bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cement Content on the Behavior of Dune Sand-Cement Admixtures
Authors: Santos Olavo Francisco , Lopes Francisco , Costa Yuri Daniel Jatoba , Costa Carina  Maia Lins
Published: November 2013

The dune sands of the coast of Rio Grande do Norte State, northeastern Brazil, have serious engineering problems, namely low bearing capacity for shallow foundations and are not suitable as material for sub-base and road base. The use of this material in engineering practice needs improvement of their geotechnical properties. This paper investigates the effect of adding Portland cement to stabilize dune sand from the region of Natal, Brazil. Undrained triaxial tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of cement content on the geotechnical behaviour of dune sand-cement admixtures. Tests with admixtures with cement contents of 2.5, 5 and 10% of the dry mass of soil were carried out. Results showed that soil cohesion increased with increasing cement content. The friction angle of the admixtures was lower than that of the uncemented sand for cement content of 2.5 and 5% while It was larger than that of the uncemented sand for cement content of 10%.
Study on Thawing Settlement and its Influenced Factors of Embankment in Seasonal Frost Area
Authors: Peng Li Yun , Liu Jian Kun , Tian Ya Hu
Published: November 2013

Frost heaving and thawing settlement were the common diseases in seasonal frost area. In order to study the influenced factors of the subgrade thawing settlement, a series investigation were done on the subgrade of the Beijing-Baotou-Lanzhou railway line at the Chasuqi and Wulate qianqi sections from January to June. It was found that thawing settlement existed in embankment had great influence on the safety of subgrad running. This was less influenced by the even settlement, but was dangerous under the uneven state because of the track irregularity and its divorce from the ballast. The main factors affected the embankment thawing settlement included soil composition, water content and kind, environment temperature and the loading on soil. The larger thawing settlement would observed in the soil with large amount of silt particle, at the regions of low underground water level, with the kind of salt sensitive to frozen, at the atmosphere of the higher negative temperature sustaining a long time.
Stability Analysis for Coupling Hydraulic-Mechanical Unsaturated Deposit Body under Rainfall Infiltration
Authors: Ren Qiang
Published: November 2013

In view of the deficiency of traditional saturated soil theory analyzing seepage and stability of slope under rainfall infiltration, based on the saturated-unsaturated flow theory, considering the mechanical behavior of slope which strongly coupled with flow behavior, the hydraulic-mechanical coupled finite element method on the case of rainfall induced instability in deposit body in Front of gushui Dam are used. The safety factor is calculated based on stress field obtained from the finite element method, with modified unsaturated Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The influences of rainfall duration and rainfall intensity to stability of deposit body are analyzed; the difference between calculated safety factor based on unsaturated flow theory and saturated flow theory is discussed.
Settlement Calculation and Analysis of the Southwest Airport High Fills Settlement
Authors: Yang Hua , Xu Bin
Published: November 2013

This paper,according to the airport high fill measured data of Settlement, the filling height of not more than filling half the width of the settlement,is divided into central uniform settlement area and boundary affected zone; Central uniform settlement area can be regarded as one-dimensional compression state, layered summation method to calculate the theoretical final settlement value; then, according to the settlement data, using the hyperbolic method, exponential curve method to predict the final settlement, compared with the theoretical sedimentation value, thrust reversers experience in the specification formula coefficient, the ratio is the sedimentation coefficient of experience. The empirical coeffcient is 0.49~0.92.
Analysis and Research about the Influence of Round Gravel Soil Distribution Situation on Water Stop Curtain Construction
Authors: Feng Chun Lei , Wang Dong , Chen Jie
Published: November 2013

During the round gravel layer for water stop curtain construction,the failure of water curtain frequently occur.In this paper it points at the actual situation about the round gravel layer,based on the round gravel soil and similar river sand screening experiment,then according to the grading of soil conditions and other related data of the experimental results,it analyses the influence of round gravel soil distribution situation on underground engineering pile.
Numerical Simulation of the Stability of Added Lime Expansive Soils Embankment
Authors: You Qi Yong
Published: November 2013

The main reason of expansive soil embankment slope landslide is the infiltration of rainwater. Analyzing engineering characteristics and failure mechanism of expansive soil embankment slope, considering the force of expansion under the infiltration of rainwater, and choosing the appropriate constitutive model, simulate expansive soil embankment slope under humidification state. According different conditions of the expansive soil and different depth of infiltration, and simplifying the swelling force, establish a simple and reasonable model of expansion force changes. Expansive soil embankment slope stability is mainly affected by the moisture of expansive soil slope after analyzing the calculation results. The safety of expansive soil slope after immersion in rainwater decreases significantly. It shows designers should choose reasonable slope ratio and consider the embankment slope protection and drainage measures.
The Comparation Study of Strength Properties for Intact Loess and Remolded Loess
Authors: Yuan Kang Feng , Zhang Long , Guo Hua
Published: November 2013

