bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Homens gays com deficiência congénita e/ou adquirida, física e/ou sensorial: duplo-fardo social
Authors: Sousa Mónica José Abreu , Moleiro Carla Marina Matos
Published: August 2015

O estudo apresentado, de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, enquadra-se na linha de trabalhos que procuram contribuir, através da fenomenologia, para a compreensão da perspectiva única de homens gays com deficiência congénita e/ou adquirida, física e/ou sensorial, no que concerne às vivências inerentes à deficiência física, bem como à sua orientação sexual. Nesse sentido, recorrendo a uma entrevista semiestruturada, o presente estudo procurou, através da descrição detalhada das experiências pessoais de dois participantes, compreender os seus valores, as suas crenças, as suas representações, as suas atitudes e opiniões, assim como as suas referências normativas. Entre outras conclusões, ressaltamos que, para além de as experiências de dupla discriminação serem relatadas de forma central pelos participantes, verifica-se, de igual modo, a emergência de significados existenciais alternativos que lhes possibilitem alcançar as suas expectativas quanto à vivência da homossexualidade e da sexualidade.
La iniciación sexual entre mujeres de sectores vulnerables en cuatro provincias argentinas
Authors: Binstock Georgina , Gogna Mónica
Published: August 2015

Este artículo examina el calendario y contexto en el que ocurre la iniciación sexual en base a una encuesta a 1571 mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes en tres capitales provinciales y en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires. En primer lugar, se analiza la edad a la que ocurre el debut sexual para las diferentes generaciones. Seguidamente, se aborda el rol que juegan el contexto de crianza, la escolaridad y el inicio de relaciones románticas en precipitar o retrasar la iniciación sexual. Finalmente, se describen las circunstancias en que ocurre la iniciación, incluyendo el vínculo con la pareja, el uso de anticoncepción, y el lugar que cumplen la escuela, la familia y el grupo de pares como fuente de información respecto de la sexualidad y los métodos anticonceptivos. El análisis compara la experiencia de las adolescentes con las de las jóvenes para identificar cambios generacionales en las circunstancias relativas al debut sexual.
De núcleo de povoamento à praça de guerra: a Colônia do Sacramento de 1735 a 1777
Authors: Possamai Paulo César
Published: August 2015

Fundada em 1680, quando a Coroa portuguesa buscava expandir seus domínios na América, a Colônia do Sacramento passou de um pequeno entreposto fortificado a um importante núcleo comercial e de povoamento no início do século XVIII. Entretanto, o cerco espanhol, que se estendeu de 1735 a 1737, limitou seu caráter de centro povoador e núcleo de expansão portuguesa no Rio da Prata a um papel exclusivamente comercial e militar. O levantamento do cerco, em 1737, não implicou o abandono do bloqueio à praça, que continuou até a sua entrega definitiva à Coroa espanhola, em 1777. Procuramos, neste artigo, estabelecer um paralelo entre o cotidiano da população da Colônia do Sacramento, durante o tempo que em viveu sob o bloqueio espanhol, e o dos habitantes das praças fortes portuguesas no Marrocos e na Índia, onde a população vivia sob o constante controle de seus movimentos e de ameaças de invasão por parte dos inimigos.
O estanco nas cidades do México e de Buenos Aires: crise e ruptura em meados do século XVIII. Um estudo comparativo
Authors: Dupuy Andrea Lidia
Published: August 2015

As cidades de Buenos Aires e do México, desde os primeiros anos do processo de conquista, tinham um sistema de fornecimento de carne com base no monopólio, o estanco, estruturado em torno da figura do obligado, supervisionado pelo Cabildo. Esse sistema irá operar formalmente até meados do século XVIII, quando diversos fatores ocasionaram seu declínio e a necessidade de sua substituição. No caso específico do fornecimento de carne para a cidade de Buenos Aires, destacam-se os estudos de Hernán Asdrúbal Silva e de Juan Carlos Garavaglia. Para a Cidade do México, os trabalhos de Enriqueta Quiroz sobre o estanco são indispensáveis. Neste estudo tentaremos analisar, a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa, esse processo de substituição de um sistema de monopólio para um sistema competitivo, em ambas as cidades, no período colonial.
Efigênia Angola, Francisca Muniz forra parda, seus parceiros e senhores: freguesias rurais do Rio de Janeiro, século XVIII. Uma contribuição metodológica para a história colonial*
Authors: Fragoso João
Published: August 2015

Este artigo pretende contribuir para a metodologia de investigação da dinâmica social da sociedade estabelecida após a conquista da América lusa, através da análise de aspectos das estratégias de vida de escravos pardos e forros - como Efigênia Angola, Francisca Muniz e outros sujeitos sociais - nas freguesias rurais do Rio de Janeiro, ao longo do século XVIII. A análise foi desenvolvida a partir do cruzamento de informações presentes nos registros paroquiais dos batismos, nas visitações eclesiásticas e nos inventários post-mortem, na perspectiva das técnicas da história serial e da microhistória italiana.
Orundellico-Jemmy Button: o(s) lugar(es) e a(s) identidade(s)
Authors: Giucci Guillermo
Published: August 2015

