bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desempenho e qualidade da carne de novilhas Nelore e F1 Nelore x Rubia Gallega suplementadas com cromo picolinato
Authors: Romero Natália Baldasso , Moreira Paulo Sérgio Andrade , Berber Rodolfo Cassimiro de Araujo
Published: February 2023

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho, as características de carcaça e da carne de novilhas Nelore (NEL) e F1 Nelore x Rubia Gallega (NRG), suplementadas com adição de Cromo Picolinato (CrP). Foram avaliados 28 animais, que foram mantidos em dois piquetes contendo Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, separados conforme a suplementação (com e sem CrP). Para as análises físico-químicas foram coletadas amostras do músculo Longissimus thoracis, entre a 12° e 13° costelas, em que foram avaliadas as perdas por exsudação, pH, espessura de gordura, coloração, perdas por cocção, maciez e composição química. O delineamento adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (dois grupos genéticos x dois tipos de suplementação). O grupo genético, apresentou diferenças para as variáveis peso corporal final, peso de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça quente, com superioridade para os animais NRG (386,48 kg; 209,33 kg; 54,09 %) contra os animais NEL (378,59 kg; 203,93 kg; 53,85%). A nota para o acabamento de carcaça nos animais NRG foi menor que nos animais NEL (2,71 x 3,35). Para as características da carne houve menor espessura de gordura nos animais NRG (3,25 mm), do que nos animais NEL (7,84 mm) e as perdas por exsudação, foram maiores nos animais NRG quando comparadas aos animais NEL (9,45% x 5,68%). Novilhas NRG apresentam melhor desempenho e menor deposição de gordura quando comparadas aos animais NEL. A suplementação com CrP em nada influencia no desempenho de novilhas na fase de terminação e nas características de carcaça e de carne dos animais.
Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Pendistribusian Dana Zakat untuk Kegiatan Produktif dan Kemaslahatan Umum
Authors: M. Kasim  , Imran Muhammad Yunus  , Ilham Thalib
Published: February 2023

This study aims to find out and understand the form of distribution of zakat funds for productive activities and public benefit in the view of Islamic law. The problems that the authors raise in this study are; First, what form is the distribution of zakat funds for productive activities and public benefit? Second, how is the review of Islamic law regarding the distribution of zakat funds for productive activities? Third, how is the review of Islamic law regarding the distribution of zakat funds for public benefit? This research is a qualitative descriptive research (non-statistical), which focuses on the study of manuscripts and texts, using normative and historical approaches and using deductive and comparative analysis methods. The research results found are as follows; The distribution of zakat funds for productive activities is divided into two forms, namely: non-investment and investment. Meanwhile, the form of distribution of zakat funds for the public benefit is that zakat is distributed to other than mustahik mentioned by Allah SWT. such as building bridges, repairing roads, and so on. The distribution of zakat funds is permitted in other forms as needed, productive goods such as goats, razors, etc., as well as in the form of business capital if the distribution is disbursed directly to the mustahik (non-investment).
Odd Pareto-G Family: Properties, Regression, Simulations and Applications
Authors: Hussein Mohamed , Cordeiro Gauss M. , De Santana Luís H. , Rodrigues Gabriela M. , Ortega Edwin M. M.
Published: February 2023

Several new families have been introduced in the last two decades to extend well-known distributions, and at the same time provide great flexibility for modelling real data. We propose the Odd Pareto-G family with two extra shape parameters, and obtain some of its mathematical properties, which give important information about its structure and may be useful in future research. We construct a new regression model based on a special distribution of the new family. Maximum likelihood estimation and simulations are addressed, and these results show that the estimates are consistent for different percentages of censorship. Four applications to real data show the usefulness of the new models, reveal that they are suitable for the presented data, and can be considered interesting alternatives to model censored and uncensored lifetime data.
Comparison of Short-Term and Long-Term Estimation of Syariah Banking Performance
Authors: Wahyudi Heru , Ciptawaty Ukhti , Ratih Arivina , Putri Rahmah Dianti , Ahmad Mahyudin , Mirza. Br Aryan Danil
Published: February 2023

yariah banking system is one of the exciting research objects and has the potential to continue to be developed. Sharia banking is a new way out of banking. On a more macro level, the banking system affects banking performance on economic growth. Islamic banking is also stated to contribute better than conventional banking in achieving SDG points. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the development of conventional and Islamic banks in the future for short- and long-term analysis. The analysis will discuss how productive assets, bank profits, and third-party funds are both types of banking and how these three things contribute to economic growth for the next five years. Research analysis will be able to provide a comparison of the application of the short and long-term performance of sharia concepts to economic growth. Furthermore, it will be seen how the contribution of the two existing periods of the term of banking to economic growth, which one has a more significant impact on economic growth. Data was gathered for eleven years to test these relationships and analyzed accordingly. Besides descriptive analysis, correlations, and regression, mediation analysis was carried out using Vector Autoregression (VAR). VAR is a model that can analyze the interdependence relationship between time series variables. The results proved that profits, credits and assets significantly affect the short and long term. This study has some meaningful contributions towards both short and long practical knowledge of the subject matter, especially for banking and Government.
Adaptive Sliding Mode Control with Chattering Elimination for Buck Converter Driven DC Motor
Authors: Chouya Ahmed
Published: February 2023

The Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC) that combines a robust proportional derivative control law for use in Buck converter driven DC motor is presented in this paper. Based on the LYAPUNOV theory, the proportional derivative control law is designed to eliminate the chattering action of the control signal. The simplicity of the proposed scheme facilitates its implementation and the overall control scheme guarantees the global asymptotic stability in the LYAPUNOV sense if all the signals involved are uniformly bounded. Simulation studies have shown that the proposed controller shows superior tracking performance.
Eurasian Journal of Law, Finance and Applied Sciences
Authors:   Lecturer, Department of Russian Language Methodology, Fergana State University, Nizomitdinova Zulaiho Abduazizovna
Published: February 2023

This article examines the concept of gender in general, the explanation of the concept "gender" by linguistic scientists, its role in the modern cultural life of society.
ISSUES OF RECOVERY OF REHABILITATED PERSONS
Authors:   Under The Supreme Council Of Judges Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan Independent Student Of The Higher School Of Judges, Uzbekistan, Mustafohoja Khojaev Yunushoja
Published: February 2023

In this article, the shortcomings observed in the practice of inquiry, investigation and judicial bodies in the restoration of the violated rights of rehabilitated persons, the fact that the subsequent actions of rehabilitated citizens are not clearly and clearly defined by the law, which causes them to be confused, to further improve the legal basis for the restoration of the violated rights of rehabilitated persons. suggestions and conclusions are given.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF CRIME PREVENTION AMONG WOMEN
Authors:   Leading Researcher Of The Department Of Legislation In The Field Of Judicial Law Of The Institute Of Legislation And Justice Under The President Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Muzaffarovich Khodjaev Shokhrukh
Published: February 2023

The article aims to highlight the scientific and practical significance of the divisions of the internal affairs bodies on women's issues in the organization of the prevention of offenses among women. To do this, the concepts of women, family-marriage, their specifics, goals and objectives are analyzed in scientific and practical terms, the essence is revealed. The legal mechanisms of the organization and implementation of crime prevention among women are analyzed. In this regard, scientific conclusions, proposals and recommendations have been put forward to enhance the role of internal affairs units on women's issues in further improving the effectiveness of crime prevention among women.
THE NEED FOR GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF SMALL BUSINESS
Authors:   Phd, Head Of The ", Alojonovich Rashidov Rahmatullo ,   Economics",   Department, Associate Professor Namangan Institute Of Engineering Technology Uzbekistan
Published: February 2023

Currently, there are different opinions about the reasons for state regulation of the small business sector. According to the traditional theory, the government should intervene in the economy when the market fails to allocate resources efficiently, resulting in market "failure". In the framework of welfare theory, it is emphasized that the reason for market "failures" is not only monopoly, but also the existence of externalities (externalities). This article discusses the factors and functions affecting the regulation of small business by the state, and provides analytical information on its share in the main types of economy.
THE MAIN IDEAS AND DIRECTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
Authors:   Independent Researcher Of Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Ugli Fayzullaev Sarvarbek Abdusattor
Published: February 2023

We all know that the sharp changes that took place during the transition from competition to conflict in recent years affected the structure of the world order and its governance standards, the behavior of states, and their interactions within the international system. In the article, the author discussed the main ideas and trends in the formation of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the current modern international relations, its position towards the countries in the region, in particular, the relations with the state of Israel, the unilateral actions of the United States, current trends in foreign policy, as well as the priorities of Iran's foreign policy.
Protocol for a qualitative metasynthesis on response shift.
Authors:   Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada., Schick-Makaroff Kara , Davey Antoinette , Sprangers Mirjam , Sébille Veronique , Sawatzky Rick , Working Group Response Shift in Sync
Published: February 2023

Review question / Objective: The aim of this qualitative metasynthesis is to describe and synthesize qualitative response shift studies. We will: 1. describe the studies, including their methods, and 2. synthesize results about response shift. Condition being studied: The qualitative metasynthesis will include all qualitative studies on response shift, irrespective of the condition being studied. The type of health condition that each individual study focuses on (if applicable), will be extracted as a study-level code.
NICMOS Kernel-phase Interferometry. II. Demographics of Nearby Brown Dwarfs
Authors: Factor Samuel M. , Kraus Adam L.
Published: February 2023

Star formation theories have struggled to reproduce binary brown dwarf population demographics (e.g., frequency, separation, and mass ratio). Kernel-phase interferometry is sensitive to companions at separations inaccessible to classical imaging, enabling tests of these theories at new physical scales below the hydrogen burning limit. We analyze the detections and sensitivity limits from our previous kernel-phase analysis of archival HST/NICMOS surveys of field brown dwarfs. After estimating physical properties of the 105 late-M to T dwarfs using Gaia distances and evolutionary models, we use a Bayesian framework to compare these results to a model companion population defined by log-normal separation and power-law mass-ratio distributions. When correcting for Malmquist bias, we find a companion fraction of

F
=

0.11

−
0.03

+
0.04

and a separation distribution centered at

ρ
=

2.2

−
1.0

+
1.2

au, smaller and tighter than seen in previous studies. We also find a mass-ratio power-law index that strongly favors equal-mass systems:

