bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Running on Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review of Benefits and Risks
Authors: Bachoń Emilia , Doligalska Michalina , Stremel Aleksandra , Wesołowska Wiktoria , Leszyńska Agnieszka , Iwańska Martyna , Bałoniak Zuzanna
Published: December 2024

In recent years, running has become a very prevalent form of physical activity. Numerous studies indicate that it can have a beneficial effect on reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we look at the benefits and possible risks to the heart associated with running. Regular running can reduce the risk of all-cause death and improve heart and vascular function. The benefits from running are obtained by optimizing the dose of running to moderate levels. Running at high intensity or for long periods can cause problems such as heart tissue damage, arrhythmias, and exercise-induced hypertension (EIH), especially in middle-aged and older people. Marathons and ultra-endurance running (UER) are also associated with the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). This review discusses the latest information on the benefits and risks of running and examines the research on recreational running, marathons and, UER. This article aims to help people understand how running affects heart health and discusses the best amount of running to get the most health benefits while avoiding the negative effects. Information was collected from PubMed and Google Scholar.
The Impact of Sauna Use on the Cardiovascular System in Healthy and Cardiologically Burdened Individuals: A Literature Review
Authors: Ptak Anita , Szyc Michał
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction: As a popular way to relax, the sauna is used by many people. The safety of sauna use and the possible benefits of sauna attendance are the subject of scientific research. One of the most studied aspects is the impact and safety assessment of sauna use on people with cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the effects of the traditional Finnish sauna, the effectiveness of Waon therapy, which is a type of dry infrared sauna that was invented for the treatment of people with cardiovascular diseases, was analysed.
Aim of the study: Analysis of the available scientific research on the effects of traditional Finnish sauna and infrared sauna (so-called Waon) on the cardiovascular system in healthy people and those with cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, coronary heart disease, hypertension.
Methods: Review of the literature available in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases by searching with keywords such as ‘sauna’, ‘Finnish bath’, ‘waon’, ‘waon therapy’ ‘heart failure’, “chronic heart failure”, ’hypertension’ , ‘cardiovascular system’.
Conclusion: Conventional Finnish sauna and Waon therapy are interventions with proven positive effects on the cardiovascular system in many studies. The results show that these interventions help to lower blood pressure, improve vascular function, increase myocardial perfusion, induce a reduction in symptoms associated with heart failure and improve exercise tolerance in this patient group. Patients with heart failure are a large group that could potentially benefit from the use of sauna and especially Waon therapy, although there are studies showing that sauna can also protect healthy individuals from future hypertension.
Evaluation of the efficacy of apoE gene transfection
Authors: Białoszycka Żanna , Białoszycka Monika , Pachevska Alisa , Istoshyn Valerij , Biloshytska Alina , Simonova Irina
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Pathology of organs of the male reproductive system remains one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine, which is associated not only with patients’ impaired quality of life, but also with high rates of male infertility, which tends to increase.
 
The aim: To evaluate the efficacy of apoE gene transfection on the morphofunctional state of rat testes in experimental atherosclerosis.
 
Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 30 sexually mature male rats weighing 150-170 grams. Experimental animals were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 - intact animals. Group 2 – animals with experimental atherosclerosis; Group 3-animals with experimental atherosclerosis, which were intramuscularly injected with the apolipoprotein E gene at a dose of 50 μg of DNA per animal on the first day of modeling atherosclerosis. To study the efficiency of apolipoprotein E gene transfection on morphofunctional changes in testes, the following research methods were used: 1) histological; 2) biochemical; 3) reverse transcriptase PCR diagnostic method.
 
Results and discussion. Experimental cholesterol loading leads to impaired lipid metabolism, decreased serum testosterone levels, degenerative and dystrophic changes in the testis of experimental rats, which is manifested by luminal occlusion of blood vessels, overgrowth of connective tissue in the organ interstitium, decreased number and qualitative change of Sertoli and Leydig cells, as well as spermatogenic epithelium thinning and inhibition of gamete maturation process in it.
 
Conclusions: intramuscular transfection of the apoE gene inhibits lipid metabolism disorders and has a positive effect on the morphofunctional state of the testes of experimental animals.
The role of overweight, obesity and exercise therapy on low-back pain
Authors: Zagórski Karol , Kozik Mateusz , Skalska-Dziobek Nina , Małagocka Weronika , Chybowska Karolina , Naruszewicz Maria , Midro Aleksandra , Cetnarowski Przemysław
Published: December 2024

