bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verbs and Expressions of Calling a Person/Place/Thing in Old and Early Middle English Chronicles and Homilies
Authors: Ogura Michiko
Published: September 2023

There were many ways of calling or naming a person, a place, or other things in Old English: se wæs noe gehaten ‘he is called Noah’, Ioppe hatte sum burh ‘a city was called Joppa’, æt þæm beorge þe mon Athlans nemneð ‘at the mountain which they name (precisely, one names) Atlas’, þe Grecas nemnað paralysis. and we cweðað lyftadl ‘which the Greeks call paralysis, and we call palsy’, his nama is iohannes ‘his name is John’, etc. A clear difference in the use of these verbs and expressions of calling is found between chronicles and homilies. Also, when the contents that describe the same object or theme like false god or the deadly sins, lexical variations or flexible uses of verbs can further become obvious. The aim of this study is to exemplify a variety of expressions of calling found in Old and early Middle English texts, especially in chronicles and homilies, which show syntactic and stylistic continuity with some morphological and lexical alterations. Tables are given to show the choice of each verb form used in each text.
Influence of Posterior Tibial Slope on the Risk of Recurrence After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ryazantsev Mikhail S. , Logvinov Aleksey N. , Ilyin Dmitriy O. , Magnitskaya Nina E. , Zaripov Aziz R. , Frolov Alexander , Afanasyev Aleksey P. , Korolev Andrey V.
Published: September 2023

Background. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft rupture has multifactorial causes, with traumatic factors being the most prevalent. Modern literature presents conflicting data regarding the influence of the posterior tibial slope on the risk of traumatic ACL graft rupture.
Aim of the study to determine if there is a correlation between the posterior tibial slope and ACL graft injury in patients who have previously undergone ACL reconstruction.
Methods. This was a single-center cohort retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with a complete ACL rupture and who had undergone ACL reconstruction using standard techniques without graft rupture at the last follow-up. Inclusion criteria for the first group included a diagnosis of traumatic ACL rupture followed by reconstruction, a graft composed of semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (St+Gr), femoral fixation with a cortical button, tibial fixation with a sleeve and screw, and the absence of graft rupture at the time of the study. This group included 30 consecutive patients (15 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 36.3 years (min 17, max 59). Inclusion criteria for the second group included an indirect traumatic mechanism of ACL graft rupture and subsequent revision ACL reconstruction. This group consisted of 33 patients (23 males and 10 females) with a mean age of 33.0 years (min 19, max 60). The lateral (LPTS) and medial (MPTS) posterior tibial slopes were measured on lateral knee radiographs.
Results. The median time from surgery to the last follow-up in the first group was 65 months (IQR 60; 66), while in the second group, it was 48 months (IQR 9; 84). The median MPTS in the first group was 7.8 (IQR 5.3; 9.4), while in the second group, it was 8.5 (IQR 7.5; 11). The median LPTS in the first group was 9.9 (IQR 8.4; 12.1), whereas in the second group, it was 12.0 (IQR 9; 15.4). There was no statistically significant difference in MPTS and LPTS based on gender in both groups and the entire sample (p0.05). When comparing LPTS values between both groups, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04) was found, with higher LPTS values in patients in the second group (with ACL graft injury).
Conclusion. Increased posterior tibial slope, particularly LPTS, is identified as a potential predictor of ACL graft rupture. The study demonstrates the impact of LPTS on the risk of ACL graft rupture (p0.05) in cases of indirect traumatic injury.
Report on the first Combat Sports Special Interest Group meeting at the 28th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, and call for action
Authors: Franchini Emerson , Stavrinou Pinelopi S. , Nakamura Fábio Y. , Bogdanis Gregory
Published: September 2023

This short report describes the process of creating the Combat Sports Special Interest Group (CSSIG), its first meeting at the 28th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS, Paris 4-7 July, 2023), and to make a call for action for the next events. The first contact between the group that proposed the creation of the CSSIG was made after a session of the Annual Congress of the ECSS held in 2022, but the idea and format of the proposal was initiated in January 2023. After its approval the CSSIG set the topics for the first meeting. During the 2023 edition the ECSS event had eight special interest groups, including the CSSIG. The first meeting of the CSSIG included the presentation of its goals, and two short presentations: one related to combat sports athletes’ health, and the other on testing and training monitoring of judo athletes. The aim of the CSSIG is to establish a sustainable network fostering evidence-based research and practice of combat sports, in order to: (a) promote health and safety of combat sports participants, (b) enhance their performance, and (c) improve training and competition practices. Thus, this report is also a call for action for the next events.
The use of activated charcoal from corn cobs as adsorbent of heavy metals from groundwater
Authors: Ermadani  , Viviani Amalia , Yasdi  , Yanopa Shally , Suryanto  , Arsyad  , Ar  , Sarman
Published: September 2023

Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are heavy metals which are found in high concentration in highly weathered soils, especially in the tropics, resulting in high content of them in groundwater. These metals cause a distinctive odor, reddish brown, yellowish color, and high sediment. This condition could cause health problems when it is used as a source of drinking water. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of activated carbon from corn cobs in reducing the concentrations of Fe and Mn from groundwater adsorption. The adsorption process was performed by applying activated carbon with varying doses of 0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 1.5 g and 2 g into 100 ml groundwater. Variations of pH were pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, pH 5, pH 6, pH 7 and pH 8, and variations in contact time of 10, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The results showed that the optimum doses to reduce Fe and Mn concentration from groundwater were 1 g and 0.5 g with the adsorption efficiency of 70.14% and 41.60% respectively. The optimum pH for both Fe and Mn was pH 4 with an adsorption efficiency of 75.44% and 56.52% respectively, while the optimum contact times were 60 and 30 minutes with an adsorption efficiency of 75.44 dan 59.29% respectively.
A randomized single-blinded comparative experimental study to test the influence of timing of intravenous fluid therapy on maternal hemodynamics during lower segmental caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia
Authors: Babu Sinchu Mary , Jude Geo Navin , Devaprasath Renu
Published: September 2023

: Spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension can be prevented by several techniques and methodologies, which is very important as the life of the mother and fetus is at risk. This study compared the efficacy of crystalloid administration 6 hours and half an hour before spinal anaesthesia on reducing hypotension.

: After obtaining informed consent, 110 ASA 2 patients aged between 20 and 40 were scheduled for elective lower segmental caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1: Participants were kept nil per oral overnight, and Ringer's lactate was administered over half an hour before surgery. Group 2: participants were given ringer lactate. The amount was based upon the Holiday Segar formula (first 10 kg received 4ml/kg, 10-20 kg- 2ml/kg and remaining received 1 ml/kg) and given steadily over half an hour and 6 hours respectively in both groups. The incidence of hypotension and the need for rescue vasopressor in the two groups was recorded.

: The two groups were statistically comparable in terms of age, height and weight. The incidence of Hypotension in Group 1 was 12.7%, and in Group 2 was 25%, which was statistically insignificant. Seven out of 55 patients in Group 1 had SBP<20% from baseline, whereas in Group 2, 14 patients out of 55 patients had SBP <20% from baseline, which was statistically insignificant. The incidence of ephedrine usage was statistically insignificant in both groups.

: This study's results showed no statistically significant difference in preventing hypotension whether the fluids were given as 6 hours or half an hour before surgery. Therefore, to deliver preload of fluid, it is unnecessary to delay surgery.
Evaluation of efficacy of low dose IV ketamine for prevention of pain associated with IV propofol injection
Authors: Shewalkar Mohana Sharadchandra , Sangawar Medha Akhilesh , Shinde Puja Madhukar , Cham Soma Chandrashekharan , Shende Akshay Nagorao
Published: September 2023

Propofol is a widely used intravenous anaesthetic that is known to cause distressing local pain at the site of injection. Ketamine pretreatment is one of the methods proposed to attenuate Propofol injection pain due to its local anaesthetic properties.The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of low dose (100 mcg/kg) I.V. Ketamine in decreasing I.V. Propofol injection pain by using McCrirrick and Hunter scale.

72 adult patients of ASA Physical status 1 and 2 of either sex undergoing elective surgical procedure under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups.Group- A (n=36): Pre-treatment with Ketamine 100µg/kg (1ml) and Group- B (n=36): pre-treatment with 0.9% Normal Saline (1ml).

Comparison between group A and group B using McCrirrick and Hunter Evaluation Scale at 5,10 and 15 seconds intervals were statistically highly significant (p value<0.0001). None of the patients in group A experienced moderate or severe pain at all 3 intervals as compared to group B. McCrirrick and Hunter evaluation score mean values were also highly significant at all time intervals between both the groups. Hemodynamic parameters, EtCO and SpO were comparable between two groups. There was no incidence of any adverse effects in both the groups.

I.V. Ketamine in a dose of 100mcg/kg with tourniquet as pretreatment before Propofol was useful in significantly reducing the incidence and severity of pain without any adverse haemodynamic effect.
Comparison of landmark technique versus ultrasound guided technique for supraclavicular brachial plexus block in upper limb surgeries: A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Shilpashri A M  , Chikkanagoudar Seema
Published: September 2023

: Brachial plexus block is a widely used regional anaesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries, with regional techniques gaining popularity over general anaesthesia. Recent advancements in anatomical sonography have improved the understanding and application of ultrasound-guided techniques. Ultrasound enables accurate needle placement /and real-time monitoring of drug distribution, enhancing the effectiveness and safety of the procedure.

: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of supraclavicular brachial plexus block using the landmark technique and ultrasound-guided technique in terms of procedure time, onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, effectiveness of the block, and complication rate.

This prospective, randomized controlled study included 60 patients aged between 18 and 60 years, of either sex, belonging to ASA grade I and II, and undergoing elective or emergency upper limb surgeries (elbow, forearm, and hand surgeries). The patients were divided into two groups: Group LM (Landmark technique) and Group US (Ultrasound technique). Each patient received a supraclavicular brachial plexus block using either technique with 25ml of 0.5% ropivacaine, and relevant parameters were recorded.

: The success rate was higher in Group US compared to Group LM, and no complications were observed. The onset of blockade was significantly faster, and the duration of the block was longer with the ultrasound-guided technique compared to the landmark technique. However, the time taken to administer the block was longer with the ultrasound technique.

: Ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block is a safer technique with a higher success rate, providing more effective and prolonged block compared to the conventional landmark technique.
Comparison of ultrasound-guided versus conventional technique for caudal block in paediatric patients
Authors: Gupta Kanika , Agarwal Swati , Misra Rajesh
Published: September 2023

Caudal blocks have been recommended for surgical procedures mainly below umbilicus. Their use has increased in paediatric cases as they are easy to perform with low complication rates. There have been reports of this technique being performed as a sole anaesthetic in children who may not be a suitable candidate for general anaesthesia. This study was conducted with an aim to compare the traditionally used landmark guided technique of caudal block with ultrasound-guided technique in terms of intra-operative analgesia, haemodynamic parameters, time required to perform block and demand for rescue analgesia.

This prospective randomized comparative study was carried out in 68 paediatric patients divided in two study groups (Group C and Group U) undergoing elective lower gastrointestinal and genito-urinary tract surgeries over a period of two years in a tertiary care hospital.

The intra-operative haemodynamic parameters were comparable in both the groups. There was a significant increase in time taken to perform the block in Group U as compared to Group C (6.5 minutes v/s 15 minutes) (p-value <0.001). The success rate at first puncture was 52.2% in Group C and 47.8% in Group U. The majority of patients were relaxed and comfortable in the 1st hour post-operatively. The requirement of rescue analgesia in the post-operative period was comparable in both the groups.

The conventional technique is easier and less time consuming as compared to the ultrasound-guided technique, which is newer and the practitioner needs expertise. The quality of analgesia provided by both the techniques is comparable. The frequency of complications associated with the block are fewer with the ultrasound-guided approach. Ultrasonography is the modality of choice specially in cases where detection of sacral anatomy and landmarks is difficult. However, further studies are needed to establish the role of ultrasonography in performing caudal block.
Multimodal analgesia regime for open spine fixation surgery: A case series
Authors: Yadav Anshul , Swarnkar Nikhil
Published: September 2023

Postoperative pain is a common and significant problem that affects millions of patients worldwide. Inadequate pain control can lead to a range of negative outcomes, including prolonged hospital stays, delayed recovery, increased healthcare costs, and decreased patient satisfaction. Therefore, effective management of postoperative pain is essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare utilization. While progress has been made in improving postoperative pain management, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying postoperative pain and the most effective interventions for its management. Further research is needed to optimize pain management strategies and reduce the burden of postoperative pain on patients and healthcare systems.

Multimodal analgesia is an approach to pain management that uses a combination of medications and other interventions to effectively manage pain while minimizing side effects. The goal is to target pain at different points in the pain pathway, using different mechanisms of action, to achieve better pain control than could be achieved with a single medication alone. By using multiple medications that work through different mechanisms, a lower dose of each medication can be used, reducing the risk of side effects. The approach is often tailored to the individual patient, taking into account their medical history, the type of surgery or injury, and their level of pain. Overall, multimodal analgesia aims to improve pain control and patient outcomes while reducing the risk of adverse effects.
Perioperative management of thalassemia intermedia patient posted for major spine surgery – A case report
Authors: Jayaraman Gobinath , Sruthi K
Published: September 2023

Thalassemia patients are known to have abnormal haemoglobin structure and function because of genetic suppression of chains in haemoglobin molecule. These tend to lead to abnormal coagulation pathway and can cause excessive bleeding in the intra operative period. Hence, thalassemia patients are difficult and often considered as high-risk patients. Vigilant monitoring, early diagnosis and prompt treatment plays a vital role in the management and improving patient outcomes. This case illustrates a successful T4-T8 laminectomy and excision of extradural lesion in a patient with Thalassemia intermedia, pointing out the pathophysiologic considerations and discussing the means to reduce the perioperative risk. There have only been a few reports in the literature for the same and hence this article is intended to provide an overview of the anaesthetic management for a patient with thalassemia, focussing specifically on the blood conservation strategy for major spine surgeries. The particularities described in this case report may help other anaesthesiologists choose the best strategy when facing challenging patients similar to the one described.
Anaesthetic challenges in surgical enucleation of pancreatic insulinoma
Authors: Deb Prakash , Ahmed Jabed , Bhattacharyya Prithwis
Published: September 2023

Insulinoma is a very rare tumour occurring in 1-4 persons per million per year. It is a functional endocrine tumour of the pancreas characterized by repeated attacks of hypoglycaemia presenting as adrenergic or neuroglycopenic symptoms. Surgical management of insulinoma is the mainstay of treatment which can be done by either laparoscopic or open approach. There is occurrence of rapid and wide fluctuations of blood glucose levels in the intraoperative as well as perioperative period. Intraoperative hypoglycaemia is critical due to masking of symptoms by the effect of anaesthesia and if not detected and treated promptly may lead to permanent neurological insult. We here-in describe the challenges of anaesthetic management in a case of functional pancreatic insulinoma undergoing open surgical enucleation with the help of intraoperative ultrasonography.
Anaesthetic management of a patient with sickle cell disease: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Rajesh M C  , Syama G M  , Thomas Anu Mary , Jithin T N
Published: September 2023

Sickle cell anaemia is a haemoglobinopathy with an autosomal recessive inheritance. With the advent of advanced medical care, longevity of patients with sickle-cell disease has improved greatly. Our aim is to highlight the perioperative strategies to avoid complications due to the disease itself which can get exacerbated by moderate-high risk surgeries, hypoxia, dehydration, hypothermia, acidosis, vascular stasis and infection.
Anaesthetic management of a case of Ebstein’s anomaly undergoing a non cardiac surgery
Authors: Agarwal Aakash , Gupta Mohit , Gupta Nupur
Published: September 2023

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart disease characterized by apical displacement of the Tricuspid valve leaflets leading to Tricuspid Regurgitation. Here we report the successful management of a case of a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly who underwent Defunctioning Tranverse Colostomy. Given the complexity of Ebstein's anomaly and the potential for associated cardiac abnormalities, it is crucial to have a multidisciplinary team involved in the patient's care.
Soluções inovadoras para reduzir desigualdades educacionais
Authors: Sato Caio Kyoshi Costa , Lacerda Guilherme de Andrade , Cossi João , Aguiar Martim Ancona de F. B.
Published: September 2023

A educação é um direito universal. No entanto, a concretização desse direto é desigual entre regiões, entre zonas urbanas e rurais, entre raças e entre gêneros. O desafio para resolver, ou pelo menos diminuir, essa desigualdade é enorme; e a inovação pode ter um papel importante para acelerar esse processo. Essa nota técnica apresenta soluções inovadoras e custo efetivas, já testadas em outros países e com resultados comprovados. Essas inovações visam: (i) Atrair e manter os estudantes na escola para a conclusão de sua trajetória escolar; (ii) Promover um ambiente escolar adequado e conectado à vida dos estudantes; (iii) Proporcionar práticas pedagógicas equitativas; (iv) Atender os diferentes níveis de aprendizagem dos alunos; e (v) Otimizar a alocação de recursos (humanos e financeiros) no sentido pró-equidade.
Guía dinámica: cómo gestionar un proyecto de modernización de puestos de frontera en base al modelo de Gestión Coordinada en Fronteras: de la concepción a la implementación
Authors: Castrillo Morales Rosana , Méndez Erick
Published: September 2023

El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) diseña y brinda apoyo financiero y técnico a los países de la región de América Latina y el Caribe para la implementación de un modelo de Gestión Coordinada de Fronteras (GCF) fundamentado en el Marco Normativo para Asegurar y Facilitar el Comercio Mundial (SAFE) de la Organización Mundial de Aduanas (OMA). La modernización de los pasos de frontera incluye medidas de facilitación comercial y control fronterizo como el desarrollo de sistemas integrales de gestión de riesgos y de control de gestión, e inversiones en infraestructura y equipamiento tecnológico. El objetivo es fortalecer la competitividad del comercio externo, reduciendo tiempo y costos del tránsito, y buscando garantizar la coordinación eficiente y eficaz de los controles fiscales y parafiscales. Este documento incluye una recopilación de buenas prácticas y lecciones aprendidas de las experiencias en los países donde se han desarrollado y ejecutan programas de modernización de pasos de frontera.
Approach Paper: Stocktaking of Private Finance Mobilization at the IDB Group
Authors: Cuestas Ernesto , Andrade Sakaguchi Sumiko , Miranda Laura , Pérez Gabriela , Carbajo José , Lankes Hans-Peter , Linares Ana María
Published: September 2023

This approach paper defines the objective, scope, and methodology for the Office of Evaluation and Oversight's (OVE) stocktaking of Private Finance Mobilization (PFM) at the Inter-American Development Bank Group (IDBG or the Group). This work is included in OVE's 2022-2023 Work Program (document RE-574-1) to address the interest of the IDB and IDB Invest Executive Boards in exploring the Group's experience of mobilizing private finance. This stocktaking will be delivered at a time when the IDBG and its shareholders are looking for innovative ways to mobilize additional financing to support Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Furthermore, this exercise takes place in a context where the IDBG is developing its new institutional strategy, and IDB Invest is preparing a capitalization proposal, both to be delivered to Governors in the 2024 Annual Meeting.
Efectos de las tutorías para los tutores: evidencias de un proyecto de tutorías remotas en México, El Salvador y Guatemala
Authors: Hevia Felipe , Vergara-Lope Samana , Zoido Pablo , Székely Miguel , Almeyda Gonzalo
Published: September 2023

Las tutorías remotas son una de las estrategias que más impacto han mostrado para recuperar y acelerar aprendizajes, pero hay menos evidencia respecto de los efectos de las tutorías en los tutores. Este documento busca identificar estos efectos desde las percepciones y representaciones de los tutores.
Numerical study of mass and heat transport within a ceramic porous tank
Authors: Rzig Ramzi , Mnakri Minyar , Khedher Nidhal Ben
Published: September 2023

In porous media, the thermal transfer phenomenon is widely applied in diverse energy-intensive industrial processes. This research paper aims to elucidate the simultaneous transfer of mass and heat within a ceramic porous tank. To simulate these transport phenomena, a numerical method is developed: Control Volume Finite Element Method (CVFEM), in conjunction with the utilization of a free mesh generator called Gmsh. The study showcases numerous simulation results that depict the transport phenomenon, such as the three-dimensional evolution of three parameters (temperature, saturation and pressure) during the heating of the ceramic tank. By employing this numerical model, a more comprehensive comprehension of these transport phenomena can be achieved.
Sinemada Yapay Zekâ: Robotlarda Bilinç, Duygular ve Etik
Authors: DOĞAN Mehtap
Published: September 2023

Sinema ve felsefe insanın farklı düşünme biçimlerine ait iki ayrı alan gibi görülse de sinema çoğu zaman felsefi düşünüş ile kurguyu bir araya getiren kullanışlı bir araçtır. Bilim kurgu da bu anlamda özellikle yapay zekâ ve robotik çalışmalarında bir yandan ilham verici bir etkiye sahipken bir yandan da bu teknolojilerin seyrine ve doğasına dair felsefi sorgulamalara kapı aralamaktadır. Bu çalışmada yapay zekâ felsefesinin temel meseleleri olan yapay sistemlerde bilinç, duygulanım, ahlak gibi problematikler ile yapay zekâ ve etik ilişkisine dair tartışmaların Yapay Zekâ, Ex Machina ve Ben Anneyim filmlerindeki izleri ele alınmaktadır. Bu hususta, film içinde felsefe yaklaşımından hareketle, bu problemlere dair felsefi argümanların ilgili filmler içerisinde ele alınışı hem ayrı ayrı hem de karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Yapay zekâ ve robotiğe yönelik bilim kurgusal bakış açısı ile felsefi bakış açısı arasındaki çift yönlü etkileşim ile ortaya konulan tablo üzerinden yapay zekâ sistemlerinin zihinsel potansiyeli ve etik boyutları açıklanmaya çalışılırken, bilincin ahlaki sorumluluğa yönelik ayırt edici rolü tartışmaya açılmaktadır. Makaleye konu olan filmlerin ortak özelliği seyirciye sunmuş oldukları robot figürlerinin duyarlı, duygulu, bilinçli ve aslında ikna edici ölçüde insani görünmesidir. Bu çalışmada, insani robotların tükenen insan neslinin yerini aldığı gelecek tasavvurları sunan bu üç film üzerinden insan-makine ilişkisinin doğasına ve geleceğine yönelik bir analiz sunulurken, felsefi düşünce ve sinematik kurgunun kesiştiği görüşler açığa kavuşturulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Nurses' mental well-being levels and their influencing factors
Authors: Atmaca Palazoglu Cansu , Koç Zeliha
Published: September 2023

This research was carried out as a descriptive study to determine the mental well-being levels of nurses and the factors affecting them. The research was carried out between 01/04/2023-07/04/2023 with the participation of 190 nurses working in a university hospital. The data were collected by using a 22-question information form, prepared by the researcher in line with the literature, which determines the sociodemographic and working life characteristics of the nurses, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median (min-max), Kruskal Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test, One-Way Analysis of Variance, and Independent Sample t-test were used for data analysis. In line with the findings obtained from this study, the mental well-being levels of nurses were determined at a moderate level. It is recommended that mental well-being-based interventions should be planned to support nurses mentally, as it will contribute to the development of their professional skills and their daily lives.

Keywords: Mental well-being; nurse; psychological well-being; well-being.
Determination of nurses' attitudes toward ethical principles in the clinical environment
Authors: Atmaca Palazoglu Cansu , Koç Zeliha
Published: September 2023

This research was carried out as a descriptive study to determine the attitudes of nurses toward ethical principles in the clinical setting. The research was carried out between 08/04/2023 and 14/04/2023 with the participation of 203 nurses working in a university hospital. The data were collected using a 22-question introductory information form prepared by the researcher in line with the literature and the Ethical Principles Attitude Scale. The conformity of the data to normal distribution was evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median (min-max), Kruskal Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. In line with the findings obtained from this study, nurses' attitudes towards ethical principles were determined at a high level. It is recommended that nurses' awareness of the importance of ethical principles in the clinical environment should be increased in their professional education and postgraduation continuing education programs.

Keywords: Clinical environment; ethics; ethical principles; nurse.
Determining nursing students' moral distress levels
Authors: Tufan Satu , Koç Zeliha
Published: September 2023

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the level of moral distress among nursing students. The study was conducted between April 17 and April 20, 2023, with the participation of 150 students studying in the nursing department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire designed by the researchers based on the literature and the Moral Distress Scale for Nursing Students. The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median, and frequency (in percent), t-test, ANOVA test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. This study found that the intensity and frequency of moral stress among nursing students were not high. In line with the findings, it is recommended that ethics education be provided to nursing students, teaching them how to deal with unethical behavior they encounter in the clinical setting, and raising the awareness of nursing educators to support students' development.

