bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POST TERM PREGNANCY;
Authors: Shahzad Uzma , Manzoor Uzma , Awais Nadia , Azher Tasneem
Published: September 2021

Post term pregnancy is used to describe pregnancy that continues for 294 days ormore following the first day of last menstrual period. Post term pregnancy has been consideredto occur in 10-20 % of all pregnancies. PGE2 have been used vaginally for induction of labourfor the last two decades. Routine induction of labour after 41 weeks gestation appears to reduceperinatal mortality. Objectives: The study was done to: 1) To calculate the induction – deliverytime with prostaglandins E2 in prolonged pregnancy. 2) To find frequency of normal vaginaldelivery versus caesarean section after induction with prostaglandins E2. Study design: It wasdescriptive study. Setting: It was study of fifty patients carried out in Gynae unit 1 Allied HospitalFaisalabad. Period: 03 March 2005 to 02 March 2006. Subjects: Inclusion Criteria: 1) Allpatients with prolonged pregnancy of more than forty two weeks were included. 2-Only singletonpregnancies were included. Exclusion criteria: 1-Patients who had previous caesarean sectionwere excluded from the study. 2) Patients who had associated obstetric condition that modify themode of delivery were excluded. Data collection procedure: Detailed history and examinationwas carried out with availability of dating ultrasound to ascertain dates. Bishop score assessed.Tests of foetal well being carried out. After informed consent induction of labour carried out withprostin E2, and effect studied on induction – onset and delivery intervals and mode of delivery.Results: Induction onset interval was 3.5 hours in Primigravida, was 2.8 hours in group 2(G2 &G3) and 2.0 hours in group 3(G4 & more). Induction delivery interval was 18 hours in group 1,14 hours in group 2 and 10-12 hours in group 3. Mean percentage of normal vaginal deliverywas 78.5% in all groups. Forceps delivery was 5.6% and caesarean section was 15.7%. Numberof patients successfully induced was 84.2% Conclusion: The study confirmed the efficacy ofPGE2 tablets in achieving cervical ripening. It was also seen to decrease induction deliveryinterval more so in multigravida.
Numerical Study of the Behavior of Steel Frame with Concentric Buckling Restrained and Conventional Braces
Authors: Naghavi Mohammad , Malekinejad Mohsen
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a method is proposed to provide a simple model of buckling restrained braces. After introducing the elements, taking into account all parts of buckling restrained braces, a sample of this type of braces is modeled in finite element Abaqus software. After confirming the numerical model using the available laboratory results, which is carried out by static nonlinear analysis, moment frame model with chevron bracing is compared with moment frame with chevron buckling-restrained bracing. In this study, the behavior of buckling restrained braces as a hysteretic damper was investigated and a good performance was observed in energy absorption compared to conventional bracing.
A Constitutive Modeling and Experimental Effect of Shock Wave on the Microstructural Sub-strengthening of Granular Copper
Authors: Sharma A. D. , Sharma A. K. , Thakur N.
Published: September 2021

Micro-sized copper powder (99.95%; O≤0.3) has been shock-processed with explosives of high detonation velocities of the order of 7.5km/s to observe the structural and microstructural sub-strengthening. Axisymmetric shock-consolidation technique has been used to obtain conglomerates of granular Cu. The technique involves the cylindrical compaction system wherein the explosive-charge is in direct proximity with the powder whereas the other uses indirect shock pressure with die-plunger geometry. Numeric simulations have been performed on with Eulerian code dynamics. The simulated results show a good agreement with the experimental observation of detonation parameters like detonation velocity, pressure, particle velocity and shock pressure in the reactive media. A pin contactor method has been utilized to calculate the detonation pressure experimentally. Wide angled x-ray diffraction studies reveal that the crystalline structure (FCC) of the shocked specimen matches with the un-shocked specimen. Field emissive scanning electron microscopic examination of the compacted specimens show a good sub-structural strengthening and complement the theoretical considerations. Laser diffraction based particle size analyzer also points towards the reduced particle size of the shock-processed specimen under high detonation velocities. Micro-hardness tests conducted under variable loads of 0.1kg, 0.05kg and 0.025kg force with diamond indenter optical micrographs indicate a high order of micro-hardness of the order of 159Hv. Nitrogen pycnometry used for the density measurement of the compacts shows that a compacted density of the order of 99.3% theoretical mean density has been achieved.
Saussure semiotic of animals in Zootopia (2016)
Authors: Agustina Mia Fitria , Haris Krisna Novendra , Trisnawati Ririn Kurnia
Published: September 2021

This study aims to find out the meaning of the animal characters in the Zootopia movie. Zootopia is an animated movie that uses animals as characters; thus, it is challenging to analyze those animals since they brought different signs from common ones. Therefore, this research focuses on three animal characters e.g., mouse, rabbit, and fox which are considered as important signs in Zootopia that thus need to be interpreted. In interpreting the signs, this study employs Saussure's semiotic theory which relates to a sign that contains a signifier and its use or interpretation as signified. This research used qualitative methods. It is found that the stereotypes of the three animal characters in the movie are different from the common acceptance. The movie tries to break stereotypes about mouse, rabbit and fox. Finally, it is hoped that this study may create more awareness to see anything not based on its prevailing labels.
Investigating the Emergence of Digital Platforms for Listening Learning Proficiency
Authors: Fitria Tira Nur
Published: September 2021

