bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Pay Reform on the Organizational Performance (A Case Study: Implementation of Remuneration at Universitas Padjadjaran)
Authors: Irawati Ira , Runiawati Nunung , Kudus Imanudin
Published: February 2019

Unpad needs a new payment system as the demand in improving the performance and legality of compensation payment based on the level of responsibility and the needed demand of professionalism. By proposing the principle of pay for performance, since 2015 Unpad has conducted pay reform known as remuneration. Meanwhile, the purpose of remuneration system at Unpad is to obtain human resources with the appropriate qualification so that it makes sure that they work professionally, retains good and high achieving employees, motivates employees to work productively, gives rewards to employees based on their performance and work achievements, and controls the employee cost. This paper would explain how pay reform affects the performance of Unpad, particularly in achieving tridharma perguruan tinggi (the three obligations of universities). The research method applied was the qualitative with collection data techniques of participatory observation, interviews, and literatur review. The research result showed that the implementation of pay reform which has been conducted by Unpad since 2015 has a significant impact on the improvement of organizational performance, especially tridharma perguruan tinggi (the three obligations of universities). It is because besides the principle of pay for performance, the implementation of remuneration also refers to the principle of pay for position and pay for people.
Business terms enrichment by using own flash card
Authors: Irmawati I , Cubalit Andy
Published: February 2019

Vocabulary is the foundation of the language. It is used to communicate for both oral and written communication. Business terms are used to communicate in the business world activities. It may relate to economic, accounting, banking, tourism, hotel, and others business field. This paper focused on the use of flash cards in enriching the students’ business terms mastery based on the writers’ experience. There are some activities may occur in the classroom by using flashcards. It is classified as memory activity, drilling activity, identification, and Total Physical Response (TPR) activity. They are an abundant approach to present, practice and recycle vocabulary.
ON DIGITAL H-GROUPS
Authors: DEMİRALP Sibel , HAMOUDA Essam
Published: February 2019

In this paper, specific properties of digital H-spaces and digital H-groups are studied. It is shown that there is a contravariant functor from the homotopy category of the pointed digital images to the category of groups and homomorphisms. Then it is proven that a pointed digital image having the same digital homotopy type as a digital H-group is itself a digital H-group.
Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Chen Yajing , Wu Tingting , Li Heng , Li Xuan , Li Qing , Zhu Xiaoying , Yu Mei , Kuo Sheng-Han , Huang Fang , Wu Yun-Cheng
Published: February 2019

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Therefore, the regulation of microglial activation probably has the therapeutic potential. This study is aimed to determine whether NBP could suppress microglial activation and protect dopaminergic neurons from excessive neuroinflammation. In the present study, MPTP-induced PD model was established to explore the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of NBP. We assessed motor deficits, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and microglial activation in PD mice. In vitro, the anti-inflammatory activity of NBP was confirmed by cell viability assay of SH-SY5Y cells after being treated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and from 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-stimulated BV-2 cells. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules was determined by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA assay. The generation of NO and ROS were also assessed. The involvement of signaling pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3k/Akt were further investigated by Western Blot and immunofluorescence assay. The neuroprotective effect of NBP was demonstrated in vivo as shown by the improvement of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, motor deficits and microglial activation in MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators was also reduced by NBP administration. In vitro, NBP also protected dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxicity induced by activated microglia. NBP pretreatment not only reduced pro-inflammatory molecules, but also suppressed NO release and ROS generation in BV-2 cells. Further mechanism research suggested that the inactivation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt may involve in anti-neuroinflammation role of NBP. In conclusion, our results revealed that NBP exerted dopaminergic neuroprotection through inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising therapeutic effect of NBP for PD.
Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides
Authors: Shi Guochao , Wang Mingli , Zhu Yanying , Wang Yuhong , Yan Xiaoya , Sun Xin , Xu Haijun , Ma Wanli
Published: February 2019

In this work, we report a biomimetic synthesis route of 3D Ag nanofilm/glasswing butterfly wing hybrids (Ag-G.b.) by magnetron sputtering technology. The 3D surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate is fabricated from an original chitin-based nanostructure, which serves as a bio-scaffold for Ag nanofilms to be coated on. The novel crisscrossing plate-like nanostructures of 3D Ag-G.b. nanohybrids with thick Ag nanofilms provide a substantial contribution to SERS enhancement. Measuring the SERS performance with crystal violet (CV), the Ag-G.b. nanohybrids with the sputtering time of 20 min (Ag-G.b.-20) shows the highest enhancement performance with an enhancement factor (EF) of up to 2.96 × 107. The limit of detection (LOD) for CV was as low as 10−11 M, demonstrating the ultrahigh sensitivity of the Ag-G.b.-20 substrate. In addition, the Ag-G.b.-20 substrate has an outstanding reproducibility across the entire area with the maximum value of relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 10.78%. The nanohybrids also exhibit a long-term stability regarding Raman enhancement, as suggested by a duration stability test over a period of 60 days. Importantly, the high-performance Ag-G.b.-20 substrate is further applied as an ultra-sensitive SERS platform for the trace detection of acephate, showing its great potential application in biochemical sensing and food security.
Synthesis of the polyketide section of seragamide A and related cyclodepsipeptides via Negishi cross coupling
Authors: Lang Jan Hendrik , Lindel Thomas
Published: February 2019

