bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Untuk Anak Sekolah Dasar Sebagai Edukasi Pencegahan Dini Covid-19 Di Lingkungan Rt.15 Kompleks Perdana Mandiri Kelurahan Sungai Andai, Banjarmasin Utara
Authors: Apriati Yuli
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 atau Covid-19 merupakan virus jenis baru yang penularannya dapat terjadi antar manusia dengan manusia. Pandemi Covid-19 telah ditetapkan WHO pada tanggal 9 Maret 2020 yang merupakan dorongan terbesar untuk pelaksaaan program pengabdian ini segera dilakukan. Vaksin atau pengobatan resmi belum ditemukan untuk melawan Covid-19 ini, sehingga masyarakat harus bisa melalukan pencegahan dengan memutus rantai penyebaran virus melalui pemahaman dan pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan yang sesuai dengan himbauan pemerintah. Adapun himbauan pemerintah adalah menerapkan pola hidup bersih dengan mencuci tangan pakai sabun atau menggunakan hand sanitizer, menjaga jarak, menggunakan masker jika berada di luar rumah dan tetap diam dirumah. Himbauan pemerintah tersebut berdampak pada langkanya ketersediaan hand sanitizer dan harga jual hand sanitizer juga meningkat, karena di konsumsi secara massal. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tim pengabdian masyarakat melakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa Pelatihan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer untuk anak Sekolah Dasar sebagai edukasi pencegahan dini Covid-19 di lingkungan RT.15 Kompleks Perdana Mandiri, Kelurahan Sungai Andai, Banjarmasin Utara. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan edukasi kepada anak-anak tentang cara membuat hand sanitizer. Metode yang digunakan adalah praktek kerja langsung di tempat berupa pemberian materi tentang Covid-19 dan bimbingan atau pelatihan langsung dalam pembuatan hand sanitizer untuk anak-anak tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Hasil pelatihan menunjukan antusias tinggi dan keaktifan serta keberhasilan semua peserta. Semua anak-anak berhasil dengan baik mempraktekkan pembuatan hand sanitizer dan bahkan membuatkan berlebih untuk diberikan kepada teman-teman yang lainnya.lajaran Sosiologi
Hubungan Antara Pemilik Mesin Pendulangan Emas Dengan Kelompok Pendulang Emas Dalam Penanggulangan Risiko Kerja Di Desa Balai Banjang Kecamatan Pasak Talawang Kabupaten Kuala Kapuas Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Hidayat Yusuf
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini menemukan (1) risiko kerja dalam pendulangan emas terdapat dua risiko , yakni (a) risiko fisik yaitu risiko teknis dalam aktivitas pendulangan. Terdapat empat risiko fisik dalam aktivitas pendulangan, yaitu longsor, terperosok ke dalam lubang galian, tertimpa mesin dan tenggelam di sungai. (b) Risiko sosial adanya penyimpangan sosial dalam aktivitas pendulangan yaitu, minuman keras, obat-obatan terlarang dan kecurangan dalam bekerja. (2) Bentuk mitigasi yang dilakukan pemilik mesin dan kelompok pendulang terhadap 2 risiko, (a) risiko fisik, adanya pencegahan dengan melakukan survei ke lokasi pendulangan untuk melihat titik-titik lubang pendulangan, sedangkan penanggulangannya dilakukan swadaya oleh kelompok pendulangan yang berada di lokasi pendulangan ketika melakukan evakuasi terhadap kelompok pendulang yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja. (b) risiko sosial, adanya pencegahan dengan melakukan pengawasan selama melakukan aktivitas pendulangan, sedangkan penanggulangan dilakukan pemberhentian kerja terhadap anggota kelompok pendulang terlibat konflik dan pencurian.
Dampak Sosial Usaha Budi Daya Sarang Burung Walet di Kelurahan Montallat II
Authors: , Nasrullah, Laila Azkiah Melati Iriyanti Puteri
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini..bertujuan untuk:.(1) Untuk. Mengetahui gambaran usaha budi daya sarang Burung .walet..(2) Untuk mengetahui .dampak sosial usaha budi daya sarang burung walet. Metode yang digunakan yaitu. metode kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian. dipilih secara Purposive, informan berjumlah 10 orang. Teknik .pengumpulan. data menggunakan observasi., wawancara yang lebih. mendalam dn dokumentasi .dilakukan .pada bulan Agustus .2019 hingga .Februari 2020. Teknik .analisis data .yaitu reduksi .data, penyajian. data dan .penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil .penelitian ini. Menunjukkan. bahwa .gambaran usaha .budi daya .sarang walet yang dapat .dilihat dari berbagai .detail atau tahapan .yaitu adanya .sejarah usaha .budi daya sarang. walet, permodalan, .pemilihan lokasi, perijinan, pembuatan bangunan, pemasangan alat, perawatan dan .menunggu masa panen dan terakhir .panen. Serta .perubahan aktivitas .petani menjadi .peternak walet dan .alasan masyarakat. menjadi peternak .walet. Selain itu, adanya .dampak sosial .usaha sarang walet. bagi peternak. walet dan masyarakat. Dampak. tersebut terbagi .menjadi dampak. ekonomi dan dampak .sosial. Berdasarkan .hasil peneltian .ini, dapt disarankan. kepada .peternak walet .untuk mengatasi. berbagai .dampak negatif dari bangunan. Sarang. walet dan kpada pemerintah setempat. untk membuat .aturan mengenai .usaha budi .daya sarang. walet aagar tidak mengangu ketenangan. dan kesehatan masyarakat. sekitar.
Strategi Pemasaran Kelompok Musik Campursari Di Sanggar “Budoyo Manunggal” Kota Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: , Alfisyah, Yuli Apriati Muh. Syahbana
Published: March 2021

