bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing of the Independence role on Performance Increase through the Comfortness of Auditors of Local Governments
Authors: Lismawati  , Abdul Rohman , Anis Chariri
Published: December 2018

Inadequate implementation of the role of assurance and consulting internal auditor performance in making local governments has not been optimal.The study aims to verify the comfortness of auditors is able to mediate the relationship of the increase of the independence and the performance of the internal auditorsof local governments in Indonesia.The empirical evidencesare collected by the online and offline survey (through the postal services) to the internal auditors of local governments.By employing the one of structural equation model, namely the partial lease squares, the study finds that the comfortness of the auditors is able to mediate the relationship between the independence and the performance of the auditors.The findings of the study is expected to provide the idea of the development of local government auditors studies in Indonesia.
Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers and Sustainable Development Goals: Feasible Policy and Practices
Authors: Anggia Utami Dewi , Teuku Rezasyah
Published: December 2018

The issue of Indonesian migrant domestic workers is still a homework that need to be prioritized by the government. The problematic management, include the lack of legal-based protection, have resulted in many unfortunate cases and conditions of migrant workers. Many of them are prone to unequal treatments, mental and physical abuse, even human trafficking. The Indonesian government currently addresses a policy of zero migrant worker roadmap, which has brought up many critics mentioning how the policy is discriminatory and violates the rights to economy of the workers. By using a qualitative approach of method, this paper aims to discuss the possibility of solutions that will generate an inclusive framework of to eradicate inequalities posed by Indonesian migrant domestic workers, by briefly highlighting the case of Sumba Barat Daya as the second largest migrant workers sender in Nusa Tenggara Timur. Under the Sustainable Development Goals framework, from policy approach, this paper suggests the government of Indonesia to focus more on the skill and capacity building of migrant workers, by also imposing the social protection approach towards them.
The Analysis on Continous Development Strategy at Farming Production Centre of Mifee Program In Merauke Regency
Authors: Irba Djaja , Purwanto P. , Sunoko H. R.
Published: December 2018

Merauke, in 2010, arranged a program of Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate (MIFEE) which was an alternative program to solve food crisis and nation's energy oriented to integrated farming development. MIFEE program needed wide enough area that was 1.2 million of acre affecting the enviornment and society. This study aims to arrange an effective, eco-friendly, and continous strategy to develop the Farming Production Centre (KSPP) MIFEE in Merauke. The study for 7 months (November 2016 to June 2017). The analysis methods used were SWOT and AHP. The results show that development strategy of KSPP MIFEE Program in Merauke is Rapid Growth Strategy. This strategy is suitable with position requiring progressive strategy to support growth through some strategies can be implemented ; The main strategy is forming special force to manage KSPP MIFEE Program in Merauke involving stake holders to support national food, reduce dynamics at region, and receive aspiration with 0.241 point, and by socializing Program to the residents with 0.221 point, by improving the ability, skill, and capacity of human resources supported by local-wisdom-based education with 0.122 point, by developing eco-friendly farming diversification and low external input that can reduce the resistency of society with 0.114 point.
Building Synergism through Cluster Strategy in Developing the Weaving Industry
Authors: Khasan Setiaji , Kardoyo  , Nofan Farid Maghfuri
Published: December 2018

Industrial sector as a main drive of the Indonesian economy has a challenge to build a synergy between industrial business actors. Tnis study aims to determine tne pattern of relationsnip in tne weaving industry; to identify the cluster strategies in the weaving industry; to analyze the supporting and obstructing factors of the cluster strategy. This study uses a qualitative approach, i.e. case study type. Data in this study were collected from industries of Troso weaving. The results show that there are three patterns of relationship: cooperative, supportive and non-supportive between small, medium and large industries. Cluster strategies in the development of weaving industry are applied through inter-industry cooperation, availability of raw material input and supporting materials which indicate that the cluster has shown efficiency and synergy in production process as the majority of labor input comes from within the cluster. Local government supports, local community wisdom, locations, availability of skilled workforce and technologies become the factors that support the successful cluster strategies. While the capital, management, competition, marketing, and industrial relations are still great constraints.
The Effect of Inequality of Educational Facilities, Health, and Road Conditions toward Income Distribution in Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Herry Antono , Adhi Purnomo , Firmansyah
Published: December 2018

This study examines the effect of inequality of public facilities, namely education, health, and road condition, on the income inequality in Central Java Province, Indonesia. By employing the time-series data of 15 years, this study analyzes the Gini index and the relationship between the Gini index and Index of public facilities by the regression model. The study finds that the inequality of the provision of public facilities affects the income distribution in Central Java, Indonesia
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training to Empower Catfish Farmers
Authors: Khakim Luqman , Sartono Sartono , Hermawan Iwan , Sudaryono Agung , Fuad Iwan Z.
Published: December 2018

Many residents of Siwatu Village of Batang Regency employ their land to produce catfish. This fish is chosen because it can be harvested in a relatively short time with simple maintenance. However, being a catfish farmer is not as easy as imagined. Many obstacles have to be overcome, such as, lack of availability of seeds, the high cost of catfish feed, the lack of capital and the dominant role of loan sharks in the catfish trade in Siwatu. The paper objectives are to describe strategic steps in assisting catfish famers to survive in the industrial competition through innovation and entrepreneurship training. Solutions offered in the form of institutional strengthening, feed production innovation, increased value-added product, entrepreneurship training for the fish farmers and connecting to advisory agency.
Dialectics of Dairy Farming Enterprises and Dairy Farmer Community in Pangalengan West Java
Authors: Muhammad Ali Mauludin , Viani Puspita Sari
Published: December 2018

