bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The nutritional value of grasshoppers and locusts: A review
Authors: Ahmed Ibrar , İnal Fatma
Published: August 2024

Alternative protein source discovery is one of the main objectives of all researchers in the nutrition field because the world population is increasing rapidly. Insects are currently on top of the list of alternative protein sources. Grasshoppers and locusts meals are from that category. Grasshoppers and locusts, commonly consumed in insect-eating communities, are among the most promising insects as food and feed. Therefore, this review aims to summarize available data on their nutritional composition including crude fibre (2.5-17.7%), chitin (4-11%), crude ash (1.8-6.7%), crude protein (16.6-77.3%), crude fat (2.6-54.9%), and energy (157-527 kcal/g) of grasshoppers varying between these ranges. The essential amino acids (AA) profile reflects methionine (0.9-3.9%), lysine (2.9-7.1%), threonine (1.6-5.3%), leucine (4.6-12.7%), tryptophan (0.4-3.2%), and valine (4.1-0.2%). The fatty acids (FA) profile is oleic acid (3.4-40.9%), linoleic acid (0.8-45.6%), linolenic acid (1.4-13.1%), and lauric acid (0.3-1.3%). The polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) (17.5-67.4%) and saturated FA (SFA) (22.1-56.8%) are present in the range quoted in brackets. The PUFA content richness is beneficial for human consumption. The huge diversity in the chemical composition of grasshoppers is mainly due to the substrate chemical composition on which grasshoppers propagate. Some allergic reactions have been reported in the literature, but the removal of wings, legs, and antennae overcame the allergenicity problem. In conclusion, this review summarizes the nutritional composition of grasshoppers and locusts in scientific literature.
Physicochemical, sensory and antimicrobial properties of the ice cream containing lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oil
Authors: Ürkek Bayram , Aktaş Haktan , Öztuğ Miraç Özer , Yeniçeri Esra , Öztuğ Pınar
Published: August 2024

In this study, lavender essential oil (LEO) was added to ice creams as ingredient at 0, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1% ratios. Some physicochemical, viscosity, rheological, colorimetric, sensory properties, and pathogen inhibition, including L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 and S. aureus ATCC 29213, of the ice cream samples with the LEO were investigated. It was determined that the melting rate of the ice creams with the LEO was lower (P<0.05) and the overrun values were higher (P<0.05) than the control sample. The highest L* and a* values were determined in the control samples and the sample with 0.1% LEO, respectively. While C* value of the sample with 0.02% LEO was higher than the other samples (P<0.05), the highest white index (WI) value was determined in the control and the sample with 0.01% LEO. The sample containing 0.01% LEO had the highest viscosity values at 20 and 50 rpm. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference in the consistency coefficients of the samples (P>0.05) and all samples had pseudolplastic flow. The control sample had the highest sensory score, followed by the sample with 0.02% LEO. It was determined that the LEO addition only had a decreasing effect on the count of S. aureus ATCC 29213.
Perspectives in the beekeeping value chain: innovation and development in the northern region of Colombia
Authors: Leones-Cerpa Jalelys L. , Cuenca Quicazán Martha , Restrepo Juan F. , Velandia Katherine , Sánchez-Tuirán Eduardo , Ojeda Karina A.
Published: August 2024

Colombia and its regions have abundant botanical wealth and climatic conditions suitable for the development of beekeeping. The Caribbean region is promoting the practice of beekeeping as an activity with benefits to ecosystems, human health, and socioeconomic positioning. The objective of this research is to determine the state of beekeeping in the Colombian Caribbean region and the areas where it is necessary to make improvement actions. The methodology was carried out following bibliographic reviews in databases and government reports, and the surveys were applied through Google Forms. The main results showed the need for more regulations in beekeeping and derived products, the low development of value-added products in the Caribbean region, as well as few technologies for the management of apiaries and the genetic manipulation of bees. The surveys of beekeepers corroborated their perception of some of the areas in which the beekeeping sector requires research and development.
Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio as a new biomarker in Tuberculosis inflammation
Authors: Pătrîntașu Dariana Elena , Hédi-Katalin Sárközi , Rența Ionuț Alexandru , Prădatu Ana Maria , Lupușor Eugeniu , Demenciuc Nicolae , Mărginean Corina , Ianoși Edith Simona , Budin Corina Eugenia
Published: August 2024

Neutrophil counts and, especially, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) seem to be a reliable biomarker to distinguish an active tuberculosis (TB) from a latent one or a pulmonary tuberculosis from a bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. In conditions of systemic inflammation, the rise in neutrophil count occurs due to reduced apoptosis of these cells. Consequently, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio increases, which correlates with elevated mortality rates. We conducted a retrospective study and we included 105 patients with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis who have been continuously admitted to the Pneumology/TB Department. The NLR average value was 6,92 and we observed increased values in patients with cachexia as comorbidities associated. Smoking status was another item that elevated NLR levels. Ratio value at discharge was lower than the NLR value at admission. The age group over 65 had the highest values. NLR has proven to be a valuable prognostic tool, correlating independently with mortality in various diseases like tuberculosis, pneumonia, COVID-19, and cancer.
Evaluation of different scoring systems for repeating Transarterial Chemoembolization in Egyptian patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alhaddad Omkolsoum , Gomaa Asmaa , Shamandy Merhan El , Kohla Mohamed , Edrees Ahmed , Ashour Reham
Published: August 2024

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) have a diverse range of outcomes due to their high degree of heterogeneity. Therefore, different predictive scoring systems have been created to assist in decision-making regarding retreatment with TACE. We compared the predictive capabilities of different scoring systems, such as ART, ABCR, and SNACOR, for prediction of the outcome of subsequent TACE in HCC patients.

