bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downscaling the probability of heavy rainfall over the Nordic countries
Authors: Benestad Rasmus E. , Parding Kajsa M. , Dobler Andreas
Published: January 2025

Abstract. We used empirical–statistical downscaling to derive local statistics for 24 h and sub-daily precipitation over the Nordic countries, based on large-scale information provided by global climate models. The local statistics included probabilities for heavy precipitation and intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves for sub-daily rainfall. The downscaling was based on estimating key parameters defining the shape of mathematical curves describing probabilities and return values, namely the annual wet-day frequency, fw, and the wet-day mean precipitation, μ. Both parameters were used as predictands representing local precipitation statistics as well as predictors representing large-scale conditions. We used multi-model ensembles of global climate model (CMIP6) simulations, calibrated on the ERA5 reanalysis, to derive local projections and future outlooks. Our analysis included an evaluation of how well the global climate models reproduced the predictors in addition to assessing the quality of downscaled precipitation statistics. The evaluation suggested that present global climate models capture essential aspects of the covariance, and there was a good match between annual wet-day frequency and wet-day mean precipitation derived from ERA5 on the one hand and local rain gauges in the Nordic region on the other. Furthermore, the ensemble downscaled results for annual fw and μ were approximately normally distributed, which may justify using the ensemble mean and standard deviation to describe the ensemble spread. Hence, our efforts provide a demonstration for how empirical–statistical downscaling can be used to provide practical information on heavy rainfall, which subsequently may be used for impact studies. Future projections for the Nordic region indicated little increase in precipitation due to more wet days, but most of the contribution comes from increased mean intensity. The west coast of Norway had the highest probabilities of receiving more than 30 mm d−1 precipitation, but the strongest relative trend in this probability was projected over northern Finland. Furthermore, the highest estimates for trends in 10-year and 25-year return values were projected over western Norway, where they were high from the outset. Our results also suggested that future precipitation intensity is sensitive to future emissions, whereas the wet-day frequency is less sensitive.
Research on automated guided vehicle (AGV) path tracking control based on laser simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)
Authors: Wang Wei , Bao Zhenhao , Zheng Jiqiang , Wang Tianbo
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In recent years, the application of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in the industrial field has been increasing, and the demand for their path planning and tracking has become more and more urgent. This study aims to improve the effectiveness of AGV path planning and path-tracking control and to design a comprehensive hardware and software system in combination with the Robot Operating System (ROS) to improve the practicality of the system. First, the real-time performance and accuracy of path planning by optimizing window size and dynamic adjustment strategies are improved. Secondly, the research on the fusion of the improved particle swarm algorithm and PID (proportional, integral, differential) control applied to path tracking is discussed in depth. By combining the two organically, the accuracy and robustness of AGV path tracking in complex environments are improved. In the hardware and software system design phase, the ROS provides a more flexible and modular solution for the AGV system, and the introduction of ROS not only simplifies the integration of system components, but also provides a convenient framework for future system upgrades and expansions. In the experimental phase, the methodology adopted in the study is described in detail, and the superior performance of the improved method over the traditional method is demonstrated. The experimental results not only confirm the effectiveness of the improved method in improving path planning and path-tracking accuracy, but also provide strong support for the active role of the ROS in AGV system design.
Optimized Photocatalytic Degradation of Ciprofloxacin Using Nano SnO2 Thin Films: Kinetic Studies and Operational Parameters
Authors: Ahel Shrooq
Published: January 2025

Pharmaceuticals constitute the largest group of organic pollutants discharged into wastewater by manufacturers and healthcare institutions. Therefore, the development of effective methods for degrading these pollutants is crucial for environmental protection. The pharmaceutical medication waste ciprofloxacin, which has several uses, was degraded using a thin film of a SnO2 photocatalyst supported on the polymer. Among the tested semiconductors, SnO2 thin film, which was found to be the best photocatalyst for ciprofloxacin degradation. Operational parameters were explored to optimize the conditions for the complete removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from aqueous solutions including various factors affect the ciprofloxacin degradation kinetics. In this study, kinetic studies of the photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin were performed. This study demonstrated that SnO2 was the most efficient photocatalyst for ciprofloxacin degradation among the tested materials, reaching an optimum degradation rate of 89 %. The SnO2 photocatalyst was utilized in five consecutive batches, yielding consistent and acceptable results and demonstrating its reusability over four cycles. The percentage degradation of this antibiotic increased with increasing irradiation time. This clearly indicated that the efficiency decreased with increasing initial drug concentration. Among the studied pH ranges, pH 3 was found to be the optimal solution for ciprofloxacin degradation. The inclusion of 0.01M concentration of H2O2 in the Ciprofloxacin solution exhibited the most significant degradation efficacy. Here, we introduce SnO2-Polymer as a good catalyst for removal Ciprofloxacin from wastewater.
A review of Topological Data Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Mohammed Sura
Published: January 2025