This study investigates the use of any platforms in English language teaching and learning, especially in listening skills. This research design is qualitative. From the result, it shows that some technologies available both online or offline include applications or platforms that provide many choices for listening to English, they are. 1) Music platform. These platforms can be found in PlayStore, such as Joox and Spotify recommends songs for listening skills. 2) Youtube channel. Many YouTube channels for learning English listening skills include 1) Voice of America (VOA), BBC Learning English, Learn English with TV Series, English with Lucy, and Oxford Online English. 3) Podcasts. Both BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) and VoA (Voice of America). These Podcasts offer listening skills. The other podcasts are “The English We Speak, Podcast in English, Better at English, Luke’s English Podcast, Espresso English Podcast, Anchor FM” etc. 4) Websites that are pretty representative in practicing the listening skills such as Sound English, ESL-Lab, English listening, Ello, learn English British Council, Daily ESL, Story Nory, Story Line, which can be accessed. Learning English through several applications above can be an alternative for students in practicing and improving their English listening skills. Listening exercises can be carried out by using interesting listening strategies when learning English. It depends on the teachers/lecturers who teach listening subjects and the students who learn English materials.
An instrumental analysis of oral monophthongs in Aceh Barat dialect of Acehnese
Authors: Masykar Tanzir , Agusmaniza Roni , Masykar Nurul Taflihati , Nurrahmi Febri
Published: September 2021

As among the ten most spoken languages, Acehnese inevitably has many varieties. Many previous studies on Acehnese have been heavily conducted on the northern varieties of Acehnese, leaving other Acehnese varieties unexplored. Pase dialect of Acehnese has been described to have oral and nasal monophthongs and diphthongs, but no studies on Aceh Barat dialect phonetic features of Acehnese have been made. Aceh Barat dialect has also been stigmatized as being rough and vulgar in the previous study. Thus, the current study aims to explore the instrumental analysis of Acehnese oral monophthongs by Aceh Barat speakers. Three male speakers (aged 35-50 years old) speaking only Acehnese as the local language participated in the current study. The ten Acehnese words used to target the ten phonemes were adapted from study. A total of 90 tokens of Acehnese oral vowels production were analyzed using PRAAT version 6.1.29. The oral monophthongs of the Aceh Barat dialect are generally similar to the previous study on the Pase dialect. Exception emerges for the vowel /?/ and /?/, which seems to be produced differently across the speakers. Both vowels appear to stretch further down the vowel space closer to the back vowels /u/ and / ?/, respectively.
Pengembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini melalui Penggunaan Media Game Edukasi Digital Berbasis ICT
Authors: Humaida Rifka Toyba , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: September 2021

Perkembangan serta dukungan teknologi digital sudah memebrikan jalan baru untuk memeberikan pembelajaran dalam bentuk game edukasi digital pada anak usia dini, karena bahwasannya anak usia dini selalu berkaitan dengan permainan. Maka Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan kognitif anak melalui penggunanan game edukasi digital sebagai salah satu alat bagi para pendidik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Metode ini akan diaplikasikan melalui media ICT yang mampu memotivasi peserta didik untuk dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berfikir dan menyelesaikan masalah. Apa yang akan dicapai dalam penerapan metode ICT melalui game edukasi digital, melalui media ini ialah agar dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berfikir anak usia dan kreativitas dalam belajar dengan cara yang menyenangkan. Metode yang peneliti gunakan ialah kualitatif deskritif. Tekhnik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini ialah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dengan sasaran subjek usia 5-6 tahun. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan aspek perkembangan dan aspek kearifan local mendapatkan data berkembang sesuai harapan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwasannya melalui game edukasi digital berbasis ICT mampu menambah kemampuan perkembangan kognitif anak di TK Aisyiyah 3 Bandar Lampung
Factors Predicting Middle School Pupils’ Learning Orientations: A Multilevel Analysis
Authors:   Akdeniz University, Turkey, Hacıeminoğlu Esme
Published: September 2021

Investigating on what school- and student-level factors are related to pupils’ learning orientations was the main purpose of this study. The study used a sample of 2917 middle school pupils across Turkey. The Test of Science Related Attitude, Learning Approach Questionnaire and the Achievement Motivation Questionnaire were utilised as data collection tools. Analysis revealed that there were significant differences in pupils’ learning orientations with respect to both meaningful learning orientation and rote learning orientation. When learning and motivational factors were examined it was found that performance goal orientation and learning goal orientation positively contributed to both meaningful learning and rote learning orientations. Upon examination of sub-dimensions of attitudes toward science, it was determined that the adaptation of scientific attitudes and leisure interest in science made positive and significant contributions to meaningful learning orientation while enjoyment of science lessons contributed to students’ meaningful learning orientation negatively. With respect to rote learning orientation, both adaptation of scientific attitudes and enjoyment of science lessons negatively contributed.
Vector 3D Reconstruction of the Nerves of the Ventral Region of the Neck from Anatomical Sections of Korean Visible Human at the Laboratory of Digital Anatomy of Paris Descartes
Authors:   University of Paris 5 (France), University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (Mali), Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako (Mali), Kanté Abdoulaye , Uhl Jean François , Daou Mariam , Delmas Vincent , Ba Babou , Touré Tata , Demba Yattera , Bengaly Bréhima , Traoré Drissa , Coulibaly, Bréhima , Ongoïba Nouhoum
Published: September 2021

