bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrative Medicine in America—-How Integrative Medicine is Being Practiced in Clinical Centers across the United States
Authors: Horrigan Bonnie , Lewis Sheldon , Abrams Donald I. , Pechura Constance
Published: August 2012

The impetus for developing and implementing integrative medicine strategies is rooted in the desire to improve patient care.

The Bravewell Collaborative, a philanthropic organization that works to improve healthcare, defines integrative medicine as “an approach to care that puts the patient at the center and addresses the full range of physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, and environmental influences that affect a person's health. Employing a personalized strategy that considers the patient's unique conditions, needs, and circumstances, it uses the most appropriate interventions from an array of scientific disciplines to heal illness and disease and help people regain and maintain optimum health.”

Over the past 2 decades, there has been documented growth in the number of clinical centers providing integrative medicine, the number of medical schools teaching integrative strategies, the number of researchers studying integrative interventions, and the number of patients seeking integrative care. But whether integrative medicine was being offered in the same, similar, or disparate ways was unknown. In addition, while previous studies focused on the prevalence and use of complementary or alternative medicine (CAM) by patients1,2 or by practitioners in hospital settings3 by enumerating the use of single CAM therapies, very little information had been collected regarding the actual practice of integrative medicine, which by definition treats the whole person.

In 2011, The Bravewell Collaborative commissioned a survey to determine how integrative medicine was currently being practiced across the United States by (1) describing the patient populations and health conditions most commonly treated, (2) defining the core practices and models of care, (3) ascertaining how services are reimbursed, (4) identifying the values and principles underlying the care, and (5) determining the biggest factors driving successful implementation.

Twenty-nine integrative medicine centers and programs across the nation were chosen to participate in the study. This group included the nine centers in The Bravewell Clinical Network plus 20 others that, directed by either a physician, other doctoral level healthcare practitioner, or nurse, were chosen on the basis of length of time in operation (a minimum of 3 years), patient volume, and/or prior clinical contributions to the field.
Adaptive backstepping flight control for a mini‐UAV
Authors: Lungu Mihai , Lungu Romulus
Published: August 2012

The paper presents the design of a mini‐unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) attitude controller using the backstepping method. Starting from the nonlinear dynamic equations of the mini‐UAV, by using the backstepping method, the authors of this paper obtained the expressions of the elevator, rudder, and aileron deflections, which stabilize the UAV at each moment to the desired values of the attitude angles. The attitude controller controls the attitude angles, the angular rates, the angular accelerations, and other variables describing the UAV longitudinal and lateral motions. The designed controller has been implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment, and its effectiveness has been tested with a campaign of numerical simulations using data from the UAV flight tests. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive observer for a class of nonlinear systems with time‐varying delays
Authors: Mondal Sharifuddin , Chung Wan Kyun
Published: August 2012

The adaptive observer design problems have been extensively studied in literature for both linear and nonlinear systems. Some researches have also been carried out on adaptive observer design for linear time‐delay systems, but there is no significant work on adaptive observer design for nonlinear time‐delay systems. In this work, the adaptive observer design problem for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems is considered. The observer is designed for the nonlinear systems whose nonlinear functions satisfy Lipschitz condition. Like conventional adaptive observers for the systems without time delays, this observer also estimates both states and unknown parameters simultaneously. For this property, it will be very much useful for many real‐time systems where time delays cannot be avoided. The sufficient conditions for existence of the observer are derived using the linear matrix inequality approach. With the help of a numerical example, effectiveness of the proposed observer is demonstrated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reductively Dissociable siRNA‐Polymer Hybrid Nanogels for Efficient Targeted Gene Silencing
Authors: Hong Cheol Am , Kim Jee Seon , Lee Soo Hyeon , Kong Won Ho , Park Tae Gwan , Mok Hyejung , Nam Yoon Sung
Published: August 2012

A highly efficient approach for target‐specific gene silencing based on a reductively dissociable nanogel incorporating small interfering RNA (siRNA) crosslinked with linear polyethylenimine (LPEI) via disulfide bonds is presented. Thiol‐terminated siRNA at both 3′‐ends is electrostatically complexed with thiol‐grafted LPEI. The prepared siRNA/LPEI complex contains inter‐ and intramolecular linkages, generating a mutually crosslinked siRNA/LPEI nanogel (MCN) that exhibits excellent structural stability against the addition of heparin but is readily disintegrated to biologically active, monomeric siRNA upon exposure to reductive conditions. Accordingly, the highly condensed, stable MCN shows greatly enhanced cellular uptake and gene silencing efficiency compared to the siRNA/LPEI complexes without crosslinks or with only LPEI‐mediated crosslinks.
A General Approach to Substituted Benzimidazoles and Benzoxazoles via Heterogeneous Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydrogen‐Transfer with Primary Amines
Authors: Pizzetti Marianna , De Luca Elisa , Petricci Elena , Porcheddu Andrea , Taddei Maurizio
Published: August 2012

