bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bounded-Degree Planar Graphs Do Not Have Bounded-Degree Product Structure
Authors: Dujmović Vida , Joret Gwenaël , Micek Piotr , Morin Pat , Wood David
Published: June 2024

Product structure theorems are a collection of recent results that have been used to resolve a number of longstanding open problems on planar graphs and related graph classes. One particularly useful version states that every planar graph $G$ is contained in the strong product of a $3$-tree $H$, a path $P$, and a $3$-cycle $K_3$; written as $G\subseteq H\boxtimes P\boxtimes K_3$. A number of researchers have asked if this theorem can be strengthened so that the maximum degree in $H$ can be bounded by a function of the maximum degree in $G$. We show that no such strengthening is possible. Specifically, we describe an infinite family $\mathcal{G}$ of planar graphs of maximum degree $5$ such that, if an $n$-vertex member $G$ of $\mathcal{G}$ is isomorphic to a subgraph of $H\boxtimes P\boxtimes K_c$ where $P$ is a path and $H$ is a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ and treewidth $t$, then $t\Delta c \ge 2^{\Omega(\sqrt{\log\log n})}$.
A Note on Lenses in Arrangements of Pairwise Intersecting Circles in the Plane
Authors: Pinchasi Rom
Published: June 2024

Let ${\cal{F}}$ be a family of $n$ pairwise intersecting circles in the plane. We show that the number of lenses, that is convex digons, in the arrangement induced by ${\cal{F}}$ is at most $2n-2$. This bound is tight. Furthermore, if no two circles in ${\cal{F}}$ touch, then the geometric graph $G$ on the set of centers of the circles in ${\cal{F}}$ whose edges correspond to the lenses generated by ${\cal{F}}$ does not contain pairs of avoiding edges. That is, $G$ does not contain pairs of edges that are opposite edges in a convex quadrilateral. Such graphs are known to have at most $2n-2$ edges.
Penilaian Sejawat dalam Keterampilan Dasar Mengajar Memberikan Penguatan pada Mata Kuliah Microteaching
Authors: Marlina  , Siti Rahmah  , Fathony Muhammad Hafiz
Published: June 2024

This research aims describe the application of peer assessment in providing reinforcement to the PGSD Microteaching course at at Nahdlatul Ulama University, South Kalimantan, for the academic year 2023-2024. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects in this research were students of Class 6A of the PGSD Study Program at Nahdlatul Ulama University, South Kalimantan, for the academic year 2023-2024. The research instrument used was an observation sheet of reinforcement skills. The results of this research show that the average value of student observations using reinforcement techniques is in the good category. It can be concluded that peer assessment can be used as an alternative to enhance basic teaching skills in Microteaching courses, especially in reinforcement skills.
Pengaruh Penggunaan KIT IPA terhadap Keterampilan Literasi dan Proses Sains Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nasharuddin  , Hajra Yansa  , Miftahul Janna
Published: June 2024

Terjadi kesenjangan kompetensi guru sekolah dasar dalam menggunakan Komponen Instrumen Terpadu (KIT) IPA yang mengakibatkan rendahnya efektivitas penggunaan KIT. Kesenjangan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan mempersiapkan calon guru yang lebih kompeten dan mampu mengintegrasikan KIT IPA secara efektif dalam proses pembelajaran dan memiliki kompetensi literasi dan proses sains, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di masa depan.  Untuk itu, menjawab terbatasnya studi yang meninjau pengaruh kompetensi penggunaan KIT dengan literasi dan proses sains, maka tujuan studi ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan KIT IPA terhadap kemampuan literasi dan proses sains mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. Studi ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain one group pretest-posttest design. Melibatkan 37 mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah percobaan KIT IPA. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji wilcoxon berbantukan software SPSS karena data tidak berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Pengambilan keputusan ditunjukan pada nilai probabiliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai probabiliti data hasil pretest-posttest sebesar 0,000 atau kurang dari 0,05 (0,000<0,05), berarti menolak H0 maka terdapat perbedaan antara nilai pretest dan postest setelah diberikan perlakuan penggunaan KIT IPA pada mahasiswa PGSD. Hal tersebut memberi informasi bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan KIT IPA terhadap kemampuan literasi dan proses sains mahasiswa Unismuh Makassar. Implikasi studi menghasilkan penggunaan KIT IPA dapat menjadi mata kuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa agar meningkatkan kemampuan penggunaan KIT IPA hingga kemampuan merancang KIT sederhana.
Pembelajaran Permainan Lempar Tangkap Bola Kasti dengan Pendekatan Bermain Anak Tuna Wicara di Sekolah Luar Biasa Dharma Asih
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Atiq Ahmad , Vidyanto Fajar , Sahar Afdhilah , Rito Valentinus , Rusandi Rusandi , Jhonmarau Jhonmarau , Rizki Gilang Maulana
Published: June 2024

