bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONTINUUM OF TERENGGANU DIALECT ALONG THE EAST COAST MALAYSIA: A GEOLINGUISTIC STUDY
Authors: Jalaluddin Nor Hashimah , Wan Halim Wan Athirah Adilah , Saari Khairul Ashraaf
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose:  One of the eminent Malay dialects on the east coast is the Terengganu dialect which is argued to have some linguistic peculiarities. The prominent characteristics are nasal modification, nasal deletion, fricative modification, liquid deletion and monophthongization. These dialectal features are very much different from the standard Malay.
 
Methodology:  This research involved a fieldwork at 52 village points with the participation of 500 informants. They were interviewed and requested to fill in the questionnaires.  
 
Findings: The findings prove that the Terengganu dialectal features are widely used and progressed to southward. Hence the distribution overtly formed a continuum of Terengganu dialect. Non-linguistic factors such as history, socioeconomics and topography also play essential roles in regulating the  distribution of this dialect. Historically, Terengganu was regarded as  the centre of civilization  with the discovery of the inscription stone as early as 1303AD. Its sea served as the silk road for the Chinese merchants. In addition, Terengganu people were expert  in making vessels and they are skillful sailors as well. Furthermore, the flatlands along the coast amplifies the movement and dissemination of this dialect.
 
Contributions: A geolinguistic study presented in this article provides some novel insights into how the Terengganu dialect dispersed, and the dialect continuum was formed using GIS technology. 
 
Keywords: Dialect continuum, east-coast, geolinguistics, Terengganu dialect, topography.
 
Cite as: Jalaluddin, N. H., Wan Halim, W. A. A., & Saari, K. A. (2021). The continuum of Terengganu dialect along the east coast Malaysia: A geolinguistic study.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 176-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp176-198
CULTURAL CONTENTS IN THE ELT TEXTBOOK PREPARED BY THE INDONESIAN MINISTRY OF EDUCATION FOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Deswila Nurhamsi , Kustati Martin , Yusuf Yunisrina Qismullah , Raja Harun Raja Nor Safinas , - Besral , - Rehani
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose: Learning materials are powerful resources in facilitating students’ intercultural communication competence; therefore, this study aims to investigate the cultural contents presented in the textbook for Year 11 students in Indonesian secondary schools.  Methodology: This study employed a content analysis approach based on the framework by Cortazzi and Jin (1999). The texts, dialogues and images in the textbook were analyzed to understand which culture they represent.  Findings: The textbook contains elements of the target culture, native culture and other international cultures in varying degrees. The dominant culture presented in the textbook is the target culture (57.6%). Elements of native culture represent about one-third of the content (30.3%). However, the content related to other international cultures is very limited (12.1%). When there is a lack of exposure to international cultures, students’ cognitive and affective skills may subsequently reduce and this leads to difficulty in developing their intercultural competence. Revision to some parts of the textbook should be done to meet the ideal requirements. Contributions: The study provides insights into the cultural contents of the ELT textbook used in Indonesian secondary schools and it suggests that the textbook should be revised to meet the requirement of intercultural competence.
 
Keywords: ELT textbook, intercultural competence, international culture, native culture, target culture.
 
Cite as: Deswila, N., Kustati, M., Yusuf, Y. Q., Raja Harun, R. N. S., Besral, & Rehani. (2021). Cultural contents in the ELT textbook prepared by the Indonesian ministry of education for secondary schools.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 222-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp222-241
THE WORLD'S OLDEST UNIVERSITY AND ITS FINANCING EXPERIENCE: A STUDY ON AL-QARAWIYYIN UNIVERSITY (859-990)
Authors: Hoque Muhammad Nazmul , Abdullah Md. Faruk
Published: June 2021

Al-Qarawiyyin University's independence in terms of finances had been a significant and influential factor in making it possible for the university to maintain its high quality. Therefore, this paper aims to examine and analyse the financial sources for the development and operation of this university. It reviews and analyses historical data through relevant literature and documents. Waqf played a significant role in providing financial assistance to the university's communities and in strengthening its academic quality. There were four significant types of waqf sources which were the individual fund, the collective waqf fund, the Sultan fund and the alumni fund along with different other types of charities, i.e. sadaqah. This article adds new knowledge by examining the financing experiences of the world's oldest university. It is expected that the instance of Al-Qarawiyyin University may contribute to finding out a solution for the funding crises in contemporary institutions. This review is hoped to constitute a significant contribution to scholarship in general and act as a suggestion for solving the contemporary funding crisis of higher educational institutions.
 
Keywords: Al-Qarawiyyin University, financing higher education, Morocco, Waqf.
 
Cite as: Hoque, M. N., & Abdullah, M. F. (2021). The world's oldest university and its financing experience: A study on Al-Qarawiyyin University (859-990).  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 24-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp24-41
POLICY CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION: THE CASE OF THE CEFR IN MALAYSIAN ESL CLASSROOMS
Authors: C. Alih Nur Ashiquin , Abdul Raof Abdul Halim , Md. Yusof Masdinah Alauyah
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose: With rapid global development happening in the world today, the field of education has been awash with various change forces. In an effort to ensure its system is globally competitive, Malaysia has taken a step to align its English language education system to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). However, any change in policy is not without problems and challenges as studies have shown that challenges were inevitable and stakeholders’ buy-in on the new change is necessary. Hence, this study was undertaken to investigate the challenges faced by teachers in implementing the CEFR in Malaysian ESL classrooms, their belief on this new reform and their readiness to implement the CEFR.
 
