bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulación de una mermelada a partir de pulpa y cáscara de tunas (Opuntia spp.) elaborada a nivel planta piloto
Authors: López Orozco Melva , Mercado Flores Juan , Martínez Soto Gerardo , Magaña Ramírez José Luis
Published: October 2019

Después de una serie de pruebas experimentales de mermeladas a base de pulpa y cás­cara de tunas a nivel laboratorio, generados de proyectos de investigación anteriores, y con base en resultados de evaluación sensorial, análisis microbiológico y fisicoquímico, se seleccionó una formulación de mermelada a partir de una mezcla de pulpa y cáscara de tuna variedad reyna, y pulpa de tuna variedad xoconostle para su procesamiento a nivel planta piloto. La mermelada elaborada fue caracterizada mediante análisis fisicoquímico y microbiológico. Dentro de los análisis fisicoquímicos se incluyó la determinación de Fibra Dietética (4.35 g de fibra dietética/15 g de mermelada), siendo éste uno de los análisis más importantes, cuyo valor procede principalmente de la cáscara de las tunas. Basados en las especificaciones exigidas por la Norma Oficial Mexicana, el producto puede considerarse apto para su consumo y para propósitos de comercialización.
A novel approach for the global localization problem
Authors: Toriz Alfredo , Sánchez Abraham , Osorio Maria A.
Published: October 2019

This paper describes a simultaneous planning localization and mapping (SPLAM) methodology focussed on the global localization problem, where the robot explores the environment efficiently and also considers the requisites of the simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm. The method is based on the randomized incremental generation of a data structure called Sensor-based Random Tree, which represents a roadmap of the explored area with an associated safe region. A continuous localization procedure based on B-Splines features of the safe region is integrated in the scheme.
Towards an Emotional Validation of Heuristic Approaches for Usability Evaluation
Authors: Magallanes Yazmín , Molina-Rueda Ariel , Sánchez J. Alfredo , Méndez Yenny A.
Published: October 2019

This paper presents an initial investigation on how an emotional assessment of user interfaces may extend and validate the heuristic evaluation of the usability of interactive systems. Through the elicitation of responses from two groups of users, we focused on detecting whether a correlation exists between emotional assessment of specific interface issues and the corresponding evaluation by interaction experts. Using a prototypical multi-tactile interface and a heuristic approach, we first obtained feedback from interaction experts regarding its potential problems and issues. We then devised scenarios for observing novel users and eliciting their emotional re-sponses to the issues raised by our experts. Our initial findings indicate a significant correlation exists between the issues raised by expert users and the emotional responses of novel users, but also that some of those issues do not necessarily lead to long lasting negative emotions. Wethus posit that emotional evaluation of interactive systems may be helpful for enriching and validating heuristic approaches for usability evaluation.
Mejorando la Calidad de los Métodos de Solución para Redes de Transporte de Gas Natural mediante Técnicas de Optimización
Authors: Rios Mercado Roger Z
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se estudia el problema de minimizar el consumo de combustible incurrido por las estaciones compresoras en un sistema de redes de transporte de gas natural en estado estable, el cual es uno de los problemas de mayor relevancia e importancia en la industria energética por la enorme cantidad de gas que se mueve por un sistema de distribución cada año.  En el mundo real, este tipo de instancias son muy grandes, en términos del número de variables de decisión y del número de restricciones tecnológicas, y muy complejas debido a la presencia de no linealidad y no convexidad en el conjunto  de soluciones factibles y en la función objetivo.  La contribución del presente trabajo consiste en ilustrar cómo un método de solución basado en técnicas avanzadas de optimización como lo son la programación dinámica no secuencial y la descomposición de redes puede emplearse para mejorar notablemente la operación de redes de transporte de gas natural.  Los resultados computacionales muestran la superioridad del método desarrollado al compararlo con el trabajo existente, convirtiéndose así en un avance considerable al estado del arte en esta disciplina.
Sistema para la Aplicación de Pruebas Psicológicas vía Web
Authors: Morales Ramírez Alejandra , Escoto Ponce de León Ma. Consuelo , García- Lozano Rodolfo Z. , Molinar-Solís Jesús E. , Hidalgo-Cortés Cuauhtémoc
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se presenta un sistema web para la aplicación, captura y edición de cual­quier prueba psicológica de opción múltiple con capacidad para almacenar datos de forma permanente (dicha información permitirá llevar a cabo estudios comparativos y longitudi­nales). De la misma forma, los datos almacenados pueden ser importados por otros pro­gramas estadísticos, como por ejemplo Microsoft Excel, SPSS y Origin. La aplicación y administración de estas pruebas puede hacerse desde cualquier computadora conectada a la Internet sin necesidad de instalar programas especializados. Para evaluar el potencial de este sistema, se capturó el Cuestionario Honey-Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje (C. H. A. E. A.) y se aplicó a 255 sujetos. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran una reducción considerable en el tiempo invertido en el cálculo de las subescalas (factor) y en la puntuación total de cada prueba, además, se evitó la aparición de errores cometidos por la intervención huma­na en la evaluación manual (debido a que este proceso fue automatizado por el sistema).
Grafeno: el alótropo más prometedor del carbono
Authors: Méndez Medrano Ma. Guadalupe , Rosu H. C. , Torres González L. A.
Published: October 2019

