bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Apical Leakage between Immediate Versus Delayed Post Space Preparation using AH-Plus Sealer
Authors: Muhammad Ali Khan  , Fayyaz Alam  , Hira Asghar  , Mubashir Rasheed  , Feroze Ali Kalhoro  , Mahwish Memon
Published: November 2024

Background: Most endodontic failures result from incomplete root canal sealing. For successful treatment, obturation materials must have excellent sealing properties, and the techniques used should minimally impact their sealing effectiveness.Objective: To compare the apical seal integrity utilizing the AH-PLUS sealer in immediate versus delayed post-space preparation.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Operative Dentistry Department of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Fourteen teeth were randomly split into two groups of seven. Lateral compaction used AH Plus sealer (Dentsply) and gutta-percha. In group 1, Gates Glidden drills at 9000 rpm and a heated instrument created a post gap immediately after obturation, leaving 4 mm of gutta-percha apically. Group 2 teeth were immersed in saline at 37°C for one week before creating the post space using the same technique. The AH Plus sealer was used to test apical seal integrity in both groups.Results: In group 1 (Immediate post-space preparation) and group 2 (Delayed post-space preparation), 2 (28.6%) and 0 (0.0%) of 14 teeth had no apical seal integrity loss, while 5 (71.4%) and 7 (100.0%) had it. Compared to group 2 (Delayed post-space preparation), group 1 (Immediate post-space preparation) had considerably lower mean apical leakage (P-Value = 0.049) at 0.28 ± 0.38 mm.Conclusion: Apical seal integrity achieved by utilizing the AH-PLUS sealer is more favorable in immediate post-space preparation as compared to delayed post-space preparation after obturating the root canal system.Keywords: Apical, Integrity, Leakage, Preparation, Sealer.
Expression of Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and Human Epidermal Receptor 2 in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Shamsul Hadi  , Rabia Mukhtar  , Nasim Aslam Ghumman  , Aisha Jamil  , Maria Tasneem Khattak  , Latif Ullah Khattak  , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Background: Endometrial cancer EC is the most common gynecologic malignancy diagnosed globally as well as in South Asia, with most cases diagnosed as low-grade, early-stage disease. Although most patients get cured with current treatment strategies, a subset of patients develop recurrent disease. Detailed and extensive studies performed by researcher in the past. Briefly an EC is one of the common cancers of the uterus. It arises from continuous endometrial proliferation due to estrogen stimulation; mainly in postmenopausal life. Objective: To evaluate the expression of ER, PR and HER2 in Endometrial CarcinomaMaterials and Methods: This was a prospective, observational study conducted at the Histopathology department, RMI the largest public sector tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, from 20th May 2023 to 20th march 2024. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to include 32 cases of EC. The specimens were tested for ER, PR and HER-2 expression using immunohistochemical analysis. Data was analyzed in SPSS and the significance of association of expression of the receptors with histological types, grades and stages of the tumor was assessed.Results: Significant association of Her-2 overexpression with histological types and grades of EC was seen, whereas the association of ER and PR expression with histological types, grades and stage of EC was statistically insignificant.Conclusion: This study investigated the status of ER, PR, and HER-2 in Endometrial Cancer at RMI KPK. The results showed that ER and PR positivity was consistently high in Type-I EC, consistent with literature. HER-2 positivity was associated with more aggressive features. Keywords: Endometrial Carcinoma, ER, PR, HER-2
Varied Clinical Presentations of Abdominal Tuberculosis Causing Bowl Obstruction
Authors: Fazli Akbar  , Shabab Hussain  , Ibtisam Amir  , Sikandar Khan  , Muhammad Ijaz Khattak
Published: November 2024

Background: This study investigates the clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of abdominal Koch's disease, a common cause of intestinal obstruction, and the outcomes of surgical interventions.Objective: To evaluate the clinical presentations, surgical outcomes, and postoperative progress in patients with abdominal tuberculosis causing intestinal obstruction.Materials and Methods: A study of 50 patients diagnosed with abdominal TB at DHQ Teaching Hospital from 16 September 2021 to 16 September 2022 found that 80% were emergency cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.2, and a mean age of 24 years. The majority were Afghan nationals, with a majority coming from lower-middle socioeconomic backgrounds. Common symptoms included abdominal pain, distension, constipation, vomiting, weight loss, pallor, abdominal tenderness, and a mass in the abdomen. Laboratory findings included anemia, leukocytosis and raised ESR. Imaging findings showed distended small bowel loops and multiple air-fluid levels in 80% of cases, while 20% had evidence of coexisting pulmonary Koch's on chest X-rays.Results: Abdominal Koch's is diagnosed 50% of the time, with 35% of confirmed cases having positive clinical findings. Common lesions included strictures, ileocecal masses, and intestinal perforations. Surgical procedures varied, and patients received full antitubercular therapy postoperatively. Complications occurred in 30% of cases, and hospital mortality was 4%.Conclusions: Abdominal tuberculosis, a major cause of intestinal obstruction, but it is mostly asymptomatic and commonly affecting lower-middle socioeconomic groups. Surgical intervention and antitubercular therapy often led to improvement, but postoperative complications and mortality persist.Keywords: Abdominal tuberculosis, Intestinal obstruction, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Son Gelişmeler Ekseninde Çekin Şekil Şartları
Authors: Gökce Selman Yavuz
Published: November 2024

Kambiyo senetlerinden olan çek ticari hayatta sıklıkla kullanılır ve genellikle bir borcun ödenmesi için kullanılır. Diğer kambiyo senetleri olan poliçe ve bonodan farklı olarak, çek bir kredi aracı değil, ödeme aracıdır. Hukukumuzda borç ilişkilerinin kurulmasında kural olarak şekil serbestisi geçerlidir. Başka bir anlatımla, kanunlarda yer alan veya almayan birçok borç ilişkisinin tesis edilmesinde kural, şekle tabi olmamaktır. Bununla beraber borç altına girmenin bir çeşidi olan ve uygulamada önemli bir yer tutan çekte ise durum tam tersidir. Kambiyo senetlerinin, özellikle de çekin sıkı şekil şartlarına tabi olduğunu belirtmek gerekir. Bu şekil şartları o derecede önemlidir ki, kanun koyucu çeke ilişkin olarak ayrı bir kanun sevk etmiş ve bu kanunda da bir takım şekil şartlarını öngörmüştür. Öte yandan, söz konusu kanunda belirtilen unsurların eksikliği, TTK’da aranan unsurların bulunması kaydıyla bir çekin geçerliliğini etkilemeyecektir. Bu nedenle çalışma, çekin şekil şartlarına ilişkin olarak TTK hükümlerine hasredilmiştir. Çekte bulunması gereken unsurlar TTK m. 780’de gösterilmiştir. Bu unsurları içermeyen çekler, 781. maddede gösterilen ayrıksı durumlar hariç olmak üzere, çek niteliğini kazanamaz
Picking the Wild Poppies
Authors: Moravčíková Dominika
Published: November 2024

This article examines the fundraising discourse of the non-profit organization Divé maky (“Wild Poppies”), which provides individualized scholarships for Roma children who exhibit significant talent or proficiency in diverse fields such as music, theater, visual arts, sports, and general studies. Following Adam Saifer, I describe the fundraising characteristics of this program as features of (racial) neoliberal philanthropy that prioritizes individual empowerment and success over addressing the gaps in public services resulting from neoliberal austerity (Saifer 2023: 225). After analyzing the fundraising model, this article observes and reflects on an application process for a scholarship in the case of my child Roma interlocutor from a village settlement who would otherwise continue to lack access to music schooling and proper musical instruments. In this case study, I depict multiple crises that have influenced the journey of the membership of Divé maky and also an encounter with musical otherness that emerged from non-Roma perception of Roma household musicking. These experiences will be narrated and theorized under the framework of difficult knowledge (Britzman 1998). I will also comment on my ethnographic positionality as a non-Roma scholar and articulate how my identity, privilege, and ethnographic presence has shaped the relationships with the interlocutors and the potential for individual social change. Reflecting on the results of this intervention and issues that have resulted in the child’s removal from the program, I conclude that the charisma-based form of donorship of Divé maky with its rules of conduct is, by design, only able to help a specific group of Roma children while others remain marginalized in their education and opportunities for social mobility.
Contemporary Views on Romani Music and Romani Music Studies
Authors: Hemetek Ursula
Published: November 2024

An Editorial for the Special Collection of Articles "Contemporary Views on Romani Music and Romani Music Studies."
Pharmacy Service Quality Comparison of A Pharmaceutical and Clinic in South Tangerang
Authors: Adi Ismaya Nurwulan , Andriati Riris , Sari Indah Fenita Purnama , Rahsa Puji Lela Kania , Hasanah Nur , Ratnaningtyas Tri Okta , Banu Afreen , Poddar Ruma
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Patient satisfaction is a subjective value assigned to the quality of services provided. Patients frequently compare service satisfaction in clinics and pharmacies, so it is necessary to assess patient satisfaction by evaluating patient satisfaction as one of the factors to improve the quality of service in clinics and pharmacies. Material and Method: This study time to compare the quality of clinic and pharmacy services. This is a quantitative analytic study in which the data was analyzed univariately and bivariately using SPSS. Result: According to the findings of this study, the majority of respondents in clinics are adolescents, whereas the majority of respondents in pharmacies are adults. In clinics, women outnumber men, while men outnumber women in pharmacies. meanwhile, there are significant differences in service satisfaction between pharmacies and clinics in terms of dependability, responsiveness, empathy, physical evidence, and assurance, with P value = 0.5. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, there are significant differences in the quality of pharmaceutical services provided by pharmacies and clinics.
Occurrence, Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Oral Bacterial Biofilms from Pupils in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: E Nwankwo Chukwuemeka , Osho Adeleke
Published: November 2024

Bacterial pathogenesis within a host arises from the presence and infection of harmful bacteria. One of the modes of bacterial existence in humans is the formation of biofilms. Biofilms are composed of aggregates of bacterial cells which can be found in the oral cavity and other parts of the human body. These bacteria can disseminate from the oral cavity to the internal organs of the body. The aim of this study was to identify and classify the oral bacterial diversity of pupils in parts of the southwest of Nigeriausing phenotypic methods and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and to determine the presence of genes responsible for bacterial biofilm production. Participants were recruited from Lagos, Osun and Oyo States in Nigeria. Phenotypic and biochemical identification revealed 27 gram negative and gram-positive bacteria. Eight(8) bacteria occurred in all four locations (A, B, C and D). Biofilm-producing bacteria identified by NGS include C_110A, C_105, D_1, A_37 and B_87 which are Pseudomonas (99%), Bacillus (95%), Proteus mirabilis (93%), Serratia (88%) and Alcaligenes faecalis (82%) respectively. This study also uncovered the presence of unclassified Providencia sp. WCHPHu000369, and Unclassified Serratia sp. SCBI. rpoS and algC genes mapped successfully to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, icaC, rpoS, icaA and comE mapped to Proteus mirabilis, scaA, icaB, icaD, icaA and rpoS mapped to Serratia marcescens. No biofilm-producing gene mapped to Alcaligenes faecalis suggesting a possibly novel biofilm-production mechanism. The location ranked lowest in the oral health and related quality of life spectrum showed the greatest bacterial diversity, suggesting that the occurrence and diversity of pathogenic oral biofilm-producing bacteria in a geographical location is directly related to its living conditions. Results presented will advise research in geographical oral bacterial diversity and in systematic design of prophylactic measures.
Impact of Mass media on Indian society education and children
Authors: N. Patel Vinay
Published: November 2024

This research article describe the impact of media on Indian family, social life, children and education. The changes in the field of propaganda revolution are very important in today’s information minister era. It has a positive impact on social life. Mass media is an invaluable contribution as a means of bringing about change in society. The development of mass media has become essential for India’s develop the country by increasing its use in the right direction.
भारतीय रूपये की वर्तमान में डॉलर से तुलना व आयात एवं निर्यात पर प्रभाव (Current comparison of Indian Rupee with Dollar and its impact on Import and Export)
Authors: चन्द्र समरवार यतीश
Published: November 2024

हमारी वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था में, उपभोक्ता अपने स्थानीय किराना स्टोर और खुदरा दुकानों में दुनिया के हर कोने से उत्पाद देखने के आदी हैं। ये विदेशी उत्पाद - या आयात - उपभोक्ताओं को अधिक विकल्प प्रदान करते हैं। और क्योंकि वे आमतौर पर किसी भी घरेलू रूप से उत्पादित समकक्ष की तुलना में अधिक सस्ते में निर्मित होते हैं, इसलिए आयात उपभोक्ताओं को अपने तनावपूर्ण घरेलू बजट का प्रबंधन करने में मदद करते हैं। आयात और निर्यात में मूल्य परिवर्तन को श्रम सांख्यिकी ब्यूरो (बीएलएस) द्वारा जारी आयात/निर्यात सूचकांक (एमएक्सपी) द्वारा ट्रैक किया जाता है।
Teaching and Learning C Programming and Exploring Pedagogical Strategies and the Language’s Foundational Role in Software Development and Systems Programming
Authors: Binu Mol T. V.
Published: November 2024

C is a procedural programming language, that paves the basics in why functions are used and how it is implemented. C language gives you a deeper understanding of how computers work at a lower level. C is best used in systems programming, embedded systems, and compiler design. C gives a more foundational understanding of how computers operate, while other languages focus on teaching higher-level problem-solving and programming logic. Awareness about coding is going to be a mandatory skill in our resume in the near future. As students come from different educational streams we need a more student-centric approach to make them learn. One of the main teaching challenges is the lack of tools used in imparting programming concepts. Various methodologies are encomposed to enrich C language learning and teaching.
Fiber and some micronutrients in the diet of children aged 10 to 14 years old with peptic ulcer disease
Authors: Mai Chu Thi Phuong , Mai Nguyen Thi , Mai Le Thi Kim
Published: November 2024

Peptic ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal condition where diet is crucial in its prevention and treatment. This prospective cross-sectional study involving 246 children aged 10 - 14 diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease at the National Children’s Hospital was conducted to evaluate the fiber intake and micronutrients in their diet. The study recorded 85.4% of males and 14.6% of females. About two-thirds of the children consumed vegetables daily, while fruits and juices were consumed less frequently. However, the children’s diet did not meet the recommended fiber intake. Deficiencies in calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin A were also noted after dietary analysis. Thus, nutritional counseling is recommended for children with peptic ulcer disease to ensure adequate fiber intake and address micronutrient deficiencies to improve treatment outcomes.
Clinicopathologic characteristics and its association with survival outcomes in gastric cancer after D2 resection followed by S1 and oxaliplatin as adjuvant therapy
Authors: Hang Hoang Thu , Quang Le Van
Published: November 2024

There is limited data about the clinic-pathological features and the predictors of survival in gastric cancer patients who received adjuvant SOX post-operation in Vietnam. This study aimed to identify the correlation between clinic-pathological features and clinical outcomes for this population. From January 2019 to December 2023, 69 patients aged above 18 years old were diagnosed with gastric cancer and treated at the National Cancer Hospital Vietnam. Clinical findings, histo-pathological parameters and outcomes were reviewed retrospectively. Clinic-pathological characteristics of the study population showed a predominance of males (60.8%), aged above 60 (52.17%), good performance status, undifferentiated tumour (68.12%), antrum cancers (86.96%), and lymph nodes involvement (75.36 %). The estimated 1-year, 2-year, 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were 92.6%, 77.7%, 74.9% and 80.9%, 72.5% and 72.5%, respectively with the median follow-up period of 17 months. A significant prognostic predictor for survival was the presence of lymph node invasion (p = 0.0167) in a univariate analysis. Gastric cancer patients with adverse prognostic factors (node-positive) have a poor prognoses. Adjuvant chemotherapy may be more beneficial for these patients.
Value of Non-invasive Prenatal Test (NIPT) for comprehensive fetal aneuploidies screening
Authors: Cuc Phan Hoang , Lan Hoang Thi Ngoc , Que Trinh Thi , Hien Tran , Son Nguyen Ba
Published: November 2024

The expanded NIPT for screening all fetal chromosomal aneuploidies has been widely used in clinical practice. The study was conducted on 6,104 pregnant women performing this test at Medlatec General Hospital to evaluate the values of NIPT. Sensitivity and negative predictive value reach 100%, and specificity reaches over 99.8%. The positive predictive values for trisomy 21, trisomy 18, trisomy 13, sex chromosome aneuploidies, and rare chromosome aneuploidies are 88.89%, 62.50%; 50.00%; 36.67%, and 0%, respectively. Among rare chromosome aneuploidies, trisomy 2, 4, 9, 15, 16, and 22 are reported to have adverse outcomes, while trisomy 3, 7, 8, and 20 reported no cases. Therefore, the NIPT can potentially predict adverse pregnancy outcomes for rare chromosome aneuploidies.
Management of pneumonitis post-concurrent chemoradiation and immunotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer: Case report and litterature review
Authors: Hung Nguyen Van , Tan Nguyen Nhat , Manh Pham Duy , Bach Tran Trung , Huy Trinh Le
Published: November 2024

Immune-related pneumonitis is a rare but serious complication in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We encountered a 61-year-old male with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by durvalumab maintenance therapy. After 1 cycle of durvalumab treatment, he developed progressive dyspnea, dry cough, and low-grade fever. Chest CT scans revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities in both lungs, indicative of immune-related pneumonitis. Durvalumab was discontinued, and the patient was treated with high-dose corticosteroids and antibiotics. After one month, he fully recovered. Durvalumab was cautiously resumed under close monitoring without recurrence of pneumonitis. Conclusion: Early identification and management of immune-related pneumonitis are essential in NSCLC patients receiving durvalumab. Reintroducing durvalumab after recovery may be safe with vigilant monitoring.
Online circular contrast perimetry: The normative database of an Asian population
Authors: Tung Hoang Thanh , Tung Mai Quoc , Dung Pham Thi , Xuan Nguyen Thi , Duc Anh Nguyen , Diu Vu Thi , Hien Hoang Thi , Franzco Simon Skalicky
Published: November 2024

This study compared results of online circular contrast perimetry (OCCP) versus standard automated perimetry (SAP) in clinic, as well as clinic OCCP versus home OCCP in a normal Asian population. Healthy participants underwent a comprehensive ocular examination, retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography scan, and visual field tests performed in clinic, using OCCP and SAP. Within a week, participants were asked to repeat OCCP field test at home. 58 eyes of 29 healthy volunteers were selected. At the clinic, no difference between testing duration and fixation loss of SAP and OCCP was detected. False Positive (FP) rate of OCCP (3.57%) was significantly higher than SAP (1.07%, p < 0.001) while False Negative (FN) of SAP (1.64%) was significantly higher than those of OCCP (0.48%, p = 0.0225). In clinic OCCP compared to SAP revealed no significant difference in Mean Deviation (MD) (-0.29dB, p = 0.0825), and small differences in Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) (-0.60dB, p = 0.0001) and Visual Index (VI)/Visual Field Index (VFI) (1.26%, p = 0.0199). Among 29 healthy participants, 15 people with 30 eyes completed home OCCP tests. Comparing in clinic and at-home OCCP, no significant difference between test duration, FP, FN, FL of was found. Small but significant improvements in OCCP MD (0.79dB, p = 0.0008), VI (1.63%, p = 0.0043), but not PSD (-0.45dB, p = 0.1609) were detected. Comparable outcomes between OCCP and SAP in clinic as well as between OCCP in clinic and OCCP at home were found in a normal Asian population.
學習者過去的英語學習經驗在英語學習動機中的角色：以情境觀點分析大學生學習過程
Authors: 陳國豪 陳國豪 , 張善貿 張善貿
Published: November 2024

為了深入了解學習者的語言學習經驗在第二語言習得以及動機量表中的所扮演的角色，本質性研究以訪談法為主，針對8名大學生進行了詳細訪談。研究從認知、動機和情感三個角度探討他們過往的英語學習歷程。研究結果顯示學習者的內在因素與各種環境因素之間的動態互動對其學習過程產生了顯著影響，並塑造了他們不同的學習方向。因此，過去的學習經驗對當前的語言學習至關重要，這不僅影響動機的強度和持續性，還影響未來的學習目標。透過探討學習者過去英語學習經驗的複雜性，本研究強調重新評估這些經驗對於語言習得的必要性。除了理論意涵外，本研究還為增強教育環境中的語言學習動機提供了實用建議。

 

To further understand the role of learners’ language learning experience in the field of second language acquisition and various motivation measurements, qualitative methods were employed using an interview-based study. Focusing on eight university students, this research examined their past English learning journeys from cognitive, motivational, and affective perspectives. The results indicated that learner-internal variables dynamically interacted with different multi-layered contextual factors, significantly influencing their learning process and shaping diverse learning paths. Consequently, past experiences played a crucial role in shaping current language learning processes, leading to variations in motivation intensity and duration, and influencing future learning aspirations. By exploring the complexities of learners’ past English learning experiences, this study underscores the necessity of reevaluating them for a comprehensive comprehension of their significance in language acquisition. Beyond theoretical implications, the study also offers practical insights for enhancing language learning motivation within educational environments.

 
remarks - Machinery for Marking Student Work
Authors: Shturmov Oleks , Kirkedal Thomsen Michael
Published: November 2024

remarks is an open-source suite of tools for marking student work. It has been in moderate use for assessing semi-structured submissions in a handful of Computer Science courses with hundreds of students since 2016. The contemporary approach to systematically collaborate on such assessments is to use general-purpose administrative software (e.g., spreadsheets, text files or documents, Emacs Org-mode). Since this software has not been expressly designed for the purpose, it tends to require non-trivial technical skill to achieve but mediocre technical support for the assessment process. In particular, it is hard to achieve (1) support for criteria-based analytic marking, without precluding (2) holistic, free-form justifications for the given marks, while enabling (3) decentralized collaboration with a reliable and transparent synchronization mechanism. remarks has been expressly designed to meet these criteria. Guided by the theory of assessment and evaluation in higher education, it has grown from a series of scripts surrounding general-purpose administrative software to a dedicated tool suite for marking student work. With remarks, assessing a unit of work constitutes filling in a document whose structure is guided by, but not limited to a chosen marking scheme. Assessors can use a contemporary source code revision control system (e.g., Git) to collaborate on these documents; making conflict resolution explicit and unsurprising. Using one document per unit of work, further reduces conflicting edits, in general. The remarks tool can then derive summative and descriptive assessments from such documents. We describe and justify the design of remarks, report on our experiences with the approach, and invite you to help develop the ideas further.
The Nordic Prior Knowledge Test in Programming: Motivation, Development and Preliminary Results
Authors: Bolland Sondre , Haraldsrud Andreas , Jensen Siri , Strömbäck Filip , Styve Arne , Tøssebro Erlend , Valseth Eirik , Strømme Torstein
Published: November 2024

With recent updates to Norway's national curriculum, computational thinking and programming has become a core part of the K-12 education, leading to an influx of students entering higher education with prior programming experience. This shift has the potential to impact the teaching of ICT at universities, as foundational knowledge could allow for the introduction of more advanced topics earlier. However, the quality of programming education varies, making it essential to assess students' prior knowledge.To address this need, the Nordic Prior Knowledge Test in Programming was designed to assess incoming students' programming proficiency in the basic elements of the introductory programming course (CS1). This study details the rationale for assessing incoming students, the development and content of the test, and the preliminary results from its 2024 administration.The test was completed by 3,038 students (2,661 after data pruning) across eight higher education institutions in Norway. Results indicate a mean score of 39.9%, with a significantly higher performance among students exposed to the new curricular model (50%). Despite these gains, a substantial proportion of students scored at the lower end of the scale, highlighting the ongoing need for foundational programming instruction.Although most students will benefit from completing the standard CS1 course, a notable subset of students achieved high scores (14.7% scoring above 90%), suggesting the potential value of accelerated or alternative learning pathways, such as an advanced CS1 course or direct progression to CS2.
Fundamentals of Norwegian CS1
Authors: Bolland Sondre , Popov Aleksandr , Eide Tyra , Kordts Robert , Strømme Torstein
Published: November 2024

The introductory programming course, known as CS1, has evolved considerably since its inception, with diverse opinions on the essential concepts that should be included. This study aims to identify the fundamental concepts taught in Norwegian CS1 courses in order to develop a validated assessment tool: a concept inventory. This tool will be utilized in the Nordic Prior Knowledge Test in Programming, which is designed to assess the pre-existing programming knowledge of students entering higher education. This test uses Python, the dominant programming language in K-12 and higher education in Norway.To identify the fundamentals of CS1 we employed a triangulation approach that included three perspectives: the intended curriculum, the assessed curriculum, and the experienced curriculum. Our methodology involved a Delphi process with Norwegian CS1 educators, an analysis of final exams from various Norwegian institutions, and surveys of computer science students regarding the difficulty and importance of programming concepts.Our findings reveal that concepts related to looping, functions, conditionals and error interpreting are central to Norwegian CS1 courses, aligning with existing literature. However, we also identified notable discrepancies compared to older CS1 concept studies developed in other countries, particularly in concepts like recursion, data structures beyond arrays/lists and maps, and test design. These results underscore both the dynamic nature of computer science education and the enduring importance of foundational topics that students are expected to master.
Trenger vi læringsassistenter? Hvordan kan hverandre-vurdering og/eller egen-vurdering gi god læringsutbytte.
Authors: Mirmotahari Omid , Berg Yngvar
Published: November 2024

Denne studien undersøkes effekten av lærervurdering (LV), egen-vurdering (EV) og hverandrevurdering (HV) på læringsutbyttet til 528 studenter i et introduksjonskurs i informatikk. Studentene ble tilfeldig fordelt i tre grupper, hvor hver gruppe mottok en annen type tilbakemelding på en obligatorisk oppgave. Resultatene viste at alle intervensjonene førte til en signifikant forbedring i studentenes prestasjoner fra første utkast til endelig innlevering (p < 0.05). HV-gruppen hadde den største gjennomsnittlige økningen i poeng (M = 0.52), etterfulgt av LV (M = 0.45) og EV (M = 0.36). På eksamen oppnådde HV-gruppen den høyeste gjennomsnittlige poengsummen (67.08%), sammenlignet med EV (62.85%) og LV (62.59%). Disse funnene fremhever potensialet til alternative vurderingsmetoder, spesielt hverandrevurdering, som effektive verktøy for å fremme læring og prestasjoner. Studien bidrar til forskningen på vurdering i høyere utdanning og gir innsikt i fordelene og utfordringene ved hver tilnærming. Resultatene har viktige implikasjoner for vurderingspraksis og understreker behovet for å kombinere egenvurdering og hverandrevurdering med tradisjonell lærervurdering for å skape et mer helhetlig og studentsentrert vurderingsmiljø.
Sustainability in supply chain management
Authors: Jinyoung Hwang
Published: November 2024

There are prominent concerns arising from the impact business practices are posing to the environment, particularly due to climate change, scarcity of resources, and social responsibility. The main objective of the research was to assess the strategies firms can use to incorporate sustainability in their supply chain practices while maintaining their financial viability. The study applied a qualitative approach to find out the sustainability practices companies apply in their supply chain process. The data collection techniques applied included semi-structured interviews with 20 participants from diverse organizations. The study also used focus groups comprising of 5 participants for dynamic discussions and peer-to-peer learning. Themes were developed from the group interviews and focus groups that helped to draw conclusions from the study. The key findings from the research are as follows: First, regulatory restrictions are the major driving force towards sustainability. Secondly, consumers show high affinity towards products offered by sustainable organizations. Third, lack of awareness is the main reason why some organizations have not incorporated sustainability into their supply chain. The fourth finding is that the circular economy leads to significant reduction in wastes, hence supply chain sustainability. Incidentally, the study finds out that supply chain sustainability cuts costs for organizations.The research findings validate the importance of supply chain sustainability in enhancing financial performance of companies, boosting brand reputation, and increasing consumer loyalty and retention.
Geleceğin Hemşireliğinde Yapay Zekânın ve Robotik Teknolojilerin Rolü
Authors: Nirgiz Cansu
Published: November 2024

Dünya genelinde sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan hemşire sayısı yetersiz kalmaktadır. Artan hasta sayısına bağlı hemşirelerin üzerindeki yük arttıkça hemşireler daha verimsiz çalışmaktadır. Hemşire açığını kapatmak için yapay zekâ ve robotik teknolojiler gibi yenilikçi çözümlere ihtiyaç vardır. Günümüzde yapay zekâ ve robotik teknolojiler sağlık hizmetinde önemli bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Avantajları; hemşirelere enerji ve zaman tasarrufu sağlar. Hemşirelerin verimli ve kapsamlı bir bakım sunmasına yardımcı olur. Hemşireleri doğru klinik tanı koyma, yaşam bulgularına anlık ulaşma, aynı anda birden fazla hastayı takip etme gibi konularda desteklemektedir. Öte yandan yapay zekâ ve robotik teknolojilerin hemşirelik mesleği üzerinde dezavantajları endişe konusudur. Robotik teknolojinin hemşirelere göre daha verimli ve etkili sonuçlar vermesi, hemşirelik uygulamalarının robotlara aktarılmasına neden olabilir. Bu makineler insanlardan daha iyi bir performans gösteremezler. Robotik teknoloji ile hemşirelik felsefesinin geleneklerinden uzaklaşılması söz konusu olabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı, yapay zekânın ve robotik teknolojilerin hemşirelik mesleğinde avantaj ve dezavantajlarının değerlendirilmesidir.
Palliative care nursing and pediatrics in Intensive Care Unit (ICU): Updated review
Authors: Alanazi Hamad Huran F , Alqarni Ali Mohammed S , Alamri Abdullah Abdulqader H , Al-Faridi Salman Ghazi , Altawyan Yazeed Sulaiman S , Al-Harbi Ziad Bin Badi Hamoud , Al Nemer Azzam Abdullah Rashed
Published: November 2024

Background: Palliative care in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) aims to enhance quality of life for critically ill neonates and their families. Despite the American Academy of Pediatrics’ broad recommendations, variability exists in implementing palliative care across healthcare facilities. Common neonatal conditions like prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and neonatal sepsis pose challenges, emphasizing the need for integrative palliative care. Aim: To examine the history, current practices, and emerging trends in neonatal palliative care, emphasizing its implementation in NICUs. Methods: A comprehensive review of neonatal palliative care literature was conducted, highlighting advancements, barriers, and practical approaches to incorporating palliative care in NICU settings. The review included guidelines, clinical pathways, and policy frameworks. Results: Neonatal palliative care has evolved from rudimentary practices to specialized programs addressing complex medical, ethical, and emotional needs. However, significant barriers persist, including fragmented education, interprofessional communication gaps, and limited palliative care training for healthcare providers. Integrating primary palliative care into NICUs has shown potential for improving outcomes, though it requires widespread adoption of foundational skills among neonatal teams. Conclusion: The integration of palliative care into NICUs is crucial for addressing the nuanced needs of critically ill neonates and their families.
Palliative care of geriatrics-nursing care plans: An updated review
Authors: Alanazi Hamad Huran F , Alqarni Ali Mohammed S , Alamri Abdullah Abdulqader H , Al-Faridi Salman Ghazi , Altawyan Yazeed Sulaiman S , Al-Harbi Ziad Bin Badi Hamoud , Al Nemer Azzam Abdullah Rashed
Published: November 2024

Background: The increasing life expectancy in aging populations has highlighted the growing need for specialized care in managing chronic, life-limiting conditions. With the rising prevalence of multimorbidity, frailty, and cognitive decline in elderly populations, geriatric palliative care (GPC) has emerged as a necessary field of practice. This paper discusses the integration of geriatrics and palliative care, emphasizing the role of nursing care plans in managing the complex healthcare needs of the elderly, particularly those with chronic illnesses. Aim: To explore the role of geriatric palliative care in managing complex geriatric conditions and to identify key challenges and strategies for improving care delivery, with a focus on nursing care plans and multidisciplinary approaches. Methods: The review synthesizes current literature and evidence on geriatric palliative care, examining the intersection between geriatrics and palliative care. Theoretical foundations, ethical frameworks, and challenges within the field are discussed. Strategies for improving care coordination, patient autonomy, and research efforts are also explored. Results: The paper identifies several key geriatric conditions, such as chronic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and dementia, which often require palliative care interventions. It highlights the challenges in providing comprehensive care, including decision-making difficulties, care coordination, and research gaps.
Aristotle's Natural City in Politics 1.2 1252b1–4: A Philosophical Revision
Authors: Boyle Marjorie O'Rourke
Published: November 2024

This article discovers and revises the misconstruction, from medieval to modern political thought, of Aristotle's natural city in Politics 1.2 1152b1–4. It reports the Latin mistranslation by William of Moerbeke of hen pros hen that nature makes one part for one
task, as cited by Thomas Aquinas in its first study. It documents, especially from Aristotle's comparative Parts of Animals, that nature makes a part for the whole. It identifies his doctrine of final causality as its basis. It documents that his disregarded philosophy of beauty determines
the proportionality of a part in the whole. A new translation concludes it.
El financiamiento como factor de éxito o fracaso para las pymes en México
Authors: Varela Aguirre Francisco Alonso , Toscano Moctezuma Juan Alfonso
Published: November 2024

Las pymes son fundamentales dentro de la economía mexicana, siendo las principales proveedoras de empleo formal, así como grandes contribuyentes al Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) del país. Sin embargo, los altos índices de mortalidad dentro de los primeros años de existencia reflejan las dificultades que enfrentan los nuevos emprendedores para sobrevivir en el mercado, siendo una constante la falta de oportunidades de financiamiento, esto debido a diferentes factores vinculados directa o indirectamente a la empresa, los cuales pueden ir desde su corto tiempo en el mercado hasta el historial crediticio y preparación académica del propietario. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre las diferentes variables que influyen en el acceso al financiamiento de las pymes mexicanas, que lo convierten en un factor determinante para el éxito o fracaso en sus primeros años de existencia.
Ante lo inexplicable
Authors: González Varela Sergio
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar el tema de lo inexplicable en el análisis antropológico del ritual. Dentro del contexto ritual se presentan problemas de comunicación de los elementos simbólicos y de conocimiento que se transmiten a los participantes. Debido a que la experiencia en este ámbito es intensa y fuera del ámbito de la cotidianeidad, el argumento central del artículo afirma que la transmisión del conocimiento del ritual se da muchas veces de manera inmediata como una vivencia sensible de carácter no verbal, donde los participantes interactúan con entidades no humanas que tienen agencia, afectando la dinámica performativa. Para sostener este argumento se hace una descripción etnográfica del ritual afrobrasileño de la capoeira donde existen límites en la transmisión del conocimiento y donde el poder de los líderes se define como un descubrimiento de una fuerza inexplicable, misteriosa y secreta, que afecta sus vidas y sus relaciones sociales. Finalmente, el texto describe la manera en que las prácticas rituales como la capoeira y su encuentro con lo inexplicable afectan las vidas de los participantes a lo largo del tiempo.
Asalto al poder
Authors: Laloth Jiménez Rafael
Published: November 2024

Eduardo González Calleja es profesor titular de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, especialista en la teoría e historia de la violencia política, temática desarrollada en su libro Asalto al poder. La violencia política organizada y las ciencias sociales. La obra presenta un esbozo general sobre las tipologías de las violencias organizadas a través del análisis de los siguientes elementos: a) factores internos y externos de los grupos en pugna, b) elementos estructurales y coyunturales de los conflictos, c) estrategias desempeñadas por organizaciones que disputan el poder.
Piezocatalytic ZnS:Mn2+ nanocrystals for enhanced organic dye degradation
Authors: Wang Zhongxiang , Tiukalova Elizaveta , Tai Youyi , Chi Miaofang , Nam Jin , Yin Yadong
Published: November 2024

Article
Piezocatalytic ZnS: Mn2+ Nanocrystals for Enhanced Organic Dye Degradation

Zhongxiang Wang 1, Elizaveta Tiukalova 2, Youyi Tai 3, Miaofang Chi 2, Jin Nam 3,* and Yadong Yin 1,*

1 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
2 Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
3 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
* Correspondence: jnam@engr.ucr.edu (J.N.); yadong.yin@ucr.edu (Y.Y.)
Received: 15 October 2024; Revised: 20 November 2024; Accepted: 21 November 2024; Published: 22 November 2024
 

Abstract: Piezocatalysis, an emerging approach that harnesses mechanical energy to drive chemical reactions, has garnered significant attention due to its potential applications in diverse fields, particularly in environmental remediation. Its broader application, however, is often hindered by the low efficiency of existing piezocatalytic materials. Here, we report the synthesis of Mn2+-doped ZnS nanocrystals with improved piezoelectric properties using an emulsion-based colloidal assembly technique. Through well-controlled Mn2+ doping, these nanocrystals demonstrate high piezocatalytic activity for degrading organic dyes under ultrasonic vibration. The optimal performance is achieved with 3% Mn2+ doping, outperforming many existing piezocatalysts. Mechanistic studies reveal the generation of reactive oxygen species as the primary driving force for degradation. Notably, pre-excitation with UV light further boosts the piezocatalytic efficiency of these metal ion-doped ZnS nanocrystals by filling electron trap states, leading to improved overall performance. This research paves the way for developing high-performance piezocatalysts, expanding the potential of piezocatalysis for a wide range of applications.
Besnik and the social world
Authors: Van der Aa Jenny-Louise
Published: November 2024

When I encountered the Rumanian city dweller Besnik, I decided to do a good deed and help him. Here's what happened.
Ethnographic Monitoring: A Beginner's Guide
Authors: Van der Aa Jenny-Louise
Published: November 2024

A tentative table of contents for my upcoming book on ethnographic monitoring
Ethnographic Ghosting
Authors: Van der Aa Jenny-Louise
Published: November 2024

what to do when participants no longer talk to you...
Borra do café: capacidade biosortiva dos íons Zn2+ e Ni2+ e estudo cinético
Authors: Oliveira Jorge Diniz de , Sousa Helayne Santos de , Parente Raquel Milhomem
Published: November 2024

A biossorção é uma técnica promissora de remediação ambiental que utiliza residuos agroindustriais como biossorvente. A borra de café, um resíduo amplamente disponível e de baixo custo, surge como um potencial biossorvente para a remoção de metais potencialmente tóxicos da água. Assim, este estudo investiga o potencial da borra de café como biossorvente para a remoção de íons metálicos Zn2+ e Ni2+ de soluções aquosas. A borra de café foi coletada, seca, triturada e dividida em duas partes: uma foi utilizada em sua forma natural (BCL) e a outra foi modificada quimicamente com hidróxido de potássio (BCLMKOH) e ácido fosfórico (BCLMH3PO4) para aumentar a disponibilidade de grupos funcionais ativos. A cinética de adsorção foi avaliada em experimentos em batelada, variando parâmetros como pH, tempo de contato e dosagem da biomassa. Os resultados indicaram que o modelo de Langmuir se ajustou bem aos dados experimentais, sugerindo uma adsorção em monocamada. Entretanto, as constantes RL sugeriram que o processo de adsorção não foi altamente favorável. Já o modelo de Freundlich evidenciou a heterogeneidade da superfície da biomassa, indicando a possibilidade de adsorção em múltiplas camadas. Conclui-se que a borra de café apresenta um grande potencial como biossorvente para a remoção de metais potencialmente tóxicos. Além disso, este estudo demonstra a importância da otimização de parâmetros operacionais para maximizar a eficiência do processo de biossorção, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias sustentáveis na remediação de águas contaminadas.
Os novos manicômios: contrarreforma psiquiátrica, a mercantilização da loucura e a ascensão das comunidades terapêuticas no Brasil
Authors: Santos Antonio Nacílio Sousa dos , Cazeiro Felipe , Fonseca Laís Mariana da , Fraga Francielly Vieira , Sousa Caíque dos Santos , Ferreira Samira Borges , Dutra Luciana da Costa , Carvalho Davi Magalhães , Silva Ana Catarina Soares da , Machado José Henrique Rodrigues , Liporaci Bruno de Paula Checchia , Silva Leandro Roque da , Silva Amanda Barbosa da , Melo Felipe Pereira de , Santos Isabôhr Mizza Veloso dos
Published: November 2024

O crescimento do consumo de drogas no Brasil tem sido acompanhado por uma proliferação de serviços voltados à reabilitação de pessoas dependentes. Entre esses serviços, as comunidades terapêuticas, anteriormente relegadas a um papel secundário, passaram a ocupar uma posição central nas políticas públicas dirigidas aos usuários. Este estudo propõe uma análise crítica e descritiva dessas instituições, examinando tanto suas implicações para a saúde coletiva quanto os aspectos sociais envolvidos, com ênfase em seu processo de expansão, na institucionalização dos indivíduos atendidos e nos impactos que geram para a sociedade. A análise também problematiza a inserção dessas instituições no contexto da contrarreforma psiquiátrica brasileira e na “mercantilização da loucura”. A investigação utilizou como base o referencial teórico-científico, centralmente, o conceito de instituições totais de Goffman (2015), biopoder de Foucault (2014; 2017) e outros teóricos como Basaglia (2010), bem como dados normativos sobre substâncias psicoativas. Metodologicamente, fizemos uso da abordagem qualitativa (Minayo, 2016), descritivo (Gil, 1999) e compreensiva (Weber, 2009). Ao se afastarem de princípios da reforma psiquiátrica, que defendem práticas baseadas na reintegração comunitária e na dignidade dos usuários, muitas comunidades terapêuticas têm operado sob uma lógica privatista, com fins lucrativos, que reduz o cuidado ao tratamento padronizado e institucionalizador. Essa abordagem, frequentemente embasada em concepções moralistas e religiosas, reforça a exclusão social e a estigmatização dos usuários que vivem uma situação que nominamos de “os novos manicômios” no Brasil.
Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance in Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens: Analysis in a Provincial Hospital in Zimbabwe
Authors: Manyawu Mufaro , Mahamane-Salissou Maibouge T.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections globally. Rising multidrug-resistant uropathogens in Zimbabwe underscore the need to review their susceptibility profiles. This study examines antimicrobial susceptibility trends of uropathogens in patients from Victoria Chitepo Provincial Hospital. Methods: This retrospective study included 385 randomly selected UTI-positive patients from 2023. Midstream, clean-catch urine samples were processed using standard microbiological techniques, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results: More females (56.4%) than males (43.6%) had UTIs, with age groups 0–9 and 20–29 years most affected (16.6% each). The predominant uropathogens were E. coli (27.2%), K. pneumoniae (18.4%), Staphylococcus spp. (17.4%), and Enterobacter spp. (12.2%). E. coli was most susceptible to ceftriaxone (93%) and most resistant to doxycycline; K. pneumoniae was most susceptible to chloramphenicol (70.4%). Conclusion: E. coli was the most common uropathogen. Most uropathogens showed susceptibility to ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. However, Staphylococcus spp. displayed resistance to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and doxycycline. The high resistance rates highlight the need for antimicrobial stewardship and confirmatory testing before prescribing.