bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mediating Cultural Transfer
Authors: Win Thong
Published: November 2013

The Scent of Papaya (Mùi đu đủxanh), 1993, Président Films, written and directed
by Tran Anh Hung, starring Tran Nu Yên-Khê, Man San Lu, Thi Loc
Truong.

Cyclo (Xich Lo), 1995, Les Productions Lazennic, Lumiere, La Sept Cinema, La
SFP Cinema (Cinepix Film Properties 2006), written and directed by Tran Anh
Hung, starring Le Van Loc, Tony Leung Chiu Wai, Tran Nu Yen Khe.

I Come With the Rain, 2009, TF1 International, written and directed by Tran
Anh Hung, starring Josh Hartnett, Tran Nu Yen Khe, Byung-hun Lee, Takuya
Kimura, Shawn Yue.
The role for adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment of hemangiopericytoma: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results analysis
Authors: Sonabend Adam M. , Zacharia Brad E. , Goldstein Hannah , Bruce Samuel S. , Hershman Dawn , Neugut Alfred I. , Bruce Jeffrey N.
Published: November 2013

Object

Central nervous system (CNS) hemangiopericytomas are relatively uncommon and unique among CNS tumors as they can originate from or develop metastases outside of the CNS. Significant difference of opinion exists in the management of these lesions, as current treatment paradigms are based on limited clinical experience and single-institution series. Given these limitations and the absence of prospective clinical trials within the literature, nationwide registries have the potential to provide unique insight into the efficacy of various therapies.

Methods

The authors queried the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to investigate the clinical behavior and prognostic factors for hemangiopericytomas originating within the CNS during the years 2000–2009. The SEER survival data were adjusted for demographic factors including age, sex, and race. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify characteristics associated with overall survival.

Results

The authors identified 227 patients with a diagnosis of CNS hemangiopericytoma. The median length of follow-up was 34 months (interquartile range 11–63 months). Median survival was not reached, but the 5-year survival rate was 83%. Univariate analysis showed that age and radiation therapy were significantly associated with survival. Moreover, young age and supratentorial location were significantly associated with survival on multivariate analysis. Most importantly, multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed a statistically significant survival benefit for patients treated with gross-total resection (GTR) in combination with adjuvant radiation treatment (HR 0.31 [95% CI 0.01–0.95], p = 0.04), an effect not appreciated with GTR alone.

Conclusions

The authors describe the epidemiology of CNS hemangiopericytomas in a large, national cancer database, evaluating the effectiveness of various treatment paradigms used in clinical practice. In this study, an overall survival benefit was found when GTR was accomplished and combined with radiation therapy. This finding has not been appreciated in previous series of patients with CNS hemangiopericytoma and warrants future investigations into the role of upfront adjuvant radiation therapy.
Haptoglobin genotype and functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Kantor Ellen , Bayır Hülya , Ren Dianxu , Provencio J. Javier , Watkins Laura , Crago Elizabeth , Horowitz Michael B. , Ferrell Robert E. , Conley Yvette P. , Alexander Sheila A.
Published: November 2013

Object

Haptoglobin allele heterogeneity has been implicated in differential reactive oxidant inhibition and inflammation. Haptoglobin α2-α2 has a lower affinity for binding hemoglobin, and when bound to hemoglobin, is cleared less easily by the body. The authors hypothesized that haptoglobin α2-α2 genotype should be less protective for downstream injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and should portend a worse outcome.

Methods

Patients with Fisher Grade 2 or higher aSAH were enrolled in the study. Genotyping for haptoglobin genotype was performed from blood and/or CSF. Demographic information, medical condition variables, and hospital course were abstracted from the medical record upon enrollment into the study. Outcome data (modified Rankin Scale score, Glasgow Outcome Scale score, and mortality) were collected at 3 months posthemorrhage.

Results

The authors enrolled 193 patients who ranged in age from 18 to 75 years. Only Caucasians were used in this analysis to minimize bias from variable haptoglobin allele frequencies in populations of different ancestral backgrounds. The sample had more women than men (overall mean age 54.45 years). Haptoglobin α2 homozygotes were older than the other individuals in the study sample (57.27 vs 53.2 years, respectively; p = 0.02) and were more likely to have Fisher Grade 3 SAH (p = 0.02). Haptoglobin α2-α2 genotype, along with Fisher grade and Hunt and Hess grade, was associated with a worse 3-month outcome compared to those with the haptoglobin α1-α1 genotype according to modified Rankin Scale score after controlling for covariates (OR 4.138, p = 0.0463).

Conclusions

Patients with aSAH who carry the haptoglobin α2-α2 genotype had a worse outcome. Interestingly, the presence of a single α-2 allele was associated with worse outcome, suggesting that the haptoglobin α-2 protein may play a role in the pathology of brain injury following aSAH, although the mechanism for this finding requires further research. The haptoglobin genotype may provide additional information on individual risk of secondary injury and recovery to guide care focused on improving outcomes.
Generation of a patient-derived chordoma xenograft and characterization of the phosphoproteome in a recurrent chordoma
Authors: Davies Jason M. , Robinson Aaron E. , Cowdrey Cynthia , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Ducker Gregory S. , Shokat Kevan M. , Bollen Andrew , Hann Byron , Phillips Joanna J.
Published: November 2013

Object

The management of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic chordoma is a challenge. Preclinical disease models would greatly accelerate the development of novel therapeutic options for chordoma. The authors sought to establish and characterize a primary xenograft model for chordoma that faithfully recapitulates the molecular features of human chordoma.

