bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, influencing factors, and prediction model construction of anemia in ankylosing spondylitis based on real-world data: An exploratory study
Authors: Gong Yifan , Yang Kun , Geng Zhaoyang , Liu Hongxiao
Published: February 2025

Objective

This study aimed to explore the prevalence and influencing factors of anemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using real-world data and to construct a predictive model for anemia in AS.

Methods

In November 2023, we accessed the database from China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN). Clinical data of AS collected from the CERTAIN between March 2022 and September 2023 were analyzed. Demographic information, clinical assessment scales, and laboratory test results of the patients were collected. According to the anemia diagnostic criteria established by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, patients were divided into anemia group and non-anemia group. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 software, including χ2 tests, independent sample t-tests to compare differences between the two groups, and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis to explore the influencing factors of anemia in AS. The predictive efficacy of the model was evaluated by plotting receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Calibration was assessed through the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and a calibration curve was plotted to comprehensively evaluate the predictive capability of the model.

Results

A total of 251 patients were included in this study, among which 58 cases had anemia (23.1%). There were significant differences in gender, ossification, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) indicators, and clinical assessment scale results between the two groups (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, underweight, ossification, abnormal CRP and ESR were independent risk factors for anemia in AS (P < 0.05). Based on the results of multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis, a predictive model for anemia in AS was established as Logit(P) = −5.02 + 2.041 × gender −1.11 × BMI(body mass index) category + 1.103 × ossification category + 0.942 × CRP category + 1.476 × ESR category. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the model for predicting anemia in AS was 0.857 (95% CI: 0.808 ~ 0.906). The Omnibus test of model coefficients yielded χ2 = 85.265, P < 0.001. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed χ2 = 7.005, P = 0.536 (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Analysis of real-world AS diagnosis and treatment data showed that the prevalence of anemia in Chinese AS was 23.1%. The occurrence of anemia was closely related to female gender, underweight, ossification, and abnormal CRP and ESR. The logistic model constructed based on these indicators for predicting the risk of anemia in AS demonstrated good efficacy.
Comparison of survival outcomes and anatomically specific severe injuries following traffic accidents among occupants of standard and K-car vehicles: A retrospective cohort study at a teaching hospital in Japan
Authors: Ono Yuko , Uzawa Tasuku , Sugiyama Jun , Tomita Nozomi , Kakamu Takeyasu , Ishida Tokiya , Kotani Joji , Shinohara Kazuaki
Published: February 2025

Road traffic accidents are a global health concern. K-car vehicles, also known as "mini vehicles," are defined as those having an engine displacement <660 cc, vehicle length <3.4 m, width <1.48 m, and height <2.0 m. K-cars have become increasing popular not only in Japan but also in other countries. Compared with standard vehicles, the occupant space of a K-car vehicle is considerably smaller; thus, passengers may be more vulnerable to the external forces generated in a collision, which in turn can lead to deformation of the occupant space and less protection against injuries. However, data are scarce regarding whether K-car vehicles are related to poorer survival outcomes and severe trauma. We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients who were injured in four-wheeled vehicle accidents between 2002 and 2023 and admitted to a community teaching hospital in Japan. The vehicle configuration was divided into standard and K-car vehicles. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Other outcomes included severe trauma, defined as Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15, and anatomically specific severe injury of the head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities, defined as Abbreviated Injury Scale score ≥3. Of 5331 eligible patients, 2384 (44.7%) were K-car vehicle occupants. In propensity score-matched analysis with 1947 pairs, we observed an increase for in-hospital mortality in the K-car vehicle group (2.6% vs. 4.0%, odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.07–2.19). Compared with standard vehicles, K-car vehicles were associated with a greater risk of severe trauma and serious injuries of the head and neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities. These study data should be used to encourage vehicle occupants and automobile manufacturers to consider objective facts regarding the safety of vehicles in a traffic accident.
La trialéctica del espacio como soporte teórico y metodológico para el mapeo colectivo
Authors: Pintos Radice Juan José
Published: February 2025

El presente texto pretende articular la teoría de la trialéctica del espacio social como soporte teórico y metodológico para el análisis de la cartografía social, entendiendo al proceso como una construcción colectiva, en el que se yuxtaponen una serie de representaciones y significados sobre un mismo espacio. Dicha propuesta pretende aportar algunas reflexiones en términos epistemológicos, es decir en el modo en el que se construye conocimiento, pero además en el sentido en el que los interrogantes se realizan al objeto de estudio. Para ello, se expondrá como ejemplo un caso práctico realizado en la localidad de Sierra de los Padres donde se relevó la percepción del uso del agua como tema y problema entre habitantes de distintas edades. En el marco de las actividades del seminario de posgrado Metodologías de participación ciudadana para investigación y extensión con enfoque territorial dictado en la Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata.
Reseña del libro: Jorge Dioni López (2023), El malestar de las ciudades
Authors: Serrano Royán Carmen
Published: February 2025

Jorge Dioni López, El malestar de las ciudades, Arpa, 2023, 352 p., ISBN 978-84-18741-87-6.
Test-herbáriumok
Authors: Moise Gabriella
Published: February 2025

