bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Siracusani ad Anfipoli. Considerazioni su un dimenticato evento storico e sul suo possibile impatto nella vita culturale, letteraria e figurativa di Anfipoli
Authors: Corso Antonio
Published: June 2022

The aim of this note is to review the passage of Polyaenus, Stratagemata 5. 2. 12. The seizure of Amphipolis by the Syracusans, narrated by Polyaenus, may have taken place in 388, when Dionysius I sent a war fleet to the northern Aegean Sea. The presence of Syracusans in the city on river Strymon may have had an impact on the cultural, religious and artistic life of Amphipolis. In particular, the kidnapping of Kore by Hades on a carriage driven by only two horses in the mosaic of tumulus Kasta near Amphipolis may be due to this western influence.
Castles, settlements, riverbeds from above – Aerial reconnaissance surveys by Zsuzsa Miklós in the Drava region
Authors: Miklós (†) Zsuzsa , Rózsás Márton , Zatykó Csilla , Kovács Gyöngyi
Published: June 2022

The present study outlines the most important results of the aerial archaeological prospection surveys conducted by Zsuzsa Miklós (1948–2014) in South Transdanubia, with special regard to the fortifications, settlements, and landscapes along the Drava photographed between 2008 and 2013. This is a completed and edited version of the paper left to us from 2014.
Intracoronary thrombus visualized by optical coherence tomography in a patient with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Choxi Ravi , Kabach Mohamad , Patel Dhavalkumar B. , Khan Omer , Abouzaki Nayef , Jovin Ion S.
Published: June 2022

A patient with a history of deep venous thrombosis on warfarin underwent coronary angiography and was found to have a red intracoronary thrombus in the mid left anterior descending artery by optical coherence tomography. Percutaneous coronary intervention was successfully performed. On discharge, the patient continued triple therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and apixaban for 30 days then discontinued aspirin. A hypercoagulable work up was notable for antiphospholipid syndrome and lifelong anticoagulation was recommended. The patient continued apixaban twice daily given recurrent thrombosis while on warfarin and was event free at 6-month follow up.
Psychedelic assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: Recent work and clinical directions
Authors: McCartney Annie M. , McGovern Hugh T , De Foe Alexander
Published: June 2022

Psychedelic substances such as psilocybin and ketamine may represent the future of antidepressant treatment, due to their rapid and prolonged effects on mood and cognition. The current body of psychedelic research has focused on administration and treatment within a psychiatric context. Here, instead, we put to the test the contention that it is necessary to evaluate the current state of this literature from a broader biopsychosocial perspective. Examining these arguably neglected social and psychological aspects of psychedelic treatment can provide a more holistic understanding of the interplay between the interconnected domains. This review of six major clinical trials applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluate the antidepressant effects of psilocybin and ketamine assisted therapy. We conclude that combination psychedelic treatment and psychotherapy facilitate more enduring and profound antidepressant effects than produced by ketamine or psilocybin alone. Emphasising the advantages of therapeutic intervention will encourage those who may attempt to self-medicate with psychedelics to instead seek a framework of psychological support, minimising associated risks of unregulated use.
El «descubrimiento incomparable» de Grundtvig y el debate sobre la autoridad de las Escrituras
Authors: Bravo Nassim
Published: June 2022

En este trabajo analizo el concepto de Iglesia propuesto por el teólogo danés Nicolai Grundtvig (1783-1872) en el documento titulado «Respuesta de la Iglesia». En este texto, publicado en 1825, se critica la teología racionalista de Henrik Nicolai Clausen, particularmente su insistencia en que la Biblia constituye la única fuente válida de la revelación cristiana y que esta debe ser interpretada por exégetas profesionales. En cambio, Grundtvig sugerirá que la esencia de la Iglesia es la congregación que abraza el mensaje de Cristo a través de la aceptación del Credo de los apóstoles, el bautismo y la eucaristía.
Las cinco Conferencias Generales del Episcopado Latinoamericano en su contexto teológico (1955-2007)
Authors: Saranyana Josep-Ignasi
Published: June 2022

Se repasa el medio siglo transcurrido desde la primera Conferencia general del episcopado de América Latina, celebrada en Río, hasta la última de Aparecida. Para facilitar su comprensión, se recuerda el contexto teológico de cada una de las cinco Conferencias y se señala algunas líneas de fuerza de sus Conclusiones. Esas Asambleas episcopales prueban que hay una teología pastoral específicamente latinoamericana. No obstante, si antes había que evitar exageraciones eurocéntricas, ahora toca soslayar un excesivo latinoamericanismo.
Production of peptide-specific antibody against protein P10 of Southern rice black-striked dwarf virus
Authors: Hanh Do Thi , Thu Hang Pham , Thanh Ha Nguyen , Thu Ha Nguyen Thi , Thi Thu Huong Phung , Xuan Hoi Pham , Duy Phuong Nguyen
Published: June 2022

