bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Materials for Exhaust Manifolds
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: December 2017

A subcommittee within SAE ISTC Division 35 has written this report to provide automotive engineers and designers a basic understanding of the design considerations and high temperature material availability for exhaust manifold use. It is hoped that it will constitute a concise reference of the important characteristics of selected cast and wrought ferrous materials available for this application, as well as methods employed for manufacturing. The different types of manifolds used in current engine designs are discussed, along with their range of applicability. Finally, a general description of mechanical, chemical, and thermophysical properties of commonly-used alloys is provided, along with discussions on the importance of such properties.
Chemical Compositions, Mechanical Property Limits, and Dimensional Tolerances of SAE Wrought Aluminum Alloys
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: December 2017

This SAE Standard for wrought aluminum alloys provides sources of chemical and mechanical property data for a considerable range of alloys with varying properties, structures, and applications.
Zinc Die Casting Alloys
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: December 2017

Because of the drastic chilling involved in die casting and the fact that the solid solubilities of both aluminum and copper in zinc change with temperature, these alloys are subject to some aging changes, one of which is a dimensional change. Both of the alloys undergo a slight shrinkage after casting, which at room temperature is about two-thirds complete in five weeks. It is possible to accelerate this shrinkage by a stabilizing anneal, after which no further changes occur. The recommended stabilizing anneal is 3 to 6 h at 100 °C (212 °F), or 5 to 10 h at 85 °C (185 °F), or 10 to 20 h at 70 °C (158 °F). The time in each case is measured from the time at which the castings reach the annealing temperature. The parts may be air cooled after annealing. Such a treatment will cause a shrinkage (0.0004 in per in) of about two-thirds of the total, and the remaining shrinkage will occur at room temperature during the subsequent few weeks. Stabilizing results in a decrease in dimensions of about 0.0005 in per in from the original size of the casting. Stabilizing is, of course, unnecessary if the machine or fitting operations can be delayed until the castings have aged five weeks at room temperature.

When exposed to stagnant moisture or condensation with limited access to oxygen, a nonuniform type of corrosion may occur on zinc die castings, which often results in the formation of a bulky film of white corrosion products. This may hinder the operation of such parts as automobile lock cylinders, fuel pumps, and carburetors, and in severe cases result in rather rapid loss of zinc. Various types of chromate films are available to satisfactorily overcome this condition.

The same electroplating or enameling procedure is used with both alloys. Organic finishes are quite variable in their ability to adhere well to zinc surfaces. The phosphate type of chemical pretreatment has received widest commercial utilization, and most zinc die castings which are to be finished with lacquers or enamels are phosphate pretreated. In general, a much wider selection of finishes can be used on pretreated die castings.

The relative merits of the two SAE alloys may be outlined as follows:
The construction of the Cathedral of Antigua Guatemala in the 17th century from the pictorial documents
Authors: Garin Alberto , De la Maza Osmín , Castaño Enrique
Published: December 2017

In 1678, the painter Antonio Ramírez elaborated a picture explaining the condition of the works of the cathedral of Santiago de Guatemala (now la Antigua Guatemala), a picture that allows us to establish the evolution undergone by the cathedral from the second half of the XVII century to its current state. Throughout this evolution, we want to highlight those construction elements that have been able to withstand not only the course of time, but above all, the force of the numerous earthquakes that have affected Guatemala since 1678 until today. In addition, Ramirez's work offers a series of brief but very illustrative brushstrokes on the organization of a construction in the second half of the XVII century, data that enriches the history of Guatemalan colonial architecture.
A ética do aprimoramento cognitivo: efeito Flynn e a falácia dos talentos naturais
Authors: Araujo Marcelo De
Published: December 2017

O debate contemporâneo sobre a ética do aprimoramento cognitivo tem se concentrado sobretudo na pergunta sobre se, e em que medida, os indivíduos deveriam ou não ter o direito a fazer uso de novas tecnologias na expectativa de aumentar suas respectivas faculdades cognitivas. A pergunta sobre se haveria uma obrigação de implementarmos o aprimoramento cognitivo dos indivíduos não tem recebido muita atenção. Neste artigo, eu defendo a tese segundo a qual o Estado tem, em princípio, a obrigação de promover o aprimoramento cognitivo dos seus cidadãos. O argumento envolve uma análise do denominado efeito Flynn e das políticas públicas para a educação de crianças superdotadas. A obrigação que o Estado tem de promover o aprimoramento cognitivo de seus cidadãos está subordinada ao conhecimento disponível sobre a eficácia e a segurança dos procedimentos para fins de aprimoramento cognitivo.
Revendo mapeamentos do pensamento brasileiro
Authors: Perruso Marco Antonio
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo trata de alguns mapeamentos fundamentais do pensamento político e social brasileiro, tema e esforçoclassificatório ainda rarefeito nas ciências sociais nacionais. A partir desta revisãoe do registro de passagens fundamentais de obras clássicas do nosso pensamento, formula-se uma hipótese de mapeamento do pensamento brasileiro, referido aos principais lugares sociais de ancoragem da produção intelectual nacional: o mercado (lugar do exercício do espírito do capitalismo); o Estado-Nação (lugar do exercício do poder político-burocrático, modalidade de ação instrumental diferente da anterior); a universidade (e outras instituições assemelhadas), domínio do capital cultural/intelectual, distinto dos capitais econômico e político; e as classes e movimentos sociais de extração popular, que por sua vez remetem à participação política dos setores subalternizados de nossa sociedade, cuja história é intrinsecamente marcada pela desigualdade. Assim, este artigo encontra-se na interface entre os estudos em pensamento político e social e a sociologia dos intelectuais.
Tecnologias leves para o cuidado de enfermagem na atenção psicossocial: contribuições à superação de estigmas sobre a doença mental
Authors: Barbosa Valquiria Farias Bezerra , Lima Cleomarcos Gomes , Simões July Polyana de Souza , Pedroza Robervam De Moura , Mello Marcelle Guimarães de
Published: December 2017

