bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors (Gliflozins) on Diabetes-Induced Neurodegeneration and Neurotoxicity: A Graphical Review
Authors: Gholami Mina , Coleman-Fuller Natalie , Salehirad Mahsa , Darbeheshti Sepideh , Motaghinejad Majid
Published: August 2024

Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disorder that negatively affects various body systems, including the nervous system. Diabetes can cause or exacerbate various neurological disorders, and diabetes-induced neurodegeneration can involve several mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and cell death. In recent years, the management of diabetes-induced neurodegeneration has relied on several types of drugs, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2) inhibitors, also called gliflozins. In addition to exerting powerful effects in reducing blood glucose, gliflozins have strong anti-neuro-inflammatory characteristics that function by inhibiting oxidative stress and cell death in the nervous system in diabetic subjects. This review presents the molecular pathways involved in diabetes-induced neurodegeneration and evaluates the clinical and laboratory studies investigating the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-induced neurodegeneration, with discussion about the contributing roles of diverse molecular pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and cell death. Several databases—including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and various publishers, such as Springer, Wiley, and Elsevier—were searched for keywords regarding the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-triggered neurodegenerative events. Additionally, anti-neuro-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-cell death keywords were applied to evaluate potential neuronal protection mechanisms of gliflozins in diabetes subjects. The search period considered valid peer-reviewed studies published from January 2000 to July 2023. The current body of literature suggests that gliflozins can exert neuroprotective effects against diabetes-induced neurodegenerative events and neuronal dysfunction, and these effects are mediated via activation of mitochondrial function and prevention of cell death processes, oxidative stress, and inflammation in neurons affected by diabetes. Gliflozins can confer neuroprotective properties in diabetes-triggered neurodegeneration, and these effects are mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death.
Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal management of giant inguinoscrotal hernia with loss of domain
Authors: Cumar Bharath , Christopher Pradeep Joshua , Kumar S. Saravana , Natarajan Ramesh , Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi , Chinnusamy Palanivelu
Published: August 2024

A giant inguinoscrotal hernia extends below the level of the midpoint of the thigh, in an upright position. They are usually due to the neglect of the patient and fear of surgical intervention. Patients typically present with lower urinary tract symptoms, ulcers over the scrotum caused due to dribbling of urine and rarely with obstruction or strangulation. Here, we present a similar case of an uncomplicated giant inguinoscrotal hernia with a Tanaka index of 74% who was preoperatively optimised with BOTOX (BOtulinum TOXin-A) and pre-operative progressive pneumoperitoneum and was managed laparoscopically with enhanced totally extraperitoneal repair. This signifies the importance of optimisation of the patients, especially with loss of domain help in managing such cases without any resection of bowel or omentum. Moreover, this proper pre-operative optimisation also helped us in managing such a case laparoscopically.
Ultrasound Guided Internal Jugular Vein Acesss: Comparison Between Short Axis And Long Axis Technique
Authors: Gotur Udaykumar , Taneja Sameer
Published: August 2024

Background:

Percutaneous techniques have transformed vascular cannulation. It has reduced the need for open procedures and the associatedwoundcomplications, but percutaneous techniques have made physicians dependent on relationships between surface anatomic landmarks and deep anatomic structures. Now, percutaneous central venous catheter insertion by physicians has a lesser complication rate. During central venous catheterization, the complications include infection, occlusion, thrombosis and mechanical complications.

Aims and Objective:

To relate the inner course of cannulating needle, familiarity of surface anatomic landmarks excludes the complication. Deep anatomic relationships visualization does not only improves the efficacy and safety of the procedure but also supplements the operator’s ability to identify difficult cannulations. The safety of internal jugular cannulations increases with ultrasound visualization. Central venous cathetrization (CVC) is done for hemodynamic monitoring (such as central venous pressure) long-term administration of fluids, antibiotics, total parental nutrition, and hemodialysis.

Material and Methods:

Most commonly, the internal jugular vein (IJV) is cannulated because of its relatively less complications and easy accessibility. Seldinger technique is used for IJV cannulation. Landmark-guided IJV cannulation is associated with a more number of complications compared to ultrasound-guided cannulation. Ultrasound-guided cannulation improves success rate, reduces the number of needle passes, and decreases complications. Two different real-time ultrasound-guided cannulations of IJV using a short axis/out-of-plane (SA) approach and a long axis/in plane (LA) approach are compared in the study. Hence, the present study was done at our tertiary care center to compare ultrasound-guided IJV access between SA and LA technique method with the number of attempts and complications.

Results:

It was observed in the present study that 4 (10%) patients in Long axis group had posterior wall puncture while 9 (22.5%) patients in short axis group had posterior wall puncture.

Conclusion:

Posterior wall puncture incidence is lesser in long axis group than short axis group.
Thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Report from a Sub-zonal Hospital in Western Rajasthan
Authors: Khune Sudhir Sudhakar , Shrikanth V S , John Biju M.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Malaria continues to be a major public health problem in India. Vivax malaria is being increasingly seen with thrombocytopenia. The reported prevalence of the same has been extremely variable and its significance is not well established. This study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence and severity of thrombocytopenia in vivax malaria and assess the outcome of cases with severe thrombocytopenia. A secondary objective was to compare the clinical and laboratory profile of cases of vivax malaria with falciparum malaria and mixed infection.