A oposição entre "dentro" e "fora", que por muito tempo norteou a imagem que temos do espaço, se defronta hoje com renovados desafios territoriais. Enquanto uma vertente da reflexão contemporânea sobre o espaço destaca a importância de perspectivas alternativas - "heterotopias", "entre-lugar", "espaço fronteiriço", "não-lugar", "espaço virtual" − outra, aponta para o desaparecimento da exterioridade. Neste trabalho proponho discutir a relação entre o lugar e a identidade, tomando como base a figura histórica do índio yamana Orundellico, mais conhecido pelo nome de Jemmy Button que, em 1830, foi levado para a Inglaterra e retornou para a Terra do Fogo, após três anos. Seleciono, ao final, exemplos de intelectuais contemporâneos que pertencem a duas culturas e comento o fenômeno da "dupla consciência".
De índio a guarda nacional: cidadania e direitos indígenas no Império (Vila de Itaguaí, 1822-1836)
Authors: Moreira Vânia Maria Losada
Published: August 2015

A transição do Brasil para a condição de nação independente gerou uma revisão na política indigenista colonial com o objetivo de definir os parâmetros que o Império deveria adotar em relações aos índios. Personagem destacado nesse processo foi José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, que apresentou à Assembleia Constituinte de 1823 uma detalhada proposta sobre o assunto. A dissolução da Assembleia Constituinte interrompeu o debate sobre os índios e a Constituição outorgada em 1824 abriu margem para considerá-los cidadãos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as estratégias indígenas e estatais no processo de definição dos direitos e das obrigações inerentes à condição de cidadãos, logo após a Independência, tomando como objeto de reflexão o período da Constituinte e a experiência dos índios da vila de Itaguaí, no Rio de Janeiro.
Revisitando o passado em tempos de crise: federalismo e memória no período regencial (1831-1840)
Authors: Silva Luiz Geraldo Santos da , Feldman Ariel
Published: August 2015

Este artigo analisa a contra-memória criada no período regencial em torno dos movimentos políticos pernambucanos de 1817 e 1824, propagada principalmente através do jornal O Carapuceiro (1832-1842), publicado por Miguel do Sacramento Lopes Gama. Procuramos demonstrar que esse periódico foi, sobretudo, político e não, meramente de costumes, e que teve grande influência no processo de retorno dos conservadores ao poder, em 1837. Examinamos, também, como a memória sobre aqueles eventos foi redefinida, entre as décadas de 1840 e 1860, como resultado da publicação de obras, como a de Muniz Tavares (História da Revolução de Pernambuco em 1817), e da fundação do Instituto Arqueológico e Geográfico Pernambucano (1862) que procuraram instituir outra contra-memória daqueles movimentos, articuladamente à construção de uma identidade provincial e contraposta à identidade imperial, forjada no âmbito do IHGB e da historiografia produzida em seu interior.
Das casas às roças: comunidades de candomblé no Rio de Janeiro desde o fim do século XIX
Authors: Conduru Roberto
Published: August 2015

O artigo analisa o processo de constituição das comunidades de candomblé no Rio de Janeiro, desde o fim do século XIX. Partindo de uma divisão desse processo em quatro momentos, são propostos três tipos de (des)continuidade para as trajetórias dessas comunidades. Também são analisadas a distribuição dessas comunidades no território do Rio de Janeiro e a tipologia arquitetônica que resulta de práticas menos morfológicas e mais estruturais de reconfiguração do ambiente físico. Ao final, é discutida a condição dessas comunidades como patrimônio cultural e sua inserção no processo de preservação de sítios, edifícios e objetos referentes à afrodescendência no Rio de Janeiro.
Urnas e saias: uma mistura possível. A participação feminina no pleito eleitoral de 1933, na ótica do jornal Correio do Povo
Authors: Karawejczyk Mônica
Published: August 2015

Este artigo busca elucidar o que o jornal Correio do Povo de Porto Alegre julgou adequado publicar sobre a primeira participação feminina nas eleições de 1933. O sufrágio universal e a igualdade do voto só foram conquistados, de uma maneira geral, nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Uma conquista feminina inegável, fazendo com que o Brasil se transformasse num dos países pioneiros na concessão do voto para as mulheres. Um longo caminho foi percorrido desde as primeiras manifestações ocorridas no século XIX até a conquista definitiva desse direito na década de 1930, no Brasil. O objetivo aqui pretendido é dar ênfase a esta conquista feminina na ótica do jornal, através da análise tanto dos seus artigos quanto das imagens escolhidas para ilustrar o fato.
Peronismo e cultura: o Primeiro Congresso de Bibliotecas Populares da Província de Buenos Aires (1949)
Authors: Silva Paulo Renato da
Published: August 2015

O governo do presidente argentino Juan Domingo Perón (1946-1955) desenvolveu uma política cultural voltada aos setores populares. Para o peronismo, a questão político-social e a cultural eram indissociáveis. O Primeiro Congresso de Bibliotecas Populares da Província de Buenos Aires (1949) foi uma das iniciativas dessa política cultural peronista. Entretanto, ela foi marcada por divergências, inclusive internas, quanto à centralidade do nacionalismo, à formação que deveria ser dada aos setores populares e ao legado da tradição liberal argentina.
"Ou vocês mudam ou acabam": aspectos políticos da censura teatral (1964-1985)
Authors: Souza Miliandre Garcia de
Published: August 2015