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver intervenções com vistas à superação de concepções estigmatizantes sobre o processo saúde-adoecimento mental, vivenciando a atuação do enfermeiro no âmbito da atenção psicossocial. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de relato de experiência descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado no município de Pesqueira, PE no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2015. RESULTADOS: Desenvolvemos intervenções psicossociais contribuindo para discussões sobre o estigma com os profissionais de saúde e usuários de uma unidade básica de saúde. Promovemos a conscientização sobre o uso indiscriminado de medicamentos psicotrópicos e a abertura para novos modelos de atenção à saúde, como as práticas integrativas e complementares. CONCLUSÕES: A estigmatização da loucura faz com que seja negada à pessoa em sofrimento psíquico sua cidadania. A ressocialização ainda é difícil pois a doença mental, é interpretada como transgressão de normas sociais, o que demanda das equipes multiprofissionais de saúde intervenções no território e com a comunidade.
FABLAB PRONTO3D: Aprendendo com a prática
Authors: Trevisan Pupo Regiane
Published: December 2017

O recente desenvolvimento e utilização de técnicas de fabricação digital para a arquitetura, design, engenharias, construção, dentre outras, têm causado mudanças de impacto no processo de projeto desde seu início até sua construção final. Novos métodos de construção estão sendo desenvolvidos com o uso dessas novas técnicas, abrindo um leque de possibilidades dificilmente alcançadas anteriormente. Espaços nomeados como FABLAB’s hoje, oferecem uma gama de técnicas, procedimentos e equipamentos que proporcionam a execução de modelos, protótipos ou elementos finais em diferentes graus de fidelidade. Este artigo mostra as possibilidades e atividades executadas, com base nestas tecnologias, no PRONTO3D – Laboratório de Prototipagem e Novas Tecnologias Orientadas ao 3D, na UFSC, que faz parte da Rede PRONTO3D, no estado de Santa Catarina, desde 2013.
Associações leigas católicas: novos espaços, práticas religiosas e perspectivas no séc. XX
Authors: Couto Edilece Souza Couto Souza
Published: December 2017

As primeiras décadas do século XX, na Bahia, foram marcadas pelas tentativas de modernização urbana e civilização dos costumes, especialmente na capital. Autoridades políticas e religiosas uniram-se em torno de um projeto de modernização gestado e executado em dois diferentes mandatos do governador José Joaquim Seabra (1912-1916 e 1920-1924). Porém, o recorte temporal foi estendido até 1938 a fim de abarcar algumas mudanças, como a demolição da Igreja da Sé, que, apesar de previstas, só ocorreram na gestão do interventor federal Juracy Magalhães (1931-1937). Nesse contexto, muitas associações leigas foram forçadas a realizar transferências para outras igrejas. Esse artigo trata dos deslocamentos de espaço, as consequentes mudanças nas práticas religiosas dos fiéis e suas perspectivas de continuidade no século XX.
From model to radar variables: a new forward polarimetric radar operator for COSMO
Authors: Wolfensberger Daniel , Berne Alexis
Published: December 2017

Abstract. In this work, a new forward polarimetric radar operator for the COSMO numerical weather prediction (NWP) model is proposed. This operator is able to simulate measurements of radar reflectivity at horizontal polarization, differential reflectivity as well as specific differential phase shift and Doppler variables for ground based or spaceborne radar scans from atmospheric conditions simulated by COSMO. The operator includes a new Doppler scheme, which allows to estimate the full Doppler spectrum, as well a melting scheme which allows to represent the very specific polarimetric signature of melting hydrometeors. In addition, the operator is adapted to both the operational one-moment microphysical scheme of COSMO and its more advanced two-moment scheme. The parameters of the relationships between the microphysical and scattering properties of the various hydrometeors are derived either from the literature or, in the case of graupel and aggregates, from observations collected in Switzerland. The operator is evaluated by comparing the simulated fields of radar observables with observations from the Swiss operational radar network, from a high resolution X-band research radar and from the dual-frequency precipitation radar of the Global Precipitation Measurement satellite (GPM-DPR). This evaluation shows that the operator is able to simulate an accurate Doppler spectrum and accurate radial velocities as well as realistic distributions of polarimetric variables in the liquid phase. In the solid phase, the simulated reflectivities agree relatively well with radar observations, but the simulated differential reflectivity and specific differential phase shift upon propagation tend to be underestimated. This radar operator makes it possible to compare directly radar observations from various sources with COSMO simulations and as such is a valuable tool to evaluate and test the microphysical parameterizations of the model.
Cincuenta palabras generatrices para el aprendizaje del código escrito de la lengua española. Adaptación del método de Paulo Freire a la edad infantil
Authors: García Rodríguez María Luisa , García Díaz Noemí
Published: December 2017

