bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nematodes as bioindicators of soil health in different land uses in the São Francisco River Valley, Brazil
Authors: Caixeta Larissa de B. , Silva Juliane V.C. de L. da , Castañeda Nancy E.N. , Castro José M. da C. e , Cares Juvenil E.
Published: December 2023

Brazilian Caatinga is one of the most diverse, seasonally dry, tropical forests of the world and is threatened by strong land use pressure and poor protection. One way of understanding changes in the soil conditions caused by anthropogenic activities is using the nematode assemblages as potential bioindicators. This study analysed changes in nematode communities in three different types of land use (natural forest-CA, natural area with accumulation of salts-SS, and agricultural growing areas, such as cover crops-CC for cattle and fruit trees-IC) in the Caatinga, in the sub-median region of the São Francisco River Valley (SFRV), Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. We recorded a total of 63 262 nematode individuals, representing 42 genera, belonging to 23 families. Nematode abundance, diversity and maturity indices were highest in the CC and lowest in the SS. Among the nematode trophic groups, bacterivores, omnivores + predators and plant parasites were significantly affected by type of land use. Different soil properties were related to the differences in taxonomic composition among the natural and agricultural areas, accounting for 26.6% of the total variation. In general, our results indicate that soil salinisation and desertification in the natural areas, as well as soils subjected to cover crops and fruit tree production, significantly influenced the composition of nematode communities in the São Francisco River Valley.
Two new species of Sabatieria de Rouville, 1903 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Comesomatidae) from the Southern Ocean
Authors: FU SUJING , ZHANG SHUYI , LEDUC DANIEL , MOU JIANFENG , LIN HESHAN
Published: December 2023

Two new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Sabatieria de Rouville, 1903 are described from the Southern Ocean using morphological and molecular data. Sabatieria brevicaudata sp. nov. is characterized by body length 1476–1740 μm, short cephalic setae, 13–24% corresponding body diameter long, lateral differentiation of body cuticle with only slightly coarser punctations, spiral amphidial fovea with 3 turns, spicules arcuated and 1.3–1.6 cloacal body diameter long, slightly arcuated gubernacular apophyses, and twelve precloacal supplements, in the form of small pores. Sabatieria multipora sp. nov. is characterized by body length 2139–2324 μm, short cephalic setae (4–7 μm long, 30–40% corresponding body diameter long), cuticle with lateral differentiation of distinctly coarser punctations extending from anterior edge of amphidial fovea to anterior of intestine and in the tail region, spiral amphidial fovea with 3 turns, males with spicules 1.9–2.0 cloacal body diameter long, seventeen fine tubular precloacal supplements with distance between adjacent supplements increasing towards anterior, and with curved gubernacular apophyses. We obtained 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA sequences from the two new species, which are both closely related to other species of Sabatieria. Our analyses also show that several genera of Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 do not form monophyletic clades.
Limitations of XAI Methods for Process-Level Understanding in the Atmospheric Sciences
Authors: Silva Sam J. , Keller Christoph A.
Published: December 2023

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods are becoming popular tools for scientific discovery in the Earth and atmospheric sciences. While these techniques have the potential to revolutionize the scientific process, there are known limitations in their applicability that are frequently ignored. These limitations include that XAI methods explain the behavior of the AI model and not the behavior of the training dataset, and that caution should be used when these methods are applied to datasets with correlated and dependent features. Here, we explore the potential cost associated with ignoring these limitations with a simple case study from the atmospheric chemistry literature – learning the reaction rate of a bimolecular reaction. We demonstrate that dependent and highly correlated input features can lead to spurious process-level explanations. We posit that the current generation of XAI techniques should largely only be used for understanding system-level behavior and recommend caution when using XAI methods for process-level scientific discovery in the Earth and atmospheric sciences.
Diurnally Varying Ekman Layer in a Rossby Wave
Authors: Shapiro Alan , Chiappa Jason , Parsons David B.
Published: December 2023

Weak but persistent synoptic-scale ascent may play a role in the initiation or maintenance of nocturnal convection over the central United States. An analytical model is used to explore the nocturnal low-level jets (NLLJ) and ascent that develop in an idealized diurnally varying frictional (Ekman) boundary layer in a neutrally stratified barotropic environment when the flow aloft is a zonally propagating Rossby wave. Steady-periodic solutions are obtained of the linearized Reynolds-averaged Boussinesq-approximated equations of motion on a beta plane with an eddy viscosity that is specified to increase abruptly at sunrise and decrease abruptly at sunset. Rayleigh damping terms are used to parameterize momentum loss due to radiation of inertia–gravity waves. The model-predicted vertical velocity is (approximately) proportional to the wavenumber and wave amplitude. There are two main modes of ascent in midlatitudes, an afternoon mode and a nocturnal mode. The latter arises as a gentle but persistent surge induced by the decrease of turbulence at sunset, the same mechanism that triggers inertial oscillations in the Blackadar theory of NLLJs. If the Rayleigh damping terms are omitted, the boundary layer depth becomes infinite at three critical latitudes, and the vertical velocity becomes infinite far above the ground at two of those latitudes. With the damping terms retained, the solution is well behaved. Peak daytime ascent in the model occurs progressively later in the afternoon at more southern locations (in the Northern Hemisphere) until the first (most northern) critical latitude is reached; south of that latitude the nocturnal mode is dominant.
An Investigation of LES Wall Modeling for Rayleigh–Bénard Convection via Interpretable and Physics-Aware Feedforward Neural Networks with DNS
Authors: Wang Aaron , Yang Xiang I. A. , Ovchinnikov Mikhail
Published: December 2023

