bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Основы создания панорам для реализации виртуальной экскурсии
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Пащенко А.И. , Манюкова Н.В.
Published: February 2021

В статье рассмотрены возможности применения панорам в области виртуальных экскурсий. Проанализированы требования создания качественной панорамы. Представлены результаты исследования в качестве готовой панорамы для последующей реализации виртуальной экскурсии.
Способ обмена данными между JAVAFX и JAVASCRIPT в рамках одного приложения
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Филатов М.Е. , Слива М.В.
Published: February 2021

Иногда возникает необходимость совмещения в одном приложении HTML с JavaScript и JavaFX кода. В статье рассматривается возможность обмена данными в рамках одного приложения между Web-view с HTML через JavaScript и основным кодом в формате JavaFX
Процедура программирования модели многоуровневой адаптивной системы управления производством
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» им. В.И. Ульянова (Ленина), Чертовской В. Д.
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены вопросы формирования и использования резултатов выполнения программирования адаптивных автоматизированных систем управления производством как одно из направлений цифровой экономики. Математической основой описания трехуровневой системы служит предложенный автором однородный метод, базирующийся на методе динамического линейного программирования. Отмечена возможность реализации программной модели в локальном ва (с использованием технологии клиент-сервер), так и в удаленном (одноранговая технология) режимах. Описаны процедуры идентификации числовых данных как с помощью их компьютерной генерации, так получением данных из реальной системы. Описаны технологии использования программ для различных вариантов процессов планирования и управления.
Применение учебных симуляторов для подготовки рабочего персонала нефтегазодобывающих предприятий.
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Гогуадзе Н.Т. , Казиахмедов Т.Б.
Published: February 2021

В настоящее время нефтегазодобывающие предприятия, столкнулись с нехваткой квалифицированного рабочего персонала. Возникновение данной проблемы связано с тем, что выпускники центров обучения рабочим специальностям имеют низкий уровень практических знаний и поверхностное знание теории. Повысить уровень практических знаний можно путем внедрения в процесс обучения различных симуляторов технологических установок, применяемых на производстве.
Выбор оптимального режима эксплуатации газовой скважины с учетом ползучей деформации горных пород
Authors:   Институт нефти и газа НАН Азербайджана, Казымов Б.З. , Зейналов Р.М.
Published: February 2021

В статье предлагается метод определения оптимальных характеристик эксплуатации газовой скважины в случае возможности проявления технологических осложнений, связанных с образованием жидкостной пробки в забое скважины с учетом ползучей деформации горных пород пласт-коллектора за период разработки газовой залежи в режиме истощения
Определение тональности текстов при помощи нейронных сетей
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Тагиров К.М. , Катермина Т.С.
Published: February 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются рекуррентные нейронные сети, и примеры решений задач, связанных с обработкой естественного языка
Управление квадрокоптером с помощью веб-сайта
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Долгушин Д.А.
Published: February 2021

В данной статье рассматривается управление квадрокоптером с помощью сайта, используя сервер, API дрона и голосовое управление. Рассмотрены некоторые библиотеки и код программы.
Системы управления роботами
Authors:   Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет, Фурсова К.А. , Калинин Ю.Д. , Бабичева Н.Б.
Published: February 2021

В данной статье поднимается тема систем управления роботами. Приводится подробная классификация систем по типу управления. Дан анализ технологии интеллектуальных систем управления. Разработана и представлена схема управления интерактивными робототехническими системами.
Междисциплинарный подход в обучении программированию бакалавров ИВТ
Authors:   Нижневартовский государственный университет, Симурзина Е.А. , Казиахмедов Т.Б.
Published: February 2021

Вопрос формирования навыков программирования на языках высокого уровня остается актуальным и в наше время. Высокоуровневое программирование породило множество языков и стилей программирования. Но сами информационные системы ориентированы на управление данными на Wеб сервере, на сервере баз данных и на файловом сервере. При этом класс решаемых задач требует знания не одного языка высоко уровня, а целого их набора. Очень важно отметить, что изучаемые классические языки Паскаль, С++ имеют достаточно скудный набор составных данных в отличие от Java, Java Script, Python и др. С другой стороны, возможность появления не типизированных языков в лучшем случае свелось к использованию шаблонных типов. Все современные языки высокого уровня позволяют написать программы в логическом, функциональном, объектно-ориентированном стилях. Именно классы решаемых задач порой требуют использование какого-либо одного стиля. Поэтому важно, чтобы студенты в начале пути имели представления о множестве языков высокого уровня и о разных стилях программирования.
HAMBATAN PENDAFTARAN INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS TAHU SUMEDANG SEBAGAI ASET POTENSIAL DAERAH
Authors: Nugraha Yudha Agung , Haryanto Imam
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the barriers to registering geographic indications of Sumedang as potential regional assets. The research method used in the research is normative juridical research which means that it is carried out by examining library materials or secondary materials, then analyzing issues concerning Geographical Indications and their benefits to the area of ​​origin. The results of the analysis raise 2 themes discussed here, barriers to registering geographical indications of Sumedang tofu, as well as the impact on product listing as geographic indications. A study of these two themes is very useful in understanding the importance of registering geographic indications as well as the benefits generated by protecting Geographical Indications.

