bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students' Environmentally-Friendly Behavior: The Mediating Effect Investigation
Authors: Desnita D. , Usmeldi U. , Hidayat H.
Published: April 2023

The discovery of problems linked to environmentally-friendly behavior and several antecedent factors motivates this study. This study examines the effect of environmental physics understanding, scientific reasoning, and environmental behavior intentions on environmentally-friendly behavior and investigates the mediating role of scientific reasoning and environmental behavior intentions. This quantitative study used an associative approach. The research population was high schoolers in West Sumatra. The research sample was 407 high schoolers in West Sumatra, obtained through convenience sampling. Data were collected by applying a questionnaire. The research objectives were answered with a structural equation modeling approach. In this study, environmental physics understanding, scientific reasoning, and environmental behavior intentions are significant predictors of environmentally-friendly behavior. The results show that scientific reasoning had a mediating effect on the relationship between environmental physics understanding and environmentally-friendly behavior (β= 0.098, t = 1.794, p-value = 0.006). The environmental behavior intention has no mediating effect on the relationship between scientific reasoning on environmentally-friendly behavior (β= 0.045, t = 1.843, p-value = 0.066) and environmental physics understanding on environmentally-friendly behavior (β = 0.018, t = 1.467, p-value = 0.143). This study has limitations where data are only collected in high schools in West Sumatra, so generalizations are limited. Cross-sectional data add a further limitation to it. Conversely, this research augments the current literature on environmental physics understanding, scientific reasoning, and environmental behavior intentions by focusing on previously unstudied environmentally-friendly behavior. Furthermore, this study offers a novel theoretical explanation for the relationship between realizing the mediating role of scientific reasoning and environmental behavior intentions.
Graphic Organizer-Based Science Literacy Learning Models In Elementary Schools
Authors: Fitria Y. , Alwi N. A. , Eliasni R. , Chandra C. , Kharisma A.
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to test the level of effectiveness of graphic organizer-based scientific literacy learning models in elementary schools. This study’s goal is to evaluate the efficacy of elementary school scientific literacy learning approaches that rely on visual organizers. Plomp design development was used to perform the study. The three primary phases of this kind of Plomp development research methodology were preliminary research, prototype, and assessment. Students at Indonesia’s West Sumatra province’s elementary schools in the fourth grade served as the study’s subjects. The study’s findings have a significance level of 0.05, or 0.000 0.05. In the experimental classes 1 and 2, it can be concluded that there is a substantial difference between student learning results before and after using the graphic organizer-based scientific literacy learning approach. The N-gain value for the experimental class 2 is 0.712 in the high category and the N-gain value for the experimental class 1 is 0.628 in the medium category. In conclusion, the graphic organizer-based scientific literacy learning model is effectively used in class IV of elementary schools.
Using Multilevel Modelling to Evaluate Science Literacy and Technology Course of the Indonesian Non-Science Students
Authors: Setiaji B. , Santoso P. H. , Aziz K. N. , Retnawati H. , Khairudin M.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a science literacy and technology course has been designed and implemented to strengthen the national initiative empowering scientifically literate Indonesian society. This paper is intended to evaluate to what degree non-science undergraduate students can perform this course. The diverse background of non-science students who participated in this study led to the challenge to evaluate their performance more comprehensively contemplating the nested structure of students’ department and faculty setting. In light of the hierarchical nature of the student data, multilevel modelling was used to conduct the analysis. The first level of analysis involved students’ performance and affective attributes measured using demonstrated science literacy assessment (SLA-D) and motivational beliefs (SLA-MB) respectively. Then, the subsequent level of analysis comprised demographic factors gathered from the institutional record. Findings demonstrated that the impact of demographic factors on the students’ performance of science literacy was not substantial. Different settings of students’ department and faculty level drove the association between affective factors and the learning process toward science literacy courses substantially. The multilevel approach controlled the equitable student assessment within the nature of students’ data structure. This paper suggests an implication of advancement regarding educational data analysis and examines the effectiveness of science literacy courses for higher institutions specifically for non-science majors.
Anecdotes of University Students in Learning Chemistry: A Philippine Context
Authors: Mangubat F. M.
Published: April 2023

Contrasting approaches, principles, and previous learning experiences widely confront chemistry instruction. Therefore a comprehensive and precise understanding of the nature and mechanism of chemistry instruction is essential in attaining mastery of science subjects like chemistry. This study explored the determinants that affect students’ chemistry in tertiary education. This study utilized an explanatory sequential mixed-method research design wherein quantitative data is collected and analyzed. Qualitative data was collected and analyzed based on quantitative results. The respondents (n=253) were the students who took their chemistry subjects from 2016-2017, 2017-2018, 2018-2019, and 2019-2020. The study revealed that the type of school significantly affects students’ chemistry learning. Based on students’ responses, it was revealed that classroom dynamics, a supportive learning environment, the prospect for attractive compensation, poor study habits, non-aligned of academic track, and teachers are the determinants affecting students’ academic performance in chemistry.
Effect of removing sucrose and moisture in bagasse fibers on improvement of limit of processing temperature in bagasse-polypropylene composites
Authors: Sefat Khan Md , Shibata Shinichi
Published: April 2023

