bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenome-wide analyses identify an association between the parent-of-origin effects dependent methylome and the rate of aging in humans
Authors: Gao Chenhao , Amador Carmen , Walker Rosie M. , Campbell Archie , Madden Rebecca A. , Adams Mark J. , Bai Xiaomeng , Liu Ying , Li Miaoxin , Hayward Caroline , Porteous David J. , Shen Xueyi , Evans Kathryn L. , Haley Chris S. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Navarro Pau , Zeng Yanni
Published: May 2023

Background

The variation in the rate at which humans age may be rooted in early events acting through the genomic regions that are influenced by such events and subsequently are related to health phenotypes in later life. The parent-of-origin-effect (POE)-regulated methylome includes regions enriched for genetically controlled imprinting effects (the typical type of POE) and regions influenced by environmental effects associated with parents (the atypical POE). This part of the methylome is heavily influenced by early events, making it a potential route connecting early exposures, the epigenome, and aging. We aim to test the association of POE-CpGs with early and later exposures and subsequently with health-related phenotypes and adult aging.

Results

We perform a phenome-wide association analysis for the POE-influenced methylome using GS:SFHS (Ndiscovery = 5087, Nreplication = 4450). We identify and replicate 92 POE-CpG-phenotype associations. Most of the associations are contributed by the POE-CpGs belonging to the atypical class where the most strongly enriched associations are with aging (DNAmTL acceleration), intelligence, and parental (maternal) smoking exposure phenotypes. A proportion of the atypical POE-CpGs form co-methylation networks (modules) which are associated with these phenotypes, with one of the aging-associated modules displaying increased within-module methylation connectivity with age. The atypical POE-CpGs also display high levels of methylation heterogeneity, fast information loss with age, and a strong correlation with CpGs contained within epigenetic clocks.

Conclusions

These results identify the association between the atypical POE-influenced methylome and aging and provide new evidence for the “early development of origin” hypothesis for aging in humans.
Peripheral precocious puberty in Li–Fraumeni syndrome: a case report and literature review of pure androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumors
Authors: Ryckx Sofie , De Schepper Jean , Giron Philippe , Maes Ken , Vaeyens Freya , Wilgenhof Kaat , Lefesvre Pierre , Ernst Caroline , Vanderlinden Kim , Klink Daniel , Hes Frederik , Vanbesien Jesse , Gies Inge , Staels Willem
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Pure androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumors are a rare but important cause of peripheral precocious puberty.

Case presentation

Here, we report a pure androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumor in a 2.5-year-old boy presenting with penile enlargement, pubic hair, frequent erections, and rapid linear growth. We confirmed the diagnosis through laboratory tests, medical imaging, and histology. Furthermore, genetic testing detected a pathogenic germline variant in the TP53 gene, molecularly confirming underlying Li–Fraumeni syndrome.

Discussion

Only 15 well-documented cases of pure androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumors have been reported so far. No clinical or imaging signs were identified to differentiate adenomas from carcinomas, and no other cases of Li–Fraumeni syndrome were diagnosed in the four patients that underwent genetic testing. However, diagnosing Li–Fraumeni syndrome is important as it implies a need for intensive tumor surveillance and avoidance of ionizing radiation.

Conclusion

In this article, we emphasize the need to screen for TP53 gene variants in children with androgen-producing adrenal adenomas and report an association with arterial hypertension.
Studies in differentiating psoriasis from other dermatoses using small data set and transfer learning
Authors: Nieniewski Mariusz , Chmielewski Leszek J. , Patrzyk Sebastian , Woźniacka Anna
Published: May 2023

Psoriasis is a common skin disorder that should be differentiated from other dermatoses if an effective treatment has to be applied. Regions of Interests, or scans for short, of diseased skin are processed by the VGG16 (or VGG19) deep convolutional neural network operating as a feature extractor. 1280 features related to a given scan are passed to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier using Radial Basis Functions (RBF) kernels. The main quality of the described setup is a very small number of 75 psoriasis patients and 75 non-psoriasis patients used in the teaching and testing sets taken together. For each patient, a variable number of clinical images are taken. Then, the scans of size $$256 \times 256$$

256
×
256

pixels are cropped from these images. There are 1988 scans of psoriasis patients and 1582 of non-psoriasis patients. The other quality of the described setup is the use of transfer learning for carrying over the neural network’s weights from non-medical domain (ImageNet) to clinical images of dermatoses. The next quality is that the input images are obtained with smart phone cameras without any special arrangements or equipment, so there is a great variability in working conditions, which hampers discriminative power of the classifier. The primary classification is carried out on individual scans, and then, majority voting is executed among the scans pertaining to an individual patient. The obtained recall (sensitivity) is 85.33%, and the precision is 82.58%. The 95% confidence interval for the accuracy of 80.08% is [77.14, 83.04]%. These numbers indicate that the described system can be useful for remote diagnosing of psoriasis, particularly in areas where access to dermatological personnel is limited.
Learning a crowd-powered perceptual distance metric for facial blendshapes
Authors: Cipiloglu Yildiz Zeynep
Published: May 2023

