bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Approaches to Using Kazakhstan’s Industrial Ferrous and Nonferrous Tailings in the Production of Ceramic Materials
Authors: Kairakbaev A.K. , Abdrakhimova E. S. , Abdrakhimov V.Z.
Published: May 2020

This paper covers the production of ceramic materials from the tailings of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy without using convention natural materials. The research addresses the dependency of the polymetallic ore tailings, chromite ore tailings, and physico-mechanical properties of ceramic materials based on the clayey portion of zircon-ilmenite ore gravity tailings. The dependency model is based on the actual experimental data and provides an analytical description of the test results as a function. Regression analysis has produced mathematical models for predicting the properties of ceramic mixtures at points not covered by the experiments. The paper presents five model equations to show:– how the content of chromite-ore tailings and polymetallic-ore tailings affects the compressive strength of ceramic bricks;– how the content of chromite-ore tailings and polymetallic-ore tailings affects the bending strength of ceramic bricks;– how the content of chromite-ore tailings and polymetallic-ore tailings affects the frost resistance of ceramic bricks;– how the content of chromite-ore tailings and polymetallic-ore tailings affects the thermal conductivity of ceramic bricks;– how the content of chromite-ore tailings and polymetallic-ore tailings affects the heat resistance of ceramic bricks;The research team has managed to produce ceramic bricks of high physico-mechanical properties from the tailings of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy without using convention natural materials.
Selective Acid Leaching of Copper and Zinc from Old Flotation Tailings
Authors: Bulaev Aleksandr , Melamud Vitaliy
Published: May 2020

The goal of the present work was to develop hydrometallurgical method based on acid leaching, which makes it possible to perform selective extraction of non-ferrous metals from old flotation tailings. Leaching was performed with sulfuric acid solutions (from 0.5 to 10%) and distilled water. Leaching was carried out using percolators and bottle agitator. Percolators were loaded with 100 g of old tailings, and leaching was performed with 100 mL of acid solutions. Pulp density during agitation leaching (S: L) was 1: 5. Two samples of old flotation samples were studied. The first sample of flotation tailings contained 0.26% of copper, 0.22% of zinc, and 17.4% of iron; while the second sample contained 0.36% of copper, 0.23% of zinc, and 23.2% of iron. Percolation leaching made it possible to extract up to 43 and 47% of Cu and Zn from the first sample. Extraction rate was maximum during the leaching with 1 and 2.5% sulfuric acid solutions. During the agitation leaching, the maximum extraction rate was reached with a 2.5% sulfuric acid solution (52 and 54% Cu and Zn), but the leaching rate with all solutions and distilled water differed insignificantly. Percolation leaching made it possible to extract up to 54 and 37% of Cu and Zn from the second sample of tailings, while agitation leaching made it possible to extract up to 34 and 68% Cu and Zn, respectively. The rate of non-ferrous metals extraction from the second sample with water did not differ significantly from that of obtained in the experiments with sulfuric acid solutions. In all experiments, the increase in the H2SO4 concentration led to the increase in concentrations of iron ions in productive solutions, which impedes the extraction of non-ferrous metals from solutions. Thus, it was possible to reach selective leaching of non-ferrous metals and to obtain solutions with relatively low concentrations of iron ions.
Automated Orbital Welding of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels Pipelines with Small Diameter
Authors: Ngo Gia Viet
Published: May 2020

Welding of small-diameter pipelines made of carbon and low-alloy steels is highly demanded in various industries. However, there is practically no scientific literature covering all methods of welding of such pipelines. This article analyzes the available literature, as well as the authors' own developments. The survey showed the most common non-consumable electrode welding technology in inert gases. The main points of non-consumable electrode welding technology in inert gases, as well as the development of welding of small-diameter pipelines from carbon and low-alloy steels, are presented and structured.
Studying Gas-Phase Flows in the Laser Exposure Zone during Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Podrabinnik Pavel Anatolyevich , Protasov C.E. , Gusarov A.V.
Published: May 2020

The processes occurring during selective laser melting were studied with a high-speed CCD camera. In order to record all optical in-homogeneities, the camera was integrated into optical arrangement, that realized the Schlieren-method. Within the experiment three parameters were estimated, such as powder particles opening angle, their velocity and the outflow velocity of vapor-gas jet. The influence of laser setup parameters is given. It is shown that particle size and material composition, together with laser power, affect greatly on the opening angle and velocity of powder particles emission, respectively.
Rheological Properties and Microstructure of PH1 Stainless Steel Produced by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Gladkovsky Sergei , Salikhyanov Denis Rinatovich , Volkov Vladimir P. , Avraamov Yurij A. , Veselova Valeriya E.
Published: May 2020

