bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel recombinant javanicin with dual antifungal and anti-proliferative activities
Authors: Orrapin Santhasiri , Intorasoot Amornrat , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Dechsupa Nathupakorn , Kantapan Jiraporn , Onphat Yanika , Srimek Chutima , Sitthidet Tharinjaroen Chayada , Anukool Usanee , Butr-Indr Bordin , Phunpae Ponrut , Intorasoot Sorasak
Published: December 2019

Resistance to common drugs by microorganisms and cancers has become a major issue in modern healthcare, increasing the number of deaths worldwide. Novel therapeutic agents with a higher efficiency and less side effects for the treatment of certain diseases are urgently needed. Plant defensins have an integral role in a hosts’ immune system and are attractive candidates for combatting drug-resistant microorganisms. Interestingly, some of these defensins also showed great potential due to their cytotoxic activity toward cancer cells. In this study, a defensin encoding gene was isolated from five legume seeds using 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (3′ RACE) with degenerate primers and cDNA cloning strategies. Bioinformatic tools were used forin silicoidentification and the characterization of new sequences. To study the functional characteristics of these unique defensins, the gene encoded forSesbania javanicadefensin, designated as javanicin, was cloned into pTXB-1 plasmid and expressed in theEscherichia coliOrigami 2 (DE3) strain. Under optimized conditions, a 34-kDa javanicin-intein fusion protein was expressed and approximately 2.5–3.5 mg/L of soluble recombinant javanicin was successfully extracted with over 90% purity. Recombinant javanicin displayed antifungal properties against human pathogenic fungi, including resistant strains, as well as cytotoxic activities toward the human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231. Recombinant javanicin holds great promise as a novel therapeutic agent for further medical applications.
Multiple sclerosis drug FTY-720 toxicity is mediated by the heterotypic fusion of organelles in neuroendocrine cells
Authors: Gimenez-Molina Yolanda , García-Martínez Virginia , Villanueva José , Davletov Bazbek , Gutiérrez Luis M.
Published: December 2019

FTY-720 (Fingolimod) was one of the first compounds authorized for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Among its other activities, this sphingosine analogue enhances exocytosis in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells, altering the quantal release of catecholamines. Surprisingly, the size of chromaffin granules is reduced within few minutes of treatment, a process that is paralleled by the homotypic fusion of granules and their heterotypic fusion with mitochondria, as witnessed by dynamic confocal and TIRF microscopy. Electron microscopy studies support these observations, revealing the fusion of several vesicles with individual mitochondria to form large, round mixed organelles. This cross-fusion is SNARE-dependent, being partially prevented by the expression of an inactive form of SNAP-25. Fused mitochondria exhibit an altered redox potential, which dramatically enhances cell death. Therefore, the cross-fusion of intracellular organelles appears to be a new mechanism to be borne in mind when considering the effect of FTY-720 on the survival of neuroendocrine cells.
Photocatalytic selective aerobic oxidation of amines to nitriles over Ru/γ-Al2O3: the role of the support surface and the strong imine intermediate adsorption
Authors: Zhu Pengqi , Zhang Jin , Wang Jie , Kong Peng , Wang Yunwei , Zheng Zhanfeng
Published: December 2019

The abundant surface OH groups and electron-deficient Ru sites on Ru/γ-Al2O3ensure the high selectivity to nitriles under light irradiation.
Self-tuned properties of CuZnO catalysts for hydroxymethylfurfural hydrodeoxygenation towards dimethylfuran production
Authors: Brzezińska Magdalena , Keller Nicolas , Ruppert Agnieszka M.
Published: December 2019

CuZnO is used as robust, efficient and self-tuned catalyst for the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) into 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) or 2,5-bishydroxymethylfuran (BHMF) depending on the preparation method and the reaction environment.
Amphiphilic anthanthrene trimers that exfoliate graphite and individualize single wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Münich Peter W. , Pfäffli Matthias , Volland Michel , Liu Shi-Xia , Häner Robert , Guldi Dirk M.
Published: December 2019

Utility of amphiphilic anthanthrene trimers for efficient exfoliation of graphite and individualization of SWCNTs in polar solvents is reported.
Exploring the potentials of Ti3N2 and Ti3N2X2 (X = O, F, OH) monolayers as anodes for Li or non-Li ion batteries from first-principles calculations
Authors: Yu Hongli , Lin Wei , Zhang Yongfan , Li Yi , Ding Kaining , Huang Shuping , Chen Wenkai
Published: December 2019

The electronic properties and metal ion (Li, Na, Mg) storage capabilities of the two-dimensional Ti3N2 monolayer and its Ti3N2X2 derivatives (X = O, F, OH) as anode materials in rechargeable batteries are investigated by DFT computations.
High-performance sono/nano-catalytic system: CTSN/Fe3O4–Cu nanocomposite, a promising heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of N-arylimidazoles
Authors: Taheri-Ledari Reza , Hashemi Seyed Masoud , Maleki Ali
Published: December 2019

