bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Vitamin D terhadap Indeks Apoptosis pada Penderita Kanker Payudara
Authors: Susanti Melya , Widjaja Sry Suryani , Siregar Denny Rifsal
Published: March 2020

Kanker payudara merupakan penyakit yang paling sering pada pada wanita dan menjadi penyebab kematian terbanyak akibat kanker. Penyebab kanker payudara sangat multifaktorial salah satu yang masih menjadi kontroversi adalah karena defisiensi vitamin D. Peran vitamin D dalam tubuh sangat luas selain menjaga homeostasis kalsium dan fosfat, vitamin D juga berperan sebagai anti kanker melalui mekanisme antara lain, menginduksi apoptosis. Peran vitamin D dalam menginduksi apoptosis pada sel kanker menarik perhatian, karena nilai apoptosis pada sel kanker dapat menjadi indikator untuk memprediksi respon sel kanker terhadap terapi. Tingkat apoptosis dinilai dengan indeks apoptosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh vitamin D terhadap indeks apoptosis pada kanker payudara. Sampel penelitian ini adalah penderita kanker payudara yang baru didiagnosis di Polibedah Onkologi RSUP HAM Medan. Pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D menggunakan metode ELISA dan Indeks apoptosis diperiksa dengan pewarnaan HE menggunakan mikroskop cahaya. Rerata indeks apoptosis pada penderita kanker payudara dengan kadar vitamin D yang sufisiensi lebih tinggi daripada rerata indeks apoptosis pada kadar vitamin D yang insufisiensi dan defisiensi. Simpulan hasil penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan indeks apoptosis yang bermakna antara penderita kanker payudara dengan kadar vitamin yang sufisiensi dan dengan kadar vitamin D yang defisiensi. Rerata apoptosis indeks lebih tinggi pada kadar vitamin D yang sufisiensi.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida pada Tikus dengan Diet Tinggi Lemak
Authors: Ulfa Pritasa Muthia , Alioes Yustini , Putri Biomechy Oktomalio
Published: March 2020

Ekstrak biji melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) mengandung berbagai macam stilbenoid yang dikenal sebagai “Resveratrol Melinjo”. Resveratrol menurunkan trigliserida dengan mengoksidasi kolesterol LDL dan memodulasi metabolisme lipid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak biji melinjo terhadap kadar trigliserida tikus diet tinggi lemak. Penelitian ini berjenis eksperimental murni dengan randomized pre-post test randomized control group design yang terdiri dari 5 kelompok (K-, K+, P1, P2, dan P3). Kelompok P1 diberikan ekstrak biji melinjo dosis 250 mg/kg/hari, group P2 500 mg/kg/hari, dan group P3 2000 mg/kg/hari dimulai dari hari ke-16 sampai akhir penelitian. Trigliserida diukur dengan metode GPO-PAP. Data dianalisis dengan uji paired t-test. Kadar trigliserida pada kelompok K- menurun dari 89,96 mg/dl menjadi 80,66 mg/dl, kelompok K+ menurun dari 90,36 mg/dl menjadi 84,64 mg/dl, kelompok P1 menurun dari 92,9 mg/dl menjadi 76,3 mg/dl, kelompok P2 menurun dari 90,68 mg/dl menjadi 85,22 mg/dl dan kelompok P3 meningkat dari 73,5 mg/dl menjadi 83,4 mg/dl. Uji paired T-test menunjukkan adanya penurunan trigliserida yang tidak signifikan. Simpulan hasil studi ini adalah ekstrak biji melinjo tidak dapat mengurangi kadar trigliserida pada tikus diet tinggi lemak.
Keinginan Berhenti Merokok Pada Pelajar Perokok Berdasarkan Global Youth Tobacco Survey di SMK Negeri Kota Padang
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri , Herman Deddy , Darwin Eryati
Published: March 2020

Remaja menjadi salah satu pengguna rokok dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat hal ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang juga berkaitan dengan kepribadian dan lingkungan remaja. Berdasarkan Factsheet Global Youth Tobacco Survey di Indonesia memaparkan 4 dari 5 orang perokok berkeinginan untuk berhenti merokok. Banyak perokok menyadari risikonya dan termotivasi untuk berhenti merokok, namun mengalami kesulitan untuk berhenti merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keinginan berhenti merokok pada pelajar SMK Negeri di kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan desain penelitian potong lintang. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 166 orang siswa perokok SMK Negeri di Kota Padang pada tahun 2018 dengan menggunakan kuesioner Global Youth Tobacco Survey, berbahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pelajar perokok di SMKN kota Padang adalah 43,10%. Sebagian besar perokok adalah laki-laki. Sebanyak 43,40% siswa mulai merokok pada usia pada kelompok usia 14-15 tahun. Sekitar 64,45% berkeingian untuk berhenti merokok. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat kurang dari separuh siswa di sekolah tersebut merupakan perokok. Ditemukan sebagian kecil siswa perempuan pernah mencoba rokok dan usia terbanyak mulai merokok adalah usia 14-15 tahun. Sebagian besar pelajar perokok berkeinginan untuk berhenti merokok.
Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia coli (E.coli) pada Air Minum di Rumah Makan dan Cafe di Kelurahan Jati serta Jati Baru Kota Padang
Authors: Zikra Wahyu , Amir Arni , Putra Andani Eka
Published: March 2020