The present study is focused on rheological properties of PH1 stainless steel, produced by selective laser melting (SLM), at temperatures of hot deformation, with the aim to investigate the dependence of strain resistance on temperature and strain degree. The tests of cylindrical specimens, made of PH1 stainless steel, were carried out using a cam plastometer in temperature range 700 – 1200 °C at a strain rate ξ equal to 1 s-1 up to strain degree e equal to 0.8 – 1.2. The paper presents the results of investigation of initial microstructure, microhardness measurement and flow curves of PH1 steel, produced by SLM method. The flow curves of PH1 steel produced by SLM can be used in the development of new methods of manufacturing the metallic parts by additive technologies with the use of deformation post-processing.
Study of Sorption of Manganese (II) Cations by Composite Sorbent
Authors: Lebedeva Irina , Lonzinger Tatiana M. , Skotnikov Vadim A.
Published: May 2020

A significant increase in the amount of pollution (including heavy metals) that enter the hydrosphere as a result of human activity, sanitary requirements that are imposed on the quality of water, lead to the search for effective ways and methods of its purification. Wastewater from many industrial plants contain heavy metal salts, including manganese compounds. The sorption of manganese (II) cations by a composite sorbent from model solutions under static conditions was studied, to determine the possibility of using this sorption material in wastewater treatment. The characteristics of the sorption capacity of the composite sorbent are determined. It was established that the static exchange capacity of the composite sorbent is 0.9 mg/g; distribution coefficient - 47.34 l/g; the degree of purification of the solution is 99.9%. The empirical sorption equations for the manganese (II) cation are found, the sorption isotherms are constructed. It is established that the sorption process is described by the Freundlich equation. Experiments have shown that the composite sorbent is effective in extracting manganese (II) from aqueous solutions. Experimental data suggest that the sorbent studied can be used to clean industrial wastewater from manganese compounds.
Finite Element Simulation of Cellular Structure Built from Orthogonal Cylindrical Struts
Authors: Loginov Yuriy N. , Stepanov Stepan I. , Mukanov G.Z.
Published: May 2020

The finite element simulation of compression test of a lattice structure, made of Ti-6-4, produced by additive technology, was implemented. The cellular material was designed from the intersecting cylindrical struts with the orthogonal arrangement of horizontal and vertical struts. The distribution of equivalent stresses was estimated. The most loaded were the struts, the axis of which was parallel to the axis of loading. The maximum equivalent stresses were observed at the junction of struts. The analysis of the cross-section of the struts revealed that equivalent stresses in the central regions of the struts were about 50% less than those on the surface.
Internal Stresses and their Sources in BCC and FCC Steels
Authors: Koneva N.A. , Popova Natalya A. , Nikonenko E.L.
Published: May 2020

The present work summarizes and presents separate results obtained by the authors when investigating mesoscopic and microscopic internal stresses formed under the conditions of thermal and mechanical treatment of martensitic, pearlitic and austenitic steels. Internal stresses were investigated using the method based on the analysis of bend extinction contours. The results obtained on industrial steels were presented. The sources were described and examples of internal stresses induced by these sources were given. The nature of bending-torsion of the crystal lattice depending on the averaging volume was determined. It has been shown that in martensitic steels along with the increase in the averaging volume (carbide particle → separate martensitic lath → martensite packet→ martensitic plate → grain) the amplitude of bending-torsion of the crystal lattice decreases. The nature of distortions also changes. At large amplitudes and low volumes of averaging they are completely or partly elastic, at large volumes of averaging they are completely plastic. Thereby, distortions are fully driven by the excess dislocation density.
Finite Difference Model of Temperature Fields in Linear Friction Welding
Authors: Medvedev A.U. , Galimov V.R. , Gatiyatullin I.M. , Murugova O.V.
Published: May 2020

The finite-difference model for calculating temperature fields in linear friction welding is described. A feature of the model is the heat transfer across the friction surface accounting, which makes it possible to study the case of welding parts with different physical and mechanical properties. Modelling results, obtained for combination of VT6 and VT8-1 titanium alloys welding, are described. An assessment of the temperature field and heat transfer during the parts from VT6 and VT8-1 welding is given.
Simulation of the Carbon Diffusion Saturation Gear from 15Cr2 Steel in the Cementation Process
Authors: Venediktov A.N. , Nekrasov R.Yu. , Kuzmin M.S. , Ilyashchenko D.P. , Deneko M.V.
Published: May 2020

