bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
More than a Nuisance: Implications of Food Marketing for Public Health Efforts to Curb Childhood Obesity
Authors: Harris Jennifer L. , Taillie Lindsey Smith
Published: December 2023

Fifteen years ago, public health experts urged industry, governments, and advocates to take action to dramatically improve the unhealthy food-marketing environment surrounding children in order to address the global childhood obesity crisis. Since then, research has confirmed that food marketing to children has far-reaching negative effects on their diets and health, takes advantage of adolescent vulnerabilities, and contributes to health disparities. In addition, digital marketing has profoundly changed young people's engagement with brands. Moreover, reliance on industry self-regulation as a solution has proven ineffective. Government-led policies have been more successful, but they remain limited in scope and challenging to adopt and implement. New approaches are necessary to increase public and policy maker awareness that food marketing is more than a nuisance, that it threatens the long-term health of children and adolescents worldwide, and that meaningful governmental action is urgently required to curtail industry's negative impact on young people's well-being.
TLR9 activation induces immunosuppression and tumorigenesis via PARP1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ma Liwei , Qin Niuyu , Wan Wendong , Song Saiwen , Hua Siqi , Jiang Canhua , Li Ning , Huang Long , Gao Xing
Published: December 2023

In this research, we took PARP1 as the key target to explore its regulatory effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The key molecular mechanisms involved in its upstream and downstream regulation were elucidated in OSCC cell lines in vitro and tumor-bearing mice in vivo, combined with clinical OSCC tissues.
SEPHS1 attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration by delaying nucleus pulposus cell senescence through the Hippo-Yap/Taz pathway
Authors: Hu Tao , Shi Zhongming , Sun Yongjin , Hu Feng , Rong Yuluo , Wang Jia , Wang Liang , Xu Wenbin , Zhang Feng , Zhang Wen-Zhi
Published: December 2023

Selenophosphate synthetase 1 (SEPHS1) deficiency leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species levels and in the subsequent activation of the Hippo-Yap/Taz signaling pathway. In the rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), overexpression of SEPHS1 and inhibition of Hippo-YAP/Taz mitigated the progression of disc degeneration indicating the involvement of SEPHS1 in IVDD. SEPHS1 is a promising therapeutic target for IVDD.
A Communication-Assisted Distance Protection for AC Microgrids considering the Fault-Ride-Through Requirements of Distributed Generators
Authors: Wang Deming , Li Fei , Li Yingliang
Published: December 2023

The conventional overcurrent protection is ineffective in isolating faults in microgrids due to the low fault current levels contributed by inverter-interfaced distributed generations (IIDGs). To extend the microgrid protection methods, the distance protection is considered as a common alternative to detect faults. However, the fault-ride-through (FRT) requirements and the high impedance fault (HIF) detection challenge the application of the conventional distance protection. To solve the two problems, a new inverse-time distance (ITD) protection for medium-voltage AC microgrids was proposed in this paper. The primary ITD protection was designed to meet the FRT requirements, and the backup protection was coordinated to isolate faults. The fault resistance and distributed generation infeed effect on the measured impedance were mitigated by a communication-assisted method proposed in this paper. Owing to the shorter communication channel time in distribution feeders and lower communication investments without a synchronous clock, the proposed method can be used to improve the ITD protection performance. An 11 kV AC microgrid was simulated with different fault types in the islanded mode and grid-connected mode. Time domain simulation verified the effectiveness of the proposed ITD protection.
A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Sequential versus Concurrent Intrapleural Instillation of Tissue Plasminogen Activator and DNase for Pleural Infection
Authors: Goh Ken Junyang , Chew Wui Mei , Ong Jasmine Chiat Ling , Leong Carrie Kah-Lai , Mohamed Noor Imran Bin , Anantham Devanand , Hui Li Yan Sandra , Choong Mindy Chu Ming , Liew Charlene Jin Yee , Gutierrez Marnie Tamayo , Wong Jane Jing Yi , Phua Ivana Gilcrist Chiew Sian , Lim Wen Ting , Tan Qiao Li
Published: December 2023

