bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Income Generation of Non-wood Forest Products in an Innovative Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry System
Authors: Toledo Marcos M. , Santos Diego P. , Frazão José M. F. , Figueiredo Fábio A. , Costa Joaquim B.
Published: August 2020

The wide extension area occupied by babassu palm (Atallea speciosa Mart. Ex Spreng) is usually considered as an important obstacle for agricultural activities, such as crop production and pasture maintenance in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the non-wood forest product use and income generated in an Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry (ICLF) system using babassu palm as the main forestry component in a rural area of Pindaré-Mirim, a municipality of Maranhão state, in the Amazon Eastern Region, Brazil. In order to rise a well-balanced agroforestry system in numerous rural areas of the country, three main questions were addressed in this study: 1) What is the production of babassu fruits in the system? 2) Is the babassu extractivism income economically suitable for traditional communities of women babassu breakers? 3) Which commercialization scenario of NWFP could generate more income? Data on phenology and fruit production, processing of all fruit components, and commercialization of babassu products were collected in two 12-month seasons of palm production (2017/2018 and 2018/2019). The mean fruit production reached 2,345.49 kg ha-1 season-1, resulting in an estimate of income generation ranging from R$ 8,206.96 ha-1 season-1 to R$ 36,628.54 ha-1 season-1, depending on the commercialization scenario. These numbers were compared to the statewide monthly income per household of R$ 605.00 and to the per capita monthly income of 54% of the municipality of less than R$ 499.00. The real field data and the estimates for two seasons of using babassu palm, as the innovative forestry component in ICLF system, demonstrated that babassu NWFP could generate substantial income for the surrounding user communities. Such innovative agricultural system may contribute to change people understanding, diversifying agrarian production, improving the socioeconomic household welfare, and reducing the long-term conflicts between livestock activities and babassu palm existence in Brazil.
Physiological Quality of Salvia hispanica L. Seeds at Differents Paraquat Application Moments
Authors: Lezcano Aquino Y. M. , Ayala Aguilera L. , Añazco E. , Peña Alvarenga P. V. , González Vera M. J. , Sarubbi Orué H.
Published: August 2020

Chía (Salvia hispanica L.) seed contains more oil and protein than other grains, has a high content of omega-3 linolenic acid, essential for human nutrition. Paraguay is currently among the five largest chía producer countries in the world, with 80 000 ha planted in 2013. The experiments were carried out during the months of March and October of 2017, the field work was made in the district of Chore-San Pedro, Paraguay departament, and laboratory evaluations in the Seed Analysis and Quality Laboratory of Agrarian Sciences, National University of Asunción-Paraguay. The objective of this investigation was to determine the physiological quality effect on chia seeds with differents paraquat moments application. The variables study consisted in evaluate the seeds germinative power, calculate the vigor by measuring length of seedlings and accelerated aging, also estimate different harvest times yield. The randomized complete blocks design was used with 4 treatments with 4 repetitions. The obtained results were analyzed by ANOVA and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The Paraquat herbicide was applied as a desiccant to accelerate and standardize the chia harvest at different maturing times, called as early, middle and late. In all the analyzed variables it is shown that the early application obtained the best results concluding that the application of paraquat in early harvest favors the yield and the final quality of the seeds.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 9
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: August 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 9, 2020.
The Viability and Potential of Smallholder Sweet Potato Enterprises as a Food Security Measure in Rural Communities of South Africa
Authors: Ndou Portia , Taruvinga Bridget , Plooy Christian P. du
Published: August 2020

The Agricultural Research Council in partnership with the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform are engaged in promoting the establishment of sustainable Sweet Potato Enterprise projects in South Africa. This study sought to investigate the viability of smallholder sweet potato enterprises for the South African rural communities. Formal market surveys and Gross margin analysis were utilised in addressing the research questions. Results of the study indicate that both the sweet potato vine nurseries and growers stand a significant chance to gain considerable amount of income from sweet potato enterprises. Sweet potato vines had a gross margin of between R219,000.00 and R226,000.00 while the sweet potatoes attracted an average gross margin of R47,000.00/ha. Coupled with the potential to create employment and provide access to the nutritious sweet potato cultivars, sweet potato enterprises can potentially improve food security among the rural poor in South Africa, indirectly extending benefits even to those who are not directly involved in production. This study recommends support of smallholder farmers through training and infrastructure development, as well as creation of awareness among rural people of the benefits of sweet potatoes.
Glauconitic Siltstone as a Source of Potassium, Silicon and Manganese for Flooded Rice
Authors: Arrieta Rafael Gómez , Gualberto Camila de Andrade Carvalho , Prudente Thiago Siqueira , Santos Gustavo Alves , Silveira Luiz Henrique , Nicchio Bruno , Pereira Hamilton Seron
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of glauconitic siltstone as a multi-nutrient source for flooded rice. Two experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions, one using a Ferralsol and the another an Arenosol. Glauconitic siltstone was applied in different doses (0, 5, 20, 40, and 80 mg dm-3 K2O) and potassium chloride, wollastonite, and manganese sulfate were respectively used as standard sources, at doses of 80 mg dm-3 K2O, 270 mg dm-3 Si, and 2 mg dm-3 Mn. The sources were incubated for 90 days on the two soil types and, after the incubation period, rice plants were sown, and two consecutive rice growths were performed. The application of glauconitic siltstone in tropical soils promotes increases in the plant and grain dry matter of rice plants, as well as K, Si and Mn contents in soil samples and accumulated in plants. Greater effects following the application of glauconitic siltstone are obtained after the second rice growth due to its gradual release.
Burushaski Shepherd Vocabulary of Indo-European Origin
Authors: Čašule Ilija
Published: August 2020

