bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence for an emotional adaptive function of dreams: a cross-cultural study
Authors: Samson David R. , Clerget Alice , Abbas Noor , Senese Jeffrey , Sarma Mallika S. , Lew-Levy Sheina , Mabulla Ibrahim A. , Mabulla Audax Z. P. , Miegakanda Valchy , Borghese Francesca , Henckaerts Pauline , Schwartz Sophie , Sterpenich Virginie , Gettler Lee T. , Boyette Adam , Crittenden Alyssa N. , Perogamvros Lampros
Published: October 2023

The function of dreams is a longstanding scientific research question. Simulation theories of dream function, which are based on the premise that dreams represent evolutionary past selective pressures and fitness improvement through modified states of consciousness, have yet to be tested in cross-cultural populations that include small-scale forager societies. Here, we analyze dream content with cross-cultural comparisons between the BaYaka (Rep. of Congo) and Hadza (Tanzania) foraging groups and Global North populations, to test the hypothesis that dreams in forager groups serve a more effective emotion regulation function due to their strong social norms and high interpersonal support. Using a linear mixed effects model we analyzed 896 dreams from 234 individuals across these populations, recorded using dream diaries. Dream texts were processed into four psychosocial constructs using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC-22) dictionary. The BaYaka displayed greater community-oriented dream content. Both the BaYaka and Hadza exhibited heightened threat dream content, while, at the same time, the Hadza demonstrated low negative emotions in their dreams. The Global North Nightmare Disorder group had increased negative emotion content, and the Canadian student sample during the COVID-19 pandemic displayed the highest anxiety dream content. In conclusion, this study supports the notion that dreams in non-clinical populations can effectively regulate emotions by linking potential threats with non-fearful contexts, reducing anxiety and negative emotions through emotional release or catharsis. Overall, this work contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary significance of this altered state of consciousness.
High-intensity interval training attenuates development of autoimmune encephalomyelitis solely by systemic immunomodulation
Authors: Goldberg Yehuda , Segal Shir , Hamdi Liel , Nabat Hanan , Fainstein Nina , Mediouni Efrat , Asis Yarden , Theotokis Paschalis , Salamotas Ilias , Grigoriadis Nikolaos , Katz Abram , Ben-Hur Tamir , Einstein Ofira
Published: October 2023

The impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the central nervous system (CNS) in autoimmune neuroinflammation is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the direct effects of HIIT on the CNS and development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Healthy mice were subjected to HIIT by treadmill running and the proteolipid protein (PLP) transfer EAE model was utilized. To examine neuroprotection, PLP-reactive lymph-node cells (LNCs) were transferred to HIIT and sedentary (SED) mice. To examine immunomodulation, PLP-reactive LNCs from HIIT and SED donor mice were transferred to naïve recipients and analyzed in vitro. HIIT in recipient mice did not affect the development of EAE following exposure to PLP-reactive LNCs. HIIT mice exhibited enhanced migration of systemic autoimmune cells into the CNS and increased demyelination. In contrast, EAE severity in recipient mice injected with PLP-reactive LNCs from HIIT donor mice was significantly diminished. The latter positive effect was associated with decreased migration of autoimmune cells into the CNS and inhibition of very late antigen (VLA)-4 expression in LNCs. Thus, the beneficial effect of HIIT on EAE development is attributed solely to systemic immunomodulatory effects, likely because of systemic inhibition of autoreactive cell migration and reduced VLA-4 integrin expression.
Using wasps as a tool to restore a functioning vine grape mycobiota and preserve the mycobial “terroir”
Authors: Di Paola Monica , Gori Agnese , Stefanini Irene , Meriggi Niccolò , Renzi Sonia , Nenciarini Stefano , Cerasuolo Benedetta , Moriondo Marco , Romoli Riccardo , Pieraccini Giuseppe , Baracchi David , Turillazzi Francesco , Turillazzi Stefano , Cavalieri Duccio
Published: October 2023

In the last one-hundred years, the exponential expansion of wine making has artificialized the agricultural landscape as well as its microbial diversity, spreading human selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Evidence showed that social wasps can harbor a significant fraction of the yeast phenotypic diversity of a given area of wine production, allowing different strains to overwinter and mate in their gut. The integrity of the wasp-yeast ecological interaction is of paramount importance to maintain the resilience of microbial populations associated to wine aromatic profiles. In a field experiment, we verified whether Polistes dominula wasps, reared in laboratory and fed with a traceable S. cerevisiae strain, could be a useful tool to drive the controlled yeast dispersion directly on grapes. The demonstration of the biotechnological potential of social insects in organic wine farming lays the foundations for multiple applications including maintenance of microbial biodiversity and rewilding vineyards through the introduction of wasp associated microbiomes.
Integrating operant behavior and fiber photometry with the open-source python library Pyfiber
Authors: Conlisk Dana , Ceau Matias , Fiancette Jean-François , Winke Nanci , Darmagnac Elise , Herry Cyril , Deroche-Gamonet Véronique
Published: October 2023

