bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling and Characterisation of Orthotropic Damage in Aluminium Alloy 2024
Authors: Djordjevic Nenad , Sundararajah Ravindran , Vignjevic Rade , Campbell James , Hughes Kevin
Published: August 2024

The aim of the work presented in this paper was development of a thermodynamically consistent constitutive model for orthotopic metals and determination of its parameters based on standard characterisation methods used in the aerospace industry. The model was derived with additive decomposition of the strain tensor and consisted of an elastic part, derived from Helmholtz free energy, Hill’s thermodynamic potential, which controls evolution of plastic deformation, and damage orthotopic potential, which controls evolution of damage in material. Damage effects were incorporated using the continuum damage mechanics approach, with the effective stress and energy equivalence principle. Material characterisation and derivation of model parameters was conducted with standard specimens with a uniform cross-section, although a number of tests with non-uniform cross-sections were also conducted here. The tests were designed to assess the extent of damage in material over a range of plastic deformation values, where displacement was measured locally using digital image correlation. The new model was implemented as a user material subroutine in Abaqus and verified and validated against the experimental results for aerospace-grade aluminium alloy 2024-T3. Verification was conducted in a series of single element tests, designed to separately validate elasticity, plasticity and damage-related parts of the model. Validation at this stage of the development was based on comparison of the numerical results with experimental data obtained in the quasistatic characterisation tests, which illustrated the ability of the modelling approach to predict experimentally observed behaviour. A validated user material subroutine allows for efficient simulation-led design improvements of aluminium components, such as stiffened panels and the other thin-wall structures used in the aerospace industry.
Fuzzy Stress and Strength Reliability Based on the Generalized Mixture Exponential Distribution
Authors: Tian Weizhong , Tian Chengliang , Li Sha , Zhang Yunchu , Han Jiayi
Published: August 2024

This paper discusses the reliability of stress and strength,R, and fuzzy stress and strength reliability, RF, based on generalized mixtures of exponential distributions. We propose several estimation methods, such as the maximize likelihood estimation, the weighted least-squares estimation, and the percentile estimation, to estimate the corresponding measures. Simulation studies have been conducted to compare the proposed estimators’ performance using different settings. These comparisons are based on biases (Bias) and mean squared errors (MSEs), and we find that MSE(PE)>MSE(MLE)>MSE(WLE) and |Bias(PE)|>|Bias(WLE)|>|Bias(MLE)| in most cases. Moreover, the values of RF have the same pattern as R, and the values of MSEs and biases for RF are smaller than R. As the sample size increases, the values of biases for both reliabilities decrease and approach 0. Ultimately, we apply the proposed methods to a data set to illustrate its significance. We find that the estimated values of R are greater than those of RF for all the estimation methods. Moreover, the fuzzy estimators of RF are approximately equal to the estimators R.
RTCA-Net: A New Framework for Monitoring the Wear Condition of Aero Bearing with a Residual Temporal Network under Special Working Conditions and Its Interpretability
Authors: Yang Tongguang , Huang Xingyuan , Zhang Yongjian , Li Jinglan , Zhou Xianwen , Han Qingkai
Published: August 2024

The inter-shaft bearing is the core component of a high-pressure rotor support system of a high-thrust aero engine. One of the most challenging tasks for a PHM is monitoring its working condition. However, considering that in the bearing rotor system of a high-thrust aero engine bearings are prone to wear failure due to unbalanced or misaligned faults of the rotor system, especially in harsh environments, such as those at high operating loads and high rotation speeds, bearing wear can easily evolve into serious faults. Compared with aero engine fault diagnosis and RUL prediction, relatively little research has been conducted on bearing condition monitoring. In addition, considering how to evaluate future performance states with limited time series data is a key problem. At the same time, the current deep neural network model has the technical challenge of poor interpretability. In order to fill the above gaps, we developed a new framework of a residual space–time feature fusion focusing module named RTCA-Net, which focuses on solving the key problem. It is difficult to accurately monitor the wear state of aero engine inter-shaft bearings under special working conditions in practical engineering. Specifically, firstly, a residual space–time structure module was innovatively designed to capture the characteristic information of the metal dust signal effectively. Secondly, a feature-focusing module was designed. By adjusting the change in the weight coefficient during training, the RTCA-Net framework can select the more useful information for monitoring the wear condition of inter-shaft bearings. Finally, the experimental dataset of metal debris was verified and compared with seven other methods, such as the RTC-Net. The results showed that the proposed RTCA-Net framework has good generalization, superiority, and credibility.
Approximate Closed-Form Solutions for Pricing Zero-Coupon Bonds in the Zero Lower Bound Framework
Authors: Jun Jae-Yun , Rakotondratsimba Yves
Published: August 2024