Charmaine Watkiss (sz. 1964) munkái saját megfogalmazása szerint „emlék-történetek”; életnagyságú rajzai önreprezentációk, de nem önportrék, ahol az alakok inkább vásznak, amelyekre rétegződően viszi fel a különböző afro-karibi és afrikai kultúrák vizuális emlék-lenyomatait, legyenek azok botanikai motívumok, kulturális tárgyak vagy szimbólumok. Felforgató művészi gesztus, ahogyan appropriálja a portré-ábrázolás művészettörténeti hagyományait. Egyfelől rajzaiban a fekete női testek központi alakokká válnak, kitöltik a képteret, szerepük szerint méltóságteljes, hatalommal önnön jogon felruházott (empowered), tudást örző és áthagyományozni képes karakterek. Másodsorban a rajz médiumán keresztül olyan intim és személyes kapcsolódásra és bevonódásra hívja a nézőt, amely többszörösen is a gyógyulás, a traumatikus múlttal való szembenézés és megbékélés tereit teremti meg. A gyakran egy képi térben megjelenő megsokszorozott alakok az intergenerációs tudást és emlékeket hivatottak leképezni, ahogyan anyáról lányra hagyományozódnak azok a kulturális tudás-tartalmak, amelyek a transzatlanti rabszolga-kereskedelem és a kolonizáció miatt szükségszerűen sérültek, elvesztek vagy kitörlődtek. Watkiss herba-test ábrázolásaival egy olyan felszabadító vizuális nyelvet teremt, amelyik egyszerre szól az ellenállás regisztereiben, miközben a diaszpóra-létre jellemző történelmi diszkontinuitásra és gyökértelenségre igyekszik gyógyírként szolgálni.
Multifunctional properties of cotton fabric tailored via green synthesis of TiO2/curcumin composite
Authors: Tomšič Brigita , Blagojevič Maja , Klančar Nuša , Makoter Erik , Močenik Klara , Šmid Sebastijan , Veskova Marija , Gorjanc Marija , Kert Mateja , Simončič Barbara
Published: February 2025

In this study, a novel green process was developed to produce a multifunctional cotton (CO) fabric incorporating TiO2/curcumin composites that simultaneously provides UV protection and photocatalytic performance. For this purpose, TiO2 was synthesised using the sol–gel process; loaded with the natural colourant curcumin as a visible light absorber at two temperatures, i.e., 70 and 350 °C; and applied to the CO fabric via the pad–dry–cure process. For comparison, TiO2 was synthesised without curcumin under the same conditions. The synthesis conditions at 70 °C ensured the formation of predominantly amorphous TiO2, while curcumin promoted TiO2 crystallisation despite the low synthesis temperature. A 350 °C synthesis temperature was high enough to form the polymorphic TiO2 anatase phase. Although the increase in synthesis temperature and the presence of curcumin in the composites caused a bathochromic shift in light absorption, the photocatalytic activity of all samples was mainly driven by UV light. Chemically modifying the CO fabric significantly reduced the light transmittance of the samples, with the highest absorption of UV light obtained for the sample containing the TiO2/curcumin composite synthesised at 70 °C. This sample provided excellent UV protection with a UPF value of 51.6. All chemically modified CO samples showed photocatalytic activity, degrading coffee stains and decolourising methylene blue and Rhodamine B dye solutions. The highest photocatalytic efficiency and recyclability were obtained again for the CO sample with the TiO2/curcumin composite synthesised at 70 °C, demonstrating the synergistic effect between TiO2 and curcumin in the composite prepared under these synthesis conditions.
Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Kawasaki Disease–Related Coronary Artery Aneurysm: A Large Single-Center Assessment in Nanjing, China
Authors: Zhou Yun , Chen Mei , Gao Wenting , Chen Yu , Meng Ying
Published: February 2025

Background:

The impact of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) caused by Kawasaki disease (KD) on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children has not been well documented.

Methods:

This study investigated long-term HRQOL in a large sample of children diagnosed with KD-related CAAs. A case-control, retrospective study included 66 patients with KD-related CAAs. A total of 98 hospitalized patients were matched as controls based on age and sex: 49 patients were allocated to a group with pneumonia and 49 patients were allocated to a group with arterio-arterial fistula. Both child-reported and parent-proxy–reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory surveys were collected.

Results:

The median (IQR) follow-up period was 5.64 (3.81-7.47) years (range, 1.03-10.67 years). The mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 3.73 (1.93) years. At baseline, children and parents as their proxies reported similar HRQOL scores for KD-related CAAs and arterio-arterial fistula that were considerably lower than for pneumonia, respectively. At long-term follow-up, children in the small and medium-sized aneurysms group reported a mean (SD) score of 81.61 (19.50), which was comparable to the arterio-arterial fistula group (83.32 [18.24]), 9.51 points lower than that of the pneumonia group (P = .014), and 9.70 points higher than that of the giant aneurysms group (P = .012). Parents also reported a comparable mean (SD) score of 81.03 (12.57) vs 83.30 (15.17) in the small and medium-sized aneurysms group and arterio-arterial fistula group, both of which had statistically significantly lower scores than the pneumonia group (P = .010) and higher scores than the giant aneurysms group (P = .009).

