bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Far are Autonomous Vehicles from Driving in Real Traffic? The Adaptability Analysis of Autonomous Vehicles to Cut-in Scenarios in China
Authors: Zhao Shulian , wang ke , Long Yan , Chen Junlan
Published: October 2021

At present, autonomous vehicle technologies (AVTs) have been extensively researched and developed, but there is less research focused on the adaptability of current AVTs to the real traffic. Whether AVTs can be competent in the real driving environment is still an issue. To ﬁll the gap, this paper ﬁrst collected a great amount of driving data from more than 60 Chinese drivers and established a big natural driving database covering millions of kilometers, all-weather and all working conditions. Then, using the dataset, 3044 cut-in scenarios related to automatic driving were extracted and their characteristics were analyzed based on the cluster method. According to the distribution of cut-in behavior, the related technical requirements of autonomous vehicles were clearly detailed, analyzed, and evaluated from the perspectives of perception, intelligent networking, and motion planning. Finally, from the comparative analysis, we draw the adaptation conclusions of the current AVTs to the real traffic and point out the unsolved challenges. Our conclusions could be very useful for motor corporations and researchers to draw their attention to the complexity of the Chinese traffic environment, and for policy-makers to think about making new AVTs policies in anticipation of the advent of future autonomous vehicles.
Does the Core Position of Cervical Microbial Community Analysis in Predicting Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Malignant Transformation?
Authors: Wang He , Jiang Yanming , Liang Yuejuan , Wei Lingjia , Zhang Wei , Li Li
Published: October 2021

Objective：Cervical microbial community in the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer patients was analysed to study its composition, diversity and signalling pathways by high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing,and the candidate genes associated with occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were screened out and the model was established to predict the evolution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia malignant transformation from the cervical microbial genes aspect. Methods：Cervical tissues of normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer patients without receiving any treatment were collected. The correlation between candidate genes and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression was initially determined by analyzing the microbial flora. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of candidate genes in different cervical tissues, ROC curve and logistic regression was used to analyse and predict the risk factors related to the occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Finally, the early warning model of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia occurrence and progression is established. Results：Cervical tissues from normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer patients were collected for microbial community high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing. The analysis revealed five different pathways related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. 10 candidate genes were selected by further bioinformatics analysis and preliminary screening. Real time PCR, ROC curve and Logistic regression analysis showed that human papillomavirus infection, TCT severity, ABCG2, TDG, PCNA were independent risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. We used these indicators to establish a random forest model. Seven models were built through different combinations.The model 4 (ABCG2 + PCNA + TDG) was the best early warning model for the occurrence and progression of CIN. Conclusions: A total of 5 differential pathways and 10 candidate genes related to occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were found in cervical microbial community. This study firstly identified the genes from cervical microbial community that play an important role in the occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. At the same time, the early warning model including ABCG2+PCNA+TDG genes provided a new idea and target for clinical prediction and blocking the evolution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia malignant transformation from the aspect of cervical microbiological related genes.
Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer Distinct in Indigenous African Patients Compared to Other Ethnic Groups in South Africa.
Authors: McCabe M. , Penny C. , Magangane P. , Mirza S. , Perner Y.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: A large proportion of indigenous African (IA) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in South Africa are young (<50years), with no unique histopathological or molecular characteristics. Anatomical site as well as microsatellite instability (MSI) status have shown to be associated with different clinicopathological and molecular features. This study aimed to ascertain key histopathological and miRNA expression patterns in microsatellite stable (MSS) and low-frequency MSI (MSI-L) patients, to provide insight into the mechanism of the disease. Methods: A retrospective cohort (2011-2015) of MSS/MSI-L CRC patient samples diagnosed at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital was analyzed. Samples were categorized by site [Right colon cancer (RCC) versus left (LCC)], ethnicity [IA versus other ethnic groups (OEG)] and MSI status (MSI-L vs MSS). T-test, Fischer’s exact and Chi-square tests were conducted. Additional miRNA expression profiling was performed on IA patient samples. Results: IA patients with LCC demonstrated an increased prevalence in males, sigmoid colon, signet-ring-cell morphology, MSI-L with BAT25/26 marker instability and advanced disease association. MiRNA expression profiling revealed unique clustering, with dysregulation of let-7 and miRNA-125. Conclusion: This study revealed distinct histopathological features for LCC, and suggests BAT25/26, miRNAs let-7a-5p and miRNA-125a/b-5p as negative prognostic markers in African CRC patients. Larger confirmatory studies are recommended.
Bio-Organic Fertilizers Manipulate Abundance Patterns of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Structure To Improve Tomato Productivity
Authors: Li Bintao , Guo Luodi , Wang Haoming , Li Yulong , Lai Hangxian , Wang Xudong , Wei Xiaomin
Published: October 2021

