bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary transcriptome analysis in the rabbit model of surgically-induced diaphragmatic hernia treated with fetal tracheal occlusion
Authors: Engels Alexander C. , Brady Paul D. , Kammoun Molka , Ferreiro Julio Finalet , DeKoninck Philip , Endo Masayuki , Toelen Jaan , Vermeesch Joris R. , Deprest Jan
Published: January 2016

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a malformation leading to pulmonary hypoplasia which can be treated in utero by fetal tracheal occlusion (TO). However the changes of gene expression induced by TO remain largely unknown but could be used to further improve the clinically used prenatal treatment of this devastating malformation. Therefore we aimed to investigate the pulmonary transcriptome changes due to surgical induction of diaphragmatic hernia (DH) and additional tracheal occlusion in the fetal rabbit model.

Induction of DH was associated with 378 up-regulated genes compared to controls when allowing a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.1 and a Fold Change (FC) of 2. Those genes were again down-regulated by consecutive TO. But DH+TO was associated with an up-regulation of 157 genes compared to DH and controls. When being compared to control lungs, 106 genes were down-regulated in the DH group and were not changed by TO. Therefore, the overall pattern of gene expression in DH+TO is more similar to the control group then to the DH group. In this study we further provide a database of gene expression changes induced by surgical creation of DH and consecutive TO in the rabbit model. Future treatment strategies could be developed using this dataset. We also discuss the most relevant genes that are involved in CDH.
Third harmonic generation microscopy of cells and tissue organization
Authors: Weigelin Bettina , Bakker Gert-Jan , Friedl Peter
Published: January 2016

The interaction of cells within their microenvironmental niche is fundamental to cell migration, positioning, growth and differentiation in order to form and maintain complex tissue organization and function. Third harmonic generation (THG) microscopy is a label-free scatter process that is elicited by water-lipid and water-protein interfaces, including intra- and extracellular membranes, and extracellular matrix structures. In applied life sciences, THG delivers a versatile contrast modality to complement multi-parameter fluorescence, second harmonic generation and fluorescence lifetime microscopy, which allows detection of cellular and molecular cell functions in three-dimensional tissue culture and small animals. In this Commentary, we review the physical and technical basis of THG, and provide considerations for optimal excitation, detection and interpretation of THG signals. We further provide an overview on how THG has versatile applications in cell and tissue research, with a particular focus on analyzing tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, immune cell function and cancer research, as well as the emerging applicability of THG in clinical practice.
Loss of PPARγ in endothelial cells leads to impaired angiogenesis
Authors: Vattulainen-Collanus Sanna , Akinrinade Oyediran , Li Molong , Koskenvuo Minna , Li Caiyun Grace , Rao Shailaja P. , de Jesus Perez Vinicio , Sawada Hirofumi , Koskenvuo Juha W. , Alvira Cristina , Rabinovitch Marlene , Alastalo Tero-Pekka
Published: January 2016

Tie2 promoter-mediated loss of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in mice leads to osteopetrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Vascular disease is associated with loss of PPARγ in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC), we evaluated the role of PPARγ in PMVEC functions, such as angiogenesis and migration. The role of PPARγ in angiogenesis was evaluated in Tie2CrePPARγflox/flox and wild type (WT) mice, and in mouse and human PMVECs. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic approaches were utilized to reveal angiogenesis-associated targets for PPARγ. Tie2CrePPARγflox/flox mice showed an impaired angiogenic capacity. Analysis of endothelial progenitor-like cells using bone marrow transplantation combined with evaluation of isolated PMVECs revealed that loss of PPARγ attenuates the migration and angiogenic capacity of mature PMVECs. PPARγ-deficient human PMVECs showed a similar migration defect in culture. Bioinformatic and experimental analyses revealed E2F1 as a novel target of PPARγ in the regulation of PMVEC migration. Disruption of the PPARγ-E2F1 axis was associated with a dysregulated Wnt pathway related to the GSK3β interaction protein. In conclusion, PPARγ plays an important role in sustaining angiogenic potential in mature PMVECs through E2F1-mediated gene regulation.
Computational ‘microscopy’ of cellular membranes
Authors: Ingólfsson Helgi I. , Arnarez Clément , Periole Xavier , Marrink Siewert J.
Published: January 2016

Computational ‘microscopy’ refers to the use of computational resources to simulate the dynamics of a molecular system. Tuned to cell membranes, this computational ‘microscopy’ technique is able to capture the interplay between lipids and proteins at a spatio-temporal resolution that is unmatched by other methods. Recent advances allow us to zoom out from individual atoms and molecules to supramolecular complexes and subcellular compartments that contain tens of millions of particles, and to capture the complexity of the crowded environment of real cell membranes. This Commentary gives an overview of the main concepts of computational ‘microscopy’ and describes the state-of-the-art methods used to model cell membrane processes. We illustrate the power of computational modelling approaches by providing a few in-depth examples of large-scale simulations that move up from molecular descriptions into the subcellular arena. We end with an outlook towards modelling a complete cell in silico.
Regulation of glucose metabolism by p62/SQSTM1 through HIF1α
Authors: Chen Ke , Zeng Jin , Xiao Haibing , Huang Chunhua , Hu Junhui , Yao Weimin , Yu Gan , Xiao Wei , Xu Hua , Ye Zhangqun
Published: January 2016

The signaling adaptor Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62 is frequently overexpressed in tumors and plays an important role in the regulation of tumorigenesis. Although great progress has been made, biological roles of p62 and relevant molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we show that p62 knockdown reduces cell growth and glycolytic genes in a manner depending on HIF1α activity in renal cancer cells. Knockdown of p62 decreases HIF1α levels and transcriptional activity by regulating mTORC1 activity and NF-kB nuclear translocation. Furthermore, p62 interacts directly with the VHL E3 ligase complex to modulate the stability of HIF1α. Mechanistically, p62 binds to the VHL complex and competes with HIF1α. Expression of p62 inhibits the DCNL1-CUL2 interaction and attenuates the neddylation of CUL2, and thus downregulates the VHL E3 ligase complex activity. Functionally, HIF1α expression was required for p62-induced glucose uptake, lactate production and soft agar colony growth. Taken together, our findings demonstrate p62 is a critical positive regulator of HIF1α which is a facilitating factor in p62-enhanced tumorigenesis.
Preliminary Design Estimation of the V/STOL Airplane Performance
Authors: Bronz Murat , Drouin Antoine
Published: January 2016

A preliminary study on estimating aerodynamic forces of a Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) mini Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) configuration with Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) system is presented. The main objective is to offer the next generation fixed wing mini UAV aircraft configuration with high-speed cruise flight and vertical take-off capabilities. The proposed concept uses four electric motors and propellers combination located on the leading edge of the wing. The described method uses semi-empirical formulations in order to estimate the forces and moments generated by the wing immersed in its distributed propeller slipstreams. Actuator disk theory is used for the propeller slipstream, where the thrust is assumed to be known for the calculations. Upwash of the fuselage and each propeller slipstream are taken into account for the wing and propeller inflow angle calculations. The resulting method, which is written as a program, serves as a conceptual design program for this type of configuration. Additionally, the program will be used for generating data for flight dynamics simulations. A candidate design is also presented, which is being manufactured for the on-going developments and tests.
CVFEM for Multiphase Flow with Disperse and Interface Tracking, and Algorithms Performances
Authors: Milanez M. , Naterer G. F. , Popplewell N. , Venn G. , Richardson G.
Published: January 2016

A Control-Volume Finite-Element Method (CVFEM) is newly formulated within Eulerian and spatial averaging frameworks for effective simulation of disperse transport, deposit distribution and interface tracking. Their algorithms are implemented alongside an existing continuous phase algorithm. Flow terms are newly implemented for a control volume (CV) fixed in a space, and the CVs' equations are assembled based on a finite element method (FEM). Upon impacting stationary and moving boundaries, the disperse phase changes its phase and the solver triggers identification of CVs with excess deposit and their neighboring CVs for its accommodation in front of an interface. The solver then updates boundary conditions on the moving interface as well as domain conditions on the accumulating deposit. Corroboration of the algorithms' performances is conducted on illustrative simulations with novel and existing Eulerian and Lagrangian solutions, such as (-) other, i. e. external methods with analytical and physical experimental formulations, and (-) characteristics internal to CVFEM.
Interchangeable SF3B1 inhibitors interfere with pre-mRNA splicing at multiple stages
Authors: Effenberger Kerstin A. , Urabe Veronica K. , Prichard Beth E. , Ghosh Arun K. , Jurica Melissa S.
Published: January 2016

The protein SF3B1 is a core component of the spliceosome, the large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for pre-mRNA splicing. Interest in SF3B1 intensified when tumor exome sequencing revealed frequent specific SF3B1 mutations in a variety of neoplasia and when SF3B1 was identified as the target of three different cancer cell growth inhibitors. A better mechanistic understanding of SF3B1's role in splicing is required to capitalize on these discoveries. Using the inhibitor compounds, we probed SF3B1 function in the spliceosome in an in vitro splicing system. Formerly, the inhibitors were shown to block early steps of spliceosome assembly, consistent with a previously determined role of SF3B1 in intron recognition. We now report that SF3B1 inhibitors also interfere with later events in the spliceosome cycle, including exon ligation. These observations are consistent with a requirement for SF3B1 throughout the splicing process. Additional experiments aimed at understanding how three structurally distinct molecules produce nearly identical effects on splicing revealed that inactive analogs of each compound interchangeably compete with the active inhibitors to restore splicing. The competition indicates that all three types of compounds interact with the same site on SF3B1 and likely interfere with its function by the same mechanism, supporting a shared pharmacophore model. It also suggests that SF3B1 inhibition does not result from binding alone, but is consistent with a model in which the compounds affect a conformational change in the protein. Together, our studies reveal new mechanistic insight into SF3B1 as a principal player in the spliceosome and as a target of inhibitor compounds.
The dream of health information for all
Authors: Proaño Alvaro , Ruiz Eloy F , Porudominsky Ruben , Tapia Jose Carlos
Published: January 2016

In 2004, an influential report inThe Lancetsuggested that open health information for all could be achieved by 2015. Unfortunately, this goal has not yet been accomplished. Despite progress in obtaining quality scientific articles in Latin America, it remains difficult to reliably access new and cutting-edge research. As graduating Peruvian medical students, we have confronted many obstacles in obtaining access to quality and up-to-date information and a constant tension between accessing "what is available" rather than "what we need". As we have learned, these limitations affect not only our own education but also the choices we make in the management of our patients. In the following article, we state our point of view regarding limitations in access to scientific articles in Peru and Latin America.
Analysis of 2013 civil servant selection examination biology test questions according to teacher content knowledge competencies and revised Bloom taxonomy
2013 Kamu personeli seçme sınavı biyoloji alan bilgisi sorularının biyoloji öğretmenliği alan bilgisi yeterliklerine ve yenilenmiş Bloom taksonomisine göre analizi
Authors: Kala Aylin , Çakır Mustafa
Published: January 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze questions of 2013 biology content knowledge test in civil servant selection examination (KPSS) according to performance indicators in biology teachers’ content knowledge competencies and knowledge and cognitive processes dimensions in revised Bloom taxonomy. In this qualitative research descriptive content analysis approach is employed and data is collected through document analysis. According to results questions reflected only 50% (17 of 34) biology teachers’ performance indicators identified by the National Ministry of Education. Additionally, questions did not homogenously represent levels of knowledge and cognitive processes dimensions of revised Bloom taxonomy. In cognitive processes dimension questions were mostly in category of understanding (42%) and there was not any question in either categories evaluate or create. In knowledge dimension questions were mostly in conceptual category (75%) and there was not any question that required metacognitive knowledge. Both performance indicators and knowledge levels should be better considered in preparation of such a high stake exam.

 

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2013 Kamu Personeli Seçme Sınavı’nın biyoloji alan bilgisi sorularını biyoloji öğretmenliği alan bilgisi yeterliklerinde yer alan performans göstergelerine ve Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisinin bilgi ve bilişsel süreç boyutlarına göre incelemektir. Bu araştırmada eğitim çalışmalarında sıklıkla kullanılan betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda test içerisindeki soruların biyoloji öğretmenliği alan bilgisi yeterliklerini oluşturan 34 performans göstergesinden 17 tanesini (%50’sini) yokladığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, biyoloji alan bilgisi sorularının Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisinin bilgi ve bilişsel süreç boyutlarının her evresini homojen olarak yansıtmadığı görülmüştür. Bilişsel süreç boyutunda en çok sorunun Anla (%42,5) basamağında olduğu; Değerlendir ve Yarat basamaklarında soru sorulmadığı; bilgi boyutunda ise en çok sorunun Kavramsal Bilgi (%75) türünden geldiği buna karşılık Üstbilişsel Bilgi türüne ait hiçbir sorunun sorulmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda KPSS biyoloji alan bilgisi sorularının hazırlanırken biyoloji öğretmenliği özel alan yeterlikleri ve Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisinin bilgi ve bilişsel süreç boyutlarının göz önünde bulundurulması önerilmiştir.
Corporal Hauntings
Authors: Purnell David
Published: January 2016

This narrative focuses on the use of fiction in conjunction with autoethnography in order to possibly change narrative inheritance. I use speculative autoethnography to seek out alternate outcomes of past life events. In this writing, fictionalized conversations take place with the hauntings of my child self during fragments of past experiences that I consider contributors to a failed familial relationship. I use this method to offer an alternative to the assumed social constructs of needing to “repair” such relationships. Through this account, I suggest ways to redirect the narrative momentum that pushes narrative inheritance into the future.
Scar Management in the Pediatric and Adolescent Populations
Authors: Krakowski Andrew C. , Totri Christine R. , Donelan Matthias B. , Shumaker Peter R.
Published: January 2016

For most children and adolescents who have developed symptomatic scars, cosmetic concerns are only a portion of the motivation that drives them and their caregivers to obtain treatment. In addition to the potential for cosmetic disfigurement, scars may be associated with a number of physical comorbidities including hypertrichosis, dyshidrosis, tenderness/pain, pruritus, dysesthesias, and functional impairments such as contractures, all of which may be compounded by psychosocial factors. Although a plethora of options for treating scars exists, specific management guidelines for the pediatric and adolescent populations do not, and evidence must be extrapolated from adult studies. New modalities such as the scar team approach, autologous fat transfer, and ablative fractional laser resurfacing suggest a promising future for children who suffer symptomatically from their scars. In this state-of-the-art review, we summarize cutting-edge scar treatment strategies as they relate to the pediatric and adolescent populations.
Discourse Classification into Rhetorical Functions for AWE Feedback
Authors: Cotos Elena , Pendar Nick
Published: January 2016

NLP-based technology constitutes the backbone of automated analysis of writing and feedback on grammar, usage, mechanics, style, organization, coherence, and content. However, analysis of rhetorical intent is a challenging NLP problem that remains to be addressed in order to facilitate the learning of academic genres. This paper reports on the development of the analysis engine for the [TOOL], an AWE program designed to provide genre and discipline-specific feedback on the functional units of research article discourse. Unlike traditional NLP-based applications that categorize complete documents, [TOOL]’s analyzer categorizes every sentence in the text as both a rhetorical move and step using a 17-step schema. The paper first reviews the approaches to and implementations of automated discourse categorization in order to provide a background for the automated genre analysis methodology. Then, it describes the construction of a cascade of two support vector machine classifiers trained on a multi-disciplinary corpus of annotated Introduction texts. Lastly, it demonstrates how this categorization approach was applied to the generation of feedback on the rhetorical functions of the research article genre. This work not only demonstrates the usefulness of NLP for automated genre analysis, but also paves the road for future AWE endeavors and forms of automated feedback that could facilitate construction of functional meaning in writing.
ALINHAMENTO DOS PROJETOS DE TI AO PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DE UNIVERSIDADE PRIVADA BRASILEIRA PERTENCENTE A UM GRUPO AMERICANO
Authors: Silva Vanilson Araújo da , Mendonça Cláudio Márcio Campos de
Published: January 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o processo de alinhamento estratégico dos projetos de TI de uma Universidade privada pertencente a um grupo Americano. Demonstrou como ocorre a classificação e priorização dos projetos em relação aos objetivos estratégicos da instituição. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória/descritiva, com abordagem de forma qualitativa, método de estudo de caso, técnica de coleta de dados documental e entrevistas com questões semiestruturadas. Com os resultados obtidos através do estudo de caso, concluiu-se que a aplicação do método proporciona uma gestão mais efetiva dos recursos de TI, mantendo o alinhamento com os objetivos estratégicos das áreas organizacionais. A organização estudada mostrou maturidade no uso de ferramentas de gestão, principalmente pelo o uso do BSC, que possibilita, através de seus conceitos e métodos, uma visão clara das estratégias, objetivos e metas empresariais, esclarecendo e estabelecendo consensos.
A MOTIVAÇÃO COMO CONDICIONANTE À QUALIDADE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA EM SAÚDE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM MOSSORÓ/RN.
Authors: Paiva Neto José Rodrigues , Gomes Maria Antunizia
Published: January 2016

A sociedade tem exigido maior qualidade na prestação dos serviços públicos e, por decorrência, uma consecução de resultados sociais satisfatórios. Assim, este trabalho buscou analisar como a motivação se manifesta no serviço público, especificamente em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS), Mossoró/RN, pretendendo investigar, através de estudo de caso, quais os fatores motivacionais se encontram mais presentes e quais características devem existir no ambiente de trabalho para torná-lo motivador e eficiente. Nesse sentido, realizou-se pesquisa quantitativa utilizando-se de questionário com perguntas fechadas como instrumento de coleta, aplicado aos servidores da UBS. Os resultados serviram para a compreensão de quanto a motivação funciona como condicionante fundamental para o desenvolvimento das atividades laborais, para a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos e para a satisfação dos usuários. Ainda, demonstrou a necessidade de as instituições públicas promoverem políticas que favoreçam a motivação como condicionante à qualidade na atenção primária em saúde, considerando os servidores públicos como atores interessados e merecedores de estrutura de trabalho adequada, qualificação profissional permanente e remuneração condizente com o mercado de trabalho, de maneira a lhes propiciar qualidade de vida como retorno de suas atividades laborais e, principalmente, cumprirem o papel social oferecendo ações de qualidade aos usuários dos serviços básicos de saúde.
Contributions of fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag to the early hydration heat of composite binder at different curing temperatures
Authors: Qiang Wang , Mengxiao Shi , Dengquan Wang
Published: January 2016

Hydration heat evolutions and non-evaporable water contents of binders and reaction degrees of fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) were tested to investigate the contributions of fly ash and GGBS to the early hydration heat of composite binders at 25°C and 50°C. Results show that fly ash makes a very small contribution to the early hydration heat of composite binder at 25°C, but GGBS makes a considerable contribution at 25°C. Elevated temperature enhances the contributions of both fly ash and GGBS to the early hydration heat of composite binder significantly. The promoting effect of elevated temperature on the hydration heat and non-evaporable water content of GGBS binder is greater than that of fly ash binder. The reaction heat per unit mass of GGBS is only 16·7% higher than that of fly ash. The main reason for the difference of hydration heats between GGBS binder and fly ash binder is that GGBS shows much higher hydraulic activity than fly ash.
Macro–meso failure mechanism of soil–rock mixture at medium strain rates
Authors: Wang Y. , Li X. , Zheng B. , Zhang B. , He J. M. , Li S. D.
Published: January 2016

Uniaxial compressive strength experiments at medium strain rate were conducted to characterise rate effects and the macro–meso failure mechanism of a soil and rock mixture (SRM) with different rock block percentages using a servo-hydraulic variable frequency dynamic machine. Macroscopic failure morphology descriptions and meso three-dimensional laser scanning techniques are used to investigate internal failure mechanism. The results indicated that SRM specimens experience splitting failure, shear failure and conical failure with increasing strain rate. The cumulative fracture width and surface toughness were dependent on the loading rate, which were the results of interaction between rock blocks and the soil matrix and induced by the intrinsic fracture mechanism.
Microbially induced calcite precipitation effect on soil thermal conductivity
Authors: Venuleo S. , Laloui L. , Terzis D. , Hueckel T. , Hassan M.
Published: January 2016

Efficiency of energy piles is strongly affected by soil saturation conditions: low water contents considerably decrease their performance thus limiting the possibility to extend their application to arid environments. This paper investigates the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) technique as a potential means of enhancing the soil–pile heat exchange rates by improving the thermal properties of soil. The study puts the focus on measuring the thermal conductivity of untreated and treaded sand at various degrees of saturation. Experimental results clearly show a significant improvement of the thermal conductivity of soil especially for low degrees of saturation. This enhancement is attributed to the mineralised calcite crystals acting as ‘thermal bridges’ between the soil grains, offering a larger surface area for heat exchange compared with the untreated material in which exchanges occur through smaller contact points.
Thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate concrete
Authors: Real Sofia , Bogas José Alexandre , Gomes Maria da Glória , Ferrer Beatriz
Published: January 2016

This paper characterises the thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate concrete with strength classes ranging from LC12/13 to LC55/60 and density classes from D1·6 to D2·0. The thermal conductivity of concrete is assessed by a transient test method, taking into account different types of lightweight aggregate and binder, as well as different water/binder ratios. The influence of the concrete constituents on its thermal conductivity is analysed and relations between this thermal property and both the density and water content of concrete are established. It is shown that the thermal conductivity of structural lightweight aggregate concrete can be half that of normal weight concrete of similar composition. A high exponential correlation between thermal conductivity and density of concrete is achieved. On average, thermal conductivity decreases about 0·6% per each 1% increment in aggregate porosity, 8·3% per each 50 l/m3 increment in coarse aggregate volume and 3–9% per each reduction of 1% by weight in water content.
NREX: Neutron reflectometer with X-ray option
Authors: Khaydukov Yury , Soltwedel Olaf , Keller Thomas
Published: January 2016

The high resolution neutron/ X-ray contrast reflectometer NREX, operated by the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, is designed for the determination of structural and magnetic properties of surfaces, interfaces, and thin film systems.
HUYE LUEGO, LEXOS Y LARGO TIEMPO La pintura de niños de Murillo y la peste de Sevilla de 1649
Authors: Hervás Gonzalo
Published: January 2016

Este artículo está dedicado a estudiar la serie de los niños de Murillo en relación con la epidemia de peste que asoló la ciudad de Sevilla en 1649, haciendo especial hincapié en la posible influencia de la enfermedad dentro de la concepción y representación de dichas obras.
El traslado de edificios históricos en Galicia: Los ejemplos de San Xoán de Cova, San Estevo de Chouzán y Portomarín
Authors: Fernández Martínez Carla
Published: January 2016

En este artículo se analiza una de las prácticas de restauración monumental utilizada durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX que, aunque fue frecuente, es escasamente conocida: el traslado de los edificios históricos. A través del análisis de la documentación en prensa se ha indagado en los ejemplos gallegos de San Xoán de Covas, San Estevo de Chouzán y de Portomarín.
Las intervenciones del obispo Marcelino Siuri en la catedral de Córdoba
Authors: Pérez García Francisco Manuel
Published: January 2016

Los templos catedralicios han sido los mejores emblemas de las diócesis españolas y por ello, han sufrido constantes transformaciones a lo largo de su historia a fin de adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades y las nuevas corrientes estéticas. Asimismo, son lugares idóneos para la perdurabilidad de la huella dejada por quienes intervienen en ellos. El obispo don Marcelino Siuri a su llegada a la diócesis cordobesa, a finales de 1717, dio fin a las obras de abovedamiento de las techumbres de la catedral que otorgaron una nueva concepción espacial más acorde con la estética dieciochesca y a su vez, engrandeció la capilla del baptisterio con un complejo programa iconográfico incorporado en un retablo fingido. Con este estudio se presente mostrar y analizar ambas intervenciones revelando la labor llevada a cabo por Siuri en cada una de ellas.
LA IMAGEN DE LA LIEBRE EN LOS TEJIDOS DE LA ANTIGÜEDAD TARDÍA DEL VALLE DEL NILO
Authors: Rodríguez Peinado Laura
Published: January 2016

La liebre es un animal telúrico que en distintas culturas ha tenido un carácter sagrado. Durante la Antigüedad Tardía fue un animal benefactor y su representación en los textiles del Valle del Nilo muestra su imagen asociada a tradiciones faraónicas, grecorromanas y cristianas, con un significado que varía en función del contexto, pero en general fue un icono con un claro carácter profiláctico y apotropaico que procuraba fertilidad, fortuna y era un claro referente de la renovación cíclica, con poder de regeneración y relacionada con la inmortalidad.
Cuestiones de terminología en torno al procedimiento artístico del esgrafiado y sus variantes técnicas
Authors: Ruiz Alonso Rafael
Published: January 2016

La técnica del esgrafiado, a pesar de su larga existencia y su presencia en buena parte del mundo, es una gran desconocida. Este artículo aborda cuestiones básicas, necesarias e imprescindibles para cualquier acercamiento a sus manifestaciones, dada la gran confusión y falta de rigor que existe en la mayor parte de la bibliografía nacional y extranjera. Se reúnen aquí todos los términos con los que es y ha sido conocida esta técnica, analizando las características de cada uno de ellos, su procedencia, ámbito de utilización e implicaciones históricas. Por otro lado, se compendian todas las variantes técnicas que se agrupan bajo el genérico nombre de “esgrafiado”.
La construcción descentralizada de datos espaciales: riesgos para la calidad de la información geográfica
Authors: Ariza López Francisco Javier
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo se define en qué consiste un marco de «construcción descentralizada» de datos espaciales, el cuál presenta matices diferenciadores respecto a lo que se ha venido denominando «producción descentralizada». Para entender lo que pueden suponer los riesgos de la mala calidad, primeramente, se refuerza la idea de la importancia de los datos espaciales en la toma de decisiones. Posteriormente se identifican y presentan los que entendemos que, al día de hoy, son los principales retos: producción (comprometerse en mucho), acceso (permitir accesos de calidad), interoperabilidad (posibilitar la utilización y uso legal), metadatos (describir bien los productos), trazabilidad y metacalidad (mantener el linaje e información sobre la calidad de la calidad) y la preservación (asegurar del uso futuro). El trabajo acaba con unas breves conclusiones en las que se identifican las principales líneas de trabajo (normalización, formación, liderazgo, etc.) para evitar estos riesgos.
How Promising is the Rice Green Revolution in Sub‐Saharan Africa? Evidence from Case Studies in Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, and Ghana1
Authors: Otsuka Keijiro
Published: January 2016

While the population continues to grow rapidly, the pace of area expansion has slowed down considerably in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) due to the gradual exhaustion of uncultivated areas. In order to reduce the widespread and persistent rural poverty in SSA, it is imperative to increase the food production by increasing the productivity per unit of land or achieving the Green Revolution. This article attempts to demonstrate that lowland rice is a promising crop for SSA importantly because Asian Green Revolution technology can be directly transferable to SSA and that a major constraint on the rice Green Revolution is the lack ofstrong extension systems.
The Concept of Neutrality with Regard to Gender and Religion: A Critique Exemplified by the Approach of Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Mügge Cornelia
Published: January 2016

This article is about the meaning and the plausibility of the concept of neutrality with regard to debates on gender and religion in political philosophy. As an example, it takes the Capabilities Approach of Martha Nussbaum, which is particularly instructive as she advocates neutrality between comprehensive doctrines and, at the same time, attends to the challenges posed by gender and religion. Starting from an explanation of the meaning of the concept of neutrality in Nussbaum’s approach, the article focuses on objections against neutrality raised by feminist approaches. It discusses Nussbaum’s defence of neutrality and asks whether it is convincing or not, and to what extent. The article suggests a differentiation between neutrality as an ideal and the attribution of neutrality to actual political norms. It further argues that, whereas Nussbaum’s approach implies the latter conception, the former better corresponds to the basic norm of equal respect.
Values and Veils in Danish and Norwegian Parliamentary Debates and the Absence of Gender
Authors: Lindberg Jonas
Published: January 2016

This is a case study on the kinds of values that were invoked in the parliamentary debates in 2009 on whether or not Danish judges and Norwegian policewomen should be allowed to wear veils for religious reasons in their line of duty. The case marks a shift and the limits of the until-then fairly liberal religious accommodation by the two states. Despite the high esteem of gender equality in Denmark and Norway, gender values are less referred to in these debates and the most common values are instead secularism, secular progress and neutrality or, more explicitly, the impartiality and credibility of the state. The findings are understood as a sign of the adaptive character of symbolic politics to focus on different values depending on the issue, as the underlying purpose is to distinguish between the majority population and (religious) minorities through the use of a narrative of secular progress. A secularism based on such narrative is used to express a clash between values associated with secularity, freedom and modernity and religion, oppression and tradition, here symbolised by the wearing of veils.
Van mosterdgas naar zwaveldioxide. Over de oorsprong van de eerste zwaveldioxidemonitor
Authors: Buijsman Ed
Published: January 2016

Recently, this magazine published an article on the significance of the first monitor for sulphur dioxide in air and its role in the awareness of air pollution in The Netherlands (Cf. Studium 7:2 (2014) 97–104). A rather unknown aspect is the origin of the monitor. Archival research showed that the automatic measuring device has its roots in war time scientific research in the United States aiming to develop a measurement method for mustard gas on the battle field.
Identification of Individuals With Undiagnosed Diabetes and Pre‐Diabetes in a Danish Cohort Attending Dental Treatment
Authors: Holm Niels‐Christian Reimers , Belstrøm Daniel , Østergaard Jakob Appel , Schou Søren , Holmstrup Palle , Grauballe Morten Bay
Published: January 2016

Background: It is estimated that 3.6% and 13.6% of the Danish population have undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes, respectively. Periodontitis is an established complication associated with diabetes (DM). Identification of individuals with DM and prediabetes is important to reduce DM‐related complications, including periodontitis. The objective of this study is to identify individuals with undiagnosed DM or prediabetes among patients attending a dental setting for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: A total of 291 adults with no history of DM was included in the study (periodontitis patients: n = 245; non‐periodontitis control individuals: n = 46). Participants answered questionnaires concerning general health, including family history of DM. Body mass index, waist circumference, fat percentage, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were recorded chairside. Periodontal examination was performed and radiographic bone level measured. All individuals were informed about their HbA1c test result and were referred to their physician if HbA1c level was above guideline levels for DM or prediabetes according to the American Diabetes Association.

Results: Nine (3.1%) and 79 (27.1%) individuals were identified with HbA1c levels corresponding to guideline levels for DM and prediabetes, respectively. Higher proportions of patients with undiagnosed DM and prediabetes were observed in the periodontitis group (32.7%) than in the control group (17.4%) (P = 0.054). Identification of DM and prediabetes based on a diagnosis of periodontitis yielded a sensitivity of 0.91 and a specificity of 0.19.

Conclusions: This study confirms that individuals with undiagnosed DM and prediabetes can be identified in the dental office by chairside recordings of HbA1c levels. Routine measurement of HbA1c levels in dental offices, eventually restricted to those at risk, may help identification of individuals with DM and prediabetes at early stages of disease, which may prevent future complications.
Combination of Controlled Release Platelet‐Rich Plasma Alginate Beads and Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Fernandes Gabriela , Wang Changdong , Yuan Xue , Liu Zunpeng , Dziak Rosemary , Yang Shuying
Published: January 2016

Background: Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) consists of platelet‐derived growth factor and transforming growth factor‐β that increase proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), whereas bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP2) promotes osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. However, the high degradation rate of fibrin leads to the dissociation of cytokines even before the process of bone regeneration begins. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the combined effect of sustained release of PRP from alginate beads on BMP2‐modified MSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro and sustained release of PRP alone on a fracture defect model ex vivo as well as its effect on calvarial suture closure.

Methods: After optimizing the alginate concentration for microspheres, the combined osteogenic and mineralization effect of PRP and BMP2 on MSCs was studied. Self‐setting alginate hydrogel carrying PRP was tested on a femur defect model ex vivo. The effect of PRP at day 15 on the closure of the embryonic mouse calvaria sutures ex vivo was also studied.

Results: Increase of PRP concentration promoted proliferation of MSCs, and 2.5% to 10% of PRP gradually increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Sustained release of PRP and BMP2 demonstrated significantly higher ALP and mineralization activity (P <0.05). Radiographs of alginate hydrogel with PRP‐treated bone demonstrated nearly complete healing of the fracture, and histologic sections of the embryonic calvaria revealed that PRP leads to suture fusion.

Conclusion: Sustained release of PRP along with BMP2‐modified MSCs can significantly promote bone regeneration.
Prospective Clinical and Radiographic Study of Alveolar Ridge Preservation Combining Freeze‐Dried Bone Allograft With Two Xenogeneic Collagen Matrices
Authors: Parashis Andreas O. , Hawley Charles E. , Stark Paul C. , Ganguly Rumpa , Hanley James B. , Steffensen Bjorn
Published: January 2016

Background: Tooth extractions are followed by significant dimensional changes in the alveolar crest that may preclude implant placement. This randomized, controlled, prospective compares the preservation of soft and hard tissue dimensional changes after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using two membranes consisting of collagen matrix (CM) or extracellular matrix (ECM) as barriers over freeze‐dried bone allograft (FDBA).

Methods: Standardized clinical and radiographic measurements of soft and hard tissues were recorded by means of a stent before and 4 months after ARP. The surgery entailed sulcular incisions with minimal flap elevation and repositioning without advancement.

Results: Of 11 patients in the CM group and 12 in the ECM group who completed the study, gingival thickness (GT) increased from 0.1 to 0.2 mm for both groups along with a 0.5‐mm decrease in the width of keratinized tissue after healing. Reductions in ridge width were most pronounced on the coronal aspect, 1.8 mm for CM and 2.0 mm for ECM, whereas vertical reduction was most pronounced on the buccal aspect, 0.7 to 1.0 mm. Differences between groups were not statistically significant. However, significant correlation for changes in GT (P = 0.001) and crestal bone width (P = 0.002) with preoperative buccal plate thickness (BPT) was observed.

Conclusions: Both xenogeneic collagen matrices combined with FDBA were effective in maintaining soft tissues and minimizing ridge resorption in all dimensions after ARP. BPT was an important determinant for amount of change in crestal GT and ridge width.
Use of Sliding Sleeve Valves in Long Laterals for Control of Production, Injection and Stimulation
Authors: Hajjar Hadi , Al-Azizi Badr
Published: January 2016

Though extended reach completion has become more common in Abu Dhabi and the region, there are still challenges to overcome in completing of the lower completion in order to have better control on production, injection and stimulation, especially, when the reservoir characteristics vary along the lateral.

Multiple horizontal wells with different lower completion design have been drilled and completed in the region, e.g. Pre-Perforated Liner (PPL), Limited Entry Liner (LEL), Inflow Control Device (ICD's) & Inflow Control Valve's (ICVs). All of these laterals have been designed to have multiple compartments with certain separation in order to control the stimulation job either by bullheading (pumping from surface) and/or using coiled tubing (acid wash).

All these designs have limitations in either the control or in the number of compartments. Particularly, when early water breakthrough in the producer wells, PPL/LEL are effective, ICD completed wells are not the best for the stimulation jobs, while the ICV completed wells have a restriction in the number of compartments, high temperature wells and liner running.

This paper is to share not only the knowledge but also the complete well design of the Sliding Sleeve Valves (SSVs) lower completion along with the upper completion design and to illustrate how the design will add value to the field development.
The paradox of economism
Authors: Konings Martijn
Published: January 2016

Among progressively minded theorists and other commentators, the financial crisis of 200708 produced an instant consensus that the days of neoliberalism — which involved above all financial expansion and capital-friendly public policies — were over. As a consequence, the turn to austerity over the past years, which has been extraordinarily effective in making the world a worse place to live in, took that community completely by surprise. The unexpected rise of austerity suggests how right Slavoj Zizek (2008) was when, at the height of the crisis, he encouraged talking and thinking instead of jumping to conclusions and rushing to action.
A religion of unbelief
Authors: Yuran Noam
Published: January 2016

I have always been somewhat suspicious of attempts to theorize money in linguistic terms. Though the symbolic and conventional aspects of money make a parallel with language seem attractive, such attempts usually refrain from considering the consequences of the fact that money belongs to the order of private property, which is strictly opposed to the common sphere of language. Wouldn't conceiving of money as language force us to confront the abhorrent, monstrous possibility of words that can be owned?
The end of an illusion
Authors: Vogl Joseph
Published: January 2016

Let me begin with a short remark concerning the figure of Eric Packer in Don DeLillo's (2003) Cosmopolis. In a certain way, he is not only an allegory of contemporary finance capitalism, of its “arcane workings” and “data-driven fantasies” (Samman, 2015: 24), but also the fallen angel of an illusion — the illusion that markets, and especially financial markets, tend towards equilibrium; that they assure a perfect allocation of resources and the best possible distribution of information; and finally, that they create a sort of social order. This illusion represents the kernel of liberal market theories since Adam Smith's ‘invisible hand’, and still characterizes what economists have named the ‘efficient market hypothesis’.
Editor's Note
Authors: Waddell James
Published: January 2016

A welcome note from the Editor-in-Chief.
Extruded contents of colloid cysts after endoscopic removal
Authors: Abdel Latif Assem M. , Souweidane Mark M.
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE

Mineralized or desiccated colloid cysts pose some unique challenges to endoscopic removal. The extrusion of the solid matrix into the intraventricular compartment has not been previously reported and, as such, no guidance exists regarding its predilection, prevention, and fate.

METHODS

Postoperative imaging studies in a registry of patients undergoing endoscopic removal of colloid cyst were reviewed to detect any solid matrix within the ventricular compartment. Preoperative images and operative notes were used to determine if any features were predictive. Serial postoperative images and clinical notes were used to characterize the implications of these findings.

RESULTS

From a review of 94 patients, 10 (10.6%) patients had evidence of an extruded intraventricular solid fragment (median follow-up 4 months; range 0.5–115 months). Of the evaluable patients, 7 of 9 patients had T1-weighted hyperintense and T2-weighted hypointense cysts on preoperative scans. Seventy-eight percent of the extrusions were on the same side as the endoscopic entry. Three patients demonstrated early fragment migration, but not after 8 months of radiological follow-up. All evaluable patients demonstrated improvement in their hydrocephalus, and none suffered a complication attributable to the intraventricular extruded fragments.

CONCLUSIONS

Intraventricular extruded colloid fragments can occur after endoscopic resection, with the possible risk demonstrated as cyst hypointensity on preoperative T2-weighted images. The finding does not seem to result in any clinical morbidity, and radiographic involution is the rule. Migratory capacity, however, does exist and justifies a more frequent imaging surveillance schedule and consideration for removal.