bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meertaligheid en identiteit in de multiculturele samenleving
Authors: Extra Guus
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with multilingualism and identity in the multiculturalsociety, as a consequence of processes of migration and minorizaton. Inthis context, the status and use of immigrant minority languages areconsidered from phenomenological, demographic, and sociolinguisticperspectives.The first section offers phenomenological perspectives on how theselanguages and their speakers hit the headlines, in particular in terms of aconceptual discussion of such notions as nation-state, national and ethnicidentity, ethnicity, citizenship, and integration.The second section goes into the utilization and effects of differentdemographic criteria for the definition and identification of (school)population groups in a multicultural society. Given the decreasing significanceof nationality and birth country criteria, it is argued that thecombined criteria of ethnicity and home language are potentially promisinglong-term alternatives for obtaining basic information on the increasinglymulticultural composition of European nation-states.The third section offers sociolinguistic perspectives on the distributionand vitality of immigrant minority languages across Europe. In thiscontext, the rationale, method, and first outcomes of the MultilingualCities Project, carried out in six major multicultural cities in differentEuropean Union memberstates, are presented. The project is carried outunder the auspices of the European Cultural Foundation, established inAmsterdam, and is coordinated by a research group of Babylon at TilburgUniversity.
Meertaligheid in Brussel
Authors: Delrue Kaat , Verlot Marc
Published: March 2021

This article gives the most important results of the research concerningthe use of languages at home and at school by children of the Dutchprimary schools in Brussels. This research was conducted in the frameworkof a larger European research project, Multilingual Cities, on theinitiative of Prof. Dr. G. Extra (Catholic University of Tilburg). In sixdifferent European cities (The Hague, Madrid, Lyon, Göteborg, Hamburgand Brussels) the same questionnaire was used. The research inBrussels was conducted by the Centre of Intercultural Education (GhentUniversity).Although Brussels is officially a bilingual region, with two linguisticallyseparated school systems, it seems no longer appropriate to takethis official framework as the sole starting point if we want to come togrips with the social and cultural reality. In fact the rationale of the researchproject was to go beyond existing ways of framing the Brusselseducational situation and to find out what is actually going on ‘on thegrounds’, simply by looking what the linguistic background and proficiencyof pupils is.
“Ik ben van Luxembourg”
Authors: Devoldere Luc
Published: March 2021

Beware of rhetoric when the word “Europe” pops up. Europe doesnot exist. Paris and Rome do. Europe is Robespierre and Francis of Assisi,a Jesuit college and the First World War. If Europe means anything,it is bound to be this juxtaposition of particular things, idiosyncraticcodes and traditions. And languages. Indeed, how does one keep one’sfooting in the European Babel? Latin and French have had their momentum.Today English rules. Let's be clear about the issue: English isnecessary, but will never be sufficient. We are doomed to accept pluriformityof idioms, linguistic confusion and their benefits. We are condemnedto live by our own language when it really comes to the crunch.
Strategieën van subjectiviteit in het proza van Friederike Mayröcker
Authors: Marteel Inge
Published: March 2021

Das Prosabuch mein Herz mein Zimmer mein Name (1988) der österreichischenAutorin Friederike Mayröcker (°1924) ist als ein 337 Seitenlanger Texeblock konzipiert, der aus einem einzigen, nur durch Kommataunterteilten Satz besteht. Dieser ausufernde Satz erzählt keine linear voranschreitendeGeschichte, ist aber durchgehend von Wiederholungen unddiskontinuierlichen Verschiebungen geprägt. Im Zentrum meiner Lektüresteht die Wiederholung als textgenerierendes Prinzip, sowie deren Einflussauf die Subjektivität der Textfiguren und auf die Rezeption des Textes. DieWiederholung verliert in diesem Buch ihre aufklärerisch-epistemologischeFunktion und führt zu "Sinnentleerung". Eben diese Sinnentleerungerscheint als Quelle von Kraft und Stärke. Von ausgewählten Zitaten ausgehend,werden Ubereinkünfte mit der repetitiven Struktur des (zeitgenössischen)Tanzes und mie der tanzenden Flugbewegung beseimmeer Insektenaufgewiesen.
Dubbel meervoud -(e)n / -s
Authors: Theissen Siegfried
Published: March 2021

The Grote Van Dale and the Algemene Nederlandse Spraakkunst includehundreds of nouns whose plural can be formed with -(e)n or/and -s without anydifference in meaning. Thanks to the two large electronic corpuses (for Flanders,the weekly magazine Knack, 1991-2000, and for the Netherlands, the dailynewspaper NRC-Handelsblad, 1993-1994) which include over 60 millionswords, the autor has determined which plural was more frequent for some 150common nouns. The study brings out differences between north and southalchough it appears that the magazine Knack has increasingly been usingstandards from the Netherlands over the past few years. A comparison withthe historical Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal shows an evolution towardsplural forms in -s, a trend which is more marked in the south than in thenorth. We can also notice that while GVD and ANS still mention the twoplurals for a number of nouns, in most cases, at least in a written text, as a matterof fact they have only kept one of the two forms, either with -s or with -n.
De prosodie van het Frans en van het Nederlands
Authors: Rasier Laurent
Published: March 2021

