bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tests as one of the effective ways to control the knowledge of students in accounting disciplines
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Lipkan Galina E. , Shchipantsova Tatyana V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Rozvezeva Irina G. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article defines the test control of knowledge. The types of
tests, advantages and disadvantages of test control are considered. The authors
provide examples of tests for the organization of knowledge control in accounting disciplines.
Formation of research competence among students in educational programs of higher education
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Litvinova Zoya A. , Mandro Nikolay M. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Yakubik Olga L. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kositsyna Ksenia S. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article reveals the formation of research competence in the
framework of the implementation of educational programs on the example of the Far
Eastern State Agrarian University. Promising areas of the university's work in terms
of providing conditions for the formation of research competence are highlighted.
The use of digital technologies in the process of teaching technological disciplines
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Osipenko Elena Yu. , Kichigina Ekaterina Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Parfyonova Svetlana N. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Zakipnaya Elena V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article considers the need for the use of digital technologies in
educational institutions of higher education. It is shown that the use of digital technologies in the process of teaching technological disciplines has a positive effect on
the quality of the educational process as a whole, the quality of knowledge, skills
and abilities received by students.
Rearing of steers with mixed feeds with rye
Authors:   Chuvash State Agrarian University, Zhestyanova Lyudmila V.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of scientific and economic experience
on the use of rye as part of compound feeds for bull calves on rearing. The conducted
studies have shown that compound feeds prepared according to developed recipes allow balancing the diets of young cattle raised for meat in accordance with detailed
norms of feeding farm animals.
Metabolism in the body of pregnant horses, depending on the composition of the diet
Authors:   Samara State Agrarian University, Zoteev Vladimir S. , Simonov Gennady A. ,   Vologda State Dairy Academy named after N. V. Vereshchagin
Published: February 2025

The experiment studied the effect of grain sorghum in the diet of
pregnant mares of the Russian trotter breed on metabolism. It has been established
that grain sorghum of the Ros variety, 15% by weight in compound feed, improves metabolism in the body of mares.
Dairy productivity of cows as the main biological activity
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Ivanova Irina P.
Published: February 2025

Milk synthesis should be considered as a complex biochemical process taking place in the cow's body. This biological activity of the animal is the basis
for the use of cattle in milk production. The average productivity of cows in the
population was 6,310 kg of milk, the fat content of milk was 3.92%, and the protein content was 3.36%. After the first calving, the dairy productivity of cows turned out
to be 5,526 kg of milk, which is 12.42% less than the average for the population of
red steppe cattle. At the same time, more than half of the cows of the breeding stock
had a cup-shaped udder (58–65%).
The effect of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate on the growth and development of calves up to 6 months of age
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Kamyshentsev Sergey G. , Sharvadze Roini L. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article examines the effect of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate "Calvofit" on the growth and development of calves under the age of 6 months.
The article analyzes changes in the growth, development and health indicators of
calves. It is concluded that the inclusion of the protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate in question in the calves' diet leads to an improvement in their growth and development, an increase in feed intake and a decrease in morbidity.
Conditionally pathogenic microflora of waterfowl of the Upper Amur region
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Litvinova Zoya A. , Yakubik Olga L. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Giletiy Andrey V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article presents data on the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms of the internal organs of migratory waterfowl. Infection of
birds with bacteria of the following genera was established: Escherichia – 46.8%;
Salmonella – 29.3 %; Enterococcus – 6.3 %; Listeria – 3.2%; Proteus – 1.6%; Staphylococcus – 0.8 %; Streptococcus – 0.8%. Data on the level of infection of organ
tissues of various species of waterfowl are presented.
The Faces of Putin: An Application of Q and the Single Case
Authors: Gaukel Charles
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the potential Q Methodology – particularly the use of a study based on a single case – could play in assisting foreign policy analysts and specialists in one of their most challenging tasks: anticipating future actions of other state or nonstate actors. The task is inherently difficult as those future actions usually are dependent on policy decisions by key leaders – decisions that may not been finalized or are subject to change. In nearly all cases, analysts must make assessments of foreign leaders in the face of information that is scarce, conflicting, and ambiguous. The study uses a 36-item Q sample drawn from Margaret Hermann’s trait analysis approach to assessing leadership style. This study of Russian leader Vladimir Putin explores the insights Q can provide via a single-case study. Only publicly available information was used for this study. The study explores the extent to which, in the subjective view of the participant, Putin’s leadership style has changed since he first assumed the Russian presidency in May 2000. The study examines Putin’s leadership style at three potentially significant inflection points: upon becoming president, the 2014-2015 Russian military interventions in Crimea/eastern Ukraine and Syria, and the invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Sortings for each of these periods were done under three distinct Conditions of Instruction that explored how Putin sought to project his leadership image (or “face”) to three key audiences.
Short-term metformin protects against glucocorticoid-induced toxicity in healthy subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Thierry Susanne , Joyce Peterson Caspar , Pfammatter Stéphanie , Arroyo Tardio Patricia , Meier Christian , Delko Tarik , Iten Vasco , S. Zuern Christine , Kühne Michael , Epstein Michael , Othman Alaa , Zamboni Nicola , Reinisch Isabel , Ghosh Adhideb , Wolfrum Christian , Seelig Eleonora
Published: February 2025

