bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UN ACTIVITIES IN THE SETTLEMENT OF THE 2008 RUSSIAN-GEORGIAN WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Markovtsi Taisiya
Published: November 2024

Background. In August 2008, the world witnessed the escalation of the military conflict between Russia and Georgia, which was the result of several complex preconditions and geopolitical relations. The events of that time were marked by a sharp aggravation of the situation in the Caucasus and determined new realities in international relations. The topicality of the article lies in the attempt to consider the problem of war through the participation of the UN in it and to assess the effectiveness of its work in conflict resolution. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the capabilities of the Security Council and the UN in general that could influence the development of events in the region. The purpose of this paper is to trace and evaluate the role of the UN in the settlement of Russia's war against Georgia. Methods. During the research we used the following research methods: systematic – for a comprehensive study of the problem of the powers and work of the UN and the Security Council on conflict resolution as a whole; analysis – by breaking down the research area into its components, participants, and chronological aspects in order to study them comprehensively; historical and content analysis – to consider the content of documents, resolutions, reports, etc. on the UN's work on the issue; induction and deduction to form a conclusion based on all the material. Results. The study examined the main events that took place on the eve of the war, as well as the reaction of the international community, including the role of the UN and its efforts to stop the violence and facilitate a diplomatic settlement. In addition, important resolutions and decisions adopted by the UN were analyzed. Important aspects of the relations between Russia and Georgia are revealed, as well as certain difficulties regarding the possibilities of conflict resolution at the global level and the role of international organizations in ensuring peace and stability in the region. Conclusions. Thus, the analysis concludes that in August 2008, Russia, in violation of the principles of international law, intervened in Georgia's internal affairs by using military force and recognizing the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Russia's actions provoked an immediate reaction from the international community, but the UN's actions in this conflict were not effective enough. Even after urgent meetings of the Security Council and appeals for compliance with the ceasefire agreement, Russia used its veto power to block a resolution to extend the UMONIG mission in the region. Subsequent attempts to resolve the conflict through the General Assembly have not led to concrete action, and the situation remains unresolved. The main aggravating circumstance is the inconsistency of Russia's actions with international norms, which keeps Georgia's sovereign territory under occupation and threatens international stability in the region.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE HYDROECOLOGICAL STATE OF RIVER BASIN SYSTEMS OF THE TERNOPIL REGION: MODERNITY AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Volodymyr Hnatyuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Kapusta T.Ya.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of existing programs at the national and regional level, as well as measures provided for by the Management Plan for the Dniester River Basin District within Ternopil Oblast and aimed at improving the hydro-ecological state of the region’s river basin systems. These are the “State-wide target program for the development of water management and ecological improvement of the Dnipro River basin for the period until 2021”, the state program “Drinking water of Ukraine for 2011-2020”, regional programs: “Program for the protection of the natural environment in the Ternopil region for 2014- 2020”, the program “Drinking water of Ternopil for 2018-2020”, “Program for the development of water management and water-ecological improvement of the natural environment of the Ternopil region for the period until 2021”, a number of investment projects aimed at improving the hydro-ecological condition of the rivers of the Dniester basin in within Ternopil region. The Management Plan for the Dniester River Basin District (PURB Dniester), among other sections, contains a list of programs (plans) of measures for the river basin district, their content and problems to be solved. A total of 28 main measures are proposed for the plan of measures of the Dniester PURB within Ternopil region. Most of them (93%) are aimed at reducing the pollution of water bodies by organic, biogenic and hazardous substances from sewage treatment plants (WTP) in urbanized areas and industrial enterprises (point pollution). The Dniester River Basin District Management Plan also provides for a number of measures aimed at reducing diffuse pollution of water bodies
1787-1792 Osmanlı-Rus ve Avusturya Savaşı’nda Stratejik Bir Oluşum: Kuban Hanlığı
Authors: Bayram Ümmügülsüm Filiz
Published: November 2024