Despite the popularity of fiber photometry (FP), its integration with operant behavior paradigms is progressing slowly. This can be attributed to the complex protocols in operant behavior – resulting in a combination of diverse non-predictable behavioral responses and scheduled events, thereby complicating data analysis. To overcome this, we developed Pyfiber, an open-source python library which facilitates the merge of FP with operant behavior by relating changes in fluorescent signals within a neuronal population to behavioral responses and events. Pyfiber helps to 1. Extract events and responses that occur in operant behavior, 2. Extract and process the FP signals, 3. Select events of interest and align them to the corresponding FP signals, 4. Apply appropriate signal normalization and analysis according to the type of events, 5. Run analysis on multiple individuals and sessions, 6. Collect results in an easily readable format. Pyfiber is suitable for use with many different fluorescent sensors and operant behavior protocols. It was developed using Doric lenses FP systems and Imetronic behavioral systems, but it possesses the capability to process data from alternative systems. This work sets a solid foundation for analyzing the relationship between different dimensions of complex behavioral paradigms with fluorescent signals from brain regions of interest.
Time-series analysis of transcriptomic changes due to permethrin exposure reveals that Aedes aegypti undergoes detoxification metabolism over 24 h
Authors: Mack Lindsey K. , Attardo Geoffrey M.
Published: October 2023

Insecticide resistance is a multifaceted response and an issue across taxa. Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that vectors Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever, demonstrates high levels of pyrethroid resistance across the globe, presenting a challenge to public health officials. To examine the transcriptomic shifts across time after exposure to permethrin, a 3’Tag-Seq analysis was employed on samples 6, 10, and 24 h after exposure along with controls. Differential expression analysis revealed significant shifts in detoxifying enzymes and various energy-producing metabolic processes. These findings indicate significant alterations in gene expression associated with key energy mobilization pathways within the system. These changes encompass a coordinated response involving lipolysis, beta-oxidation, and the citric acid cycle, required for the production of energetic molecules such as ATP, NADH, NADPH, and FADH. These findings highlight a complex interplay of metabolic processes that may have broader implications for understanding insect physiology and response to environmental stimuli. Among the upregulated detoxifying enzymes are cytochrome P450s, glutathione s-transferases and peroxidases, and ATP-binding cassette transporters. Additionally, eight heat shock genes or genes with heat shock domains exhibit the highest fold change across time. Twenty-four hours after exposure, samples indicate a global downregulation of these processes, though principal component analysis suggests lasting signatures of the response. Understanding the recovery response to insecticide exposure provides information on possible new genetic and synergist targets to explore.
An ultra-fast method for designing holographic phase shifting surfaces
Authors: Biswas Akash , Zekios Constantinos L. , Georgakopoulos Stavros V.
Published: October 2023

Holographic phase-shifting surfaces (PSSs) have been proven to offer a cost-effective solution for enabling passive arrays to mechanically steer their beams toward desired directions. However, even though the principle of operation of PSSs is straightforward, designing a PSS is very challenging, because it involves an extremely high computational time, which in turn limits their usage and development. Notably, traditional design approaches of PSSs, withNnumber of layers that haveMdifferent variations of conductive patches, need$$M^N$$MNfull-wave simulations to be properly characterized. To address these challenges that are associated with the design of PSSs and reduce the needed computational effort, we present here a semi-numerical approach that enables the efficient design of holographic PSSs. Specifically, by representing anN-layer PSS unit-cell asNcascaded networks, where each network represents one layer of the PSS that hasMdifferent designs of sub-wavelength resonators, we only need to conduct$$N \times M$$N×Mfull-wave simulations to collect all the required data needed to analyze the performance of the PSS. In turn, by utilizing the multiplication property of ABCD parameters we can evaluate very efficiently all the$$M^N$$MNdifferent combinations that characterize our PSS. To validate the accuracy of our design methodology, a 1-D beam steerable antenna system is designed that is comprised of a circularly polarized holographic metasurface antenna (HMA) and a hybrid PSS, both operating at 30 GHz. Comparisons between our semi-numerical results, full-wave simulations, and measurements demonstrate an angular error of less than$$0.7^{\circ }$$0.7∘.
Lateral river erosion impacts the preservation of Neolithic enclosures in alluvial plains
Authors: Grimaud Jean-Louis , Gouge Patrick , Huyghe Damien , Petit Christophe , Lestel Laurence , Eschbach David , Lemay Martin , Catry Jean , Quaisse Ibtissem , Imperor Amélie , Szewczyk Léo , Mordant Daniel
Published: October 2023

Situating prehistoric sites in their past environment helps us to understand their functionality and the organization of early sedentary human societies. However, this is a challenge as the natural environment constantly evolves through time and erases these constructions, especially along riverbanks, thus biasing the archaeological record. This study introduces a reassessment of the paleo-landscape evolution around the Neolithic enclosures at the Noyen-sur-Seine site based on new field observations as well as the synthesis of (un)published and new radiocarbon dating. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, our results show that the Noyen enclosures were not built along a Neolithic Seine River: the nearby channels were active in the Middle Age and Early Modern periods. Therefore, the results show that the enclosures were originally much larger: only a fraction that survived river erosion (lateral migration rates up to 2–3 m yr−1estimated during the nineteenth century) has been preserved. Instead, an abandoned Mesolithic Seine River served as a natural delimitation of the SE part of the Neolithic enclosures. These results indicate that Neolithic enclosures in alluvial settings are often only partly preserved and that societies from that period lived farther away from active rivers than originally thought, where they were protected from floods.
Transcriptomic landscape of the interaction between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and its tolerant host Tribolium castaneum revealed by dual RNA-seq
Authors: Mannino María Constanza , Davyt-Colo Belén , Huarte-Bonnet Carla , Diambra Luis , Pedrini Nicolás
Published: October 2023

Entomopathogenic fungi such as Beauveria bassiana are the only insect pathogens able to start the infection process by penetrating through the host cuticle. However, some insects try to avoid fungal infection by embedding their cuticle with antifungal compounds. This is the case of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, which generates economical loss of great significance in stored product environments worldwide. In this study, T. castaneum adults were fed during different time periods (from 3 to 72 h) on B. bassiana conidia-covered corn kernels. The progression of fungal infection was monitored using the dual RNA-seq technique to reconstruct the temporal transcriptomic profile and to perform gene enrichment analyses in both interacting organisms. After mapping the total reads with the B. bassiana genome, 904 genes were identified during this process. The more expressed fungal genes were related to carbon catabolite repression, cation binding, peptidase inhibition, redox processes, and stress response. Several immune-related genes from Toll, IMD, and JNK pathways, as well as genes related to chitin modification, were found to be differentially expressed in fungus-exposed T. castaneum. This study represents the first dual transcriptomic approach to help understand the interaction between the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana and its tolerant host T. castaneum.
Metabolomics and machine learning technique revealed that germination enhances the multi-nutritional properties of pigmented rice
Authors: Tiozon Rhowell Jr. N. , Sreenivasulu Nese , Alseekh Saleh , Sartagoda Kristel June D. , Usadel Björn , Fernie Alisdair R.
Published: October 2023

Enhancing the dietary properties of rice is crucial to contribute to alleviating hidden hunger and non-communicable diseases in rice-consuming countries. Germination is a bioprocessing approach to increase the bioavailability of nutrients in rice. However, there is a scarce information on how germination impacts the overall nutritional profile of pigmented rice sprouts (PRS). Herein, we demonstrated that germination resulted to increase levels of certain dietary compounds, such as free phenolics and micronutrients (Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, riboflavin, and biotin). Metabolomic analysis revealed the preferential accumulation of dipeptides, GABA, and flavonoids in the germination process. Genome-wide association studies of the PRS suggested the activation of specific genes such as CHS1 and UGT genes responsible for increasing certain flavonoid compounds. Haplotype analyses showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between alleles associated with these genes. Genetic markers associated with these flavonoids were incorporated into the random forest model, improving the accuracy of prediction of multi-nutritional properties from 89.7% to 97.7%. Deploying this knowledge to breed rice with multi-nutritional properties will be timely to address double burden nutritional challenges.
Face-directed assembly of tailored isoreticular MOFs using centring structure-directing agents
Authors: Barsukova Marina , Sapianik Aleksandr , Guillerm Vincent , Shkurenko Aleksander , Shaikh Aslam C. , Parvatkar Prakash , Bhatt Prashant M. , Bonneau Mickaele , Alhaji Abdulhadi , Shekhah Osama , Balestra Salvador R. G. , Semino Rocio , Maurin Guillaume , Eddaoudi Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Building blocks with low connectivity and no embedded directionality are prone to polymorphism, as demonstrated by the diversity of 4-connected zeolitic nets (>250). As a result, their deployment for design in reticular and isoreticular chemistries remains a challenge. However, the ability to control geometrical peculiarities offers potential to deviate from the assembly of default structures. Here we report the face-directed assembly of >20 isoreticular zeolite-like metal–organic frameworks (ZMOFs) by using polytopic expanding and tightening centring structure-directing agents (cSDAs). The cSDAs are selected with the appropriate geometrical coding information to alter and control the orientation of adjacent supermolecular building blocks. The ZMOFs have an underlying sodalite (sod) topology that is remarkably suited for the rational assembly of multinary materials. In addition to a variety of metal cations (In, Fe, Co and Ni), a diverse range of cSDAs (di-, tri-, tetra-, hexa-, pyridyl or imidazole) are used and combined. Our approach enables isoreticular possibilities at both extremities of the porous materials spectrum: In-sod-ZMOF-102 exhibits small pore aperture suitable for efficient separation, while Fe-sod-ZMOF-320 with 48-Å-wide mesopores exhibits high hydrogen uptake, methane storage working capacity and a high gravimetric working capacity for oxygen.
A photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent probe based on an iridium(iii) complex with a boronic acid-functionalised ancillary ligand for the selective detection of mercury(ii) ions
Authors: Kim Kyoung-Rok , Oh Jinrok , Hong Jong-In
Published: October 2023

We report a photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent Hg2+ probe based on the transmetalation reaction between Hg2+ and boronic acid of the ancillary ligand of a cyclometalated Ir(iii) complex.
A strategy for orthogonal deubiquitination using a bump-and-hole approach
Authors: Suzuki Takumi , Utsugi Yuki , Yamanaka Satoshi , Takahashi Hirotaka , Sato Yusuke , Sawasaki Tatsuya , Miyamae Yusaku
Published: October 2023

We established orthogonal deubiquitination, which enables us to selectively observe a single type of deubiquitinating enzyme activity in living cells.
Observation of alumina nanoparticles generated from aqueous solutions of a “flat” aluminum-13 cluster
Authors: Rosen Alex Q. , Salpino Victor , Johnson Darren W.
Published: October 2023

Nanoscale agglomerates of amorphous alumina have been observed after a facile synthesis of a flat-Al13 molecular cluster. Solid and solution state studies were leveraged to investigate these species.
Unraveling chemical processes during nanoparticle synthesis with liquid phase electron microscopy and correlative techniques
Authors: Chen Amy , Dissanayake Thilini U. , Sun Jiayue , Woehl Taylor J.
Published: October 2023

This feature article highlights recent developments and applications of liquid phase transmission electron microscopy and correlative chemical analysis to establish chemical processes during multimetallic metal nanoparticle synthesis.
NaCo7.38(PO4)4Cl4 in a series of homeotype compounds with stable cationic substructures derived from the sulphohalite archetype
Authors: Yakubovich Olga , Kiriukhina Galina , Simonov Sergei , Volkov Anatoliy , Dimitrova Olga
Published: October 2023

The synthesis and characterization of NaCo7.38(PO4)4Cl4 is reported. Its crystal chemical features allow us to consider the new phase as a potential multifunctional material with ionic conductivity and promising magnetic properties.
Characteristic nuclear spin-induced optical rotation in oxygen-containing organic molecules
Authors: Kamula Eelis , Vaara Juha , Štěpánek Petr
Published: October 2023

Nuclear spin-induced optical rotation of nuclei in organic oxo-compounds shows characteristic patterns related to the molecular structure.
Exciton dynamics of an aggregation-induced delayed fluorescence emitter in non-doped OLEDs and its application as host for high-efficiency red phosphorescent OLEDs
Authors: Li Hanlin , Lin Chengwei , Wu Yibing , Qiao Xianfeng , Yang Dezhi , Dai Yanfeng , Sun Qian , Ahamad Tansir , Zhao Zhujin , Ma Dongge
Published: October 2023

Investigation of the low efficiency roll-off of AIDF non-doped OLEDs from the perspective of device physics and AIDF application in PHOLEDs.
Tailored mesoporous γ-WO3 nanoplates: unraveling their potential for highly sensitive NH3 detection and efficient photocatalysis
Authors: Tripathi Shubham , Yadav Jyoti , Kumar Atul , Yadav Raj Kamal , Chauhan Pratima , Rawat Ravindra Kumar , Tripathi Satyam
Published: October 2023

Herein, the monoclinic phase of tungsten oxide (γ-WO3) was successfully obtained after annealing hydrothermally synthesised WO3 powder at 500 °C.
Phosphorus-centered ion–molecule reactions: benchmark ab initio characterization of the potential energy surfaces of the X− + PH2Y [X, Y = F, Cl, Br, I] systems
Authors: Ballay Boldizsár , Szűcs Tímea , Papp Dóra , Czakó Gábor
Published: October 2023

We investigate the stationary points involving higher-energy products of the X− + PH2Y [X, Y = F, Cl, Br, I] reactions by determining benchmark geometries and energies, with core-correlation, scalar relativistic, post-(T) and ZPE contributions.
Smart nanochannels: tailoring ion transport properties through variation in nanochannel geometry
Authors: Heydari Amirhossein , Khatibi Mahdi , Ashrafizadeh Seyed Nezameddin
Published: October 2023

This research explores ion transport behavior and functionality in a hybrid nanochannel that consists of two conical and cylindrical parts.
Si/Ge interfacial thermal conductance enhancement through Sn nanoparticle embedding
Authors: Liu Ying-Guang , Li Heng-Xuan , Qiu Yu-Jun , Li Xin , Huang Chun-Pu
Published: October 2023

The effect of embedding Sn nanoparticles at the Si/Ge interface on interfacial thermal conductance was investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.
Controlling the C1/C2+ product selectivity of electrochemical CO2 reduction upon tuning bimetallic CuIn electrocatalyst composition and operating conditions
Authors: Gu Lin , Dutta Chowdhury Abhishek
Published: October 2023

Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction (eCO2R) over Cu-based bimetallic catalysts is a promising technique for converting CO2 into value-added multi-carbon products, such as fuels, chemicals, and materials.
Sustainable production of prodigiosin from rice straw derived xylose by using isolated Serratia marcescens (CMS 2): statistical optimization, characterization, encapsulation & cost analysis
Authors: Miglani Kanika , Singh Saumya , Singh Devendra Pratap , Krishania Meena
Published: October 2023

Prodigiosin-producing isolate Serratia marcescens, with sustainable media produced 1.9 times more prodigiosin, encapsulation increased its water solubility and whole process for prodigiosin production is cost-effective.
Comparison of the taste mechanisms of umami and bitter peptides from fermented mandarin fish (Chouguiyu) based on molecular docking and electronic tongue technology
Authors: Li Chunsheng , Yang Daqiao , Li Laihao , Wang Yueqi , Chen Shengjun , Zhao Yongqiang , Lin Wanling
Published: October 2023

Key indicators of molecular docking related to taste intensity were specified in umami and bitter peptides to develop a rapid screening technique for taste peptides.
Systematic metabolic engineering of Bacillus licheniformis for hyperproduction of the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol
Authors: Zhan Yangyang , Zhou Fei , Ruan Wenqi , Yin Hao , Li Zhi , Wang Huan , Li Tao , Cai Dongbo , Yang Shihui , Ma Xin , Chen Shouwen
Published: October 2023

Establishment of a green and sustainable process for production of the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol using metabolically engineered Bacillus licheniformis.
Improved epitaxial growth and multiferroic properties of Bi3Fe2Mn2Ox using CeO2 re-seeding layers
Authors: Barnard James P. , Shen Jianan , Zhang Yizhi , Lu Juanjuan , Song Jiawei , Siddiqui Aleem , Sarma Raktim , Wang Haiyan
Published: October 2023

The insertion of strain re-seeding CeO2 layers allows for thick growth of strain-dependent Aurivillius supercell phases.
Two-step separation of lignin from poplar wood powder using malic acid/choline chloride deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Tian Rubo , Zhang Man , Zhu Yingming , Wu Kejing , Liu Yingying , Wang Binshen , Lu Houfang , Liang Bin
Published: October 2023

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been extensively studied for lignin extraction from lignocellulosic biomass due to their easy synthesis, selective lignin dissolution, high recyclability, and other benefits.
Organocatalytic allylic alkylation of alkyne-substituted MBH carbonates: access to quaternary carbon-containing 1,4-enynes
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Mei , Ma Rongrong , Niu Rui , Wang Haodong , Zhang Yantu , Lin Jun-Bing
Published: October 2023

A DABCO-catalyzed allylic alkylation of alkyne-substituted MBH carbonates with nitromethane was realized, delivering a series of all-carbon quaternary center-containing 1,4-enynes.
Enhancing acid orange II degradation in ozonation processes with CaFe2O4 nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Van Huu Tap , Hoang Van Hung , Luu Thi Cuc , Vi Thuy Linh , Nga Luong Thi Quynh , Marcaida Gio Serafin Ivan Jimenez , Pham Truong-Tho
Published: October 2023

This study used CaFe2O4 nanoparticles as a catalyst for ozonation processes to degrade Acid Orange II (AOII) in aqueous solution.
A highly selective Hg2+ colorimetric sensor and antimicrobial agent based on green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Equisetum diffusum extract
Authors: Jabbar Amina , Abbas Azhar , Assad Nasir , Naeem-ul-Hassan Muhammad , Alhazmi Hassan A. , Najmi Asim , Zoghebi Khalid , Al Bratty Mohammed , Hanbashi Ali , Amin Hatem M. A.
Published: October 2023

E. diffusum extract-capped AgNPs were synthesized using a simple method based on sunlight irradiation. The functionalized AgNPs revealed rapid naked-eye detection and remarkable selectivity to Hg2+ as well as promising antibacterial effect.
Bacteria-derived topologies of Cu2O nanozymes exert a variable antibacterial effect
Authors: Shukla Ashish Kumar , Morya Vinod , Datta Bhaskar
Published: October 2023

A schematic representation of fabrication of different morphologies of Cu2O nanozymes for an antibacterial effect.
Facile synthesis of a new covalent organic nanosheet (CON-KEY1) based on polyamide links as an effective heterogeneous catalyst in C–C cross coupling reactions
Authors: Keypour Hassan , Kouhdareh Jamal , Karimi-Nami Rahman , Karakaya Idris , Abdollahi-Moghadam Molood , Rabiei Khadijeh , Alavinia Sedigheh
Published: October 2023

C–C coupling reactions represent a fundamental synthetic methodology widely employed in academic and industrial settings.
Scalloped pattern deposition during the spreading and drying of polymer droplets
Authors: Othman Ahmed M. , Poulos Andreas S. , Torres Ophelie , Routh Alexander F.
Published: October 2023

Droplets containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) dissolved in ethanol display a distinctive scalloped pattern at the rim while spreading and drying on a high-energy surface.
MnP4 electrode for Na-ion batteries: a complex and effective electrochemical mechanism
Authors: Fullenwarth Julien , Fraisse Bernard , Dupré Nicolas , Stievano Lorenzo , Monconduit Laure
Published: October 2023

MnP4 has recently been identified as a possible negative electrode for Li-ion batteries.
Recent progress in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) in water electrolysis: synthesis, physio-chemical analysis, properties, and applications
Authors: Sriram Ganesan , Dhanabalan Karmegam , Ajeya Kanalli V. , Aruchamy Kanakaraj , Ching Yern Chee , Oh Tae Hwan , Jung Ho-Young , Kurkuri Mahaveer
Published: October 2023

An overview of recent advancements in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and their performance in water electrolysis is provided, and the progress of an electrocatalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) is also discussed.
Photocatalytic H2 evolution coupled with selective aromatic alcohol oxidation over nitrogen-vacancy-rich Ti3C2Tx/g-C3N4 junctions via interfacial N–Ti bonding
Authors: Yi Wen-Jing , Du Xin , Yi Sha-Sha , Liu Yanyan , Li Baojun , Liu Zhong-Yi , Yue Xin-Zheng
Published: October 2023

2D/2D nitrogen-vacancy-rich Ti3C2Tx/g-C3N4 (TC/CN) Schottky heterojunctions with interfacial N–Ti bonds have been successfully constructed as an efficient photocatalyst for simultaneous H2 evolution coupled with selective aromatic alcohol oxidation.
Linker engineering to regulate the fluorescence of hydrazone-linked covalent organic frameworks for the real-time visual detection of norfloxacin and multiple information encryption
Authors: Wan Haifei , Li Mengyao , Wang Li , Song Yonghai
Published: October 2023

