bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composition and structure of tungsten antimony acid
Authors: Timushkov Pyotr V. , Burmistrov Vladimir A. , Ulyanov Maxim N. , Semenov Victor N.
Published: June 2024

Tungsten antimony acids (TAA) with the composition H(2)Sb(2)WXO6·nH2O (0 < x ≤ 1.45; 0 < n ≤ 2.0) have been synthesized by hydrolysis of antimony trichloride pre-oxidized with nitric acid in the presence of varying amounts of Na2WO4. To obtain TAA protonated forms, the samples were kept in a 96% solution of sulphuric acid, the precipitate was washed until reaction became neutral and dried in air. The amount of tungsten, antimony, and silver ions in TAA was determined using energy dispersive analysis. Changes in structural parameters upon doping of AA with tungsten ions were studied using a Bruker D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer (CuKa1-radiation). The number of oxonium ions in TAA was determined by the substitutionof these ions by silver ions in equivalent amounts (Ag+-TAA forms).
All obtained TAA samples and Ag+ TAA forms had a pyrochlore-type structure, space group symmetry Fd3m. Refinement of the arrangement of atoms in the structure using the Rietveld method showed that tungsten ions replace antimony ions and are statistically located in 16c, oxygen anions in 48f, and oxonium ions and water molecules in 16d and 8b positions, respectively.
When tungsten ions were introduced into samples, the structural parameters of the resulting phases changed. There was a decrease in the unit cell parameter and the distance between antimony ions and oxygen anions, while an increase in the distance between oxonium ions and oxygen anions located in 48f positions was observed. This allowed the removal of a proton from oxonium molecules and its transport via a system of hydrogen bonds formed by water molecules
Этика искусственного интеллекта. Кейсы и варианты решения этических проблем
Authors: Шталь Бернд Карстен , Шредер Дорис , Родригес Ровена
Published: June 2024

Принято считать, что потенциальные выгоды от применения искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) велики: от операционных улучшений, таких как снижение числа человеческих ошибок, до использования роботов в опасных ситуациях. В то же время все понимают, что применение ИИ сопряжено со множеством этических проблем — от предвзятости в работе алгоритмов и цифрового разрыва до проблем здоровья и безопасности. В книге рассматриваются реальные кейсы этических проблем, которые ставит перед нами искусственный интеллект, и варианты их решения. Разбор кейсов — один из лучших способов изучения этических дилемм и понимания связанных с ними сложностей и точек зрения заинтересованных в работе ИИ сторон. С учетом всеобъемлющего характера этики искусственного интеллекта в академических, политических, философских и медийных дебатах книга будет полезна широкой аудитории, включая исследователей, представляющих самые различные дисциплины, а также политиков, сотрудников неправительственных организаций, преподавателей и образованную общественность.
Analysis of February 2023 Thatri Landslide in Doda, Jammu and
Kashmir: Insights from Field Observations, Geotechnical Parameters, and GPR
Survey
Authors: Singh Yudhbir , Ul Haq Ahsan , Bhat G.M. , Johar Sumit , Chib Shifali , Pandita S.K.
Published: June 2024

The present study deals with the field observations and results obtained from the Geotechnical investigations and Ground Penetrating Radar survey carried out on Thatri landslide. Thatri township is situated on the left bank of the Chenab River along NH-244, 43 km from district headquarter Doda, Jammu and Kashmir. The landslide occurred on 2nd February, 2023 damaged 21 buildings, affected about 150 people and created situation like Joshimath tragedy. Detailed field investigations on lithology, sub-surface structure determined by GPR investigations and geotechnical parameters of the soil revealed that the leading edge of the slide caused most damage due to cracks developed in the slope wash deposits followed by subsidence and down slope movement of a portion of the township (Nai Basti). The study revealed that percolation of water from soak pits, sewerage, and rain water into the terrace deposits comprising of clays, silt, sand and gravels was the major triggering factors.
Major Diatom Microfossils from the Arctic Region: A Review
Authors: Guruvayoorappan Harikrishnan , Mohan Rahul
Published: June 2024

Diatoms-the unicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic phytoplankton belonging to Class Bacillariophyceae are an excellent tool to understand past ocean surface conditions, especially in high latitude regions. Along with sea surface temperature and sea ice, which they are primarily sensitive to, diatom assemblages could potentially be used to record runoff from melting glaciers and atmospheric teleconnections such as North Atlantic Oscillations (NAO) in Arctic fjords. However, understanding the ecology and geographical distribution of diatoms is extremely important before they can be used for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. In this study, four significant Arctic diatoms namely Bacterosira bathyomphala, Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Fragilaripsis oceanica and Thalassiosira antarctica var. borealis resting spores (R.S.) have been reviewed to understand their current status in their use for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. These four diatoms have been selected as they represent a typical Arctic environment. Numerous studies in the past thirty years had classified these diatoms into different assemblage groups, indicating specific ocean surface conditions. Here, we review the previous studies and to present the up-to-date classification of these species. We also compared the change in abundance of these four species through mid to late Holocene and modern period to their respective sea surface temperature and sea ice reconstructions, to show the robustness of their usage in palaeoceanographic reconstructions. The findings of this study will help to understand the up-to-date ecological characteristics of Arctic diatoms used in palaeoceanographic as well as palaeoecological reconstructions and the gap areas in diatom research such as a requirement for pan Arctic Sea ice diatom dataset.
Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy and Paleoecology of the Southeasternmost Outcrops of the Oligocene Qom Formation, SE Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Ebrahim , Ameri Hamed
Published: June 2024