Rus Çarlığı’nın Kafkasya ve Balkanlar’a doğru yayılma planının bir sonucu olarak 1774 Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması’ndan sonra bağımsız bir Kırım Hanlığı kuruldu. Rusya’nın Osmanlı Devleti aleyhine genişleme çabaları Bâbıâlî tarafından dikkatle takip ediliyordu. 1783 yılında Rusya’nın Kırım’ı ilhak etmesi iki devlet arasındaki gerilimi oldukça artırdı. Kırım’ın işgalinden dört yıl sonra 1787 yılında Osmanlı Devleti ve Rus Çarlığı arasında 18. yüzyılın son savaşı başladı. Osmanlı Devleti, Kırım’ın bağımsız olmasından sonra Kuzeydoğu Karadeniz topraklarındaki savunma hattını güçlendirme çalışmaları yapıyordu. 1787-1792 Osmanlı-Rus ve Avusturya Savaşı başladığında buradaki kabilelerin Rus tarafına geçmesini engellemek ve güçlü bir savunma yapabilmek için yeni bir strateji geliştirdi. Bu strateji doğrultusunda Kuban Hanlığını ihdas etti ve Kırım giraylarını bu hanlığın başına getirdi. Çalışmamız, Kuban Hanları olarak Kırım giraylarının Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndaki rollerini, Osmanlı ordusunda “sultan” olarak verdikleri son hizmetlerine odaklanarak incelemektedir. Bu çerçevede Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun askerî gücünü artırmak için yaptığı stratejik hamle bağlamında bölgede yaşayan toplulukların bu mücadeledeki rollerinin anlaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Makalemizde, bölgenin savaş öncesi durumu ve Kuban Hanlığını oluşturan Nogaylar hakkında kısaca bilgi verildi. Ardından Kuban Hanları Şahbaz Giray Sultan ve Baht Giray Sultan’ın 1787-1792 Osmanlı-Rus ve Avusturya Savaşı sırasındaki faaliyetleri anlatıldı. Kırım giraylarının Osmanlı ordusundaki hizmetleri, arşiv belgeleri, Osmanlı kronikleri ve araştırma eserlerinden istifade edilerek ele alındı.
Civic-military schools in Brazil: Feminist lenses to uncover a patriarchal, white supremacist, and queerphobic project
Authors: Dalmaso-Junqueira Bruna , de Lima Iana Gomes
Published: November 2024

This article examines the rise of conservative policies in Brazilian education, particularly since 2014 when teachers became targets of accusations related to "ideological indoctrination" and "gender ideology." The Non-Partisan Schools Movement has significantly contributed to fostering a climate of distrust and the militarisation of education has gained momentum under Jair Bolsonaro's presidency (2019–2022). Focusing on the Civic-Military Schools Program (PECIM), the article employs relational and feminist lenses to analyse the arguments of conservative supporters. Although the policy does not overtly promote anti-gender or anti-feminist rhetoric, its documents and implementation reveal underlying biases. While militarisation is framed as a means to improve educational quality, results indicate a dangerous initiative involving untrained military personnel, abusive behaviours, and practices that undermine the self-esteem of girls, queer and Black students. An intersectional feminist perspective, therefore, is fundamental to highlighting contradictions in conservative discourse and interrupting their policies.
A case of a patient with a Capgras delusion during the postpartum period. Principal author: Dr. Elizabeth Diana Nickram-Validum.
Authors: Validum Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

Objective: To describe the case of a patient with a Capgras delusion within the postpartum period and to highlight its link with violence. Method: The case under consideration in this article serves as an illustrative example of a patient experiencing a psychotic disorder characterized by a Capgras delusion during the postpartum period. The patient is under the conviction that a familiar individual has been supplanted by an indistinguishable impostor. In this instance it is noted that the patient harbors suspicions regarding the malevolent intentions of this impostor, which finally precipitate violent behavior. Result: This case underscores the importance of comprehensive screening for patients with psychosis, particularly in relation to Capgras delusion and its potential association with malevolent intentions. Conclusion: The paramount consideration in instances of psychosis within the postpartum period is the safeguarding of the infant’s welfare. It is advised that a meticulous assessment of the patient’s psychotic manifestations be conducted, given that the potential for violent conduct may encompass familial members at large.
Boolean Algebra (Mathematical Logic) for Grading of Toxicities Associated with Cellular Immune Therapy
Authors: Zugmaier Gerhard , Locatelli Franco
Published: November 2024

In clinical practice toxicity grading is guided by scales such as the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. These scales assign grades (usually from 1 to 5) to various toxicities based on severity. Cellular Immunotherapies, whose mechanism of action incudes directing T cells to target cells can be associated with special side effects such as cytokine release syndrome or neurologic toxicity. The American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy has developed an easily applicable, logical and concise system to categorize and grade cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity. Cytokine release syndrome is a systemic inflammatory response that can occur after immune cell therapy. Neurologic toxicity can also occur after immune cell therapy. It can include encephalopathy, delirium, headache, anxiety, sleep disorder, dizziness, aphasia, motor dysfunction, tremor, ataxia, seizure, dyscalculia, myoclonus. Boolean algebra can be used to automate and standardize this grading process by translating it into a mathematical framework that combines different clinical signs and symptoms. In this study we apply Boolean algebra as mathematical tool to define and grade Cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity by the criteria of the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy.
Decolonization to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections 2024 State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Septimus Edward
Published: November 2024

