bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction of logical networks during decompiling transistor-level CMOS circuit descriptions
Authors: Cheremisinov D. I. , Cheremisinova L. D.
Published: October 2024

Objectives. The problem of restoring the functional description of digital VLSI devices presented at the transistor level is considered. The objective of the work is to develop means for extraction of blocks representing logical networks from two-level descriptions of CMOS circuits at the transistor level, which were obtained as a result of recognition (extraction) of subcircuits that implement logic elements.

Methods. Graph based methods and software tools are proposed for extracting a connected blocks representing a logical network from two-level descriptions of a transistor circuits in SPICE format. In the graph interpretation, the task is reduced to constructing a labeled directed graph of a logical network based on a labeled undirected bipartite graph specifying a two-level description of the transistor circuit.

Results. The proposed method makes it possible to identify lexicographically ranked logical networks, from which a transition is made to logical equations that specify the functions implemented at the outputs of the resulting networks. Software tools have been developed that provide the generation of a hierarchical description in SPICE format that implements the original circuit at the transistor level, as well as descriptions of found logical networks in the SF language of hierarchical structural and functional descriptions of discrete devices and in high-level languages (VHDL and Verilog).

Conclusion. The developed methods are implemented in C++, included in the program for decompiling transistor CMOS circuits and tested within it on practical examples of transistor-level circuits. The paper provides examples of reverse engineering of some practical transistor circuits.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI DENGAN KEJADIAN FIBROADENOMA MAMMAE (FAM) DI RUMAH SAKIT BUDI KEMULIAAN BATAM
Authors: Muhammad Rifki  , Rizka Audina  , Malahayati Rusli Bintang
Published: October 2024

Background: Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM) is a breast tumor that is painless, unilateral, benign (non-cancerous), in the form of a solid lump, and does not contain fluid. It mostly appears in women between the ages of 14 and 35. FAM cases increase every year, accompanied by concerns about lumps around the breasts which are often mistaken for malignancy. Although the exact cause of FAM is not known, several factors have been identified as risk factors for FAM, including contraceptive use, getting pregnant at a young age, and being on hormonal therapy.
Methods: This research method is observational analysis with a case control approach. The sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling with a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 80 respondents (40 case groups and 40 control groups). Analysis uses the chi square test.
Results: The results of this study found a relationship between contraceptive use and the incidence of fibroadenoma mammae (FAM). The results of the chi square statistical test showed a p value of 0.000 (<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on this research, it was concluded that there was a relationship between contraceptive use and the incidence of fibroadenoma mammae (FAM) at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Batam at a relatively weak level of relationship strength.
Keywords: Contraceptive, Woman, Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM)
Implementación de un Prototipo Didáctico Para Comprender la Aplicación de las Leyes de Newton en la Descripción del Movimiento Rectilíneo
Authors: Rodríguez Alberto Marcelo , Almazán Covarruvias Cesar , Reyes Pérez Fabiola , Fernando Alvizo Cruz Álvaro , Trujillo Jiménez Alejandro
Published: October 2024

El presente trabajo de invetigación desarrollado en la materia de Mecánica Clásica, que se imparte en la carrera de Ingeniería Química en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de El Mante, tiene como propósito describir el movimiento rectilíneo de un cuerpo con aceleración constante, mediante la construcción y aplicación de un prototipo didáctico, donde los elementos utilizados son: un objeto móvil, una pista metálica para deslizamiento del objeto móvil, opto acopladores, fuente de alimentación, temporizador digital, aplicación móvil para medición de ángulo de inclinación, y cables de conexión. En una primera etapa del desarrollo de la práctica se le planteó al alumno calcular, mediante las leyes de Newton, la aceleración que experimenta un objeto móvil de un punto A a punto B y, mediante las ecuaciones del movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente acelerado, el tiempo en recorrer dicha distancia. Posteriormente, en una segunda etapa, el docente pone en práctica el prototipo y verifica el valor de la aceleración y el tiempo mediante el temporizador digital, para diferentes ángulos de inclinación de la pista. Finalmente, mediante el uso de un cuestionario aplicado a los estudiantes, se observó que la implementación del prototipo didáctico,  mejoró la apropiación  del  conocimiento  de las leyes de newton y las ecuaciones de movimiento rectilíneo.
Impulsando la Transformación Digital: Semi-Automatización del Proceso de Cotización En Una Empresa De Recubrimientos Metálicos
Authors: Martínez Gallardo Judith , Sánchez Gómez Wendy Aracely , Pineda Briseño Anabel , Flores Hernández Alberto Arturo
Published: October 2024

