bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distributed Based Serial Regression Multiple Imputation for High Dimensional Multivariate Data in Multicore Environment of Cloud
Authors: Lavanya K.  , Reddy L.S.S. , Reddy B. Eswara
Published: March 2019

Multiple imputations (MI) are predominantly applied in such processes that are involved in the transaction of huge chunks of missing data. Multivariate data that follow traditional statistical models undergoes great suffering for the inadequate availability of pertinent data. The field of distributed computing research faces the biggest hurdle in the form of insufficient high dimensional multivariate data. It mainly deals with the analysis of parallel input problems found in the cloud computing network in general and evaluation of high-performance computing in particular. In fact, it is a tough task to utilize parallel multiple input methods for accomplishing remarkable performance as well as allowing huge datasets achieves scale. In this regard, it is essential that a credible data system is developed and a decomposition strategy is used to partition workload in the entire process for minimum data dependence. Subsequently, a moderate synchronization and/or meager communication liability is followed for placing parallel impute methods for achieving scale as well as more processes. The present article proposes many novel applications for better efficiency. As the first step, this article suggests distributed-oriented serial regression multiple imputation for enhancing the efficiency of imputation task in high dimensional multivariate normal data. As the next step, the processes done in three diverse with parallel back ends viz. Multiple imputation that used the socket method to serve serial regression and the Fork Method to distribute work over workers, and also same work experiments in dynamic structure with a load balance mechanism. In the end, the set of distributed MI methods are used to experimentally analyze amplitude of imputation scores spanning across three probable scenarios in the range of 1:500. Further, the study makes an important observation that due to the efficiency of numerous imputation methods, the data is arranged proportionately in a missing range of 10% to 50%, low to high, while dealing with data between 1000 and 100,000 samples. The experiments are done in a cloud environment and demonstrate that it is possible to generate a decent speed by lessening the repetitive communication between processors.
Factors Affecting Students' Intention Toward Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Abdulfattah Fatheia Hassan
Published: March 2019

The adoption of mobile cloud computing (MCC) in education systems still faces several obstacles due to technical, environmental, psychological, and individual issues. Considering numerous advantages associated with the adoption of MCC, this article evaluates the frequency of using MCC by students at King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU) and investigates the factors that influence student intention to use MCC. A survey approach has been used to include 163 students of KAU through a random sampling. Results showed that the attitude towards MCC, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, social influence, accessibility of technology, individual characteristics, perceived privacy, and security are all important determinants of intention to use MCC. Findings contribute towards research and practice by revealing crucial factors that impact student intention to adopt mobile cloud computing in developing countries.
A Clustering Approach to Path Planning for Big Groups
Authors: Szkandera Jakub , Kaas Ondřej , Kolingerová Ivana
Published: March 2019

The article introduces a new method of planning paths for big groups in dynamic environments represented by a graph of vertices and edges, where the edge weight as well as the graph topology may change, but the method is also applicable to environments with a different representation. The utilization of clustering enables the use of a computed path for a group of agents. In this way, a speed-up and memory savings are achieved at a cost of some path sub-optimality. Examples of proper applications of the suggested approach are crowd simulation in urban environments or path-planning-based tasks in molecular biology. The experiments showed good behaviour of the method to speed-up, relative error and online computation.
Semi-Explicit Composition Methods in Memcapacitor Circuit Simulation
Authors: Butusov Denis N. , Ostrovskii Valerii Y. , Karimov Artur I. , Andreev Valery S.
Published: March 2019

Composition algorithms make up a prospective class of methods for solving ordinary differential equations. Their main advantage is an ability to retain some properties of the simulated continuous systems, e.g. phase space volume. Meanwhile, computational costs of composition solvers for non-Hamiltonian systems are high because the implicit midpoint rule should be used as a basic method. This also complicates the development of embedded applications based on the numerical solution of ODEs, such as hardware chaos generators. In this article, a new semi-explicit composition methods are proposed. The stability regions for different composition algorithms were plotted and a memcapacitor circuit was studied as a test problem. Computational experiments reveal the superior properties of semi-explicit composition algorithms as a hardware-targeted ODE solvers. The obtained results imply that the development of semi-explicit composition algorithms is a step towards construction a new generation of simulation software for nonlinear dynamical systems and embedded chaos generators.
Chemical Activation of Dicalcium Silicate and its Use for Cement Production
Authors: Staněk Theodor , Boháč Martin , Sulovský Petr
Published: March 2019

In this work, it was found out that dicalcium silicate doped with SO3 shows higher hydraulic activity compared to pure dicalcium silicate. This finding was used to prepare and optimize high-belite cement from SO3 doped clinkers. The belite cement exhibited the same technological parameters, including short-term strengths, as ordinary Portland cement with a high content of tricalcium silicate. The clinker for belite cement is environmentally and economically advantageous. It is possible to burn the clinker at a temperature of 100 °C lower than conventional clinker and with lower consumption of calcium carbonate. In particular, methods of optical and electron microscopy were used for the research.
Structural Characterization of Immobilized Waste Forms Containing Secondary Waste from the Liquid Radioactive Waste Treatment
Authors: Ionascu Laura , Nicu Mihaela , Dragolici Felicia
Published: March 2019

