bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Leishmania spp. in dogs in northern Serbia
Authors: Marcic Doroteja , Zekic-Stosic Marina , Milosevic Smiljana , Pusic Ivan , Potkonjak Aleksandar , Tasic-Otasevic Suzana , Savic Sara
Published: January 2021

Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania spp. Serbia was an
endemic region for this disease until the second half of the 20th century.
Nowadays, canine leishmaniosis appears to be a re-emerging vector-borne
disease in Serbia. Its spread is enabled by the presence of Phlebotomus spp.
sandflies in this region. The objective of this study was to establish the
seroprevalence of Leishmania spp. in dogs being kept in shelters in Serbia
and compare those that apply and those that do not apply prophylactic
measures against arthropod vectors. This cross-sectional study involved 336
dogs in two regions in Northern Serbia during 2019-2020. A commercial
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test was used to establish the prevalence
of seropositive dogs. In the shelters that applied prophylactic measures
against arthropod vectors, dogs were seronegative (n=52), while in those
without these measures, 2.1% (6/284) were seropositive against Leishmania
spp. In conclusion, the presence of dogs seropositive against Leishmania
spp. in shelters that did not apply prophylactic measures may indicate that
the local population of sandflies is a source of Leishmania spp. parasites.
Tinjauan Azitromisin Pada Penyakit Virus Korona 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Donsu Yosefien Christania , Hasmono Didik
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The World Health Organization has declared this disease a pandemic, where the scale of the spread of the disease occurs globally throughout the world. Currently, there is no validated pharmacological treatment for COVID-19 disease, and is still in the clinical trial stage. Azithromycin in conjunction with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine has been proposed as a treatment that can improve the prognosis of COVID-19. This review aims to describe the mechanism of action and effectiveness of azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The review of the article literature was carried out through internet searches by accessing the database from google scholar, PubMed, and science direct sites. The inclusion criteria in this review are articles using azithromycin in clinical trials and COVID-19 therapy which were published from December 2019 to October 2020. Azithromycin is a macrolide antibacterial and is based on studies having antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The use of azithromycin can lower viral load when added to hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients based on small-scale clinical studies. Azithromycin used with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine has shown good results, although it raises concerns about the risk of increased side effects of prolonged QT interval so that monitoring of the heart is needed and proven in a larger number of COVID-19 patients. The decision to use azithromycin must take into account the potential benefits and risks, evaluating the possibility of the drug being more effective than the risks to the patient.
Kilpailukykyloikasta ruutitynnyriin: Metaforat ja affektiivisuus poliittisen kriisin journalismissa
Authors: Vainikka Eliisa , Kanner Antti , Era Riikka , Harju Auli , Koivunen Anu , Seuri Olli , Mäkelä Eetu
Published: January 2021

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan Juha Sipilän (kesk.) hallituksen kilpailukykysopimusprosessia (2015–2016) koskevaa journalismia kielessä esiintyvien metaforien kautta. Tutkimuksemme etenee laskennallisten menetelmien avulla käsitellystä laajasta aineistosta (HS, YLE, STT ja Iltalehti) rajatumman aineiston laadulliseen lähilukuun. Tutkimus käsittelee sitä, millaisena kilpailukykysopimukseen liittyvä poliittinen prosessi esitettiin kielessä esiintyvien metaforisten ilmausten kautta. Vastaamme kahteen tutkimuskysymykseen: Miten kilpailukykysopimustapausta merkityksellistetään journalismissa sekä mitä metaforilla tehdään journalismin kielessä. Näkökulmanamme on metaforien yhdistäminen affektiivisuuden käsitteeseen, joka ymmärretään tässä tutkimuksessa laajasti kielen kommunikatiivisena ja dialogisena ulottuvuutena. Metaforisessa kielessä on tällöin kyse affektiivisesta merkityksellistämisestä, minkä kautta ohjataan lukijan huomiota, säädellään etäisyyttä ja läheisyyttä suhteessa lukijoihin sekä rakennetaan lukijasuhdetta. Metaforat saavat siis journalismissa niin argumentaatioon kuin lukijasuhteen rakentamiseenkin liittyviä tehtäviä. Kilpailukykysopimusta jäsennettiin journalismissa erityisesti kolmen metaforamaailman, matkan, draaman ja sodan kautta. Matkan ja liikkeen metaforan kautta kuvattiin erityisesti poliittisia prosesseja sekä talouden liikkeitä; matkametafora tuottaa käsitystä politiikasta strategisena hallintona ja hallintana, jossa kansalaisten ja lukijoiden rooli on rajattu. Sodan maailmaan liittyvät voimakkaat metaforat kuvasivat politiikkaa konflikteina ja vastakkaisten pyrkimysten yhteentörmäyksinä. Draaman maailmaan liittyvillä metaforilla taas otettiin etäisyyttä politiikan toimijoihin ja kutsuttiin lukijoita seuraamaan politiikkaa etäältä, yhdessä sitä arvioivan journalismin kertojan kanssa.
The Relationship Between Community Development and Community Empowerment of Historical Tourism in Sawahlunto
Authors: Handayani Eva , Pamungkas Alim Harun
Published: January 2021

This research is based on the lack of community participation in participating in community empowerment in the Sawahlunto, from this problem, the researchers resulted in the development of historical tourism is low. The purpose of this study is to see a picture of community empowerment, to see an overview of the development of historical tourism and the relationship between the two. This type of research is used in quantitative research with a correlational approach. The population in this study is the people living around historical tourist objects in Sawahlunto City in 2020, amounting to 40 people. Respondents in this study amounted to 40 people. The technique of collecting data is in the form of a questionnaire using a data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire. The data collection technique in this study used a percentage formula. The research results show: 1) community empowerment is still low, 2) historical tourism development is still low, 3) there is a significant relationship between community empowerment and the development of historical tourism in Sawahlunto City.Keywords: Empowerment, Development, Community
The Relationship Between the Family Communication and Talking Early Children at the Pisang Village Kinali Districts Pasaman Barat
Authors: Shaumi Annisa Miftahus , Ismaniar Ismaniar
Published: January 2021

This research was motivated by the low speaking ability of early childhood in Pisang Village, Kinali District, Pasaman Regency. It is suspected that one of the reasons is because the communication applied in the family is not quite right. This study aims to: 1) describe the communication that occurs in the family; 2) describe early childhood speech skills; and 3) looking at the relationship between communication within the family and the speaking ability of aged children in Pisang Village, Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency. This research is correlational quantitative research. The population in this study were 26 housewives who had children aged 4-5 years. The sample amounted to 19 people with sampling using a simple random sampling technique. The data collection technique used a questionnaire and a check for the observation of the development of speech in early childhood. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the correlation formula of the Sperman Rho correlation. The results of this study indicate: 1) the communication that occurs within the family in Pisang Village is in the wrong category; 2) the speaking ability of early childhood in Kampung Pisang is still low; and 3) there is a significant relationship between communication within the family and the speaking ability of early childhood in Pisang Village, Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency. Research suggestions are: 1) it is hoped that the family can implement good, dynamic, intensive, and harmonious communication with children, to improve their speaking ability in children; and 2) it is hoped that further researchers will be able to examine other variables that affect the development of children's self-speech abilitiesKeywords: communication, speech application, early childhood, family education
The Relationship Parents’ Attention and the Interest of Community Learning in Nagari Koto Taratak Sutera Sub-District Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Andre Yova , Sunarti Vevi
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by a phenomenon that occurs in Nagari Koto Taratak, Sutera District, Pesisir Selatan, namely the low interest in learning from the community. This is evidenced by the large number of students who have dropped out of school, both formal and non-formal education. The cause of the low interest in learning in the community is thought to be due to parents who do not pay enough attention, then it has a negative impact on the development of their education. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the attention of parents, describe the interest in community learning and the significant relationship between parents' attention and community learning interest in Kenagarian Koto Taratak, Sutera District, Pesisir Selatan. This type of research is correlational quantitative. The population in this study were people who dropped out of school in Kenagarian Koto Taratak, Sutera District, Pesisir Selatan. The sampling technique in this study was cluster random sampling. The data collection technique is a questionnaire. The data collection tool is a list of statements. The data analysis technique used the percentage formula and rho spearman. The results of this study are low parental attention, low community interest in learning and there is a significant relationship between parental attention and community learning interest in Kenagarian Koto Taratak, Sutera District, Pesisir Selatan Regency. Suggestions in this study are expected that parents pay more attention to children's learning activities because high attention is needed by children in the learning process so that children's learning interests will grow well, it is hoped that parents can create good relationships with children to communicate children's learning activities at school. So that parents can continue to provide motivational encouragement, meet student learning needs, and find out about children's learning progress.Keywords: parental attention, interest in learning
The Allelopathic Effects Characteristics of Fresh Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) Leaves Extract on the Germination and Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L.) Sprouts
Authors: Sani Dian Putri , Handayani Tundjung Tripeni , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Lande Martha Lulus
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) leaves extract on the germination and growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L.). This study employed the completely randomized design with Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) leaves extract as the primary factor within 5 levels of concentration, namely 0% v/v, 5% v/v, 10% v/v, 15% v/v, and 20% v/v. The treatments were repeated 5 times. The variables measured in this study were root length, fresh and dry weight (aerial part and root), the length of aerial part, relative water content, and the total count of chlorophyll a,b. The homogeneity of the data was tested using the Levene statistics. The results showed that allelopathy of the Jatropha caused a stimulatory effect on the fresh weight and the dry weight of the sprouts with a maximum concentration of 10% v/V. The fresh weight increased from 38.22 to 49.16 or 22.25% while the dry weight increased from 3.40 to 4.42 or 23.07%. Karakteristik Efek Alelopati Ekstrak Air Daun Segar Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.) Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Kecambah Sawi Pakcoy (Brasicca Rapa L.) Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak air daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kecambah sawi pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan faktor utamanya adalah ekstrak air daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi yaitu 0% v/v, 5% v/v, 10% v/v, 15% v/v, dan 20% v/v sebagai perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5x. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini panjang akar, berat segar dan berat kering (aerial part dan akar), panjang aerial part, kadar air relative, dan kandungan klorofil a,b serta total kecambah. Data yang diperoleh di homogenitas dengan uji Levene. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alelopati dari jarak pagar menyebabkan efek stimulasi terhadap berat segar kecambah dan berat kering kecambah dengan konsentrasi maksimum 10% v/v. Berat segar mengalami peningkatan dari 38,22 menjadi 49,16 atau sebesar 22,25% sedangkan berat kering mengalami peningkatan dari 3,40 menjadi 4,42 atau sebesar 23,07%.
Does Teacher-Researcher Role Conflict Influence Psychological Well-Being Among the Lecturers?
Authors: Rafsanjani Mohamad Arief , Pamungkas Heni Purwa , Prakoso Albrian Fiky , Sholikhah Ni'matush
Published: January 2021