Este artículo detalla el desarrollo de un sistema de cotización semiautomático en Advanced Plating, empresa de recubrimientos metálicos. Las MiPyMEs son vitales para la economía mexicana, contribuyendo al empleo y crecimiento económico, pero enfrentan desafíos significativos. El sistema desarrollado utiliza Google Forms y Google Sheets para el proceso de cotización, logrando un ahorro del 95.4% en el tiempo de cotización. Se observó una notable reducción en los errores de cálculo del sistema semiautomático en comparación con el proceso manual. Mientras que las cotizaciones manuales presentaban un 30.3% de errores, las cotizaciones semiautomáticas mostraron solo un 16.7%, atribuibles a la captura incorrecta de datos por parte de los clientes, no al sistema. Esto indica que el sistema semiautomático mejora la eficiencia y la precisión en las cotizaciones, reduciendo los errores en un 44.9%. Además, el almacenamiento en la nube facilita el acceso y gestión de datos desde cualquier dispositivo conectado a Internet. Los costos iniciales son mínimos y ampliamente superados por los beneficios. La facilidad de uso de las herramientas digitales también reduce los costos de capacitación del personal. Estos avances aumentarán la productividad y competitividad de Advanced Plating, permitiéndole atender a más clientes y aprovechar nuevas oportunidades comerciales.
Reporte de un Caso de Neoplasia Neuroendocrina de Apéndice Cecal
Authors: García Bravo Said Audel , Esquivel Treviño Reynaldo
Published: October 2024

Las neoplasias del apéndice cecal tienen una incidencia aproximada del 1% de todos los casos de apendicitis. Estas neoplasias se dividen en dos tipos histológicos: las neoplasias epiteliales y las neuroendocrinas. Los tumores neuroendocrinos son neoplasias que afectan el tracto gastrointestinal, los pulmones y el tracto genitourinario. Aunque las neoplasias neuroendocrinas pueden surgir en diferentes partes del cuerpo, su ubicación en el apéndice cecal es rara y plantea desafíos específicos en términos de diagnóstico y manejo clínico. Estos tumores se caracterizan por su capacidad para secretar hormonas, lo que puede llevar a la aparición de síntomas inespecíficos como dolor abdominal, apendicitis aguda o incluso síndrome carcinoide. Debido a la falta de síntomas específicos, el diagnóstico de las neoplasias neuroendocrinas del apéndice cecal puede ser desafiante y a menudo se realiza después de la extirpación quirúrgica del apéndice.
El tratamiento principal para estas neoplasias suele ser quirúrgico, y puede implicar la resección del apéndice y, en algunos casos, la extirpación de los ganglios linfáticos circundantes. La determinación del estadio de la enfermedad es fundamental para guiar las decisiones terapéuticas adicionales. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de la cuarta década de la vida que acudió al servicio de urgencias con un cuadro de abdomen agudo. Se realizó la anamnesis y estudios paraclínicos, concluyendo un cuadro de apendicitis aguda, por lo que se manejó quirúrgicamente. En el postquirúrgico, la evolución fue favorable; sin embargo, la histopatología reportó una neoplasia neuroendocrina bien diferenciada, con bordes libres y sin evidencia de metástasis, por lo que no requirió tratamiento adicional.
Determination of Moisture Sorption Isotherm using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) Models, Germination Capacity and Index Vigor of Soybean during Storage
Authors: Ratnaningsih Ratnaningsih , Arif Abdullah , Yuliani Sri , Haryadi Sugeng , Kharissa Elvia Nur , Winarti Christina , Hernani Hernani , Purwani Endang Yuli , Harnowo Didik
Published: October 2024

Understanding the interaction between the equilibrium moisture content of a product and the surrounding air is crucial for guaranteeing product quality and preserving its characteristics throughout storage. The study of this tendency may be conducted utilizing sorption isotherms. This research aimed to study the moisture sorption characteristics of soybeans during storage, identify the most suitable mathematical model for the experimental data, and examine the relationship between the germination capacity and vigor index of soybeans with their moisture content and water activity. Moisture sorption characteristics of soybean, Anjasmara variety, were investigated at temperatures of 30ᵒC, 40ᵒC, and 50ᵒC, and water activities of 0.08 to 0.80, and were modelled using two different mathematical models, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB). Both two mathematical models, BET and GAB, were found to effectively describe the moisture sorption data based on regression analyses and goodness of fit. Each model was statistically evaluated by coefficient of determination and deviation standard. The moisture sorption behaviour of soybean seeds displayed a sigmoidal pattern. The GAB models have been suggested to estimate the moisture content at certain humidity levels at 30ᵒC, 40ᵒC, and 50ᵒC temperatures. The BET models were suitable for temperatures between 30ᵒC and 40oC. The vigor and germination indicated exhibited a progressive and optimal trend at a water activity level of 0.32, followed by a decline at all three temperatures.
Improving the process of identification of superior pearl millet populations using Genotype by Yield × Trait (GYT) biplot
Authors: P. Papanna , V. K. Koraboyana , R. Kalakanti , P. Hemanth , B. N. Keerthi , S. K. Gupta
Published: October 2024