The etymological analysis of Burushaski shepherd vocabulary shows that almost all the pastoral terms in this language are of IndoEuropean origin (some thirty independently of Indic and Iranian), with a significant proportion showing close correlations with the Paleobalkanic substratal shepherd terms. Considering the conservatism of this semantic field and together with the precise, specific and systematic phonological, grammatical and lexical correspondences, this is further evidence for the Indo-European and Balkan origin of Burushaski.
Medieval Haṭhayoga Sādhana: An Indigenous South Asian Bio-Therapeutic Model for Health, Healing and Longevity Healing and Longevity
Authors: Goldberg Ellen
Published: August 2020

This paper looks at the medieval practice of hahayoga specifically in terms of its contribution to bio-therapeutic paradigms for health and longevity. The canonical or root texts of hahayoga clearly document a complex of embodied strategies that are considered immensely important to indigenous healing practices. An outline of the yogic body and an analysis of two advanced practices called khecari mudra and kevala kumbhaka are provided to show how this specialized path to optimum health culminates in the hahayoga notion of divine body or divya deha.
The Dangari Tongue of Choke and Machoke: Tracing the proto-language of Shina enclaves in the Hindu Kush
Authors: Liljegren Henrik
Published: August 2020

Data from four little-studied varieties of Indo-Aryan (Southern Palula, Northern Palula, Sawi and Kalkoti) spoken in the Hindu Kush is analyzed and discussed from a historical-comparative perspective. Evidence is presented showing that Kalkoti, until recently only tentatively classified, is part of this particular cluster of closely-related Shina varieties. An attempt is made at reconstructing some phonological and grammatical features of a common source speech, here named Proto-Dangari, and the order in which the present-day varieties may have split off. An important conclusion drawn is that Southern and Northern Palula probably are more distantly related than present-day similarities seem to indicate, the high degree of synchronic similarity instead being due to relatively recent convergence taking place in southern Chitral. It is hypothesized that the present speech communities are the result of two different westward routes of migration, one geographically linking Southern Palula (Ashreti) and Sawi with Chilas, the other linking Northern Palula (Biori) and Kalkoti with Tangir, both located in the same general area of the main Indus Valley.
Book Reviews Acta Orientalia 70
Authors: Orientalia Acta
Published: August 2020

Book reviews in Acta Orientalia 70
Perilous Life Views: Suicide, Morality and the Rise of the Individual in May Fourth China
Authors: Svarverud Rune
Published: August 2020

Individualism, imported as an intellectual current from the West, entered the Chinese discourse during late imperial times in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The early Chinese interpretation and representation of individualism was closely related to ideas of China’s national survival in what was perceived as a Darwinian battle for survival between nations. During the May Fourth Movement starting in 1919, individualism for many prominent intellectuals took on new perspectives, interpreting the individual as an ultimate end of political and social life. With the introduction of Marxist thought and the rise of socialism as a political movement individualism was, however, again in China attached to collective interests related to society at large, to nation and to the world community of socialism. The aim of this article is to focus on interpretations of the individual, on the morality and the social responsibilities of the individual, in a Chinese debate on suicide around the May Fourth Movement in 1919. By focussing on the debate on the rights and wrongs of suicide, I hope to be able to show how notions of the individual and his or her relationship to family and society at this time carried connotations from the early forms of individualism in China as well as bearing witness of the growing interest in the social theories of Marxism to become so prominent in the decades to come. I intend to show that the May Fourth period contains different interpretations of the individual and individual morality and that these interpretations may be attached to different generations of intellectuals in China at this time. My interpretation of this debate will show that individualism was a very strong current among student intellectuals in China around 1919. That current was, however, short-lived as the teacher generation of intellectuals during the May Fourth, prominently concerned with collective social and political questions, dominated the period to come when Socialism gained momentum as the main intellectual current in the 1920s and ’30s.
After All, I Am the Trangpha. Oppositional Strategies in Shina Radio Dialogues from Gilgit
Authors: Degener Almuth
Published: August 2020

The following article intends to be a contribution to the study of conflict talk, based on materials in the Shina language from radio dialogues broadcast in the 1980s. Shina is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic group. Shina has been studied by linguistically interested scholars since the nineteenth century and more intensively in the twentieth century.2 The first attempts to develop it as a literary language were made in the 1960s. Gilgiti Shina, the language used in the radio features, is spoken in the fertile valley of the Gilgit River, with the greatest number of speakers living in the environs of Gilgit town, Northern Pakistan. Gilgit is a major hub for mountaineering expeditions to the Karakoram. Its population is of various ethnic affiliations, and besides Shina several other languages are spoken, some of them not genetically related to Shina. Most of the inhabitants of Gilgit are Muslim. The stress of the article is on how facethreatening is dealt with in conflict discourse with two participants. In the process it will be shown how discourse strategies familiar from western languages and ancient rhetoric and culturally determined tendencies combine to form a distinctive argumentative style. It is suggested that the character of the radio dialogues is such as to help radio listeners reflect on the role of the people of Gilgit in modern times against the background of their cultural, religious and social heritage.
Characteristics of East Asian Meditation
Authors: Eifring Halvor
Published: August 2020

The aim of this article is threefold: It attempts to 1) identify the characteristics of East Asian forms of meditation, as compared to meditation in other parts of the Eurasian continent; 2) test the usefulness of a definition of meditation as a self-administered technique for inner transformation; and 3) test the usefulness of a classification of meditation techniques based on generic features of the meditation object, in particular location (external vs. internal), agency (spontaneous vs. produced), and faculty (cognitive vs. sensory). While the variation among East Asian forms of meditation is considerable, they (along with Indic forms) are often more technical and less consistently devotional than their Western counterparts, and less often sound-based than their Indic counterparts. In a number of ways, both the definition and classification system suggested turn out to be helpful in the analysis of East Asian forms of meditation.
Zu jukagirisch łokił ~ łokkił „Pfeil”
Authors: Knüppel Michael
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the Kolyma-Yukaghir term łokił ~ łokkił “(blunt) arrow”, its possible origin in the context of terms for arrows in other Siberian languages, as well as in that of hunting terminology. The author with others (like K. Vilkuna, N. Poppe etc.) traces it back to Tungus languages and discusses its character as a taboo-word.
Chinese origin of the term pagoda: Liang Sicheng’s proposed etymology
Authors: Tien David Robbins
Published: August 2020

Western reference works regard the architectural term pagoda as being of uncertain origin, but an overlooked etymology proposed by Liang Sicheng convincingly solves the mystery: The word is Chinese, with the literal meaning “eight” (pa) “cornered” (ko) “tower” (t’a). As Liang Sicheng (who together with his wife pioneered the serious study of classical Chinese architecture) pointed out: “The octagonal pagoda, which first appeared in the Tomb Pagoda of Ching-tsang in 746, was the first “pa-go-da” in the real sense of the term.” This 746 date is of course centuries before the first appearance of pagoda in a European language, viz. 1516 in Portuguese, so the chronology presents no problems. In a speculative vein I would add that a specific pagoda constructed later (be-tween 1597 and 1600) probably played an important role in helping the term to become entrenched in English and other European languages: the Pazhouta, standing in the Pearl River Estuary. Also, besides the architectural term pagoda in China, there are similar sounding words used elsewhere (pa-god, pagotha, pagoda, etc.) pertaining to pagan deities or idols – very possibly homonymous with the Chinese architectural word but not its source.
Book Reviews Acta Orientalia 77
Authors: Orientalia Acta
Published: August 2020

Book reviews in Acta orientalia 77
Architecture and Living Traditions Reflected in Wooden Rafters of Śrīvilliputtūr Temple
Authors: Mathew Deepak John , Rajukalidoss Parthiban
Published: August 2020

The present article cursorily examines the wooden images set in exterior hall of the Vaṭapatraśāyī complex. The temple priests told me these images were part of an old temple car, tēr that existed in the nineteenth century. A collection of 135 wooden sculptures is packed in this hall of which select specimens are reported. Each image is supposed to be housed in a vimāna. The unique features of the images vis-à-vis their architectural setting is investigated. It is understood the different Mūrtis appearing in the sculptural illustrations are likely to represent the presiding gods of Vaiṣṇava divyadeśas at Śrīvilliputtūr, Māliruñcōlai, Araṅkam/Śrīraṅgam, Vēṅkaṭam/Tirumala-Tirupati, Dvārakā, Śālagrāma and so on. The vimāna typologies seem to represent the models popular in South Asian art. Architectural drawing of the examined specimens is designed to facilitate better understanding of the religious traditions of the Indian subcontinent. Parthiban’s doctoral thesis on the architectural setting of the Śrīvilliputtūr includes a survey of the sculptural wealth of the Great Temple (Tamil peruṅkōyil) dedicated to Āṇṭāḷ and Vaṭapatraśāyī. A number of architectural drawings are presented to pinpoint the programme of images within the macro twin-temple and the micro maṇḍapas or other parts where icons are accommodated.
M. Siderits and S. Katsura (eds.). Nāgārjuna’s Middle Way. Mūlamadhyamakakārikā.
Authors: Oetke Claus
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hartmann, Jens-Uwe und Thomas O. Höllmann. Wörterbuch der tibetischen Schriftsprache, 22 fascicles (to be continued).
Authors: Kværne Per
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recuperação saudável
Authors: Zandavalli Rafaela Brugalli , Floss Mayara , Barros Enrique Falceto
Published: August 2020

A maior mobilização recente da comunidade da saúde em relação ao meio ambiente ocorreu este ano. Consistiu em uma carta assinada por mais de 350 organizações de saúde de todo o mundo, incluindo importantes organizações de Medicina de Família e Comunidade. Isto demonstra o crescente entendimento da comunidade científica e da saúde acerca da saúde planetária.
Theoretische Volkswirtschaftslehre
Authors: Richter Rudolf
Published: August 2020

Theoretical economics is the foundation of political economics. Its meaning lies in the area between private exchange and public coercion. In summary: control of individual behavior by coercion or control by free bargaining. It is, basically, a problem of rhetoric’s, not of science. To participate in the debate requires knowledge of the relevant arguments such as the theories of Walras or Keynes, Marx or Lenin. Boned up school knowledge does not help much.
Pulmonary Artery Dissection Post-blunt Thoracoabdominal Trauma
Authors: Quesada Daniel , Morsky Larissa , Jones Amber , Capote Allan
Published: August 2020

Background: Pulmonary artery dissection is a rare condition that is usually diagnosed in patients exhibiting chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension, congenital heart abnormalities or secondary to iatrogenic injury. Diagnosis is often made at autopsy as many patients experience sudden death when the pulmonary artery dissection progresses rapidly and ruptures into the pericardium, resulting in acute cardiac tamponade.

Case Presentation: We report a case of pulmonary artery dissection, which resulted from blunt thoracic trauma diagnosed in the emergency department.
48-year-old with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Gil Holly , Finn Ryan , Raukar Neha
Published: August 2020

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old male who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of an upper respiratory infection was seen at an urgent care, he had a negative chest radiograph and was discharged. With no other cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the state, the patient presented to the emergency department two days later with worsening shortness of breath.

Discussion: There are a variety of findings on both chest radiograph and computed tomography of the chest that suggests COVID-19.
Carotid Artery Dissection as a Result of Penetrating Ear Trauma
Authors: Peairs Nicholas , Stillings Joel
Published: August 2020

Case Presentation: Here we present the case of a previously healthy 67-year-old female with carotid artery dissection as a result of penetrating ear trauma.

Discussion: Carotid artery dissection can result from unusual mechanisms of injury and present without typical symptoms or exam findings. If left untreated, devastating neurologic sequela can occur. Physicians must have a low threshold to obtain vascular imaging to appropriately manage such cases.
Rectal Foreign Body Removal in the Emergency Department: A Case Report
Authors: Nesemann Samuel , Hubbard Kimberly , Siddiqui Mehdi , Fernandez William
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Rectal foreign bodies (RFB) pose a challenge to emergency physicians. Patients are not often forthcoming, which can lead to delays to intervention. Thus, RFBs require a heightened clinical suspicion. In the emergency department (ED), extraction may require creative methods to prevent need for surgical intervention.

Case Report: The authors present a case of a successful extraction of a RFB in the ED and review of the literature.

Conclusion: Retained RFBs are an unusually problematic reason for an ED visit. Thus, it is important for emergency physicians to be comfortable managing such cases appropriately.
The Passage and Happening of Time in Levinas’s Otherwise than Being
Authors: Laferté-Coutu Mérédith ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

What can the passage of time mean for Levinas? Is there a passage of diachronic time? In its many iterations (passage, le se passer, se passe, and passe), passage—an expression that easily goes unnoticed, for it is ordinary, perhaps self-evident, yet almost pervasive in the French language—turns out to be at play throughout Levinas’s last major work. This paper traces the role of the notion in Otherwise than Being and shows its stakes for the remarkably numerous topics that it connects: Levinas’s critique of Husserlian temporality, the relation between the Infinite and the finite, as well as, most generally, justice and the ethical relation itself. Specifically, because the equivocal expression “se passer ” means both passing and happening, diachronic time not only passes but happens.
French Mediterranean islands as a refuge of relic earthworm species: Cataladrilus porquerollensis sp. nov. and Scherotheca portcrosana sp. nov. (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae)
Authors: Marchán Daniel F. , Decaëns Thibaud , Díaz Cosín Darío J. , Hedde Mickaël , Lapied Emmanuel , Domínguez Jorge
Published: August 2020

