bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Reading Strategies and Models in Learning and Teaching of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Amini Mansour , Zahabi Ali , Amini Davoud , Hosseini Seyed Saber Alavi
Published: November 2024

Reading skill is a text-oriented cognitive capability applied when interacting with the written text. It is an essential skill that affects language learning and even academic achievement. Despite research on language learning has focused and contributed to the expansion of English language reading research, EFL students and even teachers are often unaware of the reader-oriented strategies used in learning and teaching reading. Existence of this gap, however, does not justify the idea of having a sole model for reading across various genres and types of assignments as it seems unrealistic. Therefore, highlighting the key models in the area, this article critically reviews the previous studies conducted on reading strategies and reading comprehension skill and proposes a framework for exploring reading strategies in teaching and learning of English as a Foreign Language. This review may have some theoretical implications for the learners, instructors and researchers in learning, teaching, and conducting research on reading strategies.
Need analysis of English for Hospitality students: A case study in Sungai Petani Community College
Authors: Gopal Krishnavehni , Quah Wei Boon , Gengatharan Sasikumar
Published: November 2024

Malaysia, as a rapidly developing nation, plays a crucial role in equipping its graduates with all the necessary skills which are considered highly in demand in the current market. Course designers need to consider the target learning needs of ESP students in redesigning an appropriate syllabus that will cater to their working needs. Needs analysis is a way of determining and outlining syllabus and teaching methods to achieve a valuable learning environment. Instructors and teachers conducting English classes ought to identify their students’ needs to build an appropriate curriculum that facilitates a better learning process. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the English Language needs of Community College English for Hospitality students. 40 internship Hospitality students from a Community College, and 40 industry personnel participated in this study. All these participants were from Malaysia. The questionnaires were used as the main instruments in this study. The finding shows that 62.5% of the respondents’ main reason for learning English is to improve their speaking skills as they are mainly dealing with answering telephone calls, inquiries on hotel facilities as well as handling hotel reservations. The finding further reveals that major emphasis should be given to listening and speaking skills as they are more widely used when dealing with the guests. It is hoped that the findings of this study are used to propose an English for Specific Purposes syllabus, which would benefit future hospitality students in public or private colleges.
Google Translate vs. DeepL: A quantitative evaluation of close-language pair translation (French to English)
Authors: Yulianto Ahmad , Supriatnaningsih Rina
Published: November 2024

Machine translation has improved in quality and worked best when applied to language pair of the same language family. This research was aimed to assess the quality of Google Translate and DeepL in terms of accuracy and readability. French to English translation data of En attendant Godot playscript by GT and DeepL were evaluated. The English Original version (EO) of the text served as reference. Two quantitative methods were employed i.e., manual with SAE J2450 translation metric and automatic assessment with Coh Metrix tool. The result of manual assessment shows that GT and DeepL outputs passed the grade, scoring 84 and 99.04 respectively. Referring to CdT Rubric, a translation is good when it has 80 - 99 points. In Coh-Metrix result GT and DeepL scores varied. Statistical analysis with ANOVA shows that GT and DeepL are not significantly different from EO. EO mean score is 99.69, GT is 100.4 and DeepL is 100.78. In conclusion, DeepL scores higher in manual assessment, indicative of its accuracy while GT and DeepL are more or less the same in Coh-Metrix assessment. In terms of readability, DeepL offers better reading ease as proved by Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Coh Metrix Readability formulas, all in favor of DeepL. Despite this statistical result, there are many things that GT and DeepL need to improve like world knowledge and ability to decipher lexical and structural ambiguities.
A Delphi Study of Effective Practices for Determining the Competencies of Elementary Music Teachers
Authors: Manila Benjie M. , Dayanan Honey Bert G. , Santos Gloria S. , Quiroz Samuel A.
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the competencies essential for elementary music teachers by exploring effective practices and insights of experts in music education. Using a three-round Delphi method with twelve music education experts, the study collected and refined competencies across three stages. In Round 1, qualitative data were thematically analysed to identify competency domains. In Round 2, participants ranked these domains and competencies by importance, with agreement levels assessed using Kendall’s W. Round 3 sought consensus by allowing participants to review collective rankings and explanations. Results revealed seven key domains, with Musical Skills emerging as the most essential, with the ability to play an instrument being the most important competency.
Puisi Konkrit: Satu Penelitian Berdasarkan Pendekatan Semiotik
Authors: Suliman Mohd Saipuddin , Ab. Jabar Nordiana , Daeng Jamal Daeng Haliza , Sukri Suraya , Radzuan Ainul Wahida , Muhd Shukri Fatimah , Raja Hassan Tuan Rusmawati , Lim Ying Xuan
Published: November 2024

