bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of smoking cessation intervention in opioid-dependent male subjects on buprenorphine maintenance treatment: An open-label trial
Authors: Jhanjee Sonali , Charan Deepak , Mishra Ashwani K. , Kaloiya Gauri Shankar , Jain Raka , Dayal Prabhoo
Published: August 2022

Background:

High prevalence (more than 80%) rates of tobacco smoking have been found both in, opioid-dependent subjects and among opioid-dependent subjects on opioid substitution treatment (OST) with buprenorphine or methadone.

Aim:

We aimed to explore the efficacy of combined nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and individual counseling (IC) when compared to NRT alone in subjects on OST with buprenorphine.

Methods:

This study was carried out in a tertiary medical care center. It was an open-label randomized clinical trial. A total of 57 buprenorphine maintained smokers were recruited and randomized into two groups. They were assigned nicotine gum for 4 weeks plus either (1) a baseline IC session, and a second IC session after 1 week, or (2) simple advice to quit. In the first group, 31 subjects received NRT with IC and in the second group, 26 subjects received NRT plus simple advice to quit. The primary outcomes of this study were seven days point prevalence abstinence, biochemically confirmed by carbon monoxide (CO) breath analyzer, and reduction in smoking (mean no. of cigarettes or bidis/day). The smoking behavior during the 4 weeks follow-up period was assessed by the timeline follow-back (TLFB) method and confirmed by the CO breath analyzer.

Results:

The group of subjects who received NRT with IC showed higher rates of smoking cessation at the end of treatment (51%) as compared to the NRT and simple advice group where smoking cessation rates were around 8% (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

A multi-component approach (pharmacotherapy and counseling) enhances treatment outcomes and enhances rates of abstinence from smoking.
Community Pharmacists’ Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amaeze Ogochukwu U. , Akinola Alexander A. , Aiyeolemi Ayobami A. , Lawal Folasade O. , Ijomone Oghogho R. , Mbata Ugochukwu A.
Published: August 2022

Objective:

To explore the services community pharmacists in Lagos state provided to their communities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists drawn from all the Association of Community Pharmacists’ zones in Lagos state was done from April to June 2021. Data were collected using a structured, self-reported online questionnaire via Google Forms and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.

Findings:

Two hundred and forty community pharmacists participated in the study; the response rate was 80.5%. Patient counseling (99.6%), assessment and treatment of common acute ailments (99.6%), and patient education on hygiene (99.6%) were the most reported services provided by community pharmacists. The COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures most frequently practiced by the pharmacists include cleaning of floors with soap and water (98.4%), provision of hand sanitizers for staff use (97.1%), and taking precautions when handling prescriptions and dispensing drugs (96.7%). Significant barriers to the provision of the services were reduced workforce in the pharmacy, time constraints, and extended working hours. Zinc (98.3%), Vitamin C (97.5%), and ivermectin (95.0%) tablets were the most reported medications for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion:

Community pharmacists in Lagos state actively provide pharmacy services and practice various recommended infection prevention and control measures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 infection in their communities.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Treatments in Iran in Comparison with Local Therapeutic Recommendations
Authors: Hashemi-Meshkini Amir , Koochak Reza , Nikfar Shekoufeh , Rezaei-Darzi Ehsan , Yaghoubifard Saeed
Published: August 2022

Objective:

In this study, we assess population-level data of COVID-19 treatments in Iran compared to Ministry of Health (MOH)-published guidelines to gain a better insight into the quality of care for this disease.

Methods:

National sales data of each recommended and nonrecommended COVID-19 medicine were used to proxy utilization between March 21, 2020, and March 21, 2021, or Iranian year 1399. COVID-19–attributed sales volume and number of patients were estimated by adjusting sales data with pre-COVID-19 average growth rate, recommended dose, and duration of treatment. Next, they were compared with the MOH guidelines in outpatient and inpatient settings. Furthermore, the list of top 10 molecules of the market and top 10 COVID-19–indicated molecules in terms of values were extracted to assess the economic burden of COVID-19 prescription drugs and their share.

Findings:

The estimated number of patients receiving COVID-19 treatments in some outpatient medicines such as recommended hydroxychloroquine was over 2.2 million. Favipiravir and remdesivir were collectively about two inpatient medicines 260,000; however, neither of these two medicines was recommended in the MOH guidelines. In some fewer specific medicines such as dexamethasone, prednisolone, azithromycin, and naproxen, the estimated number of COVID-19–attributed patients were incomparable with the officially announced number of confirmed cases in the year of study, which could be related to nonconfirmed diagnosed cases, irrational use, or prescribing, or limitations of our data and study. The total COVID-19–attributed market of candidate medicines was over 15 trillion IR Rials (almost 4.3% of the total market). Remdesivir, with over 60% of the total COVID-19 attributed market, followed by favipiravir, was among the highest value medicines.