This study focused on the increase of processing temperature of sugarcane bagasse fiber and polypropylene composites by removing sucrose and moisture in bagasse fibers. The relationship between the number of washing times and remaining sucrose in bagasse fiber were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis showed that original bagasse fibers, which had been obtained from a sugar cane mill, contained 4.0 wt% sucrose. To clarify the effect of the remaining sucrose and moisture on the limit of processing temperature in bagasse composites, the sucrose removed bagasse (40 wt%) or the original bagasse (40 wt%) was mixed with polypropylene (60 wt%), respectively. Then, the composite specimens were prepared with hot-press forming at various temperature. The observations of the composites appearances and their flexural tests were carried out. The results showed that the limit of processing temperature in the removing sucrose and moisture of bagasse composites was dramatically improved. The flexural properties in the sucrose and moisture removed bagasse composites did not decrease until 260 °C, while that in the original bagasse composites decreased at 240 °C.
Trends and Economic Implications of Disparities in Postoperative Pneumonia
Authors: Mpody Christian , Kemper Alex R. , Aldrink Jennifer H. , Michalsky Marc P. , Tobias Joseph D. , Nafiu Olubukola O.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Postoperative pneumonia is the third most common surgical complication and can seriously impair surgical rehabilitation and lead to related morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the temporal trends in racial and ethnic disparities in postoperative pneumonia and quantified the economic burden resulting from these inequalities in the United States.

METHODS

This population-based study includes 195 028 children (weighted to 964 679) admitted for elective surgery across 5340 US hospitals reporting to the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between 2010 and 2018. We estimated the risk-adjusted incidence of postoperative pneumonia, comparing racial and ethnic groups. We also quantified the inflation-adjusted hospital costs attributable to racial and ethnic disparities in postoperative pneumonia.

RESULTS

The risk-adjusted rates of pneumonia declined across all racial and ethnic categories, with Black children having the lowest annual rate of decline (Black: 0.03 percentage points, Hispanic: 0.05 percentage points, white: 0.05 percentage points). The risk-adjusted rates of pneumonia trended consistently higher for Black and Hispanic children, relative to white children, throughout the study period (Black versus white: relative risk, 1.31 (95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.51), P < .01; Hispanic versus white: relative risk, 1.16 (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.32), P = .02). These disparities did not narrow significantly over time. During the study period, the excess hospitalization cost attributable to racial and ethnic disparities in postoperative pneumonia was $24 533 458 for Black children and $26 200 783 for Hispanic children (total, $50 734 241).

CONCLUSIONS

Against the backdrop of decreasing postoperative pneumonia, Black and Hispanic children continue to experience higher rates compared with white children. These persistent disparities in postoperative pneumonia were associated with considerable excess cost of surgical care.
PRICING ANALYSIS USING TARGET PROFIT MARGIN, ROI, AND SOLVENCY ON ENDOWNMENT LIFE INSURANCE PRODUCTS
Authors: Sari Safira Permata , Hikmah Yulial
Published: April 2023

One of the important parts of forming insurance products is determining premium rates on an insurance policy contract. A new strategy is needed in determining premium rates. Funds managed by insurance companies are obtained from premium payments by the insured and capital provided by the financier to the insurance company. The funds are used to pay benefits to the insured, meet the costs required by the insurance company and provide benefits to the financier. Insurance companies must consider profits in calculating premium rates for these funds to be managed properly. In modeling the profit that a company needs to achieve, the management and shareholders usually provide a certain profitability measure, such as Return on Investment, Profit Margin, Spread Margin, Surplus strain, etc. This study discusses pricing calculations and analysis using several profitability targets, namely Profit Margin (PM), Return on Investment (ROI), and Solvency on one of the dual-purpose insurance products at PT Asuransi Jiwa XYZ with the assumption of grading down interest every two years. The results show that calculating the premium value using the profitability target is more profitable using the Profit Margin target than the ROI target because Profit Margin does not produce multiple conditions. In addition, it is found that the ROI and Profit Margin before Solvency are greater than the ROI and Profit Margin after Solvency. This is because in calculating premiums with Profit Margin and ROI targets after Solvency is imposed, the company's liability limit is higher than it should be.
PERBANDINGAN PENERAPAN GRAF KOMPATIBEL DENGAN REALITA DILAPANGAN DALAM PENGATURAN LAMPU LALU LINTAS PERSIMPANGAN BANDARA PEKANBARU
Authors: Sarbaini Sarbaini
Published: April 2023

To minimize traffic congestion, the application of compatible graphs is used to establish a more optimal total waiting duration at the traffic flow at the Pekanbaru airport intersection. Traffic flow at the Pekanbaru airport intersection is more congested on Sunday due to weekends, where this study was conducted on Sunday afternoon, May 29, 2022. The purpose is to optimize the total waiting duration of the existing traffic lights in the area, waiting for the vehicle stop time obtained in all aspects of the lane, from the observations that have been made obtained compatible graphs. By applying compatible graphs, two different hypotheses are used. The first hypothesis turns left following a traffic light which is 100 seconds. Meanwhile, the second hypothesis of turning left does not follow a traffic light of 120 seconds. Where the wait duration obtained is the optimum waiting duration with a compatible graph, the waiting duration in the current field is much more optimal than the waiting time after using the compatible graph
PENGAMANAN KATA SANDI AKUN DENGAN METODE AFFINE CIPHER
Authors: Rahma Ade Novia
Published: April 2023