Objective: To carry out a 3D vector reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck from anatomical sections of the “Korean Visible Human” for educational purposes. Materials and Methods: The anatomical subject was a 33-year-old Korean man who died of leukemia. He was 164cm tall and weighed 55kgs. A cryomacrotome sectioned the frozen body into 5960 sections. Sections numbered 1500 to 2000 were used for this study. A segmentation by manual contouring of each nervous anatomical element of the ventral region of the neck was done using Winsurf version 3.5 software on a laptop PC running Windows 10 equipped with an 8 gigabyte RAM. Results: Our vector 3D model of nerves in the ventral neck region includes the brachial plexuses, vagus nerves, inferior and superior laryngeal nerves, glossopharyngeal nerves, hypoglossal nerves and spinal nerves. This vector model has been integrated into the Diva3d virtual dissection table. It was also uploaded to the Sketchfab website and 3D printed using an ENDER 3 printer. Conclusion: Our 3D reconstruction of the nerves of the ventral region of the neck is an educational tool for learning the nerves of the ventral region of the neck and can also serve as a 3D atlas for simulation purposes for training in therapeutic gestures.
Sinemada Cinsiyetçi Ötekileştirmeye Ableism Penceresinden Bakmak: Zeki Demirkubuz Sinemasında Ableist Temsil
Authors: KARAKOÇ Elif , LEVENDELİ Şafak
Published: September 2021

Bedensel tamlık anlayışını benimseyen bir ötekileştirme formu olarak ableism, bireyleri “tam” ve “eksik” olarak iki uçta nitelendirmektedir. Tarihsel izlekte ilk olarak engelli çalışmaları terminolojisinde karşımıza çıkan ableism kavramı, ötekileştirme pratikleri bağlamında çok daha kuşatıcı bir anlam içermektedir. Erkekle özdeşleşen fallusu, tamlığın ifadesi olarak gören psikanalitik teoride, kadına “eksik” nitelendirmesi yapan anlayış ile ableismi ilişkilendirmenin mümkün olduğu düşünülmektedir. Buradan hareketle, ableismi, fallus temelli bir tamlık arayışının yansıması olarak değerlendirmek mümkündür. Erkek egemen bakışın, fallus merkezci yani fallonsentrik tutumları, birçok farklı alanda kadını, “eksik” olarak niteleyen ve bu sebeple toplumsal cinsiyetçi streotipleri yeniden üreten bir ötekileştirme biçimi olarak ableismi açığa çıkarmaktadır. Çalışmada, sinemada işlenen kadına yönelik toplumsal kabullerin, geleneksel Batı felsefesine içkin düalist düşünme biçimini ve fallus temelli tamlık arayışını sürdüren bilinçdışısal süreçlerle ilişkili olarak ableismi görünür kıldığı aktarılmaktadır. Çalışmada sözü edilen “tamlık- eksiklik” metaforu, psikanalizdeki fallus teorisi ile geleneksel Batı felsefesinin fenomenleri ışığında irdelenmiştir. Sinemada yansıtılan kadına yönelik bakışın, erkek egemen bir özelliğe sahip olduğu düşüncesinden yola çıkan bu çalışmada Zeki Demirkubuz’un Masumiyet, Kader ve Kor filmleri örneklem olarak tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Demirkubuz filmlerine odaklanılarak, kadının toplumsal kimliğini “eksiklik” ve erkeğinkini ise “tamlık” algısı üzerinden bina eden ve ableist tutumla işlenen düalist yapıyı fallosentrik anlayış ile birlikte anlamlandırmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Gestalt Theory: Its Past, Stranding and Future...
Authors: Mungan Esra
Published: September 2021

This article focuses on the contributions of the founders of Gestalt theory, not only for the high value they carried even back then, but also for the strong relevance they have today. The main purpose is to point to the deficient, even wrong transmission of this perspective particularly in the past 50 years and to highlight its potential to connect the immense amount of accumulated but disconnected scientific facts and pieces within psychology as of today. The first part of this article discusses Max Wertheimer’s important 1912 “phi phenomenon” article and recounts the Gestalt theorists’ launch of their influential journal Psychologische Forschungen in 1922, the rise of the oppressive and violent Nazi regime in Germany, and the resulting emigration of the Gestalt founders to the US where they had to face a radically different perspective to psychology. The second part discusses the main postulates of the theory, focusing on how the movement emerged, its main theoretical perspective, and its work on perception. In a second and third article (Mungan, 2021a; 2021b), I will review their intriguing research and conceptualizations on memory and productive thinking, respectively. Hence, the current article should be read as the first in a series of three.
Shared Flashbulb Memories lead to Identity Fusion: Recalling the Defeat in the Brexit Referendum Produces Strong Psychological Bonds among Remain Supporters
Authors: Muzzulini Barbara , van Mulukom Valerie , Kapitány Rohan , Whitehouse Harvey
Published: September 2021

Identity fusion – a visceral feeling of oneness with a group – is thought to result from the sharing of emotional, often dysphoric, experiences. In this pre-registered longitudinal study, we address the impact of flashbulb memories of learning about the outcome of the Brexit referendum on both identity fusion and social identification. As predicted, the visceral quality of people’s flashbulb memories had a transformative effect on personal identity via processes of personal reflection and this, in turn, led to identity fusion via perceived sharedness with the group. Sharing personally transformative memories in this way did not lead to social identification, suggesting that perceived sharedness is key to identity fusion but not to social identification. Understanding how emotional public events impact personal identities and how they produce peculiar forms of group alignment have important implications for explaining and managing societal threats such as polarization and forms of political and religious extremism.
Upland rice breeding for drought tolerance (review)
Authors: Kostylev P. I. , Aksenov А. V.
Published: September 2021

