bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pressure-induced structural phase transition in Li4Ge
Authors: Hao Chun-Mei , Li Yunguo , Zhu Qiang , Chen Xin-Yi , Wang Zhan-Xin , Li Yan-Ling
Published: September 2018

The structural, dynamic, elastic, and electronic properties of Li4Ge were investigated by means of evolutionary crystal structure prediction in conjunction with first-principles calculations.
A novel metal–organic framework based on hexanuclear Co(ii) clusters as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: He Yuan-Chun , Yu Yang , Wang Lingyan , Yang Jiaqin , Kan Wei-Qiu , Yang Yan , Fan Yao-Yao , Jing Zhihong , You Jinmao
Published: September 2018

A new metal–organic framework, [Co(L)]·1.5H2O (1), has been successfully synthesized, where its electrochemical application has been investigated.
Trace fluorine substituted calcium deficient hydroxyapatite with excellent osteoblastic activity and antibacterial ability
Authors: Wang Liping , Wang Ming , Li Miao , Shen Zhiyong , Wang Yunli , Shao Yiran , Zhu Yingchun
Published: September 2018

In natural metabolic apatite, defects play an important role in osteoblastic activity and have attracted considerable interest in biomaterials chemistry.
Anion-encapsulating fullerenes behave as large anions: a DFT study
Authors: Davis Della Therese , Suresh Cherumuttathu H.
Published: September 2018

Density functional theory studies propose anion-encapsulating fullerene systems as large stable anions with closed shell configuration.
Model – free approach to quadrupole spin relaxation in solid 209Bi-aryl compounds
Authors: Kruk Danuta , Goesweiner Christian , Masiewicz Elzbieta , Umut Evrim , Sampl Carina , Scharfetter Hermann
Published: September 2018

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) experiments were performed for deuterated and non-deuterated triphenylbismuth (BiPh3) to inquire into 209Bi relaxation mechanisms.
TD DFT insights into unusual properties of excited sandwich complexes: structural transformations and vibronic interactions in Rydberg-state bis(η6-benzene)chromium
Authors: Ketkov Sergey Y. , Rychagova Elena A. , Tzeng Sheng-Yuan , Tzeng Wen-Bih
Published: September 2018

TD DFT calculations reveal specific features of the Jahn–Teller effect in the lowest Rydberg p state of a prototypical sandwich molecule.
Near-field depolarization of tip-enhanced Raman scattering by single azo-chromophores
Authors: Kharintsev Sergey S. , Gazizov Almaz R. , Salakhov Myakzyum Kh. , Kazarian Sergei G.
Published: September 2018

The tip-enhanced Raman scattering technique can be used to determine Raman tensors of vibrational modes of anisotropic polar molecules.
Superfine palladium nanocrystals on a polyphenylene framework for photocatalysis
Authors: Gu Yufan , Li Junjian , Xie Aming , Zhang Kun , Jiao Yingzhi , Dong Wei
Published: September 2018

To enable the recycling and recovery of these nanosized noble metals, various carriers are adopted for catalyst design.
Surprisingly high sensitivity of copper nanoparticles toward coordinating ligands: consequences for the hydride reduction of benzaldehyde
Authors: Frogneux Xavier , Borondics Ferenc , Lefrançois Stéphane , D'Accriscio Florian , Sanchez Clément , Carenco Sophie
Published: September 2018

Depending on the ligand, ligand-induced leaching of copper nanoparticles may produce catalytically active species for the reduction of benzaldehyde.
A comprehensively revised strategy that improves the specific activity and long-term stability of clinically relevant89Zr-immuno-PET agents
Authors: Bhatt Nikunj B. , Pandya Darpan N. , Rideout-Danner Stephanie , Gage Howard D. , Marini Frank C. , Wadas Thaddeus J.
Published: September 2018

Zirconium-89 is currently being used in numerous clinical trials involving monoclonal antibodies and positron emission tomography. A comprehensively revised protocol for the production, quality control and long-term storage of89Zr-immuno-PET radiopharmaceuticals.
Quenching H2O2 residuals after UV/H2O2 oxidation using GAC in drinking water treatment
Authors: Huang Yifeng , Nie Zhijie , Wang Chengjin , Li Yi , Xu Mindy , Hofmann Ron
Published: September 2018

Pilot-scale and lab-scale experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of granular activated carbon (GAC) to quench hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
Complete digestion of edible bird's nest releases freeN-acetylneuraminic acid and small peptides: an efficient method to improve functional properties
Authors: Wong Zack C. F. , Chan Gallant K. L. , Wu Kevin Q. Y. , Poon Karman K. M. , Chen Yicun , Dong Tina T. X. , Tsim Karl W. K.
Published: September 2018

Digestion is an effective strategy to improve the functional properties (skin whitening and osteogenic effect) of edible bird's nest.
A fucoidan from sea cucumber Pearsonothuria graeffei with well-repeated structure alleviates gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic syndromes in HFD-fed mice
Authors: Li Shan , Li Junhui , Mao Guizhu , Wu Tiantian , Hu Yaqin , Ye Xingqian , Tian Ding , Linhardt Robert J. , Chen Shiguo
Published: September 2018

A high-fat diet (HFD) has been a major contributor to increasing morbidity caused by metabolic syndromes.
Synthesis, crystal growth, physio-chemical characterization and quantum chemical calculations of NLO active metal–organic crystal: dibromo(4-hydroxy-l-proline)cadmium(ii) for non-linear optical applications
Authors: Boopathi K. , Babu S. Moorthy , Jagan R. , Athimoolam S. , Ramasamy P.
Published: September 2018

