bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Sustainability: Worldview, Philosophy and Teachings
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Ismail Abdul Ghafar , Mohd Shafiai Muhammad Hakimi
Published: July 2021

Economic choices influenced by animalistic instincts in an ethically neutral framework have not only resulted in huge disparities in distribution of income, wealth and standards of living, but, as we now realise, they have also resulted in an unprecedented loss to ecology and environment with catastrophic consequences for future generations. More than ever, economics as a discipline of knowledge needs an ethical base in order to rekindle a spiritual rationality that can enable us to take into account equity considerations more explicitly in economic choices, both at the individual and at the societal level. This paper explains how Islamic economics can help in bridging the gap. The paper explains the teachings of Islam on different environmental issues and shows how the Islamic worldview can help to encourage and reinforce environmentally friendly behaviour and choices.
Salafism, Wahhabism and Radical Islam
Authors: Kamali Mohammad Hashim
Published: July 2021

Although the term ‘Salafism’ has sometimes been applied to certain nineteenth to twentieth-century Islamic modernist thinkers, including the Egyptian Grand Mufti Mohammad ‘Abduh (d.1905) and Rashid Rida (d.1935), Salafism actually takes its origins from Ibn Taymiyyah’s (d.728/1328) essentially deconstructionist stance towards Islam’s scholastic legacy. In essence, Ibn Taymiyyah maintained that any position or ruling issued by a madhhab should be considered circumspect and unacceptable if not directly supported by a hadith text. On this basis, he denounced a number of common religious practices as ‘pernicious innovations’ (bid’ah) because they could not be traced to the hadith. Instead, he called for a return to what he believed to be the norms of the first two or three generations of Muslims - that is, to the norms of the al-salaf al-salih (‘righteous forebears’), hence the word ‘Salafi’. Ibn Taymiyyah believed that every apparent conflict between the Qur’an and Sunnah had been resolved either in the hadith or by a statement from the Salaf, effectively making the Qur’an completely subject to them.
Islamic Liberation Theology: Qur'anic Hermeneutics for the Challenges of the Modern Age
Authors: Abdul Rehman Kaloi
Published: July 2021

This paper is both an overview of liberation theology as developed in modern Christian theology in the West and an explanation of Islamic liberation theology from a socio-economic and theological perspective, excerpted from the Qur’an and its hermeneutics. Islam has, since its inception, through the injunctions of the Qur’an and the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad, liberated human beings from all sorts of sufferings and revived their dignity from social scourges. Islam, by its initial teachings, denounced ignorance and socio-economic injustice and then promoted knowledge, wisdom, justice, equality, respect, and fairness. All such teachings regarding liberation from all sorts of socio-economic sufferings and oppressions are clearly mentioned and their solution described in the Qur’an and in the traditions of the Prophet Muhammad. Classical Islamic theology in only its metaphysical form has been criticised by progressive Muslims because it does not imply human liberation in worldly life. This paper also discusses liberation theology in Islam through its sociological, ontological, epistemological and axiological perspectives and as many have also been propagated with respect to Islamisation. It also addresses the modern issues and challenges of cultural globalisation or the Westernisation of science in view of new dialectical theology (kalam e jadid) and proposes de-Westernisation of academic culture as an integral part of Muslim’s liberation in modern age.
Resurgent Tides of Nationalism
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad
Published: July 2021

In recent months, the rise of nationalism has been associated with the return  of xenophobia, anti-immigration sentiments, populism and far-right, neo-fascist conservatism. In consequence, nationalism has been much maligned and made the scapegoat for Brexit, the rise of Donald Trump, ‘Putinism’ and China’s intransigence on issues like Taiwan. Putin’s expansion towards the East, for example, has been construed in certain media circles as a revival of Eurasianism, a policy advocated by Russian thinkers from Prince Nikolay Trubetskoy and Lev Gumilev to Alexander Dugin. Certainly, Putin’s 2012 allusion to Gumilev’s passionarnost (the Russian equivalent of Ibn Khaldun’s ’asabiyya) was taken to hint at a revival of Eurasianism.
Solar Energy Can Improve Wellbeing
Authors: Abdullah Shahino Mah
Published: July 2021

Currently, the world is facing environmental problems. Various human activities, including rapid development, have intensified our contribution to environmental degradation. Although development is necessary, our excessive reliance on conventional resources for development has contributed immensely to environmental damage. For example, our preference for fossil resources has been exacerbated by poor waste management systems. As the world develops, energy becomes precious for the world’s technological advancement. And as technology advances, the well-being of our environment is paramount. This concern has a solution: a paradigm shift from conventional energy resources to renewable energies, such as wind power, hydropower, biomass, biofuel, geothermal technology and, as we will focus on here, solar power.
Osman Bakar - Qur'anic Picture of the Universe: The Scriptural Foundation of Islamic Cosmology
Authors: Mrahorovic Senad
Published: July 2021