High-performance sono/nano-catalytic system: CTSN/Fe3O4–Cu nanocomposite, a promising heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of N-arylimidazoles with high yields.
Advances in nanomaterials as novel elicitors of pharmacologically active plant specialized metabolites: current status and future outlooks
Authors: Anjum Sumaira , Anjum Iram , Hano Christopher , Kousar Sidra
Published: December 2019

Advancement in nanomaterials as novel elicitors of plant's specialized secondary metabolites.
Characterization of an SSB–dT25 complex: structural insights into the S-shaped ssDNA binding conformation
Authors: Huang Yen-Hua , Chen I-Chen , Huang Cheng-Yang
Published: December 2019

Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding proteins (SSBs) play an important role in all DNA-dependent cellular processes, such as DNA replication, recombination, repair, and replication restart.
Merging polyacenes and cationic helicenes: from weak to intense chiroptical properties in the far red region
Authors: Duwald Romain , Bosson Johann , Pascal Simon , Grass Stéphane , Zinna Francesco , Besnard Céline , Di Bari Lorenzo , Jacquemin Denis , Lacour Jérôme
Published: December 2019

Helical polyaza acenes, made from cationic [4] and [6]helicenes, display bright fluorescence. Only [6]helicene-derived tetracenes show enhanced ECD and CPL responses in the visible range as rationalized from first principles.
Top-down synthesis of polyoxometalate-like sub-nanometer molybdenum-oxo clusters as high-performance electrocatalysts
Authors: Liu Rongji , Cao Kecheng , Clark Adam H. , Lu Peilong , Anjass Montaha , Biskupek Johannes , Kaiser Ute , Zhang Guangjin , Streb Carsten
Published: December 2019

The top-down synthesis and deposition of polyoxometalate-like clusters on porous carbon is reported together with the high electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactivity of the composite.
Association betweenapurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1rs1760944 T>G polymorphism and susceptibility of cancer: a meta-analysis involving 21764 subjects
Authors: Ding Guowen , Chen Yu , Pan Huiwen , Qiu Hao , Tang Weifeng , Chen Shuchen
Published: December 2019

Background: Previous case–control studies have suggested that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) rs1760944 T>G polymorphism may be associated with cancer risk. Here, we carried out an updated meta-analysis to focus on the correlation between APE1 rs1760944 T>G locus and the risk of cancer.

Methods: We used the crude odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the possible relationship between the APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism and cancer risk. Heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also harnessed to check the potential bias of the present study.

Results: Twenty-three independent studies involving 10166 cancer cases and 11598 controls were eligible for this pooled analysis. We found that APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism decreased the risk of cancer in four genetic models (G vs. T: OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.83–0.92; P<0.001; GG vs. TT: OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.69–0.86; P<0.001; GG/TG vs. TT: OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77–0.89, P<0.001 and GG vs. TT/TG: OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80–0.92, P<0.001). Results of subgroup analyses also demonstrated that this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) modified the risk among lung cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and Asians. Evidence of publication bias was found in the present study. When we treated the publication bias with ‘trim-and-fill’ method, the adjusted ORs and CIs were not significantly changed.

Conclusion: In conclusion, current evidence highlights that the APE1 rs1760944 T>G polymorphism is a protective factor for cancer susceptibility. In the future, case–control studies with detailed risk factors are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
Perceptions of Stuttering of Different Age Groups
Authors: Kondrashov Sergey M. , Tetnowski John A.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of stuttering of school-age children who stutter and those of adults who stutter through the use of the same tools that could be commonly used by clinicians.

Method

Twenty-three participants across various ages and stuttering severity were administered both the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition (SSI-4;
Riley, 2009
) and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile (
Wright & Ayre, 2000
). Comparisons were made between severity of behavioral measures of stuttering made by the SSI-4 and by age (child/adult).

Results

Significant differences were obtained for the age comparison but not for the severity comparison. Results are explained in terms of the correlation between severity equivalents of the SSI-4 and the Wright & Ayre Stuttering Self-Rating Profile scores, with clinical implications justifying multi-aspect assessment.

Conclusions

Clinical implications indicate that self-perception and impact of stuttering must not be assumed and should be evaluated for individual participants. Research implications include further study with a larger subject pool and various levels of stuttering severity.
Differential piezoresistive wind speed sensor on flexible substrate
Authors: Yi Zhenxiang , Zhao Tian , Qin Ming , Huang Qing‐An
Published: December 2019

In this Letter, a differential piezoresitive wind speed sensor on a flexible substrate is proposed. Two piezoresistors with the same size are fabricated on the front surface and back surface of the substrate, respectively. When the wind blows towards the device, the flexible substrate is bent, increasing the resistance on the front surface and reducing that on the back surface. The proposed sensor is fabricated on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. Wind speed experiments are performed in the wind tunnel and the results demonstrate that the sensor can measure the wind speed up to about 20 m/s.
Increasing bending angle in thick-walled pipes with wide heating
Authors: Chavoshi Seyed Ehsan , Moussavi Torshizi Seyed Ebrahim
Published: December 2019

