bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creation of a Model of a Cutting Tool Using Additive Manufacturing for Visualization of Machining Angles
Authors: Martín Fernández Francisco de Sales , Martín Sánchez María Jesús , Cano Iglesias María José , Carrión Rodríguez Félix
Published: October 2023

Additive Manufacturing (AM) represents a technology that provides access to part designs that are impossible or very difficult to achieve by any other manufacturing process. In addition to this consideration, the possibility of customization, and consequently, the almost immediate adaptation of dimensions and geometries makes the AM an exceptional alternative in the manufacture of prototypes. From the experience in the teaching of subjects in the Manufacturing Processes Engineering Area, it has been in different aspects of them that a special difficulty has been detected by the students in the spatial visualization of the concepts. A case of this, of special relevance, is that of the main cutting angles in a machining tool (with two cutting edges, main and secondary). In this work, a proposal for teaching innovation is proposed through the materialization of a removable model made with AM of a cutting tool in which different elements can be broken down, giving rise to the different angles indicated above. The students can operate with it, observing the angle of interest. The possibility of manufacturing with different polymeric, composite or metallic materials, of making modifications to the original designs to alter the contemplated angles and create new model configurations, the precise adjustment of the different pieces due to the non-appearance of a gap between them, the use of a wide range of colors for each piece or set of them, and changes in scale and so on, offer the possibility of expanding this work to any other type of cutting tools.
Plant Diversity, Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Stock in an Isolated Tropical Sub Montane Forest in Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerakoon B. M. B. , Nissanka S. P.
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted at Rilagala conservation forest, Nawalapitiya to assess and compare the plant diversity, above ground biomass and carbon stock in the periphery and interior of an isolated sub montane forest in Sri Lanka. All trees above 5 cm Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) in eleven randomly demarcated 25 m × 25 m plots were recorded. Distance up to 100 m from the forest boundary considered as the periphery (8 plots) and over 200 m as the core (3 plots). A total of 1,583 trees belonging to 29 species were recorded and aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon stocks were calculated using allometric equations. The tree diversity of each plot was calculated using the Shannon diversity index (H’). Results were statistically analysed using single factor ANOVA. The species richness and H’ were the highest at the periphery (n=23, H’= 2.55) while the lowest at forest interior (n=11, H’= 1.97). The highest tree density was recorded at periphery (2,992 trees ha-1) and it decreased to 1,408 trees ha-1 towards the core. The average DBH was 8.5 ± 3.33 cm and it increased towards the forest interior (9.7 ± 4.51 cm) from the periphery (7.2 ± 3.74 cm). Estimated aboveground biomass ranged from 63.99 - 108.13 Mg ha-1 with a mean of 82.53 ± 14.39 Mg ha-1. The above ground C stock was estimated from 31.99 - 54.07 Mg ha-1 with a mean of 41.26 ± 7.2 Mg ha-1. However, there was no significant difference between forest periphery and core in variables, except species richness (p<0.05). The study revealed that the diversity and density of trees decreased towards the forest interior and vice versa was recorded for DBH, AGB and carbon stock. The study highlights the importance of conserving isolated tropical sub montane forest patches for carbon sequestration.
Selection of Model Homegardens: Does the District Heterogeneity Classifies the Homegardens?
Authors: Kuruppuarachchi N. , Suriyagoda L. D. B. , Pushpakumara G. K. N. G. , Silva G. L. L. P.
Published: October 2023

Among numerous studies done with homegardens (HGs), few efforts have been drawn up to examine biodiversity, input availability and the influence of the complex environment of households and HGs on its produce. Interventions to improve HGs are generally done within the administrative boundaries of the region and the success of such attempts should be evaluated using appropriate tools. To address this research gap a study was formulated aiming at grouping selected HGs and identifying the variables contributing to grouping; and thereby suggesting the characteristics of a model HG. A HG survey was conducted focusing Ratnapura and Hambantota districts of Sri Lanka. Pooled and separated samples of HGs in the two districts were employed in K-means cluster analysis and the groups obtained were subjected to discriminant function analysis to derive the important variables in discriminating HGs. The HGs in Ratnapura were grouped into three categories and key variables contributing to differentiate those were annual expenditure for HG, labor usage, above ground biomass, disease occurrence, species density of trees, and tree density. There were four groups of HGs in Hambantota and key variables that contributed to their differences were; annual expenditure for HG, pest occurrence, annual income from HG, species density of trees, the total share of produce in HG used for consumption, technical knowledge on farming and land extent. Accordingly, the income-driven and diversity-enhanced components of a HG would make it a model HG achieving maximum productivity. However, due to the heterogeneity of HGs, distinct groups within a district could not be identified, suggesting the inappropriateness of making administrative boundaries-based decisions on the interventions in HGs.
Development of a Botanical Formulation Using Cinnamomum verum and Pongamia pinnata Leaves for Suppression of Nitrification in Soil
Authors: Dias A. M. , Dandeniya W. S.
Published: October 2023