Background Bio-organic fertilizers has been shown to improve crop yields, partially because of the effects on the structure and function in resident soil microbiome. Purpose and methods Whereas, it is unknown if such improvements have been facilitated by the particular action of microbial inoculants, or the compost substrate. To understand the ecological mechanisms to increase crop productivity by bio-organic fertilizers, we conducted a pot experiment tracking soil physicochemical factors and extracellular enzyme activity over two growth stages and variations of soil microbial communities caused by fertilization practices as below: Bacillus subtilis CY1 inoculation, swine compost, and bio-organic fertilizer. Results Results showed that different fertilization measures, especially bio-organic fertilizers, increased soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and the diversity of microbial communities. For quantifying the “effect size” of microbiota manipulation, we discoverd that, respectively, 19.94% and 48.99% of variation in the bacterial and fungal communities could be interpreted using tested fertilization practices. Fertilization-sensitive microbes showed taxonomy diversity and gave responses as guilds of taxa to specific treatments. The microbes exhibited medium to high degree of co-occurrence in the network and could be recruited, directly or indirectly, by B. subtilis CY1, suggesting that bio-organic fertilizer may allow manipulation of influential community members.Conclusion Together we demonstrated that the increase in tomato productivity by bio-organic fertilizer was caused by the synergistic effect of organic fertilizer and beneficial microorganisms, thus providing novel insights into the soil microbiome manipulation strategies of biologically-enhanced organic fertilizers.
Industrial Agglomeration and Carbon Neutrality in China: Lessons and Evidence
Authors: Tang Dengli , Peng Zhongwen , Yang Yuanhua
Published: October 2021

How does the agglomeration economy affect carbon emissions? Does it hinder China's zero-carbon emissions and carbon neutral goals? This study explored the impact of industrial agglomeration on carbon emissions and spatial spillover effects by expanding the output density theoretical model of Ciccone & Hall. The main findings are as follows: (1) Industrial labor and technology agglomerations increase regional carbon emissions, while industrial output agglomeration reduces emissions in the immediate term. Industrial capital agglomeration has no significant immediate effect on carbon emission. (2) Industrial output and technology agglomerations have significant lag effects. Output agglomeration increases carbon emissions, while technology agglomeration reduces emission levels. (3) The impact of industrial output agglomeration on regional carbon emissions shifts from a positive inhibitory effect into a negative aggravating effect. In comparison, industrial technology agglomeration transitions from increasing carbon emissions in the immediate term into having a suppressing effect in the long term. (4) There are significant regional differences in the impact of industrial output and capital agglomerations, while industrial labor and technology agglomerations showed no significant regional difference. The results are important in developing policies and strategies of the economy and the environment.
The SNAI2-ELF3-AS1 Feedback Loop Drives Gastric Cancer Metastasis and Regulates ELF3 Expression At Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Levels
Authors: Li Dandan , Shen Li , Xu Mengjie , Zhang Xudong , Chen Zhen , Huang Pan , Huang Congcong , Qin Shanshan
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe reason for continued overexpression of SNAI2 in tumor metastasis remains largely unclear. The oncogene SNAI2 promotes tumor metastasis by regulating the expression of downstream target genes. In theory, these target genes should include not only protein-coding genes or miRNAs, but also lncRNAs. However, no lncRNA has been reported to be regulated by SNAI2 to date. MethodsRNA-seq, CHIP and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to identify lncRNAs regulated by SNAI2. MicroRNA-seq and RNA-seq studies were conducted to reveal the biological function of ELF3-AS1 in GC. RNA pulldown and CHIRP assays were conducted to identify the protein that interacts with ELF3-AS1. ResultsIn this study, the lncRNAs that regulated by SNAI2 were identified in gastric cancer (GC) by RNA sequencing. The ELF3 gene and its antisense lncRNA ELF3-AS1 were both transcriptionally repressed by SNAI2 or SNAI1. Down-regulation of ELF3-AS1 and ELF3 predicted poor prognosis in GC. Nuclear localized lncRNA ELF3-AS1 negatively regulated GC cell cycle progression via suppressing G1/S transition and histone synthesis. ELF3-AS1 mainly inhibited GC metastasis by repressing SNAI2 signaling. Additionally, ELF3-AS1 modulated ELF3 mRNA stability by RNA-RNA interaction. The RNA duplexes formed by ELF3 mRNA and lncRNA ELF3-AS1 directly interacted with NF45/NF90 complex. In turn, the NF45/NF90 complex dynamically regulated the expression of ELF3-AS1 and ELF3 by affecting the stability of the RNA duplex. ConclusionsThe double-negative feedback loop SNAI2-ELF3-AS1 drives GC metastasis by continuously activating SNAI2 signaling and regulates the expression of epithelial tumor suppressor ELF3 at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
A Stage 1 Pilot Cohort Exploring the Use of EMDR Therapy as a Video-Conference Psychotherapy During Covid-19 – A Proof of Concept Study Utilising a Virtual Blind 2 Therapist Protocol
Authors: Farrell Derek , Fadeeva Anastasiia , Zat Zeynep , Knibbs Lorraine , Miller Paul , Barron Ian , Matthess Helga , Matthess Cordula , Gazit Neta , Kiernan Matthew D.
Published: October 2021

