bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Ejercicio Profesional Supervisado como método de evaluación final en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Authors: Escalante Pérez Ana Lorena
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza el Ejercicio Profesional Supervisado ̶ EPS, para estudiantes de contaduría pública, administración de empresas y economía, impartidas por la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la USAC. Al realizar el análisis, se detectó que influyen elementos generadores de diversos problemas, situación que se ve reflejada en la deserción y repitencia en un promedio del 46% de estudiantes inscritos en el EPS, según historial de los últimos diez años. (Ejercicio Profesional Supervisado, 2017) Los principales resultados de la investigación es la baja formación docente, cobertura parcial de mobiliario y equipo, limitadas opciones de graduación y desactualización de estudiantes con largos períodos de ausencia universitaria. El método general de investigación utilizado fue el científico, se aplicó el análisis y la síntesis. Se realizó investigación mixta al combinar datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. La primera basada en el post positivismo y la segunda en la teoría fundamentada. (Strauss & Corbin, 2002) En la investigación se determinó que de los 414 inscritos hay 220 estudiantes que ingresaron al EPS en el primer semestre del año 2017,con 9 a 41 años de antigüedad dentro de la carrera, la situación reflejó que estos se encontraron desactualizados con relación a los requerimientos del programa. En la encuesta realizada a docentes estos afirmaron que no han podido asistir a las capacitaciones por el factor tiempo. Otra de las debilidades detectadas fueron las limitadas opciones para graduación a las que tiene acceso el estudiante.
La reingeniería para mejorar el desempeño del recurso humano
Authors: Esquivel Andrade Margareth
Published: September 2019

Realizar reingeniería es de gran importancia, más aún cuando el enfoque está puesto en el desempeño del recurso humano, pues desde siempre ha sido la clave para el desarrollo de la organización. La investigación que se presenta es del tipo bibliográfica descriptiva, la cual incluye argumentos y diversos puntos de vista de expertos, que desde la década de los 90, han dado a conocer sus aportes en cuanto a la aplicación de la reingeniería. Por ejemplo, Delgado, presenta un concepto muy claro de reingeniería, que consiste en empezar desde cero, Chiavenato, quien es uno de los autores más conocidos, menciona la innovación a través de la reingeniería para mantener a las organizaciones a la vanguardia, Juárez por otro lado considera que no se deben olvidar considerar al momento de hacer reingeniería, los esquemas actuales de alta productividad los cuales deberían ser acordes con los salarios. Las jornadas de trabajo son demasiado amplias y reducen el tiempo para la vida personal, ya que la mayoría acepta jornadas extraordinarias buscando obtener ingresos adicionales. Tomando en consideración las opiniones de algunos expertos con respecto a la reingeniería y los cambios que a través de ella se puedan aplicar en el desempeño de los colaboradores.
La matanza de los patos: análisis de la memoria histórica en la reconstrucción de escenarios de masacres durante el conflicto armado interno en Guatemala
Authors: Paniagua Walter
Published: September 2019

Entre las narraciones relacionadas al conflicto armado en la región tz’utujil sobresale un hecho denominado por los pobladores como la masacre de los patos. Esta ponencia articula tres fuentes de información que reconstruyen los hechos ocurridos el 7 de enero del año de 1981 en la finca San Isidro Chacayá, a decir, testimonios de familiares de víctimas, archivos fenecidos del Organismo Judicial y el caso ilustrativo 11 de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico. La metodología empleada fue cualitativa y, a través de la investigación documental en los Archivos Regional de Tribunales de Quetzaltenango, se localizaron dos expedientes relacionados con la masacre. Se empleó el análisis crítico de fuentes como estrategia de interpretación para los expedientes judiciales para crear una narrativa que evidencie lo acontecido en la masacre, desde la lógica estatal a través del contenido de los archivos. Por otro lado, se realizaron cinco entrevistas con familiares de personas que murieron en este caso y se contrastó las narraciones con la información de archivo. Entre los hallazgos se evidencia la lógica empleada por el ejército para que el hecho no fuera reportado al Estado y la diseminación de cadáveres en lugares alejados de la jurisdicción de Santiago Atitlán.
La paz como concepto una aproximación a la construcción y uso por parte del poder Ejecutivo costarricense entre 1979 - 1990
Authors: Astorga Sánchez Leonardo
Published: September 2019

El objetivo es analizar la construcción, por parte del poder ejecutivo de Costa Rica (especialmente en la figura del presidente de la república), del concepto de paz, entre los años que van de 1979 a 1990. Al historizar la trayectoria del concepto, en los diferentes discursos expresados por los presidentes Rodrigo Carazo, Luis Alberto Monge y Oscar Arias Sánchez, se espera poder tener una visión de cómo la paz fue instrumentalizada y usada con el fin de establecer una visión de mundo en donde Costa Rica se presentaba como una ventana democrática en un contexto de violencia en Centroamérica, dentro del marco de la Guerra Fría. Con ello también se espera poder identificar la construcción de una identidad nacional, propia de Costa Rica, en donde paz se ligaba a otros elementos que buscaban resaltar la tradición civilista del país. Teórica y metodológicamente la ponencia se apoya en los planteamientos de la Historia de los Conceptos, el Análisis Crítico del Discurso y el Análisis de Contenido, al utilizarlos se espera tener una mejor comprensión de cómo los conceptos permiten guardar y retener experiencias, incluso cuando estas ya ha desaparecido.
Una aproximación a la irrupción de bienes modernizantes en Costa Rica: 1953 - 1984
Authors: Moreno Vargas María Daniela
Published: September 2019