There is a growing interest in controlling nitrification by using botanical nitrification inhibitors to enhance the nitrogen (N) fertilizer use efficiency. The main objective of this study was to develop a botanical formulation (BF) with Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) and Pongamia pinnata (karanda) leaves to suppress the nitrification rate of two soils (Red Yellow Podzolic (RYP) and Reddish-Brown Earth (RBE)) commonly used for vegetable cultivation in Sri Lanka. A BF was prepared using dried and powdered leaves of cinnamon and karanda, biochar and corn flour. The two soils were treated with BF at three rates (0, 5 and 10%, w/w) and the potential nitrification rate (PNR) was determined using the shaken slurry method in a laboratory incubation. The obtained data were analysed by Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) adopting a two factor factorial design. The BF application significantly delayed (P<0.05) nitrate formation in both soils. The RBE soil had significantly lesser (P<0.05) PNR compared to RYP soil. Application of 5 and 10% BF, significantly reduced PNR in both soils at 4 h of incubation. However, only a 10% BF application rate remained effective in suppressing PNR at 21 h of incubation. Results indicate the possibility of using dried, powdered leaves of cinnamon and karanda for suppressing nitrification in soil. Further studies are required to investigate the effect of developed BF on soil biological properties.
Borrelia burgdorferi Infection–Induced Persistent IgM Secretion Controls Bacteremia, but Not Bacterial Dissemination or Tissue Burden
Authors: Hastey Christine J , Olsen Kimberly J , Elsner Rebecca A , Mundigl Sophia , Tran Giang Vu Vi , Barthold Stephen W , Baumgarth Nicole
Published: October 2023

Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease in humans. In small rodents, the natural reservoir species of this spirochete, infections lead to only modest disease manifestations, despite causing persistence infection. Although B cell responses are central for controlling bacterial tissue burden and disease manifestations, they lack classical aspects of T-dependent responses, such as sustained IgG affinity maturation and longevity, corresponding with a rapid collapse of germinal centers. Instead, the Ab response is characterized by strong and ongoing secretion of IgM, whose origins and impact on protective immunity to B. burgdorferi remain unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that B. burgdorferi infection–induced IgM in mice was produced continuously, mainly by conventional B, not B-1 cells, in a T-independent manner. Although IgM was passively protective and restricted early bacteremia, its production had no effects on bacterial dissemination into solid tissues, nor did it affect Borrelia tissue burden. The latter was controlled by the induction of bactericidal IgG, as shown comparing infections in wild type mice with those of mice lacking exclusively secreted IgM−/−, all class-switched Abs via deletion of aicda (AID−/−), and all secreted Abs (secreted IgM−/− × AID−/−). Consistent with the notion that B. burgdorferi infection drives production of IgM over more tissue-penetrable IgG, we demonstrated increased short- and long-term IgM Ab responses also to a coadministered, unrelated Ag. Thus, the continued production of IgM may explain the absence of B. burgdorferi in the blood.
Prevalence and risk factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in a tertiary institution in South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Abonyi Michael Chinweuba , Ugwu Theophilus Ejiofor , Eze Christian Chukwuemeka
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in subjects attending a tertiary health center in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. This cross-sectional study was carried out during a three-day screening exercise among 147 diabetic patients at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, a referral center in Enugu, Nigeria. A total of 147 patients with diabetes were recruited, and underwent direct fundoscopy as well as slit lamp examination for Diabetes Mellitus (DM)-induced ocular abnormalities. Socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric indices were also obtained from each subject. The prevalence of DR was 18.7% in this study. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c>7%) was positively associated with the prevalence of DR. There was, however, no significant association between DR and known risk factors, including prolonged duration of DM, hypertension, Body Mass Index (BMI) and central obesity, fruit intake, alcohol use, and smoking. DR, a serious microvascular complication of DM, is present in a significant number of diabetic subjects. Primary prevention, by optimal glycemic control, is highly recommended to prevent largely irreversible retinal damage and visual loss.
Enhanced Task Scheduling Using Optimized Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Potluri Sirisha , Hamad Abdulsattar Abdullah , Godavarthi Deepthi , Basa Santi Swarup
Published: October 2023

The most significant constraint in cloud computing infrastructure is the job/task scheduling which affords the vital role of efficiency of the entire cloud computing services and offerings. Job/ task scheduling in cloud infrastructure means that to assign best appropriate cloud resources for the given job/task by considering of different factors: execution time and cost, infrastructure scalability and reliability, platform availability and throughput, resource utilization and makespan. The proposed enhanced task scheduling algorithm using particle swarm optimization considers optimization of makespan and scheduling time. We propose the proposed model by using dynamic adjustment of parameters with discrete positioning (DAPDP) based algorithm to schedule and allocate cloud jobs/tasks that ensues optimized makespan and scheduling time. DAPDP can witness a substantial role in attaining reliability in by seeing the available, scheduled and allocated cloud resources. Our approach DAPDP compared with other existing particle swarm and optimization job/task scheduling algorithms to prove that DAPDP can save in makespan, scheduling and execution time.
Galois lines for a canonical curve of genus 4, II: Skew cyclic lines
Authors: Komeda Jiryo , Takahashi Takeshi
Published: October 2023