Materials and Methods:

This hospital-based prospective study was carried out in the department of general medicine at a sub-zonal hospital in Western Rajasthan in the year 2022. Consecutive febrile patients with a diagnosis of malaria were included in the study after ruling out coexistent alternate infections.

Results:

A total of 396 cases were enrolled. Ninety-nine percent of patients were male. The mean age of the study group was 32.1 years. A total of 328 (90.8%) out of 361 vivax malaria cases had thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150 × 103 μL) with 26.5% having severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count <50 × 103 μL). The mean defervescence duration was 44.4 h in vivax malaria. 3.4% of severe vivax malaria cases required intensive care unit care due to hypotension, respiratory distress, and multiorgan dysfunction, and none of them had any bleeding manifestations. All cases recovered well after standard treatment. There was a significant statistical difference between the mean platelet count among the three types of malaria: vivax, falciparum, and mixed (vivax + falciparum infections) (P = 0.03). Similarly, on applying Chi-square test, there was a significant difference in severe thrombocytopenia across the groups (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:

There is a high prevalence of thrombocytopenia in vivax malaria including severe thrombocytopenia. In the majority of cases, this thrombocytopenia does not result in any adverse event, and cases respond well to conventional treatment. Clinicians need to be aware of the extent and severity of thrombocytopenia in vivax malaria and rule out this treatable condition in endemic areas with a high prevalence of other coexistent infections causing thrombocytopenia.
Stock Making Investment Decisions Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) Analysis of the Business Index-27 on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Putrie Veronica Clasrissa , Anataya Nurdyah Himda
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to measure the ability of the Capital Asset Princing Model (CPAM) in analyzing investment decision making by predicting the risk and return that will be obtained by investors and helping investors in choosing efficient and inefficient stocks. CAPM is a measuring tool that can be used to determine the level of risk and return obtained and evaluate the rate of return on investment. The purposive sampling technique is used in selecting samples to be used in the study, namely companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and their shares are consistently included in the Bisnis-27 stock index. The stock criteria used in selecting efficient stocks, namely when individual return results exceed the expected return. The results of this study indicate that there are 8 stocks that meet the efficiency criteria, namely ADRP, AKRA, AMRT, BBNI, BMRI, INKP, JSMR, and PGAS with individual returns results exceed the expected returns. In investment decisions, stocks that are included in these efficient stocks are the priority stocks that investors should buy. Based on the analysis, there is a non-linear relationship between systematic risk and expected stock returns, making an important contribution to investment decision making in the Indonesian stock market.
DUSHTAVRANA-AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE AND POSSIBILITIES
Authors: P Sherin , H Rejani
Published: August 2024

“The destruction / break / rupture / discontinuity of body tissue / part of body, is called Vrana.” The healing of a
wound or an ulcer is the natural mechanism of the body. Wound healing is a mechanism where the body attempts
to restore the integrity of the injured part. Naturally wound will heal in one week if no doshic invasion (infection)
takes place. Presence of infection/inflammation is one of the important factor which impair wound healing.
Several other factors affecting the process of wound healing like contamination of wound, vascular insufficiency,
foreign bodies, infection, malnutrition, Immune deficiency diseases like diabetes mellitus, and excessive use of
steroids etc. A healthy wound heals with minimum scar as compared to infected wound. Classics of Ayurveda
especially Sushruta has elaborately explained details of wound & its management. Proper understanding and
utilisation of these concepts will pave a great way ahead for Ayurveda in this field
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF PHALINI YONIVYAPAD W.S.R. CYSTOCELE: A
CASE STUDY
Authors: Mallikarjun Mudalagi Akshata , Bhardwaj Jyoti
Published: August 2024

Ayurveda has elaborated on gynaecological disorders under the entity of Yonivyapad. Ayurveda also explains the
condition of pelvic organ prolapse, which is a significant health concern for women. The approach of Ayurveda
towards life is very unique; it concentrates on regimens to be followed to stay healthy. According to WHO, the
global prevalence of uterine prolapse is 2-20%, which is directly proportional to the age of the woman. In Ayurveda , Phalini Yonivyapad can be correlated to 2nd-degree vaginal wall descent with or without 1st-degree cervical descent. Ayurvedic management can be adopted for this condition through Stanika chikista and oral medications.
SUPERVISION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW QUAY STRUCTURE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE NOVI SAD PORT RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT
Authors:   Axis građevinski biro doo, Sr. Kamenica, Srbija, Jukić Gordana , Benka Nataša ,   Axis građevinski biro doo, Sr. Kamenica, Srbija
Published: August 2024

s part of the reconstruction project of the Port of Novi Sad, a new quay wall with a length of 184m was built. The new quay was designed with the condition that the line of the quay structure should be an extension of the existing quay structures, that the existing crane rails should be extended to the new quay, that the planned works do not threaten the functionality of the existing quay structures and that the stability of the existing sloping bank must be ensured by the planned works that could endanger her.
Clozapina em pacientes com Transtorno Esquizoafetivo: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Olavarria Renata de Campos , Silva Larissa Miranda , Beltrão Danielle de Arruda Costa , Santos Beatriz Leinat , Kudo Kin Alexia da Rocha
Published: August 2024