The spot heating of a metal part leads to many small deformations. The applications of this method are straightening the bridge parts, turbo-machinery shafts, and so forth. The movement of the heat source on a given path (line heating) leads to an increase in the deformation and the possibility of creating complex bends. However, it is complicated to predict and control the path and velocity of the heat source as well as determining the heat intensity. In the pipes, this method requires simultaneous control over the two torches on both sides of the pipe. The present study aims at investigating the mechanism of deformation and increasing the bending angle in thick pipes by means of a simple heating method. At first, the maximum bending in heating a large circular zone (entitled “wide heating”) is obtained by simulating the process using finite element method and optimizing it applying the genetic aggregation algorithm. Then, a new method for simultaneous heating within two zones is introduced. The interaction between two zones leads to the development of the shortening mechanism in the pipe wall and a significant increase in the bending angle. In this method, there is no need to move the torch where the temperature is controlled more accurately. To evaluate the finite element model, several pipe heating tests are performed with their results being agreed well with the simulation results.
Von internationalen Erfahrungen lernen und auf nationale Bedarfe reagieren
Authors: Kocks Andreas
Published: December 2019

Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpflege ist auch außerhalb der klassischen Arbeitsfelder wie im Krankenhaus oder der ambulanten Versorgung relevant. Das internationale Berufsbild der School Nurses – Schulgesundheitspflege – zeigt, dass die Themen Gesundheit und Krankheit bei Kindern und Jugendlichen vor der Schultür nicht haltmachen. Auch in Deutschland braucht es fachkompetente und strukturierte Versorgungsangebote.
Mundpflege bei oral intubierten Kindern
Authors: Wiegmann Katharina , Krüger Lars , Mannebach Thomas
Published: December 2019

Wartezeiten zum Lernen nutzen – das ist die Idee der One Minute Wonder. Wir stellen in loser Reihe OMWs zu verschiedenen Themen vor.
Sportpsychologische Beratung und Diagnostik zur Prävention und Rehabilitation von Sportverletzungen
Authors: Spielmann Jan , Hermann Hans-Dieter , Mayer Jan
Published: December 2019

Sportpsychologen stehen in der Regel nicht in der ersten Reihe. Oft erfährt man erst dann von ihnen, wenn es bei einem Athleten oder einer Mannschaft nicht mehr so gut läuft. Dabei sind sie ein wichtiger Teil des Betreuerteams und haben großen Anteil am Erfolg professioneller Sportler – auch und gerade im Zusammenhang mit Sportverletzungen.
Der Sprint in Therapie und Performance Training
Authors: Kotkowski Peter , Schmidtlein Oliver , Bachmaier Felix
Published: December 2019

Spezifisches Schnelligkeitstraining, insbesondere das Training der Sprintfähigkeit, hat in den letzten Jahren im Spielsport enorm an Bedeutung gewonnen. Trotzdem basiert das Training häufig auf Trivialliteratur sowie wenig fundierten Methoden und limitiert so seinen Stellenwert.
Psychologie in der Sportrehabilitation: Forschungslage und Maßnahmen
Authors: Kleinert Jens
Published: December 2019

Leistungssportler setzen sich bei der Ausübung ihrer Sportart hohen körperlichen und psychischen Belastungen aus. Kommt es zu einer Verletzung, steht für die betroffenen Athletinnen und Athleten viel auf dem Spiel. Neben der medizinischen Versorgung und Nachbehandlung ist die psychologische Betreuung wichtiger, als viele denken.
Einflussfaktoren auf das sicherheitsrelevante Wissen auf der Skipiste
Authors: Ruedl Gerhard , Pocecco Elena , Brunner Friedrich , Greier Klaus , Hildebrandt Carolin , Raschner Christian
Published: December 2019

Im Winter lockt es viele auf die Piste. Nicht selten kommt es dabei zu Unfällen. Einer der Risikofaktoren für Verletzungen auf Skipisten sind Kollisionen. Um diese zu vermeiden, wurden die FIS-Pistenregeln entwickelt. Damit sie wirken können, sollten Ski- und Snowboardfahrer sie jedoch auch kennen. Doch das tun offenbar nur wenige in ausreichendem Maß.
Identifying Prognostic Groups Using Machine Learning Tools in Patients Undergoing Chemoradiation for Inoperable Locally Advanced Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Pahuja Anjali K. , Chufal Kundan Singh , Ahmad Irfan , Bajpai Ram , Singh Rajpal , Chowdhary Rahul Lal , Sharma Maithili
Published: December 2019

Introduction Unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to have dismal 5-year overall survival (OS) rate. However, a subset of the patients treated with chemoradiation show significantly better outcome. Prediction of treatment outcome can be improved by utilizing machine learning tools, such as cluster analysis (CA), and is capable of identifying complex interactions among many variables. We have utilized CA to identify a cluster with good prognosis within stage III NSCLC.

Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes was done for 92 patients who underwent chemoradiation for inoperable locally advanced NSCLC from 2012 to 2018. Using various patient- and treatment-related variables, an exploratory factor analysis was performed to extract factors with eigenvalue > 1. An appropriate number of homogeneous groups were identified using agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis. Further K-mean cluster analysis was applied to classify each patient into their homogeneous clusters. The newly formed cluster variable was used as an independent variable to estimate survival over time using Kaplan–Meier method.