Let

C \subset \mathbb{P}^3

be a canonical curve of genus

4

over an algebraically closed field

k

of characteristic zero. For a line

l

, we consider the projection

\pi_l\colon C \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^1

with center

l

and the extension of the function fields

\pi^*_l\colon k(\mathbb{P}^1) \hookrightarrow k(C)

. A line

l

is referred to as a cyclic line if the extension

k(C)/\pi_l^*(k(\mathbb{P}^1))

is cyclic. A line

l \subset \mathbb{P}^3

is said to be skew if

C \cap l = \emptyset

. We prove that the number of skew cyclic lines is equal to

0,1,3

or

9

. We determine curves that have nine skew cyclic lines.
Warstwy ochronne. Zbiór szkiców o literaturze i polityce
Authors: Graczyk Piotr
Published: October 2023

Andrzej Leder: „Zacznę od radości. Radość spływa na pasjonata filozofii czytającego prawdziwą filozofię. «Jak to możliwe?» – zadaje sobie pytanie. Jak to możliwe, że te myśli układające się w słowa czynią to, co niemożliwe; a właśnie czynienie niemożliwego zwraca nas w stronę tej szczególnej radości – filozoficznej. Więc tak czyta się eseje Graczyka. O wiele trudniej o nich pisać; jak w kryształkach odbijają się w nich wielkie fragmenty historycznej filozofii, a znowu odnoszenie się do odblasków tych całości, odzwierciedlanie ich po raz kolejny tak, by oddać ich szczególny blask, nie jest łatwe. Problem w tym, że wbrew twierdzeniu zawartemu we Wstępie, czyli rozprawie o warstwach ochronnych, eseje Graczyka nie są na podobieństwo przywoływanych tekstów Borgesa czy Lema opisami dzieł nieistniejących, lecz krystalizacjami myśli o książkach istniejących, o projektach spisanych, o autorach namacalnych. Owszem, przekształcają ich na własny sposób, ale wymagają od czytelnika odniesienia do całości i gry z całością. W tej grze – a o grze Graczyk również pisze – oczywiście pojawiają się dyskusja i polemika. Są one wyrazem szacunku – myśli filozoficznej można oddać godność, tylko z nią dyskutując”.
Dissecting power of intersection of two context-free languages
Authors: Rukavicka Josef
Published: October 2023

We say that a language $L$ is \emph{constantly growing} if there is a
constant $c$ such that for every word $u\in L$ there is a word $v\in L$ with
$\vert u\vert<\vert v\vert\leq c+\vert u\vert$. We say that a language $L$ is
\emph{geometrically growing} if there is a constant $c$ such that for every
word $u\in L$ there is a word $v\in L$ with $\vert u\vert<\vert v\vert\leq
c\vert u\vert$. Given two infinite languages $L_1,L_2$, we say that $L_1$
\emph{dissects} $L_2$ if $\vert L_2\setminus L_1\vert=\infty$ and $\vert
L_1\cap L_2\vert=\infty$. In 2013, it was shown that for every constantly
growing language $L$ there is a regular language $R$ such that $R$ dissects
$L$.
In the current article we show how to dissect a geometrically growing
language by a homomorphic image of intersection of two context-free languages.
Consider three alphabets $\Gamma$, $\Sigma$, and $\Theta$ such that $\vert
\Sigma\vert=1$ and $\vert \Theta\vert=4$. We prove that there are context-free
languages $M_1,M_2\subseteq \Theta^*$, an erasing alphabetical homomorphism
$\pi:\Theta^*\rightarrow \Sigma^*$, and a nonerasing alphabetical homomorphism
$\varphi : \Gamma^*\rightarrow \Sigma^*$ such that: If $L\subseteq \Gamma^*$ is
a geometrically growing language then there is a regular language $R\subseteq
\Theta^*$ such that $\varphi^{-1}\left(\pi\left(R\cap M_1\cap
M_2\right)\right)$ dissects the language $L$.
How Media Create Ghosts
Authors: Van Haaske Lejonis Aanris
Published: October 2023

