bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A framework for economic performance recovery in South Africa during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic
Authors: Fotso G. Bakam , Edoun E. I. , Pradhan A. , Sukdeo N.
Published: February 2022

In the trajectory to protect people and ensure national security regarding the rapid spread of the Corona virus disease pandemic, restrictions measures adopted by the South African government have caused severe collateral damages to the local economy. This article aims to provide a framework for economic performance recovery while dealing with the pandemic consequences. Using primary and secondary data, the retrieved statistical model depicts that 96.90% of the COVID-19 Economic Performance Recovery’ behaviour depends on the movement of COVID-19 Banking revitalisation, COVID-19 Financial policies, COVID-19 Management Process, COVID-19 Stakeholders Involvement and COVID-19 Future perspectives since the correlation is very strong and positive with coefficients that are respectively 96.4%, 95.1%, 95.6% and 94.9%. The stakeholders’ involvement component was not significant with a p-value of .143 but its combination with other factors enhances economic performance recovery. The regression standardised residual for C19EPR with an asymmetric probability distribution characterised by a negative skewness of - .531 long left tail and the Kurtosis of  -.977. For banking revitalisation, repo rate should be increased while banking regulations, loan guarantee scheme and the provisional mortgage forbearance to borrowers initiated with the pandemic should be suspended. Structural reforms should be implemented to sustain the implementation of the recovery plan namely the restructuration of trade policies and lowering barriers entry for business movements, supporting labour-intensive sectors like agriculture and tourism for inclusive growth and catalysing education and skills development. National and global pandemic -related stakeholders should be improved to support direct fiscal support and government guarantee schemes in addition to measures to provide liquidity to banks markets, alleviate US Dollar funding shortages. As part of the future perspectives to mitigate the pandemic issues, government should systematically monitor market price increase, and reduce exceptions for public policy considerations. In overall, recovery of economic performance in South Africa will depend on the GDP improvement and an increase of the repo rate. Furthermore, standard local issues like incessant trade disruptions, business declines, unemployment, drop of government revenues, orientated national funding and poverty increase should be improved as well. However, South African government only has to observe decentralised and implement international policies defined in the settings of the pandemic.
PERCEPTIONS AND STRATEGIES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS IN DEALING WITH PHYSICAL AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOURS AMONG CHILDREN IN THE BOLGATANGA MUNICIPALITY
Authors: Abugre Thomas , Subbey Michael
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate teacher perceptions and strategies in dealing with physical aggressive behaviours among children in early childhood centres in the Bolgatanga Municipality.

Methodology: A mixed-methods sequential exploratory design was chosen for this study. Data collection instruments included structured interview conducted for ten (10) headteachers from ten circuits and questionnaire for one hundred and twenty (120) for teachers, all purposively selected from sixty (60) early childhood centres.

Findings: The findings confirmed positive and supportive relationship between teacher and children and their families is essential for dealing with physically aggressive behaviours.

Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The researcher recommended that there is the need to work collaboratively with school authorities and families of children to minimize the occurrence and impact of physically aggressive behaviours in their centers. The study would expand teachers’ understanding of the complexities of physical aggression and how critical it is to use proactive strategies to successfully manage it. It would help policy makers to formulate policy guidelines to addressing physical aggressive behaviours in early childhood centres. The researcher hopes that it will contribute significant insights as to ways in which teachers can be equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to deal with various outburst of physical aggression in ways that will yield positive outcomes. It will also contribute to the body of literature both locally and globally by offering awareness as to the strategies that can be used effectively in managing physical aggression among our preschoolers. The study was underpinned by the Social Learning Theory; the Constructivist model; the Behaviour Model, and, the Ecological Model.
O‘zbekistonda bag‘rikenglik va millatlararo totuvlik g‘oyalarining ijtimoiy hayotdagi ahamiyati
Authors: Xosilmurodov Islom
Published: February 2022

Millatlararo totuvlik va diniy bag‘rikenglik demokratik jamiyatning asosiy tamoyillaridan biri sanaladi. Bag‘rikenglik fuqarolar orasida totuvlikni ta’minlaydi, jamiyat tabiiy ravishda uchraydigan ijtimoiy farqlarning keskinlashuviga, ijtimoiy nizolarning yuzaga kelishiga yo‘l qo‘ymaydi. Bugun nafaqat yurtimizda, balki butun yer yuzida diniy bag‘rikenglik, diniy konfessiyalararo o‘zaro hurmat, bir-birini tushunish asosiy hayotiy tamoyilga aylanmoqda. Mamlakatimizda amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlarning asl mohiyati ham millatlararo totuvlik va diniy bag‘rikenglik, o‘zaro manfaatli va amaliy ruhdagi tashqi siyosat yuritishga yo‘naltirilgan,  mamlakatimizning xalqaro nufuzini yanada oshirishga qaratilgan.
Analysis of the legal and linguistic typology of human rights texts
Authors: Yunusova Feruzakhon
Published: February 2022

This article discusses issues based on the analysis of legal texts on human rights. It also analyzes the problems of legal translation and explores the ideas of scientists on this topic. The selection of the characteristic features of a legal text as features of a legal translation is considered. These features are necessary for conducting pre-translation analysis and competent translation by both lawyers and linguists-translators.
Mafkuraviy xavfsizlikni ta’minlashning tarkibiy funksional tahlili
Authors: Karimova Saida
Published: February 2022