Air merupakan komponen yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan, seperti penggunanaan air sebagai air minum. Air minum juga digunakan oleh pedagang makanan. Tingginya kasus diare di Kelurahan Jati dan Jati Baru Kota Padang dapat dipicu penggunaan air minum yang tidak bersih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan adanya kontaminasi oleh bakteri Escherichia coli dalam air minum pada rumah makan dan cafe di Kelurahan Jati dan Jati baru kota Padang. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan perlakuan eksperimental terhadap 16 sampel air minum di Kelurahan Jati dan Jati Baru Kota Padang. Pengambilan sampel secara langsung dengan botol steril. Analisis data dengan menggunakan tabel (Most Probable Number) MPN 5-1-1 dan ditemukannya koloni bakteri Escherichia coli pada sampel air minum. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 13 sampel adanya kontaminasi air terhadap bakteri Coliform dengan indeks MPN didapatkan 3 sampel menunjukkan nilai indeks MPN yang tinggi yaitu: 2 sampel dengan indeks MPN 240/100 ml dan 1 sampel dengan indeks MPN 98/100 ml. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan Mac Conkey Agar ditemukan nya 13 sampel terdapat koloni bakteri Escherichia coli.
Perbedaan Paparan Tungau Debu Rumah dengan Status Rhinitis Alergi Berdasarkan Kriteria ISAAC pada Anak di Dua Panti Asuhan Kecamatan Koto Tangah
Authors: Nova Dwi Fitria , Rusjdi Selfi Renita , Fitri Fachzi
Published: March 2020

Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) merupakan tungau yang berasal dari famili Pyroglyphidae yang hidup bersama debu rumah. TDR memiliki feses yang dapat menimbulkan penyakit alergi yang salah satunya rhinitis alergi. Rhinitis alergi muncul sekitar 15% anak usia 6-7 tahun dan 40% pada 13-14 tahun. International Study of Asthma and Allergies of Childhood (ISAAC) merupakan organisasi dunia yang melakukan studi prevalensi rhinitis alergi dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah distandarisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan paparan tungau debu rumah dengan status rhinitis alergi berdasarkan kuesioner ISAAC pada anak. Penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional study yang dilakukan di Panti asuhan Kecamatan Koto Tangah dari November 2017 sampai Januari 2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Debu tempat tidur diambil dengan vacum cleaner dan dilakukan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner ISAAC. Debu diperiksa di laboratorium Parasitologi Fk Unand. Dari penelitian didapatkan 41 sampel. Famili terbanyak adalah Famili Pyrogliphydae yaitu 34,6% (81 tungau). Individu dengan rhinitis alergi berdasarkan kuesioner ISAAC berjumlah 17 orang (41,5%). Kepadatan TDR pada penderita rhintis alergi yaitu 6.29 tungau dan non rhinitis alergi sebanyak 6.33 tungau. Simpulan adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antarapaparan tungau debu rumah dengan status rhinitis alergi pada anak.
Penggunaan Blok Peritonsil untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pasca Operasi Tonsilektomi
Authors: Kurnia Dedy
Published: March 2020

Tonsilektomi merupakan jenis operasi Telinga Hidung Tenggorokan (THT) yang paling sering dilakukan, terutama pada usia anak-anak. Tonsilektomi dapat menyebabkan daerah orofaring terpapar yang bisa mengakibatkan nyeri karena spasme otot orofaring dan iritasi serabut saraf aferen. Selain nyeri pasca operasi tonsilektomi, pada sebagian kasus juga bisa terjadi perdarahan sekunder sebagai akibat pelepasan mediator selama operasi dan nyeri berlangsung. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah memaparkan beragam teknik blok peritonsil yang biasa digunakan. Blok peritonsil diketahui mampu memblok rangsang nyeri ini hingga 24 jam pasca operasi. Hal ini tergantung dari teknik, jenis obat dan dosis yang diberikan. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya didapatkan kombinasi dari ketamin dengan anestesi lokal untuk blok peritonsil sebagai pilihan terbaik untuk mengurangi nyeri pasca operasi, mencegah terjadinya perdarahan sekunder, mengurangi waktu perawatan pasca operasi dan mempercepat kondisi tubuh kembali normal.
Penatalaksanaan Karsinoma Mukoepidermoid Kelenjar Parotis
Authors: Erindra Adrian , Rahman Sukri , Hafiz Al
Published: March 2020

