bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paredes de Nava: Un espacio rural experimental
Authors: García de Acilu José María
Published: November 2021

Àngels Castellarnau Visús, Pilar Diez Rodríguez, Miguel Macho Villameriel, Ignacio Represa Bermejo, Sebastiano D`UrsoWorkshop arquitectura tradicional e identidad localAssur - Laboratorio Cultural, 2020
A richly illustrated book about a worthwhile project
Authors: Eppich Rand
Published: November 2021

Carmen Moreno Adán, Susana Osés, Raquel Peña López and Giamila QuattroneOuled Youssef, an old ksar in the M’Hamid OasisINTBAU España, 2020
TARİHİ BİR MEYDANIN PEYZAJ TASARIMI: ÇANAKKALE ZAFER MEYDANI
Authors: ERDURAN NEMUTLU Füsun
Published: November 2021

Kentlere kimlik kazandıran meydanlar erişim, ticaret, estetik ve rekreasyon gibi farklı sosyal ve kültürel işlevlere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Çanakkale kent tarihinde önemli işlevlere sahne olmuş Çanakkale Zafer Meydanının yeniden ele alınarak tasarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Zafer Meydanı görsel olarak incelenmiş, yapısal ve bitkisel elemanları analiz edilmiştir. Alanın kent kullanımındaki işlevleri ve kullanıcıların ihtiyaçları dikkate alınarak yenilenmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Meydanın kentin iki ana aksını birbirine bağlaması sağlanırken oturma-dinlenme üniteleri çeşitlendirilerek zenginleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca alanda estetik bitkisel kompozisyonlara yer verilmiştir. Fikir projesi niteliğinde olan peyzaj tasarımı çalışmasının gelecekte kamu kurumları ve yerel yönetime katkı sağlaması hedeflenmiştir.
TARİHİ BİR KAYNAK OLARAK XIX. YÜZYIL NÜFUS DEFTERLERİNDEKİ YABANCİYÂN KAYITLARININ GÖÇ ARAŞTIRMALARINDAKİ YERİ: ISPARTA VE ÇEVRE KAZALAR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YİĞİT İlker , YAKAR Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Nüfusun yaşadığı yerle ilişkisi toplumsal yapının farklı tipleriyle yakından ilişkilidir. Değişen süreleri kapsayan yaşadığı yerden ayrılma ise, geleneksel tarım toplumunda daha çok zorunluluklarla ilgili olsa da sadece bunlarla sınırlı değildir. Nitekim XIX. yüzyıl Nüfus defterlerindeki Yabanciyân kayıtlarından edinilen bilgilere göre ticaret yapmak, eğitim almak, kamu görevlisi olmak, birisinin hizmetinde çalışmak gibi çeşitli nedenlerin kısa veya uzun süreli olarak nüfus hareketlerine neden olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Tam da bu noktada araştırma, XIX. yüzyılın ortalarında tarım toplumundaki nüfus hareketliliğinin dünkü profilini ve örüntülerini Hamid sancağının bazı kazaları örneğinde Yabanciyân kayıtları üzerinden açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışma, Yabanciyân kayıtlarının göç araştırmalarındaki yerini ve önemini açıklamanın yanı sıra burada yer alan verilerin göç olarak değerlendirilip değerlendirilemeyeceğine dair bir tartışmayı da yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada, nüfus hareketlerinin dünkü karakteristiklerinin bugüne yansımalarına dair çıkarımlarla ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuçta, Yabanciyân kayıtlarındaki verilerin kapsam ve sınırlılıklarıyla birlikte göçün tarihine dair özgün yeri kadar dünden bugüne devam edegelen göç örüntüleri ve göçmen ağlarının geçmişine dair kayda değer katkılarının olduğu belirlenmiştir.
DEPRESSÃO, ANSIEDADE E O USO DE PSICOFÁRMACOS NA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Feitosa Ritana da Silva , Cruz junior Raineldes Avelino da
Published: November 2021

