bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MOEBIUS O LA ILUSIÓN DE UNA ESCUELA SECUNDARIA PARA TODOS
Authors: Cazas Fernando
Published: April 2016

El presente trabajo se propone analizar una experiencia realizada en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires relacionada con la puesta en práctica de nuevos formatos para la escuela secundaria. Las escuelas de reingreso (EdR), como se las denominó, ofrecen cambios en el formato tradicional de la escuela media argentina. En un primer momento del trabajo, se realizará una descripción del nuevo formato propuesto y de algunas de las cuestiones que dieron fundamento a este. En un segundo momento, se propone un análisis de esta decisión política de las autoridades educativas de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, en clave socioeducativa. Para ello se consideran ciertas características del momento histórico y social en el que surge esta iniciativa, con especial atención en lo que respecta  a las demandas de acceso al nivel medio por parte de la población provenientes de los sectores populares. Asimismo se considera la reacción de los sectores más aventajados de la sociedad, ante estas políticas de masificación del nivel secundario.

Por último, se propone un análisis de la escuela media actual en términos de la resultante de dos fuerzas divergentes: una democratizante y otra aristocratizante.
RESEÑA A: S.E. SARTORRETO ET AL., TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN – TIC – EN EDUCACIÓN ESPECIAL
Authors: Blanco García Montserrat
Published: April 2016
Digestibilidade de rações e valor de energia metabolizável da farinha das folhas da mandioca e do feno do terço superior da rama de mandioca com e sem tratamento alcoólico para codornas
Authors: Machado Luiz Carlos , Oliveira Mariana Leonarda Ribeiro , Geraldo Adriano , Sousa Edgar João Junior de , Santos Tiago Antônio dos
Published: April 2016

Com a presente pesquisa, objetivou-se estudar a digestibilidade da energia em rações para codornas e determinar a energia metabolizável da farinha das folhas de mandioca (FFM) e do feno do terço superior da rama da mandioca (FTSRM), com e sem tratamento alcoólico. Foram utilizadas 224 codornas em postura (Coturnix coturnix Temminck & Schlegel, 1849), distribuídas em quatro tratamentos com quatro repetições cada, utilizando 14 aves em cada parcela experimental, sendo uma ração-referência e três em que o alimento-teste substituiu essa ração em 17,2%. Para tratamento alcoólico do FTSRM, foi utilizada uma mistura 50% v/v de álcool etílico hidratado com água, na qual foram submersos 1,5 kg do FTSRM, previamente moído, em 3 imersões consecutivas. Foi observado que a inclusão dos ingredientes fibrosos piorou a digestibilidade da energia das rações (P<0,05) em razão do maior nível de fibra dessas rações. A FFM e o FTSRM sem tratamento e o tratado com solução alcoólica apresentaram, respectivamente, 1497,61, 1539,61 e 1909,57 kcal EM/kg MS, havendo aumento considerável na energia metabolizável a partir do tratamento da rama com solução alcóolica. São necessárias novas pesquisas para maior elucidação do efeito do tratamento alcoólico sobre a melhoria do valor nutricional de ingredientes fibrosos.
Miasto w prozie kobiet początku XXI wieku: „Bambino” Ingi Iwasiów i „Piaskowa Góra” Joanny Bator
Authors: Szewczyk Paula
Published: April 2016

Materiał analizuje relacje zachodzące między podmiotem kobiecym i przestrzenią rzeczywistego miasta – Szczecina i Wałbrzycha – w wybranych utworach literac-kich: „Bambino” Ingi Iwasiów i „Piaskowej Górze” Joanny Bator. Analiza została przeprowadzona z uwzględnieniem kilku perspektyw badawczych. W pierwszej miasto zostało ujęte jako wytwór kultury generujący określone praktyki podmio-tów z nim związanych. W drugiej rozpoznane jako przestrzeń społeczna, z uwzględnieniem płci zamieszkujących ją podmiotów – kobiet pełniących w miejskiej przestrzeni określone role. Perspektywa trzecia uruchamiała kontekst rzeczywistości historycznej, pozwalający na porównanie omawianych miast jako wytworów literackiej fikcji z ich rzeczywistymi odpowiednikami. Pracę podsumowuje próba analizy doświadczeń kształtujących tożsamości bohaterek omawianych powieści.
Grzech czytania „Yogalife”. Antyhipokryzja w powieści Doroty Masłowskiej „Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty”
Authors: Wąsowski Piotr Jakub
Published: April 2016

Tekst stanowi próbę analizy powieści „Kochanie, zabiłam nasze koty” Doroty Masłowskiej jako przejawu opisanej przez Charlesa Taylora kultury autentyczności, tj. kultury dążenia do odkrycia swego prawdziwego „ja”. Autor przekonuje, że Dorota Masłowska żadnej ludzkiej aktywności nie przypisuje takiego znaczenia, jak pragnieniu bycia oryginalnym i wiernym sobie, a także piętnuje tych, którzy takowych starań nie uwieńczyli sukcesem. Jednocześnie, w odróżnieniu od swych postaci, przedstawia samą siebie jako jednostkę świadomą i autentyczną. Geniusz językowy Masłowskiej od dawna spycha na dalszy plan refleksję o tym, co rzeczywiście autorka ma do przekazania. Niniejszą pracą autor stara się zapełnić tę lukę.
Podmiot gatunkowo usytuowany. Sonet i bajka w twórczości poetyckiej Adama Wiedemanna
Authors: Dalasiński Tomasz
Published: April 2016