Con el fin de facilitar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lengua española -en su versión escrita- para la enseñanza inicial en la infancia, se propone una adaptación del método de palabras generatrices creado por el gran pedagogo y educador brasileño del siglo XX, Paulo Freire. Además de inscribirse en su línea de pensamiento, dicha propuesta considera las vías de procesamiento de la lengua escrita y se enmarca en los planteamientos de la Corriente Psicolingüística, sin dejar de lado las aportaciones del Constructivismo. La selección de palabras se ha llevado a cabo mediante una investigación cualitativa a partir de la observación del vocabulario de alumnado de 4 a 7 años escolarizado en centros de educación formal de Salamanca capital.
Las mujeres y la creación en la industria de los videojuegos en España: oportunidades y dificultades en espacios masculinizados
Authors: Méndez Martínez Aurora
Published: December 2017

Los videojuegos son una de las primeras alternativas de ocio en nuestra sociedad y generan millones de euros en beneficios anualmente. Sin embargo, apenas un 17% de sus creadoras son mujeres, lo que implica una importante pérdida de capital creativo y altas ganancias económicas que no se reparten de forma equitativa en un contexto de desigualdad social. El objetivo de este artículo es comenzar una búsqueda de las causas de la infrarrepresentación de las mujeres en la industria de los videojuegos, para poder buscar soluciones, crear una economía más sostenible para Europa, un aumento de los espacios igualitarios y mayores oportunidades laborales para las mujeres.
Marie de Gournay. Escritos sobre la igualdad y en defensa de las mujeres.
Authors: Padrino Pérez Aroa
Published: December 2017

Reseña de Marie de Gournay. Escritos sobre la igualdad y en defensa de las mujeres, Monserrat Cabré i Pairet y Esther Rubio Herráez (Eds.), Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 2014, 180 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-00-09810-0.
Transitando entre dois estados, vou enganando-me e “passando a perna” no Estado burguês
Authors: Pereira Mariana Cunha , Alves Maria José
Published: December 2017

Este artigo pretende dialogar com as ideias do filósofo Antonio Gramsci sobre educação. A ideia é discutir, com base numa realidade concreta – a região de fronteira, elementos da contra-hegemonia presente nas relações de ensino-aprendizagem. Para tanto, este texto apresenta as experiências de duas professoras, uma como profissional da educação básica da rede estadual de ensino do Tocantins, em município limítrofe com o estado de Goiás, e a outra como professora do ensino superior, que, ao realizar um trabalho de pesquisa de campo, intuiu o quão significativo seria um recorte investigativo sobre os aspectos da educação escolar naquela fronteira interna do Brasil. Trata-se de fronteira entre municípios de dois estados: Tocantins e Goiás. A metodologia faz uso

de memória, análise de documentos e entrevistas dos pioneiros e professores mais velhos, ainda moradores daquela região. A narrativa se faz na primeira pessoa do plural para assumir um local de inserção naquele contexto e de coautoria. Trata-se, portanto, de um artigo que dialoga com autores das áreas de educação, antropologia,

sociologia, história e geografia.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model Evaluating the Performance of Vietnamese Commercial Banks
Authors: Cuong Dinh Xuan , Hien Hoang Thi , Long Tran
Published: December 2017

The commercial banks (CBs) performance evaluating has been a necessary problem in currently integration trend and usually implemented by a committee of experts under criteria selected. Therefore, it is considered as a Multi - Criteria Decision - Making model (MCDM). Nowadays, there have been many researches proposing various standards and models to evaluate and rank CBs. But in Vietnam, the number of studies related to the Vietnamese banking evaluation model have still been limited. As a result, this study develops a multi-criteria decision model integrating Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Fuzzy the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS). The proposed model has evaluated and ranked five Vietnamese commercial banks including CTG, VCB, BIDV, TCB and MB. The paper revealed their ranks. Besides, the results of the research show that the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model is suitable for applying it to the process evaluating bank performance.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: December 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2018
Social Justice Advocacy in Graduate Teacher Education
Authors: Hoyle Amy Gratch
Published: December 2017

