bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prosthesis preference in the adult USA population with partial edentulism
Authors: Li Jiale , Ji Zhaohua , Zhao Zhe , Wang Fu , Tian Min
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prosthesis and investigate how demographic and socioeconomic characteristics influence preferences for restoration types in the adult population of the United States over 20 years of age.
Methods
The study utilized data from 7,805 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted from 2017 to March 2020, prior to the pandemic. Among participants with partial edentulism, we examined demographic and socioeconomic variables, dentition status, and restoration types. Separate measurements were taken for the maxilla and mandible jaws. Restoration types included "restoration (R)" and "no restoration (N)." The restoration group encompassed two types: removable partial dentures (RPDs) and fixed partial dentures (FPDs). We compared the percentage of categorical variables between restoration types using chi-square tests. Multinomial logistic regression models were employed to explore the relationship between prosthetic preferences and demographic and socioeconomic factors, both unadjusted and adjusted for all characteristics, including the number of missing teeth.
Results
The proportion of participants wearing only RPDs or FPDs relative to those without any restorations was 0.33 in the maxilla and 0.23 in the mandible. In the maxilla, the number of participants wearing only RPDs relative to those wearing only FPDs was 1.00, while in the mandible, it was 1.38. The results indicated that individuals who were younger, male, of Mexican American or Non-Hispanic Black ethnicity, possessed lower educational attainment, were never married, had a low income-to-poverty ratio, held private insurance, or were unemployed were more inclined to choose no restoration. In contrast, older males, Non-Hispanic Black individuals, those with lower educational attainment, lower income-to-poverty ratios, and those who were unemployed or retired were more likely to choose RPDs over FPDs. Furthermore, never-married individuals and those with private insurance were more likely to choose FPDs in the maxilla (p ≤ 0.01).
Conclusions
Significant differences were observed among restoration types and demographic and socioeconomic variables, as well as dentition status in both the upper and lower jaws.
Clinical significance
By controlling for demographic characteristics, this study underscores the significance of socioeconomic variables in the restoration of partial edentulism.
Digitisation and Georeferencing of an Oversized Historical Map of the Bailiwick of Neuland (Winsen/Luhe) using Structure-from-motion (SFM) Photogrammetry
Authors: Kersten Thomas P. , Stößel Leon , Lindstaedt Maren
Published: November 2023

The study of historical maps has gained significant importance in recent years due to their ability to shed light on past geographical and topographic landscapes, since they serve as crucial sources for understanding past conditions. They do not only provide insights into the geography and topography during the time they were created but also allow for studying long-term changes over time. In this study, an oversized historical map of the Bailiwick of Neuland from the years 1780 to 1790 was discovered in the archives of the municipal building office in Winsen an der Luhe, Germany. The map, measuring approximately 5 m × 2 m, was digitised by photogrammetric methods and subsequently georeferenced. The process involved photographing the map with two different cameras and two UAV systems at the Geodetic Laboratory of HafenCity University Hamburg. This allowed to generate a high-resolution orthophoto from each data set. The resulting orthophoto achieved a pixel size of 0.2 mm, ensuring detailed representation of the map. To ensure accuracy, the best photo block was scaled in a bundle block adjustment using control points with an accuracy of 1 mm and scale bars with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Georeferencing of the historical map was conducted using current digital orthophotos of Lower Saxony with a resolution of 20 cm. A third-degree polynomial transformation was applied during georeferencing, resulting in mean residuals of 2.5 m at the ground control points. This process ensured that the historical map was accurately aligned with the current digital orthophotos, allowing for precise spatial referencing.
Multi-User Directional Modulation with Reconfigurable Holographic Surfaces
Authors: YAĞAN Muhammet Yaser , KEŞİR Samed , HÖKELEK İbrahim , PUSANE Ali Emre , GÖRÇİN Ali
Published: November 2023

Large intelligent surfaces arise as an emerging technology and critical building block for sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) have been attracting significant attention recently as active antenna arrays with the capability of forming narrow beams at low cost and complexity. This paper introduces the directional modulation (DM) concept for RHS, where a large number of elements is exploited to control not only the signal's power at the receiver but also its phase. Thus, a novel DM algorithm is proposed for RHS enables modulating a carrier wave to transmit information towards specific directions while broadcasting arbitrary signals towards other directions. Error vector magnitude (EVM) results are reported for multiple users, where the directions of two users with respect to the RHS are varied. Mutual information result is also provided for 6 users to demonstrate the application of RHS for the physical layer security. Results are highly promising for future low-cost and secure spatially multiplexed communications.
Confronting the Invincible: Emerging superbug Acinetobacter baumannii endocarditis
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Kattamuri Lakshmi Prasanna Vaishnavi , Krishna Sai Vamshi , Soneja Manish
Published: November 2023