Method

In this retrospective study, the three scoring systems were compared for their capability of predicting the outcome of repeating TACE in 149 HCC patients treated at the National Liver Institute, Egypt, between January 2017 and December 2019. We used the likelihood ratio to select the model with the highest predictive capability for overall survival (OS).

Results

According to our data, the amount of tumor, the change in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage following TACE, and the SNACOR score (with a 95% confidence range for HR 1.0305-1.256 and p-value = 0.0106) were the most predictive variables. It was also shown that the ABCR score was a good predictor of survival (90 patients had an ABCR score ≤ 0 with a P- value <0.0001, 56 patients had 0 < ABCR < 4 with a P-value <0.0001, and the ART score was not useful in predicting OS (P-value = 0.18).

Conclusion

The SNACOR score is the most predictive score for OS and would be the most helpful scoring system in decision-making regarding retreatment with TACE.
Perbandingan Biaya Dan Waktu Pekerjaan Pelat Lantai Konvensional Dan Pelat Lantai Floordeck Pada Proyek Pusdalops Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Qadri Nuzul , Nurisra Nurisra , Mahmuddin Mahmuddin , Malahayati Nurul
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih mempermudah manusia dalam melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Pelat lantai merupakan pekerjaan kontruksi yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam pembuatannya karena memiliki volume yang besar dibandingkan pekerjaan lain. Dengan adanya inovasi baru untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantititas kerja salah satunya adalah dengan mengganti cara konvensional menjadi modern dengan menggunakan floordeck sebagai besi tulangan positif dan bekisting kayu pada metode konvensional. Lokasi penelitian pada Jalan Tgk Direuleung No 3, Kecamatan Ulee Kareng, Kota Banda Aceh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui besarnya perbandingan biaya dan lamanya waktu pada metode pelat lantai konvensional dan pelat lantai floordeck dengan objek penelitian gedung Pusdalops kota Banda Aceh menggunakan pelat konvensional dalam perencanaanya. Data primer diperoleh dari perusahaan penyedia floordeck  dan wiremesh, data sekunder dalam penelitian ini adalah gambar shop drawing bangunan, rencana anggaran biaya, time schedule. Data kemudian diolah mengggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan biaya pelat konvensional di dapatkan dengar harga Rp.338.385.235,40 sedangkan harga pelat lantai floordeck Rp.238.498.045,10 dengan selisih harga Rp.99.887.190,30 atau lebih murah 30 % dari pekerjaan pelat konvensional. Untuk durasi pekerjaan pelat konvensional membutuhkan waktu 51 hari sedangkan pelat floordeck membutuhkan waktu 12 hari dalam pekerjaanya dengan selisih waktu 39 hari lebih cepat untuk pelat floordeck.
Позиция США и их тихоокеанских союзников по отношению к Тайваньскому вопросу
Authors: СУН Цивэнь , ЗОЛОТУХИН Иван Николаевич
Published: August 2024

The article examines the attitude of the United States and its Pacific allies toward Taipei at the present stage, paying special attention to the Taiwan issue. An analysis of recent actions by various parties shows that the attitudes of the U.S., Japanese, South Korean, Australian, and Philippine authorities toward the Taiwan issue are not the same. The United States continues to arm its allies to enable them to further drain China's power and stall its development in a possible future conflict. But America's allies also have their own considerations and will agree to some extent with Washington, but not to the extent that they will compromise their own interests and meet American expectations.
Динамика развития конфликтного потенциала и трансформация среды безопасности в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе
Authors: ЗОЛОТУХИН Иван Николаевич
Published: August 2024

The article reviews the book "Asia-Pacific regional security assessment 2023. Key developments and trends". The work reflects various scenarios for the development of the events related to the security issues and outlines their probable negative consequences for peace and prosperity in the region.
Становление местного самоуправления во Владивостоке в начале 1990-х гг.: анализ предложений и попыток их воплощения
Authors: ВОРОНЦОВ Николай Степанович
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the proposals of the Vladivostok City Council of People's Deputies on the formation of institutions of local self-government in the period 1990–1991, including territorial public self-government. On the basis of archival materials, projects for the creation of new city bodies of representative and executive power, plans for the establishment of the post of mayor of Vladivostok and the organization of citywide elections have been studied. The reasons that thwarted the implementation of the proposed model of urban self-government are identified.
Исторический опыт становления и развития марикультуры в Корее
Authors: МИХАЙЛОВА Александра Артемовна , ТОЛСТОКУЛАКОВ Игорь Анатольевич
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the development of mariculture in Korea. The study provides a comparative analysis of various approaches to the disclosure of the essence of the term mariculture. The theory of ancient aquaculture was considered. The origin and evolution of Korean mariculture technologies were studied. The author comes to the conclusion that the origin of mariculture on the Korean peninsula occurred during the XV-XVII century. with the beginning of the development of red algae (Porphyra) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas).
Knowledge, attitude, and traditional practices towards epilepsy among relatives of patients with epilepsy
Authors: Alburaidi Ibrahim , Alshahrani Mohammed , Alkhalifah Abdulrahman , Alqahtani Rawan , Altamimi Atheer
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices of relatives of epileptic patients towards epilepsy at an outpatient clinic in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 180 relatives of epileptic patients. Data were collected through an 18-item questionnaire covering social and demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards epilepsy, and traditional and alternative medicine practices.
Results: The majority of participants (83.3%) demonstrated adequate knowledge and attitude towards epilepsy. However, 16.7% exhibited inadequate knowledge, particularly regarding the necessity of lifelong treatment for epilepsy. Participants showed high awareness of common seizure symptoms and correct management practices but held some misconceptions, such as the belief in the evil eye as a cause of seizures and the practice of placing objects in the mouth during a seizure. Demographic factors such as education level, number of children, income, and employment status did not significantly influence knowledge levels (p-value = >0.05).
Conclusion: While the relatives of epileptic patients at PSMMC generally possess a strong understanding of epilepsy, significant gaps, and misconceptions remain. These findings highlighted the need for targeted, culturally sensitive educational interventions to improve epilepsy management and support. Addressing these knowledge gaps can reduce stigma and enhance the quality of life for individuals with epilepsy and their families.
Analysing the Social Impacts of Urbanization on Traditional and Contemporary Trading Environments: The Case of Bahrain
Authors: Saleh Alalawi Noor , Elghonaimy Islam
Published: August 2024

The trade sector is among the top four growing sectors contributing to Bahrain’s GDP. Despite the successful impact of trade on the local economy, there is an apparent disconnect between individuals engaged in trading activities and their physical urban spaces, posing a significant threat to preserving Bahrain’s vibrant social trading culture. The research hypothesis is that effective urban design can significantly improve trading activities in the old city of Manama. Consequently, the research aims to define the role of physical urban design in influencing trade, outline the social impacts of urbanization on traditional and contemporary trading environments, and identify urban principles that affect the physical act of trade. The methodology follows a theoretical study that considers the history of urbanization and its contemporary theories, the impacts of urbanization, and the trading development impacts of urbanization on trading environments in Bahrain. An analytical study is then adopted to analyse the problem, using the “fishbone diagram”, questionnaires and photographic analysis of the area. The findings highlight the importance of utilizing outdoor space, diverse building typologies, organic circulation routes, spatial layout, interior design, landscaping, adaptable design, interaction spaces and intimate spaces within the design of traditional and contemporary trading environments. The research concludes with recommendations to sustainably revive the trading streets in Bahrain. The results provide valuable insights for stakeholders, such as Bahrain Authority for Culture and Antiquities, and those working in architecture, urban and interior design, to reignite informal social trading experiences from the past.
Cryptocurrency decision analysis as an instrument in modern financial markets through investment intention
Authors: Marheni Dewi Khornida , Jenny Jenny , Agustin Isnaini Nuzula
Published: August 2024

Technological developments are increasing rapidly. This encourages increase the number of investors, especially in cryptocurrency. Investment decision considerations are influenced by investor behavior, including attitude, subjective norms, herd behavior, overconfidence, perceived risk, financial literacy, and investment intention. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors of financial behavior that influence investment decisions. The sampling technique used is snowball sampling by distributing questionnaires to Indonesian investors who are currently/already using cryptocurrency. Data was analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The samples used as test material were 274 respondents who are currently or have used cryptocurrency. The results state that attitude, overconfidence, financial literacy, and investment intentions have a significant influence on investment decision variables. Future research is expected to be able to add other variables. The object of research used by the author is only in the territory of Indonesia. Therefore, the authors suggest that it can expand the object of research so that it can strengthen the results of the research. Most of the previous studies used quantitative methods in obtaining data. Thus, future research is expected to be able to expand the object of research so that it can strengthen the results of the research and use mixed methods, quantitative and qualitative methods (interviews and questionnaires).
Do shopping anxiety and data leakage risks matter to e-commerce customers? Evidence from the largest economy in Southeast Asia
Authors: Sutarso Yudi , Suminar Bagus , Maschudah Ilfitriah Aniek
Published: August 2024