Colonization with health care-associated pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Gram-negative organisms, and Clostridioides difficile is associated with increased risk of infection. Decolonization is an evidence-based intervention that can be used to prevent health care-associated infections. This review evaluates agents used for nasal topical decolonization, topical (e.g., skin) decolonization, oral decolonization, and selective digestive or oropharyngeal decontamination. Although the majority of studies performed to date have focused on S. aureus decolonization, there is increasing interest in how to apply decolonization strategies to reduce infections due to Gram- negative organisms, especially those that are multidrug resistant. Nasal topical decolonization agents reviewed include mupirocin, povidone-iodine, alcohol-based nasal antiseptic, and photodynamic therapy. Topical decolonization agents reviewed included chlorhexidine gluconate, and povidone-iodine. Of these, CHG is the skin decolonization agent that has the strongest evidence base. There is also evidence to support the use of selective digestive decontamination and selective oropharyngeal decontamination, but additional studies are needed to assess resistance to these agents, especially selection for resistance. Small studies have shown some effect of fecal microbiota transplant against multidrug resistant gram-negative organisms. Some of the strongest evidence for decolonization is to prevent surgical site infections in high-risk procedures primarily cardiac and orthopedic procedures.
Nodular gastritis and gastric intestinal metaplasia: Two bedfellows with the same dream who wake up in different worlds
Authors: Lam Shiu , Lau George
Published: November 2024

Nodular gastritis (NG) and gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) are both the aftermath of H. pylori infection. Despite vigorous attempts to eradicate H. pylori in the past 4 decades, the infection has dropped, rather unimpressively, from 58.2% to 43.1%. Prevalence has been reported as 5% for NG and 25% for GIM. NG affects children and young adults especially females, and the symptoms are those of non-specific dyspepsia, whereas GIM is asymptomatic. NG is usually diagnosed at endoscopy with classical multitudinous nodules covering the antrum but also the body, and confirmed by the histological feature of lymphoid follicles, the basis of the nodules. GIM is detected by multiple biopsies (8 has been proposed, particularly for regions with high gastric cancer rates), and is graded histologically as mild, moderate, and severe. NG is treated by eradication of the H. pylori infection; if untreated, there is a 5% chance that extensive NG could develop into diffuse gastric cancer in 3 to 5 years. GIM does not iimprove despite successful eradication of H. pylori, nor does it respond to any other medical treatment. If untreated, there is a 5.8% chance for severe GIM to develop into gastric cancer in 5 years. Management of GIM has been by surveillance, with treatment instituted once early cancer appears. Management, however, has been revolutionized recently with the introduction of endoscopic mucosal resection using Lam’s technique. It is proposed that once detected, both NG and GIM should be treated vigorously until they are healed, to prevent possible malignant change.
Histoligical analysis of ridge augmentation with Autologus Dentin graft and Acellular Dermal matrix: A Descriptive Case Report
Authors: Mahesh Lanka , Salama Maurice , Shukla Sagrika , Bali Praful , Rajagopal Athreya
Published: November 2024

Aim: to analyze autologus dentin graft and its effectiveness in regeneration histologically. Material and method: Three implants were placed in mandibular anterior region, for which dentin graft was obtained via grade III mobile teeth 35 and 44, they were extracted, cleaned of all the remnants then grinded into particle size of 300-1200 μm in a sterile grinding chamber. Autologous dentin graft was secured using membrane (Alloderm® GBR membrane, Biohorizons, Inc) with auto tracks. At 4 months during second stage, a bone core was obtained for histological examination using 3.2 mm trephine, the core site was then grafted with beta-TCP and was sutured, following which implant prosthesis was given to the patient. Results: The surgical procedure and the healing was uneventful and patient did not show any discomfort. Histologically, at 4 months, bone grafted section shows the presence of dentin graft along with formation of new mature bone at the junction and vicinity of graft material. Conclusion: autologous dentin graft shows promising results as a biocompatible regenerative material with low resorption rate and can be used as a substitute for autogenous bone grafts and synthetic bone grafts.
Addressing Breast Cancer Disparities in Brazil: A Roadmap for Innovative Strategies
Authors: Resende Heloisa , Aguiar Vinicius , Santos Nataline , Souza Rafael , Novaes Bernardo , Mello Frederico , Mello Filippe , Oliveira Caio , Pincowsky Carolina , Mattar André
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant disease among women worldwide, with a rising incidence. It poses a significant burden in Latin America, where mortality rates have remained consistently high over recent decades, in contrast to some high-income countries (HICs), where these rates have decreased. The increase in survival rates has been driven by expanded screening coverage and advancements in the treatment of stage II, III, and metastatic breast cancer. Achieving similar improvements in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the incorporation of these strategies, which has been particularly challenging in resource-limited settings. In this narrative review, we have analyzed laws and ordinances launched by Brazilian government since the creation of its public health system in 1990. Alongside analysis of these governmental landmarks, we have pointed out the main published results regarding breast cancer staging distribution at diagnosis, strategies for timely diagnosis, screening coverage and barriers to treatment access in the last decades, aiming to understand the achievements by implemented public politics. Once, we have described the public health scenario in breast cancer, we have identified factors that represent bottlenecks to improve outcomes in breast cancer in Brazil and have proposed potential actions that might change this landscape. These actions could be centered on timely diagnosis and treatment beginning, attempt to widen access to new medicines, widen telehealth utilization since breast cancer detected abnormalities up to treatment and follow up after treatment conclusion. The authors have discussed how these actions could be implemented in Brazilian public health system, aiming to drive better outcomes.
Optimization of a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement programme: TAVR nurse protocol
Authors: Cebrian Miryam , González Ignacio , Meléndez Sara , Gatta Marta , Egido Elena , Sanchez Rosa , Sánchez Pedro
Published: November 2024

