bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-gripping lightweight polyester mesh in open inguinal hernia repair in the Philippines: a long term followup study
Authors: Lawenko Michael M. , Yuga Amabelle O. , Dayacap Alyanna , Regala John Paul Allen , Canones Arlyn R.
Published: September 2018

Background: Feasibility of using the self-gripping mesh in open repair of inguinal hernia in the Philippines in terms of recurrence rate, postoperative pain, operating factors and postoperative surgical complications.Methods: Prospective observational study using of a self–gripping polyester mesh (TEM1208GR Parietex ProGripTM). Operative time and mesh deployment time were recorded. Assessment at 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery for postoperative complications and pain score. Recurrence assessed one-week post op then phone interview one and two years after surgery.Results: There were 95 participants with 99 hernias from September 2011 to March 2014. Eighty-nine participants (93.7%) were male with average age of 43 years SD ±18 (15-81). Of the 91 patients with unilateral hernia, 50 (54.9%) were right-sided. Mean deployment time was 145.33 seconds SD±38.55 (30-240). Mean operating time was 77.59 minutes SD 73.64±(22-480). Mean pain score of the patients at 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively are 3 SD±2.69 (0-10), 2.91 SD±2.35 (0-9) and 2.25 SD±2.06 (0-10). Intraoperative bleeding occurred two cases (2%), seroma in one patient (1%). Five cases of inguinal numbness one year after surgery; and four of them resolved spontaneously within the second year after surgery. No recurrence in 2 years-followup.Conclusions: The use of a self-gripping mesh is feasible and safe in the Philippine setting with no recurrence after a 2 year-followup.
A clinical study of platelet rich plasma versus conventional dressing in management of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Prakasam Nithyaraj , M.S. Prabakar , S. Reshma , K. Loganathan , K. Senguttuvan
Published: September 2018

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers continue to pose significant global issue despite the advances made in the management of diabetes. It causes major foot complications if they are not addressed properly. It needs multidisciplinary approach for its care. While several advancements has taken place in wound care management, platelet rich plasma and stem cell therapy promises to offer a new hope in its management, aiding in cellular and tissue regeneration. The purpose of the present study was to compare Platelet-Rich Plasma versus conventional dressing in the management of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: This prospective study was focused on 20 diabetic foot ulcers, carried out in a surgical unit of ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, from January 2018 to June 2018. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A received conventional ordinary dressing (N=10, 50%) and Group B received PRP dressing (N = 10, 50%). The mean follow-up period was 8 weeks.Results: The estimated time of wound healing was 8 weeks and healing was found to be more effective for patients in group B compared to patients in group A; the PRP group was found to be more effective in wound healing with fewer complications, less infection, exudates and pain.Conclusions: There have been considerable advances in the use of PRP in therapeutic processes in recent years in tissue regeneration therapy. PRP is a powerful tool for the treatment of chronic wounds and very promising for diabetic foot wounds; PRP enables healing, and reduces amputation rates, infection and exudates.
A study of complications of temporary ileostomy in cases of acute abdomen with ileal perforation and obstruction
Authors: Choudhury Chandan Roy , Bhutia Tshering Doma , Bose Bodhisattva
Published: September 2018

Background: Construction of a gastrointestinal stoma is a frequently performed surgical procedure. Although formation of defunctioning loop ileostomy is usually a straightforward procedure, there is an appreciable complication rate. The purpose of the research was to study the complications, outcome associated with temporary ileostomy and to study the complications related to its closure.Methods: Institutional based observational study using prospective data collection large ileal perforations covering more than one third of the circumference, or gangrenous change or severe adhesions and old perforations with presence of peritoneal contamination were included in the study. 50 patients were included in the study. Clinical, intra-operative, biochemical parameters with stomal and peristomal complications and tissue histopathology were assessed in the study.Results: The commonest aetiology for which stoma was performed enteric perforation (44%) whereas perforation was the commonest aetiology for which stoma was performed (64%) apart from gangrene and other aetiologies. The commonest post-operative complication encountered was skin excoriation (64%). Most of the the complications encountered post operatively were statistically significant when correlated with aetiology and duration of presentation.Conclusions: Although being bothersome, loop ileostomy is still a live saving procedure. Complications of stoma could be managed conservatively with the application of proper user-friendly stoma appliances and it is of paramount importance that ileostomies are properly sited. Before closure of ileostomy it is essential to be careful of operative biopsy report showing non-specific inflammation. Preference of surgeons in the present day to perform ileostomy in emergency setting is increasing.
Study of carcinoma breast in women under 40 years of age
Authors: Borkar Mrinalini Milind , Quraishi Abdul M. , Jannawar Gaurav
Published: September 2018