Results With a median follow-up of 18 months, median OS was 14 months. Using CA, three prognostic clusters were obtained. Cluster 2 with 36 patients had a median OS of 36 months, whereas Cluster 1 with 34 patients had a median OS of 20 months (p = 0.004).

Conclusion A cluster could thus be identified with a relatively good prognosis within stage III NSCLC. Using CA, we have attempted to create a model which may provide more specific prognostic information in addition to that provided by tumor node metastasis-based models.
Multiple scattering of plane compressional waves by two cylindrical core-shell inclusions with surface effect
Authors: Wang Sihe , Lei Dongxia , Ou Zhiying
Published: December 2019

Elastic wave propagation at nanoscale exhibits some special properties due to surface/interface effect. Scattering of plane compressional waves (P-wave) by two nanocylindrical core-shell inclusions in an elastic solid medium is investigated in this study. The wave fields of the core-shell structure are given by the eigenfunction expansion method and Graf addition theorem. The effect of factors such as surface energy, center distance, and thickness of the liner under different incident wave frequencies has been discussed. The results show that as the radius of the core-shell inclusions shrinks to nanometers, surface energy becomes a dominant factor that affects the scattering of elastic waves. The interaction between two core-shell inclusions in multiple scattering phenomena is discussed at the same time.
Mach number and plasma beta dependence of the ion temperature perpendicular to the external magnetic field in the transition region of perpendicular collisionless shocks
Authors: Yamazaki Ryo , Shinoda Ayato , Umeda Takayuki , Matsukiyo Shuichi
Published: December 2019

Ion temperature anisotropy is a common feature for (quasi-)perpendicular collisionless shocks. By using two-dimensional full particle simulations, it is shown that the ion temperature component perpendicular to the shock magnetic field at the shock foot region is proportional to the square of the Alfvén Mach number divided by the plasma beta. This result is also explained by a simple analytical argument in which the reflected ions get energy from an upstream plasma flow. By comparing our analytic and numerical results, it is also confirmed that the fraction of the reflected ions hardly depends on the plasma beta and the Alfvén Mach number when the square of the Alfvén Mach number divided by the plasma beta is larger than about 20.
Fiber orientation and volume fraction of particles in 3D printing materials affect strength and quality
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: December 2019

Numerical study demonstrates the orientation and volume fraction of fibers in 3D printing materials have effects on finished products’ thermal and mechanical properties.
High prevalence of non-native fish species in a remote region of the Mamberamo River, Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Arif , Atminarso Dwi , Baumgartner Lee , Vasemagi Anti
Published: December 2019

Indonesian freshwater fish diversity is threatened by human activities such as logging, land clearing, pollution and introduction of non-native species. The latter may pose serious threats to endemic freshwater fauna even in relatively pristine and isolated habitats. One such area, West Papua in the island of New Guinea, is one of the least studied regions in the world and a biodiversity hotspot. The Mamberamo River contains the highest proportion of non-native fish compared to other major river systems in New Guinea. To document this, we conducted a field study to validate and further temporally characterise the fish biodiversity to ascertain its current status. Since the last ichthyological survey 15 years ago, we detected two additional non-native species (Leptobarbus melanopterus and Oreochromis niloticus) that have established in the river system. Moreover, our survey revealed that non-native fish are extremely common in the mid reaches of the Mamberamo River, comprising 74% of total catch, with non-native Barbonymus gonionotus (family Cyprinidae) now established as the dominant species. The biomass of non-native B. gonionotus now exceeds that of all native fish combined in the main river channel. These results highlight the serious threat of invasive species in remote regions that support high levels of endemic biodiversity. Plans for containment, prevention through education programmes, and management are urgently required.
Characterization flour of two seaweeds (Gracilaria spp. and Kappaphycus alvarezii) for reducing consumption of wheat flour in Indonesia
Authors: Munandar A , Surilayani D , Haryati S , Sumantri M H , Aditia R P , Pratama G
Published: December 2019

