bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Between Adversity Quotient and Critical Thinking Ability of Chemistry Education Students
Authors: Khusna Fauziatul , Sari Wiwik Kartika , Nada Ella Izzatin
Published: October 2023

In the globalization era, the ability to think critically is a crucial skill for students to navigate through tough competition. One internal factor influencing a person's critical thinking ability is Adversity Quotient (AQ). It provides an overview of how well students can respond and tackle obstacles while honing their essential thinking skills. This study explored the correlation between AQ and students' critical thinking abilities, specifically when working on chemistry problems related to salt hydrolysis. The research involved 30 students majoring in Chemistry Education, selected using a proportional stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was administered to measure AQ, while students' critical thinking skills were assessed through a description test. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test, which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.299, indicating that the correlation between AQ and students' critical thinking skills was not significant (p0.05). Further analysis is required to delve deeper into the correlation between AQ and critical thinking and identify other factors influencing necessary thinking skills.
ROTATOR CUFF DISORDERS: A SURVEY OF CURRENT PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE IN TURKIYE
Authors: Ayberk Bahar , Özgül Bahar , Bury Julie , Polat Mine Gülden
Published: October 2023

Purpose: One of the most important factors guiding the physiotherapy program for rotator cuff disorders (RCD) is the clinical preferences of the physiotherapist in light of the evidence. However, the management parameters are remarkably variable between physiotherapists. It was aimed to describe the current physiotherapy practice of Turkish physiotherapists for the management of RCD and to explore its parallelism with the research evidence, and with the clinical perspective in European countries.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey based on a clinical scenario that describes a typical patient with symptoms of RCD was conducted during July/August 2020. Descriptive responses of 104 physiotherapists were reported and analyzed by grouping physiotherapists with special interest (SI) who have further clinical experience or specialized training on RCD and no special interest (NSI).
Results: The most preferred approaches were mobilization (82), scapular stabilization exercises (82), advice/education (71), and taping (62). The preference rate of cold therapy (χ2=4.303, p=0.038) and isometric exercises (χ2=4.248, p=0.039) were significantly higher for physiotherapists with SI rather than NSI group.
Conclusions: The most preferred management strategies of mobilization, exercise, and advice/education have been aligned with the preferences of physiotherapists from European countries and the current research evidence. However, passive modalities were also highly preferred. The management strategies differ between the physiotherapists who have SI and NSI. The high degree of practice variability and passive treatment preference of physiotherapists for the patients with RCD might be due to a lack of following the current literature evidence regularly.
Gestão escolar no âmbito do sistema de ensino de Rio Branco-AC
Authors: Verçosa Pelegrino Santos , Pires Pierre André Garcia , Dantas Andréa Maria Lopes
Published: October 2023

O estudo procura analisar a implementação da gestão democrática no Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Rio Branco/Acre, tendo por foco a seleção de dirigentes escolares, e, para tal, se desenvolveu um estudo bibliográfico e análise documental. A primeira parte trata de elementos da legislação nacional e de estudos de referência sobre o tema. Na segunda, cotejamos a legislação municipal para o processo de seleção de dirigentes escolares e a constituição de sua equipe gestora, a partir de um levantamento documental a respeito do processo de seleção, elaborando, na sequência, um banco de dados, que, articulado à literatura da área, possibilitou a produção das análises. Na conclusão, se destaca o cumprimento de um dos aspectos da gestão democrática, que trata da seleção de dirigentes escolares e da equipe gestora, como forma de demonstrar o envolvimento significativo dos professores no processo de seleção, evidenciando a luta pelo poder e pelas condições proporcionadas pelo exercício do cargo de diretor das unidades municipais de ensino de Rio Branco.
Caracterização química e disponibilidades de cátions no perfil de um latossolo sob cultivo de abacateiro
Authors: Cavalcante Alian Cássio Pereira , Cavalcante Adailza Guilherme , Guimarães Arnon Lourenço Nunes , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães dos , Aquino Leonardo Angelo de
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o pH e a disponibilidade de Ca2+, Mg2+ e K no perfil de um latossolo em diferentes distâncias relacionadas ao caule do abacateiro Hass em duas fases do ciclo produtivo. Foram retiradas amostras simples nas camadas de 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 e 80-100 cm em três distâncias em relação ao caule do abacateiro, 50, 150 e 250 cm, respectivamente. Foram quantificados pH, Ca2+, Mg2+ e K. A produtividade foi calculada pela colheita e classificação de frutos de cada planta; a média foi extrapolada para a área de um hectare. Constatou-se que a variação do pH está mais relacionada às camadas do solo e que os valores de pH em todas as profundidades e distâncias são considerados satisfatórios para o abacateiro. As disponibilidades de Ca2+ e Mg2+ foram mais elevadas nas camadas superficiais. A disponibilidade de K foi mais elevada na camada superficial, e a 150 cm do tronco observaram-se os menores valores. A produção não foi alterada pela ausência de adubação. Serão necessários mais estudos por períodos maiores para causar maior variação na disponibilidade dos nutrientes e que possam indicar de forma mais assertiva o volume de solo explorado pelas raízes.
Uso de diferentes tipos de lâmpadas em armadilhas luminosas para a captura de insetos em ambiente urbano
Authors: Rebeca Pastora Borges  , Tatiane do Nascimento Lima
Published: October 2023

