bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pranayama, a simple counterattack on obesity, via its impact on the serum leptin levels
Authors: Dilliraj Gayathri , Shanthi B.
Published: December 2020

Overweight (i.e. BMI of 25- 29.9) and Obesity (BMI ?30) continues to be one of the neglected global health problems. Leptin is one of the chief adipokines in the body that is basically involved in maintaining a balanced appetite in association with the various other adipokines like the adiponectin, ghrelin etc., Pranayama is the simplest and the ancient, dateless, venerable, non- pharmacological intervention that could be potentially used to maintain a healthy life. To determine how the regular practice of pranayama could significantly alter the deranged serum leptin levels in the obese. The correlative study was carried out in Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital. The subjects included were 60 obese student volunteers of 17-19 years with no other known complications. We measured their serum leptin levels using ELISA method in the central laboratory, both before and after the pranayama training for 6 months. After 6 months of regular pranayama practice, there was a significant decrease in both their serum leptin levels and their BMI as well. Thus, it was concluded that we can potentially turn off our fat switch by beneficially reducing the serum leptin levels and enhancing the leptin receptor sensitivity in the obese with the regular practice of pranayama.
Ultrasound therapy and taping in lactating mothers with breast engorgement
Authors: Sowmya M. V. , Indrani D.
Published: December 2020

Breast engorgement is commonly encountered in lactating mothers, it is defined as the swelling and distension of breast, usually in the early days of initiation of lactation, due to vascular dilation as well as the arrival of the milk. It is the painful overfilling of the breasts with milk. This is usually caused by an imbalance between milk supply and infant demand. Early breast fullness occurs as milk supply develops and while new born has an irregular breast-feeding routine. Then normal fullness is caused by the milk and extra blood and fluids in the breasts as body uses the extra fluids to make breast milk and if baby is not breast-fed for several days then breast engorgement can occur. Twenty four-year old mother with past medical history of hypothyroid, hypertension and she complained firmness of breast. On palpation of the breast, tenderness is present. Due to pain, firm and tenderness she was not able to feed her baby. Pain and engorgement were assessed by using visual analogue scaleand6-point self-rated engorgement scale. After one week of treatment with ultrasound therapy and taping, there was decrease in breast engorgement and pain.
Situações Emergentes: Processos Situacionistas na Arte Contemporânea do Recife
Authors: Rafaella Ferrer de Morais Bruna , Porto Filho Gentil
Published: December 2020

A Internacional Situacionista (IS), “frequentemente considerada como a última tentativa histórica de juntar arte vanguardista com política vanguardista” (JAPPE, 2011, p. 192), foi um grupo com pretensões revolucionárias, formado por poetas, arquitetos, artistas visuais, cineastas, ativistas e pensadores, que atuou entre os anos de 1957 e 1972. Os situacionistas tinham como objetivo não só criticar a “sociedade do espetáculo”, mas propor ações diretas contra a alienaçã o e a passividade coletivas.
A Difusão dos Fundamentos Modernos da Arquitetura e do Design no Brasil e na Argentina (1920–1930): dos Bauhausianos a Le Corbusier
Authors: Amorim Patricia
Published: December 2020

As transformações de ordem infraestrutural, econômica, política e cultural vividas pela Argentina e pelo Brasil nas primeiras décadas do século XX também estão relacionadas às experiências de modernização europeias. Quanto as inovações na arquitetura e no desenho industrial, semelhante influência também é observada, embora cada país sul-americano tenha vivenciado de modo particular essas repercussões. A arquitetura moderna, materialização urbana desses postulados inovadores, seja subvencionada por membros mais arrojados das elites locais ou patrocinada pelo Estado, incrustava a olhos vistos seus primeiros estandartes nesta região.
Hedônico: O Projeto Ergonômico Afetivo de Produtos e Sistemas
Authors: Carol Pontes de França Ana
Published: December 2020

Os avanços no projeto de produtos/sistemas tecnológicos e no desenvolvimento de interfaces estão relacionados às transformações frente ao mercado consumidor, ávido por novidades. Projetar para que essas novidades tenham um impacto positivo, a ponto das conexões afetivas, usuário-produto, serem suficientemente boas, requer entender a relação consumo-utilização, de modo que o usuário, além de atraído pelo produto/ sistema, continue a utilizá-lo mesmo com o passar dos anos.
Preference mapping of Slovak cheese
Authors: Martišová Patrí­cia , Štefániková Jana , Hynšt Matej , Vietoris Vladimí­r , Macková Patrí­cia
Published: December 2020

