bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideas y conceptos constitutivos de la teoría del poder político durante el Virreinato.
Authors: Lazo García Carlos
Published: April 2019

La larga permanencia del poder español se debió a la existencia de una ideología política providencialista que sacralizó todas las formas del dominio colonial, de modo que la obediencia, la fidelidad, el vasallaje y la servidumbre devinieron en actos de fe y piedad cristianos. En este contexto se desarrolló la idea de «naciónpueblo » (unidad en la heterogeneidad de estamentos y funciones vinculados). En la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, de esta idea se desprendió la idea de « nación colonial».
Purumllacta: Un centro administrativo incaico en Chachapoyas
Authors: Ruiz Estrada Arturo
Published: April 2019

El complejo de Purumllacta, ubicado en la antigua provincia de Chachapoyas, muestra en muchos aspectos diferentes elementos arquitectónicos como para considerarlo ajeno a la tradición regional chachapoya, pese a estar construido a inmediaciones de un conjunto arquitectónico de evidente origen local. De modo general, su distribución planimétrica revela sin duda su correspondencia al estilo incaico, por la forma en que se ha planificado la disposición de las edificaciones, siguiendo el modelo utilizado en otros sitios administrativos provinciales de los incas en los Andes. Por estas consideraciones, referidas principalmente al tipo de arquitectura del sector en mención, lo calificamos como de tiempos incaicos. Por ello, su estudio adquiere importancia en la medida que puede ilustrarnos sobre las razones que motivaron al gobierno incaico para ingresar a los territorios del área chachapoyana, expansión que solo fue interrumpida cuando el poder del Tahuantinsuyo fue minado y reemplazado por la conquista española
Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de estafilococos aislados en piodermas de caninos de Coro, Venezuela
Authors: Monzant López Glenda , Chávez Oberto Victor , Carrero Portillo Lilia Lisbeth
Published: April 2019

Esta investigación retrospectiva estuvo enfocada en el estudio de la etiología de la pioderma en caninos de la ciudad de Coro (estado Falcón, Venezuela), entre 2010 y 2014, así como del perfil de susceptibilidad a antimicrobianos de las bacterias estafilocócicas. El microorganismo aislado en mayor frecuencia fue Staphylococcus (pseud)intermedius, seguido de Staphylococcus aureus y otras especies. Adicionalmente, se detectaron varios aislados multirresistentes para las dos especies mencionadas, los cuales no se correlacionaron con casos de pioderma recidivante. No se detectó asociación significativa entre la pioderma recurrente y factores de riesgo como el patrón racial, sexo, estrato etario y especie bacteriana infectante. En general, las especies estafilocócicas aisladas mostraron de manera significativa (p<0.05) susceptibilidad a carbapenémicos, aminoglucósidos y fluoroquinolonas, y resistencia a penicilinas, ciclinas, inhibidores de la síntesis de folatos y polipéptidos.
Caracterización química y actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de las hojas de Libanothamnus neriifolius (Asteraceae)
Authors: Aparicio-Zambrano Rosa , Rojas-Fermín Luis , Velasco Judith , Usubillaga Alfredo , Sosa Marcos , Rojas Julio
Published: April 2019

El aceite esencial de las hojas frescas de Libanothamnus neriifolius (B. ex H) Ernst., fue obtenido por el método de hidrodestilación utilizando la trampa de Clevenger, obteniendo 1.8 mL (rendimiento 0.087%). El aceite esencial se caracterizó por el método de cromatografía de gases acoplado a espectrometría de masas (CG-EM), identificando como compuestos principales β-felandreno (29.04%), α-felandreno (19.86%), α-pineno (13.57%) y α-tujeno (12.35%). La actividad antimicrobiana se determinó por el método de difusión en agar con discos, frente a bacterias y levaduras de referencia internacional (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 23357, Pseudomonas aureginosa ATCC 27853, Candida albicans CDC-B385, Candida krusei ATCC 6258). El aceite esencial inhibió el desarrollo de S. aureus, C. albicans y C. Krusei, con un valor de Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima (CIM) de 50 μL/mL, 700 μL/mL y 500 μL/mL, respectivamente. Este es el primer reporte sobre actividad antimicrobiana para L. neriifolius y para el género Libanothamnus.
Infección natural por Fasciola hepatica en cérvidos del Perú
Authors: Gomez-Puerta Luis A. , Angulo-Tisoc José M. , Pacheco Joel I. , Lopez-Urbina Maria T. , Gonzalez Armando E.
Published: April 2019

En el presente trabajo se registra la infección natural por Fasciola hepaticaen un venado de cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) y en una taruca (Hippocamelus antisensis), ambos procedentes del departamento de Cusco. Los animales fueron remitidos al Instituto Veterinario (IVITA-Maranganí, FMV, UNMSM) por las autoridades del Servicio Nacional de Flora y Fauna (SERFOR, Sede Cusco). Durante la necropsia de los animales se colectaron seis trematodos de los conductos biliares, los cuales fueron preservados en etanol al 70%. Las observaciones morfológicas indicaron que se trataban de F. hepatica. Esto fue confirmado analizando el ADN mitocondrial de los parásitos amplificando parcialmente los genes citocromo c oxidasa subunidad 1 (cox1) y el NADH deshidrogenasa subunidad 1 (nad1). El análisis de estos genes tuvo una identidad mayor al 99% comparado con registros del banco de genes (GenBank). El presente estudio demuestra la presencia de F. hepatica en estos cérvidos, agregando así dos nuevos hospederos definitivos para el parásito.
Populiariausių Lietuvos interneto žiniasklaidos portalų auditorijos į(si)traukimo į turinio kūrimą ir sklaidą galimybės
Authors: Stonkienė Marija , Šupa Maryja , Janiūnienė Erika
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