Methodology: A mixed-method design was utilized with the use of questionnaire and semi structured interview as means for data collection. 365 English language teachers responded to the questionnaire while 15 English language teachers participated in interview sessions.
 
Findings: The data revealed five challenges namely teachers’ motivation, materials, time, students’ proficiency level and facilities. Despite facing multiple challenges, all teachers exhibited positive belief towards the adoption of the CEFR. The study also showed that although teachers were emotionally ready to accept the change, their cognitive readiness for change however is dependent upon three important facets namely time, collective effort and adequate materials.
 
Contributions: The study provides insights into the change in policy involving the CEFR implementation in the Malaysian English language education system which contributes to the scarce literature on the implementation of CEFR.
 
Keywords:  Policy implementation, challenges in policy change, teachers’ belief, Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), readiness for change.
 
Cite as: C. Alih, N. A., Abdul Raof, A. H., & Md. Yusof, M. A. (2021). Policy change implementation: The case of the CEFR in Malaysian ESL classrooms.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(2), 296-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss2pp296-317
Política tecnológica en Argentina: los Fondos Argentinos Sectoriales en el caso de la nanotecnología
Authors: Surtayeva Sofya
Published: June 2021

Las políticas para impulsar el cambio tecnológico constituyen un complejo desafío para los países latinoamericanos. En Argentina, a diferencia de los países desarrollados, las políticas de ciencia y tecnología (CyT) fueron influenciadas por una lógica basada en la oferta de conocimientos proveniente del sector académico. Esto se tradujo en la promoción de políticas horizontales: formación de recursos calificados en CyT, creación de infraestructura CyT y financiamiento de proyectos de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D). Esta tendencia reforzó las debilidades estatales para el diseño e implementación de políticas orientadas a misiones enraizadas en problemas de relevancia socioeconómica. Las políticas de promoción a la nanotecnología, en el caso argentino, fueron estructuradas inicialmente bajo el enfoque de políticas horizontales. Ahora bien, los Fondos Argentinos Sectoriales (FONARSEC) fueron un instrumento de política novedoso, que buscó romper con esta tendencia al financiar proyectos para generar plataformas tecnológicas que generen innovaciones científico-tecnológicas y, en los cuales, se requería una fuerte participación empresarial. Este artículo se centra en el análisis del FONARSEC, para lo cual se estudian dos proyectos nanotecnológicos, buscando determinar sus fortalezas y debilidades.
Posiciones docentes subjetivantes. El buen encuentro
Authors: Mansanel Mariela
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se intenta reflexionar acerca de aquellas posiciones y miradas docentes subjetivantes que favorecen a los alumnos que presentan una dificultad en su estructuración subjetiva para que puedan transitar de mejor modo el espacio escolar y así realizar un óptimo aprovechamiento de la propuesta educativa.
La política exterior argentina frente al volátil escenario internacional de la postpandemia y la competencia entre China y Estados Unidos: ¿aquiescencia, pragmatismo o autonomía?
Authors: Treacy Mariano
Published: June 2021

El escenario internacional actual está caracterizado por tres tendencias centrales: la crisis de la globalización, la confrontación entre los Estados Unidos y China y la crisis del multilateralismo. Debido a esto, existe cierto consenso entre analistas internacionales de que la pandemia, más que causar un cambio drástico en el escenario internacional, provocará una aceleración de estas tendencias. El volátil, incierto y turbulento escenario despierta numerosas preguntas sobre cuál es la mejor manera de pensar una política exterior para la Argentina y de definir estrategias de integración regional en América Latina. Con este objetivo, en este trabajo se ofrece una caracterización de las tendencias dominantes en la escena global actual, se propone una caracterización de la Política Exterior Argentina en el período reciente y se ofrece una reflexión exploratoria sobre el tipo de política exterior que se considera más apropiado en este contexto de incertidumbre.
Gêneros do discurso e Sitz im Leben: a origem comum e a relação entre os conceitos teóricos
Authors: Leite Francisco Benedito
Published: June 2021

O presente ensaio propõe a existência de relações entre a teoria de Bakhtin sobre os gêneros do discurso e o conceito de Sitz im Leben, advindo da Exegese Bíblica germânica. A hipótese apresentada é a de que ambos têm em comum a influência da filosofia idealista alemã e, mais particularmente, do Romantismo. Dada a compreensão de que os conceitos advêm de uma mesma fonte filosófica, mas suas aplicações teóricas são realizadas a objetos diferentes, pode-se buscar o desenvolvimento de uma compreensão mais ampla dos gêneros do discurso, para que este também seja aplicado aos estudos bíblicos, associado ao Sitz im Leben.
The DIY Principle in Home Improvement: Background, Motivation and Benefits
Authors: Ďurianová Andrea , Daniel Peter
Published: June 2021