The production of steamed cheese has a long tradition in Slovakia. Some of these cheeses have even received the PGI designation, which is a designation granted to products with specific geographical characteristics (Slovenská parenica, Zázrivské vojky, Zázrivský korbáčik, and Oravský korbáčik). In our study, eight samples of various unsmoked steamed cheese from small dairy farms (samples D, F, G, and H) and medium-sized farms (A, B, C, and E) were evaluated. Our work aimed to determine whether there are significant differences in sensory characteristics between samples from small and medium-sized dairy farms and whether there are differences in the preferences between these samples for consumers. Samples were evaluated by sensory analysis, where the assessors evaluated the characteristics of color, odor, texture, flavor, and overall appearance on a nine-point hedonic scale. Differences at a statistically significant level in the attributes of odor, texture, flavor, and overall appearance were confirmed (p <0.05) between samples from small and medium dairy farms, no statistically significant difference was proved in the attribute color (p >0.05). The results were processed using PCA, whereas can be seen from the graphic representation the carriers of all evaluated attributes were samples from medium-sized farms (except for sample D, which belonged to the first group of samples together with samples from medium-sized farms). We constructed a preferential map by combining internal and external mapping, while the internal data were formed by data obtained from assessors using sensory analysis and the external data came from an online questionnaire. Using the preferential mapping technique, we found out that samples from medium-sized dairy farms were classified as the most preferred samples which correspond with the results of sensory analysis.
Women’s Sexuality through Ratauli Songs in Hindu Society
Authors: Dahal Bishnu Prasad
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research is to identify the voices of women, about their sub- ordination, oppression that has been practiced in Nepalese society and culture through the analysis of lyrics of Ratauli songs. The contradictions between the myths about gender and real experienced (by suffered in realist manner) is also over looked and tried to analyze the situation experience by Women and non-women in Nepali society. To understand the socio-cultural feeling, emotion, aspiration, lyrics of music may be the probable means to analyze what message is provided, what is understood by the people. How message can help to unite the people and what is the role performed by these lyrics of music in society and culture in physical as well as socio-cultural sphere in society and culture.General objectives of this research are to identify the nature, types and dimension of Ratauli songs. Specifically, the formation of Ratauli songs, their contents with various dimensions, culture, social context and time relative are also researched here. The conducted research explored more about different aspects of Ratauli songs their contexts and its formation in different time periods as well as carried contents and their messages. This research found comparisons between the context and content of Ratauli songs in different time.
Estudo das propriedades ópticas em pontos quânticos de CdTe carregados
Authors: Prado Silvio José
Published: December 2020

In this article we theoretically study how the presence of charge carriers added to the conduction and valence band of a spherical CdTe quantum dot affects the optical properties, especially the absorption coefficient. For this study, we simulated the interband optical absorption spectrum for incident light with circular polarizations on the left (ê-), on the right (ê+) and linear (êz). We also consider Coulomb's interaction between optically excited and added carriers.
Gelebte Transnationalität
Authors: Mecking Sabine
Published: December 2020

In this article singing is not first and foremost interpreted in its tonal texture, but as a cultural, social and political-historical phenomenon. Using the example of the German vocal culture in the USA in the "long 19th century", the function and effect of singing is examined. The focus is on songs, musical symbols and rituals as an expression of social and political communication. Singing together strengthened the formation and sharpening of a specific identity of the so-called German-Americans. In the German-language singing the old "Heimat" did not remain abstract, but was experienced in a concrete emotional way and connected with the American foreign land or the new homeland. The vocals about German fatherland were thus a point of reference in the new American world, but at the same time this connection was relativized and historicized in the course of time. This transculturality and transnationality lived through singing proved to be a social and political challenge, especially in times of increasing national tensions.
Case – Unique complication of continent catheterizable stoma after bariatric surgery
Authors: Briskin Rebeccah , Atiemo Humphrey
Published: December 2020

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Evaluation of a serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone as predictor of semen parameter(s) improvement in men undergoing medical treatment for infertility
Authors: Lima Thiago Fernandes Negris , Rakitina Evgeniya , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Ramasamy Ranjith
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The goal of medical therapy for infertile men with testosterone deficiency (TD) is to improve intratesticular testosterone (ITT). There is a gap in knowledge to identify those who will respond with semen parameter(s) improvement. We hypothesized that serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) — a marker of ITT — can be used to predict improvement of semen parameter(s).

Methods: Between July 2018 and January 2020, we conducted a prospective study of 31 men with primary infertility, TD, and secondary hypogonadism receiving clomiphene citrate (CC) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for three months. We assessed baseline and followup hormones, including testosterone, 17-OHP, semen parameter(s), and demographics. Semen quality upgrading was based on assisted reproduction eligibility: in-vitro fertilization (<5 million), intrauterine insemination (IUI) (5–9 million), and natural pregnancy (>9 million). Variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U or Wilcoxon rank test.

Results: Twenty-one men received CC and 10 received CC/hCG. Median followup was 3.7 (3.3–5.1) months. Sixteen men upgraded semen quality. Six of 10 men with baseline total motile sperm count (TMSC) of 0 had motile sperm after treatment, and 11/20 men with TMSC<5 upgraded semen quality into TMSC>5 range. Low 17-OHP was the only factor that predicted semen quality upgrading. Men with 17-OHP ≤55 ng/dL upgraded semen quality and improved hormones, whereas men with 17-OHP >55 ng/dL did not upgrade semen quality.