No Brasil, a censura teatral foi instituída no século XIX com a fundação do Conservatório Dramático Brasileiro. Até a década de 1960, a censura de diversões públicas era responsabilidade dos estados, regia-se por legislação ostensiva e atuava na esfera da moral e dos bons costumes. Com o golpe militar de 1964, a atividade censória passou por um processo de re-significação que consolidou a centralização do órgão em Brasília e a prática da censura política. Ao papel de mantenedora dos princípios éticos e dos valores morais, motivos alegados para a criação do Serviço de Censura de Diversões Públicas, na década de 1940, foi acrescentada a preocupação com a manutenção da ordem política e da segurança nacional, justificativas incorporadas na reestruturação da censura nas décadas de 1960, 1970 e 1980.
O Banco Mundial e a construção político-intelectual do "combate à pobreza"
Authors: Pereira João Márcio Mendes
Published: August 2015

Este artigo discute as razões e os meios pelos quais o Banco Mundial lançou, no final dos anos 1960, o lema do "combate à pobreza". Para isso, relaciona a atuação do Banco a fatores externos, ligados às disputas políticas da Guerra Fria e às provisões norte-americanas no âmbito do desenvolvimento. O trabalho mostra que instrumentos o Banco utilizou para levar adiante essa divisa; que argumentos lhe deram sustentação, qual direção política assumiu e que limites enfrentou nos anos 1970. Discute como esse lema foi instrumentalizado pelos programas de ajustamento estrutural implementados durante a década de 1980, culminando na gestação de um novo modelo de política social no início da década de 1990, sintonizado com o neoliberalismo.
Os modos de enunciação nos Manuais de Ensino para professores de História
Authors: Paulilo André Luiz
Published: August 2015

Este artigo consiste em um estudo sobre os modos de enunciação dos Manuais de Ensino para professores de História. Tomando como fontes de pesquisa os livros recomendados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático de 2008 (PNLD2008), o texto examina a configuração discursiva desse recurso didático. Os modos de enunciação nos Manuais do Professor são analisados considerando o gênero dos textos, a intenção discursiva dos autores e o modelo de docente; eles também são analisados como práticas de representação do ensino e da aprendizagem.
A religião dos bantos: novas leituras sobre o calundu no Brasil colonial
Authors: Daibert Robert
Published: August 2015

ResumoO artigo tem como proposta apresentar uma síntese das características centrais da tradição religiosa africana banto. O objetivo é demonstrar que o conhecimento desses elementos, enquanto repertório simbólico disponível aos praticantes do calundu, pode trazer novas reflexões a respeito desta experiência religiosa no período colonial. Pretende-se, assim, incentivar futuras investigações que não privilegiem o sincretismo como elemento de diluição das heranças africanas, mas levem em conta os modos de sobrevivência, reatualização e transformação das tradições religiosas banto no Brasil.
“Morta de amor por Deus”: a vida exemplar de Dona Thomázia, uma mulher letrada e devota que morreu em Lisboa no ano do terremoto (1755)
Authors: Fleck Eliane , Tavares Mauro
Published: August 2015

ResumoNeste artigo, analisamos a obra Vida portentosa da serva de Deus D. Thomázia de Jesus, escrita pelo dominicano João Franco e publicada em 1757. Esta obra, do gênero biográfico, se detém na descrição das características físicas e psicológicas, na vida casta, na extrema devoção e religiosidade de uma mulher letrada portuguesa, apresentando-a como modelo de virtude e santidade. A obra adquire contornos singulares, porque a biografada morreu no ano em que Lisboa foi atingida por um terremoto, e porque seu biógrafo, confessor e diretor espiritual, foi obrigado a reescrever parte do texto, devido à perda dos originais em decorrência do cataclismo.
Cultura confessional e luta por direitos no mundo do trabalho: Belo Horizonte, 1909-1921
Authors: Amaral Deivison
Published: August 2015

ResumoEste artigo analisa a luta por direitos de trabalhadores de Belo Horizonte que no início do século XX compartilharam uma cultura militante católica que influenciou sua forma de agir. A cultura confessional conformou estratégias de luta que eram favoráveis aos trabalhadores – a despeito das teses sobre cooptação –, buscavam difundir argumentos religiosos para justificar direitos e, ainda, garantir leis de proteção ao trabalhador. A análise da luta por direitos em Belo Horizonte mostra que os católicos inverteram a lógica de reivindicação das correntes revolucionárias – a ameaça da desordem social – e utilizaram sua representatividade e capacidade de manter a ordem social como principais instrumentos.
Uma Igreja distante de Roma: circulação internacional e gerações de missionários no Maranhão
Authors: Neris Wheriston Silva , Seidl Ernesto
Published: August 2015

