bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3.2. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕОРИИ СИСТЕМ ЛИНЕЙНЫХ НЕРАВЕНСТВ В ПРОГНОЗНОМ АНАЛИЗЕ ФИНАНСОВОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ КОММЕРЧЕСКОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Klochkov V.V. , Klochkov V.V. , Negashev E.V.
Published: April 2020

В статье, продолжающей изложение методики анализа финансовой устойчивости коммерческой организации в рамках новой парадигмы анализа, рассмотрены возможности применения в прогнозном анализе линейных неравенств, ограничивающих стоимостные величины хозяйственных операций, восстанавливающих финансовое равновесие, в качестве тестов для сравнения различных сценариев будущих хозяйственных операций и в качестве инструмента построения возможных сценариев восстановления финансового равновесия в виде решений систем линейных уравнений и неравенств. На численном примере демонстрируется алгоритм внутренних точек для решения таких систем.

The article, which continues the presentation of the methodology for analyzing the financial stability of a commercial organization within the new paradigm of analysis, considers the possibilities of using linear inequalities in predictive analysis that limit the value of business operations that restore financial equilibrium as tests for comparing various scenarios of future business operations and as a tool for constructing possible scenarios for restoring financial equilibrium in the form of solutions to systems of linear equations and inequalities. A numerical example demonstrates the algorithm of internal points for solving such systems.
7.1. АНАЛИЗ РЫНКА СОТОВОГО РИТЕЙЛА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors: Yemelyanova E.V. , Lesina T.V. , Lesina T.V. , Lesina T.V.
Published: April 2020

Актуальность исследуемой проблемы обусловлена тем, что рынок сотового ритейла растет и динамично развивается, наличие большого количества салонов сотовой связи заставляет организации искать все новые способы выживания в конкурентной борьбе. Цель статьи заключается в анализе рынка сотовых ритейлеров в Калуге. Ведущим методом исследования данной проблемы является проведение маркетингового исследования в форме опроса потенциальных покупателей. В статье представлены результаты анализа предпочтений потребителей на рынке, посчитан индекс лояльности, проведен анализ проблем и перспектив развития рынка. Материалы статьи могут быть полезными при анализе работы салонов сотовой связи, для разработки стратегии развития сотовых ритейлеров.

The Relevance of the studied problem is due to the fact that the market of cellular retail is growing and dynamically developing, the presence of a large number of cellular shops makes organizations look for new ways to survive in competition. The purpose of the article is to analyze the market of cellular retailers in Kaluga. The leading method to study this problem is to conduct market research in the form of a survey of potential buyers. The article presents the results of the analysis of consumer preferences on the market, counted on the loyalty index, conducted the analysis of problems and prospects of development of the market. The materials of the article can be useful in the analysis of the work of cellular shops, to develop a strategy for the development of cellular retailers.
5.4. ОСОБЕННОСТИ БЮДЖЕТНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В ФЕДЕРАТИВНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ГЕРМАНИЯ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Klokova A.L. , Kuznetsov K.V. , Plisova A.B.
Published: April 2020

В статье представлены результаты анализа нормативно-правовых актов Федеративной Республики Германия, регулирующих бюджетный процесс, выявлены особенности организации бюджетного процесса, дана характеристика основных этапов перераспределения бюджетных средств между регионами. Полученные результаты послужили основой для формирования рекомендаций, представленных в статье, по совершенствованию бюджетного процесса в Российской Федерации посредством внедрения алгоритма горизонтального выравнивания в ходе перераспределения финансовых ресурсов с учетом уровня расчетной бюджетной обеспеченности.

The article presents the results of the analysis of regulatory acts of the Federal Republic of Germany, regulating the budget process, reveals the features of the organization of the budget process, gives a description of the main stages of the redistribution of budget funds between regions. The obtained results served as the basis for the formation of the recommendations presented in the article on improving the budget process in the Russian Federation through the introduction of a horizontal alignment algorithm during the redistribution of financial resources, taking into account the level of estimated budgetary provision.
Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Trakeostomi Uygulamaları
Authors: IŞIK Şehribanu , ALYAMAÇ DİZDAR Evrim , ERTEKİN Ömer , BEZİRGANOĞLU Handan , URAŞ Nurdan , IŞIK Murat Eray , OĞUZ Şerife Suna
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Bu araştırmada ünitemizde trakeostomi açılmış olan hastaların endikasyonları,
erken ve uzun dönem sonuçlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Ocak 2013- Aralık 2015 arasında Zekai Tahir Burak
Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Yenidoğan Yoğunbakım kliniğinde
izlenen ve trakeostomi açılmış olan 11 hastanın geriye dönük kayıtları
incelenmiştir. Hastaların gestasyonel yaşları, doğum ağırlıkları, trakeostomi
endikasyonları, trakeostomi öncesi entübe kaldıkları gün sayısı, komplikasyonlar,
komorbiditeler, mortalite oranları, mevcut klinik durumları kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların gestasyon yaşı ortanca 32 hafta (23-39), doğum
ağırlığı 1470 gr (550-3180) idi. Trakeostomi öncesi entübe kalma süresi ortanca
130 gün (1-290) idi. Trakeostomi açılma günü 73 (1-190) gün saptandı.
Trakeostomi açılma sebepleri 1 hastada konjenital laringeal anomali, dört
hastada prematürite komplikasyonları (bronkopulmoner displazi, subglottik
stenoz), üç hastada nöromüsküler güçsüzlük (asfiksi, metabolik hastalık,
myotonik distrofi), bir hastada Beckwith-Wideman sendromu, bir hastada
artrogyropozis multipleks, bir hastada Arnold-Chiari malformasyonu nedeniyle
uzamış mekanik ventilasyon idi. Trakeostomi sonrası üç (%27,2) hasta mekanik
ventilatörden ayrıldı. Bu hastalarda mekanik ventilatörden ayrılma süresi
ortanca 18,6 (4-40) gün olarak saptandı. Ortanca hospitalizasyon süresi 180
(1-350) gün olup sekiz hasta (%72,7) takip süresince primer hastalıkları
nedeniyle kaybedildi. İki (%18,1) hasta taburcu edildi. Hastaların üçüne (%27,2)
ikinci kez trakeostomi açılması gerekti, iki hastaya kazara dekanulasyon
nedeniyle, bir hastaya striktür nedeniyle revizyon yapıldı. Bir hasta
taburculuk sonrası izleminde trakeotomisi kapatıldı.

