bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transiciones urbanas desde los lugares de memoria. Una reflexión desde la avenida Paulista y la avenida El Dorado
Authors: Ortiz-Daniel Cristian David
Published: November 2024

Este artículo es resultado del trabajo investigativo desarrollado en las ciudades de Bogotá (Colombia) y Sao Paulo (Brasil), por medio de la caracterización de escenarios urbanos representativos: la Avenida El Dorado y la Avenida Paulista respectivamente. Se realizó un comparativo de sus paisajes urbanos desde la relación ciudad-memoria; los campos de las ciencias sociales como la geografía y la memoria aportaron a la interpretación de aquellos lugares urbanos que son testigos del paso de lo tradicional a lo moderno en las urbes actuales. De este modo, se concibe el paisaje urbano como resultado del proceso de construcción espaciotemporal a partir de las huellas del pasado que se plasman en el presente. Así, la Avenida El Dorado fue la base para consolidar el proyecto de nación imperante. Mientras que la Avenida Paulista es el resultado de la consolidación del poderío socioeconómico de las grandes clases económicas, donde el poder adquisitivo, el capital privado y el mercado financiero transformaron las antiguas casonas de los barones del café en complejos inmobiliarios que hacen del paisaje una representación de la modernidad urbana.
ANXA2 Enhances the Malignancy of Gastric Cancer Cells by Remodeling Cytoskeleton
Authors: Yujuan Zhou , Wanlin Che , Xue Bai , Danying Zhang , Wenxuan Zhang , Hongming Fang , Guochao Nie , Yingchun Hou
Published: November 2024

ANXA2 was reported as a multiple tumors relevant gene expressed excessively in many tumors, especially in cancers from the digestion system, and its aberrant expression enhances the malignant properties of cancer cells. We suppose that microstructure heterogeneity is important to maintain the malignancy of cancer cells, and ANXA2 excessive expression enhances the malignancy by remodeling the microstructures of cancer cells. To validate the proposal, we studied the effects of ANXA2 expression on the remodeling of motility-associated microstructures in SGC-7901 cells by a series of morphological display methods. The results showed that the cell motility microstructures, such as pseudopodia/filopodia and microvilli, were weaker and poorer in ANXA2-silenced SGC-7901 cells than in wild type cells, and the malignancy was significantly decreased in ANXA2 silenced SGC-7901 cells. These findings indicate that ANXA2 is necessary to maintain the changed cytoskeleton of cancer cells, especially the highly polymerized cytoskeleton protein, actin, and tubulin, which leads to the alteration of the cell microstructures that are closely correlated with cell motility. Our results indicate that ANXA2 plays an important role in enhancing the malignancy of gastric cancer cells by remodeling the cytoskeleton microstructures of polymerization. In this short article, we will try to shed light on this very important problem helping chronic pain patients to understand the nature of their pain and advising them how to deal with it.
A Protocol to Simultaneously Examine Cardiorespiratory, Cerebrovascular and Neurophysiological Responses Inside a Hypobaric Chamber v1
Authors: A. Hutcheon Evan , Ferguson Sherri , E. Claydon Victoria , Ribary Urs , M. Doesburg Sam
Published: November 2024

We describe a protocol to examine neurophysiological (electroencephalography, EEG), cerebrovascular (ultrasound assessments of middle cerebral artery blood velocity, MCAv) and cardiorespiratory (blood pressure, oxygen saturation, end-tidal gases, respiratory rate) responses inside a hypobaric chamber. This procedure aims to standardize the methodology in experiments conducted within a hypobaric chamber such as comparing normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia. This is important because current understanding of relationships between neurophysiological activity, and cerebrovascular and cardiorespiratory responses under varying environmental conditions remains limited. This procedure combines simultaneous neurophysiological, cardiorespiratory and cerebrovascular evaluations, allowing a comprehensive understanding of electro-neurophysiological activity. Our protocol requires an hour and a half of equipment setup, 1-1.5 hours of participant set-up, and 30 minutes of experimental data collection. Since multiple simultaneous physiological recordings, including EEG in this environment, can be fraught with pitfalls, we also provide practical considerations for experimental design and recording setup. Advanced knowledge of hypobaric chamber operation is required, alongside expertise in EEG and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Following our procedure one will acquire simultaneous recordings of neurophysiological, cerebrovascular and cardiorespiratory data.
Evolution of the theater and renovation of the Samara elevator
Authors: Samogorov Vitaly , Mustafina Suriya
Published: November 2024

