bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Make Necessary Pit Stops
Authors: Smith Dina Denham , Grandey Alicia A.
Published: February 2025

After an emotionally charged event, emotion regulation strategies are essential for leaders to learn and recover from these events, improving future performance and well-being. Failure to acknowledge and address emotions can lead to mind traps and strained relationships. This chapter shares three key overarching strategies (the 3 Rs) for processing emotions following triggering events: reframe, reflect, and restore. Reframing alters emotional responses by reinterpreting the meaning of the situation and how you see yourself as a leader, via the approaches of emotion reappraisal and self-compassion. Reflecting does so by journaling about the event and seeking social support. These help to process and name emotions and promote self-awareness and personal growth. Finally, restoring involves engaging in activities that promote detachment, autonomy, relaxation, and engagement, which are essential for replenishing emotional resources. Evidence and tools for each of these strategies are provided.
The Emotional Dynamics of Diversity
Authors: Smith Dina Denham , Grandey Alicia A.
Published: February 2025

This chapter articulates how leading a diverse workforce requires emotional skills. First, it delves into the broad nature of diversity, which includes task-related and social-related differences, and both observable and less visible attributes. It then explores how diverse teams, while rich in potential, can also face challenges rooted in emotional dynamics. Specifically, diverse teams tend to take longer to build trust and collaborate effectively, with the potential for interpersonal disagreements and conflict, requiring leaders to effectively navigate these emotionally charged dynamics to help the team perform. The chapter highlights the importance of reframing conflicts as learning conversations, employing nonviolent communication techniques, and fostering climates of inclusion to mitigate tensions. Finally, it provides a three-step approach to aid leaders in cultivating and showing the authentic humility required for building a more inclusive team culture.
On Obtaining National Security Information
Authors: Schauer Frederick
Published: February 2025

As far back as the events surrounding the Pentagon Papers litigation in 1971, it has been widely understood that the right to publish national security information, even illegally obtained national security information, is different from and greater than the right to obtain that information in the first place. Although the Nixon administration’s clumsy attempt to influence the trial of Daniel Ellsberg derailed Ellsberg’s prosecution, the understanding at the time was that Ellsberg could justifiably and constitutionally be punished for unlawfully obtaining the documents even if the New York Times could not constitutionally be prohibited from (or punished for) publishing the information originally unlawfully obtained. More recently, however, events surrounding WikiLeaks and others who disclose confidential national security information have raised again the circumstances, if any, under which those who leak national security information can be punished, and the circumstances, if any, under which those who publish such information might be punished as aiders of, abettors of, or accessories to the initial unlawful acts. This chapter explores these issues from the perspective of the First Amendment, of the substantive criminal law, and of larger and deeper questions about journalists’ responsibilities.
National Security and Access, a Structural Perspective
Authors: Schafer Matthew L.
Published: February 2025

Since 1980, the US Supreme Court has recognized that the press and the public have a First Amendment right to attend criminal trials. The Court has failed, however, to anchor that right to any theory in particular. Sometimes it has adjudicated requests for access without invoking any theory whatsoever, and other times, it has maintained that access to information plays a “structural role” in a democracy by ensuring that public debate is informed. This lack of guidance has permitted the government to erode public access across the board but nowhere more than in cases involving national security. This chapter situates the right of access within the broader structure of the US Constitution and, so situated, argues that our current approach to access—especially in the national security context—improperly subordinates the right of access to other constitutional concerns. First, it asserts that access is vital because it advances the Constitution’s system of separation of powers by empowering the judiciary to act as a check on the executive’s ability to keep national security information from the public. Second, it contends that access supports democratic self-governance by providing the public with the information it needs to engage in “uninhibited, robust, and wide-open” public debate. Finally, it explains how the failure to account for these structural principles creates confusion and how courts can eliminate this confusion by emphasizing that access is an essential ingredient of the constitutional system.
The Government Pushes Back: Prosecuting Julian Assange in the War against Leaks—Trend or Aberration?
Authors: Croner George W.
Published: February 2025

In May 2019, a grand jury in the Eastern District of Virginia returned a superseding indictment in U.S. v. Julian Paul Assange. That indictment vastly expands the criminal charges against Julian Assange to include multiple violations of US espionage law in connection with his successful solicitation of Chelsea Manning’s illegal disclosure of classified national security information, which Assange subsequently published on the WikiLeaks platform. Given Assange’s actions and his avowed purpose of exposing US national security information, charging him with espionage may not seem all that remarkable. But the new indictment’s description of Assange’s inculpatory conduct has reverberated throughout the world of media and social network platforms because, in many respects, his actions closely resemble what US news publications and media sites do to solicit, receive, and publish US classified information. The amended Assange indictment appears to presage a new chapter in the US government’s approach to confronting leaks of classified national security information by the media. The problem of unauthorized disclosures has grown exponentially since the Vietnam War and the post-Watergate investigations of the US intelligence community in the 1970s, and it poses a classic conundrum in a democracy where the press has a constitutionally protected role of observing and reporting on government activities. While media proponents bemoan the expanded Assange indictment as impermissibly encroaching upon First Amendment activities, this chapter argues that it is the press, not the government, that needs to recalibrate regarding the publication of classified national security information.
War through an Intersectional Lens
Authors: Giri Keshab
Published: February 2025