Shopping anxiety and data leakage risk are issues in e-commerce in Indonesia, where the House of Representatives issued the Personal Data Protection Law in 2022, which regulates personal data protection.    This study explores the effects of shopping anxiety, data leakage risk, e-service quality, and attitude on intention to reuse e-commerce.  An electronic survey was employed to collect data, and the population is customers who’ve made purchasing activities on Shopee.  This study used purposive sampling to select respondents by the criteria such as customers at least six months as customers, aged 17 and over, and having purchased at least once in the last month.  Questionnaires were distributed to 435 users, where respondents’ answers were based on a seven-point Likert scale, and the data analysis was carried out using PLS-SEM. The findings indicated that e-service quality positively influences attitudes and intention to reuse e-commerce but negatively affects shopping anxiety and data leakage risk.  Moreover, shopping anxiety and data leakage risk moderate the relationship between e-service quality and intention to reuse e-commerce, and gender moderates the relationship between shopping anxiety and intention to reuse e-commerce. Furthermore, the results raise awareness among e-commerce managers and policymakers about the negative impact of shopping anxiety and data leakage risk in e-commerce consumers.
Analisa Potensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin di Area Persawahan Desa Bader
Authors: Sya'ar Dian , Sunaryantiningsih Ina , Susilo Dody
Published: August 2024

Pada saat ini, Indonesia tengah mengalami kekurangan energi listrik, dikarenakan kebutuhan energi listrik yang begitu besar akibat adanya pertumbuhan industri dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi angin di Area Persawahan Desa Bader sebagai energi listrik alternatif konsumsi listrik di daerah sekitar Desa Bader. Energi baru terbarukan ini dapat mengurangi pembangkit listrik yang memanfaatkan bahan bakar fosil. Maka dari itu mengharuskan pembangunan energi listrik baru terbarukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik yang semakin meningkat. Metode penelitian ini yang digunakan yaitu survey dan pengukuran dengan alat. Pengukuran kecepatan angin di lakukan secara langsung di Area Persawahan Desa Bader dalam kurun waktu 7 hari selama 24 jam menggunakan Anemometer sebagai alat pengambilan data kecepatan angin. Pengukuran kecepatan angin di lakukan pada 3 titik acuan. Berdasarkan perhitungan hasil bahwa Area Persawahan Desa Bader memiliki rata rata kecepatan angin maskimal 6,7 m/s pada titik acuan 1 tanggal 1 juli 2023. Dan dari hasil analisa data data betul, bahwa Area Persawahan Desa Bader mampu menghasilkan energi listrik maksimal 10968,32 Watt Dalam 1 Hari. Maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa Area Persawahan Desa Bader baik untuk pembangunan pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu (PLTB).

Kata kunci: Anemometer; Kawasan Persawahan Desa Bader; PLTB
Tsunaiyyah al-Lughah wa izdiwaj al-Lisan fi al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah
Authors: Ii Rahmanudin
Published: August 2024

This study will examine bilingualism, the difficulty of Arabic bilingualism, and how these issues arise when classical and informal languages are used by different people in different nations and civilizations. The researcher expanded the problem of bilingualism as a result of the substitutions and linguistic variations that existed between them. In descriptive investigations, scientists adopt a qualitative methodology. According to the findings of this study, bilingualism between classical and colloquial languages is a significant issue because the distinction between cultural, intellectual, social, economic, educational, political, and national life is made by the deviation of classical language and its replacement in everyday language. Because both are virtues, kindly make the Central Arabian people.
فعالية الطريقة المباشرة لترقية الرغبة في تعلم اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع في مدرسة الجهاد الدينية التكميلية الأولية بباكنبارو
Authors: Darmawan Hary , Supriady Harif , Alfitri
Published: August 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد فعالية الطريقة المباشرة لترقية الرغبة في تعلم اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع في المدرسة الدينية التعليمية الأولية الجهاد بيكانبارو. هذا البحث هو بحث كمي من النوع التجريبي. وبلغ مجتمع هذا البحث 16 طالبة و16 طالبة كعينات. استخدمت تقنية جمع البيانات في هذا البحث الاختبار والتوثيق. أظهرت نتائج هذا البحث أن: 1) بناء على نتائج اختبار T المزدوجة، كانت نتيجة الاختبار القبلي 95.12 بينما كانت نتيجة الاختبار البعدي 107.25. لذالك شهدت الفرق بين قبل الطريقة المباشرة وبعد الطريقة المباشرة زيادة كبيرة قدرها 12.12. تم التوصل إلى أن الطريقة المباشرة كانت فعالة لترقية الرغبة في تعلم اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع في المدرسة الدينية التعليمية الأولية الجهاد بيكانبارو. 2) نتيجة حساب قيمة sig. (2-tailed) 0.001 < 0.05. بناء على هذه البيانات، هناك اختلافات كبيرة معروفة. يمكن استنتاج أن Ho تم رفضه وتم قبول Ha أو تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة فعالة لترقية الرغبة في تعلم اللغة العربية لدى طالبات الصف الرابع في المدرسة الدينية التعليمية الأولية الجهاد بيكانبارو.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE APPLICATION METHOD LIQUID AND SOLID COMPLEX FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND SEED PRODUCTIVITY POTATOES OF THE INNOVATOR VARIETY
Authors: Акопджанян Э.Т. , Титова В.И.
Published: August 2024

Установлено, что локальное внесение ЖКУ 11:37 в сравнении со сплошным его распределением в почве достоверно повышает клубнеобразование до 7,1 шт/куст, а внесение аммофоса локально показывает положительное влияние на образование клубней. Использование аммофоса сплошным или локальным способом приводит к образованию более крупных клубней. Максимальную урожайность картофеля 33,2 т/га обеспечивает локальное внесение жидкого комплексного азотно-фосфорного удобрения по фону полного минерального удобрения – N50Р50K250 + N15Р53.

