bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new look at old debates about the Corbières (NE-Pyrenees) geology: salt tectonics and gravity gliding
Authors: Parizot Oriane , Frizon de Lamotte Dominique , Missenard Yves
Published: March 2023

In the Corbières area, a large-scale nappe has been identified at the beginning of the 20th century: the “Nappe des Corbières Orientales” (NCO) resting over a thick Triassic sole. This geological object is located at the NE of the Pyrenees, close to the Gulf of Lions. At this place, the chain changes in orientation from E-W to NE-SW and presents in detail, a great complexity. The existence of the nappe itself has never been contested. However, due to its overall complexity, several controversies exist regarding the style and chronology of deformation of its substratum in the so-called the “Pinède de Durban” in particular. We show that the new concepts of salt tectonics can clarify these old debates. Indeed, the rise of the Triassic salt during Mesozoic rifting episodes results in the development of characteristic sedimentary sequences (halokinetic sequences) on top of salt walls. It is along one of these, coinciding with the prolongation of the Cévenole Fault System, that the NCO has been individualized. During its Cenozoic emplacement, a gravity-gliding component, explaining the importance of the observed translation, could result from an uplift preceding the rifting at the origin of the Gulf of Lions.
Controllability results for cascade systems of m coupled N-dimensional stokes and Navier-stokes systems by N – 1 scalar controls
Authors: Takahashi Takéo , de Teresa Luz , Wu-Zhang Yingying
Published: March 2023

In this paper we deal with the controllability properties of a system of m coupled Stokes systems or m coupled Navier-Stokes systems. We show the null-controllability of such systems in the case where the coupling is in a cascade form and when the control acts only on one of the systems. Moreover, we impose that this control has a vanishing component so that we control a m × N state (corresponding to the velocities of the fluids) by N — 1 distributed scalar controls. The proof of the controllability of the coupled Stokes systems is based on a Carleman estimate for the adjoint system. The local null-controllability of the coupled Navier-Stokes systems is then obtained by means of the source term method and a Banach fixed point.
Effect of drought on aquaporin expression in grafted and ungrafted grapevine cultivars
Authors: Koc Mehmet , Cangi Rüstem , Yildiz Kenan
Published: March 2023

Drought stress severely affects growth, development and productivity in most agricultural crops. Since ancient times, rootstocks have been used to enable crop cultivation in unsuitable soil conditions. In the present study, three factors were evaluated: 1) cultivar: Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Horozkarası’ (drought-tolerant) and cv. ‘Kabarcık’ (drought-sensitive) were used; 2) rootstock: each cultivar was self-rooted and grafted onto ‘Rupestris du Lot’ rootstock; 3) drought stress: half of each cultivar/rootstock combination underwent drought stress and the other half was irrigated at field capacity for seven days. In order to estimate the responses of the cultivars, relative water content, proline content and aquaporin isoform expression levels (VvPIP2;1, VvPIP2;2, VvTIP1;1, and VvTIP2;1) were quantified. The results revealed that drought stress caused more reduction in relative water content (RWC) in ‘Kabarcık’ cultivar (drought-sensitive) than in ‘Horozkarası’ cultivar (drought-tolerant). Proline content increased in both cultivars in response to drought stress but to a relatively greater extent in the grafted ‘Kabarcık’ cultivar. Considering expression levels of genes, VvPIP2;1, VvPIP2;2, and VvTIP2;1 were downregulated whilst VvTIP1;1 was upregulated in the leaf. Both ‘Horozkarası’ and ‘Kabarcık’ cultivars showed similar trends in terms of their responses to drought stress. Grafting significantly increased the proline content in both cultivars exposed to drought stress. The rootstock conferred better drought protection to ‘Kabarcık’ cultivar than to ‘Horozkarası’ cultivar.
Mg-doped NiCoP microflower grown on Ni foam for high-capacity supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Wang Shilong , Zhang Dehao , Meng Haoyan , Cao Shaokui , Zhang Li
Published: March 2023

In this work, a binder-free electrode Mg-doped NiCoP/Ni foam (MNCP-x/NF) was prepared via hydrothermal and phosphorization process, in which echinoid microflower-like MNCP-xwas densely loaded on the NF skeleton. By regulating the Mg2+doping amount, remarkable enhancements in the morphology, mass-loading of MNCP, electrode conductivity and overall electrochemical capacitive properties of MNCP-x/NF have been achieved. Particularly, moderate doped MNCP-0.5/NF exhibits the best energy storage performances with a superior specific capacity (4461 mC cm−2@ 2 mA cm−2), acceptable rate capability (retaining 50.1% @ 50 mA cm−2), and striking cyclability (retaining 83% over 5000 cycles). Moreover, a solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor constructed with MNCP-0.5/NF as cathode, graphene hydrogel/NF (GH/NF) as anode, PVA/KOH gel as electrolyte, outputs the notable energy density of 39.8 Wh kg−1(1.8 mWh cm−3) and power density of 16674 W kg−1(750 mW cm−3), companied by a superior cyclability (retaining 87% over 5000 cycles).
Investigation of microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of Al356/3-9%ZrB2 composites produced by the stir casting process
Authors: Zakerinia Y. , Jafari E. , Khosravifard A. , Hosseinabadi N.
Published: March 2023

In this study, aluminum 356 cast alloy as the metal matrix was strengthened with various amounts (3, 6 and 9 weight percent) of ZrB2 reinforcement particles via stir casting process. The reinforcement particles were injected into the melt during the casting. Furthermore, precipitation hardening (T6) heat treatment was carried out on a series of the cast samples. Morphology and microstructure of the samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while elemental and phase analyses were conducted by EDS and XRD. Investigation of mechanical properties (wear resistance, tensile strength and micro-hardness) showed considerable improvement with increased content of the reinforcement material. In this regard, the tensile strength increases from 135 MPa in the matrix material to 248 MPa in the composite sample which contained 9% ZrB2. Furthermore, after a sliding distance of 2000 m in wear tests, the weight loss of the same two samples were 0.0604 and 0.0218 g, respectively. In this regard, T6 heat treatment significantly improved the mechanical and tribological properties of the composite such that an increase of ∼30% in tensile strength and a decrease of more than 60% in wear weight loss were achieved in the specimen with 9% ZrB2.
Effect of Ca/Fe additives on the serial reactions of coke and sinter with CO2
Authors: Sun Zhang , Han Jiawei , Sun Yang , Dou Minghui , Guo Rui , Liang Yinghua
Published: March 2023

To investigate the effect of Ca/Fe additives on the coke-sinter serial reaction with CO2, the serial reactions of the high-reactivity cokes with Ca/Fe additives and sinter were studied. The results showed that the Ca/Fe additives promote the coupling degree of sinter-coke serial reaction. The reduction degree of sinter has a linear correlation with the carbon loss ratio of coke, and the intercept (b) and slope (k) obtained from the fitting linear function are used to characterize the serial reaction. The intercept (b) increases with the carbon loss ratio of coke derived from CRI, which indicated that b value can represent the intrinsic ability of coke to reduce oxygen atom in iron ore. The slope (k) decreases with the increase of carbon loss ratio of coke, and k value can characterize the matching degree of the sinter-coke serial reaction. Also, the Ca/Fe additives lower the OTI index of cokes, and the solution-loss reactions are easy to take place on the surface of the high-reactivity cokes. The Ca additive has more effect on the large pore evolution of coke structures during reaction than the Fe additive. Therefore, the Ca additive has more catalytic activity than the Fe additive, and the high-reactivity coke should be mixed with the high-reducibility ore to get higher efficiency of blast furnace.
Dependency of mechanical properties on artificial aging conditions for EN AW 6082 aluminum alloy
Authors: Görtan Mehmet Okan , Yüksel Berkay
Published: March 2023

Aluminum 6xxx series alloys attract attention owing to their decent strength, formability and corrosion characteristics. Mechanical properties of these alloys can be altered via precipitation hardening by applying an aging treatment known as artificial aging (AA). This investigation was focused on the behavior of mechanical properties of EN AW 6082 alloy for various aging conditions. Mechanical property response for different heat treatment procedures were analyzed together with DSC results and TEM micrographs. Solution heat treatment (SHT) temperature was found to affect the obtained yield strengths after AA considerably and higher SHT temperatures lead to higher yield strength for same artificial aging condition. It was also shown that yield strength values obtained after 480 min—180 °C artificial aging can be surpassed in shorter times at higher artificial aging temperatures. Aging times as short as 60 min may be employed using temperatures above 200 °C to obtain higher strength than 480 min—180 °C aging. Linear relationships between Vickers hardness and mechanical strengths were suggested for the complete data of the study. Negative effects of over-aging on ductility were presented and β′′ precipitates which are responsible for hardening during aging were presented using TEM micrographs. Additionally, high cycle fatigue tests were conducted for AA procedures 480 min—180 °C and 240 min—200 °C and similar fatigue strengths were reported.
Between duty and contingency. On some figures of the humanistic tradition in Kant
Authors: Russo Marco
Published: March 2023

One must distinguish between the Enlightenment concept and the humanistic concept of humanity. The former indicates a universal deontological ideal; the latter a selective set of personal and social virtues. Kant is a champion of Enlightenment but inherits various aspects of the humanistic tradition that began at the end of the fourteenth century. This tradition, which largely coincides with the so-calledHofliteratur, eclectically combines elements of ancient and Christian ethics and adds a strong pedagogical, aesthetic and socio-political trait to outline a secular morality of self-government. After briefly presenting the Enlightenment “humanist family”, the article examines some figures of the humanistic tradition present in Kantian ethics: theWeltbürger, self-improvement andhumanitas. Through them I show the substantial role of education, taste and social interplay. They converge in the sphere of pragmatic anthropology, the moment morals become involved in the dramatic theatre of the world with its dialectic and rhetoric of appearance. Here the ethics of the imperative intersect with ethics as prudence and the art of living. Rational freedom intersects with the contingency of reality and the inscrutability of the psyche. Morality becomes more impure, but also richer and more suited to take up the challenge of being human.
Kantian moral universalism, the “Enlightenment Project” and experimental ethics
Authors: Perov Vadim Yu.
Published: March 2023