Sonuç: Günümüzde uzun süreli entübasyon ve sekelleri pediyatrik yaş
grubundaki trakeostominin en önemli endikasyonu haline gelmiştir.
KOZMETİK ÜRÜNLERDEKİ BAZI KİMYASALLARIN GEBE, FETÜS VE YENİDOĞAN SAĞLIĞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: SADE Gülüzar , ÖZKAN Hava
Published: April 2020

İnsanlar tarih boyunca güzelleşmek, bakımlı olmak,
kötü kokuları uzaklaştırmak, dış görünüşlerinin bir kısmını değiştirmek için
kozmetik ürünler kullanmışlardır. Başlangıçta insanlar aromatik bitkiler,
yağlar, çeşitli bitki özleri ve boyaları kullanmışlardır. Teknolojinin
gelişimiyle doğallıktan uzaklaştırılmış, kimyasallarla kalıcılığı ve kullanım süresi
arttırılmış ürünler kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Kozmetik ürünlerdeki
çeşitliliğin artması insanların kimyasal ürünlere maruziyetini de arttırmıştır.
İnsanlar kozmetik ürünlerdeki kimyasalları vücutlarına genelde deri yoluyla
alırlar ancak bazen ağız yoluyla ve inhalasyon şeklinde de almaktadırlar. Bir
kimyasal maddenin zararlı etkilerinin ortaya çıkması için hayatın hangi
döneminde kullanıldığı, kullanım süresi ve miktarının ne kadar olduğu, diğer
maddelerle etkileşimi ve vücutta kalma süresinin bilinmesi önemlidir. Kozmetik
ürünlerin kullanımında en riskli dönem gebelik, yenidoğan ve adölesan dönemleridir.
Bu dönemlerde kozmetik ürün kullanımı süreklilik arz eder ve içindeki
kimyasallar belli bir eşik değerin üzerine çıkarsa gebe, fetüs, yenidoğan ve adölesan
dönemindeki bireyin sağlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Kozmetik
ürünlerdeki kimyasallar abortusa, ölü doğuma, düşük doğum ağırlığına, intrauterin
gelişim geriliğine, doğumsal defektlere, erken doğuma, bazı kanserlere, kadın
ve erkeklerde infertiliteye, pubertenin gecikmesine, endokrin sistem
bozuklukları ile bazı sistemik hastalıklara neden olabilmektedir. Kozmetik
ürünlerin gebe, fetüs ve yenidoğan sağlığına etkisinin zararsız olduğu
ispatlanana kadar her türlü kozmetik ürüne şüpheyle yaklaşılmalı ve
gerekmedikçe kullanılmamalıdır. Konu ile ilgili daha fazla çalışmalar yapılarak
kanıt düzeyleri oluşturulmalıdır. Gebelikte kozmetik ürün kullanımı konusunda sağlık
profesyonelleri tarafından halk bilinçlendirilmelidir. Bu derlemede kozmetik
ürünlerdeki bazı kimyasalların gebe, fetüs ve yenidoğan sağlığına etkilerine
dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.
İntravenöz İmmünoglobulin ve Eritrosit Transfüzyonu ile Tedavi Edilen Bir Anti-C izoimmünizasyonu: Vaka Takdimi
Authors: İYİGÜN Fatma , YILMAZ Elmas , ÇELİK İstemi , BAŞ Ahmet Yağmur , DEMİREL Nihal
Published: April 2020

Yenidoğan hemolitik hastalığı (YHH) nedenleri içerisinde minör kan grubu uygunsuzluğunun önemi giderek artmaktadır. Major kan grubu uygunsuzluğu bulunmayan ve hemolitik hastalığı olan yenidoğanlarda minör kan grubu uyuşmazlığı da düşünülmelidir. Minör kan grubu uyuşmazlığı olgularında subklinik hemoliz bulgularından aktif hemoliz ve kan değişimi gerektiren yenidoğan sarılığına kadar değişkenlik gösteren tablolar görülebilir. Rh sistemi içinde yer alan C antijenine karşı gelişmiş anti-C antikorları hafif seyirli anemi ve hiperbilirubinemi ile seyreden izoimmünizasyona neden olur. Burada hafif- orta şiddette izoimmunizasyon gösteren, hayatının ikinci haftasında fototerapi gerektiren hiperbilirubinemi ve transfüzyon gerektiren anemisi olan bir olgu sunulmuştur.
Prematürenin Geçici Klitoromegalisi: Üç Olgunun Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: UZAN TATLI Zeynep , HATİPOĞLU Nihal , KURTOGLU Selim
Published: April 2020

