bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Universal Economic Plan Based Law Constitutions of Kingdom and Nations
Authors: Kavak Mesut
Published: July 2018

In this work, touched on some social issues whatever the result, and a raising awareness was aimed by some new technological upgrades for the vital infrastructures of states, social order and economic plans. The main aim is one world order which has no king and accepts nations as local governance as a requirement of hierarchical order. It is completely based on economic benefits of all nations as there is no alternative to establish a healthy economic order as economic management is directly related with laws. As the important is a law exists or not, or is just or not for justice, also it encourages to develop organic laws in state institutions as it recognizes any state institution as autonomous. No state has this constitution. This work is only an offer.
How to Think About Religious Freedom in an Egalitarian Age
Authors: Tebbe Nelson
Published: July 2018

93 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 353 (2016)Academic works about religious freedom in the United States often begin with a warning that the jurisprudence is in a state of crisis.' According to this convention, something must be done to put the religion provisions of the First Amendment on a firmer foundation.
Recent Japanese Legislation Unconstitutional: Reasons and Consequences
Authors: Kim Thomas N.
Published: July 2018

Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 50 : No. 1, Article 6Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution has undergone many changes in terms of its identity as a pacifistic provision and as the representation of the public will. It is known as the law, along with the preamble, that gives the Japanese Constitution its peace-oriented character.
General Theory of Law and Development
Authors: Lee Yong-Shik
Published: July 2018

Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 50 : No. 3 , Article 2.Although scholarship in law and development that explores the relationship between law and social and economic progress has evolved over the last four decades, this area of inquiry remains unfamiliar to many legal scholars, lawyers, and policy makers. Scholars have not yet been able to develop a theory that systematically explains the interrelationship between law and development, which would establish law and development as a robust and coherent academic field. This Article attempts to fill this gap by presenting a general theory that defines the disciplinary parameters of law and development, and explains the mechanisms by which law impacts development. This Article also demonstrates the validity of this general theory by applying it to an empirical case and also by explaining the development process of South Korea (1962– 1996) under its analytical framework. The concept of development, which has traditionally been associated with developing countries, may also be extended to address economic problems in developed countries today.
Policing Employment Contracts within the Nexus-of-Contracts Firm
Authors: Stone Katherine V.W.
Published: July 2018

43 University of Toronto Law Journal, (1993)
消費税の負担に関する一考察 / A Study on the Burden of the Japanese Consumption Tax
Authors: Tominaga Kazuto
Published: July 2018

The Japanese Consumption Tax, which is an indirect tax, obliges each business that sells a product or service to pay some specified amount to the government, with the expectation that the business transfers the burden to the buyer by raising the price and that the consumer finally bears the whole burden. Several public surveys indicate that the expected price raise does not completely occur in reality, and for that reason, some argue the taxation has the property of being a direct tax borne by the business itself.To discuss the issue, this paper first shows that the general measure used in discussions on the taxation does not properly express tax burden perceived by businesses and consumers as economic entities, and proposes two burden measures that are more proper from the viewpoints of those entities as well as from the aspects of legal theory. By the measures the paper demonstrates that the taxation is nothing but a direct tax borne by businesses in terms of law, and that burden at issue in general discussions regarded as being borne by consumers instead of businesses is different from legal burden.消費税は，その納税義務は事業者が負うが，事業者は税額を価格に上乗せして買い手に税負担を転嫁し，最終的に税負担が消費者に帰着することを予定した間接税である。いくつかの公の調査によって，事業者による税負担の価格への転嫁は，現実には完全には行われていないと見られており，それを理由として，消費税は納税義務者が自らそれを負担する直接税の性質を持っているとの指摘がある。これに対して本稿では，まず消費税についての議論で用いられている負担の尺度が，経済主体たる事業者や消費者の側から見た負担を適切に表さないことを示し，より法的および経済主体の視点から適切と思われる2つの尺度を提案する。それらによって消費税は，法的には事業者が負担する直接税に他ならないこと，そして一般的な議論において，事業者が負わず消費者が負うと見なされている負担が，法的な負担とは異なることを示す。
The Platform is the Message
Authors: Grimmelmann James
Published: July 2018