The main ideas of Kant’s moral philosophy were embodied in what can be called the “Enlightenment Project”. Kant’s calls for freedom, nti-paternalism and the requirement of abandonment of concern for moral behaviour are associated with ethical ideas of autonomy, the categorical imperative, negative and positive freedom, the universality of morality in relation to the human being as a rational actor etc. These ideas are consistent with the ideals of the “Enlightenment Project”. The following ideals can be distinguished: 1) the ideal of classical scientific rationality; 2) the idea of “pure reason”; 3) free, equal and autonomous individuals; 4) moral universalism; 5) the creation of a united human civilisation; 6) the ideals of moral progress and universal happiness. In contemporary philosophy and ethics the main objects of criticism are the ideals of a free and autonomous individual, as well as ideas about the possibility of the existence of universal morality. In the context of the discussion of the possibility of the existenceof rationally justified universal morality and the existing moral pluralism, the results of the experimental on-line research of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) – “Moral Machine” – are interesting. The analysis of the results of this study shows the possibility of the existence of different types of rational universality (scientific-epistemological and moral). But while scientific universality requires theoretical unity of empirical data, moral universality firstly allows pluralism of norms and values and, secondly, requires a generalised normative regulation ofempirical moral diversity.
The reception of Kant’s doctrine of postulates in Neo-Kantianism
Authors: Heidenreich Hauke
Published: March 2023

The Doctrine of Postulates is one of the most disputed segments in Kant’s philosophy. How could the objective reality of the immortality of the soul and the existence of God fit in an understanding of modernity that is brought up as “secular” and “rational”? Leading scholars see the Highest Good as a “theological” denial of modernity itself. The question is how this central critique emerged in the discourse. Traces in modern Kant research lead to the period around 1900, when Neo-Kantianism was claimed to be the most important philosophy dealing with Kant. Today, most philosophers regard Neo-Kantianism as a consistent set of philosophical practices that refer to one specific meaning. In fact, “Neo-Kantianism” was thrown into the discourse within the debate between Neo-Kantian authors – Friedrich Paulsen, Hans Vaihinger, Hermann Cohen – and the famous Darwinist Ernst Haeckel, who published his wide-ranging best-seller The Riddles of the Universe in 1899. Haeckel undertook a sharp critique against the Highest Good, arguing it contained occultism, and “Neo-Kantianism” promoted this owing to its Kant “obsession”. He refers to the 1888 Kant interpretation by German occultist Carl du Prel. The reaction of Neo-Kantian authors was a broad rejection of the doctrine of the postulates, which subsequently constituted the new “essence” of Neo-Kantianism. Every differing position was excluded as non-Neo-Kantian und occult. The claimed unity of Neo-Kantianism was produced in a specific historical context to reject the postulates. The “essence” of Neo-Kantianism was then defined to provide the “right” non-occult interpretation of the postulates.
The end of all things. Kant and Cohen on religion and reason
Authors: Papa Stefano
Published: March 2023

According to Kant’s concept of natural religion, the moral concept of God consists in the coordinated aggregate of the concepts of holiness, goodness and justice. I argue that this concept can be used to define a critical account of religion’s role within the public sphere. In order to do so, I refer to Hermann Cohen’s philosophy of religion. Cohen undertakes to explicate a concept of religion as progress toward the “dominion of the good on earth”, especially in relation to Kant’s ideas of natural religion and ethical community. It is inferred that Cohen’s difference between progress in religion and religious progress opens a path to a definition of religion as pre-institution (religion without religion). The goal is to make the concept of religion distinct in the tradition of critical philosophy and its logic. I argue that the emancipatory project of Kantian public reason presupposes a set of rules defining the translation from postulates (Kant’s rational theism) to problems and assignments. Since natural religion is a pure practical concept of reason, religions are subject to moral evaluation. The latter being guided by the pragmatic maxim of overcoming logical and moral egoism, means that any community, even many communities at once (different cultures) can occasionally represent an ethical community, if not in the sense that an ethical community is constituted.
Animal-human-machine. Immediate context of “Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?”
Authors: Denkov Dimitar
Published: March 2023

The guiding principles of enlightenment thinking – tolerance and renunciation of the prejudice of authority – are followed to demonstrate the possibility of interpretation, using all texts as equivalent and avoiding the one-dimensional representations of the Enlightenment. The aim is to give a description of the immediate texts and contexts around Kant’s “Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?” in the “Berlinische Monatsschrift” in 1784: the fable “The Monkey” by Zöllner and the anonymous letter on Kempelen’s chess and speech machines with Biester’s comment. According to the hermeneutic-metaphysical approach “to understand the author better than he understood himself”, the article demonstrates that they are not only specimens of the most popular genres of the Enlightenment (fable, answering, letter) but also examples of the ethical issues surrounding the understanding of the relationship animal-human-machine, theory-practice, public-private, useful-harmful. The textual material is subjected to a contextual and universal examination, whereby the more general relationship between hypertheses and hypotheses is considered. Kant’s articles in the “Berlinische Monatsschrift” after his involvement in this dispute show the rethinking of the Copernican turn and demonstrate the transition from an individualistic to a public-oriented, yet not radical, position. Тhe answer to the question “What is Enlightenment?” turns out to be not only factually but also ideologically important in the transition from the first to the second version of the Critique of Pure Reason.
Comprendre la participation au para hockey : étude du rôle de l’identité sportive et les intentions de la pratique sportive
Authors: Laidet Marion , Lemoyne Jean , Trudeau François
Published: March 2023

