bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF WELDED JOINTS
Authors: MHETRE RAJLAXMI N. , JADHAV S.G.
Published: January 2021

Fusion welding is one of the most used methods for joining metals. This method has largely been developed by experiments, i.e. trial and error. The problem of distortion and residual stresses of a structure is due to welding is important to control. Industry where the components are expensive and safety and quality are highly important issues. The aim of the work presented in this paper is to develop an efficient and reliable method for simulation of the welding process using the Finite Element Method. The method may then be used when designing and planning the manufacturer of a component, so that introduction of new components can be made with as little disturbance as possible. When creating a numerical model, the aim is to implement the physical behavior of the process into the model. However, it may be necessary to compromise between accuracy of the model and the required computational time. Different types of simplifications of the problem and more efficient computation methods are discussed. Simulations have been carried out in order to validate the models. Moving heat source and element death & birth technique is used to simulate Welding Process.
AN APPROACH TO IMAGE COMPRESSION AND ENCRYPTION
Authors: RAZZAQUE ABDUL , THAKUR NILESHSINGH V.
Published: January 2021

Image compression scheme proposed by researchers have no consideration of security. Similarly image encryption scheme proposed by the authors have no consideration of image size. In this paper a simultaneous image compression and encryption scheme is discussed. The order of the two processes viz. compression and encryption is EC i.e. image encryption is performed first then the image compression is applied. For image encryption a symmetric key cryptography multiplicative cipher is used. Similarly for compression Discrete Cosine Transform is used. Image Compression is concerned with minimizing the number of bit required to represent an image. The compression can be lossless or lossy. Image Encryption is hiding image from unauthorized access with the help of secret key that key can be private or public.
Mediating Effect of Authenticity and Emotional Dissonance between
Emotional Work Strategies and Burnout
Authors: Mehta Poonam
Published: January 2021

Purpose- In the service industry, soft skills are considered as a key skill which involves
continuous interpersonal interactions. These interpersonal interactions induce the employees to modify their real emotions with the adoption of surface acting and deep acting strategy which further leads to burnout. The present study is aimed to identify the relationship between acting strategies and burnout. Further, the study has also investigated the mediating role of emotional dissonance and authenticity at workplace between surface acting and burnout and deep acting and burnout respectively.
Design/Methodology/Approach - The study has been conducted on employees of Civil
Aviation Industry of North India working on different frontline profiles. Data has been
collected from 600 employees through a pretested questionnaire. For testing the hypothesis, Hayes Process mediation model has been applied.
Findings- Findings have revealed that emotional work in both forms of strategies are
significantly and positively related to burnout however deep acting is relatively weakly
associated with burnout. Further, emotional dissonance has been identified as a significant mediator between surface acting and burnout with full mediation effect. Similarly, authenticity at workplace has been identified as a significant mediator with a partial mediation effect between deep acting and burnout.
Practical/Research Implications- The study has implicated for organisations which are
engaged in emotional work to encourage deep acting emotional work through various
interventions in the form of training programmes.
Originality/Value- The study has empirically explored the reason behind the relative
differences of effect of surface acting strategy and deep acting strategy on burnout which has not been done earlier in Indian emotional work settings.
Pandemics and Firms
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Miryugin Fedor
Published: January 2021

The global economy is in the midst of an unprecedented slump caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. To assess the likely evolution of nonfinancial corporate performance going forward, this paper investigates empirically the impact of past pandemics using firm-level data on more than 537,000 companies from 14 developing countries during the period 1998–2018. The analysis indicates that the prevalence of infectious diseases has an economically and statistically significant negative effect on nonfinancial corporate performance. This adverse impact is particularly pronounced on smaller and younger firms, compared to larger and more established corporations. We also find that a higher number of infectious-disease cases in population increases the probability of failure among nonfinancial firms, particularly for small and young firms. In the case of COVID-19, the magnitude of these effects will be much greater, given the unprecedented scale of the outbreak and strict policy responses to contain its spread.
Leverage Shocks
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Miryugin Fedor
Published: January 2021

The global economy is in the midst of an unprecedented slump caused by the coronavirus pandemic. This systemic risk like no other at a time of record-breaking debt levels, especially among nonfinancial firms across the world, could exacerbate corporate vulnerabilities, deepen macro-financial instability, and cause long-lasting damage to economic potential. Using data on more than 2.8 million nonfinancial firms from 52 countries during the period 1997–2018, we develop a two-pronged approach to investigate the relationship between corporate leverage and fixed investment spending. The empirical analysis, robust to a battery of sensitivity checks, confirm corporate leverage is highly vulnerable to disruptions in profitability and cash flow at the firm level and economic growth at the aggregate level. These findings imply that corporate debt overhang could become a strenuous burden on nonfinancial firms, especially if the COVID-19 pandemic lingers and global downturn becomes protracted.
Supply Spillovers During the Pandemic
Authors: Cerdeiro Diego , Komaromi Andras
Published: January 2021