Conclusion:

Despite the release of the COVID-19 guideline by Iran MOH, misalignment in the enforcement of decisions was a serious weakness (cases of favipiravir and remdesivir). This weakness led to some economic burden on the health-care system and raised ethical concerns.
Evaluation of the level of serum neuropilin-1 in patients with chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Abdelsattar Fatma M. , Zaki Ahmed N. , Khodair Sami A. , Soliman Ghada A.
Published: August 2022

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the tumor of hepatocytes and occurs mainly in patients with liver inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhotic livers. Recent studies hypothesize that neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) can be a specific indicator for HCC as it shows high levels in cases of HCC only.

Aims

To study serum NRP-1 in chronic liver diseases and HCC.

Patients and methods

Our research included 80 Egyptian subjects who were divided into three groups; Group I(20 healthy controls), Group II(30 patients with HCC and hepatitis C) and Group III (30 patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatitis C).

Results

Albumin, blood alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase enzymes, and urea showed a significant decrease in HCC and cirrhotic groups in comparison with controls. There was an increase in the mean values of NRP-1 in HCC and cirrhotic patient groups in comparison with controls, and there was also a significant increase in the HCC patient group in comparison with the cirrhotic patient group. In cirrhotic patients, there was a significant positive correlation between NRP-1 and each of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), AST, ALT, and prothrombin time. In patients with HCC, there was a significant positive correlation between NRP-1 and each of AFP, AST, and ALT. There was an increase in serum AFP in the HCC group in comparison with both control and cirrhotic patient groups and a significant increase in the cirrhotic patient group in comparison with the control group.

Conclusion

Serum NRP-1 levels in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus may guide us about progression to HCC. In these patients, if NRP-1 levels were found to be high, follow-up with radiological studies could be done.
Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria Species Related to Food Contact Surfaces in Selected Cafeterias in a Tertiary Institution Campus in ABU, Zaria, Nigeria
Authors: Mahammed N. , Abagai R. T. , Mohammed Y.
Published: August 2022

The study was carried out to isolate and characterize bacterial species from selected cafeterias in tertiary institution campus in Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria. A total of ten samples were selected for analysis which include; spoons, plates, forks, chopping boards, worktops, tables, hands, washing water, plate rinsing water1 and plate rinsing water2. The bacteriological analysis was carried out using the nutrient agar (NA) media, which was prepared by dissolving 28g of the NA powder in 1litre of distilled water, autoclaved and allowed to cool. The growth of the microorganisms were then observed and counted per ml. The identified species include; Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus anthracis. The food contact surfaces analyzed revealed that Chopping board has the highest bacterial load with 28 x 105, followed by Hand 27 x 105, Worktop 20 x 105, Table 18.8 x 105, Washing water 16 x 105, Plate 13.6 x 105, Fork 12 x 105, Spoon 7.2 x 105, plate rinsing water1 6 x 105, plate rinsing water2 5 x 105. The frequency of occurrence of the isolated organisms include; Staphylococcus aureus 3(10.3), Staphylococcus epidermis 9 (31.1), Escherichia coli 4(13.8), Klebsiella pneumonia 6(20.7), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3(10.3), Proteus mirabilis 2(6.9) and Bacillus anthracis 2(6.9). It was observed that Staphylococcus epidermis have the highest incidence of occurrence, Bacillus anthracis and Proteus mirabilis have the least incidence of occurrence.
Fiscal decentralization practices in developing countries
Authors: Oluyko Vitaliy , Samsin Igor , Stohova Olha , Filipenko Tatiana , Filipenko Anastasiia
Published: August 2022

The objective of the article was to identify and describe the current state of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine, Armenia and Georgia and the problems and achievements of territorial communities. Observation and comparative analysis were the main tools used. The study showed that effective fiscal decentralization of territorial communities requires the implementation of the relevant experience of developing countries that have achieved significant results. Fiscal decentralization, the transfer of taxes and spending powers to lower levels of government has become an important strategy for modern governance in developing countries. Fiscal decentralization is facilitated by a combination of citizens’ struggle to actively participate in the management process and dissatisfaction with the outcomes of the centrally planned economy. It is concluded that adequate decentralization strengthens the organs of local self-government and forces states to be more accountable to their citizens. In this regard, the adequacy and prospects of Sweden’s fiscal decentralization approach were also noted as a model worthy of study.
Building Legal Mechanisms for Electronic Governance Development
Authors: Dovhan Valeriy , Yunyk Iryna , Kurchyn Oleg , Zhupnyk Vasyl , Moskalenko Serhii
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to identify the legal mechanisms for the establishment of e-government and the development of e-governance from the perspective of international law and national legislation of countries where the level of e-governance is very high. Empirical and theoretical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the comparative analysis were used for a comprehensive coverage of the research topic. It is found that the community-oriented principles are the basis for the functioning of e-government with a view to the digital transformation values. The establishment of digital government in different countries with a very high level of e-governance has its own peculiarities related to the status of the national legal framework, institutional capacity and economic development, information policy and information security. It was established that the e-governance should be improved by eliminating the digital gap, raising the level of digital literacy, creating a single competent authority to regulate public e-governance policy, introducing a network system of access to e-government services, and establishing a system for training civil servants on the provision of electronic services. Further research on e-governance may be focused on follow-up study and argumentation in order to determine effective legal tools of its regulation.
Mapping in the context of public administration of intercultural diversity
Authors: Afanasieva Lyudmila , Bukrieieva Iryna , Hlebova Natalia , Glyns’ka Lyudmila , Grabovska Iryna
Published: August 2022

