bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Considerations to Enhance Student Success
Authors: Gonga Cavelle R. , Duncan Christina M.
Published: May 2022

The field of school counseling has evolved over the years to transform counselor roles from that of a guidance counselor to that of a professional school counselor positioned to meet the academic, career, and social/emotional needs of all students. In order to contribute to student success, school counselors must be aware of those needs and consider contextual and environmental factors that may impact student experiences. This chapter will address cultural considerations in school counseling, factors that impact service delivery, strategies for counselor self-reflection and professional growth, approaches for building relationships, ideas for rebranding mental health, and the use of courageous conversations.
Creating a Beloved Community for Black Male Students
Authors: Bedford Winifred , Gibson Eva M. , Cook Sandifer Mariama
Published: May 2022

School has been identified as a source of contention for Black male students mirroring the systemic challenges of modern society. Black male students have reported feeling unsupported and experiencing unpleasant attitudes directed towards them by school faculty. Furthermore, exposure to ongoing trauma may serve to exacerbate problematic issues for Black male students leading to increased mental health concerns. School counselors and school psychologists are trained to promote inclusive school cultures, dismantle oppressive practices, and develop intentional supports that are culturally responsive. Collectively, these professionals can expand their efforts and are positioned to maximize student outcomes. This chapter examines the context of Black male student wellness and belongingness in schools. The authors present a proactive, unified approach to mental health support, addressing disparities and promoting school bond among Black male students. Culturally responsive strategies and best practices will be explored, and professional implications will be discussed.
Promoting Entrepreneurship to Reduce Graduate Unemployment
Authors: Yatich Henry Kiptum
Published: May 2022

Graduate unemployment is a growing global concern. In 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO) estimated that more than 73 million youth aged 15–24 were unemployed, the majority of them being student graduates from higher education institutions (HEIs). With a projected population increase of 10 billion by 2050, Africa will constitute 1.4 billion people, the majority of them being young people under the age of 25. Most graduates in developing countries such as Kenya fall under this age group, thus raising concern about their ability to join gainful employment or become self-reliant after graduation. With an average unemployment rate of 7.6% in 2020, The World Bank lists the skills gap between market requirements and the current curriculum provision as an impediment to Kenya's socio-economic agenda. This finding motivates more emphasis for higher education institutions to re-think their approaches in training and skilling. As such, the need for service-learning (SL) as a complementary pedagogy to enhance skills sets among graduates is necessary.
Uprooting Poverty and Unemployment Through Youth Entrepreneurship Leadership and Skills Development
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: May 2022

This chapter interrogates the notion of youth entrepreneurship and leadership as the pathway towards dealing with youth poverty and unemployment in the context of South Africa. Entrepreneurship is gaining currency as one of the panacea for youth unemployment and underemployment within the government cycles and youth-orientated organizations. For youth entrepreneurship and leadership interventions to yield desired results, young people should master technology and be innovative in developing and growing sustainable businesses. It is against this that this chapter argues that through entrepreneurial mind-set together with innovative skills and competencies as well as financial and infrastructural support, young people could make a dent on existing poverty and unemployment challenges. Youth entrepreneurial organizations and projects are used to demonstrate the opportunities and challenges of using youth entrepreneurship as one of the pathways to deal with poverty and unemployment in South Africa.
Educating Relational and Emotional Well-Being in Girls and Boys Through Traditional Paradoxical Games
Authors: Lavega-Burgués Pere , Mallén-Lacambra Carlos , Pic Miguel
Published: May 2022

Educating gender socioemotional well-being is a great education challenge. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify the motor interactions (cooperation and opposition), the emotional intensity, the motivational interest, and the perception of success by gender in two traditional paradoxical games (TPG) (Hunting Ball and Sitting Ball); (2) to relate the intensity of emotions in both games; and (3) to reveal the predictive capacity of the motor interaction and emotion on the interest aroused by games. A total of 42 students (boys = 21; 50%; girls = 21; 50%) played both games. After each game was over, the participants answered the Games and Emotions Scale. For the differences between Hunting Ball and Sitting Ball, mean and standard deviation, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p-value, and the effect sizes were performed. The results support the great contribution of TPG for educating the relational and emotional well-being between genders.
Social Interaction Through Structured Play Activities and Games in Early Childhood
Authors: Chatzipanteli Athanasia , Adamakis Manolis
Published: May 2022