Background
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact in the delivery of psychological treatment. Due to social distancing requirements provision moved to video-conferencing psychotherapy (VCP). There is a paucity of empirical data supporting the efficacy of EMDR therapy as a VCP. This stage 1 pilot study tested an EMDR therapy scripted protocol – Virtual Blind 2 Therapist (VB2T) as a VCP regarding fitness for purpose, distinctiveness, relevance, and efficiency.
Methods
Twenty-four participants were recruited to the study. The design included a one-session treatment intervention obtaining measures pre, post, one-month, and six-month follow-up. This treatment session used a ‘Blind 2 Therapist’ EMDR therapy scripted protocol as video-conference psychotherapy that involves non-disclosure of traumatic memory. The research explored the treatment effect on the core characteristics of the trauma memory including subjective disturbance, belief systems, memory intensity, vividness, and levels of emotionality. Additionally, the research explored participant’s experiences of adverse and benevolent childhood experiences (ACEs/BCEs) during their childhood.
Results
Regarding the four tests - fitness for purpose, distinctiveness, relevance, and efficiency results are favourably suggesting potential clinical benefits of using EMDR as video-conference psychotherapy. That said this is a proof-of-concept study showing positive results, however, no clinical population or control group was used. The purpose of the study is to explore the potential for scalability towards a larger clinical trial. The treatment intervention was achieved irrespective of either adverse or benevolent childhood experiences (ACEs/BCEs) during childhood
Conclusion
The research tentatively supports the case for EMDR therapy as a credible treatment when used as a video conference psychotherapy. More research is needed to scale towards a clinical trial.
Determination of the Environmental Flow Using the Modern Optimization Methods for Release Flow based on Game Theory
Authors: Foroughian Amir , Derikvand Ehsan , Eslami Hossein , Khoshnavaz Saeb
Published: October 2021

To prevent environmental risks and preserve water quality, it is necessary to determine the environmental flow of rivers. Water release from reservoirs can be used to determine the environmental flow and water quality at the downstream of a dam. In this study, considering the quantitative and qualitative objectives, water release from Dez dam was suggested as a way for preserving the environment of river. To identify the optimal release flow of Dam, an environmental zone was determined using the hydrological methods of Tennant and aquatic base flow. The Qual-2k model was used to simulate 6 quality parameters in River. The results proved its good potential for simulation of the studied quality parameters including BOD. The optimal river flow was determined by Game theory, and different qualitative and quantitative scenarios were studied using the Nash multiplying function. The results showed, with increases in qualitative and quantitative objectives of the problem, the optimal release flows are decreased and increased, respectively.
Anxiety and depression among racial/ethnic minorities and impoverished women testing positive for BRCA1/2 mutations in the United States
Authors: Dibble Kate E , Connor Avonne E
Published: October 2021

PurposeTo outline the association between race/ethnicity and poverty status and perceived anxiety and depressive symptomologies among BRCA1/2-positive United States (US) women to identify high-risk groups of mutation carriers from medically underserved backgrounds.Methods211 BRCA1/2-positive women from medically underserved backgrounds were recruited through national Facebook support groups and completed an online survey. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression for associations between race/ethnicity, poverty status, and self-reported moderate-to-severe anxiety and depressive symptoms.ResultsWomen ranged in age (18–75, M = 39.5, SD = 10.6). Most women were non-Hispanic white (NHW) (67.2%) and were not impoverished (76.7%). Hispanic women with BRCA1/2 mutations were 6.11 times more likely to report moderate-to-severe anxiety (95% CI, 2.16–17.2, p = 0.001) and 4.28 times more likely to report moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms (95% CI, 1.98–9.60, p = < 0.001) than NHW women with BRCA1/2. Associations were not statistically significant among other minority women. Women living in poverty were significantly less likely to report moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms than women not in poverty (aOR, 0.42, 95% CI, 0.18–0.95, p = 0.04).ConclusionHispanic women with BRCA1/2 mutations from medically underserved backgrounds are an important population at increased risk for worse anxiety and depressive symptomology. Our findings among Hispanic women with BRCA1/2 mutations add to the growing body of literature focused on ethnic disparities experienced across the cancer control continuum.
Determinants for Exercise Adherence and Maintenance for Cancer Survivors: Implementation of a Community-based Exercise Program. A Quality Feasibility Study
Authors: Ranes Maria , Wiestad Tor Helge , Thormodsen Inger , Arving Cecilia
Published: October 2021