Maqolada hozirgi globallashuv jarayonlarida tobora muhim ahamiyat kasb etib borayotgan mafkuraviy xavfsizlik masalasi, uning tarkibiy funksional tahlili yoritilgan bo`lib, mafkuraviy xavfsizlikni ta’minlashda, uning asosiy tarkibiy qismlari sifatida maydonga chiqadigan  komil inson, sog‘lom e’tiqod, turmush tarzi, oila, milliy qadriyatlar, o`zlikni anglash, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy barqarorlik, mafkuraviy targ‘ibot kabilarning mazmun-mohiyati ochib berilgan.
Воспитание валеологической культуры как условие личности-социального развития детей дошкольного возраста
Authors: Ботирова Латофат
Published: February 2022

В данной статье  рассматриваются эффективные пути  формирования навыков здорового образа жизни, организация воспитательного процесса в режиме сотрудничества ребенка с педагогом и сверстниками, а также раскрыты  диагностика отношений ребенка к здоровью и здоровому образу жизни.
Economic regulation of development methods for water injection at explored fields
Authors: Bobojonova Zarnigor
Published: February 2022

This article describes the technological methods of developing water injection, if necessary, at the explored fields. Economic methods and approaches for optimizing the expenditure of the company's financial resources are also analyzed. In addition, the possibilities of water injection are given in relation to various economic situations, namely in the context of economic indicators.
Рим-католик черковининг кибермаконга нисбатан позицияси таҳлили
Authors: Ниязова Шоҳсанам
Published: February 2022

Мақолада христианликнинг йирик йўналишларидан бири бўлмиш католикнинг кибермаконга ва интернетдан фойдаланишга бўлган позицияси ўрганилди. Кўриб чиқилган манбалар, расмий баёнот ва мурожаатлар, ҳужжатлардан маълум бўлдики, Рим католик черкови биринчилардан бўлиб , интернетнинг кучи ва аҳамиятини муносиб баҳолай олган ва ўз миссиясини амалга оширишда ундан самарали фойдаланишни бошлаган. Тадқиқот давомида католик черковининг олий раҳнамолари қандай асосларга таяниб , рақамли технологиялардан диний мақсадларда фойдаланишга хайрихоҳлик билдиргани таҳлил қилинди.
Католицизм кибермаконга қачон ва қандай кўринишларда кириб келгани баён қилиниб, бугунги кунда Рим католик черкови ва ,умуман, католик веб-сайтларининг онлайн фаолиятига назарий баҳо берилди.
Kambag‘allik va qashshoqlikka qarshi kurashish: oldini olish yo‘llari, usullari va mazmun-mohiyati
Authors: Xidirov Xoshim , Obilqosimov Maxmatqobil
Published: February 2022

Maqolada kambag‘allik va qashshoqlikka qarshi kurashish, uning oldini olish yo‘llari va usullari, kambag‘allikni tugatish masalasida dunyo davlatlari va mamlakatimizda olib borilayotgan amaliy ishlar, ushbu salbiy holatning oldini olish borasida qanday ishlar amalga oshirilayotganligi xususida so‘z boradi.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Toys for Physics Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Pembelajaran Fisika di SMA
Authors: Reza Vita Nuriana , Ashari Ashari , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Published: February 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengembangan media pembelajaran Toys for Physic bertujuan untuk menghasilkan suatu media pembelajaran fisika berbasis educational games berupa Toys for Physics dan mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep fisika peserta didik kelas X SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil vallidasi media oleh ketiga validator diperoleh media pesebesar 3,25 dengan kategori baik dan rerata reabilitas semua validator sebesar 92% dengan kategori sangat reliabel, sedangkan hasil respon peserta didik terhadap media pengembangan Toys for Physics yang dikembangkan dengan skor sebesar 3,42 sehingga diperoleh persentase rerata 91% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hasil pemahaman konsep peserta didik dilihat dari nilai pretest dan posttest pada tahap penerapan diperoleh N-gain 0,65 dan termasuk dalam kategori peningkatan sedang. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran Toys for Physics yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini dikategorikan baik dan layak digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam pembelajaran Fisika serta dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep peserta didik.
EDUCAÇÃO E EMANCIPAÇÃO: UM OLHAR SOBRE AS MULHERES NEGRAS
Authors: Banhal Alberto , Nunes Nei Antonio , Pazetto Alexandre Zawak
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir sobre o tema da educação como forma de emancipar as mulheres negras. De natureza bibliográfica, traz em seu núcleo as relações entre direitos humanos, educação, gênero, raça e classe em nossa sociedade estruturadas por hierarquias sociais. É evidente que a educação para reivindicar direitos é imperativa. A educação, assim, se mostra um poderoso instrumento de emancipação e liberdade, possibilitando o acesso ao conhecimento. O objetivo é, teoricamente, aprofundar essas reflexões sobre a aquisição do direito à educação em todo o desenvolvimento da humanidade para as mulheres negras e a importância das políticas de ação afirmativa para materializar os objetivos constitucionais e a Agenda 2030 das Nações Unidas. Propõe-se pensar e repensar a situação das mulheres negras hoje, os insights e oportunidades de ascender na vida social e profissional.
Reklam İçerik Boyutlarının Feminist Reklam Değerine Yönelik Kadınlar Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: ERDOĞAN Zeynep
Published: February 2022