After the 2007 financial crisis, many central banks adopted policies to lower their interest rates; the dynamics of these rates cannot be captured using classical models. Recently, Meucci and Loregian proposed an approach to estimate nonnegative interest rates using the inverse-call transformation. Despite the fact that their work is distinguished from others in the literature by their consideration of practical aspects, some technical difficulties still remain, such as the lack of analytic expression for the zero-coupon bond (ZCB) price. In this work, we propose novel approximate closed-form solutions for the ZCB price in the zero lower bound (ZLB) framework, when the underlying shadow rate is assumed to follow the classical one-factor Vasicek model. Then, a filtering procedure is performed using the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) to estimate the unobservable state variable (the shadow rate), and the model calibration is proceeded by estimating the model parameters using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Further, empirical illustrations are given and discussed using (as input data) the interest rates of the AAA-rated bonds compiled by the European Central Bank ranging from 6 September 2004 to 21 June 2012 (a period that concerns the ZLB framework). Our approximate closed-form solution is able to show a good match between the actual and estimated yield-rate values for short and medium time-to-maturity values, whereas, for long time-to-maturity values, it is able to estimate the trend of the yield rates.
The Degree Energy of a Graph
Authors: Nagalakshmi A. R. , Shrikanth A. S. , Kalavathi G. K. , Sreekeshava K. S.
Published: August 2024

The incidence of edges on vertices is a cornerstone of graph theory, with profound implications for various graph properties and applications. Understanding degree distributions and their implications is crucial for analyzing and modeling real-world networks. This study investigates the impact of vertex degree distribution on the energy landscape of graphs in network theory. By analyzing how vertex connectivity influences graph energy, the research enhances the understanding of network structure and dynamics. It establishes important properties and sharp bounds related to degree spectra and degree energy. Furthermore, the study determines the degree spectra and degree energy for several key families of graphs, providing valuable insights with potential applications across various fields.
An Experimental and Simulation Study on the Formability of Commercial Pure Titanium Foil
Authors: Gau Jenn-Terng , Zhang Kechuang , Zhu Jiaqi
Published: August 2024

In order to understand the formability of as-received tempered commercial pure titanium grade 2 foils (CP Ti Gr2) with a thickness of 38 µm, a series of micro limited dome height (µ-LDH) tests were conducted in quasi-static speed (0.01 mm/s) at room temperature without the use of a lubricant. A technique developed at NIU was also used to create micro-circular grids (ϕ50 μm) on the as-received material. The forming limit curve (FLC) of the CP Ti Gr2 foils was obtained through the proposed µ-LDH test. For having mechanical properties of the CP Ti Gr2 foils for LS-Dyna FEA (Finite Element Analysis) simulations, a series of tensile tests in three directions were also conducted at room temperature with the same speed. The obtained FLC has been validated using a micro deep drawing case study in which both FEA simulations and experiments were conducted and compared. It has been proven in this study that the FLC obtained using the proposed µ-LDH test can be used for an extremely thin sheet-metal-forming process by the automotive, aerospace, medical, energy, and electronic industries, etc., right away for product design, forming process development, tool and die designs, and simulations, etc.
Dose Effect of Polyethylene Microplastics Derived from Commercial Resins on Soil Properties, Bacterial Communities, and Enzymatic Activity
Authors: Cruz Lesbia Gicel , Shen Fo-Ting , Chen Chiou-Pin , Chen Wen-Ching
Published: August 2024

Soils are the largest reservoir of microplastics (MPs) on earth. Since MPs can remain in soils for a very long time, their effects are magnified. In this study, different concentrations of polyethylene (PE) MPs derived from commercial resins (0%, 1%, 7%, and 14%, represented as MP_0, MP_1, MP_7, and MP_14) were added to soils to assess the changes in the soils’ chemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial communities during a 70-day incubation period. The results show that PE MP treatments with low concentrations differed from other treatments in terms of exchangeable Ca and Mg, whereas at high concentrations, the pH and availability of phosphate ions differed. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) enzyme activities exhibited a dose-related trend with the addition of the PE MPs; however, the average FDA and ACP activities were significantly affected only by MP_14. Changes in the microbial communities were observed at both the phylum and family levels with all PE MP treatments. It was revealed that even a low dosage of PE MPs in soils can affect the functional microbes, and a greater impact is observed on those that can survive in polluted environments with limited resources.
Molecular Analysis of Indole and Skatole Decomposition Metabolism in Acinetobacter piscicola p38 Utilizing Biochemical and Omics Approaches
Authors: Wang Zhonghao , Sun Jiajin , Yang Pu , Zhang Wanjun , Jiang Yihong , Liu Qiang , Yang Yunqi , Hao Ruirong , Guo Gang , Huo Wenjie , Zhang Qiang , Li Qinghong
Published: August 2024