Dependence on wheat flour in Indonesia can be reduced by looking for substitute ingredients which had high nutritional value, one of which was seaweeds. The objective of this research was to determine the characteristics of flour of two seaweeds (Gracilaria spp. and Kappaphycus alvarezii). Seaweed flours have produced using a hammer mill. The comparative of characteristics on two seaweed flours with proximate composition, crude fiber, and L* parameter. The proximate content of seaweed flours from Gracilaria spp. and K. alvarezii were moisture 11,83% and 17,56%, ash 15,08% and 16,90%, fat 0,32% and 0,13%, and protein 8,77% and 4,07%, respectively. The value of crude fiber and L* parameter in seaweed flour K. alvarezii (5,43% and 80,50%) were higher than Gracilaria spp. (4,77% and 49,90%). The best of seaweed flour was Gracilaria spp. flour, because of the content almost similar to wheat flour.
Effects of L-threonine and L-tryptophan supplementation on the body weight and internal organs weight of native chickens aged 14 weeks
Authors: Lisnahan C V , Nahak O R
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of L-threonine and L-tryptophan supplementation on the body weight and internal organs weight of native chickens aged 14 weeks. The experiment used 112 six-week old native chickens. They were allocated to four treatments and four replicates. The four dietary treatments were: (1) T0(control); (2) T1(supplementation of 0.25% L-threonine and 0.07% L-tryptophan); (3) T2(supplementation of 0.58% L-threonine and 0.14% L-tryptophan); and (4) T3(supplementation of 0.85% L-threonine and 0.20% L-tryptophan). The result showed that the body weight of T0, T1, T2and T3were 1044.28, 1081.91, 1115.95 and 1151.34 g/bird, respectively. The liver, pancreas, and gizzard weights and the intestinal length were 2.56, 2.66, 2.81 and 2.91 g/bird; 3.90, 4.17, 4.43 and 4.46 g/bird; 26.00, 28.63, 30.26 and 31.28 g/bird; 124.80, 131.90, 137.88 and 139.73 cm/bird, respectively. The result indicated that the body weight, liver, gizzard, and intestinal length affected by level of L-threonine and L-tryptophan (P<0.01). It was concluded that supplementation with 0.85% L-threonine and 0.20% L-tryptophan to the diet of native chickens resulted in optimal body weight and internal organs weight at 14 weeks.
Growth and production of 2 cultivars (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.) on regrowth phase
Authors: Ananta D , Bachruddin Z , Umami N
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to determine growth and production of two Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. Cultivars: GU-1 (Accession 1 from Gama Ray) and local on regrowth phase. The defoliation treatment was conducted for 120 days from regrowth phase 1 and 2 of both cultivars, with three replicates for each dose. Grasses were planted with space 1×1 m and then divided into three plots. Variables observed in the study included vegetative growth (plant height, plant length, segments length, leaves length, stem diameter, and number of tiller) and biomass production (fresh, dry matter, and organic matter production). The study used split-plot design with main-plot was regrowth phase, sub-plot was cultivars (GU-1 and local). Statistically significant results with ANOVA (α=0.05) were followed by Duncan’s new multiple range test. The results showed that GU-1 produced higher (P<0.05) biomass production on fresh (141.79 t/ha), dry matter (25.85 t/ha), and organic matter production (22.96 t/ha) than local Napiergrass. Regrowth phase 2 showed higher plant length, number of tiller and biomass production than those in phase 1. It can be concluded that napiergrass of GU-1 cultivar had higher biomass production than local. Defoliation can increase vegetative growth and biomass production of napiergrass.
Impact of the number of blades of the geokhod cutting body on the energy intensity of the rock destruction
Authors: Aksenov V V , Efremenkov A B , Sadovets V Yu , Pashkov D A , Efremenkov V A
Published: December 2019

The article presents the sequence of calculating the energy intensity of the rock destruction with the blade of the geokhod cutting body. The influence of the number of cutting elements of the geokhod body on the energy intensity of rock destruction is determined. To substantiate the relevance of the study, features of the new class of mining machines – geokhods and the main provisions of geokhod technology are presented.

The main research stages are formulated, based on the method for determining the energy intensity of the destruction of the rock face with the blade of the geokhod body. Geometrical features and power parameters of the geokhod blade cutting body that affect the energy intensity of rock destruction are identified.

To determine the influence of the number of blades of the geokhod body on the energy intensity of the destruction of the rock face, the geometrical parameters of the blade body and the parameters of the mining and technical conditions of the mine working are substantiated. For carrying out mathematical calculations, an algorithm has been developed for calculating the energy intensity of the destruction of a rock face with a blade body a geokhod. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the energy intensity of the destruction of rock with the blade cutting body increases unevenly with increasing number of blades.
The concept of creating perspective technological paradigm of formation (development) of the underground space on the basis of the leading development of new approaches in construction geotechnology and geotechnics. Premises and basic provisions (part 2)
Authors: Aksenov V V , Khoreshok A A , Beglyakov V U , Efremenkov A B
Published: December 2019

The article presents some reasons for the lagging of domestic mining engineering from foreign competitors, substantiates the need to form a new promising technological paradigm in the field of formation and development of underground space. A new systematic approach to the development of geotechnics and geotechnologies is proposed, which allows for creation of prerequisites for formation of a new technological structure and Russia’s breakthrough into leading positions in the field of geotechnology and mining engineering.
Reserves for increasing electricity production on operating nuclear power plants
Authors: Belyakov V N , Kondurov P , Kruglikov P A , Nikulenkov O V
Published: December 2019

Ways to increase electricity production on operation nuclear power plants by means of improving circuit equipment performance are considered. The paper gives specific quantitative examples of underproduction of electric power by individual nodes of the thermal circuit of a nuclear power unit. The authors emphasize the importance of the development of a thermal-hydraulic model of an NPP unit at the stage of data processing of thermal tests with a view to agreeing the energy and material balances of the thermal scheme. This approach allows to increase the accuracy of the analysis of thermal efficiency of energy equipment.
Study of the thermal stability of process lubricants for heavy-duty modes of contact friction
Authors: Berdichevsky E G
Published: December 2019