A depressão é uma doença psíquica que acomete o físico, trazendo maiores danos à saúde mental existente no mundo, sendo o terceiro maior acometimento digno de afastamento ao trabalho. Seu principal sinal, solidão, afastamento de pessoas ou grupo social, sentimentos negativos, raiva, insegurança. Dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) indicam um número crescente de casos de depressão na última década, calculados em cerca de 320 milhões de pessoas. No entanto, o Brasil sobressai-se quando comparados aos demais países latino-americanos. Sendo decretada a pandemia do covid-19 pela organização mundial de saúde (OMS), no dia 11 de março de 2020, após calamidade e catástrofe a saúde, identificado em Wuhan, província Hubel na China. A pandemia trouxe diversos acometimentos ao mundo em geral, como: desemprego, fome, medo, morte, a escassez de informações sobre o desfecho e duração da pandemia favoreceu o estabelecimento de desordens ou problemas psicopatológicos como medo, ansiedade, depressão, pânico. O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar os índices que crescimento da ansiedade e depressão durante a pandemia do covid-19 e o uso de possíveis psicotrópicos como solução da melhoria da qualidade de vida. O estudo tem como perfil a revisão integrativa com artigos mais recentes com temas semelhantes nas redes. Pubmed, Scielo, Bireme, Lilacs, Medline. Foi possível identificar que os agravos psicológicos obtiveram grandes índices em todos os públicos; principalmente, aos profissionais da saúde que atuaram frente à pandemia, com o isolamento social e o enfrentamento de situações inesperada nesse período. O medicamento mais aceito foi o oxalato de escitalopram, sertralina e o bromazepam. Portanto, fica claro que a depressão passou a ter dados maiores que os casos de contaminação de COVID-19, acometendo todos os públicos no período de isolamento social, onde impõem as pessoas uma mudança radical no estilo de vida, somando o medo de contaminação, a impossibilidade de contato físico trazendo grandes transtornos a saúde mental.
A CANNABIS SATIVA E SUAS PROPRIEDADES FARMACOLÓGICAS NO TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNO DE ANSIEDADE – REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Carvalho Karoliny Mascarenhas , Souza Layane dos Santos , Silva Paloma Lima da , Oliveira Sâmia Paula Santos Neves
Published: November 2021

Introdução: A fisiopatologia do transtorno de ansiedade envolve sistemas, estruturas e neurotransmissores, que são alterados de acordo fatores ambientais, podendo haver inúmeros mecanismos de ação. As pesquisas demográficas hoje indicam uma perspectiva em que a ansiedade abrange uma área de evidências entre as principais crises psicológicas, estando à frente da depressão. Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), o Brasil tem o maior índice de pessoas ansiosas do mundo: 18,6 milhões de brasileiros (9,3% da população) convivem com o transtorno. A Cannabis sativa, (planta popularmente conhecida como maconha), é composta por mais de 400 substâncias dentre as quais se destacam o tetrahidrocanabinol (THC) e o canabidiol (CBD) pelos seus benefícios na ansiedade. Objetivo: Apresentar os efeitos do CBD e THC conforme resultados associados com a ansiedade em animais de laboratório e humanos. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura, com levantamento na base de dados PudMed, SciElo, ScienceDirect e Google acadêmico, dos estudos experimentais que testaram a combinação de CBD e THC nas condições subredito foi realizado. Resultado: Dos estudos localizados na base de dados, 19 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, com a relação do sistema endocanabinóide e com a fisiopatologia do transtorno de ansiedade, foram evidenciadas respostas promissoras com o uso de CBD e THC, obtendo-se resultados ansiolíticos, conforme a segurança quanto ao uso. Conclusão: Diante disso, há evidências que a Cannabis sativa, principalmente o CBD, pode ser uma terapia alternativa para o controle da ansiedade por apresentar uma menor recorrência de danos colaterais em comparação aos medicamentos usualmente utilizados.
Positive and negative influences of typhoons on tropospheric ozone over southern China
Authors: Chen Zhixiong , Liu Jane , Cheng Xugeng , Yang Mengmiao , Wang Hong
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Based on an ensemble of 17 typhoons that made landfall between
2014 and 2018, we investigate the positive and negative influences of typhoons on
tropospheric ozone over southern China. With respect to the
proximity of typhoon centres and the typhoon developmental stages, we find that
surface ozone is enhanced when typhoons are 400–1500 km away during the
initial stages of development (e.g. from 1 d before to 1 d after
typhoon genesis). The positive ozone anomalies reach 10–20 ppbv
above the background ozone level on average. The maximum enhancement of surface ozone
appears at a radial distance of 1100–1300 km from the typhoon centre during
these initial stages. As the typhoons approach southern China, the
influences of these systems switch to reducing ozone and, hence, lead to negative
ozone anomalies of 6–9 ppbv. Exploring the linkages between ozone
variations and typhoon-induced meteorological evolution, we find that increasing temperature and weak winds in
the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and dominating downward motions promote
ozone production and accumulation over the outskirts of typhoons during typhoon initial stages, whereas
deteriorating weather, accompanied by dropping temperature, wind gales and
convective activity, reduces the production and accumulation of surface ozone
when typhoons are making landfall. We further examine the impacts of typhoons on tropospheric ozone
profiles vertically, especially the influences of typhoon-induced
stratospheric intrusions on lower troposphere and surface ozone. Based on
temporally dense ozone profile observations, we find two high-ozone regions,
located in the ABL and the middle to upper troposphere respectively, during
different typhoon stages. On average, the high-ozone region in the ABL has a maximum
ozone enhancement of 10–12 ppbv at 1–1.5 km altitude during the initial typhoon
stages. In the high-ozone region in the middle to upper troposphere, ozone enhancement
persists over a longer period with a maximum ozone enhancement of
∼ 10 ppbv at 7–8 km altitude shortly after typhoon genesis; this value
increases to ∼ 30 ppbv near 12 km altitude when typhoons reach their
maximum intensity. When typhoons make landfall, negative ozone anomalies
appear and extend upward with a maximum ozone reduction of 14–18 ppbv at 5 km altitude and 20–25 ppbv at 11 km altitude. Although the overall
tropospheric ozone is usually reduced during typhoon landfall, we find
that five of eight typhoon samples induced ozone-rich air with a
stratospheric origin above 4 km altitude; moreover, in three typhoon cases, the
ozone-rich air intrusions can sink to the ABL. This suggests that the
typhoon-induced stratospheric intrusions play an important role in surface
ozone enhancement.
Gravity as a tool to improve the hydrologic mass budget in karstic areas
Authors: Pivetta Tommaso , Braitenberg Carla , Gabrovšek Franci , Gabriel Gerald , Meurers Bruno
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Monitoring the water movements in karstic areas is a fundamental but
challenging task due to the complexity of the drainage system and the
difficulty in deploying a network of observations. Gravimetry offers a valid
complement to classical hydrologic measurements in order to characterize
such systems in which the recharge process causes temporarily accumulation
of large water volumes in the voids of the epi-phreatic system. We show an
innovative integration of gravimetric and hydrologic observations that
constrains a hydrodynamic model of the Škocjan cave system (Slovenia).
We demonstrate how the inclusion of gravity observations improves water mass
budget estimates for the Škocjan area based on hydrological observations
only. Finally, the detectability of water storage variations in other
karstic contexts is discussed with respect to the noise performances of
spring and super-conducting gravimeters.
Characteristics of extratropical cyclones and precursors to windstorms in northern Europe
Authors: Laurila Terhi K. , Gregow Hilppa , Cornér Joona , Sinclair Victoria A.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Extratropical cyclones play a major role in the atmospheric circulation and weather variability and can cause widespread damage and destruction. Extratropical cyclones in northern Europe, which is located at the end of the North Atlantic storm track, have been less studied than extratropical cyclones elsewhere. Our study investigates extratropical cyclones and windstorms in northern Europe (which in this study covers Norway; Sweden; Finland; Estonia; and parts of the Baltic, Norwegian, and Barents seas) by analysing their characteristics, spatial and temporal evolution, and precursors. We examine cold and warm seasons separately to determine seasonal differences. We track all extratropical cyclones in northern Europe, create cyclone composites, and use an ensemble sensitivity method to analyse the precursors. The ensemble sensitivity analysis is a novel method in cyclone studies where linear regression is used to statistically identify what variables possibly influence the subsequent evolution of extratropical cyclones. We investigate windstorm precursors for both the minimum mean sea level pressure (MSLP) and for the maximum 10 m wind gusts. The annual number of extratropical cyclones and windstorms has a large inter-annual variability and no significant linear trends during 1980–2019. Windstorms originate and occur over the Barents and Norwegian seas, whereas weaker extratropical cyclones originate and occur over land areas in northern Europe. During the windstorm evolution, the maximum wind gusts move from the warm sector to behind the cold front following the strongest pressure gradient. Windstorms in both seasons are located on the poleward side of the jet stream. The maximum wind gusts occur nearly at the same time as the minimum MSLP occurs. The cold-season windstorms have higher sensitivities and thus are potentially better predictable than warm-season windstorms, and the minimum MSLP has higher sensitivities than the maximum wind gusts. Of the four examined precursors, both the minimum MSLP and the maximum wind gusts are the most sensitive to the 850 hPa potential temperature anomaly, i.e. the temperature gradient. Hence, this parameter is likely important when predicting windstorms in northern Europe.
Health sciences librarians’ engagement in open science: a scoping review
Authors: Giustini Dean , Read Kevin B. , Deardorff Ariel , Federer Lisa , Rethlefsen Melissa L.
Published: November 2021

