bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Activity evaluation and phytochemical screening of Silene macrosolen and Solanum incanum: A common medicinal plants in Eritrea.
Authors: Ateshim Bilen , Tekle Frenai , Tesfay Meron , Tekleab Muzit , Tekie Rahel , Weldemariam Saimon , Achila Oliver Okoth , Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Hamida Mohammed Elfatih
Published: January 2022

Medicinal plants play great roles in the treatment of various infectious diseases. S.macrosolen and S.incanum are both important medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of infectious diseases in many places around Eritrea. The periodically emerging new and old infectious microorganisms greatly magnify the global burden of infectious diseases. The majorities of emerging infectious events are caused by bacteria which can be associated with evolution of drug resistant strains and overwhelming of the natural host defenses. Therefore, the search of new or alternative mechanisms to effectively treat and prevent infectious diseases, particularly bacterial diseases, have to be encouraged to effectively reduce these global burden. The objective of the study is to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activities of the aqueous and solvent crude extract of leaf and stem of S.macrosolen, and leaf and root of S.incanum against standard strains of selected bacterial species, which can in turn provide a clue for the identification of active constituent responsible for the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of the aqueous ( cold and hot water) and solvent extracts (ethanol, methanol, and chloroform) were evaluated on different selected bacterial strains (E.coli, S.aureus, and P.aeruginosa) using agar well diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar at different concentration with the presence of positive control (Chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin) and negative control (sterile distilled water and 5%DMSO) controls. The highest inhibition zone was observed for methanol extracted S.macrosolen stem and chloroform extracted S.incanum root against S.aureus at 400mg/ml with 23mm and 24.5mmrespectively. Methanol and cold aqueous extracted S.macrosolen stem also showed the highest inhibition of 26mm, 23mm diameter, against P.aeruginosa, and E.coli respectively. The reason for the high inhibition zone could be due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols and glycosides. The least result was seen in hot aqueous extract for each plant with no inhibition for all the bacteria. MIC and MBC was determined using tube dilution and plating method for those plant extracts which showed highest and consistent inhibition zone at different concentrations. The MIC and MBC of cold aqueous extract of S.macrosolen stem was found at 25mg/ml, and 50mg/ml respectively, against both E.coli and P.aeruginosa, while the MIC of chloroform extracted S.incanum root was found at 50mg/ml, however, the MBC was not determined in the concentration tested against S.aureus. The paper published after getting the results of the investigation would be anticipated to contribute for the resolution of the burden of the drug resistant bacteria species.
The Effects of Ionotropic GABA Receptor Blockage on Brain in Sepsis-induced Rats
Authors: Ates Gulten , Ozkok Elif , Gundogan Gul Ipek , Tamer Sule
Published: January 2022

Encephalopathy develops following sepsis, which is defined as life-threatening organ failure due to the irregular response of a host to infection. It has high mortality and morbidity rates. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of inflammation on brain tissue, and the effects of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline in rats with sepsis. Sepsis was experimentally generated in rats using Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The rats were divided into four groups as control, LPS (10 mg/kg i.p.), bicuculline (1.5 mg/kg bicuculline methiodide s.c.), and LPS+bicuculline. Electrophysiologic recordings and body temperature measurements were completed at the 24th hour after injection, and blood samples were taken from the heart for measurements of biochemical parameters. TNF-α, IL-10, and GABA levels were measured using ELISA, and MDA levels were measured using the Bouge method from tissue. Tissue imaging was performed with S100-ß, NEUN, and synaptophysin antibody using immunofluorescence staining. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey test were used in statistical analysis. Inflammatory parameters significantly increased in brain tissue in the LPS group compared with the other groups. The immunofluorescence staining results in brain tissue were as follows: S-100ß involvement increased, and NeuN and synaptophysin involvement decreased in the LPS group. In electrophysiologic recordings, activity consistent with acute non-focal seizures was observed in the LPS group; however, resting status in others. We suggest that the GABAA antagonist bicuculline methiodide may be a prophylactic agent in sepsis, which caused the impaired neurotransmitter balance, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine and lipid peroxidation, and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels.
Exosomes Derived from Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Repair of Damaged Endometrium by Activating PTEN/AKT Pathway
Authors: Jiang Xiaohua , Dong Liu , Xu Xuan , Li Ziwei , Xing Qiong , Yu Zhen , Wei Zhaolian , Wang Jianye
Published: January 2022