Conclusion:

Despite improvement in HRQOL scores, children with documented KD-related CAAs without complete recovery often encountered issues that disrupted their well-being during long-term follow-up. Routine outpatient HRQOL screening could be instituted to help eliminate the risk of long-term disability following initial clinical improvement.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM BAGI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PENJUALAN THRIFTING FASHION IMPOR DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Helena Primadianti , Afrilia Dian , Y Annalisa , Murty Theta , Zulaikha Almira Novia
Published: February 2025

Perdagangan Indonesia semakin maju, berbagai peluang bisnis menjadikan pelaku usaha semakin banyak menjalankan aktivitas dagang yang mendatangkan banyak keuntungan, seperti halnya penjualan thrifting fashion impor (jual beli pakaian bekas). Semakin berkembangnya Bisnis Thrifting Fashion impor ini dianggap mematikan industry local dalam negeri di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini menelaah problematika hukum apa yang terjadi sehingga penjualan thrifting fashion impor ini semakin berkembang walaupun sudah ada peraturan terkait Larangan Impor Pakaian Bekas. Sejauhmana kepastian hukum yang diberikan kepada konsumen terhadap penjualan thrifting fashion impor ini dalam kaitan mewujudkan kesejahteran masyarakat selaku konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan-peraturan yang mengatur impor pakaian bekas ini telah diatur dengan tegas. Namun setelah dikaji, ada peraturan yang saling bertentangan yang membuat celah untyk dapat menyimpangi peraturan yang lainnya khususnya terhadap impor pakaian bekas ini. Kepastian hukum akan peraturan yang ada sebenarnya sudah cukup dilakukan, namun yang terpenting adalah sinkronisasi peraturan-peraturan yang ada dilapangan yang dapat menindaklanjuti berkembanganya penjualan Thrifting Fashion impor ini yang mungkin dapat memberikan dampak negative bagi masyarakat sebagai konsumen.
Identification of Place Theory in the Mutun Beach Tourism Area, Lampung
Authors: Pradivta I Made Surya Putra , Persada Citra
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Mutun Beach, located in the Padang Cermin District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia, is one of the natural tourist attractions with great potential to increase the local revenue in Pesawaran due to its combination of white sand, clear sea water, and various exciting activities offered. However, a significant tourist decrease has occurred, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the presence of competing beach resort developers, poor road access, inadequate aesthetic design, and poor waste management are also reasons why Pantai Mutun is becoming less popular. The collaboration of the "Place" theory elements is applied to maintain the attraction of Pantai Mutun. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with survey data processed into simple statistics such as percentages and averages to answer research questions and test hypotheses. The results show that the application of "place" theory elements at Pantai Mutun received an average score of 2.47, categorized as Poor. This condition indirectly affects the sustainability of Pantai Mutun, with the predicted gradual decrease in the number of visitors in the coming years until a critical point is reached where the sustainability of the tourist area becomes difficult to maintain. Recommendations include the consistent integration of "place" theory elements in every aspect of design and management, as well as increasing the involvement of the local community in the area's management to ensure sustainability and the relevance of the design to the local culture.
Assessing small-holder coffee farmers’ awareness and choice of climate change/variability adaptation strategies in Mattu Woreda, southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Desta Leta Jima , Belayneh Mengie , Emiru Bijiga
Published: February 2025

It is advocated that smallholder coffee farmers’ characteristics and perceptions strongly affect the use and selection of climate variability/change response mechanisms. Therefore, we investigated the climate change/variability perceptions and determining factors of the selection of smallholder coffee farmers’ adaptation strategies over the period 1992–2022 in Mattu woreda, Ethiopia. This study used cross-sectional research design as the data was collected from different groups (adaptor and non-adaptor) at a time. A sample of 325 coffee farmers were randomly selected for a self-administered questionnaire supplemented with face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions. A multinomial logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis. The findings of the study showed that 79% of coffee farmers are conscious of the prevailing climate change and related consequences on coffee growth, production, productivity, and quality. Coffee farmers practiced planting coffee under shade, close spacing, mulching, and irrigation, developing an adaptable coffee variety, developing disease and heat-tolerant varieties, changing the location and planting date, and pruning as strategies to lessen the influence of climatic change on coffee production. However, most coffee farmers prefer to plant coffee under shade and pruning. The selection of climate change/variability adaptation strategies among coffee farmers is significantly influenced by age, family size, coffee farm experience, land holding size, income of HHs, distance to coffee farm plots, access to climate information, and training and TLU (P < 0.05). Therefore, provision of climate information, extension services, and seed varieties to farmers, and improving social and physical infrastructures are recommended to better adapt and mitigate the effect of climate change/variability.
Morphological causatives in Moroccan Arabic: An Optimality-Theoretic account
Authors: Loutfi Ayoub
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the formation of the morphological causative in Moroccan Arabic within the framework of Optimality Theory. The pivotal process involved in this construction is morphological gemination, where the second consonant of the root is doubled (e.g., ktəb ~ kəttəb). A perplexing aspect of this process is its consistent targeting of the second consonant, while excluding ill-formed words such as *kktəb and *ktəbb. In this study, we argue that the linearization of the causative morpheme in MA is governed by phonological well-formedness interacting with the morphological process of causativization, resulting in infixation. This phenomenon exemplifies the Emergence of the Unmarked (McCarthy & Prince 1994; Alderete et al. 1999), where the otherwise inactive markedness constraint *COMPLEXONSET in the language assumes explanatory prominence. The strength of the analysis proposed here lies in treating the infixal process as an outcome of simple and universal constraints, primarily motivated by demands on prosodic well-formedness, without recourse to language-specific templatic patterns. This approach highlights the implications of phonological constraints in capturing morphological processes and suggests that templatic patterns may emerge from phonological well-formedness rather than being innate to the language.
Kirsten Refsing (1948-2023)
Authors: Majewicz Alfred F.
Published: February 2025