A coleta de insetos com armadilha luminosa tem sido utilizada em diversos estudos sobre a entomofauna. No presente trabalho, foi avaliada a eficácia de armadilhas luminosas de baixo custo em ambientes urbanos com influência da luz artificial. Foram instaladas armadilhas luminosas construídas com parte de material reciclável (adaptadas ao modelo Luiz de Queiroz) em uma área urbana com três diferentes tipos de luz: lâmpada fluorescente luz branca 15W, 127V; lâmpada incandescente luz amarela 15W, 127V; lâmpada UV 15W, 220V luz ultravioleta (negra). Como resultado, coletaram-se 1.382 insetos, distribuídos em sete ordens distintas: Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Orthoptera e Odonata. A maior quantidade de insetos coletados foi verificada na luz UV, seguida da luz amarela. A armadilha com menor eficiência foi representada pela luz branca. Dessa maneira, observou-se que, mesmo em áreas urbanas, com a interferência de luz artificial, o uso de armadilhas luminosas é uma ferramenta eficaz na captura de insetos.
MATERIOTECA DO INSTITUTO DE ARTES E DESIGN: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA ESTRUTURAÇÃO DO ACERVO E PLANEJAMENTO PARA O USO ACADÊMICO E MULTIDISCIPLINAR
Authors: André Mol  , Silvia Resende Xavier  , Danielle Carvalho Stutz
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho aborda aspectos que definem a criação de materiotecas e apresenta o processo de implementação de uma materioteca acadêmica do Instituto de Artes e Design na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. A metodologia contempla uma etapa de revisão de literatura acerca da estruturação e do funcionamento de materiotecas e da relevância desses acervos no ensino e na prática de design; uma etapa de relato de caso, com apresentação do processo de criação da materioteca acadêmica; e etapas de análise e síntese dos resultados. A discussão dos resultados evidencia a efetividade das diretrizes definidas para a catalogação, a qual organiza e diferencia as amostras, além de possibilitar a ampliação e a diversificação do acervo. Finalmente, entende-se que o acesso à materioteca pode contribuir para a formação acadêmica de forma flexível, experimental e intuitiva, considerando o uso didático e a possibilidade de contato sensorial com os materiais.
PROCESSO CRIATIVO E PRODUÇÃO DE PROTÓTIPO DO BANCO CATRACA COM BASE EM DIRETRIZES DO DESIGN PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Ana Laura Alves  , Victor Augusto Vieira  , Tomás Queiroz Ferreira Barata
Published: October 2023

Na contemporaneidade, é prioritário que designers se fundamentem em ações sustentáveis e estratégias projetuais visando reduzir o impacto ambiental da cadeia produtiva de produtos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar o processo projetivo e produtivo de um banco experimental com emprego de MDF, montado e estabilizado por meio de encaixes. Com base em uma revisão de literatura, delimitaram-se as diretrizes projetuais. Posteriormente, incorporou-se ao processo projetivo um moodboard, seguido de uma etapa de geração de alternativas virtuais com auxílio de mockups em papel e o planejamento da planificação do mobiliário na chapa de MDF. A produção do protótipo foi fundamental para analisar a concepção formal e estética do produto, bem como para ajustar e validar o sistema de montagem baseado em encaixes. Com os resultados obtidos, observou-se que o protótipo atendeu às diretrizes sustentáveis definidas no projeto e possui potencial para produção em plataformas de fabricação 4.0.
DESIGN DE DISPOSITIVOS PARA ANÁLISE DE MATERIAIS EM BIOENSAIOS COM MOSQUITOS AEDES AEGYPT
Authors: Jaqueline Dilly  , Onilda Santos da Silva Harry Pilz-Junior  , Luis Henrique Alves Cândido
Published: October 2023

Uma pesquisa transdisciplinar requer um olhar amplo para contemplar as melhores possibilidades para desenvolvimento de um produto. Pensando na seleção de materiais, relacionando estrutura – propriedade – processos de fabricação, aplicação e sustentabilidade, este estudo desenvolveu dispositivos para verificar a volatilização e a liberação do óleo essencial de citronela microencapsulado em cera de carnaúba. Os dispositivos para as análises das microcápsulas foram desenvolvidos para uso em bioensaios de oviposição, utilizando mosquitos como sensores para detecção da volatilização do óleo essencial, com o objetivo de facilitar a análise qualitativa de materiais no controle do mosquito Aedes aegypti. As análises realizadas com o auxílio dos dispositivos apresentaram resultados satisfatórios. Foi possível indicar a volatilização do óleo essencial das microcápsulas tendo os mosquitos como sensores. Por meio dos dispositivos criados, também se verificou um efeito dissuasor de oviposição por um período de 48 horas.
A ESCULTURA DIGITAL COMO MÉTODO DE CONCEPÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Eduardo da Fonseca Rodrigues  , Dalton Luiz Razera
Published: October 2023