Innovations such as content management systems, social networking, and mobile applications create tech­nical possibilities for members of the audience to participate in the creation and sharing of media content. However, the extent of these changes differs across different cultural contexts, media outlets, and social groups within audiences, and more research is needed to explain whether or not the power balance between media outlets and audiences is shifting.

This paper presents the results of an inquiry about audience participation in contemporary Lithuanian mass media. Three online news websites (Delfi.lt, 15min.lt and Lrytas.lt) were chosen because they cover the biggest audiences in terms of users reached. Data was collected via structural analysis of the websites to determine what technical means are provided for the users to interact with the media outlet, and qualitative interviews with editors representing each website were conducted to discuss institutional practices and policies related to audience participation.

The findings show that in Lithuanian online mass media, audience participation in the creation and sharing of media content is limited. While some technological means are incorporated into the news websites (e.g., forms for sending articles or visual material to journalists, comment forms and social media sharing buttons), most of them are based on the institutional strategy of the audience as a resource, scoured for information or activities in a highly monitored and controlled environment. So far, there are few signs of the alternative institutional strategy of mass media as a platform for independent and motivated audience participation.
Metastatic breast cancer to colon: An unusual site of metastasis with a review of literature
Authors: Nejati Parham , Sadeghi Masoud , Amirian Farhad , Ramezani Mazaher
Published: April 2019

Gastrointestinal (GI) metastasis is very rare in patients with breast cancer (BC). This study reports a case with colon carcinoma metastasis originated from breast cancer in Western Iran. A 37-yearold female was diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed positive estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2 scored 2 out of 3, Ki-67 in 30% of tumor cells and P53. The patient was re-admitted two times with urinary and GI symptoms, positive tumor markers and thick colon wall. Samples from the colon were collected to test for metastasis. The pathologist reported metastatic breast ductal carcinoma spread to the colon. The IHC showed CK7, CK20, GCDFP15, ER and PR positivity. In conclusion, this IHC panel can be considered as the differential and diagnostic markers for malignant GI lesion originated from breast cancer.
Improving Care for Sickle Cell Pain Crisis Using a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Balsamo Lyn , Shabanova Veronika , Carbonella Judith , Szondy Mary V. , Kalbfeld Karen , Thomas Donna-Ann , Santucci Karen , Grossman Matthew , Pashankar Farzana
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Frequent hospitalizations for sickle cell disease (SCD) vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) are associated with school absenteeism, emotional distress, and financial hardships. Our goal was to decrease hospital days for VOC admissions by 40% over a 5-year period.

METHODS:

From October 2011 to September 2016, a multidisciplinary quality-improvement project was conducted with a plan-do-study-act methodology. Five key drivers were identified and 9 interventions implemented. Interventions included individualized home pain plans, emergency department and inpatient order sets, an inpatient daily schedule, psychoeducation, and a biofeedback program. High users (≥4 admissions per year) received an individualized SCD plan and assigned mental health provider. We expanded the high-use group to include at-risk patients (3 admissions per year). Data were analyzed for patients ages 0 to 21 years admitted for VOC. Hospital days were the primary measure; the 30-day readmission rate was the balancing measure.

RESULTS:

A total of 216 SCD pediatric patients were managed in 2011 with a 14% increase over 5 years. A total of 122 patients were admitted for VOC. Hospital days decreased by 61% from 59.6 days per month in the preintervention period to 23.2 days per month in the postintervention period (P < .0001). Length of stay decreased from 4.78 (SD = 4.08) to 3.84 days (SD = 2.10; P = .02). Among high users, hospital days decreased from 35.4 to 15.5 days per month. The thirty-day readmission rate decreased from 33.9% to 19.4%. Overall savings in direct hospital costs per year were $555 120.

CONCLUSIONS:

A dedicated team effort with simple interventions can have a significant impact on the well-being of a patient population and hospital costs.
Insights and Clinical Implications from the pELVIS Registry for the Treatment of Aneurysms Involving the Iliac Bifurcation
Authors: Taneva Gergana T , Torsello Giovanni , Donas Konstantinos P ,   pELVIS Registry collaborators
Published: April 2019

The pErformance of iLiac branch deVIces for aneurysmS (pELVIS) Registry is the largest retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on the use of iliac branch devices (IBD) for the treatment of iliac and aortoiliac aneurysms. It shows the feasibility of the technique with good short- and mid-term results. The most common anatomical challenge for IBD use is the presence of aneurysmal deterioration of the internal iliac arteries (IIA). Experience acquired in the registry treating concomitant aneurysmal lesions of the IIA provides significant information on the performance of IBDs for this specific clinical presentation. Treatment of isolated aneurysms in the common iliac artery without extension to the infrarenal aorta showed favourable results with lower costs, and lower use of irradiation and contrast media. Overall, the relatively low procedure-related complications and repeat interventions show broad applicability of the technique. Further analysis is required to evaluate the longstanding performance of IBD.
Reseñas
Authors: De Costa Rica Universidad
Published: April 2019