Background
Acinetobacter baumannii causing endocarditis, though rare, affects both native and prosthetic valves. Limited clinical data exist, emphasizing the risk of delayed diagnosis and higher mortality in native valve cases. Multidrug resistance and limited therapeutic options make it necessary to adopt tailored strategies for successful management.
Case Presentation
We report a young male with a history of anabolic steroid and intravenous drug use presented with a week-long history of high-grade fever, jaundice, diminished vision, and shortness of breath. Initial investigations and imaging revealed mitral and aortic valve endocarditis, prompting surgical intervention. Subsequent culture of the vegetation isolated Acinetobacter baumannii and was treated with targeted antibiotic therapy.
Conclusions
Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug-resistant pathogen emerging as a cause of native and prosthetic valve endocarditis. There have only been a few case reports regarding Acinetobacter baumannii. We want to highlight the importance of surgery and culture-guided antibiotics for successful outcomes.
Exploring the Knowledge and Skills Required for Effective Family Caregiving in Elderly Home Care. A qualitative study
Authors: Hailu Gebrezabher , Abdelkader Muntaha , Asfaw Feven , Meles Hailemariam
Published: November 2023

Back ground: Family caregivers play a crucial role in providing physical, emotional, and social support to the elderly, allowing them to maintain their independence and stay in their preferred living environment. However, family caregivers face numerous challenges and require specific knowledge and skills to provide effective care. These caregivers are often untrained and may lack the necessary knowledge and skills to fulfill their caregiving responsibilities adequately. Therefore, understanding the knowledge and skills required for effective family caregiving in elderly home care is vital to support both the caregivers and the elderly recipients. Methods: The research was carried out in Mekelle City, Ethiopia, utilizing the phenomenology study design and purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty-two in-depth interviews were conducted. Data was gathered through the use of an open-ended guide, transcribed word-for-word, inputted into ATLAS.ti8 software, and translated. Codes and themes were then extracted from the transcribed data, and a thematic analysis was performed. Results: This study involved a total of 22 in-depth interviews. The findings revealed that while the participants possessed knowledge of common health issues faced by older individuals, they lacked knowledge regarding home based management care of these conditions and awareness of healthcare resources specially designed for the elderly. Additionally, they were not well informed about appropriate exercise routines, fall prevention, and home healthcare activities for older individuals. However, they demonstrated a strong understanding and awareness of abusive behaviors targeted towards older adults. Conclusion: The findings highlighted the need for improving education and training for family care givers in the management of geriatric health conditions, promoting awareness about specialized healthcare services for the elderly, enhancing knowledge of ADLs and fall prevention, and providing comprehensive training in healthcare activities relevant to elder care.
Eosinophilic duodenitis misdiagnosed as acute pancreatitis in a child: a case report
Authors: Yu Jia-ke , Chen Yi , Cao Hai , Liu Fang , Yao Huan-ying , Liu Wei-rong
Published: November 2023

Background: Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders beyond Eosinophilic Esophagitis (non-EoE EGIDs) are chronic rare inflammatory disorders characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Case presentation: We report the first pediatric case of eosinophilic duodenitis (one type of the non-EoE EGIDs) with concomitant pancreatic reaction that was misdiagnosed as acute pancreatitis (AP). A 13-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital for a week of abdominal distension, vomiting, and epigastric pain that worsened recently. She was suspected of AP based on increased amylase and lipase values and relevant imaging findings. During hospitalization, her clinical manifestation improved, while the eosinophilia was more aggravated without a known cause. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed, and histopathological evidence demonstrated the diagnosis of Eosinophilic duodenitis, which was treated with oral prednisone tapering. During the 1-year follow-up, the patient was symptom-free and presented no signs of recurrence.
Conclusions: Although rare, pediatricians should consider non-EoE EGIDs and not falsely diagnose AP in children with increased amylase and lipase values and peripheral blood eosinophilia.
Feeling better versus feeling good: interpreting pain relief using minimal clinically important differences and patient acceptable symptom states for patients who underwent lung cancer surgery
Authors: Kang Dan , Zhang Ruoyi , Xu Wei , Dai Wei , Su Xueyao , Huang Yanyan , Zhang Jingyu , Chen Jiaojiao , Xiang Rumei , Shi Qiuling
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Selection of thresholds for pain relief remains empirical and controversial. This study aimed to demonstrate the performance of two mostly used concepts, MCID and PASS, in interpreting perioperative recovery in patients undergoing VATS for lung cancer.
Methods
Patients undergoing VATS were asked to report their pain score daily on a 0–10 scale using PSA-Lung, a validated PRO tool for perioperative symptom measurement. If patients reported a pain score above 3 on the first day post-surgery, pain relief were defined either by MCID (feeling better) or PASS (feeling good) Factors associated with pain relief defined by those two thresholds were analyzed via cox regression models. Median days of pain relief were illustrated using K-M curves.
Results
Among 881 patients with POD1 pain ≥ 4, 805(91.37%) achieved ‘feeling better', and 775 (87.97%)achieved 'feeling good'(P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that CCI scores ([HR]1.234,95%CI 1.022–1.490, P < 0.05) were associated with "feeling better" and single-port thoracoscopic surgery ([HR]1.192,95%CI1.017-1.397, P < 0.05) and no postoperative complications ([HR] 1.316, 95% CI 1.123–1.543) were associated with "feeling good". Using the log-rank test, we identified that patients with better CCI scores needed 4 days (95% CI = 4–5) to "feel better" whereas those with lower CCI scores needed 5 (95%CI = 3–7). Patients undergoing single-port thoracoscopic surgery required 6 days (95% CI = 5–6) to achieve a "feeling good" state compared to 7 days(95%CI = 6–8)for patients undergoing multi-port thoracoscopic surgery (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Responders, defined using the MCID and PASS, had similar rates of postoperative pain relief. However, the low agreement between responders and the unique predictors of responders suggests distinct underlying mechanisms and diverse potential applications of these two therapies.
Introducing Mplots: Scaling Time Series Recurrence Plots to Massive Datasets
Authors: Shahcheraghi Maryam , Mercer Ryan , Rodrigues João Manuel de Almeida , Der Audrey , Gamboa Hugo Filipe Silveira , Zimmerman Zachary , Mauck Kerry , Keogh Eamonn
Published: November 2023