The subject of the article is the representation of ideas about the paranormal in the media. This issue is often brought up by psychologists, who directly point to the leading role of the media in the formation of such representations in present-day time. The author points out the kinship of research in the field of “paranormal psychology” with the studies of induced phenomena by Vladimir Bekhterev, who directly pointed out the role of mass media in the formation of induced ideas. The empirical part of the work consists in the analysis of a sample of media reports on the presence of ghosts, catalogued by the author. The main research question is how the features of the localization of the ghost phenomenon stated in the media can provoke its representation. The author concludes that the media are not only conductors of paranormal ideas, as noted by other researchers, but also partially demonstrate the causal relationships underlying the formation of paranormal ideas. The author underlines the close connection between a particular location, its history and the very report of paranormal phenomena in it. The author identifies the main descriptive techniques of the media associated with paranormal ideas, as well as shows the specifics of their distribution in the media environment. In fact, the article is intended to fill a kind of “information vacuum”, which has formed in the studies of ideas about the paranormal both in the Russian and foreign scientific environment, which makes this study very relevant.
La exclusión política y sindical del Partido Comunista durante el gobierno de facto de José María Guido (1962-1963)
Authors: Murmis Ezequiel Patricio
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo busca analizar las características que asumió la política de exclusión del Partido Comunista durante el gobierno de facto de José María Guido en la Argentina (1962-1963). Para ello, se estudia la forma en que la misma se operó en el terreno de la política nacional y del movimiento obrero, considerando que en ambos campos el gobierno buscó frenar el crecimiento que el comunismo venía experimentando desde 1955. Se trata de un trabajo de historia social en el que se pretende dar cuenta del contexto en el que se produjo el golpe, los lineamientos políticos del gobierno, el rol de las Fuerzas Armadas y la situación del movimiento obrero, poniendo el foco en la actividad del PC y su agrupamiento sindical, el Movimiento de Unidad y Coordinación Sindical (MUCS).
Innovación como factor estratégico en la competitividad de las empresas turísticas del cantón Latacunga como factor estratégico en la competitividad de las empresas turísticas del cantón Latacunga
Authors: Vargas Riera Oscar Andrés , Cárdenas Pérez Alisva de los Angeles
Published: October 2023

El sector turístico desempeña un papel fundamental en el desarrollo económico de la región, por lo que es crucial que las empresas turísticas sean capaces de adaptarse y competir en un entorno cada vez más dinámico y exigente. El presente informe de investigación surge de la necesidad de determinar si la innovación que realizan este tipo de empresas constituye como factor estratégico en su competitividad, se identificó la necesidad de estudiar su realidad actual, pues el desconocimiento de este factor limita una posible intervención sobre las áreas clave que restringe un crecimiento en el mercado frente a otro tipo de empresas. La investigación tiene un enfoque no experimental, transversal y correlacional, es decir que se observa un fenómeno en su entorno natural sin interferir en las variables, se utiliza un enfoque descriptivo y correlacional, con un enfoque cuantitativo y una prueba de hipótesis para analizar la relación entre la innovación y la competitividad. Adicional se identificó que los tipos de innovación clave en las empresas turísticas son los que están relacionados con la tecnología por lo que se evidencia que se debe intervenir en estos aspectos para mejorar su competitividad.
The use of exile in the Russian state in the 17th century
Authors: Белова Н.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье подробно освещены вопросы, связанные с нормативным закреплением и применением ссылки в русском государстве в XVII в. На основе изучения исторических источников и научной литературы показан процесс расширения практики использования данной карательной меры государством и церковью в исследуемую эпоху, приведены примеры применения разных форм ссылки. Отмечено, что ссылка уголовных, политических и религиозных преступников в XVII столетии не только сохраняла карательный и устрашительный характер, но и рассматривалась правительством в качестве средства заселения окраин государства. Также уделено внимание применению ссылки как меры, заменявшей иные, более суровые наказания.

The article details the issues related to the normative consolidation and application of the link in the Russian state in the 17th century. Based on the study of historical sources and scientific literature, the process of expanding the practice of using this punitive measure by the state and the church in the period under consideration is shown and examples of the use of various forms of exile are given. It is noted that the exile of criminal, political and religious criminals in the17th century had a punitive and intimidating character and was also considered by the government as a means of settling the country’s outskirts. Attention is also paid to the use of exile as a measure replacing other, more severe punishments.
Institute of compensation for violation of conditions in places of detention and correctional facilities: problems of law enforcement practice
Authors: Завитова С.В. , Колосков А.М.
Published: October 2023

В статье представлен анализ механизма компенсаций подозреваемым, обвиняемым и осужденным за ненадлежащие условия содержания. Раскрыты особенности подачи административного искового заявления на ненадлежащие условия содержания под стражей или в исправительном учреждении. Проанализированы ошибки судов при принятии данной категории дел к рассмотрению и определению его сроков. На основе анализа судебной практики выявлены проблемы правоприменения при рассмотрении дел в рамках ст. 227.1 КАС РФ. Сформулированы предложения по критериям расчета суммы компенсации за ненадлежащие условия содержания.

The article analyzes the mechanism of compensation to the suspected, accused and convicted for improper conditions of detention. Features of filing an administrative claim for improper conditions in places of detention or correctional facilities are disclosed. Errors of the courts in accepting this category of cases for consideration and determining its terms are analyzed. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, the problems of law enforcement when considering cases under Article 227.1 of the Administrative Procedure Code of the Russian Federation are revealed. Proposals on the criteria for calculating the amount of compensation for improper conditions of detention are formulated.
Relevant problems of digitalization of executive authorities’ activities
Authors: Нагорных Р.В. , Попова Д.В.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются актуальные проблемы цифровизации деятельности органов исполнительной власти. Отмечается несовершенство законодательства в данной области. Взгляды ученых открывают новое видение на различные стороны актуального вопроса. Приведены наиболее подходящие предложения по совершенствованию определений, намечены пути решения дискуссионного вопроса.

The article considers relevant problems of digitalization of the activities of executive authorities. The imperfection of legislation in this area is noted. The views of scientists open up a new vision on various aspects of the current issue. The most suitable proposals for improving definitions are given and the ways of solving the debatable issue are outlined.
On the issue of legal and organizational-tactical features of obtaining and verifying a confession entering correctional institutions of Territorial Bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia
Authors: Морозов Р.М.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются правовые и организационно-тактические аспекты получения и проверки явки с повинной от осужденных в исправительных учреждениях территориальных органов ФСИН России. Дано описание уголовно-процессуальных полномочий сотрудников территориальных органов ФСИН России на стадии проверки сообщения о преступлении, перечислены причины ошибок, которые допускают сотрудники при реализации отдельных уголовно-процессуальных полномочий. Также в работе указаны правовые последствия для осужденного, подавшего явку с повинной: назначение наказания, условия подачи явки с повинной (когда она засчитывается), кроме того, обозначено требование добровольности ее подачи. Автор определяет и раскрывает отдельные этапы принятия и рассмотрения явки с повинной, дает тактико-криминалистические и уголовно-процессуальные рекомендации по принятию и рассмотрению обращений в рамках имеющихся полномочий должностных лиц ФСИН России.

The article discusses legal and organizational and tactical aspects of obtaining and verifying a surrender from convicts in correctional institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service. It describes criminal procedural powers of employees of the territorial bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service at the stage of checking the crime report and reasons for the mistakes that employees make when executing certain criminal procedural powers. The paper also indicates legal consequences for a convicted person who has submitted a surrender: purpose of punishment, conditions for submitting a surrender (when it is taken into account), its voluntary submission. The author defines and reveals individual stages of acceptance and consideration of a surrender, gives tactical forensic and criminal procedural recommendations for the acceptance and consideration of appeals within the existing powers of officials of the Federal Penitentiary Service.
On the organization of regime in medical treatment and preventive care facilities
Authors: Санташова Л.Л. , Александров А.С.
Published: October 2023

В статье исследуются особенности организации режима в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Обозначены специфика применения основных средств обеспечения режима, проблемы применения мер взыскания к нарушителям режима отбывания наказания, внесены предложения в действующее уголовно-исполнительное законодательство. Анализируются статистические данные в этой сфере, приводятся примеры из правоприменительной практики деятельности лечебно-профилактических учреждений.

The article considers organization of regime in medical treatment and preventive care facilities. It outlines the specifics of applying key means of ensuring the regime and problems of applying penalties to regime violators, as well as proposes amendment to the current penal legislation. Statistical data in this area are analyzed and examples from the law enforcement practice of the activities of medical treatment and preventive care facilities are given.
Armored units of the NKVD of the USSR in the fight against nationalist gangs on the territory of Western Belarus an Lithuania
Authors: Епифанов А.Е.
Published: October 2023

В статье с позиций истории отечественного государства и права, органов внутренних дел в частности, анализируются организационные и правовые основы использования бронетанковых подразделений 1-й мотострелковой дивизии внутренних войск НКВД СССР имени Ф. Дзержинского в чекистско-войсковых операциях против националистических банд-формирований на территории Западной Белоруссии и Литвы в 1944–1946 гг. Автор, опираясь на впервые вводимые в научный оборот архивные материалы, раскрывает преимущества и недостатки, основные формы и методы, результаты и характер применения бронетехники по противодействию националистам. Приведены характерные эпизоды боевых действий с участием бронемашин, примеры героических действий их экипажей. Кроме того, в статье содержится общая характеристика националистических формирований Западной Белоруссии и Литвы, регламентации и практики взаимодействия пехотных и бронетанковых подразделений внутренних войск НКВД СССР.

