bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malformación venosa supratentorial. Reporte de caso
Authors: Elizondo Barriel Luis M. , González González Justo , Delgado Puñales Olivia
Published: October 2019

Introducción: La Malformación Venosa (MV) es la variante más común de las malformaciones vasculares del encéfalo, puede aparecer de manera incidental en los estudios de imagen o manifestarse con cefalea, convulsiones y sangrado intracerebral por lo que su relevancia clínica y manejo aún es objeto de controversia. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 47 años de edad con cuadro de vértigos, trastornos visuales, inestabilidad para la marcha, los estudios de imagen (Resonancia Magnética, AngioTAC y Angiografía cerebral) mostraron una MV, se decide optar por una aptitud conservadora (tratamiento sintomático) y se egresa para seguimiento clínico e imagenológico en consulta externa donde ha estado libre de síntomas Conclusiones: La MV representa un anómalo pero funcional sistema de drenaje del encéfalo, son lesiones frecuentes con una baja morbilidad y taza de sangrado por lo que estas deben manejarse usualmente, salvo excepciones, de manera conservadora.
Neurocitoma extraventricular: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sabogal Rubén , Tuñón Martha , T. Dorado Marco , Vizcaíno Yoled , Padilla Huber S.
Published: October 2019

El neurocitoma extraventricular (NEV) es una neoplasia del SNC con diferenciación neuronal, infrecuente, cuya incidencia hasta ahora ha sido reportada como 0,02-0,13% de los tumores intracraneales. Fue descrita por primera vez en el año 1992 por Nishio et al. y ha sido introducida recientemente por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en su cuarta edición de la clasificación de los tumores del sistema nervioso central (SNC). Esta entidad presenta características y comportamiento similares al neurocitoma central (NC), pero se localiza en tejido parenquimatoso extraventricular. Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 28 años quien acude al servicio de urgencias del Hospital Universitario del Caribe por cefalea intensa, de predomino en la madrugada y la mañana, asociada a náusea y emesis, marcada somnolencia, lenguaje confuso, no control de esfínteres; y pérdida de fuerza en hemicuerpo izquierdo. Las imágenes diagnósticas (tomografía computarizada y resonancia magnética) identifican una lesión cortico-subcortical a nivel parietooccipital izquierdo. La evaluación de esta por hematoxilina y eosina permitió un diagnóstico preliminar de Tumor de Bajo Grado, de posible origen glioneuronal. Posteriormente la inmunomarcación reportó positividad en las células tumorales para Sinaptofisina, y negatividad para GFAP (Proteína Ácida Fibrilar Glial) e Inhibina. Teniendo en cuenta dichos resultados en la tinción para inmunohistoquímica, se reporta la lesión como un Neurocitoma Extraventricular Parietooccipital Izquierdo WHO grado II.
Descripción de los pacientes con hemorragia intracerebral espontánea en el Hospital San José de Bogotá
Authors: Ospina Osorio Jeisson , Bedoya Álvaro , Patiño Javier
Published: October 2019

Introducción: La hemorragia intracerebral espontánea (HIE) se ha convertido en una enfermedad con alta prevalencia quegenera una morbilidad y mortalidad considerable y más en nuestra región, con factores de riesgo ya conocidos por la  literatura mundial, pero sin definir en nuestra población las características epidemiológicas de esta patología. Objetivos: Caracterizar los pacientes con hemorragia intracerebral espontánea como a la vez medir mortalidad y puntajes de uso clínico para esta patología. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó de corte transversal en el período comprendido de noviembre de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2016, usando como criterios de selección pacientes con diagnóstico de hemorragia intracerebral espontánea o no traumática y edad mayor de 18 años. Resultados: Se encontraron 102 pacientes, con igual porcentaje en la aparición de hemorragia intracerebral espontánea entre los hombres y las mujeres, El 38% de los pacientes presentaron como antecedente hipertensión arterial, el 7% recibió algún tipo de intervención quirúrgica, 12 del total fallecieron a consecuencia de la HIE y de estos solo a uno de ellos se le realizo drenaje del hematoma intraparenquimatoso y se colocó una ventriculostomia. Conclusiones: Se encontraron resultados muy similares a los reportados en los diferentes estudios a nivel mundial, se debe implementar estudios prospectivos que permitan obtener más variables y resultados que permitan impactar en esta patología.
Falla renal en el paciente con lesión medular aguda
Authors: Ballestas-Figueroa Steven Javier , Yépez-Bustamante María Mónica , Muñoz-Báez Karen , Ramos-Villegas Yancarlos , Pacheco-Hernández Alfonso , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael
Published: October 2019

Las lesiones medulares constituyen un evento catastrófico relacionado con discapacidades físicas significativas y grandesimplicaciones socioeconómicas. Entre sus complicaciones, la insuficiencia renal, se encuentra relacionada con mayor morbilidad y mortalidad. De todos los mecanismos fisiopatológicos propuestos de la enfermedad, destacan el desequilibrio en las funciones reguladoras del sistema nervioso autónomo, el estado inflamatorio sistémico producto de la activación exponencial de las células inflamatorias circulantes, y la rabdomiólisis producto del trauma. Estos cambios fisiológicos que llevan a la insuficiencia renal afectan el metabolismo de diferentes fármacos, en particular de aquellos con eliminación renal. Los componentes intracelulares de la maquinaria inflamatoria, incluidas enzimas y factores de transcripción, también pueden servir como dianas terapéuticas para resolver la inflamación en múltiples órganos posterior a una lesión medular.
Students’ Writing Competence of the Fourth Semester Students of English Department of Tidar University in Academic Year 2014/2015
Authors: Christianto Bondan Eri , Yulia Yuyun
Published: October 2019

