bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphology, Internal Architecture, Facies Model, and Emplacement Mechanisms of Lava Flows from the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) of the Hartford and Deerfield Basins (USA)
Authors: Moumou Abdelhak , Youbi Nasrrddine , Hind El Hachimi , Evans David , El Kadiri Khalil , Madeira José , Mata João , Amri Isma , Ait Baha Abdelkarim
Published: June 2024

The morphology, internal architecture, and emplacement mechanisms of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) lava flows of the Hartford and Deerfield basins (USA) are presented. The Talcott, Holyoke, and Hampden formations within the Hartford basin constitute distinct basaltic units, each exhibiting chemical, mineralogical, and structural differences corresponding to flow fields. Each flow field was the result of several sustained eruptions that produced both inflated pahoehoe flows and subaquatic extrusions: 1–5 eruptions in the Talcott formation and 1-2 in Holyoke and Hampden basalts, where simple flows are dominant. The Deerfield basin displays the Deerfield basalt unit, characterized by pillow lavas and sheet lobes, aligning chemically and mineralogically with the Holyoke basalt unit. Overall, the studied flow fields are composed of thick, simple pahoehoe flows that display the entire range of pahoehoe morphology, including inflated lobes. The three-partite structure of sheet lobes, vertical distribution of vesicles, and segregation structures are typical. The characteristics of the volcanic pile suggest slow emplacement during sustained eruptive episodes and are compatible with a continental basaltic succession facies model. The studied CAMP basalts of the eastern United States are correlated with the well-exposed examples on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean (Canada, Portugal, and Morocco).
Motor and Respiratory Tele-Rehabilitation in Long COVID-19 Patients after Hospital Discharge: An Interventional Study
Authors: Cerfoglio Serena , Verme Federica , Capodaglio Paolo , Rossi Paolo , Cvetkova Viktoria , Boldini Gabriele , Galli Manuela , Cimolin Veronica
Published: June 2024

The persistence of symptoms following COVID-19 infection represents a significant challenge in healthcare management. During the outbreak, tele-rehabilitation emerged as a new tool to support healthcare structures in providing rehabilitation services. This study assessed the effectiveness and the feasibility of a 3-week home-based motor and respiratory rehabilitation program for long COVID-19 individuals after traditional rehabilitation. Twenty-three patients completed the program and underwent functional tests at different time points (i.e. baseline, after hospital discharge, and after tele-rehabilitation). Motor function was evaluated using the instrumented Six-Minutes Walking Test (i6MWT), with monitored heart rate and oxygen saturation. Conversely, respiratory function was measured via forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) tests. Significant improvements (p < 0.05) in motor and respiratory function were observed throughout the intervention, including an 18.3% increase in walked distance from the baseline. The findings suggest that a home-based tele-rehabilitation can enhance motor and respiratory function in post-COVID patients. Despite limitations such as sample size and lack of control group, the positive outcomes seem to support the feasibility of the proposed tele-rehabilitation program in managing long COVID symptoms and promoting functional recovery. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore tele-rehabilitation’s potential in broader patient populations.
Determination of Rhythmicity and Gestational Stage-Related Distribution of Blood Plasma Melatonin Concentration in Donkey Mares
Authors: Harmat Levente , Nagy János , Somoskői Bence , Alpár Alán , Fekete Sándor György , Gáspárdy András
Published: June 2024

The aim of the study is to obtain a more complete picture of the blood plasma melatonin concentration in the donkey species. To this purpose sampling and statistical processing were carried out in such a way that allowed to establish the annual and daily rhythm. Based on human observations, according to the hypothesis of the authors, the blood plasma melatonin concentration of pregnant individuals rises during late gestational period, before parturition. To confirm this, the melatonin concentration of pregnant and non-pregnant mares was monitored and compared. In regard to the circannual rhythm, the significantly lowest midnight melatonin value (27.67 pg/ml) is typical for the summer solstice. Under consideration of circadian changes, a significantly strongest melatonin production (45.16 pg/ml) can be observed on the night of the winter solstice (p < 0.001). Considering the gestational age, the blood plasma melatonin concentration (around 38 pg/ml) does not change as pregnancy progresses (p = 0.136). The results obtained in the study population of the domestic ass usefully expand the little knowledge previously gathered about the development of blood plasma melatonin concentration of this species.
Bioaccessibility of Metals of Lead and Steel Shot and Soils at the Area of Shooting Activity
Authors: Lisin Vladimir , Chizhikova Valentina , Lubkova Tatiana , Yablonskaya Daria
Published: June 2024

By using a two-stage physiologically based extraction test (PBET) and (W-PBET), the authors of this paper have estimated the bioaccessibility of metals (Pb and Fe) and their compounds in the GI tract of waterfowl and mammals. It has been shown that the metals (Pb and Fe) have low bioaccessibility; combined with the short time of shot exposition at the GI tract, this eliminates the risk of toxic effects in the case of shot ingestion by waterfowl. It has also been discovered that there is a significant difference in the bioaccessibility of metals and their compounds. A model was proposed and tested to predict the toxic effects of lead on biological objects depending on the threshold mass of consumption. This model takes into account data on the bioavailability of lead and regulatory values indicating dangerous concentrations of lead.
Bibliographic Analysis of Primary Health Care Publications in the Asian Pacific Region: An Analysis of the Web of Science Database from 2011 to 2023
Authors: Huang Chun-Feng , Chang Brian Bih-Jeng , Hwang I-Hsuan , Chen Yu-Chun , Hwang Shinn-Jang
Published: June 2024

Emphasis on primary health care (PHC) is the most efficient and economical approach to achieving universal health coverage. The aim of the study is to examine PHC publications from 2011 to 2023 in the Asian Pacific region (APR) using the Web of Science (WoS) database. Academic papers in the WoS PHC subject category published in the APR from 2011 to 2023 were retrieved and analyzed. A total of 4,283 papers were published in the WoS PHC category from APR onwards. The annual number of published papers and their citations increased from 2011 to 2023. Australia led PHC publications in APR with 3,049 publications (71.19% of APR regional output). New Zealand had the highest number of citations per paper (13.76) and the highest mean impact factor (3.23±1.80). Publications in the WoS PHC category also covered a wide range of topics, including Medicine General Internal (64.77%), Health Care Sciences Services (21.88%), Health Policy Services and Public Environmental Occupational Health (21.36%), demonstrating the breadth of PHC research. Australia dominates the output of PHC publications in the APR. Australian Family Physician and Australian Journal of Primary Health are the leading journals publishing PHC papers in the APR.
Research on the Spatial-temporal Evolution of the Coupling and Coordination of Ecology and Economy in Ordos From the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Wu Yingtong
Published: June 2024

Sustainable development advocates for an environmentally friendly and resource-saving approach, fostering a new quality of productivity that is green and sustainable, and achieving a sustainable development where the economy and the environment are in harmony. The paper is based on clarifying the effects of coordinated development between the economy and the environment, and by establishing an indicator system, applying a remote sensing ecological index, entropy weight method, gray relational degree model, and a coupling coordination model, the relationship of coordinated development of Ordos in 2016-2022 is analyzed from a spatial-temporal perspective. The results are as follows: ① The years of coordinated development between the ecological environment and the economy are in the majority, while the uncoordinated years are fewer. ② The level of coordinated development between the ecological environment and the economy in the various regions of Ordos has been increasing year by year, but it still remains at the barely coordinated and primary coordinated levels. ③ The types of coordinated development between the ecological environment and the economy in Ordos exhibit significant spatial differentiation in terms of spatial distribution and clustering.Therefore, it is necessary to formulate coordinated development policies and measures according to the constraining factors of different regions.
Characterization of Ancient Cereals Cultivated by Intensive and Organic Procedures for Elements Content
Authors: Radaelli Marta , Scalabrin Elisa , Roman Marco , Buffa Gabriella , Griffante Irene , Streliotto Diego , Capodaglio Gabriele
Published: June 2024

According to their nutritional value, their ability to adapt to the various environmental conditions, and their versatility, cereals are among the most cultivated plants in the world. However, the ongoing climate changes subject crops to important environmental stress that for some varieties leads to high production losses. Therefore, selection of species and varieties more versatile and adaptable to different environmental conditions can be important. However, the characteristics of some cereals are not completely known, this is a priority before to improve their cultivation. The aim of this study is to characterize select species of potential suitable for local environmental conditions, nutritional value.
Optimization of Parametric Equalizer Filters in In-Vehicle Audio Systems with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Başay Volkan , Coşkun Oğuzhan , Yılmaz Güneş
Published: June 2024

This study aims to automate the optimization of a Full-Range speaker in an SUV's audio system according to the equal loudness contours principle. The input signal, and frequency responses of the amplifier and speaker were transferred to Matlab. Using ideal filter parameters, ten parametric equalizer models were created, and the speaker output was obtained using the convolution technique. The same filter settings were applied to the vehicle multimedia system, and experimental results were obtained. The simulation and experimental results were compared, showing high similarity with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.9295 and an RMSE of 2.29. Results were compared with the ideal contour. The Pearson correlation coefficients for simulation and experimental results were 0.6341 and 0.6715, with RMSE values of 4.88 and 2.57, showing low similarity. Consequently, each parametric equalizer filter's parameters were optimized using a genetic algorithm. The optimized parameters were applied to the vehicle multimedia system, and results were compared with the ideal contour. The Pearson correlation coefficients for simulation and experimental results were 0.965 and 0.9661, with RMSE values of 2.12 and 1.48. These results indicate that optimization aligns the speaker output closer to the ideal contour, enhancing in-vehicle audio system performance and increasing user satisfaction.
Interaction of Vasopressin with Hormones of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Significance for Therapeutic Strategies in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Szczepańska-Sadowska Ewa Krystyna , Czarzasta Katarzyna , Bogacki-Rychlik Wiktor , Kowara Michał
Published: June 2024

