bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Venous Air Embolism: Case Series of a Complication of Computed Tomography
Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) in the Emergency Department of Medicine
Authors: Cueto-Robledo Guillermo , Gonzalez-Hermosillo Leslie-Marisol , Palacios-Moguel Paul , Roldan-Valadez Ernesto
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Venous air embolism (VAE) consists of air entering vascular structures due to a pressure gradient generated during medical-surgical procedures. Most cases of VAE are iatrogenic.

Case Reports:

Three hospitalised patients aged 23 to 86 years underwent venous air embolism (VAE) in the right heart system after performing CTPA. One of the patients died from a complication of venous thromboembolic disease (PE, coronary sinus thrombosis, mesenteric venous thrombosis).

Conclusions:

CTPA is a procedure that a priori seems innocuous, but it can be a potential cause of death or serious consequences for patients undergoing radiological procedures where the administration of contrast and the use of an injector could be counterproductive. Radiologists and physicians responsible for the patient should be aware of vascular gas embolism after contrast injection in patients undergoing CTPA.
Comprehensive Introspection of Magnetoresistive Sensors Applied in
Biomedical Diagnostics
Authors: Gayathri S. Vimala , Subbulekshmi D.
Published: August 2023

Over the recent years, magnetoresistive (MR) sensors in biosensing technologies have played a pivotal role in detecting and quantifying biomarkers. The article highly focuses on the potential implications of tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), giant magnetoresistance (GMR), anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR), and hybrid MR sensors over conventional prototypes. The study mainly elaborates on the sensor characteristics and their implementation in the biomedical domain. The encompassing evaluation reveals the findings that the TMR sensors are remarkably stable and sensitive, whereas the GMR sensors are highly robust and inexpensive, as determined by the detection level, accuracy, sensing distance, and sensitivity. In addition, it is stated that hybrid MR sensors have lower error rates than AMR sensors utilized in the limited research area.
Treatment with Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New
Window of Healing Science in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Hormozi Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Sajedeh , Ebrahimi Faezeh , Daei Narges , Hajimortezayi Zahra , Mehdizadeh Amir , Zamani Majid
Published: August 2023

Many studies have been conducted on the potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) over recent years due to their growing importance in regenerative medicine. Exosomes are considered
cargos capable of transporting proteins, peptides, lipids, mRNAs, and growth factors. MSCsderived
exosomes are also involved in the prevention or treatment of a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular
diseases, neurological diseases, skin disorders, lung diseases, osteoarthritis, damaged tissue
repair, and other diseases. This review attempted to summarize the importance of employing MSCs in
regenerative medicine by gathering and evaluating information from current literature. The role of MSCs
and the potential applications of MSCs-derived exosomes have also been discussed.
Biological Potential of Kakkalide in Medicine for the Treatment of Human
Disorders: An Overview of Pharmacological Aspects
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika
Published: August 2023

Background:

Pueraria lobata is an important herbal medicine of Fabaceae family that
has been clinically used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to counteract human disorders and associated
secondary complications. Kakkalide also called irisolidone 7-xylosylglucoside is an isoflavonoid
of Puerariae flos, Pueraria lobata and Flos Puerariae. Moreover, Kakkalide has a wide
range of bioactivities in medicine.

Methods:

Biological potential of kakkalide was investigated in the present work through scientific
data analysis of different scientific research work on kakkalide in order to know its therapeutic
potential in medicine. Scientific data on Pueraria lobata were collected and analyzed in the present
work. All the scientific data were collected from Google, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science
Direct in the present work.

Results:

Scientific data analysis of kakkalide revealed its biological importance and therapeutic
potential in medicine. The present investigation signified kakkalide’s effectiveness in inflammatory
diseases, prostaglandin E2 production, liver complication, gastric injury, alcoholism, insulinresistant
endothelial dysfunction, aldose reductase enzyme, hyperlipidemia, estrogenic activity,
and stroke. In addition, the bioavailability of kakkalide was also discussed in the present paper.
Present work also revealed the significance of analytical techniques for the separation, isolation
and identification of kakkalide in different biological and non-biological samples.

Conclusion:

Present paper signified the health-beneficial aspects of kakkalide in medicine.
A Review on Exploring the Potential of Vincamine and
Melatonin as an
Effective Anti-depressant Agent
Authors: Bee Rizwana , Ahmad Mohammad , Verma Shashi
Published: August 2023

Background:

Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder and one of the leading
causes of disability around the world. Herbal and synthetic medications used to treat depression,
may interrupt the therapy process and cause adverse effects. Currently, the use of medicinal and phytochemical
plants, which have various therapeutic effects and has potential strategy for treating depression.
According to the studies, medicinal plants have a variety of effects on the brain system and
have antidepressant properties such as synaptic modulation of serotonin, noradrenalin and dopamine
as well as inflammatory mediators. According to the literature review, Vinca Rosea extract has a variety
of pharmacological activities, but there is no evidence of its antidepressant properties.

Objectives:

The main aim of the present study is to gather data from the literature review regarding
the antidepressant activity of vincamine alone and along with melatonin.

Methods:

According to the review antidepressant activity of various medications can be tested
using two different types of studies, including in-vivo and in-vitro.