Después de una breve revisión de la historia de los alótropos del carbono conocidos al momento,nos enfocamos en el más reciente de ellos, el grafeno, cuyas propiedades extraordinariasse deben a la propagación relativista de sus electrones de conducción. Estas mismaspropiedades dan esperanzas para muchas aplicaciones tecnológicas de gran impacto.
Significado y sentido en la argumentación fiscal
Authors: Ribeiro Gerardo
Published: October 2019

El artículo 5 del Código Fiscal de la Federación de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos establece que “Las disposiciones fiscales que establezcan cargas a los particulares y las que señalen excepciones a las mismas, así como las que fijan infracciones y sanciones, son de aplica­ción estricta” (Cámara de Diputados, 2012). El propósito del presente artículo es discutir sobre el concepto de “aplicación estricta” demostrando que es insostenible lingüística y ra­cionalmente y, a partir de ello, proponer un nuevo concepto pertinente a la argumentación fiscal llamado “construcción del sentido” de las disposiciones fiscales.
Desarrollo y aplicación de un método empírico para evaluar la confiabilidad de cadenas de suministro
Authors: Mariscal-Moreno Rosa María , Betanzo-Quezada Eduardo
Published: October 2019

La situación de la economía ha llevado a las empresas a buscar ventajas competitivas me­diante herramientas encaminadas a disminuir los riesgos e incertidumbre de sus cadenas de suministro. El objetivo de la presente investigación es desarrollar y aplicar un método empírico para evaluar la confiabilidad de cadenas de suministro. El método consiste en ana­lizar los componentes de un sistema de abastecimiento y desarrollar un modelo matemático. Para ello se estudiaron 29 factores de riesgo en una empresa de alimentos balanceados, de los cuales 11 se consideran de mayor gravedad por su frecuencia e impacto. Los resultados se obtuvieron de una ecuación que permite estimar la confiabilidad, resultando un valor de 65.20% para la empresa estudiada. Se concluye que el método puede ser utilizado para medir la confiablidad de la cadena de suministro.
Migración de retorno y los cambios en el índice de intensidad migratoria en Michoacán, Jalisco y Guanajuato
Authors: López Castro Gustavo , Ariel Mojica Óscar
Published: October 2019

Uno de los aspectos de la migración a Estados Unidos que ha llamado la atención en los últi­mos cinco años es la migración de retorno y el diferimiento de muchos jóvenes en la decisión de salir como migrantes a Estados Unidos. Esto se refleja ya en las estadísticas nacionales y en particular en el Censo de 2010 (INEGI) y en el Índice de Intensidad Migratoria (CONAPO, 2012). A partir de esos datos y con información recabada en trabajo de campo antropológico, se analiza la migración de retorno en tres entidades, Michoacán, Jalisco y Guanajuato, que forman parte de la región de migración histórica. La migración de retorno se ha incremen­tado en casi todos los municipios de estas entidades federativas pero contradictoriamente al mismo tiempo que aumentan los hogares con migración de retorno lo hacen los hogares que reciben remesas y en algunos casos también los hogares con migración circular; desde luego, en general se trata de hogares diferentes, pero el hecho importante es que esto reafir­ma las nociones conceptuales según las cuales la migración es un fenómeno social que se ha complejizado enormemente.
Más allá de eventos coyunturales. La migración México- Estados Unidos: un fenómeno de larga duración
Authors: Fernández Guzmán Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Para entender la dimensión del fenómeno migratorio, justo es tener una visión y un panorá­mico conocimiento histórico de los movimientos de población en general y de las migracio­nes humanas en particular. El historiador tradicional limita su análisis al acontecimiento o biografías de grandes personalidades, es decir, al tiempo breve de la historia. Más allá de los sucesos que corren a pasos acelerados, están las realidades que cambian lentamente, es decir, el nivel de la larga duración -la migración es una de ellas. La coyuntura de crisis económica y contención fronteriza en Estados Unidos convenció a muchos de que se está en la antesala del fin de la era de la migración México-Estados Unidos. Nada más falso. Este artículo tiene como objetivo explicar, a través de un análisis histórico, que este fenómeno seguirá activo ya que siguen vigentes estructuras de larga duración como lo son las con­diciones de agencia, cultura y tradición migratoria, disparidad económica y de salarios, la necesidad de mano de obra barata, entre otras.
Migración y desarrollo en la región Lerma-Chapala de Michoacán
Authors: Aguilar Ortega Teodoro
Published: October 2019

El desarrollo económico es un indicador de la calidad de vida en una población; este desa­rrollo implica un mejoramiento sostenido del bienestar social. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la situación actual del desarrollo, calculado a través del índice y grado de margina­ción municipal, en la región Lerma-Chapala y su influencia sobre la migración. La metodo­logía utilizada es la revisión de los datos del Consejo Nacional de Población en indicadores de marginación municipal 2000-2010 y los índices y grados de migración hacia los Estados Unidos para los años 2000 y 2010. Aquellos municipios donde existe un mayor nivel de mar­ginación corresponden con aquéllos donde hay muy altos índices de migración. En este sen­tido, la falta de ingreso familiar y la marginación -que es una ausencia de satisfactores de una buena calidad de vida- es un aliciente a la migración en Michoacán. Los habitantes de la región Lerma-Chapala mantienen su estatus de alta migración hacia los Estados Unidos desde hace aproximadamente cien años debido a la falta ingreso y a la pobreza existente.
Chemogenetic Activation of Excitatory Neurons Alters Hippocampal Neurotransmission in a Dose-Dependent Manner
Authors: Pati Sthitapranjya , Salvi Sonali S. , Kallianpur Mamata , Vaidya Bhupesh , Banerjee Antara , Maiti Sudipta , Clement James P. , Vaidya Vidita A.
Published: October 2019