ResumoO artigo examina as mutações na dinâmica católica em um território missionário - o estado do Maranhão - dentro de registros aparentemente díspares: o local e o internacional, o religioso e o político. Procura-se assim entender como as redefinições nas formas de exercício do ofício eclesial nesse componente afastado dos centros de decisão católicos se conectaram às reconfigurações das modalidades de circulação internacional de clérigos em situação de missão no exterior, a partir de meados do século passado. O trabalho focaliza as condições nas quais se deu a nova onda de imigração religiosa de missionários do norte para o sul no período e, em seguida, as modificações no arcabouço institucional e nas formas de atuação religiosa, com destaque para os efeitos de politização da religião experimentados por frações de clérigos.
Pensando o Brasil: discurso religioso e prática social segundo Zilda Arns
Authors: Costa Marcelo Thimoteo da
Published: August 2015

ResumoPropõe-se aqui analisar a atuação da Pastoral da Criança, organização criada em 1983 e coordenada por quase três décadas pela médica pediatra e ativista católica Zilda Arns Neumann (1934-2010). Observar-se-á, para tanto, o discurso construído por Arns para justificar a fundação da citada Pastoral – bem como o inventário realizado por ela dos primeiros anos de sua atuação. Quer-se demonstrar como Zilda Arns forjou, com base em um universo religioso específico, determinada mística de ação social, ligando credo privado e intervenção pública.
Da tolerância à caridade: sobre religião, laicidade e pluralismo na atualidade
Authors: Menezes Jonathan
Published: August 2015