Reklam çalışmaları markaların ve işletmelerin hitap etmek istediği ve ulaşmak istediği kitlelere belirli mesaj ve içeriklerle etkilemeyi ve aynı zamanda rakiplerinden farklılaşmayı, akılda kalıcı faaliyetler gerçekleştirmeyi sağlamak için yaptığı stratejik pazarlama faaliyetlerinden biridir. Reklamlar geçmişten günümüze doğru incelendiğinde; içeriksel, görsel, algısal, kültürel bazda değişim gösterdiği görünmektedir. Geleneksel yapıdan modern bir yaklaşıma geçiş söz konusu olmaktadır. Bu sayede günümüz reklamlarında, geleneksel yapının kadına yönelik basma kalıp yargılardan ve olgulardan çıkarıp feminist düşünceleri ve konuları ele alan içerik çalışmalarına dönüştüğü görünmektedir. Geçmişteki reklamlarda kadının hep ev ortamında olması, çocuk bakımı, ev işlerinin sadece kadına ait bir sorumluluk olduğu gibi gösterilmesi bir reklam içeriği olarak sunulurken, başka reklam çalışmalarında, kadının bir meta olarak kullanımı, cinsel bir obje izlenimi verilmesi, kadının ideal bir vücut ölçüsüne sahip olma şeklindeki algılar kadına yönelik düşünceleri olumsuz etkilemektedir. Feminist yaklaşımın gün geçtikçe daha fazla yayılması, kadına yönelik olumsuz bu tür basmakalıp yargı ve düşüncelerden toplumu ve kişileri uzaklaştırmak için yapılan aktivist çalışmalarının desteklenmesiyle birlikte marka ve işletmeler de bu konuya yönelik eğilim göstermeye ve reklam çalışmalarında yer vermeye başlamıştır. Kadınları güçlendirme ve destekleme olarak bilinen feminist düşüncenin yapısında kadınların erkeklerle eşit haklara sahip olma hakkı, iş hayatında eşit maaş-statü hakkı, ev işlerinin ve çocuk bakımının sadece kadına ait bir sorumluluk olmadığı, kadının kendi istediği görünüme ve vücuda sahip olması düşüncesini savunan, kadınları bir obje/meta olarak algılanması şeklindeki düşünceleri yıkmak için uğraşan ve çabalayan çalışmalarda bulunmaktadır. İşte bu noktada hedef kitle tarafından markaların yapmış olduğu feminist reklam çalışmalarının (femvertising) bilgilendirici, eğlendirici ve güvenilir mi yoksa bu tür reklam çalışmaları kitleler tarafından aldatıcı ve rahatsız edici mi olarak algılandığı araştırılmaktadır. Araştırma reklam içerik boyutları olarak tanımlanan bilgilendiricilik, güvenilirlik, eğlendiricilik ve rahatsız edicilik; feminist reklam değerine yönelik kadınlar üzerindeki etkisine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın analizi 439 kadın katılımcının cevaplarından oluşmaktadır. Reklam içerik faktörlerinden bilgilendiricilik, güvenilirlik ve eğlendiricilik boyutları feminist reklam değerini olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna varılmaktadır. Ayrıca araştırmaya katılan kadınlar feminist reklamları rahatsız edici ve aldatıcı olarak bulmadığını belirtmektedirler. Bu durum feminist reklam çalışmaları yapmanın markalar için reklam değerine katkısının olumlu yönde olduğunu göstermektedir.
Conexões entre a Confederação Operária Brasileira e a Região Norte: militância e imprensa operária no Amazonas e no Pará (1906-1920)
Authors: Teles Luciano Everton Costa
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo busca-se analisar as conexões entre a Confederação Operária Brasileira (COB), considerando também os três Congressos Operários Brasileiros (1906, 1913 e 1920) e a Região Norte do país. Para isso, utilizou-se como fonte principal a imprensa operária, que teve papel primordial como instrumento mediador e de ligação entre as diversas partes do país e do mundo. Ela era animada por militantes que também circulavam por várias regiões do território nacional e que carregavam consigo um cabedal de experiências de organização e luta social. Nesse sentido, os contatos e as conexões construídas socialmente possibilitaram a constituição de um circuito pelo qual as informações sobre o processo organizativo e de luta dos trabalhadores passaram a circular, e permitiram a circulação de análises sociais e, consequentemente, modelos de organização, ação e luta. A COB e os três congressos são efeitos desse processo.
Promised Lands
Authors: Rohdie Sam
Published: February 2022

An attempt to locate cinema alongside philosophy, painting, geography and travel in terms of a history of modernism. The book focuses on a collection of geographical and ethnographic films and photographs amassed by banker Albert Kahn, in the 1900s - arguably an instance of French modernism.
The Eisenstein Reader
Authors: Eisenstein Sergei
Published: February 2022

For the first time in one volume, this book presents in concise, chronological form, Sergei Eisenstein’s most significant work, including his famous theories of montage and articles on subjects as diverse as sound, film language and Russian history. The selection ranges from early writings on his silent masterpieces The Strike, October and The Battleship Potemkin, to later works, hatched in the hostile and paranoid environment of Stalin’s Soviet Union. Drawn from the acclaimed four-volume Selected Works, this collection, which includes a new introduction and explanatory notes by Richard Taylor as well as many illustrations, further illuminates the startling originality, diversity and power of the greatest and most flamboyant of all Russian film-makers.

Legendary director Sergei Eisenstein has emerged as cinema’s most influential theorist and author of some of the most important aesthetic writings of the twentieth century.
Elizabeth Taylor
Authors: Smith Susan
Published: February 2022

Elizabeth Taylor was one of the major film stars of the twentieth century, embodying all the glamour and allure of Hollywood stardom. Yet her achievements as an actress have often been overshadowed by her beauty and tumultuous life off-screen.

To redress this imbalance, Susan Smith offers an illuminating study of Elizabeth Taylor's work in film, exploring her fascinating trajectory from child to adult star. Smith reveals the influence that Taylor's early work exerted over her later career and the ways in which her on-screen identity is profoundly rooted in her association with animals and nature. Smith carefully unpicks what made Taylor such a distinctive and dynamic on-screen performer – from the expressive use she made of her eyes to the dramatic significance of her voice – and considers the importance of certain professional collaborations that Taylor forged during her career, most notably her acting partnership with Montgomery Clift.
Meet me in St. Louis
Authors: Kaufman Gerald
Published: February 2022

In ‘Meet Me in St Louis’, one of the most popular MGM musicals, Judy Garland stars as the classic American teenager. For this book, Gerald Kaufman interviewed many of the stars. This text captures the essence of Miss Garland's performance and the machinations of the legendary MGM studios.
The Big Sleep
Authors: Thomson David
Published: February 2022

The Big Sleep: Marlowe and Vivian practising kissing; General Sternwood shivering in a hothouse full of orchids; a screenplay, co-written by Faulkner, famously mysterious and difficult to solve. Released in 1946, Howard Hawks' adaptation of Raymond Chandler reunited Bogart and Bacall and gave them two of their most famous roles. The mercurial but ever-manipulative Hawks dredged humour and happiness out of film noir. 'Give him a story about more murders than anyone can keep up with, or explain,' David Thomson writes in his compelling study of the film, 'and somehow he made a paradise.'

When it was first shown to a military audience The Big Sleep was coldly received. So, as Thomson reveals, Hawks shot extra scenes, 'fun' scenes, to replace one in which the film's murders had been explained, and in so doing left the plot unresolved. Thomson argues that, if this was accidental, it also signalled a change in the nature of Hollywood cinema: 'The Big Sleep inaugurates a post-modern, camp, satirical view of movies being about other movies that extends to the New Wave and Pulp Fiction.'
Touch of Evil
Authors: Deming Richard
Published: February 2022

Orson Welles' classic 1958 noir movie Touch of Evil, the story of a corrupt police chief in a small town on the Mexican-American border, starring Charlton Heston, Janet Leigh and Marlene Dietrich, is widely recognised as one of the greatest noir films of Classical Hollywood cinema. Richard Deming's study of the film considers it as an outstanding example of the noir genre and explores its complex relationship to its source novel, Badge of Evil by Whit Masterson. He traces the film's production history, and provides an insightful close analysis of its key scenes, including its famous opening sequence, a single take in which the camera follows a booby-trapped car on its journey through city streets and across the border.
Chemical stability of naloxone products beyond their labeled expiration dates
Authors: Hossain, PhD Mohammad F. , Rashid, PhD Mamoon , Mullins, PharmD Randy , Davis, PharmD Tiffany , Kimble, PharmD, MBA, MS, BCACP Craig , Sarkar, MS, PharmD Sushanta , Babcock, PharmD, CDE, BCACP Charles “CK”
Published: February 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical stability of previously dispensed, expired naloxone products.Setting: When properly stored, certain products maintain stable, defined as within compendia acceptability, beyond their manufacturer's expiration date. Stockpiling life-saving medications such as the opioid overdose reversing agent naloxone nasal spray (NNS) or injection (NIJ) is of utmost importance to ensure public health emergency preparedness and response.Design/interventions/methods: After each naloxone product was stored at room temperature for several months (6-19) past their labeled expiration date, the level of active therapeutic content and the presence of degradation impurity, 2,29-bisnaloxone, were evaluated via chromatographic separation with waters higher performance liquid chromatography integrated using the Waters X-Select CSHC-18. The effluent was detected at 229 nm.Main outcome measure: Active naloxone presence and the presence of degradation impurity, 2,29-bisnaloxone, were evaluated.Results: The mean potency of naloxone in both NNS and NIJ, up to 10 and 19 months post-expiration, respectively, is within the 90-110 percent United States Pharmacopeia acceptance limit (NNS: 102.8 ± 2.6 percent and NIJ: 106.0 ± 1.3 percent). No impurity was detected in any chromatogram of the expired products.Conclusion: In summary, since both NNS and NIJ were found to be chemically stable beyond 10 months of the expiration date, shelf-life extension of climate controlled, commercially available naloxone products should be further investigated as a potential cost savings measure for national strategic stockpiles, emergency medical services, hospitals, and public responders.
Power of Judicial Review: A Yardstick to keep the Tribunals within their Boundaries
Authors: Gupta Subhash Chandra , Meenakshi Meenakshi
Published: February 2022

Judicial Review is a power of the judiciary, which protects our constitutional norms and legal framework. Judicial Review ensures the legal fraternity of society. The power of Judicial review deals with the theory of check and balance. The judiciary has been using the power for maintaining law and order in society. At present tribunals are playing a supplemental role in the justice delivery system, the judicial review is important for regulating the tribunals. The research article focuses on the power of judicial review over the working of tribunals. The paper analyses how the judiciary fixes the limitations over the working of tribunals and all quasi-judicial bodies and also focuses on the fact that
judicial review is not anti of Tribunalisation it is protector of the tribunal system and judiciary playing an important role of development in tribunalisation.
A propósito del inspector general de la Policía Nacional Civil
Authors: Instituto de Derechos Humanos de la UCA
Published: February 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 50, No. 558, 1995: 391-399.
A situation analysis and knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) study of waste management and recycling at the Durban University of Technology (DUT)
Authors:   , Mdlozini George
Published: February 2022

