bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Морфологічні особливості новоутворень ока у собак
Authors: Mykhailenko N.I. , Voitsekhovych D.V.
Published: November 2017

Tumors of the eyes in pets are relatively rare. Tumors can adversely affect the functions of the eye, lead to damage to its structures, discoloration, discomfort or changes in the shape of the eyeball. The study of the morphological features of neoplasms of the eye has not only scientific or general biological interest, but also has a purely practical significance.The purpose of our work was to study the frequency of diagnosis, morphological, clinical and macroscopic features of various histological types of eye neoplasms. It was analyzed 178 cases of tumors of different localization in dogs that were admitted to the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the NUP of Ukraine for histological examination from various clinics of veterinary medicine in Kyiv. Neoplasms of the eye were about 3%. The ratio between malignant and benign neoplasms was 1:1. The average age of the sick dogs was 7 years. Most often the eyelids and other parts of the eye's auxiliary apparatus were affected. In only one case, an intraocular tumor was noted. Such statistics are not accurate, as most owners refuse surgical removal of the eyeball. The prevailing clinical form of neoplasm was nodular. Macroscopically, most tumors had a regular oval shape. In one case, an ulcer was found on the surface of the tumor. The melanoma of the uveal tract, the squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid, the eccrine acrospiroma of the sweat glands of the eyelids, the adenocarcinoma of the sebaceous glands of the eyelids, the hemangioma of the orbit and neurofibroma were diagnosed. Histologically, the neoplasms of the eye did not differ from other similar localizations.The obtained data will supplement the knowledge of researchers of other countries about the histological structure of tumors that are recorded in the eye area, as well as the role of the geographical factor, environmental conditions in the development of oncological pathology.
Патоморфологічна характеристика парвовірусного ентериту в собак
Authors: Radsikhovskii N. , Zaika S.
Published: November 2017

Viral enteritis occupy a leading place in the infectious pathology of dogs and lead to severe disorders of such systems as the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and respiratory.The comprehensive diagnosis of this pathology in dogs is not developed enough. The high variability of clinical signs for parvovirus enteritis, the complexity of the appeal with a large number of qualitative indicators, complicate the diagnosis of this disease for a practical veterinarian. The methods of pathomorphological diagnosis are simple, cheap and accessible to any veterinarian doctor. It is precisely from them that the causes of death of the animal begin to be established, with many diseases and pathological conditions, these methods remain decisive when making a diagnosis.The aim of the work was to study and analyze the pathomorphological features in parvovirus enteritis of dogs.Materials and methods of research. The work was carried out at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Zhytomyr National Agroecological University, as well as in the veterinary clinics of the city of Zhytomyr: the private veterinary clinics «Bagira» and «Doctor-Zoo», the educational and scientific-production clinic of veterinary medicine of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the (ZNAEU) in the city state Zhitomir Hospital of Veterinary Medicine and Aybolit Private Veterinary Clinic in the period from 2014 to 2017 in breeding and breeding dogs.Diagnostic studies to confirm parvovirus enteritis were performed using the VetExpert and ELISA and PCR rapid tests on the basis of the private veterinary laboratory of Bald Ltd. (Kyiv).The pathoanatomical section of dogs of all ages who died from parvovirus enteritis was performed by partial evisceration in a generally accepted sequence.The article presents the results of the study of pathoanatomical changes in dogs for parvovirus enteritis, which depended on the form of manifestation of the disease – intestinal, cardiac or mixed. The most pronounced pathological and anatomical changes were found in the gastrointestinal tract (intestinal form), mainly in the small intestine.In the dead animals, a complex of pathoanatomical signs that can be considered characteristic of parvovirus enteritis are found: hemorrhagic enteritis, serous-hemorrhagic inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes, signs of hepatitis, acute altered myocarditis, and in the lungs – hemorrhages and foci of atelectasis and enlargement of the spleen.
Вплив препаратів «Бровермектин-грануляттм» і «Авесстимтм» на рівень продуктів ПОЛ та активність ферментів АОС у гепатопанкреасі однорічок білого амура, уражених моногенеями
Authors: Stybel V.V. , Fedorovych O.V. , Tafiychuk R.I.
Published: November 2017