Pembelajaran Permainan Lempar Tangkap Bola Kasti Dengan Pendekatan Bermain Anak Tuna Wicara Di Sekolah Luar Biasa Dharma Asih masih tergolong perlu perhatian khusus dan masih banyak belum faham serta tidak mampu melakukan passing bawah dengan pola gerak secara betul dan berkelanjutan pada saat pembelajaran lempar tangkap bola dengan adanya peseta didik lebih efektif dan mampu melakukan secara baik guna untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran yang lebih kualitas Metode dan bentuk penelitian yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini mengunakan penelitian tindakan kelas olahraga dari subyek 21 peserta didik pada saat melakukan pembelajaran dimana hasil penelitian yang bisa di klasifikasikan terdiri dari siklus I terdapat peserta didik sudah tuntas berjumlah 15 dengan persentasi 71 % tahap siklus II dan jumlah speserta didik 21 tuntas 100 % permainan bola kasti sangat di sukai dan di sennagi oleh peserta didik saat belajar dengan pendekatan bermain. Dengan adanya pendekatan bermain maka proses pembelajaran akan bewarna dan anak menyukainya apalagi ini di lakukan untuk berkbetuhan khusus di tuna wicara.
Android Automotive OS
Authors: Kulkarni Yogeshwar , Kulkarni Juilee
Published: June 2024

In the evolving landscape of automotive technology, the adoption of Android-based operating systems marks a significant shift towards smarter and more interconnected vehicles. Originally developed for smartphones, Android has been adapted to meet the unique demands of automotive systems, offering enhanced user interfaces and integrated functionalities. This paper explores the development and deployment of Android-based automotive operating systems, evaluating their impact on the automotive industry and their potential to shape future technologies. By analyzing the features, benefits, and challenges associated with Android in automotive contexts, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive examination of this pivotal transformation in automotive technology.
Image Steganography with Blowfish Algorithm
Authors: Agarwal Shivani , Srivastava Ayushi , Gangwar Bhawna , Prajapati Ambuj , Yadav Amisha
Published: June 2024

Steganography is a long-standing method of information concealment. It may be applied in a variety of ways. For example, it can be used to create a message that conceals the existence of a secret message that everyone can read and understand if they find it. To remedy this issue, the message was written in a different coded language that was only understood by the sender and the receiver. The method of sending a message using a coded language is known as cryptography; the process of encoding the message is known as encryption; and the message itself is known as cipher text. One of the numerous unique algorithms used in cryptography is the Blowfish algorithm. The purpose of this study is to present an overview of image steganography, covering its techniques and applications. It also tries to figure out what constitutes a good steganographic algorithm. We are employing the Blowfish method in conjunction with image-based steganography, which conceals information inside images such that, even in the unlikely event that the message is discovered, only the intended receiver can decipher it, in order to strengthen the security of the original message being delivered.
Macrame – A Beautiful Knot Work Art
Authors: . Shehzadi
Published: June 2024

Macramé, an ancient craft dating back centuries, offers a versatile and accessible method of textile creation through the skillful arrangement of knots. This article explores the rich history and contemporary resurgence of macramé, highlighting its role as a timeless form of artistic expression. From its origins in the Arab world to its journey across trade routes into Europe, macramé has evolved into a beloved craft, cherished for its simplicity and infinite creative possibilities. The article delves into common macramé knots and essential tools and materials, showcasing the craft's adaptability and potential for personalization. With a focus on diverse cord varieties and decorative elements, macramé continues to captivate artists and hobbyists alike, blending traditional techniques with modern aesthetics. Finally, the abstract emphasizes macramé's enduring popularity in contemporary art and interior design, making it a cherished craft form celebrated for its handmade charm and timeless appeal.
AI-Driven Bioinformatics for Genomic Sequencing: Explore how AI and Machine Learning Techniques are Revolutionizing the Analysis of Genomic Data, Leading to Breakthroughs in Personalized Medicine and Genetic Engineering
Authors: H Patel Umang , Mathur Riya
Published: June 2024

The discipline of genomic sequencing has seen a revolution in recent years due to the merging of bioinformatics with artificial intelligence and machine learning. This role-playing exercise explores how these cutting-edge computational methods are revolutionizing genomic data processing and paving the way for ground- breaking advances in genetic engineering and personalized medicine. Participants will examine how AI plays a critical role in improving the precision, speed, and effectiveness of genomic analysis. During the event, important AI and ML techniques like deep learning and neural networks will be covered, along with how they are used to forecast illness susceptibility, find genetic markers, and customize treatment regimens. We will also look at AI's role in genetic engineering, particularly developments in CRISPR technology. The paper will cover the technological difficulties, moral dilemmas, and privacy issues related to this integration in addition to highlighting the revolutionary promise of AI-driven bioinformatics. Participants will acquire knowledge about the potential benefits and advancements that artificial intelligence (AI) may offer to the field of genomic science via engaging dialogues and hands-on experiments. Attendees will leave the workshop with a thorough grasp of how AI is affecting genomic sequencing and what it means for biotechnology and healthcare in the future.
Using AI in Academic Libraries: Application and Challenges
Authors: M. Pawar Vishnu
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science that focuses on building systems that can carry out tasks that normally require human intelligence. Learning, reasoning, problem-solving, comprehension of spoken language, perception, and even creativity are some of these tasks. Academic libraries can improve services and operations by using artificial intelligence. However, the implementation of AI in academic libraries has many challenges, such as technical issues, ethical and legal concerns, etc. The article includes the history and definition of artificial intelligence, the importance of AI, methodologies and techniques utilized by AI, areas where artificial intelligence can be used, and challenges in implementing AI in academic libraries.
Centenary Paper:
Cosiendo historias
: Textiles, Texts and Well-Being
Authors: CLARK FIONA
Published: June 2024