Background: Carcinoma breast is the commonest malignancy in females worldwide. Although a disease of postmenopausal age, occurrence in young age is a poor prognostic factor. Hence this study was undertaken to study clinical presentation, extent of disease, treatment modalities, histopathological typing and grading of carcinoma breast in females upto 40 years and to compare tumor characteristics between very young (≤30 years) and young (30- 40 years) patients.Methods: This was a hospital based observational study conducted at Department of Surgery, GMC Nagpur, from July 2009 to November 2011. All cytologically or histologically proven cases of carcinoma breast in females ≤40 years of age giving consent were included. All the patients were evaluated by detailed clinical evaluation and investigated, treated with different modalities according to clinical stage and were followed up for a period of two months. Data was collected and tabulated into a master sheet and statistical tests were applied to test the significance of association.Results: Mean age was 35.24 years (19-40 years), 12 patients being under 30 years (very young). Mean duration of presentation 3.08 months. Mean lump size was 5.32 cm, 56% had lump >5 cm. Only 1/3rd of patients had EOBC, 2/3rd had LOBC/LABC. FNAC was 87% sensitive, ER positivity was low. All patients received multimodality treatment, 84% underwent mastectomy and none underwent BCT. We report two deaths. Very young group showed more incidence of node positivity, advanced stage of the disease and positive margin of resected specimen than young age group but had no significant difference with respect to tumor size and histopathological characteristics. Nulliparity, breast feeding and protective effect of early age at 1st pregnancy when were independently tested in operable and advanced staged cancer groups no statistically significant association was found.Conclusions: Carcinoma of breast in young females, although less common, is an aggressive disease. In India more patients present in advanced stage precluding BCT. Early diagnosis can improve outcome.
A prospective descriptive study to evaluate the impact of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients who require nutritional support
Authors: Sunny Ann , N. S. Venkatanarasimhan , Kumar Anil
Published: September 2018

Background: Patients who are unable to consume orally often require some form of nutritional support. Enteral is always better than the parenteral route. Enteral feeds via traditional nasogastric tube or nasojejunal route have been used for short term feeding but for long term management of these patients percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is a better option. It does not require an operating room and has less morbidity associated with it.Methods: We did a prospective descriptive study to look at the role of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in providing nutritional support to patients and the morbidity associated with this procedure.Results: In this study, 83% of the patients needed PEG for head and neck cancers prior to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Most of our patients had no complications due to the procedure (70%). There was only one major complication of necrotizing fasciitis, the rest were all minor complications. The nutritional parameters checked at the beginning and at the end of the study were not statistically significant, for example weight, serum albumin and hemoglobin but all these parameters of the study patients were stable.Conclusions: Authors found that long-term enteral feeding via PEG is a safe, effective, easy-to-apply, and highly acceptable method with minimal complications.
Challenges in management of blunt abdominal trauma: a prospective study
Authors: P. N. Rajkumar , T. R. Kushal Kumar , G. Deepak
Published: September 2018

Background: Trauma meets the pandemic criteria, with a daily worldwide mortality as high as 16000. Abdominal trauma remains a leading cause of mortality in all age groups. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) mainly results from motor vehicle accident, fall from height and assaults. The commonest organ injured is the spleen, followed by the liver and small bowel. Lately, the management of BAT has changed from operative to non-operative management. This study was done to analyse the incidence, patterns, current management practiced, and challenges encountered in BAT treated operatively.Methods: This Prospective study was conducted in tertiary care centre in Bangalore during August 2015 to December 2017. 475 patients with blunt abdominal injuries who reported to emergency department were selected for the study based on following inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: A total of 475 cases of BAT were assessed with a mean age of males and females was 32.6 and 28.3year respectively. Most patients (65%) were between 21 to 30 years of life. Most common mode of injury was motor vehicle accident (57.68%), 60% patients presented to hospital within the initial 4 hours. Abdominal CT had highest accuracy. Most common solid organ injury being spleen (26.5%). 80.84% patients were selected for SNOM and 15.62% had Failed SNOM. 28.48% patients had complications with most common complication wound infection followed by aspiration pneumonia and 7 patients had mortality.Conclusions: Initial resuscitation with thorough clinical examination with correct usage of imaging modalities with timely and proper decision making is the key of management of patients with BAT and there is a need to identify newer imaging modality/procedure which helps to determine better management scheme in all blunt trauma patients.
A clinical study of outcome of various dressings in management of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: A. Khalilur Rahman , Krishnaswamy Jawahar , Sattar Reshma
Published: September 2018