Obituary
To Commit or Not to Commit in Product-Innovation Timing Games
Authors: Sun Chia-Hung
Published: February 2025

This research analyzes a firm’s timing of bringing a new product to the market, based on a product-innovation timing game in which the quality of a new product increases over time. We explore the equilibrium outcomes when both firms can precommit to their timing of market entry (the so-called precommitment game), when they cannot credibly precommit to their timing of market entry (the so-called preemption game), and when only one firm can precommit to its timing of market entry (the so-called mixed precommitment game). Sequential entry is the unique equilibrium outcome in all three games. We finally discuss two extended timing games with endogenous commitment choices. The equilibrium involves a precommitment subgame in the endogenous precommitment game with observable delay, while mixed precommitment subgames appear to be the equilibria in undominated strategies in the endogenous precommitment game with action commitment.
Crystal structure of 5′-hydroxy-6′-methoxy-1′-methyl-2′,3′,8′,8a′-tetrahydro-1′H-spiro[cyclohexane-1,7′-cyclopenta[ij]isoquinoline]-2,5-dien-4-one, C18H19NO3
Authors: Yang Li-Qiong , Wu Jie , Qin Hai-Long , Cai Pan-Feng , Liu Ya-Hua , Li Ji-Xin
Published: February 2025

C18H19NO3, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 10.0669(6) Å, b = 6.9690(4) Å, c = 11.9051(7) Å, β = 113.011(2)°, V = 768.76(8) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0344, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0849, T = 170 K.
Latin American territorial disputes and China’s growing influence
Authors: Deák Máté
Published: February 2025

Latin American countries managed to avoid major wars after their liberation from the colonial system. At the same time, smaller, local wars and territorial conflicts have affected the region, often creating a tense interstate atmosphere and delineating areas of geographically disputed affiliation. In the 21st century, the controversial territorial disputes of the 19th and 20th centuries continue to shape the re-gional dynamics of interstate relations. Among the numerous examples, this paper examines the land disputes between Chile and Bolivia (Atacama, Anto-fagasta), Argentina and the United Kingdom (Las Malvinas or Falkland Islands), Brazil and Uruguay (El Rincón de Artigas, Ilha Brasileira, Masoller), Costa Rica and Nicaragua (Isla Calero), Guayana and Ven-ezuela (Essequibo), Guatemala and Belize (Cayo, Belize, Stann Creek and the Toledo Territories). It explores the history and origins of these interstate conflicts, describes possible solutions, including measures taken to date to resolve them, and argues that existing problems with colonial roots are being exacerbated by the race for resources and global markets, with a particular focus on China’s role in regional geopolitical realities. The analysis con-cludes that these disputes are unlikely to be re-solved in the near future, despite the policies and efforts already undertaken.
Japan's return to the lifting the g old export ban and trends in colonial Joseon in the late 1920s and early 30s
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Cho Myung-Keun
Published: February 2025

This article examines the perception and impact of Japan's lifting of the gold export ban in colonial Joseon in 1930. The international gold standard, which was suspended due to World War I, was restored in the mid-1920s. Japan decided to lift the gold export ban in 1929, citing the restoration of the international gold standard as an external reason, and the economic instability caused by declining and frequently fluctuating exchange rates as an internal reason. In colonial Joseon, concerns about the problems that would arise from lifting the gold export ba n, specifica lly the impa ct of a usterity policies, outweighed any anticipated benefits. According to the revaluation method chosen by Japan, a recession due to falling prices and rising interest rates was inevitable. At that time, the general outlook in Joseon was that monetary contraction due to austerity policies, along with falling prices and rising interest rates, would lead to an economic downturn. In Joseon, where farmers made up the overwhelming majority, there was significant concern about reduced income due to falling rice prices and credit crunches due to rising interest rates. The austerity policies were shifting the burden of the recession onto the weak, transferring it from capitalists to laborers, and from mainland Japan to Joseon. Unlike Japan, colonial Joseon lacked a social safety net, ma king the ha rdships ca used by a usterity a ll the more severe for its people.
A Hippocampal-parietal Network for Reference Frame Coordination
Authors: Zheng (征亦诚) Yicheng , Zhou (周信羽) Xinyu , Moseley Shawn C. , Ragsdale Sydney M. , Alday Leslie J. , Wu (吴畏) Wei , Wilber Aaron A.
Published: February 2025