Methods

Chordoma tissue from a recurrent clival tumor was obtained at the time of surgery and implanted subcutaneously into NOD-SCID interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL-2Rγ) null (NSG) mouse hosts. Successful xenografts were established and passaged in the NSG mice. The recurrent chordoma and the derived human chordoma xenograft were compared by histology, immunohistochemistry, and phospho-specific immunohistochemistry. Based on these results, mice harboring subcutaneous chordoma xenografts were treated with the mTOR inhibitor MLN0128, and tumors were subjected to phosphoproteome profiling using Luminex technology and immunohistochemistry.

Results

SF8894 is a novel chordoma xenograft established from a recurrent clival chordoma that faithfully recapitulates the histopathological, immunohistological, and phosphoproteomic features of the human tumor. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was activated, as evidenced by diffuse immunopositivity for phospho-epitopes, in the recurrent chordoma and in the established xenograft. Treatment of mice harboring chordoma xenografts with MLN0128 resulted in decreased activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as indicated by decreased phospho-mTOR levels (p = 0.019, n = 3 tumors per group).

Conclusions

The authors report the establishment of SF8894, a recurrent clival chordoma xenograft that mimics many of the features of the original tumor and that should be a useful preclinical model for recurrent chordoma.
Levetiracetam versus (fos)phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis in pediatric patients with intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Bansal Seema , Blalock Dan , Kebede Tewodros , Dean Nathan P. , Carpenter Jessica L.
Published: November 2013

Object

Seizure prophylaxis is used in a variety of conditions, including supratentorial intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In adults, studies have demonstrated phenytoin as the drug of choice for seizure prophylaxis; in children, levetiracetam is often provided due to its favorable side effect profile and pharmacokinetics. This study evaluated the difference in efficacy between these treatment options.

Methods

This retrospective review included 126 patients between 1 month and 17 years of age with acute supratentorial ICH; all received seizure prophylaxis. Demographic data and outcome assessments were compared.

Results

Seizure prophylaxis was provided with (fos)phenytoin in 40 children, levetiracetam in 61 children, and both drugs in 25 patients. Baseline characteristics of the treatment groups were similar, except that more patients treated with (fos)phenytoin had seizures on presentation. Patients treated solely with (fos)phenytoin had a higher probability of early seizures (within 7 days of ICH) compared with those treated only with LVT, controlling for relevant variables including seizures on presentation (OR 24.6, p = 0.002). Patients treated with (fos)phenytoin were more likely to need additional antiepileptic drugs for seizure control (p = 0.005). There was no significant difference in the incidence of late seizures (> 7 days after ICH) (p = 0.265). Adverse events necessitating a change in therapy were uncommon.

Conclusions

Levetiracetam is a reasonable alternative to (fos)phenytoin for prophylaxis of early posthemorrhagic seizures. Levetiracetam and (fos)phenytoin are well tolerated in children. Prospective studies are needed to determine superiority, optimal dosing, and impact on long-term outcomes.
Serum Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) as an effective biological marker to monitor therapy in bronchial asthma patients.
Authors: Begum Afroza , Sattar Humayun , Sattar Abu Naser Ibne , Miah Md. Ruhul Amin , Saleh Ahmed Abu
Published: November 2013

Clinically diagnosed bronchial asthma patients comprising of new cases, on therapy or follow up were enrolled for this study to see if the new biological marker Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) can be used as a more precise marker to monitor therapy than the presently used conventional ones like FEV1% predicted, PEFR, and Circulating eosinophil (C.E) count. Out of 70 bronchial asthma patients, 30 intermittent, 4 mild persistent, 24 moderate persistent and 12 severe persistent asthma patients were included, while 45 cases were enrolled for follow up. Serum level of eosinophil granular protein, Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) was measured in relation to changes in their forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1% predicted) and Circulating Eosinophil count (%) before and after therapy in 45 follow up patients on asthma therapy. In this study, it was observed that C.E count (%) and FEV1% predicted were not decreased significantly and serum eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) decreased significantly (p<0.001) after asthma therapy. Thus, serum ECP level can be used as a biological marker than other conventionally used marker (FEV1, C.E count) to monitor therapeutic efficacy in bronchial asthma patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15813 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 3-7
Isolation, identification and susceptibility pattern of Gardnerella vaginalis in bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Akhter Shameem , Sattar Humayun , Miah Ruhul Amin , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Ahmed Sharmeen , Asna Shah Md Zahurul , Rahman M Mushfequr
Published: November 2013

