bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Caregivers of Palliative Care Patients on the Prevention of Pressure Ulcer
Authors: Antony Lovely , Thelly Anu Savio , Mathew Juby M.
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

Pressure ulcers are the most common condition among palliative care patients at home care facilities and impose a significant burden on patients, their relatives, and caregivers. Caregivers play a vital role in preventing pressure ulcers. When the caregivers are knowledgeable about preventing pressure ulcers, they will be able to avoid lots of discomfort for the patients. It will help the patient to achieve the best quality of life and spend the last days of life peacefully and comfortably with dignity. It is essential to develop evidence-based guidelines for caregivers of palliative care patients on pressure ulcer prevention, which may play a major role in preventing pressure ulcers. The primary objective is to implement evidence-based guidelines for caregivers of palliative care patients on pressure ulcer prevention.The secondary objective is to improve the knowledge and practice of caregivers and enable them to take measures to prevent pressure ulcer development among palliative care patients, thereby improving the quality of life of palliative care patients.

Materials and Methods:

Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), a systematic review was conducted. The search was conducted using electronic databases Pub Med, CINHAL, Cochrane and EMBASE database. The studies selected were in the English language and with free full text. The studies were selected and assessed for quality using the Cochrane risk assessment tool. Clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials conducted on pressure ulcer prevention in palliative care patients were selected for the review. Twenty Eight studies were found to be potentially relevant after screening the search results. Twelve studies were not found suitable. 5 RCTs did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, four systematic reviews, five RCTs, and two clinical practice guidelines were included in the study, and guidelines were prepared.

Results:

Based on the best available research evidence, clinical practice guidelines were developed on skin assessment, skin care, repositioning, mobilization, nutrition, and hydration to prevent pressure ulcers to guide caregivers of palliative care patients.

Conclusion:

The evidence-based nursing practice integrates the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. Evidence-based nursing practice leads to a problem-solving approach which is existing or anticipated. This will contribute to choosing appropriate preventive strategies for maintaining patients’ comfort, thereby improving the quality of life of palliative care patients. The guidelines were prepared through an extensive systematic review, RCT, and other guidelines followed in different settings and modified to suit the current setting.
Redundant nerve root syndrome mimicking an intradural spinal cord tumor: A case report
Authors: Kawajiri Satoshi , Kurokawa Ryu , Shingo Tetsuro
Published: January 2023

Background:

The redundant nerve root (RNR) syndrome is a pathological condition in which the cauda equina develops into a severely flexed/tortuous spiral mass above a level of severe lumbar stenosis.

Case Description:

A 70-year-old male presented with bilateral neurogenic claudication attributed to a MRI-documented intradural extramedullary lesion at the L1 level with severe adjacent level/inferior L2/3 stenosis. At surgery, intradural exploration at L1 revealed an edematous cauda equina consistent with the diagnosis of the RNR syndrome.

Conclusion:

The RNR syndrome should be included among the differential diagnostic considerations when non-enhancing lesions are encountered above levels of marked lumbar stenosis.
A research of the efficiency and safety of yag-laser vitreolysis in the early period of complete posterior vitreous detachment
Authors:   Academy of postgraduate education of FSBU FSCC of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Shaimova V.A. ,   «Center Zreniya», Medical Clinic, LLC, Chelyabinsk, Kuchkildina S.K. ,   «Center Zreniya», Medical Clinic, LLC, Chelyabinsk, Islamova G.R. ,   «Center Zreniya», Medical Clinic, LLC, Chelyabinsk, Titova S.V. ,   City Clinical Polyclinic No. 5, Chelyabinsk, Dmukh T.S. ,   «Oculus» Сenter for Vision Correction, Krasnoyarsk, Kravchenko T.G. ,   «Multidisciplinary Center of Laser Medicine», Chelyabinsk
Published: January 2023

Aim. To research the subjective satisfaction and morphometric parameters of the central retinal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients before and after YAG-laser vitreolysis in the early period of complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Methods. The research included 38 patients operated in the early period of complete PVD. All the patients underwent the research of subjective satisfaction, central retinal thickness (CCT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) over a period of 6 months. Results. Subjective satisfaction with treatment in patients was 93.5 %, where the complete satisfaction with the result was 47.2 %. Comparative evaluation of morphometric parameters before and after early laser vitreolysis: central retinal thickness (p = 0.176) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (p = 0.475) showed no statistically significant changes. Conclusions. The results of the research indicate the safety of laser vitreolysis in the early period after the completion of PVD (up to three months) with careful patients selection. Key words: YAG-laser vitreolysis; optical coherence tomography; vaporization.
Flood hazards and risk prediction by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process on GIS platform: a case study in lower Ajay basin, India
Authors: Mondal Kartick Chandra , Saha Sutapa , Aitch Pritam
Published: January 2023

