bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Ocean-Based Climate Action in Nationally Determined Contributions
Authors: Khan Micheline , Northrop Eliza
Published: November 2022

Ocean-based climate action can play an important role in achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. Nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are one of the main vehicles under the Paris Agreement for countries to communicate their national climate strategies. The purpose of this technical note is to lay out the methodology for assessing the extent to which ocean-based measures for climate action are represented in new and updated NDCs from island and coastal countries.
Analysis Of Productive Zakat Utilization To Increase Mustahik’s Revenue In The City Of Serang In The Micro Finance Group Program (Case Study Of Laz Harfa Banten)
Authors: Rusmini Rusmini , Setiawan Donny , Triyanto Abdi
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out how productive zakat in LAZ Harfa has been utilized and to see if there is an increase in revenue after receiving productive zakat assistance. This study is a field research with a descriptive qualitative approach to analyze the utilization of productive zakat in LAZ Harfa Banten. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and also documentation. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the mustahik's business revenue has increased despite the little amount, but the mustahik who get the many benefits are so grateful and they can learn a lot, because in addition to obtaining business capital, mustahik are also given guidance on business and religious motivational speech, so that it is not only from an economic perspective that increased but also spirituality and worship.
Fiqh muamalah overview of electronic money products at linkAJA shariah
Authors: Cahairul Alif Farhan , Hidayat Roni , Muhammad Iqbal Fadli
Published: November 2022

This research reveals a fiqh muamalah review of electronic money on LinkAja Syariah and analyzes journals, classic books, DSN-MUI fatwas as well as related regulations. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with secondary data sources obtained from previous research by linking it with the MUI DSN Fatwa, AAOIFI Standards, and classical books. This research is literature research (library research). The data collection technique used was literature study and documentation. The results of this study are that the practice of electronic money in LinkAja Syariah has met the principles of sharia in implementing the electronic money scheme on products that have been analyzed by researchers and from the point of view of maqashid sharia, electronic money schemes give birth to many maslahat
OS BENEFÍCIOS DA DIETA VEGETARIANA NAS DISLIPIDEMIAS
Authors: Gomes da Silva Fernanda , Maria de Araújo Laélia , Pereira Barbosa Jéssica , Morais Carla Cristina de
Published: November 2022

O padrão alimentar vegetariano, por possuir um maior aporte de constituintes cardioprotetores, tais como fibras alimentares; ácidos graxos insaturados, como os monoinsaturados das castanhas e nozes e do azeite de oliva, têm sido associado a menores prevalências de dislipidemias. Com o objetivo de investigar se a dieta vegetariana contribui para a melhora do perfil lipídico, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) e portal SciELO (The Scientific Electronic Library Online), utilizando publicações mais recentes, nos idiomas inglês e português. Os estudos analisados observaram uma diminuição do peso corporal, associada à diminuição das taxas de LDL, CT e TG e uma maior redução do índice de massa corporal (IMC) em vegetarianos quando comparados à indivíduos em dieta onívora. Sendo a obesidade um dos fatores de risco significativos para doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), o IMC médio substancialmente mais baixo, observado em vegetarianos, pode ser um importante fator de proteção para diminuir a concentração de lipídios no sangue e reduzir o risco DCV. A partir da análise dos estudos disponíveis na literatura, observou-se uma influência positiva da dieta vegetariana sobre a melhora do perfil lipídico da população analisada. Além disso, a dieta vegetariana parece estar associada a uma menor taxa de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas e quando acompanhada por profissionais nutricionistas, apresenta melhor aderência e adequação.
When to Collect Data? Choosing an Appropriate Time Frame for Data Collection During Ph.D. Program in India?
Authors: Ganesha H. R. , Aithal P. S.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explain various research data collection time frames, their merits, and demerits, and most importantly the suitability of each data collection time frame concerning the stage/phase of research to enable Ph.D. scholars in India to understand the key difference between research methodology/design and research data collection time frames, in turn, guiding them to choose an appropriate data collection time frame. Design/Methodology/Approach: Postmodernism philosophical paradigm; Inductive research approach; Observation data collection method; Longitudinal data collection time frame; Qualitative data analysis. Findings/Result: As long as the Ph.D. scholars can understand all the available research data collection time frames and make mindful choices of data collection frames at various stages/phases of their research journey to answer their research question they will be able to determine (on their own) all the other choices in succeeding steps of doctoral-level research such as i) sample size; ii) sampling technique; iii) data collection instrument; iv) data analysis techniques. In addition, scholars will also be able to differentiate between research methodology/design and research data collection frames. Originality/Value: There are a vast literature about each one of the research data collection time frames viz., Cross-Sectional, and Longitudinal (Panel; Cohort; Retrospective) time frames. However, only a few have explained them together comprehensively. In this article, we have attempted to capture most of the research data collection time frames briefly that would enable Ph.D. scholars in India to glance through and make scholarly data collection time frame choices. Paper Type: Conceptual.
Deriving Right Sample Size and Choosing an Appropriate Sampling Technique to Select Samples from the Research Population During Ph.D. Program in India
Authors: Ganesha H. R. , Aithal P. S.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explain standard formulas available for deriving sample size, the essence of every component of formulas, and available techniques for selecting samples from the research population in turn, guiding the Ph.D. scholars to finalize appropriate sample size and sampling technique.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Postmodernism philosophical paradigm; Inductive research approach; Observation data collection method; Longitudinal data collection time frame; Qualitative data analysis.
Findings/Result: As long as the Ph.D. scholars can understand an appropriate sample size and available sampling techniques and make mindful choices of sample size and sampling technique across various stages/phases of the research to answer their research questions they will be able to determine (on their own) all the other choices in succeeding steps of doctoral-level research such as i) data collection instrument and iii) data analysis techniques.
Originality/Value: There is a vast literature about how to derive the sample size and how to select samples from the research population. However, only a few have explained them together comprehensively which is conceivable to Ph.D. scholars. In this article, we have attempted to explain every component of sample size formulas and capture most of the sampling techniques briefly that would enable Ph.D. scholars in India to glance through and make a scholarly choice of appropriate sample size and sample selection techniques.
Paper Type: Conceptual.
MEDYADA YER ALAN KADINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDET ve KADIN CİNAYETİ HABERLERİNE TOPLUMUN TEPKİSİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Cıngı Yasemin , Cıngı Mustafa
Published: November 2022