Single crystals of DB4HPC, a new metal–organic complex, have been grown from saturated solution for the first time. DB4HPC crystallizes in a monoclinic crystal system with noncentrosymmetric space group P21 and is thermally stable up to 240 °C.
Solvent-free aerobic selective oxidation of hydrocarbons catalyzed by porous graphitic carbon encapsulated cobalt composites
Authors: Jiang Yuchen , Zhang Chenjun , Li Yue , Jiang Pingping , Jiang Jiusheng , Leng Yan
Published: September 2018

Cobalt particles encapsulated in graphitic carbon (Co@C800) were demonstrated to be an effective catalyst for the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons.
Nitrogen-enriched porous carbon supported Pd-nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for the transfer hydrogenation of alkenes
Authors: Li Jie , Zhou Xin , Shang Ning-Zhao , Feng Cheng , Gao Shu-Tao , Wang Chun
Published: September 2018

Well-dispersed Pd nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-enriched porous carbon were prepared and this material displayed excellent catalytic activity for the transfer hydrogenation of alkenes. The Pd@NPC catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity and stability for the hydrogenation of alkenes.
Plasmon induced magneto-optical enhancement in metallic Ag/FeCo core/shell nanoparticles synthesized by colloidal chemistry
Authors: López-Ortega Alberto , Takahashi Mari , Maenosono Shinya , Vavassori Paolo
Published: September 2018

Chemically synthesized Ag/FeCo core/shell nanoparticles show plasmon induced magneto-optical enhanced properties comparable to the best results reported for nanostructure growth by physical methods.
Observation of physisorption in a high-performance FET-type oxygen gas sensor operating at room temperature
Authors: Hong Seongbin , Shin Jongmin , Hong Yoonki , Wu Meile , Jang Dongkyu , Jeong Yujeong , Jung Gyuweon , Bae Jong-Ho , Jang Ho Won , Lee Jong-Ho
Published: September 2018

An FET-type gas sensor with a horizontal gate enabled sensing of O2 gas with excellent performance at room temperature.
Highly efficient and stable semi-transparent perovskite solar modules with a trilayer anode electrode
Authors: Lee Kun-Mu , Chen Kai-Shiang , Wu Jia-Ren , Lin Yan-Duo , Yu Sheng-Min , Chang Sheng Hsiung
Published: September 2018

Highly efficient and stable semi-transparent CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite photovoltaic cells are realized by using an ITO/MoOx bilayer conductive oxide as the anode electrode with a cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b′]dithiophene (CT) based hole-transport material (HTM), which allows bifacial illumination from both sides of the electrodes.
Androsterone-based gels enable diastereospecific reductions and diastereoselective epoxidations of gelators
Authors: Li Tao , Chen Yu , Li Chunbao
Published: September 2018

A quantitative, diastereospecific and conventionally unachievable reduction of the carbonyl group was achieved in the gels of seven gelators.
Recent advances in β-lactam synthesis
Authors: Hosseyni Seyedmorteza , Jarrahpour Aliasghar
Published: September 2018

During the past century, β-lactams have been identified as the core of penicillin and since then several strategies have been developed for their synthesis.
Tailoring yolk–shell FeP@carbon nanoboxes with engineered void space for pseudocapacitance-boosted lithium storage
Authors: Wang Qiong , Wang Boya , Zhang Zhi , Zhang Yin , Peng Jing , Zhang Yun , Wu Hao
Published: September 2018

A unique yolk–shell FeP@C nanobox is synthesized by an etching-in-box combined with a phosphidation-in-box approach, manifesting remarkable pseudocapacitance-boosted lithium ion storage properties.
Retracted Article: ASIC1a involves acidic microenvironment-induced activation and autophagy of pancreatic stellate cells
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Qian-qian , Pan Gui-xia , Jia Guo-rong , Li Xiao , Wang Chao , Zhang Li-ming , Zuo Chang-jing
Published: September 2018

Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is expressed in pancreatic stellate cells and is involved in acidosis-induced activation and autophagy.
Label-free and real-time monitoring of human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in 2D and 3D cell culture systems using impedance cell sensors
Authors: Song Jun Ho , Lee Sun-Mi , Yoo Kyung-Hwa
Published: September 2018

3D impedance cell sensors are developed to monitor hMSC differentiation in label-free and real-time. Analyzing capacitance and conductance with these sensors shows that osteoblast and adipocyte lineages can be discriminated non-invasively in 3D cell culture systems.
Al(iii)-responsive “off–on” chemosensor based on rhodamine derivative and its application in cell imaging
Authors: Yu Chunwei , Jian Li , Ji Yuxiang , Zhang Jun
Published: September 2018

In this work, a new rhodamine chemosensor (P) with excellent photochromic properties upon vis irradiation was designed and synthesized.
A new fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensor for Al3+ and F−/CN− based on a julolidine unit and its bioimaging in living cells
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Fan Congbin , Tu Yayi , Pu Shouzhi
Published: September 2018

A novel multifunctional chemosensor HL bearing a julolidine unit and a Schiff base unit has been synthesized.
Mesoporous anodic α-Fe2O3 interferometer for organic vapor sensing application
Authors: Liang Feng-Xia , Liang Lin , Zhao Xing-Yuan , Tong Xiao-Wei , Hu Ji-Gang , Lin Yi , Luo Lin-Bao , Wu Yu-Cheng
Published: September 2018

Mesoporous α-Fe2O3 interferometers with well-resolved optical fringes can display high sensitivity to organic vapors.
Accurate estimation of the polymer coverage of hairy nanoparticles
Authors: Asai Makoto , Zhao Dan , Kumar Sanat K.
Published: September 2018