Conclusions: Medical therapy for infertile men with TD resulted in the improvement of sperm concentration, TMSC, testosterone, and 17-OHP. Semen quality upgrading appears to be more significant in patients with low 17-OHP, suggesting that ITT can be used as a biomarker to predict semen parameter(s) improvement.
Increase of the technogenic and
ecological safety of the natural gas
transportation due to displacement
of explosive mixtures with nitrogen
Authors: Mandryk O. , Vytyaz O. , Poberezhny L. , Mykhailiuk Y.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To ensure technological and environmental safety it is proposed to use the
technology of purging pipeline with compressed nitrogen.
Design/methodology/approach: The purpose of the calculation is: to get the graph of
the concentration distribution (in volume fraction) of nitrogen and natural gas components
depending on the distance from the injection point of nitrogen and the duration of the purge
process, to determine of parameters of a non-stationary process, and to establish the
optimal parameters of the purging process under conditions of the given flow chart.
Findings: In the process of displacement of natural gas, the velocity of the front of nitrogen
is one of the main quantities that significantly affect the quality of displacement. To assess
the actual technological schemes for transporting natural gas, it is necessary to select the
velocity of displacement of explosive mixtures.
Research limitations/implications: This technology should be implemented in the
conditions of a nitrogen pressure higher than 0.25 MPa.
Practical implications: Most favourable conditions for the complete displacement of
air and subsequent replacement of nitrogen with natural gas were observed for pressures
higher from 1.0 to 1.5 MPa.
Originality/value: Complex calculations of the volume of air displaced with nitrogen and
natural gas in the process of filling the pipeline were conducted in the research. Boundary
conditions on the concentration of the mixture of nitrogen and natural gas were identified.
Der Rückschaufehler bei strafrechtlichen Fahrlässigkeitsbeurteilungen
Authors: Linnenbank Nina
Published: December 2020

The work deals with the question of the extent to which criminal negligence assessments under German criminal law are susceptible to cognitive-psychological distortions due to the so-called hindsight bias. Initially, the author identifies the characteristics of negligence that are susceptible to a hindsight bias in the various criminal law dogmatic negligence concepts. After that, she attempts to classify a hindsight bias that may arise in the criminal negligence assessment on the basis of the three-facet model by Blank et al. Finally, the concepts are examined to see whether some of them are more suitable than others to avoid distorting influences caused by the hindsight bias.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Kitchen Utensils Used as Materials for Local Cooking in Two Culinary Media
Authors: Sawadogo Jacques , Boukari Legma Jean
Published: December 2020

This study is inscribed in the framework of the valorization of traditional kitchen utensils recycled from aluminum waste in Burkina Faso. In fact, these traditional kitchen utensils made of recycled aluminum alloys occupy a very important place in Burkina Faso’s kitchen. The effect of foods for consumption on its local utensils was studied using the non-stationary technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For this purpose, a sample of utensil has been deducted on traditional production site. The corrosion behavior of the recycled aluminum alloy ok know chemical composition was evaluated by analyzing the impedance spectra obtained at the open circuit potential, in the salt media titrated at 3 g·L−1 and rice. Modeling electrical properties by using of a simple equivalent circuit made it possible to interpret the results obtained by impedance spectroscopy. The results showed a susceptibility to pitting corrosion and were confirmed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method.
Keeping Feet Dry: Rotterdam’s Experience in Flood Risk and Resilience Building
Authors: Audrey O. Esteban Theresa , Edelenbos Jurian , van Stapele Naomi
Published: December 2020

Rotterdam City in the South of Holland is one of the most vibrant cities you will find in the Netherlands. The city has gone through a transformation from the time it was bombed in the 1940s up to the time that a part of the city was flooded in 1953. Through extensive rebuilding and the Delta Plan project, the city has been well protected against any flooding disaster that may come. However, how resilient really is Rotterdam? Through in-depth interviews of key stakeholders in the City of Rotterdam, the study investigates the collective engagement in the city and how this has helped shape Rotterdam’s position in urban resilience. The study used the Collective Engagement Urban Resilience Framework as a framework to understand how disaster prone cities transform itself to become disaster resilient.
Physiopathology and Management of Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Noutakdie Tochie Joel , Therese Badjang Gaelle , Ayissi Gregory , Sama Dohbit Julius
Published: December 2020

Uterine fibroid is the most encountered benign tumour in women of reproductive age. It causes spontaneous abortions, missed abortions, painful red degeneration or infarction of the fibroids, abnormal foetal presentation, obstructed labour, and an increased likelihood of premature deliveries, caesarean deliveries, postpartum haemorrhage in pregnancy, whereas, in the non-pregnant women it is associated an irregular menstrual cycle sometimes associated with heavy menstrual bleeding, infertility, constipation, urinary incontinence, and leiosarcoma transformation. Till date is pathophysiology and management both in the non-pregnant and pregnant woman have not been well described. In this chapter, we present contemporary evidence to help elucidate this enigma.
Biofeedback in Clinical Psychology: Modalities and Perspectives
Authors: Kouzak Valeska , Campos da Paz Neto Aloysio , Donner Ivo
Published: December 2020

Biofeedback is a technique of self-regulation applied by health professionals in order to reshape a series of physiological information based in health parameters diminishing psychopathological symptoms and improving cognitive performance. The biofeedback technique is widely recognized in many countries, leaving no doubt about its effectiveness and applicability. In clinical psychology, biofeedback has been applied effectively to psychophysiological conditions such as anxiety, depression and ADHD. This chapter has the aim to elucidate the techniques applied to clinical settings, where psychophysiological conditions are more prone to be treated with biofeedback. Moreover, this chapter also evaluates the advances of the technique and possible future directions.
CSR: A Moral Obligation or a Strategic Behavior?
Authors: Hamza Sourour , Jarboui Anis
Published: December 2020