Abstract A multiple number of studies provide evidence that vasopressin (AVP) and steroid hormones are frequently secreted together and closely cooperate in the regulation of blood pressure, metabolism, water-electrolyte balance, and behavior, securing thereby survival and comfort of life. Vasopressin interacts with hormones of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) at several levels through regulation of release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH, and multiple steroid hormones, as well as through interactions with steroids in the target organs. The interactions are facilitated by positive and negative feedbacks occurring between specific components of the HPA axis with engagement of other regulatory molecules. Altogether AVP and HPA cooperate closely as a coordinated functional AVP-HPA system. It has been shown that cooperation between AVP and steroid hormones may be affected by the cellular stress combined with hypoxia, and by metabolic, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders, neurogenic stress and inflammation. Growing evidence indicates that central and peripheral interactions of AVP and steroid hormones are reprogrammed in cardiovascular diseases and that the rearrangements play either beneficial or harmful effects. The present review highlights specific mechanisms of interactions of AVP and steroids at cellular and systemic levels and analyses consequences of inappropriate cooperation between various components of the AVP-HPA system for the regulation of the cardiovascular system and energy balance in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Gen Zs’ Willingness to Adopt Plant-Based Diets: Empirical Evidence from Greece, India and UK
Authors: Raptou Elena , Tsiami Amalia , Negro Giulia , Ghuriani Veena , Baweja Pooja , Smaoui Slim , Varzakas Theodoros
Published: June 2024

Comprising the largest population cohort on this planet, Gen Z presents a future-oriented consumer segment driven by climate change and food. This study sought to investigate Gen Zs’ perceptions to-ward plant-based foods and diets, and explore the relationship between attitude components, meal preparation involvement, personal and lifestyle factors, and perceived barriers in adopting a plant-based diet with willingness to adopt green-eating practices. Using cross-sectional data from uni-versity students in Greece, India and UK, various tools were employed to determine the factors influ-encing youths’ consumer behavior toward animal-protein substitutes. PCA indicated the underlying dimensions of students’ viewpoints on plant-based foods, whereas hierarchical and k-means clustering provided the cluster structure. An ordered probit model was estimated to delineate Gen Zs’ willingness to adopt plant-based diets and distinguish among mostly unwilling, somewhat willing and mostly willing youths. Our findings identified two consumer segments, namely proponents and opponents toward plant-based foods and diets, with statistically significant differences in the perceived health benefits of plant-based diets, attachment to animal-based proteins, perceived exclusion of ani-mal-based foods, dissatisfaction with plant-based foods attributes and demand for ensuring adequate protein intake. The ordered probit model estimates showed that there is a rather «homogeneity» in the factors influencing youths’ intention to adopt plant-based diets, with attitude components, meal prep-aration indicators, perceived barriers to eating “green” and personal factors, viz. self-assessed knowledge on healthy eating and physical activity, being strongly associated with students’ willingness to switch to plant-based diets in all three countries. Mapping potential obstacles and enablers in terms of shifting to more green-eating behaviors, our findings could add information to better understand the factors affecting food choice and youths’ transition to a more sustainable lifestyle.
Quality Characterization of Honeys from Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Tkáč Matej , Abdullah Fouad Ali Abdullah , Vorlová Lenka , Bartáková Klára , Bursová Šárka
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to research the quality parameters of honeys directly from Iraqi Kurdistan beekeepers and to compare with European Union law and Central European honeys. In total 30 honey samples directly from Kurdish, Czech and Slovak beekeepers were collected from the year of production 2018. The analyzed physicochemical parameters and bioactive compounds (moisture content, electrical conductivity, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, pH, free acidity, total phenolic content, color, color intensity) varied depending on the botanical and geographical origin of honeys. Comparing Kurdistan honeys with a directive relating to honey, only two honey samples had diastase activity lower than limit and one sample had free acidity value at the legislative limit. Based on the results, it was found that the properties of Kurdistan honeys were very similar to the properties of Czech and Slovak honeys, as indicated by the detected statistically non-significant differences (p > 0.05) between the moisture content, electrical conductivity, diastase activity and color. On the contrary, the most significant differences (p < 0.01) were detected in hydroxymethylfurfural content, total phenolic content, and color intensity. Our results indicated the specific properties and the uniqueness of honeys from Iraqi Kurdistan and pointed to the possibility of trading this honey in Europe.
Attachment Styles and Hypersexuality in Mexican Emerging Adults: Assessing the Influence on Couple and Sexual Satisfaction
Authors: Mejía-Cruz Diana , Avila-Chauvet Laurent , Villalobos-Gallegos Luis
Published: June 2024