The exponential growth in literature on female combatants in rebel groups so far has explored “why” women rebel, “where” women rebel, and “when” women rebel. Yet, existing literature largely assume women combatants as homogenous universal category having similar experiences of war and “post-war.” In this milieu, this book focuses on “how” women rebel given their multiple intersecting identities and social subjectivities. It looks how female combatants experience war and “post-war” in public and private spheres by using intersectionality both as a theoretical framework and a methodological tool inspired by feminist research methodology to explore complex experiences of women combatants during and after the war. This book is based on thirty-nine in-depth interviews with Maoist female ex-combatants, their leaders, and experts in Nepal between 2017 and 2018, complemented by wide-ranging primary and secondary sources, such as key Maoist statements and policy documents from the war era, women ex-combatants’ memoires, media sources, and academic literature. The book finds that female combatants’ experiences of war and “post-war,” both in public and private spheres, are conditioned by their interlocking systems of oppression and identities, such as class, caste, ethnicity, social status, educational status, and geographical location. The book makes an important contribution to the feminist International Relations literature, feminist security studies, and it has significant policy implications, particularly concerning reintegration of female combatants, peacebuilding, and the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda.
Introduction
Authors: Giri Keshab
Published: February 2025

This chapter introduces the readers to International Relations literature on female combatants, and highlights the major theoretical, methodological, and empirical contributions the book makes. The chapter details the two key ideas the book seeks to develop: a deeper understanding of female combatants’ experiences of war and “post-war” using an intersectional lens and extending the intersectional lens further to study the “private sphere” during and after war. It situates these two conceptual undertakings within the broader theoretical, methodological, and empirical contributions the book makes to the feminist security studies and feminist International Relations literature and calls for a stronger understanding of everyday embodied lived experiences that extends to the private realm. This chapter proceeds to give a short background of female combatants in the Maoist insurgency in Nepal before outlining the theory and methodology of the research. Finally, this chapter offers an outline of the book.
Why Women Rebelled in Nepal? Narratives of Mobilization
Authors: Giri Keshab
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives a synopsis of existing theories of women’s mobilization as combatants to highlight that the case of Maoist insurgency in Nepal constitutes a unique case for which existing theories do not fully account. Beyond existing theories, categorized as supply-side and demand-side theories, the case of Nepal offers some novel insights through women’s mobilization in the Maoist insurgency. This chapter explores this through “strategic learning,” “instrumentalization of patriarchy,” “ideology-cum-identity” as mobilization strategy, and a pre-history of women rebels. However, it also offers critical accounts of the gendered, casted, and racial nature of mobilization by problematizing the construction of Nepali women as uniformly “oppressed and helpless,” needing male Maoist leaders to “rescue” them. The chapter stresses the importance of intersectional analysis in exposing ahistorical, singular, and essentialized narratives of women’s mobilization and underlining inherent inconsistencies in the Maoist narratives of women’s empowerment and liberation.
Economics Needs Moral Sentiments
Authors: Wilson Bart J.
Published: February 2025

As a field of study, economics is, first and foremost, about maximizing our material interests. If there is something that almost everyone agrees on about the modern age, it’s that Adam Smith says that economics is built on self-interest, if you’re being generous, or selfishness, if you’re not. Despite many undaunted attempts in the twenty-first century to correct such a cartoony sketch of Adam Smith, the story remains pretty much unchanged. The invisible hand of competition directs bad acts and immoral motives to our material advantage. Oh please. There is no original sin, nor is any penance required in the basic principles of wealth creation. But purposes and human values are required.
With Universal Patterns of Human History
Authors: Wilson Bart J.
Published: February 2025

Homo sapiens is no ordinary species. Humans stand alone in nature as beings who purposefully turn natural-born enemies into exchanging friends. Understanding humankind’s place in the world is key to understanding why purposeful human conduct is necessary to explain the basic principles of economics, and why, in turn, economics is necessary to explain the wonder and surprise of the human condition. The very foundation of economics is about what all human beings do. As a species, we have commonly embodied, stable dispositions. Our primate heritage has bequeathed all human communities, past and present, customs for the exchange of objects, the division of labor, and property. The details may differ object by object, place by place, time by time, people by people. But there is also a marvelous sameness to what all human beings do in the principles of economics, and that sameness is necessary to explain the principles of economics.
And with Human Customs and Practices
Authors: Wilson Bart J.
Published: February 2025

The human mind’s capacity for abstract thought makes language, creativity, and morality possible, all of which are necessary for the human species to accumulate know-how from generation to generation. The challenge that moral sentiments pose to the study of economics is that any moral sentiment can be both value-affirming and value-denying. The challenge deepens when we realize that a successful custom can also be the cause of moral sentiments in the future. Proverbially, we seem to have a chicken and an egg problem to dissolve. We need a framework that not only explains human conduct with causes and effects but that also dissolves traditional thinking about cause and effect as one-way. We need a framework with history and change, within a life and across many lives. We need a framework with moral human customs. We need a framework that begins with the human being.
Why Do Human Beings Truck, Barter, and Exchange One Thing for Another?
Authors: Wilson Bart J.
Published: February 2025

Human beings are the only species that routinely exchanges one thing for another thing, and all human communities do this. Nobody ever saw any other animals by their gestures, and natural cries jointly signify to each other, “This thing is not mine, it is yours.” For reasons I do not understand, economists seem to care little that a uniquely human behavior may be the very foundation of their field of study. As a step toward re-classicalizing economics, I follow Adam Smith in proffering the propensity to trade as a necessary, but not sufficient, principle of the wealth of nations that is moral all the way down.
Catholic Fundamentalism in America
Authors: Massa, S.J. Mark S.
Published: February 2025

This book represents an important contribution to the study of both American religion and American Catholicism. Until recently, the word “fundamentalism” was understood to be a singularly Protestant phenomenon emerging out of a fragile alliance between evangelicals, premillennialists, Princeton theology advocates, and biblical literalists. This book proves that presumption to be wrong: a distinctively Catholic form of the fundamentalist impulse emerged shortly after the end of World War II and has grown significantly since. Like their Protestant second cousins, Catholic fundamentalists combine a sectarian understanding of religion with a militant anti-modernist stance. Also like the Protestant fundamentalists, Catholic devotees of the impulse have sought (and found) political conservatives who make common cause on a range of political and cultural issues (the place of women in American culture, the value of pluralism with the Church and the larger culture, the importance of cooperation in the culture with non-Catholics, etc.). This book thus makes a singular contribution in understanding the similarities and the differences between Protestant and Catholic conservatives in the United States in the years after 1945.
The “Benedict Option” in Kansas
Authors: Massa, S.J. Mark S.
Published: February 2025

This chapter examines the community gathered in St. Marys, Kansas, by the schismatic order of priests, the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX). This town of several thousand Catholic faithful has been called the “most successful Christian Withdrawal Experiment,” a response to Rod Dreher’s bestseller, The Benedict Option, which called on Christians to flee from the “coming dark age” (Dreher’s term) by forming themselves into closed communities composed entirely of “The Devout” (again, Dreher’s term). The result is that St. Marys, Kansas, is more like a sect than a Catholic community. And because the SSPX exercises almost total control over the town, the population is growing exponentially, both because of the order’s banning of all forms of birth control and because of its identity among conservative Catholics as a desirable place to raise a family.
Light in the Dark
Authors: 9780197762165  , Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

Light in the Dark tells the dramatic history of Icelandic cinema from its modest origins in the early twentieth century to the heterogenous and complex national cinema of today. In doing so, it visits and casts light on the earliest films made in the country, Scandinavians adaptations of Icelandic literature filmed during the late silent period, documentaries of the interwar era, the first narrative features following the end of World War II and national independence, the foundation of the Icelandic Film Fund and the emergence of national cinema proper in the 1980s, the subsequent impact of first European art cinema and then Hollywood genre cinema, and the remarkable international success of Icelandic cinema in the twenty-first century. The work illuminates the constant tug between local and national cultural forces and the transnational and global pull of world cinema. Along the way it draws attention to many additional issues and topics regarding Icelandic cinema, including depictions of nature and animals, the aesthetics of fire and ice, the role of film adaptation, the impact of Nordic noir and crime fiction, Hollywood runaway productions, and the question of women’s cinema in Icelandic filmmaking. Throughout the book, films from all periods of Icelandic filmmaking are analyzed in detail with equal emphasis on content and form, including both lesser known titles and familiar classics.
Introduction
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