L’inactivité physique chez les personnes avec limitations fonctionnelles est une préoccupation importante de santé publique. La pratique d’un sport peut être un moyen d’augmenter le niveau d’activité physique des personnes avec handicap. Ce projet vise à : (1) définir le profil identitaire des adeptes de para hockey, et (2) mieux comprendre les mécanismes associés aux intentions de poursuivre la pratique du sport. Le projet, mené à l’aide d’une méthode mixte, est constitué de deux études, basées sur le modèle de l’identité sportive et la théorie du comportement planifié. Dans la première étude, 115 para hockeyeurs ont rempli un questionnaire portant sur l’identité sportive. Ensuite, sept athlètes ont participé à une entrevue individuelle, pour aider à comprendre leurs intentions de maintenir la pratique sportive. Quatre-vingt-dix pour cent des répondants ont une identité sportive élevée, alors que 20 % se disent enclins à essayer d’autres disciplines. Les résultats de l’étude 2 indiquent que les attitudes, les normes sociales et le contrôle perçu incitent à continuer la pratique du para hockey mais aussi à s’initier à d’autres disciplines sportives. Néanmoins, les participants sont plus prédisposés à surmonter les obstacles pour le para hockey que pour s’initier à de nouvelles activités sportives.
L’usage clinique des degrés de certitude. Un exemple dans l’évaluation des connaissances d’adolescents diabétiques
Authors: Guemazi-Kheffi Fatiha , Leclercq Dieudonné
Published: March 2023

Contexte et objectifs :Pour vérifier les connaissances d’adolescents porteurs d’un diabète, l’association Aide aux Jeunes Diabétiques (AJD) a mis au point un questionnaire de 50 questions vrai-faux (QVF). L’enjeu de la présente action-recherche est d’utiliser cette ressource pour (a) détecter les méconnaissances ou Savoir-à-Soigner ou SàS et (b) y remédier. La première opération est facilitée par le recours à des degrés de certitude accompagnant les réponses selon des principes (Pr) synthétisés par Leclercq (Degrés de certitude : analyses spectrales de réponses acertées. Université de Liège ; 2020 [révision mars 2022].http://hdl.handle.net/2268/257334). Parmi ceux-ci, la possibilité de classer la qualité non plus seulement des réponses, mais des connaissances (ou niveaux de maîtrise cognitive). Non plus par la seule partition binaire (réponse correcte/incorrecte), mais aussi par une partition ternaire de la qualité des connaissances : nuisibles, inutilisables et utiles.Méthode :Ce questionnaire a été administré en demandant à 3 jeunes patients (porteurs d’un DT1) de fournir un degré de certitude (DC) pour chacune de leurs 50 réponses. Sur cette base, la clinicienne a repéré les Savoirs-à-Soigner (SàS) et en a fait une exploitation « à chaud » (principe du Test Spectral Métacognitif [TSM]).Résultats :Sur des questions précises, sont présentés des exemples de diagnostic par la clinicienne dans trois domaines : (1) certains processus mentaux des jeunes patients, (2) les libellés ambigus de certaines questions, (3) les points forts et certaines lacunes du programme éducatif du centre de santé.Discussion :Sur les limites de l’étude et les perspectives.Conclusion :Guidé par le cognomètre (la qualité spectrale et l’utilisabilité des réponses acertées), le débat post-TSM facilite la tâche du clinicien de reconnexion, chez le patient, entre son savoir et son vécu.
Place des supports vidéo disponibles en ligne dans l’éducation thérapeutique des diabétiques : étude évaluative chez une population de diabétiques à haut risque podologique
Authors: Yazidi Meriem , Khiari Hager , Mkaouer Samir , Ziweche Imane , Oueslati Ibtissem , Chihaoui Melika
Published: March 2023

Les capsules vidéo sont de plus en plus utilisées dans l’éducation thérapeutique. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer l’impact d’une vidéo éducative sur l’amélioration des connaissances des diabétiques à haut risque podologique. Méthodes : Étude quasi expérimentale menée chez 40 patients diabétiques à haut risque podologique selon la classification du groupe international de travail sur le pied diabétique (IWGDF). Une évaluation des connaissances sur les moyens de prévention des lésions du pied a été réalisée à l’aide d’un questionnaire préétabli avant et après visionnage d’une vidéo éducative. Résultats : L’âge moyen des patients était de 57,8 ± 1,5 ans (22 femmes et 18 hommes). L’ancienneté moyenne du diabète était de 15,6 ± 8,8 ans. Le niveau de connaissance était classé médiocre (score entre −14 et 0) chez 13 % des patients, moyen (score entre 1 et 11) chez 50 % des patients et bon (score > 11) chez 37 % des patients. Après visionnage de la vidéo, le score moyen d’évaluation des connaissances des patients est passé de 10,4 ± 4,5 à 16,8 ± 4,0 (p < 0,001). Le pourcentage des patients ayant un bon niveau de connaissance est passé de 37 % à 83 % (p < 0,001). Une amélioration > 20 % du score d’évaluation des connaissances était plus fréquemment observée chez les sujets dont le niveau de connaissance initial était classé moyen ou médiocre (p < 0,001) et chez ceux ayant un bas niveau d’instruction (p = 0,07). Conclusion : Les supports vidéo disponibles en ligne représentent un moyen efficace pour améliorer le niveau de connaissance des diabétiques à risque podologique sur les moyens de prévention des lésions du pied, en particulier, si le niveau de connaissance initial est faible et en cas de bas niveau d’instruction.
Früher oder später wird man – auch als
Psychotherapeut:in – nicht mehr gebraucht?  Eine systematische
Literaturübersicht zum Umgang von psychotherapeutisch Tätigen
mit dem eigenen Altern*
Authors: Schierock Marleen , Strauß Bernhard
Published: March 2023