Since the early 70's quite a lot of attention has been paid to the forms andfunctions of prosody in discourse. This paper first reviews some key issuesregarding the phonetic, phonological and functional aspects of the suprasegmentalfeatures of speech. It then gives an overview of the prosody of Frenchand Dutch. Although more research is needed, this contrastive analysis provides abetter understanding of the prosodic structure of the two languages.
De Arabieren en hun aandeel in de vernieling en wedergeboorte van de Bibliotheek van Alexandrië
Authors: De Smet Daniel
Published: March 2021

Selon une légende très répandue en Occident depuis l'édition de la Chroniquearabe de Barhébrée par Pococke en 1663, Ie conquérant arabe de l'Égypte,'Amr b. al-'As, aurait fait brûler en 641 la prestigieuse Bibliothèqued'Alexandrie sur ordre du calife 'Umar, ce qui marquerait la fin abrupte de laculture antique. Si d'innombrables historiens et polémistes ont ainsi tenu Iefanatisme musulman pour responsable de la destruction du patrimoinephilosophique et scientifique de l'Antiquité, d'autres ont voulu absoudre lesArabes de ce méfait, en mettant en lumière la date tardive à laquelle apparaîtce récit. En effet, il ne surgit qu'au début du XIIIe siècle, chez 'Abd al-Latifal-Bagdadi et lbn al-Qifti, qui dépendent probablement d'une source communenon encore identifiée. Aussi, nous défendons la thèse que la légende estissue d'un milieu chiite pro-fatimide et fait allusion au pillage de la bibliothèquedu Palais fatimide au Caire, sous l'ordre de Saladin en 1171. En outre,son auteur ismaélien a pu se baser sur la version arabe des Historiae AdversusPaganos d'Orose, qui avait alors cours en Egypte. Si les Arabes n' ont rien àvoir avec la fin de la Bibliotheca Alexandrina, ils ont joué un rôle primordialdans le projet de la reconstruction de cette Bibliothèque, qui fut officiellementinaugurée en 2002.
'From Asia with Love'
Authors: De Temmerman Koen
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with the highly debated question of the meaning of theancient Greek novel in its contemporary society. In research of the past decades,two main approaches have been used to tackle this issue but they both leadto a deadlock. That is why this paper proposes a literary-theoretical approachto the problem. Based on the notion - formulated in modern literary theory- that literature can be regarded as a form of cognition, it argues that andclarifies the ways in which the ancient Greek novel probably had a specificmeaning and function in the first centuries A.D.
Socrates van Constantinopel en de antieke christelijke geschiedenisfilosofie
Authors: Van Nuffelen Peter
Published: March 2021

Traditionally the following main characteristics are attributed to ancientchristian philosophy of history. (1) History constitutes a whole extendingfrom creation to the second coming of Christ, which implies that time andhistory are more or less identical. (2) History evolves in a direct line fromcreation or incarnation to the second coming of Christ. Every event is tobe seen in this perspeccive. As a consequence, the goal of history is identicalto its meaning. This paper argues that although many ancient theologiansand historians may have accepted these ideas, Socrates of Constantinople(fifth century) cannot be entirely foced into this model. He sees historyevolving from a period of peace (in 324) to a new one that announces itselfin the middle of the fifth century, passing through more than a century ofwar and strife. During these periods of peace, nothing happens and no historycan be written. This implies that for Socrates, time and history are notidentical. The historian also does not limit the meaning of the events tothe way they carry us closer to the Parousia. Using the Bible as an interpretativetool, he tries to extract a moral and spiritual meaning from them.Socrates' opinions, as reconstructed here, can be used to add nuances tothe traditional view.
Hoe het graafschap Loon Luiks werd (tiende - veertiende eeuw)
Authors: Baerten Jean
Published: March 2021

Par cette brève note, dont on trouvera la version française dans Archives etBibliothèques de Belgique, j'ai voulu répondre à de jeunes collègues qui ont crubon d'attaquer certains de mes points de vue sur l'hiscoire du comté de Looz.Du point de vue méthodologique les deux cas sont similaires: chacun dansson domaine, ni l'un ni l'autre n'ont tenu compte de certaines sources diplomatiquesou littéraires incontestables et incontournables si l' on veut comprendre,d'une part, la formation territoriale de ce petit comté situé entre leduché de Brabant et la principauté de Liège, et, d'autre part, la naissance dulien vassalique qui le lie à cette dernière, depuis sa naissance au début du XIesiècle, ainsi que les circonstances qui ont entraîné son annexion par elle en1366. Quand toutes les sources dignes d'être utilisées ne le sont pas, elles fontplace à l'a priori et aux idées préconçues. Il est de mon devoir de signaler ceserrements tant en matière de géographie historique que d'histoire politique.
Klungelen en knutselen met dood materiaal
Authors: T'Sjoen Yves
Published: March 2021

In the past different publishing houses in Flanders presented their series ofclassics of Flemish literature. These series were never completed mostly dueto financial (or editorial) problems. Today there exist new series of classical orwould-be classical works. In this article we discuss the quality of the currenteditions of Flemish literature presented in series in the twentieth century.Case-studies, based on comparative investigation of (non)authorised texts,will show how these series are constituted. At the same time this article containsa vademecum for new series based on scholarly examination of texts.
Overgeneralisatie als proces bij de secundaire verwerving van een dialect
Authors: Rys Kathy
Published: March 2021