Producing objects for one’s own consumption is a major strand in the historical development of material culture. Making things with one’s own hands can be considered a natural means to satisfy human needs. In the present time, this form of production is covered by the term “do-it-yourself” (DIY). DIY has become a global social phenomenon, especially thanks to the opportunities enabled by the Internet. Websites provide a lively forum for discussion, sharing ideas, how-to guides, and galleries of the results of DIY projects. The present work addresses home improvement DIY projects carried out by individuals in Slovakia. The aim is to outline the background, motivation and inspiration of so called do-it-yourselfers, the DIY process and participants’ evaluation of their work. DIY is generally considered to be an activity for amateurs, which is to say people who engage in the activity in their free time, as opposed to professionals, who perform such activity as their job or to earn a living. Moreover, the paper also partly focuses on the relationship between amateurs and professionals which has shown to be the basic principle of current DIY home improvements. One of significant findings of the research showed that the individual experience of craftsmanship or craftwork and the individual need for self-expression appear to be important parts of the DIY experience. Research findings contribute to a better understanding of DIY production in the context of design as an academic discipline. The main research method used was a questionnaire titled “DIY home improvement”, which was drawn up on the model of prior research abroad.
Weight Gain of Highland Cattle Depending on the Share of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) in the Meadow Sward
Authors: Radkowski Adam , Radkowska Iwona , Bocianowski Jan , Cyplik Adrian
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the different proportion of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in the meadow sward on its fodder value and daily weight gain of Highland cattle. The research was carried out on meadow sward with natural undergrowth that was cultivated by sowing perennial ryegrass. When preparing the sward for sowing, around 40% of it was damaged with a rotary tiller. The sowing rate for perennial ryegrass seeds was varied and amounted to 5, 10 and 15 kg ha−1. As a result, the following treatments of meadow sward were obtained and distinguished: semi-natural sward without sowing as the control, and three experimental treatments with approximately 18, 36 and 55% share of perennial ryegrass in the meadow sward. The animals were kept in a cowshed. In the nutritional part, the impact of feeding the obtained sward on the daily weight gain of Highland bulls and heifers was assessed. The obtained results showed higher gains in both bulls and heifers fed with sward from grasslands with a greater proportion of perennial ryegrass. The weight gain of the animals resulted from the nutrition, i.e. the quality of the feed obtained from the experimental objects. During the control fattening period, the bulls’ average daily weight gain ranged from 649 g to 714 g, while for heifers 556 g to 598 g. Statistical significance (P≤0.05) in body weight gains in both bulls and heifers was shown already at 36% of perennial ryegrass in the meadow sward.
Effect of Complexation Conditions on Microcapsulation of Lactobacillus Casei L61 in Gellan Gum–Chitosan Gels
Authors: Meng Fanbo , Shu Guowei , He Yunxia , Li Wenhui , Guo Hongxing , Meng Jiangpeng
Published: June 2021

Probiotics have many benefits for human intestinal health. However, Probiotics have poor tolerance to gastric acid and bile salts of the stomach. Microencapsulation could confer protection to probiotic against harsh environments effectively. In this experiment, Lactobacillus casei L61 was embedded by extrusion with gellan gum and chitosan as wall material. The viable cells and encapsulation yield of microcapsules were used as the indexes, the optimum values of each factor were determined by a single factor experiment. Chitosan concentration 0.50%, chitosan pH 4.5, gellan gum concentration 1.50%, the volume ratio of bacterial suspension to gellan gum is 1:6, the volume ratio of bacterial gum to chitosan is 1:4, the stirring time is 40min.
Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Cell Envelope Proteinase Produced by Lactobacillus Plantarum LP69
Authors: Zhang Chi , Chen He , Lei Ni , Du Guanli , Li Xiangyun , Liu Zemin , Cao Jili
Published: June 2021

Cell-envelope proteinases (CEPs) can hydrolyze casein into functional peptides, which is beneficial to the health of the host. The single factor experiment screened out that the optimal conditions for CEP production by Lactobacillus plantarum LP69 were 37°C, 20h, initial pH of 7, and optimal inoculation amount of 5%. The best conditions for this experiment were obtained by orthogonal experiment: time 22h, temperature 39°C, initial pH value of 6, and inoculation amount of 5%. Under this culture condition, the target protease activity of Lactobacillus plantarum LP69 reached 22.31±0.82U/mL, the protein content was 19.07±0.36mg/mL, and the specific activity was 1.17±0.06U/mg. The specific activity significantly increased by 15.8% compared with the control (p<0.05).
Protection of Steel Structures with Paint Coatings in the Context of Environmental Pollution
Authors: Dohojda Marek Henryk , Backiel-Brzozowska Beata , Dohojda Bożena
Published: June 2021