Makalah ini mengaplikasi pendekatan semiotik sebagai kaedah dalam menginterpretasi puisi konkrit Tri-V (verbal-vokal-visual) “Gakgakgak” ciptaan Abdul Ghafar Ibrahim (AGI). Fragmen penelitian dibahagikan kepada dua. Pertama meneliti kaedah penganalisisan pendekatan semiotik. Kedua menganalisis maksud-maksud perlambangan yang dikonstruk dalam puisi Tri-V “Gakgakgak”. Berdasarkan kepada penelitian yang dijalankan terhadap kedua-dua fragmen di atas, didapati pendekatan semiotik memainkan peranan untuk mengkategorikan tanda serta petanda dalam merungkai makna tersurat mahupun tersirat dalam puisi “Gakgakgak”. Dapatan kajian mendapati, puisi ini cuba mengangkat suara masyarakat bawahan dalam memprotes serta menuntut hak mereka yang sekian lama dirampas serta dinafikan. Kesemua elemen ini dikenal pasti berdasarkan pentafsiran kodifikasi pendekatan semiotik. Secara kesimpulannya, puisi Tri-V AGI merupakan karya yang unik dan sarat dengan perlambangan serta sesuai untuk ditekuni oleh penuntut IPTA/IPTS khususnya yang mengambil kursus Kesusasteraan Melayu.
Kesahan Kandungan dan Kebolehpercayaan: Modul Asas Membaca Anakku (MAMA) di Prasekolah
Authors: Rashidi Nur Hidayah , Samsudin Nurul Haniza , Mohd Nasir Nur Yuhanis
Published: November 2024

Akibat pandemik Covid-19 yang telah berlaku sebelum ini menyebabkan krisis dalam pembelajaran terutama penguasaan kemahiran membaca dalam kalangan kanak-kanak sehingga menjadi tumpuan kerana ramai murid telah ketinggalan disebabkan penutupan sekolah. Keperluan penghasilan modul asas membaca bahasa Melayu untuk membantu menyelesaikan masalah penguasaan kemahiran membaca ini diperlukan bagi memastikan murid dapat belajar asas membaca dengan baik dan praktikal. Tambahan pula, ketiadaan modul membaca khusus daripada pihak Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia menjadi pendorong kajian ini dilaksanakan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesahan kandungan dan kebolehpercayaan Modul Asas Membaca Anakku (MAMA) untuk pembelajaran asas membaca bahasa Melayu kepada murid prasekolah. Kajian ini berbentuk kajian kuantitatif, iaitu menggunakan kaedah tinjauan berdasarkan pandangan pakar dan guru melalui soal selidik yang berkaitan dengan kandungan MAMA. Borang selidik kesahan kandungan dinilai oleh panel penilai (pakar) dan borang selidik kebolehpercayaan dinilai oleh guru prasekolah (pengamal). Responden yang terlibat dalam penilaian kesahan kandungan ialah lima orang pakar yang terdiri daripada pelbagai bidang seperti Bahasa Melayu, pembangunan modul, awal literasi dan pendidikan awal kanak-kanak, manakala responden bagi penilaian kebolehpercayaan ialah 30 orang guru prasekolah yang mengajar di tadika KEMAS. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan MAMA memperoleh kesahan kandungan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi. Kajian ini juga telah mendapati tiga elemen, iaitu kandungan, pedagogi dan reka bentuk modul merupakan penyumbang kepada kesahan kandungan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi dan gabungan tiga elemen tersebut merupakan dapatan baharu bagi sebuah kerangka pembangunan modul membaca berbentuk buku. Justeru, MAMA merupakan sebuah modul yang sesuai kandungannya untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan rujukan kepada guru prasekolah dalam membantu murid mempelajari asas membaca bahasa Melayu pada peringkat prasekolah.
Hikayat Tanah Jauh dari Perspektif Realisme Magis
Authors: Raja Hassan Tuan Rusmawati , Safei Mawar
Published: November 2024

Kemunculan aliran realisme magis dilihat melalui gabungan antara dua dunia, iaitu dunia nyata dan dunia fantasi yang membawa pemikiran baru dalam karya sastera. Penelitian terhadap realisme magis dalam suatu karya sastera sangat penting kerana pada dasarnya realisme magis merupakan satu refleksi yang nyata mengenai budaya dan sosial masyarakat. Kajian ini meneliti novel Hikayat Tanah Jauh (2015). Ia dikerjakan menggunakan kerangka realisme magis oleh Wendy B. Faris (2004). Terdapat lima prinsip dalam dasar fahaman realisme magis Wendy B. Faris iaitu elemen yang tidak boleh dijelaskan (irreducible element), dunia fenomena (phenomenal world), elemen yang diragui (unsettling doubt), alam yang bergabung (merging realms), dan berlaku gangguan waktu, ruang, dan identiti (disruption of time, space, and identity). Ditemukan, novel ini akrab dengan prinsip elemen yang tidak dapat dijelaskan, elemen yang diragui dan elemen gangguan waktu, ruang dan identiti. Novel ini didapati memanfaatkan realisme magis dalam penciptaan latar dan watak. Pengarang melakarkan watak wanita “si pemakan berlian”. Pengarang juga membawa pembaca ke “Tanah Jauh”, sebuah wilayah persis negeri Melayu sebagaimana dalam karya sastera tradisional. Turut diperagakan “Tanah Jauh” sebagai sebuah kota yang sepi akibat pemimpinnya yang menggilai emas. Jelas bahawa Zainal Abidin Rashid menggunakan novel sebagai alat dalam menyampaikan ideologi, pegangan dan pemikirannya.
Ketidakselarasan Sistem Ejaan dan Sebutan Perkataan dalam Buku Teks Bahasa Semai: Satu Penelitian Awal
Authors: Pelet Mohamad Nik Mat , Megat Mutiara , Damsik Juliana , Samud Nurul Nadia , Harijaman Norita , Salleh Noor Saadah
Published: November 2024