Objectives: To identify the engagement of health sciences librarians (HSLs) in open science (OS) through the delivery of library services, support, and programs for researchers.Methods: We performed a scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and Joanna Briggs’ Manual for Scoping Reviews. Our search methods consisted of searching five bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, LISTA, and Web of Science Core Collection), reference harvesting, and targeted website and journal searching. To determine study eligibility, we applied predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria and reached consensus when there was disagreement. We extracted data in duplicate and performed qualitative analysis to map key themes.Results: We included fifty-four studies. Research methods included descriptive or narrative approaches (76%); surveys, questionnaires, and interviews (15%); or mixed methods (9%). We labeled studies with one or more of FOSTER's six OS themes: open access (54%), open data (43%), open science (24%), open education (6%), open source (6%), and citizen science (6%). Key drivers in OS were scientific integrity and transparency, openness as a guiding principle in research, and funder mandates making research publicly accessible.Conclusions: HSLs play key roles in advancing OS worldwide. Formal studies are needed to assess the impact of HSLs’ engagement in OS. HSLs should promote adoption of OS within their research communities and develop strategic plans aligned with institutional partners. HSLs can promote OS by adopting more rigorous and transparent research practices of their own. Future research should examine HSLs’ engagement in OS through social justice and equity perspectives.
The evolution of choice set formation in dwelling and location with rising prices: A decadal panel analysis in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Hawkins Jason , Nurul Habib Khandker
Published: November 2021