It is known that purely geometric distance metrics cannot reflect the human perception of facial expressions. A novel perceptually based distance metric designed for 3D facial blendshape models is proposed in this paper. To develop this metric, comparative evaluations of facial expressions were collected from a crowdsourcing experiment. Then, the weights of a distance metric, based on descriptive features of the models, were optimized to match the results with crowdsourced data, through a metric learning process. The method incorporates perceptual properties such as curvature and visual saliency. A formal analysis of the results proves the high correlation between the metric output and human perception. The effectiveness and success of the proposed metric were also compared to other distance alternatives. The proposed metric will enable intelligent processing of 3D facial blendshapes data in several ways. It will be possible to generate perceptually valid clustering and visualization of 3D facial blendshapes. It will help reduce storage and computational requirements by removing redundant expressions that are perceptually identical from the overall dataset. It can also be used to assist novice animators while creating plausible and expressive facial animations.
Metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a frequent NOTCH1 mutation predictive of response to anti-NOTCH1 CB-103 treatment
Authors: Bui Thi Oanh , Angeli Eurydice , El Bouchtaoui Morad , Gapihan Guillaume , Dao Van Tu , Paris Justine , Leboeuf Christophe , Soussan Michael , Villarese Patrick , Ziol Marianne , Van Glabeke Emmanuel , Le Thi Huong , Feugeas Jean-Paul , Janin Anne , Bousquet Guilhem
Published: May 2023

Background

Clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) are malignant tumors with high metastatic potential and resistance to treatments occurs almost constantly. Compared to primary tumors, there are still limited genomic data that has been obtained from metastatic samples.

Methods

We aimed to characterize metastatic ccRCC by way of whole-genome analyses of metastatic formalin-fixed samples, using OncoScan® technology. We identified a frequent, unexpected pL1575P NOTCH1 mutation which we set out to characterize for translational purposes. We thus implemented patient-derived xenografts from metastatic samples of human ccRCC to explore its clinical significance.

Results

We showed that pL1575P NOTCH1 mutation was an activating mutation, leading to the expression of NOTCH1-intracellular domain-active fragments in both cancer cells and tumor endothelial cells, suggesting a trans-differentiation of cancer cells into tumor micro-vessels. We demonstrated that this mutation could be used as a predictive biomarker of response to CB-103, a specific NOTCH1-intracellular domain inhibitor. One striking result was the considerable anti-angiogenic effect, coherent with the presence of NOTCH1 mutation in tumor micro-vessels.

Conclusions

We identified a frequent, unexpected pL1575P_c4724T_C NOTCH1 mutation as a new biomarker for ccRCC metastases, predictive of response to the CB103 NOTCH1-intracellular domain inhibitor.
Staging of lymphoma under chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: reasons for discordance among imaging response criteria
Authors: Winkelmann Michael , Blumenberg Viktoria , Rejeski Kai , Bücklein Veit L. , Ingenerf Maria , Unterrainer Marcus , Schmidt Christian , Dekorsy Franziska J. , Bartenstein Peter , Ricke Jens , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Subklewe Marion , Kunz Wolfgang G.
Published: May 2023

Background

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CART) prolongs survival for patients with refractory or relapsed lymphoma. Discrepancies among different response criteria for lymphoma under CART were recently shown. Our objective was to evaluate reasons for discordance among different response criteria and their relation to overall survival.

Methods

Consecutive patients with baseline and follow-up imaging at 30 (FU1) and 90 days (FU2) after CART were included. Overall response was determined based on Lugano, Cheson, response evaluation criteria in lymphoma (RECIL) and lymphoma response to immunomodulatory therapy criteria (LYRIC). Overall response rate (ORR) and rates of progressive disease (PD) were determined. For each criterion reasons for PD were analyzed in detail.

Results

41 patients were included. ORR was 68%, 68%, 63%, and 68% at FU2 by Lugano, Cheson, RECIL, and LYRIC, respectively. PD rates differed among criteria with 32% by Lugano, 27% by Cheson, 17% by RECIL, and 17% by LYRIC. Dominant reasons for PD according to Lugano were target lesion (TL) progression (84.6%), new appearing lesions (NL; 53.8%), non-TL progression (27.3%), and progressive metabolic disease (PMD; 15.4%). Deviations among the criteria for defining PD were largely explained by PMD of preexisting lesions that are defined as PD only by Lugano and non-TL progression, which is not defined as PD by RECIL and in some cases classified as indeterminate response by LYRIC.