Results:

Clinical and preclinical research suggests that one of the main mediators in the pathophysiology
of depression seems to be stress. Depression can be evaluated using experimental
methods based on a variety of physical indicators, including locomotor activity, rearing, faeces,
and the quantity of entries in the centre square (in-vivo and in-vitro). Biological conditions can be
used to find it as well. It has been successfully concluded that vincamine, either alone or in combination
with melatonin, may provide a potential role as an antidepressant.

Conclusion:

According to the Globe Health Organization, depression will become the most common
cause of loss of interest in working in the world. As a result, depression research is one of the
most significant ways in which we might create new treatments in the form of vincamine and
combination with melatonin for depression and improve existing therapies to make them work
better for depressed people. It will also aid in the development and creation of novel ways for the
better treatment of depression.
Формирование наноостровков InAs на поверхности кремния и гетероструктур на их основе
Authors: Илькив И.В. , Лендяшова В.В. , Бородин Б.Б. , Талалаев В.Г. , Шугабаев Т. , Резник Р.Р. , Цырлин Г.Э.
Published: August 2023

Experimental results of studying the InAs islands formation of silicon surface by molecular beam epitaxy are presented. It has been found that, InAs islands with both bimodal and uniform size distributions can be formed depending on the Si surface relief and the presence of nanopits. The possibility of fabricating heterostructures with InAs quantum dots demonstrating photoluminescence in the region of 1.65 μm, was showed.
Измерения удельного сопротивления легированных азотом монокристаллов алмаза типа Ib методом Ван дер Пау с контактами Ti-Pt в интервале температур 573-1000 K
Authors: Буга С.Г. , Квашнин Г.М. , Кузнецов М.С. , Корнилов Н.В. , Лупарев Н.В. , Яо М.
Published: August 2023

The electrical resistivity values of square diamond plates doped with nitrogen in the form of C-centers with concentrations of 5; 55; 140 ppm are measured by the Van der Pauw method in the temperature range of 573-1000 K. Based on the results of the analysis of the primary measurement data, the resistivity values are calculated in the approximation of point ohmic Ti-Pt contacts, as well as taking into account the actual dimensions of triangular angular contacts. It was found that up to the temperature limit of 93050 K the differences in the resistivity values obtained by three different methods of the experimental data analysis do not exceed 3-7%. Ti-Pt contacts may be used in microelectronic and quantum optoelectronic devices based on nitrogen-doped diamonds.
Свойства цитрогипса и возможности его применения в технике
Authors: Никуличева T.Б. , Захвалинский В.С. , Пилюк E.A. , Никулин И.С. , Вязьмин В.В. , Мишунин M.В. , Саенко M.Ю. , Tельпова O.A. , Aлфимова Н.И. , Eрина T.A.
Published: August 2023

At present, the problem of using as functional materials such materials that are a by-product of technological processes and accumulate in the form of production waste is becoming more relevant. We have studied two groups of samples. The first group became the basis for a new material for the air humidity sensor, which was obtained from the waste products of citric acid production. Samples of citrogypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate, i.e. CaSO42H2O) doped with copper sulfate (CuSO45H2O) were prepared. The dependence of the impedance on the relative humidity of samples of three thicknesses was carried out. The frequency dependences of complex resistance and relative permittivity on relative humidity are measured. The second group of samples obtained from citrogypsum was a powder consisting of CaSO42H2O whiskers. Whiskers CaSO42H2O were used to create composites based on epoxy resin. An improvement in the properties of the composite was recorded in the study of tensile and compressive stresses of the samples. This article shows the possibility of practical application of (CaSO42H2O)0.95–(CuSO45H2O)0.05 as a new air humidity sensor material and improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite based on epoxy resin and CaSO42H2O whiskers.
Usability Evaluation of a Knowledge Graph–Based Dementia Care Intelligent Recommender System: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Leng Minmin , Sun Yue , Li Ce , Han Shuyu , Wang Zhiwen
Published: August 2023

Background

Knowledge graph–based recommender systems offer the possibility of meeting the personalized needs of people with dementia and their caregivers. However, the usability of such a recommender system remains unknown.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the usability of a knowledge graph–based dementia care intelligent recommender system (DCIRS).

Methods

We used a convergent mixed methods design to conduct the usability evaluation, including the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were recruited through social media advertisements. After 2 weeks of DCIRS use, feedback was collected with the Computer System Usability Questionnaire and semistructured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic characteristics and questionnaire scores. Qualitative data were analyzed systematically using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 56 caregivers were recruited. Quantitative data suggested that the DCIRS was easy for caregivers to use, and the mean questionnaire score was 2.14. Qualitative data showed that caregivers generally believed that the content of the DCIRS was professional, easy to understand, and instructive, and could meet users’ personalized needs; they were willing to continue to use it. However, the DCIRS also had some shortcomings. Functions that enable interactions between professionals and caregivers and that provide caregiver support and resource recommendations might be added to improve the system’s usability.

Conclusions

The recommender system provides a solution to meet the personalized needs of people with dementia and their caregivers and has the potential to substantially improve health outcomes. The next step will be to optimize and update the recommender system based on caregivers’ suggestions and evaluate the effect of the application.
A Web-Based Calculator to Predict Early Death Among Patients With Bone Metastasis Using Machine Learning Techniques: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Lei Mingxing , Wu Bing , Zhang Zhicheng , Qin Yong , Cao Xuyong , Cao Yuncen , Liu Baoge , Su Xiuyun , Liu Yaosheng
Published: August 2023

Background

Patients with bone metastasis often experience a significantly limited survival time, and a life expectancy of <3 months is generally regarded as a contraindication for extensive invasive surgeries. In this context, the accurate prediction of survival becomes very important since it serves as a crucial guide in making clinical decisions.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a machine learning–based web calculator that can provide an accurate assessment of the likelihood of early death among patients with bone metastasis.