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) upaya yang dilakukan sanggar “Budoyo Manunggal” untuk menarik minat yaitu pertama menggunakan media social atau digital marketing. Kedua, dengan cara memenuhi keinginan penonton. Ketiga yaitu membuat kerjasama dengan pemerintah dan paguyuban. (2) Pelayanan yang diberikan sanggar “Budoyo Manunggal” kepada pelanggan terbagi menjadi  dua yaitu customer service dan customer care. Di dalam pelayanan customer service, sanggar “Budoyo Manunggal” lebih memberikan pelayanan seperti kebebasan menentukan dekorasi, penyediaan perlengkapan acara, dan kebebasan memilih alat music atau aliran musik. Sedangkan pelayanan customer care lebih kepada kepedulian sanggar kepada pelanggan seperti mendiskusikan harga dan memberikan saran mengenai acara yang ingin diadakan.
Strategi Toko Extreme Callular 1 Dalam Menarik Minat Pelanggan Di Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Kelurahan Pasar Lama Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah Kota Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: , Yusuf Hidayat, Yuli Apriati Baiti Hasanah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui strategi yang dilakukan pada toko Extreme Callular 1 (2) Mengetahui faktor pendorong dalam pemilihan strategi. Metode yang digunakan  adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data dipilih secara purposive dan. Ada beberapa informan  yaitu Bapak Umar (pimpinan toko) dan  6 orang yang bekerja pada toko Extreme Callular 1. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis hasil penelitian ini menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa : (1) Ada 6 (enam) strategi toko yang dilakukan yaitu produk yang dijual bermacam-macam, harga produk yang murah, berbagai macam promosi yang dibuat, lokasi toko yang strategis, kualitas produk yang terjamin, dan pelayanan yang baik. (2) Faktor pendorong dalam pemilihan strategi yaitu strategi produk yang meliputi permintaan para pelanggan dan agar para pelanggan hanya membeli di toko Extreme Callular serta selalu memperbarui produk dengan yang lebih terbaru, strategi harga yang meliputi agar sering dikunjungi pelanggan dan dapat bersaing dengan toko lainnya, strategi promosi meliputi untuk menarik minat pelanggan dan menghabiskan stok yang masih banyak atau kurang diminati, strategi lokasi yang meliputi agar pelanggan lebih mudah mendatangi toko, strategi kualitas produk yang meliputi agar mendapat kepercayaan pelanggan dan pelanggan merasa terjamin dengan memberikan garansi, dan strategi pelyanan yang meliputi agar pelanggan merasa puas dan keinginan untuk mempertahankan pelanggan.
Security of Spain in Atlantic Format
Authors: Cherkasova E.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the changes that have characterized Spain’s approach to NATO in the post-Cold War era, and more specifically, the approach of different political parties to security and defense issues. If the People's Party is more Atlantic ideologically and traditionally, and therefore, is more in favor of strengthening cooperation with NATO, the socialists are increasingly pro-European and, therefore, advocate the strengthening of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). Spain doesn’t question the necessity of NATO, the presence of American military forces in Europe in general and in Spain in particular as a method of security enhancing. Fears of marginalization caused the accession of Spain to this military organization after its eastward extension. In recent years, Spain’s influence and authority in NATO declined amid the economic crisis. This loss of authority will be overcome as soon as the economic growth is resumed. Notwithstanding that its ambitions in NATO and EU do not meet its possibilities, Spain is participating in different missions and naval exercises of the Alliance, and is constantly modernizing its military forces. Spain has always been indifferent to the hypothetical threat from the East, but is more than apprehensive to the threat coming from the situation in Libya, instability in Tunisia and especially an eventual destabilization in Morocco where Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla are situated. Under the pretext of struggle against international terrorism, Madrid is trying to reestablish its influence in North Africa. Spain favors the transformation of NATO into an effective tool to prevent regional conflicts. The country's national interests will continue to determine its attention to problems of the Mediterranean and North Africa. The economic crisis has contributed to a drop in the objective value of bilateral relations with the United States and of Trans-Atlantic relations as a whole.
Mechanism of the Effect of High-Intensity Training on Urinary Metabolism in Female Water Polo Players Based on UHPLC-MS Non-Targeted Metabolomics Technique
Authors: Wang Leilei , Chen Anping , Li Jianying , Sun Zhuo , Yan Shiliang , Xu Kaiyuan
Published: March 2021