During the past decade, it has been quite successful to observe how computational topology has incorporated some of the fundamental concepts and ideas from algebraic and differential topology into applications. This fusion of theories gave birth to a new field named Topological Data Analysis (TDA), which has a significant value in various fields, ranging from computational biology to personalized medicine and dynamic data analysis. Going beyond its foundational applications, TDA has enriched and complemented classical machine and deep learning frameworks in establishing what is now known as “topological machine learning.” In this paper, we review the present landscape of this emerging field, emphasizing how it merges with machine learning algorithms such as deep neural networks. Each method confers special advantages, targeting areas like machine learning integration, network reconstruction, classification of network regimes, or reduction of noisy data. We described common methodologies, discussed current implementations, and anticipate future challenges in topological machine learning.
First Recording of Isospora spp. in dogs and cats in Basra Governorate
Authors: Jassim Entedhar
Published: January 2025

Isospora spp are protozoa coccidian parasites from the phylum Apicomplexa found in the small intestine in hosts (dogs and cats). The aim of this study was to diagnose the Isospora spp infection microscopically in both dogs and cats (stray and housing), using flotation methods by Sheither solution. In the current study, a total of 130 fecal samples of dogs and cats (different in sex and ages) were collected. These animal’s samples divided into (109) cats, and (21) dogs, which were obtained from different areas of Basrah city during the period from September 2023 to April 2024. A total of infections with Isospora spp were that 9.5% for dogs and 10% for cats. The results depended on the shape, structure, and diameters of isolated oocysts under light microscopy which found oocysts of Isospora spp in dogs were distinguished by their large size and measurement. A high infection rate with Isospora spp. was observed in the Al-Fayhaa area (13.3). Monthly study analysis showed that the high infection rate occurred in February (23.8%), while September and October showed no recorded infection. In addition, the infection of Isospora spp. was high in the rural area of Basra province (13.3%). The current study demonstrated the presence of the different clinical symptoms in infected cats and dogs (dehydration, diarrhoea, fever, abdominal pain, weight loss, and vomiting). There are no significant differences in the statistical study. Through studying this research, I concluded that the parasite spreads due to differences in temperature and lack of care for the animal. Therefore, we advise the breeder to take vaccines for cats and dogs periodically and to conduct veterinary examinations.
Study association among the morphological landmark of Ear print to personal identification in forensics in the Iraqi population
Authors: Moussawi Saad
Published: January 2025

The external ear is a distinctive side of facial characteristics. Ear has attracted significant and elevating interest in biometrics due to its inherent characteristics compared to other traits. This study explores the external ear’s physical traits and its suitability as a tool for human identification. Through the use of photographs, evaluation and classification were done on six major human external ear landmarks: shape of ear, helix, tragus, shape of earlobe, earlobe attachment, and thickness of ear lobe. Findings of this study showed that there was variation in morphological features. We found that earlobes with medium thickness had a higher prevalence rate of 54.5% compared to thick and thin earlobes. There is a strong, statistically significant relationship at a p-value 0.01 between ear shape and earlobe shape. The present study shows that the individualistic characteristics of the ear can provide very useful information for personal identification in forensics.
Ventilação mecânica não invasiva após extubação em adultos: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Souza Carine Muniz de , Baptista Isabela Coelho , Cruz Ariela Torres
Published: January 2025

adultos e idosos, como facilitadora do desmame e como método profilático de reintubações para diminuir as taxas de mortalidade na unidade de terapia intensiva. Metodologia: Revisão da literatura com base em artigos de revisão sistemática, ensaios clínicos controlados, coortes e teses publicados entre os anos de 2006 e 2019. Resultados: Foram encontrados nas bases de dados um total de 230 artigos, a partir das palavras chaves, e, então selecionados 9 estudos para serem lidos na íntegra e incluídos no estudo.  Considerações finais: Pode-se observar e concluir que a grande maioria dos pacientes submetidos à ventilação não invasiva se beneficiam do método, apesar de podermos encontrar na literatura estudos que discordam e mostram indiferença entre os pacientes submetidos ou não à ventilação não invasiva.
Eye disease classification using deep learning convolutional neural networks
Authors: Rachmawanto Eko Hari , Sari Christy Atika , Krismawan Andi Danang , Erawan Lalang , Sari Wellia Shinta , Laksana Deddy Award Widya , Adi Sumarni , Yaacob Noorayisahbe Mohd
Published: January 2025