The area comprising the Pyrenees, Northeast Spain, Southern France and Corsica-Sardinia supports a large part of the diversity of Lumbricidae earthworms, including most species of the endemic genera Prosellodrilus, Cataladrilus and Scherotheca. In this region, the probability of encountering new species for science is significant, especially in scarcely sampled localities. In this study, we describe two unidentified species recently collected in the Hyères Archipelago (France), which we assigned to the genera Cataladrilus and Scherotheca based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Other species of Scherotheca from Montpellier (including the type species of the genus, Sc. gigas gigas) were included in the analysis to clarify their conflicting systematics. A reduced molecular marker set (COI, 16S, 28S and ND1) proved as successful as larger marker sets for identifying phylogenetic relationships within the Lumbricidae. Remarkable disjunctions between both Cataladrilus porquerollensis Marchán & Decäens sp. nov., Scherotheca portcrosana Marchán & Decäens sp. nov. and their most closely related relatives, suggesting a strong influence of paleogeographic events on the earthworm fauna of the area and a possible role of near-shore islands as refugia for relict taxa. Genetic distances and branch lengths supported the elevation of some subspecies of Scherotheca to specific status as well as the retention of other subspecies, highlighting the importance of testing for such delimitation with molecular methods.
The First Days of Geometry
Authors: Nirode Wayne
Published: August 2020

Students use movement and tracing paper to determine sets of points that are equidistant from two points, from two intersecting lines, and from a line and a point not on the line.
All the Way Around a Circle: An Angle Lesson
Authors: Cullen Amanda L. , Lawton Carrie A. , Patterson Crystal S. , Cullen Craig J.
Published: August 2020

In this lesson, third graders were asked how many degrees is a full rotation around a circle. After we gave students time and space to disagree, to make and test conjectures, and to explore, they reasoned about angle as turn and determined a full rotation is 360 degrees.
Problems to Ponder
Authors: Katt Susie , Korponic Megan
Published: August 2020

Problems to Ponder provides 28 varied, classroom-ready mathematics problems that collectively span PK–12, arranged in order of grade level. Answers to the problems are available online.
GPS: Pattern Recognition to Explore Mathematical Structure
Authors: Asli Özgün-Koca S. , Enlow Matt
Published: August 2020

In this month’s Growing Problem Solvers, we aimed to help students explore patterns where they pay attention to the mathematical structures behind those patterns.
The crisis of capitalism in the 21st Century
Authors: Roberts Michael
Published: August 2020

As the world economy enters its third decade of the 21st century, the Long Depression in investment, output, and income growth seems set to continue as the profitability of capital remains near historic lows. There are some key challenges over the next 20 years: climate change and global warming, and huge inequalities which create enormous social tensions. All these factors threaten the ability of the US to maintain its hegemonic position. The rivalries between the big capitalist powers will increase, particularly between the US and China. A new globalizing wave is likely to take place, since there are still enormous human masses which can be expropriated and socially made available for the sale of labor force; and new technological innovations will always arise, providing new cycles for the expansion of value and surplus value. So, capitalism could get a further kick forward. However, imperialism is faced with two major weaknesses. The first is the tendency for the profit rate to fall, which imposes an increase in rivalry on the world market and even dangerous wars. The second is the global proletariat, which continues to grow throughout the world. Crises will reoccur at regular intervals with the accumulation of capital, and the longer capital accumulates, the more difficult it will be for it to deliver the needs and desires of humanity.Keywords: Crises. Imperialism. Globalisation. Profitability.
Quando o capital vai às compras: direitos sociais, privatização e a acumulação capitalista
Authors: Granemann Sara
Published: August 2020

A hipótese que temos trabalhado há algum tempo, nas pesquisas em curso, toma em análise, por ser determinante, a função econômica do Estado. Função econômica que no modo de produção capitalista sempre existiu, mas que se metamorfoseou no seu evolver e, atualmente, ocupa uma centralidade nos tempos de normalidade e nos momentos de crise que não se pode ignorar para a compreensão da acumulação capitalista na sua totalidade. A previdência social – um direito da classe trabalhadora – é submetida a exóticas alterações para que se transforme no seu contrário – numa forma capital – é observada como fenômeno concreto para tentar atualizar modos de ser do Estado burguês em nossos dias.Palavras-chave: Ajuste econômico-social. Acumulação capitalista. Capital fictício.
Classe e racismo na formação social brasileira
Authors: Lara Ricardo , Barcelos Jonaz Gil
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir introdutoriamente a intrínseca relação entre classe e raça na formação do povo trabalhador brasileiro. Para isso, abordaremos aspectos concernentes à figura do negro como escravo e, posteriormente, como trabalhador assalariado. Destacaremos questões que consideramos fundamentais para o entendimento do conceito de classe, entendendo que para essa discussão, na especificidade brasileira, a análise do racismo torna-se imprescindível para não cometermos equívocos no estudo da sociedade de classes.Palavras-chave: Trabalho. Classes sociais. Racismo.
Filosofia da práxis na constituição da hegemonia da classe trabalhadora segundo Gramsci
Authors: Gabriel Fábio Antonio , Pereira Ana Lúcia , Monteiro Tatiane Skeika
Published: August 2020