The studies on cementation focus exclusively on the carbon’s movement. It is described by diffusion equations, often with constant coefficients and without regard to the liaising with temperature. It does not allow to have regard to the further carbon diffusion into the workpiece with the lower temperature range. The most accurate prediction of carbon concentration profiles depending on the parameters of the carburization regime and the chemical composition of steel is possible with the mathematical models using. However, most models show good results for Fe-C austenite without affecting the effect of alloying substitution elements. Taking into account the influence of alloying elements leads to complex empirical dependencies with difficult selected coefficients. It makes their use difficult. The study describes the simulation using the finite element method for the process of austenite’s diffusion saturation Fe-C-Cr system with carbon during cementation. Here is an example of a steel gear 15Cr2 with the temperature influence. The COMSOL Multiphysics program is used to solve the problem numerically. It is found that the model of carbon diffusion in unalloyed austenite for the single-stage cementation regime is in good contact with the experimental data for the Fe-C-Cr austenite of 15Cr2 steel. For a two-stage process, the calculation of the carbon concentration in the surface layer has a slightly greater deviation from the experimental data than it is at a greater depth.
Sports Medicine Staffing Across National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I, II, and III Schools: Evidence for the Medical Model
Authors: Baugh Christine M. , Kroshus Emily , Lanser Bailey L. , Lindley Tory R. , Meehan William P.
Published: May 2020

Context

The ratio of clinicians to patients has been associated with health outcomes in many medical contexts but has not been explored in collegiate sports medicine. The relationship between administrative and financial oversight models and staffing is also unknown.

Objective

To (1) evaluate staffing patterns in National Collegiate Athletic Association sports medicine programs and (2) investigate whether staffing was associated with the division of competition, Power 5 conference status, administrative reporting structure (medical or athletic department), or financial structure (medical or athletic department).

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Collegiate sports medicine programs.

Patients or Other Participants

Representatives of 325 universities.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A telephone survey was conducted during June and July 2015. Participants were asked questions regarding the presence and full-time equivalence of the health care providers on their sports medicine staff. The number of athletes per athletic trainer was determined.

Results

Responding sports medicine programs had 0.5 to 20 full-time equivalent staff athletic trainers (median = 4). Staff athletic trainers at participating schools cared for 21 to 525 athletes per clinician (median = 100). Both administrative and financial oversight from a medical department versus the athletics department was associated with improved staffing across multiple metrics. Staffing levels were associated with the division of competition; athletic trainers at Division I schools cared for fewer athletes than athletic trainers at Division II or III schools, on average. The support of graduate assistant and certified intern athletic trainers varied across the sample as did the contributions of nonphysician, nonathletic trainer health care providers.