This study begins with the analysis of the growing challenge of accurately diagnosing eye diseases, which can lead to severe visual impairment if not identified early. To address this issue, we propose a solution using Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) enhanced by transfer learning techniques. The dataset utilized in this study comprises 4,217 images of eye diseases, categorized into four classes: Normal (1,074 images), Glaucoma (1,007 images), Cataract (1,038 images), and Diabetic Retinopathy (1,098 images). We implemented a CNN model using TensorFlow to effectively learn and classify these diseases. The evaluation results demonstrate a high accuracy of 95%, with precision and recall rates significantly varying across classes, particularly achieving 100% for Diabetic Retinopathy. These findings highlight the potential of CNNs to improve diagnostic accuracy in ophthalmology, facilitating timely interventions and enhancing patient outcomes. For future research, expanding the dataset to include a wider variety of ocular diseases and employing more sophisticated deep learning techniques could further enhance the model's performance. Integrating this model into clinical practice could significantly aid ophthalmologists in the early detection and management of eye diseases, ultimately improving patient care and reducing the burden of ocular disorders.
Valid and practical integrated monitoring instrument of tahfidz qur'an
Authors: Efan Efan , Saputra Arie Yandi , Syahri Riduan , Zulkipli Zulkipli
Published: January 2025

In implementing tahfidz qur'an learning in Islamic boarding schools, students must face many activities, and they are usually given up to five times a day. Almost all of these activities must be recorded by the teacher in a logbook so that there is the potential for slow and invalid reporting. This study aims to create an integrated monitoring instrument of tahfidz qur'an and reveal its validity and practical values. This study was conducted using a research and development (R&D) approach. The instrument was created by combining the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) development procedure and the Rapid Application Development (RAD) development procedure. Furthermore, the application of the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) paradigm into the application creation process aims to produce a monitoring instrument that is integrated into various types of devices and can provide data and information on the student's achievement of tahfidz qur'an learning to all interested parties. The results of the validity test revealed an Aiken's V value of 0.81 so it was worthy of being tested at the implementation stage. The implementation resulted in a practicality value of 80.65% from teachers, 79.84 from parents of students, and 78.28% from the management of the boarding school. Overall, both teachers, parents of students, and management stated that this integrated monitoring instrument of tahfidz qur'an was practical during use.
The influence of Hegel's philosophy on Marxist philosophical thought
Authors: Hanh Than Thi , Thanh Phan Thi
Published: January 2025

The current context of increasing global inequality, economic instability, and political polarization underscores the need to re-examine foundational theories that address social change and class conflict dynamics. This study investigates the significant impact of Hegelian philosophy on the formation of Marxist thought, specifically how Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels incorporated and transformed Hegel's dialectical method into a materialist framework. The research focuses on critical aspects of Hegelian dialectics, such as the synthesis of contradictions. It explores how these were reinterpreted to create Marx’s dialectical materialism, emphasizing the role of material conditions and social relations in shaping history and society. The research method involves a critical analysis of primary texts by both Hegel and Marx, as well as secondary literature that traces the development of Marxist theory from its Hegelian roots. By examining how Marx and Engels transitioned from Hegel's idealism to materialism, the study highlights the importance of understanding the economic base of society and its influence on cultural and political structures, a concept known as historical materialism. The findings demonstrate that Marx's critique of ideology, derived from Hegelian ideas, remains crucial for understanding how dominant ideologies serve to maintain the power of the ruling classes. This research is significant because it offers a deeper understanding of Marxism's theoretical foundations, which continue to inform contemporary social and political analysis. The relevance of this study lies in its potential to provide insights into ongoing issues of class dynamics, inequality, and social change in the modern world.
Em que (ainda) se pode reconhecer o estruturalismo? A via de Patrice Maniglier
Authors: Dias de Andrade André
Published: January 2025

Lançamos o questionamento, iniciado pelos herdeiros do estruturalismo, a respeito desta elegante ferramenta de análise. Ao recuperar teses propriamente estruturalistas, de Saussure e, atualmente, de Maniglier, buscamos atualizar a questão e considerar o estruturalismo como uma filosofia. Para isso analisaremos a concepção de signo saussurreano, e, em seguida recuperar, de estruturalismo “dionisíaco”” tal como defendida por Patrice Maniglier. Por fim, questionamos o que poderia significar não mais “reconhecer” ou “utilizar” do estruturalismo, mas verdadeiramente “ser” estruturalista, levando adiante uma teoria própria e consistente.
Marxist philosophy and its influence on today's world
Authors: Kien Pham Thi
Published: January 2025

In the context of the world facing a series of solid problems such as economic inequality, labor exploitation, environmental crisis, as well as the concentration of wealth and power, Karl Marx's thought is once again recognized as an important tool to solve any problem and propose solutions for transformation. The content of Marxism lies in the historical materialist perspective, the economic foundation determines the process of forming political, cultural and ideological institutions, and emphasizes the role of conflict in the content level and consistency in the main meaning for the history of the process. Through the historical materialist methodology and demonstrative analysis, this study focuses on evaluating the arguments put forward by Marx in his critique of capitalism and considering their appropriateness when applied to the current socio-economic context. The results show that the core principles of Marxism still hold value as a compass, helping to identify any work in society and orienting practice activities towards justice and equality.
A noção de estrutura em Georges Dumézil
Authors: Nalli Marcos Alexandre Gomes
Published: January 2025