 Keywords : Geographical Indications, Sumedang, Benefits of Geographical Indications
KEPATUHAN PENYELENGGARA PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PELAKSANAAN REKOMENDASI OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA TERKAIT TINDAKAN MALADMINISTRASI TAHUN 2019
Authors: Dharmawan Muhammad Fachry , Marbun Robinsar
Published: February 2021

Public services are the key to running a perfect government in the framework of the obligation to serve its citizens. In practice, we often encounter complicated problems from the start to the end. So that this bureaucratic process becomes long, inefficient, and expensive. A fast and precise process is needed so that the public service process will be better in the future. One of the causes of not optimal public services in Indonesia is due to inadequate supervision of internal government. Finally, supervisory agencies have become important in their existence in Indonesia, both for direct investigation and following up on reports from the public. After conducting an investigation, the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia will issue a recommendation if it is proven that the public service institution has committed maladministration. However, many question whether these recommendations are being followed. Then whether the recommendation is sufficient as a sanction for maladministration is still in question. This certainty is important to ensure that the government's performance remains prime and fully pro-people.

 Keywords : Public Services, Bureaucracy, Public Service Supervisory Agency, Maladministration
Management of duodenal perforations post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Perea del Pozo E , de la Herranz Guerrero P , Tallón Aguilar L , López Ruiz JA , Oliva Mompeán F , Padillo Ruiz J
Published: February 2021

La colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) es una técnica endoscópica ideada como herramienta fundamental para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de diversos problemas pancreáticos y biliares. La incidencia de complicaciones de la técnica varía de 5,4% al 23,0% y la mortalidad general de 0,1% al 1%. Sin embargo la mortalidad puede verse incrementada en casos en los que se produce un retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la perforación duodenal alcanzado un 8-23%, como consecuencia de la sepsis y el fracaso multiorgánico secundario. La perforación duodenal post-CPRE es una complicación poco frecuente y potencialmente mortal, por lo tanto la clasificación y las pautas de tratamiento se basan en pequeñas series de casos y no existen estudios prospectivos con alto poder estadístico. La clasificación más comúnmente utilizada es la de Stapfer que tiene en cuenta el mecanismo, la ubicación anatómica y la gravedad de la lesión teniendo un mayor poder predictivo sobre la necesidad de intervención quirúrgica. Mediante la siguiente revisión bibliográfica exponemos las evidencias de la literatura con respecto al diagnóstico y tratamiento según los grados de Stapfer, proponemos del mismo modo un algoritmo de manejo basado en los datos recogidos y la casuística en dos centros de nuestra ciudad.
Management of perianal fistula in outpatient surgery
Authors: Turiño Luque JD , Pérez Reyes M , Cabelo Burgos AJ , Rivas Becerra J , Bayón Muñiz AÁ , Martínez Ferriz A , Santoyo Santoyo J
Published: February 2021

Introducción: la fístula anal se define como un trayecto que comunica el interior del canal anal con la piel perianal. Su origen puede ser multifactorial. Su complejidad viene determinado por la relación con la musculatura esfinteriana y factores interpersonales (enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, etc.). El tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico, existiendo gran variedad de técnicas (fistulotomía, fistulectomía, setón, LIFT, etc.), con posibilidad de complicaciones importantes (incontinencia).

Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo de los pacientes diagnosticados de fístula perianal desde 2015 a 2017 registrándose aspectos demográficos, tipo de fístula, tratamiento, complicaciones postquirúrgicas y régimen de intervención (ingreso vs. cirugía mayor ambulatoria).

Resultados: se incluyeron 151 pacientes, sometidos a 176 procedimientos, mayoritariamente fueron varones (74,2%) con mediana de edad de 48 años (DS±13,605). La mayoría de las fístulas se encontraron en el cuadrante inferior izquierdo con paciente en posición de litotomía, predominando el trayecto radial y un mayor porcentaje de diagnóstico postoperatorio de fístulas transesfinterianas de canal anal bajo. La técnica quirúrgica más empleada fue la fistulotomía y/o fistulectomía, seguido de colocación de setón (especialmente en el caso de fístulas complejas). El manejo del procedimiento en el 89,8% de los casos fue en régimen de cirugía mayor ambulatoria.

Conclusiones: la fístula perianal es una patología prevalente compleja pero que en manos de cirujanos proctológicos es factible en régimen de CMA. La fistulotomía y fistulectomía asociada o no a la colocación de setón, siguen siendo las técnicas de elección, con baja tasa de complicaciones.
Toxic megacolon as debut in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Pérez Quintero R , García del Pino B , González Benjumea MP , Reyes Moreno M , Perea Sánchez JM , Martín García de Arboleya R , Balongo García R
Published: February 2021

El megacolon tóxico (MT) es una colitis aguda fulminante asociada a la dilatación mayor de 6 cm no obstructiva del colon total o segmentaria acompañada de signos de toxicidad sistémica. El diagnóstico se basa en la sospecha clínica y pruebas de imagen; radiografía de abdomen y la TC (tomografía computarizada). El tratamiento es inicialmente médico y la cirugía debe plantearse si hay ausencia de respuesta en 48-72 horas, empeoramiento, progresión de la dilatación, perforación o hemorragia.