Objective: Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs, but strategies to prevent side effects are lacking. We investigated whether metformin could prevent glucocorticoid-related toxicity and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Research Design and Methods: This single-center randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over trial compared metformin to placebo during high-dose glucocorticoid treatment in 18 lean, healthy males. The trial was conducted at the University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Participants received prednisone 30mg/d in combination with metformin or placebo for two 7-day periods (1:1 randomization). The primary outcome, change in insulin sensitivity, was assessed using a two-sided paired t-test. Before and after each study period, we conducted a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT), blood metabolomics, and RNAseq of subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies.

Results: Metformin improved insulin sensitivity as assessed by the Matsuda-index (placebo: mean change -2.73 ±3.55 SD; metformin: 2.21 ±3.95; mean difference of change -4.94 -7.24 to -2.65 95% CI, p<0.001, n=17). Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that metformin altered fatty acid flux in the blood and downregulated genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue. Metformin reduced markers of protein breakdown and bone resorption. Furthermore, metformin downregulated genes responsible for AMPK inhibition and impacted GLP1 and bile acid metabolism.

Conclusions: Metformin prevents glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance and reduces markers of dyslipidemia, myopathy, and possibly bone resorption through AMPK-dependent and -independent pathways.
PRODUÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DE OVINOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Staudt Daniela , Patias Tiago Zardin , Pinto Nelson Guilherme Machado , Velho João Pedro , Schardong Bianca Jupiara Fortes
Published: February 2025

A ovinocultura no Brasil, focada na produção de carne, lã e leite, apresenta alta demanda e competitividade no mercado. Entretanto, a eficiência produtiva e a qualidade dos produtos ainda enfrentam desafios relacionados à gestão e ao manejo dos ovinos. A Bahia lidera a criação de ovinos, seguida por Pernambuco, destacando a relevância econômica da pecuária ovina no país. Este estudo investiga como se estrutura a sustentabilidade na cadeia produtiva de ovinos, considerando os aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Os objetivos incluem a análise teórica sobre a produção de ovinos e suas contribuições para a sustentabilidade, a compreensão das práticas de manejo no Brasil e a identificação de suas implicações. A pesquisa busca conectar os desafios de gestão da ovinocultura com a necessidade de práticas sustentáveis, visando estratégias que beneficiem o setor produtivo, a sociedade e o meio ambiente. Implementar práticas sustentáveis é essencial para garantir viabilidade econômica, justiça social e proteção ambiental, promovendo um desenvolvimento equilibrado e duradouro.
Forward-Looking Information Disclosure: The Role of The Board of Directors
Authors: Hapsari Dian , Setiawan Doddy , Aryani Y. Anni
Published: February 2025

This study examines the effect of gender diversity, board size, and frequency of board meetings on forward-looking information disclosure in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. Financial factors such as profitability, leverage, and company age are used as control variables. The population of this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2020-2022 period, using purposive sampling method. The results of the panel data regression analysis show that gender diversity and frequency of board meetings have a significant positive effect on the disclosure of forward-looking information, while board size does not show a significant effect. These findings support agency theory which states that higher information disclosure can reduce information asymmetry and agency costs, as well as improve the assessment of future corporate performance.
Potential Confusion Between Value Investing and Fundamental Analysis Explored Through Piotroski F-Score
Authors: Murti Nugroho Wisnu , Sugiri Slamet
Published: February 2025