Pretendo fazer uma breve apresentação da concepção estrutural de Georges Dumézil. Dumézil, embora pouco conhecido no Brasil, foi um dos nomes mais expressivos das pesquisas em mitologia comparada, atuando principalmente sobre as civilizações indo-europeias. Seu mérito foi o de propor outra abordagem para a comparação, não se valendo mais de elementos e sim de estruturas passíveis de homologia. É nesse contexto que ele descobre e desenvolve sua teoria da trifuncionalidade ou ideologia tripartite.
Variações Anatômicas da Circulação Posterior Bilateral e da Artéria Cerebral Anterior: Relato de Caso e Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Vianna Jonnathan , Tertulino Franklin de Freitas , De Lima Eduardo Martiniano
Published: January 2025

Não é raro encontrar variações anatômicas no Polígono de Willis em pessoas saudáveis. Geralmente, as variações são únicas ou mais raramente duplas, sendo que, por definição, não causariam sintomatologia no paciente. No entanto, relatos na literatura apontam que as ditas “variações” arteriais cerebrais podem estar relacionadas com o desenvolvimento de aneurismas, hemorragias e anormalidades cerebrais, além de aumentar as chances de insuficiência vascular e de danos cerebrais severos em eventos tromboembólicos. Apresentamos um caso de uma mulher de 64 anos com queixa de cefaleia refratária, cuja angiografia por ressonância magnética demonstrou a associação de três variações anatômicas: artéria cerebral anterior ázigos, artéria cerebral posterior de origem fetal verdadeira e artéria cerebral posterior de origem fetal completa.
Sosialisasi Tentang Penyimpanan dan Pengamanan Rekam Medis di RSU Ibunda Kota Serang Tahun 2023
Authors: La Tho Ita , Chaya Heru Indra , Muhtaruddin Erwin
Published: January 2025

Rumah sakit adalah institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan perorangan secara paripurna yang menyediakan pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan, dan gawat darurat (Permenkes RI Nomor 3 Tahun 2020). Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak setiap orang yang dijamin dalam Undang- Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 yang harus diwujudkan dengan upaya peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang setinggi tingginya. Rekam medis merupakan dokumen penting yang berisi informasi kesehatan pasien. Pengelolaan rekam medis yang baik, termasuk sistem penyimpanan dan pengamanan, sangat krusial untuk menjamin kualitas pelayanan kesehatan dan kerahasiaan data pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan mengenai sistem penyimpanan dan pengamanan rekam medis di Rumah Sakit Ibunda Kota Serang. Melalui kegiatan sosialisasi, pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan mengenai berbagai sistem penjajaran rekam medis, seperti sistem alfabetis, alfanumerik, dan numerik, serta teknik penyimpanan yang aman berhasil ditingkatkan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada skor post-test dibandingkan dengan pre-test. Dengan demikian, diharapkan peningkatan pengetahuan ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dalam pengelolaan rekam medis, mengurangi risiko kehilangan atau kerusakan data, serta menjaga kerahasiaan informasi pasien.

Kata Kunci: rekam medis, sistem penyimpanan, pengamanan, tenaga kesehatan, sosialisasi
Pendidikan Kesehatan Pentingnya Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Pada Remaja Putri di MTS Mathlaul Anwar Sumur
Authors: Mahmudah Rif’atul , Ismayanty Devie , Afrina Nida Ria
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan: Remaja merupakan usia produktif, menurut world health organization (WHO) rentang usia remaja 10-19 tahun. Remaja rentan mengalami kekurangan zat besi dan anemia disebabkan oleh perdarahan selama menstruasi, kekurangan mikronutrien, pola makan, infeksi, peradangan, pengaruh faktor biologis, masalah sosial ekonomi, pengetahuan yang rendah mengenai anemia dan penyakit kelainan darah seperti thalassemia. Angka kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di MTs Mathlaul Anwar sebesar 62% dari 105 orang. Tujuan: untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pentingnya konsumsi tablet tambah darah. Metode Penelitian: pendidikan kesehatan kepada remaja putri di MTs Mathlaul Anwar Sumur sebanyak 52 orang. Hasil:Terdapat peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan sebelum (10,62 poin) dan sesudah menggunakan metode demonstrasi (14,85 poin) dengan selisih 4,23 poin. Kesimpulan: pendidikan kesehatan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja mengenai pentingnya konsumsi tablet tambah darah.