This article is an analysis of the ways in which creative assessment in Latin American literature, particularly sewing textiles, led to positive well-being benefits for students during the early stages of the Covid-19 lockdown. Through the lens of research coming out of occupational therapy, health-based arts therapies, and the Conflict Textiles collection, it explores general student feedback and two case studies of the visual and written elements of an assessment submitted in 2020 in a Latin American literature course in Spanish and Portuguese Studies, Queen’s University Belfast, to show the potential eudaimonic well-being effects of creative projects.
Iš popieriaus ir kartono atliekų pagaminto adsorbento panaudojimas kongo raudonajam dažikliui šalinti iš vandens
Authors: Liugė Monika , Paliulis Dainius
Published: June 2024

Tekstilės pramonė – viena iš svarbiausių lengvosios pramonės šakų visoje Europos Sąjungoje. Pagrindinės tekstilės pramonės aplinkosauginės problemos – didelis vandens suvartojimas ir jo užteršimas, naudojamų cheminių medžiagų įvairovė bei didelis energijos poreikis. Svarbu atkreipti dėmesį, jog dažiklių kiekis tekstilės pramonės nuotekose vis dar nėra reglamentuojamas. Pastaruoju metu dideliu savituoju paviršiaus plotu ir nedideliu svoriu pasižymintys adsorbentai, aerogeliai, sulaukė didelio susidomėjimo kaip perspektyvios dažiklius iš užteršto vandens šalinančios medžiagos. Celiuliozės aerogeliai yra nebrangūs, netoksiški. Šio tyrimo metu buvo nustatytas tekstilės pramonėje naudojamo kongo raudonojo dažiklio adsorbcijos efektyvumas naudojant iš popieriaus ir kartono atliekų susintetintą adsorbentą. Bendroji organinės anglies koncentracija buvo pasirinkta kaip kongo raudonojo dažiklio koncentracijos tirpale indikatorius. Tirtos skirtingos sudėties aerogelio kapsulės, celiuliozės kiekis jose skyrėsi nuo 3 % iki 5 %. Aerogelio kapsulėms, kurių sudėtyje buvo 3 % celiuliozės nuo bendros masės, esant 0,1 mg/l dažiklio koncentracijai, pasiektas 74,55 % bendrosios organinės anglies koncentracijos sumažėjimas, esant 1,0 mg/l – 73,68 %, esant 2,0 mg/l – 67,45 %, o esant 5,0 mg/l – 57,98 %. Aerogelio kapsulėms, kurių sudėtyje buvo 5 % celiuliozės nuo bendros masės, esant 0,1 mg/l, pasiektas 80,00 %, esant 1,0 mg/l – 76,04 %, esant 2,0 mg/l – 71,08 %, o esant 5,0 mg/l – 68,02 %.
Broad and Bidirectional Narrow Quasiperiodic Fast-propagating Wave Trains Associated with a Filament-driven Halo Coronal Mass Ejection on 2023 April 21
Authors: Zhou Xinping , Shen Yuandeng , Yan Yihua , Yu Ke , Qu Zhining , Ibrahim Ahmed Ahmed , Tang Zehao , Zhou Chengrui , Tan Song , Qiu Ye , Liang Hongfei
Published: June 2024

This paper presents three distinct wave trains that occurred on 2023 April 21: a broad quasiperiodic fast-propagating (QFP) wave train and bidirectional narrow QFP wave trains. The broad QFP wave train expands outward in a circular wave front, while bidirectional narrow QFP wave trains propagate in the northward and southward directions, respectively. The concurrent presence of the wave trains offers a remarkable opportunity to investigate their respective triggering mechanisms. Measurement shows that the speed of the broad QFP wave train is in the range of 300–1100 km s−1 in different propagating directions. There is a significant difference in the speed of the bidirectional narrow QFP wave trains: the southward propagation achieves 1400 km s−1, while the northward propagation only reaches about 550 km s−1 accompanied by a deceleration of about 1–2 km s−2. Using the wavelet analysis, we find that the periodicity of the propagating wave trains in the southward and northward directions closely matches the quasiperiodic pulsations exhibited by the flares. Based on these results, the narrow QFP wave trains were most likely excited by the intermittent energy release in the accompanying flare. In contrast, the broad QFP wave train had a tight relationship with the erupting filament, probably attributed to the unwinding motion of the erupting filament, or the leakage of the fast sausage wave train inside the filament body.
Dissecting the Crab Nebula with JWST: Pulsar Wind, Dusty Filaments, and Ni/Fe Abundance Constraints on the Explosion Mechanism
Authors: Temim Tea , Laming J. Martin , Kavanagh P. J. , Smith Nathan , Slane Patrick , Blair William P. , De Looze Ilse , Bucciantini Niccolò , Jerkstrand Anders , Gountanis Nicole Marcelina , Sankrit Ravi , Milisavljevic Dan , Rest Armin , Lyutikov Maxim , DePasquale Joseph , Martin Thomas , Drissen Laurent , Raymond John , Fox Ori D. , Modjaz Maryam , Spitkovsky Anatoly , Strolger Louis-Gregory
Published: June 2024