Results of research of thermal stability of the lubricants used in industrial technologies related to heavy-duty modes of contact friction are given. Certain mathematical models of thermal destruction of lubricants process allow to give approximate quality assessment. Considering complexity of process of thermal destruction experimental studies are necessary and orientation for them is offered. The two-stage process of thermal destruction of lubricants is shown; the rate of pyrolysis is studied. The conclusion is drawn on the influence of flying products of thermal decomposition of lubricants on a tribological situation in the zone of contact friction.
Energetic activation of the processes of abrasive diamond metal processing
Authors: Berdichevsky E G
Published: December 2019

The possibility of energetic activation of the processes of abrasive diamond metal processing is considered. Emphasis is placed on thermal activation of coolants and lubricants and on electrical activation of the grinding zone. It is shown that under certain conditions, the external energy supply can significantly improve the performance of abrasive-diamond processing. The role of the electrode potential during electrical activation is disclosed. Physical aspects of energetic activation are discussed. The prospects of other schemes of electric activation are demonstrated.
Pre-investment quantitative assessment of the geological risk of the development of coal deposits
Authors: Efremenkov A B , Rogova T B , Shaklein S V , Efremenkov V A
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the main goals, objectives, and directions of modeling and optimization of technological processes and construction industry. The basic tasks and factors of organizational and technological modeling of the construction industry, as well as their influence on the change in production volumes, labor productivity growth and the efficiency of construction enterprises have been determined. The main directions of optimization of technological processes and construction are formulated on the basis of modernization and development of production and technological capabilities of construction enterprises.
Regeneration and utilization of solvents after the process of physical and chemical cleaning of metal optics
Authors: Filin S A , Rogalin V E , Kaplunov I A
Published: December 2019

The possibility of application of a semipermeable polymer membrane in total with the method of rectification purification for the repeated use of freon-114
B
2 and detergent compositions based on it for cleaning metal optics in a closed technological cycle while ensuring the environmental cleanliness of the process and saving solvents has been identified and justified. The investigated adsorption method is effective for cleaning freon-114
B
2 from rosin resins contaminats: among adsorbents (activated carbon, silica gel, anion exchange resin IA-I, silica gel S-80). Silica gel S-80 has the highest adsorption capacity (up to 50 mg / l). It has been shown that regeneration of freon-114
B
2 with the help of a polymer semipermeable membrane after its use for cleaning metal optics allows to reduce the amount of impurities present in it by at least 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, organic molecules, that have long surfactant chains, oils, fats of organic and mineral origin are almost completely separated from the regenerated solvent.
The influence of the thermomechanical conditions and the geometric parameters of TiNi alloy force elements on the deformation processes of two-way memory effects
Authors: Khlopkov E A , Belousov N N , Makarova T A , Brovkina Ya Yu , Mikhailov A O , Vyunenko Yu N
Published: December 2019

The paper presents data of the two-way memory effect deformation processes dependencies of the various TiNi force elements from different temperature and force modes.
Justification of rejection values of defect characteristics in ultrasonic testing of welded joints
Authors: Konovalov N N , Petrov A A
Published: December 2019

Probabilistic models of substantiation of rejection values of the measured characteristics of defects during ultrasonic testing of welded joints using phased antenna arrays that reduce possible test errors are considered. It is shown that the most important for usage are the reliability indicators of non-destructive testing, taking into account the sub-rejection. The recommended application areas for evaluating the reliability D* criteria of ultrasonic testing using alternative and quantitative indicators for selecting rejection values of measured defect characteristics have been determined.
Structural-analytical mesomechanics of a solid body with reversible martensitic transformations
Authors: Malinin V G , Malinin G V , Malinina N A , Malukhina O A
Published: December 2019

In the given article the structurally-analytical mesomechanics for environments with martensitic mechanism of mass transfer is developed. Wave equations are derived to describe the deformation process initiated by martensitic transformations at meso and macro-scale levels.
Equivalent parameters of thermal comfort of the room
Authors: Ryabova T V , Sulin A B , Nikitin A A , Emelyanov A L , Bordashev K A
Published: December 2019

Modern approaches to the substantiation of comfort parameters of the microclimate and rooms are mainly focused on the requirements of State Standart ГOCT P ИCO 7730 and ASHRAE Standard 55. The article describes a method for calculating the dependencies of the required air temperature on mobility, mobility and radiation temperature difference at various levels of metabolism and insulation of clothing for three classes comfort.