ResumoAs questões da (in)tolerância entre as religiões e da liberdade de crença e de pensamento não são novas para a história, ou melhor, não são exclusivas desta época. Basta lembrar, para os propósitos aqui arrolados, uma obra do período iluminista, o Tratado sobre a tolerância de Voltaire, que tratava precisamente disto. Em contrapartida, mesmo vivendo numa era de consolidação de fenômenos de secularização, como Gianni Vattimo entende ser a nossa – e que tem a ver com liberdade, celebração e respeito às diferenças –, ainda se vislumbra a intolerância para com diferentes crenças religiosas, e o não respeito, especialmente por parte de setores de religiões majoritárias como o cristianismo, ao princípio de laicidade do Estado. Em diálogo com o pensiero debole (pensamento fraco) de Vattimo, analisarei a proposta deste autor de migração da ideia de tolerância para a de caridade, como meio de mover-se para além de uma relação metafísica com a verdade nas religiões para a noção pouco comum às práticas e discursos religiosos de uma verdade kenótica, isto é, esvaziada de pretensões de correspondência e, por conseguinte, de imposição sobre outras.
Evaluation of functional mobility of patients with stroke sequela after treatment in hydrotherapy pool using the Timed Up and Go Test
Authors: Santos Daniel Gonçalves dos , Pegoraro Andréa Sanches Navarro , Abrantes Carolina Vilela , Jakaitis Fabio , Gusman Silvia , Bifulco Simone Cristina
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the functional mobility of patients with stroke over 12 sessions of hydrotherapy. Methods: Ten stroke patients aged between 5 and 85 years were evaluated by means of the Timed Up and Go test, which contains some items, such as balance, walking speed, changing directions, and standing up from a seated position. The study patients performed the test before and after each hydrotherapy session (total of 12 sessions). Each individual was compared to him/ herself both short-term (pre- and post-therapy) and long-term (after 12 therapy sessions). Result: Comparing baseline and after 12 sessions, it was noted that the 10 patients improved their performance, with a decrease in time to execute the Timed Up and Go test. Conclusion: An exercise program in a hydrotherapy pool was beneficial for functional mobility performance improvement in stroke patients.
Comparative study of the effects of two programs of physical exercises in flexibility and balance of healthy elderly individuals with and without major depression
Authors: Lanuez Fernanda Varkala , Jacob-Filho Wilson , Lanuez Mariana Varkala , Oliveira Ana Cláudia Becattini de
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess flexibility and balance in healthy elderly subjects with or without major depression, by means of two different programs: aerobic exercises and flexibility and balance exercises. Methods: A randomized, double-blind controlled study in which each sample was the control of itself. Research subjects were 19 healthy elderly individuals, aged between 60 and 90 years, of both genders, referred to the Department of Geriatrics of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, with or without the diagnosis of major depression, and sedentary or that had not engaged in physical activity for at least 6 months. Results: Subjects with major depression, as well as those without depression, showed signifcant improvement in flexibility and balance, especially in the group that did aerobic exercises. Conclusion: The results of this investigation reinforce the relevance of physical exercises for the elderly with major depression, as this is an important tool for treating and following-up this group of patients.
Frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms of some immune response genes in a population sample from São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Léa Campos de , Ramasawmy Rajendranath , Borges Jaila Dias , Marin Maria Lucia Carnevale , Muller Natalie Guida , Kalil Jorge , Goldberg Anna Carla
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To present the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms of a few immune response genes in a population sample from São Paulo City (SP), Brazil. Methods: Data on allele frequencies of known polymorphisms of innate and acquired immunity genes were presented, the majority with proven impact on gene function. Data were gathered from a sample of healthy individuals, non-HLA identical siblings of bone marrow transplant recipients from the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, obtained between 1998 and 2005. The number of samples varied for each single nucleotide polymorphism analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme cleavage. Results: Allele and genotype distribution of 41 different gene polymorphisms, mostly cytokines, but also including other immune response genes, were presented. Conclusion: We believe that the data presented here can be of great value for case-control studies, to define which polymorphisms are present in biologically relevant frequencies and to assess targets for therapeutic intervention in polygenic diseases with a component of immune and inflammatory responses.
Assessment of glutathione S-transferaseM1 (GSTM1) and its polymorphisms GSTM1 null in the response to treatment with chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Takeda Gilberto Kendi , Leite Daniela Batista , Junqueira Michele Gilvana , Lopes Luiz Augusto Freire , Silva Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da , Baracat Fausto Farah
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess if the genotype of the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) enzyme and its GSTM1 null polymorphism can influence the response to chemotherapeutic treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Methods: Case-control study of 112 patients with advanced ovarian cancer submitted to chemotherapy during the period from January 1995 to December 2005. The tissue to study the GSTM1 genotype and its deletion came from surgical staging to treat ovarian cancer. The PCR product generates two distinct genotypes, characterized as positive and null. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Patients were classified as having: a) no response, b) a response. Results: The presence of GSTM1 or its GSTM1 null polymorphism did not influence the preoperative chemotherapy response. Among the patients who did respond, 88.9% presented with positive GSTM1 and 11.1% with null GSTM1. Among the patients that did not respond, 85.71% presented with positive GSTM1 and 14.29% with null GSTM1 (p = 0.825). GSTM1 and its GSTM1 null polymorphism had no influence on the postoperative response to chemotherapy. Among the patients who did respond, 80.65% presented with positive GSTM1 and 19.35% with null GSTM1. Among the patients who did not respond, 87.50% presented with positive GSTM1 and 12.5% with the null polymorphism (p = 0.553). Conclusion: No difference was observed in the response to treatment with chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, as to the GSTM1 genotype compared to its GSTM1 null polymorphism.
Clinical and epidemiological aspects of prematurity in a Normal Delivery Center, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Rabello Miriam Siqueira do Carmo , Barros Sonia Maria Oliveira de