The traditional approach of using the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) to model near-surface processes in large-eddy simulations (LESs) can lead to significant errors in natural convection. In this study, we propose an alternative approach based on feedforward neural networks (FNNs) trained on output from direct numerical simulation (DNS). To evaluate the performance, we conduct both a priori and a posteriori tests. In the a priori (offline) tests, we compare the statistics of the surface shear stress and heat flux, computed from filtered DNS input variables, to the stress and flux obtained from the filtered DNS. Additionally, we investigate the importance of various input features using the Shapley additive explanations value and the conditional average of the filter grid cells. In the a posteriori (online) tests, we implement the trained models in the System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM) LES and compare the LES-generated surface shear stress and heat flux with those in the DNS. Our findings reveal that vertical velocity, a traditionally overlooked flow quantity, is one of the most important input features for determining the wall fluxes. Increasing the number of input features improves the a priori test results but does not always improve the model performance in the a posteriori tests because of the differences in input variables between the LES and DNS. Last, we show that physics-aware FNN models trained with logarithmic and scaled parameters can well extrapolate to more intense convection scenarios than in the training dataset, whereas those trained with primitive flow quantities cannot.

Significance Statement

The traditional near-surface turbulence model, based on a shear-dominated boundary layer flow, does not represent near-surface turbulence in natural convection. Using a feedforward neural network (FNN), we can construct a more accurate model that better represents the near-surface turbulence in various flows and reveals previously overlooked controlling factors and process interactions. Our study shows that the FNN-generated models outperform the traditional model and highlight the importance of the near-surface vertical velocity. Furthermore, the physics-aware FNN models exhibit the potential to extrapolate to convective flows of various intensities beyond the range of the training dataset, suggesting their broader applicability for more accurate modeling of near-surface turbulence.
Hailfall in a Possible Future Climate Using a Pseudo–Global Warming Approach: Hail Characteristics and Mesoscale Influences
Authors: Mallinson Holly , Lasher-Trapp Sonia , Trapp Jeff , Woods Matthew , Orendorf Sophie
Published: December 2023

Severe convective storms (SCS) and their associated hazards present significant societal risk. Understanding of how these hazards, such as hailfall, may change due to anthropogenic climate change is in its infancy. Previous methods used to investigate possible changes in SCS and their hail used climate model output and were limited by their coarse spatiotemporal resolution and less detailed representations of hail. This study instead uses an event-level pseudo–global warming (PGW) approach to simulate seven different hailstorms in their historical environments, and again in five different end-of-century PGW environments obtained from the worst-case scenario increases in CO2 of five different CMIP5 members. Changes in large-scale environmental parameters were generally found to be consistent with prior studies, showing mostly increases in CAPE, CIN, and precipitable water, with minor changes in vertical wind shear. Nearly all simulated events had moderately stronger updrafts in the PGW environments. Only cold-season events showed an increase in hail sizes both within the storms and at the surface, whereas warm-season events exhibited a decrease in hail sizes at the surface and aloft. Changes in the event-total hailfall area at the ground also showed a seasonal trend, with increases in cold-season events and decreases in warm-season events. Melting depths increased for all PGW environments, and these increases likely contributed to greater rainfall area for warm-season events, where an increase in smaller hail aloft would be more prone to melting. The differences in PGW simulation hail sizes in cold-season and warm-season events found here are likely related to differences in microphysical processes and warrant future study.