A concepção de ideias no contexto projetual pode ser realizada nos meios tradicionais (lápis e papel) e digital (mesa digitalizadora). Este artigo, por meio de revisão sistemática de literatura, pretende investigar a utilização da escultura digital como método viável de exploração de ideias diante de técnicas clássicas. Para a busca de referências, recorreu-se a palavras-chave e operações booleanas: digital sculping AND rapid prototype OR 3D printing AND character design AND Zbrush (também se fizeram buscas com as mesmas palavras em português). Obtiveram-se 3.022 referências. Após as triagens, totalizaram-se 86 trabalhos para leitura completa. As principais ênfases abordadas na literatura referentes à escultura digital foram nas áreas de tecnologia e medicina, com lacunas mais importantes em artes e design. Os três artigos de arte e design argumentam que as ferramentas digitais são métodos que podem agilizar processos de exploração conceitual, apesar de métodos tradicionais serem os mais empregados. Ao adotar meios digitais é possível acessar fases anteriores e posteriores de forma mais fácil e ágil.
Edentulismo, uso de prótese e autopercepção de saúde bucal entre adultos e idosos de um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba
Authors: Julia Schlichting Azevedo  , Emilly Godinho Corrêa  , Victória Hofstaetter  , Eduardo Pizzatto  , Marilene da Cruz Magalhães Buffon  , José Carlos Stocco
Published: October 2023

Apesar das evidências de melhorias nas condições de saúde bucal no Brasil, o edentulismo ainda é considerado um problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Avaliar as condições de saúde bucal da população adulta e idosa em um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba (PR), estimando o edentulismo, por meio da avaliação do uso e necessidade de próteses nas faixas etárias de 15 a 19, 35 a 44 e 65 a 74 anos, além de analisar o uso e a necessidade de prótese relacionando a situação socioeconômica e escolaridade. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, que avaliou 243 participantes por intermédio de exame clínico e questionário. O programa Epi Info (versão 7.2), de domínio público, foi usado para cálculo de frequências e porcentagens. Para verificação da relação entre as variáveis categóricas, realizou-se o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: Mostra[1]se prevalência do uso de prótese total superior (25,5%). Tal uso sofreu um aumento significativo nos idosos (55,5%). Além disso, os participantes apresentaram distorções na autopercepção em saúde bucal. Conclusão: Com base nos dados encontrados, evidenciou-se que o edentulismo possui fatores associados a desigualdades sociais e que a saúde bucal da população avaliada é precária, com número elevado de dentes perdidos e necessidades protéticas. São necessárias estratégias para melhoria das condições de vida e promoção de saúde bucal, pelo potencial de reduzir a prevalência de perda dentária.
Influência do tipo de preparo e material restaurador no desempenho clínico de facetas dentárias: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Ramon Santana de Lira  , João Vitor do Nascimento Santos  , Hermano Nóbrega Macedo Neto  , João Gabriel Regis da Silva  , Débora e Silva Campos  , Isis de Araujo Ferreira Muniz  , Jussara da Silva Barbosa  , Amanda Lira Rufino de Lucena  , Renally Bezerra Wanderley e Lima
Published: October 2023

Avaliar a evidência científica disponível sobre a influência do tipo de preparo e material restaurador no desempenho clínico de facetas dentárias. Material e métodos: As bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e Embase foram utilizadas para a realização da busca dos estudos até o mês de agosto de 2021. Os dados foram analisados por meio de uma síntese qualitativa detalhando os principais resultados dos estudos incluídos. Após as etapas de seleção e leitura dos artigos, incluíram-se sete nesta revisão integrativa. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que o preparo de chanfro e o preparo de não sobreposição incisal apresentaram menores taxas de falhas e maior taxa de sobrevivência. Quanto ao material restaurador, a cerâmica (dissilicato de lítio – Ivoclar) evidenciou maior taxa de sobrevivência, menor quantidade de fraturas e melhor adaptação marginal do que as facetas de resina composta, com taxa de sobrevivência acima de 90% entre 5 e 10 anos. Conclusão: A reabilitação com facetas dentárias fornece um bom resultado estético e sobrevivência clínica elevada. No entanto vale ressaltar que os resultados variam de acordo com o tipo de preparo e material restaurador escolhidos para cada tratamento. As facetas realizadas com cerâmica têm um melhor desempenho clínico em comparação à resina composta.
Associação entre doença periodontal e acidente vascular cerebral: revisão de literatura
Authors: Amanda Cigognini dos Santos  , Felipe Gomes Dallepiane  , João Paulo De Carli  , Micheline Sandini Trentin
Published: October 2023

: A doença periodontal é uma doença inflamatória que afeta os tecidos de suporte dos dentes, podendo levar à perda da dentição, sendo um agravante de risco para determinadas doenças sistêmicas, como, por exemplo, doenças respiratórias, doenças cardiovasculares, diabete e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura detalhada sobre os achados científicos atuais sobre a associação entre AVC e doença periodontal. Revisão de literatura: Foi feita uma busca na literatura, pertinente ao assunto pesquisado, nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico, nos idiomas inglês e português, usando os termos de pesquisa: “periodontitis” AND “periodontal diseases” OR/AND “stroke” OR/AND “atherosclerosis”, tendo em vista os resultados dos estudos relacionando a doença periodontal e o AVC. Os artigos foram selecionados por meio de critérios e inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: As pesquisas clínicas caso-controle e randomizadas publicadas nos últimos anos têm sugerido uma forte relação entre doença periodontal e AVC, em virtude da presença de periodontopatógenos encontrados em placas de ateromas que indicam uma relação direta em ambas as doenças. Conclusão: A revisão de literatura deste artigo demonstra que há relação entre doença periodontal e AVC, sendo a doença periodontal um potencial fator de risco para o AVC. Portando, são sugeridas apenas hipóteses para o relacionamento entre elas, mas o mecanismo exato que liga a periodontite ao AVC ainda é desconhecido.
Propriedades mecânicas das resinas bulk-fill: revisão de literatura
Authors: Gabriela de Oliveira Silva  , Nathalia França de Freitas  , Ruchele Dias Nogueira  , Cesar Penazzo Lepri  , Vinícius Rangel Geraldo-Martins
Published: October 2023