World trade contracted dramatically during the global economic crisis induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Disruptions in international supply chains were widely reported as governments imposed containment measures (lockdowns) to halt the spread of the disease. At the same time, demand declined as households and firms scaled back spending. This paper attempts to disentangle the supply and demand channels in trade by quantifying the causal effect of supply spillovers from lockdowns. We utilize a novel dataset of daily bilateral seaborne trade, and design a shift-share identification strategy that leverages geography-induced cargo delivery lags to track the transmission of supply disruptions across space. We find strong but short-lived supply spillovers of lockdowns through international trade. Moreover, the evidence is suggestive of the downstream propagation of countries’ lockdowns through global supply chains.
Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Essential oils and TheirEmerging Role in Food Sector
Authors: Dushyant Singh Amita Gaurav Dimri
Published: January 2021

Abstract-Foodpreservativesareusedtoincrease the shelf life of food and to maintain the quality for longer time. Natural methods of preservationusuallyaimtoexcludeair,moisture, and microorganisms, or to provide environments in which organisms that might 25cause spoilage cannot survive. In the last scenario, no herbal Ayurvedic preservative had been considered with respect to the use of chemical preservative. Increasing demands for naturalandpreservativefreecompoundspromoted an idea of the replacementof synthetic preservatives withessential oilshaving antimicrobial properties.Essentialoilsfrommedicinalplantsarepotentialsourceofnovelantimicrobialcompounds especially against food spoilage pathogens. The aim of this project was to compare the antimicrobial activity of essential oils collected from Lemongrass (Cymbopoga ncitratus), Clove (Syzygiumaromaticum) and Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) against food spoilage organisms.In this study the essential oil of Lemongrass, Clove and Tulsi were investigated for its activity against Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Gram positive bacteriaMicrococcusluteus, Staphylococcus aureus andBacillus cereus, yeast Candida albicans and fungusAspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum and Penicilliumfuniculosumusingagarwelldiffusion method. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition. The oils at 30% concentration completely/partially inhibited the growth of foodspoilagepathogens.Thestrongestinhibition activity was observed in Lemongrass oil against all the test organisms; thus it was found more effective as compared to Clove oil and Tulsi oil.The successful effectiveness of Lemongrass oil could also play a major role in replacing the chemical preservative. Keywords: Ocimum, Teniflorum, Lemon grass and Cymbopogon citratus
Evaluation of Toxicity and Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Flowers of Moringa Oleifera Against Dexamethasone Induced Hyperglycemia in Albino WistarRats
Authors: Neha Jain Sourabh Jain
Published: January 2021

Abstract-Diabetes is a defect in the ability of the body to convert glucose (sugar) to energy. Glucose is the main source of energy in our body. When food is digested it is metabolized into fats, proteins, or carbohydrates. Glucose is then transferred to the blood and is used by the cells for energy production. To investigate the antidiabetic effect ethanolic extracts of flowers of Moringa oleifera against dexamethasone induced insulin resistance in wistar albino rats. To study the antidiabetic effect, flowers ofMoringaoleiferawerecollectedandauthenticated, extracted and investigated for acute toxicity and dexamethasone induced hyperglcemia. The animals treated with EEMOF at a dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg prevented the development ofhyperglycemia,hypercholesteremiaandhypertriglyceridemia in dexamethasone induced insulin resistance models. Oral administration of Moringa Oleifera 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg reduces serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterols and LDLconcentration and improve the concentration of HDLin dexamethasone administered rats. The lignin Moringa Oleifera showed significant anti-diabetic effect in rats after oral administration. The present study demonstrated that Moringa Oleifera could be useful in Management of diabetes associated with abnormalities in lipid profiles. Further study need to isolate, identify the active compounds and find out thepossiblemechanismofactions.
Investigation of Characteristics landfill leachate using Large Scale Lysimeter under Anaerobic Conditions
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq., Q Esraa Shehab , B Zainab Mohammed, , Y Mohammed Fattah ,   Civil Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: January 2021

Landfill behavior is dependent on the composition and characteristics of the region’s municipal solid waste (MSW) and environment conditions. In landfills that are difficult to understand, MSW undergoes several complex mechanisms such as physical, chemical, thermal and biological processes throughout its lifespan. In the present research, by setting up an anaerobic reactor, an attempt was made to understand such complex processes. The reactor was monitored for a total of 270 days under laboratory conditions, and the results obtained from the experimental program are presented and discussed in this paper. The program involves the monitoring by laboratory experiments of moisture content, pH, temperature, as well as physic-chemical characteristics of the leachate samples. The pH values observed were in the 5.8-7.9 range and indicate the achievement of the optimal condition for MSW degradation. MSW’s average volumetric moisture content and temperature were 53.03% percent and 30.7 Crespectively, indicating favorable conditions for microorganism growth. The results described in this paper could potentially be used in landfills to predict MSW behavior. The research also allows planners and engineers to consider the complex mechanisms for planning and running landfills efficiently for sustainable waste management.
Catachillay
Authors: Zuidenza R. T.
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo, describe el Coricancha y  analiza  la información calendarista sobre las Pléyades y el comienzo del año Incaico. Asimismo el sistema del ceque y la toponimia Inca se utilizan para argumentar el alineamiento astronómico del Coricancha.
Historical and future contributions of inland waters to the Congo Basin carbon balance
Authors: Hastie Adam , Lauerwald Ronny , Ciais Philippe , Papa Fabrice , Regnier Pierre
Published: January 2021

Abstract. As the second largest area of contiguous tropical rainforest and second
largest river basin in the world, the Congo Basin has a significant role to
play in the global carbon (C) cycle. For the present day, it has been shown
that a significant proportion of global terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) is transferred laterally to the land–ocean aquatic continuum (LOAC) as dissolved CO2, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and particulate organic carbon (POC). Whilst the importance of LOAC fluxes in the Congo Basin has been demonstrated for the present day, it is not known to what extent these fluxes have been perturbed historically, how they are likely to change under future climate change and land use scenarios, and in turn what impact these changes might have on the overall C cycle of the basin. Here we apply the ORCHILEAK model to the Congo Basin and estimate that 4 % of terrestrial NPP (NPP = 5800±166 Tg C yr−1) is currently exported from soils and vegetation to inland waters. Further, our results suggest that aquatic C fluxes may have undergone considerable perturbation since 1861 to
the present day, with aquatic CO2 evasion and C export to the coast increasing by 26 % (186±41 to 235±54 Tg C yr−1) and 25 % (12±3 to 15±4 Tg C yr−1), respectively, largely because of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Moreover, under climate scenario RCP6.0 we predict that this perturbation could continue; over the full simulation period (1861–2099), we estimate that aquatic CO2 evasion and C export to the coast could increase by 79 % and 67 %, respectively. Finally, we show that the proportion of terrestrial NPP lost to the LOAC could increase from approximately 3 % to 5 % from 1861–2099 as a result of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate change. However, our future projections of the Congo Basin C fluxes in particular need to be interpreted with some caution due to model limitations. We discuss these limitations, including the wider challenges associated with applying the current generation of land surface models which ignore nutrient dynamics to make future projections of the tropical C cycle, along with potential next steps.
Intercomparison of freshwater fluxes over ocean and investigations into water budget closure
Authors: Gutenstein Marloes , Fennig Karsten , Schröder Marc , Trent Tim , Bakan Stephan , Roberts J. Brent , Robertson Franklin R.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The development of algorithms for the retrieval of water cycle components from
satellite data – such as total column water vapor content (TCWV), precipitation
(P), latent heat flux, and evaporation (E) – has seen much progress in the
past 3 decades. In the present study, we compare six recent
satellite-based retrieval algorithms and ERA5 (the European Centre for
Medium-Range Weather Forecasts' fifth reanalysis) freshwater flux (E−P)
data regarding global and regional, seasonal and interannual variation to
assess the degree of correspondence among them. The compared data sets are
recent, freely available, and documented climate data records (CDRs), developed
with a focus on stability and homogeneity of the time series, as opposed to
instantaneous accuracy. One main finding of our study is the agreement of global ocean means of all
E−P data sets within the uncertainty ranges of satellite-based
data. Regionally, however, significant differences are found among the
satellite data and with ERA5. Regression analyses of regional monthly means of
E, P, and E−P against the statistical median of the satellite data
ensemble (SEM) show that, despite substantial differences in global E
patterns, deviations among E−P data are dominated by differences in P
throughout the globe. E−P differences among data sets are spatially
inhomogeneous. We observe that for ERA5 long-term global E−P is very close to
0 mm d−1 and that
there is good agreement between land and ocean mean E−P, vertically
integrated moisture flux divergence (VIMD), and global TCWV tendency. The fact
that E and P are balanced globally provides an opportunity to investigate
the consistency between E and P data sets. Over ocean, P (nearly)
balances with E if the net transport of water vapor from ocean to land
(approximated by over-ocean VIMD, i.e., ∇⋅(vq)ocean) is
taken into account. On a monthly timescale, linear regression of
Eocean-∇⋅(vq)ocean with Pocean
yields R2=0.86 for ERA5, but smaller R2 values are found for satellite data
sets. Global yearly climatological totals of water cycle components (E, P,
E−P, and net transport from ocean to land and vice versa) calculated
from the data sets used in this study are in agreement with previous studies,
with ERA5 E and P occupying the upper part of the range. Over ocean, both
the spread among satellite-based E and the difference between two
satellite-based P data sets are greater than E−P, and these remain the
largest sources of uncertainty within the observed global water budget. We conclude that, for a better understanding of the global water budget, the
quality of E and P data sets needs to be improved, and the uncertainties
more rigorously quantified.
Medical Library Association Diversity and Inclusion Task Force Report
Authors: Morgan-Daniel Jane , Goodman Xan Y. , Franklin Sandra G. , Bartley Kelsa , Noe Matthew Nicholas , Pionke JJ
Published: January 2021