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are a prevalent and serious global health issue. Dressings form a key part of ulcer treatment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of various dressings in management of diabetic foot among the patients with diabetic foot ulcer.Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in a surgical unit of Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, from February 2015 January 2017. All patients were allocated randomly into four groups – Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D which corresponded to saline, povidone-iodine, metronidazole and eusol dressing respectively. Data was collected by history taking, clinical examination, and follow up of the cases. All patients underwent daily surgical wound debridement and dressing. The results were collected, analyzed and compared.Results: total of 83 patients were evaluated age ranged between 20 to 80 years with maximal clustering between 51-60 years of age. Male to female ratio was 2:1. Poor glycemic control and diabetes for more than 5 – 10 years increase the risk of foot ulcer. Usage of Povidone Iodine, Eusol and Metronidazole did not offer any healing benefit when compared to normal saline dressing.Conclusions: Early diagnosis, proper management like bed rest, adequate surgical wound debridement and non-irritant dressing is the mainstay of treatment for diabetic foot ulcer without ischemia. Since diabetic foot has a multi factorial origin, multi-disciplinary approach forms the backbone for the management of diabetic foot.
A comparative study on surgical site infection in cases of open and laparoscopic appendicectomy
Authors: Pandey Priyansh , Swarnkar Manish M. , Jain S. C.
Published: September 2018

Background: Diagnosis of acute appendicitis is mostly based on clinical features pointing towards appendicitis. Several biochemical parameters, such as the white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophil percentage, are currently used to aid clinical diagnosis.  Without immediate surgery, appendicitis may progress to perforation of the appendix. This study was carried out to determine rate of SSI in open versus laparoscopic appendicectomy for acute appendicitis and to identify independent risk factors for SSI.Methods: Appendicitis is a common cause of pain in right iliac fossa worldwide. The present study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi, Wardha, from August 2015 to July 2017. This study was conducted after the due clearance from Institutional Ethical committee. Total 132 patients admitted to the surgery ward with acute lower abdominal pain with clinical features of acute appendicitis on clinical examination, were studied prospectively.Results: In the present study, maximum patients were seen in less than 20 years of age and next commonest age group of presentation was 21-30 years. The male to female sex ratio was 1:1.3 in the laparoscopic appendectomy group while in the open appendectomy group was 1.81:1. The incidence of complicated intra-operative findings and mean white blood cell count was more in the open appendectomy group. The mean operative time, days for use of analgesics, time taken to return to soft diet and length of hospital stay for laparoscopic appendectomy group was less than the open appendectomy group. There were more cases of surgical site infection in the patients operated by open approach than laparoscopic approach.Conclusions: Wound class II versus III and NNIS index were found to be significantly associated with surgical site infection.
Breast carcinoma and its relation to risk factor: an institutional study at Government Vellore Medical College, Vellore, India
Authors: N. Rathi Thilagam , P. Anbalagan
Published: September 2018

Background: Breast is the second commonest site involved by cancer in Indian women after cervix. Breast cancer is easily detectable as it is an external organ, but many women fail to present at an early stage and they present in an advanced stage. The present study is a study to assess the risk factors for carcinoma breast patients presenting to government Vellore Medical college.Methods: The present study is a Retrospective study and the study period was between January 2017 to January 2018. The inclusion Criteria were all female patients above 30 years of age reporting with histopathological diagnosis of carcinoma breast. All the risk factors were assessed.Results: The present study focused on age group of 46-50 years who showed increased risk for development of carcinoma breast. The risk factors that were evident from the present study were staging of the disease, early menarche, delayed menopause, first pregnancy at later age. Apart from the above-mentioned risk factors, Nulliparity and non-breast feeding was also evident in the study. In addition, obesity also showed positive results as a risk factor.Conclusions: The high-risk factors for carcinoma breast from present study are early menarche, Late Menopause, Nulliparity, Non-breast feeding, and obesity. Obesity was one of risk factors which should be given importance in rural society too.
A clinical study of surgical management of acute intestinal obstruction
Authors: V. Gayathri , Mali Praveen , H. R. Harindranath
Published: September 2018

Background: Mechanical bowel obstruction remains one of the most common intra-abdominal problems faced by general surgeons in their practice and continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on data obtained from 50 patients who underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intestinal obstruction in Victoria and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016.Results: Adhesions (26%) were found to be the most common cause followed by obstructed hernia (22%). The common age group was 51-60 years. The commonest symptom was abdominal pain followed by vomiting and constipation. The average duration of presentation was 2 days. Strangulation was found in 20% of cases. Mortality rate in the study was 16%.Conclusions: In conclusion, we have found that adhesions are becoming an ever-increasing underlying cause of bowel obstruction. A trend of elective hernia surgery has reduced the number of patients of hernias presenting with obstruction of bowel.
Management of staple line stricture with new laser four quadrant stricturoplasty: a case series
Authors: Porwal Ashwin , Maheshwari Jaya
Published: September 2018