Kadına yönelik şiddet ve kadın cinayetleri haberleri günlük yaşantımızda sıkça karşılaşılan haberler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu tarz haberlerin ayrıntılarıyla birlikte sürekli verilmesi olayı normalleştirerek bazı vakaları magazinleştirmekte ve olaya duyulan ciddiyeti zedelemektedir. Son yıllarda kadına yönelik şiddet araştırmaları sayıca artsa da çözüm noktasında kesin bir sonuca ulaşılamamıştır. Bu araştırmanın temel çıkış noktası haberlerin içerik olarak incelenmesi yerine haberi izleyen kitlenin tepkisini anlamaktır. Çalışma, medyada ve haber bültenlerinde yer alan kadına yönelik şiddet ve kadın cinayeti haberlerine toplumun bakış açısını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada kadına yönelik şiddet ve kadın cinayeti haberlerine toplumun tepkisi araştırılmış, farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve medeni duruma sahip 20 katılımcı ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bu görüşmelerde, şiddetin en küçük yaşlarda aile içinde verilecek eğitimlerle engellenebileceği, haberlerde yer alan detayların insanların şiddet dürtülerini uyandırarak olumsuz davranışlara potansiyel oluşturduğu, yaptırımların yetersizliği ve haberlerin gerek sosyal medyada gerekse ana haber bültenlerinde sıkça yer almasının konuyu sıradanlaştırdığı ve kadınlara yönelik uygulanan pozitif ayrımcılığın bazı durumlarda suistimal edilerek kadınlara daha fazla zarar verdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
METAVERSE TOPLUMU: KİMLİK, MEKÂN VE YENİ TOPLULUK BİLİNCİ
Authors: Güven Filiz , Güven İlkim
Published: November 2022

İlk olarak 1992 yılında kurgusal bir biçimde tanımlanmış olan “Metaverse”, günümüz teknolojisi ile bir arada düşünüldüğünde bireylerin kendilerini zihinsel olarak içinde hissettikleri yeni bir evren modelidir. İlk örnekleri dijital oyun teknolojisi üzerine kurulu siber deneyimlerden başlayarak gündelik yaşama dâhil edilen bu evren, büyük teknoloji şirketlerinin ilgisinin bu alana kayması ile birçok uzman ve kurum tarafından “internetin geleceği” olarak kabul edilmiştir. Siber gerçeklik ile insanoğlunun yaşamına girmeye başlayan çevrimiçi yaşam, “Metaverse” ile bir boyut daha atlayarak gerçek dünya ile siber dünyanın kesiştiği ancak ikisinin de ötesinde bulunan bir noktaya yerleşmiş, fiziksel gerçekliği dahi ele geçirmiştir. Özellikle Yeni Koronavirüs Pandemisiyle birlikte yaşamın tüm alanlarına dâhil edilen çevrimiçi sürecin devamı olarak kabul edilen Metaverse; fiziksel bilgi, beceri ve tecrübelerin bilişsel bir aktarımıdır. Kullanıcılarına tıptan sanata birçok alanda işlevsel deneyim alanları açan Metaverse, merkeziyetsiz olması nedeniyle geleneksel toplum düzenine alternatif yeni bir toplum yaratabilir. Bu yönüyle kimlik, mekân gibi toplumsallığı belirleyen unsurları da merkeziyetsiz kılmaktadır. Belirtilenler ekseninde çalışma, Metaverse teknolojisini ve getirdiği yenilikleri, toplumsalı oluşturan öğeler çerçevesinde bireyden topluma; mekân, kimlik ve toplum eksenli bir çerçevede literatür taraması ile sorgulamıştır. Literatür taraması için kullanılan veri tabanları Ebscohost, Scopus, Web of Science ve ProQuest’tir. Bu veri tabanlarında yer alan 82 adet yayın ele alınmış ve Metaverse’te kimlik ve mekân çalışmaları ile ilgili olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmalardan hareketle Metaverse’ün kültürlerarası etkileşimi artırma potansiyeli dikkate sunularak yeni topluluk bilincinin eskisinden çok daha farklı bir alanda ve tamamıyla farklı değerler etrafında oluşacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Quantitative Evaluation of the Ability of Accelerated Tests to Simulate On-Road Corrosion Morphology of Automotive Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Zhang D. , Srinivasan J. , Locke J.S.
Published: November 2022