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To present clinical and epidemiological aspects of prematurity in a Normal Delivery Center, and to describe outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study, with 189 medical records of premature, single, and living fetuses, with gestational ages between 25 and 36.6 weeks. Results: The prevalence of preterm births was 7.8%, and 23.2% in adolescent mothers. The most frequent obstetric complication was premature rupture of ovular membranes (35.4%), followed by hypertensive syndrome (18.5%). Cesarean section was performed in 33% of cases. The Apgar score in the 1st minute was < 7 in 36.0% of cases, and in the 5th minute of life, in 9.5% of cases. Conclusion: Among the aspects studied, results showed that the prevalence of preterm births was higher than expected for the adolescent mothers, however, with a satisfactory perinatal outcome.
Evaluation of hospitalization of children aged 0 to 5 years admitted for respiratory infections at a large hospital
Authors: Oliveira Tatiana Gandolfi de , Moraes Juliana da Silva Bemfeito de , Moreira Flávia Thomé , Arrelaro Raquel Coris , Ricardi Viviane Alves , Bertagnon José Ricardo Dias , Juliano Yara
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the admission of children aged 0 to 5 years due to respiratory infections at a major hospital in the Southern region of the city of São Paulo. Methods: A total of 4,240 clinical records of children hospitalized and diagnosed with pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis and bronchitis were evaluated for the 2008-2009 period, based on age, gender and year season. Results: Out of this total of children aged 0 to 60-months, 139 (3.2%) presented with pneumonia, with a slight predominance in female babies, and 73.4% occurred between 12 and 60 months (102 cases), particularly during the winter. No significant difference was found as to gender in bronchopneumonia. Age range and year seasons showed to be significant. As regards to bronchiolitis, there was a slight increase in male babies (253 cases) aged less than 12 months and in the autumn season. A total of 182 (4.3%) presented with bronchitis, mainly boys (101 cases) in children aged 12 to 60 months, predominantly during autumn/summer seasons. Conclusion: The assessment of admissions of children aged 0 to 5 years due to respiratory infections at a major hospital at the Southern region of the city of São Paulo, in the 2008-2009 period, showed that respiratory diseases affect age groups, and gender in a different way occurring in specific periods of the year.
Multivisceral transplantation in pigs: a model for research and training
Authors: David André Ibrahim , Chida Valéria Vieira , Lee Andre Dong Won , Fiuza Felipe Soares Oliveira Rodrigues , Calil Daniela Medeiros , Mantovani Danielle de Carvalho , Maranhão Eduardo Rullo , Campi Gabriel Beligni , Llanos Juan Carlos , Ferraz Neto Ben-Hur
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a model for research and training in multivisceral transplantation in pigs. Methods: Eight Large White pigs (four donors and four recipients) were operated. The multivisceral transplant with stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver and intestine was performed similarly to transplantation in humans with a few differences, described below. Anastomoses were performed as follows: end-to-end from the supra-hepatic vena cava of the graft to the recipient juxta diaphragmatic vena cava; end-to-end from the infra-hepatic vena cava of the graft to the inferior (suprarenal) vena cava of the recipient; and end-to-side patch of the aorta of the graft to the infrarenal aorta of the recipient plus digestive reconstruction. Results: The performance of the multivisceral transplantion was possible in all four animals. Reperfusions of the multivisceral graft led to a severe ischemia-reperfusion syndrome, despite flushing of the graft. The animals presented with hypotension and the need for high doses of vasoactive drugs, and all of them were sacrificed after discontinuing these drugs. Conclusion: Some alternatives to minimize the ischemia-reperfusion syndrome, such as the use of another vasoactive drug, use of a third pig merely for blood transfusion, presence of an anesthesia team in the operating room, and reduction of the graft, will be the next steps to enable experimental studies.
Analysis of the action of Himatanthus drasticus in progression of urethane-induced lung cancer in mice
Authors: França Wendy Caroline de Souza Costa , Souza Ana Cláudia Rodrigues Lopes Amaral de , Cordeiro José Antônio , Cury Patricia Maluf
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of janaguba in inhibiting the development of lung cancer in an experimental urethane-induced model. Methods: a total of 3mg/kg urethane was injected in 51 Balb-C mice aged 7-13 weeks of life. Janaguba was administered orally daily in two doses: 0.04 mL (Group 2, G2) and 0.06 mL (Group 3, G3), for 20 weeks. After this period, the mice were sacrificed and the number of lesions counted. Results: The mean weight of Group 2 was lower than that of Group 3, and that of Group 1 (Control, G1) (G1 = 35.533 g; G2 = 33.359 g; G3 = 37.125 g). The number of nodules did not differ between groups (mean G1 = G2 = G3 = 1; p = 0.88). Conclusion: Janaguba had an effect on the growth of mice, but had no influence on the progression of lung cancer in this model.
Comparison between Oncotype DX test and standard prognostic criteria in estrogen receptor positive early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Freitas Marcelo Roberto Pereira , Simon Sergio Daniel
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the prognosis estimated by standard prognostic criteria versus the prognosis estimated by the Oncotype DX. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 22 patients with positive estrogen receptor, early-stage breast cancer who had an Oncotype DX recurrence score available. Results: Kappa value between Oncotype DX and standard prognostic criteria was: Adjuvant! (K = 0.091), Adjuvant! (Transbig) (K = 0.182) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (K = 0.091). The Fisher's exact test did not show correlation between Oncotype and standard prognostic criteria. Conclusion: Standard prognostic criteria showed no correlation with Oncotype DX.
Liver markers, prevalence of the metabolic syndrome abnormalities and effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly obese subjects
Authors: Serpa Neto Ary , Rossi Felipe Martin Bianco , Amarante Rodrigo Dal Moro , Rossi Marçal
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the relations between liver markers (GGT, ALT and AST) and the metabolic syndrome (and its components) in morbidly obese subjects, and to determine the response of these metabolic factors and hepatic enzymes after weight loss induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Methods: This study was carried out at a university hospital, in Santo André (SP), Brazil. We evaluated 140 morbidly obese subjects aged from 18 to 60 years submitted to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, who were followed for a mean period of 8 months. Patients with a history of heavy drinking, type 1 diabetes, and/or liver disease were excluded. Results: Liver markers, most notably GGT, were strongly associated with metabolic abnormalities, mainly hyperglycemia. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes significantly increased with increasing levels of GGT (highest versus lowest quartile GGT: odds ratio 3.89 [95%CI: 1.07-14.17]). Liver markers significantly decreased 8 months after the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the reduction of GGT levels were associated with the reduction of glucose levels (Pearson r = 0.286; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Elevated levels of liver markers, principally GGT, in morbidly obese subjects are associated with metabolic abnormalities. In addition to the well-known benefits of bariatric surgery, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, reduced the levels of liver markers to the normal range.