Since the publication of Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s pioneering work on traditional Islamic cosmology, entitled An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines (1964), there has not been a major contribution in English on the same subject and from the same point of view until this latest book by Osman Bakar, entitled Qur’anic Pictures of the Universe: The Scriptural Foundation of Islamic Cosmology. As a leading authority on the philosophy of science, Dr Bakar has already written a great deal on Islamic cosmology, but never in such an extensive and meticulous study as this.
Waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 20th and 21st Century
Authors: Omercic Jasmin
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the socio-economic role of waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 20th century to date. Bosnia and Herzegovina waqf endured through various political fortunes and improved the social and economic circumstances of Muslims. A contemporary challenge is to reconstruct this waqf. A new development is the emergence of Islamic Economics. Since 1995, the Waqf Directorate of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina (WD-ICBIH), the main authority over waqf, initiated reforms to revive the socio-economic role of waqf and integrate it into Bosnia and Herzegovina development. The study identifies the challenges facing the Waqf Directorate and the development of Islamic Economics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The emergence of Islamic Economics and Islamic Banking and Finance, in cooperation with the Bosnia Bank International, presents opportunities to the Waqf Directorate to achieve its vision and mission. Some avenues for waqf integration into Bosnia and Herzegovina development qualify as commendable efforts of reform, indicate a feasible future for the Waqf Directorate, and gradually address various challenges. The paper concludes with actionable policy recommendations.
Reducing Polarisation in the World
Authors: Abdullah Abdul Karim
Published: July 2021

There are wars happening in Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Yemen. A million Muslims have died in Afghanistan. Another million Muslims are reported to have died in Iraq. More people are dying and being displaced in Syria, and Yemen. After the demise of the caliphate in 1924, it appears that polarisation between Muslims and non-Muslims is getting worse. The clash of civilisations is fast becoming a grim reality. Even the polarisation between Muslims is not decreasing. The Quran states Invite (all) to the Way of thy Lord with wisdom and beautiful preaching; and argue with them in ways that are best and most gracious: for thy Lord knoweth best, who have strayed from His Path, and who receive guidance. (16:125)
Kamali, Mohammad, Hashim: The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam - The Qur'anic Principle of Wasatiyyah
Authors: Buaben Jabal M.
Published: July 2021

This work comes from the pen of a mature, seasoned and prolific writer of contemporary Islamic Thought and Practice. With a core specialization in Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, Professor Hashim Kamali always exudes wisdom hat capable of stimulating the mind. In our contemporary era of chaos, where Islamic Religious Thought has been held to ransom by individuals and groups, both State and Non-State actors parading themselves as the spokespersons for the faith community, this book is opportune. It is a welcome relief to explore one of the core principles of Islamic Thought, one that is often only paid lip service. In the blurb on the back cover, many eminent scholars from around the globe voice their appreciation of the excellent critical scholarship Kamali always brings to bear on his writings.
Ibn Sahnun’s Ninth Century Framework: A Guide for Arabic Language Curriculum Writing
Authors: Admin Nadia Selim
Published: July 2021

Building Arabic curricula for non-Arabic learners is problematic due to the specificity of the Arabic language. This problem is exacerbated by the existence of a subclass of Arabic learners who do not truly fit into any of the normative classifications of language learners. Non-Arab learners are unable to cope with curricula designed for Arab-background heritage learners. Consequently, teachers of Muslim children in Islamic schools in English-speaking contexts are designing Arabic curricula without adequate training or support. It has, therefore, become a necessity to develop a curriculum framework that responds to the needs of Muslim learners of Arabic in Western Islamic settings. As Islamic civilisation presented a body of robust educational thought and led to one of the earliest Arabic literacy campaigns, it is imperative that Arabic curriculum writers look to it for guidance. Therefore, this paper considers one of the earliest iterations of an Arabic curriculum presented in Kitab Adab al-Mu’allimin (The Book of Teachers Ethics) by Ibn Sahnun (817 870 CE).
The Drawbacks of Judicial Pluralism in the Administration of Justice
Authors: Ramli Ilham
Published: July 2021

Legal pluralism in Malaysia has been traditionally a colonial legacy. Legal pluralism not only posits the existence of multiple legal spheres in the same social field but develops certain suppositions concerning the relationships and interaction between them. One area in which there is apparently interesting interaction is in the administration of justice. Whilst legal pluralism may be celebrated because it moves away from the pre-occupation with legal centralism, society cannot afford to have a justice system that is in disarray. This is indeed the case in Malaysia where a common law tradition and civil justice system seem to be at odds with the strong element of religion in the constitution. For more than 50 years, the Malaysian legal system has had to grapple with the ongoing and seemingly endless conflict of judicial authority between the civil and Syariah courts. Syariah courts in Malaysia are exclusively empowered to hear and dispose of cases among Muslims on subject matters enumerated in the first item of List II of the Ninth Schedule of the Federal Constitution.
Leveraging Blockchain Technology for Halal Supply Chains
Authors: Tieman Marco , Darun Mohd Ridzuan
Published: July 2021

Halal supply chains are vulnerable due to their credence quality attributes, importance of maintaining halal integrity throughout the supply chain, need to avoid doubt, lack of control of food norms, and sensitivity of the Muslim consumer towards halal. These vulnerabilities make halal supply chains complex to design, manage, and optimise. Transparency of halal supply chains is needed in order to ensure trust and authenticity of a halal brand. The principle of a shared database that is safe, open and verifiable without a central operator is an attractive proposition to embed trust and authenticity for halal food, cosmetics, home care, and pharmaceuticals.
A Vision for 21st Century Education
Authors: Shaleh Muhammad Adha
Published: July 2021

Globalisation, population dynamics, fast growing demographics and technological advancements are some of the key changes of the future. Today’s students will have to be prepared to face sizeable challenges yet also know that many opportunities are brought about by those same forces. The person who is schooled in today’s education system from elementary to universities has to learn the necessary skills and knowledge to take on challenges in the future. More specifically, this writer envisions that the 21st century student must have three core competencies, including: 1) civic literacy, global awareness and cross cultural skills; 2) charismatic and compassionate personality and the ability to embrace cultural diversities; and 3) ecological literacy, and the ability to collaborate with international communities in sustainable projects. Adding to these three categorical competencies, todays student also has to learn a specific set of technological skills to succeed in the 21st century workforce, predicted to be robustly rooted in artificial intelligence hyper-connected systems with minimal human intervention.
Islam, Democracy and the Middle Class
Authors: Hazri Tengku Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Some people have been writing pieces echoing the view that there is a close relationship between democracy and the middle class. Recent times have witnessed two important trends whose close links have often been overlooked: the rise of populism on the one hand and the decline of the middle class on the other. Actually they have something in common in that they are both not good for democracy, and in fact represent a departure from democratic ideals. Populism is unfortunately often a euphemism for the opinions of poor, working class and rural or suburban constituencies, as observed in how election demographic maps often portray populist and far-right candidates as typically winning constituencies in rural areas or non-major cities. The presence of a strong middle class is crucial to democracy because the middle class has the economic base that translates into political independence, thereby enabling them to demand greater rights and accountability from the government. The middle class stands to benefit most from the presence of political institutions and the infrastructure needed to sustain democracy (such as the rule of law and protection of rights, most notably property rights) and hence are most likely to demand them from the state.
The Historical Study of Scripture - Historians and Believers, Issues and Implications
Authors: Azmat Tanveer
Published: July 2021

Since the Enlightenment, scriptural discourse in the West has been generally limited to the historicity of texts. Although this is a valid and necessary method to study the history of scripture, more is needed. Following Wilfred Cantwell Smith (1916-2000), this paper argues that human involvement with scriptural text is more important than the study of the texts evolution. Smith believed that human involvement with scripture is not theological but historical as it often focuses on the historicity of the text. Further, following Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938), the paper argues that philosophy does not have jurisdiction to judge religion except to disclose the hidden dimensions of human thought. With these two insights in mind, the paper calls on believers to make their scripture(s) central to their religious life and not be overly concerned with the historical evolution of their texts. This requires critiquing the secular discourse of religion and defining new conditions of religious discourse, such that religion enacts the transformation and guidance of man’s inner and outer life
Adoption Under Islamic Law: Correcting Misconceptions
Authors: Abdulwahid Yusuph Abdulraheem
Published: July 2021

Human dignity depends on caring, on the solidarity between a man and another fellow human being. Among the responsibilities owed by a man towards vulnerable children, particularly orphans and abandoned children, is to protect and preserve their human dignity via adoption. Islamic and Western law have different perspectives and conceptions about adoption. There is a misconception that Islamic law prohibits adoption due to an erroneous conception of verse 23:5 of the Quran. This study examines the concept of adoption and the laws regulating it under Islamic law. The study relies on relevant materials, such as Islamic law books, statutes and articles. The study reveals that the case of Zaid ibn Haritha (Prophet Muhammad’s adopted son) is the root cause of many misconceptions about adoption in Islam. The study also points out the nuances of the concept of adoption under both Islamic and Western law, showing how Islamic law preserves the integrity of the biological relationship. It concludes that it is not only permissible in Islamic law to adopt a child but preferable as a means of gaining enormous reward in both this life and the Hereafter.
Intelligent Robots and the Question of their Legal Rights: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Abdullah Shahino Mah
Published: July 2021

Ismail al-Jazari was a prominent inventor in the Islamic world and is known today as the father of robotics. His magnum opus, The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices, gathered together instructions for building 100 devices he had designed. He invented a variety of water-rising machines, clocks, and humanoid automata, such as a drink-serving waitress, a hand-washer with flush mechanisms, a peacock fountain with automated servants, and a musical robot band. The latter was an early programmable automaton invented in 1206, making al-Jazari the first person to introduce the concept of programming and automation.
Islamism in Malaysian Politics: The Splintering of the Islamic Party of Malaysia (PAS) and the Spread of Progressive Ideas
Authors: Wan Jan Wan Saiful
Published: July 2021

This paper argues that the splintering of Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS) was due to an internal ideological and political battle between conservatives and progressives in PAS. The battle between the two schools traces back to the early 1900s and the debate between the Kaum Muda and Kaum Tua. This paper focuses on the important events and past leaders that shaped PAS into a nationalist-conservative movement with an authoritarian leadership. In 2015, progressive PAS leaders left to form Parti Amanah Negara (AMANAH) as an alternative, ideologically different Islamist Party. The split prompted a growth of interest in Islamist progressive ideas beyond the realm of political parties, with more public discourses taking place at all layers of society, including amongst intellectuals and various organisations, such as civil societies and publication houses.
The Evolving Interplay between Islam and Politics: From Islamist to Islamic Democrat
Authors: Ahmad Waqas
Published: July 2021

Islam is unique in its relationship with politics. It plays a vital role in politics and governance, initially under the Rashidun and subsequently in many Muslim empires. The collapse of the Ottoman caliphate in 1924 and the process of decolonisation which started in the mid-twentieth-century led to the start of many Islamic political movements in newly independent Muslim countries. These movements now sit at a critical juncture, with Muslims around the world being polarised around two political extremes. On the one hand, we have Islamic radical groups like ISIS and al-Qaeda, while on the other hand we have secular parties which do not see any role for Islam in politics and governance in Muslim countries. In response, many traditional Islamist parties are now evolving into Muslim democratic parties. Unlike Islamists, Muslim democrats take a more inclusive approach, preferring to integrate Islamic religious values into political platforms designed to win regular democratic elections. The Ennahda Party of Tunisia is one Muslim party that reflects this evolution. R. Ghannouchi, who outlined Ennahdas transition, has argued that Tunisians today are less concerned about Islamisation or secularisationthan with building a democratic government that is inclusive and meets their aspirations for a better life. This paper is an attempt to investigate this shift and its consequences for Islamism across the Muslim world.
OPTIMAL FEEDBACK LINEARIZATION CONTROL OF A FLEXIBLE CABLE ROBOT
Authors: KORAYEM M. H. , TOURAJIZADEH H. , TAHERIFAR M. , KORAYEM A. H.
Published: July 2021

In this paper the flexible cable robot tracking is controlled using optimal feedback linearization method. Feedback linearization is used to control the robot within a predefined trajectory while its controlling gains are optimized using LQR method to achieve the maximum payload of the endeffector in presence of flexibilities. Required motors’ torque and tracking error caused by flexibility uncertainties are calculated for a predefined trajectory of an under constrained cable robot with six Degrees of Freedom (DOF) and six actuating cables while its cables are considered elastic. Robust controller is also designed and added to the controller to ensure the accuracy and stability of the system and cancel any disturbing effects of the uncertainties. A series of analytic simulation study is done for the mentioned spatial cable robot to show the flexibility effect on dynamic performance of the robot and also prove the superiority of the proposed optimal control strategy to compensate these flexibilities. Finally the results are compared and verified with experimental results of the cable robot of ICaSbot to verify the proposed controlling strategy for controlling the mentioned flexible robot and also prove the correctness of the simulations.
A LOCAL ADAPTIVE THRESHOLD APPROACH TO ASSIST AUTOMATIC CHROMOSOME IMAGE SEGMENTATION
Authors: CALZADA-NAVARRETE V. , TORRES-HUITZIL C.
Published: July 2021

In cytogenetics, karyotype analysis is used to assess the presence of genetic defects by visualization chromosomes structure from microscopic images. A key step in this process is image thresholding, used to detect and extract objects of interest from background, as it affects the performance of further processing steps in image analysis. In this paper, an adaptive local thresholding for Qband chromosome image segmentation is presented. A re-threshold process based on the Sauvola’s local adaptive technique is applied to extract chromosomes from background. Local adaptive histogram equalization is added between thresholding steps to enhance chromosome segments to reduce the chances of pixel misclassiﬁcation. The proposed thresholding approach provides 93 % of precision, which is better than other similar approaches when evaluated on a reference image dataset.
A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NITRATE IN ACIDIC SOLUTIONS WITH HIGH IRON CONTENT BASED ON THE TRADITIONAL CADMIUM REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
Authors: NICHELA D. A. , TEMPORETTI P. F. , ESCALANTE R. , PEDROZO F. L.
Published: July 2021

A simple and unexpensive method based on traditional cadmium column technique is proposed for determination of nitrate in acidic aqueous mixtures with high iron load. Solutions are alkalinized and centrifuged, subsequently the supernatant is withdrawn for nitrate analysis. By this procedure two effects are accomplished, on the one hand, pH is adjusted to a suitable value and, on the other hand, iron interference is removed by precipitation. The obtained mixture is passed through a copperized cadmium column to reduce nitrate to nitrite which is quantified spectrophometrically. This method is suitable to measure nitrate concentrations even lower than the maximum accepted limit, in artificial solution.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONNECTING ZONE BETWEEN CONSECUTIVE SECTIONS IN DISTILLATION COLUMNS COVERING MULTIPLE FEEDS, PRODUCTS AND HEAT TRANSFER STAGES
Authors: REYES-LABARTA J. A. , SERRANO M. D. , MARCILLA A.
Published: July 2021

In the present work, we provide a systematic analysis about all the streams involved in the zone connecting two consecutive sections for the design of distillation columns with different thermal feed conditions, product extractions and heat additions or withdrawals. This analysis allows a better understanding of what happens on a feed or side draw (of mass or energy) stage, what compositions are or are not in equilibrium, and the impact on internal liquid and vapor flows.
LINEAR ALGEBRA AND OPTIMIZATION BASED CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR TRAJECTORY TRACKING OF TYPICAL CHEMICAL PROCESS
Authors: SERRANO M. E. , SCAGLIA G. J. E. , ABALLAY P. , ORTIZ O. A. , MUT V.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a new controller design to tracking trajectory of a typical chemical process. The plant model is represented by numerical methods and, from this approach; the control actions for an optimal operation of the system are obtained. Its main advantage is that the condition for the tracking error tends to zero and the calculation of control actions, are obtained solving a system of linear equations. The proofs of convergence to zero of the tracking error are presented. Simulation results show the good performance of the proposed control system.
FLUID FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL CONVECTION IN SQUARE NANOFLUID-FILLED ENCLOSURES SATURATED POROUS MEDIA DUE TO DISCRETE SOURCE-SINKS PAIR
Authors: MANSOUR M. A. , AHMED S. E. , ALY A. M. , LEE S. W.
Published: July 2021

Steady natural convection heat transfer behavior of nanofluids is investigated numerically inside a square enclosure filled with a porous medium. The flush mounted heater with finite size is placed on the bottom wall as well as two sinks with finite size are placed on the vertical walls, whereas the rest walls are adiabatic. The governing equations are obtained based on the Darcy's law with the nanofluid model. The transformed dimensionless governing equations were solved by finite difference approach. The influence of governing parameters, namely, Rayleigh number, location and geometry of the heat source, the type of nanofluid and solid volume fraction of nanoparticles on the cooling performance is studied. The present results are validated by favorable comparisons with previously published results. The results of the problem are presented in graphical and tabular forms and discussed.
OSMO-DEHYDRATION AND CONVECTIVE DRYING KINETIC OF ITALIAN TOMATO
Authors: SAMPAIO R. M. , MOREIRA D. , PEREZ V. H. , MARCOS S. K. , SILVA L. R. , BOIZAN M. A.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the present study was to optimize the osmotic dehydration and drying kinetic in Solanum lycopersicum L. (cultivar-Italian). The effects of the osmotic agents such as NaCl/sucrose ratio and contact time on the tomatoes moisture content reduction were evaluated according to 23 full experimental design. The attained results showed that both variables were statistically significant on moisture content reduction. However, it was found a more depended upon the increase of saline concentration than contact time. The drying process was conducted at 65°C and Page’s model was used to describe the drying kinetic. Also, the osmotic treatment resulted in significant variations of the effective mass diffusivity which reached a mass diffusivity value of 7.34×10-8 m2/s resulting in a largest reduction, i.e., 91 % approximately, on the tomato moisture content. Thus, the osmo-convective drying was a good procedure to attain a product with appropriate characteristics.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF VIBRATING MOTION OF NONUNIFORM AFM PIEZOELECTRIC MICROCANTILEVER
Authors: GHADERI R. , KORAYEM M. H.
Published: July 2021

Piezoelectric MCs (MCs) are a special type of MCs. Having self-actuating and selfsensing abilities, they can be used as micro-robots in AFM, sensors and actuators. This paper analyzes sensitivity of vibrating motion of a piezoelectric MC with the presence of geometrical discontinuities. As resonance amplitude and natural frequency are of paramount importance in vibrating motions and they are considered in most engineering applications such as AFM and MEMS, sensitivity analysis of these two parameters is conducted. Vibrating analysis is performed based on the nonuniform beam model and the Euler-Bernoulli theory. The Sobol method is used to conduct sensitivity analysis of MC’s vibrating motion into the geometrical dimensions of layers and tip in order to specify the sensitive and insensitive parameters and their effects on vibrating motion of piezoelectric cantilever. The simulation results show that to achieve actuation ability, it is better to select a piezoelectric layer, which is thin, wide and long, and a tip, which is thin and short. The results also show that the piezoelectric layer has a different effect on natural frequency, as Lp/L becomes 0.66; natural frequency reaches its maximum amount, while the effect of other parameters on frequency is either absolutely ascending or absolutely descending.
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES TO DESIGN VEHICLE-TO VEHICLE AND VEHICLE-TO-INFRASTRUCTURES APPLICATIONS
Authors: REYES A. , BARRADO C. , GUERRERO A.
Published: July 2021

Intelligent Transport Systems use communication technologies to offer real-time traffic information services to road users and government managers. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks is an important component of ITS where vehicles communicate with other vehicles and road-side infrastructures, analyze and process received information, and make decisions according to that. However, features like high vehicle speeds, constant mobility, varying topology, traffic density, etc. induce challenges that make conventional wireless technologies unsuitable for vehicular networks. This paper focuses on the process of designing efficient vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to road-side infrastructure applications.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND CONCENTRATION ON RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CAROB JUICE
Authors: YALCIN YILMAZ M. , DOYMAZ İBRAHİM
Published: July 2021

A study on the rheological behaviour of carob juice was carried as a function of solid concentration, in the range 25-45 °Brix, at different temperatures (20-60 °C), with a rotational viscometer. The viscosity decreased with an increase in temperature. Using Herschel-Buckley model, both flow behaviour index (n) and consistency index (K) were determined. The calculated values of flow behaviour index were less than 1 at all temperatures and concentrations. Therefore, the carob juice was well described by the Pseudoplastic behaviour. The Herschel-Buckley model represented well the rheological data, with high values for the determination of coefficient (R2). The effect of temperature on viscosity was evaluated by using an Arrhenius type equation. The activation energy (Ea), at a shear rate of 12.2 s-1, was found in the range of 1.77-10.25 kJ/mol.
THE SET OF FEASIBLE CONTROL VECTORS IN A TRAFFIC CONTROL PROBLEM
Authors: BARUAH N. , BARUAH A. K.
Published: July 2021

Signal Groups of a compatibility graph is used to solve conflict between the traffic streams and hence can used as a solution for traffic control problem at an intersection. The compatibility relation of the signal groups is defined and the control vectors i.e. the phases of the compatibility graph are used to control the flow of traffic. The set of feasible control vectors Uf is determined and phasing of signal group is done by choosing the controls from the set of feasible control Uf. Keywords   ,  ,.
SYNTHESIS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LAMINATES BASED ON PHENOLIC RESINS MODIFIED WITH SODIUM LIGNOSULFONATE
Authors: TAVERNA M. E. , ORELLAO R. , MORAN J. , FRONTINI P. , NICOLAU V. V. , ESTENOZ D.
Published: July 2021

The reduction of phenol and/or formaldehyde consumption during phenolic resin synthesis is of great technological and scientific interest because of its economic and environmental implications. In this work, the addition of sodium lignosulfonate as partial replacement of phenol in the phenolic resol base resins used for decorative laminates production is experimentally studied. The work involves: i) the characterization and reactivation of lignosulfonate, ii) the industrial synthesis of traditional and modified resols by replacement of 10%w/w of phenol, iii) the industrial impregnation of Kraft-type papers with the produced resins, iv) the production of laminates at laboratory and industrial scale, and, v) the measurement of their final properties. Tensile, bending and impact strength were evaluated. Modified laminates exhibited mechanical properties statistically comparable with those of traditional laminates. Industrial tests were carried out at Centro S.A, San Francisco, Córdoba.
EFFECT OF PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE ON THE TEXTURAL PROPERTIES AND THE ACTIVATION MECHANISM OF PORK BONE DERIVED HYDROXYAPATITE
Authors: IRIARTE-VELASCO U. , SIERRA I. , BRAVO R. , AYASTUY J. L.
Published: July 2021

Calcium hydroxyapatite was produced from pork bones through a three step procedure including pre-pyrolysis, chemical impregnation with K2CO3 and pyrolysis. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the porosity development of the material was investigated. The specific surface area (SSA) decreases as charring temperature increases. It is observed that the chemical treatment with K2CO3 is inefficient at mild pyrolysis conditions, in the 550-700ºC range. On the contrary, micropore, mesopore and macropore formation is enhanced by chemical activation with K2CO3 at about 800ºC. The reactions involved during the chemical activation step were analysed by mass spectrometry. It was concluded that treatment with K2CO3 favours the release of water and CO. this phenomenon was related to SSA and pore volume development. On the contrary, activation at 900 ºC caused a remarkable reduction in SSA, especially for K2CO3 treated samples, due to excessive ongoing of the above reactions as deduced from the pyrolysis gases.
BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM CASSAVA WASTEWATER AND DOMESTIC SEWAGE IN AN ANAEROBIC FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR
Authors: VILELA L.M. B. , MACÊDO W. V. , AMORIM E.L. C.
Published: July 2021

This study addresses hydrogen production in two anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBRs) that were fed with cassava wastewater and domestic sewage. The reactors were operated at hydraulic retention times of 4-3 h (AFBR 1) and 4 h (AFBR 2). The maximum hydrogen yields (HY) and the maximum hydrogen production rate (HPR) were, respectively, 0.93 mol H2.mol glucose-1 and 1.69 L.h-1.L-1 (AFBR 1) for the AFBR 1, and 2.03 mol H2.mol glucose-1 and 0.95 L.h-1.L-1 for AFBR 2. The hydrogen content ranged from 2.25 to 23.25% (AFBR 1) and from 7 to 50.75% (AFBR 2). The hydrogen content increased significantly when the amount of domestic sewage decreased, that is, higher concentrations of cassava wastewater in the substrate favors the hydrogen production. Acetic acid was the predominant metabolite that was soluble in both reactors, indicating that the hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen yield made the acetic acid pathway predominant. The association between cassava wastewater and domestic sewage favored biohydrogen production satisfactorily.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF PLATELET ACTIVATION IN A PULSATILE VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE, THROUGH FINITE ELEMENTS AND A SIMPLIFIED GEOMETRY
Authors: FRÍES E. R. , BERLI M. E. , UBAL S. , CAMPANA D. M. , DI PAOLO J.
Published: July 2021

Ventricular assist devices are a technological solution for patients who suffer from cardiac insufficiency and await a transplant. In this work, a new design of an implantable pulsatile blood pump is analyzed in terms of blood damage, by means of finite elements on a simplified geometry. It is a double effect volumetric pump, which has a noncontact driven piston and four active valves. The analysis is done by means of blood flow simulation into the pump and the prediction of platelets activation. The last is a measure of the pump compatibility with human life. The platelet activation state is evaluated by an equivalent or representative shear stress and compared with bibliographic data corresponding to other VAD kinds and cardiac prosthetic valves. The results show that, for the complementary blood flow rate supplied by the simulated VAD, the predicted platelet damage is in the same levels of current cardiac devices, particularly other VADs.
CURE KINETICS OF BUTYL RUBBER CURED BY PHENOL FORMALDEHYDE RESIN
Authors: CARON P. A. , LARRETEGUY A. E. , PORTA P. F.
Published: July 2021

The characterization of rubber compounds is a necessary step for simulating rubber products manufacturing processes. We study experimentally and model computationally compounds of Butyl rubber cured by Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, a rubber used for making curing bladders, a key component in the tire industry. Several compounds, diﬀering in the proportions of resin, Zinc Oxide, Polychloroprene (CR) and Stearic Acid, are experimentally tested during the curing process using a moving die rheometer. The experimental results are used to ﬁnd the parameters of two well established kinetic models, namely the Nth order and the Kamal-Sourour models. Both models include an ordinary diﬀerential equation for the degree of cure and an algebraic relation between torque and temperature. The ﬁtting of the model parameters is rearranged as an optimization problem, and solved using the Levenberg-Marquadt algorithm. The results show that both models are able to represent the behavior of these compounds, although the more involved Kamal-Sourour model performs better for early times, as expected. The parameter values found are useful for numerical simulations of curing bladder manufacturing processes, and as a reference for further studies of similar compounds.
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF SLAG FROM THE MINING OF Au AND Ag AS A REPLACEMENT OF THE SAND IN CEMENT MORTARS
Authors: BAZAN V. , BRANDALEZE E. , SARQUIS P.
Published: July 2021

To the benefit of gold minerals, extraction processes are generally applied by carrying out cyanidation and subsequent smelting to obtain dore thereby generating slags. The properties of the slag obtained vary depending on the origin of the mineral and on the type of load flux used. However, in the Pyrometallurgy literature the reuse of the slag generated at this stage of the process has not been analyzed. Therefore, the present research is focused on studying the characteristics of slags of minerals from San Juan province in Argentina, obtained at a laboratory scale, analyzing the possibility of recycling in case they present appropriate physical and chemical properties. Slag characterization (description) was made by using different techniques such as: chemical analysis with acid digestion and subsequent determination with ICP, structural study by applying optical microscopy techniques in white light mode and polarized light. Observation and semi-quantitative chemical analysis of the samples is completed by using an ESEM scanning electron microscope and analysis with the EDS technique. Finally, analyses about the physical properties obtained are carried out for subsequent use of the slag as cement.
OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE EASIER MANAGEMENT DUAL-MODE POWER-SPLIT TRANSMISSION
Authors: AHMADIZADEH P. , MASHADI B.
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the optimal control strategy design of the easier management (EM) dual-mode power-split device (PSD) in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The EM mechanism provides two modes of operation for the HEV based on the clutches performance. One mode is the input split mode and the other is the compound split mode. Dynamic programming (DP) method is used to find the optimal control strategy including the mode switching and the power split between the power sources while providing the charge sustaining condition. Simulation results show significant improvements of the fuel consumption in comparison to the Toyota Hybrid System (THS), which is a well-known industrialized PSD, and in comparison to the rule-based methods. Keywords − −  ,, , I
HEAT TRANSFER TO MHD OSCILLATORY DUSTY VISCO-ELASTIC FLUID FLOW IN AN INCLINED CHANNEL FILLED WITH A POROUS MEDIUM
Authors: DAS U. J.
Published: July 2021

An analysis of the unsteady MHD oscillatory flow of an incompressible, conducting, optically thin, dusty visco-elastic fluid through an inclined channel filled with saturated porous medium in presence of heat sink parameter and thermal radiation has been considered. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are nondimensioalized and are solved analytically by using perturbation technique. The expressions for velocity field, temperature field, skin friction, heat flux in terms of Nusselt number, flow flux for fluid and dust particles are obtained within the channel and are discussed graphically for various values of flow parameters involved in the problem.
MODELING AND PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION IN ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING PROCESS: APPLICATION OF DUAL RESPONSE SURFACE-DESIRABILITY APPROACH
Authors: MEHRVAR A. , BASTI A. , JAMALI A.
Published: July 2021

Selection of appropriate machining parameters which result in desired outcomes plays a key role in effective utilization of the electrochemical machining (ECM) process. In this paper, in order to correlate between ECM process parameters and cost functions, comprehensive mathematical models were first determined based on response surface methodology (RSM). Voltage, tool feed rate, electrolyte flow rate and concentration of NaNO3 solution were considered as the machining parameters while material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) were considered as cost functions. To do this, three scenarios of machining performances, Ra≤0.9µm, 0.9µm≤Ra≤ 1.8µm, and 1.8µm≤Ra≤2.7µm, were considered for optimization search based on desirability functions. The goal is to find the optimum set of machining parameters in order to maximize the MRR while keeping Ra in specified ranges simultaneously. The results show that the errors between experimental and anticipated optimal values are less than 8.16% and hence confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Keywords − − , , ,
EXPERIMENTAL DYNAMIC STALL STUDY OF AN AIRFOIL IN TURBULENT FLOW
Authors: MARAÑON DI LEO J. , DELNERO J. S. , ALGOZINO S.
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study is to experimentally determine the fluid dynamic configuration of the dynamic stall of an airfoil in turbulent flow. Wind tunnel tests were carried out in order to characterize the airfoils behavior in static and static after a quick change in the angle of attack (“dynamic case”) using flow visualization, loads and hot-wire anemometry measurements at different Reynolds numbers and with one rate of change for the angle of attack. In all the tests, a Worthmann FX 63-137 airfoil model was used. First, with the visualizations made using a paint technique, for the different configurations, some differences in the flow pattern were found and points of interest in the airfoil were chosen. In those points, the sensors for the velocity measurements were placed. With the velocities acquired using a hot-wire system, autocorrelations, turbulence intensities, density power spectrums and wavelet maps were calculated and compared between the static and the dynamic case; different results were found and explained. Additionally, differences were traced in the turbulent intensities in the wake of the airfoil. Furthermore, a wavelets analysis was performed, and the flow scales obtained show differences for the same conditions analyzed before.
Analisis Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Tenaga Kesehatan tentang Perawatan Bayi dengan Metode Kangarro Mother Care (KMC)
Authors: De Araujo Olimpia , Soares, S.Kep, MM, M.Enf Ns. Domingos
Published: July 2021

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) because they do not have a complete temperature to deal with environmental changes in the high temperature intra uterine and extra uterine environment, because cold temperatures can affect. The KMC method can reduce the risk of hypothermia because the heat from the mother's body provides heat to the baby's body by direct skin-to-skin contact and greatly facilitates the mother in giving breast milk (ASI) to the baby, strengthens the affectionate relationship between mother and baby and reduces time stay in hospital. Research (Uwaezuoke, 2017) on the effectiveness of the kangaroo method on LBW, shows that the kangaroo method can strengthen the relationship between mother and baby as well as a positive effect on infant weight. Babies born with LBW are caused by the process of losing body heat through: evaporation, radiation, conduction and convection, because of subcutaneous fat, brown fat, and less glycogen stray sites (Merenstein & Gardner, 2002).Methods: This research has used quantitative research with a descriptive approach. Focus on nurses in the Perinatology nursing room, HNGV, Dili, Timor-Leste in March 2019.Results: Using the criteria for the KMC method on newborns treated in the HNGV neonatology inpatient ward, analysis of 38 indicators for health workers who provide services to infants. The results of the study show that answering all the criteria is not correct with a minimum number of 3% and a maximum of 91%. On another aspect they need to answer that all the criteria are correct with the results showing a minimum of 6% and a maximum of 100%.Conclusion: Hospitals (neonatology units) need to regularly hold special training related to KMC for health workers to improve and expand their knowledge.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Perawat dalam Penanganan Pertama Kondisi Syok Pasien DBD di Ruang Anak Rumah Sakit Swasta Bandung
Authors: Sinaga Melya Florensisca , Parulian Tina Shinta , Ani Yuanita
Published: July 2021

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus, causing plasma leakage so that it triggers hypovolemic shock. In July 2018, data obtained from one patient in the pediatric room died of shock (Dengue Shock Syndrome). Knowledge of shock management can prevent death. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses in the first treatment of shock conditions of DHF patients in the children's room at the Bandung Private Hospital.Methods: This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive correlational design through a cross sectional approach. Sampling using a total sampling obtained 89 respondents. Collecting data using a questionnaire to measure the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses.Results: The results of the study obtained good knowledge of 74.2%, positive attitude 60.7%. Bivariate analysis using chi square test with p-value = 0.027 (p<α), shows a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses in the first treatment of shock conditions in DHF patients.Conclusion: It is necessary to increase socialization and education in dealing with the shock condition of DHF patients so as to improve the quality of hospital services.
Соціально-економічне забезпечення реалізації держаної політики у сфері соціального захисту учасників бойових дій
Authors: Н.В. Статівка , Є.П. Гордієнко
Published: July 2021

У статті досліджено сучасний стан соціально-економічного забезпечення реалізації державної політики соціального захисту учасників бойових дій. Наведено механізм здійснення державної політики соціального захисту учасників бойових дій через фінансову складову соціально-економічного механізму, проаналізовано використання державних коштів за 2018-2020 роки на основні державні програми соціального захисту учасників бойових дій. Визначені основні проблемні питання соціальноекономічного забезпечення соціального захисту учасників бойових дій та можливі
шляхи їх вирішення.