Three wrought automotive Al-Mg-Si alloys (6xxx-series) were exposed to an on-road service environment and in six standard laboratory-accelerated exposure tests. Optical micrographs of all these exposures were obtained and the resulting corrosion morphology was quantified using fractal dimension analysis and corrosion boundary length-to-area ratios. Additionally, the images were also used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based pattern recognition algorithm, which was then used to quantitatively identify which accelerated test was the closest match to the field exposures. Overall, no single accelerated test could fully capture the on-road results or ubiquitously be the most appropriate test regardless of alloy and temper. However, results from fractal dimension and length-to-area ratio analyses identified that among the tests studied, those with acidified electrolytes are more appropriate for matching on-road corrosion morphology. The CNN algorithm output also agreed with this finding, indicating that the results from tests with acidified electrolytes correlated to field morphology with a confidence >70% for most of the images tested, thus showing the utility of these methods in providing quantitative bases for morphology comparison. Assessed in the context of literature evidence for localized corrosion mechanisms in 6xxx-series alloys, these results also indicated that pH may play an influential role in how corrosion morphology develops in these alloys upon exposure to a complex on-road environment.
Effect of Small Amounts of Cr and Mo on Aqueous CO2 and H2S Corrosion of Low-Alloyed Steel
Authors: Kondo Keiichi , Tada Eiji , Ooi Azusa
Published: November 2022

One of the important industrial issues is the corrosion of carbon and low-alloy steels exposed to a wet environment where CO2 and/or H2S are dissolved. In the case of carbon and low-alloy steels, mainly iron-based corrosion products such as iron carbonate and iron sulfides can form depending on the condition. Microalloys added in small amounts to carbon steel can change the water chemistry near the steel surface due to the dissolution of the microalloys, which may also alter the corrosion resistance of the steel and corrosion morphology. In this study, the individual microalloying effects of a small amount (1 mass%) of Cr and Mo added in carbon steel were investigated in a wet CO2 and H2S environment, where the formation of mackinawite (FeS) is considered to be the dominant iron-based corrosion product. The variation of corrosion rate and corrosion potential of the microalloyed steels was monitored in the NaCl solution aerated with CO2—10% H2S gas by linear polarization resistance measurements. The corrosion product formed on the steel surface was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the addition of a small amount of Cr improves corrosion resistance by forming a dense film of FeS on the surface, while the addition of a small amount of Mo delays the formation of FeS on the surface and the corrosion resistance behavior is similar to that of steel with no additions.
Os itinerários da politização do Supremo Tribunal Federal: do ativismo ao populismo judicial
Authors: Silva Diogo Bacha e , Vieira José Ribas
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho busca refletir acerca do complexo fenômeno da politização do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Nos caminhos que vão do ativismo judicial ao populismo judicial, busca-se trabalhar cada uma das concepções sob as luzes da teoria da reputação judicial. No começo do século XXI, o Supremo Tribunal Federal demonstrava um alinhamento com a audiência acadêmica. Nesta segunda década do mesmo século, a partir das manifestações de junho de 2013, o Supremo Tribunal Federal começa a praticar um populismo judicial. Assim, mudam-se os parâmetros comportamentais impactando diretamente no conteúdo decisório.
Factors related to sugar consumption by young people in Portugal: public policies and nutritional literacy
Authors: Martinho Inês , Bárrios Maria João , Catarino João Ricardo
Published: November 2022

To reduce the burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases, promoting healthy eating habits has become a concern of modern societies. In this vein, in addition to trying to improve the health literacy of its population, the Portuguese authorities have recently levied taxes on food products that are deleterious to health. Despite the young exhibiting better health literacy, they also tend to overconsume these products. This research analyses the influence of public policies on healthy eating and of health literacy on the health management of young adults.  We applied an online survey to young adults who were attending a university degree at Universidade de Lisboa. The collected data were processed by statistical analysis, using SPSS software. Although most of the young respondents recognize their importance in managing their individual health, a large majority are unaware of the public policies in place and frequently over consume sugar. Public policies on healthy eating thus need to reconsider the role of young people as agents of participation, promoting knowledge about the measures and providing them with tools to manage their own health.
Achieving Inclusive Microfinance: Recommendations from Catholic Social Teaching and Economic Development Literature
Authors: Gallenstein Richard A. , Dougherty John P. , Jent Julie
Published: November 2022