At present, the research is not enough for the correlation of structure and stress-strain characters in domestic.The paper aims how the change of water content and confining pressure influence the stress-strain characters of intact loess and remolded loess by consolidated drained triaxial shear test for the Shanxi loess.The results showed that: the intact loess have structure, and the strength of intact loess is larger than remolded loess in the same condition. With the increasing of water content or confining pressure, the stress-strain of intact loess and remolded loess will tend to coincide and the impact of structure feature for loess strength will weaken.
Workability of Ribbed Bar with Nano-Ceramic Coating
Authors: Jia-Jiunn Chiou Wang , Li Shang Long , Li Jiong , Liu Ying , Xu Guang Xin , Zhao Ming
Published: November 2013

A nanoceramic composite is proposed to coat steel rebar used in reinforced concrete with the purpose of protecting it from corroding. This is a new material in the civil engineering field. For this reason several tests have been performed over coated steel rebar with the nanoceramic composite in order to know its viability and its properties. A bending test showed that the coating is stiff, and therefore not flexible enough to bend it as a stirrup. For this reason if a bended rebar were needed, it should be bent before coating it. While the pull-out test concluded, there is no significant loss of bond strength due to the contact of the coating with the concrete. The chemical test indicated that the coating cannot bear strong alkali and acid environments, but resisted without problems under saline environments with neutral pH. Finally a cathodic disbondment test and a corrosion test were performed. These tests showed problems with the coating process because the behavior of during the execution of the test differed from the expected.
High Fill Embankment of Collapsible Loess Settlement Observation and Research
Authors: Yang Yang , Ju Yu Wen
Published: November 2013

This paper mainly introduces the characteristic of collapsible loess high fill roadbed, the observation method of collapsible loess high fill embankment settlement and measures need to be taken in construction and observation process of collapsible loess high fill embankment, through the settlement observation can be found in a timely fashion in roadbed construction process the settlement of foundation and roadbed soil. Thus it is concluded that the influence of construction process, construction method and filled soil type on the roadbed settlement. And sum up the settlement law.
The Research and Detection Practice of Geological Radar Technology
Authors: Song Jin
Published: November 2013

This document introduces basic principles of transmission in underground rock of ground penetrating radar (GPR) . Then an in-depth analysis on key parameters affecting the detection has been done, and detection resolution of radar are researched. By the technology, exploration experiments on Karst,little faults in coal seam and concealed metal drill pipe have been carried out. The results show that ground penetrating radar technology is a fast, efficient and intuitive geophysical detection technology, which provides a reliable technical means of solving the detection with close range and high precision.
Study of Correlation on Unconfined Compressive Strength between Different Soil
Authors: Zhao Xia
Published: November 2013

Take the silty clay and clay as the research object, the correlation between bulk density, moisture content, cohesion, friction angle and unconfined compressive strength was analyzed using laboratory tests, and the results showed that soil cohesion, friction angle and unconfined compressive strength with good correlation, the correlation coefficients were all above 0.9, while severe and soil moisture content and unconfined compressive strength of correlation is weak, followed by the correlation formulas of the index and unconfined compressive strength were established, these formulas can used to predict the unconfined compressive strength of soil.
Research and Calculation of Additional Stress due to Skin Friction of Y-Section Pile Considering Abnormality Effect
Authors: Wang Xin Quan , Wei Xin Jiang , Liu An Yuan , Zhang Shi Min , Ren Lian Wei
Published: November 2013

The skin friction of Y-section pile is non-uniform distributed along its inverted arch arc, the calculation of additional stress for the uniform distribution can not take the resulting deviation of actual distribution into account. Combine the function expression of non-uniform distribution model and mindlin formula to establish the calculation method of additional stress coefficient by numerical integration and analyze the influences of the parameters LRθsδ, then compare the conclusion with the uniform distribution solution and Geddes solution. Additional stress factor of non-uniform distribution model is larger than that based on uniform distribution model,the additional stress decreases with the increase of R, s, δ and increases with the increase of θ and L, and the Mechanisms of the changes coursed by these parameter are also analyzed. Some significant conclusions are obtained.
Influence of Ancient River Covering Layer Shear-Wave Velocity Variation on Plane Primary Waves
Authors: Wen Li Ping , Wu Guan Xiu , Zuo Lan Li
Published: November 2013

While using the big circle method, Fourier Bessel series expansion technique, and the coordinate conversion of Graf's addition formula, an analytical solution for the scattering of non concentric arc layered alluvial valleys subjected to plane primary waves was derived. Then the precision of the numerical result was checked up and analyzed. Finally, by using the analytic solution, the surface displacement was analyzed at different shear wave velocity of covering layer. The analysis results show that shear wave velocity change has little effect on the crest value of displacement at lower frequency incidence, however the influence becomes significant with the increase of incident frequency. In general, lower the shear wave velocity is, higher the crest value of displacement will be. Compared with the existing conclusions, the covering thickness variation has little effect on the influence of shear wave velocity change on the scattering of elastic waves.
The Reaction Degree Analysis of Fly Ash in the Cement-Peat Soil
Authors: Yang Hua , Xu Bin
Published: November 2013