Bacterial vaginosis is the commonest cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age. A total 200 women aged 15- 45 years with history of abnormal vaginal discharge were included as study population. Fifty women without such history of discharge were taken as healthy control. Two vaginal swab samples were taken from each case and control. These swab samples were subjected to test by Gram stain (Nugent method) and culture. 21.5 % of the cases were diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis by Gram stain (Nugent method) and 21 % by culture. Clindamycin was susceptible to G. vaginalis in (90.5%) followed by metronidazol (76.1 %), chloramphenicol (71.4 %) and erythromycin (66.7 %). Out of 50 cases of recurrent bacterial vaginosis, G. vaginalis was isolated from 15 (30 %) cases, of which 5 (33.3 %) were sensitive and 10 (66.7 %) were resistant to metronidazol, while all 15 cases were sensitive to clindamycin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15814 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 8-11
Evaluation of Dot Immunoblot for identification of antibodies to Extractable nuclear antigen
Authors: Sharmin Sadia , Ahmed Sharmee , Sattar Humayun , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Tarafdar Shirin
Published: November 2013

This cross sectional study was done from January 2009 to June 2010 in Microbiology department of Dhaka Medical Collage. The study was designed to evaluate the advantages and reliability of dot immunoblot (DB) for identification of antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA) in autoimmune connective tissue disorder (CTD). Sera from systemic lupus erythematosus patients (n = 37), systemic sclerosis patients (n = 13), rheumatoid arthritis patients(n=11), mixed connective tissue disease patients (n=6), polymyositis patients (n=7), and sjogrens syndrome (n=2)were tested for antinuclear antibody (ANA) by Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp-2 cell and analyzed for the presence of antibodies to RNP, Sm, SSA, SSB, Scl-70, and Jo-1 (anti-ENAs) by dot immunoblot and ELISA. Out of 76sera of autoimmune connective tissue diseases 35 (46.05%) samples were found to be positive by DB and 33 (43.4%)were positive by ELISA. The dot blot assay exhibited 100% sensitivity for SSA, SSB, Scl-70 antibodies and for RNP the sensitivity was 90%; specificity was over 98% for these 4 ENA antibodies. Multiple reactivities were also found in a substantial number of patients sera. No serum was positive for anti-Sm and anti-Jo-1.Healthy controls also revealed no positive reactivity for anti-ENA by DB and ELISA. In conclusion, the dot immunoblot is a valid method for the detection of specific autoantibodies in autoimmune connective tissue disorder. Its most notable advantages are simultaneous detection of several autoantibodies in the same serum and its lower cost.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15815 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 12-15
Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi isolated from blood culture in a referral hospital
Authors: Hasan Bulbul , Nahar Sabera Gul , Akter Laila , Saleh Ahmed Abu
Published: November 2013

The present study has been carried out in an attempt to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns with special reference to susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi to ciprofloxacin isolated from blood culture. The study is also designed to find out the MIC of Ciprofloxacin by E- test. Blood samples were taken for culture sensitivity, Widal test and ICT from 100 clinically suspected cases of typhoid fever in 1st week of illness who attended at out patient department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH).The study was done in Microbiology Department of Rajshahi Medical College and Shishu Hospital, Dhaka. Diagnosis of patients was based on history of fever, blood culture, Widal test and ICT. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates from blood culture was recorded. Further more, the minimum inhibitory concentration of Ciprofloxacin was determined by E-test for the isolates resistance to Ciprofloxacin. Out of 100 suspected cases of typhoid fever, blood culture positive for S. Typhi were 16 (16%). Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of 16 isolates of S. Typhi showed that no isolate was resistant to Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime, only 03(18.75%) were resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Azithromycin whereas 10(62.5%) were MDR showing resistance to Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole and Chloramphenicol which are first-line antityphoidal drugs. On the other hand, all (100%) the isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid. The study revealed that Ceftriaxone and Ceftazidime are the most effective drugs in the treatment of typhoid fever. Moreover, E-test has been found to be helpful to determine appropriate therapeutic dose of Ciprofloxacin especially in case of drug resistance and pediatric population.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15816 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 16-20
Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in Young Adult Women
Authors: Jhora Sanya Tahmina , Paul Shikha
Published: November 2013

The present study was conducted to observe the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolated S. saprophyticus from urine samples of patients admitted in inpatient department or visited the out patient department of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital (SSMC& MH) Dhaka from October 2002 to September 2003. Among the isolates, Esch.coli was the most predominant (82.61%) urinary pathogens followed by S. saprophyticus (7.01%). 93.10% S.saprophyticus was isolated from females of which highest (44.82%) rate of isolation was among female of 18- 45 years age group. Rate of isolation was also high (41.38%) among female of <18 years age group. All strains of S.saprophyticus (100%) were sensitive to Imipenem. High sensitivity was also observed to gentamicin (86.20%) andceftriaxone (72.41%). Ciprofloxacin was found to be sensitive against 68.96% isolates. Sensitivity of ceftazidime, cephalexin and cloxacillin were 65.51%, 55.17% and 55.17% respectively. However, most of the S. saprophyticus are resistant to ampicillin, nalidixic acid and cotrimoxazole. So, the present study illustrates that physicians and microbiologists must be aware that S. saprophyticus is an important cause of UTIs in young women and there is a need for continuous evaluation of common antibiotics used in the therapy of uropathogens.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15817 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 21-25
Pertussis infection in adolescents and adults with persistent cough: A Review
Authors: Yesmin Kazi
Published: November 2013