Background and Objective. Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator/deoxyribonuclease (tPA/DNase) is increasingly being used for pleural infections. Compared to sequential instillation of tPA/DNase, concurrent instillation considerably reduces the complexity of the administration process and reduces workload and the number of times the chest drain is accessed. However, it remains unclear if concurrent intrapleural therapy is as efficacious or safe as sequential intrapleural therapy. Methods. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with pleural infection requiring intrapleural therapy at two tertiary referral centres. Results. We included 84 (62.2%) and 51 (37.8%) patients who received sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics, including age, RAPID score, and percentage of pleural opacity on radiographs before intrapleural therapy, were similar in both groups. Treatment failure rates (defined by either in-hospital mortality, surgical intervention, or 30-day readmission for pleural infection) were 9.5% and 5.9% with sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively (

p
=
0.534

). This translates to a treatment success rate of 90.5% and 94.1% for sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively. There was no significant difference in the decrease in percentage of pleural effusion size on chest radiographs (15.1% [IQR 6-35.7] versus 26.6% [IQR 9.9-38.7],

p
=
0.143

) between sequential and concurrent therapy, respectively. There were also no significant differences in the rate of pleural bleeding (4.8% versus 9.8%,

p
=
0.298

) and chest pain (13.1% versus 9.8%,

p
=
0.566

) between sequential and concurrent therapy, respectively. Conclusion. Our study adds to the growing literature on the safety and efficacy of concurrent intrapleural therapy in pleural infection.
The Effect of Slickwater on Shale Properties and Main Influencing Factors in Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Yang Xuefeng , Zhao Shengxian , Yang Yue , Huang Shan , Cao Lieyan , Li Jiajun , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2023

As shale gas reservoirs have low porosity and low permeability, hydraulic fracturing is a necessary means for industrial exploitation of shale gas. In this study, aiming at the problem of reservoir damage in the process of hydraulic fracturing of shale gas reservoir, a physical simulation method of slickwater fracturing fluid flow in shale core has been established. The change laws of physical parameters of the shale were quantified after slickwater fracturing fluid filtrating into it. The main factors affecting physical parameters of shale matrix around fractures were found out in the process of fracturing, shut-in, and flowback of slickwater fracturing fluid. The results show that after treated by slickwater fracturing fluid, the wettability of shale becomes more uniform in distribution (the water contact angles from 43° to 48°). In the fracturing filtration zone, the damage rate of fracturing fluid to shale porosity is 6.4%-42.0%. Low differential pressure flowback can reduce the damage of the shale, and prolonging the time of shut-in has no obvious effect on the damage to porosity. After 0.3 d (imbibition stability time), the damage of fracturing fluid to shale permeability is basically stable (55.9%). Permeability damage is mainly caused by residue of the fracturing fluid in large pores and bound water in small pores. Analysis of weights of all fracturing parameters shows that flowback differential pressure has the largest influence weight on shale porosity (51.4%), and well shut-in time has the largest influence weight on shale permeability (62.7%). Therefore, in the production process, it is suggested to properly reduce the backflow differential pressure and moderately shorten the well shut-in time.
Mitigation of In-Plane Vibrations in Large-Scale Wind Turbine Blades with a Track Tuned Mass Damper
Authors: Li Wanrun , Yan Shuanbao , Li Ganggang , Du Yongfeng
Published: December 2023

To mitigate in-plane vibrations of wind turbine blades, a track tuned mass damper (TMD) is proposed and its performance for mitigating blade in-plane vibration is investigated considering various influence factors. Firstly, the organization and operational principles of the damping control device are explained. Then, the equations of motion of the individual TMD-equipped blade are then deduced from Euler–Lagrange. Secondly, blade’s wind loading is calculated by blade element momentum theory considering the blade rotation effect through the rotating sample spectrum. Thirdly, the dynamical response of the blade based on the MATLAB/SIMULINK tool is calculated. The peak maximum displacement and standard deviation of the blade tip are chosen as the estimation indicators to assess the TMD’s effectiveness of the device considering actually various argument including mass ratio

μ

, damping ratio

ξ

, and installation position

x

0

/
L

. Based on the assumption that the mass block in the vibration reduction control device has no contact with the inside surface of the blade web in operation, the optimal relative values of mass ratio, damping ratio, and installation position of a single blade are determined as 0.03, 15%, and 0.55, respectively. As a result, the reduction of the peak value and the standard deviation can reach 52.78% and 53.75%, respectively. Therefore, with the optimal parameters, the designed vibration control device effectively not only reduces the blade tip displacement but also avoids the damage due to in-plane vibrations.
Regional Cross-Sectional Based Study and Associated Risk Factors of Porcine Circovirus 2 in Nigerian Pigs
Authors: Afolabi Kayode O. , Amoo Olufemi S. , Onuigbo Tochukwu I. , Oraegbu Joy I. , Awoseyi Ayomikun A. , Fasina Folorunso O. , Adebowale Oluwawemimo O.
Published: December 2023