This article addresses the potential confusion between fundamental analysis (FA) and value investing (VI) in stock analysis, particularly highlighting the over-reliance on financial ratios that can obscure their distinctions. It examines the role of the f-score, developed by Piotroski (2000)  as a VI indicator, which is frequently misinterpreted within the context of FA. By analyzing its utilization in academic literature, the study examines to clarify how the f-score should be understood as a value investing tool and contribute to a clearer framework distinguishing the two approaches, thereby enhancing future research and educational efforts. This article employs bibliometric analysis. Our study finds that while the f-score is frequently associated with FA metrics, its intended purpose as a measure of VI more relevant. Additionally, we categorize value investing indicators into Single Value Investing Indicators (SVII) and Combined Value Investing Indicators (CVII), building upon the foundational works of Graham & Dodd (1934) and Lakonishok et al (1994). The findings suggest that Piotroski's f-score is more appropriately classified as a CVII and more effective in predicting abnormal returns when used within the value investing framework rather than fundamental analysis.
Gamificação como técnica de capacitação profissional: pesquisa experimental
Authors: Mozzato Anelise Rebelato , Berti Sandra
Published: February 2025

Este artigo objetiva analisar a contribuição da aplicação da gamificação nos processos de capacitação profissional, por meio de uma pesquisa experimental com abordagem qualitativa, junto a um hospital veterinário. Os resultados remetem a importância de se utilizar da gamificação como mais uma técnica de capacitação, sem desconsiderar as técnicas mais tradicionais existentes. Além dos cuidados que a literatura aponta no momento da implementação da gamificação em uma organização, este estudo revela outras questões importantes, como o contexto da organização, momento atual, dinâmica utilizada e perfil dos trabalhadores. Além das contribuições teóricas, o estudo traz contribuição metodológica, com o experimento qualitativo.
Public Opinion Sentiment Analysis on Train Transport in Jakarta Using a Hybrid Model Machine Learning
Authors: Savero Adriel , Wahyu Sawali
Published: February 2025

Transportation is a key element in smoothing the wheels of the economy and connecting various regions, especially in big cities like Jakarta which has a high population density. This leads to dense and complex traffic conditions. Improving the quality and facilities of public transportation is important to overcome these problems. However, people are still reluctant to use public transportation for various reasons. Therefore, it is important to understand public sentiment towards public transportation in Jakarta. This research focuses on sentiment analysis of train-based transportation, namely KRL, MRT, and LRT. Sentiment analysis is conducted using a hybrid learning model with a voting model method, which combines SVM, logistic regression, and CNN algorithms. The data used is labeled with InSet sentiment dictionary and extracted features using TF-IDF method. The modeling results show that this hybrid model produces 89% accuracy for the KRL dataset, 88% for the MRT dataset, and 81% for the LRT dataset. However, this model still has difficulty in predicting neutral and positive classes. The results of this study show that hybrid learning with the voting model method can provide quite good results in public transportation sentiment analysis, but there is still room for improvement in the classification of neutral and positive sentiments. The findings provide important insights for the development of strategies to improve the quality of public transportation and encourage people to use the service more.
The Rutherford-Harkins-Landau-Chadwick Key–III. Fission Interpreted by Nuclear Chemistry
Authors: Stávek Jirí
Published: February 2025

Throughout the past century, scientists introduced various models of atomic nuclei, each bringing unique insights yet burdened with inherent limitations. Despite their contributions, no existing model–visualizing protons as red spheres and neutrons as blue–has provided a straightforward framework to predict or explain the outcomes of fusion and fission reactions. A wealth of experimental data gathered over decades in nuclear physics calls for a renewed organization and interpretation. Might there be a hidden principle, a key that unlocks a profound understanding of the phenomena occurring within femtometer dimensions? This work seeks to revisit the turning point in nuclear physics defined by Pauli and Fermi’s neutron and neutrino theory in 1934. We draw inspiration from earlier nuclear models developed by great visionaries such as Rutherford, Harkins, Landau, and Chadwick. Their pre-1934 theories offer a foundation for reexamining the nucleus as the composition of protons and neutrons composed from a proton and an electron. We introduce a set of guiding principles for nuclear structure, which reimagine how the nucleus operates and interacts. This revised perspective offers a gateway to reevaluating long-standing assumptions and forging new insights into nuclear behavior. The implications of this model will be demonstrated across three interconnected papers, each contributing to a more comprehensive view of the nuclear world.
Ступенчатая маршрутизация грузов как инструмент развития логистики уровня 3-4PL на железнодорожном транспорте
Authors: Любимова Ольга
Published: February 2025