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 29 años sin antecedentes médicos que es diagnosticada en urgencias de megacolon tóxico perforado, requiriendo intervención urgente.
Laparoscopic endoluminal resection by transgastric single port of gist tumor
Authors: Licardie Bolaños RE , Suárez Grau JM , Bellido Luque A , Tejada Gómez AJ , Morales Conde S
Published: February 2021

Los tumores gástricos submucosos son infrecuentes, siendo los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) los que se encuentran más habitualmente. Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal representan el dos por ciento de los tumores digestivos.

La resección quirúrgica atípica sin realizar linfadenectomía es la primera opción de tratamiento quirúrgico. Las técnicas mínimamente invasivas, tales como combinar el abordaje transgástrico y endoscópico son útiles en tumores localizados cerca de la unión gastroesofágica, evitando riesgo de estenosis.

Se pretende describir el abordaje quirúrgico de tumores GIST y nuestra experiencia mediante resección transgástrica con puerto único. Asimismo valorar resección oncológica adecuada en los casos (R0) realizados con abordaje transgástrico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con un tumor del estroma gastrointestinal submucoso localizado en cuerpo antro gástrico a quién se realiza resección transgástrica mediante puerto único laparoscópico.

El abordaje laparoscópico transgástrico de estos tumores, con o sin asistencia endoscópica, mantiene los mismos resultados oncológicos que los obtenidos tras cirugía convencional. Los abordajes mínimamente invasivos son una buena alternativa de abordaje a las técnicas tradicionales.
Role of the cholecystostomy in the treatment of acute cholecystitis
Authors: Marenco de la Cuadra B , Sánchez Ramírez M , Retamar Gentil M , Cano Matías A , Pérez Margallo E , Oliva Mompeán F , López Ruiz JA
Published: February 2021

La colecistitis aguda litiásica (CAL) es una de las patología más prevalentes en urgencias. Hoy en día la colecistectomía laparoscópica (CL) temprana, se considera el gold standard para el manejo de pacientes diagnosticados de CAL, ya que se trata de una técnica segura, eficaz y con una estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria corta; sin embargo, el manejo en pacientes de alto riesgo sigue siendo controvertido, ya que la CL en estos pacientes puede suponer una elevada morbimortalidad, motivo por el que la colecistostomía percutánea (CP) puede suponer un tratamiento alternativo a la CL bien como puente a una cirugía diferida, ó como tratamiento definitivo en pacientes seleccionados.
Current techniques in the treatment of the posterior hepatic segments by laparoscopic approach.
Authors: Ciria C , Durán M , Pérez Quintero R , Ayllón MD , Gómez Luque I , Padial A , Briceño J
Published: February 2021

El abordaje laparoscópico de las resecciones hepáticas constituye ya el presente demostrando su menor asociación con complicaciones, pérdida de sangre, transfusiones y estancia hospitalaria. La necesidad de disponer de scores de dificultad estandarizados es un hecho, sobre todo en los procedimientos técnicamente más exigentes y complejos, con el fin de conseguir de una expansión controlada y segura. El abordaje de los segmentos posterosuperiores por vía mínimamente invasiva supone un gran reto para el cirujano hepatobiliar y es debido a esto la existencia de diferentes recomendaciones publicadas sobre el posicionamiento del paciente y disposición de trocares. Aunque el abordaje robótico ofrece grandes ventajas, su introducción en la cirugía hepática y especialmente en el abordaje de los segmentos posterosuperiores está siendo lenta y limitada a ciertos centros con amplia experiencia.
Advantages of the medial approach in the dissection of the splenic angle of the colon
Authors: Moya Forcén P , Rubio F , Ferrer M , Reina A
Published: February 2021

La movilización del ángulo esplénico del colon es considerada una maniobra compleja y de las más desafiantes en la cirugía colorrectal con vía laparoscópica. A pesar de que existen distintas opciones quirúrgicas para llevarla a cabo, el abordaje de medial a lateral debe ser la técnica de elección. A continuación, se presenta la técnica quirúrgica y la ventajas de este abordaje.
Endoscopic repair of inguinal hernia. Learning curve.
Authors: Rivas Becerra J , Turiño Luque JD , Cabello Burgos A , Santoyo Santoyo J
Published: February 2021

La hernia inguinal es una patología muy frecuente a nivel mundial, por lo que su reparación debe ser lo menos dolorosa posible y con la menor tasa de complicaciones.

La cirugía endoscópica de la hernia inguinal aporta todas las ventajas de la cirugía sin tensión, por lo que acelera la reincorporación de los paciente a su vida normal.

Las guías clínicas actualizadas recomiendan la reparación endoscópica de la hernia inguinal siempre que haya suficiente experiencia.

Las técnicas endoscópicas requieren una curva de aprendizaje larga siendo recomendable estar tutorizados y realizar una cirugía sistemática.
Minimal invasive techniques in abdominal wall repair with component separation
Authors: Bellido Luque J , Sánchez Matamoros-Martín I , Oliva Mompeán F , Nogales Muñoz Á
Published: February 2021

La tendencia actual en cirugía mínimamente invasiva de pared abdominal es la reconstrucción completa de la línea media, restituyendo los músculos rectos a su posición original. Si se lleva a cabo dicha reparación musculoaponeurótica, conseguimos diferentes ventajas, una menor incidencia de seromas postoperatorios, de la recurrencia herniaria y una mejora considerable de la dinámica de pared abdominal y de la fuerza contráctil de los músculos rectos; así como de los músculos laterales del abdomen.

El cierre primario del defecto se puede conseguir en defectos menores de 7 cm de ancho sin excesiva tensión. Sin embargo, para conseguir cerrar defectos de línea media por encima de 7-8 cm de ancho, es necesario asociar diferentes técnicas para reaproximar los músculos rectos a la línea media y reconstruir completamente la pared abdominal. Es en estos casos en los que las diferentes técnicas de separación mínimamente invasiva de pared abdominal entran en juego.

La separación anterior endoscópica de componentes, La separación posterior endoscópica y la separación posterior tipo TAR, son alternativas válidas para conseguir el objetivo de reconstruir completamente la pared abdominal con técnicas mínimamente invasivas.
Rectal GIST synchronic to colon adenocarcinoma, an unusual association.
Authors: Alcaide Lucena M , Rubio López J , García Martínez MÁ , Zurita Saavedra MS , González Callejas C , de Castro Monedero P , Mirón Pozo B
Published: February 2021

Alrededor del 13-20% de los pacientes con tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) se han descrito un tumor sincrónico o metacrónico, afectando la mayoría de veces al tracto gastrointestinal. Describimos el caso de un hombre de 81 años derivado a nuestra consulta con clínica de rectorragia y proctalgia, diagnosticado mediante colonoscopia y biopsia informado de adenocarcinoma sigmoide y GIST rectal. El tratamiento que llevamos a cabo combinó resección anterior baja junto a resección de la lesión rectal por vía endoanal. La importancia de este caso reside en la infrecuencia de los GIST de localización rectal (7-11%) cuya asociación sincrónica a adenocarcinoma colorrectal, los hace aún más inusuales.
Repensar al autor en la literatura contemporánea
Authors: Negrete Sandoval Julia E.
Published: February 2021

Entre las muchas perspectivas desde las que se han estudiado la autobiografía y la autoficción, se echa de menos una aproximación teórica que dé cuenta de las dificultades planteadas por uno de sus elementos fundamentales: el autor. Los estudios autoriales recientes destacan la importancia de volver la mirada sobre la instancia autorial a fin de reevaluar los vínculos con su propia obra y el papel que juega en el entramado de las relaciones que esta establece con el contexto. Al dar lugar a autofiguraciones, los géneros autobiográficos problematizan el estatuto del creador y, por lo tanto, lo convierten en el centro del conflicto realidad-ficción, origen de numerosas discusiones. Por esta razón, aquí propongo una reflexión que considera al autor como el indicador principal del carácter referencial adjudicado a ambos géneros, pero también, y por su misma naturaleza inestable y fragmentada, como la fuente de las paradojas que contaminan a la autobiografía y definen a la autoficción.
La estirpe de Calibán
Authors: Pulido Tirado Genara
Published: February 2021