For each class of comfort pre-built tables of iso-comfort microclimatic parameters, which are calculated for different levels of human metabolism and clothing characteristics. The obtained values from the tables of iso-comfort microclimatic parameters are substituted into the empirically derived equation for calculating the equivalent temperature. The results in the form of the equivalent comfortable temperature are approximated as a function of the level of metabolism and the characteristics of the clothes, as a result of which generalized calculated expressions of the parameter of the equivalent comfortable temperature are obtained. The results in the form of the equivalent comfortable temperature are approximated as a function of the level of metabolism and the characteristics of the clothes, as a result of which generalized calculated expressions of the parameter of the equivalent comfortable temperature are obtained. Thus, six data arrays with thermal comfort parameters for rooms of three classes are summarized by six calculated algebraic expressions. The obtained calculated expressions of equivalent comfortable temperature can be used in the design of air conditioning systems and in programming automatic climate control systems.
Technology of electrodepositing and properties of indium-containing chromium alloys
Authors: Tikhonov A A , Filippov D A , Arendateleva S I , Perepelitsa T I
Published: December 2019

The experimental results of the influence of electrolyte composition and electrodepositing regimes on the properties of galvanic gradient indium-containing composite coatings based on chromium are presented. The dependences of micro hardness, coefficient of friction and wear resistance of coatings on electrodepositing regimes and electrolyte composition were studied. The effect of coating thickness on properties of gradient coatings was investigated. It is shown that the gradient alloy chromium – indium – molybdenum – vanadium – boron nitride (elbor), obtained by electrolytic deposition, has a high wear resistance and is far superior to the wear resistance of the coating obtained from standard chromium sulphate electrolyte.
Reokinetics of urethane epoxy oligomers hardening and formation of cold curing adhesive compositions based on them
Authors: Volkova E R , Slobodinuk A I , Savchuk A I , Pogoreltsev E V , Strelnikov V N
Published: December 2019

In order to obtain polymeric binders for cold cure structural adhesives based on urethane epoxy oligomers, cycloaliphatic amines such as aminoethyl piperazine and isophorone diamine are used as hardeners. The reokinetic features of the curing process of polytetraurethanhydroxyl compositions at temperature of 25 ± 1 ° C were investigated, and influence regularities of the reactive oligomers composition on the dynamics of viscosity increase and the viability time of the compositions were established. The rheological parameters of the hardening process of the investigated compositions were determined. The assessment of adhesion strength for detachment of cold-curing adhesive joints formed on the basis of EUO is presented. The proposed compositions can be used for bonding ceramic linings operating under extreme conditions of the Arctic.
Client-server technologies at the enterprises of Industry 4.0
Authors: Zakoldaev D A , Gurjanov A V , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O
Published: December 2019

The task is to project the distributed architecture of calculation net for a digital and smart factory of Industry 4.0. The calculation net architecture defines the calculation resources components and their interaction to organize designer project activity or to manufacture a set of items in a serial plant. You may use in Industry 4.0 factory calculation net architecture client and server technologies. All factory technological equipment is classified by the type of the operation being completed: thin client, thick client, universal client and server equipment. Thin client of cyber and physical production is the simplest communication device with installed software which functions as a terminal and being used by the operator. Thick client of cyber and physical production is a complete production machine (test equipment) which is capable to work automatically by the programed algorithm. Universal client of cyber and physical production combines the properties of thin and thick clients. A cyber and physical system is a universal client example of the smart factory calculation net. Digital factory net thin client is a communication device with software which is used to control the modes of digital models virtual tests. Digital factory net thick client is a work station to conduct digital models virtual tests with your own calculation resources. Digital factory net universal client is a PC which is a part of the designer automatic work place and which is used to develop and create construction, program and technological documentation and also item digital models. Server equipment is a terminal server, data server and application server to exchange the information in multi-level hierarchy calculation net. Some schemes of digital and smart factories calculation net architecture are given.
Numerical Prediction of Sand Erosion in Elbows
Authors: Saeid Nawaf H. , Rosli Roslynna
Published: December 2019

In the present article, turbulent flow of crude oil and sand particles in piping system with a 90° elbow is analysed using computational fluid dynamics simulations. The flow of the crude oil is modelled as continuous fluid which is govern by the continuity and Reynold-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. The Discrete phase model is used for sand particle flow. The governing parameters considered in the present study are: the inlet velocity, spherical sand particle size and sand mass flow rate. The maximum erosion rate is found on the outer surface of the elbow where the sand and fluid impinging the surface before changing the flow direction. It is found that the erosion rate is increasing with the increase of the inlet velocity of the crude oil. The numerical results show that the large sand particles with constant sand flow rate causing less erosion rate than those of smaller diameter. The results show also that the increase of the sand mass flow rate leads to the increase of the erosion rate.
Preparation and Evaluation of Mefenamic Acid Transdermal Patches Prepared from Pressure Sensitive Adhesive
Authors: Suksaeree Jirapornchai , Sampaopan Yupaporn , Pichayakorn Wiwat , Kalkornsurapranee Ekwipoo
Published: December 2019

The pressure sensitive adhesive is interesting to apply in pharmaceutical and medical products. It composed of STR 5L block rubber which has high uniformity and very low impurity. Thus, it was used to prepare the transdermal patches for mefenamic acid delivery. The mefenamic acid powder was loaded in pure STR 5L block rubber and pressure sensitive adhesive. The pressure sensitive adhesive was the STR 5L block rubber mixed with hydroxyethyl cellulose and white oil which were used as tackifier and softener, respectively. The preparation of mefenamic acid loaded in transdermal patches were crushed by melt blending technique with two-roll mill machine. The mefenamic acid could be mixed into pure STR 5L block rubber and pressure sensitive adhesive to be the homogeneous transdermal patches. The percentages of moisture uptake and swelling ratio were less than 5% and 15%, respectively. The mefenamic acid was entrapped in the range of 75-90%. However, the content of mefenamic acid from transdermal patches was a low cumulative release (less than 60% of cumulative drug release). Therefore, this preparation of mefenamic acid loaded in transdermal patches might be developed to increase the release of mefenamic acid from transdermal patches in further study.
Optimal Sensor Placement of Health Management for Thermal Protection System on RLV
Authors: Xuan Jianlin , Zhou Wenhui , Song Yue
Published: December 2019

