bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competition in the Digital Age: Searching Responses to Strategic Challenges for Russia (Based on the Materials of the 18th International Scientific and Practical Conference “Competitive Russia: Foresight Model of Economic and Legal Development in the Digital Age”)
Authors: Kalinina Alla
Published: March 2020

The era of digital technologies opens up promising opportunities at all levels of the state and social development, and determines fundamental changes in all spheres of human life. In preparation for these changes and unlocking their potential, policymakers in all countries of the world should pay special attention to the digital fundamentals of the economic transformation, so as not only to be able to enhance the competitiveness of the economic system, but also to smooth out the disruptive effects of emerging technologies. A special role in this context is played by the creation and functioning of scientific platforms for finding answers to such strategic challenges and threats, both for Russia and for all countries of the world. The International Scientific and Practical Conference “Competitive Russia: Foresight Model of Economic and Legal Development in the Digital Age” held at Volgograd State University and dedicated to the memory of Oleg Vasilyevich Inshakov, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, is one of such venues. Its results will serve as a fruitful methodological and theoretical basis for developing recommendations on systemic ensuring the competitiveness of the domestic economy in the context of the transition to a new technological structure and the implementation of a digital development scenario.
Managing Young People’s Talents and Their Development in Modern Management
Authors: Mizintseva Mariya , Sardaryan Anna , Chugrina Mariya
Published: March 2020

The article examines key problems and trends in functioning of talent management systems in the modern business environment. The authors give a brief history of the emergence of talent management as a personnel technology, a brief review of literature on the subject, investigate the main characteristics of a talented employee. In addition, the article presents the author’s research, the purpose of which was to identify the most pronounced talents among young people, as well as to study the necessary directions in the development of talents, according to young people. The study was attended by 350 students, including already working undergraduate students who are employees of Russian companies. As a result, it was revealed that the today’s youth often discover their talents in the field of sports, public speaking, learning foreign languages, entrepreneurship, etc. The main directions of modern young people’s talent development are the following: organizing scientific and creative activities for young people; participating in international intellectual, creative and sports competitions; creating conditions for training of young employees, etc. The authors note that the process of the talent development and management should be systematic and based on “school – university – employment – training” continuity.
Professional journal in the system of scientific knowledge
Authors: Simonov Veniamin V.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the article is to determine the place of the new professional journal on the history of the Church offered to the reader in the flow of special literature, taking into account the current state of humanitarian knowledge in the context of globalization and the systemic crisis of institutional Christianity.
Hardly a Surprise: Six New Kielmeyera Species (Calophyllaceae) from Brazilian Southeast Atlantic Forest
Authors: Trad Rafaela Jorge , Bittrich Volker , Amaral Maria do Carmo Estanislau do
Published: March 2020

Abstract—Six new Kielmeyera species (Calophyllaceae) are presented here (K. cataractae, K. colibri, K. doceana, K. inopinata, K. oreophila, and K. stevensii), all from the Atlantic
Forest in southeastern Brazil, from the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro. Complete descriptions, illustrations, and morphological comparisons with the most similar species for each new species are provided. We also estimated their conservation status according
to IUCN criteria. Additionally, an identification key for Kielmeyera species with pollen grains in monads and usually ciliated sepal margins from Atlantic Forest and a comparison table are provided.
Euphorbia adenoplicata, a New Species of Euphorbia sect. Crossadenia from Brazil
Authors: Marques da Silva Otávio Luis , Antar Guilherme Medeiros , Riina Ricarda , Cordeiro Inês
Published: March 2020

Abstract—A new species, Euphorbia adenoplicata, is here described and illustrated. The species was found in the vicinity of Serra Geral do Tocantins, close to the border of the states of Tocantins and Bahia, within the Cerrado biome, where it grows in
cerrado rupestre (rocky savannah vegetation). Euphorbia adenoplicata is placed in Euphorbia sect. Crossadenia based on morphological characters. The species is unique within the section due to its cyathial glands with the margins folded in the middle portion, splitting
each gland into two cavities. We compare the morphology and ecology of E. adenoplicata with E. sarcodes and other species of E. sect. Crossadenia subsect. Ephedropeplus. Finally, we recommend that E. adenoplicata be considered critically endangered
due to its extreme rarity.
Leaf Structure of Microlicieae (Melastomataceae): Taxonomic and Adaptive Implications
Authors: Oliveira do Carmo Amanda Aparecida , Cássero Lareska Zirondi , Pacifico Ricardo , Fidanza Karina , Antonio de Souza Luiz
Published: March 2020