Virus Southern rice black-striked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) disease caused serious damage rice growing areas in Northern and Central Vietnam over the past decade. While the application of SRBSDV diagnostic methods based on the Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was impossible due to technical complexity, simpler SRBSDV diagnostic techniques using specific antibody have not yet been developed in Vietnam. The biggest difficulty right now was the absence of commercial specific antibodies against SRBSDV. To develop diagnostic techniques by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for SRBSDV detection, in a previous study, we created antibodies against SRBSDV from the 66 kDa recombinant SRBSDV protein P10 expressed in E. coli; the obtained antibodies had a titer of 1:5000 dilution. Here, we continued to produce polyclonal antibodies against SRBSDV from small antigenic peptide (PASTTDVTHYGGY) derived from the P10 envelope protein, which was consevative in Vietnamese SRBSDV population. Titer of the purified IgG antibody was exmined using Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) which showed a titer of 1:40000 dilution. The specific binding between anti-peptide IgG antibodies diluted at 1:40000 and the recombinant P10 protein in E. coli extraction was confirmed by using western blotting. In Dot-ELISA, our antibodies could distinguish between the SRBSDV-infected and non-infected rice samples. Our research results open up a new opportunity for developing the rapid diagnosis Southern rice black-striked dwarf virus membrane-type kit in Vietnam.
Genome wide association studies analysis of the natural ability of uptaking the phosphate in Vietnamese rice landraces
Authors: Phuong Nga Mai Thi , Quoc Khang Le , Quynh Anh Chu Thi , Mai Huong To Thi
Published: June 2022

Phosphorus is the one of the most important macro-elements for the growth, development as well as productivity of plants. However, the overuse of fertilizer negatively affects soil and water quality, and the run-out of natural phosphates (Pi). Therefore, it is necessary to study on Pi cycle and find out the way to use Pi efficiently for rice as well as other crops. In this work, genome wide association studies (GWAS) was used to investigate the diversity in uptaking phosphate of 157 Vietnamese rice cultivars in order to find genes involved in this process. Rice plants were grown in sand columns and irrigated with Yoshida nutrient medium every three days during 6 weeks. The experiment was conducted with three repetations in a randomized complete block design. The natural ability of uptaking the phosphate was then quantified and evaluated. GWAS analysis was conducted using the Mix Linear Model that combine both kinship and population architechture of the panel with 6 Principale Component as co-factors. Results obtained from the association mapping revealed a total of 19 important single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), 9 quantitative trait locus (QTLs) and 22 genes. The obtained findings may provide genetic tools for the development of rice varieties which can use phosphate effectively.
Bacterial composition isolated from ulcers “ba dau” of soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) in Nam Dinh farm and characterization of Aeromonas spp. virulence
Authors: Lan Anh Hoang Thi , Linh Bui Nguyen Hai , Dung Nguyen Huu Tuan , Hue Le Thi Thanh , Ha Nguyen Viet , Cuong Luong Minh , Trung Trinh Thanh
Published: June 2022

Pelodiscus sinensis is a widespread species of soft-shelled turtle that is commercially cultured in freshwater and prominently exploited as speciality food in Vietnam. During the cultivation, there are distinctly recurrent epidemic diseases causing economically vast damage for farmers. In this research, we carried out the isolation of microorganisms from typical ulcers “ba dau” presenting on soft-shelled turtle taken in Nam Dinh farm. The samples were inoculated on common media used for bacteria, actinomyces, fungus and yeast. Only bacteria grew on typical culture medium. Fifteen bacterial strains were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. They were belonged to genera such as Acidovorax (n=1), Acinetobacter (n=1), Aeromonas (n=8), Citrobacter (n=1), Chryseobacterium (n=1), Moraxella (n=1), Paludibacterium (n=1) and Parabacteroides (n=1).  In which, eight strains Aeromonas spp. were selected for further research on virulence characterization. PCR results showed that these strains possessed at least 4/7 virulence genes including aer (75%), alt (37.5%), ast (50%), ela (87.5%), exu ( 100%), hlyA (37.5%) and ser (100%). With additional tests, we confirmed the virulent expression by haemolysin (100%), protease (75%), DNAase (75%), elastase (25%) and cytotoxicity (62.5%). These results are scientific basis to establish and develop practical methods for controlling and preventing "ba dau" disease in the soft-shelled turtle in the future.
Characteristics of the nucleotide composition and de novo structure of 28S rRNA gene of intestinal flukes (Echinostomatidae) and genetic distance among species (suborder Echinostomata)
Authors: Thi Khanh Linh Pham , Thi khue Nguyen , Thi Thanh Huong Doan , Hoa Le Thanh
Published: June 2022

The family Echinostomatidae includes four genera, Echinostoma, Hypoderaeum, Echinoparyphium, and Artyfechinostomum, which are of public epidemiological and pathogenic importance. The morphological similarity of species requires differentiating methods, and the use of molecular genetic markers is mainly encountered. The 28S rRNA gene sequence in the family Echinostomatidae is an important marker for the analysis of the interspecies and phylogenetic relationships. However, information about the structure and composition of the complete 28S rRNA gene in Echinostomatidae is limited. In this study, the complete 28S rRNA sequences (3,881–3,883 bp) of four species, including Echinostoma revolutum (designated Erev-MSD15-TH), E. malayanum (Emal-EMI3-TH), E. miyagawai (Emiy-RED11-TH), and Hypoderaeum conoideum (Hcon-RED42-TH) were obtained and analyzed for their genetic characteristics. All had complex secondary structures, containing numerous branches, “hairpins”, and “loops” that provide stability of the rRNA gene. The de novo structural pattern and the "skew" value in the nucleotide use of E. revolutum, E. malayanum, E. miyagawai, and H. conoideum were analyzed. The nucleotide usage of A, T, G, C and A+T and G+C of 28S rRNA in all species of the family Echinostomatidae was similar, in which A and T usage were almost equal, and G and C were slightly different in the range of 7–8%, so the skewness for AT was very low negative value (–0.029 to –0.045), and for GC was not very high (0.163 to 0.172). The genetic distance estimated among strains within a species (intra-specific level) was very low in both the Echinostomatidae (0.05%) and the Fasciolidae families (0–0.03%), and that among different species (inter-specific level) was higher. However, among species in different families (inter-familial level) the genetic distance was highest, at 3.80–4.86%, as seen between Echinostoma and Fasciola species. The 28S rRNA gene dataset obtained from four species of the intestinal flukes (family Echinostomatidae) in this study contribute to the understandings of genetic markers in the suborder Echinostomata for use in diagnostic, phylogenetic, taxonomic, epidemiological, and population genetics studies.
Population genetic diversity of Huperzia chinensis (Herter ex Nessel) Ching. in Northwest region of Vietnam revealed by ISSR and SCcoT markers
Authors: Ngoc Trieu Le , Van Tien Tran , Thai Vinh Tran , Van Duy Nong
Published: June 2022

Genetic diversity of natural Huperzia chinensis population in Northwest region of Vietnam was analyzed based on the DNA fingerprint data induced by ISSR and SCoT methods separately and combined data from both methods. The genetic diversity parameters and genetic distances among individuals based on SCoT technique were higher than ISSR technique [expected heterozygousity (HeS) was 0.2812; Shannon index (IS) was 0.4153; Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPBS) was 75.44%; Genetic similarity coefficients (GSCsS ) were in range of 0.561 - 0.947 with the average value (AGSCS) of  0.758 revealed by SCoT technique compared to HeI was 0.2394; II was 0.3515; PPBI was 60.87%, GSCsI were 0.551 - 0.986 and AGSCI was 0.860 revealed by ISSR technique. Combined data showed that genetic diversity level of investigated population (He was 0.2583; I was 0.3804; PPB was 67.46%, higher than genetic diversity level of Huperzia serrata population in the same distribution area which was previously evaluated by the same markers. Combined data also indicated the genetic similarities among individuals (GSCs) were 0.579 - 0.960 with the average (AGSC) of 0.814. ISSR method reflected more loci in the investigated plants than SCoT method but SCoT method could differentiate the tested samples better and reflects genetic diversity at higher level than ISSR method.
Optimization of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure for an indica rice variety-Khang Dan 18
Authors: Phuong Thao Bui , Thi Linh Nguyen , Van Manh Nguyen , Khanh Linh Ly , Hoang Ha Chu , Tien Phat Do , Bich Ngoc Pham
Published: June 2022

In addition to traditional methods, advanced biotechnologies, especially CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, have emerged as effective tools for improving important agronomic traits in rice. However, the critical step for utilizing these systems is to develope an effective system for rice transformation and regeneration. This study was performed to establish procedures for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration of rice cultivar Khang Dan 18 (KD18) – a popular indica variety in the North of Vietnam. The tissue cultures procedure with optimized medium compositions showed high frequencies of callus induction and shoot regeneration, at 94.7% and 45.3% respectively. We found that 30 mg/L of hygromycin was an effective concentration for transgenic KD18 selection. Light-yellow friable calli were used as the starting material for transformation mediated by A. tumefaciens strain AGL1 harbouring pHUE411 vector containing gus intron and hygromycin resistance gene (hptII). Important factors related to transformation procedure had been optimized in this study. The high transformation frequency (12.8%) was achieved by using the optimized procedure for KD18 cultivar. In which, bacterial density (OD600), infection time and co-cultivation period were performed at 0.1, 20 minutes and 3 days, respectively. PCR analysis using specific primers and the histological GUS staining demonstrated the presence of hptII and gus genes in transgenic rice lines. This result provides a potential protocol to transfer genes of interest into KD18 as well as other indica rice cultivars.
Samtal om grammatik: Att konkretisera språkliga strukturer för barn
Authors: Lindgren Maria
Published: June 2022

Syftet med studien är att utforska hur en sjuåring och en nioåring kan utveckla grammatisk kompetens när de får stöttning såväl av en person med kunskap om systemisk-funktionell grammatik som med ett medierande verktyg, en modell som i stället för att visa linjära satser med en bestämd ordföljd jämför delarna i satser vid planeter som roterar runt solar. Teoretiskt bygger studien både på systemisk-funktionell grammatik och på sociokulturell teori. Materialet till studien består av texter som barnen skrev och ritade under sex samtal med forskaren samt av forskarens observationsanteckningar.

Det material som barnen producerade visar att de kunde hantera begrepp från abstrakt grammatik genom att ändra var olika led placerades i en sats och laborera med olika antal deltagare och omständigheter. Båda barnen blev varse att ett påstående kan omvandlas till en fråga om de inleder satsen med en process, att en sats kan få ett annat fokus beroende på var leden placeras och att skribenter kan välja hur många planeter en sats ska bestå av, d.v.s. hur mycket information som satsen ska innehålla. De blev också uppmärksamma på referensbindningen i de texter de skrev genom att de kunde referera till de deltagare som de skrev om med olika ord.
Gymnasieelevers arbete med och attityder till processkrivning i moderna språk
Authors: Rosén Christina , Fredriksson Christine
Published: June 2022

Swedish students’ proficiency in written production in a third language (L3) ​​has proven to be insufficient (European Commission 2012). Despite its potential for language learning (e.g. Manchón 2011), writing tends to be a neglected skill in foreign language classrooms in Sweden. Students are given few opportunities to produce texts (Knospe 2017). Therefore, students often feel insecure and lack strategies for text production in their third language. There are few in-depth studies of students’ ability to reflect on and process their texts.
In this article, we focus on process-oriented writing in German as a foreign language in a Swedish upper secondary school (course 4). Texts from 20 Swedish learners of German (level A2 ̶ B1) working with process-oriented writing for three months were collected. After having finished the work with process-oriented writing the learners were asked to fill in a questionnaire on their attitudes towards the work with process-oriented writing. Our study is guided by the following questions: What impact does the work with written production have on students’ attitudes to text production? What effect does corrective feedback and revision of texts from fellow students have on accuracy? Our study contributes with information on writing practices in the foreign language classroom and the effect corrective feedback from fellow students has on writing accuracy. Contrary to results in earlier studies and our expectations, our study shows that the group feedback the students received on their texts only had a minor influence on their writing accuracy. Finally, we contribute with implications concerning research design and teaching practices, focusing on task design in writing activities in the language classroom.
Utrymmen för flerspråkighet: Funktionella aspekter av flerspråkiga låg- och mellanstadielärares språkliga praktiker
Authors: Snoder Sara
Published: June 2022

Framväxande flerspråkiga miljöer, till följd av migration, globalisering och informationsteknik, skapar nya förväntningar och krav på språkkontakt både på samhälls- och individnivå. Grundskolan i Sverige utgör en av flera samhällsarenor i vilken omfattningen av flerspråkig användning, utöver svenska och de språk som undervisas, behöver (om)förhandlas. Studiens syfte är att få ny kunskap om hur flerspråkig användning kan ta sig uttryck i ordinarie låg- och mellanstadieundervisning. Med en etnografisk ansats genomfördes observationer av fyra flerspråkiga lärares undervisnings-praktiker samt intervjusamtal med lärarna. Fokus för analysen är lärarnas praktiserade flerspråkighetspolicy i klassrummet (Bonacina-Pugh 2017). Resultaten visar att de flerspråkiga lärarna skapar ett mellanrum, third space (Bhabha 1994), i vilket flerspråkig användning legitimeras främst för att underlätta elevernas kunskapsinhämtning och språkliga medvetenhet, men även för att skapa känslomässig förståelse och trygghet. Lärarna använder dock sin flerspråkighet i undervisningen i olika grad. Det är framför allt en av lärarna som på ett systematiskt sätt använder sin flerspråkighet i de två olika årskurserna som hon undervisar. Flerspråkig användning visar sig också på flera olika sätt och har olika funktioner. En sådan multifunktionell aspekt av flerspråkig användning öppnar upp möjligheter för att en större del av elevers hela språkliga repertoar kan tillvaratas och utvecklas inom ramen för den ordinarie undervisningen.
The Balance of Public and Private in Contractual Legal Relations
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Farkhutdinov Ruslan
Published: June 2022

Relevance: the issues of the study of the legal regulation of the balance of public and private interests in contractual legal relations remain relevant, where at the present stage of the development of the doctrine of civil law, the resolution of such a balance problem is theoretically and practically necessary, which is confirmed by many scientific papers and dissertations. The purpose of the paper is to solve the problem of achieving such a balance by considering the public interest in contractual regulation not only as a subject of integration into private relations but also as an object of integration of private interest into it, the problem of determining the limit of integration of the public into a commercial contract. Methods: in the paper, the author uses comparative, formal-legal, and functional research methods. The novelty of the approach is due to the fact that it differs from the proposed concepts by considering the issue of achieving a balance of public and private interests arising from contractual legal relations by achieving a balance, in the author’s subjective opinion, through the reference points of intersection of public and private interests, through their vectors and tasks. The results presented in the paper will allow comprehending the legal regulation of contractual legal relations, where the definition of the balance of public and private interests is determined, will allow solving practical problems and developing mechanisms for protecting the parties in a commercial contract. The conclusions of the study have shown that it is possible to determine the limits of the integration of public interest in contractual legal relations only from the point of view of the integrative type of legal understanding.
Police Action at Mass Events
Authors:   Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after I.D. Putilin, Sarychev Alexander , Arkhiptsev Ivan ,   Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after I.D. Putilin, Kandabarova Karina ,   Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after I.D. Putilin
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the relevance of the chosen topic is because today mass events in Russian society are characterized by high popularity. They provide the satisfaction of the needs of modern man in his involvement in political life, sports achievements, culture, and art. At the same time, the successful holding of mass events is impossible without the activities of police officers who protect public order, as well as maintain public safety in a stable state. The purpose of the study is to characterize the legal regulation and specifics of the activities of police officers at mass events. Methods: the methodological framework includes a set of research methods, including the formal-legal method, the structural and functional method, the method of analysis and synthesis. Results: the authors have examined the current domestic regulatory framework governing the actions of police officers at mass events, on whose basis they have identified the features of their powers characteristic of each specific stage of the event. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the role of police action as an integral element of a comprehensive system that ensures order and security at various mass events has been revealed. It is determined that the police functionality varies depending on the period of the event. At the preparatory stage, proactive and preventive actions are implemented; at the executive stage, order and safety are directly ensured during the event; at the final stage, actions are deployed aimed at the smooth outflow of participants of the event, the abolition of restrictions imposed and the withdrawal of forces and means. Together, the whole tactics boil down to one thing – the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Protection of Property Rights of Minors: The Analysis of the Consistency of Law Enforcement Practice
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice (the Crimean Branch), Ablyatipova Natalia , Volkova Irina ,   Russian State University of Justice (the Crimean Branch)
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the problem of protecting the property rights of minors is currently one of the most urgent in civil and family law. Due to the lack of full capacity and insufficient level of psycho-physiological development, children cannot protect their violated property rights on their own. For this reason, this function is assigned to their legal representatives. At the same time, persons who are obliged to protect the property rights of children do not always act in their interests. In this regard, the authors set a goal: based on the analysis of materials of the judicial practice, to identify the circumstances in which the property interests of minors are violated and the problems of bringing to justice persons who have committed such acts. Results: the features of the judicial consideration of cases on the protection and restoration of violated property rights of minors are investigated, the absence of legislative consolidation of the responsibility of persons who have violated the property rights of children, allowing the judicial authorities to apply a sanction commensurate with the illegal act, is established. Conclusions: based on the analysis of the legislation and materials of the judicial practice, the problems of protecting the property rights and legitimate interests of minor children are formulated. Based on the results of the study, the authors have proposed recommendations for improving the legislation.
On the Legal Nature of the Joint Will of Spouses
Authors:   Voronezh Economic and Legal Institute, Deryusheva Olesya
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the possibility of drawing up a joint will by spouses is an innovation of the Russian legislator. The peculiarity of a joint will is manifested in the fact that the spouses have the right to jointly make testamentary dispositions in the event of the death of each of them, which will simplify the order of inheritance of common joint property. In connection with these circumstances, the author of the paper aims to study the features of making a will between the spouses, as well as the consequences of such a transaction. Methods: the methodological framework for the study was made up of both the general scientific and special legal research methods, in particular, the comparative law method and the methods of analysis and synthesis. Results: the conclusions presented in the author’s material are based on the updated civil legislation and the positions of domestic civil thinkers. The innovations of hereditary norms provide that the execution of a joint will is only possible by persons who are in a registered marriage, and the verification of the reliability of such information is the responsibility of a notary. Under the legal regime of inheritance under a joint marital will, all the property of the spouses is transferred to the surviving spouse, without splitting and allocating the corresponding shares. Accordingly, after the death of the second spouse, the property is handed over to common children. Conclusions: the legalization of the joint will of the participants of the marriage union has significantly increased the possibilities of the dispositive legal regulation of property inheritance ties to more effectively consolidate and protect the rights and legitimate interests, testamentary will, and freedom of each of the spouses. The study of the legal nature of joint marriage wills has shown that it is necessary to take further legislative measures to eliminate gaps in this area, to improve hereditary law-making and law enforcement.
Actual Problems of Land Lease As Real Estate Objects in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Kalmyk State University, Injieva Buynta
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the land lease agreement is one of the most common in the sphere of civil turnover of land and other natural resources. However, despite the long-term reform of the civil and land legislation, as well as developed law enforcement practice, there are still many gaps and conflicts in the regulation of this sphere of public relations that need to be addressed. The purpose of the study: the identification of shortcomings of the legal regulation in the field of land lease, the development of constructive proposals to eliminate them. Relevance: the development of contractual relations in the sphere of the use of land plots as real estate objects requires an integrated approach that allows building a balance between private and public interests, as well as between the norms of civil and land law reflecting these interests. Meanwhile, at the moment the solution to this problem has not been achieved, which requires doctrinal discussion and legislative reform. Methods: the paper uses general and specific scientific methods, including the concrete historical method that allows identifying the causes of certain legal problems, as well as the method of system analysis that allows considering the problems under study in the context of other legal phenomena and processes. Results: in the course of the study, conflicts between the civil and land legislation regulating the lease of land real estate are identified, and proposals are made to eliminate them. Conclusions: it is proposed to expand the list of essential terms of the land lease agreement, the differences in the legal regulation of lease on lands of various categories are determined.
Legal Issues of Satisfying Bankruptcy Creditors’ Claims in the Context of Reforming the Federal Law “On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)”
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Kazachenok Svetlana
Published: June 2022

Introduction: despite its rather young age, the institution of bankruptcy is one of the most popular both in practical and doctrinal terms. In the mechanism of enforced liquidation of the debtor, bankruptcy is one of the most dynamically developing areas, but as a tool to satisfy creditors’ claims, the existing bankruptcy model is characterized by low efficiency. In this connection, it is necessary to turn the legislator’s attention to other, different from the existing, options for satisfying creditors’ claims. The author identifies the purpose of the study as a doctrinal justification of the consequences of satisfying the debtor’s creditors’ claims by third parties for more effective use of the existing mechanism for satisfying creditors’ claims within the framework of the bankruptcy institution. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of systematicity, analysis, and comparative law. Research results: the author’s position indicated in the work is based on the needs of the institution of bankruptcy. Based on the analysis of the current legislation and the established law enforcement practice, the author draws attention to the unjustified separation by the legislator of the legal consequences of satisfying the claims of various creditors: authorized bodies and other creditors, the shortcomings of the existing legal structures used to satisfy creditors’ claims are revealed. Conclusions: the author proposes to establish a single mechanism, including legal consequences, to satisfy the debtor’s creditors’ claims by third parties.
Provision of Cultural Services As the Scope of Agreement
Authors:   Volzhsky Branch of Volgograd State University, Sevostyanov Maxim
Published: June 2022

Introduction: social relations developing in the sphere of culture are subject to legal regulation following the dynamics of socio-economic development. Under their legal nature, these relations are regulated by public and private legal means, one of which is an agreement. Despite the recognition of this agreement as one of the types of contracts for the provision of paid services, its subject is insufficiently studied by the means of the science of civil law, which creates certain problems in the field under study. The purpose of the publication is to identify the legal content of the subject of the agreement for the provision of cultural services. Methods: the research is based on the systematic method, civil law aspects of interpretation, analysis, and synthesis, as well as a comparative legal methodological technique. Results: based on lexical and legal analysis, definitions are given of the concepts of “provision of cultural services”, considered as an object of civil rights and “subject of an agreement for the provision of cultural services”, qualifying the condition without which the use of this means of legal regulation becomes impossible. Conclusions: the position is substantiated that the proper implementation of cultural activities in the current conditions of civil turnover becomes impossible without the use of an individual legal regulator of the emerging relations – an agreement. Being one of the essential conditions of such an agreement, the subject acts as a combination of actions of individuals and legal entities carried out by the contractor of services on behalf of the customer to obtain a useful intangible effect achieved with the help of the creative abilities of the contractor. The qualifying features of the subject of the agreement for the provision of cultural services are revealed.
Changing the Legal Mechanism of Connection to Electric Networks: Electronic Remote Model
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Skrypnik Dmitry
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the procedure for connecting consumers’ property complexes to electric networks has changed since July 1, 2020, and is being implemented electronically. This procedure simplifies technological connection and conclusion of power supply contracts. The author aims to reveal the legal mechanism of the organization of energy supply in electronic form. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is analysis, synthesis, comparison, modeling; the formal legal method is used. Results: based on the analysis of the legislation, the procedure for organizing energy supply in electronic form is investigated and recommendations for its improvement are given. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the obligation of network organizations to install metering devices is determined regardless of the technical readiness of property complexes for electricity consumption. This leads to the obligation to re-install metering devices in cases of theft or malfunction. The author proposes to amend the current legislation in terms of ensuring commercial accounting after consumers complete the construction of facilities. This mechanism will prevent the growth of tariffs for electric power transmission services.
Peculiarities of the Realization of the Right to Engage in Entrepreneurial Activity by Minors
Authors:   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Usanova Victoria
Published: June 2022

Introduction: recently, the state has been taking serious steps to attract young people, i.e. the categories of persons aged from 14 to 35 years old, into an entrepreneurial activity. The most uncertain is the legal regulation of entrepreneurship by minors. The current legislation of the Russian Federation does not contain a direct indication of the minimum age at which it is possible for citizens to carry out an entrepreneurial activity. And in general, there are also no special rules and regulations pertaining to the peculiarities of entrepreneurship of minors in a systematic form. At the same time, their business activities have certain features that affect their status and relationships with counterparties and regulatory authorities. Accordingly, the development of youth entrepreneurship is only possible with the improvement of the current legislation regulating the entrepreneurial activity of this category of economic entities, the elimination of relevant gaps and problems. The purpose of the study: to identify the problems of the legal regulation of entrepreneurial activity of minors and to propose their solutions. Methods: in the course of the conducted research, various scientific methods are used, including the statistical and formal-legal ones, analysis, and synthesis. Results: the current system of the legal regulation of determining the age of entrepreneurial capacity requires clearer regulation. The principles and possibilities of bringing minors to legal responsibility when they carry out entrepreneurial activities are not unambiguous and lead to a certain extent to their irresponsibility, which should be recognized as unacceptable and requiring correction. Conclusions: it is necessary to make in Par. 1 of Article 23 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation an amendment as follows: “The implementation of entrepreneurial activity by minors aged from 14 to 18 years (in the absence of full legal capacity) is carried out from the moment of state registration as an individual entrepreneur with the notarized consent of parents, adoptive parents or a trustee”. In addition, it is necessary to amend the Code of Administrative Offences in terms of establishing the possibility of bringing minors to administrative responsibility for offenses in the field of entrepreneurial activity.
The Scope of Patent Rights for Service Inventions, Service Utility Models, Service Industrial Designs
Authors:   Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Zaitseva Elizaveta , Molchanov Alexander ,   Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the paper considers the study of the specifics of patent rights for official results of intellectual activity in the scientific, technical, artistic, and design spheres. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is the dialectical method of cognition, as well as such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction. Among the specific scientific research methods, comparative-legal, normative and dogmatic methods are used. Results: the study analyzes the features of patent rights for service inventions, service utility models, service industrial designs, as guarantees provided by the state for the performance of legally significant actions concerning these objects. The list of patent rights for service developments, their main characteristics is defined. Special attention is paid to the personal non-property rights of the author; the current legislation and the opinions of civilists on the scope of the right to a name are analyzed. Conclusions: it is established that the issue of ownership of the right to the name of the author of the invention, utility model, and industrial design is not regulated at the legislative level, which may entail the infringement of legal authorities exercised by the author of official decisions. As a result of the study, the legislative consolidation of the right to a name in the list of patent rights is proposed, as an absolute subjective legal authority of the author of an invention, utility model, industrial design, whose scope should be considered equally as a legally secured opportunity for the author to require the indication of his name, and the ability to remain anonymous in publications about the protected decision.
Internet Space and Artificial Intelligence: Problems of Entrepreneurship and Law Enforcement
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Matytsin Denis
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the author investigates the problems of carrying out a special type of entrepreneurial activity – advertising goods and services by public-media individuals on the Internet, through their personal accounts in social networks. Formally, these individuals are not individual entrepreneurs they mention certain goods and services indirectly, in the process of communicating with other users of social networks. Such an advertising business is based on the analysis and accumulation of user search queries, because of which special computer algorithms are launched, and instantly give this user numerous answers and suggestions about goods and services. In the current period, such remote services in the information and communication network Internet are provided to users with the help of artificial intelligence. Methods: a number of problems of using artificial intelligence are highlighted, the features of the legal responsibility of the person who owns this computer-software resource, as a person who is an employer from the standpoint of labor law, are revealed. Results: it is proposed to legislate the special entrepreneurial status of “self-employed in the information and telecommunications network Internet”. A variant of a special tax regime for such entrepreneurial activity is proposed too. The conclusion is substantiated that public-media individuals who have continuous Internet communications with other persons in the number of at least 1 million persons on average per year should, by virtue of the law, be given a special entrepreneurial status, provided that they do not have a written refusal from advertising activities. Compliance with such a refusal and the actual non-implementation by a public media person of advertising activities in social networks is also controlled by artificial intelligence.
Revisiting the Creative and Mechanical Types of Official Interpretation of the Norms of Law
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy (Balakovo Branch), Terekhov Evgeny
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the official interpretation of the norms of law occupies an important place in the mechanism of legal regulation. Despite this, its system is not fully understood today. One of the elements of the system of the official interpretation of the norms of law is its individual varieties, the ideas of which can be developed and improved today. Purpose: to establish the truth in the issue of distinguishing creative and mechanical types as independent varieties of the official interpretation of the norms of law. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which are consistency, analysis, and comparativelegal, formal legal, historical. Results: the author’s position justified in the work is based on the need to develop ideas about the specific types of the official interpretation of the norms of law. This fact is confirmed by the conducted historical analysis, the high rate of development of public relations, speeches of state officials, as well as individual interpretative acts. Conclusions: as a result of the conducted research, it was found that depending on the possibility of semantic adaptation of the norms of law to the current legal situation in society, it is advisable to distinguish creative and mechanical varieties of the official interpretation of the norms of law. The motive for such a classification is the extremely rapid pace of development of public relations and the failure of the legislator to keep up with these changes. However, an essential condition for the viability of such a concept is the prohibition of the subject going beyond the semantic meaning of the specific legal norms.
Priority of International or National Law
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Karshieva Elvina
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the priority role in the legal system of most countries all over the world is assigned to the basic law as a priority source of law. In practice, disputes often arise regarding the priority of applying the provisions of national or international law which prompts the author to define the goal, to understand which type of law is more significant. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of analysis and comparative law. Results: in the modern world, there is a wellestablished opinion that international legal provisions have exceptional priority over the national ones. At the same time, the legal systems of countries face contradictions in this regard and use arbitrary interpretations of such a trend. Conclusions: in the scientific community, the three most stable opinions have been formed on the interpretation of the importance of national law over international law. The first theory says that national law is always more important than international law, the second is based on the fact that these categories should be applied in practice equally, the third theory emphasizes that the norms of international law should adapt to the national legislation.
Crimes Against Public Safety: Problems of the Legislative Regulation (Articles 207.1 and 207.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Yakovleva Olga
Published: June 2022

Introduction: relations falling under a specific field of activities are regulated from the standpoint of various branches of law. And if violations occur in the sphere of this activity, then new components of administrative and criminal illegal acts are created, which establish prohibitions and measures of influence on offenders. But, unfortunately, the need for proper interpretation and explanation of the amendments and additions to the legislation is not taken into account. In this regard, in practice, there are problems associated with the qualification of the acts in question. The purpose of the work is to analyze the problems of the legislative regulation of crimes against public safety. Methods: the methodological framework for the study includes a whole range of methods of scientific cognition, among which the methods of system analysis and synthesis are of fundamental importance. Results: the paper presents a criminal law analysis of the elements of crimes against public safety related to the dissemination of deliberately false socially significant information, which entails socially dangerous consequences. The necessity of the correct formulation in the law of the element characterizing the sign of “publicity” is emphasized; fixing in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation the grounds for the release of a person for committing the acts in question. Conclusions: 1) when introducing innovations to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of signs and elements to prevent the accumulation of “dead” components in the legislative acts of the country; 2) fix in a note to Article 207.1 the grounds for the release from criminal prosecution of a person who has committed a crime for the first time if they have smoothed out the harm caused by making a public apology or refuting the reliability of previously disseminated information.