bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Siberian peasantry during the First world war and revolution: details of a social and political portrait
Authors: Dementev Aleksandr Petrovich , Drobchenko Vladimir Alexandrovich
Published: June 2022

The article presents an analysis of the social and political processes that took place in a Siberian village during the years of World War I and the revolution of 1917. It is noted that migration from the central regions of the country had a great influence on formation of the rural population of the region at the turn of the 19th20th centuries, and the social structure of a Siberian village was more complex than in the center, in addition to traditional ones, there were such large social groups as old-timers and settlers, who differed not only in their property status, but also in their mentality. The absence of landownership and access to the Russian and world markets after the construction of the Siberian railway ensured the intensive development of agriculture. This was facilitated by the broad development of rural cooperatives. The World War I had a dual effect on Siberian peasantry. On the one hand, mass mobilization, having deprived villages of a million workers caused an acute labor shortage in the countryside, on the other hand, the rise in prices for agricultural products contributed to enrichment of villages and accelerated its social differentiation. The attitude of the peasantry to the key events of the Russian revolution is analyzed. The process of transformations in a Siberian village from March 1917 to May 1918 has been reconstructed. The struggle of political parties for the peasant masses is shown. The activities of rural self-government bodies (committee, zemstvo, council) and peasant unions are studied. It is concluded that the Siberian peasantry, after the overthrow of the autocracy, was drawn into political processes regardless of their desire, and more often in spite of it. In the mess of changing authorities, taking a wait-and-see position, it did not participate in the struggle of the opposing sides and, regardless of whoever was in power, evaded paying taxes and other obligatory contributions. Siberian villages remained aloof from social upheavals longer than the city. It not only relied on its own material resources, but in the conditions of the weakening of power verticals, it tried to find internal regulators of social relations, which included such archaic forms as rural gatherings and lynching. Material interest remained a priority for the peasants, against which moral norms could be subject to significant adjustments. Relations with the authorities and the outside world as a whole were built on these principles. The peasantry consistently defended the economic independence that they received after the overthrow of the autocracy from any external encroachment.
Pengaruh Kehadiran Toko Ritel (Alfamidi, Indomaret, dan Dua Sekawan) terhadap Pendapatan Kios di Kota Ternate
Authors: Muhammad Musdar , Syahrain Ruliyanto , Hatim Fajri , Nasar Fahima , Sainudin Rafik La
Published: June 2022

Riset ini bertujuan buat mengenali apakah pemasukan kios, harga serta modal mempengaruhi terhadap pasar modern. Ada pula variabel yang digunakan merupakan pemasukan, harga, serta modal selaku variabel leluasa setelah itu pasar modern selaku variabel terikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang di dapatkan melalui wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner kemudian alat analisis yang digunakan yaitu Uji Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda  dengan bantuan software  SPSS- 20. Hasil membuktikan kalau secara parsial variabel pemasukan mempengaruhi positif serta tidak signifikan terhadap pasar modern di Kota Ternate, sedangkan harga pula mempengaruhi positif serta signifikan terhadap pasar modern di Kota Ternate, sebaliknya modal pula mempengaruhi positif serta signifikan terhadap pasar modern di Kota Ternate. Dan jika dilihat secara simultan variabel pendapatan, harga, dan modal memiliki pengaruh secara bersama sama terhadap pasar modern di Kota Ternate.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi pada Bunda Laundry
Authors: Widayani Hapsari
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat sistem terkomputerisasi pada Bunda Laundry  yang dapat membantu dalam proses administrasi dan pembuatan laporan keuangan, memudahkan pegawai untuk melihat ketersediaan stock bahan baku yang menunjang proses cuci setrika, membantu pegawai Bunda Laundry  untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan administrasi terhadap pelanggan sehingga dapat meningkatkan penjualan, dan mengetahui proses perancangan sistem informasi akuntansi pada Bunda Laundry . Data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Metode pengumpulan data berupa observasi langsung ke objek penelitian yaitu Bunda Laundry. Metode pengembangan sistem meliputi tahap perencanaan sistem, tahap analisis sistem, tahap perancangan sistem, tahap implementasi sistem, serta tahap pengujian dan penggunaan sistem. Hasil penelitian yaitu proses pelayanan konsumen dan pencatatan pada Bunda Laundry  masih menggunakan sistem yang manual sehingga dibuatkan sistem yang terkomputerisasi. Prosedur pelayanan konsumen dimulai dari konsumen menaruh pakaiannya pada Bunda Laundry  lalu bagian administrasi memberikan kuitansi pembayaran dan setelah itu pakaian konsumen diberikan kepada bagian produksi untuk di proses. Bila sudah selesai konsumen dapat mengambilnya dan membayarnya. Bagian administrasi akan merekap pembayaran tersebut dan membuat laporan keuangan yang akan diperiksa oleh pemilik laundry . Perancangan sistem ini dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan masalah dan menganalisisnya menggunakan analisis PIECES. Setelah mengetahui kendala yang terjadi pada Bunda Laundry, penulis melakukan rancangan sistem menggunakan alur data flow diagram (DFD) dan membuat database dengan entity relationship diagram (ERD). Setelah semua hal dilalui, proses selanjutnya adalah menggambarkan rancangannya secara sederhana.
The landscape research in the Dyje-river gap
Authors: Hynek Alois , Trnka Pavel
Published: June 2022