El proyecto estudia el impacto sociocultural que produjo: la aparición de la sociedad salarial y la influencia cultural extranjera especialmente la estadounidense en el auge del consumo de bienes modernos (vestimenta extranjera, alimentos procesados y electrodomésticos) con el objetivo de describir el surgimiento de nuevos modos de vida y roles de género en Costa Rica entre 1953-1984 es decir durante el Estado benefactor, período en el cual la sociedad costarricense se tornaba cada vez más cosmopolita, imbuida por la cultura de masas proveniente de países desarrollados principalmente de los Estados Unidos. En lo que respecta a la delimitación espacial la propuesta se concentra en las zonas urbanas de Costa Rica, sin embargo la influencia cultural y económica foránea ubica la investigación también en el ámbito global. Por último, vale la pena mencionar que la construcción de este proyecto de tesis es valioso porque mostrará el consumo más allá de un fenómeno meramente económico al incorporarle aspectos sociales y culturales asociados. Dentro de los autores que comparten la perspectiva anterior está el historiador Arnold Bauer para quien el consumo es un mecanismo de construcción de identidad y relaciones sociales en otras palabras es un medio de creación de significados a través de rituales que se cristalizan al consumir bienes.
La dificultad de la aceptación social de un delito de lesa humanidad Genocide
Authors: Valdez Angel
Published: September 2019

El juicio por el genocidio del pueblo Ixil contra Efraín Rios Mont, ex presidente de facto de la República de Guatemala, despertó tantas pasiones que es imposible hacer un análisis del mismo, sin caer en uno u el otro bando. Estan visceral que si el tema sale en una conversación la misma se transforma en una barra de pelea, aún si los interlocutores están de acuerdo en su postura, siempre esa charla terminará mal, porque encrespa a sus participantes y rompe la armonía que se tenía previo a que apareciera como tema de discusión sobre la mesa. La prensa en general y las y los comentaristas en particular, han logrado que se instale en el ideario de la opinión pública la idea que gracias al ejército Guatemala se liberó del comunismo, esto como herencia del discurso acuñado en la contrarrevolución de1954, por lo que sus adherentes son la inmensa mayoría de la población y pocas voces críticas señalan esta particularidad de la sociedad guatemalteca, pero al analizar lo que sucede en la opinión pública con el tema del juicio por genocidio, salen a la luz estas tendencias que acaparan el ambiente en todas las clases sociales, aún en los pueblos no ladinos que se dividen por la influencia de la cultura dominante y aspiran a equipararse como tal.
Caracterización de pacientes con hijos diagnosticados con malformaciones congénitas
Authors: Aguilar Aroche Glida Roosemary
Published: September 2019

Las malformaciones congénitas son patologías que se producen en etapas embrionario-fetales, pudiendo ser defectos estructurales o funcionales, teniendo un sin número de posibles causas que abarcan desde genéticas, físicas, o incluso ambiental. Es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo el cual caracterizó a 230 pacientes con hijos diagnosticados con malformaciones congénitas ingresadas en el Hospital Nacional de Chiquimula. Se logró comprobar que el grupo etario predominante fueron las comprendidas entre 23 a 32 años con un 43% (98) de los casos. La ocupación predominante fue la de ama de casa con un 97% (224), en cuanto a la escolaridad, el 60% era analfabeta (138). El 100% no poseía antecedentes de malformaciones congénitas (230). El 5% presentaba hipertensión arterial crónica (12), el 1% presentaba diabetes mellitus II, síndrome asmático y síndrome convulsivo (3). El 7% afirmó haber consumido medicamentos durante el embarazo, (IECAS, Metformina, Ácido Valproico, y Salbutamol) (15). El 70% afirmó haber llevado un adecuado control prenatal (160), el 97% no se realizó ningún ultrasonido obstétrico (223), el 62% afirmó consumir suplementación vitamínica durante el embarazo haciendo la consideración que la mayor parte las consumió durante el último trimestre (143). El 77% afirmó no haber tenido abortos (177). La malformación congénita predominante fue hidrocefalia con un 16% (40) seguido de mielomeningocele correspondiendo a un 14% (36).
Caracterización de pacientes con fracturas producidas por proyectil de arma de fuego
Authors: Figueroa Chang Welner Guillermo
Published: September 2019