В статье охарактеризована ступенчатая маршрутизация как инструмент развития логистики уровня 3-4PL на железнодорожном транспорте в рыночных условиях. Авторами на основе изученного опыта ступенчатой маршрутизации грузов, широко реализуемой при Министерстве путей сообщения и современных технологических подходов управления цепочкой поставок логистическими провайдерами 3-4PL сделан вывод о том, что Российский экспедитор имеет возможности предложить рынку железнодорожных перевозок конкурентоспособную качественную услугу на основе новой бизнес-модели.
Properties of 5G video conferencing traffic and its prediction by artificial intelligence methods
Authors: Kutuzov Denis Valer'evich , Osovsky Alexsey Viktorovich , Maltseva Natalia Sergeevna , Martynov Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: February 2025

The objectives and prospects of short- and long-term forecasting of data traffic in 5G networks are outlined. An overview of current traffic forecasting methods is presented. A large number of works indicate a variety of ap-proaches to the analysis and forecasting of mobile traffic. These approaches include both traditional statistical methods and deep learning methods, which is an important factor for the development of network technologies and optimization of radio access networks. Forecasting and management plays an important role both at the level of the entire 5G network and at the level of its individual components. With the increase in the volume of big data, traffic forecasting becomes a difficult task due to mobility and different user behavior. In connection with this circumstance, using the example of mobile traffic data from Google Meet, MS Teams and Zoom video conferencing systems, the features of this type of traffic are analyzed and it is concluded that the distribution of time intervals between packet arrivals corresponds to a stable distribution. Based on the results of studying some machine learning methods designed to predict time series, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of these methods for short-term forecasting of traffic intensity was performed. The following models were used for analysis and prediction: naive seasonal, exponential smoothing, linear regression, ARIMA, Theta and NBEATS. It was found that linear regression provides the best quality indicators for Google Meet traffic, the exponential smoothing method shows the best quality indicators for MS Teams, and the Theta method has the best indicators for Zoom.
Analysis of the nearest attack moment in critical infrastructure objects with a gradual change in the intensity of attacks over time
Authors: Popov Georgiy Aleksandrovich , Daviduk Nadezhda Valerievna , Kuzovlev Kirill Dmitrievich , Iksanov Shamil Shavketovich , Safaraliev Albert Salmanovich
Published: February 2025

Based on the apparatus of regenerating processes, a model is analyzed that describes the process of malicious attacks on a protected object of critical information infrastructure (CII). It is assumed that the intervals between the successive moments of preparation and implementation of malicious attacks are completely independent. These intervals are quite large for each of the attack sources, and the sources do not communicate with each other. The probability of a successful attack from a single source is quite low, so the moments of a successful attack for each of the attack sources are far enough apart from each other. As a result, the event associated with the successful completion of the attack for the attacker is a rare event. However, due to the fact that a successful attack on a CII facility generates large losses and costs, it becomes necessary to study the process under consideration. The main characteristic under study within the framework of the described model is the first (nearest) moment of successful malicious attack. This characteristic is one of the most important for the process of countering attacks. Numerical estimates of the parameters of the moment of the first successful attack will make it possible to more adaptively organize the process of countering attacks by implementing additional information security measures at the most dangerous and vulnerable time intervals. The analysis of this characteristic was performed in the context of the heterogeneity of the behavior of the entire process of countering attacks and countering them. It is assumed that the intervals between successive moments of attacks and the probabilities of attack success vary over time according to a power law on average. This assumption reflects the process of dynamic change in the sources of attacks and in the protection system of the CII facility. An asymptotic relationship is derived for the normal value of the moment of the first attack in conditions when the intervals between successive moments of attacks grow indefinitely, but at the same time the number of attack sources increases so that the average proportion of successful attacks tends to a certain non-zero limit. Asymptotic expressions for the average time to the nearest attack are obtained.
Cross-platform application for protection of a wide range of products from counterfeiting
Authors: Zakharenko Kirill Andreevich , Chistyakova Tamara Balabekovna , Polosin Andrey Nikolaevich
Published: February 2025

The article describes an application developed to protect a wide range of products from counterfeiting. Protection is achieved by encoding and identifying polymeric films used for product packaging and containing coding el-ements (luminophores randomly introduced into the films during their production). Encoding is the formation of an electronic digital signature of the package by processing its digital image. A digital signature is a reference if it is generated by the film manufacturer. Identification consists of checking the coincidence of the digital signature of the package generated by the consumer of the product with the reference signature and determining the authenticity or counterfeit of the package. The key feature of the application is its cross-platform nature, which allows using a single code base compiled for various software and hardware platforms. The application is a software package with a client-server architecture, adjustable to various types of packages, working on computers running Windows, Linux operating systems and mobile devices running Android, iOS operating systems. The server subsystem includes a database of packages, user devices and reference digital signatures, encoding and identification modules. They implement a method for estimating the angles of triangles constructed based on the brightest points on a film photograph (during processing of which the distortion and tilt angle of the device camera are taken into account), and a method for estimating the times of luminophore glow decay to specified levels based on a video recording of the glow obtained after excitation of luminescence. The methods are selected depending on the type of package, requirements for the accuracy and time of encoding and identification. Testing the application on examples of industrial samples of packaging films based on polyvinyl chloride with various luminophores using smartphones of different models has confirmed its operability. Using the application allows us to reduce the volume of counterfeit products and the costs of implementing protection, significantly expand the audience of users and increase their level of trust in the protection system due to the use of the users’ own devices, to which minimal requirements are imposed.
Conceptual structure of a decision support system for situational video analytics for multi-object recognition
Authors: Shevchenko Victor Dmitrievich , Khanova Anna Alekseevna , Shevchenko Julia Dmitrievna , Evstratov Alexander Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2025

Information is provided on the growing interest in situational video analytics (SVA) technologies in various fields of activity. The paper describes a trend towards the implementation of SVA systems based on cognitive artificial intelligence technologies, which make it possible to detect an object and its location in a video stream in real time with a high degree of accuracy. The architecture of a decision support system (DSS) with the possibility of multi-object recognition is proposed. The key logical components of the DSS in the field of SVA are highlighted, as well as the functions and purpose of each component are described. The role of the decision maker for implementing multi-object recognition when searching for an object in a video stream is particularly emphasized. The classification of neural networks by types and fields of application is given, and it is revealed that convolutional neural networks are used to solve video analytics problems. Examples of using the YOLOv5 convolutional model in the DSS model database management system in IAS tasks for detecting the presence of objects on video data are considered. A block diagram of the SVA object recognition algorithm has been developed. A series of experiments has been conducted to train a convolutional neural network model on a unique dataset, on an expanded dataset, and with a new additional object. This organization of experiments is aimed at improving the quality and accuracy of object recognition and exploring the possibility of multi-object recognition. As a result of the experiment, the final trained neural network model was tested and its potential capabilities were analyzed for use in the SVA DSS, taking into account the accuracy of the model. The accuracy was 91.6% for the validation set containing 2 objects. The results obtained using a trained neural network of the YOLOv5 architecture confirms the importance of convolutional neural networks as a key component of the database of SVA DSS models.
Regulatory and legal regulation of educational migration in the context of globalization
Authors: Tsyupka T. O. , Bondar N. A. , Rozmetov R. Y.
Published: February 2025

The article highlights certain aspects of educational migration, its legal basis, existing challenges, and the consequences of these processes for countries and society.
It is emphasised that within the framework of the human right to education, migration processes are the result of globalisation, and educational migration is an important part of international relations which has a significant impact on the development of a country.
It is found that under the legal regime of martial law, Ukraine is mainly a supplier of educational migrants, which is primarily due to the availability of education abroad, as well as the expansion of cooperation between national and foreign educational institutions and Ukraine’s aspirations for EU membership.
It is emphasised that young people seek to study abroad in search of better conditions and prospects. This is due not only to the quality of education, but also to the opportunity to gain international experience, which is becoming increasingly important in the modern world. Many students believe that studying abroad opens up new horizons for career growth, allows them to develop language skills and get acquainted with different cultures, which in turn helps them to become more competitive in the labour market.
It is concluded that educational migration in Ukraine faces various challenges that require a comprehensive approach to their solution. The legal and regulatory framework for educational migration consists of a number of international acts, Laws of Ukraine, governmental resolutions, departmental legal acts, and local documents, the content and essence of which depend on the principles of the State’s migration policy. The legal framework of educational migration has a multi-component structure, including international, regional, specific (state) and local regulations that ensure the regulation of the educational process and protection of the rights of students abroad and foreign students in the countries of education. Youth is the main category of the population that forms the intellectual potential and is the reproductive category of any state. Thus, the state should be interested in ensuring that young people studying abroad who were forced to leave due to the declaration of martial law in Ukraine, as well as foreign students studying in our country, carry out their work activities in Ukraine, implementing the conceptual paradigm of the knowledge economy.
Problems of the reception of contractual and tort obligations of roman law in the statutes of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Authors: Kryzhevskyi A. V.
Published: February 2025

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the reception of contractual and tort obligations of Roman law in the legal system of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Special attention is given to a comparative analysis of Roman contractual and tort obligations and their analogs in Lithuanian-Rus` law, as recorded in the Lithuanian Statutes of 1529, 1566, and 1588. The validity of the theoretical propositions, conclusions, scientific analysis, and the reliability of the research results are ensured through the use of a combination of philosophical, general scientific, and special scientific methods, including: comparative-legal, formal-legal, hermeneutical-legal, historical-functional, systemic-functional, systemic-structural, and methods of synchronous and diachronic comparison, etc. The research was conducted from the perspective of the principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, complementarity, and substantiation, which provided a reliable methodological basis for a comprehensive analysis of the research subject. The article traces the influence of the socio-economic conditions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania on the course and features of the reception of Roman law. It analyzes how Roman concepts of tort were adapted to the conditions of the state-legal and societal development of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The integration of Roman legal concepts of obligational law into the Lithuanian-Ruthenian legal system is examined, taking into account the specificity of local legal institutions, mentality, and customary law. The author concludes that the reception of Roman law in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania contributed to the formation of the foundations of modern obligational law and became an important stage in the development of the Ukrainian legal tradition. It is proved that there was no full copying of Roman legal constructs, and the received norms of Roman law underwent profound rethinking and adaptation to local conditions. It is substantiated that the institution of pledge, widespread in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, was significantly influenced by Roman law but retained a number of characteristic differences from Roman legal constructs.
Prospects for improving the legal regulation of the sphere of integrity in the judicial system of Ukraine
Authors: Matviyiv R. I.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to determining the main aspects of improving the legal regulation of the sphere of integrity in the judicial system of Ukraine in order to adapt it to European standards.
It is motivated that the principle of integrity of a judge is initially perceived as a necessary standard, which is included in the legal regulation of the sphere of the judicial system in a legal state, however, this legal concept should be perceived broadly, since it embodies the ideology of the legal reality of modernity. The judge represents the protective function of the state, in the perception of the large-scale nature of his activities are aimed at the formation of justice and the rule of law through the implementation of judicial proceedings. Therefore, such requirements for a judge as integrity are a necessary element of achieving the highest standards of state-building.
It is proven that the integrity of judges is a significant factor in the transformation of the legal system of Ukraine to European standards of justice, acting as a unique praxeological and philosophical-legal demanded characteristic of the representatives of the judicial corps, which forms respect for the judicial system from the public, determines the trust of society in the state as a whole and represents the effectiveness of the judiciary and its compliance with high standards of justice and the rule of law.
Having considered the understanding of integrity, the practice of functioning of judges of various branches and foreign exemplary practice of European states in this area, it is proposed to improve legal regulation for the implementation of the principle of integrity in national practice. It is proven that a comprehensive understanding of integrity, a normatively derived conceptual and categorical apparatus does not exist, in addition, the elements of the integrity of a judge are uncertain and further discussed. Therefore, the identified problem requires immediate normative improvement. It is also motivated that the normative establishment and preliminary coordination between all institutions of uniform indicators (criteria, indicators) for determining the integrity / dishonesty of judges and candidates for this position, which would reflect the principles of legal certainty, the rule of law and justice, is in demand.
Challenges and trends in Ukrainian modern law-formation
Authors: Osaulenko V. T.
Published: February 2025

In the article, the author noted the relevance of scientific knowledge of the issues of the location of the peculiarities of modern law-making, which are proposed to be summarized within the limits of the relevant challenges and development trends. Therefore, the purpose of the study is defined as identifying and characterizing the challenges that exist today in the mechanism of law-making in Ukraine, as well as establishing trends in the development of law-making.
It is noted that the relevance of the scientific study of existing challenges and trends in modern law-making in Ukraine is determined by a number of important factors that affect the domestic legal system, society and the state. The main aspects that emphasize the relevance of research in the field of law-making, and therefore emphasize the relevance of this topic of scientific work, are as follows. Scientific studies of the peculiarities of modern law-making in Ukraine are potentially aimed at ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of the legal system. The quality and effectiveness of the legal system directly depend on the law-making mechanism, which determines how quickly and adequately laws respond to the needs of society and the challenges of modern times. Research on law-making helps to create more effective legal acts that can adapt more quickly to changes in society, and the study of its challenges and trends that determine law-making is potentially capable of strengthening the practice of law-making, its compliance with the modern needs of social life.
Based on the analysis of doctrinal ideas on the specifics of modern law-making in Ukraine, it was found that modern challenges and trends in the mechanism of law-making in Ukraine reflect the influence of both internal and external factors, which can be summarized within the following blocks: 1) European integration and harmonization legislation of Ukraine; 2) decentralization of power and development of local self-government; 3) digitalization of law-making, which is accompanied by the need to protect personal data, cyber security and regulation of digital services, which requires rapid adaptation of the legal system to new technologies; 4) increasing the role of civil society in law-making; 5) minimization of the influence of corruption-inducing factors on the process of preparation and adoption of law-making acts; 6) increasing the efficiency and transparency of the law-making process; 7) strengthening of international cooperation and implementation of international obligations; 8) consideration of judicial practice in law-making, which is accompanied by the need to harmonize law-making with existing precedents and decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, which contributes to the unity of legal practice.
It was concluded that modern law-making in Ukraine is marked by the need to combine European standards, digital technologies and ensure greater transparency and public participation in the legal process.
Law of Ukraine “On the use of the english language in Ukraine”: legal consequences of the adoption for educational entities
Authors: Pavlusenko O. V.
Published: February 2025

Education is a fundamental factor in the development and empowerment of citizens worldwide. Education provides the opportunity to gain knowledge and information, fosters self-esteem and confidence, and helps individuals realize their potential. The right to education is guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine, as the supreme law, and is protected by the state. An educated nation is a strong state and the key to the success of the entire country.
Children are the asset of the state. Guaranty and protecting children’s rights is one of the most important tasks of the government, as the younger generation is the foundation for creating the future of every country in the world. Educated children today are the guarantee of a successful country tomorrow. Therefore, the legal protection of childhood is a priority in achieving the goals set by the state. The right to education is a fundamental socio-cultural right that ensures the stable development of the younger generation.
Children’s right to education is one of the fundamental rights guaranteed and regulated by all states. The education sector, like all areas of society, has undergone significant changes in the context of martial law. We have all had to learn and continue learning to live in these new conditions: some continue to pursue education, while others continue to work.
Part of the participants in the educational process, due to life-threatening conditions, military actions, and the temporary occupation of certain territories, have been forced to relocate within Ukraine or abroad. Many teachers and students still live in temporarily occupied territories and require special state support. Some educational institutions have been physically destroyed.
During the war and after it ends, the primary task of the education sector is and will be to ensure the quality of education at all levels. The education system in Ukraine is currently undergoing a process of reform. With changes in social living conditions, the legal framework of the country is being forced to change and adapt to European standards.
Ambivalence of modern civilization and legal socialization: theoretical and legal aspect
Authors: Paruta O. V.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the ambivalence of modern civilization as a factor influencing legal socialization. Globalization and localization, individualism and collectivism, and the simultaneous pursuit of progress while striving to preserve traditions create duality and conflict in the socialization conditions experienced by modern individuals. This duality presents both opportunities for personal development and new risks for the formation of legal consciousness.
Dynamic changes in cultural, legal, social, and economic contexts compel individuals to make rapid, often unconsidered decisions aimed at survival and adaptation. This fosters the risk of forming distorted perceptions of law, justice, the authority of the law, and its intended purpose.
Mass global culture has reshaped the conditions of legal socialization by introducing elements of risk and uncertainty. Multiculturalism, while promoting the development of international law and integrating diverse legal traditions into a global system, generates new societal contradictions, heightens social tensions, and leads to the emergence of so-called «parallel legal worlds.» Secular state policies, combined with increasing cultural and religious diversity, complicate legal socialization by raising the risk of fragmenting legal systems. The mismatch between the traditional values of certain social groups and legal norms often results in non-compliance with the law.
It is emphasized that the crisis of democracy is marked by declining trust in political and legal institutions, the rise of authoritarian tendencies, and the weakening of rule-of-law mechanisms. The absence of effective legal protections during times of crisis fosters the spread of legal nihilism, further complicating the search for consensus between the state and its people. To mitigate negative consequences and ease societal tensions, a coordinated and effective international and national legal policy is essential. Joint efforts should focus on integrating diverse cultures on the basis of legal principles, primarily emphasizing equality and the rule of law. In complex political, legal, and multicultural conditions, this approach will safeguard individual rights regardless of origin, social status, religion, or other factors.
Сommunication of civil society and the judiciary: methodological research approaches
Authors: Cherpovytska I. , Udovyka L.
Published: February 2025

The article substantiates philosophical and worldview approaches in the study of communication between civil society and the judiciary, such as: civilizational, dialectical, axiological, anthropological, communicative, within which the understanding of communication between civil society and the judiciary is carried out in direct connection with the civilizational affiliation of the country , its culture, a person, his essence, needs, values and immanently connected with constructive-value, interpretive and critical functions. It is proved that a certain type of legal understanding is a reflection of the philosophical and worldview approach in law, which leads to the interpretation of the functioning of civil society as a sphere of culture and realization of human needs, an important criterion of civilizational development, and the activity of the judiciary is inextricably linked with justice, fairness, and human rights. The civilizational approach allows us to take into account the diversity of cultures, their originality and uniqueness, which affect the content and features of communication between civil society and the judiciary; the dialectical approach aims to study the communication of civil society and the judiciary through the prism of the laws and categories of dialectics (such as: the law of unity and struggle of opposites, categories: «essence and phenomenon», «content and form», «possibility and reality», etc.); the axiological and anthropological approaches lay the foundation for understanding the nature, content, role and meaning of communication for a person, its value and correlation with other values and essential elements of human life, without which its existence and development are impossible; the communicative approach, which aims at mutual recognition of subjects who carry out legal communication and in the course of such recognition constitute the legal status of each other. It is emphasized that the substantiated worldview and methodological approaches are not exhaustive and, along with them, the research methodology includes subject-specific general scientific, specific scientific approaches, methods and means of cognition, which in their totality and complementarity provide a comprehensive general theoretical nature of the study of the communication of civil society and the judiciary in Ukraine, which will become the subject of further research.
Interaction between state power and local self-government in Ukraine: problems of formation and directions of improvement
Authors: Melnyk S. R. , Vladovska K. P.
Published: February 2025

In recent decades, significant changes have been taking place in the governance system in Ukraine, aimed at increasing the efficiency of government bodies and strengthening the role of local communities. The article thoroughly examines the historical evolution of interaction between state authorities and local self-government in Ukraine, paying special attention to modern decentralization processes that began after the Revolution of Dignity in 2014. Decentralization has become one of the key reforms aimed at modernizing the governance system, optimizing the distribution of resources and powers, and strengthening the role of local communities. This is a major step towards democratic development and modernization of public administration. However, the analysis shows that the implementation of this reform is accompanied by numerous problems. To find effective solutions to the identified problems, a comparative analysis of the Ukrainian and Canadian experiences is carried out. Canada, with a long history of local self-government, has become an example of an effective decentralized management model.
The Ukrainian experience of decentralization, despite certain achievements, remains at the formation stage. Significant successes include the creation of united territorial communities (UTCs), the transfer of financial resources to the local level, and the improvement of infrastructure in certain regions. At the same time, the identified shortcomings indicate the need to improve the legislative framework, increase the transparency of resource allocation, and increase citizen involvement in management processes. To enhance local self-government, we need to strengthen local capacities and foster partnerships between central and local authorities to improve resource management and public service quality.
Modern decentralization in Ukraine is a revival of local self-government, adapted to contemporary needs and drawing on historical and international experience. It aims to create a more agile and efficient management system capable of addressing current challenges.