Yenidoğan prematüre bebeklerde anneden veya bebeğin kendisinden kaynaklanabilen çeşitli nedenlerle klitoromegali saptanabilmektedir. Yenidoğan bebeklerde klitoromegali varlığında, konjenital adrenal hiperplazi başta olmak üzere, adrenal kitleler, klitoris yerleşimli yer kaplayıcı lezyonlar araştırılmalıdır. Bu sebeplerin dışında yenidoğan prematüre bebeklerde geçici, selim klitoromegali gelişimi tanımlanmıştır. Prematüreliğe bağlı yağ dokusu azlığı, fetal adrenal korteks aktivitesi gibi nedenlerle açıklanmaya çalışılan bu durum bazen hastanın gereksiz tedaviler almasına bile neden olabilir. Dolayısıyla, prematüre bebeklerde görülen klitoromegali dikkatle ele alınması gereken bir bulgudur.
Laparoskopik Myomektomi Sonrası Belirgin Hemoglobin Düşüşüne Etki Eden Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: VARLI Bulut , Baydemir Kaan , ŞÜKÜR Yavuz , BERKER Bülent
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Laparoskopik myomektomi sırasında belirgin hemorajiye neden olarak postoperatif hemoglobin düşüşüne etki eden faktörlerin belirlenmesi
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tersiyer merkezde 5 yıllık süre boyunca laparoskopik myomektomi operasyonu geçiren ve hastane bilgi yönetimi sistemine verileri eksiksiz girilmiş hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Çalışmaya toplam 152 hasta dahil edildi. Tüm hastalardan postoperatif 8. saatte hemogram kontrolü yapıldı. Preoperatif hemoglobin değerinin 2 g/dL azalması belirgin hemoraji olarak kabul edildi. Vaka grubu 38, kontrol grubu 114 hasta içermekteydi. Gruplar; toplam myom boyutu, dominant myom boyutu, 1’den fazla myom varlığı gibi intraoperatif hemorajiye neden olabilecek faktörler açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Dominant myom boyutunun 6 cm’den büyük olması ve 1’den fazla sayıda myomun çıkarılması postoperatif belirgin hemoglobin düşüşüne neden olsa da hastanede kalış süresi bu durumdan olumsuz olarak etkilenmemektedir.
Sonuç: Laparoskopik myomektomi öncesi her hasta mutlaka görüntüleme yöntemleriyle değerlendirilmeli ve myomlar haritalandırılarak cerrahi yaklaşım buna göre belirlenmelidir. Çok sayıda myom varlığı veya dominant myomun büyük olduğu durumlarda hastalar ameliyat öncesi dönemde transfüzyon ihtiyacı ve laparotomiye dönüş hakkında bilgilendirilmeli, intraoperatif hemostaz konusunda dikkatli olunmalıdır.
Current scenario in the European edible-insect industry: a preliminary study
Authors: Pippinato L. , Gasco L. , Di Vita G. , Mancuso T.
Published: April 2020

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the novel food market due to the growing demand for protein-rich food and the diversification of the protein sources currently used. The edible insect and insect based-food sector has recently experienced an increase in the quantities produced and traded. This increase has occurred thanks to awareness-raising actions and the development of European regulations. The limited development of this sector does not permit in-depth market and business analyses, since it is still in formation, which means that it is still a relatively unexplored field of study, especially on the European scene. The objective of this study is to carry out a preliminary investigation of the consistency, typology and product assortment of the companies located in the European Union and which are focused on the production and marketing of insect-based products. The survey was performed through the investigation of the E-commerce catalogues and Internet websites of the companies. The study also focuses on the main insect species used, the origin of the raw material used and the prices of products currently available on the European market. The results show that companies are mainly located in the northern European countries and that the most used distribution channels are the E-commerce websites, compared to physical retail outlets. Most companies also buy their raw material from third party companies, even non-European ones, and then process or only resell the product. The products which sold the most were whole insects or insect meal, mainly based on Tenebrio molitor or Acheta domesticus. Prices showed a high variability, in particular related to the species used and how it is packaged.
La dialéctica platónica: ¿un fármaco para la polis?
Authors: Hermoso Félix María Jesús
Published: April 2020

En el presente artículo proponemos fijar nuestra atención en una de las perspectivas vinculada a la dialéctica platónica que atañe de lleno a la conformación de la polis: el cuestionamiento de fondo que el proceder de la dialéctica dirige a lo cotidiano, a las convenciones sociales, a los formalismos, a las creencias socialmente asumidas. Nos centraremos en el pasaje de República 537e-539e donde la dialéctica aparece vinculada internamente con la refutación. Este proceder, que abre el camino al desarrollo del método dialéctico, requiere tomar distancia respecto de la visión cotidiana inconscientemente asumida y ejercitar la conciencia crítica. Platón explora los peligros de la dialéctica en el margen fronterizo entre la puesta en cuestión de lo cotidiano y la responsabilidad asumida hacia la polis.
La distancia imposible entre el «cap» derridiano y la «polis» heideggeriana
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Pablo B.
Published: April 2020

En este texto se desarrolla un estudio de la noción «cap» en Derrida en confrontación con el modo en que Heidegger presenta la «polis» en sus textos elaborados entre 1935 y 1943. De este modo, a través del término «khôra», compartido por Heidegger y Derrida, se afronta la topología del habitar de los hombres como dimensión necesariamente abierta hacia lo otro. Se comprueba así, a través de la «hospitalidad» que presentan Heidegger y Derrida, la diferencia existente entre ambos en torno a la posibilidad o imposibilidad de ese espacio «aporético» para el habitar humano.
A Systematic Review of e-Service Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Bukas Marcus Valerie , Azean Atan Noor , Mohd Yusof Sanitah , Tahir Lokman
Published: April 2020