We develop the modified ES (mES) model based on the work of Daoud and Cotton on curved polymer brushes, which enables us to accurately estimate the polymer coverage on the surface. We find that the mES model quantitatively captures computer simulation results on the structure of the PGNPs and also quantitatively explains their self-assembly over a broad range of conditions.
Alumina anchored CQDs/TiO2 nanorods by atomic layer deposition for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting under solar light
Authors: Feng Min , Liu Ying , Wei Ning , Ma Shaochen , Li Zhaoxia , Li Hongguang , Chen Shougang , Liu Jian , Wang Daoai
Published: September 2018

Al2O3 anchored CQDs/branched TiO2 NRs achieve a high photocurrent density of 3.2 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE (AM 1.5 G).
Lithiophilic gel polymer electrolyte to stabilize the lithium anode for a quasi-solid-state lithium–sulfur battery
Authors: Han Dian-Dian , Liu Sheng , Liu Ya-Tao , Zhang Ze , Li Guo-Ran , Gao Xue-Ping
Published: September 2018

The lithiophilic gel polymer electrolyte is demonstrated to be feasible to stabilize the lithium anode in a quasi-solid-state Li–S battery.
Temperature dependence of the photo- and electroluminescence of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) based polymers
Authors: Rörich Irina , Schönbein Ann-Kathrin , Mangalore Deepthi Kamath , Halda Ribeiro Anielen , Kasparek Christian , Bauer Christian , Crăciun N. Irina , Blom Paul W. M. , Ramanan Charusheela
Published: September 2018

We show that the exciton transport and decay processes in two poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) based semiconducting polymers exhibit distinct temperature dependence based on the energetic disorder of the polymer.
Semi-transparent low-donor content organic solar cells employing cyclopentadithiophene-based conjugated molecules
Authors: Lee Jungho , Hernandez Jeff L. , Pelse Ian , Reynolds John R. , Yang Changduk
Published: September 2018

Considering the facile synthesis of the cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) building block, this study aims to synthesize and characterize two donor–acceptor type conjugated molecules, 2EH-CPDT(FBTTh2)2 and 5EN-CPDT(FBTTh2)2, with different branching points from the backbone.
Metal halide perovskites: stability and sensing-ability
Authors: Zhu Zhaohua , Sun Qian , Zhang Zhipeng , Dai Jie , Xing Guichuan , Li Shaozhou , Huang Xiao , Huang Wei
Published: September 2018

We review the investigations and mechanistic studies on the stability of metal-halide perovskites under external perturbations, and highlight recent attempts to apply them as sensors.
Dielectric phase transition triggered by the order–disorder transformation of cyclopropylamine in a layered organic–inorganic halide perovskite
Authors: Han Shiguo , Liu Xitao , Zhang Jing , Ji Chengmin , Wu Zhenyue , Tao Kewen , Wang Yuyin , Sun Zhihua , Luo Junhua
Published: September 2018

We used cyclopropylamine to construct a new layered inorganic–organic hybrid phase transition compound, which undergoes a solid-state phase transition around 273 K induced by the order–disorder transformation of organic moiety.
Structure-guided identification of function: role of Capsicum annuum vicilin during oxidative stress
Authors: Shikhi Meha , Nair Deepak T. , Salunke Dinakar M.
Published: September 2018

Proteins belonging to cupin superfamily are known to have critical and diverse physiological functions. However, 7S globulins family, which is also a part of cupin superfamily, were undermined as only seed storage proteins. Structure determination of native protein — Vic_CAPAN from Capsicum annuum — was carried out, and its physiological functions were explored after purifying the protein by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by size exclusion chromatography. The crystal structure of vicilin determined at 2.16 Å resolution revealed two monomers per asymmetric unit which are juxtaposed orthogonal with each other. Vic_CAPAN consists predominately of β-sheets that folds to form a β-barrel structure commonly called cupin fold. Each monomer of Vic_CAPAN consists of two cupin fold domains, N-terminal and C-terminal, which accommodate two different ligands. A bound ligand was identified at the C-terminal cupin fold in the site presumably conserved for metabolites in the crystal structure. The ligand was confirmed to be salicylic acid through mass spectrometric analysis. A copper-binding site was further observed near the conserved ligand-binding pocket, suggesting possible superoxide dismutase activity of Vic_CAPAN which was subsequently confirmed biochemically. Vicilins from other sources did not exhibit this activity indicating functional specificity of Vic_CAPAN. Discovery of bound salicylic acid, which is a known regulator of antioxidant pathway, and revelation of superoxide dismutase activity suggest that Vic_CAPAN has an important role during oxidative stress. As salicylic acid changes the redox state of cell, it may act as a downstream signal for various pathways involved in plant biotic and abiotic stress rescue.
Compact circular connected monopole antenna arrays for wideband MIMO applications
Authors: Ikram Muhammad , Sharawi Mohammad S. , Shamim Atif
Published: September 2018

In this work, a connected circular monopole antenna array is presented for ultra‐compact, wideband, multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) wireless access point applications. Two configurations of the circular array are considered; one with 4‐ and another with 8‐antenna elements using the same substrate size. The frequency bands covered were from 2.3 to 5.3 GHz (LTE 2.3–3.8 GHz, Bluetooth 2.4 GHz, wireless local area network 2.4, 5.2 GHz and WiMax 2.3 GHz). The obtained measured bandwidth was 3 and 2 GHz for the 4‐ and 8‐element arrays, respectively. The antenna system is fabricated on a commercially available Roger 4350 substrate with equal to 3.5 and height of 1.52 mm. The radius of the array is 32 mm (the most compact with wideband characteristics). The length of a single element is only 15 mm which is at the lowest frequency. The design is planar, low profile and very compact. Good MIMO performance is achieved.
Performance enhancement of graphene plasmonic nanoantennas for THz communication
Authors: Dash Sasmita , Patnaik Amalendu , Kaushik Brajesh Kumar
Published: September 2018