Jorge Chen Sham (Ed.). Eunice Odio. Cartas de Eunice Odio a Rodolfo. San José: Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica, 2017, 194 páginas

Felipe Gómez Gutiérrez y María del Carmen Saldarriaga (Eds.). Evelio Rosero y los ciclos de la creación literaria. Bogotá: Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Opera Eximia, 2017, 272 páginas

Brigitte Adriaensen y Marco Kunz (Eds.). Narcoficciones en México y Colombia. Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2016, 258 páginas

Lope de Vega. Las bodas entre el Alma y el Amor Divino. El hijo pródigo. Edición de J. Enrique Duarte. Kassel: Reichenberger, 2017, 282 páginas
SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN LINGKUNGAN PERIKANAN BUBU DI DESA KARANGSONG KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Rizky Muhammad Fitri , Anna Zuzy , Rizal Achmad , Handaka Suryana Asep Agus
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan perikanan bubu dan mencari tahu faktor apa yang berpengaruh terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan perikanan bubu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Karangsong, Kabupaten Indramayu, Provinsi Jawa Barat pada bulan Februari tahun 2018 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang nelayan alat tangkap bubu. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data primer mengenai kondisi perikanan bubu. Analisis sosial meliputi aspek sosio demografi, institusional dan konflik. Analisis finansial meliputi analisis pendapatan dan B/C ratio serta dilakukan analisis regresi untuk mengetahui hubungan antara beberapa variabel input. Analisis lingkungan dilakukan berdasarkan pandangan nelayan mengenai dampak pengoperasian bubu terhadap lingkungan. Aspek sosial menunjukkan nelayan bubu Karangsong tidak memiliki kelompok, ditemukan konflik alat tangkap dan konflik terkait kegiatan perikanan dan hasil tangkapan yang tidak dilaporkan aktifitasnya ke TPI maupn PPI. Hasil analisis finansial didapatkan pendapatan nelayan berkisar antara Rp1.532.000 - Rp5.401.600 dan nilai B/C Ratio rata rata per jenis kapal adalah 2.05 untuk 3 GT, 5.1 untuk 4 GT dan 5.6 untuk 6 GT. Hasil analisis lingkungan diketahui 100% nelayan memiliki perspektif bahwa perikanan bubu ramah lingkungan.Title: Socio-Economic and Environment Analysis of Trap Fishery  Will Karangsong Village Indramayu of West Java This research was conducted in Karangsong, Indramayu, West Java in February 2018 with 60 respondents of traps fishermen. This research aims to analyze the socio-economic and environmental condition of fishing traps and tried to find out what factors influencing the conditions. Primary data were collected through questionnaires and interviews about the condition of fishing traps. Social analysis of the research includes demography, institution and conflict, while financial analysis includes income analysis and B/C ratio as well as regression analysis to find out correlation between inputs. Environmental analysis was built upon fishermen’s perspective about how fishing traps affect the environment. Social aspect of the research found that fishermen did not have any group, and there are many conflicts especially related to fishing gear and unreported fishing. Results in financial analysis found that fishermen’s income  range between IDR 1.532.000 - IDR 5.401.600 and average value of B/C Ratio for 3 GTs, 4 GTs and 6 GTs were 2.05, 5.1 and 5.6, respectively. Environmental analysis indicated that 100% of fishermen perceive that fishing traps are environmentally friendly.
Support of Small and Medium-Sized Business as a Strategic Vector of Sustainable, Competitive and Balanced Development of the Region
Authors: Ostovskaya Anastasiya
Published: April 2019