E-Service Learning is a service-learning course when the instruction and/or the service occurs online gains popularity among educators as we are transitioning to online learning platforms. The current study presents a systematic review of papers on the research involved information and communications technology (ICT) in the service-learning project. Studies have noted the growing use of ICT in service-learning projects for various purposes such as for communication and collaboration, data collection, reflection, and instruction delivery. However, very little research analysed students’ engagement in this e-Service Learning environment. Future research should be done to investigate an effective application of technology in service-learning courses, especially to attain the attention of digital natives nowadays and engaging learners instead of merely using technologies in service-learning courses.
Development of Learning Media based on Android Games for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Agustini Maria , Yufiarti Yufiarti , Wuryani Wuryani
Published: April 2020

This is a learning media with the scope of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) for children of age 7 – 8 years. The study aims is to education learning media for children with ADHD with existing games. The Dick and Carey instructional model   that has been used is a model of development engaging steps of procedural approaches. The achieved results are going to be used to design a teaching and learning media through the Bible Warrior Adventure Games. This research brings out teaching material products that can be accessed by Android application. By using this learning media, the Sunday School Children with ADHD will be able to learn Christian education easily through Android. The results of the field trial found the fact that after testing the use of instructional media was able to facilitate and increase the knowledge and competence of children with special needs ADHD and can create effective learning, and motivate students in learning.
Development of Sensor-Based Blind Swimmig Aids
Authors: Hartono Fajar Vidya , Tangkudung James , Sukur Abdul , Dlis Firmansyah
Published: April 2020

Blindness is a condition where the senses of vision are not functioning (low vision) or overall (total blindness). Persons with visual impairments are who can enjoy swimming with the help of sensors. The aim of the study was to create aids for sensor-based blind visual swimming that can be used during swimming exercises. The method used is a qualitative approach, the main data obtained through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation and procedures of research and development used is the Borg and Gall model. This study is expected to contribute to blind swimming aids material products which are effectively used for swimming exercise skills. This study concluded that the product development sensor based blind learning swimming aids can be used for motion skills training for blind swimming athletes.
L’attendrissement dans la compassion et la pitié
Authors: de Lima Eliane Soares
Published: April 2020

Le propos de notre travail est d’examiner, sur la base d’une analyse lexicale, les points de similitude et surtout de divergence dans l’émergence du sentiment de compassion et de pitié. À cet effet, nous relèverons tout d’abord les définitions dictionnairiques avancées par plusieurs langues romanes, afin d’y saisir les sèmes constituants pour chacun de ces noyaux passionnels ainsi que les éléments de leur processus de configuration discursive. Il s’agit de comprendre, en déployant la structure narrative sous-jacente à chacun des lexèmes-affects, ce qui, à partir d’une même scène prédicative, détermine deux modes distincts d’interaction affective : l’un plus sensible, propre à un « sentir avec », l’autre plus intelligible, typique d’un « sentir pour ».
Appel à la pitié, questionnement problématologique et paradoxe pathémique
Authors: Rabatel Alain
Published: April 2020

Cet article analyse des textes évoquant des conceptions religieuses basées sur une absence de pitié (et a fortiori d’appel à la pitié) envers des êtres humains ravalés au rang d’ennemis, tant dans la revue de DAECH, Dar al-Islam, que dans une correspondance de Voltaire relative aux châtiments que les catholiques infligèrent à la famille Sirven. Ces textes soulignent combien l’appel à la pitié gagne à être problématisé – ce qui sera fait ici selon une conception de l’argumentation comme argumentation indirecte – dans son contenu comme dans ses manifestations et ses analyses, car le lien entre religion(s) et compassion ou pitié ne va pas de soi. L’article interroge d’abord sur les raisons pour lesquelles il n’y a pas appel à la pitié, dans des conceptions intolérantes de la religion, avant de dégager les raisons positives de l’expression de la pitié, et, plus spécifiquement, du devoir de pitié. Il examine ensuite une mise en discours originale de l’appel à la pitié dans une lettre mi-privée, mi-publique de Voltaire relative à l’Affaire Sirven. Enfin, il esquisse une problématisation linguistique de la notion de questionnement problématologique de Michel Meyer (2017), dans la mesure où les stratégies discursives adoptées par Voltaire dévoilent un paradoxe pathémique, le texte étant d’autant plus émouvant qu’il comporte relativement peu de pathèmes, qu’il incite à l’action, dès lors que l’appel à la pitié suscite, outre l’apitoiement, un sentiment d’indignation face aux iniquités qui s’acharnent sur des victimes innocentes.
Faire entendre les sans-voix
Authors: Maingueneau Dominique
Published: April 2020

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à étudier un certain type d’appel à la pitié dans les médias en faveur de personnes qui sont présentées comme des « sans-voix », et qui, en conséquence, ont besoin de médiateurs. Dans un premier temps, nous soulignons la différence entre ce type de médiation et les interventions politiques en faveur de groupes considérés comme exclus. Puis nous analysons les difficultés qui surgissent quand ceux qui appellent à la pitié mobilisent des ressources d’ordre esthétique. Cette question est illustrée par l’étude de divers exemples empruntés au monde contemporain : un groupe de rock caritatif dont le nom est « Les Sans voix », la Chanson des « Restos du cœur », et une vidéo où sont mis en scène des locuteurs qui sont censés rapporter des témoignages recueillis auprès de « sans-voix » victimes d’abus sexuels.
Plasma Electrolytic Cementation of 0.3C-1Cr-1Mn-1Si-Fe Steel
Authors: Satbayeva Zarina A. , Zhurerova Laila Gylymmeddenovna , Tabieva Erkezhan Erkinbekkyzy
Published: April 2020