The article analyzes organizational and legal foundations of the use of armored units of the 1st Motorized Rifle Division of the internal troops of the NKVD of the USSR named after F. Dzerzhinskii. In terms of the history of the national state and law, the internal affairs bodies in particular. F. Dzerzhinskii participated in Chekist-military operations against nationalist gangs on the territory of Western Belarus and Lithuania in 1944–1946. The author, relying on archival materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, reveals advantages and disadvantages, key forms and methods, results and nature of the use of armored vehicles to counter nationalists. Characteristic episodes of combat operations involving armored vehicles, examples of heroic actions of their crews are given. In addition, the article presents a general description of nationalist formations of Western Belarus and Lithuania, the regulation and practice of interaction between infantry and armored units of the internal troops of the NKVD of the USSR.
Dostoevskii’s state-legal ideas and their modern significance
Authors: Оботурова Н.С.
Published: October 2023

В статье осуществлен анализ концептуальных положений государственно-правовых идей Ф. М. Достоевского в контексте современных проблем развития государства и права. Автором показаны сложность и глубина взглядов Достоевского, антиномичность понимания им сущности государства и права, взаимосвязи государственной власти и народа, права и морали, специфики русского самодержавия, выявлены тенденции дальнейшего смыслового развития его основополагающих идей. Обосновывается методологическое значение идеи Достоевского об ограниченности государственной юридической рациональности в силу «несоизмеримости ее с человеческой душой», актуализированное в контексте наблюдаемой сегодня тенденции тотальной юридизации жизни человека и общества. Сформулированная Достоевским идея суда не только как кары, но и спасения и возрождения погибшего человека трактуется автором статьи как важнейшее мировоззренческое основание гуманизации современного правопонимания.

The article analyzes conceptual provisions of F.M. Dostoevskii’s state- legal ideas in the context of modern problems of the development of the state and law. The author shows the complexity and depth of Dostoevskii’s views, antinomian understanding of the essence of the state and law, relationship between state power and the people, law and morality, specifics of the Russian autocracy, trends of further semantic development of his fundamental ideas are revealed. The methodological significance of Dostoevskii’s idea of the limitation of state legal rationality due to its “incommensurability with the human soul” is substantiated, actualized in the context of the trend observed today of total legitimization of human life and society. The idea of the court formulated by Dostoevskii not only as punishment, but also salvation and rebirth of a deceased person is interpreted by the author of the article as the most important ideological basis for humanization of modern legal understanding.
Problematic aspects of qualifying preparation for crime
Authors: Агасиев Э.Г.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы квалификации приготовления к преступлению. На конкретных примерах автор демонстрирует имеющиеся в правоприменительной практике сложности с разграничением средств и орудий, используемых для совершения приготовительных действий, а также приготовления к преступлению и покушения на преступление, в частности в сфере незаконного сбыта наркотических средств и психотропных веществ.

The article discusses issues of qualifying preparation for crime. Using concrete examples, the author demonstrates difficulties existing in law enforcement practice, differentiates means and tools used to commit preparatory actions, as well as preparation for crime and attempts at a crime, in particular in the field of illegal sale of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
Application of preventive measures by employees of criminal enforcement inspections
Authors: Гаврилов Д.И.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы определения статуса уголовно-исполнительных инспекций при исполнении мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, запрета определенных действий и залога. Проанализированы уголовно-процессуальные понятия, избрание и применение мер пресечения, выявлены закономерности. Закрепленное в законе определение мер пресечения раскрывает их применение, предусмотренное УПК РФ. Анализ контроля за запретами, предусмотренными ч. 6 ст. 105.1 УПК РФ, позволяет сделать вывод, что предложенное понятие отражает только действия участников уголовного процесса. Уголовно-исполнительные инспекции являются не участниками уголовного процесса, а вовлеченным иным органом в уголовно-процессуальную деятельность по средствам направления решения суда об избрании мер пресечения.

The article discusses issues of determining the status of criminal enforcement inspections in the execution of preventive measures in the form of house arrest, prohibition of certain actions and bail. Criminal procedural concepts, selection and application of preventive measures are analyzed and patterns are revealed. The definition of preventive measures enshrined in the law reveals their application, provided for by the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the control over the prohibitions provided for in Part 6 of Article 105.1 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation shows that the proposed concept reflects only actions of participants in the criminal process. Criminal enforcement inspections are not participants in the criminal process, but a body involved in criminal procedural activities according to a court decision on the selection of preventive measures.
On some issues of resocialization of positively characterized convicts
Authors: Горбань Д.В.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена изучению вопросов ресоциализации положительно характеризующихся осужденных в современных условиях функционирования уголовно-исполнительной системы. Рассматриваются эффективные формы и методы такой ресоциализации с учетом современной уголовно-исполнительной политики Российской Федерации. Анализ научной литературы позволил подтвердить актуальность рассмотрения вопросов ресоциализации осужденных в сравнении с исследованием института их исправления. Проанализировано федеральное и ведомственное законодательство, регламентирующее процесс ресоциализации осужденных, выявлен ряд проблемных и пробельных вопросов в указанной сфере общественных отношений. Изучен положительный опыт территориальных органов ФСИН России в вопросах ресоциализации осужденных, предложены меры по его реализации и применению в других субъектах Российской Федерации. Рассмотрены перспективы введения службы пробации. Предлагается закрепить ресоциализацию осужденных в качестве цели уголовно-исполнительного законодательства.