Abstract Utilizing a trait-based breeding approach is crucial for developing diverse materials with various agronomic traits, emphasizing a common focus on achieving high grain yield, as seen in many breeding programs. Genotype evaluation based on yield × trait combinations is essential, with yield as the primary variable. Genotype by yield × traits biplot analysis was used in pearl millet to assess associations among yield-trait combinations, trait profiles, and superiority rankings. The Biplot analysis reveals prevalent positive associations among yield-trait combinations, implying that selecting multiple traits can augment grain yield productivity. Notably, ICMV 221 and Dhanashakti exhibit elevated levels of YLD×Fe and YLD×Zn, while SOSAT C88, EC C6, Raj 171, and CZIC 618 excel in combining grain yield with traits such as plant height (PH), panicle length (PL), and days to maturity (DM). Based on overall superiority in yield-trait combinations, populations were ranked as follows: AIMP 92901 > ICMV 221 > SOSAT C88 > CZIC 618 > Raj 171 > ICMP 87307 > EC C6. This study demonstrates the practical utility of the genotype by yield × traits biplot approach for selecting pearl millet germplasm with diverse trait combinations, enhancing the breeding program's effectiveness. Keywords: Trait Association, Trait Profile, Selection Index, Multiple Trait-Based Selection, GYT-Biplot
Organoleptic profiling for demand led breeding of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) suitable for Kerala market
Authors: Sivasankarreddy Kasireddy , Joseph Jiji , P.P. Thirumalaisamy
Published: October 2024

In order to develop eggplant hybrids with consumer acceptance, an organoleptic evaluation of fruits in two different sets of eggplant genotypes was conducted by a panel of 15 judges with 21 descriptors, following a quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA). In 2023, twenty genotypes were evaluated as the first set to identify suitable parents for hybridization. The results showed significant variation in odour, appearance, texture, flavor and taste, and overall quality attributes. From the first set, five genotypes (Ponni, Vengeri, IC618016, IC636521, and IC624240) were selected to produce ten F1 hybrids, and they were further evaluated, along with parents and three popular varieties as check in 2024. In the second set, many descriptors showed no significant variation. F1 hybrid, Vengeri x IC636521, showed higher yield and overall quality attributes, and most of the other hybrids (seven) were high yielders over popular checks with on par for overall quality. The findings suggest the role of organoleptic evaluation in selection and development of quality breeding materials. Keywords: Odour, Appearance, Texture, Flavour, Taste, Overall quality
Stability analysis on elite genotypes of Indian Mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) in Terai Agro-Climatic Region
Authors: Sadhu Supratim , Chakraborty Moumita , Roy Suvendu Kumar , Mondal Amitava , Dey Susmita
Published: October 2024

Abstract Among the oilseed crops, mustard has gained precedence in the human diet due to its superior oil quality. Genotype × environment interactions have a significant effect on plant breeding because it reduces the stability of the genotypes in diverse environments. In order to assess the impact of environments on genotypes and determine the stable genotypes in terms of seed yield and yield attributing characters in the terai agro-climatic zone, seventy-one Indian mustard genotypes were evaluated during two consecutive years,namely, 2017-18 and 2018-19, focusing on nine quantitative characters across six environments. Eberhart and Russell model (1966) of stability analysis revealed that various genotypes exhibited adaptability to favourable and unfavourable environments for different characters, influenced by the different sowing dates over the two years. However, Rohini (SC) and KMR-15-14 to be well adapted in terai agro-climatic zone in respect to seed yield and plant height, while Pusa mustard 27 (EJ 17) were adapted to specifically favorable (rich) environment for the seed yield. In terms of secondary branches per plant and number of siliquae on branches, Pusa mustard 27 (EJ 17) showed adaptability across all types of environments. Therefore, Rohini (SC) and KMR-15-14 were identified as stable genotypes for optimum seed yield across different environmental conditions. Keyword: Mustard, G × E interaction, stability, , Regression, Deviation from regression, Brassica juncea
ОБ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ МАРШАХ УСТЬЕВ МАЛЫХ РЕК о. ВАЙГАЧ
Authors: Мосеев Д. С. , Мискевич И. В. , Паринова Т. В. , Волков А. Г. , Яковлев А. Е.
Published: October 2024

The Arctic marshes of the mouths of small rivers on Vaigach Island are among the northernmost in the world. Despite their geographical location, they have a significant impact on the formation of estuarine ecosystems due to their significant areas in relation to estuarine channels. In different ecotopes of the marches, communities with dominance of Arctic and hypo-Arctic plant species are formed: Dupontia psilosantha, Puccinellia coarctata, Puccinellia phryganodes, Potentilla egedei, Plantago schrenkii, Calamagrostis deschampsioides, Carex subspathacea, Carex glareosa, Cochlearia arctica, Ranunculus hyperboreus subsp. tricrenatus, Stellaria humifusa. Differences in the structure of halophytic vegetation of the marches of these rivers are due to geomorphologic reasons. Anthropogenic impact and natural phenomena affecting biocenoses of marches indicate the necessity of biomonitoring of these biocenoses.
ПЛАНКТОННЫЕ И МЕЙОБЕНТОСНЫЕ РАКООБРАЗНЫЕ (Copepoda, Cladocera) МАЛЫХ ВОДОЕМОВ МАГАДАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: НОВЫЕ НАХОДКИ ДЛЯ РЕГИОНА И БИОГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА ФАУНЫ
Authors: Новичкова А. А. , Чертопруд Е. С.
Published: October 2024