Microfinance programs are promoted as powerful tools for increasing financial inclusion and reducing poverty in the developing world. While these programs have shown promise, they often fail to reach the most marginalized potential clients and can actually increase exclusion through
mechanisms such as social sanctions. In this paper, we review recent microfinance literature highlighting the benefits, drawbacks, and potential mechanisms of exclusion inherent in current microfinance models. We then outline principles, rooted in Catholic Social Teaching, that provide a fuller
understanding of the human person and can help inform a more inclusive version of microfinance. Finally, we apply these principles and recent innovations in the economics literature to propose a list of practical recommendations for inclusive microfinance to achieve integral development.
The relationship of serum and follicular fluid pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A) levels with endometrial thickness in PCOS and non-PCOS women undergoing ICSI-cycles
Authors: Zamel Zeena Salim , Mohammed Amal Abdulwahid , Jwad Mufeda Ali
Published: November 2022

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A) is a metalloproteinase that binds and cleaves insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IGFBP4), then releases IGF-1 from the IGFBP4/IGF-1 complex, activating the IGF pathway. As a result, in the IGF system, PAPP-A is regarded as a bioactive IGF-1 enhancing enzyme. IGFs and IGF receptors are thought to play a role in endometrium receptivity. A critical endometrium receptivity biomarker was up-regulated by PAPP-A. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of PAPP-A levels in serum and follicular fluid with endometrial thickness in PCOS and non PCOS women enrolled in the ICSI cycle. Forty-five infertile Iraqi women with PCOS and non-PCOS criteria were nominated from those who were attending the Higher Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies clinic. The age of the included women ranged between 20-45 years. PAPP-A level measures in serum (at pick-up day and embryo transfer day) and follicular fluid. In non-PCOS patients, PAPP-A has higher level in serum and follicular fluid but without statistically significant difference comparing with PCOS patients. Level of PAPP-A and endometrial thickness increased significantly at the day of embryo transfer in contract with pick up day. The result did not show any correlation between PAPPA levels and endometrial thickness in both days. While, there was insignificant increase in endometrial thickness at both pick up and transfer days between pregnant and non-pregnant women. In conclusion, level of PAPP-A (in serum and follicular fluid) and endometrial thickness at the time of embryo transfer were significantly higher than pick-up day, this study did not establish a statistical significant relationship between serum and follicular fluid in PAPP-A levels and endometrial thickness.
Evaluation of blood urea, serum creatinine and complete blood count for some Iraqi children with amoebiasis infection
Authors: Mohammed Saad Abdul Kareem , Hasan Suad Azeez , Al-Momen Hayder , Taher Eman Wasfi
Published: November 2022

Observation of urea, creatinine levels and complete blood count (CBC) with Iraqi children amoebiasis. This a cross-sectional prospective study was conducted among children with intestinal amoebiasis infection coming to the outpatient clinic at Al-Elwiya Paediatrics Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from the 1st of June 2018 until the end of November 2018. The study included 245 samples of children between the ages of 13 and 1 years, 83 Amoebian Enteritis children and 162 diarrhoeal children as a control group (diarrhoea and gastrointestinal disorders due to viral, bacterial, parasitic infections and any causative effects of diarrhoea or intestinal infections). The statistical analysis was carried out using the statistical package SPSS 23, to compare categorical and continuous data using the number, percentage, minimum, maximum, mean values with standard deviation, the Chi-square test and the T-test. Statistical significance has been achieved at P-value < 0.05. Patients with intestinal amoebiasis infected with diarrhoea and GIT disorder compared to control groups. Blood Urea, Serum creatinine and CBC showed a mean ± standard deviation, statistically significant differences at p-value < 0.05. In conclusion, Uraemia, high white blood cell count and a significant reduction in the haematocrit percentage due to the prolonged interval of disease infection with severe dehydration and used improper drugs.
Study of the effect of black seed extract on some physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of the manufactured yogurt
Authors: Al-Shaikh Sharaf Ali Hadi , Alhamid Mohanad Abbood , Al-Obaidi Laith Fareed Hasan
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to fortify milk prepared for the manufacture of yogurt with different concentrations of aqueous extract of black seed to develop non-traditional therapeutic dairy products with health benefits.Yogurt was produced from whole milk fortified with 0%, 1% and 2% of aqueous extract of black seed, which represent as C, T1 and T2 , treatments respectively. The results indicated that the fortified yogurt treatments maintained a moisture content close to that of the control treatment (C), while after 21 days of storage at a temperature of (5±1) 0 C, a slight decrease in the moisture content was observed for all treatments.No significant differences were observed in the pH value and the total acidity of all the studied treatments immediately after manufacturing.An improvement was observed in the values of the rheological tests that included testing the viscosity and water retention capacity of T1 treatment compared to the control treatment (C).The process of fortification with the aqueous extract also led to a variation in the total numbers of the starter bacteria, as the treatments T1 and T2 excelled in the growth and activity of lactic acid bacteria compared with the control treatment (C), while the results showed that the yogurt treatments fortified by the aqueous extract were free of coliform bacteria, Psychrophiles bacteria, yeasts and molds, starting from one day after manufacture until the expiry of the 21-day storage period.The results of sensory evaluation also indicated the superiority of the yogurt treatments fortified with aqueous extract, especially the T1 treatment with a concentration of 1%, as it obtained the highest scores and excelled in all sensory attributes compared with the control treatment (C).
ENGAJAMENTO DA FAMÍLIA COM A ESCOLA: AÇÃO QUE PROMOVE O SUCESSO DO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR EM UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL
Authors: Mendonça Russo Maria Gildene
Published: November 2022