Objective: To study the changes in urine metabolism in female water polo players before and after high-intensity training by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and to explore the biometabolic characteristics of urine after training and competition. Methods: Twelve young female water polo players (except goalkeepers) from Shanxi Province were selected. A 4-week formal training was started after one week of acclimatization according to experimental requirements. Urine samples (5 ml) were collected before formal training, early morning after 4 weeks of training, and immediately after 4 weeks of training matches, and labeled as T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The samples were tested by LC-MS after pre-treatment. XCMS, SIMCA-P 14.1, and SPSS16.0 were used to process the data and identify differential metabolites. Results: On comparing the immediate post-competition period with the pre-training period (T3 vs T1), 24 differential metabolites involved in 16 metabolic pathways were identified, among which niacin and niacinamide metabolism and purine metabolism were potential post-competition urinary metabolic pathways in the untrained state of the athletes. On comparing the immediate post-competition period with the post-training period (T3 vs T2), 10 metabolites involved in 3 metabolic pathways were identified, among which niacin and niacinamide metabolism was a potential target urinary metabolic pathway for the athletes after training. Niacinamide, 1-methylnicotinamide, 2-pyridone, L-Gln, AMP, and Hx were involved in two metabolic pathways before and after the training. Conclusion: Differential changes in urine after water polo games are due changes in the metabolic pathways of niacin and niacinamide.
Possibilities and prospects of surgical treatment of submucosal uterine myoma
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Podzolkova N.M. ,   S.P.Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Korennaya V.V. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Glazkova O.L. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.P.Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov R.E. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.P.Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Osadchev V.B. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   D.D.Pletnev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Babkov K.V. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   D.D.Pletnev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fadeev I.E. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,   M.E.Zhadkevich City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Koloda Yu.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Objective. Analysis of current tendencies in the treatment of patients with submucosal uterine myoma. Results. Submucosal uterine myoma is often an indication for hysterectomy. At the same time, modern surgical methods allow performing organ-sparing interventions quickly and safely, including on an outpatient basis with the use of mini hysteroresectoscope. Accurate topographic diagnosis is an important condition for the successful implementation of organ-sparing treatment for submucosal myoma. When choosing diagnostic instruments, it is necessary to take into account their specificity and availability, which makes hydrosonography and hysteroscopy a priority, especially considering that endoscopic diagnostics can be supplemented by myoma resection, and the use of spectral analysis in image processing makes it possible to more accurately identify associated endometrial pathology. Conclusion. The use of mini-resectoscope (16 Fr) allows achieving a number of significant advantages in comparison with traditional hysteroresectoscopy. The use of spectral analysis in hysteroscopy provides more information about the state of the endometrium and intrauterine formations. Key words: intrauterine shaver, myomectomy, office hysteroresectoscopy, submucosal uterine myoma, spectral analysis
Hypercoagulable disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome: myth or reality?
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Koloda Yu.A. , Podzolkova N.M. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Petrichenko Yu.G. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

A review of studies on the features of the hemostasis system in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the relationship between hypercoagulable disorders and PCOS, including on the background of additional risk factors. The data on the risk of venous thromboembolic complications in patients with PCOS at different age periods against hormonal contraception and in ART programs are presented. The possible role of hypercoagulable disorders in the prevention of pregnancy in patients with PCOS is discussed. The data on the impact of PCOS on total life expectancy and on the main causes of death in case of this disease are also provided. Key words: pregnancy, venous thromboembolism, hypercoagulable disorders, strokes, polycystic ovary syndrome, combined oral contraceptives, assisted reproductive technology programs, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, cardiovascular diseases
THE EFFECT OF LEARNING MEDIA AND MOTIVATION ON THE RESULTS OF LEARNING DRIBBLING PASSING IN FOOTBALL GAMES IN STUDENTS (INDONESIA)
Authors: Abul Sahabul adri ar , Dlis Firmansyah , Humaid Hidayat
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine: 1) the difference in the effect of visual learning media and audio-visual media on the ability to learn football. 2) the difference in influence between high and low motivation levels on learning outcomes of football. 3) the interaction between learning media and students' motivation on football learning outcomes. This study used an experimental method with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The study population consisted of 530 students and the sample used in this study was 44 people with purposive sampling technique, consisting of 22 high motivation students and 22 low motivation students. The results showed; 1) There is an Influence of Learning Media and Motivation on Learning Outcomes of Dribbling Passing in Football Games on Students The Effect Of Learning Media And Motivation On The Results Of Learning Dribbling Passing In Football Games In Students There are differences in influence between the use of visual media, evident from f count (4.915) smaller F table (4.085). 2) there is a difference in the effect of high motivation and low motivation on learning outcomes football. Evidenced by F count (141.360) smaller  from F table (4.085) and (3) There is an interaction between learning media and student learning motivation on learning outcomes, as evidenced by the F count (6,433)  smaller F tabel (4.085).
Empirical analysis of effects of dike systems on channel morphology and flowlines
Authors: Mayne Casey , May David , Biedenharn David
Published: March 2021