Home location choice is based on both the characteristics of the dwelling (e.g., size, style, number of bedrooms) and the location (e.g., proximity to work, quality of schools, accessibility). Recent years have seen a steep increase in the price of housing in many major cities. In this research, we examine how these price increases are affecting the types of dwelling and locations considered by households. A large sample of real estate listings from 2006 and 2016 from the Greater Toronto Area is used to develop the empirical models. Two recently developed discrete choice models are used in the study: a nested logit model with latent class feedback (LCF) and a semi-compensatory independent availability logit (SCIAL) model. A method of alternative aggregation is proposed to overcome the computational hurdle that often impedes the estimation of choice set models. We find a significant increase in the probability of larger households considering townhouses and apartments over detached single-family dwellings between 2006 and 2016.
Instrumentation for assessment of oral vibrotactile sensation and perception
Authors:   Ohio University, Fucci Donald , Petrosino Linda ,   Bowling Green State University, Harris Daniel ,   Healthcare Rehabilitation Center, Austin, TX
Published: November 2021

Introduction (excerpt): The instrumentation described in the present paper provides for accurate control of all stimulus variables involved in vibrotactile stimulation of the tongue. It produces a wide range of frequencies and intensities and at the same time provides a unique and precise way in which to position the tongue for testing.
Retos actuales del desarrollo y aprendizaje de los registros académicos orales y escritos del euskera
Authors: Zabala Unzalu Igone , Aranzabe Urruzola Mª Jesús , Aldezabal Roteta Izaskun
Published: November 2021

El proceso de estandarización y revitalización del euskera comenzó en los años 70. A partir de su cooficialidad, el euskera, que había estado relegado casi en su totalidad a ámbitos privados e informales, se empezó a utilizar como lengua vehicular en ámbitos académicos. En la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) hoy en día existe un uso intensivo del euskera: el 74,80 % de los estudiantes eligen realizar el examen de acceso en euskera, el 51 % de los estudiantes cursan al menos parte de sus estudios de grado en euskera, y numerosos TFG, TFM y tesis doctorales se presentan en euskera. Una gran parte de los estudiantes vascohablantes eligen además las asignaturas optativas de comunicación científico-técnica en euskera (CCTE), herederas de las asignaturas de Euskera Científico creadas en 1979 para acompañar a la comunidad universitaria en el proceso de normalización del euskera. Los nuevos usos académicos han requerido de la elaboración de la lengua: creación de terminología y fraseología especializada, así como desarrollo de estilos académicos. En consecuencia, a lo largo de estas cuatro décadas las asignaturas de CCTE se han ido adaptando a las necesidades del proceso de normalización, a la evolución de las aproximaciones teóricas y aplicadas a los lenguajes de especialidad y a la terminología, y a los cambios en los modelos metodológicos propiciados en la universidad. En este trabajo hemos diferenciado y caracterizado tres fases en dicha adaptación, para centrarnos en los retos del momento actual, caracterizado por el desarrollo de las tecnologías del lenguaje y las TIC y el desarrollo de la lingüística de corpus que permite analizar los usos de los elementos y patrones lingüísticos en la comunicación académica por los expertos y los estudiantes, y evaluar los logros y las deficiencias en el desarrollo de los registros académicos del euskera. Los estudiantes acceden a las asignaturas de CCTE en los últimos cursos de los grados, lo que permite focalizar el proceso de aprendizaje en la conciencia lingüística con respecto al proceso de normalización del euskera, a su propio repertorio lingüístico y al modo en el que cada uno de ellos, según su perfil sociolingüístico, puede contribuir al desarrollo y fijación de los registros científico-técnicos orales y escritos. La adquisición de los registros orales formales y de las combinaciones léxicas académicas se revelan como objetivos prioritarios en la actualidad
Aspectos contextuales, pragmáticos y metadiscursivos en la escritura académica del alumnado universitario
Authors: Maqueda Cuenca Eugenio , García Ruiz Mª Aurora , Garrido Berlanga Mª Ángela
Published: November 2021

Consideramos que, a la hora de analizar cómo producen nuestros alumnos sus textos académicos, hay que tener en cuenta el contexto lingüístico, cultural y tecnológico que los rodea, así como la forma que tienen de interactuar. Atendiendo a este contexto, podremos darnos cuenta de que lo que les pedimos no solo es un esfuerzo lingüístico enorme para ellos, sino que, además, está alejado completamente de su realidad comunicativa. En este trabajo tratamos el contexto lingüístico personal de nuestro alumnado, introduciendo de esta manera una nueva perspectiva a la hora de acercarnos a los problemas que tienen los estudiantes universitarios para redactar escritos académicos. Siendo conscientes de que no han contado con la preparación adecuada, ofrecemos algunas pautas que, desde el punto de vista pragmático, pueden servir para hacer menos patentes esas carencias, pues solo con la práctica detenida de las distintas destrezas que se exigen para redactar este tipo de escritos podrían obtener los resultados deseados
How much and what kind of vocabulary do marine engineers need for adequate comprehension of ship instruction books and manuals?
Authors: Đurović Zorica , Vuković-Stamatović Milica , Vukičević Miroslav
Published: November 2021

