bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMF Tariff Conditionality, Aid for Trade and Trade: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, GEMECHU Seboka Alemu ,   Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
Published: September 2024

Recently, world tariff rates based on the Most Favoured Nation have declined with more significant drops observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) particularly on agricultural products. However, the IMF conditions tied to aid for aid-receiving countries during the economic crisis are criticised for biased decision-making and their ineffectiveness in trade reform policies in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals. The purpose of this study is to investigate how IMF-tariff conditions tied to aid for trade impact agricultural product trade in SSA through Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs). Precisely, it seeks to determine whether conditions linked to Aid for Trade (AfT) foster agricultural trade growth in SSA while reducing tariffs. I hypothesised that IMF tariff conditionality impacts SSA agricultural product trade through intricate channels encompassing trade systems, pricing and marketing policies, and tax reforms. The study uses panel data from 2011-2023, covering 26 SSA countries, at the disaggregated HS-6-digit product level, using 832 agricultural products. The panel data fixed effect model estimation results indicate that IMF conditionality and ODA-AfT had a negative association with agricultural product trade growth. This suggests that ODA AfT is potentially counterproductive in promoting agricultural trade growth of SSA countries. The study reveals that IMF tariff conditionality, IMF SAPs pricing and marketing policies, and the interactions between SAPs trade system reforms and ODA-AfT are negatively associated with tariff binding overhang. Conversely, there is a positive relationship between binding overhang and SAPs in tax and trade system reforms.
Green Bonds in EU Countries: Towards Sustainable Finance
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, MECU Andra Nicoleta , CHIȚU Florentina ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, HURDUZEU Gheorghe ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, MARIN Georgiana Ionela ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, LI Xin ,   Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Published: September 2024

Green bonds have become a key tool in driving sustainable investment within the European Union (EU). The concept of green bonds has been growing over the last two decades, with an extraordinary emphasis in between 2010 and 2019, when its utilization took off among the financial institutions, governments and companies seeking capital for sustainable ventures. This study investigates the role and relevance of green bonds in the financial architecture of the European Union, focusing on the analysis of key actors and the regulatory framework influencing the evolution of this financial instrument. It discusses, from both a theoretical and empirical approach, the motivations and strategies of financial institutions, governments, and non-governmental organizations in promoting and developing the green bonds market.
The Impact of Fiscal Transfer from the EU Budget on Economic Growth in CEE Countries
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, DRĂGHICI Irene-Ioana , VALDEBENITO Carlos Ramírez ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania; Academia de Ingenieros Politécnicos Militares / Ejército de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; Organización Internacional del Trabajo. / O.I.T. - O.N.U., Geneva, Switzerland
Published: September 2024

Fiscal transfer is defined as the allocation of funds from the European Union’s budget to its member states or regions for various purposes. This transfer constitutes an essential aspect of the European Union cohesion policy that aims to reduce the economic and social disparities among member states and to promote economic development and integration across the Union. The purpose of this paper was to determine the impact that these fiscal transfers from the union budget had on the economic performance in the Central and Eastern European countries. To achieve this, I used a panel data fixed effect model, taking into account the effects of the cohesion policy, but also other relevant variables. The paper focused on the period 2009 - 2022, being aimed at the member countries of the Central and Eastern European Union because they have a similar economic path. The results of the research demonstrated the fact that the expenses from the union budget had a positive impact on the economic performance in this region during the analysed period.
Digitalisation’s Vital Role in Sustainable Circular Economy
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRA Edi-Cristian , BUDU Radu Alexandru ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, PARASCHIV Liana Ioana ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, LOMBARDI Mariarosaria ,   University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
Published: September 2024

The circular economy has emerged as a concept in the pursuit of achieving sustainable development goals, representing a pivotal paradigm shift toward resource efficiency and environmental sustainability. Current research examines the transformative potential of digitalisation, as a core factor of shifting to an economic environment, shaped by the characteristics of circular economy, therefore fostering the increase in sustainability. By leveraging emerging digital technologies, businesses can optimise resource utilization, minimize waste generation, and enhance their transition to practices with positive outcome over the environment. The current article aims to review and explore the relationship between digitalisation and circular economy, both of the concepts understood by connected variables, such as the DESI score, the investment in adopting and implementing multiple digital technologies, the recycling packaging rate, and WEEE collection. Through data analysis, centred on correlations and two statistical regressions, the present study provides insight of digitalization’s role in recycling and reusing the main resources integrated in adopting and implementing the latest digital technologies in business activities and operations. It concludes by providing a structured answer to the research question. Is digitalisation impacting the circular economy?
From Roads to Riches: Infrastructure Development as a Method of Driving Growth in Romania National Economy
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, NIȚU Rareș , URICARU Robert ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, NEGREPONTI-DELIVANIS Maria ,   University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: September 2024