Dairy farming business in Pangalengan has been established since Dutch colonial goverment set in and it continues until today. The business encountered such dynamics, in which aligned with political changes took place in Indonesia. Situated in Southern West Java, Pangalengan has been an icon of dairy farming in that it is major occupation of Pangalengan inhabitants. Capital owners were atracted to invest there, make capitalism penetration occured during some periods and developed quite well. Koperasi Peternak Bandung Selatan / Dairy Farmer Cooperative of South Bandung (KPBS) which is famous for its pro-community development then emerged and established along with the massive development of dairy farming in that town which later gave big contribution to development process. One of them is the establishment of a new private dairy farming plant in Pangalengan. Dillematic situation then occured. There were pro and contra against the existence of that private enterprise amongst the Pangalengan citizens. One group thought that the enterprise would generate the development process in Pangalengan, while others considered that it would create a clash with the community dairy farmers who have existed long before the independence of Republic of Indonesia. This paper will discuss dialectics of Private Dairy Farming Enterprise and dairy farmers community in Pangalengan. Both perspectives of private dairy farming enterprise and dairy farmers community will be the study in this paper. Positive and negative aspects are constructed in the arena or dialectics of dairy farming development.
Inequalities for Indonesian Men to Pursue Fashion as a Career
Authors: Perkasa Muhammad Iman Adi
Published: December 2018

Indonesia’s fashion industry can be growth rapidly, but did not give the equal opportunity for man who wants to pursue career in the industry, due to gender stereotype in fashion which occurs in Indonesia. In prior researches, fashion examined as gendered activity and identically with women. This study aims to testify the existences of gender stereotype and inequalities among four Indonesian men who pursue fashion as a career, by describing their subjective experiences using qualitative approach and constructivism paradigm. This study concluded that in Indonesia, inequalities existed among four subjects due to gender stereotype. It is happened after the implications of society perspectives, that fashion perceived to be a career which linked with women rather than men. Also found in this study, that inequalities and gender stereotype also affected all of the subject self-concept. These factors made their self-concept tend to be low, but also encourages two of them to achieved many things and excel in the fields of fashion. So, they can be good examples to the society who underestimated them.
Men’s Involvement on Promoting Gender Equality: Case Study of Campaign by “Laki-Laki Peduli” in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawan Detta , Maryani Eni , Preciosa Alnashava J
Published: December 2018

Men can take parts in promoting the agenda of gender equality in many ways, ranging from; grassroots campaigns, advocacy, and education programs. In Indonesia, one of the few movements which particularly prominent is a campaign by Laki-Laki Peduli (LLP). This research used qualitative descriptive approach to explore and analyze the strategy that has been used by LLP’s campaign, especially on how they used various media to construct a message which can be accepted by Indonesian society who’s still largely embraces patriarchal culture. It has been found that LLP’s use TVC and short movies to amplify their message on the importance of fatherhood, showing a more positive concept of masculinity, and to encourage men to play an active role in becoming partners with their wives. Furthermore, they also utilize various digital media to help spread the awareness about the importance of men’s involvement on gender equality.
Organizational Culture and Spirituality Workplace: Empirical Study of Influence of Organizational Culture and Spirituality Workplace
Authors: Fanggidae Rolland Epafras
Published: December 2018

In today’s organizations, Human Resources is one of the important driving factor. By creating a humanistic work environment, employees are more creative and have a passion to do the job. In order to improve the quality and quantity of human resources needs to the strategy of the organization. One of the strategies that can be undertaken by the organization is the psychic and spiritual fulfillment of employees in order to create a work environment that is humane. Spirituality is not about the workplace as religious practices are organized and not on God or theology. In this study proposes a theory Spirituality workplace, through a review of the literature and empirical study shows the definition of spirituality, the effects on work attitudes, as well as clarify the link spirituality and culture of the organization. This research is done through empirical studies related link workplace spirituality and organizational culture on college lecturer in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT)-Indonesia. Data were collected through a survey with simple random sampling proportional and involve ± 320 Lecturer Private college as respondents. Data analysis techniques with linear regression method using SPSS 23 determines the relationship between Organizational Culture and Spirituality workplace.
Information System Prediction With Weighted Moving Average (WMA) Method And Optimization Distribution Using Vehicles Routing Problem (VRP) Model for Batik Product
Authors: Nugrahani Tri Agustina , Adi Kusworo , Suseno Jatmiko Endro
Published: December 2018

