bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Psychological Distress Among Filipino Americans and Filipinos Living in Urban Areas in the United States and the Philippines
Authors: Serafica Reimund , Fudolig Miguel , Kawi Jennifer , Reyes Andrew Thomas , Leyva Erwin William A. , Sy Francisco S. , Evangelista Lorraine S.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Many Asian immigrants, including Filipino Americans (FilAms), experience psychological distress (PD) due to the challenges in adjusting to their new country and culture. This descriptive comparative study aimed to compare FilAms and Filipinos concerning their levels of PD, sources of stress, and use of health-promotion strategies.

Methods:

Data from 89 FilAms and 95 Filipinos living in urban cities, obtained from the I-HELP-FILIPINOS database, measuring cardiometabolic risks, mental health, and environmental stressors in 2017, including PD, were examined.

Results:

The mean age of all participants ( N = 184) was 44.2 ± 22.8 years old. Both groups rated their health as good to excellent, although Filipinos were significantly more likely to be distressed ( p < .001). Filipinos were also more likely to ascribe stress to employment (48.3% vs. 68.2%, p =.006) and finances (28.1% vs. 52.6%, p <.001) than FilAms.

Discussion:

While both groups shared comparative perspectives on health, FilAms reported lower PD than Filipinos. The most significant source of stress was the country of residence. We recommend tailoring interventions to each local context’s unique social and environmental circumstances.
The Role of Filial Piety in Dyadic Recruitment of Chinese American Parents With Type 2 Diabetes and Their Adult Children
Authors: Doan Therese , Brennan Sumiyo , Kulik Carole , Yoo Grace
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is prevalent among Asian Americans, yet limited health care studies report on the recruitment and retention of this population. This study focuses on recruiting Chinese American dyads for family support of T2D management.

Method:

This is a descriptive study using active and passive recruitment strategies. Dyads consist of parents with T2D and their adult children without diabetes. All materials are culturally tailored and available in Chinese.

Results:

The final sample included 54 dyads. There were characteristic differences among parent participants in English language proficiency and education levels. Filial piety manifested as respect and care for one’s parents among Chinese American families contributed to recruitment success.

Discussion:

This article shares strategies for recruiting Chinese American dyads to explore family support dynamics for T2D self-management. The findings potentially add to current knowledge about culture, nursing, and health care.
The Effect of Risk Propensity on Family–Work and Work–Family Conflicts in Jordanian Nurses: Does Gender Matter?
Authors: Al-Hammouri Mohammed Munther , Rababah Jehad A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Work and family duties may be in conflict, which can cause a problem faced by nurses and lead to significant physical and mental health risks. This study examined whether gender moderated the relationship between risk propensity with work–family and family–work conflicts in Jordanian nurses.

Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from 206 nurses currently employed in two major referral hospitals. Data analysis was performed using the Macros process and correlations.

Results:

The bivariate correlations showed that family–work conflict was significantly correlated with depression, stress, and risk propensity. Work–family conflict was only correlated with depression and stress. Macros process results showed that gender moderated the relationship between risk propensity and family–work conflict. These results showed that the risk propensity significantly affected family–work conflict in male but not female nurses.

Discussion:

The results showed that gender moderated the relationship between risk propensity and family–work conflict but not between risk propensity and work–family conflict.
Customizing Health Recommendations About Physical Activity During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study Among Practitioners in France
Authors: Schuft Laura , Sauvegrain Priscille , Delotte Jérôme
Published: March 2023

While studies have long shown the beneficial health effects of physical activity during pregnancy, such recommendations have been rarely analyzed in terms of how practitioners adapt such health messages to patients’ social profiles. The present study sought to apprehend the logics underlying practitioner (non)recommendations of physical activity and exercise during pregnancy, and how these were associated with social distinctions made between patients. Semi-directive interviews were conducted with 20 midwives and 17 gynaecologists and obstetricians in south-eastern France. Based on thematic analyses, the results show how recommendations draw from both medical and social knowledge, mobilizing social representations regarding physical activity, (non)normative bodies and othered social categories of class, ethnicity or obesity. The othering processes reiterate gendered social hierarchies as well as moral orders surrounding normative bodies and health-enhancing behaviours. The findings demonstrate how social hierarchies and beliefs intertwine with public health discourses about the body and health-enhancing practices, suggesting directions for reducing their impact in contexts of medicine and health.
Reporting Rape: Stigmatizing Reactions to Survivors Who Seek Accountability
Authors: Maryn Alyssa Glace , Dover Tessa L.
Published: March 2023

Rape survivors face stigma when disclosing their experiences. We hypothesized that a rape survivor who formally reports their rape would experience more stigma than one who does not, and that this effect will be stronger when the perceiver is a man or low in support for sexual consent. Across two studies using self-report, observational, and psychophysiological measures, we found that a reporting survivor was seen more negatively than an identical survivor who did not report their rape. Men and those low in support for sexual consent also responded more negatively to the survivor. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Negotiating Multiple Spatialities: Geographies of Youth Educational Subjectivity
Authors: Kettunen Marika
Published: March 2023