The aim of this chapter is to identify the importance of structured play activities in children's holistic development, particularly in the development of social skills. It consists of two sections: a theoretical and a practical section. The theoretical section focuses on structured physical activities such as integrated and organized/cooperative activities, which can promote communication and students' interpersonal skills. The practical section informs educators on how to establish classroom rules and routines for creating a positive environment, use student-centered teaching styles such as the practice and reciprocal styles, apply teaching models like the Hellison model, and use modified games that foster students' social and life skills. Practical examples are also presented. It is concluded that in physical education classes, children's social and life skills can be developed through structured games and activities.
Influence of a Program Based on Aquatic Motor Stories on the Self-Esteem of Students Aged 3 to 6 Years
Authors: Simón-Piqueras Juan Ángel , Núñez-Tébar Cristina
Published: May 2022

This document presents a way of knowing the influence between the aquatic environment and the stage of early childhood education. In it, an “IMA” program has been implemented for children between 5 and 6 years old, based on motor stories with themes close to them, to promote self-esteem. This program has been carried out with two groups, an experimental group where stories have been developed in the water and a control group developing traditional classes and where only the students were observed. In these groups, the authors wanted to value body and socio-affective self-esteem through Edina self-esteem booklets individually and anonymously. With the data obtained through the questions raised, results have been achieved with which to assess the self-esteem of children of these ages, highlighting benefits through the implementation of motor stories unlike traditional classes in which the results worsened, so it is demonstrated that the aquatic environment is an ideal place to work aspects related to emotional education at an early age, through playful aspects such as motor stories.
Complexity in Teaching Games for Understanding Notions of Motor Behaviour
Authors: Neto Luiz Sanches , Venâncio Luciana , Ferracioli-Gama Marcela de Castro
Published: May 2022

This chapter's general perspective is to explore complex thinking in teaching elements of cultural dynamics (with an emphasis on the play), aspects of body dynamics (with an emphasis on motor behaviour), and movement dynamics (with an emphasis on fundamental motor skills). The research context is the institutional program of pedagogical residency for physical education teacher education (PETE) at one Brazilian university. The objective is to present evidence of complexity in teaching games for understanding (TGfU) notions of motor behaviour in the context of PETE. The specificities of PETE point to recurrent problems for researchers from different areas, such as games and the process of motor development throughout childhood. The research that underlies this chapter is qualitatively oriented. From the thematic analysis, the themes relevant to TGfU were identified in the codes of cultural elements, themes of motor behaviour in (inter)personal aspects, and themes of motor skills in the dynamics of movement.
Assessing Declarative Tactical Knowledge in Physical Education
Authors: Barca Michele , Quinto Antonella Maria Vittoria , Sgrò Francesco
Published: May 2022

The chapter seeks to resolve two important educational issues in order to make the use of tactical knowledge assessment tools simple and intuitive: 1) How can we characterize and contextualize the definition of tactical knowledge in the learning environment? 2) What are the tools adequate to assess the students' development related to the tactical knowledge in a simple and ecological way? Replies to these questions are proposed alongside the four sections of this chapter. The first one introduces the auxology of cognitive development through Jean Piaget's theory of developmental stages. The second section focuses on cognitive learning in physical activity and sports sciences. The third section provides a definition of the proceduralization of declarative tactical knowledge (DTK) in open-skill sports. The fourth section provides the readers with some practical suggestions about the procedures for assessing students' development related to the cognitive domain and presents some tools for measuring the DTK level among students and players.
Importance of the Physical Sports Experience in Modern Physical Education
Authors: Izquierdo María Isabel Cifo , Alcaraz-Muñoz Verónica , Roque Jose Ignacio Alonso
Published: May 2022

The main objective of this chapter was to examine whether the sporting experience determines the emotional experience of the participants when playing competitive sports games. Seventy-three students (51 boys and 22 girls) of the 2nd year of the Degree in Physical Activity and Sport Sciences of the Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM) participated in the study. To identify the emotional intensity experienced by the participants, the Games and Emotion Scale (GES) was used, and the generalized estimating equations test (GEE) and classification trees (CHAID method) were chosen to analyze the data obtained. The results showed that participants with previous physical-sports experience experienced emotions more intensely than participants with no previous experience. The conclusion drawn was that the physical-sports experience determines the optimal emotional experience of the students.
Theoretical Review of Motor Games as a Teaching and Learning Activity in the Area of Physical Education
Authors: López Pedro José Carrillo
Published: May 2022

Motor games have been displaced by virtual games, which contrasts with the development of skills and the socialization of human beings. The aim of this theoretical review was to define the concepts associated with motor game in order to establish methodological adaptations associated with its characteristics in the area of Physical Education and to advance in the development of this term in order to respond to the needs and interests of students in the 21st century. The search includes articles published from 1938 to 2021. This theoretical review concludes that there is general agreement that motor games are fundamental for the integral development of 21st century schoolchildren. In this context, Physical Education acquires an essential role for this integral development, and play is an excellent means to achieve it.
A Proposal of a Gamified Physical Education Lesson to Enhance Social and Emotional Skills in Primary Education
Authors: Montesinos Cristina Honrubia , Gil-Madrona Pedro , Bartolomé Jorge González , Molina Alejandro Sánchéz
Published: May 2022

The literature has highlighted that gamification is an innovative methodology that might improve social and emotional skills. The aim was to analyse the impact of a gamified intervention in physical education on social and emotional domains with students of 5th grade of primary education. A gamified intervention during eight weeks was developed with the experimental group composed of 25 students. A control group was also established with 27 students who followed regular physical education sessions. Regarding instruments, the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) scale was used to assess emotional skills and the classroom assessment scoring system (CLASS) to analyze social skills. Results highlighted that the experimental group scored higher in social and emotional skills after the intervention in comparison with the control group. The findings have shed light on the importance of using innovative methodologies such as gamification to develop social and emotional skills.
Digitalising the Museum
Authors: Milic Nela
Published: May 2022

Digitalising the Museum is an online repository created as a substitute for physical visits to London's museums and galleries and art centres that were meant to be undertaken by undergraduates from the London College of Communication (LCC) in 2020. In an attempt to provide a version of the exhibition experience whilst arts venues were in lockdown due to pandemic, the author began exploring their online provision, featuring it in a virtual learning resource and theorising ‘digital museum'. This became the groundwork for a project conducted with the alumni who started evaluating digital exhibitions, tours, and artefacts at London art venues with an interest to support them whilst their doors were closed, their staff furloughed, and decolonisation agenda become reinvigorated with the Black Lives Matter movement. The author reflected on the alumni's findings to map the museums engagement with digital technology throughout the pandemic caused by COVID-19.
Assessing South Africa Museum Transformation Since 1994
Authors: Netshakhuma Nkholedzeni Sidney
Published: May 2022

This chapter assesses museum transformation since the demise of the apartheid government. The literature review was used. The author found that a lot needs to be done in South Africa to integrate South Africa communities. This is because South Africa museums still divide. The review of literature found that most museums still preserve white supremacy museum artefacts.
Digital Transformation-Oriented Innovation in Museum Settings via Digital Engagement
Authors: Yuce Ali
Published: May 2022

The digital era has been one of the most popular topics that has drawn a vast amount of attention over the past several decades. Digitalization-oriented innovative approaches to unleash the business potential and improve consumer satisfaction with immersive technologies have been another hot topic among scholars. Although theoretical-based discussion dates back to the 1930s regarding the development of virtual reality, practical aspects of immersive technology are still scant in the current literature. Thus, this study proposes several objectives: (1) how advanced immersive technology can revolutionize the accessibility of the museums, (2) how VR technology influences visitors' motivation, (3) the linkage between VR technology and visit and revisit intentions. Due to the lack of supporting evidence in a museum setting, this chapter also aims to enhance the extant literature by exploring the critical aspects of VR technology. Lastly, this study also intends to come up with constructive, innovative, and creative suggestions for the local and national authorities and museum management teams.
Effects of N-acetylcysteine and metformin treatment on the stereopathological characteristics of uterus and ovary
Authors: Rafiee Bahare , Karbalay-doust Saied , Tabei Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Azarpira Negar , Alaee Sanaz , Lohrasbi Parvin , Bahmanpour Soghra
Published: May 2022

In this study, the stereo-pathological effect of metformin and N-acetyl cysteine is evaluated on the uterus and ovary of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice. 96 mature females (8-weekold, weight of 20–30 gr) BALB/c mice were classified into 6 groups including the control group (n= 16), letrozole-induced PCOS group (n=16), PCOS + metformin (n=16), PCOS+NAC (n=16) and a separate control group for NAC (n=16). Another PCOS group was maintained for a month to make sure that features remain till the end of the study. Testosterone level, vaginal cytology and stereological evaluations were assessed. Vaginal cytology in letrozole-receiving mice showed a diestrus phase continuity. Testosterone level, body weight, uterine weight, endometrial volume, myometrial volume, gland volume, stromal volume, epithelial volume, vessel volume, daughter and conglomerate glands, endometrial thickness, and myometrial thickness exhibited an increasing trend in the uterus of PCOS mice. While normal gland and vessel length decreased in the PCOS group. Ovarian volume, corticomedullary volume, primary follicles, secondary follicles, and ovarian cysts were increased in PCOS ovaries. While corpus luteum, primordial, graafian, and atretic follicles showed a decline in the PCOS group. NAC and metformin, however, managed to restore the condition to normal. Given the prevalence of PCOS and its impact on fertility, the use of noninvasive methods is of crucial significance. NAC can control and treat pathological parameters and help as a harmless drug in the treatment of women with PCOS.
Montanoa tomentosa. A review of the new scientific evidence on pharmacological properties
Authors: Venturella Fabio , Mortillaro Francesca , Cancellieri Giulia , Giammanco Marco , Mistretta Irene , Liga Anastasia Valentina
Published: May 2022