The evolution of theatrical spaces from antiquity to the present day is analyzed. The history of the construction of the Samara elevator is described, and the results of a study of the current state of it and the surrounding area are presented. The concept of organizing a vertical theater space in an existing building is revealed. A description is given of the proposal to transform the structural structure of the elevator and the architectural and planning organization of its internal space, taking into account adaptation to a new function - a vertical theater.
Points of contact for small businesses in the historical city
Authors: Belkova Vasilina , Orlov Dmitry , Orlova Natalya
Published: November 2024

The problem of the development of the Samara historical settlement continues to be the focus of attention of the city’s architectural community and a significant part of its residents. The historical environment in this article is considered in the socio-economic and communicative aspect. The spatial and material resources of historical buildings are identified, facilitating contact between the manufacturer and supplier and the consumer. Points of contact are located both in the information field and in direct communication in public spaces. The methodological tools used in the article include developments from the field of marketing.
History lessons. Search for forms of rental housing – experience of the USSR in the era of constructivism
Authors: Vavilova Tatiana , Zhirnyakova Polina
Published: November 2024

In development of the topic raised in IP magazine No. 14 / 2023, the main attention is paid to mass and experimental rental housing designed and/or built in the USSR in the 1920s - early 1930s, as well as its architectural and typological features. The object of the study is the residential environment of the rental (municipal) type, the subject of the study is the factors influencing the typological evolution of housing. The purpose of the study is to systematize, generalize and critically retrospective analyze the domestic experience of economical housing, identifying its forms characteristic of the Soviet era. Based on a content analysis of data published in open sources, it was concluded that mass housing, which had pronounced socially oriented properties and minimal parameters, became one of the key tools for ensuring the stability of society. Despite this, today the architectural and planning structure of this housing does not meet the needs of the population. It is necessary to search for new design principles.
Adaptive practices of working with industrial heritage in a historical settlement
Authors: Vavilonskaya Tatiana , Baklushina Anastasia
Published: November 2024

Examples of industrial heritage located in a historical urban environment that have partially or completely lost their original function are considered. An analysis of world and domestic practices in working with similar objects is carried out, the possibility of their adaptation to use in the conditions of the historical settlement of the city of Samara is assessed. Based on the conducted research, a number of techniques have been identified that make it possible to competently adapt industrial facilities and industrial territories to modern use, while revealing their architectural, construction, historical and cultural potential. The above practices of working with industrial heritage objects can be applied when developing a strategy for the renovation of partially used or lost their original function historical objects of industrial architecture in the historical settlement of Samara and in a number of historical settlements with similar characteristics.
SPACE-TIME ANISOTROPY AND ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KASNER SOLUTION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PARNOVSKY Serge
Published: November 2024

The pattern of motion of test bodies in space-time described by the anisotropic Kasner solution is studied. Distances and velocities are determined by the methods used in astronomical observations. The motion can be described by the anisotropic Hubble parameter, which depends on the position of the object in the sky. The observed anisotropy decreased over time inversely proportional to the age of the universe, falling below any given threshold for all celestial bodies within a sphere of fixed radius.
COMPARISON OF MAGNETIC FIELDS BY SODIUM AND NICKEL LINES MEASURED IN THE AREA OF THE SEISMIC SOURCE OF A POWERFUL SOLAR FLARE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, LOZITSKA Natalia , YAKOVKIN Ivan ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, LOZITSKY Vsevolod ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

The results of measurements of the magnetic field by the D1 and D2 NaI lines, as well as by the NiI 5892.883 line in the area of the seismic source S2/S3 of the powerful solar flare on October 28, 2003 of X17.2/4B class for the moment 11:15 UT are presented. In this flare, the D1 and D2 NaI lines had narrow and intense emission peaks that exceeded the spectral continuum level by a factor of 1.26, and their splitting corresponded to magnetic fields of 860 and 1370 G, respectively (measurement errors within 70-120 G). Since the Lande factors of these lines are 1.33 and 0.75, this ratio of the measured magnetic fields indicates a spatially unresolved structure of the magnetic field in the picture plane with even stronger local magnetic fields. The significant inhomogeneity of the magnetic field in the vertical direction is indicated by the fact that an almost zero magnetic field (80 ± 100 G) was measured by the NiI line. That is, in this case, there is an atypical height distribution of the magnetic field, when the magnetic field at the level of the chromosphere is stronger than at the level of the photosphere. This indicates a local enhancement of the magnetic field in the solar flare region due to specific physical mechanisms different from those operating in sunspots. More accurate values of local magnetic fields in the chromosphere can be found on the basis of simulations, taking into account that the D1 and D2 lines provide a unique opportunity to use the “line ratio” method precisely at this level, while all previous attempts to apply this method only concerned the range of photospheric heights . Estimation by this method of the lower limit of local fields at the level of the chromosphere leads to magnetic fields in the range of 3500-5200 G, that is, several times stronger than according to direct measurements.
60-72 AYLIK ÇOCUKLARIN EBEVEYNLERİNİN TÜKENMİŞLİK DÜZEYLERİ İLE PSİKOLOJİK DAYANIKLILIKLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aktemur Gürler Serap , Duran Yılmaz Ayşe
Published: November 2024