The Qom Formation is deposited along more than 1800 km of the NE margin of the Tethyan Seaway in the Oligocene-Early Miocene during the final sea transgression on the Iranian Plate. We present (foraminiferal-based) biostratigraphic data from three exposed sections near the northwestern Jazmurian Lake, as the southeasternmost outcrops of the Qom Formation. Larger benthic foraminifera are mainly represented by nummulitids (Nummulites, Operculina, Heterostegina), lepidocyclinids (Nephrolepidina, Eulepidina, Lepidocyclina), and Amphistegina. The presence of Nummulites fichteli/intermedius and Nummulites vascus in the lower parts of the study sections together with lepidocyclinids indicates that their basal deposits could be attributed to the late Rupelian. The Qom Formation is of late Rupelian-Chattian in age in all three stratigraphic sections. Also, the presence of Nummulites- bearing tuffaceous limestones and tuff unit in the lower part of the Bozadan section is indicative of contemporaneous volcanic activity.

Most parts of the study sections with an association of large and flat perforate foraminifera were deposited in normal saline waters. These parts are presented by large and flat nummulitids, lepidocyclinids, and Amphistegina. These large and flat perforate foraminifera often dominate in the lower part of the photic zone. The abundance of larger benthic foraminiferal and coralline red algae and the coral facies indicates a tropical-subtropical palaeoenvironment.
Physico-mechanical Properties Estimation of Upper Siwalik Sandstone using Field (MASW) and Laboratory Test, Himachal Himalaya, India
Authors: Sahu Anamika , Kumar Prabhakar , Pandey Mohit , Singh Jyoti , Singh Sandeep , Joshi Anand , Samadhiya Narendra K , Soni Rajeev , Singh Satvinder
Published: June 2024

A study on the Upper Siwalik Sandstone was conducted to determine and compare the relationship between shear wave velocity and the petro-physical and petro-mechanical characteristics of the sandstone. Two localities in the Himachal Himalaya’s Bilaspur district were sampled for collection of sandstone of Upper Siwalik. The method of Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) was used to obtain average shear wave velocity at 30m depth (Vs30) in the field. The shear modulus of rocks is intimately correlated with the Vs30 parameter. The Vs30 value is 185 m/s for the Majher Khad (sandstone A) region and 366 m/s for the Dharot region (sandstone B). Based on obtained Vs30 values these two regions are classified under class D and class C respectively by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP). Both the rocks belong to Upper Siwalik Sandstone, but diversity in Vs30 and shear modulus values can be ascribed to the composition of minerals, the size of the grains, and the cementing substances present in the rock.
Digital Mapping of Key Static Soil Attributes of Tamil Nadu, India using Legacy Soil Information
Authors: Kalaiselvi B. , Dharumarajan S. , Suputhra Amar , Lalitha M. , Vasundhara R. , Hegde Rajendra , Archana K.V.
Published: June 2024

Acquiring spatial soil information is pivotal for land resource management, environmental and soil modelling. Digital soil mapping approach helps in prediction of spatial soil properties by establishing the relationship between soil and environmental covariates. In the current study, we attempted to predict and map spatial distribution of soil depth, coarse fragments (CF), and soil textural classes over 0.13 million sq km area of Tamil Nadu, India. About 2105 samples were used for the prediction of soil attributes viz., soil depth and coarse fragments using random forest (RF) regression model, multiple linear regression (MLR), and support vector machine (SVM), while the same set of soil data was used to predict the soil textural classes as categorical variables using Random Forest classifier. Different environmental covariates such as derivatives of digital elevation models, IRS LISS-III data and bioclimatic variables were related for predicting the soil properties. The predicted soil depth and CF ranged from 46-200 cm and 1-42 per cent, respectively. The RF model outperformed by explaining the variability (R2) of 43% for soil depth and 21% for coarse fragments with root mean square error (RMSE) of 38 cm and 13%, respectively, whereas, MLR and SVM could achieve the maximum variability of R2 of 0.20 and 0.25 for soil depth and R2 of 0.07 and 0.09 for CF. With respect to soil textural classes, RF classifier performed well with overall accuracy of 63.8% and kappa index of 0.43. Variable importance ranking of Random Forest model showed that elevation, multiresolution valley bottom flatness (MrVBF), multiresolution ridge top flatness (MrRTF) and remote sensing variables (NDVI & EVI) displayed decisive role in prediction of the soil depth, coarse fragments and soil textural classes. In this study, 250 m resolution detailed soil depth, CF and textural class maps were prepared which will be useful for different environmental modelling and proper agricultural management purposes.
Brahmaputra River Bank Erosion as a Major Geo-Environmental Problem in Lower Assam, India
Authors: Ali Asraf
Published: June 2024

The concepts as well as the methodological approaches for investigating geo-environmental pattern, process and problems in a region have been continuously getting their holds since few decades past to make them firm-footed in the contemporary trend of geo-environmental studies. The lower Brahmaputra River valley of Assam, like other parts of northeast India, stands amidst complex geotectonic and physiographic set-up because, of its hills, foothills and river plain topography. The state of Assam as a whole, eventually have been experiencing natural hazards like floods including flash floods, river bank erosion, landslide, etc. Out of which bank erosion heavily affects on the life and land properties of the peoples in affected area by completely damaging it. The river Brahmaputra has a tendency to shifting southward due to various geo-tectonic and seismic instabilities of the region. It is found that during the last 50 years nearly 100 sq km of the study area is eroded in the southern part of the district of Goalpara only. The intensity of shifting is very high mostly in the lower Brahmaputra valley including western margin of the districts of Goalpara, South Salmara Mankachar and Dhubri. The data derived from 14 cross sections along the selected points of lower Brahmaputra reveals that the average annual southward shifting of the river due to bank erosion is 109.14 m/year.

