bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repurpose Macelignan as a Potential Drug candidate for Alzheimer’s disease: In-Silico Study
Authors: Pradhan Rezina , Shrestha Asmita , Upadhyaya Siddha Raj , Khatiwada Ranju , Chauhan Jashuda , Poudel Pramod , Sharma Khaga Raj , Parajuli Niranjan
Published: July 2024

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the key enzyme that breaks down and deactivates acetylcholine, thereby regulating the concentration of neurotransmitters at the synapses. Inhibition of AChE is considered a potential approach for treating Alzheimer’s disease. The plethora of natural products is undoubtedly a possible source of AChE inhibitors. Given the adverse side effects of currently marketed medications, we sought to investigate 94 compounds linked to their remarkable AChE inhibition properties along with their IC50 values procured from previous wet lab results. With a thorough in silico analysis that included molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA), density functional theory (DFT) study, and pharmacokinetic properties, we identified the most potent compound for inhibition of AChE. Significant hydrogen bonding with the catalytic triad residues of AChE, prominent MM/PBSA binding energy of -28.97 KJ/mol, and the stable nature of protein-ligand complex about 100ns MD simulation screened macelignan as the best AChE inhibitor. Macelignan, with a binding affinity of -10.6 kcal/mol, demonstrated a greater binding interaction with AChE than the reference drug, rivastigmine. In addition, it exhibits significant reactivity in the substrate binding pocket of AChE and an inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 4.16 土 0.070 µM. This outcome is further supported by favorable pharmacokinetic properties displaying the positive result towards Lipinski’s rule of Five, and negative result towards hepatotoxicity and AMES toxicity. This study carries a perspective for AChE inhibition and suggests macelignan as a potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease; further research is necessary.
Wolfgang Hildesheimer, 1916–1991
Authors: Schilling Klaus von
Published: July 2024

Der Schriftsteller Wolfgang Hildesheimer ist auch als Übersetzer hervorgetreten. Die Übersetzung des Barnes-Romans "Nightwood" legte das Fundament für seine eigene, in den Prosawerken "Tynset" und "Masante" realisierte Poetik des "Nichtromans".
Marie Holzman, 1922–1941
Authors: Kelletat Andreas F.
Published: July 2024

Marie Holzman, geboren am 22. April 1922 in Jena, war die ältere Tochter des seit 1922/23 in Kaunas (Litauen) ansässigen Gründers und Inhabers der Verlagsbuchhandlung Pribačis Max Holzman (1889–1941) sowie der aus Jena stammenden Malerin und Kunsterzieherin Helene Czapski-Holzman (1891–1961). Nach dem deutschen Überfall auf die Sowjetunion wurde sie am 29. Oktober 1941 in Kaunas ermordet. Ihre Mutter hat zwei von ihrer Tochter aus dem Litauischen übersetzte Erzählungen bewahrt. Unlängst gelangten die beiden Manuskripte ans Exilarchiv der DNB in Frankfurt/M.
The organization of microenvironments by eosinophil granulocytes and macrophages during local inflammation
Authors:   , Kolbinger Anja
Published: July 2024

Inflammation is a crucial host defense mechanism activated in response to injury or infection. Its primary goal is to eliminate the source of the disturbance, repair the damaged tissue, and restore homeostasis. Inflammatory processes can be recognized through increased blood flow, higher vascular permeability, and the recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins to the tissue. A pathogen-induced inflammation triggers various pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. Local tissue cells and Toll-like receptors call upon innate immune cells like neutrophils, dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes to respond to the intruder. They move across the endothelium and respond to local signals by releasing mediators or cytotoxic compounds, phagocytosing, or polarizing. To study local pathogen-induced inflammation, a zymosan-induced inflammation model was used in the hind paws of mice, which caused a Toll-like receptor 2 mediated inflammation. Multi-Epitope-Ligand-Cartography (MELC) was used for multiple sequential immunohistochemistry with 40 different antibodies on the same tissue. Bioinformatic analysis and graphical representation revealed a specific inflammatory architecture consisting of three major areas based on macrophage polarization and their cellular neighborhoods: a core region containing the pathogen, a pro-inflammatory region containing M1-like macrophages, and a region containing anti-inflammatory cells. This discovery highlights the coexistence of pro- and antiinflammatory processes during an ongoing inflammation and challenges the concept of a gradual temporal transition from pro- to anti-inflammation. Flow cytometry of the whole paw was performed to support and refine the MELC results. Eosinophils were used as a specific immune cell population to investigate their role in the inflammatory structure. They were found to be present in all three inflammatory regions, adapting their cytokine profile according to their localization. Depleting eosinophils reduced Interleukin 4 (IL-4)- levels, increased edema formation, and mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities during inflammation resolution. In the absence of eosinophils, pro- and anti-inflammatory region could not be determined in the inflammatory architecture, neutrophil numbers increased, and efferocytosis and M2-macrophage polarization were reduced. IL-4 administration restored these regions, normalized neutrophil numbers, efferocytosis, M2-macrophage polarization, and resolution of zymosan-induced hypersensitivity. The results show that eosinophils expressing IL-4 support the resolution of inflammation by enabling the development of an anti-inflammatory framework that encloses pro-inflammatory regions.
Assessing and Quantifying the Carbon, Nitrogen, and Enzyme Dynamics Effects of Inter-row Cover Cropping on Soils and Apple Tree Development in Orchards
Authors: Ma Jun , Li Guangzong , Tian Jianwen , Jia Yonghua , Chu Yannan , Yue Haiying , Wang Haixia , Li Xiaolong
Published: July 2024