Bu araştırmada okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının ebeveynlerinin tükenmişlik düzeyleri ile psikolojik dayanıklılıkları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma veri toplama yöntemlerinden biri olan ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Adıyaman ilinde ikamet eden ve çocuğu okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden 60-72 aylık çocuğa sahip 217 gönüllü ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veriler “ebeveyn bilgi formu”, “ebeveyn tükenmişlik ölçeği” ve “psikolojik sağlamlık ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi sürecinde öncelikle normallik analizleri yapılarak verilerin analizinde non-parametrik testler kullanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ebeveynlerin ebeveyn tükenmişlik ölçeği ve psikolojik dayanıklılık ölçeği puanları arasında ilişki olduğu; bu ilişki üzerinde ebeveyn ekonomik düzeyi, ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi ve günlük teknoloji kullanım süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ebeveynlerin çocuğun yaşamındaki önemi düşünüldüğünde okul, öğretmen ve rehberlik birimlerinin iş birliği içerisinde olarak çocuğun bakımı ve eğitimi konularında çeşitli eğitim programları düzenlenerek ebeveynlerin desteklenmesi gibi öneriler sunulmuştur.
The Subjectivity of Consciousness as a Possible Theoretical Justification for Psychological Formative Context (FcDоC) in Children with Lowered Level of Consciousness
Authors: Bykova V.I. , Vasilieva I.D. , Lvova E.A. , Fufaeva E.V. , Valiullina S.A.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Currently, the issue of restoring consciousness after severe brain injury is a very acute one. Purpose. To present a new practical psychological technique, based on modern theoretical concepts of consciousness — Formative context in disorders of consciousness (FcDоC), which allows to dynamically change and form mental processes in decreased consciousness in children after severe brain injury. Material and methods. 4 children (aged 5-10 y.o.) with decreased level of consciousness after severe traumatic brain injury were enrolled in the pilot study at early stages of rehabilitation. Each child was shown a video about him/her which was shot a few days earlier. The film was accompanied by psychological comments, and child's reactions were simultaneously video recorded. Results were assessed with quantitative (SCAB) and qualitative techniques (visual observation, video recording). Results. All children demonstrated an emotional response after watching the film; there were marked positive changes in their psychic activity (less latent response time, better emotional and motor reactions). Conclusion. A new technique of psychological work with children in lowered level of consciousness after brain injury, which allows to form and restore child's mental capabilities, has been called «Formative context in disorders of consciousness (FcDоC)». The present study combines theoretical prerequisites of new knowledge on human consciousness formation with true practical experience.
Numerical analysis of deformation under compression of structures based on triply periodic minimal surfaces
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Branch of the Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies, Varygina M. P.
Published: November 2024

Complex porous structures based on triply periodic minimal surfaces with high values of specific physical and mechanical characteristics are increasingly used in many industries. Numerical analysis is of great importance in evaluating the load-carrying capacity and mechanical behavior of such structures. The paper presents the results of finite element analysis of the stress-strained state of structures composed of triply periodic minimal surfaces and affected by compressive loading. The complexity of simulating the response of such structures to mechanical effects lies in the large dimension of the problem due to the need for fine discretization required for an adequate representation of the complex geometry of the model. The stages of constructing facet geometry for the construction of numerical models are shown. The effect of the type and parameters of these structures on their mechanical behavior under compression is exemplified by Schoen IWP surfaces and Schwarz primitives. Stiffness efficiency depending on the structure topology is analyzed.
Mechanical properties of an Fe–Ti–Ni–B–C SHS composite
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pugacheva N. B. , Nokhrina A. V. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senaeva E. I. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Savrai R. A. ,   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The paper studies the structure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of a composite produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with an average chemical composition, wt%: 35.47 ± 1.5 Fe; 24.08 ± 1.4 Ti; 13.99 ± 0.5 Ni; 17.91 ± 0.4 B; 8.54 ± 0.5 C. Testing has revealed that the composite has wear resistance on a level with one of the Hardox 500 wear-resistant steels. The composite is characterized by a wide range of values of transverse bending strength Rbm30 from 200 to 800 MPa. Steel 40X shows a bending strength Rbm30 of 1590 MPa, and the values of this characteristic for the Hardox 500 steel range between 2970 and 3020 MPa. The composite has low impact strength values KCU = 0.02 MJ/m2, compared with KCU = 0.35 MJ/m2 for steel 40X and KCU = 1.59 MJ/m2 for Hardox 500. The Fe–Ni–Ti–C–B SHS composite should not be used for bending parts and those experiencing shock loads; however, it suits perfectly for protecting the surfaces of parts subject to intense abrasive wear.
Analysis of metal microstructure by neural networks, exemplified by segmentation of carbides in composite coatings
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Soboleva N. N.
Published: November 2024