Hence, bank erosion has been a serious problem, which is caused mainly by the seismic instability, stream bed rise-up, continuous sedimentation; Intense rainfall, etc. And eventually the phenomenon results into the loss of large tracts of fertile agricultural lands on both the banks of the river Brahmaputra in the study area. The present paper is an attempt to analyze the cause and consequences of Brahmaputra River Bank Erosion as a major geo-environmental problem with special reference to the bank line at Goalpara district of lower Assam in India.
CORRELATION OF SERUM FERRITIN AND THYROID HORMONE LEVELS: A MATCHED CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Čano Dedić Lejla , Pašalić Arzija , Papić Emsel , Smajlović Dalila , Šegalo Sabina
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common disorder of the endocrine system caused by insufficient biologically active hormones at the tissue level or the inability of the tissue to utilize thyroid hormones. Iron plays a crucial role in the synthesis and metabolism of thyroid hormones, and it is stored in the body as ferritin. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum ferritin levels and thyroid hormone panel levels in both hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects.
Material and methods: In 2022, a matched case-control study was conducted. The study involved participants with hypothyroidism and a control group (n = 53). The levels of thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (ft4), and serum ferritin (SF) were measured using the chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) on a Mindray Cl 900-i analyzer (Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., China).
Results: The hypothyroid group had TSH levels that were significantly higher [10.76 (8.54-18.76) vs. 1.76 (1.26-2.58); p <0.001] and SF concentrations that were significantly lower [39.08 (21.15-45.70) vs. 54.09 (41.41-71.82); p <0.001] compared to the control group. In both male and female subjects of the hypothyroid group, a strong negative correlation was found between SF concentration and TSH levels [(Rho = -0.855, p <0.01); (Rho = -0.747; p <0.01)]. In female subjects of the hypothyroid group, a weak positive correlation was found between SF concentration and fT3 (Rho = 0.488; p <0.05). In the euthyroid group, a correlation of the same strength and direction was found for fT4 (Rho = 0.366; p <0.05).
Conclusion: Research results indicate a correlation between lower serum ferritin concentrations and hypothyroidism, which is of particular importance for understanding the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment modalities of patients with hypothyroidism.
Britanya Kolumbiyası (Kanada) ormancılığında ağaç ıslahı
Authors: Temel Fatih
Published: June 2024

ritanya Kolumbiyası (BC), Kanada’nın en batısında yer alan ve Türkiye yüzölçümünün yaklaşık 1,2 katı büyüklüğündeki bir eyaletidir. BC’nin yarıdan fazlası ormanlarla kaplıdır ve ormancılık, enerjiden sonra Eyalet ekonomisinin en önemli ikinci sektörüdür. Neredeyse tamamı (%95) devlete ait olan bu ormanlardan her yıl yaklaşık 200 bin hektarı (ha) kesilmekte ve bunun %80’i yapay olarak gençleştirilmektedir. Yıllık fidan ihtiyacının %82’si Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus contorta var. latifolia ve Picea glauca x engelmannii türlerine aittir. Bunlar dâhil toplam 13 türde yürütülen ağaç ıslahı çalışmaları ile hacimde %20 kadar bir genetik kazanç elde edilmiştir. Gençleştirme çalışmalarında ıslah edilmiş tohum kullanılması yasal zorunluluk olup, oldukça sağlıklı işleyen bir tohum üretim ve kayıt sistemi ile ağaç ıslahı çalışmalarının sonuçları odun üretimine yansıtılmaktadır. Değişen iklim koşullarına uyumlu ormanlar oluşturmak için tohum transferi konusunda yoğun araştırmalar yapılmakta ve elde edilen bilgiler ağaç ıslah programlarında da dikkate alınmaktadır.
Assessment of cardiovascular risk in women with premature ovarian failure
Authors: Lopukhov Sergey V. , Filippov Eugene V.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure is a common disease that affects quality of life and cardiovascular risk in young women.
AIM: To assess the relative risk of cardiovascular events in patients with primary and secondary premature ovarian failure.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included three groups of patients comparable in age: the first — women with primary premature ovarian failure at the age of 39.8±4.3 years; the second — women with secondary premature ovarian failure, age 40.1±4.1 years; the third was the control group at the age of 40.3±3.9 years, there were 133 people in each group. The cardiovascular profile (smoking status, metabolic health, lipid profile, glucose level, blood pressure, pulse and cardiovascular history) of patients with premature ovarian failure was analyzed. Identification of relationships between the studied signs (increase in waist circumference, increase in systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg, increase in diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome) carried out by calculating the odds ratio and relative risk. The 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular diseases was also calculated using the SCORE2 scale.
RESULTS: Patients with both primary and secondary premature ovarian failure had a higher relative risk of developing cardiovascular events compared with healthy women. The 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular events according to the SCORE2 scale was statistically significantly increased in women with premature ovarian failure compared to the control group. In patients with primary failure it was 9.4% (confidence interval 6–14%; p=0.018), in patients with secondary failure — 7.6% (confidence interval 4–14%; p=0.023), and in the control group — 5.1% (confidence interval 3–14%; p=0.039).
CONCLUSION: Patients with premature ovarian failure have a higher cardiovascular risk compared to a group of healthy women.
Association of iron deficiency anemia with the development of paroxysms of atrial fibrillation within a year after pharmacological cardioversion with amiodarone
Authors: Valeev Marat Kh. , Khasanov Niyaz R.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a common problem with atrial fibrillation. There is a limited number of studies examining the role of iron deficiency anemia in the course of atrial fibrillation.
AIM: To evaluate the association of iron deficiency anemia with the development of recurrent atrial fibrillation within 12 months in patients after pharmacological cardioversion with amiodarone.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 198 patients over 18 years of age [120 (60.6%) men and 78 (39.4%) women, median age 71 (63.2; 77) years] with paroxysmal non-valvular atrial fibrillation and duration of paroxysm 48 h, after successful pharmacological cardioversion with amiodarone. The group with anemia included 99 patients (all had iron deficiency anemia), the group without anemia included 99 people. Patients with anemia were older; the groups were comparable in other main indicators. The development of recurrent atrial fibrillation over 1 year of follow-up was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model. Differences were considered statistically significant at a p value 0.05.
RESULTS: In the iron deficiency anemia group, symptomatic relapses of atrial fibrillation developed in 40.4% of patients during 1 year of observation; in the group without anemia — in 25.3% of patients (p=0.003). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that iron deficiency anemia is associated with an increased risk of developing recurrent atrial fibrillation within 1 year after pharmacological cardioversion with amiodarone, relative risk 1.87 (p=0.014). Comparison of the risks associated with iron deficiency anemia and iron deficiency (regardless of the presence of anemia) showed a greater risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation associated with iron deficiency than with anemia (for interaction p=0.014).
CONCLUSION: A comparison of the risks of developing recurrent atrial fibrillation in patients with iron deficiency itself and in patients with iron deficiency anemia showed a greater influence on the prognosis of recurrent atrial fibrillation by the presence of iron deficiency.
The life and personality of Semyon Semyonovich Zimnitsky in the memoirs of contemporaries and students (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Oslopov Vladimir N. , Mishanina Yuliana S.
Published: June 2024