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is a swine viral pathogen of substantial economic importance in pig farming globally. However, large-scale surveillance is needed to determine its prevalence and associated risk factors in the Nigerian pigs. We conducted molecular-based surveillance and mapping of PCV2 in southwest Nigeria to assess its prevalence and spatiality. Six hundred forty-eight individual fecal samples were collected from the different age groups of pigs from 67 farms in three southwest states. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to screen the samples with a specific primer pair. The viral prevalence was determined at individual animal and farm levels. Overall, 145 out of 648 samples (22.4%) and 49/67 farms (73.1%) tested positive for PCV2. The highest prevalence of PCV2 was observed in Oyo State (63/185, 34.1%) and in growers (66/145, 45.5%). Restricting visitors’ entrance to the farm was found to be strongly protective for PCV2 (AOR 0.122;

p
=
0.007

; 95% CI; 0.027–0.564), while not having a quarantine protocol (AOR 4.445;

p
=
0.041

; 95% CI; 1.067–18.5280) and reporting coccidiosis as a common disease encountered (AOR 14.340;

p
=
0.007

; 95% CI; 2.094–98.203) on the farm were significant risk factors identified to be associated with the presence of PCV2. This study revealed a higher prevalence of PCV2 in Nigerian swine herds than expected and presented significant spatial clustering of infection in the studied region. It has also highlighted the risk factors driving its spread in the studied area. The research findings underscore the need for a policy decision to promote PCV2 vaccination in the country, which is currently not in place. The availability and use of the PCV2 vaccines, in addition to effective biosecurity measures, will help to mitigate the virus and its associated diseases in the country for sustainable and profitable pig farming, which holds vast potential in solving the problem of hunger and poverty.
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management for Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Consensus Statements
Authors: Jing Tianyue , Wang Yu , Li Yukun , Cui Liangyu , Liu Xingfang , Liu Dasheng , Ren Cong , Yin Tong , Zhao Zhiwei , Wang Jiaheng , Han Xuejie , Wang Liying
Published: December 2023

Objectives. Management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) encompasses a broad spectrum of practices, posing considerable complexity and variability. While guidelines have been established to augment the management quality of CCS, notable disparities persist across their recommendations. This study strives to scrutinize, compare, and reconcile these guideline recommendations pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of CCS patients. Our goal is to align these recommendations with contemporary clinical practices, thus laying a robust foundation for their pragmatic application in clinical settings. Methods. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Chinese Biological Medicine Database. The timeframe for this search spanned from their inception up to May 30, 2022, aiming to collate all published guidelines relevant to CCS. Subsequently, two independent reviewers undertook the task of appraising the quality of these guidelines by utilizing the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. Results. The search yielded a total of 10,699 citations. Following a thorough evaluation, fourteen clinical practice guidelines and four consensus statements, each offering specific recommendations for CCS, were selected. The quality of these guidelines showcased a broad spectrum of variation. The domain of “presentation clarity” received the highest accolades, while “applicability” languished at the lower end of the scoring spectrum. On average, the guidelines attained a quality score denoting sufficiency. Furthermore, recommendations across different guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of CCS displayed a striking level of divergence. Conclusion. The landscape of published CCS guidelines is marked by extensive variations in scope, quality, and recommendations. Hence, there is a compelling need for collaborative efforts amongst multidisciplinary professionals to forge comprehensive, higher-quality evidence-based guidelines; such a concerted approach is paramount to enhance treatment efficacy and health outcomes for patients grappling with CCS.
Isolation and Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium bovis from Slaughtered Cattle in Nekemte Municipality Abattoir, Ethiopia
Authors: Mezgebu Gemeda Tola , Tola Eyob Hirpa , Donde Balako Gumi , Abdela Muse Girma , Ayana Hika Waktole
Published: December 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease that can spread from animals to humans as well as from human to human. Little research has been conducted on bovine tuberculosis prevalence and molecular characterization in the western part of Ethiopia. To investigate this, a cross‐sectional study was conducted on slaughtered cattle at the Nekemte municipal abattoir between January 2020 and June 2021. A detailed postmortem examination, culture, acid‐fast staining technique, molecular characterization using RD4 deletion, and spoligotyping were all carried out. Based on a detailed postmortem examination, the overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was 7.8% (80 of 1020). Mycobacterium isolation confirmed only 12.5% (10/80) of the suspected tuberculosis tissue lesions. With acid‐fast bacilli staining, all Mycobacterium spp. isolates (n = 10) were positive. However, only 9/10 isolates were confirmed to be M. bovis with RD4 molecular deletion typing. Spoligotyping revealed that 55.6% (5/9) of the isolate patterns had previously been reported, but 44.4% (4/9) of the isolates were new. In the current investigation, it was discovered that 80% (4/5) of the M. bovis strains circulating in the cattle population of study regions were SB2233 (2/5) and SB0134 (2/5), whereas 20% (1/5) of the strains corresponded to SB1176, which is compatible with previously documented M. bovis spoligotypes. These findings suggested that M. bovis was the main cause of bovine tuberculosis in the study area and posed a risk of disease transmission from cattle to humans due to low levels of public health awareness. As such, improved awareness among citizens and the development of control policies are warranted.
Tumor-Specific Activity of Precision Medicines in the NCI-MATCH Trial
Authors: Zhou Ivvone , Plana Deborah , Palmer Adam C.
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