Las fracturas producidas por proyectil de arma de fuego son definidas como lesiones óseas de alta energía con destrucción de tejidos blandos y alto grado de contaminación, según clasificación de fracturas expuestas; pueden llegar a provocar complicaciones como discapacidades temporales o permanentes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo que caracterizó clínica y epidemiológicamente a 82 pacientes con fracturas producidas por proyectil de arma de fuego en el Hospital Regional de Zacapa, durante enero de 2013 a diciembre de 2017. Los años con mayor frecuencia de casos fueron en 2016 y 2017 en 26% y 27%, respectivamente. El género masculino predominó en 89%, en edades de 19-40 años en 70%, refirieron ser comerciantes en 26%, procedentes del municipio de Zacapa en 46%, la principal circunstancia fue enfrentamiento de personas con armas de fuego en 32% y horarios de 18:01-24:00 en 54% de casos. Predominó el tipo de lesión en miembros inferiores en 56%, con mayor frecuencia en fracturas de fémuren 20%, el tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó en el 90% de casos y se presentó complicaciones en 37%, donde por el tipo de fractura y complicaciones fueron incapacitados para trabajar por más de un mes el 54% y permanentemente el 2%, según el Congreso de la República de Guatemala. Estos datos podrían atribuir que el sexo masculino en estas edades se expone a trabajos ocasionalmente en horarios nocturnos y podrían necesitar utilizar armas de fuego como defensa o de ataque, además, de ser víctimas de asaltos, violencia o balas perdidas.
El Ejercicio Profesional Supervisado como método de evaluación final en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas
Authors: Escalante Pérez Ana Lorena
Published: September 2019

El artículo resume la metodología utilizada en una investigación mixta explicativa secuencial (cualitativa-cuantitativa, con preponderancia cuantitativa), sobre el tema “El Ejercicio Profesional Supervisado EPS como método de evaluación final, en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala”, basada en Cook & Reichardt (2005:28), se utilizó el modelo cuantitativo, donde se obtuvo una concepción global positivista hipotético deductivo y con el modelo cualitativo se postuló a una concepción global fenomenológica, inductiva estructuralista, subjetiva, orientada al proceso propio de la antropología social. En la metodología cuantitativa se utilizó el neopositivismo del Círculo de Viena y para la cualitativa basada en la teoría fundamentada de Glaser y Strauss, para realizar una combinación de datos que dieron soporte científico a la investigación efectuada. Las ventajas que ofreció el método mixto fue lograr una perspectiva amplia y profunda en el desarrollo del estudio sobre el EPS, debido a que se utilizaron variables cuantitativas y cualitativas, se adaptó esta metodología al trabajo de investigación debido a que se han realizado observaciones con procedimientos de valorización, se utilizaron frecuencias, se presentaron y analizaron datos estadísticos, se recopiló información con censos, encuestas y entrevistas por saturación, observaciones directas y algunas experiencias de vida narradas por el grupo de estudiantes, por los profesores y algunos expertos, al obtener así información que le dio profundidad y soporte al estudio.
Incidencia de la psicología en el planeamiento de la educación andragógica
Authors: Chicas Sánchez Regina Gabriela
Published: September 2019

Se conoce como planificación generalmente en países de habla hispana, pero en el sentido más universal, implica tener uno o varios objetivos en común, junto con las acciones necesarias para concluir con éxito. Otras definiciones, más precisas, incluyen la planificación como un proceso de toma de decisiones para alcanzar un futuro deseado, teniendo en cuenta la situación actual y los factores internos y externos que pueden influir en el logro de los objetivos, pasando de lo más simple a lo complejo, dependiendo de el medio a aplicar. La acción de planificación en la gestión se refiere a los planes y proyectos en sus diferentes áreas, niveles y actitudes. Se entiende por planificación y sus sinónimos, a cualquier actividad previamente programada para su realización o aplicación, siendo un proceso de suma importancia en todos los procesos de la vida, para obtener resultados positivos y lograr el éxito en el futuro. El objetivo del ensayo es analizar la importancia de la planificación, tanto en el campo universal como en el educativo.
Translating Fundamental Science of Acupuncture into Clinical Practice
Authors: Yeh Hsiao-hsien , Huang Jinchang
Published: September 2019

The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) organized a 2-day workshop “Translating Fundamental Science of Acupuncture into Clinical Practice,” at the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, from February 11-12, 2019. The workshop focused on 1) specific effect of the acupuncture intervention: neural mechanism and pathways, 2) non-specific effect of the acupuncture intervention, and 3) overcome the barriers of clinical research of acupuncture. Here we summarize the brief information on this workshop.
Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione
Authors: Pem Barbara , Pongrac Igor M , Ulm Lea , Pavičić Ivan , Vrček Valerije , Domazet Jurašin Darija , Ljubojević Marija , Krivohlavek Adela , Vinković Vrček Ivana
Published: September 2019

This study was designed to evaluate the nano–bio interactions between endogenous biothiols (cysteine and glutathione) with biomedically relevant, metallic nanoparticles (silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)), in order to assess the biocompatibility and fate of nanoparticles in biological systems. A systematic and comprehensive analysis revealed that the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs in the presence of biothiols leads to nanoparticles stabilized with oxidized forms of biothiols. Their safety was tested by evaluation of cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis induction and DNA damage in murine fibroblast cells (L929), while ecotoxicity was tested using the aquatic model organismDaphnia magna. The toxicity of these nanoparticles was considerably lower compared to their ionic metal forms (i.e., Ag+and Au3+). The comparison with data published on polymer-coated nanoparticles evidenced that surface modification with biothiols made them safer for the biological environment. In vitro evaluation on human cells demonstrated that the toxicity of AgNPs and AuNPs prepared in the presence of cysteine was similar to the polymer-based nanoparticles with the same core material, while the use of glutathione for nanoparticle stabilization was considerably less toxic. These results represent a significant contribution to understanding the role of biothiols on the fate and behavior of metal-based nanomaterials.
Controlled Release of Doxorubicin from pH-responsive Cockle Shell-derived Nanoparticle and its Pharmacokinetics in Dogs
Authors: Danmaigoro Abubakar , Selvarajah Gayathri Thevi , Mohd Noor Mohd Hezmee , Mahmud Rozi , How Wun Chee , Hamidu Ahmed , Abu Bakar Zuki
Published: September 2019