The use of artificial neural networks in metal science to solve image analysis problems, in particular segmentation or classification of metal microstructures, includes 6 main stages: problem definition, dataset collection, model selection, model training, model evaluation, and integration with an existing workflow. The paper discusses these stages in detail, provides an example of their implementation for semantic segmentation of microstructures of composite coatings containing coarse primary carbides. The separation of carbides by a neural network makes it possible to automate the process of determining their volume fraction in the coating structure.
Making a parameter map for the inelastic cyclic deformation of coiled tubing pipes by means of a digital model of test equipment
Authors:   South Ural State University, Poroshin V. B. , Ufimtsev A. N. ,   South Ural State University
Published: November 2024

The accelerated resource testing technique is applied to the digital simulation of bench tests of coiled tubing pipes. Finite element models of the stand and a tube specimen are formed in the Ansys Mechanical package. By calculating the kinetics of the stress-strain state of the specimen, inelastic hysteresis loops for a stabilized cycle are obtained for a number of combinations of operating loads, namely internal pressure, pipeline weight, and the size of the guide device. Status maps are constructed therefrom, relating the parameters of inelastic deformation (alternating plastic flow, ratcheting of strain induced by alternating plastic flow) to loads. The use of the status maps makes possible reasonable planning of real experimental research programs to simulate the required form of coiled tubing failure under operating conditions, and this significantly reduces time, labor, and material costs.
From century to century: 100 years of the Novosibirsk regional clinical venerologic dispensary
Authors: Nikolaeva Irina I. , Aivazian Grachik A. , Krinitsyna Yuliya M.
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the creation of the Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Dermatovenerologic Dispensary, a leading medical and preventive institution of the city, region and all of Siberia.
The article describes the history of the creation of the Novosibirsk veterinary dispensary, created on November 15, 1923, and reflects the main periods of its formation and development, some of the management difficulties encountered and their difficult solutions, and the article also gives an account of the fundamental contribution of each executive step by step in different periods of the history of the dispensary, how the modernization and optimization of treatment in dermatology was carried out, which allowed to solve many medical issues of that period. The modern structure and achievements of the dispensary are also presented, which helps to implement new approaches and technologies in dermatology and creates a strong bond with the scientific community, which is undoubtedly the engine of progress.
Despite all the changes the dispensary went through throughout the years, one thing remains unchanged ― the dispensary provides highly qualified specialized care to the population in the treatment of skin diseases and sexually transmitted diseases.
Janus kinase inhibitor in combination therapy for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Olisova Olga Y. , Kochergin Nikolay G. , Abdulridha Ali Hussein , Myzina Kristina A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic recurrent immunoinflammatory skin disease that develops against the background of a genotypic defect in the skin barrier function and innate and adaptive autoimmunity. Currently, there is no specific therapy for atopic dermatitis, so there remains a need to constantly search for effective pathogenetic approaches to its treatment. Today, the Janus kinase type 1 inhibitor abrocitinib is recommended for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.
AIM: To conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the combination of UVB 311 nm with abrocitinib and UVB 311 nm phototherapy against the background of standard therapy according to indications in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period from 2023 to 2024, the dermatological status and quality of life were assessed in 40 patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis who were prone to frequent relapses. The patients were treated at the clinic for skin and venereal diseases. Depending on the therapy, all patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 20 patients receiving systemic, topical therapy in combination with UVB 311 nm phototherapy and additionally abrocitinib, at an induction dose of 200 mg followed by a dose of 100 mg. The second group included 20 patients who received systemic, local therapy in combination with UVB 311 nm phototherapy. Upon admission to the hospital and after two months of therapy, a comparative assessment of the DLQI index and an assessment of the prevalence and intensity of skin lesions in accordance with the SCORAD and IGA index were performed, an assessment of the level of IgE in the blood were performed
RESULTS: After the course of therapy, the SCORAD index in patients of the first and second groups decreased statistically significantly (p=0.001) by 2.4 times and 1.6 times, respectively. The DLQI index in patients of the first and second groups after the course of therapy significantly (p=0.001) decreased by 3.2 times, 2.1 times, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Our study revealed a more significant effectiveness of therapy with abrocitinib in combination with UVB 311 nm compared with UVB 311 nm monotherapy in patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis.
Darya's disease: rare dermatosis with complicated manifestations
Authors: Novikov Yuri A. , Zubareva Elena Y. , Pravdina Olga V. , Repina Tatyana V. , Ekimov Ilya N.
Published: November 2024

