bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retinoic acid receptor alpha inhibits ferroptosis by promoting thioredoxin and protein phosphatase 1F in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bian Yunyi , Shan Guangyao , Liang Jiaqi , Hu Zhengyang , Sui Qihai , Shi Haochun , Wang Qun , Bi Guoshu , Zhan Cheng
Published: June 2024

Ferroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that plays an important role in tumor growth and holds promise as a target for antitumor therapy. However, evidence in the regulation of ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains elusive. Here, we show that retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) is upregulated with the treatment of ferroptosis inducers (FINs). Pharmacological activation of RARA increases the resistance of LUAD to ferroptosis according to cell viability and lipid peroxidation assays, while RARA inhibitor or knockdown (KD) does the opposite. Through transcriptome sequencing in RARA-KD cells and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP)-Seq data, we identify thioredoxin (TXN) and protein phosphatase 1 F (PPM1F) as downstream targets of RARA, both of which inhibit ferroptosis. We confirm that RARA binds to the promotor region of TXN and PPM1F and promotes their transcription by CHIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase assays. Overexpression of TXN and PPM1F reverses the effects of RARA knockdown on ferroptosis in vitro and vivo. Clinically, RARA knockdown or inhibitor increases cells’ sensitivity to pemetrexed and cisplatin (CDDP). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of LUAD from our cohort shows the same expression tendency of RARA and the downstream targets. Our study uncovers that RARA inhibits ferroptosis in LUAD by promoting TXN and PPM1F, and inhibiting RARA-TXN/PPM1F axis represents a promising strategy for improving the efficacy of FINs or chemotherapy in the treatment of LUAD patients.
Deep inflow transport and dispersion in the Gulf of St. Lawrence revealed by a tracer release experiment
Authors: Stevens Samuel W. , Pawlowicz Rich , Tanhua Toste , Gerke Lennart , Nesbitt William A. , Drozdowski Adam , Chassé Joël , Wallace Douglas W. R.
Published: June 2024

The Gulf of St. Lawrence is increasingly affected by bottom water hypoxia; however, the timescales and pathways of deep water transport remain unclear. Here, we present results from the Deep Tracer Release eXperiment (TReX Deep), during which an inert SF5CF3 tracer was released inshore of Cabot Strait at 279 m depth to investigate deep inflow transport and mixing rates. Dispersion was also assessed via neutrally-buoyant Swish floats. Our findings indicate that the tracer moves inland at 0.5 cm s−1, with an effective lateral diffusivity of 2 × 102 m2 s−1 over 1 year. Simplified 1D simulations suggest inflow water should reach the estuary head in 1.7 years, with the bulk arriving after 4.7 years. Basin-wide effective vertical diffusivity is around 10−5 m2 s−1 over 1 year; however, vertical diffusivity increases near the basin slopes, suggesting that turbulent boundary processes influence mixing. These results are compared to Lagrangian simulations in a regional 3D model to evaluate the capacity to model dispersion in the Gulf.
Ecological restoration is crucial in mitigating carbon loss caused by permafrost thawing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Huang Binbin , Lu Fei , Wang Xiaoke , Zheng Hua , Wu Xing , Zhang Lu , Yuan Yafei , Ouyang Zhiyun
Published: June 2024

Climate change leads to permafrost thawing, accelerating carbon emissions increases, challenges the goal of climate change mitigation. However, it remains unknown whether implementing ecological restoration projects in Alpine areas can offset the adverse effects of permafrost thawing locally. Here we took the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau as an example to explore this issue based on the improved Biome-BGCMuSo model. We found future climate change-induced permafrost thawing will decrease carbon sink. Projects’ carbon sink enhancement could fully counteract the permafrost thawing-induced carbon loss. Additionally, future warmer and wetter climates will enlarge the suitable area for restoration. If these areas are taken into account, carbon sink attributable to Projects will further increase. These results indicate that ERPs have the potential to combat future permafrost thawing-induced carbon loss, and their contribution will be further amplified by future climate change.
Real-world effectiveness of CDK 4/6 inhibitors in estrogen-positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Gehrchen Mathilde Louise , Berg Tobias , Garly Rasmus , Jensen Maj-Britt , Eßer-Naumann Saskia , Rønlev Jeanette Dupont , Nielsen Hanne Melgaard , Knoop Ann , Kümler Iben
Published: June 2024

Background

Initial treatment for advanced ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer involves a CDK 4/6 inhibitor (CDK 4/6i). Recent overall survival (OS) analyses led the Danish Medical Council to exclude palbociclib as preferred option. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib in a Danish context. Additionally, to compare the inhibitors to identify potential endpoint differences.

Material and methods

Patients undergoing first or second line CDK 4/6i treatments from January 1st, 2017, until December 31st, 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS).

Results

Among 2069 Danish patients, 1554 received first line treatment, 515 received second line treatment. In first line, abemaciclib’s median PFS was unreached; palbociclib had a median PFS of 32.0 months (95% CI: 28.9–35.3); ribociclib 42.4 months (95% CI: 35.1–52.9). First-line median OS was 37.8 months (95% CI: 32.5–NA); 49.7 months (95% CI: 44.7–54.1); and 54.4 months (95% CI: 47.9–NA) for abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib, respectively. No significant differences in OS were observed, nor in PFS in second line.

