bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters among adult patients with dengue infection at a tertiary care hospital in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Gulabani Parth Bhim , Buch Archana Chirag , Nair Gayatri R. , Rathod Hetal , Nanda Sanya , Haseen Salwa
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Dengue is an important mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide with increasing emergence in India. It has varied epidemiological factors and presentations; hence, laboratory diagnosis and analysis is extremely essential. This study aims to analyze the alteration of hematological and biochemical parameters in adult patients diagnosed with dengue at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was done on 729 diagnosed adult cases of dengue over a period of 1 year. Patients with secondary infections and preexisting diseases were excluded from the study. Laboratory data of serological parameters and hematological and biochemical profiles were recorded and analyzed using Epi Info 7.2.5.0 and MedCalc Statistical Software.

Results:

The study was done from January 2022 to December 2022, consisting of 446 males (61.1%) and 283 females (38.8%). The infection was most prevalent in the 2nd–3rd decades of life. Serological parameters showed 31.4% NS1 positive and 29.4% IgM positive. The peak annual incidence was seen in July–August. Thrombocytopenia was the most commonly deranged parameter seen in 56% of patients and leukopenia was seen in 20.8% of cases. 34.8% of cases had hemoglobin <12 g/dl. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase levels were elevated in 58.5% and 44.3%, respectively. Serum creatinine was raised in 17% of cases. Serum proteins levels were reduced in 34.5%. Activated partial thromboplastin clotting time was elevated in 58.7% cases.

Conclusion:

This study elucidates the altered laboratory findings in dengue viral infection that could facilitate appropriate management and monitor disease progression to prevent advancement to fatal forms.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.
The Eighth Annual Academic International Medicine Congress and Scientific Forum, July 14–16, 2023: Thinking Globally, Acting Locally
Authors: Stawicki Stanislaw P. , Cai Jenny , Choron Rachel , Narayan Mayur , Izurieta Ricardo , Galwankar Sagar C. , Barrera Rafael , Wojda Thomas R. , Davila Victor , Kar A. Reema , Christopherson Nathan
Published: December 2023

The first in-person Academic International Medicine Congress (AIM 2023) since the beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic took place at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ, almost exactly 4 years after a meeting at the same location had to be canceled due to the global calamity. Featuring 3 days packed with high quality continuing medical education content and leadership development sessions, AIM 2023 set several important records for our organization. Among the most important sessions was the half-day strategic leadership retreat, with a goal of charting ACAIM’s path for the next 3-5 years. The main program featured more than 35 speakers and panelists, and offered more than 20 hours of continuing medical education credits. The scientific program included more than 30 abstracts and interesting case presentations. The AIM 2023 Gala and Awards Ceremonies were among the most attended attractions. This report includes a summary of key events and sessions from the AIM 2023 Congress, inclusive of published abstracts from the meeting.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Interpersonal and communication skills, Professionalism, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems based practice.
Late-onset hypocalcemia seizure: An interesting presentation of sporadic maternal primary hyperparathyroidism with hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Subin S , Shah Ravi , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Subramanian Karthikeyan , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar
Published: December 2023

The cardinal manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism is secondary to hypercalcemia and high bone turnover disease due to sustained elevation of parathyroid hormone. A high index of suspicion for maternal primary hyperparathyroidism should be kept in the setting of neonatal hypocalcemia. Delayed presentation of hypocalcemic seizure secondary to maternal primary hyperparathyroidism is infrequent. Herein, we report a case of a 2-month-old infant who presented with late-onset (>72 h) hypocalcemic seizure, biochemically mimicking pseudohypoparathyroidism, which eventually led to the diagnosis of maternal hyperparathyroidism with vitamin D deficiency.
Hypercalcemia of unusual etiology: A case report
Authors: Thulasidass Kumar , Swaminathan Subramanian , Karuppan Ashwin
Published: December 2023

A 71-year-old lady, known to have diabetes and hypertension, was evaluated for a history of fever and tiredness for a few weeks. She had drug-induced hypokalemia due to chlorthalidone that she was taking for hypertension, and it was corrected. Further investigations revealed hypercalcemia of 11.3 mg/dL, which rose to 14.4 mg/dL in a few days. Parathyroid hormone level was low. Her respiratory evaluation showed granulomatous features in the lungs in PET-CT scan and GeneXpert for tuberculosis in urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was positive, suggestive of disseminated tuberculosis. Her serum calcium was reduced with zoledronic acid given for emergency treatment of hypercalcemia and reached a normal level within 6 days and was maintained within normal limits by 3 weeks of starting antituberculosis treatment. This is a case of tuberculosis-induced hypercalcemia.
Prevalence of Premature Hair Greying, its Associated Factors and Impact on Quality of Life in Medical Students from Rajasthan, India
Authors: Parihar Shivay , Verma Manoj , Sharma Savitri , Meena Rita
Published: December 2023

Background:

Considering the paramount significance of hair in life, greying hair at a young age can be extremely distressing. In addition, an incompletely understood aetiology and scarcity of treatment options make premature hair greying (PHG) noteworthy.

Aims:

We aimed to estimate the prevalence of PHG in medical college students from Rajasthan, India, and any sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates of PHG and to determine its effect on the quality of life (QOL).

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 295 students of a medical college in western Rajasthan, India, under the age of 25 years. A scalp examination was done to count grey hair. All factors were investigated using structured, pre-validated questionnaires.

Results:

The prevalence of premature greying of hair was 41.4%. Sociodemographic factors such as older age, rural residence and positive family history were significantly associated with PHG. The number of meals, fruit consumption and irregularity of meals were the lifestyle factors associated with PHG. The QoL of 54.1% of students with grey hair was poor; males and rural residents were more affected.

Conclusions:

Premature greying of hair is a fairly prevalent condition in medical college students affecting their QoL. Factors such as family history, age, residence and eating habits may predispose students to PHG.
A Survey on Learning Styles of Undergraduate Medical Students and its Associated Factors
Authors: Dhurandhar Diwakar , Chandrakar Tripti , Chandrakar Deepti , Agrawal Jagriti
Published: December 2023

Background:

Global education curriculum is gradually shifting from teacher centric to learner centric approaches. Each of the learners is different in his/her preference of the style of learning.

Aims:

The present study aims to decipher the learning styles of learners of 1st year MBBS students studying in Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur, and also to find its association with gender and past academic achievement.

Patients and Methods:

The present cross sectional descriptive study was conducted by self administered visual aural read kinaesthetic (VARK) questionnaire version 8.01. Test of association was done to illicit any significant difference between learning style preferences with gender or percentage in Class 12th.

Results:

Amongst 188, 184 students participated in the study, and thus, response rate was 97.9%. Amongst these participants, 41.3% were females and mean Class 12th percentage was 85.4 ± 8.66. Seventy one percent of the subjects were found to have multimodal learning preferences whereas 29% were unimodal learners. Kinaesthetic components were maximum whereas read/write learning components were minimum. The frequency of learners was maximum for K (Kinaesthetic) followed by VARK (Visual Aural Read Kinaesthetic) and AK (Aural Kinaesthetic) type of learners. There was no significant association between type of learners with gender or academic performance in Class 12th with P > 0.05 by non parametric Mann–Whitney U-test.

Conclusion:

Most of the learners had kinaesthetic components, and thus, teaching–learning methods should be accordingly adapted to suit the learning styles of the subjects.
Effect of Kinesio taping on posture, balance and gait in spastic cerebral palsy – A systematic review
Authors: Banerjee Srishti B.
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive developmental disorder characterized by motor deficits, such as abnormal posture, balance, and gait impairments leading to deformities, affecting activities daily and, therefore, the quality of life. The application of Kinesio taping (KT) in patients with CP has emerged as a choice of adjunct treatment. Therefore the objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of KT as an addition to conventional physiotherapy (CPT) interventions on posture, balance, and gait in spastic cerebral palsy.

Materials and Methods:

A bibliographic search was done in various databases. Only randomized controlled trials on KT in CP were included. The risk of bias in included studies was evaluated by using the RoB 2.0 tool. Downs and Black checklist was used to determine the overall quality of studies.

Results:

A total of five studies were eligible, out of which two studies reported a low risk of bias and three studies reported some concerns on RoB 2.0. The overall methodological quality of the studies ranged from fair to good. Out of five studies in three studies, KT was more effective as adjunct CPT than CPT alone on sitting posture, balance, and standing balance. In one study, KT was equally effective as ankle foot orthosis on gait. Lastly, one study showed a significant improvement with KT application over CPT alone, but the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation were more significant than KT on postural control and sitting.

Conclusion:

KT is a noninvasive, inexpensive, and compliant adjunct to physiotherapy in patients with spastic CP for better outcomes regarding posture, balance, and gait.
Personality Traits and Tinnitus Distress
Authors: Qi Min , Zhang Shuqi , Li Lingwei , Li Zhenzhi , Yin Gendi , Yuan Lianxiong , Fang Bixing , Gu Jing , Wang Xinyi , Zeng Xiangli , Li Zhicheng
Published: December 2023

Background:

Due to the socio-cultural differences between China and other countries, which may affect the development of an individual’s personality and behavior, it is necessary to explore the relationship between personality traits and tinnitus distress in the context of China’s socio-cultural background.

Methods:

The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale Chinese version were used to explore the influence of personality traits on tinnitus distress in Chinese patients with tinnitus.

Results:

The results were not entirely consistent with previous studies from other countries. First, extroversion was significantly higher in patients with bothersome tinnitus, both in acute and chronic conditions. Second, the personality traits that affected the patients with bothersome tinnitus were different in different conditions. Finally, the tridimensional personality structure, high psychoticism / normal extroversion / normal neuroticism, was significantly higher in people with bothersome tinnitus. Furthermore, the difference became more obvious with a prolonged disease course.

Conclusions:

This study suggested that the relationship between personality traits and tinnitus distress in Chinese patients with tinnitus was not the same as in other countries. “High psychoticism / normal extroversion / normal neuroticism” may be a risk factor for chronic bothersome tinnitus in China.
An unexpected case of nasolacrimal duct obstruction with dacryolith containing Pleurostomophora richardsiae
Authors: El-Jack Khalid , Naeem Fawaz T. , Chan Lilian , Briceño César A.
Published: December 2023

Here, we report a case of chronic dacryocystitis and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) with dacryolith containing Pleurostomophora richardsiae and Candida albicans in a female patient. She presented with 10 years of epiphora and 1 year of a recurring cyst near her right medial canthus. On examination, the patient was found to have a dilated lacrimal sac and evidence of NLDO. The patient underwent dacryocystorhinostomy, during which a dacryolith was removed, and subsequent microbiological analysis revealed the presence of P. richardsiae and C. albicans. To our knowledge, there are only two prior case reports in the literature documenting P. richardsiae related to NLDO.
Short-term intraocular pressure changes after aflibercept (Eylea©) intravitreal injections: Which factors should be considered?
Authors: Barbosa Renato Correia , Gonçalves Rita , Basto Rita , Viana Ana Rita , Tenedorio Paula
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

To measure and interpret short-term pressure variation after intravitreal injections (IVIs) of the antivascular endothelial growth factor drug aflibercept (Eylea©), and to identify variables and risk factors for increased pressure spikes.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on 103 eyes treated with intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea©). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using the Icare®cTA01i tonometer immediately before and 1, 5, and 20 min after the procedure. Patient data were reviewed according to age, gender, diagnostic, phakic status, and glaucoma history.

Results:

Mean values of IOP before and 1, 5, and 20 min after the injection were 14.89 (±4.19) mmHg, 36.77 (±11.46) mmHg, 24.17 (±7.81) mmHg, and 16.54 (±5.26) mmHg, respectively. Significant differences were found in patients with a history of glaucoma, 20 min after the injection (P = 0.006). No significant differences were found between phakic and pseudophakic patients (P = 0.379).

Discussion and Conclusion:

More than three-quarters (76.7%) of the patients had an IOP higher than 30 mmHg 1 min after the injection. Almost half (47.57%) had an IOP higher than 40 mmHg. Phakic status did not seem to affect IOP after IVIs. Patients with a history of glaucoma may have a slower postinjection IOP decrease, shown by a mean IOP difference of 3.72 mmHg, 20 min after the injections. These patients are at a greater risk for progressive worsening of their glaucoma due to repeated IOP spikes after multiple IVIs. IOP should be closely monitored, and a low threshold for optimizing topical therapy should be established.
Good practices in simulation-based education in Ophthalmology – A thematic series. An initiative of the Simulation Subcommittee of the Ophthalmology Foundation Part I: Initiating and maintaining simulation-based training
Authors: Filipe Helena Prior , Grau Arturo , Musa Pablo , Thomsen Ann Sofia Skou , Clements John , Luciano Andreas Di , Lansingh Van , Ng Danny Siu-Chun , Labuschagne Mathys
Published: December 2023

Understanding how learning occurs is useful to inform instructional design and create more engaging and enjoyable learning environments. In this first article of a quartet thematic series on good practices in simulation-based training, we reviewed several learning theories that can illuminate learning by simulation. We describe how to develop and improve a simulation center considering a holistic approach. Finally, we conclude by supporting the concept of developing mastery in high-quality education by simulation as a natural ally for accreditation acknowledgment and demonstrable impact on educational and clinical outcomes with patient safety and better care.
Study of the association of lipocalin-1 in tears with the progression of diabetic retinopathy: Cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Bhatia Rahul , Gautam Priyanka , Sharma Isha , Beri Nitika , Sahu Pramod Kumar , Das Gopak K
Published: December 2023

Context:

Biomarkers are measurable indicators of a biological process or condition that can aid in the diagnosis and management of diseases. We have explored the role of Lipocalin in predicting the progression of DR.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of lipocalin-1 (LCN1) in tears of patients with established diabetic retinopathy (DR) with patients without DR and to evaluate the clinical application of LCN1 as a biomarker which can predict the progression of DR.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the outpatient setting of the department of ophthalmology and the department of biochemistry.

Subjects and Methods:

The tear samples obtained from the patients with no DR, nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and PDR were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and levels of LCN1 were compared among the three groups.

Statistical Analysis Used:

All data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and all significant differences were analyzed using the Chi-square test for qualitative data and one-way analysis of variance for quantitative data with the SPSS 20.0 statistical software data analysis (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) to compare the means between the three groups.

Results:

Levels of LCN1 were significantly reduced in patients with DR when compared to levels in patients with no DR. The expression levels might be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of DR.

Conclusion:

In our study, it was observed that the levels of LCN 1 in tears of patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy was decreased as compared to the levels of LCN 1 in tears of Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and cases with no Diabetes Retinopathy. Establishment of this correlation has possible implications for screening of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients of Diabetes. However, larger studies with greater number of cases are needed to establish the definitive role of LCN1, as a screening tool for Diabetic Retinopathy.
Confocal Microscopy in Ophthalmology—A Review
Authors: Christy Josephine S. , Muraleedharan Premjith , Bhadari Anand H. , Nagtode Apurva , Manohar Divya , Gandhi Preethika
Published: December 2023

Confocal microscopy (CM) has emerged as a powerful imaging tool in the field of ophthalmology due to its ability to provide high-resolution, real-time images. It has opened new avenues for understanding the pathophysiology of corneal diseases and has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the key principles, clinical applications and advancements of CM in ophthalmology.
Ocular Complications Secondary to Common Malpractices Followed in Rural Areas – A Tertiary Care Centre Study
Authors: Spoorthy S , Sharanya S N
Published: December 2023

Aim of the Study:

To assess the ocular complications associated with common malpractices done in rural area.

Materials and Method:

A hospital based observational, cross section study. In a year, 38 patients found to have undergone ocular malpractices after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed clinical history with ophthalmic examination was done.

Results:

Out of 38 patients who underwent malpractices, 28 (73.7%) had history of quackery, 4 (10.5%) had history of wrong medicine usage, 3 (7.8%) had history of traditional medicine usage and 3 (7.8%) had multiple causes. Commonest complaint was stone or foreign body removal by quacks using grass. The common complications noted were periorbital skinreaction (10.5%), conjunctivitis(42.1%), keratoconjunctivitis (13.1%), sight threatening corneal ulcers (28.9%), old corneal opacity (2.6%), panophthalmitis (2.6%).

Conclusion:

Quackery, traditional medicine usage, wrong drugs usage are the common ocular malpractices prevalent in rural India. Often, they are associated with sight threatening complications. Public awareness is needed to decrease the harmful effects arising from such practices
Evaluation of YouTube Videos for Information and Education on Amblyopia
Authors: Dhillon Hennaav Kaur , Jha Ujjwal Prakash , Goel Itisha , Singh Rohan Bir , Ichhpujani Parul , Parmar Uday Pratap Singh , Gupta Gayana
Published: December 2023

Background:

YouTube is a popular social media platform accessed by people to obtain relevant health and disease-related information. The purpose of this study was to evaluate YouTube videos as a source of information on amblyopia.

Material and Methods:

In this prospective, cross-sectional study a YouTube search was conducted using three keywords, ‘Lazy eye’, ‘amblyopia’ and ‘Lazy eye treatment’ on 26th January, 2022. Video quality assessment was done using Modified DISCERN (mDISCERN), Global Quality Score and the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) scale. Video content was analysed as a health professional and non-health professional, video length, release date, daily view count and Video Power Index. The relationship between the groups and video quality was evaluated.

Results:

Of the 300 initial videos investigated for the study, 219 videos met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to statistical analysis. Nearly 50% of videos contained content related to medical education. More than half of the videos analysed (130; 59.36%) were uploaded by healthcare professionals (HCPs). The mDISCERN mean ± SD score for the videos was 2.65 ± 1.24, for the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scoring was 2.37 ± 1.02 and for the HONcode was 3.72 ± 1.75. All scoring systems were better for HCPs as compared with non-healthcare professionals (NHCPs).

Conclusion:

A wide variety of information about amblyopia is available on YouTube™. Videos uploaded by NHCP had suboptimal flow as well as information of limited use to patients.
Decoding the Rare Diagnostic Enigma of Pythium Insidiosum Keratitis – A Narrative Review
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep , Chaudhary Sameer , Lakshmipathy Meena , Gosalia Hirika , Jain Shreya , Balakrishnan Harinikrishna , Nagtode Apurva H , Joshi Saloni M , Lokanathan Lakshana Malla , Samuel Ajeeth , Varshney Ashima
Published: December 2023

Pythium insidiosum, an oomycete, is frequently referred to as a “parafungus” due to its striking similarity to fungal keratitis. Over the past 10 years, there has been a significant rise in Pythium insidiosum keratitis (PIK) cases, notably in Asia and India. This trend is potentially attributable to heightened research interest in this microorganism and advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Clinically, its features, such as subepithelial infiltration, fluffy stromal infiltrates resembling cotton wool, satellite lesions, corneal perforation, endoexudates, and anterior chamber hypopyon, mirror those of fungal infections. However, hallmark clinical features like reticular dots, tentacular extensions, peripheral indentation, and prompt limbal progression distinguish Pythium from other pathogens and necessitate vigilant clinical scrutiny. From a morphological and microbiological perspective, Pythium closely mirrors fungi when subjected to routine smear tests, often revealing perpendicular or obtuse septate or non-septate branching hyphae. Culturing on nutritional media like blood agar, chocolate agar, and so on remains the diagnostic gold standard, with the organism presenting as cream-white colonies that form zoospores. This can be further verified through the leaf incarnation technique. Culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the gold standard diagnostic modalities for PIK. Historically, due to constraints in diagnostic techniques and the slow growth of cultures, there has been a trend toward employing advanced molecular diagnostic tools, including PCR, confocal microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunodiffusion. When corneal scraping tests (10% KOH, Gram stain) depict fungal-like hyphae, antifungal treatments are often initiated even before culture results are ready. However, recent molecular research recommends the use of antibacterials, specifically 0.2% linezolid and 1% azithromycin, as the primary therapeutic agents. In cases that do not respond to treatment, early therapeutic keratoplasty is advised. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory and molecular diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic approaches for PIK.
Элементарные регулярные абелевы подгруппы аффинной группы векторного пространства в связи с анализом криптографических примитивов
Authors: Goltvanitsa M A
Published: December 2023

Пусть $p$ - простое число, $(V,+)$ - конечномерное пространство над полем $\mathbb{F}_p$ из $p$ элементов. Изучаются элементарные абелевы регулярные подгруппы $\mathcal{T}$ аффинной группы $\mathrm{AGL} (V)$. Каждая такая подгруппа задает новую бинарную операцию $\circ$ на множестве $V$, которая может быть использована при проведении криптографического анализа. Получены результаты, уточняющие строение группы линейных преобразований, ассоциированной с группой $\mathcal{T}$. Доказан критерий принадлежности правого регулярного представления группы $(V,+)$ нормализатору группы $\mathcal{T}$ в симметрической группе $\mathrm{Sym} (V)$ подстановок множества $V$. Впервые предложен практически реализуемый алгоритм проверки принадлежности произвольной подстановки нормализатору некоторой группы $\mathcal{T}$ в группе $\mathrm{Sym} (V)$.
Use of Supervision Data to Improve Quality of Care for Malaria in Pregnancy: Experience in Six African Countries
Authors: Wolf Katherine , Mostel Jadmin , Oseni Lolade , Gomez Patricia , Kibuka Tabitha , Emerson Courtney , Gutman Julie R. , Malpass Ashley , Youll Susan , Mukamba Jean Yves , Tchinda Meli Eric , Achu Dorothy , Tjek Paul , Assa Jean Louis , Silue Mamadou , Tanoh Méa Antoine , Kokrasset-Yah Colette , Babanawo Felicia , Asiedu Amos , Komey Mildred , Boateng Paul , Mabiria Maureen , Ngindu Augustine , Njiru Peter , Omar Ahmeddin Hassan , Sidibe Fatoumata A. , Diallo Chebou , Kamate Beh , Kone Aissata , Elisha Sanoussi , Maiga Arouna Djibrilla , Mayaki Alzouma Ibrahim , Tidjani Issa Gana Fati , Tetteh Gladys
Published: December 2023

Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) intervention coverage, especially intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), lags behind other global malaria indicators. In 2020, across Africa, only 32% of eligible pregnant women received at least three IPTp doses, despite high antenatal care attendance. We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected during Outreach Training and Supportive Supervision visits from 2019 to 2020 to assess quality of care and explore factors contributing to providers’ competence in providing IPTp, insecticide-treated nets, malaria case management, and respectful maternity care. Data were collected during observations of provider–patient interactions in six countries (Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, and Niger). Competency scores (i.e., composite scores of supervisory checklist observations) were calculated across three domains: MiP prevention, MiP treatment, and respectful maternity care. Scores are used to understand drivers of competency, rather than to assess individual health worker performance. Country-specific multilinear regressions were used to assess how competency score was influenced by commodity availability, training, provider gender and cadre, job aid availability, and facility type. Average competency scores varied across countries: prevention (44–90%), treatment (78–90%), and respectful maternity care (53–93%). The relative association of each factor with competency score varied. Commodity availability, training, and access to job aids correlated positively with competency in multiple countries. To improve MiP service quality, equitable access to training opportunities for different cadres, targeted training, and access to job aids and guidelines should be available for providers. Collection and analysis of routine supervision data can support tailored actions to improve quality MiP services.
European settlement demography
Authors: Scholtus Lizzie , Müller Johannes
Published: December 2023

In this paper we compare multiple types of domestic settlements from different chronological periods in prehistoric continental Europe to inform occupancy patterns and demographic trends. We focus in particular on the evidence of a boom and bust pattern that appears to be constant across all the sites studied. We find evidence of a growth plateau after 200 to 300 years of existence. But because the number of sites used is small, due to the quality restrictions of the data, the results still need to be confirmed by further investigations.
Vivre et écrire dans l’anomalie: Joris-Karl Huysmans
Authors: Sadkowska-Fidala Agata
Published: December 2023

From the publication of À Rebours, Huysmans’ books feature a solitary protagonist, dreaming of a situation outside society, time and space, and even the body and sex. To this desire corresponds the increasing modification of the novel formula: a reflection of life in anomaly, the novel is transformed, to become a reverse novel, sick, deformed, bizarre. The refusal of regularity hides another refusal, that of conforming to a reality that does not correspond to the depth of personal experience. The work of Huysmans, especially in its postnaturalist part, brings a constant questioning of the norm under its various aspects, and constitutes an attempt to create a universe made to measure, necessarily a universe in anomaly. The journey that leads, in the field of novel, from À Rebours to L’Oblat, allows us to trace the stages of this evolution.
L’anomalie de soi chez Édouard Louis
Authors: Vandersmissen Marc
Published: December 2023

The Anomaly of Self in Édouard Louis Édouard Louis has published five novels since 2014, somewhere between autofiction and autosociobiography. In this work, the writer recounts his process of construction as a young gay intellectual. To achieve this, he has to confront the systems of norms he encounters as he traverses different social milieus: the poverty of his family in the countryside, the bourgeoisie of his friends in the provinces, the power of his lovers in Paris. Against this backdrop, this article aims to explore the forms of the sense of abnormality felt by É. Louis during these experiences. We'll see how renewed confrontation with a norm foreign to himself (a cleaved habitus) led the author to develop an original approach to literature: through an aesthetic of confrontation, the author pursues a political objective, namely to invite the reader to join a new form of class struggle.
Automated Grading of Glioma Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: YILDIRIM Muhammed , ASLAN Serpil , CENGİL Emine , YALÇIN Sercan
Published: December 2023

Gliomas are one of the most common tumors in the brain. It is possible to grade gliomas as Lower-Grade Glioma (LGG) and Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Clinical and molecular/mutation factors come to the fore in the grading of gliomas. Molecular tests used to grade glioma are expensive and time consuming. In this study, deep learning networks were used for glioma grading. Long short-term memory (LSTM) and Convolutional neural network (CNN) were used together in the proposed model. The developed model was also compared with 6 different classifiers accepted in the literature. Among the models used in the study, the developed model achieved the highest performance. In this study, glioma grading was performed for the purpose of improving performance and reducing costs.
Development of a risk map for a teacher on the example of the St. Petersburg College of Railway Transport
Authors: Nikandrova N. N.
Published: December 2023

The procedure for assessing and managing occupational risks for the provision, creation and functioning of the labor protection management system is considered. The stages of risk assessment, the sequence of establishing the degree of risk are given. A map of hazard identifi cation and determination of the level of occupational risk has been formed. The assessment of the risk level is carried out to rank them and identify the priority of measures to reduce the levels of the highest risks, control measures for less signifi cant risks, as well as methods for assessing the measures taken and monitoring their eff ectiveness. Risk assessment helps to improve the effi ciency and validity of decision-making on occupational safety management, reduce the risk of accidents and occupational diseases at a particular workplace, and also helps to increase: motivation of employees to comply with labor protection requirements; social protection of workers; personnel qualification. Methods for assessing the level of professional risks are determined taking into account the nature of the activity and the complexity of the operations or processes performed in the organization. The practical signifi cance for the teaching staff lies in improving the quality of the educational process, developing new approaches to professional situations and developing the creative capabilities of students, including participation in championships in the most popular professions.
Practical use of geographic information systems in railway transport
Authors: Shishov A. M.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the goals and objectives of geographic information systems (GIS). In today’s world, GIS is used in various fi elds such as geology, cartography, ecology, urban planning and transportation. GIS allows you to manage and analyze geospatial data, create maps and modeling environments. The article describes specific tasks that GIS solves, such as analysis and prediction of changes in geospace, process optimization, resource management and monitoring of changes in the environment. It also discusses new GIS technologies such as cloud computing and mobile applications that make GIS more accessible and user-friendly. The article notes that GIS are a powerful tool for making important decisions in various fi elds of science and industry.
Issues of designing new educational disciplines for training and advanced training of transport security forces
Authors: Motornyi I. D.
Published: December 2023

Methodological issues of pedagogical design of creative models of new programs are considered on the example of the construction of the educational program “Features of sanitary and epidemiological protection of passengers and personnel of railway transport and metro enterprises in the conditions of military threat and the spread of acute viral infection” and the program “Features of protection of metro transport infrastructure from acts of unlawful interference in the conditions of escalation of military conflicts and the emergence of epidemics”. for training and advanced training of the security forces transport security. The organizational and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of these models in educational institutions of additional professional education are described. It is shown that the creation of a creative model of a new program should be preceded by a longterm work on the selection and classifi cation of information carriers about the industry of relevant knowledge, technology and technology. The sequence of introduction to the specialty, the content component of lectures, seminars and practical classes, the volume of classroom classes and independent training are substantiated. The presented program models suggest the possibility of their subsequent expansion and deepening, as well as integrated use with existing programs. Attention is drawn to the need for early adoption of measures to restructure the educational process with a sharp aggravation of the military-political situation and in conditions of the spread of acute viral infection.
To the 145th anniversary of the branch of the Rostov State Transport University in Voronezh
Authors: Gorbenko N. I. , Zolkina S. A. , Mukhortova M. E.
Published: December 2023

This year is the 145th anniversary of the oldest educational institution, founded in 1878 as a railway college in the city of Voronezh. Over the long period of its existence it has undergone several reorganisations and today it is a part of the Rostov State Transport University (RSTU). For almost one and a half hundred years, qualifi ed specialists have been educated here, contributing to the functioning and development of railway transport in Russia.The article is based on the study of archival documents and periodicals concerning the history of the emergence and development of the branch of RSTU in Voronezh. The analysis of materials made it possible to restore the chronology of the history of the educational institution in the context of the main milestones in the development of railway transport from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. The documents obtained from state archives were systematised. For the first time the work with archival documents was carried out to reveal the history of formation and development of educational institutions of the railway industry. The main stages of organisation of the educational institution are defined: its reorganisation in 1922 into a technical school, then into a college and fi nally into a branch of the RSTU in Voronezh. The issues of the role and signifi cance of the educational institution in the life of the city, the region and the country as a whole are considered. The main historical epochs in the life of the educational institution are revealed: the pre-revolutionary stage of development, formation in the pre-war period, the years of The Great Patriotic War and the modern period.
Two centuries of Russian railway history
Authors: Lastochkina L. M.
Published: December 2023

The history of the creation of one of the oldest scientifi c and technical museums in the world — the Central Museum of Railway Transport, which is 210 years old — is considered.The Central Museum of Railway Transport collection began with models made under the leadership of Augustine de Betancourt, the founder and first inspector (rector) of the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers, chief director of railways, and the founder of engineering in Russia. These include models of spiers used in the construction of St. Isaac’s Cathedral in St. Petersburg, the Manege in Moscow, the pontoon of a floating bridge across the Oka River in Nizhny Novgorod, etc. This is the only collection that has survived in the world to this day, reflecting the developments of an outstanding scientist. Using the museum’s stock materials, one can trace all the main stages of the development of railway transport in Russia: from the opening in 1837 of the Tsarskoye Selo Railway, the first public railway in Russia, to the achievements of modern railway transport. Today, the Center for Railway Transport of the Russian Federation is the only state museum of the industry. The museum’s collections contain more than 70 thousand items refl ecting the history of the development of Russian railways over the entire period of their existence. The large-scale exhibition “Gallery of the Heads of the Department of Railways for 225 Years” is dedicated to the festive date, which displays the only collection of portraits in Russia of all the heads of the Department of Transport.
Nội soi buồng tử cung trong điều trị tồn lưu sản phẩm thụ thai
Authors: Phạm Công Toàn , Võ Thị Huệ , Nguyễn Văn Hưng
Published: December 2023

Tồn lưu sản phẩm thụ thai (Retained products of conception – RPOC) được định nghĩa khi hiện diện mô nhau, mô thai trong buồng tử cung sau chấm dứt thai kỳ sớm hay trong 3 tháng giữa hoặc có thể xuất hiện sau sinh ngả âm đạo và mổ lấy thai. Các triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp bao gồm xuất huyết âm đạo kéo dài, đau vùng chậu hoặc nhiễm trùng. Bên cạnh phương pháp điều trị truyền thống bằng nong - nạo, hút buồng tử cung (D&C), phẫu thuật nội soi điều trị tồn lưu sản phẩm thụ thai an toàn, hiệu quả, cải thiện tỷ lệ điều trị thành công và góp phần giảm biến chứng dính buồng tử cung sau can thiệp (hội chứng Asherman).
Thắt động mạch tử cung trong phẫu thuật nội soi cắt tử cung: nghiên cứu tổng hợp y văn và phân tích gộp
Authors: Hoàng Trọng Nam , Cao Ngọc Thành , Trương Quang Vinh
Published: December 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Phẫu thuật nội soi cắt tử cung ngày nay đã được ủng hộ như một biện pháp điều trị tiêu chuẩn. Kỹ thuật phẫu thuật nội soi thắt động mạch tử cung khi cắt tử cung thay thế cho phương pháp truyền thống, đã được đề xuất và có thể mang lại những lợi ích quan trọng cho cả bệnh nhân và bác sĩ phẫu thuật. Tuy nhiên, sự lựa chọn này hoàn toàn dựa trên ý kiến v à sở thích của bác sĩ phẫu thuật. Bằng chứng sẵn có so sánh hai phương pháp này còn hạn chế, và tính ưu việt của phương pháp này so với phương pháp kia là không rõ ràng. Vì vậy, chúng tôi tiến hành phân tích tổng hợp để so sánh hiệu quả của hai phương pháp này.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp tổng hợp tài liệu có hệ thống: Tuân thủ các Mục Báo cáo Ưu tiên cho Đánh giá Hệ thống và Phân tích Tổng hợp (PRISMA) hướng dẫn, ấn bản 2020, tìm kiếm có hệ thống được thực hiện bằng PubMed (sắp xếp theo gần đây nhất), Cochrane, Semantic scholar sử dụng Các thuật ngữ MeSH (nếu có) và các từ khóa cho các khái niệm “Uterine Artery ligation” hoặc “Uterine Artery occlusion” hoặc “Uterine Artery coagulation” và “laparoscopic hysterectomy”. Các tiêu chí chọn bệnh: dựa trên phân tích Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Study (PICOS).

Kết quả: Trọng lượng tử cung giữa hai nhóm thắt động mạch tử cung trong phẫu thuật nội soi cắt tử cung và không thắt động mạch tử cung không khác biệt giữa hai nhóm với z = 0,7304, p = 0,4652. So sánh sự khác biệt chỉ định giữa hai nhóm: u xơ tử cung (kết quả trung bình không khác biệt đáng kể so với 0 (z = 0,2412, p = 0,8094, I² = 29,9%)), adenomyosis (kết quả trung bình không khác biệt đáng kể so với 0 (z = -0,4103, p = 0,6816, I² = 0%), chảy máu bất thường buồng tử cung (, kết quả trung bình không khác biệt đáng kể so với 0 (z = -0,6851, p = 0,4933, I² = 0%). Thời gian phẫu thuật giữa hai nhóm: kết quả trung bình không khác biệt đáng kể so với 0 (z = -1,0054, p = 0,3147, I² = 88%). Lượng máu mất trong nhóm thắt động mạch tử cung ít hơn so với nhóm không thắt động mạch tử cung với z = -10,0632, p < 0,0001, I² = 93%. Không có sự thay đổi Hb giữa hai nhóm với (z = 0,7125, p = 0,4761, I² = 0%). Không có sự biệt về biến chứng chung giữa hai nhóm nghiên cứu với (z = -0,9315, p = 0,3516, I² = 0%).

Kết luận: Thắt động mạch tử cung đồng thời trong phẫu thuật nội soi cắt tử cung hoàn toàn giúp giảm lượng máu mất. Ngoài ra, không làm tăng nguy cơ biến chứng và không kéo dài thời gian phẫu thuật.
U túi noãn hoàng buồng trứng trong thai kỳ: nhân một trường hợp hiếm gặp và điểm qua y văn
Authors: Huỳnh Minh Nhật , Phạm Chí Kông , Nguyễn Phi Anh , Phan Tín , Phạm Thị Khánh Hòa
Published: December 2023

U túi noãn hoàng buồng trứng có mức độ ác tính cao và gây nhiều khó khăn cho vấn đề điều trị trong thai kỳ vì nguy cơ cho thai khi phẫu hoặc hóa trị. Tỷ lệ u buồng trứng ác tính khá thấp và u túi noãn hoàng càng thấp hơn trong nhóm ung thư tế bào mầm buồng trứng. Chúng được chia thành hai nhóm: nội bì phôi ngoài phôi và nội bì phôi tạng phôi. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp u túi noãn hoàng buồng trứng được phát hiện tình cờ ở thai phụ 24 tuổi. Ca lâm sàng này được giới thiệu nhằm mục tiêu bàn luận lại cách quản lý và theo dõi bệnh. Các lựa chọn điều trị và tổng quan về u túi noãn hoàng buồng trứng được bàn luận. Trong đó nổi bật là quá trình theo dõi và điều trị phải cá thể hóa trong từng trường hợp, nhất là bệnh cảnh xuất hiện trong thai kỳ.
Đánh giá sự hài lòng của bà mẹ về quá trình chăm sóc trong và sau sinh tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thu Phương , Đặng Thị Loan , Hoàng Thế Hiệp , Nguyễn Thị Anh Phương
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự hài lòng của bà mẹ về quá trình chăm sóc trong và sau sinh tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế.

Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được tiến hành theo phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang trên 572 sản phụ mang thai đủ tháng và đến sinh tại Khoa Phụ sản, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế.

Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình là 27,4 ± 5,3; Tỷ lệ hài lòng chung của bà mẹ về quá trình chăm sóc trong và sau sinh chiếm 81,8% và không hài lòng chiếm 18,2%. Trong đó, tỷ lệ hài lòng về mức độ tự tin chăm sóc trẻ; Chăm sóc sau sinh; Cung cấp dịch vụ; Môi trường, cơ sở vật chất; Tôn trọng quyền riêng tư và Chăm sóc khi chuyển dạ và sinh lần lượt là 79,7%, 84,3%, 85,5%, 85,7%, 93,4%, 88,6%. Điểm trung bình của hài lòng chung 4,44 ± 0,61.

Kết luận: Sự hài lòng của bà mẹ về quá trình chăm sóc trong và sau sinh tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế với tỷ lệ hài lòng 81,8%.
Vai trò của tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn trong tiên lượng bệnh nặng ở trẻ sơ sinh đẻ non
Authors: Tôn Nữ Vân Anh , Huỳnh Thị Minh Lý
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá vai trò của tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn trong tiên lượng bệnh nặng ở trẻ sơ sinh đẻ non.

Phương pháp và đối tượng nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả và theo dõi dọc có so sánh nhóm chứng. Đối tượng nghiên cứu bao gồm các trẻ sơ sinh đẻ non < 37 tuần và được làm xét nghiệm công thức máu cuống rốn ngay sau sinh tại Khoa Sản - Nhi sơ sinh, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y - Dược Huế từ tháng 04/2021 đến 07/2023. Nhóm bệnh (non tháng bệnh lý) bao gồm 38 trẻ có mắc bệnh lý trong giai đoạn sơ sinh sớm và được điều trị tại Nhi sơ sinh. Nhóm chứng (non tháng bình thường) bao gồm 33 trẻ không mắc bệnh lý trong giai đoạn sơ sinh sớm và được nằm cùng mẹ tại khoa Sản. Qua thăm khám lâm sàng, theo dõi trong giai đoạn sơ sinh sớm và so sánh số lượng tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn của hai nhóm.

Kết quả: Nghiên cứu ghi nhận số lượng tiểu cầu của nhóm trẻ có cân nặng < 2500 g thấp hơn nhóm trẻ có cân nặng ≥ 2500 g lần lượt là 129.000/mm3 và 189.500/mm3 (p < 0,05); Chưa thấy sự khác biệt của số lượng tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn về các yếu tố như giới tính, phương pháp sinh, tuổi thai. Số lượng tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn của nhóm trẻ sơ sinh non tháng bệnh lý thấp hơn nhóm non tháng bình thường với số lượng lần lượt là 115.500/mm3 và 222.400/mm3 (p < 0,05); số lượng tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn giảm < 150.000/mm3 có nguy cơ mắc bệnh lý cao gấp 3,94 lần so với những trẻ có tiểu cầu ≥ 150.000/mm3 (p < 0,05).

Kết luận: Trẻ sơ sinh non tháng bệnh lý có số lượng tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn thấp hơn nhóm non tháng bình thường. Tiểu cầu máu cuống rốn được xem là một yếu tố tiên lượng bệnh nặng ở trẻ sơ sinh đẻ non. Đây là một xét nghiệm đơn giản, có thể áp dụng rộng rãi ở các cơ sở y tế.