Kata kunci: Anemia, Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah, Remaja Putri
Penyuluhan Pentingnya Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat Dalam Mencegah Demam Berdarah (DBD) dan Kerja Bakti Membersihkan Lingkungan di Alun-Alun Kecamatan Ciparay Kabupaten Bandung 2025
Authors: Zaelani Ahmad , Fidzikri Nanda Berliana Tania , Purba Sulastri , Aba Matheus , Anggraeni Ari , Kuraesin Siti , Widiansyah Wiwid
Published: January 2025

Musim yang tidak menentu dan mengkibatkan hujan di wilayah Indonesia penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) meningkatkan potensi penyaki tersebut. Kabupaten bandung menjadi penyumbang tetnggi angka kematian akibat Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) teratat 29 kasus kematian, Sehingga perlunya edukasi terhadap masyarakat sekitar tentang pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) serta pertolongan pertama terhadap penderita Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) adalah upaya untuk memberikan pengalaman belajar atau menciptakan kondisi bagi individu, keluarga, kelompok dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku dengan membuka saluran komunikasi, memberikan informasi dan pendidikan untuk membantu masyarakat mengenali dan memecahkan masalah sendiri. Tingginya angka kejadian DBD yaitu kepadatan penduduk, kurangnya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, rendahnya pengetahuan dan pendidikan masyarakat, tertinggalnya informasi, Salah satu upaya pemberantasan penyakit DBD adalah dengan memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat melalui penyuluhan dan edukasi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman serta kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya hidup bersih dan sehat dan cara 3M plus yang dilakukan di Alun-alun kecamatan Ciparay Kabupaten Bandung tahun 2025. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran para masyarakat, pedagang dan pengunjung dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari di Alun-Alun Ciparay.
Kata Kunci: Perilaku hidup bersih sehat, Demam Berdarah, Penyuluhan.
THE FREQUENCY OF GENERALISED SEIZURES IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Zaman Mamoona , Badshah Aliena , Atif Durkho , Khan Zahidullah , Shah Muhammad Asim
Published: January 2025

Objective: To determine the frequency of generalized seizures in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke.
Material and Methods: The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from April 10th, 2021, to October 9th, 2021. It included a total of 220 patients, aged 30 to 70 years of either gender, having ischemic stroke. They were registered by using a nonprobability consecutive sampling technique. The study was initiated after agreement from the hospital’s ethical committee. Patients signed the informed consent before the collection of their data. Demographic data, including risk factors and frequency of seizures, were noted. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results: In this study, a total of 220 patients (54.5% males and 45.5% female) were enrolled with a mean age of 51.25 ± 12.1 years. The mean height was 155.1 ± 14cm, the mean weight was 71.9 ± 11.3 kg, and the mean BMI was 29.8 ± 5.9 kg/m2. The mean duration of ischemic stroke was 10.1 ± 2.9 hours. Diabetes was present in 47.3% of patients. Hypertension was present in 70% of patients. Obesity was present in 32.7% of patients. Seizures were present in 13.6% of patients.
Conclusion: Seizures after ischemic stroke are common in our population.
Keywords: Seizures, Ischemic Stroke, Generalized Seizures
Redescription of the type specimen of Chironomus oppositus Skuse, 1856
Authors: Martin Jon
Published: January 2025

The type specimen of Chironomus oppositus Walker, 1856 is redescribed in more detail than in previous publications. This redescription is necessary because the original type has specimen has now been lost. The basis for allocating this name to an existing species is outlined.
Clarification of the status of Chironomus javanus Kieffer, 1924 and C. vitellinus Freeman, 1961
Authors: Martin Jon , Epler John H.
Published: January 2025

The status of the closely related species Chironomus javanus Kieffer, 1924 and C. vitellinus Freeman, 1961 has been largely confused and C. vitellinus even considered to be a junior synonym of a very widely distributed C. javanus. However, a comparison of the available mitochondrial COI barcode sequences reveals that there are two groups of sequences with consistent differences between them. Further, the geographic origins of these sequences indicates that C. vitellinus is much more widely distributed than C. javanus. This interpretation is confirmed from the details of various descriptions, with differences particularly in the male hypopygium and the larval premandible. Chironomus vitellinus is also found in the New World in Florida and Puerto Rico, indicating that the species is probably distributed through most of the tropical region. However, C. sp. “Florida” of Epler (2001), known only as a larva, and with a multi-toothed premandible has been determined to be a separate species.
Bridling at Halters: Equine Bodies and Double Binds in John Gower’s “Tale of Rosiphelee”
Authors: McGregor Francine
Published: January 2025