Currently the European Union is making significant efforts for the homogenisation of economic policies at the European level in order to reduce the level of development discrepancy between the members. State differences occur in these processes, represented by the road infrastructure which plays a complementary role in reducing transport costs and facilitating mobility in this context the concept of E-Road as a turn point by the United Nation Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), a central element of the Trans European Transport Network (TEN-T). These forms of roads are built and maintained according to strict equality and safety standards and are designed to improve connectivity between EU member states and other European countries. In addition, they play a crucial role in regional integration as they support the increase of the level of urban connectivity by connecting less developed regions with large economic centres. The current paper observed the impact of an economic development using an economic analysis that was carried out with data extracted from the Eurostat international database and the data used for the realisation of the case study are at the level of Romania, the variable including analyses the GDP (grow domestic product aggregate), aggregate final consumption and the length of state, provincial, and municipal roads. The econometric analysis revealed the high degree of correlation that is significant between the road infrastructure development and economic growth, underlying the importance of continued investment in E-Road to support economic progress within the European Union. Road infrastructure is a central component in the European Union’s efforts to create a more even and competitive economy. Investments in road infrastructure not only improve accessibility and mobility, but also help reduce transport cost and simulate economic activity, the use of the best technologies, and the most appropriate forms of road maintenance, so along with the modern forms of asphalting and intelligence monitoring of structures, facilitate economic growth and the regional development.
A Study of Consumer Trust in Online Reviews and Social Media Comments in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, TANASE Ionut , BARBU Lucia Nicoleta ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

As the digital landscape evolves with the continuous fast-paced development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), both businesses and consumers face numerous challenges posed by the ever-growing industry of AI. As business struggle to keep up with the technological advancements, consumers, on the other hand, face a more personal issue: their trust in an internet sustained by AI tools. Since half of the internet traffic is created by non-human bots and a third of all internet traffic is generated by “bad bots” which were developed for malicious purposes, the integration of AI managed to confer them human-like qualities. The “dead internet theory”, generated social media interactions and content, fake online reviews, generated blog posts, and the dilution of quality online content, all sustained by AI pose a threat to the trust and the legitimacy of the internet as a tool for humanity that was carefully built in the last decade. Our research is trying to find the level of trust of Romanian consumers in online platforms that are used as tools for selling and promotion of products and services, amidst the rapid integration of AI. The results can be used as a warning signal for consumers and policy makers alike to take a stronger stance on the online content that encourages or promotes online purchases. A survey has been deployed to 100 Romanian consumers, and the results have been analysed. Most respondents do base their purchasing decision on online reviews with slight differences between men and women yet most fear that AI and bots have a part in influencing these reviews.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ В КУЛЬТУРЕ ЯКУТОВ И ЧУКЧЕЙ В КОНЦЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ XX вв. В ПРОЦЕССЕ ХРИСТИАНИЗАЦИИ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ «ЯКУТСКИХ ЕПАРХИАЛЬНЫХ ВЕДОМОСТЕЙ»)
Authors: МАЙНИЧЕВА Анна Юрьевна
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the transformations that took place in the culture of the Yakuts and Chukches while they were baptized into the Russian Orthodox Church at the end of the XIXth – the beginning of the XXth centuries. Analyzing the publications in the Yakutsk Eparchial Bulletin, the author examines these transformations in connection with the ethnocultural memory and identity of the indigenous population and comes to the conclusion that changes in the linguistic, ritual, everyday and social sphere of their life led to the transformation of their religious and civic identity.
МОИСТСКОЕ ОТНОШЕНИЕ К ВОЙНЕ: ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ К ПЕРЕВОДУ
Authors: РЫКОВ Станислав Юрьевич
Published: September 2024

Chapters 17–19 of the Mozi are among the earliest philosophical texts – not only in the Chinese tradition, but in world philosophy as well – concerning the ethics of war and the theory of just war. Their text is of paramount importance for the study of ancient Chinese ethical and political thought. The article serves as a foreword to the publication of their first complete and commented translation from the ancient Chinese into Russian. For the first time in Russian sinology, the author presents a critical edition of their original text. The article, which precedes the translation, analyzes the dating, purposes of writing, textual characteristics, composition and content of these chapters.
ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНЫЕ СДВИГИ В ТРАДИЦИОННОМ ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ КРАЙНЕГО СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА: ОТ ПУШНОГО ПРОМЫСЛА К КЛЕТОЧНОМУ ЗВЕРОВОДСТВУ
Authors: ХАХОВСКАЯ Людмила Николаевна
Published: September 2024

The article traces the causes, course and results of a fundamental ethnocultural shift in the traditional environmental management of indigenous population of the Far North-East of Russia – the transition from fur hunting to fur farming. Cheap food supply (waste from marine hunting) and the presence of a significant number of unemployed indigenous people were seen as key factors to the growth of this innovative industry. However, its development was not adequately supported by technical means. The abundance of food supply did not guarantee its preservation and freshness. Due to hard physical labor that prevailed on fur farms, they constantly experienced a shortage of personnel, while most of the workers were non-residents. The cessation of state support in the post-Soviet era led to the complete liquidation of the industry.
Факторы, влияющие на внедрение экоинноваций компаниями
Authors: Литвинова Алина Викторовна
Published: September 2024