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD)-based chemogenetic tools are extensively used to manipulate neuronal activity in a cell type-specific manner. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings indicate membrane depolarization, coupled with increased neuronal firing rate, following administration of the DREADD ligand, clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) to activate the Gq-coupled DREADD, hM3Dq. Although hM3Dq has been used to enhance neuronal firing in order to manipulate diverse behaviors, often within 30 min to 1 h after CNO administration, the physiological effects on excitatory neurotransmission remain poorly understood. We investigated the influence of CNO-mediated hM3Dq DREADD activation on distinct aspects of hippocampal excitatory neurotransmission at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse in hippocampal slices derived from mice expressing hM3Dq in Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase α (CamKIIα)-positive excitatory neurons. Our results indicate a clear dose-dependent effect on field EPSP (fEPSP) slope, with no change noted at the lower dose of CNO (1 μM) and a significant, long-term decline in fEPSP slope observed at higher doses (5–20 μM). Further, we noted a robust θ burst stimulus (TBS) induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the presence of the lower CNO (1 μM) dose, which was significantly attenuated at the higher CNO (20 μM) dose. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording revealed both complex dose-dependent regulation of excitability, and spontaneous and evoked activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in response to hM3Dq activation across CNO concentrations. Our data indicate that CNO-mediated activation of the hM3Dq DREADD results in dose-dependent regulation of excitatory hippocampal neurotransmission and highlight the importance of careful interpretation of behavioral experiments involving chemogenetic manipulation.
Predicting High-Level Human Judgment Across Diverse Behavioral Domains
Authors: Richie Russell , Zou Wanling , Bhatia Sudeep
Published: October 2019

Recent advances in machine learning, combined with the increased availability of large natural language datasets, have made it possible to uncover semantic representations that characterize what people know about and associate with a wide range of objects and concepts. In this paper, we examine the power of word embeddings, a popular approach for uncovering semantic representations, for studying high-level human judgment. Word embeddings are typically applied to linguistic and semantic tasks, however we show that word embeddings can be used to predict complex theoretically- and practically- relevant human perceptions and evaluations in domains as diverse as social cognition, health behavior, risk perception, organizational behavior, and marketing. By learning mappings from word embeddings directly onto judgment ratings, we outperform a similarity-based baseline and perform favorably compared to common metrics of human inter-rater reliability. Word embeddings are also able to identify the concepts that are most associated with observed perceptions and evaluations, and can thus shed light on the psychological substrates of judgment. Overall, we provide new methods and insights for predicting and understanding high-level human judgment, with important applications across the social and behavioral sciences.
Geological and geomorphological and historical components of the rock monasteries of the Middle Podnistrovia
Authors: Riabokon О. V. , Strashevska L. V.
Published: October 2019

The paper describes a combination of lithological basis and foundation of cave monasteries of the Middle Podnistrovie. This combination resulted in specific integrated geohistorical monuments (geosites). In the steep rocks of the canyon-like valley of the Dniester, in the process of Christianity, numerous individual or communal caves have been made. Nowadays, only three have remained and continue to be used for their original religious purpose: Bakota, Neporotovo, and Liadova cave monasteries. The place for foundation was not randomly chosen and was conditioned by several factors, the essential ones being geomorphological and sacred aspects. The geologic-geomorphologic factor was determined by presence of high and almost inaccessible rocks that allowed solitude and relative security for the inhabitants from raids of non-Christians. Not the last role belonged to the rocks, in which using simple tools, caves could be cut and rooms organized. It was determined that Bakota rock monastery was founded in opokas of Cenomanian stage, which were highly porous, and were malleable for processing. The tortuous route above the caves of the Bakota monastery was made in solid Sarmatian limestones along the denudation fractures widened by karst processes and by tools. Neporotovo cave monastery has mixed natural-anthropogenic origins and was initiated by karst-suffusion processes     in the oolite Sarmatian limestones. Liadova cave monastery as well as Bakota cave monastery were cut from Cenomanian deposits, but in carbon facies, in which Cretaceous-like limestones dominate , which are malleable for making passageways Hydrogeological conditions were important for the building of the monastery, particularly, presence of drinking water. The sacred component was conditioned by religious canon laws and traditions. Each of the studied monasteries has a complex, and often tragic history recorded in archeological materials and archive documents, but the greater part of their thousand years history remains unknown.
Cryptosporidium infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and differential diagnosis
Authors: Gerace Elisabetta , Presti Vincenzo Di Marco Lo , Biondo Carmelo
Published: October 2019