This article includes a description and analysis of a graduate teacher education course designed to engage teachers in taking action for social justice. In the course, students participate in a community of learners in which they examine their cultural identities and engage in social justice advocacy work. Students developed content knowledge and pedagogical strategies that they are able to implement in their K-12 classrooms. Findings indicate that through participating in this course students deepen their sense of what social justice is and act in ways that are consistent with that view.
ZASTOSOWANIE ROZMYTEJ MAPY KOGNITYWNEJ W PROGNOZOWANIU EFEKTYWNOŚCI PRACY WYPOŻYCZALNI ROWEROWYCH
Authors: Jastriebow Aleksander , Kubuś Łukasz , Poczęta Katarzyna
Published: December 2017

W pracy zaproponowano zastosowanie rozmytej mapy kognitywnej wraz z ewolucyjnymi algorytmami uczenia do modelowania systemu prognozowania efektywności pracy wypożyczalni rowerowych. Na podstawie danych historycznych zbudowano rozmytą mapę kognitywną, którą następnie zastosowano do prognozowania liczby rowerzystów i klientów wypożyczalni w trzech kolejnych dniach. Proces uczenia zrealizowano z zastosowaniem indywidualnego kierunkowego algorytmu ewolucyjnego IDEA oraz algorytmu genetycznego z kodowaniem zmiennoprzecinkowym RCGA. Analizę symulacyjną systemu prognozowania efektywności pracy wypożyczalni rowerowych przeprowadzono przy pomocy oprogramowania opracowanego w technologii JAVA.
Seasonal variability of phytoplankton in the shallow waters of the southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Zaboroś Iwona
Published: December 2017

The Baltic Sea is characterized by seasonal variation of phytoplankton structure. These organisms are particularly sensitive to changes in various environmental factors. Because of annually repeated changes, turnover of species composition, abundance and biomass of phytoplankton is observed.
Spatial and temporal variability of individual phytoplankton groups is diversified in a district parts of the Baltic Sea. Therefore, of three different coastal areas were chosen: Ustka – estuary habitat, Poddąbie – sandy habitat and Rowy – rocky bottom habitat. The aim of this paper is to determine temporal and spatial structure of phytoplankton occurrence chosen coastal areas between November 2014 and September 2016. All three studies regions the same dominants, abundance and biomass were observed. Only in Ustka region increase of the diatoms was observed. Which could see the cause of river waters wave. Seasonal phytoplankton studies in three selected habitats revealed, that in those areas that abundance and biomass is similar (75%-80%). Based on this evaluation it is can be stated that conducting phytoplankton more frequently is more important than number of research stations.
Análise do impacto dos repasses estaduais e federais no desenvolvimento dos municípios de Santa Catarina
Authors: Silva Júlio César da , Hall Rosemar José , Kaveski Itzhak David Simão , Hein Nelson
Published: December 2017

The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the transfers of state and federal resources on developing the municipalities of Santa Catarina. The research was classified as descriptive, with procedures that characterize it as a documentary, with data from the state fund transfers (ICMS) and federal (FUNDEB and FPM) received by the 293 municipalities of Santa Catarina from 2008 to 2011. As for approach, the research was characterized as quantitative, using multiple linear regression. The main results of the research demonstrate a relationship between the development of municipalities and fundraising. And, also demonstrated that the fact that a greater amount of resources implies having a greater IFDM. Several municipalities with large resource inputs had a value of IFDM (2012) lower than its position in revenue ranking, however the scenarios projected for 2013 and 2014 the ranking positions have an increased bias, which is, began to improve.
Impacto do Nível de Disclosure no Custo de Capital das Empresas Brasileiras de Capital Aberto do Setor de Construção Civil
Authors: Bizelli Juliana Sahão , Albuquerque Andrei Aparecido de , Souza Kamyr Gomes de
Published: December 2017

This research aimed to analyze the effect of disclosure level on the cost of capital of Brazilian public companies of construction sector. Basically, this study aimed to validate the negative relationship between the variables in the Brazilian capital market, as in international markets. The methodology used was quasi-experimental research the type ex post facto, applying multiple linear regression with panel data. In the results wasn’t found significant relationship between disclosure and cost of capital. So it wasn’t provided the negative relationship express by the theory between disclosure level and cost of capital in this business segment in the analyzed period.
Satisfação e Relacionamento B2B: Investigação da reciprocidade na relação entre Médicos e Planos de Saúde no Espírito Santo
Authors: Spalenza André Sarmento , Ronchi Felipe Andreão , Pelissari Anderson Soncini
Published: December 2017