We present JWST observations of the Crab Nebula, the iconic remnant of the historical SN 1054. The observations include NIRCam and MIRI imaging mosaics plus MIRI/MRS spectra that probe two select locations within the ejecta filaments. We derive a high-resolution map of dust emission and show that the grains are concentrated in the innermost, high-density filaments. These dense filaments coincide with multiple synchrotron bays around the periphery of the Crab's pulsar wind nebula (PWN). We measure synchrotron spectral index changes in small-scale features within the PWN’s torus region, including the well-known knot and wisp structures. The index variations are consistent with Doppler boosting of emission from particles with a broken power-law distribution, providing the first direct evidence that the curvature in the particle injection spectrum is tied to the acceleration mechanism at the termination shock. We detect multiple nickel and iron lines in the ejecta filaments and use photoionization models to derive nickel-to-iron abundance ratios that are a factor of 3–8 higher than the solar ratio. We also find that the previously reported order-of-magnitude higher Ni/Fe values from optical data are consistent with the lower values from JWST when we reanalyze the optical emission using updated atomic data and account for local extinction from dust. We discuss the implications of our results for understanding the nature of the explosion that produced the Crab Nebula and conclude that the observational properties are most consistent with a low-mass Fe core-collapse supernova, even though an electron-capture explosion cannot be ruled out.
Otacilia khezu sp. nov., a new troglobitic spider (Araneae, Phrurolithidae) from Guangxi, China
Authors: Lin Yejie , Chen Haifeng , Wang Xihao , Li Shuqiang
Published: June 2024

Only two Otacilia Thorell, 1897 species with troglobitic characteristics have been recorded from Laos and no records of troglobitic Otacilia species from China.

A new troglobitic species is reported from Guangxi, China: Otacilia khezu Lin & Li, sp. nov. (♂♀). Photos and morphological descriptions of the new species are presented; the type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS), Beijing.
LIFE PREDATOR: Prevent, detect, combat the spread of Silurus glanis in south European lakes to protect biodiversity
Authors: De Santis Vanessa , Brignone Stefano , Čech Martin , Eckert Ester M. , Fontaneto Diego , Magalhães Filomena , Martelo Joana , Ribeiro Filipe , Vejřík Lukáš , Volta Pietro
Published: June 2024

The management of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is often hindered by ecological, social and economic factors, resulting in inadequate biodiversity protection and inefficient use of public money. A clear example of such inefficient management in aquatic ecosystems is the European catfish Silurus glanis L. in southern Europe. Native to central Eurasia, S. glanis is an emblematic and controversial freshwater fish, being the subject of extensive and profitable trophy angling in central Europe and of commercial fishing in eastern Europe. Concurrently, in western and southern Europe where it was introduced in the XIX century, S. glanis is considered a problematic invader. The lack of comprehensive information on S. glanis invasive populations has limited effective management, which is critical to successfully control the spread and minimize negative impacts on native ecosystems and species. LIFE PREDATOR, started in September 2022 with a budget of € 2.85 million and a consortium of six partners from three countries, aims at developing a multidisciplinary and transnational approach to control established populations of S. glanis, and prevent further spreading and future introductions in southern European lakes and reservoirs. The project will develop and test an early warning system based on eDNA and citizen science and identify the most effective and selective capture techniques to reduce the abundance of catfish, particularly in Natura 2000 lakes, actively involving anglers and professional fishermen on this. Massive raising awareness campaigns will be conducted targeting anglers but also the general public, and protocols and best practices will be transferred to management authorities. For the long-term sustainability of the project, a South European Management Group will be created. Additionally, in northern Italy, where the catfish invasion is more advanced, a local circular economy will be implemented, involving the increase in fishing pressure by encouraging catfish consumption as food.
Potential distribution of major plant units under climate change scenarios along an aridity gradient in Namibia
Authors: Naftal Leena , De Cauwer Vera , Strohbach Ben J.
Published: June 2024

Objectives: Climate change is expected to have major impacts on plant species distribution worldwide. These changes can affect plant species in three ways: the timing of seasonal activities (phenology), physiology and distribution. This study aims to predict the effect of shifting climatic conditions on the major vegetation units along an aridity gradient through Namibia. Study area: Namibia’s vegetation is characterised by open woodland in the northeast to low open shrubland in the southern part of the country. These differences are a result of increasing aridity from north to south with a rainfall gradient from 100 mm to 600 mm. Namibia is projected to have an increase in annual mean temperature of 2°C by the end of the 21st century. Methods: A vegetation classification was done for 1,986 relevés using cluster analysis, a Multi-Response Permutation Procedure and indicator species analysis. The current distribution of the vegetation classes was modelled with Random Forest. Future projections for the most important climate variables were used to model the potential distribution of the vegetation units in 2080. This modelling approach used two scenarios of Representative Concentration Pathways (4.5 and 8.5) from two Global Climate Models – the IPSL–CM5A–LR and HAdGEM2–ES. Results: The predicted distribution shows a high expansion potential of Eragrostis rigidior­­-Peltophorum africanum mesic thornbush savannas, Combretum africanum-Terminalia sericea broad-leafed savannas and Senegalia mellifera-Dichrostachys cinerea degraded thornbush savannas towards the south under both scenarios. Conclusions: The model indicated the ability to classify and predict vegetation units to future climatic conditions. Half of the vegetation units are expected to undergo significant contraction. Overall, RCP8.5 conditions favour the proliferation of certain vegetation types, particularly Combretum collinum-Terminalia sericea broad-leafed savannas and Senegalia mellifera-Dichrostachys cinerea degraded thornbush savannas, potentially displacing other vegetation types.

Taxonomic reference: Klaassen and Kwembeya (2013) for vascular plants, except Kyalangalilwa et al. (2013) for the genera Senegalia and Vachellia s.l. (Fabaceae).