Conclusions

Following CART, lymphoma response criteria show differences in imaging endpoints, especially in defining PD. The response criteria must be considered when interpreting imaging endpoints and outcomes from clinical trials.
Voltage imbalance mitigation in an active distribution network using decentralized current control
Authors: Nour Ahmed M. M. , Helal Ahmed A. , El-Saadawi Magdi M. , Hatata Ahmed Y.
Published: May 2023

Voltage imbalance (VI) is caused by the difference in connected single-phase load or generation in a low voltage distribution network (DN).VI increase in a smart distribution grid is due to the current practice of increasing single-phase distributed generators such as photovoltaic (PV) systems. This paper proposes a decentralized control method to mitigate VI using distributed batteries included in smart grid interfaced residential PV systems. To mitigate VI using the batteries in this way, five challenges must be overcome, i.e., equalizing all battery stress currents within the DN, mitigating VI in abnormal conditions such as signal loss among bus controllers, being immune from the distorted feedback measurements, minimizing the steady-state error at different loads, and overcoming the insufficient number or capacity of the distributed batteries at the same bus. Three fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) are proposed at each bus to overcome these five tasks based on a decentralized control scheme. The proposed decentralized control based on FLC is compared with centralized control based on a PI controller. The proposed control method is tested and verified using simulations in the MATLAB/Simulink software, and the results validate the ability of the scheme to alleviate VI on a smart distribution network under both normal and abnormal conditions.
Frequency-domain elastic wave modeling for vertical transversely isotropic media with an average-derivative optimal method
Authors: Wang Hao , Chen Jing-Bo
Published: May 2023

Based on an average-derivative method (ADM), it is feasible to develop an optimal elastic wave finite-difference nine-point scheme for vertical transversely isotropic (VTI) media in the frequency domain. The optimization coefficients of ADM can be determined by minimizing phase-velocity dispersion error. Nevertheless, for the complex VTI media, the point-by-point optimization, which only considers a single anisotropic parameter pair, will require high computational cost. To address this issue, we take into account the other two low-cost schemes: the overall simultaneous optimization in terms of various anisotropy parameter pairs and the interpolation based on the completely computed optimization coefficients. Applying the 58 measured anisotropy parameter pairs of sedimentary rocks, we test the performances of point-by-point optimization, the overall optimization, interpolation, and classical nine-point method (CM). The results indicate that the number of grid points per qS wavelength of the interpolation scheme is closest to that of the point-by-point optimization scheme and much lower than that of the overall optimization scheme and CM. In addition, the surface of solid earth is a strong impedance-discontinuity surface (free surface), resulting in the more complicated wavefields. To realize the full-waveform simulation for elastic VTI media, it is necessary to implement the free-surface boundary condition in detail. Based on the equivalence between the stress-image and adaptive parameter-modified schemes for implementing the free-surface boundary condition in the time domain, we give a new frequency-domain free-surface expression for the VTI media. We still call this expression the stress-image scheme. Numerical experiments demonstrate that (1) the optimal ADM can produce more accurate results than CM at almost the same computational cost, (2) the interpolation scheme has almost identical accuracy with the point-by-point optimization scheme, and (3) the stress-image scheme is feasible for the implementation of free-surface boundary condition in a VTI medium.
Experimental measurements and response analysis of resistivity of reservoirs with complex wettability: A case study of Yan’an Formation, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Zhao Peiqiang , Zeng Lianbo , Hou Yuting , Hu Cong , Wang Yueli , He Wei , Mao Zhiqiang
Published: May 2023

Resistivity logs are commonly used to distinguish oil and water reservoirs. However, the complex hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in the study area leads to complex wettability, which significantly affects the resistivity as well as the density and neutron logs and causes difficulties in fluid-type identification. To understand the resistivity characteristics and accurately identify the fluid types, resistivity experiments of core samples selected by the density and neutron logs are performed. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is simultaneously measured to determine the rock wettability. Instead of the conventional “aged” method for restoring the original wettability, a new set of experimental procedures is developed for obtaining resistivity and NMR [Formula: see text] spectra of samples with wettability as close as possible to that of the original reservoir. Specifically, samples with and without oil washing are measured separately, and a simple correction method for the resistivity index is developed. Moreover, the difference in the water salinity of different wells is considered. The results find that the resistivity index of samples drilled from possible oil-wet reservoirs indicated by the “abnormal” density and neutron responses varied from 2.807 to 5.388, whereas that of possible water-wet reservoirs was less than 2.0. The [Formula: see text] spectra at different states confirm the wettability of the samples. The resistivity index versus saturation ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) curves of oil-wet rocks are nearly straight lines other than the theoretical concave lines in double-logarithmic coordinates. Oil washing changes the rock wettability to varying degrees. Furthermore, the resistivity log responses of the reservoirs are accurately interpreted using the experimental data. The resistivity is simultaneously affected by the salinity, wettability, and saturation. Finally, based on the factors affecting the reservoir resistivity, fluid identification plots are established for reservoirs with different wettabilities. The agreement rates of identification using the crossplots and oil test are greater than 90%.
Clinical Characters and Influence Factors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Qin , Jiao Xiaojuan , Lai Xiaoyang
Published: May 2023

Context

Explore the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of immune thyroid dysfunction (ITD) caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of malignant tumors.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of cancer patients treated with ICIs between January 2019 and December 2021 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. According to the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction, patients were divided into an ITD group and non-ITD group. We describe the clinical characteristics, autoantibody levels, and their impact on prognosis of patients with ICI-related ITD.