Time series similarity matrices (informally, recurrence plots or dot-plots), are useful tools for time series data mining. They can be used to guide data exploration, and various useful features can be derived from them and then fed into downstream analytics. However, time series similarity matrices suffer from very poor scalability, taxing both time and memory requirements. In this work, we introduce novel ideas that allow us to scale the largest time series similarity matrices that can be examined by several orders of magnitude. The first idea is a novel algorithm to compute the matrices in a way that removes dependency on the subsequence length. This algorithm is so fast that it allows us to now address datasets where the memory limitations begin to dominate. Our second novel contribution is a multiscale algorithm that computes an approximation of the matrix appropriate for the limitations of the user’s memory/screen-resolution, then performs a local, just-in-time recomputation of any region that the user wishes to zoom-in on. Given that this largely removes time and space barriers, human visual attention then becomes the bottleneck. We further introduce algorithms that search massive matrices with quadrillions of cells and then prioritize regions for later examination by either humans or algorithms. We will demonstrate the utility of our ideas for data exploration, segmentation, and classification in domains as diverse as astronomy, bioinformatics, entomology, and wildlife monitoring.
A Landscape Governance Approach to Mining Landscape Restoration: Assessing the Evidence in Ghana
Authors: Kaye-Essien Charles Wharton , Yankson Eric
Published: November 2023

Ghana has been struggling to manage the human insecurities of mining resource extraction for several years. Many past approaches have been piecemeal and sector-based interventions, producing limited results. In recent times however, government with support from the World Bank, has shifted attention toward integrated landscape management programs. But to what extent do these programs address the principles and challenges of landscape governance? We answer this question using two landscape restoration programs― the Multi-Sectoral Mining Integrated Project (MMIP) and the Ghana Landscape Restoration and Small-Scale Mining Project (GLRSSMP)―as empirical lenses. Using document analyses as methodology and integrated landscape governance as analytical framework, our findings suggest that the two programs partially meet the desired criteria, and have shortcomings in terms of polycentric governance, multistakeholder engagement and capacity building. The study thus proposes a reconfiguration of the current district mining committees in multi-scalar and multi-actor mining governance regimes. It also articulates knowledge pluralism that is community driven.
Evaluation of two-dimensional total bone uptake (2D-TBU) and bone scan index (BSI) extracted from active bone metastatic burden on the bone scintigraphy in patients with radium-223 treatment
Authors: Fukai Shohei , Daisaki Hiromitsu , Umeda Takuro , Shimada Naoki , Terauchi Takashi , Koizumi Mitsuru
Published: November 2023

Objective: Radium-223 is a first-line alpha-emitting radionuclide treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with bone metastases, and the completion and prognosis of this treatment are intensively studied. Although the spread-based bone scan index (BSI) and the novel index of intensity-based two-dimensional total bone uptake (2D-TBU) from anomalous hot spot counts of bone scintigraphy may provide useful input in radium-223 treatment, they have not been evaluated in detail yet. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating BSI and 2D-TBU in patients treated with radium-223.
Methods: Twenty-seven Japanese patients with mCRPC treated with radium-223 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were evaluated via blood tests and bone scans at baseline and 3 cycles intervals of treatment. BSI and 2D-TBU were analyzed via VSBONE BSI in terms of correlations, response to radium-223 treatment, and association with treatment completion, and the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed.
Results: Nineteen patients (70.4%) completed six cycles of radium-223 treatment, whereas eight patients (29.6%) did not complete the treatment regimen. A significant difference in baseline BSI and 2D-TBU was observed between these groups of patients. Both BSI and 2D-TBU were highly correlated with treatment response (r = 0.96, p < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed an association between radium-223 completion in median BSI and 2D-TBU values (p = 0.015) and completion percentage differences (91.7% vs. 45.5%; p = 0.027). The Kaplan–Meier product limit estimator showed that the median overall survival was 25.2 months (95% CI: 14.0–33.6 months) in the completion group and 7.5 months (95% CI: 3.3–14.2 months) in the without completion group (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Both BSI and 2D-TBU showed high correlations and strong agreement with treatment response. In particular, BSI could contain information not only on the spread but also on the comprehensive active intensity of the bone metastatic burden. Furthermore, both indices were associated with treatment completion with superior prognosis in the completion group. This study supports the necessity of preliminary assessment using BSI and 2D-TBU extracted from VSBONE BSI for radium-223 treatment decisions and monitoring.
Parallel 8-directional Array P Systems: An
Application to a Robot Motion Planning Inside a
Rectangular Grid
Authors: Williams Sureshkumar , M Sudhakar , N Narayanan Prasanth
Published: November 2023