In order to understand the satisfaction in a B2B scenery, it is necessary to have an inside look at how the exchange of values between the sides happens. When talking about satisfaction with healthcare plans, given a research within the databases of CAPES, and ANPAD SCIELO, it is possible to conclude that many studies are related to patient satisfaction with the healthcare plans, but few deals with the satisfaction of doctors, who are also clients in this business to business relationship. Thus, this article analyzes the relationship between physicians and the healthcare plans in the ES, and their perception of value in generating satisfaction. This study was divided into two phases, the first, which was a qualitative study in a focus group format, followed by a quantitative study using a closed questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent via email to all physicians registered at the Regional Council of Medicine of Espírito Santo, in a total of 8581, with a return amount of 236 questionnaire. From that amount, 230 were accredited to at least one healthcare plan. The study employed the Importance-Performance Matrix to classify the perception of accredited doctors, and analysis of GAP's T-Student test and the correlation in data interpretation. GAP's between importance and performance found in all items showed that the performance was lower than expected, however, it was found that in all these items, the process of authorization for clients is what most urgently needs to adapt.
Relação entre o Uso e Finalidade dos Indicadores de Medição de Desempenho: o caso das Cooperativas de Eletrificação no Brasil.
Authors: Munaretto Lorimar Francisco , Luiz Corrêa Hamilton
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between the use and the purposes of the indicators of performance measurement in Cooperatives of Electrification (CEs). It is a quantitative research of a correlational nature, with data obtained in the months of February, March, 2013, with the CEs of Brazil. The results obtained demonstrate the confirmation of all the hypotheses raised, with a strong correlation between the use of the indicators for strategic decision making (0.635) and monitoring and control (0.632) and moderate correlation with education and learning purposes (0.548) , Legitimacy (0.507) and external communication (0.476).
Nisbah kelamin dan pola peletakan telur parasitoid Trichogramma chilotraeae Nagaraja & Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) pada berbagai jumlah inang
Authors: Hasriyanty Hasriyanty , Buchori Damayanti , Pudjianto Pudjianto
Published: December 2017

The objective of the research was to study sex ratio and oviposition sequence of egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilotraeae in relation with host density under laboratory condition. Parasitoid response with respect to oviposition sequence was examined by exposing five different host (egg) densities: 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 on female parasitoids T. chilotraeae. Results showed that in general, female parasitoid laid its female progeny at the beginning of oviposition sequence. Host density was found to have a strong effect on sex ratio. Sex ratio increase with increasing of  host number.
Implikasi keberadaan agens hayati Neochetina eichhorniae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) terhadap eceng gondok
Authors: Sapdi Sapdi , Buchori Damayanti , Kartosuwondo Utomo , Tjitrosemito S. , Sahari Bandung
Published: December 2017

The effectiveness of Neochetina eichhorniae as a biocontrol agent of waterhyacinth was evaluated in West Java and DKI Jakarta. The objective of this research was to study the implication of the existence of N. eichhorniae on waterhyacinth. Research was conducted in several freshwater ecosystem infested by waterhyacinth and N. eichhorniae, including Cibinong and Lido lakes (Bogor District), Muara Angke Sanctuary (North Jakarta), and Citarum Hulu river (Purwakarta District), conducted during April to August 2004. The impact of N. eichhorniae on waterhyacinth was evaluated by leaf damage intensity and growth parameter of the plant. Results showed that there was no correlation between waterhyacinth and the occurrence of the N. eichhorniae. The population of N. eichhorniae adults was significantly low in any locations studied. Thus, the existence of the biocontrol agent can not result in decreasing of waterhyacinth population.
Reproduksi Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) : pengaruh ketinggian tempat, suhu dan tanaman inang terhadap keperidian
Authors: Reflinaldon Reflinaldon , Mardinus Mardinus , Apriyanto Dwinardi
Published: December 2017

H. varicornis is a larval parasitoid of leafminer distributing and associating with several host plants in highland vegetables planting. Three experiments were conducted to study effects of elevations, temperatures and host plants on female reproduction fitness. The first experiment, we compared fitness traits of female originated from different elevation areas i.e Pandai Sikek (900-1000 m above sea level ), Alahan Panjang(1200-1300m) and Kayu Aro (1400-1500m) whilst two other experiments were treatment of temperatures level (18, 23, 280C), and host plants (red bean, bean and cucumber) to investigate longevity, egg layed, survivorship. Parasitoids originated from Kayu Aro showed the highest longevity and number of eggs. The best fitness also was performed when adult female maintained at 230C. Parasitism, superparasitism and paralization of the parasitoid have been discussed in this paper.
Pengaruh pakan terhadap lama hidup dan kebugaran imago Eriborus argenteopilosus Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Nelly Novri , Buchori Damayanti
Published: December 2017

Research of the effect of adult feeding to longevity and fecundity of parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was conducted under laboratory conditions. Fitness was studied by feeding adults Eriborus with different types of food ( 10% honey, 10% yeast, aquadest). Results of the research indicated that fitness and longevity were highest when Eriborus was fed with 10% honey. There is a positive correlation between size and fecundity, suggesting certain measures of body length can be used as indicators of fitness.
Statistika Demografi Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) pada Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.)
Authors: Mawan Amanda , Amalia Herma
Published: December 2017