Cover crops between rows in orchards can improve the development of soil resources and increase agricultural productivity. However, there have been few reports of cover crops that can act as a “green manure” in apple orchards across arid and semiarid zones. This study investigated the effects of planting interrow vegetation on soil properties and apple tree performance during a 32-month experiment. There were six treatments: clean cultivation as a control; natural grass planting; planting with ryegrass; planting with alfalfa; planting with tall fescue; and planting with villous wild pea cover crops. The treatments primarily affected the 0- to 20-cm surface soil layer. Soil carbon, nitrogen, and enzyme levels initially decreased (during the first 12–24 months); then, they increased (24–32 months). The cover crops significantly increased nutrient contents (soluble organic carbon, microbial carbon and nitrogen, alkaline dissolved nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen) in the 0- to 20-cm soil layer by more than 19.6% and increased the related enzyme activities by more than 25.2%. The alfalfa and wild pea alleys had a stronger effect on the soil environment than the control, natural grass, ryegrass, and tall fescue alley treatments; however, after 32 months, the alfalfa treatment inhibited fruit tree growth and development. This was unexpected because alfalfa seemed to have a positive effect on soil fertility characteristics. Under local ecological conditions, villous wild pea had the greatest effect on apple orchard productivity and significantly increased short branching by 15.9%, fruit weight per fruit by 12.6%, yield per plant by 8.6%, and soluble sugar content by 10.5% compared with clean cultivation. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant or highly significant positive correlations between fruit tree performance and soil carbon, nitrogen, and enzyme activity levels as the soil layer depth increased. Therefore, under local ecological conditions, cover crops have a greater effect on orchard surface soil fertility than on deeper soils, and intercropping with villous wild pea potentially produces the greatest improvement in apple orchard productivity.
Impact of the Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacterium Streptomyces saraceticus Strain 31 on Berry Quality of ‘Benifuji’ Grape: Improvements through the Reconfiguration of Fine Root Morphology and Vessel Anatomy
Authors: Ma Chuang , Li Yinghua , Tian Shufen , Wang Rong , Wang Chaoxia
Published: July 2024

In an effort to mitigate the environmental impact of chemical fertilizers, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have emerged as a more sustainable alternative. Streptomyces saraceticus 31 (‘SS31’), a new strain of biocontrol bacteria, was inoculated into rhizosphere soils of ‘Benifuji’ grape to evaluate its impact on grape roots and berries. The results indicated significant improvements in soil fertility, with higher levels of organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrate nitrogen compared with those of the controls. Moreover, ‘SS31’ application elicited a notable reduction in soil pH levels, along with a substantial augmentation in the enzymatic activities of both phosphatase and invertase. The grapes treated with ‘SS31’ exhibited a notable increase in the number, length, surface area, and volume of fine roots in both 0- to 10-cm and 10- to 20-cm soil profiles. The application of ‘SS31’ resulted in the observation of greater diameter, lower density, and larger lumen area, along with increased specific hydraulic conductivity in the vessels of roots with 1- to 2-mm diameters. Despite a slight reduction in berry weight compared with that of the controls, ‘Benifuji’ grape berries displayed higher total soluble solids and lower total titratable acidity after ‘SS31’ application. Furthermore, ‘SS31’ treatment elevated the levels of volatile compounds in berries, especially fatty acid-derived compounds. A network analysis revealed a robust positive correlation between the observed improvements in grape berry quality and the morphology as well as the hydraulic conductivity of the grape fine roots. In conclusion, these findings suggest that ‘SS31’ has the potential to enhance grape root function by expanding the root absorption area and facilitating water transportation. This, in turn, may improve the flavor and aroma of ‘Benifuji’ grape berries.
Morphological and Physiological Changes of Hydroponic Lettuce Grown in Varying Potassium Concentrations and an Adaptive Lighting Control System
Authors: Palsha Peyton Lou , van Iersel Marc W. , Dickson Ryan William , Seymour Lynne , Yelton Melanie , Ferrarezi Rhuanito Soranz
Published: July 2024