Methods

This study analyzed a large cohort of 118,227 patients diagnosed with bone metastasis between 2010 and 2019 using the data obtained from a national cancer database. The entire cohort of patients was randomly split 9:1 into a training group (n=106,492) and a validation group (n=11,735). Six approaches—logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting machine, decision tree, random forest, neural network, and gradient boosting machine—were implemented in this study. The performance of these approaches was evaluated using 11 measures, and each approach was ranked based on its performance in each measure. Patients (n=332) from a teaching hospital were used as the external validation group, and external validation was performed using the optimal model.

Results

In the entire cohort, a substantial proportion of patients (43,305/118,227, 36.63%) experienced early death. Among the different approaches evaluated, the gradient boosting machine exhibited the highest score of prediction performance (54 points), followed by the neural network (52 points) and extreme gradient boosting machine (50 points). The gradient boosting machine demonstrated a favorable discrimination ability, with an area under the curve of 0.858 (95% CI 0.851-0.865). In addition, the calibration slope was 1.02, and the intercept-in-large value was −0.02, indicating good calibration of the model. Patients were divided into 2 risk groups using a threshold of 37% based on the gradient boosting machine. Patients in the high-risk group (3105/4315, 71.96%) were found to be 4.5 times more likely to experience early death compared with those in the low-risk group (1159/7420, 15.62%). External validation of the model demonstrated a high area under the curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.798-0.895), indicating its robust performance. The model developed by the gradient boosting machine has been deployed on the internet as a calculator.

Conclusions

This study develops a machine learning–based calculator to assess the probability of early death among patients with bone metastasis. The calculator has the potential to guide clinical decision-making and improve the care of patients with bone metastasis by identifying those at a higher risk of early death.
Efficacy and Safety of the Smallpox Vaccine for Postexposure Prophylaxis in Monkeypox: Protocol for an Open-Labeled, Single-Armed Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yano Rina , Terada-Hirashima Junko , Uemura Yukari , Tomita Noriko , Shimizu Yosuke , Iwasaki Haruka , Okumura Nobumasa , Suzuki Tetsuya , Saito Sho , Ujiie Mugen , Sugiura Wataru , Ohmagari Norio
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

In May 2022, a case of monkeypox (currently known as “mpox”) with no history of overseas travel was reported in the United Kingdom, followed by reports of infections reported in Europe, the United States, and other countries worldwide. Due to the significant overlap in immune responses among viruses of the genus Orthopoxvirus (including smallpox virus, mpox virus, and vaccinia virus), it is believed that cross-immunity can be achieved by administering the smallpox virus vaccine. In Japan, a smallpox vaccine (LC16m8 strain vaccine) has been approved; however, there was no regulatory approval for the mpox vaccine during the design of this study. Although it is believed that individuals exposed to the mpox virus may receive smallpox vaccination as mpox prophylaxis, the existing evidence is not clear.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the LC16m8 strain vaccine, approved for smallpox in Japan, for postexposure prophylaxis against mpox when administered to close contacts of individuals with mpox. The secondary objective was to investigate the safety of the vaccine for postexposure prophylaxis against mpox.

METHODS

The study aimed to enroll 100 vaccinated participants who had been identified as close contacts of individuals with mpox. Consent was obtained, and the participants are inoculated with the vaccine. Daily recordings of symptoms (body temperature, headache, rash, and side effects) were made until day 21 and then again on day 28. Furthermore, additional evaluations of adverse events were performed by the investigators on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Considering that the maximum incubation period for mpox is 21 days, the primary end point is the presence or absence of the disease 21 days after close contact. The primary analysis focused on cases within 4 days of intense contact as it has been reported that vaccination within this timeframe can reduce the incidence of the disease.

RESULTS

The first trial participant was enrolled on July 28, 2022, and the research period concluded in March 2023. The study results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

CONCLUSIONS

This study allowed us to investigate the efficacy and safety of the LC16m8 strain vaccine in postexposure prophylaxis against mpox.

CLINICALTRIAL

Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs031220137; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs031220137

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/46955
Exploring Patient Needs and Designing Concepts for Digitally Supported Health Solutions in Managing Type 2 Diabetes: Cocreation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Persson Dan Roland , Zhukouskaya Katiarina , Wegener Anne-Marie Karin , Jørgensen Lene Kølle , Bardram Jakob Eyvind , Bækgaard Per
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Self-management of the progressive disease type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) becomes part of the daily life of patients starting from the time of diagnosis. However, despite the availability of technical innovations, the uptake of digital solutions remains low. One reason that has been reported is that digital solutions often focus purely on clinical factors that may not align with the patient’s perspective.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop digital solutions that address the needs of patients with T2DM, designed from the user’s perspective. The goal was to address the patients’ expressed real-world needs by having the users themselves choose the scope and format of the solutions.

METHODS

Using participatory methods, we conducted 3 cocreation workshops in collaboration with the Danish Diabetes Association, with 20 persons with T2DM and 11 stakeholders across workshops: user experience designers, researchers, and diabetes experts including a diabetes nurse. The overall structure of the 3 workshops was aligned with the 4 phases of the double diamond: initially discovering and mapping out key experienced issues, followed by a workshop on thematic mapping and definition of key concepts, and succeeded by an exploration and development of 2 prototypes. Subsequently, high-fidelity interactive prototypes were refined as part of the delivery phase, in which 7 formative usability tests were conducted.