The synthesis of the polyketide section present in the potently cytotoxic marine cyclodepsipeptide jasplakinolide and related natural products, geodiamolides and seragamides, is reported. The key step is a Negishi cross coupling of (R)-(3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl)zinc(II) bromide and an (E)-iodoalkene that was synthesized via an aluminium ester enolate attack at (R)-propylene oxide. The overall synthesis comprises nine steps with an overall yield of 21%. It proved to be possible to liberate the free 8-hydroxynonenoic acid and to couple it with a protected tripeptide composed of L-alanine, N,O-dimethyl-D-iodotyrosine, and TIPS-protected L-threonine, which occurs as partial structure of seragamide A. The tripeptide section of seragamide A was assembled by solution-phase synthesis and an open-chain analogue of the natural product was obtained.
THE EFFECT OF LIQUID GLASS ON THE DEFORMATION OF REFRACTORY BINDER/SKYSTOJO STIKLO ĮTAKA KAITRAI ATSPARAUS RIŠIKLIO DEFORMACIJOMS
Authors: Antonovič Valentin , Goberis Stasys
Published: February 2019

The structure formation of a refractory binder of liquid glass, ferrochrome slag and dispersed chamotte has been studied. It has been found that there is a close relationship between the density of liquid glass used and sharp expansion of binder at the temperature of 500–600 °C: the lower the density, the lower the expansion of the material. To find the reason for this deformation of a binder, the specimens of dried out liquid glass (sodium hydro silicates) heating tests (Fig 1) and the specimens of dried out mixtures of liquid glass and some inert refractory materials (Table 2) dilatometric tests (Fig 2) have also been made. This investigation showed that sodium hydro silicates films bloated during heating.

In order to determine structural changes under high temperature, X-rays investigation of refractory binder was made (Fig 5). This investigation showed that the reaction at the solid phase starts at the temperature over 600 °C and had no effect on the deformation of binder at 500–600 °C.

It has been shown that the deformations occurring at 500–600 °C are caused by bloating of sodium hydro silicates (non-reacted liquid glass during hardening) films of the binder.
THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL HUMIDITY UPON THE INDEX OF THE COMPRESSION OF LIMNOGLACIAL CLAY/NATŪRALIOJO DRĖGNIO ĮTAKA LIMNOGLACIALINIO MOLIO KOMPRESIJOS KOEFICIENTUI
Authors: Alikonis Antanas
Published: February 2019

The coefficients of soil porosity and compressibility are not the only indices showing links between loading and squeezability. The index of compressibility is sometimes inconvenient for practical use. The graph of soil compressibility in the system of semi-logarithmic co-ordinations is a straight line, that's why the index of compressibility which is determined by it is a constant quantity and can be applied for a big interval of loading. The index of compressibility is very often defined as the interval the beginning of which is relictic pressure and is used to calculate the deformations of the soil layer when the loadings are bigger [2, 3].

The index of compressibility is different not only for different types of soil but for the same type of soil too, depending on the indices of its condition, its mineral composition and the peculiarities of its formation.

The author of this article has investigated the influence of natural and fluid humidity upon the compression coefficient of Lithuanian limnoglacial clays. The natural soil humidity was defined according to the standard method as the ratio of water mass which is in soil and the mass of solid particles.

Lithuanian limnoglacial clay from Jūros-Šešupės, Kauno-Kaišiadorių, Mūšos and Dysnos main basins was used for investigations. The plasticity index of solid soils was bigger than 17, water saturation level was 0.8–1. Hydro-mica (average 65–75%) and kaolin (average 10–20%) composed the mineral structure of limnoglacial clay.

The index of compressibility was calculated by working up the results of investigations. Most often the calculable interval was between the tensions σ=0.2Mpa and σ=0.4 Mpa. The calculated index of compressibility Cc is connected with the natural humidity W of that soil. The values of coefficient k were calculated according to humidity and the compressibility index. A formula to calculate the index of compressibility was obtained.

The values of natural humidity W of solid soil varied from 10 up to 39%, the values of the calculated index of compressibility Cc from 0.13 up to 0.24, and the values of coefficient k varied from 0.0033 up to 0.0066.
THE EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE OF BUILDING ENCLOSURES AS FUNCTION OF CALCULATED CLIMATIC PARAMETERS/PASTATŲ ATITVARINIŲ KONSTRUKCIJŲ NUOSTOVIOJO DRĖGNIO PRIKLAUSOMYBĖ NUO SKAIČIUOJAMŲJŲ KLIMATO PARAMETRŲ
Authors: Gnip Ivan , Keršulis Vladislovas , Vėjelis Sigitas
Published: February 2019

The climatic parameters influence the equilibrium moisture of building enclosures and their thermal insulating layers. This investigation seeks to find a quantitative correlation between these influence values.

The enclosure equilibrium moisture content W 0 was expressed as the sum of two components: sorption moisture W s and thermal condensation moisture W t (formula 1). The coefficient η was introduced as the maintenance moist state criterion (formula 3), which depends on climatic conditions. It has been used for in-situ investigations of different enclosures (Fig 1) of dwelling houses as well as for damp and wet premises data [4–15]. The results (Fig 2, 3) show the dependence of equilibrium moisture on η. This dependence has been expressed by (4), where W t 0 is W t component due to thermal condensation when η=0. W t 0 is equal to 12,3% (vol) for ceramic and sand-lime, brick masonry as well as for porous concrete, expanded clay aggregate, slag fillings and is equal to 0,028% (vol) for rock wool products in traditional enclosures (Fig 1).