Pada saat ini kesadaran keamanan akun sangat minim. Keahlian para hacker saat ini juga semakin berkembang. Metode Affine Cipher merupakan metode yang tepat untuk mengamankan kata sandi akun dan menjadikan kata sandi akun tidak mudah dikenal. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini pasangan huruf yang sudah terbentuk tidak ada kemungkinan lain yang akan terbentuk, sehingga meningkatkan keamanan akun.
Prediksi Pertumbuhan Penduduk di Indonesia Menggunakan Metode Least Square
Authors: Noviyanto Hendri , Fauzi Arma
Published: April 2023

Laju Pertumbuhan penduduk cukup menjadi perhatian pemerintah dan menjadi masalah pada negara yang berkembang seperti Indonesia karena banyak dampak yang ditimbulkan seperti kesenjangan sosial dan meningkatnya kemiskinan, sehingga diperlukan kontrol pertumbuhan penduduk. Tujuan prediksi pertumbuhan penduduk adalah untuk mengetahui prediksi jumlah penduduk pada masa yang akan datang. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah least square atau kuadrat terkecil untuk melakukan perhitungan prediksi. Data yang digunakan adalah jumlah penduduk di Indonesia pada tahun 2016-2022 yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Model trend yang digunakan adalah kuadratik dengan nilai persamaan yang diperoleh Y' = 267.083,67 + 2.876,01X. Hasil persentase nilai MAPE sebesar 0%. Model yang didapatkan digunakan untuk memprediksi jumlah penduduk pada tahun 2023-2027. Hasil prediksi selisih jumlah penduduk pada 5 tahun yang akan datang sebesar 14.380,04 juta jiwa.
HPLC/HILIC determination of biogenic amines in wines produced by different winemaking technologies
Authors: Kumšta M. , Helmová T. , Štůsková K. , Baroň M. , Průšová B. , Sochor J.
Published: April 2023

The present study evaluated the effect of winemaking technologies on the concentration of different biogenic amines in Chardonnay wines. Wines produced from sedimented, inoculated must with active dry yeast without malolactic fermentation were compared with wine produced from nonsedimented must spontaneously fermented with malolactic fermentation. Histamine and putrescine concentrations were not significantly different in either variant. The highest concentration of histamine was 0.055 mg L−1, and the highest concentration of putrescine was 1.6 mg L−1 in both variants. Statistically significantly higher values of cadaverine (from 0.06 to 0.07 mg L−1), spermidine (from 0.8 to 1.4 mg L−1), spermine (from 0.15 to 0.25 mg L−1), and isoamylamine (from 0.40 to 0.46 mg L−1) were found in the variant made from nonsedimented must, in which spontaneous malolactic fermentation was performed. The higher concentration of biogenic amines in this variant may be due to the different composition of lactic bacteria during the spontaneous malolactic fermentation. A simplified, unpublished HILIC method of chromatographic separation of biogenic amines without prior deprivation with MS-MS detection was used to determine individual biogenic amines.
A cross-national comparison of problematic gaming behavior and well-being in adolescents
Authors: van der Neut Damian , Peeters Margot , Boniel-Nissim Meyran , Klanšček Helena Jeriček , Oja Leila , van den Eijnden Regina
Published: April 2023

Background and aims. The popularity of playing games among adolescents has increased during the last decades, possibly affecting the prevalence of problematic gaming behavior. The current study aimed to compare country-level prevalence rates of adolescents' problematic gaming behavior in five countries and identify cross-cultural similarities and differences in the relationship between problematic gaming and well-being (life satisfaction, psychological complaints, and peer support). Methods. Cross-national data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study were used. The sample comprised 14,398 gamers (61% boys) aged 11 to 16 (average age between 13.31 and 13.85) from Azerbaijan, England, Serbia, Slovenia, and the Netherlands. Results. The findings showed that the prevalence of problematic gaming differs between countries. The highest prevalence of problematic gaming was seen in Azerbaijan (16.1%) and the lowest in the Netherlands (4.3%). In contrast, Azerbaijan reported the lowest gaming intensity, whereas the Netherlands and England showed the highest gaming intensity. Additional analyses revealed that problematic gaming was associated with lower life satisfaction, more psychological complaints, and lower peer support in all countries, although the strength of these associations varied between countries. Discussion and conclusions. The current study's results are consistent with the assumption that problematic gaming negatively affects adolescents' social and mental well-being. These findings are further discussed in light of the normalization theory which suggests that cultural gaming norms (i.e., the percentage of gamers per country) would influence the strength of the relationship between problematic gaming and adolescents' well-being. The present findings highlight the need for adequate prevention strategies aiming at problematic gaming among youngsters.
An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Artificial Pollination in Frost-Affected Walnut (Juglans regia) Orchard
Authors: AHI KOŞAR Dilan , SÖNMEZ Eküle , ARGAÇ Adem , ERTÜRK Umran
Published: April 2023