The CSR concept has grown tremendously in importance and significance. Firms have become more and more motivated to become socially responsible. The CSR initiatives have often been considered as driven by the moral imperative to undertake activities that are good for society and that enable the individual to act as a good corporate citizen. However, because of recent scandals, the concept of strategic CSR has been developed. Researchers have discussed the idea of CSR as a strategic behavior and denoted that such concept could be strategically involved. As the moral motive views CSR as a moral obligation (duty), the strategic motive holds that CSR contributes to the firm’s long-term benefits. The literature distinguishes between two main CSR strategies: Symbolic and substantive. While the substantive CSR involves actual and real changes implying tangible activities using the firm’s resources, the symbolic CSR refers to social or environmental initiatives that a firm undertakes within an impression management context to show ceremonial conformity and appear to fulfill society’s expectations without costs or changes in the business processes. Indeed, the Greenwashing concept is often used to indicate the divergence between symbolic (talk) and substantive (walk) actions.
Time Domain Performance Evaluation of UWB Antennas
Authors: Madanan Gopikrishna , Das Krishna Deepti
Published: December 2020

The performance of printed wideband antennas has to be optimized both in frequency and time domains, to qualify for UWB applications. This is especially true in multi-resonant antenna topologies where the excitation of different modes can change phase centers and radiation patterns with frequency. The study presented in this chapter intends to demonstrate the simulation and experimental design for the time domain characterization of UWB antennas. Modeling the antenna as a linear time-invariant system with transfer function and impulse response, distortion caused to a nanosecond pulse is analyzed. Two planar monopole antenna designs are considered for the comparative study: the SQMA and RMA. SQMA is a traditional CPW-fed monopole design with ground modifications for ultra wide-bandwidth. RMA is a rectangular CPW-fed monopole with an impedance transformer arrangement at the antenna feed. RMA maintains constant impedance over the entire UWB and contributes towards maintaining uniformity in the radiation patterns over the entire frequency band by its design. Transfer function measurements are performed for both the azimuthal and elevation planes and the impulse responses are deduced by performing IFFT. Parameters such as FWHM and ringing are computed from the impulse response for the performance comparison. To evaluate the influence of the antenna geometry on a transmitted/received pulse, the impulse responses are convoluted with a standard UWB pulse. The time-domain distortion for the designs is then compared by computing the Fidelity parameter.
Uncertainty and the Oracle of Market Returns: Evidence from Wavelet Coherence Analysis
Authors: Nix Joan , D. McNevin Bruce
Published: December 2020

Wavelet methodology is employed to investigate the statistical relationship between three well-accepted measures of uncertainty and both market and sector returns. Our primary goal is to determine whether uncertainty is sector specific. Although there are periods when the market works effectively as an oracle capturing uncertainty, we also find sector specific uncertainty. The wavelet equivalent of correlation, coherence, is used to determine the presence of sector specific uncertainty. We find that allowing localized information in the time frequency domain is critical for separating out sector specific uncertainty from market uncertainty.
Reseña de 'Textos náuticos: Navegación del alma por el discurso de todas las edades del hombre (1600). Carta al licenciado Miranda de Ron (1574)'
Authors: Martínez Martín Jaime José
Published: December 2020

Reseña de:Eugenio de Salazar, Textos náuticos: Navegación del alma por el discurso de todas las edades del hombre (1600). Carta al licenciado Miranda de Ron (1574), eds. José Manuel Carriazo Ruiz y Antonio Sánchez Jiménez, New York, Idea, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-938795-43-5, 335 pp.
El cine en las revistas literarias (primer tercio del siglo XX)
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Julia Sabina
Published: December 2020

Aunque en la actualidad hay numerosas publicaciones periódicas tanto nacionales como internacionales y sitios web en Internet dedicados al cine, a comienzos del siglo XX fueron las revistas literarias las principales tribunas del denominado “arte nuevo”. Autores muy destacados como Alfonso Reyes, Federico de Onís, Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Antonio Espina, César Arconada, Benjamín Jarnés, Francisco Ayala, Rosa Chacel, Fernando Vela, etc., le dedicaron importantes artículos. En este trabajo analizamos cómo la cinematografía irrumpió en las revistas españolas de esos años y cómo evolucionaron las distintas perspectivas de un discurso, que sentaría algunas bases de lo que sería más adelante la crítica cinematográfica.
Reseña de 'Poesía, ideología e historia (siglos XX y XXI)'
Authors: Juárez López Andrés
Published: December 2020

Reseña de:Juan José Lanz Rivera, Poesía, ideología e historia (siglos XX y XXI), Madrid, Visor (Biblioteca Filológica Hispana), 2019, ISBN: 978-84-9895-531-6, 490 pp.
El suicidio asistido en Italia: ¿un nuevo derecho?
Authors: Rey Martínez Fernando
Published: December 2020

En Italia, se prohíbe penalmente la ayuda al suicidio. La Ordinanza n.º 207 (2018) y la Sentenza n.º 242 (2019) de la Corte Costituzionale han venido, sin embargo, a permitir una excepción: se podrá prestar ayuda al suicidio a los enfermos terminales con graves padecimientos, siempre que dependan de un tratamiento médico de soporte vital y que tengan capacidad y libertad para decidir. Este trabajo concluye que esta jurisprudencia va a tener una eficacia más simbólica que práctica.In Italy, assisted-suicide is prohibited criminally. Ordinanza n. 207 (2018) and the Sentenza n. 242 (2019) of the Costituzionale Court have, however, come to allow an exception: suicide-assited may be provided to terminally ill patients with serious conditions, if they depend on life-support medical treatment and have the capacity and freedom to decide. This paper concludes that this jurisprudence will be more symbolic than practical.
Læringsstrategier på ungdomsuddannelserne
Authors: Bülow Morten Winther
Published: December 2020

Formålet med denne artikel er at identificere mønstre i gymnasieelevers gengivelser af egne læringsstrategier. Situation i sensommeren og efteråret 2020 tilbød muligheder for at undersøge elevernes oplevelser af forløb, der vekslede mellem blended learning, virtuel undervisning og hybride formater. Det viste sig, at eleverne beskrev deres håndtering af udfordringerne og mulighederne meget forskelligt - og at beskrivelserne afspejler strategiske handlemønstre.