Facebook and YouTube have promised to take down Tide Pod Challenge videos. Easier said than done. For one thing, on the Internet, the line between advocacy and parody is undefined. Every meme, gif, and video is a bit of both. For another, these platforms are structurally at war with themselves. The same characteristics that make outrageous and offensive content unacceptable are what make it go viral in the first place.The arc of the Tide Pod Challenge from The Onion to Not The Onion is a microcosm of our modern mediascape. It illustrates how ideas spread and mutate, how they take over platforms and jump between them, and how they resist attempts to stamp them out. It shows why responsible content moderation is necessary, and why responsible content moderation is impossibly hard. And it opens a window on the disturbing demand-driven dynamics of the Internet today, where any desire no matter how perverse or inarticulate can be catered to by the invisible hand of an algorithmic media ecosystem that has no conscious idea what it is doing. Tide Pods are just the tip of the iceberg.
The Inter-American Human Rights System: An Effective Institution for Regional Rights Protection?
Authors: Shaver Lea
Published: July 2018

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights are charged with protecting human rights in the Western Hemisphere. This Article explains the workings of this regional human rights system, examining its history, composition, functions, jurisdiction, procedure, jurisprudence, and enforcement. The Article also evaluates the system's historical and current effectiveness. Particular attention is given to the disconnect between the system's success with the region's Latin-American nations and its rejection by Anglo-American States, as well as to the potential to use the system to improve human rights in Cuba.
Corporate Governance as Privately-Ordered Public Policy: A Proposal
Authors: Stout Lynn , Ricci Sergio Gramitto
Published: July 2018

In this Article, we show how our society can use corporate governance shifts to address, if not entirely resolve, a number of currently pressing social and economic problems. These problems include: rising income inequality; demographic disparities in wealth and equity ownership; increasing poverty and income insecurity; a need for greater innovation and investment in solving problems like disease and climate change; the “externalization” of many costs of corporate activity onto third parties such as customers, employees, creditors, and the broader society; the corrosive influence of corporate money in politics; and discontent and loss of trust in the capitalist system among a large and growing segment of the population.We demonstrate how, to a very significant extent, these problems can be traced to the way shares in business corporations are currently owned, traded, and voted. We also offer a plausible plan for shifting the structure of share ownership, trading, and voting to create a more democratic and sustainable capitalism that allows business corporations to better serve humanity. Our proposal, which envisions developing a new form of institutional shareholder, does not rely either on market forces or government interventions. Rather, it relies on voluntary cooperation and the private ordering of free individuals using modern information technologies. It operates to reduce inequalities not only in wealth and income but also in influence over business corporations.
The Neumeier-Schultz Rules: How Logical a "Next Stage in the Evolution of the Law" after Babcock?
Authors: Simson Gary J.
Published: July 2018

56 Albany Law Review 913 (1993)
The New School Segregation
Authors: Wilson Erika K.
Published: July 2018

Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 49 : No. 3 , Article 1 (2016).The South has a long and sordid history of resisting school desegregation. Yet after a long and vigorous legal fight, by the mid-1980s, schools in the South became among the most desegregated in the country. An important but often underappreciated tool that aided in the fight to desegregate schools in the South was the conventional and strategic use of school district boundary lines. Many school systems in the South deliberately eschewed drawing school district boundary lines around municipalities and instead drew them around counties. The resulting county-based system of school districts allowed for the introduction of school assignment plans that crossed racially and economically segregated municipal boundary lines.Some affluent and predominantly white suburban municipalities in the South are threatening to reverse this progress. They are doing so by seceding from racially diverse county based school districts and forming their own predominately white and middle-class school districts. The secessions are grounded in the race-neutral language of localism, or the preference for decentralized governance structures. However, localism in this context is threatening to do what Brown v. Board of Education outlawed: return schools to the days of separate and unequal with the imprimatur of state law.This Article is the first to examine Southern municipal school district secessions and the localism arguments that their supporters advance to justify them. It argues that localism is being used as a race-neutral proxy to create segregated school systems that are immune from legal challenge. It concludes by introducing a normative framework to evaluate the legitimacy of the localism justification for Southern school district secessions specifically and decentralized public education governance structures more broadly.
Risk, Speculation, and OTC Derivatives: An Inaugural Essay for Convivium
Authors: Stout Lynn
Published: July 2018

1 Accounting, Economics, and Law (2011)Speculative trading, including speculative trading in derivatives, is often claimed to provide social benefits by decreasing risk and improving the accuracy of market prices. This assumption overlooks the possibility that speculation can be driven not just by differences in traders' risk aversion and information investments, but also by differences in traders' subjective expectations. Disagreement-based speculation erodes traders' returns, increases traders' risks, and can distort market prices. There is reason to believe that by 2008, the market for OTC derivatives may have been dominated by disagreement-based speculation that contributed to the Fall 2008 credit crisis.
Addressing Social Loafing on Faculty Committees
Authors: Curcio Andrea A. , Lynch Mary A.
Published: July 2018

Scholarly productivity reaps tangible internal and external rewards, while the "reward" for excellent faculty committee work performance often is additional committee work. Some faculty members perform substantial institution-sustaining committee work while others are institutional service work “social loafers”. This essay suggests this traditional workload distribution model may be unsustainable. Innovations in legal education are resulting in increased committee work while reductions in full-time faculty at many schools leave fewer faculty members available to do that work. Those currently doing the lion's share of the work may be unable, or unwilling, to take on additional committee work responsibilities. This article examines methods for avoiding an institutional governance crisis. Grounding the discussion in social science literature, it explores ways to engage more faculty members in committee work by creating accountability structures via smaller committees and evaluation of committee work contributions. It posits that evaluating committee work sets normative standards, potentially changing cultural expectations about institutional committee work participation. The appendix contains a sample committee work contribution evaluative rubric. The article also discusses an equitable solution to disparate committee workloads – providing those who consistently take on significant committee work responsibilities with a temporary release from committee work. This kind of workload release could help level the playing field and allow those who carry heavy committee workloads the opportunity to engage more fully in their scholarship. Throughout, the article discusses the implications of failing to address committee workload inequities and proposes ways to engage more faculty in the work necessary to maintain thriving self-governing educational institutions in today's changing legal environment.Citation: Andrea A. Curcio & Mary A. Lynch, Addressing Social Loafing on Faculty Committees, 67 J. Legal Educ. 242 (2017). Also available at https://jle.aals.org/home/.
Beyond Invention: Patent as Knowledge Law
Authors: Madison Michael J
Published: July 2018

The decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in Bilski v. Kappos, concerning the legal standard for determining patentable subject matter under the American Patent Act, is used as a starting point for a brief review of historical, philosophical, and cultural influences on subject matter questions in both patent and copyright law. The article suggests that patent and copyright law jurisprudence was constructed initially by the Court with explicit attention to the relationship between these forms of intellectual property law and the roles of knowledge in society. Over time, explicit attention to that relationship has largely disappeared from the Court’s opinions. The article suggests that renewing consideration of the idea of a law of knowledge would bring some clarity not only to patentable subject matter questions in particular but also to much of intellectual property law in general.
Countersupermajoritarianism
Authors: Tebbe Nelson
Published: July 2018

113 Michigan Law Review 809 (2015)How should the Constitution change? In Originalism and the Good Constitution, John McGinnis and Michael Rappaport argue that it ought to change in only one way: through the formal mechanisms set out in the Constitution’s own Article V. This is so, they claim, because provisions adopted by supermajority vote are more likely to be substantively good. The original Constitution was ratified in just that way, they say, and subsequent changes should be implemented similarly. McGinnis and Rappaport also contend that this substantive goodness is preserved best by a mode of originalist interpretation.In this Review, we press two main arguments. First, we contend that McGinnis and Rappaport’s core thesis sidesteps critical problems with elevated voting rules. We also explain how at a crucial point in the book — concerning Reconstruction — the authors trade their commitments to supermajoritarianism and formalism away. Second, we broaden the analysis and suggest that constitutional change can and should occur not just through formal amendment, but also by means of social movements, political mobilizations, media campaigns, legislative agendas, regulatory movement, and much more. Changing the Constitution has always been a variegated process that engages the citizenry through many institutions, by way of many voting thresholds, and using many modes of argument. And that variety helps to make the Constitution good.
The Medicines Patent Pool: Promoting Access and Innovation for Life-Saving Medicines Through Voluntary Licenses
Authors: Cox Krista L.
Published: July 2018

Monopolies over many life-saving drugs have led to high prices that remain out of reach for patients in the developing world, leading to a crisis of access over these essential medicines. High intellectual property barriers harm not only access to medicines, but can also impact future innovation. In order to address this problem, a proposal for a "patent pool" emerged that would rely on voluntary licenses by patent holder to enable the production of more affordable generic medicines. This article briefly describes the history of patent pools before focusing specifically on the UNITAID-supported Medicines Patent Pool. It analyzes the specific licenses of the Medicines Patent Pool, noting both the positive aspects and areas where future licenses could be improved. In addition to identifying areas for improvement, this article explores the mechanisms, including those that de-link innovation from monopoly pricing, that can be used to achieve these goals and encourage greater participation in the Medicines Patent Pool.
The Legal Relationship Between Cohabitants and Their Partners' Children
Authors: Bowman Cynthia Grant
Published: July 2018