γ
=

4.0

−
1.5

+
1.7

−

11

−
3

+
4

depending on the assumed age of the field population (0.9–3.1 Gyr). We attribute the change in values to our use of kernel-phase interferometry, which enables us to resolve the peak of the semimajor axis distribution with significant sensitivity to low-mass companions. We confirm the previously seen trends of decreasing binary fraction with decreasing mass and a strong preference for tight and equal-mass systems in the field-age substellar regime; only

0.9

−
0.6

+
1.1

% of systems are wider than 20 au and

<

1.0

−
0.6

+
1.4

% of systems have a mass ratio q < 0.6. We attribute this to turbulent fragmentation setting the initial conditions followed by a brief period of dynamical evolution, removing the widest and lowest-mass companions, before the birth cluster dissolves.
Measuring the Obliquities of the TRAPPIST-1 Planets with MAROON-X
Authors: Brady Madison , Bean Jacob L. , Seifahrt Andreas , Kasper David , Luque Rafael , Reiners Ansgar , Benneke Björn , Stefánsson Gudmundur , Stürmer Julian
Published: February 2023

A star’s obliquity with respect to its planetary system can provide us with insight into the system’s formation and evolution, as well as hinting at the presence of additional objects in the system. However, M dwarfs, which are the most promising targets for atmospheric follow-up, are underrepresented in terms of obliquity characterization surveys due to the challenges associated with making precise measurements. In this paper, we use the extreme-precision radial velocity (RV) spectrograph MAROON-X to measure the obliquity of the late M dwarf TRAPPIST-1. With the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, we measure a system obliquity of

−
2

°

−

19

◦

+

17

◦

and a stellar rotational velocity of 2.1 ± 0.3 km s−1. We were unable to detect stellar surface differential rotation, and we found that a model in which all planets share the same obliquity was favored by our data. We were also unable to make a detection of the signatures of the planets using Doppler tomography, which is likely a result of the both the slow rotation of the star and the low signal-to-noise ratio of the data. Overall, TRAPPIST-1 appears to have a low obliquity, which could imply that the system has a low primordial obliquity. It also appears to be a slow rotator, which is consistent with past characterizations of the system and estimates of the star’s rotation period. The MAROON-X data allow for a precise measurement of the stellar obliquity through the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, highlighting the capabilities of MAROON-X and its ability to make high-precision RV measurements around late, dim stars.
Precise Distance Measurement for a Near-Earth Asteroid by the Refined Rotational Reflex Velocity Method
Authors: Guo B. F. , Peng Q. Y. , Lin F. R. , Cao J. L.
Published: February 2023

The rotational reflex velocity (RRV) method was proposed by Heinze and Metchev in 2015 and was used to measure the distances of main-belt asteroids (MBAs). Later, Lin et al. generalized this method using spherical astronomy in 2016. The method measures the distances of MBAs using the observations from a single ground-based telescope over two nights. We refined this method and extend it further to the distance measurement of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs). In practice, we measure the distance of the potentially hazardous asteroid (99942) Apophis from the acquired CCD frames using the newly refined method. According to the requirement of the newly refined method, we also simulate the distance measurements of the four typical NEAs, (1221) Amor, (1862) Apollo, (2062) Aten, and (163693) Atira, on their discovery dates and follow-up dates. The measurement results of Apophis based on the newly refined RRV method show that the mean relative errors for the independent exposure frames on the successive two nights is ∼0.08% (about a factor of 2 improvement in comparison with the research of Lin et al.) compared with the distance from JPL ephemeris. Our simulation results also show that this refined method can accurately and precisely measure the distances of newly discovered NEAs in an astrometric way without performing orbital determination. The accurate and precise distances of newly discovered asteroids help us to conveniently evaluate their impact risks within a shorter time, leaving us more time to take defense precautions.
Perceptions of the COVID-19 Vaccination among Health-care Professional in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang
Authors: Raveinal Raveinal , Elvira Dwitya , Kam Alexander , Rahmadi Afdol , Rahimi Abdul Alim , Suratman Rivani Sintia , Husni Annisa Ul , Azhari Muhammad Ridho
Published: February 2023