RESULTS

The workshops mapped experiential topics over time from prediagnosis to the current state, resulting in a detailed exploration and understanding of 6 themes related to and based on the experiences of patients with T2DM: diabetes care, diabetes knowledge, glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, and social aspects of diabetes. Two prototypes were developed by the participants to address some of their expressed needs over time related to the 6 themes: an activity-based continuous glucose monitoring app and a web-based guide to diabetes. Both prototypes emphasize periods of structured self-measurements of blood glucose to support evolving needs for self-exploration through distinct phases of learning, active use, and supporting use. Periods of low or intermittent use may thus not reflect a failure of design in a traditional sense but rather be a sign of evolving needs over time.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results indicate that the needs of patients with T2DM differ between individuals and change over time. As a result, the suggested digitally supported empowering health prototypes can be personalized to support self-exploration, individual preference in long-term management, and changing needs over time. Despite individuals experiencing different journeys with diabetes, users perceive the self-measurement of blood glucose as a universally useful tool to empower everyday decision-making.

CLINICALTRIAL
LAW ENFORCEMENT PREPAREDNESS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIA’S LAW ON JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
Authors: Krisnawati Dani
Published: August 2023

Paradigmatic changes stipulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 on Juvenile Justice System, including regulations concerning restorative justice and diversion require the competency and skills of the law enforcement officers. This research identifies measures that have been taken and the existing barriers in preparing for the implementation of this Law. The research demonstrates that the readiness of the investigators and child prosecutors are merely limited to the outreach of Law Number 11 of 2012, whilst knowledge of the court judges only covers the draft Law. The number of officers receiving outreach is limited and should be increased. Negative perception on the officers due to the risk of a bribery accusation is feared to hamper the implementation of diversion regulation based on a restorative justice. Perubahan paradigmatik yang termuat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, termasuk diantaranya ketentuan mengenai keadilan restoratif dan diversi, memerlukan kompetensi dan keahlian aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi langkah yang telah dilakukan dan kendala persiapan implementasi Undang-Undang tersebut. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kesiapan penyidik dan penuntut umum anak masih terbatas pada partisipasi sosialisasi Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, sedangkan hakim anak memiliki pengetahuan hanya pada Rancangan Undang-Undang. Jumlah aparat yang menerima sosialisasi Undang-Undangmasih terbatas dan perlu ditingkatkan jumlahnya. Pandangan negatif terhadap aparat karena bisa menimbulkan dugaan suap dikhawatirkan menjadi penghambat diterapkannya ketentuan diversi dengan pendekatan keadilan restoratif.
THE JUST DRUG DISTRIBUTION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF WELFARE STATE
Authors: Tjitrawati Aktieva Tri
Published: August 2023

States have obligations to improve equitability of welfare and prosperity of the community. Pharmaceutical is one of the important and strategic industries because of its vital role to support the development of health sector. Lack of regulation on pricing-products, and diversion of social aspects in the drugs trade, either by government or industry, are associated with the paradigm that underlies regulation of the distributions. Prospective policy analysis and functional approach of law are used to find a level of balance of various interest related to the subject, and to find concepts as a basis to construct new paradigm on drugs distribution. Negara berkewajiban untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kemakmuran masyarakat secara berkeadilan. Industri farmasi merupakan salah satu industri penting dan strategis karena perannya yang vital menunjang pembangunan bidang kesehatan.Terdapat kecenderungan kurangnya peran Pemerintah dalam pricing policy obat, serta diabaikannya aspek sosial dalam perdagangan produk farmasi, baik oleh Pemerintah maupun industri farmasi. Carut marut ini berkaitan dengan ketidakjelasan paradigma yang berujung pada ketidakjelasan kebijakan yang melandasi tatanan distribusi obat. Makalah ini menggunakan analisis kebijakan prospektif dan pendekatan fungsional hukum untuk mengkaji kebijakan distribusi obat yang bersifat multi disiplin dan menemukan konsep baru untuk menemukan titik keseimbangan dari berbagai kepentingan terkait.
THE CRIME OF AGGRESSION: COMPLEXITIES IN DEFINITION AND ELEMENTS OF CRIME
Authors: Maskun Mr.
Published: August 2023

The infamous complexity of having a proper definition for crime of aggression began a long time ago.  A working definition has been discussed by experts and scholars from time to time. However, they have not reached into a common understanding, including the International Law Commission. The amendment to the Rome Statute, taking place on June 12, 2010, was expected to deal with the problemsof definition. In addition it will also be a guidance to categorize such a crime as a crime of aggression,particular in terms of elaboration of elements of crime of aggression. Kompleksitas pendefinisian kejahatan agresi telah terjadi sejak beberapa tahun yang lalu. Definisi kejahatan agresi telah diperdebatkan oleh para ahli termasuk didalamnya Komisi Hukum Internasional, namun hingga kini perdebatan terus terjadi. Hasil amandemen atas Statuta Roma yang ber-langsung di Kampala Uganda 12 Juni 2010 akan menjadi jalan keluar untuk mengatasi perdebatan dimaksud. Di samping itu, amandemen tersebut dapat menjadi rambu-rambu dalam menguraikan elemen kejahatan agresi, sehingga kejahatan yang diduga sebagai kejahatan agresi dapat diuraikan dengan takaran yang baku (standard) menurut hukum internasional.
ACID SPLASH: QISAS PUNISHMENT TO BE IMPOSED AGAINST THE OFFENDER
Authors: Huzaimi Mohammed Farid , Jamal Jasri
Published: August 2023