The concept and analysis of a graphene plasmonic nanoantenna over a SiO2/Si substrate at terahertz (THz) band are presented. The performance enhancement of the antenna is proposed by dynamically controlling the surface conductivity of graphene using an electric field effect. The controlling ability of graphene via gate voltage enables frequency reconfiguration of the antenna over a wide range of 2.56–4.98 THz. The performance merits of the antenna are its high directivity, broadside radiation pattern, low reflection coefficient, stable impedance and high miniaturisation. The proposed graphene plasmonic antenna has potential to be used for THz communication.
Data acquisition based on vehicular cloud
Authors: Dou Zhengxiong , Wang Xiaonan , Li Yanli
Published: September 2018

With technological advancements, vehicles are equipped with abundant storage capability and powerful computing capability. This leads to an advanced kind of vehicular ad hoc network service, which enables local collaborations among vehicles to produce service data an individual cannot make alone. To support this advanced service, a vehicular cloud (VC) is proposed. One VC usually adopts flooding to acquire data, so the data acquisition cost is relatively high. To reduce the cost, the authors employ the address‐based unicast to achieve data acquisition and propose a data acquisition method based on address‐based VC. In this method, the unicast address and data address are proposed to establish a relationship between one kind of specific data and an address. On the basis of the data address, a vehicle can retrieve data from the nearest VC member in the unicast way, so the data acquisition cost is reduced. This proposal is evaluated, and the data show that the data acquisition cost is effectively reduced.
Diagnosing aerosols in extrasolar giant planets with cross-correlation function of water bands
Authors: Pino Lorenzo , Ehrenreich David , Allart Romain , Lovis Christophe , Brogi Matteo , Malik Matej , Nascimbeni Valerio , Pepe Francesco , Piotto Giampaolo
Published: September 2018

Transmission spectroscopy with ground-based, high-resolution instruments provides key insight into the composition of exoplanetary atmospheres. Molecules such as water and carbon monoxide have been unambiguously identified in hot gas giants through cross-correlation techniques. A maximum in the cross-correlation function (CCF) is found when the molecular absorption lines in a binary mask or model template match those contained in the planet. Here, we demonstrate how the CCF method can be used to diagnose broadband spectroscopic features such as scattering by aerosols in high-resolution transit spectra. The idea consists in exploiting the presence of multiple water bands from the optical to the near-infrared. We have produced a set of models of a typical hot Jupiter spanning various conditions of temperature and aerosol coverage. We demonstrate that comparing the CCFs of individual water bands for the models constrains the presence and the properties of the aerosol layers. The contrast difference between the CCFs of two bands can reach ~100 ppm, which could be readily detectable with current or upcoming high-resolution stabilized spectrographs spanning a wide spectral range, such as ESPRESSO, CARMENES, HARPS-N+GIANO, HARPS+NIRPS, SPIRou, or CRIRES+.
Risikofaktoren für psychische Auffälligkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Infantiler Zerebralparese und Spina bifida
Authors: Kohleis Katy , Storck Markus , Geissler-preuss Sibylle , Hirsch Almut , Kuhn Florian , Ortfeld Stefan , Rapp Marion , Bode Harald
Published: September 2018

Hintergrund Kinder und Jugendliche mit infantiler Zerebralparese (CP) und mit Spina bifida (SB) haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für psychische Auffälligkeiten. Ziel dieser Studie war es, im Vergleich beider Gruppen krankheitsspezifische und psychosoziale Risikofaktoren mit der qualitativen Ausprägung psychischer Auffälligkeiten zu korrelieren.

Patienten In einer multizentrischen Querschnittstudie wurden 271 Patienten mit CP und 84 mit SB (Alter 3–17 Jahre) eingeschlossen.

Methoden Die Eltern beantworteten die Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), machten Angaben zum soziodemografischen Status und zur sozialen Teilhabe ihrer Kinder. Daten zum kognitiven, motorischen und sozialen Funktionsniveau der Patienten wurden aus den Akten bzw. durch die behandelnden Pädiater erhoben.

Ergebnisse 30,2% der CP und 18,1% der SB Patienten zeigten einen auffälligen SDQ-Gesamtproblemwert (Norm 10,0%). Erhöhte Prävalenzen bestanden fort, wenn für den IQ als Kovariate kontrolliert wurde. In beiden Gruppen wurden Korrelationen zwischen externalisierenden Auffälligkeiten (Verhaltensprobleme, Hyperaktivität) und Schweregrad (IQ-Minderung; motorische Beeinträchtigung) gefunden. Emotionale Probleme korrelierten – unabhängig vom Schweregrad – mit der sozialen Teilhabe. In beiden Gruppen bestanden nur schwache Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Geschlecht. Bei Berücksichtigung des IQ als Kovariate bestanden keine Gruppenunterschiede in der psychischen Symptomatik zwischen CP und SB-Patienten.

Schlussfolgerung Psychische Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit CP bzw. SB korrelieren mit verschiedenen Risikofaktoren (IQ, motorische Beeinträchtigung, Alter, Geschlecht, Teilhabe). Eine Verbesserung ihrer Früherkennung, der Teilhabe und psychotherapeutische Angebote sind erforderlich.
Evaluation of Radiation Dose and Image Quality using High-Pitch 70-kV Chest CT in Immunosuppressed Patients
Authors: Yel Ibrahim , Martin Simon , Wichmann Julian , Lenga Lukas , Albrecht Moritz , Bucher Andreas , Kaltenbach Benjamin , Polkowski Christoph , Booz Christian , Vogl Thomas , Hammerstingl Renate
Published: September 2018

Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate high-pitch 70-kV CT examinations of the thorax in immunosuppressed patients regarding radiation dose and image quality in comparison with 120-kV acquisition.