A new array P system variant, parallel 8-directional array P systems, is introduced in this paper. In addition, we have found an application for such a system when moving a robot in a rectangular grid from source to destination without colliding with obstacles. The following four cases of robot motion have been discussed. In the grid, we start with a fixed number of static obstacles, followed by a fixed number of dynamic obstacles moving with constant speed, a fixed number of dynamic obstacles moving with varying speeds, and finally, varying numbers of dynamic obstacles moving with constant speed. All these algorithms were solved in polynomial time.
Association between sleep traits and risk of colorectal cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: He Fan , Yang Fuyu , Tang Chenglin , Chen Defei , Xiong Junjie , Zou Yu , Qian Kun
Published: November 2023

Background
Sleep disorders are closely related to disease, especially the impact on cancer has received increasing attention. This study aimed to investigate whether sleep traits have a causal relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC) through a Two-sample Mendelian randomization study (MR).
Methods
In this study, we selected genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for seven sleep traits (sleep duration, get up in the morning, chronotype, nap during day, insomnia, snoring, and daytime dozing) from pooled data of published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Two-sample MR and multivariate MR analysis study were first conducted to assess the causal association between sleep traits and CRC. The reverse MR analysis was evaluated to the causal relationship between CRC and sleep traits. Inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median were applied to perform the primary MR Analysis.
Results
The multivariate MR analysis found that sleep duration (p = 0.038) and get up in the morning (p = 0.043) were protective effect on CRC, snoring (p = 0.031) were associated with the risk of CRC, get up in the morning (p = 0.003) would reduce the risk of colon cancer, chronotype (p = 0.035) were associated with the risk of colon cancer, and insomnia (p = 0.027) was the protective factor of rectal cancer. There is no evidence found that a causal association between other sleep traits and CRC, colon cancer and rectum cancer through the IVW.
Conclusion
This study indicated that sleep duration and get up in the morning might keep us away from CRC, especially colon cancer, and snoring is the adverse effect on CRC.
Relationship between adolescent Internet addiction and adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Liu Nan , Wang Lin , Yin Jiemei , Peng Aiqing
Published: November 2023

Background: Both internet addiction and non-suicidal self-injury are major public health concerns among adolescents, association between internet addiction and non-suicidal self-injury have been observed among adolescents. However, it is unclear how, and under what conditions, internet addiction relates to non-suicidal self-injury. Therefore, this study aimed to construct a moderated mediation model to examine the roles of loneliness and cognitive reappraisal in the relationship between internet addiction and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents.
Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1046 Chinese adolescents. They were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. The questionnaires assessed IA, NSSI, loneliness and cognitive reappraisal.
Results: IA was positively associated with NSSI, and loneliness partially mediated the association between them. In addition, cognitive reappraisal moderated the first half path of the mediation model. Specifically, the higher the level of cognitive reappraisal, the weaker the positive effect of IA on NSSI through loneliness.
Conclusion: Interventions targeted to reduce loneliness and increase cognitive reappraisal strategies may reduce the risk of NSSI in adolescents with Internet addiction.
Evaluation of ALKBH2 gene expression in patients with adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Wada Yuji , Naito Tadasuke , Ushirogawa Hiroshi , Hatamoto Ayaka , Mizoguchi Yuri , Fukushima Takuya , Saito Mineki
Published: November 2023