Meaning plays an important role for communication. This research is aimed at describing interpersonal, ideational and textual meanings found in the students’ hortatory exposition texts. The method of this research is a discourse analysis which analyzed meanings. The interpersonal meaning is to analyze the Mood and Modality; the ideational meaning is Transitivity; and the Textual meaning is Thematic Structure. The result of the research showed three points of conclusion. First, in terms of interpersonal meaning, it shows that the students used Declarative Mood types in their texts to give information. Most of the students used simple present tense to give related information based on the topic. Most of the students used high nominalization as the subjects of their clauses. This implies that the texts are in the form of written texts. Second, transitivity system is about people activities in particular place and time. It can be seen from the occurrence of the dominant use of of material process, relational process, and circumstance of location. Third, thematic structure showed that the clauses mostly used ideational theme. The reseacher found that the most dominant theme was the unmarked theme. It implies that the students used high nominalization because they frequently used subjects and circumstances as the nominalization in the beginning of the clauses. Thus, it is expected that metafunctions can improve students’ writing competence in the form of meaningful texts.
The Evolution of Binaries in a Gaseous Medium: Three-dimensional Simulations of Binary Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton Accretion
Authors: Antoni Andrea , MacLeod Morgan , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
Published: October 2019

Binary stars are common. While only those with small separations may exchange gas with one another, even the widest binaries interact with their gaseous surroundings. Drag forces and accretion rates dictate how these systems are transformed by these interactions. We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton flows, in which a binary moves supersonically relative to a homogeneous medium, using the adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH. We simulate a range of values of the initial semimajor axis of the orbit relative to the gravitational focusing impact parameter of the pair. When the binary separation is less than the gravitational focusing impact parameter, the pair orbits within a shared bow shock. When the pair is wider, each object has an individual bow shock structure. The long-term evolution of the binary is determined by the timescales for accretion, slowing of the center of mass, and orbital inspiraling. We find a clear hierarchy of these timescales; a binary’s center-of-mass motion is slowed over a shorter timescale than the pair inspirals or accretes. In contrast to previous analytic predictions, which assume an unperturbed background medium, we find that the timescale for orbital inspiraling is proportional to the semimajor axis to the 0.19 ± 0.01 power. This positive scaling indicates that gaseous drag forces can drive binaries either to coalescence or to the critical separation at which gravitational radiation dominates their further evolution. We discuss the implications of our results for binaries embedded in the interstellar medium, active galactic nuclei disks, and common envelope phases.
Curvature-induced Polarization and Spectral Index Behavior for PKS 1502+106
Authors: Shao Xi , Jiang Yunguo , Chen Xu
Published: October 2019

A comprehensive study of multifrequency correlations can shed light on the nature of variation for blazars. In this work, we collect the long-term radio, optical, and γ-ray light curves of PKS 1502+106. After performing the localized cross-correlation function analysis, we find that correlations between radio and γ-ray or V band are beyond the 3σ significance level. The lag of the γ-ray relative to 15 GHz is

days, translating to a distance of

parsec (pc) between them. Within uncertainties, the locations of the γ-ray and optical emitting regions are roughly the same, and are away from the jet base within 1.2 pc. The derived magnetic field in optical and γ-ray emitting regions is about 0.36 G. The logarithm of γ-ray flux is significantly linearly correlated with that of V-band fluxes, which can be explained by the synchrotron self-Compton process, the external Compton processes, or the combination of them. We find a significant linear correlation in the plot of

(polarization degree) versus

at V band, and use the empirical relation Π ∼ sin
n

θ′ (θ′ is the observing angle in the comoving frame blob) to explain it. The behaviors of color index (generally redder when brighter at the active state) and γ-ray spectral index (softer when brighter) could be well explained by the twisted jet model. These findings suggest that the curvature effect (mainly due to the change of the viewing angle) is dominant in the variation phenomena of fluxes, spectral indices, and polarization degrees for PKS 1502+106.
Solar Active Region Heating Diagnostics from High-temperature Emission Using the MaGIXS
Authors: Athiray P. S. , Winebarger Amy R. , Barnes Will T. , Bradshaw Stephen J. , Savage Sabrina , Warren Harry P. , Kobayashi Ken , Champey Patrick , Golub Leon , Glesener Lindsay
Published: October 2019

