bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a hail bearing Mediterranean supercell through weather radars
Authors: Montopoli Mario , Picciotti Errico , Baldini Luca , Di Fabio Saverio , Marzano Frank , Miglietta Marcello M. , Tiesi Alessandro , Mazzà Simone , Vulpiani Gianfranco
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the Mediterranean area has been affected by a continuous and significant increase in the intensity of violent weather events resulting in floods, hailstorms and tornadoes and an increasing impact on human activities, infrastructure and agricultural production.

Among these extreme events, a particularly intense phenomenon occurred on July 10, 2019 affecting much of the central Adriatic coast. In particular, the Pescara area was affected by a supercell that produced heavy rainfall and an exceptional hailstorm, with hailstones even larger than 10 cm in diameter, causing extensive damage.

This contribution documents, for the first time in Italy, the dynamics, morphology and main characteristics of the Pescara supercell [1] which was simultaneously observed, by two C-band meteorological radars of the national Department of Civil Protection (DPC). The results obtained highlight the irreplaceable role of dual-polarization Doppler weather radars in monitoring the evolution of hail, identifying the mesocyclone initiation and the related updraft and downdraft zones as well as their vertical extension, and highlighting the current limitations in determining the size of hail particles from radar measurements. Numerical simulations with the WRF model, using the HAILCAST module to simulate the evolution of hail, were carried out in order to evaluate the capabilities of an operational model in the simulation of such a particular event.

In the context of the intensification of extreme events, this work is also a food for thought on the main aspects to be addressed in the near future to improve the chain of alerting and modelling of extreme events for prevention and civil protection.

[1] M.Montopoli, E.Picciotti, L.Baldini, S.Di Fabio, F.S.Marzano, G.Vulpiani, "Gazing inside a giant-hail-bearing Mediterranean supercell by dual-polarization Doppler weather radar", Atmospheric Research,  Vol. 264, 15 Dec. 2021, 105852, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169809521004087?dgcid=author
On the Redox‐Activity and Health‐Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol
Authors: Costabile Francesca ,   RHAPS team
Published: July 2022

The RHAPS (Redox‐Activity And Health‐Effects Of Atmospheric Primary And Secondary Aerosol) project was launched in 2019 with the major objective of identifying specific properties of the fine atmospheric aerosol from combustion sources that are responsible for toxicological effects and can be used as new metrics for health‐related outdoor pollution studies. Here, we will present the overall methodology of RHAPS, we introduce the phenomenology and the first data observed. A comprehensive physico‐chemical aerosol characterization has been achieved by means of high‐time resolution measurements (e.g., number size distributions, refractory chemical components, elemental composition) and low‐time resolution analyses (e.g., oxidative potential, toxicological assays, chemical composition). Preliminary results indicate that, at the real atmospheric conditions observed (i.e., daily PM1 from less than 4 to more than 50 μg m−3), high/low mass concentrations of PM1, as well as black carbon (BC) and water soluble Oxidative Potential (WSOP,) do not necessarily translate into high/low toxicity. Notably, these findings were observed during a variety of atmospheric conditions and aerosol properties and with different toxicological assessments. Findings suggest a higher complexity in the relations observed between atmospheric aerosol and toxicological endpoints that go beyond the currently used PM1 metrics. Finally, we provide an outlook to companion papers where data will be analyzed in more detail, with the focus on source apportionment of PM1 and the role of source emissions on aerosol toxicity, the OP as a predictive variable for PM1 toxicity, and the related role of SOA possessing redox‐active capacity, exposure‐response relationships for PM1, and air quality models to forecast PM1 toxicity.
Quantifying the contribution of diabatic processes in the intensification of Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones (Medicanes)
Authors: Dafis Stavros , Flaounas Emmanouil , Claud Chantal , Kotroni Vassiliki , Lagouvardos Konstantinos
Published: July 2022

The classification of Mediterranean cyclones has always been a challenging task, especially when grouping warm-core and small-scale cyclones such as the Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones (Medicanes). The sudden intensity changes of Medicanes, the evolution of deep convection and the large spread of forecast tracks in numerical weather forecast models highlight the challenges in understanding the dynamics of these weather systems. In this study, numerical diagnostics are used to explain the evolution and contribution of diabatic processes in case studies of Medicanes. High-resolution simulations with WRF model are utilized and are evaluated against observations, before implementing the Pressure Tendency Equation (PTE). The decomposition of PTE shows interesting results about the contribution of diabatic processes and large-scale forcing during each Medicane. Moreover, an online Potential Vorticity (PV) tracer module is implemented in the WRF model, that provides another metric for the role of latent heating during the same Medicanes. Both approaches help to identify important differences among the case studies and shed a new light on a new pathway of Medicane development.
Tornadoes in Italy: comparative analysis of two Mediterranean tornado hotspots 
Authors: Avolio Elenio , Miglietta Mario Marcello
Published: July 2022

Tornadoes are among the most extreme hazardous weather phenomena. Several recent studies have assessed their important impact also in mid-latitudes European countries. An update climatology of the EF1+ tornadoes in Italy confirms that the central Tyrrhenian (CT) and the South-Eastern (SE) regions of the Italian peninsula represent two of the areas most affected by tornadoes in the Mediterranean.

Two recent works, in particular, analyzed some case studies affecting these two regions: Avolio and Miglietta (2021) studied four tornado-spawning supercells over SE regions, that hit the same (Ionian) areas and that were characterized by similar synoptic conditions; in a more recent work (Avolio and Miglietta, 2022; under review), the same authors performed a synoptic/mesoscale analysis of the main patterns associated to the most intense tornadoes in the CT regions, also analyzing a significant event hitting the surroundings of Rome.

Aim of this work is to propose a comparative analysis between these two tornado hotspots: the possible causes that generate these events in relation to the peculiarities of the two areas are analyzed by using upper air observations, radar images, ERA5 reanalysis, and high resolution WRF simulations. While for tornadoes in southeastern Italy the synergy of orographic forcing and air-sea interaction in a strongly sheared environment appears fundamental, in the Tyrrhenian regions the genesis is mainly related to the presence of convergence lines over the sea.
The Potential of the W-band polarization diversity Doppler radar envisaged for the WIVERN mission for looking into the internal structures of Mediterranean cyclones
Authors: Battaglia Alessandro , Tridon Frederic , Parodi Antonio , Lagasio Martina , Mazzarella Vincenzo , Illingworth Anthony
Published: July 2022

The WIVERN (WInd VElocity Radar Nephoscope, www.wivern.polito.it) mission, one of the four ESA Earth Explorer 11 mission candidates, currently in Phase-0, promises to complement the ADM-Eolus Doppler wind lidar measurements by globally observing, for the first time, vertical profiles of winds in cloudy areas. This work aims to determine the potential of the new cutting edge WIVERN W-band polarization-diversity Doppler radar for sampling Mediterranean hurricanes and monitoring their internal structure. It builds on the recently developed end to end simulator of the WIVERN dual-polarization Doppler conically scanning 94 GHz radar (Battaglia et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 3011–3030, 2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3011-2022). The simulator is applied to: 1) the long-term CloudSat observation dataset of intense cyclones in the Mediterranean basin; 2) a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model very high horizontal resolution (333 m) run for Medicane Apollo occurred in October 2021. The analysis of the CloudSat results provides statistics for understanding which part of the cyclones can actually be seen by the W-band radar and where line of sight winds can be accurately measured. The high resolution WRF simulation provides insight into wind errors introduced by non-uniform beam filling and small-scale convective motions for the WIVERN observing system.
Examining flood damage occurrence at the local level as a function of rainfall, based on insurance claims across an urban Mediterranean region
Authors: Papagiannaki Katerina , Kotroni Vassiliki , Lagouvardos Kostas , Bezes Antonis , Vafeiadis Vasileios , Messini Ioanna , Kroustallis Efstathios , Totos Ioannis
Published: July 2022

Flood-producing rainfall events often lead to material damage to buildings, vehicles, and infrastructure with a significant cumulative economic impact. Especially in urban areas, vulnerability to floods may vary at the local level, and so are the rainfall amounts likely to trigger flood damages. Insurance claims for flood damages can accurately indicate when and where these occurred. In the frame of the YANTAS project (project code:T2EDK-01108), a detailed insurance claims dataset of one of Greece's most important private insurance companies was used, combined with the dense surface weather station data provided by the METEO unit of the National Observatory of Athens. The aim was to model flood damage occurrence and identify the triggering rainfall thresholds at the local level across the Athens Metropolitan Area. Namely, we used eight-year rainfall observations from 66 meteorological stations and insurance claims on the postal code segmentation for the analysis. Logistic regression was applied to statistically model flood damage occurrence. We further applied the ROC curves to assess the performance of the binary response models and define optimal 24-h rainfall thresholds. The method is performed at the municipal level, as municipalities are the first administration level where decision-making to address the local risks for the citizens is needed. The rainfall thresholds were further classified to estimate and map the local risk of flood damages. The applicability of the detected thresholds in early-warning systems is also discussed.
Extreme rainfall estimation in orographically complex ungauged locations
Authors: Formetta Giuseppe , Marra Francesco , Dallan Eleonora , Borga Marco
Published: July 2022

Quantifying rainfall volumes at varying duration and frequencies (e.g. design rainfall) and their uncertainty is crucial for a reliable design of water related infrastructures, such as flood retention reservoirs, urban drainage systems, spillways, culverts. This is of particular relevance in orographically complex area where extreme rainfall could trigger hydro-geological hazards.

Estimate of the design rainfall and its uncertainty is usually done at-site, i.e. at the position where the rain gauge is located and regionalization methods are required to provide estimates in ungauged locations. 

In this work we exploit the potential of the Simplified Metastatistical Extreme Value (SMEV) statistical framework for the analysis of extreme rainfall based on ordinary events and not only the annual maxima and we evaluated the performances of two different regionalization methods (namely, regionalization of extreme rainfall quantiles and of the distribution function parameters). The performance of the two selected approaches is evaluated by leave one out cross-validation and traditional goodness of fit measures (i.e. percent bias, percent root mean square error, and Kling Gupta efficiency).

The study area is the Alto Adige Region located in the Italian Alps, where 57 rain gauges at sub-hourly and hourly time steps are analyzed.

Preliminary results show that accounting for elevation in the regionalization (Kriging) methods provides better performances and reduce the design rainfall uncertainty in ungauged locations.
Changes in flood hazards in North Africa and implications for flood frequency analysis
Authors: Tramblay Yves , El Khalki El Mahdi , Benaabidate Lahcen , Boulmaiz Tayeb , Boutaghane Hamouda , Dakhlaoui Hamouda , Hanich Lahoucine , Ludwig Wolfgang , Meddi Mohamed , Sadaoui Mahrez , El Mehdi Saidi Mohamed , Mahé Gil
Published: July 2022

Maghreb countries are strongly impacted by floods, causing twice as many deaths as in southern European countries in recent decades. However, due to the lack of data accessibility, there are no studies to analyze whether the frequency or intensity of floods are changing at the regional scale. In this work, a recent database of daily river discharge data from 58 basins located in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia with on average 32 years of complete records over the time period 1970-2017 is considered to analyze the evolution of floods. A peaks-over-threshold sampling of flood events is considered, to detect trends on the annual frequency and the magnitude of floods. The results illustrate the complexity of conducting trend detection in a context of high inter-annual variability, with spurious trends detected in several cases due to isolated extreme events. Overall, few statistically significant trends are detected on the intensity of floods but an increase in flood frequency is detected in one-third of the basins. The results are interpreted in relation to land-use change, river regulation by dams and reservoirs, and climatic change. Recommendations concerning the use of frequency analysis approaches on floods in this region are given.
Statistical methodologies for biases correction of precipitation for a convection-permitting climate model and their spatio-temporal patterns in North-Eastern Italy
Authors: Schiavo Massimiliano , Dallan Eleonora , Fosser Giorgia , Marra Francesco , Borga Marco
Published: July 2022

We investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of annual and seasonal biases in extreme precipitation simulated by a convection permitting climate model forced with reanalysis data (Era Interim driven COSMO-CLM model) across a 10-years period (2000-2009). Specifically, we aim at developing an adjustment procedure able to preserve extremes at different temporal and spatial scales, and which can be applied to future scenarios.

The biases are here defined as the ratio between simulated and observed rainfall at 130 rain gauges. The quantile-based analysis reveals a general overestimation for gauges located in foothill or mountain areas (elevation > 500 m asl), and a general underestimation over lowland sites. This behavior is recurrent for various investigated quantities, such as annual or seasonal biases, and their counterparts estimated upon Extreme precipitation Values (EV) or wet periods. We also observe a temporal heterogeneity of the biases estimated in different years or seasons. Dry years (e.g. 2003) are characterized by remarkably high biases, while those estimated upon springs and autumns data within the investigation period are generally overestimated and underestimated, respectively.

We explore two preliminary adjustment approaches: Quantile Mapping (QM) and Linear Scaling (LS) adjustments. QM corrects simulated rainfall series but can affect the rainfall temporal autocorrelation. Conversely, LS preserves the autocorrelation but fails in the correction of seasonal and annual biases. EV-related biases are not properly corrected, and further statistical methods need to be formulated to correct EV simulated rainfall while both respecting their ACF and taking into account orographic effects.
A new approach for spatial mapping of source-specific contributions to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of potentially toxic trace elements in PM10
Authors: Massimi Lorenzo , Pietrantonio Eva , Astolfi Maria Luisa , Canepari Silvia
Published: July 2022

Exposure to potentially toxic trace elements (PTTEs) in inhalable airborne particulate matter (PM10) is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. In urban settings, there are generally multiple emission sources of natural and anthropogenic origin, and each source releases particles with different concentrations of PTTEs. Therefore, a geo-referenced assessment of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk associated with exposure to trace elements in PM10 is essential to identify major sources of PTTEs and critical source areas. However, although some studies have been conducted to spatially assess the health risk of PTTEs in road dust, a high spatial resolution risk assessment of trace elements in PM10 has never been undertaken so far due to the lack of appropriate instrumentation.
In this study, we propose the use of an innovative experimental approach for a geo-referenced assessment of health risks associated with exposure to PTTEs in PM10 released from spatially disaggregated sources. A very-low volume device for high spatial resolution sampling and analysis of PM10 was employed in Terni, an urban and industrial area in Central Italy characterized by the presence of multiple anthropogenic sources, high concentrations of airborne elemental pollutants, and an associated increase in morbidity and mortality from the onset of cardiorespiratory diseases. The vey-low volume sampler was employed in a large and dense network (23 sampling sites, approximately 1 km of distance from each other) during a 15-month monitoring campaign to collect PM10 and analyze, by chemical fractionation, the soluble and insoluble fraction of 33 elements to increase their selectivity as source tracers. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to adults and children due to concentrations of PTTEs in PM10 was calculated and the contribution of different emission sources to the risk was assessed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to the high spatial resolution elemental concentration data. Finally, risk values associated with PTTEs released from the different emission sources at the 23 sites were interpolated and mapped to geo-reference their possible health impacts across the study area.
Climate stressors' interplays modulating interannual olive and grapevine yields in Italy: a composite index approach 
Authors: Di Paola Arianna , Di Giuseppe Edmondo , Pasqui Massimiliano
Published: July 2022