Semyon Semyonovich Zimnitsky is an outstanding Russian and Soviet scientist, a doctor of the highest class, who has received worldwide recognition. He lived only 54 years, lived and worked in a very difficult social environment and no less problematic close circle. To his brilliant successes S.S. Zimnitsky owes both his heredity and his teachers — outstanding scientists of Russia, professors Sergei Sergeevich Botkin, Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, as well as the conditions for fruitful work that were created at the end of his career. Zimnitsky's charisma was largely determined by his personal qualities. The article shows for the first time the characterological features of his unique, active nature. The people around him described the personality traits of S.S. Zimnitsky in very contradictory ways: from “very obstinate, emotional, constantly conflicting, not shy in expressions, tearing up medical records” to “a gentle, kind person, lively, cheerful, always energetic, always cheerful, with a friendly face, good-natured, with subtle humor, lyrically glorifying nature”. These characteristics differ in tone, but are similar in one thing — S.S. Zimnitsky was a very emotional person. Being a true patriot, through his research he called for Russian science to receive the same powerful magnitude and strength as Russian culture. A passionate and convinced fanatic of his ideas, he was a fiery polemicist, and this exceptional temperament, which gave an original and often bright subjective color to his reports and especially polemical speeches, was one of the significant obstacles to the dissemination of the brilliant ideas and achievements of S.S. Zimnitsky. A great lover of nature and connoisseur of it, S.S. Zimnitsky often, both when analyzing patients on rounds and at lectures, borrowed from nature living and original comparisons and examples that clearly depicted the phenomenon and were forever etched in the memory. His love for nature was also reflected in his poetic works, where much attention was paid to its beauties.
To the 100th anniversary of the formation of the Kazan Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Authors: Kozlov Lev A. , Chikmareva Kseniya A.
Published: June 2024

In Kazan, training in the “midwifery art” has been carried out for more than 200 years. Scattered publications contain information about the influence of the St. Petersburg school of obstetricians and gynecologists on the formation of the Kazan school of obstetricians and gynecologists. It is of interest to establish connections, continuity and development of the Kazan school with the St. Petersburg school of obstetricians and gynecologists. The study of primary sources showed that from the moment the obstetric clinic was created in Kazan in 1833, its first leaders communicated with St. Petersburg colleagues, adopting their experience (Lentovsky A.E., Kozlov A.I.). Subsequently, obstetrics and gynecology department and clinic of the medical faculty of the Kazan Imperial University were led by students of the St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy (Slavyansky K.F., Florinsky V.M., Fenomenov N.N., Gruzdev V.S.). All of them at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries made a lot of efforts for the scientific and practical development of obstetrics and gynecology in Kazan. A particularly noticeable mark was left by Professor V.S. Gruzdev, creating an independent scientific and practical school of Kazan obstetricians and gynecologists. Later his work was continued by student of V.S. Gruzdev — Professor P.V. Manenkov with his students.
Mortalidad perinatal en el municipio de Panchimalco, San Salvador: una serie de casos
Authors: Castellanos-Flores Evelyn
Published: May 2024