Materials and Methods The image data from 40 patients (14 women and 26 men; mean age: 40.9 ± 15.4 years) who received high-pitch 70-kV CT chest examinations were retrospectively included in this study. A control group (n = 40), matched by age, gender, BMI, and clinical inclusion criteria, had undergone standard 120-kV chest CT imaging. All CT scans were performed on a third-generation dual-source CT unit. For an evaluation of the radiation dose, the CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP), effective dose (ED), and size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) were analyzed in each group. The objective image quality was evaluated using signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR). Three blinded and independent radiologists evaluated subjective image quality and diagnostic confidence using 5-point Likert scales.

Results The mean dose parameters were significantly lower for high-pitch 70-kV CT examinations (CTDIvol, 2.9 ± 0.9 mGy; DLP, 99.9 ± 31.0 mGyxcm; ED, 1.5 ± 0.6 mSv; SSDE, 3.8 ± 1.2 mGy) compared to standard 120-kV CT imaging (CTDIvol, 8.8 ± 3.7mGy; DLP, 296.6 ± 119.3 mGyxcm; ED, 4.4 ± 2.1 mSv; SSDE, 11.6 ± 4.4 mGy) (P≤ 0.001). The objective image parameters (SNR: 7.8 ± 2.1 vs. 8.4 ± 1.8; CNR: 7.7 ± 2.4 vs. 8.3 ± 2.8) (P≥ 0.065) and the cumulative subjective image quality (4.5 ± 0.4 vs. 4.7 ± 0.3) (p = 0.052) showed no significant differences between the two protocols.

Conclusion High-pitch 70-kV thoracic CT examinations in immunosuppressed patients resulted in a significantly reduced radiation exposure compared to standard 120-kV CT acquisition without a decrease in image quality.

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Citation Format
Mn(II)-Catalyzed N-Acylation of Amines
Authors: Gong Hang , Ma Juan , Zhang Jingyu
Published: September 2018

A practical protocol has been developed here for the Mn(II)-catalyzed N-acylation of amines with high yields using N,N-dimethylformamide and other amides as the carbonyl source. The protocol is simple, does not require any acid, base, ligand, or other additives, and encompasses a broad substrate scope for primary, secondary, and heterocyclic amines.
Synthesis and Optical Resolution of 3,3,3′,3′-Tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol
Authors: Lin Xufeng , Zhou Qiaoxia , Pan Rihuang , Shan Huanyu
Published: September 2018

A novel chiral C2-symmetric spiro diol, 3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol (TMSIOL), was conveniently prepared via practical seven-step route from Bisphenol A in 45.1% overall yield. l-Menthyl chloroformate is used as optical resolving agent for the separation of the two enantiomers of TMSIOL.
Dffierent Effects of Human Neutrophil Elastase on Platelet Glycoproteins IIb and IIIa of Resting and Stimulated Platelets
Authors: Bykowska K , Pawlowska Z , Cierniewski C , Lopaciuk S , Kopeć M
Published: September 2018

The effect of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) on the structure and receptor activity of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex was studied. Resting platelets, which bound only traces of 125I-fibrinogen in the absence of ADR were found to be barely susceptible to HNE. As shown by immunoblotting experiments, treatment of such platelets with HNE (14 μg/ml) did not provoke a detectable cleavage of GPIIb but resulted in a partial digestion of GPIIIa and appearance of 110 kDa fragment. Such proteolytic modification of the GPIIb/IIIa complex was accompanied by a slight increase in the binding of fibrinogen to blood platelets in the absence of ADP. Treatment of partially activated platelets (spontaneous activation during washing procedure) with HNE caused a progressive loss of GPIIb and degradation of GPIIIa to 110 kDa and 60 kDa fragments. These spontaneously stimulated platelets had initially a high number of fibrinogen binding sites exposed, corresponding to approximately 50% of receptor capacity observed in platelets activated by the optimal concentration of ADP. Digestion of GPIIb/IIIa by HNE of such platelets markedly increased the exposure of fibrinogen receptors. Thus, the stimulation of platelets increases significantly the susceptibility of the GPIIb/IIIa complex to proteolysis by HNE. However, such modification of the GPIIb/IIIa does not destroy its function as a receptor for fibrinogen either on the resting or activated platelets.
Role of Active Center and Lysine Binding Sites of Plasmin in Plasmin-Induced Platelet Activation and Disaggregation
Authors: Lu He , Soria Claudine , Li Hong , Soria Jeannette , Lijnen H Roger , Perrot Jean Y , Caen Jacques P
Published: September 2018

Previous studies have shown that plasmin can activate platelets and - can also disperse platelet aggregates by degradation of fibrinogen bound to platelets. In this study, the role of the active center and the lysine binding sites (LBS) of human plasmin in activating platelets and in dispersing platelet aggresates is investigated using aprotinin and the tripeptide Val-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl to inhibit the active center and using epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to specifically block the LBS. Our results show that the catalytic activity of plasmin is indispensable both for activating platelets and for dispersing platelet aggregates. Binding of plasmin to platelets through the LBS enhances its activating potential, since both EACA (1 mM) and Lys-plasminogen (molar ratio of plasminogen:plasmin at 2:l to 4:1) inhibit plasmininduced platelet activation, whereas Glu-plasminogen at a molar ratio of 15: I had no effect. Furthermore, plasmin which lacks the LBS (miniplasmin), is about 3 fold less effective in activating platelets. Flowever, plasmin binding through the LBS is not absolutely required to disperse platelet aggregates, since EACA at 30 mmol/l was unable to prevent disaggregation by plasmin (half disaggregation time: 40 min in the presence of EACA against 27 min in its absence). It also appeared that fibrinogen receptors on activated platelets are resistant to plasmin degradation, and that disaggregation of plasmin-induced platelet aggregates was much slower than the degradation of fibrinogen by plasmin.
Fibrinolytic Activity in Rat Anaphylaxis
Authors: Fésüs László , Ölveti Éva , Csaba Béla , Muszbek László
Published: September 2018

The activity of fibrinolytic system measured by different methods and the concentration of plasma fibrinogen were determined in rats suffering mild or severe active anaphylactic shock.