The misuse and improper handling of norfloxacin (NOR) can cause serious harm; therefore, the sensitive and visual detection of NOR is of great significance.
Fast detection of Staphylococcus aureus using thiol-functionalized WS2 quantum dots and Bi2O2Se nanosheets hybrid through a fluorescence recovery mechanism
Authors: Mia Abdul Kaium , Bora Abhilasha , Hossain Md Tarik , Sinha Swapnil , Giri P. K.
Published: October 2023

Ultrafast and sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus, a harmful Gram-positive human pathogenic bacterium, by two-dimensional layered materials continues to be a challenge. Here we present an ultrafast and selective detection of S. aureus bacterium using strong fluorescence emission of WS2 QDs.
Fluorescence imaging of peripheral nerve function and structure
Authors: Yang Xiaoqi , Zhang Yumin , Liu Yadong , Wang Yuanyi , Zhou Nan
Published: October 2023

Timeline of the key achievements in developing nerve-labeling fluorescence agents, including neuroanatomical tract tracers, small organic molecules, antibodies, and peptides.
A study of the optical properties of wide bandgap oxides for a transparent photovoltaics platform
Authors: Patel Malkeshkumar , Ghosh Shuvaraj , Park Jeong Eun , Song Jungeun , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim Joondong
Published: October 2023

Transparent photovoltaics (TPVs), a see-through energy production platform that allows visible light to pass while absorbing harmful ultraviolet light, is the backbone of invisible onsite power generation.
Impact of Discourse Type and Elicitation Task on Language Sampling Outcomes
Authors: Spencer Trina D. , Tolentino Trina J. , Foster Matthew E.
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Language sampling is a critical component of language assessments. However, there are many ways to elicit language samples that likely impact the results. The purpose of this study was to examine how different discourse types and elicitation tasks affect various language sampling outcomes.

Method:

A diverse group of K–3 students (
N
= 1,037) contributed eight spoken language samples in four elicitation conditions: (a) expository generation, (b) expository retell, (c) narrative generation, and (d) narrative retell. Samples were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for number of total words, number of different words, mean length of utterance in words (MLUW), and number of clauses per communication unit (i.e., Subordination Index [SI]).

Results:

Narrative retell and expository generation conditions yielded the largest samples with the greatest lexical diversity when compared to narrative generation and expository retell. MLUW was higher in expository conditions, but mean SI was higher in narrative conditions. For both measures of syntax, narrative retell and expository generation yielded the highest mean scores. For each outcome, there were expected increases corresponding to grades; however, the differences faded between second and third grade.

Conclusion:

As a component of language assessments, clinicians' selection of language sampling procedures will impact the sample length, lexical diversity, utterance length, and syntactical complexity of the samples.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24185649
Turbulent dynamo action and its effects on the mixing at the convective boundary of an idealized oxygen-burning shell
Authors: Leidi G. , Andrassy R. , Higl J. , Edelmann P. V. F. , Röpke F. K.
Published: October 2023

Convection is one of the most important mixing processes in stellar interiors. Hydrodynamic mass entrainment can bring fresh fuel from neighboring stable layers into a convection zone, modifying the structure and evolution of the star. Because flows in stellar convection zones are highly turbulent, multidimensional hydrodynamic simulations are fundamental to accurately capture the physics of mixing processes. Under some conditions, strong magnetic fields can be sustained by the action of a turbulent dynamo, adding another layer of complexity and possibly altering the dynamics in the convection zone and at its boundaries. In this study, we used our fully compressible SEVEN-LEAGUE HYDRO code to run detailed and highly resolved three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of turbulent convection, dynamo amplification, and convective boundary mixing in a simplified setup whose stratification is similar to that of an oxygen-burning shell in a star with an initial mass of 25 M⊙. We find that the random stretching of magnetic field lines by fluid motions in the inertial range of the turbulent spectrum (i.e., a small-scale dynamo) naturally amplifies the seed field by several orders of magnitude in a few convective turnover timescales. During the subsequent saturated regime, the magnetic-to-kinetic energy ratio inside the convective shell reaches values as high as 0.33, and the average magnetic field strength is ∼1010 G. Such strong fields efficiently suppress shear instabilities, which feed the turbulent cascade of kinetic energy, on a wide range of spatial scales. The resulting convective flows are characterized by thread-like structures that extend over a large fraction of the convective shell. The reduced flow speeds and the presence of magnetic fields with strengths up to 60% of the equipartition value at the upper convective boundary diminish the rate of mass entrainment from the stable layer by ≈20% as compared to the purely hydrodynamic case.
Oxygen Content: Measured versus Calculated Values in Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Pfaender Beth A. , Motley J. Richard , Bartel Bruce
Published: October 2023

Various formulae and methods have been utilized to arrive at blood oxygen content values, often disregarding effects of p50 shifts due to temperature and other factors on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. This study seeks to compare direct oxygen content measurements utilizing a galvanic fuel cell with traditional methods of blood gas analysis and co-oximetry. Several standard formulae and methods were applied to arrive at oxygen content and consumption which were compared with the values obtained by direct measurement. Several indirect methods appeared to approximate the oxygen content values as directly measured. When applied to oxygen consumption calculations, the data points became widely scattered. Sources of error appear to lie in the application of temperature corrected blood gas data to a 37°C oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.
Simultaneous Aortic Valve Replacement and Splenectomy in the Thrombocytopenic Patient: Case Report
Authors: Schneider Benjamin , Kurusz Mark , Williams Edward H.
Published: October 2023

Splenomegaly associated with secondary hypersplenism is characterized by abnormal splenic function in which formed blood elements are sequestered and destroyed. A 47 year-old male diagnosed as having aortic insufficiency and hypersplenism secondary to bacterial endocarditis underwent a successful aortic valve replacement. Such patients present a higher risk, and patient management during cardiopulmonary bypass is complicated by the associated anemia and thrombocytopenia. Platelet concentrate and whole blood were administered after the splenectomy and just prior to cardiopulmonary bypass. The patient was perfused with a bubble oxygenator primed with two units of packed cells and 5% salt poor albumin in a crystalloid solution. Important parameters to monitor closely are activated clotting times, arterial line pressure, and numbers of circulating platelets. The platelet count prior to splenectomy was 49,000/mm3. The number of platelets increased after the addition of platelet concentrate to 107,000/mm3. Upon completion of the aortic valve replacement, the platelet count fell to 58,000/mm3. This represents a 46% decrease in platelets during cardiopulmonary bypass. Leukocytosis is a typical finding after splenectomy, and the white blood cell count increased from 4,500/mm3 presplenectomy to 16,600/mm3 prior to cardiopulmonary bypass and fell slightly to 13,500/mm3 after surgery.
Activated Clotting Time and Cardiopulmonary Bypass, III. Effect of High Platelet Count on Heparin Management
Authors: Wilds Suzanne L. , Camerlengo Leon J. , Dearing James P.
Published: October 2023

Although standard methods of heparin management have proven adequate in routine cardiopulmonary bypass procedures there are, occasionally, extraordinary cases in which special management is necessary. When a patient's blood is introduced to the extracorporeal circuit the non-endothelial surface precipitates platelet adhesion and aggregation. One of the factors released at this time is Platelet Factor IV which acts to neutralize the anticoagulant effect of the heparinantithrombin III complex. The purpose of this investigation was to relate platelet count to heparin requirement. Patients with thrombocytosis were studied. Heparin was managed as per usual except that additional heparin had to be given either before initiating bypass (after the three mg/kg loading dose failed to safely prolong the activated clotting time) or immediately after initiation of bypass due to a dangerously shortened coagulation time. Based upon the results of this study it is recommended that careful monitoring is necessary in thrombocytotic patients.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass on Patients with Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Authors: Saunders Nina , Spottswood Diana , Webb Watts R.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present briefly the background and physiology of sickle cell states, with special emphasis on sickle cell trait patients who require cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and the importance of the perfusionist’s role in managing these patients during bypass.
A New Formulation of Generalized Gamma: Some Results and Applications
Authors: Peng Cheng
Published: October 2023

We extend the 2-parameter Weibull to the generalized gamma distribution by adding a new partial parameter. The new shape parameter can be used to easily generate generalized gamma distributions with different shapes of the density function, hazard rate, and mean residual lifetimes that are useful in simulating various business processes such as manufacturing processes, and reliability systems. We derived some theoretical results and created visual presentations to show the influence (or effect) of this new shape parameter as well. A new Monte Carlo simulation based on the new parameter was proposed to assess the discrepancy between the generalized gamma and its subfamilies. The power analysis of the proposed test was evaluated via simulation studies. We also present some numerical examples.
Recent Advancements in Typical Friedel–Crafts Alkylation Reactions Focused on Targeting Arene Nucleophiles
Authors: Hazra Chinmoy K. , Singh Sanjay
Published: October 2023

This review delves into recent advances and significant breakthroughs in the field of the catalytic Friedel–Crafts alkylation of targeted arenes or heteroarenes. Though a few earlier literatures are referenced, the main emphasis of this review focuses on the literature mainly published between 2015 and March 2023.

1 Introduction

2 History and Background

3 Alcohols as Alkylating Agents

4 Aldehydes and Ketones as Alkylating Agents

5 Alkyl Fluorides as Alkylating Agents

6 Epoxides as Alkylating Agents

7 Cyclopropanes as Alkylating Agents

8 Conclusion and Outlook
Robustness of pullback and exponential pullback attractors for thermoelastic plate with p-Laplacian
Authors: Aouadi Moncef
Published: October 2023

This paper analyses robustness of pullback and exponential pullback attractors for the non-autonomous thermoelastic plate with p-Laplacian under the Coleman–Gurtin heat theory derived recently by Fatori et al. [J. Diff. Equ. 259, 4831–4862 (2015)]. Moreover, the existence of pullback attractors in the natural space energy with finite dimensionality is proved together with its upper semicontinuity and continuity with respect to the damped parameter α ∈ [0, 1]. Finally, we prove that the related process has a pullback exponential attractor Mexpα and its Hölder continuity on α ∈ [0, 1]. In particular, when the non-autonomous dynamical system degenerates to an autonomous one, the family of robust pullback and exponential pullback attractors become a robust global attractor and a robust exponential attractor, respectively, so the results of the paper deepen and extend those in Fatori et al. [J. Diff. Equ. 259, 4831–4862 (2015)].
Ultrabright source of non-degenerate polarization-entangled photon pairs based on off-the-shelf polarization optics
Authors: Szlachetka Jakub , Joarder Kaushik , Kolenderski Piotr
Published: October 2023

We report a Sagnac-type source based on a MgO:PPLN non-linear crystal pumped with a 532 nm continuous-wave laser, which generates spectrally non-degenerate, polarization-entangled photon pairs of 785 nm signal and 1651 nm idler wavelength, via the type-0 spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) process. We use standard off-the-shelf components; hence, no custom-designed multi-wavelength polarization optics are required. At the same time, long-term phase stability can be achieved due to the geometry of our Sagnac-type design. The source's brightness is 6.17(4)×106 pairs/sec/mW, which is comparable to the brightest state-of-the-art non-degenerate polarization-entangled photon-pair source. The spectral bandwidth of the single photon is approximately 195 GHz (root mean square). The fidelity of the entangled state is measured to be 96.72(1)%, the concurrence is 94.7(2)%, and the Bell-CHSH value S=2.71(6). This source has the potential to be applied in long-distance quantum communication using both free-space and fiber links simultaneously.
Voltage scheme for string-select transistors to improve inhibition characteristics during 1-bit erase in vertical NAND flash
Authors: Park Sung-Ho , Yoo Ho-Nam , Yang Yeongheon , Back Jong-Won , Koo Ryun-Han , Kwon Dongseok , Kim Jae-Joon , Lee Jong-Ho
Published: October 2023

We propose a new voltage scheme for string-select (SS) transistors to improve inhibition characteristics of unselected cells during selective 1-bit erase in vertical NAND flash memory. Different from the reported schemes, we apply different control voltages to each of the three SS transistors of unselected drain select lines and all source select lines to lower the channel potential. The change in the channel potential depending on the voltage of the SS transistors and the resulting gate-induced drain leakage is explained via TCAD simulation. The proposed pulse method can reduce the Vth of the 1-bit cell selected for erase by 168% compared to the reported method while maintaining the same inhibition characteristics.
Detection of 3–300 MHz electric fields using Floquet sideband gaps by “Rabi matching” dressed Rydberg atoms
Authors: Rotunno Andrew P. , Berweger Samuel , Prajapati Nikunjkumar , Simons Matthew T. , Artusio-Glimpse Alexandra B. , Holloway Christopher L. , Jayaseelan Maitreyi , Potvliege R. M. , Adams C. S.
Published: October 2023

Radio frequencies in high-frequency (HF) and very high-frequency (VHF) bands (3–300 MHz) are challenging for Rydberg atom-based detection schemes, as resonant detection requires exciting atoms to extremely high energy states. We demonstrate a method for detecting and measuring radio frequency carriers in these bands via a controlled Autler–Townes line splitting. Using a resonant 18 GHz field, the absorption signal from Townes–Merritt sidebands created by a relatively low-frequency, non-resonant field can be enhanced. Notably, this technique uses a measurement of optical frequency separation of an avoided crossing to determine the amplitude of a non-resonant field. This technique also provides frequency-selective measurements of electric fields in the hundreds of MHz range with resolution of order 10 MHz. To show this, we demonstrate amplitude-modulated signal transduction on a MHz-range carrier. We further demonstrate reception of multiple tones simultaneously, creating a Rydberg “spectrum analyzer.”
Designing a boron nitride polyethylene composite for shielding neutrons
Authors: Vira A. D. , Mone E. M. , Ryan E. A. , Connolly P. T. , Smith K. , Roecker C. D. , Mesick K. E. , Orlando T. M. , Jiang Z. , First P. N.
Published: October 2023

Neutrons are encountered in many different fields, including condensed matter physics, space exploration, nuclear power, and healthcare. Neutrons interacting with a biological target produce secondary charged particles that are damaging to human health. The most effective way to shield neutrons is to slow them to thermal energies and then capture the thermalized neutrons. These factors lead us to consider potential materials solutions for neutron shields that maximize the protection of humans while minimizing the shield mass and adapt well to modern additive manufacturing techniques. Using hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a capture medium and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as a thermalization medium, we aim to design the optimal internal structure of h10BN/HDPE composites by minimizing the effective dose, which is a measure of the estimated radiation damage exposure for a human. Through Monte Carlo simulations in Geant4, we find that the optimal structure reduces the effective dose up to a factor of 72 over aluminum (Al) and up to a factor of 4 over HDPE; this is a significant improvement in shielding effectiveness that could dramatically reduce the radiation exposure of occupational workers.
Instabilities of a dam-break wave of power-law fluids
Authors: Di Cristo C. , Iervolino M. , Vacca A.
Published: October 2023

The paper theoretically investigates the stability properties of the dam-break wave of a fluid with power-law rheology. Assuming the long-wave approximation, a depth-averaged flow model is considered. The linear stability analysis of the wave is carried out to individuate the marginal stability conditions. To this aim, the multiple-scale technique is applied with reference to the kinematic wave solution, which formally limits the validity of the theoretical achievements to relatively long time scales. Both shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids are considered. Similarly to the case with uniform conditions, the analysis indicates that stable conditions can be associated with a marginal value of the Froude number. However, differently from the uniform conditions, the marginal Froude number is shown to be a function not only of the power-law index but also of the streamwise gradient of the base flow velocity and of the disturbance wavelength. The critical Froude number is found to be larger than the corresponding one in uniform conditions. Numerical solutions of the full model confirmed the outcomes of the linear stability analysis for both shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids.