bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persistently high platelet factor 4 levels in an adolescent with recurrent late thrombotic complications after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination: A case report
Authors: Haga Yoichi , Ohara Akira , Yakuwa Tsuneyoshi , Yamashita Akari , Udo Midori , Matsuoka Masaki , Yasumoto Atsushi , Takahashi Hiroyuki
Published: January 2023

Background
Thrombosis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is a serious complication for patients with a thrombophilic predisposition. Factors that predict the risk of post-vaccination thrombosis should be explored. We report a case in which a patient with pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) six months after receiving a second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Case presentation:
A 17-year-old girl with no family history of thrombophilia developed DVT at six years of age. The thrombus was found in the right common iliac vein and the inferior vena cava, with concomitant left pulmonary infarction. After treatment with warfarin, the pulmonary infarction was resolved, but the thrombus became organized and persisted for the next 11 years. The patient was treated with anticoagulants for six years after DVT onset, with subsequent cessation of treatment for five years without thrombosis recurrence. She received the BNT162b2 vaccine at 17 years of age, one week before a routine outpatient visit. Elevation of platelet factor 4 level was detected 14 days after the first vaccination and remained for five months after that, but without thrombotic symptoms. A second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine was administered; six months later, the DVT in the right common iliac vein recurred and was treated with a direct oral anticoagulant.
Conclusions
The BNT162b2 vaccine exacerbated her antiphospholipid antibody syndrome by activating the coagulation system, thereby exacerbating her thrombosis. Platelet factor 4 may be a useful indicator of the coagulation system. The persistence of high platelet factor 4 levels after vaccination suggests that the vaccine caused DVT by exacerbating the patient’s APS. After vaccination of patients with a predisposition to thrombosis, coagulation status and platelet activation markers should be monitored to prevent the development of DVT.
Towards a Better Understanding of the Characteristics of Fractal Networks
Authors: Zakar-Polyák Enikő , Nagy Marcell , Molontay Roland
Published: January 2023

The fractal nature of complex networks has received a great deal of research interest in the last two decades. Similarly to geometric fractals, the fractality of networks can also be defined with the so-called box-covering method. A network is called fractal if the minimum number of boxes needed to cover the entire network follows a power-law relation with the size of the boxes. The fractality of networks has been associated with various network properties throughout the years, for example, disassortativity, repulsion between hubs, long-range-repulsive correlation, and small edge betweenness centralities. However, these assertions are usually based on tailor-made network models and on a small number of real networks, hence their ubiquity is often disputed.
Since fractal networks have been shown to have important properties, such as robustness against intentional attacks, it is in dire need to uncover the underlying mechanisms causing fractality. Hence, the main goal of this work is to get a better understanding of the origins of fractality in complex networks. To this end, we systematically review the previous results on the relationship between various network characteristics and fractality. Moreover, we perform a comprehensive analysis of these relations on five network models and a large number of real-world networks originating from six domains. We clarify which characteristics are universally present in fractal networks and which features are just artifacts or coincidences.
Autoencoder-enabled Model Portability for Reducing Hyperparameter Tuning Efforts in Side-channel Analysis
Authors: Krček Marina , Perin Guilherme
Published: January 2023

Hyperparameter tuning represents one of the main challenges in deep learning-based profiling side-channel analysis. For each different side-channel dataset, the typical procedure to find a profiling model is applying hyperparameter tuning from scratch. The main reason is that side-channel measurements from various targets contain different underlying leakage distributions. Consequently, the same profiling model hyperparameters are usually not equally efficient for other targets. This paper considers autoencoders for dimensionality reduction to verify if encoded datasets from different targets enable the portability of profiling models and architectures. Successful portability reduces the hyperparameter tuning efforts as profiling model tuning is eliminated for the new dataset, and tuning autoencoders is simpler. We first search for the best autoencoder for each dataset and the best profiling model when the encoded dataset becomes the training set. Our results show no significant difference in tuning efforts using original and encoded traces, meaning that encoded data reliably represents the original data. Next, we verify how portable is the best profiling model among different datasets. Our results show that tuning autoencoders enables and improves portability while reducing the effort in hyperparameter search for profiling models. Lastly, we present a transfer learning case where dimensionality reduction might be necessary if the model is tuned for a dataset with fewer features than the new dataset. In this case, tuning of the profiling model is eliminated and training time reduced.
Enhanced Electrochemical and Corrosion Behavior of Amorphous 316-type Stainless Steel Microfibers in Saline Environment
Authors: Sarac Baran , Sharifikolouei Elham , Zheng Yonghui , Yüce Eray , Asci Atacan , Keckes Jozef , Sarac A. Sezai , Eckert Jürgen
Published: January 2023