Bislang liegt wenig gebündeltes Wissen über den Umgang von
Psychotherapeut:innen mit ihrem eigenen Altern vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit
war eine systematische Aufarbeitung der vorhandenen Literatur zu dem
Themenkomplex Altern von Psychotherapeut:innen. In einer systematischen
Literaturrecherche, welche primär über elektronische Datenbanken
erfolgte, wurden 55 relevante Treffer (empirische Studien, literaturbasierte
Texte, Bücher und Buchbeiträge und freie Textformen)
identifiziert, deren relevante Inhalte systematisch zusammengetragen wurden. Die
Literaturrecherche zeigte einen Mangel empirischer Forschungsarbeiten zur Frage
nach dem Umgang von Psychotherapeut:innen mit dem eigenen Altern auf. Innerhalb
der systematischen Übersichtsarbeit wurden wesentliche Erkenntnisse zu
Bereichen 1. Altersrelevante Themen und Herausforderungen bei älteren
Psychotherapeut:innen, 2. Ressourcen und Erfahrungsquellen älterer
Psychotherapeut:innen und 3. Auseinandersetzung mit dem Altern und Ausstieg aus
der psychotherapeutischen Praxis dargestellt. Die systematische
Übersichtsarbeit verdeutlicht die Umfänglichkeit der
Themengebiete, welche im Zusammenhang mit dem Altern von Psychotherapeut:innen
relevant sind. Die Beschäftigung mit dem Altern beinhaltet auch die
Auseinandersetzung mit dem eigenen Ruhestand, wobei die Literatur auf eine hohe
Erwerbsneigung von älteren Psychotherapeut:innen schließen
lässt, welche ihren Status und ihre individuellen beruflichen Freiheiten
im Alter sehr schätzen. Es wurde aufgezeigt, dass das eigene Altern mit
diversen Auswirkungen auf die berufliche Identität und die
psychotherapeutische Arbeit einhergeht. Zukünftige empirische Forschung
sollte sich den alterdbedingten Veränderungen im Kontext der
psychotherapeutischen Arbeit widmen und Einstellungen von Psychotherapeut:innen
zu altersrelevanten Themen erfragen. Interessen und Pläne der
(älteren) Psychotherapeut:innen sollten gehört und ihre
Ressourcen genutzt werden.
Complications and Disease Recurrence After Ileocecal Resection in Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Glenisson M. , Bonnard A. , Berrebi D. , Belarbi N. , Viala J. , Martinez-Vinson C.
Published: March 2023

Objective The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the risk of postoperative recurrence (POR) after ileocecal resection, the occurrence of surgical complications, and identify predictors of these adverse postoperative outcomes in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD).

Patients and methods All the children less than 18 years of age with a diagnosis of CD, who underwent primary ileocecal resection for CD between January 2006 and December 2016 in our tertiary center, were considered for inclusion. Factors related to POR were investigated.

Results A total of 377 children were followed for CD between 2006 and 2016. During this period, 45 (12%) children needed an ileocecal resection. POR was diagnosed in 16% (n = 7) at 1 year and 35% (n = 15) at the end of the follow-up, with a median follow-up of 2.3 years (Q1–Q3 1.8–3.3). Median duration of the postoperative clinical remission was 1.5 years (range 0.5–2). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified only young age at diagnosis as a risk factor for POR.

In total, 7 of the 43 patients (16%) developed severe postoperative complications, defined as requiring surgical, endoscopic, or radiological intervention. The only risk factor was intraoperative abscess.

Conclusion Only young age at diagnosis was associated with POR. This information could be useful to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for young CD children. At the end of follow-up with a median follow-up of 2.3 years (Q1–Q3 1.8–3.3), there was no surgical POR: endoscopic dilatation for POR should be considered in order to delay or prevent surgery.
Women, Surgeons, and the Innovation Pipeline
Authors: Sylla Patricia , Uzor Nicole
Published: March 2023

The paucity of gender diversity in the biotech and medical/surgical technology fields remains a persistent challenge. Over the course of history, advancements have been made; however, women remain underrepresented in these sectors from the entry level to the leadership and corporate positions. Similarly, there is a notable lack of women-led startup teams obtaining funding from venture capitalists and fewer women-led teams submitting and securing patents. We will discuss current data surrounding the lack of gender diversity in these fields, explore parallels specifically between the lack of women in surgical specialties and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pathways, and how this translates to the lack of women in the surgical and medical technology industry. We will also offer examples of the real-world ramifications of product development by teams not representative of the population. Lastly, we will offer recommendations and action items for companies, STEM educators, individuals, and allies that will continue to aid in improving gender diversity in the industry.
Research on loss characteristics and current-carrying capacity of low-smoke halogen-free cables
Authors: Jing Junmin , Xie Weicheng , Song Changquan , Zhang Yefei , Xie Huan , Wang Zehao
Published: March 2023