Considering the importance of adequate understanding of instruction books and manuals on board vessels all over the world, as well as the challenges it imposes to the English language teachers and course designers, this paper aims to answer important research questions in relation to the quantity and type of vocabulary required for their adequate reading comprehension. In this study we use the method of Lexical Frequency Profiling and the software developed by Anthony Laurence – AntWordProfiler 1.4.0w. The corpus is comprised of 1,769,821 running words obtained from instruction books and manuals of various ship and machinery types. The results of this study point to the high technicality and lexical demand of the corpus, which calls for a highly technical English courses’ design and further research in marine engineering (English) vocabulary. Additionally, the research findings point to the need of creating a marine engineering-specific word list.
Reseña de La opinión pública en la red: análisis pragmático de la voz de los ciudadanos de Ana Mancera Rueda y Ana Pano Alamán
Authors: Robles Ávila Sara , Park Jin Seo
Published: November 2021

Reseña de La opinión pública en la red: análisis pragmático de la voz de los ciudadanos de Ana Mancera Rueda y Ana Pano Alamán. Madrid/Frankfurt: IBEROAMERICANA-VERVUERT, 2020. ISBN: 978-84-9192-174-5, 272 páginas
Menstruation and the Bar Exam: Unconstitutional Tampon Bans
Authors: Crawford Bridget J.
Published: November 2021

Some states have policies that prevent bar exam candidates from bringing their own menstrual products to the test. Via social media, awareness of these policies achieved new heights in the weeks leading up to the July 2020 bar exam. A small number of jurisdictions responded to public criticism by permitting test takers to bring menstrual products with them to the exam, whether administered traditionally or remotely in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Not all states have adopted permissive policies, however. This Essay explains why outright bans on menstrual products at the bar exam likely are unconstitutional. So-called alternate policies, such as making menstrual products available in women’s restrooms, are inadequate. Only a “free-carry” policy for menstrual products is consistent with welcoming all qualified candidates to the legal profession, without regard to biology.
Menstrual Justice in Immigration Detention
Authors: Gomez Valeria , Karin Marcy L.
Published: November 2021

The menstrual injustices experienced by noncitizens detained in immigration facilities – a particularly vulnerable subset of menstruators in carceral spaces – are largely ignored. Menstruating detainees are forced to rely on the immigration system to provide adequate access to menstrual products, and on detention facilities to engage in safe menstrual management and corresponding dignity. Unfortunately, the immigration system fails many detainees, and the defining characteristics of immigration detention— the lack of access to counsel and significant geographic and social isolation that people in custody face—exacerbate the problem. Despite these isolating factors, detainees are finding ways to share their struggles with menstrual injustices. This Essay aims to categorize, amplify, and contextualize these experiences, and the need for thoughtful reform.
Tales of a Flow Stayed By Nothing: Menstruation in Immigration Detention
Authors: Johnson Kit
Published: November 2021

When Fauziya Kassindja landed at New York’s JFK airport in 1994, she was seventeen, seeking asylum, and fleeing the brutal practice of female genital mutilation. She was also menstruating. Hours after her arrival, Fauziya was strip searched, forced to stand before a female officer “completely naked, soiled pad exposed, shamed beyond words.” She was then transferred to an off-site detention facility where she was strip- searched again. When Fauziya asked where she should place her soiled pad, the female guard responded: “I don’t know. Why don’t you eat it?” When Fauziya asked for a new pad, she was told she could ask for one the next morning. She was given absolutely nothing to stay her flow—not even toilet paper or paper towels. This was the beginning of Fauziya’s experience with immigration detention. She would remain there for sixteen months.
Benefits and Challenges to “Period Policies” – Menstruating Individuals Are Empowered Through Inclusive Dialogue and Advocacy
Authors: Leahy Stevie
Published: November 2021

The governing laws within the United States center the experience of white, cis- gender, able-bodied males and largely ignore the existence and experience of menstruating individuals within the workplace.

Despite the progress made since Judy Blume’s watershed novel, Are You There, God? It’s Me, Margaret, the topic of menstruation is still avoided, shamed, stigmatized, and misunderstood. One possibility to advance the rights of menstruating individuals and recognize these cyclical realities is menstrual leave, or “period policies.” The goal of this type of legislation is to address the intersectional indignities of menstrual injustice and normalize periods through more accommodating employment regulations. However, the dialogue surrounding these policies has been limited and risks leaving behind individuals who are already excluded from many workplace protections, compounding the discrimination and disparate treatment experienced.
Menstruation: An Ableist Narrative
Authors: Nair Prianka
Published: November 2021