The resistance of commercial stainless steel (SS) types in harsh environments is problematic because of the breakdown of the passive chromium oxide layer. This study reports fully amorphized 316 SS microfibers using a customized multi-nozzled melt-spinning technique. Electrochemical tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl shows a high corrosion resistance with an annual corrosion rate of less than 60 µm year–1 under ambient conditions, which increases slightly as the temperature rises to 50°C. The room temperature sample also shows a low passivation current at the level of 10–4 A cm–2 with long-term stability, and no pitting is observed for all the samples until 1.5 V. The sample polarized at 37°C shows the smallest bulk resistance (~ 1400 Ω cm2) and the largest double-layer capacitance (28.6 µF cm–2), where large amounts of salt accumulation on the surface creating a passive layer on the microfibers were detected by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX)–scanning electron microscopy. Cross-sectional investigation by EDX-scanning transmission electron microscopy corroborates the homogenous bulk composition and Fe-rich, Ni and Cr-containing amorphous oxides, both of which contribute to the enhanced corrosion and passivation properties compared to commercial SS counterparts in the literature.
Hydrodynamic Response on Retaining Structures
Authors: AlKhatib Karim , Hashash Youssef MA , Ziotopoulou Katerina , Morales Brian
Published: January 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Increasing influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers: Analysis of an intensified on-site vaccination campaign during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Schumacher Sofie , Salmanton-García Jon , Liekweg Andrea , Rolfes Muriel , Seidel Danila , Mellinghoff Sibylle C. , Cornely Oliver A.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Influenza infections have a substantial impact on health care institutions. While vaccination is the most effective preventive measure against influenza infections, overall vaccination coverage in healthcare workers is low. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of an intensified influenza vaccination campaign in a maximum-care hospital on influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020/21.
Methods: Vaccination coverage following an intensified influenza vaccination campaign comprising a mobile vaccination team providing on-site vaccination and vaccination at a recurring central vaccination site in addition to promotional measures was analysed. A survey querying vaccination motivation was performed. Additionally, campaign strategies and respective vaccination coverage of influenza seasons between 2017/18 and 2019/20 were analysed.
Results: The intensified influenza vaccination campaign 2020/21 led to a significant 2.4-fold increase yielding an overall vaccination coverage of 40% among healthcare workers. A significant increase in vaccination coverage was observed across all professional fields, especially among nurses, a 2.7-fold increase, reaching a vaccination coverage of 48% was observed. The COVID-19 pandemic positively influenced vaccination decision in 72% of first-time ever or first-time in over ten years influenza vaccinees. Vaccination coverage during prior vaccination campaigns focusing on educational measures did not exceed 17%.
Conclusion: A mobile vaccination team providing on-site vaccination and vaccinations at a central vaccination site in addition to intensified promotional measures can be implemented to increase influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers. Our concept can inform future influenza and other vaccination campaigns for healthcare workers.
Isosorbide DiNitrate Effect on Hemodynamic Profile, Liver Stiffness, and Exercise Tolerance in Fontan Circulation (The NEET Clinical Trial)
Authors: Bigelow Amee M. , Riggs Kyle W. , Morales David L. S. , Lubert Adam M. , Opotowsky Alexander R. , Dillman Jonathan R. , Veldtman Gruschen R. , Heydarian Haleh C. , Trout Andrew T. , Cooper David S. , Goldstein Stuart L. , Chin Clifford , Palermo Joseph J. , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Mays Wayne A. , Alsaied Tarek
Published: January 2023

Introduction: After Fontan operation, decreased venous capacitance and venoconstriction are adaptive mechanisms to maintain venous return and cardiac output. The consequent higher venous pressure may adversely impact end-organ function, exercise capacity and result in worse clinical outcomes. This pilot study evaluated the safety and effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a venodilator, on exercise capacity, peripheral venous pressure (PVP), and liver stiffness in patients with Fontan circulation.
Methods: In this prospective single-arm trial, 15 individuals with Fontan circulation were evaluated at baseline and after four weeks of therapeutic treatment with ISDN. Primary aims were to assess the safety of ISDN and the effect on maximal exercise (peak oxygen consumption, peak VO2). We also aimed to assess the effect of ISDN on ultrasound-assessed liver stiffness, markers of submaximal exercise, and PVP at rest and peak exercise. Repeated measures t-tests were used to assess change in variables of interest in response to ISDN.
Results: Mean age was 23.5 ± 9.2 years (range 11.2-39.0 years), and 10/15 (67%) were male. There was no statistically significant change in peak VO2 (1401±428 to 1428±436 mL/min, p=0.128), but VO2 at the anaerobic threshold increased (1087 + 313 to 1115 + 302 mL/min, p= 0.03). ISDN was also associated with a lower peak exercise PVP (22.5 + 4.5 to 20.6 + 3.0 mmHg, p=0.015). Liver stiffness was lower with ISDN, though the difference was not statistically significant (2.3 + 0.4 to 2.1 + 0.5 m/s, p=0.079). Of the patients completing the trial, mild headache was common (67%), but there were no major adverse events.
Conclusions: Treatment with ISDN for 4 weeks is well-tolerated in patients with a Fontan circulation. ISDN is associated with an increase in VO2 at anaerobic threshold, lower peak PVP, and a trend towards lower liver stiffness. Larger, longer studies will be necessary to define the impact of ISDN on clinical outcomes in the Fontan circulation.
Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https//clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT04297241
Three-Dimensional Echocardiography for the evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy patients: relation to symptoms and exercise capacity
Authors: Cardoso Isabel Machado , Viegas José , Rosa Sílvia Aguiar , Brás Pedro , Grazina André , Cruz Inês , Branco Luísa , Galrinho Ana , Fiarresga António , Lopes Luís R , Ferreira Rui Cruz
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may exhibit impaired functional capacity, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Systolic function is one of the determinants of functional capacity. Early identification of systolic disfunction may identify patients at risk for adverse outcomes. Myocardial deformation parameters, derived from three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) are are useful tools to assess left ventricular systolic function, and are often abnormal before a decline in ejection fraction is seen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between myocardial deformation parameters obtained by 3DSTE and functional capacity in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Methods: Seventy-four hypertrophic cardiomyopathy adult patients were prospectively evaluated. All patients underwent a dedicated 2D and 3D echocardiographic examination and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).
Results: Values of 3D global radial (GRS), longitudinal (3DGLS) and circumferential strain (GCS) were overall reduced in our population: 99% (n=73) of the patients had reduced GLS, 82% (n=61) had reduced GRS and all patients had reduced GCS obtain by 3DSTE. Average peak VO2 was 21.01 (6.08) ml/Kg/min; 58% (n=39) of the patients showed reduced exercise tolerance (predicted peak VO2< 80%). The average VE/VCO2 slope was 29.0 (5.3) and 16% (n= 11) of the patients had impaired ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 >34). In multivariable analysis, 3D GLS (β1 = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.03;0.23, p=0.014), age (β1 = -0.15, 95%CI: -0.23; -0.05, p=0.002) and female gender (β1=-5.10, 95%CI: -7.7; -2.6, p<0.01) were independently associated with peak VO2. No association was found between left ventricle ejection fraction obtain and peak VO2 (r=0.161, p=0.5).
Conclusion: Impaired myocardial deformation parameters evaluated by 3DSTE were associated with worse functional capacity assessed by peak VO2.
A Survey on the Management of Anomalous Aortic Origins of the Coronary Arteries Anomalous
Authors: Rauf Hareem , Zhang Xiao , Hokanson John S.
Published: January 2023

Background: The management of patients with an anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) remains controversial despite the publication of the 2017 American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) expert guidelines.
Methods: We surveyed the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery and the Pediheart.net online community regarding their care of patients with anomalous origins of the right or left coronary from the opposite cusp with inter-arterial courses and compared them to the AATS guidelines
Results: We received 111 complete responses. Four notable variations from the AATS recommendations were identified. Respondents were more likely to use ECG exercise testing than the stress imaging recommended in the AATS guidelines.
For a 16-year-old with AAOCA, recommendations for surgery generally followed the AATS guidelines. However, for asymptomatic left AAOCA without signs of ischemia on stress imaging, only 69.4% felt surgery was appropriate or somewhat appropriate.
In the setting of a 16-year-old with right AAOCA free from signs or symptoms of ischemia, respondents were more likely to recommend surgery if the patient was a competitive athlete, a topic not directly addressed in the AATS guidelines.
After surgical treatment of AAOCA, only 24% of respondents recommended lifelong antiplatelet therapy despite recommendations for this in the AATS guidelines.
Conclusion: Respondents recommendations were generally consistent with the 2017 AATS guidelines but with important variations in the use of stress imaging, indications for surgery in asymptomatic left AAOCA, the impact of identification as a competitive athlete and duration of postoperative antiplatelet therapy.
CRISPR/Cas9 screening reveals that ASB2 inhibits p53-dependent ferroptosis to mediates Lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Guoqiang , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Yuliang , Cao Hengsong , Huang Tian , Liu Chuan , Rong Dawei , Dai Mingrui , Liu Hanyuan , Li Xiao , Sun Guangshun , Kong Jie , Xia Yongxiang , Feng Tingting , Tang Weiwei
Published: January 2023