Gramsci avança em relação à interpretação de Marx, que fundamenta suas reflexões sobre a exploração da classe dominada pela classe dominante. Em contribuição às análises de Marx, Gramsci desenvolve uma interpretação original, destacando o papel dos intelectuais orgânicos no processo revolucionário por meio da conquista da hegemonia. O presente artigo tem como objetivo, portanto, investigar as contribuições de Antonio Gramsci para a Educação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a qual buscou analisar alguns conceitos importantes para Gramsci, como a escola unitária. Como resultados, destaca-se que compete ao espaço escolar, por meio de intelectuais orgânicos, formar as futuras gerações e esclarecer os filhos da classe trabalhadora sobre os processos de dominação da classe burguesa, de forma a emancipá-los da dominação. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo demonstra, conforme Gramsci, o não aceite de uma escola para a classe trabalhadora e outra para a elite. É necessário que prevaleça a escola unitária, capaz de proporcionar à classe trabalhadora iguais oportunidades de realização e de apropriação do saber e da cultura.Palavras-chave: Hegemonia. Práxis (Filosofia). Educação - Filosofia.
Narrativas sobre a formação docente para a escola primária de Santa Catarina (1935-1965)
Authors: Kantovitz Geane
Published: August 2020

O artigo apresenta a narrativa de professoras integrantes de uma congregação religiosa católica feminina, em sua gênese denominada Companhia das Catequistas, instituída em Rodeio (SC). Por meio de suas memórias, abordo o processo de formação docente desse grupo de professoras que estiveram presentes no cenário educacional catarinense na segunda metade do século XX. Em termos teóricos e metodológicos, sob as lentes de Berger e Luckmann (1985), procuro compreender como essa instituição construiu uma historicidade e adquiriu uma identidade religiosa e escolar por meio da formação docente de suas integrantes. Maurice Halbwachs (2003) foi tomado como matriz referencial para a análise relativa à memória coletiva, e Michel Pollak (1989; 1992), na análise referente à relação entre memória e identidade. Além das entrevistas, outros documentos, como, por exemplo, relatórios anuais, crônicas, atas, planos de aula, fichas funcionais, Livros Tombos, imagens e manuais didáticos, foram utilizados como fontes. Nas narrativas, ficou evidente que a formação docente contribuiu para a efetivação dessas professoras na carreira pública no Estado pois elas atendiam à carência de professores em escolas mais distantes, principalmente em áreas rurais. No geral, a formação docente era articulada à identidade religiosa, isto é, a formação docente era compreendida como secundária, o mais importante, para essas religiosas, era a formação católica, quer dizer, ser professora catequista era acima de tudo ser religiosa.Palavras-chave: Formação docente. Memória. Identidade. Professores Cristãos. Companhia das Catequistas - Rodeio (SC).
Os rastros das táticas – análise da movimentação funcional de um professor catarinense (décadas de 1910 - 1920)
Authors: Philippi Carolina Cechella
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tematiza as manobras protagonizadas pelo professor primário Alberto Voigt na tentativa de reabrir sua escola, fechada em meio a iniciativas de nacionalização do ensino catarinense. Para tanto, foi organizada série documental composta por relatórios de governo, periódicos e ofícios expedidos pela Diretoria Geral de Instrução Pública, então dirigida por Henrique da Silva Fontes. Interessou inventariar as práticas do docente, entendendo-as como táticas lançadas em meio a um quadro de crescente burocratização da instrução e da docência. São então utilizadas as categorias de estratégias e táticas tais quais propostas por Michel de Certeau (2009). A análise do caso do professor Voigt faz também pensar o recrudescimento de mecanismos de seleção e recrutamento de professores em meio a um quadro de progressiva nacionalização da instrução catarinense (CAMPOS, 2008; 2006; FIORI, 1975; MOREIRA, 1954). Este artigo, por fim, estabelece uma relação entre esse processo nacionalizador a um maior controle e funcionarização (NÓVOA, 1997) da docência, ligando esses movimentos ao crescente aparelhamento de quadros de gerenciamento burocrático da instrução. Palavras-chave: Educação e Estado - Santa Catarina - História. Burocracia. Professores. Educação - História.
Evidenciação voluntária do capital intelectual: um estudo com empresas do novo mercado
Authors:   Faculdade Estácio de Sá, Gomes Luiza Helena Radtke Reis , Luz Igor Pereira da , Rengel Rodrigo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Published: August 2020