This article examines the spatial dynamics of youth educational subjectivity formation. Drawing on qualitative interviews conducted in sparsely habited northern Finland, the article focuses on the experiences of 15–16-year-old young people making choices regarding post compulsory education. Employing a sociospatial-relational framework, the paper explores how youth educational subjectivities are constructed in relation to educational policy discourses and structural opportunities, as well as young people’s own imaginaries of life and education in specific places. In attending to spatiality in a regional context, the analysis brings into view multiple spatialities that are present when young people are making choices regarding education and mobility. The article concludes that the formation of young people’s educational subjectivity is best understood as a relational process that is inherently a sociospatial one.
Actinomycotic primary canaliculitis: Predisposing factors, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes
Authors: Ding Jingwen , Zhang Yang , Feng Hui , Sun Hua
Published: March 2023

Objective

Ocular actinomycosis is an uncommon progressive infection. The study aims to investigate the predisposing factors, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of culture-proven cases of Actinomycotic primary canaliculitis.

Methods

Single-center, retrospective, interventional case series. Culture-proven cases of Actinomyces-associated primary canaliculitis diagnosed and treated between January 2017 and December 2021 at the Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University were identified and reviewed for ocular and systemic risk factors, clinical presentations, microbiological profile, treatment modalities and outcomes.

Results

Of the 201 patients diagnosed with primary canaliculitis, 22 (10.9%) were caused by Actinomyces. The mean age at onset of 22 patients (21 women and one men) was 54 years. The lower canaliculus was most commonly involved (54.6%). The most frequent symptom was mattering without epiphora (77.3%) and clinical signs were punctal regurgitation of purulent discharge (100%) and expressible concretions (95.5%). Dry eye co-existed in 77.3% of patients, whereas no obvious systemic factors were found. Among 19 cases (86.0%) of identified Actinomyces species, A. odontolyticus (43.5%) was the predominant causative microorganism. There were 50% of patients with polymicrobial infection and the most common additional bacteria isolated were Streptococcus species. Conservative therapy combining repeated canalicular expression and irrigation with susceptible topical antibiotics achieved complete resolution in 86.4% of patients.

Conclusions

Dry eye was identified in the vast majority of patients with Actinomycotic canaliculitis. Most cases are odontogenic in origin and the infection occurs in immunocompetent individuals. The conservative method combining canalicular expression and irrigation with topical susceptible antibiotics is recommendable as initial therapy.
Issue-adoption and campaign structure in transnational advocacy campaigns: a longitudinal network analysis
Authors: Eilstrup-Sangiovanni Mette , Breen Laura
Published: March 2023

Why do transnational actors choose to campaign on specific issues, and why do they launch campaigns when they do? In this article, we theorize the membership, focus, timing and strategies used in transnational advocacy campaigns as a function of long-standing professional networks between NGOs and individual professional campaigners. Unlike previous scholarship that highlights the role of powerful ‘gatekeeper’ organizations whose central position within transnational issue-networks allows them to promote or block specific issues, we draw on recent work in organizational sociology to bring into focus a wider transnational community of individuals and organizations whose competition for professional growth and ‘issue-control’ is crucial in defining the transnational advocacy agenda. In doing so, we qualify existing notions of agenda-setting and gatekeeping in International Relations (IR) scholarship. To illustrate our theory we use a longitudinal network analysis approach, alongside extensive interviews and analysis of primary non-governmental organization (NGO) sources. Our empirical focus is on transnational disarmament advocacy. However, our theoretical analysis has implications for transnational advocacy more broadly.
In defence of ideological struggle against neocolonial self-justifications: Revisiting Asad's Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter amid the decolonial turn
Authors: Campbell Stephen
Published: March 2023

Over the past decade-plus, there has been a surge in anthropological writing on decolonisation. Yet, whereas mid-twentieth century anticolonial revolutionaries fought to uproot imperialism's extractive political economy, certain contemporary decolonial tendencies give primacy, instead, to asserting cultural/epistemological difference. This shift has motivated pertinent critiques, such as that of Nigerian philosopher Olúfẹ́mi Táíwò, of atavistic conceptions of decolonisation. Táíwò's dismissal, however, of the neocolonialism thesis and his conceptual uncoupling of imperialism's material and symbolic dimensions results in a one-dimensional polemic. What gets lost is the much-needed role of decolonisation as an ideological struggle in mobilising populations against an entrenched neocolonial political economy. With this debate as framing, I propose revisiting Talal Asad's 1973 volume, Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter, published at the height of anthropology's disciplinary anti-imperialism. The book's contributors detail how, amid intensifying anticolonial agitation, interwar anthropologists anxious about cultural change among colonised populations advocated a shift to indirect colonial rule through native elites, rather than an abolition of imperialism per se. While spurning colonialism's earlier assimilationist agenda, anthropological calls to institutionalise cultural differences among colonised populations resonated with an imperialist project of incorporating while subverting anticolonial demands. Amid present-day anthropological discussions around decolonisation, these insights remain relevant. This is because contemporary neocolonial relations operate in a manner akin to indirect colonial rule.
Core competencies in disaster management for social workers in China: A modified e-Delphi study
Authors: Sim Timothy , He Minying
Published: March 2023