Peat soil, (peat and peat soil) has high organic matter content, large void ratio, high natural water content, low shear strength, compressibility, strong characteristics, is a kind of special soil is very weak. But with the development of national economy, the peat soil and engineering construction is more and more close, especially for Kunming area, huge number of peat soil. So the way is very necessary to strengthen the peat soil.Based on typical engineering geological characteristics of peat soil in Kunming region, by adding fly ash, cement to verify the superiority to improve the performance of peat soil strength. Dissolution method is used to determine the degree of reaction of fly ash, peat soil is studied in the degree of reaction of fly ash and admixture, the relationship between parameters such as age, and the correlation model was established;
Development of a Rheology Analogical Material for Time-Based Rock Masses
Authors: Chen Xu Guang , Mei Yu , Zhang Xin , Chen Qiang
Published: November 2013

The paper presents the development of a similar material to simulate the soft rock type in engineering, especially the time-depending behavior. The iron, barite and cement are selected to be the aggregate and the solution of rosin is selected as the glue. To improve the plasticity and rheology behavior, chlorinated paraffin was added, too. Laboratory test was carried by construct the specimens using a mould. The uniaxial complex modulus test and indirect tensile strength test were performed to obtain the basic mechanical behavior. And the rheology test was carried by a self-developed rheology test machine to research on the time-depending behavior. By laboratory test, the influence of the each component on the mechanical behavior was determined. Results show that the effects of component ratio and solution thickness on the material mechanical behavior. The rheology behavior was especially well simulated by the similar material developed.
Simultaneous Adsorption of Oxytetracycline and Copper(II) onto Loess Soil: Kinetics Properties and the Effects of pH
Authors: Liu Ting , Chang Bing , Ma Chao
Published: November 2013

Oxytetracline (OTC) is a widely-used antibiotic, which could transport into aqueous and soil systems. The coexistence of heavy metals, such as copper (II) [Cu (II)], may change the adsorption behaviors of OTC onto soils. This study investigated the simultaneous adsorption behaviors of OTC Cu (II) onto loess soil, which is ubiquitous in the northwest of China. The kinetics experiments were conducted in single and binary systems for OTC and Cu, and the results showed that the kinetics data of both OTC and Cu could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-model model. The co-adsorption might increase the adsorption rate of both OTC and Cu. However, the effects of the complexation of OTC and Cu (II) on their adsorption amounts onto loess soil were quite different. The presence of Cu (II) could increase the uptake of OTC from pH 3.0 to 10.0. By contrast, the coexistence of OTC would decrease the uptake of Cu (II), especially at pH > 5.0. Hence, it is proposed that the migration of OTC might be slowed down by the coexistence of Cu (II), whereas the transportation of Cu (II) would be accelerated by the presence of OTC.
Experimental Study on Shear Strength of Root-Soil Composite of Different Grass and Shrub Plants in Three Gorges Reservoir Region
Authors: Hu Mo Zhen , Xia Zhen Yao , Yang Yue Shu , Deng Li , Xu Xiao Pei
Published: November 2013

This paper discusses the relationship between shear strength of soil-root composite and root content of different plant species. The direct shear test of root - soil composite was made by grass and shrub plants -- alfalfa, Indigofera amblyatha, cynodon dactylon and purple soil .That how plant root system can improve the soil shear strength was analyzed. The results show that the shear strength of reinforced soil is increased. When the same plant root-soil composite is under the same root content, the shear strength is enhanced with the increase of normal stress. The peak value of shear strength appears in 0.4 - 0.5g per 60 cubic centimeter.
Preliminary Study on Microscopic Mechanism of Stress-Induced Anisotropy for Coarse-Grained Soil
Authors: Zhang Kun Yong , Luo Xing Jun
Published: November 2013

To study the microscopic mechanism of stress-induced anisotropy for coarse-grained soil, with PFC(particle flow code) numerical simulation method, many planar biaxial test samples composed of regular disk particles or irregular clump particles were prepared, different initial stress states were given, and equal stress increment was applied on different directions. Then, initial elastic modulus and stress-induced anisotropy property were got, and analysis of its microscopic mechanism of stress-induced anisotropy was given. Results shows, the stress-induced anisotropy of coarse-grained soil occurs under the interaction of internal irregular microscopic structure and external non-isotropic stress.
Effect of Spatial Uncertainty of Unsaturated Zone Permeability Coefficient on Cl- Migration
Authors: Wang Yue Ying , Li Xiang , Xi Bei Dou , Bai Shun Guo , Li Ming Xiao , Li Juan
Published: November 2013

In order to study the effect of spatial uncertainty of soil parameter in unsaturated zone on contaminant migration, Permeability coefficient was chosen as a typical soil parameter to be researched. Bayesian method was used to deal with permeability coefficients and Monte-Carlo method was used to simulate spatial uncertainty of permeability coefficients. Numerical model of HYDRUS-1D was used to simulate the contaminant migration in the unsaturated zone taking spatial uncertainty of permeability coefficient into account. And Cl-was chosen as the contamination. The result was that: The distribution of contamination concentration presented a significant uncertainty, and compared with the case of ignoring spatial uncertainty of permeability coefficients in unsaturated zone, it is closer to the actual situation. Meanwhile, a suggestion about the value of initial concentration in numerical simulation of groundwater is given combining the results.
Effect of Oxidant on the Leaching Rate of Indium from Water Quenching Slag
Authors: Yang Li Jiao , Chen Si , Zhang Yan , Chen Nan Chun , Gao Jun , Lang Yao Xiu , Qi Ming
Published: November 2013

