bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decolonizing environmentalism: Addressing ecological and Indigenous colonization through arts-based communication
Authors: Takach Geo , Cook Kyera
Published: January 2024

This article seeks to advance connecting the two societal priorities of environmental protection and what has been called ‘Indigenous reconciliation’ through arts-based communication (and particularly arts-based research), to help engage and inspire people towards sustaining a healthy planet and a just society. Through lenses of social justice, decolonizing critique and holistic environmental ideologies, this work explores theoretical and practical, real-world intersections of environmentalist, Indigenous and arts-based imperatives and ways of knowing. The goal is twofold: first, to seek to engage readers in viewing the colonization of the planet and its First Peoples as intimately related, and ultimately, to bring together diverse literatures to suggest ideas, language and a model to foster communication aimed at redressing both of those colonialist evils. To acknowledge this intersection of environmental and Indigenous approaches in arts-based settings, the term ‘environmental conciliation’ is proposed and defined as ‘environmental protection in ways that acknowledge, address, and aim to redress imbalances in power among Indigenous people and non-Indigenous settlers honestly, respectfully, openly, creatively and positively.
Predicting oil content of Australian beauty leaf tree kernel samples using near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics
Authors: Sreekumar Rahul , Ashwath Nanjappa , Cozzolino Daniel , Walsh Kerry
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to estimate oil content, and per cent of cake, resin and residue in beauty leaf tree ( Calophyllum inophyllum L.) kernel samples. Fruits were collected from various geographical locations of tropical Australia (from Rockhampton to Darwin) and air dried before the kernels were manually separated from the fruits. Kernel samples were oven dried, crushed (5–10 mm) and their NIR spectra collected using a Fourier transform (FT) NIR instrument where the same batch of kernels were used to extract oil using a screw press. Calibration models between the NIR spectra and reference data were developed using partial least squares (PLS) regression. The cross-validation statistics including the coefficient of determination (r2) and standard error in cross validation (SECV) were 0.83 (SECV: 2.39%) for oil content, 0.89 (SECV: 2.81%) for cake, 0.88 (SECV: 1.92%) for resin and 0.79 (SECV: 2.15%) for residue, respectively. This research showed that NIR spectroscopy can be used as an alternative, faster and low-cost technique to predict oil content, per cent of cake, resins and residues in various genotypes of beauty leaf tree. Further studies should be carried out to increase the sample size and chemical variation, as well as to evaluate different methods of oil extraction (e.g., solvent extraction) to improve the reliability of the calibration models.
Revisiting the Murder of the Jew Priscus in Sixth-Century Paris
Authors: Shoham-Steiner Ephraim
Published: January 2024

The murder of Priscus the Jew seems to be one of the earliest documented episodes of murder involving Jews in the European Middle Ages. The incident, described by Gregory of Tours (Gregorius Turonensis) in his great work, Decem Libri Historiarum (Ten Books of Histories) involves the murder of the Jew Priscus at the hands of Phatir, his former coreligionist and new convert to Christianity, which occurred in the Frankish Kingdom of Neustria in 581 or 582, during the reign of King Chilperic I. In this study, based on a close reading of the relevant texts I attempt to illuminate what this incident may teach us about Jewish social and political life in the Merovingian kingdoms. I suggest, contrary to previous scholarship that saw the theological aspects of the conversion as paramount, that the murder was the result of a competition among the elite in the court of the king and highlight what we may learn from this case about the sources of Jewish religious law and what Jews and Christians living in this time knew about them. Thus, after a careful reading of the primary source, I propose an interpretation of the circumstances that precipitated the violent act, as well as the manner in which it was recorded in the writings of Gregory of Tours.
The Effects of Physical Activity on Experimental Models of Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Biose Ifechukwude J. , Chastain Wesley H. , Solch-Ottaiano Rebecca J. , Grayson Viktoriya S. , Wang Hanyun , Banerjee Somdeb , Bix Gregory J.
Published: January 2024

Background

Physical activity is associated with improved brain health and cognition in humans. However, the validity, range, and quality of evidence for the beneficial outcomes linked to exercise in experimental models of vascular dementia (VaD) have not been evaluated. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed the effect of exercise intervention on models of VaD to provide an unbiased and comprehensive determination of the cognitive function and brain morphology benefits of exercise.

A systematic search in three databases as well as study design characteristics and experimental data extraction were completed in December 2021. We investigated the effects of exercise on cognitive function and brain-morphology outcomes in VaD models. Twenty-five studies were included for systematic review, while 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. These studies included seven models of VaD in rats (60%, 15 studies), mice (36%, 9 studies), and pigs (4%, 1 study). None of the included studies used aged animals, and the majority of studies (80%) used only male animals.

Key Message: Exercise improves cognition but increased neuro-inflammation in VaD models.

Exercise improved cognitive function as well as some markers of brain morphology in models of VaD. However, exercise increased anxiety and neuro-inflammatory signals in VaD models. Further, we observed increased reporting anomalies such as a lack of blinding to group treatment or data analysis and randomization of animals to groups. Our report could help in the appropriate design of experimental studies seeking to investigate the effects of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention on VaD models with a high translational impact.
Neuro Receptor Signal Detecting and Monitoring Smart Devices for Biological Changes in Cognitive Health Conditions
Authors: M Vivek Reddy , GNK Ganesh , D Rudhresh , T Vaishnavi Parimala , Rao Gaddam Narasimha
Published: January 2024

Background

Currently, wearable sensors significantly impact health care through continuous monitoring and event prediction. The types and clinical applications of wearable technology for the prevention of mental illnesses, as well as associated health authority rules, are covered in the current review.

The technologies behind wearable ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, neural interfaces, retinal prosthesis, and smart contact lenses were discussed. We described how sensors will examine neuronal impulses using verified machine-learning algorithms running in real-time. These sensors will closely monitor body signals and demonstrate continuous sensing with wireless functionality. The wearable applications in the following medical fields were covered in our review: sleep, neurology, mental health, anxiety, depression, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, seizures, and schizophrenia. These mental health conditions can cause serious issues, even death. Inflammation brought on by mental health problems can worsen hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction and interfere with certain neuroregulatory systems such as the neural peptide Y, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems. Severe depressive disorder symptoms are correlated with elevated Interleukin (IL-6) levels. On the basis of previous and present data collected utilizing a variety of sensory modalities, researchers are currently investigating ways to identify or detect the current mental state.

Key message

This review explores the potential of various mental health monitoring technologies. The types and clinical uses of wearable technology, such as ECG monitors, biosensors, electronic skin patches, brain interfaces, retinal prostheses, and smart contact lenses, were covered in the current review will be beneficial for patients with mental health problems like Alzheimer, epilepsy, dementia. The sensors will closely monitor bodily signals with wireless functionality while using machine learning algorithms to analyse neural impulses in real time.
The Role of Entrepreneurial Leadership to Rural Development and Resilience in Indonesia
Authors: Kusmulyono Muhammad Setiawan , Dhewanto Wawan , Famiola Melia
Published: January 2024

Rural regions are vital for the Indonesian economy as they contributed 13.7% of the national gross domestic product in mid-2021. However, the contribution made by rural areas requires the role of qualified village leaders. Poor governance, lack of entrepreneurial-leadership role models, and sociocultural issues inhibit rural resilience. This research explored best-practice villages using a qualitative approach and identified four fundamental concepts for achieving resilience. This study obtained data from 17 informants with various backgrounds, including village-owned enterprises management, regional government, central government, rural researchers, academia and rural activists. Rural leaders must govern with an entrepreneurial and stewardship orientation, good political capacity and assertiveness to establish rural resilience. Stewardship and assertiveness encourage receptive and wise leadership while focusing on accomplishing local rights and peace with other parties. This study indicates that rural leaders with an entrepreneurial mindset, stewardship compliance and assertiveness can promote political capacity in communities and increase community engagement and rural resiliency.
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase the Supply of Mother’s Own Milk for Preterm Newborn Admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Afreen Shazia , Nasrin Ummey Tamima , Rahman K.M. Mahbubur , Jahan Ismat , Dey Sanjoy Kumer , Shahidullah Mohammod , Chowdhury Rumpa Mani , Mannan Md Abdul
Published: January 2024

Background

Mother’s own milk for preterm infants is a complete nutrition. In NICUs, there is a delay in starting and decreased frequency of breast milk expression leading to inadequate supply of mother’s own milk for preterm babies. There is a lack of knowledge about the importance of mother’s own milk for preterm babies in the general population and a paucity of studies on this topic from Bangladesh. This quality improvement initiative will serve as a baseline study for increasing the use of mother’s own milk for preterm babies in our country.

Objectives

To observe the effects of the quality improvement initiative to increase the supply of mother’s own milk for preterm newborns admitted in the NICU.

Methods

This QI study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology, in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, over the period of 1 year. Inborn Preterm neonates ≤34 weeks and/or ≤1800 gm and mother dyads, anticipated to stay in NICU for ≥ 7 days, were included in this study. In the observation phase, baseline data were collected. The intervention phase was started with a comprehensive counseling package, the demonstration of breast milk expression, and the early (within 6 h of delivery) and frequent (2 h) expression of breast milk.

Results

A total of 96 preterm newborns and mother dyads were enrolled. There was an improvement in the percentage of mothers expressing breast milk within 6 h of birth and on day 1 from 0% to 100% and from 14.5% to 100%, respectively, after implementing the QI initiative. The amount of expressed breast milk on days 1, 3, and 7 in the intervention group was higher than that of the observation group. The percentage of neonates receiving only mother’s own milk on day 1 was increased from 14.5% to 100% after giving intervention.