Indole and skatole (3-methylindole, C9H9N) are common nitrogen-containing heterocyclic pollutants found in waste, wastewater treatment plants, and public restrooms and are the most notorious compounds in animal feces. Biodegradation was considered a feasible method for the removal of indole and skatole, but a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic pathways under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions was lacking, and the functional genes responsible for skatole biodegradation remained a mystery. Through metagenomic and gene cluster functional analysis, Acinetobacter piscicola p38 (NCBI: CP167896), genes 1650 (styrene monooxygenase: ACDW34_08180), and 1687 (styrene monooxygenase: ACDW34_08350) were identified as having the potential to degrade indole and skatole. The heterologous expression results demonstrate that the genes 1650 and 1651 (flavin reductase: ACDW34_08185), when combined, are capable of degrading indole, while the genes 1687 and 1688 (flavin reductase: ACDW34_08355), in combination, can degrade indole as well as skatole. These reactions necessitate the involvement of flavin reductase and NAD(P)H to catalyze the oxygenation process. This work aimed to provide new experimental evidence for the biodegradation of indole and skatole. This study offered new insights into our understanding of skatole degradation. The Acinetobacter_piscicola p38 strain provided an effective bacterial resource for the bioremediation of fecal indole and skatole.
The Use of Dried Matrix Spots as an Alternative Sampling Technique for Monitoring Neglected Tropical Diseases
Authors: Richert Wanesa , Korzeniewski Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of illnesses which usually present with a chronic clinical picture. NTDs can lead to permanent disability and are often associated with social stigma. In many developing countries where NTDs are endemic, there are no diagnostic tools for the safe storage and transport of biological samples, and there are no specialist diagnostic centers where the samples could be processed. The transport of biological samples (blood, urine) collected in field conditions and brought to laboratories located in developed countries requires the maintenance of the cold chain during transportation. Ensuring temperature control during transport could be problematic or even impossible to achieve; it is also expensive. A helpful solution to this problem is to use the dried matrix spot (DMS) technique, which seems to be a reliable method for collecting biological samples to be used for screening purposes and conducting epidemiological surveillance of NTDs in developing countries. This article is an overview of how DMSs can be used in the diagnosis of most neglected tropical diseases.
A Review of Botanical Extracts with Repellent and Insecticidal Activity and Their Suitability for Managing Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk in Mexico
Authors: Corzo-Gómez Josselin Carolina , Espinosa-Juárez Josué Vidal , Ovando-Zambrano Jose Carlos , Briones-Aranda Alfredo , Cruz-Salomón Abumalé , Esquinca-Avilés Héctor Armando
Published: August 2024

Among the main arboviruses affecting public health in tropical regions are dengue, zika, and chikungunya, transmitted mainly by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus, especially Aedes aegypti. In recent years, outbreaks have posed major challenges to global health, highlighting the need for integrated and innovative strategies for their control and prevention. Prevention strategies include the elimination of vectors and avoiding mosquito bites; this can be achieved through the use of bioinsecticides and repellents based on plant phytochemicals, as they offer sustainable, ecological, and low-cost alternatives. Mexico has a variety of plants from which both extracts and essential oils have been obtained which have demonstrated significant efficacy in repelling and/or killing insect vectors. This review examines the current knowledge on plant species found in Mexico which are promising options concerning synthetic compounds in terms of their repellent and insecticidal properties against mosquitoes of the genus Aedes and that are friendly to the environment and health.
Thermoacoustic Imaging Using Single-Channel Data Acquisition System for Non-Invasive Assessment of Liver Microwave Ablation: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Song Ling , Peng Wanting , Lu Qiang , Feng Lian , Yang Zeqi , Huang Lin , Luo Yan
Published: August 2024

Microwave ablation (MWA) plays a crucial role in non-surgical liver cancer treatment, but the existing efficacy evaluation tools lack the characteristics of being real-time, non-invasive, and efficient. As an emerging imaging technology, thermoacoustic imaging (TAI) has attracted extensive clinical attention for its excellent merits, which combine the advantages of high contrast in microwave imaging and high resolution in ultrasound imaging. Particularly, the application of a circular scanned single-channel data acquisition system maximizes the capture of thermoacoustic signals, thereby providing more comprehensive image information and rendering reconstructed images closer to reality. This study aimed to verify the feasibility of TAI in non-invasive evaluation of the efficacy of MWA on ex vivo porcine liver and in vivo rabbit liver. During the experiments, ultrasound is used to cross-verify the results of TAI to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the method. Additionally, by altering the thickness of porcine liver tissue to increase the distance (from 0 mm to 80 mm) between the horn antenna and the target (soy sauce tube), TAI is used to observe the change of the image signal-to-noise ratio to preliminarily explore the imaging depth of TAI. The results of ex and in vivo experiments can not only promote the clinical application of TAI, but also be expected to provide a more accurate and reliable efficacy assessment method for MWA in liver cancer treatment.
Rapid Determination of Rivaroxaban by Using Terahertz Metamaterial Biosensor
Authors: Huang Xinghao , Wu Jing , Wu Xu , Peng Yan
Published: August 2024

Rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, is widely used in the management and prevention of thrombotic conditions. Dose adjustments are necessary to optimize efficacy based on individual physiological differences. However, current analytical methods are impractical for clinical use due to complex sample preparation and lengthy detection times. This paper presents a terahertz (THz) metamaterial biosensor for the rapid determination of rivaroxaban within 10–15 min. The THz absorption peaks of rivaroxaban were first identified based on THz spectroscopy. Subsequently, a metamaterial structure with rotational symmetry was designed to resonate at the absorption peaks of rivaroxaban. Theoretical simulations and experimental measurements analyzed changes of the resonance peak at different rivaroxaban concentrations, including frequency shifts and amplitude variations. Based on these changes, rivaroxaban concentration can be quantified with the limits of detection (LODs) of 5.01 μmol/mL for peak shift and 1.067 μmol/mL for peak absorbance, respectively. This study presents a novel approach for the rapid determination of rivaroxaban, providing potential improvements in therapeutic drug monitoring and personalized medical treatment.
The Three-Dimensional Heterogeneous Simulation Study of CO2 Flooding in Low-Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Yang , Nie Fajian , Zhang Bin , Liu Tenglong , Hong Yi
Published: August 2024