A modified e-Delphi study was conducted to identify the core competencies required by social workers for disaster management in China. A list of competencies was compiled through an integrative review and in-depth interviews. We then conducted a three-round e-Delphi survey with 25 experts including social work practitioners and academics, government officials and other professionals. After a 4-month period of data collection and analysis, we proposed a specific social work competence framework for disaster management in the unique context of China.

A total of 87 competencies were identified and categorised into knowledge, values and skills needed for the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery phases of disaster management (a total of 15 categories). Through a further thematic analysis, we identified four interconnected themes related to disaster resilience building and social justice in various phases.

This ground-breaking competence framework can inform Chinese social work practice and training in disaster management, thus enabling social workers to better identify their specific professional roles and tasks in disaster contexts. The framework can also enhance transdisciplinary collaboration among social workers and the various disaster management stakeholders, and can also be of value when developing social work core competencies outside of China.
Is “terminally ill self-killing” suicide?
Authors: Neiders Ivars , Dranseika Vilius
Published: March 2023

When a terminally ill patient kills herself, using a drug prescribed by a physician for this purpose, in bioethical literature this would be described as a case of physician-assisted suicide. This would also be a case of suicide according to the standard account of suicide in the philosophical literature. However, in recent years, some authors have argued that terminally ill self-killing in fact should not be considered suicide. In this paper, we don’t try to address the philosophical merits of such arguments. Instead, we ask whether these considerations align with the way non-philosophers think about suicide. We present empirical evidence from four studies that address different concerns raised about terminally ill self-killing being a suicide. We conclude that the raised concerns cannot be supported by the folk understanding of suicide.
The Effect of Fungicide Distribution in Wood on the Rate of Diffusion in and from Wood
Authors: Rabai Y. Ait , Vergnaud J.M.
Published: March 2023

Pentachlorophenol is one of the oldest chemicals used for protecting wood against fungi. A drawback for this chemical is its potential release in water when the treated wood is in contact with water. A method of impregnation of wood is described, leading to a low amount of PCP in the wood, and with a non uniform concentration throughout the wood and high concentration on the wood surface. The release of PCP in water from wood samples treated in this new way is studied. When these treated samples are in contact with water, two PCP transports are observed: the one with the usual release in the external water, the other with the diffusion inside the wood from the usual surface. In spite of the low amount of PCP in the wood, protection against fungi may be effective, as the release of PCP is thus low. Modelling and experiments are used for treating the problem.
The Effect of Particle-Matrix Interfacial Conditions on the Compressive Elasticity of Epoxy Resins Filled with Untreated Hollow Glass Microspheres
Authors: Palumbo Michel , Tempesti Ezio
Published: March 2023

The Young's moduli of composites made up to 51.5% by volume of hollow glass spheres in an epoxy resin matrix have been measured. The data have been compared with the calculated elastic moduli of a composite where the filler particles act as holes (Sato-Furukawa model). The discrepancy arises from the neglect of particle-matrix interfacial effects.
Effect of Dyeing Process on Optical Anisotropy of Polyester Fibres
Authors: Fouda I.M. , Sherif M. El , Bayoumi O.A.
Published: March 2023

A two beam interferometric technique using a pluta polarizing interference microscope has been used for the determination of the refractive index profiles and the birefringence of undyed and dyed polyester fibres with single and mixture colorants. Diameters and cross-sectional shapes of these fibres were determined from the diffraction pattern of a He-Ne laser beam, incident perpendicular to the fibre axis.
Radiation Induced Graft Polymerisation of Methyl acrylate and 4-Vinyl Pyridine onto Gelatin
Authors: Kaur Inderjeet , Chauhan G.S. , Misra B.N. , Gupta Anita
Published: March 2023

Grafting of methyl acrylate and 4-vinyl pyridine onto Gelatin has been studied in air in aqueous media by the mutual method. Optimum conditions for maximum grafting have been evaluated. Rate of grafting (Rg) was determined as a function of initial monomer concentration. Graft copolymers were characterized by infra red spectroscopic and thermogravimetric analysis. Grafted samples showed a slight improvement in thermal stability. Methyl acrylate was found to be more reactive than 4-vinyl pyridine towards grafting.
Strength Prediction for Mechanical Joints in Laminated Composite Plate Using Progressive Failure Analysis
Authors: Kang Tae Jin , Lee Kyung Woo
Published: March 2023