The objective of the study is to comprehensively analyze the methods of intercultural mapping of communities as a tool for the municipal management of a multiethnic urban community and, thus, determine their effectiveness for the active construction of intercultural practices and reformatting of the urban culture space. The Intercultural Mapping Methodology, developed by the Council of Europe’s Intercultural Cities Programme, includes tools such as the Intercultural Cities Index and the Intercultural Citizenship Test, as well as sociological and focus group studies, which further involve a wide range of active residents that identify tangible cultural and intangible values in cities. The use of this technique by the intercultural community of the Ukrainian city of Melitopol has proven its effectiveness as a mechanism to involve representatives of ethnic groups in cooperation with the municipal authorities for the joint development of the city’s cultural policy. It is concluded that a comprehensive analysis of the results of the study allowed to determine the priorities and strategies of its development, cultural and creative resources of the territorial community, creating conditions and new opportunities for a dynamic, inclusive and democratic intercultural society.
Combating sports corruption: an analysis of international regulations
Authors: Bondarenko Olha , Utkina Maryna , Reznik Oleg , Malanchuk Petro , Yurakh Vitalii
Published: August 2022

Today, sport is one of the most developed and highly profitable industries. According to various sources, the annual revenue of industry participants is estimated at at least $145 billion. The article analyzes the relevant international anti-corruption legal acts. We would like to emphasize that the adoption of these documents and the ratification of most of them is an important step in the fight against corruption in sport. At the same time, most of these international standards are aimed at combating corruption, that is, they offer active and punitive measures to combat it. Instead, the authors insist on the priority of preventive measures against corruption. The author’s classified approach to measures to combat corruption in sport is proposed. It is concluded that the first step should be to combat corruption in international sports organizations. The effectiveness of anti-corruption measures in this area depends mainly on the transparency of their activities. Another area of corruption in sport is determined to be grassroots corruption. The oldest form of corrupt sport is that which arises spontaneously during competitions between two participants or two teams.
Procedural and organizational and tactical features of the search
Authors: Gorbanov Igor , Marchenko Olena , Lisnichenko Dmytro , Piaskovskyi Vadym , Matiiek Liliia
Published: August 2022

In the scientific article on the basis of the analysis of the current legislation and points of view of scientist’s procedural and organizational and tactical features of carrying out search are investigated, essence and maintenance of activity of participants of the specified investigative (search) action is found out. A methodological system is used, which includes the following levels: philosophical, general scientific and special scientific. Emphasis is placed on maintaining a balance between the tasks of protecting the rights of the individual during investigative (search) actions in the home or other property of the person and the effective fight against crime. Based on the analysis of procedural legislation and scientific literature, the rights and responsibilities of the suspect and other participants in the investigative (search) action are summarized. Emphasis is placed on increasing the importance of the investigator in providing procedural guarantees to the person during the search, as well as on improving the tactics of the specified investigative (search) action. Relevant proposals have been submitted to the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine and to the tactics of conducting a search.
Conceptual principles of state policy of regulation of development of public- private partnerships
Authors: Nikiforov Petro , Zhavoronok Artur , Marych Maksym , Bak Nataliia , Marusiak Nataliia
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the proposed research is to form conceptual state policy foundations of regulating public-private partnerships development of countries with economies in transition. The need for substantiation of the regulating state policy of public-private partnership development in the transition economy and transformation processes has determined the topic relevance. The development of theoretical foundations for the state policy is based on systemic and institutional methodological approaches. There were used the method of comparative analysis, statistical analysis, structuring, method of abstraction and formalization. It has been determined that insufficient activity of countries with economies in transition in the public-private partnership projects implementation is due to imperfect legal framework, lack of clarity in the distribution of risks between agreement participants, political crisis and instability, lack of a unified state policy to develop partnerships. The principles of promoting the public-private partnership relations in countries with economies in transition have been identified, which include the formation of advanced legal mechanisms and systems of regulatory bodies, that monitor the public-private partnership implementation; stakeholder support by taking into account private interests, public authorities and end users; careful business partners selection. Basic determinants and a set of conceptual requirements for policy formation have been formed.
Administrative and legal regulation of public relations regarding the use of human resources in Ukraine
Authors: Turkot Mykola , Shevchuk Nataliіa , Shpak Yurii , Turchak Oleksandr , Tereshchenko Dina
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the current problems of administrative and legal regulation of public relations regarding the use of human resources in Ukraine. The problematic aspects of the functioning of the legal mechanism of the public administration in this area are identified and the main directions of its improvement are identified. The authors state that currently one of the key problems of the interaction between the individual and the State is the uncertainty and imbalance of certain components of the legal regulation of this area, the inadequate interaction of the elements of this system. In this regard, proposals have been made to improve the legal and organizational support for the interaction of the issues of administrative and legal regulation of public relations on the use of human resources in Ukraine. It concludes on the desirability of passing a law on general administrative procedure in the field of legal regulation of administrative services in Ukraine, in order to eliminate gaps in relations between public administration bodies (including municipalities) and individuals, highlighted the prospects of widespread application of the e-government practitioner.
International legal regime of the territory of Crimea after the Russian annexation
Authors: Shcherbyna Victor , Sotskyi Artur , Teliychuk Vitaliy , Koval Yuliia , Karpovskyi Serhii
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the research. The purpose of the article consists in determination of the current international legal regime of the territory of Crimea for further proper argumentation of Ukraine’s position in interstate disputes with the Russian Federation. Main content. Various forms of foreign military presence on the territory of a state have been studied, such as: occupation, conquest, deployment of foreign military bases, annexation, etc. Determined are signs that characterize the legal regimes of occupation and annexation and their international regulation. Methodology: Review of materials and methods based on analysis of documentary materials of the annexation of Crimea on the part of Russia. Conclusions. Characteristic features of annexation being currently a kind of aggression crime include unilateral declaration of state sovereignty over a territory which have not been a part of this state, as well as the legitimation of annexation through de facto ownership of a territory and international recognition of this fact. According to the international law, there is currently no legal mechanism for the transfer of sovereignty over territory to an aggressor through annexation.
Events in eastern and southern Ukraine in retrospect of post-soviet relations
Authors: Krasnodemska Iryna , Chechelnytska Hanna
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the article is to periodize the study of interstate relations and the course of events in eastern and southern Ukraine in the period: 1991-2015. The historical and comparative-legal method was used to solve the problem posed. The article analyzes the events in eastern and southern Ukraine during 1991-2015, taking into account Russia’s influence on social and political processes in post-Soviet Ukraine through the process of forming Ukraine’s international subjectivity, which are permanent factors in bilateral relations with the Russian Federation. In this context, Russia’s inability to recognize Ukraine as a full-fledged international actor at the legal and substantive level is demonstrated. It is concluded that the events in Ukraine not only provoked the strongest confrontation between the two largest states of the post-Soviet space, but also exposed a number of problems throughout the international security system. The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine was accompanied by numerous war crimes and crimes against humanity. The competent state authorities must calculate the amount of material and moral damage caused by Russia.
Conceptualization of smart-philosophy as a post-modern project of non-linear pattern development of the XXI century
Authors: Voronkova Valentyna , Nikitenko Vitalina , Bilohur Vlada , Oleksenko Roman , Butchenko Taras
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to analyze smart-philosophy, which refers to the priority research based on the new interaction between man and society. The methodological basis of the study is the synergetic approach, in the context of which new realities are “smart” with innovative potential. The informational approach to the analysis of society is based on the synergetic, nonlinear methodology, the analysis of which is applicable to the global transformation’s characteristic of autoreflexive societies of high complexity. It also uses methods for measuring the “smart society” - anthropological and socio-axiological, based on people, education, the movement towards the “society of innovation” and knowledge. It is concluded that the breakthrough in the system of information and communication technologies has determined profound meaningful changes in all spheres of social activity, which is the theoretical autoreflexion of modernity and its dominant direction. The result of the study is the conceptualization of the smart-philosophy of the XXI century as the highest stage of civilizational development of mankind.
INVESTIGATION OF THE LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY OF Co-Cr LATTICE STRUCTURES FABRICATED BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING
Authors: BABACAN Nazım , ŞEREMET Hübannur
Published: August 2022

Additively manufactured Co-Cr lattice structures are promising choices especially in medical applications. This study involves the designing and fabrication of a novel lattice structures with FCCZZ (face-centered cubic with exterior and interior vertical struts) unit cell topology. The manufacturability by selective laser melting (SLM) and the load-bearing capacity of this structure were examined by utilizing scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations and uniaxial compression tests. The samples with FCCZ (face-centered cubic with vertical struts) structures were also produced and analyzed for comparison. The designed lattice structures were successfully manufactured by SLM even though an approximately 1.5-2% increase in the theoretical relative density values was observed. The novel FCCZZ samples exhibited superior performance in terms of the load-bearing capacity compared to FCCZ samples by possessing 17% higher specific strength value.
СЕЋАЊА АНЂЕЛКА КРСТИЋА У КОНТЕКСТУ ПОЕТИКЕ ДОКУМЕНТАРНО-УМЕТНИЧКЕ ПРОЗЕ СРПСКОГ РЕАЛИЗМА
Authors: Бојанић Ћирковић Мирјана
Published: August 2022