National Cancer Institute Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI-MATCH) is a precision medicine basket trial designed to test the effectiveness of treating cancers based on specific genetic changes in patients’ tumors, regardless of cancer type. Multiple subprotocols have each tested different targeted therapies matched to specific genetic aberrations. Most subprotocols exhibited low rates of tumor shrinkage as evaluated across all tumor types enrolled. We hypothesized that these results may arise because these precision cancer therapies have tumor type-specific efficacy, as is common among other cancer therapies.

Experimental Design:

To test the hypothesis that certain tumor types are more sensitive to specific therapies than other tumor types, we applied permutation testing to tumor volume change and progression-free survival data from 10 published NCI-MATCH subprotocols (together n = 435 patients). FDR was controlled by the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure.

Results:

Six of ten subprotocols exhibited statistically significant evidence of tumor-specific drug sensitivity, four of which were previously considered negative based on response rate across all tumors. This signal-finding analysis highlights potential uses of FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition in urothelial carcinomas with actionable FGFR aberrations and MEK inhibition in lung cancers with BRAF non-V600E mutations. In addition, it identifies low-grade serious ovarian carcinoma with BRAF v600E mutation as especially sensitive to BRAF and MEK co-inhibition (dabrafenib plus trametinib), a treatment that received accelerated FDA approval for advanced solid tumors with BRAF v600E mutation.

Conclusions:

These findings support the value of basket trials because even when precision medicines do not have tumor-agnostic activity, basket trials can identify tumor-specific activity for future study.
TABLE 1 from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

Baseline patient demographics
Supplementary Table 4 from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

Characteristics of the 8 patients who developed a second primary malignancy.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

Effect of IMiDs and CH on progression-free survival.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

Depiction of cell mixtures for PB and BM samples.
FIGURE 2 from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

The mutational spectrum of CH in 986 patients with multiple myeloma. A, The total number of patients harboring one or more mutations in each gene. B, Number of patients harboring mutations in one or two different genes. C, Commutation plot showing CH, tumor and germline mutations present in 129 patients: each column represents a single patient. The top row denotes the maximum VAF in each patient, with darker shades of red indicating higher VAF. The bar graph on the right designates the percentage of the different mutation subtypes for each gene out of all detected mutations.
Data from Clinical Outcomes and Evolution of Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Nzerem Chidimma , Redd Robert , Dunford Andrew , Leventhal Matthew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Tahri Sabrin , El-Khoury Habib , Steensma David P. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Soiffer Robert J. , Keats Jonathan J. , Mehr Shaadi , Auclair Daniel , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Stewart Chip , Getz Gad
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) at time of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) has been shown to be associated with decreased overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with multiple myeloma not receiving immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD). However, the significance of CH in newly diagnosed patients, including transplant ineligible patients, and its effect on clonal evolution during multiple myeloma therapy in the era of novel agents, has not been well studied. Using our new algorithm to differentiate tumor and germline mutations from CH, we detected CH in approximately 10% of 986 patients with multiple myeloma from the Clinical Outcomes in MM to Personal Assessment of Genetic Profile (CoMMpass) cohort (40/529 transplanted and 59/457 non-transplanted patients). CH was associated with increased age, risk of recurrent bacterial infections and cardiovascular disease. CH at time of multiple myeloma diagnosis was not associated with inferior OS or PFS regardless of undergoing ASCT, and all patients benefited from IMiD-based therapies, irrespective of the presence of CH. Serial sampling of 52 patients revealed the emergence of CH over a median of 3 years of treatment, increasing its prevalence to 25%, mostly with DNMT3A mutations.
Significance:
Using our algorithm to differentiate tumor and germline mutations from CH mutations, we detected CH in approximately 10% of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma, including both transplant eligible and ineligible patients. Receiving IMiDs improved outcomes irrespective of CH status, but the prevalence of CH significantly rose throughout myeloma-directed therapy.
Combined Prognostic Impact of Two Quick Frailty Assessments in Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Oguri Mitsutoshi , Ishii Hideki , Fujita Rin , Takahashi Hiroshi , Murohara Toyoaki
Published: December 2023