Cryptosporidium is a protozoan that infects a wide variety of vertebrates, including humans, causing acute gastroenteritis. The disease manifests with abdominal pain and diarrhea similar to that of choleric infection. In the immunocompromised hosts, the parasite causes prolonged infections that can also be fatal. For this reason, cryptosporidiosis is considered one of riskiest opportunistic infections for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The best way to control the infection in these patients is setting up sensitive and specific diagnostic tests for epidemiological surveillance and morbidity reduction. Here, we summarized the general aspects of Cryptosporidium infection focusing on available diagnostic tools used for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis. Molecular methods currently available for its detection and progress in the development of new diagnostics for cryptosporidiosis are also discussed.
Tudjuk, hol a határ? – A Sürgősségi Betegellátó Osztályt akut alkoholintoxikáció miatt felkereső betegek ellátásának elemzése
Authors: Bánfai-Csonka Henrietta , Bánfai Bálint , Boncz Imre , Betlehem József
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: According to WHO data, more than 2 million people die because of alcohol consumption during one year. One part of these people are displayed in the emergency departments. There are those who are just about to be detoxicated, those who suffered alcohol-related accidents or alcohol-related internal illness. Aim: To find out how many alcohol-influencing patients are being in the emergency care system and how much of the financing are used for these patients. Method: Our research was conducted at the Department of Emergency Medicine, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs. The research period was between January 1 and December 31, 2016. Our sample was made up of patients who were exposed due to alcohol in the emergency room (n = 1326). We made document analysis. We analysed data using statistical software SPSS 22.0. Results: 78% of the patients were male. The mean age of the sample was 49.78 ± 14.215 years. 71.1% of patients had a home, but 28.9% were homeless. According to the Triage scale, 608 patients were in category T5 because they needed only detoxification. In terms of the level of consciousness, 93.7% of patients had 14 or 15 points according to the Glasgow Coma Scale. 14.6% of patients did not expect a medical examination. Within the framework of incoming and outpatient care, the provision of these patients is profitable. Conclusion: The diagnosis and care of the injuries is done in accordance with the domestic guidelines. Contrary to expectations, the care of these patients is profitable for the emergency department, although only fixed costs were included. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(43): 1698–1705.
EKG-gyöngyszem: tranziens De Winter-jel
Authors: Tomcsányi János , Arabadzisz Hrisula , Frész Tamás
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

A 42-year-old man is presented with acute coronary syndrome and De Winter ECG sign. The De Winter sign is a rare ECG manifestation of proximal LAD occlusion. The ECG sign was misinterpreted and the patient was transmitted to our percutan coronaria intervention centrum with 3 hours delay. The hyperacute T-waves and the precordial ST-depressions disappeared, but the biomarkers showed a marked elevation. Coronary angiography revealed LAD proximal thrombotic dissection treated with a drug-eluting stent. The authors suggest that in patients with this ECG pattern the immediate coronary intervention is the best treatment. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(43): 1711–1713.
Az együttműködés növelésének eszközei a testsúlykontrollban
Authors: Czeglédi Edit
Published: October 2019

Abstract:

Long-term successful weight control poses a huge challenge to people who are overweight and treat them in the obesogenic environment. After reaching a clinically significant (5–10%) weight loss, the goal is to maintain the weight loss achieved. However, this requires virtually constant resistance to temptations and requires sustained effort in terms of dietary restriction and physical activity, which requires a strong motivational base. From the point of view of behavior, motivation is the probability that the patient starts, pursues, or persistently follows a strategy that triggers change, that is, in the case of obesity, is committed to health-related behaviors that support weight management and abandons health risk behaviors that hinders weight control efforts. The present study describes the transtheoretical model of behavioral change and provides examples of practical ways to increase motivation and adherence at all stages of behavioral change. All this can contribute to the work of primary care and outpatient care professionals in supporting weight loss patients with excess weight. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(43): 1687–1697.
Bulan Ramadan dan Kebahagiaan Seorang Muslim
Authors: Royanulloh Royanulloh , Komari Komari
Published: October 2019

The Islamic and the Nusantara tradition shows that Ramadan is always welcomed with joy. Therefore, Ramadan is related to happiness. This quantitative research analyzes how changes in happiness occur as the coming of Ramadan. The respondents are 117 muslims adult who have received pesantren education. The results showed that significant differences in positive emotions between weeks 3, 2, and 1 before the coming of Ramadan. Meanwhile, negative emotions did not show a significant decrease. Then, the correlation test results show there is a positive correlation between the arrival of Ramadan with positive emotions. Meanwhile, the correlation test was negative with negative emotions. This research proves the coming of the month of Ramadan associated with increasing happiness of a muslim.
Nauka o Duchu Świętym w Pasterzu Hermasa na tle problematyki pneumatologicznej. Studium wprowadzające
Authors: Baron Arkadiusz
Published: October 2019

Celem artykułu jest pokazanie złożoności problematyki dotyczącej świata duchowego i świata duchów, z którą zmierzały się poczynając od czasów starożytnych kolejne pokolenia ludzi z trzech różnych cywilizacji i kultur, od semickiej przez helleńską aż do łacińskiej. Dotyczy to także pojmowania Ducha Świętego, zwłaszcza w dwóch pierwszych wiekach. Na takim tle zostaną przedstawione uwagi na temat poglądów Pasterza Hermasa, którego pneumatologia jakkolwiek prosta, łączy wspomniane trzy światy, ponieważ autor dziełka wywodzi się z judaizmu, spisał swoje myśli po grecku i dokonał tego w Rzymie. Pasterz jest kapitalnym świadectwem chrześcijan pierwszych wieków w ukazywaniu działania Ducha Świętego, który będąc Bogiem okazuje swoją wielką delikatność wobec człowieka grzesznego, umożliwia mu powrót do Boga, ale w każdej chwili respektuje dokonywane przez niego wolne wybory.
Duch Święty jako inspiracja twórcza w głoszeniu słowa Bożego a inspiracja artystyczna – podobieństwa i różnice
Authors: Sikora Jerzy
Published: October 2019