Significance Statement

It is uncertain how severe thunderstorm hazards (such as hail, tornadoes, and damaging winds) may change due to human-induced climate change. Given the significant societal risk these hazards pose, this study seeks to better understand how hailstorms may change in the future. Simulated end-of-century storms in winter months showed larger hail sizes and a larger area of event-total hailfall than in the historical simulations, whereas simulated future storms in spring and summer months showed smaller hail sizes and a reduction in the area where hail fell. An analysis of traditional environmental and storm-scale properties did not reveal a clear distinction between cold-season and warm-season hailstorms, suggesting that changes in small-scale precipitation processes may be responsible.
Introduction
Authors: Jackson Margot I. , Moffitt Susan L. , Loeb Susanna
Published: December 2023

American public benefit provision bears little resemblance to a safety net capable of preventing people from experiencing economic devastation. It is not a carefully planned machinery of complementary programs but individual threads of support, some of which connect, many of which do not. The increased need for public benefit provision during the COVID-19 pandemic has renewed national and state policy debates on the importance of a comprehensive system of public investment in children. This volume draws on perspectives from various academic disciplines, both to identify the public supports that children need to thrive and to analyze existing models of complementary public support provision that do benefit children. The persistence of individual program-based support provisions and administrative burdens make it difficult for the current system to operate as a comprehensive safety net, but recent innovations offer hope: these include the expansion of the Child Tax Credit and collaborations between public agencies and organizations that help integrate aspects of service delivery. Missing, however, is the political will at all levels of government to invest in an infrastructure of support.
Unveiling the Prognostic Power of Coronary Physiological Progression
Authors: Chatterjee Saurav , Easly-Merski Rebecca , Mukherjee Debabrata
Published: December 2023

Coronary atherosclerosis, a progressive disease, has long been the focus of clinical investigations aimed at understanding its natural evolution and response to medical therapies. While traditional imaging modalities, such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), have shed light on plaque characteristics and vulnerability to rupture leading to clinical events, the clinical implications of coronary physiological techniques associated with increased risk of clinical events remain underexplored. The incremental prognostic value of 3V-quantitative flow ratio (QFR) advocates for its integration into routine clinical evaluations as a non-invasive tool for risk stratification in coronary artery disease patients.
Spherically curved woven fabrics: geometrical calculation methods and weave pattern development
Authors: Dominik Nuss , Johannes Mersch , Cornelia Sennewald , Chokri Cherif
Published: December 2023

The demand for woven spherical shapes, particularly in applications such as fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), is increasing. However, the production of woven two-dimensional fabrics in three-dimensional (3D) shapes using conventional weaving machines faces technical limitations. As a result, draping and cutting processes are commonly employed to transform flat woven fabrics into 3D shapes, leading to challenges such as structural distortions, thread interruptions, layer overlaps, and high cutting losses. To address these issues, this research introduces a novel weaving technology that enables the creation of spherically curved woven fabrics utilizing conventional weaving machines. Using the developed technology it is possible to fabricate double curved fabrics without the cutting and usual draping processes that can be implemented to reinforce FRP components. The study presents mathematical models capable of calculating the required 3D surfaces for such fabrics. By adopting this technology, the need for draping and cutting processes can be eliminated, leading to improved quality and structural integrity of the final product.
Self-care Behavior Based on Integrated Behavioral Model in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Song Juhyun , Shin Seung Yong , Kim Kyunghee , Son Youn-Jung , Kim Jisu , Jang Insil
Published: December 2023

Background:

There is limited research exploring the behavioral intentions, beliefs, and application of theoretical models in relation to self-care in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective:

This study aimed to identify the factors that influence self-care behavior in patients with AF.

Methods:

The study used an integrated behavioral model and collected data from 216 patients diagnosed with AF. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS/WIN 24.0 to verify the fit of the hypothesis model, confirm factor analysis, and the validity of the hypothesis itself.

Results:

Self-care behavioral intention (β = 0.433, p < .001) and habit (β = 0.395, p = .005) had a significant direct effect, while instrumental attitude (β = 0.077, p = .045), injunctive norm (β = 0.084, p = .037), and self-efficacy (β = 0.249, p = .011) had a significant indirect effect on self-care behavior, explaining 64.4% of the variance.

Conclusion:

The final model validated the factors that impact self-care behavior in patients with AF, highlighting the importance of fostering positive recognition of instrumental attitude, bolstering social influence and self-efficacy through significant individuals to improve self-care behavior. It is recommended to create an intervention program that encourages intentions and motivations for self-care behavior and incorporates tactics to make self-care behavior a habit. The study’s path diagram can serve as a conceptual framework for designing strategies to enhance self-care behavior in patients with AF.
Dynamics of cerebral blood volume during and after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats – Comparison between ultrafast ultrasound and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI measurements
Authors: Franx Bart AA , Lebrun Florent , Chin Joe Kie Lois , Deffieux Thomas , Vivien Denis , Bonnard Thomas , Dijkhuizen Rick M ,   CONTRAST consortium, Orset Cyrille , Matei Marta , Pezet Sophie , Merlini Mario
Published: December 2023

Tomographic perfusion imaging techniques are integral to translational stroke research paradigms that advance our understanding of the disease. Functional ultrasound (fUS) is an emerging technique that informs on cerebral blood volume (CBV) through ultrasensitive Doppler and flow velocity (CBFv) through ultrafast localization microscopy. It is not known how experimental results compare with a classical CBV-probing technique such as dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI (DSC-MRI). To that end, we assessed hemodynamics based on uUS (n = 6) or DSC-MRI (n = 7) before, during and up to three hours after 90-minute filament-induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Recanalization was followed by a brief hyperperfusion response, after which CBV and CBFv temporarily normalized but progressively declined after one hour in the lesion territory. DSC-MRI data corroborated the incomplete restoration of CBV after recanalization, which may have been caused by the free-breathing anesthetic regimen. During occlusion, MCAO-induced hypoperfusion was more discrepant between either technique, likely attributable to artefactual signal mechanisms related to slow flow, and processing algorithms employed for either technique. In vivo uUS- and DSC-MRI-derived measures of CBV enable serial whole-brain assessment of post-stroke hemodynamics, but readouts from both techniques need to be interpreted cautiously in situations of very low blood flow.
CID-SIMS: Complex indoor dataset with semantic information and multi-sensor data from a ground wheeled robot viewpoint
Authors: Zhang Yidi , An Ning , Shi Chenhui , Wang Shuo , Wei Hao , Zhang Pengju , Meng Xinrui , Sun Zengpeng , Wang Jinke , Liang Wenliang , Tang Fulin , Wu Yihong
Published: December 2023

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and 3D reconstruction have numerous applications for indoor ground wheeled robots such as floor sweeping and food delivery. To advance research in leveraging semantic information and multi-sensor data to enhance the performances of SLAM and 3D reconstruction in complex indoor scenes, we propose a novel and complex indoor dataset named CID-SIMS, where semantic annotated RGBD images, inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements, and wheel odometer data are provided from a ground wheeled robot viewpoint. The dataset consists of 22 challenging sequences captured in nine different scenes including office building and apartment environments. Notably, our dataset achieves two significant breakthroughs. Firstly, semantic information and multi-sensor data are provided meanwhile for the first time. Secondly, GeoSLAM is utilized for the first time to generate ground truth trajectories and 3D point clouds within two-centimeter accuracy. With spatial-temporal synchronous ground truth trajectories and 3D point clouds, our dataset is capable of evaluating SLAM and 3D reconstruction algorithms in a unified global coordinate system. We evaluate state-of-the-art SLAM and 3D reconstruction approaches on our dataset, demonstrating that our benchmark is applicable. The dataset is publicly available on https://cid-sims.github.io .
Placing Mexican Ethnic Enclaves: Toward a Recursive Model of Place Attachment
Authors: Robles Jozef Callán , Thacker Thomas Devon
Published: December 2023

Place attachment, the emotional bond between person and place, facilitates well-being and belonging for Mexicans in the United States. However, place attachment research concentrating on Mexican populations has not explored a key site for placemaking—the ethnic enclave. Thus, we draw on 20 interviews with Mexicans in the United States to examine how individuals form close connections to La Cuatro, an ethnic enclave in California. Despite the overall positive nature of their emotional connections within the enclave, our model uncovers paradoxical and recursive outcomes. While place attachment promotes a sense of belonging within La Cuatro, these emotional bonds are deeply tied to broader experiences of social alienation in areas outside the enclave. This alienation stems from three primary factors: (1) legal status or lack thereof, (2) racialization, and (3) pervasive anti-immigrant socio-political ethos. We propose a recursive model of place attachment that considers social context to explain the placemaking processes of marginalized racial and ethnic groups in public social spaces. This model problematizes the experiences of marginalized communities, such as Mexican immigrants and their descendants, and provides a theoretical framework to examine the interplay between place and broader society.
Exploring the influence of Islamic governance and religious regimes on sustainability and resilience planning: A study of public administration in Muslim-majority countries
Authors: Alibašić Haris
Published: December 2023

This research delves into the relatively uncharted territory of Islamic governance and its impact on strategic sustainability and climate resilience planning in Muslim-majority countries. It scrutinizes the role of religious regimes in public administration and policy-making within these nations. The study employs a case study methodology, focusing on 11 strategically chosen countries within the Islamic world, and evaluates their respective climate resilience and sustainable development objectives. Forty-five reports, plans, and government documents from 2017 to 2023 are analyzed using a two-cycle coding process facilitated by software. The paper makes three significant contributions. Firstly, it addresses the academic call for understanding the positive governance of sustainable development and resilience planning in Muslim-majority countries, specifically focusing on the role of religious regimes. Secondly, it reframes the general understanding of governance in public administration related to resilience planning in Islamic countries. Lastly, it offers an understanding of religious regimes to analyze climate resilience planning. The analysis reveals several thematic categories, each representing a different resilience and sustainability planning governance aspect. The study’s results suggest that nations with the most effective plans tend to have robust economies, comprehensive educational institutions, pluralistic societies, inclusive governments, and liberal religious regimes, all of which positively influence sustainable development and climate resilience planning.
A Critical Response to ‘Race, Caste and Christian Ethics: A Decolonial Proposal’
Authors: Wadibia Christopher
Published: December 2023