This paper reports on research into the acquisition of the Maldegemdialect as a second language by children who were raised in Standard Dutch.It focuses on the intersystemic correspondence between phonological elementsof the first and second language as one of the factors that influencesthe process of acquisition. Attention is also paid to the processes that shapean interlanguage, especially to the process of overgeneralization. With respectto this process three hypotheses are formulated. These hypotheses are testedagainst the results of an analysis of spoken data.
Οξυ το παθοζ
Authors: De Wilde Mark
Published: March 2021

The exact circumstances surrounding the death of Cleopatra VII cannotreliably be recovered from Plutarch's seemingly detailed description of it atthe end of his Vita Antonii. While displaying an otherwise exemplary narrativeskill, the (perhaps unsolvable) question remains to what extent the biographerintentionally depicts the queen as a human being, especially when comparedwith the parallel account by Cassius Dio. Indeed, the last descendant of thePtolemies is undeniably endowed with 'tragic' qualities, indications of whichcan be discerned from lexical instances, as well as from elements of theAristotelian tragedy. This contribution therefore tries to conduct a small-scaleanalysis in the same vein as other more comprehensive literary studies on the'tragic dimension' of Plutarch's Vitae (viz. Crassus, Alexander) attaching ameaningful significance to this aspect, in particular when compared to otherLives (viz. Caesar) where it is rather unexpectedly missing.
De "wiskundeschool" van de Vlaamse jezuïeten in de eerste helft van de zeventiende eeuw
Authors: De Bruycker Angelo
Published: March 2021

In 1980 Father Omer Van de Vyver drew attention to the existence of aJesuit "school of mathematics" in the Flemish province of the Jesuit order. Inrecent years historians of science have constructed a more refined picture ofJesuit science and Jesuit scientific teaching in the different colleges scatteredaround Europe. A reappraisal of the specific conditions and underlyingmotives of the inauguration of the mathematics course in the Flemish provinceshows that this course cannot be reduced to a mere copy of Clavius's Academyin Rome. Nor can the course be considered to be a straightforward implementationof the Ratio Studiorum. The foundation and organisation of the Flemishcourse of mathematics rather responded to characteristic contextual impulses.
Welk Nederlands of wat voor Nederlands voor Franstalige studenten?
Authors: Theissen Siegfried
Published: March 2021

In Flemish universities, as indeed in Flemish higher education in general,the issue of which (if any) standard should be used in the teaching of theDutch language is increasingly pregnant. Should standard Dutch be taught,or should Flemish varieties be taken into account? The question is also raisedin the Dutch departments of Belgian French-speaking universities. The presentsurvey brings out the great diversity that prevails in this respect, from themost tolerant - or lax? - position to be found in Namur, to the firm standtaken at the University of Liège.
Een databank van antieke boeken
Authors: Clarysse Willy
Published: March 2021

The Leuven Database of Ancient Books (LDAB) contains metadata on allGreek and Latin literary works which are partly or fully preserved in manuscriptsdating between 400 BC and AD 800. For each of the 10.500 texts theuser can find where it is now preserved, where it is published, where it waswritten and found, when it was written, etc. This information can be presentedin graphs and pies, allowing us to study the reception of ancient literaturein time and place, the change from papyrus to parchment and from rollto codex, or that from classical to pagan literature. In the next step also literaturein other languages (Egyptian, Coptic, Syriac, Hebrew) is being includedin order to obtain a full view of what remains of the literary production ina multicultural ancient world.
Dorsalen als indicatoren voor het archiefbewustzijn in drie cisterciënzerinnenkloosters
Authors: De Paermentier Els
Published: March 2021

Dorsal notes originated from the practical need to manage the growing collectionof charters inside an institution. Medieval dorsal notes not only occurdisordered and unorganised, they sometimes even correct or complete eachother. However, the historical value of these 'scribbles' may not be underestimated,as they provide additional information concerning medieval archivalmanagement. This paper focuses on the charter collection of three Cistercianfemale communities in the county of Flanders, all founded in the thirteenthcentury: the Bijloke at Gent, and the communities of Flines near Orchies andMarquette near Rijsel.
'Papieren' voor de toekomst
Authors: Janssens Gustaaf
Published: March 2021

A purely cultural perception of records and archives is one-sided andincomplete. Records and archival documents are necessary to confirm therights and the obligations of both the government and the citizens. "Therecords are crucial to hold us accountable", says archbishop D. Tutu, formerpresident of the South African 'Truth and Reconciliation Commission'. Forthis reason, the government should organize the archives in such a way thatarchival services can fulfil their task as guardians of society's memorie.Citizens' rights and archives have a close relationship.
De informatiedrager als informant
Authors: Kruyt Truus
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the advantages of encoded digital text over printed text,from a researcher's perspective. The traditional notion of text corpus as a well-consideredcollection of texts is related to the huge amounts of digital textsthat are currently available on the web. After examples of useful digitalizationinitiatives and available digital resources, information is given about the usersand uses of the text corpora stored at the lnstitute for Dutch Lexicology.Attention is paid to some obstacles in building or using text collections. Theconclusion is that up till now the digital medium primarily facilitates researchrather than evokes new linguistic research questions.
Graffiti, stempels en tituli picti op amforen
Authors: Monsieur Patrick
Published: March 2021

