bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inorganic Composites Luminophors in Lithium-Borate Glasses with Rare-Earth Elements for White-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tepikina Anna V. , Vlasova Svetlana G.
Published: August 2021

The paper describes the synthesis of novel luminescent composite system, based on lithium-borate glass matrix with addition of rare-earth elements and yttrium-aluminum garnet finely divided powder. The new chemical composition of glass has been selected, composite’s fabrication technology was developed, the temperature conditions of glass and luminophore sintering as well. The spectral characteristics of the obtained luminescent composites are measured, and chromaticity diagrams are considered. The radiation spectra showed a maximum of about 560 nm, the maximum spectral intensity of the radiation is about 90 μw/cm2/nm. Powerful energy saving source of white light was produced.
Fastness of Protective and Decorative Coatings Construction Products and Structures to the Action of Wind
Authors: Loganina Valentina I. , Al Saedi Bassam Shareef Deneef
Published: August 2021

The article provides information about the stress state protective and decorative coatings during aging. The influence of the discrete nature of the substrate on the change in the stress state of the coatings from the action of the wind load is considered. It was revealed that for each type of coating there is its own critical value of the pore size (unfilled paint), the excess of which leads to cracking of the coatings. A method is proposed for selecting the optimal coating thickness.
Improving Water Resistance of Magnesium Binding Substances by the Introduction of Mineral Fillers
Authors: Zyryanova Valentina N. , Lytkina Evgeniya V. , Ochur-Ool Arzana P.
Published: August 2021

Magnesia binders provide strength to the stone, but have one drawback-low resistance and salt resistance. Increasing water and salinity tolerance, mechanical strength of the hardening magnesia binders can be achieved by introducing the system of micro-aggregates. The quality criteria that determine the activity of the micro filler are: high chemical resistance to water, aggressive media, high mechanical strength. Among the effective microfillers composite magnesia binders include diopside, wollastonite. It is shown that the introduction of 60-80 wt%. wollastonite or diopside with a specific surface of 2000-3500 cm2/g provides significant improvement in strength and water resistance that allows you to lengthen the lifespan and maintain the required quality of products based on composite of magnesia binders.
Strains under Angular Pressing of a Strip from a Cylindrical Billet
Authors: Loginov Yu.N. , Zamaraeva Yuliya V. , Komkova Dar'ya A.
Published: August 2021

The scheme of non-equal channel angular pressing (non-ECAP) of a magnesium billet has been analyzed. The modeling was performed by DEFORM-2D software. A high level of strain is shown to be achieved during non-ECAP. It leads to more homogenous structure refinement of magnesium and plasticity improvement that could favorably affect the subsequent deformation of a Mg-strip by cold rolling. At non-ECAP-process, the upper part of the strip is noted to be hardened more than the lower one. The lower part is supposed to be formed by extensional strain mainly, meanwhile for the upper one, the prime mechanism is likely to be shear strain. Based on hardness measurement of the samples cut from the obtained Mg-strip, conclusions have been made about the influence of the accumulated strain during non-ECAP on the strength properties of the strip.
Glass-Crystalline Materials of a Cellular Structure, Formed by Vibration Foaming Technology
Authors: Beregovoi Vitaly A. , Sorokin Dmitry S. , Beregovoi Aleksandr M.
Published: August 2021

A method for producing cellular materials on a glass-crystalline matrix has been developed. The formation of a porous structure is ensured by the process of gas formation, combined with a vibration effect on the raw mass. The possibility of gaining the plastic strength of the raw mass, sufficient for fixing the cellular structure of the raw material without adding binders, has been established. The main component of the raw material mixture is a finely ground filler, obtained after grinding glass-crystalline frit of a specially selected composition. For its formation pre-compacted raw masses, containing natural silica and glass-forming additives, are heated. There was investigated the joint influence of the compositions formulation and the roasting parameters on the properties indicators of the glass composite.
Polymer and Geocomposite Impervious Screen Reliability Assessment
Authors: Masnyj Roman S. , Vasilev Sergej M. , Baev Oleg A.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the operational reliability and technical efficiency assessment of polymer (geomembranes) and geocomposite (bentonite mats) impervious channel coating developed designs. Criteria for impervious channel screen reliability and technical efficiency are proposed based on the domestic and foreign experience generalization in the composite materials use and conducted efficiency studies in terms of water permeability, strength, efficiency, and durability. Two options of developed highly efficient structures for polymer and geocomposite channel linings are presented. The graph of change in screen failure-free operation probability was obtained based on the impervious screen failure-free operation probability calculation results, depending on the survey areas and the failure amount.
Application of Thermodynamic Modeling for Optimization of the Composition of Nanostructured Low-Alloyed Hafnium Bronzes by High-Pressure Torsion
Authors: Stolbovsky Alexey V. , Shirshova Polina Y.
Published: August 2021