On the example of the Dyje-river gap in the southeastern part of the Bohemian-Moravian Highland, southern Moravia characterized by an increased diversity, the authors try to solve the space orientation of the area in agreement with the ecological aspects. They divide natural space taxonomic units into further hierarchical units, analyse the area under study and present a proposition of a landscape synthesis which would satisfy all the requirements demanded by social activities as well as by the care of the living environment.
Essay dealing with geography, consistent and regional
Authors: Häufler Vlastislav
Published: June 2022

The author get through the contemporary trends in world geography. The titles of chapters indicates contents of them: Crises or boom of geography? Evolution of geographical thoughts. Geographization of geography. Having determined the principal problems the author then concentrates on the situation in marxist geography in Czechoslovakia.
Regionalization of tourisme in the Czech Socialist Republic
Authors: Rubín Josef
Published: June 2022

The article and a map (Enclosure 1) give the basic information on the dividing of the territory of the Czech Socialist Republic in 47 regions and 37 subregions of tourisme, further in 28 so called perspective regions and in small areas convenient for recreation outside regions of tourisme. The first regionalization of tourisme in Czechoslovakia was done in 1962 and that one is now actualized - separately for the Czech and the Slovak Soc. Republic. Nowadays there are together 70 regions of tourisme in Czechoslovakia. According their importance and quality they are divided in 4 categories. This actualization is motivated by changes of the landscape and especially by changes in the social economic sphere during last 20 years. Besides review of that changes it is partialy mentioned used methodic too.
The subsidence of bays and river mouths on the Apennine Peninsula
Authors: Loyda Ludvík
Published: June 2022

Bays, lagoons, and river mouths were always hold for the most suitable places to set up harbours. Ancient landing places or harbours often had been subsiding under the sea surface, however. This is a proof of intensive sinking of blocks in such places. On the coast of the Apennine Peninsula rests of drowned towns and harbours over 2000 years old are being found. The relevellings have shown the sinking of the Po-delta, too. Drowned habours seem to verify the fact that minor blocks of the earth's crust on the bottom of bays and of river valleys sink more rapidly than their surroundings.
Analisis Kebutuhan Bandwidth Dan Kualitas Kecepatan Jaringan Wifi UNISAN Pada Game Online
Authors: Igirisa Rapin
Published: June 2022

Abstrak— Analisis Kebutuhan Bandwidth dan Kualitas Kecepatan Jaringan wifi UNISAN Pada Game Online (PUBG, MOBILE LEGEND, & FREE FIRE) pada masing-masing game dilakukan pengujian pada tiga waktu yaitu: pagi, siang, dan malam menggunakan metode pengujian langsung, dengan melakukan pengukuran kualitas kecepatan jaringan dan kebutuhan bandwidth dengan menggunakan beberapa alat seperti: router, smartphone dan laptop, dengan menggunakan suatu aplikasi pengukur wirshark, game online, Trafik monitor dan parameter Qos. Dari hasil pengujian yang diperoleh terlihat perbandingan kualitas kecepatan atau kebutuhan bandwidth pada jaringan wifi Unisan di masing – masing game. Pada game PUBG hasil download 29,43 kb/s, upload 22,62 kb/s, game Free fire hasil download 12,28 kb/s, upload 10,40 kb/s, pada game Mobile legend hasil download 8,71 kb/s, upload 5,69 kb/s. hasil nilai tertinggi terdapat pada Game PUBG dan hasil nilai terendah terdapat pada game Mobile legend.

Kata Kunci : Bandwidth, Quality Of Service, jaringan wifi unisan, Wireshark, Game Online.
Penerapan Algoritma Naïve Bayes Berbasis Backward Elimination Untuk Prediksi Pemesanan Kamar Hotel
Authors: Annur Haditsah
Published: June 2022

Perhotelan merupakan salah satu badan usaha yang memiliki potensi untuk tumbuh dan berkembang yang membutuhkan banyak investasi yang berdiri baik di tengah kota maupun di daerah tujuan wisata. Pemesanan kamar hotel dapat dilakukan oleh pelanggan sebelum mereka menggunakan hotel melalui media online, namun permasalahan yang terjadi adalah pelanggan yang telah melakukan pemesanan kamar dapat membatalkan pesanan dengan berbagai alasan, sehingga pelaku bisnis perhotelan merasa rugi karena pembatalan tersebut dapat memberikan peluang bagi desainer untuk mendapatkan pelanggan ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes sebagai algoritma yang dapat menghasilkan akurasi tinggi dan dapat mengolah banyak data, serta pemilihan mundur sebagai pemilihan nilai parameter yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan akurasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10.000 data pelanggan kamar hotel dengan hasil akurasi menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes 89.67%, dan hasil akurasi menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes dan Pemilihan Fitur Backward Elemination sebesar 97.83%. Hasil Prediksi Check-Out, Dibatalkan dan No-Show.Kata kunci: Prediksi, Pemesanan Kamar Hotel, Naïve Bayes, Backward Elemination.
Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Multi Nabati Sulawesi Wilayah Luwuk Kabupaten Banggai
Authors: Pakaya Syaiful , Syamsul Syamsul , Yunus Idris
Published: June 2022

This study analyzes whether there is a significant influence on job stress on employee performance at PT. Multi Nabati Sulawesi Luwuk. The sample in this study was 57 employees, which then carried out random sampling. The sampling technique used in this study was random sampling. Simple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses in this study. The results of this study indicate that the influence of the work stress variable (X) on employee performance (Y) is in a negative area. From the results of the t test, the value of t count = -1.609, while at the real level a = 0.05 and df = 56, it is obtained t table = 1.672. Because t count < t table with a probability of 0.113 is greater than 0.05, so it is proven that job stress has no significant effect on employee performance at PT. Multi Nabati Sulawesi Luwuk.
Analisis Persepsi Dukungan Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Kaitannya dengan Komitmen Organisasi pada PT. Mimoza Multimedia Gorontalo
Authors: Musafir Musafir
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived organizational support and job satisfaction on organizational commitment at PT. Mimoza Multimedia Gorontalo. The data collection technique used the census method on 97 employees by distributing questionnaires. The analytical method used is the path analysis method (Path Analysis). The results of testing the first hypothesis show that the perceived variable of organizational support and job satisfaction simultaneously has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment with a contribution (R-Square) of 45.2%. Then testing the second hypothesis shows that the variable perception of organizational support partially has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment with a partial contribution of 28.4%. Meanwhile, testing the third hypothesis shows that the job satisfaction variable partially has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment with a coefficient of 16.8%
Analisis Hubungan Psikologis Konsumen terhadap Minat Beli pada Rumah Makan Selamat di Bukittinggi
Authors: Syavardie Yimmi
Published: June 2022

This research was conducted at the Selamat Bukittinggi Restaurant which has rendang food. This type of research is descriptive research that uses a quantitative approach. This study explains and describes the influence between the psychological variables of consumers as independent variables, on the variable of purchase intention as the dependent variable. The sample in this study was 100 respondents. The data analysis methods used in this study are validity test, reliability test, descriptive analysis, Spearman rank correlation analysis, and coefficient of determination test. The results found that all variables (motivation and perception) had a positive and significant effect on consumers' purchase intention. From the results of the Determinant Coefficient test, the R2 value of 0.504 means that the contribution of the motivation and perception variables to purchase intention is 50% while the remaining 50% is influenced by other variables not included in this study. The calculated z value is greater than the z table, indicating that there is a significant influence between motivation and perception on purchase intention.
Analisis Penyusunan Anggaran Bantuan Operasional PAUD Nur Permata Hijau Kabupaten Banggai
Authors: Botutihe Nur Atni , Ilmi Miftahul
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the budgeting of operational assistance fund the Early Childhood Education (PAUD) Nur Permata Hijau in Lumpoknyo Village, Banggai Regency. The data analysis method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique to thoroughly describe the implementation of BOP budgeting reporting in PAUD Nur Permata Hijau and is associated with public sector accounting, especially in public sector budgeting. The results showed that the preparation of the budget for school operational funds at PAUD Nur Pemmata Hijau in 2019 was in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 4 of 2019. The preparation of the operational budget for PAUD Nur Permata Hijau was effective and efficient because the budget was absorbed in its entirety and the use of the budget was already very appropriate for student activities.
Pengaruh Brand Awareness dan Brand Image Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Studi Pada Konsumen Shopee di Sumatera Barat)
Authors: Ariani Fatma , Prinoya Rangga Wenda
Published: June 2022

Sales and marketing of goods or services using electronic systems will be very developed at this time, which can be seen from the rise of e-commerce platforms that have sprung up, especially in Indonesia. One of them is the Shopee e-commerce platform. This study was conducted to see the effect of the independent variables, namely brand awareness and brand image, on purchasing decisions, which are the dependent variables. The study used multiple linear regression analysis and tested classical assumptions through the SPSS version 21 application. by distributing a questionnaire form online and obtaining as many as 100 answers from various shoppers in West Sumatra. The results of the study partially show that the two variables, namely brand awareness and brand image, have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. Likewise, brand awareness and brand image have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions.
Pertumbuhan Perusahaan dan Struktur Modal terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Olii Nurhayati , Solikahan Eka Zahra , Ariawan Ariawan
Published: June 2022

Increasing the prosperity of the owners or shareholders through increasing the firm value is the main goal of the corporation. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to grow the company and use an optimal capital structure in accordance with the trade-off theory that predicts a positive relationship to the value of the company. This study aims to determine the effect of company growth and capital structure on increasing company value. The research method uses a quantitative approach, using the purposive sampling technique in the food and beverage sub-sector, and multiple regression is used for data analysis. The finding of the study indicates that firm growth has a negative and insignificant effect on firm value. Capital structure has a negative and insignificant effect on firm value. Together, firm growth and capital structure have no significant effect on firm value in the food and beverage sub-sector. The growth of a firm requires large investment costs and optimizing the funding of the company’s capital structure.
EXPLOSION HAZARD OF GRAPHITE DUST/AIR MIXTURE
Authors: Полетаев Николай Львович
Published: June 2022

Исследована взрывоопасность аэровзвеси пыли графита особой чистоты (АПГ) во взрывной камере объемом 18,7 л. Получены показатели взрыва: P = 640 кПа (абс.); (dP/dt) = 6,3 МПа/с; МВСК = 18 % (об.). Выявлено, что данные показатели отвечают АПГ с реальной начальной температурой T* = 383 °С, которая возникает при тестировании в маломасштабной камере. Для оценки T* использованы зависимости (dP/dt) от времени t в единичных опытах, выявляющие двухступенчатый характер взрывного горения.

It is known that graphite dust air mixture (GDAM) does not explode when tested in a 1 m chamber under normal initial conditions (pressure 100 kPa, temperature 25 °C). However, the GDAM explodes when tested in a (20 ± 2)L chamber. The discrepancy is due to the difference in testing conditions in a small-scale chamber from normal (Cashdollar and Chatrathi, 1993). The paper defines these differences for the case of GDAM testing in a quasi-spherical chamber with a volume of 18.7 litres. Test object. Investigated graphite of high purity, the impurity content is less than 0.003 % (mass). The proportion of particles with a size less than 50 μm was 62 % (mass). Research procedure. Close to the standards of the EN 14034 series. Research results and their discussion. The following indicators of the GDAM explosion were obtained: P = 640 kPa (abs.); (dP/dt) = 6.3 MPa /s; LOC = 18 % (vol.). In experiments with the explosion of GDAM, two stages of increasing the pressure in the chamber P(t) were observed. These stages were revealed by the presence of two maxima on the plot of (dP/dt) versus time t. The first maximum was related to the stage of combustion of the ignition source and local burnout of GDAM. The second maximum is associated with the development of combustion of the main mass of fresh GDAM, heated as a result of turbulent mixing with the combustion products of the first stage of the process. Estimates have shown that the initial temperature and pressure of the gas phase for the second stage of the process are, respectively, ≈ 380 °С and ≈ 200 kPa (abs.). Conclusions. The investigated sample of GDAM is explosion-proof under normal atmospheric conditions. Explosion parameters correspond to GDAM heated to a temperature of about 380 °C. This temperature represents the actual starting temperature of the GDAM when tested in a small scale chamber.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF LARGE FIRES BASED ON BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Власов Константин Сергеевич , Порошин Александр Алексеевич
Published: June 2022

В статье рассмотрены вопросы определения параметров крупных пожаров с позиции оценки достаточности сил и средств привлекаемых пожарно-спасательных подразделений. На основе технологий Big Data исследованы массивы количественных и качественных данных, характеризующих оперативную деятельность по тушению пожаров. Предложен научно-методический подход к классификации пожаров по категориям «ординарный» и «крупный» с учетом выявленных базовых характеристик действий по тушению пожаров. В настоящее время показатель ущерба может определяться по достаточно субъективным критериям и не всегда коррелирует с объемом работ, выполняемых пожарно-спасательными подразделениями. Метод, описываемый в данной статье, базируется на комплексной расчетной оценке трех основных показателей: интервал времени занятости пожарных подразделений на пожаре; количество привлекаемой на пожар мобильной пожарно-спасательной техники; количество приборов подачи огнетушащих средств, применяемых на пожаре, и ряда дополнительных параметров. Это позволяет оперативно определять параметры крупных пожаров не только для Российской Федерации в целом, но и для отдельных территорий, что стало возможно за счет использования современных технологий Big Data и программной платформы Python.

The article considers the issues of determining the parameters of large fires from the standpoint of assessing the sufficiency of forces and means of the involved fire and rescue units. On the basis of Big Data technologies, arrays of quantitative and qualitative data characterizing operational fire extinguishing activities have been studied. A scientific and methodological approach is proposed to classify fires into categories “ordinary” and “large”, taking into account the identified basic characteristics of fire extinguishing actions. The practical necessity of using this method is connected with the need to determine the most complex fires in tactical terms. The method used earlier, based on the assessment of the amount of material damage from a fire, allowed to obtain relevant results in the conditions of a planned (directive) economy. Currently, the damage indicator can be determined by fairly subjective criteria and does not always correlate with the amount of work performed by fire and rescue units. The method described in this article is based on a comprehensive calculation assessment of three main indicators: the time interval of employment of fire departments in a fire; the number of mobile fire-rescue equipment involved in a fire; the number of fire extinguishing devices used in a fire and a number of additional parameters. This makes it possible to determine quickly the parameters of large fires not only for the Russian Federation as a whole, but also for individual territories, which has become possible through the use of modern Big Data technologies and the Python software platform.
PROCEDURE FOR CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND PROCESSING EMPIRICAL DATA ABOUT THE EVACUATION START TIME ON THE EXAMPLE OF HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS WITH A HOSPITAL
Authors: Аниськина Юлия Андреевна , Самошин Дмитрий Александрович
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена вопросу экспериментального исследования времени начала эвакуации основного функционального контингента медицинских учреждений со стационаром. Описана разработка единой методики проведения эксперимента по определению времени начала эвакуации, что, в свою очередь, позволит корректно объединять полученные результаты натурных наблюдений и увеличивать объем эмпирических данных. Предложена апробированная методика проведения экспериментов, а также дано описание способов обработки полученных эмпирических данных. Приведено математическое описание исследуемого параметра в разрезе принятых значений влияющих факторов.