AIM: It provides a comprehensive overview of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccination perception of health-care professionals in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
METHODS: This study was conducted from August to September 2021. We assessed perceptions using a questionnaire survey of the health workers and disseminated using Google form. Data entry and analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS version 26.
RESULTS: A total of 645 health-care professionals participated in this study. The average age is 36.95 years with 70.35% female. Nurse and general practitioner had the highest positive perception on Sinovac (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.130, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.406–14.927, p < 0.001). Survivor of COVID-19 participants had lower positive perception on Sinovac compared to non-survivor (AOR 0.347 95% CI 0.208–0.579 p < 0.001). General practitioner had the highest positive perception on Moderna booster (AOR 5.918, 95% CI 1.804–19.414, p = 0.003). Participant who had positive perception on Sinovac also had higher positive perception on Moderna booster (AOR 13.548, 95% CI 6.689–27.442, p < 0.001). Participant with positive perception on Sinovac and Moderna booster more recommends vaccination to other compared to participant with negative perception (AOR 7.699, 95% CI 2.987–19.842, p < 0.001 and AOR 10.545, 95% CI 4.106–27.081, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Occupation and survivor of COVID-19 affecting the perceptions of vaccination. The health-care professional who had positive perception of vaccination would tend to recommend COVID-19 vaccination.
The Relevance of Mangled Extremity Severity Score to Predict Amputation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dradjat Respati Suryanto , Sananta Panji , Savitri Galuh Ayu Ratna , Pribadi Alva
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Amputation is one of the most common surgical procedures in the world. One of the criteria for assessing amputation is the mangled extremity severity score (MESS). The MESS criterion has been used for many years, but the accuracy remains unknown. The aim of this study is to know the accuracy of MESS.
METHOD: Keywords of “relevance,” “mangled extremity score,” and “amputation,” and its combination were entered into the PubMed database. Four evaluators reviewed articles from the past 5-year publication date with the English language to select relevant articles.
RESULTS: The outcomes of this systematic review are the sensitivity and specificity of several scoring tools to predict amputation and recommendations for MESS use. The author identified 26 relevant articles with MESS to predict amputation, and most of them recommend using MESS. The sensitivity and specificity of MESS were variable from 63–73% to 70–76%.
CONCLUSION: The MESS performs better in the amputation prediction of the lower extremity arterial injury. Other scoring recommendations are LogisticReg + Nearmiss, ISS, BN, and GHOIS.
Evidence of ancestral nocturnality, locomotor clock regression, and cave zone-adjusted sleep duration modes in a cave beetle
Authors: Royzenblat Sonya , Kulacic Jasmina , Friedrich Markus
Published: February 2023

The small carrion beetle Ptomaphagus hirtus is an abundant inhabitant of the exceptionally biodiverse Mammoth Cave system. Previous studies revealed negative phototaxis and the expression of biological clock genes in this microphthalmic cave beetle. Here we present results from probing P. hirtus for the entrainment of locomotor rhythms using the TriKinetics activity monitor setup. Although curtailed by low adjustment frequency of animals to the test environment, the data obtained from successfully monitoring two animals in constant darkness (DD) and six animals exposed to 12 hour light-dark cycles (LD) revealed a strong effect of light on locomotor activity in P. hirtus. In LD, activity was prevalent during the artificial night phases while close to absent during the presumptive day phases, suggesting conserved nocturnality. Upon transitioning LD animals to constant darkness, none displayed detectable evidence of free-running activity rhythms, suggesting complete regression of the central circadian clock. Equally notable, overall locomotor activity of the two DD-monitored animals was about three-fold lower compared to LD animals due to longer rest durations in the former. We, therefore, propose the existence of cave zone-specific energy expenditure modes that are mediated through light schedule responsive modification of sleep duration in P. hirtus.
Hemigrammus geisleri sp. n. - a new glass characid fish from the central Amazon basin, with a supplementary description of Hemigrammus mimus BÖHLKE, 1955 (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Zarske Axel , Géry Jacques
Published: February 2023

A new species – Hemigrammus geisleri sp. n. – from the central Amazon in Brazil (Amazonas) is described (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). It is a small species of the genus Hemigrammus Gill, 1858 (lateral line incomplete, basis of caudal fin scaled, fi ve teeth in the second row of premaxillary bone), which differs from all congeners through the following combination of features: (1) two to four tri- to quincuspid teeth in the external row of premaxilla, (2) fi ve (rarely six) quincuspid teeth in the internal row of premaxilla, (3) one to two (rarely three) maxillary teeth, (4) 16–18 (mostly 17) branched anal fin rays, (5) 29–31, mean 30, longitudinal scales, (6) 8 to 14 pored scales in lateral line, (7) 4/1/3–3½ transversal scales before dorsal, (8) 32 to 33 vertebrae and (9) a oval spot at the basis of caudal fin.
Simpsonichthys punctulatus sp. n. - a new seasonal killifish (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from the upper rio São Francisco basin, central Brazil
Authors: Costa Wilson , Brasil Gilberto
Published: February 2023

Simpsonichthys punctulatus, new species, collected in a seasonal swamp of the upper rio Paracatu drainage, rio São Francisco basin, central Brazil, is described. It is a member of the eastern clade of the subgenus Simpsonichthys, which also includes S. boitonei, S. santanae and S. zonatus, and is diagnosed by pectoral fin red with blue spots in males. Simpsonichthys punctulatus is distinguished from all other species of the subgenus Simpsonichthys by the presence of longitudinal rows of light blue dots on flank in males and a long fi lamentous ray on tip of dorsal fin in males.
Mice of the Genus Apodemus in Jordan
Authors: Amr Zuhair
Published: February 2023

The present study provides additional data on the distribution of two species of the genus Apodemus in Jordan, the Eastern Broad-toothed Field Mouse, A. mystacinus and the newly recorded Yellow-necked Field Mouse, A. flavicollis and contributes to the taxonomy of the genus in Jordan. Distribution ranges with notes on habitat preference are provided for both species. Comparative external and cranial measurements as well as skull illustrations for both Apodemus flavicollis and A. mystacinus are provided. The status of A. “hermonensis” is briefly revised.
A karyotypic study of rodents of the genus Gerbillus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muridae) from Jordan
Authors: Abu Baker Mohamad , Khalil Ahmad , Alsheyab Fawzi , Amr Zuhair
Published: February 2023

Karyotypic studies were conducted on six species of the genus Gerbillus occurring in Jordan. These gerbils belong to two groups; naked-footed (G. dasyurus, G. henleyi and G. nanus) and hairy footed ones (G. andersoni, G. cheesmani and G. gerbillus). The diploid number ranged between 38–60 and 62–80 respectively. The study confi rmed the doubtful presence of G. andersoni in Jordan.
Intraspecific colour preference in mate choice by female Apistogramma cacatuoides HOEDEMAN, 1951 (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae)
Authors: Engelking Bernd , Römer Uwe , Beisenherz Wolfgang
Published: February 2023

In mate-choice experiments females of the Neotropical cichlid Apistogramma cacatuoides unerringly differentiate between males of different populations and a red aquarium strain. Females use male colour traits to choose their mates. The preference of wild females for red-coloured males varies from 3 % to 69 % dependent on geographical origin, whereas aquarium-strain females prefer their own bright-coloured males in about 90 % of cases. The preferences of wild females show signifi cant differences depending on their origin and following a geographical gradient. The high degree of stability in assortative mating behaviour in female A. cacatuoides may indicate incipient speciation processes.
Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Vertreter der Gattungen Pyrrhulina VALENCIENNES, 1846 und Copella MYERS, 1956 des nordöstlichen Südamerika (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae)
Authors: Zarske Axel
Published: February 2023

There are fi ve species of the genus Pyrrhulina Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1846 and four species of the genus Copella Myers, 1965 in the north eastern part of South America up to now. P. fi lamentosa Valenciennes, 1846 – the type-species – and P. lugubris Eigenmann, 1922 are re-described. The relationships of P. stoli Boeseman, 1953 are discussed. The three taxa of the genus Copella (formerly Copeina) arnoldi, C. eigenmanni and C. carsevennensis established by Regan (1912) are re-described and compared. The type specimens of these three taxa are juvenil or semiadult fishes in poor conditions. A type locality is designated for C. arnoldi (Ilha do Arapiranga, Brazil, Para). This species was only known from aquarium fishes up to date. The designation was possible because of the discovery of specimens which were imported for aquarists in 1928 from this locality. C. eigenmanni comprises type specimens from different localities which represent different species (C. arnoldi from Brazil, Para, C. metae from Colombia and C. carsevennensis from Guyana). A lectotypus is designated for C. eigenmanni from the type specimens collected in Colombia. Copeina metae Eigenmann, 1914 is now a junior synonym of Copeina eigenmanni Regan, 1912. Now we know exactly which species C. eigenmanni represents. If there are other undescribed species from this region (estuary mouth of the Amazon) so the species can be better characterized by new adult specimens. C. carsevennensis lives in the Guyana countries sympatricaly with Pyrrhulina fi lamentosa. Copella callolepis (Regan, 1912) is a valid species. It was called C. spec. aff. meinkeni by Zarske & Géry (2006).
Three new species and one new subspecies of Hemidactylus OKEN,1817 from Yemen (Squamata, Gekkonidae)
Authors: Busais Salem M. , Joger Ulrich
Published: February 2023

Based on morphological and molecular characters, three new species and one subspecies of the genus Hemidactylus are described from the mainland of Yemen. According to the molecular tree of mitochondrial genes of Cytochrome b and 12S (Busais & Joger 2011), Hemidactylus species from the mainland were divided into three monophyletic groups: three taxa are members of H. yerburii group, two clades are members of H. robustus group and three compose a new group of undescribed species. In addition to the molecular results, the morphological analysis revealed that each new species is distinguished from the other species of the genus in some morphological characters. In this study, a detailed description of each new species is presented.
Trichomycterus macrophthalmus (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), a new species of catfish from the Paraíba do Sul river basin, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Maria , Costa Wilson
Published: February 2023

Trichomycterus macrophthalmus, new species is described from the upper Paraíba do Sul river basin, southeastern Brazil. It differs from all species of Trichomycterus from southeastern Brazil by possessing nine pleural ribs. Trichomycterus macrophthalmus is similar to T. travassosi from the same basin by both owning short nasal barbel, but the new species can be easily distinguished from it by head width, eye size, and colour pattern. The new species belongs to the T. travassosi species complex by displaying transverse dark marks on the dorsum.
Biodiversity and biogeography of birds in Pacific Mexico along an isolation gradient from mainland Chamela via coastal Marias to oceanic Revillagigedo Islands
Authors: Hahn Ingo , Hogeback Steffen , Römer Uwe , Vergara Pablo M.
Published: February 2023

Following an isolation gradient in West-Mexico the avifauna of three study areas is investigated, on mainland reserve and two island groups. The avifaunas are described and analysed regarding species richness, environmental attributes, endemism, broader ecological niches, and brood status. The taxonomical composition is determined on different hierarchy levels. Most species records come from mainland Chamela (262), followed by the coastal Marias (191) and the oceanic Revillagigedos (148). Thereof 139 bird species breed in Chamela, 61 on Marias and only 29 on the Revillagigedos. In total, in the three study areas 364 species were recorded, which belong to 22 orders. On island groups generally less taxa per hierarchy level are present than on the mainland, especially on the remote Revillagigedos. Here, on average 1.7 species are found per genus, 2.2 genera per family, and 2.5 families per order. In the analysis of the taxonomical hierarchy relations to each other an isolation gradient is identified: from mainland Chamela via the coastal Marias to the oceanic Revillagigedos the degree of relatedness decreases on average. The results support the theoretical hypothesis that on islands closely related taxa tend to exclude each other and that one generalist tends to replace several specialists. Small ecological niches are often not occupied by specialist species on islands, but are used by generalists.
Molecular phylogeny of the softshell turtle genus Nilssonia revisited, with first records of N. formosa for China and wild-living N. nigricans for Bangladesh
Authors: Liebing Nicole , Praschag Peter , Gosh Rupali , Vasudevan Karthikeyan , Rashid S. M. A. , Rao Ding-qi , Stuckas Heiko , Fritz Uwe
Published: February 2023

Based on 2354 bp of mitochondrial DNA (12S rRNA, ND4, cyt b) and 2573 bp of nuclear DNA (C-mos, ODC, R35), we re-examine the phylogenetic relationships of Nilssonia species. Individual and combined analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches confirm the monophyly of the genus. While mitochondrial data alone could not resolve the phylogenetic position of N. formosa, nuclear data support a sister group relationship of N. formosa and the remaining Nilssonia species. Combined analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA suggest the following branching pattern, with N. formosa as the sister taxon of the remaining species: N. formosa + ((N. gangetica + N. leithii) + (N. hurum + N. nigricans)). Among the samples we studied is the first record of N. formosa for Yunnan, China, and the first record of wild-living N. nigricans for Bangladesh. In N. gangetica, each of the studied major river basins harbours a genetically distinct population, suggesting that at least three distinct management units should be distinguished: (1) Brahmaputra River; (2) Indus and Ganges Rivers plus Ganges Delta; and (3) Mahanadi River.
Life colouration of three Australoheros species from the rio Paraíba do Sul basin, southeastern Brazil (Teleostei: Labroidei: Cichlidae)
Authors: Ottoni Felipe
Published: February 2023

The colouration in life of three Australoheros species from the rio Paraíba do Sul basin is described herein: Australoheros muriae, Australoheros paraibae and Australoheros robustus. These three species share a character state characterized by the presence of two red zones on caudal-fin’s posterior margin corners, differentiating them from its congeners from the coastal river basins of southeastern Brazil. Australoheros muriae, as well as, its congeners from the coastal river basins of southeastern Brazil (except A. macacuensis), do not expose metallic blotches on anal fins, differing from A. paraibae and A. robustus which always show metallic blotches on anal fin. Australoheros muriae is also distinguished from these other two species by having red iridescence restricted to the upper region of flank, near dorsal-fin base. Australoheros paraibae differs from A. robustus by having ground of body yellow or yellowish brown, absence of any red iridescence on flank, dorsal-fin ground colouration yellow to yellowish brown and anal fin with ground colouration reddish brown on anterior portion, and yellowish brown on posterior portion.
Betta hendra - a new species of fighting fish (Teleostei: Osphronemidae) from Kalimantan Tengah (Borneo, Indonesia)
Authors: Schindler Ingo , Linke Horst
Published: February 2023

Betta hendra spec. nov. is described from Kalimantan Tengah, Borneo, Indonesia. It is a bubble-nesting fighting fish of the B. coccina species group. The new species differs from the other members of the group by a bright greenish iridescent colour on the flanks and unpaired fins. It is distinguished from its geographical neighbour species B. uberis by a lower number of dorsal-fin rays (10–12 versus 14–17).
Scaling of the sexual size and shape skull dimorphism in the sand lizard (Lacerta agilis L.)
Authors: Borczyk Bartosz , Kusznierz Jan , Paśko Łukasz , Turniak Edyta
Published: February 2023

Sand lizards (Lacerta agilis) exhibit a clear pattern of sexual dimorphism, both in coloration and body proportions, where males have larger heads and are longer-legged at a given snout-to-vent length (SVL). In this study we analyse allometry of skull growth with SVL and skull length (SL) as references. The sand lizard skull is basically sexually size dimorphic and there are only minor shape differences. When SVL is used as a reference point, it generates differences in all traits to be measured, presumably because SVL is subject to different and strong selection pressures in both sexes. When skull length is taken as a reference point, differences in skull shape are restricted only to the postorbital region, which is wider in males. This may reflect selection pressure on stronger bite force in males.
Phylogenetic Status of the Turkish Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) based on Partial Sequences of the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene
Authors: İbiş Osman , Tez Coşkun , Özcan Servet
Published: February 2023

Genetic diversity and multiple mitochondrial phylogroups of the red fox have been revealed from scattered locations in previous studies. There is a still lack of information about the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of the red fox in Asia Minor. We investigated the genetic diversity in the Turkish red fox using a part of the cytochrome b mitochondrial gene (375 bp), and attempted to evaluate the phylogeographic structure in various geographic ranges of the species with the use of sequences available from the GenBank from various geographic origins and our data. Bayesian and Network analyses of the cytochrome b sequences from Turkey and GenBank suggested that the red fox is divided into four main phylogroups. They are grouped accordingly: Group 1 (SW Anatolia, Turkey and Hokkaido, Japan), Group 2 (Eurasia and North America), Group 3 (only North America), and Group 4 (Vietnam). The majority of Turkish haplotypes grouped with those of Eurasia. Despite the great distance between the localities, two haplotypes from SW Anatolia, Turkey grouped with previously reported haplotypes from Hokkaido, Japan. The present study shows that the Turkish red fox is nested within two main phylogroups and exhibits a high genetic diversity.
Phylogenetic relationships of endemic bunting species (Aves, Passeriformes, Emberizidae, Emberiza koslowi) from the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Päckert Martin , Sun Yue-Hua , Strutzenberger Patrick , Valchuk Olga , Tietze Thomas , Martens Jochen
Published: February 2023

In this study we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of a narrow-range Tibetan endemic, Emberiza koslowi, to its congeners and shed some light on intraspecific lineage separation of further bunting species from Far East Asia and along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau in China. The onset of the Old World bunting radiation was dated to the mid Miocene and gave rise to four major clades: i) one group comprising mainly Western Palearctic species and all high-alpine endemics of the Tibetan Plateau; ii) a clade including E. lathami, E. bruniceps and E. melanocephala; iii) one group comprising mainly Eastern Palearctic species and all insular endemics from Japan and Sakhalin; iv) an exclusively Afrotropic clade that comprised all African species except E. affinis, whose phylogenetic relationships were ambiguous and only poorly supported in all reconstructions. The Tibetan bunting, E. koslowi, turned out as an early offshoot of the Western Palearctic-Tibetan clade 1 and thus represents an ancient relic lineage that dates back to a mid Miocene colonization event of its ancestors to the alpine plateau habitats. This temporal scenario of an early Miocene origin of alpine Tibetan endemics coincides with recent results for two further species, the Tibetan ground tit, Pseudopodoces humilis, and the Tibetan rosefinch, Carpodacus roborowskii. The origin of extant intraspecific phylogeographic patterns and splits among sister species in Eastern Asia were dated back to the Pleistocene with earliest lineage splits occurring among taxa from the Japanese Archipelago including Sakhalin and their mainland counterparts. A similarly ancient split separated a southern clade of E. godlewskii yunnanensis from S Sichuan and Yunnan from a northern clade including populations from central and northeastern China, Mongolia and S Siberia. Ecological segregation among breeding habitats of southern E. g. yunnanensis at lower elevations and those of other conspecifics at high-alpine habitats might have played a key role in the spatial genetic diversification of this species.
Hyphessobrycon clavatus spec. nov. - ein neuer Salmler aus Peru (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae)
Authors: Zarske Axel
Published: February 2023

Hyphessobrycon clavatus spec. nov. als Mitglied der agulha-Untergruppe der heterorhabdus-Gruppe sensu Géry (1978) aus Peru wird neu beschrieben. Die Lebendfärbung ist ein wichtiges diagnostisches Merkmal in dieser Gruppe. Die Färbung von H. clavatus spec. nov. weicht von allen bislang bekannten Arten der Gattung ab. Dies bezieht sich vor allen Dingen auf den fehlenden Schulterfleck und das dunkle diffuse Längsband, welches in der Lebendfärbung indifferent ausgeprägt ist. Es beginnt bei H. clavatus spec. nov. umweltabhängig entweder hinter dem Kiemendeckel oder etwa unter der Dorsale und verläuft in voller Breite bis auf die Spitzen der mittleren Flossenstrahlen der Caudale. Ein goldener oder silberner Streifen oberhalb dieses Längsbandes fehlt. Weitere Merkmale sind: (1) Der Körper ist vergleichsweise kurz und hochrückig, keulenartig (Körperhöhe 3,04 (2,69 bis 3,32) mal in Körperlänge). (2) Das Maxillare ist mit durchschnittlich sechs (6,40 (vier bis acht)) konischen bis dreispitzigen Zähnen besetzt. (3) In der äußeren Reihe des Praemaxillare stehen durchschnittlich zwei (1,68 (ein bis drei)) dreispitzige Zähne. (4) In einer mittleren Längsreihe stehen 31 (31,27 (30 bis 32)) Schuppen. (5) Die Seitenlinie ist mit durchschnittlich fünf (5,18 (vier bis sechs)) durchbohrten Schuppen relativ kurz. (6) Die Bauchflossen reichen bei den Männchen über den Beginn der Anale hinaus, bei den Weibchen nicht. (7) Auf den ersten sechs bis sieben geteilten Flossenstrahlen der Anale der Männchen befinden sich kleine Häkchen, ebenso auf den ersten Flossenstrahlen der Ventralen. (8) Das Analschild besteht mit durchschnittlich vier (4,18 (drei bis fünf)) aus relativ wenigen Schuppen. (9) Die Anzahl der Wirbel beträgt im Durchschnitt 32 (32,72 (32 bis 33)). (10) Die Anale wird im Durchschnitt durch 19 (18,81 (17 bis 20)) geteilte Flossenstrahlen gestützt.
Two new Oreophryne species from the Fakfak Mountains, West Papua Province of Indonesia (Anura, Microhylidae)
Authors: Günther Rainer
Published: February 2023

On the basis of material collected in the year 2008 in the Fakfak Mountains, Bomberai Peninsula, West Papua Province of Indonesia, two new microhylid frogs in the genus Oreophryne are described. Both new species are small (males 23.9 – 24.1 mm snout-vent length and 16.2 – 17.8 mm SVL) and belong to those Oreophryne that have a ligamentous connection between the procoracoid and the scapula, and by rattling or chirping advertisement calls. The larger species is further characterized by a mostly uniform dark grey-brown or black dorsal colouration with numerous small white flecks and yellow blotches on the hind limbs. The smaller species is characterized by a very small body size, and by a chirping call, this of great similarity to the call of the allopatric Choerophryne arndtorum.
A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of golden jackals (Canis aureus) (Canidae: Carnivora: Mammalia) from Turkey based mitochondrial D-loop sequences
Authors: İbiş Osman , Aksöyek Eren , Özcan Servet , Tez Coşkun
Published: February 2023

In the present study, partial sequences (439 bp) of mitochondrial DNA including D-loop region were obtained from seven golden jackals, Canis aureus, collected in Turkey. They were compared to the D-loop sequences registered in the GenBank database under the name Canis aureus. We determined four D-loop haplotypes (333 bp) among the seven Turkish sequences. Despite the limited number of sequences, our analysis indicated that Canis aureus consists of two allopatric haplogroups (a major haplogroup representing Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, Serbia and Turkey, and a minor haplogroup containing one haplotype from India) within the sampling area. Interestingly, one haplotype from Senegal was clustered close to grey wolves, used as out-group, and this haplotype might not belong to golden jackal as suggested in previous studies. Our work presented the important data obtained from the Turkish samples to reveal the phylogenetic relationships among golden jackals, and it has suggested that there is a relatively high genetic variability in Turkish golden jackals.
Comparative morphology and classification of South American cynopoeciline killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae), with notes on family-group names used for aplocheiloids
Authors: Costa Wilson
Published: February 2023

A comparative morphological study involving all cynopoeciline killifishes indicates that Leptolebias marmoratus is more closely related to species of the genera Campellolebias and Cynopoecilus than to other species of Leptolebias, and that Mucurilebias leitaoi is the sister group of a clade comprising all other cynopoecilines. Leptopanchax, new genus, is described to place species that share urogenital papilla in males separated from the anal-fin origin by broad interspace, basal portion of the urogenital papilla in males not forming a pronounced wide structure, absence of thickened tissue on the basal portion of the anal fin in males, caudal fin oval and symmetrical in males, anterior proximal radials of the anal fin not placed in close proximity in males, presence of a broad iridescent golden stripe on the distal zone of the dorsal fin in males, and caudal fin with vermiculate dark red marks in males. Poecilopanchax, new subgenus of Cynopoecilus, is diagnosed by having the basihyal narrow, about rectangular, the interarcual element of the dorsal branchial arch ossified, the uncinate process of the third epibranchial distinctively widened, a long filamentous ray on the tip of the anal fin in males, caudal fin lanceolate in males, dark bars on the flank in females, branchiostegal region with intense red pigmentation in males, a brownish red stripe on the basal portion of the dorsal fin in males, and dark red marks extending to the antero-distal margin of the dorsal fin in males. This study follows an old classificatory scheme in which all aplocheiloids are placed in a single family, the Aplocheilidae.
Variabilität und Häufigkeitsverteilung der Morphen am ersten unteren Molar (M1) in einigen Populationen der Feldmaus Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779)
Authors: Kapischke Hans-Jürgen , Kuhlisch Eberhard
Published: February 2023

Variation and frequency of enamel pattern in the first lower molar (M1) in some populations of the Common Vole Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779). – The variation in enamel pattern (morphotyps) in the first lower molar (M1) of the Common Vole, Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779) is investigated in some populations of Saxony and Brandenburg (Germany). It is concluded, that the “normal” structure is very constant, but it is a difference in the number of variations. They are higher in complexity as in simplicity forms.
Descriptive and comparative osteology of Bighead Lotak, Cyprinion milesi (Cyprinidae: Cypriniformes) from southeastern Iran
Authors: Nasri Manoochehr , Farahmand Hamid , Eagderi Soheil
Published: February 2023

The descriptive osteology of Cyprinion milesi is hereby provided for the first time and compared with those of two other Iranian members of this genus, i.e. C. macrostomum and C. kais. For examine of osteological characteristics of this species, 12 collected specimens from Sarbaz River at Mokran basin, southeastern Iran were stained using Alizarin red S. The skeletal elements were separately photographed and described. Based on the results, differences in the osteological characters between C. milesi with C. macrostomum and C. kais include: the neurocranium in C. macrostomum and C. kais is sub triangular whereas in C. milesi is narrow and triangular, the lateral and posterior corners of supraethmoid in C. milesi unlike C. macrostomum and C. kais is elongated posteriorly connecting the lateral process of the parethmoid, the curvature of lower jaw in C. milesi is between the range of that of C. macrostomum and C. kais, the ceratohyal in C. milesi is two times longer than that of C. macrostomum and C. kais, the horizontal arm of the preopercle and the length of opercle in C. milesi are longer than that of C. macrostomum and C. kais, the number of dorsal fin pterygiophores in C. milesi is lower than those of C. macrostomum and C kais, the origination of dorsal fin in C. milesi is anterior than that of C. macrostomum, in C. milesi, the supraneurals are separated from each other whereas in C. macrostomum and C. kais, they are articulated with each other and the last unbranched dorsal fin ray in C. milesi is more slender in shape than that of C. macrostomum and C. kais and its serration is covering one-third of its length, the neural complex is T-shape in C. milesi but it is axe-shape in other studied Cyprinion.