Background Lenvatinib is in a first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its resistance is one of the main obstacles to treatment failure. The molecular mechanism of Lenvatinib resistance has not been well explored. Methods Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening system was developed and bioinformatic analysis was used to identify key genes associated with Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Whole transcriptome sequencing including coding and non-coding RNAs has also been performed in Lenvatinib resistance and sensitive HCC cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, confocal localization, western blot, immunofluorescence and other experiments were employed to assess the role of ASB2 in Lenvatinib resistance. Results ASB2 was found to be significantly increased at the mRNA and protein levels in Lenvatinib resistant HCC cells. ASB2 knockdown inhibited HCC Lenvatinib resistance cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Mechanistically, ASB2 activated NF-κB pathway by promoting IκBα ubiquitination and inhibited ferroptosis by promoting P53 ubiquitination and then mediated Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Interestingly, NOTCH1 was shown to transcriptionly promote ASB2 expression and regulate NF-κB as well as ferroptosis pathways to induce Lenvatinib resistance in HCC. In further clinical translation, we found that Venetoclax could bind to ASB2 through a virtual screen of protein potential binding small molecules, and confirmed that Venetoclax and Lenvatinib combined significantly inhibited the progression of HCC, and the efficacy was better than Lenvatinib alone in vitro and vivo. Conclusion This study reveals that ASB2 which was transcriptionly promoted by NOTCH1, activated NF-κB pathway by promoting IκBα ubiquitination and inhibited ferroptosis by promoting P53 ubiquitination and mediated HCC Lenvatinib-resistance based on CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Venetoclax can potentially inhibit the function of ASB2 and the combination of Venetoclax and Lenvatinib can significantly inhibit the progression of HCC, which provides new targets and specific strategies for the treatment of HCC Lenvatinib-resistance, bringing new hope and benefits to HCC patients.
Transcriptome analysis reveals flower development and the role of hormones in three flower types of grapevine
Authors: Han Kai , Ji Wei , Luo Yaoxing , Zhang Xiaoping , Kana Nami , Ma Xiaohe
Published: January 2023

The molecular mechanism of flower development and sexual differentiation, which is an intricate process, still unclear in Vitisplants. In this study, we performed the transcriptome analysis by high-throughput sequencing to measure gene expression at three stages in male, female and hermaphrodite grape flowers, and in combination with the fluctuation of hormones (ABA, IAA, BR, GA3, and JA) to understand the gene function and molecular basis of developmental processes in Vitis flowers. The results showed that more than 581 million clean reads were generated from all samples and average 83% reads were mapped on the Vitis vinifera genome. More, quite a large number of genes were differentially expressed between different stages within and across cultivars and various transcription factor families involved were identified in flower development. The genes belonging to MYB, bHLH, ERF, NAC and WRKY have more numbers than other TF families. Further, we analyzed the correlation of those hormones with 165 DEGs (including 36 TF genes). The results suggested that those genes might play important roles in sex differentiation during flower development and a unique opportunity to increase the efficiency of crossbreeding in Vitis plant.
Mosaic evolution of grasping and genitalic traits in two sympatric scorpion species with reproductive interference
Authors: Oviedo-Diego Mariela , Mattoni Camilo , Bollatti Fedra , Soto Eduardo M. , Peretti Alfredo V.
Published: January 2023

Reproductive interference (RI) can occur when two related species coexist in sympatry, involving sexual attraction, mating, and even hybridization between heterospecifics. Consequently, reproductive key characters of these species may suffer morphological shifts in sympatry to avoid the success of heterospecific sexual interactions, a phenomenon known as reproductive character displacement (RCD). RCD can be promoted by natural selection, although sexual selection pressures can act synergistically or agonistically so that phenotypic variation can respond in different directions and magnitudes to these forces. In turn, the size and shape of characters may respond differentially (mosaic evolution) to these pressures, so the analysis of multiple dimensions in traits is essential to understand the complexity of their phenotypic variability. To date, there are no studies evaluating this topic in scorpions, and two species (Urophonius brachycentrus and U. achalensis) sympatric and synchronous with RI represent an ideal model to evaluate the phenotypic variation and occurrence of RCD. In addition, the populations of these species are found in an altitudinal cline, so environmental factors may also be responsible for explaining their morphological variation. We compared the intra-specific variation, the size and shape of multiple characters involved in courtship, and sperm transfer in individuals from sympatric and allopatric populations using geometric morphometrics. We found asymmetric RCD of several sexual characters for courtship success (grasping structures) and sperm transfer (genital characters). This would evidence the action of natural selection pressures and the existence of a possible mechanism to avoid heterospecific mating success. In addition, we found a pattern of asymmetric morphological variation where one species in the sympatric zone suffered an increase in size in several characters due to environmental factors (pattern of morphological convergence). The convergence of characters combined with RI and a scramble competition mating system could intensify sexual selection pressures on specific characters, which was reflected in their high coefficients of variation. Our results suggest that in this sympatric zone, several selective regimes act differentially on various dimensions of the characters evaluated, which would support a possible mosaic evolution. This comprehensive study illuminates the complexity inherent in the evolution of multi-functional traits in a previously unexplored model, providing novel insights for evaluating traits under multiple selective pressures in animal systems experimenting RI.
Analgesic effect of perineural injection of BoNT/A on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve in rats
Authors: He Juanjuan , Wei Xiaomei , Wu Mengli , Song Zubiao , Jiang Li , Zhang Wei-xi
Published: January 2023

This study was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of perineural injection of BoNT/A on neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) and possible mechanisms. SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group, CCI group and BoNT/A group. Paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (pMWT) and paw thermal withdrawal latency (pTWL) of each group were detected at different time points after surgery. The expression of myelin markers, autophagy markers and NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules in injured sciatic nerves were examined at 12 days after surgery. Moreover, C-fiber evoked potential in spinal dorsal horn was recorded. The expression of SNAP-25, neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn of each group was examined. Then rats treated with BoNT/A were randomly divided into DMSO group and Wnt agonist group to further explore the regulatory effect of BoNT/A on Wnt pathway. We found that pMWT and pTWL of ipsilateral paw were significantly decreased in CCI group compared with Sham group, which could be improved by perineural injection of BoNT/A at days 7, 9 and 12 after surgery. The peripheral mechanisms of perineural injection of BoNT/A may be related to the protective effect on myelin sheath by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting autophagy flow, while the central mechanisms may be associated with inhibition of neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn due to its ability to inhibit SNAP-25 and Wnt pathway. As a new route of administration, perineural injection of BoNT/A can relieve CCI induced neuropathic pain probably via both peripheral and central mechanisms.
Piloting a discrete choice experiment-style task to elicit treatment preferences in Geographic Atrophy
Authors: Enoch Jamie , Ghulakhszian Arevik , Sekhon Mandeep , Crabb David P. , Taylor Deanna J. , Dinah Christiana
Published: January 2023

Objective: Geographic Atrophy (GA) is the advanced form of the non-neovascular (‘dry’) type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and responsible for one-quarter of legal blindness in the UK. While no approved treatment for GA currently exists, new therapies delivered by intravitreal injection are in late-stage development. These therapies slow down, but do not stop or reverse, progression of GA, but may also increase the risk of developing the neovascular (‘wet’) type of AMD.
Within a larger study exploring the acceptability of these new treatments to people living with GA, we developed a discrete choice experiment (DCE)-style exercise to evaluate how participants weigh up benefits and drawbacks of different treatment regimens. This research note reports quantitative and qualitative findings from this exercise.
Results: Twenty-eight participants took part in this DCE-style exercise. The exercise demonstrated that participants were generally, although not unanimously, in favour of less frequent treatment for GA that was slightly less efficacious in terms of preserving visual function but presented a lower risk of developing wet AMD.
Even among a small sample, the exercise demonstrated the highly personal and idiosyncratic decision-making processes influencing participants’ choices of preferred hypothetical GA treatment.
Assessment the predictability in the price dynamics for top ten cryptocurrencies: The impacts of Russia-Ukraine war
Authors: de Araujo Fernando Henrique Antunes , Fernandes Leonardo H. S. , Silva José W. L. , Sobrinho Kleber E. S. , Tabak Benjamin
Published: January 2023

This paper has investigated the predictability of the top ten cryptocurrencies’ price dynamics, ranked by their daily market capitalization and trade volume, via the information theory quantifiers. Our analysis considers the Complexity-entropy causality plane to study the temporal evolution of the price of these cryptocurrencies and their respective locations along this 2D map, bearing in mind after and during the Russia-Ukraine war. Moreover, we apply the permutation entropy and the Jensen-Shannon statistical complexity measure to rank these cryptocurrencies similarly to a complexity hierarchy. Our findings reflect that the Russian-Ukraine war affects the informational efficiency of cryptocurrency dynamics. Specifically, the cryptocurrencies notably showed a decrease in informational inefficiency (USD-coin, Binance-USD, BNB, Dogecoin, and XRP). At the same time, the cryptocurrencies with more expressiveness for the financial market, considering the volume traded and the capitalized market, were strongly impacted, presenting an increase in informational inefficiency (Tether, Cardano, Ethereum, and Bitcoin). It clarifies the potential of cryptocurrencies to mitigate exogenous shocks and their capability to use with portfolio selection, risk diversification and herding behaviour.
Eco Friendly Conversion of Food Waste to Biogas Through Anaerobic Process
Authors: Ali Akbar , Akbar Haroon , Sartaj Zeeshan
Published: January 2023