Abbreviations: CDM = Community Distribution Model; CMIP5 = Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5; EVI = Enhanced Vegetation Index; GCM = General Circulation Model; IV = Indicator Value; ISA = Indicator Species Analysis; MAP = mean annual precipitation; MAT = mean annual temperature; MRPP = Multi-Response Permutation Procedure; NMS = Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling; RF = Random Forest; RCPs = Representative Concentration Pathways; SDM = species distribution model.
Supporting Healthy Nurse-to-Nurse Relationships as Experienced Nurses Transition to New Clinical Specialties
Authors: Chicca Jennifer , Hubbard Hope
Published: June 2024

Nurses interact with a variety of healthcare professionals, including fellow nurses, as part of day-to-day practice. Nurse-to-nurse relationships are an area of concern due to their impact on patient, nurse, and organizational outcomes. Though nursing connections and issues occur across the practice spectrum, there is a focus on newly licensed professionals. However, experienced nurses also struggle with nurse-to-nurse relationship issues as they transition from one clinical specialty to another. There is a lack of literature that addresses transitions for this population. Thus, nurses may be ill-prepared to recognize challenges and support healthy nursing relationships and beneficial work environments. This article discusses challenges faced by experienced nurses and offers strategies to support healthy nurse-to-nurse relationships during the transition to new clinical specialties. Nurses, including formal and informal leaders, peers, and individuals transitioning to new specialties, must assess and acknowledge, make individualized plans, and promote positive spaces to support nursing relationships, work environments, and outcomes.
Scarcity in the Study of Boko Haram in Nigeria: Notes from the Field (2013-2016)
Authors: Dele-Adedeji Ini
Published: June 2024

Since the national and subsequent international spotlight has been put on Boko Haram in 2009, the Nigerian sect has piqued the curiosity of the academic and non-academic worlds. The continuous stream of scholarly, media and general audience writings focusing on Boko Haram is testament to this. The skirmishes between Boko Haram fighters and the Nigerian security forces in north-eastern Nigeria in July 2009, leading to the extra-judicial killing of Mohammed Yusuf, the sect’s leader, proved to be epochal in shaping and changing the history of the movement—turning it from a fringe radical Islamic sect to an insurgent movement. In the years that have since followed, the multiple narratives that have emerged on various topics relating to Boko Haram have attempted to shape public opinion based on the limited data available on the sect’s activities. Drawing upon an analysis of relevant scholarship and fieldwork data, this article argues that the post-July 2009 policy of the Nigerian government and military has engendered an economy of data scarcity on Boko Haram. This scarcity, which has negatively affected the quality of the outputs disseminated on the sect, can only be addressed through the collection, production and use of more primary data from the field. This article draws upon ethnographic data collected during fieldwork in 2013-2015 in northern Nigeria, and north-eastern Nigeria in particular, to make the argument that the absence of a wider stream of ethnographic data on Boko Haram has encouraged the use of derivative data, and in some cases of no data at all. The anthropological sources of data have to be emphasized in order to fill the glaring gaps which the economy of data scarcity is responsible for, thus affecting the study of Boko Haram.
Un itinéraire de recherche du terrain aux archives : Le Cap (Afrique du Sud), fêtes, musiques, ‘identités’, politique
Authors: Martin Denis-Constant
Published: June 2024

De 1992 à 2015, j’ai poursuivi une recherche au Cap, en Afrique du Sud, portant sur les fêtes du Nouvel An, consistant en compétitions de troupes de carnaval (Klopse), de chœurs masculins (Malay Choirs) et de fanfares chrétiennes (Christmas Choirs). Au cours de cette recherche, j’ai enregistré de nombreux entretiens, filmé et photographié les manifestations festives et leurs préparatifs, collecté de la documentation imprimée, tous matériaux qui ont servi à la rédaction de nombreux textes en français et en anglais, qu’un film documentaire et un CD ont complétés. Cet article retrace les conditions dans lesquelles j’ai effectué cette recherche au long cours. Il souligne le partenariat indispensable avec des acteurs importants de ces fêtes ainsi que ses implications. Il indique enfin comment la documentation a été collectée puis déposée aux archives d’un centre de documentation musicale en Afrique du Sud.
Traces of Solidarity in Liberation Training Sites in Angola
Authors: Pearce Justin
Published: June 2024

From the mid-1970s until the late 1980s, Angola hosted guerrillas fighting for the liberation of other southern African states, as well as Cuban and Soviet military advisors and civilian professionals. As the study of Cold War era liberation struggles has developed from nation-centred narratives towards both global and local perspectives, the international encounters that took place in the ambit of these struggles have attracted attention from several historians. In particular, the military training camps have come to be seen as an environment that nurtured specific kinds of social and political relationships, although little physical evidence of these camps remains. This article is based on photographs taken at Camalundu and Caculama, two sites in the Angolan Malanje province where the remains of camps are still visible. At Camalundu, Portuguese colonial architecture points to the original function of the site, while slogans painted in English and Spanish, variously referencing South African history and global revolutionary movements, bear witness to the presence of Cubans and South Africans, and provide evidence of how they saw their own role within the international politics of the day. At Caculama the secluded and defensive nature of the site and its installations provides evidence of the South African role in relation to Angolan strategic thinking. The photographs complement the existing memoirs and oral testimony about the politics of exile and about life in the camps, providing diverse evidence about the presence of liberation fighters and their relationships with the wider world. They also enable the preservation of a visual and tangible historical record which, in the absence of preservation measures, is in danger of decay beyond recognition.
Désiré est revenu
Authors: Cros Michèle
Published: June 2024

Cet article constitue une mise en abyme mémorielle. Pour rendre hommage à Suzanne Lallemand et tout particulièrement à son fameux « bébé ancêtre Mossi », il est rendu compte du retour en ce monde de feu Désiré Tiatouré Pooda : « mon » propre père d’adoption en pays lobi au Burkina Faso. Désiré est revenu sous les traits d’un jeune enfant que l’on appelle Grand-père. Sa mère, Prudence, la fille aînée de la cinquième épouse de Désiré, raconte son avènement. Et, d’explications en riches commentaires – prenant même la forme d’une mini-bande dessinée –, bien d’autres de nos frères et sœurs du Lobi se révèlent également être des ancêtres… On le sait, même dans un échange d’aujourd’hui sur WhatsApp, « les morts ne sont pas morts ».
Le fil d’Ariane. Le « petit sujet » en est-il toujours un ?
Authors: Pourchez Laurence
Published: June 2024

Revisitant diverses recherches menées sur la grossesse, la naissance et la petite enfance en contexte réunionnais depuis le début des années 1990, il s’agit, dans cet article, de reconsidérer les apports de Suzanne Lallemand à l’anthropologie de l’enfance d’une part, à l’anthropologie des mondes contemporains d’autre part.
Digital: a love story, de Christine Love ; Intelligence Artificielle et cœur humain à l’épreuve de la littérature numérique
Authors: Mayer Ariane
Published: June 2024

Cet article explore l’imaginaire de la romance entre un humain et une intelligence artificielle à travers un exemple original, emprunté à la littérature nativement numérique. Dans sa nouvelle interactive de 2010, Digital, a love story, l’autrice canadienne Christine Love invente une intrigue amoureuse mêlée d’une enquête policière dans les labyrinthes du cyberespace dont l’un des protagonistes, *Emilia, est une IA qui apparaît puis disparaît mystérieusement sur les BBS, ces Bulletin Board Systems qui ont précédé les forums et autres espaces de messagerie tout au long des années 1980. Notre objectif est d’analyser de quelle manière Christine Love revisite le motif très codifié de l’amour homme-machine à l’aune des spécificités de son médium d’écriture. En effet, tout en s’inscrivant dans un dense réseau intertextuel truffé de clins d’œil à l’œuvre de William Gibson et au rétrogaming, Digital, a love story propose une réinterprétation très contemporaine de ce topos narratif grâce à son interface interactive et immersive, sa mise en avant d’un féminisme cyberpunk et le trouble qu’elle jette sur le genre de la protagoniste *Emilia, ouvrant la voie à une lecture queer de la romance avec une IA.
Écologie cybernétique : le retour de l’utopie ou une alternative possible ?
Authors: Neophytou Ioanna
Published: June 2024

L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner les fictions qui entourent l’IA, à travers quelques-unes de leurs représentations utopiques et dystopiques, réalisées dans le champ des arts plastiques. En partant de l’exemple du projet World Brain de Stephan Degoutin et Gwenola Wagon, nous étudierons l’inquiétude exprimée par un certain nombre d’artistes au sujet des conséquences éthiques, philosophiques et politiques de l’application de l’intelligence artificielle à plusieurs aspects de la vie. Par ailleurs, nous utiliserons l’idée de l’écologie cybernétique, introduite par le poète Richard Brautigan, comme une proposition nous permettant de chercher des pratiques alternatives et des expérimentations qui placent la nature, l’humain et l’IA dans une position égalitaire. À travers l’œuvre de l’artiste et écrivain James Bridle, nous allons contextualiser l’IA dans une éthique de respect des intelligences différentes de la nôtre, questionnant ainsi l’anthropocentrisme de la philosophie et de l’histoire occidentales.
Dans les cabines des bains publics
Authors: Richelle Sophie
Published: June 2024

Longtemps laissée de côté, la spatialité de l’histoire refait surface grâce au spatial turn. Dans cet article, les bains publics sont investigués dans la lignée des travaux mettant au centre la spatialité de l’histoire à faire. Spatialisation et matérialité se révèlent des grilles de lecture particulièrement pertinentes pour raconter l’histoire de l’hygiène populaire se déroulant aux bains communaux de quatre villes belges (Anvers, Bruxelles-Ville, Gand et Liège) aux XIXe et XXe siècles. Il apparaît clairement que classes sociales et genre influencent l’expérience des bains publics et à travers eux la mise en jeu des corps dans l’espace public des villes. Les subjectivités individuelles colorent elles aussi les expériences de ces espaces particuliers.
Dois-je aussi me mettre nu ?
Authors: Brun Clément
Published: June 2024