Angka kejadian tumor kelenjar liur adalah sekitar 3-4 % dari semua tumor di kepala dan leher. Karsinoma mukoepidermoid dapat melibatkan kelenjar parotis. Sering terjadi pada orang dewasa, wanita memiliki risiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki. Metode terapi utama dalam pengobatan karsinoma mucoepidermoid adalah reseksi bedah. Terapi radiasi tanpa kemoterapi telah terbukti efektif sebagai modalitas tambahan terapi setelah terapi bedah. Dilaporkan suatu kasus karsinoma mukoepidermoid pada seorang perempuan usia 18 tahun dengan keluhan bengkak yang mengeluarkan cairan di bawah telinga kiri sejak 10 tahun yang lalu. Pada pemeriksaan histopatologi dikonfirmasi adalah suatu karsinoma mukoepidermoid. Ditatalaksana dengan parotidektomi superfisial dan dilanjutkan dengan ajuvan radioterapi. Karsinoma mukoepidermoid adalah suatu karsinoma pada kelenjar liur dengan gejala berupa benjolan yang dirasakan tanpa gejala. Reseksi bedah adalah terapi utama pada karsinoma mukoepidermoid, radioterapi tanpa kemoterapi adalah terapi ajuvan untuk karsinoma mukoepidermoid.
PERAN OPINI AUDIT SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL, DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU PELAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Azhari Fadhli , Nuryatno Muhammad
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research is to find the role of audit opinion as a moderator of the affect of profitability, firm size, institutional ownership, and audit committee to the timeliness of financial reporting on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2012 to 2016. The population of this research are 133 companies. Sampling method that used in this research is purposive sampling, so that obtained 96 sample companies for 5 years observation (2012 – 2016) with 480 analysis unit. Analysis data technique that used in this research is descriptive statistics analysis dan inferencial statistics analysis with logistic regression method. The hypothesis testing showed that (1) profitability positively affects the timeliness of financial reporting, (2) firm size positively affects the timeliness of financial reporting, (3) institutional ownership does not affect the timeliness of financial reporting, (4) audit committee does not affect the timeliness of financial reporting, (5) audit opinion can not moderate the affect of profitability to the timeliness of financial reporting, (6) audit opinion can not moderate the affect of firm size to the timeliness of financial reporting, (7) audit opinion can not moderate the affect of institutional ownership to the timeliness of financial reporting, (8) audit opinion can not moderate the affect of audit committee to the timeliness of financial reporting.
O PROCESSO DE CONSTRUÇÃO DO NOVO MARCO LEGAL MIGRATÓRIO NO BRASIL: ENTRE A IDEOLOGIA DA SEGURANÇA NACIONAL E O DIREITO HUMANO A MIGRAR
Authors: Baggio Roberta Camineiro , Sartoretto Laura Madrid
Published: March 2020

No Brasil, desde os anos 80, se mantiveram vestígios de legislações autoritárias, como é o caso do Estatuto de Estrangeiro, que tinha fundamento no paradigma da segurança nacional e da proteção do mercado de trabalho interno e que, mesmo tendo se tornado anacrônico com a aprovação da Constituição de 1988, produziu efeitos no ordenamento jurídico por 37 anos. Em 2017, finalmente, o referido Estatuto foi revogado pela aprovação da nova Lei de Migração. Apesar da história que precedeu a aprovação do novo marco regulatório, marcada pela construção democrática de propostas feitas pela 1ª COMIGRAR (Conferência Nacional sobre Migrações e Refúgio) e consolidadas por uma comissão de especialistas, constituída em 2013, as alterações sofridas ao longo do processo de tramitação na Câmara de Deputados, deixaram o texto final muito similar a um projeto de lei mais antigo, afastando-se consideravelmente da proposta de promoção e proteção dos direitos humanos dos migrantes produzida pela referida comissão. Ademais, as negociações que envolveram o processo de votação; os vetos realizados pelo poder executivo (aprovados pelo Congresso Nacional) e, ainda, o decreto regulamentador expedido pela presidência da república; fizeram com que a nova Lei ficasse muito aquém das expectativas da sociedade civil envolvida com o tema. Esse artigo se propõe a fazer uma reconstrução histórica do processo de consolidação do novo marco legal problematizando os motivos pelos quais o texto aprovado pelo Congresso Nacional não obteve sucesso em suprimir as marcas ideológicas da segurança nacional alçando o Brasil a uma concepção de migração como um direito humano fundamental.
OS EFEITOS NEGATIVOS DA CORRUPÇÃO NAS INSTITUIÇÕES PÚBLICAS E NO REGIME DEMOCRÁTICO
Authors: Fockink Caroline
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo científico busca a responder o problema: quais as consequências da corrupção nas instituições públicas e no regime democrático? Para se alcançar a resposta, este estudo propõe três objetivos específicos, abordados respectivamente em três partes. O primeiro é o de demonstrar a importância de as pessoas confiarem nas instituições públicas, que devem espelhar o primado da lei, compreendido como sendo o propósito de sua criação para atender as necessidades públicas, demandas sociais, agindo com probidade. Na segunda parte, o objetivo é analisar a ocorrência da corrupção na esfera pública e as consequências que esta causa justamente na confiança que a sociedade deve ter nas instituições públicas. Finalmente, na terceira parte, o objetivo é demonstrar os efeitos que a corrupção pública traz na qualidade do regime democrático, impactando negativamente na legitimidade deste. A democracia exige altos níveis de confiança pública nos mecanismos institucionais, e quando a corrupção destrói a confiança que a sociedade deveria ter nas instituições, afeta, como consequência, a qualidade do regime democrático e o apoio que os indivíduos devem ter nele. A corrupção também diminui a adesão ao regime, e, principalmente, estimula a aceitação de escolhas autoritárias que podem até converter-se em alternativas contra o regime em situações de crise. O método de abordagem adotado no seu desenvolvimento é o dedutivo. O método de procedimento é o histórico-crítico e em termos de técnica da pesquisa, utilizou-se documentação indireta, com consulta em bibliografia de fontes primárias e secundárias.
Structure Evolution of Organic Compounds in Shale Plays by Spectroscopy (1H & 13C−NMR, XPS, and FTIR) Analysis
Authors: Lee Hyeonseok , Oncel Nuri , Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza , Ostadhassan Mehdi , Liu Bo , Varma Rajender S.
Published: March 2020

Amorphous organic matter in geomaterials also known as kerogen undergoes significant alteration in chemical structure during thermal maturation which is characterized using a combination of solid−state 1H & 13C−NMR, X−ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques.
Solvent- and catalyst-free aza-Michael addition of imidazoles and related heterocycles
Authors: Kodolitsch Katharina , Gobec Florian , Slugovc Christian
Published: March 2020

This work demonstrates the scope and limitations of the aza-Michael addition of imidazoles and related heterocycles with electron deficient olefins under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions. The reaction proceeds at 80°C within hours towards completion as long as the azole derivative is sufficiently soluble in the Michael acceptor, which has been used in small excess. Workup only comprises evaporation of surplus Michael-acceptor and no additional solvents are necessary for purifying the products.
Developing an Amorphous Kerogen Molecular Model Based on Gas Adsorption Isotherms
Authors: Lee Hyeonseok , liu kouqi , Shakib Farnaz A. , Bubach Bailey , Ostadhassan Mehdi
Published: March 2020

(1) Development of molecular models based on Bakken kerogen experiments using molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics software.

(2) CO2 and N2 gas molecules adsorption simulation on the models was a good agreement with experiments.
Comparative Characteristics of Professional Accounting Judgments Classification Features
Authors: Zimina E. V. , Frolova O. A.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of forming a unified conceptual model for the application of professional accounting judgment. The model takes into account not only the concept, but also the prerequisites, conditions of application and the process of judgment developing along with non-standard situations on which an accountant can express his competent opinion. The methodological framework of the study is based on the scientific developments of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the classification of professional accounting judgments and their comparative characteristics. The research methodology provides for the systematization of types of accounting judgments that affect the financial and economic activities of the organization. The result of the research is the development and justification of the author’s classification of accounting judgments singling out such classification features as organizational and legal form of a business, type and scope of economic activity, financial condition and accounting standards applied, which makes it possible to determine the purpose of professional judgment of an accountant. The further specification of classes and the development of classification features of professional accounting judgment will result in perceiving this category not only as a tool for solving applied accounting problems, but also as a conceptual platform built into the structure of accounting theory. The proposals based on the study are intended for effective use of accounting judgments as a comparatively new accounting and reporting tool to generate accounting and analytical information by the specialists of accounting departments of different organizations. The system of classification decisions will most fully define the role and designation of accounting judgments in accounting practice.
Utility-Aware Graph Dimensionality Reduction Approach
Authors: Al-Omairi Lamyaa , Abawajy Jemal , Chowdhury Morshed
Published: March 2020

In recent years graphs with massive nodes and edges have become widely used in various application fields, for example, social networks, web mining, traffic on transport, and more. Several researchers have shown that reducing the dimensions is very important in analyzing extensive graph data. They applied a variety of dimensionality reduction strategies, including linear methods or nonlinear methods. However, it is still not clear to what extent the information is lost or preserved when these techniques are applied to reduce the dimensions of large networks. In this study, we measured the utility of graph dimensionality reduction, and we proved when using the very recently suggested method, which is HDR to reduce dimensional for graph, the utility loss will be small compared with popular linear techniques, such as PCA, LDA, FA, and MDS. We measured the utility based on three essential network metrics: Average Clustering Coefficient (ACC), Average Path Length (APL), and Average Betweenness (ABW). The results showed that HDR achieved a lower rate of utility loss compared to other dimensionality reduction methods. We performed our experiments on the three undirected and unweighted graph datasets.
A Study of Update Methods for BoND-Tree Index on Non-ordered Discrete Vector Data
Authors: Cherniak Ramblin , Zhu Qiang , Pramanik Sakti
Published: March 2020

There is an increasing demand from numerous applications such as bioinformatics and cybersecurity to efficiently process various types of queries on datasets in a multidimensional Non-ordered Discrete Data Space (NDDS). An NDDS consists of vectors with values coming from a non-ordered discrete domain for each dimension. The BoND-tree index was recently developed to efficiently process box queries on a large dataset from an NDDS on disk. The original work of the BoND-tree focused on developing the index construction and query algorithms. No work has been reported on exploring efficient and effective up- date strategies for the BoND-tree. In this paper, we study two update methods based on two different strategies for updating the index tree in an NDDS. Our study shows that using the bottom-up update method can provide improved efficiency, comparing to the traditional top-down update method, especially when the number of dimensions for a vector that need to be updated is small. On the other hand, our study also shows that the two update methods have a comparable effectiveness, which indicates that the bottom-up update method is generally more advantageous.
An Integrated Framework for Friend Recommender System based on Graph Theoretic Approach
Authors: Ganguli Runa , Mehta Akash , Debnath Narayan , Aljahdali Sultan , Sen Soumya
Published: March 2020