This work is devoted to research of the structural-phase condition and changes in the mechano-tribological properties of 0.3C-1Cr-1Mn-1Si-Fe structural steel after plasma electrolytic cementation. Using metallographic and X-ray analysis, mechano-tribological tests, it was found that 0.3C-1Cr-1Mn-1Si-Fe steel in the initial state belongs to the ferritic-pearlitic class, which contains ~ 65% of pearlite grain and 35% of ferrite grain. When samples of 30HGSA steel are saturated with carbon, a modified surface layer with a thickness of 25μm is formed on the surface of the studied samples, including α-Fe ferrite, cementite Fe3C, iron Fe3C2 carbide and an alloying element. It was established that the intensity of wear of the samples after modifying decreased by 2 times, and the surface microhardness after cementation increased 3 times, depending on the original sample.
Conditions for Quality Dimensions in Direct Laser Melting of Copper
Authors: Saprykina Natalya , Saprykin Alexandr , Ibragimov Egor , Saprykin Alexey
Published: April 2020

This paper analyzes the effect of SLM parameters on mechanical characteristics and surface roughness of a single-component copper powder. The study reports on appropriate SLM conditions for a single-component copper powder; to form a layer a technique within layer-by-layer selective laser melting is suggested and comprises roughing, semi-finishing and finishing modes. The work establishes a range to vary surface roughness, porosity and ultimate compressive strength of a single-component copper powder by means of laser processing conditions. Rz is variable 332 to 689 μm, porosity ranges approximately 13-39%, and ultimate compressive strength is 8 to 104 МPа.
The ASHA Way: Growth through Standards
Authors: Seymour Charlena M.
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
Effective difference elimination and Nullstellensatz
Authors: Ovchinnikov Alexey , Pogudin Gleb , Scanlon Thomas
Published: April 2020

We prove effective Nullstellensatz and elimination theorems for difference equations in sequence rings. More precisely, we compute an explicit function of geometric quantities associated to a system of difference equations (and these geometric quantities may themselves be bounded by a function of the number of variables, the order of the equations, and the degrees of the equations) so that for any system of difference equations in variables

\mathbf x = (x_1, \dots, x_m)

and

\mathbf u = u_1, \dots, u_r)

, if these equations have any nontrivial consequences in the

\mathbf x

variables, then such a consequence may be seen algebraically considering transforms up to the order of our bound. Specializing to the case of

m = 0

, we obtain an effective method to test whether a given system of difference equations is consistent.
Use of Electrical Stimulation for People With Spinal Cord Injury: A Survey of Occupational Therapy Practitioners
Authors: Dionne Timothy P. , Lenker James A. , Hennessy Patrick , Sullivan Jane E.
Published: April 2020

Importance: When working with clients who have experienced spinal cord injury (SCI), occupational therapy practitioners can face challenges in achieving desired results during functional activity when using electrical stimulation (ES) interventions. In an effort to understand current practice, a survey study was conducted.

Objective: For people with SCI, ES elicits positive physiological effects; however, no implementation guidelines exist for upper extremity application of ES for this population. Therefore, we surveyed occupational therapy practitioners about their use of ES with clients who have cervical-level SCI.

Design: A 33-item, 20-min online survey was used.

Participants and Setting: We queried 57 occupational therapy practitioners with active caseloads in regional rehabilitation centers specializing in SCI, both outpatient and inpatient.

Results: For clients with SCI, occupational therapy practitioners used ES most often for grasp-and-release, reaching, and grip or pinch activities using a broad range of parameter settings. Among respondents, 43% did not use a specific treatment protocol; 27% used research evidence to guide selection of parameters.

Conclusions and Relevance: Findings suggest that ES treatment parameters are not uniformly applied, introducing potential unknown effects on client outcomes and undermining treatment fidelity.

What This Article Adds: Our survey of occupational therapy practitioners regarding their practice and use of ES interventions with this population revealed variation in application of ES treatment parameters. Understanding different treatment approaches and justification used when applying ES to clients with SCI is an important first step in unifying and promoting best practice and maximizing patient outcomes.
Adapting Strategy Training for Adults With Acquired Brain Injury: A Feasibility Study in a Chinese Population
Authors: Lin Yen-Nung , Wu Chao-Yi , Yeh Pei-Chun , Wu Yi-Hsuan , Lin Wan-Chi , Skidmore Elizabeth R. , Chang Feng-Hang
Published: April 2020

Importance: Before introducing strategy training into a cross-cultural (Chinese) context, it is necessary to evaluate its feasibility.

Objective: To examine the feasibility of applying strategy training to improve participation outcomes of rehabilitation patients in Taiwan and evaluate the potential intervention effects.

Design: A single-group, repeated-measures study.

Setting: Rehabilitation outpatient settings.

Participants: A convenience sample of adults (N = 20) with a primary diagnosis of acquired brain injury (ABI) and with cognitive impairment received the intervention and were assessed before and after it.

Intervention: The participation-focused strategy training intervention, a modified version of the strategy training intervention, was provided to participants in 1–2 sessions weekly for a total of 10–20 intervention sessions.

Outcomes and Measures: Feasibility indicators, Participation Measure–3 Domains, 4 Dimensions (PM–3D4D), and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM).

Results: Eighteen participants completed 100% of the scheduled intervention sessions. Participants had very good engagement in the intervention sessions with sufficient comprehension. Participants reported moderate to high satisfaction. Positive score changes were observed for the PM–3D4D (d = 0.46–1.25) and COPM scales (d = 1.82 and 2.12).