Distributing the products evenly to the customers is the problem faced by the producer of batik product. The purpose of this research is to optimize product distribution using demand prediction data from each store. The way of distributing products affects products brand and revenue in society. To cover this problem we propose the method to fulfil customers demand and to promote the brand by using Weighted Moving Average (WMA) to forecast product demand in each distributor store. To deliver the product for the customer, we are using the model of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) and Sequential Insertion Algorithm. We obtained the result that both distribution cost and travel time of distribution is successfully reduced. The results obtained that the WMA method can predict product demand by generate the small error value with MAPE the result is 0 until 17% which classified as very accurate-good. For distribution optimization using the VRP model and Sequential Insertion algorithms the result of optimal costs is IDR 36244, with a previous cost is IDR 150.000 in one month so can reduce 75%. Besides that, the travel time is 130.05 minutes with the distance 69.7 km, and routes that have been optimized.
The from News Bearer to Extreme Speech Propagator: Analysis of Shifting Practice in Production and Distribution of News on the Internet
Authors: Manalu Rouli , Pradekso Tandiyo , Setyabudi Djoko
Published: December 2018

This research aims to examine the ways in which practices of information productions and distributions are shifting in the Internet era, particularly in the production of extreme speech that is claimed to be news. There are many information platforms on the Internet proclaimed as “news sites”, but instead of conveying valuable information to the readers, they are used to circulate opinionated pieces and propaganda. The popularity of user-generated content - where users were enabled not only to consume but also to produce and to distribute digital content - used to be hailed optimistically as a form of democratization that will to give chances to citizens to voice their social, economic, political, and cultural concerns. However, the recent development shows that the freedom and the easy-access offered by the Internet have been used to propagate negative content and sectarian sentiments. This research conducts analysis of ten ‘news outlets’ that were banned by Indonesian government (KOMINFO) that had been considered spreading hatred and sectarian spirit. This research will examine closely this so-called news in terms of their content, tone, and the parties that are confronted through the content. This research argues that the once embraced users-generated content as alternative news by citizen had evolved to be a form of extreme speech propagator.
Forecasting and Controlling the Food Supply System in Hospital Using Exponential Smoothing
Authors: Ariyanti Yunila Dwi Putri , Mustafid  , Nurhayati Oky Dwi
Published: December 2018

The satisfaction of patient care is an indicator of good performance in hospitals, one of which plays a critical role is a logistic serving of food. With the fluctuating number of patients, the hospital should be able to meet the demand for the number of patients each day. This study aims to build the system of forecasting and controlling the food supplies to determine the number of servings of food supplies in the next period. The implementation of Exponential Smoothing method is used to predict the number of servings should be available for the next period. Amount of food raw material is controlled using re-orders point model, it aims to anticipate the occurrence of stockout with the minimum amount of food provides should be available. The data were obtained from the requested amount of food during 212 days for three times, morning, noon, and night. Forecasting values using alpha parameters 0.3 and 0.7 with a minimum forecasting error calculation using MAPE for alpha 0.7 with a value 12.81% for morning time, 11.59% during the day, and 10.96% night time. Forecasting result not only can be used to allocate food supplies but also to control stock of raw material food.
Analog Rice Development as Alternative Food Made of Raw Composite Flour Enriched Protein Canavalia ensiformis
Authors: Pudjihastuti Isti , Sumardiono Siswo , Kusumayanti Heny
Published: December 2018

Food is an important factor in human life. Indonesia’s main food need is rice. Domestic rice demand continues to increase along with population growth. One of the businesses that can increase the availability of food, especially rice, is to utilize the existing agricultural products even though they have not been utilized economically and intensified the excavation of new food sources. Analog rice is a form of food diversification by utilizing local carbohydrate sources. In this study analog rice made from composite flour mixture of cassava flour, Dioscorea esculenta L, corn enriched with protein Canavalia ensiformis. The purpose of this research is to develop the method of production of analog rice and to test the physicochemical properties including water content, water, protein, and amylose so that it can be applied as food substitute for rice in realizing Indonesia food security program. The largest protein content of 9.156%, the highest water content of 12.431%, water absorption 187%. The amylose content of analog rice amounted to 19.677% included in the low-octane rice.
Inventory Control System for Vaccines Distribution With Model Predictive Control In Hospital
Authors: Huizen Lenny Margaretta , Mustafid
Published: December 2018

Inventory control of vaccine amounts is intended to allow the vaccine supply in the pharmacy to be balanced between the stored vaccine and the vaccine released so that the investment is minimized. The research aims to apply inventory control system to minimize inventory quantities while ensuring vaccine availability. Model Predictive Control is used to find minimal cost based cost function through vaccine supply level, vaccine order, and vaccine cost. The results obtained for 4 months by comparing the calculation of hospital methods with Model Predictive Control is the number of orders can be minimized in accordance with the average demand with the amount of existing stock so as to minimize the costs incurred for the purchase of vaccines. The Model Predictive Control can be used to calculate the number of orders to be ordered with an uncertain vaccine request.
New Media as Power for Eradicating Communication Inequalities in Indonesia
Authors: Priyadharma Subekti W.M.A.
Published: December 2018

“Bad news is good news,” they say. This is the mantra of journalistic practice, which still trapped in the logic of market-oriented media institution. Until today, Indonesian media system is still driven by capitalistic and political motives of many actors especially media owners and political figures. Their domination in Indonesian media environment results in the colonization of media networks by political networks and vice versa. Controversial statements from and conflicts among political elites are “good” food for the media, which would attract audiences to buy their newspapers, watch their television and click on their sensational headlines that functions as a bait. Mass media public spheres are filled with this type of communication. Good News from Indonesia (GNFI) comes onto the surface of Indonesian media landscape to counter the negativity that the current media system holds. This paper analyzes how GNFI delivers its messages and, as an alternative media, uses its various media platform, most of them are online-based, to balance the inequality of communication about Indonesia.
Digital Media Unequality During the 2014th Indonesian Presidential Election
Authors: Santosa Hedi Pudjo , Hasfi Nurul , Lukmantoro Triyono
Published: December 2018