The current-carrying capacity is one of the key factors that restrict the safe operation of cables. Accurately grasping the current-carrying capacity of cables is an important means to improve the efficiency and economic benefits of cable operation. The calculation standard of IEC60287 not only ignores the differences between different types of cables but also makes it difficult to make timely calculations and corrections according to the changes in cables during operation. Therefore, taking the WDZ-YJY3×16 cable as an example, the electromagnetic–thermal coupling simulation model is established and the finite element simulation analysis is carried out. First, the distribution characteristics of the cable core current are analyzed by establishing a good model for simulation calculations. Then, based on this, the imbalance of the three-phase current and the relationship between the core radius and sheath loss are studied. Finally, combined with the cross-sectional area of the cable core, the influence of the loss factor on the current-carrying capacity of WDZ (low-smoke halogen-free cables) is analyzed. The results show that when the cross-sectional area of the cable reaches 700 mm2, the relative error of the current-carrying capacity of the cable reaches about 9.1%. The calculation results lay a foundation for reasonably determining the current-carrying capacity of WDZ.
Proposal of a transmitting and receiving coil configuration focusing on contactless power supply to biometric information acquisition devices for small experimental animals
Authors: Omori Tatsuki , Sato Fumihiro , Furuya Yoshiki , Sasaki Syu
Published: March 2023

In developing drugs and medical technologies, it is essential to research their actions and side effects using animal experimentation. In order to study the effects of drugs and technologies on experimental animals, it is necessary to collect biometric information such as animal activity, body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. To date, battery-powered implanted devices have been used to collect biometric information. However, these have the disadvantage of not being able to collect real-time information due to battery capacity. To solve this problem, we propose that biometric acquisition devices be driven by a contactless power supply. The shape of a transmitting and receiving coil is studied to enable power to be supplied to an implantable device regardless of the position and posture of the experimental animal. This allows us to construct a system with non-directional characteristics.
UV irradiation remodels the specificity landscape of transcription factors
Authors: Mielko Zachery , Zhang Yuning , Sahay Harshit , Liu Yiling , Schaich Matthew A. , Schnable Brittani , Morrison Abigail M. , Burdinski Debbie , Adar Sheera , Pufall Miles , Van Houten Bennett , Gordân Raluca , Afek Ariel
Published: March 2023

Somatic mutations are highly enriched at transcription factor (TF) binding sites, with the strongest trend being observed for ultraviolet light (UV)-induced mutations in melanomas. One of the main mechanisms proposed for this hypermutation pattern is the inefficient repair of UV lesions within TF-binding sites, caused by competition between TFs bound to these lesions and the DNA repair proteins that must recognize the lesions to initiate repair. However, TF binding to UV-irradiated DNA is poorly characterized, and it is unclear whether TFs maintain specificity for their DNA sites after UV exposure. We developed UV-Bind, a high-throughput approach to investigate the impact of UV irradiation on protein–DNA binding specificity. We applied UV-Bind to ten TFs from eight structural families, and found that UV lesions significantly altered the DNA-binding preferences of all the TFs tested. The main effect was a decrease in binding specificity, but the precise effects and their magnitude differ across factors. Importantly, we found that despite the overall reduction in DNA-binding specificity in the presence of UV lesions, TFs can still compete with repair proteins for lesion recognition, in a manner consistent with their specificity for UV-irradiated DNA. In addition, for a subset of TFs, we identified a surprising but reproducible effect at certain nonconsensus DNA sequences, where UV irradiation leads to a high increase in the level of TF binding. These changes in DNA-binding specificity after UV irradiation, at both consensus and nonconsensus sites, have important implications for the regulatory and mutagenic roles of TFs in the cell.
Tuning resistive switching properties of WO3−x-memristors by oxygen vacancy engineering for neuromorphic and memory storage applications
Authors: Rudrapal Krishna , Biswas Maitreyo , Jana Biswajit , Adyam V , Chaudhuri Ayan Roy
Published: March 2023

High density memory storage capacity, in-memory computation and neuromorphic computing utilizing memristors are expected to solve the limitation of von-Neumann computing architecture. Controlling oxygen vacancy (VO) defects in metal oxide thin film based memristors holds the potential of designing resistive switching (RS) properties for memory storage and neuromorphic applications. Herein, we report on RS characteristics of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor compatible WO3−xbased memristors modulated by precisely controlled oxygen non-stoichiometry. Switchability of the resistance states has been found to depend strongly on theVOs concentration in the WO3−xlayer. Depending onx, the memristors exhibited forming-free bipolar, forming-required bipolar, and non-formable characteristics. Devices with moderateVOs concentration (∼5.8 × 1020cm−3) exhibited a largeRoff/Ronratio of ∼6500, and reset voltage-controlled multi-level resistance states. A forming-free, stable multi-level RS has been realized for a memristor possessingVOs concentration of ∼6.2 × 1020cm−3. WO3−x-based memristors with higherVOs concentrations (∼8.9 × 1020cm−3–1 × 1021cm−3) exhibited lower initial resistance, lowRoff/Ronratios (∼15–63) and forming-free synaptic functions with reasonable conduction modulation linearity. Investigation of the conduction mechanism suggests that tailoringVOs concentration modifies the formation and dimension of the conducting filaments and the Schottky barrier height at the WO3−x/Pt interface, which paves the way for designing WO3−x-based memristors for memory storage and neuromorphic applications.
Rayleigh-Taylor instability in an adiabatic-radiative rare plasma
Authors: Rozina Ch , Sania B , Poedts S , Ali S , Maryam N
Published: March 2023

Considering the particle nature of photons, the impact of electromagnetic radiation pressure is examined on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) in a non-uniform rare magnetoplasma. For low-density and high-temperature rare plasma, the RTI with radiation pressure is revisited in the adiabatic limit. The growth rate conditions and propagating modes are derived using the framework of a developed fluid model. For specific values of ion temperature, the cut-off values of propagation of the fringing instability is found to be temperature dependent. A numerical comparison of the present results with previous work Maryam N, Rozina C and Ali S (2021, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
49 1072–1078) is displayed in table 1. It is found that the radiative acoustic speed is increased due to electromagnetic radiation pressure in rare plasmas as compared to radiative acoustic speed in dense plasmas. However, the growth rate of RTI increases comparatively as function of radiation pressure in rare plasmas. The present findings reveals that the consequences of RTI are remarkably concerned with the choice of electromagnetic radiation pressure either in dense (astrophysical) or rare (laboratory) plasmas. These findings are relevant to the observations of long-lived irregularities for explaining the gravitational instability in laboratory plasmas, e.g. in fusion devices like tokamaks.
Stepped metal gratings as an efficient way to design a broadband absorption efficiency and overcome recombination degradation in an organic solar cell
Authors: Asl Asghar Fanni , Heidarzadeh Hamid , Bahador Hamid
Published: March 2023

The Stepped stopped Groove Metal nano-grating (SSGMG) and Stepped Through Groove Metal nano-grating (STGMG) with a stepped hole transport layer (HTL) and a coating layer, is investigated as a novel method to obtain high absorption efficiency in a thin film organic solar cell. Enhancement of the electric field inside the gratings due to the near field and far-field coupling of wedge plasmon polaritons would lead to the improvement of the absorption efficiency of the solar cell. The proposed SSGMG model, with a 40 nm thickness of the photoactive layer, shows an absorption efficiency of 73.73% of the incident light in a wavelength range from 350 nm to 800 nm. the results show that the SSGMG model with an effective thickness of 40 nm has improved the absorption efficiency of the thickness-equivalent planar model (without coating layer) up to 133% of its initial value. Moreover, the effect of the incident angle (θ) and polarization angle (α) on the absorption efficiency was evaluated. We have found that SSGMG would lead to better absorption efficiency than STGMG because of its advantages over unpolarized light absorption. Excitation of surface plasmon polaritons inside the photo-active layer would help to reduce the recombination degradation as a result of the reduced thickness of the active layer as well as the enhanced mobility of charge. The designed structures can be used to overcome recombination degradation which is the intrinsic limitation of organic materials.
Magnetocaloric effect and critical behavior of the Mn5Ge3−xZnx alloys
Authors: Liu Zhenhua , Dong Jian , Liu Tingting , Wang Jiaxiao , Si Xiaodong , Lin Jia , Liu Yongsheng
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the magnetocaloric properties, phase transition and critical behavior of Mn5Ge3−xZnx (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) compounds fabricated by the arc-melting method were investigated. The Curie temperature and the magnetic entropy change of Mn5Ge3−xZnx alloys decrease with doping of Zn. The normalized curves of universal behavior further demonstrate the feature of second-order transition in the Mn5Ge3−xZnx alloys, consistent with the results of the Landau coefficient and Banerjee criterion analysis. To explore the properties near the phase transition, we investigated the critical behavior of this series using modified Arrott plots, Kouvel-Fisher method and critical isotherm curves. The critical exponents β, γ and δ were calculated in accordance with the Widom scaling relation,

δ
=
1
+
γ
/
β
,

and magnetic state equation,

M

(
H
,
ε
)

=

ε

β

f

±

(
H
/

ε

β
+
γ

)

,

demonstrating the experimentally obtained exponents are accurate. The spontaneous magnetization derived from the isothermal entropy change calculated from Maxwell equation, is in agreement with the spontaneous magnetization calculated from the

H
/
M
−

M

2

curves, proving the validity of calculating the spontaneous magnetization from the

Δ

S

M

−

M

2

curves.
Degeneration of N-solitons and interaction of higher-order solitons for the (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Itoequation
Authors: Huang Jing-Jie , Tan Wei , Wang Xiao-Ming
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the evolutionary behavior of N-solitons for a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation is studied by using the Hirota bilinear method and the long wave limit method. Based on the N-soliton solution, we first study the evolution from N-soliton to T-order (T = 1, 2, 3) breather wave solutions via the paired-complexification of parameters, and then we get the N-order rational solutions, M-order (M = 1, 2, 3) lump solutions, and the hybrid behavior between a variety of different types of solitons combined with the parameter limit technique and the paired-complexification of parameters. Besides, the interaction phenomenon between 1-order lump solution and N-soliton (N takes any positive integer) solution is investigated, and we give a computational proof process and an example. Meanwhile, we also provide a large number of three-dimensional and two-dimensional figures in order to better show the degeneration of the N-soliton and the interaction behavior between different N-solitons.
Evolution of turbulence characteristics in the pre-precursor phase of tearing mode included disruption in the core of EAST
Authors: Wang Y H , Li Y D , Wu G J , Li P , Zeng L , Zhao H L , Mai C W , Geng J S , Chen F
Published: March 2023