PurposeResearch verifies that physical exercise plays an important part in recovery after cancer treatment. Despite this knowledge, multiple studies have shown that maintaining a physically active lifestyle after cancer is challenging. There is a need for effective implementation of exercise programs for cancer survivors in community care, with focus on exercise adherence and maintenance. This qualitative descriptive feasibility study explores experiences from the implementation of a four-month community-based exercise program for cancer survivors after completion of rehabilitation in the specialist health care service. MethodsFocus group interviews of fourteen cancer survivors after completing Rehabilitation: Physical activity and Coping, feasibility study. Data were analyzed using the systematic text condensation method. ResultsThe category determinates for exercise adherence and maintenance added four subcategories: peer-support, environment, structure and knowledge. ConclusionsA social and supportive exercise environment is important for exercise adherence and maintenance among cancer survivors. This knowledge can be useful in the further work with implementing high quality community-based exercise program for cancer survivors.
The Mediating Role of Coping in the Relationship Between Family Function and Resilience in Adolescents and Young Adults Who Have a Parent with Lung Cancer
Authors: Shao Lu , Zhong Jiudi , Wu He-ping , Yan Minghui , Zhang June
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Resilience plays an important role in helping individuals to adapt to adversity and improve their psychosocial outcome. This study aims to examine the mediating role of coping in the relationship between family function and resilience in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who have a parent with lung cancer.
Method
A total of 135 AYAs with a lung cancer parent were recruited from a tertiary grade A cancer center in southern China, and investigated using a self-designed general information questionnaire, the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve index.
Results
The mean score of AYAs’ resilience was (3.61 ± 0.49), and its influencing factors included AYAs’ years in work, family function and positive coping. The total effect of family function on resilience was significant (total effect = 0.38, 95% CI [0.048–0.115]), and a positive indirect effect was identified for family function on resilience via positive coping (indirect effect = 0.10, 95% CI [0.005–0.043]).
Conclusion
Family functioning can facilitate resilience either directly or by promoting positive coping. This study suggests that individualized interventions can be made to improve resilience by promoting family function, or by enhancing positive coping in AYAs with a lung cancer parent.
The Relationship Between Sleep and Weight Change Among Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer Participating in the Women’s Health Initiative
Authors: Donzella Sidney , Lind Kimberly E , Skiba Meghan B , Farland Leslie V , Thomson Cynthia A , Werts Samantha J , Bell Melanie L , LeBlanc Erin , Weitlauf Julie C , Hery Chole M Beverly , Naughton Michelle J , Mortimer Joanne , Crane Tracy E
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Short and long sleep duration and poor sleep quality are risk factors for weight gain and cancer mortality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sleep and weight change among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. Methods: Women participating in the Women’s Health Initiative who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between year 1 and year 3 were included. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as ≤5 hours (short), 6 hours, 7-8 hours (optimal), and ≥9 hours (long). Self-reported sleep quality was categorized as poor, average, and above average. Post-diagnosis weight change was the difference of weight closest to, but preceding diagnosis, and year 3 weight. We used linear regression to evaluate sleep duration and sleep quality associations with post-diagnosis weight change adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Among 1,156 participants, 63% were weight stable after diagnosis; average weight gain post cancer diagnosis was 3.2 kg. Six percent of women reported sleeping ≤5 hours, 26% reported 6 hours, 64% reported 7-8 hours, and 4% reported ≥9 hours. There were no differences in adjusted estimates of weight change among participants with short duration (0.37kg; 95%CI -0.88, 1.63), or long duration (-0.56kg; 95% CI -2.03, 0.90) compared to optimal duration, nor was there a difference among poor quality (-0.51kg; 95% CI -1.42, 0.41) compared to above average quality. Conclusion: Among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors, sleep duration and quality were not associated with weight change after breast cancer diagnosis. Future studies should consider capturing change in adiposity and to expand beyond self-reported sleep.
Impact of Historical Land Cover Changes on Land Surface Characteristics Over the Indian Region Using the Land Information System.
Authors: jose vibin , Chandrasekar Anantharaman , Reddy Suraj
Published: October 2021