Extracting indium from water quenching slag, which contains poor indium, by two process of leaching, the effect of different oxidants and dosages on the leaching rate of indium in water quenching slag were studied. The leaching conditions: temperature 80 °C, leaching time 2 h, the liquid to solid ratio of neutral leaching 8︰1, the liquid to solid ratio of acid leaching 2︰1, initial concentration of sulfuric acid 500 g·L-1, adding different oxidants, the concentration was detected by crystal violet spectrophotometry. Test results showed that the leaching rate of indium was significantly improved by adding hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate. Compared with the effect of different oxidants, the effect of potassium permanganate was significantly higher than that of hydrogen peroxide on the leaching rate of indium.
Characterization of MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica Supported 2-Carboxyethyl Phenyl Phosphinic Acid
Authors: Han Zhi Dong , Xu Feng , Jiang Li , Jiang Zheng Quan , Wang Peng
Published: November 2013

MCM-41 mesoporous silica was prepared by hydrothermal method. 2-carboxyethyl phenyl phosphinic acid (CEPPA) was loaded on MCM-41 by solution method. The structure of MCM-41 and its supported CEPPA was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results revealed that CEPPA was successfully loaded on MCM-41 with Si/P molar ratio of about 20:1. The XRD spectrum of MCM-41 supported CEPPA was different from MCM-41, indicating the structure of MCM-41 was changed after loading of CEPPA. CEPPA molecule moved into the mesoporous structure and filled in the mesopores, leading to the disappearance of characteristic diffraction peaks of MCM-41. The interaction between hydroxyl group of CEPPA and silanol of MCM-41 made it stable for CEPPA to be in the mesopores and on the surface of MCM-41. MCM-41 supported CEPPA also showed the similar mesoporous structure with long-range order to MCM-41 when observed by TEM. SEM provided further evidences of the similar particle size and different morphology.
Mechanical Behavior and Failure Patterns of SMA Structural Functional Materials
Authors: Zhu Huai Liang , Yu Li Feng , Liang Si Hui , Ni Chao Qun
Published: November 2013

This paper presents an approach to investigate the mechanical properties and failure patterns of shape memory alloy (SMA) by experimental methods. Tests were carried out under the conditions of uniaxial tension, cycling loading and impact-tension respectively. The mechanical behaviors of NiTi SMA such as the relationship of stress-stain, super-elasticity, high damping, energy dissipation and tension-shock toughness are discussed in detail. In addition, the destroy patterns of SMA materials are analyzed for varying condition of testing. Whether ductile failure or brittle fracture is decided to do much with the testing styles and strain rate of materials. It is shown that with the large restoring deformation, higher energy dissipation factor and tension-shock toughness, so NiTi SMA structural functional materials are very suitable for vibration control in engineering.
Progress in Surface Corrosion-Resistance Coatings of Titanium and its Alloys
Authors: Yu Hui Jun , Yang Han , Chen Chuan Zhong
Published: November 2013

Titanium and its alloys are widely used in the fields of chemistry, aerospace, biomedicine, automobile manufacturing, ship industry, and so on, due to the properties of light weight, high strength, high thermal stability and corrosion resistance. However, the shortcomings of Titanium and its alloys are prominent as well, such as unsatisfactory corrosion resistance in reducing acid, insufficient wear resistance and serious oxidation at high temperature. Surface modification can solve the problems effectively. In this paper, the recent researches of some surface modification techniques such as plasma spraying, surface alloying, magnetron sputtering and vacuum depositing to improve the corrosion resistant of titanium and its alloys are summarized. The characteristics of structures and properties of the coatings are introduced. And the future prospect of further investigations is presented.
Influence of Process Parameters on Corrosion Resistance of Ceramic Layer Prepared by Micro Arc Oxidation on Aluminum Alloy 6061
Authors: Niu Zong Wei , Wei Xiu Ting , Li Zhi Yong , Li Li , Liu Hong Fu
Published: November 2013

Alumina ceramics film which has high hardness, wear resistance and erosion resistance can be obtained using micro arc oxidation on the surface of aluminum alloy. The process parameters have great influence on the corrosion resistance of alumina ceramics film prepared by micro arc oxidation. In this research, the alumina ceramics film was gotten using micro arc oxidation with different process parameters. The corrosion resistance of ceramics coating prepared by micro arc oxidation on the surface of aluminum alloy was investigated by putting the samples into sodium chloride solution of the concentration 3.5%.The influence regularity of process parameters such as current density, impulse frequency, duty ratio and process time on the corrosion resistance of alumina ceramics film was researched. This can provide basis for the optimization of process parameters.
Effects of High Temperature Treatment on Thermal Cyclic Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Zhang Dong Bo
Published: November 2013