The lecturer is a profession with two different functions: a teacher and a researcher. Teaching and research activities are inseparable and reciprocal and provide great benefit for lecturers. But, doing those activities simultaneously makes a high workload for the lecturer. This research employed the job demands-resources model to investigate the link between teacher-researcher role conflict and psychological well-being. This research was carried out on 250 lecturers in East Java, coming from three big cities, Surabaya, Malang, and Jember, taken by random sampling. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the research model. The results found that the teacher-researcher role conflict has a significant negative effect on work enthusiasm. On the contrary, the teacher-researcher role conflict has a significant positive effect on emotional exhaustion. These findings provide evidence to stakeholders (Universities and The Ministry of Education and Culture) to be more concerned about the dual role that lecturers must carry out as a teacher and a researcher.
Historical formation and modern problems of design
Authors: Hajiyev Imash Adyshirin , Akhmetshina Elmira Gabdulovna , Mukhametzyanova Liliya Rinatovna , Kadyirov Timur Rashitovich
Published: January 2021

In contrast to other areas of art, the emergence of design took place in the conditions of accelerated industrialization. In this sense, it is emphasized that it belongs to industrial art. At the end of the 19th  century, the conditions created in different countries of Western Europe gave a boost to the development of design on a scientific - theoretical basis. At this time, the original theories of design appeared. The long-term development of this work became even more enriched by the activities of the alliance and the school, such as the German Verkbund, the German Bauhaus and the Soviet VHUTEMAS. In modern terms, design has become the main driving force of socio-cultural development of society. The presented material discusses the role of design in solving the task of creating the object (product) and their formation. In a broad sense, the two most important factors in this direction are the main – functionalism and aesthetic principles. The model analyzes the problem of maximum accounting utilitarian-functional indicators, the relationship between content and form.
Creation of staff involvement as part of the strategic human resource management in a company
Authors: Tyugaev Aleksey Romanovich
Published: January 2021

Based on the analysis of the literature, the system of strategic effective management of the company was studied. It is noted that the implementation of the strategic goals by an organization can only be achieved through forming a common goal for all participants and staff involvement. Tools for the formation of employee engagement are proposed. Thanks to SPMS, employees and managers understand mutual expectations, thus reducing the number of conflict situations and ambiguous understanding of everyone's job responsibilities. The decrease in staff turnover, the growth of the customer satisfaction index, and the active participation of employees in a store’s projects make it possible to assess staff involvement. SPMS allows establishing the relationship between the strategic goals of the company with the daily functional responsibilities of staff, involving employees in the phased implementation of the strategy, giving importance to the work of each employee, and determining their contribution to the implementation of strategic goals.
Students’ Perception towards the Use of Worksheet as Helping Tools in Semantics Class
Authors: Damayanti Sri , Irwan Irwan , Jusriati Jusriati
Published: January 2021

The writer set the problem of this research such as how is the students’ perception toward the use of worksheet as helping tools in semantics class? and what are the advantages of using a worksheet? The aim of this study is to describe the students’ perception of the use of worksheets as helping tools in semantics class and to find the advantages of using it. The subject of this research is the fifth-semester students in the English Department at the University of Cokroaminoto Palopo. The method of this study is a descriptive study. The procedures of collecting data are giving questionnaires and interviews and then the writer analyzed the data by adopting Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman's pattern. There were three steps; data reduction, data display, and conclusion. After that, the writer tabulated the gained data in making the description of the data. The result of this study shows; (1) Students are giving positive and good perception on the use of worksheet as helping tools in semantics class and (2) The advantage of using the worksheet as helping tools in teaching semantics are; it helped the students in understanding the question and answering the question easily, it also helped them in remembering the past material by using the worksheet and it gave them some motivation to learn English Semantics. So, it can be concluded that the use of worksheets as helping tools in semantics class got a positive response from the students and it also gave them some advantages.
Spatial Analysis of the Zolotarevka Fortified Settlement Structures
Authors:   Penza State University, Belorybkin Gennadiy N. , Osipova Tatiana V. ,   Penza State University, Sobol Ariel S. ,   Penza State University
Published: January 2021