In severe anaphylactic shock of Bordetella Pertussis Vaccine pretreated animals, the plasminogen activator content was markedly enhanced and the fibrinolytic activity significantly increased; however, the total inhibitor capacity did not change. The fall in fibrinogen concentration was only moderate. Similar but minor enhancement of fibrinolysis could be observed in mild anaphylaxis.

The results suggest that the activated plasminogen-plasmin system may contribute to the development of severe anaphylactic outcome in the rat. The possible pathogenic mode is discussed.
Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome
Authors: Arocha-Piñango C L , de Bosch N B , Torres A , Goldstein C , Nouel A , Argüello A , Carvajal Z , Guerrero B , Ojeda A , Rodriguez A , Rodriguez S
Published: September 2018

We describe six new cases of a hemorrhagic diathesis induced by contact with Lonomia achelous caterpillars. Onset of clinical bleeding varied between a few hours and 10 days post-exposure. Laboratory coagulation tests showed prolonged PT, PTT and ThT; normal platelets and a marked decrease of fibrinogen, factor V, plasminogen and factor XIII (including its subunits A and S). Factors VII, II and alfa 2 anti-plasmin were variably affected. In addition, activation of the fibrinolytic system and the generation of a procoagulant effect could also be demonstrated. Two cases developed severe hemorrhagic diathesis and one of them died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Different aspects of this rare syndrome are discussed in relation to its complex physiopathology and the variability observed in all clinical and laboratory manifestations. Therapeutic recommendations and some possible hazards following replacement transfusions are also considered.
Five Novel Mutations of the Protein S Active Gene (PROS 1) in 8 Norman Families
Authors: Duchemin Jérôme , Borg Jeanne-Yvonne , Borgel Delphine , Vasse Marc , Lévèque Hervé , Aiach Martine , Gandrille Sophie
Published: September 2018

To further elucidate the molecular basis for hereditary thrombophilia, we screened the protein S active gene in 11 families with type I deficiency, using a strategy based on denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of all the coding sequences. Fragments with an abnormal DGGE pattern were sequenced, and 5 novel mutations were identified in 8 families. The mutations were a 7-nucleotide deletion in exon II, a 4-nucleotide deletion in exon III, a T insertion in exon VII, a C to T transition transforming Leu 259 into Pro and a T to C transition transforming Cys 625 into Arg in 4 families. These mutations were the only sequence variations found in the propositus’ gene exons and co-segregated with the plasma phenotype. A total of 28 members of these 8 families were heterozygous for one of the 5 mutations. Twenty-four (58,5%) of the 41 deficient subjects over 18 years of age had clinical thrombophilia, whereas the 13 subjects under 18 were asymptomatic. Of the 28 subjects, 6 (21,5%) were also found to bear the factor V Arg 506 Gin mutation.
Neurobiologisch informierte Psychopathologie psychotischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Stegmayer K. , Strik W. , Walther S.
Published: September 2018

Hintergrund: Die Symptomatik der Schizophrenie ist vielgestaltig und kann sowohl interindividuell als auch intraindividuell stark variieren. Eine dimensionale Betrachtung der Symptomgruppen hat sich insgesamt als erfolgreich durchgesetzt, mit einem Vorteil für komplexere Modelle. Allerdings lässt sich trotz der differenzierten Erhebung selten ein direktes neuronales Korrelat mit Methoden der modernen Hirnforschung erstellen. Methode: Neben der Diskussion dimensionaler Modelle stellen wir hier eine neuartige, neurobiologisch informierte Psychopathologie vor. Abgeleitet aus den Kerneinschränkungen in der Kommunikation und den zugrundeliegenden Hirnsystemen haben wir ein dreidimensionales Modell psychotischer Erkrankungen erstellt. Hierbei werden Sprache, Affekte und Motorik abgebildet. Ergebnis: Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Stichproben etablierten die Dimensionsstruktur und zeigten deutliche Zusammenhänge zwischen veränderter Neuroanatomie und Symptomausprägung. Ziel wäre es, mit dem Wissen über die Pathomechanismen präzise Interventionen für die geeigneten Patienten zu entwickeln.
Sollten Psychiater mehr über Public Mental Health wissen?
Authors: Schomerus G. , Riedel-Heller S. G.
Published: September 2018

Hintergrund: Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zum Verständnis und zu Forschungs- und Handlungsfeldern von Public Mental Health und verweist auf eine substanzielle Wissensbasis. Zudem werden Entwicklungslinien des international an Bedeutung gewinnenden Bereiches in Deutschland aufgezeigt. Obgleich das Engagement der Psychiatrie für diese Forschungs- und Handlungsfelder eine lange Tradition hat, entspricht die Positionierung des Bereiches nicht der bevölkerungsmedizinischen Relevanz psychischer Erkrankungen. Ziel: Auf die Notwendigkeit der Stärkung von Kompetenzen von Psychiatern in Public Mental Health wird verwiesen.
Developing a postgraduate curriculum for European psychiatry
Authors: Gaebel W. , Hermans M. , Muijen M. , Sönmez E. , Kerst A.
Published: September 2018