In Islamic countries, there are cases where a court has given punishment to an acid splasher to be punished by acid as well. In 2004, an Iranian woman was blinded with acid by her suitor for turning down his marriage proposal. Four years later, the Iranian court sentenced the offender to be blinded in both eyes for taking away the woman’s sight under the retribution principle permitted under Iran’s Islamic law. This case’s decision has regularly been objected as the punishment seems inhuman. This paper will discuss in detail the nature of the offence and the punishment imposed in Islamic perspective. Terdapat beberapa kasus di negara-negara Islam di mana pengadilan memberikan hukuman pembalasan terhadap terdakwa yang menyiram cairan asam ke tubuh orang lain. Pada tahun 2004, seorang perempuan Iran dibutakan dengan asam oleh peminangnya setelah si perempuan menolak lamaran pria tersebut. Empat tahun setelahnya, pengadilan di Iran memutuskan untuk menghukum pria tersebut dengan hukuman yang sama, yaitu dibutakan dengan asam. Hukuman ini dijatuhkan dengan dasar asas retribusi menurut hukum Islam di Iran. Putusan hakim dalam kasus ini telah menuai kritik karena hukuman tersebut dianggap tidak berperikemanusiaan. Artikel ini akan membahas lebih dalam tentang perbuatan menyiram cairan asam dan hukuman pembalasan menurut perspektif Islam.
Penerapan Prinsip Lisensi dalam Pemberian Izin Penyelenggaraan Layanan Publik
Authors: Sulistiowati Ms.
Published: August 2023

Good public service may be achieved by allowing the government to issue license for public service delivery. The government must establish a licensing mechanism that can select the appropriate provider of public service who can satisfy the minimum standard of service. This licensing régime is expected to guarantee the reliability and quality of public service provider. While permit system is a unilateral legal action, licensing is a mutual contractual action between parties. Hence, licensing would function as a controlling norm to warrant good public service in accordance with the minimum standard. The government must be consistent with its role as a patron, and it must entrust the delivery of public service to business establishments appointed as public service provider. Semangat menyediakan layanan publik yang berkualitas diwujudkan melalui pemberian izin penyelenggaraan sektor layanan publik. Penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik pada sektor yang dapat dikerjasamakan perlu menerapkan mekanisme lisensi untuk memilih penyelenggara layanan umum yang sesuai dan mampu memenuhi standar pelayanan minimum. Rezim lisensi ini diharapkan mampu memberikan jaminan atas ketersediaan dan kualitas penyelenggara layanan umum. Berbeda dengan pemberian izin yang merupakan perbuatan hukum bersegi satu, lisensi ini bersifat kontraktual. Lisensi berfungsi sebagai norma pengendali untuk menjamin terselenggaranya layanan publik yang sesuai dengan standar pelayanan minimum. Pemerintah perlu menekankan pada peran sebagai pembina dan menyerahkan fungsi penyelenggaraan layanan publik kepada badan usaha yang menyelenggarakan layanan publik.
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM KOMISI PENGAWAS PERSAINGAN USAHA MELAKSANAKAN WEWENANG PENEGAKAN HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA
Authors: Simbolon Alum
Published: August 2023

The main discussion of this research is concerning the position of KPPU in conducting the task and obligation to overcome and figure out suspect of monopoly practice and unfairly business competition which violate Act Number 5 of 1999. Research results show that in enforcing business competition law and resolving allegation of monopolistic business practice, the KPPU assumes the role as a state auxiliary organ that is independent from government intervention. In practice, the KPPU is a quasi judicial entity because it has the authority to similar to a court’s, inter alia the authority to issue decrees and render judgments. Masalah pokok penelitian ini adalah mengenai kedudukan hukum KPPU dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya untuk mengatasi dan menyelesaikan dugaan pelanggaran praktek monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 dalam penegakan hukum persaingan usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam menegakkan hukum persaingan usaha dan menyelesaikan dugaan pelanggaran praktek monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat, KPPU bertindak sebagai lembaga negara komplementer (state auxiliary organ) yang terlepas dari pengaruh pemerintah. Dalam praktik, KPPU merupakan lembaga quasi judicial karena KPPU memiliki kewenangan yang serupa dengan badan peradilan, salah satunya kewenangan untuk mengeluarkan penetapan dan putusan.
ASAS HUKUM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TENTANG UNDANG-UNDANG MIGAS DAN KETENAGALISTRIKAN
Authors: Suastama Ida Bagus Radendra
Published: August 2023