13 Theoretical Inquiries in Law 127 (2012)This Article argues that U.S. law should give protection to relationships between cohabitants and their partners 'children when necessary to avoid the economic and emotional trauma that may be caused by separation of the child from a member of his or her household if the cohabitation ends. After examining the social science literature about the welfare of both stepchildren and children of cohabitants and the inadequate legal treatment of custody, visitation, and child support issues under current law, the author recommends that cohabiting stepparents (1) be given standing to seek custody if they have acted as de facto parents, with a presumption in favor of custody by the stepparent when the cohabitant who is the child's biological parent has died and the possibility of joint custody in other cases; (2) be awarded visitation if both the ex-cohabitant and child desire it; and (3) be obligated to pay child support for the child if the cohabitation dissolves after a period of two years or more.
General and Particular Jural Relations
Authors: Sherwin Emily
Published: July 2018

A central problem of law is the gap between rules of conduct and reasons for action or decision. From the point of view of a lawmaker, it is often best that those who act under law follow relatively determinate rules that give content to rights, privileges, power, and immunities. Form the point of view of individual actors, and often of judges, reasons for action may not perfectly track the prescriptions of the governing rules. The question addressed here is, from which perspective did Hohfeld view rights, privileges, powers, and immunities?
Unique Identities and Vulnerabilities: The Case for Transgender Identity as a Basis for Asylum
Authors: Wayne Adena L.
Published: July 2018

102 Cornell Law Review 241 (2016)On September 3, 2015, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit suspended the deportation of a transgender Mexican woman because the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA or Board) had failed to consider the “unique identities and vulnerabilities” of transgender women in Mexico. The BIA had instead looked to recent, increased legal protections in Mexico for gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. Accordingly, the BIA had determined that the defendant, Edin Carey Avendano-Hernandez, would not face sufficient danger upon her return to Mexico to warrant relief under the U.N. Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT). The Ninth Circuit reversed in part and remanded the case for a grant of relief under CAT because conditions in Mexico for transgender people continue to be exceedingly dangerous.
Plotting the Next "Revolution" in Choice of Law: A Proposed Approach
Authors: Simson Gary J.
Published: July 2018

24 Cornell International Law Journal 279 (1991)
Family Law
Authors: Tait Allison Anna
Published: July 2018

In the past year, Virginia courts have addressed a range of family law questions—new and old—that reflect the changing landscape of families and marriage. Questions related to same-sex marriage and divorce have begun to appear on Virginia court dockets, including an important case the Supreme Court of Virginia decided this year with respect to same-sex couples cohabiting and the termination of spousal support. Family law courts also saw shifts in gender norms—wives paying spousal support to their husbands and fathers being awarded physical custody of their children. These legal questions tested the limits of statutory language and helped to expand the legal understanding of marriage, family, and parenthood. In addition, recurring questions about entry into and exit from marriage persisted. Courts addressed varied claims relating to marriage validity, equitable distribution, separate property, spousal and child support, and visitation rights. This brief article provides an overview of some of the most salient cases, and those cases that will most likely have a lasting impact on this state‘s family law jurisprudence.
Humans Forget, Machines Remember: Artificial Intelligence and the Right to Be Forgotten
Authors: Li Tiffany , Villaronga Eduard Fosch , Kieseberg Peter
Published: July 2018

To understand the Right to be Forgotten in context of artificial intelligence, it is necessary to first delve into an overview of the concepts of human and AI memory and forgetting. Our current law appears to treat human and machine memory alike – supporting a fictitious understanding of memory and forgetting that does not comport with reality. (Some authors have already highlighted the concerns on the perfect remembering.) This Article will examine the problem of AI memory and the Right to be Forgotten, using this example as a model for understanding the failures of current privacy law to reflect the realities of AI technology.First, this Article analyzes the legal background behind the Right to be Forgotten, in order to understand its potential applicability to AI, including a discussion on the antagonism between the values of privacy and transparency under current E.U. privacy law. Next, the Authors explore whether the Right to be Forgotten is practicable or beneficial in an AI/machine learning context, in order to understand whether and how the law should address the Right to Be Forgotten in a post-AI world. The Authors discuss the technical problems faced when adhering to strict interpretation of data deletion requirements under the Right to be Forgotten, ultimately concluding that it may be impossible to fulfill the legal aims of the Right to be Forgotten in artificial intelligence environments. Finally, this Article addresses the core issue at the heart of the AI and Right to be Forgotten problem: the unfortunate dearth of interdisciplinary scholarship supporting privacy law and regulation.
Digital Exhaustion
Authors: Perzanowski Aaron , Schultz Jason
Published: July 2018