CO2 flooding can significantly enhance oil recovery. However, the research on the distribution of remaining oil after CO2-oil and the method of further enhancing oil recovery still needs to be strengthened. Traditional studies on the mechanisms of CO2 flooding to enhance oil recovery mainly focus on core displacement experiments. In order to better simulate the actual field conditions, we conducted a three-dimensional heterogeneous physical simulation experiment. Compared to conventional core displacement experiments, three-dimensional heterogeneous physical model displacement experiments align more closely with actual conditions at the oilfield site. This study establishes a large-scale indoor three-dimensional high-temperature high-pressure displacement physical model and employs three different oil displacement methods: CO2–Water alternating flooding, CO2–Water alternating combined with foam flooding, and CO2–Water alternating combined with imbibition agent flooding. The study investigates the distribution of residual oil and recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs under different injection and production methods. We proposed three experimental schemes to see which one would have better effects in the oilfield. Experimental results show that CO2–Water alternating flooding combined with different chemical flooding agents improves oil recovery. The CO2–Water alternating combined with an imbibition enhancer flooding method achieves the best results, with recovery increased by 16.3% and 1.7% compared to CO2–Water alternating flooding and CO2–Water alternating combined with foam flooding, respectively. The imbibition agent significantly improves wettability and spontaneous imbibition by reducing interfacial tension and resolving the issue of CO2 failing to enter small pores under low differential pressure conditions, thereby maximizing recovery and displacement efficiency.
Sensor-Based Gait and Balance Assessment in Healthy Adults: Analysis of Short-Term Training and Sensor Placement Effects
Authors: Rentz Clara , Kaiser Vera , Jung Naomi , Turlach Berwin A. , Sahandi Far Mehran , Peterburs Jutta , Boltes Maik , Schnitzler Alfons , Amunts Katrin , Dukart Juergen , Minnerop Martina
Published: August 2024

While the analysis of gait and balance can be an important indicator of age- or disease-related changes, it remains unclear if repeated performance of gait and balance tests in healthy adults leads to habituation effects, if short-term gait and balance training can improve gait and balance performance, and whether the placement of wearable sensors influences the measurement accuracy. Healthy adults were assessed before and after performing weekly gait and balance tests over three weeks by using a force plate, motion capturing system and smartphone. The intervention group (n = 25) additionally received a home-based gait and balance training plan. Another sample of healthy adults (n = 32) was assessed once to analyze the impact of sensor placement (lower back vs. lower abdomen) on gait and balance analysis. Both the control and intervention group exhibited improvements in gait/stance. However, the trends over time were similar for both groups, suggesting that targeted training and repeated task performance equally contributed to the improvement of the measured variables. Since no significant differences were found in sensor placement, we suggest that a smartphone used as a wearable sensor could be worn both on the lower abdomen and the lower back in gait and balance analyses.
Improving Triethylamine-Sensing Performance of WO3 Nanoplates through In Situ Heterojunction Construction
Authors: Tian Kuan , Yang Kai , Ren Xuening , Miao Yuxin , Liu Mengyao , Su Mingxing , Wu Jiawen , Sun Yu’an , Xu Pengcheng
Published: August 2024

Surface engineering techniques can be used to develop high-performance gas sensing materials and advance the development of sensors. In this study, we improved the gas sensing performance of two-dimensional (2D) WO3 nanoplates by combining surface Zn modification and the in situ formation of ZnWO4/WO3 heterojunctions. Introducing Zn atoms by surface modification can reconstruct the atomic surface of 2D WO3 nanoplates, creating additional active sites. This allowed for the preparation of various types of ZnWO4/WO3 heterojunctions on the surface of the WO3 nanoplates, which improved the selectivity and sensitivity to the target gas triethylamine. The sensor exhibited good gas sensing performance for triethylamine even at low operating temperatures and strongly resisted humidity changes. The ZnWO4/WO3 material we prepared demonstrated a nearly threefold improvement in the triethylamine (TEA) response, with a gas sensing responsivity of 40.75 for 10 ppm of TEA at 250 °C. The sensor based on ZnWO4/WO3 has a limit of detection (LOD) for TEA of 200 ppb in practical measurements (its theoretical LOD is even as low as 31 ppb). The method of growing ZnWO4 on the surface of WO3 nanoplates using surface modification techniques to form surface heterojunctions differs from ordinary composites. The results suggest that the in situ construction of surface heterojunctions using surface engineering strategies, such as in situ modifying, is a practical approach to enhance the gas sensing properties and resistance to the humidity changes of metal oxide materials.
Open-Path Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy for Simultaneous Detection of Hydrogen Chloride and Particles in Cleanroom Environment
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , L’Orange Christian , Lim Cheongha , Kwon Deokhyeon , Yalin Azer P.
Published: August 2024