In addition to explaining the content and structure of the book as a whole, the Introduction discusses the concept of national cinema in detail. It draws attention to the often-neglected issue of scale in academic scholarship on the topic and argues that Icelandic cinema challenges some of its assumptions due to the country’s small size. It also introduces the concept of the transnational and explains its importance for understanding Icelandic cinema, which throughout its history has oscillated between a local and a global emphasis. Finally, it concludes with an overview of the book’s three part division and the content of their respective chapters.
Overview I, 1901–1979
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

This chapter aims for a broad and balanced overview of filmmaking activity in Iceland during the first eight decades of the twentieth century. It opens with the first film exhibitions and filmmaking activity in the country and addresses all the subsequent major historical signposts, including the emergence of documentary cinema following World War I, Nordic adaptations of Icelandic literary works in the interwar era, the novelty of local feature films following World War II, and the extended lull that preceded the introduction of the Icelandic Film Fund towards the end of the 1970s. The role of pioneering film directors like Loftur Guðmundsson, Vigfús Sigurgeirsson, Kjartan Ó. Bjarnason, Óskar Gíslason, Þorgeir Þorgeirson, and Reynir Oddsson is emphasized throughout the chapter.
Iceland in Living Pictures
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

This chapter begins with the very emergence of filmmaking in Iceland, by looking closely at the oldest extant Icelandic film, Firemen Practice in Reykjavík (Alfred Lind, 1906, Slökkviliðsæfing í Reykjavík), and the many documentaries about Iceland that were grouped together under the name “Iceland-films” early in the twentieth century. It argues that these films capture the flow of life of the period and are therefore a good example of what Siegfried Kracauer considered to be the essence of cinema. The chapter then shifts the focus to the narrative feature films that emerged in the period after World War II in the hands of local photographers Loftur Guðmundsson and Óskar Gíslason, and later also the established Scandinavian film directors Arne Mattson and Erik Balling.
Adapting a Literary Nation to Film
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

This chapter considers the national status of Icelandic cinema in terms of the strong historical emphasis on the ties between Icelandic national identity and its language and literature. To shed light on this, it introduces two extensive case studies. The first regards Swedish and Danish silent film adaptations, including Victor Sjöström’s classic The Outlaw and His Wife (1917, Berg-Ejvind och hans hustru), of Icelandic literature written by Jóhann Sigurjónsson, Guðmundur Kamban, and Gunnar Gunnarsson, that exoticized Icelanders for foreign readers and viewers. The second case study focuses on the conspicuous anxiety among Icelandic filmmakers in tackling the cherished medieval Icelandic sagas and the celebrated twentieth-century novels of Nobel laurate Halldór Laxness.
Overview II, 1980–1999
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

The chapter aims for a broad and balanced overview of filmmaking activity in Iceland during the last two decades of the twentieth century. It begins by explaining how the introduction of the Icelandic Film Fund laid the foundation for an Icelandic national cinema, and gives an overview of the many popular films released during the 1980s. It then goes on to show that regardless of this early popularity, the Icelandic box office was simply too small to sustain Icelandic filmmaking on its own, despite financial support from the Fund. As a result, Icelandic cinema increasingly turned to European funding and transnational production practices that paved the way for a much more outward-looking cinema during the 1990s.
The Countryside versus the City
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

The first half of the chapter is devoted to a detailed comparative analysis of the two pioneering films of 1980, Ágúst Guðmundsson’s Land and Sons (Land og synir) and Hrafn Gunnlaugsson’s Father’s Estate (Óðal feðranna), and their different depictions of the countryside and by implication Icelandic national identity. It then goes on to describe how the central role of the countryside in Icelandic cinema began to make way—temporarily—for films set in the capital Reykjavík. In particular, the chapter looks closely at Júlíus Kemp’s Wallpaper (Veggfóður) and Óskar Jónasson’s Remote Control (Sódóma Reykjavík), as in addition to the shift in location these two films heralded in a new, more cavalier and youthful filmmaking approach in Icelandic cinema.
The Transnational Imperative
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

In addressing the dramatic shift from the local to the global that took place during the 1990s in Icelandic cinema, the chapter emphasizes the pivotal role played by director Friðrik Þór Friðriksson. In doing so, it traces Friðriksson’s career from its roots in experimental cinema and music documentaries to feature films indebted to the aesthetic strategies of the European art film. His key narrative features, including Children of Nature (1991, Börn náttúrunnar) and Cold Fever (1995, Á köldum klaka), are analyzed in detail with an emphasis on their transnational elements, as are many other key films of directors like Hilmar Oddsson and Guðný Halldórsdóttir that were to follow Friðriksson’s transnational example.
Adaptation as Transnationalization
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

This chapter describes the extensive changes regarding film adaptation that took place in Icelandic cinema during the 1990s and are defined in terms of transnationalization. It opens with analyses of adaptations from the early 1980s, especially Ágúst Guðmunsson’s The Outlaw (1981, Útlaginn), a most faithful adaptation of the medieval Gisli Sursson’s Saga, which is characterized by a very strong national inscription. Conversely, following the increasingly global financing of Icelandic cinema during the 1990s, filmmakers made extensive efforts to make film adaptations more accessible to non-Icelandic audiences. This process culminates in Baltasar Kormákur’s adaptation of Hallgrímum Helgason’s 101 Reykjavík, which is analyzed in detail toward the end of the chapter.
Icelandic Women’s Cinema
Authors: Norðfjörð Björn
Published: February 2025

After a long drought, a new generation of Icelandic women directors emerged in the late teens when Guðrún Ragnarsdóttir, Ása Helga Hjörleifsdóttir, Ísold Uggadóttir, and Ásthildur Kjartansdóttir made their debut feature films, while Silja Hauksdóttir finally made her second film, fifteen years after her debut. These films are analyzed in detail in the chapter, with an emphasis on their novelty in terms of not only gender but also ethnicity and sexuality. Even on the rare occasion when male filmmakers highlight such topics, the results are markedly different and more conservative. The chapter also draws attention to the disproportionate international success of many Icelandic women, including composer Hildur Guðnadóttir, makeup artist Heba Þórisdóttir, and editors Valdís Óskarsdóttir and Elísabet Ronaldsdóttir.
Democracy and Climate Crisis
Authors: Youngs Richard
Published: February 2025

Chapter 3 examines how climate change and ecological stresses are starting to reshape politics. In some ways the climate and ecological crisis is acting to increase government powers and state control over societies, fueling an era of empowered states. In many countries, the green-empowered state is helping to make democracy more resilient to climate change. Yet in others it is intensifying authoritarian dynamics or powering a trend toward narrowed forms of elitist-trustee democracy. At the same time, climate change has also become a powerful driver of the micropolitics that run as a unifying thread through the book. The climate crisis is increasingly a prompt to popular mobilization, calls for deeper democracy, community organization, climate assemblies, and new political-party engagement. The chapter relates these trends to the book’s analytical framework’s categories of different kinds of statism and micropolitics.
Snapshot: A Global Climate Assembly
Authors: Youngs Richard
Published: February 2025

Chapter 4 examines one example of democratic renewal around the climate agenda: the organization of a first global climate assembly in 2021 and 2022. It explains how this represented an important innovation in moving citizen participation from the local to the international level, to match the global scale of the climate crisis. The formally entitled Global Assembly on the Climate and Ecological Crisis ran with some success and may become a permanent forum from 2024. The experiment sheds light on the balance between the different categories of political action identified in the book’s analytical framework. The Global Assembly’s successes and shortcomings speak to the relationship between governmental and civic action in the area of climate change. The chapter argues that in a next phase the assembly will need to gain a higher profile, become more widely known, involve more global citizens, and attract buy-in from democratic institutions.
Snapshot: Ukraine’s Democratic Resilience
Authors: Youngs Richard
Published: February 2025

Chapter 8 examines how the Russian invasion has affected debates and political actions related to democracy within Ukraine itself. It shows that it is within Ukraine that perhaps the strongest defense of democratic values has taken shape. Intense citizen engagement in the pursuit of better democracy extended across Ukraine in the invasion’s shadow. This is tightly connected to the categories of the book’s analytical framework, as this is an especially critical and compelling case of an intensified civic micropolitics mobilizing in favor of democratic values and self-survival. Ukraine’s domestic resilience shows how the concept of civic micropolitics helps capture one important response to the geopolitics of conflict. The book argues that this is a highly significant case of a critical juncture in geopolitics driving a tightened focus on democracy.
Conclusion
Authors: Youngs Richard
Published: February 2025

The conclusion draws out similarities and differences across the three areas of crisis examined throughout the book and reflects on the relationships between them. The conclusions are preliminary more than definitive, as the political ramifications of climate, health, and geopolitical crises will take time to run their course; these closing reflections are offered as a guide to the kinds of questions and issues likely to be of consequence in conditioning future democratic trends and against which still-evolving political adjustments can be measured. The conclusion turns first to the role of these three crises as drivers of political change. A second focus is on unpacking the twin concepts of empowered states and micropolitics that have run as a thread through the book. And a third reflection considers where these current trends leave the prospects for positive democratic transformation flowing from the climate change, pandemic, and geopolitical crises.
Caregiver Coping
Authors: Temkin-Yu Andrea
Published: February 2025