Na odontologia restauradora, a resina composta ganhou espaço e é o material restaurador direto de primeira escolha. Apesar disso, ainda apresenta pontos que tornam a sua utilização mais complexa. As resinas compostas bulk-fill foram desenvolvidas para agilizar e facilitar o processo, já que permitem o preenchimento da cavidade com incrementos maiores, o que reduz o tempo clínico, melhora a eficiência operacional e reduz a tensão de contração de polimerização. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as propriedades mecânicas das resinas compostas bulk-fill. Revisão da literatura: A busca bibliográfica foi feita nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO (artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2022) com as seguintes palavras-chave: “resin composite” (resina composta), “bulk[1]fill, strength” (resistência), “wear” (desgaste), “toughness” (dureza) e “roughness” (rugosidade). Selecionaram-se os artigos que mais apresentaram relevância com o tema abordado. Discussão: Os resultados mostraram que incrementos de até 4,0 mm são efetivamente polimerizados, contribuindo assim para a diminuição das tensões de polimerização. Como vantagens, há facilidade de manipulação e menor tempo clínico para a execução das restaurações. Conclusão: Cada material possui propriedades diferentes, de acordo com os componentes utilizados pelo fabricante. Porém mais pesquisas são necessárias para analisar seus resultados a longo prazo, para que o clínico possa mudar com segurança de uma técnica de inserção incremental tradicional para o método de preenchimento único.
Associação da microabrasão do esmalte, fechamento de diastema com resina composta e remodelação dental: abordagem conservadora para tratamento estético do sorriso
Authors: Ubiracy Gaião  , Daniella Birnbaum Pessoa de Mello  , Alyssa Arendt Gerowski  , Rosana Pechibilski  , Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha
Published: October 2023

A microabrasão do esmalte também pode ser indicada para áreas brancas ou descolorações opacas do processo de desmineralização/remineralização, comum na região do esmalte adjacente a bandas ou braquetes ortodônticos, removendo, assim, essas manchas presentes no esmalte dos dentes anteriores. Diastema em dentes anteriores também é motivo de queixas em pacientes odontológicos quando se trata da estética do sorriso, especialmente quando ocorre a degradação do material restaurador, sendo indicada a substituição da restauração. Objetivo: Demonstrar uma remodelação cosmética do sorriso associando microabrasão do esmalte, fechamento de diastema com resina composta e recontorno dental. Relato do caso: Foi feita a associação da microabrasão do esmalte, fechamento de diastema com resina composta e remodelação cosmética por desgaste como tratamento. Conclusão: A abordagem apresentada foi uma alternativa conservadora e estética para restabelecer a harmonia do sorriso.
Synthesis, Bioactivity Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of
Tranilast Analogs as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Phan Phuong-Thuy T. , Pham Tuan-Anh N. , Nguyen Ngoc Phuong , Nguyen Van-Anh Tran , Nguyen Tuyet Hong
Published: October 2023

Developing new agents with higher therapeutic potential and less toxicity to overcome the
limitations of chemotherapy in cancer treatment has been identified as an urgent need and priority. Recent
studies have shown promising anticancer activities of tranilast when used alone or in combination
with other chemotherapeutic agents. This research aims to synthesize tranilast analogs, evaluate in
vitro anticancer activity, and dock into the TGFβ1 target to find stronger anticancer agents. Tranilast
(5a) and analogs (5b–f) were synthesized from anthranilic acid derivatives, Meldrum’s acid, and benzaldehydes
based on the Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction. The compounds were evaluated for in vitro
cytotoxicity activity by MTT assay and docked into the TGFβ1 target using AutoDockTools–1.5.6.
Tranilast (5a) and seven analogs (5b–h) were successfully synthesized and analyzed for their structures.
Four analogs (5b–d, 5f) possessed stronger effects on both HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with
proliferation inhibitions at concentrations of 100 μg/mL in the range of 41 to 95% compared to
tranilast (16.95% and 22.64%). Compound 5f exhibited the most potent analog with IC50 = 27.57
μg/mL (HepG2) and 16.67 μg/mL (MCF-7) compared to tranilast (IC50 > 100 μg/mL) and had good
binding affinity on TGFβ1 target (docking score ˗7.35 Kcal/mol). Four of seven tranilast analogs possessed
stronger cytotoxicity activity on both HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines compared to that of the parent
compound, tranilast. Notably, compound 5f displayed the most potent activity and good binding
affinity on the TGFβ1 target, indicating the potential for further study as an anticancer agent.
Current Landscape of Various Techniques and Methods of Gene Therapy
through CRISPR Cas9 along with its Pharmacological and Interventional
Therapies in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wal Pranay , Aziz Namra , Prajapati Harshit , Soni Shashank , Wal Ankita
Published: October 2023

Background:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently referred to as a "lifestyle
illness". In 2000, India (31.7 million) had the greatest global prevalence of diabetes mellitus, followed by China (20.8 million), the United States (17.7 million), and other countries. In recent
years, the treatment of gene therapy (T2DM) has attracted intensive interest.