Navigating space and forming memories based on spatial experience are crucial for survival, including storing memories in an allocentric (map-like) framework and conversion into egocentric (body-centered) action. The hippocampus and parietal cortex (PC) comprise a network for coordinating these reference frames, though the mechanism remains unclear. We used a task requiring remembering previous spatial locations to make correct future action and observed that hippocampus can encode the allocentric place, while PC encodes upcoming actions and relays this to hippocampus. Transformation from location to action unfolds gradually, with ‘Came From’ signals diminishing and future action representations strengthening. PC sometimes encodes previous spatial locations in a route-based reference frame and conveys this to hippocampus. The signal for the future location appears first in PC, and then in hippocampus, in the form of an egocentric direction of future goal locations, suggesting egocentric encoding recently observed in hippocampus may originate in PC (or another “upstream” structure). Bidirectional signaling suggests a coordinated mechanism for integrating allocentric, route-centered, and egocentric spatial reference frames at the network level during navigation.

Significance StatementOur study has broad implications for understanding how the brain coordinates and integrates different spatial reference frames. Our data suggests rats can alternate between multiple neural strategies within the same task. In addition, we find out that similar signals are present in both the hippocampus and the PC but at different times, providing novel insights into the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory. It reveals an intricate system involving an extended brain network that includes the hippocampus, PC, and structures anatomically ‘in-between’. The bidirectional signaling suggests this brain network truly operates as a network and not a unidirectional circuit. These findings suggest a focus on brain networks (and not just single regions) is critical for understanding transformations. These processes are fundamental for spatial cognition and related disorders and even for solving problems that may use similar neural machinery, such as building abstract representations from egocentric views, as occurs with object invariance.
Alterations of Adult Prefrontal Circuits Induced by Early Postnatal Fluoxetine Treatment Mediated by 5-HT7 Receptors
Authors: De Stasi Angela Michela , Zorrilla de San Martin Javier , Soto Nina , Aguirre Andrea , Olusakin Jimmy , Lourenço Joana , Gaspar Patricia , Bacci Alberto
Published: February 2025

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in high-level cognitive functions and emotional behaviors, and PFC alterations correlate with different brain disorders including major depression and anxiety. In mice, the first two postnatal weeks represent a critical period of high sensitivity to environmental changes. In this temporal window, serotonin (5-HT) levels regulate the wiring of PFC cortical neurons. Early-life insults and postnatal exposure to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLX) affect PFC development leading to depressive and anxiety-like phenotypes in adult mice. However, the mechanisms responsible for these dysfunctions remain obscure. We found that early postnatal FLX exposure (PNFLX) results in reduced overall firing and high-frequency bursting of putative pyramidal neurons (PNs) of deep layers of the medial PFC of adult mice of both sexes in vivo. Ex vivo, patch-clamp recordings revealed that PNFLX abolished high-frequency firing in a distinct subpopulation of deep-layer mPFC PNs, which transiently express the serotonin transporter SERT during the first 2 postnatal weeks. SERT+ and SERT− PNs exhibit distinct morphofunctional properties. Genetic deletion of 5-HT7Rs and pharmacological 5-HT7R blockade partially rescued both the PNFLX-induced reduction of PN firing in vivo and the altered firing of SERT+ PNs in vitro. This indicates a pivotal role of this 5-HTR subtype in mediating 5-HT-dependent maturation of PFC circuits that are susceptible to early-life insults. Overall, our results suggest potential novel neurobiological mechanisms, underlying detrimental neurodevelopmental consequences induced by early-life alterations of 5-HT levels.
Survival analysis between different treatment strategies of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC): a population-based study
Authors: Li Wenkai , Wang Jing , Lin Jie , Sun Lei , Ouyang Manzhao , Ding Jie , Han Cuifang , Li Binbin , Huang Guo-Liang
Published: February 2025

Background

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is rare and heterogeneous. Currently, there is no concise treatment standard for MANEC. This study aimed to explore the prognostic impact of different treatment methods in MANEC.

Methods

The surveillance, epidemiology and end results database was utilized to evaluate the outcomes of MANEC using propensity score matching (PSM) , stratified and site-specific survival analysis.

Results

A total of 935 patients diagnosed with MANEC were enrolled in this study. Across most analyses, surgery performance (compared with no surgery) was associated with improved survival outcomes for MANEC patients, except for the site-specific analysis of small intestine, in which no significant association between surgery and patients’ survival was found. Radiotherapy exhibited no significant association with patients’ survival in most cases, and associated with poor prognosis of MANEC in certain specific analyses. Inconsistent effects of chemotherapy on MANEC were observed. Positive impact of chemotherapy on MANEC was indicated in PSM for chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Contradictory effects of chemotherapy were suggested based on the stage of MANEC, with unfavorable outcomes in early-stage and favorable outcomes in advanced-stage. The impact of chemotherapy on survival was influenced by the administration of surgery or radiotherapy. Site-specific analyses indicated that chemotherapy was beneficial to MANEC of the hepatic–biliary–pancreatic system.