Flood is the most common and natural disaster of the world. Fluvial flood basically occurred by the combination of hydro-geomorphological effect. But during the flood risk assessment, geomorphological condition analysis is ignored. Present research aimed to focus on flood assessment in the lower part of the Ajay river basin on the basis of present hydro-geomorphological conditions. Flood character analysis on the basis of present hydro-geomorphological status of the river also helps in the management strategy formulation. Remote sensing data, traditional topographical sheet and field work reach the present status of the river. Different layers of hydrological and geomorphological parameters are prepared in the Geographic Information System (GIS) field as per objective. By using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a decision based on comparison matrix, weighted score is extracted and in the field of GIS, the flood area is predicted. According to the categories of hazards, the extracted flood area is classified into three zones. Result depicts that 5 blocks lie in the high hazards prone area and 5 blocks are moderate. Hazards prone and validation prove that the model is 87 % correct in case of overall accuracy assessment and 81 % correct in case of Kappa statistics. Both the results of validation prove the suitability of the model.
Estimating Long-term Trend in Leaf Area Index Variations in the Vietnamese Central Highlands using Time Series LAI MODIS Imagery
Authors: Tran Thuong V. , Danh Mon , Duong Man B. , Luu Tung H. , Nguyen Dung Q.
Published: January 2023

This study examined changes in leaf area index (LAI) patterns corresponding to vegetation cover dynamics across space and time in the Vietnamese Central Highlands. We generated the mean annual LAI values during the 2002–2021 period using the MCD15A3H MODIS time-series based on the Google Earth Engine platform. Afterwards, a spatial linear regression was applied to examine spatiotemporal LAI variations in the study area. Results show that the mean LAI values between 2 and 3 covered almost all of the study area. The significant decreasing and increasing patterns in LAI trends were discovered for all provinces, but a decreasing pattern mainly distributed in Dak Nong and Gia Lai provinces. Besides, in terms of vegetation categories, an increasing LAI trend was explored in perennial croplands, while a decreasing LAI trend was found in forests and shrubs. These trends considered a conversion in land use purposes in the study area from forests to croplands over the past two decades. Additionally, the discovered information contributed to highlighting forest degradation and deforestation associated with anthropogenic activities in the region. Our study of LAI variations could assist future investigations into the affecting factors of deforestation and forest degradation and it also enables policy makers, planners and foresters to propose potential strategies for sustainable management in the future. Notably, our study shows the efficiency of the LAI MCD15A3H MODIS application for vegetation cover at a regional analysis.
Simple Synthesis Pathway of Uniform Nanoparticle TiO2 from Hydrolysis of TiCl4 and Kinetic Study of Photocatalytic Decomposition of Azo Compounds
Authors: Eddy Diana Rakhmawaty , Lestari Putri Rizka , Permana Muhamad Diki , . Juliandri , Rahayu Iman
Published: January 2023

Contamination of clean water has been recognized as a serious environmental problem. Meanwhile, photocatalyst technology is seen as a promising alternative method to overcome environmental problems. However, several obstacles are currently faced. Hydrolysis of TiCl4 to form TiO2 usually produces ununiform phase of TiO2 which makes the kinetic study of TiO2 for photocatalyst reaction difficult to determine. A new synthesis pathway to produce a uniform phase with a simple method has not been established yet. This study has found a controllable and simple route to synthesize a single anatase phase of TiO2. For this experiment, TiCl4 is used as a precursor to TiO2 and calcined at 600°C, then tested for its photocatalytic ability with a solution of organic dyes. According to the X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscope characterizations, TiO2 anatase was successfully synthesized in a single phase without impurities. Furthermore, the synthesized TiO2 was able to degrade organic dyes with a maximum degradation of 60%, 93%, 97% and 87% for methyl orange, methyl violet, bromothymol blue as well as congo red respectively and is therefore an excellent catalyst to reduce water pollutants. Finally, the photocatalytic kinetics calculated using the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first order model showed that the efficiency for the degradation of bromothymol blue showed significant results, 212% more efficient activity compared to TiO2 P25.
Preparation and Optical Studies on PAN: NaI based Gel Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Krishna Jyothi N. , Gnana Kiran M. , Tarakeswar Rao K. , Rao M.C. , Subbaiah T.
Published: January 2023

Sodium iodide (NaI) doped polymer polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based gel polymer electrolytes were synthesized with different compositions by solution cast technique. Optical characterizations were performed by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm. Optical transmission, optical absorption, energy bandgap, real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants were studied on the prepared samples. Optical absorption, absorption coefficient, refractive index and extinction coefficient achieved high values for 70% PAN:30% NaI whereas some properties like transmittance and dielectric constant for imaginary parts have achieved minimum values for the same concentration.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK AIR PERMUKAAN DI BADAN PENGELOLAAN PAJAK DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Ramadhan Akbar Syamil , Nasution Juliana
Published: January 2023