In Roman times there was a massive import of olive-oil from Baetica (actualAndalusia) to feed the army at the Limes in Rhineland and Scotland. ThisMediterranean product was transported in large amphorae of the Dressel 20type that bear different types of epigraphy: graffiti, stamps en tituli picti (paintedinscriptions). The Low Countries forming the Hinterland took part inthis commerce, hence the discovery of large amounts of amphora fragments,still bearing regularly epigraphy. This written heritage is not only ill-knownand neglected in the Benelux, but also threatened because of the bad conditionsin which they are collected and stored. The information provided bythese epigraphical sources is of uppermost importance to the knowledge ofthe ancient economy in the Empire, as well in the south as in the north andrepresents an important witness of romanisation. They shed light on the productionof the amphorae and the olive-oil in Baetica, and on its commercialisationto the northern fringes of the Empire, giving at the same time thenames of all the people involved in these activities.
Honderd boeken uit 1621 in de Short Title Catalogus Vlaanderen
Authors: Van Impe Steven
Published: March 2021

The Short Title Catalogus Vlaanderen (STC Flanders, www.stcv.be) is a toolfor book historical research, offering a representative sample of the output ofthe printing press in the 17th century. To show the broad scope of this production,this article presents the example of 100 books printed in 1621. Afteran overview of subject matters (current events, theology, literature, history,state publications and law), printing is studied as an economic activity.Different categories of printers can be distinguished: a select group of entrepreneursspecialise in massive theological undertakings (Moretus, Nutius,Bellerus) while another, larger group has a more diverse output. Typographyis presented as a way to investigate reading habits. Many questions remain,but the STCV database presents a first big step towards answers.
De illusie van het kunstwerk als Pygmalion-effect in de esthetica van de achttiende eeuw
Authors: Kremer Nathalie
Published: March 2021

Cet article a pour but d'introduire le lecteur à quelques aspects fondamentauxde la théorie esthétique du XVIIIe siècle en France en prenant pour point dedépart l'engouement que connaît le mythe de Pygmalion à cette période.Après avoir distillé quelques notions clés de l'esthétique classique en partantde l'analyse du texte d'Ovide, cette étude s'attache à examiner plus particulièrementla question de l'illusion de l'art. Au XVIIIe siècle, celle-ci est comprisecomme une approche consciente de l'oeuvre d'art comme mimèsis. En effet,le plaisir de l'expérience esthétique repose sur l'effet d'expression de l'oeuvreet non pas sur l'illusion qu'elle fait aux sens du spectateur. Autrement dit, l'artn'est pas un trompe-l'oeil mais une prouesse technique que les règles de l' artsont impuissantes à saisir.
Goede boeren, slechte mensen?
Authors: Moors Hilde
Published: March 2021

This contribution presents an analysis of the novel Stiefmoeder Aarde by theDutch author Theun de Vries. The values in this novel or its potential tendentiousnessare laid bare by way of several narratological techniques, centeringaround the concepts of polysemy and genre, and by focussing on theopening pages of the novel. The first paragraphs of Stiefmoeder Aarde areshown to present the norms of the stereotypical farmer, characteristic ofregional novels, and of a capitalist perspective. However, a subtle ambiguitybrought about by narrative style makes it unsure whether the norms in thispassage are put forward by the farmer, Wychman, or by the narrating authority.This narratorial vagueness combines with the genre in which the text isrendered to leave the reader with the impression that the farmer's perspectivemay be condoned or even promulgated by the narrator. This initial tolerancefor the capitalist farmer's perspective serves to set off in full force the socialistpoint of view in the rest of the novel.
Vlamingen en hun (tussen)taal
Authors: Impe Leen , Speelman Dirk
Published: March 2021

In this mixed guise study, a group of West-Flemish and Limburgish youngadults were asked to judge four audio recordings, one of which was spoken inthe standard variety and three of which were spoken in various regional colloquialvarieties (namely Brabantish, West-Flemish and Limburgish). Bymeans of a principal component analysis, we identified three dimensionsunderlying the different attitudes towards the linguistic varieties mentionedabove (viz. a status-dimension, a social attractiveness-dimension and a personalintegrity-dimension) instead of the classic dichotomy status versus solidarity.Furthermore, the variables "region" and "sex" were found to trigger significantattitudinal differences.
Tituli picti en Monte Testaccio
Authors: Broekaert Wim
Published: March 2021

Roman maritime commerce and especially the food supply of Rome havelong been studied from a merely juridical point of view, ignoring the actualpersons involved in the commercial organisation, e.g. navicularii and negotiatores.As very few of these merchants are known from Roman epigraphy,one has to depend on research results from underwater archaeology andamphorae studies. Of particular interest are the tituli picti on Dressel 20, oilamphorae from southern Spain. They introduce to us various families of oilmerchants, whose commercial networks stretched from Baetica over GalliaNarbonensis to Ostia and Rome.
Waarom de mythe geen antwoorden geeft
Authors: Sels Nadia
Published: March 2021

When Marcel Detienne in l'Invention de la mythology (1981) convincinglyargued that the concept of myth is no more than a modern semantic construction,to which no real genre corresponds, he dealt the fatal blow to thealready languishing structuralistic myth research. Since then, the mythologicalfield of study has not recovered; it seems nor to have been able to adapt tothe paradigmatic shift to poststructuralism. Yet, the work of the philosopherand philologist Hans Blumenberg might provide us with such a poststructuralistalternative. In Work on myth (1979) he develops a new and non-essentialistapproach to myth. By means of the limit concept "absolutism of reality"he presents myth not as a product, buc as a process. This article aims tointroduce Blumenbergs thinking, to situate him in the recent impasse of mythresearch and to demonstrate how his alternative methodology allows a wayout of it.
Feministisch christendom in Vlaanderen 1979-1990
Authors: Latré Bart
Published: March 2021

Influenced by feminist theology, feminist christians in Flanders aimed at a'feminisation' of christian religion. Compared with the 'feminisation' of religionin the nineteenth century, there are differences as well as similarities incontent. Nevertheless, the context in which the gender construction of feministchristians is placed, has changed radically. In the nineteenth century,women were still associated with the private sphere, while in the 1960s and1970s, the 'second feminist wave' refused the connection of male and publicon the one hand, and women and private on the other hand. Consequently,the 'feminisation' of christian religion of feminist christians was also appliedto more 'public' aspects of christian faith, such as theology, church governmentand church history. It's also remarkable that the way of believing of feministchristians was clearly influenced by the dechristianised society in whichthey lived. Consequently, the phenomenon of feminist christians doesn't contradictCalum Browns thesis that women, rejecting christian discourse as acornerstone of their identity, caused dechristianisation in the 1960s.
Fonologische deletie in ja-neevraagfragmenten
Authors: De Clercq Karen
Published: March 2021

A yes/no question fragment (YNQF) is an incomplete sentence that isnonetheless interpreted as a full yes/no question. I argue that those YNQF'sare derived from an underlying syntactic structure through a process of deletion.First, I shall adduce evidence for the claim that ellipsis is involved bylooking at connectivity effects (Merchant 2004), such as case-matching, bindingand control. Next, I will consider the nature of the process of deletion inthese fragments. I claim that the deletion in question is phonological innature. Evidence comes from cases of nonconstituent deletion and contrastsbetween Dutch and English YNQFs.
Magis rythmus quam metron
Authors: Danckaert Lieven
Published: March 2021

In this contribution I analyze the metrical structure of Seneca's anapaests.After a brief introduction, I first develop a theoretical framework, with specialattention to the boundaries of metrical periods. In the next sections, Ichallenge the common practice of subdividing long anapaestic passages intosocalled anapaestic dimeters. I propose a new analysis in which such a subdivisionis not made, yielding a structure that formally resembles the πνιγη ofclassical Greek comedy.
De Harmonie der Sferen en het ontstaan van de muzikale modi
Authors: Strauven Peter , Van Reeth Jan M.F.
Published: March 2021

The system of the eight modi for liturgical music has its roots in oldMesopotamian cosmology and Neo-Platonism, applied to the Biblical imaginaryof Genesis. Thus the eight modi symbolised the seven planetary spheresof the cosmos and the corresponding degrees of paradise, indicating theitinerary by which the human soul is to attain its eternal, glorified destiny. Inthis contribution, we try to demonstrate that the eight modi originally wereonly a speculative theory, developed by Syrian Hellenistic philosophers andtheologians, not by musicians. Only after completing a theoretical form,musicians were endeavoured to provide compositions according to the systemof modality and to mould older compositions into the newly developedsystem. This process, resulting in different forms of modality, was achievedindependently in Syria, the Byzantine world, and also in the West. Latintheoreticians e.g., although having only a partial knowledge of the originaldoctrine composed and adapted their chants to such a theoretical system.
Grieks (aan)leren in de Oudheid
Authors: Van Elst Valerie
Published: March 2021

The desert of Egypt has brought to light a number of grammatical exerciseswritten on papyrus, which originally circulated in the classroom of the γραμματικός or ancient teacher of Greek grammar. As "direct" sources, theseschool papyri provide us - more than the indirectly transmitted literarysource material - with specific information about daily school practice, aboutthe didactic methods used by teachers and students, and about the contentand purpose of grammatical instruction in Greek antiquity. Moreover, giventheir varied character, they can be subdivided into several types: a series offragmentary preserved grammatical manuals; a set of morphological paradigmsof the verb, the noun, and the pronoun; 2 lists with a phonetic classificationof the letters of the alphabet; a couple of exercises with an elementaryform of syntax; and the inflection of a whole sentence. The present paperseeks to discuss a selection of school texts out of this direct and varied papyrologicalsource material in order to give the reader a short introduction toancient grammatical instruction.
Van Flamenpolitik naar Niederlandepolitik
Authors: Yammine Bruno
Published: March 2021

Dans cet article la genèse de la Flamenpolitik pendant la Première GuerreMondiale est réinterprétée. Jusqu'à l'heure actuelle les historiens n'ont jamaisexpliqué d'une façon convaincante la causalité de cette politique. Or, pourquoiles allemands ont-ils entamé cette Flamenpolitik? La réponse que l'onpropose est formulée par l'examen de l'évolution de l'Etat prusso-allemand àpartir de 1740 et par l'observation du développement du nationalisme et del'expansionnisme de l'Allemagne (et de la Prusse) par rapport aux Pays-Bas.La Flamenpolitik correspond d'une part à une tendance politico-économiqueallemande de la longue durée et elle est, d' autre part, le résultat du contextedans lequel les buts allemands pendant la guerre se sont dévoilés.
Nieuwe literaire stilistiek en de lectuur van Ivo Michiels’ experimentele proza
Authors: Bernaerts Lars
Published: March 2021