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of frailty (defined by the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture [SOF] index and the Clinical Frailty Scale [CFS]) in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure (HF). Methods: A total of 1,053 patients over 75 years of age, who were primarily admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of acute decompensated HF, were enrolled. The prognostic value of frailty by the two tools for predicting all-cause mortality was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression models. Results: The incidence of frailty was 57.1% when using the SOF index, 37.6% when using the CFS, and 23.3% when using both tools. Frailty, via the SOF index or CFS, was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in model 1, after adjustment for significantly associated factors by univariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.84, p = 0.027; HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.15–2.05, p = 0.003, respectively), and in model 2, after adjustment for previously reported prognostic factors (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07–1.89, p = 0.015; HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.17–2.07, p = 0.002, respectively). Compared to non-frail patients, frail patients via both tools had a significantly higher incidence of all-cause mortality in models 1 (adjusted HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.42−3.29, p < 0.001) and 2 (adjusted HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.51−3.50, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Combined frailty screening using the SOF index and CFS contributed to stratify the risk of mortality in patients with acute decompensated HF.
Affective Permeability: On Hysteria and Atmospheres
Authors: Esposito Cecilia Maria , Stanghellini Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Background: Phenomenological literature has recently given much attention to the concept of atmosphere, which is the pre-individual affective tonality of the intersubjective space. The importance of atmospheres in psychopathology has been described for various disorders, but little is known about the interaction with hysteria. The aim of the present paper was to describe the psychopathology of hysteria from the angle of the phenomenon of atmosphere, focussing on the hysterical person’s peculiar “affective permeability”. Summary: Hysterical people have difficulty defining themselves autonomously. As compensation, they adopt models transposed from the external environment such as social gender stereotypes or are influenced by the gaze and desire of others. They also possess a special sensitivity in perceiving the affectivity present in a given social situation, by which they are easily impressed and influenced. Their sensibility to environmental affectivity may allow them to take centre stage, assuming the postures and behaviours that others desire and that they sense by “sniffing” the atmosphere in which the encounter is immersed. Thus, a paradox may take place: sensibility is not mere passivity in hysteria but may become a tool for “riding” the emotional atmosphere and manipulating it. Key Messages: Affective permeability to environmental atmospheres and manipulation of the environment are the two sides of the same coin. This overlap of passive impressionability and active manoeuvring is necessary to be grasped in the clinical encounter with hysterical persons not to be submerged by their theatricality, that is, by the hyper-intensive expressivity of their feelings and behaviours.
Civil Society Perspectives on Rights and Freedoms in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Authors: Chaney Paul
Published: December 2023

This pan-regional analysis of non-governmental organisations’ (NGO) perspectives on the contemporary factors which constrain or repress civil society in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is based on United Nations’ Universal Periodic Review (UPR) data. It shows that, paradoxically, whilst the majority of ASEAN states have ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) that upholds civil society’s political role in promoting rights and democracy, this is inimical to the region’s political elites who regard civil society’s primary function as non-political delivery of social welfare and development. This disjuncture results in repression, performativity, and legitimation. The UPR data reveal an ever-shrinking civil space. Civil society, including human rights defenders (HRD s), faces a raft of rights pathologies, including threats, violence and murder—as well as increasing state restrictions on freedom of association and expression. This is compounded by impunity for offenders, corruption, and government inaction following earlier UPR recommendations.
The Hijab Ban Verdict: A Case Note on Aishat Shifat v. The State of Karnataka
Authors: Sinha Navin , Dutta Mitul
Published: December 2023

Should judges engage in theological deliberations? This question has often been asked in the context of religious claims before the courts in India. Following the hijab ban by the Karnataka government, the subsequent decision of the Karnataka High Court (khc) upholding it, and a split verdict by the Supreme Court of India (sci), the question is doing the rounds once again. The present article attempts to critically analyze the decisions of the khc and the sci on the hijab controversy. The analysis draws on the claim of Justice Dhulia that the courts are not the proper forum to engage in theological deliberations, and judicial interference is warranted only when the limits set by the Constitution are violated. In alignment with the claims of Justice Dhulia, the present article argues that in matters concerning government interference in religious practices, the focus of the reviewing court should be more on the legitimacy of the restriction rather than the religious validity of the practice. The author agrees with Justice Dhulia that in matters concerning the right to religion, proportionality is objectively the better standard of judicial review, as it dissuades the court from inquiring into the religious and cultural practices of the parties.
Choices and Allocation of Costs for Religious Preferences and Practices: Insights from an Israeli Test Case
Authors: Israel-Vleeschhouwer Amos
Published: December 2023

Internalization of costs of religious preferences fits the religious self-perception and ideology of many religious communities and is in their long-term interest. It also strengthens the external value of religious communities, norms, and institutions for the wider society.

Many forces press religious communities to reduce the costs of religious preferences. Within a community, costs are reduced by limiting the available choices or shifted to its weaker members; outside the community, costs are shifted to other groups or the state. Incentives influence the allocation of costs, which in turn shape internal communal choices and the religious vitality and sustainability of the community. The allocation of costs also affects the external relations of communities. This article suggests that the allocation of costs is yet another aspect of religious and ideological communities in liberal states that deserves investigation at the constitutional, legal, and regulatory levels.
Climate Litigation in a ‘Developmental State’: The Case of China
Authors: Zhu Mingzhe
Published: December 2023

Despite the absence of a framework climate law, China’s judiciary has expressed its determination to take climate change litigation seriously. This article argues that the Chinese approach to climate change litigation can be better understood within China’s climate governance paradigm. Primarily understanding climate change as a matter of development instead of a matter of environment or human rights, the Chinese government believes that mitigation and adaptation can only be achieved through a smarter development strategy. The state entrusts the power of making and implementing climate policy to the developmental and industrial departments of the executive branch, allowing them to use macroeconomic measures to transform the structure of energy and industry. If this paradigm persists, Chinese judges are unlikely to condemn carbon majors or require the adaptation of more ambitious climate goals. Instead, the judiciary will interpret statutory law or contracts in light of the state’s climate goals, with the hope of incentivizing industrial upgrades. Despite this approach’s apparent advantages of mainstreaming climate considerations, judges are facing the challenge of employing more sophisticated legal techniques and empirical expertise in respect of the energy system.
Climate Litigation, Extraterritoriality of Human Rights and the German Constitution
Authors: Main-Klingst Lea , Ott Hermann E
Published: December 2023

Constitutional obligations can bind the authorities of a state not only in relation to their own citizens but also to people living abroad. The extent of this ‘extraterritoriality of human rights’ has been the subject of much debate. Recent decisions by German courts, in particular the Constitutional Court, have begun spelling out the reach of this obligation for German authorities. In 2020, citizens from Bangladesh and Nepal turned to the Constitutional Court, submitting a complaint, alongside German individuals, on the insufficient and weak climate policy of the German government. As part of its subsequent landmark decision, the Constitutional Court surprisingly upheld the admissibility of the complaints by non-German nationals living outside of Germany. The Court confirmed that greenhouse gas emissions emanating from Germany could potentially give rise to a duty to protect people abroad from the adverse effects of climate change, based on the fundamental rights protection provided under the Basic Law. However, the Court dismissed the complaints on substantive grounds. It established that – should extraterritorial obligations exist – these would differ from domestic obligations in both content and standard of review. Yet, the Court fell short in establishing a suitable standard for assessing a breach of the duty to protect in an extraterritorial context.
New species and records of Macratriinae LeConte, 1862 (Coleoptera: Anthicidae) from the Americas with five new descriptions
Authors: TELNOV DMITRY
Published: December 2023

Descriptions of the following five new species of Macratriinae LeConte, 1862 are presented based on the material mainly from the Natural History Museum London: Macratria bugle sp. nov. (Panama), M. conlei sp. nov. (Ecuador), M. florsavichi sp. nov. (Panama), M. guaymi sp. nov. (Panama) and M. tiriyo sp. nov. (Guyana / Suriname). New distribution records for the Central American Macratria obsoleta Champion, 1890 are also provided.
A benefit to biodiversity assessment: An Indian survey demonstrates that Cheiriphotis geniculata is a misidentification of the valid species Photis geniculata Barnard, 1935 (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Authors: BRUTTO SABRINA LO , JOSEPH PHILOMINA
Published: December 2023

The amphipod crustaceans are an essential taxonomic group in the marine biodiversity assessment and response to environmental pollution or climate change. They play an important role in benthic food webs due to their high biomass, abundance and highly variable modes of feeding. However, our knowledge of the amphipod fauna is somehow incomplete and literature shows shortcomings regarding misidentification or lack of identification to species-level. A case of misidentification is herein reported and solved. The present paper aims at allocating Cheiriphotis geniculata K.H. Barnard, 1916 to the correct taxon Photis. The observations herein presented demonstrate that Cheiriphotis geniculata does fit the genus Photis and its nomenclature should be revised in future checklists and updated in the World Amphipoda Database. Photis geniculata is characterized by a gnathopod 2 with three processes on the palm of propodus and a geniculated dactylus. The present paper recommends Cheiriphotis geniculata is considered a nomen nudum and changed to the valid name Photis geniculata Barnard, 1935.
New find of Dactylophrya-stage of parasitic suctorian of genus Tachyblaston Martin, 1909 (Ciliophora, Suctorea) with comments on genus taxonomy
Authors: CHATTERJEE TAPAS , DOVGAL IGOR , SAUTYA SABYASACHI
Published: December 2023

The article presents the new find of Dactylophrya-stage of rare parasitic suctorian ciliate of genus Tachyblaston on harpacticoid copepod from Mumbai, India. The found specimen was identified as Tachyblaston reversum (Collin, 1909), n. comb. The redescription of T. reversum was provided. The refined diagnoses of genus Tachyblaston and included species, data on distribution of genus representatives, synonymy and comments on genus taxonomy are also presented.
Snowfall Measurements at Wind-Exposed and Sheltered Sites in the Rocky Mountains of Southeastern Wyoming
Authors: Marlow Samuel A. , Frank John M. , Burkhart Matthew , Borkhuu Bujidmaa , Fuller Shelby E. , Snider Jefferson R.
Published: December 2023

Snowfall is an important driver of physical and biological processes in alpine systems. Previous work has shown that surface deposition of snow can vary for reasons not directly related to precipitation processes and that this variance has consequence for water budgets in snow-dominated terrestrial systems. In this work, measurements were made over several winter seasons in a forest–meadow ecotone in the Rocky Mountains of southeastern Wyoming. Two groups of measurements—both with wind-exposed and sheltered precipitation gauges—were analyzed. Reasonable agreement between snow deposition from a Hotplate gauge (exposed) and snow deposition from a SNOTEL pillow gauge (sheltered) is reported. The other result is that snow deposition is enhanced at an exposed gauge that was deployed on the leeward side of a forest–meadow edge. The enhancement is approximately a factor of 2 and varies with wind direction and speed and with upwind forest coverage. The enhancement is greater than was documented in an earlier investigation of Rocky Mountain snow deposition; however, in that study measurements were conducted above tree line.
Shear-Relative Asymmetric Kinematic Characteristics of Intensifying Hurricanes as Observed by Airborne Doppler Radar
Authors: Shimada Udai , Reasor Paul D. , Rogers Robert F. , Fischer Michael S. , Marks Frank D. , Zawislak Jonathan A. , Zhang Jun A.
Published: December 2023

While recent observational studies of intensifying (IN) versus steady-state (SS) hurricanes have noted several differences in their axisymmetric and asymmetric structures, there remain gaps in the characterization of these differences in a fully three-dimensional framework. To address these limitations, this study investigates differences in the shear-relative asymmetric structure between IN and SS hurricanes using airborne Doppler radar data from a dataset covering an extended period of time. Statistics from individual cases show that IN cases are characterized by peak wavenumber-1 ascent concentrated in the upshear-left (USL) quadrant at ∼12-km height, consistent with previous studies. Moderate updrafts (2–6 m s−1) occur more frequently in the downshear eyewall for IN cases than for SS cases, likely leading to a higher frequency of moderate to strong updrafts USL above 9-km height. Composites of IN cases show that low-level outflow from the eye region associated with maximum wavenumber-1 vorticity inside the radius of maximum wind (RMW) in the downshear-left quadrant converges with low-level inflow outside the RMW, forming a stronger local secondary circulation in the downshear eyewall than SS cases. The vigorous eyewall convection of IN cases produces a net vertical mass flux increasing with height up to ∼5 km and then is almost constant up to 10 km, whereas the net vertical mass flux of SS cases decreases with height above 4 km. Strong USL upper-level ascent provides greater potential for the vertical development of the hurricane vortex, which is argued to be favorable for continued intensification in shear environments.
The Changing Ranks of Corporate Leaders
Authors: Cappelli Peter , Bonet Rocio , Hamori Monika
Published: December 2023

The leaders of business are a continued focus of interest in management research and in the broader society. Their attributes speak to social mobility, inequality, and who holds positions of power and influence in society. This article examines the attributes of the ten highest-ranked executives of the largest corporate enterprises in the United States—the Fortune 100—and compares how they have changed over the past 40 years, a period when many assumptions about businesses and the people who run them have changed. While there has been significant change in some areas, such as the increase in the proportion of women and foreign-born executives and the rise in outside hiring, there is no evidence of an increase in younger leaders who advance faster than their predecessors and spend an ever-shorter time with their employer. In fact, top executives now are as old as their peers were in the 1950s, and their tenure with their employer is rising.
Non-Cognitive Adaptive Resourcefulness: Scrutiny of Its Multidimensionality and Nomological Validity
Authors: Denovan Andrew , Dagnall Neil , Drinkwater Kenneth
Published: December 2023

Recent research has observed that Mental Toughness, Optimal Regulation, and Self-Efficacy share core features and variance. Investigators have named this commonality Non-Cognitive Adaptive Resourcefulness (NCAR). The NCAR validation study reported that the construct possesses promising psychometric properties, however, further research is required to replicate and extend these findings. Acknowledging this, the present paper using a UK-based sample of 1998 participants ( Mage = 40 years, range 18–83), tested the NCAR model against competing alternatives (multidimensional and one-factor solutions), and assessed the nomological validity of NCAR in relation to Perceived Stress and Anxiety Control. Participants completed the self-report study measures online. Exploratory structural equation modelling revealed that a bifactor solution represented data more effectively than one-factor and multi-factor alternatives. Additionally, a structural equation model found that NCAR significantly predicted Perceived Stress (subfactors of Distress and Coping) and Anxiety Control (subfactors of Emotional Control, Threat Control, and Stress Control). Moreover, NCAR predicted PSS Coping and Emotional Control to a greater extent than the specific bifactors (Mental Toughness, Optimal Regulation, and Self-Efficacy). This suggested that NCAR comprises an underpinning, positive psychological energy that facilitates coping. Particularly, an enabling resource that enhances the capacity to thrive under pressure and retain emotional control in demanding and trying circumstances.
Financial Performance is Associated With PPE Shortages in Chain-Affiliated Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kang Yejin , David Samuel V. , Bowblis John R. , Intrator Orna , Downer Brian , Li Chih-Ying , Goodwin James S. , Xu Huiwen
Published: December 2023

Many nursing homes operated at thin profit margins prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the role of nursing homes’ financial performance and chain affiliation in shortages of personal protection equipment (PPE) during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We constructed a longitudinal file of 79 868 nursing home-week observations from 10 872 unique facilities. We found that a positive profit margin was associated with a 21.0% lower probability of reporting PPE shortages in chain-affiliated nursing homes, but not in non-chain nursing homes. Having adequate financial resources may help nursing homes address future emergencies, especially those affiliated with a multi-facility chain.
Examining Written Expression Curriculum-Based Measurement for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Challenges
Authors: Romig John Elwood , Mathews Hannah M. , Olsen Amanda A.
Published: December 2023

Students with emotional and behavioral challenges often struggle with writing. Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is an assessment used for a variety of purposes including screening, progress monitoring, and data-based individualization. However, little research has examined technical properties of writing CBM data and supported inferences. This study examined criterion validity of two CBM tasks with the Test of Written Language-4 and whether writing fluency was affected by writing prompt type. Thirty-eight students in 7th–12th grades with emotional and behavioral challenges completed a descriptive writing task and a narrative writing task. Writing samples were scored for the number of words written, words spelled correctly, correct word sequences, and correct minus incorrect word sequences. Across all scoring procedures, associations between the descriptive prompt and the Test of Written Language-4 (number of words written, r = .27 [−.12, .58], words spelled correctly, r = .33 [−.05, .62]; correct word sequences, r = .38 [01, .65]; and correct minus incorrect word sequences, r = .44 [.08, .69] were stronger than associations between the narrative prompt and criterion measure.
Identification and validation of a seven cuproptosis-associated lncRNA signature to predict the prognosis of endometrial cancer
Authors: Cai Luya , Cai Limeng , Zhou Lin , Zhao Yating , Qian Jianhua
Published: December 2023

Objective

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential diagnostic biomarkers in patients with EC.

Methods

We obtained clinical information and transcriptome data for 552 patients with EC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs were obtained through Pearson’s correlation analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied and a signature predicting overall survival (OS) among patients with EC was constructed. We also analyzed the tumor immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity. The results were validated by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction, and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine and wound-healing assays.

Results

Seven cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs related to prognosis were screened out and a signature was constructed. OS was significantly superior in the low-risk group. In addition, patients in the low-risk group had more CD8+ T cell infiltration, a stronger type II interferon response, and greater cisplatin sensitivity. Expression levels of some of the lncRNAs were significantly increased by cuproptosis. Furthermore, silencing of lncRNA AC084117.1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of EC cells.

Conclusion

We constructed a seven cuproptosis-associated lncRNA signature to predict the prognosis of patients with EC with good predictive power.
Random fatigue life prediction of composite components for double-wishbone suspension considering an improved crack propagation model
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Liu Xintian , Wang Shuci
Published: December 2023

To predict the fatigue life of composite structures more accurately under random loads, some parameters are introduced, such as threshold value, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness. The overload hysteresis effect under random loads is considered to improve the crack growth rate model and obtain a random fatigue life prediction model. Taking the key components of the double-wishbone suspension as the research object, the random life prediction model for the key components was established, and the fatigue life test bench was built. By comparing and analyzing the numerical fatigue life, finite element simulation life, and physical test life, the effectiveness of numerical model and finite element model is illustrated.