Background: The internal market of the European Union allows medical professionals, like psychiatrists, to work in their country of choice. Although the medical qualification is recognized in other countries, considerable differences in education remain. Objective: This article gives an overview of the current state of psychiatric training in Europe, previous efforts to harmonize it and future directions for action. Results: Psychiatric training in Europe is highly diverse. There is no official body within the European Union (EU) that is responsible for training harmonization. Despite previous efforts to generate common European standards for post-graduate training in psychiatry, the implementation continues to be a major challenge. Conclusion: The European Psychiatric Association (EPA), the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS), the World Health Organization (WHO) Europe and the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) have decided to revive previous work on harmonized post-graduate education and created the Task Force on Education in European Psychiatry (TFEEP) in order to reach a training and education consensus in Europe. The creation of an attractive and high quality framework which is based on the needs of modern psychiatric practice and sensitive to European traditions and values is the main aim to be pursued in future.
The phosphor temperature measurement of white light-emitting diodes based on magnetic nanoparticle thermometer
Authors: Du Zhongzhou , Sun Yi , Su Rijian , Wei Kai , Gan Yong , Ye Na , Zou Chao , Liu Wenzhong
Published: September 2018

There is much debate about whether the junction temperature or phosphor temperature is higher in white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The main reason is that the junction and phosphor temperatures cannot be measured directly using traditional temperature measurement tools. In this study, a magnetic nanoparticle thermometer, a nondestructive and precise temperature measurement tool, is introduced and described in detail. The model, measurement principle, and experimental setup are described. The temperature of the phosphor layer and the top surface of the P-N junction in white LEDs was measured directly using the magnetic nanoparticle thermometer, and the results show that the phosphor layer temperature was higher than the chip top surface temperature at different input voltages, providing a reference for relative researchers.
Complexification and integrability in multidimensions
Authors: Fokas A. S. , van der Weele M. C.
Published: September 2018

The complexification of the independent variables of nonlinear integrable evolution partial differential equations (PDEs) in two space dimensions, like the celebrated Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Davey-Stewartson (DS) equations, yields nonlinear integrable equations in genuine 4 + 2, namely, in four real space dimensions (x1, x2, y1, y2) and two real time dimensions (t1, t2), as opposed to two complex space dimensions and one complex time dimension. The associated initial value problem for such equations, namely, the problem where the dependent variables are specified for all space variables at t1 = t2 = 0, can be solved via a non-local d-bar formalism. Here, the details of this formalism for the 4 + 2 DS system are presented. Furthermore, the linearised version of the 3 + 1 reduction of the 4 + 2 DS system is discussed. The construction of the nonlinear 3 + 1 reduction remains open, in spite of the fact that multi-soliton solutions for the 3 + 1 DS system already exist.
Automated motion-artifact correction in an OCTA image using tensor voting approach
Authors: Li Ang , Zeng Guang , Du Congwu , Zhang Huiping , Pan Yingtian
Published: September 2018

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a promising tool for imaging subsurface microvascular networks owing to its micron-level resolution and high sensitivity. However, it is not uncommon that OCTA imaging suffers from strip artifacts induced by tissue motion. Although various algorithms for motion correction have been reported, a method that enables motion correction on a single en face OCTA image remains a challenge. In this study, we propose a motion correction approach based on microvasculature detection and broken gap filling. Unlike previous methods using registration to restore disturbed vasculature during motion artifact removal, tensor voting is performed in an individual projected image to connect the broken vasculature. Both simulation and in vivo 3D OCTA imaging of the mouse bladder are performed to validate the effectiveness of this method. A comparison of in vivo images before and after motion correction shows that our method effectively corrects tissue motion artifacts while preserving the continuity of vasculature network. Furthermore, in vivo results of this technique are presented to demonstrate its utility for imaging tumor angiogenesis in the mouse bladder.
Magnetoacoustic shocks with geometrical effects in spin−12 dense plasmas
Authors: Jahangir R. , Ali S. , Mirza Arshad M.
Published: September 2018

The propagation characteristics of magnetoacoustic shock waves are investigated in an electron-ion dense magnetoplasma that accounts for spin−12 electrons and geometrical effects within the framework of a two-fluid quantum magnetohydrodynamic model. For this purpose, we have employed the reductive perturbation technique and derived small-amplitude planar Korteweg de Vries Burgers (KdVB) and cylindrical KdVB equations. Numerically, cylindrical KdVB equations are analyzed by choosing the plasma parameters consistent with compact astrophysical systems. It is observed that the density, magnetic field, and viscosity are the parameters that ascertain significant modifications in the structure and propagation of magnetoacoustic shock waves. The amplitude of the shock wave becomes larger in the case of cylindrical geometry and propagates faster than that of planar shock waves. Furthermore, the results are compared with analytical solutions in the limit of earlier times to show an excellent agreement of the results. However, the magnetization energy is found to mitigate the amplitude of shock structures in a dense magnetoplasma where quantum spin effects cannot be ignored.
Functional gradient effects on the energy absorption of spider orb webs
Authors: Guo Yang , Chang Zheng , Li Bo , Zhao Zi-Long , Zhao Hong-Ping , Feng Xi-Qiao , Gao Huajian
Published: September 2018