The relative amount of high-temperature plasma has been found to be a useful diagnostic to determine the frequency of coronal heating on sub-resolution structures. When the loops are infrequently heated, a broad emission measure (EM) over a wider range of temperatures is expected. A narrower EM is expected for high-frequency heating where the loops are closer to equilibrium. The soft X-ray spectrum contains many spectral lines that provide high-temperature diagnostics, including lines from Fe xvii–xix. This region of the solar spectrum will be observed by the Marshall Grazing Incidence Spectrometer (MaGIXS) in 2020. In this paper, we derive the expected spectral line intensity in MaGIXS to varying amounts of high-temperature plasma to demonstrate that a simple line ratio provides a powerful diagnostic to determine the heating frequency. Similarly, we examine ratios of AIA channel intensities, filter ratios from a XRT, and energy bands from the FOXSI sounding rocket to determine their sensitivity to this parameter. We find that both FOXSI and MaGIXS provide good diagnostic capabilities for high-temperature plasma. We then compare the predicted line ratios to the output of a numerical model and confirm that the MaGIXS ratios provide an excellent diagnostic for heating frequency.
A Fresh Look at Narrow-angle Tail Radio Galaxy Dynamics, Evolution, and Emissions
Authors: O’Neill Brian J. , Jones T. W. , Nolting Chris , Mendygral P. J.
Published: October 2019

We present a 3D magnetohydrodynamic study of narrow-angle tail (NAT) radio galaxy (RG) dynamics, including passive cosmic ray electrons. We follow the evolution of a bipolar-jet RG in a persistent crosswind through hundreds of Myr. We confirm traditional jet-bending models, while noting that our NAT exhibits a transitional morphology reminiscent of wide-angle radio tails. Once deflected, jets remain internally stable, but are intermittently disrupted by external disturbances induced by the NAT dynamics itself. The disruptions enhance jet and tail magnetic fields. Disrupted jet plasma is heterogeneously mixed with denser wind plasma, yielding patchy, filamentary tails that grow longer at a rate exceeding the wind speed. Such fast tail extension could, for example, allow NAT tails to overtake extraneous intracluster medium (ICM) features, such as shocks and shear layers downwind of where the tails first form. Those events, in turn, could generate enhanced radio emissions within the ICM features themselves that do not follow the geometrical extension of the tails past the encounter. Analysis of synthetic radio observations reveals an extended time period once the NAT has developed in which it displays a nearly steady-state morphology with integrated fluxes that are roughly constant, along with a self-similar, curved integrated spectrum. In an appendix, we outline a simple analytic jet trajectory formalism with one adjustable parameter, using it to illustrate explicit trajectories that extend the classic bending model to arbitrary jet–wind orientations.
Use cases for Taxonomic Name Services
Authors: Remsen David , Banki Olaf
Published: October 2019

Catalogue of Life Plus (CoL+) was started in 2017 as a collaborative project between the Catalogue of Life (COL), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Barcode of Life Database (BOLD), Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) and representatives from natural history museum collections. The participants jointly recognized a need for the wider biodiversity community to coalesce around common and coordinated approaches for mobilizing and inter-linking biodiversity data and information across a range of scales, themes and types. The Catalogue of Life was identified as being the clear choice to deliver taxonomic services to support these partners. Taxonomic services refer to solutions that address challenges inherent to scientific names: the ubiquitous, and often sole, contextual linkage between a biodiversity data object and the taxon to which it is linked. Without access to expert-mediated taxonomic knowledge, biodiversity data networks risk integrating or delivering biodiversity data that is incomplete or may not make taxonomic sense.

As a globally comprehensive and expert-mediated taxonomic resource, the Catalogue of Life is well-positioned to provide the underlying data and services to address these challenges and support a broad community of stakeholders. With financial support from the Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility, the Netherlands Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture as well as technical support from GBIF, CoL+ represents an effort to stabilize the Catalogue of Life checklist products and refine a roadmap for future services -services that must be informed by the needs of users.

The COL+ initiative provides an opportunity to document and understand the requirements of both Col current users and a wider future user base. Key to any expansion is ensuring a clear understanding and the appropriate response to user needs. This includes not only the requirements of "taxonomic data consumer" stakeholders, such as those listed above, but also the needs and motivations of the expert taxonomic community behind the current and future Catalogue of Life.

This session will focus on reviewing the user requirements of a diverse community of both taxonomic data producers and consumers and organizing these stories into a set of categories from which we will identify clear and useful tools and services. These will establish the basis for a compelling roadmap for the Catalogue of Life as an enabling foundation to an interlinked and global biodiversity data infrastructure.
Genetic diversity and structure of two endangered mole salamander species of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
Authors: Monroy-Vilchis Octavio , Heredia-Bobadilla Rosa-Laura , Zarco-González Martha M. , Ávila-Akerberg Víctor , Sunny Armando
Published: October 2019

The most important factor leading to amphibian population declines and extinctions is habitat degradation and destruction. To help prevent further extinctions, studies are needed to make appropriate conservation decisions in small and fragmented populations. The goal of this study was to provide data from the population genetics of two micro-endemic mole salamanders from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Nine microsatellite markers were used to study the population genetics of 152 individuals from twoAmbystomaspecies. We sampled 38 individuals in two localities forA. altamiraniandA. rivualre. We found medium to high levels of genetic diversity expressed as heterozygosity in the populations. However, all the populations presented few alleles per locus and genotypes. We found strong genetic structure between populations for each species. Effective population size was small but similar to that of the studies from other mole salamanders with restricted distributions or with recently fragmented habitats. Despite the medium to high levels of genetic diversity expressed as heterozygosity, we found few alleles, evidence of a genetic bottleneck and that the effective population size is small in all populations. Therefore, this study is important to propose better management plans and conservation efforts for these species.
Mettre en débat la science, à quelles fins ?
Authors: Potdevin Valentine , Louvel Séverine
Published: October 2019