Conclusions

In many health care settings, clinician : patient ratios are associated with patient health outcomes. We found systematic variations in clinician : patient ratios across National Collegiate Athletic Association divisions of competition and across medical versus athletics organizational models, raising the possibility that athletes' health outcomes vary across these contexts. Future researchers should evaluate the relationships between clinician : patient ratios and athletes' access to care, care provision, health care costs, health outcomes, and clinician job satisfaction.
Effects of a Positive Psychology-based Mental Health Promotion Program for High School Students
Authors: Hyun Myung Sun , Yun Mi-kyung , Chae Sun-Mi , Oh Hee Young , Jung Sun-Mi
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a positive psychology-based mental health promotion program for high school students. Methods: This study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 47 high school students participated from two high schools in Gyeonggi Province. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=24), which participated in the 8-session program, or to a control group (n=23). Psychological well-being, depression, and self-esteem were measured. Results: A significant difference in psychological well-being was observed between the two groups after the program. However, there were no significant between-group differences in depression or self-esteem. Conclusion: The positive psychology-based mental program was effective at increasing psychological well-being in adolescents, especially high school students. This study suggests that a school curriculum could incorporate positive psychology-based mental programs for high school students to promote their mental health.
The Influence of Maturity Fears and Appearance Interest on Self-concept among Lower-grade Elementary School Girls with Precocious Puberty
Authors: Nam Hyun-Jeong , Choi Mi-Young
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study explored the relationships of maturity fears and appearance interest(interest in appearance, interest in weight) with self-concept among girls with precocious puberty. Methods: The participants for this study were 120 elementary school students (8 to 10 years old) and their parents from two hospitals located in Chungcheong Province. Data were collected from January to February 2019 using self-reported questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows version 23.0. Results: Statistically significant negative correlations were found between self-concept and maturity fears (r=-.34, p<.001) and interest in weight (r=-.29, p=.001). Maturity fears were identified as a factor affecting the self-concept of girls with precocious puberty (β=-.34, p<.001). This variable explained 11.5% of the variance in the self-concept of girls who experienced precocious puberty. Conclusion: This study confirmed that maturity fears had a major influence on self-concept in girls with precocious puberty. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the development of a psychosocial nursing intervention program for girls who experience precocious puberty.
Structural Equation Modeling of Job Engagement in Pediatric Nurses Based on the Job Crafting Model
Authors: Kang Jung Mi , Cho Hun Ha
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The goal of this study was to construct a structural equation model of job engagement in pediatric nurses based on Tims and Bakker's job crafting model. Methods: In total, 203 pediatric nurses participated in this study, which was conducted to analyze the relationships among the concepts of job demands, job resources, person-job fit, job crafting and job engagement. Data were collected from July 24 to August 30, 2017, and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Six of the nine hypotheses selected for the hypothetical model were statistically significant. The job engagement model showed significant direct effects for job crafting, person-job fit and job resources, which collectively explained 61.5% of the variation in pediatric nurses' job engagement. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, a strategy will be needed to improve job resources and person-job fit in order to promote job engagement among pediatric nurses. Job crafting was affected by the factors of job resources and person-job fit, which should be addressed in job crafting promotion programs.
Stressors and Stress Responses of Unmarried Mothers Based on Betty Neuman's Systems Model: An Integrative Review
Authors: Kim Sungjae , Bang Kyung-Sook , Lee Gumhee , Lim Jihee , Jeong Yeseul , Song Min Kyung
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of variables in studies related to unmarried mothers (UMs) based on Neuman's systems model, and the stressors and stress responses of UMs. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl’s methodology for integrative reviews was applied. The literature was searched using five electronic databases (KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, NDSL, and RISS) and a total of 99 variables were collected from 15 studies published between 2009 and 2019. Results: The main stressors for UMs were a sense of loss and burden caused by childbirth and childrearing. The main stress responses were parenting stress and depression, respectively. Within the basic structure of variables related to UMs, self-esteem played a crucial role by helping UMs adapt to their situation. Meanwhile, social support of UMs was significantly correlated with parenting stress, depression, and self-esteem. Conclusion: In order to understand UMs' stress, is necessary to explore their sense of loss, burden, and self-esteem. Furthermore, it is important to assess the level of parenting stress and depression of UMs and to provide effective interventions to alleviate these stressors. The results of this study provide useful knowledge that can be applied to nursing assessment and interventions for stress management in UMs.
Perceptions of School Health Care among School-aged Children and Adolescents with Chronic Disease: An Integrative Review
Authors: Uhm Ju-Yeon , Choi Mi-Young
Published: May 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this integrative review was to synthesize previous research on perceptions of school health care among school-aged children and adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: This study was performed in accordance with Whittemore and Knafl's stages of an integrative review (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation of the results). Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science) were used to retrieve relevant articles. Results: Eighteen articles were included in this review. We identified five thematic categories: peer-related issues, a safe school environment, self-perception of an existing disease, self-management, and a supportive school environment. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a school health care system with a supportive environment for children and adolescents with chronic diseases.
Location of Ambulance Bases for the Attention of Traffic Accidents in Mexico City
Authors: Alarcón-Bernal Zaida E. , Aceves-García Ricardo , Rojas-Arce Jorge L.
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION: This paper studies the problem of choosing the location of motorcycle ambulance bases in Mexico City, seeking to have an eﬀective response to traﬃc accidents. In order to quickly attend the requirements of the attention of accidents, it is desirable to have as much infrastructure as possible. However, this implies high costs.OBJECTIVES: This document addresses the problem of locating ambulance bases and determining the number of emergency vehicles in order to respond eﬀectively to traﬃc accidents.METHODS: The problem considers criteria that imply two levels of decision that control the installation of the bases and the deployment of ambulances, respectively. The decision on the location leads the hierarchical process and decides the installation of bases considering the costs associated with the opening. Deployment of ambulances, which is the next in the decision process, is responsible for assigning the accidents that will be attended to by the units. With both decisions involved, we suggest a two-level program to model the problem. The model is solved through an algorithm based on the decomposition of Benders.RESULTS: We formulated the problem as a bi-level programming problem. The model was used to locate ambulance bases in Mexico City. In solving the model, We identiﬁed ﬁve bases to cover 95% of the city’s accidents.CONCLUSIONS: We developed a model to locate motorcycle ambulance bases and obtained a proposal for the allocation of services. We proposed a bi-level programming model that is a good approach to solving the problem since it considers two decisions that are made hierarchically. The goal was to minimize the total cost associated with installed bases and patient care.
The ecology of medical care in Switzerland: prevalence of illness in the community and healthcare utilisation in Switzerland
Authors: Giezendanner Stéphanie , Bretschneider Wiebke , Fischer Roland , Diaz Hernandez Laura , Zeller Andreas
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION
The allocation and equal distribution of healthcare resources is one of the major challenges of today. Therefore, a framework to analyse the prevalence of illness in the community and the use of various sources of healthcare is crucial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the health-seeking behaviour of 1025 individuals in Switzerland in a 2-month period in 2018.

