bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Adipic Acid Using H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2 as Catalyst
Authors: Yang Shui Jin , Yu Li , Deng Li Jiao
Published: May 2013

A novel catalyst, H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2 was prepared by a sol-gel technique, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD. Using aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution (30wt%) as oxidant, sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) as acid ligand, adipic acid was synthesized with cyclohexanone as raw material and H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2 as catalyst. The factors influencing the synthesis were discussed and the best reaction conditions were found out. Experimental results showed that H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2 is an excellent catalyst. When n (cyclohexanone):n (H2O2) : n (H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2):n (NaHSO4) = 100:440.7:0.21:0.74, reaction temperature is 90°C and reaction time is 6 h, the yield of adipic acid can reach 90.2%.
Catalytic Synthesis of Adipic Acid with H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2
Authors: Lv Bao Lan , Jiang Hui Fang , Yang Shui Jin
Published: May 2013

Using aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution (30wt%) as oxidant, potassium bisulfate (KHSO4) as acid ligand, adipic acid was synthesized with cyclohexanone as raw material and H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 as catalyst. The factors influencing the synthesis were discussed and the best reaction conditions were found out. Experimental results showed that H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 is an excellent catalyst. The optimal conditions are: n (cyclohexanone):n (H2O2)=1:4.0,catalyst dosage is 0.4g, mass of acidic ligands is 0.1g, and the reaction time is 4 h, the yield of adipic acid can reach 93.7 %.
Research Progress of Low-Temperature SCR DeNOx Catalysts
Authors: Feng Yun Sang , Liu Shao Guang , Chen Cheng Wu , Zhao He Yong , Xu Yu Song
Published: May 2013

Low-temperature SCR DeNOx process is considered to be a potential technique to meet the stringent environment regulations. It can avoid the problem such as blocking and eroding often generated in medium temperature, polluting and poisoning caused by alkali elements and so on. In this paper, a review of DeNOx catalysts about noble metals, molecular sieve, carbon-based and metal oxides catalyst was presented. The affecting factors of the low-temperature activation were comprehensively expounded, such as precursor introduction method, preparation method, supporter pretreatment and catalyst structure. Then mechanism of SO2 poisoning and effect of active compositions were analyzed. The dual effect of SO2 on the activity of low temperature catalysts mainly results from the formation of certain sulfur-containing species on catalyst surface. Water vapor decreased the number of available active sites attributed to competitive adsorption among H2O and other reactants. Moreover, the co-existence of H2O and SO2 resulted in the decrease of activity obviously. So the way to improve resistance of SO2 and H2O poisoning was summed up. Finally, future research and development directions in the developing low-temperature SCR for removal of NOx technology were proposed.
Study of the Preparation and Property of Oxygen Reduction Electrode Based on Polyaniline or Polypyrrole
Authors: Yang Qing Hao , Huang Tian Zhu
Published: May 2013

Polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) is developed rapidly with special physical and chemical performance. According to high catalytic activity, polyaniline is applied in a wide range of electrocatalysis area, especially for oxygen reduction. In this paper, electrochemical prepared polyaniline was used as catalyst as well as the loading of noble metal catalyst for manufacturing oxygen reduction electrode. Then the influence of carrier, noble metal and their binding forms to the ability of oxygen reduction were investigated by cyclic voltammeter. The result shows that PANI carrier was the most influential factor for oxygen reduction; for single noble metal catalyst, Pt shows bigger catalytic activity than Ag. And the best catalytic activity was optimized at dual deposited catalyst as Ag, Pt mass ratio to 23:100. Further more; compared to glassy carbon, graphite is much better for electrode basement.
Study on Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Nano-TiO2/Precipitated Silica Composite Material
Authors: Lu Fang Hui , Zheng Shui Lin , Song Bing , Sun Zhi Ming , Jin Bao Cheng , Yang Zong Yi
Published: May 2013

Using precipitated silica as the carrier, a kind of composite photocatalyst was prepared through hydrolysisde positing method. The obtained composite material was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR. Based on the experimental results and analysis of characterization, the preparation mechanism of composite powder material was studied. The photocatalytic degration experiment of Rhodamine-B indicates that the precipitated silica is an ideal carrier of the TiO2,and the photocatalyst can combine with the silica tightly. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained composite material is stabilize and constant.
Photocatalytic Properties of Silver Oxide Loaded on Bismuth Vanadate
Authors: Shan Lian Wei , Li Wei , Li Zhong , Mi Jin Bo , Sun Da , Li Ping , Dong Li Min
Published: May 2013

In order to enhance the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4, the Ag2O loaded on BiVO4is studied. In this study, Ag2O loaded on BiVO4was prepared with Bi(NO3)3, NH4VO3and C6H8O7as raw materials by sol-gel method. Influences of the sintering temperature and sintering time were studied on photocatalytic activity, crystal composition and molecular structure. The molecules of matter were characterized by FTIR. Both the phase transition in the sintering process and the influence of Ag2O loaded on crystal structure and size of the BiVO4powder were studied by XRD. The structure of the obtained samples were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity Ag2O loaded on BiVO4in different calcination time and different calcination temperature had been studied through the degradation methyl orange solution. It is found that the BiVO4photocatalytic efficiency of methyl orange is about 20% when the samples calcined for 4h and calcined at 500°C, the Ag2O loaded on BiVO4photocatalytic efficiency of methyl orange is doubled.
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Nano Spheres as Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Hai Jing , Zhao Dong Lin , Zhang Ji Ming , Zhang Dong Dong
Published: May 2013

Ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres with uniformly penetrating channels have been successfully synthesized by a nanocasting method using mesoporous silica as a template. The ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres were investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms and a variety of electrochemical testing techniques. The electrodes with ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres prepared by coating method exhibited good rate capability and reversibility at high scan rates in electrochemical performances. Ordered mesoporous carbon nanosphere electrode with specific surface area of 904 m2/g maintained a stable specific capacitance of 210 F g-1under specific current of 0.1 A g-1for 500 cycles of charge/discharge.
Magnetic Phase Transitions and Magnetocaloric Properties of Gd5Si0.4In3.6 Compound
Authors: Jing Chao , Wang X.L. , Yu D.H. , Yang Y.J. , Kang B.J. , Cao S.X. , Zhang J.C. , Li Z. , Zhu J. , Lu B.
Published: May 2013

The magnetic phase transitions and magnetocaloric properties of Gd5Si0.4In3.6 compound have been investigated. Magnetothermal measurements performed at different conditions reveal that the sample undergoes two magnetic phase transitions. One is a second-order transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic state at about 197 K, the other is a first-order transition when the temperature is reduced to 75 K. The magnetocaloric effect around Curie temperature (TC) was calculated in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy change by using Maxwells equation,which remains over a quite wide temperature span of 70 K between the temperature region from160 to 240 K, and thus makes this material attractive for magnetic refrigerator applications.
Carboxylic Graphene-Supported Platinum and Platinum-Palladium Nanoparticles with High Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Zhou Qing , Wang Guang Can , Yang Long , Yang Yun , Xu Yang
Published: May 2013

Pt, Pd and Pt-Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized on carboxylic graphene (CGR) sheets. The nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and UVvis absorption spectroscopy. Their electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation was also investigated. The results showed the peak current density of methanol oxidation of Pt NPs-Graphite oxide (GO), Pd NPs-CGR, Pt NPs-CGR and Pt-Pd NPs-CGR is 12.2μA/cm2, 14.1μA/cm2, 15.1μA/cm2and 21.5μA/cm2respectively. The nanocomposite of CGR as catalyst supports and Pt-Pd NPs as catalyzers is promising for direct methanol fuel cells.
Synthesis of Nano-Sized FePO4 Cathode Material via a Microemulsion Technique
Authors: Zhang Shi Ming , Zhang Jun Xi , Xu Suo Jiong , Yuan Xu Ji , Tian Tian
Published: May 2013

A novelsynthetic method is developed to prepare nano-sized FePO4powdersused as cathode materials of lithium ion batteries. The samples are preparedvia a microemulsion system in a H2O/cyclohexane/Triton x-100/n-butylalcohol, and then sinter at different temperatures (380°C，460°C，550°C，650°C)for 3h. The thermal stability，structure，morphology and particle size are investigated by means of TG/DSC, X-raydiffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), andthe electrochemical properties are characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) andgalvanostatic charge and discharge tests. Results show the grain size of FePO4particles sintered at 460°C and 380°C for 3h ranges from 10nm to 20nm, and thecrystal structure is amorphous. The initial discharge specific capacity of FePO4cathode sintered at 460°C for 3h reaches 139mAhg-1and110mAh/g,respectively, at 0.1C and 0.3C. Increasing sintering temperature leads to thesmall particles agglomeration and the crystalline growth, and the crystalstructure changes from amorphous to trigonal when the sintering temperature isup to 550°C. The discharge specific capacity also decreases with the increase ofthe sintering temperature. These results suggest that nano-sized particles andamorphous structure can significantly improve the performances of FePO4cathode.
Study on the Water Treatment Properties of the Porous Ceramic Filter Balls Synthesized with Industrial Solid Waste
Authors: Di Yong Jiang , Jia Bi , Wang Jun , Xu Xiao Hong , Wu Jian Feng
Published: May 2013

The porous ceramic filter balls were synthesized with industrial solid waste by ceramic process. The removal efficiency, filtration velocity and turbidity for the water treatment properties of the porous ceramic ball filter materials was studied comparing with that of the quartz sand filter materials. The test result shown that the decontamination efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was 5% to 10% high than that of the quartz sand filter. When the water turbidity fluctuated with magnitude about 50%, the changes of final water turbidity was in the range of 5% to 8% through the porous ceramic ball filter. The energy saving efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was very significant for the porous ceramic ball filter effectively extend the filtration cycle life.
Influence of Insulating Compounds Addition on Magnetic Properties of FeSi Cores
Authors: Zhu Xiao Hui , Nie Min , Bai Hai Ming
Published: May 2013

The process of preparation of Fe-Si cores is studied, and the influence of different amounts of insulating compounds addition on magnetic properties of the cores is discussed. The results show that the effective permeability is 71.4 when the amount of insulation is 0.5wt%. When the content is increased to 2.5wt%, the DC Bias characteristic becomes the best. When the insulating compounds addition is 2.5wt%, the sample has the lowest power loss, which is 308.4 mW/cm3at f=50 kHz and B=50 mT.
Equation of State for Electron-Electron Interaction Energy by Padé Approximation
Authors: Zheng Xing Rong , Tian Chun Ling , Yang Jiao , Fu Yun
Published: May 2013