Background
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic virus that causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Patients infected with HTLV-1 are considered HTLV-1 carriers, and a small proportion of patients progress to life-threatening ATL after a long asymptomatic phase. Although countermeasures have been developed to combat HTLV-1 infection and ATL, their pathogenesis remains unclear. Recently, members of the AlkB homolog (ALKBH) family have been shown to participate in oncogenesis in various cancer types, and ALKBH2 is intensively investigated as an interesting candidate in the research field of cancer. To investigate the potential role of ALKBH2 in the pathogenesis of ATL, we analyzed their gene expression dynamics in peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived clinical specimens obtained from asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers and patients with acute-type ATL.
Results
The mRNA expression level of ALKBH2 was significantly decreased in asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers, but reverted in patients with acute-type ATL, correlating with HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper (HBZ) gene expression. Analysis of HBZ transgenic mice suggested inhibited trend of ALKBH2 pre-mRNA expression, and unbalanced mRNA and pre-mRNA expression of ALKBH2 in spleen cells. Then, the pre-mRNA expression of ALKBH2 was investigated in clinical specimens, and it was revealed that they were significantly suppressed in patients infected with HTLV-1, but not in healthy controls. It was also confirmed the unbalanced mRNA and pre-mRNA expression of ALKBH2 was prominent in patients with acute-type ATL.
Conclusions
We discovered dynamically regulated patterns of ALKBH2 gene expression in patients infected with HTLV-1. This study provides novel insights into the roles of ALKBH2 and HBZ in HTLV-1 infection, and contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of ATL.
Changes of White Matter Integrity and Structural Network Topology in Carotid Stenosis Patients with Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhu Huan , Yu Tao , Li Wenjie , Wang Peijiong , Zhang Qihang , Zhu Chenyu , Liu Tong , Zhang Qian , Zhao Jizong , Zhang Yan
Published: November 2023

Background
Patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS) may have varying degrees of cognitive decline. Some patients have severe cognitive impairment fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), and the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon remain uncertain. We aim to investigate the reasons in terms of microstructural changes of white matter and alterations in structural network topology in CAS patients with VCI.
Methods
We included 38 unilateral CAS patients, 28 of whom were diagnosed with VCI. Each patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans and cognitive assessment. The microstructural integrity of white matter assessed by diffusion tensor imaging and structural network topology was jointly investigated. Correlation analyses were also performed between the structural metrics and general cognitive function.
Results
Decreased fractional anisotropy of white matter fibers including bilateral anterior thalamic radiations, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, forceps major and forceps minor (P < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected) were observed in patients with VCI. Both groups showed small-world topology. The global efficiency and local efficiency of VCI group were decreased, while the small worldness and the characteristic path length increased compared with that of the non-VCI group (P < 0.05). The integrity of forceps minor, left anterior thalamic radiations and bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi were associated with general cognition (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Damage to white matter fibers in the frontal lobe and changes in the topological properties of structural networks were the underlying mechanisms of cognitive function deterioration in patients with CAS. The integrity of Fmin, left ATR, and bilateral IFOF may serve as early markers of VCI for CAS patients.
Multiplexed analysis of macrophage polarisation in pulmonary metastases of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
Authors: Karjula Topias , Elomaa Hanna , Väyrynen Sara A. , Kuopio Teijo , Ahtiainen Maarit , Mustonen Olli , Puro Iiris , Niskakangas Anne , Mecklin Jukka-Pekka , Böhm Jan , Wirta Erkki-Ville , Seppälä Toni T. , Sihvo Eero , Yannopoulos Fredrik , Helminen Olli , Väyrynen Juha
Published: November 2023

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) express a continuum of phenotypes ranging from an anti-tumoural M1-like phenotype to a pro-tumoural M2-like phenotype. During cancer progression, TAMs may shift to a more M2-like polarisation state, but the role of TAMs in CRC metastases is unclear. We conducted a comprehensive spatial and prognostic analysis of TAMs in CRC pulmonary metastases and corresponding primary tumours using multiplexed immunohistochemistry and machine learning-based image analysis. We obtained data from 106 resected pulmonary metastases and 74 corresponding primary tumours. TAMs in the resected pulmonary metastases were located closer to the cancer cells and presented a more M2-like polarised state in comparison to the primary tumours. Higher stromal M2-like macrophage densities in the invasive margin of pulmonary metastases were associated with worse 5-year overall survival (HR 3.19, 95% CI 1.35–7.55, p = 0.008). The results of this study highlight the value of multiplexed analysis of macrophage polarisation in cancer metastases and might have clinical implications in future cancer therapy.
Antibiotic discovery with artificial intelligence for the treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii infections
Authors: Smani Younes , Boulaamane Yassir , Panadero Irene Molina , Hmadcha Abdelkrim , Rey Celia Atalaya , Baammi Soukayna , Allali Achraf El , Maurady Amal
Published: November 2023

The global challenges presented by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections have stimulated the development of new treatment strategies. We reported that OmpW is a potential therapeutic target in Acinetobacter baumannii. Here, a library of 11,648 natural compounds was subjected to a primary screening using QSAR models generated from a ChEMBL dataset with >7,000 compounds with their reported MIC values against A. baumannii followed by a structure-based virtual screening against OmpW. In silico ADME evaluation was conducted to assess the drug-likeness of these compounds. The ten highest-ranking compounds were found to bind with an energy score ranging from -7.8 to -7.0 kcal/mol where most of them belonged to curcuminoids. To validate these findings, one lead compound exhibiting promising binding stability as well as favourable pharmacokinetics properties, namely demethoxycurcumin was tested against a panel of A. baumannii strains to determine its antibacterial activity using microdilution and time-kill curve assays. To validate whether the compound binds to the selected target, an OmpW-deficient mutant was also studied and compared to the wild-type. Our results demonstrate that demethoxycurcumin in monotherapy and in combination with colistin is active against all A. baumannii strains. Moreover, an increased bacterial growth was observed in the OmpW-deficient mutant suggesting the importance of OmpW for the compound to exhibit its antibacterial activity. Finally, the compound was found to significantly reduce the interaction of A. baumannii with host cells suggesting its anti-virulence properties. Collectively, this study demonstrates artificial intelligence as a promising strategy for the discovery of curcuminoids as antimicrobial agents for combating A. baumannii infections.
Protocol for the Development and Evaluation of Elderly Active & Connected: An Integral Neighbourhood-oriented Approach to Support Healthy Ageing in Low Socioeconomic Older Adults
Authors: Duijsens Lieke J.E. , Lechner Lilian , Peels Denise A. , Bolman Catherine A.W.
Published: November 2023