It was found that the local application of liquid complex fertilizer 11:37 in comparison with its continuous distribution in the soil signifi- cantly increases tuber formation to 7.1 tubers/plant, and the application of ammophos locally shows a tendency of a positive effect on tu- ber formation. The use of ammophos in a continuous or local way results in the formation of larger tubers. The maximum yield of potatoes of 33.2 t/ha is provided by the local application of liquid complex nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer against the background of full mineral fertilizer – N50P50K250 + N15P53.
Model Information Management System for the Provision of Legal Services for Both Single and Multiple Information Streams
Authors: Лавлинский В.В.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена результатам исследования моделей управления информационной системой оказания юридических услуг для одного или нескольких информационных потоков. Исследования посвящены динамическим моделям управления информационной системой оказания юридических услуг для одного или нескольких информационных потоков, где под потоками понимается взаимосвязь необходимой информации, поступающей независимо друг от друга при решении задач в ходе принятия юристом (информационной системой) конкретного решения. В данной статье приводятся однозвенная, двухзвенная и трехзвенная модели управления информационной системой оказания юридических услуг применительно к использованию одного, двух и трех одновременных потоков информации в ходе принятия решения юристом (информационной системой).

The article is devoted to the results of the study of management models of information system of legal services for one or more information flows. The research is devoted to dynamic models of management of information system of legal services for one or more information flows, where the flow refers to the relationship of the necessary information coming independently from each other in solving problems in the course of making a lawyer (information system) specific decisions. This article presents a single-link, two-link and three-link management model of the information system of legal services in relation to the use of one, two and three simultaneous flows of information in the course of decision-making by a lawyer (information system).
The Method of Automated Programming of PLCs Using the SimInTech Dynamic Modeling System
Authors: Холопов В.А. , Макаров М.А. , Колонутов Д.В. , Володина А.М.
Published: August 2024

В работе рассматривается метод автоматизированного программирования ПЛК с использованием системы динамического моделирования SimInTech, позволяющий снизить время написания и подготовки кода для промышленного контроллера, а также обеспечить соответствие программного решения с результатами моделирования. Приводится пример моделирования пневматического цилиндра и его работы. Показан процесс генерации кода программы управления посредством «Кодогенаратора Си» SimInTech. Сделаны выводы о возможностях программирования ПЛК с использованием систем динамического моделирования.

The paper discusses the method of automated programming of PLC using the SimInTech dynamic modeling system, which allows to reduce the time of writing and preparing code for an industrial controller, as well as to ensure compliance of the software solution with the simulation results. An example of modeling a pneumatic cylinder and its operation is given. The process of generating the code of the control program by means of the SimInTech «C Code generator» is shown. Conclusions are made about the possibilities of PLC programming using dynamic modeling systems.
EXCHANGE RATE SYSTEM OF THE AIRCRAFT
Authors: Скуднева О.В.
Published: August 2024

В статье показано назначение курсовых систем, являющихся основой автономной навигации пассажирской и транспортной авиации, а также беспилотных летательных аппаратов. Курсовые системы с датчиками авиагоризонта определяют пространственную ориентацию летательного аппарата (ЛА) и входят вместе с датчиками скорости, высоты полета и аппаратурой радиосвязи в состав обязательного оборудования, которое должно функционировать на борту ЛА от взлета до посадки с обеспечением требований по безопасности. Выдаваемые курсовой системой параметры – гиромагнитный, гирополукомпасный и истинный курс – обеспечивают навигацию ЛА. Дана краткая характеристика магнитного поля Земли, рассмотрено формирование гиромагнитного курса на основе измерения двух горизонтальных составляющих магнитного поля Земли и взаимодействия с высокоточным гироскопом направления в любых условиях полета. Приведены структурная и функциональная схемы современной курсовой системы – «Гиромагнитный компас ГМК-Стриж». Рассмотрена работа канала магнитного курса, канала формирования магнитной коррекции с устройствами магнитной и горизонтальной коррекции, и канала формирования гирополукомпасного курса, используемого в данной курсовой системе. Приведены основные технические характеристики курсовой системы ГМК-Стриж. Материалы статьи предназначены для разработки методического пособия по ознакомлению студентов с работой реальных курсовых систем, а также могут быть полезны для разработчиков и специалистов по эксплуатации навигационно-пилотажного оборудования летательных аппаратов.

The article shows the assignment of exchange rate systems, which are the basis of Autonomous navigation of passenger and transport aircraft, and unmanned aerial vehicles. Exchange rate system with the sensors of the attitude indicator to determine the spatial orientation of the aircraft (LA) and are along with sensors such as speed, altitude, and a radio communication network a part of obligatory equipment which must operate in the aircraft from takeoff to landing, ensuring safety requirements. Issued exchange rate system options – gyromagnetic, gyrofrequency and true heading – provide navigation LA. Brief characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field, considered the formation of the gyromagnetic rate based on the measurement of the two horizontal components of Earth’s magnetic field and interaction with high-precision gyro direction in all flight conditions. Given the structural and functional scheme of the modern exchange rate system «Gyromagnetic compass GMK swift». The work channel of the magnetic heading channel of formation of the magnetic correction devices magnetic and horizontal KORREKCII, and channel formation pyropolymer rate used in this course system. The technical data course system GMK swift. The article is intended for the development of manuals for training of students with the work of the real exchange rate systems and can also be useful to developers and maintainers of navigation and flight equipment of the aircraft.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LOSSLESS REMOTE SENSING DATA COMPRESSION USING THE HDF5 LIBRARY
Authors: Талалаев А.А. , Хачумов В.М.
Published: August 2024

Исследование посвящено проблеме сжатия без потерь данных дистанционного зондирования Земли. Сжатие необходимо выполнять непосредственно на борту космических аппаратов для быстрой передачи данных по каналам связи и на наземных станциях для компактного хранения больших объемов информации. Выполненный анализ показывает, что в настоящее время ведутся активные исследования в этой прикладной области и проблема продолжает оставаться актуальной. Выполнено экспериментальное исследование и приведены сравнительные результаты тестирования алгоритмов сжатия данных без потерь, представленных в библиотеке HDF5. Разработан и протестирован модуль компрессии данных на основе библиотеки PPMd, использующий режим многопоточной обработки. Приведен краткий обзор работ по тематике исследования. Показано, что результаты, полученные разными алгоритмами, в целом остаются на одном качественном уровне. Выбор конкретного алгоритма может определяться особенностями аппаратного обеспечения, ограничениями по времени и предпочтениями разработчиков.

The study is devoted to the problem of lossless compression of Earth remote sensing data. Compression should be performed directly on board for fast data transfer via communication channels and at ground stations for compact storage of large amounts of information. The performed analysis shows that active research is under way in this application area and the problem continues to be relevant. An experimental study was performed and comparative results of HDF5 library lossless data compression algorithms testing are presented. A parallel data compression module based on the PPMd library was developed and tested using the multithreaded environment. A brief overview of the work on the subject of the study is given. It is shown that the results obtained by different algorithms remain generally on the same qualitative level. The choice of a specific algorithm can be determined by the features of the hardware, time constraints and preferences of developers.
TECHNIQUE OF THE CHOICE OF THE KEY DESIGN PARAMETERS OF THE PERSPECTIVE LOW-ORBITAL SMALL SPACECRAFT OF REMOTE SENSING OF EARTH
Authors: Мосин Д.А. , Северенко А.В. , Уртминцев И.А.
Published: August 2024

В статье предложена методика выбора основных проектных параметров малого космического аппарата, относящаяся к классу задач дискретной комбинаторики. Рассмотрены требования, определяющие облик малого космического аппарата. Определены основные проектные параметры, которые в наибольшей степени определяют проектный облик малого космического аппарата и гарантируют выполнение целевых функций. Предложено решение задачи выбора целевой аппаратуры и бортовых обеспечивающих систем минимальной массы малого космического аппарата.

In article the technique of the choice of the key design parameters of the small spacecraft belonging to the class of problems of discrete combination theory is offered. The requirements defining shape of the small spacecraft are considered. The key design parameters most of which define design shape of the small spacecraft are determined and guarantee performance of criterion functions. The solution of a problem of the choice of the target equipment and the onboard providing systems of the minimum mass of the small spacecraft is proposed.
GEOECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL-SOCIAL-PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF THE NOGINSK DISTRICT OF THE MOSCOW REGION
Authors: Родионов С.С. , Иванов Н.Ю.
Published: August 2024

Доля заболеваемости городских жителей экологически обусловленными заболеваниями преобладает над долей заболеваемости сельских жителей региона в природно-социально-производственных системах. Уровень госпитализации в крайних возрастных группах (1…18 и старше 65…75 лет) можно считать как показатели экологического состояния окружающей среды. Преобладающими болезнями являются болезни органов дыхания и систем кровообращения.

The share of the morbidity of urban dwellers from ecologically caused diseases prevails over the share of morbidity of rural residents of the region in natural-social-production systems. The hospitalization rate in the extreme age groups (1…18 and over 65…75 and years old) can be considered as indicators of the ecological state of the environment. The predominant diseases are diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems.
ON POSSIBLE MODELS OF MINING-ALTERED SUBSOIL LIKE ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECT IN THE NATURAL-TECHNICAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Галченко Ю.П.
Published: August 2024

Развитие современной технократической цивилизации опирается на сырьевые и энергетические ресурсы, извлекаемые из литосферы нашей планеты. Поэтому переход общества на концепцию устойчивого развития потребует качественного изменения технологической основы развития минерально-сырьевого комплекса, особенно в области преодоления неизбежных экологических последствий этого развития. Первым шагом в этом направлении является выдвинутая и разработанная в ИПКОН РАН гипотеза о техногенно измененных недрах, как новом литосферном и экологическом объекте, формирование и развитие которого в процессе добычи полезных ископаемых полностью определяет величину и характер экологических нагрузок на все геосферы нашей планеты и её биосферу. Предложена физико-техническая модель техногенно изменённых недр, описывающая механизмы техногенного вторжения. На основании современных представлений о развитии процессов релаксации избыточных напряжений в сплошной среде с разномасштабными неоднородностями были рассмотрены и установлены условия воспроизводства устойчивых динамических структур за счет управления релаксационными процессами на внешнем контуре техногенных новообразований в литосфере. Результаты этих исследований могут стать основой для разработки принципиально новых геотехнологий с управляемым внешним воздействием.

The development of modern technocratic civilization is based on raw materials and energy resources extracted from the lithosphere of our planet. Therefore, the transition of society to the concept of sustainable development will require a qualitative change in the technological basis for the development of mineral resources, especially in the field of overcoming the inevitable environmental consequences of this development. The first step in this direction is put forward and developed in IPKON RAS the hypothesis of anthropogenic altered interior, as new lithospheric and environmental object, the formation and development of which in the process of mineral production completely determines the magnitude and nature of environmental loads on all Geosphere of our planet and its biosphere. Proposed physical and technical model of mining-altered subsoil, describing the mechanisms of anthropogenic invasion. On the basis of modern ideas about the development of the processes of relaxation of excess stresses in a continuous medium with different scale inhomogeneities, the conditions for the reproduction of stable dynamic structures due to the control of relaxation processes on the external circuit of technogenic tumors in the lithosphere were considered and established. The results of these studies can become the basis for the development of fundamentally new geotechnologies with controlled external influence.
ANOMALOUS NEUTRINO RADIO ISOTOPE (ANRI) ABSORPTION: MECHANICAL COMPONENT (MS)
Authors: ХАВРОШКИН О.Б. , ЦЫПЛАКОВ В.В.
Published: August 2024

Существование АНРИ поглощения как нового эффекта, возникающего при взаимодействии нейтринного потока с радиоактивным веществом, впервые было зарегистрировано по радиационному отклику и подтверждено изменением теплового потока. До этого при исследовании взаимодействия потока нейтрино с обычным веществом использовались опто и радио - химические методы регистрации, работающие с точечным, событийным проявлением процесса, при котором ожидать появление механической составляющей процесса было нереально. Масштабное увеличение сечения захвата (около 30 порядков) нейтрино при АНРИ – эффекте делает проявление механической составляющей (МС) при взаимодействии потока нейтрино с радиоизотопами и неизбежным и доступным для изучения современными средствами, в том числе и мониторингом параметров других процессов. Предлагаемая работа и посвящена краткому обзору современному наблюдению и изучению МС. Более того интерес к МС взаимодействующего нейтринного потока при работе с АНРИ – эффектом возник не сразу, но со временем получает всё больше внимания: его роль в измерениях параметров потока, локации движения космических станций уже в настоящее время требует исследования и учёта. Этому и посвящается новый эксперимент уже с классическими прецизионными весами.

The existence of ANRI absorption as a new effect arising from the interaction of a neutrino flux with a radioactive substance was first recorded from the radiation response and confirmed by a change in the heat flux. Prior to that, when studying the interaction of a neutrino flux with ordinary matter, opto and radiochemical methods of registration were used, working with a point, eventful manifestation of the process, in which it was unrealistic to expect the appearance of a mechanical component of the process. The large-scale increase in the neutrino capture cross section (about 30 orders of magnitude) in the ANRI effect makes the manifestation of the mechanical component (MS) in the interaction of a neutrino flux with radioisotopes inevitable and accessible for study by modern means, including monitoring the parameters of other processes. The proposed work is devoted to a brief review of modern observation and study of MS. Moreover, interest in the MS of an interacting neutrino flux when working with ANRI - the effect did not appear immediately, but over time it receives more and more attention: its role in measuring the parameters of the flux and locating the movement of space stations already requires research and accounting. This is what the new experiment is dedicated to, already with a classic precision balance.
PROBABLE MICROBIOLOGICAL ORIGIN OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN POLYMETALLIC NODULES ON THE OCEAN FLOOR
Authors: АНДРИАНОВ Б.А.
Published: August 2024

Предложена гипотеза формирования полиметаллических конкреций на океанском дне в результате деятельности бактерий, инициирующих низкоэнергетические реакции ядерного синтеза (LENR). Известно, что морская вода, донные осадки и взвеси содержат Na, Cl, Ca, K, Mg, Li, Al, Si, B, P, F, S. Показаны пути образования из этого набора элементов не только железа и марганца, но также титана, кобальта, никеля, цинка, меди, хрома, ванадия, молибдена, галлия, германия, селена, брома, циркония, стронция, иттрия, ниобия, индия, олова, сурьмы, вольфрама, гафния, рения, серебра, палладия, родия, кадмия, скандия, теллура, бария, лантана, церия, неодима и самария. Образование перечисленных элементов происходит при активном участии бактерий в результате экзотермических LENR, преимущественно с захватом электронов с внутренней атомной оболочки без дополнительных внешних затрат энергии, образования радиоактивных продуктов и испускания каких-либо жёстких излучений. Это позволяет естественно объяснить появление в конкрециях стабильных изотопов многих элементов, которые там действительно содержатся.