Pertussis or whooping cough, generally considered as the disease of infants and children, is an acute respiratory tract disease responsible for around 300,000 deaths annually. However, recent reports from many countries of the world clearly indicate that people of all age groups including adolescent and adults could be suffering from this disease. Pertussis remains an underestimated and under reported disease in adolescent and adults due to atypical symptoms in these age groups. Moreover, pertussis has been re-discovered as a frequent cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults in the recent past but the diagnosis still is often missed unless specific diagnostic tests are applied. The affected adolescents and adults act as reservoirs of the disease to the vulnerable population of infants. There have been increasing reports of pertussis outbreaks in adults population in many western countries and vaccination of this group is being planned. Additional booster doses of acellular pertussis vaccine may help to control and prevent pertussis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i1.15819 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (01): 31-34
A rapid Drug Susceptibility Test (DST) for detection of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputum sample in Category II failure Tuberculosis patients.
Authors: Rahman Fahmida , Miah Md. Ruhul Amin , Kamal Md. Mustafa , Sattar Humayan , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Ahmed Sharmeen , Tarafder Shirin , Anwar Shaheda
Published: November 2013

This study was designed for early detection of drug resistance in Category II failure tuberculosis (TB) patients and to introduce a simple method to detect multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.TB) from direct sputum sample. Total one hundred Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N) staining positive Category II failure TB patients were enrolled in this study. Culture and drug susceptibility was done by slide and conventional method, among which 90 samples were positive by slide culture and 87 samples were positive by conventional culture. Susceptibility test by slide method showed 85 (94.44%) resistance to one or more anti -TB drugs. Resistance to Isoniazide (INH), Rifampicin (RMP), Ofloxacin (OFX) and Kanamycin (KA) was 94.44%, 84.44%, 31.11% and 4.44% respectively. By this method 80% isolates were detected as Multi-drug resistant (MDR) M.TB and 4.44% isolates were detected as Extended drug resistant (XDR) M.TB. Susceptibility results by slide DST demonstrated good concordance with conventional DST methods. Statistical analysis showed that, Sensitivity of slide DST method was 98.8%. Susceptibility results were available much faster by slide DST method (12.5±0.5 days) compared to that by conventional DST (60.4±5.9 days). Rate of contamination was also much lower by slide DST method than conventional culture (0.18% Vs 3.25%). The present study reflected that the slide DST method could be applied as rapid diagnostic tool to detect drug resistance among Category II failure TB cases, which is essential for applying appropriate therapy.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i2.16910 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (02): 6-10
Evaluation of two new rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for the diagnosis of malaria
Authors: Jahan Fahmida , Elahi Rubayet , Mohiuddin Md. Khaja , Khan Md. Gulam Musawwir , Alam Mohammad Shafiul , Noor Rashed
Published: November 2013

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) address the need for accurate diagnosis of malaria, particularly in resource limited settings. In this study, two malaria RDTs were compared with gold standard microscopy: On Site Pf/Pv test detecting Plasmodium falciparum-specific histidine rich protein-2 (Pf HR P2) and P. vivax-specific parasitic lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) antigens; and SD Bioline anti-Pf/Pv test detecting anti-HR P2 and anti-pL DH antibodies for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections, respectively. For OnSite test, the overall sensitivity was found 96.2% , specificity 98.2% , positive predictive value (PPV ) 98.2% , negative predictive value (NPV ) 96.4% and agreement with microscopy was found to be 0.94. On the other hand SD Bioline test, the overall sensitivity was 75.4%, specificity 83.7%, PPV 84.3% , NPV 74.5% and agreement with microscopy was 0.59. These data revealed that the R DT based on antigen detection (Onsite test) was more reliable than that based on the antibody detection (SD Bioline test).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i2.16931 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (02): 11-15
Antibiogram of Urinary Escherichia coli isolated in Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka.
Authors: Jhora Sanya Tahmina , Paul Shikha , Begum Bilkis Ara , Chowdhury Abul Quashem
Published: November 2013

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infectious diseases & an important cause of morbidity in general population. More than 90% of all uncomplicated UTI s are caused by Esch. coli infection. The study was carried out in Department of Microbiology of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital (SSMC& MH) Dhaka from October 2002 to September 2003. A total of 749 urine samples were studied of which 414 (55.27) showed significant growth. Among the 414 isolates, E sch. coli was the most predominant (82.61%) organism. Esch. coli was highly sensitive to Imipenem (95.02%) followed by Ceftriaxone (86.84%), Cefuroxime (67.54%), Gentamicin (66.08%), and Ceftazidime (55.84%) respectively. Low sensitivity patterns were shown against Nitrofurantoin (44.73%) & Ciprofloxacin (40.64%). The sensitivity to other antibiotics varied from 23.39% to as low as 2.63%. The aim of the present study was to observe the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of isolated Esch. coli from urine samples of patients admitted in inpatient department or visited the out patient department of Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital (SSMC& MH) Dhaka.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i2.16934 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (02): 23-26
Plasmodium malariae in Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Muhammad Ehsanul , Husain Muhammad Anwar , Akter Nasima , Mazed Muhammad Abdul , Alam Khan Mashrequl , Sultan Muhammad Tipu , Dewanjee Arup Kanti , Ahmed Muhammad Shaqil , Rahman Muhammad Arifur , Hossain Muhammad Zakir
Published: November 2013

We detected a case of Plasmodium malariae in Chittagong, Bangladesh. The person was an adult male, presented clinically as severe malaria. B lood slide examination by microscopy and pan malarial immunochromatographic test (ICT) revealed the case as Plasmodium malariae infection. The patient presented as severe malaria case for which he was hospitalized and recovered after seven days of quinine treatment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v5i2.16936 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2011; 05 (02): 30-31
Formulation and Evaluation of Stavudine Loaded Polymethacrylic Acid Nanoparticles
Authors: Mallamma T , Bharathi DR , Yogananda R , Radhika G Lakshmi , Vyjayanhimala T
Published: November 2013

Nanoparticles represent a promising drug delivery system of controlled and targeted drug release. They are specially designed to release the drug in the vicinity of target tissue. The aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate polymethacrylic acid nanoparticles containing stavudine in different drug to polymer ratio by nanoprecipitation method to be 121 + 8 to 403 + 4 nm. The particle size of the nanoparticles was gradually increased with increase in the proportion of polymethacrylic acid polymer. The drug content of the nanoparticles was increasing on increasing polymer concentration up to a particular concentration. No appreciable difference was observed in the extent of degradation of product during 60 days in which, nanoparticles were stored at various temperatures. FT-IR studies indicated that there was no chemical interaction between drug and polymer and stability of drug. The in-vitro release behavior from all the drug loaded batches was found to be zero order and provided sustained release over a period of 24 h. The developed formulation overcome and alleviates the drawbacks and limitations of stavudine sustained release formulations and could possibility be advantageous in terms of increased bioavailability of stavudine. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Volume 2, Issue 4: October 2013; 133-140
Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Leaves and Bark of Ardisia Colorata
Authors: Syed Easin , Mashroor Benyamin , Hossain Fouad Md Delwar , Bi-Illah Natik , Bhattacharjee Rajib , Hannan JMA
Published: November 2013

The Ardisia colorata is one of the rare hill-tract plants in Bangladesh. The experimental research was intended to evaluate the phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of 70% ethanolic extract of leaves and bark of Ardisia colorata. Preliminary phytochemical screening of both the leaf and bark extract revealed the presence of various classes of compounds such as saponins, reducing sugars, tannins, and terpenoids with minor presence of alkaloid and flavonoid. When antimicrobial study was carried out against 10 different strains of microorganisms by detecting the zone of inhibition with disc diffusion technique, the two extracts showed very strong effect especially against Vibrio parahemolyticus and Bacillus subtilis with trace activity against Salmonella typhi. When further quantitative estimation was carried out using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) with alternate methodology involving incorporation of phenol red indicator, their corresponding MIC numerical values were deduced at 3mg/ml respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijpls.v2i4.17115 International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Volume 2, Issue 4: October 2013; 158-164
Natural Polymers in ihe Development of Floating Drug Delivery Systems: A Review
Authors: Ganesh Kumar , Archana Dhyani , Preeti Kothiyal
Published: November 2013

The purpose of writing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to compile the recent literature with special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention . This can be achieved by use of various polymeric substances including natural polymers. These polymers are inexpensive, safe and available in a variety of structures with versatile characteristics. Large number of derivatizable groups, wide range of molecular weights, varying chemical composition gel forming nature of these polymers also provide an exciting opportunities in the fascinating arena of applied polymer science and drug delivery technology. All these characteristics make them suitable candidate for design and fabrication of novel gastroretentive drug delivery systems. Various natural polymers have been investigated worldwide by scientific community for their potential as floating drug delivery systems. The present article highlights various recent efforts and advanced approaches exploiting several natural polymers in this technology. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijpls.v2i4.17116 International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Volume 2, Issue 4: October 2013; 165-178
Stereoselectively fluorinated N-heterocycles: a brief survey
Authors: Hu Xiang-Guo , Hunter Luke
Published: November 2013

The stereoselective incorporation of fluorine atoms into N-heterocycles can lead to dramatic changes in the molecules’ physical and chemical properties. These changes can be rationally exploited for the benefit of diverse fields such as medicinal chemistry and organocatalysis. This brief review will examine some of the effects that fluorine substitution can have in N-heterocycles, including changes to the molecules’ stability, their conformational behaviour, their hydrogen bonding ability, and their basicity. Finally, some methods for the synthesis of stereoselectively fluorinated N-heterocycles will also be reviewed.
Aurélia ou le Rêve et la Vie , de Gérard de Nerval
Authors: Spoljar Philippe
Published: November 2013