The article presents important problems occurring in the operation of large-size steel structures protected by paint coatings. In our atmospheric conditions, corrosion of steel structures cannot be avoided, even with the use of protective coatings. The problem of environmental pollution with corrosion products and exfoliated paint then appears. When designing corrosion protection, durability of protection is assumed based on environmental corrosivity categories, but in practice degradation of paint coatings can occur much faster. The problem of premature peeling of paint results, among other things, from its faulty application and use. Steel structure repairs are usually carried out comprehensively, and new protection requires the removal of damaged coatings, mainly by sanding. As a result of the mechanical action of the abrasive material, old paints and corrosion products are removed, which results in a very large amount of waste that settles on the adjacent area. Due to the age of paint removed, this waste often contains compounds such as lead, chromium or zinc, which pose a real threat to the natural environment around the renovated buildings. In the article, based on the observations carried out directly on the exemplary structures in renovation, the actual scope of the waste emission was determined. This is a contribution to further spectrometric studies to determine the exact area of contamination and to identify heavy metals in the waste arising from the renovation of steel structures with paint coatings.
Artificial Intelligence in Military Application – Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Szabadföldi István
Published: June 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing an increasing role in planning and supporting military operations and becoming a key tool in intelligence and analysis of the enemy’s intelligence. Another field of application of AI is the field of application of autonomous weapon systems and vehicles. The use of AI is expected to have a greater impact on the military functions of human-machine interfaces (machine-learning, man-machine teaming). AI promises to get over the “3V challenge” (volume, variety and velocity) of Big Data, and is also expected to reduce the risks concerning the other “2V” (veracity, value), and to render data processing on a controlled level of decision based on AI’s knowledge. The aim of the article is to provide an overview on the potentials of application of AI in the military and to highlight the need to identify and define measurable indicators to evaluate benefits of state-of-the-art technologies and solutions which are expected to improve quality and performance of operations focusing on key areas as of situational awareness and decision-making support and also logistic and operational planning as well as modelling and simulation (M&S).
Media Relations in Polish Police – Rules and Tools of Social Communication Empirical Research Results
Authors: Gawroński Sławomir
Published: June 2021

The existence of press offices in public administration, in uniformed forces, is not a new phe-nomenon– even in Poland. This profession did not appear in the nineties as it may have seemed, buthad been present much earlier. The fact is that after the political transformation in 1989, it becameless propaganda orientated and leant towards public relations. Nowadays, almost every uniform ser-vice has a smaller or bigger structure of media-related officers, who are capable of using strategies,tools and techniques from the field of social communication for the fulfilment of various goals. ThePolish Police force is a service which was the first that started developing press services and builta system for managing media relations effects. Specific operation of uniform press services whichis described in the article was based upon the internal police data and field research based on a re-search project “Marketing communication of uniformed forces in Poland”.
KERAMIK CINA BAGI ORANG BIAK-NUMFOR DI TELUK CENDERAWASIH: PENGGUNAAN DAN MAKNANYA (The Chinese Ceramics of Biaknese Numfor in Gulf of Cenderawasih: It’s Use and Meaning)
Authors: Fairyo Klementin
Published: June 2021

Chinese ceramics is a thing that comes from outside Papua. existence is possible because of the trading relationship either directly or indirectly, with ceramic producer countries. Ceramic exchange (barter) to produce Papua, especially the Bird of Paradise, Pala, Masohi, and aloes. Chinese ceramics for the Biak-Noemfoor in cenderawasih an important valuables. The past, the Biak-Noemfoor have a lot of Chinese ceramics is regarded as a hero (mambri). This paper will discuss the shape and type of ceramics used in the Biak cultural activities, as well as the use and meaning of Chinese ceramics for the Biak-Noemfoor. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through literature study, observation and interviews. Chinese ceramics found on archaeological sites in the area that is the site Biak Wariaba 5 and websites Snerbab b. Utilization of Chinese ceramics in the traditional ceremonies of Biak-Noemfoor the tradition continues.AbstrakKeramik Cina merupakan benda yang berasal dari luar Papua. Keberadaannya dimungkinkan karena adanya hubungan dagang dengan negara-negara produsen keramik, baik secara langsung maupun tidak. Keramik ditukar (barter) dengan hasil bumi Papua, khususnya burung cenderawasih, pala, masohi, dan gaharu. Keramik Cina bagi orang Biak-Numfor di Teluk cenderawasih merupakan barang berharga yang penting. Masa lalu, orang Biak-Numfor memiliki banyak keramik Cina dianggap sebagai pahlawan (Mambri). Tulisan ini akan membahas bentuk dan jenis keramik yang digunakan dalam aktivitas budaya orang Biak, serta penggunaan dan makna keramik Cina bagi orang Biak-Numfor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan, observasi dan wawancara. Keramik Cina yang ditemukan di situs arkeologi di wilayah Biak yaitu situs Wariaba 5 dan situs Snerbab b. Pemanfaatan keramik Cina dalam upacara adat orang Biak-Numfor merupakan tradisi berlanjut
PERALATAN DAPUR TRADISIONAL SEBAGAI WARISAN KEKAYAAN BUDAYA BANGSA INDONESIA (Traditional of Kitchen Equipment as Cultural Heritage Richness of Indonesia Nation)
Authors: Suranny Lilyk Eka
Published: June 2021