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has become the treatment of choice in aortic stenosis for high-risk patients and an effective and safe alternative in intermediate and low-risk cases. The success of the procedure, good outcomes, increasing indications and an ageing population have led to an exponential increase in transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedures, leading to the development of specifics programmes. Our aim was to redesign our transcatheter aortic valve replacement programme by implementing a nurse role to improve the quality and efficiency in the clinical management of candidate patients. We developed a protocol based on comprehensive, coordinated and patient-centred care, with a multidisciplinary character, reinforcing the nurse role as coordinator-facilitator. The nurse role was implemented in 2022 in our hospital. We described the responsibilities assumed by the nurse during pre-, intra- and post- transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure phases. The main pillars were patient and family education, holistic assessment, as well as ensuring continuity of care by accompanying the patient and family throughout the entire process. The transition to a minimalist approach together with the implementation of an early discharge protocol has helped to reduce the hospital stay. Developing patient-centred programmes and giving importance to information, education, accompaniment and management of patients' motivations and expectations helped to improve their satisfaction during the process. Monitoring the patient's perceived experience of the process allowed us to detect areas for improvement in order to move towards quality care.
YWYPÓRY REKÓ E'Y RUPI E A ‘ESCUTATÓRIA-DIALOGAL’
Authors: Nascimento Sueli do , Zimmermann Tânia Regina , Bezerra de Carvalho Alonso
Published: November 2024

“Onhombo’e Rapé”, fruto da pesquisa de doutorado, propôs-se criar uma escutatória-dialogal. A partir dela, ocorreram os Nhanimboatyá Nhanderu rekó-re, dialogando com uma cosmovisão indígena. A escutatória-dialogal, num “Onhombo’e Rapé”, foi utilizada metodologicamente com o público-alvo: professores da educação básica, do ensino superior e da escola indígena. Para uma abordagem qualitativa e procedimento metodológico, recorreu-se à pesquisa-participante. Para a coleta de dados, à observação participante e ao diário de campo. Envolveram-se pensadores latino-americanos e indígenas sobre formação, saberes ancestrais e currículo, para, com eles, refletir sobre a condição do trabalho docente. O trabalho também se propôs destacar a resistência dos povos contra os projetos de extermínio, sua luta pela preservação cultural e a relação da Educação, resultando na importância do “Onhombo’e Rapé”, através da escutatória-dialogal além da sala de aula, no intuito de fomentar novas discussões.
Skin as a mirror of metabolic syndrome: Do some dermatoses alarm internal metabolic sinister?
Authors: Vora Rita , Patel Nikita , Hirma Shubhangi , Jadav Kishan
Published: November 2024

Metabolic syndrome is a group of abnormalities in metabolism including hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. Etiopathogenesis is multifactorial including genetic and environmental factors. It is more prevalent in recent decade due to sedentary lifestyle with unhygienic food habits and cause increased prevalence in younger age group. This abnormal metabolism leads to oxidative stress in body involving multiple inflammatory pathways. There are so many dermatoses which are associated with metabolic syndrome due to common factors are involved in etiopathogenesis. These includes psoriasis, acne vulgaris, acanthosis nigricans, hidradenitis suppurativa, atopic dermatitis, androgenetic alopecia, lichen planus. There is increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and damage to cardiovascular system. Early diagnosis and management are required to reduce risk of complications. These includes active lifestyle, dietary changes and medications.
Quality of life in alopecia areata: A disease specific questionnaire
Authors: Sree Teja , Penumatsa Pravallika , Chilakapati Laxmi Shalini , Samanthula Haritha
Published: November 2024

: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease, impacts 2% of the population worldwide and has a significant impact on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals.

: To assess quality of life in patients with alopecia areata using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). To study the quality of life in relation to age group and gender.

: In this study 40 patients with alopecia areata were enrolled and asked to complete the DLQI questionnaire.

: Out of the 40 patients with AA, there were 26 (65%) males and 14 (35%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.85: 1. A majority (58.03%) of patients were between 31 and 40 years of age. Employees and students were more affected. Patients with longer duration had moderate to very large effect on QOL. 65% patients were concerned about their disease.

: This study indicates that alopecia areata has a small to very large effect on the quality of life of the patients. Hence, Psychological evaluation and support should be considered.
Role of intralesional platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in the treatment of recalcitrant oral ulcers of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Tiwary Pankaj Kumar , Hussain Md. Mobarak , Singh Anupama
Published: November 2024

Pemphigus Vulgaris is a chronic, autoimmune vesiculobullous disorder in which 80-90% of patients develop oral lesions and in 60% of cases, oral lesions are the first sign. The platelet-rich concentrate present in autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has a high concentration of growth factors that promote the synthesis of collagen and extracellular matrix. The wound healing property of PRP can be used to treat recalcitrant oral ulcers of pemphigus as it accelerates the healing process, prevents the patients from side effects of steroids, and reduces the pain and discomfort of the patients.