Conclusion

A significant improvement in early expression of breast milk, an increase in total amount of expressed breast milk, and an exclusive mother’s own milk feeding among the preterm neonates admitted in the NICU were observed.
Effect of Breast Milk Feeding on Retinopathy of Prematurity in Neonates Less than 1800 Grams: A Cohort
Authors: Goyal Kavya , Arya Sugandha , Guliani BP
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Human milk has many antioxidants like Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), inositol, and vitamin E that combat oxidative stress deregulating VEGF which is implicated in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Thus, it is biologically plausible that human milk is protective towards ROP.

Aim and objective

The study aimed to find the association between ROP and breast milk feeding.

Methodology

The prospective cohort study was carried out for 18 months at the Newborn unit, SJH. In our study, mothers were asked to maintain a feeding diary (type of milk fed) and history was taken from the mother regularly. Each neonate was later assigned a feeding category including exclusively breast milk fed, more than 50% breast milk fed, more than 50% top milk-fed, and exclusively top milk fed. At four weeks of age, all these neonates were called to undergo screening for ROP. In the case of immature retina, neonates were followed up for repeat fundus exams and results were included in the study.

Result

A study on 521 neonates between birth weight of 1–1.8 kgs found that predominant breast milk feeding reduces the chance of any stage ROP (needing repeat screening or intervention). The total incidence of any stage ROP in this study was noted to be 16.2% where 4.1% of total neonates from the predominantly breastfed group as compared to 37.8% from the predominantly top-fed group developed any stage ROP.

Conclusion

Breast milk feeding has a significant benefit in reducing any stage ROP and ROP needing intervention, thus it has the potential to prevent a significant cause of childhood blindness.

What is already known

– Breast milk feeding may be protective towards ROP

What the study adds

– Breast milk feeding is independently protective towards ROP
Impact of Resilience on Nursing Students’ Perceptions of Stress, Anxiety, and Fear Associated with COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vijayalakshmi P. , Kathyayani B. V. , Sreelatha M. , Reddy S. Sai Yathin , Manjunatha Narayana , Kumar C. Naveen , Math Suresh Bada
Published: January 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic had affected negatively the mental well-being of nursing students. However, limited research is currently available that explored mental health issues of nursing students.

Aim:

To investigate the impact of resilience on stress, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19 among the nursing students.

Methods:

A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study. A total of 268 nursing students from three universities in South India. responded to an Online survey. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaires in June 2021.

Results:

The findings revealed that most of the students had a normal level of resilience (3.06 ± 0.39) and low levels of stress (17.885 ± 0.09). The mean scores on fear of COVID-19 (18.31 ± 5.68) and COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) (21.67 ± 7.42) suggest that around half of the participants had a high level of fear and anxiety. The resilience of the participants was negatively correlated with fear ( r = −260, p < .001) and perceived stress ( r = −0.307, p < .001). Similarly, fear was positively correlated with anxiety ( r = 0.211, p < .001) and perceived stress ( r = 0.418, p < .001).

Conclusion:

Our findings showed that nearly 50% of the nursing students had a high level of COVID-19 associated fear and anxiety. Therefore, we suggest that innovative strategies are needed to improve students’ resilience and mental health during highly stressful situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
China’s Digital Expansionism in Africa and the US Counter-Strategies
Authors: Kumar Suneel
Published: January 2024

This article explains that digital geopolitics is a key component of Sino-US rivalry, as digital technologies have taken the centre stage in the new global conflict between the United States and China. China’s digital expansionism through its Digital Silk Road (DSR) projects is promoting its geopolitical agenda in African countries. Chinese financial institutions are funding African countries’ digital infrastructure projects, which are being implemented by Chinese companies. Chinese companies, which are dominating the African digital technology space, are also setting new technology standards and norms that challenge the existing US-led global digital order. DSR projects have improved the digital connectivity of African countries, boosted the emergence of local companies, created job opportunities for Africans and enhanced governments’ governance capabilities. However, African countries’ dependence on the Chinese digital technology curtails local companies’ growth capabilities while promoting China’s ‘digital authoritarianism’ and ‘data colonialism’, as China’s companies possess market manipulation tools and capabilities. In addition, unmanageable loans given by Chinese financial institutions to implement DSR projects are creating sovereignty-eroding debt traps for African countries. As China’s digital expansionism poses a severe challenge to US geopolitical interests in the African continent, the United States, as a part of its counter-moves, has started a global campaign against Chinese digital expansionism, imposed a ban on Chinese tech companies, adopted the Digital Connectivity and Cyber-security Partnership (DCCP) and launched the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII) scheme. Pursuing an aggressive strategy, the United States should launch a ‘Digital Marshal Plan’ to counter the Chinese digital expansionism at the global level in general and Africa in particular. Hence, in this context, using the descriptive-qualitative approach, this study is based on the content analysis method.
Punnett Farms: Developing An Immersive Educational Game-Based Platform for Learning Genetics
Authors: Low Henry G.H. , Ellefson Marina
Published: January 2024

Background

Serious games (SGs) have emerged as promising tools for life science education, providing interactive learning experiences that bolster accessibility and engagement. In the context of genetics education, which emphasizes hands-on problem-solving, SGs offer a potential platform to augment learning.

