bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICO-DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF PATIENTS WITH ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS - A MENACE FOR CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Das Suchibrata , SETT ARINDAM , SAHA ABANTI , Patra Sangita , Gharami Ramesh CH.
Published: December 2023

Objective: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is characterized by dark, coarse, and thickened skin with a velvety texture, involving the neck, the axillae, and the flexor of large joints. A significant association between coronary heart disease and patients with AN was noticed. Objectives were to study the prevalence, clinico-demographic, and etiological profile of patients presenting with AN and to draw relations, if any, with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Methods: It was an observational, descriptive, institution-based cross-sectional study and was conducted at the out-patient department of dermatology, venereology and leprosy of a tertiary care hospital in the eastern part of India. An attempt was made to detect the etiological factor of the disease by noting the temporal association between the disease and any systemic associations, with special attention to CVD.
Results: High body mass index (BMI) was seen in 71.9% of cases, systolic hypertension in 35.3%, diastolic hypertension in 43.9%, raised fasting blood sugar (FBS) in 30.2%, and raised postprandial (PP) sugar in 15.8% of patients. A significant relationship was seen between high BMI, raised cholesterol, triglycerides, and PP blood sugar and systolic and diastolic hypertension.
Conclusion: In AN, patients who have a high BMI have the highest chance of developing CVD, as well as hypercholesterolemia and hypertryglyceridemia. Raised FBS is noted as an additional factor for developing diastolic hypertension.
A STUDY OF OCCURRENCE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE REPORTED AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HAPUR
Authors: KAUSHIK SHOBHIT , SAMUEL MADHULIKA PETER , RAI JAYANT , KAUSHIK SHIPRA
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance reported against Staphylococcus aureus in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care hospital in Hapur.
Methods: Urine, pus, blood, throat swab, and sputum samples of 15–60-year-old patients were collected and cultured. 100 samples were selected where S. aureus had grown. Bacteria were identified and the antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out.
Results: The strain of resistant bacteria originates from an environment where several antibiotics are used. The bacteria were seen to be resistant frequently to 2–5 antibiotics. This indicates earlier exposure of the isolated bacteria to these drugs.
Conclusion: The high multiple antibiotic resistance is identified in this study and it is necessary to make changes to national antibiotic policy.
ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: K DHIVYA , S Harini , S ASWINI
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the quality of life (QOL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Primary Objective: The primary objective of the study is to assess the QOL using the kidney disease QOL-short form™ questionnaire in CKD. Secondary Objective: The secondary objective of the study is to assess the functional status of CKD patients.
Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted for 6 months in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Of 201 patients enrolled in the study, 137 were males and 64 were females, aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with 3–5 and 5D stages of CKD were included in the study. Patient data were collected from the patient’s medical records and QOL was assessed by the kidney disease quality of life-short form (KDQOL-SF) questionnaire. QOL rating % criteria was determined by Karnofsky performance status scale. The p=0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The present study has assessed all the domains of KDQOL in the study subjects. The result indicated that health-related QOL (HRQOL) is poor in patients in stage 5 and HD. Hence, QOL was found to be low for most dimensions in stages of CKD. No statistically significant difference was found among the patients in various stages of CKD.
Conclusion: The HRQOL of the patients was done using KDQOL-SF 36 (includes a 36-item health survey) and the study indicates that HRQOL declines with advanced stages of CKD (HRQOL is poor in patients who are on dialysis).
A STUDY ON ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND CO MORBIDITIES IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION ADMITTED IN A RURAL TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: V SIVASHANKARI , K NISHA , C JAYACHANDRAN , K BALAMURUGAN
Published: December 2023

Objectives: In India, children under 5 years of age suffer from varying degrees of malnutrition. As the severity of undernutrition increases, risk of other diseases increases exponentially. The aim of this study was to identify etiological factors for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children aged 6 months to 5 years.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Department of Pediatrics of a rural tertiary care center, Tamil Nadu, India, between January and December 2020. All children with SAM in the age group of 6 months to 5 years were included in the study while children with secondary causes of malnutrition were excluded. Sociodemographic data were entered in preformed proforma. Nutritional status was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) standard growth charts. Descriptive data were given in summary statistics while Student’s t-test and Pearson’s Chi-square test were used for analyzing variables. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Among 111 children included, mean age was 25.2±15.7 months, 55.85% were females, mean height was 82.4±12.0 cm, 85.58% were from lower socioeconomic status, and mean duration of hospital stay was 5.9±2.5 days. Mothers were the caregivers in 80.18%, 63.96% were unaware of breastfeeding practices, and 59.46% had exclusively breastfed for <3 months. Complementary feed was unsatisfactory in 77.48%, and 75.67% of children were given cow’s milk but inadequate. As maternal age increased, awareness of breastfeeding (p=0.0005) and complementary feeding (p=0.0005) significantly increased. The mean weight at admission was 8.09±2.25 kg which increased to 8.26±2.25 kg and was significant (p=0.0005).
Conclusion: As mothers were the primary caregivers but with poor awareness on breastfeeding practices, awareness campaigns targeting mothers will be more effective. As awareness on breastfeeding and complementary feeding increased with increasing maternal age, age of childbirth can be increased to more than 20 years.
MUCOR MYCOSIS AND OTHER FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING SECOND WAVE OF PANDEMIC AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: M Bharathi , T Sirisha , A Usharani
Published: December 2023