To assess the role of intralesional Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy in the treatment of recalcitrant oral ulcers of pemphigus vulgaris.

A total of 15 histo-pathologically proven cases of Pemphigus Vulgaris under treatment, in whom the skin lesions had healed up to 90% but the oral ulcers were still persistent were included in the study. The severity of the ulcers were monitored by calculating the POLIS (Pemphigus Oral Lesion Intensity Score). Autologous intralesional PRP was administered in 3 sittings 7 days apart and the result was evaluated by change in POLIS score after each sitting. The data was analyzed using SPSS IBM version 26.0.

Out of the total cases, 12 patients were female and 3 were male. Intralesional PRP was found to accelerate the healing of recalcitrant oral erosions. It was found that POLIS was reduced after every PRP session. The paired t-test was conducted to compare the mean scores of POLIS-0 and POLIS-3. The result indicates a significant difference between the pre-intervention mean score POLIS-0 (M=19, SD=3.25) and post-intervention mean score POLIS-3 (M=6.6, SD=2.97), t(14)=13.33,p<0.001.

Intralesional PRP has been found to improve the recalcitrant oral ulcers of pemphigus vulgaris. Hence, it can be a treatment option where oral and topical corticosteroids fail to respond or are contraindicated.
Comparative study of efficacy of intense pulsed light versus Intralesional triamcinolone in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids
Authors: Naik Bhargav , Pathrikar Shilpa Haibatti , Bhatt Anuj , Miranda Trish Larissa , Kamboj Hiteshi
Published: November 2024

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are hyperproliferative response of dermal connective tissue to trauma. Their management remains a challenge for practitioners as there is still no universally accepted treatment, leading to recurrences which are frustrating for patients and clinicians alike. Hence, it becomes essential to determine a modality with highest efficacy, least recurrence and better patient compliance.

To compare the therapeutic effectiveness of Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide versus Intense pulsed light for treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.

A single centre, cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 patients. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups, group one received Intralesional steroids ( ILS)-triamcinolone acetonide and group two was treated by Intense pulsed light(IPL).Both groups were accessed for improvement every 15 days until 5 sessions were complete.

Both study groups showed significant changes after treatment. Patients treated with ILS showed greater reduction in height. IPL group showed significant reduction in vascularity . Pigmentary outcomes were more favourable with IPL, whereas with ILS hypopigmentation was noted as a common side effect. Both groups showed significant reduction in pliability.

Both regimens showed excellent responses with minimum recurrence rates, indicating their high efficacy in management of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
Dermatological manifestations and associated factors in patients with Graves\' disease in Dakar
Authors: Diop Assane , Diadie Saer , Ndiaye Mame Tene , Faye Mame Fatou , Tounsi Ismail , Seck Aby , Diédhiou Demba , Diatta Boubacar Ahi , Ndiaye Maodo , Lèye Abdoulaye , Ly Fatimata , Niang Suzanne Oumou
Published: November 2024

: The dermatological manifestations of Graves' disease exhibit a polymorphic nature. Our objective was to delineate the diverse cutaneous, mucosal, and pharyngeal manifestations associated with Graves' disease and to assess the influence of the received treatments.

: This cross-sectional study involved the prospective collection of data conducted between March 1st and August 31st, 2021. We enrolled patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with Graves' disease and under follow-up care at two referral endocrinology units.

: Out of the 288 enrolled patients, 210 (72.9%) presented dermatological manifestations. The average age was 38.27 years, and the sex ratio was 0.117. Notably, 44.7% (n=84) of patients reported a history of voluntary skin bleaching. The predominant dermatological manifestations included palmar and/or plantar hyperpigmentation (55.7%), dry and brittle hair (47.6%), non-scarring alopecia (45%), axillary depilation (36.2%), hand wetness (22.8%), skin xerosis (18.6%), pruritus (17%), eyebrow tail sign (16.2%), palmar and/or plantar keratoderma (14.3%), brittle nails (9%), pretibial myxedema (1.4%), and one case of lichenoid toxidermia related to thiamazole. Notably, pruritus showed a statistically significant correlation with the use of oral phytotherapy (p=0.04784). Among former patients, cutaneous hyperpigmentation was statistically associated with carbimazole (p=0.03721) and propranolol (p=0.009850).