Background: To assess the outcomes of Laser Four Quadrant stricturoplasty surgery in patients with staple line anal stricture post MIPH and STARR surgery.Methods: A prospective observational study was planned with purposive sampling. Cases with staple line stricture during the period February 2014 to July 2015 were included. There were 30 patients included in the study after informed consent and ethical clearance from hospital ethical committee. The data collected was background data, history of previous surgery, duration of Laser Four Quadrant stricturoplasty and Hospital stay, post-operative relief of symptoms and any complications, assessment of pain on VAS up to one year follow up period, overall patients’ satisfaction.Results: Out of 30 patients, 22 anal stricture patients were post STARR surgery and 8 were post MIPH surgery.  The mean surgery and hospitalization duration were 24.48±6.31 minutes and 13.72±4.30 hours respectively. Symptoms reported were Obstructed defecation (n=30), painful evacuation (n=30) and episodes of minor rectal bleeding (n=9). There was significant (p<0.0001) reduction in pain from preoperative 7.13±1.04 to 1.13±0.54, 0.27±0.45, 0.16±0.38 and 0.06±0.25 at baseline (post-operative), day 7, month 1 and month 3 respectively. At the end of one year, 86.67% patient were highly satisfied, 13.33 % were not satisfied. Recurrence was reported by 3 patients within 6 to 10 weeks post-surgery.Conclusions: Laser Four Quadrant Stricturoplasty is an easy and effective surgery for the treatment of staple line stricture with a low recurrence rate.
Self-gripping polyester mesh with absorbable polylactic acid microhook versus polypropylene mesh for open inguinal hernioplasty
Authors: Sindhal Minesh L. , Choksi D. B. , Sarkar Arnab , Sutariya Akshay
Published: September 2018

Background: Inguinal hernias are frequently encountered disease. The hernia surgery has gone through a major evolution from Bassini’s heralding of the modern era to today’s mesh-based open and laparoscopic repair. The Purpose of this study is to compare clinical outcomes following sutureless repair with Self gripping polyester mesh incorporating absorbable polylactic acid microhook (Progrip) to traditional Lichtenstein repair with polypropylene mesh secured with sutures for open inguinal hernioplasty.Methods: 60 patients with diagnosis of inguinal hernia underwent open hernioplasty, after being randomized into two groups, one half of them using Progrip mesh and other group, using Polypropylene mesh over a period of one year at Department of General Surgery at Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad (SSG) Hospital, Baroda. Operative data were recorded, and the patients were followed-up accordingly. Independent assessors were assigned to obtain post-operative pain scores, other secondary outcomes.Results: The present study concluded that Self gripping mesh (ProgripTM) repair is superior to Polypropylene mesh in short term outcomes and in certain long-term outcomes like chronic groin pain.Conclusions: Open Inguinal hernioplasty using Self Gripping mesh (Progrip) mesh has better outcome in terms of operative time, post-operative pain, hospital stay, early return to professional life, and chronic pain.
A study on clinicopathology of fistula in ano
Authors: Phinehas Emil , Parimala Mayandi , Ravishankar Jeyaraj
Published: September 2018

Background: Perianal fistula is a common surgical problem which poses great discomfort to patients and causes prolonged morbidity when improperly managed or developed complications. Its management protocols are ill defined, and the efficacy of newer treatment modalities are not well established. The aim of the study was to study the clinicopathology of Perianal fistula and its prognostic factors.Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital between August 2014 and July 2015. Purposive sampling method was used select patients with fistula in ano. After obtaining informed consent, patient details were collected in pre-tested structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS software.Results: Males between thirty and fifty years were the most affected population. Most of the patients had no co-morbidities while Diabetes Mellitus was the prevalent co-morbid factor, seen especially in the elderly. MRI fistulogram was the investigation of choice. Fistulotomy was the preferred procedure. Recurrence of fistula was an unavoidable morbidity.Conclusions: Proper preoperative evaluation which includes MRI fistulogram and planning the treatment is essential to prevent complications. Fistulotomy is the preferred treatment especially in patients with trans-sphincteric fistula and those with evidence of infection or secondary tract.  The prognosis, if properly managed is very good, so proper management protocols need to be established.
Open versus primary repair following hemorrhoidectomy for Grade III hemorrhoids: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Moghadam Abdul Ghader Barazandeh , Mohammad Shoaibuddin , Khan Bushra
Published: September 2018