Conclusions

The results of this study demonstrate the variable impact of different treatment strategies for MANEC. Surgery was generally associated with improved survival outcomes, while radiotherapy did not show a beneficial effect on MANEC. The effects of chemotherapy on MANEC were inconsistent in specific analyses.
Association of ethylene oxide exposure with sex hormones in the general US population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Zhiyuan , Sun Jiahao , Chen Haijun , Gu Jiaojiao , Zhang Sihan , Zhao Shuhang , Liu Jinting , Jia Linjiao , Li Wentao
Published: February 2025

Background

Ethylene oxide (EO) is an environmental chemical widely used in industry and has been related to various conditions such as dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. However, it is not clear what effect EO has on sex hormones. This paper aims to investigate the connection between EO exposure and sex hormones.

Methods

EO exposure was assessed by measuring blood levels of hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO). Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2016 dataset, we assessed linear and nonlinear associations between HbEO and sex hormone levels using weighted multivariate linear regression analyses and weighted generalized additive modeling approaches. We further calculated the threshold effect using a two-piecewise linear regression model. In addition, we performed subgroup analyses.

Results

In men, HbEO levels showed a U-shaped relationship with total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), with inflection points ln(HbEO) (natural logarithmic transformed value of HbEO) of 4.12 and 3.78 pmol/g Hb, respectively. HbEO levels in women showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with TT, with an inflection point ln(HbEO) of 4.54 pmol/g Hb. However, to the right of the inflection point, the relationship between HbEO and TT was not statistically significant (β = −0.09, 95%CI −0.21, 0.03). Female HbEO levels were negatively correlated with estradiol (β = −0.11, 95%CI −0.19, −0.03). In addition, we found a positive correlation between HbEO and SHBG in women with a body mass index (BMI) <25 (β = 0.12, 95%CI 0.04, 0.20, P for interaction = 0.007).

Conclusions

EO exposure leads to altered sex hormone levels in the general US population, and further research is required in the future to validate our findings.
Rett syndrome complicated by diabetes mellitus type 1
Authors: Kuniyoshi Yasutaka , Takahashi Satoru
Published: February 2025

Rett syndrome (RS) is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting females. RS and diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 are rare disorders with distinct etiologies. Although some cases of RS complicated by DM type 1 have been reported, the association between these distinct conditions is poorly understood and warrants further studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform clinical management. We report the case of a 10-year-old girl diagnosed with RS and DM type 1. The patient initially presented at 3 years of age with polydipsia, polyuria and decreased appetite over several weeks. Physical examination showed signs of dehydration, and laboratory evaluation revealed hyperglycemia, elevated HbA1c, glycosuria, ketonuria and low C-peptide levels. Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies were positive, confirming autoimmune DM type 1. Fluid resuscitation and insulin therapy were initiated with good glycemic control on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. A review of her history revealed normal early developmental milestones, including the onset of stereotypical hand movements at 3 years, communication impairment and seizures at 4 years and a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. At 10 years of age, genetic testing revealed a pathogenic MECP2 mutation. Clinical features, including breathing abnormalities, bruxism, abnormal tone and inappropriate laughing, met the diagnostic criteria for RS. This is the reported first case of RS with a confirmed MECP2 mutation complicated by DM type 1. Our case report contributes to the increasing evidence supporting the potential association between RS and DM type 1.

Learning points

There is a possible link between RS and DM type 1.

This is the first case report of RS with a confirmed MECP2 mutation complicated by DM type 1.

In cases where patients with RS develop diabetic ketoacidosis, it may manifest as mild acidosis or normal pH despite the presence of high blood sugar levels and dehydration.
Development and validation of long-acting recombinant human TSH using SAFA technology
Authors: Kim Daham , Kang Min Jeong , Lee So Jeong , Cho Yoon Hee , Zi Gunuk , An Jeongsuk , Park Jinjoo , Han Jaekyu , Chi Susan , Cha Sang-hoon , Lee Eun Jig
Published: February 2025

Thyrogen, a recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH), has a short half-life in the bloodstream, which necessitates multiple doses during treatment. Therefore, we developed a new long-acting rhTSH using anti-serum albumin Fab-associated (SAFA) technology to validate its biological activity through in vitro assays, pharmacokinetic studies in healthy mice and pharmacodynamics studies in a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-suppressed mouse model. SAFA-TSH was produced using a Chinese hamster ovary expression system. To verify its biological activity, we generated Nthy-ori 3-1 cells stably overexpressing TSHR and measured the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In a rat study, slow-release triiodothyronine (T3) pellets were implanted 3 days before administering Thyrogen or SAFA-TSH to measure the amount of thyroxine (T4) release alone resulting from exogenous administration. SAFA-TSH increased cAMP production dose-dependently, but less effectively than Thyrogen at similar concentrations. SAFA-TSH required six times the dose of Thyrogen to achieve similar cAMP levels, likely due to differences in molecular weight and relative bioactivity. In a rat study, SAFA-TSH produced elevated thyroid hormone levels well after the decline in the response to Thyrogen. SAFA-TSH had significantly higher cumulative effects on T4 and free T4 levels compared with Thyrogen, as observed by a more than two-fold higher average area under the effect curve of 262.56 vs 118.89 μg × h/dL and 127.47 vs 60.75 μg × h/dL, respectively. SAFA technology created successful long-acting TSH that demonstrated bioactivity. These findings endorse the continued development of SAFA-TSH for clinical use, highlighting its potential as a significant advancement treating thyroid cancer patients.
PERCEPCIONES DEL PROFESORADO UNIVERSITARIO Y DE FUTUROS DOCENTES HACIA UN MODELO HÍBRIDO. EL CASO DE LA FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN DE MONDRAGON UNIBERTSITATEA.
Authors: Zubizarreta Pagaldai Ane , Imaz Agirre Ainara , Ipiña Nagore
Published: February 2025