In the internet era, a hoax is a real threat for democracy, as it spreads misleading and fake information that creats uncertain political communication. During the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, a hoax was rapidly spreading thorough social media. Morover, in Indonesian political context, a hoax construct strategically by using primordialism issue. This study uses critical discourse analysis to identify a pattern of hoax during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, particularly to show how primordialism constructs an unequel society. The data was taken from political discussion among 8 influential Twitter accounts, two months before the election. The study found that 1) A hoax was produced by using many techniques; 2) Mainstream ‘online media’ involved in the production of the hoax, particularly by constructing sensational headline. Meanwhile, fake news commonly produced and distributed by pseudonym Twitter accounts; 3) Both hoax and fake news generally run under a mechanism of primordialism issue.
Minority Group and the Media: Media Coverage on Shia Muslims in Malaysia
Authors: Sofian Muhammad Raqib Mohd , Briandana Rizki , Azmawati Azman Azwan
Published: December 2018

Malaysia has always been concerned about harmony given that the population is comprised of various races and religions. However, there have also been a huge number of individuals who perceive that they are often marginalized and subjected to excessive action by the Malaysian government. The majority of Malaysian population practice Islamic Sunni and reject any other Islamic teachings including Shia as stated by the Malaysian government. In this context, Shia Muslims in Malaysia have been faced with numerous challenges, including being widely tracked by Malaysian religious authorities for the purpose of minimizing the spread of Shia teachings throughout Malaysia. Nevertheless, the actions taken by the religious authorities have been criticized by several parties, especially the international media and human rights activists. Therefore, this study aims to examine the depiction of Shia Muslims in Malaysia that is reported in the Malaysian media, specifically by a daily Malay newspaper popularly known as Sinar Harian which is owned and linked to the current government’s party. Finally, another purpose of this study is to look at the role played by the newspaper in reporting the minorities in Malaysia, in which in this context refers to the Shia Muslims in Malaysia.
The Reception of Memes as Political Information in the Media
Authors: Santosa Hedi Pudjo , Lestari Sri Budi , Ayun Primada Qurrota
Published: December 2018

Lately memes have been using as viral marketing for products in advertising or satire in political campaigns in Indonesia. In 2013 Richard Dawkins, the author of The Selfish Gene (1976), characterized that memes on the internet as a human creativity. The pictures in the meme are tailored to the user’s feelings and become the feeling of society. Meme cannot be said to be the ideal journalistic formula because most of them do not use the 5W + 1H journalism rule. Ironically though meme is not information that contains accuracy, relevance, and completeness of journalism, but at the same time it is in great demand even highly trusted, as they are easily accepted as information. While information that does not contain accuracy, often called hoax news. In Indonesia meme experiencing a surge in volume during the last 2014 presidential election; there are so many memes about Jokowi and Prabowo circulating on the Internet at the time, and later also many outstanding memes that contain the image in the form of satire, silly and even funny. Meme phenomenon related closely with the ease of dissemination of information through the media, especially online media. Bauckhage (2011: 42), meme usually develops through comments, imitations, parodies, or even media coverage. Meanwhile, according to Shifman (2013: 362), meme phrases are generally applied to describe propaganda. In Indonesia, meme is dominated by political news and satire especially during the 2014 presidential election.
A Communication Pattern of President in Infrastructure Development : The Case of Jokowi in The Daily Kompas News
Authors: Suharyo Suharyo
Published: December 2018

This study aims to describe the daily frame of Kompas against President Joko Widodo. Data was excavated from Kompas daily news published in 2016/2017 using referring method and record technique. Data analysis was done by using framing analysis of Pan and Kosicki model. The result, (1) from the schematic element: Golkar’s decision to nominate Joko Widodo as presidential candidate in 2019 proves that Golkar is in a state of cadre crisis and fails, (2) from the script elements: Golkar does not have a great cadre, (3) from thematic elements: (b) Golkar Party “always fails” to deliver its cadres to become RI-1, (c) Golkar can not be separated from the “shackles” of government / power, (d) Golkar has no cadres, ) Golkar has a “curse”, (e) there is an error in the regulatory system in Golkar, (f) Golkar is playing srtategy with Joko Widodo’s nomination, (g) power-hungry Golkar, and (h) Golkar, as a big party, is very unfortunate because it can not play its role to determine the national political constellation; and (4) from the rhetorical element: sentences that are used are “meaningless”.
Mesurer les propriétés mécaniques de la matière à l’échelle du nanomètre à l’aide de l’acoustique picoseconde
Authors: Abbas Allaoua
Published: December 2018

Le contrôle par ultrasons présente de nombreux intérêts. C’est une méthode qui permet non seulement de localiser mais aussi de caractériser des défauts de surface ou de volume. Elle a l’avantage d’être non destructive, ce qui autorise son déploiement pour des contrôles « in line » en production ou sur des structures dont le fonctionnement n’a pas besoin d’être arrêté. De plus, la méthode ne nécessite pas l’utilisation d’agents chimiques, ce qui la rend facile à mettre en œuvre ; et enfin elle est non ionisante, ce qui la rend compatible avec l’étude d’organismes vivants. L’acoustique picoseconde est une technique qui permet de contrôler ou d’imager à l’aide d’ultrasons des structures avec des résolutions spatiales de quelques nanomètres.
Ultrasons laser pour la détection de défauts sur pièces de fabrication additive métallique
Authors: Millon Célia , Vanhoye Arnaud , Obaton Anne-Françoise
Published: December 2018

La fabrication additive (FA), notamment la FA de pièces métalliques, connait un essor dans les secteurs de pointe comme l’aéronautique ou le médical de par les possibilités accrues en termes de complexité géométrique, de fonctionnalités ou encore de personnalisation des pièces. Cependant, les poudres métalliques et la fusion laser mis en oeuvre dans certains procédés lors de la fabrication conduisent parfois à des défauts, comme par exemple des manques de fusion. Pour réduire les coûts de production engendrés par des pièces finies mais non conformes, la fabrication de ces pièces appelle à développer un contrôle en ligne. Les ultrasons laser (UL), non destructifs et sans contact, sont une piste prometteuse : ils combinent la sensibilité d’un contrôle par ultrasons avec la flexibilité d’un système optique.
Quantitative influence of coast effect on geomagnetically induced currents in power grids: a case study
Authors: Liu Chunming , Wang Xuan , Wang Hongmei , Zhao Huilun
Published: December 2018

In recent years, several magnetic storms have disrupted the normal operation of power grids in the mid-low latitudes. Data obtained from the monitoring of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) indicate that GIC tend to be elevated at nodes near the ocean-land interface. This paper discusses the influence of the geomagnetic coast effect on GIC in power grids based on geomagnetic data from a coastal power station on November 9, 2004. We used a three-dimensional (3D) Earth conductivity model to calculate the induced electric field using the finite element method (FEM), and compared it to a one-dimensional (1D) layered model, which could not incorporate a coastal effect. In this manner, the GIC in the Ling’ao power plant was predicted while taking the coast effect into consideration in one case and ignoring it in the other. We found that the GIC predicted by the 3D model, which took the coastal effect into consideration, showed only a 2.9% discrepancy with the recorded value, while the 1D model underestimated the GIC by 23%. Our results demonstrate that the abrupt lateral variations of Earth conductivity structures significantly influence GIC in the power grid. We can infer that high GIC may appear even at mid-low latitude areas that are subjected to the coast effect. Therefore, this effect should be taken into consideration while assessing GIC risk when power networks are located in areas with lateral shifts in Earth conductivity structures, such as the shoreline and the interfaces of different geological structures.
PET-Liganden für die Diagnostik der Alzheimer-Demenz: Amyloid und Tau
Authors: Solbach Christoph , Patt Marianne
Published: December 2018

Die Bildgebung von β-Amyloid- und Tau-Ablagerungen im Zusammenhang mit Demenzerkrankungen und hierbei insbesondere mit der Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ (DAT) hat im Rahmen klinischer PET-Anwendungen in den letzten 15 Jahren zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Während zunächst die Amyloid-Hypothese im Vordergrund der Diskussion zur Genese der DAT stand, wird dazu in den letzten Jahren zunehmend der Einfluss der pathogenen Tau-Ablagerungen diskutiert.

Mehrere 18F-markierte β-Amyloid-Tracer wurden inzwischen arzneimittelrechtlich in Europa zugelassen. Sie sind somit verkehrsfähig und daher auch für niedergelassene nuklearmedizinische Praxen verfügbar. Radiopharmaka für Tau-Bildgebung mit der PET befinden sich ebenfalls in Entwicklung. Allerdings gibt es noch keine zugelassenen Tau-Tracer, sodass die klinische Anwendung zunächst den großen selbst-produzierenden und selbst-anwendenden Forschungszentren vorbehalten bleibt, da diese Arzneimittel bis auf wenige Ausnahmen i. d. R. arzneimittelrechtlich bisher nicht verkehrsfähig sind.

Dieser Artikel bietet eine kurze Übersicht über die historische Entwicklung der β-Amyloid- und Tau-Tracer inklusive Darstellung der Strukturformeln der wichtigsten Vertreter dieser Stoffklassen. Darüber hinaus werden Aufwand, Probleme und Herausforderungen einer GMP-konformen klinischen Produktion solcher Tracer exemplarisch skizziert.
Aktuelle Konzepte in der Diagnostik und Therapie von oropharyngealen Aphthen und aphthoiden Läsionen
Authors: Jackowski J. , Schmidt-Westhausen A. , Strietzel F.
Published: December 2018