A educação da criança, sua formação intelectual, moral e psíquica, necessitam da família significando a importância da escola para seus filhos. A escola e a família são as instituições que preparam, numa ação conjunta, a inserção da criança na sociedade e os pais devem co-assumir junto a escola, responsabilidades. O objetivo geral deste artigo científico é fazer uma avaliação específica para saber como está sendo o engajamento da família com uma escola pública da rede de ensino do município de Fortaleza – Ce. A pesquisa justifica-se pelo fato que resultados comentados de análises específicas podem contribuir, sobremaneira, para os agentes educacionais e para as políticas educacionais no sentido de fornecer informações que possam fundamentar correções e melhorias no planejamento da política educacional de uma escola, podendo, inclusive, se constituir em um exemplo para outras escolas do mesmo nível educacional. Com relação à metodologia adotada esta seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa associada a uma abordagem quantitativa e ambas foram fundamentadas por uma discussão teórica e por uma análise descritiva dos dados coletados. Por fim, os resultados desta pesquisa ressaltam que é de suma importância que a família seja aliada à escola na construção da educação dos seus filhos, no processo do desenvolvimento do conhecimento, na criação de soluções dos problemas sociais, ambientais e psíquicos das crianças, objetivando formar cidadãos com valores, capazes de auxiliar a sociedade, de forma construtiva, ciente de seus deveres e de seus direitos.
A Bayesian approach to historical climatology for the Burgundian Low Countries in the 15th century
Authors: Camenisch Chantal , Jaume-Santero Fernando , White Sam , Pei Qing , Hand Ralf , Rohr Christian , Brönnimann Stefan
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Although collaborative efforts have been made to retrieve climate data from instrumental observations and paleoclimate records, there is still a large amount of valuable information in historical archives that has not been utilized for climate reconstruction. Due to the qualitative nature of these datasets, historical texts have been compiled and studied by historians aiming to describe the climate impact in socioeconomic aspects of human societies, but the inclusion of this information in past climate reconstructions remains fairly unexplored. Within this context, we present a novel approach to assimilate climate information contained in chronicles and annals from the 15th century to generate robust temperature and precipitation reconstructions of the Burgundian Low Countries, taking into account uncertainties associated with the descriptions of narrative sources. After data assimilation, our reconstructions present a high seasonal temperature correlation of ∼0.8 independently of the climate model employed to estimate the background state of the atmosphere. Our study aims to be a first step towards a more quantitative use of available information contained in historical texts, showing how Bayesian inference can help the climate community with this endeavor.
Wet season rainfall characteristics and temporal changes for Cape Town, South Africa, 1841–2018
Authors: Ndebele Nothabo Elizabeth , Grab Stefan , Hove Herbert
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Wet seasons may be characterized by the frequency of wet–dry days, duration of wet–dry spells and season length. These properties are investigated for Cape Town using rainfall data from four weather stations in the Cape Town metropolitan area located at the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO), Maitland, Kirstenbosch and Cape Town International airport. The primary focus is on the long SAAO daily rainfall record dating back to 1841, with the specific aim to statistically assess attributes of
the wet season (April to October) and its temporal variability over the
period 1841–2018. The decade 1950–1959 had significantly high frequencies of wet days, but there was a subsequent significant decline in wet days at the SAAO (−1 d per decade) and Maitland (−1.1 d per decade) during the period 1950–2018. A significant decline in wet days also occurred at the SAAO between 1880 and 1940 (−3.3 d per decade, p=0.005). Dry spells longer than 5 d have become more prevalent since the beginning of the 20th century. A rain-based definition for the onset and termination of the wet season is presented using 5 d running sums and pentad means; these were applied to each year containing adequate daily data, so as to track changes
during the wet season. We identify a recent decadal decline in mean wet
season length (−1.4 d per decade) since ca. 1940, particularly between
1941–1994 (−4.2 d per decade), such that wet seasons since 2000 have only averaged 182 d in length while the long-term (1841–2018) average is 188 d. This decline is attributed to an increased incidence of late onsets
(after 15 April) and early terminations (earlier than 18 October) of the wet season, or a combination of both, particularly since the year 2000.
Interannual variability in wet season characteristics is associated with
solar (sunspot) cycles and fluctuations in the Southern Oscillation Index
and Southern Annular Mode.
Geoscientist’s views about science communication: predicting willingness to communicate geoscience
Authors: Rodrigues Joana , Castro Cecília , Costa e Silva Elsa , Pereira Diamantino Insua
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The main barriers to science communication are common in different fields and they are widely identified in the literature. Studies focused on specific scientific communities framed science communication as an activity with the specificities of each context and field. In this study, we analysed geoscientists' representations and attitudes about communication to understand which factors can have significant impact on prediction of public engagement and that can explain the frequency/intensity of communication. The results pointed that factors such as professional experience, recognition by the institution, lack of financial support, personal satisfaction and geoscientific as an area of expertise, have a significant effect on their public engagement.
Vertical extrapolation of ASCAT ocean surface winds using machine learning techniques
Authors: Hatfield Daniel , Hasager Charlotte Bay , Karagali Ioanna
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The increasing demand for wind energy offshore requires more hub-height relevant wind information while larger wind turbine sizes require measurements at greater heights. In situ measurements are harder to acquire at higher atmospheric levels; meanwhile the emergence of machine-learning applications has led to several studies demonstrating the improvement in accuracy for vertical wind extrapolation over conventional power-law and logarithmic profile methods. Satellite wind retrievals supply multiple daily wind observations offshore, however only at 10 m height. The goal of this study is to develop and validate novel machine-learning methods using satellite wind observations and near-surface atmospheric measurements to extrapolate wind speeds to higher heights. A machine-learning model is trained on 12 years of collocated offshore wind measurements from a meteorological mast (FINO3) and space-bourne wind observations from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT). The model is extended vertically to predict the FINO3 vertical wind profile. Horizontally, it is validated against the NORA3 meso-scale model reanalysis data. In both cases the model slightly over-predicts the wind speed with differences of 0.25 and 0.40 m s-1 respectively. An important feature in the model training process is the air-sea temperature difference, thus satellite sea surface temperature observations were included in the horizontal extension of the model, resulting in 0.20 m s-1 differences with NORA3. A limiting factor when training machine-learning models with satellite observations is the small finite number of daily samples at discrete times; this can skew the training process to higher/lower wind speed predictions depending on the average wind speed at the satellite observational times. Nonetheless, results shown in this study demonstrate the applicability of using machine learning techniques to extrapolate long-term satellite wind observations when enough samples are available.
Detection of p53 codon 72 polymorphisms among Sudanese women with recurrent spontaneous abortion
Authors: Babiker Nihad Elsadig
Published: November 2022