METHODS
Population-based, cross-sectional health survey with a multistage, stratified cluster design. The LINK Institute interviewed a representative sample of the adult Swiss population (age ≥18 years, stratified by language region: German-, French- and Italian-speaking, 70, 25 and 5%, respectively) by telephone. There were two interview rounds to account for potential seasonal variations, in May (n = 506) and November 2018 (n = 516). The health-seeking behaviour of these individuals during the previous 2 months was analysed.

RESULTS
In total, data of 1025 individuals were analysed: 51% females, median age 52 years (range 18−85). During the preceding 2 months, per 1000 adults, 546 had at least one symptom, 184 reported several symptoms, 243 sought medical advice, 164 first contacted their general practitioner, 81 directly contacted a specialist in a private practice, 16 were self-admitted to an accident and emergency department, 17 firstly contacted a pharmacy and 6 contacted an alternative medicine healthcare provider. In total, 21 persons were admitted to a hospital, of whom 8 underwent surgical procedures, 18 were at first transferred to a regular ward and 3 required intensive care unit services. Because of their current health problem, 387 individuals took medication and 259 bought their medication themselves. The vast majority (95%) of subjects was registered with a general practitioner.

CONCLUSIONS
This study represented an attempt to map the healthcare utilisation of the Swiss population. These results may be useful for further delineation of healthcare policies and medical education to meet the demand and needs of people in Switzerland. They indicate that general practitioners are the most important healthcare resource in Switzerland. Compared with specialists, they provide twice as much health advice at less costs. To optimise the health care system in Switzerland, we suggest to allocate resources where they are most needed.
Design and function of a nitrogen and sediment removal system in a recirculating aquaculture system optimized for aquaponics
Authors: Supajaruwong Siriwanee , Satanwat Penpicha , Pungrasmi Wiboonluk , Powtongsook Sorawit
Published: May 2020

Aquaponic systems (APSs) are based upon the sustainable utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus from a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) as the nutrient source for plant production. Since the proper management of nitrogen and suspended solids are important for nutrient utilization efficiency, their optimization was evaluated. The RAS integrated with filtration unit and nitrifying biofilter provided complete nitrification without solid accumulation. Under the optimal treatment condition for 16 d, the treated water was low in ammonia (0 mg-N/L) and high in nitrate (> 6 mg-N/L) concentrations, which was appropriate for use in the cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The RAS was then incorporated with hydroponics at a 5:1 fish: plant weight ratio. Moreover, the simplified APS was compared with a typical APS system that incorporated filtration unit and nitrifying biofilter. The natural growth of nitrifying microorganisms in the simplified APS could perform complete nitrification after 20 d of operation giving low ammonia and nitrite concentrations. The nutrient removal efficiency of the simplified APS resembled the typical system. During the aquaponics, the hydroponic unit in the aquaculture system was sufficient to control the nutrient concentrations within the appropriate levels for fish cultivation, i.e. nitrate (< 20 mg-N/L) and phosphate (< 3 mg-P/L).
Lessons of Policing and Exclusion
Authors: Ferris Eric
Published: May 2020

While active shooter training in schools is socially framed as a necessary response to the perception that our educational institutions are inherently dangerous to our children, this paper provides an alternate read that hopefully leads to critical conversations about such training and practices. It situates active shooter training squarely in the ever-expanding culture of fear that has prompted the usurping of various freedoms in exchange for greater levels of security through institutional and intrapersonal policing. In framing episodes of violence as expected and expanding the possibility of who perpetrates violence to include everyone, active shooter training is able to construct a rational justification for furthering hypervigilance and exhaustive surveillance. At the same time, it can be argued that such inclusive and boundless understandings of violence, especially when considering related pedagogical messages in the context of schooling and students, constructs a reality in which trust in others is a casualty, that surveillance is not simply institutional but instead an individual reality in which people normatively monitor one another, and in general, where difference is the impetus for the construction of metaphorical walls. And while these have been the responses to danger present in the commodified and individualized social world, it is important to question whether both the means and ends are justified. If democratic interaction is understood as requiring, among other things, attention to difference and dialogue, can democracy, let alone the expansion of democratic possibilities, exist in a reality in which these things are feared and avoided? Can schools, as sites where democratic interactions can be practiced, carry out this vital function if these needs are viewed in contention with or even subordinate to safety, as defined as furthering fear, policing, and exclusion?
Industrial development as discursive change: A case of symbiotic learning
Authors: Garmann Johnsen Hans Christian
Published: May 2020