Background: The debate on open versus primary closure following haemorrhoidectomy continues to be active.  Despite other methods like doppler guided haemorrhoidal artery ligation, sclerotherapy, cryotherapy, banding; open haemorrhoidectomy is performed at many places. The never-ending discussion on the better choice between open versus primary repair led to the initiation of this work.Methods: This is a prospective comparative study of a contiguous and continuous cohort of 105 cases. Alternate cases were assigned for either of the procedures. Only grade III haemorrhoids were included. Grade I and II haemorrhoids, cases treated earlier and recurrent haemorrhoids were excluded. Multiple parameters like duration of surgery, intraoperative and post-operative bleeding, pain duration and severity, time taken to return to work, use of dressings and sitz bath, wound healing time and stenosis were studied. A blinded statistical analysis was done by a third-party statistician. Results: Primary haemorrhoidectomy took a significantly longer time (P value- 0.0043). Pain was significantly less with open haemorrhoidecomy (P value- 0.0023). Post-operative pain was significant in primary repair. Pain was assessed using visual analogue scale and verbal rating scale. Open haemorrhoidectomy took a significantly longer time to heal (P value: 0.0004) and return to work (P value: 0.0001). Primary repair had stenosis requiring dilatation in a few cases. Statistical analysis was done in all cases. Conclusions: Primary repair seems to be preferred because of shorter duration of recovery despite more pain and occasional anal stenosis.
Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a comparative study
Authors: Chhajed Rahul , Dumbre Ramesh , Fernandes Arun , Phalgune Deepak
Published: September 2018

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now the procedure of choice for patient presenting with acute cholecystitis unless it is contraindicated for technical reason or safety. An attempt was made to compare the outcome and postoperative complications of early vs delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis.Methods: Fifty patients aged 18 to 64 years having acute cholecystitis admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. They were divided into two groups, early (less than 72 hours) and delayed (more than 72 hours up to 6 weeks) laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were followed for three months after the surgery. The primary outcome measures were conversion to open surgery and postoperative complications whereas secondary outcome measures were hospital stay and return to full activity. Comparison of quantitative variables and qualitative variables was done using unpaired student’s “t” test and chi-square test/ Fisher’s exact test respectively.Results: Conversion to open cholecystectomy (p = 0.007) and post-operative complications (p = 0.032) were significantly less in early laparoscopic cholecystectomy group compared to delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. Mean days of hospital stay (4.9 versus 7.4 with p = 0.001) and mean days of return to full activities (12.6 vs 16.3 days with p = 0.001) was significantly less in early laparoscopic surgery group compared to delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. Mean duration of surgery was significantly less in early laparoscopic surgery group as compared to delayed laparoscopic surgery group (69.3 versus 108.5 minutes, with p = 0.001).Conclusions: Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is better choice than delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis.
A comparative study in between tropical honey and povidone dressing in diabetic wounds in a medical college of Northern India
Authors: Yadav Akhilesh Kumar , Dwivedi Sankalp , Desai Siddharth
Published: September 2018

Background: The study was done to compare outcomes with dressings of honey to povidone iodine in the management of diabetic foot ulcers.Methods: The present study was carried out for a period of three years from June 2016 to July 2018 in a medical college of northern India. About 200 patients who presented with features of diabetic foot were selected randomly and included in this study and divided into two groups based upon the subsequent treatment of raw area with honey and povidone- iodine respectively.Results: A total of 200 patients were studied. Group I consist of 100 patients out of which 58 were males and 42 females while in Group II there were 56 males and 44 females. The age range in group I was 46 to 75 years while the age range in group II was 48 to 82 years.  In case of group I time of healing was 7- 75 days with median of 28 while in group II time of healing was 7- 60 days with median of 18 days. In case of group II time of healing was 7-60 days with median of 18 days, hospital stay was 7- 34 days with median of 12 days.Conclusions: In terms of hospital stay, time of healing, allergy to material and need for amputation honey was found to be better than povidone iodine solution for dressing of diabetic foot ulcers.
Correlation of the laboratory risk indicators for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) score with the clinical features and surgical management of necrotizing soft tissue infections
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Garg Raghav , Soni Rajesh Kumar , Namdeo Ratnakar
Published: September 2018

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a devastating soft tissue infection associated with potentially poor outcomes. The Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score has been introduced as a diagnostic tool for NF. We aimed to correlate the clinical features of NSTI with the LRINEC score, its application to distinguish Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) from other non NSTI and its utility in early surgical management of NSTI.Methods: Patients were evaluated for various symptoms and signs at the time of admission and certain laboratory parameters were assessed. LRINEC score was then calculated. Correlation of the management and severity of infections with respective LRINEC score was then found out.Results: LRINEC score for predicting conservative management of NSTI has a sensitivity of 81.8% and specificity of 98% while for predicting amputation and mortality shows a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 84.5%.Conclusions: The LRINEC score is a robust score capable of detecting even clinically early cases of necrotizing fasciitis.
Ectopic lumbar kidney: a rare presentation
Authors: Rizvi Ela Haider , Charokar Kailash , Jain Ajay Kumar
Published: September 2018