Montanoa tomentosa is a shrub, belonging to the Asteraceae family, originally from Mexico and Central America, and it is known for its medicinal properties. The origins of its use in the field of herbal medicine can be traced back to the Mexican tradition. It was used for sexual dysfunctions. The extract of leaves was used in women to induce menstruation, abortion and labor, and also to reduce postpartum bleeding. The leaves are also used for their diuretic properties and the ground roots are used in the treatment of dysentery. Over time, studies have been conducted to identify the compounds responsible for the therapeutic activity and their mechanism of action. Two studies conducted in rats demonstrated the aphrodisiac properties of Montanoa tomentosa. This activity has been attributed to the presence of components that act as oxytocic agents. Furthermore, other studies have shown that Montanoa has anxiolytic properties. The mechanism underlying this action lies in the interaction with the GABAA receptor. However, it has been shown that the anxiolytic effect is influenced by the individual endocrine status: in conditions of low hormone levels the anxiolytic effect is more pronounced; in conditions of high hormonal levels, a state like anxiety is observed. Despite the multiple properties of Montanoa, today’s research is geared towards strengthening its clinical relevance as a natural antidepressant agent.
The Bacteriological and Clinical Outcomes of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Post-cardiac Surgery in the Pediatric Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: S. Bharathi K. , Pruthi Gegal , S. Lathashree , Simha Parimala Prasanna
Published: May 2022

Background:

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious nosocomial infection that threatens pediatric patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. The aim of this study is to analyze the bacteriological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of the organisms grown from pediatric patients diagnosed as VAP after cardiac surgery and also to study the bacteriological and clinical outcomes of the patients.

Patients and Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institution in children aged younger than 14 years who had undergone cardiac surgery and were diagnosed to have VAP and on mechanical ventilation (MV). The clinical and the bacteriological profile of patients with VAP, the systemic antibiotics used, the resistance pattern to the antibiotics, and, finally, the bacteriological and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results:

Among the 98 patients with VAP, 55% were early onset (<4 days of MV) and 45% were late onset (>4 days of MV) VAP. Among the most common pathogens causing VAP, Klebsiella and Escherichia coli contributed to 18% each of the total VAP. Twenty percent of VAP were polymicrobial in origin. About 63% of organisms were resistant to Augmentin, and 11% of the organisms were multidrug resistant (MDR).

Conclusion:

This study not only showed the pattern of early and late onset VAP but also revealed the bacteriological profile and the resistance pattern of the local microbial flora causing VAP, guiding us in a more efficient management of VAP in children.
Comparison of Macintosh, McCoy, Truview EVO2, and King Vision Laryngoscopes for Intubation in Patients with Immobilized Cervical Spine
Authors: Gulati Smita , Samui Samarendra Nath , De Anisha
Published: May 2022

Background:

Immobilization of the neck in cervical spine injury patients can lead to misalignment of the oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal axis, thereby making intubation more difficult. The principal aim of our study was to compare the efficacy of King Vision, Truview Evo2, and McCoy with Macintosh laryngoscope in patients getting intubated with cervical spine immobilized using manual inline stabilization.

Materials and Methods:

This was a randomized, controlled trial of 160 patients who were randomized to undergo surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. We equally divided the subjects into using either Macintosh, McCoy, Truview Evo2, and King Vision laryngoscopes to facilitate intubation. We evaluated the intubation difficulty using the Intubation Difficulty Score (IDS) and Cormack–Lehane grading.

Results:

King Vision, Truview Evo2, and McCoy reduced the IDS as compared to Macintosh (P < 0.001). King Vision showed a first-attempt success rate of 100%. Cormack and Lehane's glottic views were best with King Vision followed by Truview Evo2 and there was much less need for external manipulation as compared to McCoy and Macintosh. Time taken for intubation was least with McCoy blade (22.9 ± 7.2 s, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The use of both King Vision and Truview Evo2 significantly resulted in a decreased the IDS and improved Cormack–Lehane grading as compared to Macintosh and McCoy.
Intratracheal Lidocaine Reduces Incidence of Cough During Extubation and Sore Throat After Tonsillectomy Surgery
Authors: Artawan I Made , Sagita Sidarta , Dedi Maria Agnes Etty
Published: May 2022

Background:

The incidence of cough during extubation occurs in 40–76% of patients. One effort to reduce this incidence is the use of lidocaine. This study aims to further investigate the benefits of intratracheal lidocaine in reducing the incidence of cough during extubation and sore throat after tonsillectomy surgery.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a single-blind clinical trial. The research subjects were taken by consecutive sampling. A total of 51 subjects who met inclusion and exclusion criteria will be divided into three groups: lidocaine intubation group (Group LI); lidocaine extubation group (Group LE), and control group. Comparison of cough scores during extubation and sore throat scores on the 1st and 6th hours after tonsillectomy surgery in the three groups was analyzed.