Abstract—Microlicieae is a Neotropical tribe of Melastomataceae, and most of its species are endemic to Brazil, especially in campo rupestre sites. The campo rupestre ecosystem occurs in areas with shallow soils deficient in water and nutrients, and elevations above
900 m. Foliar characters provide important structural features which are of taxonomic value for Melastomataceae. Due to the high degree of endemism, taxonomic issues, and variety of water economy strategies found in Melastomataceae, our objective was to evaluate the leaf structure in 25 species
of Microlicieae, aiming to identify potentially taxonomically informative characters which may have favored the radiation and diversification of this tribe. According to our results, Lavoisiera seems to be homogeneous regarding leaf characters, while Microlicia and Trembleya
are highly variable in leaf size and general structure of veins and mesophyll. The leaf xeromorphism was presumably a relevant factor in the diversification of this tribe. Rhynchantera exhibited mesomorphic leaf characters, suggesting that the emergence of these features occurred after
the divergence of this group from the rest of the clade.
A New Micro-Endemic Species of Alectryon (Sapindaceae) from Koghis Forest, New Caledonia
Authors: Munzinger Jérôme , Lowry Porter P. , Callmander Martin W. , Buerki Sven
Published: March 2020

Abstract—The new species Alectryon hirsutus is described from New Caledonia. It is distinguished from the only other member of the genus occurring on this southwest Pacific island, A. carinatus, by its uniformly densely hirsute indumentum (vs. glabrous
or with short, appressed trichomes) as well as features of its leaves [(2‐)3‐5 pairs of leaflets vs. 1‐2]) and fruits (9‐16 × 16‐28 mm vs. 5.6‐13 × 5.7‐10.6 mm), along with its presence in dense humid forest (vs. sclerophyllous or
lowland dry forest). A preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered [CR] is suggested following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Molecular and Morphological Evidence Reveals a New Species of Antiphytum (Echiochiloideae, Boraginaceae) from Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: Mendoza-Díaz Nidia , Ochoterena Helga , Moore Michael J. , Flores-Olvera Hilda
Published: March 2020

Abstract—Molecular and morphological evidence supports a new species in the genus Antiphytum from the Sierra Madre del Sur, in the state of Guerrero, Mexico, here described as Antiphytum brevicalyx. This species is unique in the genus by possessing
a calyx shorter than the corolla tube at anthesis; it is similar to A. floribundum in inflorescence arrangement, but differs from that species in lacking a basal leaf rosette and having appendages on the corolla throat. According to phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ITS and plastid ndhF-rpl32
sequences representing seven of the eight North American species of the genus besides the proposed new species, accessions of A. brevicalyx form a well-defined clade within Antiphytum, corroborating its distinctive morphology. However, the analyses do not resolve the phylogenetic
position of A. brevicalyx within the genus.
Mcdadea: A New Genus of Acanthaceae Endemic to the Namib Desert of Southwestern Angola
Authors: Tripp Erin A. , Darbyshire Iain
Published: March 2020

Abstract—Acanthaceae represent one of the most ecologically dominant families of plants in the Namib Desert and adjacent portions of Namibia and Angola yet have never been comprehensively treated from a taxonomic perspective in the region. Recent fieldwork in Angola
yielded discovery of two populations of plants, morphologically allied to the tribe Ruellieae, that could not be ascribed to any known genus. Morphological study combined with molecular phylogenetic analysis based on ddRAD sequencing that sampled broadly across other lineages of Ruellieae
yielded evidence for a new, previously undocumented lineage of Acanthaceae, which we here formally describe under the monotypic Mcdadea. Plants of M. angolensis are characterized as compact, weak-wooded shrubs with dense vegetation, minute corollas, and small, 2-seeded
capsules. The species is restricted to limestone mesas and outcroppings in ultra-arid deserts of Namibe Province, southwestern Angola, where plants rely primarily on coastal fog for precipitation. Although highly range-restricted, there are no known threats to this species and it is currently
assessed as of Least Concern. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest treatment of Mcdadea angolensis within a newly described subtribe of Ruellieae: Mcdadeinae. Additional revisions to subtribal classification are herein presented, including placement of Calacanthus
within Ruelliineae, placement of Echinacanthus within Petalidiinae, and description of two additional new subtribes, Dinteracanthinae and Phaulopsinae.
Anthropocene and Empire: Discourse Networks of the Human Record
Authors: Lee James Jaehoon , Beckelhimer Joshua
Published: March 2020

Scientists have recently proposed 1610 as a candidate for the first year of the new geological epoch known as the Anthropocene. They pinpoint the rise of European colonialism and the global movement of life among ecosystems it precipitated as the triggers for measurable changes in the earth system. We used digital humanities methods to mine historical archives to evaluate the relations among colonialism, early modern globalism, and the origins of the Anthropocene. We suggest that the Anthropocene was initiated by a premodern earth system that defined life across the globe in spatial terms, furthering the goals of empire—a regime of biopower that has not been adequately acknowledged in debates on the Anthropocene. We propose that the idea of empire, rather than Enlightenment narratives of progress and scientific modernity, must be considered in our definition of the Anthropocene. (JJL and JB)
Coding for the Many, Transforming Knowledge for All: Annotating Digital Documents
Authors: Barker Elton , Foka Anna , Konstantinidou Kyriaki
Published: March 2020