Stimuli-responsive cockleshell derived nanocarrier (CSNP) have huge potential in drug targeted delivery. They can be employed for targeted site-specific drug delivery due to its responsive nature to stimuli such as change in pH which minimizing its systemic off-targeted effect to due to excessive releases of doxorubicin. We use a simple top-down method to synthesis CSNP carrier from biological waste of cockleshell, which were negatively charged with higher loading capacity when conjugated with DOX. This study is aimed at demonstrating the in vitro release mechanism of DOX from CSNP under the influence of change in pH and to develop a bioanalytical method for pharmacokinetics of the synthesized CSNP-DOX in dogs. Apart from drug release kinetic of CSNP evaluation, a high-performance liquid chromatography bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the pharmacokinetics of CSNP-DOX determination. Six dogs were divided into two groups to receive CSNP-DOX and free DOX 30 mg/m2 i.v respectively. At predetermined time interval, blood was sampled and processed for DOX concentration. The CSNP-DOX with high encapsulation efficiency and a mean diameter of 34.0 ± 3.4 nm was used. The in vitro release profiles demonstrated by DOX release from CSNP-DOX-loaded were pH dependent in nature which follows a Higuchi mathematical model equation. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined with an excellent bioanalytical method having high extraction yield and linearity of 89.87% and 0.997. CSNP-DOX increases the t1/2 and AUC0-t of DOX as compared to dogs given free DOX. Our data further reveal a sustained release of DOX from CSNP under the influence of change in pH. However, we developed a rapid bioanalytical method for cumula al model. Based on these novel results, CSNP reveal to have promising ability to prolong release of DOX in circulation which tends to reduce cytotoxic DOX release quantification which was further expressed on kinetic mathematic
A simple STAR Element Repetitive-PCR (SER-PCR) typing method for the rapid characterization of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Al-Zahrani Ibrahim A
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus repeat (STAR) elements are abundant repeat sequences that are highly variable in numbers and locations within the genome of S. aureus. The evolutionary variation of these repeats occurs rapidly over time and may correlate with their evolutionary lineage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze STAR elements to develop a simple PCR-based typing technique that can be used routinely in clinical laboratories.

Methodology: The genomes of 10 reference strains of S. aureus were analyzed to identify the number and location of STAR elements. One pair of PCR primers was designed to target the variable region of these elements. The designed primers were first evaluated against 13 well-known reference strains of S. aureus and eventually evaluated against 40 well-characterized clinical isolates.

Results: STAR element repetitive-PCR (SER-PCR) showed good typeability with acceptable discriminatory power against the reference and clinical strains. The new method clearly differentiated between community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) and hospital-associated (HA-MRSA) strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the SER-PCR patterns and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data showed good correlation between the two methods.

Conclusions: This study provides a simple genotyping method for S. aureus based on the variation of the amplicon size of a single set of primers and rapidly extracted DNA. The method is rapid with acceptable discriminatory power and does not require a sophisticated apparatus or special expertise. The results suggest that SER-PCR could be routinely useful in any clinical microbiology laboratory, particularly in developing countries.
A maximal function characterisation of absolutely continuous measures and Sobolev functions
Authors: Bruè Elia , Nguyen Quoc-Hung , Stefani Giorgio
Published: September 2019

In this note, we give a new characterisation of Sobolev

W^{1,1}

functions among

B

V functions via Hardy–Littlewood maximal function. Exploiting some ideas coming from the proof of this result, we are also able to give a new characterisation of absolutely continuous measures via a weakened version of Hardy–Littlewood maximal function. Finally, we show that the approach adopted in [3, 8] to establish existence and uniqueness of regular Lagrangian flows associated to Sobolev vector fields cannot be further extended to the case of

BV

vector fields.
On a new necessary condition in the Calculus of Variations for Lagrangians that are highly discontinuous in the state and velocity
Authors: Bettiol Piernicola , Mariconda Carlo
Published: September 2019

We consider a local minimizer, in the sense of the

W^{1,1}

norm, of the classical problem of the calculus of variations

\begin{cases} \text{Minimize}\quad &\displaystyle I(x):=\int_a^b\Lambda(t,x(t), x'(t))\,dt+\Psi(x(a), x(b))\\ \text{subject to:} &x\in W^{1,1}([a,b];\mathbb R^n),\\ &x'(t)\in C\,\text{ a.e., } \,x(t)\in \Sigma\quad\forall t\in [a,b].\\ \end{cases}\tag{P}

where

\Lambda:[a,b]\times\mathbb R^n\times\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R\cup\{+\infty\}

is just Borel measurable,

C

is a cone,

\Sigma

is a nonempty subset of

\mathbb R^n

and

\Psi

is an arbitrary extended valued function: this allows to cover any kind of endpoint constraints. We do not assume further assumptions than Borel measurability and a local Lipschitz condition on

\Lambda

with respect to

t

, allowing

\Lambda(t,x,\xi)

to be possibly discontinuous, nonconvex in

x

or

\xi

. This article reconsiders the results obtained in two recent papers by the authors: we refer to [5, 4] for further details and proofs. Consider a local minimizer

x_*

, in the sense of the norm of the absolutely continuous functions. We illustrate a new necessary condition: there exists an absolutely continuous function

p

such that, for almost every

t

in

[a,b]