Result

A total of 560 cases meeting the criteria were included, with a median follow-up time of 11.0 months. The incidence of ITD was 50.7%. Baseline TSH levels (OR, 1.935/mcIU/L; 95% CI, 1.613-2.321; P < .001) and combination targeted therapy (OR, 2.101; 95% CI, 1.433-3.079; P < .001) were most strongly associated with the occurrence of ITD. The median time to ITD in patients receiving medication with ICIs was 73 (34.5-149) days. Of the 87 patients initially diagnosed with hyperthyroid ITD, 46 (52.9%) progressed to hypothyroidism over the course of the disease. Baseline anti-thyroglobulin antibody abnormalities were strongly associated with the occurrence of ITD (OR, 67.393; 95% CI, 5.637-805.656; P = .001). Overall survival was significantly lower in patients who did not develop ITD than in those who did (hazard ratio, 0.523; 95% CI, 0.599-0.97; P < .001).

Conclusion

The incidence of ICI-related ITD is high, and the course of the disease is rapidly changing, and thyroid function in patients treated with immunotherapy should be monitored to detect ITD and permit early intervention.
Novel Candidate Regulators and Developmental Trajectory of Pituitary Thyrotropes
Authors: Cheung Leonard Y M , Menage Lucy , Rizzoti Karine , Hamilton Greg , Dumontet Typhanie , Basham Kaitlin , Daly Alexandre Z , Brinkmeier Michelle L , Masser Bailey E , Treier Mathias , Cobb John , Delogu Alessio , Lovell-Badge Robin , Hammer Gary D , Camper Sally A
Published: May 2023

The pituitary gland regulates growth, metabolism, reproduction, the stress response, uterine contractions, lactation, and water retention. It secretes hormones in response to hypothalamic input, end organ feedback, and diurnal cues. The mechanisms by which pituitary stem cells are recruited to proliferate, maintain quiescence, or differentiate into specific cell types, especially thyrotropes, are not well understood. We used single-cell RNA sequencing in juvenile P7 mouse pituitary cells to identify novel factors in pituitary cell populations, with a focus on thyrotropes and rare subtypes. We first observed cells coexpressing markers of both thyrotropes and gonadotropes, such as Pou1f1 and Nr5a1. This was validated in vivo by both immunohistochemistry and lineage tracing of thyrotropes derived from Nr5a1-Cre; mTmG mice and demonstrates that Nr5a1-progenitors give rise to a proportion of thyrotropes during development. Our data set also identifies novel factors expressed in pars distalis and pars tuberalis thyrotropes, including the Shox2b isoform in all thyrotropes and Sox14 specifically in Pou1f1-negative pars tuberalis thyrotropes. We have therefore used single-cell transcriptomics to determine a novel developmental trajectory for thyrotropes and potential novel regulators of thyrotrope populations.
Normal cell cycle progression requires negative regulation of E2F1 by Groucho during S phase and its relief at G2 phase
Authors: Bar-Cohen Shaked , Martínez Quiles María Lorena , Baskin Alexey , Dawud Ruba , Jennings Barbara H. , Paroush Ze'ev
Published: May 2023

The cell cycle depends on a sequence of steps that are triggered and terminated via the synthesis and degradation of phase-specific transcripts and proteins. Although much is known about how stage-specific transcription is activated, less is understood about how inappropriate gene expression is suppressed. Here, we demonstrate that Groucho, the Drosophila orthologue of TLE1 and other related human transcriptional corepressors, regulates normal cell cycle progression in vivo. We show that, although Groucho is expressed throughout the cell cycle, its activity is selectively inactivated by phosphorylation, except in S phase when it negatively regulates E2F1. Constitutive Groucho activity, as well as its depletion and the consequent derepression of e2f1, cause cell cycle phenotypes. Our results suggest that Cdk1 contributes to phase-specific phosphorylation of Groucho in vivo. We propose that Groucho and its orthologues play a role in the metazoan cell cycle that may explain the links between TLE corepressors and several types of human cancer.
Revisão teórica sobre o processo de independência do Brasil e a influência maçônica
Authors: Caldeira Nilson Ana Marcia
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho disserta sobre os acontecimentos que antecederam a Proclamação da Independência do Brasil e a influência dos maçons. Tendo em vista que a historiografia desse período histórico é marcada por mudanças estruturais, tanto no território brasileiro, quanto no português. Os ideais da Maçonaria pregam, dentre outros, a liberdade de pensamento, a igualdade de direitos e a fraternidade social, tais preceitos estiveram presentes nos conflitos e eventos que fizeram eclodir a Independência. O percurso metodológico foi realizado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica para compreender os fatos que rodeiam a Independência do Brasil e a atuação da Maçonaria.
Para além da homossociabilidade
Authors: Muniz Dias Roberto , Torres de Alencar Costa Margareth , Alves Teixeira Lopes Sebastião
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo examina a reescrita literária de A vida sexual de Robinson Crusoé, de Michel Gall, sob o ponto de vista dos estudos pós-coloniais de Bhabha (1998) estudos queer em Butler (2019,2022), e na perspectiva da subalternidade, Spivak (2014). Gall levanta questões morais e sexuais não exploradas durante a permanência de Robinson Crusoé, por 28 anos, na ilha, para trazer à baila de forma subversivamente homoerótica a conhecida relação entre colonizador e colonizado. O objetivo do artigo é identificar a potencialidade contestatória desta reescrita. Para isso, utiliza-se a categoria sexualidade para a reflexão sobre essas ideologias estruturantes.
Tradição e oralidade
Authors: Gonçalves Duarte Rodrigo , Gonçalves Duarte Leonardo Felipe
Published: May 2023