Porównując inspirację pneumatologiczną z artystyczną w głoszeniu słowa Bożego, wchodzimy na teren psychologii twórczości. Dotykamy zagadnienia procesu twórczego. Badamy w kaznodziejstwie związki między komponentem „ludzkim” a „boskim”. Na ambonie głosi się słowo Boga, a nie własne i dlatego Duch Święty jawi się jako inspiracja, a zarazem ontologiczna cecha głoszonego Słowa. Posiada moc ożywczą, a także uświęcającą. To inspiracja bardziej altruistyczna, wspólnotowa niż natchnienie artystyczne. Wprawdzie „Duch Święty wieje, kędy chce” (J 3, 8), jednak natchnienie Ducha Świętego – zwłaszcza wymodlone i wyproszone – jest więcej przewidywalne niż artystyczne. Sztuka może być podstępna, zachłanna, a nawet diaboliczna, o faustowskim obliczu. I natchnienie artystyczne może mieć takowe źródła, co oczywiście nie przystoi kaznodziei. Inspiracja artystyczna i inspiracja pneumatologiczna to raczej nie długotrwały stan, lecz szczególne momenty łaski. Jeśli na ambonie kaznodzieja nie potrafi być natchniony, powinien przyjąć i wypełnić rolę dobrego rzemieślnika.
A New Public Conceptualisation of Education and Care for Younger Children: bridging the public–private divide
Authors: Fitzgerald Damien
Published: October 2019

Over the past two decades there has been substantial expansion of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) provision. This has led to significant expansion of the role of the private sector. Alongside this, there is a substantial evidence base about the importance of high-quality,
pedagogically appropriate provision, delivered by highly skilled practitioners. This article argues that to provide high-quality ECEC a reconceptualisation of provision for young children within public education is needed. These changes would allow developments to build on previous reforms
through an increased role for public provision as a distinct education phase, creating a more highly skilled workforce with clear career pathways and offering a pedagogically appropriate curriculum.
'It was deathly dull and boring and stressful': listening to parents' voices on primary school testing
Authors: Wenham Lucy
Published: October 2019

Many parents are unhappy with the way testing has altered, expanded and taken hold in primary schools in recent years. Some parents chose to express their objections to primary Standard Assessment Tests (SATs) in particular, through taking part in collective strike action. While research
into testing abounds, the opinions of parents and their role in such activism remain less explored. This article draws from a qualitative pilot study into parental opinions on primary school testing. Some preliminary thematic analysis is presented, giving a flavour of the data. Parents are
concerned with the effect and emotional stress on children, the content and structure of tests and with their broader impact on the curriculum and on classroom teaching. They are impassioned, articulate and forthright.
El Juicio Subjetivo sobre las Desigualdades Sociales: ¿Qué Principios de Justicia se Aplican?
Authors: Mac-Clure Oscar , Barozet Emanuelle , Ayala Constanza , Moya Cristóbal
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN Este artículo estudia las evaluaciones subjetivas de la justicia social en Chile, un país en el cualprevalecen pronunciadas desigualdades sociales al igual que en el resto de América Latina. Analizamos empíricamente las percepciones sobre lo justo y lo injusto en relación con los ingresos de distintas posiciones sociales, buscando responder la pregunta acerca de qué principios de justica aplican las personas. Los resultados muestran que además del mérito individual vinculado al esfuerzo en la educación y en el trabajo, las personas consideran otros principios de justicia, referidos al capital cultural y social, así como al trato en la interacción social. La incidencia de estos principios de justicia varía dependiendo de las posiciones sociales juzgadas y de las características socioeconómicas de los encuestados. Los datos provienen de una encuesta basada en viñetas, aplicada en el año 2016 a una muestra de 2.000 individuos estadísticamente representativa de la población chilena.
Fundente para Recargue por Soldadura con Arco Sumergido a Partir de Ferrocromo-manganeso y Escoria de la Reducción Simultánea de Cromita y Pirolusita
Authors: Cruz-Crespo Amado , Perdomo-González Lorenzo , Quintana-Puchol Rafael , Scotti Américo
Published: October 2019

Resumen Se aborda la obtención de un fundente para recargue duro por Soldadura con Arco Sumergido (SAW), empleando ferrocromo-manganeso y escoria obtenidos de la reducción carbotérmica simultánea de cromita y pirolusita. El ferrocromo-manganeso y la escoria fueron obtenidos, concibiendo que ambos productos satisfagan los requisitos de los componentes (sistema de aleación y matriz) de un fundente aglomerado para el recargue. El proceso de fusión-reducción para la obtención de la aleación y la escoria fue realizado en horno de arco eléctrico de corriente continua. El vertido fue realizado en agua para facilitar la separación y molienda de los productos de colada. Fue elaborado un fundente experimental, empleando la aleación y escoria obtenida. Fueron obtenidos depósitos por SAW, los cuales fueron caracterizados en cuanto a: composición química, microestructura y dureza. Se concluyó que el fundente obtenido a partir de ferrocromo-manganeso y escoria de la reducción carbotérmica simultánea de cromita y pirolusita, permite depositar un metal apropiado para el trabajo en condiciones de abrasión, que se caracteriza por significativos contenidos de carbono y cromo y una microestructura predominantemente martensítica, con dureza de 63 HRc.
ETIOLOGIA E SENSIBILIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA IN VITRO DE BACTÉRIAS ISOLADAS DE CABRAS COM MASTITE NO SERTÃO E CARIRI PARAIBANO
Authors: Santos Júnior Dinamérico de Alencar , Matos Rodrigo Antonio Torres , Melo Diego Barreto de , Garino Júnior Felício , Simões Sara Vilar Dantas , Miranda Neto Eldinê Gomes de
Published: October 2019

