bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Outcomes of Cardiocerebral Infarction: A Cohort Study of 2 National Population-Based Registries
Authors: Ho Jamie Sin-Ying , Zheng Huili , Tan Benjamin Yong-Qiang , Ho Andrew Fu-Wah , Foo David , Foo Ling-Li , Lim Patrick Zhan-Yun , Liew Boon Wah , Ahmad Aftab , Chan Bernard P.L. , Chang Hui Meng , Kong Keng He , Young Sherry H. , Tang Kok Foo , Chua Terrance , Hausenloy Derek J. , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Tan Huay-Cheem , Yip James W.L. , Chai Ping , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Yeo Leonard Leong-Litt , Sia Ching-Hui
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

Cardiocerebral infarction (CCI), which is concomitant with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is a rare but severe presentation. However, there are few data on CCI, and the treatment options are uncertain. We investigated the characteristics and outcomes of CCI compared with AMI or AIS alone.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 120 531 patients with AMI and AIS from the national stroke and AMI registries in Singapore. Patients were categorized into AMI only, AIS only, synchronous CCI (same-day), and metachronous CCI (within 1 week). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was cardiovascular mortality. The mortality risks were compared using Cox regression. Multivariable models were adjusted for baseline demographics, clinical variables, and treatment for AMI or AIS.

RESULTS:

Of 127 919 patients identified, 120 531 (94.2%) were included; 74 219 (61.6%) patients had AMI only, 44 721 (37.1%) had AIS only, 625 (0.5%) had synchronous CCI, and 966 (0.8%) had metachronous CCI. The mean age was 67.7 (SD, 14.0) years. Synchronous and metachronous CCI had a higher risk of 30-day mortality (synchronous: adjusted HR [aHR], 2.41 [95% CI, 1.77–3.28]; metachronous: aHR, 2.80 [95% CI, 2.11–3.73]) than AMI only and AIS only (synchronous: aHR, 2.90 [95% CI, 1.87–4.51]; metachronous: aHR, 4.36 [95% CI, 3.03–6.27]). The risk of cardiovascular mortality was higher in synchronous and metachronous CCI than AMI (synchronous: aHR, 3.03 [95% CI, 2.15–4.28]; metachronous: aHR, 3.41 [95% CI, 2.50–4.65]) or AIS only (synchronous: aHR, 2.58 [95% CI, 1.52–4.36]; metachronous: aHR, 4.52 [95% CI, 2.95–6.92]). In synchronous CCI, AMI was less likely to be managed with PCI and secondary prevention medications (
P
<0.001) compared with AMI only.

CONCLUSIONS:

Synchronous CCI occurred in 1 in 200 cases of AIS and AMI. Synchronous and metachronous CCI had higher mortality than AMI or AIS alone.
Analysis of Change in Marriage and Divorce and Associated Socioeconomic Variables during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Yıgıt Pakize
Published: July 2024

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, people have contended with health, economic, and social issues on a global scale. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on marriage-divorce, (Crude marriage rate, divorce rate, birth rate, male and female first marriage age) and their socioeconomic related indicators (The ratio of female high school and undergraduate school graduates, man and women employment rates, unemployment rate, GDP per capita,suicide rate). The regions had the highest female employment rate were differentiated by lowest crude marriage and crude birth rates. In addition to this, the regions had the highest divorce rate were differentiated by the highest educated women rate and GDP per capita. As a result, the regional differences were high in the country in terms of study indicators.
Adıyaman İlinde Seçilen Mesleki Grupların Finansal Okuryazarlık Tutum ve Davranış Düzeylerinin Araştırılması
Authors: Bilir İfet , Ergün Suzan
Published: July 2024

Finansal okuryazarlık, temel seviye finansal bilgiler ile en etkin kararlar vermeyi mümkün kılacak finansal tutumların finansal davranışa yansımasını ifade eden bir alandır. Finansal okuryazarlık sadece finans alanı veya doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak finansla ilgili meslekler için değil bütün meslekler için önem arz etmektedir. Alan dışı mesleklerin finansal okuryazarlık tutum ve davranış düzeylerinin yüksek olması hem bireysel hem de toplumsal anlamda fayda sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada, seçili meslekler olarak öğretmen, doktor, akademisyen, mühendis ve hemşirelerin finansal okuryazarlık tutum ve davranış düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılıp, seçilen meslek gruplarının finansal okuryazarlık tutum ve davranış düzeylerini ölçmek için anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ile yapılan istatistiki analizler neticesinde seçilen meslekler ile finansal okuryazarlık tutum ve davranış düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making In The Selection Of Electric Sports Utility Vehicles: Integrated Critic–Copras Method
Authors: Arıkan Kargı V. Sinem
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to assess and determine the most suitable electric sports utility vehicle (e-SUV) alternatives for consumers who are considering buying an e-SUV that is sold in Turkey. Accordingly, 10 different vehicles were selected using specific criteria from the e-SUVs available through distributor sales in Turkey. CRITIC and COPRAS methods were used to rank these vehicles. The results of the CRITIC method for determining the weights of the criteria were the following three: fast charging time, energy consumption, and price. The results of the analyses conducted using the COPRAS method and these weights determined the e-SUV rankings. Based on these results, the top three alternatives were Subaru Solterra, New MG ZS EV, and BMW iX3 eDrive20.
Moğollarda Kadının Yeri ve Ermuk Kadını
Authors: Tansü Yunus Emre , Yücel Ayşe Aybüke
Published: July 2024

Moğollar, tarih sayfalarında uzun asırlar varlığını sürdürmüş ve ilk zamanlarda kabile olarak var olup yavaş yavaş devletleşmiş sonrasında kurduğu devletle, yürüttüğü askeri başarılar sayesinde kısa sürede geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılmıştır. Bu devletin sosyal siyasal ve askeri yapısında kadınlar aktif rol almış ve bu sorumlulukların üstesinden başarıyla gelmişlerdir. Bu görev ve sorumluluklar makalede detaylıca ve örnekleriyle anlatılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra Moğol ordularında bulunduğu bilinen fakat görevleri ve isminin telaffuzu konusunda ortak bir noktada buluşulamamış olan bir grup kadının görevleri ve isimleri, Farsça makale ve temel kaynaklar doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Orduda görevli olan bu kadından, makalede “ermuk” adıyla bahsedilmiştir. Türkçe literatürde eksikliğinin fark edildiği Moğol kadınına dair makale, sosyal ve siyasi hayatta Moğol kadını ve Kadının ordudaki yeri ve Ermuk kadını olmak üzere iki başlık altında yazılmıştır.
Sahiplik Yapısının Denetim Ücreti Üzerindeki Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul'da Bir Uygulama
Authors: Geçici Erol
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de Borsa İstanbul’da (BIST) işlem gören şirketlerin sahiplik yapısının denetim ücreti üzerindeki etkisini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Sahiplik yapısı çeşitlerinin denetim ücreti üzerindeki etkisinin olup olmadığı, varsa yönü ve derecesi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada, 2020-2022 yılları arasında Borsa İstanbul'da faaliyet gösteren 201 finansal olmayan işletmenin verileri kullanılmış olup, panel veri analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları, yabancı ve dağınık sahiplik oranlarının denetim ücreti üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak en büyük pay sahibi ve kurumsal sahiplik oranının denetim ücreti üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, sahiplik yapısının denetim ücretleri üzerindeki etkisini araştıran mevcut literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca şirketlerin kurumsal yönetim standartlarını geliştirmek ve finansal raporlama kalitelerini artırmak için stratejik karar alma süreçlerine önemli bir ışık tutmaktadır.
17. YÜZYILDA OSMANLI TAŞRA İDARESİNDE DÖNÜŞÜM VE ÖZGÜNLÜK: BOLU SANCAĞI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Katırancı Ümit
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, 17. yüzyılda Bolu sancağına tayin edilen sancakbeylerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, devletin kriz ve değişim çağında, Bolu sancağına atanan idareciler ile bu bağlamda sancağın değişen idari düzenini ortaya koymaktadır. Sancağa yapılan tayinler üzerinde merkezin taşra idaresindeki uygulamaları ortaya koyulmuş hem de sancağın kendine özgü sosyo-politik yapısının taşra idaresine yansıdığı vurgusu yapılmıştır. Bolu sancağı özelinde bir yandan merkezde yaşanan gelişmelere paralel olarak hem merkezden tayin olunan idarecilerin hem de dönem dönem güçlenen kapı halklarının sancak idaresinde varlığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bunun yanında, Candaroğulları hanedanı soyundan beylerin ocaklık yoluyla sancağın idaresinde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, sancağa atanan kişinin kimliği sancağın idare biçiminin de değişmesine neden olmuştur. 17. yüzyılda taşra idaresinde yaşanan dönüşüm hem merkez hem de taşra açısından sancak idaresi özelinde değerlendirilmiştir.
PİSİDİA STADİONLARININ GENEL DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: Çoksolmaz Ece
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışmada Pisidia Bölgesi’ndeki stadionlar incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda bölgede stadiona sahip üç kent tespit edilmiştir. Bu yapılar, Pisidia Antiocheia Stadionu ve kent ile ilişkili Men Kutsal Alanında bulunan stadion (?), Sagalassos ve Selge Stadionlarıdır. Men Kutsal Alanı’nda tek sphendoneye benzer plandaki yapı, bazı kaynaklarda odeion ya da küçük tiyatro olarak adlandırılırken, bazı kaynaklarda ise stadion olarak belirtilmiştir. Bu yapının mevcut verilerden odeion olduğu düşünülmektedir. Tespit edilen stadionlar U formda ve tek sphendoneye sahiptir. Sagalassos Stadionun ise planı belirsiz bir durumdadır. Yapıların genel olarak aşırı derece tahribata uğradığını söylememiz mümkündür. Bu sebeple elimizde olan veriler yeterli değildir. Pisidia Bölgesi’nde yapılacak olan araştırmaların artırılması ile 3 kentte tespit edilen stadion sayısının artması beklenmektedir. Tespit edilen stadionların konum ve teknik özellikleri üzerinde durularak, genel bir bakış açısı ile sunulmuştur.
Unveiling the Unspoken and Invisible: Analyzing Artistic Responses to Radiophobia
Authors: Gajda Kinga Anna
Published: July 2024

The persistent nuclear threat continues to loom large, particularly in the contemporary landscape shaped by the ongoing Russian-Ukrainian war, often referred to as the Second Cold War. This conflict has drawn global attention and triggered an upsurge in nuclear discourse within the media, leading to a resurgence of radiophobia. This article aims to introduce the works of several artists who have undertaken the challenging task of rendering visible the imperceptible, ensuring that the nuclear threat and the repercussions of radiation are not relegated to oblivion.
Simulated brain networks reflecting progression of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Jung Kyesam , Eickhoff Simon B. , Caspers Julian ,   UKD-PD team, Popovych Oleksandr V.
Published: July 2024

The neurodegenerative progression of Parkinson’s disease affects brain structure and function and, concomitantly, alters the topological properties of brain networks. The network alteration accompanied by motor impairment and the duration of the disease has not yet been clearly demonstrated in the disease progression. In this study, we aim to resolve this problem with a modeling approach using the reduced Jansen-Rit model applied to large-scale brain networks derived from cross-sectional MRI data. Optimizing whole-brain simulation models allows us to discover brain networks showing unexplored relationships with clinical variables. We observe that the simulated brain networks exhibit significant differences between healthy controls (n = 51) and patients with Parkinson’s disease (n = 60) and strongly correlate with disease severity and disease duration of the patients. Moreover, the modeling results outperform the empirical brain networks in these clinical measures. Consequently, this study demonstrates that utilizing the simulated brain networks provides an enhanced view of network alterations in the progression of motor impairment and identifies potential biomarkers for clinical indices.
Aristotle’s On the Good and the “Categorial Reduction Argument”
Authors: Granieri Roberto
Published: July 2024

Alexander of Aphrodisias reports a series of arguments from Aristotle’s Περὶ τἀγαθοῦ purportedly deployed by Plato to defend his doctrine of principles. One of these arguments, the so-called “categorial reduction argument”, underpins the postulation of the two first principles, the One and the Great and Small, through a bipartition of all beings into two categories, labeled ‘in themselves’ and ‘opposites’. I scrutinize this argument and compare it with other Early Academic bicategorial divisions and especially with the tripartite categorial distinction, itself apparently based on material of Early Academic provenance, included in Sextus Empiricus’ Adversus Physicos 2.262-275. I argue that the Περὶ τἀγαθοῦ account of the “categorial reduction argument” leaves open certain philosophical problems, and Sextus’ report is best interpreted, rather than as a more detailed version of that account (as a common view would have it), as an alternative formulation of it that incorporates a philosophical attempt to disentangle those problems.
Between the Real and Ideal: Efficacy in an Ancient Mesopotamian Building Ritual
Authors: Gabbay Uri , Susnow Matthew
Published: July 2024

This article investigates how ritual transforms the ordinary into something extraordinary. It is the capacity of ritual to differentiate, and to be differentiated from other activities, that provides a group with a framework for seeing what they are doing as being meaningfully different than ordinary. Without the proper focusing lens – ritualization – special nonordinary acts and objects can look very mundane indeed. Furthermore, there is often a stark contrast between what ritual actually does, and what is claimed is being done. This study analyzes a first millennium BCE ritual from Mesopotamia – attested both archaeologically and textually – that deals with preparing and manufacturing various materials and paraphernalia necessary for laying a temple’s foundations, to underscore (1) the fundamental utility of these notions in broadly studying ritual, (2) the processes and mechanisms that transform ordinary materials into special, perhaps “sacred,” products, and (3) how ritual merges the gap between the real and ideal.
How about Pantheism in Ancient Greek Religion?
Authors: Pakkanen Petra
Published: July 2024

Ancient Greek religion has been very rarely studied with reference to pantheism. This article proposes that we should introduce pantheism as an additional interpretive strategy to understand Greek religion. This presupposes addressing the relationship between the interpretations of doxa (theology), discussion about the nature of divine unity in antiquity (philosophy), and religious cult praxis. The main conceptual arguments underlined in refutations of pantheism are discussed. This is followed by a brief survey of the more frequently discussed monotheism and henotheism in Greek religion. The main part of the article presents pantheistic trends in Greek religion, including philosophical argumentation, pantheistic expressions in mythology and in cultic life. It is found that Greek religion exhibits views that can be regarded as pantheistic: gods were immanent rather than transcendent, everything could potentially participate in divine reality, and the boundaries between divine, human, and nature were not exclusive but permeable and fluid.
God Is Time; The Devil Rules over Space
Authors: Berzal de Dios Jimena
Published: July 2024

This article explores José Val del Omar’s religious thought in relation to his Fire in Castile, a 1960 experimental film that sets Spanish Renaissance sculptures in motion by use of pulsating lights, projected patterns, and other striking audiovisual effects. Val del Omar sought to provoke a new and technological mystical encounter: Fire in Castile displaces the viewers’ physical space to create a transcendental and sacred opening, in turn activating the affective role of the sculptures. This essay seeks to contextualize the film in relation to a core theological notion in Val del Omar’s thought, the interlacing of God and time: “God is Time,” he wrote, “the devil rules over space.” For Val del Omar, this is a tragic situation in which God is waiting for us in the entrails of life, which in turn demands a visceral disruption of our spatiotemporal and existential assumptions.
Sedurot in orientalischen Bibelhandschriften
Authors: Oesch Josef M.
Published: July 2024

The text of the Hebrew Bible is divided into sections, which are marked by Petuhot and Setumot. The Mishna prescribed their correct identification to the scribes (2nd century AD). Some medieval manuscripts also exhibit a third structural sign, the Sedura. Its form is described in detail in the Ashkenazi “Machsor Vitry,” but its function is not defined. This note proves that, contrary to popular belief, the sedura also occurs in oriental manuscripts, and I propose that it functions as a kind of “placeholder” in cases of uncertain transmission of the Petuhot or Setumot because its form allows the reciter to read it as Petuha or Setuma or to ignore it. Therefore I call for the correct identification of the Sedura in the Hebrew editions of the Bible which reproduce the text of the Codex Leningradensis.
Description of Aphelenchoides yixingensis n. sp. (Tylenchina: Aphelenchoididae) found in Pinus massoniana from China, and proposal for genus Ptychaphelenchus as a synonym of Aphelenchoides
Authors: Fang Yiwu , Gu Jianfeng , Ma Xinxin , Li Hongmei
Published: July 2024

Aphelenchoides yixingensis n. sp. found in Chinese red pine (Pinus massoniana) in Yixing city, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China, is described. It is characterised by a very slim body (a = 50.8 (41.3-63.8) and 49.3 (42.3-55.1) for males and females, respectively), three (occasionally five) lateral lines in the lateral field, a short stylet (9-12 μm), the excretory pore located at the level of nerve ring, the vagina is not sclerotised and the vulva has slightly protruding lips and lacks a flap, the post-uterine sac is well developed and forms ca 29.0% (24.1-34.1%) of the vulva to anus distance. The spicules are smoothly arcuate, the apex and rostrum rounded and short, and the dorsal limb is 20.5 (16.9-22.2) μm long, the distal end bluntly rounded. Spicule sheath-like structure is present, triangular and outstretched when heat-killed in some individuals. The male tail bears three pairs (2 + 2 + 2) of caudal papillae. The tail of both sexes is sub-cylindrical, the terminus bearing a bluntly pointed mucron with tiny nodular protuberances, mainly at the distal part. The new species belongs to the Group 2 category of Aphelenchoides species sensu Shahina and is defined as A2-B1-C1-D1-E2-F2 according to the categorisation codes of OEPP/EPPO. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S D2-D3 of rDNA, along with ITS and mtCOI, confirmed its status as a new species. A proposal for genus Ptychaphelenchus as a synonym of Aphelenchoides is also discussed.
Characterisation of ‘giant’ cysts of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, present in potato fields in Kenya
Authors: Price James A. , Hunt Kelsey , Nyagah Newton , Orage Calvince , Mwaura Onesmus , Haukeland Solveig , Coyne Danny , Jones John T.
Published: July 2024

Potato production in East Africa is seriously impacted by the potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis, where it has been recorded in at least three countries. In Kenya, it is widespread in all major potato-growing regions, often at very high densities. Consecutive cropping of potato on the same land and a sub-tropical climate have influenced PCN biology. For example, unusually large cysts have been regularly recovered. We have analysed the biological properties of these ‘giant cysts’. The giant cysts contained more eggs than those recovered from UK fields. Egg size did not differ from UK populations and there was no difference in overall lipid content or lipid profile in J2 from giant cysts, compared to control samples. The nematodes in giant cysts were also genetically indistinguishable from any other G. rostochiensis sampled. When grown under UK glasshouse conditions, the offspring of nematodes from giant cysts were no different in size from those grown from control cysts, indicating that gigantism is not a heritable trait and may simply reflect favourable conditions for PCN under Kenyan farming systems. To date, all the PCN tested from Kenya, including those from giant cysts, are avirulent on potato cultivars containing the resistance gene.
The Impact of Domestic Japanese Politics on the English East India Company in Japan, 1613–1623
Authors: Fugetsu Shoya
Published: July 2024

The English East India Company’s (EIC) enterprise in Japan (1613–1623) is widely recognized as a failure. Scholars of the English-speaking world have emphasized the lack of vendible commodities, the EIC traders’ mismanagement, and Japanese hostility towards Christianity. Nevertheless, these narratives often overlook the political and strategic interests of Japan, in the era of political uncertainty after the long warring-states period. This paper re-examines the EIC traders’ records against recent studies on Japanese politics. The careful observations of political movements surrounding the Siege of Osaka (1614–1615) reveal how the EIC traders were involved in the dynamics of Japanese history. Within the framework of mercantile connections supported by “mutual benefits,” the present study demonstrates how the EIC gradually faced difficulties as the Japanese interests shifted, thus arguing that not only European overseas activity but also the active endeavor of the Asian counterparts significantly influenced global interactions of the early seventeenth century.
The Spiritual Garment in Medieval Islamic Mysticism and Kabbalah
Authors: Kahan Yinon
Published: July 2024

This article seeks to compare two of the most significant mystical corpora of Judaism and Islam, Zoharic literature and the oeuvre of Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn al-ʿArabī (1165–1240) respectively. Following a few pioneering studies on relations between Jewish and Islamic mysticism in the medieval Iberian Peninsula from recent years, this article intends to contribute further to the understanding of such relations. It compares one motif or concept shared by both corpora, that of the spiritual garment, according to which the different realms of creation are divine “garments” that cover the Godhead or veil the primordial divine light. It suggests that the similarities between Zoharic literature and Ibn al-ʿArabī’s writings can be explained by their shared roots, which can be traced to the tradition of Arabic Neoplatonism. Some possible Neoplatonic sources for the similarity between the two corpora are also discussed.
‘Resisting’ while Collaboratively Informing in Communist Czechoslovakia
Authors: Holá Barbora , Drumbl Mark A.
Published: July 2024

Informers in the service of state secret police collaborate with authorities and thus contribute to the power of repressive regimes. Through a case-study of Communist Czechoslovakia (1945–1989)—and drawing from secret police archives– this article presents selected stories of informers who in one way or another also ‘resisted’ collaboration with the Czechoslovak State Security (StB). By doing so, we try to further complexify the notions of ’everyday resistance’, on the one hand, and ‘collaboration’ on the other. We demonstrate that resistant acts, similar to collaborative acts, can be apolitically devoid of ideology, highly idiosyncratic, and motivated by private drivers. Informing can be a tool of social navigation—namely, making the most out of one’s circumstances—in repressive times. Hence, resisting while informing also can be approached as a method for an individual to maximize opportunities within the overlapping incentives—both public and private, personal and professional—that contour decision-making and social action in repressive regimes.
Autocracies and the International Criminal Court: Civil Society Engagement, Dissident ngo s, and the Pursuit of Justice
Authors: Lohne Kjersti
Published: July 2024

The rising tide of autocratization does not bode well for the International Criminal Court (icc), which has almost exclusively intervened in contexts of autocratic rule. As the Court is dependent not only on state cooperation but also on non-governmental organizations (ngo s) for effectiveness and legitimacy, this article explores the role—if any—of dissident ngo s in the pursuit of justice for international crimes committed under autocratic regimes. It shows that, while ngo s have been fundamental to the working of the icc, autocratic states are particularly challenging for the icc and ngo s to operate in. Despite this, ngo s may have found new ways of holding autocratic states to account for international crimes—with or without the icc.
Authoritarianism, Popular Resistance and Regime Change in Zambia
Authors: McLoughlin Stephen
Published: July 2024

In 1990, after 17 years of authoritarian rule under inaugural president, Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia looked to be on the precipice of prolonged instability and violence. Authoritarianism showed no signs of softening; the country’s economic decline continued to heap misery on a population where the vast majority were already living in poverty; and the banning of opposition parties in 1973 meant that there was no legitimate political opposition to challenge to Kaunda’s rule. Over the 1970s and 1980s, opposition to Kaunda found expression in various civil society organisations, eventually coalescing into a broad-church Movement for Multiparty Democracy (mmd). When the price of the national staple, maize, doubled overnight, protests quickly escalated into riots, killing dozens. However, instead of an escalation of violence, the mmd pushed Kaunda to engage in political reform. What followed was a decision by Kaunda to lift the ban on opposition parties, leading to his electoral defeat. How did the growing opposition rule precipitate a peaceful transition to multi-party democracy? In this article I argue that Kaunda’s inclusive ideology, which avoided the politicization of ethnicity allowed for a more inclusive and peaceful transition away from authoritarian rule.
Religion after Critique
Authors: Tayob Abdulkader
Published: July 2024

In the last few decades, religion and its terms have shown to be implicated in projects of colonial modernity. While this critique of religion is now generally accepted, the term continues to be used in the field with little regard to its history and its colonial construction. This essay aims to bring greater attention to the continuing relevance of religion in contemporary society as articulated in postcolonial scholarship. It proposes closer attention to the critique of religion in the work of David Chidester, Talal Asad and Charles Long. Two distinct dimensions of religion are identified in their work. The first is a construction of religion in colonial modernity, while the second suggests ways of studying religions in light of this construction. I show in this essay that their work points to multiple complementary ways of studying religions in the contemporary. Their work suggests that the field of religious studies cannot ignore its discursive history and construction.
The Bull, the Cave and the Angel
Authors: Lagioia Alessandro
Published: July 2024

This article aims to reconsider some previous explanations, and to propose new reflections on the genesis and function of the hagiographical text known as the Apparitio Sancti Michaelis in Monte Gargano. After a brief consideration of the narrative’s environmental setting, the sections of the legend are presented and analysed. The analysis focuses on selected topics: the hagiographer’s intention to convey the idea of a cultic substitution in the Gargano, the hagiographical topos of the animal uncovering the divinity, and the symbolic value of the characters involved. The date of the work’s composition, its intent, and issues of authorship are therefore examined.
The End of the Eclipse for Enlightened Reformation: The Classics and New Interpretations
Authors: Pombo Nívia
Published: July 2024

The article revisits classic historiographical discussions about the concepts of Enlightened Despotism and Enlightened Absolutism with the aim of identifying the role played by the related notion of Enlightened Reformism. It draws inspiration from new theoretical and methodological perspectives that challenge the traditional view of Enlightenment as a phenomenon centered on a single diffusion center, as exemplified by Global History, which emphasizes the co-produced nature of the Eighteenth-century Enlightenment. A turning point is considered to be the investigations carried out by historians in the 1970s, such as Franco Venturi, who, by acknowledging a "reforming eighteenth century," expanded the scope of Enlightened Reformism, seen beyond the Enlightenment and Absolutism. Enlightened Reformism is a central theme in Ibero-American historiography, increasingly viewed as an organizing concept for governmental actions in the Atlantic empires between 1750 and 1830. With a broader scope of discussions, research addresses the relationship between Enlightened Reformism and topics such as the management of distant territories, slavery, agricultural development, mineral extraction, scientific voyages, and resistance. Studies also delve deeper into the critique of the vocabulary and theories that underpinned reformist discourses, some of which laid the foundations for the processes of independence in the American colonies in the early 19th century.
Constitutional Damages in South Africa: A Transformative Approach
Authors: Zitzke Emile
Published: July 2024

This article explores when constitutional damages can and should be awarded in South African law. The history of the divergence between common-law damages and constitutional damages (and the uncertainty that might arise about which type of damages a victim of an injury ought to pursue) is explored. Thereafter, a critical and constructive interpretation of the case law on constitutional damages is provided, which sets the scene for a precedent-inspired three-step approach to constitutional damages adjudication. This approach is then defended as a transformative constitutional one which squares easily against the notion of constitutional adjudicative subsidiarity.
Organizational Partiality and Relational Equality
Authors: Rozeboom Grant J.
Published: July 2024

If you are a member of an organization, how should you be committed to its aims and values? I argue that relational equality requires organizational superiors – those endowed with higher authority within organizations – generally to make decisions on the basis of pertinent organizational aims and values, even when there are competing extra-organizational moral considerations. I start with cases of objectionable managerial moral activism, in which superiors take the moral law into their own hands, shirking organizational aims and values for the sake of extra-organizational moral considerations. Since these managerial decisions enforce moral norms on subordinates, and since the moral norms that superiors enforce do not correspond to reasonably expected organizational aims and values (at least those that are compatible with relational equality), the superiors thereby treat subordinates as moral inferiors. This implies that relational equality requires an important form of organizational partiality of organizational superiors.
Privacy and Security in the Cloud: Re-thinking about the State of Research in Tanzania and South Africa
Authors: Mwamlangala Doreen F.
Published: July 2024

Cloud computing is widely embraced worldwide because of its significant economic advantages. Nevertheless, the implementation of this technology exacerbates concerns over privacy and security. This article seeks to examine the main body of research on privacy and security in cloud computing, with a specific emphasis on Tanzania and South Africa. The author claims that the literature is continuously developing. There is a need for more research on the subject from a technological standpoint. The survey indicates a distinct prospect for future investigation and governance. This article suggests that further investigation should be undertaken from a legal perspective.
Human Right to a Clean Environment: General Reflections
Authors: Fitzmaurice Malgosia
Published: July 2024

This article examines the substantive and procedural right to a clean environment. The universal right (based on the 2022 Resolution of the UNGA) is critically analysed from the point of view of its universality in the context of Global North and Global South. The procedural environmental right is less controversial. In this article is analysed within the context of the ECHR and the Aarhus Convention. Environmental Impact Assessment is dealt with from the points of view of environmental information and public participation in environmental matters.
Climate Change Litigation: General Perspectives and Emerging Trends
Authors: Rydberg Agnes Viktoria
Published: July 2024

This article provides an overview of the historical and current landscape of climate change litigation, highlighting its transformative impact on public perceptions and governmental policies globally. Ground-breaking cases have compelled States to adopt more ambitious greenhouse gas reduction targets, whilst emphasising a rights-based approach to climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. In fact, strategic climate change litigation is gaining momentum and is likely to continue in volume and importance. This allows for the targeting of a wider range of actors, not least within the private sector, which in turn can pose financial risks to fossil fuel firms. The article also discusses certain emerging trends in the context of climate change litigation, as well as the potential for a shift towards personal responsibility and inter-state arbitration in 2024. It concludes that climate change litigation emerges as a powerful strategy, capable of influencing policy, ensure accountability, and drive systemic change towards climate justice for present and future generations.
Stories Are Still Not Lived but Told
Authors: Ohara João
Published: July 2024

In Adrian Currie and Daniel Swaim’s “minimal realism”, the stories we tell about the world can grasp better or worse certain patterns that exist independently of us in the world. Accordingly, from their perspective, disagreements about these stories could at least sometimes be solved by empirical means – by “looking at the world”. In this paper, I offer some reasons why a Minkean narrativist would not be moved by Currie and Swaim’s “minimal realism”, at least when it comes to human history. In short, the Minkean narrativist sees no compelling reasons to assume that the beginnings, middles, and endings of the stories we tell about the world correspond to beginnings, middles, and endings that are inherent in the phenomena themselves. These are not properties of events, but parts of the narrative structure through which we understand certain entities or processes in the world.
“The Hand That Tried to Feed You”
Authors: Milazzo Marzia
Published: July 2024

This article offers an in-depth reading of Flora Veit-Wild’s They Called You Dambudzo: A Memoir (2020) and its contentious racial politics of representation. Through the memoir, which I contend is an apologia pro vita sua, a justification for the author’s own life and work, Veit-Wild seeks to dispel long-standing accusations that she has benefitted from Dambudzo Marechera and his legacy. As she depicts herself as a magnanimous activist and scholar, Veit-Wild reverses the script by portraying Marechera as a “galling scoundrel” who “depended on others to sustain him.” In the process, far from offering an authoritative portrait of Marechera that we can trust, the memoir dehumanises the writer. Suggesting that Veit-Wild’s relationship with Marechera was motivated more by racialised objectification than love and respect, the text reproduces a white saviour narrative that reinscribes racist tropes of representation. While it also engages other works by Veit-Wild, this article delves into They Called You Dambudzo’s (un)critical reception, its unsettling portrayal of Marechera as a spoilt, ungrateful, and mentally ill writer who “had a way of taking for granted whatever was done for him,” Veit-Wild’s self-representation as both Marechera’s victim and saviour, her misappropriation of Marechera’s thought to enforce colourblindness, and the vexed colonial politics of speaking for others that the memoir lays bare.
Liability of Non-State Actors for Scope 3-Emissions
Authors: Brans Edward , Peters Mathijs
Published: July 2024

Scope 3 emissions of non-state actors are increasingly relevant. These emissions are becoming more significant in the legal debate regarding climate change mitigation and liability. There are various reasons for this trend, such as increasing attention for these emissions in litigation, ipcc reports and (legal) literature. This contribution focusses on the legal questions that arise in cases concerning scope 3 emissions. However, the focus in this contribution is primarily on the Milieudefensie/Shell case in which a significant best-efforts obligation has been imposed to reduce scope 3 emissions. A reduction order that seems to be unique worldwide.
Environmental Protections During Armed Conflict as Supportive Mechanisms for the Prevention of Atrocity Crimes
Authors: Breitwieser-Faria Yvonne
Published: July 2024

The potential exacerbating impact of environmental damage incurred during armed conflict has gained increasing attention in regional and international fora. The links between conflict and the environment are indirect, but irrefutable. Environmental damage further has the potential to adversely affect risk factors associated with atrocity crimes. It is necessary to consider adequate environmental protections to avoid serious and negative long-lasting effects, and to prevent the exacerbation of conflicts into atrocity crimes. The vulnerability of the population generally and the environment is evident in armed conflict. This article explores the nexus between environmental damage and atrocity crimes generally before considering existing environmental protections during armed conflict and opportunities for progressive development. It argues that the enhancement of existing international legal obligations either through additional protections or improved implementation measures is necessary to protect the environment and contribute to the reduction of the risk of atrocity crimes.
The Tundra Yukaghir Language in a Multilingual Environment
Authors: Pupynina Maria , Vakhtin Nikolai
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of a longitudinal study of the language situation in a multilingual village of Andryushkino (northeast of the Sakha Republic). It is one of two localities where the endangered Tundra Yukaghir (TY) language is still used. Data on TY proficiency were collected in this village by one of the authors in 1987 and then, 35 years later, by the other author in 2022. In both cases, the same methodology for assessing the degree of language competence (DLC) with the help of experts was used. Comparison of data from 1987 and 2022 shows a significant decrease in DLC in younger and middle-aged generations. Our data include 13 people whose DLC was assessed in both studies. The degree of TY competence in six cases out of thirteen has increased over 35 years. The article provides several possible explanations for this growth against the background of linguistic biographies of the speakers and the multicultural and multilingual environment of the village of Andryushkino.
The Dynamics of Multilingualism in an Arctic Language Ecology
Authors: Grenoble Lenore A. , Imeeva-Kysylbaikova Marina , Malysheva Ninel , Timofeeva Aitalina , Vinokurova Antonina
Published: July 2024

The Dolgan language is a Turkic variety, closely related to Sakha but differing from it due to contact, primarily with Evenki (Tungusic). We analyze the linguistic identity of translocal Dolgan communities in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Anabar District, which is home to a minority of the larger group of Dolgan people. Linguistically, Anabar Dolgan is best classified as a northern Sakha variety with significant lexical borrowings from Tungusic. Anabar Dolgans consider it a separate language, and see themselves as speaking Dolgan, Sakha, or a mixture of the two. Their strong sense of Dolgan identity comes from an attachment to language, culture, and territory, an identity reinforced by social ties with and ongoing migrations to and from the Taimyr Dolgan-Nenets District, home to the majority of Dolgans. Data come from sociolinguistic questionnaires, structured interviews, and linguistic elicitation with 50 respondents, and a subset of open-ended interviews.
University-Industry Relationships beyond Technology Transfer: the Role of Intangible Knowledge
Authors: Plata Carlos
Published: July 2024

This article explores the complexities of intangible knowledge transfer in university- industry collaborations, offering a comprehensive view of the current landscape and its future direction. Using a bibliometric and systematic literature review of 1496 articles and 20 selected studies, the research identifies key trends and patterns. Despite differences between academic and practical domains, the study finds that informal networking and personal interactions facilitate mutually beneficial partnerships, regardless of industry type, firm size, or academic specialization. The paper highlights the crucial role of intangible knowledge transfer platforms in fostering effective collaborations and advocates for streamlined protocols to enhance knowledge exchange between academia and businesses. Introducing the Unity Index, the paper provides a novel tool to analyze key authors and relationships between variables, offering new insights and opportunities for future research. This study emphasizes the critical importance of intangible knowledge transfer in university-industry relationships, addressing gaps often overlooked in traditional analyses.
Indonesia-Namibia Trade Potential: Product Competitiveness Mapping and Lessons from Chile and Uruguay
Authors: Sabaruddin Sulthon Sjahril , Sunde Tafirenyika
Published: July 2024

This research study examines the trade potential between Indonesia and Namibia, explicitly focusing on product competitiveness mapping and lessons learned from Chile and Uruguay. The analysis explores the competitiveness of export products in each country and identifies areas for improvement. The findings reveal that Indonesia has a higher number of export products with high competitiveness than Namibia. However, both countries face challenges in boosting the overall competitiveness of their export portfolios. The study emphasises the need for diversification and value-added processing to enhance export capabilities and reduce import reliance. Drawing insights from Chile and Uruguay, it highlights the importance of economic diplomacy and bilateral trade agreements in strengthening trade relations. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and future researchers to foster economic growth and maximise the trade potential between Indonesia and Namibia.
The Lebanon-Israel 2022 Maritime Boundary Agreement
Authors: Yiallourides Constantinos , Ioannides Nicholas A.
Published: July 2024

After over a decade of dispute settlement efforts, Israel and Lebanon reached an agreement to establish their common maritime boundary in October 2022. This agreement is a pioneering achievement in the region. It is the first maritime boundary agreement reached between two States that do not have diplomatic relations. The agreement solidifies the trend towards pursuing maritime delimitation and related arrangements over seabed resources in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. This article analyses the legal nature and content of the Lebanon-Israel 2022 maritime boundary agreement and its implications for the tripoint delimitation of the overlapping maritime areas between Cyprus, Lebanon, and Israel.
Soundtracks of Milesian Identity: Timotheus and Imperial Musicians from Miletus
Authors: Modini Francesca
Published: July 2024

This paper brings attention, for the first time, to the role of musical performances as a site for the preservation, expression, and revival of local Greek identity under Rome. The evidence analysed consists primarily of two inscriptions celebrating some second- and third-century AD Milesian musicians involved in different reperformances of Timotheus of Miletus. While previous analyses have discussed these texts as sources for ancient reperformance practices, I investigate why and to what effect these musicians included Timotheus in their repertoire. My hypothesis is that their interest in Timotheus, who was by no means a standard model of classicism in the imperial period, was stimulated by his local relevance. Reperforming Timotheus was a means for imperial Milesians to re-enact their artistic past and to showcase the distinctive cultural identity of their community, at a time when Miletus faced the competition of other centres in the province of Asia as well as imperial centralisation.
Photographic Representations of the Dutch–Indonesian Conflict in the Yogyakarta-Based Kedaulatan Rakjat Newspaper, 1945–1946
Authors: Zara Muhammad Yuanda
Published: July 2024

Historiography of the Dutch–Indonesian war, also known as the Indonesian Revolution, generally focuses on the origins and types of violence that occurred during the conflict. The war-related photographs published by the Indonesian press during the conflict have received hardly any examination by scholars. This article examines photographs published by the nationalist-leaning newspaper Kedaulatan Rakjat (KR) in Yogyakarta, the city known as the capital of the Indonesian Revolution, between 1945 and 1946. The KR published several types of photographs. The first introduced and promoted Indonesian national leaders. The second demonstrated the ruthlessness of the enemies of the Republic, especially the Dutch and the British. The third depicted the valour and victory of the Indonesian forces in the face of the enemy. The fourth illustrated the massive support of the Indonesian people for the Republic. The Republic’s foreign enemies only appeared graphically in the newspaper as cruel but weak soldiers or as cold-blooded politicians. Through the photographs published in the KR, the authority, efficacy, and strength of the newly born Republic were visually proven and further promoted, while the horror of the Dutch and British acts was continuously emphasized to a large audience. This, in turn, justified the hatred and violence against the Dutch and British. Through this photographic framing, the Kedaulatan Rakjat shaped public opinions and attitudes to support the fight against the Dutch and the British.
Audiovisual Speech Perception Benefits are Stable from Preschool through Adolescence
Authors: Gijbels Liesbeth , Yeatman Jason D. , Lalonde Kaylah , Doering Piper , Lee Adrian K.C.
Published: July 2024

The ability to leverage visual cues in speech perception — especially in noisy backgrounds — is well established from infancy to adulthood. Yet, the developmental trajectory of audiovisual benefits stays a topic of debate. The inconsistency in findings can be attributed to relatively small sample sizes or tasks that are not appropriate for given age groups. We designed an audiovisual speech perception task that was cognitively and linguistically age-appropriate from preschool to adolescence and recruited a large sample () of children (age 4–15). We found that even the youngest children show reliable speech perception benefits when provided with visual cues and that these benefits are consistent throughout development when auditory and visual signals match. Individual variability is explained by how the child experiences their speech-in-noise performance rather than the quality of the signal itself. This underscores the importance of visual speech for young children who are regularly in noisy environments like classrooms and playgrounds.