An effective way to combine environmental protection with the sustainable development of companies is the development, implementation and distribution of environmental innovations that can reduce the consumption of raw materials, natural resources and harmful emissions and improve the working conditions of people. Environmental innovations play an increasingly important role in the competitiveness of companies. They open up new market opportunities due to the growing demand for sustainable products and can improve business performance. To understand why companies integrate environmental sustainability into the innovation process, it is important to ask the question: What are the driving forces and motives for the adoption of eco-innovation by companies? A literature review was conducted to identify the determinants of eco-innovation in companies. After defining search criteria, 16 articles were choosen for analysis. The work reveals external, internal and control factors for the adoption of eco-innovations by companies mentioned in the articles considered by the author. Based on a systematic review, this paper formulates proposals for further research on the economic efficiency of introducing eco-innovations.
КИНООБРАЗ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ГЕРОЯ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПАТРИОТИЧЕСКОЙ РИТОРИКИ КИТАЯ
Authors: Николаева Ольга Васильевна
Published: September 2024

The article examined the implementation of the movie character of the hero-patriot in the patriotic rhetoric of China. In the English-language political discourse of China and about China, numerous collocations and phrases based on the metaphorical transfer of the Wolf Warrior's movie character were identified (wolf warrior diplomacy; wolf warrior style; wolf warrior ambassador; wolf warrior diplomats; wolf warrior strategy; wolf warrior practices; wolf warrior phenomenon and others). The linguistic, socio-cultural, and political factors of the creation of these verbal units were determined. Axiological differences in the semantics of expressions containing the wolf-warrior component in the Western and Chinese sources were shown. The discrepancy of the evaluative meanings fixed in those combinations was revealed. The research methodology was based on discourse analysis and contextual analysis. The material included 167 discursive fragments selected from English-language sources in China and the West.
Сопоставительный анализ категории обращения в русском и японском языках (новая редакция)
Authors: Дыбовский Александр Сергеевич
Published: September 2024

This article undertakes a comparative analysis of address forms in the Russian and Japanese languages. As address constitutes a linguistic universality, numerous commonalities in speech functioning, syntactic peculiarities, as well as phonetic, morphological, and semantic developments of linguistic units used in vocative positions were discovered in Russian and Japanese. However, some significant differences were identified. For instance, address forms in Japanese, to a greater extent than in Russian, are associated with expressing social hierarchy relations. Consequently, Japanese speakers tend to avoid using address forms when communicating with unfamiliar people (whose social status is unclear). In familial interactions, juniors are addressed by their names, while elders are referred to using kinship terms. In business sphere, superiors are addressed by their titles, while inferiors are addressed by their surnames with added necessary politeness suffixes. In the Russian language, a wide range of figurative and metonymic means are employed as address forms, and their list is not limited. There even exist specific grammatical constructions characteristic of the vocative position. In the Japanese language, the freedom in employing vocative means, akin to Russian, is only present in poetic style. In colloquial Japanese, the utilization of figurative and metonymic means is restricted.
VEZA IZMEĐU TVRDOĆE I STEPENA DEFORMACIJE KOD ZAPREMINSKOG DEFORMISANJA CILINDRIČNIM ALATOM
Authors: Vuković Boško
Published: September 2024

Delovi dobijeni hladnim deformisa­njem metala odlikuju se povećanjem tvrdoće i čvrstoće, što je posledica deformacionog ojačavanja. U radu analizirana je promena tvrdoće po zapremini dela dobijenog hladnim deformisanjem cilindričnim alatom.
ИСТРАЖИВАЊЕ УТИЦАЈА МОДЕЛА ТРЕЊА НА КАРАКТЕРИСТИКЕ ПРОЦЕСА КОМБИНОВАНОГ ИСТИСКИВАЊА ПУТЕМ НУМЕРИЧКИХ СИМУЛАЦИЈА
Authors: Дачевић Балша
Published: September 2024

У раду је испитиван утицај модела трења на процес комбинованог истискивања путем нумеричких симулација. Симулације су моделоване по узору на експеримент и њихови резултати су упоређени. Испитиван је утицај трења на геометријске карактеристике готовог дела и дијаграм сила ход.
ИЗБОР И ПРОРАЧУН МАШИНСКЕ ОПРЕМЕ ЦРПНЕ СТАНИЦЕ ЗА ДРЕНАЖУ ЕНЕРГЕТСКЕ ГАЛЕРИЈЕ УЗВОДНЕ ГЛАВЕ БРОДСКЕ ПРЕВОДНИЦЕ ХЕ ЂЕРДАП 1
Authors: Ивановић Петар
Published: September 2024

У раду је приказан начин избора и хидраулички прорачун машинске опреме црпне станице за дренажу енергетске галерије узводне главе бродске преводнице ХЕ Ђердап 1. Ова црпна станица штити од потапања електро-хидрауличке инсталације сер­вомотора врата и затварача узводне главе превод­ни­це. У оквиру рада укратко су дате теоријске основе рада пумпи, извршен је хидраулички прорачун, димен­зионисана је машинска опрема црпне станице и дефи­нисан је начин аутоматског управљања радом постројења.
KONCEPT NAPAJANJA SLOŽENIH TEHNOLOŠKIH CELINA NA PRIMERU GASNE KOMPRESORSKE STANICE – VELIKA PLANA
Authors: Čamparević Marija
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu razmatran je princip odabira opreme za napajanje objekta kompresorske stanice – Velika Plana uz kratak osvrt na princip rada same kompresorske stanice i opis trase gasovoda na kojoj se ona nalazi. Razmatra se odabir energetskih transformatora, kao i njihove zaštite. Obrađen je i sistem brespekidnog napajanja koji je implementiran na samom objektu. Pored ovih sistema, određuje se i ATS uređaj koji služi kao sigurnost za napajanje potrošača u slučaju prestanka napajanja jednog od sistema sabirnica.
ТРОСЛОЈНА АРХИТЕКТУРА КАО СОФТВЕРСКО РЕШЕЊЕ СИСТЕМА ЗА ЕВИДЕНЦИЈУ ТРЕНИНГА
Authors: Матковић Јована
Published: September 2024

У овом раду описано је развијање целокупног система за евиденцију тренинга у спортским центрима и теретанама. Као софтверско решење имплементиране су веб и апликација за мобилне уређаје за тренере где се могу клијентима креирати налози и састављати планови тренинга. За ово решење коришћен је JavaScript програмски језик. Као хардверско решење имплементиран је мали ембедед уређај за клијенте који се може користити током тренинга за праћење вежби и здравстваних параметара.
SOFTVERSKI ALAT ZA OPORAVAK DATOTEKA U SISTEMU DATOTEKA NTFS
Authors: Milosavljević Nikola
Published: September 2024

Gubitak podataka može da ima ozbiljne posledice u savremenom informatičkom okruženju, kako za organizacije tako i za pojedince. Iz tog razloga, oporavak podataka predstavlja ključni aspekt upravljanja podacima. Ova oblast zahteva stalno ažuriranje tehnika oporavka podataka i alata koji implementiraju te tehnike, s obzirom na brz razvoj hardvera i softvera. U radu su analizirane različite tehnike oporavka podataka, a naglasak je stavljen na NTFS fajl sistem. Rad takođe prikazuje implementaciju alata za oporavak podataka, koji je baziran na analizi metapodataka fajl sistema. Demonstrirano je kako se koristi implementirani alat i analizirane su njegove prednosti i mane u odnosu na druga slična rešenja.
АЛАТ ЗА ДЕКРИПЦИЈУ ZIP АРХИВА ПРИМЕНОМ NVIDIA CUDA ТЕХНОЛОГИЈЕ
Authors: Курељушић Лука
Published: September 2024

У овом раду описан је развој алата за опоравак лозинке ZIP архива WinZip формата, енкриптованих помоћу AES алгоритма. Централна идеја алата обухвата паралелизацију напада грубом силом на ZIP архиву употребом једне или више графичких картица. Структура предложеног алата је модуларна и састоји се од фронтенд дела који обавља поступке парсирања архиве и даљег процесирања улазних информација и бекенд дела, имплементираног помоћу NVIDIA CUDA технологије који се извршава на графичкој картици и обухвата паралелизацију PBKDF2 алгоритма деривације кључа и накнадне процесе верификације добијеног кључа над улазним подацима. Алат остварује задовољавајуће перформансе за нумеричке и краће алфанумеричке шифре, док присуство специјалних карактера значајно отежава успех алата.
VIZUALIZACIJA AUTOSAR LOGGING/TRACING PROTOKOLA
Authors: Planojevic Mladen
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu obrađeno  je jedno rješenje alata za vizualizaciju AUTOSAR logging/tracing protokola. Rješenje omogućava prikaz izvršavanja izvršnih jedinica u okviru sistema u realnom vremenu koji je baziran na AUTOSAR arhitekturi, na osnovu čega je moguće izvšiti analizu i poboljšanje performansi sistema.
USLUGA UPRAVLJANJA KLJUČEVIMA ZA AMAZON VEB SERVISE
Authors: Lažetić Plema
Published: September 2024

Ovaj rad istražuje AWS Key Manage­ment Service, ključnu komponentu u AWS-ovom okruže­nju, fokusirajući se na procese upravljanja kriptografskim ključevima i osiguranje sigurnosti podataka u oblaku. Problemi koje se razmatraju obuhvataju izbor, kreiranje, upravljanje i integraciju ključeva u različitim AWS uslugama. Rezultati istraživanja doprinose razumijevanju primjene sigurnosnih mjera u cloud okruženju i prepoznavanju mogućnosti za poboljšanje prakse upravljanja ključevima u AWS-ovom okruženju.
КОМПАРАТИВНА АНАЛИЗА ПЕРФОРМАНСИ РЕЛАЦИОНИХ И НЕРЕЛАЦИОНИХ СИСТЕМА БАЗА ПОДАТАКА
Authors: Симић Миљана
Published: September 2024

У овом раду описани су основни концепти система релационих и нерелационих база података и перформанси база података. Поређење перформанси база података је извршено у погледу просечног времена извршења упита ка бази подата­ка. Описан је коришћени скуп података, изабране ре­лациона (MySQL) и нерелациона (Neo4j) база пода­така су креиране и испуњене подацима. Посебна пажња приликом креирања упита посвећена је класификацији упита у различите категорије ради лакшег поређења перформанси. Упити су анализи­ра­ни и оптимизовани коришћењем одговарајућих техни­ка. За развој и управљање изабраним базама пода­така коришћени су MySQL и Neo4j алати, а за креирање везе ка базама података и извршавање упита коришћен је програмски језик Python.
EKSPERIMENTI SA VEKTROSKIM REPREZENTACIJAMA TEKSTA ZA EKSTRAKTIVNU SUMARIZACIJU
Authors: Kovačević Aleksandar , Šaršanski Aleksa
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu je implementirano rešenje problema ekstraktivne sumarizacije komentara za smeštaj u hotelima koje su napisali korisnici. Rešenje je implementirano koristeći FastText, BERT i GPT 3.5 modele dubokog učenja. U radu je detaljno opisan način funkcionisanja sva tri pomenuta modela, kao i načini njihove upotrebe prilikom rešavanja ovog problema. Skup podataka koji je korišćen u ovom rešenju se sastoji od javno dostupnih komentara korisnika, kreiran procesom scrape-ovanja. U radu je prilikom evaluacije rezultata upoređena efikasnost sva tri navedena pristupa rešavanja problema.
SISTEM ZA PRAĆENJE TEŽINE KOŠNICE SA DISTRIBUIRANE LOKACIJE
Authors: Gradinski Nebojša
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu prikazan je razvijeni sistem koji omogućava da se sa udaljene lokacije prikupljaju podaci o stanjima košnica i potom distribuiraju na internet server, nakon čega se njima pristupa pomoću aplikacije na mobilnom telefonu ili preko računara.
BIOMETRIJSKE TEHNOLOGIJE U NAPREDNIM SISTEMIMA ZA POMOĆ VOZAČIMA
Authors: Delić Adrijana
Published: September 2024

U ovom radu prikazana je primena uređaja koji mogu da olakšaju vozačima vožnju posebno u situacijama pospanosti. S obzirom da je vožnja postala sastavni deo svakodnevnog života mnogih ljudi, zahteva njihovu punu pažnju. Prikazan je primer korišćenja „Stay awake“uređaja, kao i kamere i algoritma koji prate budnost vozača. Na kraju rada opisan je „Eye tracker“ uređaj koji bi takođe mogao da se iskoristi kao uređaj za praćenje pogleda vozača tj njegove pažnje tokom vožnje.
Protective effect of Eurycoma Longifolia Extract on High-Fat Diet- induced histopathological changes in the Islets of Langerhans and Kidneys of Rats
Authors: Al-Ani Imad M. , Ku-Zaifah Norsidah , Matloub Gheed I.
Published: September 2024

Obesity has emerged as public health problems, potentially guiding to many diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease (CKD).  The aims of the present investigation were to explore possible protective effect of Eurycoma longifolia (EL) extract on the islets of Langerhans and kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats. Twenty four healthy adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into four groups (n=6) and treated for 12 weeks; normal control (ND) group received only normal diet, Group NDEL was received normal diet and EL, Group HFD received HFD only, Group HFDEL received HFD and EL extracts. The animals were scarified at the end of the 12th week; the kidneys and pancreatic tissues were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological studies.
The HFD group revealed hypertrophy of the pancreatic islets with congested blood vessels, vacuolization and injured cells. The kidney sections from the HFD treated group exhibited sever damage in the renal corpuscle and tubules. Treatment with EL extract produced an enhancement in tissue damage produced by HFD feeding in the kidneys and pancreatic islets. These observations confirmed positive valuable outcomes of EL extract against the HFD induced-cellular oxidative injury in the pancreatic islets and the kidneys.
Total Radiological Dose and Safety Assessment of Workers in Radioactive Liquid Waste Storage Location in Al Tuwaitha Site
Authors: Ibrahim Zaidoon H. , Mkhaiber Ahmed F. , Alnasri Salam .K. , Ali Salman A. , Al-Mashhadani Asia H.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the total effective dose (external and internal) in the radioactive liquid Waste Hall (WH) in the Radiochemistry Laboratories building (RCL) in Al- Tuwaitha site in order to estimate the radiation risk for workers in this place. The external effective dose was calculated by an indirect method using ThermoLuminescent Dosimeters (LiF: Mg, Ti (TLD-100)) by placing them in the waste hall for one month. The internal effective dose was estimated by collecting eight air samples (environmental samples) from different locations in WH using an air sampler pump (Sniffer) to collect air samples loaded with particles or dust which are deposited on cellulose filter papers (φ 125mm). This was done for two flow rates the lowest and the highest values of the air sampler pump of 5CFM and 20CFM, respectively.The filter papers were chemically treated using the digestion method. The radionuclides in these samples were measured using a gamma spectrometry system equipped with a high-purity germanium detector (HPGe), and the radioactivity concentration was measured using a gross alpha beta gamma system. The results showed 137Cs of low concentration was deposited on the filter paper. The total annual effective dose rate (external and internal) results showed that the highest in WH was (6358.97μSv/year) for the low probability scenario and (1589.74 μSv/year) for the realistic scenario.
Empowering the Disabled and Elderly: A Voice Control Unit for Assistive Technology
Authors: Karim Shams Dhyaa , Al-Chalabi Atheer Marouf M.
Published: September 2024