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a etiologia da mastite em caprinos no sertão e cariri da Paraíba e estabelecer o perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana das bactérias isoladas. Foram identificadas 11,85% de infecções intramamárias em amostras de leite assepticamente coletadas e 236 isolamentos bacterianos com predominância de Staphylococcus spp. Nos casos de mastite clínica, foram coletadas 85 amostras de leite, o que resultou em 34 (40%) isolamentos com maior prevalência de bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus spp. (44,11%) e Trueperella pyogenes (23,52%). A resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos frente aos isolados de mastite subclínica e clínica foram maiores para penicilina (64,31% e 40%) e oxacilina (20,65% e 13,33%), em contraste com a maior suscetibilidade frente aos antimicrobianos cefalotina (100%), clorafenicol (100%) e neomicina (100%). O caráter zoonótico de alguns patógenos, a exemplo do Staphylococcus aureus, ressalta a importância da implantação de programas de controle em propriedades leiteiras.
Trabajo y familia: expectativas en jóvenes chilenos
Authors: Urrutia Veronica Gómez , Urrizola Paulina Royo , Figueroa Andrés Jiménez , Cubillos Miguel Ángel Cruz
Published: October 2019

Resumen Los y las jóvenes enfrentan un mundo donde el contrato social establecido en el siglo XX entre organizaciones y trabajadores/as y entre los sexos está cambiando. Este trabajo explora las expectativas de jóvenes chilenos/as en relación con trabajo y familia, en el contexto de la creciente diversificación de las biografías juveniles. Metodológicamente, el estudio se basa en una encuesta estandarizada aplicada en 2017 a jóvenes inscritos en la educación superior (N=1358) del centro-sur de Chile. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, aunque frecuentemente se les caracteriza ya sea como irresponsables o como víctimas, estos jóvenes reivindican la posibilidad de proyectos vitales propios, aunque en el contexto de desigualdades de género y limitaciones de acceso al mercado laboral.
Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e HIV/AIDS na opinião de idosos que participam de grupos de terceira idade
Authors: Leite Marinês Tambara , Moura Cristiano de , Berlezi Evelise Moraes
Published: October 2019

RESUMO As DSTs e o HIV/Aids são afecções que acometem grande parcela da população. Este estudo buscou identificar o conhecimento que idosos participantes de grupos de terceira idade possuem acerca das DSTs e HIV/Aids. Estudo quantitativo, transversal, realizado em 2006, sendo a coleta de dados por meio de entrevista. Participaram 52 idosos residentes em Ijuí/RS. Após codificação os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Estes mostram predominância do gênero feminino (61,54%), da faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos (73,08%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (59,61%), casado (40,38%). A maioria ouviu falar acerca dessas afecções, e as principais fontes de informação são: televisão (88,46%) e profissionais de saúde (51,92%). Quanto ao HIV, os métodos preventivos conhecidos são: uso de preservativos (73,07%) e ter somente um parceiro sexual (46,15%). Chama a atenção que 25% dos idosos desconhecem que uma pessoa com aparência saudável possa ser portador do HIV e 34,62% referem conhecer pessoas portadoras desta morbidade. Quando questionados sobre as DSTs que conheciam, Aids (63,46%), gonorréia (38,46%); sífilis (28,84%); cancro mole (3,46%); verruga genital (11,53%) foram mencionadas. Sobre a realização do teste para detectar o HIV, 71,15% deles informaram não ter feito. Também, 73,07% não se consideram detentores de risco para contrair estas morbidades, e 38,46% deles nunca fazem uso de preservativos nas relações sexuais. Estes dados mostram que as campanhas de prevenção não estão atingindo adequadamente esse estrato da população, constituindo-se em preocupação, pois muitos idosos têm vida sexual ativa.
Micelas de caseína: dos monômeros à estrutura supramolecular
Authors: Silva Naaman Nogueira , Casanova Federico , Pinto Michele da Silva , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de , Gaucheron Frédéric
Published: October 2019

Resumo A importância primária das micelas de caseína reside no fato de que os processos empregados na transformação do leite em quaisquer de seus derivados dependem, direta ou indiretamente, de sua estabilidade ou de sua desestabilização controlada. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar uma revisão atualizada sobre a organização estrutural das micelas de caseína. Em termos físico-químicos, as micelas de caseína podem ser definidas como agregados supramoleculares esféricos e porosos, altamente hidratados, carregados negativamente, com diâmetro médio de 200 nm, e que apresentam aproximadamente 104 cadeias polipeptídicas. Além de água, as micelas são constituídas por quatro tipos de caseínas, chamadas de αS1, αS2, β, e κ-caseínas, que estão unidas por meio de interações hidrofóbicas e eletrostáticas, e pela presença de minerais, sobretudo sais de fosfato de cálcio, os quais são os principais responsáveis pela manutenção da estrutura micelar. A estabilidade das micelas de caseína é atribuída à presença de uma camada externa difusa, formada basicamente por κ-caseína. Apesar de as propriedades coloidais das micelas de caseína serem conhecidas, ainda não há consenso sobre como as moléculas de caseína estão estruturadas em seu interior. Portanto, os principais modelos que descrevem a organização interna das micelas de caseína são apresentados na parte final do artigo.
Causalidade e Fonoaudiologia: abordagem epidemiológica
Authors: Canto-Soares Natália , Rech Rafaela Soares , Goulart Bárbara Niegia Garcia de
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Objetivo Revisar a literatura dos estudos fonoaudiológicos sob a ótica da epidemiologia, segundo a perspectiva da causalidade. Estratégia de pesquisa Realizou-se um levantamento nas literaturas nacional e internacional com buscas realizadas nas bases PubMed, SciELO e literatura cinzenta, conduzido segundo as instruções da Colaboração Cochrane e publicados até 8 de janeiro de 2019. A pergunta norteadora da revisão indaga se a Fonoaudiologia faz uso dos métodos epidemiológicos em suas evidências para inferir causalidade. Critérios de Seleção Foram incluídos todos os trabalhos que apresentassem abordagem epidemiológica de causalidade em fonoaudiologia, assim como se excluíram os que não apresentassem abordagem metodológica adequada à análise de causa e efeito. Análise dos dados Dois autores deste estudo, de maneira independente, revisaram todas as citações. Utilizou-se um formulário determinado a priori para extrair os seguintes dados: autor, ano de publicação, país de origem, concepção teórica, aplicação ou não do estudo e discussão central abordada no artigo. Resultados Mediante a busca realizada, foram encontrados 3.842 artigos. Contudo, destes nenhum investigou seus desfechos a partir da ótica da causalidade, não permitindo a inferência de causa e efeito. Conclusão Há escassez de estudos que evidenciem a causalidade na Fonoaudiologia, o que pode alterar a efetividade e o manuseio confiável do diagnóstico e a terapêutica fonoaudiológica, visto que ainda se baseia na associação e não na causa nem no efeito de delineamentos apropriados para tal.
Influence of prestress on the natural frequency of a fluid-filled FGM sphere
Authors: Akbarov Surkhay D , Cilli Arzu , Yahnioglu Nazmiye
Published: October 2019

This paper deals with the study of the influence of the inhomogeneous prestresses (initial stresses) in a hollow sphere made of a functionally graded material (FGM) filled with an inviscid compressible fluid on the natural vibration of this sphere. For this study, the three-dimensional exact field equations of the linearized theory of elastic waves in bodies with initial stresses are employed. The motion of the fluid is described by the linearized Navier–Stokes equations for inviscid barotropic compressible fluids. The discrete-analytical solution method proposed by the first author is employed for the solution to the corresponding mathematical problems. Numerical results related to the natural vibration of the mentioned sphere and the influence of the problem parameters on these frequencies are presented and discussed. In particular, it is established that the existence of the fluid leads to a decrease in the natural vibration frequencies. However, a change in the FGM properties of the sphere’s material can lead to an increase in these frequencies.
Interest on Excess Reserves and U.S. Commercial Bank Lending
Authors: Rezende Marcelo , Zarutskie Rebecca , Temesvary Judit
Published: October 2019

In this note, we empirically assess whether changes in the interest on excess reserves (IOER) rate and changes in the spread between the IOER rate and the effective federal funds rate (EFFR) have affected banks’ reserve holdings and lending, controlling for changes in the stance of monetary policy and other macroeconomic conditions.
O Novo Código de Processo Civil e a Atuação do Perito Cirurgião-Dentista: Reflexão Crítica das Alterações Promovidas
Authors: Daniela Gualdi Duhl  , Fábio Delwing  , Mário Marques Fernandes
Published: October 2019

A perícia odontolegal visa o esclarecimento de fatos técnicos odontológicos, sendo solicitada pelo poder judiciário e regida pelas regras processuais civis. O presente trabalho objetivou destacar as orientações da nova legislação processual civil comparando os códigos de 1973 e 2015, visando aprimorar a prática pericial do cirurgião-dentista. Apenas após a produção de laudos consoantes às novas regras processuais é que poderemos saber o comportamento dos juízes e tribunais superiores a respeito das alterações, para assim, formarmos um entendimento acadêmico baseado na jurisprudência e doutrina jurídica. No entanto, verificou-se que houve a dilação de diversos prazos, permitindo maior tempo para a execução de importantes etapas processuais, bem como do interregno punitivo por informações inverídicas prestadas pelo perito, asseverando o compromisso com a técnica de elaboração e veracidade do laudo pericial.
The Effect of Natural Antioxidants on Quality and Shelf Life of Beef and Beef Products
Authors: Horbańczuk Olaf K. , Kurek Marcin A. , Atanasov Atanas G. , Brnčić Mladen , Rimac Brnčić Suzana
Published: October 2019

Oxidation processes are the major cause of deterioration of meat quality and shelf life of meat products, leading to negative changes in nutritive value and in sensory and physicochemical properties of meat. Until now, the synthetic antioxidants like butylated hydroxyl anisole have been commonly used to prevent oxidation, which however may cause potential human health risks and increase toxicity of the product. However, natural antioxidant can be the alternative solution for this problem since plants and plant materials are rich in bioactive compounds (as natural antioxidants) with potential health beneficial effects. Moreover, the interest of consumers in using natural products is still increasing. There is an expectation of replacing synthetic antioxidants and preservatives by natural ones. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to provide information on the effect of natural antioxidants from vegetables and fruits like olives, pomegranate or grapes, and herbs and spices like rosemary, oregano, sage, black cumin or turmeric, rich in bioactive compounds on quality and shelf life of beef and beef products.
Turizmde Kadın Akademisyenler
Authors: GÜÇLÜ NERGİZ Hatice
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’de turizm bilim dalındaki kadın akademisyenlerin mevcut durumunun saptanmasıdır. Bu amaçla, yükseköğretim kurumlarında görevli olan öğretim elemanları ile ilgili veriler derlenerek, farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Mart 2019 tarihi itibariyle turizm bilim alanında akademik.yok.gov.tr internet adresinde kayıtlı toplam 1210 öğretim elemanı bulunmaktadır. Bu akademisyenlerden 486’sı kadın akademisyenlerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, farklı akademik pozisyonlardaki turizm bilim dalındaki kadın akademisyenler unvan, görev yaptıkları üniversitenin niteliği (devlet veya vakıf), anahtar kelime gibi değişkenler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca kadın akademisyenler akademik çalışmaları açısından kitap, makale, bildiri, proje ile öğretim üyeleri yönettikleri tezler açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, turizm alanında kadın akademisyenlerin unvanlarının yayın türlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Annals of Tourism Research Dergisinde Yayımlanan Postmodern Dönemde Turizm Konulu Makaleler: Bibliyometrik İnceleme
Authors: TAYARA Majd , ÖZEL Çağıl Hale
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Annals of Tourism Research dergisinde yayımlanan postmodern dönemde turizm konulu makalelerin bibliyometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Alanyazında turizm-postmodernizm ilişkisini ya da postmodern dönemde turizm alanının özelliklerini konu alan bibliyometrik bir çalışmaya rastlanılamaması, çalışmanın temel çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın verilerinin toplanması amacıyla çevrimiçi ortamda taramanın gerçekleştirildiği dönem, 31 Mayıs-5 Ağustos 2018 tarihleri arasıdır. Derginin 1995-2018 yılları arasındaki 24 yıllık döneminde yayımlanan ve postmodernizm-turizm ilişkisini konu alan toplam 52 adet makale, araştırmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Yapılan bibliyometrik incelemeye göre ilgili konuda yayımlanan makalelerin yoğunlaştığı yıllar, 2010 ve 2011 yıllarıdır. Makalelerin çoğu bireysel olarak kaleme alınan makalelerdir ve makalelerin yazımında görece yüksek sayıda esere atıfta bulunulmaktadır. İncelenen makalelere yapılan atıfların dergilere dağılımı, Bradford Yasası’na; yazar verimliliği ise Lotka Yasası’na uymamaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçların, postmodernizm-turizm ilişkisini ele alan alanyazının nasıl bir gelişim gösterdiğinin derinlemesine anlaşılmasında araştırmacılara yol göstermesi beklenmektedir.
Interaction of Authorities and Business in Solving Housing Problems for Orphaned Children as a Mechanism of Control and Moderation of Social Dependency
Authors: Sedykh Olga
Published: October 2019

Analyzing the prerequisites and conceptual basics of orphaned childrens social dependency, one can note that the phenomenon «social dependency», as it is, has a long history and gained the greatest momentum during the golden age of the national economic possibilities. In terms of the national history it was inherent to the development period of the paternalistic model of social welfare. All segments of the population are subject to influence of parasitism, yet we consider the orphanage as a specific subject of social dependency and come to the conclusion that such a negative form of orphans behavior is shaped in the process of their entire life-sustaining activity as affected by certain personal qualities in terms of deprivation and boarding-school environment. The more the number of orphans, the more obligations arise for the government in implementing their social guarantees. The article analyzes the rights of the orphaned children. The orphaned childrens priority right if the right to housing, as one of the most important problems that the foster children of orphanage houses and the children without parental support face, is the problem of housing provision. The housing problems of orphaned children are rather difficult to solve without presence of sufficient amount of financing. The article shows the mechanism of control and moderation of social dependency brought to life by this right. By analyzing the ways of implementing the housing rights of the orphaned children and the children without parental support, as well as the persons of those involved at the governmental level, the article offers a possible way of attracting business representatives to solving this problem. In order to make the business interested in participation in solving the societys social problems, the government must create certain socio-economic conditions that would contribute to stimulating the business in providing highly-demanded social welfare and services.
Non-Financial Reports of Russian Companies: Topicality and Terms of Compilation
Authors: Sorokina Yelena
Published: October 2019

Implementation of the sustainable development idea with the purpose of preserving the environment is not possible without information about the ecological, social and economic aspects of business activity. It is stated that the main source of relevant indicators and returns available to all interested users is the non-financial reports. The article examines the normative base determining the terms of preparing the non-financial reports by Russian companies. It brings forth the statistics of the non-financial reports of the Russian companies, analyzes their content. It specifies the problem of providing the bona fide of the non-financial reports indicators. It considers the possibility of coordinating the ecological data of the non-financial reports with indicators of the statistical reporting in the field of environmental protection. An attention is given to the Russian governments commitment to increasing the socio-ecological responsibility of the business.