La crisis provocada por la COVID-19 ha promovido que los entornos tanto online como híbridos adquieran un gran protagonismo en todas las etapas del sistema educativo. Este desafío ha suscitado la visibilización de retos relacionados con la competencia digital del profesorado en general y los conocimientos sobre el diseño tecnopedagógico en particular. Sin embargo, las percepciones del profesorado juegan un rol esencial en la respuesta de las instituciones a los nuevos retos. La investigación que se presenta en este artículo se enmarca en ese contexto y tiene como objetivo analizar las percepciones tanto de los docentes de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de Mondragon Unibertsitatea (n= 24) como de los estudiantes de los Grados de Educación Primaria (n= 89) hacia el modelo híbrido implantado. Los resultados obtenidos de las encuestas diseñadas ad-hoc muestran que los participantes valoran la implementación del modelo híbrido de forma positiva. Sin embargo, se han identificado cuatro factores particulares del modelo híbrido que parecen influir en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje: la narrativa, la integración de contextos, la sincronía y el feedback.
ANÁLISIS DE LA COMPETENCIA DIGITAL DOCENTE EN EL ALUMNADO DEL GRADO DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA DE DOS UNIVERSIDADES ESTATALES
Authors: López-de-Arana Prado Elena , Gamito Gomez Rakel , Rappoport Soledad
Published: February 2025

En la actualidad, existe un amplio consenso entre la comunidad educativa acerca de la necesidad de asumir la competencia digital como uno de los principales retos formativos de los y las docentes. Este reconocimiento se observa en gran parte de las iniciativas llevadas a cabo por organismos internacionales, entre los que destacan los marcos europeos DigComp y DigCompEdu. El presente estudio nace de la necesidad de repensar la formación digital que actualmente se ofrece al futuro profesorado, teniendo en consideración tanto los marcos internacionales, como las habilidades y conocimientos digitales con la que los y las estudiantes inician la carrera. A tal fin, se lleva a cabo una encuesta de opinión que pretende conocer la competencia digital del alumnado que inicia el Grado de Educación Primaria en la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) y en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM). Los resultados muestran similitudes en la puntuación asignada por ambos grupos en la gran mayoría de competencias digitales específicas indagadas, destacando la baja percepción de desarrollo para la Creación de contenido y para la Resolución de problemas. Los hallazgos posibilitan un mejor ajuste de la propuesta formativa en ambas universidades, considerando las necesidades del alumnado.
EL BANCO MUNDIAL Y LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE POLÍTICAS EDUCATIVAS: FORMAS DE INFLUENCIA Y OMISIONES
Authors: Caravaca Alejandro , Edwards Jr. D. Brent , Rappeport Annie , Sperduti Vanessa R.
Published: February 2025

El Banco Mundial ha sido durante décadas uno de los actores no estatales más influyentes en educación, tanto a nivel de financiación como en cuanto a la producción de conocimiento en el campo de la política educativa global. Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre las contribuciones del organismo en la implementación de políticas educativas. A partir de un análisis sistemático de la literatura consistente en una muestra de 43 estudios, el presente artículo identifica los diversos modos de influencia del Banco Mundial en la puesta en práctica de políticas educativas internacionalmente y analiza algunos de los factores que han supuesto facilitadores y barreras para su implementación. Las formas de influencia identificadas abarcan todo el proceso de implementación, desde el diseño de las políticas y el establecimiento de condicionalidades, pasando por la provisión de asistencia técnica a los países receptores y llegando a la evaluación de la implementación. Por último, los resultados también señalan algunos de los resultados inesperados por el ente financiero, vinculados a la incapacidad de control total por parte del Banco de las personas implementadoras y a su omisión de factores contextuales de los países en el diseño de las políticas.
DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS, NEW TRAPS FOR AFRICA
Authors: Thierno Diop
Published: February 2025

Through a careful analysis, the author reveals that human rights and democracy are the new traps used by the ruling classes of the Western countries allied to internal social forces, since they decided to integrate the African continent in the capitalist world market, according to modalities corresponding to the different phases of capital accumulation. These traps prevent Africans from making the painful ruptures essential to changing their living conditions and their being.From this analysis, the author wonders about the role that a critical education can play for an awareness that is not only of Africans, but also of all humanity. Indeed, there is a need for a critical education not to be a facade, but really to ensure a global interaction leading to a true democracy which, on the other hand, still awaits its appropriate political-educational theorization a hundred years after John Dewey. Given that Africa is not separated from the rest of the world by a "wall of China", such a theorization must be well elaborated to avoid two things, as Aimé Césaire has clearly seen: locking oneself in the particular or to dilute in the universal
REPRESENTACIÓN SOCIAL DE LAS INFANCIAS INMIGRADAS EN ESPAÑA Y SUECIA: VÍCTIMAS, PRÓJIMAS Y FORASTERAS
Authors: Neubauer Adrián , Francia Guadalupe
Published: February 2025