The pathogenesis of the disease is associated with mutations in the ATP2A2 gene of chromosome 12q23-24, which disrupt intracellular calcium metabolism. COVID-19 infection is known to cause a cytokine storm characterized by increased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 6 and 1β. TNF and IL-6 additionally reduce the activity of type 2 calcium ATPase in patients with Darye's disease. The typical clinical picture of rare hereditary dermatosis is characterized by hyperkeratotic papules located in seborrheic zones. Papules tend to fuse to form plaques. The surfaces of the palms and soles are also a frequent localization of the pathological process. Papules may grow into hypertrophic vegetations, damage to nails and oral mucosa, and the addition of secondary bacterial and viral infections. The typical course is of a continuous progressive nature with periods of exacerbation and incomplete remission. Systemic retinoids are the basis of therapy for Darye's disease. In addition, glucocorticosteroids and cyclosporine are systematically used. Local therapy includes keratolytic and antiseptic drugs, emollients.
A case of clinical observation of a 39-year-old patient with Darye's disease is presented. The diagnosis was made based on the analysis of complaints, anamnesis, objective and local status, dermatoscopic picture, laboratory and histological examination. Against the background of ongoing therapy, the patient was discharged with clinical improvement and continues treatment on an outpatient basis.
The clinical observation of this case is of interest to practicing dermatovenerologists.
Anogenital psoriasis: clinical picture and therapy
Authors: Smirnova Irina O. , Khazhomiya Kristina D. , Smirnova Olga N. , Ptashnikova Polina D.
Published: November 2024

Psoriasis presenting with anogenital lesions is an important medical and social problem that is not sufficiently covered in the literature.
The genitals and perianal area are involved in severe plaque and inverse psoriasis. Occasionally, the disease can be localized only in the anogenital zone. Diagnosis of psoriasis with localization on the genitals and/or perianal area is difficult, which is associated with the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the affected area. The manifestations of psoriasis become exudative, infiltration of papules and plaques is expressed little, the borders of rashes lose clarity, peeling on the skin is expressed weakly, in the depth of the folds due to maceration and friction is absent. Subjectively significant localization of the process, its prolonged course, pruritus lead to significant violations of the quality of life of patients and serve as prerequisites for the formation of anxiety-depressive disorders and sexual dysfunction
Diagnosis and treatment of anogenital psoriasis presents significant challenges. Clinical guidelines tend to emphasize external therapy with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors; in recent years, the efficacy of genetically engineered biological agents, including interleukin-17 inhibitors and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, has been considered.
The presented review systematizes information about anogenital psoriasis, peculiarities of its epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and approaches to therapy.
Photogallery. Fungal lesions of skin and nails infections in HIV-associated immunodeficiency
Authors: Prozherin Sergey V.
Published: November 2024