Introduction and purpose: Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of impairment worldwide and its occurrence is still growing. There are many modifiable risk factors contributing to developing LBP, especially obesity, smoking and physical work. In spite of a breakthrough in pharmacotherapy, lifestyle changes and exercise remain the primary prophylactic and treatment options. The aim of this paper was to summarize the data available in the literature and recent reports about the effect of obesity and overweight on LBP and the effectiveness of different exercise programs.
Material and methods: The literature was reviewed in the PubMed database, GoogleScholar and the Embase database with the use of keywords.
State of knowledge: Obesity and overweight measured by BMI and other indicators are associated with LBP. Waist circumference (WC), recommended by WHO to measure central obesity was found to increase the risk of chronic LBP by 30%, but a stronger correlation between obesity and LBP was found among the female population. Furthermore, there is low-to-moderate evidence that exercise therapy is superior to conservative treatment, when it comes to decreasing pain severity in low back pain. All in all, aerobic, Pilates, core strengthening and stabilization and flexibility exercises were effective in reducing pain with no significant differences between the particular types of training.
Summary: The information gathered indicates that obesity and overweight are essential risk factors for LBP. Also, various forms of exercise therapy help patients decrease pain in chronic LBP, however, they should be prescribed individually including preference and fitness level to promote compliance.
Immunological Abnormalities In PCOS
Authors: Barcińska Joanna Maria , Ostrowska-Czyżewska Aleksandra , Szwed Dominika
Published: December 2024

PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a condition associated with irregular ovulation, hyperandrogenism and metabolic disturbances. It affects 10-15% of reproductive ages and it is a common reason for infertility. The basis of PCOS is chronic low-grade inflammation, which is expressed by an increase in inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP, IL6, IFN gamma, TNF alpha, IL10, 17,18 MCP-1 and an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes especially Th1 and macrophages, eosinophils compared to the healthy population. The hormonal imbalances in  PCOS may contribute to dysregulation of the immune system, leading to the production of a diverse range of autoantibodies for a spectrum of systemic connective tissue diseases, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and Sjögren's syndrome. This article reviews the results of previous research on this topic. It was prepared to summarize the latest knowledge about immunological abnormalities in PCOS and to define new therapeutic drug action points.
Genetic causes of short stature in children
Authors: Inglot Jadwiga , Inglot Julia , Szczepański Michał , Bajak Mateusz , Feret Dominik Maciej , Mamczur Maciej , Zapasek Daniel , Słowik Julia , Sowa Damian , Kuliga Marcin
Published: December 2024

One of the essential elements of a visit to a pediatrician is a height measurement, which allows for the presentation of the child's growth tendency. Short stature is defined as a height that is lower than the average of a specific population, adjusted for age and sex, by at least 2 standard deviations, i.e., less than the 3rd percentile. Due to accompanying symptoms or their absence, the suspected etiology may vary. Genetic disorders are significant causes of short stature, especially among pediatric patients. The division distinguishes chromosomal, monogenic and polygenic disorders. Other possible causes of short stature may be the coexistence of chronic diseases or disorders of the endocrine system. In the case when the growth disorder is not a pathological condition, a variant of normal growth is diagnosed. In the diagnosis of short stature, in addition to a physical examination, it is sometimes necessary to perform laboratory or radiological tests, genetic tests, and specialist consultations.
Hormonal Influences on Women's Health and Athletic Performance: Insights into the Menstrual Cycle, Menopause, Contraception, and Anabolic Steroids
Authors: Maciejczyk Tomasz , Sadowski Jakub , Sieńko Antoni , Łabuś Małgorzata , Dołęga Julia , Mól Piotr , Zabawa Bartłomiej , Hudzińska Patrycja , Papież Łukasz Stanisław , Krzykawski Karol
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Hormones influence women's health and athletic performance, managing conditions like menstrual irregularities, menopause, and osteoporosis. Therapies such as oral contraceptives and IUDs benefit millions but pose risks like breast cancer and cardiovascular events. In sports, hormonal fluctuations affect performance, with steroid abuse raising concerns. This review examines their benefits, risks, and implications.
Materials and Methods: The study conducted a systematic review of the literature, utilizing databases including PubMed, NCBI, and Google Scholar. Data were obtained from clinical and experimental studies and evaluated based on methodological rigor, participant characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes. Articles lacking full-text access were excluded from the analysis.
State of knowledge: Hormones profoundly influence women's health and athletic performance, affecting the menstrual cycle, menopause, and responses to exercise. Physical activity improves cardiovascular and metabolic health but can disrupt hormonal balance with intense training. Hormonal contraceptives, anabolic steroids, and HRT impact health and performance, necessitating individualized approaches and further research.
Conclusions: Hormonal balance is vital for women's health and performance. Physical activity, contraception, and HRT have benefits but require tailored approaches to mitigate risks.
The Impact of Childhood Obesity on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Spychalski Jan , Musiał Mikołaj , Spychalska Maria , Dylik Adrianna , Gryczyńska Weronika , Grochowska Wiktoria , Kaczmarek Mikołaj , Krawczak Łukasz , Gulaczyk Hanna
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are among the main health issues affecting the child population in developed countries today. Excess body weight is observed in 29.7% of boys and 14.3% of girls aged 11 to 16 years. Studies reveal that childhood overweight increases the odds of having mental disorders in adolescence compared to children with a normal body weight.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to analyse the available literature in order to examine the impact of childhood obesity on mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, ADHD, eating disorders and schizophrenia,
Materials and methods: Comprehensive review of the literature available on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus database by searching the keywords “obesity”, “overweight”, “ mental health”, “childhood”, “mood disorders” “psychiatric disorders”, “anxiety”, “depression”, “eating disorders”, “ADHD”  
Results and conclusion: Childhood obesity is a growing global problem with physical and health consequences. It is associated with various factors such as social stigma, neurological imbalances or malfunction and other environmental factors related to obesity. It contributes to the growth of depression, ADHD, anxiety, eating disorders, OCD and even schizophrenia. Preventing and treating obese or overweight children have to be done, by affecting both physical and mental health.
Understanding the Educational and Social Difficulties in Children with Hemifacial Microsomia – A Literature Review
Authors: Pniak Michał , Miklis Paweł , Mawlichanów Maciej , Ciesielska Aleksandra , Sieradzka Aleksandra , Szerej Krzysztof , Czaplińska-Paszek Zofia , Kot Alicja , Wojtczak Marta , Myśliwiec Natalia , Róźycki Adrian
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital craniofacial defect, the second most common after cleft lip and palate. It is characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including mandibular hypoplasia, ear anomalies, and soft tissue defects. Patients may experience difficulties in learning, communication, and social relationships, which affect their quality of life and self-esteem. Study aims to evaluate the impact of defect on the neurodevelopmental and psychosocial outcomes in affected children. 
Materials and methods: Materials for the review were selected based on an analysis of publications published in the last 20 years.  
Results: In HFM patients with microtia, mandibular hypoplasia, young maternal age, and additional developmental anomalies, worse outcomes were observed in verbal, non-verbal, and academic skills. Studies on emotional functioning demonstrated a similar level of behavioral adjustment compared to control groups. Adolescents with HFM exhibited a lower tendency toward aggression and rule-breaking. Social problems, such as less frequent contact with peers or rejection by the group, were more common. This was particularly true for children with microtia and mandibular hypoplasia. 
Discussion: New studies emphasize that although some young children initially do not exhibit neurological or language deficits, there is an increased risk of educational and psychosocial difficulties in later life. Attention should be paid to patients with mandibular hypoplasia, microtia, and additional defects. Negative experiences in peer relationships and hearing loss may further adversely affect self-esteem and social functioning.  
Conclusions: HFM can affect the neurological and psychosocial development of children, especially in language and educational areas. Early intervention, assessment of psychosocial problems, provision of appropriate educational resources, and psychological support are crucial to improving patients' quality of life.
Effectiveness of lower limb arterial angioplasty
Authors: Szuciak Anna , Talarek Konrad , Szewczyk Julia , Świta Michał , Skierkowski Bartosz , Drelichowska Alicja , Ciszewski Przemysław , Azierski Michał , Pikor Damian
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Over 200 million individuals worldwide suffer with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The disease makes it difficult to function properly by limiting walking and physical activity, which also translates into a reduced quality of life.
Purpose  of  the  Study: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of lower limb angioplasty as a treatment to restore arterial patency, improve the patient's quality of life and reduce complications.
Methodology: A comprehensive search of databases was conducted from 2016, using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, using keywords such as ”angioplasty”, “peripheral artery disease”, “revascularization”, “endovascular intervention”,  “atherosclerosis, “quality of life”.
Results: Angioplasty and bypass surgery showed comparable amputation-free survival at two years, though bypass surgery improved overall survival by approximately seven months. Bypass surgery had significantly higher rates of infection compared to angioplasty, leading to increased hospital stays and associated costs. Socioeconomic status significantly influenced outcomes, with lower status relating to higher amputation rates. No significant superiority was observed between bypass surgery and angioplasty in many studies, though treatment choice should be guided by patient condition.
Conclusions: Angioplasty is a safe and effective way to treat PAD can help alleviate the growing global burden of the disease and reduce bed occupancy and improve productivity.
DEVELOPING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING STUDENT WORKSHEET ON MATRIX MATERIALS TO IMPROVE GRADE XI NATURAL SCIENCE STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Nurnugroho Burhanudin Arif , Khoirunisa Zahro
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted based on problems obtained from pre-research activities at MAS Taruna Al Quran Yogyakarta. During the pre-research, the researcher obtained information that the learning process tended to be one-way so that student involvement in the learning process was very minimal and the teaching materials used during the learning process were using LKPD from the publisher. The LKPD presents a summary of the material and contains questions that only focus on the students' understanding stage and the LKPD is also not able to improve critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills of class XI MAS Taruna Al Quran Yogyakarta students based on results pretest what has been done is classified in the medium category, but the interpretation indicators are still in the low category and the inference indicators are still in the medium category. This research aims to develop, determine the level of validity and practicality of LKPD-based Problem Based Learning on matrix material, as well as to improve students' critical thinking skills, especially on interpretation and inference indicators. The development model used in this research is the ADDIE model which has 5 development stages including 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, and 5) Evaluation. The results of this research are (1) the average result of the media expert assessment is 46 with a very good category; (2) the average result of the material expert assessment is 100 with a very good category; (3) the results of the participant response questionnaire in the small-scale test were 84.4 in the very good category and the average results of the participant response questionnaire in the large-scale test were 90.5 in the very good category; (4) LKPD based Problem Based Learning  The developed matrix material has a significant influence in improving critical thinking skills with an increase of 25,3%.
Characterization of Freeze-Dried Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa var. Mencir): Quality on Physical Information
Authors: Fallah Annas Miftahul , Putri Refika Melina , Yuliani Wahyu , Wagiman Wagiman , Falah Mohammad Affan Fajar
Published: December 2024