The analysis of the scientific literature indicates that when determining the time of the evacuation start there is currently no single generally accepted approach to collecting empirical data. So, it is impossible to combine the previously obtained results of field observations correctly. In order to solve this problem, there was developed a procedure for conducting experiments to determine the evacuation start time for the main functional contingent of medical institutions with a hospital, which allows to carry out the experiment under unchanged conditions, at different time in different objects of protection. This procedure includes the following stages: setting the goals and objectives of the experiment; establishing the main and secondary characteristics that affect the process under study; choosing the means and the required number of measurements; description of the experiment; method for processing and analysis of experimental data. The procedure was tested on the basis of healthcare institution “Vyazemskaya Central District Hospital”. 103 people took part in 5 experiments. The experimental data obtained were processed by methods of mathematical statistics. As a result, there was obtained the description of the evacuation start time of the main functional contingent of the medical institution with a hospital at the availability and proper operation of the automatic fire alarm system as well as at the high level of fire training of the staff. It was established that with a probability of 90%, the values of the evacuation start time are in the range of [83;132 s]. The analysis and processing of experimental data obtained during the approbation of this technique made it possible to obtain a mathematical description of the random value of the start time of evacuation of the main functional contingent of a medical institution with a hospital, which can be used to assess the fire danger level in hospital departments with at least 107 beds.
INSTRUMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL VALIDATION METHOD FOR CALCULATION PROCEDURE OF FIRE SIMULATION. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Карпов Сергей Юрьевич , Понимаскин Алексей Яковлевич , Шишанова Светлана Сергеевна
Published: June 2022

Предложен концептуально иной подход к валидации расчетных методик, связанный с моделированием пожаров. Сформированы предложения и рекомендации по использованию результатов исследования пожаров в части проверки надежности и точности существующих расчетных методик по прогнозированию опасных факторов пожара (ОФП). Проанализировано современное состояние деятельности, связанное с экспериментальными доказательствами пригодности и точности существующих расчетных методик по моделированию пожара. Рассматриваются проблемы и положительные аспекты в реализации концепции подхода к валидации расчетных методик посредством накопления эмпирических данных через детальное исследование произошедших пожаров. Предложены рекомендации по формированию методологической концепции производства валидации расчетной методики моделирования ОФП посредством исследования пожаров и загораний. Сформулирован общий подход к использованию инструментально-аналитического метода определения физических параметров на пожаре в условиях реального времени на основе анализа множества различных данных.

The conceptually different approach to the validation of calculation procedures related to fire modeling is proposed. There are formed suggestions and recommendations on the use of the results of fire research in terms of verifying the reliability and accuracy of existing calculation procedures for predicting fire hazards (OFP). There are discussed the issues of reliability of calculation procedures for forensic fire-technical examination. There is analyzed the current state of activity related to experimental evidence of suitability and accuracy of existing calculation procedures for fire modeling. There are considered the problems and positive aspects of implementation of the concept of the approach for validation of calculation procedures by means of accumulation of empirical data through the detailed study of the occurred fires. There are proposed the recommendations for the formation of a methodological concept for validation of the calculation procedure for OFP modeling through the study of fires and ignitions. There is formulated the general approach for using the instrumental-analytical method for determining physical parameters in a fire in real time based on the analysis of various data sets.
AUTOMATIC FIRE PREVENTION SYSTEMS WITH HYPOXIC ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Казаков Алексей Васильевич , Бухтояров Дмитрий Викторович , Смирнов Николай Васильевич , Григорьев Владимир Александрович
Published: June 2022

Автоматические системы предотвращения пожара создают в помещении искусственную гипоксическую атмосферу, концентрация кислорода в которой исключает воспламенение и дальнейшее развитие пламенного горения по пожарной нагрузке. Показана область применения системы и ее достоинства по сравнению с автоматическими установками пожаротушения. Отмечены основные факторы, которые ограничивают применение систем. Представлены сведения о методиках определения порога воспламенения горючих материалов, а также правила вычисления нормативной концентрации кислорода, которые необходимы для проектирования системы. Сообщается о некоторых зарубежных нормах, а также о разработке национального свода правил для проектирования систем. Приведен ряд условий для безопасного посещения помещений и выполнения работы в гипоксической атмосфере.

Automatic fire prevention systems create an artificial hypoxic atmosphere in the room where the oxygen concentration excludes ignition and further development of flame combustion on fire load. There is demonstrated the field of the system application and its advantages in comparison with automatic fire extinguishing systems. The main factors that limit the systems application are gas leaks from the room through leaky building structures and doors. Some types of room heating systems can also cause gas leaks. The tightness of the room can be determined by the fan method. Leaky rooms can also be protected but economic costs and electricity consumption at the same time unreasonably sharply increase. The flammability limit is the main parameter that determines the nitrogen amount to protect the room. There is presented the information about the test method for determining the flammability limit of combustible materials, as well as some experimental data. Three foreign standards define the requirements for the systems design. The national standard for system design is being developed in our country nowadays. Some provisions of this national standard for fire prevention systems are discussed in this article. At the same time, much attention is paid to the people safety staying in an artificial hypoxic atmosphere.
NATIONAL AND FOREIGN STANDARDS ON THERMAL STABILITY OF INDIVIDUAL RESPIRATORY AND VISUAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR FIREFIGHTERS
Authors: Логинов Владимир Иванович , Кисляков Роман Аркадьевич , Маслов Юрий Николаевич , Варламкин Сергей Александрович
Published: June 2022

Анализируются требования и методики испытаний по определению тепловой устойчивости средств индивидуальной защиты органов дыхания и зрения (СИЗОД), используемых при пожарах, изложенные в национальных и зарубежных стандартах. Делается вывод о необходимости проведения исследований, направленных на актуализацию национальных стандартов в части требований и методик испытаний по тепловой устойчивости и тепловой защите СИЗОД.

National and international standards for various types of personal protective equipment used in fires normalize their stability under the influence of various thermal fire factors. The stability is defined as performance support of the breathing apparatus itself and its elements. At the same time, there are some discrepancies in the methods of thermal tests specified in national and international standards. International standards establish consistent cumulative impacts of various thermal fire factors in one test cycle of one product and after that its operability is checked. The national standards establish that a functional check is carried out after each thermal exposure. The several units of the tested product are submitted for testing, for example, the front part. In addition, neither national nor international standards define the thermal protection parameters of the individual respiratory and visual protective equipment, which provide physiologically permissible microclimatic parameters of the internal space of the breathing apparatus during the exposure period of thermal fire factors. The criterion for the effectiveness of thermal protection can be the time to reach the maximum permissible temperature of human skin, leading to thermal burn. This criterion is used, for example, for evaluation of the thermal protection of firefighter uniform.
DIFFUSIVE COMBUSTION OF LIQUID HYDROGEN IN OPEN ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Чугуев Анатолий Петрович , Некрасов Валерий Петрович , Сычев Александр Николаевич , Шаршунский Алексей Алексеевич
Published: June 2022

Настоящая работа посвящена изучению параметров диффузионного пламени жидкого водорода, возникающего в результате нештатной ситуации с проливом жидкости из технологического оборудования на различные поверхности. Параметры пламени жидкого водорода необходимы для оценки влияния его теплового излучения на окружающие объекты и выбора способа ликвидации последствий аварийной ситуации. Полученные экспериментальные данные по горению жидкого водорода позволили предложить в целях практического применения аналитические зависимости для оценки параметров диффузионного пламени водорода, обычно возникающего после аварийного пролива жидкости на различные поверхности. Эти зависимости удовлетворительно обобщают экспериментальные данные через критерий Фруда и могут иметь практическое применение при решении вопросов по обеспечению пожарной безопасности технологического объекта.

This research work is devoted to the study of the parameters of the diffusion flame of liquid hydrogen which potentially arises as a result of a possible emergency situation with the spillage of liquid from technological equipment. The parameters of the liquid hydrogen flame are necessary to assess the effect of its thermal emission on the surrounding objects and also to choose a way to eliminate the accident and its consequences. The combustion of liquid hydrogen spilled in amount 1-100 liters occurred from various surfaces (metal baking sheets, gravel, water surface, liquid nitrogen surface) and various areas (1-7 m). Special Dewar vessels with volumes from 3 to 120 liters were used for experiments. The amount of spilled hydrogen, the burning time, and the size of the flame were measured during the experiments (based on the results of filming). The ignition of vapors of evaporating hydrogen were performed by an electric spark at a height of 0.5-1.0 m from the surface of the spillage. The obtained experimental results were processed depending on the Froude numbers according to the expression Fr = u / gd, where u - rate of vapor outflow, м · s; u = m/r, m - evaporation rate, kg/(m · s); r - vapor density, kg/m; g - acceleration of gravity, m · s; d - diameter of the “pool” of liquid hydrogen ( evaporation ares), m. The dependence of the dimensionless flame height from the Froude number is obtained in the form L/d = 32(Fr) for Fr = 10 - 10. The dependence of the maximum flame diameter of the number of Fr is obtained in the form D/d = 11(Fr) for Fr = 10 - 10. This paper presents analytical expressions for determining the size of diffusion flames of liquid hydrogen usually occur after an emergency spill. The use of liquid nitrogen in the process of an emergency hydrogen spill can noticeably (by 2 times) reduce the size of hydrogen diffusion flame and reduce the impact of thermal radiation on surrounding objects since the extinguishing of such fires is not regulated by both foreign and domestic regulatory documents.
ENDORSE DAN PAID PROMOTE INSTAGRAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Fahmi Muhammad Nurul
Published: June 2022

Media sosial instagram menjadi peluang para pelaku usaha, sebagai salah satu aktivitas ekonomi yaitu yang berkaitan dengan Jasa paid promote Instagram dan Endorse. Jasa Paid Promote ini merupakan layanan jasa promosi berbayar. Penyedia jasa ini biasanya adalah akun-akun Instagram yang memiliki jumlah follower melimpah, entah milik artis (publik figur), selebgram atau lainnya. Sementara itu pengguna jasanya adalah para pemilik bisnis / brand atau dari kalangan online shop yang menginginkan produknya untuk dipromosikan. Sedangkan Endorse (endorsement) yaitu dukungan atau dalam bahasa spesifiknya adalah memberi secara cuma-cuma satu atau dua buah dagangan kita kepada akun IG yang jumlah followernya banyak semisal artis atau fanpage terkenal yang lain, untuk endorse ini biasanya si Olshop tidak usah membayar dengan nominal uang, hanya cukup memberi barang (Tergantung dari kesepakatan). Berbicara tentang tarif pada Paid Promote Instagram, belum ada patokan maupun standard dalam hal ini, hanya sesuai dengan kesepakatan dari penyedi jasa dan pengguna jasa tersebut. Namun, biasanya yang terjadi di lapangan adalah semakin banyak jumlah followers Instagram maka semakin mahal biaya yang harus dikeluarkan per post-nya.
PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM IBNU TAIMIYAH
Authors:   UIN Walisongo Semarang, Rofiq M Khoirur
Published: June 2022

Islam adalah agama yang selain bersifat syumuliyah (sempurna) juga harakiyah (dinamis). Disebut sempurna karena Islam merupakan agama penyempurna dari agama-agama sebelumnya dan syari’atnya mengatur seluruh aspek kehidupan, baik yang bersifat aqidah maupun muamalah. Dalam kaidah tentang muamalah, Islam mengatur segala bentuk perilaku manusia dalam berhubungan dengan sesamanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya di dunia. Termasuk di dalamnya terdapat prinsip-prinsip yang mengatur tentang pasar dan mekanismenya. Dalam khazanah pemikiran ekonomi Islam, terdapat seorang ulama yaitu Ibnu Taimiyah yang telah banyak membahas tentang ekonomi, di antaranya adalah pendapat beliau tentang pasar, harga, keadilan, dan pemikiran ekonomi lainnya.
LITERASI KEUANGAN SYARIAH PENGELOLA KOPERASI PONDOK PESANTREN AN-NAWAWI KEC. GEBANG, KAB PURWOREJO
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Lestari Sri , Mukaromah Hajar ,   STAI An-Nawawi Purworejo
Published: June 2022

This research discuses about literacy of sharia finance aimed to observe to what extent the knowledge of the cooperation manager of Islamic Boarding School towards the literacy of sharia finance determined by the demographical factor, the factor that has a relation with the literacy of finance included education, sex and income. However, this research would focus on the relationof demographical factor and literacy of finance sharia in the perspective of education that is at the level of education and the origin of education of an an dividual in mananging the finance. This research used the quantitative research method in which the measurement was implemented using Continuous Rating Scale (CLS) whith the measurement category of literacy of finance divided into three: high, medium, and low. The variabel in this research included: finance literacy (management of personal finance, saving, investment, assurance), education level (SMU/MA below and undergraduate program above), origin of education (general, religiosity). The research results showed that there was no any difference of sharia finance literacy as seen from the educational level and the origin of education of the cooperation manager of Islamic Boarding School An-Nawawi. This was not in line with the hypothses. However if analyzed in each indicator, then in the assurance, there was a significant influence resulting in the significance at < 0,05. Then, there was a significant influence either in educational level and origin of education
Rahasia Dagang (HaKI) dalam Etika Bisnis Syari’ah
Authors:   UIN Walisongo Semarang, Na’afi Septiana
Published: June 2022

Etika bisnis syari’ah membingkai unsur material-kuantitatif dan imaterial-kualitatif menjadi satu kesatuan dalam kegiatan usaha. Rahasia dagang yang dimiliki suatu perusahaan merupakan aset penting. Pelangaran rahasia dagang dapat dilakukan oleh orang dalam (organ perusahaan) atau oleh perusahaan kompetitor. Pelanggaran rahasia dagang tentu tidak diperkenankan dalam perspektif etika bisnis syari’ah. Kertas kerja ini akan menyoroti secara lebih jauh aspek pelanggaran rahasia dagang dalam perspektif etika bisnis syari’ah. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis. Pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh seluruh organ perusahaan dalam perspektif etika bisnis syari’ah memiliki keterkaitan langsung dengan unsur ketauhidan dan wajib mengamalkan unsur kejujuran, sikap amanah serta tidak khianat. Pelanggaran rahasia dagang yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan kompetitor menunjukan keterlanggaran lima aksioma dalam ilmu ekonomi Islam dan pelaksanaan Islamic Corporate Governance.
APLIKASI PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH DAN PENGELOLAAN RISIKO BMT (Studi Kasus di BMT An-Nawawi Purworejo)
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Widiyanto Hari
Published: June 2022

BMT termasuk salah satu dari LKS yang sedang berkembang di kalangan masyarakat menengah ke bawah bahkan pada golongan masyarakat menengah ke atas. Layanan/jasa BMT seringkali digunakan dan banyak diakses oleh masyarakat kecil yang membutuhkan dana untuk menjalankan suatu usaha (modal kerja), di mana BMT berperan sebagai mitra usaha dengan pembagian bagi hasil atau margin atau mark-up yang proporsional. Di dalam proses melakuakan pembiayaan mudharabah terdapat resiko-risiko yang harus ditangani oleh BMT AN-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo diantaranya adalah bussines risk, unusual bussines risk, disaster risk. Padahal BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo produk mudharabah adalah produk unggulan, hal ini dapat diatasi dengan jalan menentukan syarat-syarat tertentu yang harus dipenuhi oleh nasabah sebagai pengelola dana mudharabah. Pembiayaan bermasalah merupakan salah satu risiko besar yang ada di setiap dunia perbankan baik pada bank umum, bank syariah maupun pada BMT sekalipun tidak dapat terhindar dari risiko pembiayaan bermasalah. BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo tetap bisa mampu meyelesaikan masalah. Kerja sama, baik dalam Mudharabah adalah sesuatu yang sangat dianjurkan dalam Islam agar kita dapat saling membantu dalam menanggung risiko usaha tentu yang sesuai dengan syariah. Mudharabah yang termasuk salah satu jenis Kerjasama, yang saat ini memiliki banyak kendala dalam perkembangannya sehingga shahibul mal/bank enggan memakai skema kontrak ini.
PEMANFAATAN LUQAŢAH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM (Komparasi Mażhab Hanafi dan Syafi’i)
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Abidin Zaenal
Published: June 2022