The parameter α (7) was introduced for estimating cold season climate influence after mathematical statistical treatment of long-term climatic data [19]. It has been found (Table 1) that a may be adopted to be equal to 0,2 when the equilibrium moisture component due to thermal condensation has been calculated for Lithuanian climatic conditions.

The possible equilibrium moisture of various building materials for enclosures has been evaluated by the proposed method and is given in Table 2. The data do not apply to expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam and cellulose fibre because in-situ investigation data are absent for enclosures with these insulating materials. Table 2 shows that there are several distinctions in given values and corresponding values introduced in abrogated normative documents [25, 26] as well as corresponding corrections Δλw in valid documents [27] stipulated by additional moisture content of materials in enclosures.

The correction value Δλw must be defined more precisely when thermal conductivity design values are calculated for enclosures with porous concrete or expanded clay aggregates.
MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING APPLICATIONS PECULIARITIES IN SHAKEDOWN PROBLEM/MATEMATINIO PROGRAMAVIMO TAIKYMO KONSTRUKCIJŲ PRISITAIKYMO UŽDAVINIUOSE YPATUMAI
Authors: Chraptovič Ela , Atkočiūnas Juozas
Published: February 2019

The theory of mathematical programming widely spread as a method of a solution of extreme problems. It accompanies the study of plastic theory problem from its posing up to final solution. However, here again from our point of view not all possibilities are realized.

Unfortunately, the use of mathematical programming as an instrument of a numerical solution for structural analysis frequently is also restricted by that. The possibilities of mechanical interpretation of optimality criteria of applied algorithms are not uncovered.

The global solution of the problem of mathematical programming exists, if Kuhn-Tucker conditions are satisfied. These conditions do not depend on the applied algorithm of a problem solution. The identity of Kuhn-Tucker conditions with a optimality criteria of Rosen algorithm is finding out in this research. The role of a design matrix for the creating of strain compatibility equations is clarified. The Kuhn-Tucker conditions mean the residual strain compatibility equations in analysis of elastic-plastic systems. It is proved in the article that for problems of limiting equilibrium the Kuhn-Tucker conditions include the dependences of the associated law of plastic flow. The Kuhn-Tucker conditions together with limitations of a source problem of account represent a complete set of dependences of the theory of shakedown. The correct mathematical and mechanical interpretation of the Kuhn-Tucker conditions allows to refuse a direct solution of a dual problem of mathematical programming. It makes easier the solution of optimization problems of structures at shakedown.
VALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES IN NO DEFINITE CIRCUMSTANCES/ALTERNATYVŲ VERTINIMAS NEAPIBRĖŽTUMO SĄLYGOMIS
Authors: Gaučas Paulius , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras
Published: February 2019

Task of decisions-making in constructing industry becomes more difficult because of rapid technical growth. According to aims, circumstances and opportunity decisions are determined. Disagreement situation arises at this point. Apprising opportunities and influence of circumstances of aims, they are often contradicting each other. In decisions-making practice, many possible results of accepted decisions must be valued. Selecting operations from a lot of alternatives this valuation lead to several criteria employment. In other words, decision must be optimized not with one, but with several objective functions. Expression “trying to reach maximum effect with minimum expense” that often occurs, means making decision by two criteria. But brought up aims often contradict each other. This mean that disagreement situation arises, which is understandable as indefinite [2, 4]. To solve the problem the fuzzy sets theory can be used und a new model can be made. Trying to estimate the aims of conflicts, the circumstances that influence the decision are divided into two groups. The first group—circumstances of inherent influence—defines what a decision-maker must attain (for example, to maximize quality). The second group—circumstances of outward influence—defines what a decision-maker must estimate as a limitation (for example, to minimize price). Dependence between inherent and outward circumstances in this step is formed.

There are no clear limit in fuzzy sets theory between dependence (circumstance 1) and independence (circumstance 0) of elements to definite set. Dependence degree of element X to A set, is described by μA(x) function (1), (2).

The valuation in fuzzy sets theory takes place in three levels. In first level meanings of dependence for inherent circumstances is calculated (1), (2), and matrix is determined (Table 4). According to formula (4) dependence degree of each alternative is calculated. In the second level meanings of dependence for outward circumstances are calculated according the formula (1), (2) and the matrix is filled in (Table 5).

In third level, the results of first two levels are summed. Using operator of minimum general matrix of decision-making is determined (Table 6). Minimax principle makes the decision, and max value is selected from the minimal values.

The received result is optimum, because it is to satisfy aim apprizing the conflict. [7] In the paper presented example of possible versions valuation of motorbuses and trucks under construction service in Vilnius district.

This method may be used to make decisions, when the task is of conflict character. Competently distributing circumstances of influence or parameters of valuation by two aspects (inherent and outward) the means of conflict character can be explained and interpretation using described method can be made.
INVESTIGATION OF DAMPNESS DAMAGE IN THE HOUSE OF THE LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE SIGNATORIES/LIETUVOS NEPRIKLAUSOMYBĖS SIGNATARŲ NAMŲ GEDIMŲ, SUSIJUSIŲ SU DRĖGME, NATŪRINIAI TYRIMAI
Authors: Ignatavičius Česlovas
Published: February 2019

After the reconstruction of the House of the Lithuanian Independence Signatories the microclimate of its basement is damp, mycelium microorganisms, salt efflorescence occur on the enclosure wall surfaces, efflorescence and bubbles form on the facing of the walls and ceiling and an unpleasant smell appears in the building. Full-scale tests performed show that the protection of the basement exterior walls from damp is insufficient. On one spot of the outside ground the drained storm water penetrated through the basement exterior walls and streamed into the building after three hours from the beginning of the storm-water drainage. No water streams inside the building were observed at an other two storm-water drainage spots but the plaster humidity in the basement exterior walls inside the building was increased after the storm- water drainage on the outside ground. This dampness favoured the efflorescence of various salts on the facing of the basement walls and other building structures.