The winter and spring frosts are an important problem in some walnut cultivation areas. The frost damage of male and female flowers results in low fruit set and yield. The temperature dropped -17.2 °C in January 2021 in the Yenişehir, Bursa, an important walnut production area in North-Western Turkey. The present study was carried out to determine the natural frost damage on male flowers of some walnut cultivars and the effectiveness of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) pollination, which has been developed and used in artificial pollination studies recently, on fruit set and fruit characteristics. In the experiment, two pollen concentrations (T1: 5% pollen two times; T2: 5% pollen in the first, 20% pollen in the second time) and the open pollination (control) were tested. Observations showed that frost damage on male flowers varied from 57.31% (Ronde de Montignac) to 99.33% (Franquette). The initial fruit set was significantly higher in the T1 (87.74%) followed by T2 (83.89%). The final fruit set in T2 (75.16%) was higher than the T1 (74.11%), but the difference was insignificant. The box and whisker plot shows that UAV pollination treatments (T1, T2) increased the fruit set, but it was not uniform on the tree compared to open pollination. The highest nut weight, thickness, and length were obtained from control, followed by T1. The results showed that the fruit set was higher in pollination with UAV, and using less pollen (T1) was sufficient. The research results provide support for UAV treatment on supplementary pollination for walnut.
Analysis of the state of the solid municipal waste management system in St. Petersburg over the past 25 years
Authors: Ventsyulis Leonard , Pimenov Aleksander , Chusov Aleksander , Selivanova Svetlana , Terleev Vitaly
Published: April 2023

The article examines the state of the waste management system in St. Petersburg over the past 25 years. It is shown that over 25 years, the environmental damage to the waste management system in St. Petersburg has increased 2.22 times, which indicates that the system has not been practically improved over the past years. Throughout the 25 years under consideration, the bulk of the solid municipal waste generated in St. Petersburg has been exported to the landfill, which is approximately 88 % of their total amount. The remaining 12 % is processed into compost at waste recycling plants. At the moment, in St. Petersburg there is a system for collecting hazardous waste from the population, which includes: hazardous waste collection points "Ecopoints", mobile hazardous waste collection points "Ecomobiles", metal terminals for receiving hazardous waste "Ecoterminals", as well as those designed to receive spent batteries, i.e. batteries "Ecoboxes" installed in specially selected places convenient for citizens. The work of the city's hazardous waste collection system from the population has been carried out since 2010, it is being improved, and is aimed at extracting hazardous waste generated by residents of St. Petersburg from the total volume of solid municipal waste generated by them.
In conclusion, it is concluded that in the future in St. Petersburg it is necessary to develop directions for reducing the amount of waste exported to landfills by separating organic fraction from the main stream of municipal solid waste coming for processing, separating hazardous waste from them, as well as using high-quality sorting and deep processing of incoming solid streams municipal waste with the extraction of useful fractions from them, which can be used as secondary raw materials and for energy production
ARTICLE - WHAT IS THE VALUE OF A QUALITY EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION?
Authors: FALCIANO BRUNO TOVAR , NUNES MARIA FERNANDA REZENDE
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT: This study aims to problematize how the future evaluation of K-12 educational offers and reflects on the guidelines that may ground quality parameters for childhood education after the determinations of the new Fundeb. We analyzed data from the School Census of K-12 Education done by Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) and the Demographic Census of IBGE. Based on this data, we discuss how far the wishful thinking of childhood education lies. We show that children’s access to kindergarten and preschool needs to be more equitable, public investment needs to be guided towards public systems, and allocating resources is a key mechanism to reducing inequality. Finally, our findings point out the need to reinforce the concept of Custo Aluno Qualidade (CAQ- Student Quality Cost), sizing the necessary input to scale the access of all children to a quality childhood education.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AS A PEDAGOGICAL RESOURCE FOR REMOTE TEACHING: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TEACHING PRACTICES
Authors: AURELIANO FRANCISCA EDILMA BRAGA SOARES , QUEIROZ DAMIANA EULINIA DE
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT: This study emerged from inquietudes about the impasses that go through the experience of Emergency Remote Education (ERE) during the COVID-19 pandemic unleashed in 2020. In this sense, this article reports on a research whose objective was to analyze the implications of the use of digital technologies in the continuing education process and in the practices of literacy teachers, during the Remote Teaching, in 2020, in the Francisco Francelino de Moura Municipal School. The study was developed through a literature review of the main concepts that underpin the literacy process: pedagogical mediation, teaching practice and ERE. In addition, the normative documents of this type of teaching, the National Common Curricular Base, among others, were verified. We also conducted a qualitative field research with two literacy teachers of 1st and 2nd year (Literacy Cycle). The data treatment procedure used was Content Analysis. It was found that the teachers developed new practices, especially with the use of digital technologies and, despite the difficulties encountered, they sought to know and appropriate these resources resulting in a reflective practice of constant research and improvement.
Materiais Didático-Pedagógicos Para Auxiliar o Ensino de Variáveis Atmosféricas: Estudo de Caso no 9° Ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma Escola Pública no Ceará
Authors: Silva Emerson Mariano da , Sales Gleidson de Mesquita , Campos João Hugo Baracuy da Cunha , Barbosa Wellington Antonio
Published: April 2023