The synthesis of benzimidazoles starting from o‐phenylenediamines and amines in the presence of palladium on charcoal as catalyst is reported. Under microwave dielectric heating it is possible to use a tertiary, a secondary, and even a primary amine as the substrate for a palladium‐mediated process to get 2‐substituted or 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazoles, depending on the nature of the o‐phenylenediamine employed. Primary amines are the most suitable reagents for the atom economy of the overall process that resulted to be general as several different substituted benzimidazoles were obtained in good yield. Benzoxazoles can be also prepared starting from primary amines and o‐aminophenol. The reaction is also highly selective as no (poly)‐alkylated phenylenediamines or cross‐contaminated benzimidazoles are obtained starting from N‐monoalkylphenylenediamines. This behavior was interpreted as a scarce aptitude to dehydrogenation of the methylene bonded to the aromatic NH of N‐alkylarylamines. The experiments carried out consent to draw an almost complete picture of the reaction pathways occurring during the process. The catalyst can be recycled several times and, although far from optimal performances, catalyst TON=90 is encouraging for further large‐scale optimization protocols. In addition, the palladium on charcoal‐catalyzed microwave‐assisted reaction of o‐phenylenediamine gives de‐alkylation of tertiary amines and transformation into the secondary ones.
Reversible Alkylation of Dimedone with Aldehyde: A Neglected Way for Maximizing Selectivity of Three‐Component Reactions of Dimedone and an Aldehyde
Authors: Li Minghao , Gu Yanlong
Published: August 2012

The selectivity of a three‐component electrophilic reaction of an aldehyde with dimedone and another carbon‐based nucleophile could be improved by a reversible alkylation procedure, which involves formation, breaking and regeneration of CC bonds. In the presence of iron(III) chloride and triphenylphosphine, an analogous CC bond breaking can be observed in the reaction of 2,3,4,9‐tetrahydro‐9‐(2‐hydroxy‐4,4‐dimethyl‐6‐oxo‐1‐cyclohexen‐1‐yl)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1H‐xanthen‐1‐one, in which the fragment of dimedone was replaced by a carbon‐based nucleophile. Inspired by this observation, some three‐component reactions of salicyldehyde and dimedone were successfully developed by using iron(III) chloride and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as catalyst. PPh3 plays the role of hydrogen bond acceptor, which confers a good flexibility of the substrate by weakening the intramolecular hydrogen bond, allowing thus an easy interaction of the substrate with iron(III) chloride catalyst.
Palladium‐Catalyzed and Hybrid Acids‐Assisted Synthesis of [60]Fulleroazepines in One Pot under Mild Conditions: Annulation of N‐Sulfonyl‐2‐aminobiaryls with [60]Fullerene through Sequential C‐H Bond Activation, C‐C and C‐N Bond Formation
Authors: Rajeshkumar Venkatachalam , Chan Fu‐Wei , Chuang Shih‐Ching
Published: August 2012

An extraordinarily efficient hybrid acids‐assisted, palladium‐catalyzed and chelating‐group‐assisted CH bond activation of N‐sulfonyl‐2‐aminobiaryls and their annulations with [60]fullerene via sequential CC and CN bond formation at room temperature to afford [60]fulleroazepines is demonstrated. The formation of [60]fulleroazepines is highly regioselective and tolerant to both electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating groups on the aryl moiety and the reaction gives monofunctionalized fullerenes in good yields (up to 54% isolated yield and 92% based on converted C60).
Synthesis of complex thermally coupled distillation systems including divided wall columns
Authors: Caballero José A. , Grossmann Ignacio E.
Published: August 2012

The design of thermally coupled distillation sequences explicitly including the possibility of divided wall columns (DWC) is described. A DWC with a single wall can be considered thermodynamically equivalent to a fully thermally coupled (FTC) subsystem formed by three separation tasks (a Petlyuk configuration in the case of three‐component mixtures). It is shown how to systematically identify all the sequences of separation tasks that can produce configurations that include at least a DWC. Feasible sequences that explicitly include DWCs are enforced through a set of logical relationships in terms of Boolean variables. These logical relationships include as feasible alternatives from conventional columns (each column must have a condenser and a reboiler) to FTC systems (only one reboiler and one condenser in the entire system). A comprehensive disjunctive programming formulation for finding the optimal solution is presented. The model is based on the Fenske, Underwood Gilliland equations. However, the disjunctive formulation allows easily the use of any other shortcut, aggregated or even rigorous model without modifying much the structure of the model. Two illustrative examples illustrate the procedure. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 1139–1159, 2013
Functionalization of wool fabric with phase‐change materials microcapsules after plasma surface modification
Authors: Oliveira Fernando Ribeiro , Fernandes Marta , Carneiro Noémia , Pedro Souto António
Published: August 2012

The use of microcapsules has increased in several different areas, namely, textile applications. They have been used as a possible means of introducing new properties, namely, in medical care by antibiotics, skin moisturizers, and other drugs and for thermal comfort. In this study, we examined the influence of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment on the adhesion of phase‐change material (PCM) microcapsules on wool fabric. Several experimental techniques were used to evaluate the wool surface modification after plasma treatment and the influence of the microcapsules' resistance to washing conditions, namely, the determination of the static and dynamic contact angles, surface energy, and adhesion work; X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; differential scanning calorimetry; and scanning electron microscopy. Chemical and physical characterization of the wool fiber in the fabric confirmed significant surface modification. The plasma treatment greatly increased the hydrophilicity, surface energy, and adhesion work of the wool fabric; this proved that more microcapsules were adsorbed on the fabric and more microcapsules remained on the fabric surface after the washing procedures. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation, structure, and properties of chitosan/cellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite membranes and fibers
Authors: Xiao Wenjun , Wu Tinghua , Peng Jiajian , Bai Ying , Li Jiayun , Lai Guoqiao , Wu Ying , Dai Lizong
Published: August 2012