We will create biogas energy. When we breakdown organics things in scientific way and oxygen eliminate them this method work with us under the principle of renewable energy. The way we create energy from other natural resources, for example, the way we generate energy from the sun, wind and water. So like in this way we will also get energy from the food waste. But waste that biodegradable. It is including many types of waste, such as animal waste, plant waste and human waste. When we pass the waste from the scientific procedure (anaerobic process). So they give us biogas. The biogas include other as such as methane (CH4) carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulphate (H2S) include small amount siloxanes and moisture. Biogas we can use in different forms for example, fuel, heat and electricity etc. but mostly use for heating purpose So, the food waste is a critical subject for the administration of Pakistan. In this regard, existing waste management companies tried their best to solve the existing problem due to many reasons. So we trying to collect the data 5 UCs of the Mardan city with the help of our municipal department. This study of food waste convert into Biogas. So we trying to collect data from maximum 5 UCS per (kg/C/day). Percentage of various waste components in order to percentage of recyclables. Particularly for predicting potential of revenue generation.
Prevalence and Determinants of Hypothyroidism in Patients on Routine Hemodialysis in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi , Siyad Mohamed Osman , Adan Abdisamad Mohamed , Jeele Mohamed Osman Omar
Published: January 2023

Introduction:In recent decades, the relationship between thyroid and renal disease has drawn considerable attention. We aim to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients in Somalia.Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in the hemodialysis unit of Mogadishu Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital, between June 1 and July, 31 2022. 301 patients who are routinely going to hemodialysis were included in the study. Demographic data including age, gender, and data regarding hemodialysis were extracted from hospital information system (HIS). All participants had their thyroid function test measured before hemodialysis sessions.Results:A total of 301 patients, their ages ranged from 40 to 66 years, with the median age being 54 (IQR= 40-66). Males were 167 (55.5%) compared to females 134 (44.5%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity among the patients with 137 (45.5%). Diabetic nephropathy was the most common cause of renal failure in 138 patients (45.84%) followed by hypertensive nephropathy 100 (33.22%). The prevalence rate of hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients in our study was 28%. In hypothyroidism patients 57.8% had subclinical hypothyroidism and 42.2% had overt hypothyroidism. 70.8% of our patients were in euthyroid status. Subclinical hypothyroidism was commonly seen in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. We found that increasing age, decreased albumin level were related to higher risk of subclinical hypothyroidism. We also found that increasing creatinine levels were associated with lower risk of overt hypothyroidism.Conclusion:Increased age and low albumin level was associated with the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Also low creatinine level was observed in overt hypothyroidism patients.
Turbulence in the mixed layer over an urban area: a New York City case study
Authors: Rios Gabriel , Ramamurthy Prathap
Published: January 2023

This study examines the turbulence characteristics of the boundary layer over New York City. Understanding the urban boundary layer characteristics is key to forecasting weather in cities, where most people live. Although extensive research into urban boundary layer (UBL) processes have been carried out in the past decades, majority of these studies focussed on the urban surface layer; our understanding of urban mixed layer characteristics is still incomplete. Here we use Doppler lidar observations from multiple sites in New York City to study turbulent properties in the UBL and their relationship to the heterogeneous urban surface. All three sites were influenced by different levels of urbanization. Our analysis shows vertical stratification in momentum transport during non-neutral stability periods. The analysis over multiple sites reveal a degree of homogeneity in mixed layer characteristics, especially during extreme heat episodes. The spectral analysis show high variability in normalized energy density at different heights.
Perioperative fasting and feeding in adults, obstetric, pediatric and bariatric population
Authors: Alhariri Durrah , Rakmani Najwa
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Clinical practice guidelines provide recommendations for discontinuation of solid food and liquids prior to elective diagnostic or surgical procedures which performed under deep hypnosis or anesthesia (regional or general) and resumption of oral feeding in the post-operative period. To reduce the incidence and severity of aspiration pneumonia and other complications (such as hypotension during induction of anesthesia), to prevent delays or cancellations of surgical procedures and also to obtain better patient outcomes.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students in the sixth year in private and public Syrian universities through the use of a questionnaire that asked about the students' knowledge of the American Association guidelines for fasting periods for solids and liquids in adults and children patients before surgery and their knowledge of the importance of fasting before surgery and their knowledge of the protocol for enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Some statistical tests were performed and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

Of the 215 students studied, 184 are studying in private universities and 26 in public universities, 106 (50.2%) had a good level of knowledge about the importance of fasting and the American Association's guidelines for fasting periods. As for the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol, 111 (51.6%) had good knowledge. Subjects with good knowledge of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol had good knowledge of the importance and duration of preoperative fasting periods 1.7 times more than subjects with poor knowledge of the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol.