Depuis 2002, il est possible de se baigner dans le port de Copenhague. Plébiscitée par les habitants, la baignade nous donne à voir un rapport nouveau entre eux et la ville, les espaces au bord de l’eau leur permettant de se relâcher et d’exposer leurs corps au soleil, au sol, au vent et à l’altérité. Se baigner dans la ville remplit notamment une fonction d’identifi­cation à une même culture nordique qui s’exprime à travers un rapport à la nudité décomplexé. Ces questions sont l’objet de notre travail de thèse en cours. Dans cet article, nous posons la question épistémologique de mon rapport personnel à l’enquête. À partir de travaux questionnant la subjectivité de l’enquêteur lorsqu’il doit participer à l’activité qu’il étudie, nous interrogeons les biais méthodologiques pouvant naître de la proximité avec son terrain. Qu’en est-il lorsqu’on étudie la baignade urbaine dans un pays étranger ? Est-on obligé de se baigner lorsqu’on a la baignade comme objet d’étude ? En étant observateur de situations où les corps sont dénudés et en participant nous-même à ces expériences d’altérité dénudée, cette enquête pousse-t-elle au voyeurisme ? Cet article se concentre sur les choix méthodologiques pour mener à bien une étude sur les pratiques de baignade urbaine. À partir de ce retour d’expérience, ce travail propose un questionnement personnel sur les effets d’enquête lorsque l’enquêteur est lié avec le terrain par filiation. Nous discuterons de l’importance de la participation aux activités durant l’obser­va­tion, pour permettre la production de données expérientielles utiles à l’enquêteur, mais aussi pour rentrer plus aisément en contact avec les enquêtés dans un terrain situé à l’étranger.
Le sélectionneur avicole, le plus professionnel des amateurs
Authors: Fortunel Frédéric
Published: June 2024

La poule, animal social et territorial, fait son retour dans les jardins de particuliers en ville comme aux champs. Si elle apparaît comme un nouvel animal de compagnie, elle n’a en réalité jamais véritablement quitté les arrière-cours, car attachée aux hommes par une longue histoire de domestication. Cet article s’intéresse plus spécifiquement à une forme d’aviculture amateur qui consiste à sélectionner les volailles. Au travers de ce portrait d’une activité de loisir assez confidentielle, on propose une lecture sociospatiale de la relation humanimale afin de donner une grille de lecture de ce que pourrait être une géographie de la poule. À cette fin, la première partie présente les enjeux historiques liés à la dimension territoriale des races de poule et la seconde analyse les spécificités sociales et spatiales des éleveurs amateurs sélectionneurs actuels.
Factors associated with abdominal obesity and lipid alterations in low-income adults
Authors: Mendonça Cristyane Nathália Gomes , Leal Vanessa Sá , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Oliveira Marcela Claudia de Paula , Correia Júnior Marco Aurélio de Valois , Lira Pedro  Israel Cabral de , Costa Emilia Chagas
Published: June 2024

To evaluate the prevalence of abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia and its associated factors in adults in a low income region. Cross-sectional, population-based study with probabilistic sample representative of a region of the Brazilian Northeast. Abdominal obesity was determined by waist circumference ≥ 80cm for women and ≥ 94cm for men. The classification considered for hypercholesterolemia was cholesterol ≥ 240mgdL-1 and for hypertriglyceridemia, triglycerides ≥ 200mgdL-1. The Poisson regression analysis evaluated the association between abdominal obesity, serum lipid changes and explanatory variables. A number of 260 adults, of the economic level C and D/E (≅96%) were evaluated. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were 71.5, 21.2 and 26.9%, respectively. There was an association between abdominal obesity and female gender, age 50-59 years, overweight, and brown/black race was related as a protection factor. Hypercholesterolemia, was associated with subjects aged 50-59 years and ≥ 60 years, and hypertriglyceridemia was associated with overweight, aged ≥ 40years and smoker individuals. High prevalence of abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were found. From the age of 40 the subjects already had a risk factor for hypertriglyceridemia and 50 years for hypercholesterolemia and abdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity was also associated with overweight female individuals, and the brown/black race was connected to a protective factor. Smoking and overweight were associated with hypertriglyceridemia.
Trajectory and professional practice of the graduates of the residency program in obstetric nursing: qualitative study
Authors: Almeida Denise Comin Silva , Naidon Angela Maria , Martins Fernanda Demutti Pimpão , Medeiros Leandro da Silva de , Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Martelli Gicelle Moraes , Rangel Rosiane Filipin
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to analyze the trajectory and professional practice of graduates of a Residency Program in Obstetric Nursing. It was qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research carried out with twenty-nine members of the residency program in obstetric nursing private in a higher education institution in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected through an online questionnaire from March to July 2021 and interpreted by content analysis. The following categories emerged from the data analysis: Contribution of training to the current scenario of maternal and child health; Difficulties and challenges: the confrontations of training; and from the training received to the expected training. It was revealed that all graduates were female, being few with previous experience when entering the residency program and, after completion, most continued to work in various spaces of maternal and child and obstetric care.
Falls Prevention in Community-dwelling Elderly in Brazil: Strategies and Difficulties in Primary Health Care
Authors: Fonseca Renata Francielle Melo dos Reis , Matumoto Silvia
Published: June 2024

The ageing world population has inspired the current care model to incorporate health promotion. The health of the elderly within primary health care aims to maintain functionality in old age. Thus, the prevention of falls by the elderly ensures health promotion by preventing various damages and health problems. Though, effective preventive action is a complex task that health workers have to face. It aims to highlight the difficulties encountered and describe the strategies used to achieve health promotion in the elderly to prevent falls. This is a qualitative research with Hegelian dialectics based on the methodological approach. The Focus group technique was made with community health agents from a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The Content Thematic Analysis was used to process verbal discourses and retrieve in its entirety factors from data to classify and categorize all aspects of fall prevention. Findings point to difficulties related to the personal beliefs of the elderly, the difficulty of adapting to daily activities, and deficiencies in social support. Among the strategies adopted were multi-professional teams, family and social networks, and longitudinal approaches. The elements and factors described should be incorporated into primary care by health professionals, especially the nurse as a care manager, to encourage protective attitudes, behaviours, and activities with the elderly to maintain healthy ageing. Any related aspect can be partially or totally generalized, in different socioeconomic statuses, because they reflect daily life and potentially explain the incidence of falls under multidimensional issues.
Pediatric oral and dental health knowledge in child development students
Authors: Capan Belen Sirinoglu , Doger Saniye Selin , Gundogan Buse Tansu , Elitez Didem
Published: June 2024

Oral and dental problems can also affect general health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the senior child development undergraduate students' knowledge on pediatric oral and dental health and to examine the changes in their knowledge levels after the training. A 24-item questionnaire was sent to the participating students, in which their demographic characteristics and their knowledge about children's oral health were questioned. Afterwards, 3-hour training was given and the same questionnaire was sent again at the end of the training. One-way Anova and Mann-Whitney-U tests were used to compare quantitative variables. Fortysix students participated in this study. The students' knowledge score was 7.65±1.95 before the training; it was calculated as 9.78±2.06 after training. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The majority of the incorrect answers before the training were given for fluoride toothpaste use (78.3%), tooth brushing start period (60.9%), first permanent tooth eruption time (43.5%), and treatment option of caries in primary teeth(41.3%). A significant decrease was observed in these rates after the training (p < 0.05). Child development students have a moderate knowledge on oral and dental health and their knowledge levels increase with training. In order to raise children with better oral health habits, the undergraduate education of the Child Development Department needs to be rearranged.
Antiretroviral activity from elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) flowers against HIV-2 infection via reverse transcriptase inhibition: a viroinformatics study
Authors: Zainul Rahadian , Kharisma Viol Dhea , Ciuputri Pauline , Ansori Arif Nur Muhammad , Herdiansyah Mochammad Aqilah , Sahadewa Sukma , Durry Fara Disa
Published: June 2024

HIV-2 infection is a unique concern with fewer cases than HIV-1, but it poses a high mortality rate due to its resistance to all HIV-1 antiretroviral treatments. This study focuses on one type of antiretroviral, reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors, as they play an important role in HIV-2 replication. The screening of potential HIV-2 antiretroviral candidates was carried out using compounds from elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) flower extract. There is a lack of research on the antiviral potential of elderberry flower extracts, particularly in HIV-2; therefore, this study is important to explain the molecular mechanism underlying the potential of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) flower extracts to inhibit RT activity in HIV-2 through bioinformatics simulations. This study uses the in silico method, involving sample preparation in the database, drug-like molecular prediction through the server, molecular docking simulation, chemical bond interaction analysis, and three-dimensional structure visualization. Isorhamnetin has the most negative binding affinity of -9.9 kcal/mol compared to other compounds. It interacts with the HIV-2 RT domain at residues Trp4(B), Pro25(B), Asn137(B), Pro133(B), Gln23(B), Pro140(B), Leu21(B), Ile90(A), Thr131(B), Asn57(B), Arg22(B), and Glu89(A) with hydrophobic bond interactions. Hydrogen bond interactions are formed at the positions of Ser134(B), Gly141(B), and Thr88(A). Isorhamnetin from elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) flower extract could be a potential HIV-2 antiretroviral candidate because it has the most negative binding affinity and the formation of hydrophobic hydrogen bond interactions on the RT domain.
Optimal endotracheal cuff pressure in the intensive care setting: A pilot study
Authors: Poral Ananya Shree , Kovammal Shemin , Nalamate Rajarajeswari , Kurien Mary , Thomas Kurien
Published: June 2024

Background:

Endotracheal tube cuff pressure is clinically measured by “minimal occlusion (MOC) and minimal leak (MLK) techniques” by palpating and auscultating the neck for end-inspiratory “elimination” or “allowance” of subtle air leak, respectively. This study was done to determine the validity and reliability of MOC and MLK techniques, manometric endotracheal tube cuff-pressure measurement of 20–30 cm H2O being reference standard.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, observational study was conducted in adult patients requiring positive pressure ventilation in the medical intensive care unit (ICU). Two investigators independently assessed MOC and MLK twice on days 2 and 3 of intubation. ICU registrar, unaware of earlier readings, noted manometric cuff-pressure within 5 min. Inter-observer reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coeffiient (ICC). Validity of measurement was assessed using accepted reference standard of 20–30 cm H2O by manometer.

Results:

Sixty patients between 17 and 82 years, on positive pressure ventilation were evaluated twice, by two investigators resulting in 240 observations. Mean manometric pressures were 15.7 + 2.6 and 12.2 + 2.4 cm H2O using MOC and MLK techniques to maintain adequate ventilation. ICC measured for reliability was high at 0.69 and 0.67 for MOC and MLK techniques. Adequate ventilation was maintained in all patients and 57 of 60 (95%) were discharged alive without significant ventilatory complications.

Conclusions:

Cuff pressures needed to maintain effective positive pressure ventilation was well below the accepted levels of 20–30 cm of H2O in majority patients. MOC and MLK techniques have high reliability. The result of the study has the implications on ICU ventilatory care.