Against the background of any immunodeficiency, including that caused by HIV infection, the risk of developing superficial and invasive fungal diseases increases. Among people living with HIV, the most common fungal skin lesions are candidiasis, rubromycosis, and pityriasis versicolor. As immunosuppression worsens in HIV-positive patients not on antiretroviral therapy, the frequency and severity of mycoses increases. Thus, rubromycosis can spread beyond the feet, covering large areas of skin; sometimes the smooth skin of the hands, large folds, and areas of long hair growth are affected. In this case, the peripheral inflammatory ridge along the edge of the lesions, characteristic of rubromycosis, is sometimes absent.
According to some reports, over half of patients in the secondary disease stage of HIV infection suffer from onychomycosis. The progression of the disease often occurs in a short time. In addition to the nail plates of the feet, the nails on the hands are often affected. In patients with HIV infection who do not receive antiretroviral therapy, difficult-to-treat onychomycosis occurs.
Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic mycosis caused by yeast-like fungi Cryptococcus spp. It usually develops in HIV-positive individuals with a CD4+ T-lymphocyte level of less than 100 cells/μl. Skin lesions are usually secondary and indicate cryptococcal dissemination. Dermatological manifestations of cryptococcosis are varied. These may include papules and nodules surrounded by erythema and prone to ulceration, vesicular, pustular, herpetiform, acne-like rashes, ulcerative-necrotic lesions.
We present to your attention a photogallery of cases of fungal skin lesions that developed against the background of HIV-associated immunosuppression.
Standardization of studies on physical development of children in the Russian Federation
Authors: Popov Valery I. , Milushkina Olga Yu. , Skoblina Natalya A. , Nikolenko Vladimir N.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:The importance of studying the growth and development processes of the child population is due to the significance of the pre-clinical approach aimed at primary disease prevention.
AIM:To provide the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with standards for the physical development of children and adolescents aged 7–17years.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:An analytical study was conducted, big data from the database “Physical Development of Children, Adolescents, and Youth of the Russian Federation in 2000–2021” were analyzed, containing 395,956observations of physical development (length and body weight indicators) of children, adolescents, and young people living in 49constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Priority was given to research in the constituent entities for which regional standards had never been developed or for which they were developed 15–20years or more ago. As a result, at least 2constituent entities were analyzed in each federal district. Big data processing using machine learning was carried out on the basis of the PostgreSQL database. A web application was created that implemented the functions of tabular display of data, construction of histograms with the ability to select parameters and subsequent data publication on the map of the Russian Federation.
RESULTS:In Russia at the beginning of the 21st century, the characteristics of physical development of students living in diffe­rent constituent entities of the Russian Federation were established, which allowed us to talk about the presence of “regional scenarios” that must be taken into account when developing standards. At the age of 15, the range of average values of growth indicators for boys in the constituent entities ranged from 161.70±0.20cm in the Kursk Region to 174.55±0.40cm in the Krasnodar Territory (the difference was 12.85cm, p=0.001), for girls— from 154.60±0.50cm in the Republic of Tyva to 165.69±0.55cm in St.Petersburg (the difference was 11.09cm, p=0.001). The range of body weight of 15-year-old boys in the regions was from 50.17±0.70kg in the Kursk region to 66.00±0.80kg in the Khabarovsk region (difference 15.83kg, p=0.001), girls— from 46.90±0.60kg in the Chelyabinsk region to 58.40±0.70kg in the Khabarovsk region (difference 8.50kg, p=0.001).
CONCLUSION:40regional standards for the physical development of the child population have been developed in a standar­dized manner, which allows taking into account regional characteristics and makes it possible to use them in practical healthcare in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
The role of physical activity in the correction of hemostasis system parameters under the influence of hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Alekseeva Olga V. , Ulitina Oksana M. , Moiseeva Tatyana G.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The combined effects of extreme environmental factors cause disruption of the body's organs and systems, including the hemostasis system. Identification of safe and effective ways to improve the body's adaptive capacity helps to reduce or avoid the effects of stress.
AIM: To evaluate the hemostasis system's response to a single daily exposure to hypobaric hypoxia and the possibility of correcting deviations by preliminary physical activity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment involved 60 sexually mature male rats. The first group (n=24) was the control; the animals of the second group (n=12) were subjected to 2-hour physical activity in the form of walking on a treadmill at a speed of 6–8 m/s for 30 days; the third group of rats (n=12) were subjected to a single daily hypobaric hypoxia by placing the animals in a pressure chamber with an air vacuum of 0.55 kgf/cm2 for 24 hours, which corresponds to an ascent of 6,500 m above sea level; the animals of the fourth group (n=12) were subjected to 2-hour physical activity for 30 days before exposure to daily hypobaric hypoxia. Platelet aggregation activity, plasma hemostasis, and the activity of the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic systems were assessed in all groups using diagnostic test systems from Tekhnologiya-Standart (Russia). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 package. The significance of differences was determined using Student's t-test and the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test.
RESULTS: Exposure to daily hypobaric hypoxia was accompanied by activation of platelet and plasma hemostasis, which was manifested by a decrease in platelet aggregation time (p=0.000), silicone (p=0.006) and prothrombin (p=0.008) time, while the content of antithrombin III decreased (p=0.000) and the time of fibrin lysis increased (p=0.001) compared to the control group of intact animals. Preliminary physical training followed by exposure to hypoxia was accompanied by hypocoagulation with an increase in platelet aggregation time (p=0.000), silicone (p=0.011), kaolin (p=0.000) and prothrombin (p=0.000) time, as well as an increase in the concentration of antithrombin III (p=0.000) and a decrease in the time of fibrin clot lysis (p=0.002) compared to untrained animals after exposure to hypoxia only.
CONCLUSION: A single hypoxic stress is characterized by hypercoagulation at all stages of blood coagulation, inhibition of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of plasma, which are leveled by preliminary physical training.
A Novel Prostate Cancer Prevention Strategy: Prevention and Management of Occult Prostatitis
Authors: Khan Akbar , Andrews Douglas , Khan Humaira
Published: November 2024

Prostate cancer is a significant public health concern. Worldwide incidence data from 2020 indicates approximately 1.4 million new cases diagnosed annually, and mortality data indicates over 375,000 annual deaths. Trends indicate increasing incidence and mortality. Clearly, improved prostate cancer prevention, early detection and treatment are needed. Better primary prostate cancer prevention is the most crucial. Occult infections have been implicated in many different chronic diseases. Due to this relationship between chronic disease and chronic infection, the authors have been promoting advanced screening for chronic occult infections using DNA amplification/detection methods such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for over 5 years. After conducting over 100 PCR-based infection tests in clinic patients, the authors have observed a very strong correlation between patients with known prostate cancer and the presence of pathogens associated with chronic prostatitis. Published literature confirms that the same relationship has also been noted by others.
Research on the effectiveness of stem cells in the treatment of liver diseases using regenerative medicine and its control with AI
Authors: Liao Chien-Hua , Ming Hou , Yuan Jiang , Huang Wen-Feng
Published: November 2024

Research on using regenerative medicine stem cells to treat liver disease and other anti-aging, anti-cancer and prolong life has always been a hot topic in social research on aging chronic diseases. Liver disease is indeed difficult to cure. Once discovered, there is no way to cure it in a short time. The treatment and anti-aging effect of stem cells for liver diseases depend on the detoxification ability of stem cells and their ability to scavenge free radicals. I attach great importance to laboratory preservation management and clinical application, and use AI to control the laboratory to quickly enter new medical fields. The effect of stem cell culture on the activation of dead cells is also used to deal with it. When stem cells are injected into tissue that is damaged or in need of repair, they can be reinfused intravenously to replace functional cells in the damaged tissue. In clinical applications, artificial intelligence AI is used to control various treatment results and achieve excellent control effects. This is the result of this stem cell research center. Stem cell therapy seeks new opportunities by borrowing allogeneic cell raw materials. It can also overcome the problem of autologous cell transplantation. Therefore, this study allows liver disease patients to save a life through stem cell therapy! It is indeed a major breakthrough in medicine that deserves to be cheered and continued to be studied in depth. importance.
Effect of ReNeg-AID peptide overexpression in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells: the noncanonical Notch pathway.
Authors: Patiño Alejandro
Published: November 2024

The Notch pathway (NP) has two general regulatory mechanisms: its canonical pathway and the non-canonical Notch pathway (NP  ). NP  is known as the pathway that acts independently of CSL to activate its target genes which do not belong to the HER, HES and HERP gene family, and has been linked to oncogenic processes and immune cell activation. Here we report the behavior of MDA-MB- 231 cells that maintain high activity of the NP  at the presence of ReNeg-AID a peptide which seems to be provoking both a change in the phenotype of the MDA- MB-231 cells from epithelial cell to non-functional mesenchymal cell, as well as a cell's attempt to regain canonical NP activity. Finally, overexpression of the ReNeg- AID peptide in the MDA-MB-231 cell line promoted a negative regulation of the transcriptional factor CSL, intensifying the NP  activity and causing an oscillation or combination between the activities of the canonical and non-canonical mechanisms of NP due to the activation of Notch-1 and 3 receptors and the repression of Notch-2 and 4. Added to this must be the interactions that exist between NP with other signaling pathways that may also be in a state of deregulation in the cancer microenvironment.
A Novel Supplement Regimen for Healthy Aging: A Case Series
Authors: Keenan Joseph
Published: November 2024

Objective: This case series aims to evaluate a novel supplement regimen for healthy aging in older adults, assess its potential to reduce reliance on prescription drugs like metformin and statins, and inform the design of a larger clinical trial. Background: The convergence of an aging population and increasing prevalence of age-related chronic diseases continues to strain limited healthcare resources and exert financial pressures on healthcare systems and individuals alike. For this reason, cost-effective, readily available solutions are needed more than ever to help reduce the disease burden among older adults. Methods: Participants included 10 men and women, aged 62-91 years, who were given a supplement regimen providing niacin (extended-release tablets), dihydroberberine (sustained-release tablets), taxifolin (sustained-release tablets), and mixed tocotrienols (immediate-release softgels) along with diet instructions. Participants were required to share the study protocol with their personal doctors, and agree to periodic in-person home visits. Blood tests (blood lipid profile, comprehensive metabolic profile, uric acid, homocysteine, and HbA1c) were completed at baseline and repeated at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and quarterly thereafter to monitor benefits and possible adverse side effects, unless abnormal tests warranted closer monitoring. Participants underwent cognitive and well-being assessments at baseline and study completion. Results: Supplement intervention lasted 16 months, on average, resulting in clinically relevant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. All participants with elevated Lp(a) levels at baseline (n=3) experienced reductions by study completion. All seven participants on statin drugs at baseline were able to discontinue use while achieving similar or better lipid outcomes after withdrawal. Only one participant resumed statin use, despite lipid improvements, due to digestive issues. Participants completing the self-reported assessment of well-being (n=10) reported generally stable or positive physical and mental function compared to baseline. Drop-outs were prevented with the successful management of transient side effects. Conclusions: While more research is needed, this case series validates the therapeutic potential of a novel dietary supplement regimen to promote healthy aging in older adults, including treating dyslipidemia, promoting well-being, and reducing prescription drug use, as well as inform the design of a larger clinical trial.
Evaluation of patients diagnosed with thromboembolism in the emergency department before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Alpaslan Mustafa , Baykan Necmi , Oktay Mehmet , Salt Ömer , Koyuncu Serhat , Bol Oğuzhan , Altuntaş Mükerrem
Published: November 2024