We investigated the growth dynamics of hydroponic lettuce (Lactuca sativa) driven by the influence that potassium (K+) has on crop growth. This study aimed to determine whether increased K+ concentrations under different daily light integrals (DLIs) in a hydroponic system will boost growth of greenhouse lettuce. This study was conducted within a controlled glass greenhouse environment with varying DLIs achieved by integrating an adaptive lighting control system over a 16-hour photoperiod. We used three K+ treatments of 200, 400, or 600 mg⋅L−1 K+ and six DLI lighting treatments of 11.1, 12.9, 14.6, 15.9, 16.9, and 17 mol⋅m−2⋅d−1. We found that increasing K+ did not increase shoot dry weight, leaf area, or specific leaf area with increasing DLIs. Although K+ and DLI had an interacting effect on the root dry weight fraction, leaf chlorophyll content, and quantum yield of photosystem II, the K+ treatments did not increase or decrease with increasing DLIs. The influencing factor was DLI, which led to increases in shoot dry weight and leaf area, whereas a decrease in specific leaf area was observed with increasing DLIs. Ultimately, adding supplemental concentrations of K+ did not enhance lettuce growth, nor did these effects show any increase with increasing DLIs.
The Life Journey of Mothers of Children Diagnosed with ADHD - A Generic Qualitative Research Approach -
Authors: Lee Ji Hye , Lee Sun Hae
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences and meanings of mothers raising children diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: Participants included four mothers who had undergone long-term multidisciplinary team therapies for their children's ADHD. Following a Generic Qualitative Research (GQI) approach, in-depth interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using sequence analysis and narrative inquiry strategies. Having divided the setting where the participants' experiences unfold into therapy systems, family systems, and school/community systems, the authors described the main interaction patterns for each system and for each participant, leading to the extraction of threads. Results: The personal experiences and meanings of the participants emerged within the relational contexts of various systems, with themes identified as “being objects of therapy to collaborative relationships”, “journeys of restructuring family systems”, “balance points with school/community systems”, and “move as self-generating and self-correcting organisms”. Conclusions: The study highlighted the importance of emphasizing the journey of life for children and families with neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD and provided implications for service development based on a systemic perspective.
Antiviral Medication Prediction Using A Deep Learning Model of Drug-Target Interaction for The Coronavirus SARS-COV
Authors: Fredyan Renaldy
Published: July 2024

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs) have shown promising performance in modeling graph data, particularly for small-scale molecules. Message-passing neural networks (MPNNs) are an important form of GCN variant. They excel at gathering and integrating particular information about molecules via several repetitions of message transmission. This capability has resulted in major advances in molecular modeling and property prediction. By combining the self-attention mechanism with MPNNs, there is potential to improve molecular representation while using Transformers' proven efficacy in other artificial intelligence disciplines. This research introduces a transformer-based message-passing neural network (T-MPNN) that is intended to improve the process of embedding molecular representations for property prediction. Our technique incorporates attention processes into MPNNs' message-passing and readout phases, resulting in molecular representations that are seamlessly integrated. The experimental results from three datasets show that T-MPNN outperforms or equals cutting-edge baseline models in tasks involving quantitative structure-property connections. By studying case studies of SARS-COV growth inhibitors, we demonstrate our model's ability to graphically depict attention at the atomic level. This enables us to pinpoint individual chemical atoms or functional groups linked with desirable biological properties. The model we propose improves the interpretability of classic MPNNs and is a useful tool for investigating the impact of self-attention on chemical substructures and functional groups in molecular representation learning. This leads to a better understanding of medication modes of action.
The Centralize Data by Utilizing CMIS to Assist Church Leaders in Making Strategic Plans (Case Study: XYZ Church)
Authors: Setiawan Putri Sanggabuana
Published: July 2024

Congregations are social entities that require a sense of community to function effectively. One of the most prominent locations for community engagement is the church. The diverse needs of congregants drive their attendance at church, including worship, social interaction, and spiritual growth. To fulfill these needs, churches offer a wide range of programs. To effectively address these needs, churches must have a clear understanding of the requirements of their congregants. A church management information system (CMIS) provides insight into the congregation's needs, enabling church leaders to comprehend their congregants' requirements and develop a strategic plan. The XYZ Church CMIS and data governance were developed based on a comprehensive literature review and input from IT professionals engaged in group discussions. This research's objective was to develop a CMIS to collect and manage data on the congregation and church. The insights from the CMIS have enabled church leaders to adjust event schedules. Prior to the implementation of the CMIS, the average attendance at events was below 20%. A review of the CMIS data over a 12-month period, in conjunction with the insights gained from group discussions with church leaders, revealed that event attendance had risen to above 70%. The church management information system has proven to be an effective tool for church leaders to create strategic plans for event scheduling, resulting in increased event attendance. In future research, it would be beneficial to consider not only enhancing event attendance but also increasing the number of congregants
Interactive Horror Story Games and Its Core Drive Implementations
Authors: Pratama Galih Dea , Novika Andien Dwi
Published: July 2024