Owing to their exquisite geometric structures and excellent mechanical properties, spider orb webs possess an outstanding ability to capture flying prey. In this work, we report a mechanism that enhances the energy absorption ability of spider webs. Through systematic measurements of the mechanical properties of both spiral and radial silks, we find that the spiral silks feature a distinct gradient variation in the diameter and tensile stiffness along the radial direction of the web, while the radial silks have a much higher but approximately uniform stiffness. A mechanical model is proposed to reveal the functional gradient effects on the energy absorption of the web. The results show that due to the gradient variation in the mechanical properties of spiral silks, the web exhibits a nearly uniform energy absorption ability regardless of the position where a flying prey impacts the web. This optimal structural feature of the web greatly enhances its efficiency and robustness in prey capture. This work not only helps understand the optimal mechanisms of spider webs but also provides clues for designing anti-impact structures.
Bifurcation in deformation mechanism to overcome strength-ductility paradox in metal-ceramic multilayer thin-films
Authors: Mungole Tarang , Mansoor Bilal , Ayoub Georges , Field David P.
Published: September 2018

Nanocrystalline multilayer thin-films are manufactured in configurations of alternating porous ceramic (TiN) layers of relatively high thickness (hceramic) with metal (Ti) layers of low thicknesses (0.8 nm < hmetal < 34 nm) and keeping a constant modulation ratio (η ∼ hceramic/hmetal ∼ 17.5). As hmetal decreases, the overall co-deformation mechanism in the multilayer films bifurcates into the dislocation dominant confined layer slip (CLS) mechanism in the metal and diffusional creep dominant processes in the porous ceramic layer at hmetal ∼ 6.7 nm. This bifurcation leads to simultaneously achieving the highest strain hardening rate due to the CLS mechanism in one layer and the highest strain rate sensitivity value due to the diffusional flow in the other and overcoming the strength-ductility paradox in multilayer thin-film materials at low temperatures.
Note: Simultaneous modulation transfer spectroscopy on transitions of multiple atomic species for compact laser frequency reference modules
Authors: Mihm Moritz , Lampmann Kai , Wenzlawski André , Windpassinger Patrick
Published: September 2018

We present a technique for simultaneous laser frequency stabilization on transitions of multiple atomic species with a single optical setup. The method is based on modulation transfer spectroscopy, and the signals are separated by modulating at different frequencies and electronically filtered. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate simultaneous spectroscopy of the potassium D1, D2 and rubidium D2 transitions. The technique can be extended in principle to other atomic species given the availability of optics and cells and allows the development of versatile and compact frequency reference modules.
Effective surface tension of liquid marbles using controllable nanoparticle monolayers
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Wang Renxian , Shi Haixiao , Song Bihai
Published: September 2018

The effective surface tension (γeff) of liquid marbles is a frequently used, but perplexing concept and clarifying this tension has been challenging, mainly due to difficulties in controlling affecting factors from marble surface particles, including particle agglomeration and areal particle density. In this study, we addressed this issue using water marbles covered by nanoparticle monolayers, which produced a simple physical model with controlled particle coverage. The results from sessile and pendant drop measurements reveal that under high particle density, γeff depends on very specific conditions including the measurement method and all liquid marble parameters such as the shape, smoothness, and coverage ratio. The contradictory deviation of γeff from water surface tension with the two methods implies that γeff can reflect only the macroscopic properties of the marbles rather than interparticle forces as was previously assumed. The surface solidity produced by local or overall particle jamming, which is a common, underappreciated phenomenon, is believed to account for this limitation. The concept of equivalence quality is proposed herein, which describes the degree of shape similarity between a liquid marble and a naked droplet, and is thought to be important when addressing the γeff of liquid marbles.
Experimental decoupling of cylindrical flexoelectric coefficients
Authors: Liu Kaiyuan , Zhang Shuwen , Wu Tonghui , Xu Minglong , Shen Shengping
Published: September 2018

Flexoelectricity is a property of all dielectric materials in which they polarize in response to deformation gradients such as those produced by pressing, bending, or twisting, and knowledge of flexoelectric coefficients is essential when considering the applications of flexoelectricity. Here, we describe an experimental approach to the measurement of cylindrical flexoelectric coefficients of polyvinylidene fluoride. Two specimens are designed to generate and decouple the corresponding strain gradients. Theoretical and finite element analyses are developed and simplified, and specimen designs are then tested to obtain multiple strain-gradient-coupled electric polarization charges. The flexoelectric coefficients μφzρρ and μφzzρ are then decoupled, using two independent equations together with the experimental data. This work provides an experimental method that can be used to obtain multiple unknown flexoelectric coefficient tensor components by imposition of a twisting load, and it reveals the potential for the application of flexoelectricity in irregular structures in complex environments.
Simultaneous rectification of heat and light using liquid crystal
Authors: Santos Sílvio J. , Andrade Jair , Pereira Erms
Published: September 2018

The detection and treatment of signals are proper applications of, for example, thermal and optical diodes. However, such devices are mono-physical ones, rectifying only one kind of energy. Here, we show a thermal-optical diode that rectifies heat and light simultaneously. It consists of a capillary tube keeping a nematic liquid crystal that holds an escaped radial disclination: an axial asymmetric defect spontaneously arises in cylindrical cavities. Using the properties of the 5CB liquid crystal, we numerically measured thermal and optical rectifications of 3.5% and 120%, respectively, comparable to those of carbon nanotube thermal diodes and photonic-crystal-based optical diodes. From thermal, shape, and molecular studies developed in this work, we concluded that low working heat flux eases both optical and thermal rectifications, miniaturizing that the thermal-optical diodes favor thermal and disfavor optical rectifications, and both rectifications have different optimal molecular configurations. We believe that the presented thermal-optical diode can contribute to save materials, increase information processed, miniaturize complex systems, and develop new structured devices.