This research conclude that economic law principle on Article 33 Constitution (UUD NRI Tahun 1945) is referred by Constitutional Court Decision No. 001/PUU-I/2003 (judicial review of Act No. 20 of 2002 on Electricity) and Constitutional Court Decision No. 002/PUU-I/2003 (judicial review of Act No. 22 of 2001 on Natural Oil and Gas). Economic law principle based on Article 33 Constitution does not release all economic activities to the market mechanism or individuals or private parties. The fields that relevant with public interest and public welfare are the naturally controlled by the state and used for maximum prosperity of the people. Penelitian ini sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa asas hukum ekonomi yang mendasari Putusan MK dengan No. Perkara 001/PUU-I/2003 terkait UU No. 20 Tahun 2002 tentang Ketenagalistrikan dan Putusan MK dengan No. Perkara 002/PUU-I/2003 terkait UU No. 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi adalah asas hukum ekonomi sesuai Pasal 33 UUD 1945. Asas hukum ekonomi sesuai Pasal 33 UUD 1945 tersebut adalah UUD 1945 tidak melepas semua bidang perekonomian pada mekanisme pasar, perorangan, atau swasta. Bidang yang berkaitan dengan kepentingan umum dan kesejahteraan rakyat merupakan monopoli alamiah negara karena bersifat penting bagi negara dan menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak.
LEGISLASI FIKIH EKONOMI PERBANKAN: SINKRONISASI PERAN DEWAN SYARIAH NASIONAL DAN KOMITE PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Umam Khotibul
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is to further see the implementation of duties and functions of the National Sharia Board and Sharia Banking Committee and its relations to the legislation of economic banking fiqh. In the development of Sharia Banking, synchronization between National Sharia Board and Sharia Banking Committee have been done by involving the National Sharia Board in the Committee Meeting to make Committee Recommendation to further be implemented as a Bank Indonesia Regulation. This research finds that the National Sharia Board has conducted its duties and functions in the field of sharia economy in compliance with the DSN-MUI Decision 1/2000 on the Basic Guideline of National Sharia Board Indonesian Council of Ulema and DSN-MUI Decision 2/2000 Bylaws of the National Sharia Board Indonesian Council of Ulema. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat implementasi tugas and fungsi Dewan Syariah Nasional dan Komite Perbankan Syariah yang berkaitan erat dengan legislasi dari fiqh perbankan. Dalam perkembangan perbankan syariah, sinkronisasi antara Dewan Syariah Nasional dalam Rapat Kerja untuk membuat suatu Rekomendasi Komite agar dapat diberlakukannya sebagai Peraturan Bank Indonesia. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi DSN di bidang ekonomi syariah telah dilaksanakan dengan mendasarkan Keputusan DSN-MUI No. 1 Tahun 2000 tentang Pedoman Dasar Dewan Syari’ah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan Keputusan DSN-MUI No: 02 Tahun 2000 tentang Pedoman Rumah Tangga Dewan Syari’ah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
PERMASALAHAN YURIDIS YANG TIMBUL TERKAIT LISENSI MEREK TERKENAL
Authors: Sujatmiko Agung
Published: August 2023

Exclusive rights on trademark also cover the right to give permission to others to use the mark. Rights licensing is a licensing agreement. It takes two main principles of contract law, namely freedom of contract and good faith to enforce the contract. Strengthening the principles as the basis for the creation and implementation of a mark license agreement is required given the continuity of the implementation of a mark licensing agreement is highly dependent on the goodwill of the parties to implement the agreement. Strengthening of the principles can be achieved when the parties are honest and fully undertake to honour the agreement which they had agreed together. Hak eksklusif pada hak atas merek termasuk hak untuk memberi izin pada orang lain untuk menggunakan merek. Hak pemberian izin tersebut merupakan perjanjian lisensi. Diperlukan dua prinsip utama hukum kontrak, yakni prinsip kebebasan berkontrak dan prinsip itikad baik untuk menegakkan kontrak yang disepakati. Penguatan prinsip kebebasan berkontrak dan itikad baik sebagai dasar pembuatan dan pelaksanaan perjanjian lisensi merek diperlukan mengingat keberlangsungan pelaksanaan perjanjian lisensi merek sangat tergantung pada niat baik para pihak untuk melaksanakan isi perjanjian. Penguatan terhadap kedua prinsip itu dapat tercapai manakala para pihak secara jujur dan penuh tanggungjawab melaksanakan isi perjanjian yang telah mereka sepakati bersama.
KEBIJAKAN PIDANA MATI TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Rodliyah Mrs.
Published: August 2023

The government must accord special legal protection for pregnant and lactating female prisoners. Act Nr. 2/Pnps/1964 has been stipulated to the effect of regulating capital punishment to women. However, the Act does not yet reflect the sense of justice, humanity, and protection. Capital punishment for women must be reviewed. In a number of countries capital punishment for women has been abolished. In addition, several international legal instruments calling for abolishment of capital punishment for women are extant. In addition, the review of capital punishment for women stands upon the spirit that the implementation of capital punishment must not be applied too broadly in order to ensure that the objective of punishment would not go in a wrong way. Perlindungan hukum dan pengayoman terhadap perempuan pelaku tindak pidana khususnya yang sedang hamil dan menyusui, tidak dapat disamaratakan dengan laki-laki. Undang-Undang Nomor 2/ Pnps/1964, telah mengatur norma pelaksanaan pidana mati terhadap perempuan, akan tetapi aturan ini belum mencerminkan rasa keadilan, kemanusiaan, dan perlindungan. Kebijakan pidana mati terhadap perempuan di Indonesia sudah selayaknya ditinjau ulang. Di banyak negara ditemukan penerapan pidana mati secara terbatas dengan menghilangkan pidana mati khusus terhadap perempuan. Selain itu, berbagai ketentuan-ketentuan hukum internasional juga cenderung melarang pidana mati untuk perempuan. Peninjauan kebijakan pidana mati terhadap perempuan ini juga didasari semangat bahwa penerapan hukum pidana tidak boleh disamaratakan karena malah akan menjadi pengancam bagi tujuan hukum pidana itu sendiri.
PENERAPAN NORMA DAN ASAS-ASAS HUKUM ADAT DALAM PRAKTIK PERADILAN PERDATA
Authors: Sulastriyono Mr. , Aristya Sandra Dini Febri
Published: August 2023