The present study addresses advanced monitoring techniques for particles and airborne molecular contaminants (AMCs) in cleanroom environments, which are crucial for ensuring the integrity of semiconductor manufacturing processes. We focus on quantifying particle levels and a representative AMC, hydrogen chloride (HCl), having known detrimental effects on equipment longevity, product yield, and human health. We have developed a compact laser sensor based on open-path cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) using a 1742 nm near-infrared diode laser source. The sensor enables the high-sensitivity detection of HCl through absorption by the 2-0 vibrational band with an Allan deviation of 0.15 parts per billion (ppb) over 15 min. For quantifying particle number concentrations, we examine various detection methods based on statistical analyses of Mie scattering-induced ring-down time fluctuations. We find that the ring-down distributions’ 3rd and 4th standard moments allow particle detection at densities as low as ~105 m−3 (diameter > 1 μm). These findings provide a basis for the future development of compact cleanroom monitoring instrumentation for wafer-level monitoring for both AMC and particles, including mobile platforms.
Prevalence and Misreporting of Illicit Drug Use among Electronic Dance Music Festivals Attendees: A Comparative Study between Sweden and Belgium
Authors: Feltmann Kristin , Hauspie Bert , Dirkx Nicky , Elgán Tobias H. , Beck Olof , Van Havere Tina , Gripenberg Johanna
Published: August 2024

Illicit drug use is common among attendees of electronic dance music (EDM) festivals, but is often significantly underreported by participants. The current study aimed to compare the prevalence and over- and under-reporting of illicit drug use among attendees at EDM festivals in two European countries with distinct drug laws and cultures. Self-reported data regarding recent drug use were collected through interviews. Participants’ blood alcohol concentrations were measured using a breathalyzer. Recent illicit drug use was assessed through sampling microparticles in the breath and consequent off-site analysis through liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectroscopy. Illicit drug use was higher in Belgium than in Sweden as indicated by self-reports (56.8 vs. 4.3%) and drug testing (37.2 vs. 12.5%). Underreporting was higher in Sweden than in Belgium; in Sweden, only 2.6% reported taking an illicit drug other than cannabis, whereas 11.6% tested positive, while the corresponding figures in Belgium were 36.5% and 36.9%. In both countries, results from self-reporting and drug testing for specific drugs matched poorly at the individual level, indicating unwitting consumption of substances. This study indicates that the drug use prevalence and the likelihood of disclosure may differ between countries or cultures, which should be considered when choosing methods to investigate drug use prevalence.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Accumulation, Reproductive Impairment, and Associations with Nestling Body Condition in Great (Parus major)- and Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) Living near a Hotspot in Belgium
Authors: Groffen Thimo , Buytaert Jodie , Prinsen Els , Bervoets Lieven , Eens Marcel
Published: August 2024

Due to the limited number of field studies investigating associations between environmentally relevant per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures and reproductive impairment, there is uncertainty as to whether birds are affected by PFAS pollution, whether species differ in sensitivity to PFAS, and whether the observed reproductive impairment is caused by PFAS or rather due to other potential confounding variables. Therefore, we investigated PFAS concentrations in eggs and blood plasma of great tit (Parus major) and blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nestlings near a PFAS hotspot in Belgium, reproductive impairment, and associations between the accumulated levels and nestling body condition. In total, 29 eggs and 22 blood plasma samples of great tit clutches, and 10 egg and 10 blood plasma samples of blue tit clutches, were collected. Despite more types of PFAS being detected in eggs compared to plasma, only minor differences in profiles were observed between species. On the other hand, tissue-specific differences were more pronounced and likely reflect a combination of maternal transfer and dietary exposure post-hatching. Despite the high concentrations detected in both species, limited reproductive impairment was observed. Our results support previous findings that great tits and blue tits may not be very susceptible to PFAS pollution and provide evidence that other factors, including ecological stoichiometry, may be more important in explaining inter-species variation in PFAS accumulation and reproductive impairment.
Infrared Regularization of Very Special Relativity Models
Authors: Alfaro Jorge
Published: August 2024

We extend the Sim(2) invariant infrared regularization of Very Special Relativity models, that we have proposed recently, to include γ5 Dirac matrix. Then, we solve the Very Special Relativity Schwinger model, find the chiral anomaly, and clarify its meaning in the new context. In addition, we show that the triangle anomaly in four space-time dimensions agrees with the same object in standard quantum electrodynamics. Finally, we apply the infrared regularization to compute the large N limit of the Very Special Relativity Gross–Neveu model.
An Overview of Model-Free Adaptive Control for the Wheeled Mobile Robot
Authors: Zhang Chen , Cen Chen , Huang Jiahui
Published: August 2024

Control technology for wheeled mobile robots is one of the core focuses in the current field of robotics research. Within this domain, model-free adaptive control (MFAC) methods, with their advanced data-driven strategies, have garnered widespread attention. The unique characteristic of these methods is their ability to operate without relying on prior model information of the control system, which showcases their exceptional capability in ensuring closed-loop system stability. This paper extensively details three dynamic linearization techniques of MFAC: compact form dynamic linearization, partial form dynamic linearization and full form dynamic linearization. These techniques lay a solid theoretical foundation for MFAC. Subsequently, the article delves into some advanced MFAC schemes, such as dynamic event-triggered MFAC and iterative learning MFAC. These schemes further enhance the efficiency and intelligence level of control systems. In the concluding section, the paper briefly discusses the future development potential and possible research directions of MFAC, aiming to offer references and insights for future innovations in control technology for wheeled mobile robots.
The Romanian language in historical, literary and linguistic context in the 20th century, until 1989
Authors:   Universität Rostock, Windisch Rudolf
Published: August 2024

After the peace treaties of Saint-Germain and Trianon (1919, 1920), Romania was able to significantly increase its borders as compared to the pre-war period, becaming „Great Romania”, which inspired writers, such as Liviu Rebreanu, Camil Petrescu or Cezar Petrescu, to an artistic and literary movement, emphasizing national identity. Lucian Blaga triggered a philosophical-poetic current. Mihail Sadoveanu should not be forgotten either. Tristian Tzara proclaimed „Dadaism”, which also influenced the French avant-garde. Iorgu Iordan, the grammarian, attem¬pted to align the innovations of Romanian by imposing the culture of the language on grammarians, which resulted in a sort of mythical language of the socialist society, a „wooden language” (Zafiu 2009) .
Historical and dialectal research on Romanian negative temporal adverbs
Authors:   Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „I. Iordan – Al. Rosetti”, Zamfir Dana-Mihaela , Bota Marinela ,   Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „I. Iordan – Al. Rosetti”, Dinică Andreea ,   Academia Română, Institutul de Lingvistică „I. Iordan – Al. Rosetti”
Published: August 2024

The present work tracks the rate of expansion of the negative adverb niciodată ‘never’ and its generalization in contemporary Romanian (both standard and largely prevalent at the dialectal level). The origin of its actual status is historically complicated by its diachronic “competition” with other forms of expressing total temporal negation and its absence at the most remote period of written Romanian (16th century). We have described and followed, at the historical level, three formal patterns of negative adverbs with temporal meaning: i) nece ‘nor’ + relative adverb (e.g. nececăndu lit. ‘not ever’), ii) nece ‘nor’ + indefinite adverb (e.g. necedănăoară (‘not once’), iii) nici ‘nor’ + a second indefinite adverb, whose etymological structure relies on the Romanian synonymy between dată ‘a specific time; one time’ (a femi¬nine participial form of a da ‘to give’ Lat. dāre) and oară ( Lat. hōra) (e.g. neceodată ‘not once’, literally ‘at no time’). Our research examines the historical and dialectal distribution of those three types, as well as the rate of extension of type III at the expense of type II (practically general in old Romanian); it also delves into the survival of type I (highly charac¬teristic to Banat area in old Romanian). We have compared the written usage of the three types described above with their dialectal usage (such as can be seen in recorded versions of dialectal inquests) and their linguistic description in several Romanian grammars along the time.
SOCIALIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT COORDINATE SYSTEM
Authors: Золотарева О.А.
Published: August 2024

В статье представлена оценка динамики, структуры и территориальных различий параметров, характеризующих социализацию экономики России в контексте системы координат устойчивого развития. Автором проанализирована динамика показателей реальных располагаемых денежных доходов населения и их структура. Среди применяемых методов анализа официальных статистических данных Росстата, в частности, проводятся расчеты автором интегральных коэффициентов структурных сдвигов Гатева и Рябцева, а также применяются процедуры кластеризации регионов. Основным выводом проведенного исследования явились заключения не только о неоднозначной динамике реальных доходов, но и о существенной трансформации их структуры. Проведенный автором анализ уровня доходов семей с детьми и суммарного коэффициента рождаемости позволил сделать один из основных выводов работы ‒ тезис о недостаточности мер поддержки семей с детьми. В статье также сформулированы предложения по достижению высокого уровня социализации экономики относительно программы материнского капитала, государственной поддержки семей с детьми и создания высокопроизводительных рабочих мест, направленные как на увеличение доходов семей с детьми и сокращения неравенства, так и, одновременно с этим, на рост рождаемости.

The article presents an assessment of the dynamics, structure and territorial differences in the parameters characterizing the socialization of the Russian economy in the sustainable development coordinate system. The author analyzed the dynamics of real disposable monetary income of the population indicators and their structure. Among the methods used to analyze Rosstat official statistical data, in particular, the author calculates the Gatev and Ryabtsev’s integral coefficients of structural shifts, and applies the clustering of regions procedures. The main conclusion of the study was not only about the ambiguous dynamics of real incomes, but also about a significant transformation of their structure. The author's analysis of the income level of families with children and the total fertility rate allowed to make one of the main - the thesis on the measures insufficiency to support families with children. The article also formulates proposals for achieving a high level of socialization of the economy regarding the maternity capital program, state support for families with children and the creation of highly productive jobs aimed at both increasing the income of families with children and reducing inequality, and, at the same time, increasing the birth rate.
Formação de professores(as) e organização do trabalho pedagógico nas Escolas do Campo: problematizações a partir de uma linha de pesquisa do PPGEDUCAMPO/UFRB
Authors: Verdério Alex , Zdebski da Silva Janaine , De Oliveira Santos Cordeiro Karina
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a contribuição da produção acadêmico-científica da Linha 1 do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação do Campo da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia: Formação de Professores e Organização do Trabalho Pedagógico nas Escolas do Campo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que utilizou fontes primárias a partir do levantamento dos produtos finais elaborados pelos(as) egressos(as) da supracitada Linha de Pesquisa. Para tanto, realizou-se uma discussão teórica acerca das seguintes categorias: Formação de Professores e Organização do Trabalho Pedagógico na Educação do Campo. Conforme as análises das produções acadêmicos-científicas, identificou-se que os 56 produtos se encontram distribuídos nos nove grupos temáticos que compõem a referida linha de pesquisa, a saber: Escola do Campo; Processos de alfabetização; Escolarização e profissionalização no/do campo; Formação de professores(as); Diversidade Étnico-Racial nas Escolas do Campo; Acesso e permanência da Juventude Campesina à Universidade; Gestão de Projetos Institucionais e Financiamento da Educação, Organização Política e Trabalho Docente. Nesse sentido, os trabalhos analisados configuram investigações acadêmicas capazes de promover outras formas de implementação do trabalho docente nas escolas do campo alinhadas ao projeto educativo da Educação do Campo. Além disso, o estudo possibilitou identificar as contribuições das produções acadêmicos-científicas para o fortalecimento das organizações populares e movimentos sociais do campo, bem como das ações pedagógicas nas diversas redes de educação pública na Bahia, no Nordeste e no Brasil.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE MULTIPLICAÇÃO DE ENXAMES DE ABELHAS AFRICANIZADAS
Authors: Oliveira de Sousa Chagas Nailton , Da Silva Morais Lucas , Girlane Tertulino Domingos Hérica , Alves da Silva Leandro , Rodrigues de Araujo Neto Edgar , Peres Gramacho Kátia
Published: August 2024

A atividade apícola no Brasil, principalmente no Nordeste, é marcada pela constante perda de enxames e os apicultores buscam suprir essas perdas com a captura de enxames migratórios. Os apicultores que detêm um pouco mais de conhecimento buscam multiplicar seus enxames, usando diversos métodos de divisão e multiplicação de enxames, porém, na maioria das vezes não é avaliado qual destes são mais indicados para esse processo, levando-se em consideração o tempo necessário para as colônias se desenvolverem. Objetivou-se avaliar três métodos comumente usados pelos apicultores quanto ao número de dias que as colônias levam para se desenvolverem. Para isso,12 colônias de abelhas africanizadas foram agrupadas em 3 tratamentos, sendo: Método Tradicional; Método X e Método Torre) com 4 repetições cada.  As variáveis foram submetidas a análise de variância e teste de Tukey-Kramer. Houve diferença significativa entre os métodos de multiplicação testados nas colônias filhas (F = 7,16; df = 2, 9; P = 0,014) e nas colônias mães (F = 30,4; df = 2,9; P < 0,01). Os métodos Torre e X apresentaram desenvolvimento mais rápido em relação ao método tradicional (P < 0,05). Analisando comparativamente o período de desenvolvimento das colônias filhas com o período de recuperação das colônias mães, foi observado que não houve diferença estatística entre estas (P>0,05). Conclui-se que os métodos Torre e X podem ser aplicados no processo de multiplicação de enxames, tendo a garantia que estes permitem um menor intervalo de tempo para o desenvolvimento da colônia filha e recuperação da colônia doadora.
Мобилизация немцев юга Бессарабии в русскую армию (1914-1917 гг.)
Authors: Ivan Tatarinov
Published: August 2024

During World War I, almost all the nationalities of the Russian Empire were mobilized to the front. The government also sent Germans ethnics to the army. One of the largest and most compact communities of German diaspora lived at that time in the province of Bessarabia. This paper undertakes the analysis of the process of mobilizing Bessarabian Germans, based on archival documents. The author examines how service was conducted for Russian Germans, and reveals, as a piece of novelty, the number of the Germans from Bessarabia mobilized during World War I to fight for Russia.
Political Thinkers Present in Nicolae Steinhardt's Journalism
Authors: PRECUPANU Monica
Published: August 2024

