bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Simultaneous Total Knee Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients with Severe Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: KC Kapil Mani , RC Dirgha Raj , Marahatta Suman Babu , Niroula Ankit
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty is one of the most successful orthopedic surgeries performed in recent decades. However, there are controversies regarding the simultaneous or staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to find the prevalence of bilateral total knee arthroplasty in elderly patients among severe osteoarthritis of knee joints in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from hospital records of 2015 to 2019 in elderly patients with severe osteoarthritis in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Ethical clearance (20/2020) was taken from Institutional Review Board. Convenience sampling was used and statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 16.0). Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Out of 1200 patients with severe osteoarthritis, the prevalence of bilateral total knee arthroplasty was found to be 80 (6.67%) (95% Confidence Interval = 6.60-6.74). The mean Knee Society Score was 36±3.70 preoperatively. There were 21 (26.2%) patients having hypertension, 17 (21.2%) diabetes mellitus, 14 (17.5%) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 7 (8.7%) coronary artery disease.
Conclusions: Bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty was required in less patients with severe osteoarthritis of knee joints. Bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty is safe, convenient, effective with early functional recovery, higher patient satisfaction and cost effective with acceptable cardiac, pulmonary and neurological complications in properly selected patients.
Length of Stay in the Emergency Department during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Singh Suraj , Koirala Bibek , Thami Rabin , Thapa Anupama , Thapa Bijay , Kayastha Anuj , Dahal Priyanka
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Emergency Department overcrowding has become worsening problem internationally which may affect patient, emergency department efficiency and quality of care and this may lead to increased risk of in hospital mortality, higher costs, medical errors and longer times to treatment. With this pandemic COVID-19 likely to go on for months, if not a year or longer, the Emergency Department should be prepared for large influx of patients infected with COVID-19. The aim of this study is to find-out the length of stay in emergency department during COVID-19 pandemic at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Emergency Department of Kanti Children’s Hospital. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional review committee Kanti Children’s Hospital. Data collection was done from the emergency records from July 23, 2020 to July 29, 2020. The calculated sample size was 211. The data thus obtained was entered in Statistical Package for the Social Science software version 20 and necessary calculations were done.
Results: The median length of stay in emergency department was found to be 1.75 hours (Interquartile range 0 to 30 hours).
Conclusions: Definitive management starts in respective wards and Intensive Care Units. During COVID-19, with longer emergency stay, chances of cross-infection increases, and the health workers serving in emergency department will be at risks. So guidelines for shorter emergency stay should be implemented.
FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE REGION: SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT
Authors:   Khmelnitsky Cooperative Trade and Economic Institute, NIKOLCHUK Y.
Published: May 2021

Ensuring financial security at all levels of government is an important task for many countries, including Ukraine. It is impossible to solve the economic problems facing the country, region and enterprise without providing them with financial security. This task is becoming a particular priority in the face of instability and financial crisis. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theoretical provisions on the essence of financial security of the regions, to identify its main components and areas of support. The article presents the interpretation of the concept of the region in the framework of different approaches of scientists. The most important blocks of the structure of economic security of the region are revealed: financial independence, stability and stability of the regional economy, ability to self-development and progress. The main approaches to the essence of the concept of “financial security” are systematized, the essence of the concept of “financial security system of the region” is considered. The principles of economic security of the region are given: general, namely: complexity, system, variability (alternatives), the principle of coordination (coordination) of relations and relations of all elements of economic security of the region, the principle of specialization elements (separation of functions and operations performed by elements). Based on the obtained results, the directions of strengthening the financial security of the region are proposed. In the current conditions of economic development of Ukraine, first of all it is necessary to move in the direction of improving the system of financial security, namely: establishing the boundaries of foreign participation in the capital of domestic organizations; introduce industry restrictions; development of effective control systems for attracting and using foreign borrowings. We believe that the country’s financial security system should ensure the solution of the following tasks: creating a full-fledged national currency and maintaining it in a stable and competitive state; saturation of the economy and the market with money supply in the amount necessary for their full functioning and development; creation of conditions provide intensive formation of competitive national financial capital denominated in national currency; ensuring financial parity with Ukraine’s main competitors in the medium term.
MODERN TRENDS IN SALARY DIFFERENTIATION BY TYPE OF ECONOMIC BRANCHES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, ILYENKO A. , CHUB O. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the research topic is related to the object of research (wages), which is a source for simple and extended reproduction for the economically active population. In the conditions of constant economic crises, world pandemic, high level of unemployment, preservation of one’s own labor potential, preservation of the opportunity to work and survive in a state of the future uncertainty becomes very important. As a result, there is a need to study the differentiation of wages in Ukraine through the prism of dynamics, the study of the situation in economic branches, which produce innovative products and perform the state social functions (protection, education, health care, etc.). In this article was analyzed the disparities in wages from the highest paid industries to the lowest paid industries, was researched the state of disparities in economic branch wages. The study of statistical data is revealed the following latest trends: 1) wage differentiation by type of economic branch has average indicators: in 2019, it is 4.56 times, which is equal to 2010. There has been a significant decline from 8.76 times (2016) to 4.56(2019) due to the crisis ; 2) the basic law of connection between growth of a salary and productivity is broken; 3) the most wage level in types of economic branches from 2015 to 2019 are: financial and insurance; information and telecommunications; professional, scientific and technical; public administration and defense, compulsory social insurance; transport; wholesale and retail trade; industry; construction; 4) construction has the highest rate of decline (-0.14) of the average monthly salary, which shows the delayed demand for construction, the lack of reserves in the middle class for investment in housing; 5) a high level of average monthly wages by subspecies of the processing industry is observed in the subsectors, which are characterized by one of the features export-oriented, create an innovative product or product / service that meet the priority customer needs ; 6) the lowest salary for the average level in Ukraine by types of economic branches are: agriculture, forestry and fisheries; temporary accommodation and catering; real estate transaction; activities in the field of administrative and support services; education; health care and social assistance; arts, sports, entertainment and recreation; provision of other service types due to the following reasons: seasonality of service provision, economic crisis, state ownership of enterprises (the state is the employer), etc.
FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Vasyl’s Stus Donetsk National University, LAKTIONOVA O. , KOVAL V. ,   Odesa Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, SLOBODIANIUK O. ,   Odesa Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, PRYSTUPA L. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: May 2021

The article presents a strategic approach to the formation of financial sustainability of higher education institutions (HEIs), aimed at its development. It is determined that financial sustainability in the context of the strategy of the development is provided by the current solvency, as well as the created financial space, which contains two interrelated components: current (operational) financial space as financial opportunities created by exceeding the university income (for functioning), as well as strategic financial space as financial opportunities created by exceeding the income of the university its necessary expanses for the development. The indicators of financial stability have presented, which are taken into account during the financial management and setting appropriate strategic objectives that allows to assess the gap between the declared goals of the development strategy and financial opportunities, to make decisions about the optimization of operating and investment activities of HEI.It is proposed that operating financial space is also evaluated on the basis of its characteristics, such as: diversification of funding sources and revenues, their stability and flexibility of use. To maintain the financial sustainability of the university, it is also important to increase the profitability of educational programs and educational activities. It is justified that profitability maintains the financial sustainability of the HEI, thatmakes the increasing the profitability of educational programs and educational activities an impotent issue of financial management. Margin of safety in the income of the special fund from the main activity relative to the break-even point by the number of students of the university (faculty) one of the crucial profitability indicator, that requires appropriate managerial accounting system.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF CONCEPTUALIZATION OF MODERN VIEWS ON THE DEFINITION OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, VIVCHAR О.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the essential characteristics of economic security enterprises, as well as the formation of main criteria for assessing its reliability and efficiency in modern transformational conditions. Methods. To solve this scientific problem used: structural method – to build the structure of the article; comparative analysis empirical data – to pose the problem and study the object of study; abstract-logical generalization – to justify clarifications of scientific concepts of economic-mathematical model. The Results. A comprehensive study of essential and substantive characteristics the economic security of enterprises in modern market conditions. Scientific novelty. The author’s vision the scientific definition of economic security at enterprises is offered, which, in contrast the existing ones, allowed to identify the preventive nature with the selection of criteria for assessing its reliability and efficiency: ensuring stable operation of enterprises, preservation and increase of finances and material values; sustainable development, preservation and increase of material values the enterprise, high level of competitiveness production; use of innovative technologies in production activities; inviolability of commercial information and all resources; timely prevention of crisis situations and neutralization of negative factors affecting the activities of the enterprise. The practical significance. The main provisions of the scientific article will provide an opportunity to apply in practice the indicators of effectiveness the economic security of enterprises.
INTER-COUNTRY COMPARISONS OF THE PRACTICE OF FUNDAMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES’ REGULATION
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, LEVCHENKO O. , AL-GHAZALI A. ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: May 2021

The article provides and analyzes statistical data of inter-country comparisons of features of the use of alternative forms and national models of the complex organizational and economic mechanism of regulation by fundamental scientific researches (FSR). The effectiveness of the costs for achieving the goals of improving the level and quality of satisfaction of society’s life needs by means of purposeful activity on the formation of a dynamic science and technology-natural complex of basic knowledge with autonomous laws of functioning and self-regulation by means of consistent activation, scale-up and maximum universalization of practice-transforming activities on the formation of a scientific worldview on a solid structure of nature, society and thinking is monitored. The connection between the use of alternative forms and levers of regulation of the FSR and the results of the formation of subject content of fundamental scientific knowledge is investigated, an attempt is made to quantify the success of the use of scientific criteria for assessing the level of FSR efficiency, based on the sequence of the passage of individual stages of the Mayevic cycle of formation of new knowledge in the course of solving partial cognitive problems of the development of fundamental scientific theories. The thesis is that the volumes and directions of investment in the FSR are determined by the economic potential of the national economy, and some individual aspects of the deployment of the organizational and economic mechanism of regulation of the process – by national peculiarities of the implementation of social policy of the transition from the industrial to the post-industrial model of the economy, the characteristic features of which are the degree of influence of the state on its formation, types of basic social processes, political and ideological direction of forms of public regulation of the social sector, the level of development of the national innovation system, proportions of final consumption in the structure of the inter-sectoral balance of the national economy, the level of stakeholder engagement in managing the social sphere of the economy, etc.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORPORATE CULTURE OF OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Kinash I. , Stankovska I. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas
Published: May 2021

The article reveals the peculiarities of the development of corporate culture on the enterprises of oil and gas industry. Theoretical analysis of the essence of corporate culture is carried out. The concept of “corporate culture” is proposed as a set of material and spiritual elements that reveal the hidden human potential and unite people in achieving the valuе of the enterprise. The emphasis was made on modern principles of corporate culture that take place in the activities of enterprises. The factors limiting the formation of corporate culture are generalized. Among them the main factors are: frivolity in the formation of corporate culture and compliance it elements with the codex of corporate culture; neglect of the main elements of corporate culture when choosing a leadership style; ineffective staff assessment; unwillingness of managers and their subordinates to innovate, namely in situations that require adaptation to change. The general characteristic of a state of corporate culture at the enterprises of group «Naftogaz of Ukraine» is presented. Challenges of enterprises in the context of the emergence of new norms in the energy market, namely energy prices, distribution of the gas transmission system managed by an independent operator, the introduction of the gas market for household consumers have been considered. Methods of their incorporation into enterprise policy the by revision of corporate codex of the enterprises are offered. It is determined that to ensure the successful operation of enterprises, management must considers not only the external environment, but also internal – needs of employees who encourage them to innovate. The author gives arguments on the use of corporate culture tools in oil and gas companies of Ukraine, which can be considered as a driver of improving their efficiency.
FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF INVESTMENT INDICATORS IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Honchar K. , Romanova O. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: May 2021

The economic situation of our state requires adequate decisions on the direction of investment processes to achieve a positive economic and social effect. Making sound management decisions is impossible in the case of distorted information about economic, including investment activities of the enterprise. Topical issues of information on investments in the reporting of construction companies were investigated The article presents the results of a study on the issue of disclosure in the reporting of construction companies of information on investments in scientific and practical publications of Ukraine for 2006-2020. As a result, we concluded that this issue remains unresolved and therefore is relevant. The purpose of this article was to systematize and summarize the results of research on accounting issues to disclose information about investments to improve the system of indicators of financial reporting on investment activities of economic entities in the construction industry. The article proposes to reflect the costs of staff development, modernization and implementation of new information systems in accounting and financial reporting as part of intangible assets under the following conditions: potential benefits, availability of control and the possibility of monetary measurement. Recommendations for improving the accounting and analytical support of management of construction companies with information about the volume of capital investments and sources of their financing are provided.
ON INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY FIRM’S MARKET POLICY ON OPTIMIZATION OF ITS ORDERING POLICY WITHIN SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors:   Odesa National Polytechnic University, KLEPIKOVA O.
Published: May 2021

As is known, the problem of determining economically justified volumes of supplies in the theory and practice of logistics management plays a key role in ensuring the efficient operation of both individual enterprises and supply chains. Logistics, which is the science of effective management of material, information and financial flows in the field of production and circulation, is closely related to such sections of operations research as mathematical programming, inventory management theory, schedule theory, queuing theory and more. Many tasks of logistics are directly related to the optimal management of stocks of raw materials, semi-finished and finished products, as well as the construction of an optimal schedule for delivery of finished products to points of consumption with the participation of trunk transport. Thus, since the issues of optimal inventory management are of paramount importance in logistics, it means the importance of inventory theory in the design and operation of various logistics systems. The article is devoted to substantiation of expediency and efficiency of additional costs of a supply firm for advertisement with the aim to its profit increasing on the fixed planning horizon under supposition that the expected demand at point of destination may be controlled by firm. For this problem solving the modification of classical Wilson’s model from inventory control theory is used to maximize the total profit of firm for sailing the good, taking into account ordering, delivery and storage of good costs on the planning horizon and additional cost for advertisement of good. It is assumed that buying/sailing prices of good are known, as well as daily expenses for storage of good at warehouse. It is supposed also that demand for the good is an increasing function of advertisement costs. The case of linear dependence of demand on advertisement cost is studied in details. For this particular case the optimal value of ordering party of good and optimal value of cost for advertisement are found in evident form. It is shown also that above optimization model may be generalized for the case of several kinds of good. Restrictions on the capacity of the warehouse for storage of goods and restrictions on the financial resources available to the company allocated for advertising activities are taken into account. A convex optimization problem is obtained, which can be solved numerically using the Excel application package.
REFLECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE PERSONNEL UNDER CONDITIONS OF ECOLOGIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Authors:   National Aviation University, SALKOVA I. , TARASOVYCH L. ,   Polissia National University
Published: May 2021

Rapid economic development in the XX century. brought a lot of benefits to mankind, as well as a significant man-made burden on the environment. Diversification in overcoming economic and environmental problems is especially felt in agricultural production, as the industry is most dependent on natural factors and it is here that the closest connection with the key problems of the state economy is revealed, and therefore requires skilled management. An urgent problem in the development of agricultural production management is the harmonization of economic processes in the ecological space, which are realized through a combination of natural resources and human labor, the reflective aspect of which is manifested in understanding the coexistence of both systems with positive feedback. Consideration of environmental issues through the prism of the economy of agricultural production, and vice versa, will provide an opportunity to resolve the contradictions in these areas and develop strategic priorities for marketing management of personnel in the direction of environmental protection, responsible attitude to land and natural resources. The main way to reflect on the greening of the economy is to rethink the need for agricultural production through the implementation of resource-saving and environmental technologies that provide an opportunity to work for the long term socio-economic development of the country. With the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU by Ukraine, the problem of greening economic activity requires the development of new approaches to its solution, taking into account the requirements for the organization of environmentally friendly agricultural production. The article deals with the main problems of the impact of agricultural production on the ecological environment which has an interconnection and it influences on the development of production in the strategic perspective. It is considered the reflexive aspect of management of labor processes in the context of development of strategy of greening of agricultural production. In theory the reflective aspect is considered through the perception of the economic system of environmental problems and also considering the mutual influence and equivalence of metabolic processes occurring between systems which are presented. The article analyzes the essence and the basic tool of managing the processes of greening of agriculture production. It was studied the experience of the policy of greening og economic activity of enterprises in foreign countries.The tools of state support of agricultural enterprises and strategies of development of ecological production were considered.
THE CONCEPT OF FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE REGION
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Bushynskiy Y.
Published: May 2021

The different characteristics that describe individual regions lead to significant differences in the ability to raise capital in the form of investment in the regional structure. This is largely determined by factors that are taken into account in the process of localization of investment by potential investors (also from abroad), more broadly identified with localization factors or synthesized using the index of investment attractiveness. It was substantiated that investors ’decisions are influenced by a number of subjective factors that are quite difficult to measure, and they express an individual system of preferences, partly determined by the investor’s knowledge, including the image of the region. It was proposed during the analysis of investment attractiveness of the region to determine the real investment attractiveness, which should be interpreted from the standpoint of “popularity” of investing in a particular sphere. Since the region is able to absorb financial and physical capital in the form of investment, the definition by analyzing the value of investment in enterprises or foreign direct investment allowed to identify the disadvantage of this approach as an opportunity to analyze attractiveness based on ex post investment in contrast to the ex ante approach. It also established that the real investment attractiveness can be assessed on the basis of past investments and thus select the region that attracted the most of them, and relatively symptomatic variables can be indicated, the increase of which will indicate increasing attractiveness. It was proposed to divide location factors into “hard” and “soft” by the nature of the impact, which correspondently will allow identifying directly with the cost of doing business and income and – the subjective feelings of investors and their internal value system.
METHODICAL APPROACH FOR MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE WITH ORGANIZATIONAL AND COMMUNICATION COMPONENT
Authors:   Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, TKACHOVA T.
Published: May 2021

Analysis of macroeconomic indicators of economic development and identification of existing disparities shows the lack of proportionality in the economic sector of Ukraine at all levels. Domestic production and exports in modern conditions have undergone obvious degradation and are losing in terms of complexity, which indicates the dependence of the domestic market on imports. The discrepancy between the growth rates and the deterioration of the financial condition of economic entities is identified as the most significant disproportion in the development of domestic industrial production. Restoration and modernization of the industrial sector of Ukraine on the basis of industrial policy is the only alternative to increase the level of competitiveness of the economy. Currently, the state of domestic industry does not meet the requirements of global transformations. The market of machine-building products is extremely important for Ukraine, as this industry plays a crucial role in creating the material and technical base of the economy. Mechanical engineering, which provides complex mechanization and automation of production, plays an extremely important role in accelerating scientific and technological progress. Thus, the decline in industrial production, and especially the production of investment products, leads to a weakening of the national economy, the loss of Ukraine’s competitive position in the world market. Therefore, the urgent issues are the studied socio-economic relations related to the functioning of industrial machine-building enterprises, as well as a set of economic decision-making processes for management at the enterprise, which arise in the context of liberalization of the national machine-building market.The given article considers and studies the socio-economic relations related to the functioning of industrial machine-building enterprises, as well as a set of economic decision-making processes for management at the enterprise, which arise in the context of liberalization of the national machine-building market. The real sector of the modern national economy must be modernized on the new principles of innovation and the use of creative potential. Domestic enterprises face serious tasks related to further improvement of their potential, namely methodical approaches to the management of innovative activities of industrial enterprises, the mechanism of preparation for the adoption and implementation of management decisions in the liberalization of the engineering market.
INCREASING THE ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF FOOD ENTERPRISES IN A CRISIS
Authors:   Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, PIURENKO I.
Published: May 2021

The article investigates the directions of increasing the economic stability of food enterprises in the crisis in the Ukrainian economy and ways to solve the problems of competitiveness in such conditions through in-depth analysis of the stability of the enterprise. The purpose of this article is there is a development of recommendations of theoretical and applied character on increase of economic stability of the food enterprises in the conditions of crisis. The method of analysis of economic stability of the enterprise is offered for the purpose of revealing and prevention of adverse economic factors influencing results of activity of the food enterprises and processing of which promote acceptance of rational financial administrative decisions. The food market during the economic crisis and during the exit of the economy from the crisis is analyzed. It is proposed to deepen research in the direction of social stability as one of the main factors influencing the economic stability of the enterprise. In the conditions of economic crisis, the search for increasing the economic stability of the food enterprise is an urgent and necessary component of the process of overcoming the crisis not only at the micro but also at the macro levels. Since most companies do not have a social orientation of business, and the lack of skilled workers necessitates the creation of a new socially oriented system to increase the economic sustainability of the food company based on social strategies for enterprise development. Such a system must contain the following elements: – employment policy should cover all possible measures aimed at providing the company with highly qualified personnel, creating the necessary working conditions, ensuring the guarantor of occupational safety, career growth and wage growth; – training policy, which provides all possible measures to improve the skills of employees and encourage the pursuit of professional growth; – remuneration policy, which includes elements of a sufficiently high salary in the ratio of experience-ability-devotion, benefits, incentives, etc.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF CHILDREN’S NUTRITION ORGANIZATION IN SCHOOLS
Authors:   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, KONOVALENKO A.
Published: May 2021

The management of general secondary education (ZZSO) seeks financial autonomy by identifying sources of additional income, including by providing catering services based on functioning food units, which necessitates improving the level of catering services that will meet competitive conditions. This need increases the relevance of compliance with the principles of marketing in the process of organizing ZSSO this type of activity to meet the needs of consumers, increase their loyalty and, consequently, increase the level of income from the organization of food. The need to determine the range of possibilities for the application of marketing approaches and the potential of the marketing mechanism, which can be done using the methods of economic and mathematical modeling, in particular cognitive and scenario modeling, is gaining relevance. Research of the potential of the marketing mechanism of children’s nutrition organization in general secondary education institutions. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were performed: formed cognitive maps and cognitive model of the system of potential development of the marketing mechanism of children’s nutrition in ZSSO, based on the implementation of scenario modeling of system behavior identified factors influencing the development of marketing mechanism. The method (methodology). Methodological and theoretical foundations of the study are economic theory, scientific developments of scientists in the organization of children’s nutrition in the system of general secondary education. The research used general scientific methods (abstract-logical, empirical, comparative analysis, averages, generalizations, etc.) and methods of cognitive and scenario modeling. The article presents the results of the analysis of the system of potential development of the marketing mechanism on the basis of cognitive and scenario modeling, which allowed to determine the levers and performance factors of the system. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that a good basis for building the potential of the marketing mechanism to improve the nutrition of school children is to focus on maximizing customer satisfaction and increasing their loyalty while creating the necessary conditions to increase production efficiency and sales in school canteens. supported by activities to promote the principles of nutrition among students ZSSO and society as a whole. To this end, it is advisable to increase the level of automation of production and service processes in canteens ZSSO, information and communication support, stimulate the welfare of key actors of the marketing mechanism by coordinating the interaction of stakeholders in ensuring proper nutrition of children in educational institutions.
Perancangan Aplikasi Pengajuan Reward atas Publikasi Ilmiah dan Hki di Universitas Terbuka Berbasis Website
Authors: Arif Erman , Juniadi Dedy , Mardoni Yosi
Published: May 2021

Abstract - Lecturers are now expected to become experts in the field of scientific studies from the research process then conveyed to students through teaching and besides being distributed to the community through community service, the outputs of research and service activities are Books, Articles, IPRs, applications and others. In accordance with the rules of the Open University Chancellor Number: 162 of 2019 concerning awards for publication works and Intellectual Property Rights within the Universitas Terbuka environment, the letter explains that each lecturer is entitled to receive an award for each publication that has been made, It's just that currently the awarding process is still using manual methods, lecturers fill out the forms provided by the faculty. Based on the slow process, the research team considers that Universitas Terbuka needs to develop a website based application in order to become an information system for lecturers to update the process of pro-posing awards for publication works and Intellectual Property Rights within the Universitas Terbuka. The study uses a two year assignment and multi year scheme. The outputs of this assignment research are articles, IPRs, and application prototypes. Keywords- e-reward; management information systems; Website Application Abstract — Dosen saat ini diharapkan menjadi pakar dalam bidang kajian ilmunya melalui proses penelitian, kemudian disampaikan ke mahasiswa melalui pengajaran, dan selain itu dibagikan ke masyarakat lewat pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Keluaran dari kegiatan penelitian dan pengabdian adalah Buku, Artikel, HKI, aplikasi dan lain-lain. Sesuai dengan peraturan Rektor Universitas Terbuka Nomor : 162 Tahun 2019 tentang perhargaan atas karya publikasi dan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) di lingkungan Universitas Terbuka, dalam surat tersebut dijelaskan setiap dosen berhak mendapatkan penghargaan untuk setiap publikasi yang telah dilakukan, hanya saja saat ini proses pemberian penghargaan masih menggunakan cara manual, dosen mengisi form yang disediakan fakultas. Atas dasar proses yang lambat tersebut maka Tim peneliti menganggap Universitas Terbuka perlu mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis web, agar dapat menjadi sistem informasi bagi dosen untuk mengupdate proses pengusulan penghargaan atas karya publikasi dan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) di lingkungan Universitas Terbuka.  Penelitian menggunakan skema penugasan dan multi years selama dua tahun. Keluaran dari penelitian penugasan ini adalah artikel, HKI, dan prototipe aplikasi. Keywords— e-reward; sistem informasi manajemen; Aplikasi Website
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENSES IN MUNICIPAL BUDGETS IN POLAND IN THE CONTEXT OF ASPIRING TO BECOMING A SMART, SUSTAINABLE CITY
Authors: Jonek-Kowalska Izabela , Kaźmierczak Jan
Published: May 2021

Environmental protection is one of the key priorities of sustainable development. Nowadays, in contemporary economies and organizations it is also the basic component of development strategies. Unfortunately, its real implementation is associated with significant financial expenses and long-term payback period and as a result - in fact - it often becomes only the basic component of media and marketing strategies. Therefore, the main aim of this article is to analyse the scope and changes of environmental expenses in the municipal budgets in Poland as one of the conditions for becoming a smart community or smart city. The research includes financial statistics of 2,477 municipal communities in Poland from the period of 2003-2018 and the research questions are: 1) What were the tendencies in the environmental expenses, their level and their share in the municipal budgets for the analysed period, and (2) how could these tendencies be identified in the context of creating a smart community or smart city? The used methodology is based on budget statistical data from 2003-2018 and includes structure and dynamics indices as well as trend functions.
IDENTIFICATION, EVALUATION AND MINIMIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL RISKS RELATING TO OIL PIPELINES
Authors: Badica Marius- Nicolae , Badica Carmen- Matilda Marinescu , Suditu Silvian , Stoica Monica Emanuela
Published: May 2021

The security of the functioning systems represents, through the four specific components (security, availability, reliability and maintenance), a basic component of the processing requirement. Monitoring of all specific intrinsic and operating parameters of oil and gas pipelines can be technically detected and diagnosed by: • existing defects. • rapid and effective intervention to eliminate the damage, if they occurred. To establish the maintenance programs that can ensure the proper functioning of the oil pipelines, it is necessary to establish their technical status. The research done helps reduce the risk of oil pipeline damage.
LIVEABLE CITIES – FOUR EXAMPLES OF THE URBAN REGENERATION
Authors: Asanowicz Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

This paper is devoted to urban regeneration in the context of increasing the quality of urban space and creating a liveable city. The paper consists of four parts. The first part contains general considerations regarding urban regeneration and highlights that regeneration is an important issue driving the creation of contemporary urban space in Europe. In the second part of this paper results of the OIKONET project will be described and discussed in detail. OIKONET – A Global Multidisciplinary Network on Housing Research and Learning was a Lifelong Learning Programme of the European Commission. During a workshop, an international group of students and teachers from European Universities worked on urban rehabilitation of Kosančićev Venac in Belgrade. The third part presents an overview of the activities of the Urban Farmers movement, which aims to educate city residents on growing food in urban utilitarian gardens and on taking care for their neighbourhood landscape in an environmentally-friendly way. In the fourth part of the paper, ways to improve the situation in Bialystok through small scale urban acupuncture action undertaken by students on the Urban Design course are discussed. In conclusion, ethical land use patterns to reduce extreme economic disparities will be emphasized. The presented cases showed that many European countries have similar issues and highlight the need for bottom-up approaches to achieve sustainable communities. Making our cities liveable requires not only improving existing structures but it is also necessary to adopt strategies that intertwine environmental, social, psychological issues in the dynamics of renovation.
METAL POLLUTANT PATHWAYS IN COHESIVE COASTAL CATCHMENTS: INFLUENCE OF FLOCCULATION ON PARTITIONING AND FLUX
Authors: Schindler Rob , Comber Sean , Manning Andrew
Published: May 2021

Potentially toxic metals (PTMs) dispersed within catchments from land-based sources pose serious, long-term threats to aquatic ecology and human health. Their chemical state or form affects the potential for transportation and bioavailability and ultimate environmental fate. PTMs are transported either as (1) particulates adsorbed onto sediments, or 2) solutes in groundwater and open channel flow. Cohesive sediment occupies a major part of the world’s coastlines. PTMs are readily sorbed onto clay/silt and consequently particulate-borne PTMs dominate in estuaries and coastal waters. Sediments also represent a considerable ‘sink’ of contaminants which can be periodically remobilized. The role of suspended particulates in the uptake, release, and transport of heavy metals is thus a crucial link in understanding PTM dispersion in these environments. Cohesive sediment is subject to flocculation which dictates the behaviour of suspended sediment. PTM partitioning, flocculation and particulate-borne PTM dynamics are spatially and temporally variable in response to a complex array of inter-related physical and chemical factors exhibited within tidal catchments. However, knowledge of the dispersion and accumulation of both particulate and soluble forms of PTMs within cohesive coastal catchments is limited by little understanding of the association of PTMs with flocculated sediments and their subsequent deposition. This study investigates the influence of changing hydrodynamics and salinities to reveal the partitioning coefficients (Kp) and PTM settling flux (PTMSF) for different spatial and temporal locations within an idealized mesotidal catchment. The data show that the ratio of soluble and particulate-borne PTMs are dependent on salinity and flocculation, and that PTMSF is dependent upon partitioning and flocculation dynamics. Kp is largely dictated by salinity, but floc size and suspended particulate matter concentration (SPMC) are also influential, particular for PTMs with low chloride complexation and in freshwater. PTMSF is a function of Kp, floc size and settling velocity and varies by up to 3 orders of magnitude in response to changing environmental conditions. Findings will improve our ability to predict and monitor contaminant transport for PTMs generated by industries such as agriculture, mining, fisheries, aquaculture & marine engineers. They can be incorporated in existing decision making tools, and help improve numerical modelling parameteristion, to maintain environmental quality standards and limit the impacts of bioavailability of metals in aquatic environment.
MODELING OF VARIABILITY OF THE REGIONAL DYNAMIC PROCESSES DEVELOPED DURING 2017-2019 IN THE EASTERNMOST PART OF THE BLACK SEA
Authors: Demetrashvili Demuri , Kukhalashvili Vepkhia , Surmava Aleksandre , Kvaratskhelia Diana
Published: May 2021

The study of water circulation and thermohaline processes in the coastal zones of the seas and oceans, subjected to the most intense anthropogenic press, is an important problem of modern Oceanology. According to experimental and theoretical researches the coastal water areas of the Black Sea are dynamically active regions, where intensive generation of mesoscale and submesoscale eddies takes place. Such eddies make a significant contribution to the horizontal and vertical transport of different polluting substances, heat, momentum, etc. Therefore, the modeling and study of main peculiarities of variability of regional dynamic processes is of great scientific and practical interest. The goal of this study is to investigate numerically the structure and spatial –temporal distribution of the sea flow and thermohaline fields taking place during the period 2017-2019 in the easternmost part of the Black Sea, which is limited from the open part of the sea basin with liquid boundary coinciding 39.080E. With this purpose a high-resolution numerical regional model of the Black Sea dynamics of M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics of I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University (RM-IG) is used. The RM-IG is nested in the basin-scale model of the Black Sea dynamics of Marine Hydrophysical Institute (Sevastopol) and is based on a primitive system of ocean hydrothermodynamics equations. The RM-IG uses a calculated grid having 215x347 points on horizons with 1 km spatial resolution. Results of researches presented in the paper show significant variability of the regional dynamic processes in the easternmost water area during 2017-2019, where continuously generation, deformation and disappearance of the cyclonic and anticyclonic vortex formations of difference sizes takes plac
RECOVERY OF GERMANIUM BY PRECIPITATION FROM STRONGLY ALKALINE SOLUTION
Authors: Piotrowicz Andrzej , Pietrzyk Stanisław , Puchała Artur
Published: May 2021

The research material was a strongly alkaline solution containing germanium, lead, arsenic, zinc and trace amounts of other metals, obtained by leaching of industrial material. The aim of the study was to determine the behavior of the above metals in the precipitation process using various acidic agents: HCl, H2SO4, C2H2O4, C6H8O7. The tests were carried out in a wide pH range. The behavior and role of individual ions during the acidification of germanate solution is poorly understood, hence the study of this subject was undertaken. The resulting precipitates and solutions were examined by XRF, XRD and ICP techniques. The recovery yields of individual elements was determined. Attempts were also made to precipitate Ge from a synthetic solution in order to compare the results obtained for the solution of an industrial solution. This research shows that the presence of other ions interferes with the selective recovery of Ge from research solutions. Generally, it can be said that the method of recovery by acidification is effective at low concentrations of the solution's components.