The Durban University of Technology (DUT) signed the Taillores Declaration (TD) in an attempt to deal with environmental issues and subsequently waste management challenges. A few projects have been initiated within the institution to realise the TD ten point action plans. Currently there is limited data regarding the status quo at DUT. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted to analyse the situation with regards to waste management and recycling practices and to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of students towards waste management and recycling at DUT. An audit of the refuse receptacles was conducted and information obtained was plotted out on a map of two selected campuses. A questionnaire was used to collect data on the practices of waste management and recycling from nine departments. A total of 403 students from the Indumiso and Riverside campuses of DUT were recruited for the KAP study. The findings revealed that refuse receptacles are provided inconsistently and that there is a lack of planning around the provision of these receptacles. Departmental practices regarding waste management and recycling were found to vary from one department to the next. The KAP study results indicated that the students’ knowledge regarding waste management and recycling is poor and their attitudes and practices towards waste management and recycling may be improved by education and enforcement of policy. It is essential to develop a policy regarding waste management and recycling for DUT. In addition, a learning programme should be implemented for all new students entering DUT and during orientation.
The effect of a cooling cuff and moist ice pack on radial artery blood flow and lumen diameter
Authors:   , Gernetzky Joshua
Published: February 2022

Background: When a soft tissue injury occurs the blood vessels and surrounding tissue are damaged leading to haemorrhaging and inflammation. Cryotherapy (cold therapy) is generally acknowledged as the preferable treatment by manual therapists during this immediate post-traumatic period of an injury. Cryotherapy has been shown to result in vasoconstriction decreasing the rate of blood flow which has a favourable effect on inflammation and pain. The commercially available cooling cuff is a relatively new cryotherapy modality offering a mechanism of cooling that does not require freezing and is easy to use. The polymer granules within the cooling cuff are activated by emersion in water therefore freezing is not required making the cooling cuff readily available compared to more traditional forms of cryotherapy. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a moist ice pack and a commercially available cooling cuff radial artery blood flow (cm.s-1) and radial artery lumen diameter (mm) after 15 minutes of application. Method: This study was a pre-test post-test design utilising 43 asymptomatic participants that were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Each group either received a standard moist ice pack or a commercially available cooling cuff, placed on the ventral surface of the participants forearm, over the radial artery, for a duration of 15 minutes. Measurements were taken with a Doppler ultrasound to determine radial artery blood flow and lumen diameter, prior to the intervention and 15 minutes after the cryotherapy application. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS VERSION 20 (IBM Corp. Released 2010.IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0. Armonk, New York: IBM Corp.). Statistical significance was set at a p< 0.05 level. Intra-group and inter-group comparisons were measured using repeated measures ANOVA testing. Results: Both the moist ice pack and commercially available cooling cuff resulted in a significant decrease in radial artery blood flow (p< 0.001) after 15 minutes of application with no significant changes being observed in radial artery diameter Conclusions: The commercially available cooling cuff resulted in a similar effect on radial artery blood flow and lumen diameter as moist ice, indicating that the commercially available cooling cuff may be utilised in the acute phase of an injury to alter blood flow.
FAIR PRACTICES AS A RESPONSE TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND REPURCHASE: AN EVIDENCE FROM AFRICAN SMEs
Authors: Nassè Dr. Théophile Bindeouè
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is important for growth in companies though some companies still neglect it in the West African context. Thus, in the same way equity and ethical practices in marketing are vital for competitive companies. This research focuses on the contribution that fair practices from business to customers bring in term of companies’ performance in developing countries. Data collection is performed with a questionnaire that is given to some customers of two Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Quantitative data is processed using Sphinx IQ and SPSS. The results confirm that there is a strong relationship between equity, satisfaction, and repurchase.

Keywords: Equity, Satisfaction, Repurchase, Marketing.
Anglo-Muhammadan Law in British India: Historical-legal Aspect
Authors: Husein Kavazović
Published: February 2022

Over the course of its development, Sharia law, like other legal systems, has gone through periods of rise and stagnation. These processes were closely related to the development of society and the state, their highs and lows. Although it was based on the universal Islamic principles that represented its foundation, the building of Sharia law was built with various elements of an interpretative character from primary and secondary sources. Sharia law did not operate in isolation from other legal systems it encountered, came into contact with and co-operated with. This paper aims at pointing to the emergence of a hybrid, mixed legal system, which was created through the cooperation of two different legal systems on the territory of today’s India under the rule of the British Raj. Anglo-Muhammadan law developed on two foundations: a) on individual Shariah regulations of family and property law and b) on the principles of common law of the legal system of justice, equity and good conscience.
PEMETAAN MODEL BISNIS SUSU SAPI PERAH DI PPSP-SP, PANCORAN, JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Maulidian Maulidian , Fauzi Ahmad Rifqi , Nurul Hamdilah Sri Ratu
Published: February 2022