Upland rice grown by rice farmers is having the lowest productivity in the rice production system. Drought stress is the most severe abiotic constraint for upland rice. The improvement of rice productivity in such ecosystems is essential to meet the food security needs of the population. Therefore, the cultivation of drought tolerant rice is becoming an increasingly important task. Numerous minor traits have been proposed to assist plant breeders in their selection, but most of these traits are not used in breeding because they are not practical for breeding purposes, have low heritability, or are not very correlated with grain productivity. There has been shown, that standardization of drought screening improves heritability under stress to the values similar to those obtained for the yields under well-watered conditions. Nowadays there has now been proven that drought-resistant varieties can be developed by direct selection for productivity under stressful conditions. Currently, there have been identified many quantitative trait loci (QTL) of drought tolerance in rice, but only a few of them are suitable for use in marker breeding. However, the identified genes of great drought tolerance can be effectively used in breeding for drought tolerance. The use of molecular markers will improve the efficiency of breeding work. The current review has briefly considered the importance of rice, its various production systems, and the impact of drought stress on rice production. There have been discussed the physiological mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of grain productivity under drought conditions, and there have been analyzed the breeding methods for improvement of drought resistance.
Spring wheat productivity and grain quality in the crop rotation of the foreststeppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Yushkevich L. V. , Pakhotina I. V. , Shchitov А. G.
Published: September 2021

Spring bread wheat is cultivated in the Omsk region, mainly in grain-fallow crop rotations, repeated and perma[1]nent crops, less in crop-changing rotations and occupies up to 73% of the grain share of Western Siberia. Soybean crops are growing in the region, but at the same time, there have not been sufficiently studied the peculiarities of the cultivation technology of spring wheat sown after this forecrop. The purpose of the current study was to establish the efficiency of agricultural cultivation technologies of spring wheat in the crop rotation sown after soybean in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. The study was carried out in a stationary crop rotation with alternating crops (soy[1]beans – spring wheat – oil flax – barley) in the laboratory for resource-saving agricultural technologies of the Omsk Research Center on meadow-blackearth soil in 2011–2019. There has been established that the soil cultivation system and the means of intensification influenced the elements of fertility and the phytosanitary state of the agrophytocenosis of spring wheat sown after soybean. With subsurface plowing, in comparison with moldboard plowing, there was an increase in biomass and number of weeds on 21 and 43%, respectively. The use of chemicals resulted in a significant increase in spring wheat biomass (on 1.8 times) and a decrease in number of weeds (on 3.3 times), which had a noticeable effect on the productivity. Productivity of wheat sown after soybeans decreased with a decrease in tillage intensity from moldboard plowing to subsurface plowing on 16%. The intensive cultivation technology of spring wheat increased its productivity up to 3.32 t / ha, the protein and gluten content in grain on 16–18%. As for chemicals, the maximum grain number increase on 28.2% was provided by the use of fungicides compared to the control (1.46 t/ha).
The study results of biochemical properties of naked oats and physical properties of the dough mixtures with wheat flour
Authors: Shabolkina Е. N. , Shevchenko S. N. , Anisimkina N. V.
Published: September 2021

Adding oat products to composite mixtures during baking increases the biological value of a new product. The purpose of the current study was to assess the biochemical properties of grain of the naked oat varieties ‘Baget’ and ‘Bekas’, to establish the rheological parameters of dough mixtures obtained by mixing white oat flour and whole grain flour with high-quality wheat flour according to the farinographic analysis. The introduction of oat products into the mixture affects the structural and mechanical indicators of the dough and can improve or worsen the quality indicators of bakery products. It is the decoding of the diagrams (Brabender farinograph, Chopin alveograph, etc.) that satisfy the questions related to the study of dough, with the characteristics of the physical properties of dough. There has been established a high nutritional grain value of the naked oat varieties (whole grain and white flour), when the protein percentage was on 5.3–7.6% more than in wheat flour and oil content was almost 6–5 times higher, which indicated great opportunities for using this grain crop in bakery. The study of the rheological parameters of dough showed that in composite mixtures the type of ingredients (whole grain flour, white flour) and the proportion of naked oats products (10, 20, 30%) differently affect the physical properties of dough, i.e. in relation to premium wheat flour, dilution of dough increases on 40–140 u.f., resistance of dough to extension (stability) reduces on 2.5–6.0 min and valorigraphic number reduces on 10–36 u.v. When mixing with white oat flour compared to whole grain, the physical properties of the dough are characterized by the best indicators, however, the introduction of whole-ground oat flour in the mixture retains all the benefits of oat grain. There were no significant differences between the naked oat varieties ‘Baget’ and ‘Bekas’ in the effect on the rheological parameters of the dough. When using oat flour in mixtures, there was identified a tendency to deterioration of the physical properties of dough, the differences were significant in terms of the resistance of dough to extension (stability) and valorigraphic number.
A real-world experience of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a tertiary referral centre of Montréal: Unexpected low prevalence and low mortality
Authors: Ruiz Isaac , Huard Geneviève , Fournier Claire , Bissonnette Julien , Castel Hélène , Giard Jeanne-Marie , Villeneuve Jean-Pierre , Fenyves Daphna , Marleau Denis , Willems Bernard , Corsilli Daniel , Correal Florence , Ferreira Victor , Martel Dominic , Mathieu Alexandre , Vincent Catherine , Bilodeau Marc
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver transplant (LT) recipients remains a concern. The aim of this study was to report the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among patients at the tertiary health care centre Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM) during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. METHODS: This real-world, retrospective cohort included all patients admitted to our liver unit and/or seen as an outpatient with CLD with or without cirrhosis and/or LT recipients who tested positive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cases were considered positive as defined by the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs. RESULTS: Between April 1 and July 31, 2020, 5,637 were admitted to our liver unit and/or seen as outpatient. Among them, 42 were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Twenty-two patients had CLD without cirrhosis while 16 patients had cirrhosis at the time of the infection (13, 2, and 1 with Child–Pugh A, B, and C scores, respectively). Four were LT recipients. Overall, 15 of 42 patients (35.7%) were hospitalized; among them, 7 of 42 (16.7%) required respiratory support and 4 of 42 (9.5%) were transferred to the intensive care unit. Only 4 of 42 (9.5%) patients died: 2 with CLD without cirrhosis and 2 with CLD with cirrhosis. Overall survival was 90.5%. CONCLUSION: This real-world study demonstrates an unexpectedly low prevalence and low mortality in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with CLD with or without cirrhosis and LT recipients.
Comparative characteristics of histological changes in lung tissue in rats of different ages under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Samborska I. A.
Published: September 2021