Ectopic kidney is a rare developmental anomaly. Such kidneys may be asymptomatic or present with vague symptoms or remain unknown during the lifetime. Early detection and recognition of an ectopic kidney can prevent long-term complications. We report a 70-year-old lady with ectopic right kidney who presented with intermittent episodes of lower abdominal pain since one month 1 month. On clinical evaluation a tender lump was palpable in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Sonography revealed empty right renal fossa with normally present left kidney. A mass was detected in the right lower abdomen, with probability of ectopic kidney. Further, Multislice computed tomography with 3-D reconstruction demonstrated ectopic right kidney at the level of L4 to L5 lumbar vertebrae. Urine examination revealed pyuria. The patient was managed on empirical antibiotics for UTI with supportive and symptomatic therapy. On the next day, clinically the lump regressed significantly (Dietl's crises) in size, and the tenderness also reduced. The urine culture report grew Escherichia coli. Patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, and a palpable lump in the lower abdomen, one must include ectopic kidney in the differential diagnosis.
Hippocampus detection and calculation of its characteristics in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain
Authors:   Center of Information Technologies in Engineering RAS, Marshal Biryuzov Str. 7а, Odintsovo, Moscow region, Russia, 143000, Gridin Vladimir , Truphanov Maxim ,   Center of Information Technologies in Engineering RAS, Marshal Biryuzov Str. 7а, Odintsovo, Moscow region, Russia, 143000, Solodovnikov Vladimir ,   Center of Information Technologies in Engineering RAS, Marshal Biryuzov Str. 7а, Odintsovo, Moscow region, Russia, 143000
Published: September 2018

Hippocampus is the most informative object of the brain for the purpose of detection of Alzheimer's disease signs. This paper presents the approach which was developed for detection of hippocampus and subsequent calculation of its parameters while analyzing the series of images obtained in a sagittal projection by means of a magnetic resonance tomography. This paper introduces the algorithms for detecting the keyframes in the entire series which contain the hippocampus and for identifying the hippocampus among other brain structures. The problems of measuring the volumatric parameters of the hippocampus and calculating its characteristics are considered. These characteristics serve as the basis for instrumental calculation of the signs which characterize the possible presence of Alzheimer's disease.
Correlative features for the classification of textural images
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Turkova Marina , Gaidel Andrey ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: September 2018

The work is aimed to study various correlative image features in order to solve the classification problem of textural images, with further selection of the most informative features for increasing the reliability of classification. In the present paper series of experiments are performed on a set of 4480 real digital images from the open Kylberg Texture Dataset v. 1.0. A set of programs necessary for computations was developed. The autocorrelative image features are calculated, and the approximating coefficients from the regression equation are obtained. Due to the removal of the least informative features, the share of correctly recognized images increased in 1.04 times and amounted to 90.11% for 28 image classes.
Parameterization of the nonlinear interpolator invariant to four directions contours for multidimensional digital signals
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Maksimov Aleksey , Gashnikov Mikhail ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

In this paper, a parameterization of the nonlinear interpolator invariant to four directions contours for the digital signals is described. The interpolator automatically selects one of the possible calculation methods for each signal sample based on the presence of the contour in a sample. Training procedure is performed to calculate the optimal value of the interpolator parameter. A criterion for minimizing the post-interpolation residues energy and a criterion for minimizing of the post-interpolation residues entropy are used to find the optimal value. The proposed interpolator is applied to the task of signal compression and the task of combining heterogeneous signals. In order to examine interpolators, computational experiments are carried out on a test set. The advantage in terms of the quadratic error of suggested interpolator over prototypes is shown.
Context-based method for lossless compression of RGB and multispectral images
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Prospekt Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, 603952, Borusyak Alexander , Pakhomov Pavel ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Prospekt Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, 603952, Vasin Dmitry ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Prospekt Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, 603952, Turlapov Vadim ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Prospekt Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, 603952
Published: September 2018

We consider the problem of compression of RGB and multispectral images by context-based methods. The algorithm' logic allows for its examination by using the example of full-color images as a particular case of multispectral images. The image-forming channels are divided into two groups: main and additional (detecting) channels. A distinguishing feature of the main channels is a significant correlation between neighbors. A number of variants of prediction from the adjacent channel for the main and additional channels for lossless image compression were considered. In the experiment on a series of images of different contents, the proposed algorithm showed a superior compression ratio in comparison with the popular WinRar, 7z, PNG archivers for all prediction variants. The leader among popular compression methods, JPEG-LS, was surpassed in the record configuration 2b on the image from the Landsat series by 40%. We expect to continue research on a wider sample of images and to use this algorithm to compress multispectral images with a greater number of channels.
Greedy algorithms of feature selection for multiclass image classification
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Goncharova Elizaveta , Gaidel Andrey ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: September 2018