Traditional kitchen equipment has existed since prehistoric people began to recognize the farming. Along with the development of science and technology, the use of traditional kitchen equipment is being abandoned by the community. Therefore it is necessary to attempt for preserve this traditional kitchen equipment as one of the nations rich heritage. This paper will describe some traditional kitchen equipment, its benefits and the existence in community. Data was collected using observation, interviews and literature study. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Some traditional kitchen equipment that was found in this study, among others furnace, cormorant, cauldron, wajan, jugs, coconut grated, crock, irus, centong, as well as pestle and mortar. The benefits derived from the use of traditional kitchen equipment is to have a distinctive flavor, safer and environmentally friendly, more economical and preserve the traditions of the ancestors.AbstrakPeralatan dapur tradisional sudah ada sejak manusia prasejarah mulai mengenal bercocok tanam. Seiring dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, pemakaian peralatan dapur tradisional ini semakin ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya upaya untuk melestarikan peralatan dapur tradisional tersebut sebagai salah satu warisan kekayaan bangsa. Tulisan ini akan membahas beberapa peralatan dapur tradisional, manfaat penggunaannya serta keberadaan di dalam masyarakat saat ini. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Beberapa peralatan dapur tradisional yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini antara lain tungku, dandang, belanga, wajan, kendi, parutan kelapa, tempayan, irus, centong, serta cobek dan ulekan. Manfaat yang diperoleh dari penggunaan peralatan dapur tradisional adalah memiliki cita rasa yang khas, lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan, lebih ekonomis serta melestarikan tradisi nenek moyang.
The Modernization of the Russian Society: Historical Experience and Some Current Challenges
Authors: Ivashkovsky S. N.
Published: June 2021

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Bosnia and Herzegovina, EU and NATO
Authors: Kandell P. E.
Published: June 2021

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On the Eve of Nazi Invasion: Fatal Miscalculations
Authors: Gavrilov V. A.
Published: June 2021

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Higher Education as the Sstate’s Soft Power Potential
Authors: Panova E. P.
Published: June 2021

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International Competitive Auctions
Authors: Kapitza L. M.
Published: June 2021

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Social Potential and the Russian Long-term Development Strategy
Authors: Podberezkin A. I.
Published: June 2021

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The Gibraltar Problem in Relations between Spain and Great Britain: the History of the Conflict
Authors: Kuznetsova M. V.
Published: June 2021

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Global history: a water-factor
Authors: Shestova T. L.
Published: June 2021

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Anniversary of one mistake
Authors: Ivanov A. V.
Published: June 2021

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Basque Country: Political Power Shift
Authors: Khenkin S. M.
Published: June 2021

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Features of Control Body Forming in the Frame of Russia’s Municipal Authori
Authors: Terekhova T. N.
Published: June 2021

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Understanding the Methodology of Studying Sociocultural Influence on the Review Process in Russian Science Foundations
Authors: Konnov V. I. , Kharkeviсh M. V.
Published: June 2021

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The Factors of the Evolution of the Central Asian Countries’ Geopolitical Position
Authors: Akkadieva G. I.
Published: June 2021

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Domestic Political Pressures in the United States on the Trust Issue in the Russian-American Military and Political Relations
Authors: Neupokoeva E. Y.
Published: June 2021

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European Security Architecture: Global and Regional Perspective
Authors: Leontieva A. S.
Published: June 2021

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British Ethno-Radical Parties in the Crisis Context: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Yeryomina N. V.
Published: June 2021

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New Tendencies in the Development of the EU Competition Law – the AstraZeneca case
Authors: Entin K. V.
Published: June 2021

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Cooperation of the European Union and the Member-States in Implementing the Statute of the ICC and Supporting its Activity
Authors: Alizade V. A.
Published: June 2021

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Foreigners at the Russian Life in XV-XVI Centuries
Authors: Tchernikova T. V.
Published: June 2021

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The Resource Potential of Caspian Region for the Energy Security in Eurasia: Production and Export of Natural Gas
Authors: Kazharov R. N.
Published: June 2021

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Catalan Statute and Federalization Process in Spain
Authors: Volkova G. I.
Published: June 2021

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Cell Therapy Moving in the Right Direction
Authors:   Pluricell Biotech, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil, Valadares Marcos
Published: June 2021

Recently, Biagi et al., 2021 published results of yet another successful demonstration of how hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes can engraft in rats' hearts and improve their cardiac function [1]. According to the work, these results are probably due to the segmental improvement in areas where the grafts were found
Nuevas miradas al rol de las mujeres en el Sistema de Drogas Ilícitas: enfoque de género y participación de mujeres policías
Authors: Rodríguez Samora Diego , Pulido Blasi Clara Isabel , Peralta Romero Nadia , Díaz Velásquez Carol
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se aborda el microtráfico de estupefacientes como uno de los componentes del sistema de drogas ilícitas (SDI), a partir del cual se pueden analizar el servicio de policía y el actor criminal con perspectiva de género asociada a la confrontación institucional de la problemática social en cuestión. El análisis partirá de la descripción del SDI, y a partir de ello se hará una caracterización del microtráfico donde se presenta un rol femenino preponderante; en ocasiones, invisibilizado. Esta problemática social asume dos dimensiones que cobijan a las instituciones de la seguridad, en las cuales existe la participación de la mujer en el fenómeno: una es el rol de esta como agente criminal preponderante, y otra, su rol como servidor público y agente de la ley que lo confronta.
Magic realism and science fiction: Salman Rushdie’s inter-generic writing
Authors:   School of Foreign Languages, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China, Zhang Xiaohong , Ou Peiyi ,   University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
Published: June 2021