Peternakan Sapi Perah-Sapi Potong (PPSP-SP) merupakan usaha peternakan yang terletak di tengah pemukiman penduduk kota dan merupakan usaha keluarga turun temurun yang masih bertahan di tengah persaingan industri peternakan dan asupan produk susu segar impor yang mendominasi pasar. PPSP-SP ini memproduksi susu sapi setiap hari dengan tingkat produksi yang masih rendah dikarenakan kurangnya jumlah sapi betina dan pengelolaan yang masih menggunakan cara manual dan tidak menggunakan alat produksi yang modern. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memetakan model bisnis susu sapi perah PPSP-SP, Pancoran, Jakarta Selatan. Metode analisis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Business Model Canvas (BMC) dengan 9 blok elemen. Hasil dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi model bisnis awal yang di terapkan di Persatuan Peternakan Sapi Perah-Sapi Potong (PPSP-SP) Pancoran berdasarkan sembilan blok utama dalam Business Model Canvas (BMC) diantaranya adalah Customer Segments, Value Propositions, Customer Relationship, Channels, Key Resources, Key Activities, Key Partnerships, Cost dan Revenue Streams. Pada blok Customer Relationship, kelompok peternak PPSP-SP menggunakan strategi pemberian diskon dan produk gratis kepada penduduk sekitar peternakan untuk keberlangsungan usaha tanpa adanya gesekan dan konflik sosial.
Is Fat Deposition of Renal Sinus a Concomitant Finding to Fatty Liver Disease? The First Study Regarding the Relationship Between Kidney and Liver Fat Content with Non-Contrast Computed Tomography
Authors: Doğan Emrah , Bacaksızlar Sarı Ferda
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION

It has been established that abnormal fat deposits are associated with fat deposition in other abdominal regions and linked to obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, vascular and metabolic diseases. This study aimed to determine whether there was a relationship between fat deposition of the renal (i.e., kidney) sinus (FRS) and fatty liver disease (FLD) in a sample of adults. The authors hypothesized that FRS could be a diagnostic finding associated with Hepatosteatosis (HS) in a sample of younger patients. This study was the first apparent investigation of this possible phenomenon.

METHODS

A convenience sample of 92 adult patients of which 19 (20.7%) were females and 73 (79.3%) were males, and with a mean age of 30.19 (SD = 6.00) were included. The authors calculated Hounsfield Units (HU) (i.e., relative quantitative measurement of radio density) of patients’ livers and spleens on non-contrast computed tomography (CT). Liver and spleen differences < 10 HU were considered steatosis (FLD). The authors stratified sample patients into two analytic subgroups according to the presence of FLD or not and compared them based on their FRS widths.

RESULTS

In the FLD subgroup (N = 48), the difference of HU values between liver and spleen was -5.19 (SD = 11.32), with a range of -38 - 8 HU, while, in the non-steatosis subgroup (N = 44), the mean difference was 16.36 (SD = 3.90), range of 11 - 26 HU. The average diameter of FRS width was 12.5 mm in those patients with steatosis (FLD subgroup) although 9.3 mm in non-FLD patients. (p = 0.02)

