bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development trends of machine-building enterprises in Kazakhstan as a participant of the EAEU
Authors: Ospanov M. M.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the development of mechanical engineering, which were formed in a short historical period. Mechanical engineering is a key industry sector that is able to ensure stable and constant innovative development of enterprises. According to experts of the Union of Machine Builders of Kazakhstan, the share of mechanical engineering in the structure of the country's manufacturing industry is 14%, in the share of the entire industry – 7%. The current stage of development of the engineering industry requires renewal and innovation. The article deals with the issues of production, sales and after-sales service of equipment during the implementation of the industrialization program in the engineering industry. The decrease in the prospects for the development of engineering enterprises is interconnected with a lack of investment, depreciation of funds, the level of competition in domestic and world markets, and a shortage of qualified personnel. The main attention is paid to identifying the features of the development of the machine-building complex and pursuing a balanced policy both on the territory of the country and on the territory of the EAEU member countries. The author focuses on the fact that the economic growth of Kazakhstan is accompanied by structural changes that reproduce the level of industrial and scientific and technological development of the country. The novelty of the study lies in the review of the activities of enterprises, identifying the features and causes hindering the development of mechanical engineering. The result of the study was the substantiation of the logic of strengthening key industries and facilitating the launch of basic courses for the development of the indus.
Analysis of the state of the labor market in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Izguttiyeva K. Y. , Mukhamejanova A. A. , Mukanova M. A.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the dynamics of the state of employment of the population and an overview of key indicators of employment and unemployment, the growing level of mismatch between supply and demand in the labor market over the past few years. In the process of considering the features of the labor market, the specifics, trends and patterns inherent in the labor market are indicated. Assessing the state of the labor market in modern conditions, it can be noted that the carrier of labor relations in society is the active part of the population, and therefore, the real value is the state and availability of resources for labor activity as a factor shaping the labor market. The main difference of the labor market in Kazakhstan is the high level of hidden unemployment, which, on the one hand, is a reserve for the expansion of production, and on the other hand, can become an important factor in the destabilization of social relations with the deterioration of the economic situation. The modern labor market is characterized by the presence of certain problems, among which it is necessary to note the discrepancy between the personnel needs of employers and the professional competencies of people who submit their candidacy for consideration. Employment and unemployment indicators in terms of gender are also characterized by features that arise from various factors. In this regard, the urgency of finding ways to smooth out inconsistencies and contradictions between the supply of labor and the demand for it is growing.
Innovative management of secondary educational institutions
Authors: Omarov B. Sh. , Tursunalieva D. M. , Ukubasova G. S. , Yeralina E. M.
Published: June 2022

Modern education is in the process of dynamic changes. The system of interaction of all participants in the educational process is changing, and this requires teachers, and first of all, leaders, to comprehend all innovations and transformations. As a result, a new vision of the management system of an educational institution is being formed in terms of its effectiveness, innovation and competitiveness. This article explores an innovative approach to the management of secondary educational institutions. The studies of domestic and foreign scientists on this issue have been researched, studies have been carried out in educational institutions, and the practical experience of the authors of the article has been used. Innovative pedagogical management is characterized as a set of principles, methods, organizational forms and technological methods for managing pedagogical systems, aimed at improving the efficiency of their functioning and development, and allows you to move from a vertical management system (subject-object) to a horizontal system of organizational and managerial cooperation (subject-subject ), providing creative development, both the personality of the pupil and the personality of the teacher. Management of innovative processes is multivariate; it involves a combination of standards and originality of combinations, flexibility and originality of methods of action, based on a specific situation. There are no ready-made recipes in innovation management and there cannot be. But he teaches how, knowing the techniques, methods, ways of solving certain problems, to achieve tangible success in the development of the organization.
Investments in renewable energy as a lever in achieving sustainable development goals of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Suiyeubaeva S. N. , Varavin Е. V. , Кozlova М. V. , Betimbaeva I. B.
Published: June 2022

The problems of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are relevant both for foreign countries and for the Republic of Kazakhstan. The special importance is given to determination of priority directions of sustainable development for our country, in which it is necessary to direct investment means. The article analyzes the dynamics of investments in environmental protection by types of environmental protection activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan and investments related to the «green» economy for 2015–2020. Special attention is paid to the assessment of changes in the volume of investments in the development of renewable energy sources (RES). The article describes the existing measures of state support for the development of renewable energy sources, as well as highlights the problems hindering their more active implementation into the country's energy balance.The authors used general scientific methods, as well as quantitative methods of statistical, causal and comparative data analysis. The results of the study have led to the conclusion that the greatest growth accounts for the share of investment in the development of a “green” economy through increased investment in energy-saving technologies, increasing energy intensity, the development of renewable energy sources, as well as in the protection of atmospheric air. It is noted that during the study period, the volume of electricity from wind power plants increased by 6 times, and from solar power plants – 22 times. In general, the work conducted by the authors shows that there is a significant resource for increasing the effectiveness of achieving the SDGs through a systematic and comprehensive approach within the framework of national policy. It is concluded that a comprehensive roadmap should be developed and adopted at the national level to attract investment in the SDG sectors and ensure that they contribute to the country's sustainable development.
Language Variations on TikTok Social Media
Authors: Setya Shofiyatul Indah , Solihah Siti Tuhfatus , Suryani Yunita
Published: June 2022