In presenting immersive gameplay experience to its base of players, various game titles provide certain game techniques in its disposal. As in The Dark Pictures Anthology games, the series provides branching narrative to add the layers of challenge given to the player. In order to persuade the player to complete the game, there are Core Drives which embody the player’s motivation throughout the game itself. In this research, we will present how the Core Drives are represented in interactive horror story games through the experiment on The Dark Pictures Anthology Season One games with analysis on the Core Drives using Octalysis framework. The experiment shows that the game series brought many game techniques, with Narrative, Progress Bar, Instant Feedback, alongside Plant-Poison Picker, Count Down Timer, Visual Grave, and Rightful Heritage becoming the prominent techniques from the series.
YOLO-based Mobile Legends Match Result Parsing
Authors: Nur Muhammad Rizqi , Indraswari Rarasmaya
Published: July 2024

MOBA competitive gaming can benefit from AI advancement. However, data availability is a major issue for Mobile Legends, as opposed to more mature MOBA. In order to obtain high amount of data, it has to be crowdsourced, but it is only viable to collect screenshots. In this paper we propose a framework to automatically parse mobile legends match result screenshots based on YOLO. YOLO is used to locate and classify objects. Text objects are then parsed with OCR. The results are evaluated and compared with older approach using CNN classifiers. The new approach is 25 times faster while achieving the same perfect performance as the old CNN classifier approach.
Synthesis of GO/γ-Fe2O3 for Application in Solid-Phase Dispersive Magnetic Microextraction for Determination of Pesticides at Ultra-Trace Levels in River Water Samples by HPLC-DAD
Authors: Marcelo Luciana , Cesar Deborah , de Gois Jefferson
Published: July 2024

Nanocomposites of GO/γ-Fe2O3 were used for magnetic dispersive solid-phase microextraction (m-d-μ-SPE) of six pesticides from river water samples, followed by the determination using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection. The synthesis of the nanocomposites is described and characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. A central composite design was used to optimize the extraction time, sample solution pH, and adsorbent amount. The solvent type and volume for desorption and the effect of the ionic strength for adsorption were also investigated. The optimum adsorption conditions were achieved at 84 min of extraction time, pH 5.4, 115 mg of absorbent, and 1% (m/v) of NaCl, while the desorption solvent selected was 1.0 mL of methanolacetic acid (9:1, v/v). The limits of detection ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 μg L-1, and a good precision was achieved with relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 7.6% (n = 10). The accuracy of the method was accessed by recovery tests ranging from 82 to 117% (n = 3, RSD < 8%).
Improving positive work behavior of back office employees at sharia microfinance institutions with involvement in religious work life to anticipate fraud
Authors: Budiharjo Arif , Andriyani Komala , Kamila Dzakiya Salma , Hasan Norraidah Abu
Published: July 2024

Purpose - This research aims to determine how efforts to anticipate employee fraud, especially in the back office, are made through human resource development management. How HRD develops the conceptualization of quality work life with religiosity-based organizational cohesiveness nuances in strengthening the positive work behavior patterns of the back office so that fraud does not occur.Method - This research is a qualitative case study with the object of research at SMFIs. Data were obtained using in-depth interviews, observations, and by taking notes. The analysis techniques used were triangulation, visualization of results and patterns of matching between findings with previous research results and existing theories.Result - The research results are the conceptual development of quality work life nuanced cohesion with religiosity.Implication - The recommendations of this study are to strengthen the positive work behavior of Back Office Employees to anticipate fraud. And other recommendations to strengthen Religiosity Organizational Cohesion on the Quality of Work Life with Employee Involvement.Originality - This research is a study that solves the problem of negative behavior with an HR development approach, namely trying to color the Quality of Work Life with Religiosity Organizational Cohesion.
Islamic mutual funds: risk and return management
Authors: Gunanto Adi , Hamzalouh Lubna M. Omar , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Ridwan Mohammad
Published: July 2024

Purpose - This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the risks associated with investing in sharia fixed income mutual funds and how these risks can affect investment returns.Method - This research adopts a quantitative descriptive research approach that focuses on numerical data. The operational definition of mutual fund risk in this study refers to the concept of risk defined as the variability of returns from the type of securities that will form the portfolio. The securities that are the focus of this research are sharia fixed income mutual funds.Result - The performance of sharia fixed income mutual funds from 2021 to 2022 shows positive and significant developments.Implication - The findings of this research have significant implications for financial policymakers and investors. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the importance of ethical investment choices and compliance with sharia principles, providing investors with financial security and ethical satisfaction.Originality - This research contributes to the field of research by providing a comprehensive analysis of the risk and return characteristics of sharia fixed income mutual funds. Additionally, this research offers a more holistic view of investment performance.
The literature review of Islamic performance measurement models at sharia banks in Indonesia
Authors: Marheni Marheni , Falikhatun Falikhatun
Published: July 2024