Drying fruits has many advantages for consumers, such as allowing them to be consumed in various processes and products during all seasons. Freeze-dried strawberries (FDS) are an alternative for adding value to fresh strawberries, extending shelf life, and maintaining fresh fruit characteristics. The study contributed to determine the quality physical characteristics of FDS produced using osmotic dehydration (OD) combined with freeze-drying. A combination of FDSs production with three factors and levels, freezing times (4d, 14d, and 21d); OD solution concentrations (40°Brix, 50°Brix, and 60°Brix); cleavage times (initial, pre-OD, and post-OD); immersion times of 120 minutes; and lyophilization times of 24 hours were used to prepare FDS. The quality of physical information of FDSs was the color of the skinned fruit (L*a*b* and change of color (∆E)) and texture. The results of the study showed that the highest degree of L* and a* values were found in the combination of 14d, 50°Brix, post-OD; the lowest b* value was found in the combination of 21d, 40°Brix, initial split; the lowest ∆E value and the highest FDSs skin texture was found in the combination of 4d, 60°Brix, pre-OD. As an innovation, since no official Indonesian National Standard (SNI) is used as a reference for producing FDS, the research contributes to making good FDS products.
Eating Behavior: How Food Safety Knowledge and Attitude Influence Individual’s Food Choices
Authors: Kusumawardani Oktavia , Undarwati Anna
Published: December 2024

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity are on the rise in Indonesia. This increase is suspected to be because individuals are unable to maintain healthy food choices. It is hypothesized that personal factors, such as knowledge and attitudes towards food safety, can influence individuals in selecting healthy foods. This study is designed to investigate the influence of knowledge and attitudes towards food safety on healthy food choices among individuals. The research design used is a quasi-experimental study in a laboratory setting using a Fake Food Buffet. The targeted number of participants is 146 university students. This study shows that knowledge and attitudes towards food safety significantly influence healthy food choices. Additionally, knowledge of food safety partially influences healthy food choices. However, attitudes towards food safety do not influence healthy food choices. These findings are important considerations in designing interventions to increase public knowledge about food safety issues, which can reduce the incidence of non-communicable diseases in the future.
When the Dark Lingers : The Role of Dark Triad Personality on Burnout Among Lecturers
Authors: Pramesty Dewi Indah , Nuzulia Siti
Published: December 2024

Burnout is commonly experienced by professionals in the "helping relationship" sector, including lecturers. One of the factors contributing to burnout is an individual's personality. This study aims to investigate how Dark Triad Personality traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) influence burnout among Indonesian lecturers. The methodology of this study was cross sectional. Dark triad personality was measured using 5 scales: NPI, CNI, LPSP-I, LPSP-II, and Mach-IV. The total number of participants in this study was 260 (Male=141, female=119). They were all lecturers in Indonesia with at least two years of work experience. This study shows that Machiavellianism is the most significant predictor of negative burnout. Narcissism, both agentic narcissism and communal narcissism, significantly predicted burnout negatively. Secondary psychopathy significantly predicts burnout negatively, whereas primary psychopathy does not predict burnout. Furthermore, demographic factors such as gender, age, length of service, and job position do not predict burnout among lecturers.
Understanding Student Self-Confidence: Impacts of Body Shaming, Self-Compassion, and Gender in Higher Education
Authors: Geni Indra , Daharnis Daharnis
Published: December 2024

Low self-confidence is a significant factor contributing to various academic and social difficulties among students, hindering their personal development. Previous research and observations at Padang State University indicate that many students continue to struggle with low self-confidence. This study aims to analyze the relationship between body shaming, self-compassion, and gender on student self-confidence, using a quantitative approach with a 2x2x2 factorial design. A sample of 362 students from the Faculty of Education, spread across six departments, was selected using cluster random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using three-way ANOVA. The results of the study revealed several key findings: (1) Overall, students at the Faculty of Education demonstrated high self-confidence, despite body shaming experiences; (2) In terms of self-compassion, students with higher levels of self-compassion exhibited greater self-confidence on average; (3) Gender did not significantly impact self-confidence, as there was little difference between male and female students; (4) Students who had not experienced body shaming had higher self-confidence than those who had been subjected to it; (5) There were significant differences in self-confidence based on self-compassion, with higher self-compassion correlating with higher self-confidence, while lower self-compassion was linked to lower self-confidence; and (6) There was no interaction effect between body shaming, self-compassion, and gender in explaining student self-confidence levels. This indicates that body shaming and self-compassion influence self-confidence similarly for both male and female students. These findings have implications for the development of counseling services in higher education, suggesting that targeted interventions can help improve student self-confidence, particularly by addressing body shaming and fostering self-compassion.
Group Guidance Services with Self-Management Interventions to Reduce Academic Procrastination Among Students
Authors: Agustina Yuni , Mudjiran Mudjiran
Published: December 2024

Procrastination on assignments can disrupt a student’s learning process, resulting in suboptimal learning outcomes and hindering academic achievement. Without proper intervention, academic procrastination may become a significant challenge for students. Therefore, proactive measures are essential to mitigate this tendency, with one approach being group guidance utilizing self-management techniques. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of group guidance services incorporating self-management techniques to reduce academic procrastination among students. A randomized pre-post control group design was implemented, with 10 students in the experimental group and 10 in the control group, selected through random sampling. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed via the Mann-Whitney U test, using SPSS version 20.00. The results indicate that self-management techniques are effective in reducing academic procrastination among students.
Beyond the Classroom: Exploring Teacher Loyalty in Vocational Education
Authors: Izzati Umi Anugerah , Handayaningrum Warih , Mulyana Olievia Prabandini
Published: December 2024

While extensive research has examined the relationship between gaming and aggression, few studies have focused on the factors that mediate the connection between trash-talking behavior and aggressive outcomes in multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games. This study addresses this gap by investigating the role of screen time as a mediator between trash-talking and aggressive behaviors in young players of Mobile Legends: Bang Bang (MLBB). Unlike previous research that primarily explored direct links between gaming and aggression, this study introduces screen time as a novel variable that influences this relationship. The study sampled 390 gamers aged 10 to 24 years, all enrolled at Southern Luzon State University in Lucban, Quezon, Philippines. Key variables, including verbal aggression, hostility, and anger, were assessed using standardized questionnaires, along with measures of trash-talking attitudes and screen time. Using mediation analysis, the study identified screen time as a key factor that explains the relationship between trash-talking and aggression. The findings revealed that trash-talking indirectly contributes to aggressive behavior through prolonged gaming exposure. In other words, the negative effects of trash-talking on aggression are amplified by increased screen time. This discovery offers a fresh perspective by highlighting screen time as a critical channel through which trash-talking influences aggression. The results underscore the importance of addressing both toxic communication and excessive screen time to foster a healthier and more sustainable gaming environment. As mobile gaming continues to dominate youth leisure activities, these findings provide actionable insights for developing interventions that reduce aggression and encourage positive competition in esports
The Potential of Swiftlet Bird's Nest Extract (Aerodramus fucipaghus) as an Antioxidant and Serum Formulation
Authors: Widyaningrum Naniek , Putri Chintiana Nindya , Arief Thendi Abdul , Sofa Nada Aini , Virdaus Monica
Published: December 2024

The white swiftlet bird's nest (Aerodramus fucipaghus) constitutes one of nature's treasures endowed with diverse health benefits. The swiftlet bird's nest is a potential source of antioxidants, capable of counteracting free radicals contributing to premature ageing. It can be harnessed as a serum formulation featuring small molecules, facilitating deeper skin penetration, efficient delivery of highly concentrated active agents, and expedited resolution of skin issues. This study aimed to ascertain the swiftlet bird's nest serum's physical properties, physical stability, and antioxidant activities. Serum formulations span a range of concentrations: 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Physical attributes of the serum, including organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and viscosity, were observed. Serum stability was assessed over a 21-day storage period. The antioxidant activity of the serum was gauged via DPPH assay, determining the IC50 values. The serum, across varying concentrations, exhibited commendable physical characteristics, satisfying stipulated criteria. Antioxidant activity was detected in the serum across a spectrum of concentrations, revealing IC50 values of 250.00 µg/mL, signifying a range from weak to strong efficacy (90.137 µg/mL). The swiftlet bird's nest serum with its concentration variants demonstrated physical stability during the 21-day storage duration. Drawing from the research, it can be deduced that the swiftlet bird's nest holds promise for development into a serum formulation that fulfils both physical and stability criteria, endowed with robust antioxidant activity. Notably, the swiftlet bird's nest serum at a 40% concentration exhibited potent antioxidant activity, manifesting an IC50 value of 90.137 µg/mL
Gastroprotective activity of Banana peel (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum) methanol extract purified on aspirin-induced gastric ulceration in Rats
Authors: Pusmarani Jastria , Putri Risky Juliansyah , Dewi Citra , Fitriani Difa , Purwono Setyo , Ikawati Zullies
Published: December 2024

Banana (Musa paradiasiaca var. sapientum) is the world's most popular fruit-bearing crop, with rising consumption and waste. This study aimed to measure the metabolite compound and evaluate the gastroprotective properties of a banana peel-purified methanol extract. Animals test used in this study were divided into six groups: Group One received NaCMC 0.5%, Group Two received sucralfate, Group Three received aspirin 1000 mg/kg body weight, and groups four, five, and six received PBP at doses of 200 mg/kg body weight, 400 mg/kg body weight, and 600 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for seven days. Except for group 1, all groups were induced with aspirin at 1000 mg/kg body weight on the eighth day. The result of this study exhibited banana peel containing total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin compounds with concentrations of 33.45 mg GAE/g, 19.92 mg QE/g, and 0.16 %, respectively. The results showed that pure extract of Musa paradiasiaca var. sapientum fruit peel can reduce the incidence of gastric ulcers by decreasing the ulcer index (p<0.05).. The results suggested that Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum peel has a gastroprotective effect against aspirin-induced gastric ulceration.
Successful phytoremediation of simulated steel rolling industry heavy metals-contaminated soils using a Sorghum bicolor cultivar from Riko, Katsina, Nigeria
Authors: Yunusa Yahaya Riko , Umar Zubairu Darma , Kabir Kamaluddeen
Published: December 2024

The release of hazardous heavy metals (HMs) from industries and other sources threatens ecosystems in Katsina, Nigeria and beyond. Bioengineering through microbially-assisted phytoremediation (MAP) is the best innovative alternative to these industries for remediating HMs contaminated environments. Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench) had been reported to be efficient in heavy metals phytoremediation. This study evaluated the ability of a fast-growing local cultivar of S. bicolor (rirrik’a/rirritsa/mota in Hausa) from Riko village, Jibiya L.G.A., Katsina State, Nigeria to remediate mesocosms simulating mixed HMs contamination obtainable at the soils of the defunct DANA Steel Rolling Mills, Katsina industrial site, to residual concentrations matching USEPA/EU limits. A chronosequential, nutrient-poor phytoremediation approach was employed to study the restoration of the contaminated soils in greenhouse experiments. The bioremoval of HMs in individual (0.05-10 g/L Cr, 0.04-1 g/L Cu, 0.08-1 g/L Pb and 0.02-1 g/L Zn) and mixed mesocosms was studied over 8 weeks, in multiple replicates, with positive and negative controls. ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis (with Dunn’s post-hoc) tests were used to statistically analyse the obtained data. The results confirmed an overall bioremoval of 66.67% of the HMs. Bioremoval rates were statistically similar across all HMs (one-way ANOVA: p = 0.64); with 69.48% of Zn, 67.46% of Cu, 63.34% of Cr and 58.33% of Pb bioremoved. The final residual HMs were within limits set by EPA/EU (Mann Whitney U test: p = 0.23). Study verified the status of the local cultivar of S. bicolor as a suitable agent for safe, effective phytoremediation of industrial heavy metal contaminated sites. Thus, its use is recommended for on-the-field phytoremediation of hotspots of HM contamination within the study area and beyond. The study also contributes towards sustainable and eco-friendly practices by using phytoremediation to manage environmental wastes from industrial pollution.
Fuzzy-FMECA: Right Solution for Jet Dyeing Machine Damage Prevention
Authors: Ihsan Tiaradia , Rochman Didit Damur , Ferdian Rendiyatna
Published: December 2024

Jet dyeing machines, essential for producing high-quality and environmentally friendly textiles, face persistent issues with defects that lead to production stoppages, compromised cloth quality, and significant financial losses for companies. These challenges hinder operational efficiency and undermine the competitive edge of textile manufacturers in a rapidly evolving market. Jet Dyeing machines continue to innovate to produce high quality and environmentally friendly textiles, with the discovery of defects causing cloth production to stop, cloth quality to decline, and company losses. The Fuzzy-FMECA approach enhances accuracy and adaptability in identifying failure risks, improving maintenance for complex jet dyeing systems. This study aims to identify the root causes of jet dyeing machine damage for preventive maintenance design. Studies using robust fuzzy-FMECA can identify critical components of jet dyeing machines with a high degree of accuracy. This can improve machine reliability and reduce fabric quality failures. The dominant machine failures identified in jet dyeing components are leakage, short circuits, and installation errors. The Pareto analysis shows that leaks, tears, and short circuits are responsible for over 70% of total failures. The most critical components include the main pump and electric socket, both with an RPN score of 7.42, representing a significant 30% of overall risk. Other high-risk components such as the steam pipe packing and heat exchanger steam pipe also have an RPN of 7.25. These findings indicate that over 60% of the failures arise from just a few key components. These findings have succeeded in identifying the critical components of the jet dyeing machine (main pump and socket) which have the highest potential risk of failure. The proposed preventive maintenance design can reduce these risks, but needs to be refined with consistent, competent and monitored inspections. The preventive maintenance design significantly mitigates risks, requiring ongoing refinement through regular, skilled, and supervised inspections to ensure optimal effectiveness.
Systematic Risk Analysis of Railway Component Quality: Integration of Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
Authors: Andy Prastyabudi Wahyu , Faharga Rafidsyah Aldin , Chandra Huki
Published: December 2024

Quality assurance is a critical aspect in the production systems, affecting product quality and safety. Defects and failures of manufactured components will diminish overall product quality, which could vulnerably risk consumer safety. This study focuses on quality assurance analysis of train component manufacturing systems. According to the quality control data, the number of defects recorded was about 10-12, on average, for each wagon produced. The defect mainly occurred while making the underframes, car body, and even the small components. This led to the tardiness of product delivery for 1-2 months. This study aims to analyze non-conformance report data and identify the potential failure modes, potential effects, and root causes. To do so, we integrated systematically FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) and FTA (Fault Tree Analysis). First, RPN (Risk Priority Number) score was calculated to determine risk priority. Second, Pareto analysis was performed to select defects that most contributing to overall failures, which were then analyzed using FTA to obtain root causes. The results show that 8 defects exceed the critical RPN score of 209. Materials and personnel are identified as two major contributor failure events from three selected defects. The recommendation for further improvements is provided based on various defect categories to prevent similar defects. The findings demonstrate that the combined use of FMEA and FTA is effective in identifying failures and root causes within complex and long production cycle systems.
Efficiency Evaluation in Indonesia's Quarrying Industry Using Variable Combinations DEA
Authors: Puspanantasari Erni , Parinov Ivan A. , Wongloucha Chuleeporn
Published: December 2024

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a method considered to evaluate a company's performance. DEA applies multiplies the input and output variables for analyzing the efficiency but does not provide guidance in selecting those variables. As a rule, researchers use several methods. If the number of variables used is too many, it will affect the efficiency value. This will reduce the strength of the efficiency value, which can cause all DMU values to be efficient.   DEA and variable selection are important in performance evaluation because DEA aids in determining relative efficiency, whereas variable selection guarantees that the evaluation is based on the most relevant and significant aspects. The purpose of this study is to suggest the variable combination method for subtracting the number of variables that will be utilized in implementing the DEA. The method used in this study is the Average Input Variable Combinations (VCs)-Variable Returns-to-Scale (VRS) DEA.  The data were classified, defined, and processed with a view to computing efficiency scores and DMU classifications. The research result indicated that the proposed method (VCs-DEA) treats the variable reduction factor and the average calculation factor to obtain the final result of the efficiency score.  These two factors contribute to the accuracy of the efficiency value. Some real-world implications of these findings, such as making better use of resources, streamlining operations, and coming up with new plans, Furthermore, the evidence may be used to benchmark performance as well as help decision-makers in creating more effective policy. This study finds that only 1 out of 12 DMUs is efficient (8%), while the remaining 11 are inefficient (92%). Indonesia quarrying establishment can be classified into 3 categories such as Optimal Category (S-Sand); Middle Category (LS-Lime-Stone; F-Feldspars; Gr-Granite; SA-Stone and Andesite; K-Kaolin; Q-Quartz; and G-Gravel); and Less Category (So-Soil; C-Clay; M-Marble; and O-Others).
Living with aortic dissection: Martin's story
Authors: Fowler Catherine , Ahearn Úna , Griffiths Mark , Pandya Bejal
Published: December 2024

For cardiac nurses, understanding patient experiences is crucial to the provision of comprehensive care. This article shares the experiences of Martin, a patient living with an aortic condition, and the insights from a recent nurse symposium on aortic dissection.
Internalizing Psychiatric Comorbidities Among Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Fiacco G. , Catone G. , Salerno F. , Gritti A. , Gleijeses M.G. , Carotenuto M.
Published: December 2024

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a multifactorial psychiatric disorder classified among eating and feeding disorders and frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidities, particularly among adolescents. The main objective of the study was evaluating the psychiatric comorbidities associated with AN, analyzing how these conditions influence each other, triggering challenges in clinical management.
The study was conducted at the Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Clinic at Vanvitelli University and involved 60 AN inpatients. Retrospective data collection was obtained through analysis of several psychodiagnostic tests. The EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test) was administered to assess the presence of dysfunctional eating behaviors, while the BUT (Body Uneasiness Test) was used to identify potential signs of body dysmorphic disorder. The SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders) and CDI (Children’s Depression Inventory) were employed to investigate the presence of anxious and depressive symptoms. The WISC-IV (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition) was used to measure intellectual quotient and exclude the presence of intellectual disability. In addition, BMI at discharge of patients was evaluated as an outcome measure for treatment.
Results highlight a significant relationship between AN and psychiatric comorbidities, providing important insights for a deeper understanding of the psychiatric dynamics associated with AN. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the scores of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT) (r=0.730; p<0.001), suggesting that subjects with dysfunctional eating behaviors tend to exhibit high dissatisfaction with their body image. A moderate correlation between the EAT and the SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders) (r=0.505; p<0.001) indicates that eating disorders are associated with elevated anxiety levels, while the EAT showed a moderate correlation with the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) (r=0.411; p=0.001), suggesting a relationship between dysfunctional eating behaviors and depressive symptoms.
Furthermore, the data show a significant increase in BMI during hospitalization, highlighting the importance of targeted therapeutic interventions.
These findings contribute to enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of patients with AN.
The Impact of Mobility, Beam Sweeping and Smart Jammers on Security Vulnerabilities of 5G Cells
Authors: Asemian Ghazal , Kulhandjian Michel , Amini Mohammadreza , Kantarci Burak , D’Amours Claude , Erol-Kantarci Melike
Published: December 2024

The vulnerability of 5G networks to jamming attacks has emerged as a significant concern. This paper contributes in two primary aspects. Firstly, it investigates the effect of a multi-jammer on 5G cell metrics, specifically throughput and goodput. The investigation is conducted within the context of a mobility model for user equipment (UE), with a focus on scenarios involving connected vehicles (CVs) engaged in a mission. Secondly, the vulnerability of synchronization signal block (SSB) components is examined concerning jamming power and beam sweeping. Notably, the study reveals that increasing jamming power beyond 40 dBm blackin our specific scenario configuration no longer decreases network throughput due to the re-transmission of packets through the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process. Furthermore, it is observed that under the same jamming power, the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is more vulnerable than the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS). However, a smart jammer can disrupt the cell search process by injecting less power and targeting PSS-SSS or physical broadcast channel (PBCH) data compared to a barrage jammer. On the other hand, beam sweeping proves effective in mitigating the impact of a smart jammer, reducing the error vector magnitude root mean square from 51.59% to 23.36% under the same jamming power.
Dynamic Spectrum Management and Spectrum Sharing Techniques in 5G Networks: A Survey
Authors: Mondal Sonali , Dutta Manash Pratim , Chakraborty Swarnendu Kumar
Published: December 2024

The enormous developments of gaming devices as well as mobile apps have increased the demand of bandwidth. Development of wireless applications has been affected because of the insufficient spectrum resources in the 3G and 4G network. This spectrum scarcity is the main limitation of 3G and 4G networks, which leads to the revolution of the 5G technology. Spectrum scarcity is a great challenge in wireless communication. There are two significant research areas that need to be explored such as, searching spectrum resource and maximum spectrum utilization. To address spectrum insufficiency, consistent research is needed to find out spectrum band and share the spectrum resource. In this work, complete Spectrum management framework is discussed as well as spectrum sharing techniques are classified. We have conducted a thorough survey on various spectrum sharing schemes. The literature survey has been classified based on some significant sharing techniques depending on spectrum access method, network architecture, spectrum allocation behavior etc. We have also summarized contribution as well as limitation of recent spectrum sharing approaches. To enhance 5G technology, related spectrum sharing surveys are studied and future research directions are also discussed here.
Analytical Framework to Understand Electric Vehicle Adoption by Leveraging Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Myneni Madhu Bala , Akkineni Haritha , Mai Cherukuri Kiran , Boppana Sisira
Published: December 2024

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining eminence as a sustainable alternative to conventional vehicles. Even though EV’s are more expensive than conventional vehicles, people are excited about this green initiative. Hence, understanding public sentiment towards them becomes crucial for industry stakeholders and policymakers. This paper proposes a Twitter-based analytical framework to develop the application of sentiment analysis to understand public perceptions and concerns toward EVs. The opinions are tagged with three categories: constructive(positive), adverse(negative), and unbiased(neutral) from the overall public perception of electric mobility. It has been implemented in two phased manner as descriptive and predictive analytics on Twitter data. The study provides insights into the public’s support, concerns, and potential barriers to EV adoption. A sentiment model was evaluated with various machine-learning algorithms. The results ascertained that the SVM is performing well among all other models with 89% accuracy. Findings highlight critical factors influencing perception and offer recommendations for addressing public concerns to encourage broader acceptance of electric vehicles.