To improve the performance of remote sensing images multiclass classification we propose two greedy algorithms of feature selection. The discriminant analysis criterion and regression coefficients are used as the measure of feature subset effectiveness in the first and second methods respectively. The main benefit of the built algorithms is that they estimate not the individual criterion for each feature, but the general effectiveness of the feature subset. As there is a big limitation on the number of real remote sensing images, available for the analysis, we apply the Markov random model to enlarge the image dataset. As the pattern for image modelling, a random image belonging to one of the 7 classes from the UC Merced Land-Use dataset has been used. Features have been extracted with help of MaZda software. As the result, the largest fraction of correctly classified images accounts for 95%. Dimension of the initial feature space consisting of 218 features has been reduced to 15 features, using the greedy strategy of removing a feature, based on the linear regression model.
Land cover classification and build spectral library from hyperspectral and multi-spectral satellite data: A data comparison study in Samara, Russia
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Boori Mukesh ,   American Sentinel University, Suite 310, Aurora, Colorado, USA, Paringer Rustam ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Choudhary Komal ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Kupriyanov Alexander ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Banda Rukmini ,   Research Centre imarat (RCI), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) Hyderabad, India
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research work is to compare hyperspectral and multispectral imagery to discriminating land-cover classes by k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) supervised classification with migrating means clustering unsupervised classification (MMC) method and in last develop spectral library. We used Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Hyperion hyperspectral data to Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Advance Land Imager (ALI) multispectral data. Results indicate that KNN (95, 94, 88 overall accuracy and .91, .89, .85 kappa coefficient for Hyp, ALI, OLI respectively) shows better results than unsupervised classification (93, 90, 84 overall accuracy and .89, .87, .81 kappa coefficient for Hyp, ALI, OLI respectively). In addition, it is demonstrated that the hyperspectral satellite image provides more accurate classification results than those extracted from the multispectral satellite image. The higher classification accuracy by KNN supervised was attributed principally to the ability of this classifier to identify optimal separating classes with low generalization error, thus producing the best possible classes’ separation.
CHARACTERISTIC PROBLEM FOR THE ONE SYSTEM OF HYPERBOLIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF THE THIRD ORDER
Authors: Yakovleva Ju. O.
Published: September 2018

In the paper the well-posed characteristic problem is considered for the hyperbolic differential equation of the third order with nonmultiple characteristics. The regular solution of the characteristic problem for the hyperbolic differential equation of the third order with the nonmultiple characteristics is constructed in an explicit form. The well-posed characteristic problem is considered for one system of hyperbolic differential equations of the third order. The regular solution of the characteristic problem for the one system of hyperbolic differential equations of the third order is constructed. The theorem for the Hadamards well-posedness characteristic problem for the one system of hyperbolic differential equations is considered as the result of the research.
Sternal cable wires for sternal closure in moderately or extremely obese patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: ATA Yusuf , AYDIN Ufuk , AS Ahmet Kağan , ÖZSİN Kadir Kaan , FINDIK Orhan , TÜRK Tamer
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Sternal dehiscence is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery. Our study focused on the efficiency of a sternal cable system combined with conventional steel wires for sternal fixation in patients suffering from moderate or extreme obesity and undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Prospectively collected data from 22 male and 41 female patients (a mean body mass index [BMI] of 37.9 ± 2.5 kg/m2) who underwent major cardiac surgery via median sternotomy and sternal closure using a multifilament sternal cable system were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results: All patients were closed with a conjunction of two sternal cables and two traditional steel wires. There were two mortalities. There were no occurrences of sternal dehiscence or deep mediastinitis. Three patients suffered superficial sternal wound infections. The mean hospitalization time was 8.4 ± 2.5 days. Conclusion: Our study showed that our surgical technique using a sternal cable system in combination with conventional wires decreased the incidence of sternal dehiscence in moderately and extremely obese patients.
Miejsca i nie-miejsca w perspektywie badań nad przestrzeniami publicznymi polskich miast
Authors: Bierwiaczonek Krzysztof
Published: September 2018

W artykule zaprezentowane są wybrane wyniki autorskich i współautorskich badań nad przestrzeniami publicznymi polskich miast. Uwaga skoncentrowana zostanie na tych przestrzeniach miejskich, które nabywają status miejsca. Taka sytuacja, jak wskazują wyniki badań, dotyczy szczególnie centralnych i historycznych przestrzeni miejskich oraz atrakcyjnych terenów rekreacyjnych.W warstwie teoretycznej w artykule znajdą się odwołania zarówno do teorii miejskiej przestrzeni publicznej, jak i klasycznych (Tuan, Libura) oraz współczesnych (Massey, Castello) ujęć teorii miejsca. W tych ostatnich zwraca się uwagę na dynamikę, negocjacyjność, a czasem konfliktowość procesów tworzących miejsce. Nie pomija się także komercyjnego i konsumpcyjnego charakteru miejsca. Taka interpretacja powoduje, że typowe nie-miejsca (Augé), np. centra handlowe, mogą dla niektórych mieszkańców współczesnych miast stawać się miejscami.
Lokalna aktywność obywatelska – czynniki, pułapki, zróżnicowanie. O wzorach zaangażowania charakterystycznych dla wspólnot mieszkaniowych
Authors: Szczepańska Magdalena
Published: September 2018

Artykuł skupia się na lokalnej aktywności obywatelskiej, postrzeganej jako istotny warunek rozwoju miasta. Przegląd literatury wskazuje czynniki aktywności obywatelskiej: poziom wykształcenia, dochody, więzi sąsiedzkie, przywiązanie do miejsca, kontakty społeczne, ogólna aktywność społeczna, etap życia, wielkość społeczności, lokalne problemy, relacje wewnątrz społeczności lokalnej, lokalny lider, cechy kulturowe regionu oraz lokalna kultura polityczna. Scharakteryzowano także różnorodne typy zaangażowania obywatelskiego. Rozważania na temat lokalnej aktywności obywatelskiej uzupełniono o aktywność generowaną w ramach wspólnot mieszkaniowych. Rosnąca popularność tych organizacji skłania do rozważań na temat ich wpływu na wzory zaangażowania obywatelskiego. Część badaczy dowodzi, że członkostwo we wspólnocie uczy współrządzenia, daje poczucie wpływu, wzmacnia zaangażowanie lokalne i obywatelskie. Z drugiej strony pojawiają się argumenty, zgodnie z którymi poczucie przynależności do wspólnoty mieszkaniowej skutkuje niższą odpowiedzialnością za miasto i sferę publiczną. Czy zaangażowanie w ramach wspólnoty mieszkaniowej można nazwać obywatelskim? Odpowiedź bazuje na wynikach przekrojowego studium przypadków jedenastu takich wspólnot. Zaprezentowano te aspekty funkcjonowania wspólnot mieszkaniowych, które odnoszą się do aktywności obywatelskiej: cele organizacji w opinii mieszkańców, zaangażowanie w proces współrządzenia, stosunek do dalszego otoczenia oraz relacje wspólnot z sąsiadami. Wzory zaangażowania charakterystyczne dla wspólnot mieszkaniowych nie mieszczą się w ramach przyjętej definicji aktywnej obywatelskości. Korespondują raczej z koncepcją sprywatyzowanej, biernej obywatelskości. Ich członkowie są skupieni na własnych, grupowych interesach. Wspólnoty mieszkaniowe mogą być postrzegane jako pułapka czy niebezpieczeństwo dla lokalnej aktywności obywatelskiej. Skłaniają bowiem do aktywności społecznej, która stanowi alternatywę dla uczestnictwa w sferze publicznej.
Leisure time animation in seaside hotels as a way to enhance competitiveness
Authors: Białożyńska Agnieszka
Published: September 2018

Many modern travelers, choosing the hotel as their holiday home, are guided by the range of services they offer. They wish to spend their leisure time in the best way. By choosing the right object, the client is aware that this range of services will be optimally tailored to his needs. This is also the function of animation programs created in Polish seaside hotels. In case of indigenous climatic conditions, when creating such a program, they always take into account the sudden downpour of the weather and prepare the activities under the roof. The author of the study, interested in the subject of the hotel industry, has attempted to see to what extent and for whom are created animation programs in seaside hotels. It was also interesting to see whether the choice of classes was determined by the category and size of the hotel.
Turystyka jako aspekt działalności Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego
Authors: Miazek Piotr
Published: September 2018

Tatrzański Park Narodowy prowadzi liczne działania mające na celu dostosowanie obszaru na potrzeby ruchu turystycznego tak, by nie zagrażał on środowisku, a stopień jego negatywnego oddziaływania był jak najmniejszy. Praca przedstawia sposób funkcjonowania instytucji, charakteryzuje jej działania. Omawia również problemy związane z udostępnianiem parku dla ruchu turystycznego.
Geocaching jako innowacyjna forma odkrywania walorów przyrodniczych i kulturowych w Polsce. Studium przypadku powiatu poznańskiego
Authors: Skóra Joanna Maria
Published: September 2018

Autorka artykułu, będąca mieszkanką Poznania, a jednocześnie zaawansowanym graczem geocachingu, podjęła próbę prezentacji powiatu poznańskiego jako obszaru, który posiada potencjał do rozwoju tej gry. Świadczą o tym tworzone w ostatnich latach trasy, jak również działania regionalnej organizacji – GEOpyry oraz nastawienie mieszkańców. Do przygotowania opracowania wykorzystano analizę literatury, źródeł internetowych związanych z geocachingiem oraz wyniki badań własnych zrealizowanych na potrzeby pracy magisterskiej za pośrednictwem kwestionariusza ankiety na próbie 355 mieszkańców powiatu poznańskiego, w okresie od października 2016 r. do marca 2017 r.