Aurélia ou le Rêve et la Vie , de G. de Nerval, est un récit poétique clinique relatant l’évolution tragique d’un délire de filiation qui problématise un deuil maternel insondable. L’auteur tente de métaphoriser l’espace hallucinatoire de son « rêve » en le transformant narrativement et poétiquement en un Destin. Il reconstruit fantasmatiquement son propre fondement qui est un monde originaire où l’image d’une Mère absolue est rendue équivalente au Tout, ce qui marquera aussi le temps de sa rencontre avec sa mort.
Dans la famille « effroyable » : je voudrais la mère !
Authors: Hours Armelle
Published: November 2013

Dans toutes les situations où l’enfant est retiré de sa famille, la prise en compte de la dimension du lien familial (parents, fratrie, famille plus élargie) s’avère indispensable. Après avoir précisé le contexte du placement en MECS (maison d’enfants à caractère social) et examiné les difficultés inhérentes à celui-ci, notamment le risque d’impasse, de fixation, l’auteure évoque la dimension fantasmatique de la figure maternelle avoisinant ces contextes traumatiques où domine l’effroi. Ces considérations peuvent faciliter le travail de dégagement, de déprise, qui s’avère tout à fait essentiel dans ces contextes délicats. Puis, l’auteure envisage les besoins de l’enfant en termes de soin et tente de mettre en évidence en quoi celui-ci permet l’accès à une meilleure différenciation des places quelles que soient les modalités thérapeutiques proposées (individuelle, familiale ou groupale et institutionnelle). Une séquence clinique illustre le propos.
L'incident frontalier du printemps 2013 : un essai d'interprétation des relations sino-indiennes
Authors: Saint-Mézard Isabelle
Published: November 2013

La transition du pouvoir qui s’est opérée à la tête de la République populaire de Chine entre l’automne 2012 et le printemps 2013 a retenu l’attention des autorités indiennes surtout par les gestes amicaux dont elles ont fait l’objet. Ces gestes d’amitié ont laissé espérer des avancées sur les dossiers de sécurité qui perturbent les liens par ailleurs denses et diversifiés entre les deux pays. Mais, au moment où la nouvelle équipe dirigeante chinoise tentait de déployer une politique d’amitié vers l’Inde, un sérieux incident dans les zones frontalières est venu rappeler que le rapport sino-indien restait marqué par une profonde asymétrie. Cet incident, le plus grave depuis la fin des années 1980, confirme surtout que les deux voisins s’enferment dans un préoccupant dilemme de sécurité. Si le principe de statu quo sur les zones frontalières demeure le point de référence des autorités de part et d’autre, il va s’affaiblissant en raison de mouvements militaires de petite ampleur, mais de portée symbolique importante, sur les hauteurs himalayennes.
Identification of the Dynamic Properties of Mechanical Joints
Authors: Guo Tie Neng , Wu Ting Yu , Song Xiao Lei
Published: November 2013

The frequency response functions (FRFs) are frequently used to identify dynamic properties of the mechanical joints. However, the ill-posed problems of the system are caused by the contamination of measurement noise even if it is processed by reduction technique. In order to solve this problem, put the noised FRFs into identification equations to theoretical derivation, explained the degree of influence on the identified results by noised FRFs in theory. In order to make the identified results represent real properties of the joints, an improved FRFs method was developed based on subtraction term frequency selection, in which the measured data were processed could get high degree of anti-noise frequency before parameters identification. This method avoids the occurrence of ill-posed problems. The results of simulation show that the proposed method can solve the ill-posed problems, thus significantly improve the accuracy of identification.
The Study on Cavitation Phenomena of Zoom Nozzle Based on Orthogonal Experimental and Spraying Mechanics
Authors: Zhao Xin Ze , Yan Hou Lin , Yang Zhen Xing , Xian Yu Wen Ling
Published: November 2013

Abstract: The simulation model of zoom nozzle was established in this article.The numerical simulation of flow field in the zoom nozzle was completed with the Fluent software and based on orthogonal experimental method the structure size optimization of the nozzle was completed too.The results showed that the cavitation phenomenon is easy to form near the transition area of the cylindrical section and expansion section of the nozzle.Using orthogonal experimental method,we can achieve structure size optimization of the nozzle from reducing cavitation rate and increase the distance that emergence point of maximum cavitation rate with the cylindrical section of nozzle.
Study on the Miter Gate Fault Diagnosis Methods Based on Vibration Signals
Authors: Zhao Mei Yun , Wang Jie , Qin Xiang Xiao , Kang Xiao Ni , Wang Rui Feng
Published: November 2013