Pajak daerah merupakan salah satu sumber pendapatan terbesar yang berguna untuk membiayai kegiatan pembangunan di daerah. pajak daerah yang telah dipungut dari masyarakat di daerah yang telah dimanfaatkan dan prasarana di daerah tersebut diwajibkan untuk membayar penggunaan sumber daya dan sumber daya daerah, oleh karena itu pemerintah mewajibkan wajib pajak untuk berkontribusi dalam pembangunan daerah, salah satunya adalah membayar pajak. Salah satu pajak yang terkenal adalah pengenaan pajak atas penggunaan air permukaan, jenis pajak provinsi ini tidak dapat dipungut oleh setiap orang/wajib pajak, karena hanya wajib pajak/badan usaha saja yang menggunakan air permukaan, maka secara otomatis penerimaan pajak ini tidak begitu besar jika dibandingkan dengan jenis pajak lainnya, seperti Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor, BBNKB, dan Pajak Restoran, karena merupakan kewajiban bagi wajib pajak yang menggunakannya. Pajak Air Permukaan ini merupakan jenis Pajak yang dikelola oleh Pemerintah Daerah Tingkat I (Provinsi). Sehingga proses pelaksanaan pemungutan juga dilakukan oleh Badan Pengelola Pajak dan Retribusi Provinsi. Kantor BPPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara mengelola jenis-jenis Pajak Provinsi salah satunya Pajak Air Permukaan, namun pemungutan pajak tersebut sudah optimal, terbukti dengan target dan penerimaan Pajak Air Permukaan yang cenderung melebihi target. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemungutan Pajak Air Permukaan yang dilakukan pada Kantor BPPRD Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi, keadaan, serta kejadian faktual dan kejadian yang dijelaskan dengan menggunakan sistem bilangan yang menunjukkan ciriciri subjek. diteliti. Dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan, serta metode dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas pemungutan yang telah dilakukan oleh BPPRD selama ini (3 tahun terakhir) efektif.
Competency Analysis of Human Resources and Information Technology in Improving Employee Performance at PT. Eriadi Fatkhur Rokhman
Authors: Govinda P.
Published: January 2023

Companies in general must be able to adapt in the midst of such rapid changes. Human Resources (HR) is the most valuable asset in a company because humans are the element that plays the most role in managing which is the main characteristic of modern organizations as seen today. Employee competence affects the use of information technology, it is better to evaluate the competence of HR and information technology immediately so that in the future the company can improve employee performance. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach, where the data sources are obtained from library sources from journals, observations and interviews that still have relevance to the topic of this research. The results of this study indicate that at the Accounting Services Office of PT Eriadi Fatkhur Rokhman Medan that the Operations Manager and Treasurer / Administration who work at the Accounting Services Office of PT. Eriadi Fatkhur Rokhman Medan feels that he is quite competent in the positions given to employees. Simultaneously there is an influence between the competence of human resources and information technology in improving employee performance. This needs to be considered and taken into account so that PT. Eriadi Fatkhur Rokhman can improve services to meet customer satisfaction and increase customer loyalty who use accountant services.Keywords : Human Resource Competence, Information Technology, Employee Performance
Investigasi Sumber Mineral Magnetik pada Sedimen Sungai Biyonga Sebagai Inlet Danau Limboto Menggunakan Parameter Suseptibilitas Magnetik
Authors: Yunginger Raghel , Supu Idawati , Zulaikah Siti , Wijaya Arif , Ramadani Andi Indra Wulan Sari , Mariyanto Mariyanto
Published: January 2023

Sifat mineral magnetik pada sedimen bergantung pada batuan dan juga lingkungan pembentuknya. Sensifitas mineral magnetik terhadap lingkungan pembentuknya menjadi proxy indicator untuk mengetahui proses lingkungan pembentuknya baik yang dipengaruhi oleh proses alamiah atau litogenik maupun karena komponen antropogenik.  Hal ini sangat membantu dalam menginvestigasi sumber mineral magnetik pada sedimen sungai sehingga dapat diketahui proses perubahan lingkungan yang terjadi di perairan sungai. Dalam metode kemagnetan batuan salah satu parameter yang lazim dimanfaatkan untuk menginvestigasi sumber mineral magnetik pada batuan dan sedimen yaitu parameter suseptibilitas magnetik.  Untuk itu studi ini bertujuan untuk menginvestasi sumber mineral magnetik pada sedimen Sungai Biyonga sebagai salah satu inlet Danau Limboto. Danau Limboto merupakan salah satu dari 15 danau di Indonesia yang terdegradasi dan perlu upaya untuk menelusuri kontribusi sedimen sungai yang dikontrol oleh komponen litogenik dan antropogenik. Sampel sedimen sungai diambil pada enam titik dengan memperhatikan lingkungan di sekitar Sungai Biyonga. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa nilai suseptibilitas magnetik frekuensi rendah (χLF) berkisar dari 130,18 x 10-8 m3/kg  hingga 165,00 x 10-8 m3/kg. Konsentrasi mineral magnetik pada sampel ini cenderung dipengaruhi oleh mineral ferimagnetik kelompok Besi-titanium oksida yaitu magnetit (Fe3O4) dan Hematite (Fe2O3). Namun berdasarkan nilai χFD% mineral magnetik pada sampel cenderung didominasi oleh mineral non superparamagnetik berbulir kasar (>0,03 µm) dengan domain stable single domain (SSD) dan multidomain (MD) yang merupakan tipikal dari mineral magnetik yang bersumber dari komponen antropogenik.  Bahkan hal ini didukung dengan analisis morfologi mineral magnetik yang menggunakan citra SEM yang menemukan adanya bentuk bulat bulir mineral magnetik. Karakter mineral magnetik ini mencirikan mineral magnetik yang mengalami proses oksidasi akibat kehadiran material antropogenik pada sedimen Sungai Biyonga yang berasal dari komponen antropoenik. Parameter suseptibilitas magnetik ternyata telah berhasil membuktikan bahwa terdapat sedimen Sungai Biyonga yang masuk ke Danau Limboto yang cenderung berasal dari komponen antropogenik terutama dari aktivitas pertanian dan limbah pemukiman yang terdapat di perairan Sungai Biyonga.
Studi Desain Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) Berdaya 100MW Berbahan Bakar Thorium Karbida
Authors: Syarifah Ratna Dewi , Sabrina Alvi Nur , Maulina Wenny , Arkundato Artoto , Purwandari Endhah , Rohman Lutfi
Published: January 2023

Reaktor air didih atau boiling water reactor (BWR) merupakan reaktor yang memanfaatkan air sebagai media pendingin dan juga sebagai moderator. Penelitian ini mendesain reaktor air didih berbentuk modul atau Small Modular Reactor (SMR) berdaya 100MWth berbahan bakar Thorium Karbida (Th-U233-C), selongsong Silikon Karbida (SiC) dan pendingin air (H2O). Perhitungan neutronik dilakukan dengan mengunakan program SRAC versi 2006 dengan database nuklir JENDL 4.0. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa reaktor air didih berbentuk modul dengan bahan bakar Thorium Karbida yang diberi tambahan Protaktinium-231 (Pa-231) sebanyak 6% menunjukkan hasil paling kritis. Reaktor mampu beroperasi selama 20 tahun tanpa pengisian ulang bahan bakar dengan maksimum faktor multiplikasi efektif (keff) 1,00392. Nilai maximum excess reactivity yang dihasilkan sangat kecil dibawah 1% yakni 0,39% ∆k/k dan densitas daya maksimum yang dihasilkan bernilai 59 watt/cc.
Deteksi dan Kuantifikasi Internal Wave Menggunakan Instrumen Broadband Echosounder SIMRAD EK80 di Perairan Padang Bay Bali
Authors: Situmorang Edriyan , Manik Henry Munandar , Atmadipoera Agus Saleh
Published: January 2023

Internal wave adalah gelombang laut yang terjadi di lapisan dalam di perairan laut dangkal dan dalam, di mana kemunculannya hanya dapat terjadi jika kolom air terstratifikasi akibat adanya perbedaan densitas massa air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi peristiwa internal wave, serta mengukur nilai hambur balik akustik dari internal wave yang terjadi di Selat Lombok. Data yang digunakan adalah hasil pengukuran instrumen broadband echosounder SIMRAD EK80 frekuensi 200 kHz tipe pulsa continuous wave (CW) dengan data pendukung elevasi muka air, suhu, salinitas, dan densitas dari Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) “Yoyo” selama 24 jam. Nilai hambur balik didapatkan dengan analisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Sonar5-Pro. Echogram menunjukkan adanya pembentukan nonlinear internal wave disertai dengan adanya turbulensi yang terjadi pada saat gelombang pasang membawa massa air dengan densitas berbeda melewati topografi kasar di Selat Lombok. Nilai backscatter hasil segmentasi berentang dari -75 dB sampai -59 dB.
Perluasan Kinerja Akustik Limbah Kayu Batang Kelapa Sawit Termodifikasi Bahan Formaldehida
Authors: Manik Tetti Novalina , Shaliha Shaliha , Siregar Simon Sadok , Santoso Tanto Budi , Yahya Iwan , Mashuri Mashuri , Zainuri Muhammad , Darminto Darminto
Published: January 2023

Chemical modifications for waste oil palm trunks had carried out as acoustic material. This modification was conducted in two stages. Firstly, formalization with formaldehyde solution and secondly is impregnation with melamine-formaldehyde resin. Formalization was conducted in alkaline condition (pH 10) for 3 days and 5 days. Impregnation was carried out under pressure 3 bar and 5 bar and held for an hour. For completed these modification, the samples was cured at 120oC for 10 minutes and then dried at (103±2)oC to reached moisture content of less than 6%. This modification has changed the chemical structure and the morphology of wood, as shown by the FTIR and SEM results. The samples became denser, stronger and more rigid. Furthermore, the mechanical and physical properties of modified wood are also increasing. The absorption coefficient decreases with increasing formalization time and impregnation pressure. Based on trend of absorption coefficient, BKS wood can be applicated as resonant absorber with work class from A to class B and D.
Nickel Catalyzed Cross Coupling of Aryl and Alkenyl Triflates with Alkyl Thiols
Authors: Oechsner Regina , Lindenmaier Ivo , Fleischer Ivana
Published: January 2023

We report a nickel catalyzed C-S cross-coupling of aryl and alkenyl triflates with alkyl thiols. A variety of the corresponding thioethers were synthesized using an air-stable nickel precatalyst under mild reaction conditions with short reaction times. A broad substrate scope, including pharmaceutically relevant compounds, could be demonstrated.
Triplet Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Pyruvate via Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Hamachi Tomoyuki , Nishimura Koki , Sakamoto Keita , Kawashima Yusuke , Kouno Hironori , Sato Shunsuke , Watanabe Go , Tateishi Kenichiro , Uesaka Tomohiro , Yanai Nobuhiro
Published: January 2023

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) significantly improves the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging, and its most important medical application is cancer diagnosis via hyperpolarized 13C-labeled pyruvate. Unlike cryogenic DNP, triplet-DNP uses photoexcited triplet electrons under mild conditions. However, triplet-DNP of pyruvate has not been observed because of incompatibility of the hydrophobic polarizing agent with hydrophilic pyruvate. This work demonstrates that supramolecular complexation with β-cyclodextrin can disperse 4,4′-(pentacene-6,13-diyl)dibenzoate (NaPDBA), a pentacene derivative with hydrophilic substituents, even in the presence of high sodium pyruvate concentrations. The polarization of photoexcited triplet electron spins in NaPDBA was transferred to the 13C spins of sodium pyruvate via triplet-DNP of 1H spins in water and 1H-to-13C cross-polarization. This provides an important step toward the widespread use of ultra-sensitive MRI for cancer diagnosis.
QD3SET-1: A Database with Quantum Dissipative Dynamics Data Sets
Authors: Ullah Arif , Rodr ́iguez Luis E. Herrera , Dral Pavlo O. , Kananenka Alexei A.
Published: January 2023

Simulations of the dynamics of dissipative quantum systems utilize many methods such as physics-based quantum, semiclassical, and quantum-classical as well as machine learning-based approximations, development and testing of which requires diverse data sets. Here we present a new database QD3SET-1 containing eight data sets of quantum dynamical data for two systems of broad interest, spin-boson (SB) model and the Fenna–Matthews–Olson (FMO) complex, generated with two different methods solving the dynamics, approximate local thermalizing Lindblad master equation (LTLME) and highly accurate hierarchy equations of motion (HEOM). One data set was generated with the SB model which is a two-level quantum system coupled to a harmonic environment using HEOM for 1,000 model parameters. Seven data sets were collected for the FMO complex of different sizes (7- and 8-site monomer and 24-site trimer with LTLME and 8-site monomer with HEOM) for 500–879 model parameters. Our QD3SET-1 database contains both population and coherence dynamics data and part of it has been already used for machine learning-based quantum dynamics studies
Diagnosis of premalignant and malignant cervix diseases in HPV-positive females: Digene test performance evaluation
Authors: Lyalina Gulnara Z. , Yashchuk Alfiya G. , Zainullina Raisa M. , Muhamadeeva Olga R. , Gareev Eugeny  M.
Published: January 2023

Background. Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable malignancies in females. However, there is an increasing trend of disease incidence mainly due to the low specificity of routine screening tests.
Aim. To assess the diagnostic value of standard tests for the diagnosis of cervix disorders based on the Digene test.
Materials and methods. The obtained data were processed using the Statistica software package. Due to the unique features of specimens obtained, non-parametric methods were used for small samples with extreme data variability and possible artifacts. These methods do not require an assumption of "normality" of distribution. KruskalWallis rank analysis of variance and MannWhitney test for comparison of individual samples were used to estimate the relationship between the studied parameter and controlled factors. Median (Me) and quartiles (Q1 and Q3) were used in describing the results.
Results. The study found a low performance of colposcopy and cytology and a higher performance of status assessment for human papillomavirus.
Conclusion. Our findings indicate that viral load measurement is only sometimes informative. This test can be used as a stage 2 screening; additional data are needed for further patient management. Digene test helps to determine the risk group for a follow-up study.
Efficacy of laser remodeling in the genitourinary syndrome of menopause: A review
Authors: Orazov Mekan R. , Silantyeva Elena S. , Radzinsky Viktor E. , Mikhaleva Liudmila M. , Khripach Elizaveta A. , Dolgov Evgeny D.
Published: January 2023

The real-world treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause has several limitations: contraindications to topical estrogen therapy, which is currently recognized as the "gold standard" treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), fear of the systemic effects of topical estrogens or/and carcinophobia, and poor compliance of patients to intravaginal agents. Therefore, there is an unmet need for alternative noninvasive or minimally invasive therapies, mostly non-hormonal. A PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and ELibrary databases were searched for the keywords CO2-laser, Er:YAG-laser, vulvovaginal atrophy, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, treatment, postmenopausal age for 20122022. Remodeling microablative laser therapy using carbon dioxide (CO2) is a promising method for treating VVA, acting pathogenetically and symptomatically. CO2 laser relieves VVA symptoms and improves the condition of the vaginal mucosa by enhancing regeneration and restoring vaginal pH. However, evidence of the efficacy and long-term safety of the method, obtained in high-quality studies, is needed before the method can be introduced into widespread clinical practice.
Aim. To analyze and summarize the evidence-based and experimental data on the efficacy and safety of laser therapy for VVA and genitourinary syndrome of menopause.
Latent iron deficiency therapy in pregnant women
Authors: Kutsenko Irina  I. , Kravtsova Elena I. , Kholina Lyudmila  A. , Tomina Oksana  V.
Published: January 2023

According to various studies, the overall population incidence of latent iron deficiency (LID) ranges from 70% and more. However, routine tests cannot detect LID during preconception examination and in the first trimester of pregnancy; therefore, women receive no proper treatment, and iron deficiency manifest in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. LID causes hypoxia, leading to pregnancy, labor, and postpartum complications.
Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of iron with folic acid supplements compared to vitamin-mineral complexes in pregnant women with LID to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Materials and methods. A prospective cohort non-interventional study (observational program) in real clinical practice was conducted. In total 461 pregnant women aged 19 to 35 with LID were included in the study. During the study, women were divided into two groups according to the method of LID correction: administration of iron sulfate 247.25 mg, which corresponds to an iron content of 80 mg + folic acid 350 g (Gyno-Tardyferon), or vitamin-mineral complexes with an iron content of 1418 mg. Routine complete blood count, serum iron, serum ferritin, and transferrin were monitored over time.
Results. Gyno-Tardyferon showed high therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy; the rate of favorable outcomes was 100% and 35% for multivitamin iron-containing complexes. No LID progression to manifest iron deficiency during pregnancy can also be considered a favorable outcome.
Conclusion. The results showed that timely treatment of LID with an iron-containing medication (Gyno-Tardyferon) prevents manifested iron deficiency and hemic and circulatory hypoxia, which ultimately reduces the rate of pregnancy, labor, and postpartum complications.
Sleep disturbances in pregnancy: features of diagnosis and therapy: A review
Authors: Burchakov Denis I.
Published: January 2023

Physiological changes during pregnancy often disrupt women's sleep. If these changes are combined with other factors (obesity, iron or magnesium deficiency, anxiety, etc.), the pregnant woman may develop sleep disorders: obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, restless legs syndrome, leg cramps, and insomnia. These disorders increase the risk of pregnancy complications, reduce the quality of a woman's life, and form the basis for somatic and mental disorders in the postpartum period. Therefore, the obstetrician has to be familiar with the phenomenology, diagnosis, and treatment of sleep disorders in pregnant women to treat them promptly or to refer a woman to a neurologist or psychiatrist. This review briefly describes the common sleep disorders occurring in pregnant women, especially the various types of insomnia. The main groups of sedative agents are characterized, of which only doxylamine is acceptable for use in routine practice because of its proven efficacy and safety during pregnancy.
ENHANCEMENT OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION OF WASTEWATER SLUDGE, KITCHEN WASTE AND MANURE
Authors: Aman Nafeesa
Published: January 2023

Bioenergy is the most outstanding renewable source among other fuels that are non-renewable and running out. Globally, the main cause of the energy crisis is a scarcity of natural resources. In this respect, harnessing the abundant renewable sources for energy production can help to alleviate the crisis of energy. Developing countries needs an incessant supply of cheap and clean energy sources. Bioenergy production from biomass such as manure, agricultural residue, and municipal solid waste. it is economically feasible because organic substrates have high nutritive values for micro-organism (especially kitchen waste), high biodegradability rate, and high calorific values. This study has investigated the anaerobic co-digestion of wastewater sludge, Manure and kitchen waste for bio-energy production and analyzed the parameters which have significant effect on digestion process. This process has also decreased the excess of BOD, COD, N and P about 64.07%, 60.16%, 56.06% and 71.02% respectively which indicated the organic fraction utilized by microbes. Anaerobic co-digestion enhances biogas production when treating such wastes wastewater sludge, Manure and kitchen waste combined.
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF ‘BRIQUETTING PLANT AND BRIQUETTES'
Authors: Kumari Mamta
Published: January 2023

Brick Kilns and crop residue firing are the two common sources of air, water, and soil pollution in rural India. Brick kilns emit huge carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon, particulate matter (PM) while crop residue firing resulting in heat penetration of 1 cm into the soil and temperature elevations of up to 33.8-42.2 °C which kills the bacterial and fungal populations critical for fertile soil. These substances & harmful gases contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming. The aim of this study was to understand environmental, social and economic impacts of ‘briquetting plant & briquettes’. The results show that crop residue conversion into briquettes and use of these briquettes into brick kilns helped to reduce the carbon footprint and other harmful greenhouse gases by reducing CO2 emissions by 8.22 million kg, CO emissions by 0.34 million kg, NOx emissions by 0.028 million kg, SO2 emissions by 0.007 million kg, and particulate matter emissions by 0.065 million kg. It has also increased the farmer’s average income by 11.81%, briquette manufacturers earned 35% net profit, the brick kiln reduced labor costs by 13%, increased brick production by 8%, and overall earnings of brick kiln increased by 18%.
VERMICOMPOST WITH CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS IMPACT ON GROUNDNUT YIELD AND SOIL FERTILITY IN CHARLAND
Authors: Yasmin M
Published: January 2023

A field experiment was conducted on the growth of groundnuts in a farmers’ field in Nouvanger Char, Jamalpur, Bangladesh by combining vermicompost with chemical fertilizer during the rabi season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. The goals were to increase groundnut yield, to boost soil fertility and to improve the stock of organic carbon in soil. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was employed to set up the experiment and the test crop was BARI Chinabadam-9.There were seven different treatments: T1 was100 % RDCF (control), T2 was 100 % RDCF + vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1, T3 was 100 % RDCF + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1, T4 was 85% RDCF + vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1, T5 was 85% RDCF + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1, T6 was 70% RDCF + vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 and T7 was 70% RDCF + vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1. According to two years’ worth of average data, the combined use of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer boosted groundnut output and BCR compared to the solitary application of chemical fertilizers. T5 treatment (85% RDCF + VC @ 3 t ha-1) provided the highest average groundnut yield (2.16 t ha-1) out of all the treatments, which was 19.33% greater than 100% RDCF dose. On the other side, groundnut yield gradually dropped as chemical fertilizers were reduced. The T6 treatment (70% RD + vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1) had the lowest average ground nut yield which was 1.55 t ha-1. Integrated treatment outperformed sole chemical treatment in terms of soil organic matter and N, P, and K contents of post-harvest soils. The amount of organic carbon in the soil as well as its stock and buildup increased as a result of integrated treatment. Given the overall results, farmers can be encouraged to grow groundnuts in charland using 85% chemical fertilizer with vermicompost @ 3 t ha−1 application. With this combination, farmers would be able to boost groundnut productivity, improving their income and way of life.
THE SHORT TERM EFFECT OF TILLAGE SYSTEM ON SOIL MOISTURE RETENTION IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: . Agbai
Published: January 2023

The objective of the study was to determine the short time effect of tillage system on the water retention capacity of soils in the Niger Delta University Teaching and Research Farm, Bayelsa State. Five treatments (No-till, Digging, Hoeing, Hoeing+Digging once, and Hoeing+Digging twice) were considered. Plant Available Water Content (PAWC) and the Soil Water Holding Capacity (SWHC) were used to determine the soil water retention capacity. The results revealed that the crude tillage methods had a significant (P<0.05) impact on some soil properties. The highest bulk density (1.18g/cm3) was found in the No-till zone, while the lowest (0.89g/cm3) was in the Hoe+Digging twice method. The tillage methods also affected the hydraulic conductivity as the highest value (4.67cm/hr) was found in the hoe+digging zone and the lowest (2.61cm/hr) in the no-till area. Furthermore, the PAWC and SWHC were highest (0.14cm3cm-3 and 2.03cm) at the No-till zone and lowest (0.06 cm3cm-3 and 0.95cm) at the Hoe+Digging twice zone. It is therefore recommended that, for unrestricted flow of water through the soils, compacted soils should be pulverized using tillage implements. Also, for optimal plant water availability, there should be less tillage on coarse-textured soils, as the disturbance promotes rapid leaching.
SPOUTING BEHAVIOUR OF WEEDS THROUGH MULCH MATERIALS AND THEIR NON-CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT IN CHILI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Authors: Chandra Barua Iswar , Deka Jayanta , Gogoi Kalpana , Bayan Harihar , Kalita Hemen , Bezbaruah Ranjita
Published: January 2023

With an aim to develop non-chemical weed management practices for green chili, an experiment was conducted at Jorhat, Assam, during 2017-19 and multi-location trials during 2020-21. Altogether seven non-chemical treatments were tested with the recommended herbicide and control. The results revealed that weeds successfully sprouted through mulch materials. Weed Control Efficiency and Weed Control Index were above 80% under Biodegradable Plastic Film (BPF) mulching and stale-seedbed treatments. The yield loss caused by the competitive weeds varied from 53.74% to 84.66%. Use of (i) rice straw mulching followed by one hand weeding at 75 DAP and (ii) BPF mulching emerged as superior non-chemical techniques of weed management resulting in better crop growth and yield. Rice-straw mulching followed by one Hand Weeding yielded as much as 6.45% more green chili than BPF mulching, 17.43% more than mechanical weeding thrice and 23.83% more than the application of herbicide.
IMPACT OF WASTEWATER ON SURFACE WATER QUALITY IN KENYIR LAKE BASIN, HULU TERENGGANU
Authors: Amri Kamarudin Mohd Khairul
Published: January 2023

Lake water ia an essential resource for livelihood things and the necessary for environment. Human activities affect of water quality, water quantity and alteration the ecosystem system.The sustainable use of lake water resource need more give attention and monitoring programs based on the systematic decision making and management tools. The purpose of this study was to assess the improper wastewater and its effluents discharged into surface lake water resources in Kenyir Lake Basin in order to determine the existing physical environment. A total 21 monitoring stations covering the study area (along the Kenyir Lake Basin) were selected for sampling fieldwork of three season from 2018 until 2019 (Wet Season (Augut 2018), Dry Season (March 2019) and Normal Season (July 2019). There are a few parameters for water quality characteristics were analyzed based on in-situ and ex-situ analysis. As a result, the mean values of mostly water quality paremeters more degrade during wet season compared dry season and normal season. This study proved the water quality status effects on the owing to lack of wastewater management along the lake basin but still in control situation. The policy, environmental knowledge and enforcement triggered for slowing the rate of ecosystem degradation. There are need for a precautionary approach in developing and implementing lake management interventions to protect them to sustain.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF MINERAL FERTILIZER, COMPOST AND COMPOST – MINERAL FERTILIZER ON BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL
Authors: Okhumata Dania Stephen
Published: January 2023

The rapid decline of organic matter in the tropics makes it necessary to incorporate compost or compost – mineral fertilizer into the soil to improve the soil organic matter content and fertility. The experiment to investigate the effects of mineral and organic base fertilizer on soil organic matter, nutrient content, aggregate stability and the fungi isolates was conducted in Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria. Experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with five treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were; control, Urea, NPK 15 15 15, Compost and Compost – mineral fertilizer. Compost and compost – mineral fertilizer rates was 10 and 4 tonnes / hectares (t ha-1) respectively. Maize was used as test crop. The soil at the experimental site was low in nutrients however, the application of compost and compost – mineral fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) improved the organic matter content, soil nutrient status and aggregate stability compared to mineral fertilizer. The fungi isolates was higher in compost and compost – mineral fertilizer. The application of compost and compost – mineral fertilizer increased the soil pH to near neutral and reduces acidity. The application of compost – mineral fertilizer had multiple benefits in improving organic matter content, the chemical and physical and biological properties of the soil. In conclusion, compost – mineral fertilizer had significant improvement on the soil nutrients and aggregate stability compared to other treatments, therefore compost – mineral fertilizer can be effective in the sustainability of the soil fertility.
MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT (MCA) AND SELECTION OF A SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITE WITHIN WA MUNICIPALITY, UPPER WEST REGION, GHANA
Authors: Ampofo Steve , Sackey I. , Daanaa Lawrence , M. Kusibu Michael
Published: January 2023

Municipal solid waste management is a problem in most developing countries of the world. This is because of its nature, quantity generated, cost of transportation and the selection of final storage sites, which together presents a huge challenge for most municipalities. Improper solid waste disposal has serious environmental consequences which ultimately affects human health. The most common problems associated with improper selection and management of final waste disposal sites for solid waste include disease transmission, fire hazards, odour nuisance, air and water pollution, aesthetic nuisance. Economic cost arising from transportation due to long distances of travel to deposit solid waste also discourage the use of waste disposal sites. Municipal solid waste management is considered one of the most serious environmental and social problems faced by municipal authorities in developing countries.. This work considered the selection of a suitable site for the disposal of municipal solid waste generated within the Wa Municipality of the Upper West Region of Ghana, using Multi-Criteria Evaluation technique in G.I.S. To determine the most suitable waste disposal sites in the municipality, the study integrated environmental and socio-economic criteria including proximity to road networks, distance to residential and important built-up areas, water bodies to select the most optimal location for waste disposal. The results showed a total of three (3) proposed suitable sites, out of which a site with reasonably optimal distance as well as easily accessible to roads was preferred as the most suitable site for the municipal solid waste disposal (landfill) in the Wa Municipality.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RADISH AT KAILALI DISTRICT
Authors: Shahi Priya , Pathak Rukmagat , Kumar Poudel Prabin , Bhandari Gayatri , Baral Binaya
Published: January 2023

Excessive chemical fertilizers could lead to chemical toxicity in major root crops and inhibit their growth and development. Radish is one of the well-known root crops and its popularity could be due to its wider climatic adaptation, easy cultivation methods, and a wider range of its uses. A field experiment was conducted in Taranagar-5, Kailali from Sept-Nov, 2021 to evaluate the influences of different organic manures on the growth and yield of radish. Mino’s early variety of radish was used as a test crop. The experiment was set up in RCBD Design with seven treatments (FYM 30t/ha, Poultry manure 20t/ha, Mustard cake 4t/ha, FYM 15t/ha + Poultry Manure 10t/ha, FYM 15t/ha + Poultry Manure 10t/ha + Mustard Cake 4t/ha, FYM 15t/ha+ Poultry Manure 10t/ha + Mustard Cake 2t/ha and control) and were replicated 3 times. The results revealed that all the growth attributes and yield were significantly enhanced by the application of organic manures. At the time of harvest, significantly higher plant height (46.21cm) was obtained in mustard cake followed by FYM 15t/ha + Poultry manure 10t/ha, a maximum number of leaves per plant (25.53) in mustard application followed by FYM 15ton/ha+ PM10ton/ha + MOC 4ton/ha, root diameter (4.08cm), root length (31.40cm), total dry weight per plant (38.99gm) and biological yield (97.24t/ha) was observed in treatment consisting mustard cake followed by FYM 15ton/ha+ PM10ton/ha + MOC 2ton/ha. The study suggested that the application of mustard cake was found more beneficial and significantly improved the growth and yield of radish.
INCREASING CROPPING INTENSITY AND PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH FOUR CROPS BASED CROPPING PATTERN IN DINAJPUR REGION OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Nuruzzaman Md. , Mahbuba Khanum Most. , Mahfuz Bazzaz Md. , Aminul Islam Md.
Published: January 2023

A four crops-based trial was conducted for the two consecutive years at MLT site Raniganj, Sadar, Dinajpur and Kashiatola, Ghoraghat, Dinajpur during 2015-16 and 2016-17 to develop a sustainable and economically profitable cropping pattern Potato-Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman against the farmers existing pattern Fallow-Boro-Fallow-T.Aman. The experiment was carried out in RCB design with six dispersed replications. Suitable and short duration high yield potential varieties of different crops Potato ((BARI Alu-7), Boro (BRRRI dhan28) T.Aus (BRRI dhan48) and T.Aman (BRRI dhan62) were selected for the experiment. Grain yield of rice and potato tuber yield was satisfactory. Inclusion of two crops (Potato and T. Aus rice) in the existing pattern attributed to the higher system productivity. The improved alternate cropping pattern produced the higher gross return and gross margin compared to the farmers existing pattern. The marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) over the existing pattern was 2.01 at Ghoraghat and 1.85 at Raniganj which indicated the superiority of the alternate pattern over the farmer’s practice. Potato based cropping pattern could be most suitable and profitable pattern in these areas. From the two years observations in both the locations, four crops pattern could be recommended for higher system productivity and economic benefit along with for more employment opportunity.
IMPACTS OF SOWING TIME ON WHEAT IN NEPAL: A DETAILED REVIEW
Authors: Bastakoti Babita , Poudel Arati
Published: January 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) belonging to the family Poaceae is the most important cereal crop in Nepal as well as globally as it contributes a major portion to the world food supply. Similarly, it is the third most cultivated cereal crop in Nepal in terms of production and area. However, due to the impact of sowing time, severe losses have been reported, posing a serious threat to Nepalese agriculture’s growth, development, and productivity.