,

\Lambda \Big(t, x_*(t),\dfrac{x_*'(t)}{v}\Big)-\Lambda (t, x_*(t), x_*'(t))\ge p(t)(v-1)\quad\forall v > 0,\tag{W}

and moreover,

p'

belongs to a suitable generalized subdifferential of

s\mapsto\Lambda (s, x_*(t), x_*'(t))

at

s=t

. The proof of (W) takes full advantage of a classical reparametrization technique, and of recent versions of the maximum principle. The variational inequality turns out to be equivalent to a generalized Erdmann–Du Bois-Reymond (EDBR) type necessary condition, that we are able to express in terms of the classical tools of convex analysis (e.g. convex subdifferentials): in the
autonomous
, real valued case it holds true for
every
Borel Lagrangian. More regularity is required to reformulate the (EDBR) condition in terms of the limiting subdifferential.

From (W) we deduce the Lipschitz regularity of the local minimizers for (P) if the Lagrangian satisfies a growth condition, less restrictive than superlinearity, inspired by those introduced in [8, 17]. In the
autonomous
case the result implies the most general Lipschitz regularity theorem present in the literature, for Lagrangians that are just Borel, and is new in the case of an extended valued Lagrangian.
Neural Network Modeling for Face Milling Operation
Authors: Sureshkumar B. , Vijayan V. , Dinesh S. , Rajaguru K.
Published: September 2019

Milling operation is one of the important manufacturing processes in production industry. Study and analysis of milling process parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut are important for process planning engineers. The responses are temperature, surface roughness, machining time, feed force, thrust force and cutting force. The main aim of this study is to find out the effects of these parameters in face milling operation on Monel k 400 work piece materials with tungsten carbide insert. The theoretical investigation is carried out with neural network modelling and the 3-1-6 structure neural network models are considered. Developed neural network models show best agreement with experimental values. For same type of operation, result of these experiments shall be useful for future research purpose.
Desenvolvimento em cardiopatas congênitos
Authors: Silva Isis Ataide da , Campos Fabíola Leonir Moreira , Nascimento Márcia Helena Machado , Cruz Maria de Nazaré da Silva
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Analisar o conhecimento do enfermeiro no que tange ao processo de avaliação e intervenção para o incremento do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor (DNM) em recém-nascidos (RN’s) cardiopatas congênitos. Método: O estudo foi do tipo exploratório descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, no qual, através da aplicação de um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada, foram levantados dados condizentes com a temática, partindo-se de instrumento com 5 questionamentos. Os dados foram tratados mediante a análise de conteúdo enunciada por Bardin. Resultados: O discurso enfatizado pelas enfermeiras, possibilitou a emersão das categorias: Desenvolvimento Neuropsicomotor, Dor no Neonato, Comportamento Neonatal, Equipe Multiprofissional e Hiperestimulação Ambiental. Os discursos nos fazem crer que os processos avaliativos e interventivos, no que tange ao incremento do DNM, são aplicados na rotina hospitalar, porém, sem o devido embasamento científico que os justifique. Considerações finais: Entendemos que, apesar de diversos conhecimentos terem sido citados no decorrer do estudo, uma política de aperfeiçoamento da prática de cuidado deve ser estabelecida, para que novas técnicas avaliativas e interventivas sejam instituídas no cuidado diário com o RN cardiopata congênito.
A universidade para a indústria do futuro
Authors: Porath Mauricio De Campos , Travassos Júnior Xisto Lucas , Tilp Jonas
Published: September 2019

Na última década, a indústria mundial tem passado por rápidas e profundas mudanças induzidas pela introdução de novas tecnologias digitais. Essa mudança de paradigma é denominada quarta revolução industrial ou “Indústria 4.0”. Os impactos dessas mudanças nas relações de trabalho e no sistema de educação são inevitáveis. O 1º Workshop Internacional: A Universidade para a Indústria do Futuro – U4i 2018 objetivou promover o debate acerca da relação universidade-indústria frente à quarta revolução industrial. O U4i 2018 contou com participantes da universidade e de empresas. O evento incluiu uma atividade denominada World Café, na qual os participantes buscaram respostas a seis questões pertinentes ao tema do evento. Este artigo objetiva apresentar os resultados das discussões realizadas no âmbito dessa atividade. Os participantes destacaram a necessidade de se melhorar a comunicação e a integração e de se aumentar a agilidade nas relações universidade-indústria. Também ressaltou-se que os empresários precisam conscientizar-se de que devem assumir uma postura mais proativa e arrojada frente à nova realidade. Em relação à atuação governamental no contexto da cooperação universidade-indústria, criticou-se a falta de continuidade de programas de fomento.
Design Social: desenvolvimento de material didático para Educação Básica
Authors: Pazmino Ana Veronica
Published: September 2019