The miter gates of Three Gorges Dam and Gezhou Dam open and close frequently under low speeds and heavy loading conditions. The moving componets, including hoist, door shaft, roof pivot and bottom pivot, work long-term and go wrong easily. The traditional periodic maintenance and fault overhaul are ineffective and may cause damage and waste. So the miter gate fault diagnosis methods based on vibration signal are put forward in this subject. With the No.1 ship lock maintenance of Gezhou Dam, the top pivots poor lubrication operating mode was simulated. The vibration signal of top hub reinforcement plate was collected before and after overhaul, then several signal processing and analysis techniques were selected to research the fault diagnosis methods. The results illustrate that it is feasible to achieve miter gate faults diagnosis based on vibration signal detection technology, which has some certain guiding significance on miter gate maintenance.
Study on Manufacturing Engineering with Enterprise Standardization Management Maturity Evaluation
Authors: Feng Yan Ying , Hao Su Li , Ding Ri Jia
Published: November 2013

First, using the Delphi method, field trips and literature research method builds manufacturing engineering with enterprise standardized management index system. Second, using AHP calculates the index weights of manufacturing engineering with enterprise standardization management system. Third, this study constructs manufacturing engineering with enterprise standardized management hierarchy model. A manufacturing engineering with standardized management maturity model will be built at last. It provides a reference for manufacturing engineering with enterprise grasping their overall standardization management level of enterprise, and can improve the overall standardized management level.
Determinants of Organizational Innovation Performance in Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises: A Survey Study
Authors: Tao Yong Mei , Hong Yu
Published: November 2013

Manufacturing engineering refers to design the production process for a product including all considerations pertaining to the process of production. Along with the rapid development of global economic integration, manufacturing enterprises in our country are under increasing pressure. In today's ever-changing competitive environment, taking initiative innovation is an important way to improve competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises. Staff's innovation behavior is the most important factor in an organization in innovation. Data from samples of 715 subjects were analyzed through the software of SPSS16.0 and AMOS17.0. The samples are from different regions and industry in our country. It reveals the generation mechanism of individual innovation behavior (IIB) such as to develop new materials and new energy in manufacturing enterprises. In a favorable organizational innovation climate, it is effective to improve innovation management by encouraging affective commitment (AC) of staff.
Study on Effect and Action Mechanism of Different Superplasticizer on Properties of Titanium Gypsum
Authors: Du Chuan Wei , Li Guo Zhong
Published: November 2013

The chemical modification of titanium gypsum was made by calcium lignosulfonate, naphthalene and polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The effect of different superplasticizer on the physical properties of titanium gypsum was studied. The test results show that the standard consistency water, setting time and mechanical strength of titanium gypsum had changed to different extent with the three types of superplasticizer added. Naphthalene superplasticizer had best modification effect on titanium gypsum and its optimum content was 3%. When the naphthalene superplasticizer dosage was 3%, the 2h flexural strength and the 2h compressive strength of sample were 1.15MPa and 2.37MPa. The micro structure of titanium gypsum hydration products was analysed by SEM and the action mechanism of superplasticizer was analysed.
The Preparation of Fiber-Reinforced Foaming Desulfurization Gypsum
Authors: Li Lin Lin , Li Guo Zhong
Published: November 2013

Used the desulfurization gypsum, foaming agent and fly ash for molding thermal insulation foamed desulfurization gypsum, and studied the influence of different content of foaming agent on its density, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. The result showed that when the content of foaming agent was 5%,the thermal conductivity was 0.052W/(m·K) reaching minimum, and the density of foamed desulfurization gypsum was 225Kg/m3 .To use glass fiber as reinforcing material for studying the effect of the vary content of glass fiber on strength of the material. The result showed that when the content of glass fiber was 1.5%, the flexural strength and compressive strength of the sample was increased 41.67%5.66% than the blank sample.
Study on Forming Process of Plant Fiber Multilayer Decorative Board (I) - Effect of Fiber Content on the Properties
Authors: He Hong Cheng , Chen Chao
Published: November 2013

This paper mainly studied on the effect and experiment of fiber content of plant fiber multilayer decorative board, the results show that: when the fiber content is 30% in the composite, each property can achieve better. The product has good physical and chemical properties, and environmental characteristic, it has also reached the indoor furniture use requirements and can be used to replace the ordinary artificial board,.The product is completely no harm to environment in both producing and using, and has a broad development prospect.
Research on Oilfield Produced Water Treatment by Moderately Compressed Exfoliated Graphite Blocks
Authors: Gao Lin , Tu Hong Bo
Published: November 2013

The objective of this work was to investigate the possibility of oilfield produced water (OPW) treatment by moderately compressed exfoliated graphite (CEG) blocks. The CEG blocks were used as filtration materials to treat OPW of Jianghan Oilfield (Qianjiang, Hubei Province, China). The relationship between density and strength as well as the relationship between density and permeable capability of CEG blocks were studied. Furthermore, the maximum OPW treatment ability of CEG blocks was discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: CEG blocks which are used as filtration materials must have both suitable strength and suitable permeable capability. The effect and efficiency of wastewater treatment can be balanced when the CEG density is nearby 0.025 g/cm3. For OPW of Jianghan Oilfield the maximum treatment ability of CEG which has a density of 0.025g/cm3 and a mass of 0.1673g is more than 20L/g if the filtration rate is ignored.
Mineral Slat of Mahai Salt Lake Dissolution Experiment and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Li Yong Gang , Jiang Hong , Zhang Xing Ru , Wang Xiao
Published: November 2013