Perinatal mortality is an indicator that reflects the impact of maternal and infant care in a country. This study presents nine cases of perinatal mortality that occurred in the municipality of Panchimalco, El Salvador. The information was obtained from audit reports. The mothers of the deceased infants were aged between 17 and 43 years, did not use contraceptive methods, had incomplete prenatal controls and averaged a gestational age of 31 weeks. Three deliveries were attended in the community. Most perinatal deaths occurred before delivery due to unknown causes, and live births were preterm. We identified factors such as deficits in comprehensive care for women. Further studies are needed to determine the main factors influencing perinatal deaths in El Salvador.
Role of transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastases in the era of advancing systemic therapy
Authors: Song Byeong Geun , Goh Myung Ji , Kang Wonseok , Sinn Dong Hyun , Gwak Geum-Youn , Paik Yong-Han , Lee Joon Hyeok , Choi Moon Seok
Published: June 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: Systemic therapy is the current standard treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with extrahepatic metastasis (EHM). However, some patients with HCC and EHM undergo transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) to manage intrahepatic tumors. Herein, we aimed to explore the appropriateness of TACE in patients with HCC and EHM in an era of advanced systemic therapy.Methods: This study analyzed 248 consecutive patients with HCC and EHM (median age, 58.5 years; male, 83.5%; Child-Pugh A, 88.7%) who received TACE or systemic therapy (83 sorafenib, 49 lenvatinib, 28 immunotherapy-based) between January 2018 and January 2021.Results: Among the patients, 196 deaths were recorded during a median follow-up of 8.9 months. Patients who received systemic therapy had a higher albumin-bilirubin grade, elevated tumor markers, an increased number of intrahepatic tumors, larger-sized tumors, and more frequent portal vein invasion than those who underwent TACE. TACE was associated with longer median overall survival (OS) than sorafenib (15.1 vs. 4.7 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11.1-22.2 vs. 3.7-7.3; hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; P<0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, TACE was associated with statistically similar survival outcomes to those of lenvatinib (median OS, 8.0 months; 95% CI, 6.5-11.0; HR, 1.21; P=0.411) and immunotherapies (median OS, 14.3 months; 95% CI, 9.5-27.0; HR, 1.01; P=0.973), demonstrating survival benefits equivalent to these treatments.Conclusions: In patients with HCC and EHM, TACE can provide a survival benefit comparable to that of newer systemic therapies. Accordingly, TACE remains a valuable option in this era of new systemic therapies.
The Phenomenon of Divorce during the Election Period in the Perspective of Islamic Law
Authors: Setiyawan Deni , Tuasikal Hadi , Karana Hafidz Adhi
Published: June 2024

This article delved into the perspectives of Islamic law about the divorce phenomena as it pertains to the election period. This phenomenon has been the subject of very little research about Islamic law. Legal anthropology brings an Islamic and conceptual studies perspective to this study technique. Consequently, this study aims to provide an Islamic perspective on these events and analyze them from a legal Islamic perspective. This article explained that ikhtilaf happened throughout the Islamic culture. During the election period, societal shifts inside the family led to the dissolution of the marriage. Since political opinions do not constitute nusyuz against the spouse, Muslims are free to have differing views on this matter. Only in religious issues is a woman bound to obey her husband. Thus, divorce is forbidden in Islam because of disparities in personal decisions. This study is expected to provide the groundwork for Islamic law and help families work through disagreements over political candidates during election period.
Prevalence of cervical cancer among village women: a study in an Upazilla Health Complex in Bangladesh
Authors: Abid M. Taslima , Khatun Nofisa , Kulsum Umme , Razia Sultana , Chowdhury Akhtari Hossain
Published: May 2024

Background: Cervical cancer arises when cells in the cervix undergo abnormal changes, leading to tumor formation. Although preventable, it remains the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cervical cancer among village women.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Upazilla Health Complex (UHC), Sariakandi, Bogura, Bangladesh from January 2023 to December 2023. As the study subjects, a total of 1186 village women who participated in the cervical cancer screening program of the mentioned UHC were enrolled purposively. For data analysis, MS Office tools were applied.
Results: In this study, the majority of participants belonged to the >40 years’ age group (53.2%), were housewives (73%), married at the age of 20 or younger (59%), and reported negative vaginal discharge (53%). Among the total participants, the prevalence of cervical cancer, as determined by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) tests, was found to be 1.18%.
Conclusions: In comparison to other South Asian or African countries, the prevalence of cervical cancer among village women in Bangladesh is relatively low. However, housewives aged over 40 years, experiencing negative vaginal discharge, and marrying at age 20 or younger are particularly susceptible to such diseases here.
Randomized control comparative study to evaluate the effect of camylofin dihydrochloride and valethamate bromide in active phase of first stage of labour
Authors: Agarwal Shonali N. , Shah Vidhi H. , Gokhale Ashish V. , Amin Juhi V.
Published: May 2024