Die vorliegende Übersicht befasst sich mit aktuellen Konzepten zur Diagnostik und Therapie von oropharyngealen Aphthen und aphthoiden Läsionen. Diese basieren auf der kontemporären S2k-Leitlinie „Diagnostik und Therapieoptionen von Aphthen und aphthoiden Läsionen der Mund- und Rachenschleimhaut“ (AWMF-Registernummer: 007-101, Stand: November 2016, gültig bis: November 2019). Aphthen sind charakteristische flache ulzeröse Läsionen in plattenepithelialen Schleimhäuten. Sie gelten als die häufigsten entzündlichen Affektionen der oralen Mukosa. Die Ätiopathogenese ist bisher nicht abschließend geklärt, sodass weiterer Forschungsbedarf besteht. Hinter dem rezidivierenden Auftreten von gleichzeitig mehreren Aphthen können sich differenzialdiagnostisch reaktive Veränderungen, hämatologische Ursachen, weitere Stomatopathien, gastrointestinale Syndrome, mukokutane Erkrankungen des rheumatischen Formenkreises, bullöse und lichenoide Dermatosen und maligne Erkrankungen verbergen. Therapieziel ist die Reduktion der Schmerzhaftigkeit und der Funktionseinschränkungen des Kauorganes. Gleichzeitig soll die Frequenz des Auftretens und der Schweregrad der Rezidive verringert werden. Neben lokalen Maßnahmen werden systemische Therapiestrategien angewendet. Allerdings stehen nur wenige kontrollierte Studien zur Therapie aphthoider Läsionen zur Verfügung, auf deren Grundlage die Effektivität und Sicherheit von pharmakologischen Substanzen und physikalischen Methoden wie z. B. der Laser-Anwendung nachgewiesen werden kann.
Erosionen – Diagnostik, Prävention und Therapie
Authors: Schlüter Nadine , Ganß Carolina
Published: December 2018

Im Laufe des Lebens sind Zähne einer Vielzahl von Einflüssen ausgesetzt, die zu einer Destruktion der Zähne führen können. Während die Prävalenz von Karies in den industrialisierten Ländern rückläufig ist, gewinnen andere Verschleißerscheinungen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dazu zählen neben den mechanisch bedingten Abrasionen und Attrition v. a. auch die säurebedingten Erosionen. Mechanische und chemische Einflussfaktoren können sich gegenseitig verstärken und damit zu einer schnelleren Progression von Verschleißerscheinungen führen. Besonders gefährdet sind Personen, die sehr häufig säurehaltige Speisen konsumieren, aber auch Personen, deren Zähne regelmäßig der Magensäure ausgesetzt sind–dazu gehören Personen mit einem gastro-ösophagealen Reflux und Personen mit einer Essstörung in Kombination mit Erbrechen. Der folgende Artikel soll Ursachen, diagnostische Kriterien und Differenzialdiagnosen von Erosionen sowie geeignete kausale und symptomatische Präventions- und Therapiestrategien aufzeigen. Zudem soll ein geeignetes Tool zur Dokumentation von Erosionen vorgestellt werden.
Rehabilitation von Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pollmann Hartmut , Hübner Peter
Published: December 2018

In der Rehabilitation von Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus sind ggf. auftretende Spätkomplikationen, die massive Teilhabestörungen nach sich ziehen können, und die Gefahr von Bewusstseinsstörungen bei Unterzuckerungen unter Insulinbehandlung besonders zu beachten. Angesichts der großen Zahl von Berufstätigen mit Diabetes (ca. 2 Mio. Menschen) sind zudem
Konzepte zur Primär- und Sekundärprävention gefragt.
Aus der Zahnarztpraxis
Authors: Schilke-Prigge Denise
Published: December 2018

Bei einer Patientin mit CMD und gestörten Bissverhältnissen ist eine gründliche Störfeldsanierung notwendig. Die zahnärztlichen Maßnahmen umfassen unter anderem die Zahnmetallentfernung, Extraktion wurzelbehandelter Zähne und die Sanierung der Knochenostitis. Zu den nichtzahnärztlichen Maßnahmen gehören unter anderem manuelle Therapie, Massagen und Neuraltherapie.
Wie verändert sich die Patienten- und Krankheitsstruktur
einer psychiatrischen Krankenhausabteilung durch Übernahme der
sektorisierten Pflichtversorgung?
Authors: Bschor Tom , Hoß Anne , Baethge Christopher , Rauchensteiner Stephan
Published: December 2018

Hintergrund Das Prinzip der sektorisierten Pflichtversorgung stellt
eine Besonderheit der Krankenhausbehandlung in Deutschland für das
Fach Psychiatrie dar. Psychiatrische Krankenhäuser oder Abteilungen
sind hiernach verpflichtet, für die Einwohner ihrer
Versorgungsregion stationäre Behandlungsplätze zu
garantieren. Es wurde bislang kaum systematisch erforscht, auf welche
Veränderungen in der Patienten- und Krankheitsstruktur sich die
Krankenhäuser mit der Übernahme der Pflichtversorgung
einstellen müssen.

Methodik Anhand der vollständigen BADO-Datensätze
(116 Items) zweier Jahrgänge (n=863 und n=1345) der
Schlosspark-Klinik Berlin wurde geprüft, wie die im dazwischen
liegenden Jahr eingeführte regionale Pflichtversorgung die
Patientenstruktur verändert.

Ergebnisse Die beiden Jahre (vor vs. nach Einführung der
Pflichtversorgung) unterschieden sich signifikant im Alter (M=50 vs.
48 J., p<0,05), selbstständigem Wohnen (97 vs.
89%, p<0,05), Partnerschaft (42 vs. 29%,
p<0,05) und Beschäftigung (34 vs. 28%,
p<0,05). Notaufnahmen (13 vs. 35%, p<0,001) und
unfreiwillige Aufnahmen (0,2 vs. 8,5%, p<0,001) nahmen zu.
Mehr Patienten beendeten die Behandlung ohne ärztliche Absprache (9
vs. 22%, p<0.001).

Schlussfolgerungen Kliniken, die eine psychiatrische
Pflichtversorgung übernehmen, sollten ihre Strukturen auf eine
Zunahme von Notaufnahmen und Patienten mit ungünstigen
Lebensumständen anpassen. Den Kliniken müssen die
organisatorischen und finanziellen Rahmenbedingungen hierfür
ermöglicht werden.
Öffentliche Gesundheit in Deutschland: Eine Perspektive des Nachwuchses
Authors: Akçay Marina , Drees Simon , Geffert Karin , Havemann Mathias , Hommes Franziska , Jaehn Philipp , Krisam Mathias , Mohsenpour Amir , Sell Kerstin , Stratil Jan , von Philipsborn Peter
Published: December 2018

Der aktuelle Reformprozess der öffentlichen Gesundheit in Deutschland hat die Möglichkeit einer Stärkung dieses Faches und des entsprechenden Praxis- und Politikfeldes in Deutschland eröffnet. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden anstehende Herausforderungen und notwendigen Maßnahmen aus einer Nachwuchsperspektive dargestellt. Notwendig sind insbesondere eine umfassende Stärkung und Reform der Aus- und Weiterbildungsstrukturen der öffentlichen Gesundheit. Zudem gilt es, Strukturen und Prozesse zu schaffen, mittels derer die Fachgemeinschaft ihre Expertise stärker und wirkungsvoller als bislang in Politik und Gesellschaft einbringen kann. Dies schließt den Aufbau einer handlungsfähigen Fachvertretung mit ein. Die hierzu in den vergangenen Jahren u. a. im Rahmen des Zukunftsforums Public Health begonnene Diskussion sollte zeitnah strukturbildend konkretisiert und in praktische Umsetzungen überführt werden.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Greitemann Bernhard
Published: December 2018

das vorliegende Heft beschäftigt sich dieses Mal mit einem heterogenen Bündel von Arbeiten zur Rehabilitation. Der Rehabilitationsbedarf steigt, gerade durch den demographischen Wandel kommen erhebliche Anforderungen auf die Rehabilitation zu. Umso problematischer ist es, dass es zunehmend erkennbar zu erheblichem Fachkräftemangel in den Rehabilitationseinrichtungen kommt. Die derzeitige Diskussion um den Pflegekräftemangel hat längst den Rehabilitationsbereich erreicht. Aber nicht nur der pflegerische Bereich ist betroffen, ebenso der Bereich der ärztlichen Mitarbeiter und der Therapeuten. Schon lange werden für die Rehabilitation im ärztlichen Bereich Fachkräfte aus anderen Mitgliedsstaaten der EU, insbesondere aus dem ehemaligen Ostblock akquiriert, was nicht ohne Probleme ist, wenn man die hohe Bedeutung des ärztlichen Gespräches in der Rehabilitation und die qualitativen und quantitativen Anforderungen an die Dokumentation in der Rehabilitation sich ansieht.
Autologous Reconstruction of a Face Transplant Candidate
Authors: Rifkin William J. , Bellamy Justin L. , Kantar Rami S. , Farber Scott J. , Diaz-Siso J.Rodrigo , Brecht Lawrence E. , Rodriguez Eduardo D.
Published: December 2018

Since 2005, facial transplantation has emerged as a viable reconstructive option for the most severe defects not amenable to conventional reconstructive techniques, with promising aesthetic and functional outcomes to date. Key facial subunits and midface structures such as the eyelids, lips, and nose are now able to be successfully replaced rather than reconstructed, enabling adequate functional outcomes in even the most extensive defects. However, even in cases of severe facial disfigurement, the decision to proceed with transplantation versus autologous reconstruction remains a source of debate, with no current consensus regarding precise indications and inclusion/exclusion criteria. This report details the case of a candidate referred for face transplantation who ultimately underwent autologous facial reconstruction. Through this representative case, our objective is to clarify the criteria that make a patient a suitable face transplant candidate, as well as to demonstrate the outcomes achievable with a conventional autologous reconstruction, using a methodically planned, multistaged approach.
Morphometric Analysis of the External Aperture of the Carotid Canal in Skulls of South Indian Origin
Authors: Tewari Siddharth , Gupta Chandni , Palimar Vikram , Aithal Sanjana
Published: December 2018

Background and Objective The carotid canal (CC) is a bent passage in the petrous temporal bone from where the internal carotid artery (ICA) goes inside the skull. The shape, location and measurements of the CC are clinically very important in cases of skull base surgery, since the ICA has to be identified and isolated throughout its petrous course. Therefore, the present study was performed to measure and locate the CC from various important anatomical landmarks.

Materials and Method The present study was conducted on 68 dry skulls of unknown gender. Various measurements and distances of the CC from various important landmarks were taken. The shape of the CC was also noted. Measurements were taken with the help of a screw-adjusted compass and of digital Vernier calipers. From the above measurements, mean and standard deviation (mean ± SD), median, range, and mode were calculated. Data analysis was done with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA).

Results The mean length of the CC on the right and left sides was 7.76 and 7.89 mm, respectively. The mean breadth of the CC on the right and left sides was 5.81 and 6.32 mm, respectively. The most common shape of the CC was round both on the right and left sides in 49.20% and in 53.12% of the cases.

Conclusion The results of the present study will be useful in the performance of neurosurgical procedures, thereby preventing unpleasant complications.
Variation in Cervical Length over Time during a Single Transvaginal Ultrasound Examination
Authors: Connolly Katherine A. , Vieira Luciana , Yoselevsky Elizabeth M. , Pan Stephanie , Stone Joanne L.
Published: December 2018

Objective To quantify the degree of change in cervical length (CL) over a 3-minute transvaginal ultrasound.

Study Design We conducted a prospective observational study of nulliparous patients who underwent routine transvaginal CL screening at the time of their second-trimester ultrasound. We recorded CL at four time points (0, 1, 2, 3 minutes) and compared these values to determine the minute-to-minute change within a single patient.

Results A total of 771 patients were included. The mean gestational age was 20.8 weeks (±0.84). We used a linear mixed effect model to assess if each minute during the ultrasound is associated with a change in CL. The intraclass correlation coefficient between minute 0 to minute 3 was 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.84). This indicates that there is a relatively high within-patient correlation in CL during their ultrasound. Additionally, we stratified patients based on their starting CL; the intraclass correlation coefficient remained high for all groups. We additionally compared CL at each minute. Although there is a statistically significant difference between several time points, the actual difference is small and not clinically meaningful.

Conclusion The variation in CL over a 3-minute transvaginal ultrasound examination is not clinically significant. It may be reasonable to conduct this examination over a shorter period.
Energy transfer and electron energization in collisionless magnetic reconnection for different guide-field intensities
Authors: Pucci F. , Usami S. , Ji H. , Guo X. , Horiuchi R. , Okamura S. , Fox W. , Jara-Almonte J. , Yamada M. , Yoo J.
Published: December 2018

Electron dynamics and energization are one of the key components of magnetic field dissipation in collisionless reconnection. In 2D numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection, the main mechanism that limits the current density and provides an effective dissipation is most probably the electron pressure tensor term, which has been shown to break the frozen-in condition at the x-point. In addition, the electron-meandering-orbit scale controls the width of the electron dissipation region, where the electron temperature has been observed to increase both in recent Magnetospheric Multiple-Scale (MMS) observations and in laboratory experiments, such as the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX). By means of two-dimensional full-particle simulations in an open system, we investigate how the energy conversion and particle energization depend on the guide field intensity. We study the energy transfer from the magnetic field to the plasma in the vicinity of the x-point and close downstream regions, and E·J and the threshold guide field separating two regimes where either the parallel component, E||J||, or the perpendicular component, E⊥·J⊥, dominate the energy transfer, confirming recent MRX results and also consistent with MMS observations. We calculate the energy partition between fields and kinetic and thermal energies of different species, from electron to ion scales, showing that there is no significant variation for different guide field configurations. Finally, we study possible mechanisms for electron perpendicular heating by examining electron distribution functions and self-consistently evolved particle orbits in high guide field configurations.
Perspective: Molten core optical fiber fabrication—A route to new materials and applications
Authors: Ballato J. , Peacock A. C.
Published: December 2018

The molten core method, whereby a precursor core phase melts at the draw temperature of the cladding glass that encapsulates it, has proven to be a remarkably versatile approach to realize novel optical fibers. Employed globally for both scientific inquiry and practical applications, it is arguably the only approach that leads to long lengths of novel material fiber with both crystalline and glassy cores. This article reviews the history of the process, the ever-broadening range of compositions, the unique applications that have been enabled, and provides a perspective on current challenges and future opportunities.
Microscopy provides a closer look at promising next-generation magnetic storage medium
Authors: Cesare Chris
Published: December 2018

Researchers report a model that correlates structural characteristics with key magnetic properties in nanostructured FePt granular films.
Islamic tourism and use of social media.
Authors: Rashid T. , Adwik S.
Published: December 2018

This chapter discusses the use of social media and its impact on consumer behaviour in the context of Islamic/Muslim-friendly tourism. The chapter begins by discussing the development of social media and the application of Web 2.0 technology, and then provides a definition of social media and some related terms. Furthermore, an understanding of the importance of Halal and Islamic (Shari'ah) law leads to conclusions on why Muslims are interested in Muslim-friendly tourism rather than the traditional form of tourism.
An opportunity unexploited: a pilgrim's observations on the potential of Muslim pilgrimage (Hajj).
Authors: Acar M.
Published: December 2018

This chapter discusses why the Muslim pilgrimage to Makkah (Hajj) is a disturbingly underutilized or unexploited business opportunity for the Islamic tourism industry, and puts forward suggestions to improve the utilization of its potential. The chapter assesses the potential benefits of Hajj from the economic and sociocultural point of view and evaluates the problems faced by pilgrims during the Hajj period.