No transtorno esquizoafetivo é necessária a presença de sintomas psicóticos que preencham os critérios para esquizofrenia, associados a sintomas de humor como mania, depressão ou misto, em um determinado tempo e gravidade para serem incluídos no diagnostico de transtorno bipolar. O tratamento farmacológico consiste em uso de antipsicóticos, estabilizadores de humor e antidepressivos. Dentre os antipsicóticos atípicos, a clozapina tem se mostrado efetividade no tratamento dos sintomas psicóticos. Este artigo tem por objetivo uma revisão sistemática da clozapina em pacientes com transtorno esquizoafetivo. Materiais, sujeitos e métodos: Para a elaboração deste artigo de revisão sistemática foram consultados artigos científicos e artigos de revisão publicados e referenciados na Medline/PubMED, SciELO e UptoDate entre 2004 e 2014. Resultado e discussões: Evidencias mostram que a clozapina comparada a outros antipsicóticos tem maior eficácia no tratamento do transtorno esquizoafetivo, podendo ser considerada também nos casos de refratariedade, quando utilizados 2 fármacos anteriormente, na presença de risco de suicídio e de efeitos adversos. Considerações finais: A clozapina se mostrou efetiva no tratamento de sintomas psicóticos, com menor incidência de efeitos extramiramidais, estando associada a uma diminuição da morbimortalidade quando comparada a outros antipsicóticos.
Avaliação da densidade mineral óssea em crianças e adolescentes que vivem com HIV e em tratamento com Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarato: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Nascimento Aline Faggion Araújo , Carmo Mariana Faria do , Almeida Giovanna Sales Nogueira , Freitas Beatriz Moreira Motta de
Published: August 2024

A densidade mineral óssea (DMO) em crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV e em tratamento com Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarato (TDF) é um tema relevante na prática clínica pediátrica. Este estudo realiza uma revisão sistemática da literatura para avaliar o impacto do TDF na DMO nessa população. Foram selecionados artigos científicos publicados em bases de dados como PubMed, Scielo e Lilacs, utilizando termos como "densidade mineral óssea", "HIV", "crianças", "adolescentes" e "Tenofovir". Os resultados indicam uma correlação entre o uso prolongado de TDF e a diminuição da DMO, destacando a importância do monitoramento contínuo e de estratégias de mitigação.
ANALISIS INDEKS PENCEMARAN AIR PADA SUNGAI KADU KEMPONG, CIKEUMBEUM DAN CIPADARINCANG DI KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Rizkilah Nur , Masyruroh Anis , Sumiardi Ade
Published: August 2024

Sungai yang berada di Kecamatan Padarincang yaitu Sungai Kadu Kampong, Sungai Cikeumbeum dan Sungai Cipadarincang merupakan sungai utama dan tak dapat dipisahkan dari aktivitas masyarakat. Kondisi sungai saat ini telah mengalami penurunan kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status baku mutu air sungai menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP) sesuai dengan baku mutu air sungai kelas 1 yang ditetapkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode IP berdasarkan hasil uji laboratorium pada bulan Juli tahun 2023 menunjukkan sungai tercemar ringan serta pada bulan Agustus tahun 2023 menunjukkan sungai tercemar sedang.
Analisis Strategi Reformasi Administrasi Pelayanan Publik Melalui SIAK di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Salsabila Salsabila , Fadhly Zuhrizal , Husna Cut Asmaul
Published: August 2024

Administrative reform is an increase in the ability of bureaucrats to be able to make normative policies a reality in the field. This research aims to analyze how the service reform strategy is implemented at the West Aceh District Dukcapil Office through the online-based SIAK Population Administration Information System (Population Administration Information System). Apart from that, in its implementation there are also several weaknesses and obstacles faced. The service renewal program which is the main focus in this research, namely using the SIAK system in West Aceh District, is studied in depth. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research and data analysis using observation, interviews, and documentation. As well as data analysis techniques using data reduction, presentation of data and conclusions. This is measured from the 2019 Wijaya theory using 4 indicators, namely Value Transformation, Organizational Arrangement and Work Procedures, Management System Strengthening, and Increasing HR Competency. The results of this research are that, the SIAK system in West Aceh has been implemented, However, its implementation is not yet optimal because it cannot reach the community as a whole.
Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Etnosains untuk Pemahaman Konsep Sains Bagi Siswa Kelas IV UPTD SDI Waruwaja
Authors: Dhoka Fransiska Angelina , Longa Viviana Meo , Mude Alfridus , Lawe Yosefina Uge
Published: August 2024

Kurangnya pemahaman konsep IPA siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di SDI Waruwaja menjadi fokus penelitian ini. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas IV SDI Waruwaja dengan melibatkan 16 siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan pembelajaran IPA berbasis etnosains untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep IPA siswa kelas IV SDI Waruwaja. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Metode penilaiannya menggunakan tes yang menilai pencapaian pemahaman siswa terhadap sains yang berpusat pada etnosains dan pendidikan sains. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep-konsep ilmiah di mata pelajaran IPA SDI Waruwaja dan topik-topik yang berkaitan dengan IPA. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar yang nyata dari siklus I ke siklus II. Nilai rata-rata pada siklus I adalah 47, namun meningkat menjadi 85 pada siklus II. Pada siklus I tingkat pemahaman materi sebesar 47% meningkat menjadi 85% pada siklus II. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berbasis etnosains dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep sains siswa kelas IV UPTD SDI Waruwaja.
Construção de Vídeo Educativo a Pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus em Cuidados Domiciliares
Authors: Zella Marcielen Mendes dos Santos , Seima Márcia Daniele , Mottin Juliana Veiga
Published: August 2024

Trata-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico, cujo objetivo foi desenvolver um vídeo educativo sobre cuidados domiciliares para pacientes portadores de diabetes diabéticos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em três etapas que constam da organização do material embasados em manuais do Ministério da Saúde e Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes Mellitus; produção de material e validação do material educativo por 10 juízes. O processo de validação foi realizado por cinco profissionais de saúde atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde e cinco pacientes diabéticos. Considerou IVC igual ou superior 0,90 para validação de concordância e pertinência do vídeo, segundo os 19 itens do instrumento. O vídeo foi validado com escore do IVC = 0,96. Conclusão: O vídeo educativo é uma tecnologia que surge como recurso digital, o qual pode auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem ao público alvo, apresentando recursos de baixo custo e pode ser utilizado como promoção de educação em saúde.
Erstlinientherapie des multiplen Myeloms: Fortschritte bei funktionellem ­Hoch­risiko und in Therapiesteuerung
Authors: Steinhardt Maximilian , Kortüm Martin , Einsele Hermann
Published: August 2024

Das multiple Myelom (MM) ist eine maligne, durch Endorganschäden definierte Plasmazell­erkrankung, die ein wichtiges Thema bei den weltweit größten onkologischen Kongressen ASCO 2024 und EHA 2024 war. Im Vordergrund standen Vierfachkombinationen – auch bei älteren Patienten –, Studiendaten zu CAR-T-Zellen bei Erstdiagnose, MRD-gesteuerte Therapiepausen sowie neue Substanzen. Einige Präsentationen waren bereits länger mit Spannung erwartet worden, es wurden aber auch überraschende, für die Routine relevante Ergebnisse präsentiert. Die Kongresse standen insbesondere unter dem Vorzeichen der erst kürzlich als Endpunkt anerkannten MRD-Negativität als Surrogatmarker für das progressionsfreie Über­leben (PFS) beim MM.
13th International Symposium on Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum: Auf dem Weg zur multimodalen ­Nukleinsäurediagnostik im Blutplasma
Authors: Holdenrieder Stefan
Published: August 2024

Auf den zweijährig stattfindenden Konferenzen über „circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum“ (CNAPS) treffen sich regelmäßig zahlreiche renommierte Forscher aus aller Welt, um die neuesten Erkenntnisse und Erfahrungen auf diesem jungen Forschungszweig auszutauschen. Diese umfassen grundlegende Fragen der Struktur und Biologie von zirkulierenden Nukleinsäuren (CNAs), technologische Neuerungen zum hochsensitiven und spezifischen Nachweis im Blut sowie deren Applikationen als diagnostische Biomarker für eine Vielzahl von klinischen Indikationen. In diesem Bericht sind Eindrücke vom 13th International Symposium on Circulating Nucleic Acids in Plasma and Serum (CNAPS) vom 04. bis 06.03.2024 in Graz, Österreich, zusammengefasst.
The role of exercise therapy in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in an elderly population: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Susanto Nugroho , Trees Trees , Sari Lisa Mustika , Bangkara B.M.A.S. Anaconda , Sandi I Nengah , Judijanto Loso , Setiawan Muhammad Nurhisyam Ali
Published: August 2024