One of the features of literary-historical research of Serbian literature in the last two decades is the revaluation of the works of forgotten regional writers (Maksimović, 2013). Such research is also focused on the work of Andjelko Krstić, a writer of Old Serbia, important in the field of social, educational and literary engagement. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the critical study of Krstićs work from the aspect of his autobiographical-memoir prose, published in 2000 under the title Memories, as well as its genre and periodization contextualization. The work is structured through the following units: description of the manuscript and intention of Krstićs autobiographical-memoir prose; Memories in the context of documentary prose of Serbian realism; Topos of Krstićs Memoirs; Memories in the light of the functions of literature; the concept and meaning of boundaries; oral tradition; communicative aspect and reception effect.
ЕЛЕМЕНТИ БОЖИЋНЕ ОБРЕДНЕ ПРАКСЕ КОД СРБА ИЗ БАНАТСКЕ ЦРНЕ ГОРЕ У РУМУНИЈИ
Authors: Чоботин Благоје
Published: August 2022

This study is the result of the researches that I carried out last year and this year in Serbian villages in Banat Montenegro where I identified people having a good knowledge of folk and religious customs. The article presents elements of Christmas rituals that are still preserved and practised, but also those rituals that have been lost over the years and, therefore, are not kept anymore. I have also tried to identify the reasons why these Christmas customs and rituals have been lost or forgotten by the Serbs living on the banks of Mureş river.
ИЗ ФОЛКЛОРА СРБА У ДУНАВСКОЈ КЛИСУРИ
Authors: Ђорђевић Белић Смиљана
Published: August 2022

The author of this paper conducted field research on the traditional culture and folklore of Serbs in the Danube gorge in June 2017. within the project Research of the History and Culture of Serbs in Romania. Field conversations included, in addition to topics related to traditional culture, oral history, everyday life and the like. The scientific interests and the primary area of research of the author conditioned the more intensive introduction of issues related to verbal folklore, and a relatively wide corpus of folklore material was obtained. Attention is focused on the folklore material recorded in the interview with the interlocutor from Belobreška: ballads, wedding songs, love songs. The texts are commented through the analysis of stylistic and motive characteristics and comparison with previously published variants.
ЛИНГВОГЕОГРАФСКА СКИЦА ШУМАДИЈСКО-ВОЈВОЂАНСКИХ ГОВОРА У РУМУНСКОМ БАНАТУ
Authors: Радовановић Драгана
Published: August 2022

Since the established dense network of checkpoints in recent years has mostly filled the gaps in the field of Šumadija-Vojvodina dialects in Romanian Banat, the paper presents a draft for a linguistic-geographical outline based on the preliminary dialectological reports. The intention of the author is to point to the internal differentiation of the zone by mapping the selected dialectal details. Therefore, these speeches are linguistically and geographically considered in a wider context of related speech types of our historical Banat.
DETECTION OF BOTNET ATTACK IN INTERNET OF THINGS
USING FEATURE SELECTION ENABLE MACHINELERANING
TECHNIQUE
Authors: Kevin G Kuriakose  , Susheel George Joseph  , Rahul P K  , Rony Monichen  , Dheeraj Kumar S
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is very rapidly developing with millions of devices that are
usedin the smart home ,smart city ,and many other smart systems for education and so on . On the
other side , attackers are mostly targeting these devices. After infecting malware attacks on these
devices ,they become bots that are controlled by attackers ,and these will be targeted to these
organization not only for stealing important information but also for breaking down of the network.
Although certain security measures have been created to guard against cyber-attacks, themajority of
these systems are rule-based. Additionally, malware attackers may be able to avoid the formal rulebased detection. Theabsence of earlier detection strategies is thereforefilled by the machine learningbased detection scheme. The public IDS dataset N-baloT andmachine learning techniques like the
CART algorithm provide the foundation of thesuggested detection architecture.
Machine learning models based on four classifiers are built :Naïve bayes ,K-nearest neighbour
,Support vector Machine ,and decision trees. Using 82,000 records from UNSW-NB15 dataset, the
decision tree model has yieldedthe best overall result with 99,89% testing accuracy, 100% precision,
100% recall, and 100% F-score in detecting botnet attacks.
HOW BUILT ENVIRONMENT SHAPES THE MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Jawad Nida , Dr . Masha Asad Khan
Published: August 2022

Architecture is all about understanding the impact of design on satisfaction, mental health and general wellbeing . “We shape our building and building shape us”, mused Winston Churchill in 1943 while considering the repair of the bomb-ravaged House of Commons. Built Environment has a significant impact on health and well-being. Unsatisfactory spatial relations and low quality of built environment may cause numerous stressors and reflect in users’ health, both in their physical conditions as well as mental health problems. In this article the different mental health problems and their possible solutions with built environment planning are reviewed and discussed. This article also focuses on to develop a more holistic approach that encourages mental health and help patients live happier and healthier life.
Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange, paciente del servicio de neonatología deel Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín en el año 2018.
Authors: Salazar Robalino Mathias Sebastian , Casares Castellanos Jonathan Antonio , Castro Salinas Alejandro Enrique , Medina Herrera Daniela Alejandra
Published: August 2022