: The primary dermatological feature in Graves' disease is characterized by the prevalence of cutaneous hyperpigmentation. The persistence of these manifestations for some patients may be attributed to the treatments administered.
Effects of relaxation techniques in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women: A systematic review
Authors: Chaudhary Priyanka , Garg Ram Kumar
Published: November 2024

Infertility affects millions of women worldwide and can lead to increased levels of stress and anxiety, impacting overall well-being and quality of life. Relaxation techniques, such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Yoga, Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique (PMR), and Guided Imagery, have emerged as potential interventions to alleviate emotional distress in infertile women. A comprehensive review of the existing literature is needed to assess the effectiveness of these techniques in addressing stress and anxiety in the context of infertility.

Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases for relevant studies published up to September 2021. The search used keywords related to relaxation techniques, infertility, stress, and anxiety. Two reviewers screened the identified articles based on predefined criteria. Included studies examined the effectiveness of relaxation techniques in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women and used validated measures as outcomes. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed.

The review included 18 studies that explored various relaxation techniques' effectiveness in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women. MBSR, Yoga, PMR, and Guided Imagery interventions consistently showed significant reductions in perceived stress and anxiety levels. MBSR interventions proved particularly promising in promoting emotional well-being and coping with infertility challenges. Yoga offered a holistic approach, incorporating physical postures, breath control, and meditation to address multifaceted stress. PMR provided practical coping tools, and Guided Imagery offered guided visualization for anxiety management.

This systematic review highlights the potential of relaxation techniques like MBSR, Yoga, PMR, and Guided Imagery in reducing stress and anxiety among infertile women. These interventions offer accessible and cost-effective strategies to enhance emotional well-being and coping skills in infertility contexts. Healthcare providers and counselors can consider incorporating these techniques into treatment plans to address the emotional needs of infertile women and improve their overall well-being and quality of life.
Tubal pathologies in benign hysterectomies
Authors: Maddurappa Manvitha , Karanam Ramya , Katti Kala
Published: November 2024

Fallopian tube is a pair of hollow, muscular tubes that are located at the upper margin of the uterus's broad ligament on each side of the uterus. The most frequent illness among women in the reproductive age range is salpingitis, where about 11% of females are affected. Para tubal cysts, hydrosalpinx, endometriosis and walthard cell nests are one of the common lesions of the fallopian tubes.

To evaluate the tubal pathologies in benign hysterectomies done in a tertiary care hospital.

We conducted a retrospective observational study for 15 months from October 2022 to December 2023 on 110 women who underwent hysterectomies along with salpingectomies or undertook the procedure as a part of tuboovarian masses in our hospital. These surgically resected specimens of fallopian tube which were received during the study period were included. Haemotoxylin and eosin stained histopathology slides of these cases were examined for a detailed analysis of histological patterns of various fallopian tube lesions. The data was represented in percentages and frequencies.

: Among the 110 study participants, the minimum age of the women were 35 years and the maximum age was 64 years. The most common diagnosis in our study was Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) which was among 87 (78.8%) of the patients, followed by ovarian cyst (8.1%) and fibroid (6.3%). The tubal pathology was abnormal in 54.5% of the study participants. Majority of the abnormal tubal pathology was found to be paratubal cyst corresponding to 30.6% and 18% in the right and left fallopian tubes respectively followed by hydrosalphinx in the right fallopian tubes corresponding to 10.8%.

This study concluded that more than 50% of fallopian tubes had aberrant diseases. Thus, a salpingectomy along with hysterectomy is beneficial to the patient in order to prevent further morbidity.
A diagnostic value of Pipelle endometrial sampling in comparison with dilatation and curettage among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Desai Rashmi S , Vaijinath Maheshwari , Vishwaradhya Nachiketha S , Vasudevamurthy Venkatesh Kariganur
Published: November 2024

Pipelle aspirator and Dilatation and Curettage (D&C) commonly used to obtain the endometrial sample in patients of abnormal uterine bleed (AUB). This study was conducted to determine the reliability of pipelle device in acquiring an adequate representative endometrial sample when compared to D&C.

This prospective comparative study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in India. One hundred cases of AUB attending the outpatient clinic due to endometrial causes (thick endometrium≥ 12mm in the reproductive and ≥ 4mm in postmenopausal age) were included for the study. Exclusion criteria: AUB due to proven endometrial polyp, coagulopathy. The endometrial sample was taken by the Pipelle device and D&C on the same day. A pathologist, who was blinded to the methods of sample collection, reported the same. The histopathology reports of the Pipelle were compared with that of the D&C sample and the D&C report was considered the gold standard.

A 2×2 table of true positive (TP) true negative (TN), False positive (FP) and False negative (FN) was prepared and used for calculating sensitivity, specificity of the pipelle method when compared to D&C.

The pathologists classified 96% of the pipelle and 100% of D&C samples as adequate. Higher age, postmenopausal status and thinner endometrium were associated with inadequate sample in pipelle. Pipelle sample had 100% sensitivity and specificity for detecting endometrial carcinoma, hyperplasia, with or without atypia. Pipelle method could not identify any of the polyp, diagnosed with D&C. Pipelle had good correlation for detecting proliferative, secretory endometrium and endometritis.

Pipelle device provides adequate sample for histopatholgical examination 96% of the patients. Pipelle sample is 100% sensitive and specific for diagnosing endometrial carcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia with or without atypia. Pipelle method is ineffective for diagnosing polyp.
Evaluation of efficacy of mentzer index for screening of beta - Thalassemia trait in antenatal women
Authors: Kaur Sukhmanjit , Pahwa Sangeeta , Kakkar Simran , Kaur Japji
Published: November 2024

People with thalassemia trait should be distinguished from those who have anemia due to iron deficiency since they typically have mild microcytic hypochromic anemia and are mostly asymptomatic.

: To evaluate efficacy of Mentzer index for screening Beta- Thalassemia trait in pregnant women.

From January 2023 to October 2023, the observational study was carried out in the Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics at Sri Guru Ram Das Charitable Hospital Amritsar. The study comprised 130 pregnant women with anemia. To assess microcytic hypochromic anemia, tests like complete blood count (CBC), peripheral blood smears, iron studies, and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed. Mentzer Index (MI) was computed, and its specificity and sensitivity assessed.

Of the 130 patients, 112 had Mentzer Index greater than 13 and 18 had Mentzer Index less than 13 but only 12 out of these18 had beta thal-trait according to HPLC. There were total 15 females having beta thal-trait as per HPLC, however 3 of the 15 had Mentzer >13. Conserding Beta thal-trait, the Mentzer Index's sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 95.65% in this study, and 95.33% and 86.96% for IDA.

Mentzer Index (MI) is a helpful tool to distinguish iron deficiency from thalassemia trait as its specificity and sensitivity is high as electrophoresis in diagnosis. In situations with limited resources, this proves to be advantageous in terms of cost-effectiveness.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) a multimodal perioperative care pathway in cesarean deliveries
Authors: Moharana Rajalaxmi , Manoghna Gorantala , Dash Sudarshan , Jena Pramila , Rath S. K
Published: November 2024

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is an evidence based perioperative program applied for early recovery of patients after surgery to reduce the postoperative surgical stress and hasten early physiological and functional recovery. The present study is focused on application of ERAS protocol in the branch of obstetrics following cesarean sections.

The primary objective is to compare the efficacy between post-operative recommendations of ERAS protocols and traditional post-operative care in cesarean sections.

A total of 300 patients were included in this study from November 2020 to October 2022 from the inpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Pradyumna Bal Memorial hospital, KIMS, Bhubaneswar.

Out of 300 patients, 150 were in ERAS group and 150 were in control (conventional) group. The median Length of stay (LOS) of ERAS and control group were 3 and 5 days respectively (p<0.01). The median patient satisfaction score on Likert scale was 4 and 3 for ERAS and control group respectively (p<0.01).

The application of ERAS in post-operative period after cesarean has showed significant results in decreasing length of stay and better patient satisfaction score.
Insights into fetomaternal outcomes in pre-eclampsia: A tertiary care center descriptive study
Authors: Subburam Rajalakshmi , Sharma Nidhi , Amthul Nimrah
Published: November 2024

Preeclampsia and eclampsia remain significant challenges in both maternal and perinatal health worldwide, with a pronounced impact in regions such as India, where access to comprehensive maternal care can be limited. The objective of this study was to examine the outcomes for both mothers and babies, along with the complications linked to severe cases of preeclampsia and eclampsia, within a tertiary healthcare facility situated in South India.

: Sixty-five pregnant women diagnosed with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia were enrolled in this descriptive observational study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Chennai, spanning from March 2023 to December 2023. Inclusion criteria comprised women with singleton pregnancies exhibiting severe preeclampsia (defined by blood pressure ≥160/110 mmHg and 1+ or more albuminuria) or eclampsia. Exclusion criteria included chronic hypertension, multiple pregnancies, chronic renal disease, connective tissue disorder, neurological complications, and refusal of consent. Data on sociodemographic variables, obstetric characteristics, maternal symptoms, and complications were collected using a structured questionnaire. Maternal and fetal well-being were assessed through biochemical, radiological, and nonstress tests.

: The results revealed that 80% of the study population with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia fell within the age group of 21-30 years, with 49.2% aged between 26-30 years. Majority (60%) were primigravida. Common maternal symptoms included headache (60%), oedema (76.9%), with fewer experiencing epigastric pain (3.1%) and vaginal bleeding (15.4%). Complications observed were HELLP syndrome (12.35%), placental abruption (7.7%), and eclampsia (10.8%). Perinatal outcomes included intrauterine fetal death (4.6%), fetal growth retardation (23.1%), low birth weight (30.8%), respiratory distress syndrome (4.6%), and stillbirth (1.5%), with 35.4% being normal births.