A phased study of the dike fields within the Vicksburg and Memphis Districts of the US Army Corps of Engineers was conducted to document the channel morphology trends since dike construction on the Lower Mississippi River (LMR). This included the development of the hydrographic survey database and methodology utilized to identify changes in channel geometry in response to dike construction. A subsequent report will provide further refinements to the approach and results of the comprehensive assessment. Recent Mississippi River Geomorphology and Potamology program efforts have employed the database developed by Mr. Steve Cobb to assess the geomorphic changes in 21 dike systems along the LMR. Previous studies using this database have indicated that the dike fields have not caused a loss of channel capacity. Furthermore, these efforts suggested that the trends in the dike fields are closely related to the long-term geomorphic trends along the LMR. Previous efforts using the Cobb database provided considerable insight into the dike effects on the LMR, but they were limited spatially and temporally. In this study, a database and protocols were developed to allow for a more robust assessment of dike field impacts and to extend the spatial and temporal extents of the analysis.
Finger Movement Discrimination in Focal Hand Dystonia: Case Study of a Cellist
Authors: Ackermann Bronwen J , Adams Roger
Published: March 2021

Focal hand dystonia in musicians has received increasing attention in recent years due to the debilitating and career-threatening nature of this condition. In cellists, focal hand dystonia is reported only infrequently in the existing literature, as compared to the rate in other instrumentalists,
such as pianists and violinists. Although relatively less common, it has similarly devastating effects for those with this disorder. In the pilot study presented here, a 47-year-old male professional cellist experiencing left focal hand dystonia underwent pretests and posttests when he attended
a 10-day period of intensive sensorimotor retraining. To monitor the effects of treatment, a pseudo-cello was designed that used the principles of psychophysical methodology to test active finger movement discrimination. This test was designed to evaluate whether this cellist could perceive
the relative position of his left fingers in as task-specific a manner as possible. The pseudo-cello results showed a reduced ability to discriminate the height and tension of a string in the fingers most affected by the dystonia. Following the 10-day period of intensive physiotherapy, discrimination
of finger movements had improved in the fingers that had been worked on with the rehabilitation program, and this corresponded with an improvement in the dystonia rating scale. The positive results obtained here suggest that this form of testing in focal hand dystonia warrants further research.
Interview with Yo Yo Ma (parts I and II)
Authors: Brandfonbrener Alice G
Published: March 2021

In celebration of MPPA's 20 years of publication, we are looking back at some of the notable articles that appeared in the early issues. [published originally in volume 1, no. 3, Sep 1986, and in volume 3, no. 3, Sep 1988.]
A Profile of Percussionists' Behaviors and Attitudes Toward Hearing Conservation
Authors: Curk Ann E , Cunningham David R
Published: March 2021

The present study was undertaken to investigate the behaviors and attitudes of percussionists regarding hearing conservation. Little is known about the frequency with which percussionists use hearing protection, the reasons for non-use, and their general knowledge about music-induced
hearing loss. Using a written survey or personal interview, we surveyed approximately 500 amateur and professional percussionists who attended two local percussionists' conventions, which produced 283 completed surveys. This article describes the frequency of hearing protection device (HPD)
use, reasons for non-use, types of HPD used, the advantages and disadvantages of wearing HPDs from the percussionists' point of view, sources where percussionists obtained information regarding HPDs, time of their most recent purchase, and accuracy of percussionists' knowledge of music-induced
hearing loss and HPDs.
Interosseous Muscle Pain in the Pianist's Hand: A Description of 27 Cases of Musician's Hand
Authors: Sakai Naotaka
Published: March 2021

Among 703 professional pianists with medical problems in their hands seen by the author between 1981 and 2000, there were 27 patients who had interosseous muscle pain (23 women, 4 men; mean age, 30 yrs). The main symptom was dorsal hand pain during piano performance, especially when
striking the keys with each finger rounded, mainly in the scale technique. Tenderness was noted in the deep part of the dorsal hand in the interosseous muscles, but not along or around the finger extensors. Patients sometimes complained of muscle weakness on abduction of the index, ring, and/or
little fingers when performing octaves or chords on the piano keyboard. Resisted abduction and adduction testing of the fingers reproduced the pain which they experienced during or after performance. Pain occurred in the right hand in 10, left hand in 5, and bilaterally in 12. The pain was
localized in the 4th and 5th interossei in 15 patients, in the 3rd and 4th in 14 patients; in the 2nd and 3rd in 11 patients; and in the 1st and 2nd in 1 patient.
Prevalence of Playing-related Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Disorders in Children Learning Instrumental Music
Authors: Ranelli Sonia , Straker Leon , Smith Anne
Published: March 2021

Musculoskeletal problems related to playing musical instruments have long been identified with adults, but little is known about their development during childhood. What evidence does exist has not adequately considered risk factors, in particular the effects of gender and age. A cross-sectional
questionnaire study gathered data from 731 children enrolled in the instrumental music programs of government primary and secondary schools in Perth, Western Australia. This study, the first in a series investigating risk factors, established the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal
problems, both symptoms (PRMS) and disorders (PRMD), and the association with gender and age. In this group, 67% of children reported ever experiencing PRMS, with 56% reporting symptoms at least monthly. Females were more likely (odds ratio [OR] 1.5, p = 0.03) to experience symptoms
and older children were more likely to have ever experienced symptoms (p < 0.001). Thirty percent reported the experience of a PRMD, being unable to play their instrument as usual. Females (OR 1.5, p = 0.035) and older children (p = 0.001) again were more likely to
report the experience of a disorder. For children having reported the experience of a PRMS within the last month, 5% took medication to relieve the problem and 4% visited a health professional to seek advice for the problem.
Subjective Health Complaints, Stress, and Coping in Orchestra Musicians
Authors: Halleland Helene Barone , Harris Anette , Sørnes Silje , Murison Robert , Ursin Holger
Published: March 2021