The colonial period of Christian expansion was plagued by practices and systems that exploited non-European indigenous populations for the endgame interests of enriching the treasuries of European imperial powers and promoting Eurocentrism. Anderson Jeremiah has written an important paper that explains how the concepts of race and the caste system in South Asia functioned in the context of colonial Christian expansion, and argues that postcolonial Christian actors should prioritise intentionally replacing dehumanising forms of missional activity with the four ethically decolonising paradigms of radical resistance, solidarity, hospitality, and joy in service of promoting racial justice in future global society. My response focuses on Jeremiah's ethical paradigm of hospitality, and engages with the challenge of applying this paradigm. In order for this hospitality paradigm to be applied in ways that lead to optimal missional outcomes, it must answer several questions, especially those linked to the existence of contesting hospitality-focussed frameworks and sociocultural attitudes endorsed by contemporary Christian agents and communities whose norms of hospitality appear radically different.
Stability control of high-speed bogies using an adaptive vibration absorber
Authors: Huang Caihong , Zeng Jing
Published: December 2023

In this paper an active bogie stability scheme combining a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) and an actuator is proposed for high-speed trains, and a control strategy is presented by transforming the actuating force into a virtual part of hybrid DVA whose characteristic frequency and damping can be adjusted. Firstly, a simplified model of the lateral bogie dynamics is established for control system design, and the optimal value of the characteristic frequency and damping of the hybrid DVA are theoretically investigated from the perspective of bogie stability. Then the strategy of active stability is introduced by using the idea of adaptive vibration absorber, and a method for auto-tuning the optimal value of the DVA suspension is proposed. To realize this auto-tuning strategy a method to detect the bogie instability and its frequency is presented. At last, the feasibility of the adaptive vibration absorber is verified by comparing it to a passive one using a co-simulation model of a railway vehicle, and the effect of time delay in the control system on bogie stability is also analyzed.
On degrowth strategy: The Simpler Way perspective
Authors: Trainer Ted
Published: December 2023

The rapidly expanding degrowth literature has focused predominantly on the case for degrowth and its goals and much less attention has been given to how it might be achieved. The following discussion is not concerned to review the current state of the discussion and refers to it only in order to develop a case for a particular approach to degrowth strategy, that is, one deriving from the simpler way perspective on the global predicament. This focuses on the alarming and poorly recognised extent to which global sustainability limits have been exceeded. When this is understood it is clear that extremely radical solutions must be sought. There has to be transition to far simpler lifestyles and systems. This requires abandoning various fundamental structures and taken-for-granted assumptions and ways. Thus it will be argued that numerous degrowth strategies are inappropriate, including attempting to reform existing governmental policies and adopting eco-socialist goals and means. This perspective on the situation has coercive implications for viable strategy. One major implication of the simpler way perspective is that ends and means must be anarchist.
Everyday sustainability transitions through using green buildings: Spatial perspectives on materialities, discourses, and lived sustainabilities
Authors: Affolderbach Julia , O’Neill Kirstie
Published: December 2023

In 2019, governments across Europe set the goal to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Through its high share of energy use and carbon emissions, the building sector is seen as central in this endeavor. While European Union (EU) and national regulation and incentive schemes provide an important context, how green building is realized often plays out at subnational spatial scales, including how green buildings are designed and embedded in existing regional and local (infra)structures. More localized scales can be especially important when considering the sustainability of buildings in operation. In contrast to the design and construction phases of green buildings, very little attention has been paid to post-occupancy studies and the practices of building users in enabling or constraining sustainability transitions. These actors are, however, crucial in reducing carbon emissions as a fabric-only or technologically-focused approach will be insufficient. This article seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the role of building users and the impact of green buildings once in operation through the frame of lived sustainabilities. It focuses on changes shaped by interdependences between discourses on green buildings including expectations, framings and understandings, activities as associated with living and working in buildings, as well as materialities of green buildings. Furthermore, we present a research agenda that highlights how wider everyday practices are affected by the entangled spatial dimensions of sustainability transitions which define different contexts and bring to the fore the role and importance of spatial scales in terms of the impact green buildings might have.
“You’re Not Alone”: How Adolescents Share Dysmenorrhea Experiences Through Vlogs
Authors: Mohammed Sarah S. , Gagnon Michelle M. , Cummings Jorden A.
Published: December 2023