Testing the basement air humidity showed that the relative air humidity in the middle of the basement space was 75.4–85.2%. It exceeds the maximum normative relative air humidity of 60%. The relative air humidity near the surfaces of the walls and floor was 95.3–100%. It exceeds the maximum normative relative air humidity of 80%. Such a high relative air humidity favoured the development of various mycelium microorganisms.

Temperature analyses of the basement space showed that its air temperature differed from that of the wall and floor surfaces by up to 5.2°C and by up to 5.3°C, respectively. These temperature differencies exceed the maximum normative temperature difference of up to 2°C and up to 3°C for wall and floor surfaces, respectively. Such significant temperature differencies cause a great thermal discomfort.

On the basis of the investigation results presented, it can be stated that the basement in the House of the Lithuanian Independence Signatories is unsuitable for a public building.
ANALYZING SOCIAL COHESION IN OPEN SPACES OF MULTIETHNIC POOR NEIGHBORHOODS: A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY
Authors: Salimi Marziyeh , Foroutan Manouchehr , Naghdi Asadollah
Published: February 2019

During the past two decades, economic crises and climate change have triggered mass migrations from rural areas to big cities and metropolises. Considering that the destination cities often lack the required capacity to systematically accommodate these newcomers, immigrants settle in unofficially on city margins. Since these immigrants have different ethnicities, the informal settlements constructed by them turn into multiethnic informal Settlements in which development of proper social ties becomes impeded. As a result, social cohesion is weakened and eventually ceases to exist among the residents in open community spaces. In this regard, the present study aims to analyze this process and the effects of multiethnicity on social cohesion in the open community spaces of poor urban areas and the role of environmental factors in this mechanism. The Hesar Imam Khomeini neighborhood, which is located in Hamadan Province and has a rural core, has given shelter to Lurish, Kurdish, Turkish and Persian-speaking immigrants during recent years, which makes it a suitable sample for study. Because of the existing limitations and in order to achieve the goal of the study, the grounded theory was used to conduct the research. In-depth interview was carried out on sixteen residents of the neighborhood, four individuals from each ethnicity. After coding the interviews using the theory, a grounded model of the study was formed. The results indicate that multiethnicity has negatively affected behavior settings, vibrancy and consequently social cohesion in the open community spaces of the area of study through the three factors of “different expectations from neighborhood space”, “different time of attendance in open spaces” and “different residence size”. It can be proposed that “creating spatial shared values” is one of the most effective strategies which can be used for narrowing gaps and increasing social cohesion in multiethnic neighborhoods.
An Easy Algorithm to Generate Colored Noise Sequences
Authors: Xu Chang
Published: February 2019

The need for accurate and efficient simulation of the noise background arises in statistical significance tests for periodic signals buried in colored noise. This paper discusses techniques for generating colored-noise sequences which simulate processes with a given spectral density. Matlab routines based on the fast fractional difference algorithm are presented. These routines can create various stochastic models (e.g., first-order autoregressive (AR(1)), power law (PL), autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average ((1, d, 0)), and generalized Gauss Markov (GGM)) that serve as possible candidate null hypotheses to test against in various scenarios. Allan variance and power spectral density (PSD) show that our algorithms are accurate and efficient, and can be easily implemented for stationary noise models and non-stationary PLs with spectral indices up to 2. Our algorithms can also be extended to produce a non-stationary PL with a range-limited steeper PSD (spectral indices up to about 4) using a GGM approximation with a proper break frequency. The red-noise leakage effect on the periodogram is further discussed. The result shows that our GGM approximation has a potential for alleviating the red-noise leakage in the PSD estimates. The Timmer & Koenig procedure is also included for comparison.
Stellar Parameters for Pulsating B-star Candidates in the Kepler Field
Authors: Hanes Richard J. , Waskie Steven , Labadie-Bartz Jonathan M. , Wall Audrey , Boyer Amber , McSwain M. Virginia
Published: February 2019

The field of asteroseismology has enjoyed a large swath of data coming from recent missions (e.g., CoRoT, Kepler, K2). This wealth of new data has allowed the field to expand beyond the previous limitation of a few extremely bright and evolved stars. Asteroseismology relies on accurate surface measurements for boundary conditions, but the predicted physical parameters in the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) are unreliable for hot stars. We present stellar parameters of 25 candidate pulsating B-star candidates in the Kepler field. We use blue optical spectra to measure the projected rotational velocity (

), effective temperature (T
eff), and surface gravity (

) using TLUSTY and Kurucz ATLAS9 model atmospheres. We find a large discrepancy between our spectroscopically derived parameters and those derived from photometry in the KIC and Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). Using spectral energy distributions, we also measure the radii of these stars and later calculate the luminosities and masses. We find the extinctions (A