Background: A new coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spread rapidly in late 2019 and caused a worldwide pandemic. Due to the pandemic, people are hesitant to go to the hospital and they move much less compared to normal life, which has caused new health problems to emerge. Aims: This study aimed to examine the demographic characteristics of patients who admitted to the emergency department due to thromboembolic events before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in our country, and to investigate the effect of the pandemic on thromboembolic events. As a result, it was aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on thromboembolic events and hospital admissions. Methods: Patients with a thromboembolic event detected between July 01,2019-December 31, 2019 were classified as Group I, and patients with a thromboembolic event detected between July 01,2019- December 31, 2020 were classified as Group II. A total of 859 patients over the age of 18, who had no previous comorbidities, not pregnant, and were hospitalized and treated due to thromboembolic events were included in the study. 447 of these patients were in group I and 412 were in group II. Only 20 (4.9%) of the patients in Group II had a history of previous Covid 19 infection. Results: It was observed that there was no significant difference in the comparison of the number of cases of thromboembolic events seen in Group I and Group II (p = 0.536). When looking at the distribution of diseases by month, a significant difference was detected in 2019 (mostly in October)(p=0.006,Chi Square: 59.844), while there was no significant difference in Group II (p=0.503,Chi square:34.263). Conclusion: From the period after the beginning of the pandemic, we saw that the rate of hospitalization due to thromboembolic event was 4% less than in the same period of the previous year. We think that this may be due to fewer hospital admissions due to the risk of disease transmission during the pandemic period, or the fact that Covid 19 infection does not significantly increase the susceptibility to thrombosi
Mini-Dose Glucagon for Mild and Moderate Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Farkas Hal , Leschek Ellen
Published: November 2024

Tight glycemic control reduces the development and progression of microvascular and macrovascular complications in individuals with type 1 diabetes. However, it is also associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemia, which can deter some individuals from striving to achieve tight glycemic control. For this and other reasons, it is important to optimize the treatment of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. The conventional approach to the management of mild to moderate hypoglycemia is oral carbohydrate ingestion, which can result in significant rebound hyperglycemia and the consumption of excess calories with resulting unwanted weight gain. Studies of the use of subcutaneous mini-dose glucagon for the prevention and treatment of mild to moderate hypoglycemia in a variety of settings have demonstrated that this approach is safe and effective and is less likely to result in significant hyperglycemia and the ingestion of unwanted oral carbohydrate calories.
Manic and depressed mood-swing in age-old literature
Authors: borg Marlies
Published: November 2024

“Himmelhoch jauchzend, zum Tode betrübt” is a well-known phrase associated with bipolar disorder. It fits into this anthology of literary quotes taken from various times and cultures; from the psalms of David, via Seneca and Dante to two 20th century female writers, who both committed suicide. I do not attempt to prove anything or to diagnose persons long dead. This anthology is simply to be read as a set of colourful, emotional illustrations of the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for bipolar disorder. It should be recognisable both for medical doctors and for those suffering from the disorder. These literary phrases can be used in a clinical setting to bridge the language gap between therapists and their patients, giving them a sense of belonging to an eminent family, thus enhancing their self-esteem.
Taste Masking Challenge of 155 Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors: Tisi David , Worthington Jeffrey
Published: November 2024

Regulations in the US and EU require and incentivize the development of palatable, age-appropriate medicines for children. However, the taste masking challenge of new drug actives is generally unknown, making development of palatable drug products extremely difficult. To develop palatable drug products, formulation scientists first need to determine if the drug active is bitter, has an offensive aroma (malodor) or is burning as each perception requires a different formulation approach. This retrospective compilation of results of 155 taste assessment studies reveals diversity in aversive flavor attributes of active ingredients. Bitterness was the primary taste masking challenge for 65% of the drug actives. Aversive aromas (e.g., solvent, fishy, oxidized oil) were the second most common challenge, impacting 8% of drug actives. Approximately 5% had trigeminal irritation, and a smaller subset were sour or salty (4%). None were found to be sweet. Of note, 14% of drug actives were “bland” in flavor, with no measured aversive attributes. Complicating development, most actives (>90%) were found to have multiple aversive flavor attributes. These findings highlight the need to determine the aversive attributes early in clinical development (Phase 1) to guide dosage form selection and formulation design.