This essay outlines how the focus on able-bodied menstruators in the development of social narratives about menstruation erases the experiences and the discrimination experienced by menstruators with disabilities. Many menstruators with disabilities experience shame around menstruation, embarrassed about the “burden” of their menstrual experiences on their caregivers and concerned about breaching menstrual etiquette around hygiene. Narratives about menstruation are incomplete without considering these experiences. Introducing a disability perspective also permits us to interrogate why popular depictions of the menstruating body are inadequate, how they continue to reinforce and romanticize values like independence and productivity, and validate structures that grant power and privilege to those values. Finally, the essay introduces ideas like supported decision-making and dismodernism that center the experiences of individuals with disabilities. This shift in focus has the potential to transform menstrual activism by introducing into the conversation more nuanced values of reciprocity, interdependence, and empathy.
Are Women Human? Tampon Taxes and the Semiotics of Exclusion
Authors: Spivack Carla
Published: November 2021

By now, there is a robust body of scholarship critiquing the taxation of menstrual products from material, expressive, constitutional, and human rights perspectives. This literature highlights the issue of access to sanitary products in prisons, in secondary schools, and in poor countries. Invoking the expressive function of law, scholars have noted how the tax signals to women that their basic physical and health needs are not human necessities that merit tax exemption—like say Viagra—but are rather luxuries that should be taxed—like cigarettes and alcohol. In this tax regime, human needs considered basic enough to merit tax relief—thinning hair, for example—are male needs. So what else is new? As Catherine Mackinnon asked, ironically, decades ago: Are women human?

In this Article, I want to turn the expressive critique of tampon taxation in the direction of semiotics. Culture constitutes systems of signs through which we understand our world. These signs convey meaning though their difference from other signs, not through any intrinsic meaning. Tax law has its own signs. By imposing differing tax regimes on people and things, it tells us how to read them. For example, through differing taxation, it tells us what a family is (one organized around a formal marriage) and is not (networks of dependence organized around cohabitants), what work is (labor exchanged for goods) and is not (housework), etc. Taxes also tell us which goods are luxuries and which are necessities by imposing a luxury tax on certain items and exempting others.
Robinson, Dylan. 2020. Hungry Listening: Resonant Theory for Indigenous Sound Studies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Authors: Baron Derek
Published: November 2021

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Opera, Sound Recording, and Critical Race Theory
Authors: Timmermans Matthew
Published: November 2021

This review essay considers the relationships among opera, sound recording, and critical race theory, and explores them at a moment when these fields are beginning to converge. One of my concerns will be the recent and ground-breaking studies and collections on opera and race by Naomi Adele André (2017, 2019), Kira Thurman (2012, 2019), Pamela Karantonis and Dylan Robinson (2011), and Mary I. Ingraham, Joseph K. So and Roy Moodley (2016). Another will be the neglected history of opera and sound recording; notable scholars here include Karen Henson (2020), Robert Cannon (2014), and Richard Leppert (2015). Finally, I will focus on the thought-provoking analyses of race and sound by Alexander Weheliye (2005), Brian Ward (2003), Jennifer Lynn Stoever (2016) and Nina Sun Eidsheim (2019). There are obvious connections among these three bodies of scholarship, yet these connections have not yet been clearly identified and explored.

Although many scholars have come to embrace opera as a material and embodied phenomenon, the artform’s dissemination, analysis, and enjoyment through sound recording is still overlooked as a site of enquiry, especially its potential as a fertile site of inquiry about identity. To overlook the issue of identity in relation to recording is to perpetuate the belief that recordings are primarily documents of performance practice. It ignores the army of technicians who invisibly craft the acoustic object, many of whom are historically white and male. This review essay seeks to address this neglect and to suggest some ways in which the processes of making and consuming opera recordings is intimately related to whiteness and anti-Blackness—but also to Black possibility. In what follows, I cast a broad net, ranging widely and at times unexpectedly. I begin with some recent events in American musicology and in the New York operatic scene; then, turn to a consideration of some of the scholarship just mentioned; and finally conclude with a brief discussion of a specific recording, the Metropolitan Opera’s “live” sound recording of the 2019 production of Gershwin’s Porgy and Bess.
Big Data’s Exploitation of Social Determinants of Health: Human Rights Implications
Authors: Wood Sarah
Published: November 2021

This Article acknowledges the necessity of including social determinants of health (SDH) data in healthcare planning and treatment but highlights the lack of regulation around the collection of SDH data and potential for violating consumers’ basic rights to be treated equally, protected from discrimination, and to have their privacy respected. The Article analyzes different approaches from the U.S. and EU and proffers the global application of the GDPR plus data human rights provisions as the most sustainable option in a world where technology is ever-changing.
AI Strict Liability Vis-À-Vis AI Monopolization
Authors: Lior Anat
Published: November 2021

Some argue that applying a strict liability regime on AI-inflicted damages may allow well-financed big AI companies to monopolize the industry. They hypothesize that a strict liability regime would expose AI companies to significant legal liability. Since small AI companies lack the necessary resources to pay for damages inflicted by their AI technology, a strict liability regime could erect barriers to entry for these small companies. Ultimately, the argument continues, such a regime would give a small group of companies a virtual monopoly on the AI industry. Thus, some conclude that strict liability inherently stifles innovation and should not be applied to emerging technologies, such as AI.

This Article maintains that legislators should adopt a strict liability regime, and it rejects the above argument for two reasons. First, there is no substantial connection between a strict liability regime and the AI monopolization that is already underway. Second, insurance policies could mitigate the effects a strict liability regime may have on the capabilities of small AI companies to enter and compete in this important market. Therefore, the ongoing process of monopolization of the AI market should not by itself render strict liability a non-viable regime when AI-inflicted damages occur.
Is there an association between calcium level and preeclampsia in pregnant women? A systemic review
Authors: Linger Melese , Diress Gedefaw
Published: November 2021

Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a diagnosis used to describe a wide spectrum of patients who may have only mild elevations in blood pressure or severe hypertension with various organ dysfunctions. Preeclampsia is a form of pregnancy-induced hypertension which is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. Preeclampsia has been identified as the leading reason for maternal admission to the intensive care unit in the puerperal period. Trends of pregnancy-induced hypertension in low- and middle-income countries were increasing. The WHO recommend calcium supplementation as part of the antenatal care for the prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women, particularly among those population where calcium intake low and at higher risk of developing hypertension.

Methods: The data were searched electronically From Pub Med, Google Scholar, Cochrane database reviews and Google. Case-control, retrospective and prospective cohort and clinical trial and papers published in the English language was included. Out of 460 pieces of literature searched electronically, only 23 pieces of literature were used in this study. The other 435 references were not reviewed based on exclusion criteria. In this review 14 case-control studies, 2 cross-sectional studies, 1 longitudinal study, 2 clinical trials, and 4 reviews were included.

Results: The age of the study participant’s ranges from 18-41, all study participant’s gestational age was greater than 12 wk. All studies used a diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia based on the following criteria: Blood pressure (BP) more than 140/90 and proteinuria >300 mg/do in 24 hr or 1+ in dipstick urine sample Low levels of calcium have a significant association to preeclampsia as indicated in most studies.

Conclusion: Most studies explored that calcium level was low among preeclampsia women. Inconsistencies of recruitment (for example some researcher recruit at 20 weeks of gestational age others in 28 weeks of gestational age) of participant's leads to inconclusive and biased findings in this review. For future researcher should focus on pathophysiology calcium and hypertension. And also it is better the country should give special attention to improve the dietary calcium intake of pregnant women. In the future scientists should better assess calcium level through multiple methods like dietary, clinical and biochemical method and also the impact of calcium on neonatal and maternal should be assessed
Undernutrition Determinants Among Under Five Children in Ethiopia
Authors: Worku Brhanie Tsegahun
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to estimate undernutrition determinants among under-five children in Ethiopia. Multiple logistic regression was computed to estimate explanatory variables. P-value < 0.05, 95% CI and odds ratio (OR) were considered. The analysis was done using SPSS, version 24. There was an association between distances from the borders and out of the borders with height for age Z score (P-value <0.05), but not associated with weight for height Z score (P value=0.18), and weight for age Z score (P value=0.16). Education of mother (P-value < 0.05), nutrition status of mothers (P-value <0.05), the wealth index of the households (P-value <0.05), employment status of mothers (P-value <0.05), place of residence (P-value < 0.05), age of the child (P-value <0.05), birth intervals (P-value < 0.05) and breastfeeding (P-value <0.05), were determinant factors for the stunting of children. Wealth index, region and place of residence, age of the child, the size of the child at birth, nutrition and employment status of the mothers, a birth interval of the child, and breastfeeding status of the child were the determinant factors.
Esclerodermia (morfeia) “em placa”
Authors: Amorim Maria Goretti
Published: November 2021

Esclerodermia (morfeia) “em placa”
For the Question of the Semantic Theories of Antroponyms
Authors: Kvirikadze Nino
Published: November 2021

The article presents and analyzes the semantic theories and the history of the study of anthroponyms, the syntactic characteristics of anthroponyms, issues related to the semantics of anthroponyms, as well as the features of the primary and secondary use of anthroponyms with a definite and indefinite article. As far as the tradition of research is concerned, linguistic considerations and concepts developed in the form of theories are especially important in this regard. In particular, the theory of names, the descriptive theory of anthroponyms, and the metallinguistic theory of anthroponyms. The subject of their research is the lexical and descriptive meaning of anthroponyms, the main reference, dependence on the context, information and cognitive content, convention (mutual agreement) of the participants in the communicative act.
Intersubjectivity in Artistic Translation
Authors: Mardaleishvili Tamar
Published: November 2021