Salman Rushdie’s fiction is well-known for its abundant mixes of magic realist and science fiction textual elements. By resorting to three writing strategies, namely “meta-writing,” “split-writing” and writing about identity-related issues, Rushdie generates a type of “inter-generic writing” that serves to voice authorial appeals for hybridity, impurity and plurality. Meta-writing is an authorial construction of the neo-historicist verisimilitude justifying the legitimacy and self-sufficiency of literary writing. Split-writing reveals “the alterity of selves,” thus advocating tolerance and pluralism. Writing about identity-related issues is no less than a politicized identity construction, in the quest for multiple postcolonial subjectivities in the “Third Space.”
Stoklara İlişkin Hükümlerin KÜMİ FRS Kapsamında İncelenmesi ve Türkiye’deki Mevcut Uygulama ve Standartların Karşılaştırılması
Authors: KAYA Yusuf , UTKU Mehmet
Published: June 2021

12.07.2019 tarihinde yayınlanarak kamuoyu görüşüne sunulan Küçük ve Mikro İşletmeler İçin Finansal Raporlama Standardı (KÜMİ FRS) Taslağı, toplam 22 bölüm ve 105 sayfadan oluşmaktadır. Standardın uygulamaya başlanmasıyla birlikte, küçük ve mikro ölçekli işletmelerde de vergi temelli muhasebe yaklaşımından bilgi temelli muhasebe yaklaşımına geçilecektir. Uygulayacak işletme sayısı bakımından geniş kapsamlı olması sebebiyle KÜMİ FRS’nin anlaşılabilirliği büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmayla amaçlanan, işletme varlıkları içinde büyük paya sahip olan stoklar grubunun, KÜMİ FRS hükümleri çerçevesinde ele alınması ve VUK/MSUGT, TMS 2 Stoklar ve BOBİ FRS Stoklar bölümüyle karşılaştırılarak muhasebeleştirme işlemlerinin nasıl yapılacağının gösterilmesidir. KÜMİ FRS stoklar bölümü incelendiğinde, TMS/TFRS ve BOBİ FRS’ye göre daha az detaya yer verildiği görülmektedir. Bu sayede stoklara ilişkin hükümler daha anlaşılabilir ve daha kolay uygulanabilir hale gelmiştir. KÜMİ FRS stokların satın alınmasında vade farkının ayrıştırılması ve stoklarda değer düşüklüğü gibi konularda diğer standartlardan ayrılmaktadır. VUK/MSUGT’a göre ise birçok konuda benzerlik gösterse de dönüştürme maliyetleri, hizmet işletmelerinde stok maliyeti, maliyet ölçüm teknikleri, gibi konularda yenilikler getirmiştir.
Türkiye’de Ön Lisans Muhasebe Eğitimi Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi (2004-2020)
Authors: BAYRAKCIOĞLU Süleyman
Published: June 2021

Araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’de ön lisans muhasebe eğitimi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizidir. Araştırma kapsamında 2004-2020 yılları arasında yayımlanan ön lisans muhasebe eğitimini ve ön lisans muhasebe öğrencilerini konu alan 102 makale incelenmiştir. Makaleler yayın yılı, yayınlandığı dergiler, anahtar kelimelerin kavram yoğunluğu, yazar sayısı, yazarların makale sayıları, yazarların kurumları, yazarlar arası sosyal ağ ilişkilerine göre bibliyometrik yöntemle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre yıllar itibarıyla muhasebe eğitimi alanında yayınlanan makale sayısı artmaktadır. Makalelerin %30’luk kısmı 3 dergide yayınlanmıştır. Geri kalan dergilerin büyük çoğunluğunda yalnızca 1 makale yayınlanmıştır. İlgili çalışmalarda anahtar kelimelerin seçiminde bir standardizasyon yoktur. İlgili dönemde yayınlanan makalelerin %76’sı çok yazarlıdır ve yazarların %82’sinin tek bir makalesi yayınlanmıştır. Çok yazarlı çalışmalarda yazarların genellikle aynı kurumda çalıştığı ve yazarlar arası işbirliğinin zayıf olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Contaminação mental no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo: revisão da literatura e orientações para a pesquisa e a clínica durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Coutinho Thales Vianna , Dias Mariana Rodrigues Gonçalves
Published: June 2021

É possível se contaminar através do pensamento? Objetivamente não; subjetivamente, porém, não se pode dizer o mesmo. O construto “contaminação mental” ainda é muito pouco estudado e, principalmente, pouco difundido na literatura em língua portuguesa. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi revisar os estudos que relacionaram a contaminação mental ao transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) ao longo dos últimos 5 anos. A busca foi realizada através das bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE e PsycINFO, e após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, seis estudos foram revisados integralmente. Com base na análise das amostras utilizadas, dos instrumentos adotados, dos resultados encontrados e das limitações informadas pelos autores de cada estudo, concluímos que: 1) poucos estudos contemplaram tanto uma população clínica como uma não clínica; 2) o Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory-Mental Contamination foi o instrumento mais utilizado para mensurar a contaminação  mental; 3) a contaminação mental tem relação com outros fenômenos que também fazem parte do TOC (como a propensão ao nojo); e 4) os estudos apresentam, comumente, limitações relacionadas à amostra. Ao final, apresentamos os passos  necessários para incentivar a pesquisa científica brasileira acerca da contaminaçãomental, bem como estratégias que os profissionais da saúde mental podem adotar para orientar pacientes com TOC, durante o período da pandemia, visando reduzir a suscetibilidade à contaminação mental.
Computational Missile Guidance: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: He Shaoming , Shin Hyo-Sang , Tsourdos Antonios
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to examine the potential of using the emerging deep reinforcement learning techniques in missile guidance applications. To this end, a Markovian decision process that enables the application of reinforcement learning theory to solve the guidance problem is formulated. A heuristic way is used to shape a proper reward function that has tradeoff between guidance accuracy, energy consumption, and interception time. The state-of-the-art deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is used to learn an action policy that maps the observed engagements states to a guidance command. Extensive empirical numerical simulations are performed to validate the proposed computational guidance algorithm.
Pengaruh Parenting Stress terhadap Harga Diri Orangtua di JABODETABEK
Authors: Lunanta Lita Patricia , Hatta Andi Rina , Kristiyani Veronica , Srifianti Srifianti
Published: June 2021