The zooplankton communities of continental water bodies in Eastern Siberia, and particularly those, of the Magadan region, are among the least studied. The objective was the inventory of the species composition of microcrustaceans and the identification of the main environmental factors determining the community structure. A total of 59 species of Cladocera and Copepoda were identified, including nine new for the region and one new for science. The number of species at different sites (basins of the Ola, Yana, and Kolyma Rivers) varied. The observed differences in community structure can be attributed to their geographical locations and the associated complex of climatic, hydrological, hydrochemical, and phytocenotic factors. The investigated fauna is represented by the widespread Holarctic and Palearctic species, as well as the Beringian endemics. However, the ratio of such species and the total number of species differ in different collection areas.
Solid Minerals as Alternate means of Nigeria’s Economy Recovery Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jacob Titilope Adeyemo, , Fava Salvatore, , Abiodun Ismail Lawal, , Tolulope Ayobi Oyeleke,
Published: October 2024

Nigeria is one of the nations blessed with vast number of mineral resources which can make its economy one of best in the world. However, very little attention is directed to this sector as the sector contributes less than 10% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Therefore, this study evaluates the economic potentials of Nigeria mineral resources as means of liberating the country from its current economic woes. Data obtained from the existing company, internet sources, U.S. Geological Survey, Nigeria Geological Survey Agency among others were used to form the bases for the analyses. The economic indicators were first computed to determine the dependency of Nigeria mineral demands on the import and forecasting was also done using the moving average method and forecast command. The obtained import reliance and self-sufficiency indicated that Nigeria still depend largely on the importation to meet its mineral requirements and hence not self- sufficient. The Net Profit Value (NBP), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PBP) revealed that the minerals investigated are economically viable. To enhance the easy assessment of the NPV, artificial intelligence approach, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to develop models for barite and iron ore. The model was validated, and the validation results are compared with the actual values. They were found to be very close to the actual NPV and can be used for the NPV predictions. Therefore, ANN model was transformed through the weights and biases to mathematical form. Hence, the study has revealed the dependency of Nigeria on import and the economic viability of the minerals in Nigeria.
Implementation of Real-Time Audio-to-Text Conversion and Processing for Seamless Transformation in Classroom Environment
Authors: P Likith , N D Sahana , P Puneeth , M Niranthar , M G Aruna
Published: October 2024

In modern educational settings, ensuring that all students effectively comprehend lecture content is a significant challenge, particularly when language barriers and varying levels of cognitive processing ability come into play. Traditional classroom instruction often fails to accommodate the diverse needs of all learners, leading to gaps in understanding and academic performance. This research explores the implementation of a real-time audio transcription system as a solution to enhance classroom inclusivity and comprehension. By leveraging mobile technology, students can access live speech-to-text transcriptions of lectures directly on their devices. This system is designed to assist students who struggle with listening due to language differences, hearing impairments, or other cognitive challenges. The study delves into the technological framework of the transcription service, evaluating its accuracy, latency, and usability. It also considers the practical implications of integrating such technology into various classroom settings, from elementary schools to higher education institutions. Through surveys and interviews with students and teachers, the research assesses the impact of live transcription on student engagement, participation, and academic performance. Preliminary findings suggest that live audio transcription can significantly bridge the comprehension gap, offering a practical tool to foster a more inclusive and effective learning environment. Additionally, the study explores potential challenges and solutions for widespread implementation, aiming to provide a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and limitations of this innovative educational tool.
Characterization of Pasture Production Systems in Makueni County of Kenya
Authors: Mutuku D N , Otieno G O , Ateka J M , Mutua S M
Published: October 2024

Livestock feed is a key factor influencing animal production and productivity as evidenced by the increased demand for animal source foods (ASFs) to feed a growing human population in Kenya. However, there exists untapped potential of pasture commercialization and hence the need to harness the social, economic and environmental benefits in the ASALs for overall rural development. A study was conducted to characterize the existing pasture production systems in Makueni County. A purposive random sampling of 300 respondents drawn from 3 Sub-counties and 12 wards was conducted in Makueni County in January, 2021. The study aimed to characterize existing pasture production systems using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Multivariate statistical techniques; principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were used to determine whether or not there were significant differences in the pasture production systems in Makueni County. Results of the study showed that majority (97%) of the farmers were small scale farmers (SSFs) who dedicated less than 5 acres of their land to pasture production. The mean age of small- scale farmers was 52 years compared to 55 years for the large-scale farmers (LSFs). Most of the households were male headed (83%). Most of the SSFs household heads had primary level of education level or lower while most of the large-scale household heads had secondary education and above. Majority (35%) of SSFs owned the land under pasture without a title while most of the LSFs had a title. The land under pasture for SSFs was about 2 acres with an average of 102 bales per season while LSFs had about 23 acres under pasture and produced about 1,762 bales per season. Majority (92%) grew local grass varieties and sold their pasture in form of a bale. 58% of SSFs sited NGOs as their main source of grass seeds while LSFs mainly sourced from agrovets Results of PCA revealed that 6 of the 17 components had eigen values greater than 1 and accounted for 58% of the total variance. Based on Euclidian distance, six clusters were determined using the agglomeration schedule. ANOVA analysis of the six profiles were estimated to have p-values of 0.000, suggesting the existence of significance difference between cluster 1 to 6 in relation to the 6 profiles and hence concluding the existence of variations in pasture production systems in Makueni County. Development strategies should focus on knowledge of and improved access to grass seeds to farmers as well as development of standards of the mode of sale of pasture.
F.sh: A 3D Recurrent Residual Attention U-Net for Automated Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation
Authors: Esmaeili Shafaei Mahdi
Published: October 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, characterized by lesions in the brain and spinal cord. Accurate detection and localization of these lesions on MRI scans is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Manual segmentation is time-consuming and prone to inter-rater variability. This study proposes F.sh (3DR2AUNet), a novel deep learning architecture for automated MS lesion segmentation. F.sh combines 3D recurrent residual blocks, attention gates, and the U-Net structure to effectively capture lesion features. The model was trained and evaluated using a comprehensive approach, including patch-based preprocessing, data augmentation, and a composite loss function combining Binary Cross-Entropy and 3D Dice Loss. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of F.sh compared to baseline methods, achieving a Dice score of 0.92. The proposed approach has the potential to assist radiologists in the accurate and efficient assessment of MS lesion burden.
Is it necessary to check β-hCG levels on day 4 after single-dose methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancy? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taş Emre Erdem
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the percentage change in serum β-hCG levels from days 1 to 7 for predicting treatment success in patients treated with a single dose of methotrexate for tubal ectopic pregnancy.
Materials and Method: This retrospective observational study investigated 74 patients treated with a single-dose methotrexate regimen for tubal ectopic pregnancy at a tertiary hospital between January 2020 and December 2023. Patients were subdivided into two groups based on reduction in serum β-hCG levels between days 4 and 7:
In the footsteps of Early Christian rural communities (4th-9th centuries AD): exploring a sacred landscape in central Sicily combining digital technologies and experimental archaeology
Authors: Riso Margherita , Randazzo Matteo G. , Marras Gian Battista
Published: October 2024

In Sicily, phenomenological approaches have not been applied to the archaeological investigation of the ancient, settled landscape. By combining digital technologies and experimental archaeology, this article explores the human perception of an early Christian sacred landscape in central Sicily. Here, late Roman and early medieval settlement patterns appear organised within rural districts, each with a cluster of settlements centred around major villages yielding places of worships and necropolises. The goal was to assess the extent to which communities in these settlements were part of an interconnected territorial system structured around churches, road networks, and intervening sites. A threefold strategy was employed, including: (i) theoretical GIS analyses of the study-area; (ii) the testing of GIS-formulated logarithms through fieldwork; and (iii) the collection of data that was fed into the GIS and evaluated for differences between empirical perceptions and computer-based analyses.
The influence of unconventional monetary policy tools: an euro area perspective
Authors: Pečiulis Tomas , Vasiliauskaitė Asta
Published: October 2024

Purpose – This article aims to investigate the influence of unconventional monetary policy tools (UMPTs) employed by the European Central Bank (ECB) on the inflation rate and GDP growth rate within the euro area, motivated by the principles of the Taylor rule.
Research methodology – Elastic net regression with ARIMA residuals was used to analyse the relationship between UMPTs and economic indicators, measured by adjusted R-squared. Six samples were constructed, and hypothesis testing was performed using moving block bootstrapping. Residual diagnostics were used for model validation.
Findings – The study revealed significant impacts of UMPTs, particularly in combination with interest rates, on inflation rates. However, adjusted R-square values for GDP growth rate were less pronounced, indicating a more complex relationship. Research contributes to understanding the dynamics of monetary policy transmission mechanisms, informing policy institutions, and guiding future research directions.
Research limitations – Limitations include the focus on the euro area and the absence of analysis in other major economies. Future research should address these limitations and incorporate additional variables for a more comprehensive analysis.
Practical implications – The findings provide insight for policymakers regarding the efficacy of UMPTs in influencing inflation rates, aiding in informed decision-making in monetary policy formulation and implementation.
Originality/Value – This study contributes novelty by comprehensively analysing the relationship between UMPTs and economic indicators within the euro area, providing valuable insight into monetary policy institutions, and guiding future research directions.
AGN STORM 2. IX. Studying the Dynamics of the Ionized Obscurer in Mrk 817 with High-resolution X-Ray Spectroscopy
Authors: Zaidouni Fatima , Kara Erin , Kosec Peter , Mehdipour Missagh , Rogantini Daniele , Kriss Gerard A. , Behar Ehud , Kaastra Jelle , Barth Aaron J. , Cackett Edward M. , De Rosa Gisella , Homayouni Yasaman , Horne Keith , Landt Hermine , Arav Nahum , Bentz Misty C. , Brotherton Michael S. , Dalla Bontà Elena , Dehghanian Maryam , Ferland Gary J. , Fian Carina , Gelbord Jonathan , Goad Michael R. , González Buitrago Diego H. , Grier Catherine J. , Hall Patrick B. , Hu Chen , Ilić Dragana , Kaspi Shai , Kochanek Christopher S. , Kovačević Andjelka B. , Kynoch Daniel , Lewin Collin , Montano John , Netzer Hagai , Neustadt Jack M. M. , Panagiotou Christos , Partington Ethan R. , Plesha Rachel , Č. Popović Luka , Proga Daniel , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Sanmartim David , Siebert Matthew R. , Signorini Matilde , Vestergaard Marianne , Waters Tim , Zu Ying
Published: October 2024

We present the results of the XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations taken as part of the ongoing, intensive multiwavelength monitoring program of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 817 by the AGN Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping 2 (AGN STORM 2) Project. The campaign revealed an unexpected and transient obscuring outflow, never before seen in this source. Of our four XMM-Newton/NuSTAR epochs, one fortuitously taken during a bright X-ray state has strong narrow absorption lines in the high-resolution grating spectra. From these absorption features, we determine that the obscurer is in fact a multiphase ionized wind with an outflow velocity of ∼5200 km s−1, and for the first time find evidence for a lower ionization component with the same velocity observed in absorption features in the contemporaneous Hubble Space Telescope spectra. This indicates that the UV absorption troughs may be due to dense clumps embedded in diffuse, higher ionization gas responsible for the X-ray absorption lines of the same velocity. We observe variability in the shape of the absorption lines on timescales of hours, placing the variable component at roughly 1000 R

g
if attributed to transverse motion along the line of sight. This estimate aligns with independent UV measurements of the distance to the obscurer suggesting an accretion disk wind at the inner broad line region. We estimate that it takes roughly 200 days for the outflow to travel from the disk to our line of sight, consistent with the timescale of the outflow's column density variations throughout the campaign.
Detailed Abundances of the Planet-hosting TOI-1173 A/B System: Possible Evidence of Planet Engulfment in a Very Wide Binary
Authors: Yana Galarza Jhon , Reggiani Henrique , Ferreira Thiago , Lorenzo-Oliveira Diego , Simon Joshua D. , McWilliam Andrew , Schlaufman Kevin C. , Miquelarena Paula , Flores Trivigno Matias , Jaque Arancibia Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Over the last decade, studies of large samples of binary systems have identified chemical anomalies and shown that they might be attributed to planet formation or planet engulfment. However, both scenarios have primarily been tested in pairs without known exoplanets. In this work, we explore these scenarios in the newly detected planet-hosting wide binary TOI-1173 A/B (projected separation ∼11,400 au), using high-resolution MAROON-X and ARCES spectra. We determined photospheric stellar parameters both by fitting stellar models and via the spectroscopic equilibrium approach. Both analyses agree and suggest that they are cool main-sequence stars located in the thin disk. A line-by-line differential analysis between the components (B−A) displays an abundance pattern in the condensation temperature plane, where the planet-hosting star TOI-1173 A is enhanced in refractory elements such as iron by more than 0.05 dex. This suggests the engulfment of ∼18 M
⊕ of rocky material in star A. Our hypothesis is supported by the dynamics of the system (detailed in our companion paper), which suggest that the super-Neptune TOI-1173 A b might have been delivered to its current short period (∼7 days) through circularization and von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai mechanisms, thereby triggering the engulfment of inner rocky exoplanets.
Searching for the Highest-z Dual Active Galactic Nuclei in the Deepest Chandra Surveys
Authors: Sandoval Brandon , Foord Adi , Allen Steven W. , Volonteri Marta , Chen Nianyi , Di Matteo Tiziana , Stemo Aaron , Gültekin Kayhan , Habouzit Melanie , Puerto-Sánchez Clara , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Dubois Yohan
Published: October 2024

We present an analysis searching for dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) among 62 high-redshift (2.5 < z < 3.5) X-ray sources selected from the X-UDS, AEGIS-XD, CDF-S, and COSMOS-Legacy Chandra surveys. We aim to quantify the frequency of dual AGN in the high-redshift Universe, which holds implications for black hole merger timescales and low-frequency gravitational wave detection rates. We analyze each X-ray source using BAYMAX, an analysis tool that calculates the Bayes factor for whether a given archival Chandra AGN is more likely a single or dual point source. We find no strong evidence for dual AGN in any individual source in our sample. We increase our sensitivity to search for dual AGN across the sample by comparing our measured distribution of Bayes factors to that expected from a sample composed entirely of single point sources and find no evidence for dual AGN in the sample distribution. Although our analysis utilizes one of the largest Chandra catalogs of high-z X-ray point sources available to study, the findings remain limited by the modest number of sources observed at the highest spatial resolution with Chandra and the typical count rates of the detected sources. Our nondetection allows us to place an upper limit on the X-ray dual AGN fraction at 2.5 < z < 3.5 of 4.8% at the 95% confidence level. Expanding substantially on these results at X-ray wavelengths will require future surveys spanning larger sky areas and extending to fainter fluxes than has been possible with Chandra. We illustrate the potential of the AXIS mission concept in this regard.
Spectral Index Asymmetries in Double Radio Sources from the VLA Sky Survey
Authors: Howard Rachael , Lacy Mark
Published: October 2024

A sample of double radio sources was selected from the Very Large Array Sky Survey to investigate correlations of spectral asymmetries with lobe length ratios and jet-sidedness. The lobe length ratio informs us about the correlation between the lobe pressure and spectral index of FRII lobes from Active Galactic Nuclei. A second analysis was done on the subset with identifiable jets. The correlation of lobe length ratio with spectral index difference was weakly positive, although statistically insignificant. Similarly, there were no statistically significant trends of spectral index difference with jet-sidedness. Further testing with a larger data set may produce a more significant result.
Prospects for the Crossing by Earth of Comet C/2023 A3 Tsuchinshan-ATLAS’s Ion Tail
Authors: Grant Samuel R. , Jones Geraint H.
Published: October 2024

The Earth will pass approximately downstream of the previous position of comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) during 2024 October 10–13. We predict that spacecraft at the Sun–Earth Lagrange Point 1, L1, have a significant likelihood to detect pickup ions from the comet, as well as changes in the solar wind associated with the crossing of the comet’s ion tail. Given the Earth’s magnetosphere is also likely to cross the ion tail, it is possible that geomagnetic signatures associated with this will be observed by spacecraft within the magnetosphere and possible at ground-based magnetometers, as observed during Comet 1P/Halley’s apparition in 1910.
Evidence for Surprising Heavy Nitrogen Isotopic Enrichment in Comet 46P/Wirtanen’s Hydrogen Cyanide
Authors: Cordiner M. A. , Darnell K. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Roth N. X. , Biver N. , Milam S. N. , Charnley S. B. , Boissier J. , Bonev B. P. , Qi C. , Crovisier J. , Remijan A. J.
Published: October 2024

46P/Wirtanen is a Jupiter-family comet, probably originating from the solar system’s Kuiper Belt, that now resides on a 5.4 yr elliptical orbit. During its 2018 apparition, comet 46P passed unusually close to the Earth (within 0.08 au), presenting an outstanding opportunity for close-up observations of its inner coma. Here we present observations of HCN, H13CN, and HC15N emission from 46P using the Atacama Compact Array. The data were analyzed using the SUBLIME non-LTE radiative transfer code to derive 12C/13C and 14N/15N ratios. The HCN/H13CN ratio is found to be consistent with a lack of significant 13C fractionation, whereas the HCN/HC15N ratio of 68 ± 27 (using our most conservative 1σ uncertainties), indicates a strong enhancement in 15N compared with the solar and terrestrial values. The observed 14N/15N ratio is also significantly lower than the values of ∼140 found in previous comets, implying a strong 15N enrichment in 46P’s HCN. This indicates that the nitrogen in Jupiter-family comets could reach larger isotopic enrichments than previously thought, with implications for the diversity of 14N/15N ratios imprinted into icy bodies at the birth of the solar system.
Mariposas de la tribu Haeterini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) de la colección de entomología del MHN-Universidad de Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
Authors: Gallego-Ropero María Cristina , Salazar-E. Julián Adolfo , Villalobos-Moreno Alfonso
Published: October 2024

Se reportan las mariposas de la tribu Haeterini presentes en la Colección de Entomología del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad del Cauca. Fueron revisados 163 especímenes, pertenecientes a seis géneros, 16 especies y 22 subespecies. El género Pierella Herrich-Schäffer, 1865 presentó la mayor riqueza con ocho especies y 12 subespecies. Las especies con mayor abundancia fueron Paradulcedo mimica (35), Pierella lamia chalybaea (22) y Pierella lena brasiliensis (19), mientras que Pierella astyoche stollei, Pierella hortona albofasciata, Pierella lena salma y Pierella hyalinus hyalinus solo presentaron un ejemplar cada una. Con base en los datos de las fichas de campo, se realizaron análisis descriptivos sobre la distribución altitudinal, que permitió apreciar que la tribu Haeterini tiene una clara distribución en zonas bajas, con especies colectadas por debajo de los 1.500 msnm, excepto Pseudohaetera hypaesia y P. mimica que están por encima de los 1.700 msnm, y que se han reportado como las especies de este grupo que vuelan a mayor altitud. Se presenta un mapa con la distribución geográfica y dos planchas fotográficas, una con las especies reportadas y otra con las genitalias masculinas disponibles.
Gadorthomus barrancoi gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini) de la península ibérica, y contextualización taxonómica entre las especies de Euchroina del Viejo Mundo
Authors: Ortuño Vicente M.
Published: October 2024

Se estudia una serie de Carabidae con aspecto de Orthomus Chaudoir, 1838, colectados en el Medio Subterráneo Superficial (MSS) de la sierra de Gádor (Almería, España). El estudio comparativo de la genitalia masculina y de otros rasgos anatómicos confirma que es una nueva especie y, también, un nuevo género. Se describen ambos taxones y se ubican en la línea filética de los Euchroina próximos a Orthomus, pero combinando caracteres típicos de varios géneros. La pilosidad dorsal de los tarsos es compartida con algunos géneros macaronésicos (Eutrichopus Tschitschérine, 1897; Wolltinerfia Machado, 1985; Gietopus Machado, 1992) y del norte de África (Trichopedius Bedel, 1899). La presencia regular de tres poros setígeros discales junto a la 3ª interestría, incluso cuatro poros, es un rasgo compartido con el género monoespecífico de Yemen Parorthomus Guéorguiev, Wrase & Farkač, 2014. La presencia de estriola escutelar bien desarrollada también es compartida con Parorthomus y con Orthomus, Nesorthomus Bedel, 1899 y Abacillodes Straneo, 1988 (algo más corta en Abacillius Straneo, 1949), pero se distingue de los Euchroina paleárticos occidentales, con excepción de Orthomus tazekensis tazekensis (Antoine, 1941), por no tener poro setígero escutelar. La combinación de estos caracteres indica que no es posible ubicar la nueva especie entre los géneros conocidos.
Security of the Tomorrow's Cyber Physical Systems
Authors: Biswas Ankur , Roy Abhishek , Tikader Priyadarshini , Dhabliya Dharmesh , Wanjale Kirti H. , Pramanik Sabyasachi , Gupta Ankur
Published: October 2024

The industrial sector has emerged as a hub for research on the quickly emerging field of smart technology throughout the last few decades. Smart technology (ST) included a wide range of cutting-edge technologies, such as block chains, artificial intelligence, cyberphysical production systems, internet of things, industrial internet of things (IOT), and systematic data analysis. The authors provide an overview of numerous smart technologies that may be used to control the complex properties of computer and sensor technologies, with the goal of reducing the gap between people and robots. This chapter presents the whole literature evaluation on the use of ST to enhance the production and maintenance of machinery and equipment, as well as potential risks to ST. This chapter also includes the survey report that compares the adoption rate of the current technology to that of the previous five years in an effort to lower the amount of human labor needed in the industrial sector by utilizing a variety of sensors, affordable techniques, and real-time results.
Flight to Crisis, Navigating Operational Challenges
Authors: Baranidharan S. , Devesh Sonal , K. N. Dhakshayini , Chandrakala G.
Published: October 2024

This case study explores the tumultuous journey of Go First, an airline marred by allegations of recurrent engine failures. Investigating the aftermath of these accusations, the case scrutinises the intricate interplay between safety, regulatory compliance, and financial viability in the aviation industry. Drawing from qualitative research and a comprehensive review of secondary sources, the narrative delves into the operational disruptions, safety concerns, financial strains, and reputational damage faced by the airline. The study contributes unique insights into crisis management, offering educators, researchers, and industry professionals a real-world context for understanding and addressing operational challenges within the aviation sector.
Evaluation of three inert materials in controlling Cowpea weevil (Callasobruchus maculatus F.) on stored cowpea (Vigna unguiculate L.)
Authors: Karunakaran S. , Shiromiya P. A. , Niranjana R. F.
Published: October 2024

Eco-friendly inert materials can be achieved minimizing insect damages, this study was conducted to explore the efficacy of the three inert materials at 20% (w/w) paddy husk ash (PHA), fine dry sea salt and tiny bricks against the cowpea weevil C. maculatus on stored cowpea (V. unguiculata) on the basis of adulticidal effects and asses the influence against germination losses of the seeds. The result exhibited a significant difference (p≤ 0.0001) in their level of weevil attack during the storage. Maximum 100% adult mortality was recorded in the cowpea seeds incorporated with PHA after 96 hours of the treatment followed by dry salt it was observed 94% at the 5th day whereas, tiny bricks killed only 20% weevils as untreated control until 5th day after the treatment. Further, PHA treated seeds much reduced the capable of the egg laying capacity of weevil (9.8± 0.58eggs/ female) as well as minimized the production of new progenies (13.6 ± 0.37) and also there were recorded 0.03% weight loss and zero percent germination losses proving it to be best protectant on stored cowpea. However, significantly (p≤ 0.0001) any adverse effects that, egg laying capacity and new progeny production did not visible in dry salt up to 90 days after the treatments except minimize the germination loss. Among the inert materials used, tiny bricks were found ineffective to cause adult mortality, fecundity and adult emergency in F1 generation (119.8± 1.78), it was further increased production of new weevils obtained following the next F2 generation (1301 ± 0.65) and play down the losses of weight and germination of the seeds. Considering it was noticed tiny bricks treated seeds significantly equivalence with the level of damage by the weevil C. maculatus in untreated control on stored cowpea.
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and quality parameters of three sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) varieties
Authors: Pratheeban S. , De Silva C. S. , Silva A. L. C. , De Silva S.
Published: October 2024

This study examines the effects of nitrogen on the growth, yield and quality of three sugarcane varieties under irrigated conditions in the low country dry zone of Sri Lanka. Three sugarcane varieties (SL96-128, SL04-624 and SL8306) were tested at four nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 100, 200, 300 kg/ha) in a split plot design with four replicates. Selected growth, yield and quality parameters were studied in this field experiment. The results of the study demonstrated that application of 100kg/ha or 300kg/ha N fertilizer has shown highest girth of stem (cm), partitioning biomass to millable stalk (PBMS), brix and pol percentage in all three varieties, SL04-624, SL8306 and SL96-128. In addition, variety SL04-624 have shown highest total above ground biomass production (dry matter) (41987.8kg/ha), partitioning biomass to millable stalk (PBMS) (74.5%), brix (19.4%), pol (17.1%) and pure obtainable cane sugar (POCS) (12.3%). Therefore 100k/ha (N2) could be concluded as the best rate of N fertilizer application for the varieties tested in this study considering the cost of production, environmental and groundwater pollution. SL04-624 could be recommended as the most suitable variety for low country wet zone of Sri Lanka responding to 100kg/ha N fertilizer.