The Eyde Cluster is a network of companies at Agder seeking to enhance sustainabledevelopment through vocational training. A dialogical approach is taken to developing anew discourse, using principles of communicative organisational change. There isdiscussion of a more bottom up approach, in line with Workplace Innovation. The paperargues for balancing formal education and vocational training in a way that createssymbiotic learning.
Book review: Microcosmographia Academica: Being A Guide for the Young Academic Politician
Authors: Ennals Richard
Published: May 2020

F.M. CornfordBowes Bowes Cambridge 1908ISBN 0 370 00145 1
Reflecting on the Coping with the future conference
Authors: Garmann Johnsen Hans Christian
Published: May 2020

Reflecting on the Coping with the future conference
Worklife Ergonomics in Digital Co-Creation: The ‘What’, the ‘Why’ and the ‘How’
Authors: Garmann-Johnsen Niels F , Helmersen Migle , Eikebrokk Tom Roar
Published: May 2020

Service improvement (“servitisation”) and digitalisation are two megatrends that affect healthcare and public services along with other sectors in general. A new model is needed to prescribe how governance in an increasingly changing world of modern healthcare could be undertaken in a successful manner by embracing the power of Co-Creation. The concept of good worklife ergonomics is studied, both as a prerequisite, the ‘What’, and as a success factor in this context, the ‘Why’. This article proposes that the moderating, risk mitigating, factor of broadly based employee involvement in all phases from planning and design to implementation will greatly improve quality in both innovation-process, and outcomes. A case-study from a public homecare living lab eHealth-project in Norway is visited to highlight some of the challenges ahead. Having established that employee co-creation can contribute to successful digital transformation of healthcare services, the ‘How’ question is studied. The question of how to enable effective employee co-creation is under-researched. Employee participation in co-creation is stated as an important enabler of digitalisation and service improvements. The Nordic Model for employee participation has proven successful for enhancing working life effectiveness and innovation. This article propose that these principles of employee participation can be further enhanced by using web 2.0 technologies for Enterprise Social Networks. The article concludes with a discussion of consequences for the digital transformation of healthcare services as well as implications for research and practice.
Unleashing Workplace Innovation in Scotland
Authors: Totterdill Peter , Exton Rosemary
Published: May 2020

Amid the turbulent political and economic developments around the British departure from the European Union (Brexit), practical activities around Workplace Innovation have continued. The UK Work Organisation Network established Workplace Innovation Ltd, which is now based in Dublin as Workplace Innovation Europe. This short article describes the promising new programme of work on Workplace Innovation in Scotland, working with the support of the Scottish Government. In the uncertainty of the months and years ahead in the UK, Scotland can offer a lead which can be followed by the other regjons and nations of the United Kingdom.
Lærerstudenters dramatiske reise: Readers theatre og «En sporvogn til begjær»
Authors: Lervik Leif Magne
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the choice of Readers Theatre as a tool for teaching Tennessee Williams’ play A Streetcar Named Desire. While making references to relevant pedagogical theory, its main focus remains on the more practical experiences of teaching the play. A considerable part is devoted to the reflections I as a teacher went through while deciding the choice of this particular pedagogical method.
Scroll, Copy and Paste: Students of Spanish Searching for Information Online
Authors: Källermark Haya Lisa
Published: May 2020

The aim of this article is to study foreign language students’ agency when searching for specific information online in Spanish. The research questions ask: How do students surf the web when searching for specific information in a work session about Spanish speaking countries? What surfing choices are made?How are digital resources present in the students’ searching and learning process within their session?What do the digital resources used in this learning situation offer? A web-searching task was formed in cooperation with two Spanish teachers. Data collected and analyzed from the two students include screen cast recordings, prompted interviews and video film. Data was analyzed and discussed within the field of Designs for Learners, stressing the role of student agency. Some results show that the students ”look at” rather than ”read” the texts; the idea that they visit web sites comes to mind. They emphasize work product rather than work process, work fast, multitask and select/copy/paste. They often listen to music, look for headlines rather than to use web site menus and find it difficult to evaluate sources. They choose various sources such as text sites, Wikipedia, image banks or travel agency sites in different languages. Other resources used were translation and vocabulary services, quick commands, copy and paste. They do not use the teacher or any non-digital resources. Key words: student agency, information searching, foreign language studies
Feedback practices in English in Norwegian upper secondary schools
Authors: Horverak May Olaug
Published: May 2020