Recurrent Spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as consecutive pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation. This study aimed to detect p53 codon 72 polymorphisms among Sudanese women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. A case-control study was conducted at the national centre of neurological sciences, Khartoum, Sudan. All patients attending the obese and gaina unit at Ibraheim Malike teaching hospital and diagnosed with recurrent spontaneous were included. In addition, healthy women with no history of abortion were selected as a control group. 5 ml of blood for each participant was collected in EDTA containers. DNA was isolated by the standard phenol-chloroform extraction method. The p53gene was amplified using conventional PCR, the PCR products were sent for sequencing to Macrogen Europe Laboratory. The most affected age group was 34 - 40 years 25 (58.1%), and most of the cases had abortions three times with a frequency of 77.3 %. For The PCR 39 (90%) of cases were positive for the p53 allele, while11 (22%) of the controls were positive for the p53 allele. According to this research, the P53 codon72 polymorphism might become one of the main causes of unexplained diagnosis in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HOẠT ĐỘ ENZYME G6PD TẠI CHỖ BẰNG BỘ CẢM BIẾN ĐỊNH LƯỢNG CARESTARTTM TẠI VÙNG LƯU HÀNH SỐT RÉT HUYỆN TUY ĐỨC, TỈNH ĐĂK NÔNG
Authors: Giang Nguyễn Đức , Nam Vũ Sinh , Quang Huỳnh Hồng , Khánh Châu Văn , Hoàng Hồ Văn
Published: November 2022

Thiếu hoạt độ enzyme Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) là một bệnh lý enzyme hay gặpnhất trên quần thể người, đặc biệt tại các vùng sốt rét lưu hành. Hoạt độ enzyme G6PD giảm liênquan đến tán huyết do thuốc thuộc nhóm 8-aminoquinolines dẫn đến biến chứng nghiêm trọng vàthách thức cho loại trừ sốt rét (LTSR), nhất là sốt rét do Plasmodium vivax. Nghiên cứu này thực hiệnnhằm mục tiêu xác định tình trạng thiếu hoạt độ G6PD trên quần thể dân đang sống tại vùng SRLHhuyện Tuy Đức, tỉnh Đắk Nông. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 2.809 ngườiđể định lượng hoạt độ enzyme G6PD bằng bộ cảm biến sinh học CareStart™ G6PD (AccessBio,Mỹ). Kết quả: Giá trị bình thường của hoạt độ G6PD trên quần thể chung là 9,03 IU/g Hb, giá trịtrung vị hoạt độ G6PD trên nhóm nam có hiệu chỉnh là 8,78 IU/g Hb, các giá trị G6PD ở ngưỡngphân loại 30% và 80% lần lượt là 2,63 IU/g Hb và 7,02 IU/g Hb. Tỷ lệ thiếu hoạt độ enzyme G6PDchung ở quần thể nghiên cứu là 2,31% (65/2809), trong đó tỷ lệ này ở nam là 3,65% và ở nữ là 1,49%.Có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ thiếu hoạt độ enzyme G6PD giữa các nhóm dân tộc (p < 0,005). Kết luận:Xét nghiệm định lượng hoạt độ G6PD nên được áp dụng trong thực hành điều trị sốt rét P. vivax,giúp sử dụng nhóm thuốc 8-aminoquinoline an toàn trong điều trị tiệt căn thể ngủ P. vivax trong gan.
Comparison of Joint Position Sense in Competitive Recurve Archers and Non-Archers in the Age Group of 15-19 Years Old: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Athavale Dr. Shreeya , Sidhaye-Bhadbhade Dr. Namrata
Published: November 2022