Aqueous liquid radioactive waste is generated during nuclear reactor operations and during industrial and institutional application of radioisotopes. The immobilization of radioactive waste in Portland cement matrix is the most used method, applied in the world by the countries developing nuclear energy programs. The conditioning of the radioactive wastes by cementation process imposes the structural investigation by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the samples prepared with cement and different ratio of concentrate. This paper gives useful information about the influence of complexing agents related to damages produced in concrete microstructures.
A Simulation-Based Approach to Predict the Springback Behavior of Ultra-High Strength Spring Strips
Authors: Richter Karsten , Reuther Franz , Müller Roland
Published: March 2019

One effect of high influence on the dimensional accuracy during bending is springback. It inevitably occurs due to the elastic proportion in the material behavior. The impact is notably high when producing springs made of ultra-high strength spring strips of the steel grade 1.4310 (X10CrNi18-8). The high yield ratio needed to fulfil the functionalities required during application leads to dimensional inaccuracies that have to be compensated during the production process. This paper reports a simulation-based approach to predict the springback behaviour of ultra-high strength spring strips with tensile strengths TS = 1500-1800 MPa. Based on the results of advanced material testing and modelling, the numerical prediction of the springback behavior of an exemplary bending process (free bending) has been investigated in detail. This helps to obtain deeper knowledge and understanding of the springback phenomenon and to achieve suitable strategies for a more efficient industrial tool and process design while processing ultra-high strength spring strips.
Central Roles of OX40L–OX40 Interaction in the Induction and Progression of Human T Cell–Driven Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Tripathi Trivendra , Yin Wenjie , Xue Yaming , Zurawski Sandra , Fujita Haruyuki , Hanabuchi Shino , Liu Yong-Jun , Oh SangKon , Joo HyeMee
Published: March 2019

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the major obstacles for the success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this article, we report that the interaction between OX40L and OX40 is of critical importance for both induction and progression of acute GVHD (aGVHD) driven by human T cells. Anti-human OX40L mAb (hOX40L) treatment could thus effectively reduce the disease severity in a xenogeneic-aGVHD model in both preventative and therapeutic modes. Mechanistically, blocking OX40L–OX40 interaction with an anti-hOX40L reduces infiltration of human T cells in target organs, including liver, gut, lung, and skin. It also decreases IL-21– and TNF-producing T cell responses while promoting regulatory T cell responses without compromising the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells. Single blockade of hOX40L was thus more effective than dual blockade of IL-21 and TNF in reducing the severity of aGVHD as well as mortality. Data from this study indicate that OX40L–OX40 interactions play a central role in the pathogenesis of aGVHD induced by human T cells. Therapeutic strategies that can efficiently interrupt OX40L–OX40 interaction in patients might have potential to provide patients with an improved clinical benefit.
Link cobordisms and absolute gradings on link Floer homology
Authors: Zemke Ian
Published: March 2019

We show that the link cobordism maps defined by the author are graded and satisfy a grading change formula. Using the grading change formula, we prove a new bound for

\Upsilon_K(t)

for knot cobordisms in negative definite 4-manifolds. As another application, we show that the link cobordism maps associated to a connected, closed surface in

S^4

are determined by the genus of the surface. We also prove a new adjunction relation and adjunction inequality for the link cobordism maps. Along the way, we see how many known results in Heegaard Floer homology can be proven using basic properties of the link cobordism maps, together with the grading change formula.
Modelización matemática en la educación secundaria: manual de uso
Authors: Gallart Cesar , Ferrando Palomares Irene , García Raffi Lluís Miquel
Published: March 2019

Uno de los principales problemas que surgen al trasladar una tarea de modelización matemática al aula de secundaria es la falta de una descripción detallada, desde la perspectiva de la didáctica, que ayude y oriente al profesor en servicio en la implementación de este tipo de actividad: los objetivos de aprendizaje que se persiguen; su encaje dentro del curriculo oficial; el tipo de tareas que permiten alcanzar estos objetivos; cómo realizar su evaluación o qué metodología utilizar. En este artículo abordaremos todos estos aspectos a partir de una experiencia de aula, detallando cada una de las fases implicadas en una actividad de modelización.
Feeding Patterns and Parental Perceptions of Feeding Issues of Preterm Infants in the First 2 Years of Life
Authors: Howe Tsu-Hsin , Sheu Ching-Fan , Wang Tien-Ni
Published: March 2019

We explored parental feeding practices, feeding issues during the first 2 yr of life, and the relationship between feeding issues and levels of maternal distress in preterm infants. Four hundred twenty mothers (239 with preterm infants, 181 with full-term infants) participated in the study. The Behavior-Based Feeding Questionnaire for Infants With Premature History and the Parenting Stress Index–Chinese Version were used as the two outcome measures. The results indicated that preterm infants had different feeding experiences compared with their full-term counterparts. They tended to start solid food later in life and had limited experiences in food variation. Parenting stress was prevalent in parents with preterm infants and was associated with the frequency of feeding issues, especially at later ages when supplementary foods were being introduced.
Leveza e peso na mediação comercial internacional : o conteúdo jurídico do acordo corporativo mediado e sua incorporação pelo direito brasileiro
Authors: Farias Guedes Henrique Lenon
Published: March 2019