The generative but limited scholarship on animals in John Gower’s work does not, as yet, address how daily contact with animals in the Middle Ages affects their representations in literature. Recognizing the domesticated animal’s need for daily care pressures the narrative import of a didactic tale such Gower’s “Tale of Rosiphelee,” qualifying its advocacy of women’s submission to love and marriage. This article looks specifically at horses, placing late medieval hippiatric manuals in English next to representations of horses in Gower’s Confessio Amantis, particularly his “Rosiphelee.” Hippiatric manuals illuminate how horses’ physical proximity to humans in medieval daily life can unsettle the horses’ metaphorical roles; as equine bodies need care, their fleshly presence and the nurture essential to them vexes how they signify. In “Rosiphelee,” Gower’s representation of the suffering equine body evokes cultural ambivalence about the capacity of social institutions to protect and care for women.
Simulation-Based Learning for Pain Medicine: A Scoping Review of Undergraduate Education
Authors: Savastyuk Alina , Campos Carlos , Jowsey Tanisha
Published: January 2025

Background: Pain medicine is under-represented in medical curricula worldwide, potentially contributing to barriers to best practice in acute and chronic pain management. Simulation-based education (SBE) is an established educational tool, though its utility has not been fully explored in relation to pain medicine. We undertook a scoping review to identify how SBE has featured in pain management undergraduate education. We wanted to know how SBE affects undergraduate medical students’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes in pain medicine.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PubMed and PsychInfo databases. Key terms in the search string were simulation-based education AND medical student AND pain medicine AND education OR confidence. We applied Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for analysis. We additionally recorded whether included studies reported learning according to Kirkpatrick’s modified four levels of learning.

Findings: Twelve studies were included in the review. Both acute and chronic pain were addressed. The most common form of SBE reported in the included studies was learning with standardised patients. Key results from across the included studies were: SBE improves medical students’ knowledge, skills and attitudes in pain medicine; SBE informs student attitudes and confidence to manage patient pain effectively; and SBE can be effective for reducing stigmatisation of patients with chronic pain. Student satisfaction with the reported SBE interventions was high. Eleven studies (92%) only collected data on learner satisfaction, equating to a Kirkpatrick Level 1 educational outcome. However, nine studies (75%) also evaluated the simulation intervention’s effect on participant learning, equating to a Kirkpatrick Level 2 educational outcome (learning).

Conclusion: SBE can be an effective method of undergraduate medical education in pain medicine. Further research should examine the way SBE can affect medical students’ attitudes towards patients with chronic pain.
Methylglyoxal Potentiates AMPK-Mediated Polarization of M2d-Like Tumor-Associated Macrophages
Authors: Zhuang Yaohua , Gao Peng , Cao Hangbing , Wang Yujing , Xing Wanjing , Xu Huan , Mu Min , Ye Dongqing
Published: January 2025

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a widely-used compound in food industry, which is also produced by glycolytic metabolism. It is known to be associated with multiple chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Although our immune system is actively removing mutated cells, recent findings indicated that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) could induce immunosuppression and promote cancer cell proliferation in tumor microenvironment, the polarization of which was regulated by cell metabolism. Since the MGO levels can be increased by the accelerated glycolysis in tumor microenvironment, the impacts of MGO on TAM polarization should be examined to reveal its potential immunotoxicity. In the present study, the polarization of THP-1-derived macrophages to M2d-like TAMs was found to be promoted by MGO at 50 to 200 µM. The M2d phenotypes and the immunosuppressive functions were found to be induced by MGO during polarization. MGO was also found to increase AMPK phosphorylation in the M2d-like TAM model and the MGO-promoted polarization was also found to be reversed by an AMPK inhibitor. Collectively, these results not only demonstrated that MGO could potentiate AMPK-mediated polarization of M2d-like TAMs, but also indicated that the AMPK pathway might be utilized as a therapeutic target for MGO-induced immunotoxicity.
Comparison of speech elicitation tasks for machine learning-based depression classification
Authors: Bauer Jonathan F. , Gerzcuk Maurice , Schuller Bjoern , Berking Matthias
Published: January 2025

Machine learning-based depression classification based on paralinguistic speech parameters yields a novel approach to detect depression. However, there is uncertainty about the effect of different types of speech recordings on classification accuracy. We suggest that recordings of free speech containing antidepressive statements may be particularly suitable for depression classification. To test this hypothesis, we conducted Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-5 to determine depression diagnoses on suitable candidates, resulting in a final sample of 48 clinically depressed individuals, 48 sub-clinically depressed individuals, and 48 non-depressed individuals. Participants from each group completed four different speech tasks: Participants read aloud neutral texts, they read aloud scripted depressive statements, they came up with and expressed anti-depressive statements, and 50% of participants read aloud scripted anti-depressive statements. Separate classification models aimed at classifying current depression were trained for each speech type and with two different state-of-the-art machine learning methods. We found that training a depression classification model on recordings of anti-depressive statements was not superior to training models on other types of speech recordings. We only found a significantly better accuracy for the depression classification model trained on recordings of neutral read speech compared to the model trained on recordings of depressive read speech. We could not confirm our hypothesis that recordings of antidepressive statements would result in superior depression classification accuracy compared to recordings of neutral text reading. Eliciting depression-related speech may reduce affective variability in individuals’ responses and therefore diminish depression-discriminative information. Our findings provide important directions for future research aimed to optimize speech elicitation tasks for depression classification.
Optimization of Gram Stain for Its Application in Tissues
Authors: García-Aguilar Karol , Gopar-Cuevas Yareth , Chávez-Briones María-de-Lourdes , Ortega-Martínez Marta , Jaramillo-Rangel Gilberto
Published: January 2025

Gram stain remains one of the most universally used techniques for microbiological diagnosis. In clinical practice, situations may arise in which the establishment of the etiology of certain bacterial infections is limited to histological findings. Although conventional Gram stain works very well to identify bacteria in smears from liquid samples, its application is not appropriate for tissue sections, because connective tissue and other elements of biopsies stain easily and nonspecifically with the dyes used in the technique, which complicates the visualization of bacteria. Therefore, the objective of this work was to optimize Gram stain to be able to detect bacteria in histological sections where the morphology of the tissue can be appreciated, thus increasing the possibility of observing the histopathological pattern underlying the disease. For this, sections from patients previously diagnosed with mycetoma or pyelonephritis were used. These sections were stain used in the standard protocol of Gram staining technique. Subsequently, the sections were immersed in tap water for two to three hours (depending on the tissue) to release excess dye. This step constitutes our optimization parameter. With the optimization carried out on the Gram stain in this work, it is possible to detect and differentiate bacteria and at the same time appreciate the morphology of the tissue, thus increasing the possibility of observing the histopathological pattern underlying the disease. Therefore, this technique could be of great support in the clinical setting for the histopathologist in the diagnosis of infections due to this type of agents.
Health Activism as a Resource of the Healthcare Systems
Authors: Dudina Victoria
Published: January 2025

Public health activism is important, but often overlooked resource of the healthcare systems. The transition to participatory medicine, responsible self-treatment and self-help is considered by the World Health Organization as a vector for the development of public health systems worldwide. In this context, there is growing interest in how people organize health care practices; how they come together to jointly solve health problems; in what forms they express their disagreement with the organization of medical care or the distribution of health services; what actions are being taken to change the situation. Currently in the social science there is a lack of fundamental developments devoted to the study of health activism corresponding to the realities of modern society, especially in the context of new epidemic risks and the growing mediatization and digitalization of society. There is a need to develop a theory of health activism, taking into account the spread of new epidemic risks, changes in the forms and strategies of social activism, mediatization and digitalization. The aim of the research was to identify key theoretical approaches and gaps in existing research. We implemented a scoping review of literature available in the subject area of public health activism published in the last 10 years. Different forms of public health activism were identified in examined papers. A new vision of public health as a complex set of multi-level strategies and interventions requires the development of new theoretical approaches to the study of health activism. The research was supported by RSF (project No 22-18-00261).
Efficacy of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy on Religious Intolerance Among Adolescents in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Moses Godswill , Muhammad Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Religious intolerance poses significant threats to social cohesion and peaceful coexistence, particularly in multi-religious regions like Wukari Education Zone of Taraba State, Nigeria. This study examined the efficacy of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) in addressing cognitive, emotional, and behavioural dimensions of religious intolerance among adolescents. A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was employed, involving 20 SS1 students selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using an adapted Religious Intolerance Scale (RIS) and analyzed with paired and independent t-tests. Findings revealed that REBT significantly reduced cognitive distortions, negative emotions, and irrational behaviours associated with religious intolerance. Furthermore, no significant gender differences were observed in the efficacy of REBT, indicating equal effectiveness for male and female adolescents. The study concludes that REBT is an effective therapeutic intervention for reducing religious intolerance and promoting interfaith tolerance among adolescents.
ChatGPT and College English Writing Teaching: Opportunities and Challenges Enabled by new Technologies
Authors: Yue Shuzhen
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, large language models such as ChatGPT are increasingly used in academic and educational fields. This paper explores the opportunities and challenges of ChatGPT in college English writing teaching, analyzes how it empowers writing teaching by providing writing inspiration, optimizing language expression, and improving writing efficiency, and also points out the problems it may bring in terms of originality and academic norms. This paper aims to provide valuable references for educators when using AI tools such as ChatGPT for English writing teaching through case analysis and literature review.
Research Progress and Hotspot Analysis on Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Chi , Su Tongsheng , Wan Zhaoxin , Sun Jiarui
Published: January 2025