Objective:

We aimed to critically review the literature on the various techniques and methods,
which may be a possible novel approach through the gene therapy CRISPR Cas9 and some other
gene editing techniques for T2DM. Interventional and pharmacological approaches for the treatment of T2DM were also included to identify novel therapies for its treatment.

Method:

An extensive literature survey was done on databases like PubMed, Elsevier, Science Direct and Springer.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded from the study that recent advancements in gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR Cas9, have opened new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic
approaches for T2DM. CRISPR Cas9 is a powerful tool that enables precise and targeted modifications of the genome.
Swarm Algorithm-based Power Optimization in Cooperative
Communication Network
Authors: Pahuja Sonika , Jindal Poonam
Published: October 2023

Background:

Due to the environmental effects, the signal fades abruptly and is sometimes
lost in the transmission path, which results in weak signal reception at the destination node. The Cooperative
Communication Network (CCN) overcomes this problem and provides better spectral efficiency.
The source node and the helper node both send the information to the receiver. In spite of
many advantages, there are some limitations to such networks. Improving the system efficiency by
power, energy, or relay selection optimization is quite desirable as multiple helper nodes are used in
the network. Considering this crucial requirement of optimization, the proposed work presents optimal
power allocation of the system.

Methods:

Here, tunicate-swarm optimization is implemented to improve the system parameters, symbol
error rate (SER), outage probability, and bit error rate (BER). Two relaying protocols are used for
analysis, i.e., Amplify-and-Forward (AF) and Differential AF (Diff-AF), with two combining
schemes: Selection-Combining (SC) and Maximal-Ratio-Combining (MRC).

Results:

The results obtained are further compared with other metaheuristics algorithms, such as Particle-
Swarm-Algorithm (PSO), Black-Widow-Optimization (BWO), and the traditional method of
Equal-Power-Allocation (EPA).Equal-Power-Allocation (EPA).

Conclusion:

The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm improves the system parameters
compared to algorithms with less time.
Multilevel Thresholding-based Medical Image Segmentation using Hybrid
Particle Cuckoo Swarm Optimization
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Solanki Anil Kumar , Ahlawat Anil Kumar
Published: October 2023

Background:

The most important aspect of medical image processing and analysis is
image segmentation. Fundamentally, the outcomes of segmentation have an impact on all subsequent image testing methods, including object representation and characterization, measuring of
features, and even higher-level procedures. The problem with image segmentation is recognition
and perceptual completion while segmenting the image. However, these issues can be resolved
by multilevel optimization techniques. However, multilevel thresholding will become more
computationally intensive with increasing thresholds. Optimization algorithms can resolve these
issues. Therefore, hybrid optimization is used for image segmentation in this research work.

Methods:

The researchers propose a Multilevel Thresholding-based Segmentation using a Hybrid Optimization approach with an adaptive bilateral filter to resolve the optimization challenges in medical image segmentation. The proposed model utilizes Kapur's entropy as the objective
function in the nature-inspired optimization algorithm.

Results:

The result is evaluated using parameters such as the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio
(PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and Feature Similarity Index (FSIM). The researchers perform result analysis with variable thresholding levels on KAU-BCMD and mini-MIAS
datasets. The highest PSNR, SSIM, and FSIM achieved were 31.9672, 0.9501, and 0.9728 respectively. The results of the hybrid model are compared with state-of-the-art models, demonstrating its efficiency.

Conclusion:

The research concludes that the proposed Multilevel thresholding-based segmentation using a Hybrid Optimization approach effectively solves optimization challenges in medical
image segmentation. The results indicate its efficiency compared to existing models. The research work highlights the potential of the proposed hybrid model for improving image processing and analysis in the medical field.
Enhanced Machine Learning Techniques for Pest Control and Leaf Disease Identification
Authors: Kesavan Sujatha , Anbarasan Kalaivani , Chandrasekharan Tamilselvi , Sam Dahlia , Ganesamoorthi Nalinashini , Chandrasekar Kamatchi , Kumar Ramaraj Krishna , Ganga Bhavani Nallamilli Pushpa , Veerabathran Srividhya , Rengammal Sankari B. , Jhansi Gujjula
Published: October 2023

The agricultural sector has become an important income source for our
country. In terms of nutrient absorption, plant diseases affecting the agricultural yield
are creating a great hazard. In agriculture, recognizing infectious plants seems
challenging due to the premise of the needed infrastructure. To prevent the spread of
diseases, the identification of infectious leaves in the plant is observed to be a
necessary step. This work aims to propose a machine learning technique on the ANN
method for plant diseases identification and classification. This paper proposes a novel
hybrid algorithm, called Black Widow Optimization Algorithm with Mayfly
Optimization Algorithm (BWO-MA), for solving global optimization problems.
In this paper, a BWO-MA with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) based diagnostic
model for earlier diagnosis of plant diseases is developed. Comparison has been done
with existing machine learning methods with the proposed BWO-MA-based ANN
architecture to accommodate greater performance. The comprehensive analysis showed
that our proposal achieved splendid state-of-the-art performance.
Artificial Intelligence-based Solar Powered Robot to Identify Weed and Damage in Vegetables
Authors: Tripathi Kitty , Bhatt Sushant
Published: October 2023