Background: Numerous drugs have been used to shorten the active phase of labor. Do they really shorten the duration of labor? What adverse effects do they have on the baby and the mother? These questions were the basis to perform the present study of comparing two of such drugs, injection Camylofin dihydrochloride and injection Valethamate bromide with control subjects. Aim of the study was to assess the effect of camylofin dihydrochloride and valethamate bromide on active phase of first stage of labour.
Methods: This is an open label randomized controlled study of 120 eligible women with spontaneous onset of labour at SSG hospital, Vadodara, India. Women were randomized to receive either a single intra-muscular Camylofin, 3 doses of intra-venous Valethamate or third as control group. The main outcome measure was duration of active phase of first stage of labour and rate of cervical dilatation. The study was conducted over a period of 9 months from May 2022 to January 2024.
Results: Mean duration of active phase of labour was 4.33±1.32 hours, 6.74±1.26 hours and 6.83±1.65 hours in Camylofin, Valethamate and control group respectively with p value <0.0001. Mean rate of cervical dilatation was 1.47±0.41 cm/hour, 0.91±0.23 cm/hour and 0.87±0.18 cm/hour in three groups respectively. There was no significant difference in maternal side effects and neonatal outcome among them.
Conclusions: Considering the results of this study, it can be concluded Camylofin is superior to Valethamate in decreasing total duration of active phase of first stage with higher cervical dilatation rate.
Effect of pre-operative and post operative spiritual care interventions in patients undergoing major gynaecology surgeries in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chaudhari Vaishali , Thiyagarajan Kamalapriya , Patil Yogini , Dalal Komal , Sankhe Ajay , Mistry Vrutti
Published: May 2024

Background: For women undergoing gynaecological surgery, anxiety, depression and stress is recognized as an important factor because of the sensitive and emotive nature of their treatment. Therefore, this study is conducted with an aim to evaluate the utility of pre-operative and operative phase spiritual care intervention on post-operative stress, anxiety, depression and pain.
Methods: This was a prospective, controlled, randomized study in which total of 100 patients were enrolled, 50 (interventional group) and 50 (control group). The spiritual care interventions were done in 3 phases i.e. pre-operative, operative and post operative which comprise of 4 types of spiritual intervention each for 10 minutes namely spiritual counselling, spiritual prayer, spiritual reading and listening to chanting of mantras The parameters like stress, depression, anxiety and pain were assessed by using DASS-41 scale and VAS scale respectively.
Results: Post intervention mean for anxiety, depression and stress score decreased significantly in intervention group with p values <0.001, <0.01 and <0.01 respectively in comparison with control group with p values 0.87, 0.96 and 0.43 respectively. The was no statistically difference in mean pain score post intervention in both intervention and control group
Conclusions: Spiritual care intervention on the basis of MATCH guidelines improved the symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression of the patient’s undergoing surgery. However, there was no change in the physiological pain parameter of the patients.
Unravelling the mystery microorganism: a case study of chronic surgical site discharge post laparoscopic hysterectomy linked to Mycobacterium chelonae
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammed Afzal , Nandagopal Murugan , Padhiar Chirayu
Published: May 2024

In this case study, we explore the intricate surgical experience of a 45-year-old woman who post laparoscopic total hysterectomy for fibroid uterus, presented with persistent surgical site discharge. Despite multiple courses of antibiotic therapy, the symptoms persisted, and the infective organism remained unidentified
A rare case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in post cesarean female
Authors: Chhabra Jaya , Bhadoriya Manjulata
Published: May 2024

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, commonly known as stress cardiomyopathy or broken heart syndrome, is a temporary heart condition predominantly occurring in post-menopausal females. It is usually preceded by an intense psychological or physical experience. This is a case report presenting a 32-year-old G3P2L2 patient at 41 weeks of gestation who was diagnosed with this condition shortly after her cesarean.
Impact of D2 vs D3 dissection in right sided colon cancer, on the mortality and morbidity of patient
Authors: Gani Mubashir , Kaleem Zahid , Wani Aizul Khursheed , Parray Fazl Qadir , Chowdri Nisar Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. It is more prevalent in elderly age group. Genetic and environmental factors play a role. Extent of lymph node dissection determines the prognosis and overall survival of the patient.
Methods: This study was conducted in colorectal division of Department of General and minimal invasive surgery in SKIMS Soura from June 2020 to May 2023. It was a prospective study comprising of 55 patients. The patients were studied in two groups: D2 and D3, and were compared on the basis of age group, gender, comorbidities, post operative complications, lymph node yield, operative time and mean blood loss.
Results: A total of 56 patients were divided into two groups; Group D2 (n=33) and Group D3 (n=23) with majority having above 70-year age in D2 and 50-59 years of age in D3. There was no predilection for any gender. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity in both the study groups. There were statistically insignificant differences between two groups in terms of post operative complications, mean operative time and mean operative blood loss. Majority of the patients in both the groups had Clavein Dindo Grade I 16 (48.5%) in D2 and 13 (56.5%) in D3. Mean lymph node yield in Group D2 was 14.3±2.27 and in Group D3 lymph node yield was 23.7±4.86.
Conclusions: D3 dissection in colon cancer resulted in a significant higher lymph node yield. Although both the procedures have almost similar complication rate but D3 dissection is an oncologically superior procedure.
A case of ileal enterolith secondary to eosinophilic enteritic stricture causing small bowel obstruction: a rare case report
Authors: Winford Manna Elizabeth , Bhosle Datta , Momin Yasmin Altaf
Published: May 2024

Eosinophilic enteritis is an underdiagnosed and a rare inflammatory disease, that selectively affects the gastrointestinal tract with eosinophil rich inflammation in the absence of any known causes for eosinophilia. Enteroliths refer to stones formed in bowel due to severe stool stasis. They form around a nidus in layers which may contain calcification visible on radiographs. Here we present a case of a 65-year-old male with previous history of tuberculosis, who presented with transient small bowel obstruction with a large enterolith in distal ileum. He underwent exploratory laparotomy and was found to have an ileal stricture, secondary to eosinophilic enteritis. The post operative period was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on post operative day 8. Eosinophilic enteritis involves all layers of bowel wall and hence present with a wide range of symptoms from dyspepsia to bowel perforation. Stricture formation causing small bowel obstruction secondary to eosinophilic enteritis is rare. In this case report, stricture leads to stasis and formation of a fecolith, leading to small bowel obstruction. Eosinophilic enteritis needs to be considered as an important differential diagnosis for small bowel obstruction and small bowel strictures. In developing countries, as incidence of tuberculosis is high, it is common to wrongly diagnose a case of eosinophilic enteritis as tuberculosis. Thus, a strong clinical suspicion and awareness of this clinical entity are essential among surgical fraternity.
Diagnostic dilemma of right iliac fossa pain in females: a prospective study of 100 cases
Authors: Sayem M. Abu , Akter Rubina , Karim M. Rabiul , Siddiqua Afroja , Rahman Mohammad Mustafizur , Islam M. Shafiqul , Mollah Abu Sayed , Mollik M. Zakir , Mandal Sajib Chandra
Published: May 2024

Background: Right iliac fossa (RIF) pain in females presents a significant diagnostic challenge due to the wide range of potential underlying causes. This study aims to elucidate the complexities and diagnostic dilemmas associated with RIF pain in females, focusing on the prevalence of various conditions, the utility of laboratory markers, and the outcomes of surgical interventions.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Medical College Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh and involved 100 female patients provisionally diagnosed with acute appendicitis. The study included females aged 12 years and above, presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute appendicitis and who were operable. Patients underwent clinical evaluations, laboratory testing, and, where indicated, surgical intervention, including appendectomy. Data were analyzed using SPSSV.19, with findings presented in table format.
Results: The most common presenting symptoms were central abdominal pain shifting to RIF, nausea, vomiting, and pyrexia (45%). Laparotomy findings indicated acute suppurative appendicitis in 68% of cases. Appendicectomy results showed a 61% positive diagnosis rate for appendicitis, with 23% negative appendicitis findings. Laboratory results revealed leukocytosis (>11000/mm3) in 66% and a neutrophil count of ≥70% in 71% of the cases. Histopathological analysis post-appendectomy revealed 57.14% acute appendicitis, 15.48% gangrenous appendicitis, and 27.38% normal vermiform appendix.
Conclusions: The study highlights the diagnostic challenges in females presenting with RIF pain, with a significant rate of negative appendicitis diagnoses post-appendectomy. The findings underscore the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach and suggest the potential utility of laboratory markers in supporting diagnoses. The study advocates for improved diagnostic criteria and methods to enhance accuracy and patient outcomes.
Dossiê "Direitos e Conhecimentos de Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais"
Authors: Barros Flávio Bezerra , Porro Noemi Sakiara Miyasaka , Moreira Eliane , Matos Keila
Published: June 2024

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Flota do Paru: reflexões preliminares sobre extrativismo e concessões florestais
Authors: Martins Carlyle Oliveira , Dos Santos Elber Norton de Souza , Santana Janaina Braga , De Assis Jessica Rossy , Fidelis Juliana Cardoso , De Carvalho Luciana Gonçalves
Published: June 2024

Resumo: resultante de um levantamento preliminar de dados históricos, socioeconômicos e etnográficos realizado num programa de extensão que atua junto a comunidades do interior e do entorno da Floresta Estadual do Paru, a primeira floresta estadual do Pará a passar por concessões florestais, o texto delineia aspectos-chave para compreensão da complexidade da situação social nessa área.
Palavras-chave: Florestas Públicas. Concessões florestais. Flota do Paru (Pará).
A Palavra Mágica no Islã: "Shahada", um Rito de Iniciação na Fé Islâmica
Authors: Da Cruz Josilene Silva , Gomes Eunice Simões Lins
Published: June 2024

Resumo: neste artigo pretendemos apresentar a relevÃ¢ncia dos ritos dentro da religiÃ£o islÃ¢mica principalmente os ritos que constituem os pilares da fÃ© ressaltando a Shadada como um rito iniciatÃ³rio. Nossa metodologia se pautarÃ¡ em pesquisa descritiva bibliogrÃ¡fica na qual estaremos fazendo uma relaÃ§Ã£o com a teoria do mito de Ernst Cassirer, essencialmente os argumentos apresentados na sua obra Linguagem e Mito (2009) demonstrando o poder da palavra como â??arquipotÃªnciaâ?. Deste modo para realizarmos a anÃ¡lise proposta temos tambÃ©m como fundamentaÃ§Ã£o a hermenÃªutica, pois a utilizaremos como um viÃ©s interpretativo em nosso artigo. Realizando uma conexÃ£o entre os argumentos trazidos por Cassirer na obra supracitada e relacionado-os com o rito da Shahada que Ã© comumente conhecido como sua profissÃ£o de fÃ©. Com este estudo pudemos verificar neste rito uma espÃ©cie de consagraÃ§Ã£o Ã  Deus (Allah) e no qual a palavra se constitui como elemento mÃ¡gico-transformador, ressaltando a crenÃ§a monoteÃ­sta como principal fundamento da fÃ© islÃ¢mica.
Palavras-chave: Rito de iniciaÃ§Ã£o. OraÃ§Ã£o. HermenÃªutica. Palavra. Islamismo.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA SANTA-MÃEZINHA E A MATERNIDADE DA MULHER NEGRA NO BRASIL COLÔNIA
Authors: Silva Rosemary Francisca Neves , Carvalho Gabriela Silva
Published: June 2024