V
) of these stars to be consistent with zero, which is expected for stars of high Galactic latitude.
Multiple Magnetic Reconnections Driven by a Large-scale Magnetic Flux Rope
Authors: Zhou G. P. , Tan C. M. , Su Y. N. , Shen C. L. , Tan B. L. , Jin C. L. , Wang J. X.
Published: February 2019

Magnetic flux ropes (MFRs), as the most probable core structure of solar eruptive activity, remain mysterious on their origination, magnetic environment, and erupting mechanisms. Here, we newly identify a large-scale hot channel MFR, named “MFR3”, that connects an anti-Hale active region (AR) 11429 and a normal AR 11430 on 2012 March 7 based on multi-wavelength observations. An oscillation is first detected at the top of MFR3 during 00:10–00:30 UT as triggered by an X5.4 flare-related eruption of an MFR (named “MFR1” here) in AR 11429. Then, after a quiet period of ∼20 minutes at around 00:52 UT, external magnetic reconnection (EMR) occurred above MFR3 manifested by not only bidirectional outflow in extreme ultraviolet images, but also microwave quasi-periodic pulsation in broadband radio spectral observations for the first time. With the occurrence of EMR, the large-scale MFR3 quickly erupted at 01:01 UT and triggered an X1.3 flare, which is related to the eruption of the other MFR (named “MFR2” here) in AR 11429 at 01:05 UT. The erupting MFR3 and MFR2 appeared successively in the same associated halo coronal mass ejection (CME) as two different core structures. The identification of the large-scale MFR3 between two separated ARs and its complex activity may shed new light on our understanding of the initiation mechanism of a CME. Further work should lay emphasis on how a large-scale MFR3 forms in the solar atmosphere.
Super-Eddington Accretion onto the Galactic Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
Authors: Tao Lian , Feng Hua , Zhang Shuangnan , Bu Qingcui , Zhang Shu , Qu Jinlu , Zhang Yue
Published: February 2019

We report on the spectral behavior of the first Galactic ultraluminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 with NuSTAR observations during its 2017–2018 outburst. At sub-Eddington levels, the source spectrum is characterized by three emission components: from the accretion column, the hot spot, and a broad iron line emission region. When the source is above the Eddington limit, the hot spot temperature increases and the spectrum features two more blackbody components. One blackbody component has a radius of 10–20 km and likely originate from the top of the accretion column. The other one saturates at a blackbody luminosity of (1–2) × 1038 erg s−1, coincident with the Eddington limit of a neutron star. This is consistent with the scenario that super-Eddington accretion onto compact objects will power optically thick outflows and indicates an accretion rate 60–80 times the critical value. This suggests that super-Eddington accretion onto magnetized systems can also power massive winds. At super-Eddington levels, the iron line becomes more significant and blueshifted, and is argued to be associated with the ultrafast wind in the central funnel or jets. This source, if located in external galaxies, will appear like other ultraluminous pulsars.
Fornax: A Flexible Code for Multiphysics Astrophysical Simulations
Authors: Skinner M. Aaron , Dolence Joshua C. , Burrows Adam , Radice David , Vartanyan David
Published: February 2019

This paper describes the design and implementation of our new multigroup, multidimensional radiation hydrodynamics code Fornax and provides a suite of code tests to validate its application in a wide range of physical regimes. Instead of focusing exclusively on tests of neutrino radiation hydrodynamics relevant to the core-collapse supernova problem for which Fornax is primarily intended, we present here classical and rigorous demonstrations of code performance relevant to a broad range of multidimensional hydrodynamic and multigroup radiation hydrodynamic problems. Our code solves the comoving-frame radiation moment equations using the M1 closure, utilizes conservative high-order reconstruction, employs semi-explicit matter and radiation transport via a high-order time stepping scheme, and is suitable for application to a wide range of astrophysical problems. To this end, we first describe the philosophy, algorithms, and methodologies of Fornax and then perform numerous stringent code tests that collectively and vigorously exercise the code, demonstrate the excellent numerical fidelity with which it captures the many physical effects of radiation hydrodynamics, and show excellent strong scaling well above 100,000 MPI tasks.
Searching for Super-fast Rotators Using the Pan-STARRS 1
Authors: Chang Chan-Kao , Lin Hsing-Wen , Ip Wing-Huen , Chen Wen-Ping , Yeh Ting-Shuo , Chambers K. C. , Magnier E. A. , Huber M. E. , Flewelling H. A. , Waters C. Z. , Wainscoat R. J. , Schultz A. S. B.
Published: February 2019