Resumo O trabalho apresenta os resultados sobre a aplicação de uma metodologia ativa em que o processo de ensino-aprendizado sobre as variáveis atmosféricas, conteúdos ministrados nas aulas de climatologia nas disciplinas de geografia nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, foram trabalhados de forma articulada com atividades práticas de construção de instrumentos meteorológicos com materiais de baixo custo. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental localizada no município de Caucaia - Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza no Estado do Ceará, com 26 estudantes na faixa etária de 14 a 17 anos. A metodologia proposta seguiu as orientações contidas na Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC) e no Documentos Curricular Referencial do Ceará (DCRC) e foi aprovada no Comitê de ética da Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Os resultados mostraram que a metodologia empregada no estudo foi capaz de proporcionar um processo de ensino-aprendizado motivador em que professor e estudantes puderam exercer seus protagonismos, além de proporcionar conhecimentos significativos sobre as variáveis atmosféricas, o clima e a variabilidade climática, observadas na região e a relação destas com meio ambiente em que vivem.
Análise da implantação do Componente Hospitalar na Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências
Authors: Radel Marilei Elisangela , Shimizu Helena Eri
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivou-se descrever a implantação dos serviços do Componente Hospitalar da Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências (RUE) e avaliar a efetividade das Linhas de Cuidado prioritárias nos estabelecimentos habilitados como Portas de Entrada, nas regiões/Unidade da Federação do Brasil, entre 2011 e 2019. Estudo descritivo e analítico, cujos dados foram obtidos do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e do Ministério da Saúde, para avaliar diferenças significativas, antes e depois, da implantação das Linhas de Cuidado prioritárias por meio do teste de Wilcoxon. Constatou-se que a região Sudeste foi a que mais evoluiu, inclusive na implantação de pontos de atenção mais densos tecnologicamente, seguida das regiões: Nordeste, Sul, Norte e Centro-Oeste. A região Sul se destacou na implantação das Linhas de Cuidado prioritárias; além de ter abarcado maior número de implantações dessa Linha, também foi a que melhor evidenciou o crescimento no número de atendimentos e a diminuição no Tempo Médio de Permanência. Verificou-se que a Linha de Cuidado do Trauma foi a que apresentou maior efetividade ao se verificar o número de atendimentos com o crescimento populacional. Concluiuse que o Componente Hospitalar da RUE teve considerável avanço, contudo, as desigualdades regionais são ainda expressivas.
Utopia interditada: APS como antídoto contra a desdemocratização e a necropolítica neoliberal
Authors: Agostini Rafael , Castro Adriana Miranda de
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este ensaio reflete sobre o desmonte de uma Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) abrangente como etapa fundamental à desdemocratização que avança a passos largos no Brasil e no mundo nos últimos anos, sendo condição de possibilidade da consolidação de uma necropolítica neoliberal que busca se institucionalizar e silenciar quaisquer potências de vida. Ao mesmo tempo, este texto reafirma também que é por meio mesmo da APS que se pode inflexionar o timão – alterando a rota da barbárie para a qual se navega – em direção à utopia inspiradora do Sistema Único de Saúde e ao seu projeto civilizatório solidário e cidadão. Considerados os atributos e as diretrizes que fundam e organizam a APS brasileira e a concertação de vozes que enseja, esta reflexão propõe, por fim, que seja ali uma trincheira estratégica na luta para investir em uma sociedade efetivamente democrática, em que todos se reconheçam e afirmem como sujeitos políticos e de direitos em defesa da vida.
Avaliação das propriedades acústicas de mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis) submetido a tratamento térmico em estufa e autoclave
Authors: Laudares Francisco Antonio Lopes , Nascimento Alexandre Miguel do , Oliveira Renata Nunes , Santos Rogério Rodrigues dos , Moura Fabrizia Dias Guedes
Published: April 2023