O trabalho mostra o resultado do projeto de extensão UFSC – 2018 “Design e Educação: objetos e materiais didáticos voltados para a educação básica”, em que houve a articulação da ação de extensão e o ensino com as disciplinas: metodologia de projeto EGR7112; Seminários de design social EGR7118; EGR7196; EGR7197 de PCC1 e PCC2 Projeto de conclusão de curso nos semestres de 2018/1 e 2018/2. O objetivo da ação de extensão foi: propor soluções por meio do design para contribuir com a ação educativa na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Florianópolis. Na busca de possibilitar a ação social os objetivos específicos foram: levantar informações sobre as necessidades de professores em creches e ou pré-escolas; desenvolver soluções para problemas identificados pelos professores e na escola durante a pesquisa; desenvolver materiais e entregar nas escolas. A metodologia adotada para o desenvolvimento do projeto foi o Design Thinking. Em um ano o projeto teve 20 materiais didáticos (jogos e livros) para crianças, adolescentes e professores de 16 escolas da rede Municipal de Florianópolis.
Diagnóstico socioeconômico de pecuaristas familiares de São Francisco de Paula
Authors: Matos Jean Carlos , Arboitte Miguelangelo Ziegler
Published: September 2019

Em São Francisco de Paula (RS), o pecuarista familiar é importante categoria social, tradicional na produção de bovinos de corte a base de campo nativo, produzindo carne e leite desses animais. Esses produtores estão em vulnerabilidade social, pela baixa tecnologia empregada nas propriedades e pouco acesso a políticas públicas, resultando em baixos índices econômicos e zootécnicos, sendo público prioritário da extensão rural promovida pela EMATER/RS – ASCAR. O trabalho foi realizado no período de janeiro a marco de 2018, através de amostragem dos pecuaristas familiares, com o objetivo de traçar o perfil socioeconômico. O tamanho médio das propriedades é de 80,41 ha, sendo 66,63% da área composta por campo nativo, com padrão racial dos bovinos oriundos dos cruzamentos entre raças zebuínas e europeias, com aptidão para leite e carne. As principais fontes de renda verificadas são o queijo artesanal serrano, a venda de bezerros e vacas e a aposentadoria rural.
Experiência de extensão em políticas sociais: formação continuada em trabalho social com famílias
Authors: Bertelli Edilane , Rosário Ortiz Gutierrez Gelinski Carmen , Regina Dal Prá Keli , Moser Liliane , Laurita Wiese Michelly , Bosse Brinhosa Victoria , Martins Rodrigues Virgínia
Published: September 2019

O artigo aborda aspectos da experiência de extensão voltada à formação de profissionais dos serviços de proteção básica e especial da política de assistência social e de atenção básica da política de saúde da região catarinense da Grande Florianópolis. Desenvolvida desde 2015 pelo Núcleo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa Sociedade, Família e Política Social da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, tem-se o propósito de, ao sistematizar o processo vivenciado, socializar essa extensão universitária, cujos aspectos abrangem sua constituição, concepções, dinâmicas e efeitos produzidos entre os agentes envolvidos. Dentre esses, a reflexão permanente de práticas conservadoras e naturalizadas no trabalho social com famílias, que reforçam expectativas e “papéis” tradicionais em relação às famílias e às mulheres na provisão de cuidados ao seu bem-estar, a construção de metodologias interdisciplinares no trabalho social com famílias, mudanças na dinâmica dos serviços ofertados às famílias que necessitam de proteção social do Estado para garantia dos direitos de cidadania.
Apresentação
Authors: Couto Letícia Rebollo , Seara Izabel Christine
Published: September 2019

Este número Interfaces da Prosódia é um desdobramento do número anterior, Fala, voz e expressividade. O grande número de textos recebidos nos fez perceber o interesse que os estudos prosódicos têm suscitado no Brasil e a dimensão desta área relativamente recente de estudos da fala. Como bem retrata Ladd (2014), no capítulo “O que é prosódia?” os termos “prosódia” e “prosódico/a” têm, a partir de 2002, uma inflexão de sentido nos dicionários, registrando o que marca uma grande massa de trabalhos linguísticos, pscianalíticos, psiquiátricos e mais tarde de tecnologia da fala. No Brasil, temos o privilégio de contar com a publicação pioneira de Scarpa (1999) que congrega nove estudos dentro dessa área incipiente, e que se consolida com a organização do congresso internacional Speech Prosody 2008, em Campinas - Brasil.
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) over the Paris megacity: 9 years of total column observations from ground-based infrared remote sensing
Authors: Tournadre Benoît , Chelin Pascale , Ray Mokhtar , Cuesta Juan , Kutzner Rebecca D. , Landsheere Xavier , Fortems-Cheiney Audrey , Flaud Jean-Marie , Hase Frank , Blumenstock Thomas , Orphal Johannes , Viatte Camille , Camy-Peyret Claude
Published: September 2019