The vast development of the technology of embedded systems has had a great impact on the healthcare field. Using low-cost, robust parts, this research proposes an innovative technology and design that enables paralyzed patients or elderly individuals to have a smart room with a voice recognition control unit that works like a joystick for various purposes. The aim is to create an environment that meets their needs and increases their independence, thereby improving their quality of life. The research will show the design of the control unit and present the various applications that can be programmed using voice commands, such as a wheelchair, bed, temperature, lights, TV, and alarm. The voice recognition module will be trained using the patient's voice, for example, to change the movement direction of a wheelchair. The system is based on training the Voice Recognition Module v3 with the use of Arduino and Node MCU. The results of the commendable accuracy of the English word response in a quiet environment ranged between 90% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 50% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance. While in a noisy environment, it ranged between 40% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 10%–90% at the 0.5-meter distance. As for the Arabic-pronounced words, they ranged between 60% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 30% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance in a quiet environment. And, in a noisy environment, it ranged between 30% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 10% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance.
Evaluation of the Effect of the Injected Dose and Body Mass Index on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Detected using a PET/CT Scan.
Authors: Hade Aya B. , Essa Samar I.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate, using patient studies, the impact of Injected Dose (ID), Body Mass Index (BMI), and image noise assessments in PET imaging. This study included 59 liver cancer patients weighing between 45 and 107 kg. After intravenously injecting 0.1 millicurie (mCi) of 18F-FDG per kilogram of body weight, PET scans were obtained for 1, 1.5, and 3 min/bed position based on the patient's weight.
Weight, height, and body mass index were calculated using a spreadsheet.
Five regions of interest (ROIs) were placed at the same site in the liver, which was considered to have a homogeneous metabolism, in five successive slices of PET/CT scans to determine the mean uptake (signal) values and their standard deviation (noise). The ratio of both gives the liver's Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).
Graphs were created to determine the relationship between these characteristics. The plots demonstrated that the dose injected increased when body weight and/or BMI increased, and that the SNR fell even as the dose administered increased. This is owing to the fact that heavier patients having a higher administered dose and, have a lower SNR even when greater 18F-FDG doses are delivered. These data indicate that the image quality, as measured by the SNR, is inferior in heavier persons compared to those who are thinner.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF KLASIFIKASI MAHLUK HIDUP PADA SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 DENPASAR
Authors: Suryanti Kusuma Aniek , Welda
Published: September 2024

Proses pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan sumber belajar khususnya media pembelajaran, selama ini di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar pada pembelajaran IPA peserta didik hanya menggunakan media ajar berupa buku paket dan buku Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKS) yang diedarkan oleh pihak sekolah untuk peserta didik miliki atau beli. Guru IPA khususnya di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar selama ini dalam mengajar hanya berpedoman pada buku paket atau LKS yang tersedia. Media yang digunakan dalam penyampaian materi saat proses belajar mengajar masih konvesional berupa media papan tulis, buku paket, LKS, slide PPT dengan menggunakan metode ceramah yang monoton sehingga murid merasa bosan. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada guru dan siswa dipandang perlu adanya pengembangan  media pembelajaran berbasis interaktif, guna menjadikan suasana pembelajaran menjadi lebih bervariasi. Penelitian ini mendapatkan responden pada awal penelitian sebanyak 34 responden dari peserta didik SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Denpasar dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online, setelah didapatkan hasil perhitungan persentase, dapat diambil sebuah kesimpulan bahwa 80% peserta didik menjawab ya untuk materi pembelajaran klasifikasi makhluk hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu peserta didik agar lebih memahami materi klasifikasi makhluk hidup dengan media pembelajaran yang menarik, efektif dan praktis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode research and development (R&D), yang menggunakan tahapan model akses ADDIE. Media Interaktif ini akan diuji dengan pengujian tingkat pemahaman siswa, uji materi dan uji ahli media.
 
Kata Kunci : Media Interaktif, Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup, ADDIE
ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF KUPANG’S STRAAT ‘A’
Authors: Saudale Joenel Permana , Lake Reginaldo Christophori , Rayawulan Robertus Mas , Jeraman Pilipus , Lily Budhi B. , Uak Alexianus T. M. , Kolawole Opeyemi Morakinyo
Published: September 2024

"City image" refers to the perception of a city, shaped by visual experiences, social interactions, and cultural influences. It includes physical elements like architecture and landscapes, as well as intangible factors that define the city's identity and functionality.Aims: This research project aims to explore the relationship between the tangible and intangible aspects of the image of Kupang's Straat "A" neighborhood.Methodology and Results: The research first examines Kevin Lynch's city image principles. It documents the physical elements of Straat "A" using tissue analysis maps, followed by an analysis of both physical and non-physical elements through perceptual and experiential approaches. Finally, the dominant elements of Kupang's Straat "A" urban image are interpreted.Conclusion and Impact: The research identifies three of the five physical elements of city image—paths, districts, and nodes—along with dominant non-physical elements like collective stories, identity, social activities, and user experiences. These findings enhance city image theory and offer valuable insights for urban design, particularly for architects and stakeholders.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP STANDARDISASI PRODUK HELM IMPOR
Authors: Adhyaksa Muhammad Ilham Soekotjo  , Rosdiana Saleh
Published: September 2024