Binary ionic liquids (ILs), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride and 1‐H‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, were developed to dissolve chitosan and cellulose and disperse multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The resulting mixed paste could be used to prepare chitosan/cellulose/MWCNT composite membranes and fibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing, and conductivity measurements were used to evaluate the structure and properties of the composite materials and the effect of the incorporation of MWCNTs at various loadings. The characterization results indicate that the incorporation of MWCNTs improved the comprehensive performances of the composite materials, and the best loading of MWCNTs was 4 wt %. This IL dissolution method is a green and feasible method for preparing chitosan/cellulose/MWCNT composite membranes and fibers and will provide beneficial references for the preparation of similar materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Effects of low frequency electromagnetic field on proliferation of human epidermal stem cells: An in vitro study
Authors: Zhang Mingsheng , Li Xinping , Bai Liming , Uchida Kenzo , Bai Wenfang , Wu Bo , Xu Weicheng , Zhu Hongxiang , Huang Hong
Published: August 2012

To investigate the effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the proliferation of epidermal stem cells, human epidermal stem cells (hESC) were isolated, expanded ex vivo, and then exposed to a low frequency EMF. The test and control cells were placed under the same environment. The test cells were exposed for 30 min/day to a 5 mT low frequency EMF at 1, 10, and 50 Hz for 3, 5, or 7 days. The effects of low frequency EMF on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell‐surface antigen phenotype were investigated. Low frequency EMF significantly enhanced the proliferation of hESC in the culture medium in a frequency‐dependent manner, with the highest cell proliferation rate at 50 Hz (P < 0.05). Exposure to a low frequency EMF significantly increased the percentage of cells at the S phase of the cell cycle, coupled with a decrease in the percentage of cells in the G1 phase (P < 0.05) but the effect was not frequency dependent. The percentage of CD29+/CD71− cells remained unchanged in the low frequency EMF‐exposed hESC. The results suggested that low frequency EMF influenced hESC proliferation in vitro, and this effect was related to the increased proportion of cells at the S phase. Bioelectromagnetics 34:74–80, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Whole chromosome aneuploidy: Big mutations drive adaptation by phenotypic leap
Authors: Chen Guangbo , Rubinstein Boris , Li Rong
Published: August 2012

Despite its widespread existence, the adaptive role of aneuploidy (the abnormal state of having an unequal number of different chromosomes) has been a subject of debate. Cellular aneuploidy has been associated with enhanced resistance to stress, whereas on the organismal level it is detrimental to multicellular species. Certain aneuploid karyotypes are deleterious for specific environments, but karyotype diversity in a population potentiates adaptive evolution. To reconcile these paradoxical observations, this review distinguishes the role of aneuploidy in cellular versus organismal evolution. Further, it proposes a population genetics perspective to examine the behavior of aneuploidy on a populational versus individual level. By altering the copy number of a significant portion of the genome, aneuploidy introduces large phenotypic leaps that enable small cell populations to explore a wide phenotypic landscape, from which adaptive traits can be selected. The production of chromosome number variation can be further increased by stress‐ or mutation‐induced chromosomal instability, fueling rapid cellular adaptation.
On the cause of aging and control of lifespan
Authors: Gladyshev Vadim N.
Published: August 2012

What the causes of aging are and which factors define lifespan are key questions in the understanding of aging. Here, it is argued that cellular life involves (i) inevitable accumulation of damage resulting from imperfectness and heterogeneity of every cellular process, and (ii) dilution of damage when cells divide. While severe damage is cleared by protective systems, milder damage can only be diluted. This is due to the high cost of accuracy, the greater number of damage forms compared to protective systems, and the constraints on cellular life inherited from the prokaryotic world. This strategy also applies to cancer cells, which are particularly dependent on damage dilution. Imposing restriction on cell division necessarily leads to aging. Interventions that extend lifespan act through metabolic reprogramming, thereby changing both damage composition and the rate of damage accumulation. Thus, heterogeneity leading to myriad mild damage forms represents the cause of aging, whereas the processes that affect the damage landscape and damage accumulation are lifespan regulators.
Review of reactive kinetic models describing reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes in soil and groundwater
Authors: Chambon Julie C. , Bjerg Poul L. , Scheutz Charlotte , Bælum Jacob , Jakobsen Rasmus , Binning Philip J.
Published: August 2012

Reductive dechlorination is a major degradation pathway of chlorinated ethenes in anaerobic subsurface environments, and reactive kinetic models describing the degradation process are needed in fate and transport models of these contaminants. However, reductive dechlorination is a complex biological process, where many microbial populations including dechlorinating, fermentative, methanogenic, iron and sulfate reducing, interact. In this article the modeling approaches and the experimental data needed to calibrate them are reviewed, classified, and discussed. Model approaches considered include first order kinetics, Monod kinetics to describe sequential reductive dechlorination and bacterial growth, and metabolic models which simulate fermentation and redox processes interacting with reductive dechlorination processes. The review shows that the estimated kinetic parameters reported vary over a wide range, and that experimental microbial data are scarce. Very few studies have been performed evaluating the influence of sulfate and iron reduction, and contradictory conclusions on the interaction of redox processes with reductive dechlorination have been reported. The modeling approaches for metabolic reductive dechlorination employing different descriptions of the interaction between redox and dechlorination processes and competition for hydrogen are classified. The current concepts lead to different results, suggesting a need for further investigations on the interactions between the microbial communities performing dechlorination and redox processes, including the establishment of biomarkers quantifying dechlorination, and on geochemical characterization. Finally, the relevance of laboratory data and the development of practical modeling tools for field applications are discussed. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 1–23. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Alteration of synergistic muscle activity following neuromuscular electrical stimulation of one muscle
Authors: Stutzig Norman , Siebert Tobias , Granacher Urs , Blickhan Reinhard
Published: August 2012