Study of relationships established in social media is an emerging area of research. Online Social Network (OSN) is a collection of social entities carrying a lot of information that enriches the network. A structured modelling of the OSN dataset is required for informative knowledge mining and efficient Social Network Analysis (SNA). Graphical representation of data helps in analysing the structural properties, study of dense substructure, cluster formation and identifying the numerous types of entities exhibiting associations based on different activity fields. This paper discusses about various ways of graph theoretic representations of OSN including structure-based and content or interaction-based approaches. An integrated framework is proposed in this paper that learns from various user attributes and its associated interactions, network structure, timeline history, etc from a polarized OSN Graph for generating an efficient Friend Suggestion Recommender System.
Pavement Crack Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Sheta Alaa , Turabieh Hamza , Aljahdali Sultan , Alangari Abdulaziz
Published: March 2020

Automating the process of detecting pavement cracks became a challenge mission. In the last few decades, many methods were proposed to solve this problem. The reason is that maintaining a stable condition of roads is essential for the safety of people and public properties. It was reported that maintaining one mile of roads in New York City in the USA might cost from four to ten thousand dollars. In this paper, we explore our initial idea of developing a lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN or ConvNet) model that can be used to detect pavement cracks. The proposed CNN was trained using the AigleRN data set, which contains 400 images of road cracks of 480×320 resolution. The proposed lightweight CNN architecture performed a better fitting to the image data set due to the reduction in the number of parameters. The proposed CNN was capable of detecting cracks with a various number of sample images. We simulated the CNN architecture over different sizes of training/testing (i.e., 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30) data sets for 11 runs. The obtained results show that 90/10 data division for training and testing is outperformed other categories with an average accuracy of 97.27%.
A Framework for Word Segmentation in Images using Density-based Clustering
Authors: Guo Hui , Ding Qin
Published: March 2020

Word recognition is to identify words in images of printed or handwritten documents. It is especially challenging to recognize words from cursive handwriting documents. In this paper, we present a framework of using density-based clustering for word segmentation in printed or handwritten documents, including cursive handwriting. First, we performed various strategies for data preprocessing, including converting images to B/W images, adjusting the tilted images, and removing the background noises. K-means clustering and/or neighborhood density are used in finding parameters for the preprocessing steps. The preprocessing has shown to be very effective. For the word segmentation, we proposed density-based clustering to segment the words using multiple steps, including blurring, plotting, and clustering. We also developed a system for the framework, including preprocessing and clustering functionalities. Our approach works very well for printed documents. It works reasonably well for handwriting documents if words are relatively far from each other. The performance on handwriting documents can be further improved by using line segmentation.
Implementing Timed Petri net for Modeling and Simulation in Card Gameplay
Authors: Hope Garrett , Brodhead Paul , Kim Seung-yun
Published: March 2020

Petri nets (PNs) are a form of directed graph that can be used to model and simulate systems. They are very useful tool for developing and analyzing algorithms, prior to implementation. Adding the component of time, allows for systems with prioritized actions to be modeled more effectively. This paper assesses a Texas Hold’em algorithm using Petri nets and uses them to develop an improved version of this algorithm. Both are implemented in Python scripts to obtain the results to show which is more effective.
Predicting Cerebral Aneurysm Rupture by Gradient Boosting Decision Tree using Clinical, Hemodynamic, and Morphological Information
Authors: Haruhara Toshiyuki , Ohgi Hideto , Suzuki Masaaki , Takao Hiroyuki , Suzuki Takashi , Fujimura Soichiro , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Yamamoto Makoto , Murayama Yuichi , Ohwada Hayato
Published: March 2020

Stroke is a serious cerebrovascular condition in which brain cells die due to an abrupt blockage of arteries supplying blood and oxygen or when a blood vessel bursts or ruptures and causes bleeding in the brain. Because the onset of stroke is very sudden in most people, prevention is often difficult. In Japan, stroke is one of the major causes of death and is associated with high medical costs; these problems are exacerbated by the aging population. Therefore, stroke prediction and treatment are important. The incidence of stroke may be avoided by preventive treatment based on the patient’s risk of stroke. However, since judging the risk of stroke onset is largely dependent upon the individual experience and skill of the doctor, a highly accurate prediction method that is independent of the doctor’s experience and skills is necessary. This study focuses on a predictive method for subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is a type of stroke. LightGBM was used to predict the rupture of cerebral aneurysms using a machine learning model that takes clinical, hemodynamic and morphological information into account. This model was used to analyze samples from 338 cerebral aneurysm cases (35 ruptured, 303 unruptured). Simulation of cerebral blood-flow was used to calculate the hemodynamic features while the surface curvature was extracted from the 3D blood-vessel-shape data as morphological features. This model yielded a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.83.
Reducing error propagation for long term energy forecasting using multivariate prediction
Authors: Selim Maher , Zhou Ryan , Feng Wenying , Alam Omar
Published: March 2020