Mahai salt lake has disadvantages of water shortage and low grade KCl (KCl<8% wt/wt)). First, the brine formula experiment for dissolution slat mine was finished under keeping brine steady seepage, which the KCl content in product brine is greater than 1.2% (wt); then, this work obtained the seepage coefficient that is 1.836×10-6 m/s; the three-dimensional steady seepage finite element model was build for simulation brine seepage process with different pressure head, and the results showed that the simulation values using the model is basically consistent with the experiment data and the maximum difference is less than 5%. So the model is suit for local dissolution experiment design.
Synthesis and Photochromism Studies of 1-(2,4-dimethoxyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene
Authors: Tang Xu Gang , Jia Hong Jing , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: November 2013

A novel photochromic diarylethene bearing a pyrimidine unit as one aryl moiety has been synthesized. The compound exhibited remarkable photochromism, changing from colorless to violet after irradiation with UV light. When irradiated with UV light, the compound exhibited a relatively strong fluorescence switch along with the photochromism from open-ring isomer to closed-ring isomer. Using this diarylethene as optical storage was performed successfully.
Effect of Spinning Process on the Absorption Performance of Wooden Activated Carbon Fiber for Methylene Blue
Authors: Zhang Fan , Ma Xiao Jun
Published: November 2013

In order to improve the adsorption performance of wooden activated carbon fibers (WACFs) and enlarge its application in food safety and fresh, the charcoal dust is used as pore-forming agent, and the absorption performance of WACFs for methylene blue (MB) by changing the liquid-solid rate, charcoal content, synthetics content and hydrochloric acid concentration is studied. The results show that: with the increase of liquid-solid ratio, the absorption capacity of WACFs for MB increases accordingly; with the increase of charcoal content and synthetics content, the absorption capacity both show the tendency of increasing first then reducing after accordingly, with the maximum absorption capacities of 534.61mg·g-1and 527.25mg·g-1respectively reached by 1% charcoal content and 4% synthetic content. When the hydrochloric acid concentration was below 15%, the absorption capacity increases linearly, while reduced when hydrochloric acid concentration was over 15%.
Antimicrobial Effects of Cinnamon and Rhubarb Extracts
Authors: Han Chun Yang , Liu Guang Fa , Li Yang , Huang Qian , Wang Jian Qing
Published: November 2013

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and rhubarb extract (REE) against 5 food-related microorganisms. The major active constituents of CEO were cinnamaldehyde (80.010%) and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (10.550%), and the major active constituents of REE were chrysophanic acid (54.950%) and physcion (13.270%). CEO and REE display strong inhibition against 5 strains. The checkerboard method was used to investigate the synergy antimicrobial potentiality of a combination of CEO and REE by analysis of the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). The FICI was calculated and interpreted as synergy, addition, indifference, or antagonism. The combination showed additive efficacy against all tested microorganisms.
Study of Antibacterial Fresh-Keeping Films Based on LDPE/ Nano-ZnO and LDPE/ Nano-Silver Materials
Authors: Liu Hui , Chuai Cheng Zhi , Li Qiang
Published: November 2013

The modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and antibacterial film of low density polyethylene (LDPE) were made in the presence of nanoZnO or nanosilver materials. The effect of different content and different kind of nanometal materials on the tensile strength, oxygen permeability rate and the antibacterial properties of LDPE fresh-keeping film were studied, especially the effect of fresh-keeping properties on small tomatoes picked.
Synthesis and Property of Water Borne Polyurethane/Modified Nano-ZnO Composites Packaging Membranes
Authors: Li Xin , Li Shu Cai , Huang Li Qiang
Published: November 2013

Water borne polyurethane /modified nano-ZnO composites packaging membranes were synthesized from modified nano-ZnO, polybutyleneadipate glycol (PBA), polycaprolactone (PCL) isophorne diisocyanate (IPDI), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), ethylenediamine(EDA) by self-emulsified method. The phase property, mechanical, antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet properties of the composites packaging membranes influenced by the modified nano-ZnO content were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical testing, and antibacterial testing. And the relative results were analysed.
Effects of Molecular Sieve or 1-Methylcyclopropene Combined with SBS/LDPE Packaging on the Shelf-Life of Cherry Tomatoes
Authors: Jiang Yan Ru , Fu Ya Bo , Li Dong Li , Xu Wen Cai
Published: November 2013

In order to verify the effect of molecular sieve ethylene adsorbent and 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on the shelf life of cherry tomato, two kinds of active packaging were comparatively investigated: molecular sieve sachet and 1-MCP pad with 25% Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene (SBS) modified LDPE packaging film. LDPE was used as control. The quality properties of samples were measured over 54 days at 25±1°C and 70±2% relative humidity. The ethylene concentration in the package atmosphere and other experimental parameters were measured periodically. The experimental results show that molecular sieve is more effective in decreasing ethylene concentration in the package than 1-MCP treatment. The best result was obtained by using SBS modified LDPE film with molecular sieve sachet which could extended the shelf life of cherry tomatoes.