An investigation into the pinned joint strength of laminated composite plate was performed. Numerical prediction of joint strength using ply material properties and geometrical parameters, such as width and edge distance to hole diameter ratios has been made. Six failure criteria with material properties degradation rules were proposed to model the joint failure behaviour. The technique of progressive failure analysis was used to simulate the ultimate failure load of mechanical joints in laminated composite plate. Numerical results were compared with experimental data. They showed excellent agreement.
EPDM Elastomers as Impact Modifiers for Contaminated, Recycled HDPE
Authors: Tall Stefan , Karlsson Sigbritt , Albertsson Ann-Christine
Published: March 2023

The value of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is lowered if it contains impurities of PP, PS or PET, hut the embrittlement (partial loss of ductility and toughness) that arises when HDPE is blended with these more rigid polymers can be counteracted by the addition of an impact modifier. In this work, two EPDM grades with different monomer compositions have been evaluated as impact modifiers to upgrade recycled HDPE. Both elastomers improved the tensile impact strength and elongation at yield, at the expense of reduced modulus and yield strength. These effects were more pronounced for an amorphous EPDM with 58 wt% ethylene than for a semicrystalline EPDM with 72 wt% ethylene. The reduced impact strength and yield elongation caused by up to 10% polystyrene or PET could be compensated for by adding an amount of amorphous EPDM equal to half the weight of the contaminant polymer.

The effect of EPDM modification on the morphology of the HDPE phase was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal history of the material is shown to be an important factor, influencing the ability of the HDPE to crystallise.
Raman Spectroscopy of Polymers*
Authors: Williams K.P.J. , Wilcock I.C.
Published: March 2023

Raman spectroscopy as a routine analytical method is now coming of age. Advances in Raman technology have meant that robust, user-friendly equipment can be manufactured at a reasonable cost. This article describes these advances as well as providing applications of Raman imaging microscope systems to polymer analysis.
Cure Kinetics and Properties of Oligoether Maleate-Acrylate Coatings I. IR Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Neskorozhennaya G.D. , Zubar G.P. , Kramarenko V.Yu. , Privalko V.P.
Published: March 2023

The cure kinetics of oligoether maleate-acrylate coatings was studied by IR spectroscopy at 413, 433 and 453 K. The efficiency of cure was increased significantly by chemical modification of the oligoether maleate with monocarboxylic fatty acids. The resulting formulations were recommended for use as fast-drying, ecologically pure coatings.
A Visco-Plastic Analysis of Bonded Joints under Complex Loading
Authors: Chiu W.K. , Jones R. , Chao M.
Published: March 2023

Adhesively bonded joints are traditionally designed using a single stress/strain curve to describe the mechanical behaviour of the adhesive. This paper addresses the validity of this assumption, given that the properties of film adhesives commonly used in bonded joints (e.g. FM 73) have been shown to demonstrate significant time dependencies both at room and high temperatures. To this end, a series of finite element analysis were conducted where the time dependent properties of the adhesive were modelled using a unified plasticity theory. The findings of this work show that, when performing certification assessments which require statements on the integrity and the durability of adhesively bonded joints subjected to complex load spectra, it may be necessary to consider an analysis which accounts for both time and load history effects.

It is also shown that, for monotonic loading under constant loading rates, the peak stress strain response of the adhesive in a double lap joint follows the Glinka hypothesis for the notch stress-strain response of metals. However, it is shown that this approximation may not be valid for complex loading spectra.
Fracture Analysis of Delamination Failure in Angle-Ply Elastomer Composites
Authors: Pidaparti R.M.V. , Kakarla V.
Published: March 2023

Fracture analysis of delamination type cracks in angle-ply elastomeric laminates was carried out using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The fracture parameter, tearing energy/J-integral that characterizes delamination failure in elastomer composites was computed from the finite element results of stresses and strains, and compared with existing analytical results using three different methods. The results obtained were validated with existing analytical methods in the literature. Numerical results of stress distributions and J-integral values are presented for various cord orientations and crack sizes. The results presented illustrate that cord-orientation and crack size have a strong effect on the values of tearing energy/J-integral. The results of the stress distributions and J-integral should help to improve our understanding of delamination type failures in elastomeric composite laminates.
New Evidence Supporting the Interfacial Model of Electrically Conductive Polymer Composites. 3. Morphological Study of Polyaniline-Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) Composites
Authors: Tsanov Tihomir , Gospodinova Natalia , Mokreva Pavlina , Terlemezyan Levon
Published: March 2023