This research was descriptive research. Secondary and primary data were analysed qualitatively. The result of the research shows that mostly, the application of adat law norm and principles appear in the domain of private, contract, marital, and inheritance law. The adat law norms which are frequently used as judge considerations are the right of spouse on the matrimonial property, the guardian of a child under his mother, and the status of ex-wife as the heir of her former husband. We also identify a number of adat law principles, which include the clear (terang), cash (tunai), real (konkret) and familiarity (kekeluargaan). Application of adat law is necessary owing to the normative legislative obligation. In practice, judges need to ensure that adat law norms are consistent with the applicable civil procedure. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yaitu melukiskan fakta obyek penelitian. Data primer dan sekunder dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa norma hukum adat yang dijadikan dasar pertimbangan putusan hakim adalah istri berhak atas harta bersama, anak kecil diasuh ibu yang bercerai, dan istri adalah ahli waris mendiang suaminya. Asas hukum adat yang mendasari putusan hakim mencakup asas terang, tunai, konkrit dan kekeluargaan. Alasan hakim menerapkan norma dan asas hukum adat dikarenakan kewajiban normatif dari undang-undang dan dalam upaya membentuk yurisprudensi. Namun, praktiknya tidak mudah sehingga hakim harus melakukan harmonisasi ke dalam hukum acara positif.
INTEGRASI MEDIASI DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN: STUDI KOMPARATIF MEDIASI PENGADILAN INDONESIA DAN JEPANG
Authors: Herliana Mrs.
Published: August 2023

This research shows that integration of mediation in Indonesian civil court litigation was highly influenced by the wakai system in Japan. Such an integration was approached due to the success of wakai in reducing court’s case load. However, this research discovers that Indonesian court mediation system slightly differs from wakai in Japan. The success rate of Indonesian court mediation is far below that of Japan. In order to achieve its initial aim, some steps need to be taken to strengthen court-assisted mediation. These efforts include increasing the awareness of the mediators and the parties on the importance of mediation, and also better equipping the mediators so that they can serve as competent facilitators. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa pengintegrasian mediasi dalam peradilan hukum perdata Indonesia banyak dipengaruhi oleh sistem wakai di Jepang. Pengintegrasian ini dilakukan karena sistem wakai di Jepang berhasil mengurangi tumpukan perkara. Namun demikian penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sistem mediasi peradilan di Indonesia agak berbeda dengan wakai di Jepang. Tingkat keberhasilan mediasi peradilan di Indonesia jauh di bawah Jepang. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, beberapa langkah perlu dilakukan untuk memperkuat mediasi pengadilan. Langkah-langkah tersebut di antaranya adalah meningkatkan kepedulian mediator maupun para pihak yang berperkara terhadap arti pentingnya mediasi, dan memberikan bekal kepada mediator sehingga dapat bertindak sebagai fasilitator yang sebenarnya.
Extension of Parent Company’s Liability against Third Parties of Subsidiary Company
Authors: Sulistiowati Ms.
Published: August 2023

A parent company’s liability for their subsidiary’s third-party injury, which arises from its own instruction, is a major issue in the law on corporate groups. The ‘separate legal entity’, ‘limited liability’, and ‘limited liability within limited liability’ principles in a pyramidal corporate group construction are the causal factors of this legal complication.  Tanggung jawab induk perusahaan terhadap kerugian pihak ketiga dari anak perusahaan yang menjalankan instruksi induk perusahaan menjadi permasalahan hukum utama pada perusahaan kelompok. Tiga penyebab permasalahan tanggung jawab hukum dalam perusahan kelompok disebabkan oleh berlakunya prinsip separate legal entity, limited liability, maupun limited liability dalam limited liability pada konstruksi kelompok piramida.
Director’s Duty to Employees: Co-Relation Between Corporate and Labour Laws
Authors: Lestari Hesty Diyah
Published: August 2023

Labour law does not always provide a satisfactory answer to the issue on the protection of workers’ or employees’ interests. Modern corporate law gives an alternative way in promoting the interests of employees; whereby it obliges directors to take into account not only shareholders’ but also employees’ interests in decisionmaking process.  Hukum perburuhan tidak selalu memuaskan dalam melindungi kepentingan buruh atau pegawai perusahaan. Hukum perusahaan yang modern memberikan alternatif untuk memajukan kepentingan para pegawai perusahaan, di mana ia menentukan agar direktur dalam mengemban tugasnya pada perusahaan, tidak hanya memperhatikan kepentingan pemegang saham tetapi juga harus memperhatikan kepentingan pegawai dalam proses pengambilan keputusan.
Dinamika Keadilan dan Kepastian Hukum dalam Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Tjandra Willy Riawan
Published: August 2023