RESUMO O presente trabalho avaliou o efeito do tratamento térmico no comportamento acústico em madeira de mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis A. Chev.) submetida a dois tipos de tratamentos, denominados tratamento a seco (TS), realizado em mufla elétrica a temperaturas de 130, 160 e 190 °C, e tratamento hidrotérmico (TH), utilizando vapor de água em autoclave nas temperaturas e pressões de 123 °C e 1,2 kgf.cm−2 e 160 °C e 6,0 kgf.cm−2, respectivamente. Os tratamentos foram realizados em conformidade com um planejamento experimental. Após os tratamentos, as amostras foram submetidas à avaliação acústica através de ensaios por vibração mecânica, utilizando a técnica de excitação por impulso transversal, como previsto na norma ASTM-E1876. As grandezas acústicas determinadas foram: frequência de ressonância transversal (fr(Tr)), decaimento logarítmico transversal (Dl(Tr)), módulo de elasticidade dinâmico específico transversal (Eesp(Tr)) e eficiência da conversão acústica transversal (ECA(Tr)). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a madeira modificada em autoclave a 123 °C se destacou em relação aos outros tratamentos, inclusive dos conjugados. Foram verificados aumentos de 7,3 % para fr(Tr), 10,8 % para o Eesp(Tr) e 26,4 % para o ECA(Tr), e redução de 11,9 % para Dl. Tais resultados indicam otimização das propriedades do mogno africano para aplicações acústicas.
Outbreak of leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania enriettii in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Ribeiro Cibele , Koubiach Kethleen N. , Faccini Leonardo S. , Teixeira Mariana C. , Schüür Fábio A. , Thomaz-Soccol Vanete , Barros Claudio S.L. , Coelho Ana Carolina B.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT: We describe an outbreak of leishmaniasis in seven guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in which nodular ulcerated skin lesions of varying sizes were observed in the nasal cavity, upper lip, pinnae, vulva, and periarticular region of the limbs. Cytologic exam of collected samples of the lesions in the auricle of one of the animals revealed macrophages containing parasitophorous vacuoles of approximately 4.0μm in diameter in their cytoplasm with morphology suggestive of Leishmania sp. Although skin lesions spontaneously regressed in two of the Guinea pigs, only one survived. All six animals that died were necropsied. Grossly, all animals showed bloody nodular cutaneous lesions with crusts. One of the guinea pigs had distended dark red and firm lungs. Histopathology of the skin lesions revealed histiocytic interstitial acanthotic dermatitis associated with a myriad of Leishmania organisms within macrophages cytoplasm. In the lung, the lesions were characteristic of broncho-interstitial pneumonia with focal infiltrates of neutrophils, epithelioid macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells containing 2µm basophilic amastigotes with morphology compatible with Leishmania spp. A focal granulomatous lesion ,associated with the causal agent in the lung is a novel description of leishmaniasis in guinea pigs caused by L. enriettii. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with mini-exon primer performed in samples of lesions from two affected guinea pigs was positive and equal to the reference strain, identifying Leishmania enriettii. The cytological, macroscopic, and histological lesions associated with the PCR technique allowed the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and the identification of the specie L. enriettii.
The frequency of psychotic symptoms in types of dementia: a systematic review
Authors: Pessoa Rebeca Mendes de Paula , Maximiano-Barreto Madson Alan , Lambert Letícia , Leite Érica Dayanne Meireles , Chagas Marcos Hortes Nisihara
Published: April 2023

Abstract The frequency of psychotic symptoms in older adults is high, mainly in neurocognitive cognitions of the most varied etiologies. Objectives: This study aimed to review the studies that analyze the frequency of the types of delusions, hallucinations, and misidentifications in dementia conditions of different etiologies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on August 9, 2021, in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with the following descriptors: (dementia OR alzheimer disease OR dementia with Lewy bodies OR frontotemporal dementia OR mixed dementia OR vascular dementia OR major neurocognitive disorder OR parkinson disease dementia) AND (psychotic symptoms OR psychosis OR hallucinations OR delusions OR psychopathology OR misidentification) AND (prevalence OR epidemiology). Results: A total of 5,077 articles were found, with a final inclusion of 35. The overall frequency of psychotic symptoms ranged from 34 to 63% in dementia conditions of the most varied etiologies. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) presents more delusions and hallucinations and has a higher frequency regarding the presence of misidentifications. On the contrary, Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) seems to present more hallucinations, even auditory, when compared to the other dementias, concomitantly with delusions. Vascular and frontotemporal dementia present fewer psychotic symptoms than DLB and AD. Conclusions: We identified a gap in the literature on the description of the psychotic symptoms of dementia, mainly in those of non-AD etiologies. Studies that assess the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementias deeply might contribute in a more definite manner to the causal diagnosis of dementia.
Segunda geração de privatização da educação paulista: a articulação sistêmica dos atores empresariais
Authors: Garcia Teise de Oliveira , Adrião Theresa , Drabach Nadia , Santos Maria
Published: April 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o que se designa aqui como segunda geração da privatização da educação pública paulista. Tal categorização decorre de estudo sobre processos que institucionalizam a incidência do setor privado empresarial na educação a partir de 1995. Analisou-se o período em que esteve em vigência a Resolução SEE nº 24, de 5 de abril de 2005, no governo Geraldo Alckmin, que incorporou a recém-criada Associação Parceiros da Educação a uma rede de empresários, e instituiu o programa Empresa Educadora. A pesquisa documental e a análise das condições de oferta em 21 unidades escolares no estado de São Paulo indicaram que o programa não alterou a qualidade da oferta educativa, todavia, foi implementada a presença articulada do setor empresarial na definição da política educacional.
Habermas e Paulo Freire: para além dos lugares-comuns
Authors: Leite Ivonaldo
Published: April 2023