Many statistical and machine learning models for prediction make use of historical data as an input and produce single or small numbers of output values. To forecast over many timesteps, it is necessary to run the program recursively. This leads to a compounding of errors, which has adverse effects on accuracy for long forecast periods. In this paper, we show this can be mitigated through the addition of generating features which can have an “anchoring” effect on recurrent forecasts, limiting the amount of compounded error in the long term. This is studied experimentally on a benchmark energy dataset using two machine learning models LSTM and XGBoost. Prediction accuracy over differing forecast lengths is compared using the forecasting MAPE. It is found that for LSTM model the accuracy of short term energy forecasting by using a past energy consumption value as a feature is higher than the accuracy when not using past values as a feature. The opposite behavior takes place for the long term energy forecasting. For the XGBoost model, the accuracy for both short and long term energy forecasting is higher when not using past values as a feature.
Age-group Classification Using 3DHOG Descriptor Applied to Depth Maps
Authors: Mansouri Nabila , Bougueddima Hana , Ben Jemaa Yousra
Published: March 2020

Age estimation has lots of real-world applications, such as security control, biometrics, customer relationship management, entertainment and cosmetology. In fact, facial age estimation has gained wide popularity in recent years. Despite numerous research efforts and advances in the last decade, traditional human age-group recognition with the sequence of 2D color images is still a challenging problem. The goal of this work is to recognize human age-group only using depth maps without additional joints information. As a practical solution, we present a novel representation of global appearance of aging-effect such as wrinkles’ depth. The proposed framework relay, first-of-all, on an extended version of Viola-Jones algorithm for face and region of interest (most affected by aging) extraction. Then, the 3D histogram of oriented gradients is used to describe local appearances and shapes of the depth map, for more compact and discriminative aging effect representation. The presented method has been compared with the state-of-the-art 2D-approaches on public datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves a better and more stable performances.
Cuadro de mando integral en el sistema de parqueo regulado
Authors: Vargas Sánchez Mesías Gabriel , Tutin Navas Claudio Homero
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de la investigación sobre el cuadro de mando integral como herramienta en la productividad, es dar a conocer la importancia que tiene dentro del Sistema de Parqueo Regulado, de esta forma lograr un mayor crecimiento de la institución mejorando cada uno de los procesos; se partió de una investigación exploratoria, con la finalidad de indagar y comprender el problema poco o nada conocido, y luego describir el comportamiento del mismo dentro de su propio contexto, e identificar la incidencia de la variable independiente sobre la dependiente, se aplicó una encuesta al personal administrativo y operativo del Sistema de Parqueo Regulado de la Dirección de Tránsito, Transporte y Movilidad, del GAD Ambato, esta técnica fue validada por medio del método de Alpha de Cronbach en el Programa SPSS, se utilizó el método Pearson con el propósito de alcanzar un mayor resultado, se operacionalizó las variables, en donde se consideraron los ítems básicos de la investigación, todo este proceso permitió llegar a las mejores conclusiones y recomendaciones, y una de las principales fue la de diseñar el Modelo de Gestión del Cuadro de Mando integral que permita mejorar la productividad en el SIMERT, tratando de mejorar y fortalecer los procesos administrativos y financieros del departamento y alcanzar la eficiencia, eficacia y evidencia y sobre todo la satisfacción de los clientes.
Aplikasi Bakteri Endofit dan Mikoriza Terhadap Kandungan Unsur N, P dan K pada Pembibitan Tanaman Lada
Authors: Hazra Fahrizal , Gusmaini Gusmaini , Wijayanti Devi
Published: March 2020

Aplikasi formula bakteri endofit dan mikoriza diharapkan mampu memperbaiki kualitas pembibitan pada tanaman lada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh formula bakteri endofit dan mikoriza terhadap serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanah Podsolik Jasinga serta pertumbuhan lada pada fase pembibitan. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan ulangan. Formula bakteri endofit jenis (B2), (B3) dan tanpa bakteri (B0) sebagai faktor pertama. Mikoriza dengan tiga taraf yakni tanpa mikoriza (M0), 10 g tanaman-1 (M1) dan 20 g tanaman-1 (M2) sebagai faktor kedua. Perlakuan yang diuji sebanyak 9 kombinasi dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali, sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Setiap ulangan diwakili 5 tanaman, sehingga terdapat 135 tanaman. Secara umum formula bakteri endofit jenis B2 dan mikoriza 10 g tanaman-1 (M1) lebih baik dalam meningkatkan fase vegetatif tanaman lada.
Incidencia del maltrato prenatal en el desarrollo infantil: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Calle Diego Alejandro , Rincón Restrepo Isabel Cristina , Marín Valencia Kelly Tatiana
Published: March 2020

El artículo evidencia el estado del arte de las investigaciones sobre el maltrato prenatal y su incidencia en las dificultades del desarrollo infantil. A través de una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos sobre tópicos como el maltrato en la etapa gestacional, factores de riesgo de la violencia fetal, vínculo materno-infantil y las implicaciones en el desarrollo, identificando las consecuencias e implicaciones que estos acarrean en la vida del infante, obteniendo como resultado que aquellas víctimas de algún tipo de maltrato en el período  gestacional, presentan modificaciones en la estructura de la corteza, bajo peso al nacer, prematuridad, muerte fetal y perinatal, depresión, estrés, ansiedad y concepto negativo de sí mismo; además de trastornos externalizantes como déficit de atención e hiperactividad, agresión y desadaptación social, los cuales influyen de manera significativa en el desarrollo integral desde los primeros años hasta la adultez.
Structural-morphometric analysis of Kremenets Mountains (part 1)
Authors: Bermes Andrii
Published: March 2020

The geomorphological structure and the morphometric features are characterized, the structural-morphometric constructions of the territory of the Kremenets Mountains are conducted and analyzed. The multi-order maps of the baseline and vertex surfaces, the residual relief, and the local erosion are created with the help of the software called AcrGis. The features of the geomorphological structure and the stage of the relief development are determined. Some regularities in the distribution of the morphometric indicators of the different parts of the Kremenets Mountains are revealed. Twelve morphometric different-genetic and different-order maps are constructed, and the surface of the top, baseline, residual and erosion relief are made and analyzed in accordance with the hypsometric and morphometric characteristics for this analysis. The method of the constructing of the map models for the structural and the morphometric analysis are presented. The comparison of vertices and bases of different order, as well as vertex – basal surfaces are analyzed, which allowed revealing the latest and modern movements of the earth's crust, the quantitative estimation of the amplitude of the vertical movements. The altitude differences in the characteristics of model comparisons are presented. The analysis and the comparison of the models allowed establishing the nature of the latest movements, the ratio of the denudation and the accumulation, the intensity of the erosion processes of the formation of the different stages of the investigated territory. The maps of the apex, basal, residual, erosion relief, which are created, serve as a basis for the comparison of the different top and base surfaces and the single-row top-base surfaces with the linear and the annular tectonic structures (the analysis of the latest tectonogenesis) in the future publications. Key words: basic surface, vertex surface, watershed, erosion network, residual relief, local erosion, morphometric analysis, digital terrain model, watercourses order, neotectonic movements, North-Podillia ledge.
Local studies and touristic potential of the Carpathian toponymy
Authors: Dnistryanska Natalia , Dnistryanskyy Myroslav
Published: March 2020

The general features of the toponymy of the Ukrainian Carpathians in the context of the diversity of the region and its placement in the area of intercultural interaction are revealed. The origin and distribution of different types of Carpathian toponyms are analyzed. The perspectives of the use of toponymic analysis in local studies and in the organization of tourism activity are outlined. The conclusion is made that the organization of local lore in the field of geographic carpathology by toponymic method attracts the involvement of a wide range of researchers from outside the institutions and organizations, including teachers, students, and schoolchildren. Тoponymic analysis in regional studies should be carried out taking into account the trends of the course of historical and geographical processes and using the methods of typing toponyms, toponymic zoning and determining the boundaries of the distribution of toponyms of a certain type. The emphasis is placed on the fact that when organizing rural green tourism, field surveys of toponymic features of outskirts of settlements and local population surveys are important for determining the correct pronunciation of place names. Research of the Carpathian Toponymy is one of the methods of local ethnographers’ knowledge of the settlements of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the definition of differences between the traditional economy and the traditional culture of Carpathian ethnographic regions, which is relevant for the needs of ethnographic tourism. A detailed description, typing and explanation of the geographical location of the Carpathian place names are of practical importance not only in tourism but also in the context of restoring historical geographical names or making corrections to their spelling.
Key words: geographical local studies, tourist resources, toponymy, origin and types of Carpathian toponyms, ethnographic and rural green tourism.
Tourist activity of selected students of the Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy (Ukraine)
Authors: Ziółkowska-Weiss Kamila , Podliuk Anastasiia
Published: March 2020

This article is about tourist activity of the selected students of the Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy in Khmelnytskyi (Ukraine). The article discusses topics concerning tourist activity among young people. The empirical research presented in the article has been conducted among selected students of the Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy in Khmelnytskyi in Ukraine at the Department of the Preschool Pedagogy, specialization 014 “Teacher of English and foreign literature”. Tourism is a phenomenon of universal culture, a measure of self-fulfilment of a human being. Almost all of us undertake tourist activity. Increasingly, it is becoming an important and inalienable part of spending free time in contemporary society, influencing the quality, level and lifestyle of the society. The level of this activity depends on numerous factors, including socio-demographic, cultural and economic ones. In the research, the author focused on getting to know the motives for travelling by students, their main purpose of travel, the amount of money they spend on travelling, a company they travel with, means of transport most frequently used for their journeys and whether they use the services of travel agencies while organizing trips. In the conducted research, a survey questionnaire has been applied as one of the marketing research methods. As the conducted research has confirmed, the research group selected by the authors is very active taking into account tourism. The respondents are willing to travel several times a year, organize trips with designated goals (rest, adventure, willingness to learn about culture) and their main motivation for travelling is a desire to relax, experience the adventure and practice sports during the trip. Key word: students, tourist activities, tourism, Ukraine, questionnaire.
Strategic environmental assessment of territory as a component of decentralization (on the example of Lviv region)
Authors: Nazaruk Mykola , Bilaniuk Volodymyr
Published: March 2020

Ukraine has a unique chance during the next 5 years to form a new model of a territorial system based on the strength of the united communities. The greatest achievement of this reform is the ability for communities to plan their own development, transfer of powers and resources to local communities. To a large extent, this relates to the spatial planning system, which obviously needs to be improved in line with European standards, including environmental protection.
The purpose of this article is to consider the geographical aspects of spatial planning of territories in conditions of decentralization and their role in ensuring a high level of environmental protection and promoting the integration of environmental considerations in the preparation and approval of projects and programs to ensure sustainable development of the territory. The author considers strategic environmental assessment as an integral part of decentralization, which focuses on modern concepts of the territorial organization of society, the natural frameworks of ecological safety of territories. The legal aspects of the strategic environmental assessment procedure (SEA) have been analyzed. Strategic environmental assessment is carried out by assessing the environmental protective components and their functions. It contains the characteristics of natural resource potential, the task of environmental protection, the recommendations of environmentally advisable nature management. It is noticed that in each territorial community the main directions of research, depending on the territory of planning, may be varied: removal of technogenic cover and land reclamation, restoration of groundwater level, increase of forest area, reducing pollution of harmful substances, noise, increasing the value of the landscape. Implementation of strategic environmental assessment in the communities of the region is limited: inconsistency of different plans, low level of availability of general plans of settlements, lack of funding, staffing.
Key words: strategic environmental assessment, territorial community, decentralization, spatial development of the territory.
TURN TAKING STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DEBATES
Authors: Dwi Natalia Desi , Subekti Fajar , Mirahayuni Ni Ketut
Published: March 2020

This article reports on two separate studies—Natalia (2019) and Subekti (2019)—on  communication mechanism in political debates. Specifically these studies focus on turn taking strategies adopted in political debates by political figures during their campaign for presidency or in dealing with specific issues. Both studies adopted Stenstrom’s (1994) classification of turn taking strategies which include three main strategies: taking the turn, holding the turn, and yielding the turn, each of which was further specified into more specific strategies. The data were two Youtube videos: first, Trump and Clinton First Presidential Debate 2016 (36 minutes 22 seconds [Natalia, 2019]) and second, BBC World Debate “Why Poverty”November 30,2012 (47 minutes 16 seconds, [Subekti, 2019]). Employing descriptive qualitative, with the aim of analyzing turn taking strategies adopted in the debates, both studies found interesting points: first, Stenstrom’s three strategies appeared in the debates; second, taking the turn strategy was the dominant strategy, followed by holding the turn strategy and the least used one was yielding to turn; and third, interruption which was a specific type of taking the turn strategy seems to be most often used in the debater’s attempt to maintain the turn and present their points and thus dominate the debate.
THE REPRESENTATION OF A POLYNESIAN THROUGH QUEQEEQ CHARACTER IN HERMAN MELVILLE’S MOBY DICK
Authors: Andayani Ambar , Jupriono Jupriono
Published: March 2020

This research applies a literary anthropology approach that focuses the study on the uniqueness of Queqeeq character represented in Moby Dick (Mellvill, 1962). That uniqueness contains physical characteristics as a Polynesian, cultural behavior, belief, and dialect. Queqeeq character is described as a very sober man, consistent in his words and manners, and referring to Polynesid race, with large black eyes, natural dark skin, and unworldly tattoos. Quegeeq is represented as a character of a hard worker, agile, and tough as a seaman in the Pacific ocean. In religion, Queqeeq is described as a primitive ritual-religion person, who is serious in fasting; not to eat and talk in the Ramadan time, prays ritually through a wooden idol, following the ritual-religion custom of Polynesian. Generally, it can be concluded that Melville in Moby Dick (1962) succeeds in representing the specific characteristics of Polynesian culture through character and characterization of Queqeeq
Importancia de la anatomía foliar en la caracterización de Commelinaceae medicinales en la región rioplatense (Argentina).
Authors: Novoa María C. , Arambarri Ana M.
Published: March 2020

Importancia de la anatomía foliar en la caracterización de Commelinaceae medicinales en la región rioplatense (Argentina). En este trabajo se analiza la anatomía de la lámina foliar de: Commelina erecta L. var. erecta f. erecta, Tradescantia fluminensis Vell., Tripogandra diuretica (Mart.) Handlos y T. glandulosa (Seub.) Rohweder. Estas especies americanas, crecen en la región costanera del Río de la Plata (Argentina), donde son usadas como oftálmicas, diuréticas, antirreumáticas, sudoríficas y digestivas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar parámetros micrográficos foliares que permitan establecer caracteres diagnósticos con el fin de profundizar en el conocimiento de estas especies medicinales y obtener una herramienta para asegurar su identidad botánica. Las hojas fueron preparadas mediante técnicas usuales para microscopía óptica y microscopía electrónica de barrido. Mediante análisis histoquímicos se identificaron almidón, sustancias lipofílicas, mucílagos, taninos y sales de oxalato. Se realizó un análisis de los iones de las sales de oxalato con el uso de un microscopio electrónico de barrido, equipado con un espectrómetro de dispersión de energía. Las principales diferencias encontradas entre las especies fueron: estomas hexaperíginos en C. erecta var. erecta f. erecta y tetraperíginos en T. fluminensis y las especies de Tripogandra; margen de la lámina foliar con parénquima en C. erecta var. erecta f. erecta y T. fluminensis y con fibras en las especies de Tripogandra; drusas en el parénquima en empalizada de la lámina en T. fluminensis y el índice piloso.