Conclusion:

This research focuses on the knowledge of sixth year medical students, who will start the field of practice, about the periods of fasting before surgery and its importance and the protocol of the enhanced recovery after surgery because of its importance in managing patients surgically, especially for surgeons, anesthesiologists and internal medicine specialists.
Characteristics of critical incident reporting systems in primary care: an international survey
Authors:   , Höcherl Andreas
Published: January 2023

Aim: The aim of the study was to support the development of future critical incident reporting systems (CIRS) in primary care by collecting information on existing systems. Our focus was on processes used to report and analyse incidents, as well as strategies used to overcome difficulties. Methods: Based on literature from throughout the world, we identified existing CIRS in primary care. We developed a questionnaire and sent it to operators of a purposeful sample of 17 CIRS in primary care. We used cross-case analysis to compare the answers and pinpoint important similarities and differences in the CIRS in our sample. Results: Ten CIRS operators filled out the questionnaire, and 9 systems met the inclusion criteria. The sample of CIRS came from 8 different countries and was rather heterogeneous. The reporting systems invited a broad range of professions to report, with some also including reports by patients. In most cases, reporting was voluntary and conducted via an online reporting form. Reports were analysed locally, centrally, or both. The various CIRS used interesting ideas to deal with barriers. Some, for example, used confidential reporting modes as a compromise between anonymity and the need for follow-up investigations, whereas others used smartphone applications and call centres to speed up the reporting process. Conclusion: We found multiple CIRS that have operated in primary care for many years, have received a high number of reports and were largely developed in accordance with recommendations found in literature. Although primary care in Germany differs from other countries, these CIRS could serve as an inspiration for CIRS in German primary care.
Modeling the convective component of the heat flow from a spill fire at railway accidence
Authors: Abramov Yuriy , Basmanov Oleksii , Oliinik Volodymyr , Khmyrov Ihor , Khmyrova Anastasiia
Published: January 2023

A significant number of emergencies that occur in the chemical, processing and transport industries begin with an accidental spill and ignition of a flammable liquid. In this case, the spread of fire to neighboring objects is of particular danger. When developing fire protection measures in areas where flammable liquids are stored, as a rule, heat transfer from a fire only by radiation is taken into account. But in some cases, the convection component of the heat flow can make a significant contribution to the overall heat transfer. Ignoring it can lead to an erroneous assessment of the safety of an industrial facility. In the paper, a model of the distribution of velocity and temperature in the upward flow, rising above the spill of a burning liquid, is constructed. The model is based on the system of Navier-Stokes equations, which, by means of simplifications, is reduced to a non-linear second-order differential equation of the parabolic type. The properties of the combustion site determine the boundary conditions of the first kind. In this case, the spill of a flammable liquid can have any shape. The presence of wind is taken into account by introducing a stable horizontal component of the flow velocity.

For the numerical solution of the equation, the method of completed differences is used. The dependence of the kinematic viscosity on the flow temperature is taken into account. An empirical formula is used as the relationship between temperature and speed. It is shown that the presence of wind leads to an inclination of the ascending flow. The angle of inclination is not constant and increases with distance from the combustion source due to a decrease in speed and cooling of the flow. An estimate of the coefficient of convection heat transfer convection of the tank wall with ascending flows over the combustion source is constructed. It is shown that the coefficient of convection heat transfer increases with increasing wind speed
Biobanks as an important tool in modern translational oncology
Authors: Petersen Elena , Chudakova Darya , Shabalina Evgeniya , Shiryaev Artem , Sukortseva Nataliya , Zhemerikin Gleb , Karalkin Pavel , Reshetov Igor
Published: January 2023

The creation and use of biobanks is an actively growing field that plays an important role in the development of many branches of biotechnology and biomedicine, including oncology and translational medicine. In this review, based on the analysis of more than 80 Russian and foreign publications, we describe the current state of biobanking and its future perspectives. The diversity of biobanking and the problems arising from it, including the limits of applicability to different types of research, as well as the prospects for development are discussed. The role of biobanks in the study of malignant neoplasms, including rare/orphan diseases, and in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, personalised medicine and pre-clinical screening studies, are highlighted.
Scientific collections of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg
Authors: Abramov Alexei , Voyta Leonid , Kijashko Pavel
Published: January 2023

The Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St Petersburg is one of the oldest biological research institutions in Russia, housing the largest zoological collections in the country, both in terms of their size (number of specimens) and global diversity. It is also one of the largest zoological depositories in the world, with over 60 million specimens in its stores. In total, the Zoological Institute holds about 260,000 animal species, about a quarter of the world’s known diversity. The type collection includes several tens of hundreds of primary types, which are very important as the essential foundation for zoological nomenclature. The digitisation of scientific collections now plays an important role in ensuring the standardised accumulation and use of various data sets, as well as quick access to stored information. The digitised scientific collections of the Zoological Institute are published online for the public access. To date they have accumulated 146,695 taxa records and over 13,000 high quality images of invertebrate and vertebrate specimens and their original data labels. The Zoological Institute is not only a depository of animal specimens important for biodiversity inventories and studies, but also a unique bank of genetic resources of extant/extinct animals which can be studied using modern genetic technologies.
Technological business strategies for environmental sustainability among Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) member states: a bibliometric study
Authors: Rubiano Granada Juan David
Published: January 2023

The implementation of sustainable development within the member states of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC) takes into account business technologies and strategies as key to progress. As such, this paper proposes a methodology for a systematization of the literature that recognizes the importance and growth of the topic over time. It encompasses an analysis of the countries with the greatest scientific output, the most productive authors, and a characterization of the areas and variables researched, as well as some possible future lines of research. The bibliometric analysis was based on a review of 234 scientific papers in the Scopus database. The main results reveal increasing interest in information systems and technologies in relation to environmental problems, with interdisciplinary perspectives to environmental sustainability.
The Pacific Alliance and ASEAN: opportunities and challenges in the strengthening of ties
Authors: Baroni Paola Andrea , Spagnolo Tamara
Published: January 2023

ASEAN countries have a limited impact on the trade of Pacific Alliance (PA) countries, although Chile and Peru have trade agreements with some of them. However, and parallel to an incipient growth in trade flows, there have been initiatives aimed at tightening links, both bilaterally and inter-regionally. The PA has stated its aim, in its Vision 2030, to promote external and inter-institutional relations, including deepening economic–trade cooperation with ASEAN. The objective of this study is to carry out an analysis of the trade and political ties between the Alliance members with the main ASEAN partners—Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore—taking into account the opportunities and challenges that arise. The research is descriptive based on a qualitative methodology that draws on the collection and interpretation of data, mainly secondar. In this regard, the documentary observation and document analysis techniques are used, among others.
Multiferroic Materials
Authors: Saravanan R.
Published: January 2023

The magnetoelectric properties of multiferroic materials have a high potential for applications in the fields of data storage, spin valves, spintronics, memories, sensors and microelectronic devices. The book presents both a detailed literature review of the field, and the experimental results obtained from various characterization and analytical techniques performed on four series of lanthanum orthoferrite type multiferroics. These materials have been used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), magneto-hydrodynamic power generation (MHD), capacitors and energy storage devices in microelectronics, non-volatile magnetic memory devices and ferroelectric random access memories (Fe-RAM).
Human resources for the development of higher education and academic culture of achievement and continuous learning
Authors: Endrawati Titin , Sabirin Sabirin , Deluma Ridwan Yusuf , Imelda Dewi Qomariah , Suluh Siang I.
Published: January 2023

This paper discussed the development of high-endowment resources and academic culture in learning achievement and sustainability. We get the data online and analyze it under a distinctive approach involving data coding systems, in-depth data interpretation, and drawing conclusions that answer problems with high validity. Our data search is specifically for literature released ten years ago because the development of universities with their vital human resources has experienced extraordinary developments in the last ten years. After a series of analyses, interpretations, and discussions, the results include developing university resources and achieving academic results. A sustainable learning culture will only be possible when the university can optimize existing resources: having a culture of increasing success in obtaining specialization makes high career future opportunities and building relationships that lead to career support after getting knowledge in college. Thus, these results benefit similar studies in the future.
FEUPMuseu: Vivências de um estágio académico
Authors: Bittencourt Juliana
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the experiences of an academic internship at the Museum Unit of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP). Besides the critical reflection on the internship activities accomplished at the exhibition programme, particular consideration was given to the museological model assumed by the Museum Unit and its consolidation as a university museum and a service to the FEUP community. This analysis is based on a study on university museums, carried out within the scope of the Masters in Museology at the Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto, centred on questions concerning the functions, challenges and contexts specific to such institutions. The contribution underlines the importance of the academic internship in the training of future museologists
ARAPP: Análisis y Resumen Automático de Políticas de Privacidad
Authors: Alfaro Rodrigo , Venegas René , Bronfman Alan , Valenzuela Miguel , Riff Stephanie , Sologuren Enrique
Published: January 2023

Un derecho fundamental de los usuarios de aplicaciones informáticas es que puedan conocer las políticas de privacidad (PP) que tales aplicaciones establecen, en particular es relevante que conozcan acerca del tratamiento que aceptan sobre el uso de sus datos. No obstante, estas PP son muy extensas y escritas en un lenguaje administrativo-jurídico y comercial, lo que dificulta su lectura y comprensión. El objetivo de este artículo es resumir automatizadamente las PP de cinco aplicaciones de redes sociales (Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, Snapchat e Instagram) en español, a través de técnicas extractivas y abstractivas. Para ello se utilizan tres aproximaciones de representación desde el Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural, estas son: Teoría de Grafos, TF-IDF y Gensim. A partir de ellas, se generan automáticamente 15 resúmenes, los que son evaluados por un experto en derecho, para medir la legibilidad y relevancia en base a 20 preguntas confeccionadas por un estudio de la Universidad de Austin, Texas. Por último, a partir de una clasificación de cada política de privacidad, según distintos factores de riesgos, se comprueba que el método Gensim es el más adecuado para la representación y resumen. Además se identifica a Snapchat como la aplicación que mejor cumple dichosfactores.