This article reflects upon the ways in which recent stylistics can improve the understanding ofexperimental fiction. After a quick survey of linguistic approaches in literary theory and ofDutch literary stylistics, I will focus on two directions in recent stylistics, literary pragmaticsand cognitive stylistics, and illustrate their potential value for the interpretation ofexperimental narratives. More specifically, I will briefly demonstrate these approaches in areading of Ivo Michiels’s Book alpha (1963) and Orchis militaris (1968).
Sermo multorum auditus offendens?
Authors: Van Acker Marieke
Published: March 2021

L’écrit de l’époque précarolingienne traîne derrière lui la réputation d’être rédigé en unelangue qui est à la fois savante et de mauvaise qualité : les auteurs méprisaient la langueparlée mais bafouaient la grammaire latine. Nous proposons une interprétation plusnuancée, en tenant compte notamment de l’impact de l’idéologie sur la langue et derapports complexes et fluctuants entre langue parlée et langue écrite. Nous illustreronscette approche par une confrontation détaillée de quelques fragments d’unehagiographie anonyme du VIIIe siècle – la Vita Goaris – et sa réécriture carolingiennepar Wandalbert de Prüm au IXe siècle.
“De ‘neuklassische’ tragedie als moreel exempel voor een nieuwe maatschappij”
Authors: Ghyselinck Zoë
Published: March 2021

Dieser Beitrag beabsichtigt, die Begriffe des “Tragischen” und der “Tragödie”, wie sievon dem neuklassischen Dichter Paul Ernst (1866-1933) aufgefasst werden, anhandseiner theoretischen Schriften und seiner ersten Tragödie ‘Demetrios’ zu erörtern.Beleuchtet wird die Spannung zwischen der klassischen und als zeitlos konzipiertenForm und der gesellschaftlichen also zeitbedingten und exemplarischen Funktionseiner Tragödie vor dem Hintergrund seiner Gesellschaftskritik. Weiterhin soll dieRolle, die Ernsts Antikenrezeption vor diesem Hintergrund spielt, näher bestimmt werden.
De Roman als Schilderij
Authors: Keersmaekers Flora
Published: March 2021

In this article I examine the literary views of the Russian-American author VladimirNabokov (1899-1977) using the work of the Swiss critic Jean Rousset (1910-2002).Rousset’s Forme et Signification (1963) displays a combination of phenomenological literarycriticism with structuralist interests. It will be shown that his thoughts and methodtherefore provide a valuable context to understand Nabokov’s views on writers, readersand literary communication.
“Papa, hoe was ’t vandaag bij u op ’t werk?”
Authors: Moernaut Renée
Published: March 2021

The dialects in Flanders are quickly losing ground while the standard language and, especially,the so-called ‘tussentaal’ are spreading rapidly. The language choices parentsmake every day, influence very strongly the future language and dialect situation in Flanders.In a study concerning the spontaneous language in four Flemish families, we haveattempted to line out the accommodation and the language attitudes of the parents and thechildren. The fathers and the mothers adapt their language and dialect use in a totally differentway according to the person they are speaking to: a younger or an older child, a boyor a girl. This remarkably differentiated attitude probably has some influence on the languageof the children. Anyhow, we can distinguish different reactions and language patternsamong the children, in the various family conversations.
Het meest complete mafke
Authors: De Cleene Arnout
Published: March 2021

This article deals with the Flemish cult-writer J.M.H. Berckmans (1953-2008). In contrastto the existing attention for the marginal existence of the author or the influence of jazz-musicon his writing, my analysis will focus on the author’s articulation of the theme ofmadness. Relying on methodological insights of discourse analysis, and the theory of posturelittéraire in particular, i.e. the way in which the author himself creates an image of thewriting subject J.M.H. Berckmans through the use of interviews in popular magazines likeHumo and through his (auto)fictional oeuvre, brings to the fore a complex functioning ofmadness. I will argue that next to granting the author authority and credibility to writeabout madness as he emphasizes his own madness, madness also serves as the polar oppositeof the lucidity of the writing process itself and the reading strategy the author suggests.Berckmans uses the popular image of the manic-depressive and the schizophrenic tostrengthen this trichotomy while employing the discursive possibilities of interviews andfiction. In addition, Berckmans creates a profile of his reading public as a ‘dumb’ audienceand emphasizes underestimation as an essential part of his literary posture.
De representatie van het verleden
Authors: Pardon Sarah
Published: March 2021

In this article I want to analyse how Charlotte Smith’s novel Desmond (1792) mediates historicaldistance, i.e. how the novel engages with the past and how this engagement effectsa particular historical experience of the represented event. Smith's novel gives rise to anideological tension due to its confirmation of domestic tyranny, on the one hand, and itsstrong political support of the ideals of the French Revolution, on the other hand. I relatethis tension to the ways in which the novel constructs historical distance. Methodologically,I rely on the theoretical reflections on historical distance by the Canadian historianMark Salber Phillips. According to Phillips, historical distance is a rhetorical effect thatcan be studied from the text’s formal organization, its affective tone, and its ideologicalprogramme. This leads to a conceptual understanding of how a text represents a particularhistorical event.
Een kritische kijk op krantendiscours over Kenia’s crisis
Authors: Coesemans Roel
Published: March 2021