Conclusions and Relevance: This study demonstrated the feasibility of delivering participation-focused strategy training in Taiwan to people with cognitive impairment after ABI. The preliminary evidence also showed that participants who received the strategy training intervention had positive changes in participation outcomes and in performance of their self-identified goals. On the basis of this study’s findings, a larger clinical trial is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of the strategy training intervention.

What This Article Adds: Participation-focused strategy training is feasible and acceptable for Taiwanese community-dwelling adults with cognitive impairment after ABI. However, because strategy training is quite different from traditional rehabilitation delivered in Taiwan, additional instructions and discussion among the therapist, client, and caregiver may be needed before the intervention is provided.
Does a promise script work to reduce the hypothetical bias? Evidence from an induced value experiment
Authors: Qin Botao
Published: April 2020

This paper explores whether a truth-telling promise can work to reduce the hypothetical bias in preference elicitation. Using an induced value experiment in China with a random nth-price auction, the author finds: 1) Hypothetical bias exists in a random nth-price auction with induced values and making a truth-telling promise can reduce the hypothetical bias. 2) All treatments are demand-revealing except for the hypothetical baseline.
HESS Opinions: Beyond the long-term water balance: evolving Budyko's supply–demand framework for the Anthropocene towards a global synthesis of land-surface fluxes under natural and human-altered watersheds
Authors:   A. Sankarasubramanian, Wang Dingbao , Archfield Stacey , Reitz Meredith , Vogel Richard M. , Mazrooei Amirhossein , Mukhopadhyay Sudarshana
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Global hydroclimatic conditions have been substantially altered over the
past century by anthropogenic influences that arise from the warming global
climate and from local/regional anthropogenic disturbances. Traditionally,
studies have used coupling of multiple models to understand how land-surface water fluxes vary due to changes in global climatic patterns and local land-use changes. We argue that because the basis of the Budyko framework relies on the supply and demand concept, the framework could be effectively adapted and extended to quantify the role of drivers – both changing climate and local human disturbances – in altering the land-surface response across the globe. We review the Budyko framework, along with these potential extensions, with the intent of furthering the applicability of the framework to emerging hydrologic questions. Challenges in extending the Budyko framework over various spatio-temporal scales and the use of global datasets to evaluate the water balance at these various scales are also discussed.
Preface: Advances in flood risk assessment and management
Authors: Prieto Cristina , Patel Dhruvesh , Han Dawei
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Floods are among Earth's most common and most destructive natural hazards,
affecting human lives and properties directly and indirectly around the
world. The frequency and magnitude of extreme flooding have been increasing
in many parts of the world in recent decades (see, e.g. Berghuijs et al.,
2017; Blöschl et al., 2019a; Marijnissen et al., 2019), hampering human
well-being and economic growth in both developed and developing countries.
Flood risk management carries out the flood risk assessment and uses
appropriate resources (human, finance, science and technology, and nature)
to control the flood risk (Han, 2011), which is an urgent challenge for the
scientific and engineering communities to address. In a similar way to “Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology” (Blöschl et al., 2019b), despite decades of
research in this field, there are still many unsolved problems in floods as
well. This special issue “Flood Risk Assessment and Management” is an outcome of the session “Flood Risk
Assessment and Management” in the Naturals Hazards Division at the European
Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly held in Vienna, Austria. The
session series has been organized annually at EGU since 2018. This special
issue presents a wide range of in-depth research studies based on flood
modelling (including hydrological modelling and hydrodynamic modelling),
hazard mapping, flood damage and risk assessment as well as studies that
focus on flood relief prioritization, mitigation strategies and flood
policies. Extraordinary floods and debris flows are also included due to dam
and dike breaks and extreme storms over gullies in mountain areas. The nine
articles in this special issue are broadly introduced in the following three
categories.
Multi-temporal landslide activity investigation by spaceborne SAR interferometry: Polish Carpathians case study
Authors: Pawluszek-Filipiak Kamila , Motagh Mahdi , Borkowski Andrzej
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The main goal of this research is the activity state verification of existing landslide inventory maps using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI). The study was conducted in Małopolskie municipality, a rural setting with a sparse urbanization in Polish Flysch Carpathians. PSI have been applied using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from ALOS PALSAR, and Sentinel 1A/B from different acquisition geometry (ascending and descending orbit) to increase PS coverage and overcome geometric effects due to layover and shadowing. The Line-Of-Sight PSI measurements were projected to the steepest slope, which allows to homogenize the results from diverse acquisition modes and to compare displacement velocities with different slope orientations. Additionally, landslide intensity (motion rate) and expected damages maps were generated and verified during filed investigations. High correlation between PSI results and in-situ damage observations has been confirmed. Activity state and landslide-related expected damage map have been confirmed for 43 out of a total of 50 landslides investigated in the field. The short temporal baseline provided by Sentinel satellite 1A/B data allows increasing of the PS density significantly. The study substantiates usefulness of SAR based landslide activity monitoring for land use and land development, even in rural areas.
Endoscopic molecular imaging in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Ham Nam Seok , Myung Seung-Jae
Published: April 2020

Molecular imaging is a technique for imaging the processes occurring in a living body at a molecular level in real-time, combining molecular cell biology with advanced imaging technologies using molecular probes and fluorescence. Gastrointestinal endoscopic molecular imaging shows great promise for improving the identification of neoplasms, providing characterization for patient stratification and assessing the response to molecular targeted therapy. In inflammatory bowel disease, endoscopic molecular imaging can be used to assess disease severity and predict therapeutic response and prognosis. Endoscopic molecular imaging is also able to visualize dysplasia in the presence of background inflammation. Several preclinical and clinical trials have evaluated endoscopic molecular imaging; however, this area is just beginning to evolve, and many issues have not been solved yet. In the future, it is expected that endoscopic molecular imaging will be of increasing interest among clinicians as a new technology for the identification and evaluation of colorectal neoplasm and colitis-associated cancer.
Bell Pepper Development and Water Potential as Affected by Soil Water Tensions and Nitrogen Doses
Authors: Santos Helane Cristina Aguiar , De Lima Junior Joaquim Alves , De Aviz William Lee Carrera , Barral Deiviane De Souza , De Souza Renan , Carvalho Lívia Tálita da Silva , Fernandes Thiago Feliph Silva , Saldanha Eduardo Cezar Medeiros , Da Silva Junior Mário Lopes , Souza Paulo Jorge De Oliveira Ponte de
Published: April 2020

Considering the lack of technical information on the water depth and nitrogen fertilization via fertigation in bell pepper cultivation, this work aimed to provide management data for its production in the northern region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at FEIGA / UFRA, with a 1.0 x 0.50 m spacing, in a randomized block design, with a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replications. The treatments consisted of five water tensions in the soil (15, 25, 35, 45 and 65 kPa) and four nitrogen doses (0, 135, 265 and 395 kg.ha-1). There was no interaction between the factors of water tension in the soil and nitrogen doses for any of the variables analyzed. Height of plants, fresh shoot mass and dry shoot mass showed significant differences only for nitrogen doses. Predawn potential, showed significant difference for soil water tensions and nitrogen doses. Ahead of the conditions under which this work was carried out and the results obtained for the variables analyzed for the bell pepper cultivation in a protected environment, we found that the soil water tension of 15 kPa and the nitrogen dose of 265 kg.ha-1 were ideal for the crop.
Saving the World through Ethnography
Authors: Boopalan Sunder John
Published: April 2020

Taking cue from Ruth Benedict’s dictum, “the purpose of anthropology is to make the world safe for human differences,” the article will highlight how ethnographic accounts of Christian practices allow for the recognition and appreciation of difference within sameness. Ethnographic studies of community and ritual demonstrate that difference is internal to religious faiths as they migrate from community to community both within the same geographical region and also across the globe. By employing ethnographic studies (focusing on Anderson Jeremiah’s work, “Community and Worldview among Paraiyars of South India” in particular) of Dalit Christians in South India, the article argues that ethnography offers itself as a soteriological category that could save not only Christian theology but also that which—by enabling theologies to self-critically reflect on their proclivity to hegemonic imaginations—saves the world.
Theological Ethnography and World Christianity: A Response
Authors: Scharen Christian
Published: April 2020

Over the past decade, the use of ethnography in theology has grown significantly, as this special issue of the Journal of World Christianity shows. Then, weaving these threads together, I comment on how theological ethnography’s disruptive potential for theology and church doctrine, for decentering authority structures, and for displaying the way theology and ethics are entailed as integral to fieldwork, and not as an appendage or mere entailment. Conceiving of “ethnography as theology and ethics” shifts the question from ethnography as method “borrowed” for use in theological work to ethnography as fully theological and even an enactment of the ethics of discipleship. This offers a possible path for rapprochement between social scientific and theological approaches to research in religion that, in their enactment, “chime in” with God’s work of loving the world.
The processing of subject pronouns in highly proficient L2 speakers of English
Authors: Contemori Carla , Dussias Paola E.
Published: April 2020

Studies on second language (L2) anaphora resolution have mainly focused on learners of null-subject languages, demonstrating that L2 speakers show residual indeterminacy in the L2 referential choice, even at the highest levels of proficiency. On the other hand, studies on anaphora resolution in L2 learners of non-null-subject languages have shown conflicting results, indicating that L2 speakers may process referential expressions in the L2 like native speakers.Using a visual word paradigm task, we test the online processing of pronouns in highly proficient L2 speakers of English whose L1 is Spanish, and compare their performance to a group of native English speakers. The native speakers’ data show rapid use of the first mention bias (i.e., interpreting a pronoun towards the first-mentioned referent) and gender information upon encountering a gender ambiguous or unambiguous pronoun. For the L2 participants, we find similar underlying processes of pronoun resolution in comparison to native speakers. The results do not reveal a processing cost for L2 speakers of a non-null-subject language during anaphora resolution. Overall, our study demonstrates that L2 speakers of a non-null-subject language (English) can achieve native-like processing of the default referential form signaling topic continuity (i.e., the overt pronoun; Sorace 2011).
Evaluation of Progress of an ACGME-International Accredited Residency Program in Qatar
Authors: Al-Mohammed Ahmed , Al Mohanadi Dabia , Rahil Ali , Elhiday Abdul Haleem , Al khal Abdulatif , Suliman Shireen
Published: April 2020