Language variation is the non-uniformity in one language. This study discusses variations in Indonesian on TikTok social media.Â TikTok is now a popular social media for allÂ ages, especiallyÂ youth. The purpose of this study is to describe language variations onÂ TikTok social media. This study was studied using a sociolinguistic approach, the theory of linguistic variation. This research is descriptive qualitative, the data analyzed is in the form of speech in which there are variations in Indonesian regional dialects. The data source in this study was obtained from the social mediaÂ TikTok. The results of this study indicate that there are language variations in terms of speakers in the form of Jakarta dialect, Betawi dialect, and Surabaya dialect; while the language variation in terms of formality uses a casual variety.Â
Relation Helicobacter pylori with Pathogenesis of Stomach and Immune Responses
Authors: Hussein Al–Mousawi Alia , Hussein Neamah Bent alhuda , Mohammed Chessab Roaa , Haider Aldujaili Hadeel , Mohammed Chessab Jannat
Published: June 2022

Background: Helicobacter pylori, a member of Epsilonproteobacteria, is a Gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium that colonizes gastric mucosa of about 50% of the human population. Although most infections caused by H. pylori are asymptomatic, the microorganism is strongly associated with serious diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer, and it is classified as a group I carcinogen. The prevalence of H. pylori infections varies worldwide. prevalence among middle-aged adults is over 80 percent in many developing countries, as compared with 20 to 50 percent in industrialized countries. The infection is acquired by oral ingestion of the bacterium and is mainly transmitted within families in early childhood, Humans can also become infected with Helicobacter heilmannii, a spiral bacterium found in dogs, cats, pigs, and nonhuman primates.

Conclusion: H. pylori infection stimulates the reaction of autoantibodies with gastric epithelial cells, and this leads to gastritis. These autoantibodies can be directly induced to epithelial cells by activating complement, inducing apoptosis or provoking an antibody-dependent cytotoxic reaction resulting in subsequent tissue destruction.
A Review Of Midkine As Biomarker Protein For Diagnostic Several Dieases
Authors: M. Jawad Murtadha , H. Hussein Asmaa
Published: June 2022

Background: This review deals with a collection of information about a protein marker that is very important and alternates presence in many cases of normal and pathological growth, as it can be observed in high concentrations in the stages of fetal development and can be expressed significantly in many cases and disorders and midkine is considered a diagnostic marker for them as in types of cancers. It has a protein structure of 121 amino acids and its expression is located on the eleventh chromosome and has several functions, especially its expression in nervous tissues during the mid-gestation.

Conclusion: Midkine plays an important role in the inflammatory process in terms of its importance in the infiltration of immune cells into the peripheral organs and targeting midkine may be a viable new therapeutic option for chronic infections, especially infections of the kidneys, joints, nervous system and colon.
ԱՐԺԱՆԱՊԱՏՎՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԵՎ ՀԱՄԱՉԱՓՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔԻ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐԱԿՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ
Authors: Ալեքսանյան Քրիստինե
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածը նվիրված է արժանապատվության և համաչափության սկզբունքի հարաբերակցության ուսումնասիրությանը։ Հոդվածում Սահմանադրության, Սահմանադրական դատարանի, ինչպես նաև արտասահմանյան երկրների և միջազգային դատական ատյանների դատական պրակտիկայի ուսումնասիրության հիման վրա հեղինակը եզրահանգել է, որ համաչափության սկզբունքը հանդես է գալիս որպես արժանապատվության իրավունքի ծավալը որոշելու համար նշանակություն ունեցող հասկացությունների մեկնաբանության միջոց։ Արժանապատվությունն իր հերթին համաժեքության գնահատման փուլում բացառում է մարդու հիմնական իրավունքների և ազատությունների էության այնպիսի սահմանափակումները, որոնց դեպքում մարդը պետության կողմից օգտագործվում է որպես միջոց, գործիք։
ՔՆՆԻՉԻՆ ՎԱՐՈՒՅԹԻՑ ՀԵՌԱՑՆԵԼՈՒ` ՔՐԵԱԴԱՏԱՎԱՐԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՈՒՄՆԵՐԸ՝ ԸՍՏ ՀՀ ՔՐԵԱԿԱՆ ԴԱՏԱՎԱՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԳՈՐԾՈՂ ԵՎ ՆՈՐ ՕՐԵՆՍԳՐՔԵՐԻ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ
Authors: Մարտիրոսյան Արսեն
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում քննարկման առարկա են դարձել օրենսդրական այն նորմերը, որոնք հնարավորություն են տալիս հսկող դատախազին՝ քննիչին հեռացնելու տվյալ գործով քրեական վարույթին մասնակցելուց:
Ուսումնասիրության շրջանակներում վերլուծվել են ինչպես գործող, այնպես էլ նոր քրեադատավարական օրենսգրքերում ամրագրում ստացած` քննիչին վարույթից հեռացնելու հիմքերը:  Հեղինակի կողմից ընդունելի է համարվել այն մոտեցումը, որ օրենքի ցանկացած խախտում քննիչին վարույթից հեռացնելու հիմք չի կարող լինել, որպիսի մոտեցումն էլ, ըստ էության, իր ամրագրումն է ստացել ՀՀ քրեական դատավարության նոր օրենսգրքում:
Կատարված հետազոտության շրջանակներում բացահայտվել են նաև ՀՀ քրեական դատավարության նոր օրենսգրքում ամրագրված քննիչին վարույթից հեռացնելու` օրենքի կոպիտ խախտման հանգեցնող հիմքերը:
Կատարված ուսումնասիրության արդյունքում հեղինակը եզրահանգել է, որ նոր քրեադատավարական օրենսգրքում քննիչին վարույթից հեռացնելու հիմքերը առավել որոշակի են ամրագրվել, ինչն անկասկած կբացառի ցանկացած խախտման դեպքում դատախազական նման ակտի կիրառման հնարավորությունը:
ԱՊՕՐԻՆԻ ԾԱԳՈՒՄ ՈՒՆԵՑՈՂ ԳՈՒՅՔԻ ԲՌՆԱԳԱՆՁՄԱՆ ՎԱՐՈՒՅԹՈՒՄ ՀԱՅՑԻ ՆԱԽՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՊԱՀՈՎՄԱՆ ՄԻՋՈՑՆԵՐԻ ԿԻՐԱՌՄԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ
Authors: Խաչատրյան Մերի
Published: June 2022