This study delves into the complex interplay among attachment styles, hypersexuality, and sexual and couple satisfaction in emerging adults within the Mexican population. Despite established correlations between anxious and avoidant attachment styles and emotion dysregulation and hypersexuality, the roles of sexual and couple satisfaction in this context have remained relatively unexplored. This study aims to fill this gap by examining how these variables interact and contribute to psychological distress and sexual risk behaviors. Data analysis on 214 emerging adults, utilizing the Experiences in Close Relationships scale, Couple Satisfaction Index, Sexual Satisfaction Scale, SCL-90, and SAST-R, revealed a significant association between risky sexual behaviors—such as a higher number of sexual partners, drug and alcohol use during sexual activity, and lack of sexual protection—and heightened levels of hypersexuality. Notably, individuals with hypersexual tendencies reported diminished levels of sexual satisfaction but elevated levels of couple satisfaction. Avoidant attachment emerged as the attachment style most strongly correlated with early sexual experiences. Moreover, the abbreviated versions of the Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI-4) and the Experiences in Close Relationships scale (ECR-8) exhibited commendable psychometric properties, enhancing their applicability for research and clinical purposes. This research furnishes valuable insights into the complex dynamics among attachment styles, hypersexuality, and couple and sexual satisfaction, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to foster healthier sexual and relationship behaviors among emerging adults.
Synthesis and Investigation of Biological Activity of a Number of New Betulonic Acid Derivatives Containing 1,2,3-Triazole Fragments
Authors: Jalmakhanbetova Roza Ilemissovna , Mukusheva Gulim Kenesbekovna , Abdugalimov Alisher Sheriyazdanovich , Dehaen Wim , Anthonissen Stijn , Suleimen Yerlan Melsuly , Seidakhmetova Roza Battalova
Published: June 2024

A number of chemical modifications were carried out in order to synthesize new compounds based on the triterpenoid betulonic acid. Triazolation reactions were carried out for the synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazole derivatives based on betulonic acid. Chemical changes were made on the carbonyl group at the C-3 position of the initial molecule and on the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups at the C-28 position. Chromatographic methods were used to separate and purify the formed products. Spectroscopic (NMR-, mass-) methods were used to establish the structure of synthesized compounds. As a result of the chemical transformations carried out, a number of new derivatives of betulonic acid were obtained. All synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. As a result, compounds with pronounced antimicrobial activity were identified.
Same Organ, Two Cancers: Complete Analysis of Renal Cell Carcinomas and Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas
Authors: Vamesu Sorin , Ursica Oana Andreea , Milea Serban Eduard , Deacu Mariana , Aşchie Mariana , Mitroi Anca Florentina , Felix Voinea , Pundiche Mihaela Butcaru , Orasanu Cristian Ionut , Voda Raluca Ioana
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Renal cell carcinomas and upper tract urothelial carcinomas are types of malignancies that originate in the kidneys. Each of these examples shows an increasing trend in the frequency and the mortality rate. This study aims to comprehensively define carcinomas by analysing clinical, paraclinical, and histological aspects to predict aggressiveness and mortality. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective investigation on a group of patients suspected with kidney cancers. Results: We identified 188 cases. We observed a higher mortality rate and older age in individuals with urothelial carcinomas. Anemia, acute kidney injury, hematuria and perineural invasion were the main risk factors that predicted their mortality. Tumour size in renal cell carcinomas correlates with the presence of necrosis and sarcomatoid areas. Factors that indicate a higher rate of death are older age, exceeding of the renal capsule, the lesion that includes the entire kidney, lymphovascular invasion, acute kidney injury, and anemia. Conclusions: Even if they originate at the renal level, and the clinical-paraclinical picture is similar, the histopathological characteristics make the difference. In addition, to these are added the previously mentioned common parameters that can represent important prognostic factors. In conclusion, the characteristics commonly identified in one type of cancer may act as risk factors for the other tumor. The detected data include threshold values and risk factors, making a significant contribution to the existing literature.
Challenges and Solutions: Total Knee Replacement in Patients with Chronic Lymphatic Filariasis
Authors: C Arunkumar , Raju Aebel , Meleppuram Jimmy Joseph , Nair Ayyappan V , Mundakkal Arun , Thankappan Ajayakumar , Khan Prince Shanavas
Published: June 2024

Case:

A 59-year-old woman with a history of left knee pain exacerbated by lymphatic filariasis underwent successful total knee replacement (TKR) for advanced osteoarthritis. Postoperatively, diligent adherence to compression bandaging, physiotherapy, and lymphatic flow promotion resulted in no lymphedema progression. During the 5-year follow-up, the patient showed improved Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and stable implant.