As digital networks emerge as the dominant means of distributing copyrighted works, the first sale doctrine is increasingly marginalized. The limitations first sale places on the exclusive right of distribution are of little importance when the alienation and use of copies entails their reproduction. This fact of the modern copyright marketplace has led to calls for statutory clarification of digital first sale rights. Acknowledging the obstacles to legislative intervention, this Article argues that courts are equipped today to limit copyright exclusivity in order to enable copy owners to make traditionally lawful uses of their copies, including resale through secondary markets. We argue that first sale is not simply an isolated limitation on the distribution right. Instead, it is a component of a broader principle of copyright exhaustion that emerges from early case law preceding the Supreme Court’s foundational decision in Bobbs-Merrill v. Strauss. This context reveals a common law of copyright exhaustion that embraces a set of user privileges that includes not only alienation, but renewal, repair, adaptation, and preservation. Despite congressional recognition of exhaustion in sections 109 and 117 of the Copyright Act, this Article concludes that courts have ample room to apply and continue to develop common law rules that preserve the many benefits of the first sale doctrine in the digital marketplace.
The Problem of Deterring Extraterritorial WhiteCollar Crime
Authors: Spalding Andrew B.
Published: July 2018

Recent reports of egregious labor practices in China and Bangladesh have called public attention to the potential harms of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. The best, or at least most obvious, tool for reducing destructive overseas business practices would seem to be the extraterritorial application of white-collar criminal law. The "holy grail" of contemporary criminal law is deterrence, and the deterrence literature is largely shaped by the paradigm of law and economics. Prominent within that literature is Polinsky and Shavell's "enforcement authority," which seeks to maximize social utility through the efficient deterrence of crime.a Guided by the principles of law and economics, the enforcement authority wields four enforcement tools: enforcement expenditures, the level of the fine, the length of imprisonment, and the standard for imposing liability. By manipulating these variables, it can presumably achieve the optimal combination of minimizing crime while also minimizing public expense.But this essay argues that, in international business law specifically, that enforcement authority will tend to fail. The traditional methods of criminal deterrence, when applied rigorously and in good faith, will ultimately create the very conditions in which extraterritorial white-collar crime proliferates. As the enforcement authority utilizes its tools to pursue the optimally low level of such crime, unique legal and economic conditions will too often produce an increase in overall rates of criminality. Deterrence's goal-namely, the reduction in crime-can only be achieved by utilizing tools and theories that are not part of the contemporary deterrence logic.Section I briefly describes the law and economics approach to deterrence, and explains why scholars have not been particularly concerned with whether deterrence could lead to an increase, rather than a decrease, in crime. Section II then explains how international business, particularly foreign direct investment in developing countries, creates a set of conditions in which this possibility arises. It constructs a model, using bribery prohibitions as an example, which illustrates that beyond a given level of enforcement, heightened enforcement will produce a net increase in crime in the host country. Section III explores the possibility that corporate social responsibility (CSR) may be able to pick up where law and economics leaves off. That is, though crime reduction ultimately proves beyond the reach of the law and economics enforcement authority, it may be within the reach of socially responsible corporations. But inducing these corporations to more than mere compliance requires a reexamination of the basic assumptions on the relationship between CSR and globalization.
Non-consensual porn and the responsibilities of online intermediaries
Authors: Suzor Nicolas Pierre , Seignior Bryony , Singleton Jennifer
Published: July 2018

This paper considers the legal options of victims of the non-consensual distribution of sexually explicit media - sometimes known as 'revenge porn'. The ALRC has called for Australia to introduce a new tort for serious invasions of privacy, and the Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Committee has recently reinforced the need for stronger penalties. A private members' Bill was introduced in the last Federal parliament, but has since lapsed. Each of these proposals focuses primarily on the wrongful acts of the perpetrator. As a deterrent and a strong signal of social opprobrium, they may be partially effective. They do not, however, consider in detail how victims may be able to seek some relief once material has already been posted online. In this paper, we consider explicitly what role internet intermediaries should play in responding to abuse online. The challenge in developing effective policy is not only to provide a remedy against the primary wrongdoer, but to impose some obligations on the platforms that host or enable access to harmful material. This is a difficult and complex issue, but only by engaging with this process are we likely to develop regulatory regimes that are likely to be reasonably effective.
Cultural Competence & Collaborative Conversations
Authors: Mandani Aurelia , Valenzuela Marina
Published: July 2018

This presentation reviews the community benefits of providing cultural competence staff training grounded in intersectionality and collaborative conversations; review how we developed and implemented this training; and lastly, provide materials and best practices for other librarians who might be tasked with addressing diversity and multiculturalism within their libraries.
The Theory and Craft of Digital Preservation
Authors: Owens Trevor
Published: July 2018

The historical record is increasingly digital. Over the last half century, under headings of “electronic records management” and “digital preservation,” librarians, archivists, and curators have established practices to ensure that our digital scientific, social and cultural record will be available to scholars and researchers into the future. This book is intended as a point of entry into that theory and practice. The book serves as both a basic introduction to the issues and practices of digital preservation and a theoretical framework for deliberately and intentionally approaching digital preservation as a field with multiple lineages. The intended audience is current and emerging library, archive, and museum professionals as well as the scholars and researchers who interface with these fields.
One Journal Issue, Two Activities, Three Views: Information Creation as a Process
Authors: Curtis Nancy
Published: July 2018

Lightning talk presented at the 2018 SLA Annual Conference. Session: "Putting a Frame around STEM Instruction: Lightning Talks on Successful Implementations of the ACRL Framework in STEM Information Literacy Instruction." Conference Abstract: Since we have shifted most of our serial subscriptions from print to digital format, our students encounter “scientific journals” as abstractions, not as the tangible objects familiar to their instructors. Furthermore, since students interact with journals via bibliographic databases, they lose access to visual cues indicating the nature of individual works. I presented two learning activities to early career undergraduate science students. The first introduced them to different online manifestations of the same issue of a scientific journal, and prompted them to consider how each format meets specific information needs. In the second, students examined a variety of information products (including research articles, trade or professional information, opinion pieces, and creative writing) appearing within one online issue of a scholarly or peer reviewed scientific journal, and categorized those by intended audience. Informal competency assessment results indicate a need to revise the first activity. Although few students returned feedback, both activities satisfied instructors.
Better together: combining research and writing support for student scholars
Authors: Carroll Alexander James , Corlett-Rivera Kelsey , Macri Linda
Published: July 2018

Originally presented at the Medical Library Association 2016 Annual Meeting and Exhibition, Toronto, ON, May 16, 2016. Objectives: Libraries offer workshops on finding evidence; writing centers offer assistance with synthesizing evidence into effective literature reviews. The University of Maryland (UMD) Libraries and the UMD Graduate School Writing Center investigated the effectiveness of combining these traditionally separate efforts into a suite of instructional programming, which presented research and writing as linked and iterative components of a process rather than distinct stages of scholarship. Methods: The UMD Libraries sought to increase its impact on student scholarship by creating information literacy workshops that better met the needs of students. To determine student needs, library staff queried liaison librarians, who noted that graduate and upper-level undergraduate students struggle with entering into their discipline’s academic discourse. To demonstrate to students the iterative process of finding and using evidence, library and writing center staff developed programming on how to write a literature review for a thesis or dissertation. Staff from both departments designed instructional content on how to find, access, store, and use evidence effectively when writing. These sessions also introduced students to the concept of scholarship as a conversation, how to apply the stasis theory of composition, and explained the rhetorical purpose of conducting a literature review. Attendance and session evaluations were used to measure effectiveness.Results: A traditional graduate student workshop series held in the library, which presented research and writing as separate processes, was attended by 22 students in 2013 and 35 students in 2014. The literature review workshops, which offered integrated research and writing instruction, were attended by 119 students in 2014 and 96 students in 2015.Conclusions: This successful collaboration highlights the benefits of forming strategic partnerships with groups on campus who have shared values with the library, as these sessions developed in concert with the Graduate School Writing Center substantially improved student attendance at library workshops. Subsequently, discipline specific breakout sessions have been developed, which utilize the expertise of liaison librarians to offer focused training on specific resources and writing techniques within subject disciplines. This collaboration also has led to the development of additional experimental programming with the Graduate School Writing Center. Some of these initiatives include librarian office hours in the writing center, and workshops on transforming a traditional research paper into a compelling oral presentation.
Darwin nos arquivos? Perspetivas evolucionistas subjacentes à avaliação da informação arquivística
Authors: Macedo L. S. Ascensão de
Published: July 2018

Introdução: Este estudo faz uma aproximação às perspetivas evolucionistas em sistemas de informação arquivísticos a partir da função avaliação da informação arquivística (AIA). Exploram-se sucintamente os conceitos operatórios de AIA bem como as “metáforas biológicas” presentes na terminologia arquivística. Objetivo: Analisar documentos institucionais sobre AIA em Portugal onde se percecionam processos evolutivos subjacentes aos sistemas de informação arquivísticos.Metodologia: Adota-se neste artigo um estudo de base qualitativa e exploratória através da análise de conteúdo sobre dois documentos associados à aplicação da AIA em Portugal. Recorre-se às perspetivas de fronese organizacional e de epistemologia evolucionista aplicada enquanto ferramentas interpretativas.Resultados: Da análise dos documentos institucionais sobre AIA, os processos evolutivos em sistemas de informação arquivísticos no setor público apontam para dois níveis: (i) organizacional e (ii) unidades informacionais. A nível organizacional, os conjuntos informacionais (re)configuram-se ou extinguem-se em função da criação, modificação e extinção de serviços; a nível das unidades informacionais, verifica-se que a aplicação de instrumentos de AIA cinge-se ao nível de série de um fundo por estados de remanescência.Conclusões: A AIA tem profunda influência na evolução do sistema de informação arquivístico, enquanto extensão fenotípica da(s) organização(ões), procurando-se contribuir para uma epistemologia evolutiva em sistemas de informação arquivísticos.
Designing Digital Scholarship Ecologies
Authors: Vandegrift Micah
Published: July 2018