The agriculture sector plays a vital role in the Indian Economy and is known
as one of the key areas where automation is emerging to enable farmers to increase the
yield, prevent damage to the crop, reduce harvesting cost, etc. Artificial Intelligence
(AI) offers a large number of direct applications across various sectors and it can bring
a paradigm shift in the Indian farming sector. According to the report of the United
Nations, the land area for cultivation will be 4% by the year 2050 so smart farming
processes are the need of the hour and AI can help in finding solutions to increase the
yield of crops and ensure food security. The chapter focuses on the role of solar powered robots in the agriculture sector with the application of computer vision which
is capable of recognizing the physical properties of vegetables and helps in monitoring
the yield. We analyse a vegetable image data set with mass and dimension values
collected using a computer vision system and accurate measuring devices. After
successful detection and instance-wise segmentation, we extract the real-world
dimensions of the selected vegetable. After monitoring the health of vegetables, the
robot shares the profile through IoT in real-time and thus with low labour cost and
without exhaustive search, the crop can be prevented from damage by weeds which can
be identified at an early stage. Initial evaluation of the developed prototype exhibited a
noteworthy potential of this system in the area of effective control of weeds and crop
damage and assisting in harvesting.
Weather Forecasting using Machine Learning for Smart Farming
Authors: Prasad Rajan , Kumar Shukla Praveen
Published: October 2023

Weather forecast is of prime attention of the researchers working in the
smart agriculture domain. In India, approximately 55% of the total crops are dependent
on weather (monsoon season). An accurate weather forecast model requires abundant
data to get the most accurate predictions. However, the weather forecast is a key area of
research and is always challenging from historical data. Hence, the current system used
for weather forecasting is an amalgamation of forecasting models, opinions, and
information trends, and specific patterns. This work presents the application of the
linear regression model and polynomial regression model for weather forecasting; like
a scheme to forecast rainfall, and precipitation using historical weather data. The
sample weather dataset covers 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh state which is received from
the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). Furthermore, analysing the impact of
forecasts with different parameters is realized over six major crops Triticum (biological
name of wheat), Gram, Barley, Mustard, Sugarcane, and Maize of Uttar Pradesh State.
The main objective of the state-of-the-art is efficient crop management and passing the
appropriate message to farmers to make suitable decisions as per the weather
conditions.
Consumer Willingness to Pay for Food Defense and Food Hygiene in Japan: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Matsumoto Shinya , Kanagawa Yoshiyuki , Nagoshi Kiwamu , Akahane Takemi , Imamura Tomoaki , Akahane Manabu
Published: October 2023

Background

In Japan, incidents of falsified expiration dates on popular cookie brands and health hazards associated with frozen Chinese dumplings have raised food safety awareness. To prevent the intentional contamination of food by foreign substances, large food manufacturing companies have adopted the concept of food defense.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess people’s willingness to pay for food protection measures. In addition, the impact of participants’ personalities and considerations regarding their purchase choices on how much they were willing to pay when shopping for food and other products were measured.

Methods

A questionnaire on willingness to pay for food hygiene and food defense was administered via a web survey and 1414 responses were included in the analysis. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed with individuals willing and unwilling to pay additional costs as the objective variable and other questionnaire items as explanatory variables. A principal component analysis was performed on 12 questions regarding how much additional money people were willing to pay, and the principal component scores and other questions were examined for implications and other information.

Results

Approximately one-third of the respondents stated that they were unwilling to pay additional costs and reported a willingness to consume delivery food even if it contained items that were not part of the original order. The first principal component reflected the extent to which people were willing to pay additional money, and if so, how much. This tendency existed even if the individual foods and amounts varied. The third principal component reflected the amount of extra money that people were willing to pay, which was determined by the amount people had to pay toward food safety measures. Those who answered “zero” were more likely to believe that consumers should not have to pay to ensure food safety. The second principal component reflected an axis separating food defense and food hygiene. Some items not directly related to food were correlated with this axis.

Conclusions

In Japan, the concept of food hygiene is well-established and is generally taken for granted. In contrast, the concept of food defense is relatively new and has not yet fully penetrated the Japanese market. Our research shows that people who think that clothing brands provided added value to clothing products may have similar feelings about food defense. In addition, food hygiene efforts to prevent outbreaks of food poisoning are common in Japan and have been established as the basis of food safety. While food defense efforts are spreading, mainly in companies, it is presumed that they are valuable for the general public as supplementary measures to routine (or basic) food hygiene.
Study of pavement defects on Avenida Wilson Alvarenga João Monlevade and its relationship with urban drainage
Authors: Cota Franciely Cristina , Silva Rafaela Thais Oliveira , Machado Priscila Alves da Silva
Published: October 2023