En el presente artículo se estudia un concepto fundamental del pensamiento crítico latinoamericano desde su origen, en Shakespeare, pasando por diversas resemantizaciones a lo largo del tiempo, hasta llegar a la versión anticolonial que se da en el siglo XX. Se analizan diversos autores y teorías para ofrecer una panorámica de la presencia e importancia de tal concepto/personaje/metáfora, así como su doble uso colonial y anticolonial.
Role of tourism industry in generating foreign exchange
Authors: KOVTUNENKO Kseniia , VLAIEVA Alina , KOVALENKO Albina
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The tourism industry affects the development of both individual countries and the world economy as a whole. With the expansion of international trade and other forms of international economic relations, raising the level of culture and education, tourism is developing rapidly. Significant impact on the activities of the tourism sector is caused by exchange rate fluctuations. As the tourism industry cannot adjust the exchange rate on its own, it has to adapt to currency fluctuations. Thus, the role of the tourism industry in the formation of foreign currency is significant, so the question of the impact of the tourism industry on the formation of foreign currency is relevant today.
The purpose of thepaper is to determine the role of the tourism industry in the formation of foreign currency.
Results. International tourism is the most numerous commodity in world foreign trade, and for some countries it is already the most important export sector and foreign exchange earnings. As the world is currently experiencing a global health, social and economic emergency with the COVID-19 pandemic, travel and tourism are among the most affected sectors with local aircraft, closed hotels and travel restrictions in almost all countrieіs. The exchange of foreign currency is associated with the purchase or sale of currency other than their own. The rate at which the currency of one country can be converted into the currency of another country is the unit price in terms of another currency in which the exchange takes place. For the tourism industry, a “strong” currency makes its country less attractive, while travel to countries with a “weak” currency is encouraged. A further fall in the dollar against the euro will mean that Europeans, inspired by the purchasing power of the euro and the low dollar, will be much more likely to visit the United States and countries whose currencies are pegged to the dollar as tourists.
Conclusion. Thus, on the basis of the conducted analysis it is possible to define that really, there is an interdependence of development of tourist branch and formation of foreign currency in the country. Particular attention should be paid to further study of exchange rate changes and their impact on the intensity of tourism development. In countries where the local currency is pegged to the US dollar, the depreciation of the dollar will also depreciate the local currency. Changes in exchange rates affect the level of price competition in countries, as well as the growth rate of national income.
Multicriterial model of increasing the efficiency of high-tech production commercialization tools
Authors: BUTKO Bohdan
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with a multi-criteria model for improving the efficiency of tools for commercialization of high-tech products, based on the application of the expert assessments method. The defined vertical classification of multistage commercialization efficiency calculation of the economic organizations activity is developed on basis of classification of the efficiency estimation optimum criteria of the commercialization tools derived from the high-tech commercialization production mechanism. These evaluation criteria are found functional and are an actual assessment of the economic activity effects, immanent to the nature of the economic organization, namely commercialization, for national economy as a whole and on the economic condition of the studied economic organization in particular. Special attention is paid to the econometric interpretation of the evaluation of effects and criteria for further efficiency improvement, such as determining the optimal system of equations which are substantial to the elaborated model. Despite numerous domestic developments, determining the most optimal criteria for assessing the effectiveness of commercialization of high-tech products remains a promising task. It should be noted that the development of an effective model for improving the effectiveness of tools is derived from certain criteria for evaluating the effectiveness and tools of the commercialization mechanism. Both of these components need further refinement and improvement. The application of a multi-criteria model for efficiency tools improvement is based on the expert assessments method, which is key anti-crisis approach in conditions of uncertainty, when classical prediction modeling of economic processes based only on quantitative assessments is insufficient to accurately assess the impact of purely quantitative assessments. All-in-all, the commercialization of a high-tech product in modern times of the system of international entrepreneurship also counts indirect aspects of the economic activities of organizations, such as environmental, social and marketing activities, etc.
Guía metodológica para la implementación de la administración como estrategia de éxito organizacional
Authors: Numpaque Acosta Waldemar Virgilio
Published: February 2021

El Centro de Emprendimiento de Negocios Agropecuarios Juan de Castellanos CENAP – JDC, elabora este módulo, con el fin de servir como guía de apoyo para las personas que basan su economía, en el sector agropecuario (grandes, medianas y pequeñas empresas), en los distintos municipios del país, la cual se rige por la normatividad colombiana relacionada con la superintendencia de industria y comercio, la normativa establecida por las NIIF, (normas internacionales de información financiera), el orden relacionado con la utilización de las Tic’s, en especial el manejo específico de programas informáticos, con las experiencias de los empresarios y docentes del sector agropecuario.
Política educativa para la primera infancia
Authors: Salazar Jiménez Juan Gabriel
Published: February 2021

El presente módulo es el resultado de la revisión teórica y metodológica de los diferentes documentos que se han producido en materia de la política pública dirigida a la primera infancia en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta su fundamentación y aplicabilidad que nace a partir de su reconocimiento en la Ley 1098 de 2006, artículo 28. Este módulo permite al lector la comprensión y análisis de los diferentes argumentos teóricos, legislativos y pedagógicos, que han posibilitado la construcción y contextualización de la política. La aplicación didáctica del presente texto, está organizada en relación con la secuencia del módulo de la electiva de Políticas Educativas en Primera Infancia, y servirá al estudiante como documento inicial de consulta para contextualizar la información disponible, por lo cual el contenido está directamente relacionado con los textos originales que se nombran.
TD 2612 - Línguas Naturais E Máquinas Artificiais: aplicação de técnicas de mineração de texto para a classificação de sentenças judiciais brasileiras
Authors: Gomes Lucas Moreira , Sá Jader Martins Camboim de , Yaohao Peng
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho investigou o uso de técnicas de inteligência artificial e de mineração de texto para a classificação de sentenças judiciais quanto à procedência do pedido do autor da ação, bem como discutiu potenciais aplicações alternativas no âmbito da formulação e avaliação de políticas públicas. Ademais, o trabalho construiu um levantamento de estudos relativos à jurimetria provenientes da literatura científica especializada e detalhou a operacionalização do tratamento de dados textuais, bem como definindo conceitos e métodos básicos de mineração de texto. Por fim, uma análise empírica de classificação de textos jurídicos em quatro categorias foi executada utilizando-se dados do Tribunal Regional Federal da 2ª região coletados pelo IpeaJus, banco de dados do Ipea sobre o sistema de justiça do Brasil, com os resultados sendo discutidos à luz de diversas métricas quantitativas de avaliação e prospectos de desenvolvimentos futuros em contextos diversos.
TD 2618 - Regime Gerencial e Integridade em Organizações
Authors: Melo Valdir
Published: February 2021

O tipo de regime gerencial dá forma à motivação, às instituições e às vidas internas das organizações; um de seus impactos importantes é facilitar ou dificultar a ocorrência de malfeitos intraorganizacionais.

Em uma alternativa, no regime de comando e controle, a estrutura da organização, particularmente a hierarquia e a disciplina interna, é moldada para preservar e reforçar o poder, o status e o prestígio dos dirigentes. A comunicação organizacional se realiza principalmente em uma direção, de cima para baixo. A gestão se faz por meio de prêmios e castigos.

Em outra alternativa, uma organização tem uma comunidade em seu bojo. No regime multilateral colaborativo, a organização está ciente de sua função social e cuida dos seus membros. Logo, a principal qualidade com que se preocupa é qualidade do tratamento das pessoas. A gestão se faz por meio de qualidade da vida de trabalho, comunicação em mão dupla e hierarquia aplainada. Motivação intrínseca predomina sobre incentivos econômicos.
TD 2624 - Democracia digital: mapeamento de experiências em dados abertos, governo digital e ouvidorias públicas
Authors: Avelino Daniel Pitangueira de , Pompeu João Cláudio , Fonseca Igor Ferraz da
Published: February 2021

Este texto para discussão mostra as principais iniciativas de governo aberto ativas no governo federal no ano de 2019, em uma tentativa de traçar as características do cenário brasileiro de uso da internet e promoção da transparência. Após uma discussão teórica sobre o tema da democracia digital e as suas principais subáreas, este estudo exploratório apresenta as iniciativas da Secretaria de Governo Digital, do Ministério da Economia (SGD/ME); da Ouvidoria-Geral da União (OGU); e da Diretoria de Transparência e Controle Social, da Controladoria-Geral da União (DTC/CGU). Para coletar as informações, foram realizadas entrevistas com dirigentes e técnicos responsáveis por esses temas, seguidas de consulta à documentação por eles mencionada. Em suas conclusões, o estudo aponta os papéis centrais desempenhados por estes órgãos no tema de governo aberto e apresenta algumas hipóteses preliminares a serem desenvolvidas em pesquisas futuras.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EMOTIONS AND PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE OF RECYCLED WATER FOR URBAN RESIDENTS
Authors: Ding Yizhe , Liu Xiaojun
Published: February 2021

Worldwide water scarcity has prompted governments to develop alternative water resources, and public acceptance plays a critical role in the implementation of recycled water projects. The aim of this study was to explore how public acceptance can be affected by people’s emotional responses to recycled water. In study 1, the general population was divided into four groups, clustering analysis with the intensity of various emotions was conducted, and the association between emotions and acceptance was explored. In study 2, the emotions, people’s acceptance, and “objects of care” of water treatment experts were compared with those of members of the general population for further study. We found that the objects of care shortened the psychological distance between individuals and recycled water, which led people to generate specific emotions to recycled water. In a broader context, the study suggested that various emotions motivate people’s behavior to accept or oppose the use of recycled water.
A Program for Multimessenger Standard Siren Cosmology in the Era of LIGO A+, Rubin Observatory, and Beyond
Authors: Chen Hsin-Yu , Cowperthwaite Philip S. , Metzger Brian D. , Berger Edo
Published: February 2021

The most promising variation of the standard siren technique combines gravitational-wave (GW) data for binary neutron star (BNS) mergers with redshift measurements enabled by their electromagnetic (EM) counterparts, to constrain cosmological parameters such as H
0, Ω
m
, and w
0. Here we evaluate the near- and long-term prospects of multimessenger cosmology in the era of future GW observatories: Advanced LIGO Plus (A+, 2025), Voyager-like detectors (2030s), and Cosmic Explorer–like detectors (2035 and beyond). We show that the BNS horizon distance of ≈ 700 Mpc for A+ is well matched to the sensitivity of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (VRO) for kilonova detections. We find that one year of joint A+ and VRO observations will constrain the value of H
0 to percent-level precision, given a small investment of VRO time dedicated to target-of-opportunity GW follow-up. In the Voyager era, the BNS–kilonova observations begin to constrain Ω
m
with an investment of a few percent of VRO time. With the larger BNS horizon distance in the Cosmic Explorer era, on-axis short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and their afterglows (though accompanying only some of the GW-detected mergers) supplant kilonovae as the most promising counterparts for redshift identification. We show that five years of joint observations with Cosmic Explorer–like facilities and a next-generation gamma-ray satellite with localization capabilities similar to that presently possible with Swift could constrain both Ω
m
and w
0 to 15%–20%. We therefore advocate for a robust target-of-opportunity (ToO) program with VRO, and a wide-field gamma-ray satellite with improved sensitivity in the 2030s, to enable standard siren cosmology with next-generation gravitational-wave facilities.
The Parallax of ω Centauri Measured from Gaia EDR3 and a Direct, Geometric Calibration of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch and the Hubble Constant
Authors: Soltis John , Casertano Stefano , Riess Adam G.
Published: February 2021

We use data from the ESA Gaia mission Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) to measure the trigonometric parallax of ω Cen, the first high-precision parallax measurement for the most massive globular cluster in the Milky Way. We use a combination of positional and high-quality proper motion data from EDR3 to identify over 100,000 cluster members, of which 67,000 are in the magnitude and color range where EDR3 parallaxes are best calibrated. We find the estimated parallax to be robust, demonstrating good control of systematics within the color–magnitude diagram of the cluster. We find a parallax for the cluster of 0.191 ± 0.001 (statistical) ±0.004 (systematic) mas (2.2% total uncertainty) corresponding to a distance of 5.24 ± 0.11 kpc. The parallax of ω Cen provides a unique opportunity to directly and geometrically calibrate the luminosity of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) because it is the only cluster with sufficient mass to provide enough red giant stars, more than 100 one magnitude below the tip, for a precise, model-free measurement of the tip. Combined with the preexisting and most widely used measurements of the tip and foreground Milky Way extinction, we find M