Aim

This article presents the detailed design of a new educational SG, titled Punnett Farms, along with a pilot evaluation of the game. Designed to help students learn the fundamentals of Mendelian/molecular genetics, the game offers a colorful virtual world with embedded educational content aimed at cultivating interactive learning and engagement.

Methods

Development of Punnett Farms was guided by principles of educational game design models. The game was implemented in Unity and C#. A pilot study was conducted with community college students (n = 22) to assess the game’s strengths and areas for improvement. Pre-/post-intervention knowledge assessments, along with questionnaires inspired by the GEM and MEEGA+ frameworks, were used to obtain insights into participants’ interest, enjoyment, and short-term learning outcomes.

Results

Participants exhibited possible short-term knowledge gains after playing Punnett Farms, as reflected by improved quiz scores. In questionnaire responses, participants also reported improved content understanding, interest towards the subject, and overall enjoyment in learning genetics. Additionally, players rated the game highly for presentation and educational utility.

Conclusion

By integrating educational game design principles, Punnett Farms aims to provide an immersive environment that supports learning of essential Mendelian genetics topics. Results from the pilot study were positive, suggesting the game has potential to be a helpful resource for genetics learners. Future efforts will focus on continuing to improve and evaluate the game across different contexts.
Exploring the Methodological Benefits and Challenges of Utilising a Photovoice Methodology With Individuals in Recovery From Problem Substance Use
Authors: Smith Emma , Carter Melody , Walklet Elaine , Hazell Paul
Published: January 2024

Photovoice is a type of visual research method which supports participants to reflect upon their experiences by capturing digital images. It is a methodology that is routinely used with groups that could be considered vulnerable, as a way of allowing participants to tell their stories for themselves. This article details the process of conducting a Photovoice study with individuals in recovery from problem substance use and reflects on the methodological benefits and challenges of utilising a visual research methodology with this population. Researchers wishing to conduct a Photovoice study with individuals in recovery should be mindful of striking a delicate balance between respecting an individual’s autonomy and ensuring their wellbeing. Although ethically complex, Photovoice is an ideal method for research with this population as it allows participants to convey meaning and introduce narratives for themselves in an engaging way.
Uncovering Patient and Caregiver Goals for Goal-Concordant Care in Kidney Therapy Decisions
Authors: Sampath Ramya , Seshadri Sandhya , Phan Tramanh , Allen Rebecca , Duberstein Paul R. , Saeed Fahad
Published: January 2024

Context

In kidney therapy (KT) decisions, goal-concordant decision-making is recognized to be important, yet alignment with patients' goals during dialysis initiation is not always achieved.

Objectives

To explore older patients’ and caregivers’ hopes, goals, and fears related to KT and communication of these elements with members of their health care team.

Methods

The study included patients aged ≥75 years with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤25 mL/min/1.73 m2 and their caregivers enrolled in a palliative care intervention for KT decision-making. Patients and caregivers were asked open-ended questions about their hopes, goals, and fears related to KT decisions. A survey assessed if patients shared their goals with members of their health care team. Qualitative data underwent content analysis, supplemented by demographic descriptive statistics.

Results

The mean age of patients (n = 26) was 82.7 (±5.7) years, and caregivers (n = 15) had a mean age of 66.4 (±13.7) years. Among the participants, 13 patients and 11 caregivers were women, and 20 patients and 12 caregivers were White. Four themes emerged: (1) Maintaining things as good as they are by avoiding dialysis-related burdens; (2) seeking longevity while avoiding dialysis; (3) avoiding pain, symptoms, and body disfigurement; and (4) deferring decision-making. Patients rarely had shared their goals with the key members of their health care team.

Conclusion

Patients and caregivers prioritize maintaining quality of life, deferring decision-making regarding dialysis, and avoiding dialysis-related burdens. These goals are often unshared with their family and health care teams. Given our aging population, urgent action is needed to educate clinicians to actively explore and engage with patient goals in KT decision-making.
Narratives About Memorable Camp Experiences: Fostering Growth in Youth from Low-Income Backgrounds
Authors: Lubeznik-Warner Robert P. , Froehly Michael , Wycoff Taylor , Povilaitis Victoria , Cloward Luke , Taylor Shannielle , Moon Seunghee
Published: January 2024

Background

Summer camp is an experiential learning setting that supports youth development. Due to high fees, youth from low-income backgrounds often have fewer opportunities to attend. Subsequently, there is little literature about these youth’s camp experiences.

Purpose

This research examined growth and the characteristics supporting growth in memorable camp experiences shared by youth more than one year after attending camps for youth from low-income backgrounds.

Methodology

We collected written narratives via an online survey distributed May 2022. A total of 352 youth ( Mage=16.06; SDage=0.88) provided narratives. About 56% of youth identified as female and about 23% of youth identified as a youth of color (36% identified as white; race/ethnicity data was not available for about 40% of youth). Considering the entire narrative as the unit of analysis, we inductively coded narratives for growth and characteristics supporting growth.

Findings

We identified growth in 33% of youth’s narratives (e.g., adopting new perspectives, discovering passions, value clarification, developing resilience). Growth occurred when youth had opportunities to try new activities, overcome challenges, or felt accepted and connected with peers or staff.

Implications

These findings provide useful information for practitioners and serve as a foundation for research about youth from low-income backgrounds’ camp experiences.
The Use of Platelet Concentrates in the Reconstruction of the Alveolar Cleft Defect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vásquez-Álvarez Mariana , Wang Qian , Zapata Uriel
Published: January 2024

Objective

Evaluate quantitative and qualitative outputs when comparing the incidence of platelet concentrates (PCs) combined with autogenous bone grafts to an autograft control group for the reconstruction of alveolar cleft defects.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients/Participants

Randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials where PCs were used in the reconstruction of alveolar cleft defects.

Interventions

Use of PCs in combination with autogenous bone graft in the experimental group and autogenous bone graft alone in the control group.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Average bone formation and bone density were evaluated, mean differences were calculated and pooled by a meta-analysis technique. Additionally, clinical outcomes such as wound dehiscence, closure of the oronasal fistula, pain, swelling, discharges, infections, and bleeding were considered in the qualitative synthesis.

Results

After an evaluation of forty-nine articles, nineteen were considered for the review. The qualitative assessment of bone density, bone formation, and clinical outcomes showed no differences between groups in most of the included studies. The meta-analysis showed no statistical differences between PCs groups when compared to the control group in bone density at three months (mean difference 45.67 HU, P = .23) and six months (mean difference 48.57 HU, P = .64). Neither were statistical differences in the percentage of regenerated bone volume at six months (mean difference 6.39%, P = .15) and the volume of newly formed bone at 12 months (mean difference 0.37 mm3, P = .99).

Conclusions

There were no significant differences in terms of bone formation, bone density, and clinical outputs between groups.
“It’s a Lot Deeper than the Way It Looks”: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Body Image for Men With Eating Disorders
Authors: Paphiti Andreas , Newman Emily , Collin Paula
Published: January 2024

Men represent a proportion of those with eating disorders yet are neglected in the existing literature. One area with limited research is how men with eating disorders experience body image. This study investigated how men with eating disorders make sense of their experience of body image. Ten male participants with diagnosed eating disorders were recruited from four National Health Service specialist adult eating disorder services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data analysed with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Analysis identified three themes: ‘Focus on Self’, ‘Focus on Others’ and ‘Systemic Influences and Pressures’. Findings indicated that body image was experienced intrapersonally, interpersonally, and systemically. This study adds to the limited accounts of body image among men with eating disorders. It is recommended that future research explore body image in underrepresented gender and sexuality groups and that clinicians incorporate the nuances of men’s experiences of body image into clinical assessment and treatment.
Men in Romance: A Scoping Review to Explore Men's Experience in Romantic Relationships in the Patriarchal Cultural Context
Authors: Himawan Karel Karsten , Sutanto Sandra H. , Pratiwi Pradipta Christy , Eriksson Lars
Published: January 2024

The current body of literature is weighted to the female perspective in exploring the perception and experience of romantic relationships. The paucity of literature on the male perspective provides an opportunity to highlight the unique masculine view attached to relationships. The current scoping review is aimed at summarizing the available literature about the perception and experience of men in various romantic, heterosexual relationship contexts. The findings were drawn from 163 studies published in the last 10 years that were extracted from multiple databases, including SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Pubmed. The current masculine perceptions associated with romantic relationships were captured and grouped through four contexts: man as a relational being, man in a state of singleness, man as a partner, and man as a parent. Power and sex appear to be the key drivers of research about men across relationship contexts. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the current research gap and providing clearer directions in research about romantic relationships that take into account the perspectives of men.
Artificial bee colony with predator effect algorithm for proportional integral derivative controller tuning
Authors: Singh Nirbhow Jap , Chopra Vikram , Pandey Sandeep
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a novel artificial bee colony with predation effect (ABCPE) algorithm for tuning a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. The mathematical model of ABCPE algorithm to introduce predator effect in the foraging behavior of artificial bees colony algorithm has been formulated. The proposed algorithm has been tested on tuning problems of different process models. The simulation results reveal that the closed-loop responses are relatively fast and non-oscillatory as compared to the frequency response analysis method for reference tracking. Further, the results obtained using ABCPE are also compared with other evolutionary algorithms. The exhaustive analysis shows that the ABCPE-based solution approach leads to a set of tuning parameters having smaller overshoot, less setting time, and rise time compared to other solution approaches. The stability analysis using Nichols plot reveals that the phase margin of proposed algorithm is higher as compared to other tuning methods. Finally, the convergence behavior and robustness analysis reveals the effectiveness of the proposed approach to solve engineering design problems.
Vibration sideband modulation mechanism and analytical signal modelling of the ring gear in a planetary gear set
Authors: Dai He , Wang Yinbo , Luo Shunan , Zi Bin
Published: January 2024

To address the vibration and modulation sideband mechanism problems, this paper proposes a dynamic model for the planetary gear transmission (PGT). Based on the time-varying vibration transfer path analysis, a novel analytical vibration signal model is derived using the mode superposition method to study the vibration characteristics of the ring gear. In the presented signal model, we analyze the complicated modulation sidebands in terms of frequency and reveal the amplitude modulation effect of the carrier. Results show that amplitudes of modulation sidebands are slightly asymmetric for a single planet system, while the amplitudes of modulation sidebands are asymmetric for the multiple planets system. Furthermore, methods for suppressing the vibration are proposed by designing the appropriate planet position angles, meshing phasing, and load sharing performance. Finally, simulation and experimental signals are compared to verify the proposed model. The result shows that experimental signals keep good consistency with the simulated signals.
Design and optimization of H-type asymmetric magnetic suspension vibration absorber for ships
Authors: Zhou Bo , Dai Changming , Liu Zhengyuan , Yu Jiawei , Liu Hui , Zhang Binbin
Published: January 2024

The active–passive hybrid vibration isolation technology emerges with the advancement of the requirements for ship vibration and noise reduction. Among these, the magnetic suspension damper based on magnetic suspension technology has received more attention. In this paper, the effects of magnetic pole area and control current on the magnetic flux density and suspension force are verified by establishing a magnetic suspension structure model and comparing and verifying the results carried out by combining the theoretical formulas and finite element simulation. By exploring the effect of the structure on the magnetic flux density and suspension force, a new H-type asymmetric magnetic suspension structure is proposed and simulated. The results show that the H-type asymmetric magnetic suspension structure is more successful at improving the suspension force while also widening the suspension force response interval and improving the performance of the magnetic suspension damper. In addition to offering a new design concept for the construction of ship vibration and noise reduction structures, this structural solution serves as a reference for the development of magnetic suspension dampers.
Characteristics and Dynamics of Cyberstalking Victimization Among Juveniles and Young Adults
Authors: Walsh Wendy A. , Finkelhor David , Turner Heather
Published: January 2024

Using the nationally representative Ipsos online KnowledgePanel, the sample included three hundred thirty-six 18- to 28-year-olds who retrospectively reported first cyberstalking incidents as juveniles (9- to 17-year-olds) or adults. Half of the sample first experienced cyberstalking as juveniles and half first experienced it as adults. Juveniles were more likely to have more than two perpetrators in the same episode, to experience more violent threats, and to avoid people because of what happened. Few reported the incident to the police, with juveniles less likely to report it to the police. Cyberstalking of juveniles appears just as or more serious than cyberstalking of adults.
Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Bisphenol A
Authors: Ricker Karin , Cheng Vanessa , Hsieh Chingyi Jennifer , Tsai Feng C. , Osborne Gwendolyn , Li Kate , Yilmazer-Musa Meltem , Sandy Martha S. , Cogliano Vincent J. , Schmitz Rose , Sun Meng
Published: January 2024

The ten key characteristics (KCs) of carcinogens are based on characteristics of known human carcinogens and encompass many types of endpoints. We propose that an objective review of the large amount of cancer mechanistic evidence for the chemical bisphenol A (BPA) can be achieved through use of these KCs. A search on metabolic and mechanistic data relevant to the carcinogenicity of BPA was conducted and web-based software tools were used to screen and organize the results. We applied the KCs to systematically identify, organize, and summarize mechanistic information for BPA, and to bring relevant carcinogenic mechanisms into focus. For some KCs with very large data sets, we utilized reviews focused on specific endpoints. Over 3000 studies for BPA from various data streams (exposed humans, animals, in vitro and cell-free systems) were identified. Mechanistic data relevant to each of the ten KCs were identified, with receptor-mediated effects, epigenetic alterations, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation being especially data rich. Reactive and bioactive metabolites are also associated with a number of KCs. This review demonstrates how the KCs can be applied to evaluate mechanistic data, especially for data-rich chemicals. While individual entities may have different approaches for the incorporation of mechanistic data in cancer hazard identification, the KCs provide a practical framework for conducting an objective examination of the available mechanistic data without a priori assumptions on mode of action. This analysis of the mechanistic data available for BPA suggests multiple and inter-connected mechanisms through which this chemical can act.
Energy absorption characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced plastic/aluminum hybrid materials double arrow-head auxetic structure
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zeng Haohan , Nie Bingbing , Jia Fang , Gao Qiang
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to improve the energy absorption capabilities of auxetic structures, which are used in sandwich structures in engineering. To achieve this, the study used a combination of CFRP and aluminum materials in a hybrid double arrow-head auxetic (DAHA) structure. This paper conducted experiments and simulations to analyze the mechanical properties of the hybrid DAHA structures and found that the mixture ratio of hybrid material, ply angles of CFRP laminates, and inclination angles of beams significantly influenced the energy absorption performance of the structures. Additionally, the proposed hybrid DAHA structures outperformed other control groups when the thickness ratio of CFRP was 75%. The inclination angles of beams also affected the energy absorption capacity by changing the structural void of DAHA structures. These findings offer new insights into enhancing the energy absorption capacity of hybrid auxetic structures. The proposed hybrid structures can absorb more energy by 56.4% with a lower peak crushing force comparing with the traditional metal auxetic structure. Therefore, the CFRP/Aluminum hybrid auxetic structure has a bright future in the energy absorption fields.
Alternative dialysis access strategies: A case report of a patient with transrenal hemodialysis catheter due to exhausted traditional routes and review of literature
Authors: Shehab Maysam , Griton Igal , Kosykh Stanislav , Bachar Adi R , Haddad Menashe , Rozenberg Ilan
Published: January 2024

Vascular access is the primary lifeline for patients with end-stage renal disease. While arteriovenous fistulas and grafts are the conventionally favored methods for dialysis therapy, certain patients may deplete these traditional vascular access options due to various reasons. In the quest for alternatives, unconventional vascular pathways could be considered, including transhepatic, trans-lumbar and trans-renal approaches. We present a case of a 61-year-old male who exhausted all the traditional vascular access options, therefore trans-renal hemodialysis catheter placement was performed. Overall, this case highlights the challenges of securing a reliable vascular access to perform dialysis therapy and implementing unconventional methods whenever regular means are exhausted.
A 4-year tunneled hemodialysis catheter malpositioned into the azygos vein and how to remedy the hemodialysis circuit
Authors: Xiong Yuqin , Zhao Qiuyan , Yu Yang , Cui Tianlei
Published: January 2024

Mispositioning in the azygos vein is a rare but hazardous complication of central venous catheterization. A patient was admitted for a dysfunctional hemodialysis tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) placed in the azygos vein for 4 years. Computed tomography angiography revealed multiple sites of occlusion, including the superior vena cava (SVC), right and left innominate veins (IVs), and right femoral vein. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and a TCC replacement based on a segment-by-segment recanalizing strategy were performed. First, an 8-Fr sheath was inserted through the left femoral vein approach to retrogradely traverse the occlusive SVC followed by a guidewire extending to the occlusive left IV. A left transjugular 15-cm snare was inserted to capture the transfemoral guidewire and achieve recanalization from the left IV to the SVC. Second, a transjugular guidewire was advanced through the dysfunctional TCC yet shunted into the left IV due to the inability to cross the SVC. A left transfemoral 15-cm snare was inserted to capture the guidewire and achieve complete recanalization from the right internal jugular vein to the SVC. Balloons were passed over the guidewires to dilate the obstructive lesions sequentially, and a new TCC was inserted successfully with the tip positioned in the right atrium.
Efficacy and safety of implantable vascular support in the treatment of arteriovenous fistula: A single-arm meta-analyses
Authors: Li Xuanwei , Ma Congyuan , Li Wenlai , Li Yue , Zhang Meng , Zhu Ping
Published: January 2024

Background and objectives:

VasQ (Laminate Medical Technologies, Israel) is an external support device for autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) designed to improve anastomotic blood flow and reduce neointimal hyperplasia. However, different studies have shown that the efficacy of the VasQ device in improving AVF is inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of the VasQ device.

Design, setting, participants, and measurements:

Two reviewers independently searched studies published in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases from inception to 2023. The Cochrane Systematic Evaluation Bias Risk Tool Version 1 was used to assess the risk of RCTS bias. The ROBINS-I tool was used to assess the risk of bias in non-randomized studies. A Single-arm meta-analysis was performed, and a random effects model was used for all analyses.

Results:

We identified six trials involving 146 patients and conducted a meta-analysis. The results showed that after 6 months of VasQ device treatment, the primary patency rate of AVF was [76.4% (95%CI: 0.608–0.920), p < 0.01] while the secondary patency rate was [76.5% (95%CI: 0.572–0.958), p < 0.01]. The maturity rate of AVF 1 month after surgery was [88.5% (95%CI: 0.818–0.952), p = 0.46]. The incidence of anastomotic stenosis was [8.9% (95%CI: 0.015–0.163), p = 0.23], and the incidence of anastomotic venous thrombosis was [10% (95%CI: 0.035–0.179), p = 0.38].