Pourquoi, alors même que l’OPECST n’a pas vocation à promouvoir le débat public autour des sciences et technologies, les auditions publiques contradictoires y sont-elles aujourd’hui incontournables ? L’article retrace leur histoire et met en évidence les raisons pragmatiques, stratégiques et épistémiques de leur montée en puissance comme dispositif de consultation au sein de cette institution.
Testing soil water repellency in a Sicilian area two years after a fire
Authors: Bagarello Vincenzo , Basile Giuseppe , Caltabellotta Gaetano , Giordano Giuseppe , Iovino Massimo
Published: October 2019

The water drop penetration time (WDPT) technique was applied in 2018 to check persistence of soil water repellency (SWR) in a Sicilian mountain area affected by a wildfire on June 2016. A total of four sites, that were severely water repellent immediately after burning, were sampled. Depending on the site, wettable soil conditions, less SWR and maintenance of a noticeable SWR were detected two years later. At the site showing a near-constant SWR, WDPTs were particularly high in the top soil layer (0-0.03 m) and they appreciably decreased more in depth. Signs of decreasing SWR in drier soil conditions and in association with coarser soil particles were also detected at this site. High gradients of the WDPT can occur at very small vertical distances and a depth increment of approximately 0.01 m should be appropriate to capture small-scale vertical changes in SWR, especially close to the soil surface. Occurrence of SWR phenomena is easily perceivable and explainable if an inverse relationship between WDPTs and antecedent soil water content is obtained. A direct relationship between these two variables is more difficult to interpret because infiltration times that increase in wetter soil are expected according to the classical infiltration theory. A hypothesis that should be tested in the future is to verify if WDPTs that decrease in drier soil conditions signal less SWR as a consequence of a reduced biological activity of the soil. Finally, long-term monitoring projects on longevity of fire effects on SWR should be developed, even because an in depth knowledge of the involved processes is relevant for the civil protection system.
Workplace spirituality and the ethical behaviour of project managers
Authors: Van der Walt Freda , Steyn Pieter
Published: October 2019

Orientation: Despite increased interest in the topic of ethical behaviour, the unethical behaviour of individuals in various professions is increasing. In order to support professional bodies in their quest to promote ethical behaviour of professionals, one needs to consider what organisations can do to promote ethical conduct.Research purpose: The purpose of this research study was to investigate whether organisations that have spiritual values, that is, workplace spirituality, have a significant impact on the ethical behaviour of project managers.Motivation for the study: Project management as a profession has always been concerned about quality and ethics, but ethical behaviour seems to be on the increase rather than on the decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to consider factors within the organisational context that can promote ethical behaviour.Research approach/design and method: The study was quantitative in nature, and data were collected from individuals studying towards a project management qualification. A descriptive case study design was used and data were collected once-off by means of a survey.Main findings: The findings of the study indicated that workplace spirituality influenced ethical behaviour to some extent, as it promotes responsibility and fairness, which are key values of the Project Management Institute.Practical/managerial implications: If organisations adopt spiritual values and promote a spirituality-based culture, ethical behaviour could be encouraged. However, workplace spirituality should not be seen as a quick fix to reduce unethical behaviour, and unless there is honest commitment by organisational leaders to transform organisations into humanised and spirituality-based workplaces, not much will be achieved in terms of promoting ethical behaviour.Contribution/value-add: The study contributes to the literature regarding ethical behaviour and workplace spirituality.
Silencing, consultation and indigenous descriptions of the world
Authors: Townsend Dina Lupin
Published: October 2019

The Inter-American Court and Commission of Human Rights, following the approach in key international human rights texts, have emphasized the importance of procedural rights in the protection of indigenous rights to territory and to cultural identity. In particular, the Court and Commission have focused on rights to consultation in a range of cases in which indigenous peoples have challenged mining, logging and other extractive activities on their territories.

Consultation processes are often expected to serve a wide range of purposes in the protection of indigenous rights and interests in territory. Consultation is a means of informing a community about a project, but also a process through which an agreement can be reached between the community and the State about the use of territory or the sharing of benefits. In this article, I focus on consultation's role as part of the impact assessment process.

In determining the impact that a project might have on indigenous territory, the Court and Commission have found that the State must assess both the environmental and cultural impacts of a plan or activity. Consultation is a necessary part of the identification of the impacts of an activity and ensuring that the State has all the necessary information prior to making decisions to grant concessions over indigenous territory.

However, the Court and Commission's interpretation of indigenous testimony in consultation processes could undermine the role of such testimony in the assessment of environmental impacts, and might silence indigenous participants rather than ensure their meaningful participation. With reference to the idea of illocutionary silencing, taken from feminist speech act theory, I argue that the Court and Commission have interpreted indigenous testimony about the environment as being claims about the cultural impacts of disputed activities or plans, and not as claims about the environmental impacts. In other words, when indigenous community members have offered descriptions of their territories and surrounding environments, such testimony has been treated not as descriptions of the environment but as reports of cultural beliefs and practices. As a result, indigenous input in regard to the environmental impacts of a project or plan can be overlooked. In this article I argue that this failure to recognize indigenous accounts of the environment means that these communities are silenced through the consultation process and denied the opportunity to be informed about all relevant impacts.
Harnessing the transformative potential of the constitutional human right to a clean and healthy environment in the context of corporate environmental damage in Kenya: a critical perspective
Authors: Mwanza Rosemary Mutheu
Published: October 2019

Corporate environmental damage in Kenya manifests as a complex mix of humanitarian and ecological harms superimposed over serious environmental governance challenges. The existing legal framework is neither a sufficient deterrent to prevent the occurrence of harm, nor does it offer optimal remedies whenever harm occurs. The limitations inherent in law are primarily because laws are designed to reflect an economic rationality that prioritizes economic growth and profit maximization above all else. Even in cases where a causal relationship between such a rationality and the design of law cannot be ascertained, the limitations of law ultimately inure to the benefit of corporate perpetrators of harm. As a result, the law facilitates the externalization of the costs of environmental damage to the advantage of corporate perpetrators. The constitutional human right to a clean and healthy environment stands as law's response to this problem. Drawing on insights from critical theories of human rights, this article argues that the right can be an effective instrument against corporate environmental damage if it is construed in a manner that prioritizes maximum protection of the well-being of humans and ecosystems. Constructing the right in this way assumes that the new norm is itself a reflection of a new rationality, constituted by a set of values different from those that have played a predominant role in shaping legal and institutional responses to environmental damage so far. These values should guide courts, administrators and legislators in the exercise of their respective environmental protection duties.
Evaluation of the CAMS global atmospheric trace gas reanalysis 2003–2016 using aircraft campaign observations
Authors: Wang Yuting , Ma Yong-Feng , Eskes Henk , Inness Antje , Flemming Johannes , Brasseur Guy P.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) operated by the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has produced a global reanalysis of aerosol and reactive gases (called CAMSRA) for the period 2003–2016. Space observations of ozone, carbon monoxide, NO2 and aerosol optical depth are assimilated by a 4-D Var method in the 60-layer ECMWF global atmospheric model, which for the reanalysis is operated at a horizontal resolution of about 80 km. As a contribution to the evaluation of the reanalysis, we compare atmospheric concentrations of different reactive species provided by the CAMS reanalysis with independent observational data gathered by airborne instrumentation during the field campaigns INTEX-A, INTEX-B, NEAQS-ITCT, ITOP, AMMA, ARCTAS, VOCALS, YAK-AEROSIB, HIPPO and KORUS-AQ. We show that the reanalysis reproduces rather successfully the observed concentrations of chemical species that are assimilated in the system including O3 and CO with the biases generally less than 20 %, but generally underestimate the concentrations of the primary hydrocarbons and secondary organic species. In some cases, large discrepancies also exist for fast-reacting radicals such as OH and HO2.
Strong correspondence between nitrogen isotope composition of foliage and chlorin across a rainfall gradient: implications for paleo-reconstruction of the nitrogen cycle
Authors: Goulden Sara K. E. , Ohkouchi Naohiko , Freeman Katherine H. , Chikaraishi Yoshito , Ogawa Nanako O. , Suga Hisami , Chadwick Oliver , Houlton Benjamin Z.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) availability influences patterns of
terrestrial productivity and global carbon cycling, imparting strong but
poorly resolved feedbacks on Earth's climate system. Central questions
concern the timescale of N cycle response to elevated CO2 concentration
in the atmosphere and whether availability of this limiting nutrient
increases or decreases with climate change. Nitrogen isotopic composition of
bulk plant leaves provides information on large-scale patterns of N
availability in the modern environment. Here we examine the utility of
chlorins, degradation products of chlorophyll, hypothesized to persist in
soil subsequent to plant decay, as proxies for reconstructing past plant
δ15N. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that δ15N of plant leaves (δ15Nleaf) is recorded in
δ15N of pheophytin a (δ15Npheo) along the
leaf–litter–soil continuum across an array of ecosystem climate conditions
and plant functional types (C3, C4, legumes, and woody plants). The δ15N of live foliage and bulk soil display marked declines with
increasing rainfall, consistent with past studies in Hawaii and patterns
worldwide. We find measurable chlorin concentrations along soil–depth
profiles at all sites, with pheophytin a present in amounts required for
isotopic analysis (>10 nmol). δ15Npheo in
leaves, litter, and soil track δ15Nleaf of plant leaves.
We find potential for δ15Npheo records from soil to
provide proxy information on δ15Nleaf.
The SP19 chronology for the South Pole Ice Core – Part 1: volcanic matching and annual layer counting
Authors: Winski Dominic A. , Fudge Tyler J. , Ferris David G. , Osterberg Erich C. , Fegyveresi John M. , Cole-Dai Jihong , Thundercloud Zayta , Cox Thomas S. , Kreutz Karl J. , Ortman Nikolas , Buizert Christo , Epifanio Jenna , Brook Edward J. , Beaudette Ross , Severinghaus Jeffrey , Sowers Todd , Steig Eric J. , Kahle Emma C. , Jones Tyler R. , Morris Valerie , Aydin Murat , Nicewonger Melinda R. , Casey Kimberly A. , Alley Richard B. , Waddington Edwin D. , Iverson Nels A. , Dunbar Nelia W. , Bay Ryan C. , Souney Joseph M. , Sigl Michael , McConnell Joseph R.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) was drilled in 2014–2016 to provide a
detailed multi-proxy archive of paleoclimate conditions in East Antarctica
during the Holocene and late Pleistocene. Interpretation of these records
requires an accurate depth–age relationship. Here, we present the SPICEcore (SP19) timescale for the age of the ice of SPICEcore. SP19 is synchronized to the
WD2014 chronology from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS Divide) ice
core using stratigraphic matching of 251 volcanic events. These events
indicate an age of 54 302±519 BP (years before 1950) at the
bottom of SPICEcore. Annual layers identified in sodium and magnesium ions
to 11 341 BP were used to interpolate between stratigraphic volcanic tie
points, yielding an annually resolved chronology through the Holocene.
Estimated timescale uncertainty during the Holocene is less than 18 years
relative to WD2014, with the exception of the interval between 1800 to 3100
BP when uncertainty estimates reach ±25 years due to widely spaced
volcanic tie points. Prior to the Holocene, uncertainties remain within 124 years relative to WD2014. Results show an average Holocene accumulation rate
of 7.4 cm yr−1 (water equivalent). The time variability of accumulation rate
is consistent with expectations for steady-state ice flow through the modern
spatial pattern of accumulation rate. Time variations in nitrate
concentration, nitrate seasonal amplitude and δ15N of N2 in turn are as expected for the accumulation rate variations. The highly
variable yet well-constrained Holocene accumulation history at the site can
help improve scientific understanding of deposition-sensitive climate
proxies such as δ15N of N2 and photolyzed chemical
compounds.
Anomalies of dwellers' collective geotagged behaviors in response to rainstorms: a case study of eight cities in China using smartphone location data
Authors: Yi Jiawei , Du Yunyan , Liang Fuyuan , Pei Tao , Ma Ting , Zhou Chenghu
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Understanding city residents' collective geotagged behaviors (CGTBs) in
response to hazards and emergency events is important in disaster
mitigation and emergency response. It is a challenge, if not impossible, to
directly observe CGTBs during a real-time matter. This study used the number
of location requests (NLR) data generated by smartphone users for a variety
of purposes such as map navigation, car hailing, and food delivery to
infer the dynamics of CGTBs in response to rainstorms in eight Chinese cities. We examined rainstorms, flooding, and NLR anomalies, as well as the
associations among them, in eight selected cities across mainland China.
The time series NLR clearly reflects cities' general diurnal rhythm, and the
total NLR is moderately correlated with the total city population. Anomalies
of the NLR were identified at both the city and grid scale using the Seasonal Hybrid Extreme Studentized Deviate (S-H-ESD) method. Analysis results demonstrated that the NLR anomalies at the city and
grid levels are well associated with rainstorms, indicating that city residents
request more location-based services (e.g., map navigation, car hailing, food delivery, etc.) when there is a rainstorm. However, the sensitivity of the city residents' collective geotagged behaviors in response to rainstorms varies in different cities as shown by different peak rainfall intensity
thresholds. Significant high peak rainfall intensity tends to trigger city
flooding, which leads to increased location-based requests as shown by
positive anomalies in the time series NLR.
Del enfrentamiento histórico entre Estado e Iglesia en México, al aprovechamiento económico del conflicto cristero a través del turismo religioso
Authors: Millán Vázquez de la Torre Maria Genoveva , Martínez Cárdenas Rogelio , Arjona Fuentes Juan Manuel
Published: October 2019

Este artículo  analiza el conflicto armado entre diversos grupos sociales y  el Estado de México (La Guerra Cristera, 1926-1929,   cuyo origen fue la aprobación de un decreto nacional que limitaba la actividad y posesión de bienes por parte de la Iglesia Católica) asi como,  el aprovechamiento económico de dicho conflicto a traves de la creación de un  producto turistico “La Ruta Cristera” explotando  el movimiento de peregrinación para visitar lugares relacionados con los 25 santos cristeros (personas canonizadas por la Iglesia Católica que fallecieron en dicha guerra) y  que cada día tiene mas auge principalmente  en el pueblo mexicano.
Is SMART the new stupid? Health worker perspectives on producing PBF indicators
Authors: Rajkotia Yogesh
Published: October 2019

PBF program designers have traditionally selected and priced service delivery indicators based on public health value, and whether the indicator is SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and timely). This approach ignores the providers perspective on the value of inputs and opportunity costs of service provision. We conducted in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and rank order exercises with health workers to elucidate factors that drive their motivation to deliver PBF incentivized services. Health workers identified three key considerations that drive service prioritization: effort to acquire a patient, effort to treat a patient, and health worker locus of control. Health workers consider multiple factors when prioritizing PBF services to maximize their total reward. In pricing PBF services, program designers must understand inputs’ value and total opportunity costs, rather than relying on public health value and the SMART indicator framework alone. When pricing services, PBF program designers should collaborate with health workers to account for the range of factors that health workers consider when alone. When pricing services, PBF program designers should collaborate with health workers to account for the range of factors that health workers consider when making service provision decisions.
Mitos, cuentos de espantos y leyendas: tradición oral en el municipio del Socorro, Colombia
Authors: Estévez Lizarazo Jaqueline , Rueda Pimiento Oscar Eduardo , Bohórquez-Pereira Giovanni
Published: October 2019

La activación del patrimonio es el punto de partida para varios objetivos. Uno de ellos es la salvaguarda, que comienza con inventariar y catalogar el patrimonio cultural de un país, región o comunidad. Este procedimiento enfrenta desafíos particulares cuando se trata manifestaciones de la tradición oral, este es el caso de patrimonios orales como los que en Colombia reciben el nombre de “cuentos de espantos”, historias tenebrosas y espeluznantes relacionadas con personajes y espacios sobrenaturales. Adicional a esto, la ausencia de normatividad ajustada a las necesidades de la tradición oral o de antecedentes en investigación sobre el tema en el país, suponen dos grandes retos para los de puesta en valor de estos patrimonios. Este documento tiene el objetivo de discutir los desafíos mencionados y presentar alternativas para superarlos, algo que en el contexto estudiado puede ser posible gracias a la articulación de la tradición oral con el turismo cultural.
La experiencia gastronómica en el restaurante: delimitación teórica y empírica en dos tipos de establecimiento
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Economy and Technology of Ceuta. c/ Cortadura del Valle s/n. 51001 Ceuta (Spain). eugeniarodriguez@ugr.es, Rodríguez López Mª Eugenia , Alcántara Pilar Juan Miguel ,   Faculty of Education, Economy and Technology of Ceuta. c/ Cortadura del Valle s/n. 51001 Ceuta (Spain). jmap@ugr.es, Rojas Lamorena Álvaro José ,   Faculty of Education, Economy and Technology of Ceuta. c/ Cortadura del Valle s/n. 51001 Ceuta (Spain). alvarorojas@ugr.es
Published: October 2019

Objective The aim of this work is to build a multidimensional construct that gathers all the aspects that customers evaluate at the restaurant, and that receives the name of dining experience based on the theoretical conceptualization. Methodology Two subsamples (70 customers of fine restaurant, and 105 customers of casual restaurant) and the use of a Model of Structural Equation, has allowed to analyze the moderating effect that the type of restaurant exerts in the formation of the experience, and therefore the customers´satisfaction and intention. Conclusions The type of restaurant has a moderating role in the formation of the gastronomic experience in the restaurant based on the quality of the environment and the food, being greater in the effects on clients of the exclusive restaurant. It also moderates the effect of the gastronomic experience in the restaurant on the satisfaction being greater in the clients of the exclusive restaurant, while there is no difference in the effect of the satisfaction on the intention. Implications The findings offer solutions in the field of restaurant promotion according to their style. The moderate restaurant must strive to maintain the quality of the product and service, while the exclusive restaurant must pay special attention to its interior design and environment. Originality and value The main contribution is the conceptual and empirical delimitation of the gastronomic experience in the restaurant, gathering in a global construct all the evaluations of the customer experience in the restaurant.
Does game repetition influence advergaming effectiveness? The role of brand familiarity
Authors:   Facultad de Economía y Empresa. Gran Vía 2, 50005, Zaragoza (España). scatala@unizar.es, Catalán Sara , Martínez Eva ,   Facultad de Economía y Empresa. Gran Vía 2, 50005, Zaragoza (España). emartine@unizar.es
Published: October 2019

In the last few years, advergames have become an innovative tool through which advertisers are sending their advertising messages to their target audiences. Some of the most recent advergames usually take the form of a gaming app, so that consumers can play them through their mobile devices (smartphones and tablets) as many times as they want. However, the effect of repeated exposure to the advergame on its effectiveness has received limited attention in previous advergaming literature. In order to fill this gap, the purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of advergame repetition on its effectiveness, measured as players’ brand attitude and purchase intentions. In addition, this study is aimed at investigating the role played by players’ familiarity with the brand promoted in the advergame on this relationship. Based on a sample of 234 Irish participants who played an advergame from the well-known snack food brand Oreo, findings show that both brand attitude and purchase intentions of players with less brand familiarity have a curvilinear relationship with game repetition. On the contrary, players who are more familiar with the brand promoted in the advergame show a linear relationship among game repetition and players’ brand attitude and purchase intentions.
GLICOCORTICOIDES, COMPORTAMENTO E ENRIQUECIMENTO AMBIENTAL: AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM AVES SILVESTRES CATIVAS
Authors: De Almeida Ana Claudia , Moreira Nei
Published: October 2019

O bem-estar de animais cativos tem sido extensivamente discutido e estudado, envolvendo tanto a produção e experimentação animal quanto oszoológicos. Animais cativos podem sofrer com a falta de espaço e de estímulos físicos e mentais característicos desse tipo de ambiente. As aves possuem alta capacidade cognitiva, o que as torna muito suscetíveis ao estresse pelo cativeiro. O estresse vivenciado nesse meio pode causar estereotipias, arrancamento de penas, comportamento de bicar grades e paredes e comportamento excessivamente agressivo, indicando baixa qualidade de vida. Devido à preocupação crescente com esses fatores, diversos estudos têm desenvolvido técnicas de avaliação do estresse. Métodos não invasivos como o monitoramento comportamental e aavaliação fisiológica da atividade adrenal através de excretas e penas têm auxiliado os pesquisadores e as instituições a entender os processos associados ao estresse. Esse conhecimento permite uma melhoria na qualidade de vida das aves com práticas corretas de manutenção, âmbito no qual as técnicas de enriquecimento ambiental ganham cada vez mais espaço.
AVALIAÇÃO MORFOMÉTRICA OVARIANA E RECUPERAÇÃO DE COMPLEXOS Cumulus oophorus DE FÊMEAS SUÍNAS PRÉ-PÚBERES POR ASPIRAÇÃO FOLICULAR E SECÇÃO DOS OVÁRIOS
Authors: Neves Andressa Carvalho , Marcondes Gabrielle , Da Silva Ingrid Caroline , Loddi Maria Marta , Leal Karolewski Luciana Da Silva
Published: October 2019

Os objetivos do estudo foram caracterizar as dimensões ovarianas eavaliar duas técnicas de recuperação de CCOs (complexos Cumulus oophorus) de ovários de fêmeas suínas pré-púberes, com idade média de cinco meses e peso corporal médio de 80 kg. Os ovários derivados de abatedouro (n=127) foram pesados usando uma balança digital e medidos (comprimento, largura e altura) com um paquímetro. Dos 127 ovários, 38 foram submetidos à aspiração folicular e 20 foram seccionados utilizando-se uma lâmina de bisturi. Os CCOs dos 58 ovários foram classificados em graus 1, 2, 3 e 4, com o auxílio de um estereomicroscópio. As médias de CCOs recuperados segundo a técnica foram comparadas pelo teste t (P<0,05). As variáveis foram correlacionadas pelo teste de Correlação de Pearson.Os resultados médios observados foram: peso dos ovários 4,26 g; comprimento 2,57 cm; largura 1,99 cm e altura 1,39 cm. No total, foram recuperados 5.871 CCOs dos 58 ovários. As porcentagens de cada grau foram as seguintes: 0,87%; 2,23%; 14,50% e 82,40% (graus 1, 2, 3 e 4, respectivamente). Do número total de CCOs colhidos, o grau 4 foi o mais prevalente e significativo para este experimento. O peso corporal e a largura ovariana exibem maior influência na quantidade e na qualidade dos CCOs. Conclui-se que a técnica de secção provê maior recuperação de CCOs. Quando a técnica de recuperação de CCOs é utilizada em fêmeas suínaspré-púberes prevalece a recuperação de CCOs grau 4.
ADITIVOS ALIMENTARES EM DIETA PARA FRANGOS DE CORTE SOB ESTRESSE INFECCIOSO POR COCCÍDEOS
Authors: Dos Santos Ione Iolanda , Kessler Alexandre De Mello , Mendes Juliano Fraga , Labres Raquel Valim
Published: October 2019

Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito de diferentes aditivosna integridade intestinal e no desempenho de frangos de corte sob condições de estresse infeccioso. Utilizou-se 240 frangos Cobb de um dia de idade e quatro dietas experimentais: dieta controle sem aditivo, probiótico, óleos essenciais e antibiótico. Avaliou-se o ganho de peso (GP), consumo de ração (CR), conversão alimentar (CA), escores de lesão intestinal, altura (AV) e densidade de vilos (DV), profundidade de cripta (PC) e a relação vilos:cripta (V:C) nos segmentos intestinais. Aos 28 dias foi encontrado nos animais alimentados com a dieta com óleos essenciais maior (P<0,05) escore de lesão. A menor PC e a maior (P<0,05) relação V:C foram encontradas em animais que receberam antibiótico aos 21 e 28 dias. Asdietas com probiótico e antibiótico possibilitaram maior (P<0,05) CR e GP no período de 21 dias. Porém, os animais que receberam a dieta com probiótico não apresentaram melhor (P<0,05) CA. Com exceção da CA aos 21 dias, as dietas analisadas não melhoraram (P<0,05) o desempenho e o escore de lesão dos animais em relação à dieta controle.
ROOTING OF Ficus enormis MINI-CUTTINGS WITH DIFFERENT LENGTHS
Authors: Mireski Maria Cecília , Mendes Duarte Manoela , Stuepp Carlos André , Wendling Ivar
Published: October 2019

Ficus enormis is a native species with great ecological potential, especially for ecosystems restoration. The present study aimed to evaluate the rooting, root and vegetative vigor of Ficus enormis mini-cuttings and to determine its best length for the formation of seedlings. Mini-cuttings were collected from clonal mini-garden, prepared with 2 ± 0.2 cm, 4 ± 0.2 cm, 6 ± 0.2 cm, 8 ± 0.2 cm and 10 ± 0.2 cm of length and diameter of 0.5 ± 0.2 cm. The planting was carried out in plastic boxes filled with commercial substrate based on carbonized rice hulls and coconut fiber, conditioned in a greenhouse. After 45 days, were avaluated the rooting percentage, original leaf maintenance, mini-cuttings with roots and callus percentage, length of the three largest roots/mini-cutting, shoot emission percentage, number of root/mini-cutting and mortality percentage. The results showed that the mini-cuting length did not influenced the rooting percentage, callus and root formation, and root length mean. However, shoot emission, number of root and mortality were influenced by the mini-cutting length.