The data on the influence of the anti-parasitic drug «Granulated brovermectin» and immunomodulator «Avesstim» on the level of lipid oxidation products (LOPs) and the activity of antioxidant system enzymes (AOS) in hepatopancreas of white currant annuals affected by various ectoparasites are given. The research was carried out at the garden and fish farms of the state enterprise «Rybgosp Galitsky» (now Rybgosp «Burshtynskyy» LLC) of the Rogatyn district of the Ivano-Frankivsk region and the farm enterprise «Dobrotvirskiy rybzavod» in the Kamianko-Buzsky district of the Lviv region, located on the warm waters of the Burshtynskaya cooling water reservoirs and Dobrotvirskaya TPS. For the study, white amur of the same age (with body weight 45–47 g) was selected, infected with Dactylogyrus lamellatus, Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis and both parasites at the same time.It was found that white amur of the same age infected with Dactylogyrus lamellatus, Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis and in mixed infestations, the level of TBK-products in hepatopancreas decreased by 25.7% after the treatment with «Granulated brovermectin»; 29.3 and 32.4%, diene conjugates – by 13.5; 21.7 and 18.9% at P < 0.001 in all cases. At the same time using the drugs «Granulated brovermectin» and «Avesstim», the reduction of the above-mentioned indicators in all cases was also reliable (P < 0.001) and was 68.0; 66.3 and 64.0 and 32.0; 35.4 and 36.2%. Concerning the content of lipid hydroperoxides in hepatopancreas of treated fish, its decrease was probable (P < 0,05) only for the combined application of the studied drugs.After use of the above-mentioned preparations the activity of enzymes of antioxidant protection in hepatopancreas of white amur of the same age increased. However, it should be noted that fish affected by dactylosurids, only the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the complex use of «Granulated brovermectin» and «Avesstim» increased significantly (P < 0.001). In the case of damage by hydroactylics, the activity of superoxide dismutase in hepatopancreas of fish that was administered only «Granulated brovermectin» probably (P < 0,05) increased by 9,4%, and the use of a complex of drugs – by 28,4% (P < 0,001). After mixed infections, as well as for monoinvasia, in the hepatopancreas of white amur of the same age after the use of drugs, an increase in the activity of all the enzymes studied, however, was only significant increase in the activity of SOD (P < 0,05; 0,001). Thus, the complex application of drugs for monogenous doses of fish had a more significant impact on the biological equilibrium in the system LOPs↔AOS.
Антиінтерферонова й антилактоферинова активність мікроорганізмів дистального відділу кишечника поросят за змішаної нематодозно-протозоозної інвазії
Authors: Peleno R.A.
Published: November 2017

It was investigated the changes of anti infearonic and anti lactofearinic activity of microorganisms of distal part of the pigs intestine for mixed nonmatodozic – protozoozic invasion. Established that the organism invasion of the ascaris association, balantidium and eymeria does not cause changes of anti infearonic activity in microorganisms of genus Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Propionibacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp. and Fusobacterium spp., but increases it in Bifidobacterium spp. at 9.09% and Clostridium spp. at 22.22%, and decreases to 7.69% in Eubacterium spp. Compared with controls, infearonic activity of microorganisms selected from animals intestine from the 2nd group was higher in Citrobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. and Streptococcus spp. accordingly in 4.6, 4.5, 2.9 and 2.3 times. In colilact. «-» gem «-» and Enterococcus spp. the growth of investigated rate was 1.2 to 1.4 times. Thanks to the result of investigation of anti infearonic activity of obligate anaerobes selected from the distal intestine of pigs infested by the association of intestinal parasites, was set its growth in microorganisms of genus Bifidobacterium spp. and Bacteroides spp. to 33.3%, Prevotella spp. – to 29.2%, Clostridium spр. – to 64.0%, Eubacterium spp. – to 26.7%, Propionibacterium spp. – to 84.6% and Peptostreptococcus spp. – to 15.4%, compared with microorganisms selected from the intestines of agility pigs. Among MAFAnM the most compared, to control, anti lactofearinic activity was grown in bacteria of genus Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. accordingly in 7.8, 3.7 and 3.5 times. Less expressed growth of the indicator was found in bacteria of genus Candidaspp. – into 1.5 times, E. coli.lact. «-» gem «+» and Enterobacter spp. – 1.4 times, Lactobacillusspp. and Enterococcus spp. – 1.3 times and Streptococcus spp. – 1.2 times.
Імунний статус телят, хворих на гастроентерит
Authors: Zinko H.O.
Published: November 2017

It has been established that there is a violation of the immunocompetence of the macroorganism at diseases of the gastrointestinal tract which are accompanied by diarrhea. Since the immune system is one of the most important homeostatic systems in the body, these disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, the purpose of the work was to study the indicators of natural resistance and immunological reactivity in calves with gastroenteritis. The research was carried out at the state enterprise «Milk Rinks»Pravda LTD in Brody district of Lviv region on 1.5–2-month-old-calves. 15 calves were selected for the study: 5 healthy ones and 10 patients with gastroenteritis. Blood for research was taken from the jugular vein before the early feeding.In the study of indicators of natural resistance, it was found that in calves with gastroenteritis, the content of circulating immune complexes in serum is authentically (P < 0.001) greater than 45.1%, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum is authentically (P < 0.01 ) lower at 15.1 and 26.3% and phagocytic activity of neutrophils – by 8.6% compared with healthy animals. In the study of lymphocytes and their subpopulations, it was found that the relative amount of T-total and T-active lymphocytes is authentically (P < 0.01) less by 8.6 and 11.7%, respectively, compared with healthy animals, the relative number of T-helper cells – less than 16.4% (P < 0.01). There is no probable difference in the relative number of T-suppressors between patients and healthy animals, but the immunoregulatory index in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, is 19.4% smaller, compared with healthy ones. The relative number of B-lymphocytes was authentically (P < 0.01) less in sick animals by 14.5% compared with clinically healthy ones, and the content of immunoglobulins in serum was lower by 16.3% (P < 0.01). Conclusion: in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, there are a number of violations of the immune system, characterized by a decrease in the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity, which require correction in the process of treatment.
Антимікробна активність нового хіміотерапевтичного препарату на основі флюмеквіну щодо Aeromonas Hydrophila
Authors: Solopova H. , Vishchur O. , Stetsko T.I. , Ugrin G.P. , Hom’jak O.I.
Published: November 2017

In the article presented results of study of the antimicrobial activity of the chemotherapeutic drug on the basis of the active substance – flumequine.The sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial to antibiotics was determined and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of flumequin, the active substance of the drug «Flyumek», were determined.For the study were selected 5 fish – carps affected by aeromonosis. The diagnosis for aeromonosis was based on epizootological data, clinical signs of the disease, pathological and anatomical changes and the results of bacteriological research. The fish were slaughtered and crops were made from the affected parts of the skin, liver and kidneys. Sowing was carried out on meat-peptone broth (MPB) and meat-peptone agar (MPA). The seeds were incubated in a thermostat at a temperature of 26 °C for 48 hours. The sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial to antibiotics was determined by agar diffusion using standard antibiotic disks and the Müller-Hinton medium. In order to isolate and identify the Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium, the primary culture of the pathological material was performed on the MPA, which was incubated in the thermostat at 26 °C for 24 hours. The next step was to isolate pure cultures of microorganisms and make smears that were stained with Gram in the Björk modification. The method of serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of flumequine in the preparation of «Flyumek» for Aeromonas hydrophila isolates.The results of the test for the sensitivity of the microflora of the biomaterial from the patient to the aeromonosis of the fish showed high sensitivity of the microorganisms to flumequin, tetracycline, fluorophenicol and trimethoprim, moderate neomycin sensitivity and resistance to amoxicilline, tylosine, lincomycine and colistine. The diameter of the growth retardation zone around the disks with flumequin was – 23,2 mm in the crop sown from the skin, from the kidneys – 30,0 mm, from the liver – 30,4 mm.According to the obtained values of the minimum inhibitory concentrations of flumequine, all investigated isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila were sensitive to the drug «Flyumek» and amounted to 1.0–2.0 μg ml.The results of the conducted studies indicate that fluoroquinolone antibiotic flumequin has a high antimicrobial activity against the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila, an aeromonosis agent of carp fish.
Біохімічні показники крові свиноматок за профілактики порушень обміну мінеральних речовин
Authors: Grushanska N.G. , Kostenko V.М.
Published: November 2017

Of all domestic animals, pigs suffer the most from deficiency of minerals. This is due to the specificity of pig production, feeding technology, retention and anatomical – physiological characteristics of pigs. In order to obtain the best qualities of pig production, it is necessary to make correction the ration for swines of various technological groups using mineral feed additives that take into consideration not only the physiological needs for minerals of the corresponding age groups and classes of swines but also the biogeochemical zone or the province where the farm is located. Also, conditions that accompany the emergence of a mineral deficit are taken into account. The development of new, eco-friendly, non-toxic means of preventing disorders of metabolism of minerals in pigs is a promising direction of veterinary medicine.The research was carried out ont the farm of the Kyiv region (northeastern biogeochemical zone). Biochemical parameters of blood were studied using biochemical analyzer «Labline-010» with standard sets of reagents. The content of chemical elements in water was investigated by the method of atomic emission spectrometry on the Optima 210 DV device.The paper presents the authors’ own research on determining the biochemical status of an organism of lactating sows in the northeastern biogeochemical zone of Ukraine at the prevention of microelementosis using new experimental eco-friendly means.The content of total protein, albumin, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol, bilirubin, activity of ALT, AST, AF in the blood serum of sows of the northern-eastern biogeochemical zone of Ukraine before and after the application of experimental drugs was investigated. The positive influence of prophylactic agents on the parameters of metabolism of proteins and calcium was defined.In the blood serum of the sows of the first experimental group, 28 days later, the total protein content on 5.3% lower and the total calcium concentration on 16.5% higher than the control group  of animals were found.In the blood serum of sows in the second experimental group,  28 days later, the total protein content on 8.3%  lower and the total calcium concentration on 19.9% higher than the control group of animals were found.
Терапевтична ефективність застосування FORTICEPT UDDER FORTE за маститу у корів
Authors: Zhuk Yu.V. , Derkach S.S. , Valchuk O.А. , Shevchenko A.M.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the results of our own research on the therapeutic effectiveness of the use of FORTICEPT UDDER FORTE for post-milk treatment of cows with subclinical mastitis.As is known, one of the reasons for the emergence of mastitis of cows is the lack of proper sanitary-hygienic treatment of breast milk after milking. Taking into consideration the fact after milking, according to various authors, remains open for 30 minutes to 2 hours, it leads to the infection of the mammary gland with the microflora causing its inflammation.The study of the effectiveness of using FORTICEPT UDDER FORTE after milking treatment of cow's doses was performed in comparison with other existing agents: on the basis of chlorhexidine and iodine.The use of FORTICEPT UDDER FORTE for post-milking treatment of cow's dug reduces their incidence by subclinical mastitis by 30–40%.The therapeutic efficacy of using FORTICEPT UDDER FORTE in cows in the first experimental group was 20.1% higher than the other animals (chlorhexidine-based agent) and 13% in the third group (iodine-based).
Ріст і розвиток організму кролів за випоювання сполук силіцію
Authors: Ivanitskaya A.I. , Lesyk Ya.V. , Kropyvka S.Y. , Hoivanovych N.K.
Published: November 2017

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of putting up for 58 days life of various amounts of nanosilicon citrate infusion obtained by the method using nanotechnology and metasilicate sodium, on the growth and development of the body of the rabbits of the Hyla 110 of the diurnal age. The rabbits of the control group fed without restriction a balanced granulated feed with free access to water. Animals of the experimental groups I, II and III fed feed of the control group's diet and, during the day, dispensed the citrus application, accounting for 25; 50 and 75 μg Si/kg body weight. The females of the IV and V experimental groups feed the diet of the control group and set the sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3H2O) with water in an amount of 2.5 and 5.0 mg Si/kg body weight, respectively. The trial lasted 68 days, including a preparatory period of 10 days, an experimental one of 58 days. On the 110-th day of life, animals of all groups were killed to determine the mass indices of carcasses, internal organs and skin. Exposure of nanosilicon citrate to animals in the I, II, and III experimental groups during 58 days was characterized by an increase in body weight of 4.0; 9.5 and 8.9%, while the use of sodium metasilicate in IV and V groups increased by 3.1 and 4.2% compared with the control group. The carcass weight correlation was correlated with body weight and in animals of groups ІІ and ІІІ, respectively, was higher by 10.6 and 9.0%, while in other experimental groups it was greater in the range from 2.4 to 2.9% compared with control. Research on the development of the body of rabbits indicated a tendency to a higher level of body mass index and internal organs in animal experimental groups than in the control, although the more pronounced differences were in rabbits I–III groups, which were deposited on nanosilicon citrus application. Ribbons infusion of citrate in comparison with metasilicate of sodium and control group, to a greater extent influenced the mass of the skin and the mass of the liver, which was reflected in an increase (P < 0.05) of their mass on 110 days of life. The use of an organic compound of silicon in the amount of 50 and 75 μg Si/kg of body weight, during 58 days, contributed to the activation of metabolic processes in the skin. Perhaps higher (P < 0.05) indices of the thickness of the dermis and subcutaneous fat and the total thickness of the skin of rabbits compared with the control group were established. The conducted studies showed more pronounced positive effects on the growth and development of the body of rabbits of the organic compound of silicon in the amount of 50 and 75 μg Si/kg body weight in comparison with its inorganic compound and control group.
Поширення та причини захворювань кінцівок у великої рогатої худоби
Authors: Mysak A.R. , Krupnyk Y.G. , Tsisinska G.V. , Dudchak I.P. , Lenjo Y.M.
Published: November 2017

Frequent cases of limb disease in cattle constitute a significant economic and veterinary problem. In most pathological processes are localized in the distal part of the limb. So in cases of dairy complexes cases of lesions of tissues of fingers in cows is 20–25%; in particular, the ulcer of Rostergolts is diagnosed at 15–65%.It is known that in the pathogenesis of purulent-inflammatory processes in the distal part of the limbs in cows play the association of fungi and bacteria possessing keratolytic properties.In the structure of limb diseases, diseases of the infectious and non-infectious origin of joints occupy a significant place. Depending on the conditions of retention, the incidence of arthritis can range from 3 to 12%. The causes of diseases are, for the most part, a high level of injury, sensitization of the body, caused by antigenic loading and reduced immunological reactivity of the organism.Cases of the disease in arthritis of infectious etiology are especially frequent in calves. And, quite often, in the presence of prenatal infection in newborn calves, cases of  polyarthritis is occurring.Arthritis processes of non-contagious etiology are often recorded especially in conditions of malnutrition due to the lack of mineral substances and vitamins (in the first place vitamin D) and lack of active exercise. In this case, the pathological process, as a rule, acquires signs of osteochondrosis and is recorded mainly in the multistory of their layer joints with a tight articulation of their separate layers (wrist, wrists). Such a defeat is often interpreted as an arthrosis which is false.Chronic insecticidal processes in the joints, the basis of which pathogenesis is dystrophic-degenerative changes in cattle for osteodystrophy are found in all animals. It was set up that the manifestation of the disease can be both in clinical and subclinical forms. Clinically, the disease manifests itself as a violation of the static and dynamic functions of the limbs, an increase in the value of individual joints, a decrease in productivity, and so on. The basis of the subclinical form of the disease is the damage to subchondral bone tissue and cartilage. In some farms, animals are tied up, especially at the end of the winter-stool period, Osteochondrosis (osteochondropathy), including a subclinical form, can cover up to 100% of the livestock population. After all, in the development of pathology, in addition to the generally recognized etiological factors of osteodystrophy (lack of Ca, P, vitamin D), the importance of a set of a number of factors. In particular, the following factors influence on the occurrence of diseases of the limbs in cattle, such as: feeding conditions, content, environment, seasonality, age and physiological state of the animal, concomitant diseases and genetic predisposition. Violations and changes in the latter may cause disease of the limbs of a mass character, which leads to significant economic losses.
Проблеми захворювань молочної залози та перспективи розробки нових протимаститних препаратів
Authors: Kushnir I.M. , Murska S.D.
Published: November 2017

Mastitis (Mastitis) is a polyethiological disease, which in most cases (95‒98%) occurs and develops as a result of ingestion of pathogenic microflora in the udder tissue, in particular staphylococci, streptococci, E. coli etc. Diseases of the mammary gland of cows cause significant economic losses to farms of different forms of property, which consist in not getting milk, reducing its quality and crayfish cows, in the first place high-yielding. In addition, the use of milk from cows sick for mastitis threatens the health of people, which is unacceptable.Mastitis occur in both high-yielding and low-productive animals, both, during lactation and in the dry period, regardless of the period of the year. The most widespread, out of all the diseases registered in large dairy commodities, tribal and farms with different forms of ownership is mastitis. Cows most often suffer from mastitis in the first days of the postnatal period, or 10‒15 days after calving, as well as in the period of intense lactation.We emphasize that the creation of new and improved existing anti-mastics preparations, as a rule, are done through the development of multicomponent preparations, which include several active substances from different classes of chemical compounds, which must complement each other in the spectrum of antimicrobial activity.Owing to this, there is a need for advanced research on the creation of more effective anti-mastitis preparations, while those which would not leave residues in tissues and products.Taking into account all abovementioned, the microbiological studies were conducted on 29 samples of milk from cows suffering from clinical and subclinical mastitis in the detection of pathogens. In particular, it was found that for the clinical form of the mastitis, the most commonly isolated monoculture was Staphylococcus aureus (33.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (29.4%), and in the association of Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus (22.5%). In the subclinical form of mastitis, the following cultures were identified in the association: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (41.6%); Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis (30.4%) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (24.1%).
Характеристика сучасних методів визначення сирого протеїну у кормах та рослинній сировині
Authors: Kuchnir G.V. , Levytzkiy Т.R. , Ryvak G.P. , Kurylas L.V. , Vilha O.M. , Fedor G.Y.
Published: November 2017

Todays in laboratory and manufacturing practice of veterinary medicine of Ukraine, for the detertimations of raw protein in feed and in plant raw are used as classic and as modern methods depending from the aim and the task of research. Thats why the article describes the modern methods of the determination of content of nitrogen and the calculation of raw protein in feeds for animals and in plant materials, in particular, photometric, classical – Kjeldahl method, modern – Dumas and spectrometric methods (the method of infrared spectrometry in the near range (NIR-spectrometry). Despite of the facts, that the Kjeldahl method remains generally accepted in the determination of the protein and is most often used in research, but the modern methods – the Dumas method and NIR-spectrometry are widely adopted in laboratory practice. The main advantage of these methods is the speed of the analysis (the one definition takes only a few minutes), practically there is no sample preparation, and the most important is that the toxic chemicals and catalysts are not used.Thus, despite the fact that the Kjeldahl method remains generally accepted in the determination of the protein, and it is most frequently used in research, but modern methods, the Dumas method and NIR-spectrometry, are widely implemented in laboratory practice. The main advantage of these methods is the speed of conducting the analysis (one definition only takes a few minutes), there is practically no sample preparation, and most importantly, toxic chemicals and catalysts are not used.
Використання колпоцитоскопії для визначення оптимального часу осіменіння у нутрій
Authors: Katsemba N.V. , Skliarov P.M.
Published: November 2017

The article is devoted to the finding a way to determine optimal time for insemination of nutria. This gives an opportunity to improve reproduction what will improve profitability of nutrition as an animal industry.Known for today’s ways to determine optimal time for insemination of nutria have shortcomings, what limits their use. To this end we tested vaginal cystoscopy (colposcopy). This method is not so expensive, it is simple and easy to use. It allows you to define a clear relationship between cytological picture of vaginal smears and hormonal status in a specific period of the sexual cycle.We installed, that in the picture of vaginal smears from the beginning to the middle of proestrus, we can see erythrocytes and parabasal cells, which have a large nucleus, which occupies almost half of the cytoplasm. With a growing level of estrogens instead of basal cells appear intermediate cells reduces the numbers of erythrocytes.During the transition period of the proestrus stage to the estrus stage vaginal swab is characterized by reducing the number of intermediate cells and increase in the number of surface cells. Also we can see non-nuclear cells. Clearly it is visible contours of cells. The appearance of surface cells coincides with the stage of ovulation of the sexual cycle.The same picture of vaginal swab with lots of surface cells we can see in second, sometimes on third day after childbirth. So, the first two days after childbirth is conductive to fertilization period in nutria.In the end of estrus the vaginal swab has changes again: appear epithelial cells with a small nucleus, also we can see many leucocytes.So, the one of the main characteristics of vaginal swab in the period of ovulation in nutria is appearance of non-nuclear surface cells with clear contours and semitransparent cytoplasm. In the development perspective the use of colposcopy to assess the condition of the fetus and the course of pregnancy for further develop methods of diagnosis and prevention of pathologies in ante-, intra- and postnatal periods of development of nutrias puppies.
Вплив уведеного сухостійним коровам трутенату на вміст цинку, купруму і мангану в крові, материнській частині плаценти і перебіг отелення
Authors: Kruty S.I.
Published: November 2017

In the experiment carried out on three groups of dry cows 6 goals in each, the influence of introducing of Trutenat to them on the content of Zincum, Cuprum and Mangan in carunculs of the placenta maternal part and the course of calving researched. The drug is not introduced to cows of control groups, the first group with course of physiological calving and the third at detention of the placenta, and the second group was injected three times at intervals of 7 days, were injected subcutaneously Trutenat in a dose of 7 ml/100 kg of body weight. At all cows throughout 30–45 minutes after birth of the calf we exterpited 2 caruncles, in which we determined the mineral content. The level fluctuation of the test substances in carunculs depending on the current third stage of calving set. The concentration of Zincum in carunculs of cows during the detention of the placenta is higher than in cows of the second (experimental) and the first (control) groups, and Cuprum is lower compared to the first and the second control group, Mangan – below relative to both control groups.The physiological calving courses with different concentration of Zn (61.45 ± 1.34 μmol/l), Cu (0.73 ± 0.1 μmol/l) and Mn (213.3 ± 2.7 μmol/l) in carunculs of the placenta maternal part. The second stage of calving of all cows was within the physiological framework without rendering assistance, ranged from 57 to 85 minutes and amounted 67.5 minutes to an average.Depending on the duration of the third stage of calving we determined the relationship of the studied mineral substances between their levels in blood and maternal parts of the placenta. On the pathology of the third stage of calving in cows blood in the first stage the level of Zinc amounted to 134.15 µg%, Cuprum –90.8 µg %, Mangan –to 3.7 µg%. Separation of the placenta lasted longer for 20–22 hours.
Ефективність аерозольного внутрішньоматкового препарату «Метразол-біо» при ендометриті у корів
Authors: Sachuk R.N. , Kulinich O.V. , Katsaraba O.A.
Published: November 2017

In the study of obstetric-gynecological pathology in cows of experimental farms, it was determined that endometritis is 28,2% in the overall structure of the diseases. The peak disease incidence of cows is recorded at the end of the winter (standstill) period (32,2%), the lowest percentage of registered pathologies - the end of the summer-pasturing period (2,7%), which is due to inobservance with sanitary-hygienic maintenance requirements (feeding, exercise, insolation). A new scheme of treatment of endometritis with the use of the drug «Metrazol-bio» is proposed, which includes chlorhexidine bichluconate, dexpanthenol and Taurian worm's essential oil, a combination of which has a synergistic effect. It was established that intrauterine application of the aerosol preparation «Metrazol-bio» in combination with subcutaneous injections of the proparanil-containing uterotonical drug «Uterodevu» reduces the treatment period by 4 days, shows reduction of the service period by 18,57±6 days and reduces the index of insemination of cows at 0,4 times as compared with control animals receiving conventional therapy: «Chlorhexidine bigliuconate 0,05%» and the hormonal drug «Oxytocin». The increase in hemoglobin content was noted at 17,9%, the number of red blood cells – 38,1%, and the reduction of leukocytes – 29,8% in blood, compared with the traditional method of treatment. Further research will be aimed at the clinical trial of the drug «Metrazol-bio» in the treatment of cervicitis and vaginitis of cows.
Біоморфологія м’язів, діючих на плечовий суглоб чорнодзьобої гагари
Authors: Melnyk O.O. , Melnyk M.V.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the results of studies of the biomorphological features of muscles acting on shoulder joint of some representatives of order Gaviiformes. Shoulder joint is a multifaceted joint, movements of which are provided not only by the muscles of the shoulder joint itself, but also some muscles of the shoulder girdle and elbow joint. It should be noted that the main muscles of the flight of birds are muscles of the shoulder girdle, in particular: thoracic and m. supracoracoideus. Also important are some of the muscles of the elbow, in particularm.coraco-radialis and m. scapula-triceps This is confirmed both by the points of fixation, and the degree of their development.The degree of development and differentiation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint is different, which is due to the peculiarities of the wing operation during the flight, and in waterfowl – peculiarities of underwater swimmingusing wings. The aim of this biomorphological study was understanding of development degree, and the main, mechanisms of differentiation and transformation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint of birds adapted to the aquatic habitat.Material for research was obtained from the funds of the Department of anatomy of Animals named after acad. V.G. Kasyanenko of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, where the muscle structures of the shoulder joint were studied on  black-tailed gagar Gavia immer in number of 3 individuals. Birds of Gaviiformes order are characterized by a rapid, but little maneuverable flight. They are extremely well adapted to the aquatic environment and spend most of their lives in the water, leaving on land only during breeding. These birds perfectly swim and dive, and during diving use not only the pelvic fins but also the wings. This, in turn, imposes certain imprints on the degree of development and differentiation of the studied muscle groups. It was found that among the studied groups of muscles (shoulder girdle, shoulder and elbow joints) the most developed group of muscles is shoulder girdle – 86%. The muscle groups of the elbow – 8.5% and the shoulder – 5.4% of the joints are significantly less. In addition, for the first time, we have found that the largest in its development among all the muscles examined - the thoracic muscle (the group of muscles of the shoulder girdle) has significant differences in comparison with other species of birds. These differences consist in the fact that this muscle is clearly differentiated into two separate layers, in fact two separate muscles – superficial and deep, most of which are developed superficial. Such a differentiation is due to biomorphological adaptations to the habitat.
Якісний склад молока голштинських корів залежно від паратипових і генотипових факторів
Authors: Milostiviy R.V. , Karlova L.V. , Sanzhara R.A.
Published: November 2017

Studied level of milk production and milk quality of Holstein breed depending on origin and linear conditioning animals. Found that the largest average daily milk production of cow enough adult Danish, German and Hungarian origin surpassed the requirements of the standard breed at 7.9; 8.8 and 6.9 kg or 32.5; 29.7 and 35.1%. Their daughter exceeded breed standard at 9.2; 8.8 and 11.1 kg or 36.1; 36.0 and 40.5%, respectively.On the content of fat in milk breed standard (3.6%) match only imported cows and their daughter of Danish and German breeding. However, the import of cows from the Danish, German and Hungarian origin protein content in milk was below the standard of the breed to 0.2; 0.4 and 0.2%; animals first generation on this indicator inferior requirement standard 0.1, respectively; 0.5 and 0.8%. The fat content in the milk turned out to be higher in imported cows and their daughters Starbuck line 352790.79 (3.6 and 3.7%). On the content of protein in milk cows imported lines have supremacy Bella 1667366.74 (3.1%). Moderately high content of this component in milk observed in cows patriotic line generation Eleveyshn 1491007.65 (3.2%). The most nutritious milk from cows imported turned out to line Cheef 1427381.62 (61.2 kcal/100 g). They also differed with significant content of nonfat milk solids (8.42%). Starbuck’s daughter 352790.79 surpassed their mothers on the content of the skimmed milk residue (8.45%) is water.High in lactose different imported cows lines Cheef 1427381.62 and Bella 1667366.74 (4.63%). in turn, the only daughter of the Starbuck 352790.79 line proved to be the best on the content of milk sugar.The data obtained is cut off the opportunity to conduct breeding work to improve desired traits.
Спосіб терапії кролів за гонадодистрофії
Authors: Naumenko S. , Koshevoy V.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the results of gonadodystrophy therapy method in rabbits. Studies were carried out on sexually mature rabbits, which belonged to private farms in the Kharkov region. Our method of diagnosis and therapy of gonadodystrophy included clinical-andrological, biochemical (protein, vitamin A, dynamics of prooxidant-antioxidant status), thermographic and ultrasonographic studies, with the appearance of postocytopathograms and the use of computer programs. Method of treatment involves oral administration of the drug «Karafand+OV», which contains carotenoids, phytoandrogens and gadolinium orthovanadate nanoparticles activated by europium. We have determined the pharmacotherapeutic effectiveness of the drug «Karafand+OV». After administration to rabbits, the concentration of vitamin A increased significantly by 1.68 times; positive changes were detected in the dynamics of the prooxidant-antioxidant status: the concentration of malate dialdehyde in serum and erythrocytes decreased, the concentration of catalase in serum and erythrocytes increased significantly. In addition, the positive effect of the drug on the structure and function of the testicles was noted: the diameters of the convoluted tubules and the area of the interstitial tissue increased; increased the number of Leydig cells, increased the area of cells and their nuclei; the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio has increased. Characteristic were changes in the post-cytogram of rabbits, so after the drug administration, the number of epithelial cells, leukocytes and microorganisms decreased. The ratio of epithelial cells and leukocytes was approximately the same, but the ratio of epithelial cells to normal structure in dystrophic ones changed. The histological cuts of the testes of the rabbit control group recorded a decrease in the number of tubules, their overgrowth, disintegration, dystrophy and desquamation of epithelial cells. In the testes of rabbits of the experimental group, an increase in the number of tubules was noted, and no dystrophic processes were noted. The program of therapy of rabbits with gonadodystrophy proved to be quite effective. The drug «Karafand+OV» rehabilitates the structure and activates the function of testes, which as a whole normalizes reproductive ability of males and allows to offer it for use in practical veterinary medicine.
Оцінка безпечності кормової добавки Ліатоксил для курчат-бройлерів
Authors: Levytskyy T.R.
Published: November 2017

The research was conducted on the basis of the vivarium of the State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Preparations and Feed Additives. To carry out researches, a feed additive of Lyophthixil produced by Sanofort-P was used. Feed supplement Lytaxyl is a powder of gray color with a specific odor. The composition of the feed supplement includes zeolite, bentonite, silicon oxide, fumaric acid, citric acid, and succinic acid. Research liatoksil feed additive on the safety for the target species – to broiler chickens. Research conducted by 30 heads of broiler chickens of 8-day age of which was formed three groups of 10 goals each. The total duration of the experiment – 35 days. Scheme trials included three groups: a control group that received no feed additives; the first experimental group that received the recommended dose; second experimental group that received feed supplement at a dose which is 10 times the recommended dose. For targets were: the general state bird, bird preservation, hematological parameters. At the end of the experiment studied the internal organs. As a result of studies found that the introduction of a feed additive Liatoksil feed for broiler chickens at a dose of 20 g/kg of feed has no negative influence on the general condition, survival, growth and development, hematological indices and state of the internal organs of broiler chickens. Feed additive liatoksil has a sufficient margin of safety and is safe for broiler chickens five times the recommended dose.
Необхідність удосконалення системи моніторингу токсикантів в Україні
Authors: Nazar B.I.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the main methodological approaches and criteria for the necessity of development and introduction of the State Toxicological Monitoring of Forms in Ukraine, including GMOs, taking into account the requirements for sampling, criteria for determining its periodicity, risk analysis, requirements for testing laboratories.The main components and goals of the complex system of state monitoring of sources of GMOs in feed, feed additives, premixtures for farm animals and poultry are presented. The main methodical approaches and criteria for the development and implementation of the State monitoring of feed in the GMO content in Ukraine are given, taking into account the requirements for the selection of samples, the determination of the frequency of their selection, and the analysis of risks at all stages of the chain «production – consumption».Implementation of toxicological monitoring, including monitoring of sources of GMOs in feeds, will ensure awareness, and in the future ensure the protection of human, animal and natural environment, will create conditions for the safe practical use of GMOs for economic purposes, prevent uncontrolled use of GMO sources feed.
Структура та поширеність поліорганної патології корів післяродового періоду
Authors: Zubkov O.O. , Skliarov P.M.
Published: November 2017

Among the diseases of the postpartum period, the most common are ketosis, hypo-luteolysis, subinvolution of the uterus, hypocalcemia, delayed afterbirth and endometritis. These pathologies exert the greatest influence on the further course of lactation and may even call into question the further productive use of animals. To date, there is a lot of information about these diseases separately, and very few people pay attention to the combination of ketosis-endometritis, endometritis-hypoluteolysis and ketosis-endometritis-hypoluteolysis as a polyorganis pathology. In connection with the foregoing, the aim of the work was to determine the structure and prevalence of multi-organ pathology of postpartum cows in the conditions of a particular farm.The total number of 290 cows of the postpartum period was subject to research. Of these, obstetric pathologies were detected in 230 animals (79%), including ketosis of 23 head (8%), endometritis – 38 head (13%), hypoluteolysis – 35 head (12%) and concomitant diseases: ketosis endometritis – 55 head (19%), ketosis-hypoluteolysis – 29 heads (10%), endometritis-hypoluteolysis – 29 heads (10%) and ketosis-endometritis-hypoluteolysis – 20 heads (7%).Thus, only 21% of the total herd of cows were clinically healthy, 8% ‒ had ketosis, 12% had ‒ hypolyteolysis, and 13% had ‒ endometritis. Diagnosis for diorgan pathology of endometritis-hypoluteolysis and ketosis-hypoluteolysis was established in 10%, ketosis-endometritis in 19%. The multi-organ pathology of ketosis-endometritis-hypoluteolysis was recorded in 7% of animals.
Prevalence of bipolar disorder in a sample of older adults
Authors: Bisol Luísa Weber , Porciúncula Letícia Rodrigues , Mello Elisa Fasolin , Nogueira Eduardo Lopes , Gomes Irênio , Cataldo Neto Alfredo
Published: November 2017

***Prevalence of bipolar disorder in a sample of older adults***AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of bipolar disorder in a sample of older adults and to examine associated socio-demographic and clinical factors.METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based study of individuals aged 60 years or older registered with the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, selected randomly from 30 different basic health units. Participants were subjected to diagnostic assessment for bipolar disorder and suicide risk using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus 5.0.0. Categorical variables were described as absolute and relative frequencies. Quantitative variables were expressed as means and standard deviations. The Pearson chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used as appropriate to evaluate potential associations between the independent variables suicide attempt and risk of suicide. To control for possible confounders and assess variables independently associated with the outcome of interest, the strength association among different risk factors was assessed by means of prevalence ratios, which were estimated with a controlled Poisson model or multivariate Poisson regression. The significance level was set at 5% (p≤0.05).RESULTS: The sample comprised 550 older adults. The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder in the sample was 5.8% and the point prevalence was 1.5%. In those with bipolar disorder, 59.4% were type I and 40.6% type II. Significant associations were observed between bipolar disorder regardless of type and female gender (prevalence rate [PR] 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.81), living with a partner (PR 2.52, 95%CI 1.21-5.24), history of suicide attempt (PR 3.16, 95%CI 1.53-6.25), and suicide risk (PR 2.98, 95%CI 1.47-6.06). When analyzed each type of bipolar disorder, statistically significant associations were found between age under 70 years and type I bipolar disorder; having companion and type II bipolar disorder; and risk of suicide was associated with both types of bipolar disorder.CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the type of bipolar disorder, women and those living with a partner were more affected. History of suicide attempts and suicide risk were more frequent in elderly subjects with bipolar disorder than in those without the disorder.