A comparison between Belgian and Kenyan newspaper reports about the postelection crisisin Kenya shows that the same news events are reported from different frames of meaning.This is partly due to differing worldviews on which the news discourse is based, andthe various perspectives from which the events are interpreted, resulting in differentimplicit meanings. These can be studied to evaluate the quality of the reporting. The Kenyanpress focuses on the socio-political aspects of the conflicts involved, while the Belgiannewspaper coverage emphasizes the ethnic aspect. Both can be criticized. However, bycombining the interpretive analyses of newspaper language use with contextual explanationsderived from ethnographic information, such as interviews or editorial guidelines, abetter and more nuanced understanding of both national and international newspaper coveragecan be reached.
Verleiding voor dovemansoren
Authors: Verhelst Berenice
Published: March 2021

The episode in Beirut (books 41-43) does not play a central part in the long epic poem ofthe Dionysiaka, but it is notable because of its unexpected content and the peculiar contrastbetween its structural importance and its effect of being a mere narrative detour. Inthis article, a discussion of the Beirut episode as a whole is followed by a detailed analysisof the central book of this episode, containing a series of monologues of Dionysos,attempting to seduce Beroe (the nymph of Beirut). My analysis of book 42 focusses onthe monologues of Dionysos and the reactions of Beroe. Special attention is paid to elementsof genre and meta-literality, two central notions of my current PhD-research on theDionysiaka.
De Akte van Afstand als pacificatiestrategie tijdens de Nederlandse Opstand (1597-1600)
Authors: De Ridder Bram
Published: March 2021

The Act of Cession of 1598 is generally considered as a Habsburg failure, for it did notsucceed in the pacification and reunification of the Low Countries. By looking into thenegotiations surrounding the cession, and more specifically the arguments used to acceptor denounce the change of power from the Spanish King to the Archdukes, this articletries to uncover the reasons for its lack of success. Whilst the loyal provinces benefittedfrom extended cooperation with the dynasty, the United Provinces were not prepared torejoin Habsburg rule. This divide followed out of the growing state formation in bothparts of the Low Countries, which entailed uncomplimentary concepts of statehood.
De beeldcultuur en het stedelijke briefverkeer in de late middeleeuwen
Authors: Lowagie Hannes
Published: March 2021

By interpreting the handing over of a letter as a small ritual imbued with a whole rangeof (symbolic) signs, this article wants to examine the role of urban correspondence in thecreation of political networks. First, the messenger was dressed in the colours of the cityadorned with a silver badge. Second, the letter itself bore a seal illustrated with importantelements of urbanity. Finally, the layout of late medieval letters revealed a great dealabout the internal relationship between sender and addressee. By using this formalaspects, medieval cities created a hierarchic urban network.
Verleden en macht in Vondels Gijsbreght van Aemstel
Authors: Keirsbilck Mike
Published: March 2021

The Amsterdam Schouwburg festively opened in January 1638 with the performance ofVondel’s Gijsbreght van Aemstel. The play was situated in medieval Amsterdam, butaddressed nonetheless the seventeenth-century audience explicitly. In Gijsbreght vanAemstel political and moral instructions that related to the Amsterdam of Vondel’s agewere given. To approach these political and moral instructions, I will make use of MichelFoucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’. Foucault’s theoretical concept deals with theconstruction of power structures. Governmentality allows me to place Vondel’s text in acontemporary debate about how the state should be ordered, and in this way opens up aninterpretation of the instructions of the play accordingly. I will argue that the play condemned violentstruggles, and that the text presented an opposing stand on how the stateshould be ordered.To indicate how the play voiced an opinion about contemporary political debates, Iwill confront Gijsbreght van Aemstel with Hugo de Groots De Republica Enendanda.This early tract, by one of the most important scholars of the Dutch Republic, also playeda part in Vondel’s play. This way Vondel's text can be read as an exploration of politicalideas in a literary practice, in which the character of Gijsbreght van Aemstel is presentedas an ideal.
“Oe moe ’k da zeggen?”
Authors: Van Lancker Inge
Published: March 2021

Since the 1950s and especially since the early 1990s, tussentaal is a “hot item” amongstFlemish linguists. Nevertheless, its descriptions and explanations are still rather thin onthe ground. Existing data on non- or sub-standard spoken Dutch in Flanders are too scarcefor linguists to answer important questions about tussentaal's conceptualization and variation.This paperis a modest attempt to broaden the existing data set through analyzingthe informal speech of seven children in the youth movement. This survey pointed outthat for these children, tussentaal is normative in informal situations, but that even if thechildren know other varieties of Dutch, they hardly ever switch neatly from one toanother. This suggests that they do not conceptualize tussentaal as a separate variety ofDutch, but as a set of variants that can be used separately depending on the expression ofcertain meanings and relevant pragmatic values.
Collocaties leren in een vreemde taal
Authors: Peters Elke
Published: March 2021

Foreign-language (FL) learners are faced with the challenge of acquiring a large vocabulary.Research has shown that the acquisition of formulaic sequences (FS) and collocationsis one of the biggest lexical challenges for foreign language learners. Researchersand teachers alike acknowledge the importance of learning FS in the FL classroombecause FS serve a number of communicative functions; they are ubiquitous in language;they allow more fluency in language output and their use makes FL learners come acrossas more proficient (Barfield and Gyllstad 2009; Boers et al. 2006; Schmitt 2008: 340).This paper reports on three studies that explore the effect of different pedagogic interventionson the acquisition of formulaic sequences and collocations. The pedagogic implicationsof the research findings are discussed in detail.
Met Callicles tegen Callicles
Authors: Demulder Bram
Published: March 2021

Damascius (c. 462 — after 538 CE), the last head of the Platonic Academy, is often consideredto be solely an abstruse metaphysician. This contribution corrects this distortedpicture by turning to the fragments of his Life of Isidore, a work which has hitherto rarelybeen studied in its own right, viz. as a philosophical text. In the Life of Isidore we find anaccessible and largely ethical philosophy. More specifically, I focus on political virtueand the role of the philosopher in society. The discussion of the textual material, mainlyinvolving the value of good deeds and frank criticism, leads us to consider significant andsurprising parallels with the Callicles episode of Plato’s Gorgias.
Icarusarbeid
Authors: Velle Matthias
Published: March 2021

The oeuvre of the Flemish postmodernist Peter Verhelst readsas a continuous ‘Arbeit amMythos' (Hans Blumenberg): in his poems, prose and plays Verhelst rewrites the samemythological stories over and over again with small variations. Particularly references tothe myth of Icarus are a connecting thread throughout the work of Verhelst. In this article,the myriad references to Icarus in Palate (1996), Verhelst’s seventh collection of poems,will be analysed. I will argue that those references are of crucial importance to understandand interpret the plot, the worldview, the view on language and the poetics of Palate. Theanalysis forms a part of my PhD-research on myth, tragedy and the tragic in the work ofPeter Verhelst (1987-2012).
De vrede verzilverd?
Authors: Masschelein Elisa , Soen Violet
Published: March 2021

After troublesome negotiations, on 12 February 1577 an 'Eternal Edict’ was signed inMarche-en-Famenne, in order to end the struggle between the rebelling States-General inthe Low Countries, and the newly arrived Habsburg governor-general of these regions, Don,Juan de Austria, half-brother to King Philip II. Afterwards, Don Juan travelled to the universitycity of Leuven. Historiography hardly ever deals with this peace treaty, and evenless with its implementation, as the treaty ended less than seven months later when DonJuan occupied the citadel of Namur. This contribution, however, warns for a too teleologicalinterpretation of the failure of the Eternal Edict. It analyzes the sparked pacification processon three levels: first, the mise-en-place by the Habsburg councilors, second, the mise-en-scène by the city of Leuven, and third, the mise-en-intrigue by the citizens and opponentsin the Low Countries. This threefold analysis will show that peacemaking in earlymodern Europe consisted of a complex interplay between words, deeds, and performances.
“KN/orca heeft de Varsity gewonnen!”
Authors: Schouwenburg Hans
Published: March 2021

This article introduces a new source - student graffiti - to university historians who wantto reconstruct the cultural history of student life. It shows how students at Utrecht Universityused graffiti to construct identities for themselves and their peers. These playfulgraffiti games have two important characteristics: (1) Graffiti do not simply describe theworld; rather they actively shape reality by constructing hierarchies among groups andborders between groups. (2) Graffiti are materialsemiotic writing practices, in whichmeaning is communicated through texts, images and symbols, as well as through writingmaterials, colours and the physical surface on which the texts or drawings are scribbled.University historians who want to use student graffiti should take these performative andmaterial aspects into account.
Een plaats in de bijkeuken
Authors: Dera Jeroen
Published: March 2021

This article examines the literary features of the Catholic radio broadcaster KRO between1928 and 1940. The KRO's literary program is considered to be a remarkable case inDutch broadcasting history ,for it included both an official feature on literature and a so-called'women's hour’, that frequently aired lectures on novels and poetry as well. Bycritically comparing the two features, the article argues that the gender-based stratificationof the Dutch literary field in the interwar period also affected the practices of literarycriticism.
De dynamiek van het jonge Nederlands
Authors: De Decker Benny
Published: March 2021

It has been hypothesized that the inherently variable and heterogeneous Flemish tussentaal,the supralocal colloquial variety of Dutch, is subject to a (sub)standardizationprocess (Taeldeman 2008). This paper reports on the use of twelve supposedly pan-Flemishsubstandard features by Flemish teenagers in a large corpus of informal chat conversations(more than two million words), in which both the central Brabantic area and theeastern and western peripheral provinces are represented. It investigates the extent towhich the data corroborate this homogenization hypothesis. From a methodological pointof view, it intends to check whether research on written chat data offers a valid alternativefor variational linguistic research on spoken language.
Contrasterende (standaard)taalideologieën bij Vlaamse leerkrachten
Authors: Delarue Steven
Published: March 2021

Flanders, the northern, Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, is facing a growing intra- andinterlingual diversity. On the intralingual level, tussentaal ('in-between-language’)emerged as a cluster of intermediate varieties between the Flemish dialects and StandardDutch, gradually becoming the colloquial language. At the same time, Flemish language-in-education policy strongly propagates Standard Dutch as the only acceptable language(variety) in the classroom, demonstrating the vigour of standard language ideology (SLI)in Flanders. This paper analyses the distinct ways in which teachers try to make sense ofthe gap between policy and practice, and how they act upon what is expected from themin a classroom context. By analysing interview data of eight teachers from a secondaryschool in the city of Ghent (East Flanders), I make an attempt at mapping their 'personalideological frameworks’, in order to uncover the ways in which teachers respond to language-in-education policies and strong standard language ideologies.