A hypothesis is put forward explaining chemical elements origin in polymetallic nodules on the ocean bottom as a result of bacteria activity initiating low energy nuclear fusion reactions (LENR). As is known, sea water, bottom deposits and suspensions contain Na, Cl, Ca, K, Mg, Li, Al, Si, B, P, F, S. From this set of elements the formation ways are shown not only for iron and manganese, but also for Ti, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, V, Mo, Ga, Ge, Se, Br, Zr, Sr, Y, Nb, In, Sn, Sb, W, Hf, Re, Ag, Pd, Rh, Cd, Sc, Te, La, Ce, Nd, Sm. The origin of listed elements occurs with the active bacteria participation as a result of heat-generating LENR mainly by electron capture from inner atomic layers without additional external expenditure of energy, any radioactive materials and hard radiation. This allows us to naturally explain the emergence in nodules of stable isotopes of many elements which are really present there.
EVOLUTION OF THE RESERVOIR TEMPERATURE SIGNAL IN THE GAS FLOW IN THE WELL
Authors: АХМЕТОВА О.В. , ЗЕЛЕНОВА М.А. , ХАБИБОВ Р.Э.
Published: August 2024

Показано, что получение аналитических зависимостей для температурного поля при турбулентном течении газа в скважине приводит к задаче сопряжения, содержащей переменные коэффициенты, обусловленные сжимаемостью флюида и зависимостью скорости и теплопроводности газа от расстояния до стенки скважины. Описан способ решения и представлены аналитические выражения для температурного поля восходящего турбулентного газового потока в скважине с учетом зависимостей плотности, скорости и теплопроводности от пространственных координат в нулевом асимптотическом приближении. Выявлены особенности полученного решения. Осуществлены расчеты пространственно-временных зависимостей температуры в скважине. Построенные графические зависимости позволяют судить об изменениях температуры флюида вдоль ствола скважины с течением времени, что составляет основу интерпретации термограмм газовых скважин.

It is shown that the determination of the temperature field in a turbulent gas flow in a well leads to a conjugation problem containing variable coefficients due to the compressibility of the fluid and the dependence of the velocity and thermal conductivity of the gas on the distance to the borehole wall. A method for solving is described and analytical expressions are presented for the temperature field of an ascending turbulent gas flow in a well, taking into account the dependences of density, velocity and thermal conductivity on spatial coordinates in the zero asymptotic approximation. The features of the obtained solution are determined. Calculations of space-time dependences of temperature in the well have been carried out. The plotted graphical dependencies make it possible to judge the changes in fluid temperature along the wellbore over time, which is the basis for the interpretation of gas well thermograms.
THE CENTURY OF THE METHOD: FROM TALGENISM TO MODERN CONNECTIVISM OF MASS OPEN ONLINE COURSES (cMOOC)
Authors: Бaбаева М.А. , Голубев Е.Б.
Published: August 2024

Показано, что современный коннективизм массовых открытых онлайн курсов (МООК) имеет российские корни. Сто лет назад, в 1918 году в России известный педагог А.Г. Ривин впервые реализовал идею коллективного взаимообучения (без компьютеров и без сети интернет). Этот метод, названный Ривиным «талгенизм» (от слов «талант», «гений»), опирался на «диалогическое общение» в динамических парах и позволял достичь невероятных результатов в совместном обучении людей разного возраста и разного уровня подготовки. Каждый обучающийся имел возможность побывать в роли как учителя, так и ученика, двигаясь в процессе обучения по индивидуальной траектории и в своем темпе. Схожие идеи, но уже в современную эпоху цифровых технологий, привели к созданию в 2008 году первых МООК (сMOOC) как новой формы открытого образования. Приведены сведения о начальном этапе использования метода коллективного взаимообучения в России, прослежены исторические вехи его развития в нашей стране, рассмотрены вопросы реализации метода на каждом историческом этапе. Выделены принципиальные особенности организации коллективного обучения по методу Ривина и в МООК (cMOOC), показана их идентичность. Затронуты вопросы использования и перспективы применения МООК в российских и зарубежных университетах.

It is shown that the modern connotation of mass open online courses (MOOС) has Russian roots. A hundred years ago, in 1918 in Russia, the well-known teacher A.G. Rivin first realized the idea of collective learning (without computers and without the Internet). This method, called Rivin «talgenism» (from the words «talent», «genius»), relied on «dialogic communication» in dynamic pairs and allowed to achieve incredible results in the joint training of people of different ages and different levels of training. Each student had the opportunity to visit the role of both teacher and student, moving in the process of learning on an individual trajectory and at his own pace. Similar ideas, but already in the modern era of digital technologies, led to the creation in 2008 of the first MOOС (cMOOC) as a new form of open education. Information on the initial stage of the use of the method of collective mutual learning in Russia is given, historical milestones of its development are traced in our country, questions of method implementation at each historical stage are considered. The principal features of the organization of collective learning by the method of Rivin and in the MOOС (cMOOC) are singled out, their identity is shown. The issues of use and prospects of application of MOOC in Russian and foreign universities are touched upon.