This study emphasises the substantial impact of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia on the health of both mothers and fetuses, underscoring the importance of thorough antenatal care, prompt identification of risk factors, and timely interventions to minimise negative consequences. There is a clear call for additional research to investigate and implement effective strategies for prevention and management, aiming to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates associated with these hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.
A case series on endometrial cancer in multipara and their prognostication based on IHC markers
Authors: Rathod Revati Nitin , Junnare Ketaki Kaustubh , Hol Kishorkumar Vitthal , Gogate Bageshri
Published: November 2024

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the leading gynecological malignancies across the globe. With advent of molecular analysis, establishing an accurate treatment plan and improving patient outcome has become eminent. In resource limited settings like India, surrogate IHC markers like hormonal receptor expression are congruous substitutes that aid to accurately predict patient prognosis. In this case series, expression of hormonal receptors in multiparous women and it’s association with patient outcome seen as disease free survival at a span of 2 years was compared. This study opines inclusion of hormonal receptors in evaluation of endometrial carcinoma patients to accurately comment on patient outcome.
Formation of contrasting polychromatic object images based on multi-window acousto-optical filtering
Authors:   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force “Air Force Academy named after prof. N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin", Shipko V.V. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation RAS, Pozhar V.E. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation RAS, Machikhin A.S. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation RAS, Sharikova M.O. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation RAS, Kananykhin O.A. ,   Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation RAS, Pisarevsky Y.V. ,   NRC Kurchatov Institute, Sergeev I.B. ,   NRC Kurchatov Institute
Published: November 2024

The article presents a technique for acousto-optical multispectral imaging based on choosing the most informative spectral channels and the formation of a multi-window transmission function of an acousto-optical tunable filter. The developed algorithm allows one to select combinations of spectral channels that provide high contrast for a given set of objects and backgrounds with known spectra. The method is tested on the contrast visualization of 20 different object-background pairs with a similar color tone. The results of the experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and algorithm.
Associação entre obesidade e hipertensão em crianças: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: De Moura Peixoto Jenifer , Melo Guerreiro Pereira Juliana , Seixas de Melo Giovana , Machado de Araujo Gustavo , Freire Anijar Iran , Dos Santos Carneiro Netto Ernani , Maués Oliveira Hanna Leila
Published: November 2024

A obesidade é uma enfermidade crônica de magnitude alarmante, associada a diversas patologias, como câncer, diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares. Neste cenário, a hipertensão arterial infantil emerge como uma inquietação relevante, dada a correlação entre o excesso de adiposidade e distúrbios metabólicos e inflamatórios que concorrem para o aumento da pressão arterial. A presente revisão integrativa da literatura tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre obesidade e hipertensão infantil, destacando fatores de risco associados a ambas as condições. A pesquisa foi conduzida mediante a consulta das bases de dados PubMed e BVS, com uma seleção criteriosa de 126 artigos, dos quais 27 foram submetidos a uma análise detalhada de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade, resultando na síntese dos resultados. Observou-se que os estudos investigados corroboram uma sólida associação entre obesidade e hipertensão em crianças, revelando uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre essas condições. Em conclusão, os padrões alimentares emergem como elementos determinantes para os riscos associados à obesidade, enquanto a falta de atividade física se correlaciona diretamente com o desenvolvimento concomitante da obesidade e da hipertensão.
Синтез композиционных материалов с использованием боратовой руды РК в режиме СВС
Authors: Абдулкаримова Р.Г. , Сейдуалиева А.Ж.
Published: November 2024

В статье представлены экспериментальные результаты по получению композитов на основе системы Cr2O3-В203-Al и ZrSiO4-Al-B2O3-С c использованием боратовой руды Индерского месторождения РК при широком варьировании концентрационных соотношений компонентов в исходных смесях методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС), являющегося разновидностью горения. Показано, что продуктами экзотермического взаимодействия в процессе горения являются высокотемпературные соединения боридов хрома, циркония, карбид циркония. Оксид алюминия, имеющий также высокую температуру плавления, в керамическом композите образует дисперсную фазу и керамическую связку. Установлены влияние состава исходной шихты, предварительной механической активации до проведения СВ-синтеза на формирование микроструктуры, состав полученных композиционных материалов. Показана возможность использования боратов Индерского месторождения РК в качестве борсодержащего компонента при получении композиционных материалов методом СВС.
Comparative Analysis of the Methods of Planning and Coordinating of Manipulator Robot Movement
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Khotsyanovsky Volodymyr
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a comparative analysis of two methods for planning and coordinating the movement of robot manipulators in dynamic environments: a neural network-based approach for solving dynamic production scenarios and the rapidly exploring random trees algorithm. The study aims to enhance the trajectory planning of robot manipulators by leveraging the strengths of intelligent systems. The neural network method is designed to perceive the environment, generate accurate control commands, and adapt to changing conditions in real-time. The paper the processes involved in environmental analysis, collision avoidance, and control signal generation for actuators, with an emphasis on the neural network architecture tailored for these tasks. The results demonstrate that the neural network approach offers significant improvements in adaptability and efficiency, providing a robust solution for optimizing automated processes in dynamic production environments.