Mata pelajaran Bahasa Semai merupakan mata pelajaran yang baharu sahaja diperkenalkan dalam sistem pendidikan negara sejak tahun 2012 secara berperingkat dari sekolah rendah sehingga ke sekolah menengah. Bahasa Semai hanya ditawarkan di sekolah-sekolah tertentu yang mempunyai murid Orang Asli sebagaimana penawaran bahasa Iban dan bahasa Kadazan Dusun yang hanya ditawarkan di sekolah tertentu di Sarawak dan Sabah. Semakan terhadap kurikulum tersebut juga telah dilaksanakan pada tahun 2017 bagi menilai semula kandungan kemahiran yang diajar termasuk menstruktur semula kemahiran-kemahiran untuk tempoh lima tahun. Walau bagaimanapun, penelitian awal mendapati panduan ejaan dan sebutan perkataan bahasa Semai yang digunakan dalam Buku Teks Bahasa Semai tidak seragam dan konsisten. Ejaan dan sebutan yang berubah-ubah digunakan dalam buku teks sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah menyebabkan usaha pembentukan, pemahaman dan pengukuhan murid-murid dalam bahasa Semai terbantut. Kajian kualitatif secara analisis dokumen digunakan bagi membantu pengkaji bagi mencapai objektif kajian yang dilaksana iaitu meneroka ejaan dan sebutan bahasa Semai dalam buku teks sekolah rendah dan menengah serta mengenal pasti bilangan vokal dan konsonan bahasa Semai bagi membolehkan penentuan terhadap sistem ejaan dan sebutan bahasa Semai. Dapatan kajian mendapati masih terdapat isu berkaitan ketidakselarasan ejaan dan sebutan yang digunakan dalam buku teks Bahasa Semai walaupun mata pelajaran tersebut telah melalui penilaian semula dengan melaksanakan semakan kurikulum. Justeru, penemuan 8 vokal dan 16 konsonan dijadikan sebagai pedoman terhadap proses pembentukan ejaan dan sebutan perkataan bahasa Semai ke arah memantapkan mata pelajaran Bahasa Semai di sekolah.
Analisis Implementasi Sistem Akuntansi Manajemen terhadap Pengendalian Internal dan Pengambilan Keputusan pada Sanggar Bimbingan (SB) Permai Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Wardani Greshela Ayudya , Irma Indira  , Evi Dwi Kartikasari  , Heti Nur Aini
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji mengenai Implemen- tasi Sistem Akuntansi Manajemen terhadap Pengendalian Internal dan Pengambilan Keputusan Pada SB Permai Penang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pengamatan secara langsung (observasi) dan wawancara kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa implementasi sistem akuntansi manajemen pada SB Permai Penang belum efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan sistem yang digunakan masih bersifat manual sehingga rentan terjadinya kesalahan ataupun kecurangan. Prosedur dan kebijakan pengendalian internal yang diterapkan untuk mengatasi risiko operasional, keuangan, dan kepatuhan melibat- kan penerapan prosedur dan kebijakan seperti verifikasi transaksi, audit internal dan pengawasan manajemen. Informasi yang dihasilkan dari sistem akuntansi manajemen digunakan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan manajerial di SB Permai Penang. Manajemen memastikan bahwa keputusan yang diambil didasarkan pada informasi yang akurat dan relevan melalui validasi data, analisis komprehensif, dan keterlibatan stake- holder.
Analisis Pengelolaan Aset Idle di Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Khaerul Umam  , Reny Wardiningsih  , Lalu Andika Noviawan
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk aset idle milik pemerintah daerah lombok tengah serta tindak lanjut terkait hal tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Sumber data yang digunakan yakni data primer yang didapatkan dengan melakukan wawancara secara langsung dan data sekunder yakni dokumen atau data aset.
Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa aset idle berupa gedung dan bangunan yang dimiliki pemerintah daerah lombok tengah. Pengelolaan aset idle sama dengan pengelolaan aset pada umumnya dan aset-aset tersebut tidak ada pencatatan khusus serta masuk ke dalam aset tetap atau aset lainnya. Kurangnya minat dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap aset tersebut menjadi pemicu munculnya aset idle. Secara umum, pengelolaan aset telah dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada, meski demikian terdapat hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dan dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah kabupaten Lombok tengah. Hal-hal tersebut yakni terkait pemeliharaan, penggunaan dan pemanfaatan terhadap beberapa aset sehingga aset-aset tersebut lebih produktif dan bermanfaat.
Using Case Scenarios to Foster Critical Thinking Skills among Graduate Students
Authors: Lamaro Gloria , Kimoga Joseph , Nampiija Dianah , Reichert Frank
Published: November 2024

In a rapidly evolving professional landscape, critical thinking is paramount for success. This study investigated the transformative impact of case scenarios on enhancing critical thinking skills among graduate students at Gulu University. The purpose was to examine how these scenarios facilitated the practical application of theoretical concepts, fostering a deeper understanding of complex issues. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, the researchers conducted interviews and focus group discussions with recent graduates, current graduate students, and lecturers, providing comprehensive insights into participants’ perceptions and experiences regarding case scenarios. Results indicated that participants viewed critical thinking as essential for both academic achievement and professional competence. Case scenarios emerged as instrumental in promoting analytical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and the synthesis of diverse perspectives. Graduates reported significant improvements in their capacity to deconstruct complex issues, critically evaluate evidence, and generate innovative solutions. The study also highlighted the importance of incorporating culturally diverse scenarios, which enriched students' understanding of various socio-economic contexts crucial for their professional development. However, it identified gaps in the systematic integration of case scenarios into the curriculum, suggesting a need for more consistent application and institutional support. In conclusion, the findings emphasized the critical role of case scenarios in cultivating the skills necessary to navigate the complexities of modern professional environments. By effectively bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, these scenarios enhanced students’ analytical and creative capabilities, preparing them to tackle multifaceted problems. Educational stakeholders were urged to prioritize the integration of diverse, contemporary case scenarios into curricula, while future research should focus on longitudinal studies assessing the long-term impact of these scenarios on students' critical thinking skills
The Use of Tablets in Teaching: Examining Competencies, Challenges and Opportunities among Public Primary School Teachers in Tanzania
Authors: Prosper Ancyfrida , Nderego Edgar Fidel
Published: November 2024

Technology is increasingly becoming inevitable in the transformation of socio-economic practices including education. The integration of technological tools e.g. tablets, computers and mobile phones in teaching and learning has gained significant attention in recent years. This research investigates competencies, challenges and opportunities associated with the use of tablets in teaching in primary schools in Tanzania. In this study, a questionnaire survey was deployed to collect data from 130 teachers in 10 schools which were randomly selected. It was found that primary school teachers have a moderate level of competence in using tablets for teaching (M = 3.78, SD = .46177). Secondly, the findings revealed a moderate level of challenges when it comes to incorporating tablets into their teaching methods. However, the study depicted opportunities created by the integration of tablets in teaching among teachers. These opportunities include innovative teaching strategies and fostering professional growth to facilitate collaboration and communication, as well as broadening the subjects/content to teach. The study recommends training among teachers in order to enable the utilization of tablet technology. The study concludes that it is crucial to address the identified challenges and capitalize on the opportunities in order to harness the power of technology in education
Static Voltage Stability Analysis with the Integration of Distributed Generation: An Albanian Case Study
Authors: Rrotani Viktor , Bualoti Rajmonda , Çelo Marialis
Published: November 2024

Modern power networks face significant operational uncertainties that can threaten the stability of the power grid, due to the rising integration of distributed generation (DG), particularly from renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic plants. The integration of distributed generation (DG) into power systems has become a pivotal factor in enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of electricity supply. This paper presents a detailed static voltage stability analysis of the Albanian power grid, focused on the effects of the Karavasta Photovoltaic Park, one of Albania’s largest renewable energy projects. Using a combination of P-V and Q-V curves, V-Q sensitivity analysis, and modal analysis, the study reveals significant improvements in the system’s voltage stability following the integration of the PV plant. The NEPLAN software is used for voltage stability analysis. Particularly, the reactive power margin at the critical node Nst. Babice increased considerably from -82.009 MVAr to -1061.2 MVAr, while the system’s loading margin improved from 99.08% to 101.97%, demonstrating that the integration of large-scale PV generation enhances voltage stability by providing additional reactive power support and improving the grid’s resilience to voltage collapse. Furthermore, the modal analysis identified the Bistrice-Delvine-Sarande buses as the system’s weakest points, highlighting areas where additional reinforcement is required. As more renewable energy has to be integrated into the grid, the study also emphasizes the importance of making targeted interventions at critical buses and branches to ensure long-term stability. The results of this research are essential for Albania’s energy transition as the country seeks to diversify its energy sources, especially solar power. More generally, the methodologies and results in this paper provide a suggestion for maintaining power system voltage stability with increased renewable energy penetration.
Real-world experience and long-term outcomes of a mandatory non-medical switch of adalimumab originator to biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Liu Chen Kiow Jeremy , Hoang Thomas , Bedi Harjot K , Majdzadeh Ardekani Zhina , Rosenfeld Daniel , Reise-Filteau Marica , Bressler Brian , Leung Yvette , Rosenfeld Greg
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Over the last decade, the treatment options for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have significantly progressed with the emergence of new medications designed to target various immune pathways and mitigate inflammation. Adalimumab (ADA) is a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist and stands as an effective treatment for IBD. In April 2021, the province of British Columbia implemented a mandatory non-medical switch policy of the ADA originator Humira® to ADA biosimilars. Biosimilars offer a potential cost-effective, safe, and efficacious alternative to the originator, yet there remains limited real-world evidence on long-term outcomes of ADA non-medical switching in IBD.