Background: Archery is a sport requiring shoulder proprioception.
Objectives: This study aims to compare active joint position sense at shoulder joint of archers and non-archers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, competitive recurve archers and non-archers playing recreational sports were administered an active shoulder joint repositioning test with eyes closed. Three tries were given to accurately replicate administered joint position.
Results: Archers showed more accuracy in active joint repositioning than non-archers.
Conclusion: Archers have better shoulder joint position sense than non-archers.

Key words: [archery, shoulder, proprioception]
Correlation between Human Development Indices and Epidemiological Transition Ratio among Indian States
Authors: Chandra Subhash , Kumar Dr. Rajesh , Gautam Dr. Sarita
Published: November 2022

Context: With almost one-fifth of the world’s population living in India, the health status and the drivers of health loss are expected to vary between different parts of the country and between the states. In 2016, 55% of the total disease burden in India was caused by NCDs, 33% by CMNNDs, and 12% by injuries. There are recognizable interconnections between health, particularly NCDs, and sustainable development. Addressing them requires careful attention to underlying social, cultural, economic, political, and environmental determinants that operate at societal level and in turn influence the behavioural risk factors.
Objective: To analyze the correlation between Human development Indices and Epidemiological transition Ratio among Indian states.
Design and Methods: Correlation non-experimental study based on, human development index data (UNDP) HDI -India 2019 and epidemiological transition ratio (ETR) of India states and Delhi taken from – ICMR -India states disease burden 2017.
Statistical analysis used: Spearman Rank Order correlation coefficient
Results: The association between the human development indices and epidemiological transition ratio is statistically significant indicating a positive relationship between the HDI indices education, income and Health with non-communicable diseases and injury.
Conclusions: The combination of a double burden of disease with high morbidity rates presents challenges for improving the overall health status of the population and necessitates a comprehensive policy and action to prevent and control this burden.

Key words: BMI, DALYs, EAG, GDP, HDI
Impact of Interventional Education to Support Using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Among Adult Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic on Nursing Practice
Authors: Banafi Norah , Kaliyaperumal Raji , Hassan Duria
Published: November 2022

Pandemic situations may contribute to the psychological impact on the community. This study was designed to enlighten nursing students at the college level on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Students need to practice this therapy to overcome the anxiety, stress, and other psychological shock of the patient admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of COVID-19. A one-group pre-test and post-test design were selected.In this study 35 nursing students undergoing 4th year of baccalaureate nursing program during an internship period at the College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University (KKU), Saudi Arabia were chosen as convenience sampling. This study was carried out during the academic year 2020-2021. Pre-test data was assessed using 20 questions about knowledge, and 10 questions associated with an attitude of resolving CBT. Teaching the CBT was carried out after the pre-test, using same question post-test data was collected after a one-week period. The responses got were exposed to statistical analysis using SPSS. The results showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test use on knowledge and attitude, also significant differences were identified in the attitude that “more effective treatment for psychological problem patient”. Based on the study data, the results illustrated that nursing students require practice with CBT. If students have knowledge of this therapy and an attitude toward implementing this therapy, they will look at changes. If the patient is admitted to the hospital, healthcare professionals give more importance to physical health, and psychological well-being, these kinds of therapy help the patient overcome the anxiety and stress during hospitalization

Key words: Interventional education, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Nursing practice
Keep the physics in the model if you can: Data assimilation in Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Juniper Matthew
Published: November 2022

This talk will show how to assimilate data rigorously into physics-based models using Bayesian inference accelerated with adjoint methods. Adjoint methods are crucial because they provide the derivatives of the model's predictions with respect to the model's parameters. This (i) accelerates data assimilation and (ii) allows uncertainties to be propagated through the model such that posterior uncertainties in parameters are calculated by combining prior uncertainties with measurement uncertainties. Quantification of the uncertainties allows candidate physics-based models to be compared rigorously against each other, allowing the best model to be selected. If the physics of the problem is known, this method is almost certainly better than assimilating data into a Neural Network because physics-based models require less training data, are interpretable, and can extrapolate to situations that share the same physics.

This work is inspired by [David MacKay's book](https://www.inference.org.uk/itprnn/book.pdf) on information theory, inference, and learning algorithms. I will present applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of flows (flow-MRI) and thermoacoustic oscillations in rockets and aicraft engines. An overview of the talk can be found on my [website](https://mpj1001.user.srcf.net/MJ_inference.html).
Silver nanoparticle aggregates: Wavelength dependence of their SERS properties in the first transparency window of biological tissues
Authors: Pilot Roberto
Published: November 2022

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a very powerful tool for the identification of chemical and biological species, owing to its recognition capabilities, typical of Raman spectroscopy, and to its high sensitivity arising from the field amplification that occurs at the surface of suitable plasmonic substrates upon excitation.[1,2]

In this seminar, we shall provide an overview of the main characteristics and applications of SERS spectroscopy; then, we shall delve into a more specific topic, which is how the SERS enhancement of silver nanoparticle aggregates varies as a function of the excitation wavelength, in particular in the first transparency window of biological tissues.