O estudo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar a construção da identidade popular por meio da narrativa oral de contos no Cariri cearense. Os mitos e contações são fatores antigos e sempre presentes na vida dos seres humanos. Para tal pesquisa, utilizou-se o método qualitativo. Inicialmente, foi feito um debate teórico, e foram colhidas, posteriormente, as narrativas orais de quatro moradores do Cariri. A intenção foi observar, sob o olhar das narrativas e da literatura, como as contações são vistas. No final deste trabalho, considera-se que os contos fazem parte da cultura local e colaboram efetivamente para a construção da identidade da região, bem como influenciam diretamente na vida das pessoas.
As legislações eclesiásticas e o batismo dos cativos de Itapemirim/ES
Authors: Machado Laryssa da Silva
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo pretende apresentar as legislações eclesiásticas no Brasil imperial a respeito da legitimidade das famílias cativas e analisar as uniões entre os escravizados de Itapemirim/ES, de acordo com os registros de batismo da Paróquia Nossa Senhora do Amparo entre os anos de 1840-1888. Os registros civis de nascimento, casamento e morte ficavam a cargo da Igreja Católica, mesmo com outros órgãos criados pelo império para regular tal prática. Nos documentos de batismo, fonte primária analisada neste trabalho, os párocos registravam a legitimidade ou naturalidade da filiação do infante, o que nos permite checar como a Igreja Católica atuava na regulação do sacramento matrimonial aos cativos itapemerinenses.
Luís Simões Lopes
Authors: Queiroz de Campos Filipe
Published: May 2023

A partir da Revolução de 1930, Getúlio Vargas implementou um conjunto de reformas. Uma delas foi a do funcionalismo público. O homem à frente desta empreitada era Luís Simões Lopes. Ele se destacou para além de sua liderança no órgão mencionado. Ao investigar seu arquivo, é possível identificar que ele atuou na Europa como informante secreto do presidente. Como informante, suas observações foram importantes na área comercial, em estudos sobre o nazismo e o fascismo e sobre o serviço púbico da Europa. Este artigo investiga a atuação de Luís Simões Lopes como informante de Vargas, explorando quais informações e decisões ele articulou em nome do presidente e refletindo sobre os possíveis impactos desta atuação nos rumos da política interna e externa do Brasil.
Jongo, cultura e resistência negra no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Lacerda Nayara
Published: May 2023

O Jongo no Sudeste constitui uma referência cultural afro-brasileira que desde o século XIX desempenha um papel de resistência negra. Em 2005, adquiriu o título de Patrimônio Cultural Brasileiro, uma conquista estritamente ligada à resistência cultural de comunidades familiares negras que mantiveram essa tradição viva ao longo do tempo. Consideramos, ainda, que o Jongo se relaciona diretamente com a luta dos quilombos contemporâneos. Partindo desse princípio, o objetivo do presente trabalho constitui-se em destacar o papel social da prática do Jongo no contexto das lutas atuais, como a titulação dos territórios negros dos remanescentes de comunidades quilombolas que veio à tona com a Constituição Federal de 1988.
Um patrimônio decolonial é possível?
Authors: Thomassim Medeiros Helena , Viana de Souza Daniel Maurício , Lemos Ribeiro Diego
Published: May 2023

Este artigo aborda reflexões acerca da concepção de patrimônio utilizada em nossa sociedade, articulando o tema com o conceito de decolonialidade, a partir do estudo de Gravataí, cidade da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. O munícipio tem sua origem marcada pela ocupação de povos indígenas, seguida por um processo de expulsão, ampliando a comunidade lusitana, que trouxe consigo pessoas escravizadas de origem africana. Todavia, os processos de patrimonialização dos bens municipais têm como lastro o enaltecimento da herança portuguesa e a chancela de um discurso autorizado do patrimônio, que legitima uma perspectiva hegemônica sobre o passado. Tal conjuntura torna-se propícia para questionar a possibilidade de um patrimônio decolonial dentro do contexto brasileiro.
A patrimonialização da Festa em Louvor à Nossa Senhora da Guia em Firminópolis/GO
Authors: Cavalcante Santos Wllisses , Da Conceição Fagundes Maria Dailza
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho prima por analisar o processo de patrimonialização da Festa em Louvor à Nossa Senhora da Guia, padroeira do município de Firminópolis, em Goiás. A celebração, que acontece entre os dias 30 de agosto e 08 de setembro, é parte indissociável da história da cidade, sendo capaz de mobilizar uma ampla rede de memórias e identidades que são fundamentais para manutenção da comemoração. Assim, procura-se estudar a dinamicidade do município, compreendido como território vivo, partindo da premissa de que o patrimônio cultural deve ter significado para a comunidade na qual está presente. No estudo, propõe a análise do Projeto de Lei, aprovado por unanimidade pela Câmara Municipal de Vereadores, que torna a celebração um patrimônio cultural imaterial de Firminópolis.
A defasagem no estudo do patrimônio cultural
Authors: Vieira Nogueira João Lucas , Oliveira Ponte Thais
Published: May 2023

Pretende-se discutir como a transposição de uma História da Arte produzida em certos lugares gera leituras defasadas sobre o patrimônio cultural de outras paisagens, se não submetidas às devidas traduções. Esse é o caso da aplicação da historiografia arquitetônica europeia às edificações latino-americanas, como a Igreja de São Pedro dos Pescadores, em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Foi realizado o tombamento da igreja graças aos pareceres históricos, já que os arquitetônicos afirmavam a falta de valores artísticos da edificação, que não se encaixava nos cânones de beleza e estilísticos das teorias. Buscamos outra leitura do bem patrimonial, a partir da interpretação de sua rede cultural, a fim de gerar novos argumentos que respeitem seus valores artísticos e arquitetônicos.
(Re)inventando o popular
Authors: César Carvalho Nascimento Ricardo , Oliveira de Araújo Joel
Published: May 2023

Os cocos são um tipo de dança, música e performance popular do Nordeste brasileiro que tem se destacado por sua inserção no mercado da cultura nos grandes centros urbanos. Este artigo pretende problematizar as reinvenções das culturas populares, tendo como lente metodológica o conceito de performances culturais, realizando um estudo de caso sobre os cocos da cidade de Fortaleza. Neste trabalho tentamos perceber como tais práticas culturais populares, no contexto urbano, produzem novas combinações estéticas e políticas que possibilitam a continuidade e a produção de seus lugares culturais e populares. Através de uma etnografia, o estudo permitiu realizar um panorama das atividades dos cocos na capital cearense com foco particular sobre dois grupos locais, Coco das Goiabeiras da Rainha do Mar e Na Quebrada do Coco.
AY - Díptico Nacional
Authors: Dos Santos Araújo Giulia
Published: May 2023

AY - Díptico Nacional propõe uma nova perspectiva à bandeira, resgatando a versão do período imperial. A obra provoca uma reflexão decolonial em relação ao uso da matéria-prima, a miscigenação, bem como o próprio tempo e elementos que representam o Brasil historicamente. A associação entre os arabescos, o brasão imperial e a figura do bicho preguiça (“Aí” em tupi-guarani), proporcionam um debate entre o passado e o presente, questionando o legado colonial assim como as estruturas simbólicas convencionais que formaram o país.
Entrevista Mestre Karabayara
Authors: Haidar da Silva Vitor Hugo , Gomes Ramos Aline Cristina
Published: May 2023

Raimundo Medeiros de Carvalho Filho é um sacerdote umbandista, conhecido no meio religioso como Pai Medeiros e por Mestre Karabayara, insígnia recebida na escola iniciática a que pertence. Atualmente, é o responsável pela Tenda de Umbanda Estrela Matutina, localizada em Campinas, São Paulo. Foi iniciado por Pai Rivas (Mestre Arapiagha) na Ordem Iniciática do Cruzeiro Divino, em São Paulo. Para ele, a Umbanda é um movimento amplo de ensinamentos que ecoam através dos tempos. Segundo os princípios da Tenda, o trabalho espiritual pretende atualizar a Tradição, manifestando-se através de Emissários dos Orixás, que se apresentam como Guias, Mentores, Ancestrais de uma Humanidade que luta para retomar padrões elevados de Espiritualidade. “É a transformação do sofrimento, é a transfiguração do Ser Humano, é o reencontro com o Sagrado que habita em cada um de nós.
How Undergraduates Perceive Stress Factors: An exploratory study
Authors: Murakami Manabu , Takeuchi Akiko , Jin Shigeki , Matoba Kotaro
Published: May 2023

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7760

How to cite this: Murakami M, Takeuchi A, Jin S, Matoba K. How Undergraduates Perceive Stress Factors: An exploratory study. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7760
Improving patient safety during position changes under general anaesthesia: “CHOPP check”- a new patient safety and educational tool
Authors: Hussein Kareem , Lal Shankar , Moore Michael , Leonard Irene
Published: May 2023

The requirement to change position whilst under general anaesthesia may expose patients to significant risks. We devised and implemented a concise and comprehensive patient positioning safety tool with the aim of reducing risks and improving patient safety during position changes under anaesthesia.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7965

How to cite this: Hussein K, Lal S, Moore M, Leonard I. Improving patient safety during position changes under general anaesthesia: “CHOPP check”- a new patient safety and educational tool. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7965

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
IMPROVEMENT OF TYPICAL MARKETING STRATEGIES OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Trunina Oksana Y.
Published: May 2023

Modern business conditions in Russia are steadily pushing commercial organizations to improve all their business processes, not only in operational, but also in strategic directions, which serves goals related to increasing their competitiveness and further, at least survival, and at most development. Here the main role is played by strategic marketing, which, as an effective tool proven in practice, is able, with its proper development and implementation, to effectively contribute to the organization in achieving the most ambitious goals.