This work was based on a visual inspection through field work for photographic records carried out on April 21, 2023, in the morning. The stretch of Avenida Wilson Alvarenga, - MG, between the commercial houses ABC da Construção and Marcolage, in both directions, was covered in order to identify the pathological manifestations present in the location. The evaluation was carried out in a qualitative and quantitative way, diagnosing the pathological manifestations found on the pavement and in the rainwater drainage elements of the road, based on research in published technical literature. Through photographic records and based on the results obtained, concrete measures were proposed to recover and improve the quality of paving and drainage on Avenida Wilson Alvarenga, as well as to guarantee the implementation of a comprehensive inspection and maintenance plan in the city, providing safety and comfort for road users, avoiding accidents caused by water accumulation.
Unraveling Madness: Linguistic Complexities in ‘Waiting for the Barbarian’ and ‘The Secret History’
Authors: Aqdas Shayan
Published: October 2023

The research paper is a qualitative study of the multifaceted role of language as a potent tool of power and its connection to the theme of madness within the novels "Waiting for the Barbarians" by Coetzee and "The Secret History" by Tartt. Within the world of fiction, language emerges as a dynamic force, enabling creators to craft narratives that draw upon intricate emotions and characterizations. Close textual reading and analysis serve as the primary instruments for data collection, and this research contextualizes itself within the broader landscape of literary analysis, postcolonial studies, and discourse analysis, and unveils the dynamic ways in which language becomes a tool for wielding power, from economic and political dominance to coercive control. Ultimately, the paper underscores the impact of language on societal power structures, and its role in constructing and dismantling narratives, offering a compelling lens through which to examine the theme of madness in these literary works.
Molecular identification of Eimeria spp. and Eimeria bovis in water buffaloes, Iraq
Authors: Al-Eodawee Enas M.M. , Abdulwahed Thuraya Khaled , Al-Abedi Ghassan J.K.
Published: October 2023

Eimeria is a protozoan parasite of many wild and domestic animals including buffaloes resulting in a widespread disease known as coccidiosis that may impact production, well fare and health status. This study was designed to identify the prevalence of Eimeria spp. and E. bovis in buffaloes using conventional molecular technique. An overall 281 buffaloes of different sexes and ages of many rural areas in Wasit province were subjected during November (2022) to February (2023) to direct collect of fecal samples from the rectum. After molecular examination of all fecal samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the results showed that 25.98 and 35.62% buffaloes were positive to Eimeria spp. and E. bovis, respectively. Furthermore, significant prevalence of Eimeria spp. being higher in  1 year than older ones and Al-Kut than other study region, but not between females and males; while, E. bovis was more prevalent in  1 year, Al-Kut and Al-Hay, and females. Additionally, values of odds ratio and relative risk were elevated significantly in  1 year female buffaloes of Al-Kut region. From our point of view, this represents the first molecular study identifies E. bovis in buffaloes from Iraq. In conclusion, molecular based-PCR revealed a high efficacy in identification of E. bovis, and can be used in epidemiological investigations of coccidiosis in entire country. However, we suggest that the DNA sequence variation in ITS1 region of different Eimeria species should be conducted to view genetic mutations as well as genetic association with other worldwide strains. Also, extensive investigation is necessary to bridge the knowledge gap and providing for diagnosis this parasite in buffaloes as well as in other field animals. Keywords: Coccidiosis, PCR, Bubalus bubalis, calf, wasit province. Iraq
Resilience to climate change impact on water resources and environment (A case study Najaf sea)
Authors: abdulhadi Alamri N. , Khairy Alrawi A.
Published: October 2023

Climate change is affecting all habitats and faucets of life, rural as well urban environs. Urban localities are the main contributors to global warming due to the carbon emissions released through human intervention in the climate system. City dwellers also become the victims of climate change and natural vagaries, Climate change disasters. In order to reduce these risks, cities have adopted strategies to enhance their resilience to climate change disasters and to create resilience. In this context, the United Nations has adopted several legal tools, most notably the Framework Convention on Climate Change. However, these tools have not been effective due to the minimal role of the organizations responsible. Also, the inability of major nations to meet their obligations in decreasing greenhouse gas emissions constitutes a primary contributor to the hazards endangering the survival of urban habitants. The aim of the research study was also to demonstrate the impact of resilience in reducing climate change and mitigating its effects, thereby increasing the elasticity of the environmental system. Keywords: Environment, climate change, resilience, disasters mitigation and adaptation.
Forecasting Malaysian Natural Rubber Prices: An Analysis of Trends and Factors Influencing Price Fluctuations
Authors: Yusof Zahayu Md , Rahman Rosshairy Abd , Hashim Zakiah
Published: October 2023