Digital Scholarship and Scholarly Communication are transforming the practice of librarianship by 1) integrating throughout the research process, 2) re-positioning the core of libraries, 3) increasing focus on “back of the house” processes/skills, 4) facilitating an outward orientation. Approaching these through the frames of design and ecology offer a useful re-imagining of our current state and possible futures.
Servicios a la investigación en la biblioteca universitaria: gestión de la identidad digital
Authors: Fernández-Marcial Viviana , González-Solar Llarina
Published: July 2018

The paradigm shift in university libraries where research support servcies are increasingly relevant is analyze. This situation results from the research role in assessing the quality and excellence of universities, as reflected in the various documents and rankings. The various research support servcies are described both in the university and in the academic library, with special emphasis on the management of digital identity. For this purpose, the concepts of reputation and identity, within and outside the digital environment, are defined, their main resources are analyzed and a brief overview is given on the management of the digital identity of the research community through data from three studies. We define possible scenarios in which the university library can work in support of a better management of the reputation and digital identity of researchers, considering that this will have an impact on those of the university itself.Se analiza el cambio de paradigma en las bibliotecas universitarias donde los servicios orientados a la investigación adquieren cada vez más relevancia. Esta situación es resultado del papel de la investigación en la valoración de la calidad y la excelencia de las universidades tal como queda reflejado en los diversos documentos y rankings. Se describen los diversos servicios orientados en la investigación tanto en la universidad como en la biblioteca universitaria haciendo especial énfasis en la gestión de la identidad digital. A este fin se definen los conceptos de reputación e identidad dentro y fuera del entorno digital, se analizan sus principales recursos y se ofrece una breve panorámica sobre la gestión de la identidad digital de la comunidad investigadora a través de los datos de tres estudios. Se definen los posibles escenarios en los que la biblioteca universitaria puede trabajar en apoyo a una mejor gestión de la reputación e identidad digital de los investigadores considerando que esta tendrá incidencia en las de la propia universidad.Accessible in https://www.sopcom.pt/
LBSC734 Seminar in the Academic Library (Spring 2018)
Authors: Gammons Rachel , Carpenter Lindsay Inge
Published: July 2018

Syllabus, course assignments, and course schedule for LBSC734: Seminar in the Academic Library (Spring 2018)
Teaching with Data: Visualization and Information as a Critical Process
Authors: Battista Andrew , Conte Jill Alexandra
Published: July 2018

This chapter is published in the Critical Library Pedagogy Handbook, Volume Two: Lesson Plans
Research in the iSchools: An Examination
Authors: Raghavan K S , Balaji B Preedip
Published: July 2018

The iSchool movement is not merely a reaction of the information science community to the criticism that there is a mismatch between LIS education and needs of the information job market but also represents the growing recognition that there is a need to elevate the status of the discipline in the higher education system to a level on par with other professions/disciplines. This paper attempts to construct the domain of interest to the iSchools by profiling the ongoing and recent research in the iSchools. The profiling is carried out by examining the publications emanating from six iSchools. The findings suggest that there is as yet no clear construct of what constitutes the domain of interest of iSchools. The research profiles of these iSchools also appear to differ significantly. The study also suggests the emergence of certain new information specialities.
Confining Cultural Expression: How the Historical Principles Behind Modern Copyright Law Perpetuate Cultural Exclusion
Authors: Hathcock April
Published: July 2018

Copyright law is the primary means by which society preserves and protects valued cultural heritage. There is a clear correlation between that which is protected and that which is valued by society for the continued enjoyment of future generations. However, this truth becomes troubling when it is considered that modern copyright continues to espouse antiquated ideals of acceptable cultural production, to the exclusion of the cultural property of many historically marginalized people groups. This article takes a critical look at copyright law to deconstruct the ways in which historical values and assumptions continue to color the modern protection of cultural creation, thereby confining cultural expression and barring protection to the cultural work of the marginalized.
We Rate Cats June 2018
Authors: Schomberg Jessica
Published: July 2018