The purpose of the study: to develop recommendations to improve the effectiveness of the firm’s marketing strategies based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing marketing strategies.

Materials and methods: The methodological basis of this study is the concept of a complex of 4P marketing, covering the main tools that allow the company to manage relations with consumers. Although there are currently a number of other approaches to forming a marketing complex [18], we use the classic version of the 4P, since it is the most common and well proven in practice. This concept of the marketing complex allowed us to structure the existing marketing strategies of the company taking into account the management of which variable of the marketing complex they are focused on.

Results: developed and made recommendations for improving the efficiency of strategic marketing processes, as well as improving standard marketing strategies.

Practical implications the main results of the conducted work in terms of researching trends, identifying problems and prospects in the activities of the organization, are of great practical interest to the management of the organization, as developed recommendations and suggestions can be fully used in its work.
SUPPORT INSTITUTIONS AND FORMS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATUS
Authors: Shageeva Gulnara R. , Abdullaeva Aliya S.
Published: May 2023

At present, the Russian economy is faced with the task of ensuring the innovative development of the country in the face of limited access to foreign resources. This task should be solved with the help of joint efforts of the state and business. One of the instruments of such cooperation is public-private partnership.

The goal is a comprehensive analysis of the state of public-private partnership in the Russian Federation and the development of recommendations for its further development.

Methodology of work: methods of analysis and synthesis, systemic and structural-functional approaches, comparison method, statistical method, formal-legal method, generalization method.

Results: it was determined that the deep introduction of public-private partnership in the field of innovation will have a positive impact on the implementation of the strategic national development goals of the Russian Federation. At the same time, it is necessary to expand the list of used forms of public-private partnership

Scope of the results: it is advisable to apply the results obtained in the development of promising ways and proposals for their solution, which can be used to improve public-private partnerships in innovation.
Hodgkin's lymphoma during pregnancy
Authors: Kosacheva D.
Published: May 2023

A case of Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 27-year-old pregnant woman is presented. The case is interesting for the woman's desire to preserve pregnancy during therapy, premature birth with the extraction of a live premature baby boy, as well as the need for multiple changes in treatment regimens, multiple complications and the achievement of remission after transplantation of autologous blood stem cells.
Ultrasound-positive axillary lymph nodes in early breast cancer: can a patient subgroup avoid axillary lymph node dissection? A simple algorithm is suggested
Authors: Zaidi M , Tatterton M , May-Miller P , Agrawal A
Published: May 2023

Introduction

National UK guidelines suggest that axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is no longer mandatory for selected early node-positive breast cancer patients. Our study aimed to identify patients with early breast cancer and ultrasound (USS)-positive axillary metastasis who possess low burden of axillary disease and can avoid ALND.

Methods

We conducted a 5-year study of prospectively collected data of patients with clinically T1–2, N0 breast cancer and a positive USS-guided axillary biopsy. Primary outcome was involvement of 1–2 lymph nodes (low disease burden) or ≥3 lymph nodes (higher axillary disease) on final ALND histology. Tumour type, size, grade, multifocality, receptor status, number of abnormal imaged nodes and presence of lympho-vascular invasion (LVI) were recorded. Data were analysed using chi-squared and Student’s t-test.

Results

One hundred and sixty-six patients underwent ALND for pT1–2 breast cancer. Seventy patients had no clinically palpable lymphadenopathy but a positive USS-guided biopsy. Of 70 patients, 32 women (46%) had low disease burden, whereas 38 women (54%) had higher axillary disease in final histology. LVI and >1 abnormal lymph node on USS were both significantly associated with higher disease burden (p = 0.050 and 0.009, respectively).

Conclusion

Our study confirms the presence of an important patient cohort, who are clinically node-negative with a positive USS-guided biopsy and a low volume of axillary disease. No imaging modality currently has the accuracy required to identify patients with this low disease burden preoperatively but we propose a simple algorithm for axillary management in this subgroup.
For debate: the short report - legal and ethical implications
Authors: Whitfield HN , van Dellen A
Published: May 2023

At the outset of an alleged medical negligence case, it is common for medical expert witnesses to be asked to write a brief report, sometimes called a short report or a screening report. Such requests may come from solicitors acting for a claimant or for the defence. Reassurances may be offered that the opinion given will not be disclosed. However, this is very often not the case. Doctors and the instructing solicitors need to be aware of the legal and ethical implications of providing such instructions. The medical expert must be aware that their duty to the court begins from the time of receipt of a letter from a solicitor requesting such a report.
High rising flames: a sign of complex extraperitoneal bladder rupture
Authors: Mathew JE , Chaudhary K , Devana SK , Sharma AP
Published: May 2023

Extraperitoneal bladder rupture is the most common type of bladder injury following pelvic trauma and is seen in 80–90% of cases. Generally, the contrast extravasation seen on computed tomography (CT) cystography is confined to the perivesical space, giving a characteristic flame-shaped appearance. Occasionally contrast extravasation can extend to the scrotum, thigh or anterior abdominal wall, depending on the extent of injury. Here we report an unusual CT cystogram finding of complex extraperitoneal bladder rupture with associated pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect, showing large-volume contrast extravasation extending beyond the perivesical space to the left perinephric region resembling high rising flames.
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: a rare cause of histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis in young ethnic women
Authors: Ramchandani JP , Gupta A , Goh M , Dalal A
Published: May 2023

Kikuchi–Fujimoto is a rare but self-limiting disease usually affecting young ethnic females. The main clinical presentation is fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Here we describe the cases of two patients with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and fatigue. In addition, patients can present with neutropenia; hence, early diagnosis is crucial to exclude a malignant cause.
Injury patterns of e-scooter-related orthopaedic trauma in central London: a multicentre study
Authors: Cruz NJM Dela , Morgan C , Morgan RV , Tanna S , Talwar C , Dattani R , Sarraf KM , Gibbons CER
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Electric scooters (e-Scooters) are being increasingly used in urban areas as a new means of transport. E-scooter sharing schemes have recently been piloted in the United Kingdom; however, there are no published data on orthopaedic injuries and user behaviour patterns in the UK. We aim to identify the patterns and severity of orthopaedic injuries related to e-scooter use.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of all orthopaedic referrals relating to e-scooter use from 1 March to 30 November 2020 at three hospitals, including one major trauma centre in central London. Data including patient demographics, mechanism of injury, diagnosis and treatment were collected.

Results

One hundred and five orthopaedic injuries were identified in 83 patients. The median age was 32 years and 83% were male. Seventy-nine (95.2%) patients were riders, four were pedestrians. All e-scooters were privately owned. There were 93 fractures (88.6% of total injuries noted) including 12 (12.9%) open. Fifty-two (56.0%) were upper limb fractures, 39 (41.9%) lower limb and 2 (2.1%) spinal and rib fractures. Twenty-five patients (30.1%) required an operation and 29 (34.9%) required hospital admission. Helmet use was present in 34.1%. The most common place of injury was the road (65.1%) followed by pavement (32.9%).

Conclusion

E-scooters can cause serious injury, most commonly in males. There was an equal distribution of upper and lower limb injuries, with many associated with high-energy trauma requiring operative intervention. Helmet use was seen in one third of riders. As e-scooter use continues to increase across the UK, additional steps should be taken to ensure the safety of the riders and public.
A prospective evaluation of the American College of Surgeons Surgical Risk Calculator as a predictor of complications for breast surgery
Authors: Dube M , Nour S , Shafee AS , Lahart I , Carmichael A
Published: May 2023

Background

The infection rates for operative management of breast cancer are often unpredictable and higher than average for a clean surgical procedure (0.8% and 28%). We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Surgical Risk Calculator (SRC), a preoperative scoring system to calculate the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) and serious complications following breast surgery.

Methods

Prospective risk scoring using the SRC on 213 patients in the preoperative clinic and the incidence of SSI and serious complications within 30 days postoperatively was prospectively collected.

Results

The overall SSI rate in our sample was 5% (n=11/210 patients). For a one-unit increase in SRC score, the odds of having SSI increased by a factor of 1.88 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.74). Odds of developing SSI were higher in patients with high Body Mass Index (OR 1.25; 95% 1.13 to 1.40) and American Society of Anesthesiologists score 3 (OR 11.54; 95% CI 2.98 to 43.65). The odds of developing an SSI were ∼19 times higher if a patient had an SRC score >3.0 versus those with an SRC score <3.0. Only 3% (n=4) of patients who had an SRC score of <3.0 experienced SSI, compared with 33% (n=7) for those with a risk score of >3.0. Out of 210 patients, 9 had serious complications (4.2%).

Conclusions

ACS SRC Score of more than 3 was associated with a higher likelihood of SSI. SRC was able to predict the risk of SSI and serious complications and can be used preoperatively for identification and risk minimisation.
The management of chyle leak post-oesophagectomy for oesophageal carcinoma: a systematic review
Authors: Robinson AV , Kennedy L , Roper T , Khan M , Jaunoo S ,   on behalf of the Brighton Oesophago-Gastric Research Group
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Chyle leak is an uncommon yet potentially fatal complication of oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer. The management of chyle leak is a debated, controversial topic and to date there is no standardised approach or validated algorithm for its management. This review aims to summarise current treatment algorithms for chyle leak post-oesophagectomy and their outcomes.

Methods

A systematic search of Embase, MEDLINE, UpToDate and Cochrane was conducted to identify studies reporting on the management of chyle leak following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer. Data on interventional success rate and mortality are reported.

Findings

Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria including over 23,254 oesophagectomies and identifying 838 chyle leaks (incidence <3.6%). The majority of cases were initially managed conservatively (95.3%), with a failure rate of 50.4%. Immediate surgical or radiological management resolved chylothorax in the majority of cases (97.3%), however the numbers were small. Death occurred in 54 cases (6.6%), all of whom underwent conservative management initially.

Conclusions

Owing to the heterogeneity of treatment algorithms, timings and indications for interventions, the optimal strategy for managing chyle leak remains unclear. This review has identified an unmet need for prospective multicentre studies assessing the efficacy of predefined algorithms.