Durante o processo de colonização do Brasil, adestrar a mulher fazia parte do projeto civilizatório, e este adestramento se fez a serviço da colonização. O projeto colonial de normatização da mulher atravessava todos os aspectos, inclusive o da maternidade, que deveria ser utilizada a serviço do processo de povoamento da colônia. Porém, as mulheres da colônia não formavam um grupo homogêneo. E sabe-se que, na maioria dos casos, o espaço para exercer a maternidade, era dentro da família branca, obstruindo assim a possibilidade da mulher negra de constituírem seus próprios laços afetivos e reprodutivos. É esse antagonismo da família senhorial e das mulheres escravizadas, que iremos abordar, dentro da prática da maternidade, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e uma hermenêutica negra. Era concebido à mulher branca o direito da maternidade e educação dos filhos, juntamente com o título de santa-mãezinha, embora quem realizasse o trabalho fosse a mulher escrava “mãe-preta” do Brasil - colônia.
ECOS DE HABACUC PARA A ATUALIDADE: A FIDELIDADE DO JUSTO FRENTE À INJUSTIÇA SOCIAL.
Authors: De Oliveira José Batista
Published: June 2024

Resenha do livro do Prof. Dr. Jeová Rodrigues dos Santos. Título: Ecos de Habacuc para a atualidade: A fidelidade do justo frente à injustiça social.
“SUJEITO COLETIVO” MODERNO E FORMAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: DESDOBRAMENTOS HISTÓRICOS DO PROJETO DESENVOLVIMENTISTA BRASILEIRO
Authors: Maia Júlio César , Da Silveira Carla Carolina Rodrigues , Sacardo Michele Silva
Published: June 2024

A presente investigação, de caráter bibliográfico e documental, toma como ponto de partida a relação entre o ímpeto “monopolista”, concebido ao regime de acumulação fordista, e a peculiaridade do projeto desenvolvimentista brasileiro. Na sequência busca identificar os primeiros sentidos atribuídos à formação em Educação Física diante da chegada deste regime de acumulação no Brasil. Divide-se, portanto, em duas seções, respectivamente objetivadas em apreender a receptividade do fordismo sobre a realidade brasileira e, tão logo, as imposições deste processo sobre o campo da formação em Educação Física. Deste movimento traz à tona, com base na recuperação historiográfica de documentos normativos que regulamentaram a formação nesta área durante o intervalo das décadas 1930 e 1970, a característica transição dos projetos conformista e competitivsta de Educação Física, bem como as contradições assumidas por cada um destes projetos no tocante ao processo de formação do “sujeito coletivo” moderno brasileiro.
LINGUAGENS, CÓDIGOS E TECNOLOGIAS NA BNCC DO ENSINO MÉDIO: ANÁLISE DO CONCEITO DE AUTONOMIA
Authors: Farias Rafael dos Reis , Fernandes Eliane Marquez da Fonseca
Published: June 2024

A BNCC para o EM, de LCT, aprofunda abordagens do EF. Sob a premissa de construir autonomia, conceito repetido incisivamente no documento, nos propusemos a identificar “estranhezas” no plano regente educacional sobre autores que, reconhecidamente, estão em sua bibliografia. Metodologicamente, principiamos pela pesquisa bibliográfica e seguimos à qualitativa do conceito de autonomia na BNCC (2017). Nosso foco esteve entre Bakhtin (1959/61/81/2006) e Paulo Freire (1996), que, por análises intertextuais e interdiscursivas da BNCC (2017), podem ser percebidos. Também nos foi necessário comparar o que propõem os PCN para a educação da mesma área e a BNCC, pois muitos educadores vislumbram erroneamente que um documento surgiu em substituição a outro. Os resultados apontam que, na BNCC (2017), o conceito de autonomia se preserva em relação ao que propuseram os PCN (1998) e que muitas das “novidades” trazidas pelo documento de 2017 já haviam sido “alardeadas” em outros momentos da Educação Brasileira.
RELIGIOSIDADE E ESPIRITUALIDADE COMO BARREIRA PARA O TRATAMENTO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS PSICOATIVAS
Authors: Barbosa Dioogo Jacintho , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Gomes Marcia Pereira , Nogueira Virginia Paiva Figueiredo
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as barreiras e dificuldades encontradas no uso da religiosidade e espiritualidade como ferramenta de apoio no tratamento do uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas. É uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Metodologia: Foi realizado levantamento de dados nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e da Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina do Instituto Nacional de Saúde dos Estados Unidos (PubMed), sem cronograma. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que as principais dificuldades encontradas para a implantação da religiosidade e espiritualidade como ferramenta de apoio no tratamento do uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas são: Desordem espiritual; Substituição de dependência; Predominância da religiosidade sobre a espiritualidade; Variabilidade da conformidade entre o profissional e o paciente; Estigma e preconceito. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que são necessários mais estudos que possam modificar os impactos positivos e negativos da inserção da religiosidade e espiritualidade no cuidado.