Annotation. Defeat of the respiratory system is a common phenomenon in today's conditions. Elevated levels of homocysteine (Hz) are one of the predictors of bronchopulmonary pathology. In recent years, there has been an association between its concentration in blood plasma and the risk of developing COPD, bronchial asthma, lung cancer. The pathogenesis of respiratory damage in hyperhomocysteinemia (GHz) is still being studied, but it is known to be the cause of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, which underlie lung tissue damage. The aim of the study is to establish a comparative characterization of histological changes in the lung tissue of rats of different ages at GHz. The experimental study was performed on 64 white nonlinear male rats. During the experiment, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental, each of which is divided into subgroups depending on age – young (1-2 months), mature (6-8 months), old (24-26 months). Simulation of the stable GHz state was achieved by administering to rats the experimental group thiolactone Hz at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. Histological specimens were studied using an SEO CCAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with an image output system from histological specimens. Histological examinations of the lungs of young animals under GHz conditions revealed moderate destructive changes of vessels, bronchi, components of the respiratory department, which were compensatory-adaptive and reversible. Adaptive-compensatory and destructive changes of the organ were found in adult rats at experimental GHz. Older animals develop the most significant destructive-degenerative changes compared with studies of the lungs of groups of young and mature rats. The defining feature for this age group was excessive activation of fibroblasts and the development of perivascular, peribronchial, interstitial sclerosis.
Effects of the rate of carbon dioxide injection at the initial gas-water contact on the recovery factor
Authors: Kondrat О. R. Kondrat , Matkivskyi S. V. , Burachok О. V. , Haidarova L. І.
Published: September 2021

The process of carbon dioxide injection into the initial gas-water contact with different rates of its injection, using a 3D model of a gas condensate reservoir, has been investigated. Calculations were carried out for one well injection rate of non-hydrocarbon gas: 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 th.m3/day. According to the calculated results, it has been found that with an increased rate of the carbon dioxide injection into a productive reservoir, the operation duration of production wells decreases until the moment of the carbon dioxide breakthrough. Based on the techno-logical indicators’ analysis of the gas condensate reservoir’s development, it has been found that the introduction of the carbon dioxide injecting technology leads to a reduction in the production of formation water. Due to the injec-tion of non-hydrocarbon gases, a hydrodynamic barrier is created on the initial gas-water contact boundary, which decreases the water influx. Also, the introduction of carbon dioxide injection technology will additionally create an artificial barrier between water and natural gas, which blocks the selective water encroaching and thereby ensure stable waterless operation of production wells. Based on the conducted calculations, the main dependencies have been derived and the corresponding patterns between them have been established. According to the results of the statistical processing of the calculated data, the optimal carbon dioxide injection rate has been determined. At the time of the carbon dioxide breakthrough into the producing well, its optimal well injection rate is 58.17 th.m3/day. The ultimate gas recovery factor for the optimal carbon dioxide injection rate is 63.29 %. Under the same condi-tions during depletion, the ultimate natural gas recovery factor is 53.98%. The results of the carried out studies indicate the technological efficiency of carbon dioxide injection into the initial gas-water contact in order to slow down the formation water encroaching into productive reservoir.
A new species of the genus Diaphorus from Tajikistan (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
Authors: Negrobov O.P. , Grichanov I.Ya.
Published: September 2021

Diaphorus tadzhikorum sp. n., is described from Tajikistan (Dekhkonabad, Parkhar Distr.).
Systematic notes on Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Tristan da Cunha
Authors: Grichanov I.Ya.
Published: September 2021

Hydrophorus carmichaeli (Walker), H. christopherseni Frey and H. tristanensis (Macquart) are transferred to Hydatostega. New records are given for H. carmichaeli and H. tristanensis.
Wizja Kościoła papieża Franciszka
Authors: Napiórkowski Andrzej Adam
Published: September 2021

Rekonstrukcja gestów, zachowań i słów Franciszka pod kątem jego rozumienia Kościoła niesie ze sobą spore trudności. Forsowana przez niego eklezjologiczna koncepcja przysparza mu z jednej strony rzesze zwolenników, a z drugiej prowokuje wielu do krytyki i postawy odrzucenia. Aby bez zniekształceń zrozumieć jego naukę o Kościele, należy sięgnąć do dokumentu z Aparecidy biskupów latynoamerykańskich (2007) oraz jego papieskiej adhortacji Evangelii gaudium (2014). Poturbowany Kościół J. Bergoglio znajduje się przede wszystkim na obrzeżach chrześcijaństwa i wyrasta z argentyńskiej opcji dla różnego typu wykluczonych. Stąd doktrynalnie i duszpastersko nieroztropnie wystawia się taka wspólnota na niebezpodstawne zarzuty propagowania religijnego synkretyzmu, osłabiania wyjątkowości i jedyności Jezusa Chrystusa, stawiania pod znak zapytania eklezjalnej sakramentalności.
MEDIA A ZJAWISKO AGRESJI W SPORCIE
Authors: Białek-Szwed Olga
Published: September 2021

Autorka tekstu analizuje sposób dokonywania selekcji oraz tworzenia materiałów dziennikarskich poruszających problem agresji w sporcie. Zwraca uwagę na atrakcyjność, ale i zarazem niebezpieczeństwo pojawiające się podczas upubliczniania tego typu artykułów. Zastanawia się nad etiologią problemu, tj. kto generuje większy popyt na agresję: odbiorcy mediów, nadawcy – dziennikarze, a może sami bohaterowie – sportowcy?
MEDIALNE WYKORZYSTYWANIE IGRZYSK OLIMPIJSKICH W BUDOWANIU TOŻSAMOŚCI NARODOWEJ WĘGRÓW
Authors: Nagy László
Published: September 2021

Od r. 2010 rząd węgierski ważną rolę przywiązuje do sportu, w tym do piłki nożnej i promocji ruchu olimpijskiego. Mimo braku odpowiedniej infrastruktury w szkołach węgierskich wprowadzono codzienne lekcje wychowania fizycznego. Wszędzie w kraju realizowane są wielkie inwestycje sportowe. Wśród nich priorytetowe miejsce przypada budowie i rekonstrukcji stadionów. Między innymi we wsi rodzinnej premiera wybudowany został stadion, który potrafi zmieścić 3.500 kibiców, podczas gdy liczba mieszkańców Felcsút wynosi mniej niż 2 000 osób. Wyniki sportu wyczynowego wykorzystywane są przez politykę w sposób porównywalny do metod stosowanych w XX-wiecznych systemach totalitarnych. Podczas XXXI Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich za ogromne koszty wybudowany został w Rio „Dom Węgierski”, który miał promować Budapeszt przy ubieganiu się o prawo do organizowania Igrzysk w 2024 r. Z powodu inicjatywy pewnej organizacji obywatelskiej ws. rozpisania referendum na początku 2017 r. kandydatura została wycofana. Opór opozycyjnych polityków i pewnej części społeczeństwa do olimpiady wynikał z rosnącej korupcji, która dosięga już najwyższych władz politycznych.
Osoby trzecie jako współczynnik efektywnej ochrony sądowej w cywilnym postępowaniu procesowym
Authors: Dróżdż Kinga
Published: September 2021

W niniejszym opracowaniu autorka dąży do wykazania, że udział osób trzecich w cywilnym postępowaniu procesowym stanowi jeden z czynników mających znaczący wpływ na zapewnienie efektywnej ochrony sądowej. Ten wpływ w przypadku udziału omawianej kategorii podmiotów może być realizowany poprzez udzielenie pomocy jednej ze stron procesu. Jednakże może on przybrać zdecydowanie bardziej znaczący charakter, gdy udział osób trzecich w postępowaniu ma na celu przeciwdziałanie pewnym negatywnym zjawiskom procesowym, które mogłyby doprowadzić do wypaczenia całego cywilnego postępowania procesowego. W kolejnych fragmentach pracy omawiane są poszczególne instytucje procesowe, takie jak chociażby interwencja uboczna, przypozwanie, interwencja główna czy powództwo z art. 841 K.p.c., które stanowią narzędzia, za pomocą których istnieje możność udzielenia wsparcia przez osoby trzecie w realizacji celu cywilnego postępowania procesowego w najlepszy z możliwych sposobów.
Filozofia edukacji Edmunda Bojanowskiego w perspektywie XIX-wiecznej filozofii polskiej oraz filozofii klasycznej
Authors: Krasnodębski Mikołaj
Published: September 2021