We Rate Cats: How We Assess Our Cataloging, Why We Assess Our Cataloging, and What It Matters for Our Values. Originally presented at the Technical Services Assessment: Tools and Techniques preconference at the 2018 ALA Annual conference, sponsored by the ALCTS CaMMS Continuing Education Committee.
Time is on My Side? Time in the Library Workplace
Authors: Jones Phillip , Lennertz Lora
Published: July 2018

Schedules are intrinsic to academic libraries. The clock and calendar regulate much of the work in libraries, and yet the temporal and seasonal dimensions of these institutions are largely unexplored. Presumably the beginning of the fall semester will be very busy for some librarians, but specifically for whom? Are some departments more governed by deadlines than others? And perhaps most critical of all: What do these differences imply for organizational development and administration? The authors created an online survey to elicit respondents' perceptions of time, schedules, calendars, and urgency, as well as definitions of primary clientele. Links to the survey were sent to the 46 universities in the Greater Western Library Alliance and the Southeastern Conference; librarians and other professional, salaried staff were invited to participate. The authors received 325 usable responses. The poster presents data and preliminary correlations to explore the temporal underpinnings of the academic library as workplace. Managers and informal leaders in all libraries can benefit from a critical appraisal of time in their organizations.
Where Are We Headed? RDA, BIBFRAME, and the FRBR Library Reference Model
Authors: Sprochi Amanda K
Published: July 2018

Library cataloging and metadata are undergoing amajor transformation. The International Federationof Library Associations and Institution’s Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records LibraryReference Model, the ongoing development of Resource Description and Access, and the Library ofCongress’ Bibliographic Framework initiative are the three programs currently underway which will,in all probability, profoundly affect how library bibliographic data is recorded, stored, and retrieved.These initiatives will also allow library holdings, for the first time, to be visible on theWeb and discoverablefor users, and, therefore, sharable with other cultural resource communities. What will librarymetadata look like in the next century? What knowledge and skills will be needed to navigate in thisnew world? Where are we headed?
What's Next for Interlibrary Loan
Authors: Regier Ryan
Published: July 2018

What will the future of Interlibrary Loan (ILL) look like as traditional library services continue to change? Will ILL requests start to plummet as open access becomes the status quo? Or will better metadata, discovery services, and potential Big Deal cancellations result in an uptick? What is the role of ILL staff in Scholarly Communication? This presentation will look at these factors and other issues affecting ILL, and attempt to make some predictions about the future.
Assessing Information Reliability through Snapchat: An Alternative Means for Social Media
Authors: Wheatley Amanda
Published: July 2018

This presentation was given at the 2018 ACRL North Dakota-Manitoba Annual Symposium at St.John's College in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The Albert D. Cohen Management Library at the University of Manitoba is currently piloting a new use for social media. Snapchat Reference is a focused effort to target students on a platform they are familiar with in order to expand the scope of the library’s reference services. Students are encouraged to ask questions about the sources they are using and engage in critical thinking and evaluation skills in a real-time conversation with a librarian. Different from other virtual reference services, Snapchat provides image exchange and messaging opportunities that afford the development of personal rapport with subject librarians. This presentation will highlight the creation and implementation of this service inregards to assessing reliable resources and furthering information literacy skills in post-secondary students.
Evaluating a Visual Search Interface
Authors: Schleußinger Maurice , Henkel Maria
Published: July 2018

Evaluation of information visualization and especially visual information systems is challenging. Metrics and methods need to be chosen with the intend of gaining specific and relevant evaluation data to prove the value of such systems. We suggest an evaluation based on the Information Service Evaluation Model (ISE) for information systems with visual result representation. We present the results of a case study on the testing and implementation of a visual search engine in business.
Engaging your researchers with altmetrics
Authors: Bowley Chealsye
Published: July 2018

Presentation and workshop given at the Altmetric User Day held at University of Colorado Boulder in June 2017.
Increasing IR Deposits by Tagteaming: The Open Access Button Librarian Notification System
Authors: Bowley Chealsye
Published: July 2018

Lighting talk given at the Southern Mississippi Institutional Repository Conference. // Managing a repository can be a daunting task. Outreach can be difficult. Cold emailing faculty members often results in no answer or a no. But what if librarians could get leads on researchers at their institution who having been receiving article and data requests? That’s exactly what the Open Access Button’s Librarian Notification System aims to do. A cold call would instead be turned into, “Hi, Professor Smith, I heard that your article was requested by an Open Access Button user. I’d love to help you share that per your publishing agreement!” This can help a librarian turn a problem a professor is encountering into a solution, and potentially add additional scholarship to the repository — and help fulfill more Open Access Button requests to strengthen the public’s access to open access materials. The Open Access Button is piloting the Librarian Notification System in spring 2018 and this lightning will discuss the results, and future plans to improve the system.