Even though a large part of the Italian peninsula is characterized by a Mediterranean climate intrinsically highly suitable for olive and grapevine cultivation, farmers may experience variable agronomic and management costs due to interannual yield variability. A synoptic picture of major climate stressors and their ongoing impacts on olive and grapevine yield variability at a broad spatio-temporal scale are scarce, but, if identified, could enhance the development of actionable services to alert stakeholders of potential climate risks. We analyzed Italian olive and grapevine yield data from the Italian National Statistics Institute (ISTAT), aggregated at the provincial level, during 2006-2021, and several climatic variables from Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWR) to i) explore yields trends and inter-annual variations over the whole peninsula; ii) identify major climate stressors likely responsible for the largest drops in yield; iii) build a composite index that summarizes the risk of having exceptionally low yields due to the occurrence of multiple climate stressors. To this end, we defined two major classes of yield, namely exceptionally low and high yields (LY and HY, respectively), and explored the climatic variables, aggregated on a monthly (grapevine) and bimonthly (olive) time scale, determining yield in outcomes. It is worth noting that the use of monthly or bimonthly periods provides a means of examining the seasonal effects of stressors while providing the basis for near-real-time forecasting. Selected years, characterized by a conspicuous number of both LY and HY, were focused to examine whether the composite risk index has application at more local scales. Results are discussed and some possible explanations based on the current knowledge of olive and grapevine physiological developmental. We suggest our approach as a promising yet still in-progress work that could pave the way to an integrated meteorological seasonal forecast system to provide timely insight on factors affecting within-season yield development.   
How the spatial structure of extreme rainfall observed by meteo-radars can impact the estimation of the return period of extra-ordinary events?
Authors: Boni Giorgio , De Angeli Silvia , Lagasio Martina , Parodi Antonio
Published: July 2022

This work analyses the spatial structure of some extra-ordinary extreme rainfall events (EEEs) in Liguria (NW of Italy). The EEEs affecting the region are often caused by Mediterranean Back-building MCS events which are usually characterized by a very small spatial extent. EEEs produce the annual maximums of precipitation for short durations, commonly used for the probabilistic analysis of rainfall and flood hazard.

The characteristic spatial scale of the EEE analyzed, represented by the cross-sectional dimension of the peak structures, compared with the average rain gauge density shows that the former is often less than or of the same order as the latter.

Rain gauge data are used to obtain statistics of extreme rainfall, usually expressed by rainfall depth-duration-frequency (DDF) curves. This statistical approach relies on the assumption that the maxima observed by the raingauges are matching with the local maxima of the actual event. The lower is the average rain gauge density compared to the characteristic spatial scale of EEEs, the less valid is the aforementioned hypothesis.

The spatial analysis of some recent EEEs in the region underlines that the mismatch between the characteristic spatial scale of the rainfall field and the average rain gauge density can be extremely significant.

This impacts the probability of observing the actual peak rainfall and can lead to an overestimation of the return period associated with the most intense events, which are of interest for the design of hydraulic structures and risk planning.

The dramatic underestimation of the rainfall depth at very high return periods due to the application of traditional statistical methods has been already highlighted as a criticality in the literature, focusing on daily rainfall. This work presents a first attempt to set up a framework to quantify the underestimation of the precipitation peak (or the overestimation of the return period) at sub daily scale as a function of the ratio between the raingauge density and the transversal dimension of the precipitation events.
Exceptionally low susceptibility of aerosol cloud-mediated radiative forcing over the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Rosenfeld Daniel , Cao Yang
Published: July 2022

The susceptibility (S) of cloud radiative effect (CRE) to aerosols is approximated by satellite retrieval of the fractional change of CRE to a similar fractional change of ln(Nd), where Nd is the cloud drop number concentration [cm-3]. Larger S means larger aerosol cloud-mediated cooling effect with increasing aerosols that can serve as cloud drop condensation nuclei. The full record (2003-2021) of MODIS satellite observations was used to retrieve Nd, cloud fraction (CF), albedo (A) and CRE of boundary layer water clouds over all the world oceans. The susceptibility of CRE over the Mediterranean Sea is found to be exceptionally small compared to the oceans at the same latitude band. The causes for that are:

Small albedo susceptibility. It is caused by the large background of Nd, which is more than 200 cm-3 on average – 3 times compared to the oceans at the same latitude band.

Small cloud fraction susceptibility especially at the Eastern Mediterranean. It is also caused by the large background of Nd, which suppresses rainfall from shallow clouds that break them up.

Small occurrences of events of low clouds – less than half compared to the oceans at the same latitude band.

The occurrence of low clouds is only 1/3 of the occurrence over the oceans at the same latitude band.

The CRE susceptibility is the sum of the already small albedo and CF susceptibilities.

The total aerosol cloud-mediated cooling is very small because it is proportional to the CRE susceptibility multiplied by the very small occurrence of low clouds over the Mediterranean.

The probable root cause for all of this is the smallness of the Mediterranean Sea, which is dominant by advection of dry and polluted air from the adjacent continents all around it.
Evaluating the Atibaia River hydrology using JULES6.1
Authors: Chou Hsi-Kai , Heuminski de Avila Ana Maria , Bray Michaela
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Land surface models such as the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES)
are increasingly used for hydrological assessments because of their
state-of-the-art representation of physical processes and versatility.
Unlike statistical models and AI models, the JULES model simulates the
physical water flux under given meteorological conditions, allowing us to
understand and investigate the cause and effect of environmental changes.
Here we explore the possibility of this approach using a case study in the
Atibaia River basin, which serves as a major water supply for metropolitan
regions of Campinas and São Paulo, Brazil. The watershed is suffering
increasing hydrological risks, which could be attributed to environmental
changes, such as urbanization and agricultural activity. The increasing
risks highlight the importance of evaluating the land surface processes of
the watershed systematically. We explore the use of local precipitation
collection in conjunction with data from a global meteorological reanalysis
to simulate the basin hydrology. Our results show that key hydrological
fluxes in the basin can be represented by the JULES model simulations.
Envisager l’idéologie et l’utopie depuis une phénoménologie du pâtir et de l’agir
Authors: Tiaha David-Le-Duc
Published: July 2022

I pursue here a wish of Ricœur: to analyze ideology and utopia from a genetic phenomenology, in the sense of Husserl in the Cartesian Meditations, which “strives to dig under the surface of apparent meaning to the most fundamental meanings.” A single innovative interest guides my proposal between two contrasting phenomenologies of the imagination in Michel Henry and Paul Ricœur: to root, on the one hand, the dialectical mediation of ideology and utopia in the living immanence of the affective imagination and, on the other hand, to inscribe the power of its expression as well as its power to act in the social and cultural field require to hold together the affective immanence of life, the figuration of the social reality and the socio-cultural and historical praxis. The psychoanalytical interpretation of the cultural imaginary to the bending of the affect and the language and the micro-history of the social practices of the representations serve here as “forks caudines,” under which the immanent phenomenology of the affective imagination is led to a hermeneutics of the imaginative practices of the discourse and the action.
Introduction – Ricœur on Conflict
Authors: Marcelo Gonçalo
Published: July 2022

Introduction to the special issue about "Ricoeur on Conflict"
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PAPER-BASED MICROFLUIDIC (µPAD) MINIATURIZATION
Authors: Azhar Badril , Amir Faisal , Nugraha Aditya Sukma , Aparamarta Hakun W.
Published: July 2022

In recent years, paper-based analytical devices gained more attention for development of low-cost point-of-care diagnostic tools in many fields, such as environmental testing, point of care diagnosis, and food analysis. In the present study, we introduce a new paper substrate (Xuan paper) and compare to commercial filter paper (whatman) with hydrophobic materials called polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The xuan paper can be used for paper-based microfluidics analytical devices (μPAD) and that flow rate is reliant on many factors affecting fluid flow inside the channels. The screen-printing method was used to concocted hydrophobic channels by patterning hydrophobic materials onto paper substrate with the patterned channels reaching a minimum width of 0.2 mm and maximum 5 mm. The fabricated channels were tested by using water with different paper types and different channel widths. The experimental results were compared with commercially available filter paper (11 and 21 µm pore size). The results of this study are raw xuan paper (0.15 mm of thickness) is similar trend with filter paper (0.21 mm of thickness) about 43 mm distance in 140 second and it is higher than three other papers. However, jinghe paper (0.13 mm of thickness) and cotton xuan paper (0.10 mm of thickness) shows the distance of water about 10 mm and 4 mm, respectively in 140 second because of their fiber orientation and water being absorbed by it. Therefore, xuan paper was a good candidate in applied for µPAD application.
PRODUCTION OF GREEN DIESEL BASED ON PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE USING CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION METHOD
Authors: Malvarinda Fithra , Syakdani Adi , Taufik Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Green diesel is an alkane compound that is equivalent to petroleum based diesel oil. One of the ingredients that can be converted into green diesel is Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD). PFAD is a by-product of the refinery process in the production of cooking oil from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) which has not been widely used. Green diesel is produced using a catalytic hydrogenation process at a temperature of 300oC with a hydrogen pressure of 25 psia for 1.0 hour. 300 ml of PFAD is reacted with gas (hydrogen) H2 using NiMo / Al2O3 catalyst to accelerate the reaction. The variable that is used in this study is the number of catalysts of 0 gr; 0.1114 gr; 0.1507 gr; 0.2009 gr; 0.2541 gr; and 0.3075 gr. The use of a catalyst of 0.2009 grams per 300 ml of sample is the optimum condition in this study and yields a yield percentage of 36.5331%. The physical properties of green diesel obtained from this study include density at 40oC (751.5056 – 816.9221 kg/m3), kinematic viscosity at 40oC (3.6107 – 4.6831 mm2/s), moisture content (11.593 – 17.717 ppm), flash point (65.4 – 91.9oC), and heating value (43.2274 – 44.8834 MJ / kg).
PENERAPAN PERATURAN KAPOLRI NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PENANGANAN PENJINAKAN BOM
Authors: Moonti Roy , Kadir Yusrianto , Bunga Marten , Ahmad Ibrahim , Koni Yoslan K.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness implementation regulation of the chief of Indonesian national police 11 of 2010 regarding the handling of bomb disposal and to find out what factors influenced bomb disposal procedures in Gorontalo Province. The type of research used in this research is empirical normative legal research. The type of research used is empirical normative legal research. Normative law research uses normative legal case studies in the form of legal products, for example reviewing draft laws. The subject of the research is the law which is conceptualized as a norm or rule that applies in society and becomes a reference for everyone. Empirical legal research is research that uses empirical legal case studies in the form of community behavior. The results of the research obtained are that regulation of the chief of Indonesian national police  number 11 of 2010 concerning the handling of bomb disposal in Gorontalo Province has not been effective because it was found that there are still several aspects that are not following the provisions in regulation of the chief of Indonesian national police, for example, related to personnel standardization, individual equipment is not adequate, Some of the new unit equipment are complete and some are damaged, then spare parts are not ,available as well as administrative processes that are often ignored and the factors that affect the bomb disposal procedure in Gorontalo province, namely inadequate facilities and infrastructure, incomplete personnel / human resources, insufficient budget and no insurance for each Jibom personnel.
PERAN LEMBAGA ASESSMEN TERPADU DALAM PENYELESAIAN KASUS PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Authors: Firmansyah Agung
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme lembaga asesmen terpadu dalam menyelesaikan kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika dengan pendekatan restorative justice. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif. Penggunakan tipe penelitian ini didasari menemukan suatu aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, maupun doktrin hukum untuk menjawab permasalahan hukum yang dihadapi. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan meliputi pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).. Tim asesmen terpadu terdiri atas tim hukum yang bertugas melakukan analisis dalam kaitan peredaran gelap narkotika dan prekursor narkotika dan penyalahgunaan narkotika berkoordinasi dengan Penyidik yang menangani perkara. Sedangkan, tim dokter bertugas melaksanakan asesmen dan analisis medis, psikososial, dan merekomendasi rencana terapi dan rehabilitasi terhadap pelaku penyalah guna narkotika. Mekanisme asemen terpadu yang memadukan hasil analisa antara tim medis dan tim hukum terhadap penentuan tersangka tindak pidana narkotika apakah termasuk kategori penyalah guna narkotika atau pengedar narkotika, memiliki peran penting terutama sebagai proses screening bagi pengkategorian status penyalah guna narkotika dan atau pengedar narkotika, sehingga dapat dianalisa sebagai bagian proses kebijakan hukum pidana melalui analisa mendalam. Dapat dikatakan bahwa Asesmen Terpadu ini mampu menyentuh aspek hukum dan aspek medis. Melalui asesmen terpadu aspek perlindungan/pembinaan terhadap individu lebih diperhatikan. Program rehabilitasi memberikan kesempatan seorang pecandu dan penyalahguna narkotika menemukan “jalan kembali” dalam kehidupannya dan pada akhirnya bermuara pada tercapainya tujuan pidana yakni restorative justice bagi pecandu penyalahgunaan narkotika tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya paradigma baru terhadap penanganan tindak pidana narkotika mewujudkan model asesmen terpadu terhadap penyelesaiannya.
KEBIJAKAN PIDANA PENGAWASAN DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA
Authors: Hajairin Hajairin , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Kasmar Kasmar , Sanusi Gufran
Published: July 2022

Kebijakan pidana pengawasan diperlukan kajian yang komprehensif. RUU KUHP 2019, pidana pengawasan masuk dalam katergori pidana pokok. Untuk mewujudkan pemidanaan berkeadilan harus dilihat dalam berbagai sudut pandang, termasuk prosedur pelaksanaan pengawasan terhadap pidana pengawasan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normative yuridis, yaitu penelitian untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hukum positif dan menginventarisasi hukum positif, menemukan asas dan doktrin hukum. Dengan pendekatan pertama Perundang-Undangan (statute aprroach) untuk memahami hierarki dan asas-asas dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Kedua Pendekatan Konseptual (conceptual approach) untuk mengkaji konsep-konsep, teori-teori dan pendapat para ahli yang ada kaitanya dengan objek yang diteliti dan pandangan atau doktrin yang berkembang dalam ilmu hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa paradigma keadilan retributive yang bersifat represif berubah menjadi paradigma pemidanaan berbasis keadilan restorative. Hal ini terlihat dalam formulasi RUU KUHP Baru, salah satunya adalah pidana pengawasan sebagai pidana baru, pidana pengawasan adalah bersifat alternative pidana perampasan kemerdekaan bersayarat. Namun pidana pengawasan dalam RUU KUHP saat ini masih umum maka diperlukan kebijakan formulasi Ius Kontituendum konsep pidana pengawasan, seperti prosedur pengawasan yang harus bisa dikonsepkan sejak dini, agar dalam pelaksanaan pidana pengawasan dapat berjalan secara efektif
Sin convicciones sobre el futuro. Una observación a “Prueba sin convicción: estándares de prueba y debido proceso” de Jordi Ferrer a propósito de la prueba cautelar
Authors: Valenzuela Jonatan
Published: July 2022

El trabajo se enfoca en analizar la propuesta de formulación de estándares probatorios realizada por Jordi Ferrer en el año 2021, de cara a la comprensión de las decisiones judiciales en el ámbito cautelar. Se busca provocar una discusión relativa al uso del arsenal teórico de la teoría racional de la prueba, en el contexto de la producción de resoluciones judiciales que adjudican una solicitud cautelar. Se analiza el contexto probatorio cautelar, la necesidad de enfrentar y resolver acerca del futuro, así como la producción de errores del ámbito cautelar como la relación entre el error cautelar y los errores denominados de fondo en el procedimiento.
Análisis contextual, interseccionalidad y función justificativa de los estereotipos en el derecho: una réplica
Authors: Ghidoni Elena , Morondo Taramundi Dolores
Published: July 2022

En esta réplica presentamos una respuesta a los comentarios de Lourdes Peroni y Liliana Ronconi, sobre nuestro texto “El papel de los estereotipos en las formas de la desigualdad compleja: algunos apuntes desde la teoría feminista del derecho antidiscriminatorio”. Ante todo, intentaremos exponer nuestras consideraciones acerca del análisis contextual, a menudo mencionado por la literatura como elemento clave de un eficaz análisis anti-estereotipo. Intentaremos problematizar —que no demonizar— este concepto, con el propósito de generar más claridad conceptual y realzar la capacidad explicativa del concepto de patriarcado, herramienta imprescindible en el abordaje de los mecanismos de opresión desde nuestro posicionamiento teórico. Vinculado al concepto de patriarcado, trataremos de especificar las aportaciones de la interseccionalidad estructural que resultan funcionales para entender los estereotipos. Finalmente, aprovechamos esta oportunidad para profundizar aún más en el argumento principal de nuestra contribución, que es la función justificativa de los estereotipos.
Dominic Ongwen en la Corte Penal Internacional: un análisis feminista sobre crímenes internacionales y subjetividades complejas en la guerra
Authors: Díaz Villamil María Daniela
Published: July 2022

En febrero de 2021, la Corte Penal Internacional condenó a Dominic Ongwen, antiguo niño soldado y posterior comandante del Ejército de Resistencia del Señor (LRA), por 61 cargos de conductas constitutivas de crímenes de lesa humanidad y de guerra, cometidas entre 2002 y 2005 en el Norte de Uganda. En este artículo reflexiono sobre los crímenes que la Corte le atribuyó y sobre su condición de víctima-victimario. Me ocupo principalmente de escrutar los dichos y los silencios de la sentencia desde una perspectiva de género y feminista. Defenderé la tesis de que el caso abre una veta de reflexión sobre las paradojas de la pulsión punitiva de la lucha feminista internacional y sobre la dificultad para superar binarios radicales en el derecho penal internacional.
Çevre Hareketleri Kapsamında Ekolojik Moda Pratiklerinin İncelenmesi: Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: KOSİFOĞLU Eda
Published: July 2022

Endüstrileşme ve teknolojik gelişmelerin ilerlemesiyle birlikte artan çevre sorunları nedeniyle, endüstriyel faaliyetlerin sınırsız büyümesinin doğal çevrede yarattığı tahribatlar tartışılır duruma gelmiştir. Son yıllarda hızlı tüketim kültürünün benimsenmesi doğal kaynaklar, doğal yaşam alanları ve ekosistem üzerinde tahribat yaratmaktadır. Yaşam alanlarını, insan sağlığını, hayvan ve bitkilerin doğal ortamını olumsuz etkileyen bu durum sebebiyle birçok ekolojik, sosyolojik ve ekonomik problem oluşmaktadır. Çevre tahribatının endişe verici boyutlara geldiği günümüzde, son yıllarda çevreye verdiği zararlarla gündeme gelen moda endüstrisinin “sürdürülebilir moda” kapsamı içinde değerlendirilen çevre dostu (ekolojik) moda anlayışına odaklanmak ve konuyu insan-doğa ilişkisi arka planında, çevre hareketleri bağlamında incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışma kapsamında modanın sürdürebilirliği ve ekolojik moda anlayışına yönelik paylaşımlar yapan 4 instagram hesabının içerikleri incelenerek belli kategoriler oluşturulmuş, bulgular analiz edilmiş ve veriler yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmada sürdürülebilir modaya yönelik paylaşımlar içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve bu paylaşımların hangi alt başlıklar altında kategorize edildiği, ekolojik modanın hangi pratikler etrafında değerlendirildiği, bu kategorilerin üreticiler ve tüketiciler tarafından uygulanabilir nitelikte olup olmadığı ve konunun bilgilendirici boyutu hususunda ele alınmış, elde edilen sonuçlar ekolojik hareketler etrafında yorumlanmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen içerikler sonucunda ekolojik moda konusunda bir bilinç oluşturulmaya çalışıldığı, ulaşılması kolay bir mecra olan sosyal medya üzerinden de bir takım çabaların yürütüldüğü görülmektedir.
How Ethiopian Standardized National Examinations Achieve their Goal? 2014/15 University Entrance Examination Exam in Focus
Authors: Hassen Hadya
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the items of the 2014/15 university entrance examination of the English language based on the parameters of facility value and discrimination index. The study has used a descriptive research design concerned with the quantitative methods which reveal the statistical result of the exam. The data were collected from the database of the National Educational Assessment and Examination Agency (NEAEA). The study covered all of the 120 items of the Ethiopian University Entrance Examination (EUEE). One-fourth of the examinees’ i.e. 40,400 examinees’ results were taken for analysis. Secondary data was also used in the analysis process. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively. Within the two main parameters of item analysis, namely, item facility value and discrimination index of the study; the items were categorized into four ranges based on their effectiveness. Findings of the study revealed that 33 items were very difficult, and 27 items were not discriminating at all. The findings revealed that high numbers of the EUEE examination items were not functioning as expected, which directs many items to be either discarded or improved. This meant the yearly implementation of post-test item analysis is required for better preparation of functional standardized exam preparation for the next periods.
A Study on Demographic Characteristics, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Opticians
Authors: ZEYTÜNLÜ DEMİRBAŞ Evrim , ÖZCAN Ali , ERKASAP Ahmet , MERT Gözde
Published: July 2022

The concepts of organizational commitment and job satisfaction have been previously studied in different sectors for quite a long time. However, limited to our literature search, we couldn’t find other research on this subject in the optical sector. For this purpose, the demographic characteristics of optical sector employees, and their relationship to organizational commitment and job satisfaction were examined in this study. The population of the research was determined as 8557 optician employees registered to the Turkish Opticians Association, according to the data of 2021 in Turkey. The sample consists of 320 opticians, responsible managers, and other personnel working in opticianry who participated voluntarily in the study. A total of 52 questions were constructed in the questionnaire using "Demographic Characteristics": "Allen Meyer Organizational Commitment Scale" and "Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale" as data collection tools. An online questionnaire was used as a data collection method in the study. A survey link was sent to 22 chamber managers registered in the Turkish Opticians Union via e-mail, and the survey link was sent to their members by message method. In addition, it was shared on sectoral pages on all social media. Due to the fact that it was based on volunteerism, 320 employees returned to the survey. Data is analyzed with SPSS v 23.0. Mann Whitney U test and the Kruskal Wallis H test were applied for the comparisons of the study groups that did not comply with the normal distribution.          As a result of the research, it was observed that the sum of organizational commitment, affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment were at average values. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between all values of organizational commitment and all values of job satisfaction. The average total job satisfaction score was moderate and internal satisfaction was found to be high in the averages of the sub-factors. A significant relationship was found between demographic factors such as gender, age, marital status, education, title, income levels, working time in the profession, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
The Influence of Organizational Culture on Financial Report Quality at Jakarta Water Resources Office
Authors: Dewi Kuraesin Arlis , Suryaningsih Maria , Darwis Hidayat , Yunita Anita
Published: July 2022

The study aims to investigate the influence of the organizational culture on the financial report quality at the Jakarta Water Resources Office. It used the quantitative method with the primary data and questionnaires. The study occurred at the Jakarta Water Resources Office from September - March 2021. It uses the questionnaire distribution. This is a causal and comparative study. The study of causality investigates the cause-and-effect relationship between the independent variable (X) and the dependent variable (Y). The population in this study is the forty-two employees of the Jakarta Water Resources office, while the sample is some of them working at the Jakarta Water Resources office. The sample uses the Slovin formulation with 5% margin error. The result of this study states the organizational culture influences the financial report quality at the Jakarta Water Resources office. Human resources became the essential factor in the financial report. Moreover, the corporate culture may affect the quality of the financial statement. The study result reveals the organizational culture positively and significantly impacts the financial report. The suggestions go to companies, financial reports, and further research. The findings suggest that a company improves the organizational culture to produce optimum quality of financial reports.
ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS PHYSICAL FITNESS
Authors: Shakhyan Aleksan
Published: July 2022

The article deals with issues related to the physical education of high school students. It is highlighted the fact that socio-economic conditions of modern life require regular research to assess the physical fitness of younger generation and improve physical education.
Based on the results stemming from a sociological survey high school students highly appreciate their own level of physical fitness, which becomes evident through their responses to the development of motor skills.
Given the level of high school students’ physical fitness, we disclosed its actual satisfactory level. Meanwhile, a comparison of the results drawn from pedagogical testing with the results of a sociological survey obviously state that students overestimated their capabilities.