Chapter 3 provides a rationale for the importance of parent coping and details concrete strategies to improve well-being. It highlights the ways in which parent well-being impacts caregivers as individuals, parenting decisions, parent–child relationships, and teen behavior. Parents are guided through exercises to consider the many factors that impact their wellness and determine what they have control over. The chapter introduces a framework for caregivers to create a concrete long-term plan to improve overall well-being and emotional reserves. It also provides a clear coping plan template and examples for how to cope with stressful moments while they are happening. Chapter exercises and practice worksheets are included to help parents follow through with skills to improve their general emotion regulation.
Making Sense of Behavior
Authors: Temkin-Yu Andrea
Published: February 2025

Chapter 4 introduces a skill to help parents understand their teen’s behavior patterns and create change over time. It describes how context plays a role in teen actions. Parents are guided to reflect on factors that impact their teen and how to best address these factors. The chapter provides tips for how to frame information in a way that makes behavior change more successful. It also outlines how outcomes play a significant role in whether teens continue versus change behavior in the future. The chapter specifies a number of common outcomes that teenagers care about, and describes how parents can recognize and influence these factors to encourage skillful behavior. Chapter exercises and practice worksheets are included to help parents personalize this skill to better understand their individual child.
Validation
Authors: Temkin-Yu Andrea
Published: February 2025

Chapter 6 focuses on the importance of using validation with a teenager who is struggling with mental health. It outlines the role that validation plays in improving connection, self-esteem, and regulation and describes consequences to invalidation. The chapter guides parents on how they can improve their validation skills and offers numerous examples for how validation can look and sound. There is an in-depth overview of common barriers to validation and how parents can overcome them. Chapter exercises and practice worksheets are included to help parents recognize validation versus invalidation, practice this skill, and feel more confident to try the skill at home.
How to Set Up Consequences That Work
Authors: Temkin-Yu Andrea
Published: February 2025

Chapter 9 outlines how parental responses can influence teen behavior. It reviews how various reinforcements and punishment can increase or decrease the likelihood of behavior occurring in the future. There is detailed information on the different types of outcomes that influence teens. Parents are provided guidance on the factors they have control over and how to most effectively manage these factors to encourage skillful behavior, reduce problem behavior, and maintain a positive parent–child relationship. The chapter provides specific instructions on different types of behavior management, including logical consequences and reward plans. Chapter exercises and practice worksheets are included to help parents test their knowledge of consequences and establish a plan that works for their teen.
De-Escalation
Authors: Temkin-Yu Andrea
Published: February 2025

Chapter 10 focuses on strategies to help parents respond to teen outbursts. It outlines three phases of escalation that all teens move through when upset: build-up, peak, and cool-down. The chapter guides parents to recognize how both they and their teen behave during each phase. Readers are then given concrete steps to follow in each stage that will help to encourage emotional and behavior regulation. Common barriers to these steps are explored and problem-solving tips are provided. Chapter exercises and practice worksheets are included to help parents learn how to apply skills within each stage and prepare to put them into use at home.
The Life of a South Alabama Tenant Farmer
Authors: Jones Bryan D.
Published: February 2025

This chapter focuses on the life of a Southern white tenant farmer, Charles Cade Jones and his son, Thomas G. Jones, the author’s grandfather. Charles Cade Jones could not support his family through his carpentry work, so he became a tenant farmer. His son, the author’s grandfather, wrote, “With his ax on his shoulder, he walked into the forest, and with his own hands, felled the trees and hewed the trunks into shape and built a house for his growing family. . . . They called it a log cabin, but the young wife and mother said it was the most beautiful house she had ever seen.” The problem was that when a lease was lost, the tenant lost his investment in the property, and had to start again.
“I Was Greatly Embarrassed Because of My Ignorance”
Authors: Jones Bryan D.
Published: February 2025

The author’s grandfather, Thomas Glenn Jones, lived a long life that stretched through Redemption and Jim Crow and the associated Progressive Movement. At 15, he was functionally illiterate. Granddaddy struggled through his tenant-farming childhood, frustrated with his lack of opportunities on the farm. He wrote of these frustrations, resenting the limitations that he felt kept him ignorant. But he did not have the knowledge of how to better himself, and committed unforced error after unforced error as his driving ambition pushed him to better himself. He was a far more complicated figure than the author knew when growing up. While his attitudes on racial segregation were standard for the era, he harbored progressive views on the rights of women, and wrote a book in 1950 that demonstrated how strongly he felt on the subject.
The Center Does Not Hold
Authors: Jones Bryan D.
Published: February 2025

As the ire of Southern whites over integration increased, the pressure on newspaper editors and publishers increased. Many advertisers and subscribers were unhappy with the moderate stances adopted by some editors. The opening for promoting a gradualist approach toward integration was met with massive resistance by Southern politicans, economic elites and many conservative newspapermen. By the end of the period, two of the three newspapermen we have followed moved right. Buford Boone of the Tuscaloosa News stood firm, but Grover Hall of the Montgomery Advetiser had joined the Wallace bandwagon, and the author’s father had moved sharply to the right. Through the writings of these editors, this chapter explores how the white center collapsed in Alabama.
The Pallbearer Who Couldn’t Go into the Church
Authors: Jones Bryan D.
Published: February 2025

The rigid nature of Southern segregation in which the white race was hailed as superior while Blacks were scorned as inferior relied on actions and symbols that continually reinforced the vast chasm in status between the races. In that system, geography mattered; where Blacks could go was strictly monitored by whites. White churches were especially segregationist. The chapter tells story of Frank Worthy, a Black man who worked in the print shop of the Troy Messenger. Frank was competent, hard-working, and trustworthy, a master of all trades. Yet he could not enter the church where the funeral of his employer, and the author’s father, was held, even though he was invited.
Reform or Revolution?
Authors: Riddle Karie Cross
Published: February 2025

This chapter situates the book within the burgeoning literature on the WPS agenda, divided roughly into two overlapping groups of pragmatic reformers (those working to improve the agenda) and skeptical revolutionaries (critics who call for alternatives). While real differences between the two persist, reformers and revolutionaries work in the same system and are influenced by it. The ethos of critique calls for generous treatment of arguments coming from both sides. However, the chapter locates Critical Feminist Justpeace within the second group, the revolutionaries, due to India’s politics. Akanksha Khullar points to India’s slow uptake of the WPS agenda, crediting it to jealous guarding of its own sovereignty. Paula Banerjee also cites India’s unwillingness to acknowledge armed conflict within its borders, choosing instead to label the Northeast region as “disturbed.” The chapter therefore concludes that support for women’s peacebuilding in Manipur requires thinking creatively about feminist peace outside of the WPS agenda.
Critical Feminist Methodology
Authors: Riddle Karie Cross
Published: February 2025

This chapter details the book’s use of Brooke Ackerly’s critical feminist methodology, comprised of guiding criteria, deliberative inquiry, and skeptical scrutiny, which together produce a disciplined method for grounded theory. Guiding criteria are the norms and questions that a feminist theorist brings to the research. For this project, guiding criteria include a positive conception of peace, the idea that peace and justice must go together, and the need to examine women’s praxis intersectionally. Deliberative inquiry forces the theorist to expose herself to the broadest possible range of views. Interviews expand from the researcher’s initial questions to the interviewees’ original ideas and reflections on preliminary conclusions. In Manipur, this method fruitfully produced conflicting accounts about the success of interethnic peace work among women. Finally, skeptical scrutiny covers the entire research process with a disposition that pays attention to power hierarchies and questions all areas of potential consensus.
Critical Feminist Analysis of Women’s Peacebuilding Praxis in Manipur
Authors: Riddle Karie Cross
Published: February 2025

This chapter presents a critical feminist analysis of women’s peacebuilding praxis in Manipur. It is just one snapshot of constantly changing, multi-sited peace work, but it provides many examples of the diverse initiatives that women in Manipur undertake to realize their visions for peace. The analysis covers five major peacebuilding groups, based on observations and interviews from 2014 and 2015. Two of the groups are interethnic; the remaining three are monoethnic. Only one group tied their work to the WPS agenda, while others focused on local and national politics. Typically, women were not seeking to gain entry to formal peace talks, but rather embarking on their own creative and diverse methods of calling attention to systemic injustice and holding perpetrators of violence accountable. This analysis finds much that is working well, but it also reveals some problematic local-level practices that require revision if they are to produce peace and justice.
Conclusion
Authors: Riddle Karie Cross
Published: February 2025

The Conclusion returns to Judith Butler’s work to argue that critical deconstruction is a necessary precursor to the type of reconstruction that peacebuilders promote. Butler does not deconstruct to tear down, but rather to create the conditions for a more ethical alternative. This book shares that intention when pinpointing harmful local practices. Only by identifying hierarchies can they be overturned; peacebuilders must deconstruct to reconstruct. The ethos of critique is also an ethos of reconstruction. Then, the chapter analyzes a final example from Manipur, a local tradition known as ningol chakkouba. The analysis identifies hierarchies that might emerge when using this tradition for peacebuilding and suggests several areas for transformation, according to critical feminist justpeace. This application of critical feminist justpeace shows how it can help peacebuilders to deconstruct some of their own practices in order to reconstruct a more inclusive, ethical, and fully feminist future.
Securing the Belt and Road and Establishing Hierarchy in Central Asia
Authors: Lemon Edward , Jardine Bradley
Published: February 2025

Faced with the perceived threat of spillover from Afghanistan, protests against its investments in Central Asia, and concerns over the region’s sizable ethnic Uyghur population, China has increased its role as a security provider in Central Asia. The density of these ties has grown dramatically since the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was launched in 2013. At the same time, Central Asia has also proven to be a testing ground for China to develop its own parallel order building and to experiment with forms of security cooperation, increasingly without the region’s former external hegemon, Russia. The authors argue that China’s rising security role along the BRI in Central Asia is part of a longer-term strategy by which China builds networks to lock Central Asian states into hierarchical relations of (inter)dependence. China enhances its security networks with a view to exploiting its network positions to extend its influence in the region, a process called “weaponized interdependence.”
Official Lending, Optics, and Outliers
Authors: Narins Tom
Published: February 2025

From 1980 to 2020, the Chinese state became increasingly visible in developing economies, particularly as an official lender to governments that sought financing for infrastructural projects. This increased visibility garnered the Chinese state both positive and negative attention. Much of the negative attention focused on Chinese lending practices, which became increasingly controversial, particularly within the context of South–South Cooperation (SSC). This chapter examines four Belt and Road Initiative debtor countries (Pakistan, Laos, Sri Lanka, and Zambia) to highlight what implications their economic struggles have for China as a lender and the Belt and Road Initiative as a whole. Where appropriate, this examination involves a survey-level discussion within each country of three comparative angles: academic/policy observers, government spokespeople, and citizens. In doing so, this chapter provides a more complete picture of the economic impact of Chinese debt and associated economic activities in light of the COVID-19-triggered global economic downturn.
Conceptualizing the BRI
Authors: Paltiel Jeremy , Yan Karl
Published: February 2025

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a structure of complex bilateralism. This can be defined as a structure whereby the initiator country forges multiple bilateral relationships centered on itself. Its overarching aim is enhancing regional and transregional integration without a common coordinating institution accountable to all international stakeholders. This chapter explores the concept by looking at the relationship between the coordinating mechanisms of the BRI established domestically under the State Council of the People’s Republic of China and the relationship of the financial and economic coordinating bodies within the Development and Reform Commission under the State Council. Using two cases of railway export, namely, the Jakarta–Bandung High-Speed Railway project and the Malaysian East Coast Rail Link project, this chapter shows how the structure of Chinese domestic coordination institutions serves to reinforce bilateral over multilateral or minilateral coordination principles and institutions within the BRI.
Keeping Watch along the Digital Silk Road
Authors: Dall’Agnola Jasmin
Published: February 2025

Chinese technology firms are promoting and selling their closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras to Central Asia under the banner of China’s Digital Silk Road (DSR). This is problematic because not only are these cameras used by local elites to track people’s whereabouts, but they also enable Chinese businesses and, by extension, Chinese authorities to collect and store big data on Central Asian citizens. This chapter uses an interpretative qualitative frame that features analysis of survey data along with the visual assessment and documentation of Chinese CCTV cameras in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. It seeks to illustrate what the normalization of mass state surveillance, intensified by China’s DSR, has come to mean for individuals’ data and privacy in Central Asia. The chapter finds Central Asians’ widespread support for and understanding of CCTV surveillance and, by extension, their vision of China’s DSR to be influenced by both historical legacies and the lack of democratic mechanisms.
Back from the Brink
Authors: Moskos Peter
Published: February 2025

New York City’s 1990s crime drop was unexpected and counter to a long-established academic narrative that crime could only be addressed through greater changes in society. Using extensive interviews, this book explains the crime drop from the police officers’ perspectives. Over the course of three decades—through riots, fiscal crises, urban decline, and increasing gun violence—New York City’s seemingly inevitable fall transformed into rebirth. First, in the subway system in the late 1980s, the intractable problem of graffiti was solved through a five-year problem-solving approach that only tangentially relied on policing. In the early 1990s, public areas along 42nd Street—Bryant Park, Times Square, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal—were improved through public-private partnership and effective management. This coincided with a new “broken-windows” strategy of policing in the subway that reduced crime by creating a safer environment for riders through rule enforcement for violations both large and small. Above ground, a massive investment in policing increased the number of police officers. This came to fruition as the crack epidemic receded in the early 1990s. A massive reduction in crime began in 1994 as new city and police leadership focused on crime reduction in a manner which simply had never been tried before. Innovations in leadership, accountability, and management were best exemplified by the establishment of weekly crime meetings that became known as Compstat. A four-step problem-solving approach provided a template by which crime could be mapped and reduced: accurate and timely intelligence, rapid deployment, effective tactics, and relentless follow-up and assessment. Murders and other crime rapidly declined.