Med udgangspunkt i et teoretisk rammeværk, der muliggør undersøgelse af læringsstrategier i et økologisk perspektiv, opstilles to forskningsspørgsmål: 1) Hvilke dimensioner anvender eleverne i deres selvfremstilling af egne læringsstrategier? Og 2) Hvilke læringsstrategiske mønstre kan identificeres?

Artiklens metode udgøres af abduktive sekvenser, der veksler mellem teoretisk rammesætning, tematiske analyser af elevernes selvfortællinger samt ’kontrol-interviews’, der validerer de identificerede dimensioner og mønstre.

Undersøgelsen afslører, hvordan eleverne fremstiller de forskellige – digitale og ikke-digitale – ressourcedimensioner i håndteringen af hybride uddannelseskontekster. Afslutningsvis opsummeres de studerendes læringsstrategiske selvforståelser i fem sammenhængende mønstre af læringsstrategier.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Marcussen Martin
Published: December 2020

Tilbage i 1990’erne var der ikke meget godt at rapportere om fra Færøerne. »Færøerne er gået i fisk« (Ekstra Bladet, 7. oktober 1990), »fisk eller fallit på Færøerne« (Berlingske Tidende, 17. november 1990), »Krisen kradser under uldtrøjen« (Berlingske Tidende, 13. april 1992), »Der lukkes og slukkes på Færøerne« (Ritzaus Bureau, 2. november 1992), »Ø i dyb krise« (Berlingske Tidende, 4. marts 1993), »Færinger kræver øget selvstyre« (Berlingske Tidende, 22. februar 1995) er bare nogle af de mange skæbnesvangre overskrifter, der beskrev, at Færingerne reelt var på fallittens rand.
Færøernes økonomi – vækst gennem eksporten
Authors: Laksáfoss Magni
Published: December 2020

Færøerne har oplevet en rivende udvikling de sidste 200 år. Fra at være et fattigt bondesamfund har opkomsten af først fiskeriet og siden andre erhverv løftet Færøerne til at være blandt de mest succesfulde og rigeste nationer i verden. Denne artikel gennemgår den historiske udvikling og diskuterer sammenhængen mellem eksportsektoren og økonomien. Det vises, at eksporten bestemmer økonomiens størrelse. Dernæst diskuteres sammenhængen mellem økonomi og befolkning, hvor det vises, at økonomien bestemmer befolkningens størrelse. Endelig diskuterer artiklen den økonomiske vækst i Færøerne. Økonomisk vækst opstår ikke af sig selv, men sker på baggrund af den internationale udvikling af nye teknologier og innovationer. Disse sker i bølger, som er med til at løfte de enkelte lande op på et højere niveau. Disse bølger kanaliseres ind i de enkelte lande gennem eksportsektoren gennem efterspørgselseffekter og produktivitetsvækst.
Framing the Enemy
Authors: Thøfner Margit
Published: December 2020

This article is about how one approaches images that are both disjunctive and disjointed. It studies a set of nineteen images by the Flemish printmaker Gaspard Bouttats, focusing on four specific examples. The nineteen prints are now in the Whitworth Gallery but come without any provenance beyond the signature of their maker. Hitherto, they have not been studied in detail, but were in fact made for a book, Prudencio de Sandoval’s Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V, published in Antwerp in 1681 by Hieronymus Verdussen III. However, the prints now take the form of a set of loose sheets. Accordingly, the core argument rests on the fact that it is not helpful to study Bouttats’s prints in the context of de Sandoval’s book because this fails to account properly for their composite nature, their current state and their virtually limitless potential for circulation. The main contention is that such prints are best understood as collages. Therefore, they are viewed here through the lens of emerging scholarly literature on medieval and early modern texts and images that also fall into this category.
The Manchester Medical Students Gazette
Authors: Mohr Peter D.
Published: December 2020

The Manchester Royal Infirmary Students Gazette (1898–99) and its subsequent titles, the Manchester Medical Students Gazette (1901–13), the Manchester University Medical School Gazette (1921–59), the Manchester Medical Gazette (1960–78) and Mediscope (1979–98), are a valuable resource for the history of the social and academic life of the medical students and the work of the Medical School at the University of Manchester. The volumes provide a record of advances in medical practice, historical articles and biographical details of staff. A recently completed database of the main articles and authors is a new resource to research these journals. This article sketches the history of the Gazette and outlines its value as a source for medical historians.
Jorge Zalamea, enlace de mundos: quehacer literario y cosmopolitismo (1905-1969)
Authors: López Bermúdez Andrés
Published: December 2020

Inscrita en el marco de la historia social de la literatura, esta investigación contextualiza la obra literaria del escritor bogotano Jorge Zalamea en su trayectoria vital (1905-1969). Parte de la premisa de que texto y autor constituyen una unidad inseparable, por lo que el ciclo vital del literato puede aportar a la comprensión de su producción intelectual. Puntualiza las posturas del personaje estudiado frente a tópicos como la función social del escritor y la profesionalización del oficio, su lugar dentro de un tejido de relaciones y contextos, sus vinculaciones con instituciones sociales y literarias, su percepción sobre la responsabilidad intelectual, y su integración a círculos de pensamiento y poder influyentes sobre la configuración de la sociedad de su tiempo. Relaciona entonces -desde una perspectiva sociológica la situación de un escritor específico con estructuras, clases o grupos sociales, en aras de la formulación de explicaciones y análisis.
A SIMPLIFIED PROOF OF DISPERSIVE RELATIONS
Authors: CHANG TSUNG-SUI  ,   中国科学院数学研究所
Published: December 2020

In this note, a simple but not rigorous proof for dispersive relations is given. The proof proceeds by expanding the causal amplitude with respect to the intermediate states and considering the analyticity of the energy denominator and the corresponding numerator separately. While the analyticity of the energy denominator is more or less obvious, the proof of the analyticity of the numerator, say N, is achieved by considering the analyticity of the corresponding numerator where the mass μ2 has been replaced by -p2 (μ = mass of meson, p = momentum of nucleon in Breit's system, the scattering of mesons by nuc-leons being considered for definiteness) and passing to the analyticity of N with the help of a suitable transformation. The idea of replacing μ2 by another quantity is due Bokolubof (Боголюбов), but here analyticity with respect to this new quantity is not considered. In the present method, p2 is allowed to be as great as M2 -μ2(M = mass of nucleon).The analyticity of phase shifts η(k) in potential scattering is also considered and it is pointed out that if the potential V→ e-αr as r→∞(α > 0), then η(k) may be extended to where |Im k| <1/2a.
ABOUT TENSOR GREEN FUNCTIONS IN WAVEGUIDES
Authors: KU FU-NIEN  ,   江西大学
Published: December 2020

In this paper we studied the general forms and properties of tensor Green functions in waveguides with the methods of eigenfunctions expansion. For acquiring relations between the eigenfunctions of waveguides and tensor Green function, we first take the Fourier transform of Green function. In isotropic media the simplest image function can be expressed in dyadic form, and in anisotropic media in the form of ABA+e-ikz0,where A is the coordinate matrix. With this method, we studied the dyadic Green functions of waveguides in isotropic media in detail.
Genetic Variability in Physiological Seed Quality of Maize Genotypes of Different Maturity Groups
Authors: Olasoji J. O. , Ogunniyan D. J.
Published: December 2020

A study was conducted to investigate genetic variability in physiological seed quality using viability and vigour tests which were conducted at the seed testing laboratory of Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Moor Plantation, Ibadan.  The investigational materials consisted of twelve genotypes of maize of different maturity-early, intermediate and late collected from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan and IAR&T, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, respectively.  The experimental design used was completely randomize design (CRD) and data was collected for some viability and vigour traits and the data collected were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant differences were found among all the maize genotypes for the characters under observation. Hundred seed weight ranged from 24.6-29.3 g, 18.5-26.6 g, 22.9-29.1 g, standard germination ranged from 54.0-100.0%, 16.0-92.0%, 50.0-100% and accelerate ageing germination also ranged from 6.0-96.0%, 7.0-84.0%, 0-90.0% in the early, intermediate and late- maturing genotypes, respectively. Conductivity ranged from 5.34-17.10 µS/cm/g, 13.7-91.7 µS/cm/g and7.06-33.6 µS/cm/g with mean values of 11.14, 39.23 and 14.05 µS/cm/g in the early, intermediate and late-maturing genotypes, respectively. Variability was smaller in the late-maturing genotypes for Root Number (RN) and Shoot Length (SLT) but higher for both early and late- maturing genotypes. It was concluded from this study that seeds of early-maturing genotypes had significantly higher physical and physiological quality parameters.  All the early materials used for the study tend to be homogenous for all the traits measured and selection should be practiced for hundred seed weight to increase yield potential in maize varieties.
Seed Vigour of Quality Protein Maize Varieties Belonging to Different Maturity Groups
Authors: Oluseyi Olasoji Julius , Adesola Ajayi Sunday
Published: December 2020

Laboratory tests were carried out to investigate inherent quality differences among stored seeds of early, intermediate and late-maturing quality protein maize using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications at the Seed Testing Laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria for two consecutive years (2014 and 2015). From the results, germination and accelerated ageing germination traits were affected by the storage period. Similarly, the seed performance on germination, accelerated ageing and the conductivity test were seen to be better in early-maturing than in other maturing maize genotypes. The speed of germination measured as the germination index was low; ranging from 3.24-3.68 days after sowing (DAS) irrespective of the maturity group. Seedling traits measured after physiological quality tests were equally affected by the storage period and the maturity group. All the seedling traits measured were better in the early-maturing genotypes. Seed quality measured by laboratory quality assessments showed that genotypes in the early-maturing group are of high quality. Seeds of early-maturing genotypes retained significantly higher physical and physiological quality parameters and appear to have inherent potential to withstand effects of deterioration due to their slower rate of quality decline.
Effect of Sustainability Reporting on Economic Value Added of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange
Authors: Ikechukwu Okoye, Emmanuel , Blessing Ndum, Ngozi
Published: December 2020