Objective: Based on CiteSpace software, the literature on the treatment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by acupuncture in the past 20 years was analyzed, and the progress track and hot trends of acupuncture in the treatment of MCI were summarized. Methods: Chinese journal articles from January 1, 2004 to November 1, 2024 were retrieved from CNKI database and converted into CiteSpace software using Endnote X9 and Citespace6.3. R1 software analyzes keywords and draws knowledge map. The research progress and hotspot of acupuncture in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment were analyzed. Results: A total of 611 literatures were included, and it was found that the number of literatures on the treatment of MCI by acupuncture continued to increase in recent years, including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, clinical trials, etc. Conclusion: Visualization software was used to analyze the research hotspot of acupuncture in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. Head electroacupuncture, RCT test, neuroprotection and repair of acupuncture, cognitive improvement, comprehensive treatment mode, prevention of dementia may be the research hotspot and trend in this field. In the past 20 years, the research on acupuncture in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment in Chinese literature has mainly focused on the observation of clinical efficacy and the exploration of mechanism of action. In addition, the clinical treatment methods of acupuncture and moxibustion are also continuously optimized, and the research on its mechanism of action is also continuously deepened. These trends reveal the potential and importance of acupuncture in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment.
The Impact of Annual Yoga Training on the Physical Fitness, Breath-Holding Time and BMI of Boarding Male Students
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Chaudhari Haresh G
Published: January 2025

To conduct this study, ninety (N=90) male students from the Swami Brahmananda Hostel, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, were chosen. Their ages ranged from 18 to 23 years. The participants underwent a year of yoga training, with sessions held daily from 6: 00 am to 7: 00 am. The physical fitness variables assessed included muscular strength, balance, hand - eye coordination, flexibility, breath - holding time, and BMI. Muscular strength was evaluated using the plank test, balance was assessed with the stork stand test, hand - eye coordination was measured with a ball toss and catch, flexibility was tested using the sit - and - reach test, and breath - holding time was measured using a nose clip. Pre - and post - training data were analyzed using the dependent t - test, with a significance level set at 0.05. The results indicated significant improvements in muscular strength, balance, hand - eye coordination, flexibility, and breath - holding time, along with a notable reduction in BMI after the year - long yoga training.
The Value, Realistic Challenges, and Practical Paths of Carrying out National Defense Education in Vocational College Student Apartments
Authors: Luo Zhaomao , Liu Hong , Xu Hongjun , Mou Yurui
Published: January 2025

Under the guidance of strengthening national defense education for all, the national defense education work of ordinary vocational colleges has entered the fast lane, and has achieved remarkable results and achievements in regulations, theoretical teaching, skill training, scientific research achievements, and teacher team construction. In order to further strengthen national defense education in universities, continuously expand the carrier platform and methods of national defense education, this paper analyzes the significance, current situation and shortcomings of carrying out national defense education in vocational college student apartments, and proposes targeted ways and methods to carry out national defense education, providing ideas and references for effectively improving national defense education in vocational colleges.
Artificial Intelligence: Transforming Industries, Enhancing Daily Life and Tackling Ethical Challenges
Authors: Patnaik Raja
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence AI is rapidly becoming a vital component of modern life, transforming industries and enhancing everyday experiences. From healthcare to finance and education, AIs ability to automate processes, improve efficiency, and drive innovation is reshaping the world. With advancements in machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics, AI systems are increasingly capable of performing tasks that require human intelligence. However, as AI continues to evolve, it also presents ethical and societal challenges, such as job displacement, bias, and privacy concerns. This article explores the diverse applications of AI, its impact on various sectors, and the importance of responsible AI development to ensure a fair and inclusive future.
Research and Practice on the "One Core, Two Wings" Innovation Talent Cultivation Model for Mechanical Engineering in the Context of New Engineering Education
Authors: Shi Dongyan , Song Dening , Ying Lixia , Wang Jiuqiang
Published: January 2025

Facing the challenges brought by the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation under the context of New Engineering Education, this paper proposes an innovation talent cultivation model for mechanical engineering called "One Core, Two Wings." This model aims to comprehensively enhance students' overall quality and innovation ability by constructing a curriculum system that integrates both general and specialized knowledge with a spiral development approach ("One Core"), along with a hybrid teaching organization and a practice-driven teaching model ("Two Wings"). The paper elaborates on methods for course reconstruction, including building a networked bridge connecting multi-disciplinary knowledge fragments, optimizing the integration of general engineering courses, and incorporating frontier knowledge from mechanical engineering into the specialized education curriculum. It also introduces a hybrid teaching and research organizational structure, as well as a practice-driven teaching mode, where real-world engineering problems, cases, projects, and research outcomes from industry are brought into classroom teaching through a collaborative model of industry-university cooperation. Through these innovative measures, this paper aims to provide a systematic solution for the cultivation of mechanical engineering talents, as well as for the wider New Engineering Education talent training, to foster interdisciplinary and innovative talents capable of leading technological innovation and solving complex engineering problems.