Conclusion

This study confirms first-line CDK 4/6i effectiveness, with abemaciclib and ribociclib showing prolonged PFS vs. palbociclib. This study could not confirm a ranking of the three CDK 4/6i.
The impact of viscosity asymmetry on phase separating binary mixtures with suspended colloids
Authors: Siddiqui Javeria , Codina Joan , Pagonabarraga Ignacio , Dobnikar Jure
Published: June 2024

The introduction of neutrally wetting colloidal particles into coarsening binary fluids is known to arrest the dynamics of the phase separation, as the colloids tend to be captured by the growing interfaces to reduce the free energy of the system.
Early diagnosis of autoimmune diseases through electrochemical biosensing using a modified plastic chip electrode
Authors: Patel Kinjal B. , Luhar Sunil , Srivastava Divesh N.
Published: June 2024

Detecting chronic autoimmune disorders early reduces morbidity and mortality. A low-cost impedometric biosensor for CXCL10, an AD biomarker has been developed using a PCE with gold nanoparticles, achieving a detection limit of 0.72 pg mL−1.
Alkoxy-functionalised dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolinones enabling anti-proliferative and anti-invasive agents
Authors: Patel Subham G. , Sharma Ira , Parmar Mehul P. , Nogales Joaquina , Patel Chirag D. , Bhalodiya Savan S. , Vala Disha P. , Shah Niraj V. , Banerjee Sourav , Patel Hitendra M.
Published: June 2024

Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a bioactive novel series of alkoxy-functionalized dihydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolinone derivatives using a multicomponent microwave-assisted reaction that exhibits potent antiproliferative and invasive activity.
Electrocatalytic water-to-oxygenates conversion: redox-mediated versus direct oxygen transfer
Authors: Leng Bing-Liang , Lin Xiu , Chen Jie-Sheng , Li Xin-Hao
Published: June 2024

Elucidating the oxygen transfer route can facilitate the development of electro-catalytic oxygenation reactions. Herein, we introduce oxygen transfer routes including the redox-mediated pathway and the direct oxygen transfer (DOT) method.
2D metal–organic frameworks bearing butterfly-shaped metal-bis(dithiolene) linkers from dithiol-functionalized benzenedicarboxylic acid
Authors: Zhong Hao , Jiang Zhixin , Hu Jieying , Chung Lai-Hon , He Jun
Published: June 2024

2D metal-bis(dithiolene) frameworks can be achieved easily either by a stepwise protocol using a butterfly-shaped intermediate or by direct assembly using transition metal ions and 1,4-dicarboxylbenzene-2,3-dithiol.
Asymmetric dearomatization of benzyl 1-naphthyl ethers via [1,3] O-to-C rearrangement
Authors: Zeng Hongkun , Wen Gang , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: June 2024

An asymmetric dearomatization reaction of benzyl 1-naphthyl ethers accelerated by a chiral N,N′-dioxide/Co(ii) complex is disclosed. Experiment results indicated that the reaction proceeds via a tight ion-pair intermediate.
Novel BiOI/LaOXI〈IX〉 heterojunction with enhanced visible-light driven photocatalytic performance: unveiling the mechanism of interlayer electron transition
Authors: Zhou Mengshi , Zhang Chunxiao , He Chaoyu , Li Jin , Ouyang Tao , Tang Chao , Zhong Jianxin
Published: June 2024

BiOI/LaOXI〈IX〉 exhibits high light absorption in the visible light range since the flat band of polarized LaOXI enhances the interlayer interaction. BiOI/LaOXI〈IX〉 facilitates overall water splitting following a direct Z-scheme strategy.
Electron superhalogens as positronium superhalogens
Authors: Porras-Roldan Rafael , Moncada Felix , Charry Jorge , Varella Marcio , Flores-Moreno Roberto , Reyes Andrés
Published: June 2024

Positronium (Ps) exhibits the ability to form energetically stable complexes with atoms and molecules before annihilation occurs.
A wide-bandgap graphene-like structure C6BN with ultra-low dielectric constant
Authors: Li Mengyang , Zhou Yuqi , Liu Bei , Wei Qun , Yuan Kun , Zhao Yaoxiao , Shao Siying , Wei Bing , Zhang Jincheng
Published: June 2024

C6BN, a flexible two-dimensional wide-bandgap semiconductor, was proposed with excellent stability and ultra-low dielectric constant, opening up new possibilities for high-frequency flexible electronic technology.
Theoretical study of the structural and thermodynamic properties of U–He compounds under high pressure
Authors: Cao Ye , Song Hongxing , Yan Xiaozhen , Wang Hao , Wang Yufeng , Wu Fengchao , Zhang Leilei , Wu Qiang , Geng Huayun
Published: June 2024

Besides the helium bubbles in uranium at ambient conditions, helium could exist as He2 dimer and atomic configuration in Fmmm-U4He and P1̅-U6He under high pressure. Both Fmmm-U4He and P1̅-U6He exhibited one-dimensional superionic phase transitions.
Self-assembled Co(ii) and Co(iii) [M2L3] helicates and [M4L6] tetrahedra from an unsymmetrical quaterpyridine ligand
Authors: Siddique Rashid G. , McMurtrie John C. , Clegg Jack K.
Published: June 2024

An unsymmetrical quaterpyridine ligand forms a mixture of helicates and tetrahedra when reacted with Co(ii). The metal centres can be oxidised to Co(iii) producing a higher proportion of tetrahedron.
Facet-specific photoreduction and immobilization of Cr(vi) on hematite nanocrystals
Authors: Chen Chaorong , Xian Haiyang , Liu Jing , Chen Qingze , Liang Xiaoliang , Zhu Runliang , Hochella Michael F.
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the critical role of hematite surface structures on the reduction and immobilization of Cr(vi) under light irradiation conditions.
Sustainability in a can: upcycling aluminium scrap in the waste-minimized electrochemical synthesis of 2-oxazoline
Authors: Trastulli Colangeli Simone , Ferlin Francesco , Vaccaro Luigi
Published: June 2024