Recently, the natural rubber industry has grown to be one of Malaysia's most significant economic sectors. However, Standard Malaysia Rubber (SMR20) prices have frequently fluctuated. To predict the price situation in the future, it is crucial to construct a price prediction or forecasting model. As such, a study on forecasting Malaysian natural rubber prices over the next ten years needs to be done. The data gained for this study were from Malaysian Rubber Board covering 1995 to 2022. Univariate forecasting methods such as Holt's Winter, Double Exponential Smoothing, Naive with Trend and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) were used. The best method to forecast natural rubber prices was decided based on the lowest measurement error. From the analysis, ARIMA was chosen because it has the smallest measurement error to predict natural rubber prices over the next decade. As a result, Malaysia’s natural rubber prices showed an upward trend. Keywords: Natural rubber price, forecasting, autoregressive integrated moving average, measurement forecasting error
Effect of polyamines and zeolites on the protein profile of leaves of the date palm cuttings Phoenix dactylifera L. grown under heavy metal stress conditions
Authors: Saleh Aqeela Mahdi , Al-Najjar Mohammed Abdulameer Hasan , Fadel Alpresem Wasen Fawzi
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted on the five to six years old offshoots of date palm (Jebjab) cultivar planted in sustainable land, using an environment contaminated with heavy elements, with irrigation water contaminated with heavy elements Pb(NO3)2 300 mg.kg-1 and cadmium chloride CdCl2 3 mmol, as well as the comparison treatment. Then the treatment was with some polyamine compounds Putrescine 500 mg L-1, coumaric acid 500 mg L-1, and a zeolite compound at a rate of 10 kg Palm-1, in addition to the comparison treatment in the form of ground addition to the soil of the off shoots samples were taken from palm fronds, samples were dried using Freeze-dryer (Lyophilization technique), the protein was extracted from samples, and protein migration was carried out on Polyacrylamide gel using Slab-Electrophoresis method in the presence of SDS denaturants. The molecular weights of proteins were estimated and plotted using PhotoCapt Mw. The results of the study showed that the protein pattern of the leaves show up that all the trees of the study had taken part (identical) with the first protein bundle and the fifth protein bundle on the polyacrylamide gel, as the molecular weights of the proteins of the first bundle ranged between (222.136-243.750) kDa, while the molecular weights of the proteins of the bundle ranged. The fifth is between (24.843-50.386) kDa. This coincidence or participation in the molecular weights of the protein bundles of all the study trees may indicate that these trees belong to one plant origin (which is the Jebjab variety), as these plants share close molecular weights. Keywords: Date Palm, molecular weights, polyacrylamide gel, polyamine compounds.
Analysis of the effect of economic growth and population on the welfare of beef cattle farmers in West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Fathurohman Ferdi , Silamat Eddy , Anas M.
Published: October 2023

Businesses quality in the agricultural sector that are involved in the livestock industry are particularly susceptible to negative economic or social effects. Breeders and farmers, particularly those who raise beef cattle will be affected by continues and incidentally price changes or currency exchange rates because these factors have a significant impact on the beef cattle farming industry. The Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of a region changes as a result of population expansion. This study's goal was to examine how population growth and economic development affect the welfare of beef cattle breeders in West Java Province, with a particular emphasis on four (four) districts that are important hubs for small-scale livestock production: Subang Regency, Purwakarta Regency, Bogor Regency, and Sukabumi Regency. The quantitative methodology of this study analyzes numerical data modified by statistical techniques and literature review. The macroeconomic variables of population and breeder welfare are the focus of the literature review. The West Java Central Bureau of Statistics, the Office responsible for Animal Husbandry and Health Functions for Subang, Purwakarta, Bogor, and Sukabumi Regencies, as well as data from relevant journals and articles, are all sources of secondary data. Data analysis was conducted applying multiple regression analysis techniques. The study's findings concluded that the wellbeing of breeders in Indonesia's West Java Province was significantly impacted by population expansion and economic development. Keywords: Animal farming economy, beef cattle breeders, welfare, economic growth
El discurso de una nueva Indonesia y la “sublimación” de antiguos tiempos de oscuridad: Un acercamiento al discurso político de Indonesia por medio de los sitios web de sus principales actores sociales
Authors: Castillo Castañeda Juan
Published: October 2023

Uno de los principales cambios en esta década del siglo XXI está en las formas de comunicación; el internet juega un papel trascendental trastocando la manera de esa comunicación en los ámbitos de globalización, política regional e investigación. En Indonesia, esta coyuntura ha propiciado que los actores sociales creen páginas web y en ellas expresen sus deseos libremente aunque en un canon discursivo común. Estos sitios web que muestran ideas condensadas de gran parte del juego político de Indonesia son al mismo tiempo una nueva manera de hacer política, una nueva fuente de información que no podemos desaprovechar.
La resiliencia en madres de hijos con parálisis cerebral
Authors: Guerrero Minutti Ivón , Ruíz Martínez Ana Olivia , Monroy Hernández Edwin Jesús
Published: October 2023

Esta investigación hace referencia a la resiliencia en madres que tienen un hijo o hija con parálisis cerebral. Resiliencia la capacidad de los sujetos para sobreponerse a períodos de dolor emocional y traumas. Cuando un sujeto o grupo es capaz de hacerlo, tiene una resiliencia adecuada y puede sobreponerse a contratiempos o incluso resultar fortalecido. La investigación es de corte cualitativo, con alcance exploratorio basado en tres casos únicos, dentro de un contexto sociocultural semiurbano del Estado de México. Tiene como objetivos: a) Explorar si existe la resiliencia en madres de hijos (as) con parálisis cerebral infantil, b) Identificar los factores que intervienen para propiciar la resiliencia en madres de hijos (as) con parálisis cerebral. Una vez recolectados los datos, estos se analizaron, caso por caso. En cada caso se buscaron factores que ayudaron a propiciar la resiliencia en el proceso con la parálisis cerebral como la familia, la religión y redes de apoyo.