A detailed study of the morphological features of polyaniline-poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PANI-EVA) composites is presented. It is shown that their microstructure consists of highly ordered electrically conductive PANI paths embedded in the insulating EVA matrix. Long fibrils of PANI and interconnected fractal-like networks were also observed. It was found that the size of the primary PANI particles was ca. 5–10 nm. A spontaneous flocculation of these particles contributed to the formation of conductive pathways at extremely low percolation thresholds (Φc) (loading level ca. 0.005 wt. fraction). The sizes of the PANI domains varied during storage of the films and a key property of the conductive constituent (the PANI phase) was observed, namely a tendency for its solid state rearrangement. This PANI self-organization has been interpreted according to the new interfacial model of polymer composites.
Graft Copolymerization of a Binary Mixture of Methyl-Acrylate and Acrylamide onto Polyamide Films by the Mutual Method
Authors: Kaur Inderjeet , Gupta Anupam , Marina Sister , Misra B.N. , Burman P.B.
Published: March 2023

Graft copolymerization onto polyamide-6,6 film has been studied by grafting a binary mixture of methyl acrylate and acrylamide using gamma rays from a 60Co source as initiator by the mutual method in an aqueous medium. The effect of total dose, concentration of monomer, and amount of water on the percentage grafting (Pg) has been determined. The effect of alcohols of varying chain length on the Pg of the binary mixture has been studied. They all decreased it. However, the mixed solvent system (H2O + alcohol) at certain compositions was found to enhance it. A plausible mechanism for the graft copolymerization of the binary mixture (methyl acrylate + acrylamide) onto polyamide film by the mutual method has been proposed.
The Role of Primary Aromatic Amines in Adhesion in Polyethylene-steel Systems
Authors: Starostina I.A. , Stoyanov O.V. , Bogdanova S.A. , Deberdeev R.Ja. , Kurnosov V.V. , Zaikov G.E.
Published: March 2023

The role of primary aromatic amines (PAAs) in the promotion of adhesion between steel and coatings prepared from high density polyethylene has been investigated. PAAs were shown to interact with steel by a donor-acceptor mechanism. The increase in coating adhesion is realized through chemical and physical bond formation between an adhesive and a substrate with the help of the PAA. The free surface energy of the contact to the metal side of the coatings modified with PAA has been shown to increase in parallel with the increase in adhesion. Acid-base interactions have been found to exert primary control over polyethylene's adhesion to steel.
Culturally Responsive and Indigenous Language Strategies: Findings From a Scoping Review
Authors: Guiberson Mark , Vining Christine B.
Published: March 2023

This scoping review examined the existing research to identify culturally responsive and Indigenous language strategies. A five-stage scoping review methodology was applied to a multiple database search, and a web-based literature review software program was used to organize and review sources, resulting in a total of 33 sources. Data were charted from these sources and 38 culturally responsive strategies and 23 Indigenous language strategies were identified. These strategies, which include the highest strength of strategy codes based on source design qualities, are presented in a preliminary evidence map. There remains a scarcity of culturally responsive and Indigenous language intervention research with Indigenous children. Most of the strategies identified through this scoping review lacked strength to recommend their use universally, but they still may be useful and critically important in meeting the needs of Indigenous children and their families. A discussion on strategies, the Indigenous Connectedness Framework, and an abundance model is provided.
PRMT5/FGFR3/AKT Signaling Axis Facilitates Lung Cancer Cell Metastasis
Authors: Zheng Yonghua , Lu Jingjing , Hu Xiaoyan , Hu Xiaobiao , Gao Xiwen , Zhou Jie
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the function of the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)/Akt signaling axis in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human lung cancer. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression levels of PRMT5, FGFR3, p-Akt, and EMT markers are determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively; the expression and localization of PRMT5, p-Akt, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen are detected by immunofluorescence; the human lung cancer cell proliferation is measured by MTS assay. Results: PRMT5 and FGFR3 are highly expressed in human lung cancer tissues and are closely related to lymphatic metastasis. Moreover, down-regulation of PRMT5 by lentivirus-mediated shRNAs or inhibition of PRMT5 by specific inhibitors attenuates FGFR3 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and lung cancer cell proliferation. Further studies show that silencing PRMT5 impairs EMT-related markers, including vimentin, collagen I, and β-catenin. Conversely, ectopic expression of PRMT5 increases FGFR3 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and EMT-related markers, suggesting that PRMT5 regulates metastasis probably through the FGFR3/Akt signaling axis. Conclusion: PRMT5/FGFR3/Akt signaling axis controls human lung cancer progression and metastasis and also implies that PRMT5 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic candidate for treating lung cancer.
Gamification in Education: Why, Where, When, and How?—A Systematic Review
Authors: Zeybek Nilüfer , Saygı Elif
Published: March 2023

Defined as the utilization of game elements in nongame environments, gamification has been frequently used in education in recent years. The aim of the present study is to summarize the studies previously conducted on the use of gamification in education through a systematic literature review. When the studies conducted in 2000–2021 were examined, four main dimensions came to the fore: (i) the aim of gamification studies, (ii) the learning fields where gamification studies were carried out, (iii) the level of education at which gamification studies were carried out, and (iv) how gamification was integrated into the learning environment. The results showed that gamification is used for various educational purposes, at many learning levels in various environments, and in a wide variety of learning fields. In most of the studies, the positive effects of gamification and its potential to solve problems in education were reported.
Policing Subversion in Post-Napoleonic Europe: Austria and the Greek Revolution of 1821–1830
Authors: Aliprantis Christos
Published: March 2023