The present article deals with the problem of defining the essence of artistic translation as the specific type of discourse and conducting such interpretation of intersubjectivity as the principle of discourse theory refers to the translator’s role and importance (‘translator icon’) within the scope of artistic translation. As the object of this study, artistic translation differs from the other types of translation by its creativeness. Creativeness of artistic translation should be considered as the interrelation of the concepts of ‘translator icon’ as well as translation style. ‘Translator icon’ is believed to be precisely revealed in translation style. According to the fact, that the research is being conducted on the basis of interdisciplinary methodology, it is very important to determine more precisely the research aspects related to the artistic translation as discourse phenomenon. ‘Translator icon’ and translation style concepts are implied here, of course. While determining translation as well as artistic translation, the modern theory of discourse should be taken into account. Correspondingly, translation should be considered as the type of discourse and artistic translation as the sub-type of this latter one. Thus, in the research process, it is very necessary to highlight the discourse principle such as intersubjectivity that implies the communicative relation between the addresser (the sender of information) and the addressee (the recipient of the information). In conclusion, it is possible to be said, that a) artistic translation differs from the other types of translation with its creativeness, b) according to the fact, that creative act implies the creator’s individual style, artistic translation is characterized with its individual creative style as well, c) it was essential to connect the concept of translation style to the concept of ‘translator icon’; d) artistic translation differs from the other types of discourse with its very peculiarity of specific realisation of the principle of intersubjectivity: within its frame the translator is at the same time the adressser and the addressee as well.
The reception of French symbolism in Georgian Literature
Authors: Guntsadze Nana , Gasviani Ilia
Published: November 2021

The comparative study of Georgian modernist poetry in the context of French poetry reveals that Georgian poetry of the early XXth ventury is not an epigenetic appendage or periphery of European poetry. It creates its original invariant, which in a way expands and expands the mythohraphic discourse and mythological character of French poetry, chronotopes, cultural and landscape spaces.At the beginning of the XXth century the blueroks could not hide their amdiration for the work of French Symbolists, which they considered to be evidence that the path of Georgian literature was directed towards Europe. They had adored poets: Edgar Allan Poe, Baudelaire,Rimbaud, Verlaine… However, I think the announcement of the Blue roks as Georgian symbolists is very controversial… Therefore, I consider it important to establish the basic principles of French symbolism and, consequently, to connect it with the Georgian poets of the XX century, ib paerticular with the poetry of Galaktioni.
Constructive Application of Critical Thinking Skills in Higher Education Tbilisi Open Teaching University
Authors: Shevardnadze Khatia , Moralishvili Sophio , Tkeshelashvili Rusudan
Published: November 2021

Almost everyone agrees that critical thinking is an essential skill in 21st-century, without which success in the modern world and in the future is simply unimaginable. Is it possible to teach critical thinking? -yes, it is possible. In the process of learning and even after graduation, you are expected to think critically, read and write, express your own thoughts and ideas. Therefore, teaching this competence is most beneficial. Therefore, our goal is to establish effective strategies for developing critical thinking methods and assessment tools that will enable students to develop critical, creative, and reflective thinking. The research presented in the article is based on critical thinking skill development framework, which describes critical thinking with core elements: knowledge construction, evaluating reasoning and decision making. The survey was conducted at Tbilisi Open University in April 2021 among bachelor students. Its aim was to identify how well our students identify the knowledge requirements necessary to solve a problem, understand an issue or answer a question; if they can selectively apply the most pertinent criteria to evaluate sources of information depending on the information needed; how well they manage to identify logical patterns and subtle connections within and across data and information from a range of sources.
Post 2003 Iraq and Unhappy Reality: A Study in Sinan Antoon’s The Corpse Washer
Authors: Mhoodar Rana Ali
Published: November 2021

This paper focuses on the existence of traumatic indications, like flashbacks and nightmares, feebleness and submission, distorted viewpoints of both present and future, alienated and disoriented people, and the robust diasporic impulse. As a genre of literature, novel has developed to be a fundamental way in revealing one’s country’s being destructed and increasingly annihilated of its people. Novel in Iraq has touched surrealism, nonlinearity, fragmented events, and other techniques used in narrating and documenting the unescapable reality and the situations of trauma by which the country has suffered for years and years. Characteristics of both form and content are employed by Sinan Antoon employs and of those are fragmentation, nonlinearity, and nightmares to novelize the traumatic events experienced by the Iraqi people. Analysing the extracts has suggested that traumatic experience brought about by persistent occurrence of conflicts and dictatorship have turned the Iraqi people into traumatized characters and molded their existence, identity, and ties to the place.

Keywords: Sinan Antoon, The Corpse Washer, Pos2003, Iraqi Novel, Fragmentation,
La chaine des valeurs dans les programmes d'alphabétisation au Maroc
Authors: BOUGROUM MOHAMMED , AIT DAOUD LAHCEN , AIT BEN ASSILA RACHID
Published: November 2021

Aujourd’hui, les défis éducatifs sont multiples et pluriels. Ils ne se limitent pas à l’accès à l’école. L’accès n’a de sens que s’il débouche sur la qualité́ des apprentissages et permet l'insertion sociale et professionnelle des publics vulnérables. Pour cela, les multiples taches d’un système éducatif peuvent être analysées en utilisant la notion de chaîne de valeur. La chaine de valeur peut être considérée comme étant un processus d’activités cohérent et créateur de la valeur. Le présent article, examine la chaîne de valeur des programmes d’alphabétisation au Maroc et décrit comment un programme doit être conçu pour refléter et soutenir les processus de la chaîne de valeur mentionnés.