Annotation—“A Note Added to Anything Written, By Way of Explanation or Comment”—Is Almost as Old as Writing Itself (“annotation”). Among the first texts to be written down, Homer's oral poems survive thanks first to Hellenistic scholars, whose comments and explanations formed the editions that came down to us, and second to later manuscript technology, which enabled the painstaking copying of both the texts and the notes associated with them (see fig. 1). At the I Annotate 2019 conference, Gardner Campbell reflected on the meaning ofto noteand identified as its essence the idea of signing: “A sign that we formulate, a sign that we leave, a sign thatpointsto something, points to a meaning, points to another word, but also points to thepointer.We leave signs;weleave signs;Iannotate. The agency in the word note is extraordinary” (00:07:35-58). To note is, as Campbell'skeynoteput it, a fundamental act of attention, of sharing, as basic as “water” or “love” (00:06:16-00:07:25). To note is an essential human act.
Dimensions of Scale: Invisible Labor, Editorial Work, and the Future of Quantitative Literary Studies
Authors: Klein Lauren F.
Published: March 2020

This essay calls for a conceptual reorientation of how quantitative methods in literary studies are currently framed, arguing for an expansion from a linear model bounded by the endpoints ofdistantandcloseto a space defined by multiple dimensions of scale. I explore the axis bounded byvisibleandinvisibleas an example of one of the additional dimensions that might constitute this expanded conceptual frame. In demonstrating its potential for producing new knowledge, I examine the editorial work of two women abolitionists, Mary Ann Shadd (1823–93) and Lydia Maria Child (1802–80). I show how topic modeling and statistical analysis can help identify and describe their invisible editorial labor. I thus provide an additional layer of evidence in support of the argument that positions women, and black women in particular, at abolition's vanguard. I also show how both women employed editing as a method of community formation and world building. I conclude by extending the example of editorial work to the labor required to perform quantitative work today, underscoring the importance of expanding the frame in which quantitative methods in literary study are conceptualized and deployed. (LFK)
Machine Learning and Human Perspective
Authors: Underwood Ted
Published: March 2020

Numbers appear to have limited value for literary study, since our discipline is usually more concerned with exploring differences of interpretation than with describing the objective features of literary works. But it may be time to reexamine the assumption that numbers are useful only for objective description. Machine learning algorithms are actually bad at being objective and rather good at absorbing human perspectives implicit in the evidence used to train them. To dramatize perspectival uses of machine learning, I train models of genre on groups of books categorized by historical actors who range from Edwardian advertisers to contemporary librarians. Comparing the perspectives implicit in their choices casts new light on received histories of genre. Scientific romance and science fiction—whose shifting names have often suggested a fractured history—turn out to be more stable across two centuries than the genre we call fantasy. (TU)
Journalism Theories: Why They Do Not Work?
Authors: Dmitrovsky Andrei
Published: March 2020

The discussion started by the journal Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism to revise the existing approaches to the theory of journalism, did not arise by chance. According to some philosophers, we are witnessing the dismantling of the capitalist system: the world is irreversibly changing. This fact applies to all spheres of life. Obviously, a new — third (in addition to mental and cultural), virtual reality is being formed (hyperreality). The era of the Digital is coming, the time of artificial entities — simulacra.
And it is precisely at this epoch break that the essence of journalism manifested itself. Why was society able to exist? Solely thanks to a certain centripetal force integrating the most diverse centrifugal elements and aspirations into a single rational human system. Not politics, not economics, not culture, but journalism, through the organization of the flow of images, allows all those social institutions to function normally, which we habitually perceive as managers of society. The attitude towards journalism itself reflects this fact: it has not yet developed generally accepted criteria for excellence. And if for the functioning of the journalism of the Gutenberg era, its superficial understanding was sufficient, then today the theorists are confused before the surging reality: media, journalism, media and mediality, communications, IT technologies, virtuality.
The author substantiates the idea that the problem of creating the theory of journalism lies not in certain scientific approaches (or specific scientific disciplines), but in the absence of understanding of the phenomenon of journalism that would be congruent (authentic) with modern realities. Today the vast majority of researchers (at least in Russia) is interpreting journalism as a kind of narrow field of practice, without actually taking into account the true scale and importance of the "media phenomenon" in the functioning of the modern information society. To solve this problem it is necessary to create a General (meta-) theory of journalism, which has the character of interdisciplinary generalization.
Managerial Competencies of an Investigator and the Specifics of Their Implementation in Crime Investigation
Authors: Lebedev Nikolai , Lebedeva Yulia
Published: March 2020

The authors describe the contents of managerial work of an investigator that includes the following elements: analysis of the investigative situation; provision of investigative leads; planning; taking investigative or other procedural actions; organization of interaction not only with the departments involved in investigative and criminalistic work, but also with other government and non-government bodies, public organizations and community members; making a decision to end preliminary investigation. They also describe the specific features of managerial work of an investigator while taking into account the variability of investigative situations and their contents, legal status of the participants of criminal proceedings, the deficit of time and the boundaries of investigative and other procedural actions, the necessity of psychological support of an investigator’s work, the presence of prosecutor's supervision that makes it possible to identify drawbacks in an investigator's work in time and quickly correct them, as well as of court control that underlines the importance of procedural actions that can only be sanctioned by a court decision. The opinions of scholars regarding the concept of «managerial competencies» and its contents are presented. The authors show that it is necessary to form and further improve the managerial competencies of an investigator on the basis of a competence approach used in public service, and to introduce a special complex of psychological techniques that show if an investigator possesses or lacks the competencies necessary for his work, in the process of psychological support of an investigator’s managerial activities. They also describe the correlations between the competencies of people that manage an investigation and the effectiveness of the work of agencies responsible for the pre-trial criminal proceedings in general. The specific features of implementing the competencies of an investigator in investigating crimes are described.
The Expression of the Will of the Accused (the Suspect) as a Criminal Procedure Category
Authors: Artamonova Elena
Published: March 2020

In modern criminal procedure regulations, the will of a criminally prosecuted person is gaining a greater influence on the criminal procedure, sometimes directing it, and in other cases — predetermining its results. The lawmaker is giving a criminally prosecuted person more opportunities to influence criminal procedure activities, and direct criminal case proceedings. In the current legal landscape, the expression of the will of the accused (the suspect) is supported by a sound legal basis and has become a prerequisite for the implementation of many criminal procedure institutions. A criminally prosecuted person has a certain scope of permissible actions, and is free to act within this scope. The author describes historical changes in the attitude of the state towards a person accused or suspected of a crime and examines the evolution of a new criminal procedure phenomenon — the expression of the will of the accused (the suspect). The author also breaks the development of Russian criminal proceedings into periods depending on the influence that the will of the prosecuted person has on the criminal procedure activities. It is shown that the will of the accused (the suspect) has a certain impact on the criminal procedure at all stages of criminal court proceedings. The author proves that the will of the accused (the suspect) as a legal phenomenon has become a criminal procedure category. It is concluded that, from the viewpoint of current criminal procedure legislation and the practice of its enforcement, especially in view of its further improvement, there is a necessity to introduce a new criminal procedure category, which has, in fact, already emerged — the category of «the expression of the will of the accused (the suspect)».
Topical Problems of Criminal Prosecution for Illegal Banking Transactions
Authors: Alekseeva Diana , Mikheeva Irina , Suspitsyna Tatyana
Published: March 2020

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of crimes under Art. 172 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation («Illegal banking»), whose subjects, among other things, act as intermediaries for their clients and are not one of the sides in a contract with the bank. Such practice is not indisputable, because innocent people could be prosecuted if there is a mistake in the qualification of actions. The authors of the article assess the actions of physical persons providing the services of intermediaries for the bank clients who open accounts, make payments, conduct encashment and different cash operations. Specifically, the authors note that different actions of the bank and the client connected with banking transactions are designated in law in the same way, which leads to controversial situations, including the qualification of such actions as crimes. The authors determine the legal nature of banking as an aggregate of systemic banking operations and conclude that the actions of physical persons — intermediaries who are not bank employees or managers or other persons authorized by the clients of the bank — do not correspond to the characteristics of a crime under Art. 172 of Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. They stress that the current edition of Art. 172 of the CC of the RF does not allow for an unambiguous interpretation of the subject of the analyzed corpus delicti; the authors also present data from court practice that testify that it does not have a uniform assessment. The position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on this issue raises questions. The authors support the legal approach according to which Art. 172 of the CC of the RF refers to a special subject (head or other employee of a credit organization). They also point out that the disposition of the norm, in the part that includes subjective characteristics, makes it possible to prosecute a person for both intentional and negligent actions, which is not very well-grounded; the authors support the position that a person can only be prosecuted for illegal entrepreneurship if the intention is determined.
Expert Opinion and Witness Testimony as Key Evidence in Criminal Cases on Incitement to Suicide
Authors: Bryanskaya Elena , Samaryn Vadzim
Published: March 2020