The shifting paradigm of formal approach for state based on law to substantive approach for state based on law actually gives space to synchronize justice and legal certainty aspect in the administrative judiciary. Good governance principles as a guidance to evaluate administrative decree should be used to make justice aspect prominent in administrative court’s decision which based on Pancasila.  Pergeseran paradigma negara hukum formil menjadi negara hukum materiil memberikan ruang penyelarasan aspek keadilan dan kepastian hukum dalam Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Asas- Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik sebagai norma yang menilai keabsahan Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara, seharusnya dapat digunakan untuk mengutamakan dimensi keadilan dalam putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara yang berlandaskan Pancasila.
Pembuktian Perdata dalam Kasus Malpraktik di Yogyakarta
Authors: Aristya Sandra Dini Febri
Published: August 2023

The research on civil law evidence on malpractice cases in Yogyakarta was conducted through field and literature studies. The conclusion is that civil law evidence in malpractice case which happened in Yogyakarta is subjected to the civil law procedure. However, the special character of the case creates some deviation on the procedures. Penelitian tentang pembuktian perdata dalam kasus malpraktik di Yogyakarta dilakukan melalui studi lapangan dan studi pustaka. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembuktian perdata dalam kasus malpraktik di Yogyakarta masih menggunakan prosedur hukum acara perdata yang berlaku positif. Namun, karakter khusus dari kasus ini menyebabkan beberapa penyimpangan prosedur.
CATATAN TERHADAP REKRUTMEN HAKIM DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2002-2009
Authors: Linnan David Keith
Published: August 2023

A total of 1,151 secular judges were hired 2002-2009 from 138 law schools. Approximately 70% of Indonesia’s secular judges were recruited 2002-09 from 19 law schools. Beyond law faculty quality, a bias toward “geographic diversity” is also evident. Comments are also made on changing educational demographics of religious judges and further research goals.Sepanjang 2002-2009, 1.151 orang hakim non-pengadilan agama direkrut dari 138 fakultas hukum di Indonesia dengan hampir 70% berasal dari 19 fakultas hukum. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa kualitas fakultas hukum dan sebaran wilayah geografis mempengaruhi pola rekrutmen hakim. Wacana perubahan demografi pendidikan hakim-hakim pengadilan agama juga dibahas dalam tulisan ini.
KONFLIK PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA AIR UNTUK IRIGASI DI KECAMATAN MINGGIR KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Listyawati Hery
Published: August 2023

PP 20/2006 on Irrigation opens opportunity for farmers to determine the type of their agricultural business. However, diversification of agriculture gives rise to conflict of interests in the utilisation of irrigational water resources. Inadequate regulation, supervision, and control of water resources would result to conflicts, particularly in Minggir District, Sleman Regency. Berlakunya PP No. 20 Tahun 2006 tentang Irigasi memberi peluang kepada petani dalam menetukan jenis usaha pertanian. Diversifikasi pertanian berdampak pada terjadinya konflik kepentingan dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya air untuk irigasi. Tanpa pengaturan, pengawasan, dan pengendalian yang baik akan muncul konflik dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya air, khususnya di Kecamatan Minggir, Kabupaten Sleman.
ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK DAN ASAS KEPRIBADIAN DALAM KONTRAK-KONTRAK OUTSOURCING
Authors: Rahman Taufiq El , Innaka R. A. Antari , Hernawan Ari , Darmini Ninik , Dewi Murti Pramuwardhani
Published: August 2023

The freedom of contract applies for parties n outsourcing contracts, even though it is not applicable for outsourcing worker. There are violation in personality principle where the outsourcing contract is applicable for third party. The legal protection for outsourcing worker is also weak. Asas kebebasan berkontrak berlaku bagi para pihak dalam perjanjian outsourcing tetapi tidak berlaku bagi tenaga kerja outsourcing. Terdapat penyimpangan terhadap asas kepribadian, dimana perjanjian outsourcing berlaku bagi tenaga kerja outsourcing yang berkedudukan sebagai pihak ketiga. Perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga kerja outsourcing relatif lemah.
PARADIGMA KOMUNIKATIF: SEBUAH TAWARAN MODEL DALAM PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM
Authors: Hermansyah Mr.
Published: August 2023

The rise of legal positivism paradigm places state law as the truest law. Nevertheless, there are other legal systems, such as religious and customary laws that have different cultural and political systems. Therefore, development in the field of law shall attempt to connect to the various existing legal systems. Menguatnya paradigma positivisme hukum menempatkan hukum negara sebagai hukum yang paling benar. Namun kenyataannya ada sistem hukum lain, seperti hukum adat dan agama, yang memiliki perbedaan sistem budaya, politik, serta kepercayaan. Karenanya, pembangunan di bidang hukum seharusnya merupakan upaya untuk mengkomunikasikan berbagai sistem hukum yang ada tersebut.
LIMITED LIABILITY DALAM LIMITED LIABILITY PADA KONSTRUKSI PERUSAHAAN KELOMPOK PIRAMIDA
Authors: Sulistiowati Ms.
Published: August 2023

Applicability of limited liability in corporate groups with pyramid construction creates a legal loophole in the form of a limited liability within a limited liability. To prevent moral hazard, it is necessary to stipulate new law that limits the number of levels in a corporate group. Berlakunya limited liability pada perusahaan kelompok dengan konstruksi piramida menciptakan celah hukum berupa limited liability dalam limited liability. Untuk mencegah munculnya moral hazard dari pemegang akhir atau induk perbuatan, perlu dilakukan terobosan hukum pembatasan jumlah lapisan anak perusahaan dalam konstruksi perusahaan kelompok.