Postural control in blind subjects
Authors: Soares Antonio Vinicius , Oliveira Cláudia Silva Remor de , Knabben Rodrigo José , Domenech Susana Cristina , Borges Junior Noe Gomes
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze postural control in acquired and congenitally blind adults. Methods: A total of 40 visually impaired adults participated in the research, divided into 2 groups, 20 with acquired blindness and 20 with congenital blindness − 21 males and 19 females, mean age 35.8 ± 10.8. The Brazilian version of Berg Balance Scale and the motor domain of functional independence measure were utilized. Results: On Berg Balance Scale the mean for acquired blindness was 54.0 ± 2.4 and 54.4 ± 2.5 for congenitally blind subjects; on functional independence measure the mean for acquired blind group was 87.1 ± 4.8 and 87.3 ± 2.3 for congenitally blind group. Conclusion: Based upon the scale used the results suggest the ability to control posture can be developed by compensatory mechanisms and it is not affected by visual loss in congenitally and acquired blindness.
Aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy to treat recurrent ovarian endometriomas prior to in vitro fertilization – a pilot study
Authors: André Gustavo Mendonça , Vilarino Fábia Lima , Christofolini Denise Maria , Bianco Bianca , Barbosa Caio Parente
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the evolution of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in women with recurrent ovarian endometriomas treated with sclerotherapy. Methods: Twenty-one patients with a laparoscopic diagnosis of stage III or IV endometriosis who had an endometrioma larger than 3 cm before ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization were included in the study. After using a GnRH agonist analog for at least 20 days, the cysts were punctured using ultrasound guidance and subsequent ethanol sclerotherapy was performed. Then, the patients were stimulated with 100 or 200 U/day of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone, varying the dose according to the patient's age or history of a previous unilateral oophorectomy. Results: The ovarian cysts had an average diameter of 4.7 ± 1.4 cm and did not recur after aspiration during the ovulation induction. Oocyte extraction occurred after 11 days of hyperstimulation, with 3.95 ± 3.30 oocytes obtained per cycle, on average. Embryo transfer occurred in 71.4% (15/21) of patients, and the pregnancy rate after transfer was 20% (3/15). Conclusion: Aspiration followed by ethanol sclerotherapy prior to in vitro fertilization can be an option for patients who desire a pregnancy and have recurrent endometriomas.
Quality assessment of inhospital patients unable to speak who use alternative and extended communication
Authors: Bandeira Fabrício Marinho , Faria Flávia Perassa de , Araujo Everaldo Batista de
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To implement the use of alternative communication boards in patients hospitalized and unable to communicate by speech. Methods: A descriptive study with a sample of 30 patients hospitalized and unable to communicate by speech. Boards were made with Boardmaker® Software that consists of a graphical database containing Pictorial Communication Symbols. To assess the quality of life of these patients, the Portuguese SF-36, a translated version of the Medical Outcomes Study, was applied before and after the study. Results: We found that all domains of the SF-36 showed changes after the application of communication boards. We observed that the minimum score was assigned to the mental health domain, whereas the most affected and with greatest involvement and least compromise was the overall health status. Conclusion: The quality of life assessment of patients showed improvement with the use of communication boards, demonstrating the importance and necessity of communication between the patient and staff and the patient and family members.
Association of newborn diseases with weight/length ratio and the adequacy of weight for gestational age
Authors: Bertagnon José Ricardo Dias , Rocha Marcos da Cruz , Kuraim Gabriela Alba , Guidara Rosângela , Novo Neil Ferreira
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the frequencies of newborn diseases in those newborns classified according to a weight/length rate and those classified by the adequacy weight for gestational age. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study by record assessment was carried out enclosing all the live newborns at Hospital Geral do Grajaú, from September to December, 2009 (n =577) classified according to the rate weight/length and also to the adequacy weight for gestational age. The 10 and 90 percentiles of the weight/length distribution, now designated as “indices” were calculated leading to the following classification: low index, for newborns below 54.8 g/cm; high index, for those over 75.8 g/cm; and average index, for the remaining newborns. According to the adequacy weight for gestational age the newborns were designated as pre-term for gestational age; term small for gestational age; appropriate term and large term. In this sample there were no small and large pre-term or post-term newborns. Major diseases were related to the index and adequacy extracts by the χ2 test for a contingency table. Results: A significant association was found among low index, pre-term for gestational age newborns and term small for gestational age; between average index and appropriate for gestational age term newborns; and high index with large term appropriate for gestational age newborns (p< 0.001). Hypoglycemia (3.4%) was associated to both low and high indices, to appropriate for gestational age preterm newborns and to small for gestational age term newborns. Sepsis (3.1%) was associated to both low index and pre-term appropriate for gestational age newborns. The respiratory distress syndrome (1.3%) was associated to low index and pre-term appropriate for gestational age newborns. Other respiratory distress syndromes (3.8%) were associated to low and high indices but not to the adequacy for gestational age classification. Jaundice (14.9%) was not associated to the studied classifications. Perinatal asphyxia (12.6%) was associated to low index and pre-term newborns. Conclusion: The weight/length index may represent a contribution to the newborn risk classification being similar to that of the weight for gestational age adequacy, for the studied diseases.
The value of diagnostic hysteroscopy with biopsy in the preoperative of endometrial ablation
Authors: Yatabe Salete , Pereira Ana Maria Gomes , Takeda Gilberto Kendi , Depes Daniela de Baptista , Lopes Reginaldo Guedes Coelho