Structural shifts in the country’s economy destabilize the macroeconomic situation and require consolidation of the efforts of the state as a whole and regions, in particular in the search for opportunities and internal reserves for increasing competitiveness. Today, the main strategic reserve capable of ensuring the development of the country and regions is entrepreneurial potential. The paper presents an analysis of the indicators of SMB development in developed countries, where its share in the GDP makes over 50 %. The author carries out the analysis of the development of small and medium-sized business in Russia, studies the documents regulating the issues of entrepreneurial activity and promoting the development of small and medium-sized business in the context of individual entrepreneurial initiative support. The plan of measures for the development of small and medium-sized entreprises in Russia with deadlines, responsible authorities and specific target indices is provided. The essence of entrepreneurial potential of the region is studied. An assessment of its components in the context of the impact on regional competitiveness is carried out. The recommendations and advantages of developing the potential of entrepreneurial structures of the region based on cluster associations are presented. The sequence of actions for the formation of a strategy for the transition to sustainable development of entrepreneurial structures is determined on the basis of the approach, which provides for the balance of the economic development of SMB.
The Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases – history
Authors: Gagliardi Rubens José , Raffin Cesar Noronha , Noujaim Jorge El Kadum , Bacellar Aroldo Luiz Silva , Freitas Gabriel Rodriguez de , Oliveira-Filho Jamary , Martins Sheila Cristina O. , Silva Gisele Sampaio , Pontes-Neto Octávio Marques
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT The present article provides the historical background of the Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares (Brazilian Society for Cerebrovascular Diseases), including details on its function, structure, challenges and main achievements.
The prevalence of bruxism and related factors in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparative study
Authors: Odabas Faruk Ömer , Uca Ali Ulvi
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of bruxism and related factors in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS under the 2010-revised McDonald diagnostic criteria, 182 patients without MS exacerbations during the previous three months were included in the patient group, and 145 healthy individuals made up the control group in the study. Demographic data of the participants in both groups were determined. In the patient and control groups, the diagnosis of definite bruxism was made using the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (Diagnosis and Coding Manual, Second Edition). Results: Bruxism was found in 29.7% (n = 54) of the patients and in 12.4% (n = 18) of the controls, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Of all patients, the onset of bruxism was found in 70.4% (n = 38) after the diagnosis and in 29.6% (n = 169) prior to the diagnosis of MS. Compared with those without bruxism, the mean age (p = 0.031) and the score of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (p = 0.001) were also significantly higher among MS patients with bruxism. Between MS patients with and without bruxism, no significant differences were found in terms of sex, marital status, educational status, employment, cigarette smoking, total number of exacerbations, number of exacerbations within the previous year, and drugs used. Conclusions: The frequency of bruxism was found to be higher in the patients with MS than in the controls. Bruxism is associated with age and the Expanded Disability Status Scale score in MS patients.
Milk production in Saanen goats treated with repeated low doses of intermediate-release insulin during early lactation
Authors: Menezes Erika Bezerra de , Salles Maria Gorete Flores , Silva Cleidson Manoel Gomes da , Fernandes César Carneiro Linhares , Galeati Giovanna , Araújo Airton Alencar de , Rondina Davide
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: The effect of insulin administration on the productive responses of Saanen goats during early lactation was investigated. Ten of 20 adult females were subjected to subcutaneous administration of intermediate-acting insulin (0.14UI/kg body weight) at 2, 9, and 14 days postpartum. Milk yield was measured twice daily for 13 weeks and milk samples were collected to measure protein and fat contents. Plasma levels of progesterone, insulin, non-esterifies fatty acids, glucose and other metabolites were measured. Results showed a significantly increased effect of insulin treatment on the content of milk fat and protein; moreover, milk production in the first and second postpartum weeks were higher than control group. The peak of lactation in the insulin group was achieved one week earlier in comparison to the control group. In addition, the milk production rate showed lower persistency (milk yield 13 week/milk yield at peak) in the same group. During the first four weeks of postpartum, treated animals showed greater weight loss and higher non-esterified fatty acid concentration, whereas no effect was observed on the concentration of progesterone and other metabolites. The above results indicated that repeated administration of insulin in dairy goats during early lactation increase yield and qualitative components of milk, but has substantial consequences on animal productive rate and metabolic response.
Factorial Structure of the Frugality Scale: Exploratory Evidence
Authors: Pires Pedro P. , Bastos Ana Carolina Monnerat Fioravanti , Meirelles Érica de Lana , Peixoto Júlia Mulinari , Candido Natacha de Barros , Mose Leonardo de Barros
Published: April 2019