Purpose - The purposive of study was to find out maqashid sharia performance measurement model in sharia banking.Method - This type of research was  qualitative descriptive research using a systematic literature review approach with primary data sources coming from ISSN or E-ISSN journal literature. Systematic literature review or structured article review is the process of identifying, assessing and interpreting all available research evidence with the aim of comparison, outcomes and providing answers to research questions.Result - Maqashid sharia measurement model mostly used at Islamic banking finance is the Sharia Maqashid Index (SMI). Maqashid sharia has the meaning of a goal that has been determined by the sharia for the ultimate benefit of human. Implication - Innovation of a strategic model to see and measure banking performance, therefore conventional banks and Islamic banks have different systems.Originality - This research combines sharia social performance and sharia financial performance into a performance measurement model.
Current Trends in Bank Marketing
Authors: Kozlova Olga , Kotova Olga , Slautina Evelina
Published: July 2024

New risks make bank marketing especially relevant in modern conditions, e.g., COVID-19 restrictions, political issues, economic sanctions, etc. These risks affect the activities of banks, which have to look for new ways to create and promote their services and products. Bank products are quite peculiar: on the one hand, they are difficult to perceive by potential customers; on the other hand, digital technologies provide banks with additional promotion andexpansion opportunities. Global trends in bank marketing include such new technologies as artificial intelligence and digital platforms, new mobile applications, new sales channels and competition with other banks in this sphere, cybersecurity, winning the trust of customers, etc. New risks force banks to fight for customers and expand their market share using bank marketing concepts and tools. Digital marketing includes not only new promotion channels but also such new approaches as brand performance. Banks strive to meet customers halfway and to conquer new age groups by using gamification and financial education. The authors used the 7P marketing model to analyze AO Bank.DOM.RF as an average Russian bank and to recommend new options of bank marketing in practice. The analysis included strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
Self-Sufficiency and Availability of Food in a New Subject of the Russian Federation: Status and Prospects
Authors: Kotov Evgeniy , Savchenko Ol'ga
Published: July 2024

The main indicators of food security are initially formed at the regional level while being oriented on the macroeconomy. The new subjects of the Russian Federation have to develop under a constant military threat. This situation makes it important for the state to monitor their self-sufficiency in food products, which must be physically and economically available to the population. The authors assessed the current and prospective sustainability and availability of food in the Donetsk People’s Republic. The structure and elements of food security and food supply were analyzed in line with the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. The article described the level of self- sufficiency in basic food products, the level of agricultural supply, and the level of processing relative to the consumption standards. The economic accessibility of food products was subjected to the comparative method based onthe minimal income level and the cost of living by the minimum consumption standards for each category of population. The cost of the consumer goods basket in 2015-2023 was analyzed demographically. The study proved that food security can be achieved by raising people’s income. Based on an expert survey and brainstorming, the authors developed a response matrix to potential risks and their consequences regarding the state administration of food security.
Effects of Uncertain Times on Standards and Quality of Life
Authors: Plyusnina Oksana , Butova Larisa , Konischev Egor , Plehanova Elena
Published: July 2024

National standards of living and quality of life depend not only on economic well-being, but also on how well-organized the social system is in its ability to maintain human development and psychological stability. In this regard, the COVID-19 pandemic gave start to social uncertainty. This article describes how the parameters of standards and quality of life changed during the post-pandemic uncertain times and how various public policies contributed to maintaining the key aspects of human development. The authors compared the indicators of the standards of living in Russia in 2019–2021 with those in other countries with developed economies. They also identified the risk areas in these spheres and showed how state policy measures maintained the standards and quality of life during the uncertain times. The research relied on statistical observation and grouping, comparative analysis, graphical method, logical method, and systematic approach, as well as on the method of absolute, relative, and average values. In 2019–2021, the key indicators of the standards of living decreased. As a result, the quality of life also went down. Russia’s standards of living differ from those in some advanced economies, e.g., Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, etc. However, most countries demonstrated very similar dynamics in their response to the external challenges of the pandemic. On the one hand, the uncertain times caused by the epidemic saw a drop in the parameters of the standards and quality of life. On the other hand, they created new development opportunities. The degree to which a country was ready to use these opportunities depended on the readiness of its society to change and the adaptability of its public administration.
Theoretical difficulties in the study of the law of the PRC
Authors: Malysheva Nataliya I. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

In particular, the knowledge of Chinese law, which was previously obtained by our national science, is not being sufficiently used nowadays. Russian legal scholars know little about the original latest legal theories of their Chinese colleagues. Studying the most complex legal phenomena in modern China requires taking into account the peculiarities of its national legal culture. In order to understand Chinese legal culture, we can refer to Chinese literature. It is advisable to use the cognitive potential of legal ethnology in the study of Chinese law. The problem of law sources is one of the most important as well as difficult for studying. One should keep to unified terminology developed by the theory of law, taking into account the fact that the law sources reveal their “specifics” within a particular legal system. Difficulties often arise in determining the meaning of translated legal terms when correlating them with the concepts that could seem similar for the Russian and Chinese legal systems. As an example, we consider the specific names of the acts of the Standing Committee of the NPC, which adopts laws, regulations, resolutions, regulations, and rules. Regarding all the complexities, researchers are recommended to turn to the experience of Soviet law, and pay attention to the fact that in order to qualify the acts of the Standing Committee of the NPC it is necessary to use not only a formal, but also a substantive criterion, as well as a criterion of legal force. No less of a problem is the study of the interpretation of the norms of Chinese law, formulated in various sources. From the formal legal side it is important to study the interpretations of the Standing Committee of the NPC. However, their small number confirms the importance of the explanations of the Supreme People’s Court on the current legislation application, as well as the special role of the Governing Court Cases of the Supreme People’s Court as models for resolving cases.
The voluntary refusal to commit a crime in the criminal law of Russia and China
Authors: Ivanova Evgeniia V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Code of the PRC concerning the institution of voluntary refusal to commit a crime. The question of understanding the term “voluntariness” in relation to the provisions of Article 31 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 24 of the Criminal Code of the PRC is studied, a distinction is made between subjective voluntariness, that is, directly related to the person committing the crime, and voluntariness associated with the objective possibility of a person to continue committing a crime. With regard to the provisions of Article 31 of the Criminal Code of the Russia, the question of the connection between voluntary refusal and the stages of committing a crime is raised, it is concluded that with regard to voluntary refusal, we are talking terminologically not about the stages of committing a crime, but about the stages of criminal behavior. It is indicated that in relation to Article 24 of the Criminal Code of the PRC, voluntary refusal can be of two types: at the stage of preparatory actions or at the stage of performing the objective side of the crime, as well as refusal after performing the objective side of the crime, but before the onset of the consequences that the offender sought. It is noted that the second type of voluntary refusal is not peculiar to Russian legislation, and therefore the provisions of Article 24 of the Criminal Code of the PRC are largely similar to the institution of active repentance in Russian Criminal Law. It is concluded that there is some similarity, but also a significant difference between voluntary refusal in the legislation of the two countries.
Emotional Expression of AI-generated Artistic Design: A Case Analysis Approach
Authors: Gao Jie ,   Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China., Yin Jun ,   College of Design, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China.
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the capabilities and constraints of artificial intelligence (AI) in creating art for emotional conveyance and its influence on art’s evolution. Anchored in Riegl’s concept of “Kunstwollen”, a case analysis method is applied to assess Théâtre D’opéra Spatial, an AI-generated artwork, in terms of emotional engagement, interactive experience, and inventive design. The findings suggest AI art transcends conventional visual limits but struggles with complex emotions’ nuanced portrayal, especially in simulating profound emotional resonance. Nevertheless, a collaborative approach between humans and AI emerges as a promising avenue for AI in emotional artistry. This research underscores AI’s role in broadening artistic horizons and spotlights the intricate balance between technological progress and the emulation of emotional cognition. Future work should enhance AI algorithms for more accurate emotion detection and articulation, striving for equilibrium in human-AI interaction. Such advancements in AI art would not only foster creative productivity but also precisely mirror and evoke human emotions, offering empirical support and strategic insights for seamlessly merging technology and art.
Avalokitesvara in Pala Art: An Iconographic study with special reference to Sadhanamala
Authors: Kumari Savita ,   Associate Professor, Department of History of Art, the Indian Institute of Heritage, Noida, Deemed to be University, India
Published: July 2024

This paper attempts to trace the evolution of Avalokitesvara from being an attendant deity to becoming one of the prominent deities of the Buddhist pantheon through the development of its imagery and its representation in various Buddhist textual sources. This paper particularly focuses on the iconographic and stylistic depiction of Avalokitesvara images of the Pala period. During this period, the imagery of Avalokitesvara became highly evolved and complex with the efflorescence of Vajrayana Buddhism. Examples of its many forms have been highlighted to signify its various manifestations and its popularity as a Buddhist deity within the region of India as well as abroad in regions such as China, Nepal, Tibet and others.
Treatment of greywater using a non-aerated combined horizontal and vertical flow constructed wetland
Authors: Bryant Isaac Mbir , Akpah Daniel , Ogum Mary Aku , Gyamfi Emmanuella Ernestina , Baka Nancy
Published: July 2024

Human, animal, and plant health is universally paramount, yet the release of poorly treated wastewater into the environment poses a significant risk to all life forms. Hence the need to employ wastewater treatment technologies to curb these health risks. Due to the need to adopt sustainable wastewater treatment technologies, this study investigated the use of a non-aerated hybrid horizontal and vertical flow constructed wetland for the removal of heavy metals and microorganisms from greywater. This was done at six different hydraulic retention times. Results showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in heavy metal (manganese, zinc, cadmium, magnesium, chromium, and iron) concentrations, with some showing compliance to Ghana's Environmental Protection Agency and the United Kingdom National Environment Regulation recommended discharge limits. Heavy metal concentrations in effluent samples ranged from as low as 0.00 ± 0.15–0.23 ± 0.06 mg/L. Furthermore, there were significant reductions in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi (p < 0.05), which also showed compliance to Ghana's Environmental Protection Agency effluent discharge standards. The effluents from the system at HRT 3 days showed high removal efficiency ranges of 82–90% of bacteria. It is recommended that hybrid constructed wetlands should be incorporated in the treatment of greywater.
Matrine-loaded Nano-liposome Induces Apoptosis in Human Esophageal-squamous Carcinoma KYSE-150 Cells
Authors: Zhao Kai , Cai Yun , Raza Faisal , Zafar Hajra , Pan Liang , Zheng Xifeng , Xu Wenjie , Li Ran , Shi Feng , Ma Yongbin
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Esophageal-Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) is often diagnosed at the middle or
late stage, thus requiring more effective therapeutic strategies. Pharmacologically, the anti-tumor activity of
the principal active constituent of Sophora flavescens, matrine (MA), has been explored widely. Notwithstanding,
it is significant to nanotechnologically enhance the anti-tumor activity of MA in view of its potential to
distribute non-tumor cells.

Methods:

Herein, MA-loaded Nano-Liposomes (MNLs) were prepared to enhance the effect of anti-ESCC.
The MNL showed a smaller sized particle (25.95 ± 1.02 nm) with a low polydispersed index (PDI = 0.130 ±
0.054), uniform spherical morphology, good solution stability, and encapsulated efficiency (65.55% ± 2.47).
Furthermore, we determined the characteristics of KYSE-150 cells by cell viability assay, IC50, Mitochondrial
Membrane Potential (MMP), Western blot, and apoptotic analysis, which indicated that MNLs down-regulated
the cell viability and IC50 in a concentration-dependent manner and induced a significant change in JC-1 fluorescence
from red to green.

Results:

The above observations resulted in increased Bax and Caspase-3 levels, coupled with a substantial decrease
in Bcl-2 and apoptotic promotion at the advanced stage compared with MA.

Conclusion:

Based on these results, MNLs may serve as a more effective and promising therapeutic option for
ESCC.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Pyrroles, Pyridines, Chromenes, Coumarins, and Betti Bases via Alcohol Dehydrogenation with Chroman-4-one Amino Ligands
Authors: Khan Danish , Kumari Beauty , Alzahrani Abdullah Yahya Abdullah , Dua Neha , Shaily  , Maurya Nirma
Published: July 2024

:

This study outlines the development of a novel approach utilizing microwave
assistance for the alcohol dehydrogenative reaction. The process is catalyzed by manganese
(II) and cobalt (II) in conjunction with chroman-4-one amino ligands. This research introduces
a unique catalytic system capable of synthesizing various heterocyclic compounds,
including pyrroles, pyridines, Betti bases, chromenes, and coumarins via alcohol dehydrogenation.
The synthesis involved the preparation and characterization of a series of chroman-
4-one amino ligands (C1-C6) using standard analytical techniques. These ligands, in
combination with MnCl2‧4H2O and CoCl2, demonstrated remarkable catalytic activity,
effectively driving alcohol dehydrogenation. The catalytic cycle was initiated by the in-situ
formation of metal complexes with the ligands during the reaction. Characterization using
ESI-MS confirmed the presence of metal complexes (Int-1) and other intermediates (Int-II and Int-III)
throughout the catalytic cycle. Additionally, the controlled experiment corroborated the efficacy of the catalytic
system, evidenced by the evolution of H2 gas.
Overexpression of NOP58 Facilitates Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and Stemness of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Stabilizing hsa_circ_0001550
Authors: Jiang Yiqian , Cai Ying , Bao Yanhong , Kong Xiangyang , Jin Haigang
Published: July 2024

Background:

NOP58 ribonucleoprotein (NOP58) is associated with the recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma.

Aims:

Few investigations concentrate on the role of NOP58 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the
focus of our current study.

Methods:

Following transfection, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells were assessed by 5-
ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU), wound healing, and transwell assays. The percentage of CD9+ cells was evaluated
by flow cytometry assay. Based on target genes and binding sites predicted through bioinformatics analysis, a
dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the targeting relationship between hsa_circ_0001550 and
NOP58. The effect of NOP58 overexpression on hsa_circ_0001550 stability was gauged using Actinomycin D.
The hsa_circ_0001550 and NOP58 expression levels, as well as protein expressions of CD44, CD133, OCT4, and
SOX2 in NSCLC cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results:

Hsa_circ_0001550 was remarkably up-regulated in NSCLC cell lines A549 and PC9, silencing of which
weakened cell abilities to proliferate, migrate and invade, decreased CD9+ cell ratio, and diminished protein
expressions of CD44, CD133, OCT4, and SOX2. NOP58 could bind to hsa_circ_0001550 and stabilize its expression,
and NOP58 overexpression partially abrogated hsa_circ_0001550 knockdown-inhibited NSCLC cell
proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness.

Conclusion:

Overexpression of NOP58 facilitates proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of NSCLC
cells by stabilizing hsa_circ_0001550, hinting that NOP58 is a novel molecular target for NSCLC therapy.
A New Drug for Obesity: Tirzepatide
Authors: Sidhu Jaspreet K. , Singh Surjit
Published: July 2024

Obesity is now recognised as an emerging public health problem across the globe. Its
incidence has been growing in the last two decades. Furthermore, as per the obesity treatment
guidelines, a comprehensive approach that incorporates behavioural treatment, medications,
lifestyle modifications, and/or bariatric surgery is the best way to manage weight. A novel dual
agonist of Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and Glucagon-like peptide -1 (GLP-
1) receptors, Tirzepatide, was recently approved for the management of obesity. Tirzepatide
manages blood sugar levels and enhances weight loss more than GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Graves' Disease in Hypopituitarism Due to Pituitary Apoplexy
Authors: Mura Chiara , Sonnino Rebecca , Crispino Laura , Rota Carlo Antonio , Pontecorvi Alfredo
Published: July 2024

Background:

Central hypothyroidism and autoimmune hyperthyroidism are contrasting
pathologies requiring careful hormone monitoring for restoring euthyroidism. Their coexistence
is rare and challenging for clinicians [1, 2].

Case Report::

We have, herein, presented the case of a 41-year-old female patient with an unremarkable
clinical history except for chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in euthyroidism. At the 21st
week of gestation, she experienced a spontaneous abortion. The patient underwent an assessment
of the uterine cavity, which was complicated by bleeding and hypotensive shock. In the
postoperative course, the patient presented worsening headache, and after an MRI, the diagnosis
of pituitary apoplexy due to an ischemic-hemorrhagic base was made. Laboratory tests showed
anterior panhypopituitarism. Multiaxial replacement therapy was initiated with hydrocortisone,
levothyroxine (LT4), and subsequently estrogen-progestin and GH. After two years of good
recovery with stable LT4 dosage, the patient experienced palpitations and fine tremors; blood
tests showed hyperthyroidism with suppressed Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels and
elevated free thyroid fractions and anti-TSH receptor antibodies. Diagnosis of Graves’ disease
was made, and therapy with methimazole was initiated. During antithyroid therapy, TSH remained
persistently suppressed, consistent with the underlying central hypothyroidism. This
condition required close follow-up, with monitoring based solely on free thyroid hormone levels.
After six months of antithyroid therapy, disease remission was achieved, with negative antibodies
and mild hypothyroxinemia. Therefore, methimazole was discontinued and replacement
therapy gradually resumed until optimal hormone levels were reached.

Conclusion:

This case is unique demonstrating autoimmune hyperthyroidism to coexist with
central hypothyroidism, rendering TSH a misleading disease progression indicator. Consequently,
managing Graves' disease has become more complex and challenging
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies of the Fuke Qianjin Capsule....
Authors: Lu Si-Qi , Han Qian-Xi , Xv Long-Chen , Zhou Ping-Da , Zhou Jia-Meng , Wang Wei , Pan Jie , Zhu Wen-Tao
Published: July 2024

Objective:

This research aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Fuke Qianjin
capsule combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, including
the associated complications (endometritis and adnexitis).

Methodology:

We searched 4 Chinese and 3 English databases from their establishment to May,
2023. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the Fuke Qianjin capsule combined with antibiotics
was included in the trial group. The meta-analysis used the RevMan 5.4 software provided by
the Cochrane collaboration network.

Results:

A total of 103 RCTs were included, specifically 58 on chronic pelvic inflammatory disease,
6 on endometritis, and 39 on adnexitis (n= 9820, trial group n = 4925, control group n =
4895). The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that the total effective rate of the Fuke Qianjin
capsule combined with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease
(RR=1.21, 95%CI [1.18, 1.25], Z=14.86, p < 0.00001), endometritis (RR=1.22, 95%CI [1.13,
1.31], Z=5.31, p < 0.00001), and adnexitis (RR=1.26, 95%CI [1.23, 1.30], Z=16.49, p < 0.00001)
was significantly better than that of antibiotics alone. Equally important, the relief time of clinical
symptoms, the incidence of adverse reactions, and the recurrence rate (p < 0.05) were significantly
lower than those of antibiotics alone.

Conclusion:

The Fuke Qianjin capsule combined with antibiotics was found to be superior to
those in the antibiotic group alone. However, this conclusion necessitates further improvements,
such as being supported by a greater number of high-quality and substantive research samples.