We present herein the utilization of electrodes made from secondary aluminium sources and achieving the waste minimized, oxidant-free, electro-synthesis of 2-oxazolines.
Development of a self-powered digital LAMP microfluidic chip (SP-dChip) for the detection of emerging viruses
Authors: Kasputis Tom , Yeh Po-Chen , Liu Li , Marano Jeffrey , Weger-Lucarelli James , Du Ke , Lin Liwei , Chen Juhong
Published: June 2024

Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics have emerged as a crucial technology for emerging pathogen detections to enable rapid and on-site detection of infectious diseases.
Smart delivery vehicles for cancer: categories, unique roles and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Zeng Yiyu , Gao Yijun , He Liming , Ge Wenhui , Wang Xinying , Ma Tao , Xie Xiaoyan
Published: June 2024

Schematic diagram of the application of smart delivery vehicles in cancer treatment.
Crystal violet-modified Fe3O4@Au SERS probes: a novel highly sensitive method for H2 detection
Authors: Xie Dan , Deng Youyou , Ji Xunlong , Zhang Yiyan , Zhang Wentao , Hong Zijin , Liu Wenjing , Du Jingjing , Sun Zhenli
Published: June 2024

A novel breakthrough has been achieved in gas detection through the innovative application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to hydrogen (H2) detection for the first time.
Improved optical quality of heteroepitaxially grown metal–organic framework thin films by modulating the crystal growth
Authors: Koseki Yuka , Okada Kenji , Hashimoto Shotaro , Hirouchi Shun , Fukatsu Arisa , Takahashi Masahide
Published: June 2024

The high-quality 3D-oriented thin film of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with improved optical transparency will pave the way to integrate MOFs into advanced optical and electrical devices.
Surface in situ modulation of carbon nanotube-supported Fe–Ni compounds via electrochemical reduction to enhance the catalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Gao Taotao , An Qi , Zhang Yang , Yue Qu , Liu Chongbo , Li Xiaoqin , Li Bing , Qiu Lu , Xiao Dan , Zhao Qian
Published: June 2024

A pre-reduction modulation strategy increases the number of active sites while greatly improving the OER intrinsic activity, and then the obtained RO–Fe–Ni@CNT catalyst shows efficient OER catalytic activity and robust stability.
A minireview on the utilization of petroleum coke as a precursor for carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs): perspectives and potential applications
Authors: Cabral Rivaldo Leonn Bezerra , Galvão Edney Rafael Viana Pinheiro , Fechine Pierre Basílio Almeida , Galvão Felipe Mendonça Fontes , Nascimento José Heriberto Oliveira do
Published: June 2024

A mini-review on the latest research on the synthesis and applications of carbon-based nanomaterials obtained from petroleum coke and their implications as a by-product for the manufacture of materials in the global market.
Preparation and application of alkali-activated cementitious materials in solidification/stabilization of chromite ore processing residue
Authors: Su Pengyue , Zhao Pan , Wang Hao , Zhou Kun , Guo Yicheng , Liu Sha , Lu Huicheng , Chen Haiyu , Zhang Lanjun , He Ziqiang , Xia Ming , Zhao Shujie
Published: June 2024

Solidification/stabilization (S/S) of COPR was carried out by using blast furnace slag (BFS) and fly ash (FA) to prepare alkali-activated cementitious materials (AACM).
Orthorhombic lead-free hybrid perovskite CH3NH3SnI3 under strain: an ab initio study
Authors: Dendane Amina , Rerbal Benali , Ouahrani Tarik , Molina-Sanchez Alejandro , Muñoz Alfonso , Errandonea Daniel
Published: June 2024

We report a computational study where we explore the possibility of tuning the electronic properties of orthorhombic methylammonium tin iodide CH3NH3SnI3 using strains.
Towards intelligent electric vehicle power batteries and multi-scenario application vehicle operation safety charging strategies: a review
Authors: Li Shan , Ma Jian , Zhao Xuan , Zhang Kai , Jiao Zhipeng , Xue Qifan
Published: June 2024

Herein, we introduce the characteristics of different charging strategies and their equalization control technologies based on battery cells and modules and present an overview of the charging mode of the whole vehicle in detail.
Enhanced hydroxyl bridge-mediated microalgal lipid conversion via mixed-valence Zr/Ce-MOF-808 catalysts at reduced temperatures
Authors: Qian Lei , Cheng Jun , Xin Kai , Guo Hao , Mao Yuxiang , Tu Jiacan , Yang Weijuan
Published: June 2024

Schematic of the new Zr/Ce MOF-808 catalyst, showing high yield and durability in low-temperature microalgal lipid methanol conversion due to its unique adsorption and interconvertible Ce(iii)–Ce(iv) ion pairs.
Lignin-based sustainable antifungal gel nanocoatings for disinfecting biomedical devices
Authors: Chandna Sanjam , Gogde Kunal , Paul Shatabdi , Bhaumik Jayeeta
Published: June 2024

Lignin has been used as a sustainable biopolymer to develop gel-based coatings doped with photodynamic nanoconjugates for disinfecting biomedical devices upon light irradiation.
Revitalising high voltage cable: Exploring effective repair methods and influential factors for buffer layer defects using conductive silicone rubber
Authors: Yin Yanyang , Zhou Wenqing , Wu Zhiheng , Huang Jiasheng , Liu Xiaodong , Wang Jian , Liu Gang
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the ablative discharge of the buffer layer in high‐voltage (HV) cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables has become a significant challenge for the operation and maintenance of power lines. However, there is a lack of effective methods to address buffer layer discharge defects. A practical approach is proposed to repair buffer layer defects and mitigate the associated discharge issues. To achieve this goal, the principles of repairing buffer layer defects are analysed by establishing an electrical network model that considers different contact states between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath. Based on this analysis, a method involving the injection of solidifiable rejuvenation fluid between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath is proposed to effectively suppress buffer layer discharge defects. Through simulation calculations, the minimum electrical conductivity and injection volume required to establish a reliable electrical connection between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath is determined. Additionally, a curable rejuvenation fluid containing conductive carbon black silicone rubber is prepared and analysed for its conductivity and flow properties at both the mesoscopic and macroscopic levels. Finally, a real cable office discharge test is conducted to compare the discharge behaviour of defective cables before and after repair. The results demonstrate that when the conductivity of the rejuvenation fluid exceeds 10−6 S/m, it effectively establishes a conductive channel between the insulation shield and aluminium sheath, thereby reducing the risk of discharge ablation. Furthermore, after injecting the rejuvenation fluid and completely covering the white mark defect, the discharge phenomenon in the buffer layer is significantly suppressed, leading to the restoration of its electrical performance.
Influence of imidazolium ionic liquids as organic filler dispersant on electrical properties of chitin/epoxy composites
Authors: Yin Kai , Fan Qihong , Li Jing , Rahman Taqi ur , Zhang Tianyin , Paramane Ashish , Chen Xiangrong
Published: June 2024

Ionic liquid (IL) as the dispersant can help disperse the organic nanofillers to improve the performance of epoxy resin remarkably. However, the effect of IL on the electrical properties of epoxy composites is not well documented. This comprehensive study consists of the preparation, material characterisation and systematical investigation of electrical properties of 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate‐modified chitin fibre/epoxy composites. The findings show that introducing IL into a chitin/epoxy composite can minimise porosity defects and improve the compatibility between filler and matrix. However, a high concentration of IL induces severe charge injection into chitin/epoxy composites and internal electric field distortion. The addition of 0.75%–1.5% mass fraction IL results in maximum enhancement in the AC breakdown strength of the chitin/epoxy composite (by ∼71%) compared with the non‐IL composites. The non‐linear conductivity and non‐uniform charge injection phenomena of IL‐modified composites can be attributed to the movement of radicals and anions due to the decomposition of IL. Through this study, it is highly expected that the organic filler dispersion in the epoxy matrix can be optimised by tuning IL to improve the insulation properties.
Fruit fast tracking and recognition of apple picking robot based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Xu Yao , Zuodong Liu
Published: June 2024

The article proposes a real‐time apple picking method based on an improved YOLOv5. This method accurately recognizes different apple targets on fruit trees for robots and helps them adjust their position to avoid obstructions during fruit picking. Firstly, the original BottleneckCSP module in the YOLOv5 backbone network is enhanced to extract deeper features from images while maintaining lightweight. Secondly, the ECA module is embedded into the improved backbone network to better extract features of different apple targets. Lastly, the initial anchor frame size of the network is adjusted to avoid recognizing apples in distant planting rows. The results demonstrate that this improved model achieves high accuracy rates and recall rates for recognizing various types of apple picking methods with an average recognition time of 0.025s per image. Compared with other models tested on six types of apple picking methods, including the original YOLOv5 model as well as YOLOv3 and EfficientDet‐D0 algorithms, our improved model shows significant improvements in mAP by 1.95%, 17.6%, and 12.7% respectively. This method provides technical support for robots' picking hands to actively avoid obstructions caused by branches during fruit harvesting, effectively reducing apple loss.
Assessment of social protection challenges and status for agricultural workers in Kazakhstan
Authors: Kussainova Aiman , Radukanov Sergey , Petrova Mariana , Akhmedyarov Yerbol
Published: June 2024

Agriculture plays a key role in the economy of any state. In Kazakhstan, out of a rural population of 7,444,673, there are 3,573,443 economically active individuals. In Kazakhstan, a total of 1,078,720 people are employed in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Of these, 478,366 are wage workers, while 600,354 are self-employed. Rural unemployment affects 4.8%. In 2023, individuals working in agriculture in Kazakhstan earned an average monthly wage of 199,536 tenge, placing them second from the bottom in the income rankings. Despite increasing agricultural output, the wages of these workers are concerning. Consequently, their low and erratic social contributions affect the future quality of social protection regarding old age, job loss, and other social risks.
Green tea business in Georgia: Case of Guria region
Authors: Tsetskhladze Murman , Sulaberidze Salome
Published: June 2024

The paper focuses on the importance of producing tea as an environmentally friendly product. Georgian tea producers have a great opportunity facilitated by the existing natural environment, geographical location, natural characteristics of local tea, and the development of tea tourism in Georgia. Recently, tea tours have become attractive in Georgia. A tea tour is one of the world's famous tourist products, closely related to the cultivation, production and consumption of tea culture. The paper describes the problems in the tea production sector: tea production in the region is decreasing, the number of working tea plantations is decreasing, and many abandoned and neglected tea plantations. The study presents ways to solve these problems by improving existing varieties, organizing nurseries and demonstration plantations, and, at the legislative level, regulating the use of herbicides and pesticides, which will increase the nutritional value of tea and give it the appearance of an eco-product.In addition, manufacturers must possess the latest technologies to obtain quality products. The paper examines the modern trends in tea-making development in Georgia and the world, settles prospects of its development in the region of Guria, and offers the possibility of providing the tourist product “Tea Road” to customers. All this will help replace imported tea with local tea and get visitors interested in the “Tea Road” activities.
Analysis of investment and innovation support for the agricultural sector of Ukraine
Authors: Nesenenko Pavlo , Lazaryshyna Inna , Oplachko Iryna , Martyniuk Oksana , Proshcharuk Yurii
Published: June 2024

The definition of innovation and investment support for developing the agricultural sector is clarified. The dynamics of capital investments in Ukraine’s agriculture, forestry, and fisheries and their share in the total structure of capital investments are analyzed. The share of capital investments in Ukraine’s agriculture, forestry, and fisheries in terms of sources of financing are highlighted, and the aspects of bank lending to the agricultural sector are singled out. The dynamics of direct investment in Ukraine are covered, and it was established that growth in capital investment in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries was observed in 2021 and 2013-2018. The basic components of investment support for the development of the agricultural sector, such as private capital, state investments, international investments, and credit resources, are identified. Their advantages and disadvantages are characterized. Ukraine’s global innovation index (GII) for 2013-2023 and its components are studied. It was established that in 2022, Ukraine took the 57th position (49th in 2021) and 2023 – 55th in the GII ranking. The factors influencing the rating of Ukraine in the world ranking of economies according to the GII are identified. A correlation analysis between the GII and its sub-indices is carried out. A close connection between GII and “Knowledge and technology outputs” has been established. A linear functional relationship is formed between GII and “Knowledge and technology outputs” as subindex.
Die mediterrane Ernährung und ihr Einfluss auf die Fruchtbarkeit von
Frauen und Männern
Authors: Wagner Darja
Published: June 2024

Die mediterrane Ernährung ist eine traditionelle Ernährungsweise in den Ländern
rund um das Mittelmeer, wie Griechenland, Italien, Spanien und der Türkei. Sie
zeichnet sich aus durch den reichlichen Verzehr von wenig verarbeitetem Gemüse,
Obst, Vollkornprodukten, Hülsenfrüchten, Nüssen und Olivenöl. Fisch und Geflügel
werden bevorzugt gegenüber rotem Fleisch, und der Genuss von Rotwein in Maßen
ist ebenfalls Teil dieser Ernährung.
DMP Adipositas: Abspecken mit System
Authors: Dippel Franz-Werner
Published: June 2024

Für Erwachsene mit Adipositas wird es demnächst ein
Disease-Management-Programm (DMP) geben. Der zugrunde liegende Beschluss des
Gemeinsamen Bundesauschusses (G-BA) vom November 2023 wurde vom
Gesundheitsministerium (BMG) zum 1. April 2024 freigegeben und tritt somit am 1.
Juli 2024 in Kraft. Kassenärztliche Vereinigungen und Krankenkassen sind jetzt
aufgefordert, entsprechende Versorgungsverträge abzuschließen.
Konfliktbewältigung: Frag deinen inneren Coach!
Authors: Brazda Sylvia
Published: June 2024

In einem OP-Team arbeiten unterschiedliche Berufsgruppen und Persönlichkeiten eng zusammen. Daraus resultierende Konflikte belasten die einzelnen Teammitglieder. Innovatives Selbstcoaching kann dabei helfen, Spannungen zu bewältigen und aufzulösen.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Eggersdorfer Manfred , Schmidt Karlheinz
Published: June 2024

Ernährung heute und morgen – von traditionell zu vegan und Superfoods

Die Versorgung mit Lebensmitteln ist heute besser als jemals zuvor! Die Verbraucher
haben zu jeder Jahreszeit eine Auswahl an Obst, Gemüse und anderen Produkten bis hin
zu Superfoods! Und niemals zuvor musste für die Ernährung so wenig vom Einkommen
dafür ausgegeben werden wie heute.
Blick nach vorn: Prophylaxen in der Anästhesie
Authors: Lissner Malte
Published: June 2024

Apfel-Score und Akupunktur im OP? Viele Problematiken und Risiken einer Operation oder Narkose lassen sich durch gezielte Prophylaxen vermeiden oder erfolgreich minimieren. Wir geben einen Überblick, wie Sie das Outcome bei Allgemein- oder Regionalanästhesien verbessern können.
Den Arbeitsplatz aktiv mitgestalten
Authors: Fellenberg Jana , Rebel Felix
Published: June 2024

Welche Faktoren sind entscheidend, damit sich potenzielle Mitarbeiter*innen für einen Arbeitgeber entscheiden beziehungsweise zugehörig zum Unternehmen fühlen? Ein Fallbeispiel aus der operativen Abteilung am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg zeigt neue Wege auf, um Mitarbeiter*innen zu motivieren und zu binden.
Vitamine und andere Mikronährstoffe – was ist wissenschaftlich
gesichert?
Authors: Hahn Andreas
Published: June 2024

Welche Wirkungen von Mikronährstoffen ausgehen, ist Gegenstand kontroverser
Diskussionen. Strittig ist vor allem der Nachweis präventiver Wirkungen, denn
zum einen sind die Studienergebnisse hierzu häufig widersprüchlich, zum anderen
fehlt ein einheitlicher Bewertungsmaßstab. Eine Versachlichung der Diskussion
und eine differenzierte Betrachtung sind daher dringend notwendig.
Kritische Nährstoffe bei veganer Ernährung: alte Bekannte und neue
Verdächtige
Authors: Dawczynski Christine
Published: June 2024

Im Jahr 2021 haben sich 10% der Deutschen vegetarisch und 2% vegan ernährt.
Ein steigender Trend zeigt sich besonders unter den Jugendlichen. Im Vergleich zur
Gesamtbevölkerung ernährten sich 2020 doppelt so viele 15- bis 29-Jährige
vegetarisch oder vegan 1. Die Motivationsgründe
umfassen Umweltbewusstsein inkl. Nachhaltigkeit, Klimaschutz und Tierwohl,
Gesundheit sowie ferner religiöse Gründe 2.
„Superfoods“ unverpackt: Was steckt hinter diesem
Ernährungstrend?
Authors: Behrendt Isabel
Published: June 2024

Superfoods – ein Begriff, der in den letzten Jahren häufiger zu hören ist. Von
Açaí bis Chia, von Goji-Beeren bis Kurkuma – die Liste der als „super“
bezeichneten Lebensmittel wächst stetig. Doch was steckt dahinter? Sind
Superfoods der Schlüssel zu einem gesünderen Leben, oder handelt es sich
lediglich um einen geschickten Marketingbegriff, der die Verkaufszahlen in die
Höhe treiben soll?
Ernährung ohne Fleisch – der neue Trend
Authors: Eggersdorfer Manfred
Published: June 2024

Die Diskussion um eine gesunde Ernährung entzündet sich auch am Ursprung des
Proteinanteils. So gibt es bereits viele pflanzenbasierte Fleischersatzprodukte
und Produkte auf der Basis von Mykoprotein, während sogenanntes Laborfleisch
noch in der Entwicklungsphase steckt. Pflanzenbasierte Fleischalternativen
können zu einer geringeren Umweltbelastung beitragen, jedoch widerspiegeln sie
häufig nicht unbedingt ein gesünderes Ernährungsmuster.
Balance training during acute medical treatment for pediatric cancer
– subjective benefits and preliminary effects on selected physical
abilities
Authors: Otten Sarah , Daeggelmann Julia , Loesse Vivien , Koempel Theresa , Reitz Melanie , Siepermann Meinolf , Maas Volker , Bloch Wilhelm , Oschwald Vanessa
Published: June 2024

Background As balance training seems to be a promising training method to
improve physical limitations of the lower limbs, this study aims to evaluate
feasibility, subjective benefits and preliminary effects on physical abilities
of balance training in pediatric cancer patients.

Patients 11 pediatric cancer patients (5–21 years) undergoing acute
medical treatment were included in the study.

Method Participants took part in a 4-week balance training intervention. 3
trainings/week were conducted either supervised or self-administered. Subjective
benefits were evaluated using a questionnaire, effects on selected physical
abilities were assessed using functional-motor assessments.

Results Participants completed 71.21+37.34% of balance training sessions,
no adverse events occurred. Participants were satisfied with the intervention
and described various subjective benefits. Significant improvements were found
in functional strength of the lower limbs as well as positive trends in balance.

Discussion Balance training seems feasible with pediatric cancer patients
undergoing acute medical treatment potentially improving functions of the lower
limbs relevant for daily physical activity.

Conclusion Balance training can be a valuable conjunct to general exercise
programs in pediatric oncology.
Ten years of maintenance treatment of severe melancholic depression
in an adult woman including discontinuation experiences
Authors: Bonnet Udo
Published: June 2024

Background There are only few publications on long-term treatments for
major depressive disorder (MDD) lasting 5 years or longer. Most clinical
controlled trials lasted no longer than 2 years and some recent studies
suggested an advantage of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) over
antidepressants in relapse prevention of MDD.

Methods Exclusively outpatient "real world" treatment of severe
melancholia, prospectively documented over 10 years with different serial
treatment strategies, discontinuation phenomena and complications.

Methods Compared to CBT, agomelatine, mirtazapine, bupropion and high-dose
milnacipran, high-dose venlafaxine (extended-release form, XR) was effective,
even sustainably. Asymptomatic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were
found at the beginning of the treatment of the MDD, which initially led to the
discontinuation of high-dose venlafaxine (300 mg daily). Even the various
treatment strategies mentioned above were unable to compensate for or prevent
the subsequent severe deterioration in MDD (2 rebounds, 1 recurrence). Only the
renewed use of high-dose venlafaxine was successful. PVC no longer occurred and
the treatment was also well tolerated over the years, with venlafaxine serum
levels at times exceeding 5 times the recommended upper therapeutic reference
level (known bupropion-venlafaxine interaction, otherwise 2.5 to 3-fold increase
with high-dose venlafaxine alone). During dose reduction or after gradual
discontinuation of high-dose venlafaxine, rather mild withdrawal symptoms
occurred, but as described above, also two severe rebounds and one severe
recurrence happened.

Discussion This long-term observation supports critical reflections on the
discontinuation of successful long-term treatment with antidepressants in severe
MDD, even if it should be under "the protection" of CBT. The PVC
seemed to be more related to the duration of the severe major depressive episode
than to the venlafaxine treatment itself. A particular prospective observation
of this longitudinal case study is that relapses (in the sense of rebounds)
during or after previous venlafaxine tapering seemed to herald the recurrence
after complete recovery. Remarkably, neither relapses nor recurrence could be
prevented by CBT.

Conclusion In this case, high-dose venlafaxine has a particular
relapse-preventive (and "recurrence-preventive") effect with good
long-term tolerability.
Iodo-Annulations of N-Benzyl-propiolamides Leading To Azaspiro[5.5]undecatrienones or Benzo[c]azepinones
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Chandrasekhar Srivari , Nagendraprasad Thallamapuram , Islam Jannatul , Ajaykumar Uprety , Reddy Cirandur Suresh
Published: June 2024

Iodine-mediated oxidative annulations of N-benzyl-propiolamides are disclosed for the first time, providing either azaspiro[5.5]undecatrienones via dearomative ipso-annulation or benzo[c]azepinones through ortho-annulation. The selective construction of the aforementioned products is based on the ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)-promoted divergent reactivity of the propiolamide, directed by the substituents on the phenyl ring of the N-benzyl group.
Iron(III)-Catalysed Povarov Cyclisation for the Synthesis of Fused Dibenzo[b,f][1,7]naphthyridine Embedded Arylpyrrolo Scaffolds
Authors: Jana Umasish , Sahoo Raj Kamal , Rana Gopal , Kar Abhishek , Ghosh Sourav
Published: June 2024

An FeCl3-catalyzed Povarov reaction for the efficient synthesis of dibenzo[b,f][1,7]naphthyridines utilizing 1-(2-alkynylaryl)-2-pyrrolecarbaldehydes and arylamines in excellent yields is demonstrated. The essential features of the present strategy are easy preparation of substrates, broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and high atom economy and yields, in the presence of environmentally friendly iron catalysis.
1,2-trans-Diaminocyclohexane (DACH) in Asymmetric Catalysis: Nearing Fifty Years of Faithful Service and Counting
Authors: Hanessian Stephen , Mishra Akash
Published: June 2024

This review highlights the use of DACH as a versatile ligand in catalytic asymmetric transformations providing mechanistic rationales and relevant comments presented in chronological order for each of the 21 reaction types with references up to December 25, 2023. Intended to be as practically comprehensive as possible, this review assembles useful examples of using DACH as a ligand in organocatalytic or as metal complexes in asymmetric transformations. The resulting enantiomerically enriched, if not pure, chiral non-racemic small molecules are of great utility as value added intermediates in the total synthesis of natural products, in the design and synthesis of medicinally important compounds, and in other areas in organic and bioorganic chemistry where chirality plays a role. The graphic image depicts Spartacus with his arms folded in the same sense of chirality as (R,R)-DACH.

1 Introduction

2 DACH: A Brief Historical Narrative

3 Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenes

4 Catalytic Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Alkenes

5 Catalytic Asymmetric Sulfoxidation and Sulfimidation

6 Catalytic Asymmetric 1,4-Conjugate Addition

6.1 Using Jacobsen’s DACH Metal–salen Complexes as Catalysts

6.2 Using Takemoto’s Bifunctional H-Bonding DACH Thiourea Organocatalyst

6.3 Using DACH Ni(II) Complexes as Catalysts

6.4 Using DACH H-Bonding Catalysis

7 Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Alkenes

8 Catalytic Asymmetric Claisen Rearrangement

9 Catalytic Asymmetric 1,2-Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl Compounds

9.1 Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Dialkylzinc to Aldehydes and Ketones

9.2 Catalytic Asymmetric Alkynylation of Aldehydes and Ketones

9.3 Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Cyanide to Aldehydes and Ketones

10 Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation

11 Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Alkenes

12 Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions

13 Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination of Alkenes

14 Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Prochiral Ketones and Imines

15 Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reactions

16 Catalytic Asymmetric Opening of Small Ring Systems

16.1 Desymmetrization of meso-Epoxides and meso-Aziridines

16.2 Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Epoxides

16.3 Enantioselective Addition of CO2 to Epoxides

16.4 Enantioselective Ring Opening of Oxetanes

17 Catalytic Asymmetric Strecker Reactions

18 Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reactions

19 Catalytic Asymmetric Henry and Aza-Henry Reactions

20 Catalytic Asymmetric Morita–Baylis–Hillman and Rauhut–Currier Reactions

21 Catalytic Asymmetric Petasis Reactions

22 Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cascade Reactions

23 Miscellaneous Catalytic Reactions

24 Conclusion and Outlook

25 DACH Catalysts and Ligands List
Efficient Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines Based on the Recyclization of N-Arylitaconimides with Aminopyrazoles
Authors: Shmoylova Yana Yu. , Kovygin Yuri A. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S.
Published: June 2024

This article presents an efficient one-step synthesis of tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines through the recyclization of N-arylitaconimides with aminopyrazoles. The heterocyclic system of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrimidine is known for its diverse biological properties, making its derivatives significant in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. The study focuses on the regio- and chemoselective cascade reaction of N-arylitaconimides with 5-aminopyrazoles, demonstrating a new approach to synthesizing pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. The methodology, involving boiling in isopropyl alcohol with acetic acid, yields selectively either pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines or pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines based on the substituents in the aminopyrazoles. The study elucidates the reaction mechanism, structural characterization using NMR spectroscopy, and confirms the structures via high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The simplicity and synthetic potential of this approach make it a valuable method for the preparation of these heterocyclic frameworks.
Long-Term Results Using “Nair Hospital Precision Carving” Technique of Rhinoplasty
Authors: Bhat Uday , Peswani Amit , S. Aneesh , Hosamani Aravind S. , Pawar Mangesh , Raut Sushrut , Mirajkar Girish , Mistry Pooja
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives Convincing a patient who has undergone any aesthetic surgery to come for a long-term follow-up is extremely difficult. The result obtained after rhinoplasty usually stabilizes in the first year and it is unlikely to change after 2 years. The precision carving technique described in 2014 has been employed by us for the last several years. We wish to present long-term results (at least 2 years) obtained using this technique, now renamed as “Nair Hospital Precision Carving technique.” The unfavorable effects of warping are most apparent in the dorsum. So, we have chosen to assess results of dorsal onlay grafts only. This article presents the long-term results obtained using favorable warping technique.

Materials and Methods We have followed up 45 patients in whom dorsal augmentation was done using rib grafts for various indications like aesthetic, reconstructive rhinoplasty and cleft lip nasal deformity. Grafts were carved using the precision carving technique.

Results All patients were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and at subsequent follow-up period of 2 to 10 years and photographs were taken at each visit. There was no major complication and all patients were satisfied with the appearance.

Conclusion The Nair Hospital Precision Carving technique utilizes unbalanced yet controlled and precise carving to achieve a variety of natural shapes for the objectives of contour fill and framework reconstruction in rhinoplasty, thus ensuring good long-term results.
Knowledge and Practice of Dentists toward Dental Lasers and Their Use during and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Scenario in South India: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Ashifa Nisha , Srinivasan Sivapragasam , Viswanathan Krishnan , Pavithran Varsha K.
Published: June 2024

Background The advent of dental lasers has overcome the drawbacks of conventional clinical practice. It is considered to be a safer alternative during and post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in terms of infection control and reduced aerosol production. The study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of dentists toward dental lasers and their use during and post-COVID-19 pandemic scenario.

Methodology This is a cross-sectional, analytical study conducted among dental professionals in South India. A total of 444 dental professionals participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire with 15 closed questions was given to the participants. Chi-square test was used to analyze the obtained data.

Results The results indicated that the majority of the dental professionals were aware of the use, the types, watts, wavelength, and types of emission of dental lasers. They had good knowledge about the common uses of lasers in dentistry. Majority of the dental professionals had not used dental lasers anytime in their practice, but are willing to adopt it as a safer alternative option during and post-pandemic scenario.

Conclusion Application of knowledge of dental laser into clinical practice is beneficial in improving dental care and to enhance infection control.
Compromised Differentiation Potential of Diabetic Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Bhate Kalyani , Kharat Avinash , Kheur Supriya , Sanap Avinash , Bhonde Ramesh , Gopalakrishnan D.
Published: June 2024

Background Dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) are documented to be a promising source for the treatment of a diverse spectrum of diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, alterations in the characteristics of DPSCs from the T2DM patients are still unclear.

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of dental pulp stem cells obtained from diabetic and nondiabetic healthy individuals.

Methods Dental pulp stem cells from nondiabetic (ND-DPSCs) and diabetic (D-DPSCs) were isolated by the explant culture method. Both cells were expanded in identical culture conditions and subsequently differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic conditions. D-DPSCs and ND-DPSCs were characterized for a panel of MSCs-specific surface markers. Senescence associated with β-galactosidase was performed. In addition, we also performed an in vivo chick embryo yolk sac membrane assay for angiogenesis.

Results Findings of this study showed that diabetes mellitus affected the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, while adipogenic differentiation was significantly higher in D-DPSCs as compared to ND-DPSCs. Clonogenic ability and angiogenic potential of ND-DPSCs is higher than D-DPSCs despite similar surface marker expressions.

Conclusion Diabetes affects the stemness of D-DPSCs in terms of clonogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation and angiogenic potential, reflecting the adverse effects of hyperglycemia even on dental pulp stem cells.
Forschung und Praxis (1):Integration von wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen in die
Praxis
Authors: Riese Daniel , Thies Phillip
Published: June 2024

Immer noch verlassen sich viele Physiotherapeut*innen bei der Diagnostik und Therapie auf frühere
Ausbildungstechniken, persönliche Erfahrungen und Meinungen von Expert*innen. Gleichzeitig ist den
meisten bewusst, dass die Evidenz für physiotherapeutische Interventionen zunimmt, Forschungsergebnisse
aber den Weg zu selten in die tägliche Praxis finden. Dieser und der folgende Artikel sollen zu mehr
evidenzbasiertem Arbeiten motivieren.
Forschung und Praxis (2): Möglichkeiten für die Implementierung in die
Physiotherapiepraxis
Authors: Riese Daniel , Diers Phillip
Published: June 2024

In Bezug auf die Implementierung von evidenzbasierter Physiotherapie in die alltägliche Praxis sind
zuerst die Verantwortlichen anzusprechen, die über Arbeitsabläufe und den Einsatz ihres Personals
entscheiden. Die Entscheidung, ob sie evidenzbasierte Physiotherapie in die Praxis implementieren, liegt
in den Händen der Praxisbesitzer*innen, der leitenden Angestellten, Abteilungsleiter*innen von
Physiotherapie-Abteilungen in Kliniken und den Fachleitungen in Praxen. Sie müssen die notwendigen
Ressourcen und Zeit zur Verfügung stellen, um ihren Angestellten zu ermöglichen, eine evidenzbasierte
Physiotherapie zu erlernen, aktuelles Wissen aus der Forschung zu beziehen und Literatur zu
konsultieren.
The role of community mobilization in people’s healthcare-seeking behavior during the COVID-19 vaccination journey: select case studies from Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Das Priyanka , Shukla Santosh , Shrivastav Vipin , Purohit Saurabh , Sharma Deepika , Dhir Sanjay , Sushil  , Jandu Harkabir Singh , Kukreja Meenal , Bhatia Mehak , Kothari Nitin , Sharma Saurabh , Das Shyamashree , Taneja Gunjan , Ghosh Raj Shankar
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of community mobilization initiatives on citizens’ health-seeking behavior through the lens of COVID-19 vaccination in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. This study follows a case study approach to understand community mobilization initiatives that led to increased COVID-19 vaccination uptake. The study delineates the process to increase community mobilization to improve the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination. It highlights the key components of community mobilization that were adopted: the involvement of local leadership (at district, block, and village level), support of vaccination/mobilizer team, the role of in-person communication, involvement of influential community heads and social workers, localized strategies and IEC materials, and support from the state administration. Additionally, the key communication themes that played a crucial role in increasing COVID-19 vaccination coverage are identified. The findings of this study will help the policymakers and practitioners in the domains of Health and Medical Humanities, Health Policy and Services, and Social Sciences to clarify the roles of community mobilization activities and initiatives in increasing vaccination coverage. Furthermore, the study provides evidence for the adaptation, integration, and enhancement of these activities based on the four case studies discussed.