CONCLUSIONS

Based on these results, FRS may be able to be used by radiologists as an ancillary method in the detection of hepatic steatosis in younger adults. The effectiveness of premedical processes (e.g., exercise and diet modification) can also be increased by non-radiologists after detection of lower-grade HS.
Calculating the vertical column density of O4 during daytime from surface values of pressure, temperature, and relative humidity
Authors: Beirle Steffen , Borger Christian , Dörner Steffen , Kumar Vinod , Wagner Thomas
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We present a formalism that relates the vertical column density (VCD) of the oxygen collision complex O2–O2 (denoted as O4 below) to surface (2 m) values of temperature and pressure, based on physical laws.
In addition, we propose an empirical modification which also accounts for surface relative humidity (RH).
This allows for simple and quick calculation of the O4 VCD without the need for constructing full vertical profiles.
The parameterization reproduces the true O4 VCD, as derived from vertically integrated profiles, within -0.7±1.2% (mean ± SD) for Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulations around Germany, 0.2±1.8 % for global reanalysis data (ERA5), and -0.3±1.4% for Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) radiosonde measurements around the world. When applied to measured surface values, uncertainties of 1 K, 1 hPa, and 16 % for temperature, pressure, and RH correspond to relative uncertainties of the O4 VCD of 0.3 %, 0.2 %, and 1 %, respectively. The proposed parameterization thus provides a simple and accurate formula for the calculation of the O4 VCD which is expected to be useful in particular for MAX-DOAS applications.
First phytoplankton community assessment of the Kong Håkon VII Hav, Southern Ocean during austral autumn
Authors: Kauko Hanna Maria , Assmy Philipp , Peeken Ilka , Róźańska Magdalena , Wiktor Józef M. , Bratbak Gunnar , Singh Asmita , Ryan-Keogh Thomas J. , Moreau Sebastien
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We studied phyto- and protozooplankton community composition based on light microscopy, flow cytometry and photosynthetic pigment data in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during March 2019 (early austral autumn). Sampling was focused on the area east of the prime meridian in the Kong Håkon VII Hav, including Astrid Ridge, Maud Rise and a south-north transect at 6° E. Phytoplankton community composition throughout the studied area was characterized by oceanic diatoms typical of the iron-deplete High-Nutrient Low-Chlorophyll (HNLC) Southern Ocean. Topography and wind-driven iron supply likely sustained blooms dominated by the centric diatom Chaetoceros dichaeta at Maud Rise and at a station north of the 6° E transect. For the remainder of the 6° E transect diatom composition was similar to the previously mentioned bloom stations but flagellates dominated in abundance suggesting a post-bloom situation and likely top-down control by krill on the bloom-forming diatoms. Among flagellates, species with haptophyte-type pigments were the dominating group. At Astrid Ridge, overall abundances were lower and pennate were more numerous than centric diatoms, but the community composition was nevertheless typical for HNLC areas. The observations described here show that C. dichaeta can form blooms beyond the background biomass level and fuels both carbon export and upper trophic levels also within HNLC areas. This study is the first thorough assessment of phytoplankton communities in this region and can be compared to other seasons in future studies.
Improved Advection, Resolution, Performance, and Community Access in the New Generation (Version 13) of the High Performance GEOS-Chem Global Atmospheric Chemistry Model (GCHP)
Authors: Martin Randall V. , Eastham Sebastian D. , Bindle Liam , Lundgren Elizabeth W. , Clune Thomas L. , Keller Christoph A. , Downs William , Zhang Dandan , Lucchesi Robert A. , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Yantosca Robert M. , Li Yanshun , Estrada Lucas , Putman William M. , Auer Benjamin M. , Trayanov Atanas L. , Pawson Steven , Jacob Daniel J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We describe a new generation of the high-performance GEOS-Chem (GCHP) global model of atmospheric composition developed as part of the GEOS-Chem version 13 series. GEOS-Chem is an open-source grid-independent model that can be used online within a meteorological simulation or off-line using archived meteorological data. GCHP is an offline implementation of GEOS-Chem driven by NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) meteorological data for massively parallel simulations. Version 13 offers transformational advances in GCHP for ease of use, computational performance, versatility, resolution, and accuracy. Specific improvements include (a) stretched-grid capability for higher resolution in user-selected regions, (b) easier build with a build system generator (CMake) and a package manager (Spack), (c) software containers to enable immediate model download and configuration on local computing clusters, (d) better parallelization to enable simulation on thousands of cores, (e) multi-node cloud capability, and (f) more accurate transport with new native cubed-sphere GEOS meteorological archives including air mass fluxes at hourly temporal resolution with spatial resolution up to C720 (~12 km). The C720 data are now part of the operational GEOS Forward Processing (GEOS-FP) output stream, and a C180 (~50 km) consistent archive for 1998–present is now being generated as part of a new GEOS-IT data stream. Both of these data streams are continuously being archived by the GEOS-Chem Support Team for access by GCHP users. Directly using horizontal air mass fluxes rather than inferring from wind data significantly reduces global mean error in calculated surface pressure and vertical advection.
Future water temperature of rivers in Switzerland under climate change investigated with physics-based models
Authors: Michel Adrien , Schaefli Bettina , Wever Nander , Zekollari Harry , Lehning Michael , Huwald Hendrik
Published: February 2022

Abstract. River ecosystems are highly sensitive to climate change and projected future increase in air temperature is expected to increase the stress for these ecosystems. Rivers are also an important socio-economic factor impacting, amongst others, agriculture, tourism, electricity production, and drinking water supply and quality. In addition to changes in water availability, climate change will impact river temperature. This study presents a detailed analysis of river temperature and discharge evolution over the 21st century in Switzerland. In total, 12 catchments are studied, situated both on the lowland Swiss Plateau and in the Alpine regions. The impact of climate change is assessed using a chain of physics-based models forced with the most recent climate change scenarios for Switzerland including low-, mid-, and high-emission pathways. The suitability of such models is discussed in detail and recommendations for future improvements are provided. The model chain is shown to provide robust results, while remaining limitations are identified. These are mechanisms missing in the model to correctly simulate water temperature in Alpine catchments during the summer season. A clear warming of river water is modelled during the 21st century. At the end of the century (2080–2090), the median annual river temperature increase ranges between +0.9 ∘C for low-emission and +3.5 ∘C for high-emission scenarios for both lowland and Alpine catchments. At the seasonal scale, the warming on the lowland and in the Alpine regions exhibits different patterns. For the lowland the summer warming is stronger than the one in winter but is still moderate. In Alpine catchments, only a very limited warming is expected in winter. The period of maximum discharge in Alpine catchments, currently occurring during mid-summer, will shift to earlier in the year by a few weeks (low emission) or almost 2 months (high emission) by the end of the century. In addition, a noticeable soil warming is expected in Alpine regions due to glacier and snow cover decrease. All results of this study are provided with the corresponding source code used for this paper.
Time-dependent Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis for Western Sumatra, Indonesia, Using Space-Time Earthquake Rupture Modelling and Stochastic Source Scenarios
Authors: Muhammad Ario , Goda Katsuichiro , Werner Maximilian J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We develop a novel framework of time-dependent probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis (PTHA) and apply it to Western Sumatra, Indonesia, where future tsunamigenic events are anticipated in the Mentawai region of the Sunda subduction zone. An earthquake rupture model taking into account the spatiotemporal interaction of major megathrust segments is used to simulate future tsunamigenic earthquakes. The earthquake rupture process of the segments is characterized by a multivariate Bernoulli model with interarrival times following a Brownian passage‐time distribution and the dependency between segments specified by a spatial correlation function. We calibrate this model with historical ruptures of the Mentawai thrust in the last 450 years. A total of ≥ 100,000 time-dependent earthquake rupture cases are then coupled with a stochastic tsunami simulation method to evaluate tsunami hazards. We generate a total of 6,300 stochastic tsunami source models from six magnitude scenarios between M 7.75 and M 9.0 and obtain time-dependent PTHA results for seven different periods (1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 450 years). We further compare the time-dependent PTHA results with a time-independent PTHA approach to investigate the influence of the spatiotemporal earthquake rupture model. The space-time interaction model successfully generates annual seismic moment rates consistent with the observations. Moreover, the model can capture the uncertainty of future time-dependent tsunami hazards. On the other hand, the time-independent approach produces slightly higher hazard estimates than the time-dependent model for long-term hazard assessments (> 450 years).
THE STATE, DYNAMICS, STRUCTURE OF ORGANIZED CRIME IN RUSSIA AND IN ST. PETERSBURG IN THE PERIOD FROM JANUARY TO SEPTEMBER 2021; METHODS OF COUNTERACTION
Authors: Porechny Egor M.
Published: February 2022

Analysis of statistical data allows us to conclude that the number of crimes committed by organized criminal groups and organized criminal communities is increasing every year. One of the largest centers of organized crime is St. Petersburg. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the author defines the main directions and methods of countering organized
EFFECT OF DIALOGIC TEACHING ON ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Toleugalieva Danagul
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to investigate the influence of dialogic teaching on the development of the learners’ speaking skills. It is questioning why Kazakh students are unable to express themselves efficiently and comfortably. This seems crucial and imperative for students and it shouldn’t shape any obstacle for future development. Accordingly, this paper poses a significant issue that every learner of English needs to ponder. To collect data for the study, three tools has been used; a questionnaire, an interview and an observation. The questionnaire was distributed throughout the students who had been selected from different universities. The collected data is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Data analysis has shown that dialogic teaching enables students to develop the skills of argumentation, questioning and debate which contribute to the development of their speaking skills. Generally, the findings indicate that authentic dialogic teaching components are effective if students are given enough time to practice its skills.
Jenis Produk Olahan Perikanan Unggulan di Kota Ternate
Authors: Ambar M. Fatah Hi. , Tangke Umar , S. Titaheluw Syahnul , Bafagih Aisyah
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 1 bulan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan produk olahan hasil perikanan unggulan di Kota Ternate. Metode dan prosedur pengambilan data yang dilakukan adalah survey, observasi lapangan dan wawancara yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode skoring. Hasil penilitian didapat bahwa produk serundeng tuna merupakan produk olahan perikanan yang lebih unggul pertama di kota ternate berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan metode Bayes dengan kriteria nilai A₁ = 2 (stok terbatas dan ada produk saingan), A₂ = 2 (bahan baku tersedia dan harga bahan baku tinggi), A₃ = 2 (bahan baku tambahan stabil dengan harga murah), A₄ = 2 (tenaga kerja banyak, kurang membutuhkan skill dan upah rendah), A₅ = 2 (Mudah dalam pengolahan, penyimpanan dan distribusi), A₆ = 2 (Tidak memerlukan teknologi khusus), A₇ =2 (harga mahal), A₈ = 2 (ada nilai tambah dan keuntungan), A₉ = 1 (menghasilkan limbah yang banyak) dengan nilai gabung (NG) 1.90 kemudian produk unggulan kedua yaitu Abon Ikan Tuna dengan kriteria nilai A₁=2 (stok terbatas dan ada produk saingan), A₂=2 (bahan baku tersedia dan harga bahan baku tinggi), A₃=1 (bahan baku tambahan mahal dan ketersediaannya kontinu), A₄=2 (tenaga kerja banyak, kurang membutuhkan skill dan upah rendah), A₃=2 (Mudah dalam pengolahan, penyimpanan dan distribusi), A₆=2 (Tidak memerlukan teknologi khusus), A₇ =2 (harga mahal), A₈ = 2 (ada nilai tambah dan keuntungan), A₉ = 1 (menghasilkan limbah yang banyak) dengan nilai gabung (NG) 1.80.
Hubungan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi dengan Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Dasar di SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate Tahun 2019
Authors: Djamaluddin Indriana , Andiani Andiani , Surasno Diah Merdekawati
Published: February 2022

Berdasarkan catatan Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) overweight dan obesitas merupakan faktor risiko penyebab kematian nomor lima. Sedikitnya 2,8 juta penduduk meninggal per tahun akibat dari overweight dan obesitas. Ada 42 juta anak mengalami obesitas dan 35 juta diantaranya berasal dari Negara-negara berkembang. Di seluruh dunia prevalensi obesitas anak meningkat dari 4,2% pada tahun 1990 menjadi 6,7% pada tahun 2010. Di Indonesia orang yang mengalami berat badan (overweight) mencapai 21,7% dan terus meningkat setiap tahunya (WHO, 2011). Trend ini diperkirakan akan mencapai 9,1% atau 60 juta, pada tahun 2020 (Devi,2011). Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan energy dan protein, kebiasaan sarapan, frekuensi makanan jajan, dan jumlah uang jajan dengan status gizi siswa SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian obsevasi analitik, dengan desain cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate dengan jumlah sampel 81 responden (Total Sampling). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel yang diteliti tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan Energi (p= 0,695) dan hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan protein (p= 0,767) untuk variabel frekuensi makanan jajan (p= 1,000) kebiasaan sarapan (p= 1,000), dan uang jajan (p= 1,000) dengan status gizi anak sekolah dasar SD Negeri 48 Kota Ternate Tahun 2019. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka disarankan kepada orang tua siswa untuk memberikan peningkatkan pengetahuan tentang gizi terutama tentang memilih jajanan serta mempraktekanya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar menjadi perilaku yang dapat ditiru oleh anak.