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the value of diagnostic hysteroscopy with biopsy in the preoperative preparation for endometrial ablation. Methods: It was a prospective non-randomized study conducted at the division of Gynecologic Endoscopy of Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual “Francisco Morato de Oliveira” from March 2007 to May 2009. A total of 45 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, and referred to endometrial ablation were included. All women underwent a diagnostic hysteroscopy, and were treated with a GnRH analogous – goserelin – 10.8 mg before surgery. The endometrial ablation was performed with a surgical resectoscope. Patients were submitted to one directed endometrial biopsy, one guided endometrial biopsy with Novak curette, and to endometrial ablation, which was considered as reference for pathological examination with samples from the biopsies. Data were analyze using the SPSS-v16 software, and considered significance at p = 0.05. Results: The mean age of women was 44.20 years (33-56), parity of 2.67 (0-9), uterus size of 139.99 calculated in cc (42-278), and the mean duration of symptoms was 3.68 years (0.5-15). The guided endometrial biopsy showed sensitivity of 80% for endometrium without atypia, and the directed endometrial biopsy had sensitivity of 60%. For proliferative endometrium the directed endometrial biopsy showed sensitivity of 76 and 100% for secretory endometrium, which was higher than the guided endometrial biopsy with 53 and 50%, respectively. Conclusion: The directed biopsy before endometrial ablation had lower sensitivity than guided biopsy for endometrium without atypia, however it was higher for proliferative and secretory endometrium.
Measurement of the palpebral fissure and the vermilion border of the upper lip in newborns with gestational ages of 25 to 43 weeks
Authors: Mesquita Maria dos Anjos , Segre Conceição Aparecida de Mattos
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To prepare percentile curves for measurements of palpebral fissure and the greatest width of the vermilion border of the upper lip in newborns at a public maternity ward in the City of São Paulo. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2006 to January 2008. In the first 24 to 72 hours of life, the palpebral fissure and the greatest width of the vermilion border of the upper lip were measured in 1,964 newborns with gestational ages from 25 to 43 weeks. Percentile curves corresponding to these measurements were prepared according to gestational age. Results: The average measurement of palpebral fissure was 1.98 cm, ranging from 0.80 to 3.00 cm, standard deviation ± 0.24 cm. The average measurement of the width of the vermilion border of the upper lip was 0.51 cm, ranging from 0.20 to 0.90 cm, standard deviation ± 0.11 cm. These measurements allowed designing the percentile curves (10th, 50th, and 90th) relative to gestational age. Conclusions: Measurement curves of palpebral fissure and of the greatest width of the vermilion border of the upper lip may be useful to evaluate the presence of facial dimorphism in newborns.
Evaluation of microRNA expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and in primary culture of oral keratinocytes
Authors: Andreghetto Flavia Maziero , Klingbeil Maria Fatima Guarizo , Soares Renata Machado , Sitnik Roberta , Pinto Junior Décio dos Santos , Mathor Monica Beatriz , Nunes Fabio Daumas , Severino Patricia
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: Functional in vitro studies are fundamental to understand the role of microRNAs, small non coding RNA molecules that function as post-transcriptional regulators, in cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the applicability of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and human oral keratinocytes as models for functional studies on microRNAs previously identified as deregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Methods: The expression level of four microRNAs was assessed in cell lines and in primary cultures of oral keratinocytes using specific real-time polymerase chain reactions. The identity of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines was confirmed by means of STR (short tandem repeats) profiling. The possible impact of feeder-layer gene expression in global microRNA expression results from keratinocyte primary culture was also evaluated. Results: Significant differences in microRNA gene expression were observed among squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, particularly among cells lines from distinct subsites, as well as between primary culture of human keratinocytes and immortalized keratinocyte cell lines. Conclusions: Primary cultures of human keratinocytes and diverse tumor cell lines are relatively easy to obtain. However, each cell model possesses a characteristic phenotype; whereas one may be useful for a specific study, it may be inappropriate for another. Therefore, it is imperative that suitable cell lines are cautiously selected for functional studies in cancer.
Nanostructured SBA-15 silica as an adjuvant in immunizations with hepatitis B vaccine
Authors: Scaramuzzi Karina , Oliveira Denise Cristina André , Carvalho Luciana Vieira , Tambourgi Denise Vilarinho , Tenório Elisabeth Christina Nunes , Rizzi Marisa , Mussalem Juliana , Fantini Márcia Carvalho de Abreu , Botosso Viviane Fongaro , Sant´Anna Osvaldo Augusto
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the applicability of SBA-15 silica as an adjuvant in immunizations with purified particles of the viral protein HBsAg, the main component of hepatitis B vaccine, Butang®, produced by Instituto Butantan. Methods: BALB/c mice orally or subcutaneously received 0.5 μg of HBsAg adsorbed/encapsulated to SBA-15 or adsorbed to Al(OH)3. To assess the secondary immune response, a subcutaneous booster was administered 30 days after the first immunization. Individual serum and fecal samples of each group were periodically collected for specific antibody titration by ELISA. Results: Analysis of secretory IgA showed that mice orally primed with HBsAg on SBA-15 had increased levels of specific antibodies in primary and secondary immune responses. Specific serum IgA and IgG titers in HBsAg:SBA-15-orally immunized mice reached higher levels after the booster, demonstrating the effectiveness of oral vaccination with the use of silica. All immunized groups showed higher IgG1 levels. Conclusion: Our results clearly indicate the promising use of SBA-15 as an adjuvant, especially in oral immunizations.
Dental caries in children participating in a Dentistry for infants Program
Authors: Lemos Letícia Vargas Freire Martins , Zuanon Angela Cristina Cilense , Myaki Silvio Issáo , Walter Luiz Reynaldo de Figueiredo
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of the “Dentistry for Infants” early dental care program run by Jacareí County (SP) by comparing the caries of individuals participating and not participating in this program. Methods: In total, 300 children between 0 and 48 months old were assessed in the following two groups: infants not participating in the program (G1, n = 100) and infants participating in the program (G2, n = 200). Each group was further divided according to age in subgroups of 0 to 24 months and 25 to 48 months. All children were clinically assessed for carious lesions using the visual-tactile method. The data were statistically analyzed using a paired Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and χ2 test at a 5% significance level. Results: There was a significant difference in the prevalence (P) and mean index of deciduous teeth (deft) (C) that were decayed, indicated for extraction and filled, and the highest values were observed in G1 (p < 0.0001). The values were as follows: PG1, 73%; PG2, 22%; CG1, 3.45 ± 3.84; and CG2, 0.66 ± 1.57. Conclusion: Participating in the program positively impacted the infants’ oral health.