For the last five years Belarus and Russia have been among the top five countries for suicide indices. Their rise was caused by the activities of destructive groups in social networks. Experience shows that criminal proceedings for many criminal cases connected with suicides were terminated due to the absence of a crime. Thus, a thorough collection of evidence for this category of criminal cases becomes especially vital. When analyzing the court practice of incitement to suicide, the authors concluded that the most persuasive evidence is expert opinion and witness testimony. Besides, such written documents as medical cards (medical records) of potential suicides have high probative value in the investigation of criminal cases. Timely initiation and conduction of expertise could reveal signs of incitement to suicide, for example, using physical violence against the victim or a staged suicide. As the Criminal Procedure Code sometimes prescribes an expertise for a specific criminal case, such expert opinion will become a key source, a type of evidence that, at the level of a judge’s inner conviction, will have significant legal force when assessed together with other evidence. Thus, it is possible to discuss evidence that has key value, but, at the same time, it should be connected with other information on the criminal case, and together they should make up an integral crime narrative. The European Court of Human Rights introduced a concept of «key evidence» in the practice of criminal proceedings. The analysis of court practice allowed the authors to suggest that key evidence is information that acts as the main fact and is included in the subject matter of the case. This conclusion does not contradict the rule of free assessment of evidence: during such assessment, none of the evidence has predetermined, preconceived legal force. Only when the evidence is harmonized, it is possible to talk about a comprehensive investigation and an objective assessment of evidence.
Gender Description on Problem-Solving Skills in Chemistry Learning Using Interactive Multimedia
Authors: GUNAWAN Gunawan , MASHAMİ Ratna Azizah , HERAYANTİ Lovy
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to examine the effect of interactive multimedia on problem-solving skills based on gender. The sample was chemistry education students in IKIP Mataram that consisted of 10 males and females’ students each. This study was pre-experimental research with a pretest-posttest one group design. Data collection was obtained by tests and interviews. The test of the problem-solving, in the form of the essay, was divided into three types, namely conceptual, algorithm, and conceptual-algorithm problems. Problem-solving was measured following the stages of Polya's problem-solving, namely understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back. The interview was conducted to gain more insight into their problem solving skill. Data were analyzed statistically using independent sample t-test and normalized gain scores (N-gain). The results of the analysis of the initial data obtained a significant value of 0.809, which indicated there was no difference between the problem-solving skills of male and female students. Meanwhile, the final data analysis obtained a significant value of 0.034 which means there was a difference between the problem-solving skills of the students. This furthermore showed that the use of interactive multimedia in chemistry learning increased the problem-solving skills of male better than the female. Moreover, male students’ problem-solving skills were higher than the females in all types of problems and at all stages of problem-solving. Due to interactive multimedia, the conceptual understanding and learning motivation of students is enhanced.
Analytical Solving the Optimal Control Problem of Spacecraft’s Slew Maneuver with Minimal Energy of Rotation
Authors: Levskii M. V.
Published: March 2020

Dynamic problem of optimal reorientation from an arbitrary initial attitude into the given final angular position with restricted control which minimizes kinetic energy of spacecraft rotation was solved. Termination time of maneuver is known. Quadratic criterion of quality is applied for finding the optimal control program. Use of integral index in special form concerning angular velocity has helped solve the formulated problem by analytical way. Control law was written down in explicit form. Designing the optimal control is based on quaternion variables and models. It is shown that during optimal turn, the controlling moment is parallel to the straight line which is immobile in the inertial space, and direction of spacecraft’s angular momentum in the process of rotation is constant relative to the inertial coordinate system. Special control regime was studied in detail, and conditions of the impossibility of occurrence of this regime are formulated. It is proven that spacecraft rotates by inertia in special control regime if it exists. The formalized equations and computational expressions for determining the optimal rotation program and duration of acceleration and braking were written. A dependence of control variables on phase coordinates is presented also. The proposed control algorithm allows the spacecraft’s reorientation to be carried out within the fixed time period with minimal angular kinetic energy. Analytical expressions for computing the time characteristics of reorientation maneuver are given, and condition for determination of the moment of the beginning of the braking, based on factual kinematic parameters of motion judging by principles of terminal control is formulated, that provides high accuracy of orientation. A comprehensive solution to the control problem is presented for a dynamically symmetric spacecraft: the dependences as explicit functions of time for the control variables are obtained, and relations for calculating the key parameters of the turn maneuver’s control law are given also. A numerical example and the results of mathematical simulation of spacecraft’s motion with optimal control are presented, which demonstrate the practical feasibility of the designed method for controlling the spacecraft attitude. Presence of ready formulas for synthesis of optimal motion program during reorientation maneuver does the executed research as practically significant and suitable for direct use in practice of space flights.
The People’s Champ: Doug Ford and Neoliberal Right-Wing Populism in the 2018 Ontario Provincial Election
Authors: Budd Brian
Published: March 2020

The 2018 Ontario provincial election marked a decisive shift in the political direction of Canada’s most populous province. The election brought an end to the long reign of the Ontario Liberal Party (2003–2018), whose government devolved into a series of scandals that resulted in a third-place finish. The Liberal’s defeat came at the hands of the Progressive Conservative Party led by former Toronto city councillor, Doug Ford. The Progressive Conservative’s victory was propelled on the back of Ford’s deeply populist campaign where he promised to reassert the interests of ‘the people,’ expel the influence of elites and special interests, and clean up government corruption. This campaign discourse led many political opponents and media pundits to accuse Ford of importing the nativist, xenophobic, and divisive rhetoric of other radical right-wing populist leaders. This article advances the argument that rather than representing the importation of ‘Trumpism’ or other types of radical right-wing populism, Ford’s campaign is better understood within the tradition of Canadian populism defined by an overarching ideological commitment to neoliberalism. In appealing to voters, Ford avoided the nativist and xenophobic rhetoric of populist leaders in the United States and Western Europe, offering a conception of ‘the people’ using an economic and anti-cosmopolitan discourse centred upon middle class taxpayers. This article makes a contribution to both the literatures on Canadian elections and populism, demonstrating the lineage of Ford’s ideological commitment to populism within recent Canadian electoral history, as well as Ford’s place within the international genealogy of right-wing populism.
Populism and Political Knowledge: The United States in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Milner Henry
Published: March 2020

This article addresses the link between political knowledge and populist attitudes in the United States (US) in comparative perspective. At the beginning of the new decade, populism in the US is associated with support for the Republican party and Donald Trump in particular, and that is how I address it here. Using secondary data from a number of related studies, we find that, overall, support for Trump is not only negatively related to political knowledge, but also to other factors that make his supporters unaware of their being misinformed. This is because, more than for others, partisan cues serve them as a basis for their factual beliefs about political actors and events and assessments of the beliefs of others. While political knowledge has long been comparatively low in the US, as I show in the early part of the article, the relationship between misinformation and populism (i.e., support for Trump) is seen as a new and especially worrisome element. In the concluding section I address what, if anything, could be done to address this situation.
POSTGRESQL DATABASES SECURITY CONFIGURATION CHECKLIST
Authors: Gudriks Rinalds , Kodors Sergejs
Published: March 2020

The paper provides PostgreSQL configuration checklist to make databases safer. The main part describes with examples about vulnerabilities and how to solve them.
COMPOSITION AND INHERITANCE MODEL COMPARISON
Authors: Sergejevs Aleksejs , Kodors Sergejs
Published: March 2020

The inheritance seems to be the natural and the default solution of structuring the logic of software nowadays. But is it always the best option? Considering the increasing need for programming and the speed at which the projects are made, it’s inevitable that the requirements of a project will be changing many times and a lot of fundamental building blocks in the software will have to be redeveloped. The problem with inheritance is that with a change in functionality it may become necessary to rewrite huge amounts of old code or even end up duplicating existing functionality which only makes things worse in a long run. An excellent solution that can be used to avoid essentially getting stuck in situations like these is composition. The goal of the study is to analyze the pros and cons of composition and inheritance and make a conclusion about their correct usage.
CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION AND DELIVERY OF WEB APPLICATIONS
Authors: Brituškins Aleksandrs , Zorins Aleksejs
Published: March 2020

With the advent of DevOps practice, rapidly began evolve systems development life cycle shorting methods, such as continuous integration, testing and delivery, release automation and infrastructure as code methods. This methods, is similar to programming scripts which are used to automate a series of static steps to complete defined scenario. Often, the choice of used automation methods and tools depends on project and application complexity, which makes each case unique in its own way. The main goals of the paper are description of basic continuous integration and delivery methods for web based applications with real example using version control system, container virtualization and some auxiliary scripts, which developed by author and currently being successfully used on few real projects. In example used version control system, container virtualization and some auxiliary scripts.
FOREST FERTILIZATION WITH WOOD ASH AND AMMONIUM NITRATE IMPACT ON BIOGENIC ELEMEMENT MOVEMENT OF SOIL WATER
Authors: Muižnieks Edgars , Matisovs Ivars
Published: March 2020

The work describes impact of the complex soil fertilization with ammonium nitrate and wood ash on the forest water in Myrtillosa mel. The paper provides information and results about chemical element migration in Myrtillosa mel soil and precipitation water.
New concept for art and antiquities identification based on craquelure pattern analysis
Authors: Maev R GR , Baradarani A , Taylor J R B
Published: March 2020

In this paper, it is shown that the craquelure patterns of paintings and other antiquities can be considered as fingerprints so that the authenticity of any given artwork can then be verified against prior works. The authors propose to extract craquelure features from photographic images
and use them in the implementation of a unique matching procedure to address the art forgery issue as well as to monitor the health conditions of the objects concerned. This feature extraction strategy is robust against illumination, scale, rotation and perspective distortion. The craquelure
extraction system developed, called multi-scale multi-orientation morphological processing (MMMP), performs analyses in each sub-band. A comprehensive craquelure image dataset has been constructed from a variety of different types of painting and other art objects. The results show significant
improvement and compare favourably with the current best results in the market.
Editorial
Authors: De Redacción Consejo
Published: March 2020

Editorial es «Artículo no firmado que expresa la opinión de un medio de comunicación sobre un determinado asunto» según el Diccionario de la Lengua Española de la Real Academia Española; definición que no siempre se ha seguido en esta revista —que es un medio de comunicación—, pero que queremos seguir ahora, en el bien entendido que el «medio» está personificado en quienes nos ocupamos de la gestión o dirección de la revista, el Consejo de Redacción de Ambiociencias
La búsqueda del sensor celular del oxígeno, un camino al Nobel
Authors: Marín Vieira María del Carmen
Published: March 2020

El premio Nobel de Medicina y Fisiología ha sido otorgado este año a los investi- gadores William Kaelin Jr., Sir Peter Ratcliffe y Gregg Semenza por descubrir los mecanismos moleculares mediante los cuales las células detectan los cambios en los niveles de oxígeno y se adaptan a ellos. Las células de un organismo requieren oxígeno para oxidar los nutrientes y generar energía. Sin embargo, los tejidos pueden verse temporalmente privados de oxígeno (hipoxia). Por ello, durante la evolución las células han adquirido mecanismos que les permiten detectar cam- bios en los niveles de oxígeno y responder a ellos adaptando el metabolismo celular. Estos procesos adaptativos son fundamentales durante el desarrollo em- brionario y el mantenimiento de la homeostasis en adultos. Además, su desre- gulación juega un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de enfermedades como la diabetes, el ictus o el cáncer. En este artículo me centraré en el trabajo que realizó uno de los galardonados, William Kaelin, el cual fue mi jefe y mentor en mi etapa posdoctoral. El Dr. Kaelin descubrió los mecanismos subyacentes a la respuesta a hipoxia estudiando una enfermedad rara que se caracteriza por la aparición de tumores altamente vascularizados, el síndrome de Von Hippel-Lindau. En la ac- tualidad, centra sus esfuerzos en el diseño de terapias dirigidas contra dianas múltiples que, us das en combinación, permitan en un futuro curar enferme- dades complejas como el cáncer.
Do the Slum Dwellers Enjoy the Basic Constitutional and Economic Rights as a Citizen in Bangladesh?
Authors: Hossain Basharat
Published: March 2020

Bangladesh is a country of about 156million people including nearly 7.81 million of slum people. This paper investigates 28 years data for 1986- 2014 periods on the living standard of slum dwellers of Bangladesh. It presents the different forms of deprivations, sufferings and miseries of slum people from basic needs including social, constitutional and economic rights. More specifically, the wretchedness of slum dwellers in housing, drinking water, sanitation, food intake, healthcare, education, employment, income patterns, social status and security, economic and public assistance has been explored in this paper. In addition, poverty scenario and services of social organization among slum people has been focused in this paper. Finally, it recommends some policies to improve the living conditions of slum dwellers in Bangladesh. JEL Classification Code: I31, I38, I13, I18, I25, E26, O18, O15, O17
The Target and Achievements of Private Sector Credit in Bangladesh: A Monetary Policy Analysis
Authors: Muzib Md. Moniruzzaman , Liton Muhammad Rabiul Islam , Sadekin Md. Nazmus , Mahmud Md. Abdul Latif
Published: March 2020

This paper tries to assess the monetary policy on macroeconomic indicators in Bangladesh. The central bank declares monetary policy statement twice in every year to pursue its macroeconomic goals.  The assessment provides that during the sample period, monetary policy is not strong enough to control the inflation rate. In addition, policies did not appear itself as ignition to the investment process as well as the growth rate of GDP. This assessment leaves an interesting outcome: monetary policy is not independent and strong enough to pursue its macroeconomics goals. JEL Classification Code: M51, M52
Collision of two epidemics: prevalence of diabetes in tuberculosis patients in urban Ludhiana
Authors: Eruva Vijayalakshmi , Samuel Clarence James , Singh Shavinder
Published: March 2020

Background: Co-association between tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes has been observed for more than 2000 years. The burden of the both diabetes and tuberculosis is very high in India. Diabetes in TB patient decreases the success of anti-tubercular therapy and overall cure rates, which causes social and economic burden to country. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with tuberculosis under RNTCP treatment.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in DOTS centers under Civil Hospital TU of Ludhiana, Punjab. 300 TB cases, above 18 years of age were included and screened for diabetes. Patients were interviewed regarding demographic profile and family history of diabetes. Height, weight, blood pressure, BMI and waist hip ratio were recorded.Results: The prevalence of diabetes in tuberculosis patients was found to be 21.3% (known diabetics- 6.3%, new diabetes cases- 15%). There was a statistically significant association of diabetes with older age and high BMI.Conclusions: Specific guidelines for management of the dual disease may help in improving the overall success of treatment.
Oportunidad para realizar la insinuación de la donación y su eficacia respecto del Servicio de Impuestos Internos en el sistema jurídico chileno
Authors: Zúñiga Tejos Alex , García Escobar Jaime Christian
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar si es jurídicamente válida la insinuación de una donación realizada con posterioridad a la aceptación de ésta. En segundo lugar, se pretende determinar si el Servicio de Impuestos Internos puede, o no, desconocer los efectos de una donación ya aceptada, argumentando que en el momento en que éste interviene todavía no se ha cumplido el trámite de la insinuación.
Una mirada desde la iniciativa privada de arbitraje de consumo: el caso estadounidense y algunas reflexiones sobre su posible adecuación en Colombia
Authors: Namén Baquero David
Published: March 2020

El arbitraje como mecanismo alternativo de solución de conflictos se implementa para solucionar diversos conflictos de derecho sustancial. El mecanismo que dentro de la esfera del derecho privado se pensó principalmente para asuntos mercantiles, hoy se ha extendido a otras disciplinas, como el derecho de consumo, derecho de la competencia y otras más. En lo que atañe al derecho de consumo, existen varios modelos que buscan desarrollar el arbitraje de consumo. Uno de ellos, es el que surge de la iniciativa privada y es administrado por centros. El presente estudio, analiza el desarrollo del arbitraje de consumo en Estados Unidos como principal exponente de la iniciativa privada e intenta aproximarlo al estado normativo actual colombiano.
A comparison of clinical, hepatic and immunological effects of three different parenteral lipid emulsions in children
Authors: ÇAKIR Salih Çağrı , ÖZKAN Tanju , ÖZGÜR Taner
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Lipid emulsions are not only considered as a source of energy, but also as a regulatory substance for key metabolic functions in different diseases. The aim of the present study was to compare clinical, biochemical and immunological effects of olive oil, soybean oil and omega-3 fatty acid which are administrated to the children in parenteral nutrition products. Methods: Patients who were admitted to pediatric intensive care unit and had parenteral nutrition for 7 days are included in the study. The patients were randomised into 3 groups based on the admission order, including 10 patients in each group. The children in Group O were fed by a lipid emulsion based on olive oil; the children in Group S were fed by a soybean based lipid emulsion and the children in group F were fed by soybean based lipid emulsion with omega-3 based solution. Analysis were made on the first and the seventh day. Laboratory parameters as well as hemogram, biochemical analysis, immunoglobulins, lymphocyte subgroup panel and cytokine levels were evaluated just before parenteral nutrition (day 0, basal value) and at day 7 of parenteral nutrition. Clinical monitoring parameters included body weight, and circumference of the mid-upper arm. Results: Thirty children were enrolled into the study. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly increased in Group O whereas triglyceride level significantly increased in Group S. Hemogram, liver function tests, cytokine levels, lymphocyte sub-group distribution, immunoglobulin levels and total antioxidant capacity measurements were not different. Conclusions: Three lipid emulsions which are used for parenteral nutrition treatment in intensive care unit patients are clinically and biochemically useful.
ORTHOSIS MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN WITH SPASTIC FORMS OF CEREBRAL PALSY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INITIAL FILLING OF THE INDIVIDUAL REHABILITATION AND HABILITATION PROGRAM AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL COMMISSION
Authors: Koltsov Andrey A. , Dzhomardly E. I , Vladimirova O. N
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common neurological causes of childhood disability. In patients with cerebral palsy, the underlying disease is often complicated by secondary orthopedic disorders, for the prevention of which orthopedic methods of treatment, including orthoses and other technical means of rehabilitation (TMR) are widely used. Funding for orthosis is carried out from the Federal budget on the basis of an individual program of rehabilitation and habilitation (IPRH) of a disabled child. IPRH, in turn, is filled in taking into account the appointments of the attending physician of the orthopedist. Purpose. To analyze the compliance of recommendations on orthosis, initially introduced in the IPRH, and clinical recommendations of the medical and technical commission (MTC) of the rehabilitation Center for disabled children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy. Materials and methods. Conducted a prospective analysis of IPRH and MTK findings was made in a group of 63 disabled children aged 2 to 17 years, formed by random sampling. All patients were divided into 5 groups depending on the level of motor activity in accordance with the classification of GMFCS. Results. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the number of orthoses initially introduced into the IPRH and the recommended MTK with a fluctuation of the visibility index depending on the group (GMFCS) from 38.9% to 56.0%. Summary. All groups noted the need for orthopedic equipment recommended by the MTC and not included primarily in the IPRH, which suggests the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the selection of TMR, including orthoses for children with spastic forms of cerebral palsy. The level of motor activity is an important expert factor in the formation of IPRH recommendations: with a decrease in the level of motor activity, the number and range of orthoses required for the patient increases. The maximum number of orthoses is recommended for additional introduction in IPRH, noted in patients in groups 3 and 5 of GMFCS.