Background
The rapid ageing of our society poses significant challenges, including an increase in chronic diseases and loneliness among older adults, leading to higher demands for care and support. An integral approach can potentially address the complex support needs of older adults, particularly those in a low socioeconomic position (SEP). For this purpose, we developed Elderly Active & Connected (EAC), a neighbourhood-oriented integral approach focused on supporting healthy ageing in low-SEP older adults. This article outlines EAC’s development process, involving co-creation and a protocol to assess its efficacy.
Methods
The current study employed the Intervention Mapping (IM) protocol, a systematic six-step framework, to develop EAC. The development prioritised co-creation to understand better and align with the needs of low-SEP older adults. This collaboration involved municipalities, local stakeholders, and low-SEP older adults, informing various stages of EAC’s development.
To address the multidimensional nature of healthy ageing, EAC focuses on increasing physical activity, strengthening social connectedness, and improving digital literacy. Building on the proven-effective Active Plus physical activity intervention, EAC extends its scope by incorporating additional holistic and neighbourhood-oriented strategies for support.
EAC’s performance and change objectives were established, integrating existing Active Plus elements and new objectives derived from literature and a needs assessment. Theoretical methods and practical applications were identified, supplemented by strategies informed by co-creation. Intervention materials were adjusted and improved to align with EAC’s methodologies, incorporating linguistic revisions and the involvement of neighbourhood ambassadors.
As a final step, a randomised controlled trial will evaluate EAC’s impact on physical activity, loneliness, social cohesion, health-related quality of life, and digital literacy. This trial will focus on community-dwelling older adults living in both rural and (heavily) urbanised neighbourhoods. This comprehensive evaluation employs various assessments, such as questionnaires and discussions, to provide a nuanced understanding of the intervention’s effectiveness.
Discussion
The EAC intervention, building on Active Plus, shows promise in addressing ageing-related risk factors. Pending a large-scale randomised controlled trial, EAC’s effectiveness may guide future strategies for the integral promotion of public health in vulnerable populations.
Trial registry
This study was prospectively registered at the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN17170098; November 10, 2022).
Rolle der microRNAs in der Pathophysiologie der Bronchiolitis obliterans
Authors:   , Kochems Annalena
Published: November 2023

Einleitung: Die Bronchiolitis obliterans ist eine seltene Lungenerkrankung unterschiedlicher Ätiologie, die mit einer chronischen Entzündung der kleinen Atemwege einhergeht. Mit der Identifizierung von Kandidaten-miRNA sollen Biomarker evaluiert werden, die in der Diagnostik der postinfektiösen Bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) herangezogen werden sowie in Zukunft eine mögliche Therapieoption darstellen können. Material und Methoden: 19 Patientinnen und Patienten mit PIBO sowie 18 gesunde Kontrollen wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Nach Komplettsequenzierung wurden die miRNA-Profile der Patienten mit den Profilen der alters- und geschlechtsadaptierten gesunden Kontrollgruppe verglichen. Als Nebenzielgrößen wurden die Lungenfunktion und Sputum-Biomarker erfasst. Ergebnisse: Die Patientenkohorte wies signifikant niedrigere Werte in der Lungenfunktionsdiagnostik (Patienten, Median: FVC (%) 76,3***, FEV1 (%) 59,8***, FEV1/FVC 0,68***, FEF75 (%) 25,1***, *p<0,05, **p<0,01, ***p<0,001) sowie eine signifikante Erhöhung der neutrophilen Granulozyten und der proinflammatorischen Zytokine IL-1β, IL-6 und IL-8 in der Sputumanalyse auf (Patienten, Median: Neutrophile (%) 82,5***, IL-1β (pg/ml) 1453,0**, IL-6 (pg/ml) 825,6**, IL-8 (pg/ml) 35368,0***). Die Analyse der miRNA-Expression ergab insgesamt 40 unterschiedlich regulierte miRNAs (padj ≤ 0,05). 22 miRNAs waren in der Patientenkohorte vermehrt exprimiert, 18 miRNAs waren vermindert exprimiert. Die vier miRNAs mit pbonf < 0,05 wurden in der weiteren Analyse berücksichtigt. Die miRNAs hsa-let-7b-3p und hsa-miR-146a-3p waren signifikant vermehrt exprimiert, wohingegen die miRNAs hsa-miR-1287-5p und hsa-miR-27b-3p signifikant vermindert exprimiert waren. Die identifizierten miRNAs spielen unter anderem eine Rolle im TGF-β- und Hippo-Signalweg. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das miRNA-Expressionsmuster bei Patienten, die an postinfektiöser Bronchiolitis obliterans erkrankt sind, alteriert ist. Die identifizierten miRNAs sind relevante Biomarker und können als potentielle Ziele von miRNA-Therapeutika in Betracht gezogen werden.
A utilização de modelos tridimensionais como instrumento de aprendizagem em educação ambiental
Authors: LEMOS JÚNIOR Clésio Barbosa , REIS Maria José , OLIVEIRA Juliana Mendonça de
Published: November 2023

Este relato refere-se a uma atividade de extensão, denominada oficina de maquetes, realizada pelos professores proponentes com os alunos do curso de Engenharia Ambiental da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG) - Unidade Passos. O objetivo principal foi possibilitar, aos alunos da graduação, o reforço do aprendizado dos temas e conceitos tratados na academia, para a confecção de maquetes temáticas que foram e continuarão sendo apresentadas em eventos educacionais e exposições, de forma a conscientizar as pessoas sobre a importância da proteção ambiental. Acreditamos que a abordagem, por meio de maquetes, das questões que envolvem a Educação Ambiental é uma forma eficaz de ensinar os conceitos ambientais às pessoas, notadamente às crianças e aos jovens. As maquetes permitem que seus observadores visualizem e compreendam melhor os sistemas naturais e os impactos das atividades humanas sobre o meio ambiente.
Exploring Blended Learning Designs for Community College Courses Using Community of Inquiry Framework
Authors: Chudaeva Elena , Blodgett Cynthia , Loth Guilherme , Somaskantha Thuvaragah
Published: November 2023

The goal of this single-phase and convergent mixed methods study was to compare the differences in the effectiveness of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) presences of a community college blended block instructional model with the in-person counterpart. Data were gathered from the Community of Inquiry Survey, Blackboard LMS reports, and course evaluation surveys. The results indicate that students had a better overall experience with the blended course. The blended block model provided flexibility while achieving course goals. Further, findings reveal differences in all three CoI presences between the two course formats with more student awareness of the presences in the in-person course.
Text-to-Speech Software and Reading Comprehension: The Impact for Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Raffoul Sandra , Jaber Lindsey
Published: November 2023

This literature review examines the use of text-to-speech (TTS) software as an accommodation for students with learning disabilities and its impact on improving reading comprehension. As the development and availability of TTS tools and assistive technologies have increased over the past decade, it is significant to explore how they are used to accommodate students at all levels of education to promote a universal design of learning. Based on a review of the current literature and utilizing self-regulated learning theory as a framework, four significant themes have emerged: (a) TTS being seen as a compensatory tool; (b) improving reading abilities and comprehension; (c) increasing student motivation and self-efficacy; and (d) the need for training for students, educators, and parents. Findings of this literature review revealed that overall, TTS software is commonly used as a compensatory tool (mainly at the postsecondary level), has assisted in students improving reading speed, fluency, and content retention, resulted in increased student self-efficacy in reading abilities and independent learning, and that there is a significant need to allocate training and technological resources to support students. As there are various directions for future research, exploring this area can contribute to schools promoting inclusive and accommodating learning environments.
The incorporation of GeoGebra as a visualisation tool to teach calculus in teacher education institutions: the Zambian case
Authors:   , Kangwa Lemmy
Published: November 2023

This qualitative case study investigated teacher educators’ (lecturers) use of the dynamic mathematics software, GeoGebra, to teach calculus in three teacher education institutions (TEIs) in Zambia. Visualisation, a key characteristic of GeoGebra, is increasingly gaining recognition of playing a critical role in mathematics teaching and learning, especially in problem solving tasks. It is considered a powerful didactical tool for students to construct mental and physical representations that can enhance conceptual understanding of mathematics. GeoGebra is a visualisation tool that can be used for problem-oriented teaching and foster mathematical experiments and discoveries. GeoGebra’s inherent visualisation characteristics align well with the teaching of calculus, the mathematical domain of this study. The study (whose research methodology was underpinned by the interpretive paradigm) was undertaken with a broader goal of designing and implementing GeoGebra applets and instructional materials on various calculus topics. The study is located within the “Teaching and Learning Mathematics with GeoGebra (TLMG) project” – a project that involves mathematics teachers and lecturers in Zambia. The case in this study is the six mathematics lecturers who co-designed and used GeoGebra applets to teach derivatives and integrals to pre-service mathematics teachers in TEIs. The unit of analysis therefore is the six lecturers’ use of GeoGebra as a visualisation tool to teach calculus to enhance conceptual understanding, their perceptions and experiences of using GeoGebra and the enabling and constraining factors of using GeoGebra to teach and learn mathematics. The data for the study were video recordings of observations and interviews of lecturers. The data was analysed thematically and was guided and informed by an analytical framework adopted from the theory of constructivism – the umbrella theoretical framework of this study – and the models of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A detailed analysis of the lecturers’ interactions with the applets enabled me to gain insights into the participants’ experiences and perceptions of GeoGebra applets in the teaching and learning process. The findings of the study revealed that the visualisation characteristics of GeoGebra generally enhanced the conceptual understanding of calculus. It also revealed that adequate training, coupled with sufficient knowledge of the subject matter in calculus, were necessary for lecturers to use GeoGebra effectively, and that the lack of resources and expertise were major hindrances in the use of GeoGebra to teach mathematics in TEIs. It also revealed that there is a need to equip GeoGebra with other features that would make it more versatile, and suggested a teaching approach that would complement the use of conventional methods and GeoGebra to provide a link between abstract and concrete concepts of calculus.
Authentication of Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M Perry) Delima and Citra Cultivars by Morphological and Molecular Approach
Authors: Mukaromah Arnia Sari , Ulfah Malia , Rachmah Annisa Nur , Arfan Muhammad Ramdhani , Kusumarini Niken , Febriana Asri
Published: November 2023

Wax apple Delima and Citra Cultivars are two superior non-climacteric tropical fruit commodities from Demak Regency which have similar morphological characters but have different fruit characteristics. Identification wax apple cultivars from Demak regency using DNA barcoding approach has not been researched yet.  The aims of this research are to analyze the morphological similarities of wax apple between Delima and Citra cultivars and to identify genetic variations of wax apple Delima and Citra using trnL-trnF intergenic spacer for molecularly authentication. The results shown that there were no differences in the environmental parameters of the wax apple two cultivated area in Demak Regency. According to the morphological approach, the Delima and Citra cultivars in Demak Regency were grouped separately into Delima and Citra clusters with a similarity index of 61.5% (Citra cultivars) and 60.5% (Delima cultivars) and separated based on the origin of their cultivation area. Genetic variations between wax apple Delima and Citra in Demak Regency consisted of deletions (9delA 17delA) and conserved P6 loop in all compared cultivars. The possibility of heteroplasmy R (A,G) found at 73 nucleotide number in Delima Betokan cultivar and Citra cultivars (Betokan and Jungpasir). Meanwhile, Delima Jungpasir cultivar is K (G,T). There were P8 stem-loops with different lengths between Delima cultivars (Betokan and Jungpasir) and the same length in Citra cultivars (Betokan and Jungpasir). Therefore, the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer has not been thoroughly used in wax apple Delima and Citra authentication due to the presence of a secondary structure which causes the loss of the electropherogram signal so that the nucleotide sequence cannot be read.
Assistance in Planning the Construction of Closed House Chicken Coops in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency
Authors: Masvika Hendra , Kusrin Kusrin , Pudjihardjo Hari Setijo , Purnijanto Bambang
Published: November 2023

The high demand for poultry production has recently prompted members of the Mbesi Chicken Farmers Group in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency, to focus on increasing productivity by optimizing the construction of their chicken coops. The closed-house system, suitable for the local environment and weather conditions, has been identified as the most appropriate type of poultry coop. However, the construction process is often outsourced, resulting in frequent design changes and price increases passed on to the breeders. To address this issue, the present Community Service (PkM) activity was carried out to assist farmers in creating design drawings for closed-house poultry coop buildings. The Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, involving direct mentoring, was employed to facilitate farmers in the process. The outcome of this community service was the submission of detailed design drawings for closed-house poultry coop buildings. An evaluation was conducted using pre-test and post-testassessments, revealing that 80% of participants could read and comprehend the design drawings for planning a closed-house chicken coop system. Accordingly, the findings indicated an improvement in the partner's competence in interpreting design drawings.
Determinant of corporate social responsibility in Islamic banking based on the Islamic social reporting index
Authors: Salsabilah Fanana Firdaus , Fitri Resfa
Published: November 2023

Purpose - This study aims to determine the level of CSR comparison in sharia-compliant banking based on the Islamic Social Reporting Index indicators and analyze the factors influencing its disclosure.Method - This study is quantitative research using secondary data. Population of this study is 9 Islamic Banks in Indonesia in 2017-2021. The selection of samples in this study used purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Panel Data regression analysis, Classic Assumption test, F-test, and T-test.Result - The results showed that two of the four variables thought to have an impact on ISR disclosure are found to have a significant impact. In contrast to leverage, which has a negative but considerable impact on ISR disclosure, company age has a positive and significant impact. The other two factors (profitability and company size) had less of an impact on ISR disclosure.Implication - Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia suggest to improve the financial performance in Corporate Social Responsibility with Isamic Social Reporting Index.Originality - This is a study to prove the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure on the annual report of Islamic banks using the Islamic Social Reporting Index indicator.