This study examined how exercise therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older adults, using a prospective cohort study methodology to evaluate the effects of exercise therapy on cardiovascular events. We carefully review relevant research publications and clinical studies, as well as partner with specialists on these topics. Several studies have examined how exercise therapy affects cardiovascular health in older adults. These studies have consistently shown that regular exercise lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and improves outcomes in this population. A review of randomised controlled studies found that aerobic exercise regimens, resistance, and combinations increased cardiovascular risk factors. To assess long-term health changes and trends, we measured key cardiovascular parameters before and after the intervention using longitudinal data from subjects engaged in different types of physical activity. We selected the research subjects using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the reliability of the data. These changes involve reduced circulatory tension, an improved lipid profile, and glucose digestion. A prospective cohort study showed a dose-response relationship between exercise and CVD risk reduction. Higher physical activity reduces cardiovascular incidence and mortality among the elderly. Exercise treatments improve the elderly's physical fitness and functional capacity, as well as cardiovascular risk factors. Physical fitness improves heart health and quality of life. Sports medicine has also demonstrated improvements in obesity, diabetes, and musculoskeletal disease among the elderly. This review of studies emphasises the role of exercise therapy in preventing and treating cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Regular exercise in this population is essential for heart health, functional independence, and well-being.
Keywords: sports therapy; cardiovascular diseases; prospective cohort studies; physical fitness; heart health.
Effect of nutritional status and parents' income on physical fitness of elementary school students
Authors: Sepriadi Sepriadi , Syafruddin Syafruddin , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Alnedral Alnedral , Rifki Muhamad Sazeli , Bafirman Bafirman , Ihsan Nurul , Eldawaty Eldawaty , Hayati Sri Reski , Pratiwi Hilda , Pratiwi Monica Dara , Chaeroni Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of nutritional status and parental income on students' physical fitness. This research was an experimental research aimed to examine the correlation among variables. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 85 students (49 male students and 36 female students). The test was used to examine the correlation among variables. Anthropometric tests were used to examine students' BMI, parents' income questionnaires to see parents' income levels, and TKJI to examine students' physical fitness levels. The statistical test used the SPSS version 26 statistical program. The result of this research was there was correlation between nutritional status on physical fitness with sig. 0.002 < 0.05. There was no correlation between parental income on physical fitness with sig value. 0.756 > 0.05. There was a simultaneous correlation between nutritional status and parental income on physical fitness with sig. 0.005 <0.05, and the correlation of nutritional status and parental income simultaneously on students' physical fitness is 12.2%.
Keywords: Elementary School, Nutritional Status; Parents' Income; Physical Fitness, Student
The Future of Cybersecurity: Innovations and Data Privacy- Preserving Techniques
Authors: Gopireddy Ravindar Reddy ,   Cyber Security Engineer, USA
Published: August 2024

The high increasing cybersecurity landscape has pushed the difficulties of providing strong security as well as respecting user privacy towards being an important concentration. This paper focuses on privacy-preserving techniques in the latest innovations of cybersecurity. This study contributes to analyze the prevalent methodologies today for instance homomorphic encryption, differential privacy and federated learning in order to strive not only a security secure but also private system using these state of art methodologies. The research goes on to describe the emerging trends and future direction in this area with some recommendations that could be used for writing secure protection of sensitive data across multiple applications
MAGISTRATURA TALABALARING TASHKILIY-BOSHQARUV KOMPETENSIYALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK MODELI
Authors: Xasanova Gulsanam
Published: August 2024

Maqolada magistratura talabalarining tashkiliy-boshqaruv kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirish imkonini beruvchi model muhokama qilinadi. Ishlab chiqilgan modeldagi tashkiliy-boshqaruv kompetensiyalarini shakllantirish jarayoni tarkibiy va funksional turga kiradi va oʻquv jarayonining yaxlitligi talablariga muvofiq motivatsion-maqsadli, nazariy-uslubiy, mazmun-texnologik, baholovchi-samarali oʻzaro bogʻliq bloklari tavsiflanadi.
PEMBINAAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN KARYA BAHANA MANDIRI DALAM BENTUK PELATIHAN UJI RESISTENSI ANTIBIOTIK
Authors: Inggraini Maulin , Sari Elfira Maya , Ilsan Noor Andryan , Amelia Ria
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a public health problem. Increased antimicrobial resistance in microbial pathogen can cause death due to inappropriate treatment. The aim of this community service was educational training regarding antibiotic resistance test practice for students at Karya Bahana Mandiri Vocational School so that they have experience and insight into antibiotic resistance testing procedures. The activity was conducted in November 2023. The community service was held as seminar and workshop practice. We Collected data regarding the knowledge of students at Karya Bahana Mandiri Vocational School, answered pre and post-test questionnaires, then the data has been analyzed descriptively. The results of the activity were 75 respondents consisting of 73 students and 2 teachers. The pretest and post-test results showed an increase in participants' knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance, which has average score from 61 (73 participants) to 77 (66 participants), respectively. The analysis showed that this activity can increase participants' knowledge of antibiotic resistance testing procedures as one of the competencies needed as a competent medical laboratory technologist in the future.
Registro de leucismo en Dasyprocta fuliginosa (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) en la Orinoquia colombiana
Authors: Henao-Fernandez Lina , Sanchez Francisco , Alvarez Silvia J.
Published: August 2024

En los mamíferos silvestres, la aparición de patrones de coloraciones atípicas como el leucismo es poco frecuente. Los registros de este tipo de patrones de coloración ayudan a comprender mejor este fenómeno y posiblemente a evaluar el estado de poblaciones silvestres, teniendo en cuenta que la aparición de leucismo ha sido relacionada con procesos endogámicos o de estrés ambiental. En este trabajo presentamos el primer reporte de leucismo en Dasyprocta fuliginosa en Colombia, particularmente en la región de la altillanura del Vichada, en la Orinoquia colombiana. Utilizamos cámaras trampa durante un estudio sobre mamíferos asociados a paisajes con cultivos de marañón en la altillanura de la Orinoquia colombiana. Registramos un individuo de D. fuliginosa con leucismo parcial, ～90% del cuerpo. El individuo, en una ocasión apareció acompañado por dos crías, lo que sugiere que era una hembra que logró reproducirse, a pesar de su coloración potencialmente desventajosa al ser más evidente que coloraciones silvestres típicas.
On the autotomy in Pattonomys semivillosus (Rodentia: Echimyidae) and Calomys hummelincki (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in Colombia
Authors: Leon-Alvarado Omar Daniel
Published: August 2024

Tail autotomy is rare among mammals, mainly observed in rodents. This note reports two new cases in the Colombian Speckled Tree Rat (Pattonomys semivillosus) and Hummelinck’s vesper mouse (Calomys hummelincki). P. semivillosus displays real autotomy, dropping its entire tail when grabbed, akin to lizard behavior. C. hummelincki exhibits fake autotomy, shedding only the tail tip, exposing the last eight vertebrae. These observations add to the limited knowledge of autotomy in rodents, increasing the known species count to 49.
Increases In Composer Success Based On Musical Genres
Authors: Smith Everett , Taylor Joseph
Published: August 2024

This was a secondary analysis of the study "Taking Note: A Study of Composers and New Music Activity in the U.S.", conducted in 2008 by J. Jeffri. The researchers used logistic regression analysis to estimate differences in the odds of composers increasing their activities (e.g., royalties, performances) based on composer genre (e.g., classical, rock), while controlling for composer demographics. We used odds ratios and significant predictors of the odds of increased activity to determine which traits and genres determine a certain level of success, which was reported by the respondents. This was done by manually categorizing each of the composers into a category of genres, looking at the first genre that each respondent said that they composed in. We found that in general, younger composers tend to have more success than older composers, as the odds for an increase in commissions, performances, recordings and locations decrease for each year of age. We also found that successes for composers in the electronic genre are lagging behind not only the classical genre, but most of the other genres as well. In the future, we would like to see composers distribute their music to a more broad audience, along with artists and their teams reaching out to various music festivals and clubs to try to target more locations for performances, enabling for a larger audience.
The Impact of Lifestyle Factors During Pregnancy on the Epigenome and Subsequent Risk of Disease
Authors: Sargent Megan , Reed Abigail
Published: August 2024

While genetic factors have long been known to play a significant role in determining the risk of diseases, less understood is the role lifestyle factors have. Epigenetics is an emerging area of study that seeks to explain how the environment can indirectly influence our genome by causing chemical changes surrounding our DNA. These modifications, collectively called the epigenome, are often permanent and thus can be passed down to future generations. Concerningly, epigenetic modifications have been associated with a wide range of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and schizophrenia. The rapid development of fetal cells has made pregnancy a time of added worry over the possible implications of such changes, especially considering the dependence of the fetus on maternal decisions. This review focuses on three major lifestyle factors during pregnancy, including diet, stress, and the presence or absence of smoking, and evaluates the risk of each in the development of future diseases. Understanding the connection between lifestyle and disease could help prevent disease development in the future and give a better understanding of the causes of diseases altogether.
Repercussions on Innovation in Education for Sustainable Development: A Theoretical Reflection
Authors: Nahid ALAAMRI , Essaid TARBALOUTI , Abir EL AIDI
Published: August 2024

The preservation of our planet’s resources while promoting the wealth and well-being of a growing population is a crucial issue of our time. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) was launched in response to the goals of sustainable development to address the demands of sustainability. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of education for sustainable development on innovation and the social dimension. We examined the variables of educational expenditure, intellectual property patents, and the human development index, comparing two groups of countries: the first with the highest educational ranking in the world, and the second with the highest educational ranking in Africa. Our findings indicate that the first group of countries had a positive educational impact on innovation and human development index, while the second group did not experience the same effects. In this context, we propose a new line of reflection, outlining the necessary steps for a country to adopt a responsible approach in education and to achieve positive results in terms of sustainable development, specifically on the social side.
The Role of Innovate Leadership towards Teacher’s Professional Development in Secondary Schools in Georgetown, Malaysia
Authors: Jusoh Datin Rosnani , Kasirajah Subathra Rani A/P , Dasuki Nordaslina Md , Shu Qiao
Published: August 2024

Educational organisations are committed to providing high-quality education and preparing students for success in a competitive global environment. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the role of innovative leadership in promoting the effectiveness of teachers’ professional development. Furthermore, this paper aims to examine the impact of innovative leadership on the effectiveness of teachers’ professional development. This study also aims to identify the level of innovation in leadership and the effectiveness of teachers’ professional development. The population of this study is 474 teachers, and the sample size of this study is 214 teachers in Georgetown District. The data was collected with surveys using questionnaires (Statistical Package for Social Science 28) is used to obtain descriptive and inference statistics, including the mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings of the data show a high level of innovative leadership and effectiveness in teachers’ professional development in secondary schools at Georgetown. The innovative leadership variable shows it affects the effectiveness of teachers’ professional development variables directly through the teacher’s emotions. This study yielded significant insights with broad implications for educational leadership and practice. This study resonates with various theoretical frameworks and empirical studies, affirming the pivotal role of visionary and supportive leadership in fostering an environment conducive to continuous learning and improvement in teaching practices. In conclusion, the study reaffirms the significance of innovation leadership as a key driver in the realm of educational development.
Diversity and Serendipity Preference-Aware Recommender System
Authors: Yin Kexin , Zhao Junqi
Published: August 2024

Diversity and novelty are essential objectives in recommender systems to improve stakeholders' benefits by reducing user's discovery efforts and improving business operators' sales and revenue. Existing diversity and novelty-based methods indifferently increase diversity or novelty for every user, which inevitably induces the trade-off dilemma between relevance and accuracy. Moreover, different users have different preferences for recommendation diversity and novelty. Such preference should be considered by a recommendation algorithm, thereby avoiding the trade-off dilemma and increasing the prediction accuracy. To address this research gap, we propose a new Diversity and Serendipity-Aware Recommender System (DSPA-RS) problem and its solution method. The MovieLens-2k data are used to evaluate our proposed DSPA-RS method against seven widely used recommendation methods in recommender systems as benchmarks. The test results demonstrate our method shows a superior performance than the benchmarks by a range of 34.30% to 108.27%, indicating that the movies recommended by our method best satisfy users' diversity and serendipity preference. For recommendation accuracy, our DSPA-RS method outperforms the most accurate method by 34.62% in Precision, 7.71% in Recall, and 24.37% in F1 score. The improvement in recommendation accuracy indicates that DSPA-RS's consideration and utilization of diversity preference and novelty momentum greatly improves recommendation quality.
 
Received: 28 April 2024 | Revised: 12 June 2024 | Accepted: 8 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The MovieLens10M data set that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://doi.org/10.1145/2827872, reference number [48]. The MovieLens-2k data set that support the findings of this study are openly available in Grouplens at https://grouplens.org/datasets/hetrec-2011/.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Kexin Yin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Junqi Zhao: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration.
Gebelerin İnternet yoluyla Karar Alma Durumları ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: Tori Leyla , Evrenol Öçal Simge
Published: August 2024

Giriş: İnternet gebeler tarafından bilgi kaynağı ve karar almada yardımcı bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır.
Amaç: Çalışmada gebelerin, internet yolu ile karar alma durumlarının belirlenmesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Temmuz 2022 - Haziran 2023 tarihlerinde bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde kadın doğum polikliniğine başvuran 525 gebeyle yürütüldü. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve Gebelikte İnternet Yoluyla Karar Alma Ölçeği ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, One-way ANOVA, bağımsız gruplar t testi, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizi yapıldı.
Bulgular: Gebelerin %79,9’unun bilgi almak için interneti kullandığı ve gebelikte internet yoluyla karar alma ölçeği puan ortalamalarının 33,81 ± 7,26 olduğu saptandı. Çalışmada internetteki bilgileri yararlı bulma, güvenilir bulma, karar öncesinde internetten bilgi alma ve internetten alınan bilgilerle karar alma sıklığının gebelerin internet yoluyla karar almasını etkilediği belirlendi (p < 0,05).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada gebe kadınların gebelikle ilgili bilgi almak için interneti sıklıkla kullandığı belirlendi. İnternetteki bilgileri yararlı bulma, güvenilir bulma, karar öncesinde internetten bilgi alma ve internetten alınan bilgilere göre karar alma sıklığı arttıkça gebelerin internet yoluyla karar verme düzeyinin arttığı saptandı.
Software Vulnerability Fuzz Testing: A Mutation-Selection Optimization Systematic Review
Authors: Assiri Fatmah Yousef , Aljahdali Asia Othman
Published: August 2024

As software vulnerabilities can cause cybersecurity threats and have severe consequences, it is necessary to develop effective techniques to discover such vulnerabilities. Fuzzing is one of the most widely employed approaches that has been adapted for software testing. The mutation-based fuzzing approach is currently the most popular. The state-of-the-art American Fuzzy Lop (AFL) selects mutations randomly and lacks knowledge of mutation operations that are more helpful in a particular stage. This study performs a systematic review to identify and analyze existing approaches that optimize the selection of mutation operations. The main contributions of this work are to draw attention to the importance of mutation operator selection, identify optimization algorithms for mutation operator selection, and investigate their impact on fuzzing testing in terms of code coverage and finding new vulnerabilities. The investigation shows the effectiveness and advantages of optimizing the selection of mutation operations to achieve higher code coverage and find more vulnerabilities.
Performance of Modified Polymer as a Binder with Qarry Dust and Ballast in the Production of Paving Blocks
Authors: Ngetich Priscilla Jebotip , Sanewu Fundi Isaac , Brain S. Odero J.
Published: August 2024

The city of Nairobi is in need of pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure as an answer to an increasing reliance on automobiles. Collaborative efforts are underway to reduce congestion, although challenges such as sand mining persist. The utilization of plastic waste and Quarry Dust (QD) may provide a sustainable solution. The proposed study aims to assess the mechanical properties and optimal blend design for the production of paving blocks using a modified polymer and a combination of ballast (B) and QD. The gradation curve constituted a pivotal stage in the research process, as it provided vital information regarding the ratio of B and QD required for the optimal mix design. The study methodically explored the optimal ratio of materials for the production of paving blocks incorporating a modified polymer, QD, and B. It was observed that there were minor reductions in strength under acidic conditions, which suggests that the proposed paving blocks may be suitable for use in a variety of outdoor applications. Additionally, it would be advantageous to investigate innovative solutions for Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) infrastructure.
Numerical Simulation for Strength and Stability of RC Tapered Columns
Authors: Kadhim Jabbar Abdalaali , Al-Zaidee Salah R.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the strength and stability of Reinforced Concrete (RC) linearly tapered square columns. Evaluating the slenderness ratio of an RC column requires the radius of gyration of its cross-section, which is well-defined for a prismatic column but not for a non-prismatic one. This study primarily investigates the application of the ACI Code formulae to evaluate the slenderness ratio of RC columns with the studied geometry. Validated numerical models, using Abaqus, were employed to perform nonlinear first- and second-order analyses on the investigated columns subjected to eccentric axial loads. The concrete damaged plasticity model was employed to simulate the nonlinear behavior of concrete. The static Riks solver, available in Abaqus, was utilized for nonlinear analyses: first, with an inactivated geometric nonlinearity for a first-order analysis, and second, with an activated geometric nonlinearity to consider the effects of secondary moments (p-δ effects). The findings indicate the reliability of defining the slenderness ratio of an RC linearly tapered column based on the ACI Code formulae, using the average cross-section of the tapered column.
Chemical Composition, Fatty Acids, Total Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of the Desert Truffle Terfezia Boudieri Chatin in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Guetat Arbi , Alzahrani A. Khuzaim , Oueslati Mohamed Habib , Elhaj Abd Ealrhman M. , Bouajila Jalloul , Shahhat Ismail M. A.
Published: August 2024

Terfezia boudieri Chatin (T. boudieri), which belongs to the Terfeziaceae family, is a desert truffle growing naturally from mycorrhizal relationships with plants that inhabit the slightly moist sandy soils of some desert or semi-desert regions. The chemical examination of the methanolic extract of T. boudieri led to the isolation of a new ketone and the known compound mannitol. The structures of the 2 isolated compounds were resolved using spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and were supported by literature data. The GC-MS analysis of the Fatty Acids (FAs) of T. boudieri oils showed high Unsaturated FA (UFA) profile (78.72%). The major FAs were linoleic acid (62.36%) and oleic acid (14.7%). Comparing the extracts obtained, the methanolic extract revealed the highest levels of Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of 185.56 mg GAE/100 g of truffle, thus the same extract showed the best results for antioxidant activity.
Enhancing Image SEO using Deep Learning Algorithms: A Research Approach
Authors: Amara Marwa , Zaghdoud Radhia , Rhaiem Olfa Ben , Althubiti Ebtihal
Published: August 2024

Visual content influences profoundly user interactions and search engine rankings. Traditional SEO techniques, while foundational, often fall short in the swiftly changing search landscape. This paper presents a cutting-edge solution that leverages the power of deep learning and generative AI to redefine image SEO. Through the innovative integration of the AWS Rekognition's image analysis and ChatGPT's advanced natural language processing, we automate and refine the creation of alt-texts, ensuring they are not only precise, but also SEO-enriched. The result is a harmonious blend of technology and strategy that significantly boosts online content discoverability. Using a specific website as a test environment, the proposed methodology demonstrated a profound impact on SEO performance. Initially, no images on the webpage had alt-texts. After applying the AI-driven approach, all images were equipped with descriptive, SEO-optimized alt attributes, markedly improving their visibility in search engine results. These results underscore the effectiveness of integrating advanced AI technologies in SEO strategies, providing a scalable and effective framework for enhancing digital content accessibility and search engine rankings.
Reconstructing Health Monitoring Data of Railway Truss Bridges using One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Thi Cam , Nguyen Hoang Bui , Minh Tran Quang
Published: August 2024

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system uses sensors to collect information and evaluate the structure, aiming for early damage detection. For many reasons, data from sensors can be corrupted, affecting the assessment results. Reconstructing lost or corrupted data helps complete it, improves structural assessments, and ensures structural safety. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged in recent years as a solution to data problems. This study proposes the use of a One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) to reconstruct lost vibration data during SHM. A complete dataset was used to train the 1DCNN network. After completing the training, the 1DCNN network received incomplete data to return erroneous data. The results of the study show that the proposed method is able to reconstruct vibration sensor data.