we use focal mechanisms, shear-wave source polarities, and anisotropy to indicate how the dense passive seismic observations might provide enhanced insight into the stress state of the geothermal systems. All the methods are fully automated, essential for processing the data from many receivers. In our example case study, we find that the injection-site fracture orientations significantly differ from that of the crust above and the regional stress state. These observations agree well with fracture orientations inferred from independent well-log data, exemplifying how the nodes can provide new insight for understanding the geothermal systems. Finally, we discuss the limitations of nodes and the role they might play in hybrid seismic monitoring going forward. Overall, our results emphasize the important role that low-cost, easy-to-deploy dense nodal arrays can play in geothermal exploration and operation.
Impact of demographic and clinical-pathomorphological factors on the number of removed lymph nodes in complicated colon cancer
Authors: Shchaeva S. N. , Kryukov N. S.
Published: July 2024

Aim: analysis of the influence of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on the lymph nodes yield in complicated colon cancer.

   Materials and methods: The cohort retrospective study included data on 227 patients with complicated colon cancer, including: group 1 — n = 76 cancer of the right colon cohort; group 2 — n = 151 cancer of the left colon cohort. Inclusion criteria: patients aged 18 years and older with colon adenocarcinoma of varying degrees of differentiation complicated by obstructive obstruction or perforation. These patients underwent operations within 24 hours from the moment of admission for the period: September 2016 to December 2022 in the hospitals of the Smolensk. Not included in the study: patients with emergency interventions for obstructive obstruction and perforation complicating the course of rectal cancer, non-epithelial malignant tumors, colon carcinoid, appendix adenocarcinoma; patients with stage IV disease.

   Results: The median age at the time of complication was 72 years for right colon cancer and 74 for left colon cancer. Most patients had local tumor status pT3, pT4a and pN+(1b–2b) status in regional lymph nodes. The average tumor size in complicated cancer of the right colon cohort was 55.4 ± 23.5 mm, the left colon cohort — 49.3 ± 18.0 mm. The median number of lymph nodes examined was 11 (5–15) for right colon cancer and 7 (3–15) for left colon cancer. Statistically significant factors that had a substantial impact on the number of removed lymph nodes were: age at the time of diagnosis — up to 70 years, local tumor status pT3 and pT4a, tumor localization in the right half of the colon, the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes, low differentiation of adenocarcinoma.

   Conclusion: The results obtained confirm that the lymph nodes yield is affected by demographic factors (age) and clinical and pathomorphological factors, such as tumor localization, local status and size of the tumor, and the degree of differentiation of adenocarcinoma.
Interim results of neoadjuvant immunotherapy with prolgolimab in patients with locally advanced MSI / dMMR colorectal cancer
Authors: Zagidullina A. A. , Kuznetsova O. A. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Aliev V. A. , Polynovskiy A. V. , Malikhova O. A. , Karasev I. A. , Stroganova A. M. , Tryakin A. A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading malignancies in Russia [1]. The standard approach for selected patients (pts) with locally advanced colon cancer is surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy. Several studies have shown that colorectal cancer (CRC) with presence of a disorder in the mismatch repair (dMMR) / microsatellite instability (MSI) is characterized with high sensitivity to the immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several studies have shown that MSI / dMMR CRC patients tend to be more responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab or ipilimumab. However, there was no information about the efficacy of prolgolimab, a PD-1 receptor blocking antibody. Prolgolimab was highly effective in melanoma treatment, while the toxicity was comparable to pembrolizumab and nivolumab.

   Methods: We initiated the phase II non-randomized open-label clinical trial. Inclusion criteria were: histologically verified, MSI / dMMR, clinical stage II–III CRC. According to study protocol, prolgolimab (1 mg / kg) is administered every two weeks, then surgery should be done after 6 months of immunotherapy (12 cycles). In case of surgical treatment refusal, the systemic treatment proceeds for 1 year. The co-primary endpoint was the complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints included tumor regression grade by Mandard (TRG), major pathologic response (MPR), overall response rate (ORR) disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Here is a presentation of safety and pathologic response data — rates of pCR / MPR, objective response rate.

   Results: A total of 26 patients began treatment with prolgolimab from April, 2022 to February, 2024. Immune-related adverse effects of grade III–IV, were recorded in 1 (3,8 %) patient (autoimmune hepatitis grade IV); 4 (15,4 %) patients had adverse effects grade I–II: autoimmune thyroiditis, diarrhea, hypothyroidism. Two patients were refused to make a surgical treatment because of clinical CR and possible volume of surgery. Nine (34,6 %) patients underwent surgical treatment within 3 months after the immunotherapy completion: 7 patients had TRG 1 and pCR, 2 — TRG 2 and MPR after the treatment. ORR was 100 %, complete clinical response rate 40 %. The study is still ongoing, DFS and OS will be announced in further publications. Median follow-up time was 5 months.

   Conclusion: The first interim analysis data suggest a strong potential for neoadjuvant immunotherapy to become standard of care and allow further exploration of organ-sparing approaches in MMR / MSI CRC patients.
Modelado y control óptimo de la estabilidad de un robot móvil de dos ruedas utilizando técnicas PID y LQR
Authors: Acosta Rafael , Díaz Téllez Juan , Muñoz Hernández Germán Ardul , Guerrero Castellanos José Fermi
Published: July 2024

This article aims to compare the performance of two widely used controllers in the control of dynamic systems: the PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller and the LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator) controller. A detailed simulation using MATLAB® Simulink is presented to evaluate the behavior of a two-wheeled autonomous self-balancing mobile robot. A mathematical model that accurately describes the robot system has been developed. Specific design techniques were then applied to each controller, and the resulting behavior was observed in terms of stability and response. This comparison has significant implications in the field of autonomous systems control and can help determine which of the two controllers is more suitable for applications of autonomous self-balancing mobile robots.