Business entities that carry out trade activities by importing helmets into the country without adhering to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) is a form of violation related to Standardization and Conformity Assessment. The main issue is whether imported helmets entering the Indonesian market comply with the standardization requirements set forth in Law Nomor 20 of 2014 on Standardization and Conformity Assessment, and what sanctions are imposed on importers who violate these provisions. The study uses a normative type of research and descriptive research methods, which is then analyzed qualitatively, and conclusions are drawn using deductive reasoning. The findings indicate that business entities without an Indonesian National Standard (SNI) certificate who distribute and trade imported helmet products without being accompanied by Indonesian National Standard (SNI) standardization violate the provisions of Article 25 paragraph (4) of Law Nomor 20 of 2014. Such violations can result in criminal sanctions in accordance with Articles 65 and 67 of Law Number 20 of 2014, which include a maximum prison sentence of 5 (five) years and/or can be subject to a maximum fine of IDR 35,000,000,000.
TESTIMONIUM DE AUDITU SEBAGAI DASAR PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUS TINDAK PIDANA PENCABULAN DAN PERSETUBUHAN ANAK
Authors: Fitra Triyana  , Maria Silvya E. Wangga
Published: September 2024

Decision No. 254/Pid.Sus/2023/Pn.Mks, which examined and adjudicated a case of sexual assault and intercourse, was based solely on Testimonium de auditu. The issue is to what extent the available evidence supports Decision No. 254/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mks in declaring the defendant not proven legally and convincingly guilty according to the applicable legal standards. The research method used involves secondary data and is structured using normative descriptive research techniques. The discussion and conclusion are that Asdar Muhammad should be charged with sexual assault and intercourse based on written evidence, witness statements, and testimony from a minor victim, according to the analysis conducted (Case No. 254/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mks). The importance of witness testimony compared to what is seen, heard, or experienced determines the severity of a case, based on Constitutional Court Decision No. 65/PUU-VIII/2010. However, Asdar Muhammad should have been found guilty of committing sexual assault or intercourse, rather than being declared not guilty, as stated in Constitutional Court Decision No. 65/PUU-VII/2010.
Analisis Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Terhadap Pengujian Undang-Undang (Studi Putusan MK No. 29/PUU-XXI/2023, No. 55/PUU-XXI/2023, No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023)
Authors: Khairunnisa Dini Avianti  , Yogo Pamungkas
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the inconsistencies in the decisions of the Constitutional Court (MK) regarding the judicial review of laws, specifically concerning the decision MK No. 29-51-55-90/PUU-XXI/2023. The aim of this study is to understand the reasons behind the differing positions of the MK when reviewing the same article, namely Article 169 letter q of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections. The method used is normative legal research with a descriptive nature, utilizing secondary data as the source. Data collection is conducted through literature study, data analysis is qualitative, and conclusions are drawn using the deductive method. The research findings reveal inconsistencies in the MK's decisions. In Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, the MK added a new norm by establishing alternative requirements for Article 169 letter q of Law No. 7 of 2017. In contrast, in Decision No. 29-51-55/PUU-XXI/2023, the request to review the same article was rejected on the grounds that the regulation of the minimum age is an open legal policy of the lawmakers and does not violate the 1945 Constitution. This inconsistency raises questions about the integrity of the MK and reduces public trust in the institution. The study recommends that the MK maintain consistency in judicial review decisions to preserve its authority and public trust.
ВПЛИВ ОБРОБКИ НАСІННЯ МЕТАБОЛІЧНО АКТИВНИМИ РЕЧОВИНАМИ НА АКТИВНІСТЬ АСКОРБАТПЕРОКСИДАЗИ ТА ВМІСТ АСКОРБАТУ В ПРОРОСТКАХ ПШЕНИЦІ М’ЯКОЇ (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ЗА УМОВ ВОДНОГО ДЕФІЦИТУ
Authors: Palivoda Yu. M. , Havii V M.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a comparative analysis of the effects of metabolically active substances and their combinations on ascorbate peroxidase activity and ascorbate content in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings under water deficit conditions simulated using PEG 6000. Ten seed treatment options were studied: control (unprocessed seeds + distilled water); PEG 6000 solution (12 %); vitamin E solution (10-8M) – E; ubiquinone-10 solution (10-8M) – Q; methionine solution (0.001 %) – M; paraoxybenzoic acid (POBA) solution (0.001%) – P; MgSO4 solution (0.001%) – Mg; combinations: vitamin E (10-8M) + ubiquinone-10 (10-8M) – EQ; vitamin E (10-8M) + methionine (0.001 %) + POBA (0.001 %) – EMP; vitamin E (10-8M) + methionine (0.001 %) + POBA (0.001 %) + MgSO4 (0.001 %) – EMPMg. The experimental water deficit was simulated using a 12 % PEG 6000 solution.
It was found that simulated drought conditions induced a 63.1% increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity compared to the control. Pretreatment of wheat seeds with compound E resulted in a 65.5 % increase in ascorbate peroxidase activity compared to the control and a 2.4 % increase compared to seedlings under simulated water deficit conditions using PEG 6000.
The activity of ascorbate peroxidase in wheat seedlings after treatment with magnesium sulfate, ubiquinone-10, and the combination of vitamin E + ubiquinone-10 exceeded control values by 47.6 %, 35.7 %, and 31 %, respectively, but did not surpass the levels induced by PEG. This suggests a protective effect of these substances under water deficit conditions but does not completely mitigate the inhibitory effect of PEG 6000.
Under simulated water deficit conditions, the accumulation of ascorbate in seedling tissues exceeded control values by 29.1 %. Treatment with ubiquinone-10 increased ascorbate content by 46.3 %, while treatment with a combination of vitamin E + methionine + POBA + MgSO4 increased it by 24.2 %. Other treatments also showed increases: vitamin E + methionine + POBA (18.8 %), methionine (13 %), and vitamin E + ubiquinone-10 (7.4 %).
Pre-treatment of wheat seeds with metabolically active substances increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in wheat seedlings, enhancing drought resistance in the Provintsialka variety. Therefore, seed treatment with these substances could serve as a component of grain crop cultivation technology under water deficit conditions.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Vitamin B12 dalam Terapi Nyeri Punggung Bawah
Authors: Darmawan Guntur , Gianina Claresta , Liman Lie Monica Sherine , Hartanto Hartanto
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan: Nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) merupakan kondisi nyeri tubuh yang sering dialami oleh manusia yang disebabkan oleh cedera otot atau ligamen. Keadaan nyeri pada punggung bawah biasanya disebabkan oleh postur tubuh yang buruk, tidak melakukan aktivitas fisik secara teratur, postur tubuh yang salah saat mengangkat beban berat, ataupun artritis. Hingga saat ini terdapat berbagai pilihan modalitas terapi NPB. Tinjauan Pustaka ini ditulis untuk mengevaluasi pemberian vitamin B12 sebagai terapi pada pasien NPB.
Metode: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematik dilakukan dengan cara pencarian literatur  yang bersumber dari Pubmed, Proquest, dan Google Cendekia.
Hasil: Didapatkan 3 studi dari berbagai negara yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Ketiga studi tersebut menunjukkan pemberian vitamin B12 dalam berbagai sediaan menghasilkan penurunan visual analogue scale (VAS) pada pasien NPB.
Simpulan: Vitamin B12 memiliki potensi sebagai salah satu modalitas terapi pada pasien NPB.
Tratamento de mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos
Authors: Cardoso Karina , Rocha Aurélio de Oliveira , Souza Bruna Borges , Mulinari Julia , Garcia Julia Maldonado , Rocha Daniele Março de Sousa , Fantinel Lauren Arrua , Anjos Lucas Menezes dos , Zatt Fernanda Pretto , Cardoso Mariane
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar de forma abrangente evidências disponíveis sobre tratamento de mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos. Métodos: Aplicou-se estratégia de busca no PubMed, com termos associados a “Clear Aligners AND Open Bite”, a fim de realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre o tema. Foram aplicados filtros para publicações com texto completo e com data de publicação dos últimos 5 anos. A seleção dos artigos ocorreu a partir de títulos, resumos ou texto completo. Os dados coletados foram respectivamente: autores, ano de publicação, desenho de estudo, objetivo principal e conclusão. Resultados: Inicialmente foram encontrados 275 artigos. Destes, somente 41 foram publicados nos últimos cinco anos e 38 apresentavam o texto completo.  Após análise, foram incluídos nessa revisão integrativa 10 artigos. Alinhadores ortodônticos corrigiram a mordida aberta anterior através de movimentos de intrusão molar, extrusão e retração de incisivos, rotação mandibular no sentido anti-horário e diminuição da altura facial. Mini-implantes, mini-placas, elásticos verticais, attachments otimizados, micro-osteoperfurações e vibração de alta frequências, foram utilizados para otimizar a movimentação. Considerações finais: Com base nos estudos incluídos, parece ser possível tratar mordida aberta anterior com alinhadores ortodônticos, principalmente para casos leves e moderados.
Ecological problems of the Russian Arctic Zone on the example of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area
Authors:   Solomenko Institute of Transport Problems of the Russian academy of sciences, Gurlev I.V. , Makosko A.A. ,   A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Malygin I.G. ,   Solomenko Institute of Transport Problems of the Russian academy of sciences
Published: September 2024