The present study has employed a regional Land Surface Model (LSM) to investigate the impact of historical land cover changes on land surface characteristics over the Indian subcontinent for the period of 1930-2013. Four simulations that include a control run and three experiment runs are performed with the Noah 3.6 LSM within the Land Information System (LIS). The control run is performed with a MODIS-IGBP land cover map, while the three experimental runs are performed with three different potential land cover maps for the years 1930, 1975, and 2013. The potential land cover maps for the above three simulations are developed by blending the MODIS-IGBP data set with the fractional forest cover data set; the latter data is available for the years 1930, 1975, and 2013. Results indicate that the historical land cover change (1930 to 2013) has reduced the annual mean of latent heat flux and net surface radiation over the Indian domain by -24.74 W/m 2 and -14.18 W/m 2 respectively, while the sensible heat flux and the soil temperature has increased by 4.97 W/m 2 and 2.78 K. The annual mean change in latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and soil temperature demonstrate that the largest changes occur when the land cover changes from forest to urban land as compared to forest to cropland, forest to grassland and forest to open shrubland. The annual mean change in latent heat flux is moderately large for the land cover change from forest to open shrubland when compared to forest to grassland and forest to cropland. The above is attributed to the effects of evapotranspiration, which has high values for the cropland followed by grassland and open shrubland. Furthermore, the triple collocation method is employed to assess the impact of historical land cover change on soil moisture. Results indicate that the triple collocation method effectively demonstrates the impact of land cover change on soil moisture.
Prospective Evaluation of the Use of Lokivetmab in Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis in Brazil
Authors: Campos Millena Leme , Lucas Ronaldo , Moraes-Filho Jonas , Marco Viviani di , Lopes Jessica Dinelli , Beviani Daniela , Pelegrini Carla , Cunha Vitoria Miranda Carrao
Published: October 2021

Background: Lokivetmab (Cytopoint®, Zoetis) is a caninized anti-IL-31 monoclonal antibody licensed for treating clinical manifestations of canine atopic dermatitis in varying degrees of severity. The objective of this 30-day prospective study was to evaluate the level of improvement in cases of atopic dermatitis after the application of lokivetmab, using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-4) variables, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pruritus, owner assessment of the condition, and incidence of adverse events. A total of 110 animals recruited from two private clinics in the State of São Paulo each received 2 mg of lokivetmab/kg of body weight by subcutaneous injection on day 0. Dogs were observed by owners who provided reports of their observations by telephone or e-mail on days 2 and 14 and were observed by clinicians on day 30. Results: Baseline mean VAS of pruritus was 7.68 (median = 7), decreasing to 3.82 (median = 2) by day 2 (P<0.001). CADESI-4 variables decreased from 36.5 at baseline to 16.3 on day 30 (P<0.001). Reports of treatment responses submitted by owners and evaluation of CADESI-4 variables after treatment were significantly similar (P<0.001). Owners rated the response to treatment as good to excellent for 75% of the dogs. Adverse events, including vomiting, diarrhea, and/or lethargy, were observed in 18 dogs (16.4%). All events were transient, and none required treatment. Conclusions: Based on findings in this study, lokivetmab was determined to provide a rapid and effective response for control of canine atopic dermatitis. Lokivetmab was well tolerated with only mild and transient adverse events observed.
The Impact of Positive Emotional Appeals On The Green Purchase Behavior
Authors: Wang Jianming , He Zhengxia , Wang Jianguo , Bao Jing , Gao Jian
Published: October 2021

Background: The practice of green consumption has become a common initiative of the international community. Existing studies have shown that emotional factors have an important impact on consumer behavior, but few scholars in the field of green consumption behavior have explored the relationship between positive emotions and green purchase behavior in specific dimensions.Methods: This study creatively put forward two dimensions and four kinds of positive emotional appeals which include the cherishing appeal, the yearning appeal, the proud appeal and the admiring appeal. Through the conceptual model analysis based on the data, the effects of different four positive emotional appeals on consumers’ perceived green value, perceived green responsibility, green purchase behaviors were confirmed.Conclusion: The results indicated that the four kinds of positive emotional appeals, perceived green value, perceived green responsibility, green purchase behavior were positively correlated. Perceived green responsibility has significant mediating effect on the relationship between positive emotional appeals and green purchase behaviors. However, surprisingly, perceived green value has no mediation effect in the relationship between positive emotional appeals and green purchase behaviors. Emotional arousal and middle doctrine are not qualified moderators in any situations.
Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (NLR) Variation in Relationship with Childhood Maltreatment in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: khalil Rami Bou , Risch Nathan , Sleilaty Ghassan , Richa Sami , Seneque Maude , Lefebvre Patrick , Sultan Ariane , Avignon Antoine , Maimoun Laurent , Renard Eric , Courtet Philippe , Guillaume Sebastien
Published: October 2021

Purpose: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness that is frequently accompanied with a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) which may constitute a specific ecophenotype of the eating disorder necessitating special assessment and management. Chronic stress inflicted by CM in patients with AN may manifest through increased low grade inflammation reflected by an increase in ratios from white blood cells count such as neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PLR) and monocytes to lymphocytes ratio (MLR). Methods: N=206 participants were evaluated in an eating disorders daycare unit in Montpellier, France between March 2013 and January 2020. CM was assessed using childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ). AN clinical severity was assessed using eating disorder examination (EDE-Q). The MINI was used to assess other clinical characteristics. Results: NLR has been found to be higher in patients with AN and a history of CM (p=0.029) as well as in patients with AN and a history of emotional abuse (p=0.021) when compared to patients with AN and without a history of CM. In the multivariate analysis, emotional abuse (β=0.17; p=0.027) contributed significantly to NLR’s variability. Conclusion: NLR is a low grade inflammation marker that is influenced by multiple sociodemographic, clinical and biological factors in patients with AN. It is more directly affected by certain subtypes of CM, especially emotional abuse than by the presence or absence of a history of CM. Future studies may focus on mediators between CM and increased inflammation such as interoceptive awareness, emotional dysregulation, food addiction and stress-sensitization.Level of evidence: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies
Deriving Key Architectural Features of FHIR-BlockChain Integration through the Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Lee Jaehoon , Park Yu Rang , Beck Sang Sook
Published: October 2021

Background: The blockchain has been highlighted its possibility as a technology to ensure immutability, transparency, and decentralization of data in information systems in various industries. Amongst the possibility of blockchain in the healthcare industry, one of the informatics areas that can leverage the benefits of using blockchain is healthcare information exchange while it is combined with the use of fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR).Objective: To investigate the key architectural features of FHIR and blockchain integration that provides the benefits of immutability of transaction data for a decentralized and secured healthcare information exchange framework.Materials and Methods: We conducted an in-depth, individual, semi-structured interview with four domain knowledge experts in the area of FHIR and medical blockchain. Our interview plan were qualified by the COREQ criteria (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research), which is an analysis method the qualitative content analysis. We conducted the interview based on seven key questions and additional open discussion of technical, business, and legal aspects of the FHIR-blockchain implementations. The results of the interviews were recorded, summarized, and codified in a structured way. Results: The qualitative content analysis revealed the four types of FHIR-blockchain architectures for storing FHIR data and/or transaction and integrating FHIR and blockchain. The four FHIR-blockchain architectures compose of 1) the types of on-chain information from FHIR transactions to be stored inside blocks and 2) the features of the architectures and their possible use case scenarios. In addition to the characterization of the four FHIR-blockchain architectures, we discussed the topics; 1) potential legal issues, 2) justification of using blockchain in healthcare information exchange, and 3) practical implications and guideline of the architectures for implementation.Conclusion: Although FHIR-blockchain integration has been considered as a promising tool for decentralized and secured healthcare information exchange, it should be clarified as to how it aligned with business requirements. A detailed and/or tailored guidelines of implementation in the architectural, functional, and legal perspectives may need to be demonstrated by the benefits of using FHIR-blockchain integration.
Connecting Three Detection Methods To Screen Polyhydroxyalkanoicates Producing Bacteria In General Nature Region
Authors: Chou Hung-Che , Chen Chia-Hsin , Chu Hsiao-Kai , Huang Chun-Mei , Wang Hui-Jun , Tu Wei-Lin , Guo Gia-Luen
Published: October 2021

This study combined the media containing the fluorescent dye Nile red identification method, the genetic detection method of colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gas chromatography (GC) analysis techniques for screening polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) producers isolated from the natural area in Taiwan. Using the three analysis methods can be schemed into different standard operating procedures to complement each other's limitations and shortcomings. We highlight the development of an economic and efficient screening tool that fits each cost process to different environment samples and intensifies the effective discovery of potent PHAs sources. When screening up to 105 samples to be analyzed, the scheme of connecting three detection methods was reduced to 97% of the cost than using the combination of two methods of Nile red + GC or PCR + GC methods. Besides, the unit of time consumed was only 6%. With the number of samples over 108, the researchers need to consider the overall cost, and only the combination of Nile red and PCR methods without GC will lower the cost to 88% and 57% of the time rather than using all three methods, with the true positive rate of 30.7%.
Anthropogenic Land Use/Cover Change Detection And Its Impacts On Hydrological Responses of Genale Catchment, Ethiopia
Authors: Negewo Tufa Feyissa , Sarma Arup Kumar
Published: October 2021

Change in land use land-cover (LULC) is a paramount dynamic present-day challenging landscape process capable of altering the hydrological responses in the catchment. As the land use planners require updated and high-resolution land resources information, understanding land cover change-induced status due to anthropogenic activities is significant. In this study, multitemporal cloud-free satellite imageries for periods (1990, 2002, and 2013) were used to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of land-use change detection and examine the effect on hydrological response using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the Genale watershed, Ethiopia. The model performance was evaluated through sensitivity, uncertainty analysis, calibration, and validation process. The analysis of LULC change patterns for the area under study over 24 years showed that most parts of the green forest, barren land, and range shrubs were changed into agriculture, built up, wetlands, and water body with an increase of agriculture by 60%, built up 68%, pasture 37%, range shrubs 9%, and water body 57% over (1990 to 2013), which increased surface runoff, water yield, and sediment yield in the catchment. Significant changes in hydrological elements were observed at the sub-basins scale, mainly associated with the uneven spatial distribution of LULC changes compared to the whole watershed. The impacts of individual LULC change on hydrological response show a good correlation matrix. The regional government needs to modify land development policies and sustainable plans for examining LULC change detection using satellite imagery to avoid illegal land expansion activities.
Prognostic Implications of Impaired Longitudinal Left Ventricular Systolic Function Assessed by Tissue Doppler Imaging Prior to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: gallone guglielmo , Bruno Francesco , Trenkwalder Teresa , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Islas Fabian , Leone Pier Pasquale , Nicol Phillip , Pellegrini Costanza , Incaminato Enrico , Jimenez-Quevedo Pilar , Covarrubias Hector Alfonso Alvarez , Bragato Renato , Andreis Alessandro , Salizzoni Stefano , Rinaldi Mauro , Kastrati Adnan , Conrotto Federico , Joner Michael , Stefanini Giulio , Nombela-Franco Luis , Xhepa Erion , Escaned Javier , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria
Published: October 2021