Kepik polong kacang panjang Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) menjadi salah satu hama penting pada pertanaman kacang panjang. Dalam upaya pengendalian hama R. linearis dibutuhkan informasi dasar seperti informasi biologi dan neraca kehidupan dari serangga tersebut. Neraca kehidupan R. linearis pada kacang panjang diamati pada kondisi laboratorium. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui biologi dan neraca kehidupan dari kepik polong R. linearis pada kacang panjang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bioekologi Parasitoid dan Predator, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakul-tas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor sejak Oktober  2009 hingga Februari 2010. Peubah yang diamati pada penelitian ini meliputi: 1) lama waktu perkembangan yang dibutuhkan nimfa pada setiap instar hingga menjadi imago, 2) lama hidup imago sejak berganti kulit hingga mati, 3) jumlah telur yang diletakkan. Data yang diperoleh dicatat dalam sebuah tabel yang dalam kajian dinamika populasi disebut neraca kehidupan (life table) tipe kohort. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stadium telur berlangsung selama 6,37 hari, sedangkan stadium nimfa instar I, II, III, IV, V, dan VI berlangsung selama berturut-turut 2,06; 4,75; 4,55; 4,54; 6,2; dan 6,67 hari. Lama hidup imago R. linearis adalah 29,3 hari. Laju reproduksi bersih (R0) R. linearis pada tanaman kacang panjang adalah 22,07 individu per induk per generasi, laju pertumbuhan intrinstiknya (rm) sebesar 0,06 individu per induk per hari, dan rata-rata masa generasi (T) selama 49,94 hari.
STUDY OF METHOD OF PROCESSING CELLULOSIC AND LIGNIN-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS USING CELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES
Authors: Lakina Natalia V. , Doluda Valentin Yu. , Sulman Esfir M. , Shkileva Irina P. , Burmatova Olga S.
Published: December 2017

In the research the results of bioethanol and other valuable products formation are described during peat hydrolytic formation. The factors of cellulose-lignin raw materials (peat and wood sawdust) stability to the action of various hydrolyzing agents were determined. The obtained experimental data indicate the efficiency of peat and sawdust samples pre-treatment with H2SO4 (90 wt.%), which is expressed in the highest yield of reducing substances during hydrolysis of the samples, in comparison with the results obtained with H2SO4 pretreatment of a lower concentration. The article shows the results of cellulose-containing raw materials hydrolysis process study with various ways, including enzymatic treatment. Enzyme complex sample of Celloviridine, containing both exo-and endo-enzymes, was used. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the cellulose-lignin-containing raw materials hydrolysis products was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found that the maximum rate of glucose accumulation (the final product of the hydrolytic process of cellulose-lignin raw materials) was observed when using samples of peat and sawdust pretreated with H2SO4 (90wt.%). As a result of cellulosulignin raw material subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, the amount of D-glucose in the hydrolyzate increased with the help of the Celloviridin preparation in comparison with its amount in the H2SO4 pretreatment. A comparative characterization of the raw material efficiency for the yield of the desired product - D-glucose is shown. In the process of combined hydrolysis of cellulose and lignin-containing raw materials the maximum yield of the monosaccharide was observed during the hydrolysis of peat samples. After appropriate neutralization the resulting hydrolysis solution can be used to produce bioethanol and bacterial biomass in the microbial synthesis of products used for animal feed, as well as for pharmaceutical practice.Forcitation:Lakina N.V., Doluda V.Yu., Sulman E.M., Shkileva I.P., Burmatova O.S. Study of method of processing cellulosic and lignin-containing raw materials using cellulolytic enzymes. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 78-83
STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF STABILIZERS ON BURNING OF SILICONE RUBBER WITH HELP ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Abrukov Viktor S. , Efimov Konstantin V. , Tarasov Nikolai A. , Kol'tsov Nikolay I.
Published: December 2017

Silicone rubbers are used for manufacturing fireproof insulating sheaths for cables and high voltage insulators. Highly oil-resistant silicone rubber of brand IRP 1338 of JSC “Kazan plant of synthetic caoutchouc” production should be singled out among silicone rubbers. This rubber is made from synthetic caoutchouc SKTV and contains Aerosil A-300, titanium oxide, fumed silica U-333 curing agent Perkadox BC-FF and anti-structuring agent ND-8 - α,ω-polydimethyl-siloxanediol. Previously we investigated the kinetics of combustion process of this rubber containing anti-structuring agent ND-8 as well as Ca/Zn-stabilizer Kompanoks (2,6-bis((3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)cyclohexane-1-one) and their combination which are used to enhance the thermal stability of the rubbers on the basis of carbon-chain caoutchoucs. In given paper using artificial neural networks (ANN) the computational multifactor model of combustion of rubber IRP 1338 has been obtained. The influence of selected stabilizers on the combustion rate of silicone rubber IRP 1338 has been studied. The combustion process was investigated by measuring at different points in time the relative height of the unburned portion of the rubber samples in the form of standard rectangular bars with a size of 10x2x2 mm. Combustion occurred under the action of the infrared beam (wavelength 10.6 μm) of laser LG-25  at three temperatures radiation (800, 900, 1000°C). As the main factors influencing the combustion of rubber, the laser radiation temperature was chosen, under which the forced combustion of rubber occurred. The nature of the stabilizers introduced into the rubber and the combustion temperature of the rubber was measured by a thermocouple placed on the surface of combustion rubber. The objective function of ANN-model was the relative height of the unburned portion of the rubber samples. Moreover, it was believed, the greater the relative height of the unburned portion of the rubber samples, the lower the burning rate and the higher the efficiency of the stabilizer. The received ANN-model has allowed to reveal three stages of combustion of rubber and to investigate features of influence of stabilizers on process of combustion. It was established that from the three stabilizers studied, the Ca/Zn stabilizer most effectively slows down the combustion of rubber due to the interaction of calcium oleates and zinc of this stabilizer with caoutchouc molecules. Thus, the possibility of increasing the fire resistance of rubber based on the silicone rubber SKTV by replacing the anti-structuring agent ND-8 on the Ca/Zn stabilizer has been established.Forcitation:Abrukov V.S., Efimov K.V., Tarasov N.A., Koltsov N.I. Study of influence of stabilizers on burning of silicone rubber with help artificial neural networks. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 84-88
Mouloud Feraoun, Masculinist Systems and Feminine Thanatos
Authors: Still Edward
Published: December 2017