Resumo Ultimamente, alguns trabalhos têm apontado uma estreita conexão analítica entre o pensador alemão Jürgen Habermas e o educador brasileiro Paulo Freire, descrevendo-se, por exemplo, o “diálogo” como uma categoria que adensa a relação teórica entre ambos. Este artigo procura averiguar a existência de efetivas convergências entre Habermas e Freire. Para tanto, metodologicamente, são revisadas as suas principais produções. Como resultado desse escrutínio, o presente artigo discrepa das perspectivas que realçam a referida conexão. Embora seja possível identificar algumas convergências entre Habermas e Freire, elas são genéricas. Assim, o que é concebido como aproximações entre os dois autores tem, muitas vezes, o status de lugares-comuns.
Estudantes do curso de Medicina na pandemia da Covid-19: experiências por meio de narrativas
Authors: Souza Ewelyn Regina de , Tonholo Caio , Kajiyama Fabiane Mie , Leite Marcel Porto de Cerqueira , Pio Danielle Abdel Massih , Bettini Roseli Vernasque
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Introdução: A pandemia causada pelo Sars-CoV-2 tem provocado repercussões econômicas, sociais e na saúde mental dos indivíduos com a instauração do distanciamento social. Consequentemente, as escolas médicas suspenderam atividades e readaptaram a estrutura da formação acadêmica, atingindo com maior intensidade os estudantes do quinto e sexto anos. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender as repercussões emocionais, sociais e na formação acadêmica e profissional, a partir do distanciamento social decorrente da pandemia da Covid-19, na perspectiva do estudante de Medicina dos dois últimos anos de uma escola médica, após paralisação de atividades presenciais. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma faculdade do interior paulista, com estudantes dos dois últimos anos do curso de Medicina, por meio de narrativas e com posterior análise de conteúdo temática, conforme Bardin e Minayo. Resultado: Foram analisadas 11 narrativas, sendo sete escritas por acadêmicos do quinto ano e quatro do sexto. Nelas, evidenciaram-se medo da pandemia e de suas repercussões, descrença com a situação do país e crítica ao comportamento de conhecidos. No âmbito acadêmico, houve a preocupação com a paralisação das atividades práticas em um momento próximo do final da graduação e a reflexão sobre a condição de ser um estudante de Medicina no internato durante a pandemia. Além disso, emergiu um sentimento de incapacidade no auxílio ao enfrentamento da crise sanitária e receio do contágio de si próprio e de familiares. Todavia, também foram relatadas necessidades de descanso, de reforço de vínculos familiares e de oportunidade para novos aprendizados. Conclusão: Em suma, a pandemia gerou inquietações a respeito das incertezas nos campos social, econômico, político e científico, as quais, somadas ao momento da formação dos acadêmicos de Medicina, contribuíram para dificuldades em relação à saúde mental. Não obstante, houve também a avaliação do período como positivo, pois propiciou tempo livre para aumento no rendimento dos estudos, além de oportunidade para realizar atividades extracurriculares.
Medical students in the Covid-19 pandemic: experiences through narratives
Authors: Souza Ewelyn Regina de , Tonholo Caio , Kajiyama Fabiane Mie , Leite Marcel Porto de Cerqueira , Pio Danielle Abdel Massih , Bettini Roseli Vernasque
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Introduction: The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (Sars-cov-2) has resulted in economic, social and mental health consequences for individuals with the establishment of social distancing. Consequently, medical schools suspended their activities, with the need to rethink the structure of academic education, affecting students in the fifth and sixth years with greater intensity. Objective: To understand the emotional, social and academic and professional training consequences of social distancing resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, from the perspective of the medical student in the last two years of medical school, after the interruption of in-person activities. Method: Study conducted at a medical school in the interior of São Paulo, with students from the last two years of the medical course. This is a qualitative field research, carried out through narratives with thematic content analysis, according to Bardin and Minayo. Results: Eleven narratives were analyzed, seven written by fifth-year students and four by sixth-year students. In them, fear of the pandemic and its consequences, disbelief with the country’s situation and criticism of the behavior of acquaintances were evident. In the academic setting, there was concern about the interruption of practical activities close to the end of the undergraduate course, thoughts about being a medical student on clinical clerkship during the pandemic, with a feeling of incapacity in helping to cope with the health crisis, as well as fear of getting infected or infecting family members. However, the need for rest, reinforcement of family bonds and opportunities for new learning were also reported. Conclusions: In short, the pandemic generated concerns about uncertainties in the social, economic, political and scientific fields, which, added to the moment of these medical students’ education, contributed to difficulties in relation to mental health. However, the period was also evaluated as a positive one, as it provided free time to increase study performance, in addition to the opportunity to carry out extracurricular activities.
Self-regulated learning e ensino médico: revisão de literatura
Authors: Vieira Lais Meirelles Nicoliello , Paiva Ana Carla Araújo , Dutra Henrique Trindade , Moretzsohn João Pedro de Barros , Barros Tulio Aquino de , Silva Webert Oliveira
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Introdução: A aprendizagem autorregulada (self-regulated learning - SRL) é o processo ativo que o aluno realiza para atingir seus objetivos de aprendizagem. No ensino médico, pelo fato de o ambiente clínico ser propício para o desenvolvimento da SRL, há potencial benefício na aplicação dessa ferramenta no processo de ensino-aprendizado, embora as diferenças em seus cenários de aplicação exijam uma análise mais aprofundada. Objetivo: Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre o histórico do desenvolvimento da SRL, sua aplicabilidade e avaliação em estudantes de Medicina por meio de escala validada, além dos fatores que a influenciam, como métodos de ensino e questões demográficas e socioculturais. Método: Realizou-se uma busca com o descritor self-regulated learning nas plataformas PubMed e SciELO e na revista Medical Education Online para artigos em inglês publicados entre 2010 e 2021. Resultado: A busca nas bases de dados resultou em 198 artigos, dos quais foram selecionados 100 para a análise crítica. Desses 100 artigos, selecionaram-se 31 que preenchiam os critérios desta revisão. Conclusão: A SRL é um conceito contemporâneo considerado pilar no processo educacional. Trata-se de ferramenta de grande valor em psicologia educacional. A aplicabilidade da SRL no contexto do ensino médico demonstra-se efetiva e traz consigo especificidades sobre a autorregulação do estudante de Medicina. Contudo, são necessários novos estudos acerca do tema, de modo a permitir o desenvolvimento de métodos instrucionais eficazes com sua utilização.
A new species of barred Sternopygus (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from the Orinoco River
Authors: Torgersen Kevin T. , Galindo-Cuervo Aleidy M. , Reis Roberto E. , Albert James S.
Published: April 2023

Abstract A new species of Sternopygus is described from the Orinoco River of Venezuela using traditional methods of morphometrics and meristics, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging for osteological analysis. The new species is readily separated from all congeners in having broad, vertical pigment bars that extend from the mid-dorsum to the ventral margin of the pterygiophores. A similar color pattern, characterized by subtle differences in the densities and sizes of chromatophores, is also present in juveniles of S. obtusirostris from the Amazon River, juveniles of S. sabaji from rivers of the Guiana Shield, and S. astrabes from clearwater and blackwater terra firme streams of lowlands around the Guiana Shield. The new species further differs from other congeners in the Orinoco basin by having a reduced humeral pigment blotch with poorly defined margins, a proportionally smaller head, a longer body cavity, a more slender body shape in lateral profile, and in having vertical pigment bars that extend ventrally to the pterygiophores (vs. pigment saddles not reaching the pterygiophores). The description of this species raises to three the number of Sternopygus species in the Orinoco basin, and to 11 the total number of Sternopygus species.
Early life history of two Neotropical Triportheidae fish (Characiformes)
Authors: Cajado Ruineris Almada , Silva Fabíola Katrine Souza , Oliveira Lucas Silva , Santos Zaqueu dos , Bialetzki Andréa , Zacardi Diego Maia
Published: April 2023

Abstract The early ontogeny of Triportheus albus and T. angulatus, two fish species of Triportheidae, is described using morphological, meristic, and morphometric characters. These species are exploited by subsistence fisheries and have potential as an alternative source of fish, given the decline in the natural stocks of other commercially important fish species in the Amazon. The specimens were collected in the open water limnetic zone, under of the macrophyte stands, and in subsurface areas near sandbars in the Amazon basin. Intra and interspecific morphometric analyzes were performed to evaluate growth models between species. The combination of color pattern, body morphology, morphometric proportions and myomeres number distinguishes the species from each other and from other congeners. Some morphometric relationships related to head as snout length and eye diameter as well as length from the snout to the origins of anal and length from the snout to the origins of pelvic, related with standard length were different between the two species of Triportheus, reflecting different growth models between them. An identification key for larvae and juveniles of some species of Triportheus from the Eastern Amazon is presented.
Influence of the application of a reading plan on motivation, emotional intelligence, fluency and reading comprehension in Spanish primary school students
Authors: Marín-Marín José-Antonio , López-Belmonte Jesús , Lampropoulos Georgios , Moreno-Guerrero Antonio-José
Published: April 2023

Abstract Reading is positioned as an important skill in people’s daily lives. That is why work is done and time is dedicated to its development in educational centers through didactic proposals that are compiled in the Reading Plan. This research focuses on knowing the impact of the Reading Plan on various dimensions such as motivation, emotional intelligence, fluency and reading comprehension in primary school students from different educational centers in Spain. For this, a quantitative methodology has been followed with a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control and an experimental group. 331 students enrolled between 5th and 6th grade of said educational stage participated in the study. The data has been collected through many validated instruments (Questionnaire of Motivated Strategies for Learning, BarOn Emotional Intelligence Inventory and the EMLE-TALE 2000) for the objectives pursued. After the statistical analysis, the results obtained reveal how the increase in emotional intelligence of the experimental group has improved the students’ motivation, both intrinsically and extrinsically, and this has favoured the acquisition of greater fluency and reading comprehension concerning the control group. It is concluded that motivation, emotional intelligence, fluency and reading comprehension are higher in experimental group than those achieved by students in the control group. This shows that the Reading Plan developed by the experimental group positively impacts the improvement of these dimensions in the students.