The job of an orchestra musician is characterized by high demands and low control, which is a combination known to predispose to ill health. Research also indicates that musicians have high levels of subjective health complaints, complaints with limited or no objective findings. The
aim of this study was to examine the relationship between subjective health complaints, stress, and coping in musicians. Thirty-five musicians in the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra filled in questionnaires about work, subjective health complaints, and coping. Saliva samples were collected to
measure cortisol levels. The levels of subjective health complaints compared well with normative data from a representative sample of Norwegians, except for an unusually high level of “pseudoneurological” complaints (fatigue, mood changes). High levels of cortisol were positively
related to the total number of subjective health complaints, gastrointestinal complaints, and “pseudoneurology” but not to musculoskeletal complaints. A high level of “emotion-focused coping” was associated with higher cortisol levels. Samples obtained during a concert
showed a moderate but significant rise in cortisol levels.
Sound Exposure Levels Experienced by University Wind Band Members
Authors: Walter Jennifer Stewart
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was 1) to examine the sound exposure of wind band members in a university setting during a week of typical rehearsals and 2) to assess whether that exposure changes depending on subjects' location within the rehearsal space. Because excessive sound exposure
has a cumulative effect on the ear that can eventually lead to noise-induced hearing loss, it is important to determine whether university musicians are at risk. A 100% dose of sound is the maximum daily exposure recommended by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
for preventing noise-induced hearing loss. Twenty-four of 46 subjects (52%) experienced one or more rehearsals with sound levels high enough to produce >100% doses, and 17 subjects experienced a mean daily dose of sound in excess of 100% as compared to the NIOSH standards. Implications
and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Analysis of Two Group Comparisons: A Practical Guide
Authors: Lee Ji-Hyun , Miladinovic Branko , Schell Michael J
Published: March 2021

In health science research, comparing two groups on a continuous outcome variable is one of the most common statistical analyses performed. One must choose between two families of tests: parametric and nonparametric. Parametric methods depend upon more stringent assumptions, and violating
these assumptions can result in incorrect conclusions. The dominant two-sample approach appearing in Medical Problems of Performing Artists seems to be the Student t-test, which is a parametric test. Despite being the standard choice, this test is not always appropriate. Common
textbook prescriptions regarding its use are often misleading and defective in some respects. This article revisits the basic and methodologically important problems in comparing two groups and seeks to provide a practical guide to researchers.
Viral Hepatitis Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma on the African Continent, The Past, Present, and Future: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Dakurah Ottovon Bismark , Tamandjou Cynthia Raissa Tchuem , Zunza Moleen , Preiser Wolfgang , Maponga Tongai Gibson
Published: March 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Africa. In Africa, the major causes of HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Knowledge of the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC over time and the factors responsible for such changes is key in informing policies for the prevention of viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa. Aim: The study aimed to systematically summarize the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa over a four-decade period (1980-2020).Methods: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and African wide web for articles published on viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa from 1980-2020. The abstracts of the articles were screened for eligibility and those meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed.Results: A total of 272 studies were included in the analysis. Viral hepatitis-related HCC incidence changed by 1.17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63 – 1.71, p < 0.001), 0.82% (95% CI: 0.45 – 1.18, p < 0.001), and 3.34% (95% CI: 2.44 – 4.25, p < 0.001) for every 1% change in the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) respectively, per decade. The incidence of HBV-related HCC changed significantly by -0.50% (95% CI: -0.74 – -0.25, p < 0.001) over the last 40 years, while HCV-related HCC increased.Conclusion: Overall, the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC has not declined, mainly due to no decline in the prevalence of HCV, HDV, and the high number of chronic hepatitis B carriers on the African continent. There is an urgent need for the allocation of resources for the implementation of treatment and preventive programs for HBV, HCV, HDV, and HCC in Africa.This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO®, number CRD42020169723.
Structural, Dielectric and Magnetic properties of Yttrium doped Hematite Nanoparticle
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Ahlawat Dharamvir Singh , Singh Amrik , Kumar Arun , Singh Ompal
Published: March 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The influence of Conditioned Stimuli on [11C]-(+)-PHNO PET Binding in Tobacco Smokers after a One Week Abstinence
Authors: Ciano Patricia Di , Wit Harriet de , Mansouri Esmaeil , Houle Sylvain , Boileau Isabelle , Foll Bernard Le
Published: March 2021

Stimuli previously paired with drugs of dependence can produce cravings that are associated with increased dopamine (DA) levels in limbic and striatal brain areas. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging with [11C]-(+)-PHNO allows for a sensitive measurement of changes in DA levels. The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in DA levels, measured with PET imaging with [11C]-(+)-PHNO, in regions of interest in smokers who had maintained abstinence for 7-10 days. Participants (N=10) underwent two PET scans on separate days, during which they viewed either smoking-related or neutral images, in counterbalanced order. Craving was measured with the 12-item Tobacco Craving Questionnaire (TCQ) and the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-B). Compared to neutral cues, smoking cues did not increase craving. There were no changes in [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the cue condition compared to the neutral condition for most regions of interest (ventral pallidum, globus pallidus, limbic striatum, associative striatum, sensorimotor striatum). However, binding potential in the substantia nigra was greater in the smoking-cue condition, indicating decreased synaptic dopamine. There is a potential change of DA level occurring in midbrain following the presentation of smoking-related cues.
Continuum of Maternity Care in Zambia: a National Representative Survey
Authors: Sserwanja Quraish , Musaba Milton W. , Mutisya Linet M. , Olal Emmanuel , Mukunya David
Published: March 2021

BackgroundGlobally, over half of maternal deaths are related to pregnancy-related complications. Provision of a continuum of care during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period results in reduced maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Hence this study determined the prevalence of the continuum of care and its determinants among women in Zambia.MethodsWe used weighted data from the Zambian Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) of 2018 for 7325 women aged 15 to 49 years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to explore continuum of care in Zambia. All our analyses were done using SPSS version 25. ResultsOf the 7,325 women, 38.0% (2787/7325) (95% CI: 36.9-39.1) had complete continuum of maternal healthcare (four and more antenatal care contacts, childbirth at a health facility and postnatal care). Women who had attained tertiary level of education (AOR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.01-3.35) and whose partners had also attained tertiary level of education (AOR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.52-4.27) were more likely to utilize the whole continuum of care compared to those who had no education. Women who initiated antenatal care (ANC) after the first trimester (AOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.39-0.53) were less likely to utilize the whole continuum of care compared to those who initiated in the first semester. Women with exposure to radio (AOR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.28-1.96) were more likely to utilize the whole continuum of care compared to those who were not exposed to radio. Women residing in the Western province were less likely to utilize the entire continuum of care compared to those in the other nine provinces.ConclusionLevel of education of the women and of their partners, early timing of ANC initiation, residing in other provinces other than the Western province, and exposure to information through radio were positively associated with utilization of the entire continuum of care. Improving literacy levels and promoting maternity services through radio may improve the level of utilization of maternity services.
Genetic architecture of male fertility restoration in a hybrid breeding system of rye (Secale cereale L.)
Authors: Vendelbo Nikolaj , Mahmood Khalid , Sarup Pernille , Kristensen Peter , Orabi Jihad , Jahoor Ahmed
Published: March 2021

The ‘Gülzow’ (G) type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in hybrid rye (Secale cereale L.) breeding exhibits a strong and environmentally stable restoration of male fertility (Rf). While having received little scientific attention, three G-type Rf genes had been identified on 4RL (Rfg1) and two minor genes on 3R (Rfg2) and 6R (Rfg3) chromosome. Here, we report a comprehensive investigation of the genetics underlying restoration of male fertility in a large G-type CMS breeding system using a palette of complementing forward and reverse genetic analysis. This includes (i) genome wide association studies (GWAS) on a G-type germplasm, (ii) GWAS on a biparental mapping population, (iii) in silico identification of Rf-like pentatricopeptide repeat (RFL-PPR) genes and their expressed in G-type rye hybrids, and (iv) mining patterns in linkage disequilibrium. Our findings provide compelling evidence of a novel major G-type non-PPR Rf gene on the 3RL chromosome. In the in silico analysis, we identified 22 RFL-PPR of which 15 were expressed in the transcriptome of G-type hybrids. Our findings provides a novel insight into the underlying genetics of male fertility restoration in a G-type CMS system in rye. The discovery made in this study is distinct to known P- and C-type systems in rye in addition to known CMS systems in barley and wheat. This study constitutes a steppingstone towards understanding the restoration of male fertility in G-type CMS system and a potential resources for addressing the inherent issues of the P-type system.
Length-weight relationships of three freshwater eel species from the floodplain ecosystems of northeastern Bangladesh
Authors: Shefat Shoaibe Hossain Talukder
Published: March 2021

This study reports the Length-weight relationships (LWRs) of three freshwater eel species from the northeastern wetlands of Bangladesh. A total of 2684 specimens of Mastacembelus armatus, Macrognathus aculeatus and Macrongathus pancalus were sampled between in the months of June and December 2019 using different nets and eel traps at every 4 days working schedule per month. The calculated a values of the LWRs ranged from 0.008 to 0.020; b values ranged from 2.35 to 2.70, and r2 from 0.907 to 0.944. The lowest values of regression coefficient found for M. aculeatus and the highest for M. pancalus. All the regression parameters for LWRs found highly significant (p ˂ 0.001). These results will provide baseline information for sustainable management and conservation of the fisheries resources in the northeastern floodplain region of Bangladesh.
Nonlinear dynamic processes control system for a DC converter of the first kind
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Andriyanov A. I.
Published: March 2021