O estudo tem como objetivo investigar os elementos de evidenciação voluntária de Capital Intelectual (CI) extraídos dos Relatórios da Administração (RAs) e identificar a frequência dessa divulgação. A amostra conta com 05 companhias listadas na B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão) pelo segmento Novo Mercado. A pesquisa se caracteriza pela natureza descritiva, o procedimento técnico adotado foi a pesquisa documental e a interpretação dos RAs teve abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Observaram-se os seguintes resultados: 100% das empresas da amostra evidenciaram elementos de CI; elementos como Educação (40%) e Canal de Distribuição (21,62%) obtiveram destaque na frequência da divulgação. A categoria com maior representatividade foi Capital Externo (36%). A companhia JBS S.A. foi a empresa com maior número de elementos de CI divulgados (31). No comparativo feito com pesquisas anteriores, verificou-se o aumento na divulgação, identifica-se maior preocupação pelas empresas em relação à evidenciação do CI. O estudo reforça a ideia sobre a dificuldade de quantificação e mensuração do CI e contribuiu também para que as empresas assumam uma nova postura em relação ao tratamento do CI.
As experiências dos consumidores da terceira idade nas compras em supermercados
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Lima-Filho Dario de Oliveira , Silva Filipe Quevedo Pires de Oliveira e , Matias Marcos José de Almeida ,   Universidade Estadual do Tocantins
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar se a infraestrutura, os serviços e os produtos oferecidos pelos supermercados satisfazem as expectativas dos consumidores da terceira idade. Foi feito um estudo quantitativo-descritivo junto a uma amostra de 100 pessoas com idade superior a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, sendo que a técnica de amostragem utilizada foi não probabilística por conveniência, em três supermercados de Campo Grande - MS. Os dados foram anaçisados por meio de análise fatorial exploratória e análise de agrupamentos. Os resultados demonstram que os três supermercados atendem parcialmente as expectativas dos consumidores. Foram identificados três segmentos de mercado. O segmento 1 é composto por 26% da amostra. Neste grupo, o percentual de mulheres ficou em torno de 73%, a maior parcela recebe um salário mínimo. Este grupo demonstrou estar mais satisfeito que os demais. O segmento 2 é composto por 44% dos entrevistados. O segmento 3 é formado por 30% dos respondentes. Neste segmento 76% dos entrevistados são mulheres. Este grupo é o mais insatisfeito. Apesar desses resultados, faz-se necessário, por parte do varejo, um aprofundamento dos estudos do comportamento do consumidor, para assim atender satisfatoriamente todas as expectativas dos consumidores da terceira idade.
Mesure d’impact d’une variable binaire sur une réponse quantitative dans un cadre non paramétrique
Authors: Wabo Auriol , Planchet Frédéric
Published: August 2020

On propose dans cet article une méthode de quantification de l’effet d’une variable explicative qualitative sur une réponse quantitative plus souple à utiliser que le simple coefficient d’un modèle GLM multiplicatif ; l’objectif est de disposer d’une mesure ne nécessitant pas l’hypothèse de proportionnalité du GLM et complètement décorrélée de l’effet des autres variables explicatives incluses dans le modèle. L’approche est illustrée à l’aide de données de coûts de sinistres matériels automobiles, pour lesquelles on cherche à quantifier l’impact de l’expert qui a évalué le sinistre sur le montant de l’évaluation.
Possibilities of development of ecovillages on the territory of Rostov Region
Authors: Sadkovskaya Oxana
Published: August 2020

The subject of this research is the potential for transformation of diminishing rural settlements into ecovillages. The object of this research is the existing rural settlements with a population of 100-500 people on the territory of Rostov Region. Special attention is given to current challenges faced by the existing system of resettlement, which include the local consequences of climatic changes, anthropogenic influence, pandemic, etc. On the one hand, concentration of resources in the cities ensures their more rational distribution; but on the other hand, the urban lifestyle increases the consumption of various resources. Under current conditions, the ratio of urban and rural residents can be more balanced, since there are all necessary technologies and resources. The research is conducted on the basis of analysis of statistical indexes, assessment of information from geoinformation databases, and documentation of territorial planning. The author analyzes the possibility for transformation of the diminishing rural settlements into ecovillages on the territory of Rostov Region. Recommendations are made on the improvement of the system of resettlement in Rostov Region through development of various types of resettlement. The integration of unprecedented technological capabilities and rural lifestyle can become a new identity characteristic for the XXI century.
Principles of sustainable development of the autonomous island territories of the Gulf of Peter the Great
Authors: Burdina Dar'ya Pavlovna , Kazantsev Pavel Anatolievitch
Published: August 2020

This article explores the prerequisites for sustainable development of island territories of the Gulf of Peter the Great that retained their autonomy from continental Vladivostok – AskoldIsland, Popov Island, Reyneke Island, Rikord Island, Putyanin Island. A brief overview is provided on the development of islands in prerevolutionary and Soviet period, as well as at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries. It is noted, that the initial period of islands territorial development (late XIX – early XX centuries) is characterized with sustainable natural resource management based on consideration of the local landscape, natural and climatic conditions. Computer modeling of the annual course of wind and insolation regime of island territories is conducted for elaboration of the advanced models of sustainable natural resource management. This allowed determining comfort and discomfort landscape areas of the indicated islands for the three main seasons – winter, spring-summer, and summer. Typical terrain contributes to localization of the comfort and discomfort zones. At the same time, comfort and discomfort zone would be specific for each of the three seasons, which should be considered in arranging various types of recreation activities. Based on the results of studying the peculiarities of socioeconomic development of the islands and their landscape-climatic specificity, the author highlights three groups of islands and suggests models of sustainable development for each group: 1) Model of full-scale economic-recreational development with restoration of the collapsed ecological framework  (Popov Island and Putyanin Island); 2) Model of autonomous development with restoration of the collapsed ecological framework (Reyneke Islan); 3) Model of economical development (Askold Island, Rikord Island). The author develops the schemes of territorial development of the islands, and suggests projects on formation of sustainable environment of rural localities and tourist routs.
Civil contracts in the area of air transportation: concept, characteristics, classification
Authors: Markevich Natalia Vasilyevna
Published: August 2020

The subject of this research is the concept, characteristics and interrelation of contracts in the area of air transportation. The article is dedication to understanding of legal nature and key elements of air contracts, specificity of their theoretical and practical application, classification; as well as aimed at creation of integral concept of regulatory system. Such understanding is acquired from a broad context of civil law literature and case law. Reference to the provisions of civil law doctrine allowed presenting an original view upon the subject matter, and propose recommendations on the improvement of aviation legislation. The main conclusion consists in the fact that civil law regulation of contracts in the area of air transportation is characterized by the existence of special contracts with peculiar features, which define the content of aviation legislation. With regards to each contractual construct, there emerge various question not only from the perspective of legal regulation and law enforcement (overbooking in the contract of air transportation of passengers), but also scientific approaches toward determination of the concept and nature of a particular contract (qualification of the shipping agreement as a bilateral or multilateral, legal nature of the shipping agreement for air cargo). The absence of universal understanding and interpretation of concept, contradiction of legislation, existence of legal gaps do not contribute to uniformity of aviation legislation, making it complicated for studying and application. The author also reviewed draft laws on regulation of air transportation and separate clauses thereof. Presented analysis reflects only few problematic aspects in the area of air transportation. The acquired results can be used in theoretical legal research, as well as legislative and practical activities.
To the question on institutional disproportion of the Constitution of the Russian Federation
Authors: Dzhankezov Batyr Makharovich , Chimov Zaur Vladimirovich , Salpagarova Asiyat Alkhazovna , Matakaeva Gul'nara Leonidovna
Published: August 2020

The subject of this research is the structural characteristics of the Constitution of the Russian Federation from the perspective of cross-disciplinary institutional approach. The author describes the peculiarities of application of institutional and neo-institutional methods of analysis in political science and jurisprudence. Two main vectors in application of methodology of institutional analysis in the constitutional-legal research are proposed: internal constitutional analysis of the branch of Russia’s constitutional law; and external institutional analysis, the object field of which includes interaction of the constitution with external environment of public authority and public policy. The author provides arguments for existence of institutional imbalance in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which is substantiated by historical conditions and complexity of the state structure. Scientific novelty of the article is defined by application of cross-disciplinary methodology of institutional analysis towards studying structural specificity of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Peculiarities of implementation of institutional analysis in political scientific and constitutional-legal research are revealed, which opens a new perspective upon correlation between various constitutional norms and institutions contained in the main law of Russia. The examples of institutional imbalance of the Constitution of the Russian Federation are demonstrated: a qualitatively and quantitatively complex model of federative structure; recognition by the Constitution of limited sovereignty of the republics as the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; entrenchment of a broad list of constitutional rights and freedoms without elaboration of the more effective mechanism of their implementation; imbalance between the rights and responsibilities; division of powers between central government and regional governments; absence of sufficient guaranteed of the system of local self-governance, etc. It is noted that to a certain extent, the ongoing constitutional reform eliminates the institutional imbalance of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and the work in this direction should be continued.  
Legislation on direct foreign investment in the Russian Federation and the United States: comparative-legal analysis
Authors: Kudryashova Yuliya Mikhailovna
Published: August 2020

This article analyzes the investment legislation of the Russian Federation and the United States. The subject of this research is the specific normative legal acts regulating direct foreign investments in the indicated countries, while the object is the relations emerging in the process of foreign investment activity.  The author provides the examples of various factors in the area of foreign investment for the purpose of their comparison and determination of specificity of their practical implementation. The reference to doctrinal sources allowed to clearer explain the author’s position of the topic. The scientific novelty and relevance of this work are substantiated by examination of investment activity, which greatly impacts the economy of modern countries. The author’s special contribution lies in studying the experience of U. S. legislation with regards to direct foreign investments. The main conclusion consists in the fact that both jurisdictions have a well-developed mechanism for regulating investment relations, as well as both countries feature a number of restrictions that can face a foreign investor. The need for improvement of Russian legislation is underlined. The acquired results can be used in legislative and expert activity, as well as in further theoretical-legal research.