The Medical Library Association (MLA) appointed a Diversity and Inclusion Task Force (DITF) in 2017. Sandra G. Franklin, AHIP, FMLA, chaired the task force and guided initiatives. From 2017 to 2020, the task force completed a review of MLA defining documents—including the mission, vision, values, and code of ethics—resulting in language updates to these documents. As MLA transitioned through the communities process, the DITF contributed to the transition. Other recommended essential changes to MLA profiles to promote awareness included updating pronouns to promote gender inclusivity and suggestions for the Annual Meeting Innovation Task Force. DITF members actively brought diversity and inclusion programming and engagement to MLA members at annual meetings. The task force held a fish bowl conversation, an open forum, and a Diversity Dialogues roundtable discussion; provided interactive discussion boards; and designed an MLA diversity button. Beyond MLA annual meetings, the task force hosted two critical librarianship meetings and a Twitter chat to engage MLA members with diversity and inclusion topics. Task force members promoted diversity and inclusion beyond their task force appointments with presentations at chapter meetings and other non-DITF MLA annual meeting programming. A notable task force accomplishment included completing a survey of MLA members to gather baseline demographic characteristics, including never before collected data about disability, socioeconomics, and caregiver status. This report provides an overview of DITF activities from 2017 to 2020.
The move to open: medical library leadership in scholarly communication
Authors: Shaffer Chris
Published: January 2021

Over the years, health sciences librarians have been change agents, leading the charge on issues of importance to the profession and the communities we serve. From its founding in 1898 with the Exchange, the Medical Library Association (MLA) has been dedicated to improving access to health information. In 2003, the Board of Directors published a statement supporting open access to information generated from federally funded scientific and medical research and maintained that having access to timely, relevant, and accurate information is vital to the health of the nation and its education and research programs. At some financial risk, the association made the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) open access and published the entire archive of JMLA and its predecessor, the Bulletin of the Medical Library Association, in PubMed Central. Nearly two decades later, the promise of open access and open science finally seems to be coming to fruition. In the 2020 Janet Doe Lecture, Chris Shaffer, AHIP, described the ways that MLA has led the profession, standing behind a shared vision and “walking the walk.” In challenging listeners to embrace open science, he affirmed that, as leaders in improving access to health sciences information since 1898, medical librarians must work in the open science arena to realize our vision “that quality information is essential for improved health.”
The Engaged Health Sciences Library Liaison
Authors: Barr Angela
Published: January 2021

The Engaged Health Sciences Library Liaison assembles case studies from US and Canadian academic and medical institutions that highlight the unique yet diverse roles and responsibilities of a health sciences library liaison.
Tableau (version 2020.3)
Authors: Beard Lynly , Aghassibake Negeen
Published: January 2021

This review analyzes the new features in Tableau and how it can be used both by librarians and the patrons they serve.
Tracking cliff activity based on multi temporal digital terrain models – an example from the southern Baltic Sea coast
Authors: Uścinowicz Grzegorz , Szarafin Tomasz , Jurys Leszek
Published: January 2021

A multi-temporal digital terrain models [DTM] study of a coastal cliff section at Kaszuby Coast (northern Poland) is presented in this paper. The analytical study was based on five LiDAR-derived DTM acquired between 2010 and 2016. The main idea was to compare changes year by year or every two years (depending on the available material). The DTM were analysed using various geoprocessing techniques, and as a result the map of slope and the gradient of maximum changes in z-value were prepared. The analysis of the temporal variations of these parameters were also prepared and allowed to visualize and track the landslides that occurred within the cliff. What is more, the areas of sediment increasement and decreasement, as well as the average rates of vertical displacement within the landslides and sediment balance on the beach were estimated. The studies allowed also to discuss the interrelation between the mass wasting processes and the protective infrastructure on the seashore. The information gathered allows us to find the mechanisms and development of landslides on the steep cliff coast.
Heavy metals contamination of the sediments of the south-eastern Baltic Sea: the impact of economic development
Authors: Krek Alexander , Danchenkov Aleksandr , Ulyanova Marina , Ryabchuk Darya
Published: January 2021

The scope of the study was to assess the impact of potential sources of Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, and Cr on bottom sediments of the Russian sector of the south-eastern Baltic Sea. A total of 68 samples were taken and analyzed for grain-size (laser diffraction and sieve method) and heavy metal concentration (atomic absorption spectroscopy method). To avoid the influence of the sorption capacity of the fine-grained sediments to accumulate the pollutants, the normalization of the heavy metal concentration to Fe was applied. The environmental indices (contamination factor and modified degree of contamination) were calculated. The research has shown the contribution of oil platform, pipelines, ports and wastewater treatment facilities on the geochemical composition of bottom sediments. The authors have identified the level of heavy metals contamination of the middle parts of the Curonian and Vistula spits as a result of alongshore transport of pollutants.
Seismic shocks, periglacial conditions and glaciotectonics as causes of the deformation of a Pleistocene meandering river succession in central Lithuania
Authors: Pisarska-Jamroży Małgorzata , Belzyt Szymon , Bitinas Albertas , Jusienė Asta , Woronko Barbara
Published: January 2021

An extraordinary variation of plastic and brittle deformation structures with periglacial, glaciotectonic and seismic features was observed within the unconsolidated, upper Pleistocene meandering river succession in the Slinkis outcrop in central Lithuania. Among these deformations, the following structures were described: (1) ice-wedge casts in the lower part of the sedimentary succession, linked to periglacial processes, (2) soft-sediment deformation structures, such as load structures (load casts, pseudonodules), flame structures and water/sediment-escape structures, all trapped in clearly defined layers in the upper part of the sedimentary succession, which are related to the propagation of seismic waves, and (3) faults occurring throughout the sedimentary succession, which are associated with glaciotectonic processes. To our knowledge, this is the first description and analysis of the combined presence of such a diverse range of deformation features caused by three trigger mechanisms in a meandering fluvial sedimentary succession.
Disturbances in the primary stratigraphy of lake sediments on the Murmansk coast (Russia): their identification and relationship with catastrophic events
Authors: Nikolaeva Svetlana , Tolstobrov Dmitriy , Tolstobrova Alena
Published: January 2021

The results of lithological, diatom analysis and radiocarbon dating of bottom sediments of small coastal lake basins along the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea (the Kola Region, Russia) are presented. Sedimentary successions of two lakes reveal the presence of distinctive deposits, very different from the sediment above and below. These deposits are represented by erosional unconformity beds, gyttja and sand mixed with plant macrofossils, and characterized by changes in diatom flora and sand in a matrix of organic material. The sediments were deposited due to different catastrophic events: paleo-tsunami and paleo-earthquakes. According to radiocarbon analysis data, a tsunami occurred between 10,400–8200 cal yr BP and a paleo-earthquake occurred between 8200–7200 cal yr BP. We discuss various causes and mechanisms for the formation of disturbances in lake sediments, including the Storrega tsunami and paleo-earthquakes, which during and after deglaciation were strong and frequent.
Seasonal variability in the supply of dissolved matter to catchments of basins without outlets in northern Poland, measured by selected physiochemical indicators
Authors: Cieśliński Roman , Major Maciej , Pietruszyński Łukasz
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is to determine the seasonal variability in the size of dissolved matter supplied to selected kettle ponds located in the glacial areas of northern Poland, using selected physicochemical indicators. The study area consisted of the drainage basin of the Parsęta River and a small catchment of the Borucinka River that flows across the Kaszubskie Lake District in northern Poland. Measurements of pH, electrolytic conductivity, oxygenation, and water temperature were performed in the field. The concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, NH4+, NO3-, PO43- was measured in the laboratory. Also, the atmospheric precipitation was determined using automatic precipitation stations. Climate conditions served as the primary determinants of seasonal change in the supply of dissolved matter to basins without outlets in the drainage basin. This is especially true of atmospheric precipitation and the effects of vegetation in the contact zone between precipitation and the biosphere. In the case of biogenic substances, one of the main factors was the length of the vegetation season. The main determinant of the hydrochemical state of kettle ponds was land use.
Adding another piece to NE European Aeolian Sand Belt puzzles: a sedimentary age case study of Pērtupe site, eastern Latvia
Authors: Kalińska Edyta , Kot Rafał , Krievāns Māris
Published: January 2021

The NE European Sand Belt spreads over three Baltic States and consists of dunefields usually lying directly atop former glacial lakes. Some of these dunefields have so far been investigated in terms of their sediment properties and chronology. Nevertheless, there is a limited number of profiles where both glaciolacustrine and aeolian sediments co-occur and thus provide a unique environmental record where wet and dry conditions alternate. In this study, we investigated the Pērtupe profile, eastern Latvia, that represents sediment transition from glaciolacustrine silt to aeolian sand and along with a few known profiles helps to distinguish three sediment units as glaciolacustrine, transitional, and aeolian. This is most likely typical of the sediments of the NE European Sand Belt. A microstudy of sediments revealed that both aeolian and periglacial conditions alternated. However, this seems to be better expressed through prevalence of weathered quartz grains with some fracturing in the transitional unit. Aeolian deposition did take place in drier conditions, but micaceous interlayers argue for occasional watertable-controlled events.

This study provides one more support regarding a start of aeolian deposition at ca. 11.3 ka in the NE European Sand Belt, which took place instantly after deglaciation rather than after a few-thousand-year hiatus. Enhanced aeolian activity is known from the region at a similar time frame, but mostly as its maximum or termination, meaning that aeolian activity must had been asynchronous.
Environmental factors affecting recent benthic foraminiferal distribution in the south-eastern Baltic Sea
Authors: Ponomarenko Ekaterina , Krechik Viktor , Dorokhova Evgenia
Published: January 2021

The Baltic Sea is characterized by a restricted exchange of deep waters due to permanent stratification of the water column. The aim of the present study is to investigate the distribution of benthic foraminifera in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea in relation to environmental parameters. The distribution of benthic foraminifera was analyzed in 26 surface sediment samples collected in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea and in the Bornholm Basin during springtime and wintertime 2016. Foraminiferal diversity in the studied region was extremely low. Agglutinated specimens dominated the assemblages and were represented by small-sized individuals which belong to Psammosphaera, Pseudothurammina, Saccammina, and Reophax genera. Calcareous foraminifera were dominated by Cribroelphidium genus. Micropaleontological data were compared to the environmental parameters characterizing bottom water (temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen content) and substrate conditions (grain size composition and total organic carbon content). Higher foraminiferal concentrations and diversity were found in deeper parts of the study region where fine-grained sediments with a higher total organic carbon content were accumulated under stable hydrographical conditions. Calcareous tests were found only at the stations with elevated salinity, indicating that bottom water salinity is the main factor limiting the distribution of calcareous foraminifera. On the other hand, substrate parameters and hydrodynamic conditions appear to play a major role in the distribution of agglutinated foraminifera.
Till macro- and microfabrics of mega-scale glacial lineations of Mūša–Nemunėlis Lowland, north Lithuania
Authors: Baltrūnas Valentinas , Karmaza Bronislavas , Katinas Valentas , Pukelytė Violeta , Karmazienė Danguolė , Lozovskis Saulius
Published: January 2021

North Lithuania was chosen for a study of the “drumlinised” morainic surface produced during the Last Glaciation, typified as well-expressed mega-scale glacial lineations (MGSLs). The goal pursued in the present study was to investigate the morphology and macro- and microfabrics of some large glacial lineations to substantiate their formation mechanism. The geological structure of Quaternary strata of an area and the erosion depression of sub-Quaternary surface suggest favourable conditions for the glacier to rapidly fluctuate into the area during deglaciation of Late Glaciation. Investigations of Pleistocene tills observed in the MSGLs of the area preserved on the eastern and western margins of the study area show that these deposits are formed from the upper part of the Baltija Subformation – Middle Lithuanian till. According to two sets of grain sizes, MSGL tills are often notable for increased values of relative entropy. Therefore, morainic material deposited during the redeposition of the Baltija Subformation till was thoroughly mixed. The data on orientation and inclination of long axes of gravel and pebbles in the tills that form MSGLs, as well as the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of microclast material suggest that the formation of MSGLs may have been influenced by directions of the local glacial stress that are different from the regional direction of glacial motion (about N–S). The change of macro- and microfabric of till confirms the formation of MSGLs during glacier erosion by groove-ploughing from the Baltija Subformation till. This occurred when basal ice carried over clast material to MSGL crests from interridge areas.
Arte, adolescencia y Trabajo Social: Anja, la regidora invisible
Authors: González Abad Libertad
Published: January 2021

Este artículo nace con la intención de poder analizar las aportaciones del arte, el teatro en este caso, a la práctica del trabajo social. Para ello optamos por leer la realidad social en la que intervenimos con la lente del construccionismo social. Esto nos ayuda a, por un lado rescatar el lado social y subjetivo del arte y, por otro, recuperar la despatologización del sujeto en la intervención profesional. Así pues, a través de un caso práctico extraído del trabajo con adolescentes en el programa alemán FSJ, recorremos de la mano de una joven llamada Anja, aspectos evolutivos y sociológicos de la adolescencia para abordar, a continuación, algunos puntos de encuentro entre el arte y el trabajo psicosocial. Así el arte será redefinido como un objeto transicional en el que poder trabajar cuestiones relacionadas con la (auto)percepción, la vinculación, la comunicación y el cambio de conductas como último fin de la actuación profesional. Por último, señalamos las limitaciones y riesgos de la intervención basada en el arte para concluir con una sinopsis final.
Nitric Oxide as an Attenuator of Ecophysiological Changes in Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants Submitted to Copper Toxicity
Authors: Brito Ana Ecidia de Araújo , Teixeira Jessica Suellen Silva , Sousa Diana Jhulia Palheta de , Souza Evelyn Fátima Lima de , Teixeira Gabriel Ito dos Santos , Albuquerque Gerson Diego Pamplona de , Freitas Joze Melisa Nunes de , Neto Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira , Okumura Ricardo Shigueru
Published: January 2021

The aim of this work was to evaluate the attenuating effect of the nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside-NPS) on the ecophysiological responses of corn plants (Zea mays L.) submitted to copper toxicity. The corn seeds of the K9606 VIP3 variety were soaked for 48 hours in Germitest with solution containing treatment with sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5 NO] 2H2O (0, 200 and 300µM), sodium ferrocyanide Na4Fe (CN) 6 ( 300, 100 and 0 µM) respectively and deionized water (control), sown in buckets with 15 kg of soil incubated for 50 days containing copper concentrations CuSO4.5H2O (0, 60 and 200 mg kg-1). The design consisted of randomized blocks with 12 treatments and 4 repetitions, making a total of 48 plants. in ecophysiological variables: height, leaf area and number of leaves, stem diameter increased by 32, 66% and 11.29% in the treatments with 60 mg kg-1 of copper and 200 mg kg-1 of copper, respectively. There was no effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content measured by the SPAD index and gas exchange. The chlorophyll a fluorescence variables indicate that the concentration of 200 mg kg-1 of copper caused damage to the structure of the PS II reaction center complexes and indicate a slightly protective effect of nitric oxide-NO present in sodium nitroprusside and cyanide present in sodium ferrocyanide, reflecting a smooth functioning of the maximum activity of photosystem II and the electron transport chain.
Why Not Now?
Authors: Mesaros-Winckles Christy
Published: January 2021

This article uses the 1890 and 1894 Free Methodist Church debates on women's ordination as a case study on the discursive construction of gender in evangelical culture. At the turn of the twentieth century, women's roles in religious culture were being debated around the United States in various denominations, and the decision to ordain women varied greatly depending on biblical interpretation and denominational theology. The rhetorical performances of two female evangelists and General Conference delegates, Clara Wetherald and Ida Gage, will be discussed and used to illustrate how their opponents used organizational silencing in an attempt to write them out of the organizational record.
Evaluación al margen
Authors: Truffello  Camponovo Irene , Pérez Fuentes Fernando
Published: January 2021

El artículo -basado en investigaciones en terreno- analiza las conductas de aprendizaje que se propician en las aulas. Las actividades docentes conducen a la mayor parte de la población escolar, a la doble marginación del lenguaje y de lo

abstracto.

Se presenta la experiencia efectuada en una muestra que la condujeron al procesamiento profundo de la información y, como consecuencia, a un aumento de la autoestima, rompiéndose así el ciclo de marginación.
Reflexiones sobre la formación de un educador de la infancia en la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Alarcón Quezada Dina , Díaz Castillo Alondra
Published: January 2021

Este artículo contextualiza la problemática de la educación infantil y la formación de educadores en el momento actual. Plantea algunas de las ideas que constituyeron el marco de referencia sobre el cual se estructuró el Plan de Formación de la Carrera de Educadores de Párvulos y Escolares Iniciales, el que representa el retomo de las carreras pedagógicas de la niñez a la Universidad de Chile. Analiza y comenta conceptos tales como: infancia, educación pública, práctica pedagógica, tareas de la educación y del educador. Por otra parte, presenta una revisión de argumentos propuestos por las disciplinas y la investigación, los que permiten visualizar con mayor claridad el fenómeno educativo y las tareas que debe asumir una formación de educadores.
Una experiencia didáctica
Authors: Quaas Cecilia , Castillo Ximena , Cisternas Hellen , Cortes María Soledad , Morales Jéssica , Orrego Pablo , Pincheira Paz , Astroza Paula , Rastello Laurence
Published: January 2021

El presente enfoque recopila el trabajo realizado por los alumnos de la asigna¬tura "Metodología de la investigación Cualitativa" que se imparte a nivel de tercer año en la Escuela de Psicología de la Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Dentro de las estrategias diseñadas para el logro de los objetivos de la asignatura y como una forma de descubrir los orígenes y desarrollo de este tipo de investigación, se propuso la elaboración de un trabajo que permitiera desentrañar desde la base (la narración del autor) el proceso de investigación cualitativa. Es así como, desde la lectura de ciertos clásicos, principalmente del siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX, cuyos relatos dan cuenta de aspectos de la vida de grupos sociales específicos, marginados, rurales, pobres y 'sin voz', entre los que destacan los hermanos Grimm, Lévy-Bruhl, Wiiliam Golding, Margnret Mead, Charles Díckens y otros, se realizó un estudio analítico- interpretativo que permitió desentrañar el proceso de investigación cualitativo seguido muchas veces intuitivamente por el autor.
Simce y desarrollo humano
Authors: Ruz Ruz Juan
Published: January 2021

En su Diccionario Filosófico, Jean Jacques Rousseau recuerda que las más antiguas tradiciones universitarias indican que ellas preparan maestros para cada rama del conocimiento, y que esos maestros forman cuerpos colegiados que se denominan facultades. Entonces, desde sus orígenes, lo propio de la universidad fue tener programas académicos para preparar en el grado académico de magister. Pero agrega otro dato: que los maestros se reúnen en facultades -esto es, potencias, otras capacidades- las que tenían por misión "hacer todo lo que podía hacer" nada más pero tampoco nada menos.
Desde episteme hacia phronesis en el estudio y mejoramiento de la enseñanza
Authors: Eisner Elliot W. , Escudero Burrows Ethel
Published: January 2021

Esta disertación es sobre el cambio. Es acerca de los cambios en la manera como pensamos sobre el conocimiento y sobre las clases de conocimiento que los profesores necesitan para enseñar bien. El cambio a que me referiré es el cambio

desde episteme hacia fronesis.

Episteme, como ustedes saben es un término que representaba para los antiguos griegos el descubrimiento del conocimiento. Pero no solamente cualquier clase de conocimiento. Se refiere a lo que los filósofos griegos consideraban conocimiento verdadero y evidente. Para los griegos, tener episteme en lo que uno creía ser el caso, necesitaba ser realmente el caso. Puesto de otra manera, si uno sabía algo, es decir, si realmente sabía algo, tenía que ser verdadero. El conocimiento falso era, para los griegos un oxymoron.

Phronesis, por otra parte, se refiere al razonamiento práctico, sensato. El conocimiento, como una forma de episteme, no era una opción en la esfera de la vida práctica. El dominio práctico tenía una materia que era contingente más bien

que necesaria. En el mundo de las cosas prácticas, por nal1.1Caleza, éstas no necesitaban ser de la manera que eran, podían ser de otra manera. Las materias prácticas requerían razonamiento práctico. Requerían fronesis. El razonamiento práctico es deliberativo, toma en cuenta circunstancias locales, sopesa hacer cambalaches, está acribillado de incertidumbres. Depende de juicios, saca provecho del buen criterio, se dirige a pormenores, tiene que ver con contingencias, es iterativo y cambia de mira durante el proceso, cuando es necesario. El razonamiento práctico es materia de la vida práctica; no lo es de la ciencia teórica. No es duradero y no es fundamentado. Su propósito es llegar a buenas decisiones, aunque imperfectas con respecto a circunstancias particulares.
Red educativa de la Región Metropolitana: un enfoque dinámico
Authors: Maldonado Fabiola
Published: January 2021

La Red Educativa de la Región Metropolitana presenta una dinámica intercomunal que se explica por la búsqueda de equilibrio entre la demanda y oferta de educa¬ción entre diversas comunas. Es posible identificar comunas deficitarias en su ofer¬ta que derivan población escolar hacia otras que cuentan con infraestructura y oferta de matrículas que absorbe esta demanda insatisfecha. Las relaciones que generan estos traslados de población escolar tienden a ser estables en el tiempo y consolidan la formación de Sistemas Intermedios de Educación (SIE) en los cuales interactúan varias comunas expulsoras de población escolar con una o varias co¬munas receptoras de esta población.

Los SIE son de diverso tipo de acuerdo a las características de la formación urbana de Santiago respecto de las comunas que los componen. Cada uno de estos tipos de SIE se caracteriza por un conjunto de fortalezas y debilidades en la tarea de equilibrar la demanda y oferta educativa.

La Red Educativa de la Región en su conjunto se constituye a través de las relaciones entre los diferentes SIE que la componen.
Covid 19 y los desafíos educativos del presente
Authors: Sobarzo Morales Mario
Published: January 2021

En el presente texto se abordan dos aspectos relevantes para interpretar el modo en que se desarrollará el sistema educativo y cómo se puede adaptar a las transformaciones que el covid 19 está produciendo en nuestro planeta. En primer lugar, se interpretará el contexto macro, es decir, se hará una lectura de las implicancias económicas, pues son centrales en los objetivos de cualquier sistema educativo; pero, también de las políticas, en la medida que en los modernos Estados Nacionales, esta es una dimensión constitutiva de los educativo en sus aspectos formales tanto como informales; también se considerarán las implicancias sociales y culturales involucradas. En segundo lugar, se intentará pensar la importancia de los intempestivo, lo emergente, como oportunidad de desarrollo para una educación vinculada con las necesidades de las comunidades tanto a nivel global, nacional, como territorial, entendiendo por esto último lo que marca físicamente el espacio de interacción cotidiana.
OPTIMIZATION OF A PETROLEUM FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION COLUMN USING DISTOP CALIBRATION AND STATISTICAL METHODS
Authors: Nobrega M. B. M. M. , Zimmermann A. S. , Mattedi S. , Chiavone-Filho O.
Published: January 2021

Distillation columns are important separation equipment that comprise most of the investment needed in a petroleum refining plant. Utilities and energy demands, though, are a concerning factor in the current economic and environmental scenario. The present work proposes a methodology to optimize the energy consumption of a crude oil distillation column using the Distop Calibration technique that allows faster convergence than the Tray-to-Tray method. The methodology presented involves process simulation, sensitivity analysis, factorial design, and the use of response surface methodology. Results show that it is possible to achieve significant gains by changing feed temperature and rectifying vapor flow, causing a relevant reduction in energy consumption. Hence, the methodology can be used as an optimization tool to increase energetic efficiency.
Wine Consumption Determinants in Albania Using Categorical Regression Model
Authors: Kapaj Ilir , Gjoni Albana , Maloku Sadik , Kapaj Ana Mane
Published: January 2021

The increasing trend of wine consumption in Albania has led the development of the respective subsectors, viticulture and the wine industry. In the order for the domestic wine production industry to be competitive, a detailed understanding of the consumer’s buying behavior is a prerequisite. To this end, this study offers an actual perspective of the consumption behavior of wine customers in Tirana region. One of the goals of this paper is to identify and quantify determinants of wine consumption by using a regression model called “Categorical Regression Estimation” for non-numeric response variables. A questionnaire has been designed for this purpose, which is based on the literature but also on the recognition of the customer profile in the country, considering several socio-economic factors. Through 230 face-to-face interviews, the aim is to evaluate the impact on wine consumption of income, age, education, religion, nutrition culture, wine prices, wine origin as well as other socio-demographic factors related to the profile of the consumer. The analysis and interpretation of the results reveal interesting factors that determine the wine consumption. Age, education, income level and price of the wine are the main factors affecting the consumer decision to buy wine. Older people (over 40 years old) represent 1.4 times higher willingness to buy wine relatively to the younger people. Meanwhile, among people with higher income level chances that they will buy wine are 2.15 higher relatively to the people with lower monthly income level. From the results appears that education have positive impact on wine consumption while gender does not represent a significant difference.