Abstract. In this paper, we present the first multi-year time series of atmospheric NH3 ground-based measurements in the Paris region (Créteil, 48.79° N, 2.44° E, France) retrieved with the mid-resolution “Observations of the Atmosphere by Solar absorption Infrared Spectroscopy” (OASIS) ground-based Fourier Transform infrared solar observatory. Located in an urban region, OASIS has previously been used for monitoring air quality (tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide), thanks to its specific column sensitivity across the whole troposphere including the planetary boundary layer. A total of 4920 measurements of atmospheric total columns of ammonia have been obtained from 2009 to 2017, with uncertainties ranging from 20 % to 35 %, and are compared with NH3 concentrations derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). OASIS ground-based measurements show significant interannual, and seasonal variabilities of atmospheric ammonia. NH3 total columns over the Paris megacity (12 million people) vary seasonally by 2 orders of magnitude, from approximately 1015 molecules cm−2 in winter to 1017 molecules cm−2 for spring peaks, probably due to springtime spreading of fertilizers on surrounding croplands. Also, we observe a correlation of daily NH3-OASIS total columns with daily PM2.5 in situ measurements from the closest Airparif surface station in springtime.
The response to pulse-like perturbations in atmospheric carbon and carbon isotopes
Authors: Jeltsch-Thömmes Aurich , Joos Fortunat
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Measurements of carbon isotope variations in climate archives and isotope-enabled climate modelling foster the understanding of the carbon cycle. Perturbations in atmospheric CO2, and in its isotopic ratios (δ13C, ∆14C) are removed on different time scales and by partly different processes. We investigate these differences on timescales of up to 100,000 years in idealized pulse release experiments with the Bern3D-LPX Earth system model of intermediate complexity and by analytical solutions from a box model. Isotopic perturbations are initially removed much faster from the atmosphere than perturbations in CO2 as explained by aquatic carbonate chemistry. On longer time scales, the CO2 perturbation is removed by carbonate compensation and silicate rock weathering. In contrast, the δ13C perturbation is removed by the relentless flux of organic and calcium carbonate particles buried in sediments. The associated removal rate is significantly modified by spatial δ13C gradients within the ocean influencing the isotopic perturbation of the burial flux. Space-time variations in ocean δ13C perturbations are captured by three Principal Components and Empirical Orthogonal Functions. Analytical impulse response functions for atmospheric CO2 and δ13CO2 are provided. Our results show that changes in terrestrial carbon storage are unlikely the sole cause for the abrupt, centennial CO2 and δ13C variations recorded in ice during Heinrich Stadials HS1 and HS4 of the last glacial period. Ocean processes likely played a significant role. The δ113 offset between the penultimate and last glacial maximum reconstructed for the ocean and atmosphere is most likely caused by imbalances between weathering, volcanism and burial fluxes.
Percentile-based grain size distribution analysis tools (GSDtools) – estimating confidence limits and hypothesis tests for comparing two samples
Authors: Eaton Brett C. , Moore R. Dan , MacKenzie Lucy G.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Most studies of gravel bed rivers present at least one bed surface grain size distribution, but there is almost never any information provided about the uncertainty in the percentile estimates. We present a simple method for estimating the grain size confidence intervals about sample percentiles derived from standard Wolman or pebble count samples of bed surface texture. The width of a grain size confidence interval depends on the confidence level selected by the user (e.g., 95 %), the number of stones sampled to generate the cumulative frequency distribution, and the shape of the frequency distribution itself.
For a 95 % confidence level, the computed confidence interval would include the true grain size parameter in 95 out of 100 trials, on average. The method presented here uses binomial theory to calculate a percentile confidence interval for each percentile of interest, then maps that confidence interval onto the cumulative frequency distribution of the sample in order to calculate the more useful grain size confidence interval. The validity of this approach is confirmed by comparing the predictions using binomial theory with estimates of the grain size confidence interval based on repeated sampling from a known population. We also developed a two-sample test of the equality of a given grain size percentile (e.g., D50), which can be used to compare different sites, sampling methods, or operators. The test can be applied with either individual or binned grain size data. These analyses are implemented in the freely available GSDtools package, written in the R language. A solution using the normal approximation to the binomial distribution is implemented in a spreadsheet that accompanies this paper. Applying our approach to various samples of grain size distributions in the field, we find that the standard sample size of 100 observations is typically associated with uncertainty estimates ranging from about ±15 % to ±30 %, which may be unacceptably large for many applications. In comparison, a sample of 500 stones produces uncertainty estimates ranging from about
±9 % to ±18 %. In order to help workers develop appropriate sampling approaches that produce the desired level of precision, we present simple equations that approximate the proportional uncertainty associated with the 50th and 84th percentiles of the distribution as a function of sample size and sorting coefficient; the true uncertainty in any sample depends on the shape of the sample distribution and can only be accurately estimated once the sample has been collected.
Improved methodologies for Earth system modelling of atmospheric soluble iron and observation comparisons using the Mechanism of Intermediate complexity for Modelling Iron (MIMI v1.0)
Authors: Hamilton Douglas S. , Scanza Rachel A. , Feng Yan , Guinness Joseph , Kok Jasper F. , Li Longlei , Liu Xiaohong , Rathod Sagar D. , Wan Jessica S. , Wu Mingxuan , Mahowald Natalie M.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Herein, we present a description of the Mechanism of Intermediate
complexity for Modelling Iron (MIMI v1.0). This iron processing module was
developed for use within Earth system models and has been updated within a
modal aerosol framework from the original implementation in a bulk aerosol
model. MIMI simulates the emission and atmospheric processing of two main
sources of iron in aerosol prior to deposition: mineral dust and combustion
processes. Atmospheric dissolution of insoluble to soluble iron is
parameterized by an acidic interstitial aerosol reaction and a separate
in-cloud aerosol reaction scheme based on observations of enhanced aerosol
iron solubility in the presence of oxalate. Updates include a more
comprehensive treatment of combustion iron emissions, improvements to the
iron dissolution scheme, and an improved physical dust mobilization scheme.
An extensive dataset consisting predominantly of cruise-based observations
was compiled to compare to the model. The annual mean modelled concentration
of surface-level total iron compared well with observations but less so in
the soluble fraction (iron solubility) for which observations are much more
variable in space and time. Comparing model and observational data is
sensitive to the definition of the average as well as the temporal and spatial
range over which it is calculated. Through statistical analysis and
examples, we show that a median or log-normal distribution is preferred when
comparing with soluble iron observations. The iron solubility
calculated at each model time step versus that calculated based on a ratio
of the monthly mean values, which is routinely presented in aerosol studies
and used in ocean biogeochemistry models, is on average globally one-third
(34 %) higher. We redefined ocean deposition regions based on dominant
iron emission sources and found that the daily variability in soluble iron
simulated by MIMI was larger than that of previous model simulations. MIMI
simulated a general increase in soluble iron deposition to Southern
Hemisphere oceans by a factor of 2 to 4 compared with the previous
version, which has implications for our understanding of the ocean
biogeochemistry of these predominantly iron-limited ocean regions.
Analysis and optimization of a cone flowmeter performance by means of a numerical and experimental approach
Authors: Dinardo Giuseppe , Fabbiano Laura , Vacca Gaetano
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Differential pressure flowmeters are commonly used in industrial applications where, however, the upstream flow conditions are usually highly disturbed, caused by the presence, in the network pipe, of elbows, valves, etc. To achieve accurate flow measurements, the use of the cone meter is recommended as the flowmeter has the property to normalize the flow both upstream and downstream. In this paper, the authors present a cone flowmeter of new geometry that allows them to obtain better performance with respect to the original one; in particular, it provides a higher discharge coefficient (Cd) for a wider range of operating conditions.
Probabilistic landslide susceptibility analysis in tropical mountainous terrain using the physically based r.slope.stability model
Authors: Palacio Cordoba Johnnatan , Mergili Martin , Aristizábal Edier
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Landslides triggered by rainfall are very common phenomena in complex tropical environments such as the Colombian Andes, one of the regions most affected by landslides every year. Currently in Colombia, physically based methods for landslide hazard mapping are mandatory for land use planning in urban areas. In this work, we perform probabilistic analyses with r.slope.stability, a spatially distributed, physically based model for landslide susceptibility analysis, available as an open-source tool coupled to GRASS GIS. This model considers alternatively the infinite slope stability model or the 2.5D geometry of shallow planar and deep-seated landslides with ellipsoidal or truncated failure surfaces. We test the model in the La Arenosa catchment, northern Colombian Andes. The results are compared to those yielded with the corresponding deterministic analyses and with other physically based models applied in the same catchment. Finally, the model results are evaluated against a landslide inventory using a confusion matrix and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. The model performs reasonably well, the infinite slope stability model showing a better performance. The outcomes are, however, rather conservative, pointing to possible challenges with regard to the geotechnical and geo-hydraulic parameterization. The results also highlight the importance to perform probabilistic instead of – or in addition to – deterministic slope stability analyses.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the tonsil: A case report of uncommon tumor displaying diagnostic features and review of the literature
Authors: Sly Morgan , Wichelt Emily , Spears Jamie , Clark Kiley , Aziz Mohamed
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Follicular dendritic cells are non-hematopoietic cells that are found in germinal centers and function in the differentiation and development of activated B cells. Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, typically, located in lymph nodes throughout the body. Follicular dendritic cell sarcomas can also be found in extranodal sites. Follicular dendritic cell sarcomas located in extranodal sites are underdiagnosed due to the rarity and lack of consideration in differential diagnoses. Additionally, up to one-third of extranodal cases are misdiagnosed.