In the paper a composite nonlinear dynamic processes control system for DC switching converters of the first kind is being considered. The proposed control system is based on two methods: time-delayed feedback method and target-oriented control. The advantage of the composite control system is the absence of the weak points specific to the two mentioned methods utilized on a standalone basis, such as possibility of occurrence of multistability domains, which is characteristic of time-delayed feedback method, and addition of static error when using the target-oriented control. The mathematical simulation of a closed-loop composite automatic control system for manipulating nonlinear dynamic processes has been implemented. The simulation results have proved the efficiency of the control system under consideration. The proposed solution can be realized with the use of a great variety of existing microcontrollers.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ И СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ БОЛЬНЫХ С ТРОМБОЗОМ И ЭМБОЛИЕЙ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКИХ АРТЕРИЙ
Authors:   Курский государственный медицинский университет, Лалаев Эльмин Эльман оглы
Published: March 2021

This article compares the results of surgical intervention for thrombosis and embolism of peripheral arteries. The data are presented on the basis of objective criteria using the Rutherford scale to assess the immediate results of endovascular operations and parameters of the quality of life of patients as a result of a survey conducted using the MOS SF-36 system. The conclusions obtained in the course of the study indicate that acute occlusion that occurs in chronic arterial insufficiency as a result of damage to the arterial bed can be reliably and radically eliminated only by reconstructive surgery. Moreover, the nature of the operation and its volume are determined on the basis of special research methods.
Pollutants removal, greenhouse gases emission and functional genes in wastewater ecological soil infiltration systems: influences of influent surface organic loading and aeration mode
Authors: Chen Jingna , Jiang Zefang , Chen Yue , Qiu Yu , Tao Tingting , Du Xiaoli , Pan Jing
Published: March 2021

The influences of influent surface organic loading rate (SOLR) and aeration mode on matrix oxygen, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus removal, greenhouse gases emission and functional gene abundances in lab-scale wastewater ecological soil infiltration systems (WESISs) were investigated. In WESISs, intermittent or continuous aeration improved oxygen supply at 50 cm depth and hardly changed anaerobic condition below 80 cm depth, which enhanced chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN) removal, the abundances of bacterial 16S rRNA, amoA, nxrA, narG, napA, nirK, nirS, qnorB, nosZ genes and reduced CH4, N2O conversion efficiencies with SOLR of 16.9 and 27.6 g BOD/(m2 d) compared with non-aeration. Increased SOLR resulted in high TN removal, low N2O emission in aeration WESIS, which was different from non-aeration WESIS. High average COD removal efficiency of 90.7%, NH4+-N removal efficiency of 87.0%, TN removal efficiency of 84.6%, total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency of 93.1% and low average N2O emission rate of 12.8 mg/(m2 d) were achieved with SOLR of 16.9 g BOD/(m2 d) in intermittent aeration WESIS. However, continuous aeration WESIS obtained high average removal efficiencies of 90.1% for COD, 87.5% for NH4+-N, 84.1% for TN, 92.9% for TP and low average emission rate of 13.1 mg/(m2 d) for N2O with SOLR of 27.6 g BOD/(m2 d). Aeration could be an optional strategy for WESISs to achieve high pollutants removal and low CH4, N2O emission when treating wastewater with high SOLR.
The Shifting of Information Consumption on Social Messaging Application
Authors:   Communication Department, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Brawijaya University, Adila Isma , Nasyaya Mumtaz
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pola konsumsi informasi yang terjadi dalam aplikasi LINE. Pola konsumsi ditunjukkan melalui beberapa kategori. Perkembangan teknologi dan persaingan pasar mendorong LINE untuk melakukan berbagai perkembangan agar mampu bertahan dalam persaingan pasar media digital. Fungsi LINE bergeser dari sekedar pesan instan menjadi aplikasi dengan banyak fungsi. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh melalui FGD, pengguna menganggap LINE mampu memberikan beberapa informasi menjadi alasan utama mereka memilih menggunakan LINE. Selain itu, personalisasi dan fitur unik juga mendasari penggunaan LINE. Selanjutnya, aplikasi LINE terus memperbarui fitur-fiturnya. Perkembangan fitur LINE memengaruhi perubahan perilaku pengguna dan pola konsumsi informasi.
Electronic Health Record Use in Swiss Nursing Homes and Its Association With Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care Documentation: Multicenter Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Ausserhofer Dietmar , Favez Lauriane , Simon Michael , Zúñiga Franziska
Published: March 2021

Background

Nursing homes (NHs) are increasingly implementing electronic health records (EHRs); however, little information is available on EHR use in NH settings. It remains unclear how care workers perceive its safety, quality, and efficiency, and whether EHR use might ease the burden of documentation, thereby reducing its implicit rationing.

Objective

This study aims to describe nurses’ perceptions regarding the usefulness of the EHR system and whether sufficient numbers of computers are available in Swiss NHs, and to explore the system’s association with implicit rationing of nursing care documentation.

Methods

This was a multicenter cross-sectional study using survey data from the Swiss Nursing Homes Human Resources Project 2018. It includes a convenience sample of 107 NHs, 302 care units, and 1975 care workers (ie, registered nurses and licensed practical nurses) from Switzerland’s German- and French-speaking regions. Care workers completed questionnaires assessing the level of implicit rationing of nursing care documentation, their perceptions of the EHR system’s usefulness and of how sufficient the number of available computers was, staffing and resource adequacy, leadership ability, and teamwork and safety climate. For analysis, we applied generalized linear mixed models, including individual-level nurse survey data and data on unit and facility characteristics.

Results

Overall, the care workers perceived the EHR systems as useful; ratings ranged from 69.42% (1362/1962; guarantees safe care and treatment) to 78.32% (1535/1960; allows quick access to relevant information on the residents). However, less than half (914/1961, 46.61%) of the care workers reported sufficient computers on their unit to allow timely documentation. Half of the care workers responded that they sometimes or often had to ration the documentation of care. After adjusting for work environment factors and safety and teamwork climate, both higher care worker ratings of the EHR system’s usefulness (β=−.12; 95% CI −0.17 to −0.06) and sufficient numbers of computers (β=−.09; 95% CI −0.12 to −0.06) were consistently associated with lower implicit rationing of nursing care documentation.

Conclusions

Both the usefulness of the EHR system and the number of computers available were important explanatory factors for care workers leaving care activities (eg, developing or updating nursing care plans) unfinished. NH managers should carefully select and implement their information technology infrastructure with greater involvement and attention to the needs of their care workers and residents. Further research is needed to develop and implement user-friendly information technology infrastructure in NHs and to evaluate their impact on care processes as well as resident and care worker outcomes.
Desigualdades territoriales de las ciudades multiculturales. El caso del estado de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Moreno Avendaño Julita , Miguel Velasco Andrés Enrique , Pérez Pérez Maribel , Martínez Olivera Christian , Martínez García Karina Aidee
Published: March 2021

A partir del Índice de Rezago Social y el Índice de Gini se analizan las desigualdades intraurbanas en las principales ciudades del estado de Oaxaca durante 1990-2010. Los resultados muestran que al medir la desigualdad, los factores más visibles son la calidad de la vivienda, el nivel educativo y, en menor medida,la cantidad de población originaria, los cuales revelan dinámicas diferentes en las ciudades con una tendencia a acrecentar la desigualdad. Se concluye que el proceso de desarrollo vigente en las ciudades estudiadas no se ha resuelto y que incrementa la desigualdad en las ciudades que poseen una menor población originaria.
Una Aproximación regional al alfabetismo financiero en México
Authors: García Mata Osvaldo
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los determinantes del alfabetismo financiero en México con un enfoque regional. Su originalidad reside en enfatizar las diferencias regionales en actitud, comportamiento y conocimiento financieros. Utiliza modelos logit ordenados construidos con datos de la EncuestaNacional de Inclusión Financiera 2018. Se confirma que la educación es esencial para el alfabetismo financiero; sin embargo, otros factores tienen diferentes efectos en cada región. Entre sus limitaciones está la falta de datos para analizar longitudinalmente cómo los cambios en el entorno afectan al alfabetismo financiero. Sus hallazgos pueden aprovecharse para focalizar la política de inclusión financiera.
La apropiación y el uso del espacio público urbano. Los comunes en el parque urbano
Authors: Guadarrama Sánchez Gloria Jovita , Pichardo Martínez Pamela Monserrat
Published: March 2021

Los espacios públicos en las ciudades son importantes en el bienestar y en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes por lo que son percibidos como bienes sociales por las personas que los comparten y utilizan. En este texto se argumenta que son bienes de propiedad colectiva y construcciones sociales en constante reconfiguración y que el uso que se hace de ellos tiene efectos sociales. El examen se realiza en el marco de la teoría de los bienes comunes, con un enfoque cualitativo, aplicado al caso del Parque Simón Bolívar de la ciudad de Toluca, México; a efecto de mostrar las formas de la apropiación en el tiempo y el conjunto de acuerdos para su gestión y gobernanza. El análisis abona a la comprensión de la complejidad del espacio público, de los bienes que se generan y/o intercambian y de las relaciones que se establecen entre los actores que lo comparten.
Hurst Exponent and Tsallis Entropy Markers for Epileptic Detection from Children
Authors: Jaafer Sumai Hamad
Published: March 2021

The aim of the present study was to distinguish between healthy children and those with epilepsy by electroencephalography (EEG). Two biomarkers including Hurst exponents (H) and Tsallis entropy (TE) were used to investigate the background activity of EEG of 10 healthy children and 10 with epilepsy. EEG artifacts were removed using Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter. As it hypothesize, there was a significant changes in irregularity and complexity in epileptic EEG in comparison with healthy control subjects using t-test (p< 0.05). The increasing in complexity changes were observed in H and TE results of epileptic subjects make them suggested EEG biomarker associated with epilepsy and a reliable tool for detection and identification of this disease in children. Generally, this study aims to provide an evident of a reliable biomarker to detect epilepsy in children to give them an additional chance to live a high quality life.