Resumen
El Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (CLS) es una cohesinopatía. Las mutaciones asociadas a este grupo de síndromes alteran la reparación y la regulación en la expresión genética del ADN. Es un síndrome de baja prevalencia, que varía entre 1:10.000 a 1:62:000 nacidos vivos (1). En el Ecuador no hay un registro nacional de CLS, por lo que se desconoce su prevalencia e incidencia.
Es importante puntualizar, que el síndrome presenta una amplia variabilidad de la expresión fenotípica que va desde síntomas leves hasta graves lo cual conduce al subdiagnóstico tanto en etapa prenatal como postnatal, representando un reto para su identificación de manera precoz.  Es primordial reconocer tempranamente a este síndrome para proporcionar un manejo oportuno e integral al paciente.
Realizaré el reporte de caso de un paciente masculino, recién nacido, producto de primer embarazo de 38,4 semanas de gestación, diagnosticado intrauterinamente de restricción de crecimiento, presencia de arteria umbilical única, hipoplasia de vérmix cerebeloso, y megacisterna magna. Al examen físico, después de su nacimiento, se observaron características clínicas compatibles con Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange. El paciente se mantuvo hospitalizado para complementar sus estudios y corroborar el diagnóstico.
Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad en adultos que hayan sufrido trauma de abdomen cerrado y que hayan sido tratados quirúrgicamente.
Authors: Yépez Rodríguez Lorena Belên , Armijos Dután Amy Andrea , Moreno Villa María Cristina
Published: August 2022

Antecedentes: El trauma cerrado de abdomen (TCA) es la condición que puede originar laceración o rotura de órganos intrabdominales. Representa hasta un 80% de las lesiones abdominales en los servicios de urgencias. 
Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad en adultos con trauma cerrado de abdomen tras la intervención quirúrgica en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos entre enero 2017 y enero 2018. 
Método: El diseño del estudio es retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población corresponde a pacientes a los que se les diagnosticado TCA y hayan sido intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos entre enero 2018 y enero 2019. 
Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 106 pacientes. El grado de shock hemorrágico y la cantidad de órganos afectados tienen una correlación proporcional directa (p < 0.001). El aumento en 1 mg/dl de creatinina lleva a un aumento en la probabilidad de muerte de 20.19 (OR= 20.19; 95% CI 2.33 – 174.97). La urea por sí sola no genera un aumento en el riesgo de mortalidad (OR= 1.87; 95% CI 0.94 – 4.20). El shock hemorrágico (S: 83.3%; E: 89.2%; índice de Youden: 0.725) y la afectación de órganos (S: 58.3%; E: 91.4%; índice de Youden: 0.493) son predictores de mortalidad. 
Conclusiones: El aumento de la creatinina aumenta el riesgo de mortalidad en TCA. La presencia de shock hemorrágico y la afectación de órganos son factores predictores de mortalidad en TCA.
Tratamiento de pseudoartrosis recalcitrante de diáfisis humeral mediante fijación con placa de compresión dinámica y marco dinámico de müller más injerto óseo autólogo.
Authors: Mariscal Cobosn Walter Antonio , Bermeo Cornejo Juan Carlos , Jimenez Pinto Felipe Fernando
Published: August 2022

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar la eficacia en el tratamiento de una pseudoartrosis de húmero mediante la aplicación de una placa DCP (Dynamic Compression Plate) más injerto óseo autólogo.
Introducción: La pseudoartrosis es un proceso en el cual desaparece la capacidad de consolidación de fractura debido al fracaso de la osteogénesis, este es un proceso definitivo e irreversible. Se estima que el 3-8%del total de fracturas en el cuerpo humano corresponden a la diáfisis del húmero. A pesar de aplicar un tratamiento adecuado, un porcentaje significativo de estas fracturas evolucionarán hacia la pseudoartrosis. Su incidencia varía entre un 2–10 % en las fracturas tratadas de forma conservadora y pueden llegar al 10–15 % cuando son tratadas mediante la cirugía. Actualmente es una de las complicaciones más desafiantes para los cirujanos ortopédicos.
Caso clínico: presentamos un paciente de 50 años de edad, masculino, sin antecedentes de salud, que luego de resolución quirúrgica de fractura de diáfisis humeral, sufre dos episodios de traumatismos en el mismo miembro que provocan fatiga del material de osteosíntesis y posterior pseudoartrosis.
Técnica quirúrgica: se aborda foco pseudoartrósico, se regularizan fragmentos óseos, se coloca placa de compresión dinámica más autoinjerto de cresta iliaca con cerclaje de Müller.
Resultados: luego de cuatro meses de postoperatorio se evidencia consolidación de fractura y aceptable capacidad funcional al examen físico.
 Discusión: el acceso al foco de no unión, la limpieza del tejido fibroso de interposición y la utilización sistemática de placas de compresión dinámica (DCP) largas con injerto óseo autólogo, ha sido referido en la literatura con tasas de consolidación del 98%.
Conclusiones: la aplicación de placa de compresión más injerto óseo autólogo en el tratamiento de la pseudoartrosis de la diáfisis del húmero es la opción más eficaz y se considera la técnica quirúrgica de elección.
Reconstrucción tardía de punta digital de primer dedo con colgajo de avance palmar “Moberg”.
Authors: Castro Jadan Christian Bernardo , Solis Rojas Carolina , Baltazar Rendon Juan Bernardo , Ugalde Vitelly Juan Antonio
Published: August 2022

Introducción : El colgajo de Moberg descrito por primera vez en 1964 ha demostrado ser útil para la resolución de defectos que van desde 1cm hasta 2 cm.
Caso clínico: Masculino de 19 años que sufrió accidente con sierra eléctrica en punta digital del primer dedo derecho, tratado con cierre primario 10 días antes de su llegada a nuestro hospital por necrosis de la punta digital.
Discusión: Aunque este colgajo se utilizan principalmente en situaciones agudas, también se pueden emplear para la reconstrucción  de la superficie volar del primer dedo en un segundo tiempo quirúrgico cuando este lo requiera.  La elección del diseño del colgajo adecuado para la reconstrucción con estos colgajos ofrece la mejor oportunidad para un resultado exitoso.
Conclusión: El colgajo de avance volar de Moberg es una buena opción en defectos de la punta de digital en defectos menor o iguales a 2 cm. En los casos que se presente una longitud mayor a 2 cm, se debe planificar la reconstrucción mediante colgajo Moberg modificado.
Manejo de la vía área en paciente covid 19
Authors: Bonifaz Vallejo César Stalin , Pinela Madrid Luis Gerard , Peralta Gonzalez Kleber Michael
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: recopilar, revisar y discutir publicaciones científicas actualizadas con referencia al manejo de la vía aérea ante el paciente con sospecha o diagnóstico de covid 19.
Material y métodos: para esta investigación teórica descriptiva de tipo documental se realizó una recolección, organización, sistematización y análisis de estudios científicos, de bases de datos:  Cochrane Library, Google Schoolar y MEDLINE; entre los años 2019 al 2021, de los cuales se incluyeron 25 estudios de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos.
Resultados: se destacan la ineficacia del uso de la caja de aerosoles ya que no disminuye la exposición a partículas, así como también aumenta los tiempos de intubación en vías aéreas difíciles. El videolaringoscopio resulta nuevamente superior al extender significativamente la distancia "boca a boca" del laringoscopista, coloca la cara del operador por encima de la línea de visión directa a la faringe; y no existe notable diferencia en cuanto al tiempo de intubación que se efectúa con laringoscopios convencionales; las prácticas de aseo bucal, demostraron ser muy efectivas, pero aún sigue en estudio la solución ideal para reducir la carga viral.
Conclusión: El abordaje de la vía aérea del paciente covid 19 ha sido una gran preocupación, los artículos científicos han sido numerosos, pero dicha información se ha mantenido dispersa por lo que este estudio recopila, revisa y discute estas publicaciones sentando bases para los actores e investigadores nacionales para que puedan formular directrices que faciliten al personal de salud actuar en una misma dirección.
Neumotórax posterior a infección neumónica por SARS COV2.
Authors: Salazar Robalino Mathias Sebastián , Medina Herrera Daniela Alejandra , Borja Ceballos Juan Esteban , Monteros Proaño Gustavo Andrés
Published: August 2022

Resumen
El neumotórax espontáneo forma parte de las posibles complicaciones secundarias a una infección neumónica por COVID – 19. Tiene una importante repercusión en la tasa de mortalidad haciendo de esta patología, un tema muy relevante dentro de la comunidad médica. El presente caso clínico ayuda a consolidar los pilares fundamentales en los que se basa esta complicación. El personal médico debe estar familiarizado con su fisiología y diagnóstico para poder dar un oportuno y adecuado manejo, y mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes. El tratamiento debe ser flexible, dependiendo de las condiciones clínicas y los exámenes paraclínicos. Se puede presentar una rápida descompensación como ocurre en el siguiente caso y por ello el médico debe tener los conocimientos suficientes para poder modificar los lineamientos previamente trazados y evitar una exacerbación de la patología. Se pretende que este artículo ayude en la actualización de conceptos claves para un correcto desenvolvimiento médico en el marco de una pandemia.
KONTRIBUSI MAJELIS DA’I MUDA SEBAGAI PELOPOR JALUR TERANG STUDI ISLAM DI KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Ardianti Ardianti , Arisa Arisa , Fitriani Fitriani , Irmayanti Irmayanti
Published: August 2022

Majelis Da’i Muda merupakan salah satu organisasi pemuda di Kabupaten Sinjai yang bergerak di bidang keagamaan. MDM   terbentuk karena dilatarbelakangi oleh para pemuda yang merasa geram melihat perkembangan zaman yang semakin merosot dan mengkhawatirkan. MDM   secara umum dibentuk untuk memberikan peluang kepada pemuda untuk melakukan dakwah Islam di tengah-tengah masyarakat kota atau bahkan pelosok desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi Majelis Da’i Mudas sebagai pelopor jalur terang studi islam di Kabupaten Sinjai dan   faktor pendukung dan penghambat kegiatan Majelis Da’i Muda di Kabupaten Sinjai. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni kualitatif deksriptif dan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kontribusi Majelis Da’i Muda sebagai pelopor jalur terang studi Islam di Kabupaten Sinjai banyak bergerak dibidang soaial dan keagamaan, banyak kegiatan yang dilakukan sebagi bentuk dedikasi dan kontribusi mereka, diantaranya melakukan berbagai kegiatan keagamaan di daerah kota dan pelosok desa (safari ramadhan, menjadi khatib khutbah Jum’at, Idul Fitri, Idul adha), menyantuni kaum duafa, mengadakan pelatihan keagamaan serta bekerja sama dengan berbagai kembaga untuk mempermudah pergerakan mereka. Faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam setiap kegiatan akan selalu sejalan, sehingga dibalik adanya dukungan yang memberikan peluang terhadap kegiatan MDM tentunya ada juga faktor penghambat yang menjadi tantangan bagi MDM.
Introdução às guias PANLAR: Arterite de Células Gigantes
Authors: Fajardo Estefanía
Published: August 2022

O Dr. Sebastián Unizony conta como foi o processo de construção e consolidação deste documento pela equipe de especialistas.
Can Microbials Enhance Commercial Calves’ Gut Integrity, Immunity and Health?
Authors: Nikkhah Akbar
Published: August 2022

Supplemental Microbials (SM) could offer commercial young dairy calves with healthy subjects to enhance gut microbial diversity and host health if calves are managed properly and optimally. The possible helpfulness of SM, however, must not be overstated and overemphasized. The major aim of this editorial was to address whether SM is practically workable in preventing digestive disorders namely diarrhoea. Another aim was to underline the possible efficacy of such products in enhancing calf health and immunity. Protecting newborn calves against infectious diseases and concurrently, improving their health and growth in early life is strictly related to herd economics and production sustainability. Diarrhoea is the most prevalent infectious disease, causing calf morbidity and mortality worldwide. Supplementing dairy calf diets (i.e., milk or starter) with potentially beneficial microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast has been attempted to improve the gut microbial ecosystem and optimize nutrient assimilation and immunity. However, infectious diarrhoea still remains a major problem in many dairy and beef farms around the globe. Since diarrhoea has a multi-factorial nature, it seems that the possible efficacy of SM depends on the environmental and management conditions in which the calves are raised. The rearing system (e.g., individual vs. group housing), diet, environmental microbial load and other management factors are involved in the incidence of diarrhoea. Therefore, using probiotic products may interact with such factors, thus influencing their effectiveness and likely causing inconsistencies concerning probiotics’ usefulness in commercial dairy farms.
Pneumolabyrinth as a postoperative complication of stapedoplasty
Authors: Diab KhMA , Daykhes NA , Pashchinina OA , Zukhba AG , Kokhanyuk SV , Pirogova NE
Published: August 2022

Pneumolabyrinth is characterized by the presence of air in the inner ear due to intrusion from the tympanic cavity. It is a rare complication of stapedoplasty. Currently, there is no clear algorithm for treatment of this complication. The paper reports two cases of pneumolabyrinth being the short-term and long-term postoperative complications. In the first case, the patient, who had undergone stapedoplasty in the left ear, suddenly developed rapid hearing loss and tinnitus in the left ear with dizziness three weeks after physical activity. Physical examination revealed no evidence of the tympanic membrane defect. Audiometry revealed left-sided IV degree of sensorineural hearing loss. Pneumolabyrinth was detected on the temporal bone CT scans. In the second case, vestibulocochlear symptoms developed three days after stapedoplasty in the right ear. Pure tone audiometry revealed right-sided IV degree of mixed hearing loss. CT scan of the temporal bone confirmed the diagnosis of pneumolabyrinth. In both cases the correct position of the stapedial prosthesis, "empty" vestibule and perilymphatic fistula were found during revision tympanotomy. The prosteses were removed during surgery, Dexamethasone solution was introduced into the vestibule; stapedoplasty with autocartilage on the perichondrium was performed. After surgery, vestibular symptoms disappeared, and hearing improved.
De Bolívar a Montalvo, paralelismos pragmalingüísticos entre “La carta de Jamaica” y “La Carta a García Moreno”
Authors: Pricila Rodríguez Imelda
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se pretende justificar un análisis pragmalingüístico de dos cartas importantes en la historia de Sudamérica y de Ecuador: La Carta de Jamaica, escrita en 1815 por Simón Bolívar, y La Carta de Juan Montalvo a Gabriel García Moreno, (GGM, en adelante), escrita en 1860. La pragmalingüística se rige por los factores extralingüísticos que condicionan el uso del lenguaje, esto es, todos aquellos factores a los que no se hace referencia en un estudio puramente formal. Por factores extralingüísticos, entiéndase el contexto histórico y las circunstancias individuales que rodean a los autores de ambos documentos. Asimismo, se intentará ilustrar similitudes discursivas entre ambos documentos. Si bien se puede considerar que son cartas con intenciones distintas, se tratará de encontrar paralelismos tanto en lo ilocutivo como en lo perlocutivo, pues ambas misivas constituyen actos de habla valiosísimos.

Palabras clave: pragmalingüística, locutivo, perlocutivo, Bolívar, Montalvo.