Results:

In this study, the results showed the cough scores and sore throat scores on the 1st and 6th hours postoperatively between the LI and LE groups when compared with the control group were significantly lower (P < 0.001). The cough scores between the LI group and the LE group were not significantly different (P = 0.234). Likewise, comparison of sore throat scores on the 1st and 6th hours postoperatively between the LI group and the LE group was not significantly different (P = 0.728 and P = 0.537, respectively).

Conclusion:

Lidocaine intratracheal given just before intubation or just before extubation significantly reduced the incidence of cough during extubation and sore throat on the 1st and 6th hours postoperatively when compared with placebo in the post-tonsillectomy surgery.
Effects of Parenteral Protein Concentrations in Critically Ill Patients in ICU
Authors: Youssef Ibrahim Abbas , Hasan Karim Naser , Mohmed Ahmed Hassanein
Published: May 2022

Background:

Parenteral protein supplements can prevent deterioration of acute critical illness during admission at intensive care unit (ICU). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of parenteral proteins on ICU outcome and to compare the effect of two different protein concentrations on handgrip strength in critically ill patients.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective comparative study included 60 acute critically ill patients who had parenteral nutrition during their ICU stay. The patients were divided into two groups: a standard protein group who received protein concentration of 1 g/kg/day (group A) and a high-protein group who received protein concentration of 2 g/kg/day (group B). The nutrition was delivered through a central line and the separate bottles technique.

Results:

Nitrogen balance was more negative in group B compared to group A within the first 3 days. The handgrip strength on day 7 was significantly higher in group B than group A. The forearm thickness, quadriceps muscle thickness, and overall muscle thickness were significantly higher in group B on day 7. The durations of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and total hospital stay were not significantly different between both groups. The protein dose was not significantly associated with the overall 2-month mortality.

Conclusion:

High parenteral protein intake (2 g/kg/day) associated with better handgrip strength and significant improvement of muscle thickness at the end of the 1st week of follow-up. Studies with larger sample size and longer durations of follow-up are recommended.
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) in post-partum bleeding patient
Authors: Maulydia Maulydia , Airlangga Prananda Surya , Siregar Mara Imam Taufiq , Hendriana Dewi Rosita
Published: May 2022

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a rare but fatal complication of blood transfusion. However, it is frequently under-reported and not diagnosed. We reported a 32-year-old pregnant woman at 30/31 gestational weeks who developed acute respiratory distress and hemodynamic instability during transfusion in the post-operative period. Diagnosis of TRALI was made after excluding other possible causes of acute lung injury. We treated the patient with conservative treatment in the obstetrics emergency room based on the initial examination results and scheduled for an elective cesarean section (C-section). Transfusions of packed red blood cells were planned to increase the Hb level. The patient suddenly experienced shortness of breath during the transfusion with a relative risk of 30–36×/min. The patient was given 10 lpm oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask, and oxygen saturation was 86%. The patient's blood pressure was 88/40 mmHg, and heart rate was 126×/min. The transfusion was immediately stopped. Fluid resuscitation with a crystalloid solution for hemodynamic improvement was given when the patient was intubated. After several treatments, the patient's condition was getting better. On day 4, hemoglobin level increased to 9.1 mg/dL, hematocrit 27.6%, leukocytes 9.660/µL, and platelets 72,000/µL. Ventilator weaning was done gradually, and the patient was finally extubated on the 5th day of treatment.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Das Pinaki , Karmakar Arnab
Published: May 2022

Patellofemoral dislocations are commonly encountered knee ailment. Although majority of the patients are managed conservatively, depending on the patients’ demands and predisposing factors, patients with recurrent dislocations often require surgical intervention. The main aim of any surgical procedure should be to restore the anatomy of the soft tissue as well as the bony elements. We here describe a technique which combines transverse patella double tunnel technique with tibial tuberosity distalization and medicalization to reconstruct the medial patellofemoral ligament using a free autologous semitendinosus graft.
Double Trouble
Authors: Lavadi Raj Swaroop , Venkatachalaiah Ranjitha , Prasad Madhva
Published: May 2022