When a Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) travels through the atmosphere there should be strong aero heating around it, so a Thermal Protection System (TPS) would be used to protect the vehicle structures from aero thermal ablation. However, the TPS structure may fail more frequently than normal vehicle structures because of the severe environment and load conditions, while a TPS failure can even lead to a catastrophic breakdown of vehicle structures. To keep the RLV safe, the TPS must be monitored real-time. To learn the heat transfer inside a ceramic TPS tile finite element models are built, and computation made with them indicates that temperature monitoring and frequency monitoring of the TPS structure should be effectual for fault detection. Health management for TPS is one of the key technologies for space vehicle. The paper puts forward a method that analyze and valuation the system states by monitoring the key function index sign of TPS. The concept of health management for Thermal Protection System of space shuttle and the principles of health monitoring are introduced. The principles of sensor selection and layout optimization method for TPS Health Management are discussed.
Research on Turbine Rotor Fault Diagnosis Based on CPSO-BBO Optimization SVM
Authors: Shi Zhibiao , Dong Wenzhuo
Published: December 2019

In order to improve the recognition accuracy and efficiency of the turbine rotor fault diagnosis, a fault diagnosis method based on CPSO-BBO (chaos particle swarm optimization biogeography based optimization) algorithm was proposed to optimize SVM (support vector machine). Firstly, four common faults states of turbine rotors were simulated by ZT-3 rotor test-bench to obtain fault data. Secondly, CEEMD (complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition) is used to decompose the rotor vibration signal, and the more effective intrinsic mode function (IMF) is screened by combining the variance contribution rate, and the corresponding PE (permutation entropy) is calculated as the fault characteristic value. After that, chaos theory and PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm are combined into the theory of BBO (biogeography based optimization) to obtain CPSO-BBO algorithm, which is used to optimize SVM to obtain the optimal parameters of the diagnostic model. Finally, the fault identification is studied by using the acquired fault data.
Experimental Study on the Stiffness and Shape Layout of Flapping Wing
Authors: Yang Wenqing , Xu Jianhua , Xuan Jianlin
Published: December 2019

Flapping-wing Micro Air Vehicle (FMAV) is a kind of bionic air vehicle, which looks like natural flying creatures and flies by flapping-wings only. Now, there is an upsurge of relative research about FMAV, and one focus research domain is to develop a flapping-wing with high aerodynamic performance. The wind-tunnel experiment is one of the main research manner, which can be used to test and control many parameters with high accuracy, like force, torque, flapping angle, frequency, power, etc. Based on the wind-tunnel system and inspired by birds, we mainly study the effects of stiffness and shape layout of the flapping wing, and get some conclusions. And this work may set up a good fundamental for further experiment about developing wing with high efficiency.
Researching rolling resistance of the wheeled forestry tractor at skidding
Authors: Klubnichkin Vladislav , Klubnichkin Evgeny , Makarov Vladimir , Podrubalov Maxim
Published: December 2019

Off-road performance improvement remains one of the main problems in designing wheeled dragging and forestry tractors. Improvement of off-road performance of the dragging and forestry tractors is closely related to the general problem of wheeled vehicles’ off-road performance, however it features a number of specific aspects which require specialized research to be made.

During tree skidding by a wheeled tractor, vertical load on a double-reduction axle greatly changes that is linked to additional load by a roundwood bundle and redistributed in-motion load. The above in-motion redistribution of load and driving moments along the axles greatly affects the vehicle’s off-road performance. While skidding, the increased load on a wheel leads to increased specific pressure, track depth and rolling resistance.

This work employs simplified tire calculation model used as a base to determine relationship between load and deformation. Calculation is made successively for each elementary tire section that allows for finding diagram of pressure distribution in the contact longitudinal plane and researching rolling resistance related to rutting and hysteresis losses in the tire material. Further experimental research of the driving wheel and wheel system motion allowed for elaborated theoretical analysis and helped to justify parameters the forestry tractor wheels.

The following tasks were set during this work:

1. To make efforts to elaborate approximated method for estimating relative elongation of the rolling resistance depending on wheel parameters, vertical load and air pressure. The method is based on calculation of contact pressure distribution on the basis of simplified tire model

2. To conduct experimental research of rolling resistance for one wheel and wheel set of a tractor in the leading movement mode with due regard to tire tangential deformation.

3. To study aspects of a process of rolling resistance of a forestry tractor during tree skidding in summer time. To run comparative draw tests of a forestry tractor equipped with tires of variable size.

4. To find out possibilities to reduce rolling resistance basing on theoretical and experimental researches.