bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestión de marca como factor de reactivación económica en el sector textil
Authors: Navarrete-Reinoso Joselyn , Guerrero-Velástegui César
Published: May 2022

Actualmente las empresas están reactivando su economía durante la pandemia, todo gracias al levantamiento gradual de las restricciones, vacunas, distanciamiento, el uso de cubrebocas y demás normas de bioseguridad, por tal razón las empresas están en busca de estrategias que les ayude a mantener y cumplir con las necesidades y requisitos de los consumidores, esta investigación analiza de manera estadística a la gestión de marca como factor de reactivación económica dentro de las PYMES del sector textil de la Provincia de Tungurahua. Mediante una encuesta de enfoque cuantitativo para saber la relación de las variables mencionadas, se aplicó el instrumento a 164 consumidores, para luego analizar de forma estadística, ocupando el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, para relacionar las variables de estudio. Los resultados confirmaron que la gestión de marca ayuda a posicionar a las empresas, disminuye el margen de competencia, reactiva las ventas, aumenta clientes leales. Por tal motivo, es importante que las empresas trabajen la gestión de la marca ya que es una inversión y no un gasto, que conlleva aspectos positivos en corto, mediano y largo plazo, así mismo ayuda a saber las nuevas necesidades del cliente ya que tras la crisis sanitaria los hábitos de compra cambiaron y las empresas deberán adaptarse a las mismas.
Gestão dos resíduos sólidos na Área de Proteção Ambiental Estrada-Parque Piraputanga nos distritos de Camisão e Piraputanga, serra de Maracaju, Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Brito Ingryd Khristina de , Araújo Giselle Marques de , Matias Rosemary , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de
Published: May 2022

A serra de Maracaju é conhecida por sua diversidade ambiental e belezas cênicas, além da presença de distritos que possuem uma rica história, que estiveram isolados devido a precariedade de acesso à região. O poder público, visando proteger os recursos naturais da região criou a Área de Proteção Ambiental Estrada-Parque Piraputanga, que acompanha a MS 450, passando pelos distritos de Camisão e Piraputanga, município de Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul. Após 19 anos da criação da estrada-parque, ocorreu a pavimentação da estrada, visando impulsionar o turismo na região e melhorar a renda dos moradores dos distritos. O melhor acesso propiciou maior trafego na estrada e a criação de novos empreendimentos, oferecendo novas opções econômicas aos moradores e visitantes. Entretanto, com o avanço das novas atividades, novos problemas surgem, tais como a gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Com base nestas informações, objetivou-se investigar se a pavimentação asfáltica foi acompanhada de um planejamento quanto à gestão dos resíduos, que tendem a aumentar com o incremento do turismo nesses distritos, localizados na Área de Proteção Ambiental do município de Aquidauana. Como resultado, sugere-se que sejam adequadas as lixeiras disponíveis nos Distritos, bem como, se promova a distribuição de lixeiras nos pontos turísticos e conscientização do visitante, pautada em uma política de Educação Ambiental.
O uso da cannabis no tratamento da Alzheimer
Authors: Santos Victoria Rayanne Tenorio , Santos Raniclebson de Aquino , Guedes João Paulo de Melo , Andrade Maria Clara de
Published: May 2022

À medida que a população envelhece, aumenta a incidência de algumas doenças neurodegenerativas que afetam a funcionalidade de pessoas idosas, como a doença de Alzheimer. Ela é uma patologia neurológica progressiva denominada pela perda de estímulos nervosos dos neurônios cerebrais. No presente estudo foram relatadas as características principais da doença de Alzheimer, como o comprometimento cognitivo, e a perda progressiva da memória. No entanto, recentemente no Brasil o uso da erva Cannabis como fitoterápico para doenças neurodegenerativas tem aumentado de forma considerável, e o desafio deste projeto é apresentar os principais aspectos da doença, analisar esta nova alternativa terapêutica, comprovando sua atividade metabólica através de evidencias cientificas, mostrando também a importância desta planta para melhora na qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de Alzheimer (DA). O trabalho foi produzido através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão de integrativa de literatura, sobre os benefícios deste composto no SNC. Sendo assim, ao final desta pesquisa foi possível avaliar a relevância da erva e o impacto dessas descobertas na neurologia atual.
Proposta de modelo para a implementação da contabilidade ambiental em indústrias de laticínios
Authors: Borges Talilian Joelma , Fonseca Letícia Rodrigues de , Magalhães Sérgio Ricardo Silva , Pereira Guilherme Marques , Lahmann Daiane Fernandes Pereira , Fávaro Leandro Costa
Published: May 2022

A Contabilidade Ambiental é uma ferramenta de gestão interna que possui o propósito de evidenciar os custos, despesas e receitas ambientais para subsidiar as tomadas de decisão empresariais, e por possibilitar o uso consciente dos recursos naturais nos sistemas produtivos, contribuindo para um desenvolvimento sustentável, este estudo propôs, como objetivo geral, descrever por meio de um modelo como implementar a Contabilidade Ambiental em indústrias de laticínios. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, em um laticínio localizado na região sul de Minas Gerais. Entrevistou-se a Gestora da empresa e o Técnico de Produção. Por meio do arcabouço teórico e dos relatos dos entrevistados, foi possível propor e aplicar um modelo para a implantação da Contabilidade Ambiental. No caso do não atendimento de etapas deste modelo pelo laticínio, recomendações foram propostas pelos pesquisadores. Ao final, constatou-se que este laticínio possui disponibilidade financeira para fazer investimentos no âmbito ambiental e que tem potencial para colocar em prática a Contabilidade Ambiental.
Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas: Uma proposta de intervenção para o ensino das Geociências na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Cardoso Luiz Antonio Soares , Borges Kamylla Pereira
Published: May 2022

A Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) busca tornar os alunos mais independentes, oportunizando meios para que assumam a responsabilidade pelo seu processo de aprendizagem. Foi pensando nestas possibilidades, que selecionamos a ABP como metodologia ativa de ensino para desenvolvermos este trabalho. A pesquisa em questão, tem o objetivo de utilizar a ABP como ferramenta para intervenção pedagógica no ensino de Geociências na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, em uma turma do 6º período do curso Técnico Integrado em Secretaria Escolar, na modalidade Educação de Jovens e Adultos, do Instituto Federal de Goiás. Para alcançar este objetivo, foram utilizadas algumas metodologias pré-definidas, como: explanação prévia do conteúdo para situar os estudantes sobre a temática; utilização de pergunta-problema para instigá-los a desenvolver um pensamento crítico e autônomo; questionários para manifestarem seus conhecimentos antes e após passagem de vídeos didáticos; e, por fim, um novo questionário para avaliarem a metodologia proposta. Como resultado, percebemos que 100% dos alunos aprovaram a metodologia utilizada, o que nos permite concluir que a proposta de intervenção foi exitosa.
Perfil clínico dos pacientes não críticos portadores de diabetes mellitus hospitalizados nas enfermarias do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe
Authors: Santana Myllena Maria Santos , Santos José Abimael da Silva , Pereira Francisco de Assis
Published: May 2022

O diabetes mellitus (DM) caracteriza-se por hiperglicemia persistente e está associado a complicações micro e macrovasculares e aumento de morbimortalidade. A hiperglicemia hospitalar (HH), definida por glicemia maior que 140mg/dL em jejum, também aumenta o risco de complicação no âmbito hospitalar. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o perfil clínico dos pacientes não críticos portadores de DM e não diabéticos hospitalizados nas enfermarias do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (HU-UFS) e a frequência de HH. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostragem de conveniência com pacientes não críticos portadores de DM e não diabéticos hospitalizados nas enfermarias do HU-UFS entre agosto e dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por meio de revisão dos prontuários e entrevistas aos participantes da pesquisa. Foram avaliados 160 pacientes. Destes, 140 pacientes tiveram dosagem de glicemia de jejum na admissão e foram elegíveis, separados em dois grupos: Grupo Controle (n=101) e Grupo Diabéticos (n=39). A HH foi observada em seis pacientes do GC e 9 do GD, com Razão de Prevalência (RP) = 3,89 (IC 95% 2,2 a 18,6). A frequência de história familiar para DM, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia, circunferência abdominal aumentada e síndrome metabólica foi maior no GD, com significância estatística. Os fatores de risco para disglicemia foram frequentes nos pacientes não críticos do HU-UFS e síndrome metabólica, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, história familiar de DM e circunferência abdominal aumentada significativamente relacionados aos pacientes diabéticos. A HH apresentou associação significativa com a presença de DM.
Um debate sobre a modelagem matemática na grade curricular dos cursos de formação de professores de matemática da educação básica na cidade de Humaitá -Amazonas
Authors: Cruz Genercley Araujo , Vaz Marcos Braz , Bentancourt Diogo Emanuel Veis , Silva Ivani Valentin da
Published: May 2022

O presente trabalho discuti a importância da modelagem matemática como método de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática na educação básica capaz de favorecer vivências significativas no contexto escolar, com ênfase para as grades curriculares dos cursos de formação de professores de Matemática da educação básica. Teve como objetivo geral descrever cursos de formação de professores de Matemática das principais instituições de ensino superior sediadas no município de Humaitá, Estado do Amazonas, que contemplam essa prática de ensino em suas grades curriculares. A escolha desta cidade do Amazonas ocorreu tendo em vista sua importância enquanto centro universitário do interior do Amazonas, que obriga   instituições como o Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, com a análise de artigos, livros, dissertações e teses referentes ao assunto em questão, o que forneceu sustentação teórica para a escrita. Por outro lado, foram coletadas informações sobre a presença da modelagem matemática como disciplina da grade curricular de tais instituições de ensino superior, alvo desta pesquisa o que ajudou a evidenciar a importância das práticas de ensino e aprendizagem alinhadas à metodologia da Modelagem Matemática, ainda que seja notória a sua não consolidação nos currículos dos cursos de formação inicial de professores.
Escritas reflexivas de futuros professores de Matemática
Authors: Soares Natalia Maria da Silva , Santos Edilaine Regina dos
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo são apresentados resultados de uma investigação que teve por objetivo analisar escritas reflexivas de futuros professores de Matemática e identificar tipos de escritas produzidos por eles. Para a coleta dessas escritas foi utilizado um instrumento denominado Caderno de aula com Reflexões, no contexto de uma disciplina de Prática e Metodologia do Ensino de Matemática da Licenciatura em Matemática de uma Universidade Pública Paranaense. Para as análises, realizou-se inicialmente a leitura de todo o material disponível e na sequência uma leitura vertical e uma leitura horizontal das produções dos licenciandos. De modo geral, por meio da escrita reflexiva dos futuros professores pode-se notar que relatam aprendizados, dúvidas, esclarecimentos, fatos que despertaram seu interesse, experiências de estudo, entre outras coisas. No que diz respeito aos tipos de escritas reflexivas tem-se que foram identificadas escritas Tipo Explicação e Tipo Exploração. Espera-se que os resultados dessa investigação possam subsidiar outras investigações e para o processo de formação de outros docentes.
Saúde mental de discentes do ensino superior em um cenário de metodologias ativas de ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: Matos Luiz Eduardo Oliveira , Schott Marcia , Andrade Iana Alves , Jardim Renata
Published: May 2022