Nicolae Steinhardt was a refined intellectual who asserted himself in the interwar period through his collaboration with journals such as Revista Fundațiilor Regale, Revista Burgheză, Victoria, Libertatea etc. Apart from the topics that prove N. Steinhardt's love of literature and of any aspect related to culture and art, many of his interwar articles reveal a fine analytical sense at the political level. Steinhardt’s anchoring in political life and his concern for understanding political concepts and identifying the features of effective governance are revealed by reading, analysing and exposing the political ideas launched by various thinkers.In the interwar Steinhardtian journalism one finds pertinent radiographs of different political events that changed the course of history, dissections of political ideologies but also critical analyses of the political ideas of important thinkers of different political “colours” and various ethnic origins, such as: Alexis de Tocqueville, Joseph Barthélemy, Lucien Prévost-Paradol, Benjamin Constant, Silvio Trentin, André Suarès, Georges Sorel, Saint-Simon etc. The way of reporting to the works and their theories is intended to be an objective one by pointing out some positive and negative aspects, but in essence they reflect the author's subjectivity and Steinhardt's political conceptions: the distinction between democracy and liberalism, support for constitutional monarchy and people’s freedom, hostility to universal suffrage as a form of mass tyranny, opposition to any form of totalitarianism.
Historical-cultural references about the Greek-Romanian School of the Neamţ Monastery
Authors: Stigleţ Vera
Published: August 2024

The range of the 19th-century priests who activated at the Neamț Monastery includes the archimandrite Neonil Buzilă. The account of his contribution to the actions of the ecclesiastical, cultural, and political life conducted within the premises of this place of worship has been published in scientific volumes. The paper features the outcomes of the cultural irradiation of Neonil’s School, reified in the training of specialised monks, translations, and typographer masters who disseminated their teachings and literacy. He was also a visionary as he predicted the role of education and culture in spiritual evolution. This study aims to bring new data regarding learning in the Neamț area.
The contribution of the monasteries in the counties of Neamţ and Roman to the Great Union
Authors: Spiridon Elena-Diana
Published: August 2024

This article is presenting the perspectives regarding the contribution of the monasteries, priests and monks from de counties of Neamț and Roman to the Great Union in 1918. We note the contribution of monasteries where there was military hospital and orphanage for war orphans. Dozens of nuns from this monastery functioned as nurses in hospitals in Moldova. The contribution of nuns from the monastery who have worked in the front or in military hospitals should also not be forgotten. The Romanian Orthodox Church was an active participant, within its competences, in the War of National Unification.
The role of oral history in urban studies of the late Stalin period (on the example of the Izmail region of the Ukrainian SSR)
Authors: Ilin Oleksii
Published: August 2024

The article purposes are firstly to reveal the scientific potential of oral sources in urban studies of the late Stalin period; secondly to analyze the scientific potential of oral sources collected and published before; thirdly to investigate the features of oral sources of the Izmail region on our own collected materials. The scientific novelty is presented: firstly by analyzing degree of using oral sources in history studies of the region; secondly the oral archives of the Izmail region, as well as published oral sources were studied; thirdly features of oral sources of the Izmail region on our own material have been characterized. The conclusions. Oral sources are widely used by Ukrainian historians to study different aspects of the Izmail region history, such as famine and everyday life. The informative potential of oral sources had been collected before is significant, especially of the archive of the Center for Oral History of the Izmail State University of Humanities. However, the number of published transcripts is still insufficient. Having conducted our research, we can follow some features of oral sources of the Izmail region: 1) the elderly age of the respondents; 2) unwillingness to make contact and fear of the interviewer; 3) important, but not the determining factor in the quality of the interview is the respondent level of education; 4) use of predominantly Russian language; 5) a significant predominance of women in this age group.
Studying ottoman karamürsel vessels. The sources and the need for a different approach
Authors: Apetrei Cristian Nicolae
Published: August 2024

The amount of knowledge we have aboutcaramoussals can be regarded as insufficient, as long as there is no agreement among scholars even on the naval architecture of these sailcrafts. As Ottoman sources have failed to advance research in this field, more attention should be paid to sources from Christian Europe. This paper investigates the existing sources, both Ottoman and Christian, and how historians have approached them so far, in order to assess if there is more to learn from them. Firstly, the paper concludes that there are two assumptions responsible for the inability of scholars to reach consensus: 1) that the term karamürsel is the name given to a single type of vessel; 2) that the available sources reflect contradictory and mutually exclusive information. Secondly, it refutes these presumptions as unfounded, and instead postulates as a methodological premise the following certainty: the information discussed here is complementary in nature, since it complements each other. The main argument employed here is provided by a Florentine manuscript containing drawings of vessels calledcaramussali, which have different characteristics. It can be inferred from this that the term karamürsel was not applied to a single type of vessel, but was used to designate simultaneously different types of vessels. This new approach to sources opens up several research opportunities, which the author insists on at the end of his paper.
Operaţiuni militare române pentru controlul retragerii trupelor bolşevice spre Rusia (nov. 1917-mar. 1918)
Authors: Aelenei Paul
Published: August 2024

After the October Revolution of 1917, the Russian army on Romanian territory disintegrated and began its retreat home. A large part of the Russian soldiers, who in the meantime had become Bolsheviks, escaped from the control of their commanders, and, on their way to the Dniester, began to commit a series of crimes against the population and civil institutions, namely destruction, robbery, rape and even murders. Sometimes they attacked military depots or seized trains on which they boarded and headed for the border to Russia. Other times they entered into armed conflict with the Romanian troops who were trying to ensure the protection of the population and the guarding of strategic objectives. To put an end to this anarchic situation, the Romanian army took a series of measures that led to the neutralization of the Bolshevik groups and taking control of the disorganized, retreating troops.