Identificando uma lacuna doutrinária sobre mediação comercial internacional, a qual justifica a proposta de pesquisa, este artigo pretende responder ao seguinte problema: o acordo corporativo mediado no estrangeiro tem efeitos diretos no Brasil? A hipótese é que, embora não haja necessidade de homologação, há instrumentos processuais, no direito brasileiro, capazes de obstar essa livre recepção. Inicialmente o texto aborda a difícil conceituação de mediação tanto no âmbito do direito internacional público quanto no direito do comércio internacional, fazendo referências à doutrina especializada. Em seguida, investiga o conteúdo jurídico da mediação no Brasil, focando na legislação sobre o tema. Depois, busca identificar se o direito brasileiro trata a mediação estrangeira e como poderia, no atual contexto normativo, receber acordos realizados em outros países, com referências à Lei de Mediação, ao Código de Processo Civil, à Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro e a precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Por fim, tenta encontrar subsídios complementares à análise do tema, nos trabalhos – não necessariamente nos tratados – da Conferência da Haia de Direito Internacional Privado e da Comissão das Nações Unidas Sobre Direito do Comércio Internacional, entidades especializadas de que o Brasil participa ativamente. A partir dos elementos descritos nessas seções, em síntese, o artigo, aplicando método hipotético-dedutivo, debate os limites à recepção doméstica dos acordos corporativos mediados no estrangeiro. Afinal, confirmando a hipótese, o artigo propõe uma alteração da Lei de Mediação, explicitando os critérios de nacionalidade do acordo corporativo mediado, o tratamento do direito brasileiro em matéria de execução e outros temas de direito internacional privado, evitando discussões protelatórias que maculariam a atratividade da mediação e prejudicariam a continuidade espacial da boa-fé.
O Acordo de Escazú e o acesso à informação ambiental no Brasil
Authors: Bezerra Queiroz Ribeiro Érica , Amaral Machado Bruno
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a influência do Acordo Regional sobre Acesso à Informação, Participação Pública e Acesso à Justiça em Assuntos Ambientais na América Latina e no Caribe (Acordo de Escazú) no exercício do direito de acesso à informação ambiental no Brasil. O foco da análise recai sobre dois conceitos inseridos no Acordo: a vulnerabilidade de pessoas ou grupos sociais usuários da informação ambiental e o teste de interesse público para acesso a informações de interesse particular. Ao determinar a oferta de orientação e assistência a pessoas ou grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade, o Acordo consolida precedentes do sistema interamericano de proteção dos direitos humanos, que, associados à isenção de custos de reprodução de documentos e à disponibilização de dados e informações em diferentes formatos, línguas e canais, visam garantir influência efetiva nas decisões em matéria de proteção ambiental. O teste de interesse público, enquanto raciocínio para o balanceamento do interesse público em entregar a informação ambiental em contraposição ao interesse privado em proteger a informação de interesse particular, é discutido a partir das experiências americana, irlandesa e mexicana, bem como de disposição análoga inserida na legislação brasileira. Considerando a suficiência do quadro jurídico brasileiro para acesso à informação ambiental no que toca aos procedimentos, prazos, competências e condições para promoção da transparência ambiental, os conceitos advindos do Acordo são considerados, em boa medida, inovações jurídicas relevantes, as quais poderão ensejar significativo incremento da transparência ambiental.
A nova Lei de Migração e a proteção conferida ao apátrida: alinhamento brasileiro ao padrão internacional de direitos humanos
Authors: De Faria Barbosa Pedro Henrique , Loreto Sylvio
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo insere-se no campo de estudo dos direitos humanos, focando-se na aplicação do mesmo na questão da proteção aos apátridas. Seu objetivo principal é a análise do tratamento do tópico no cenário internacional e como o Brasil aborda tal tópico no contexto da nova Lei de Migração. Tal análise é desenvolvida por meio de uma abordagem histórico-jurídica da proteção aos apátridas no regime internacional de direitos humanos, principalmente no que se refere à atuação do ACNUR. Em sequência, são feitas considerações sobre a atual configuração da proteção aos apátridas no direito brasileiro com a promulgação da nova Lei de Migração. Desse estudo resulta a verificação dos desafios para a adequada aplicabilidade dos direitos e garantias previstos aos apátridas no contexto nacional e aponta para conclusões no sentido da necessidade de maior atenção ao mecanismos de concretização de tais garantias no país.
A novel approach for characterizing the variability in mass–dimension relationships: results from MC3E
Authors: Finlon Joseph A. , McFarquhar Greg M. , Nesbitt Stephen W. , Rauber Robert M. , Morrison Hugh , Wu Wei , Zhang Pengfei
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Mass–dimension (m–D) relationships determining bulk
microphysical properties such as total water content (TWC) and radar
reflectivity factor (Z) from particle size distributions are used in both
numerical models and remote sensing retrievals. The a and b coefficients
representing m=aDb relationships, however, can vary significantly
depending on meteorological conditions, particle habits, the definition of
particle maximum dimension, the probes used to obtain the data, techniques
used to process the cloud probe data, and other unknown reasons. Thus,
considering a range of a,b coefficients may be more applicable for use in
numerical models and remote sensing retrievals. Microphysical data collected
by two-dimensional optical array probes (OAPs) installed on the University of
North Dakota (UND) Citation aircraft during the Mid-latitude Continental Convective
Clouds Experiment (MC3E) were used in conjunction with TWC data from a
Nevzorov probe and ground-based S-band radar data to determine a and b
using a technique that minimizes the chi-square difference between the TWC and
Z derived from the OAPs and those directly measured by a TWC probe and
radar. All a and b values within a specified tolerance were regarded as equally
plausible solutions. Of the 16 near-constant-temperature flight legs analyzed
during the 25 April, 20 May, and 23 May 2011 events, the derived surfaces of
solutions on the first 2 days where the aircraft-sampled stratiform cloud
had a larger range in a and b for lower temperature environments that
correspond to less variability in N(D), TWC, and Z for a flight leg.
Because different regions of the storm were sampled on 23 May, differences in
the variability in N(D), TWC, and Z influenced the distribution of
chi-square values in the (a,b) phase space and the specified tolerance in a
way that yielded 2.8 times fewer plausible solutions compared to the flight
legs on the other dates. These findings show the importance of representing
the variability in a,b coefficients for numerical modeling and remote
sensing studies, rather than assuming fixed values, as well as the need to
further explore how these surfaces depend on environmental conditions in
clouds containing ice hydrometeors.
Characteristics of biogenically-derived aerosols over the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Jung Jinyoung , Hong Sang-Bum , Chen Meilian , Hur Jin , Jiao Liping , Lee Youngju , Park Keyhong , Hahm Doshik , Choi Jung-Ok , Yang Eun Jin , Park Jisoo , Kim Tae-Wan , Lee Sanghoon
Published: March 2019