The article examines the structures of the Zolotarevka fortified settlement (a medieval fortress in the upper reaches of the Sura River, Penza region), both from the points of view of building technologies and of spatial analysis. The zones of residential buildings and zones of economic and industrial structures were identified. The buildings themselves were located chaotically along the territory of the fortified settlement but were tied to internal roads. The average size of residential buildings was 4×3 m, and the economic – 2×2 m. Usually the pockets for cooking were located next to the side and fenced with wattle. Among the features two long structures (barracks) with a rammed platform between them may be singled out. The study of these materials also made it possible to identify the traditions of Ancient Russia and Volga Bulgaria. Particular attention is paid by the authors to the defensive structures that were formed over the years from 10th to 13th centuries and retain a number of unique elements. First of all, these were trapping pits located in a checkerboard pattern on the floor side of the settlement as well as coating the ditch with clay and internal paths along the rampart. To summarize, these facts make the Zolotarevka fortified settlement a reference monument of the medieval history of Eastern Europe.
The Fragment of Enameled Glass Vessel from the Bolgar Excavation (Russia)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Khramchenkova Rezida Kh. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Gubaidullin Airat M. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Degryse Patrick ,   Department of Earth and Environmental Science, KU Leuven (Belgium), Biktagirova Ilvina R. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev - KAI, Ogorodnikov Aleksey D. ,   Mari State University, Danilov Pavel S. ,   Mari State University
Published: January 2021

This paper is devoted to the interdisciplinary study of an enameled glass fragment found in the excavation of the Bolgar fortified settlement (Russia). The artifact comes from excavation site CLXXII of the so-called aristocratic district of the city. A comparison to a collection of Islamic drinking glasses from the Nasser Khalili collection shows the identity of the enamel pattern decor. The artifact was investigated by a series of analytical methods: scanning optical and electron microscopy (OSEM) and optical emission spectral analysis (OES). The results of the OES studies revealed that the basis is soda-lime glass. OSEM determined that different enamel colors were obtained from lapis lazuli, nepheline, diopside, bone ash, hematite, and lead-tin additive. Comparison of element’s concentrations with data of the Brill catalog of archaeological glass made it possible to identify the Bulgarian fragment as Egyptian glass produced in the late 13th – early 14th centuries.
Experience of Ultrasonic Use to Stabilize Archaeological Iron Artifacts with Active Corrosion
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Burshneva Svetlana G. ,   Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsova Olga B. ,   Vologda State University, Smirnova Natalia V. ,   Kirillo-Belozersky museum, Voropay Ludmila M. ,   Vologda State University
Published: January 2021

Of all the complex problems of museum storage of archaeological objects, iron objects represent one of the most difficult. In the process of corrosion, an iron object passes through several stages, from oxidation of the metal surface to full mineralization. The greatest problem consists of the items in the stages of oxidation, when the metal is almost completely corroded and converted into minerals. Mineral peels exfoliate under the influence of active corrosion, leading to a loss of historical significance of the object. In the world’s practice of archaeological iron conservation, there are several different ways of stabilization, but none of them can guarantee the integrity of the iron artifact during its museum storage. To date, the most effective conservation method of stabilizing archaeological iron is alkaline sulfite treatment. However, this method has a number of drawbacks, the main of which is the duration of the stabilizing treatment. The authors consider the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the method of processing archaeological iron objects in an alkaline sulfite solution by means of ultrasonic solution activation. In the course of the experimental study, it has been established that the use of ultrasonic in alkaline sulfite treatment hugely increases the efficiency of the method.
Burial complex of equestrian class representatives from the northwestern Khazaria
Authors:   Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after G. S. Skovoroda, Koloda Volodymyr V. , Aksonov Viktor S. ,   M. F. Sumtsov Kharkiv Historical Museum
Published: January 2021

The authors analyze the plentiful material complex that was discovered at the cremation burial ground in the vicinity of the Staraia Pokrovka village of Chuhuiv District in Kharkiv oblast. On account of the absence of any bone remains this complex doesn’t belong to burial sites. However, it is connected with the Saltovo people’s burial ritualism in the forest-steppe zone of the Khazar Khaganate. On the basis of multiple analogies of considered artifacts from Saltovo-Mayaki sites, this material complex can be dated to the second half of 8th – early 9th centuries.The presence of military items, equestrian equipment and nomad living items allows to refer it to the burial complexes of the equestrian warrior class representatives. There are the second fibula, two cosmetic kits (“ostensories”), tweezers with chain and mirror with graffiti, which point to the fact that part of things refer to women's dressing. A bronze ring found in the complex probably belonged to a woman, as well. Two sets of things appertained to two heterosexual individuals. These findings show that complex under study apparently accompanied the pair burial.
Multi-Attribute Decision Making using Hybrid Approach based on Benefit-Cost Model for Sustainable Fashion
Authors: Adriyendi Adriyendi , Melia Yeni
Published: January 2021

Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) is used to select the best alternative from multi-alternatives based on multi-attribute (fashion material) and multi-criteria (sustainable fashion). Multi-alternatives are cotton, linen, silk, wool, acrylic, nylon, polyester, rayon, spandex, and mixed. Multi-attributes are material, texture, color, characteristic, comfort, and wearability. Multi-criteria are material fiber, smooth texture, faded color, elastic clothing, useful long, chilly and comfortable. Hybrid approaches and optimal solutions are needed to determine the best choice in decision making for both producers and consumers. The hybrid approach in MADM used is Simple Multi-Attribute Rating (SMART), Multi-Factor Evaluation Process (MFEP), Multi-Object Optimization based on Ratio Analysis (MOORA), Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), and Weighted Product (WP). SMART and MFEP are based on the Non-Benefit Cost Model while MOORA, SAW, and WP are based on a Benefit-Cost Model. The experimental results show that the SMART model with the best alternative is the rayon with the highest value (2.8333). The selection of the MFEP Model with the best alternative is rayon with the highest value (2.8330). The choice of MOORA model with the best alternative is rayon with the highest value (0.2595). The selection of the SAW Model with the best alternative is rayon with the highest value (0.8932). The selection of the WP Model with the best alternative is rayon with the highest value (0.1285). MADM using SMART, MFEP, MOORA, SAW, and WP for sustainable fashion yields the best alternative for consumption and production for the middle-class population in Indonesia.
Bazı Feng Qi tipli (p,q)-integral eşitsizlikleri
Authors: GENÇTÜRK İlker
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, [1] nolu kaynakta ortaya atılan probleme ilişkin literatürde daha önce yapılan Feng Qi tipli integral eşitsizlikleri göz önüne alınarak bu tipteki integral eşitsizliklerinin (p,q)-analogları benzer metotlar kullanılarak elde edilmiştir.
Synthesis of Dipeptides and Ruthenium-Phenanthroline Derivative for Photo Redox Studies
Authors: Gondi Sudershan Reddy
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of a dipeptides and ruthenium phenanthroline-amine for the study of photoinitiated electron transfer (ET) in dipeptides were described.
Excited State Character of Cibalackrot-Type Compounds Interpreted in Terms of Hückel-Aromaticity: A Rational for Singlet Fission Chromophore Design
Authors: Zeng Weixuan , El Bakouri Ouissam , Szczepanik Dariusz , Bronstein Hugo , Ottosson Henrik
Published: January 2021

The exact energies of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states in organic chromophores are crucial to their performance in optoelectronic devices. The possibility of utilizing singlet fission to enhance the performance of photovoltaic devices has resulted in a wide demand for tuneable, stable organic chromophores with wide S1 – T1 energy gaps (>1 eV). Cibalackrot-type compounds were recently considered to have favorably positioned excited state energies for singlet fission, and they were found to have a degree of aromaticity in the lowest triplet excited state (T1). This work reports on a revised and deepened theoretical analysis taking into account the excited state Hückel-aromatic (instead of Baird-aromatic) as well as diradical characters, with the aim to design new organic chromophores based on this scaffold in a rational way starting from qualitative theory. We demonstrate that the substituent strategy can effectively adjust the spin populations on the chromophore moieties and thereby manipulate the excited state energy levels. Additionally, the improved understanding of the aromatic characters enables us to demonstrate a feasible design strategy to vary the excited state energy levels by tuning the number and nature of Hückel-aromatic units in the excited state. Finally, our study elucidates the complications and pitfalls of the excited state aromaticity and antiaromaticity concepts, highlighting that quantitative results from quantum chemical calculations of various aromaticity indices must be linked with qualitative theoretical analysis of the character of the excited states.
Quantifying Nanoparticle Assembly States in Polymer Matrix Through Deep Learning
Authors: Qu Eric , Jimenez Andrew , Kumar Sanat , Zhang Kai
Published: January 2021

There is great interest in controlling the spatial dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) in an organic polymer matrix, because this centrally underpins the property enhancements obtained from these hybrid materials. Currently, qualitative information on NP spatial distribution is obtained by visual inspection of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Quantitative information is only indirectly obtained through the use of scattering probes such as small angle X-ray/neutron scattering. While the main challenge, that scattering probes operate in reciprocal space, can be remedied by Fourier inverting the data into real space, a much harder issue is deconvolving the contribution of the particle form factor (which is affected by the details of the NP size and shape) from the structure factor which contains information on the NP spatial distribution. These problems become acute when we deal with the popular topic of NPs grafted with polymer chains, because the polymeric corona, and hence the particle form factor, becomes context dependent and hard to quantify. To make progress, we develop and apply a deep-learning based image analysis method to quantify the distribution of spherical NPs in a polymer matrix directly from their real-space TEM images. A dataset of NP detection (DOPAD) is built by manually labeling particle positions on experimental TEM images of diverse polymer composite systems. A convolutional neural network (CNN) object detection model is then trained on DOPAD. Together with sliding-window and merging algorithms, an automated pipeline is established, which takes a large TEM image as input and extracts NP locations and sizes. We validate the structural information resulting from this method against SAXS derived structural information for NPs ordered by polymer crystallization, and then use it to distinguish between different states of the assembly of polymer grafted NPs in a polymer matrix achieved by using their surfactancy. We show that this data-rich protocol allows us to draw critical facets of experimental behavior which have previously not been accessible. The DOPAD dataset, Python source code and trained model are shared on GitHub.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA PENGAJARAN DOSEN MELALUI KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN PSIKOLOGIS DASAR DENGAN PEMEDIASI MOTIVASI KERJA
Authors: Herminingsih Anik
Published: January 2021

Kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap proses belajar mengajar perlu mendapat perhatian dari manajemen perguruan tinggi karena mempengaruhi loyalitas mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dasar terhadap kinerja proses belajar mengajar dengan motivasi kerja sebagai variabel pemediasi. Sebanyak 51 orang dosen yang dipilih secara acak diambil dari 577 dosen tetap di Universitas Mercu Buana. Data primer diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuisoner, kemudian diolah dengan model analisis jalur dengan bantuan program AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemenuhan kebutuhan psikologis dasar dengan dimensi-dimensi kompetensi, otonomi dan keterikatan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dosen dalam proses belajar mengajar baik secara langsung maupun melalui motivasi intrinsik sebagai variabel pemediasi. Adapun kepemimpinan transformasional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi intrinsik maupun terhadap kinerja dosen.

  

Kata kunci : motivasi intrinsik, kompetensi, otonomi, keterikatan
BRAND PERSONALITY DAN GENDER BRAND PERSONALITY STRATEGI MEMBANGUN MEREK
Authors: Murwanto Haris
Published: January 2021

Merek adalah hal yang harus dimiliki dan melekat pada produk apabila menginginkan produk dapat diterima oleh konsumen. Dalam membuat merek, sebuah merek harus memiliki aspek tangible dan intangible. Aspek tangible yang terdiri dari nama, logo, slogan dan kemasan, hal ini berkaitan dengan persepsi yang ingin dibangun dari merek tersebut. Secara visual, logo dibuat dengan baik termasuk pemberian warna agar mudah diingat, mudah merepresentasikan sebuah produk dalam hal manfaat dan kegunaan serta mencerminkan kualitas produk. Aspek intangible yang terdiri dari nilai dan citra merek akan didapat dari reputasi merek tersebut.

Dalam membuat, menetapkan dan membangun merek, hendaknya diperhatikan dengan seksama brand personality seperti apa yang akan dimiliki oleh merek tersebut, jika sudah diketahui target pasar yang akan dimasuki akan lebih mudah membentuk brand personality pada merek tersebut. Jika target pasar produk tersebut adalah orang-orang yang bersifat sederhana dan ceria maka brand personality difokuskan kepada dimensi sincerity (ketulusan), jika target pasarnya adalah orang-orang yang berkepribadian dinamis fokus pada dimensi excitement (kegembiraan), jika ingin target pasarnya orang-orang yang percaya diri maka fokus pada dimensi competence (kompetensi), jika target pasarnya orang-orang yang senang glamor dan tampil mempesona dapat fokus pada dimensi sophistication (kecanggihan) dan jika ingin target pasar orang-orang yang senang bertualang, berpenampilan gagah maka fokus pada dimensi ruggedness (ketangguhan). Alternatif lain adalah gabungan dari beberapa dimensi brand personality yang ada.

  

Kata Kunci : Brand Personality, Gender, Strategi
ANALISIS PERAN BAURAN PEMASARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN (Studi Kasus pada Ayam Geprek Sako Blora 1)
Authors: Wahyuni Rini , Mulyantomo Edy , Suryawardana Edy
Published: January 2021

Bauran pemasaran adalah salah satu cara untuk memenangkan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan baik untuk perusahaan baik untuk perusahaan yang menghasilkan barang atau jasa. Bauran pemasaran dirancang untuk menentukan arah, tujuan keputusan pemasaran dalam bisnis yang berkaitan dengan segmentasi pasar, identifikasi target pasar, dan elemen bauran pemasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mendapatkan gambaran tentang peran strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan penjualan.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kreadibilitas penelitian menggunakan triangulasi, serta dalam analisis interaksif dengan menggunakan analisis teknis berupa reduksi data, oresentasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya yang dilakukan oleh Ayam Geprek Sako Blora 1 dalam meningkatkan penjualan adalah: (1) menjual produk menggunakan kualitas terbaik, mempertahankan dosis resep, dan menyediakan beberapa varian produk (2) menentukan harga jual sesuai dengan kualitas dan rasakan dan sesuaikan harga bahan baku (3) pilih lokasi yang strategis dengan menyediakan tempat makan yang nyaman dan tempat parkir yang luas (4) membuat papan nama, promosi dari mulut ke mulut dan memberikan layanan lebih banyak.

  

Kata kunci = kualitas produk, varian produk, harga, lokasi, promosi
Discussion on the Reform of Chinese Major Curriculum Setting in Cambodian Universities
Authors: Gao Han
Published: January 2021

With the implementation of the strategy for Chinese international promotion, the diversified social development needs are constantly adjusting the direction of Chinese education promotion, onefold course setting can no longer meet the increasingly abundant practical needs of Chinese. In order to make Chinese education and teaching in Cambodia better, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the setting of Chinese courses in colleges and universities from the perspectives of social-based value orientation, and reform the relevant Chinese curriculum by developing special-purpose Chinese courses, filling in the gaps in cultural courses, and adding courses to cultivate students' innovative thinking and scientific spirit.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INQUIRY LEARNING MODELS INTEGRATED WITH NESTED TO INCREASE STUDENT’S CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS ON ELECTROLYTE AND NON-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION MATERIALS
Authors: Fadlilah Anis , Nasrudin Harun
Published: January 2021

This research purpose to describe the implementation of inquiry learning integrated by Nested, students' activities, critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes after the implementation of learning models on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. The research design used is "one group pre-test post-test design". The method used in this study is observation and test methods. The results of the study indicate the application of learning gained an average percentage at meeting 1 of 93.75% and at the second meeting of 97.91% with very good criteria and supported with relevant student activity data, students' critical thinking skills increased with the average N-gain on the interpretation indicator is 0.78; analysis indicators of 0.83; indicator of inference of 0.74; and evaluation indicators by 0.84 with high criteria. In addition, student learning outcomes also reached classical completeness of 88.57%.
ANALISA KEMACETAN PROGRAM BUMDES SUKA MAJU
Authors: Br Siahaan Shanti Veronica , Vuspitasari Benedhikta Kikky
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by a government program about accelerating village independence through the implementation of the BUMDes program activities that have not been running since 2017 in Suka Maju village, Sungai Betung District, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan. The purpose of this research is to find out the causes of bottlenecks in the BUMDes program and to provide input for the village government in carrying out the next BUMDes program. This research uses descriptive qualitative research techniques conducted by direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation in which the research participants, namely the Village Head, the Village Head Officer, and the core management of BUMDes were selected by purposefull sampling. Testing the correctness of the data using triangulation techniques. The results showed that the non-progress of BUMDes activities that had been launched since the formation of BUMDes management in 2017 was due to human resource issues where the inadequate capacity of understanding and knowledge about BUMDes owned by the Village Head and BUMDes administrators made this program not yet a priority program for the government. Suka Maju village and also a lack of commitment to implementing the BUMDes program so that it has not been able to drive the village economy as expected.
Teknik Showing Berbantuan Multi Media Kreatif untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Narasi
Authors: Rosidah Faiqotur
Published: January 2021

Penelitian pembelajaran teknik Showing berbantuan multimedia kreatif  ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keterampilan  menulis teks narasi siswa SMPN 3 Peterongan. Istilah Showing mengacu pada dua hal, yang pertama berarti menunjukkan dan yang kedua berarti akronim dari tahap Survei, Hadirkan Objek, Wujudkan, Imajinasikan, Narasikan, dan Gaungkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan pembelajaran dengan model 4D yang dikembangkan Thiagarajan, dkk (1974) yang terdiri atas tahap define (pendefinisian; melakukan analisis kebutuhan), design (perancangan bahan ajar dengan teknik Showing dan validasi bahan ajar), develop (pengembangan; uji coba penggunaan bahan ajar yang telah dirancang), dan dessiminate (pendesiminasian; pelaksanaan pembelajaran di kelas yang telah dijadikan subjek penelitian). Subjek penelitian ini ada empat kelas, yakni kelas 7I dan 7J serta kelas 9D dan 9E Jumlah keseluruhan subjek penelitian  129 siswa. Adapun  hasil penelitian ini secara kelompok 97% tuntas dan secara individual 95% tuntas.
Kontigensi Perilaku Birokrasi Pemda: Reviu Hasil Penelitian Disertasi Almarhum Dr. Kadjatmiko, M.Soc.Sc.
Authors: Dharma Surya , Patar Simatupang
Published: January 2021

Each organization, include the organization of kabupaten and kota governments in Indonesia unavoidably needs bureaucracy. The behaviour of bureaucracy is not independent, but attributable to and affected by other factors. The result of the research is the behaviour of the bureaucracy of governments in kabupatens and kotas was marked with the strengthening of the characteristics of professional bureaucratic behaviour in the form of being open, adaptive and appreciative; form of activities that are based on formal and informal relation; nature of common activities bound by shared vision and mission of providing public services, etc. The existing local government’s leadership, organizational structure and learning organization are perceived as the main driver in building trust among colleagues that leads to organizational change. Therefore, these factors does have significant effect on bureaucracy.
Profil Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMA Negeri 3 Pemalang pada Konsep Solar Cell
Authors: Tayuda Laswadi Arif , Siswanto Joko
Published: January 2021

In order to achieve the goal of national education, students are required to have creative thinking skills, especially in abstract subjects such as chemistry. This study aims to discern the profile of creative thinking in class XI SMA Negeri 3 Pemalang on the Solar Cell concept material for the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The research subjects were 34 students of class XI of Pemalang 3 High School. The research method used is the quantitative descriptive method. The variable of this research is the ability to think creatively measured through written tests in the form of essay questions. Retrieval of data using questions that were developed from four indicators of creative thinking, each question was scored with a score of 1-4 with the criteria of each indicator. Based on the research results of the creative thinking ability of 3 Pemalang State High School students is 16.6 (56%) out of a maximum score of 32. When viewed from the ability of students based on fluency indicators of 1.8 (56%), Flexibility 2.5 (75%), Originality 2.4 (65%), and Elaboration 1.6 (40%). The results of the students' creative thinking abilities are lacking. Therefore, the ability of students to think creatively needs to be improved in the learning process.
Analisis Motivasi Kuliah sambil Bekerja pada Mahasiswa PGSD FKIP Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda
Authors: Oktaviani Siska , Adha Ahmad Syafi
Published: January 2021

This research is done to know the motivation of what is behind the students run a lecture activity that requires science as a form of responsibility as a student and in addition also undergoes work activities that are working on a task to get wages or satisfaction. In this study, researchers used qualitative research with a case study approach, where researchers investigated carefully a program, event, activity, process, or group of individuals. The subject of this study is the students of the PGSD FKIP UWGM from the 2016 to 2019 class who are undergoing college activities while working. To obtain the necessary data in this study conducted various techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques conducted include data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Research findings show that the motivation of students to run a lecture while working because students ' desire to be independent and change their life for the better, by gaining a high education but they must fight the matter by working so that their needs are the cost of living, tuition fees, and other expenses can be fulfilled without having to ask with parents. And try to balance both activities in order to run well and support each other.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar IPS Melalui Model Pembelajaran STAD Berbantuan Media Kartu Bergambar pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rusita Rina , Hanif Muhammad , Sudarmiani Sudarmiani
Published: January 2021

This study aims to improve students’ social sciences learning achievement for fourth-grade students at the state elementary school of Campursari, Sambit, Ponorogo regency in the academic year 2019/2020. The subject lesson on students’ tasks through the STAD learning model (student teams-achievement divisions) assisted by pictorial card media. The research design was used as a qualitative-quantitative method or mixed-method. This type of research commonly called classroom action research which consisted of three cycles. The research subjects were 20 students from fourth-grade students. The instruments were used conducting observation, tests, and documentation techniques. To collect the data, I used observation sheets of STAD model learning implementation, student activity observation sheets, group activity widths, and post-test questions. The results showed that the use of the STAD learning model assisted by the pictorial card media definitely can improve the students’ social sciences learning achievement of fourth-grade students. This enhancement is witnessed by the increasing of the average score of pre-cycle learning achievement from 60 increased to 73.50 in the first cycle, then increased 85.25 in the second cycle, finally increased up to 88.75 in the third cycle. The percentage of pre-cycle learning achievement from 40% increased to 75% in the first cycle, then increased to 85.25% in the second cycle, finally increased again until 100% in the third cycle. The writer states that the application of the STAD learning model assisted by the pictorial card media absolutely can improve the students’ social sciences learning achievement.
Temática Agrotóxico na Prática Pedagógica de Professoras de Ciências: Das Compreensões às Possibilidades de Intervenção
Authors: Fonseca Eril Medeiros da , Lindemann Renata Hernandez
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho, de cunho qualitativo, é um recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, em nível de mestrado, que tem como objetivo analisar a compreensão de professoras de Ciências sobre a abordagem do tema agrotóxico em aula e pensar possibilidades de contribuir para um ensino de Ciências que problematize questões locais. Contou com a participação de onze dos doze professores de Ciências da rede de ensino municipal de Dom Pedrito, interior do Rio Grande do Sul. O instrumento de obtenção de dados utilizado foi um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. A partir da análise textual discursiva, foi possível identificar compreensões favoráveis à abordagem de questões sobre o contexto, mesmo as professoras não percebendo a potencialidade dos temas para uma formação crítica. Em alguma medida, o tema agrotóxico é abordado em aula pelas docentes, em uma perspectiva conceitual, como um exemplo que ilustra conteúdos tradicionalmente trabalhados pelos programas escolares. Assim, demonstra-se, neste artigo, em formato de ensaio teórico prático, uma possibilidade de romper com a ideia de cumprir o currículo escolar tradicional de forma linear. Argumenta-se também a respeito da necessidade de pensar-se e desenvolver-se formação docente em lócus de trabalho, bem como sobre a pertinência de abordar o tema agrotóxico devido às discussões sobre questões socioambientais, políticas, econômicas e de saúde coletiva.