bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Quadrilateral Plate in Acetabular Fracture Surgery: What Is It and When Should It Be Addressed?
Authors: Butler Bennet A. , Stover Michael D. , Sims Stephen H.
Published: January 2021

The quadrilateral plate (QP) is the relatively flat surface of bone in the true pelvis lying directly medial to the acetabulum. This surface is frequently involved in acetabular fractures. Elderly individuals, in particular, commonly sustain anterior column fractures with incomplete or complete posterior hemitransverse fracture lines with associated QP comminution. If QP fracture lines propagate through the superior weight-bearing surface of the acetabulum, the femoral head may displace medially, leading to poor outcomes if not addressed. Fortunately, the collective work of many orthopaedic surgeons has resulted in numerous effective methods for approaching, reducing, and stabilizing the QP and the diverse family of fractures which affect it. A thorough understanding of the QP, its anatomy, radiology, and techniques for fixation, is required to optimize patient outcomes.
Complete Type Catalog of Trombiculidae sensu lato (Acari: Trombidiformes) of the U.S. National Entomology Collection, Smithsonian Institution
Authors: Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Jacinavicius Fernando de Castro , Welbourn Cal , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes , Ochoa Ron
Published: January 2021

Mites in the family Trombiculidae sensu lato are parasites of terrestrial vertebrates, even humans, in their larval stage. There are more than 3,700 species of chiggers, and about one-third of these species are represented by type specimens in the Smithsonian Institution’s United States National Museum Entomology Collection. Here we provide a catalog of all primary and secondary type specimens of chiggers (holotype, paratype, syntype, lectotype, and paralectotype) housed in the collection. Listed herein are 1,026 type specimens with 645 representing holotypes, 782 paratypes, 69 syntypes, 19 lectotypes, and 16 paralectotypes of larvae, deutonymphs, and adult chiggers.
Političko (ne)povjerenje kao odrednica glasanja i sklonosti protestnim oblicima političkog sudjelovanja
Authors: Franc Renata , Maglić Marina , Sučić Ines
Published: January 2021

Polazeći od dvodimenzionanog razumijevanja povjerenja u političke institucije, u radu provjeravamo prediktivnost povjerenja u vladu i predstavničke institucije i povjerenja u provedbene institucije za objašnjenje glasanja te prosvjednog sudjelovanja, kao i moguću posredujuću ulogu zadovoljstva funkcioniranjem političkog sustava. Rad se temelji na hrvatskim podatcima petog vala Europskog istraživanja vrednota – EIV (European Values Study – EVS, 2017). Pojedinačne povezanosti dvaju oblika povjerenja i dvaju tipova sudjelovanja pokazuju da je izraženije povjerenje u vladu i predstavničke institucije povezano s češćim glasanjem te manjom sklonošću prosvjednom sudjelovanju, dok je povjerenje u provedbene institucije povezano samo s manjom sklonošću prosvjednom sudjelovanju. Ujedno, oba su oblika političkog povjerenja snažno međusobno povezana te praćena većim zadovoljstvom funkcioniranjem političkog sustava, a koje je u slaboj pozitivnoj vezi s glasanjem te u negativnoj sa sklonošću prosvjedima. Multivarijatnom analizom potvrđen je samo samostalan pozitivni doprinos povjerenja u vladu i predstavničke institucije za pojašnjenje glasanja. Rezultate raspravljamo u kontekstu visoke povezanosti dvaju oblika političkog povjerenja u hrvatskim uvjetima te dosadašnjih nalaza o odrednicama glasanja i prosvjednog sudjelovanja kao dvaju oblika političkog sudjelovanja.
Marketing in a socially connected world: the impact of value on sharing of commercial videos
Authors: Gonçalves Filho Cid , Souki Gustavo Quiroga , Randt Daniel Fagundes , Chinelato Flávia Braga
Published: January 2021

The viral marketing offers answers for the structuring and disseminating fast and large-scale information in favor of content, products, and their brands. Sustained by the growth of technological users, social networks and mobile technology, video viewing, posts, and sharing, it has become an everyday action. Thus, the organizations started to produce commercial videos and dissemination them in the social networks, where consumer users share what they identify themselves with.  Lister (2018) highlights that a video that is socially shared generates 1.200% more shares than the text and images combined. Video is a trend in terms of online communication, as millions of dollars are spent on these efforts to persuade and generate an impact on their audiences target monthly (Lister, 2018). However, most of the studies about video sharing are related to consumer content, not firm generated content. In this sense, the central objective of this study is to identify the antecedents of commercial video sharing and its impact on the consumers' attitudes. The videos that were mostly seen on YouTube in 2017 and the top of mind brands were selected as the research's corpus. A total of 368 questionnaires were collected, preceded by the viewing of the videos that were selected. The results reveal significant impacts of the entertainment value and utility value with the intention of sharing videos, but the social value has no significant impact. In this sense, this study contributed by identifying content and persuasion strategies for firms in order to earn media from sharing of commercial videos, which every day more represent a larger share in the organizations' communication budget.
Sustainable Treatment of Heavy Metals by Adsorption on Raw Chitin/Chitosan
Authors: Fatima Boukhlifi
Published: January 2021

The objective of this chapter was to treat metal pollution of wastewater rich in Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions by adsorption tests on the raw chitin/chitosan. Different origin namely shrimp (Ccre), crab (Ccra) and lobster (Clan). Raw shrimp chitin had a strong affinity for Pb2+ and Cd2+. The adsorption capacity of zinc on the crabs chitin is twice as great as that on the shrimp chitin. The kinetic study showed that more than 50% of these ions are adsorbed before equilibrium is reached (20 minutes). The adsorption kinetics also showed that the hardness of the shells has a negative effect on the kinetics of the adsorption process. Indeed, the adsorption of Pb2+ on the raw chitin shrimp requires only 30 minutes, while on the raw chitin lobster; the equilibrium time is 60 minutes. To ensure a sustainable treatment, sludge generated by adsorption of heavy metals was incinerated at high temperature. Incineration has led to calcite phases, which do not represent any toxicity on the environment and it can be recycled in the industry of solid materials (ceramics, cement, etc.). However, the regeneration of sludge by the acid changes the structure of the material and gives new adsorbent supports.
Towards the Development of the Informal Economy: The Case of Street Trading in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Olubunmi Olaposi Titilayo
Published: January 2021

Previously, scholars in Nigeria have argued for and against the continuing existence of street trading activity in cities but no known study had examined how street trading could be developed. This chapter seeks to provide empirical evidence for its characteristics, values and challenges in order to provide insights into how street traders could be supported to make their trading activity more productive and sustainable. Findings showed that the street traders need entrepreneurship education, financial support and favourable regulatory measures to facilitate the development of their trades. The chapter concludes that street trading could be highly productive and sustainable if adequately supported.
Endemic Vascular Plants from the Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, Southern India
Authors: Narayanasamy Dhatchanamoorthy , Natesan Balachandran
Published: January 2021

Intensive botanical survey was done more than two decades on Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest from four coastal districts viz. Cuddalore, Kancheepurm, Nagai and Villupuram of Tamil Nadu and Union Territory of Pondicherry. A total of 87 protected (hillocks, reserve forest) and unprotected (sacred groves, unclassified vegetation) sites were regularly studied from five districts. From this study 82 endemic taxa were enumerated. In addition 25 endemic species were added for the analysis through literature screening and herbarium consultation from 10 Coromandel coastal districts of Tamil Nadu. In all 107 species were recorded, among them 19 are trees, 18 shrubs, 9 climbers and 61 herbs. Distribution of these endemic species were analysed and categorised into endemic to the country, peninsular India, southern India, Eastern and Western Ghats, state and district level. Interestingly the study found that some endemic species were disjunctly distributed in between districts, states, ghats, climatic regimes and bioregions. The disturbance, threat status and conservation measures of few endemic and IUCN red listed species were also studied and discussed.
Survey and Analysis of Lightweight Authentication Mechanisms
Authors: Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Sharma Deepak
Published: January 2021

Interconnection of devices through Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) brings enormous applications that are increasing constantly day by day. Due to the rapid growth of such applications, security of RFID networks becomes crucial and is a major challenge. Classical or lightweight cryptography primitives and protocols are the solutions to enhance the security standards in such networks. Authentication protocols are one of the important security protocols required to be integrated before exchange of secured information. This work surveyed the recently developed authentication protocols. Further, classifications, security challenges, and attack analysis are explored. A comparative analysis of different types of authentication protocols explains their applications in resourceful and resource constraint Internet of Things (IoT). Authentication protocols are categorized into: symmetric, asymmetric, lightweight, ultra-lightweight and group protocols. Symmetric and asymmetric protocols are more suitable for resourceful devices whereas lightweight and ultra-lightweight protocols are designed for resource constraint devices. Security and cost analysis shows that asymmetric protocols provide higher security than any other protocol at a reasonable cost. However, lightweight authentication protocols are suitable for passive RFID devices but do not provide full security.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Major Challenge for Neonatologists
Authors: Prasad Rameshwar
Published: January 2021

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major congenital anomaly of the neonates, characterized by the herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity during fetal life. This results in significant pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia after birth, which responds poorly to therapeutic interventions. CDH is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The exact pathogenesis is not well understood, and genetic factors have been proposed. The management starts in utero, with antenatal diagnosis and identification of prenatal predictors for the outcomes, which help in the selection of cases suitable for fetal therapy. The postnatal management is complicated by the need for variable cardio-respiratory support and even extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), before corrective surgery is undertaken. Improvement in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the underdeveloped lungs and pulmonary vessels has contributed to substantial progress in the management of CDH, which has translated into improved outcomes and survival. Still, many questions regarding CDH remain unanswered and the management is largely based on weak evidence.
Smart Breeding for Climate Resilient Agriculture
Authors: Singh Bakala Harmeet , Singh Gurjeet , Srivastava Puja
Published: January 2021

Human society is at a turning point of its time as climate change is becoming more and more real and inevitable. From rising temperature, which undermines the food production, to melting glaciers, causing disastrous flooding and erosion, the global repercussions of climate change are unprecedented. Plant breeding has always played a pivotal role in human history by revolutionizing agriculture to feed the ever-growing population. It can rescue humankind from imminent threats to agriculture posed by weather fluctuations, rapidly evolving pests and limiting resources. Unlocking the repository of genetic diversity and extensive utilization of wild germplasm invariably is imperative to every crop improvement program. But recent advancements in genomics, high throughput phenomics, sequencing and breeding methodologies along with state-of-the-art genome-editing tools in integration with artificial intelligence open up new doors for accelerated climate-resilient crop improvement. Therefore, holistic smart breeding approaches can be promising way out to tackle climate change and develop better-adapted crop varieties.
Organ Donation and Transplantation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Ulasi Ifeoma , Ijoma Chinwuba , Ifebunandu Ngozi , Arodiwe Ejikeme , Ijoma Uchenna , Okoye Julius , Onu Ugochi , Okwuonu Chimezie , Alhassan Sani , Onodugo Obinna
Published: January 2021

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), occupying about 80% of the African continent is a heterogeneous region with estimated population of 1.1 billion people in 47 countries. Most belong to the low resource countries (LRCs). The high prevalence of end-organ diseases of kidney, liver, lung and heart makes provision of organ donation and transplantation necessary. Although kidney and heart transplantations were performed in South Africa in the 1960s, transplant activity in SSA lags behind the developed world. Peculiar challenges militating against successful development of transplant programmes include high cost of treatment, low GDP of most countries, inadequate infrastructural and institutional support, absence of subsidy, poor knowledge of the disease condition, poor accessibility to health-care facilities, religious and trado-cultural practices. Many people in the region patronize alternative healthcare as first choice. Opportunities that if harnessed may alter the unfavorable landscape are: implementation of the 2007 WHO Regional Consultation recommendations for establishment of national legal framework and self-sufficient organ donation/transplantation in each country and adoption of their 2020 proposed actions for organ/transplantation for member states, national registries with sharing of data with GODT, prevention of transplant commercialization and tourism. Additionally, adapting some aspects of proven successful models in LRCs will improve transplantation programmes in SSA.
Innovation in the Seafood Sector through the Valorization of By-Products
Authors: Moosavi-Nasab Marzieh , Oliyaei Najme , Eun Jong-Bang , Mirzapour-Kouhdasht Armin
Published: January 2021

Aquatic, marine and algae, is reservoir of bioactive compounds, which have considerable potential to supply novel ingredients toward the development of commercial functional food products. Meanwhile, several valuable by-products generate during the manufacturing process. Seafood is still an intact reservoir of valuable compounds with significant potential to provide unique compounds applicable in functional food development. Seafood, as an important part of the diet all around the world, can be used as a source of functional components that are positively affecting the human health. Annually, 50–80 percent of the seafood processing is discarded as waste every year. Algae are also the novel natural resources for their biological and pharmacological properties. This chapter will be discussing the innovations in seafood and algae sector through the valorization of their by-products. Firstly, protein production, its characterization and the protein hydrolysates derived from seafood will be reviewed. Subsequently, bioactivity of the peptides obtained from these protein hydrolysates and other bioactive compounds such as carotenoid compounds derived from seafood including fish, shrimp, alga, and so on will be included. Finally, the main components of algae including sulfated polysaccharides, pigments and proteins will be surveyed.
Analytical Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies with Novel Fc Receptor-Based Chromatography Technique
Authors: Chakrabarti Atis , Kervinen Jukka , Müller Egbert , Tanaka Toru , Muranaka Kazuaki
Published: January 2021

Most clinically approved large biotherapeutics are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), primarily belonging to immunoglobulin G subclass-1 (IgG1) and, to a lesser extent, IgG2 and IgG4. Glycosylation is the main source of post-translational heterogeneity of mAbs, impacting their drug therapeutic mechanism of action (MOA). Glycosylation is also one of the critical factors in drug product solubility, kinetics, stability and efficacy. Thus, monitoring glycan critical quality attributes (CQAs) is an essential part of any biopharmaceutical development. The binding affinity of an IgG to its cellular Fc receptor (FcR) depends on both its IgG subclass and Fc domain glycosylation pattern. Since composition of the N-glycans also correlates to the Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC), the glycosylation pattern needs to be monitored for consistency in potency and efficacy. This applies for the original mAb biologics as well as biosimilars. In this chapter, we present a truly novel way to assess the variances in mAb glycoforms using FcγRIIIa-based affinity chromatography. First, a brief overview of the Fc receptor function is presented. Then, the principle of FcR-based affinity chromatography is explained including how this column’s potential to analyze a variety of mAbs according to their N-glycan content is highly selective and robust. Finally, we provide examples of the FcR column’s potential to improve analytical characterization of mAbs with practical applications such as effective cell line screening, monitoring of glycoengineering, process development and process control in manufacturing.
Alternative Methods to Animal Use for Monoclonal Antibody Generation and Production
Authors: Zveiter de Moraes Jane , Hamaguchi Barbara , Braggion Camila , Speciale Enzo , Cesar Fernanda , Soares Gabriela , Osaki Juliana , Aguiar Rodrigo , Pereira Tauane
Published: January 2021

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) has broad applicability in research, diagnosis, and treatment. After the introduction of hybridoma technology in 1975, the mAb market has increased dramatically, moving a large industry of more than US$ 140 billions in 2020. In 1954, the concept of the 3R’s was proposed and much changed the animal use scenario, including the recent ban on inducing ascites in mice for the production of mAb. In light of this, the generation and production of antibodies had to be reassessed. In this chapter, we present an overview of the main alternative technologies to the use of animals in the generation and production of mAb. Antibody display libraries and in silico modeling are very promising technologies that may provide mAb genetic constructs that, in the sequence, may be expressed on mammalian, bacterial, yeast or plant systems. Although the total replacement of the use of animals in the entire process is not currently feasible, it is possible to find ways to reduce and refine the use of animals in obtaining and producing mAb.
Activities for Students: Visualizing Summation Formulas
Authors: Çağlayan Günhan
Published: January 2021

The use of colored tiles or paper cutouts as representational tools in teaching summation formulas provides students with opportunities to explore and discover algebraic connections between formulas and concrete operations. These activities provide teachers with an easily accessible concept-building activity for developing formulas for the summation of consecutive positive even and odd integers.
Sharing Teaching Ideas: Classroom Voting in Mathematics
Authors: Cline Kelly S.
Published: January 2021

How do you get your students to take an active role during a mathematics class? For instance, how do you get them to form opinions and to participate in discussions about difficult concepts? There is a large body of education research demonstrating how active learning methods can be very effective, especially in comparison to traditional lectures (e.g., Bonwell and Eison 1991; Davidson 1990; Dees 1991; Hagelgans et al. 1995; Norwood 1995; Springer, Stanne, and Donovan 1999). Even when supplemented with demonstrations and PowerPoint, lectures encourage students to be passive observers, and passive students rarely learn. Classroom voting is a powerful technique promoting active learning. It engages every student in the material, and it can easily be incorporated into an otherwise traditional class. This technique breaks students out of the passive-receptive mode and requires them to participate, creating a more effective learning environment.
From the 1970s: The Element of Surprise: An Effective Classroom Technique
Authors: Johnson David R.
Published: January 2021

The article from January of 1973 focuses on “element of surprise” - effective teaching technique. Author discusses the subject matter noting that finding surprise in mathematics requires a new look and offers a list of sample problems containing such elements. Next he offers step-by-step classroom routine facilitating implementation of the technique. He concludes that element of surprise helps the teacher to uncover mathematics rather than cover the textbook.
Introduction
Authors: Lindquist Mary
Published: January 2021

It was several years ago that we were asked to choose an article to be included in the golden celebration of the Mathematics Teacher. During the interim, my mind often wandered back to the task.
Introduction
Authors: Stiff Lee V.
Published: January 2021

This is one of my favorite articles because of the message it conveys: Mathematics teaching and learning is improved when we use multiple approaches to understanding important skills and procedures, concepts, and relationships.
Delving Deeper: N-Mids
Authors: Cavanaugh William E.
Published: January 2021

In the study of plane geometry, certain figures and points are given considerable attention. Among these are the centroid of a triangle, and the observation that it lies one-third of the way along the median from its foot to the opposite vertex. If we take the equilateral triangle as a special case, the centroid is that point equidistant from the three points that define the triangle. The point equidistant from two points (the endpoints of a segment) lies halfway from one to the other. The simplicity of these fractions almost tells us to look further. The point equidistant from the vertices of a regular tetrahedron lies one-quarter of the way from the base to the vertex.
Learning about Students' Mathematical Literacy from PISA 2003
Authors: Mccrone Sharon M. Soucy , Dossey John A. , Turner Ross , Lindquist Mary Montgomery
Published: January 2021

The rising tide of numbers and statistics that occur in our daily lives signals a need for a fundamental broadening of our conception of what it means to be mathematically literate. The following problem illustrates a real-life situation that can be best understood by analyzing the underlying mathematics—that is, by using the skills that are known as mathematical literacy.
Contemporary Curriculum Issues: Statistics in the High School Mathematics Curriculum: Building Sound Reasoning under Uncertain Conditions
Authors: Scheaffer Richard , Tabor Josh
Published: January 2021

Statistics is the key to decision making in the information age. The importance of statistical thinking for life and work is reflected in state and provincial mathematics frameworks and in national standards.
Connecting Research to Teaching: Teaching Trigonometric Functions: Lessons Learned from Research
Authors: Weber Keith
Published: January 2021

Trigonometry is an important subject in the high school mathematics curriculum. As one of the secondary mathematics topics that are taught early and that link algebraic, geometric, and graphical reasoning, trigonometry can serve as an important precursor to calculus as well as collegelevel courses relating to Newtonian physics, architecture, surveying, and engineering. Unfortunately, many high school students are not accustomed to these types of reasoning (Blackett and Tall 1991), and learning about trigonometric functions is initially fraught with difficulty. Trigonometry presents many first-time challenges for students: It requires students to relate diagrams of triangles to numerical relationships and manipulate the symbols involved in such relationships. Further, trigonometric functions are typically among the first functions that students cannot evaluate directly by performing arithmetic operations.
Helping Teachers Connect Vocabulary and Conceptual Understanding
Authors: Gay A. Susan
Published: January 2021

Mathematics has many words with specialized meanings, and students encounter these words in texts, on assessments, and as part of class presentations and discussions. Students need to know the meaning of mathematics vocabulary words—whether written or spoken—in order to understand and communicate mathematical ideas (Thompson and Rubenstein 2000).
Delving Deeper: How to Skew(er) a Parametric Curve: Or, Finding Asymptotes of Nonexplicit Curves
Authors: DeBoever Christopher , Roes Barbara De
Published: January 2021

February 2006. The problem presented in the class's calculus textbook was to find the horizontal and vertical tangents as well as the concavity for the folium of Descartes and then graph the folium. The answer given (in the back of the book) had a curve with an oblique asymptote. Neither the book nor the solution manual provided a way to find the equation of the oblique asymptote, although the solution manual did prove that the limit of the difference between the y-value of the curve and the y-value of the asymptote was zero. Searching the Internet for wisdom was fruitless, so we actually had to think for ourselves.
Exploring and Writing Geometry
Authors: Sanders Cathleen V.
Published: January 2021

Exploring and writing about their discoveries provide students with a deeper understanding of geometry.
Activities for Students: Estimating African Elephant Populations (Part 1)
Authors: Fuentes Sarah Quebec
Published: January 2021

How many elephants remain in Africa? For a variety of environmental reasons, monitoring the population of elephants in Africa is extremely important. When attempting to estimate the size of an elephant population in a certain area, a researcher must make several decisions. Should the count be conducted from the air or from the ground? Should the elephants in the entire area be counted or only those in a representative area? Should only the elephants themselves be counted, or should signs of their presence—such as dung, tracks, and feeding evidence—be considered as well? Over the past four decades, the approaches used to count elephants have become more statistically refined. This twopart article, to be continued in next month's issue, will explore the mathematics of some of the methods used to count elephants and will present related activities for the mathematics classroom. In this part, we will provide a brief but pertinent history of the African elephant and then present two different methods of counting elephants. This activity may be used as an entire unit or as an application of a particular concept and may be incorporated into several courses. Algebra and geometry students will be able to handle the necessary mathematics. Although this activity informally exposes students to several statistical concepts, a sophisticated understanding of statistics is not required to complete the first two scenarios. The mathematics for the third scenario is more advanced, however; thus, it could be used in higher-level classes such as statistics and calculus. The tasks involved in all three scenarios encourage students to make connections between mathematics and other disciplines and touch on the various implications of mathematical decisions.
Shared Language
Authors: Bochicchio Daniel , Cole Shelbi , Ostien Deborah , Rodriguez Vanessa , Staples Megan , Susla Patricia , Truxaw Mary
Published: January 2021

Seven educators collaborate to develop a shared language that describes a mathematics pedagogy used to guide wholeclass discussions.
Using CAS to Solve Classical Mathematics Problems
Authors: Burke Maurice J. , Burroughs Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2021

History meets modern tools when students use a Computer Algebra System to explore classical problems.
Walking a Radian
Authors: Touval Ayana
Published: January 2021

Kinesthetic explorations of the radian in a classroom setting help students internalize this concept.
Activities for Students: As the Ball Rolls: A Quadratic Investigation Using Multiple Representations
Authors: Mittag Kathleen Cage , Taylor Sharon
Published: January 2021

Using activities to create and collect data is not a new idea. Teachers have been incorporating real-world data into their classes since at least the advent of the graphing calculator. Plenty of data collection activities and data sets exist, and the graphing calculator has made modeling data much easier. However, the authors were in search of a better physical model for a quadratic. We wanted students to see an actual parabola take shape in real time and then explore its characteristics, but we could not find such a hands-on model.
Delving Deeper: Janet's Pi-Filling Hypotheses (Archimedes' Method Revisited)
Authors: Warkentin Don R.
Published: January 2021

Inspired by Jason Slowbe's article “Pi Filling, Archimedes Style” (“Activities for Students,” Mathematics Teacher 100, no. 7 [March 2007]: 485–89), I decided to “transform an ordinary [trigonometry] lesson into a rich mathematical exploration” that would be interesting and accessible to my students (Slowbe 2007, p. 487).
A Function or Not a Function? That Is the Question
Authors: Hartter Beverly J.
Published: January 2021

Analyzing and discussing examples and nonexamples of functions can help address students' misconceptions about this important concept.
Delving Deeper: More Gems from Euclidean Geometry
Authors: Posamentier Alfred S.
Published: January 2021

The geometry that students encounter in the typical high school course is sometimes merely a collection of synthetic proofs and repetitive exercises, but geometry is more than that. Geometry encompasses unexpected insights, beautiful patterns of interrelated properties, and clever and creative solutions to difficult problems. This article focuses on incorporating some of these more inspiring aspects in the traditional geometry course to infuse students with a greater sense of excitement and wonder in the course, while enriching both students' and teachers' perception of and appreciation for this subject.
A Lesson on the Slopes of Perpendicular Lines
Authors: Tucker John M.
Published: January 2021

This lab uses The Geometer's Sketchpad to allow students to discover a property of slopes.
Contemporary Curriculum Issues: Organizing a Curriculum around Mathematical Habits of Mind
Authors: Cuoco Al , Goldenberg E. Paul , Mark June
Published: January 2021

“Although it is necessary to infuse courses and curricula with modern content, what is even more important is to give students the tools they will need in order to use, understand, and even make mathematics that does not yet exist. A curriculum organized around habits of mind tries to close the gap between what the users and makers of mathematics do and what they say.” (Cuoco, Goldenberg, and Mark 1996, p. 376)
Transforming the Way We Teach Function Transformations
Authors: Faulkenberry Eileen Durand , Faulkenberry Thomas J.
Published: January 2021

Using transparencies helps students learn function transformations— through understanding, not memorization.
Delving Deeper: A Problem in Probability
Authors: Handa Yuichi , Yakes Christopher
Published: January 2021

Suppose that we perform an experiment that involves randomly throwing darts at a dartboard. We then record where they land. We would like to determine the probability of a dart landing in a given region of the dartboard.
The Median-Median Line
Authors: Wilson David C.
Published: January 2021

Students use movie sales data to estimate and draw lines of best fit, bridging technology and mathematical understanding.
Trigonometry Comes Alive through Digital Storytelling
Authors: Gould Doug , Schmidt Denise A.
Published: January 2021

High school students create digital story problems about real-life situations and then apply trigonometric functions to solve these problems.
Student Interactions in Technology-Rich Classrooms
Authors: Fonkert Karen L.
Published: January 2021

Does the use of individual laptop computers in the classroom create a barrier to student collaboration?
Cooking with Quadratics
Authors: Bryan Luajean N.
Published: January 2021

Using basic properties of a parabola, students collect and analyze temperature data and construct a three-dimensional model from a quadratic equation—to cook marshmallows!
Connecting Research to Teaching: Shifting Mathematical Authority from Teacher to Community
Authors: Webel Corey
Published: January 2021

“Mr. Webel, is this right?” As a high school teacher, I was asked this question daily. I never knew quite how to answer. On the one hand, I wanted my students to make sense of and provide mathematical reasons for their answers rather than simply take my word for it. On the other hand, what was I supposed to say—“I refuse to answer” or “I don't know”? These responses felt disingenuous, as if I were keeping knowledge from students simply for the purpose of watching them struggle.
Activities for Students: Algebra on the Number Line
Authors: McCabe Terence , Sorto M. Alejandra , White Alexander
Published: January 2021

The number line is a powerful instructional tool for teaching the meaning of many mathematical concepts taught in middle school, including numerical operations. The number line can also be used as a tool for thinking about algebraic concepts taught in high school, such as an abstract or algebraic understanding of distance, absolute value, and inequalities.
Technology Tips: Mathematics Journals Made Manageable
Authors: Marino Keri J. , Angotti Robin L.
Published: January 2021

Journals can be used as a teaching tool to enhance mathematical understanding by allowing students to organize and communicate their reasoning, to reflect on their own learning, to record their journey through a mathematics course, and to think about and test ideas (McIntosh and Draper 2001). Although these purposes align with the Process Standards defined by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM 2000), mathematics journals are still infrequently used as a learning tool in today's classes.
Mathematical Lens: Geometry Lives at Greeley!
Authors: Madden Seán P.
Published: January 2021

Greeley West High School (GWHS), named for the prominent American newspaper editor Horace Greeley, was designed by the architectural firm of John Shaver of Salina, Kansas. GWHS faculty and administration worked with the assistant principal, Bob Kula, to clarify for Shaver's firm their needs and expectations for the new building; construction was completed in 1965. Kula later served as a school projects adviser for Shaver's firm.
A Conceptual Approach to Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities
Authors: Ellis Mark W. , Bryson Janet L.
Published: January 2021

Sitting in the back of Ms. Corey's sixthgrade mathematics class, I enjoyed seeing students enthusiastically demonstrate their understanding of absolute value. On the giant number line on the classroom floor, they counted the steps that they needed to take to get back to zero. The old definition of absolute value of a number as its distance from zero—learned by students and teachers of the previous generation—has long ago been replaced with this algebraic statement: |x| = x if x ≤ 0 or − x if x < 0. The absolute value learning objective in high school mathematics requires students to solve far more complex absolute value equations and inequalities. However, I cannot remember students attacking the task with enthusiasm or having any understanding beyond “make the inside positive.”
The Back Page: My Favorite Lesson – A Calculus-Food Event
Authors: Petsu Elaine
Published: January 2021

In an AP Calculus class, filling the time between the exams and graduation with quality instruction can be a challenge. Topics and activities chosen must pique students' interest while still encouraging them to think and make connections.
Video-Mediated Interaction (VMI)
Authors: Due Brian Lystgaard , Licoppe Christian
Published: January 2021

Video-Mediated Interaction (VMI) has become a mainstream, recognisable form of interaction that is often necessary for the routine accomplishment of institutional activities. It is probable that, in the wake of COVID-19, we are currently witnessing the emergence of a new normal that is rapidly forcing people to learn how to interact via different kinds of video-mediating technologies. Whereas prior research has predominantly provided insights into, e.g. frequencies of meetings or people’s feelings and experiences based on interviews, in this special issue we present new findings regarding the detailed interactional organisation and sense-making practices in which people are practically engaged, as these naturally unfold in situated contexts. Grounded in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis (EMCA) and video-based data-collection methodology, all of the papers in this special issue explore, at a very detailed and granular level, just how video-mediated interaction is accomplished moment by moment. This approach and its findings contribute new knowledge to research communities working with video-mediation. As such, this approach is of considerable value to practitioners who need to achieve institutional goals in effective ways. In this introduction, we present a short overview of the state-of-the-art in EMCA research, and highlight the new findings contributed by the seven articles in this special issue.
From Stakeholders to Joint Knowledge Production Partners
Authors: Doudaki Vaia , Carpentier Nico
Published: January 2021

ACADEMIC RESEARCH INVOLVING SOCIETAL PARTNERS OFTEN APPROACHES THE LATTER AS LESS KNOWLEDGEABLE, NOT POSSESSING THE SKILLS AND AUTHORITY THAT THE ACADEMIC FIELD HAS IN PRODUCING LEGITIMATE KNOWLEDGE. STILL, SEVERAL (ACADEMIC) TRADITIONS HAVE ENGAGED IN PRACTICES THAT DESTABILISE THE NOTION OF THE ACADEMIA AS THE EXCLUSIVE FIELD OF KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION, ALBEIT NOT WITHOUT INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE. BUILDING ON THIS TRADITION, THIS ARTICLE ADDRESSES THE NEED TO INVOLVE SOCIETAL PARTNERS IN THE START-UP PHASES OF PROJECTS THAT AIM FOR PARTICIPATORY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION. USING (AUTHO)ETHNOGRAPHY THIS ARTICLE REFLECTS ON THE START-UP PHASE OF A RESEARCH PROJECT ON ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION, WHICH INVOLVES A WIDE RANGE OF SOCIETAL ACTORS. IT CRITICALLY EVALUATES THE PARTICIPATORY INTENSITIES OF THE START-UP PHASE PROCESS WHICH INVOLVED A SERIES OF COLLABORATIVE DECISIONS ON HOW TO STRUCTURE PARTICIPATION, AND REPORTS ON THE OUTCOMES OF THIS PROCESS, NAMELY A SET OF GUIDING PRINCIPLES AND A TOOLKIT AIMING TO FOSTER AND ENABLE PARTICIPATION.
Communication as Ongoing Care
Authors: Lomborg Stine , Moring Camilla , Kensing Finn
Published: January 2021

THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES HOW THE PATIENT PORTAL MYCHART IS CURRENTLY EMBEDDED IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE COLLABORATIVE CARE FOR PEOPLE IN REHABILITATION OR LIVING WITH CHRONIC DISEASE. WE AIM TO SENSITIZE DISCUSSIONS ABOUT LOGICS OF CARE (MOL, 2008), CARE INFRASTRUCTURES (DANHOLT & LANGSTRUP, 2012) AND THE PUSH FOR SELF-CARE TO THE ROLE OF INFORMATION, MEDIATED COMMUNICATION AND PARTICIPATION IN ACHIEVING GOOD CARE. WE BASE OUR ARGUMENT ON FINDINGS FROM FIELDWORK AMONG PATIENTS AND CLINICIANS AT TWO HOSPITAL UNITS FOR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN COPENHAGEN AROUND THE IMPLEMENTATION AND USE OF MYCHART FOR INFORMATION, COMMUNICATION AND PARTICIPATION IN SELF-CARE. OUR FIELDWORK INDICATES THAT PATIENTS HAVE CLEAR – BUT VERY DIFFERENT – PREFERENCES FOR ACCESSING AND ENGAGING WITH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION THROUGH MYCHART. WE LINK THESE MODES TO EXPERIENCES OF AUTHORITY, ROLE-EXPECTATIONS AND THE PROSPECT FOR JOINT DECISION-MAKING IN HEALTHCARE. WE SUGGEST THAT THE INTRODUCTION OF MORE COMMUNICATIVE FLEXIBILITY FOR SOME PATIENTS SPEAKS TO AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN CONTEMPORARY CARE INFRASTRUCTURES, REGARDING MEDIA CHOICE. THIS CHOICE, WHILE SEEMINGLY TRIVIAL, GRANTS THE PATIENT COMMUNICATION AGENCY AT A POINT WHERE THE PATIENT CAN ACTUALLY MASTER THE ROLE OF ACTIVE PARTNER IN CARE. WE FURTHER SUGGEST THAT ATTENDING TO OFTEN OVERLOOKED RITUAL ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION MAY HELP QUALIFY ANALYSES OF CARE IN PURSUIT OF A GOOD LIFE.
(Re)imagining Asian Rulers in Athanasius Kircher’s China Illustrata: The Agency of Interiors
Authors: Freddolini Francesco
Published: January 2021

Cet article porte sur les portraits gravés de l’empereur moghol Jahangir (reg. 1605–1627) et de l’empereur Kangxi de Chine (reg. 1661–1722), qui figurent dans China Illustrata de Athanasius Kircher, publié en 1677. Par le biais d’une lecture attentive de ces deux images, l’auteur examine comment, plutôt que de représenter précisément ces souverains inconnus, lointains et exotiques, elles réinventent les espaces intérieurs habités par Jahangir et Kangxi en palais royaux fidèles aux normes européennes. Dans ces images, les intérieurs, leur matérialité et leur représentation deviennent des agents de traduction visuelle — des espaces où les figures peuvent s’acquitter de leurs fonctions selon une série de conventions avant tout comprises par le public cible de Kircher : les Européens.
Simulated Domesticities: Settings for Colonial Assimilation in Mid-Twentieth-Century Canada
Authors: Miłosz Magdalena
Published: January 2021

L’espace domestique est un lieu de rencontre important entre les peuples autochtones et les puissances coloniales. Au Canada comme ailleurs, le remplacement des habitations autochtones par des modèles domestiques coloniaux reflète des structures politiques coloniales de peuplement plus vastes. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le gouvernement canadien a continué d’utiliser la domesticité comme forme d’assimilation. En 1950, lorsque les « Affaires indiennes » ont commencé à relever du ministère de la Citoyenneté et de l’Immigration, les espaces domestiques pour les peuples autochtones ont ainsi été développés par le biais de nouveaux discours d’intégration et de citoyenneté. J’examine trois de ces zones de contact domestiques : les maisons unifamiliales, les salles de classe d’économie domestique et les maisons modèles. En simulant les architectures domestiques colonialistes d’après-guerre, ces espaces démontrent un mimétisme déstabilisé qui constitue une vision de la place accordée aux peuples autochtones dans l’État colonial. Je soutiens donc que l’espace domestique est un site complexe qui rend visible, en termes visuels et spatiaux, le pouvoir colonial de peuplement.
Exposer l’intérieur domestique : le cas de la salle Boucher de la Frick Collection
Authors: Marchand Marie-Ève
Published: January 2021

This article looks at the (re-)presentation of the domestic interior in museums by means of the period room. It focuses on the spatial complexity of this exhibition strategy to deepen our understanding of the process by which interiors from the past are museumified. Through an examination of the Boucher Room on display at the Frick Collection, New York, this study first challenges the principle of spatial unity which traditionally governs the period room before exploring how the relationship between the period room and its exhibition site informs the version of the history of the domestic interior offered to visitors. By bringing to light the distinctive features of this exemplary case, at once displaced and in situ, this study shows the potential contribution of the notion of space to the development of new perspectives on the interiors of the past and the modalities of their presentation within museums.
El mago de los sueños (1966), de Francisco Macián: Originalidad y contaminación de Andersen en la animación española
Authors: García Manso Angélica
Published: January 2021

El filme de animación español El mago de los sueños (1966), dirigido por Francisco Macián, procede del relato Ole Pegaojos, de Hans Christian Andersen. A lo largo de siete historias, en la película se entremezclan otros relatos del escritor danés, la tradición de los cuentos infantiles europeos y de elaboración propia, además de la influencia del cine de animación mundial. El resultado es, al tiempo, original y deudor de la impronta de Andersen. En nuestro estudio se analiza cada uno de los relatos, pequeñas joyas de la animación española protagonizados por cada uno de los monigotes de la televisiva familia Telerín y los procesos de abismación y metanoia presentes en el filme.
Noir / Noire: recepción y transformación del cine criminal en la literatura y el cine argentinos
Authors: Setton Román
Published: January 2021

Desde la consolidación de los procedimientos del MRI (Modo de Representación Institucional), el vínculo entre literatura y cine dejó de ser unidireccional -esto es, desde la literatura hacia el cine-. En ese sentido, el desarrollo del género negro o policial o criminal se presenta como un campo de análisis por demás significativo, si atendemos de manera simultánea a su evolución en el cine y la literatura. En Argentina, a diferencia de lo que sucedió en Estados Unidos y Francia, el desarrollo del cine criminal fue contemporáneo al policial negro literario. En este trabajo, nos proponemos mostrar que existe en Argentina una literatura policial negra temprana, en contraste con la historia clásica del género en el país. Esta literatura se desarrolló, en gran medida, a partir de la recepción y transformación del cine criminal estadounidense.
El intertexto genérico en el documental latinoamericano contemporáneo
Authors: Lanza Pablo
Published: January 2021

En las últimas décadas los estudios sobre el cine documental han hecho hincapié en el progresivo borramiento de las fronteras con la ficción y caracterizaron a las producciones como objetos híbridos. Si bien estas líneas nunca fueron tan rígidas como suele señalarse, es cierto que el alto nivel de estilización se ha convertido en una constante del documental actual.  El presente artículo analiza una serie de documentales latinoamericanos producidos en las últimas dos décadas a partir del diálogo que los films establecen con distintos géneros cinematográficos: el cine de terror, la road movie, y el film noir. La apropiación de estructuras narrativas, procedimientos e iconografías de los distintos géneros le proporciona al documental una serie de herramientas claves para la transmisión de historias personales y colectivas.
Virus. La guerra de los mil millones de años
Authors: Vázquez Juan Manuel
Published: January 2021

Juan José Gómez Cadenas y Juan Botas, Virus. La guerra de los mil millones de años. Madrid: Espasa, 2020, 341 págs.
Maurice Blanchot. La pasión del errar.
Authors: Saldaña Alfredo
Published: January 2021

Túa Blesa, Maurice Blanchot. La pasión del errar. Barcelona: Edicions de la Universitat de Barcelona, 2020, 295 págs.