According to the results of thermodynamic calculations, it has been determined that the usage of alloys with Hf content near to its maximum possible value solubility in the copper matrix is not appropriate. It is more appropriate to use alloy compositions with lower Hf content. With the help of calculations and analysis of experimental data, it has been established that in order to ensure the thermal stability of SPD-formed structures it is sufficient to obtain a concentration of dissolved in copper matrix Hf of about 0.01 at.%. It has also been shown that the average grain size formed by the SPD is a determining factor in the strength properties of these alloys; an increasing Hf concentration in the copper matrix is not always a condition for higher hardness values. However, higher concentrations of dissolved hafnium in the copper matrix will determine the higher mechanical characteristics of precipitation hardening of the alloys after heat treatment.
Study of the Main Reasons for the Consumption of Graphite Electrodes in Electric Arc Steel Furnaces
Authors: Klukvin Oleg V. , Savchenko Anastasia K. , Alibagandov Alibagand O.
Published: August 2021

Graphite electrodes are widely used in various industries, especially metallurgy. Their key features include inertness to most process environments, and electrical conductivity. However, there are a number of problems due to the peculiarities of the operating conditions. Graphite materials have good inertness towards gases, liquids and solids, as well as high electrical conductivity. In metallurgy, graphite electrodes are used in steel-making furnaces to supply electrical energy to the working space of the furnace. The article analyzes the main reasons for the consumption of graphite electrodes, both in normal and emergency situations. In the conclusion of the article, analyzes are made based on the results of graphite electrodes breakdowns.
A Review on Current Development of Animal Bone-Based Sorbent for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water and Wastewater
Authors: Martini Sri , Roni Kiagus Ahmad , Kharismadewi Dian , Yuliwaty Erna
Published: August 2021

This review article presents the usage of various animal bones such as chicken bone, fish bone, pig bone, camel bone, and cow bone as reliable biosorbent materials to remove heavy metals contained in contaminated water and wastewater. The sources and toxicity effects of heavy metal ions are also discussed properly. Then specific insights related to adsorption process and its influential factors along with the proven potentiality of selected biosorbents especially derived from animal bone are also explained. As the biosorbents are rich in particular organic and inorganic compounds and functional groups in nature, they play an important role in heavy metal removal from contaminated solutions. Overall, after conducting study reports on the literature, a brief conclusion can be drawn that animal bone waste has satisfactory efficacy as effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly sorbent material.
Preparation of Calcium Citrate Malate Using Citric Acid and Malic Acid with Calcium Hydroxide Synthesized from Duck Eggshell
Authors: Delos-Reyes Ronald Allan S. , Mecaydor Marc Andre D. , Pesito Angelu R. , Razon Mariah Shaira A.
Published: August 2021

This research work presents an optimum setting at which the production of calcium citrate malate would have the highest yield. The factors that were varied are temperature and the concentrations of citric acid and malic acid. Duck eggshells were used as the source of calcium. The temperature settings were at room temperature (25°C) and at 80°C, the concentrations of citric acid at 1.5 M and 1.7 M and that of malic acid at 2.2 M and at 2.5 M. Using 23 factorial design of experiment (8 settings), the main effects and the interaction effects were plotted to derive an empirical model to predict the yield of calcium citrate malate. Furthermore, a comparison of x-ray diffraction graphs was conducted to evaluate the final product.
Sustainable Fabrication Technology of Composite Board by Kenaf-Polypropylene for Automobile Door Interior Applications
Authors: Anggraini Lydia , Anjany Adelya
Published: August 2021

Polypropylene resins have been enfolded with the automotive industry and suppliers to produce several spare parts. This is aimed at achieving zero emissions, kenaf plant which in Latin is Hibiscus Cannabinus is a natural fiber replacement resin. Natural fiber composites come in many different types, but kenaf has been exploited extensively over the last few years. The pre-board flow process of kenaf-polypropylene starts from mixing kenaf about 40% with 60% polypropylene, forming a pre-mat as the first output, entering the main treatment with the hot press into pre-board as the final output. Kenaf-polypropylene door trim is very absorbent of CO2, which is related to natural fiber base material. Door trim with kenaf-polypropylene as the base material reduces the weight by about 30% of the previous polypropylene resin and still provides high rigidity even at a reduced weight. The entire process is requiring 48382.4 kWh / month per cycle of total power consumption.
Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Tumor Cells Promote the Generation of Suppressive Monocytes
Authors: Luong Nhungoc , Lenz Jennifer A , Modiano Jaime F , Olson Julie K
Published: August 2021

Monocytes are among the first cells to infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. The conversion of monocytes to suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment is crucial in evasion of the immune response and tumor maintenance. Tumor cells may secrete products that promote the conversion of monocytes to suppressor cells. Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing cargos of genetic materials and proteins as a way to communicate with neighboring cells. During pathologic conditions like cancers, tumor cells increase their EVs production containing microRNA, RNA, and proteins that may affect the immune cell response, contributing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Our studies show that EVs secreted by a wide range of murine tumor cells, including osteosarcoma, glioma, colon carcinoma, sarcoma, and melanoma, can be taken up by bone marrow–derived monocytes. The monocytes that took up the EVs secreted by tumor cells matured toward an immune-suppressive phenotype by upregulating the expression of suppressive cytokines and effector molecules. The monocytes also downregulated MHC class II and costimulatory molecules while increasing the expression of PD-L1 on their surface after taking up EVs from tumor cells. Most importantly, monocytes exposed to EVs secreted by tumor cells suppressed activated Ag-specific CD4+ T cells. These results show that tumor cells from several different tumor types secrete EVs which promote the conversion of monocytes into suppressor cells, thus promoting immune evasion. These studies suggest that EVs secreted by tumors are potentially a new target for future cancer therapy.
Altered Biomechanics in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability Compared With Copers and Controls During Gait
Authors: Lee Inje , Ha Sunghe , Chae Seongok , Jeong Hee Seong , Lee Sae Yong
Published: August 2021

Context

Given that motions of 1 segment affect those of an adjacent segment, the authors of biomechanical studies must thoroughly investigate the kinematics and kinetics of the proximal joints (hip and knee) as well as the ankle joints in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, few researchers have investigated the altered movement strategies of the lower extremities of patients with CAI compared with lateral ankle-sprain (LAS) copers and control participants throughout the full gait cycle of walking and jogging.

Objective

To evaluate lower extremity biomechanical differences in patients with CAI, LAS copers, and control individuals during gait.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

Controlled laboratory setting.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 54 participants, consisting of 18 patients with CAI (age = 24.6 ± 2.8 years, height = 173.0 ± 8.0 cm, mass = 67.8 ± 14.6 kg), 18 LAS copers (age = 26.0 ± 4.6 years, height = 173.4 ± 7.5 cm, mass = 66.9 ± 10.3 kg), and 18 control individuals (age = 26.2 ± 2.3 years, height = 172.2 ± 8.2 cm, mass = 63.3 ± 11.2 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremity during walking and jogging.

Results

The CAI group exhibited dorsiflexion deficits and more inverted ankles compared with the LAS coper and control groups during walking and jogging. In addition, the LAS coper group generated greater knee internal-rotation moments than did the CAI group during jogging. The other variables did not differ among groups.

Conclusions

Participants with CAI demonstrated altered biomechanics, which need to be addressed via intervention programs.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in a University Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Inwang Imaobong O. , Umoh Augustine V. , Abasiattai Aniekan M. , Onwuezobe Ifeanyi A.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) has been documented as the main risk factor for the development of symptomatic urinary tract infection in pregnancy and is associated with maternal and fetal complications.

Objective:

To determine the ASB prevalence, the causative microorganisms, their drug sensitivity patterns, and the factors associated with its occurrence in pregnant women in the Uyo, Nigeria.

Methodology:

Three hundred and twenty women were recruited during their first antenatal visit over a period of 13 weeks. A midstream urine specimen was obtained from each patient, cultured, isolates identified and antimicrobial sensitivity done. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

Results:

The ASB prevalence was 9.1% with the two commonest identified isolates being Escherichia coli (41.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.1%). Imipenem (100.0%) and gentamycin (37.9%) were the two most sensitive drugs. The association between respondents' educational level and the occurrence of ASB was significant statistically.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of ASB was relatively high among the respondents. This, therefore, emphasizes the need for routine screening of our antenatal female population for ASB in all our health facilities.
Pattern of Molecular Phenotypes of Breast Carcinomas using Immunohistochemistry in a District Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Ezike Kevin Nwabueze , Raphael Solomon , Okonkwo Damian Ikechukwu , Okwudire-Ijeh Ijeoma Ahunna
Published: August 2021

Background:

Cancer of the breast is the most common organ-specific cancer, affecting women worldwide with disproportionately higher mortality seen among women of Africa ancestry. Molecular phenotyping is crucial for tailored treatment of such patients.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to describe the molecular phenotypes of carcinomas of the breast based on their oestrogen, progesterone, and HER-2/Neu receptors status in our centre.

Design:

This was a retrospective analysis of 136 histologically diagnosed breast carcinomas, for which oestrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors status data were available at the Pathology Unit in a Nigerian District Hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Relevant biodata and pathology and molecular information of all patients with histologically diagnosed breast cancer (BC) were extracted from patients' forms and reports archived in the department. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 136 (54.4%) cases of the BCs utilizing the avidin-biotin complex technique.

Results:

The ages of the patients ranged from 17 to 74 years, and the mean age was 47.3 ± 11.7 at diagnosis. All affected patients were females except for a male teenager. oestrogen, progesterone, and HER-2/Neu receptor-positive breast carcinomas were 43.4% (59), 39% (53), and 27.2% (37), respectively. Triple-negative breast carcinoma (39%, 53/136) was the most prevalent phenotype, followed by Luminal A (33.8%, 46/136) and Luminal B (14.7%, 20/136), while HER2-enriched (12.5%, 17/136) was the least common molecular subtype in our series.

Conclusion:

Breast carcinomas are predominantly of the triple-negative molecular phenotype in our setting and commonly affected young women.
Determinants of Low Back Pain among Health-Care Providers in a Federal Tertiary Hospital in Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi Paul Oladapo , Deji Samson Ayo , Adewoye Kayode Rasaq , Atoyebi OA , Alabi Ayo Kamal , Solomon Oluremi Olayinka , Akinwumi Adebowale Femi
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Low back pain (LBP) is a usual musculoskeletal system disorder among the working population, especially among health-care providers (HCPs). It is a significant contributor to work disability, work absenteeism, and lost hours globally. The study objectives are to find the prevalence and determinants of LBP among HCPs in a Federal Tertiary Hospital in Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was done among HCPs in a Federal Tertiary Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study included 336 participants working in the hospital. The respondents were selected using stratified sampling. Data were collected through an adapted questionnaire, which was pretested, semi-structured, and self-administered. The data were analyzed using STATA version 12. Univariate, bivariate, and binary logistic analysis was used to find the prevalence and determinants of LBP. The significance level was set at 95% confidence interval and P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

The point prevalence, period prevalence, and lifetime prevalence were 39.9%, 44.6%, and 67.6%, respectively. The findings showed that the prevalence of LBP was higher among respondents who turn patient on the bed regularly (>3 times weekly) (odds ratio [OR] =18.46, 95% CL [6.84–49.81], P < 0.0001); and pulls and pushes object or people (more than 10 kg thrice a week) (OR = 8.22, 95% CL [3.46–19.56], P < 0.0001) were statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The study revealed that HCPs suffered from a high prevalence of LBP, and the identified risk factors (turning of the patient and pulling and pushing of an object or people) can be modified using an informed health intervention program (health education and ergonomics).
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Virus among Ophthalmologists in Nigeria
Authors: Ilo Olubanke Theodora , Oluleye Tunji Sunday , Babalola Olufemi Emmanuel , Adenekan Adetunji Olusesan , Akinsola Folasade Bolanle
Published: August 2021

Background:

Globally, there is still much to learn about the evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus, its transmission, prevention, and treatment. Therefore, this study investigates the knowledge, perception, and screening practices of COVID-19 infection in the ophthalmology practice in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This survey was a descriptive, cross-sectional survey conducted among practising ophthalmologists and ophthalmologists in training in Nigeria in an online survey. Data compiled were then analyzed using the IBM SPSS software version 22.0 with two-tailed P < 0.05 considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results:

A total of 206 ophthalmologists/ophthalmologists in training were recruited for this study. Most of the respondents, 97 (47.1%), practiced in centres in South-West Nigeria and were board-certified ophthalmologists 96 (46.6%). In general, the majority of the respondents, 182 (88.3%), had good knowledge regarding the COVID-19 virus, its transmission, prevention as it regards the ophthalmic practice, 134 (74.8%) either agreed or strongly agreed that the ophthalmologist is at a higher risk of contracting the virus from infected patients even if the patient is asymptomatic. COVID-19 infection was perceived as very serious by the majority of the respondents, 135 (65.5%), although 128 (62.1%) felt that all routine cases should be seen only following a low-risk assessment.

Conclusion:

As the world races toward complete vaccination of the population against this fatal infection, continued training is required to ensure the best practices among ophthalmologists to bridge the present knowledge gaps, corrects myths, misconceptions, and ensure the safety of both the patient and the ophthalmologist.
Evaluation of an image-guided navigation system in the training of functional endoscopic sinus surgeons. A prospective, randomised clinical study
Authors: Stelter K. , Ertl-Wagner B. , Luz M. , Muller S. , Ledderose G. , Siedek V. , Berghaus A. , Arpe S. , Leunig A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Many sinus surgeons report improved spatial orientation after using a navigation system. This study investigates the surgical, ergonomic and economic aspects of using a navigation system in training and teaching. Materials and methods: Eight rhino-surgeons in training and 32 patients with bilateral diseases of the paranasal sinus system were included. After randomisation, one patient`s side was operated on with a navigation system while the other side was operated on without navigation. It was monitored how often the surgeon used the navigation pointer and then changed the procedures. A standardised and validated interview recorded the cognitive load when using the navigation system and the application efficiency. Results: The operations lasted on average 16 minutes longer with the navigation. Five paranasal sinuses could not be found in the control group without navigation. In only 10-13% of cases did the surgical procedure change after the use of the pointer. Most of the surgeons admitted that particular steps of the operation were more reliable and safer to carry out with the navigation system. The general trust in the system rose in proportion to intraoperative accuracy and repeated use. Conclusion: Overall, there was an overwhelming level of trust in the navigation system. Trainee sinus surgeons seeing their more experienced colleagues using a navigation device tend to overestimate the possibilities of the system and to underestimate the risks. The assistance system was used particularly effectively in the group of slightly more experienced surgeons. In this group, the additional expenditure of time was less and the navigation substantially contributed to reinforcing the anatomical sense of direction.
Inferior turbinate reduction; coblation versus microdebrider - a prospective, randomised study
Authors: Hegazy Hassan M. , ElBadawey Mohamed R. , Behery Abobakr
Published: August 2021

Objectives: We prospectively evaluated and compared the safety, subjective and objective efficacy of the coblation and microde- brider for inferior turbinate reduction. Methods: We designed a prospective randomized trial recruiting 70 patients with symptomatic enlarged inferior turbinates. Forty had coblation and 30 had microdebrider. Objectively, we scored each inferior turbinate size from 1 to 3 pre- and post-operatively. Subjectively, patients completed a visual analogue scale (VAS) evaluating their nasal symptoms, before and after surgery. Results: Both techniques resulted in subjective significant improvement in the VAS for nasal obstruction, and other nasal symptoms. Comparing both groups, coblation showed significantly less pain than the microdebrider. Postoperative bleeding and mucosal tears were less frequent with coblation than with microdebrider but this was nonsignificant. Patient satisfaction significantly improved after both techniques. Conclusion: The submucous coblation is as effective as microdebrider for inferior turbinate reduction. It is easily performed with significantly less postoperative pain than the microdebrider. Both techniques produce significant reduction of the size of the turbinates and associated with a satisfactory improvement of the nasal obstruction, nasal secretion, crust formation, itching, sneezing and dryness. The side effects are minimal with both procedures with significant patient satisfaction postoperatively.
Comprehensive quality of life outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Taylor Robert J. , Miller Justin D. , Rose Austin S. , Drake Amelia F. , Zdanski Carlton J. , Senior Brent A. , Ebert Charles S. , Zanation Adam M.
Published: August 2021

Background: Limited quality of life data exist for pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Further exploration of the following areas will enhance understanding and support clinical decision-making: baseline and post-ESS general and disease-specific quality of life, parent vs. child report, and correlation of nasal endoscopy to sinus CT scores. Methodology: A prospective cohort study evaluated CRS patients age 5-18 undergoing ESS. Surveys were completed at two timepoints: (1) pre-ESS and (2) 30-90 days post-ESS, with parents completing general (PedsQLTM) and CRS-specific (SNOT-16 and SN-5) quality of life surveys and children completing PedsQLTM and SNOT-16 surveys. Preoperative Lund-Kennedy nasal endoscopy and Lund-Mackay sinus CT scores were calculated. Where appropriate, outcomes were stratified by cystic fibrosis status. Results: Impaired preoperative general quality of life was evidenced by parent proxy-report of PedsQLTM scores in 10 cystic fibrosis and 11 non-CF patients. ESS was associated with decreased sinus symptoms at 1-3 months postoperatively with SN-5 change scores of -1.85 and -2.2, in CF and non-CF patients, respectively. Parents reported worse CRS symptoms via higher preoperative SNOT-16 scores than their children did. Nasal endoscopy and sinus CT scores correlated with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.51. Scores not reaching statistical significance included CF-related CRS SNOT-16 change scores and PedsQLTM general quality of life change scores. Conclusion: In pediatric patients with CRS electing ESS, general quality of life is impaired preoperatively and sinus symptoms improve significantly 1-3 months after sinus surgery. Parents report statistically worse CRS symptom scores than their children do. Nasal endoscopy scores in this cohort correlated with sinus CT scores.
The natural history of community-acquired common colds symptoms assessed over 4-years
Authors: Witek Theodore J. , Ramsey David L. , Carr Andrew N. , Riker Donald K.
Published: August 2021

Background: The common cold is the most frequently experienced infection among humans, but limited data exist to characterize the onset, duration, severity and intersection of symptoms in community-acquired colds. A more complete understanding of the symptom frequency and burden in naturally occurring colds is needed. Methodology: We characterized common cold symptoms from 226 cold episodes experienced by 104 male or female subjects. Subjects were enrolled in the work environment in an attempt to start symptom evaluation (frequency and severity) at the earliest sign of their cold. We also assessed the symptom that had the greatest impact on the subject by asking them to identify their single most bothersome symptom. Results: Symptom reporting started within 24 hours of cold onset for most subjects. Sore throat was a harbinger of the illness but was accompanied by multiple symptoms, including nasal congestion, runny nose and headache. Cough was not usually the most frequent symptom, but was present throughout the cold, becoming most bothersome later in the cold. Nasal congestion, pain (eg, sore throat, headache, muscle pains) or feverishness and secretory symptoms (eg, runny nose, sneezing), and even cough, were simultaneously experienced with high incidence over the first 4 days of illness. The single most bothersome symptom was sore throat on day 1, followed by nasal congestion on days 2-5 and cough on days 6 and 7. Conclusion: There is substantial overlap in the appearance of common cold symptoms over the first several days of the common cold. Nasal congestion, secretory and pain symptoms frequently occur together, with cough being somewhat less prominent, but quite bothersome when present. These data establish the typical symptomatology of a common cold and provide a foundation for the rational treatment of cold symptoms typically experienced by cold sufferers.
Real-life study showing better control of allergic rhinitis by immunotherapy than regular pharmacotherapy
Authors: Droessaert V. , Timmermans M. , Dekimpe E. , Seys S. , Ceuppens J.J. , Fokkens W.J. , Hellings P.W.
Published: August 2021

Background: Treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR) aims at reducing the burden of allergic inflammation, either by suppression of the nasal inflammation with pharmacotherapy or by inducing tolerance via immunotherapy (IT). At present, we lack information on the comparison between the degree of symptom control in AR patients treated with IT and those on pharmacotherapy. Aims: An observational study was conducted evaluating the degree of symptom control, the total and individual nasal symptom severity and current medication use at 3 years after starting either pharmacotherapy or subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for AR. Methods: A total number of 800 patients diagnosed with AR between October 2007 and February 2010 at the Ear, Nose and Throat Unit and Allergology Clinical Department of the University Hospitals of KU Leuven, Belgium, were included. Among these patients, 120 had been started on IT at the time of their initial visit, and 680 were prescribed guideline-based pharmacotherapy. In 2013, patients were sent a questionnaire asking for the current severity of nasal symptoms using a visual analogue scale (VAS) score, duration of nasal symptoms and presence or absence of abnormal sleep, impairment of daily activities, sport, leisure, impaired functioning at work/school, troublesome symptoms, and current medication use. A VAS score for total nasal symptoms (TNS) was used to distinguish between controlled and uncontrolled AR. Results: An overall response rate of 54%. At 3 years after the initiation of the treatment, the IT group showed lower VAS scores for TNS than the pharmacotherapy group, with lower percentages of patients having a VAS score of equal or higher than 5. The IT group consisted of more patients with mild AR than the pharmacotherapy group despite the higher percentage of polysensitization at the onset of treatment in the IT group. 18% of the IT patients met the criteria of persistent AR whereas this was 51% amongst non-IT patients. Interestingly, 70% of IT patients did not use any medical treatment for AR anymore, whereas 61% of pharmacotherapy patients were still on medical treatment. Conclusions: This observational study demonstrates that IT is associated with higher control of AR, reduced symptom severity and reduced medication use at 3 years after the onset of treatment. Therefore, this real-life study reinforces the clinical value of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis.
Intranasal insulin influences the olfactory performance of patients with smell loss, dependent on the body mass index: A pilot study
Authors: Schopf V. , Kollndorfer K. , Pollak M. , Mueller C.A. , Freiherr J.
Published: August 2021

Background: The application of intranasal insulin in healthy humans has been linked to improved memory function, reduced food intake, and increased olfactory thresholds. There has also been some correlation between the morbidities associated with central nervous system (CNS) insulin resistance, such as type II diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and impaired odour recognition. Given that impaired odour recognition is an important component of olfactory performance, mechanisms that govern these effects may account for impaired olfactory functions in anosmic patients. Methodology: Ten patients with post-infectious olfactory loss received intranasal administration of 40 IU insulin or a placebo solution, as well as olfactory performance tests before and after administration. Results: When administered insulin, patients exhibited an immediate performance improvement with regard to olfactory sensitivity and olfactory intensity ratings. In addition, more odours were correctly identified. Furthermore, an improvement in the odour identification task was detected in patients with higher body mass index. Conclusion: Results of this pilot study shed light on the link between cerebral insulin level and an impaired sense of smell. This research line might provide a better understanding of olfactory loss in relation to eating and dietary behavior, and could offer opportunities to develop faster therapeutic intervention for patients with olfactory dysfunction.
Endoscopic sinus surgery and musculoskeletal symptoms
Authors: Rimmer Joanne , Amin Mohamed , Fokkens Wytske J. , Lund Valerie J.
Published: August 2021

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common surgical procedure, with low morbidity for patients. Studies have shown that endoscopic and laparoscopic surgeons have a significant risk of developing musculoskeletal symptoms, with potential adverse effects on their careers as well as patient care. We aimed to identify the prevalence of such symptoms, and any associated risk factors relating to surgical technique, in European rhinologists. Methodology: An online survey was distributed to all members of the European Rhinologic Society and data collected for statistical analysis. The relevant literature was reviewed, and ergonomic recommendations made. Results: There were 250 responses, with nearly 80% of surgeons experiencing musculoskeletal symptoms. The neck and back were the most common site of symptoms, in approximately 60% of cases. There were significant correlations between musculoskeletal symptoms and the number of procedures performed each year, operating in a standing position, and operating without a monitor. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in endoscopic sinus surgeons, which appears to be particularly related to posture during surgery. Surgeons need to be more aware of the risk factors, and good ergonomic habits should be encouraged to try and reduce the development of such symptoms.
Lo chido de la lengua: neologismos en la juventud chilena [The chido about language: neologisms in Chilean youth]
Authors: Valdés-León Gabriel , Ceballos Francisca , Castro Poleth , Catalán Gonzalo , Orellana Carolina , Vásquez Camila
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación es clasificar neologismos propios del léxico juvenil utilizando la clasificación propuesta por el Observatori de Neologia de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Para ello, se recolectaron doscientos comentarios anónimos de jóvenes de entre 13 y 18 años desde la página web y aplicación “TuSecreto.io”. Se procesaron los neologismos encontrados gracias al software IRAMUTEQ, con el fin de clasificarlos utilizando el criterio lexicográfico, para lo cual se tomaron como obras de referencia un diccionario general (DLE) y uno regional (DUECh). Los resultados obtenidos evidencian un predominio de préstamos, con un porcentaje de 73,23%, los que provienen principalmente del inglés, japonés y de la variante mexicana del español. Se concluye que esto puede deberse al cada vez mayor acceso que tienen actualmente los/as jóvenes chilenos a internet, lo que posibilita la conectividad y comunicación instantánea, ya sea con otras personas o con el fin de consumir productos culturales de distintas partes del mundo.
La prevalencia de los Planes de Ordenación de Recursos Naturales
Authors: Del Castillo Mora Daniel
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo sistematiza la normativa y Jurisprudencia en torno a la genérica prevalencia de los Planes de Ordenación de Recursos Naturales respecto el resto de instrumentos de planificación ambientales y sectoriales, analizando las excepciones a dicha prevalencia.
INFORME: El Tribunal Económico-Administrativo de la Junta de Andalucia
Authors: Núñez Lozano María del Carmen
Published: August 2021

SUMARIO:

 I. INTRODUCCIÓN.

 II. NATURALEZA Y COMPOSICIÓN DEL TRIBUNAL ECONÓMICO- ADMINISTRATIVO DE LA JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA.

 III. COMPETENCIAS.

IV. FUNCIONAMIENTO.

V. PUESTA EN FUNCIONAMIENTO DEL TRIBUNAL ECONÓMICOADMINISTRATIVO.
La sinergia entre Administración y sociedad: Análisis del “Plan España Digital 2025”
Authors: Expósito Gázquez Ariana
Published: August 2021

La incorporación de Internet y las TIC a nuestras vidas ha ocasiones profundos cambios en las relaciones sociales, hasta el punto de que, la evolución de éstas está marcando el ritmo de desarrollo de los distintos sectores de la sociedad. Este proceso de cambio digital se ha agudizado en los últimos meses como consecuencia de las restricciones y condiciones impuestas por la crisis sanitaria provocada por el Covid-19. Ante estas condiciones, el Gobierno, aprovechando el avance y consolidación de las nuevas tecnologías entre la población, ha decidido auspiciar el proceso de digitalización, que no estaba teniendo los resultados programados, aprobando el “Plan España Digital 2025”. Este Plan está destinado, en parte, a suplir las deficiencias detectadas antes y durante la pandemia, pero, también, a afrontar nuevos desafíos propios de una sociedad en evolución. Si bien, uno de los retos inminentes que debe asumir el Gobierno es la reforma de la Administración, para que se convierta en el organismo de referencia de este proceso de cambio, y para ello, hay que comenzar adecuando el marco legislativo para diseñar a una Administración auténticamente Digital
Notas de jurisprudencia.- Tribunal Supremo
Authors: Gamero Casado Eduardo
Published: August 2021

SUMARIO:

II. ADMINISTRACIÓN LOCALVI. CONTRATOSVIII. CULTURA, EDUCACIÓN, DEPORTE, PATRIMONIO HISTÓRICOIX. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO ECONÓMICO X. DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO SANCIONADORXI. DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES Y LIBERTADESXII. EXPROPIACIÓN FORZOSAXIII. FUENTE XV. JURISDICIÓN CONTENCIOSO ADMINISTRATIVAXVI. MEDIO AMBIENTEXVIII. PERSONALXIX. PROCEDIMIENTO ADMINISTRATIVOXX. RESPONSABILIDAD PATRIMONIALXXI. SALUD Y SERVICIOS SOCIALES.XXII. URBANISMO Y VIVIENDA
Reseña de las Disposiciones de las Comunidades Europeas
Authors: Millán Moro Lucía
Published: August 2021

Comprende disposiciones generales publicadas en el DOUE, series L y C, durante los meses de agosto a noviembre de 2020.
Noticia de Revistas Autonómicas
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: August 2021

SUMARIO:

1.- Unión Europea, Comunidades Autónomas, Derecho autonómico, Régimen Local2.- Derechos fundamentales y derechos de ciudadanía3.- Fuentes, potestad reglamentaria, organización administrativa. 4.- Acto, procedimiento administrativo, expropiación, responsabilidad y control Jurisdiccional de las Administraciones Públicas.5.- Modalidades administrativas de Intervención (Policía, Fomento, Servicio público, Actividad Sancionadora, Arbitral y Planificadora).6.- Sectores Administrativos de Intervención. Derecho Administrativo económico (Aguas, Montes, Minas, Costas, Agricultura y pesca, Urbanismo y Ordenación del territorio, Medio ambiente, Energía, Telecomunicaciones, Patrimonio cultural, etc.).7.-  Varia.
Aligning Financial Intermediary Investments with the Paris Agreement
Authors: Fuchs Sophie , Kachi Aki , Sidner Lauren , Westphal Michael
Published: August 2021

Development finance institutions (DFIs) play a key role in achieving the Paris Agreement’s goal of aligning financial flows with low-emission, climate-resilient development pathways. Many DFIs have committed to aligning their investments with the objectives of the Paris Agreement, but to date, efforts to align DFI investments have primarily focused on direct project financing. Most DFIs channel substantial portions of their finance through financial intermediaries. To be fully aligned with global climate goals, DFIs must also align these “indirect” investments. This paper proposes a robust yet practical approach for development finance institutions to follow to align their investments through financial intermediaries with the goals of the Paris Agreement.
Healing Ministry Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Pelayanan Pastoral Gereja Yang Mendesak di Indonesia Pada Masa Kini
Authors: Dwi Kristantyo Apolos
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This article aims to describe the healing ministry as a form of urgent pastoral care during the Covid 19 pandemic. This search aims to find concepts or forms of healing ministry in the Bible and the thoughts of the scholars about church healing services. That since the beginning of 2020 until now, many people have been exposed to the covid 19 virus, making them sick, difficult and suffering. This situation calls the church to perform healing ministries.
Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tentang healing ministry atau pelayanan kesembuhan sebagai salah satu bentuk pelayanan pastoral yang mendesak pada masa pandemi Covid 19. Penelusuran ini bertujuan untuk menemukan konsep atau bentuk-bentuk pelayanan kesembuhan dalam Alkitab dan pemikiran-pemikiran para ahli tentang pelayanan kesembuhan gereja. Bahwa sejak awal tahun 2020 hingga kini, banyak masyarat yang telah terpapar viruis covid 19, sehingga sakit, susah dan menderita. Keadaan yang demikian ini memanggil gereja untuk melakukan pelayanan kesembuhan.
Engineering Master Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes toward Research Methods. The Case Study of Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Tangier (FSTT)
Authors:   Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Sciences and Technologies (FSTT) at Abdelmalek Essaâdi University in Tangier, Housseine Dr. Bachiri
Published: August 2021

The central concern of this paper is to investigate students’ perceptions about the Research Methods Course taught in English at the Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Tangier (FSTT). The study results reveal that students find research methods extremely valuable as there has been a genuine attempt to seriously participate in mini collective research projects under constant supervision by their mentor. Students expressed a predisposition toward research. This is merely indicative of their prior mindfulness of the paramount importance of research not only in their academic trajectory, but also in their professional endeavors. Students’ familiarity with and exposure to research terminologies, such as research proposal, literature review, citing and referencing, research designs, data collection methods, data analysis and discussion, and many more has been fundamentally crucial to preparing them to take part in research activities and practices. The researcher utilizes both quantitative and qualitative research analyses by dint of an online questionnaire and focus group sessions in order to be at a better position to investigate the issue at hand, and simultaneously create an opportunity of growth. Furthermore, it is conspicuous that the findings of the current study indicate more useful implications pertinent to students’ engagement, participation and commitment in the Research Methods Course.
Digitalization of information resources on the history of the Yaroslav the Wise National Library of Ukraine
Authors:   National Library of Ukraine named after Yaroslav Mudro, Prokopenko Lilia
Published: August 2021

The present process of digitalization of historical and cultural heritage through the publication of electronic resources, representation, visualization, as well as the development of online communications with a wide range of users is considered. The presentation of information resources on the history of Yaroslav Mudryi National Library of Ukraine in the structure of its website is described. Emphasis is placed on the features of the application of the results of digitalization in library science and historical research
Modern requirements for improving information and library education in the context of digitalization of society
Authors:   Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khorezmi, Arakelov Sergey
Published: August 2021

This article analyzes world trends and foreign experience in creating a new paradigm in the development of information and library education in the electronic era. The necessity of using innovative technologies in bachelor’s degree in teaching information and library disciplines, which today are at the intersection of such sciences as information science and library science, is discussed. What, in turn, needs to be done and what will help to train highly qualified specialists for information and library specialists of the republic.
Libraries work with disabled children
Authors:   information and library work IBC Syrdarya region, Egai Larisa
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the issues of information-library services for disabled childrens, as well as the forms and methods of work of libraries with this category of users
The role of information resource centers in the development of the world outlook of society
Authors:   Information resource Center of Tashkent State University of Law, Pirmedova Hayitgul
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the predominance of university libraries, which took on an educational function and played a significant role in the dissemination of knowledge and the development of society. The author lists the history and sequence of the creation of university libraries in the world and in Uzbekistan, where he also points to the library of the Turkestan People’s University, which became the ancestor of higher education in Middle Asia and Kazakhstan. About the current stage of development of information resource centers in the country and abroad, and also indicates the main directions that contribute to the full implementation of the role and tasks of information resource centers
The role of libraries in improving the quality of research and dissertation work
Authors:   ООО «E-Line Press», Pazilova Nargiza
Published: August 2021

The article examines the importance of using information resources in scientific and educational activities and their impact on improving the quality of scientific research and dissertations. The role of information and library institutions in organizing online access to scientific information, completing the collection based on the analysis of user needs is shown. The author also touches upon the actual problem of plagiarism in science and provides information on the Russian system for detecting text borrowings Antiplagiat, which most closely meets the needs of scientific and educational institutions of Uzbekistan