I,TRGB =−3.97 ± 0.06 mag for the I-band luminosity of the blue edge. Using the TRGB luminosity calibrated from the Gaia EDR3 parallax of ω Cen to calibrate the luminosity of Type Ia supernovae results in a value for the Hubble constant of H
0 = 72.1 ± 2.0 km s−1 Mpc−1. We make the data for the stars in ω Cen available electronically and encourage independent analyses of the results presented here.
Cosmic Distances Calibrated to 1% Precision with Gaia EDR3 Parallaxes and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of 75 Milky Way Cepheids Confirm Tension with ΛCDM
Authors: Riess Adam G. , Casertano Stefano , Yuan Wenlong , Bowers J. Bradley , Macri Lucas , Zinn Joel C. , Scolnic Dan
Published: February 2021

We present an expanded sample of 75 Milky Way Cepheids with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry and Gaia EDR3 parallaxes, which we use to recalibrate the extragalactic distance ladder and refine the determination of the Hubble constant. All HST observations were obtained with the same instrument (WFC3) and filters (F555W, F814W, F160W) used for imaging of extragalactic Cepheids in Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) hosts. The HST observations used the WFC3 spatial scanning mode to mitigate saturation and reduce pixel-to-pixel calibration errors, reaching a mean photometric error of 5 millimags per observation. We use new Gaia EDR3 parallaxes, greatly improved since DR2, and the period–luminosity (P–L) relation of these Cepheids to simultaneously calibrate the extragalactic distance ladder and to refine the determination of the Gaia EDR3 parallax offset. The resulting geometric calibration of Cepheid luminosities has 1.0% precision, better than any alternative geometric anchor. Applied to the calibration of SNe Ia, it results in a measurement of the Hubble constant of 73.0 ± 1.4 km s−1 Mpc−1, in good agreement with conclusions based on earlier Gaia data releases. We also find the slope of the Cepheid P–L relation in the Milky Way, and the metallicity dependence of its zero-point, to be in good agreement with the mean values derived from other galaxies. In combination with the best complementary sources of Cepheid calibration, we reach 1.8% precision and find H
0 = 73.2 ± 1.3 km s−1 Mpc−1, a 4.2σ difference with the prediction from Planck CMB observations under ΛCDM. We expect to reach ∼1.3% precision in the near term from an expanded sample of ∼40 SNe Ia in Cepheid hosts.
Transverse Loop Oscillations via Vortex Shedding: A Self-oscillating Process
Authors: Karampelas Konstantinos , Van Doorsselaere Tom
Published: February 2021

Identifying the underlying mechanisms behind the excitation of transverse oscillations in coronal loops is essential for their role as diagnostic tools in coronal seismology and their potential use as wave heating mechanisms of the solar corona. In this paper, we explore the concept of these transverse oscillations being excited through a self-sustaining process, caused by Alfvénic vortex shedding from strong background flows interacting with coronal loops. We show for the first time in 3D simulations that vortex shedding can generate transverse oscillations in coronal loops, in the direction perpendicular to the flow due to periodic “pushing” by the vortices. By plotting the power spectral density we identify the excited frequencies of these oscillations. We see that these frequencies are dependent both on the speed of the flow, as well as the characteristics of the oscillating loop. This, in addition to the fact that the background flow is constant and not periodic, makes us treat this as a self-oscillating process. Finally, the amplitudes of the excited oscillations are near constant in amplitude, and are comparable with the observations of decay-less oscillations. This makes the mechanism under consideration a possible interpretation of these undamped waves in coronal loops.
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Algeria: phenotypic and genotypic characterization of clinical isolates
Authors: Benamrouche Nabila , Guettou Badia , Henniche Fatma Zohra , Assaous Farida , Laouar Houcine , Ziane Hanifa , Djennane Fazia , Tiouit Djamal , Bentchouala Chafia , Yamouni Ferroudja , Rahal Kheira , Tali Maamar Hassiba
Published: February 2021

Introduction: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) is a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of our study was to determine the microbiological, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of VREfm isolated in north-central, eastern and western Algeria.

Methodology: a collection of 48 VREfm isolated from September 2010 to April 2017 in several Algerian hospitals were studied. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by E-test method according to CLSI guidelines. the detection of van genotype of all strains was performed by PCR. Clonal relationship of five VREfm targeted by region were characterized using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Results: All isolates have multidrug-resistance (MDR) and were resistant to at least five classes of antibiotics; however, all were susceptible to tigecycline and daptomycin with MIC50 at 0.094 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL respectively. All strains belonged to vanA genotype and have high level of resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin. MLST revealed two sequence types (STs): ST80 (from the four regions of Algeria) and ST789, both belonging to the former hospital-adapted clonal complex CC17.

Conclusions: the alarming dissemination of MDR E. faecium vanA and the ST80 in several regions of Algeria suggest a clonal spread of VREfm strains, which urgently require implementation of adequate infection control measures.
Malaria epidemic in humanitarian crisis settings the case of South Kordofan state, Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Nouh S , Ali Yousif , Muneer Mohamed S , Siddig Emmanuel E , Sibley Carol H , Ahmed Ayman
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Malaria remains one of the most common public health problems worldwide, especially in Sudan. With this short communication we aimed at reporting on the latest malaria epidemic that had occurred in the humanitarian settings in South Kordofan state, south-western Sudan, during 2018 and 2019.

Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study analyzing malaria surveillance reports between February 2018 to September 2019. Malaria was reported from febrile patients with confirmed malaria diagnosis using Giemsa stain. According to age, patients were distributed across three categories: less than 5 years, 5 to 15 years, and more than 15 years.

Results: In 2019 and 2018, 63,214 and 63,224 cases of malaria were reported, respectively, constituting around 5.5% of the state population (1,152,900). In 2018, 3,571 malaria cases were reported in February, then they decreased in August followed by increase in September-October. In 2019, 15,610 malaria cases were reported in September. Malaria cases aged less than 5 years were 21,848 and 23,561 cases in 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Conclusions: The reported sudden epidemic of malaria is alarming. Therefore, identifying the risk factors associated with this epidemic is crucial to malaria prevention and control, and hence successful achievement of malaria elimination.
Detection of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in a public healthcare center from Venezuela
Authors: Gomez-Gamboa Liliana , Perozo-Mena Armindo , Bermudez-Gonzalez Jose , Villavicencio Christty , Villasmil Jessica , Ginestre Messaria M , Velasquez Jesvy
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The dramatic increase in the prevalence and clinical impact of infections caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Bacteria in the nosocomial setting in Latin America represents an emerging challenge to public health. The present study detected carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in patients from a Hospital from Venezuela, by phenotypic and genotypic methods.

Methodology: The bacterial identification was carried out using conventional methods. The resistance to carbapenems was performed by Kirby-Baüer disk diffusion method, according to CLSI recommendations. The modified Hodge Test, double-disk with phenylboronic acid, double-disk with EDTA and Blue Carba Test were performed to detect phenotypic carbapenemase producers. The carbapenemase-encoding genes blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-3, blaOXA-15 and blaOXA-21 were determined.

Results: The bacterial species identified were Klebsiella pneumoniae complex (181), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (51), and Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (119). KPC-type was detected in 40.17% of isolates and VIM-type in 14.53%. KPC-type gene was only identified in K. pneumoniae isolates (77.9%). VIM-type gene was identified in P. aeruginosa (86.27%) and K. pneumoniae isolates (3.87%). There was not detection of IMP-type and OXA-type genes.

Conclusions: We found a predominance of K. pneumoniae KPC producers and a high rate of VIM-producing P. aeruginosa. The epidemiology of CPB in Venezuela is rapidly evolving, and enhanced surveillance and reporting are needed across the healthcare continuum.
Taxonomic note of Parnassia (Celastraceae) in China II: population surveys reveal that P. guilinensis is conspecific to P. xinganensis
Authors: Dai Xiao-Song , Min Dao-Zhang , Yang Bo , Wu Ding , Li Bo
Published: February 2021

Based on investigation of populations of Parnassia guilinensis and P. xinganensis, examination of herbarium specimens (including types), as well as consultation of protologues and distributions, P. guilinensis is hereby reduced to a synonym of P. xinganensis. P. xinganensis is endemic to northeastern Guangxi Province of China and characterized by having elliptic to ovate leaves and staminodes 3–5-branched with globose glands. Field photographs and an updated morphological description of P. xinganensis are provided.
The taxonomic status of Myotis nesopolus larensis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) and new insights on the diversity of Caribbean Myotis
Authors: Novaes Roberto Leonan M. , Cláudio Vinícius C. , Larsen Roxanne J. , Wilson Don E. , Weksler Marcelo , Moratelli Ricardo
Published: February 2021

Myotis nesopoluscurrently comprises two subspecies. The nominate subspecies (M. n. nesopolus) occurs on the Caribbean islands of Curaçao and Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, whereasM. n. larensisis known from mainland South America in northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. Our Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome-b gene sequences recoveredM. nesopolusas a paraphyletic group, withM. n. nesopolusandM. n. larensisas non-sister lineages. The haplotype network indicates that these two subspecies do not share any haplotypes and are in different evolutionary trajectories. Additionally, these two subspecies can be distinguished on the basis of qualitative and quantitative morphological traits. This pattern supports the recognition ofM. nesopolusandM. larensisas full species. Our results also reveal that the assemblage of CaribbeanMyotisdo not form a monophyletic group. Caribbean species are phylogenetically close to mainland species from northern South America and Central America, suggesting that colonization of Caribbean islands happened multiple times.
JOTSE's evolution
Authors: Amante García Beatriz , Martínez Martínez María
Published: February 2021

We present the first editorial of the year in JOTSE. As usual, this first editorial presents an analysis of our Journal evolution. In this sense, we reflect on the changes just undergone in 2020 with an international pandemic "covid-19" and the challenges to be faced in the New Year 2021.