Objectives: In India, there has been a sudden Surge in Mucor mycosis cases during second wave of COVID-19, made the Government of India declare it as a notifiable disease. In this background, we did a study to know the fungal etiology of the suspected Mucor mycosis cases and to know the positivity rate of Mucor mycosis in COVID-19 patients during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: In a retrospective study, we examined different samples from 112 Covid-19 positive, in-patients with suspected Mucor mycosis. A history of risk factors was taken. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) mount was done for all samples followed by culture on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar.
Results: 81.25% of total cases were from 31 to 60 years of age group. Diabetes mellitus, steroid therapy, and Intensive care unit admissions were the risk factors observed. Fungal filaments were observed in 37 samples in KOH mount (33%) and culture was positive in 45 samples (40.17%). Mixed infection was seen in two cases (4.44%). The most common fungus isolated was Mucor in 23 samples (48.93%) followed by Aspergillus in 7 cases (14.89%; Aspergillus niger in four cases, Aspergillus fumigatus in 2 cases and Aspergillus flavus in 1 case) and Candida spp in 6 cases (12.76%). Among mixed infections, Mucor and A. niger in one case and Candida and A. niger in another case were isolated. Rhyzopus, Syncephalastrum, Penicillium, and Fusarium were the other fungi isolated.
Conclusion: Mucorales were the most common species isolated (63.82%) followed by Aspergillus species. High suspicion and diagnosis of Mucor mycosis in Covid-19 patients is very important to initiate antifungal treatment, to reduce the mortality.
TO SCREEN THE CHILDREN AGED 4 MONTHS TO 15 YEARS FOR POSSIBLE UTI AND POINT PREVALENCE ON THE BASIS OF URINE MICROSCOPY AND/OR URINE DIPSTICK IN FEVER WITHOUT A FOCUS IN A PERIPHERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Lone Rais Ahmad , Shiekh Hafeezullah , MAJEED NOUSHEEN
Published: December 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to screen the children aged 4 months–15 years for possible urinary tract infection (UTI) and point prevalence on the basis of urine microscopy and/or urine dipstick in fever without a focus in a peripheral hospital.
Methods: This was a hospital-based outpatient study conducted in the pediatric patients of district hospital Shopian between January 2021 and December 2021. A total of 9000 children were seen but most had (or developed) a focus. Only 180 patients did not develop any focus and were the actual subjects subjected to urine microscopy/urine dipstick to identify the possible UTI.
Results: Of the 9000 children seen 8820 patients had (or developed) a focus. One hundred and eighty patients did not develop any focus and corresponded to 2% with 74 (41.111%) male and 106 (58.888%) female children of which 62 had positive urine microscopy/dipstick corresponding to 0.6889%, with 24 (38.7%) male and 38 (61.3%) female suggesting a point prevalence of 0.6889%.
Conclusion: Urine microscopy and/or urine dipstick of a clean voided urine specimen may reasonably be used to rule out UTI and excluded from further confirmatory invasive urine culture. Similarly positive tests could be used to rule in UTI and proceed for further investigation.
SEROPREVALENCE OF TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: K SHUNMUGAPRIYA , SA MANIMALA , S PUNITHARANJITHAM , RAVISHANKAR JEYARAJ
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Blood transfusion is an effective treatment for saving millions of lives. However, transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) hamper blood safety. To prevent transmission of these diseases, screening for infections is an essential step for blood safety.
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of TTI among healthy voluntary blood donors.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study at the Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Tirunelveli Medical College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, for a period of 6 years from January 2017 to December 2022. Data of the blood donors screened were retrieved and analyzed with the aid of screening register and seropositive donor register over 2 months (December 2022 and January 2023).
Results: Among 53522 donors, 0.44% were seropositive for TTI (0.44%, n=233/53522) in which 99.57% (n=232/233) were male donors. Prevalence was more in 18–25 age group (39.91%, n=93/233). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the most prevalent microbe (n=144/53522) (0.27%). The prevalence of HBV showed a decreasing trend, while the prevalence of syphilis showed an increasing trend. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus and malaria was unchanged.
Conclusion: Seroprevalence and changing trends of TTI among blood donors reveal the prevalence of infections in the general population which gives an idea of disease burden on society. Education about confidential unit exclusion and implementation can help reduce transmission risk and wastage.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FIRST EPISODE STATUS EPILEPTICUS AND MULTIPLE EPISODES OF STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF TERTIARY HOSPITAL OF BUNDELKHAND REGION, CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Kuldeep  , Singh Rajput Jeetam , Gupta Virendra , Singh Ravindra
Published: December 2023

Objective: Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency that necessitates prompt and intensive treatment to prevent damage to the brain and other complications. SE can occur in any age group, but it is most observed in infants and the elderly. The diagnosis of convulsive SE is primarily clinical, but neuroimaging and laboratory studies are required to identify the underlying cause when convulsion is subsided. Bundelkhand region is a proposed state, located between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in central India, has a population of approximately 18 million, with around 14 million residing in rural areas (Census 2011). This region is infamous for its backward healthcare and education systems. This study aims to compare the outcomes of individuals experiencing their first episode of SE versus those with multiple episodes in terms of seizure control or progression to refractory or super-refractory status, considering the underlying causes.
Methods: A total of 100 participants were selected for the study at MLB Medical College, Jhansi, between March 2020 and November 2021. Before participation, written informed consent was obtained after explaining the study’s objectives and procedures in detail. Data were recorded on an Excel sheet and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, applying appropriate statistical tests when necessary.
Results: Among the 100 patients with SE, the common etiological factors were anticonvulsant drug withdrawal (33%) and central nervous system (CNS) infections (33%), followed by metabolic encephalopathy (17%), cerebral vascular accidents (12%), and hypoxemic encephalopathy (5%). The patients were managed according to standard protocols and drug availability. The outcomes were categorized as seizure control, hospital death, or development of refractory or super-refractory status. Among the patients, 35% developed refractory SE, and within that group, 29% progressed to super-refractory status.
Conclusion: The fatality rate of SE was 14.0%. Predictors of higher mortality rates included the first episode of SE, patient’s age, lack of response to initial antiepileptic drugs, duration of convulsions, and untreatable underlying causes. Etiologies such as CNS infections and anticonvulsant drug withdrawal were considered preventable and have better outcomes.
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF CAUDAL BUPIVACAINE VERSUS BUPIVACAINE PLUS TRAMADOL FOR PEDIATRIC INFRAUMBILICAL SURGERIES: A STUDY ON POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA
Authors: AYUSHEE KHANDELWAL  , RASHMI GUPTA  , SURESH PANDEY
Published: December 2023

Objective: Effective post-operative pain management is crucial in pediatric patients undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Various regional anesthesia techniques, including caudal block, have been used to provide post-operative analgesia in children. The addition of tramadol, a synthetic opioid analgesic, to bupivacaine in caudal anesthesia has shown potential benefits. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of single-shot caudal bupivacaine alone versus bupivacaine plus tramadol for post-operative analgesia in pediatric infra-umbilical surgeries.
Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical study was conducted at our institute. The present study will be carried out in 60 pediatric patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grades I and II between the age of 1 and 8 years, undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. These children were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group B (n=30) received caudal block with 0.25% bupivacaine (1 mL/kg) and Group BT (n=30) received caudal block with 0.25% bupivacaine (1 mL/kg) with tramadol (1 mg/kg). The variables studied were hemodynamic changes, duration of analgesia, and incidence of side effects. Pain assessment was done at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h post-operatively using modified objective pain scale.
Results: It was observed that the mean duration of analgesia in Group BT (9.05±2.21) h was significantly longer (p=0.0001) than Group B (3.78±0.94) h. Hemodynamic parameters remained comparable during intraoperative and post-operative periods. There was no incidence of nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, hypotension, pruritus, or decrease in respiratory rate in the two groups.
Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that a single-shot caudal block with 0.25% bupivacaine (1 mL/kg) plus tramadol (1 mg/kg) resulted in longer duration of analgesia when compared to 0.25% bupivacaine (1 mL/kg) alone with no incidence of any side effects.
A STUDY OF CLINCOETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: ARYA SHASHIKANT , GUPTA ARCHANA , NANDURKAR PAWAN
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the clinical profile, etiology in patients presenting with plural effusion and correlation between etiology, clinical, and radiological findings.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out at the GRMC JAH Department of Medicine, Gwalior, from to July 2013 to October 2014 after getting the permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee. Inclusion criteria were all 100 patients above 14 years of age with clinical and radiological evidence of plural effusion. Patients with history of trauma chest and thoracocentesis were excluded from the study. The demographic variables were gender, age in years, sex, and address. The research variables were breathlessness, fever, cough, chest pain, generalized edema, abdominal pain, hemoptysis, and cause of pleural effusion. Investigations such as complete blood count, retained blood syndrome, renal function test, serum albumin, chest X-ray, pleural fluid analysis, ultrasonography chest and abdomen, echocardiogram, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, blood culture, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and computed tomography scan. There were eight age groups between below 21 years and above 81 years. Nominal data were analyzed for frequency and (%) and the numeric data were analyzed by Chi-square test p-value.
Results: In the present study, maximum cases (66%) presented with exudative type of pleural effusion. Of these 43 cases (65.15%) had tuberculosis, 5 cases (7.5%) had malignancy and 4 cases (6.06%) had pneumonia. About 34% cases presented with transudative type of pleural effusion. Of these 10 cases (29.41%) had hepatic involvement, and 8 cases (23.52%) had congestive cardiac failure. Acute febrile illness 9 (9%), nephrotic syndrome 4 (16%), renal failure 5 (5%), hypoalbuminemea 5 (5%), pancreatitis (1%), and adult respiratory distress syndrome (1%) were other causes of pleural effusion in this study.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AMONG PATIENTS IN DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL, KOLLAM
Authors: JS Beena , Raj MR Rakesh Praveen , R Reeja , Nair R Bindulatha , L Pavithran Reshma
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Pharmacovigilance practices are still in the infancy in India, more so in South India. adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are often underreported and the risks are higher in adults and elderly due to the association of comorbidities, self-medication, combination of indigenous systems of medicines and modern medicine, and so on. The present study was done with the objective to analyze the ADRs among patients in the general medicine department, Government Medical College, Kollam. The primary objective is to determine the prevalence and nature of ADRs and secondary objective to assess the causality, severity, and preventability of the ADRs.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study done in the Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Kollam, 1000 patients of either sex were analyzed using CDSCO ADR reporting forms and the approved scales for causality, severity, and preventability.
Results: Among 1000 patients studied, the prevalence of ADRs was 7.6%. The most common system involved were dermatological (41%) followed by cardiovascular (18%) and gastrointestinal and neurology (16% each). Majority of the ADRs came under probable (48.7%) with a Naranjo score of 5 (40.8%), of moderate severity (65.8%) and not preventable (71.1%).
Conclusion: ADRs pose a major problem needing hospital stay or prolonging the duration of stay. Developing an ongoing ADR reporting system with continuous motivation and creating awareness among the healthcare professionals for reporting suspected ADRs will help to continue reporting and improving the patient safety. Improved communication of health-care professionals with the pharmacovigilance centers should be promoted for better patient healthcare.
CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF BISPECTRAL INDEX TO REDUCE THE RISK OF AWARENESS FOR ELECTIVE SURGICAL PATIENTS UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: DIKKALA DURGASHEKAR BABU , VAMSHI YASWANTH  , GUNTREDDY AMAN SAI
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to reduce the risk of intraoperative awareness (IA) for patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia.
Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 98 adult patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia to assess IA using bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. The study was carried out from October 2019 to February 2021 after obtaining consent from the institutional ethics committee.
Results: In our study, using BIS monitoring percentage of patients remembering anything in between the operation is only 1.03% and percentage of patients not dreaming during the operation is about 98.97%. BIS monitoring is safe and has predictable values in the depth of anesthesia for reducing the IA in general anesthesia.
Conclusion: We conclude that BIS monitoring would be a helpful tool in reducing the risk of awareness for patients undergoing surgeries under general anesthesia.
PREVALENCE OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: KADAM ROHAN , KUMAR SUDEEP , KANAWADE TUSHAR , RS JOSHI
Published: December 2023

Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were as follows: (1) To study the prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) in diabetic and non-diabetic population attending the tertiary care hospital. (2) To investigate the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and latent TB, evaluating the prevalence of positive tuberculin tests and assessing glycemic parameters in diabetic patients with latent TB.
Methods: This was a single-center, hospital-based, observational, and comparative study conducted in the department of general medicine of a tertiary care medical college. One hundred and thirty-six diabetic patients of either gender or 137 healthy individuals acting as control group were included in this study on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were evaluated by detailed history and clinical examination. The diagnosis of latent TB was based on a positive tuberculin test without any clinical features of active TB. The prevalence of latent TB infection was compared in both the groups. p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: Patients in both the groups were found to be comparable in terms of gender distribution and mean age. Predominant patients were found to have type 2 DM. The mean duration of DM was noted to be 91.58±60.68 months. The most common diagnoses of patients in non-diabetes group were COVID-19 (9.49%), neurological diseases (8.76%), infections (7.3%), acute myocardial infarction (6.57%), and iron deficiency anemia (5.84%). About 21.32% of cases in DM group were noted to have latent TB, while the proportion of latent TB was noted to be 7.30% in the non-diabetes group. The mean fasting blood sugar, mean post-prandial blood sugar, as well as mean HbA1c were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the subgroup with latent TB versus the subgroup without latent TB.
Conclusion: Individuals with diabetes mellitus were found to have increased risk of latent TB infection. In addition, male gender and elevated glycemic parameters were found to be key factors associated with latent tuberculous infection in diabetes.
ASD Detection System
Authors: Alagi Prof. Sangeeta , Shukla Vishakha , Sonawne Vinay , Shinde Kaveri , Shaikh Rahil , Narwade Sumit
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that presents a wide range of challenges for affected individuals and their families. Early detection and intervention are crucial in improving outcomes for individuals with ASD. This abstract introduces the development of an innovative ASD detection system, which combines advanced technology and machine learning techniques to assist in early diagnosis. The ASD detection system leverages various data sources, including behavioral observations, medical records, and genetic information, to create a comprehensive profile of individuals at risk for ASD. It utilizes sophisticated machine learning algorithms to analyze and interpret this data, aiming to identify subtle patterns and markers associated with ASD. The system's user-friendly interface allows healthcare professionals to input and access data easily, streamlining the diagnostic process.
Machining (A Case Study) - Nature of Different Tools
Authors: Singh Aditya Kumar , Solanki Ajay , Gupta Arnav
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Metal cutting and forming depend heavily on machining, also on tool nature which is very important , which is a significant component of metal working. Machine tools, in particular cutting tools, are crucial for efficient metal cutting in machining. This is as a result of their contributions to the creation of various shapes and forms.
Not Supposed to be Born?
Authors: Schwartz Agatha , Sethna Christabelle , Carron Danielle Lyn
Published: December 2023

Drawing from two published literary narratives, the German wartime diary by Anonymous, A Woman in Berlin, and the novel based on women’s testimonies of war rape and unwanted pregnancies in Bosnia by Slavenka Drakulić, S.: A Novel About the Balkans, in addition to published testimonies and unpublished interview data by now young adult (in the case of Bosnia) and elderly (in the case of Germany) children born of war rape (CBOWR), this article examines the intergenerational impact of wartime sexual violence. Applying feminist narrative analysis, the authors demonstrate the situation of “impossible motherhood” and experiences of children who were not supposed to be born. The article focuses on the narrative process marked by trauma but also by agency and resilience so as to challenge dominant stories of war and unwanted pregnancy following rape in armed conflict. The authors propose a resolution of tensions around the ethnic identity of CBOWR along their maternal lineage rather than the imposition of the paternal heritage of the enemy.
Sensory and physicochemical attributes of chocolate soft candy with different gelling agents.
Authors: Rahman Taufik , Putri Siti Khudaifanny Dasa Febrianti Asna
Published: December 2023

Indonesia is one of the cocoa-producing countries. One of the modifications of processed cocoa is chocolate soft candy. This study aimed to determine the effect of the type of gelling agent on the sensory and physicochemical characteristics of chocolate soft candy. This study used a completely randomized design with one factor using several gelling agents, namely gelatin, carrageenan, and konjac, with the control being soft candy without adding the gelling agent. The analyses included texture, moisture content, ash content, reducing sugar levels, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that adding several types of gelling agents significantly affected the soft candy produced. The highest moisture content of soft candy was the treatment with 12.26% gelatin. The minor ash content added gelatin of 0.71%, and the highest reducing sugar levels added carrageenan of 10.21%. The highest value of taste and texture parameters is obtained by adding konjac soft candy.
GRADO DE ADOPCIÓN DEL E-COMMERCE EN LAS MIPYMES DEL SECTOR SERVICIOS DE ASUNCIÓN–PARAGUAY, A TRAVÉS DEL MODELO EMICA
Authors: Kwan Chung Chap Kau , Ruiz Díaz Myrna
Published: December 2023

El objetivo es analizar el grado de adopción del e-commerce en las Mipymes del sector servicios de Asunción–Paraguay, a través del modelo eMICA. Se basó en un enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal y descriptivo. Se analizó un total de 207 sitios web (72 Microempresas, 79 Pequeñas y 56 Medianas empresas) por conveniencia en el 2023. El mayor grado de cumplimiento en cuanto a las fases fueron Promoción (72%) y Procesamiento (49%), niveles Información Enriquecida (75%) e Información Básica (69%) y atributos Nombre (100%), Logo (97%) y Fotografías (94%) de la empresa. Se concluye que el grado de implementación del e-commerce en las organizaciones de servicios analizadas para el presente estudio mediante el modelo eMICA es relativamente bajo. La adopción del e-commerce dependerá mucho del tipo de servicios que ofrece la empresa como así también la cultura de realizar transacciones online por parte de los clientes.
EVALUACIÓN DE INDICADORES DE CIENCIA, TECNOLOGÍA E INNOVACIÓN DE PARAGUAY
Authors: Arrua Katherin , Fonseca Feris Roberto , Montiel María De las Nieves
Published: December 2023

El estudio evalúa el grado de cumplimiento de las metas delineadas en los objetivos estratégicos de la Política Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (PNCTI) en Paraguay hasta el año 2030. El propósito principal fue analizar el cumplimiento de las metas establecidas en el PNCTI para mejorar los indicadores de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) en Paraguay. Metodológicamente, se llevó a cabo una fase descriptiva inicial, seguida de un análisis comparativo, explicativo, predictivo y proyectivo. El estudio incluyó un análisis prospectivo para proporcionar una visión del futuro en relación con el cumplimiento de la PNCTI y el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 9. Se examinaron las metas establecidas en los objetivos estratégicos de la PNCTI, evaluando el grado de cumplimiento actual como su proyección hasta el año 2030. Como conclusión, se determinó que Paraguay ha logrado avances en ciertos aspectos, no obstante, el país aún enfrenta desafíos significativos para alcanzar las metas fijadas. Resulta crucial aumentar la inversión en Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), fomentar la generación de conocimiento, promover la innovación y fortalecer la apropiación social del conocimiento. Estas acciones son fundamentales para impulsar el desarrollo económico y social del país y así asegurar un futuro más próspero y sostenible.
EVALUACIÓN INTEGRAL DE LAS CONDICIONES EMPRESARIALES
Authors: Cousin Brenes Kathia
Published: December 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo, realizar una reflexión integral sobre una serie de indicadores proporcionados por las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) en diferentes sectores de la Región del Pacífico Central, antes de ser atendidas por el proyecto de trabajo comunal TC 653 de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Es decir, mediante la aplicación de instrumentos como: el cuestionario, la observación y la revisión documental, dentro de una investigación descriptiva, se intentó medir una serie de variables tales como: identificación de la empresa, estructura, actividades desarrolladas y mejora continua para establecer el perfil o caracterización de estas. La investigación no solo representa un diagnóstico de los datos obtenidos, sino también, un llamado a la acción para trabajar en conjunto con otras instituciones, con el fin de identificar soluciones y promover iniciativas más efectivas para este sector empresarial en cuanto a mejorar sus fortalezas y disminuir sus debilidades.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Remaja Putri dengan Perilaku Vulva Hygiene di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta Keluarga Bunda Jambi
Authors: Sari Intan Puspita , Mariana Silvia , Monica Olivia Tri , Rahmah Rahmah
Published: December 2023

Vulva Hygiene is maintaining the cleanliness of the external genital organs. The benefits of vulva hygiene are keeping the vagina clean, comfortable when traveling and to avoid the problem of vaginal discharge in teenagers. This requires good knowledge and attitude. The aim of the research is to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of young women regarding vulva hygiene. This study used an crossectional. The population in this study was 34 students of the Bunda Jambi Family Private Vocational High School (SMKS) with a total sampling technique of 34 samples at the Bunda Jambi Family Vocational School. The research results showed that there was a relationship between attitude (p<.003) and knowledge (p<.023) with vulva hygiene behavior. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between attitudes and vulva hygiene behavior, and there is no relationship between adolescent girls' knowledge and vulva hygiene behavior at the Bunda Jambi Family Vocational School. For this reason, it is hoped that teenagers will implement vulva hygiene behavior correctly, so that they will achieve a sense of comfort and avoid vaginal discharge.
Abstrak
Vulva Hygiene merupakan menjaga kebersihan organ genital eksternal. Manfaat dari kebersihan vulva adalah menjaga vagina tetap bersih, nyaman saat bepergian dan untuk menghindari masalah keputihan pada remaja untuk itu dibutuhkan pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik.  Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri tentang vulva hygiene. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain crossectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Swasta (SMKS) Keluarga Bunda Jambi sebanyak 34 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling sebanyak 34 sampel di SMKS keluarga bunda jambi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya hubungan sikap (p<,003) dan pengetahuan (p<,023) dengan perilaku vulva hygiene. Kesimpulan yaitu terdapat hubungan antara sikap dengan prilaku vulva hygene, dan tidak hubungan pengetahuan remaja putri dengan prilaku vulva hygiene di SMKS Keluarga Bunda Jambi. Untuk itu diharapkan kepada remaja agar menerapkan perilaku vulva hygiene dengan benar, sehingga akan tercapai rasa nyaman dan terhindar dari keputihan.
Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap , Vulva Hygiene.
THE ANALYSIS OF CLASSROOM INTERACTION IN ENGLISH BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS AT A KINDERGARTEN IN JAMBI
Authors: Nurhidayatullah Nurhidayatullah , Hidayat Marzul , Masita Ella
Published: December 2023

Interaction is a fundamental aspect of human life, with communication serving as a key component. In educational settings, classroom interaction plays a crucial role in facilitating effective knowledge transmission and fostering learning experiences. This study focuses on examining the patterns and quality of verbal interaction among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students in a kindergarten classroom. This qualitative case study investigates the dynamics of classroom interaction in English between teachers and students at a kindergarten in Jambi. The research aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the patterns of interaction, describe the types of teacher talk, and explore the characteristics of student talk. Through close observation and analysis, the study reveals compelling findings regarding the dominance of teacher talk, the varied functions of both teacher and student talk, and the emergence of significant themes within the interactions. The results demonstrate that teacher talk holds a prominent role in the classroom, influencing the learning process and managing classroom activities. However, the level of dominance displayed by the teacher varies across different learning activities. Furthermore, the study uncovers distinct types and functions of teacher talk, encompassing accepting feelings, encouraging, accepting students' ideas, asking questions, lecturing, giving directions, criticizing, and silencing. Student talk involved responding, initiating, and silencing.
Errores de estudiantes de primaria en la resolución de problemas con fracciones.
Authors: Padilla-Escorcia Iván Andrés , Rojas-Sandoval Yesika Paola , Palencia-Quiroz Silvia
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de la investigación consistió en caracterizar los principales errores que presentan los estudiantes de tercer grado de primaria en la resolución de problemas con fracciones Método: se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con diseño de estudio de caso, determinado por tres fases (preactiva, interactiva y postactiva) en los cuales se recolectó la información a través de observaciones no participantes, trabajo de campo, prueba diagnóstica y entrevistas semiestructurada a los estudiantes. Los principales resultados evidencian que los estudiantes no cuentan con nociones definidas ni procesos metacognitivos de autorregulación en la resolución de problemas con fracciones, puesto que presentan dificultades para relacionar el lenguaje cotidiano con lenguaje matemático. Se concluyó que los errores presentados por los estudiantes de tercer grado se dan debido a debilidades en las habilidades de análisis, razonamiento e interpretación en la lectura de un problema de contexto.
Aplicación del método de vectores autorregresivos para estimar la oferta de huevos en Colombia
Authors: Cancino Susan Elsa , Cancino-Escalante Giovanni Orlando , Cancino-Ricketts Daniel Francisco
Published: December 2023

El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la oferta de huevos mediante variaciones en su propio precio y del maíz para el periodo 1998-2020 utilizando un modelo multivariado de series temporales. Se utilizó el método de los vectores autorregresivos para la estimación empírica y de acuerdo con los resultados las series de tiempo propuestas fueron integradas de orden uno, estadísticamente significativas, inelásticas y congruentes con la teoría económica. Igualmente, se evidenció la existencia de una relación de causalidad de Granger entre las variables precio del huevo y del maíz con la producción de huevos. Las funciones de impulso respuesta y la descomposición de la varianza identificaron que el precio del huevo no constituye la principal variable que explica los movimientos de la oferta de huevo. Como conclusión se puede argüir que las políticas públicas relacionadas con los precios podrían no ser un instrumento eficaz para incrementar la producción.
Símbolos Matemáticos y Sumas Térmicas
Authors: Cañibano María Alejandra , Aleandro María José , Eliseo D´Andrea Rodolfo
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta didáctica que brinda al estudiante de la carrera de Agronomía la oportunidad de hacer uso del símbolo sumatoria (Ʃ), símbolo utilizado en Matemática para denotar sumas generalizadas. Se desarrollan algunas propuestas didácticas sobre problemas matemáticos aplicados a la Agronomía relacionados con aspectos del clima, que involucran la utilización del símbolo mencionado. En el trabajo se presentan algunas situaciones didácticas para que el estudiante tenga la oportunidad de apropiarse del símbolo sumatoria y paralelamente pueda observar algunas aplicaciones prácticas en problemáticas de naturaleza agronómica. Se busca con problemas simples y de aplicación directa que los alumnos se familiaricen con el uso del símbolo sumatoria y con la notación correspondiente a las variables donde aparecen subíndices. Por otro lado, se hace notar que no siempre se cuenta con contenidos al inicio de la carrera, que permitan el desarrollo y adaptación de estructuras matemáticas abstractas para su comprensión.
Metódica con enfoque computacional para el diseño, modelado y análisis de circuitos con amplificadores operacionales
Authors: Ramírez-Carvajal Luis Eduardo , Puerto-López Karla Cecilia , García-Ortiz Luilly Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Presentamos una metódica con enfoque computacional para el diseño, modelado y análisis de circuitos con amplificadores operacionales en configuraciones: No inversor, Inversor, Diferencial, Sumador e Inversor-Sumador. La metódica está compuesta por una unidad principal donde se elige el tipo de configuración y una unidad secundaria donde se realiza el diseño o análisis de la configuración seleccionada. Se desarrolló una metodología representada a través de un diagrama de flujo y se codificó usando un lenguaje de programación de uso libre. Se realizaron diseños y análisis de circuitos con la herramienta y se simularon dichos circuitos en un software de uso académico avalado por la comunidad científica, el total de pruebas realizadas fue de 10, 2 por cada configuración, obteniendo un error inferior al 1.8% en todas las pruebas. Se concluye que esta herramienta permite llevar a cabo procesos de diseño, modelado y análisis efectivos y en corto tiempo, siendo útil en el ámbito pedagógico y experimental.
Práctica Pedagógica y Concepciones de Profesores de Matemáticas.
Authors: Cordero-Jaime Maryori Rocío , Limas-Berrio Leidy Johana
Published: December 2023

Este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo analizar las características de la práctica pedagógica de los profesores iniciantes en educación básica secundaria. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo con estudio de caso. Como instrumentos de recolección de información se diseñaron y aplicaron tres cuestionarios a 5 profesores graduados del programa Licenciatura en Matemáticas (LM) de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), con experiencia no mayor a 5 años, graduados a partir del 2015, que han ejercido o ejercen la docencia en colegios públicos o privados, en educación secundaria y media; además se realizó la observación de clase de cada participante, con el fin describir las acciones en el aula, examinando actitudes, recursos, metodologías y expresiones relevantes. A la vez, se realizó un modelo de concepciones sobre la matemática basado en las teorías de Ponte (1992) y Godino (2004) considerando el idealismo, instrumentalismo, constructivismo y dinamismo. Esta investigación permitió evidenciar que de acuerdo con la concepción que adopte el profesor así se reflejan sus acciones en el aula de clase. Dentro del idealismo se resalta que en las prácticas pedagógicas la matemática se considera como el conjunto de reglas, hechos y procedimientos; en el instrumentalismo se refleja la importancia de adquirir algunos algoritmos básicos; en el constructivismo se destaca la aplicabilidad de las matemáticas; y el dinamismo muestra la contextualización del saber matemático en la cultura y la sociedad. Finalmente, se considera que la formación de los profesores de matemáticas incide notablemente en las prácticas cuando la experiencia en docencia es mínima y adoptan algunas metodologías de sus profesores tanto de secundaria y media como universitaria.
Appropriation and usage of management control tools: An imperious reconsideration of the behavioral representations of actors in a public organization
Authors: Amrani Hanae , Aftiss Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Nowadays, public organizations are in a state of perpetual change. They are part of the need to improve performance supported by the New Public Management (NPM) trend (El Oussa & Fasly, 2023). In this sense, adherence to this movement is materialized by the insertion of management control tools, which are straddled between the instrumental aspect based on a technicality in relation to specific ends (Martineau, 2014) and the behavioral aspect is the real responsible for the fate of these tools. This paper aims to understand how users use appropriate management control tools, by determining the factors behind their usage behaviors. For this purpose, we have applied an interpretivist epistemology by conducting an exploratory qualitative study in a Moroccan public institution, we carried out semi-structured interviews with 10 members of the audit and management control department. Our results show that there are several modes of usage (solid, fragile, rejection) differing from one actor to another. This divergence in behavior is due to institutional factors, factors linked to the tool’s attributes and socio-psychological factors linked to the user. Our results contribute to enriching the literature by deducing the different usages and modes of appropriation supported by the factors that promote or hinder the implementation of management control tools.
Risk governance and financial performance of public commercial banks of the OECD
Authors: Malik Muddassar
Published: December 2023

This study investigates a relationship between risk governance characteristics and financial performance in public commercial banks across the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Drawing on the upper echelons theory (UET) (Hambrick & Mason, 1984), it hypothesizes a positive relationship between risk governance characteristics and financial performance. An econometric model is applied to a comprehensive dataset of bank-director years spanning from 2001 to 2019. The empirical findings provide robust evidence supporting a positive and statistically significant relationship between risk governance characteristics of bank directors and financial performance in public commercial banks (Adams et al., 2010). Banks with stronger risk governance structures and characteristics exhibit significantly higher financial performance outcomes. The implications of this study are twofold. Firstly, it highlights the crucial role of efficient and effective risk governance practices in boosting financial performance in the banking sector. The research suggests that banks can greatly benefit from robust risk management systems, enhanced board independence, and expanded director expertise. Additionally, the findings provide actionable guidance for bank directors, regulators, and policymakers in shaping risk governance frameworks and policies. These insights indicate that effective risk governance indirectly improves financial performance and bank stability.
ARSLANTEPE GEÇ KALKOLİTİK 3-4 EVRESİ ELİT MAHALLESİNİN MİMARİ SEKANSI
Authors: BALOSSİ RESTELLİ Francesca , Dİ NOCERA Gian Maria , BİANCİFİORİ Elisa , BATİHAN Metin , BAŞARAN MUTLU Meral
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada Arslantepe'nin Geç Kalkolitik Çağ 3-4 (MÖ 3900/3800-3400) evrelerinde inşa edilen ve çakıl taşlı sokakların sürekli kullanımıyla karakterize edilen domestik mahalle tanımlanmakta ve analiz edilmektedir. Komşu bölgelerdeki çağdaş yerleşmelerle yapılan karşılaştırmalar sayesinde her ne kadar mimaride gerçek bir standartlaşma görülmese de muhtemelen Yukarı ve Orta Fırat, Habur ve Yukarı Mezopotamya'yı kapsayan ortak bir yerleşim planlaması ve inşaat teknolojisi geleneği olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Ev donanımları ve materyallerin yanı sıra, ev tabanlarının altındaki ritüel çukurlar ve gömütler, domestik mekanın somutlaştırdığı sembolik değerin ifadesi olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen bu konular kısaca sunulacak ve yorumlanacaktır.
The impact of EU enlargement on the agricultural output and income in the member states
Authors: Kobus Paweł
Published: December 2023

The paper presents an analysis of the impact of the EU enlargement in 2004 on the agricultural output and incomes of the EU Member States. The main aim of the study is to test the significance of difference of reaction to enlargement in three distinct groups of members, namely the ‘old’ fifteen Member States, the ‘new’ ten Member States which accessed the EU on May 1st 2004, and the two ‘newest’ Member States, i.e. Romania and Bulgaria which accessed the EU on January 1st 2007. For the purpose of description of different countries behaviour a linear mixed model was applied.
Mierzenie wartości efektów polityki rozwoju wsi i rolnictwa
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław
Published: December 2023

Celem pracy jest proba wskazania na potrzebę i możliwości oceny i mierzenia efektywności wydatkow na rolnictwo generowanych przez Wspolna Politykę Rolną Unii Europejskiej. Podjęto kwestię tworzenia wartości dodanej przez WPR odnosząc sią głownie do polityki rozwoju wsi. Zarysowano ewolucję WPR w kontekście stosowanych celow, instrumentow i źrodeł finansowania. We wnioskach wskazano na złożoność takiej oceny i warunki, ktore powinny być spełnione aby ją przeprowadzć