This study assessed the Effect of Sustainability Reporting on Economic Value Added of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange. Twenty one (21) listed manufacturing firms constituted the sample size of this study between 2008 and 2019. Ex-Post facto research design and content analysis were adopted while secondary data were extracted from the annual reports and accounts of the sampled firms and were analysed using E-Views 10 statistical software. The study employed descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using Pearson correlation, Panel Least Square (PLS) regression analysis, granger causality test and Hausman test. Findings from the empirical analysis showed that Economic Sustainability Reporting, Social Sustainability Reporting, Environmental Sustainability Reporting and Sustainability Governance Reporting exerted a significant positive effect on Economic Value Added, of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria at 5% level of significance respectively. It was recommended inter alia that corporate entities in Nigeria should invest in sustainability activities in all its ramifications in order to boost the image/reputation of the firms thereby increasing their returns.
Inorganic Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Sodium Batteries: Fundamentals and Strategies for Battery Optimization
Authors: Wu Jian‐Fang , Zhang Rui , Fu Qing‐Feng , Zhang Jie‐Song , Zhou Xiao‐Yan , Gao Peng , Xu Chao‐He , Liu Jilei , Guo Xin
Published: December 2020

Recent realization of high sodium‐ion conductivities (>10−2 S cm−1) in inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) at room temperature will certainly trigger a boom in all‐solid‐state sodium batteries (ASS‐SBs). However, their electrochemical stable windows and compatibility to high capacity/voltage electrodes are unsatisfactory. Developing ideal ISEs that deliver high Na+ ion conductivities, good electrochemical/chemical stability, and compatible electrode/ISE interface is key for the success of high‐performance ASS‐SBs. In this review, focus is mainly on the fundamentals and strategies to optimize ASS‐SB performances from the aspects of ISE and interface, and note that interfacial issues are also ISE‐related. The latest progress in ISEs, including fundamentals of the sodium‐ion conduction mechanism, key parameters dominating the Na+ ion conduction in terms of crystal structure, lattice dynamics, point defects, and grain boundaries, and prototyping strategies for cell design, are elaborated from the perspectives of material and defect chemistry. The key challenges and future opportunities are discussed, and rational solutions are provided.
2D Polarized Materials: Ferromagnetic, Ferrovalley, Ferroelectric Materials, and Related Heterostructures
Authors: Chu Junwei , Wang Yang , Wang Xuepeng , Hu Kai , Rao Gaofeng , Gong Chuanhui , Wu Chunchun , Hong Hao , Wang Xianfu , Liu Kaihui , Gao Chunlei , Xiong Jie
Published: December 2020

The emergence of 2D polarized materials, including ferromagnetic, ferrovalley, and ferroelectric materials, has demonstrated unique quantum behaviors at atomic scales. These polarization behaviors are tightly bonded to the new degrees of freedom (DOFs) for next generation information storage and processing, which have been dramatically developed in the past few years. Here, the basic 2D polarized materials system and related devices’ application in spintronics, valleytronics, and electronics are reviewed. Specifically, the underlying physical mechanism accompanied with symmetry broken theory and the modulation process through heterostructure engineering are highlighted. These summarized works focusing on the 2D polarization would continue to enrich the cognition of 2D quantum system and promising practical applications.
Linear Electro‐Optic Modulation in Highly Polarizable Organic Perovskites
Authors: Sun Meng‐Jia , Zheng Chao , Gao Yuan , Johnston Andrew , Najarian Amin Morteza , Wang Pei‐Xi , Voznyy Oleksandr , Hoogland Sjoerd , Sargent Edward H.
Published: December 2020

Electrical‐to‐optical signal conversion is widely employed in information technology and is implemented using on‐chip optical modulators. State‐of‐the‐art modulator technologies are incompatible with silicon manufacturing techniques: inorganic nonlinear crystals such as LiNbO3 are integrated with silicon photonic chips only using complex approaches, and hybrid silicon–LiNbO3 optical modulators show either low bandwidth or high operating voltage. Organic perovskites are solution‐processed materials readily integrated with silicon photonics; and organic molecules embedded within the perovskite scaffold allow in principle for high polarizability. However, it is found that the large molecules required for high polarizability also require an increase of the size of the perovskite cavity: specifically, using the highly polarizable DR2+ (R = H, F, Cl) in the A site necessitates the exploration of new X‐site options. Only by introducing BF4– as the X‐site molecule is it possible to synthesize (DCl)(NH4)(BF4)3, a material exhibiting a linear EO coefficient of 20 pm V–1, which is 10 times higher than that of metal halide perovskites and is a 1.5 fold enhancement compared to reported organic perovskites. The EO response of the organic perovskite approaches that of LiNbO3 (reff ≈ 30 pm V–1) and highlights the promise of rationally designed organic perovskites for use in efficient EO modulators.
High‐Performance Spin Filters and Spin Field Effect Transistors Based on Bilayer VSe2
Authors: Wu Baochun , Quhe Ruge , Yang Jie , Liu Shiqi , Shi Junjie , Lu Jing , Du Honglin
Published: December 2020