Abstract. To investigate the influence of marine biological activity on aerosols, aerosol and seawater samples were collected over the Southern Ocean (43° S−70° S) and the Amundsen Sea (70° S−75° S) during the ANA06B cruise conducted in the austral summer of 2016 aboard the Korean icebreaker IBR/V Araon. Over the Southern Ocean, atmospheric methanesulfonic acid (MSA) concentration was low (0.10 ± 0.002 µg m−3), whereas its concentration increased sharply up to 0.57 µg m−3 in the Amundsen Sea where Phaeocystis antarctica (P. antarctica), a producer of dimethylsulfide (DMS), was the dominant phytoplankton species. Unlike MSA, mean non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42−) concentration in the Amundsen Sea was comparable to that in the Southern Ocean, suggesting significant influences of marine biological activity on atmospheric sulfur species in the Amundsen Sea. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) concentrations over the Southern Ocean and the Amundsen Sea varied from 0.048–0.16 µgC m−3 and 0.070–0.18 µgC m−3, with averages of 0.087 ± 0.038 µgC m−3 and 0.097 ± 0.038 µgC m−3, respectively. For water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC), its mean concentrations over the Southern Ocean and the Amundsen Sea were 0.25 ± 0.13 µgC m−3 and 0.26 ± 0.10 µgC m−3, varying from 0.083–0.49 µgC m−3 and 0.12–0.38 µgC m−3, respectively. WIOC was the dominant organic carbon species in both the Southern Ocean and the Amundsen Sea, accounting for 73–75 % of total aerosol organic carbon. WSOC and WIOC were highly enriched in the submicron sea spray particles, especially in the Amundsen Sea where biological productivity was much higher than the Southern Ocean. In addition, the submicron WIOC concentration was quite related to the relative biomass of P. antarctica, suggesting that extracellular polysaccharide mucus produced by P. antarctica was a significant factor affecting atmospheric WIOC concentration in the Amundsen Sea. The fluorescence properties of WSOC investigated using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) revealed that protein-like components were dominant in our marine aerosol samples, representing 69–91 % of the total intensity. Protein-like components also showed positive relationships with the relative biomass of diatoms; however, they were negatively correlated with the relative biomass of P. antarctica. These results suggest that protein-like components are most likely produced as a result of biological processes of diatoms, which play a crucial role in forming the submicron WSOC observed over the Southern Ocean and the Amundsen Sea, and that phytoplankton community structure is a significant factor affecting atmospheric organic carbon species. The results from this study provide significant new observational data on biogenically-derived sulfur and organic carbon species in the Amundsen Sea.
Planktonic foraminiferal spine versus shell carbonate Na incorporation in relation to salinity
Authors: Mezger Eveline M. , de Nooijer Lennart J. , Bertlich Jacqueline , Bijma Jelle , Nürnberg Dirk , Reichart Gert-Jan
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Sea surface salinity is one of the most important parameters to
reconstruct in paleoclimatology, reflecting amongst other things the hydrological
cycle, paleodensity, ice volume, and regional and global circulation of
water masses. Recent culture studies and a Red Sea field study revealed a
significant positive relation between salinity and Na incorporation within
benthic and planktonic foraminiferal shells. However, these studies reported
varying partitioning of Na between and within the same species. The latter
could be associated with ontogenetic variations, most likely spine loss.
Varying Na concentrations were observed in different parts of foraminiferal
shells, with spines and regions close to the primary organic
sheet being especially enriched in Na. In this study, we unravel the Na composition of
different components of the planktonic foraminiferal shell wall using
electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) and solution ICP-MS. A model is
presented to interpret EPMA data for spines and spine bases to
quantitatively assess differences in composition and contribution to whole-shell Na∕Ca signals. The same model can also be applied to other spatial
inhomogeneities observed in foraminiferal shell chemistry, like elemental
(e.g., Mg, Na, S) banding and/or hotspots. The relative contribution of shell
carbonate, organic linings, spines and spine bases to whole-shell Na
chemistry is considered quantitatively. This study shows that whereas the
high Na areas may be susceptible to taphonomic alterations, the Na chemistry
of the shell itself seems relatively robust. Comparing both shell and spine
Na∕Ca values with salinity shows that shell chemistry records salinity,
albeit with a very modest slope.
Contrasting effects of acidification and warming on dimethylsulfide concentrations during a temperate estuarine fall bloom mesocosm experiment
Authors: Bénard Robin , Levasseur Maurice , Scarratt Michael , Michaud Sonia , Starr Michel , Mucci Alfonso , Ferreyra Gustavo , Gosselin Michel , Tremblay Jean-Éric , Lizotte Martine , Yang Gui-Peng
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The effects of ocean acidification and warming on the concentrations of
dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) were investigated
during a mesocosm experiment in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary (LSLE) in the
fall of 2014. Twelve mesocosms covering a range of pHT (pH on the
total hydrogen ion concentration scale) from 8.0 to 7.2, corresponding to a
range of CO2 partial pressures (pCO2) from 440
to 2900 µatm, at two temperatures (in situ and +5 ∘C; 10
and 15 ∘C) were monitored during 13 days. All mesocosms were
characterized by the rapid development of a diatom bloom dominated by
Skeletonema costatum, followed by its decline upon the exhaustion of
nitrate and silicic acid. Neither the acidification nor the warming resulted
in a significant impact on the abundance of bacteria over the experiment.
However, warming the water by 5 ∘C resulted in a significant
increase in the average bacterial production (BP) in all 15 ∘C