BackgroundChange in longitudinal left ventricular (LV) systolic function serves as an early marker of the deleterious effect of aortic stenosis (AS) and other cardiac comorbidities on cardiac function. We explored the prognostic value of tissue doppler imaging (TDI)-derived longitudinal LV systolic function, defined by the peak systolic average of lateral and septal mitral annular velocities (average S’) among symptomatic patients with severe AS undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).Methods and results297 unselected patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI at three european centers with available average S’ at preprocedural echocardiography were retrospectively included. The primary endpoint was the Kaplan Meier estimate of all-cause mortality. After a median 18 months (IQR 12-18) follow-up, 36 (12.1%) patients died. Average S’ was associated with all-cause mortality (per 1 cm/sec decrease: HR 1.29, 95%CI 1.03-1.60, p=0.025), being the cut-off of 6.5 cm/sec the most accurate. Patients with average S’ <6.5 cm/sec (55.2%) presented characteristics of more advanced LV remodeling and functional impairment along with higher burden of cardiac comorbidities, and experienced higher all-cause mortality (17.6% vs. 7.5%, p=0.007), also when adjusted for in-study outcome predictors (adj-HR: 2.69, 95%CI 1.22-5.93, p=0.014). Results were consistent among patients with preserved ejection fraction, normal-flow AS, high-gradient AS and in those without LV hypertrophy.Conclusions Longitudinal LV systolic function assessed by average S’ is independently associated with long-term all-cause mortality among TAVI patients. An average S’ below 6.5 cm/sec best defines clinically meaningful reduced longitudinal systolic function and may aid clinical risk stratification in these patients.
Reconfigurable Hyperbolic Polaritonics with Correlated Oxide Metasurfaces
Authors: Aghamiri Neda Alsadat , Hu Guangwei , Fali Alireza , Zhang Zhen , Li Jiahan , Balendhran Sivacarendran , Walia Sumeet , Sri Sharath , Edgar James , Ramanathan Shriram , Alu Andrea , Abate Yohannes
Published: October 2021

Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide SmNiO3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale real-time reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with unmatched resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering as a new paradigm for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications facilitated by a hybrid material platform exploiting extreme light-matter interactions in polaritonic systems.
Nutritional status and related factors on academic achievement of adolescents in high schools in the Hlaing Tharyar township, Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Soe Yee Mon , Maneekan Pannamas , Soonthronworasri Ngamphol , Prangthip Pattaneeya
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Chronic malnutrition in adolescents may result in significant academic difficulties at school. This study aimed to determine the impact of nutritional status and related factors on the academic achievement of adolescents in secondary/high schools in Myanmar.
SUBJECTS/METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey was performed in two high schools in Hlaing Tharyar District, Yangon using a self-administered questionnaire on food intake and other factors potentially affecting nutritional status. Grade-point averages (GPA) in the previous academic year were recorded to identify any association between nutritional status and academic achievement.
RESULTS
We enrolled 301 students aged 13–17 years (mean ± SD, 14.43 ± 0.95). Over half of the respondents were female (65.1%). Most of the respondents showed normal body mass index values, followed by underweight, overweight and obesity. Regarding academic achievement, a GPA of A, B, C and D was seen in 41.5%, 36.2%, 15.3%, and 7.0% of the respondents, respectively. Nutritional status was significantly associated with academic achievement. Underweight students had a 1.96 times higher likelihood of achieving mediocre grades (C, D) compared to normal-weight students (OR = 1.960, 95% CI: 1.063–3.614). Among other factors examined, only the number of meals per day was associated with nutritional status. Apart from the number of meals per day, the duration of walk to school, the duration of watching or playing games, and the parents’ socioeconomic status were associated with academic achievement.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a relationship between nutritional status and related factors on levels of academic achievement of adolescent students in the Yangon metropolitan area.
An exploration of the statutory Healthy Start vitamin supplementation scheme in North West England
Authors: Moonan May , Maudsley Gillian , Hanratty Barbara , Whitehead Margaret
Published: October 2021

Background
Government nutritional welfare support from the English ‘Healthy Start’ scheme is targeted at low income pregnant women and preschool children, but take-up of its free food vouchers is much better than its free vitamin vouchers. While universal implementation probably requires a more extensive scheme to be cost-effective, the everyday experience of different ways of receiving or facilitating Healthy Start, especially via children’s centres, also requires further evidence. This study therefore aimed to explore (in the context of low take-up levels) perceptions of mothers, health professionals, and commissioners about Healthy Start vitamin and food voucher take-up and compare experiences in a targeted and a universal implementation-area for those vitamins.
Methods
Informed by quantitative analysis of take-up data, qualitative analysis focused on 42 semi-structured interviews with potentially eligible mothers and healthcare staff (and commissioners), purposively sampled via children’s centres in a similarly deprived universal and a targeted implementation-area of North West England.
Results
While good food voucher take-up appeared to relate to clear presentation, messaging, practicality, and monetary (albeit low) value, poor vitamin take-up appeared to relate to overcomplicated procedures and overreliance on underfunded centres, organizational goodwill, and families’ resilience.
Conclusion
Higher ‘universal’ vitamin take-up may well have reflected fewer barriers when it became everyone’s business to be vitamin-aware. Substantive Healthy Start reform in England (not just cosmetic tinkering) is long overdue. Our study highlights that ‘policy, politics, and problem’ should be aligned to reach considerable unmet need. 237 words
Reaction-based fluorogenic probes for selective detection of cysteinyl oxidation in living cells
Authors: Ferreira Renan , Fu Ling , Yang Jing , Carroll Kate
Published: October 2021

Measuring reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species in cells is established technology, but turn-on fluorescence tools for detecting the products of their reaction with protein cysteines remain essentially unknown. Toward this goal, here we describe fluorogenic probes for sulfenic acid, a redox modification of protein cysteines inextricably linked to signaling and oxidative stress. The probes, called CysOx1 and CysOx2, are reaction-based, exhibit excellent cell permeability, rapid reactivity, and high selectivity with minimal cytotoxicity. We applied CysOx2 in a cell-based 96-well plate assay to determine whether kinase inhibitors modulate protein S-sulfenylation as well as O-phosphorylation. Analysis of these data revealed an unexpected positive association of S-sulfenylation and inhibition of select kinases within the TK, AGC, and CMGC families including GSK3, a multitasking Ser/Thr kinase and emerging therapeutic target for neurodegenerative and mood disorders. Chemoproteomic mapping of sulfenic acid-modified cysteines in GSK3 inhibitor-treated cells shows that sites of S-oxidation localize to regulatory cysteines within key components of antioxidant defense systems. Our studies with CysOx probes offer up new insights into kinase-inhibitor dependent modulation of sulfenylome dynamics and should accelerate future efforts in the modern era of translational redox medicine.
Road Network Evolution in the Urban and Rural United States Since 1900
Authors: Burghardt Keith , Uhl Johannes , Lerman Kristina , Leyk Stefan
Published: October 2021

We examine a key component of human settlements mediating pollution and congestion, as well as economic development: roads and their expansion in cities, towns, and villages. Our analysis of road networks in more than 850 US cities and rural counties since 1900 reveals significant variations in the structure of roads both within cities and across the conterminous US. Despite differences in the evolution of these networks, there are commonalities: newer roads tend to become less grid-like. These results persist across the rural-urban continuum and are therefore not just a product of urban growth. These findings illuminate the need for policies for urban and rural planning including the critical assessment of new development trends.
Effect of Chemical Treatment on Silicon Manganese: Its Morphological, Elemental and Spectral Properties and Its Usage in Concrete
Authors: Yun Chin Mei , Bakri Muhammad Khusairy Bin , Rahman Md Rezaur , Kuok Kuok King , Khui Perry Law Nyuk
Published: October 2021

The effect of chemical treatment on silicon manganese slag and the effect of curing time on the compressive strength of completely replacement coarse aggregate silicon manganese concrete (SMC) relative to normal weight concrete (NWC) with gravel as coarse aggregate is the subject of this paper. Alkali and acidic base chemicals are used to alter the neat silicon manganese slag during chemical preparation. The mixture pattern proportions for Grade 30 and Grade 50, respectively, were used to create the concrete. Before the compressive strength tests, the samples were cast and cured for 7-, 14-, and 28-days. The properties of the silicon manganese slag and its concrete were studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The compressive pressure of SMC30 and SMC50 obtained were 37.3 MPa and 51.1 MPa, respectively, on the 28-day. The alkaline treatment smoothest the matrix, while the acid treatment roughens the composition of the silicon manganese slag, according to SEM. The functional group demonstrated a major improvement in FTIR, while EDS revealed a high content of both silicon (Si) and manganese (Mn) elements. As a result, it can be observed that the power of SMC increases as the curing time increases for samples with complete replacement of normal aggregates using silicon slag