Background: Endometrial injury contributes to impaired endometrial receptivity, and is well recognized as a critical factor in implantation failure. Increasing evidence suggests that the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mainly depend on their capacity to secrete paracrine factors and are mediated by MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos). In this study, we investigated the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exos) on injured endometrium in the mouse endometrial damage model and the potential mechanisms.Methods: All female mice were randomly divided into control group, saline group, and exosome (Exo) group. To observe the distribution of exosomes in vivo, DiR-labeled hUCMSC-Exos were injected into the tail vein of endometrium-injured mice. HE staining was used to detect changes in endometrial thickness and number of glands. Fertility recovery of the uterus was measured by testing embryo implantation rates. TUNEL staining was used to detect cells apoptosis. The expression of Ki67 and CD31 was examined by immunohistochemistry. Then, western blotting was used to measure the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3, PTEN, AKT and p-AKT. The mRNA expression of VEGF and IGF-1 was detected by RT-PCR.Results: hUCMSC-Exos was able to migrate to the damaged endometrium. After hUCMSC-Exos injection, the endometrial thickness, the number of glands and embryo implantation rate were significantly increased (P< 0.05). Compared with the saline group, apoptosis was significantly reduced in the exosome group, and the expression of Ki67 and CD31 was significantly increased (P< 0.05). Besides, the expression of Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3 and PTEN was reduced as hUCMSC-Exos addition, and the Bcl-2 and p-AKT expression was increased. The expression of VEGF and IGF-1 was significantly up-regulated in the exosome group compared to the saline group (P< 0.05). Conclusions: hUCMSC-Exos ameliorated the damaged uterus, increased the number of glands and embryo implantation rates, suppressed apoptosis and improved the cell proliferation in the mouse injured endometrium model. Furthermore, we discovered that hUCMSC-Exos could activate the PTEN/AKT signaling pathways and induce the overexpression of VEGF and IGF-1 in vivo.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Atrazine in Aqueous Solution Using La-Doped ZnO/PAN Nanofibers
Authors: Krishnasamy Lakshmi , Krishna Kadirvelu , Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar
Published: January 2022

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based modified zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofibers were synthesized by using electrospinning and hydrothermal techniques. The synthesized nanofibers were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and evaluated for their ability to promote the photocatalytic degradation of the toxic herbicide atrazine. The degradation conditions were optimized by varying catalyst type, catalyst quantity, pH, light source, and toxic concentration. The degradation products were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. The extent of mineralization was calculated using total organic carbon and real-time analyses. The diameter of the La-doped ZnO loaded PAN nanofibers was larger than that of the ZnO-seeded PAN nanofibers. The additional peak at a binding energy of 533 eV in the bonding states of La-doped ZnO/PAN indicated the presence of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO matrix, which could enhance the catalytic activity of the material. Furthermore, the degradation of atrazine depended on all the above reaction parameters. The mass spectrum of the degradation product was recorded and exhibited a molecular ion peak at m/z 187 according to GC-MS. Finally, La-doped ZnO PAN nanofibers proved to be an excellent catalyst for decontaminating atrazine within 1 h and allowed to achieve a 98% degradation efficiency.
rhEPO Upregulates the PPARγ Pathway in Long-Term Cultured Primary Nerve Cells via PI3K/Akt to Delay Cell Senescence
Authors: Wang Huqing , Chen Ming , Zhang Tao , Gao Zhen , Gong Yu , Yu Xiaorui , Wu Haiqin
Published: January 2022

Previous studies have confirmed that both recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO) and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptorsγ (PPARγ) activator pioglitazone can protect senescent nerve cells, and their mechanisms involve enhancing cell antioxidant capacity and reducing cell apoptosis. However, whether the PPARγ pathway is involved in the rhEPO anti-aging process in neuronal cells is still unclear. In this study, to explore the relationship between rhEPO and the PPARγ pathway at the cellular level, primary nerve cells cultured for 22 days were used to simulate the natural aging process of nerve cells. Starting on the 11th day of culture, rhEPO, LY294002 and GW9662 were added for treatment. Immunochemical methods and SA-β-gal staining were used to observe the changes in cellular antioxidant capacity and the fraction of senescent cells. The results showed that PPARγ blockade retarded the effect of rhEPO on the cellular antioxidant capacity and altered the fraction of senescent cells. It was confirmed that PPARγ was involved in rhEPO’s anti-aging process in neuronal cells. Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the changes in PPARγ pathway-related factors in nerve cells after rhEPO treatment. The results showed that rhEPO significantly upregulated the expression of PPARγ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α), PPARγ and nuclear PPARγ in cells but did not affect the level of phosphorylated PPARγ protein, confirming that rhEPO has the ability to upregulate the PPARγ pathway. PI3K/Akt and PPARγ pathway blockade experiments were used to explore the relationships among rhEPO, PI3K/Akt and PPARγ. The results showed that after PPARγ blockade, rhEPO had no significant effect on the PI3K/Akt pathway-related factor p-Akt, while after PI3K/Akt blockade, rhEPO’s effects on PPARγ-related factors (PGC-1α, PPARγ and nuclear PPARγ) were significantly decreased. It is suggested that rhEPO delays the PI3K/Akt pathway in the process of neuronal senescence, which is located upstream of PPARγ regulation. In conclusion, this study confirmed that rhEPO can upregulate the expression of PGC-1α and PPARγ in cells and the level of PPARγ protein in the nucleus to enhance the antioxidant capacity of cells and delay the senescence of nerve cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings will provide ideas for finding new targets for neuroprotection research and will also provide a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for rhEPO anti-aging research in neural cells.
In vivo metallophilic self-assembly of a light-activated anticancer drug
Authors: Bonnet Sylvestre , Zhou Xue-Quan , Wang Peiyuan , Ramu Vadde , Jiang Suhua , Li Xuezhao , Abyar Selda , Papadopoulou Panagiota , Shao Yang , Siegler Maxime , Buda Francesco , Kros Alexander , Sun Wen
Published: January 2022

Self-assembling molecular drugs combine the easy preparation typical of small-molecule chemotherapy and the tumor-targeting properties of drug-nanoparticle conjugates. However, they require a supramolecular interaction that survives the complex environment of a living animal. Here, we report that the metallophilic interaction between cyclometalated palladium complexes generates supramolecular nanostructures in living mice that have a long circulation time (above 12 h) and efficient tumor accumulation rate (up to 10.2% ID/g) in a skin melanoma tumor model. Green light activation leads to efficient tumor destruction due to the photodynamic effect generated by the self-assembled palladium complexes, as demonstrated in vitro by an up to >96-fold cytotoxicity increase upon irradiation. This work demonstrates that metallophilic interactions are well suited for generating stable supramolecular nanotherapeutics in vivo with exceptional tumor-targeting properties.
The Impact of Age, Performance Status And Comorbidities On Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Effectiveness In Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Catalano Martina , Aprile Giuseppe , Conca Raffaele , Petrioli Roberto , Ramello Monica , Roviello Giandomenico
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective: Few studies have evaluated the impact of risk factors such as performance status (PS) and comorbidities on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). We investigated the influence of comorbidity, PS and age on nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine (NabGem) effectiveness profile in naive patients with mPC. Methods: 153 patients with mPC treated with NabGem upfront was divided in three groups (score 0 to 3) based on the absence or the presence of one or more risk factors among: age≥70 years, PS 1 and comorbidities and the clinical outcomes was compared. Results: Fifty-five patients were elderly (≥70years), 80 patients have PS 1, whereas the other have PS 0. Patients with no risk factors (score 0) had an overall survival higher (20 months) than patients with one or two risk factors (score 1-2) (OS 11 months) and with three risk factors (score 3) (OS 8 months) (p<0.01). The difference in OS was also statistically significant in patients without comorbidities (OS 15 months) compared to those with ≥1 comorbidity (OS 10 months) (p<0.001). Conclusions: NabGem chemotherapy represent an effective treatment in naive patients. Age, PS, and comorbidities were prognostic factors in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Will Liberalizing the Services Trade between Developing and Developed Countries Solve Employment Problems in a Post-Pandemic Recovery? The Case of ACP-EU Services Trade
Authors: Rakotoarisoa Manitra A.
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the asymmetric employment problems in the global services sector. Would a liberalization of the highly protected services trade between the rich and poorer countries help solve such problems? This paper contributes to answering that question by analyzing the impacts on welfare and employment of an hypothetical liberalization of the services trade between the Africa, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) and their rich partners in the European Union and the United Kingdom (EU+UK). For both the ACP and EU +UK, their service sectors play important role in their economy, especially in providing jobs. The services sectors employ the majority of unskilled labor and the large majority of skilled labor. For instance, in the EU+UK, 67% of employed unskilled and 82% of employed skilled workers are in the service sectors; the respective figures for ACP countries are 54% and 90%. These figures indicate that any change in trade policies for the services sector will affect not just the services but also other sectors such agriculture and manufacturing in ACP and EU countries. To analyze the impacts of services trade liberalization on welfare an employment, I use a Computable General Equilibrium model that takes into account the labor productivity gaps among trading countries. Results show that although ACP services represents only about 24% of ACP’s total exports to and 28% of ACP’s total import from the EU+UK, halving the bilateral tariffs in services trade will generate for the ACP a welfare gain 3.4 times larger than the gain under elimination of bilateral tariffs on goods. Such liberalization of services trade will generate significant endowment effects equivalent to 410,000 new jobs per year, mostly in the services sector. The employment and welfare gains will also reach other sectors, including agriculture, as services trade costs are reduced. The liberalization of services trade will raise wages, especially for ACP’s skilled labor. All these ACP’s gains will increase further if its labor productivity improves. Despite a slight decline in wages for EU+UK’s skilled labor, the EU+UK will gain about 7.8 billion USD in welfare. Overall, liberalization of the services trade between ACP and EU+UK will help solve their employment problems and should not be delayed.
Cybersecurity, An Axis On Which Management Innovation Must Turn In The 21st Century
Authors: Ojeda Castro Ed. Fernando Alonso
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this article is to highlight Cybersecurity, as a support for innovation in the 21st century company. It analyzes the two dominant structures under company cases, both from the United States and from PR China. The work is part of the research project developed by the researcher from the Pilot University of Colombia, called “The sustainable reference of the company in Colombia: support of the innovation of the XXI Century.” With this, “The Diamond of Innovation” is used, a product of the studies that the author of this document has carried out in the last decade on business models, public policy, culture and education, from Southeast Asia, the RP China and India. Thanks to this work, nine books have been made from the collection of the ‘Asian Firms’ and about thirty related articles. In the last two years, this study made it possible to create a tool that assesses the situation in which a country, city, or particular company finds itself, in terms of innovation, the ‘Innovation Diamond’, uses eight indicators, which allows ranking and propose immediate, short, medium and long term strategies, one of these eight points is: Cybersecurity. To achieve the proper context of the subject, initially the historical subject is addressed, of the evolution of the modalities, object and digital expressions of cybercrime, throughout history, based on the Project “Colossus” by John Mauchly and John Eckert in 1943, which takes up the episodes described in Table 1. On the other hand, it offers the possibility of knowing the indicators that, in terms of cybersecurity, have greater credibility and coverage in the world today, and that allow us to know the advances-setbacks in matter, across the five continents. The document continues, after this context, seeking to explain: What relationship is there between innovation and cybersecurity in the 21st century company? With this purpose, it delves into the subject of Cybersecurity, its continuous relationship with innovation, under its own expression from companies such as Facebook, Netflix, Apple, Samsung, Amazon, etc. The complement is to analyze in this scheme, what is happening in PR China, as the maximum expression of this relationship and a center of criticism and recognition, for its continuous disruption under the slogan ‘made first in China’. Finally, the conclusions take up what has been achieved in its entirety, to propose scenarios and spaces for action that are present, left as legacies of COVID and in the future, where this key cybersecurity-innovation is indivisible as a determining factor not only in economic-social life, but also in relationships. international, West-East, of the next decades.
Real-time dynamics of the $O(4)$ scalar theory within the fRG approach
Authors: Tan Yang-yang , Chen Yong-rui , Fu Wei-jie
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the real-time dynamics of the
O(4)O(4)
scalar theory is studied within the functional renormalization group
formulated on the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path. The flow equations
for the effective action and its nn-point
correlation functions are derived in terms of the
"classical'' and "quantum’’ fields, and a concise
diagrammatic representation is presented. An analytic expression for the
flow of the four-point vertex is obtained. Spectral functions with
different values of temperature and momentum are obtained. Moreover, we
calculate the dynamical critical exponent for the phase transition near
the critical temperature in the O(4)O(4)
scalar theory in 3+13+1
dimensions, and the value is found to be z\simeq 2.023z≃2.023.
CONTRIBUTION OF CARDIAC IMAGING (CT AND MRI) IN THEDIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS: A SERIES OF 76 CASES
Authors:   Cardiology B. Department of CHU Ibn Sina Rabat, Morocco., N. MD Doghmi , FZ. MD Benmessaoud ,   Cardiology B. Department of CHU Ibn Sina Rabat, Morocco., H. Ouartassi ,   Cardiology B. Department of CHU Ibn Sina Rabat, Morocco., Fakir MD Youssef ,   Radiology Department of Agdal Clinic Rabat, Morocco., Latifa Oukerraj ,   Cardiology B. Department of CHU Ibn Sina Rabat, Morocco., Cherti MD Mohamed ,   Cardiology B. Department of CHU Ibn Sina Rabat, Morocco.
Published: January 2022

Background:Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is an uncommon disease that is usually difficult to diagnose. Transthoracic echocardiography can sometimes fail to establish its diagnosis. The aim of our study is to prove that both Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offer distinct advantages to confirm the diagnosis of CP and make therapeutic decisions for patients with this condition. Methods:Data of 76 patients who underwent MRI for a suspicion of CP from January 2009 to October 2021 were reviewed retrospectively Results:MRI and CT scan confirmed the diagnosis showing pericardial thickening in all cases, measuring 7.6 Â± 3.2 mm on average circumferential in 62,7 %, and localized in 37,3 %, pericardial calcification in 50 % of cases and inferior vena cava plethora in all cases. An abnormal septal motion was found in all patients. Imaging data namely pericardial thickening, calcifications, as well as their topography, were confirmed by surgical exploration, and the results were consistent in 100% of cases. Conclusion:Although cardiac CT and CMR are recommended as second-line tests in the diagnostic workup of constrictive pericarditis, they offer distinct advantages to not only confirm the diagnosis but also make therapeutic decisions for patients with this condition. Nowadays, many studies prove that a modern approach for the management of pericardial diseases should include the use of different imaging modalities.
ANALYTICAL STUDY ON BASTI DRAVYA PRAMANA
Authors:   Reader Panchakarma Department BG Garaiya Ayu. College and Hospital Kalipat, Rajkot, Gujarat., Gunale Ravindra , B. Darokar Shrikant ,   Professor, Rachana Sharir Department, B.G.Garaiya Ayurveda College and Hospital, Kalipat, Rajkot, Gujarat., Krishna Shriwas Hari ,   Assistant Professor, Basic Principle Department, B.G. Garaiya Ayurvedic College Rajkot, Gujarat.
Published: January 2022

Panchakarma modalities are specialized therapeutic procedures well proven in all categorise and any stage of diseases due to the combination of metallic & non metallic herbal formulations. Amongst all these Basti therapy is known as Ardha chikitsa in Ayurvedic science, because it has various actions like snehana, bruhana, utkleshana, shodhana, shaman, lekhana, rasayana and Vajikarana etc. Acharya in Ancient time described their pramana also according to vyadhi and shareer bala Aushadhi, dosha bala, satmya, satwa, prakruti, Agni and Vaya. In present era which basti dravya pramana is applicable to administer the basti procedure which can be given in accurate as mentioned in classic and which cannot be used, this is described according to calculations of basti dravya in various samhita.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING CERVICAL CANCER AND HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS AMONG PHYSICIANS IN ARAR CITY, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Family Medicine Resident, Saudi Board Family Medicine., Nughaymish Alanazi Arwa , Khalid Alotaibi Hanan ,   Family Medicine Resident, Saudi Board Family Medicine., Menwer Alanazi Aseel ,   Family Medicine Resident, Saudi Board Family Medicine., Ismail Ahmed ,   Consultant Family Medicine, Tranier At Saudi Board Family Medicine., Abdalrahim Sulaiman Amel ,   M.D Community Medicine.
Published: January 2022

Background: In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), cervical cancer ranks the 9th most diagnosed cancer among females aged 15-44 years and according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recent figures, it ranks the 6th leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in this age group in Saudi Arabia. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the primary health care physicians towards the Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus and its prevention. Subjects and methods:A descriptive cross-sectional facility basedstudy was conducted in Arar city in a period from February to December, 2021 among all the primary health care physicians, in addition to gynecologist and pediatricians in Maternity and Child hospital. A comprehensive structured English self-administered questionnaire to assess the levels of knowledge and attitudes regarding cervical cancer and the two major preventive strategies (the Pap smear and HPV vaccine) was used for data collection. Results: The study included 128 physicians. Females represented 61.7% of them. Their age ranged between 24 and 56 years with an arithmetic meanÃ‚Â±tandard deviation (SD) of 31.6Ã‚Â±6 years. The total knowledge score about cervical cancer prevention and screening ranged between 2 and 21 out of a maximum possible of 22 with a median (interquartile range IQR) of 15 (12-17). The highest knowledge score was observed among family physicians (mean rank=72.90) whereas the lowest score was observed among pediatricians (mean rank=38.55), p<0.001. The total attitude score ranged between 7 and 15 out of a maximum possible of 17 with a median (interquartile range IQR) of 11 (9-12). Only 20.3% of the physicians reported a history of ever been vaccination agaist HPV.The age of vaccinated physicians was significantly lower than that of not vaccinated group (29.0Ã‚Â±4.1 vs. 32.2Ã‚Â±6.3), p=0.014. Similarly, the years of experience of vaccinated physicians was significantly lower than those of not vaccinated group (3.5Ã‚Â±3.0 vs. 5.9Ã‚Â±5.2), p=0.024. Almost half of physicians between R1 and R3 (46.2-55.6%) compared to only 4% of R4 and 4.9% of specialists reported history of being vaccinated against HPV, p<0.001. Knowledge about cancer cervix score was significantly higher among not vaccinated compared to vaccinated group (median scores were 16 and 14, respectively), p=0.018. Conclusion:Knowledge of physicians in Arar regarding cancer cervix prevention and screening is moderate, favorable attitude towards the disease was observed, however, suboptimal uptaking of the HPV vaccine was observed.
LENDOMETRIOSE PERINEALE : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service De Maternite - Chu Ibnou Rochd (Casablanca-Maroc)., Abbassi I. El , Atfi F. ,   Service De Maternite - Chu Ibnou Rochd (Casablanca-Maroc)., Lamrissi A. ,   Service De Maternite - Chu Ibnou Rochd (Casablanca-Maroc)., Fichtali K. ,   Service De Maternite - Chu Ibnou Rochd (Casablanca-Maroc)., Bouhya S. ,   Service De Maternite - Chu Ibnou Rochd (Casablanca-Maroc).
Published: January 2022

Lendometriose perineale correspond a la presence de tissu endometrial au niveau du perinee superficiel, le plus souvent sur une cicatrice depisiotomie ou sur une dechirure obstetricale. Le diagnostic preoperatoire repose sur lIRMet sera confirme par une analyse histologique pour excluretoute autre tumeur. Le traitement medical avec les analogues de GnRH est inefficace. Le traitement reste chirurgical et consiste en unelarge resection de la masse.Nous rapportons un cas dendometriose sur une cicatrice depisiotomie chez une patiente de 34 ans ayant accouche il y a 4 ans.
ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIALINFARCTION INPATIENTS WITH COVID-19(ABOUT A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITTERATURE)
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Sud Francilien Hospital, Corbeil Essonne, France., Youssra MD Serroukh , Pascal MD Goube ,   Department of Cardiology, Sud Francilien Hospital, Corbeil Essonne, France., Zakaria MD Choho ,   Department of Cardiology, Sud Francilien Hospital, Corbeil Essonne, France.
Published: January 2022

The World Health Organization declared the SARS-CoV-2 infection causing severe acute respiratory distress a global pandemic in March 2020. While respiratory features are commonly at the forefront of the disease, cardiovascular complications have been observed and associated with a poorer prognosis [1]The mechanism is multifactorial, associating endothelial damage, anabnormality of hemostasis, and immunothrobosis [2].We report the case of a 37-year-old female patient who had a myocardial infarction related to a thrombus located in the left coronary artery,whos his covid 19 disease was subsequently diagnosed, andwhose evolution was favorable.The interest of this case report is to show the need to acquire the reflexto think about a covid 19 disease in case of acute coronary syndrome (especially for theyoung) even in the absence of other obvious respiratory signs, as well asto shed light on the mechanism and the particularity of diagnostic andtherapeutic management of this kind of complications.
LINGUISTICALLY MARGINALIZED CATEGORY OF CHILDREN: A CASE OF THREE COMPOUNDS IN LUSAKA CITY, ZAMBIA
Authors:   Rockview University Lusaka, Zambia., Chitondo Lufeyo
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study was to analyze how children between the ages of one day to five years are linguistically marginalized in their own communities. The study employed a mixed paradigm and descriptive survey design that sampled three compounds in Lusaka Misisi Compound, Matero Compound and Kabulonga. Sample size comprised of 60 respondents and parents and children were interviewed and collection of the objects that children use to play with were used to collect data. Data was obtained from respondents by means of interviews, objects children use and observation schedules. Frequency, percentages, tables, graphs and pie-charts were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data obtained. Data was then analyzed manually in some cases and also, a combination of software MS Access and MS Excel. The findings revealed that home-based language marginalization, can occur within the same community to any child from any social, economic and education background and that adults linguistic practices contribute in preventing this category of children to have enough access to the speech of their ancestors. Therefore, understanding possible factors that contribute to childrens first language marginalization in families can guide parents (caretakers), educational researchers, linguists, and community-based workers in their respective work with children during their early childhood (1day-5years of age).
Biliary dyskinesia in children with irritable bowel syndrome: overlap syndrome. The search for a modern approach to the treatment of abdominal pain syndrome
Authors: Nizhevitch A. A. , Gimazetdinova R. Sh. , Tuygunov M. M. , Yakupova G. M.
Published: January 2022

Objective. To optimize therapeutic approaches to the treatment of abdominal pain syndrome in children with overlapping syndrome of biliary dyskinesia + irritable bowel syndrome.

Characteristics of children and research methods. The study included 309 children aged from 13 to 17 years. Irritable bowel syndrome was diagnosed in 76 (24.6%) patients in accordance with the Rome IV revision criteria and the results of laboratory and instrumental studies. 45 (59.2%) patients had a variant of the syndrome with constipation, 19 (25%) – a variant with diarrhea, 12 (15.8%) – a mixed variant (alternating constipation with diarrhea). Biliary pain was detected in 58 (76.3%) patients, including 34 (44.7%) patients with constipation, 13 (17.1%) with diarrhea variants and 11 (14.5%) with mixed option. The researchers used two treatment options: trimebutin (Trimedat, ValentaPharm, Russia) in an age dosage for 28 days (main group) and papaverine in an age dosage for 4 weeks (comparison group).

Results. The main group demonstrated a more pronounced decrease in the intensity of abdominal pain associated with both irritable bowel syndrome and biliary dyskinesia. Differences between treatment results in the main and control groups are statistically significant (p<0.01). During the treatment period there were no cases of side effects in the main group, the differences in the frequency of side effects between the main group and the comparison group are statistically significant. (p=0.01).

Conclusion. Correction of abdominal pain with trimebutin significantly exceeds the effectiveness of standard antispasmodic therapy in the treatment of overlap syndrome of irritable bowel syndrome + biliary dyskinesia. Trimebutin therapy is safe and can be recommended as a fairly effective method of treating children with overlap syndrome.
Coping Strategies Adopted by Nurses and Midwives to Mitigate the Impact of Occupational Stress in the Catholic Health Service of the Western Region of Ghana
Authors: Elliason Eric Kwasi
Published: January 2022

This study investigated the type of coping strategies nurses and midwives in the Catholic Health Service of the Western Region of Ghana adopted to mitigate the effects of occupational stress. The study also looked at the association between occupational stress and coping strategies among nurses and midwives. A quantitative research approach was adopted for the study. Specifically, the study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A sample size of 300 was used for the study. A questionnaire based on the Coping Strategies Inventory developed by Tobin, Holroyd, Reynolds, and Wigal was adopted. The short form of the inventory was used. For statistical purposes, One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, mean and standard deviation, and Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficients were employed to analyze the data gathered. The results of the study revealed that nurses and midwives in the Catholic Health Service of the Western Region adopted both emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies but predominantly problem-focused coping strategies to mitigate the effects of occupational stress. The study’s results also revealed that occupational stress has a weak positive significant relationship with coping strategies between nurses and midwives in the Catholic Health Service of the Western Region of Ghana. The study recommended that nurses and midwives be trained on the appropriate types of coping strategies to deal with occupational stress. It was also recommended that nurses and midwives be trained on stress management strategies.
Analytical and numerical solutions of two-dimensional problems of heat conduction and electronic optics
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kurbatova Galina I. , Vinogradova Ekaterina M. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2022

This work is devoted to a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various methods for the numerical solution of a non-stationary two-dimensional problem of heat conduction in a cylindrical coordinate system in the absence of axial symmetry. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the obtained analytical solution of the two-dimensional problem of heat conduction in a steady state. The results of this work are of great applied importance in calculating the processes of gas transportation through offshore pipelines, as well as in calculating the electrostatic field of focusing systems during transportation of charged particle beams in problems of electronic optics.
Mathematical modeling of pressure distribution during deformations of the intervertebral disc
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Chubarov Dmitry A. , Tregubov Vladimir P. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Egorova Nadezhda K. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2022

Based on the analysis of the mechanical models of the intervertebral disc given in the literature, it is concluded that the finite element computational grids used in them do not reflect the real structure of the intervertebral disc. In this regard, a mechanical model of the inter- vertebral disc was built, the structure of which is close to its real structure. The proposed model was used to determine the dynamics of the pressure distribution in the intervertebral disc when one of the vertebrae is rotated by a given angle. To determine the resulting bulges of each cell in the structure of the fibrous ring, the Rayleigh method and its modification were used. This made it possible to rationally calculate the volumes of cells. When calculating the pressure in each cell, its linear dependence on the deflection value of the cell was used. As a result of the proposed algorithm, the pressure dynamics in each cell of the intervertebral disc model was determined when the angle between the vertebrae changed.
Irrational behavioral strategies for a swarm of mini-robots
Authors:   “NPK” Network-Centric Platforms, Abrosimov Vyacheslav K. , Mazurov Alexander Yu. ,   Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

When constructing control strategies for intelligent objects, the standard approach is to assume the rationality of their behavior. In some applications, however, a control object solves a collective problem within a group of other objects and, due to collective obligations, can or should act irrationally. This scenario becomes especially relevant when a group of different-type robotic means carries out a collective mission in an opposing environment under semi-autonomous or autonomous group control. This paper proposes an algorithm for forming a space-time structure of a swarm of mini-robots that is irrational for an external observer. A group of robots is treated as a multiagent system in which each agent is trained in the paradigm of collective behavior and motion within a swarm. The irrational behavior of robots is de need, and the conditions for switching from rational behavior to irrational one are considered. The approach is illustrated by an example of constructing special swarm formations consisting of several dozens of mini-robots (up to two hundred), the sizes of which are commensurate with the distance between them, carrying out a collective mission under an external observer opposing them. As shown below, such irrational formations can be created using a special modification of the Reynolds swarm algorithm.
Development of category-based scoring support vector regression (CBS-SVR) for drought prediction
Authors: Bazrkar Mohammad Hadi , Chu Xuefeng
Published: January 2022

Using the existing measures for training numerical (non-categorical) prediction models can cause misclassification of droughts. Thus, developing a drought category-based measure is critical. Moreover, the existing fixed drought category thresholds need to be improved. The objective of this research is to develop a category-based scoring support vector regression (CBS-SVR) model based on an improved drought categorization method to overcome misclassification in drought prediction. To derive variable threshold levels for drought categorization, K-means (KM) and Gaussian mixture (GM) clustering are compared with the traditional drought categorization. For drought prediction, CBS-SVR is performed by using the best categorization method. The new drought model was applied to the Red River of the North Basin (RRB) in the USA. In the model training and testing, precipitation, temperature, and actual evapotranspiration were selected as the predictors, and the target variables consisted of multivariate drought indices, as well as bivariate and univariate standardized drought indices. Results indicated that the drought categorization method, variable threshold levels, and the type of drought index were the major factors that influenced the accuracy of drought prediction. The CBS-SVR outperformed the support vector classification and traditional SVR by avoiding overfitting and miscategorization in drought prediction.
Application of hydrological model to assess river flow in the transboundary cryosphere and data-scarce watershed, a case study: Chitral-Kabul River Basin (C-KRB) in Pakistan
Authors: Azzam Abdullah , Zhang Wanchang , Shahid Muhammad Adnan , Elbeltagi Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Severe water crises in Pakistan and growing demands in Afghanistan require a bilateral agreement on the Kabul River Basin (KRB) but precise stream-flow data is a critical matter. The aim of this research is to assess the stream-flow of the data-scarce transboundary Chitral-Kabul River Basin (C-KRB) in Pakistan using a hydrologic modeling approach. The HEC-HMS model was applied for predicting peak-flow and simulating runoff of the C-KRB. The model was calibrated over the period 2010–2011 (66% of all data) and validated for 2012 (33% of all data). Our findings showed that the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and R2 were 0.70 and 0.89 respectively. The simulated peak-outflow was 850 m3/s on 1 August, which was quite close to the observed peak-flow of 861 m3/s on 3 August 2012. The difference in peak-flow (Dp) was −4.45% and the deviation of runoff volume (Dv) was −26.95%. It was concluded that HEC-HMS can be applied as a rapid tool in predicting future flow using the freely accessible rainfall and snow-cover data. Furthermore, this approach can be utilized for water users, developers and planners to provide first-hand information for formulating any bilateral agreement on shared water of the KRB between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Investigation of electrode passivation during electrocoagulation treatment with aluminum electrodes for high silica content produced water
Authors: Yasri Nael G. , Ingelsson Markus , Nightingale Michael , Jaggi Aprami , Dejak Michael , Kryst Katerina , Oldenburg Thomas B. P. , Roberts Edward P. L.
Published: January 2022

One of the main challenges for the implementation of electrocoagulation (EC) in water treatment are fouling and passivation of the electrodes, especially for applications with high contaminant concentrations. For the first time, we investigated in this study the process of fouling mitigation by polarity reversal during the EC treatment of boiler blowdown water from oil-sands produced water, characterized by high silica concentrations (0.5–4 g L−1). This effluent is typically obtained from an evaporative desalination process in oil production industries. Potentiodynamic characterisation was used to study the impact of passivation on the anode dissolution. Although a charge loading of 4,800 C L−1 was found to remove about 98% of silica from a 1 L batch of 4 g L−1 Si solution, fouling reduced the performance significantly to about 40% in consecutive cycles of direct current EC (DC-EC) treatment. Periodic polarity reversal (PR) was found to reduce the amount of electrode fouling. Decreasing the polarity period from 60 to 10 s led to the formation of a soft powdery fouling layer that was easily removed from the electrodes. In contrast, with DC operation, a hard scale deposit was observed. The presence of organics in the field samples did not significantly affect the Si removal, and organics with high levels of oxygen and sulfate groups were preferentially removed. Detailed electrochemical and economic investigations suggest that the process operating at 85 °C achieves 95% silica removal (from an initial concentration of 481 mg L−1) with an electrical energy requirement of 0.52 kWh m−3, based on a charge loading of 1,200 C L−1, an inter-electrode gap of 1.8 cm and a current density of 16 mA cm−2.
ABOUT DRAMATURGICAL PRINCIPLES OF D. N. MAMIN-SIBIRYAK: COMEDY “THE OWNERS OF GOLD MINES”
Authors: Zyryanov Oleg V.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the experience of referring to the little-studied part of the creative heritage of Mamin-Sibiryak — his first dramatic work, the play “The Owners of Gold Mines”. The creative history of this work is traced, a comparative analysis of the printed magazine version of the play and the later edition, which remained in the white manuscript, is carried out. The author made the order of the changes in the genre nominations of the play by himself (from comedy to drama and everyday chronicle and, vice versa, to comedy). The logic of significant adjustment of the system of characters and the nature of the dramatic conflict, as well as the change in the leading axiological attitudes of the author-playwright's consciousness, is revealed.
As a fundamental feature of the plot-compositional construction of the play “The Owners of Gold Mines”, Mamin's synthesis of novel and dramatic forms was recognized, which was most clearly manifested in his orientation towards the theatrical tradition of the “plays of life” of A. N. Ostrovsky, on panoramic illumination of the “dark kingdom” gold miners. In the course of the analysis of the dramatic development of the action, it is shown how the comedy of social and everyday situations organically flows into a real family-psychological tragedy of passionate obsession and painful conscience, complicated by individual melodramatic elements. The emphasis in the spiritual and moral issues of the play on the plot of sin and repentance, of the popular Christian view of human nature makes the work in question related to the folk parable drama of L. N. Tolstoy “The Power of Darkness”. In the conclusion, it is suggested that in the first play, Mamin the playwright is already coming close to the stage discoveries of the existential psychological drama (comedy) of A. P. Chekhov, which will be even more tangibly manifested in the next dramatic work of the Ural writer — the comedy “Little Truth”.
ARTICLE 29/39 OF THE MAGNA CARTA IN THE PUBLIC CONTROVERSY OF THE LATE 16TH CENTURY
Authors: KONDRATIEV Sergey V.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the reception life of Article 29/39 of the Magna Carta in the political and right-wing controversy of England at the end of the 16th century. It is shown that the Magna Carta, which fell out of use in the late Middle Ages, returned to the political and right-wing space in the Elizabethan era. It was customary to use the Magna Carta in the 1225 edition, otherwise the edition of Henry III, which was confirmed more than 30 times and was perceived as an act of parliament. An analysis of the treatises of common law jurists William Fleetwood and Robert Snape led to the conclusion that the Magna Carta was considered a document that restored the ancient best and just right, trampled by the Norman invasion, and ensured continuity with the beyond the memory of British antiquity. Article 29 was considered the core and quintessence of the liberties and rights of subjects. A study of the controversy between common law lawyers James Maurice, Robert Beale and civilist Richard Coisin around the judicial powers of the High Commission, its ex officio inquisition procedure and specific incidents of persecution of nonconformist priests led to the conclusion that these common law lawyers insisted on the fundamental nature of Article 29, on the unlawfulness of the prosecutions, the inability of the commission to issue criminal sentences and to use the ex officio inquisition oath. They argued that the royal authority did not have the prerogative to create commissions in violation of Article 29. Civilist Richard Coisin objected that ecclesiastical jurisdiction is an independent branch of law and is not subject to Magna Carta.