The authors analyze the ecological state of three environments (media) of the Russian Arctic zone on the example of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area: soil, water and atmosphere. The the Autonomous Area economy is based on the oil and gas production, which has an increasing negative impact on the region ecology. Environmental pollution due to accidents and fires on oil pipelines, the formation of unauthorized landfills near settlements, contamination of rivers and reservoirs, air pollution, year–round navigation in the Gulf of Ob contribute to the overall change in the region microclimate, which leads to degradation of pastures, changes in deer migration routes and disruption of the traditional way of life of the indigenous population — Nenets-reindeer herders. In order to restore pastures and preserve the traditional way of life of reindeer herders, the authors propose building roads and railways on stilts or isolating reindeer herds from transport infrastructure with the help of eco-bridges so that it does not become an obstacle to seasonal migration of reindeer along traditional routes.
MECHANISM OF DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Nikonova L. V. , Tishkovskiy S. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Martinkevich O. N. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus
Published: September 2024

The importance of studying cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) for practicing physicians is explained by the fact that, according to WHO, in 2022 there were 537 million patients with DM in the world and, according to disappointing forecasts, by 2045 their number will increase to 784 million people. As evidenced by epidemiological data, currently about 40 million people in the world suffer from dementia and cognitive dysfunction. Diabetes belongs to the most common group of diseases that causes physiological and pathological changes in the blood vessels of the brain, which leads to the development of cognitive impairment. However, this topic is insufficiently studied. In modern literature there is conflicting information on the discussed issue, which necessitates an analysis of risk factors and characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes.