bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathological Spectrum of Vascular Malformations of the Central Nervous System: A Single Institution Experience of a Decade
Authors: Karanth Shrithi , Rao Shilpa , Savardekar Amey , HR Aravind , Pruthi Nupur , Arivazhagan Arimapamagan , Bhat Dhananjaya I. , Srinivas Dwarakanath , Devi Bhagvatula Indira , Somanna Sampath , Mahadevan Anita
Published: June 2022

Background Vascular malformations (VMs) of the central nervous system comprise a variety of lesions that could affect the arteries, veins, or capillaries.

Materials and Methods We analyzed the histopathological features of all the VMs diagnosed at our centre over a decade.

Results Intracranial VM included arteriovenous malformation (AVM) (53%), cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) (45%), capillary telangiectasia (2%), venous angioma (0.5%), and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (0.5%). In spinal VMs, capillary telangiectasia (40%) were the most common, followed by cavernomas (34%), AVF (16%), and AVMs and venous angiomas (5%). Clinical presentation varied from focal deficit to features of raised intracranial tension.

Conclusion Imaging and histopathology plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of VMs. Histopathological examination is essential for characterization of the VMs, which influences the prognosis.
Lessons Learned from Creating Alert Governance during an Electronic Health Record Transition
Authors: Stoffel Michelle , Desai Sundeep , Laine Megan , Leu Michael G. , Liao Zachary C. , Jang Jeehoon , Singh Angad P. , Pozdeyev Nikita , Sutton Paul R. , Wright Adam , White Andrew A.
Published: June 2022

Background Our multihospital transition to a single electronic health record (EHR) provided an opportunity to transform alert governance. Our case provides insights into the unique challenges and opportunities of creating governance during a transition to meet both implementation and future alert management needs.

ObjectivesThis case report describes the efforts of UW Medicine Information Technology Services to advance alert governance during EHR transition and highlights the opportunities to improve care quality and provider experience within a changing environment.

Methods We used a multidisciplinary approach and external evidence to define governance for provider-facing interruptive alerts. We established the context for our governance efforts with a systemic environmental scan. We used literature review and expert consultation to determine alert design and performance best practices, sought to design postimplementation evaluation tools, and engaged clinical stakeholders to help with decision-making.

Results We created alert design and implementation tools and an alert approval process, eliminating 21 unnecessary alerts prior to implementation. We developed prototype evaluation metrics and enlisted clinical owners for postimplementation optimization of 221 alerts.

Conclusion We leveraged the fluid environment of our EHR implementation to rapidly build a provider-led governance infrastructure to meet immediate transitional needs and to facilitate future alert maintenance and improvement.
Long-Read Sequencing Identifies the First Retrotransposon Insertion and Resolves Structural Variants Causing Antithrombin Deficiency
Authors: de la Morena-Barrio Belén , Stephens Jonathan , de la Morena-Barrio María Eugenia , Stefanucci Luca , Padilla José , Miñano Antonia , Gleadall Nicholas , García Juan Luis , López-Fernández María Fernanda , Morange Pierre-Emmanuel , Puurunen Marja , Undas Anetta , Vidal Francisco , Raymond Frances Lucy , Vicente Vicente , Ouwehand Willem H. , Corral Javier , Sanchis-Juan Alba ,   NIHR BioResource
Published: June 2022

The identification of inherited antithrombin deficiency (ATD) is critical to prevent potentially life-threatening thrombotic events. Causal variants in SERPINC1 are identified for up to 70% of cases, the majority being single-nucleotide variants and indels. The detection and characterization of structural variants (SVs) in ATD remain challenging due to the high number of repetitive elements in SERPINC1. Here, we performed long-read whole-genome sequencing on 10 familial and 9 singleton cases with type I ATD proven by functional and antigen assays, who were selected from a cohort of 340 patients with this rare disorder because genetic analyses were either negative, ambiguous, or not fully characterized. We developed an analysis workflow to identify disease-associated SVs. This approach resolved, independently of its size or type, all eight SVs detected by multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification, and identified for the first time a complex rearrangement previously misclassified as a deletion. Remarkably, we identified the mechanism explaining ATD in 2 out of 11 cases with previous unknown defect: the insertion of a novel 2.4 kb SINE-VNTR-Alu retroelement, which was characterized by de novo assembly and verified by specific polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing in the probands and affected relatives. The nucleotide-level resolution achieved for all SVs allowed breakpoint analysis, which revealed repetitive elements and microhomologies supporting a common replication-based mechanism for all the SVs. Our study underscores the utility of long-read sequencing technology as a complementary method to identify, characterize, and unveil the molecular mechanism of disease-causing SVs involved in ATD, and enlarges the catalogue of genetic disorders caused by retrotransposon insertions.
Nothing for Me or About Me, Without Me: Codesign of Clinical Decision Support
Authors: van Leeuwen Danny , Mittelman Michael , Fabian Lacy , Lomotan Edwin A.
Published: June 2022

Background Partnerships among patients, families, caregivers, and clinicians are critical to helping patients lead their best lives given their specific genetics, conditions, circumstances, and the environments in which they live, work, and play. These partnerships extend to the development of health information technology, including clinical decision support (CDS). Design of these technologies, however, often occurs without a profound understanding of the true needs, wants, and concerns of patients and family members. Patient perspective is important not only for patient-facing applications but for provider-facing applications, especially those intended to support shared decision-making.

Objectives Our objective is to describe models for effectively engaging patients and caregivers during CDS development and implementation and to inspire CDS developers to partner with patients and caregivers to improve the potential impact of CDS.

Methods This article serves as a case study of how two patient activists successfully implemented models for engaging patients and caregivers in a federal program designed to increase the uptake of research evidence into clinical practice through CDS. Models included virtual focus groups, social media, agile software development, and attention to privacy and cybersecurity.

Results Impact on the federal program has been substantial and has resulted in improved CDS training materials, new prototype CDS applications, prioritization of new functionality and features, and increased engagement of patient and caregiver communities in ongoing projects. Among these opportunities is a group of developers and patient activists dedicated and committed to exploring strategic and operational opportunities to codesign CDS applications.

Conclusion Codesign and implementation of CDS can occur as a partnership among developers, implementers, patients, cybersecurity and privacy activists, and caregivers. Several approaches are viable, and an iterative process is most promising. Additional work is needed to investigate scalability of the approaches explored by this case study and to identify measures of meaningful inclusion of patients/caregivers in CDS projects.
Non-isothermal magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow along the centerline in a rotating curved square duct with Hall and ion-slip current
Authors: Islam Md. Rafiqul , Samad Md. Abdus , Alam Md. Mahmud
Published: June 2022

This study is considered a fully developed non-isothermal, viscous, incompressible fluid flow that passes through the centerline of a rotating square curved duct in the presence of the magnetic field with Hall and ion-slip current. This non-isothermal duct is generated by keeping the heat on the outer wall and cool on the inner wall; the upper and lower walls are taken as adiabatic. The aspect ratio of the duct is taken l = 1 so that the duct cross section is viewed as square. The gravitational force acts on the flow as an external force, and a pressure gradient force (namely, Dean number effects) has been applied along the centerline of the duct. Due to the rotation of the system and the duct curvature, the flow is influenced by the centrifugal and Coriolis forces. The calculations are carried out by the spectral method as the primary tool, while the Chebyshev polynomial, collocation method, Newton–Raphson method, and arc-length method are used as secondary tools. The focus is to show the effects of the magnetic parameter (M), Hall parameter (m), and ion-slip parameter (α) on the flow characteristics of this rotationally curved square duct. The new findings have been shown in various values of M, m, and α for the three cases of Dean numbers, such as case I: Dn = 1000, case II: Dn = 3000, and case III: Dn = 5000, with different curvatures, while the rotational parameter is fixed at Tr = 20. Here, it is considered that Dn, Gr, Tr, M, m, and α are varied, while the curvature of the duct δ ranges from 0.01 to 0.5.
A statistical learning perspective on the inversion of NMR relaxation data
Authors: Chen Huicui , Ding Yao , Li Fen , Yang Gang , Wang Weimin
Published: June 2022

T 2 distribution is a powerful tool in the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The T2 distribution obtained from time-domain data involves an ill-posed inverse Laplace transformation. Tikhonov regularization with an L2 penalty term is most commonly used in this kind of problem, and the discrepancy principle, generalized cross-validation, L-curve, and S-curve methods are widely used in the selection of the regularization parameter. However, these selection approaches require prior knowledge, such as an accurate estimation of the threshold level of noise or setting a default value. In this paper, we propose a new method—the stability-enhanced k-fold cross-validation (SECV) approach—to perform a robust automatic search for the regularization parameter from a statistical learning perspective. In addition to considering test set residuals, additional terms—the Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the solutions of the disjoint subsets—are put forward to enhance the stability of the solution and make a trade-off between its imitative effect and interpretability. A bimodal T2 distribution model was constructed, and abundant echo trains with different noise levels were generated for the validation of the proposed method. The relative error of the estimates is used as a measure to evaluate the performance. The inversion results from the SECV method were compared with the solutions from the conventional methods, and the results showed that the proposed method is robust without manual intervention and suitable for both low- and high-signal-to-noise ratio data. Finally, mercury injection and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments were carried out on rock core samples to verify the correctness of our method.
Design study and test of input coupler for 500 MHz five-cell cavity
Authors: Lu Zhijun , Li Xiao , Zhu Junyu , Zhang Chunlin , Liu Yang , Long Wei , Chen Shengyi , Liu Shenghua
Published: June 2022

This paper presents an optimized design and preliminary test result of a high-power input coupler. The design is motivated by five-cell Petra-type cavities operating in the Southern Advanced Photon Sources booster. We optimize the design of the high-power input coupler from the prototype, including the window geometry redesign and multipacting analysis to meet a 250 kW operation power upgrade plan. The cooling system of the coupler is redesigned to achieve a low temperature in high-power operation. Design results fulfill the five-cell cavity operation requirement. The corresponding waveguide and coaxial transition structures are developed and tested. We also describe the coupler's coupling coefficient tests and high-power test plans.
Early expression of mature αβ TCR in CD4−CD8−T cell progenitors enables MHC to drive development of T-ALL bearing NOTCH mutations
Authors: Laffey Kimberly G. , Stiles Robert J. , Ludescher Melissa J. , Davis Tessa R. , Khwaja Shariq S. , Bram Richard J. , Wettstein Peter J. , Ramachandran Venkataraman , Parks Christopher A. , Reyes Edwin E. , Ferrer Alejandro , Canfield Jenna M. , Johnson Cory E. , Hammer Richard D. , Gil Diana , Schrum Adam G.
Published: June 2022

During normal T cell development in mouse and human, a low-frequency population of immature CD4−CD8−double-negative (DN) thymocytes expresses early, mature αβ T cell antigen receptor (TCR). We report that these early αβ TCR+ DN (EADN) cells are DN3b-DN4 stage and require CD3δ but not major histocompatibility complex (MHC) for their generation/detection. When MHC - is present, however, EADN cells can respond to it, displaying a degree of coreceptor-independent MHC reactivity not typical of mature, conventional αβ T cells. We found these data to be connected with observations that EADN cells were susceptible to T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) transformation in both humans and mice. Using the OT-1 TCR transgenic system to model EADN-stage αβ TCR expression, we found that EADN leukemogenesis required MHC to induce development of T-ALL bearing NOTCH1 mutations. This leukemia-driving MHC requirement could be lost, however, upon passaging the tumors in vivo, even when matching MHC was continuously present in recipient animals and on the tumor cells themselves. These data demonstrate that MHC:TCR signaling can be required to initiate a cancer phenotype from an understudied developmental state that appears to be represented in the mouse and human disease spectrum.
L2 writing
Authors: Schoonen Rob
Published: June 2022

This chapter aims to identify sources of individual differences in writing proficiency, and ways to measure these differences. The construct of writing proficiency is delineated and embedded in cognitive approaches to writing research. It is considered to be a multi-faceted construct, which implies that various component skills contribute to the quality of the eventual writing performance. Writing in a second language often builds on L1 writing skills and procedures, but also raises its own questions, such as the role of transfer of (metacognitive) knowledge, and the writer’s strength and weaknesses in the target language. The best way to assess a language learner’s writing proficiency very much depends on the assessment purposes, and can range from a focused measurement of subskills with discrete-point tests, for diagnostic purposes, to a general performance assessment with holistic rating, for admission purposes. A number of characteristics of these measurements are discussed in the second part of this chapter.
L2 writing and its internal correlates
Authors: Kojima Masumi , Kaneta Taku
Published: June 2022

This study examined the overall average correlation between second/foreign language (L2) writing performance and frequently investigated features of writing (i.e., writing-internal correlates). The correlates of L2 writing performance included objective measures of text features (syntactic complexity, lexical complexity, accuracy, fluency, and cohesion) as well as subjective measures (content, argument, organization, cohesion, coherence, grammar, vocabulary, language use, mechanics, and accuracy). A series of moderator analyses were also carried out for each type of objective measure to examine the effects of participants’ age, L2 proficiency, learning context, first language (L1) and L2 distance, task type, writing scoring method, and some characteristics of objective measures. By doing so, the present study aimed to identify key correlates of L2 writing performance and compare their relative importance. To this end, a total of 103 retrieved studies contributed 1,045 effect sizes based on 15,537 independent participants. The results for objective measures demonstrated that fluency had the strongest mean correlation with L2 writing performance (r = .570), followed by accuracy (r = .477), lexical complexity (r = .295), syntactic complexity (r = .271), and cohesion (r = .198). All subjective measure components had strong mean correlations with L2 writing performance (r = .668 to .927), but content and language use features had the strongest effects and cohesion and coherence features showed the least effects. Participants’ age, learning context, L1–L2 distance, writing scoring method, and some measurement characteristics were found to be significant moderators for certain components. The findings of this study have implications for L2 instruction suggesting that fluency and language accuracy of L2 writing should be promoted across the various developmental stages of L2 learners in various conditions, whereas lexical and syntactic competence should be more focused upon when instructing child/adolescent or low/intermediate L2 writers.
L2 writing and its external correlates
Authors: Kojima Masumi , In'nami Yo , Kaneta Taku
Published: June 2022

The present meta-analysis examined the overall average correlation between second/foreign language (L2) writing performance and each of 11 key predictor variables frequently investigated in the research domain, and compared the relative importance of those variables. A series of moderator analyses were also carried out to examine the effects of age, L2 proficiency, first language (L1) and L2 distance, learning context, and measurement characteristics for six high-evidence correlates (L2 grammar, L2 vocabulary, L2 reading, L2 speaking, L1 writing, and motivational constructs). By doing so, we examined various L2 proficiency models, writing models, and hypotheses, particularly the core-periphery model proposed by Hulstijn (2015). To this end, a total of 103 retrieved studies contributed 377 effect sizes based on 112,475 independent participants. The results showed that L2 reading and speaking achievement had strong average correlations with L2 writing performance, whereas L1 writing performance had a medium correlation with it. L2 linguistic knowledge (grammar, vocabulary, transcription, decoding) had more medium to strong effects on L2 writing performance than language-general cognitive skills and motivational constructs, which had only weak effects. The effects of metacognitive knowledge were trivial and insignificant. L2 proficiency, age, and certain measurement characteristics were found to be significant moderators for certain components.
L2 listening comprehension
Authors: Wagner Elvis
Published: June 2022

This chapter examines how L2 listening ability has been modeled and operationalized in the research literature, and provides a critical overview of the dominant models. It also describes how researchers have used both taxonomies of listening skills as well as data-driven approaches to creating models of listening ability. The chapter then provides a critical discussion of how the constructs of L2 listening ability have been operationalized and measured by empirical researchers. The chapter concludes with an analysis of why models and operationalizations of L2 listening ability have often neglected to include or focus on those aspects of language that are unique to listening ability.
L2 speaking
Authors: Gao Jie , Ginther April
Published: June 2022

This chapter unpacks L2 speaking theories through a cognitive approach, where models such as the Blueprint (Levelt, 1989) and the bilingual speech model of Kormos (2006) are used to explain speech production. From the perspective of language testing and assessment, we further discuss fluency and vocabulary as measurable constructs, which reflects their contribution to the utterance-based strand of L2 speaking assessment research. In addition, we review the categorization framework of cognitive fluency, utterance fluency, and perceived fluency proposed by Segalowitz (2010). This framework emphasizes the operational mechanisms underlying speaking performance, meanwhile highlighting participation from both speakers and listeners. From the perspective of language teaching, we summarize different instructional approaches to L2 speaking, as well as the impact of segmental and suprasegmental features on pronunciation proficiency. We also synthesize the operationalization methods for intelligibility, comprehensibility, and accentedness, which are closely connected with both L2 speaking assessment and pronunciation instruction.
Mechanical testing of particle streaming and intact extracellular mucilage nanofibers reveal a role of elastic force in diatom motility
Authors: Gutiérrez-Medina Braulio , Peña Maldonado Ana Iris , García-Meza Jessica Viridiana
Published: June 2022

Diatoms are unicellular microalgae with a rigid cell wall, able to glide on surfaces by releasing nanopolymeric fibers through central slits known as raphes. Here we consider the model Nitszchia communis to perform quantitative studies on two complementary aspects involved in diatom gliding. Using video microscopy and automated image analysis, we measure the motion of test beads as they are pulled by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) fibers at the diatom raphe (particle streaming). A multimodal distribution of particle speed is found, evidencing the appearance of short-time events of high speed and acceleration (known as jerky motion) and suggesting that different mechanisms contribute to set diatom velocity during gliding. Furthermore, we use optical tweezers to obtain force-extension records for extracellular diatom nanofibers; records are well described by the worm-like chain model of polymer elasticity. In contrast to previous studies based on application of denaturing force (in the nN regime), application of low force (up to 6 pN) and using enable us to obtain the persistence length of intact fibers. From these measurements, mechanical parameters of EPS fibers such as radius and elastic constant are estimated. Furthermore, by modeling particle streaming as a spring in parallel with a dashpot, we show that the time involved in the release of mechanical energy after fiber detachment from beads (elastic snapping) agrees with our observations of jerky motion. We conclude that the smooth and jerky motions displayed by gliding diatoms correspond to molecular motors and elastic snapping, respectively, thus providing quantitative elements that incorporate to current models of the mechanics behind diatom locomotion.
Directed network analysis reveals changes in cortical and muscular connectivity caused by different standing balance tasks
Authors: Liang Tie , Hong Lei , Xiao Jinzhuang , Wei Lixin , Liu Xiaoguang , Wang Hongrui , Dong Bin , Liu Xiuling
Published: June 2022

Objective. Standing balance forms the basis of daily activities that require the integration of multi-sensory information and coordination of multi-muscle activation. Previous studies have confirmed that the cortex is directly involved in balance control, but little is known about the neural mechanisms of cortical integration and muscle coordination in maintaining standing balance. Approach. We used a direct directed transfer function (dDTF) to analyze the changes in the cortex and muscle connections of healthy subjects (15 subjects: 13 male and 2 female) corresponding to different standing balance tasks. Main results. The results show that the topology of the EEG brain network and muscle network changes significantly as the difficulty of the balancing tasks increases. For muscle networks, the connection analysis shows that the connection of antagonistic muscle pairs plays a major role in the task. For EEG brain networks, graph theory-based analysis shows that the clustering coefficient increases significantly, and the characteristic path length decreases significantly with increasing task difficulty. We also found that cortex-to-muscle connections increased with the difficulty of the task and were significantly stronger than the muscle-to-cortex connections. Significance. These results show that changes in the difficulty of balancing tasks alter EEG brain networks and muscle networks, and an analysis based on the directed network can provide rich information for exploring the neural mechanisms of balance control.
Multi-view cross-subject seizure detection with information bottleneck attribution
Authors: Zhao Yanna , Zhang Gaobo , Zhang Yongfeng , Xiao Tiantian , Wang Ziwei , Xu Fangzhou , Zheng Yuanjie
Published: June 2022

Objective. Significant progress has been witnessed in within-subject seizure detection from electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Consequently, more and more works have been shifted from within-subject seizure detection to cross-subject scenarios. However, the progress is hindered by inter-patient variations caused by gender, seizure type, etc. Approach. To tackle this problem, we propose a multi-view cross-object seizure detection model with information bottleneck attribution (IBA). Significance. Feature representations specific to seizures are learned from raw EEG data by adversarial deep learning. Combined with the manually designed discriminative features, the model can detect seizures across different subjects. In addition, we introduce IBA to provide insights into the decision-making of the adversarial learning process, thus enhancing the interpretability of the model. Main results. Extensive experiments are conducted on two benchmark datasets. The experimental results verify the efficacy of the model.
Landscape structure of the territory of the State nature sanctuary of regional significance “Sursky Peaks” (Ulyanovsk region, Russia)
Authors: Astashin A E , Badin M M , Krivdina I Yu , Vatina O E , Pashkin O N
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of landscape differentiation of the territory of the state nature sanctuary “Sursky Peaks” (Ulyanovsk region), performed at the hierarchical level of landscape types. The researched territory is located in the forest-steppe zone (northern forest-steppe subzone) within the Volga upland. The territory is characterized by high biological diversity. The high environmental significance determines the relevance of the landscape zoning scheme, which is necessary for the effective organization of environmental and recreational activities. During the research, 4 landscapes were identified, for each of which a list of characteristic stows was established, areas of violations of the environmental regime – clearings – were identified and mapped. The work was carried out on the basis of field researches, conducted in 2021, materials of remote sensing of the Earth, thematic maps, literary data processed using GIS.
Thermal conditions of storing seed grain in a hermetic container with a regulated air environment
Authors: Latyshenok M B , Shemyakin A V , Latyshenok N M , Slobodskova A A , Gasparyan S V
Published: June 2022

Grain production largely determines the level of development of the country, its food security and the standard of living of the population. Currently, about 70 000 enterprises and organizations in all agricultural regions of the country are engaged in grain production in the Russian Federation, of which more than half are peasant farms that do not have an adequate base for storing seed grain and scientifically based storage technologies, in particular. The choice of the storage method is determined by many conditions. It is necessary to consider climatic features of the area where grain will be stored, types and capacities of granaries, etc. The cheapest and easiest way to store grain is storage in metal silos, but it does not protect seeds from thermal processes occurring in the grain bulk under the influence of external climatic factors and therefore it is unsuitable for their storage.
The influence of highly dispersed humic acids on the growth and decorative qualities of Tagetes patula L.
Authors: Nazarova A A , Fadkin G N , Cherkasov O V , Borychev S N , Shemyakin A V
Published: June 2022

Ryazan Agrotechnological University. P.A. Kostychev, the biocatalytic properties of highly dispersed humic acids (HHA) on various crops are being studied, but the question of the influence of HHA on ornamental crops has not been studied at all. A laboratory experiment on seeds and seedlings of Tagetes patula L. (variety “Makkeny’s Gold”) showed that for the seeds of this crop, the most effective concentration of HHA is 5.0 g/t, which increases germination, the length of the sprout by 2.5 mm (+9.5 %) and root by 3.8 mm (+20.9%), as well as the weight of the sprout by 36.7% and root by 55.9% relative to the control. An experiment on vegetative plants Tagetes patula L. showed that a dose of HHA of 5.0 g/t increases the decorative qualities of this crop, so there was an increase in plant height by 5.1 cm (+21%) and root system weight by 1.3 g ( + 25.5%), the number of leaves per 1 plant increased by 5 pcs (+14.7%), the number of flowers per 1 plant increased by 1.9 pcs (+25%), as well as the flower diameter by 0.9 cm ( +15.3%) relative to control. HHA at a dose of 6.0 g/t most effectively influenced the speed of the vegetation phases, reducing the period from germination to the beginning of flowering by 6 days. Also, when using HHA 6.0 g/t, the maximum seed productivity of Tagetes patula L. was determined, the weight of seeds from 1 plant was 5.3 g, which is higher than the control by 0.8 g (+17.8%).
Neural network modeling as a means of providing free access to the results of agronomic research in the scientific community
Authors: Nikiforov A G , Rekovets A V , Konova A M , Takhumova O V , Morkovkin D E , Zubovov Ya O , Chernikina E V
Published: June 2022

The results of field studies of the yield of spring barley are considered in order to use them to build a neural network model. The main stages of obtaining the model are described. An accuracy of about 2% was obtained, which makes it possible to use the model for research and practical activities. The model was verified, which showed new ways of conducting scientific research on the yield of grain crops.
Study of the effect of foliar top dressing with liquid polymer fertilizer Zelenit nitrogen micro on the growth and development of potato plants in vivo
Authors: Fedorova Yu N , Morozov V V , Fedorova L N , Telpuk M B , Kovaleva I B
Published: June 2022

This article contains the results of a study on the study of foliar feeding of potatoes with liquid polymer fertilizer Zelenit nitrogen micro at concentrations of 25, 30 and 35 mg/l. The provision of the plant with the main elements of nutrition contributes to good growth, accelerating its development, and also has a positive effect on the resistance of plants to negative influences. In the course of our research, it was found that it is effective to use foliar top dressing with Zelenit at a concentration of 30 to 35 mg / l, here the plants were better leafy and had the largest number of stems, which had a positive effect on the formation of the crop. The most productive of the studied varieties was the Belarusian variety Manifest, which ultimately had the maximum yield of seed material of the first field generation, which plays a paramount role for seed production. When studying the average coefficient of adaptability (Ka) in the conditions of the Pskov region, it was found that the most productive and promising varieties for growing in this region are Manifest and Lileya Belorusskaya with the highest coefficients of adaptability from 1.25-0.02 and with the use of liquid polymer fertilizer at a concentration of 25-30 mg / l.
The use of plant growth regulator Biosil in peach orchards in order to increase resistance to diseases in the humid subtropics of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus
Authors: Mikhailova Ye V , Karpun N N , Pantiya G G
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the results of using the plant growth regulator Biosil® to increase the resistance of peach to the main leaf diseases (peach leaf curl (caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul.) and shot-hole disease (caused by Stigmina carpophila (Lév.) M.B. Ellis)). The studies were carried out for four years (2018-2021) in peach orchards in the zone of humid subtropics of the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus (Sochi, Russia). The degree of development of peach leaf curl in the control variant was 10.2-25.0%. The degree of development of shot-hole disease in the control variant was 9.2-29.8%. The use of Biosil in combination with fungicides in half doses and in pure form makes it possible to increase the resistance of the crop to the studied diseases. The maximum biological efficiency (up to 70%) in relation to leaf curl and up to 60% in relation to shot-hole disease was observed when Biosil was used in a tank mixture with fungicides. The use of the plant growth regulator Biosil makes it possible to reduce the dose of fungicides in peach agrocenoses while protecting against peach leaf curl and shot-hole disease by half. The use of the studied growth regulator for four years did not lead to a decrease in its biological efficiency.
Effect of fodder ingredient on meat productivity and development of internal organs of broilers
Authors: Amiranashvili E I , Kolokolnikov N V , Chaunina E A , Yatsishin A V
Published: June 2022

Annually, there is an increase in the cost of soybean components of feedstuffs, which negatively affects the profitability of poultry farming. The use of cheaper alternative feeds in poultry diets such as rapeseed flour, as well as sunflower kernels and seeds, brings novelty to fodder production and broiler feeding. The purpose of these studies was to determine the impact of unconventional fodder ingredients on meat productivity and the development of internal organs of broilers. The results of the experiment on the use of rapeseed flour in the diets of turkeys show that its introduction into the diets reduces their pre-slaughter living weight and the weight of the ripped carcass. Development of the internal organs of the experimental groups was comparable to those of the control group. The inclusion of sunflower kernel and seeds in the diet contributed to increased meat productivity and better development of internal organs in broiler chickens. Compared to the sunflower core, broilers receiving sunflower seeds and the enzyme preparation Ronozim tended to increase the weight of internal organs, while the greatest differences were established by the relative weight of the gizzard (when using 5% of fodder ingredients - by 0.05%, and when using 7.5% - by 0.03%).
Ensuring the development of production in the conditions of transition to sustainable development
Authors: Evdokimova Y V , Egorova E N , Evdokimova A A , Larionova A A
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the features of the formation of new production models in the transition to sustainable development. The characteristics of sustainable production and consumption, sustainable development of the enterprise are given. The principles of the concept of sustainable production have been studied. The analysis of new mechanisms of sustainable development of enterprises is made. The key directions taken into account by organizations when forming a strategy for its sustainable development are presented. The industries positioned as the most promising and providing new opportunities in conditions of sustainable development are considered. The ways of further promotion of organizations to the stability of production in the conditions of transition to sustainable development are proposed.
Species diversity of herbaceous vegetation of Lake Lunskoye shore protection zone in the context of recreational use and sustainable development
Authors: Makeev I S , Kiseleva N Y , Sidorenko M V , Yunina V P , Bakka S V
Published: June 2022

The subject is flora and diversity of grass vegetation in shore protection zone of Lake Lunskoye on the Volga floodplain nearly the metropolis of Nizhny Novgorod. The proportion of the environmental groups of flora and vegetation cover was estimated concerned to soil moisture by means of Landolt five-graded scale. The indices of species richness, diversity and evenness (Margalef, Shannon, Simpson, Pielou) were measured, a cluster analysis of spatial heterogeneity with Morisita-Horn β-diversity index was made, and the The disturbance of vegetation on the shores was assessed by the participation of ruderal species (weeds) in the composition and cover abundance of herbaceous assemblages. The practicality of catchment protection is revealed, thus the regional legislative conservation of the natural landscape and environmental framework would be enhanced thereby contributes to the development of Sustainable Development of Goals 3, 11 and 15 on the natural areas of Nizhny Novgorod.
Complex protection of the orchard with the use of growth regulators and polyfunctional fertilizers
Authors: Poddymkina L M , Larina G E , Narezhnaya E D , Belopukhov S L , Dorozhkina L A
Published: June 2022

The studies were carried out in a fruit-bearing apple orchard of an intensive type in the steppe zone. The soil is ordinary chernozem, pHKCl 5.7-5.8; humus content 4.0-4.1%. The climate is temperate continental, with warm summers and moderately cold winters. The length of the growing season ranges from 184 to 190 days. Schemes of chemical and integrated protection of the orchard are presented. The use of an integrated protection system with the inclusion of growth regulators (epin-extra, zircon), fertilizers (siliplant, ecofus, cytovit, ferovit, etc.) provided an increase in apple harvest by an average of 33-45% over 2 years. The increase in yield is associated with an increase in the effectiveness of pesticides, an increase in the resistance of the crop itself to negative environmental factors, an increase in growth processes, and a supply of nutrients. Analysis of the obtained products showed the absence of residual quantities of used pesticides. The provision of the population with fruits is associated with their supply from other countries. An analysis of imported products for their safety showed that 10-12% of the amount received contained pesticide residues above the maximum allowable level (MAL). A list of insecticides and fungicides, the residual amounts of which were found in apples above the MAL, is given.
Establishment of boundaries and determination of highly valuable grape-suitable agricultural land areas using modern information technologies
Authors: Barsukova G N , Yurchenko K A
Published: June 2022

The necessity of clarifying the boundaries of the most valuable productive agricultural lands represented as grape-suitable land is justified in connection with the reduction of the area of vineyards, their withdrawal from agricultural turnover. It was established that from 1982 to 2022 in the resort-city Anapa, the area of cultivated vineyards decreased by 10968 hectares or 76%. A method of clarifying the boundaries and determining the areas of grape-growing land using satellite images and data from the “Public Cadastral Map” service is proposed. The method established in 2007 provides the exclusion of forest strips, roads, outbuildings, swamps, plots from industrial land and were transferred for expansion of settlements and the assessment of obtained areas were made by ownership forms and by types of permitted use. The proposals were tested on the example of the Agricultural Production Cooperative named after Lenin of the resort-city Anapa, it was found that in addition, 1920 hectares of vineyards can be laid in this agricultural organization.
Efficiency of application of compost of liquid poultry manure under sunflower in southern chernozem
Authors: Kamenev R A , Solodovnikov A P , Letuchiy A V , Gudova L A , Lekarev A V
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of three-year field experiments on the application of compost of liquid poultry manure on sunflower crops in the conditions of southern chernozems of the Rostov region. The application of compost increased the yield of sunflower seeds by 0.21-0.67 t/ha, the oil content of seeds - by 2.3-3.5%. It has been established that the maximum yield of sunflower seeds was in the variant with the introduction of 20 t/ha of chicken compost in autumn during plowing, which significantly exceeds the maximum dose of N75P75K75 mineral fertilizers in terms of efficiency. A positive economic effect was after application of compost of liquid chicken manure. An increase in the level of profitability in the experiment compared to the control variant (fertilization) was with an increase in the dose of chicken compost to 10 t/ha, a further increase in the dose led to a decrease in economic efficiency.
The influence of biostimulants on the qualitative composition of carrots
Authors: Zamana S P , Kondratieva T D , Savich V I , Fedorovsky T G , Sokolov S A
Published: June 2022

The article shows that the use of biostimulants based on non-pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) contributed to the improvement of the qualitative composition of carrots. At the same time, the content of many amino acids and essential macro- and microelements increased.
Energy use of plywood by-products
Authors: Lyubov V K , Popov A N , Mukhamedzyanova E I
Published: June 2022

An effective way of using plywood by-products is burning to obtain energy required in the technological cycle of the production. The PRD 22000 boiler was operated on fuel mixture consisting of crushed plywood waste, birch bark, dry and wet veneer shorts, wood sanding dust and sawdust from line of plywood cutting, sufficiently high energy and environmental performances were obtained. However, periods of the boiler operation between shutdowns for cleaning of heating surfaces were short. Studies have shown that crushed plywood waste is the strongest contaminant of combusted fuel mixture since of its ash contains a very high amount of CaO, Na2O, K2O which cause the incrustation on heating surfaces. Wood sanding dust and sawdust from line of plywood cutting, which contain particles of abrasive material and binder resins used to fix it on sanding belts, as well as particles of glue used in the production of plywood occupy the second position in terms of pollution level. The exclusion of these components from combusted fuel mixture allows to multiply periods of boiler operation between shutdowns for cleaning of heating surfaces in six times.
Territory management based on the arrangement of agricultural landscapes
Authors: Nedikova E V
Published: June 2022

Currently, there is degradation of land, ignoring the system of scientifically based crop rotations, all this creates enormous damage to the productive potential of the country’s land fund. The paper presents a mechanism for making managerial decisions to preserve land productivity and sustainability of agricultural landscapes, which consists in collecting reliable information about the state of land, then assessing the quality state and land use. Management decisions to preserve land productivity and sustainability of agricultural landscapes are divided into different levels: operational, tactical, strategic). It is necessary to manage the territories based on the rational organization and arrangement of the territory of each specific land use, or, in other words, the management of the territories should be based on the solution of environmental and economic issues in the process of land management, and this, of course, affects the state of the ecosystem of a particular agricultural landscape. The developed mechanism for managing territories based on the arrangement of an agrolandscape consists of 3 stages: creating an agrolandscape structure, assessing its territory and analyzing options for optimizing the territory of each agricultural enterprise located on the territory. agrolandscape could be both collapsing and highly resilient. Different specific gravity of arable land can either soften or exacerbate the ecological state of agrolandscapes in different ways, which means that with the help of optimization indicators of various types of agrolandscapes, humanity has the opportunity to influence the stability of the territory. This system of formation of sustainable land use of agricultural organizations has already been worked out in the development of projects in the base farms of the Voronezh region and is a reliable basis for managing territories.
The influence of main factors on productivity of barley in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals
Authors: Mitrofanov D V , Zorov A A , Yu Skorokhodov V , Kaftan Yu V , Zenkova N A
Published: June 2022

The article shows the results of studying the influence of soil moisture, cellulose-decomposing activity of microorganisms and the amount of nutrients on the productivity of barley in crop rotations and monocrops in Orenburg region. The purpose of the experiment is to identify the effect of moisture, cellulosolytic activity of soil and macronutrients (nitrates, phosphorus, potassium) on increase of barley productivity in crop rotations and during its continuous growing. The following research methods are used: field, thermostatic-weight, application-weight, ionometric and method of Machigin. In average for 2002-2021 studies, it is observed that the yield of fodder and energy units of barley increases up to 2.10, 1.63 and 1.24, 0.96 t/ha on a fertilized background of nutrition in the second and fourth variants of the experiment. The yield of feed units increases due to the use of productive moisture by the plant during the growing season in the mount of 32.3, 32.2 mm nitrates - 4.20, 1.91 mg, phosphorus - 1.76, 0.50 and potassium - 2.47, 1.01 mg/100 g of soil with cellulose-destroying activity of microorganisms - 7.93 and 10.37%. For other variants of the experiment, various indicators of the studied factors and barley productivity are registered. The influence of moisture, activity of microorganisms, nutrients on increase of barley productivity due to influence of millet and peas in crop rotations after the application of mineral fertilizers was revealed. The dependence of the yield of energy fodder units of barley in a crop rotation with millet on the content of used nitrates in the arable soil layer has been established. The results of the study are of great importance for agronomy in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.
Analysis of the structural composition of the soil during field studies of a soil-cultivating vibratory roller
Authors: Kurdyumov V I , Proshkin V E , Zykin E S , Proshkin E N , Sharonov I A
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of experimental studies of a soil-cultivating vibratory roller, as a result of which adequate mathematical models were obtained from the standpoint of compliance with the reference values of the structural composition of the soil. According to the results of the research, it was revealed that the quality of rolling by the developed vibratory roller is 23.9% better than that of the serially produced roller KKZ-6. The optimal speed of movement of the unit and the frequency of rotation of unbalancers are also determined.
Remote determining the location of a single-phase earth fault in 6-10 kV networks based on voltage sensors
Authors: Kirzhatskikh E R , Kozlov V K
Published: June 2022

The article considers a method for determining the location of a single-phase earth fault by voltage values measured in steady state on the damaged phase. A voltage sensor based on a capacitive voltage divider is presented.
About potential opportunities for the development of solid biofuel production in Russia
Authors: Ozerova N V , Korolev I V , Zavyalova A A , Vasilyeva N V
Published: June 2022

The article considers the possibilities of expanding existing woodworking enterprises due to state subsidies for the development of renewable energy. It is proposed to use wood waste and lignified agricultural waste (straw) together as raw materials for the production of solid biofuels. An assessment of the reduction of CO2 emissions at a woodworking enterprise when replacing traditional fuels with solid biofuels is given.