Postcolonial literary criticism has long acknowledged the importance of the work of Mouloud Feraoun (1913–1962) as an expression of autochthonous lived experience in opposition to the orientalist narratives that had previously defined the Algerian literary domain. This article
argues that contained within Feraoun's re-drawing of the terms of Kabyle existence from a Kabyle perspective is a critique of the symbolic reality of Kabyle life itself, particularly of its gendered divisions. Specifically, this article illuminates the potential for Feraoun's texts to be read
through the prisms of Bourdieusian sociological and Lacanian psychoanalytical epistemologies where they evoke oppressive masculinist symbolic structures and women's capacity to manipulate, resist and subvert these structures. Special attention is paid to evocations of a feminine revolutionary
'death drive' or Thanatos in the novels Le Fils du pauvre (1950), La Terre et le sang (1953) and Les Chemins qui montent (1957), and to a feminine awareness of the 'phallic' nature of pernicious Kabyle masculinist epistemes that lead to the ruin of Feraoun's protagonists.
Heightened visual attention does not affect inner ear function as measured by otoacoustic emissions
Authors: Jedrzejczak W. Wiktor , Milner Rafal , Olszewski Lukasz , Skarzynski Henryk
Published: December 2017

Previous research has indicated that inner ear function might be modulated by visual attention, although the results have not been totally conclusive. Conceivably, modulation of hearing might occur due to stimulation of the cochlea via descending medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons. The aim of the present study was to test whether increased visual attention caused corresponding changes in inner ear function, which was measured by the strength of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) recorded from the ear canal in response to a steady train of clicks. To manipulate attention, we asked subjects to attend to, or ignore, visual stimuli delivered according to an odd-ball paradigm. The subjects were presented with two types of visual stimuli: standard and deviant (20% of all stimuli, randomly presented). During a passive part of the experiment, subjects had to just observe a pattern of squares on a computer screen. In an active condition, the subject’s task was to silently count the occasional inverted (deviant) pattern on the screen. At all times, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were used to objectively gauge the subject’s state of attention, and OAEs in response to clicks (transiently evoked OAEs, TEOAEs) were used to gauge inner ear function. As a test of descending neural activity, TEOAE levels were evaluated with and without contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) by broadband noise, a paradigm known to activate the MOC pathway. Our results showed that the recorded VEPs were, as expected, a good measure of visual attention, but even when attention levels changed there was no corresponding change in TEOAE levels. We conclude that visual attention does not significantly affect inner ear function.
USCG Sector Delaware Bay Response to Rail Risks Planning Project
Authors: Nielsen Eric , Plank Terry , Schneider Michael
Published: December 2017

The recent increase in domestic petrochemical industries coupled with the transportation of domestic crude oil by rail (specifically Bakken, Bitumen, and Diluted Bitumen (Dilbit)) in the U.S. has dramatically impacted the way that Coast Guard Sector Delaware Bay plans for and responds to rail incidents within their Area of Responsibility (AOR). Their AOR has historically seen one Million Barrels Per Day (BPD) transported within their port; but currently, 588,000 BPD Bakken and 103,000 BPD Bitumen/Dilbit is refined each day at five nearby refineries which is transported via three different Class I rail companies throughout the AOR, calling for the area's new energy renaissance to be joined with proper contingency planning and updated response strategies. Increased investigation into these response strategies is critical in maintaining an effective and safe response posture throughout the eastern corridor through which this oil travels. To address this risk, Sector Delaware Bay completed a first of its kind, “Response to Rail Incidents Planning Project” to include a modified Comprehensive Ecological Risk Assessment (CERA) that is designed to articulate a process which incorporates rail incident planning into their most current Area Contingency Plan.

The Sector's Incident Management Division and Contingency Preparedness staffs leveraged support from their port partners and Area Committee to discuss, plan for, and respond to, these emerging threats. The project included the prioritization of critical rail/water nexus areas, and incorporating them into the Geographic Response Plan (GRP), by conducting site survey visits throughout the AOR, and then designating response strategies to be approved by the local Area Committee. This project, in conjunction with the CERA focused on identifying the major threat from the new domestic crude oil products and documenting best practices and response strategies with input from a very complex and extremely active tri-state region. This initiative has the potential to be the model for rail risk planning Coast Guard-wide, and the aim is to share the work and participate in the dialogue among the entire response community at the International Oil Spill Conference.
ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY INDEX MAPPING IN TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS, PAULINIA REGION, SAO PAULO, BRAZIL - A METHODOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTION
Authors: Costa Daiana Marques , Riedel Paulina Setti
Published: December 2017

This research proposes the development of a mapping methodology for establishing the environmental sensitivity to oil to the adjacent terrestrial environments to highways and railways the city of Paulinia, Sao Paulo, Brazil where is located the refinery of REPLAN. This area was selected because REPLAN is the Brazilian biggest refinery in oil processing capacity. The methodology will be based on physiographic compartmentalization technique, applying remote sensing products, which will support the survey of the main types of terrestrial environments present in the study area, relating them to the physical characteristics that directly influence the predictable course of oil. It is due the recurrence of accidents involving oil spills in inland areas, with consequent environmental damage to adjacent environments of highways and railways. Furthermore, there is no consensus on methodological mapping, as there is for coastal environments. Thus, this research aims to seek a detailed knowledge of the study area to contribute to the preparation of the Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping that constitutes a key element to contingency plans.
OIL SPILL TRAJECTORY AND FATE FORECASTING, RESPONSE AND CLEANUP OPTIONS FOR A COASTAL ENVIRONMENT: A GREEN FIELD MODEL OFFSHORE INDONESIA
Authors: Bassey B.O. , Ajare T.O. , Ozurumba D. C. , Baroni A.S.
Published: December 2017

The environmental impacts of an oil spill and the attendant response applied for ecological restoration would mostly depend on the conditions of the spill, nature of the area, quantity and type of oil released, meteorological and climatological factors, as well as the effectiveness of response techniques. The Indonesian government and operators have been considering best ways of shielding the environment and their reputation from spill hazards, in cognizance of the region's high sensitivity and vulnerability.

This paper thus undertakes a risk assessment for the potential environmental effects of possible spillage of medium light crude pumped to the Floating Storage and Offloading (FSO) terminal installed to handle production and bulk distribution of oil produced from a green oilfield offshore Indonesia. GNOME and ADIOS were deployed to forecast the trajectory and fate of oil spilled from the FSO during loading operations to ocean-going tankers, respectively. Key environmental data obtained from ESI maps were built into the models to yield desired results.

The likely trajectory of oil released from the FSO as depicted by GNOME results for nine days after the spill and the contact probabilities show that 5,200 barrels of the oil would beach on the ninth day. Response efforts must thus be effected before this occurs. The results from ADIOS were captured for both winter and summer conditions; indicating that more spilled oil would remain after a 5-day period, if it occurs during winter, than would be obtained for a spill during summer. This implies less complicated cleanup operations in summer than in winter. However, since the oil is medium light, the lighter fractions would readily evaporate out, leaving behind heavier oily residues that may form tar balls with the submarine sediments and sink to the sea bottom or arrive at the beach, as shown by GNOME.

Subsequent Net Environmental Benefits Analysis suggests that dispersants would not be a good response option due to their toxicity to the ecologically sensitive ecosystem. It is thus recommended to contain imminent spills using dykes and booms within a few hours of occurrence, before further dispersion and beaching. Subsequent in-situ burning would then enable all the hydrocarbons and most other contaminants present to burn off, thus protecting the shoreline and submarine resources. The study will guide spill responders and serve as a basis for future oil spill contingency plans (OSCPs) in the field and others within the Southeast Asian hydrocarbon provinces.
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF SPILLS AND OIL-RELATED POLLUTION IN NIGERIA
Authors: Okonkwo Eloamaka Carol
Published: December 2017

Pollution associated with oil and gas exploration causes huge environmental damage. It is mainly caused by oil spills, gas flaring, effluent discharge and human error and these impacts on health, environment, and culture, economic and social activities of people. Recently, spills appear to be the main cause of oil-related pollution because many countries have worked hard to reduce flaring which is also a major source of pollution in the industry. In Nigeria, pollution from exploration activities is mainly caused by oil spills and gas flaring[1]which had led to many problems including health complications such as serious respiratory problems cancer, kidney and liver problems or even deaths, destruction of farmlands, fishing industry, tourism facilities and cultural areas. It has also led to community conflicts, violence and frustration, militancy, reduction in tourism and hospitality industries, and loss of biodiversity and destruction of habitats. This paper holistically looked at these impacts and examined them in the context of the Niger Delta situation. It generally raises and seeks to provide answers to some important questions: why are these problems grave in Nigeria and the role the negative impacts had played in anti-social behaviour, crises and criminality in the Niger Delta? In answering the questions, the paper examines actions taken by stakeholders to ameliorate the impacts while making few references to other jurisdictions where appropriate. It concluded that the impacts of spills and oil-related pollution are one of the main reasons why militancy and other societal ills have taken the centre stage in the Niger Delta. It recommends a more tailored solution in dealing with oil pollution and problems caused by it.