Case Report: We are presenting a case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma located in the tonsil of a 73-year-old male. Examination revealed a tonsillar mass suspicious for squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, or anaplastic lymphoma. Biopsy of the tonsil was performed and the patient was diagnosed with a low-grade malignant tumor exhibiting morphologic and immunohistochemical features indicative of dendritic/reticulum cell origin.

Conclusion: The reporting of this case aims to increase knowledge and awareness regarding the morphologic and immunohistochemical features of rare and often misdiagnosed extranodal follicular dendritic cell sarcomas. Heightened awareness of this tumor will lead to inclusion as a differential diagnosis of the initial evaluation of biopsy with this tumor features and avoid misdiagnosis.
Measurement of Physiological Fitness Level Among Male College Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia Using the European Fitness Test–EuroFit
Authors: Aboelwafa Hassan Soror , Elkilany Ahmed Mahmoud , Al-Hariri Mohammed Taha
Published: September 2019

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure the physiological fitness level of University students Saudi, male, using the European Fitness Test EuroFit.

METHODS: The study was conducted on 451 Saudi, male, between 18-22 years age students. Physiological fitness was assessed using the eight tests included in the EuroFit battery. Body mass index (BMI) was assessed.

RESULTS: The present study showed that, the majority of the participants (55.7%) being within the normal body weight range and there was no significant difference between BMI categories in all components of fitness tests. According to the characteristics of the research sample, development of statistical tables of measurements derived from the process of conducting the EuroFit Fitness tests.

CONCLUSION: To the best of researchers’ knowledge, it is the first study evaluated the physiological fitness and investigating the reliability of the Eurofit tests in the Gulf region. The results showed the determination of the students’ fitness.