Many adolescents experience severe pain during menstruation, yet their attempts to receive medical attention to alleviate or manage this pain are often met with dismissal or disbelief. In light of these barriers to care, many adolescents turn to social media to share their experiences with menstruation and pain, as well as hear from other members of their community. In this study, we investigated how adolescents present their experiences with menstruation in vlogs (or “video blogs”). Using critical qualitative methods and a four-column analysis structure, we transcribed and thematically analyzed the audio and video content of 17 YouTube vlogs wherein adolescents described their experiences with menstrual pain. We found that stylistically, the vloggers modulated between a polished documentary style and an intimate storytime style of video production. We additionally found that vloggers spoke about their menstrual pain experiences from three perspectives: as a Patient managing and diagnosing physical symptoms, as a Self considering how the pain affects their life and ambitions, and as a Teacher educating their audience. Considering both the visual and audio data, we discuss how healthcare providers can use these findings to inform their approach to discussing menstrual pain with adolescents. We further discuss possible future directions for research into health story sharing on social media.
How to achieve economic development through tourism? Different ways for different economies: A new approach through fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Durán-Román José Luis , Vena-Oya Julio , Núñez-Tabales Julia Margarita , Rey-Carmona Francisco José
Published: December 2023

Policy makers and tourism investors have a limited vision of how a certain level of tourism development is possible depending on country-specific conditions such as incomes and competitiveness factors. In this context, the aim of this research is to identify different strategies or solutions, based on different drivers of tourism competitiveness, that lead to tourism development in countries with different levels of per capita income. To this end, the Travel & Tourism Development Index will be used to answer the research questions raised. This paper proposes the use of an alternative methodology such as fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). As a result, a total of eight different strategies which lead to tourism development have been identified for the different categories considered, identifying the key drivers to achieve such development for the different economies.
Performance monitoring of assembled beam bridges using displacement spectrum similarity measure
Authors: Zheng Wenhao , Dan Danhui , Zhong Jiwen
Published: December 2023

The assembled beam bridge is a widespread construction, with transverse connections uniting precast beams to jointly support loads. These connections, while crucial, are the most vulnerable elements in such structures. Therefore, the development of an effective index for continuous condition assessment remains the cornerstone of structural health monitoring. The Displacement Spectrum Similarity Measure index, as per ideal conditions in numerical simulations, has shown insensitivity to short-term vehicle loads and sensitivity to transverse connection stiffness. This study extends its scope to address potential real-world interference factors, including measurement errors and deck pavement damage. Specifically, we introduce Gaussian white noise to simulate measurement errors and incorporate additional vehicle loads to emulate the impact of pavement damage. Numerical simulations confirm the robustness of the index against these challenges. Additionally, a real-time index extraction scheme is proposed and implemented on an operational bridge. The results reveal a close alignment between the transverse connection condition assessed by the index and the findings obtained through on-site surveys, thereby substantiating the viability and effectiveness of the index for real-world engineering contexts.
Coverage differences of Vladimir Putin’s image in the media of China, North Korea, Cuba, Vietnam and Laos
Authors: Luo Ling , Wang Hua
Published: December 2023

As one of the most powerful leaders in the world, there is a constant controversy about Vladimir Putin, brought to a climax by the war in 2022, which, in turn, provided the material for a comparative analysis of the news coverage of Vladimir Putin’s image as well as the strategies adopted when portraying Vladimir Putin’s image in People’s Daily from China, Rodong Sinmun from North Korea, Granma from Cuba, Báo Nhân Dân from Vietnam and Pasaxon from Laos. By calculating QAP correlation of five news network agendas and analyzing intermedia agenda-setting by Granger causality test and refining Vladimir Putin’s image as well as the strategies of each newspaper employed to shape Vladimir Putin’s image, this study found Vladimir Putin’s image was constructed rather positive in most of the five countries and there were also differences in the coverage strategies used by the media in these five countries.
International Competitions, Star Players, and NWSL Attendance
Authors: Stephenson E. Frank
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes match attendance for the National Women's Soccer League over its first seven seasons. Findings include large attendance boosts for matches played after the 2015 and 2019 Women's World Cup tournaments, but a negligible increase following the 2016 Summer Olympics. Large superstar effects for Alex Morgan and Abby Wambach are found as well as smaller effects for Sam Kerr and Carli Lloyd. Megan Rapinoe has a large star effect, but only for matches played following the Women's World Cups.
Introduction: Reproductive Justice
Authors: Giorgio Grace
Published: December 2023

This article introduces the four manuscripts for this special issue of CS/CM. The order of the articles is the same as the introduction: Planned Parenthood Before and After Roe: Historical Lessons for the Current Fight, Relocating Reproductive Justice in Donor Sperm and Egg Capitalism, Let’s Make the Womb Safe Again, and Everyday Practices, Unaffordable Rights, Radical Liberation.
Everyday Practices, Unaffordable Rights, Radical Liberation: Reproductive Justice Direct Service Activism
Authors: Gantt-Shafer Jessica
Published: December 2023

In post- Roe America, access to reproductive care is rapidly dwindling, with the criminalization of abortion on the rise. Yet, in these frustrating and perilous times, organizations, activists, and volunteers facilitate access to care every day via digital direct service activism. This article is a meditation on the transformational nature of direct service praxis in the contemporary reproductive justice movement. To document my own ongoing transformation, I include autoethnographic reflections on my experiences as a direct service volunteer from August 2021 to December 2022. Practices such as distributing abortion funding and peer counseling on an anonymous talkline have transformed my understanding and experience of liberation work. I want to draw attention to these quiet actions and exchanges that often go unnoticed in our loud, neoliberal capitalist context. These communions of care and connection help forge the future now, in small, radical, and tangible ways.
Tripping the Light Fantastic: A Collaborative Autoethnography on Choreography, Dance, and (Black) Experience
Authors: Alexander Bryant Keith , Wideman-Davis Tanya , LeBlanc Loo Rosalynde , Davis Thaddeus
Published: December 2023

This collaborative autoethnography invites the reader to experience and audience four performative reflections on the prompt “tripping the light fantastic” as a foray into experiences with/through dance as performative cultural practice, along with an invitation to reflect on experiences of their own relations to culture, dance, being, and becoming.
csa2sls: A complete subset approach for many instruments using Stata
Authors: Lee Seojeong , Lee Siha , Owusu Julius , Shin Youngki
Published: December 2023

We developed a command, csa2sls, that implements the complete subset averaging two-stage least-squares (CSA2SLS) estimator in Lee and Shin (2021, Econometrics Journal 24: 290–314). The CSA2SLS estimator is an alternative to the two-stage least-squares estimator that remedies the bias issue caused by many correlated instruments. We conduct Monte Carlo simulations and confirm that the CSA2SLS estimator reduces both the mean squared error and the estimation bias substantially when instruments are correlated. We illustrate the usage of csa2sls in Stata with an empirical application.
Leverage, influence, and the jackknife in clustered regression models: Reliable inference using summclust
Authors: MacKinnon James G. , Nielsen Morten Ørregaard , Webb Matthew D.
Published: December 2023

We introduce a new command, summclust, that summarizes the cluster structure of the dataset for linear regression models with clustered disturbances. The key unit of observation for such a model is the cluster. We therefore propose cluster-level measures of leverage, partial leverage, and influence and show how to compute them quickly in most cases. The measures of leverage and partial leverage can be used as diagnostic tools to identify datasets and regression designs in which cluster–robust inference is likely to be challenging. The measures of influence can provide valuable information about how the results depend on the data in the various clusters. We also show how to calculate two jackknife variance matrix estimators efficiently as a by-product of our other computations. These estimators, which are already available in Stata, are generally more conservative than conventional variance matrix estimators. The summclust command computes all the quantities that we discuss.
Improving flexibility and ease of matrix subsetting: The submatrix command
Authors: Spinelli Daniele
Published: December 2023

Matrix manipulation in Stata can be a time-consuming and tedious task, especially when it is necessary to subset or rearrange elements from large matrices based on nonconsecutive elements. Compared with Mata, these tasks require more time, more code, and sometimes more complex output. The purpose of this article is to introduce submatrix, a command to manipulate matrix elements using row (and column) names, numbers, and equations.
Speaking Stata: Finding the denominator: Minimum sample size from percentages
Authors: Cox Nicholas J.
Published: December 2023

Percentage breakdowns for a series of classes or categories are sometimes reported without a specification of class frequencies or even the total sample size. This column surveys the problem of estimating the minimum sample size and class frequencies consistent with a reported breakdown and a particular resolution. I introduce and explain a new command, find_denom. Rounding quirks whereby a total is reported as above or below 100% are discussed as a complication.
Making Life Look Perfect and Glorifying the Sorority Chapter: A Content Analysis of Body Image, Social Media Use, and Disordered Eating in College Women
Authors: Skubisz Christine , Yates Julia M. , Doyle Jamie L. , Pacanowski Carly R.
Published: December 2023

Social comparison is heightened by social media use and is linked to disordered eating. Compared to other developmental groups, emerging adults use social media most often. College-aged women and those who are members of sororities, which place a high value on appearance, may be especially vulnerable to social comparison and disordered eating. To learn about these topics, individual interviews and focus groups were conducted at a large university. A structured protocol covered body image, social media, disordered eating, and campus health programming. Most participants defined body image as externally focused, noting physical appearance. All interviewees talked about appearance with their peers and most had discussed weight and diet. All participants reported that their peers engaged in disordered eating. Instagram was the most influential social media platform and retouching software was universally used to alter the face or slim the body. Focus groups with sorority members elicited similar results. Instagram was the most common platform for chapter accounts and was used for recruitment. Participants noted that attractive members were featured most often and reported pressure to look good when wearing sorority letters. Social media is ingrained in society, making it critical to understand its influence on disordered eating in emerging adults.
Factors associated with the presence of fear of contagion and burnout syndrome in nursing personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jiménez Padilla Eduardo Amaranto , Galindo Vázquez Oscar , Jiménez Flores Juan , Costas Muñiz Rosario , Meneses García Abelardo
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing personnel presented a higher prevalence of fear of contagion, anxiety symptoms, depression, and burnout syndrome. However, the variables associated with these conditions in Mexico are unknown.

Objective:

To determine the clinical, sociodemographic, and psychological variables associated with fear of contracting COVID-19 and burnout syndrome in nursing personnel.

Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional correlational study. It included 423 Mexican nursing professionals, working in public and private institutions, of different specialties aged 18–61 years ( M = 36 years), the sampling was non-probabilistic by convenience. The instruments used were: COVID-19 fear scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyse the results.

Results:

The factors associated with fear of contagion were anxiety symptoms (Odds Ratio [OR]: 7.806, p < 0.05), caring for patients with COVID-19 (OR: 5.460, p < 0.05, 0.001) and mild emotional exhaustion (OR: 5.181, p < 0.05). The syndrome dimensions were: depressive symptoms (OR: 12.062; 7.667, p < 0.05), fear of contagion (OR: 4.978; 4.913; 4.921; 4.921, p < 0.01), marital status (OR: 3.404; 3.219, p < 0.05) and young age (OR: 1.064; 1.084, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The factors associated with fear of contagion and burnout syndrome found were having clinical psychological symptoms, as well as being young, being single, being married and being in the health system caring for patients with COVID-19.
Patient-reported function, quality of life and prosthesis wear in adults born with one hand: a national cohort study
Authors: Sletten Ida Neergård , Klungsøyr Kari , Garratt Andrew , Jokihaara Jarkko
Published: December 2023

We invited individuals aged above 16 years with a congenital transverse reduction deficiency at and above the wrist born in Norway between 1970 and 2006 to complete the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure, the 5-Level EuroQoL-5-Dimension instrument, the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and a single-item questionnaire on arm function, appearance, pain and prosthesis wear. Of 154 eligible participants, 58 (38%) responded. Their scores were not different from the general population. All had been offered prostheses, and 56 (97%) had been fitted at a median age of 1 year (interquartile range 0–2.8). Of the participants, 37 (64%) were still prosthesis wearers, while 21 (36%) were non-wearers or using gripping devices only. Prosthesis wearers had higher levels of ‘vitality’ as assessed by the RAND-36 and rated their arm appearance higher, but there were no other score differences, indicating that prosthesis rejection is not associated with worse functional outcomes.

Level of evidence: III
Treatment of Dynamic Claw Toe Deformity Through Lengthening of the Flexor Tendons of the Hallux and Toes at the Midfoot Level
Authors: Mansur Henrique , Lucas Phelipe Pinheiro Alves , Maranho Daniel Augusto
Published: December 2023

The claw toe deformity is characterized by the flexion of interphalangeal joints (IPJs) with hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. It can be flexible and reducible or rigid and irreducible, or dynamic. The most common cause of dynamic claw toes is a neurological disorder, like sequelae of an ischemic contracture of the muscle belly after a compartment syndrome. Most of the surgical techniques require multiple procedures and may be associated with complications such as toe stiffness, persisting metatarsalgia, and toe malalignment. The aim of this study is to present an option for the surgical treatment of the dynamic claw toe deformity, by simultaneous tenodesis and lengthening of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendons at Henry’s knot through a single midfoot incision.

Levels of Evidence: V; Therapeutic Study; Expert Opinion
Cardiac arrest in the setting of probable catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in young patient with a history of COVID infection and polyglandular disorder—Case report
Authors: Nahidi Seyed M , Garg Yash , Mahadeo Devi S , Sharma Manjari , Acosta Cesar , Seetharam Karthik , Obi Mukosolu F
Published: December 2023

Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis and recurrent spontaneous abortions due to the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Probable Catastrophic antiphospholipid (Catastrophic antiphospholipid-like syndrome) is a life-threatening presentation of antiphospholipid syndrome which manifests as intravascular thrombosis, leading to rapid onset of symptoms and involvement of multiple organ systems. We present a case of a 28-year-old woman with a history of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, provoked bilateral deep vein thrombosis in the setting of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection 2 years prior, and hypothyroidism who presents with a cardiac arrest in the setting of an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction with thromboembolic occlusion of two coronary arteries simultaneously in the setting of noncompliance with anticoagulation for the past 1 week. Her presentation was further complicated by acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage during the hospital course with progressive multiorgan failure and eventual death. Catastrophic antiphospholipid is associated with high morbidity and mortality, thus a timely diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach to management is needed for evaluation and management.