Artykuł porusza problem gatunkowego usytuowania podmiotu mówiącego w wierszach Adama Wiedemanna. Problem ten analizowany jest w odniesieniu do tradycyjnych form gatunkowych: stricte literackich oraz sytuujących się na przecięciu literatury „oficjalnej” i tradycyjnej (oralnej), tj. sonetu i bajki ezopowej. Autor artykułu wskazuje, że reorientacje gatunkowych wzorców wypowiedzi lokalizują „ja” mówiące w wierszach Wiedemanna w obszarze dialektyki: między świadomością konieczności odnoszenia się do tradycji a jej dekonstruowaniem, między generowaniem literackich inwariantów a podleganiem wpływowi konwencji literacko-kulturowych, wreszcie – między aprobatą własnej fikcjonalności a poszukiwaniem autentyzmu w przekraczaniu ustalonych reguł.
Gospodarowanie czasem i światem w powieści „Kamień na kamieniu” Wiesława Myśliwskiego
Authors: Piętniewicz Michał
Published: April 2016

Celem artykułu o „Kamieniu na kamieniu” była próba spojrzenia na filozoficzne aspekty powieści Myśliwskiego poprzez przykładowe opozycje powierzchnia/głębia, słabe/mocne, sytuując tęsknotę głównego bohatera powieści po stronie tego, co powierzchniowe i światowe, wskazując jednocześnie na jego religijną tęsknotę za aspektem głębokim swojej egzystencji, który również zdaniem interpretatora lokuje się w tym, co powierzchniowe. Artykuł chce przybliżyć „Kamień na kamieniu” jako powieść o dobrym „gospodarzeniu” w świecie poprzez ukazanie dialektyki występujących w powieści na zasadzie przeciwieństw, braci, Szymona Pietruszki oraz Michała.
Umberto Eco w Łodzi, czyli Labirynt Znaków
Authors: Bajerska Aleksandra , Grabowski Mateusz , Karwowska Alicja , Kupracz Agata , Szumska Katarzyna , Zatora Anna
Published: April 2016

Sprawozdanie z łódzkiego festiwalu Labirynt Znaków, którego gościem specjalnym był Umberto Eco a wydarzeniem centralnym nadanie włoskiemu pisarzowi tytułu honoris causa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Hiszpański Gombrowicza. Ricardo Piglia, „Pisarz jako czytelnik”, tł. E. Kobyłecka-Piwońska
Authors: Kobyłecka-Piwońska Ewa , Piglia Ricardo
Published: April 2016

Niniejszy fragment jest drugą i ostatnią częścią eseju Ricarda Piglii „Pisarz jako czytelnik”. Autor kontynuuje rozważania na temat odczytu „Przeciw poetom” Gom-browicza oraz jego konsekwencji dla definiowania literackości. Piglia ustanawia również analogie pomiędzy obiegiem poezji a obiegiem pieniądza.
Tożsamościowe narracje Różewicza. Projekt (nie)dokończony. Rec. książki Wojciecha Browarnego, „Tadeusz Różewicz i nowoczesna tożsamość”, Universitas, Kraków 2013, ss. 582
Authors: Stankowska Agata
Published: April 2016

Książka Wojciecha Browarnego zatytułowana „Tadeusz Różewicz i nowoczesna tożsamość” to świetnie pomyślana, rzetelna źródłowo i inteligentna interpretacyjnie próba opisania prozy Różewicza jako artystycznego studium, świadectwa, refleksji nad tożsamością człowieka drugiej połowy XX wieku. Autor czyta opowiadania, publicystykę, szkice biograficzne i wspomnienia, reportaże, fragmenty dziennika, wybrane wypowiedzi metaliterackie twórcy „Ocalenia” jako wielogłos połączony osnową tożsamościowej narracji, sprofilowanej zarówno wobec losu współczesnego pisarzowi Polaka, jak i biografii własnej Różewicza. Tożsamościowa refleksja odczytana zostaje tu jako zapis „autokreacji w kulturze”, równoznacznej z „indywidualną propozycją rozumienia tego, co zbiorowe i wspólne w jednostkowym doświadczeniu”, jako wyraz „interpretacji wzorców osobowych, opis związku między dawnymi i nowymi obrazami człowieka w kulturze, próby scalenia przeżyć osobistych z pamięcią historyczną i obecnymi w nowoczesności tradycjami”.
Jak nas czytają za granicą? (Ankieta 2)
Authors: Vandenborre Katia
Published: April 2016

W odpowiedzi na pytania ankiety belgijska badaczka mówi o specyfice odbioru literatury polskiej w jej kraju, zwłaszcza w jego frankofońskiej części. Zwraca uwagę na walory: poetyckość, wagę reportażu jako gatunku literackiego, ale i aspekty negatywne, np. komercjalizację rynku wydawniczego.
Literatura a literackość. Czym jest dziś czytanie literatury?
Authors: Filipczak Katarzyna
Published: April 2016