Conclusions:

Currently, there are no established protocols or formulated guidelines for TKR in patients with chronic filariasis. The preoperative lymphedema prevention must be tailor-made for each patient in the context of advanced osteoarthritis based on the functional lymphatic vessel status.
Orthobiologics and the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bishop Aaron , Rizzolo Denise
Published: June 2024

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) has a detrimental effect on millions of patients in the United States. Although many clinicians are familiar with multiple treatments for knee arthritis, orthobiologics are not frequently part of the conversation for the treatment of knee OA. Orthobiologics involves the usage of natural substances to treat musculoskeletal conditions including knee OA.
Hydrogen Geostorage in Organic-Rich Shales: Critical Insights Into the Role of Cushion Gas in Hydrogen Accumulation within Organic Nanoporous Systems
Authors: Alafnan Saad
Published: June 2024

Depleted shale formations have the potential for hydrogen geostorage. The storage mechanisms, however, are complex and influenced by several factors including mineralogy, pore size distribution, residual hydrocarbons in place, and the choice of cushion gas. This study aims to investigate hydrogen distribution within this multiscale pore system, with a focus on understanding how hydrogen accumulates in the organic nanoporous network. Such insights are critical for the long-term storage and recovery assessments. Using molecular simulations, representative organic matter comprising nanoporous kerogen and nanopores of different sizes was constructed. Hydrogen intake of the organic system in the presence of residual amount of natural gas was quantified, considering multiple hydrogen injection scenarios. Despite stronger chemical affinity toward natural gas, hydrogen accumulated in all pore sizes, even the smallest, potentially beneficial for long-term storage but hindering rapid recovery. Moreover, the study was extended to investigate the role of cushion gas in the accumulation of hydrogen in organic structures. It was found that introducing cushion gases, such as methane and carbon dioxide, reduces hydrogen intake in the nanopores, with carbon dioxide being the most effective due to its stronger attraction to kerogen. Nitrogen, on the other hand, had relatively lower impact. The results were consistent with the observed trends in the analysis of the nonbonding energy of all systems. The results reported in this study provide critical insights into the factors influencing hydrogen accumulation in the organic constituents of shale formations for an optimized design of hydrogen geostorage in depleted shale gas reservoirs.
Glyphosate contamination in European rivers not from herbicide application?
Authors: Schwientek Marc , Rügner Hermann , Haderlein Stefan , Schulz Wolfgang , Wimmer Benedikt , Engelbart Lisa , Bieger Sarah , Huhn Carolin
Published: June 2024

The most widely used herbicide glyphosate contaminates surface waters around the globe. Both agriculture and urban applications are discussed as sources for glyphosate. To better delineate these sources, we investigated long-term time series of concentrations of glyphosate and its main transformation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in a large meta-analysis of about 100 sites in the USA and Europe. The U.S. data reveal pulses of glyphosate and AMPA when the discharge of the river is high, likely indicating mobilization by rain after herbicide application. In contrast, European concentration patterns of glyphosate and AMPA show a typical cyclic-seasonal component in their concentration patterns, correlating with patterns of wastewater markers such as pharmaceuticals, which is consistent with the frequent detection of these compounds in wastewater treatment plants. Our large meta-analysis clearly shows that for decades, municipal wastewater was a very important source of glyphosate has been municipal wastewater. In addition, European river water data show rather high and constant basic mass fluxes of glyphosate all over the year, not expected from herbicide application. From our meta-analysis, we define criteria for a source of glyphosate, which was hidden so far. Details from the meta-analysis and the knowledge that AMPA is a known transformation product of aminopolyphohsphonates let us hypothesize that also these antiscalants are an important source for glyphosate in Europe, where these compounds are used in detergents.
First Bioarchaeological Evidence of the Familial Practice of Embalming of Infant and Adult Relatives in Early Modern France
Authors: Partiot Caroline , Bessou Maryelle , Kacki Sacha , Penet Maxime , Sachau-Carcel Géraldine , Castex Dominique
Published: June 2024

While medieval embalming practices in Western Europe are attested historically and bioarcheologically, especially for famous historical figures, there are few recorded occurrences of this type of corpse preparation for a large number of archaeological individuals from the same lineage. Moreover, evidence of such practices mainly concerns adult individuals, whereas traces of child embalming are extremely rare. In 2017, the discovery of a crypt in the chapel of the Château des Milandes (Castelnaud-la-Chapelle, Dordogne, France) revealed a collective burial of the scattered remains of seven adults and five children of the aristocratic Caumont family, who died in the 16th and 17th centuries and whose skeletons all show stigmata from embalming practices. In 2021, another excavation in the chapel uncovered the individual grave of an elderly woman whose body was also embalmed. This skeletal sample provides a unique opportunity to examine the modus operandi of medieval embalming through the stigmata left on the cranium and appendicular skeleton and to compare mortuary protocols for adults and children. Our macroscopic and microscopic investigations revealed a thorough and highly stereotyped technical treatment that was similar for both adult and very young immature individuals and displays a skillset that was passed down locally over two centuries.
Psychometric evaluation of the Dari version of the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) in Afghanistan
Authors: Neyazi Ahmad , Rahimi Bilal Ahmad , Sifat Sifatullah , Razaqi Nosaibah , Amirzada Esa , Afzali Habibah , Neyazi Mehrab , Mohammadi Abdul Qadim
Published: June 2024