Abstract This article aims to promote an investigation of the psychometric properties of Frugality Scale adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. Frugality is characterized by using and consuming goods in a resourceful way, fully exploring its durability as well. To this end, 626 people responded to an online form that contained the frugality scale. Procedures such as non-graphical solutions to the scree plot, exploratory graphical analysis and a Schmid-Leiman factor solution point to evidence that the scale’s structure is not one-dimensional but two-dimensional. Finally, modeling strategies also indicate that a bifactor solution can be applied.
Anesthetic quality and cardiovascular and respiratory effects of continuous intravenous infusion of tiletamine-zolazepam in bitches
Authors: Pereira Sóstenes A.R.S. , Henrique Fernanda V. , Medeiros Lylian K.G. , Silva Janaina K.C. , Goes Arcanjo B. , Vaz Antônio F.M. , Souza Almir P. , Nóbrega Neto Pedro I.
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and recovery from anesthesia promoted by the tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) combination administered intravenously (IV) continuously in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine. Eight cross-bred, clinically healthy bitches weighing 13.7 ±1.9kg on average were used in this study. After a food fast of 12 h and a water fast of four hours, the animals were treated with acepromazine (0.1mg/kg, intramuscular) and, after 15 minutes, anesthesia was induced with a combination of tiletamine-zolazepam (2mg/kg, IV) immediately followed by continuous IV infusion thereof at a dose of 2mg/kg/h for 60 min. The following parameters were measured in all animals immediately before administration of acepromazine (M15), immediately before anesthetic induction (M0), and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min after initiation of continuous infusion (M5, M10, M20, M30, M40, M50, and M60): electrocardiography (ECG), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT), and arterial hemogasometry, with the last performed only at experimental times M15, M0, M30, and M60. A subcutaneous electrical stimulator was used to evaluate the degree of analgesia. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were also assessed, classifying these parameters as excellent, good, and poor. Anesthetic recovery time was recorded in minutes. HR increased significantly at time M10 in relation to that at M-15, and at times M5, M10, M40, and M50 in relation to that at M0. MAP decreased significantly at M20 and M30 compared with the baseline. BT decreased significantly at M50 compared with that at M0, but no hypothermia was observed. RR showed significant reduction at M5, M10, and M20 in relation to that at M-15, and at M5 and M10 in relation to that at M0, and bradypnoea was observed during the first 20 min after anesthetic induction. Significant decreases in the PR interval at times M10, M40, and M50 were observed in relation to that at M15. Amplitude of the R wave showed significant decrease at M20 compared with that at M-15. In the other ECG parameters, no significant difference was observed between the times evaluated. Hemogasometric parameters and analgesia did not show significant alterations. Myorelaxation and quality of anesthetic recovery were considered excellent. Recovery time was 15.1±7.7 min for positioning of sternal decubitus and 45.5±23.1 minutes for return of ambulation. Continuous IV administration of TZ combination does not produce satisfactory analgesia and does not cause severe cardiorespiratory and hemogasometric effects in bitches pre-medicated with acepromazine.
Neonatal mortality associated with sodium monofluoracetate in kids fed with colostrum from goats ingesting Amorimia septentrionalis
Authors: Lopes José R.G. , Araújo José A.S. , Pessoa Danielle A.N. , Lee Stephen , Cook Daniel , Riet-Correa Franklin , Medeiros Rosane M.T.
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: Sudden deaths after colostrum ingestion in kids and lambs born to mothers grazing in areas with Amorimia septentrionalis have been reported in the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid region, in Paraíba state. This study aimed to determine whether the sodium monofluoracetate (MF) contained in A. septentrionalis is eliminated in milk, causing the death of kids. After confirming gestation on the 25th day after mating, 26 goats were randomly distributed into three groups. In Group 1, eight goats received fresh leaves of A. septentrionalis in daily doses of 1g/kg body weight, administered at three different periods during gestation: from days 91 to 100, 116 to 125, and from day 140 until delivery day. In Group 2, consisting of 10 females, eight goats received 1g/kg body weight of A. septentrionalis dried and milled leaves, fed daily from the 140th day of gestation until delivery. The other two goats of this group did not ingest the plant during gestation and after delivery the colostrum supplied to their kids was replaced by colostrum of goats from that same group that had ingested the plant. Eight goats from Group 3 (control) did not ingest A. septentrionalis. Seven goats from Group 1 showed signs of poisoning from 2nd to 8th days of plant administration, in all periods, and recovered within 7 to 12 days. Another goat presented severe clinical signs and was submitted to euthanasia in extremis. Two goats aborted. Four kids, from two goats, received colostrum and, after 15 minutes, presented depression, breathing wheezing, lateral recumbence, bleating, and death. Two goats gave birth at night; the two kids were found dead and, at necropsy, it was verified that they were born alive. The last goat in this group gave birth to two kids which showed no signs of poisoning after colostrum ingestion. In Group 2, the eight goats that ingested dry leaves of the plant presented tachycardia and engorgement of the jugular veins; six aborted, and the kids of the other two goats died immediately after delivery without ingesting colostrum. The three kids of the two goats that did not ingest the plant during gestation did not show signs of poisoning after ingesting colostrum from the goats that had ingested the plant. In Group 3, all females kidded normally and the kids showed no signs of poisoning. Ten leaf samples of A. septentrionalis contained 0.00074% ±0.00018 MF. These results demonstrate that the MF of A. septentrionalis is eliminated in colostrum and may cause the death of kids. As in previous reports, the plant also caused abortion.
Tylosin injectable for the treatment of porcine proliferative enteropathy in experimentally inoculated pigs
Authors: Otoni Luisa V.A. , Gabardo Michelle P. , Macêdo Núbia R. , Wagatsuma Mariane M. , Pereira Marina M. , Guedes Roberto Maurício C.
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE) is one of the most common enteric diseases in growing and finishing pigs. PPE is characterized by reduced growth performance, accompanied or not by diarrhea. PPE is highly prevalent in several countries of the Americas, Europe and Asia, causing high economic losses in swine herds. The most common form of PPE control in pigs is antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new product based on tylosin injectable (Eurofarma Laboratórios S.A.) to control PPE in experimentally inoculated animals. Sixty 5-week-old pigs with mean weight of 9.5kg were divided into two experimental groups of 30 animals: medication and control. All pigs were challenged with Lawsonia intracellularis, the etiologic agent of PPE, on day zero. Fecal score, body condition score, and behavior were daily evaluated. Pigs were weighted on days -2, 13 and 21 of the experiment. Pigs in the Medication Group received tylosin injectable 13 days after inoculation, in three doses with a 12-hour interval between them. Pigs in the Control Group received injectable saline solution following the same protocol. In the Control Group, 23pigs presented with diarrhea before day 13. After day 13, the number of diarrheic animals in this group was reduced to 17. In the Medication Group, 26 pigs presented with diarrhea in the initial period, and in the period after medication, only 11 animals had diarrhea. The score of gross intestinal PPE lesions in the Medication Group was lower than that in the Control Group (p=0.031). The Medication Group also showed lower score for Lawsonia intracellularis antigen-labeling by immunohistochemistry compared with that of the Control Group (p=0.032), showing lower level of infection. These results demonstrate that tylosin injectable (Eurofarma Laboratórios S.A.), administrated in three doses (1mL/20kg) every 12 hours, was effective for the control of PPE in experimentally inoculated pigs.
VERSÕES DE ATLETAS DE MIXED MARTIAL ARTS NAS FASES DE PREPARAÇÃO PARA UM COMBATE
Authors: Camilo Juliana Aparecida de Oliveira , Spink Mary Jane Paris
Published: April 2019

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as versões de atletas de Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) que circularam nas fases de preparação para um combate (camp). Para isso, seguimos o cotidiano de um atleta, vinculado à principal liga da modalidade, o Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), em dezembro de 2014. A metodologia seguiu os pressupostos da etnografia, com interações nas diferentes práticas em que o atleta se envolvia. Adotamos uma aproximação teórico-metodológica com a teoria ator-rede, em diálogo com a Psicologia Social de cunho construcionista. Nas fases do camp foi possível identificar as versões de lutador como: (a) trabalhador que é precarizado (treinamentos); b) ídolo (semana da luta); (c) sobrevivente (pesagem); (d) “casca-grossa” (dia da luta); e (e) “humano” (pós-luta). A pesquisa sugere que não há um tipo específico de lutador, ou perspectivas diferentes sobre ele, mas sim, que ele é múltiplo, produtos das práticas nas quais está envolvido.
IDENTIDADE DE LUGAR E DE TRABALHO ENTRE TRABALHADORES RURAIS NA FRONTEIRA COTIA-IBIÚNA (SP)
Authors: Massola Gustavo Martineli , Silva Junior José Barbosa de Araújo
Published: April 2019

Resumo Reflexões recentes defendem que tanto o trabalho quanto o lugar perderam centralidade na definição da identidade psicossocial contemporânea. Ao mesmo tempo, são raras as pesquisas que procuram relacionar identidade laboral e de lugar. Este trabalho visa estudar ambos os temas entre trabalhadores agrícolas paulistas. Para isso, foram conduzidas 6 entrevistas semiestruturadas com itens relativos à identidade laboral, à identidade de lugar e ao apego ao lugar, as quais foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas a análise de conteúdo. As principais categorias encontradas foram mobilidade, vínculos de trabalho, posse da terra e clima. Os entrevistados mostraram, com uma única exceção, forte identidade laboral e de lugar. Alguns entrevistados enfatizaram sua identidade com o lugar, outros, com o trabalho. As falas não distinguiam lugar e trabalho, que apareciam aos participantes como uma unidade fenomênica. Os resultados sugerem que lugar e trabalho mantêm sua centralidade para a identidade psicossocial de certos grupos.
Water use of cowpea under deficit irrigation and cultivation systems in semi-arid region
Authors: Freitas Rômulo M. O. de , Dombroski Jeferson L. D. , Freitas Francisco C. L. de , Nogueira Narjara W. , Leite Tiago S. , Praxedes Sidney C.
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT The resilience of crops to drought depends heavily on the cultural practices adopted, which can have a direct effect on water use efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of irrigation intervals on the growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of cowpea crops (cv. BRS Guariba) under conventional and no-tillage systems. The experiment was carried out in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using a split-plot in a randomised complete block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted of two cultivation systems in the whole plots (conventional and no-tillage) and six irrigation intervals in the subplots (2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 days) which were applied at full bloom. The biomass of the different parts of the plant, leaf area and leaf area index were assessed at 64 days after sowing (DAS) and grain yield, water consumption and water use efficiency at 70 DAS. No-tillage is a promising cultivation technique for cowpea crops, promoting higher grain yield and water use efficiency under semi-arid conditions. This system allows cowpea cultivation with irrigation intervals of 10 or 14 days, with no or small reduction in yield, respectively.
Development, calibration and validation of weighing lysimeters for measurement of evapotranspiration of crops
Authors: Fenner William , Dallacort Rivanildo , Faria Junior Cleonir A. , Freitas Paulo S. L. de , Queiroz Tadeu M. de , Santi Adalberto
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT The evapotranspiration process is critical to studies on the water balance and water demand of crops and can be determined by several methods. A widely-used method, despite its high installation costs, is weighing lysimeters, which consists of a box over a balance connected to a load cell that monitors variations in the soil-water-plant-atmosphere system. The aim of this study was to develop and calibrate six weighing lysimeters (with dimensions of 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.2 m each) by high precision load cells, testing their ability to measure water mass changes in field conditions and cultivated with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), in the city of Tangará da Serra, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. All lysimeters showed coefficients of determination higher than 0.99, as well as Willmott indexes, correlation and high confidence indexes, indicating that the equipment is suitable for measuring mass variations in water balance and evapotranspiration studies, representing the reality which occurred in the field.
O protagonismo das mulheres negras no Conselho Estadual da Condição Feminina de São Paulo (1983-1988)
Authors: Silva Tauana Olivia Gomes , Wolff Cristina Scheibe
Published: April 2019

Resumo Durante o período de transição democrática nos anos 1980, no Brasil, as mulheres negras participaram ativamente do processo de reestruturação das instâncias governamentais e de reorganização dos movimentos sociais. Este trabalho visa assim, analisar as contribuições das mulheres negras no Conselho Estadual da Condição Feminina de São Paulo. Objetivamos também discutir as divergências e redes de solidariedade entre os diferentes grupos de mulheres que constituíram esse órgão governamental na década de 1980.
Transtornos mentais comuns entre trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico
Authors: Sousa Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa , Lopes Danilo de Paiva , Tracera Gisele Massante Peixoto , Abreu Ângela Maria Mendes , Portela Luciana Fernandes , Zeitoune Regina Célia Gollner
Published: April 2019

Resumo Objetivo: Verificar as associações entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, laborais e condições de saúde e hábitos de vida e os transtornos mentais comuns entre os trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital psiquiátrico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado em um hospital psiquiátrico. Participaram 74 trabalhadores de enfermagem. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica, laboral e de condições de saúde e hábitos de vida, da subescala Número de Doenças Diagnosticadas pelo Médico, extraída do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho, do Questionário de Insônia de Ohayon e do Self Reporting Questionnaire – 20. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, t de Student e U de Mann Whitney. Resultados: A prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns foi de 25,7%. As variáveis associadas aos transtornos mentais comuns foram: categoria profissional (p=0,015), tempo para lazer (p<0,001), problemas de saúde (p=0,003) e satisfação com o sono (p=0,003). Conclusão: Os achados das associações permitem inferir que existe uma relação entre os hábitos de vida do trabalhador, sua atividade laborativa e o desfecho evidenciado pelo maior percentual de transtornos mentais comuns. Este estudo contribui com subsídios para propostas de intervenções e ações preventivas para o adoecimento.
A Cidade como Espaço Educador: por uma prática pedagógica espacial com estudantes de pedagogia
Authors: Ferretti Orlando Ednei
Published: April 2019

RESUMO Neste texto procuramos construir uma reflexão sobre o ensino de Geografia para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental e a formação dos estudantes de pedagogia. Abordamos esses temas a partir de contextos reais, com discussões sobre as noções de espaço, lugar, paisagem e território e, para tanto, escolhemos espaços de relação direta com os estudantes na cidade, que é seu território. A pesquisa foi realizada em grupos, articulada com o trabalho de campo em que o professor discute e aponta elementos fundamentais do conteúdo temático. Deste reconhecimento da paisagem, cria-se lugares e reflete-se sobre a produção do espaço. A metodologia deste trabalho foi construída tendo por base o estudo do meio.
Narrativas de sofrimento emocional na Atenção Primária: contribuições para uma abordagem integral culturalmente sensível em Saúde Mental Global
Authors: Menezes Alice Lopes do Amaral , Athie Karen , Favoreto Cesar Augusto Orazem , Ortega Francisco , Fortes Sandra
Published: April 2019

Autores da Saúde Mental Global defendem, de um lado, o aumento do acesso aos cuidados de saúde mental, inclusive com o uso de intervenções padronizadas. De outro lado, na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil, a apresentação sintomatológica do sofrimento emocional pelos pacientes dificulta sua identificação pelos profissionais, comprometendo o cuidado e exigindo uma abordagem culturalmente sensível. Objetivando conhecer a percepção de pacientes sobre o sofrimento emocional e seu cuidado na Atenção Primária, adotou-se método qualitativo de abordagem narrativa, com coleta de dados em grupos em salas de espera e roteiro baseado no instrumento McGill Ilness Narrative Interview. As narrativas foram tratadas por Análise de Conteúdo e revelaram que limitar a comunicação do sofrimento é negar o acesso ao cuidado. Contrapondo tal limitação, apontaram-se estratégias para nortear a estruturação de um cuidado que seja integral e culturalmente sensível.
Circulating Tumor Cells Identify Patients with Super-High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Updated Outcome Analysis of a Prospective Single-Center Trial
Authors: Nicolazzo Chiara , Busetto Gian Maria , Gradilone Angela , Sperduti Isabella , del Giudice Francesco , Loreni Flavia , Cortesi Enrico , de Berardinis Ettore , Gazzaniga Paola , Raimondi Cristina
Published: April 2019

Background

Clinical behavior of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is largely unpredictable, and even patients treated according to European Association of Urology recommendations have a heterogeneous prognosis. High-grade T1 (HGT1) bladder cancer is the highest-risk subtype of NMIBC, with an almost 40% rate of recurrence and 20% of progression at 5 years. Nomograms predicting risk of recurrence, progression, and cancer-specific survival (CSS) are not available specifically within HGT1 bladder cancer, and the identification of robust prognostic biomarkers to better guide therapeutic strategies in this subgroup of patients is of paramount importance. Strategies to identify putative biomarkers in liquid biopsies from blood and urine collected from patients with bladder cancer have been intensively studied in the last few years.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

We here report the final analysis of a single-center prospective study aimed to investigate the impact of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) on CSS and overall survival (OS) in 102 patients with HGT1 bladder cancer, in a median follow-up of 63 months.

Results

We here demonstrate that the presence of even a single CTC is predictive of shorter CSS and OS, as compared with the standard predictive variables. Points of attention in this multivariable analysis are the long-term follow-up and the adequate number of outcome events.

Conclusion

The accurate risk stratification provided by CTCs might be essential for determining the best surveillance strategy for patients after diagnosis. A closer follow-up, an early radical surgery, or even a systemic treatment might be recommended in patients with super-high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Trends in Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Cell Carcinoma at the End of Life: Insights from Real-World Practice
Authors: Parikh Ravi B. , Galsky Matthew D. , Gyawali Bishal , Riaz Fauzia , Kaufmann Tara L. , Cohen Aaron B. , Adamson Blythe J.S. , Gross Cary P. , Meropol Neal J. , Mamtani Ronac
Published: April 2019

Several immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies (CPIs) have been approved to treat metastatic urothelial cell carcinoma (mUC). Because of the favorable toxicity profile of CPI compared with chemotherapy, oncologists may have a low threshold to prescribe CPI to patients near the end of life. We evaluated trends in initiation of end-of-life systemic therapy in 1,637 individuals in the Flatiron Health Database who were diagnosed with mUC between 2015 and 2017 and who died. Rates of systemic therapy initiation in the last 30 and 60 days of life were 17.0% and 29.8%, respectively. The quarterly proportion of patients who initiated CPI within 60 days of death increased from 1.0% to 23% during the study period (ptrend < .001). After CPI approval, end-of-life CPI initiation significantly increased among patients with poor performance status (ptrend = .020) and did not significantly change among individuals with good performance status. The quarterly proportion of patients who initiated any systemic therapy at the end of life doubled (17.4% to 34.8%) during the study period, largely explained by increased CPI use. These findings suggest a dramatic rise in CPI use at the end of life in patients with mUC, a finding that may have important guideline and policy implications.
Analysis of climate-driven processes in clayey slopes for early warning system design
Authors: Cotecchia Federica , Tagarelli Vito , Pedone Giuseppe , Ruggieri Gennaro , Guglielmi Simona , Santaloia Francesca
Published: April 2019

The activity of deep landslides in slopes formed of clayey turbidites has been observed to be connected to the climatic regime in the Mediterranean, based on field data and phenomenological interpretations. With the aim of investigating this connection, the effects of the soil–vegetation–atmosphere interaction on the piezometric regime were investigated by means of hydraulic finite-element analyses of the transient seepage across a prototype clayey slope. The ground surface condition was defined accounting for rainfall and evapotranspiration flux, estimated through the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization Penman–Monteith approach. The predicted excursions of the piezometric head within the slope over time were found to agree with field observations. The predicted piezometric profiles were investigated to evaluate the infiltration processes during the year and show how these bring about seasonal piezometric excursions. The results of the hydraulic analyses were then input into limit equilibrium analyses to assess the impact of the slope–vegetation–atmosphere interaction on the stability of landslide bodies of different depths. The results show how such impact depends on the stratigraphy of the slope. Furthermore, the variability of the climatic precursor of landsliding with landslide depth was characterised to guide the design of early warning systems for mitigation purposes.
Turunçgil Kabuk Yağlarının Gökkuşağı Alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Filetolarının Raf Ömrü Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: OĞUZHAN YILDIZ Pınar
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada farklı
konsantrasyonlardaki (%0,5 ve %1) turunçgil kabuk yağlarının (limon, portakal
ve bergamot) gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) filetolarının raf
ömrü üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Örnekler kontrol grubu (A), %0,5 limon uçucu yağı ilave
edilmiş (B), %1 limon uçucu yağı ilave edilmiş (C), %0,5
portakal uçucu yağı ilave edilmiş (D), %1 portakal uçucu yağı ilave
edilmiş (E), %0,5 bergamot uçucu yağı ilave edilmiş (F) ve %1
bergamot uçucu yağı ilave edilmiş (G) olmak
üzere yedi gruba ayrılmıştır. Balık örneklerinin mikrobiyolojik (toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri, toplam psikrotrofik
bakteri, laktik asit bakterileri, Enterobacteriaceae) kimyasal (pH, toplam uçucu bazik azotu,
thiobarbitürik asit reaktif maddeler) ve duyusal (renk,
koku, lezzet, genel kabul edilebilirlik) özellikleri incelenmiştir. Depolama
süresi boyunca mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal özellikler açısından kontrol grubu
ile uygulama grupları arasında önemli değişiklikler tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). En düşük ve en yüksek toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri, toplam psikrotrofik bakteri, laktik asit bakteri ve Enterobacteriaceae sayıları
sırasıyla 2,54-7,92, 2,69-8,03, 2,00-5,03 ve 2,00-4,09 olarak bulunmuştur.
Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre farklı konsantrasyonlarda turunçgil uçucu
yağları ilavesinin bakteri sayısını önemli ölçüde azalttığı ve örneklerin
bozulmasını geciktirdiği belirlenmiştir.
Comunidades organizadas y el servicio público de agua potable en Colombia: una defensa de la tercera opción económica desde la teoría de recursos de uso común
Authors: Moncada Mesa Jhonny , Pérez Muñoz Carolina , Valencia Agudelo Germán Darío
Published: April 2019

Este artículo investiga, a partir de la teoría y los principios institucionales propuestos por Elinor Ostrom, si las comunidades organizadas en Colombia pueden prestar de manera sostenible el servicio público domiciliario de agua potable y administrarlo como un recurso de uso común (RUC). Para ello se hace una selección de acueductos comunitarios en Colombia y se contrasta con los ocho principios que propone la teoría. Se muestra cómo, en general, se cumple con los principios institucionales, pero también se destacan dificultades, en especial, en el principio del “reconocimiento mínimo de derechos de organización”.