Ni3Al based alloy IC10 has been developed for turbine blades and vanes of advanced aero-engines and other high temperature structural components. Conventional two-layered structure thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were produced by EB-PVD onto Ni-based superalloy. The thickness of bond coat and top coat was approximately 60μm and 120μm, respectively. After thermal barrier coatings were produced, it was heated at 1523K for 2hs, 6hs, 14hs and 20hs under 1×10-2Pa, respectively. After heat treatment was done, the thermal cyclic test was carried out by exposure to air at 1373K for 0.5h, and then cooled to room temperature within 5 minutes by forced air cooling. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the microstructure of the coatings. After thermal cycled in air at 1373K for TBCs without heat treatment at 1523K, its lifetime is about 810 hours. After 760hs thermal cycles, the spallation occurred on the TBCs that the heat treatment was treated at 1523K for 2hs. The lifetime of TBCs, which the heat treatment was treated at 1523K for 6hs, was 710hs. The lifetime of TBCs, which the heat treatment was treated at 1523K for 14hs and 20hs, was 600hs and 560hs, respectively. The results showed that, with the increasing of the time of heat treatment, the weight gain increased evidently during thermal cycled. The results showed that heat treatment at 1523K affect the lifetime of TBCs during thermal cyclic evidently.
Effect of Temperature on Structure and Mechanical Properties of CrN Coatings Deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zhang Hao , Duo Shu Wang , Xu Xiang Min , Liu Ting Zhi
Published: November 2013

CrN coatings were fabricated by Closed Filed Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUMS). The effect of substrate temperature (TS) on phase components, morphologies and mechanical properties of CrN coatings were studied. The results show that the phase in coatings, which has little to do with TS, was the coexistence of Cr, Cr2N and CrN. The grain shape of the columnar crystal CrN coating was the coexistence of pyramidal and plane topography. The hardness and adhension of CrN coating first increased with the rise of temperature, then decreased when the values of both them were constant ones. It has the highest hardness and bonding strength simultaneously at 300°C.
Electrical Characterization and Microstructures of Bi4-xYxTi3O12 Ceramics
Authors: Mei X.A. , Chen M. , Huang C.Q. , Liu R.F.
Published: November 2013

Y-doped bismuth titanate (Bi4-xYxTi3O12: BYT) and pure Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) ceramics with random orientation were fabricated by a conventional electroceramic technique. These samples had polycrystalline Bi-layered perovskite structure without preferred orientation, and consisted of well developed plate-like grains with random orientation. Y-doping into BIT caused a large shift of the Curie temperature ( TC ) from 675 °C to lower temperature and a improvement in dielectric property. The experimental results indicated that Y doping into BIT also result in a remarkable improvement in ferroelectric property. The Pr and the Ec values of the BYT ceramic with x=0.75 were 20 μC/cm2 and 85 kV/cm, respectively.
Ferroelectric Characteristics of Bi4-xErxTi3O12 Ceramics
Authors: Liu Jian Guo , Mei X.A. , Chen M. , Huang C.Q.
Published: November 2013

The electrical properties of Er2O3-doped bismuth titanate,Bi4-xErxTi3O12 (BET) ceramics prepared by a conventional electroceramic technique were investigated. XRD analyses revealed Bi-layered perovskite structure in all samples. SEM micrographs showed randomly oriented and plate-like morphology. For the samples with x=0.4 and 1.0 P-E hysteresis loops were characterized by large leakage current, whereas for the samples with x=0.6 and 0.8 P-E hysteresis loops were the saturated and undistorted hysteresis loops. The remanent polarization ( Pr ) and coercive field (Ec) of the BET ceramic with x=0.8 were above 20μC/cm2 and 65KV/cm , respectively.
Ferroelectric Properties of Bismuth Titanate Ceramics by Pm3+/V5+ Substitution
Authors: Tian Fang , Mei X.A. , Chen M. , Huang C.Q.
Published: November 2013

The ferroelectricity of Bi3.25Pm0.75Ti3O12(BPT), and Bi3.25Pm0.75Ti2.97V0.03O12(BPTV) ceramics prepared at 1200°C by a conventional ceramic technique was investigated. These ceramics possess random-oriented polycrystalline structure. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BPT ceramic are 16 μC/cm2and 62kV/cm, respectively. Furthermore, V substitution improves the Prvalue of the BPT ceramic up to 25 μC/cm2which is larger than that of the BPT ceramic. Therefore, co-sustitution of Pm and V in Bi4Ti3O12(BIT) ceramic is effective for the improvement of its ferroelectricity.
Preparation and Ferroelectric Properties of Bi4-xErxTi3O12 Thin Films
Authors: Liu Jian Guo , Chen M. , Mei X.A. , Huang C.Q.
Published: November 2013

Er2O3-doped bismuth titanate (Bi4-xErxTi3O12, BET) and pure Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) thin films with random orientation were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The experimental results indicated that Er doping into BIT also result in a remarkable improvement in ferroelectric property. The Pr and the Ec values of the BET film with x=0.75 were 21 μC/cm2 and 80 kV/cm, respectively.
The Influence of ZnO Sintering Aid on Properties of BaZr1-xYxO3-δ Proton-Conducting Electrolyte
Authors: Peng Cheng , Zheng Yi Xiong
Published: November 2013

The influence of ZnO sintering aid on the structure, morphology and electrical properties of BaZr1-xYxO3-δ proton-conducting electrolyte is presented. XRD showed that all the samples mainly consisted of single-phase cubic perovskite structure. Except for BaZrO3+ 1wt% ZnO, other samples show a peak arising from a small amount of Y2O3 impurity. SEM analysis showed that all the materials have a very dense structure after being sintered at 1300 oC with ZnO sintering aid. For densified BaZr1-xYxO3-δ+ 1wt% ZnO system the ZnO addition did not lead to increase the grain size. The change of the crystal structure of BaZr1-xYxO3-δ + 1wt% ZnO system with the content of doped yttrium was investigated. The lattice parameter and unit cell volume increased sharply at x<0.2, but it was maximal and almost constant at x≥0.2. The impedance spectra for BaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ + 1wt% ZnO sample at three different temperatures were compared. With increasing temperature the resistance for mass transfer at the electrolyte-electrode interface was reduced markedly compared to that of the grain boundary.
Rheological Property of Intercalated Modification Clay
Authors: Zeng Xiong Feng , Zhang Wen Li , Zhao Ying Na
Published: November 2013

In this paper, the clay was intercalated with polyacrylic acid, and then studied the influences of intercalation on rheological property of ceramic billet. The study indicated that the intercalation changed the properties of clay interlayer domains, such as the interlayer bonding water, the content of free water and the bonding force between the layers, etc. The plasticity index of ceramic billet increased significantly when the amount of intercalation is more than 3.0 wt. The plasticity index increased from 1.09m·N to 4.19m·N when the additive is 5.0wt, increased by 383%. And also its yield strength has improved significantly, the fracture pressure increased from 100N to 600N. These phenomena indicate that the machinability of billet improved significantly.
Preparation and Optical Properties of Lanthanum Doped Ultra-Fine TiO2 Photocatalyst
Authors: Xu Jing , Jin Zhi Liang
Published: November 2013

In the experiment, the tetrabutyl titanate and lanthanum nitrate were used as raw material, lanthanum doped TiO2 powder was prepared by sol-gel method, were characterized by using XRD, UV-vis, IR to determine the crystal structure, grain size and spectral properties. The results showed that the calcination temperature is 600 °C, lanthanum doping ratio is 0.6%, the amount of catalyst is 50mg and the visible light photocatalytic degradation time at 60min, the degradation of methyl orange solution rate of 20mg/L can reach 36%. Samples with anatase as the main, in the catalyst preparation process, due to the synergistic effects of lanthanum doping, the modified TiO2 absorption band of different redshift, enhanced the catalytic activity of TiO2 visible light.
Colorimetric Characteristics of Metamerism of Yellowish Green Peridot
Authors: Tang Wei Xi , Guo Ying , Ma Li Xia
Published: November 2013

Fifty-one yellowish-green color 5mm×7mm oval faceted peridots are experimented by Color i5 to test their color parameters, and concept of metamerism is introduced into this article, to analyze the effects of color parameters on the color appearance of peridots. SPSS analysis indicates: wavelength λ has no correlation with metamerism index MI, but excitation purity Pe has significant correlation with MI (rPe×MI=0.826, 0.01), means with the increase of excitation purity, the color appearance of peridot tend to be more unsteady and change more with the illumination conversion. Simultaneously, metamerism index MI increase with increasing chromaticity C* and lightness L* (rC*×MI=0.979, rL*×MI=0.889, 0.01), means the change of color appearance increase with illumination conversion. In conclusion, when the yellowish-green of peridot is more saturate and brighter, the effect of illumination on color appearance is greater.
Effect of Second Complexing Agent of N2H4 on the Optical and Structural Properties of ZnS Thin Films
Authors: Ke Huan , Duo Shu Wang , Liu Ting Zhi , Zhang Hao , Fei Xiao Yan
Published: November 2013

ZnS films have been deposited on glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD). The optical and structural properties were analyzed by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the prepared thin films from the solution using N2H4 as second complexing agent were thicker than those from the solution without adding N2H4 in; this is due to using second complexing agent of N2H4, the deposition mechanisms change which is conductive to heterogeneous deposition. When using N2H4 as second complexing agent, the crystallinity of ZnS thin films improved with a significant peak at 2θ=28.96°which can be assigned to the (111) reflection of the sphalerite structure. The transmittances of the prepared films from the solution adding N2H4 in as second complexing agent were over 85%, compared to those from the solution without N2H4 (over 95%). The band gaps of the ZnS films from the solution using N2H4 as second complexing agent were larger (about 4.0eV) than that from those from the solution without N2H4 (about 3.98eV), which indicated that the prepared ZnS films from the solution adding N2H4 in as second complexing agent were better used as buffer layer of solar cells with adequate optical properties. In short, using N2H4 as second complexing agent, can greatly improve the optical and structural properties of the ZnS thin films.
Determination of Oxygen Content in Pervoskite-Type Cathode Coatings
Authors: Li Cheng Xin , Gao Min
Published: November 2013