Background
General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) is a self-administered questionnaire for identifying non-psychotic and minor psychiatric disorders. It has been translated and used in different populations around the world. Main objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of Dari version of GHQ-28 among adult Afghan population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted between June and September 2023 among 1146 adults from diverse regions of Afghanistan. Internal Consistency Reliability was gauged through Cronbach’s Alpha. To assess the convergent validity of GHQ-28 subscales, Pearson correlation analyses were conducted, comparing the results with those obtained from the DASS-21 and CES-D 20. For validation, confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the goodness-of-fit of the four construct models of GHQ-28 within the Afghan population.
Results
Among the 1146 study participants, majority (72.6%) were females with mean age of 30.2 years while 68.3% with experience of traumatic event in the past month. In this study, overall reliability of the Dari version of GHQ-28 using Cronbach’s alpha was 93.8%, which indicates an excellent internal consistency. For finding validity or goodness-of-fit, CFA was used in this study. The comprehensive or overall GHQ-28 model showed satisfactory fit, indicated by acceptable values for CFI (0.758), TLI (0.734), and RMSEA (0.109). For Somatic Symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction, and severe depression, the model demonstrated good fit, poor fit, good fit, and reasonably good fit, respectively. The overall GHQ-28 model showed satisfactory fit.
Conclusions
The reliability and validity of the Dari version of the GHQ-28 have been established, with satisfactory fit for overall model. The present findings can serve as a base or open the door for further research on the psychological well-being or distress of the Afghans. GHQ-28 should be further evaluated in different and specific populations. Also, this study reinforces the need to conduct further researches in translating GHQ-28 and then evaluating its validity and reliability in other languages spoken in Afghanistan.
Bone manifestations in patients with Gaucher disease type 1 in southwestern Colombia
Authors: Arturo-Terranova Daniela , Moreno-Giraldo Lina Johanna , Satizabal-Soto Jose Maria
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Gaucher disease (GD1) is caused by the enzymatic deficiency of β-glucocerebrosidase. This leads to accumulation of sphingolipids in organs, such as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Bone involvement is frequent in GD1, causing pain, necrosis and even fractures or growth deficits in children, leading to painful surgeries and progressive decrease in quality of life.
Methodology: A non-experimental retrospective observational study was performed using a database of 30 patients with clinical suspicion and enzymatic and/or molecular confirmation of GD1; the numbers and percentages of occurrence for each sign were determined.
Results: Bone pain was the most common symptom and was reported in 23% of the sample. 13/30 (43%) patients had report of at least one radiograph requested during the study : 6 of them, with some bone alteration, being the most frequent : increases in acetabular coverage with signs of femoroacetabular impingement, decrease in height and morphology and Erlenmeyer deformity; 14/30 (48%) of the patients presented at least one result of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); in the femur MRI of 4 patients there was a decrease in the signal intensity of the bone marrow, both in T1 and T2 sequences, involving various bone areas and changes of infiltrative bone disease; finally in 7/30 (7. 5%) presented at least one bone densitometry result (DEXA): 3 presented low bone mineralization. The patients who present the p. Asn409Ser allele may present more predisposition to bone disease.
Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of early diagnosis, to access timely treatment, to prevent bone complications typical of the disease, improving prognosis, quality of life and morbi-mortality in GD1.
Metabolomics and 13C Labelled Glucose Tracing to Identify Carbon Incorporation into Aberrant Cell Membrane Glycans in Cancer
Authors: Haab Brian , Reyes-Oliveras Alfredo , Sheldon Ryan , Ellis Abigail
Published: June 2024

Cell membrane glycans contribute to immune recognition, signaling, and cellular adhesion and migration, and altered membrane glycosylation is a feature of cancer cells that contributes to cancer progression. The uptake and metabolism of glucose and other nutrients essential for glycan synthesis could underlie altered membrane glycosylation, but the relationship between shifts in nutrient metabolism and the effects on glycans have not been directly examined. To address this possibility, we created a novel method that combines stable isotope tracing with metabolomics to enable direct observations of glucose allocation to nucleotide sugars and cell membrane glycans. We compared the glucose allocation to membrane glycans of two pancreatic cancer cell lines that are genetically identical but have differing energy requirements. The 8988-S cells had higher glucose allocation to membrane glycans and intracellular pathways relating to glycan synthesis, but the 8988-T cells had higher glucose uptake and commitment of glucose to non-glycosylation pathways. The cells lines differed in requirements of glucose for energy production, resulting in differences in glucose bioavailability for glycan synthesis. The workflow demonstrated here enables studies on the effects of metabolic shifts on the commitment of media nutrients to cell-membrane glycans. The results support a flux-based regulation of glucose commitment glycosylation and a mode of metabolic control of cell functions such signaling, immune recognition, and adhesion and migration.
Study of trace organic contaminants (TrOcs) on the leaves of Eugenia uniflora L. from urban and forest-preserved areas
Authors: SANNOMIYA MIRIAM , Greggio Gabriel Sardinho , Santos-Lima Daniélle , Tangerina Marcelo Marucci Pereira , Tahira Luciana Sayuri , Meireles Leonardo Dias , Colombo Renata
Published: June 2024