Este artículo de investigación tiene dos objetivos: reconocer cómo ha evolucionado la representación social de los NNAJ inmigrados en periodos históricos seleccionados y valorar el posible impacto de dichas representaciones sociales en la implementación de la “Convención de los Derechos del Niño” y la “Agenda 2030” en España y Suecia. Para ello, se ha realizado un Análisis Documental de noticias de prensa publicadas en tres periodos: precovid, postcovid y tras la invasión de Ucrania. En total se analizaron, mediante el software MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2022, 295 noticias y cómo estas representaban socialmente a las infancias inmigradas, si como forasteras, víctimas o prójimas. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto cómo la categoría más recurrente es la de víctima, seguida por la de prójimo, que ha aumentado notablemente tras la invasión de Ucrania. Además, la imagen proyectada por los medios de las infancias inmigradas como forasteras presenta a este colectivo como una amenaza para la seguridad nacional de los países de acogida. Como conclusión, se observa un tratamiento diferente de las infancias inmigradas, proyectando una imagen de mayor vulnerabilidad de la ucraniana, asociada al concepto de “whiteness”. Además, la polarización del discurso supone una amenaza para los derechos de este colectivo.
La historia de las relaciones internacionales en el Paraguay: notas para un balance historiográfico
Authors: Brezzo Liliana M. , Scavone Yegros Ricardo
Published: February 2025

La historia de las relaciones internacionales en el Paraguay como disciplina académica está determinada por factores como las guerras contra la Triple Alianza (1864-1870) y la del Chaco (1932-1935), el régimen político de Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989), el proceso de integración regional Mercosur y la propia evolución de la ciencia histórica en el Paraguay. Desde los primeros compases del siglo XXI se está en presencia de un cambio de sensibilidad experimentado en el seno de la comunidad académica en el Paraguay respecto a la historia de las relaciones internacionales, que permite vislumbrar mayores delimitaciones conceptuales y metodológicas, así como nuevas esferas de interés. A través de un extenso estudio bibliográfico y atendiendo los sucesivos contextos históricos e historiográficos, el presente trabajo pretende dar cuenta de algunos avances recientes y contribuir al acercamiento de esta disciplina a otras historiografías latinoamericanas y europeas con más tradición y especialistas en la materia.
El Paraguay colonial, ¿una isla rodeada de tierra? Movimientos transcontinentales y transoceánicos en la ciudad de Asunción (siglos XVI-XVII)
Authors: Candela Guillaume
Published: February 2025

Este artículo cuestiona la noción predominante entre los historiadores de que el Paraguay colonial temprano era una "isla rodeada de tierra" desconectada del resto del imperio español y del mundo. A través de un examen de documentos de archivo de los siglos XVI y XVII, el trabajo desvela la sorprendente diversidad étnica, cultural y lingüística de la región. Se presentan estudios de casos de africanos, afrodescendientes, indígenas de toda América, así como europeos de diversos orígenes (ingleses, italianos, griegos, franceses, alemanes) que encontraron su camino hacia Asuncion y este supuesto remanso fronterizo. Su movilidad, desplazamientos y conexiones a través del Imperio español se rastrean a través de registros legales, cartas, testamentos y casos judiciales. Las experiencias de individuos como el líder cimarrón Diego Bretón, el carpintero griego Estamate Cámara, el fabricante de pólvora francés Julián o el soldado alemán Ulrich Schmidl desmienten cualquier noción de un Paraguay insular y monocultural en esta época. Lejos de la mítica sociedad hispano-guaraní, este trabajo dibuja una sociedad colonial pluralista inmersa en movimientos transatlánticos y transcontinentales de pueblos y flujos de información. Repensar el pasado del Paraguay a partir de fuentes primarias largamente olvidadas promete echar por tierra persistentes prejuicios historiográficos que lo retratan como un aislado histórico estancado a la deriva de las corrientes más amplias del mundo moderno temprano.
La configuración territorial del Paraguay independiente. Disputas jurisdiccionales con la provincia de Corrientes (1810-1850)
Authors: Ramírez Braschi Dardo Rodolfo
Published: February 2025

La fragmentación del territorio sudamericano, después del proceso independentista, forjó disputas jurisdiccionales entre los países nacientes. Este nuevo escenario hizo que los Gobiernos emergentes marcasen soberanías, generándose disputas fronterizas. En este artículo se estudiarán las fronteras australes del Paraguay, lindantes con la provincia de Corrientes, región que fue escenario de cuestiones litigiosas que derivarán en conflictos armados, como los casos por la posesión de la isla Apipé, el dominio de la zona denominada tranquera de Loreto, o el poblamiento del territorio misionero, problemas todos ellos que derivarán en disputas diplomáticas y militares. Estas cuestiones ponen al descubierto el proceso de formación territorial del Estado paraguayo, que tuvo en cuenta al espacio jurisdiccional como elemento estadual, complemento indispensable para la conformación institucional. Los fondos documentales del Archivo Nacional de Asunción (Paraguay) y los del Archivo General de la Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina) muestran las vicisitudes de una cuestión predominante en la consolidación de la jurisdicción territorial paraguaya en la primera parte del siglo XIX.