Keywords: Distress; moral distress; morality student; nurses; nursing.
Factors affecting the perception of human dignity of nursing students
Authors: Tufan Satu , Koç Zeliha
Published: September 2023

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the perception of human dignity among nursing students. The study was conducted between 14 April and 17 April 2023 with 191 students studying in the nursing department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university who had agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire designed by the researchers on the literature and Scale of Human Dignity Perception and Understanding in Nursing. The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median and frequency (in percent), Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Walli’s test, and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. In this study, it was found that student nurses had a high level of understanding and perception of human dignity.  In line with the findings, it is recommended that student nurses' behaviors and attitudes be supported to provide care by ethical principles and values by respecting individuals' values and differences.

Keywords: Human dignity; nursing; nursing students; values.
Determining the perception of nursing diagnosis by nurses working in a state hospital
Authors: Çağa Abdullah , Kaya Gülşah , Erdoğan Tuğba Kavalalı , Sağlam Zeynep , Koc Zeliha
Published: September 2023

The use of nursing diagnoses plays an important role in assessing nursing outcomes, improving patients' quality of life, and developing nursing practices. This study aimed to determine the perception of nursing diagnoses by nurses working in a government hospital. The study was conducted with 170 nurses working in a government hospital who were willing to participate in the study. Data were collected using a 24-question questionnaire that captured the socio-demographic and work-life characteristics of the nurses and the nursing diagnosis perception scale. This scale consists of 26 Likert-type items. A minimum of 1 and a maximum of 5 points can be scored on the scale. A low total score on the scale indicates that nurses perceive nursing diagnoses positively. Percentile calculation, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U-test, t-test, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used to analyze the data. In this study, results showed that nurses have a moderately positive perspective on perceiving nursing diagnoses.

Keywords: Nurse; nursing care; nursing diagnoses; perception
Penerapan Metode Segmentasi Gabor Filter Dan Algoritma Support Vector Machine Untuk Pendeteksian Penyakit Daun Tomat
Authors: Habibullah Muhamad , Fahmi Hisyam , Herawati Erna
Published: September 2023

This research discusses about processing a formulation that we can give to diseased tomato leaves. Gabor Filter is a method used to detect textures using frequency and orientation parameters. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is an algorithm that can be used classifying tomato leaf diseases. The purpose of this research is to determine the accuracy of the Gabor Filter segmentation and the Support Vector Machine Algorithm for detecting tomato leaf disease to facilitate farmers in analyzing diseases on tomato leaves. The input will go through pre-processing of RGB pixels to Greyscale ones before being processed using Gabor Filter. This Gabor Filter process segments the image to produce a magnitude value. The results of the image magnitude values here will be seen and will enter the classification process using SVM. The SVM algorithm aims to find the best hyperlane on tomato leaves that have been segmented to separate classes in the input space. The application of the SVM method with class classification of tomato leaves by calculating the energy value and entropy of the extraction results, assisted by 12 features, namely: CiriR, Feature G, FeatureB, Standard DeviationR, Standard DeviationG, Standard DeviationB, SkewnessR, SkewnessG, SkewnessB, Mean, Energy, Entropy are used to the simplity classification process with a high degree of accuracy. The process of classification of tomato leaf disease with test data of 600 images managed to get an accuracy value of 74.1667%. In order to facilitate the performance of farmers in predicting tomato leaf disease.
Penggabungan Metode Vigènere Cipher dan ElGamal Pada Pengamanan Pesan Rahasia
Authors: Ludyawati Ludyawati , Khudzaifah Muhammad , Herawati Erna
Published: September 2023

Vigènere Cipher is a symmetric cryptographic algorithm that uses the same type of key in the encryption and decryption process. The security of the Vigènere Cipher method lies in the modulo calculation used. ElGamal is an asymmetric cryptographic algorithm that uses two different types of keys in the encryption and decryption process. The security of the ElGamal algorithm lies in the complexity of calculating large prime numbers. The Vigènere Cipher and ElGamal have their advantages and disadvantages. The researchers are interested in combining the advantages of the two methods. In this study, two locks were carried out in the encryption and decryption process. The encryption process uses a public key and the decryption process uses a public key  and a secret key . The key used comes from key formation using the ElGamal algorithm. The key security formed from the ElGamal algorithm lies in the large prime , the primitive root  of the prime number , and the random integer  which comes from the last three digits of Student Number. The conclusion of this study is that the combination of the Vigènere Cipher and ElGamal methods can increase the security of  secret messages because it produces a ciphertext with twice the size ) of  the original message.
Mercado y Región
Authors: Acuña Rodríguez Blanca Ofelia , Acuña Rodríguez Olga Yanet , Fernández Samacá Martha , Bonnett Vélez Diana , Guzmán Ávila José Napoleón , López Estupiñán Laura
Published: September 2023

Este libro nos ilustra sobre el papel articulador de los mercados en distintos periodos de la Historia de Colombia; se parte de las continuidades y cambios que se produjeron en la distribución y circulación de los productos indígenas en el altiplano Cundiboyacense con la llegada de los españoles en el siglo XVI, el establecimiento de los mercados hispanos instaurados en las ciudades durante el periodo colonial, los siglos XX y XXI. Igualmente, se plantean elementos para comprender cómo los mercados y la circulación de productos contribuyeron con la integración social, económica y política, y en la configuración de espacios regionales de los Andes colombianos en los periodos colonial y republicano, y, en México a comienzos del siglo XX.El texto está compuesto por seis capítulos de distintos autores, que ilustran procesos de funcionamiento del mercado o la circulación de productos en entornos locales y regionales, en la actual zona central del territorio colombiano, y un caso mexicano sobre el abasto y monopolio de carne a comienzos del siglo XX. Cada una de estas investigaciones está sustentada en fuentes primarias, tanto de archivos regionales y nacionales, como de prensa o entrevistas directas a los actores sociales, situadas en el periodo histórico que aborda el investigador en su texto.
Producción de sal e interacción social en la provincia de Tunja
Authors: Acuña Rodríguez Blanca Ofelia
Published: September 2023

El estudio de la sal en la provincia de Tunja permitió comprender los procesos de transición y adaptación que se generaron entre españoles e indígenas en el siglo XVI, por el acceso y control de la producción y circulación de la sal, producto de limitado acceso, pero indispensable en la dieta de los seres humanos.A través de este libro se pretende dar cuenta de las continuidades, cambios y transformaciones que se generaron con el proceso de producción y distribución de sal en la provincia de Tunja, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. Se muestra cómo con la llegada y establecimiento de los españoles en los territorios descubiertos, se produjeron cambios en la distribución del espacio, en el acceso a los recursos que antes eran de propiedad de los indígenas, en los mercados o intercambios de productos.Durante el proceso de colonización, para el caso que nos ocupa siglo XVI, la sal dejó de ser un producto determinante en la configuración de las relaciones de integración de las comunidades indígenas, se convirtió en mercancía y adquirió un valor de cambio, que permitió hacer transacciones económicas en mercados locales y regionales entre españoles e indígenas.
Manual de prácticas de laboratorio en microbiología veterinaria
Authors: Andrade Becerra Roy José , Pérez Rubiano Claudia , Vargas Abella Julio César
Published: September 2023

Este manual de prácticas de laboratorio en microbiología veterinaria exhibe algunos temas de alta relevancia para la clínica veterinaria. Aborda asuntos recurrentes en el área, como la toma y envío de  muestras al laboratorio, su procesamiento y la interpretación de los resultados, para dar un tratamiento oportuno y acertado a los pacientes. Se escogieron dieciséis temas comunes y significativos para nuestra casuística diaria, que son del interés de los profesionales y estudiantes de la medicina veterinaria en Colombia. El principal valor académico de este manual es su originalidad en los textos, tablas y fotos, que son propiedad de los autores, consecuencia de un proceso de recopilación o reestructuración de la experiencia y de los casos que llegan al laboratorio. El manual se estructura de  una manera lógica, en un lenguaje comprensible, sencillo e ilustrado, para los futuros profesionales. La idea nació del trabajo cotidiano desarrollado en la clínica –el campo donde se mueven los  profesionales– y el laboratorio, desde allí se propone integrar el conocimiento en un texto que resulte útil para sus consultas diarias. Indiscutiblemente, el aporte es significativo para resolver problemas y despejar dudas de una forma didáctica, ilustrativa y entretenida.
Online Student Engagement: The Overview of HE in Indonesia
Authors: Kristiana Ika Febrian , Prihatsanti Unika , Simanjuntak Ermida , Widayanti Costrie Ganes
Published: September 2023

The use of technology in higher education learning has been shown to increase student engagement. However, how its application can increase student engagement is still largely unreported in Indonesia, especially during and after COVID-19, when online learning was used massively and suddenly. This study aims to examine students’ engagement with online learning using a sequential explanatory mixed-method study design that is expected to produce in-depth information. The study involved a number of n = 775 students, with 149 participants who identified themselves as male (19.3%) and 626 participants who identified themselves as female (80.7%). The age range of the participants was 18 to 22 years (M-age = 20.12). Quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive tests and ANOVA variance tests, while qualitative data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis. Integration of quantitative and qualitative data analyses results was conducted using a joint display approach. The results showed that 94.45% (n = 732) of students had low engagement scores. Gender and field of study were found to have no effect on the level of student engagement in online learning (F 1,775 = 3.259, p = .071, η2 = .004). Data integration results showed that online learning reduces emotional attachment, participation, and performance, although it does not reduce students’ skill engagement. Based on student experience, online learning is considered less effective than in-person learning. Students with higher self-regulation show engagement in online learning. The online learning model needs an effective formula for increasing student engagement, in addition to help students develop self-regulation skills.
Effects of Using the WhatsApp Application on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning and Autonomy
Authors: Janfeshan Kamran , Nader Sharhan Asmaa , Janfeshan Mohamad Mahdi
Published: September 2023

The current study was planned to find out if the use of blended learning as a combination of face-to-face instruction and mobile-assisted language learning using WhatsApp contributed to the vocabulary learning and autonomy of Iranian EFL learners compared to the traditional method. To assess their English skills, PET was given to 80 homogenous intermediate learners at the beginning of the study. The study's intended participants were fifty EFL learners with scores that were within the intermediate competency level. Then, the participants were divided randomly to experimental and control groups to see how successful blended learning vs traditional education is at improving learners' vocabulary knowledge. One-way between-groups analysis of covariance was run. On post-test scores, the findings indicated a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Another one-way between-groups analysis of covariance was performed to assess the impact of two distinct blended learning vs traditional teaching treatments on EFL learners' autonomy. In post-test results, a significant difference between the control and experimental groups' performance was observed. This study provided insights into how technology may be applied to teach language components and skills.
RESULTS OF PALYNOLOGICAL AND PALEOCARPOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF THE LATE NEOPLEISTOCENE INTERGLACIAL AND PERIGLACIAL DEPOSITS (EAST TYVA HIGHLANDS, SERLIGKHEM INTERMOUNTAIN BASIN)
Authors:   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia, Mikharevich M. V. , Prudnikov S. G. ,   Tuvinian Institute for Exploration of Natural Resources SB RAS, Kyzyl, Russia
Published: September 2023

The last Late Pleistocene glaciation deposits of the tongue-like basin, as well as an interglacial alluvium overlapped by glaciofluvial have been studied on the basis of application of palynological and paleocarpological methods of analysis in the basin of the middle course of the Yenisei River. The tongue-like basin deposits were compared with those previously studied by researchers in headwaters of the Kharal River (Azas glacial complex), formed according to OSL dates in the interval of the end of MIS-3–MIS-2. Fluvioglacial overlapping an interglacial alluvium is compared with the same glacial complex. A rather large scattering of absolute dates, some of which fall within the last Neopleistocene thermochron, palynological and paleocarpological complexes from glacial deposits characterizing the stage of glaciation degradation, raise the question of independence of the second Late Neopleistocene one. Further geochronological study of the interglacial alluvium section is proposed to clarify the lower time boundary of the Azas shield glacier.
POSSIBILITIES OF SEISMIC EXPLORATION IN STUDYING THE FOLDED STRUCTURE OF ANTHRACITES (GORLOVSKY BASIN)
Authors:   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kanareykin B. A. , Salnikov A. S. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia, Napreev D. P. ,   Scientific-Production Enterprise of Geophysical Equipment Looch, Novosibirsk, Russia, Mosyagin E. V. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia, Goshko E. Yu. ,   Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novisibirsk State Tecknical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the results of experimental and methodological seismic and electrical exploration along the profile crossing the productive formation of coal seams in the Gorlovsky anthracite basin (Doroginskoye deposit, Shadrinsky block). The obtained CDP time cross sections indicate the possibility of displaying some elements of the folded structure of thick anthracite seams in the wave field at depths up to 300-350 m. Seismic tomography with the use of first arrivals of longitudinal waves allows scientists to reconstruct in detail the velocity structure of the near-surface part of the section to depths of 120-150 m and to identify low-velocity local objects corresponding to the upper edges of the thickest coal members in the upper part of Permian deposits.
ASSESSMENT OF BALANCE RESERVES OF THE RAW MATERIAL BASE OF COKING COALS
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Coal and Сoal Chemistry SB RAS, Kemerovo, Russia, Shaklein S. V. , Pisarenko M. V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Coal and Сoal Chemistry SB RAS, Kemerovo, Russia
Published: September 2023

The paper reviewed the brand structure of balance reserves of coking coals (A+B+C1+C2- – grade reserves) of distributed and undistributed subsoil funds in Russia, including the possible method of their extraction. It is shown that more than half of the balance reserves (52%) and bulk of reserves of especially valuable coking coal grades for open-pit mining are already in the distributed subsoil fund and are being actively developed. The undistributed subsoil fund contains 54% of reserves of highly valued grades, the mining of which is mainly (97%) possible only underground. Assessment of the brand structure of balance reserves from the position of forming an optimal coal charge indicates an imbalance in the raw material base - deficit of coking coal grades (K, KO and OС) and inert additive (KC) both in distributed and undistributed subsoil funds, and only about 30% of reserves fully meet the condition of balance. The volume assessment of the coking coal production from the position of forming an optimal coal charge to meet the domestic needs of the country indicates an excessively intensive development of the coking base coal reserves, that may lead to exhaustion of the distributed reserve fund of these coals in the near future (about 20 years).
ABOUT NOVOSIBIRSK OIL
Authors:   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zapivalov N. P.
Published: September 2023

The paper considers the problems of development and depletion of oil fields in the north of Novosibirsk region, as well as the history of their discovery. The author proposes to create a research oil testing facility in this area.