Ապօրինի ծագում ունեցող ակտիվների բռնագանձման երաշխիքներից է նման ակտիվների հայտնաբերման և սառեցման գործուն կառուցակարգերի ներդրումը: Ի տարբերություն քաղաքացիաիրավական հարաբերություններից բխող վեճերի դատական կարգով քննությանը, ապօրինի ծագում ունեցող գույքի բռնագանձման վարույթը բաղկացած է իրար հաջորդող փուլերից, որոնք ընդգրկում են ապօրինի ծագում ունեցող գույքի բռնագանձման հայց հարուցելու հիմքերի ուսումնասիրության և բռնագանձման գործընթացները: Հոդվածում քննարկվել են ապօրինի ծագում ունեցող գույքի բռնագանձման վարույթում հայցի նախնական ապահովման միջոցների կիրառման առանձնահատկությունները։ Վերլուծվել է հայցի նախնական ապահովման միջոցների և հայցի ապահովման միջոցների կիրառման հարաբերակցությունը։ Ներկայացվել են այն նախապայմանները, որոնց առկայության դեպքում իրավասու մարմինը կարող է դիմել նախնական ապահովման միջոցների կիրառման համար և այն հարցերի շրջանակը, որոնք դատարանը պետք է պարզաբանի դիմումի քննության շրջանակներում։ Հաշվի առնելով նախնական ապահովման կիրառման երկար ժամկետը՝ առաջարկվել է նախնական ապահովման միջոցների կիրառման փուլում ներդնել ենթադրյալ ապօրինի ծագում ունեցող գույքի կառավարման և պահպանման կառուցակարգեր։
ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՄԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏԸ ՈՐՊԵՍ ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ՆՈՐՄԻ ՄԵԿՆԱԲԱՆՄԱՆ ԵԼԱԿԵՏ (ՔՐԵԱԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ ՆՈՐՄԵՐԻ ՄԵԿՆԱԲԱՆՄԱՆ ՕՐԻՆԱԿՈՎ)
Authors: Մարկոսյան Միսակ
Published: June 2022

Նորմատիվ իրավական ակտերը պարունակում են հատուկ տերմինաբանություն, որը հաճախ միանշանակ չի ընկալվում, գնահատողական հասկացություններ, որոնք պահանջում են հստակեցում կոնկրետ դեպքի առնչությամբ, երկիմաստ բառեր և արտահայտություններ, որոնք օրենսդրական տեխնիկայի կանոնների ոչ ճիշտ կիրառման արդյունք են: Բացի այդ, իրավական նորմերը փոխկապակցված են, դրանք կիրառվում են համակարգված ձևով, ինչը պահանջում է կիրառվող նորմերի միջև բովանդակային և տրամաբանական կապերն ի հայտ բերելու  անհրաժեշտություն: Այս ամենը պայմանավորում է իրավունքի մեկնաբանման անհրաժեշտությունը:

Հոդվածը նվիրված է իրավական նորմի մեկնաբանման հիմքերից մեկի՝ իրավական կարգավորման համատեքստի ուսումնասիրությանը։ Հեղինակը բացահայտում է հերմենևտիկայի այնպիսի ընդհանուր հասկացությունների բովանդակությունը, ինչպիսիք են տեքստը, համատեքստը, հերմենևտիկ շրջանը։ Հոդվածում բացահայտվում են իրավական տեքստերի մեկնաբանման առանձնահատկությունները, ուսումնասիրվում են համատեքստի  ազդեցությունը իրավական նորմի տեքստի ընկալման վրա: Տեսական դատողությունները զուգակցվում են քրեաիրավական նորմերի մեկնաբանման կոնկրետ օրինակներով։
THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Authors: Kupriyanov Sergey V. , Parfenova Yuliya V. , Semenova Liudmila M.
Published: June 2022

At the present stage, an ever-greater number of people with increased body weight up to obesity are registered annually in the world. The main reasons for such changes include irrational nutrition and decreased physical activity. Obesity is proved to be currently an undoubted factor for the development of various chronic diseases that are not associated with infections. The most common of them are diseases of the cardiovascular system, which are the cause of most deaths worldwide. In the student environment among junior students of the Medical Faculty in the course of educational activities, the authors carried out a study which focused on the state of the students' cardiovascular and respiratory systems along with determining height-weight ratios. Physicians widely use the Quetelet index to calculate body weight, it was as well used to assess the degree of obesity and its effect on the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system. The aim of the study was to study the effect of overweight and obesity on the state of the cardiorespiratory system. The study revealed a change in the cardiorespiratory interaction in medical students with a more impaired upward body mass index. Low reserve capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system have been established, which can be effectively adjusted by appropriate physical education and creation of a dominant motivation to observe a rational diet.
THE ROLE OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS IN TUMOR METASTATIC SPREADING (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Timofeeva Natalya Yu. , Bubnova Natalia V. , Merkulova Larisa M. , Struchko Gleb Yu. , Stomenskaya Irina S. , Kostrova Olga Yu. , Kotelkina Anastasiia A.
Published: June 2022

Oncopathology is one of the main mortality causes in the population. The immediate cause of death in a patient with cancer is metastatic spreading. The study of this pathological process is difficult due to asymptomatic course of the metastatic process, non-specificity of the main clinical analyses, impossibility of in-life studying the process of metastatic spreading. For this reason, laboratory models of metastatic spreading are being investigated, which can be connected both with direct introduction of tumor strains into the organ and with the development of metastases during experimental carcinogenesis. The issue of studying the endocrine system and its influence on the processes of metastatic spreading remains relevant. One of the organs that react to changes in the internal environment is the adrenal glands. The adrenal cortex plays an important role in the body's homeostasis, controlling the amount of cortisol, aldosterone and sex hormones (androgens and a small amount of estrogens), while the adrenal medulla controls stress reactions by discharging adrenaline and norepinephrine. Each of the hormones synthesized by the adrenal glands is somehow involved in the processes of carcinogenesis and metastatic spreading. Thus, cortisol, one of the hormones formed in the adrenal cortex, has a pronounced immunosuppressive effect, it affects the rate of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, differentiation and apoptosis, has a destructive effect on connective tissue. An increase in catecholamines in the blood leads to the damage to biological membranes, which stimulates adhesion and extravasation of tumor cells. In addition, catecholamines stimulate lymphoproliferation. Sex hormones affect not only hormone-dependent tumors of the reproductive system by stimulating cell growth, enhancing uncontrolled cell proliferation and angiogenesis, but tumors of other organs as well. Aldosterone, acting on the vascular wall, promotes the penetration of tumor cells into the vascular bed and their spread throughout the body.
Inter-hospital trends of post-resuscitation interventions and outcomes of
out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Singapore
Authors: Jaffar Julia Li Yan , Fook-Chong Stephanie , Shahidah Nur , Ho Andrew Fu Wah , Ng Yih Yng , Arulanandam Shalini , White Alexander , Liew Le Xuan , Asyikin Nurul , Leong Benjamin Sieu-Hon , Gan Han Nee , Mao Desmond , Chia Michael Yih Chong , Cheah Si Oon , Ong Marcus Eng Hock
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hospital-based resuscitation interventions, such as therapeutic temperature management
(TTM), emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
(ECMO) can improve outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We investigated postresuscitation
interventions and hospital characteristics on OHCA outcomes across public hospitals in
Singapore over a 9-year period.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of all OHCA cases that presented to 6 hospitals in
Singapore from 2010 to 2018. Data were extracted from the Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study
Clinical Research Network (PAROS CRN) registry. We excluded patients younger than 18 years or were
dead on arrival at the emergency department. The outcomes were 30-day survival post-arrest, survival to
admission, and neurological outcome.
Results: The study analysed 17,735 cases. There was an increasing rate of provision of TTM, emergency
PCI and ECMO (P<0.001) in hospitals, and a positive trend of survival outcomes (P<0.001). Relative to
hospital F, hospitals B and C had lower provision rates of TTM (≤5.2%). ECMO rate was consistently
<1% in all hospitals except hospital F. Hospitals A, B, C, E had <6.5% rates of provision of emergency
PCI. Relative to hospital F, OHCA cases from hospitals A, B and C had lower odds of 30-day survival
(adjusted odds ratio [aOR]<1; P<0.05 for hospitals A–C) and lower odds of good neurological outcomes
(aOR<1; P<0.05 for hospitals A–C). OHCA cases from academic hospitals had higher odds ratio (OR)
of 30-day survival (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.5) than cases from hospitals without an academic status.
Conclusion: Post-resuscitation interventions for OHCA increased across all hospitals in Singapore
from 2010 to 2018, correlating with survival rates. The academic status of hospitals was associated with
improved survival.

Keywords: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, percutaneous coronary intervention, post-resuscitation care,
resuscitation, targeted temperature management
Nutrition support practices for critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2: A multicentre observational study in Singapore
Authors: Lew Charles Chin Han , Ng Puay Shi , Wong Kok Wah , Puah Ser Hon , Lim Cassandra Duan Qi , Kayambu Geetha , Li Andrew Yunkai , Toh Chee Hong , Venkatachalam Jonathen , Mukhopadhyay Amartya
Published: June 2022

Introduction: To improve the nutritional care and resource allocation of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), we described their characteristics, treatment modalities and clinical outcomes, and compared their nutrition interventions against the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) recommendations. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in 5 tertiary hospitals in Singapore. Characteristics, treatment modalities, clinical outcomes and nutrition interventions of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 who received enteral and parenteral nutrition were collected between January and May 2020. Results: Among the 83 critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2, 22 (28%) were obese, 45 (54%) had hypertension, and 21 (25%) had diabetes. Neuromuscular blockade, prone therapy and dialysis were applied in 70% (58), 47% (39) and 35% (29) of the patients, respectively. Refeeding hypophosphataemia and hospital mortality occurred respectively in 6% (5) and 18% (15) of the critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2. Late enteral nutrition and cardiovascular comorbidities were associated with higher hospital mortality (adjusted relative risk 9.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–35.99; 6.30, 95% CI 1.15–34.40, respectively). Prone therapy was not associated with a higher incidence of high gastric residual volume (≥250mL). The minimum caloric (15kcal/kg) and protein (1.2g/kg) recommendations of ASPEN were achieved in 54% (39) and 0% of the patients, respectively. Conclusion: The high obesity prevalence and frequent usage of neuromuscular blockade, prone therapy, and dialysis had considerable implications for the nutritional care of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2. They also did not receive adequate calories and protein. More audits should be conducted to refine nutritional interventions and guidelines for this ever-evolving disease. Keywords: COVID-19, critical illness, energy intake, enteral nutrition, nutrition support, protein intake
Mindfulness: A New Paradigm of Psychosocial Care in the Palliative Care Setting in Southeast Asia
Authors: Tan Seng Beng , Capelle David Paul , Zainal Nor Zuraida , Lim Ee Jane , Loh Ee Chin , Lam Chee Loong
Published: June 2022

Alleviation of suffering in palliative care needs a combination of good symptom control and psychosocial care. The capacity of mindfulness to promote psychological flexibility opens up possibilities of creating a paradigm shift that can potentially change the landscape of psychosocial care. In this review, we attempt to introduce 4 methods to establish mindfulness based on ‘The Discourse on the Foundations of Mindfulness’, a core text of Theravada Buddhism, followed by a brief comparison of the concepts and practices of mindfulness in different cultures and religions in Southeast Asia. Next, 2 mindfulness-based interventions specifically designed for palliative psychosocial care – mindfulness-based supportive therapy (MBST) and mini-mindfulness meditation (MMM) are introduced. We hypothesise that mindful practices, tailored to the palliative setting, can promote positive psychosocial outcomes.

Key words: End-of-life care, Mindful, Satipatthana, Spiritual care, Spirituality
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODULAR BITTER LEAF WASHING AND JUICE EXTRACTION MACHINE
Authors: EBOMWONYİ Patrick , ORHORHORO Ejiroghene Kelly
Published: June 2022

Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) is one of the leafy vegetables that can be used to alleviate the problem of micronutrient malnutrition, prominent in tropical Africa. To ensure availability in non-growing areas, the vegetable needs to be preserved. Processing and preservation methods influence the nutrient content of the vegetables. This research work is therefore focused on the development of a modular bitter leaf washing and juice extraction machine. The machine is an electrically powered bitter leaf juice extractor that washes bitter leaf fed into it and at the same time squeezes out the juice. It uses stainless steel beaters inclined to angle of 0o to wash and squeeze the leaves against the cylindrical hopper incorporated with a perforated plate that drained juice while pulp is expelled. The beater is designed to work with the principle of oscillatory motion. The designed and fabricated bitter leaf juice washing and extraction machine was evaluated to determine the power, torque, force, etc., that are required to wash and extract the juice. The results obtained showed that the speed reduction, angular velocity, centrifugal force, torque, and power of 0.0127 m3, 480 rpm, 50.285 rad/sec, 303.430 N, 3.03 Nm, 0.75 hp are required. Also, a minimum bitter leaf extraction time of 398.28 seconds was required by the machine in comparison to manual extraction time of 724.13 seconds. Besides, the result of volume of bitter leaf juice extracted manually and mechanically from 407.54 g of bitter leaf were 3.60 litre and 3.63 litre respectively. The efficiency of the machine and the machine throughput capacity were obtained as 55.00 % and 1.032 g/sec respectively. This simply implies that the developed machine is 55.00 % efficient than manual method of washing bitter leaf.
INVESTIGATION OF YIELD, PHYSICAL QUALITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME TWO-LINE AND SIX-LINE BARLEY GENOTYPES IN ESKISEHIR CONDITIONS
Authors: AYTER ARPACIOĞLU Nazife Gözde , BAŞÇİFTÇİ Zekiye
Published: June 2022

In this study carried out in Eskişehir dry farming conditions, advanced two-row and six-row barley genotypes and their parents and physiological characteristics, physical quality elements, and yields of some varieties adapted to the region were investigated. The study was carried out in Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department, in the research and application field, for two years in 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 production seasons. In the study, heading time, flowering time, flag leaf area, SPAD value, canopy temperature, test weight, thousand-grain weight, grain largeness ratio, and yield parameters were investigated. According to the findings obtained; Significant differences were determined between cultivars, hybrids, and parents in terms of yield, quality, and physiological characteristics. While the CLR x PLS 6-row hybrid stands out in terms of quality and physiological characteristics, the 2-row cultivar candidate of the same hybrid stood out in terms of yield and it was predicted that these hybrids could be evaluated as cultivar candidates with desired characteristics.
The Power of the Phallus: Its Value in Greek Divination
Authors: COSTANZA Salvatore
Published: June 2022

Résumé

Cet article examine les pouvoirs attribués au phallus dans les traités divinatoires grecs, en particulier l’Oneirocritica d’Artémidore de Daldis, le papyrus hiéroscopique P.S.I. X 1178, ainsi que des textes de palmomancie (interprétation des mouvements instinctifs du corps) et d’éléomancie, l’étude des grains de beauté.

Abstract

Title: The Power of the Phallus: Its Value in Greek Divination

Besides the power commonly attributed to the phallus, Greek divination assigns to it much value in prognostic systems of divination. This article focuses on the role the phallus plays in the Oneirocritica of Artemidorus Daldianus, the hieroscopic papyrus P.S.I. X 1178, palmomancy (the interpretation of involuntary movements of bodily parts) as well as in elaeomancy, the study of bodily moles for divinatory purposes.
Phallus zoomorphes et animaux ithyphalliques : expression de la liminarité dans la symbolique funéraire étrusque aux Ve s.-IVe s. av. J.-C.
Authors: NAZARIAN TROCHET Marlène
Published: June 2022

Résumé

Les personnages ithyphalliques sont relativement courants dans le répertoire étrusque qui s’inspire notamment de l’imagerie attique pour concevoir son propre imaginaire lié à la fois au monde dionysiaque et à la définition du sauvage et de la liminarité. L’occurrence de plusieurs de ces représentations de phallus dans le corpus des tombes peintes n’est donc pas étonnante si l’on songe, non seulement à la réception particulière faite au culte dionysiaque en Étrurie qui rencontre une forme singulière en contexte funéraire, mais aussi à l’importance des thèmes liés à la subversion des codes civiques dans l’illustration du rituel funéraire. Il est intéressant de s’interroger sur les modalités de l’interprétation des images de phallus dans la peinture des tombes, en se focalisant notamment sur leur association visuelle et symboliques avec les animaux ou une forme d’animalité. La présence d’un phallus-oiseau dans une des tombes tarquiniennes du VIe s. av. J.-C. servira de fil rouge à cette enquête sur le rôle du phallus comme expression de l’animalité dans la peinture funéraire étrusque.

Abstract

Title: Zoomorphic phalluses and ithyphallic animals: the expression of liminality in 5th-4th c. BCE Etruscan tomb paintings

Ithyphallic characters are relatively common in the Etruscan repertoire, which draws particular inspiration from Attic imagery to elaborate its own imagines. They are both linked to the Dionysian world as well as to what is savage and what is liminal. The occurrence of several of these representations of phalluses in painted tombs is therefore not surprising if we consider not only the particular reception given to the Dionysian cult in Etruria but also the importance of themes linked to the subversion of civic codes in illustrations of the funeral ritual. It is interesting to speculate about the modalities of the interpretation of phallus images in the painting of tombs, focusing in particular on their visual and symbolic association with animals or a form of animality. The presence of a phallus-bird in one of the Tarquinian tombs of the 6th century BCE will serve as a common thread for this investigation into the role of the phallus as an expression of animal life in Etruscan tomb painting.
Development of Measures to Combat Unfair Competition in Russia
Authors: Kulapov M. N. , Kirillova O. Yu. , Vasin S. G. , Blinova T. A.
Published: June 2022

The activities of the Federal Antimonopoly Service to combat unfair competition are one of the important areas for ensuring the development of the country's economy. The emergence of new types of unfair competition requires updating and methods of combating it. The research methodology is based on the use of such theoretical models of state control as a punitive model, a model of cooperation, a model of procedural fairness and a risk-oriented model, as well as methods of strategic and project management, organizational and structural reform. The activities of the FAS Russia to suppress manifestations of unfair competition, cartels, anti-competitive agreements with the participation of authorities, including using digital technologies, were studied.

Proposed and justified measures aimed at simplifying the procedure for submitting applications of citizens to the FAS Russia; strengthening public control; protection consumer from manifestations of unfair competition.
Russian Science as an Object of Unfair Global Competition
Authors: Kleevа L. P. , Maksimov S. V.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the manifestations and consequences for Russian science of the phenomenon of monopolization by a narrow group of foreign economic entities (the collective dominant in the information technology sphere) of the global R&D markets, scientific publications and services that provide them, including services for access to aggregated scientific data and analytics, etc.).

It is concluded that the key tool for monopolizing the relevant markets is lobbying the interests of the collective dominant in international organizations and state authorities representing the interests of competitors, establishing direct and indirect control over market entry barriers for all other participants.

According to the authors, the bad faith of global competition on the part of foreign participants in collective dominance in relation to Russian scientific and educational organizations in the respective markets is manifested primarily in the absolute and relative «leakage» of the most qualified scientists and specialists from the country, as well as the results of scientific activity. This was facilitated by the introduction into the regulatory practice of the country of the so-called «international» standards of scientific publication activity, reporting, performance of scientific qualification works, global competition of economic entities in the scientific and educational sphere.

The authors propose and justify a number of measures aimed at overcoming the dependence of Russian science and higher education on the negative impact of global unfair competition in the relevant field. The basis of these measures should be the development of a new national (mainly expert) system for assessing the effectiveness of scientific activities, the effectiveness of scientific and educational organizations, which would be focused on ensuring sustainable development, security and sovereignty of the country, strengthening the spiritual and moral health of the nation and increasing the well-being of its citizens.
VAT Accounting when Justifying the Initial Maximum Contract Prices and the Principle of Competition Protection in the Contract System
Authors: Dobretsov G. B.
Published: June 2022

The article considers the issue of forming the initial (maximum) contract price (NMCC) related to the supplier’s expenses for paying taxes, fees, mandatory payments, logistics and other costs when purchasing goods (works, services) for state and municipal needs. One of the principles of the contract system is the principle of ensuring competition: the contract system in the field of procurement is aimed at creating a level playing field to ensure competition between procurement participants. For this purpose, value added tax (VAT) must be taken into account when justifying the initial (maximum) contract price. When forming a draft contract and signing it, it is clear that the contract price includes all taxes, including value added tax. If the winner of the procedure is a subject who does not pay value added tax (for example, due to a simplified taxation system) – the contract price is not reduced, it, as indicated in the Federal Law of April 5, 2013 № 44-FZ «On the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works, services to meet state and municipal needs» (Law № 44), is firm. In this case, the tax amount will be the profit of the counterparty.

Significant attention is paid to the study of procurement practices after a number of significant changes were made to Law № 44 in 2022.

The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for customers that allow making purchases with the greatest efficiency and number of participants (including by optimizing the calculation of the NMCC) to promote competition.
Legal Aspect of Applying Price Parity Clauses by Digital Platform Owners
Authors: Maslov A. O.
Published: June 2022

The article contains a legal analysis of the price parity clause. Its types from the point of view of Russian and foreign competition law. A number of decisions of Russian and foreign courts, antimonopoly regulators made on the basis of antimonopoly investigations against owners of digital platforms who used the clause on price parity in entrepreneurial activities were considered. A comparative analysis of these decisions was carried out to identify similarities and differences in approaches to the legal qualification of the actions of the owner of the digital platform on the use of the price parity clause. In particular, in the countries of the European Union, antitrust regulators and courts have qualified the relevant actions of the owner of the digital platform as a violation of the legislative ban on the conclusion of vertical agreements restricting competition. The Russian antimonopoly regulator and the courts qualify the actions of the owner of the digital platform as a violation of the ban on abuse of dominant position in the relevant commodity market.

The article also considers the approaches of Russian and foreign competitive departments, courts to determine the boundaries of commodity markets, the participants of which are the owners of the digital platform.
Ekmelüddîn Bâbertî’nin Delâlete İlişkin Meselelerdeki Tercih ve Yorumu
Authors: ÖNDER Şeyma Gülsüm
Published: June 2022

Lafzî vazʿî delâlet; mutâbıkî, tazammunî ve iltizâmî delâlet olmak üzere üç kısma ayrılır. Lafzın, anlamına tam uyumluluğunu gösteren mutâbakatın mahiyetine dair İslâm âlimleri arasında ittifak varken tazammunî ve iltizâmî delâlete ilişkin bazı meselelerde görüş ayrılıkları bulunmaktadır. Fıkıh usûlü ve belagatta merkezî rol oynaması bakımından iltizâmî delâlete ilişkin tartışmalar ağırlıktadır. Her iki alandaki bazı temel eserlere şerh yazan Ekmelüddîn Bâbertî (ö. 786/1384), iltizâmî delâlet başta olmak üzere delâletin ele alındığı hususlara ilişkin ihtilaflı meselelerde görüş beyan etmiştir. Bunlar arasında iltizâmî delâletin aklîliği ve gerçekleşmesi için zihnî lüzum şartı aranıp aranmadığı meselesi öne çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda makalenin girişinde öncelikle delâlet hakkında genel bir bilgiye yer verildikten sonra birinci bölümde Bâbertî’nin eserlerinde delâletin nasıl ele alındığı açıklanacaktır. Ardından ikinci bölümde delâlete ilişkin ihtilaflı meselelere değinilecek; özellikle iltizâmî delâletin mahiyeti çerçevesinde âlimlerin tartışmalarına yer verildikten sonra Bâbertî’nin bunlara dair görüşleri zikredilecektir.
Marife Gelen Müsnedün İleyh ve Müsnedin Semantik Boyutu (Ebû Ya‘kûb es-Sekkâkî’nin Miftâhu’l-ʿulûm Adlı Eseri Bağlamında)
Authors: YURTTAŞ Tahsin
Published: June 2022

Arapçada cümle telifi isnad olgusu ile açıklanır. İsnad, cümlenin temel ögelerini birbirine bağlayan, lafzen görünmeyen bir bağdır. İsnadın tarafları olan müsnedün ileyh ve müsned, bir cümlenin asgari iki temel rüknüdür. İlki, hakkında yargıda bulunulan, ikincisi ise yargının kendisidir. Bir cümlenin temel ögeleri olan mübtedâ ya da fail, müsnedün ileyhe; haber ya da fiil ise müsnede karşılık gelmektedir. Cümlede bu ögelerin -nekreye nispetle- marife olarak gelmesi cümlenin anlamını değiştirmektedir. Ebû Ya‘kûb es-Sekkâkî (ö. 626/1229), çeşitli şekillerde marife olarak gelen müsnedün ileyhin tahsis, cins, tekit, ahd gibi vurgulu anlamlar kattığını ve cümlenin anlamsal yorumunu etkilediğini ifade eder. Sekkâkî’de marife gelen sözdizimsel yapı, bağlamsal durumu açıklarken, bağlam da sözdizimsel yapıyı belirleyebilmektedir. Dolayısıyla sözdizimsel yapı ile bağlam durumunun etkileşimi, birlikte cümlenin anlamını tayin etmektedir; fakat bağlamsal durum, anlamı belirlemede daha etkilidir. Müsned ve/veya müsnedün ileyhin, zamir, alem, ism-i mevsûl, ism-i işâret, harf-i tarif veya izâfetle gelmesi semantik açıdan cümlenin anlamını belirler. Müsnedün ileyhin -istisnai olarak- nekre geldiği durumlarda marife halindeki çoğu anlam görülmez. Sonuç olarak isnadın bir ve/veya iki tarafının marife bir isim olarak gelmesi, cümlenin anlamsal yorumunu değiştirir ve bu türde bir isnad, muhtelif belâgî nükteler için kurulur.
Relevansi Pelayanan Visitasi Pastoral Berdasarkan Yohanes 10:11-15 di Lingkungan GMIT Kanaan Naimata
Authors: Bua Marselina , Tari Ezra
Published: June 2022

Kehadiran pendeta dalam penatalayanan belum sepenuhnya dirasakan jemaat. Pendeta dalam melakukan pelayanan pastoral belum dirasakan dengan maksimal. Hal ini ditengarai karena, pendeta tidak akan mengetahui persoalan jemaat. Pendeta hanya sibuk dengan aktivitas organisatoris ketimbang memperhatikan masalah jemaat. Tulisan ini muncul dari kegelisahan penulis karena minimnya perkunjungan pastoral secara langsung maupun melalui media sosial. Ada anggota jemaat yang bergumul usai di PHK, perjuangan seorang janda, perselingkuhan dan keaktifan jemaat dalam beribadah. Tujuan dari tulisan ini untuk memberikan motivasi kepada pendeta selaku gembala mengoptimalkan pelayanan kepada jemaat. Penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Seorang pendeta memberikan diri untuk secara aktif mendengar dan mengamati situasi jemaatnya. Pelayanan ini dilakukan melalui visitasi pastoral. Pendeta harus menghargai privasi jemaat. Hal itu terkait dengan masalah yang diceritakan. Pendeta hadir mengenal jemaatnya, bukan hanya pertemuan di gedung gereja. Tetapi ia hadir untuk memberikan solusi terhadap persoalan jemaat.
PID Control Medium Size Wind Turbine Control with Integrated Blade Pitch Angle
Authors: LÜY Murat , METİN Nuri Alper
Published: June 2022

Due to the increase in electricity consumption in the world, the tendency to increase resource diversity in the electricity generation section has increased. With the decrease in the reserves of petroleum and derivative products used in traditional energy production systems, energy production has turned to renewable energy sources. Examples of renewable energy sources are the sun, wind turbines, and fuel cells. In order to provide sustainable energy production in wind turbines, the blades and body must be protected. In this study, the blade pitch angle control of the wind turbine is realized with the PID controller and the wind turbine is protected from high speeds. The coefficient control of the PID controller is determined by the PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and Ziegler Nichols method. Simulation was carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment. It has been observed that the PID coefficient parameters optimized with PSO in the pitch angle control process reach the reference power value in a shorter time compared to the PID parameter values calculated with Ziegler Nichols. In addition, it was observed that the oscillation value was less at the reference power reached and the pitch angle increased.
POSSIBILITIES FOR IMPROVING THE SITUATION OF PARENTAL PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION IN PRE-SCHOOL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kovienė Skaistė
Published: June 2022

Under the conditions of constant social, economic and political change, parents face new, previously unexperienced social phenomena and challenges of parenting, therefore the need for parental pedagogical education arises. Successful parental pedagogical education is one of the main educational conditions for achieving higher quality pre-school education. The aim of the research is to analyse the possibilities for improving the situation of parental pedagogical education in pre - school education institutions. The qualitative research was carried out. The applied research methods include the analysis of scientific, pedagogical, psychological literature, documents, meta-analysis (to reveal the theoretical context), semi-structured oral interview (to collect empirical research data) and content analysis (to analyse empirical data). The results of the empirical research revealed that traditional forms of individual communication are the most recognized and the most widely used by pre-school teachers as the forms of improving the situation of pedagogical parental education. The emphasis is placed on virtual communication with parents, providing information, and providing feedback through virtual means. The following possibilities for improving the situation of parental pedagogical education are highlighted: the involvement of parents in practical activities in the institution, appropriate invitation used by the teacher, demonstration of attention to parents by expressing gratitude for participation, clarification of expectations through surveys. Teachers’ personal qualities and pedagogical skills are especially important. The conditions that improve the situation of parental pedagogical education have been singled out: the development of positive relations with parents on the initiative of the institution, the search for more innovative forms of parental pedagogical education. The relevance of the parental initiative is emphasised.
Keywords: parental pedagogical education, pre-school education institution, qualitative research, situation improvement.
Erkanname of Bektashi Tariqa Describing a Shaving Ritual of Khalifa: “Menzil-i Hilâfet Tıraş-ı Erkân”
Authors: ÖĞE Mustafa
Published: June 2022

In Bektashism, there are three ceremonies in which the shaving man is practiced. One of these three ceremonies is the shaving ritual for those who have reached the caliphate. The subject of our article is the section named “Menzil-i Hilâfet Tıraş-ı Erkan”, which is included in the manuscript named “Erkan-ı Sultâ(n) Abdâl Musa”, registered with the number 06 Hk 4284 in the Ankara National Library Ötüken Public Library. There are four chapters in the work, which was written in Nesih script. The titles of the chapters in the manuscript are “Haza erkan-ı Sultâ(n) Abdal Musa”, “Cennet ül Esma”, the third title opened as “Bab”, and finally “Menzil-i Khilafah Tıraş-ı Erkan”. The section named “Menzil-i Khilafet Tıraş-ı Erkan”, as the name suggests, describes the caliphate for those who have reached the caliphate. There is no doubt that this order, which is located between pages 11b-17b of the manuscript, is a caliphate shaving order. In our study, the work written in Ottoman Turkish was transileterationed. In addition, by analyzing and evaluating the content of the work, it has been tried to reveal the caliphate shaving order and its features, which is one of the ceremonies in which the shaving method is applied in Babagân Bektashism.
New Middle Classes’ Consumption Practices on The Axis of Conspicuous Consumption Behavior
Authors: ÇİÇEK Zuhal
Published: June 2022

Today, individuals live in a daily life space where they are addicted to fashion and what is constantly renewed. Consumption practices, guided by the symbolic values of consumption objects, have been a means of class mobility for individuals in different income groups as a status indicator. Certain types of consumption practices have become the means and purpose of creating a lifestyle, ensuring its continuity, and creating differences by making use of the artificial attractiveness of consumption objects. The motivation to be different from the other has become possible with consumption practicies that are reproduced, valued and given meaning, which have the potential to indicate the social position, class position and prestige of the individual. In this article, the dynamics and dimensions of differentiation and separation forms embodied by consumption practices are discussed.