Di era yang super cepat sekarang ini,banyak manusia yang tergesa-gesa dalam melakukan aktivitasnya. Tak jarang barang bawaan yangmereka bawa terjatuh dan bahkan hilang tanpa disadarai.Kemudianbarang yang hilang tersebut ditemukan oleh seseorang (al-multaqiţ)yang kemudian menyebabkan permasalahan penemuan barang,dibiarkan ataukah diambil.Kemudian timbul suatu permasalahan lagi jikabarang temuantelah diumumkan selama satu tahuntetapiternyata tidakdiketahui pemiliknya. Penelitian inimembahaspermasalahanpemanfaatanluqaţahkomparasi antaramażhabHanafi dan Syafi’i.Menggunakanstudi kepustakaandan bersifat deskriptif analitis,penelitian ini menggali mengenailuqaţah,mulai dari definisi, rukunbeserta jenis-jenisnya, sesuatu yang dilakukan padaluqaţahdanpemanfaatannya
PRAKTIK PENGELOLAAN DANA SIMPANAN INSANI DAN ZAMANI PADA BMT AN-NAWAWI BERJAN PURWOREJO DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM BISNIS SYARIAH
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Rahman Miftahur
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya produk penghimpunan dana di BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo yaitusimpanan insani dan zamani, akan tetapi yang paling banyak di minati oleh anggota/nasabah yaitu simpanan insani. Oleh karena itu peneliti ingin mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme pengelolaan dana simpanan insani dan zamani baik meliputi tentang pembukaan, penyetoran, perhitungan bagi hasil, penarikan dan penutupan simpanan insani dan zamani di BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: Mendeskripsikan praktik pengelolaan dana simpanan insani dan zamanipada BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo dalam Prespektif Hukum Bisnis Syariah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi penelitian di BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo. Key informan dalam penelitian ini Manajer BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo, perwakilan karyawan customer service dan pembukuan pengelolaan simpanan insani dan zamani serta perwakilan anggota simpanan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data interactive model meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Praktik pengelolaan dana simpanan insani dan zamani di BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejosesuai dengan hukum bisnis syariah. 2) BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejodalam hal simpanan insani dan zamani menggunakan akad mudhārabah. muthlaqoh, 3) Praktik pengelolaan simpanan insani dan zamani adalah merupakan melakukan kegiatan menyalurkan dana. Penyaluran dana yang dilakukan yaitu prinsip bagi hasil, pembiayaan bersama bagi hasil, prinsip jual beli, prinsip sewa, gadai, pinjaman. 4) Pengelolaan dana simpanan insani dan zamani memiliki kendala usaha. Kendala yang terjadi yaitu adanya siklus tahunan yang cukup berpengaruh terhadap likuiditas, belum adanya lembaga yang menjadi penyangga likuiditas, dan keraguan masyarakat di sekitar BMT An-Nawawi Berjan Purworejo tentang bagi hasil yang diterima oleh anggota simpanan, serta akad mudhārabah. muthlaqoh masih awam bagi masyarakat.
Kajian Literatur Implementasi Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren (PAP)
Authors:   STAI Al Husain Magelang, Yanuar Fuad
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan membantu menyampaikan Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren (PAP) yang dikeluarkan IAI dan BI sebagai suatu keberpihakan kedua lembaga itu terhadap perkembangan ekonomi pesantren dan untuk penyusunan laporan keuangan pesantren yang sesuai dengan standar akuntansi yang berlaku di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini dibahas tentang pos–pos akuntansi yang mungkin bisa digunakan dalam penyajian laporan keuangan pesantren berdasarkan Pedoman Akuntansi Pesantren dengan bahasa yang sederhana agar bisa bermanfaat bagi lingkungan pesantren dan tidak keluar dari PSAK No.45.
Dual Banking Systemdi Indonesiadalam Perspektif Politik Hukum Ekonomi Syari’ah
Authors:   Universitas Islam Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Roski Mukhlisha Dina
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis politik hukum ekonomi Syariah tentang dual banking system di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa landasan keberlakuan undang-undang yang mengatur Dual Banking System di Indonesia menggunakan undang-undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 dan undang-undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008, ynag merupakan pedoman bagi operasionalnya Dual Banking System. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi bank konvensional menerapkan Dual Banking System diperoleh dari faktor eksternal yang meliputi sosial, ekonomi, keagamaan, politik, meniru negara tetangga. Faktor internal terdapat pada filosofis pancasila dan perundang-undangan. Pengaruh politik sangat kental terhadap penerapan dual banking system di Indonesia, juga karena kondisi masyarakat Indonesia yang heterogen dan pluralisme.