Avoiding the plasma instability, especially the disruption instability, is an important problem for the stable operation of tokamak. Large-scale instabilities driven by free energy evolve nonlinearly and lead to the disruption. The microscale turbulence is highly sensitive to the change of free energy. The paper show the electron-scale turbulence evolution in the pre-precursor phase of TMs included disruption with the

CO

2

laser coherent scattering system in EAST. In the pre-precursor phase of disruption, it is observed that the characteristics of turbulence (e.g. intensity, spatial correlation) have obviously changed for more than 30 ms. In addition, before TM (

n
=
1

) included major disruption, the spatial-correlation of turbulence in two regions (

ρ

= 0–0.4 and

ρ

= 0.4–0.8) increase obviously, while opposite turbulence spatial-correlation evolution was observed before TM (

n
=
1

) included minor disruption. The warning time for disruption with microscale turbulence is competitive while 30 ms for ITER. According to the experimental results in EAST, it may provide a new experimental evidence for the method improvement of predicting disruption.
Universality of the muon component of extensive air showers
Authors: Cazon L. , Conceição R. , Riehn F.
Published: March 2023

In extensive air shower experiments, the number of muons crossing a detector at a given position, as well as their arrival time, arrival direction, and energy, are determined by a more fundamental 3-dimensional distribution linked to the hadronic core of the shower. Muons are produced high up in the atmosphere after the decay of mesons in the hadronic cascade. The distributions of production depth, energy, and transverse momentum of muons are enough to fully predict the muon component of air showers in any particular observational condition. By using air-shower simulations with the state-of-the-art hadronic interaction models, the mentioned distributions at production are analyzed as a function of zenith angle, primary mass, and hadronic interaction model, and their level of universality is studied and assessed in an exhaustive manner for the first time.
Single inclusive hadron production at the LHC with an improved impact parameter dependent saturation model*
Authors: Gong Xiaofeng , Cai Yanbing , Zhou Daicui , Xiang Wenchang
Published: March 2023

To obtain a reasonable description of the hadron production at the LHC energies, the impact parameter dependent saturation model is modified by inclusion of an anomalous dimension γ, which controls the slope of the scattering amplitude in the transition from the dilute region to the saturation region. We calculate the transverse momentum distribution and nuclear modification factor of the

and charged hadrons with the improved model, and the results are consistent with measurements performed at the LHC. Moreover, we use the original impact parameter dependent model to study the aforementioned measurements performed at the LHC by adjusting its parameters. We find that the improved model is more consistent with the experimental data than the original one, as the anomalous dimension plays a significant role in the suppression of the evolution of the scattering amplitude.
Photometric Monitoring of Blazar 3C 66A with the Yunnan University Astronomical Observatory 1 m Telescope
Authors: Zeng Wei , Wen Tao , Gong Zhen-Lu , Chen Shi , Wu Fan , Zhang Hao-Yang , Dai Ben-Zhong
Published: March 2023

3C 66A is one of our first batches of photometric monitoring objects with the 1 m optical telescope at Yunnan University Astronomical Observatory. In the present work, the observational campaign was performed from 2021 November 1 to 2022 February 27 in the Johnson–Morgan system V and R bands. The average magnitudes in each band were

V

¯

=
15.52
±
0.18

mag and

R

¯

=
15.07
±
0.17

mag. The overall variability amplitudes were ΔV = 0.ͫ74, Amp = 70.27% and ΔR = 0.ͫ72, Amp = 68.56%, respectively. Most of the intraday variabilities (IDVs) occurred in 2021 December and 2022 February. The minimal rise/decay timescale was about 6 minutes (5.82 ± 2.74 minutes and 6.18 ± 2.81 minutes on 2022 February 11, 6.99 ± 3.70 minutes and 6.17 ± 2.91 minutes on 2022 February 12). Durations of these rapid variabilities were from 11.99 to 179.67 minutes. The discrete correlation function analyses between V and R bands showed significantly correlated variability. Color index analysis of IDVs showed that the spectrums do not change with variabilities.
Site-testing at the Muztagh-ata Site V. Nighttime Cloud Amount during the Last Five Years
Authors: Xu Jing , Feng Guo-jie , Pu Guang-xin , Wang Le-tian , Cao Zi-Huang , Ren Li-Qing , Zhang Xuan , Ma Shu-guo , Bai Chun-hai , Esamdin Ali , Li Jian , Tian Yuan , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yong-heng , Shi Jian-rong
Published: March 2023

The clarity of nights is the major factor that should be carefully considered for optical/infrared astronomical observatories in site-testing campaigns. Cloud coverage is directly related to the amount of time available for scientific observations at observatories. In this article, we report on the results of detailed night-time cloud statistics and continuous observing time derived from ground-based all-sky cameras (ASCs) at the Muztagh-ata site from 2017 to 2021. Results obtained from acquisition data show that the proportion of the annual observing time at the Muztagh-ata site is 65%, and the best period with the least cloud coverage and longer continuous observing time is from September to February. We made a comparison of the monthly mean observing nights obtained from our ASC and CLARA data set, and results show that the discrepancy between them may depend on the cloud top heights. On average, this site can provide 175 clear nights and 169 nights with at least 4 hr of continuous observing time per year.