The organic pollutants promote significant risks to both human health and environmental sustainability. These compounds have seen a dramatic increase in diversity and quantity, infiltrating bodies of water, marine environments, and living organisms. Some factors contribute to pollutant emissions, such as road traffic and industrial activities and it leads to an spatiotemporal variability. Between the organic pollutants, Trace Organic Contaminants (TrOCs), which comprise a diverse range of industrial chemicals, pharmaceutical residues, and pesticides, are also gaining attention for their toxic effects on aquatic organisms and plants. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the occurrence of TrOCs deposited in Eugenia uniflora leaves from urban areas and preserved forests during the four seasons of the year. The identification of emerging trace organic contaminants were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. This analysis allowed us to identify TrOCs and some of them related to endocrine disorders. These TrOCs differed depending on the region and season of the year in which the leaves were collected, and they were present even in plants cultivated in preserved forests.
Functional liquid layer enabled superior-performance of air purification filter
Authors: Yu Jihong , Wang Qifei , Sheng Yuheng , Song Xiaowei , Shang Chao , Li Xiao , Wang Yang
Published: June 2024

The particulate air contaminations, including particulate matters (PMs) and dangerous bioaerosols, cause adverse impact on public and thereby has prompted the development of air filtration systems. Although numerous membrane-based air filters can achieve promising filtration effects, they still suffer from decreased efficiency and short service life due to their instable surface attractive sites (e.g., electrostatic charges) and surface fouling/clogging problems. Here we show a functional liquid-mediated filtration system (LMS) constructed over fibrous matrix to overcome the conventional limitations, achieving an overall optimal filtration performance. The functional liquid layer with high surface tension and adequate liquid viscosity (e.g., glycerol) can strongly attract and adhere the contaminated particles at the interface, and ultimately retain them inside the liquid layer. Significantly, owing to the high stability of the liquid cladding over fiber matrix, the LMS displays an overall long-lasting efficiency and robustness (filtration efficiency reaching over 99% for 3 months usage without resistance increase) and its dust-holding capacity can achieve 100 g·m2 with no change on pressure drop, outperforming most of the commercial facepiece filters. Moreover, the LMS builds a defense line to the spread of respiratory diseases by efficiently filtering tiny-sized dangerous bioaerosols, such as fatal viruses and bacteria, realizing the virus (SARS-CoV-2, BetaCoV) concentration degradation for 3 orders of magnitude. The system is also resistant to the common fouling and clogging issues as the liquid filtering layer can be adjusted and regenerated to maintain its prominent functions. This work paves the way for solving the present air filtration challenges within the membrane-based filtration systems and contributes to the improvement of air purification technologies for environment and healthcare.
Photocatalytic degradation of Methyl Red and Methyl Blue dyes with doped-titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the presence of peroxymonosulfate oxidant
Authors: Ullah Ihsan , Tariq Muhammad , Abdullah Ahmad Zuhairi , Muhammad Mamriz , Khan Jahangeer , Raheem Abdur
Published: June 2024

In this study, nickel and cobalt nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through the simple reduction of nickel and cobalt salts using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. These nanoparticles were then loaded onto the surface of supportive TiO2 particles to prepare and assess single and double metal-doped TiO2 photocatalysts, such as Co@TiO2, Ni@TiO2, and Ni-Co@TiO2, using a simple reduction method. These photocatalysts were utilized for the first time for the removal of MR and MB dyes from aqueous systems. The doping of cobalt and nickel transition metals was employed to decrease the band gap of the titanium dioxide catalyst. The prepared particles underwent analysis via SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and EDX. Several important factors, such as the initial solution pH, the concentration of MR and MB dyes, temperature, and catalyst dosage were investigated. The results revealed that Ni-Co@TiO2 NPs exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency toward MR (approximately 98.5%) and MB (approximately 88.9%) compared to Co@TiO2 and Ni@TiO2 under optimal conditions (i.e., initial solution pH ~ 3, [MR] = 2, [MB] = 1, [PMS] = 1 mM, catalyst dosage ~ 0.2 g/L, and temperature ~ 298 K). The XRD peak at a 38° 2q angle indicates the presence of cobalt, which increases with the concentration of cobalt. Moreover, all reactions occurred in an aqueous medium, and the photocatalysts remained stable during the reaction, allowing for their repeated use. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly and have promising applications in the treatment of organic wastewater.
Novel Therapeutic Strategy Targeting Hspa8 for Ischemic Brain Injury
Authors: Wu Xiaokun , Wu Zongkai , Yan Han , Zu Zhe , Wang Hebo
Published: June 2024