Describing the electron-electron interaction contribution to the Helmholtz free energy, we obtained a new fitting formula by revising the electronic exchange contribution to the Helmholtz free energy of the previous fitting formula. Using Fortran program, we calculated the curves with some sensitive parameters like the electron-electron interaction contribution to the free energy and the Coulomb coupling parameter , temperature , the mean distance between the electrons making a comparison between the revised fitting formula and the formers. It is concluded that the theoretical value of the revised fitting formula basically has agreement with the previous theoretical value at , when , the revised value completely has a consistent with the previous results. It is illustrated that the curve of the revised fitting formula is more smooth, perfect, and we obtained a very good agreement between the theoretical result of the revised Helmholtz free energy and the theoretical result of the former Padé formulas, which illustrates us to get a more accurate fitting formula and result. Therefore, the revised fitting formula is a more complete and accurate description of the thermodynamic properties of the electron-electron interaction contribution to the Helmholtz free energy.
The Carrier Mobility Obtained by Admittance Spectroscopy Using an Equivalent Circuit
Authors: Yu Lei Ming , Luo De Ying , Li Jun Jie , Man Jia Xiu , Lu Zheng Hong , Liu Zhu
Published: May 2013

A single-carrier hole-only device of ITO/MoO3/NPB/Al was used to measure the hole mobility of NPB layer, where NPB is a hole transport material. The hole mobility of NPB at different electric fields was obtained from the hole transit time (τdc) which was extracted from the negative differential susceptance (ΔB) as a function of frequency. To eliminate the impact of the contact resistance on the mobility measurement, an equivalent circuit model has been introduced to calculate the capacitance and the conductance of the NPB layer. By fitting the Nyquist plot of the impedance spectroscopy using the equivalent circuit, the contact resistance can be extracted from the impedance measurements. It is found that the mobility at low electric field is lower than what was reported in literature after the consideration of the contact resistance. It is also found that the calculated hole mobility of the NPB layer follows the Poole-Frenkels rule.
Application of Experimental Teaching in University Education of Inorganic Material Specialty English
Authors: Cheng Ming Ming , Wang Fei , Feng Lei , Li Ya Jing , Li Ji Yuan , Liu Hai Feng , Liu Hui Min
Published: May 2013

In the paper, the experimental teaching is adopted to the inorganic material specialty English to promote the English comprehensive ability and professional skills of students. The experiment is to prepare sepiolite nanofibers by means of the microwave chemical method using natural sepiolite samples as raw materials. Through the experiment, the English practical ability and skills of students are developed.
A Design Proposal about an Installation to Push the Sand on Railroad
Authors: Chen Ming Biao , Wang Yun Si , Hu Xin Jun , Li Qing Shan
Published: May 2013

A kind of installation used to push the sand out of railroad consisted of railway sand pushing installation and railway turnout sand blowing installation. The installation can be set on the pre-panel of the rail car or patrol and check vehicle; which can be used for quick extrusion the sand on the railway and blow out the sand in the railway turnout. Thus the train can run in gear when the railways are covered with a lot of sand. So we can solve the problem that the train is blocked by the sand on the railway. Keywords. Railway installation, Railway sand pushing installation, Railway turnout sand blowing installation, Railway sand cleaning installation.
Measuring Air Anion Concentration and Researching Development of Forest Health Tourism in Riyuexia National Forest Park
Authors: Liu Shang Lin , Li Qing Shan , Lv Wen Feng
Published: May 2013

In this paper, air Anions functions such as cleaning air, resisting bacteria, health care and the seven evaluation criteria system of the air anions concentration were introduced. Air Anion Concentration of Riyuexia National Forest Park in Heilongjiang province was Measured and analyzed. After comparing the result of 10 samples to the Anions evaluation system we can see that the air quality of Riyuexia National Forest Park is very fresh, it helps to health and is fit for some ecotourism activities such as health preservation of forest and fresh air bath. The paper proposes that we should preserve forest and water tourism resources, construct featured green eco-system and publish air anion Concentration index regularly.
A Study on the Changes and Development of Water Resources in Urumqi
Authors: Wang Zhi Jian , Dang Fei
Published: May 2013

Using Excel software, this paper analyzes the changes of water resources in recent 10 years in the area of Urumqi, and it discovers that water resources per capital in Urumqi is declining; the annual precipitation is ascending in its totality though there is fluctuation; the amount of water usage is rising evidently and there is an increase tendency in the apects of lacking water resources and imbalance between supply and demand. The main reasons that cause the above situation are the serious waste and low utilization of water resources; extensive use and over-development of water resources in some parts of Urumqi; unreasonable industrial distribution and lack of the comprehensive and unitied diministration of water resources. Faced with these problems, the paper tries to put some suggestions from the point view of regional sustainable development.
Keywords: water resources; changes; development; Urumqi
The Spray Fan and Saving Water of the Textile Air-Conditioner
Authors: Xu Hong , Hui Jing
Published: May 2013

This paper compares spray air-conditioner system to traditional water spraying air-conditioner system, analyzes the reasons of saving water. Though the actual use of textile industry in Xinjiang, it found that using spray air-conditioner system save water above 50%. At the same time, it can save electricity obviously.
Key words: spray fan, textile air-conditioner, saving water
Military Logistics Center by Comprehensive Evaluation Method
Authors: Yu Tien Kuei
Published: May 2013

The logistics center with the distribution of goods, temporary storage, picking, classification, distribution processing, storage, procurement and product design and development, and many other features. Army accoutrements homemade and purchased ways, scheduled for the army logistical reach, such as the quality of service, it is necessary to establish an integrated logistics center, and the establishment of the position of the military logistics center is the optimization of the key factors of the logistics system one. Set of index system according to the scholars of this study, the use of grey comprehensive evaluation method to construct an appropriate choice of the logistics center position mode, in order to assess the establishment of the position of the best solution. Finally, an example that the model can provide decision makers an objective analysis method.
The Integration of the AHP and Grey Theory for the Investment Risk in Franchisee
Authors: Yu Tien Kuei
Published: May 2013

The servicing industry is more prosperous than others recently, how to alternate a chain store corporation to invest or operate is an important subject today. For the risk reducible and adding more opportunities to profit, the investors should collect some information (such as competition, potential...) of the industry by some rules before to join them .Therefore, it is expected to use the method of the Grey Analytic Hierarchical Process to estimate the competition about the chain store corporation for supporting investors more opportunities to profit in this paper.
Optimize the Study of the Dynamic Film Selection
Authors: Yu Tien Kuei
Published: May 2013

A technical computer animation for dynamic film, animated short film production to Taiwan by customers to move to the development of the continent, a shrinking market worries. Visible the Taiwan in animation foundry (low-cost, high-quality, high-efficiency) industry, no longer is an advantage. The other hand, the industry has also been realized to cartoons of the United States and Japan and therefore positive efforts (toward the direction of home-made animation Fanmei Jun, 2004). Secondly, the computer animation at this stage of the development of animation industry in Taiwan is the weakest that is, the ability of the financial, legal, and international marketing. Due to the creation of the marketing practices of the finished product is difficult to both creators oriented (Hongfeng Yi, 2004). The research basis the Tsou-Hsiang Ju (2008) using conjoint analysis, analysis of four different preference cluster analysis, five kinds of film properties and their rights, grey relational analysis of dynamic video library field to be named; understand the Hall field the eyes of the average consumer selection situation, it is recommended to design products to meet consumer preferences, and to continue to innovate and reform, driven by the digital content industry to flourish in the international market and to keep pace with foreign manufacturers.
Controlled Synthesis of EuF3 Nanoslices via a Simple Solution Route
Authors: Song Zheng Qi , Fang Qin , Wu Guo Zhi , Qian Li Wu , Wang Xin
Published: May 2013

In this thesis, EuF3are fabricated without using any surfactant at 140 °C temperature. The formation of nanoslices can be attributed to the inherent crystal structure of EuF3. The morphology of EuF3can be controlled by the reaction time. The corresponding photoluminescence properties of EuF3nanoslices have been investigated.
The Analysis on Impact of the Input of Agricultural Film Material to the Sustainable Development of Vegetable Industry of Hebei - Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Authors: Wu Jian Guang , Cui Yu Shu , Shao Hong Ling
Published: May 2013

The paper constructed agricultural film pollution EKC model of vegetable industry in Hebei province, Based on 1999-2011 vegetables average yield per hectare as vegetable industry development level ,the density of agricultural films as variable combined with planting area and total production time index. The empirical results has shown that the relationship between the density of agricultural films in Hebei province and economic development is with linear growth characteristic not a typical inverted "U" type EKC characteristic. Therefore, in the process of making vegetables industry policy and vegetables environmental protection policy, the government should take measures to control the occurrence of vegetables agricultural films source pollution actively. Not using the inverted U type of EKC curve does as the excuse of first pollution, after management.
Research Progress on Resource Utilization of Iron Tailings and its Development Trend in China
Authors: Duan Xin Hui , Liang Jin Sheng , Tang Qing Guo , Meng Jun Ping , Ding Yan
Published: May 2013

The treatment of iron tailings has been a global issue, which has bought serious impact on the environment, it was considered to be a potential threat to human lives. In the present paper, the development situation of iron tailings utilization in China is investigated, the problems existed is analyzed and suggestions are provided, which are hoped to be valuable in the future research and the development of functional materials and products. Keywords: Iron tailings, resource utilization, functional materials, environment protection
Influences of the Adding Manners of b on the Stability and the Soft Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 Alloys
Authors: Gu Yue , Chao Yue Sheng
Published: May 2013

The stability and the soft magnetic properties of amorphous Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 alloys have been investigated in this paper. Amorphous Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 alloys ribbons are prepared by single-roller-quenching method. The differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer Spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used for characterizing microstructures, soft magnetic properties, and evaluating the influence of adding manners of B on the stability of as-quenched specimens. The XRD curve shows a wide dispersion of peak, the TEM diffraction ring was dispersed cyclic, the pattern of the matrix was homogeneous, and the Mössbauer spectrum of as-quenched alloy presents a typical broadened and overlapped sextet, which confirms the as-quenched alloy in fully amorphous state. The DTA results showed the activation energy of Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 alloy is 299.7KJ/mol. When pure B is replaced by FeB in preparing amorphous Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 alloys, the activation energy reduced to 293.3 KJ/mol,and the soft magnetic property is decline according VSM results.
The Role of the Electrode Size of to the Elecronic Transport Properties
Authors: Peng You Lin , Zhou Yan Hong , Qiu Xiao Hui , Zhou Li Li
Published: May 2013