Our experiments show that the SERS enhancement of silver nanoparticle aggregates extends from 680 to 920 nm, without a significant wavelength dependence: the observed very broad optical response has been interpreted with the formation of large sized aggregates, possibly possessing a partial fractal character. On the other hand, the SERS signal, normalized by the laser power and by the integration time, quickly diminishes from 680 to 920 nm. This happens because the SERS signal depends on the enhancement but also on the instrument sensitivity and on the molecular cross section: for dispersive Raman instruments equipped with silicon CCD detectors and for non resonant molecules, these two parameters tend to diminish towards longer excitation wavelengths.[3]

The relevance of these results is twofold. a) Simple silver nanoparticle aggregates are good plasmonic substrates in most of the spectral region in which biological tissues present low absorption. b) The enhancement of the substrate and the normalized SERS signal (that is related to the limit of detection) are not necessarily correlated: they carry complementary pieces of information, both needed for properly designing a SERS detection experiment.
Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Kelas IV SDN Kuluk Leleng Kecamatan Marikit Kabupaten Katingan Dalam Pelajaran Benda Terapung, Melayang dan Tenggelam Melalui Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Dedeng Dedeng
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan metode eksperimen terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam pelajaran benda terapung, melayang dan tenggelam di kelas IV SDN Kuluk Leleng Kecamatan Marikit Kabupaten Katingan .Serta untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar siswa setelah digunakan metode ekprimen pada pelajaran benda terapung melayang dan tenggelam. Prosedur penelitian ini yaitu, perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan atau observasi, evaluasi dan refleksi. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan beberapa teknik, yaitu melalui test tertulis, observasi, dan menugunakan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan peneliti adalah menggunakan prosentase perbandingan hasil belajar siswa yang dilaksanakan sebelum dan sesudah tindakan.Dan mengunakan lembar pengamatan aktivitas siswa dan guru. setelah dilaksanakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen pada meteri tentang magnet ternyata dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang dari semula pada pre test hanya sebesar 50 %, dengan jumlah siswa yang tuntas hanya. 3 orang, persentase hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 71,67 % dengan jumlah siswa yang tuntas naik menjadi 6 orang atau 100 % . Dan pada siklus II hasil belajar siswa naik menjadi 100 %. Dengan kegiatan eksperimen aktivitas belajar siswaakan menjadi lebih hidup suasana belajar seperti suasana bermain,dapat meningkankan keaktifan dan kerja sama siswa.
Factors Influencing Academic Writing Behaviour Among Undergraduates
Authors: Mohamad Faizah , Anuar Nadia , Shidrah Mat Daud Nor
Published: November 2022

Writing is a crucial skill for university students to succeed in the current content-driven era. However, many students are reported to be intimidated by writing as they find the task daunting, thus affecting their participation in writing activities. Students also rarely show encouraging writing behaviour, which leads to unsatisfactory written work. This study aimed to examine factors that contribute to their writing behaviour. A quantitative research method by means of a survey design was employed for data collection. A 43-item questionnaire was distributed randomly using a Google Form link to 84 undergraduate students who were undertaking various fields of study at a public university. Section A of the questionnaire queries the students’ demographic profile, whereas Section B, C, and D seek responses on their psychological state, confidence, and attitudes, respectively. Section E queries their writing behaviour. Descriptive analysis was performed on each factor, and Pearson’s correlation was used to analyse the relationship between the factors and the students’ writing behaviour. Finally, a stepwise multiple regression was employed to discover the factor most contributing to the students’ writing behaviour. The findings indicate that confidence and attitude factors have a significant relationship with the students’ writing behaviour, but the relationship between psychological state factors and writing behaviour was not significant. This finding enhances the understanding of the essentiality of attitude in facilitating students’ writing mastery.
Industrial Waste Management: Economical Benefits of the Resource Utilization of Phosphogypsum
Authors: Avşar Cemre , Gezerman Ahmet Ozan
Published: November 2022

There are many publications in the literature on the reuse of waste gypsum in material production. In this study, in which the analysis of these existing publications is made through the determinations, the data examined are limited to the article and these are not included. However, to understand the general framework of the research in this field better, a few of these in the related literature are given below as examples. It is seen that industrial waste gypsum, which is a type of waste gypsum, has been examined more. Phosphogypsum, which is included in this waste group, reduces the water requirement for adjusting the cement consistency by adding phosphogypsum in cement production. As a result of the addition of phosphogypsum in wall element production, it was determined that the addition of phosphogypsum caused a decrease in mechanical strength, a decrease in unit weight and an increase in water requirement. It has been concluded that the addition of 15% phosphogypsum in soil stabilization of phosphogypsum, which is in the chemical waste class, causes an increase in water demand and pressure strength. In addition, 5.4% gypsum board waste with recycling potential is generated in the production of building elements made with waste gypsum boards formed at a construction site.