This study extensively investigated immune-inflammatory responses following ischemic brain injury using cutting-edge technologies. By analyzing the changes in T cells, neutrophils, and monocytes in patients' blood and identifying key immune cells in necrotic brain zones, the study uncovered crucial insights into the dynamics of immune cells during brain injury. Moreover, targeting the Hspa8 gene effectively reduced neutrophil infiltration and ROS production, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for alleviating ischemic brain injury. Overall, the study not only provided new theoretical perspectives but also proposed a potential strategy for managing functional decline in ischemic brain injury.
Advanced Design Strategies and Applications for Enhanced Higher-Order Multisegment Denatured Pascal Curve Gears
Authors: Zhao Huacheng , Xu Gaohuan , Li Zengfang
Published: June 2024

The existing Pascal curve gears suffer from limited flexibility in pitch curves and restricted changes in transmission ratios. This has impeded the application in a range of mechanical systems that require more adaptable gear solutions. For this, a design procedure for higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is proposed. This innovative design offers greater flexibility in pitch curves and allows for a broader range of transmission ratios. The transmission mechanism of the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is analyzed and the unified mathematical expression of the families of Pascal curve gear is derived. Based on the proposed higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear, the non-circular gears with free-form pitch curve can be constructed by changing the parameters to achieve the unification of two types of pitch curves. Then the transmission characteristics are discussed. To further validate the design, the visual analysis and design software of the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is compiled based on Visual Basic, and is verified with the example. The novelty Pascal curve gears is applied to drive the differential velocity vane pump. The displacement, instantaneous flow rate, and pulsation rate of the differential velocity vane pump are calculated. The novelty drive mechanism could meet the requirements and have good performance. The application shows that the higher-order multisegment denatured Pascal curve gear is feasible in practice.
Prevalence, Spatial distribution, and Risk Factors of Enterobius vermicularis among Children in Kidapawan City, Philippines
Authors: Oñez Zeno , Hinay Alfredo
Published: June 2024

The high prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis is typically associated with sociodemographic characteristics and hygiene practices as risk factors. In this study, a geospatial tool was used to determine the distribution of Enterobius vermicularis across Kidapawan City, Philippines. A cohort of 138 respondents was included, and the prevalence of enterobiasis was determined using the scotch tape method, which is considered the gold standard for Enterobius vermicularis identification. An adopted survey tool was used to identify the associated risk factors and was analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. A geospatial mapping tool was used to visualize the distribution of enterobiasis among children. The results showed a 15.21% prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection in the rural area of Kidapawan City, Philippines. The results also showed that age (p = 0.000), mother’s educational level(p = 0.009), handwashing after toileting (p = 0.001) and before eating (p = 0.006), bathing without assistance (p = 0.002), and sharing a bed (p = 0.001) were all significant risk factors that may contribute to the prevalence of enterobiasis. The study provides the need for comprehensive public health interventions targeting both individual hygiene practices and socioeconomic factors to effectively control and prevent the spread of E. vermicularis infection within the community.
Assessment of Lifestyle Factors, Stress Levels, and Quality of Life among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mahajan Anu , Muley Arti
Published: June 2024

Background
India is deemed the “Diabetes Capital,” with over 100 million people suffering from this deadly disease. The disease is a lifestyle disorder and significantly impacts the quality of life. Thus, the study assesses the lifestyle factors and quality of life among people suffering from Type 2 Diabetes.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 T2DM participants aged 18–65. Data were collected from Diabetic Clinics across Pune City using the Modified Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire, having seven domains with 17 questions. PSS and IPAQ Questionnaire were used to assess the Stress and Physical Activity.
Results
60% of the participants were males with a mean age of 43.30 ± 10.89 years. The mean age of women was 50.17 ± 10.13 years. The mean HbA1c of males and females was 7.98 ± 1.41 and 7.83 ± 1.25, respectively. 83% have moderate stress, while 11% have low stress. Only 11% were found to be physically active. The average QoL score of the participants was 63.4 ± 11.2, non-significantly higher in males than in females (64.9 ± 11.03 vs 61.0 ± 11.22). Domain assessment of QoL showed statistical significance among general health (p = 0.002) and energy fatigue (p = 0.015), with males having better general health than women, and energy levels were better in females than males. However, no significance was seen between the genders in physical function, emotional well-being, and role limitation. A statistical significance for energy fatigue (p = 0.031) was observed when QoL was assessed across the disease duration.
Conclusion
Due to a sedentary lifestyle and increased stress, the glycemic profile of the participants was uncontrolled, which negatively impacted their quality of life. Thus, a holistic approach to managing diabetes will be more beneficial in improving the quality of life.