Recently, two‐dimensional (2D) magnetic van der Waals materials have drawn great attention as they are remarkably promising in numerous vital areas, such as data storage and information processing. Theoretically, bilayer (BL) 2H‐VSe2 has been predicted to be an A‐type 2D antiferromagnetic van der Waals crystal (intralayer ferromagnetism and interlayer antiferromagnetism) and to have electrically‐induced half‐metallicity. Herein, by using ab initio quantum transport simulations, BL 2H‐VSe2 spin devices are designed and spin‐resolved transport properties are investigated for the first time. The spin‐filter efficiency (SFE) of the dual‐gated BL 2H‐VSe2 spin filter reaches up to 99%, and the conductance on‐off ratio of this device is up to 106. Also, the conductance on‐off ratio of the quadruple‐gated BL 2H‐VSe2 spin field effect transistor can reach 4 × 103 after reversing the spin direction. This work shows the high performance of the BL 2H‐VSe2 in spintronic devices and will motivate further studies of the spin devices based on this kind of material.
Synthesis of Sulfonylated Pyrrolines and Pyrrolinones via Ag‐mediated Radical Cyclization of Olefinic Enamides with Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Ding Ran , Mao Ming‐Hua , Jia Wei‐Zhen , Fu Jian‐Ming , Liu Lei , Mao Yue‐Yuan , Guo Yu , Wang Pei‐Long
Published: December 2020

We report a practical method for the radical cyclization of olefinic enamides using sodium sulfinates to produce a series of sulfonylated pyrrolines and pyrrolinones. This strategy features a wide functional group tolerance and provides convenient access to a series of valuable prochiral pyrroline and pyrrolinone building blocks.
A Cisplatin‐Selective Fluorescent Probe for Real‐Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Platinum Accumulation in Living Cells
Authors: Ong Jun Xiang , Le Hai Van , Lee Violet Eng Yee , Ang Wee Han
Published: December 2020

Mitochondria have emerged as important targets for cisplatin in cancer therapy. Apart from cisplatin, anticancer Pt complexes based on similar scaffolds have also been developed to target mitochondria. Yet cellular processing of cisplatin or these mitochondria‐targeting Pt analogues remained unexplored, largely due to a lack of tools capable of probing these Pt drugs within an intracellular environment. We developed the first mitochondria‐targeted fluorescent probe for real‐time monitoring of Pt accumulation in mitochondria. We applied the probe to investigate mitochondria as cellular targets for Pt drug complexes and uncovered two distinct pathways whereby these Pt complexes could be delivered to mitochondria after cell entry.
Dried Blood Spot Self‐Sampling with Automated Capillary Electrophoresis Processing for Clinical Analysis
Authors: Ryšavá Lenka , Dvořák Miloš , Kubáň Pavel
Published: December 2020

A simple and convenient concept of blood sampling followed by a fully automated analysis is presented. A disposable sampling kit is used for accurate self‐sampling of capillary blood from a finger prick. A high‐throughput blood sampling is thus enabled, which is essential in many clinical assays and considerably improves life quality and comfort of involved subjects. The collected blood samples are mailed to a laboratory for a fully automated dried blood spot (DBS) processing and analysis, which are performed with a commercial capillary electrophoresis instrument. Quantitative results are obtained within 20 min from the DBS delivery to the laboratory. The presented concept is exemplified by the determination of warfarin blood concentrations and demonstrates excellent analytical performance. Moreover, this concept is generally applicable to a wide range of endogenous and exogenous blood compounds and represents a novel and attractive analytical tool for personalized health monitoring.
In situ preparation of inorganic nanoparticles in amino‐functionalized porous cellulose particles
Authors: Omura Taro , Fujii Yuki , Suzuki Toyoko , Minami Hideto
Published: December 2020

Amino‐functionalized cellulose particles with a porous structure were prepared by a solvent‐releasing method with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimdazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) followed by an amination reaction, and were incorporated with silica. The amino groups provided the base catalyst for the formation of silica on the porous structure during the in situ sol–gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate. After the reaction, no free silica remained in the reaction medium. The microscopic morphologies (specific surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume) of the composite particles were affected by the silica content in the composites, which was controllable by the sol–gel reaction time. When silver nanoparticles were introduced to the pores of the cellulose particles by reduction of AgNO3 with amino groups, the composite exhibited catalytic ability and recyclability.
Intracellular Thermometry at the Micro‐/Nanoscale and its Potential Application to Study Protein Aggregation Related to Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Chung Chyi Wei , Kaminski Schierle Gabriele S.
Published: December 2020

Temperature is a fundamental physical parameter that influences biological processes in living cells. Hence, intracellular temperature mapping can be used to derive useful information reflective of thermodynamic properties and cellular behaviour. Herein, existing publications on different thermometry systems, focusing on those that employ fluorescence‐based techniques, are reviewed. From developments based on fluorescent proteins and inorganic molecules to metal nanoclusters and fluorescent polymers, the general findings of intracellular measurements from different research groups are discussed. Furthermore, the contradiction of mitochondrial thermogenesis and nuclear‐cytoplasmic temperature differences to current thermodynamic understanding are highlighted. Lastly, intracellular thermometry is proposed as a tool to quantify the energy flow and cost associated with amyloid‐β42 (Aβ42) aggregation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease.