bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical note: A method for calculating offsets to ozone depletion and climate impacts of ozone-depleting substances
Authors: Dreyfus Gabrielle B. , Montzka Stephen A. , Andersen Stephen O. , Ferris Richard
Published: February 2024

Abstract. By phasing out production and consumption of most ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Montreal Protocol) has avoided consequences of increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation and will restore stratospheric ozone to pre-1980 conditions by mid-century, assuming compliance with the phaseout. However, several studies have documented an unexpected increase in emissions and suggested unreported production of trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) and potentially other ODSs after 2012 despite production phaseouts under the Montreal Protocol. Furthermore, because most ODSs are powerful greenhouse gases (GHGs), there are significant climate protection benefits in collecting and destroying the substantial quantities of historically allowed production of chemicals under the Montreal Protocol that are contained in existing equipment and products and referred to as ODS “banks”. This technical note presents a framework for considering offsets to ozone depletion, climate forcing, and other environmental impacts arising from occurrences of unexpected emissions and unreported production of Montreal Protocol controlled substances, as recently experienced and likely to be experienced again. We also show how this methodology could be applied to the destruction of banks of controlled ODSs and GHGs or to halon or other production allowed under a Montreal Protocol Essential Use Exemption or Critical Use Exemption. Further, we roughly estimate the magnitude of offset each type of action could provide for ozone depletion, climate, and other environmental impacts that Montreal Protocol Parties agree warrant remedial action.
Glaciers determine the sensitivity of hydrological processes to perturbed climate in a large mountainous basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Nan Yi , Tian Fuqiang
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The major rivers on the Tibetan Plateau supply important freshwater resources to riparian regions but have been undergoing significant climate change in recent decades. Understanding the sensitivities of hydrological processes to climate change is important for water resource management, but large divergences exist in previous studies because of the uncertainties of hydrological models and climate projection data. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern of local hydrological sensitivities was poorly explored despite the strong heterogeneity on the Tibetan Plateau. This study adopted the climate perturbation method to analyze the hydrological sensitivities of a typical large mountainous basin (Yarlung Tsangpo River, YTR) to climate change. We utilized the tracer-aided hydrological model Tsinghua Representative Elementary Watershed-Tracer-aided version (THREW-T) to simulate the hydrological and cryospheric processes in the YTR basin. Multiple datasets and internal stations were used to validate the model to provide confidence in the baseline simulation and the sensitivity analysis. Results indicated that (1) the THREW-T model performed well in simulating the streamflow, snow cover area (SCA), glacier mass balance (GMB) and stream water isotope, ensuring good representation of the key cryospheric processes and a reasonable estimation of the runoff components. The model performed acceptably in simulating the streamflow at eight internal stations located in the mainstream and two major tributaries, indicating that the spatial pattern of hydrological processes was reflected by the model. (2) Increasing temperature led to decreasing annual runoff, smaller inter-annual variation, more even intra-annual distribution and an earlier maximum runoff. It also influenced the runoff regime by increasing the contributions of rainfall and glacier melt overland runoff but decreasing the subsurface runoff and snowmelt overland runoff. Increasing precipitation had the opposite effect to increasing temperature. (3) The local runoff change in response to increasing temperature varied significantly, with a changing rate of −18.6 % to 54.3 % for 5∘ of warming. The glacier area ratio (GAR) was the dominant factor in the spatial pattern of hydrological sensitivities to both perturbed temperature and precipitation. Some regions had a non-monotonic runoff change rate in response to climate perturbation, which represented the most dynamic regions within the basin, as they kept shifting between energy- and water-limited stages. The GAR and mean annual precipitation (MAP) of the non-monotonic regions had a linear relation and formed the boundary of regions with different runoff trends in the GAR–MAP plot.
FROM 3D METRIC SURVEY TO HBIM MODEL. TESTING OF DIFFERENT SCAN2BIM APPROACHES FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION
Authors: Teppati Losè L. , Diara F. , Spadaro A. , Chiabrando F.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The research presented in this work is focused on describing part of the activities related to the 1st edition of the SUNRISE Summer School (Seashore and UNderwater documentation of aRchaeological herItage palimpSests and Environment) and a comprehensive approach to the documentation of an archaeological site. In the paper data acquisition and processing will be described in detail, together with the design of the survey project and the main specifications of the sensors and techniques adopted. The 3D metric data derived from the use of these consolidated geomatics techniques were validated during the processing and used as the basis for the generation of other added-value products: traditional 2D drawings and an HBIM model. More specifically, two different approaches for the modelling phase were followed: a more consolidated approach driven by the 2D representation and a more experimental one that foresaw NURBS modelling from the point clouds. The pros and cons of both approaches will be analyzed, and a metric validation of each strategy will be presented. In the paper's conclusions, some considerations are summarized on the use of HBIM for the management of the archaeological data, together with some further perspectives.
Converging Human Intelligence with AI Systems to Advance Flood Evacuation Decision Making
Authors: Karanjit Rishav , Samadi Vidya , Hughes Amanda , Murray-Tuite Pamela , Stephens Keri
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The powers that artificial intelligence (AI) has developed are impressive, with recent success in leveraging human expertise at various stages of model development. AI can attain its full potential only if, as part of its intelligence, it also actively teams with humans to co-create solutions. Combining AI simulation with human intelligence through data convergence can improve decision-making processes and provide a capacity akin to a "teaming intelligence." This research, for the first time, introduces the concepts of Human-AI Convergence (HAC) capabilities for flood evacuation decision-making. The objective of this study was to develop a unique, computationally effective surrogate HAC system for flood evacuation decision-making that integrates the distinctive features of AI with transportation geospatial data, a river hydraulic model, and human data from X (previously Twitter) to visualize flood inundation areas and suggest re-routing. The HAC system is smartly designed to forecast flood stage levels using AI across the US Geological Survey gauging stations and combine the results with Manning's equation results and transportation data, integrated into a web-based Google Earth visualization architecture. The technology has been tested in the Lowcountry of South Carolina, where previous flooding disasters caused considerable damage to the transportation networks and increased traffic on evacuation routes. This state-of-the-art HAC system— a flood evacuation product— stands to advance the frontier of human-AI collaborative research in the context of real-time flood emergency management and response.
ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING STEM TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION BASED ON ANALYSIS OF STUDENT RESULTS
Authors:   Kh. Dosmukhamedov named Atyrau University, Atyrau city, Kazakhstan, Saltanova G.A. , Syrymova D.S. ,   Kh. Dosmukhamedov named Atyrau University, Atyrau city, Kazakhstan
Published: February 2024

Статья посвящена изучению междисциплинарных методов образования, направленных на развитие компетенций высокого уровня при решении сложных задач реального мира. Авторы выделяют значимость STEM (науки о природе и технологии) – включая математику, физику, геометрию, робототехнику, химию и др. – для эффективного решения разнообразных задач и идей. Отмечается, что STEM представляет собой совокупность многих реальных наук. В статье предпринимается попытка интегрировать подход STEM-образования в учебные программы с целью подготовки квалифицированных специалистов в данной области. Акцент делается на сложности и комплексности STEM-образования, в результате чего, учитывая важность внедрения интегрированного образования на основе STEM-образования, отмечается, что вопросу увеличения доли девочек в STEM-образовании следует уделить основное внимание при подготовке будущих специалистов в этом направлении. Также в статье говорится о развитии STEM-образования в Казахстане. В фокусе STEM-обучения раскрываются выдающиеся характеристики, в которых выявляются как положительные, так и отрицательные стороны STEM-технологий. Эти аспекты заключаются в объединении междисциплинарных, практико-ориентированных подходов к изучению как индивидуальных наук, так и современных методов и средств научно-технического исследования. В ходе определения основных принципов, интегрированные естественно научные и технические направления выдвигается основная задача данной работы – рассмотрение методы и технологии в области науки, технологии, инженерии и математики в контексте средства развития творческой активности обучающегося, способствующего раскрытию его творческого потенциала. В итоговой перспективе проведенного анализа приходится к выводу о том, что одновременное использование STEM – технологий и проектного метода обучения не только способствует развитию креативного мышления и творческого потенциала, но также создает благоприятные условия для творческой деятельности в будущей профессиональной сфере, требуя высоких навыков сотрудничества, коммуникабельности и коллективного взаимодействия в рамках творческого процесса. Одним из ключевых моментов определения цели данной работы является рассмотрение STEM-технологий как средства развития творческой активности обучающихся. Такое рассмотрение направлено на стимулирование креативного мышления и раскрытие творческого потенциала студентов в процессе учебы. В рамках анализа выявляется, что сочетание интегрированные технические дисциплины и проектного метода обучения не только способствует развитию высоких когнитивных навыков, но и формирует предпосылки для успешной творческой деятельности в будущей профессиональной жизни. Такой подход требует от обучаемых навыков сотрудничества, эффективной коммуникации и коллективного взаимодействия в творческом процессе, что соответствует требованиям современного образования.
METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONDUCTING LABORATORY WORK IN PHYSICS ON THE ONLINE PLATFORM “DARYN”, BILIM LAND
Authors:   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan, Ashirbayev N.K. , Sherniyazova E.K. ,   South Kazakhstan University named after M. Auezov, Shymkent city, Kazakhstan
Published: February 2024

This article discusses ways to complete Bilimland, Daryn.Online and other online labs. Bilim land, Daryn.Online is an educational platform based on the best practices of the world leader in e-learning. This is the largest collection of modern educational content for teachers, students and parents. Physics at school as a subject takes a lot of time because it does not come into contact with the scientific world. On the basis of scientific and technological development, physics increases the human value of scientific knowledge, increases its moral value, and does not form the creative abilities of the student. The slowness of distance learning in physics lies in the specific development of the student’s internal state, self-esteem, interesting products, the search for internal applause and communication, the ability to independently choose work and achieve specific results. situation. This gives the reader the opportunity to learn new skills and improve existing skills. The child is an active observer and actively participates in the processes of reading, communication and work. The course is focused on developing personal skills and providing knowledge
Análisis temático del discurso alimentario a partir de grafos de coocurrencias
Authors: Rifón Sánchez Antonio , Rodríguez Barcia Susana , Varela Suárez Ana
Published: February 2024

Este artículo se centra en el análisis temático del discurso alimentario de la divulgación científica en los medios de comunicación generalistas. Sus objetivos son: (i) establecer los temas del discurso de la alimentación; (ii) determinar el grado de importancia y centralidad de cada uno; (iii) analizar las relaciones que se establecen entre ellos; y (iv) valorar los enfoques ideológicos que se ha dado a estos temas. Se parte del análisis de un corpus de 144 artículos sobre alimentación de los 12 periódicos generalistas con mayor alcance; de este corpus se ha confeccionado un grafo de coocurrencia de palabras no dirigido y pesado a partir del cual se han calculado el grado de intermediación, el grado del nodo y la modularidad. Estas medidas nos han permitido identificar comunidades que constituyen los distintos temas y subtemas. Se ha concluido que el enfoque fundamental de la alimentación es la salud, que los alimentos ya no son simplemente comida, sino nutrientes y que los colectivos que centran esta visión son las mujeres, los niños y las niñas.
La Epístola a Suero de Quiñones de Enrique de Villena: articulación informativa y macroestructura textual en la transición del ars dictaminis a la epístola humanística
Authors: Borreguero Zuloaga Margarita
Published: February 2024

En el siglo XV se produce un cambio paulatino pero evidente en el género epistolar, que abandona progresivamente la rígida preceptiva consignada en los artes dictandi para asimilar los modelos nuevos que llegan de Italia y que anuncian la epístola humanística que se consolida en España en el siglo XVI. Un buen ejemplo de esta transición es la Epístola a Suero de Quiñones de Enrique de Villena, y una aproximación que permite descubrir la complejidad de su entramado textual es la que parte de la segmentación del texto en unidades discursivas y analiza la articulación informativa de sus enunciados y su reagrupación en bloques textuales, que configuran su macroestructura. Este enfoque, que completa el análisis clásico de los mecanismos de cohesión o de la configuración sintáctica, permite poner de relieve los cambios introducidos por Villena en el molde textual que, según el ars dictaminis, debían seguir las epístolas.
Malária: Uma Doença Milenar e Uma Emergência Global
Authors: de Pina-Costa Anielle , Rodrigues Rodovalho Sheila , César de Araujo Evaristo Caio , Sâmela Freitas Santos Edilia , Roberto Leonel Peterka Cassio , de Fátima Ferreira-da Cruz Maria , Brasil Patrícia , Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro Cláudio
Published: February 2024

A malária é uma doença infecciosa parasitária, não contagiosa, febril, de evolução potencialmente grave, se não diagnosticada oportunamente e tratada adequadamente. Mais de 40% da população mundial vive em áreas endêmicas para a malária, e o continente Africano é responsável por 95% dos casos e 96% das mortes pela doença. O Programa Global de Malária da Organização Mundial da Saúde propôs metas desafiadoras para a eliminação, incluindo a redução de pelo menos 90% dos casos até 2030. Os recursos para o combate à malária envolvem o financiamento de atividades de pesquisa e de programas de monitoramento e controle. Entretanto, os valores efetivamente investidos são significativamente inferiores ao que se estima ser necessário para o financiamento de todas as atividades de combate, controle e pesquisa em malária para a sua eliminação. Assim, mesmo com a ampliação de estratégias para reduzir a carga da doença globalmente, a malária segue sendo causa de significativa morbidade e mortalidade, com importante impacto social e econômico, com um número estimado de 241 milhões de casos no mundo, em 2020. No Brasil, observou-se uma redução absoluta do número de casos de 2000 a 2015, contudo, a proporção de casos em áreas urbanas e periurbanas, indígenas e regiões de garimpo tem crescido, com registro de aproximadamente 130 mil casos em todo o país em 2022. Apesar da redução nos últimos anos nos níveis de transmissão, a malária ainda é considerada uma doença negligenciada e, enquanto persistir, continuará sendo um propulsor de desigualdade, sobrecarregando as comunidades mais pobres e vulneráveis e mantendo seu potencial de ressurgir em tempos de crise. Embora inicialmente custoso, investir na eliminação da malária equivalerá a um retorno sem precedentes em produtividade, progresso e desenvolvimento centrado na saúde e bem-estar das pessoas.
Nexus of Remittances, Poverty and Economic Growth in Gulf Cooperation (GCC) Countries
Authors: Yousaf Shehzad , Ullah Muhammad Imdad , Sheikh Muhammad Ramzan , Saboor Abdul
Published: February 2024

This research explores the influence of remittances and poverty on the economic growth of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using panel data spanning from 2000 to 2021. Various data analysis techniques, including panel unit root tests, panel ARDL models, and panel Granger causality tests, were employed. The long-term results of the panel ARDL analysis reveal several significant relationships with economic growth in GCC countries. Factors such as labor, gross fixed capital formation, secondary school enrollment, remittances, and the interaction between poverty and remittances all exhibit positive associations with economic growth. Conversely, the poverty headcount ratio shows a negative correlation with economic growth in these GCC countries. Notably, labor, gross fixed capital formation, poverty, and remittances all demonstrate statistically significant impacts. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that remittances play a pivotal role in promoting economic growth, whereas an increase in the poverty rate hampers economic growth in GCC countries. Therefore, it is recommended that GCC countries take proactive measures to enhance remittance levels while simultaneously reducing poverty levels in order to foster improved economic growth.
أثر الإيرادات الضريبية على الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في المملكة العربية السعودية دراسة قياسية (Q4 2022 - Q1 2018)
Authors:   طالب ماجستير في الاقتصاد، قسم الاقتصاد، جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, عزيز عبد الرحمن , بليله باسل ,   أستاذ مساعد، قسم الاقتصاد، جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: February 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثير الإيرادات الضريبية (مثل ضريبة القيمة المضافة) على الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال الفترة من عام 2018 إلى 2022 من خلال تحليل بيانات مالية واقتصادية ربع سنوية. تُظهر نتائج الدراسة وجود علاقة طردية ذات أثر معنوي بين الإيرادات الضريبية والناتج المحلي الإجمالي، حيث يشير معامل انحدار الضرائب إلى أن زيادة معدل الضريبة بنسبة 1% يؤدي إلى ارتفاع في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بنسبة %0.28 في حال ثبات المتغيرات الأخرى. كما تُظهر النتائج وجود علاقة عكسية ذات أثر معنوي بين معدل البطالة والناتج المحلي الإجمالي، حيث يشير معامل انحدار معدل البطالة إلى أن زيادة معدل البطالة بنسبة 1% يؤدي إلى انخفاض في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بنسبة %0.05 في حال ثبات المتغيرات الأخرى. أخيراً، تُظهر النتائج وجود علاقة طردية ذات أثر معنوي بين الإنفاق الحكومي والناتج المحلي الإجمالي، حيث يشير معامل انحدار الإنفاق الحكومي إلى أن زيادة الإنفاق الحكومي بنسبة 1% تؤدي إلى زيادة في الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بنسبة 0.28% في حال ثبات المتغيرات الأخرى على حالها. بالنسبة للتضخم، نتائج الدراسة تشير إلى وجود علاقة عكسية بينه وبين الناتج المحلي الإجمالي لكن هذا الأثر ليس له دلالة إحصائية. يخلص البحث إلى نتيجة مفادها أن السياسات الضريبية تلعب دورًا مهماً في استدامة النمو الاقتصادي وتعزيز الاستقرار الاقتصادي في المملكة العربية السعودية.
الإغفال التشريعي في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors:   مستشار قانوني ومتخصص في الحوكمة والسياسات العامة، جامعة الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية, الصالح مها
Published: February 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مفهوم الإغفال التشريعي في المملكة العربية السعودية، تم استعراض أنواع الأنظمة في السعودية، وتحديد السلطة المخولة في السعودية المناط لها مهمة التشريع ، ومراحل العملية التشريعية للنظام. يقوم هذا البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للبيئة التشريعية في السعودية، ومن ثم تحليل واقع الإغفال التشريعي في السعودية، وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج، منها أن هناك اندماج وتداخل فيما بين السلطة التنظيمية متمثلة في مجلس الشورى والسلطة التنفيذية متمثلة في مجلس الوزراء خلال مرحلة التشريع. كما أن عدد مقترحات الأنظمة التي تم إحالتها للسلطة التنظيمية تفوق عدد المقترحات التي تم إبدائها من قبل السلطة التنظيمية رغم أن نظام مجلس الشورى أعطى مساحة واسعة له لاقتراح الأنظمة إلا أن المجلس مارس هذا الدور بشكل ضعيف رغم الصلاحيات التي مُنحت له. كما قدم الباحث توصية لتعزيز دور السلطة التنظيمية وهي وضع أطر تنظيمية يجب مراعاتها عند إعداد مشروع مقترح النظام وتحديد ماهية الجوانب التي يستلزم تنظيمها في ظل غياب دستور وضعي يوضح ذلك كما هو الحال في الدول الأخرى، مع وجوب وجود رقابة على أداء السلطة التنظيمية لضمان أدائها مهمة التشريع على أكمل وجه.
واقعُ العلاقاتِ العامَّة الرَّقْميَّة واستخدامُ أجهزة الأمن الوطنيّ السُّعودي لها (رئاسة أمن الدَّولة نموذجًا)
Authors:   باحث بقسم العلاقات العامة في كلية الاتصال، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, الهليل هيثم , الغامدي خلود ,   ماجستير تنفيذي من معهد الأمير خالد الفيصل للاعتدال، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: February 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف إلى طبيعة العلاقات العامة الرقمية ودورها في تحسين الصورة الذهنية للمؤسسات الأمنية، ودور العلاقات العامة في بناء سمعة المؤسسات الأمنية الإلكترونية وإدارتها على شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي. إضافة إلى (الاستراتيجيات) الاتصالية للعلاقات العامة الرقمية في بناء سمعة جهاز أمن الدولة السعودي وتحسينها لدى الجمهور الخارجي، وقد توصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أهمية دور العلاقات العامة الرقمية في تعزيز الصورة الذهنية للمؤسسات الأمنية وتقويتها بوساطة الوجود الإلكتروني على موقعها الإلكتروني، ومنصات التواصل الاجتماعي، وإتاحة مختلف وسائل التواصل مع الجمهور. فضلًا عن أنّها تبين دور العلاقات العامة الرقمية في بناء السمعة الإلكترونية للمؤسسات الأمنية وإدارتها من طريق إنشاء المحتوى الرقمي المحترف، ونشره على مختلف المنصات الإلكترونية، والعمل على نقل جميع أنشطة (مركز الإصلاح والرعاية في المباحث العامة، والرعاية، ومهرجانات أجنحة إدارة الوقت في سجون المباحث العامة) جهاز أمن الدولة، ونشرها على المنصات الإلكترونية من طريق مجموعة من (الاستراتيجيات) الاتصالية للعلاقات العامة الرقمية التي اشتملت على: (الاستراتيجيات): (الإعلامية، وبناء العلاقات مع الجمهور، والصورة الذهنية، والإرشاد والتوجيه)؛ ما انعكس على الصورة الذهنية للجهاز لدى الجمهور الخارجي، وتوصي الدراسة بضرورة استمرار جهود رئاسة أمن الدولة السعودية وإدارة العلاقات العامة في المنصات الإلكترونية في تقديم صورة ذهنية إيجابية عن أنشطتها وبرامجها المختلفة في وسائل الإعلام المتعددة، وتعزيز التعاون بين إدارة العلاقات العامة في جهاز أمن الدولة ووسائل الإعلام المختلفة.
جاهزية البيئة الصفية في توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في مرحلة رياض الأطفال
Authors:   ماجستير الآداب في تربية الطفولة المبكرة، كلية التربية، جامعة الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية, الفيفي بشرى , الجشعم هنادي ,   أستاذ مساعد بقسم الطفولة المبكرة، كلية التربية، جامعة الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: February 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على جاهزية البيئة الصفية في توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في مرحلة رياض الأطفال، والكشف عن طرق توظيفها والمعوقات التي تواجه المعلمات في توظيفها، والكشف عن وجود فروق في استجابات العينة تبعا لمتغيرات الدراسة. واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتم تطبيق أداة الاستبانة بعد تصميمها من قبل الباحثة على (364) معلمة رياض أطفال في الروضات الحكومية والخاصة في مدينة الرياض. وتوصلت النتائج إلى: موافقة أفراد العينة على استخدامهن لمجموعة من طرق توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي بدرجة موافقة كبيرة، وذلك عن طريق استخدام المنصات التعليمية للوصول إلى المناهج والتعليم عن بعد كمنصة مدرستي وروضتي، واستخدام التطبيقات لوضع أنشطة للأطفال كتطبيق الروضة الافتراضية. كما أظهرت النتائج وجود معوقات تواجه معلمات رياض الأطفال في توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي في البيئة الصفية بدرجة كبيرة يعود أعلاها إلى التكلفة المادية العالية لتجهيز بيئة الصف وضعف الحوافز المعنوية والمادية للمعلمة في استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم، كذلك توصلت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق بين استجابات العينة وفقا لمتغير المؤهل وسنوات الخبرة وعدد الدورات التدريبية في الذكاء الاصطناعي، بينما أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق بين استجابات العينة وفقا لمتغير نوع المدرسة لصالح المدارس الخاصة ولمتغير التخصص يعود لصالح التخصصات الأخرى. وعليه أوصت الدراسة بتطوير برامج إعداد معلمات رياض الأطفال عن طريق تقديم مقررات تتعلق بالذكاء الاصطناعي، ووضع مخصصات مالية لشراء تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي المناسبة لأطفال الروضة.
CULTURAL RESILIENCE THROUGH THEATER: AN IN-DEPTH EXAMINATION OF DRAMATIC NARRATIVE COMMUNICATION IN THE POST-PARTITION ERA
Authors:   Department of Media & Communication Studies University of Gujrat, Aziz Adil , Toor Shazia Ismail ,   School of Communication Studies University of Punjab, Lahore, Qureshi Niza ,   Department of Mass Communication, Lahore College for Women University Lahore
Published: February 2024

In this research, an attempt has been made to find out what has been the state of the art of theater, which can play an important role in national development, after the creation of Pakistan. Historically, it has been proven that there has been a strong tradition of theater in this region. Considering the weaknesses and gaps that emerged from the literature review on this topic, the research methodology was adopted. The qualitative method has been used for the research. In-depth interviews of experts and written history of the theater are used as tools for the study. Due to ideological confusion, migration of theatre performers settlement problems, the economic situation, and the capitalist system, the theater could not be stable as a media organization. A few groups were formed later, but they are not guaranteed for the future. If the state wants, everything is possible. This is an important finding on the contribution of East Pakistan in performing arts such as theatre, which was part of Pakistan until the separation as the Bangla Desh, Pakistani historical literature is completely silent. Keywords: Theater; culture; drama; partition.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE SOCIAL OBLIGATION SCALE FOR CHILDLESS COUPLES
Authors:   Department of sociology, Institute of Social and Cultural Studies (ISCS), University of Punjab, Pakistan, Iram Anila , Zakir Rubina ,   Institute of Social and Cultural Studies (ISCS), University of Punjab, Pakistan, Sajid Mirza Rizwan ,   Department of Statistics, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
Published: February 2024

Procreation is important for social acceptance, family honour, and lineage preservation and is highly regarded especially in traditional societies. Childlessness is a globally prevalent issue that affects a person's social, psychological, and financial well-being. In traditional societies, childlessness has put extensive psychosocial and emotional burden that may affect the overall social functioning of couples in society. Childless couples truly affect their daily activities and filial obligations due to a wide range of associated negative emotions of childless stigma. This study aimed to develop and validate a Scale on Social Obligation (SOS) for childless couples. The study comprises 211 childless couples who have no child after two years of marriage. The SOS for childless couples was developed using theoretical foundations of the concept of family system Theory, social role theory, symbolic interactionism theory, role conflict and role strain theory. There were 09 items derived from theoretical literature that purely test the social and filial responsibilities of childless couples. Internal consistency or reliability of SOS was high at 0.955 and factors analysis confirm all 9 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) also explored that these nine items belong to one group. Further, convergent and divergent validity has also been observed through EFA. Overall, results suggest that the SOS has good reliability and validity, which can contribute toward the explanation of social obligations practiced by childless couples. It would be helpful for future studies to measure the social obligations of this situation. It also helps in planning interventional studies for upgrading the reproductive health of childless couples. Keywords: Social Obligation, Childless Couples, Development of scale, Scale Validation.
Pengaruh Instagram Advertising, Program Diskon, Dan Perceived Quality Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Fashion Ready To Wear Di Marketplace Shopee
Authors: Adelia Shavarani Siva , Nur Chasanah Amalia , Ikasari Hertiana , Mujib Miftachul
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan tujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Instagram advertising, program diskon dan perceived quality terhadap keputusan pembelian. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para pengguna aplikasi shopee yang pernah melakukan pembelian terhadap produk fashion ready to wear. Banyaknya sampel dalam penelitian adalah 150 responden, dengan menggunakan teknik sampel random sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, statistika deskriptif, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji f serta koefisien determinasi. Melalui hasil olah data yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa program diskon dan perceived quality secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion ready to wear. Sedangkan untuk Instagram advertising secara parsial tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion ready to wear. Namun secara simultan Instagram advertising, program diskon dan perceived quality berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion ready to wear. Meninjau dari hasil penelitian, maka para pelaku industri produk fashion ready to wear yang bergerak di marketplace shopee diharapkan dapat meningkatkan program diskon dengan berbagai kreativitas serta membentuk perceived quality produk fashion ready to wear dengan sebaik mungkin agar tingkat penjualan menjadi meningkat.
Circadian variations of neurotransmitters and cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Iurcu Irina , Lupusor Adrian , Cebuc Madalina , Rotaru Lilia , Odobescu Stela , Grosu Oxana , Lozovanu Svetlana , Moldovanu Ion , Vovc Victor
Published: February 2024

To anticipate and adapt to recurring daily events driven by the earth’s rotation, organisms exhibit regulatory mechanisms designed to control homeostasis under different lighting conditions, called circadian rhythm (CR). The CR represents an endogenous biological network that coordinates 24-hour cycles at the genetic, biochemical, physiological, and behavioral levels. CR control systems transmit timing signals throughout the organism, with all internal processes exhibiting a daily maximum and minimum activity level managed through modulation of neurotransmission in critical neural structures. Knowing the daily variations of neurotransmitter activity in the central nervous system is essential in establishing effective neuroprotection mechanisms. This study summarizes current knowledge on the interplay between circadian rhythm, neurotransmitter fluctuations, and their impact on neuroprotection and mental health.
Isolated renal tuberculosis in children
Authors: Kiselevich Olga , Maslova Olga , Iusubova Anna , Abramchenko Anna
Published: February 2024

At the present stage of development of tuberculosis as a science, special attention should be paid to detection of extrapulmonary forms. While it is easier to suspect extrapulmonary localization against the background of generalized process, isolated lesions of one organ cause great difficulties for doctors and represent a multidisciplinary problem. Particular attention should be paid to changes in urine, which may be accompanied by MBT kidney involvement.
Implementation algorithm of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical case
Authors: Condratchi Diana
Published: February 2024

The article presents the clinical case of the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reflected through the biopsychosocial approach with the help of 2 classifications: the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), a fact that offers the formulation of a complete, comprehensive [4] diagnosis that would merge the necessary measures of medical assistance with those of social protection. Thus, it will be possible to integrate information about the patient’s state of health with that about the dynamics of the disease from a biological, social and personal perspective.
Reliability of clinical and biochemical indices in patients with breast cancer associated with pregnancy in the pre- and postoperative period
Authors: Ureche Corneliu
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer has an annual increasing trend. About 1.5 million women get breast cancer every year in the world. The proportion of breast cancer in women during the fertile period, as well as pregnancy-associated mammary gland cancer (CGMaS), also increases [1-4]. The pathology is associated and requires a multidisciplinary approach (obstetrics, surgery, oncology, etc.). Clinical and biochemical indicators of a specific somato-functional status require to be studied and to record its particularities. A study issue will also be the changes in metabolism in patients with CGMaS and gestosis.
Design and Characterization of Oral Mucoadhesive Buccal Films of Empagliflozin
Authors: Samineni Ramu , Firoz Shaik , Bandaru Nagaraju , Lenka Swagat , Pravallika P. , Ooha S. , A Gouru Sampath , Sivakumar M.
Published: February 2024

An anti-diabetic drug called Empagliflozin is used to control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetics. Due to the high rate of hepatic first pass metabolism, it exhibits limited bioavailability. The current study was done to create Mucoadhesive buccal films of Empagliflozin with the aim of increasing bioavailability, patient compliance, and therapeutic efficacy. The solvent casting process used for the preparation of Empagliflozin Mucoadhesive buccal films by using the Mucoadhesive polymers like HPMC K100 and HEC. The prepared films' evaluated for weight variation, thickness, surface pH, uniformity of the drug content, in-vitro residence time, folding durability, in-vitro release, and permeation investigations were all assessed. Formulations (F1-F4) were created by altering the concentrations of various polymers, with F2 and F4 formulations having the highest polymer ratios and the longest-lasting drug release rates. According to characterization results such as in-vitro dissolution experiments, the sustained release formulation F2, F4 shows the best drug release rate, the order of drug release is F1>F3>F2>F4. It was determined that the films could be chosen for the development of buccal films for effective therapeutic applications because they exhibited effective enlargement, a practicable residence duration, and promising controlled drug release.
GC-MS Analysis of Phytocomponents of Methanolic Bark Extract of Sterculia foetida
Authors: Jana Koushik , Ghosh Abhijit , Debnath Biplab , Das Sonjit
Published: February 2024

Species of the genus Sterculia have been shown to have a variety of secondary metabolites. However, there has not been the subject of significant research. This study is conducted to determine the phytocomponents in the methanolic bark extract of Sterculia foetida by GC-MS using a Shimadzu QP 2010 Ultra comprising an equipped with MS, ECD, and FID detector. This analysis revealed that the methanol extract of Sterculia foetida (bark) contained a total of 34 phytoconstituents and out of that Lupeol (63.81%), Lup-20(29)-en-3-one (5.54%) n-Hexadecenoic acid (5.73), and Vanillic acid (1.22%) were found to be in higher concentration. Lupeol has been reported to possess antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, chemopreventive, and wound healing activity, while no activity was reported in Lup-20(29)-en-3-one. Vanillic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, Anti-Alzheimer, antiglycation, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects. From the results, it is evident that S. foetida contains various bioactive compounds and is recommended as a plant of pharmaceutical importance.
A Study on Evaluation of Drug Package Inserts in Kashmir, India
Authors: Ashraf Zuryat , Bashir Saima , Kahkashan Iram , Majeed Mehwish , Farhat Samina
Published: February 2024

Background: Drugs constitute a major part of the therapeutic modality for most of the patients. Accurate and authentic drug information is important for its safe and effective marketing. Drug package insert (PI) is the primary source of such information. They serve very important role in minimizing the medication errors. PIs need to be updated regularly, but despite regulations, studies have shown that Indian PIs provide inadequate information. Aims and Objectives: To check the completeness of information provided in package inserts of allopathic drugs. Material and Methods: This observational study was carried out for a period of 3months in the department of pharmacology, GMC Srinagar. 139 PIs were collected from local pharmacies and drug store of tertiary care hospital of Government Medical College, Srinagar.17 duplicate package inserts were excluded. The remaining PIs (122) were evaluated according to section 6.2, 6.3 of schedule D (II), Drugs and Cosmetics Act (1940) and Rules (1945).Data was entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet and then analyzed. Results: Among 122 PIs evaluated maximum package inserts were of antibiotics (15%) and anti-diabetics (15%) followed by CNS drugs (14%). Considering the dosage forms 60% inserts wereoral preparations followed by intravenous injections 17%. Regarding the various components of Section 6.2 of Schedule D (II), Drug and Cosmetic Act, posology and method of administration was present in 100% inserts, special precautions and warnings were present in 97%, side effects in 96%, contraindication in 94%. With regards the components of Section 6.3, excipients were mentioned in 78% inserts, incompatibility in 49% inserts, shelf life in the product package for sale was present in 28%, shelf life after dilution in 30%. Conclusion: Our study concluded that only a few inserts contained all the headings of Section 6.2 and 6.3 of Drug and Cosmetic Act (1945). Completeness of information has improved a lot as compared to past, still a lot needs to be done so that patients can derive maximum benefit from them. This demands strict scrutiny of inserts by regulatory authorities.
Qualitative Chemical Plant Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial potential of Rhododendron, a high Attitudinal Medicinal Plant in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Rashmi Kumari , Gupta Amit , Kaniska Kaniska , Pant Rakesh , Vyas Priyank , Bajpai AB
Published: February 2024

The objective of our study was to analyze and screen the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Rhododendron species (especially rawatii and arboreum using methanol as solvent system) in order to display potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. These Rhododendron species may be considered them as one of the immunobiological sources for future novel antioxidants (food and pharmaceutical formulations) and antimicrobial agent. In this study, we performed the antioxidant activity in methanolic leaves and flower extract of Rhododendron rawatii and Rhododendron arboretum using parameters i.e. DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content. In addition, antimicrobial activity was also performed against bacterial strains. The results of these studies showed that leaves of Rhododendron rawatii (10 mg/ml; 100 µl) showed higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activity followed by Rhododendron arboreum and flowers of both species of Rhododendron. In short, these studies may have revealed that Rhododendron rawatii act as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent due to its free radical scavenging and inhibition in the growth of bacterial colonies.
Screening of Phytochemicals for Antisickling effects
Authors: Rathore Sudama , Prashant Viplav , Prashant Dolly , Nath Abhigyan , Shivram A.
Published: February 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused due to point mutation on a single gene on chromosome 11 resulting in substitution of valine in place of glutamic acid at sixth position of beta-chain of adult hemoglobin (HbA). The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of phytochemicals (Rutin and its derivatives) for antisickling effects. Methods: The structure of Rutin is obtained in Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) format and is subjected to chemical similarity search using Extended-connectivity fingerprints (ECFP4) fingerprints. The Tanimoto coefficient is used as the similarity metric and top compounds obtained on chemical similarity search are further subjected to molecular docking based screening analysis. A local database of phytochemicals is created using the IMPAAT database. Molecular docking approach is implemented using iGEMDOCK for screening and ranking of Rutin and its derivatives. The docking is implemented with standard docking protocol with population size of 200 and number of generations= 70. Results: All the ligand molecules showed acceptable binding energies with the 2HBS receptor molecule ranging between -124.87 to-79.59kcal/mol. Koprutin showed the highest binding affinity against the 2HBS (2HBS-DEOXYHEMOGLOBIN S) and which can be further developed as an antisickling agent. Conclusion: The integration of insilico modelling techniques with the wet lab based experimental methods can significantly reduce the cost in terms of time and other resources. Further the intricacies of molecular interactions taking place between ligands and receptors can be better understood with the help of molecular modelling techniques.
Bebidas ancestrales y prácticas tradicionales a partir de la caña de azúcar en el municipio de Villeta Cundinamarca
Authors: Muñoz Vergara John , Nieto Mejía Alvelayis
Published: February 2024

Este estudio pretende poner de manifiesto el conjunto de prácticas, saberes y conocimientos asociados al uso de la caña de azúcar en la preparación de bebidas ancestrales y cómo a partir de su recreación se puede lograr la salvaguardia, protección y divulgación de la tradición en el municipio de Villeta, Cundinamarca, Colombia. La metodología se estructuró a partir del enfoque cualitativo y como método de investigación se utilizó la etnografía; las técnicas de recolección de información empleadas fueron la matriz de análisis fotográfica y la entrevista semiestructurada; además, los datos se analizaron a partir del software de análisis cualitativo Atlas.ti. Los hallazgos indican que las prácticas culturales asociadas a la elaboración de bebidas tradicionales generan importantes beneficios sociales a la región manifestados en la identidad cultural y la posibilidad de monetización desde sus usos turísticos. Se concluye que los saberes asociados a la preparación de bebidas ancestrales se pueden transformar en un patrimonio vivo que garantice la continuidad desde la recreación y la reivindicación que sus portadores logren a partir del rescate y la salvaguardia de su memoria.
Reading Field Diaries against the Grain: The Notable and the Absent in Syrian Archaeology
Authors: Baird J. A.
Published: February 2024

Before standardized context forms, before section drawing, and before photography, archaeology was recorded in field notebooks. Field diaries are perhaps the archetypal archaeological document both in the field and in the archive, and they persist in various contemporary forms as a key means of recording. Based on archaeological field diaries made in Syria during the French Mandate, in particular those of Clark Hopkins at Dura-Europos and Harald Ingholt at Palmyra, this article looks to the inclusions, elisions, and absences in archaeological field notebooks and asks whether it might be possible to reexamine the history of Mandate-era archaeology in Syria through them.
Unsettled Responsibilities: Antiquity, Resistance, and Rubble in Mandate Palestine
Authors: Irving Sarah
Published: February 2024

The 1927 Jericho earthquake caused widespread damage across Palestine and Transjordan, both ruled at the time by Britain. The worst-hit city was Nablus, where the Old City’s historic buildings became a field for conflict. Drawing on G. Gordillo’s differentiation between ruins and rubble and his analysis of colonial anxiety, power, and oppression, this article considers local and colonial reactions and competition over the material heritage of Nablus, particularly in the city’s Samaritan Quarter and the Crusader wall of the Great Mosque. Entangled in these are definitions of antiquity and ideas of archaeological value for the Ottoman and British rulers of Palestine. Decisions made and contested in Nablus and Jerusalem highlight the fine line between ruin and rubble, the mechanisms by which the mandatory administration sought to tame the built environment and indigenous communities of Nablus, and the way their confrontations reverberated in the city’s rebellious history and insurrectionary future.
THE DATA TO CLOCK ALIGNMENT METHOD IN QUARTER-RATE HIGH SPEED TRANSMITTERS
Authors: GRIGORYAN H.T.
Published: February 2024

Modern hyperscale data centers are increasingly using DSP-based transceivers to compensate for high channel loss. Transceivers operating at a speed equal to or greater than 56 Gbps, prove to be a viable alternative to analog transceivers in terms of power and area requirements, delivering better overall performance. The design process of such trans-ce¬i¬v¬e¬r¬s is very challenging. The most sensitive parts are the transmitter and receiver which are the main building blocks for such systems. In addition, clocking architecture and data-to-clock alignment is critical for achieving optimal performance. This article provides a data and clock alignment method for high-speed quarter-rate transmitters.
Ethereum Smart Home for Denial of Service and Single Point of Failure
Authors:   Crypto Hardware Engineering, Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic, Syahputra Bernawan Ikhsan , Marlena Desi ,   Crypto Hardware Engineering, Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic, Priambodo Dimas Febriyan ,   Cybersecurity Engineering, Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic, Arizal Arizal ,   Cybersecurity Engineering, Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic
Published: February 2024

Blockchain is a digital transaction technology adopting the peer-to-peer concept. The implementation of blockchain on Internet of Things (IoT) aims to secure the possibility of potential attacks against devices or transactions taking place on the IoT system. At practical levels, blockchain uses smart contracts to automate programs according to predetermined terms and conditions. This research is aimed at implementing an ethereum-based smart home Smart Contract by modifying the device components, dashboards, and consensus used in Xu et al.’s research. The consensus modification was performed by using Proof of Authority (PoA) aiming to improve block verification performance on the system. The Denial of Service (DoS) attacks and Single Point of Failure (SpoF) vulnerability were performed to evaluate the proposed system. The evaluation was performed with TCP Flood Attack, with request packets of 81,519 packets on port 8545 and ICMP Floods by sending 11,481,703 PING packets. The attack caused some application services running on the Ethereum Node 3 to stop, but did not stop the geth application. As for the Single Point of Failure (SPoF) vulnerability, the Ethereum network is still running and there were no obstacles in the mining process or block verification.