Conclusions:

Meta-analysis data of this study show that the VasQ device has a good effect in improving the patency rate of AVF and does not increase the occurrence of adverse events. However, due to the limitation of the number and quality of included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm this in the future.
Assessing the time-to-removal of totally implantable venous access devices comparing valved-versus open-ended catheters in patients treated with chemotherapy
Authors: Amroun Koceila , Brugel Mathias , Rhaiem Rami , Teuma Lugdivine , Vannieuwenhuyse Geoffrey , Lipere Audrey , Brenet Esteban , Kianmanesh Reza , Bouché Olivier
Published: January 2024

Background:

Totally IntraVenous Acess Devices (TIVAD) are used to have long-term bloodstream access. The catheter connected to the subcutaneous chamber may be valved (TIVAD-V) or open-ended (TIVAD-O). Infectious and occlusion complications require the removal of the TIVAD. We compared the two types of catheters (TIVAD-V and TIVAD-O) in terms of time-to-removal and complication rates.

Methods:

A retrospective study of 636 patients treated for any malignancy using a TIVAD were included. TIVAD complication was defined as the occurrence of infection or occlusion requiring TIVAD removal. Risk factors of complications and time-to-removal of TIVAD were assessed by a Cox proportional hazard analysis.

Results:

A total of 55 TIVADs (8.7%) were removed including 47 for infection and eight for occlusion in 54 months. There was no significant difference in the frequency of complications between TIVAD-V and TIVAD-O. There was no significant difference in time-to-removal between TIVAD-V and TIVAD-O (17.0 months, IQR [10.5–25.0] and 18.4 months, IQR [11.5–22.9], p = 0.345, respectively).

Conclusion:

There was no difference between TIVAD with valved and open catheter in terms of complications and time-to-removal in patients treated by chemotherapy.
Identifying a Cohort of People Who Are Transgender and Gender-Diverse Within Saskatchewan’s Administrative Health Databases
Authors: Rose Gwen , Goalen Seanna , Clark Megan , Madill Stéphanie
Published: January 2024

This was a retrospective cohort study. Algorithms were developed to identify a cohort of people who were trans and gender diverse (PTGD) among provincial-level administrative health databases (physician, hospital, emergency department, and pharmacy) from April 1, 2012 to September 30, 2020. Then, healthcare usage was compared between the identified cohort and the general population. There were 6466 unique individuals identified in the cohort, out of a total population of 1.2 million Saskatchewan residents (~0.5%). They had a mean age of 42.5 (SD 17.7) years. 1946 (30.1%) had a female sex marker and 4560 (69.9%) had a male sex marker, which may not indicate their lived gender. The cohort had increased healthcare usage 2 years prior to their index date, compared to the general population, which continued to rise to 1 year past their index date across physician, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations. The results for drugs were mixed. The percentage of PTGD identified in Saskatchewan was comparable to other studies. Healthcare utilization among the cohort was higher than the general population. Further research could use external data sources to validate and improve the cohort identification methods. The large majority of individuals with a male sex marker deserves further investigation.
Real-World Cost-Consequence Analysis of an Integrated Chronic Disease Management Program in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Kuwornu John Paul , Maldonado Fernando , Groot Gary , Penz Erika , Cooper Elizabeth J , Reid Amy , Marciniuk Darcy D
Published: January 2024

An integrated disease management program otherwise called a clinical pathway was recently implemented in Saskatchewan, Canada for patients living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study compared the real-world costs and consequences of the COPD clinical pathway program with 2 control treatment programs. The study comprised adult COPD patients in Regina (clinical pathway group, N = 759) matched on propensity scores to 2 independent control groups of similar adults in (1) Regina (historical controls, N = 759) and (2) Saskatoon (contemporaneous controls, N = 759). The study measures included patient-level healthcare costs and acute COPD exacerbation outcomes, both tracked in population-based administrative health data over a one-year follow-up period. Analyses included Cox proportional hazards models and differences in means between groups. The bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap method was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CI). The COPD pathway patients had lower risks of moderate (hazard ratio [HR] =0.57, 95% CI [0.40-0.83]) and severe (HR = 0.43, 95% CI [0.28-0.66]) exacerbations compared to the historical control group, but similar risks compared with the contemporaneous control group. The COPD pathway patients experienced fewer episodes of exacerbations compared with the historical control group (mean difference = −0.30, 95% CI [−0.40, −0.20]) and the contemporaneous control group (mean difference = −0.12, 95% CI [−0.20, −0.03]). Average annual healthcare costs in Canadian dollars were marginally higher among patients in the COPD clinical pathway (mean = $10 549, standard deviation [SD] =$18 149) than those in the contemporaneous control group ($8841, SD = $17 120), but comparable to the historical control group ($10 677, SD = $21 201). The COPD pathway provides better outcomes at about the same costs when compared to the historical controls, but only slightly better outcomes and at a marginally higher cost when compared to the contemporaneous controls.