A class of asteroids, called large super-fast rotators (large SFRs), have rotation periods shorter than 2 hr and diameters larger than ∼0.3 km. They pose challenges to the usual interior rubble-pile structure unless a relatively high bulk density is assumed. So far, only six large SFRs have been found. Therefore, we present a survey of asteroid rotation periods using the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) 1 telescope during 2016 October 26–31 to search for more large SFRs and to study their properties. A total of 876 reliable rotation periods are measured, among which seven are large SFRs, thereby increasing the inventory of known large SFRs. These seven newly discovered large SFRs have diverse colors and locations in the main asteroid belt, suggesting that the taxonomic tendency and the location preference in the inner main belt of the six previously known large SFRs could be a bias due to various observational limits. Interestingly, five out of the seven newly discovered large SFRs are mid main-belt asteroids (MBAs). Considering the rare discovery rates of large SFR in the previously similar surveys and the survey condition in this work, the chance of detecting a large SFR in the inner main belt seems to be relatively low. This probably suggests that the inner main belt harbors fewer large SFRs than the mid main belt. From our survey, we also found a drop in the number appearing at f > 5 rev day−1 on the spin-rate distribution for the outer MBAs of D < 3 km, which was reported for the inner and mid main belt by Chang et al.
Enhanced influenza vaccination among healthcare personnel prevents cases despite community burden
Authors: Medina-Piñón Isaí , Padilla-Orozco Magaly , Mendoza-Flores Lidia , Garza-González Elvira , Salazar-Montalvo Raul G , Flores-Treviño Samantha , Camacho-Ortiz Adrián
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Influenza vaccination for healthcare personnel is not obligatory in Mexico, and compliance relies on promotion and persuasion. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of influenza vaccination compliance on the reduction of influenza and influenza-like illness among healthcare personnel throughout two consecutive influenza seasons.
Methodology: A retrospective study comparing cases of influenza and influenza-like illness among vaccinated and unvaccinated healthcare personnel registered in a Mexican 500-bed University Hospital surveillance and immunization registry during seasons 2015-16 and 2016-17.
Results: Total influenza immunization compliance was 21.3% and 42.7%, respectively. Reduction of the number of influenza-like illness (58 in 2015-16 and 15 in 2016-17; P = 0.0001) and confirmed influenza cases (28 in 2015-16 and 13 in 2016-17; P = 0.036) was evident. During 2016-17, influenza activity in the community was higher than 2015-16 (4800 and 1338 cases, respectively).
Conclusions: Increased influenza vaccination compliance among healthcare personnel was associated with reduction of the overall number of influenza and influenza-like illness cases, even in the setting of high activity of the disease in the community through 2016-17 and reported suboptimal vaccine effectiveness during both seasons.
Théologie stoïcienne et allégorie dans l’Abrégé de Cornutus : une rationalisation totale du mythe ?
Authors: Pià Comella Jordi
Published: February 2019

D’après les épicuriens et les platoniciens, l’allégorie stoïcienne réduit les dieux mythologiques à de simples réalités physiques, risquant ainsi de saper les fondements du polythéisme. Le présent article se propose de revenir sur cette perception schématique à partir du seul témoignage quasiment intact qui nous reste de l’allégorèse stoïcienne, à savoir l’Abrégé de Cornutus. Selon nous, l’allégorie des mythes telle que la pratique Cornutus n’est pas seulement l’explicitation rationnelle de vérités exprimées intuitivement par les Anciens : elle est ce discours qui, en empruntant au mythe son symbolisme, son pouvoir évocateur et sa part d’irrationnel, parvient, mieux que la seule démonstration théologique du philosophe, à rendre compte de la nature divine et du monde dans toute leur complexité.
(The Reconstruction of) Lucius Annaeus Cornutus’ Commentary on Vergil
Authors: Takács László
Published: February 2019

According to ancient testimonies the Stoic philosopher Lucius Annaeus Cornutus published one or two works on Vergil. Some fragments of these work(s) are still accessible today. Thus some scholars based their attempts to give a general evaluation of Cornutus as a philologist on them. As it is obvious that the late ancient commentaries saved more fragments written by Cornutus without mentioning his name, in this study I am trying to associate a greater number of the fragments to Cornutus’ lost work(s) on Vergil, and to re-evaluate the Stoic philosopher as a literary critic.
Constructions mixtes en terre et bois
Authors: Labeaune Régis , Gaston Christophe , Sordoillet Dominique
Published: February 2019

Lors des travaux concernant le contournement routier nord de Dijon, un habitat stratifié du ve siècle avant notre ère a été mis au jour sur près de 8000 m² dans une combe bordant la vallée de l’Ouche. L’exceptionnelle conservation des vestiges (niveaux de sols en terre battue, foyers, seuils des maisons…) s’explique par l’érosion des pentes qui a recouvert rapidement le site sous presque 1,50 m de colluvions, le préservant des labours et de toute autre destruction. Au centre de ce petit village, constitué de quatorze maisons à absides réparties régulièrement dans la combe, se trouvait une forge dans laquelle étaient fabriqués des fibules, des agrafes de ceinture et du mobilier de toilettes (pince à épiler, scalptorium…).
La construction en terre crue de l’âge du Fer à nos jours
Authors: Cammas Cécilia
Published: February 2019

Une approche de terrain fine, menée d’abord dans le sud de la France, puis élargie au nord de la France, a mis en évidence plusieurs types de matériaux de construction en terre crue, et plusieurs modes de mise en œuvre de la terre depuis l’âge du Fer jusqu’à nos jours. Les analyses micromorphologiques réalisées sur une grande diversité de ces matériaux ont permis de préciser la nature et l’origine des sédiments, mais aussi de restituer nombre d’étapes de la chaîne opératoire. Ces travaux débouchent sur une meilleure connaissance des matériaux. Ils ont aussi permis d’élaborer des critères de détermination de différentes techniques, et en particulier de différencier la bauge du pisé. Plus largement, les résultats obtenus nourrissent les discours archéologiques et historiques sur l’apparition et la diffusion des techniques.
Briques crues et « terre massive » dans le nord de la France
Authors: Bruley-Chabot Gaëlle
Published: February 2019

Méconnues en Île-de-France et sans doute sous-estimées, les constructions de terre crue, hors torchis, se sont illustrées récemment dans deux caves gallo-romaines. L’une comporte une cloison interne constituée de briques d’argile verte et la seconde a ses parois aménagées de murs en terre massive.
La brique crue, matériau par défaut ou choix éclairé ?
Authors: Alligri Aurélia , Raymond Pascal
Published: February 2019

La fouille du site de Mours (Val-d’Oise) a mis au jour deux fours de tuilier antiques. Leurs architectures constituées en partie en brique crue soulèvent plusieurs questions quant aux choix des matériaux et à leur mise en œuvre. Une analyse des atouts et contraintes de chaque élément de la construction permet de mettre en avant les qualités techniques du matériau terre qu’il soit cru ou cuit.
Habitats antiques en terre à Lons-le-Saunier
Authors: Viscusi Valérie
Published: February 2019

Deux opérations de sondages conduites dans l’agglomération antique de Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) ont mis en évidence des vestiges appartenant à plusieurs habitats modestes construits en terre et bois au cours du ier et du iie siècle de notre ère. Leur destruction à l’occasion d’incendies a occasionné une conservation des vestiges qui permet l’évocation de leurs techniques de construction.
Espaces vides et espaces bâtis dans la ville antique de Cahors-Divona
Authors: Rigal Didier
Published: February 2019

Implantée dans un méandre du Lot de 210 ha, Cahors-Divona en occupe la partie centrale à l’abri des inondations de la rivière. D’autres espaces sont délaissés par l’urbanisation, soit en raison de ruptures de pentes rendant malaisé un aménagement, soit par choix semble-t-il prémédité dans un but de réserve foncière, comme nous le verrons avec le temple attribué à la divinité tutélaire. À la fin de l’Antiquité, la totalité des monuments publics sont abandonnés et la cité réduit son emprise à 29 ha délimités par ses fortifications. À l’extérieur, les grands édifices sont démantelés tandis que se multiplient des installations précaires et opportunistes. On suppose que les abords de la cité ont été mis à profit pour la mise en place de cultures vivrières, mais aucun indice archéologique de cette activité n’a encore été décelé.
Terrains et espaces en devenir à La Rochelle (xiie-xviiie siècles)
Authors: Nibodeau Jean-Paul , Pouponnot Guillaume , Calmettes Philippe
Published: February 2019

Création ducale des années 1130, La Rochelle se développe rapidement au cours des xiie-xiiie siècles et se retrouve très vite à l’étroit dans ses murs qu’elle n’a alors de cesse d’étendre. La ville atteint ses limites au xive siècle et ce n’est qu’à la fin du xvie siècle qu’une nouvelle extension est possible. Après le siège de 1628, les fortifications sont rasées, à l’exception du front de mer. Libérée de son carcan militaire, la ville s’étale alors sur ces nouveaux terrains de manière parfois anarchique jusque vers la fin du xviie siècle quand une nouvelle enceinte, plus large que la précédente, va enclore la ville jusqu’au début du xxe siècle.
Bien qu’ils soient à prendre avec prudence, les nombreux plans de la ville montrent, à partir de la fin du xvie siècle, de nombreux terrains libres de construction au sein de l’espace urbain. Il s’agit souvent de jardins, vergers ou espaces agraires divers, en général privatifs et enclos de murs. D’autres peuvent être interprétés, grâce aux sources archivistiques, comme résultant de destructions. Toutefois, ces espaces ne sont jamais qualifiés de « place vide ». Les opérations d’archéologie préventive menées depuis une vingtaine d’années à La Rochelle complètent parfois ces informations et permettent une nouvelle approche de leur interprétation. Quelques-unes ont également mis l’accent sur des phénomènes peu documentés comme la conquête de nouveaux espaces soumis à un processus de transformation naturel accentué par l’homme.
Plantes médicinales et régime alimentaire
Authors: Preiss Sidonie
Published: February 2019

Parmi les vestiges d’époque moderne mis au jour lors des fouilles de l’abbaye cistercienne de Clairefontaine, située en province de Luxembourg sur l’actuel territoire belge, les latrines ont fourni un riche matériel archéologique, dont des éléments organiques bien conservés. Les analyses des restes fauniques et botaniques, couplées aux informations historiques disponibles et aux objets découverts, nous ont permis de décrire le régime alimentaire des nonnes ayant vécu au sein de l’abbaye durant la deuxième moitié du xviiiie siècle. Cette étude interdisciplinaire a démontré une alimentation riche en graisse, notamment en viande grasse, et en mets sucrés. Nous nous sommes plus particulièrement intéressés aux résultats carpologiques qui concernent les graines et fruits archéologiques. Bien que dominés par les restes de fruitiers, nous remarquons une grande diversité en plantes cultivées et sauvages aux propriétés médicinales communes. Elles ont notamment les vertus de faciliter la digestion, d’aider à éliminer les toxines de l’organisme humain soumis à des aliments trop gras et sucrés. Bien qu’il ne soit pas toujours aisé de déterminer l’origine précise de l’utilisation des restes archéobotaniques au sein des latrines, l’association de ces plantes aux vertus médicinales communes à une alimentation très riche suggère qu’elles ont pu être utilisées pour alléger ce régime et pallier ses désagréments.
Autopsies à l’Hôpital Général de Dijon (1785-1841)
Authors: Fossurier Carole
Published: February 2019

Le site de Dijon « Pont des Tanneries » a été diagnostiqué puis fouillé entre décembre 2011 et mai 2013 sous la direction de P. Chopelain : le site correspond au cimetière de l’Hôpital Général de Dijon utilisé de 1785 à 1841. La population inhumée est celle de l’hôpital et comprend des patients, mais aussi des indigents et des enfants issus de la nourricerie. Le nombre de décès élevé au sein de l’hôpital conduit à une gestion particulière des défunts avec l’utilisation massive de la chaux ; en effet, à cette période, le docteur dijonnais Maret écrit un texte détaillant la manière de recourir à ce moyen pour assainir les cimetières. Sur les sept cents individus dégagés, certains se distinguent par des marques de découpe : ces dernières correspondent probablement à des traces d’autopsies. Celles-ci sont effectuées sur plusieurs os, de manières variées et à l’aide de différents outils. Elles peuvent avoir été réalisées soit dans une perspective de médecine légale soit à des fins anatomo-pathologiques.
Constantes et variations autour d’un modèle
Authors: Ripoche Julien , Nicolas Théophane
Published: February 2019

Depuis les années 2000 avec l’essor de l’archéologie préventive, on constate, en Bretagne, un renouvellement important des données céramiques notamment avec la mise au jour de contextes domestiques du Bronze ancien. Ces découvertes permettent, aujourd’hui, de disposer de contextes clos et bien datés, propices à la mise en place d’une approche technologique. Cette approche permet d’intégrer les nouveaux corpus domestiques à la réflexion générale d’un point de vue typochronologique, mais également au plan des dynamiques culturelles et des réseaux d’échanges entretenus à l’échelle de la façade atlantique, tout particulièrement au travers des phénomènes d’emprunts, de copies et d’imitations.
Utilisation de l’os dans la décoration d’un vase du Bronze moyen
Authors: Lardé Sophie , Drouet Christophe , Frénée éric , Mercey Florent
Published: February 2019

Des fragments de vase découverts dans une fosse sur le site de Vienne-en-Val (Loiret) présentent un décor de motifs géométriques incisés, emplis d’une pâte blanche. Leur contexte permet de les dater du Bronze moyen II. Cette technique décorative est connue dans plusieurs contextes néolithiques et protohistoriques, mais la nature du pigment blanc reste souvent indéterminée. Des analyses physico-chimiques non destructives ont attesté de l’origine osseuse du pigment utilisé pour le vase, en mettant notamment en évidence un phosphate de calcium de structure similaire à celle de l’apatite de l’os.
De la signature technique à la signature ethnique
Authors: Peche-Quilichini Kewin
Published: February 2019

Cette contribution constitue le compte-rendu de l’étude technologique du corpus des vaisselles locales non tournées de l’habitat d’I Palazzi, dans le nord-est de la Corse. Concerné par plusieurs opérations d’archéologie préventive réalisées ces quinze dernières années, ce site est le mieux documenté sur l’île pour les iie-ier siècles avant notre ère, soit la fin du second âge du Fer. Les chaînes opératoires de fabrication de la poterie constituent ici l’aboutissement de savoir-faire traditionnels hérités de la Préhistoire, malgré leur coexistence avec des mobiliers d’importation italiques. L’analyse se concentre sur deux aspects technologiques spécifiques : l’utilisation d’amiante pour dégraisser les pâtes et le traitement des surfaces au moyen d’un peigne dans un but au moins en partie décoratif. On conclut par une discussion sur le caractère identitaire de ces pratiques en s’appuyant sur l’identification de ces vaisselles originales dans plusieurs sites du littoral nord-ouest de l’Italie.
Lezoux, un complexe majeur de production de céramiques durant l’Antiquité
Authors: Bet Philippe , Dousteyssier Bertrand , Pouenat Pierre
Published: February 2019

Lezoux, dans le département du Puy-de-Dôme, a été l'un des plus grand centres de production potière de l'Empire romain. Bien que découvert au xviiie siècle et de réputation internationale, le site n'a pas fait l'objet d'une protection patrimoniale à sa mesure. Le choix du lieu, l'organisation des ateliers et les ressources dont ils disposaient sont d'abord présentés dans cet article. L'influence des officines d'Arezzo (Italie) est remarquable pendant les premières décennies. Les méthodes de fabrication sont évoquées, ainsi que leur évolution durant quatre siècles. L'histoire de Lezoux a été très dynamique. Elle est marquée par des échecs et des récessions, des innovations et des succès.
Photogrammétrie, lasergrammétrie, tomodensitométrie
Authors: Nicolas Théophane , Treyvaud Geneviève , Favrel Quentin , Gaugne Ronan , Gouranton Valérie
Published: February 2019

L’utilisation de moyens d’investigation non invasive à haute complexité technologique pour l’analyse du mobilier archéologique est actuellement limitée, réservée le plus souvent à des découvertes exceptionnelles. Ici, au contraire, sont exposés les méthodes et les résultats de l’utilisation de quelques-uns de ces moyens pour l’étude du mobilier fréquent, courant, banal que sont les céramiques protohistoriques. Ces recherches récentes ont été menées dans le cadre d’un projet ANR visant à utiliser des technologies d’imagerie avancées (tomodensitométrie…) et de restitutions 3D interactives, physiques et virtuelles (réalité virtuelle, augmentée, mixte ; impressions 3D et interactions tangibles) dans le but d’affiner la lecture d’objets complexes, composites et/ou altérés.