mesocosms as compared to 10 ∘C, with no detectable effect of
pCO2 on BP. Variations in total DMSP
(DMSPt = particulate + dissolved DMSP) concentrations
tracked the development of the bloom, although the rise in DMSPt
persisted for a few days after the peaks in chlorophyll a. Average
concentrations of DMSPt were not affected by acidification or
warming. Initially low concentrations of DMS (<1 nmol L−1)
increased to reach peak values ranging from 30 to 130 nmol L−1 towards
the end of the experiment. Increasing the pCO2 reduced the
averaged DMS concentrations by 66 % and 69 % at 10 and
15 ∘C, respectively, over the duration of the experiment. On the
other hand, a 5 ∘C warming increased DMS concentrations by an
average of 240 % as compared to in situ temperature, resulting in a
positive offset of the adverse pCO2 impact. Significant
positive correlations found between bacterial production and concentrations
of DMS throughout our experiment point towards temperature-associated
enhancement of bacterial DMSP metabolism as a likely driver of the mitigating
effect of warming on the negative impact of acidification on the net
production of DMS in the LSLE and potentially the global ocean.
Reviews and syntheses: How do abiotic and biotic processes respond to climatic variations at the Nam Co catchment (Tibetan Plateau)?
Authors: Anslan Sten , Azizi Rad Mina , Buckel Johannes , Echeverria Galindo Paula , Kai Jinlei , Kang Wengang , Keys Laura , Maurischat Philipp , Nieberding Felix , Reinosch Eike , Tang Handuo , Tran Tuong Vi , Wang Yuyang , Schwalb Antje
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is the largest alpine plateau on Earth and plays an important role in global climate dynamics. On the TP, climate change is happening particularly fast, with an increase in air temperature twice the global average. The particular sensitivity of this high mountainous environment allows the observation and tracking of abiotic and biotic feedback mechanisms. Closed lake systems, such as the Nam Co on the central TP represent important natural laboratories for tracking past and recent climatic oscillations, as well as geobiological processes and interactions within their respective catchments. This review gives an interdisciplinary overview of modern and paleoenvironmental changes, focusing on Nam Co as model system. In the catchment area, the steep rise in air temperature forced glaciers to melt, leading to a rise in lake levels and changes in water chemistry. Some studies base their conclusions on inconsistent glacier inventories but an ever-increasing deglaciation and thus higher water availability have persisted over the last decades. The enhanced water availability causes translocation of sediments, nutrients and dissolved organic matter to the lake, as well as higher carbon emissions to the atmosphere. The intensity of grazing has a significant effect on CO2 fluxes, with moderate grazing enhancing belowground allocation of carbon while adversely affecting the C-sink potential through reduction of above- and subsurface biomass at higher grazing intensities. Furthermore, increasing pressure from human activities and livestock grazing are enhancing grassland degradation processes, thus shaping biodiversity patterns in the lake and catchment. The environmental signal provided by taxon-specific analysis (e.g. diatoms and ostracods) in Nam Co have revealed profound climatic fluctuations between warmer/cooler and wetter/drier periods since the late Pleistocene and an increasing input of freshwater and nutrients from the catchment in recent years. Based on the reviewed literature, we outline perspectives to further understand the effects of global warming on geo- and biodiversity and their interplay in the Lake Nam Co, which acts as a case study for potentially TP-wide processes that are currently shaping the earth’s future.
The limits to northern peatland carbon stocks
Authors: Alexandrov Georgii A. , Brovkin Victor A. , Kleinen Thomas , Yu Zicheng
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Northern peatlands have been a persistent natural carbon sink since the last glacial maximum. If there were no limits to their growth, carbon accumulation in these ecosystems could offset a large portion of anthropogenic carbon emissions until the end of the present interglacial period. Evaluation of the limits to northern peatland carbon stocks shows that northern peatlands will potentially play an important role, second only to the oceans, in reducing the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration to the level that is typical of interglacial periods if cumulative anthropogenic carbon emissions will be kept below 1000 Pg of carbon.
An energy balance model for paleoclimate transitions
Authors: Dortmans Brady , Langford William F. , Willms Allan R.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. A new energy balance model (EBM) is presented and is used to study paleoclimate
transitions. While most previous EBMs only dealt with the globally averaged climate, this
new EBM has three variants: Arctic, Antarctic and tropical climates. The EBM incorporates
the greenhouse warming effects of both carbon dioxide and water vapour, and also includes
ice–albedo feedback and evapotranspiration. The main conclusion to be inferred from this
EBM is that the climate system may possess multiple equilibrium states, both warm and
frozen, which coexist mathematically. While the actual climate can exist in only one of
these states at any given time, the EBM suggests that climate can undergo transitions
between the states via mathematical saddle-node bifurcations. This paper proposes that
such bifurcations have actually occurred in Paleoclimate transitions. The EBM is applied
to the study of the Pliocene paradox, the glaciation of Antarctica and
the so-called warm, equable climate problem of both the mid-Cretaceous Period
and the Eocene Epoch. In all cases, the EBM is in qualitative agreement with the
geological record.
FESOM-C v.2: coastal dynamics on hybrid unstructured meshes
Authors: Androsov Alexey , Fofonova Vera , Kuznetsov Ivan , Danilov Sergey , Rakowsky Natalja , Harig Sven , Brix Holger , Wiltshire Karen Helen
Published: March 2019

Abstract. We describe FESOM-C, the
coastal branch of the Finite-volumE Sea ice – Ocean Model (FESOM2), which
shares with FESOM2 many numerical aspects, in particular its finite-volume
cell-vertex discretization. Its dynamical core differs in the implementation
of time stepping, the use of a terrain-following vertical coordinate, and the
formulation for hybrid meshes composed of triangles and quads. The first two
distinctions were critical for coding FESOM-C as an independent branch. The
hybrid mesh capability improves numerical efficiency, since quadrilateral
cells have fewer edges than triangular cells. They do not suffer from
spurious inertial modes of the triangular cell-vertex discretization and need
less dissipation. The hybrid mesh capability allows one to use
quasi-quadrilateral unstructured meshes, with triangular cells included only
to join quadrilateral patches of different resolution or instead of strongly
deformed quadrilateral cells. The description of the model numerical part is
complemented by test cases illustrating the model performance.
Impact of glacier loss and vegetation succession on annual basin runoff
Authors: Carnahan Evan , Amundson Jason M. , Hood Eran
Published: March 2019

Abstract. We use a simplified glacier-landscape model to investigate the degree to
which basin topography, climate regime, and vegetation succession impact
centennial variations in basin runoff during glacier retreat. In all
simulations, annual basin runoff initially increases as water is released
from glacier storage but ultimately decreases to below preretreat levels due
to increases in evapotranspiration and decreases in orographic precipitation.
We characterize the long-term (> 200 years) annual basin runoff curves with
four metrics: the magnitude and timing of peak basin runoff, the time to
preretreat basin runoff, and the magnitude of end basin runoff. We find that
basin slope and climate regime have strong impacts on the magnitude and
timing of peak basin runoff. Shallow sloping basins exhibit a later and
larger peak basin runoff than steep basins and, similarly, continental
glaciers produce later and larger peak basin runoff compared to maritime
glaciers. Vegetation succession following glacier loss has little impact on
the peak basin runoff but becomes increasingly important as time progresses,
with more rapid and extensive vegetation leading to shorter times to
preretreat basin runoff and lower levels of end basin runoff. We suggest that
differences in the magnitude and timing of peak basin runoff in our
simulations can largely be attributed to glacier dynamics: glaciers with long
response times (i.e., those that respond slowly to climate change) are pushed
farther out of equilibrium for a given climate forcing and produce larger
variations in basin runoff than glaciers with short response times. Overall,
our results demonstrate that glacier dynamics and vegetation succession
should receive roughly equal attention when assessing the impacts of glacier
mass loss on water resources.
Tertiary Dentine Frequencies in Extant Great Apes and Fossil Hominins
Authors: Towle Ian
Published: March 2019

Tertiary dentine forms when an odontoblast is directly affected by stimuli, commonly through occlusal wear and caries. In this study the presence of tertiary dentine was recorded in three South African fossil hominin species (Australopithecus africanus, Homo naledi and Paranthropus robustus), and two extant great ape species (Gorilla gorilla gorilla and Pan troglodytes). Frequencies of tertiary dentine were calculated for each species based on macroscopic observations of teeth with dentine exposed through occlusal wear. Overall, the three hominin species have similar tertiary dentine frequencies ranging from 12% to 16.13%. In contrast, over 90% of permanent gorilla teeth with dentine visible show tertiary dentine. Chimpanzees fall between these extremes, with 47.21% of permanent teeth affected. Deciduous teeth follow the same pattern. Species variances are not related to differences in occlusal wear. Instead, some species appear predisposed to produce tertiary dentine earlier/faster, or more often, than other species. Therefore, tertiary dentine formation has the potential to provide useful information on fossil specimens. For example, the uniformly low frequency of tertiary dentine formation in hominins may relate to diet, or be due to thick enamel having a similar role in preventing loss of function of teeth, i.e., extending the life of a tooth. In contrast, tertiary dentine is clearly an important mechanism for normal dental function in gorillas, and may have evolved to help maintain shearing function.
BENEFÍCIOS FUNCIONAIS DO CACAU (Theobroma cacao) E SEUS DERIVADOS
Authors: RIBAS Heloisa De Oliveira , GONÇALVES Danyellen Staut , MAZUR Caryna Eurich
Published: March 2019

O cacau (Theobroma cacao) é um fruto originário da América do Sul e da América Central popular pela sua rica concentração de compostos fenólicos, seu sabor e por ser matéria prima do chocolate. Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo apresentar os benefícios provindos do cacau e seus componentes na saúde dos consumidores. Para isso foram reunidos artigos superiores ao ano de 2009. Os resultados comprovaram que o cacau em uma dieta balanceada tem efeito antioxidante, antiaterosclerótico, previne dislipidemias e pode ter influência contra o envelhecimento dérmico. Portanto consumido de forma adequada e em uma dieta balanceada pode trazer benefícios para o sistema cardiovascular, ter influência em dislipidemias e retardar o envelhecimento cutâneo.
USO DA FARINHA DA CASCA DO MARACUJÁ AMARELO (PASSIFLORA EDULIS F. FLAVICARPA DEG. - FAMÍLIA PASSIFLORACEAE) NA FORMULAÇÃO DE MACARRÃO CASEIRO
Authors: COSTA B. B. , DE LIZ F. R. , FERREIRA J. G. , SANTOS R. C. , GONÇALVES T. H. , BALBI M. E.
Published: March 2019

O presente trabalho teve como foco a elaboração de um macarrão adicionado de farinha de casca de maracujá, visando comparar os resultados da determinação de componentes nutricionais (umidade, proteínas, lipídios, fibras, minerais e carboidratos) com uma alimentação mais saudável. Os frutos foram obtidos na região metropolitana de Curitiba e o macarrão produzido de acordo com receita a base de farinha de trigo e ovos, sendo adicionada cerca de 7 % de farinha de casca de maracujá. Os testes de determinação nutricional comprovaram uma boa quantidade de fibras no produto final, caracterizando assim uma possível alternativa para uma alimentação mais saudável. Também foi realizada avaliação das características sensoriais do produto, que apresentou resultados medianos, considerados suficientes para o que diz respeito a esse trabalho.
EVIDÊNCIAS DA MAMA PUERPERAL POR TERMOGRAFIA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Heberle Anita Batista dos Santos , Nohama Percy , Pelloso Sandra Marisa
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: analisar a temperatura da mama puerperal utilizando termografia por infravermelho.Método: estudo realizado no Banco de Leite Humano de um Hospital de Curitiba em 2011. Selecionou-se aleatoriamente uma lactante com ingurgitamento bilateral nos quadrantes externos das mamas, e inspecionou-se a temperatura.Resultados: encontrou-se um lobo mamário macio com assimetria térmica de 1,5ºC, comparado à região contralateral, mas não se identificou assimetria térmica na temperatura geral entre as mamas.Conclusão: este caso sugere que assimetria térmica na mama puerperal está relacionada ao volume de leite nos lobos e não a disfunções ou patologias nesses lobos. O estudo abre perspectivas para aprofundamento da compreensão da fisiologia lactacional com a ampliação do grupo amostral avaliado nesta pesquisa. A termografia é uma técnica adequada às lactantes, mas requer sala apropriada, tempo para aclimatação e conhecimento da anatomia mamária.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E CLÍNICO DE MULHERES COM CÂNCER NO TRATO GENITAL SUBMETIDAS À RADIOTERAPIA
Authors: Silva Anizelle Aline Lopes da , Rosa Luciana Martins da , Schoeller Soraia Dornelles , Radünz Vera , Martins Maria Manuela , Fernandes Henriqueta Ilda Verganista Martins , Duarte Érica Bernardes
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de mulheres com câncer no trato genital submetidas à radioterapia no Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas entre 2010 e 2014.Método: estudo ecológico realizado em 880 arquivos do Registro Hospitalar de Câncer. A análise ocorreu por estatística descritiva, com cálculo de taxa de prevalência.Resultados: a maior incidência, 204 casos (23,18%) ocorreu na faixa etária dos 40-49 anos; com maior taxa de prevalência dos 60 a 69 anos, 165 casos (82,28%) para cada 100.000 mulheres. Estádio III com 315 casos (35,8%), topografia colo do útero com 695 casos (78,97%) e respectivas taxas de prevalências 12,97%, 28,61%. Dos casos de câncer do colo do útero, 274 (39,77%) foram procedentes da Grande Florianópolis e 99 (14,37%) da macrorregião Sul.Conclusão: reafirma-se a magnitude do câncer do colo do útero, a necessidade das políticas públicas para prevenção da doença e do diagnóstico precoce das lesões pré-neoplásicas e/ou neoplásicas.
ESPIRITUALIDADE E RELIGIOSIDADE NO CUIDADO EM SAÚDE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Thiengo Priscila Cristina Da Silva , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Das Mercês Magno Conceição Conceição , Couto Pablo Luiz Santos , França Luiz Carlos Moraes , Da Silva Alba Nunes
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: descrever como a saúde, espiritualidade e religiosidade são abordadas nas publicações científicas nacionais.Método: revisão integrativa de literatura no período entre 2011 e 2016, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde em novembro de 2017, utilizando os descritores: “Saúde”, “Espiritualidade”, “Religiosidade”.Resultados: para a análise, segundo os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, foram selecionados 30 artigos e identificadas quatro categorias: Conceitos e concepções de religiosidade e espiritualidade; Religiosidade e espiritualidade como estratégias de enfrentamento da doença; Necessidade de suporte espiritual; e Falta de preparo profissional. Verificou-se a relevância da dimensão espiritual na assistência e a necessidade de integralizar todas as dimensões do ser humano: biopsíquica, espiritual e social.Conclusão: foram encontrados estudos que sugerem que algumas práticas religiosas são capazes de proporcionar tanto aspectos positivos quanto negativos na saúde física e mental dos seus praticantes.
O ENFERMEIRO NOS PROGRAMAS DE GERENCIAMENTO DO USO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Felix Adriana Maria da Silva , Toffolo Sandra Regina
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: investigar na literatura publicações acerca da participação do enfermeiro nos programas de gestão do uso de antimicrobianos.Método: revisão integrativa com busca nas bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on Line, Literatura Latino-Americana de Ciências da Saúde e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Como critérios de inclusão, foram selecionados artigos disponíveis na íntegra, publicados entre janeiro de 2007 e maio de 2018, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol.Resultados: foram encontrados 140 artigos, 12 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, e foram organizados em três categorias: “competências do enfermeiro nos programas de gestão do uso de antimicrobianos” (cinco artigos), “déficit de conhecimento e necessidade de capacitação” (seis artigos) e “ação sistêmica” (um artigo).Conclusão: os enfermeiros podem contribuir de forma substancial com os Programas de Gerenciamento do uso de Antimicrobianos, porém são necessárias ações educacionais, pesquisas e políticas públicas para que a sua participação seja efetiva.
CONTEXTO DA VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL EM TEMPOS DE MARIA DA PENHA: UM ESTUDO EM GROUNDED THEORY
Authors: Carneiro Jordana Brock , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Campos Luana Moura , Gomes Nildete Pereira , Cunha Kamylla Santos da , Virgens Ionara Da Rocha , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: desvelar o contexto da violência conjugal experienciados por mulheres em processo judicial. Método: pesquisa qualitativa baseada na Grounded Theory, realizado com 29 mulheres em processo judicial por violência conjugal e os nove profissionais que atuam junto a duas Varas de Justiça pela Paz em Casa, na Bahia, Brasil. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no período de janeiro a maio de 2015. Resultados: em que pese a Lei Maria da Penha, o estudo revela que as relações conjugais das mulheres são permeadas por abusos físicos, sexuais, psicológicos, morais e patrimoniais, inclusive expulsão do lar. Conclusão: o contexto de violência experienciado na conjugalidade feminina se manifesta de diferentes formas, passíveis de identificação por profissionais de saúde, o que possibilita ação de cuidado à mulher e enfrentamento da problemática.
Evaluation of a mentorship program for new and more-experienced nursing faculty
Authors: Lavoie-Tremblay Mélanie , Maheu Christine , Octeau Daphné , Primeau Gilbert , Lavigne Genevieve L.
Published: March 2019

Objective: Evaluation of a nursing faculty mentorship program available to every faculty member regardless of seniority.Methods: Design: The faculty mentorship program was developed and implemented in a university-affiliated nursing department in Montreal in 2018. Mentors and mentees evaluated the program using self-reported surveys one-year post-implementation. The surveys addressed three main themes: (a) determining goals of the mentoring partnership; (b) overall level of satisfaction with the program; and (c) characteristics of each dyad’s mentoring agreement (strategies used to communicate, where the dyads met, etc.). Method: Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted.Results: A total of 19 mentees and 15 mentors completed the survey. The program was judged to be a worthwhile use of time by 89% of mentees and 93% of mentors. Even though specific mentoring needs differed according to seniority level, the program was shown to be beneficial to both less-experienced and more-experienced faculty. The main barriers to mentorship that were identified were related to timing, scheduling and time commitment issues. Clinical relevance: A successful mentorship program aimed at fostering relationships between nursing faculty members, regardless of seniority, has the potential to improve the productivity of a healthy workplace including the quality of both teaching and research.Conclusions: The mentorship program proposed herein was found to be useful and effective, as well as being beneficial as much for younger as for more experienced faculty members.