This contribution examines the position of the Habsburg Empire vis-à-vis the Greek Revolution of 1821–1830 with a special focus on policing. It suggests that with its undeniable transnational significance and perceived threat against the status quo after 1815, the Greek Revolution pushed the Austrian state to enforce a variety of police measures to contain this alleged threat. These measures ranged from passport and border control directed towards moving Philhellenes, to monitoring Greek refugees and exiles, and using unofficial agents and consuls abroad to gather information on the rebellious Greeks. The article uses the Austrian police policies towards the Greeks as a vehicle to understand more widely how nineteenth-century policing functioned. Based on policing, the paper thus adds to the intellectual and administrative history of modern statehood.
What is a Curriculum Vitae and Why Do You Need One?
Authors: Bergren Martha Dewey , Yonkaitis Catherine Falusi
Published: March 2023

While all nurses likely have a resume, most do not have a Curriculum Vitae or CV. CVs are used to provide a complete picture of your professional history. Resumes are crafted to highlight a candidate’s fitness for a particular position. In contrast, a CV is a complete record of one’s professional career and accomplishments. A CV is a comprehensive document that, along with your education and job history, is a record of all your professional achievements and activities.
Measuring orbital Volume Using Open Source Software and its Application in Orbitozygomatic Fractures
Authors: Narayan Taradevi P. V. , Dhupar Vikas
Published: March 2023

Study Design

Technical note.

Objective

Changes in orbital volume can lead to esthetic and functional complications of the orbit. In this article, the procedure to calculate the orbital volume using the open source software Aliza 3D DICOM is described.

Methods

This article describes the steps to use this novel software. To validate the software, the normal orbital volume was calculated bilaterally on CT scans with normal orbital anatomy. The volumes of unilateral orbitozygomatic fracture cases were compared.

Results

This open source software has easy access. The normal orbital volume calculated using this software was 24.4 cc ± 0.72. In the unilateral orbitozygomatic fracture cases, an increased orbital volume was calculated.

Conclusions

This easy access, inexpensive, and convenient computer aided software can be used to calculate orbital volume facilitating treatment plan for correction of the orbit volume.
The Relationship of Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Performance: A Bibliometric Overview
Authors: Sharma Deepa , Chakraborty Suman , Rao Ashwath Ananda , Lobo Lumen Shawn
Published: March 2023

Corporate social responsibility and its relationship with firm performance have been the focus of studies concerning the area of social responsibility of companies over the last four decades. The area has undergone significant progressions and shifts over time. There is a tremendous interest among the researchers in analyzing the relationship between corporate social responsibility and firm performance, as evident by the increasing surge in the research publications in this domain, especially since 2010. This study intends to highlight the knowledge expansion and research dispersion in the broad area concerning corporate social responsibility and its effect on firm performance. For this purpose, the research articles published in the Scopus database from 1987 to 2021, covering 34 years, have been taken to perform a bibliometric analysis. The study explains the descriptive trend of research publications focusing on performance indicators and uses a thematic evolution tool to highlight the major themes. The results of the bibliometric studies reveal that the focus of research encompasses the dimensions of sustainability, strategic management, institutional pressures, disclosure, and corporate social responsibility reporting. Based on these dimensions, the paper presents insights into the existing studies and offers the scope for future research.
Patient Factors Associated with Increased Cancer Worry, Fatigue, and Impact on Work Following a Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Voineskos Sophocles H. , Gallo Lucas , Kaur Manraj , Tsangaris Elena , Griffith Lauren , Nelson Jonas A. , Klassen Anne F. , Pusic Andrea L.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: A breast cancer diagnosis may result in disabling effects which may persist after treatment. The aim of this study was to identify patient factors that are associated with increased cancer worry, fatigue, and impact on work. Methods: Women with a history of breast cancer, aged ≥18 years, and English-speaking were recruited through the Love Research Army between October and November 2019. Participants completed demographic and clinical questions alongside the BREAST-Q Cancer Worry, Fatigue, and Impact on Work scales. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were used to identify participant characteristics associated with each scale. Results: Cancer Worry, Fatigue, and Impact on Work scales were completed by n = 1680, n = 1037, and n = 873 participants, respectively. Most participants were older than 50 ( n = 1,470, 87.5%), married ( n = 1229, 73.2%), white ( n = 1557, 92.7%), and had undergone surgery for cancer treatment ( n = 1,472, 87.6%). Increased Cancer Worry was significantly associated ( P < .04) with younger age, less time since diagnosis, pain related to cancer/treatment, recurrence, prior chemotherapy, and ongoing breast edema. Increased Fatigue was significantly associated ( P < .01) with elevated BMI, less time since diagnosis, ethnicity, employment status, recurrence, prior chemotherapy, ongoing pain, and difficulty sleeping secondary to treatment. Decreased Impact on Work scores was significantly associated ( P < .04) with chemotherapy administration, shorter time since diagnosis, employment, fatigue related to treatment, breast edema, and ongoing pain. Conclusion: This study reveals patient characteristics associated with increased cancer worry, fatigue, and a negative impact on work following a breast cancer diagnosis. These findings can inform clinical and research initiatives to better support patients through treatment and survivorship.
Three-Dimensional Composite Heatmaps of Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis and Deformational Plagiocephaly
Authors: Harrison Lucas M. , Jackson Sarah , Hallac Rami R.
Published: March 2023

Background:

The differentiation of unilateral lambdoid synostosis (ULS) and deformational plagiocephaly (DP) is vital to provide appropriate treatment intervention. Three-dimensional (3D) photo grammetry provides rapid, reproducible image capture without radiation exposure. Advanced analytical methods can help identify distinctive features to differentiate the two craniofacial conditions. This study uses 3D photogrammetry of ULS and DP patients to analyze the global cranial morphology for diagnostic differentiation.

Methods:

A retrospective review of 3D photogrammetry of 19 ULS and 25 DP patients were analyzed. Cranial vault asymmetry index, oblique cranial length ratio, and diagonal difference were measured. 3D photogrammetry-based composites were created and overlaid on age and gender-matched controls to generate heat maps representing morphologic differences in contour.

Results:

Cranial vault asymmetry index and oblique cranial length ratio were significantly different between ULS and DP (0.019; 0.022). 3D photogrammetry ULS composite showed retrusion in the ipsilateral occipitoparietal area, contralateral posterior parietal projection, contralateral frontal projection, relative ipsilateral mastoid bulge, and facial projection. DP composite showed unilateral occipital projection and contralateral anterior projection. The contralateral occipital regions in the occipital and anterior areas remained equivocal to control patients.

Conclusions:

Diagnostic differentiation of ULS and DP has previously relied on observation and linear measurements of cranial asymmetry in a single plane. 3D photogrammetry composites provide a global contour evaluation for diagnosis and longitudinal outcome analysis.
Consensus recommendations on peripheral blood smear review: defining curricular standards and fellow competency
Authors: Chase Matthew L. , Drews Reed , Zumberg Marc S. , Ellis Leslie R. , Reid Erin G. , Gerds Aaron T. , Lee Alfred I. , Hobbs Gabriela S. , Berry Jonathan , Freed Jason A.
Published: March 2023

Graduate medical education training in hematology in North America is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Trainees routinely review peripheral blood smears (PBS) in providing clinical care. Competency in PBS review at graduation is required by the ACGME. However, there are no consensus guidelines on best practices surrounding PBS review, education, or competency. We describe the generation of proposed theory and the consensus recommendations developed through a multi-institutional focus group, developed using constructivist grounded theory and a modified nominal group technique. Eight academic hematologists, spanning classical and malignant hematology, enrolled and participated in 2 one-hour focus groups. All routinely worked with fellows and half had formally instructed trainees on PBS interpretation. Focus group data were analyzed using mixed-methods techniques. Tenets of emerging theory were identified through inductive coding. Consensus recommendations (CR) were generated. Participants reviewed CR in an iterative fashion until consensus was reached. Strong consensus was reached on multiple aspects of PBS education. All agreed that trainees should learn PBS review through a systematic approach. Group discussion focused on disorders of red and white blood cells. The diagnoses of acute leukemia and thrombotic microangiopathies were most commonly discussed, with specific emphasis on disorders in which prompt recognition was required to avert significant patient morbidity. These CR offer external validity to future research and curricular development for both PBS review and other visuospatial tasks in medical education.
Expected reasons for leaving the labour market and loss of paid employment among older workers: prospective cohort study
Authors: Sundstrup Emil , Meng Annette , Skovlund Sebastian Venge , Albertsen Karen , Andersen Lars L.
Published: March 2023

Background

Surveying expected reasons for retirement may be a useful strategy to maintain labor market affiliation. The aim was to investigate the prospective association between self-reported expected reasons for leaving the labour market and subsequent loss of paid employment before the state pension age among older workers.

Methods

The prospective risk of loss of paid employment before the official state pension age was estimated from expected reasons for leaving the labour market among 10,320 currently employed older workers (50–63 years) from the SeniorWorkingLife study. In 2018, participants replied to 15 randomly ordered questions about expected reasons for leaving the labour market and were in 2020 followed in a national register containing information on labour market participation.

Results

Loss of paid employment before state pension age was predicted by expected reasons related to ‘Health, work demands and occupational well-being’: ‘Poor physical health’ (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.45–1.49), ‘Poor mental health’ (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.32–1.40), ‘Not being capable of doing the job’ (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.18–1.22), and ‘Not thriving at the workplace’ (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.11–1.17). Expected reasons related to the possibility of receiving voluntary early retirement benefits also increased this risk. Expected reasons related to ‘Leisure’ (‘Wish for more self-determination’; ‘Wish for more time for hobbies’), ‘Economy’ (‘Economic considerations’; ‘Possibility of receiving pension’), and ‘Norms’ (‘Retirement norms’; ‘To make space for younger employees’) decreased the risk of loss of paid employment before state pension age. Age-stratified analyses revealed that expected reasons related to the domain of ‘Health, work demands and occupational well-being’ predicted risk of loss of paid employment to a greater extent among workers aged 50–55 compared to those aged 56–63.

Conclusions

Expected reasons for leaving the labour market predicted actual labour market participation among older workers in Denmark. Expected reasons related to poor physical and mental health, and not being capable of doing the job seem to be stronger PUSH-factors among workers aged 50–55 compared to those aged 56–63. Preventing early labour market detachment should take the worker’s expected reasons for leaving into account.
The cardiovascular and renal effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in patients with advanced diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Lin Yuan , Wang Te-Hsiung , Tsai Ming-Lung , Wu Victor Chien-Chia , Tseng Chin-Ju , Lin Ming-Shyan , Li Yan-Rong , Chang Chih-Hsiang , Chou Tien-Shin , Tsai Tzu-Hsien , Yang Ning-I , Hung Ming-Jui , Chen Tien-Hsing
Published: March 2023

Background

To determine whether glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have cardiovascular and renal protective effects in patients with advanced diabetic kidney disease (DKD) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min per 1.73 m2.

Methods

In this cohort study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and eGFR < 30 mL/min per 1.73 m2 with a first prescription for GLP-1RAs or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) from 2012 to 2021 (n = 125,392) were enrolled. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the cardiorenal protective effects between the GLP-1RA and DDP-4i groups.

Results

A total of 8922 participants [mean (SD) age 68.4 (11.5) years; 4516 (50.6%) males; GLP-1RAs, n = 759; DPP-4is, n = 8163] were eligible for this study. During a mean follow-up of 2.1 years, 78 (13%) and 204 (13.8%) patients developed composite cardiovascular events in the GLP-1RA and DPP-4i groups, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval CI 0.68–1.13]. Composite kidney events were reported in 134 (38.2%) and 393 (44.2%) patients in the GLP-1RA and DPP-4i groups, respectively (subdistribution HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.93).

Conclusions

GLP-1RAs had a neutral effect on the composite cardiovascular outcomes but reduced composite kidney events in the patients with advanced DKD compared with DPP-4is.
The Mental Imagery for Suicidality in Students Trial (MISST): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of broad-minded affective coping (BMAC) plus risk assessment and signposting versus risk assessment and signposting alone
Authors: Taylor Peter James , Duxbury Paula , Moorhouse Jane , Russell Chloe , Pratt Dan , Parker Sophie , Sutton Chris , Lobban Fiona , Drake Richard , Eccles Steve , Ryder David , Patel Rafeea , Kimber Elizabeth , Kerry Eirian , Randles Nathan , Kelly James , Palmier-Claus Jasper
Published: March 2023

Background

Going to university is an important milestone in many people’s lives. It can also be a time of significant challenge and stress. There are growing concerns about mental health amongst student populations including suicide risk. Student mental health and counselling services have the potential to prevent suicide, but evidence-based therapies are required that fit these service contexts. The Broad-Minded Affective Coping intervention (BMAC) is a brief (6 sessions), positive imagery-based intervention that aims to enhance students access to past positive experiences and associated emotions and cognitions. Pilot data provides preliminary support for the BMAC for students struggling with suicidal thoughts and behaviours, but this intervention has not yet been evaluated in the context of a randomised controlled trial (RCT). The Mental Imagery for Suicidality in Students Trial (MISST) is a feasibility RCT that aims to determine the acceptability and feasibility of evaluating the BMAC as an intervention for university students at risk of suicide within a larger efficacy trial. Key feasibility uncertainties have been identified relating to recruitment, retention, and missing data. Intervention acceptability and safety will also be evaluated.

Method

MISST is a feasibility randomised controlled trial design, with 1:1 allocation to risk assessment and signposting plus BMAC or risk assessment and signposting alone. Participants will be university students who self-report experiences of suicidal ideation or behaviour in the past 3 months. Assessments take place at baseline, 8, 16, and 24 weeks. The target sample size is 66 participants. A subset of up to 20 participants will be invited to take part in semi-structured qualitative interviews to obtain further data concerning the acceptability of the intervention.

Discussion

The BMAC intervention may provide an effective, brief talking therapy to help university students struggling with suicidal thoughts that could be readily implemented into university student counselling services. Depending on the results of MISST, the next step would be to undertake a larger-scale efficacy trial.

Trial registration

The trial was preregistered (17 December 2021) on ISRCTN (ISRCTN13621293) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05296538).