Situations that parents handle affect how they parent their children and this will affect howtheir children develop later on. The aim of this research is to analyze how parenting stressaffects other factors in parent’s psychological condition, especially in their self-esteem. Thisresearch was held to parents with middle school children who live in JABODETABEK with241 participants. The scale that was used to measure parenting stress is the one that Berry andJones (1995) developed and to measure self-esteem is The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventorythat was developed by Ryden (1978). This research used a quantitative descriptive method todescribe parenting stress and self-esteem of participants and used simple regression analysisto measure how parenting stress affects self-esteem of middle school children’s parents. Fromthe statistical analysis it was found that parenting stress contributed negatively (t (241) = -7.330, p <0.005) to self-esteem of parents with middle school age children in JABODETABEK.The higher the parenting stress the lower self-esteem becomes. Parenting stress contributed 18percent to self-esteem that means the remaining 82 percent of a parent's self-esteem wasdetermined by other factors.
Peran Kontrol Diri sebagai Prediktor Perilaku Mengemudi Agresif pada Pengemudi Mobil di Jakarta
Authors: Angeline Patricia , Arjadi Retha
Published: June 2021

Many things can cause traffic accident, including the driver behaviour. Aggressive drivingbehaviour is associated with the risk of traffic accident. Aggressive driving behaviour usuallypredicted by external factors, such as other driver’s attitude or gesture that could trigger anger.However, aggressive driving behaviour could also be shown in a situation where there is no otherdriver, for example when someone drive with a high speed in an empty traffic. This means, internalfactor, associated with the ability of the drivers to control themselves, can also contribute toaggressive driving behaviour. This study aims to investigate the role of self-control in predictingaggressive driving behaviour in car driver, specifically in Jakarta. The result from linearaggression analysis shows that self-control significantly predicted aggressive driving behaviourin car drivers in Jakarta. The coefficient is negative, showing that higher self-control determineslower aggressive driving behaviour, and lower self-control determines higher aggressive drivingbehaviour. Practical implications, limitations of the study, and recommendation for future studyare discussed.
Echohysterosalpingography: pros and cons. A systematic review
Authors: Pomortsev A. V. , Sencha A. N. , Astafyeva O. V. , Dyachenko Yu. Yu. , Matosyan M. A.
Published: June 2021

Background. Infertility is becoming ever more pressing a problem by year in Russia and worldwide. Tubal-peritoneal infertility is most frequent, with the prevalence of 42.5-80.5% in various estimates. Echohysterosalpingography is considered the today’s “gold standard” in tubal-peritoneal infertility diagnosis in women. This method is known to possess a series of limitations and adverse consequences due to painful sensations during and after check-ups that psychologically afflict women.

Objectives. An overview of current methods for inspecting fallopian tubes in reproductively impaired patients to inform promising diagnostic research.

Methods. Publications were mined and analysed in the PubMed, eLibrary, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Cyberleninka electronic databases. The query terms were: echohysterosalpingography [эхогистеросальпингография], echohysterography [эхогистерография], infertility [бесплодие], pregnancy planning [планирование беременности], fallopian patency [проходимость маточных труб], ultrasonic diagnosis [ультразвуковая диагностика], submucous myomatous node [субмукозный миоматозный узел], incompetent uterine scar [несостоятельный рубец на матке], niche [ниша]. The topic selected was female infertility, particularly, the use of echohysterosalpingography in fallopian diagnosis in reproductively impaired women.

Results. The review covers 52 sources of the total 118 analysed. Current published evidence and its review identify a notable success of imaging techniques in the fallopian tube diagnosis in women with reproductive problems. The continually developing echohysterosalpingography technique is considered more promising for routine use. Techniques gain more value in analyses of implantation failures. The main challenges in current radiodiagnosis and monitoring of fallopian lesions at a background therapy are the inspection standardisation, disease classification, imaging diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value evaluation in patients with reproductive loss and infertility.

Conclusion. The prospective routes of research comprise the definition of optimal check-up terms, echohysterography and echohysterosalpingography diagnostic criteria descriptiveness, improving prognosis in the carrying of pregnancy and treatment efficacy control. A timely and accurate diagnosis of uterus and fallopian tubes is of paramount importance to sustain the women’s reproductive health.
Positive and negative properties of four endodontic sealant groups: a systematic review
Authors: Chestnyh E. V. , Larichkin I. O. , Iusufova M. V. , Oreshkina D. I. , Oreshkina E. I. , Minakova V. S. , Plekhanova S. V.
Published: June 2021

Background. The choice of sealant is an important dentist’s decision with a long-term influence on treatment. Knowledge of the properties and characters of each material is key to the optimal endosealer selection on individual basis.

Objectives. A comparison of endodontic sealants based on epoxy resins, calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol and bioceramics.

Methods. Publications were mined in the PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases to cover the four sealer groups (epoxy, calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol and bioceramics) over years 2014-2021, including selected relevant sources within 2002-2013; 73 articles were considered for review, regardless of the study design or language. Content and descriptive analyses were used as research tools. Meta-analysis was not used due to a high evidence heterogeneity.

Results. The dental market currently offers a variety of sealant groups. Endodontic sealants based on epoxy resins, zinc oxide eugenol, calcium hydroxide and bioceramics are the most common. The review identifies no ideal material for the root canal filling.

Conclusion. Manifold studies demonstrate the pros and cons in each endodontic sealant group with respect to variant criteria. Depending on clinical situation, the practitioner can opt for the material property to identify the endosealer.
Ultrasonic diagnosis of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissue in women of different age: a non-randomised observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Bondarenko I. N.
Published: June 2021

Background. A dynamic cross-layer visualisation of skin, its vascular structure in various anatomical facets during treatment in different age cohorts holds both scientific and practical value.

Objectives. A semiotic study of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues using high-resolution ultrasound in women of different age cohorts.

Methods. A total of 63 women aged between 22 and 59 years were enrolled. The study was designed with two comparison cohorts. The inclusion criteria were: women aged 22-59 years with no evident somatic or acute dermatological pathology not having aesthetic procedures for at least one month prior to the ultrasound examination of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues. The cohorts separated by age. Cohort 1 included 32 women aged 22-44 years (young), and cohort 2 — 31 women aged 45-59 years (middle-aged). High-resolution ultrasound (US) was performed in B-mode, colour Doppler and microV imaging.

Results. A maximal dermal thickness was facial middle-third in both cohorts, averaging to 1.87 ± 0.35 mm in the young and 1.57 ± 0.23 — in middle-aged cohort (p <0.0001). A minimal dermal thickness in both cohorts was periorbital (1.16 ± 0.15 mm in the 22-44-year and 0.95 ± 0.12 — in 45-59-year cohort) and in dorsal hand surface (0.89 ± 0.13 and 0.9 ± 0.16 mm, respectively, p <0.0001). The dermal thickness in face and neck diminished with age due to a thinning papillary layer. An adequate dermal vascularisation rate was greater in the young cohort (p = 0.038).

Conclusion. Ultrasound is effective in the diagnosis of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues at the planning and further control of safe injection and hardware aesthetic procedures, allowing a real-time thickness assessment of epidermis, dermis and its layers, vessels, subcutaneous fat and mimic muscles in norm and during complications.
Comparative evaluation of chitosan-based multifunctional wound dressings: a multistage randomised controlled experimental trial
Authors: Ushmarov D. I. , Gumenyuk S. E. , Gumenyuk A. S. , Gayvoronskaya T. V. , Karablina S. Ya. , Pomortsev А. V. , Sotnichenko A. S. , Melkonyan K. I. , Grigoriev T. Е.
Published: June 2021

Background. Wounds of various aetiology are among the most frequent traumatic injuries. A prospective route to improve treatment of this nosology is the development of novel or advancement of the already on-stage dressing materials.

Objectives. A comparative experimental assay of novel chitosan-based wound dressings in the healing of soft tissue wounds of different genesis using ultrasound to control biodegradation of the developed dosage form.

Methods. Soft tissue wounds were modelled in experimental animals, conventional and lineage male rats, 275 (± 25) g body weight, and male rabbits, 2,900 (± 150) g weight, using a proprietary methodology (Patent on invention RU No. 2703709 dated 23 August, 2018).

Two wound dressing samples selected as most promising and applicable in large-volume soft tissue aseptic wounds were tested in the final step of experiment. Ultrasound imaging of the model wound area during the sample material biodegradation was used to control the wound process in more detail. At all steps of experiment, animal models were handled in compliance with GOST 33044-2014 “Principles of Good Laboratory Practice”.

Histomorphological assays were carried out with common protocols. Variation statistics was used for the data analysis, including the mean (M) and standard mean error (± m) estimation. The level of statistical significance was p < 0.05.

Results. The animal assays and comprehensive evaluation of the obtained data revealed a high healing efficacy of chitosan-based wound coatings. The analyses of wound dressing samples have confirmed their predesigned properties: scaffold stability, capillarity, biodegradability and matrix capacities for the carried drug delivery.

Additionally, ultrasound was proved effective to estimate dynamics of the coated wound healing and biopolymer biodegradation processes.

Conclusion. The developed chitosan-based wound dressings exhibited efficacy in an experimental model of the soft tissues wound process.

The use of ultrasound to study dynamics of the wound process and coating biodegradation provided an adequate congruence between the imaging and tissue histomorphology data, as well as the structure and properties of coating material.