The article describes issues of resocialization of positively characterized convicts in modern conditions of the penal system functioning. Effective forms and methods of such resocialization are considered, taking into account the modern penal policy of the Russian Federation. The analysis of scientific literature shows the relevance of considering issues of resocialization of convicts in comparison with the research of the Institute of their correction. The federal and departmental legislation regulating the process of resocialization of convicts has been analyzed, a number of problematic and gap issues in this area of public relations have been identified. The positive experience of territorial bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the issues of resocialization of convicts are studied and measures for its implementation and application in other subjects of the Russian Federation are proposed. Prospects of introduction of probation service are considered. It is proposed to consolidate resocialization of convicts as a goal of the penal legislation.
Factors of antisocial lifestyle and juvenile delinquency
Authors: Санташов А.Л. , Герасимова Е.В. , Петрова И.А.
Published: October 2023

В настоящее время отмечается ухудшение качественных показателей преступности несовершеннолетних. Среди несовершеннолетних, ведущих антиобщественный образ жизни и совершающих преступления, широкое распространение имеют различного рода социальные патологии, в том числе пьянство и наркомания. В статье дается характеристика этих патологий и раскрывается их негативное влияние на мировоззрение и поведенческую активность лиц несовершеннолетнего возраста. Авторы при- ходят к выводу, что распространение среди несовершеннолетних социальных патологий является серьезной криминологической проблемой и требует разработки эффективных мер профилактики. В первую очередь это должно осуществляться за счет ведения грамотной социальной политики, направленной на повышение уровня жизни населения страны, создание позитивных условий для жизни, проведение досуга несовершеннолетними, реализацию воспитательных мероприятий среди родителей и лиц, их замещающих.

Currently, there is a deterioration in qualitative indicators of juvenile delinquency. Various kinds of social pathologies, including drunkenness and drug addiction, are widespread among minors who lead an antisocial lifestyle and commit crimes. The article describes these pathologies and reveals their negative impact on the worldview and behavioral activity of minors. The authors conclude that the spread of social pathologies among minors is a serious criminological problem and requires development of effective preventive measures. First of all, this should be done by conducting a competent social policy aimed at improving living standards, creating positive living conditions, spending leisure time with minors, and implementing educational activities among parents and persons replacing them.
Status of a young specialist and its criteria
Authors: Потапова Н.Д. , Попов Д.А. , Шалегин С.П.
Published: October 2023

В статье проанализированы особенности занятости выпуск- ников, в частности рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся трудоустройства выпускников: квотирование рабочих мест, целевые договоры, субсидии и денежные поощрения за успехи в профессиональной деятельности. Также уделено внимание таким проблемным моментам, как определение термина «молодой специалист», критерии молодого специалиста, методы борьбы с оттоком молодых специалистов из регионов. Авторами даны рекомендации для дальнейшего совершенствования законодательства, включающие в себя: учет прогрессивного опыта отраслевых/межотраслевых соглашений при совершенствовании ТК РФ; увеличение количества и качества конкурсов лучших молодых специалистов (особенно среди непопулярных профессий и в регионах с большим оттоком специалистов); ввод квотирования на федеральном уровне (в качестве обязательного минимума для всей страны) и уровне субъектов (для борьбы с оттоком населения); предоставление субсидий работодателям, трудоустраивающим у себя незащищенные категории молодых специалистов.

The article analyzes features of graduate employment, in particular, job quotas, targeted contracts, subsidies and monetary incentives for success in professional activities. Attention is also paid to problematic issues: definition of the term “young specialist”, criteria of a young specialist, methods of combating the outflow of young specialists from regions. The authors give recommendations for further improvement of legislation, including: taking into account progressive experience of sectoral/intersectoral agreements in improving the Labor Code of the Russian Federation; increasing a number and quality of competitions for the best young professionals (especially among unpopular professions and in regions with a large outflow of specialists); introducing quotas at the federal level (as a mandatory minimum for the whole country) and at the regional level (to combat the outflow of population); providing subsidies to employers who employ unprotected categories of young professionals.
Legal status of nuclear powers: theory and practice
Authors: Кириловская Н.Н. , Шишкин Д.А.
Published: October 2023

В статье проводится анализ правового статуса ядерных держав с точки зрения международно-правовой регламентации и современного состояния. Ядерные державы занимают центральное место в системе обеспечения международной безопасности. Официальным статусом государства, имеющего ядерное оружие, обладают пять государств, пять постоянных членов Совета Безопасности Организации Объединенных Наций: Российская Федерация, Соединенные Штаты Америки, Франция, Китайская Народная Республика, Великобритания. Создание ядерного оружия на тот период преследовало цель обезопасить человечество от новой мировой войны, но прошло время, и вновь угроза мировой войны стала реальностью, а ядерное оружие превратилось в средство манипулирования при решении межгосударственных конфликтов. Стремление неядерных государств присоединиться к "ядерному клубу" стало не просто желанием, а руководством к действию. На сегодняшний день ряд государств провели ядерные испытания и получили ядерное оружие, однако их статус на международном уровне не легитимен, а факт остается фактом. Есть группа неядерных государств, которые размещают на своей территории ядерное оружие ядерных держав, их правовой статус также не определен. Все это требует не просто внимания, а юридического оформления со стороны международного права правового статуса государств, имеющих на своей территории ядерный арсенал. Деятельность каждой группы стран в зависимости от ее положения применительно к ядерному оружию должна быть регламентирована на международном уровне.

The article analyzes the legal status of nuclear powers in terms of international legal regulation and the current state. Nuclear powers occupy a central place in the system of ensuring international security. Five states, five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council have the official status of a nuclear- weapon state: the Russian Federation, the United States of America, France, the People’s Republic of China, and the United Kingdom. The creation of nuclear weapons at that time was aimed at protecting humanity from a new world war, but time passed, and again the threat of world war became a reality, and nuclear weapons turned into a means of manipulation in solving interstate conflicts. The desire of non-nuclear states to join the nuclear club became not just a desire, but a guide to action. To date, a number of states conducted nuclear tests and received nuclear weapons. Though their status at the international level is not legitimate, the fact remains. A group of non-nuclear states keeps nuclear weapons of nuclear states on their territory, but their legal status is also not defined. All this requires not just attention, but legal registration of the legal status of states with a nuclear arsenal on their territory on the part of international law. The activities of each group of countries, depending on its position in relation to nuclear weapons, should be regulated at the international level.
AUTOBUSKI SAOBRAĆAJ U VARDARSKOJ BANOVINI
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Koneski Nikola
Published: October 2023

In the early 1930s, the Vardar banovina had the least developed bus traffic in the country, but during the following years it was the banovina that made the most progress in this type of traffic. This paper shows exactly the process of organizing bus traffic in this district. Special attention was given to the most important factors that influenced that process. The government of banovina tried to establish bus traffic, but also to ensure the continuation of work for the owners of auto-taxis. Bus lines could only be maintained in areas where there were no railways. Bad roads, especially in winter, hampered progress. There were not enough bus connections of Vardar Banovina with neighboring territories. In the sources, we found only three lines that were maintained: Kuršumlija–Priština, Uroševac–Peć and Bitolj–Korča, while the others were discontinued or not established, primarily due to the existence of railways on the same routes. In our work, special attention was given to bus companies, primarily the Popović brothers, the relationship between bus and other types of traffic, the effects of bus traffic on the transmission of mail, tourism, population and safety. The basis of the work is archival material from several archives. We also used published sources, press and literature.
SUBVERZIVNI POTENCIJAL FILMA CIGANKA (1953) U REŽIJI VOJISLAVA NANOVIĆA
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Dragišić Olivera
Published: October 2023

The paper analyzes the movie Gypsy Woman (1953), directed by Vojislav Nanović. Its subversive potential has only been noticed in contemporary film criticism, and consists in the director’s focus on the strength of individual who challenges the collective in an unexpected way. In the movie Gypsy Woman, the “strong individual” is represented by a woman, whose power to threaten the order is based on her talent, fatal femininity and the need for freedom. The thesis we present here is that Vojislav Nanović faded into oblivion for a long time precisely because of the characters he consistently created in his movies, one of which was the character of a Gypsy woman. The movie Gypsy Woman, as well as Nanović’s other films, during the socialist regime was possible for two reasons. First, the director occupied the highest position in the film industry already in the first post-war decade, which was possible due to his impeccable communist biography. Nevertheless, he began to distance himself from the party line with his works that did not fit into the proclaimed cultural models, and thus Nanović gradually began to represent a social, artistic and political anomaly of his time. The subversive potential of the movie can be interpreted in various ways, and one of them is its comparison with the concept of purity and danger developed by British anthropologist Mary Douglas. A Gypsy Woman corresponds to the concept of dangerous and dirty that has the power to threaten the system. Consequently, the Gipsy woman had to be sacrificed through the ritual of marriage for the purpose of preserving the social order and its purity.
TINDAKAN KEPOLISIAN RESOR LABUHANBATU DALAM PENANGANAN PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Siburian Maurice Roger
Published: October 2023

This research aims at finding out the causes of traffic violations in the jurisdiction of ​​Labuhanbatu Resort Police, the criminal liability of traffic violators that resulted in deaths in traffic accidents, overcoming traffic violations in the jurisdiction of Labuhanbatu Resort Police.This research is descriptive analytical, using normative juridical and sociological juridical research, which refers to the existence of analytical research to obtain concrete truths that occur in society.The results of the study show that the factors causing traffic accidents are usually classified as identical to the elements of the transportation system, namely road users, drivers and pedestrians, vehicles, roads and the environment, or a combination of two or more elements. The criminal liability of traffic violators which results in deaths in traffic accidents, in addition to imprisonment, confinement, or fines, traffic criminals can be subjected to additional criminal sanctions in the form of revocation of a driver's license or compensation caused by traffic crime.