Edmund Bojanowski – twórca Ochronek i założyciel Zgromadzenia Zakonnego Sióstr Służebniczek nie pozostawił po sobie żadnego filozoficznego dzieła. Pomimo to ten pedagog i społecznik w oparciu o filozofię antyczną i neoscholastyczną sformułował własną życiową „filozofię czynu”, która nie tylko w perspektywie XIX wieku jest inspirująca i aktualna. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę wskazania na filozoficzne podstawy, na których E. Bojanowski sformułował swoją koncepcję edukacji.
Bezpieczeństwo prawne danych osobowych w nowych warunkach cyfrowych
Authors: Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Ochrona danych osobowych w nowych warunkach cyfrowych wymaga redefinicji i zmian przepisów prawa. Rozwój nowych technologii powoduje, iż obecne przepisy prawa nie są adekwatne do nowych wyzwań w ochronie danych osobowych. Dlatego też prawo to jest ciągle zmieniane i udoskonalane. Istotną rolę odgrywają tu organy powołane do przestrzegania przepisów odnoszących się do ochrony prywatności. Ważna z punktu widzenia osób fizycznych – bo to właśnie ich dotyczy ochrona danych – wydaje się również świadomość związana z istniejącymi zagrożeniami płynącymi z korzystania z serwisów internetowych, w tym w szczególności z serwisów społecznościowych. Użytkownicy korzystając z nich nie zawsze mają pełną świadomość, czy dane umieszczane w sieci – a wymagane np. w procesie rejestracji – nie zostaną wykorzystane przez osoby do tego nieuprawnione. Zagadnienie to dotyka takich kwestii jak: odpowiedzialność za treści umieszczane w sieci, odpowiedzialność za usługi świadczone drogą elektroniczną, prawo do bycia zapomnianym, jurysdykcja w obszarze globalnego świadczenia usług. Ochrona prawna, którą gwarantują nowe przepisy unijne stanowi początek niezbędnej w tym zakresie reformy.
Fotografia jako jeden z czynników procesu medialnej kreacji rzeczywistości w „kulturze budowania na nieufności” i zaniku zdolności do uprawiania dialogu. Refleksje na przykładzie dziennikarstwa prasowego
Authors: Pastwa Rafał
Published: September 2021

Fotografia jest jednym z czynników w procesie medialnej kreacji rzeczywistości. Ma to ogromne znaczenie w „kulturze budowania na nieufności”. Niewłaściwe zastosowanie fotografii może pogłębiać trudności w uprawianiu dialogu. Fotografia w mediach tradycyjnych, jak i w nowych mediach powinna przejść rewolucję re-humanizacji, bądź re-personalizacji. Jednak to może się dokonać jedynie wtedy, gdy zostanie zmieniony kształt modelu integracyjnego. Bez tych prób, fotografia pozostanie jedynie produktem do konsumpcji i łatwym narzędziem kreacji rzeczywistości.
Specyfika antropologii lingwistycznej w myśli Aleksandra Durantiego
Authors: Uwaoma Nwauzor Lambert
Published: September 2021

W artykule autor przedstawia charakterystyczne cechy antropologii lingwistycznej rozwijanej przez Aleksandra Durantiego. Problematyka dotyczy tego, jak Duranti rozumie współczesną antropologię lingwistyczną oraz jak postrzega jej zakres i teoretyczne zainteresowanie. W antropologii tej odnajduje nową interpretację bytu ludzkiego, która charakteryzuje się tym, że człowiek definiowany jest z perspektywy funkcjonalności języka, będącego aktualizacją jego społecznej natury. Omawiając propozycję Durantiego, odnotowuje kilka kwestii problematycznych, które poddaje krytycznej analizie głównie w świetle metody metafizyki realistycznej sformułowanej przez przedstawicieli Lubelskiej Szkoły Filozoficznej. Podejście to umożliwiło zaproponowanie roboczego rozwiązania odkrytych trudności, w którym język traktowany jest raczej jako element ludzkiej racjonalności, poprzez którą człowiek realizuje swoją społeczną naturę.
Christianisme et pédagogie. Les aspects méthodologiques choisis
Authors: Magier Piotr
Published: September 2021

Artykuł ma charakter metateoretyczny, analityczny oraz sprawozdawczy. Jego przedmiotem jest relacja między chrześcijaństwem a pedagogiką. Autor analizuje wybrane metodologiczne problemy jakie powstają w wyniku zastosowania treści Objawienia judeochrześcijańskiego w pedagogice. Poruszone zostały zagadnienia dotyczące: możliwości (zasadności) wprowadzania wiedzy religijnej w strukturę teorii pedagogicznych, jej funkcji oraz zakresu. Tekst składa się z trzech części, odnoszących się do: historycznego rozwoju poglądów na temat relacji religii (chrześcijaństwa) do nauki; głównych metodologicznych problemów generowanych przy wykorzystaniu wiedzy religijnej na terenie nauki (w tym humanistyki) oraz funkcji Objawienia judeochrześcijańskiego na terenie pedagogiki.
Kiedy dyskusja przeradza się w spór – różne odsłony programów telewizyjnych o charakterze publicystycznym w sztuce wymiany myśli i wywierania nacisków. Ujęcie genologiczne
Authors: Kalisz Aleksandra Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Znana już w starożytności potrzeba wpływania na rozmówcę, a co za tym idzie, chęć ingerowania w jego światopogląd, nierozerwalnie łączy się z koniecznością eksponowania „ja” mówiącego, ukazującego własny punkt widzenia. Doskonałym przykładem kreowania swoistej narracji o sobie samym i własnych przekonaniach są współczesne programy publicystyczne emitowane za pośrednictwem audiowizualnych mediów. Celem prezentowanego artykułu jest przebadanie dyskusji i sporu za pomocą narzędzi genologicznych i uchwycenie dychotomii zachodzącej między przywołanymi konstrukcjami. Tak poczyniona analiza pozwoli nie tylko na zweryfikowanie tezy dotyczącej hybrydyzacji obu form, lecz także na ustalenie tego, gdzie w przestrzeni telewizyjnego studia przebiega granica między dyskusją a sporem i jakie czynniki decydują o pojawieniu się jednego z tych gatunków. Końcowym etapem rozważań będzie przyjrzenie się  temu, w jaki sposób samo otoczenie, a zatem środek przekazu, może mieć wpływ na omawiane formy.
Effects of Packaging Materials and Disinfectants on Quality Changes of Ceylon Spinach (Basella alba L.) during Storage
Authors: Ngoc Tong Thi Anh , Thi Thanh Que Phan
Published: September 2021

Minimally processed fruits and vegetables are economically important commodities due to convenience, and healthiness, etc. These commodities are susceptible and shelf life limited as cut surfaces of vegetable result in microbiological and physiological spoilage. To extend the shelf life of Asian spinach vegetables, different washing treatments (i.e. tap water, chlorine dioxide, and peracetic acid) and packaging materials (i.e. Polypropylene-PP, High Density Polyethylene-HDPE and Low Density Polyethylene-LDPE) were evaluated in the study. The results obtained show that washing treatment of the Asian spinach with peracetic acid solution of 100 ppm for five minutes was effective due to reduced significantly E. coli and Coliforms counts. The Asian spinach was packed in HDPE material might optimally prolong the shelf life up to 7 days at 10±1oC.
The Framework of Ecosystem Services for Economic Valuation Purposes: A Review
Authors: Duc Nguyen Minh
Published: September 2021

Although humans need ecosystems and ecosystem services for their survival and well-being, most of the global ecosystems and the services that they provide have declined and/or degraded rapidly over the past few decades. In order to find the ways to sustainably use natural resources, substantial efforts have been made to measure and value the ecosystem services. The term ‘ecosystem service’ was interpreted in different ways in the literature. For making correct decisions in natural resource management, a consistent way of defining and classifying ecosystem services is needed for valuation purposes. This paper argued for the need to divide ecosystem services into intermediate and final services.
Successful Application of Site-directed Mutagenesis Polymerase Chain Reaction to Mutate TMS 11 of the Staphylococcal Multidrug Efflux Protein QacA
Authors: Hang Nguyen Thi , Hanh Vu Duc , Phai Dam Van , Lan Huong Lai Thi , Phuong Nguyen Thi , Truong Le Van , Chitsaz Mohsen , Brown Melissa H
Published: September 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a major problem in both the clinical setting and within the community. S. aureus can quickly develop resistance to a wide range of antibiotics through a number of different mechanisms, of which, using transporters located in the cell membrane to pump antibiotics out of the cell is the most serious concern. In staphylococcal species, QacA, one such important transporter, is encoded by qacA. QacA is 55kD in size and has 14 transmembrane segments (TMS) (TMS 1-TMS 14). This research describes the mutation process of the amino acid residues in TMS 11 of QacA using site-direct PCR. In this research, 15 primers were successfully designed for site-directed mutagenesis PCR. The site-mutagenesis PCR was successfully conducted to create 15 qacA mutants. These mutants will be used in further functional research of QacA.
Evaluation of hematological indices in terms of COVID-19 related mortality and ICU admission
Authors: YILDIRIM Özgür , BAYRAM Mehmet , ÖZMEN Raye Sevra , SOYLU Beyza , DÜNDAR Ahmet Said , KÖKSAL Ali Rıza , EKİNCİ Iskender , AKARSU Murat , TABAK Ömür
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that patients should be categorized according to their risk group, patient follow-up and the use of health resources should be arranged according to this categorization. Therefore, practical and inexpensive biomarkers are needed. In this study, the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) levels, which can be easily calculated by complete blood count, with mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in COVID-19 disease was evaluated.

Materials and Methods: 748 inpatients with positive COVID-19 PCR test were evaluated retrospectively. The NLR, PLR, MPV and RDW levels calculated from the complete blood count parameters of the patients at hospital admissions and their relationship with the mortality and the ICU admission in COVID-19 disease were evaluated.

Results: In terms of mortality, a statistically significant difference was found between RDW levels in the evaluation performed in the patient groups who survived and died (p: 0.014). No statistically significant difference was found in NLR, PLR and MPV levels. In the evaluation made between ICU (+) and ICU (-) groups, a statistically significant difference was found in RDW and NLR levels (p: 0.042, p: 0.01, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between PLR and MPV levels for ICU admission.

Conclusion: RDW level was found to be associated with COVID-19 related mortality and ICU admission.
Changes in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as predictors of outcome in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumors undergoing surgical resection
Authors: Flores-Bustamante Al , Hernández-Regino Laura , Castillejos-López Manuel-De-Jesús , Martínez-Rodríguez Daniel , Aquino-Gálvez Arnoldo , Zapata-Tarrés Marta , de Uña-Flores Armando , Salinas-Lara Citlaltepetl , Sierra-Vargas Patricia , Torres-Espíndola Luz María
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Changes in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (ΔNLR) have been used as a clinical tool for stratification and prognosis of patients with solid tumors, there is scarce evidence of their clinical relevance in patients with tumors of the central nervous system who have also undergone surgical resection. OBJECTIVE: Determine if (ΔNLR) are associated with poor response to treatment and worse prognosis in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumors (CNST) who underwent surgical resection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study; demographic, clinical, and hematological variables were evaluated, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed to evaluate prognosis. RESULTS: The ΔNLR cutoff value obtained through the third interquartile range was 4.30; The probability of survival and complete response to treatment was different between patients with high ΔNLR when compared to patients with low ΔNLR (p= 0.013, p=≪ 0.001, respectively). A high ΔNLR behaved as an independent predictor of worse Overall Survival (HR 2,297; 95% CI: 1,075–4.908, p= 0.032). CONCLUSION: An elevated ΔNLR was a predictor of poor response to treatment and a prognostic factor for worse Overall Survival in pediatric patients with CNST undergoing surgical resection.