The aim of the study was to determine muscle activation of the m. triceps surae during maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) following neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the m. gastrocnemius lateralis (GL). The participants (n = 10) performed three MVC during pretest, posttest, and recovery, respectively. Subsequent to the pretest, the GL was stimulated by NMES. During MVC, force and surface electromyography (EMG) of the GL, m. gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and m. soleus (SOL) were measured. NMES of GL induced no significant decline (3%) in force. EMG activity of the GL decreased significantly to 81% (P < 0.05), whereas EMG activity of the synergistic SOL increased to 112% (P < 0.01). The GM (103%, P = 1.00) remained unaltered. Decreased EMG activity in the GL was most likely caused by failure of the electrical propagation at its muscle fiber membrane. The decline of EMG activity in GL was compensated by increased EMG activity of SOL during MVC. It is suggested that these compensatory effects are caused by central contributions induced by NMES.
Anatomical variation of the accessory thoracodorsal artery as a direct cutaneous perforator
Authors: Hwang Kyu Tae , Kim Sang Wha , Kim Youn Hwan
Published: August 2012

The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap is a versatile flap for the reconstruction of various soft tissue defects. Several anatomical variations of thoracodorsal artery have been described and an “accessory thoracodorsal artery” which has a separate and direct origin from the axillary artery has been reported. In this report, we describe a very unusual direct cutaneous perforator, which ran in a subfascial course above the latissimus dorsi muscle and was found to originate directly from the axillary artery. Based on these findings, surgeons should be aware of the possible existence of this unusual anatomical variation during surgery to avoid missing this perforator. Clin. Anat. 26:1024–1027, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thrombin formation and effect of unfractionated heparin during pediatric cardiac catheterization
Authors: Chen Dawei , Långström Satu , Petäjä Jari , Heikinheimo Markku , Pihkala Jaana
Published: August 2012

Objectives

To assess the strength of thrombin formation and determine the effects of unfractionated heparin (UFH) in children during cardiac catheterization.

Background

UFH reduces the thrombotic risk related to catheterization but the effects of UFH on the coagulation system in children, and proper monitoring of UFH remain unclear.

Methods

We studied 42 patients aged 3–12 years undergoing catheterization. Twenty‐seven received UFH (group A) and 15 patients did not (group B). Anticoagulation was assessed by measurements of plasma prothrombin fragment F1 + 2, thrombin–antithrombin (TAT) complexes, D‐dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), anti‐FXa, and prothrombinase‐induced clotting time (PiCT).

Results

Markers of thrombin generation remained low during catheterization in group A. In group B, both F1 + 2 and TAT had increased significantly (P< 0.05) by the end of the procedure versus baseline and versus respective levels in group A. In group A, 15 min after heparinization, APTT was over 180 sec (in all patients), anti‐FXa 1.4 U/ml (1.1–2.4 U/ml) and PiCT 1.5 U/ml (1.3–2.4 U/ml). Anti‐FXa and PiCT were correlated (R= 0.84,P< 0.0001).

Conclusions

Thrombin generation was enhanced in patients who did not receive UFH, which may increase the risk of thrombotic complications. In group A, routine heparinization seemed excessive by all monitoring methods. UFH prevented an increase in prothrombin to thrombin conversion, resulting in unaltered fibrin formation. The current UFH protocol seemed to have no effect on postprocedural activation of coagulation. Further studies are needed to clarify adequate heparin dosing for children during cardiac catheterization to prevent thrombotic complications without predisposing the patient to bleeding complications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: New Crystal Structure: Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonal Wurtzite MnO.
Authors: Nam Ki Min , Kim Yong‐Il , Jo Younghun , Lee Seung Mi , Kim Bog G. , Choi Ran , Choi Sang‐Il , Song Hyunjoon , Park Joon T.
Published: August 2012

Hexagonal wurtzite MnO is prepared by thermal decomposition of Mn(acac)2 in benzylamine on a carbon template (Ar, 180 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Lanthanum Tetrazinc, LaZn4.
Authors: Oshchapovsky Igor , Pavlyuk Volodymyr , Dmytriv Grygoriy , Griffin Alexandra
Published: August 2012

The crystal structure of the title compound is determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Photo‐to‐Current Response of Bi2Fe4O9 Nanocrystals Synthesized Through a Chemical Co‐Precipitation Process.
Authors: Li Yongping , Zhang Yongcheng , Ye Wanneng , Yu Jianqiang , Lu Chaojing , Xia Linhua
Published: August 2012

Bi2Fe4O9 nanocrystals are precipitated from a HNO3 solution of Bi(NO3)3 and Fe(NO3)3 by addition of aqueous NaOH solution up to a pH value of 12 at room temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Saturated Nb/W Mixed‐Addendum Polyoxometalate [P2W15Nb3O62]9‐ and Lanthanide Ions (Ln: Eu, Ce).
Authors: Li Cong‐Cong , Liu Shu‐Xia , Li Shu‐Jun , Yang Yuan , Jin Hai‐Yan , Ma Feng‐Ji
Published: August 2012

The title compounds are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR and photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Monofluorination of α‐Keto Esters: Synthesis of Optically Active β‐Fluoro‐α‐hydroxy and β‐Fluoro‐α‐amino Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Suzuki Shoko , Kitamura Yuki , Lectard Sylvain , Hamashima Yoshitaka , Sodeoka Mikiko
Published: August 2012

The monofluorination is achieved in the presence of (R)‐SEGPHOS‐derived palladium μ‐hydroxo complex (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Mechanism in the Elimination of 2‐Arylsulfinyl Esters.
Authors: Latorre Antonio , Lopez Irakusne , Ramirez Victoria , Rodriguez Santiago , Izquierdo Javier , Gonzalez Florenci V. , Vicent Cristian
Published: August 2012

Based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and trapping experiments, it is found that the dehydrosulfenylation of 2‐arylsulfinyl esters proceeds via a radical mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: Orthoamides and Iminium Salts. Part 76. A Further Contribution to the Chemistry of Trialkoxyacetonitriles.
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Vettel Markus , Eppinger Bernhard
Published: August 2012

Trimethoxyacetonitrile (III) is used as a trap for a variety of carbanions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Access to (Polyfluoroaryl)allenes by Cu‐Catalyzed Direct Coupling with Propargyl Phosphates.
Authors: Nakatani Akihiro , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: August 2012

The nature of the propargyl phosphate substituents influences the reaction outcome (efficiency and regioselectivity).
ChemInform Abstract: Hiyama Coupling Reaction of Fluorous Alkenyl‐fluorosilanes: Scope and Mechanistic Considerations.
Authors: Rabai Jozsef , Csapo Agnes , Bodor Andrea
Published: August 2012

Novel fluorous alkenyl‐fluorosilanes (V) are synthesized by a three‐step procedure and subjected to a Hiyama coupling reaction with iodobenzene to provide the appropriate ω‐perfluoroalkyl‐styrenes.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Family of Cinchona‐Derived Bifunctional Asymmetric Phase‐Transfer Catalysts: Application to the Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Nitro‐Mannich Reaction of Amidosulfones.
Authors: Johnson Kayli M. , Rattley Matt S. , Sladojevich Filippo , Barber David M. , Nunez Marta G. , Goldys Anna M. , Dixon Darren J.
Published: August 2012

Some new cinchona alkaloid derivatives are prepared and tested as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐(tert‐Butoxycarbonyl)‐N‐[(triethylenediammonium)sulfonyl]azanide: A Convenient Sulfamoylation Reagent for Alcohols.
Authors: Armitage Ian , Berne Alexander M. , Elliott Eric L. , Fu Mingkun , Hicks Frederick , McCubbin Quentin , Zhu Lei
Published: August 2012

The title reagent reacts with primary and secondary alcohols and phenols to afford sulfamates.
ChemInform Abstract: The Acid‐Mediated Ring Opening Reactions of α‐Aryl‐lactams.
Authors: King Frank D. , Caddick Stephen
Published: August 2012

The ratio of the products depends on the quantity of TfOH and benzene and the time.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient, Expeditious, and Diastereoselective One‐Pot Pseudo‐Five‐Component Reaction for the Synthesis of New Bis‐Betti Bases under Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Shafiee Mehdi , Khosropour Ahmad R. , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah
Published: August 2012

The synthesis of title compounds from different dihydrooxynaphthalenes, aromatic aldehydes, and 2‐amino‐5‐methylisoaxzole is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluorene‐ and Spirobifluorene‐Fused Thiophenes.
Authors: Yao Wen , Liu Qiancai , Shi Yingbo , Tang Jie
Published: August 2012

A novel synthetic route to fluorene‐fused thiophenes starts with ninhydrin.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Oxycyanation of Alkenes by Cooperative Pd/BPh3 Catalysis.
Authors: Koester Dennis C. , Kobayashi Masato , Werz Daniel B. , Nakao Yoshiaki
Published: August 2012

Alkenyl(cyanato)benzenes undergo the title reaction to give benzofuran‐ and benzopyran derivatives in a highly chemo‐ and regioselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Promoted Efficient and Convenient Synthesis of Benzofurans.
Authors: Meshram H. M. , Reddy B. Chennakesava , Prasad B. R. V. , Goud P. Ramesh , Kumar G. Santosh , Kumar R. Naveen
Published: August 2012

DABCO‐catalyzed reaction of phenacyl halides and salicylaldehyde derivatives provides an efficient access towards 2‐acylbenzofurans (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Pyrroles from 2‐Substituted 1‐Pyrrolines.
Authors: Fujiwara Yurie , Oda Mitsunori , Shoji Taku , Abe Takako , Kuroda Shigeyasu
Published: August 2012

Pyrrolines (I) react with arylaldehyde acetals (II) in the presence of a Lewis acid and base to give arylmethylidene pyrrolines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Silica‐Supported Bismuth(III) Chloride as a New Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Paal—Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis.
Authors: Aghapoor Kioumars , Ebadi‐Nia Leila , Mohsenzadeh Farshid , Morad Mina Mohebi , Balavar Yadollah , Darabi Hossein Reza
Published: August 2012

The catalyst system exhibits a remarkable reusable activity and a higher performance compared to homogeneous BiCl3.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfated Tin Oxide: A Reusable and Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,4,5‐Triaryl‐1H‐imidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Dake Satish A. , Khedkar Mahesh B. , Irmale Ghanshyam S. , Ukalgaonkar Suhas J. , Thorat Vinod V. , Shintre Suhas A. , Pawar Rajendra P.
Published: August 2012

A new one‐pot, three‐component condensation reaction of benzil/benzoin, aromatic aldehydes and NH4OAc using sulfated tin oxide as catalyst yields the corresponding title compounds (III) in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Examples of Cycloadditions of 2‐Diazo‐1,3‐dicarbonyl Compounds to Aromatic Thioketones.
Authors: Nikolaev Valerij A. , Ivanov Alexey V. , Shakhmin Anton A. , Sieler Joachim , Rodina Ludmilla L.
Published: August 2012

Acyclic 2‐diazo‐1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds undergo a multistep cascade process to give oxathioles (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Method for the Synthesis of 4‐(Azol‐5‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazoles.
Authors: Bakulev V. A. , Efimov I. V. , Belyaev N. A. , Rozin Yu. A. , Volkova N. N. , El'tsov O. S.
Published: August 2012

A general and efficient method for the synthesis of the title compounds (V) by cycloaddition of azides to 2‐azolylenamines is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Cyano‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)‐4H‐pyran‐4‐one: A Novel Versatile CF3‐Containing Building Block.
Authors: Usachev Boris I. , Obydennov Dmitrii L. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya.
Published: August 2012

The highly electrophilic pyrone (II) is used as a building block for a variety of trifluoromethylated heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Green Approaches for the Synthesis of 12‐Aryl‐8,9,10,12‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen‐11‐ones in Aqueous Media and under Microwave Irradiation in Solventless Conditions.
Authors: Khurana Jitender M. , Lumb Anshika , Pandey Archana , Magoo Devanshi
Published: August 2012

Three‐component condensation of dimedone with naphthol and aromatic aldehydes can be carried out either in aqueous media using sulfuric acid catalyst, or under microwave irradiation using solvent‐less conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Acridinedione Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, SIRT1 Enzyme and Tumor Cell Growth Inhibition Studies.
Authors: Alvala Mallika , Bhatnagar Shubhmita , Ravi Alvala , Jeankumar Variam Ullas , Manjashetty Thimmappa H. , Yogeeswari Perumal , Sriram Dharmarajan
Published: August 2012

A library of novel acridinedione derivatives (IV) are synthesized via a microwave‐assisted one‐pot three‐component reaction and evaluated for their in vitro hSIRT1 activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Substituted Aminopyrrolo[3,4‐b]quinolinones by a Diorganozinc‐Mediated Tandem Alkylation/Cyclization.
Authors: Campbell James B. , Firor Judy W.
Published: August 2012

An ortho‐quinone methide imine, generated in situ, is proposed as reactive intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocopper‐Mediated Two‐Component SN2′‐Substitution Cascade Towards N‐Fused Heterocycles.
Authors: Chernyak D. , Gevorgyan V.
Published: August 2012

The title compounds are obtained in an efficient reaction of organocuprates with heterocyclic propargyl mesylates which are in situ obtained from the corresponding propargyl alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 7,9,10,11‐Tetrahydro‐8H‐chromeno[3,2‐h]quinolin‐8‐ones
Authors: Osyanin V. A. , Osipov D. V. , Klimochkin Yu. N.
Published: August 2012

via reaction of Mannich base (I) with enamines (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Activated Anilide in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of New Hydrazo, Dihydropyridazine, Tetrahydropyridine, Dihydropyridine and Pyranopyridine Derivatives.
Authors: Hafiz Ibrahim Saad Abdel , Ramiz Mahmoud Mohamed Mahfouz , Elian Mohamed Ahmed
Published: August 2012

Title compounds with expected biological activities are synthesized starting from propanamide (III) or enaminonitrile (XII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of 5‐Amino‐2‐phenyl‐4(3H)‐pyrimidinone Derivatives Starting with Glycine.
Authors: Takahashi Daisuke , Honda Yutaka , Izawa Kunisuke
Published: August 2012

The synthesis of title aminopyrimidinone (IV) is achieved by reaction of sodium hydroxymethyleneglycinate (II) with benzamidine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel Quinoxalines.
Authors: Soliman A. M. , Amer A. A.
Published: August 2012

A variety of new fused and polyfused quinoxaline derivatives is synthesized via intramolecular cyclization reactions of 2‐hydrazino‐3‐chloroquinoxaline (I) or dihydrazinoquinoxaline (XV).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Synthesis and Structure of 2‐Methyl‐1,5‐dihydro‐4,1,3‐benzoxadiazepine.
Authors: Golomba L. , Abele E. , Belyakov S.
Published: August 2012

A two‐stage method for the preparation of the novel heterocycle (IV) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: MCM‐41‐Immobilized Bidentate Nitrogen Platinum Complex: A Highly Efficient and Recyclable Phosphine‐Free Catalytic System for the Hydrosilylation of Olefins.
Authors: Zhang Hean , Liu Jiaqin , Cheng Shaojuan , Cai Mingzhong
Published: August 2012

An MCM‐41‐immobilized bidentate nitrogen platinum complex is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the hydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Addition of [(Diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl]lithium to α,β‐Unsaturated Compounds.
Authors: Cherkupally Prabhakar , Beier Petr
Published: August 2012

The addition of [(diethoxyphosphoryl)difluoromethyl]lithium to various α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds and other Michael acceptors leads to a number of new, structurally diverse 1,4‐addition products having an α,α‐difluorophosphonate moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,2‐Allenyl Ketones, Furans, and 2‐Alkynyl Ketones from Reaction of Lithium Selenolates with 1‐(1‐Alkynyl)cyclopropyl Ketones and Electrophiles.
Authors: Xu Jianfeng , Zhu Shugao , Wu Luling , Huang Xian
Published: August 2012

Homo‐Michael addition of Li selenolates to cyclopropyl ketones and subsequent reaction with electrophiles leads to allenyl or alkynyl ketones or furans.
ChemInform Abstract: Penicacids A‐C, Three New Mycophenolic Acid Derivatives and Immunosuppressive Activities from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. SOF07.
Authors: Chen Ziming , Zheng Zhihui , Huang Hongbo , Song Yongxiang , Zhang Xuelian , Ma Junying , Wang Bo , Zhang Changsheng , Ju Jianhua
Published: August 2012

Penicacid A (I), B (III) and C (II) are isolated together with two known compounds, mycophenolic acid (MPA) and 4′‐hydroxy‐mycophenolic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Emerging Applications of Atomic Layer Deposition for Lithium‐Ion Battery Studies
Authors: Meng Xiangbo , Yang Xiao‐Qing , Sun Xueliang
Published: August 2012

Review: 212 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Nanowires
Authors: da Silva Edison Z. , da Silva Antonio J. R. , Fazzio Adalberto
Published: August 2012

Review: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Free‐Radical Cyclization Reactions on Pentose Sugars for the Synthesis of Carba‐LNA and Carba‐ENA and the Application of Their Modified Oligonucleotides as Potential RNA Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Zhou Chuanzheng , Chattopadhyaya Jyoti
Published: August 2012

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides. From Discovery to Recent Trends
Authors: Bryliakov Konstantin P. , Talsi Evgenii P.
Published: August 2012

Review: 253 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Iron‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Wang ChunXiang , Wan BoShun
Published: August 2012

Review: 99 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoprocesses of Coordination Compounds and Dyes in Solution and Nanoporous Materials: Evolution from Milliseconds to Femtoseconds
Authors: Natarajan P. , Duraimurugan K. , Kumar K. Senthil
Published: August 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward a Rational Control of Solid Acid Catalysis for Green Synthesis and Biomass Conversion
Authors: Shimizu Ken‐ichi , Satsuma Atsushi
Published: August 2012

Review: 144 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Peptide‐Based Receptors
Authors: Kubik Stefan
Published: August 2012

Review: 68 refs.
Analyzing panel count data with a dependent observation process and a terminal event
Authors: Zhao Hui , Li Yang , Sun Jianguo
Published: August 2012

Panel count data occur in many fields and a number of approaches have been developed. However, most of these approaches are for situations where there is no terminal event and the observation process is independent of the underlying recurrent event process unconditionally or conditional on the covariates. In this paper, we discuss a more general situation where the observation process is informative and there exists a terminal event which precludes further occurrence of the recurrent events of interest. For the analysis, a semiparametric transformation model is presented for the mean function of the underlying recurrent event process among survivors. To estimate the regression parameters, an estimating equation approach is proposed in which an inverse survival probability weighting technique is used. The asymptotic distribution of the proposed estimates is provided. Simulation studies are conducted and suggest that the proposed approach works well for practical situations. An illustrative example is provided. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 41: 174–191; 2013 © 2012 Statistical Society of Canada
Polar body cytokinesis
Authors: Maddox Amy Shaub , Azoury Jessica , Dumont Julien
Published: August 2012

Polar body cytokinesis is the physical separation of a small polar body from a larger oocyte or ovum. This maternal meiotic division shares many similarities with mitotic and spermatogenic cytokinesis, but there are several distinctions, which will be discussed in this review. We synthesize results from many different model species, including those popular for their genetics and several that are more obscure in modern cell biology. The site of polar body division is determined before anaphase, by the eccentric, cortically associated meiotic spindle. Depending on the species, either the actin or microtubule cytoskeleton is required for spindle anchoring. Chromatin is necessary and sufficient to elicit differentiation of the associated cortex, via Ran‐based signaling. The midzone of the anaphase spindle serves as a hub for regulatory complexes that elicit Rho activation, and ultimately actomyosin contractile ring assembly and contraction. Polar body cytokinesis uniquely requires another Rho family GTPase, Cdc42, for dynamic reorganization of the polar cortex. This is perhaps due to the considerable asymmetry of this division, wherein the polar body and the oocyte/ovum have distinct fates and very different sizes. Thus, maternal meiotic cytokinesis appears to occur via simultaneous polar relaxation and equatorial contraction, since the polar body is extruded from the spherical oocyte through the nascent contractile ring. As such, polar body cytokinesis is an interesting and important variation on the theme of cell division. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Modeling, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Potential Retinoid X Receptor‐Selective Agonists: Novel Halogenated Analogues of 4‐[1‐(3,5,5,8,8‐Pentamethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2‐naphthyl)ethynyl]benzoic Acid (Bexarotene)
Authors: Furmick Julie K. , Kaneko Ichiro , Walsh Angela N. , Yang Joanna , Bhogal Jaskaran S. , Gray Geoffrey M. , Baso Juan C. , Browder Drew O. , Prentice Jessica L. S. , Montano Luis A. , Huynh Chanh C. , Marcus Lisa M. , Tsosie Dorian G. , Kwon Jungeun S. , Quezada Alexis , Reyes Nicole M. , Lemming Brittney , Saini Puneet , van der Vaart Arjan , Groy Thomas L. , Marshall Pamela A. , Jurutka Peter W. , Wagner Carl E.
Published: August 2012

The synthesis of halogenated analogues of 4‐[1‐(3,5,5,8,8‐pentamethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐2‐naphthyl)ethynyl]benzoic acid (1), known commonly as bexarotene, and their evaluation for retinoid X receptor (RXR)‐specific agonist performance is described. Compound 1 is FDA approved to treat cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL); however, bexarotene treatment can induce hypothyroidism and elevated triglyceride levels, presumably by disrupting RXR heterodimer pathways for other nuclear receptors. The novel halogenated analogues in this study were modeled and assessed for their ability to bind to RXR and stimulate RXR homodimerization in an RXRE‐mediated transcriptional assay as well as an RXR mammalian‐2‐hybrid assay. In an array of eight novel compounds, four analogues were discovered to promote RXR‐mediated transcription with EC50 values similar to that of 1 and are selective RXR agonists. Our approach also uncovered a periodic trend of increased binding and homodimerization of RXR when substituting a halogen atom for a proton ortho to the carboxylic acid on 1.
Endobronchial ultrasound fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of pulmonary non–small cell carcinoma with subclassification by immunohistochemistry panel
Authors: Collins Brian T.
Published: August 2012

BACKGROUND:

With the introduction of new treatment modalities and guidelines, it is important to subclassify primary pulmonary non–small cell carcinoma (NSCCA). Subsequent treatment and testing is dependent on accurate subclassification. Endobronchial ultrasound fine‐needle aspiration (EBUS FNA) is used for primary evaluation and diagnosis, and can provide a cell block for ancillary testing.

METHODS:

EBUS FNA cases from primary pulmonary NSCCA with an immunohistochemical (IHC) panel performed on a cell block with concomitant surgical pathology biopsy were analyzed. Cell block preparations underwent an IHC panel including monoclonal antibodies for napsin A (nap‐A), thyroid transcription factor (TTF‐1), p63, and cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6).

RESULTS:

A total of 81 cases from 81 patients were identified. Of these, 69 cases (85%) were provided a specific diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (ADCA) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) on the EBUS FNA. In 12 cases (15%), a diagnosis of NSCCA, not otherwise specified was provided. For specific subclassifications, there were 35 ADCA cases, 34 SCCA cases, and 12 NSCCA, not otherwise specified cases. For ADCA, nap‐A showed granular cytoplasmic staining and TTF‐1 nuclear staining. For SCCA, CK5/6 showed cytoplasmic staining and p63 nuclear staining. Surgical pathology concomitant material was present in 29 of 81 cases with 18 correlations and 11 noncorrelations.

CONCLUSIONS:

With new treatment guidelines for patients with primary pulmonary NSCCA, specific diagnosis is increasingly important. EBUS FNA with cell block provided a specific subclassification of NSCCA in 85% of cases when used in conjunction with a specific IHC panel including nap‐A, TTF‐1, CK5/6, and p63. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Gene expression array analysis to determine tissue of origin of carcinoma of unknown primary
Authors: Dolled‐Filhart Marisa P. , Rimm David L.
Published: August 2012

Traditional pathology approaches as well as molecular‐based assays are being used to identify tissue of origin of carcinoma of unknown primary. Cutting edge pathologists will maintain their critical position in analysis of patient samples by embracing new approaches such as next‐generation sequencing for optimizing patient outcomes beyond a focus on tumor type diagnosis alone.
Switching Properties of a Spiropyran–Cucurbit[7]uril Supramolecular Assembly: Usefulness of the Anchor Approach
Authors: Nilsson Jesper R. , Parente Carvalho Cátia , Li Shiming , Da Silva José Paulo , Andréasson Joakim , Pischel Uwe
Published: August 2012

A nitrospiropyran, which was modified with a cadaverine‐derived anchor, was investigated with respect to its thermally induced isomerizations, hydrolytic stability of the merocyanine form, and photochromic ring closure. The host–guest complexation of the anchor by the cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle, evidenced by absorption titration, NMR spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, produced significant improvements of the switching properties of the photochrome: 1) appearance of the merocyanine form about 70 times faster, 2) practically unlimited hydrolytic stability of the merocyanine (two and a half days without any measureable decay), and 3) fast, clean, and fatigue‐resistant photoinduced ring closure back to the spiro form. The importance of an adequate molecular design of the anchor was demonstrated by including control experiments with spiropyrans with a shorter linker or without such structural asset.