The trends that we see both in official guidelines and school practices demonstrate a shift towards formative assessment strategies with an emphasis on feed-forward comments to the students. How this is carried out in schools varies, and the material in this study shows signs of changing evaluation practices in English instruction. One of the changes is an increased tendency to use process-oriented approaches to feedback, in which the students work through a draft several times before handing in a final product. Much of what is commented on in the feedback focuses on how ideas are organised and how the text is structured. Though process writing is a familiar concept from first language writing instruction, the specific focus on genre requirements in the feedback process makes this a somewhat different type of process-writing, similar to what we find in the genre-pedagogy tradition developed in Australia. The English teachers in this study who report working in this way combine process-writing with explicit instruction in genre requirements. This study explores current feedback practices, and illustrates how process-oriented feedback practices may be combined with writing instruction in a genre-pedagogy approach to writing to support students’ writing.
Fostering multilingual competence in the EFL classroom
Authors: Abney Susan , Krulatz Anna
Published: May 2020

As classrooms around Europe are becoming increasingly more linguistically and culturally diverse, teachers need to adapt their teaching to accommodate minority languages students. While developing their proficiency in the language of the target community, these students almost invariably receive instruction in English as a foreign language (EFL). Recognizing the important role EFL teachers play in the overall cognitive and linguistic development of minority students, this paper discusses the following pedagogical practices for the 21st century, diverse EFL classrooms: welcoming diversity, multimodality of input, funds of knowledge, clear goals, opportunities for interaction, integrating language with compelling content, facilitating multi-literacy, and differentiating instruction and assessment. By providing both theoretical support and practical tips, the paper aims to empower EFL teachers to foster linguistically and culturally rich environments and support their students’ multilingual development.
Visual Representations of Indigenous Cultures in Norwegian EFL Textbooks
Authors: Waallann Brown Cecilie , Habegger-Conti Jena L.
Published: May 2020

This article presents a summary of research conducted on the visual representation of indigenous cultures in four English textbooks produced for lower secondary schools with the aim of investigating the extent to which images of indigenous people contribute to, or contradict, the general cultural aims of the English language learning curriculum in Norway. Over 800 textbook images were analyzed using the methods of visual content analysis and semiotic image analysis. A qualitative analysis of two photomontages also provides a more holistic approach to the study and helps to more clearly explain the quantitative results. The results from the research show a strong trend to focus on traditional aspects of indigenous people, a tendency to represent indigenous people in a lower position of power than the viewer, and to distance the viewer. Comparatively, the images of white people more frequently invite the viewer to interact and empathize with the participants. Consequently, the research concludes that the images in the four EFL textbooks analyzed are, to a large degree, potential carries of ideologies in direct contradiction to the general cultural aims of English language learning in Norway. The implications of these findings are that images and how they position readers should be a part of EFL teaching.
Lyrics and language awareness
Authors: Werner Valentin
Published: May 2020

Commercially successful pop lyrics are an important part of students’ lives, represent authentic language material, are easily accessible, and may thus constitute a helpful starting point for various aspects of foreign language education. Despite this, they seem to be underexploited,especially when topics such as grammar instruction are tackled. This may be due to their (traditionally ascribed) “low culture” status and the undesired presence of allegedly ungrammatical content, notably in terms of non-standard features. Based on a corpus of c. 550,000 words, this paper will present an analysis of the salience of such features in Englishpop lyrics. The results suggest that the material studied actually features a rich array of nonstandard grammatical phenomena, such as multiple negation, ain’t as auxiliary, me instead of I, copula deletion, etc. (as commonly proscribed in English language education). From a  pedagogical perspective, it is therefore argued that using lyrics in the classroom may offer students a welcome opportunity to engage with various types of grammaticality, introducing them to authentic language in a naturalistic way. More specific issues to be addressed with the eventual aim of raising students’ language awareness through working with pop lyrics are that assessments of grammaticality are (i) very much context-dependent, for instance in terms of acceptability of certain structures and variants in different registers (e.g. lyrics vs. conversation vs. formal writing) and (ii) may also differ across varieties of English represented in the lyrics (e.g. various British dialects and sociolects, African American English as represented in rap, Jamaican Creoleas represented in reggae, etc.).
Baustein West und Bauplan Ost. Zur politischen: Transformation jugendkultureller Stile in der DDR
Authors: Rauhut Michael
Published: May 2020

Within different political systems, youth cultures use similar symbols and styles which are charged with distinct and specific meaning. In the German Democratic Republic, the socialist part of Germany, youth cultures were identified as being a political threat. They created space for communication that was in sharp contrast to the propagandistic ideal of the so-called „socialist personality“ and hardly to control by the state. Based on the example of the hippie phenomenon in the East, the essay explains the way global youth cultures had been differentiated culturally and loaded with political sense under the circumstances of socialism
Direito homoafetivo como tema transversal no novo ensino jurídico superior
Authors: Belchior Germana Parente Neiva , Oliveira Marcos Heleno Lopes
Published: May 2020

Qual a relevância e a viabilidade da inclusão do Direito Homoafetivo como tema transversal nas disciplinas ministradas no curso de graduação em Direito, conforme as novas diretrizes curriculares estabelecidas pela Resolução CES/CNE 5/2018? A homoafetividade, a diversidade sexual e a identidade de gênero são características resultantes da forma plural de se manifestar da sexualidade humana e possuem reflexos no sistema jurídico normatizador da vida em sociedade, independentemente do ramo do Direito. Assim sendo, existe a necessidade do estudo transversal na graduação em Direito das questões jurídicas relacionadas à homoafetividade, uma vez que essas questões são realidade social vinculada às mais diversas áreas de atuação da ciência jurídica. As ferramentas disponibilizadas pela Resolução CES/CNE 5/2018 viabilizam o aprendizado dos assuntos ligados às minorias sexuais, por meio da conexão dinâmica desses temas com as diversas disciplinas da grade curricular da graduação em Direito. A perspectiva metodológica escolhida tem por base o pensamento complexo. Há a prevalência de resultados sistêmicos, privilegiando a inter e a transdisciplinaridade dos ramos do Direito e das demais áreas do conhecimento humano. Com base na doutrina, na jurisprudência e no sistema legislativo, o trabalho revela a função transdisciplinar do Direito Homoafetivo na graduação em Direito, enquanto tema transversal, e sua contribuição para a formação de competências necessárias à vida acadêmica, profissional e familiar do jurista contemporâneo, fortalecendo a tolerância e o respeito na sociedade.
Secular change in atmospheric Ar/N2 and its implications for ocean heat uptake and Brewer-Dobson circulation
Authors: Ishidoya Shigeyuki , Sugawara Satoshi , Tohjima Yasunori , Goto Daisuke , Ishijima Kentaro , Niwa Yosuke , Aoki Nobuyuki , Murayama Shohei
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Systematic measurements of the atmospheric Ar/N2 ratio have been made at ground-based stations in Japan and Antarctica since 2012. Clear seasonal cycles of the Ar/N2 ratio with summertime maxima were found at middle to high latitude stations, with seasonal amplitudes increasing with increasing latitude. Eight years of the observed Ar/N2 ratio at Tsukuba and Hateruma, Japan showed not only secular increasing trends, but also interannual variations in phase with the observed variations in the global ocean heat content (OHC). The observed secular trend of the Ar/N2 ratio was 0.75±0.30 per meg yr-1. Sensitivity test by using a 2-dimensional model with the Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) scenarios indicated the possibility of the secular trend in the surface Ar/N2 ratio being modified significantly by the gravitational separation in the stratosphere. The secular trend of the Ar/N2 ratio, corrected for gravitational separation under the assumption of weakening of BDC simulated by the 2D model, was 0.60±0.30 per meg yr-1. By using a conversion factor of 3.5x10-23 per meg J-1 by assuming a 1-box ocean with a temperature of 3.5 °C, then an average OHC increase rate of 17.1±8.6 ZJ yr-1 for the period 2012–2019 was estimated from the corrected secular trend of the Ar/N2 ratio. This value is consistent with 12.2±1.2 ZJ yr-1 reported by ocean temperature measurements. The effect of the actual atmospheric circulation on the Ar/N2 ratio is still unclear, however the analytical results obtained in the present study imply that the surface Ar/N2 ratio is an important tracer for detecting spatiotemporally-integrated changes in OHC and BDC.
Reappraising the appropriate calculation of a common
meteorological quantity: Potential Temperature
Authors: Baumgartner Manuel , Weigel Ralf , Achatz Ulrich , Harvey Allan H. , Spichtinger Peter
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The potential temperature is a widely used quantity in atmospheric science since it is conserved for air's adiabatic changes of state. Its definition involves the specific heat capacity of dry air, which is traditionally assumed as constant. However, the literature provides different values of this allegedly constant parameter, which are reviewed and discussed in this study. Furthermore, we derive the potential temperature for a temperature-dependent parameterization of the specific heat capacity of dry air, thus providing a new reference potential temperature with a more rigorous basis. This new reference shows different values and vertical gradients in the upper troposphere and the stratosphere compared to the potential temperature that assumes constant heat capacity. The application of the new reference potential temperature to the prediction of gravity wave breaking altitudes reveals that the predicted wave breaking height may depend on the definition of the potential temperature used.