We study the size effects of the electrode to the elecronic transport properties via a molecule of benzene sandwiched between two graphene electrodes using an ab initio nonequilibrium Green's function method and density function theory. More specially, two types of electrodes are selected: one ring wide electrodes and two rings wide electrodes. We find that the current cross the system that is with two rings wide electrodes is bigger than the current that is with one ring wide electrodes. Detailed analyses of the projected density of states and the transmission spectra of the system reveals the mechanism: with wider electrodes, transmission coeffients walk nearer to the fermi energy and may make contribution to the current at applied bias voltages.
Facile Synthesis and Properties of Bifunctional Magnetic-Optical Fe3O4@ZnS Nanocomposites with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Zhang Dan , Gao Guan Hua , Ma Wei , Zhu Jian Yu , Qiu Guan Zhou , Liu Xiao He
Published: May 2013

Solvothermal synthesized monodisperse Fe3O4nanoparticles have been encapsulated with zinc sulfide shell through a simple ultrasonic-assisted aqueous-phase method under ambient environment. The monodisperse magnetic cores with average diameter of 180 nm were coated with zinc sulfide shelles (20~60 nm), in order to achieve a core-shell structure with both magnetic and luminescent properties. Structure, morphology and size of products were investigated in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results display that the Fe3O4cores have been coated with ZnS shells Magnetic and optical properties of the nanocomposites were measured with vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Magnetic study reveals reduction of the saturation magnetization (Ms) for Fe3O4@ZnS nanocomposites compared with uncoated Fe3O4nanoparticles. Room temperature PL spectrum of the Fe3O4@ZnS samples shows two emission bands occurred at 389 and 292 nm, respectively. The bifunctional magentic-Optical materials can be used in biomedicine. Keywords: Fe3O4; ZnS; core-shell structure; nanocomposites
Study on the Medium-Frequency Magnetic Pulse Treatment of Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 Amorphous Alloy by Positron Annihilation Technique
Authors: Jin Ying , Chao Yue Sheng , Du An
Published: May 2013

The amorphous alloy specimens Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 were treated by medium-frequency magnetic pulse. The treatment conditions were as follows: the pulsing magnetic field frequency and the acting time were kept at 1500 Hz, 10min, and the field intensity were 200Oe, 250Oe and 300Oe respectively. The structural defects change of specimens after magnetic-pulsing were researched by positron annihilation lifetime technique (PAS). The results show that in the as-quenched amorphous alloy, the positron are mainly localized at vacancy-sized free volumes in the amorphous based phase, and the amorphous alloy produced irreversible structural relaxation after being treated by the medium-frequency magnetic pulse which leaded to the decline of the annihilation lifetime τ1. With the increase of pulsing magnetic field intensity, new trapping centers of positrons are produced owing to the crystallization of amorphous phase, that leads to the intensity I2 increases and I1 decreases drastically. The soft magnetic properties of specimens treated by magnetic-pulsing were tested by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that the medium-frequency magnetic pulse (1500Hz, 200Oe, 10min) can improve the soft magnetic properties of Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1 amorphous alloy.
Synthesis of Hexyloxy-Wrapped Porphyrin Sensitizer Functionalized by Acrylic Acid
Authors: Zhang Nuo Nuo , Feng Ya Qing , Yan Jia Ying , Xue Xiao Dong , Ju Cheng Gong , Zhang Bao
Published: May 2013

We have synthesized a novel carboxylated porphyrin-based sensitizer, in which the porphyrin ring and the carboxyl anchoring group are connected with a vinyl at the meso position. Vinylcarboxyl was introduced by heck coupling in which mono-vinylcarboxyl porphyrin was obtained. And we introduced four hexyloxyl in the ortho-positions of the meso-phenyls to protect the porphyrin core and increase solubility.
The Study of Bond Selective Photochemistry in CH2BrCl
Authors: Li Lan , Li Zong He
Published: May 2013

The photodissociation of chlorobromomethane (CH2BrCl) has been studied using unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF), configuration-interaction-singles (CIS), and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) levels. The result of oscillator strengths indicate that the photochemistry reactions of CH2BrCl are processes where the n(Br)→σ*(C-Br) transition are excited to repulsive states leading to direct carbon-bromine bond breaking reactions. And the 1A’ →1A’ state is the important transition in photolysis of chlorobromomethane.
Application of Reagent JZQ - F7 Prepared with Catering Waste Oil to the Low Grade Phosphate Rock Flotation
Authors: Wang Hua Jun , Yi Ai Fei , Yu Hui Mei
Published: May 2013

Mixed fatty acids collector (JZQ - F7) prepared with catering waste oil applying for recovery of low grade phosphate rock is studied. Research shows that the environmentally friendly collector JZQ - F7 has high selectivity for phosphate ore with good solubility in water. The reagent could upgrade the ore P2O5 content from 2.57% of the run-of-mine to 32.25% of that after a rough and two clean flotation processes with Na2CO3 dosage of 2.1 kg/t, Na2SiO3.9H2O dosage of 2.7 kg/t, JZQ - F7 dosage of 0.7 kg/t. The mesh of grind is 30% minus 200 mesh, and plus 40 mesh (0.45 mm) sizing product is discarded.
The Influence of Singlet Oxygen and Ozone on the Combustion in Methane-Air Mixture
Authors: Shi Rui , Wang Chang Hui , Chang Yan Nan
Published: May 2013

Based on GRI3.0, we study the main chemical kinetics process about reactions of singlet oxygen O2(a1Δg) and ozone O3 with methane-air combustion products, inherit and further develop research in chemical kinetics process with enhancement effects on methane-air mixed combustion by these two molecules. In addition, influence of these two molecules on ignition delay time and flame speed of laminar mixture are considered in our numerical simulation research. This study validates the calculation of this model which cotains these two active molecules by using experimental data of ignition delay time and the speed of laminar flame propagation. In CH4-air mixing laminar combustion under fuel-lean condition(ф=0.5), flame speed will be increased, and singlet oxygen with 10% of mole fraction increases it by 80.34%, while ozone with 10% mole fraction increase it by 127.96%. It mainly because active atoms and groups(O, H, OH, CH3, CH2O, CH3O, etc) will be increased a lot after adding active molecules in the initial stage, and chain reaction be reacted greatly, inducing shortening of reaction time and accelerating of flame speed. Under fuel rich(ф=1.5), accelerating of flame speed will be weakened slightly, singlet oxygen with 10% in molecular oxygen increase it by 48.93%, while ozone with 10% increase it by 70.25%.
Detection Study on the Mineral Processing Reagents Preparation from Catering Waste Oil and Application on Ore Flotation
Authors: Yu Hui Mei , Wang Hua Jun , Yi Ai Fei
Published: May 2013

The composition of catering waste oil is similar to that of traditional materials for the preparation of fatty acid collectors, which makes it possible to change catering waste oil into fatty acid collector applied to ore flotation. The collectors which come from catering waste oil are detected by FTIR and GC-MS analyses. The FTIR date shows that collectors contains lively carboxyl functional groups and The GC-MS date reveals that those carboxyl functional groups exist in single unsaturated fatty acid and three unsaturated fatty acid. The collectors can be applied to iron ore reverse flotation, apatite flotation, and fluorite flotation. It has better flotation experiment results than the traditional collector that using in field production.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles via Simple Wet-Chemical Routes
Authors: Lee Byeong Woo , Koo Jin Heui , Lee Tae Suk , Kim Yun Hae , Hwang Jae Suk
Published: May 2013

Zinc oxide (ZnO) powders were synthesized by a simple precipitation and a hydrothermal process at the temperature range RT-100°C. In precipitation process, the powders were formed by mixing aqueous solutions of zinc nitrate with NaOH aqueous solution under controlled process conditions such as precursor concentration, reaction pH and temperature. Single phase ZnO particles can be easily synthesized in lower precursor concentration, higher reaction pH and temperature. The powders synthesized at room temperature exhibited plates, rods or pointed multipod morphologies depending on the concentration and pH. ZnO crystallites synthesized by hydrothermal process consisted mostly of well developed large or elongated crystallites of plates or rods in shape. The results reveal that the ZnO crystallite sizes and shapes would be efficiently controllable by changing the processing parameters of the preparation processes.
Determination of Ultra-Trace of Herbicides Using Smart Nanoparticles
Authors: Khdary Nezar H.
Published: May 2013

18- Smart Nanoparticles was synthesized using sol-gel process. The spherical particles were obtained using appropriate parameters such as solvent. Modification of C18-Smart Nanoparticles was carried out using trichloro and trimethoxy octadecylsilane. The modified particles were designed for extraction and preconcentration of herbicides as illustrated in figure 1. Herbicides molecules were easily recognized by C18- Smart Nanoparticles and the recoveries were varied from 59-82%.
Ionic Solid Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Properties Investigation
Authors: Ramli Nur Aainaa Syahirah , Amin Nor Aishah Saidina
Published: May 2013

A series of ionic solid nanomaterials denoted as IS1, IS2 and IS3 have been prepared using butylmethylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM][Br]) ionic liquid as cation, and three types of heteropolyacid; phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40), phosphomolybdic acid (H3PMo12O40), and silicotungstic acid (H4SiW12O40) as anion. The nanomaterials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, NH3-TPD and BET. Its catalytic performance was investigated by catalyzing glucose conversion to levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural. It was observed that the ionic solids have higher acidity with semi amorphous structure, higher thermal stability and insignificant water content compared to the parent compound. Among the three prepared ionic solids, phosphomolybdic based ionic solid (IS2) exhibited the best catalytic performance due to its highest total acidity.
Advances Research on Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate Whisker
Authors: Shen Rui , Chu Gang , Shen Xin Pu
Published: May 2013

Magnesium carbonate whisker is a single crystal of magnesium carbonate crystal, which has an integral crystal growth, and small defects, furthermore, it is colorless, transparent, and has high-intensity. It has an incomparable property compared to other conventional whiskers. It is a cost-effective whisker; thus has been of great interest due of this characteristic. Reported magnesium carbonate whiskers have been increased gradually since the beginning of this century. The preparation of magnesium carbonate whisker can be done by using chemicals as raw material, as well as by using natural resources, such as: seawater concentrated liquid and magnesite. Although magnesite resources are abundant in China, its low exploitation and utilization had long been the reason for low grade ore problems. The use of magnesium ore to optimize conditions for the preparation of magnesium carbonate whisker by adjusting reaction conditions, not only took advantage of mineral resources, but also helped to achieve industrial production of magnesium carbonate whiskers. We also analyzed how some factors had influenced the morphologies of MgCO3•3H2O, such as: reaction temperature, reaction time, and stirring speed etc.
Study on the Corrosion Performance of Reinforced Concrete by Using the Seawater Hot Rain Testing Equipment
Authors: Li Yue , Gu Zhong Wei , Qin Xian Ming
Published: May 2013

In order to investigate the corrosion performance of reinforced concrete in the marine environment, the seawater hot rain testing (SHRT) equipment was used to imitate the marine environment and accelerate corrosion rate by circularly spraying seawater to the samples under high temperatures which can attain 70°C. The test results show that SHRT can accelerate the chloride ion permeability which can quickly investigate the corrosion performance of reinforced concrete. Different types of material admixtures have different influences on the corrosion performance of reinforcement concrete, and rust inhibitor and cementitious capillary crystalline material can improve the anti-rust resistance of reinforced concrete effectively.
Thermal Performance Analysis of the Molecular Linkers in the Carbon Nanotube Composites under Stress Conditions
Authors: He Jie , Zhang Xiao Jin , Tao Zhi , Xu Ye Xin , Wu Xi
Published: May 2013

The influence of the stress type, stress size and polymer chain number on the thermal performance of the molecular linker was investigated by the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method (NEMD). The results demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of molecular linker first increases and then decreases with an increment in tension because of the interaction between the phonon mean free path and spectrum red-shifted of the molecular linker. While the molecular linker is in compression, the thermal conductivity is linear relationship with the magnitude of the force. With the length compressed to 90%, the thermal conductivity can be decreased 70% maximally. Moreover, increasing the polymer chain number can improve effectively the thermal performance and the anti-deformation ability of the molecular linker.
Analysis of the Sequence Conservation of the Circadian Clock Protein KaiC
Authors: Sen Liu , Liu Song , Chen Fei Yun
Published: May 2013

Regulation of daily physiological functions with approximate a 24-hour periodicity, or circadian rhythms, is a characteristic of eukaryotes. So far, cyanobacteria are only known prokaryotes reported to possess circadian rhythmicity. The circadian system in cyanobacteria comprises both a post-translational oscillator (PTO) and a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL). The PTO can be reconstituted in vitro with three purified proteins (KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC) with the existence of ATP. Phase of the nanoclockwork has been associated with the phosphorylation states of KaiC, with KaiA promoting the phosphorylation of KaiC, and KaiB de-phosphorylating KaiC. Here we studied the sequence variation of 65 KaiC proteins in evolution, and determined some key residues in KaiC by analyzing the site variation rates of the protein sequences. These key residues could be used to study the key interactions of KaiC with KaiA and KaiB.
Effects of Vacuum Pre-Cooling on Quality of Mushroom after Cooling and Storage
Authors: He S.Y. , Yu Y.Q. , Zhang G.C. , Yang Q.R.
Published: May 2013

Experiments were conducted to determine if vacuum cooling has an effect on the physical and chemical quality characteristics of mushroom after cooling and storage. Pressure, temperature and mass variations of mushroom were obtained during vacuum cooling. The pressure was decreased from 10000 Pa to 600 Pa within 4 min and then maintained it until the end of vacuum cooling process. Accordingly the temperature of mushroom dropped from initial 25.1 °C to 2.4 °C within 25 min, and the mass loss was 5.3%. Subsequently, vacuum cooled mushroom were stored at 1±0.5°C. and 85-95% of relative humidity for 2 weeks. The effects of vacuum cooling on the color, firmness, polyphenol oxidase and membrane permeability of mushroom after cooling and storage were determined. The results showed that vacuum cooling significantly reduced the polyphenol oxidase and membrane permeability.
One-Step Effective Segregation of Ginger Essential Oil and Gingerol in Oleoresin Ginger via Transcritical CO2
Authors: Tao Yong Qing , Shi Yang , Zhang Si Min , Dong Xi Yao , Gao Pan Pan , Wang Jin Han , Zhao Nan , Ruan Hai Hua , Zhao Hui
Published: May 2013

We developed a supercritical CO2 extraction procession and determinated ginger essential oil contents from the ginger oleoresin to explore the effects of temperatures or pressures on the supercritical CO2 extraction. Our research indicated that pressures had little effect on the liquid CO2 extraction capacity. However, supercritical CO2 extraction capacity was affected dramatically by the variant pressures. Additionally, changing pressures or temperature pushed the CO2 into transcritical isolation state. Under this circumstance, we not only ensured the yield of ginger oleoresin, but also did we obtain the ginger essential oil and gingerol simultaneously.
A New Process of Extracting Oleoresin Ginger from Ginger by Critical-State Liquid CO2
Authors: Tao Yong Qing , Shi Yang , Zhang Si Min , Dong Xi Yao , Gao Pan Pan , Wang Jin Han , Zhao Nan , Ruan Hai Hua , Zhao Hui
Published: May 2013

We developed a new procession of extraction efficiency of ginger oleoresin by comparing the CO2 flux in liquid state with that in supercritical state under variant pressure conditions. In our this report, we found that the optimal parameters of this procession: 9～10MPa in extraction pressure, 10～20°C in extraction temperature, 8～10MPa in isolation pressure, and 35～45°C in isolation temperature. This procession is steady and ensures both the extraction yield of ginger oleoresin and the low cost of operation.
Effect of Coal Moisture on Emissions in Fixed Bed Combustion Appliances
Authors: Aydın Nalan Erdöl , Okutan Hasancan
Published: May 2013

The water associated with coal is an important element in both the formation and utilization of coal deposit. The first stage of coal formation is the accumulation of vagetable matter in swamps. This is followed by consolidation and partial decay of the organic matter to form peat, which can have moisture contents of 80-90% in situ. Low-rank coals such as brown coals and lignite, which are formed in the next stage of coalification, can have moisture contents in range 30-70%. Hard or bituminous coals, which are formed in the final stages of coalification, have relatively low moisture contents of 10% or less. Thus the elimination of water is an integral part of the coalification process and it follows that the moisture content of coal is one of its most characteristic and important properties. Moisture is one of the most basic and important parameter defining coal structure but the data reported on its effect on combustion efficiency and emissions is rather limited. In this study we report effect of coal moisture on CO, NOx, SO2 and particulate emissions in a automatic-loaded boiler combustion. In this study, effects of moisture on particulate emissions of %37-38 moisture orijinal Yeniköy Ağaçlı (Y.A.), %24, %21, %17, %15 ve %10 moisture Yeniköy Ağaçlı, %6 moisture South African coal, %22 misture mixture coal (S.African ve Y.Ağaçlı) ve %13 moisture Soma are investigated in automatic-loaded boiler.
Photoelectrode with Multilayer of Gradual Scattering Structure Used in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Peng Xiao , Zhang Bao , Meng Shu Xian , Yu Xiang Mei , Zeng Zhe , Liu Lin , Feng Ya Qing
Published: May 2013

A multilayer TiO2 film featured with gradual scattering structure was developed and used as photoelectrode for dye-sensitized solar cells. This structure of film consists of P25 nanoparticles and TiO2 aggregate which was synthesized by micro-emulsion method as scattering centers The scattering centers were deposited by gradually increasing the amount from the film’s bottom to its top. The special films were used for the studies on the photovoltaic performance of N719 and Zn-3, and their photoelectric conversion efficiencies were 7.34% and 4.04%, respectively. Furthermore, more improvement of the conversion efficiency is realized for Zn-3 than for N719 by using our newly developed multilayer films as photoelectrode compared with ordinary photoelectrode.
Using of Boron Wastes in Red Brick Production
Authors: Kilicarslan Ayfer , Kurttepeli Yigit , Saridede Muhlis Nezihi
Published: May 2013

Large amounts of boron containing wastes are come into being during its extraction processes. The wastes consist of high amount of boron do not only cause economic loss but also serious environmental problems. Boron wastes contain boron oxide and clay can be used in the production of building materials, glass and ceramic. Utilization of boron pond waste from Eti Kırka Boron Works, Turkey in red brick manufacture was investigated. Adding different ratio of boron waste into the brick clay mixture, samples were formed. The pressed samples were ﬁred at temperatures of 800°C and 900°C. The effects of boron waste addition on physical, mechanical and firing properties of red brick were examined by DTA-TG survey, three-point bending test, water absorption, porosity and bulk density tests. Microstructures of selected ﬁred samples were also examined using SEM. Results shown that physical and mechanical properties of all samples were improved with boron waste addition. The best result was obtained when 20% of boron waste was used in the production.
Interfacial and Emulsifying Behavior of Essential Oils Using as Retarded Steam Delivery
Authors: Krause Jens Peter , Kumpugdee-Vollrath Mont
Published: May 2013

Storage behavior and controlled release of steam are the most important properties of the essential o/w emulsions for application in steam baths. The interfacial behavior, emulsion properties and steam delivery of three commercial essential oils were investigated to improve their application. A special designed lab-scale steam chamber was successfully used for the release tests. It was found that the essential oils showed characteristic interfacial and emulsion behaviors which depend on the content of surface active compounds. The relative steam delivery profile of various oil types were negligibly different. The most useful application form seems to be oil-loaded micelle dispersions (solubilisates).
Treatment of Sweet Potato Starch Wastewater with UASB
Authors: Wang Hong Fen
Published: May 2013

A pilot-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was used to study the sweet potato starch wastewater treatment performance and its influencing factors. Under normal temperature conditions, the operating parameters of sweet potato starch wastewater from UASB treatment was optimized, and the better conditions from different influent CODcr concentrations was obtained. The impacts from trace elements MgCl2, FeCl2, CoCl2, NiCl2 on physiological and biochemical characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge was developed.