In this paper, La0.75Sr0.25MnO3-δ(LSM) and La0.6Sr0.4CoO3–δ(LSCO)coatings were prepared by the atmospheric plasma spraying method andflame spraying method. Both coatings were annealedat 800 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C for 5 h, 10h, 15 h and 20 h. Oxygen content of LSM and LSCO coatings weredetermined by redox titration. It is interesting to noted that, oxygen content of LSM and LSCO coatings strongly varied with the annealing temperature andannealing time. The experimental results show that, at same annealingtemperature, oxygen vacancy decreases with the increase of annealing time. For LSM coatings, at 800 °C,the oxygen vacancy, δ, were decreased from 0.419 to 0.353, 0.310 and to 0.258 with theannealing time increased from 5 hto 10 h, 15 h and to 20 h. Under the same annealing time, oxygen vacancydecreased with increase of annealingtemperature. For LSCO coatings, the oxygen vacancy, δ, were decreased from0.698 to 0.573 and to 0.535 after annealed at 800 °C, 900°C and 1000 °C for 5 h.
Metamerism of Tanzanite Under Altered Illuminators
Authors: Ye Ma , Guo Ying
Published: November 2013

The color parameters of 19 pieces purity transparent and color uniform commercial grade tanzanites were measured by colorimeter Color i5 and this article introduces the concept of Metamerism and calculates the color quantitatively, based on CIE1976 L*a*b* uniform color space, analysis the contribution of different illuminators to the bluish-violet color of tanzanite. The change of hue-angle h0 is in contrast to the actual visual effect, this is called abnormal hue-angle change of the gemstone tanzanite; both of the contributions of lightness difference and chroma difference play the same role to the change of the color difference, form the bluish-violet of tanzanite; it is shown that Metamerism indexes (Mt) of different samples are different and the same sample’s main wavelength follows the change while illuminators altered. Therefore, while illuminators altered, the color of tanzanite samples change from blue to bluish-violet, and the Mt larger, the change of color is greater, namely, the violet hue is more clear, with the better color appearance.
A Study of the Test Method of Coating Adherence of Refractories Used in Cement Kilns
Authors: Li Yan Jing , Sun Jia Lin , Li Yong , Zhou Wei , Ma Shu Long , Ma Fei , Wang Zhi Feng , Xia Wen Bin
Published: November 2013

A layer of uniform and stable coating with a suitable thickness is needed for the hot side of refractories used in the burning zones of cement rotary kilns. The coating can protect the refractories and prolong its service life. Therefore, it is essential for the refractories used in the burning zone to form coating. In this paper, the mechanism of coating behaviour was analyzed, and the simulation of coating formation was implemented in laboratory as well, the related parameters are determined. Based on the determination of the bonding strength between the coating and the refractories, a test method of measuring coating behaviour is achieved finally.
The Durability and Damage Testing of High Performance Concrete
Authors: Li Wei Hong , Xu Ying Ying
Published: November 2013

Concrete structures are widely used in engineering structure, but because of the problem of environment and material, the durability of the concrete structure appears. This paper first states the main research content of the durability of concrete structures, then introduces the main ways to improve the durability of concrete structure. Finally it summarizes several kinds of concrete damage testing technology and characteristics, and the construction engineering testing technology is prospected.
Structural-Function Integration Optimization of Vacuum Insulation Panel in Construction Area
Authors: Jiang Liang , Bao Yi Wang , Liu Xiao Gen
Published: November 2013

Vacuum insulation panel is the one type of the insulation materials. The characteristics of this material are not only low thermal conductivity, good sound insulation, energy efficient, environmental protection but also with no ODS material. However, the inadequate mechanical properties of this material limit its application of insulation in construction . Thus, this research proposed the uses of the connection of structure and function of vacuum insulation panel in construction , and tested against its Sound Insulation Property. new construction sound insulation standards was adopted for evaluating the result of Sound Insulation Property to study the building insulation performance of the vacuum insulation composites
Investigation of Carbon Fiber Wetting Process by Wilhelmy Method and Force Analysis Method
Authors: Wang Hui , Huang Ji Zhi , Yin Xiang Gang , Wei Feng
Published: November 2013

Carbon fiber dynamic wetting measurement system is established based on DCAT 21 tensiometer. The same carbon fiber wetting property are measured by Wilhelmy method and based on force analysis method, which obtained the contact angle is 78.15°and 81°respectively. The results show that complicated preparation exists on the Wilhelmy method, as well as soft fiber is not suitable by this process. However, force analysis method can solve this problem, measuring speed of this method is quickly and applicable. Keywords: contact angle; Wilhelmy method; carbon fiber; wetting; force analysis method
Preparation and Development of Bioglass by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Chen Chuan Zhong , Meng Xiang Guo , Yu Hui Jun , Yang Han , He Ting , Wang Dian Gang , Zhao Shi Gui
Published: November 2013

Bioglass is a good bioactive material and has been used in many medical fields, include drug delivery systems, non-load-bearing implants and bone cements. Sol-gel is a good method in the preparation of coating materials. It also can be used in the preparation of bioactive glass. In this paper, the principles and technical processes are introduced. The effects on characteristics of bioactive glasses of the factors such as H2O dosage, ethanol dosage, gel temperature and activator are analyzed in detail. The research progress in preparation of sol-gel bioactive glasses is summarized. Finally the development foreground of sol-gel bioglass is also expected.
Application of Clustering Analysis and Discriminant Analysis on Quality Grade Evaluation of Jadeite-Jades’ Green Color
Authors: Wang Huan , Guo Ying , Du Hong Mei
Published: November 2013

Based on CIE1976 L*a*b* uniform color space, 381 jadeite-jades’ green color were measured by Color i5 spectrophotometer. By applying clustering analysis and discriminant analysis, a classifying and grading function model of jadeite-jades’ green color is tried to be established according to L*, a* and b* variable factors. The results showed that jadeite-jades’ green color were divided well into six categories by K-Means clustering analysis, and ANOVA showed L*, a* and b* values among various categories were significantly different (all p <0.01). The green color of Category 5 with moderate brightness and high chroma outperformed the others, followed by Category 3. The green color of Category 2 with higher brightness and chroma was appraised to be better than the deep green color of Category 3. Dark green of Category 4 and faint green of Category 6 were in the minimum level of the quality. A linear discriminant function model of the six categories of jadeite-jades’ green color was established by Fisher discriminant analysis, which had excellent performance of discriminant with the model checking accuracy of 95.80%.It is concluded that the method of color measurement used by Color i5 spectrophotometer combined with clustering analysis and discriminant analysis offers an efficient, reasonable and feasible approach to the fast classifying and quality grading evaluation of jadeite-jades’ green color.
Study on Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-CaO-P2O5-F System Glass-Ceramics
Authors: Xiao Yan Na , Zhang Ming Shun , Zhang Wen Li , Jin Jian Guo
Published: November 2013

This paper studied the Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-CaO-P2O5-F glass-ceramics and obtained the complex biological glass-ceramics with low sintering temperature, high mechanical properties and good biological activity. In this paper, the better basic point was selected in phase region of Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 glass system. It was studied that the effect of different percent of CaO, P2O5 and F addition on the mechanical properties and biological activity of the glass-ceramics. The glass powder was prepared by melting and quenching in water, and then by molding and sintering, composite glass-ceramics materials was obtained. With the help of DSC, XRD and SEM analysis methods and testing means, the phases and heat treatment systems of the material were determined, and the microstructure of materials in the different heat treatment conditions was observed. The biological activity was tested in SBF simulated body fluid . Research shows that: the introduction of F can effectively reduce the melting temperature of the material and is helpful to crystallization. The introduction amount of CaO, P2O5 and F can affect the biological activity of glass-ceramics. In the range of introducing CaO, P2O5 and F in this paper, the mechanical properties and biological activity of glass-ceramics increase with the amount of the introduction of CaO, P2O5 and F.
Pore Structure Analysis on Hardened Paste of CaO-Al2O3-P2O5 Cement
Authors: Wang Xiao Dong , Ding Zhu , Dong Bi Qin , Zhang Ming
Published: November 2013

CaO-Al2O3-P2O5cementitious material (PAC) is a type of new developed hydraulic cement, which has excellent cementitious performance and mechanical property. In cement based materials, the pore structure of hardened cement paste has a significant effect on their performance, such like strength, permeability and durability. In the current paper, pore structure parameters of hardened PAC paste samples in five different curing stages were measured respectively by MIP (Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry). The pore fractal features (pore volume, pore area, porosity) were investigated with fractal theory. Results showed that the porosity of hardened PAC paste does not exactly decline with elongation of curing age and increase of compression strength. The PAC pastes pore structures have typical fractal nature which changes with curing age and pore diameter distribution. The fractal feather of hardened PAC paste can be effectively understood by using porosity fractal dimension.
Microstructures and Properties of TiC-TiB2 Composites Prepared by Combustion Synthesis in Enhanced High-Gravity Field
Authors: Song Qi , Zhao Zhong Min , Zhang Long , Huang Xue Gang
Published: November 2013

By taking combustion synthesis in enhanced high gravity field with increasing acceleration from 500 g to 2500 g at intervals of 500 g, a series of TiC-66.7 mol%TiB2composites were prepared through liquid forming and rapid solidification. The ceramics were composed of TiB2primary phases, TiC secondary phases and a few of Al2O3inclusion and Cr metallic phases. Increasing high gravity acceleration not only promoted the combustion mode transfer from steady SHS mode to explosive one through enhancing the deposition of liquid product toward unreacted blend, but also accelerated liquid-liquid separation of TiC-TiB2/ Al2O3droplets and subsequent formation of layered melt through enhancing Stokes flow in mixed liquid products, thereby reducing sharply Al2O3inclusions and shrinkage cavities in solidified TiC-TiB2composite. Meanwhile, the enhanced Stokes flow brought about constitutional uniformity through enhancing atomic diffusion in TiC-TiB2liquid, not only refining the microstructure of the solidified ceramic, but also improving the homogeneity of the ceramic by inducing TiB2primary phases to grow at similar velocity. As a result, hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composite increased greatly in enhanced high-gravity field.
Congenital Oligomeganephronia: Computed Tomography Appearance
Authors: Hopkins Katharine , Mowry Jeanne , Houghton Donald
Published: November 2013

We report a case of congenital oligomeganephronia unexpectedly imaged with computed tomography (CT). Oligomeganephronia is a form of renal hypoplasia that leads to renal failure in childhood or adolescence. If encountered, its CT features should suggest the diagnosis and prompt renal biopsy.