A 46-year-old female came to the gynecology outpatient department with heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding. The examination revealed a thyroid mass and tachycardia. Systemic and gynecological examinations were insignificant. Laboratory tests revealed a deranged thyroid profile which was further explored by performing magnetic resonance imaging. This revealed a functioning pituitary microadenoma producing thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). This entity is known as a TSHoma. Ultrasonography of the abdomen and pelvis showed increased endometrial thickness. The patient was treated with antithyroid medication and has undergone Mirena intrauterine contraceptive device insertion. The patient is planned for a hysterectomy when the thyroid profile is normalized.
Late presentation of lane-hamilton syndrome in a 33 year old female
Authors: Mishra Sarvesh Chandra , Gupta Aviral , Sharma Srishti , Gupta Archna
Published: May 2022

Lane-Hamilton syndrome (LHS) is a rare syndromic association between idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and celiac disease (CD). It is usually seen in children below 15 years of age. It can occasionally be seen in adults. We present the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent episodes of hemoptysis to the pulmonary outpatient department. She also gave a history of having frequent loose stools. She was admitted and investigated thoroughly and was found to be suffering from LHS which is a rare disease. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and duodenal biopsy helped in concluding the diagnosis. She was started on gluten-free diet (GFD) and has responded well with no episodes of hemoptysis on 9-month follow-up and is in good general condition. This case highlights the importance of keeping a high index of suspicion of LHS in a young patient presenting with unexplained hemoptysis and diarrhea. In a known case of CD presenting with hemoptysis, a HRCT chest aids in the diagnosis of LHS. A GFD is the mainstay of long-term treatment, and adherence to this diet shows remarkable improvement in the symptoms of the patient and their overall general condition.
Concurrent Coronary, Left Ventricle, and Cerebral Thrombosis – A Trilogy
Authors: Bhandari Monika , Pradhan Akshyaya Kumar , Vishwakarma Pravesh , Sethi Rishi
Published: May 2022

Left ventricular (LV) thrombus is a known complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially anterior wall MI and leads to systemic thromboembolism. However, increase in the rates of coronary perfusion either by thrombolysis or percutaneous interventions have reduced its incidence. Concurrent stroke and MI are seen in 0.009% of cases. The occurrence of AMI with LV thrombus with or without stroke mandates the combination of antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapy. Hitherto, there are no randomized studies in the setting of AMI with LV thrombus comparing dual (single antiplatelet plus oral anticoagulant [OAC]) and triple therapy (dual antiplatelet therapy with OAC). There are no large randomized trials as well to delineate the optimal therapy for simultaneous cardiac and cerebral infarction. We hereby, report an unusual case of a young patient who presented with triple combo of acute anterior wall MI, LV thrombus, and ischemic stroke and discuss the challenges in management in this scenario.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of techniques of breastfeeding among new mothers
Authors: VERMA Himanshu , SINGH Sirshti , BAHUGUNA Nitika , DAHIYA Mukul , SHAH Jyoti
Published: May 2022

Objective:

The present study aims to evaluate aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primiparous mothers in the immediate postpartum period regarding breastfeeding techniques which will be helpful in forming awareness and training programs.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was used. A total of 120 primiparous mothers with a mean age of 24.92 years participated in the survey and filled the questionnaire related to the knowledge, attitude, and practice of techniques of breastfeeding.

Results:

Results revealed that 48.3% of new mothers were not aware of the correct techniques to initiate breastfeeding, whereas 68.3% of subjects reported that during latching, the baby's upper and lower lip should be everted. The majority of new mothers were aware of breastfeeding techniques with some misconceptions as in our culture, most of the breastfeeding information passed from generation to generation.

Conclusion:

The level of awareness about feeding skills among primiparous mothers can be further improved by antenatal counseling or training from health-care workers during the gestational period. This will further help new mothers to educate and will provide adequate information which will decrease the myths.
Omicron
Authors: SHABAN Mostafa , SHABAN Marwa Mamdouh , RAMADAN Osama , MOHAMMED Huda Hamdy
Published: May 2022

Objective:

The current study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of nurses toward the current COVID-19 pandemic and Omicron variant.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional online survey was used. Totally 277 Egyptian nurses completed an electronic questionnaire comprising demographics with 5 items, nurses' knowledge on Omicron with 18 questions, and nurses' attitudes on Omicron with 5 questions. The data collected were expressed using numbers, percentages, and mean and standard deviation.

Results:

The mean age of nurses was 27 ± 5 years, nearly 50% of the nurses were bachelor degrees. The total score of correct answers related to knowledge was 75%, showing the different degrees of knowledge about Omicron. The majority of nurses showed positive attitudes toward controlling and managing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:

Egyptian nurses have average knowledge about Omicron and a positive attitude toward controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. There should be scope for further assessment to enhance understanding about COVID-19. Moreover, health education programs should be developed for nursing staff to improve information, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes towards the Omicron variant in particular and the COVID-19 pandemic in general.
Mental health of Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Jeong Hyunsuk , Park Suyeon , Kim Jihee , Oh Kyungwon , Yim Hyeon Woo
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associated social distancing, limited freedom, and fear of an uncertain future are expected to have substantial mental health effects. We investigated mental health responses in the community during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea.METHODS: We used 2016-2019 and 2020 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to assess pre-pandemic and pandemic mental health status, respectively, in terms of perceived severe stress, depression, and suicidal plans. All analyses were gender-stratified. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were performed according to age, employment status, and household income.RESULTS: The percentage of Korean adults with suicidal plans increased significantly from 1.3%p (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 1.5) in 2016-2019 to 1.8%p (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.1) in 2020. Individuals in their 20s and 40s showed a marked increase in suicidal plans (1.2%p; 95% CI, 0.0 to 2.3 and 0.9%p; 95% CI, 0.0 to 1.8, respectively). In men, depression and perceived severe stress increased significantly from pre-COVID-19 to 2020. There was a 2.4%p (95% CI, 0.8 to 4.0) increase in depression among standard workers and a 2.9%p increase in depression in individuals in the second-highest quintile of household income from 2016 and 2018 to 2020.CONCLUSIONS: As COVID-19 continued, mental health issues such as suicidal plans, depression, and severe stress increased significantly in young men and people in the second-highest quintile of household income. Proactive community mental health efforts are needed to prevent increases in the suicide rate resulting from prolonged exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Smoking, drinking, and physical activity among Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Choi Sunhye , Bahk Jinwook , Park Suyeon , Oh Kyungwon , Jung-Choi Kyunghee
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe trends in health behaviours between 2011 and 2020 and compare the changes in these behaviours between the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and previous periods according to socio-demographic variables.METHODS: This study used data from the 2011 to 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Current cigarette smoking, high-risk drinking, and inadequate physical activity levels were used as health behaviour indicators. The age-standardized prevalence, differences in prevalence between the periods, and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated.RESULTS: Current cigarette smoking showed a decreasing trend (APC, -2.6), high-risk drinking remained unchanged, and inadequate physical activity levels increased (APC, 3.5) during 2011-2020. There were significant differences in high-risk drinking (3.1%p; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3 to 5.9) and inadequate physical activity levels (4.3%p; 95% CI, 0.4 to 8.1) between 2019 and 2020 in men. Among men, increased high-risk drinking was found in those aged 40-49 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the middle and highest income groups between 2019 and 2020. The low educational group and manual workers among men aged 30-59 years also showed an increased proportion of high-risk drinking. Inadequate physical activity levels also increased among men between 2019 and 2020 in those aged 30-39 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the upper-middle-income group.CONCLUSIONS: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean men’s high-risk drinking and inadequate physical activity levels increased. In addition to social efforts to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, active measures to positively change health behaviour are needed.
Study on the Take‐over Performance of Level 3 Autonomous Vehicles Based on Subjective Driving Tendency Questionnaires and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Kim Hyunsuk , Kim Woojin , Kim Jungsook , Lee Seung‐Jun , Yoon Daesub , Kwon Oh‐Cheon , Park Cheong Hee
Published: May 2022

Level 3 autonomous vehicles require conditional autonomous driving in which autonomous and manual driving are alternately performed; whether the driver can resume manual driving within a limited time should be examined. This study investigates whether the demographics and subjective driving tendencies of drivers affect the take‐over performance. We measured and analyzed the reengagement and stabilization time after a take‐over request from the autonomous driving system to manual driving using a vehicle simulator that supports the driver's take‐over mechanism. We discovered that the driver's reengagement and stabilization time correlated with the speeding and wild driving tendency as well as driving workload questionnaires. To verify the efficiency of subjective questionnaire information, we tested whether the driver with slow or fast reengagement and stabilization time can be detected based on machine learning techniques and obtained results. We expect to apply these results to training programs for autonomous vehicles' users and personalized human–vehicle interfaces for future autonomous vehicles.
A Mapping Review on the Uptake of the COVID-19 Vaccine among Adults in Africa Using the 5As Vaccine Taxonomy
Authors: Kalu Michael E. , Oyinlola Oluwagbemiga , Ibekaku Michael C. , Adandom Israel I. , Iwuagwu Anthony O. , Ezulike Chigozie J. , Nwachukwu Ernest C. , Uduonu Ekezie
Published: May 2022

Uptake of a vaccine is complete if individuals are aware of the associated risks of the vaccine, accept the vaccine, and respond positively to the nudges (activation) to increase the uptake, and respond when the vaccine is made accessible and affordable. We mapped systematically the existing literature concerning the 5As—acceptability, accessibility, affordability, awareness, and activation—of COVID-19 vaccination among adults and, specifically, older adults (55 years and older) in Africa. We searched multiple databases from 2020 to December 2021. Using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers screened citations, conducted title and abstract screening, and extracted data independently. We included 68 articles conducted in 33 African countries, primarily cross-sectional studies (n = 49, 72%). None of the articles focused on older adults only, but 22 articles (32%) included at least one older adult (55 years and older) in their sample size. Acceptance (n = 58, 85%) was the most commonly researched aspect of vaccine uptake, followed by accessibility (n = 17, 25%), awareness (n = 13, 19%), and affordability (n = 5, 7.0%). We found only one report on activation. Factors affecting acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Africa were grouped into sociodemographic factors; knowledge-, attitude-, and belief-related factors; a COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and safety concern factor; and trust in government and public health authorities. The governments of African nations should focus on strategies to influence the modifiable factors identified in this review. More studies are needed to evaluate the impact of nudges (activation) to improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake in African nations.
Ten-Year History of Social Network Logics in China
Authors: Liu Fenrong , Li Dazhu
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a ten-year history of social network logics in China. It tells the story of how this new research area was started, how its research agenda was extended, and, in particular, how a focus on graph games developed. Important ideas and research results are summarised, with an emphasis on the connections between them. An important aspect of this history is the successful collaboration between Chinese and international colleagues.
70 Years of Logic in China, 1949-2019
Authors: Chen Bo
Published: May 2022

This article outlines the history of logic in China from 1949 to 2019. Firstly, it presents a rough picture of Chinese logic before 1949 using broad brushstrokes. Secondly, it divides the whole process of development into two stages. In the first 30 years from 1949 to 1979, Chinese logic made some achievements, but also went along some detours, and its overall situation was unsatisfactory. In the latter 40 years from 1979 to 2019, due to Deng Xiaoping’s reform and opening up, many Chinese logicians went abroad for academic visits or to study degrees in foreign universities or research institutes, gradually became familiar with and even integrated into the international mainstream of logic teaching and research, and ushered in the great flourishing of logic in China we see today. Finally, it draws four lessons from this process of development, as follows. 1) Let politics and academia live in peace, by respecting and adhering to the idea of academic freedom. 2) Academic advances cannot be achieved in isolation from the world, so we should fully embrace the international academic community, while insisting on our own independent thinking. 3) We should always adhere to the policy of “letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend”, so that different academic viewpoints and tendencies can be improved and developed in their mutual collision. 4) We should cultivate academic self-confidence, gradually make the change from pure follow-up learning to original work in some fields of logic.
Between Philosophy and Mathematics
Authors: Vrhovski Jan
Published: May 2022

This article studies some central developments in the propagation and teaching of mathematical logic in 1930s China. Focusing on the emergence of a twofold disciplinary approach to mathematical logic, namely as a discipline studied and disseminated by Chinese philosophers on the one hand and mathematicians on the other, this paper explores one of the key turning points in the development of the academic notion of mathematical logic in China. Apart from casting some light on the teaching of mathematical logic in the framework of both philosophical as well as mathematical spheres of inquiry, this article also provides some preliminary insights into the circumstances surrounding the first systematic introduction of mathematical logic into the modern standardized system of education, which gradually took shape over the late-1920s and early 1930s in China.
Axillary nodal metastasis and resection margins as predictors of Loco Regional Recurrence in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: O Ayandipo O , J Adepoju O , O Ogun G , O Afuwape O , Y Soneye O , B Ulasi I
Published: May 2022

Background: Surgical resection margins (RM), axillary nodal involvement and lymph node ratio (LNR) determine loco-regional control (LRC) in breast cancer management. Late presentation precludes breast conservation therefore surgical option is usually mastectomy and adjuvant chemoradiation minimize loco-regional recurrence (LRR).

Objective: We investigated the prognostic role of lymph nodes positive for malignancy (pN), LNR and RM on LRR of breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Methods: Longitudinal cohort study of 225 females with breast carcinoma managed and followed up for 5-years with end point of LRR or not. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the interaction of resection margin and proportion of metastatic lymph nodes with LRR. The receiver-operator curve was plotted to determine the proportion of metastatic lymph nodes which predicted LRR.

Results: Ninety-nine percent had modified radical mastectomy and 163 (72.4%) had negative resection margins. A mean of 11 axillary lymph nodes were harvested at surgery. The age, positive resection margin and number of harvested nodes with malignant cells are associated with LRR. The overall 5-year LRR rate was 16%.

Conclusion: LRR is dependent on lymph node involvement as well as and tumor aggressiveness.

Keywords: Recurrence; breast cancer; Ibadan; Axillary nodes; resection margins.