Objetivou-se pesquisar a prevalência de sinais e sintomas depressivos dentre os discentes de graduação de cursos na área da saúde, de uma Universidade Federal, com projeto curricular pedagógico baseado em Metodologias Ativas de Ensino Aprendizagem, de um município no interior do nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e observacional, de abordagem analítica, descritiva e quantitativa realizado por meio de questionários semiestruturados autoaplicáveis. Os sujeitos deste estudo foram discentes de graduação matriculados nos oito cursos da área de ciências da saúde. A pesquisa foi realizada entre fevereiro de 2018 a junho de 2019. Os dados quantitativos foram processados por meio do software Excel (Microsoft®) de forma descritiva. As influências centrais do módulo de tutorial foram ansiedade (77%; n=314), alterações de sono (79%; n=323), competitividade (66%; n=271), individualismo (60%: n=244) e estresse (83,7%; n=343); outros módulos obtiveram proporções menores. Cerca de 36% mudariam de instituição de ensino, 44% mudariam de curso; Aproximadamente 31% (n=129) dos discentes apresentava ao menos uma morbidade referida. Problemas Mentais Comuns foram o grupo de morbidade referida mais prevalente (49%; n=63).  O Inventário Beck identificou que 35% (n=143) dos participantes apresentou algum grau de depressão; 2% (n=8) autoavaliou sua saúde como ‘ruim/muito ruim’; 8% (n=33) referiu utilizar medicamentos.  O grupo de substâncias químicas mais frequentemente utilizadas foram os psicofármacos, tendo destaque os medicamentos ansiolíticos (43%; n=18) e antidepressivos (29%; n=12); 45% (n=20) relacionou o uso de medicamentos à entrada na Universidade. Entendemos que uma reflexão institucional, discente e docente sobre a aplicabilidade das metodologias ativas de ensino aprendizagem deve ser considerada.
Internações por Condições Cardiovasculares Sensíveis à Atenção Primária à Saúde no Estado de Sergipe no período de 2010 – 2020
Authors: Vieira Caroline Cordeiro , Silva Rômulo Rodrigues de Souza , Xavier Bruno Manoel Feitosa , Xavier Lara Fernanda Feitosa , Franco Magaly Ribeiro , Resende Maria Suzana de Abreu Barros
Published: May 2022

Objetivos: Analisar as Internações por Condições Cardiovasculares Sensíveis à Atenção Primária à Saúde no Estado de Sergipe no período de 2010 – 2020. Método: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de séries temporais por meio da análise de dados do sistema DATASUS, com informações das internações realizadas pelas Autorizações de Internações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, e dados populacionais obtidos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Foram consideradas quatro doenças, sendo elas: Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS), Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC), Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) e Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). As taxas anuais de internação foram calculadas segundo as variáveis causa e Mesorregiões. Resultados: Foi possível perceber queda para HAS, IC e AVC, quando considerado o período total estudado. Dentre as doenças analisadas, a Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC) foi a condição que apresentou maior queda absoluta, seguida do Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC). O Infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) apresentou aumento da taxa, na comparação total. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem uma redução nas taxas de duas doenças analisadas e tendência a permanecerem em alta das demais. Com esse resultado é possível inferir que há maior necessidade de trabalhar resoluções para a diminuição dos fatores de risco para o IAM e AVC, visto que envolvem fatores de risco modificáveis mais facilmente trabalhados na Atenção Primária de Saúde. Nesse sentido, medidas que atuem associando um melhor controle de fatores de risco e medidas educativas quanto a esses agravos pode ser uma sugestão interessante para a sociedade, visto que fatores de risco podem ser ainda desconhecidos.
Evidence of shared trends in juvenile fish recruitment to nearshore seagrass habitats of the eastern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gorecki R , Schrandt MN , Switzer TS
Published: May 2022

Monitoring abundance of juveniles over time is fundamental to effective fisheries management, especially when juvenile abundance may be used to predict future productivity. Yet, the mechanisms underlying variation in fish recruitment remain a source of uncertainty for fully understanding population dynamics. Given the interest in progression from single-species to ecosystem-based fisheries management, tracking multiple species over time and determining overall trends becomes a key component of management. Therefore, we (1) examined potential temporal synchrony among recruitment of juvenile fish species to seagrass habitats along the West Florida Shelf (WFS) in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and (2) sought to identify potential environmental covariates driving shared trends among species. Dynamic factor analysis identified 3 shared trends among catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) time series of 11 species from a 2008-2018 trawl survey. The first and third trends had similar bimodal patterns with high CPUEs at the beginning of the time series, a decline, and then an increase near the end of the time series. The second trend had increasing CPUEs for the first 2 yr, a stable but variable trend in the middle, and an increase thereafter. Within the annual trends, most species’ seasonal CPUEs mimicked seasonal variability of seagrass biomass. Furthermore, southeast to westerly winds along the WFS 1 mo prior to sampling coincided with increased juvenile fish abundance for multiple species. Although the model is not without its limitations, there is evidence of shared recruitment patterns among fishes, which can inform multispecies survey design, habitat protection and restoration efforts, and management decisions for data-rich and data-limited species.
Metanoia v teórii a praxi sociálnej práce
Authors: Žiaková Eva , Šeďo Tomáš
Published: May 2022

Predkladaný recenzovaný zborník príspevkov s názvom „Metanoia v teórii a praxi sociálnej práce“ je výstupom online konferencie s medzinárodnou účasťou 9. ročníka Košických dní sociálnej práce konanej dňa 26.11.2021. Ako to už naznačuje téma konferencie, ústredným zameraním predkladaných príspevkov je metanoia, ktorá predstavuje zmenu životného postoja. V jednotlivých príspevkoch sa rozoberajú zaujímavé a aktuálne témy, ktoré sa týkajú rôznorodých oblastí pôsobenia sociálnej práce. Predkladaný zborník obsahuje príspevky orientované na problematiku sociálnej patológie a jej prevencie, supervíziu, významu digitálnych technológií v sociálnej práci, metódam výskumov, starostlivosti o seba a podobne. Zborník taktiež obsahuje niekoľko príspevkov venovaných veľmi aktuálnej problematike radikalizmu a extrémizmu, ktorá je v súčasných podmienkach rozšíreným a závažným javom. Príspevky sú originálne a prínosné z pohľadu teoretických koncepcií, metodologických postupov, ale aj ako kvalitné empirické spracovania a prinášajú odborníkom zaujímavé výsledky výskumov.
Guided Gradual Egg-Tolerance Induction in Hen's Egg Allergic Children Tolerating Baked Egg: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: De Vlieger Liselot , Nuyttens Lisa , Matton Charlotte , Diels Marianne , Verelst Sophie , Leus Jasmine , Coppens Katrien , Sauer Kate , Dilissen Ellen , Coorevits Lieve , Matthys Christophe , Schrijvers Rik , Raes Marc , Bullens Dominique M. A.
Published: May 2022

Graphical Abstract
The Research Landscape of Ferroptosis in Cancer: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Li Guoli , Liang Yumei , Yang Hongyu , Zhang Weiru , Xie Tingting
Published: May 2022

Background: Ferroptosis is a novel mechanism of programmed cell death coined in 2012, which has been found to play important roles in human health and disease. In the past decade, ferroptosis research has seen booming growth worldwide. The aim of this study was to visualize the scientific outputs and research trends of ferroptosis in the field of cancer.

Methods: The raw data of publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on 19 December 2021. The information on the impact factor (IF) and Journal Citation Reports (JCR) division were obtained from the website of Web of Science. Two kinds of software (CiteSpace and VOSviewer) were used to perform visualized analysis.

Results: From 2012 to 2021, a total of 1833 publications related to ferroptosis in cancer were identified for final analysis. The annual number of citations and publications grew exponentially over the past decade. China (1,092) and United States (489) had the highest number of publications; Central South University and Guangzhou Medical University were the most productive institutions. Daolin Tang and Scott J Dixon were the most active authors ranked by most productive and co-cited, respectively. The journals with the highest output and co-citation frequency were Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications and Cell, respectively. Among the 1833 publications, four were identified with citations more than 1000 times. Six co-cited references had a citation burst duration until 2021. Analysis of keywords suggested the current research of ferroptosis in cancer clusters in 9 hotspots and newly emerging frontier may be “multidrug resistance”.

Conclusion: Cancer research is the major area of active research in ferroptosis. Our results provide a global landscape of the ferroptosis research in cancer from 2012 to 2021, which serves as a reference for future studies in this field.
Mitochondrial DNA and Population Genomics Reveal Additional Cryptic Diversity in the Green Salamander (Subgenus Castaneides) Species Complex
Authors: Niemiller Matthew L. , Davis Mark A. , Tan Milton , Apodaca J. J. , Dooley Katherine E. , Cucalón Roberto V. , Benito Joseph B. , Niemiller K. Denise Kendall , Hardman Rebecca H. , Istvanko Daniel , Thames Dustin
Published: May 2022

Cryptic species present particular challenges to biodiversity conservation, as true species diversity and distributional boundaries remain obscured. However, modern molecular tools have afforded unparalleled opportunities to elucidate cryptic species, define their distributions, and, ultimately, develop conservation interventions to extend their evolutionary trajectories into the future. The Green Salamander (Aneides aeneus) complex provides an evolutionary focal point and the Appalachian Highlands an ecological context for the exploration of cryptic speciation in an imperiled taxon. A recent study uncovered significant levels of genetic and genomic variation geographically structured across the Appalachian Highlands, including up to four lineages, one of which (A. caryaensis) was described therein. Here we extend the genetic and genomic examination of theCastaneidesspecies complex by intensive sampling of additional populations along Cumberland Plateau and Appalachian Valley and Ridge of Alabama and Tennessee, employing both mtDNA and RADseq species delimitation approaches to delineate cryptic diversity and boundaries in this region. Analyses of two mitochondrial loci (nd4andcytb) identified two reciprocally monophyletic lineages, which are also supported by population clustering and phylogenetic analyses of SNPs, that identified two population clusters with no evidence of gene flow. Our genetic and genomic results support the recognition of two additional cryptic lineages in theCastaneidesspecies complex. Ultimately, this information is critical in developing successful adaptive management strategies for this important and endemic component of Appalachian Highland biodiversity.
miRNA-200b—A Potential Biomarker Identified in a Porcine Model of Cardiogenic Shock and Mechanical Unloading
Authors: Riehle Christian , Sieweke Jan-Thorben , Bakshi Sayan , Ha Chae-Myeong , Junker Udesen Nanna Louise , Møller-Helgestad Ole K. , Froese Natali , Berg Ravn Hanne , Bähre Heike , Geffers Robert , Seifert Roland , Møller Jacob E. , Wende Adam R. , Bauersachs Johann , Schäfer Andreas
Published: May 2022

Background

Cardiogenic shock (CS) alters whole body metabolism and circulating biomarkers serve as prognostic markers in CS patients. Percutaneous ventricular assist devices (pVADs) unload the left ventricle by actively ejecting blood into the aorta. The goal of the present study was to identify alterations in circulating metabolites and transcripts in a large animal model that might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in acute CS and additional left ventricular unloading by Impella ® pVAD support.

Methods

CS was induced in a preclinical large animal model by injecting microspheres into the left coronary artery system in six pigs. After the induction of CS, mechanical pVAD support was implemented for 30 min total. Serum samples were collected under basal conditions, after the onset of CS, and following additional pVAD unloading. Circulating metabolites were determined by metabolomic analysis, circulating RNA entities by RNA sequencing.

Results

CS and additional pVAD support alter the abundance of circulating metabolites involved in Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism. RNA sequencing revealed decreased abundance of the hypoxia sensitive miRNA-200b following the induction of CS, which was reversed following pVAD support.

Conclusion

The hypoxamir miRNA-200b is a potential circulating marker that is repressed in CS and is restored following pVAD support. The early transcriptional response with increased miRNA-200b expression following only 30 min of pVAD support suggests that mechanical unloading alters whole body metabolism. Future studies are required to delineate the impact of serum miRNA-200b levels as a prognostic marker in patients with acute CS and pVAD unloading.
The Relationship Between Obesity and Depression Is Partly Dependent on Metabolic Health Status: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database Study
Authors: Wang Zhixiang , Cheng Yiping , Li Yuan , Han Junming , Yuan Zhongshang , Li Qihang , Zhong Fang , Wu Yafei , Fan Xiude , Bo Tao , Gao Ling
Published: May 2022

Objective

Some studies have demonstrated a bidirectional association between obesity and depression, whereas others have not. This discordance might be due to the metabolic health status. We aimed to determine whether the relationship between obesity and depression is dependent on metabolic health status.

Methods

In total, 9,022,089 participants were enrolled and classified as one of four obesity phenotypes: metabolically healthy nonobesity (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy nonobesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We then divided the population into eight phenotypes based on obesity and the number of metabolic risk factors. Furthermore, the associations of eight phenotypes, based on obesity and specific metabolic risk factors, with depression were assessed.

Result

Among all participants, a higher risk of depression was observed for MUNO, MHO and MUO than for MHNO. The risk was highest for MUO (OR = 1.442; 95% CI = 1.432, 1.451). However, the association between MHO and depression was different for men and women (OR = 0.941, men; OR = 1.132, women). The risk of depression increased as the number of metabolic risk factors increased. Dyslipidemia was the strongest metabolic risk factor. These relationships were consistent among patients ≥ 45 years of age.

Conclusions

The increased risk of obesity-related depression appears to partly depend on metabolic health status. The results highlight the importance of a favorable metabolic status, and even nonobese populations should be screened for metabolic disorders.
Evolution of Placental Hormones: Implications for Animal Models
Authors: Carter Anthony M.
Published: May 2022

Human placenta secretes a variety of hormones, some of them in large amounts. Their effects on maternal physiology, including the immune system, are poorly understood. Not one of the protein hormones specific to human placenta occurs outside primates. Instead, laboratory and domesticated species have their own sets of placental hormones. There are nonetheless several examples of convergent evolution. Thus, horse and human have chorionic gonadotrophins with similar functions whilst pregnancy-specific glycoproteins have evolved in primates, rodents, horses, and some bats, perhaps to support invasive placentation. Placental lactogens occur in rodents and ruminants as well as primates though evolved through duplication of different genes and with functions that only partially overlap. There are also placental hormones, such as the pregnancy-associated glycoproteins of ruminants, that have no equivalent in human gestation. This review focusses on the evolution of placental hormones involved in recognition and maintenance of pregnancy, in maternal adaptations to pregnancy and lactation, and in facilitating immune tolerance of the fetal semiallograft. The contention is that knowledge gained from laboratory and domesticated mammals can translate to a better understanding of human placental endocrinology, but only if viewed in an evolutionary context.
An Active State of Charge Balancing Method With LC Energy Storage for Series Battery Pack
Authors: Xu Xiaozhuo , Xing Cheng , Wu Qi , Qian Wei , Zhao Yunji , Guo Xiangwei
Published: May 2022

To reduce the impact of series battery pack inconsistency on energy utilization, an active state of charge (SOC) balancing method based on an inductor and capacitor is proposed. Only one inductor and one capacitor can achieve a direct transfer of balanced energy between the highest power cell and the lowest power cell. This method has the characteristics of a simple structure, small size, simple control, fast balancing speed, and low topology cost. First, the topology, working principle, parameter design, and control strategy of the proposed balancing method are explained. Second, the characteristics of the speed and efficiency are analyzed through the simulation models, and the advantages of its low topology cost and simple control are explained. Finally, by building an experimental platform for a four-cell series battery pack, the effectiveness of the new balancing method in the charging/discharging process and the dynamic process of the battery pack is verified. After the end of the balancing, the SOC difference is less than 4%.
Biodegraders of Large Woody Debris Across a Tidal Gradient in an Indonesian Mangrove Ecosystem
Authors: Hendy Ian W. , Shipway J. Reuben , Tupper Mark , Etxabe Amaia Green , Ward Raymond D. , Cragg Simon M.
Published: May 2022

There has been limited research on the breakdown, recycling, and flux of carbon from large woody detritus (LWD) in mangrove forests. The breakdown of LWD is caused by guilds of terrestrial and marine biodegrading organisms that degrade wood at a range of rates and efficiencies. Spatial variations in environmental factors within mangroves affect the distribution and community of biodegrading organisms, which, in turn, impacts carbon flow and sequestration. We reveal the role of biodegrading organisms in LWD breakdown and the environmental factors that influence the distribution of biodegrading guilds within a mangrove forest in South East Sulawesi that supports a diversity of mangrove species typical of Indonesian mangrove forests, which constitute 20% of Global mangrove cover. Within the high intertidal regions, terrestrial biodegradation processes dominated upon LWD. After 12 months exposure on the forest floor, experimental wooden panels in these areas remained unchanged in mass and condition. In the low intertidal region, marine wood-boring animals belonging to the family Teredinidae were the dominant biodegraders of LWD, and their activity reduces LWD volume and speeds up the loss of LWD volume. More than 50% of the experimental wooden panels’ weight in these areas was lost after 12 months exposure on the forest floor. Although different biodegrading guilds occupy the same LWD niche, their distribution throughout the mangrove forest is influenced by inundation time. The change of biodegrading guilds within LWD between the terrestrial and the marine organisms was distinct, creating a biodegradation boundary in a distance as narrow as 1 m on the mangrove forest floor. These results are important, as rising sea levels have crucial implications for biodegrading guilds. A full understanding of factors affecting the biodegradation processes of LWD in mangrove forests is critical to accurately assess mangrove carbon stores and the fate of mangrove derived carbon.
Predicting Differences in Treatment Response and Survival Time of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Based on a Prognostic Risk Model of Glycolysis-Related Genes
Authors: Zhao Rongchang , Ding Dan , Ding Yan , Han Rongbo , Wang Xiujuan , Zhu Chunrong
Published: May 2022

Background:Multiple factors influence the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Specifically, the therapeutic outcomes of treatments and the probability of recurrence of the disease differ among patients with the same stage of LUAD. Therefore, effective prognostic predictors need to be identified.

Methods:Based on the tumor mutation burden (TMB) data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, LUAD patients were divided into high and low TMB groups, and differentially expressed glycolysis-related genes between the two groups were screened. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression were used to obtain a prognostic model. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and a calibration curve were generated to evaluate the nomogram that was constructed based on clinicopathological characteristics and the risk score. Two data sets (GSE68465 and GSE11969) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used to verify the prognostic performance of the gene. Furthermore, differences in immune cell distribution, immune-related molecules, and drug susceptibility were assessed for their relationship with the risk score.

Results:We constructed a 5-gene signature (FKBP4, HMMR, B4GALT1, SLC2A1, STC1) capable of dividing patients into two risk groups. There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) times between the high-risk group and the low-risk group (p< 0.001), with the low-risk group having a better survival outcome. Through multivariate Cox analysis, the risk score was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor (HR = 2.709, 95% CI = 1.981–3.705,p< 0.001), and the ROC curve and nomogram exhibited accurate prediction performance. Validation of the data obtained in the GEO database yielded similar results. Furthermore, there were significant differences in sensitivity to immunotherapy, cisplatin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, docetaxel, gefitinib, and erlotinib between the low-risk and high-risk groups.

Conclusion:Our results reveal that glycolysis-related genes are feasible predictors of survival and the treatment response of patients with LUAD.
Pooled Prevalence and Determinants of Completion of Maternity Continuum of Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Country Analysis of Recent Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Hunie Asratie Melaku , Belay Daniel Gashaneh
Published: May 2022

Background

Improving the coverage of completion of the maternity continuum of care is the priority area of sub-Saharan African countries to achieve the sustainable development goal. Despite this, information is scant about the pooled prevalence of completion of the maternity continuum of care and its determinants in sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of completion of the maternity continuum of care and its determinants among women in sub-Saharan African countries.

Methods

The study was conducted based on Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 33 sub-Saharan African countries from 2010 to 2020. The total sample size of 337,297 postpartum period women with children aged 0–36 months (about 3 years) was employed in the analysis by STATA version 14. A multilevel logistic regression model was fitted, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), median odds ratio (MOR), proportion change in variance (PCV), and deviance were used for model fitness and comparison. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was presented. Variables with a value of p < 0.05 were declared significant determinants of completion of the maternity continuum of care.

Results

The pooled prevalence of completion of the maternity continuum of care was 35.81%; [95% CI, 35.64%, 35.9%]. Higher educational level [AOR = 3.62; 95% CI 2.25, 4.46], wanted pregnancy [AOR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.82, 3.12], history of terminated pregnancy [AOR = 3.21; 95% CI 2.86, 4.21], distance to the nearby health facility [AOR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.68, 2.36], women as primary decision maker [AOR = 2.15; 95% CI 2.02, 2.87], nouse of traditional medication during pregnancy [AOR = 1.01; 95% CI 1.00, 1.45], antenatal care (ANC) visit within second trimester [AOR = 2.76; 95% CI 2.01, 3.47], informed about pregnancy complication [AOR = 2.73; 95% CI 2.10, 3.21], healthcare provider support [AOR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.02, 2.44], and being eastern and western African [AOR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.11, 2.44 and AOR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.88, 2.76, respectively] were determinant factors of completion of maternity continuum of care.

Conclusions

The completion of the maternity continuum of care in sub-Sahara African countries was low. Emphasis on women's education, type, history of pregnancy, distance to the nearby health facility, region, assessing the exposure of traditional medication, and informed about pregnancy complications, healthcare provider's support can improve the prevalence of completion of the maternity continuum of care.
Case Report: A Missense Mutation of KIT in Hyperpigmentation and Lentigines Unassociated With Systemic Disorders: Report of a Chinese Pedigree and a Literature Review
Authors: Yang Lu , Liu Yuehua , Wang Tao
Published: May 2022

Background

KIT is a proto-oncogene that is involved in the proliferation, survival, and regulation of melanocytes, mast cells, and the interstitial cells of Cajal. Mutations of KIT have been reported to be associated with hyperpigmentation and lentigines, mastocytosis, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Some hotspot mutations of KIT have been reported to be associated with mastocytosis and GISTs, while the relationship between KIT mutations and hyperpigmentation and lentigines has not been fully elucidated.

Methods

In this study, we presented a three-generation Chinese pedigree with progressive hyperpigmentation and generalized lentigines inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. High-throughput sequencing was performed to capture genetic variations in peripheral blood samples of the proband. Also, Sanger sequencing was performed to further verify the result. We also reviewed previous literature on KIT mutations with hyperpigmentation and lentigines.

Results

A missense mutation of the KIT gene was identified: c. 2485G > C, which was co-segregated in the proband and his insulted father. Germline KIT mutations presenting as generalized hyperpigmentation and lentigines without systemic disorders are rare, with only two reports of c. 2485G > C mutation associated with this phenotype in previous literature.

Conclusion

Our pedigree, together with those two reports, indicates a possible phenotype-genotype correlation of this germline KIT mutation, which might be helpful for genetic counseling, further functional segregation of KIT, and design of targeted therapy in the future.
A New Berlin Questionnaire Simplified by Machine Learning Techniques in a Population of Italian Healthcare Workers to Highlight the Suspicion of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: De Nunzio Giorgio , Conte Luana , Lupo Roberto , Vitale Elsa , Calabrò Antonino , Ercolani Maurizio , Carvello Maicol , Arigliani Michele , Toraldo Domenico Maurizio , De Benedetto Luigi
Published: May 2022

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a condition characterized by the presence of repeated complete or partial collapse of the upper airways during sleep associated with episodes of intermittent hypoxia, leading to fragmentation of sleep, sympathetic nervous system activation, and oxidative stress. To date, one of the major aims of research is to find out a simplified non-invasive screening system for this still underdiagnosed disease. The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) is the most widely used questionnaire for OSA and is a beneficial screening tool devised to select subjects with a high likelihood of having OSA. We administered the original ten-question Berlin questionnaire, enriched with a set of questions purposely prepared by our team and completing the socio-demographic, clinical, and anamnestic picture, to a sample of Italian professional nurses in order to investigate the possible impact of OSA disease on healthcare systems. According to the Berlin questionnaire, respondents were categorized as high-risk and low-risk of having OSA. For both risk groups, baseline characteristics, work information, clinical factors, and symptoms were assessed. Anthropometric data, work information, health status, and symptoms were significantly different between OSA high-risk and low-risk groups. Through supervised feature selection and Machine Learning, we also reduced the original BQ to a very limited set of items which seem capable of reproducing the outcome of the full BQ: this reduced group of questions may be useful to determine the risk of sleep apnea in screening cases where questionnaire compilation time must be kept as short as possible.
First-Line Treatment for Advanced SCLC: What Is Left Behind and Beyond Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Giunta Emilio Francesco , Addeo Alfredo , Rizzo Alessio , Banna Giuseppe Luigi
Published: May 2022

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is still a lethal disease. Three phase III randomized clinical trials (IMpower133, CASPIAN, and KEYNOTE-604) have highlighted the survival gain of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to first-line standard chemotherapy in advanced SCLC patients. In this review, we discuss the data from the three trials above. Furtherly, we analyze issues that still need to be elucidated, like the role of biomarkers, poor performance status at baseline, the presence of brain metastases, and the platinum compound's choice. Moreover, we depict the future of SCLC first-line therapy management, focusing on new therapeutic strategies currently under investigation.
Untargeted Metabolomics Approach of Cross-Adaptation in Salmonella Enterica Induced by Major Compounds of Essential Oils
Authors: Pamplona Pagnossa Jorge , Rocchetti Gabriele , Bezerra Jadson Diogo Pereira , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , El-Masry Eman A. , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Alsayegh Abdulrahman A. , Mashraqi Abdullah , Cocconcelli Pier Sandro , Santos Cledir , Lucini Luigi , Hilsdorf Piccoli Roberta
Published: May 2022

Cross-adaptation phenomena in bacterial populations, induced by sublethal doses of antibacterial solutions, are a major problem in the field of food safety. In this regard, essential oils and their major compounds appear as an effective alternative to common sanitizers in food industry environments. The present study aimed to evaluate the untargeted metabolomics perturbations of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis that has been previously exposed to the sublethal doses of the major components of essential oils: cinnamaldehyde, citral, and linalool (CIN, CIT, and LIN, respectively). Cinnamaldehyde appeared to be the most efficient compound in the assays evaluating the inhibitory effects [0.06% (v/v) as MBC]. Also, preliminary tests exhibited a phenotype of adaptation in planktonic and sessile cells of S. Enteritidis when exposed to sublethal doses of linalool, resulting in tolerance to previously lethal concentrations of citral. A metabolomics approach on S. Enteritidis provided an important insight into the phenomenon of cross-adaptation induced by sublethal doses of major compounds of some essential oils. In addition, according to the results obtained, when single molecules were used, many pathways may be involved in bacterial tolerance, which could be different from the findings revealed in previous studies regarding the use of phytocomplex of essential oils. Orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS) proved to be an interesting predictive model to demonstrate the adaptation events in pathogenic bacteria because of the global engagement to prevent and control foodborne outbreaks.
Identification of a Novel Insertion Site HVT-005/006 for the Generation of Recombinant Turkey Herpesvirus Vector
Authors: Zai Xusheng , Shi Bin , Shao Hongxia , Qian Kun , Ye Jianqiang , Yao Yongxiu , Nair Venugopal , Qin Aijian
Published: May 2022

Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) has been widely used as a successful live virus vaccine against Marek's disease (MD) in chickens for more than five decades. Increasingly, HVT is also used as a highly effective recombinant vaccine vector against multiple avian pathogens. Conventional recombination, or recombineering, techniques that involve the cloning of viral genomes and, more recently, gene editing methods have been used for the generation of recombinant HVT-based vaccines. In this study, we used NHEJ-dependent CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches to insert the mCherry cassette for the screening of the HVT genome and identifying new potential sites for the insertion of foreign genes. A novel intergenic site HVT-005/006 in the unique long (UL) region of the HVT genome was identified, and mCherry was found to be stably expressed when inserted at this site. To confirm whether this site was suitable for the insertion of other exogenous genes, haemagglutinin (HA) of the H9N2 virus was inserted into this site, and a recombinant HVT-005/006-HA was rescued. The recombinant HVT-HA can grow well and express HA protein stably, which demonstrated that HVT-005/006 is a promising site for the insertion of foreign genes.
Age-Related Differences in the Neural Processing of Idioms: A Positive Perspective
Authors: Yeh Su-Ling , Li Shuo-Heng , Jingling Li , Goh Joshua O. S. , Chao Yi-Ping , Tsai Arthur C.
Published: May 2022

We examined whether older adults benefit from a larger mental-lexicon size and world knowledge to process idioms, one of few abilities that do not stop developing until later adulthood. Participants viewed four-character sequences presented one at a time that combined to form (1) frequent idioms, (2) infrequent idioms, (3) random sequences, or (4) perceptual controls, and judged whether the four-character sequence was an idiom. Compared to their younger counterparts, older adults had higher accuracy for frequent idioms and equivalent accuracy for infrequent idioms. Compared to random sequences, when processing frequent and infrequent idioms, older adults showed higher activations in brain regions related to sematic representation than younger adults, suggesting that older adults devoted more cognitive resources to processing idioms. Also, higher activations in the articulation-related brain regions indicate that older adults adopted the thinking-aloud strategy in the idiom judgment task. These results suggest re-organized neural computational involvement in older adults’ language representations due to life-long experiences. The current study provides evidence for the alternative view that aging may not necessarily be solely accompanied by decline.