Background: The American College of Physicians’ (ACP) Internal Medicine In-Training Examination (IM-ITE) is designed to evaluate the cognitive knowledge of residents to aid them and program directors in evaluating the training experience. Objective: To determine the impact of the curriculum reform accompanied by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-I alignment and accreditation on the internal medicine residency program (IMRP) using residents’ performance in the ACP's ITE from 2008 to 2016, and where the IMRP stands in comparison to all ACGME and ACGME-I accredited programs. Methods: This is a descriptive study conducted at a hospital-based IMRP in Doha, Qatar from 2008 to 2016. The study population is 1052 residents at all levels of training in IMRP. The ACP-generated ITE results of all the United States and ACGME-I accredited programs were compared with IM-ITE results in Qatar. These results were expressed in the total program average and the ranking percentile. Results: There is a progressive improvement in resident performance in Qatar as shown by the rise in total average program score from 52% in 2008 to 72% in 2016 and the sharp rise in percentile rank from 3rd percentile in 2008 to 93rd percentile in 2016 with a dramatic increase during the period 2013 to 2014 (from 32nd percentile to 73rd percentile), which represents the period of ACGME-I accreditation. None of the factors (ethnicity, USMLE or year of residency) were statistically significant with a p value >0.05 and standard coefficient ( − 0.017–0.495). There was negligible correlation between the USMLE test scores with the residents’ ITE scores with a p value = 0.023 and a Pearson correlation r = 0.097. Conclusion: The initial ACGME-I alignment followed by the accreditation, together with whole curriculum redesign to a structured, competency-based program starting from 2008, has led to an improvement in the ITE scores in the IMRP. This was further evidenced by the lack of change in the residency entry selection criteria.
Rasgos reinventivos en la novela histórica “El Burdel de las Pedrarias” de Ricardo Pasos Marciacq
Authors: Pacheco Eduardo
Published: April 2020

La narrativa nicaragüense en su traslación finisecular del XX al XXI experimentó cambios que generó un sinnúmero de nuevas expectativas en el ámbito creacional literario. Aquel estigma abarcador que inscribía al país como tierra de poetas ha sido vetado, producto de las fuertes crisis sociales traumatizantes que sumieron, no solo al país sino a Centroamérica en el profundo noctambulismo del desencanto. Una fuerte dictadura de cuatro décadas, la conformación de guerrilleros para abolirla, los grupos militares dispersos en el país por casi diez años, el bloqueo económico, el servicio militar obligatorio y un centenar de familias desintegradas son muestra de los acontecimientos protagónicos vividos por los congéneres nacionales.
PROTOCOLO PARA USO SEGURO DE MEDICAMENTOS EM SERVIÇO DE TRANSPLANTE DE MEDULA ÓSSEA
Authors: Santos Tatiane dos , Cruz Elaine Drehmer de Almeida , Pontes Letícia , Abi Alissa Xavier da Costa Furtado
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: elaborar e validar o conteúdo de protocolo para uso seguro de medicamentos.Método: pesquisa-ação realizada entre 2016 e 2017 em serviço de referência para transplantede células tronco-hematopoiéticas do Brasil. Estudo documental de eventos adversos e doperfil farmacológico subsidiou a elaboração o conteúdo amparado na literatura. Participaram31 profissionais de enfermagem do campo desta pesquisa em quatro encontros dos gruposde discussão, para aprimoramento do texto; a validação de conteúdo foi realizada por cincoespecialistas, com aplicação da Técnica Delphi.Resultados: dados relativos aos eventos adversos e perfil farmacológico subsidiaram a inclusão de139 medicamentos no protocolo. Este, composto por 18 capítulos, teve o conteúdo validado comÍndice de Validação de Conteúdo geral de 89% obtido em única rodada de avaliação.Conclusão: a construção participativa contribuiu para a elaboração de protocolo com conteúdoválido, compatível e aplicável na prática profissional de enfermagem com vistas ao uso seguro demedicamentos.
CENTRAL DE TELECUIDADO: PERSPECTIVA DE INTERVENÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Machado Tallita Mello Delphino , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Hercules Ana Beatriz Serra
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: relatar o desenvolvimento e aplicabilidade de uma Central de Telecuidado comointervenção de enfermagem.Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, de um projeto tecnológico financiadopara criação de uma rede de tecnologia da informação e comunicação para acompanhamento portelefone de adultos e idosos, utilizando um software on-line para realização das intervenções.Resultados: o sistema de informação possibilitou a intervenção por telefone de forma sistematizada,bem como o armazenamento dos dados coletados. No exemplo adotado, de seguimento defacectomia, demonstrou-se a demanda aumentada de orientações no 1º e 4º dia de pós-operatório,referente ao controle do desconforto, uso do tampão ocular, limpeza do olho operado, utilizaçãodo colírio, uso dos óculos escuros e orientações quanto ao autocuidado.Conclusão: o acompanhamento por telefone realizado pela enfermeira favorece a continuidadedos cuidados em domicílio.
PERFIL E NÍVEL DE ESPERANÇA ENTRE PACIENTES QUE REALIZAM HEMODIÁLISE E DIÁLISE PERITONEAL
Authors: Moreira Rayane Alves , Borges Moema Da Silva
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: identificar o perfil clínico, psicossocial e mensurar o nível de esperança entre pacientesque realizam hemodiálise e diálise peritoneal.Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado numa unidade de nefrologiado Distrito Federal com pacientes em tratamento dialítico. A coleta aconteceu entre setembro eoutubro de 2018, com questionário de caracterização e aplicação da escala de esperança de Herth.Para comparar o nível de esperança, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney.Resultados: participaram 122 pacientes. O escore médio de esperança obtido foi de 39,79 (±5,3)com maior nível em 48 e, no teste comparativo, não houve diferença significativa entre os níveis deesperança.Conclusão: apesar de todas as limitações impostas pelo tratamento e doença, essa populaçãopossui bom nível de esperança. Este estudo contribuiu para a ampliação do debate acadêmicoque permitiu identificar e construir pontos essenciais para um bom planejamento dos cuidados deenfermagem, em especial no âmbito do tratamento da doença renal crônica.