AIM

To assess the long-term outcomes of non-medical switching from the ADA originator Humira® to an ADA biosimilar among IBD patients.

METHODS

A retrospective observational chart review study was conducted on IBD patients eligible for the provincially mandated non-medical switch to an ADA biosimilar. The primary outcome was treatment persistence at 30 months post-switch. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of and reasons for therapy alteration or ADA discontinuation, loss of response (LOR) rates, adverse events (AE), and clinical and biochemical remission status. Patients who remained on the originator throughout the switch period, through compassionate support or private pay, constituted the comparison group.

RESULTS

Patients in the originator (n = 43) and biosimilar switch (n = 228) groups displayed similar demographics and baseline disease characteristics. By the study endpoint of 30 months, there was no difference in the rate of treatment persistence in either group (n = 36, 83.7% originator group vs n = 201, 88.2% biosimilar group, P = 0.451). Treatment persistence demonstrated similar rates of discontinuation between both study groups (log-rank P = 0.543). There was a numerical but not statistically significant difference in rates of adverse outcomes between either group (39.5% originator vs 28.9% biosimilars, P = 0.206). This included comparable rates of LOR (27.9% vs 17.5%) or AE (11.6% vs 11.4%) between the originator and biosimilar cohorts, respectively. C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin levels were similar one year pre- and post-switch.

CONCLUSION

These data support the long-term efficacy and safety of non-medical ADA switching in IBD and will help inform patients and physicians in jurisdictions currently undergoing biosimilar switching.
Should we pay more attention to the potential link between Helicobacter pylori and esophageal cancer in Asian countries
Authors: Liu Jie , Liu Ying-Ling
Published: November 2024

The presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection has been indicated to have a protective influence on esophageal cancer (EC) in some studies, but its specific impact on the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma remains inconclusive. This manuscript comment addresses the recent study by López-Gómez et al . Despite it was a retrospective observational study without a control group, this study revealed a notably low prevalence of H. pylori infection among EC patients, indicating a potential association between H. pylori and EC in Spain. It is important to note that the relationship between H. pylori and the risk of EC varies geographically. We also conducted a meta-analysis focusing on this association in Asian populations to offer precise clinical insights. However, no significant correlation between H. pylori infection and EC was identified, suggesting that the perceived protective effect of H. pylori against EC may have been overestimated in the Asian population.
Fanlian Huazhuo Formula: A promising herbal preparation for metabolic liver disease
Authors: Singla Bhupesh
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has increased significantly in recent decades and is projected to increase further due to the rising obesity rates. MASLD patients are at higher risk of developing advanced liver diseases “cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma” as well as liver- or cardiovascular-related mortality. Existing lipid-lowering therapies failed to reduce the risk of mortality in these patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for pharmacotherapies that can control and even reverse this disease. Fanlian Huazhuo Formula (FLHZF) is a combination herbal preparation, and its various individual constituents regulate hepatic lipid metabolism, adipose tissue inflammation, and gut microbiota. Despite, these useful effects, limited information is available on its benefits in diet-induced hepatosteatosis. In this article, we discuss the research findings recently published about the therapeutic effects of FLHZF in suppressing MASLD development and underlying mechanisms. Utilizing a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, the authors demonstrated for the first time that FLHZF suppresses MASLD in male mice possibly by inhibiting hepatic de novo lipogenesis pathways and reducing hepatocyte death. This study paves the way for future investigations aimed at investigating FLHZF’s role in inhibiting lipogenesis particularly using radioactively-labeled glucose and acetate, and governing hepatocyte mitochondrial function, gut microbiome profile, and its effects in other models of MASLD, and female mice.
Gut microbiota and mesenteric adipose tissue interactions in shaping phenotypes and treatment strategies for Crohn’s disease
Authors: Hasnaoui Anis , Trigui Racem , Giuffrida Mario
Published: November 2024

In this letter, we commented on the article by Wu et al . We examined the interactions between mesenteric adipose tissue, creeping fat, and gut microbiota in Crohn’s disease (CD), a condition marked by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation with a rising global incidence. The pathogenesis of CD involves complex genetic, environmental, and microbial factors. Dysbiosis, which is an imbalance in gut microbial communities, is frequently observed in CD patients, highlighting the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in disease progression and the inflammatory response. Recent studies have shown that mesenteric adipose tissue and creeping fat actively contribute to inflammation by producing proinflammatory cytokines. The relationship between creeping fat and altered microbiota can shift from a potentially protective role to one that encourages bacterial translocation, further complicating disease management. Recent research has suggested that fecal microbiota transplantation could help restore microbial balance, offering a promising therapeutic strategy to improve clinical disease response.
Fenômeno De Arlequim: Relato De Caso Raro
Authors: Silveira Kiane Christie da , Silva Santos Bárbara Helena da , Nery dos Santos Micheli , Moura Priscilla Guerra
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O fenômeno de Arlequim caracteriza-se por uma mudança súbita na cor da pele, dividindo-a em uma metade pálida e outra pletórica com uma linha limite ao longo do corpo. Pode ser irregular, poupando áreas como braços, pernas, tronco, rosto e/ou genitália. A condição costuma ser breve, com reversão rápida e retorno da coloração natural em minutos.
Objetivo: Relatar um caso de fenômeno de Arlequim atendido em nosso Serviço.
Método: Atendimento a um recém-nascido no Serviço de Neonatologia do Hospital Universitário São Francisco na Providência de Deus – HUSF, Bragança Paulista, SP.
Relato do Caso: O paciente H. H. R. S., recém-nascido pré-termo tardio de 36 semanas e 1 dia, apresentou, além de hipoglicemia neonatal e dificuldades respiratórias, o raro fenômeno de Arlequim no segundo dia de vida. O fenômeno se manifestou como hiperemia em todo o hemicorpo direito, com melhora espontânea em 5 minutos, sem necessidade de intervenção. O paciente seguiu internado com acompanhamento cardiológico e controle da hipertrofia septal, recebendo alta em 07/03 com orientação de seguimento ambulatorial.
Conclusão: O caso ilustra a importância do manejo intensivo em recém-nascidos com condições complexas, como o fenômeno de Arlequim, que requer rápida identificação. A resposta ao tratamento permitiu alta hospitalar em boas condições. O seguimento é essencial para monitorar a hipertrofia septal e assegurar o desenvolvimento saudável do paciente.
Worry and rumination elicit similar neural representations: neuroimaging evidence for repetitive negative thinking
Authors: Puccetti Nikki A. , Stamatis Caitlin A. , Timpano Kiara R. , Heller Aaron S.
Published: November 2024

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) captures shared cognitive and emotional features of content-specific cognition, including future-focused worry and past-focused rumination. The degree to which these distinct but related processes recruit overlapping neural structures is undetermined, because most neuroscientific studies only examine worry or rumination in isolation. To address this, we developed a paradigm to elicit idiographic worries and ruminations during an fMRI scan in 39 young adults with a range of trait RNT scores. We measured concurrent emotion ratings and heart rate as a physiological metric of arousal. Multivariate representational similarity analysis revealed that regions distributed across default mode, salience, and frontoparietal control networks encode worry and rumination similarly. Moreover, heart rate did not differ between worry and rumination. Capturing the shared neural features between worry and rumination throughout networks supporting self-referential processing, memory, salience detection, and cognitive control provides novel empirical evidence to bolster cognitive and clinical models of RNT.
A Comprehensive Analysis Of The Techniques In Unsupervised Machine Learning For Removing Artefacts In Electrodermal Activity
Authors: Rathi Krishna
Published: November 2024

In any data preprocessing pipeline for physiological time series data, artefact detection and removal is an essential step, particularly when the data are obtained outside of controlled experimental circumstances. Given that these artefacts are frequently easily recognised with the naked eye, unsupervised machine learning methods seem like a viable alternative to manually labelled training datasets. Current techniques are frequently heuristic-based, non-generalizable, or designed for less artifact-prone, controlled experimental environments. In this work, we evaluate three such unsupervised learning techniques: K-nearest neighbour distance, isolation forests, and 1-class support vector machines. These algorithms are used to analyse electrodermal activity (EDA) data obtained during surgery in order to identify heavy cautery-related artefact. In order to provide inputs for the unsupervised learning techniques, we first defined 12 characteristics for every half-second frame. We contrasted the top-performing unsupervised learning technique for each subject with four other current approaches for the elimination of EDA artefacts. The only learning strategy that was successful in completely eliminating the artefact for each of the six subjects was unsupervised learning. In complex circumstances, this technique can be readily extended to different modalities of physiological data.
Developing An Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbot For And Early And Effective Prediction Of Various Diseases
Authors: Agarwal Saksham
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and chatbot technology have emerged as promising solutions for enhancing healthcare services. AI chatbots, with their ability to mimic human-like interactions, are revolutionizing tasks such as patient triaging and medical advice. This review focuses on the use of AI chatbots in disease prediction, exploring their effectiveness and potential for early intervention and treatment. The aim of this systematic literature review is to analyze studies related to AI chatbot technology in disease prediction. A total of 24 selected journals were systematically reviewed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review protocol included examining studies published across various years, with a focus on articles from 2020. The findings underscore the significant potential of AI chatbots in predicting diseases and aiding healthcare professionals in making informed decisions. By harnessing machine learning algorithms and techniques, AI chatbots can elevate the accuracy and speed of disease diagnosis. The urgency and importance of continued research and development are clear, as it is crucial to refine AI chatbots' capabilities and revolutionize healthcare delivery for improved patient outcomes and disease management.
STATUS OF WOMEN AND SOCIAL IMPACT IN THE MUGHAL COURT
Authors: Singh Dr, Sushma Kumari
Published: November 2024

The study of the status and social impact of women in the Mughal court highlights that they were not merely members of the royal family but influential figures who played significant roles in politics, society, and culture. In the Mughal Empire’s royal harem, women were not only provided protection and security but were also given freedom and power, enabling them to contribute in various fields. Their influence was not limited to family and the court; they also contributed to governance, art, and social reform. Figures like Nur Jahan set an example by intervening in political decisions, which led to a shift in societal perspectives towards women, conveying the message that women could be capable in politics and administrative decisions. Similarly, women like Jahanara Begum and Mumtaz Mahal enriched art, literature, and culture, promoting cultural awareness and tolerance in society. Mughal women contributed to religious tolerance and social reform, with Jahanara Begum playing a significant role in the spread of Sufi thought. Her initiatives fostered religious unity and harmony among different cultural groups. Additionally, royal women exemplified economically independent women by utilizing property and economic rights, taking a step toward women’s economic empowerment. This study illustrates that the women of the Mughal court left a profound impact on societal structure. Their efforts strengthened the status of women and redefined their rights, offering a new perspective on the historical status of women and inspiring that women deserve equal rights and contributions in every area of society.
How Is It Possible To Reduce A Combat Helicopter’s Auditory Signature To Increase Its Survivability?
Authors: Murali Vidyut C
Published: November 2024

The need for silent helicopters has already manifested itself in the civilian and military fields. Helicopters with a reduced auditory signature would give the helicopter tactical advantages in an engagement and hopefully give it the ‘edge’ allowing it to carry out its duties effectively. The main objective of this paper is to determine what technologies can be incorporated onto new helicopters in order to reduce the amount of noise they produce.
Analysis Of The Genesis And Growth Of Digital Startup Ecosystem In India And Its Influence On Facilitating E-Governance And Nurturing Of Digital Entrepreneurship In India
Authors: Rathi Krishna
Published: November 2024

In the modern era, India is witnessing a profound and dynamic transformation through the rapid expansion of its digital infrastructure. This research paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the growth of digital infrastructure in India, exploring its far-reaching effects on economic progress, societal inclusion, and technological innovation. By amalgamating an extensive literature review, rigorous data analysis, and direct insights from key stakeholders, this study offers a holistic perspective on the state of digital infrastructure within the country. The research scrutinizes various facets of digital infrastructure growth, encompassing metrics such as internet penetration, mobile connectivity, data center proliferation, and the development of crucial backbone networks. It dissects the governmental policies and private sector contributions that have played pivotal roles in fostering this expansion. Furthermore, the paper delves into the indispensable role of digital infrastructure in facilitating e-governance, nurturing digital entrepreneurship, and cultivating a thriving startup ecosystem. This study also explores the socio-economic ramifications of this growth, specifically addressing the enhanced accessibility to education, healthcare, and financial services, thereby promoting social inclusion and narrowing disparities. Environmental considerations are also a subject of investigation, with a focus on the energy consumption associated with digital infrastructure and the potential for greener technologies and practices. In addition, this paper uncovers the challenges and impediments faced during the process of digital infrastructure expansion, encompassing issues such as digital literacy, cybersecurity concerns, and equitable access. It offers practical recommendations for mitigating these challenges. The research findings underscore the impressive strides made in developing digital infrastructure in India and underscore the vast potential for future advancements. This research contributes valuable insights into the implications of this growth across various sectors, providing guidance for policymakers, businesses, and researchers on how to harness the full potential of India's digital transformation for comprehensive and sustainable development.
Digital Transformation Of Businesses, Its Need & Mechanism
Authors: Gupta Ayushie
Published: November 2024

On the basis of the analysis of digital transformation models and an assessment of digital maturity in the management of a model and mechanism for the transformation of enterprises, the present article defines participants of a strategic partnership in three institutional spaces of an enterprise model of digital transformation. Mechanism of enterprise's digital transformation is an organizational and economic interaction of such participants, using methods and tools that ensure these interactions. Proposed model and mechanism of managing the enterprise's digital transformation is connected with creating new forms of cooperation in three institutional spaces by using short-term flexible cycles of development of software, creation of new forms of digital innovation services, and then putting these services into practice through digital transformation.
Changing Dynamics of Trade Union-Management Relations in Post-Globalization Indian Public Sector
Authors: Singh Prof. (Dr.) Dhirendra Kumar
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the evolving dynamics of trade union-management relations in India’s public sector in the wake of globalization and economic reforms. Historically, Indian trade unions wielded significant influence, particularly in the public sector, where they safeguarded workers’ rights and job security. However, with the onset of the Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG) reforms of the 1990s, unions have faced declining membership, reduced bargaining power, and increased competition from the private sector. Labor reforms promoting flexibility and efficiency have shifted labor relations, diminishing traditional union influence, especially due to the rise of contractual and outsourced employment. The study reveals that unions have adapted their strategies by moving towards collaborative approaches, political lobbying, and engaging with emerging informal sectors to maintain relevance. Meanwhile, management’s emphasis on productivity and modernization has fostered a labor environment prioritizing performance over security. Key findings indicate a reduction in job security and collective bargaining scope, with a growing divide between permanent and contract workers. Despite these challenges, unions continue to advocate for labor rights, expanding their reach to unorganized sectors. This analysis underscores the importance of fostering cooperative union-management relations to balance economic goals with fair labor practices, thereby promoting industrial harmony in a competitive global economy. The findings offer insights for policymakers, unions, and management on adapting to the complexities of labor relations in modern India.
К вопросу о возрастной динамике виктимного поведения
Authors: О.Ф. Афанасьева
Published: November 2024

В ситуации постоянно меняющейся макросреды, а также в связи с усложняющимися жизненными задачами встраивания личности в социум, изучение свойств и особенностей поведения личности, например, виктимности, которые негативно влияют на адаптацию личности в социуме, особенно актуально. В статье выдвигается предположение, что виктимное поведение личности возможно в различные периоды жизни; виктимность в одном возрастном периоде проявляется ярче, а в другом — в меньшей степени; для каждого возрастного периода характерны определенные модели виктимного поведения; наиболее сензитивным для проявления виктимного поведения является старший школьный (подростковый) возраст. Представлены эмпирические результаты и интерпретация моделей виктимного поведения подростков, юношей и взрослых. В статье представлены и проанализированы результаты исследования виктимного поведения, характерного на каждом представленном возрастном этапе. Рассмотрены модели виктимного поведения учащихся 4-х, 6-х, 8-х классов, молодежи и взрослых. Доказано, что виктимное поведение присуще личности независимо от возраста, наиболее подвержены негативному влиянию среды и имеют высокий уровень предрасположенности и проявление виктимности школьники старших классов. Сделаны акценты на некоторых причинах проявления виктимности, предложены пути девиктимизации.

In our constantly changing macro-environment, as well as in connection with the increasingly complex life tasks of personal socialization, the study of properties and features of personality behavior, such as victimhood, which negatively affects the adaptation of a personality in society, is especially relevant. The article puts forward the assumption that victim behavior of a personality is possible in different periods of life; victimhood in one age period manifests itself more vividly, and in another – to a lesser extent; each age period is characterized by certain patterns of victim behavior; the most sensitive for the manifestation of victim behavior is the high school (adolescent) age. The paper includes empirical results and interpretation of models of victim behavior of adolescents, young people and adults. The article presents and analyzes the results of the study of victim behavior characteristic at each presented age. We consider the models of victim behavior among students of 4th, 6th, and 8th grades, youths and adults. It is proved that victim behavior is inherent to a person regardless of age. High school students are frequently exposed to the negative influence of the environment and have a high level of predisposition and manifestation of victimhood. Emphasis is placed on some causes of victimization, and suggest ways of devictimization.
Проблема профессионального выгорания современных педагогов
Authors: Т.В. Ганина
Published: November 2024

В статье раскрыта проблема профессионального выгорания педагогов в образовательных учреждениях, выявлены основные причины и особенности этого явления. Автор приводит данные различных исследований, направленных на выявление профессионального выгорания и его последствий для педагогов. Отмечается, что такой педагог перестает радоваться жизни, ощущает эмоциональное истощение, пассивность, хроническую усталость и апатию, часто раздражается, утрачивает интерес к своей профессиональной деятельности, не стремится к творчеству и самореализации. Проведенное исследование среди рязанских педагогов позволило выявить особенности и причины их профессионального выгорания. На основе анализа теоретических источников и исследования по данной проблеме автор приходит к выводу о том, что необходима комплексная и целенаправленная работа по профилактике профессионального выгорания у педагогов и преподавателей. В статье даются рекомендации для снижения риска профессионального выгорания.

The article addresses the issue of professional burnout of teachers in educational institutions, identifies the main causes and features of this phenomenon. The author employs data of various studies aimed at identifying professional burnout and its consequences for teachers. It is noted that in this condition a teacher ceases to enjoy life, feels emotional exhaustion, passivity, chronic fatigue and apathy, is often irritated, loses interest in his professional activity, does not strive for creativity and self-realization. The research conducted among Ryazan teachers allowed us to identify the features and causes of their professional burnout. Based on the analysis of theoretical sources and research on this problem, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to carry out complex and purposeful work to prevent professional burnout in teachers and educators. The article gives recommendations to reduce the risk of professional burnout.