Czym jest literatura we współczesnym świecie? Jakie spełnia cele? Czy w ogóle istnieje? To pytania, na które starają się odpowiedzieć uczestnicy debaty o czytaniu i nieczytaniu. Dla wielu autorów literatura oznacza zadawanie pytań o człowieka, świat, cel życia. Jest po prostu sensem istnienia w świecie. Okazuje się jednak, że obserwujemy jej powolne umieranie, ponieważ czytamy jedynie prasę, instrukcje obsługi i billboardy, a czasem nawet jeszcze mniej. Dlaczego tak się dzieje? Winą obarcza się akademizm, ponadto czytanie staje atrybutem elit osób wykształconych lub dysponujących zasobami finansowymi. Pojawiają się opinie, że dostęp do książek utrudnia rozwój techniki.
Czym jest dziś czytanie literatury? (Ankieta 1)
Authors: Chemperek Dariusz
Published: April 2016

W odpowiedzi na pytania ankiety, literaturoznawca opowiada o swoich czytelniczych pasjach.
Czym jest dziś czytanie literatury? (Ankieta 2)
Authors: Koziołek Ryszard
Published: April 2016

W odpowiedzi na pytania ankiety, literaturoznawca opowiada o swoich czytelniczych pasjach.
Treatment of Different Oral Soft Tissue Lesions With Surgical Neodymium: Yttrium‐Aluminum‐Garnet Laser: Case Series
Authors: Gökmenoğlu Ceren , Sadık Elif , Yavuz Mustafa Cihan , Çanakçı Varol , Topaloğlu Merve , Kara Cankat
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Oral soft tissue lesions cause discomfort and potentially serious clinical problems.

Case Series: These case reports present different gingival and/or mucosal lesions (pyogenic granuloma, verruca vulgaris, giant cell granuloma, fibroma, etc.) and the surgical treatment of these lesions with a neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (320‐μm optic fiber; 4 W; 100 mJ, 40 Hz; emission mode, pulsed, and contact mode). Patients were evaluated after laser surgery on degree of postoperative pain; discomfort; functional complications (eating and speech); and recurrence. Results indicated that patients had minimal postoperative pain, few functional complications, and low rates of pain. Laser surgery produced minimal bleeding, damage to the surrounding tissue, and post‐surgical edema.

Conclusion: In these cases, the Nd:YAG laser provided a non‐bleeding environment at the surgical area with an acceptable operating time, quick postoperative hemostasis, good patient acceptance, low rates of pain, and no post‐treatment adverse events among patients with oral soft tissue lesions.
Can Periodontal Disease Act as a Risk Factor for HIV-1 Reactivation?
Authors: Kataria Prerna , Aggarwal Kriti
Published: April 2016

HIV infection is global health problem of unprecedented dimensions. Periodontal diseases are associated with HIV infection and involvement has been suspected specifically for HIV virus. Reports of increased prevalence of chronic periodontitis in HIV-positive subjects suggest that HIV infection predispose to Periodontitis. But on the contrary, current literature suggests that the course of HIV infection is also modified by the periodontal conditions. Research needs to be done regarding the HIV infection and periodontal health inter-relationship, as it can help in better understanding and treatment by the Periodontist.
Fecal Carriage of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Organisms in a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Goel Nidhi , Aggarwal Ritu , Chaudhary Uma , Rohilla Hina , Dahiya Shalley
Published: April 2016

Awareness of the fecal carriage of ESBL bacteria is very important for the clinicians, microbiologists, infection control practitioners and epidemiologists. Worldwide, the data shows that the presence of these bacteria pose a serious threat to both community and the hospital settings. So this study for the detection of fecal carriage of ESBL producing bacteria is pertinent for framing antibiotic and infection control policy.
Mapping of Tooth Loss Profiles and the Variety of Removable Partial Denture Designs Fitted to Patients in a University Dental School Clinic in Trinidad
Authors: Shaama Fiayaz A. , Stoute Valerie A.
Published: April 2016

Background: Clinicians are continually challenged to improve the standard of treatment. Careful measurements and designs, based on knowledge of tooth loss patterns and biomechanical principles, will determine the overall quality of removable prostheses.

Objectives: This study maps the pattern of tooth loss in a sample of patients and the most efficient designs employed for their cobalt-chrome removable prosthesis.

Material and Methods: Data was collected from gypsum casts, metal castings, and prescriptions sent to dental technicians. The sample included both men (44) and women (109). Information was obtained on their Kennedy classification, number of missing teeth in the maxilla and the mandible, the type of major connector fitted, and when additional indirect retainers with clasps were incorporated into the frame. The significance of the association between pairs of these categorical variables was tested by a Chi Square test.

Results: Patients with maxilla loss (82%) had mostly (54%) 6 to 10 missing teeth and were assessed principally (78%) as exhibiting Kennedy Class II or III patterns. Most (77%) of those missing teeth in their mandible (66%) were assessed as either Class I or Class II. The Anterior-Posterior (70%) in the maxilla and the Lingual Bar (74%) in the mandible were the most common fitted connectors. Indirect retainers were used for patients with maxilla (78%) or mandible (96%) tooth loss to provide extra stability.

Conclusion: Additional components incorporated in the Cobalt-Chrome frame increased the biomechanical efficiency of the appliance by reducing destructive forces, caused by the torque on the abutment teeth.
Oxidative Stress in Relation to Obesity in Gujrati and Non Gujarati Young Girls before and after Maize Diet
Authors: Sahi Nita , Verma Ashok Kumar , Kaur Roopinder , Jawanda Manveen Kaur
Published: April 2016

Background: Obesity is the first of the "diseases of civilization" to appear. Its prevalence is escalating at an alarming rate. Environmental and behavioral changes brought about by economic development, modernization and urbanization has been linked to the rise in global obesity. Obesity may induce systemic oxidative stress.

Objective: The present scenario suggests that higher oxidative stress is the key factor of obesity and hence a management strategy aiming at control of lipid peroxidation in obesity by use of maize diet is envisaged.

Material and Methods: This study has been conducted on 1001 Gujarati and non Gujarati girls aged between 18-30 years. They were further distributed according to age, inhabitance, socio economic status, dietary habits, family history and blood pressure. Every subject in each group was asked to replace the wheat chapatti by maize chapatti for 30 days; the girls were examined for oxidative stress parameter MDA before and after maize diet along with the statistical evaluation.

Results: There was a positive effect of maize diet on biochemical parameter of all the girls in all the subgroups Malondialdehyde level in total girls before the maize diet was 2.35 ± 0.76 nmol/ml which reduced to 1.8 ± 0.46 nmol/ml after the diet (P<0.001).

Conclusions: The oxidative stress showed improvement in normal, overweight and obese girls, most significantly on overweight and obese girls after taking the diet (P<0.001). Current dietetic practice is to recommend a healthy eating plan of reduced fat, and increased fiber intake.
Abdominopelvic Tuberculosis Masquerading Ovarian Malignancy - Histopathology Key to Management
Authors: Bharatnur Sunanda , Ramkumar Vani , Kudva Ranjini
Published: April 2016

Abdominopelvic tuberculosis (genital tuberculosis) may mimic ovarian malignancy in clinical presentation, ultrasound findings and laboratory tests. We present two cases of genital tuberculosis where a provisional diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma was made. One patient underwent surgery and the other was treated conservatively. These cases underline the mandatory need of a high index of suspicion in our country, towards pelvic tuberculosis preoperatively in a patient with adnexal mass.
Transmuscular Course of the Medial Sural Cutaneous Nerve and its Clinical Implications
Authors: Sharma Sherry , Sharma Tripta , Bhardwaj Sunil
Published: April 2016

Variations of nerve are not only of anatomic and embryological interest but also of clinical importance. Their adequate knowledge will help in increasing surgical precision and decreasing morbidity. Anatomical variations in the formation of the sural nerve are common, although the topographical localization of this nerve is constant. In this report, we describe a case of an anomalous course of the medial sural cutaneous nerve which descended through the gastrocnemius via a tunnel formed within the muscle. Such anatomical variation of the sural nerve is clinically important when evaluating sensory axonal loss in distal axonal neuropathies since sural nerve mononeuropathy is less likely to occur.
Tales from the Tundra: A Collection of Inuit Stories by I. Kaslik
Authors: Campbell Sandy
Published: April 2016

Kaslik, Ibi. Tales from the Tundra: A Collection of Inuit Stories. Illus. Anthony Brennan. Iqaluit: Inhabit Media, 2010. Print. Inhabit Media is an Inuit-owned, independent publishing company that “aims to promote and preserve the stories, knowledge, and talent of northern Canada.”  This collection of five traditional Inuit stories from different regions in Nunavut is one of their most recent offerings.  Three of the stories tell of how specific animals came into being.  One tells how the raven and loon came to look the way they do and the fifth, The Owl and the Siksik, is a typical story of outwitting the enemy. Anthony Brennan’s illustrations have a two-dimensional fantasy quality to them that is more reminiscent of cartoons or Japanese anime than of traditional Inuit art.  Many of the creatures are outlined in black and then filled with solid colour.  While the backgrounds are usually ice-blue, and there are pastel colours in the images, many of the main parts of the drawings are black, giving the book an overall ominous look. While these stories are described in the forward as “contemporary retellings”, Kaslik’s voice is similar to that of an elder telling stories and her style is traditional.  The language is simple and direct, occasionally incorporating Inuit words.  Animals are anthropomorphized.  They do the same sorts of things that humans do and have human emotions and foibles.  For example, in “The Raven and The Loon”, the two birds sew clothes for each other.   When Raven thinks that Loon is sewing too slowly, she reacts impatiently: “Please, sew faster!” impatient Raven pleaded.” Kaslik also uses internal dialogue, another traditional technique, to allow the reader to listen to the characters reasoning out their actions. For example, “Siksiks often go in and out of their dens,” thought the owl, believing himself to be very clever.  “Today I will find a siksik den and wait there until I see one.” There are few children’s books of Inuit mythology available, and fewer that have the authenticity of being published by an Inuit publishing house.  Overall, this volume is a small, but welcome addition to the field, through which many children will be able to learn about the mythology of the Inuit.  For public and school libraries everywhere. Highly recommended:  4 out of 4 stars Reviewer: Sandy Campbell Sandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines.  Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
El papel de los museos militares en el fomento de una "cultura de la defensa" democrática
Authors: Fernández Antón Mercedes , Barbeito Iglesias Roberto Luciano
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo muestra que los museos militares españoles pueden llegar a constituir instrumentos de incalculable valor en el fomento de una cultura de la defensa democrática, y ello de dos maneras: en primer lugar, ampliando el conocimiento que la población tiene sobre la defensa, y así contribuyendo además a su reconocimiento social; en segundo lugar, estimulando la conformación de una identidad colectiva relativa a la seguridad y la defensa de España. A estas conclusiones se llega mediante un detenido examen de la bibliografía disponible sobre la cultura de la defensa y sobre la museística contemporánea, al tiempo que se incorpora un estudio de caso: el análisis de la experiencia acumulada en un empeño semejante por el Museo del Aire de Duxford (Gran Bretaña).
Determinantes sociales de la salud y de la enfermedad
Authors: Bleda José Mª
Published: April 2016

La salud y la enfermedad son constantes preocupaciones humanas, y los sociólogos no son inmunes a esta fascinación con el estado de nuestros cuerpos. En este ensayo, en primer lugar, se presentan las principales aportaciones teóricas desde la Sociología; en segundo lugar, se explica la relación existente entre la salud y algunas variables como la clase social, el género, la raza, la edad y la geografía; y, por último, se describe la situación de desigualdad social en el ámbito de la salud a nivel mundial.
What’s your CQ? A thought leadership exploration of cultural intelligence in contemporary institutions of higher learning
Authors: Fellows Kelli Lynn , Goedde Sascha Dennis , Schwichtenberg Elisabeth Jasmin
Published: April 2016

Globalizations’ impacts continue to permeate the present rhetorical moment in time. Impacts are evidenced in contemporary organizations across workforce internationalization, expanding market reach, and globalized competition. Subsequently, parallel increases in demand for individuals with intercultural competence manifest. Concurrently, universities face equitable attention provision to a tripartite mission of (a) knowledge creation, (b) student learning, and (c) the social charter. Cultural competencies’ critical role in contemporary organizations is clearly evidenced. The current thought leadership article explores organizational dynamics and influence variables including identity, transformational leadership, and organizational communication within institutions of higher education. The authors propose Cultural Intelligence (CQ) as an ideological platform to engage universities, business organizations, and students in meeting cultural competence development while remaining consistent with organizational business, academic, and social charter missions.
Characteristics of organizational culture and climate in knowledge-intensive organisations
Authors: Leovaridis Cristina , Cismaru Diana Maria
Published: April 2016

The article focuses on organizational culture and climate in knowledge-intensive organizations, aiming to identify the specific values and features of climate for each sector.The sample of organizations included organizations from five sectors: higher education, banking and financial, research and development, IT and marketing-advertising. The qualitative design of research included near 80 in-depth interviews with employees and managers. The results showed that climate was based on various characteristics: human relations and friendship in small marketing-advertising agencies and IT companies, competition in large advertising companies. In the research development sector, the climate was based on achieving goals in the private area of the sector ( in higher education as well), while in the public areat of the sector it was based on freedom and creativity. The climate in the banking sector was very different, being based on discipline and obeying rules. From the point of view of the organizational culture, all the interviewed employees of the advertising, IT and banking sector experienced, inside the company, the presence of certain forms of organizational culture. Only half of the interviewees from the higher education sector admit to the presence of an organizational culture in their institution while in the public funded research-development sector, employees reportedly did not experience visible manifestations of any type of organizational culture.S
On sponsoring and CSR involvement. Two theories explaining their effects on a company’s attractiveness for candidates
Authors: Wozniak Jacek
Published: April 2016

The use of e-recruitment for hiring personnel is constantly expanding. However, the scientific understanding of factors affecting company employer brand during e-recruitment, is still poor. Research into corporate social responsibilities (CSR) shows that information about the company’s involvement in these areas makes its image more positive, including its image as an employer. CSR is an umbrella concept, which includes activities similar to traditional sponsoring of sports and cultural events. Two theories explaining the impact of information on attractiveness of the employer’s brand in the e-recruitment process are presented. The aim of the text is to check which of them – cultural fit or signaling theory – more adequately explains the changes in how a candidate perceives a company’s attractiveness, when given information about its’ sports and cultural sponsoring and environment-related activities. The effect of both positive and negative information concerning a company’s activities on its employer image in the e-recruitment situation is analyzed. Data from an questionnaire filled in by 80 young full-time workers shows that positive information about a company’s CSR and sponsoring activities affects candidates according to the cultural fit model, while negative – according to the signaling theory model. The consequences for theory and managerial practice are described.
Framing Obama’s Re-election. A Comparative Analysis of German, French and Romanian Media Coverage
Authors: Balaban Delia Cristina , Iancu Ioana , Mucundorfeanu Meda
Published: April 2016

The US presidential election is not only a politically relevant issue but also a media relevant issue in every part of the world. Therefore, the present paper aims to analyze the way print media from Germany, France and Romania comparatively covered the re-election moment of Barack Obama. The research intends to analyze to what degree there are differences between the ways in which print media from the abovementioned countries represented the re-election moment of Barack Obama from the point of view of the framing theory and of the political affiliation of the analyzed newspaper. Moreover, the paper aims to present the way the image of Barack Obama is represented within the pictures used in the media. We expect to find relevant differences both between the analyzed newspapers within a country and between the general perspectives of the selected countries.
Research into the evaluation of PR activities in companies from Serbia
Authors: Nikolic Milan , Zoric Katarina , Terek Edit , Glusac Dragana , Cockalo Dragan
Published: April 2016

This paper presents the results of a research into the volume, type and quality of the evaluation of public relations activities in companies in Serbia. The survey was conducted via a web survey. The responses were collected from 50 PR service managers from 50 companies in Serbia. The results are presented through descriptive statistics and correlation analysis where some of the observed sizes of the connection were analyzed. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows: PR functions are often not assigned sufficient importance in companies in Serbia; the evaluation of PR activity is slightly neglected compared to other PR activities; intensive and continuous evaluation of the performances of PR activities increases the likelihood of the complete PR function of the company being successful; companies that are not so successful use evaluation less than successful companies; the evaluation of PR activities is mostly done through a method for measuring quantity; the main problems in the evaluation of PR activities are lack of time and money. The evaluation of PR activities in companies in Serbia can be improved through a greater understanding on the part of top managers, and also by hiring additional PR practitioners.
Consent to Treatment for Transgender and Intersex Children
Authors: Parlett Kate , Weston-Scheuber Kylie-Maree
Published: April 2016

More than a decade has passed since the landmark High Court decision in Marion’s Case,1 where the Court authorised the sterilisation of a young woman who suffered from a disability. Recently, the principles established in that case were applied by the Family Court in a different context – for the provision of hormonal treatment for a 13 year old child,2 some aspects of which are irreversible. Previously, the Family Court had authorised gender reassignment surgery for a child suffering from a physical, congenital condition,3 but notably in Re Alex, the subject child suffered no identified physical condition indicating treatment, but from an identified psychological condition, gender identity dysphoria. This article considers the issues raised by recent applications of the principles relating to the capacity of children to consent to medical treatment, including the decision in Re Alex and the application of those principles to transgender and intersex children. While not all children or adults who identify as transgender or intersex choose the long and difficult path of gender reassignment, some will choose surgical gender reassignment or hormonal treatment at some stage of their lives. In cases where it is proposed that a minor undergo such treatment, the application of the principles of child consent poses particular difficulties.
Are We All Nominalists Now?
Authors: Kirby Michael
Published: April 2016

Justice Michael Kirby, a judge of the High Court of Australia, sets out to explain the inescapably creative role involved in the work of the court in giving meaning to ambiguous constitutional and statutory words and common law concepts. Uninformed commentators might call judges performing such functions as "nominalists". But few, if any, Australian judges now adhere to constitutional interpretation according to notions of original intent. A "functional" approach is taken. This approach is illustrated by reference to recent cases on the word "alien" and the phrase "trial by jury" in the Australian Constitution. According to the author this is not a weakness but a strength of constitutional elaboration. Judges and lawyers, being concerned about justice under law, are never "on automatic pilot".
Emergence of the Individual as an International Juristic Entity: Enforcement of International Human Rights
Authors: Cassidy Julie
Published: April 2016

In this article it is contended that state practice, as evidenced in the declarations of the judiciary and the many treaties and conventions guaranteeing human rights, reveals a consensus of opinion acknowledging the individual to be an international juristic entity. So extensive is this practice that it could be seen as marking the emergence of a new customary international norm; or at least a general principle of international law, yet to crystallise into a custom; acknowledging the individual as the beneficiary of international rights. This is important for individuals and minority groups because if they possess international rights independently of the State, enforcement of their rights will no longer depend on the interests of the State. Where the State is often the offender of human rights, international law will not effectively confer any real rights unless the individual is so recognised as an inter- national juristic entity.
On the Nature of Corporations
Authors: Stout Lynn A
Published: April 2016

Legal experts traditionally distinguish corporations from unincorporated business forms by focusing on such corporate characteristics as limited shareholder liability, centralised management, perpetual life, and freely transferred shares. While this approach has value, this essay argues that the nature of the corporation can be better understood by focusing on a fifth, often-overlooked, characteristic of corporations: their capacity to “lock in” equity investors’ initial capital contributions by making it far more difficult for those investors to subsequently withdraw assets from the firm. Like a tar pit, a corporation is much easier for equity investors to get into, than to get out of. An emerging school of theorists has begun to explore the implications of this idea for corporate law and practice. The idea is still novel enough to lack a uniformly- accepted label—in addition to the phrase “capital lock-in,” scholars have described this aspect of incorporation as “affirmative asset partitioning,” “the absence of a repurchase condition,” and “asset separation from shareholders.” Whatever label one chooses, the idea shows great promise for illuminating a variety of thorny problems that have long troubled corporate scholars and practitioners. In illustration, this essay considers how the idea of capital lock-in sheds light on three corporate mysteries in the United States: the sui generis nature of corporate directors’ fiduciary duties; the rise of the large modern service partnership; and lawmakers’ enthusiasm for meddling with corporate governance rules.
LABOUR AND THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: TOWARDS A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LINKAGE DISCOURSE
Authors: ARNOLD LUKE L
Published: April 2016

[As the World Trade Organization approaches its ten-year anniversary, the long-discussed issue of linking the right to trade with the enforcement of cer- tain labour standards continues to persist. However, the discourse on the is- sue has hit a stalemate of late. In the hope of overcoming the stalemate and moving toward effective solutions on the issue, this paper explains and ex- amines four types of “conceptual differentiations” that currently underpin a significant portion of the labour linkage discourse. The “conceptual differ- entiations” examined are trade/non-trade; north/south; liberalisa- tion/protectionism; economic development/poverty; consumption/ production; universalist/relativist; WTO/ILO; and sanctions/welfare. A pol- icy proposal for further discussion on the issue is then presented, based on

a re-conceptualisation of the “conceptual differentiations” discussed.] 
RETHINKING LOCKEAN COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE
Authors: HOROWITZ STEVEN J
Published: April 2016

[Two categories of criticism have recently been marshalled against Lockean copyright theory. Some argue that Locke’s property theory offers no justifi- cation for intellectual property rights at all, while others suggest that Lockean rights in intellectual property are too strong. This article responds to each of these criticisms by offering a new Lockean approach to copyright that balances property rights for producers and fair use rights for the public. The approach relies most strongly on Locke’s State of Nature/ Civil Society distinction and his dual concern for public and private rights.] 
THE PROCUREMENT DECISION - "OPEN" OR "CLOSED" SOURCE SOFTWARE?
Authors: MICHLER CARLA
Published: April 2016

[The merits of open source software, particularly in the context of Australian Government procurement, have been the subject of considerable debate in recent times. This paper provides an overview of the distinguishing features of open source software and considers the terms of the licence under which open source software is distributed. Consideration is also given to the merits of open source software through an examination of both the legal and tech- nical risks associated with the product. In concluding, it is determined that there is a positive argument for mandating open source software as a viable alternative to its closed source counterpart.] 
CONTINUING OFFENCES
Authors: ROSS DAVID
Published: April 2016

[A continuing offence is one which takes more than one act to prove the charge. Probably the best known is consorting but there are others. New legislation has introduced some serious continuing offences. Stalking and maintaining a sexual relationship with a young person are two of them. Others are hybrids: those which can be proved by one act or many. The best examples are drug trafficking or supplying. I examine them all. They are exceptions to the basic legal principle of one criminal act for each charge. I finish with a possible jury direction.] 
CONFIDENTIALITY AGREEMENTS AND THE PROTECTION OF TRADE SECRETS: DOES IT HAVE TO BE ALL OR NOTHING?
Authors: KAPNOULLAS STEVE , CLARKE BRUCE
Published: April 2016

[In Maggbury v Hafele, the High Court of Australia had to consider whether a perpetual restraint of trade clause in a confidentiality agree- ment was valid. The majority judgment, which refused to enforce the re- straint, has been subject to criticism that it potentially puts confidentiality agreements at risk and hinders innovation. In spite of the criticism the au- thors of this article argue that the High Court decision was correct and that Maggbury provides valuable lessons for those drafting confidentiality agreements and seeking to protect trade secrets.] 
Imagining How A Company Thinks: What is Corporate Culture?
Authors: Belcher Alice
Published: April 2016

Corporate responsibility for crimes that require thought, or lack of thought, has been the subject of much debate both in the UK and worldwide. This article investigates the current position in the UK, where a Bill is currently (October 2006) before Parliament, and briefly in Australia, where the law has been reformed at Commonwealth level, but not yet implemented in individual States. In line with developments in Australian and the UK law a realist rather than nominalist position is taken that explicitly recognises genuine corporate fault. The article looks forward to the cases that are likely to be brought under the “corporate culture” provisions. It suggests that the practical methods of providing evidence of corporate ‘attitudes, policies, systems or accepted practices’ could very well include the records of meetings, very much in line with
the method attempted in the failed Transco prosecution in Scotland. It is
submitted that the conceptual foundation for the realist approach is sound and that there are practical ways of bringing the company before the court. However, there are also some conceptual and practical difficulties to be faced. Issues identified include the question of responsibility for sub-cultures and the practical problem of a proliferation of different sorts of evidence and expert opinions that could be put before the courts.
Defamation and the Art of Backfire
Authors: Gray Truda , Martin Brian
Published: April 2016

Legal discussions of defamation commonly focus on defamation law, with relative neglect of struggles that take place over defamation matters. To understand defamation struggles, we introduce backfire theory: if something
is perceived as unjust and information about it is communicated to relevant
audiences, it has the potential to backfire against those held responsible. 
Defamation suits have the potential to backfire when they are seen as
oppressive or contrary to free speech. There are several types of actions by
plaintiffs that can inhibit this backfire effect, including cover-up, devaluation
of the defendant, reinterpretation and intimidation. To illustrate the value of
backfire analysis of defamation struggles, we examine four Australian
examples, involving author Avon Lovell, politician Robert Askin, solicitor
John Marsden and Aboriginal leader Geoff Clark, and the British example of
McDonald’s suit against two activists. Participants in these struggles see the
matters in terms of reputation and free speech; backfire analysis allows an
observer to put tactics used by participants in a coherent framework.
Negligence and Intoxication - Has Civil Liability Reform Gone Too Far?
Authors: Katter Norman
Published: April 2016

This paper focuses on two recent appeals1 before the High Court of Australia
involving negligence actions for damages by intoxicated plaintiffs. The analysis of these pre-statutory reform cases, in the light of the new civil liability legislation, suggests that some of the statutory reforms are an overreaction by parliaments, and fail to strike a balance between, on the one hand, the legitimate pursuit of compensation where the defendant’s blameworthy conduct has caused damage and on the other, the limitation of negligence litigation by an attitudinal change towards personal responsibility for one’s actions and choices, thereby shifting the loss to the victim where the latter’s conduct has been instrumental in causing its own damage.
Dworkin on the Value of Integrity
Authors: Crowe Jonathan
Published: April 2016

This article explores and critiques Ronald Dworkin’s arguments on the value of integrity in law. Dworkin presents integrity in both legislation and adjudication as holding inherent political value. The author defends an alternative theory of the value of integrity, according to which integrity holds instrumental value as part of a legal framework that seeks to realise a particular set of basic values taken to underpin the legal system as a whole. It is argued that this instrumental-value theory explains the value of integrity more satisfactorily than Dworkin’s inherent-value account. The article concludes with a discussion of Dworkin’s ‘one right answer thesis’. Although the proposed theory of integrity does not support a strong version of Dworkin’s thesis, it does suggest that there will be a single correct answer to legal questions more often than for normative deliberation generally.
FOI and the Freedom of Political Communication
Authors: Gray Anthony
Published: April 2016

There are very few freedom of information cases that have been heard by the High Court of Australia and this article discusses freedom of information rights in the context of the Court’s recent important decision in McKinnon. After reviewing the judgments in the case, the author advocates that freedom of information rights must not be seen in isolation, but in the context of broader constitutional rights, including the implied right to political freedom of communication, as well as the doctrine of representative government. It is suggested that the effect of the decision is to unduly narrow the rights citizens would otherwise have under freedom of information laws, and is contrary to the spirit of such laws. It compromises the ability of the sovereign people to exercise that sovereignty over their elected representatives. Placing freedom of information rights into this broader constitutional perspective, the decision can be seen as out of step with the Constitution and its prescribed system of government. More broadly, it is considered that freedom of information principles must be interpreted within the existing constitutional rights framework.
Intellectual Property Protection of Indigenous Knowledge: Implementing Initiatives at National and Regional Levels
Authors: Kariyawasam Kanchana , Guy Scott
Published: April 2016

This article highlights the fundamental importance of implementing both national and regional measures to protect indigenous intellectual property rights. The development of such measures provides countries with an opportunity to protect their traditional knowledge. The measures will be implemented according to each country’s unique level of economic development. In particular, laws can be developed that are sensitive to, and take specific account of, the cultural, social, political and economic diversity of the enacting countries. In light of these issues, this article concludes that national and regional integration provides an excellent opportunity for furthering national and regional collaboration, harmonising policies, and synchronising interventions across borders. It finally argues that effective and instrumentally beneficial national and regional mechanisms are more likely to succeed in states with similar cultures, economies, and ecology.
'There must be a Better Way': Personal Injuries Compensation since the 'Crisis in Insurance'
Authors: Field Andrew
Published: April 2016

It is now six years since the 2002 ‘crisis in insurance’. It can now be observed that the attributed cause of the crisis - an explosion in common law personal injuries claims - was overstated. It is also evident that the legislature’s solution to the crisis was excessive. Statutory amendments took
away from injured plaintiffs the right to sue - to the benefit of negligent tortfeasors and their indemnifiers. They assisted private corporations’ return to profitability by depriving the injured of the right to compensation.
Accordingly, it is now time to consider other alternatives: if not a return to an unfettered common law (the limitations of which have often been discussed), then perhaps other alternatives, including broad-based no fault compensation such as that in use in New Zealand.
Statutory Retention of Title Structures? A Comparative Analysis of German Property Transfer Rules in Light of English and Australian Law
Authors: Wolff Lutz-Christian
Published: April 2016

Retention of title arrangements are common contractual tools to secure the payment of the purchase price in cases where sold goods are delivered to the buyer prior to such payment. In most jurisdictions retention of title arrangements require an agreement between the buyer and the seller. Based on a comparative analysis of German law this article argues that it would be in the best interest of all concerned parties to replace this requirement with statutory retention of title structures. Statutory retention of title structures, that is, rules according to which the payment of the purchase price is an automatic - but rebuttable - precondition for the transfer of title to movable property, would only codify what is common contract practice anyway and thus eliminate the potential for errors and conflicts.
The Reality of Non-Adversarial Justice: Principles and Practice
Authors: Gutman Judy
Published: April 2016

The growth, development and institutionalisation of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes in Australia have paved the way for a changing legal culture. Whilst the adversarial process underpins the Australian legal system, the theory and practice of ADR has allowed a broadening of attitudes towards conflict resolution. In Victoria, collaborative rather than adversarial approaches to justice have been put into practice in ‘problem-solving courts’. This development evidences an institutional shift from adversarial justice towards the greater inclusion of non-adversarial dispute resolution processes. Contemporary best practice lawyering demands recognition and acceptance of this change. Legal educators and regulators must also act on the new reality of lawyering.