bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemifield-Specific Rotational Biases during the Observation of Ambiguous Human Silhouettes
Authors: Lucafò Chiara , Marzoli Daniele , Padulo Caterina , Troiano Stefano , Pelosi Zazzerini Lucia , Malatesta Gianluca , Amodeo Ilaria , Tommasi Luca
Published: July 2021

Both static and dynamic ambiguous stimuli representing human bodies that perform unimanual or unipedal movements are usually interpreted as right-limbed rather than left-limbed, suggesting that human observers attend to the right side of others more than the left one. Moreover, such a bias is stronger when static human silhouettes are presented in the RVF (right visual field) than in the LVF (left visual field), which might represent a particular instance of embodiment. On the other hand, hemispheric-specific rotational biases, combined with the well-known bias to perceive forward-facing figures, could represent a confounding factor when accounting for such findings. Therefore, we investigated whether the lateralized presentation of an ambiguous rotating human body would affect its perceived handedness/footedness (implying a role of motor representations), its perceived spinning direction (implying a role of visual representations), or both. To this aim, we required participants to indicate the perceived spinning direction (which also unveils the perceived handedness/footedness) of ambiguous stimuli depicting humans with an arm or a leg outstretched. Results indicated that the lateralized presentation of the stimuli affected both their perceived limb laterality (a larger number of figures being interpreted as right-limbed in the RVF than in the LVF) and their perceived spinning direction (a larger number of figures being interpreted as spinning clockwise in the LVF than in the RVF). However, the hemifield of presentation showed a larger effect size on the perceived spinning direction than on the perceived limb laterality. Therefore, as we already proposed, the implicit representation of others’ handedness seems to be affected more by visual than by motor processes during the perception of ambiguous human silhouettes.
Spotting Deepfakes and Face Manipulations by Fusing Features from Multi-Stream CNNs Models
Authors: Yavuzkilic Semih , Sengur Abdulkadir , Akhtar Zahid , Siddique Kamran
Published: July 2021

Deepfake is one of the applications that is deemed harmful. Deepfakes are a sort of image or video manipulation in which a person’s image is changed or swapped with that of another person’s face using artificial neural networks. Deepfake manipulations may be done with a variety of techniques and applications. A quintessential countermeasure against deepfake or face manipulation is deepfake detection method. Most of the existing detection methods perform well under symmetric data distributions, but are still not robust to asymmetric datasets variations and novel deepfake/manipulation types. In this paper, for the identification of fake faces in videos, a new multistream deep learning algorithm is developed, where three streams are merged at the feature level using the fusion layer. After the fusion layer, the fully connected, Softmax, and classification layers are used to classify the data. The pre-trained VGG16 model is adopted for transferred CNN1stream. In transfer learning, the weights of the pre-trained CNN model are further used for training the new classification problem. In the second stream (transferred CNN2), the pre-trained VGG19 model is used. Whereas, in the third stream, the pre-trained ResNet18 model is considered. In this paper, a new large-scale dataset (i.e., World Politicians Deepfake Dataset (WPDD)) is introduced to improve deepfake detection systems. The dataset was created by downloading videos of 20 different politicians from YouTube. Over 320,000 frames were retrieved after dividing the downloaded movie into little sections and extracting the frames. Finally, various manipulations were performed to these frames, resulting in seven separate manipulation classes for men and women. In the experiments, three fake face detection scenarios are investigated. First, fake and real face discrimination is studied. Second, seven face manipulations are performed, including age, beard, face swap, glasses, hair color, hairstyle, smiling, and genuine face discrimination. Third, performance of deepfake detection system under novel type of face manipulation is analyzed. The proposed strategy outperforms the prior existing methods. The calculated performance metrics are over 99%.
Group Theory: Mathematical Expression of Symmetry in Physics
Authors: Antoine Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2021

The present article reviews the multiple applications of group theory to the symmetry problems in physics. In classical physics, this concerns primarily relativity: Euclidean, Galilean, and Einsteinian (special). Going over to quantum mechanics, we first note that the basic principles imply that the state space of a quantum system has an intrinsic structure of pre-Hilbert space that one completes into a genuine Hilbert space. In this framework, the description of the invariance under a group G is based on a unitary representation of G. Next, we survey the various domains of application: atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics, signal and image processing, wavelets, internal symmetries, and approximate symmetries. Next, we discuss the extension to gauge theories, in particular, to the Standard Model of fundamental interactions. We conclude with some remarks about recent developments, including the application to braid groups.
Tachyons and Solitons in Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in the Frame of Field Theory
Authors: Contoyiannis Yiannis , Hanias Michael P. , Papadopoulos Pericles , Stavrinides Stavros G. , Kampitakis Myron , Potirakis Stelios M. , Balasis Georgios
Published: July 2021

This paper presents our study of the presence of the unstable critical point in spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in the framework of Ginzburg–Landau (G-L) free energy. Through a 3D Ising spin lattice simulation, we found a zone of hysteresis where the unstable critical point continued to exist, despite the system having entered the broken symmetry phase. Within the hysteresis zone, the presence of the kink–antikink SSB solitons expands and, therefore, these can be observed. In scalar field theories, such as Higgs fields, the mass of this soliton inside the hysteresis zone could behave as a tachyon mass, namely as an imaginary quantity. Due to the fact that groups Ζ(2) and SU(2) belong to the same universality class, one expects that, in future experiments of ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions, in addition to the expected bosons condensations, structures of tachyon fields could appear.
Bacterial Toxins Active against Mosquitoes: Mode of Action and Resistance
Authors: Silva-Filha Maria Helena Neves Lobo , Romão Tatiany Patricia , Rezende Tatiana Maria Teodoro , Carvalho Karine da Silva , Gouveia de Menezes Heverly Suzany , Alexandre do Nascimento Nathaly , Soberón Mario , Bravo Alejandra
Published: July 2021

Larvicides based on the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis (Bti) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus are effective and environmentally safe compounds for the control of dipteran insects of medical importance. They produce crystals that display specific and potent insecticidal activity against larvae. Bti crystals are composed of multiple protoxins: three from the three-domain Cry type family, which bind to different cell receptors in the midgut, and one cytolytic (Cyt1Aa) protoxin that can insert itself into the cell membrane and act as surrogate receptor of the Cry toxins. Together, those toxins display a complex mode of action that shows a low risk of resistance selection. L. sphaericus crystals contain one major binary toxin that display an outstanding persistence in field conditions, which is superior to Bti. However, the action of the Bin toxin based on its interaction with a single receptor is vulnerable for resistance selection in insects. In this review we present the most recent data on the mode of action and synergism of these toxins, resistance issues, and examples of their use worldwide. Data reported in recent years improved our understanding of the mechanism of action of these toxins, showed that their combined use can enhance their activity and counteract resistance, and reinforced their relevance for mosquito control programs in the future years.
Influence of Herbicide Exposure and Ranavirus Infection on Growth and Survival of Juvenile Red-Eared Slider Turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Authors: Goodman Rachel M. , Carter Edward Davis , Miller Debra L.
Published: July 2021

Ranaviruses are an important wildlife pathogen of fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Previous studies have shown that susceptibility and severity of infection can vary with age, host species, virus strain, temperature, population density, and presence of environmental stressors. Experiments are limited with respect to interactions between this pathogen and environmental stressors in reptiles. In this study, we exposed hatchling red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) to herbicide and ranavirus treatments to examine direct effects and interactions on growth, morbidity, and mortality. Turtles were assigned to one of three herbicide treatments or a control group. Turtles were exposed to atrazine, Roundup ProMax®, or Rodeo® via water bath during the first 3 weeks of the experiment. After 1 week, turtles were exposed to either a control (cell culture medium) or ranavirus-infected cell lysate via injection into the pectoral muscles. Necropsies were performed upon death or upon euthanasia after 5 weeks. Tissues were collected for histopathology and detection of ranavirus DNA via quantitative PCR. Only 57.5% of turtles exposed to ranavirus tested positive for ranaviral DNA at the time of death. Turtles exposed to ranavirus died sooner and lost more mass and carapace length, but not plastron length, than did controls. Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of herbicides did not impact infection rate, morbidity, or mortality of hatchling turtles due to ranavirus exposure. We also found no direct effects of herbicide or interactions with ranavirus exposure on growth or survival time. Results of this study should be interpreted in the context of the modest ranavirus infection rate achieved, the general lack of growth, and the unplanned presence of an additional pathogen in our study.
An Outbreak of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Cosmopolitan Genotype in Nepal, 2017
Authors: Ngwe Tun Mya Myat , Pandey Kishor , Nabeshima Takeshi , Kyaw Aung Kyaw , Adhikari Mandira , Raini Sandra Kendra , Inoue Shingo , Dumre Shyam Prakash , Pandey Basu Dev , Morita Kouichi
Published: July 2021

Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases, with half of the world’s population at risk of infection. In Nepal, DENV was first reported in 2004, and its prevalence is increasing every year. The present study aimed to obtain and characterize the full-length genome sequence of DENV from the 2017 outbreak. Hospital-based surveillance was conducted in two provinces of Nepal during the outbreak. Acute-phase serum samples were collected from 141 clinically suspected dengue patients after the rainy season. By serological and molecular techniques, 37 (26.9%) and 49 (34.8%), respectively, were confirmed as dengue patients. The cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2 was isolated from 27 laboratory-confirmed dengue patients. Genomic analysis showed many amino acid substitutions distributed mainly among the E, NS3, and NS5 genes. Phylogenetic analyses of the whole genome sequence revealed two clades (Asian and Indian) among DENV-2 isolates from Nepal. The DENV isolates from hilly and Terai areas were similar to Asian and Indian strains, respectively. Further genomic study on different DENV serotypes is warranted to understand DENV epidemics in Nepal, where there are limited scientific resources and infrastructure.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Dogs and Cats from Southern Germany and Northern Italy during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Klaus Julia , Zini Eric , Hartmann Katrin , Egberink Herman , Kipar Anja , Bergmann Michèle , Palizzotto Carlo , Zhao Shan , Rossi Francesco , Franco Vittoria , Porporato Federico , Hofmann-Lehmann Regina , Meli Marina L.
Published: July 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people globally since its first detection in late 2019. Besides humans, cats and, to some extent, dogs were shown to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, highlighting the need for surveillance in a One Health context. Seven veterinary clinics from regions with high incidences of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were recruited during the early pandemic (March to July 2020) for the screening of patients. A total of 2257 oropharyngeal and nasal swab specimen from 877 dogs and 260 cats (including 18 animals from COVID-19-affected households and 92 animals with signs of respiratory disease) were analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting the viral envelope (E) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes. One oropharyngeal swab from an Italian cat, living in a COVID-19-affected household in Piedmont, tested positive in RT-qPCR (1/260; 0.38%, 95% CI: 0.01–2.1%), and SARS-CoV-2 infection of the animal was serologically confirmed six months later. One oropharyngeal swab from a dog was potentially positive (1/877; 0.1%, 95% CI: 0.002–0.63%), but the result was not confirmed in a reference laboratory. Analyses of convenience sera from 118 animals identified one dog (1/94; 1.1%; 95% CI: 0.02–5.7%) from Lombardy, but no cats (0/24), as positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) antibodies and neutralizing activity. These findings support the hypothesis that the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pet cat and dog populations, and hence, the risk of zoonotic transmission to veterinary staff, was low during the first wave of the pandemic, even in hotspot areas.
Human Coronaviruses: Counteracting the Damage by Storm
Authors: Schoeman Dewald , Fielding Burtram C.
Published: July 2021

Over the past 18 years, three highly pathogenic human (h) coronaviruses (CoVs) have caused severe outbreaks, the most recent causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, being the first to cause a pandemic. Although much progress has been made since the COVID-19 pandemic started, much about SARS-CoV-2 and its disease, COVID-19, is still poorly understood. The highly pathogenic hCoVs differ in some respects, but also share some similarities in clinical presentation, the risk factors associated with severe disease, and the characteristic immunopathology associated with the progression to severe disease. This review aims to highlight these overlapping aspects of the highly pathogenic hCoVs—SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2—briefly discussing the importance of an appropriately regulated immune response; how the immune response to these highly pathogenic hCoVs might be dysregulated through interferon (IFN) inhibition, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); and how these could link to the ensuing cytokine storm. The treatment approaches to highly pathogenic hCoV infections are discussed and it is suggested that a greater focus be placed on T-cell vaccines that elicit a cell-mediated immune response, using rapamycin as a potential agent to improve vaccine responses in the elderly and obese, and the potential of stapled peptides as antiviral agents.
Use of Aloe vera as an Organic Coagulant for Improving Drinking Water Quality
Authors: Benalia Abderrezzaq , Derbal Kerroum , Khalfaoui Amel , Bouchareb Raouf , Panico Antonio , Gisonni Corrado , Crispino Gaetano , Pirozzi Francesco , Pizzi Antonio
Published: July 2021

The coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation process is widely used for removal of suspended solids and water turbidity reduction. The most common coagulants used to conduct this process are aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate. In this paper, the use of Aloe vera as a natural-based coagulant for drinking water treatment was tested. The bio-coagulant was used in two different forms: powder as well as liquid; the latter was extracted with distilled water used as a solvent. The obtained results showed that the use of the natural coagulant (Aloe vera) in both powder (AV-Powder) and liquid (AV-H2O) forms reduced the water turbidity at natural pH by 28.23% and 87.84%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that the use of the two previous forms of bio-coagulant for drinking water treatment had no significant influence on the following three parameters: pH, alkalinity, and hardness. The study of the effect of pH on the process performance using Aloe vera as a bio-coagulant demonstrated that the maximum turbidity removal efficiency accounted for 53.53% and 88.23% using AV-Powder and AV-H2O, respectively, at optimal pH 6.
Analysis of the Flow Pattern and Flow Rectification Measures of the Side-Intake Forebay in a Multi-Unit Pumping Station
Authors: Nasr Ahmed , Yang Fan , Zhang Yiqi , Wang Tieli , Hassan Mahmoud
Published: July 2021

To improve the problem of turbulence in the forebay of the lateral inlet pumping station, a typical lateral inlet pumping station project in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China was taken as the research object. The forebay of the pumping station is a building connecting the river channel and the pumping station into the water tank. Based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) law and the k-ε turbulence model, the computational fluid dynamics method (CFD) technology compares and analyzes the numerical simulation with or without rectification measures for the forebay of the lateral intake pumping station when multiple units are operating. The three-dimensional model was created by SolidWorks modeling software and the numerical simulation simulated by CFX-ANSYS. To alter the flow pattern in the forebay of the pumping station, various rectification measures were chosen. Internal rectification flow patterns in the forebay under multiple plans, uniformity of flow velocity distribution in the measuring section, and vortex area reduction rates are investigated and compared. Based on the analysis and comparison of numerical simulation results, when the parabolic wall and some rectification piers are set significantly it improves the flow pattern of the forebay of the lateral inlet pumping station. It also makes the flow pattern of the inlet pool better and increases the uniformity of the flow velocity distribution by 8%. Further, it reduced the vortex area by 70%, effectively improving the operating efficiency of the pump. The research results of this paper provide a technical reference for the improvement of the flow pattern in the forebay of the lateral inlet pumping station.
Silica Removal from a Paper Mill Effluent by Adsorption on Pseudoboehmite and γ-Al2O3
Authors: Miranda Ruben , Latour Isabel , Blanco Angeles
Published: July 2021

Effluent reuse is a common practice for sustainable industrial water use. Salt removal is usually carried out by a combination of membrane processes with a final reverse osmosis (RO). However, the presence of silica limits the RO efficiency due to its high scaling potential and the difficulty of cleaning the fouled membranes. Silica adsorption has many advantages compared to coagulation and precipitation at high pHs: pH adjustment is not necessary, the conductivity of treated waters is not increased, and there is no sludge generation. Therefore, this study investigates the feasibility of using pseudoboehmite and its calcination product (γ-Al2O3) for silica adsorption from a paper mill effluent. The effect of sorbent dosage, pH, and temperature, including both equilibrium and kinetics studies, were studied. γ-Al2O3 was clearly more efficient than pseudoboehmite, with optimal dosages around 2.5–5 g/L vs. 7.5–15 g/L. The optimum pH is around 8.5–10, which fits well with the initial pH of the effluent. The kinetics of silica adsorption is fast, especially at high dosages and temperatures: 80–90% of the removable silica is removed in 1 h. At these conditions, silica removal is around 75–85% (<50 mg/L SiO2 in the treated water).
Application of Integrated Watershed Management Measures to Minimize the Land Use Change Impacts
Authors: Rajaei Fatemeh , Dahmardeh Behrooz Reza , Ahmadisharaf Ebrahim , Galalizadeh Saman , Dudic Branislav , Spalevic Velibor , Novicevic Rajko
Published: July 2021

Non-point source pollution is a major factor in excessive nutrient pollution that can result in the eutrophication. Land use/land cover (LULC) change, as a result of urbanization and agricultural intensification (e.g., increase in the consumption of fertilizers), can intensify this pollution. An informed LULC planning needs to consider the negative impacts of such anthropogenic activities to minimize the impact on water resources. The objective of this study was to inform future land use planning by considering nutrient reduction goals. We modeled the LULC dynamics and determined the capacity for future agricultural development by considering its impacts on nitrate runoff at a watershed scale in the Tajan River Watershed in northeastern Iran. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate the in-stream nitrate concentration on a monthly timescale in this watershed. Historical LULCs (years 1984, 2001 and 2010) were derived via remote sensing and were applied within the Land Change Modeler to project future LULC in 2040 under a business-as-usual scenario. To reduce nitrate pollution in the watershed and ecological protection, a conservation scenario was developed using a multi-criteria evaluation method. The results indicated that the implementation of the conservation scenario can substantially reduce the nitrate runoff (up to 72%) compared to the business-as-usual scenario. These results can potentially inform regional policy makers in strategic LULC planning and minimizing the impact of nitrate pollution on watersheds. The proposed approach can be used in other watersheds for informed land use planning by considering nutrient reduction goals.
Міжнародний та вітчизняний досвід державної політики формування активної громадянської позиції молоді
Authors: Poltorak Liubov
Published: July 2021

Висвітлено вітчизняний та міжнародний досвід державної молодіжної політики у напрямку формування активної громадянської позиції. Визначено, що серед основних напрямків міжнародної молодіжної політики, які є перспективними та важливими для України є соціальна інклюзія молоді з обмеженими можливостями включення у громадське життя; розширення рівнів участі молоді у громадянському житті від глобального до місцевого; використання можливостей віртуального світу. Прийнята в Україні Концепція Державної цільової соціальної програми «Молодь України» на 2021-2025 враховує недоліки попередніх років та значно розширює можливості соціальної інклюзії молоді, яка має менші можливості включення у громадське життя. Однак, вкрай важливим є забезпечення реалізації визначеного підходу на всіх рівнях державного та освітнього процесу. Це ж стосується і другого напрямку – розширення рівнів участі молоді у громадянському житті.
Democracy, transparency, and participation through the openness of public information in pemalang regency, Indonesia
Authors: Susniwati M.Si. , Zamili Moh. , Sriwahyuni Neni
Published: July 2021

The openness of public information is an essential or inseparable part of democracy. The principles of democracy are participation, inclusion, representation, transparency, accountability, responsibility, free and fair competition, and solidarity. Transparency and participation are linked to the openness of information that allows people to get accurate and sufficient information. This research focuses on the dynamics of democracy in transparency and participation through the openness of public information in Pemalang Regency. The method that used in this research is the qualitative method, since the data is obtained from observation, interviews, and documentation. The result shows that information is restricted by the classification of public information, mechanism access, limitation of tools to deliver the information. Moreover, the database of information has not met the requirement for more up-to-date information. Also, the level of participation of the people in public information in Pemalang Regency is still low.
Carvalho na terra dos sonhos
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Maria Souza de
Published: July 2021

AS POESIAS SÃO COMO SEMENTES QUE GERMINAM A ALMA, E AS POESIAS FALAM DAS AVENTURAS E DESVENTURAS DE UM CORAÇÃO SONHADOR.
Demandas e expectativas em relação à escrita acadêmica: uma análise de narrativas de estudantes calouros
Authors: Silva Elizabeth Maria da , Castanheira Maria Lúcia
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, objetiva-se examinar demandas e expectativas quanto à produção escrita acadêmica, sob a ótica de estudantes do curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade federal brasileira. Trata-se de uma pesquisa ancorada nos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos dos estudos dos letramentos, particularmente dos letramentos acadêmicos, baseando-se também nos conceitos de eventos e práticas de letramento. O corpus, explorado à luz da abordagem qualitativa e da perspectiva etnográfica, é constituído por registros de transcrição de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com estudantes calouras do curso referido, que integram um banco de dados de uma pesquisa mais ampla voltada para os significados dos letramentos acadêmicos em contextos específicos. A análise das demandas e expectativas para a produção escrita acadêmica evidencia a recorrência de duas maneiras de se estabelecer relações com a escrita, nesse contexto: (1) a não apresentação de orientações quanto ao modo de escrever, ao se propor uma atividade de escrita aos alunos e (2) a apresentação de feedbacks genéricos sobre a escrita feita pelos alunos. Essas maneiras de se lidar com a escrita acadêmica parecem dificultar o processo de familiarização dos discentes com as formas de escrever demandadas na universidade, visto que, como ainda são recém-ingressos, desconhecem provavelmente as especificidades da escrita acadêmica.
OPINI PUBLIK TERHADAP PENERAPAN NEW NORMAL DI MEDIA SOSIAL TWITTER
Authors: BIN MUHAMMAD ALKATIRI AWAD , NADIAH ZHAFIRA , NASUTION ADINDA NADA S.
Published: July 2021

Social media is popular with all ages, people in young and old age groups can access social media. Social media is a place for information and opinion exchange. Twitter is one of the social media that is actively used in Indonesia. The new normal phenomenon that is currently being applied is wanted to be further known by researchers by referring to the hashtag #newnormalindonesia on Twitter. Researchers want to find out how public opinion is formed based on the hashtag #newnormalindonesia on Twitter. This research uses the concept of public opinion which is categorized into positive, negative, and neutral. In the research method, researchers use quantitative content analysis, the analysis unit uses thematic analysis units with the operationalization of concepts using the concept of public opinion. Coding sheets are used as instruments in data collection techniques, then in testing the validity and reliability using inter-coder reliability. The results showed that the twitter posts with the #newnormalindonesia hashtag tendto be negative by not supporting the implementation of new normal.
Assessment of Health Monitoring Trustworthiness of Avionics Systems
Authors: Ulansky Vladimir , Machalin Igor , Terentyeva Iryna
Published: July 2021

The article provides a methodology for assessing the trustworthiness of health monitoring the dismounted avionics systems with automated test equipment (ATE). The indicators include the probabilities of false-positive, false-negative, true-positive, and true-negative. For the first time, we introduced into consideration the instability of the source of stimulus signal (SSS), the random and systematic component of the measuring channel error, and the reliability characteristics of the systems themselves. We consider a specific case of an exponential distribution of permanent failures and intermittent faults and derive formulas for calculating the trustworthiness indicators. Numerical calculations illustrate how the probabilities of correct and incorrect decisions depend on accuracy parameters. We show that the probabilities of false-positive and false-negative increase much faster than the probabilities of true-positive and true-negative decrease when the standard deviation of stimulus signal increases. For a Very High-Frequency Omni-Directional Range (VOR) receiver, we demonstrate that even with a zero random error generated by the source of the stimulus signal, the probabilities of false-positive and false-negative are different from zero.
GSFRS: Giant Signal File Random Sampler
Authors: Pal Prasanta , Brewer Judson
Published: July 2021

 In the modern world, it is hard to imagine a day without some
form of interaction with digital data. Real world data originating from
signal generating transducers or communication channels are often
recorded as streams of data samples separated by time stamps, sample
counters or simply data record delimiter e.g. newline (\n), comma (,)
etc. Sampling is the basis of statistical estimation from any data source
containing signal records. The process of random sampling has been
in practice since time immemorial. However, rapid scale of data generation processes working in tandem with of computing infrastructures
, the volume of data is getting quite unmanageably large in nearly
every discipline of science. On the other hand, mere volume of data
is of no consequence if we can’t extract effective intelligence out of
it on an “on demand” basis. Of particular interest is the case where
data is stored in a file as a record separated by newline(or any other
delimiter) character. When the number of records in the file is greater
than a threshold, random sampling is a formidable task. It is nearly
impossible to pragmatically load the entire file in the computer memory
or even if theoretically possible, the time it takes to load the data in
its entirety from natural data sources can be overwhelmingly long or
often unnecessary! We can strategically bypass these problems by
carefully designing a data interface tool such that any part of a given
file can be instantly accessed for random sampling or other kinds of
processing tasks by loading only the necessary parts of the data. With
this goal, we created a novel, portable and highly efficient rapid data
access tool named GSFRS: Giant Signal File Random Sampler, written
in modern C++ language to enable near real-time access to any part of
an arbitrarily large sized data file that is almost independent of the file
size for all practical scenarios. Also, big-data processing would become
relatively commonplace and cost effective even in commodity hardwares
once the indices are made available through its indexing protocol. This
capability would potentially revolutionize the way we gather intelligence
from files containing large samples. Adaptation of GSFRS at the source
level of various data generators, processing times and energy footprints
of various computations can be dramatically reduced.
Perfect 3D-curve RMDPL-IPOs& Bresenham’s 3D-Curve Algorithm (Part 2 & 3)
Authors: Huypens Valere
Published: July 2021

The paper presents three new 26-connected constant feedrate incremental step algorithms that can be used in practical situations in CNC machining tools. The 1st, the perfect 3D line IPO is 100% incremental, the word "perfect" means that the accuracy can be much better than the accuracy of Bresenham's 3D line (e.g. accuracy can be 37% worse). The simplified state diagram computes one perfect major axis points and possibly a perfect non-major axis point. The selection criterion uses the real 3D distance to the line. The 2nd, the perfect 3D curve IPO is a QSIC-algorithm (intersection of two quadrics). The selection criterion uses the "Relative Curve Measurement Theorem" extended to quadrics and QSICs. The consequences of this theorem are crucial, it means that one must not calculate the time-consuming distance to the 3D curve, but it suffices to calculate the RMDPL or the relative minimal distance of two candidate points to the polar line of the QSIC with respect to the midpoint of the candidate points. As the midpoints are close to the curve, the polar lines enclose and inclose the curve. Theoretical, the RMDPL is fundamental, it is the core of all the successful 2D incremental step algorithms and the paper proves that it is the core of the 3D incremental step algorithms or the 3D reference pulse IPOs. Thanks to the RMDPL, the paper represents QSICs in a unique way comparable with 3D-lines. The 3rd, Bresenham's imperfect 3D curve IPO is less accurate but super-fast and can be used in many practical situations as the maximum error (MaxErr) is bounded to 0.707. The curve algorithms can have singular points, but that problem is simple solved. Each curve is a sub-segment of a monotonic curve from the starting extreme point to the ending extreme point. All the extreme points and the singular points are offline precomputed as the intersection points of three quadrics. The constant feedrate of sampled-data curves is clear when the arc length is known, but the real time calculation of the arc length of incremental step curves was until now an open problem. The former paper used the super-fast PRM-cs algorithm for 3D-lines and 2D curves and the same constant feedrate algorithm (actually, a real time length algorithm) can be used even in integer form. The implementation of the constant feedrate algorithm to a 26-connected curve with high accuracy turns out to be piece of cake in contrast to the sampled-data curves. All IPOs can be converted to constant feedrate listSIM-IPOs which can be used in real time in rigid simplified CNC machine tools.
Communication Analysis through Visual Analytics: Current Practices, Challenges, and New Frontiers
Authors: Fischer Maximilian T. , Dennig Frederik L. , Seebacher Daniel , Keim Daniel A. , El-Assady Mennatallah
Published: July 2021

The automated analysis of digital human communication data often focuses on specific aspects like content or network structure in isolation, while classical communication research stresses the importance of a holistic analysis approach. This work aims to formalize digital communication analysis and investigate how classical results can be leveraged as part of visually interactive systems, which offers new analysis opportunities to allow for less biased, skewed, or incomplete results. For this, we construct a conceptual framework and design space based on the existing research landscape, technical considerations, and communication research that describes the properties, capabilities, and composition of such systems through 30 criteria in four analysis dimensions. We make the case how visual analytics principles are uniquely suited for a more holistic approach by tackling the automation complexity and leverage domain knowledge, paving the way to generate design guidelines for building such approaches. Our framework provides a common language and description of communication analysis systems to support existing research, highlights relevant design areas while promoting and supporting the mutual exchange between researchers. Additionally, our framework identifies existing gaps and highlights opportunities in research areas that are worth investigating further. With this contribution, we pave the path for the formalization of digital communication analysis through visual analytics.
Figure del contagio: dalle topografie mediche al contact tracing
Authors: Tesoriere Zeila
Published: July 2021

Il tracciamento del contagio è fra le più efficaci forme di difesa dal coronavirus attuate oggi a scala planetaria. Si tratta di una pratica che mette in luce il ruolo fondamentale svolto dal pensiero architettonico sullo spazio delle epidemie negli ultimi due secoli. Il rapporto fra la diffusione delle malattie e le forme del costruito è stato individuato attraverso le mappature tematiche, che hanno origine nella seconda metà dell’Ottocento e sono ancora oggi in continua evoluzione. A partire dalle topografie mediche comparse per la prima volta in Francia, interpolate con le intuizioni di J. Snow sulla base delle mappe da lui elaborate nello stesso periodo in Inghilterra, si tracciano i modi di formazione di un regime di sapere teso fra sorveglianza e azione, che nel corso del Novecento ha progettato la riforma profonda dei tipi architettonici e del paesaggio urbano e che oggi evolve differentemente attraverso i sistemi dinamici, digitali e locativi del contact tracing usati per la pandemia in corso. Queste figure del contagio sono qui rilette in rapporto alle loro principali implicazioni progettuali, basandosi su un corpus di documenti grafici originali ed inediti. Estesa alla condizione in atto, una lettura comparativa del rapporto fra descrizioni spazializzate della diffusione dei virus e innovazioni nel progetto e nei modi di abitare, conduce ad alcune riflessioni conclusive relative all’architettura degli edifici e degli spazi pubblici del nostro prossimo futuro intra-pandemico.
Artificial Intelligence based Business Process Automation for Enhanced Knowledge Management
Authors: V Bindhu
Published: July 2021

A customer relationship management (CRM) system based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) is used to discover critical success factors (CSF) in order to improve the automated business process and deliver better knowledge management (KM). Moreover, different factors contribute towards achieving efficient knowledge management in CRM systems with AI schemes. Identifying the key elements may be accomplished in a variety of ways. For this purpose, Delphi technique, nominal group technique, and brainstorming approach are used. Using the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approach, ten key variables, significance degree, and interaction are determined. CSFs such as funding, leadership, and support are the most important of the ten variables identified for integrating KM, CRM, and AI. This approach has the potential to significantly improve the business processes.
SDN Controller and Blockchain to Secure Information Transaction in a Cluster Structure
Authors: V Suma
Published: July 2021

The Internet of Things [IoT] is one of the most recent technologies that has influenced the way people communicate. With its growth, IoT encounters a number of challenges, including device heterogeneity, energy construction, comparability, and security. Energy and security are important considerations when transmitting data via edge networks and IoT. Interference with data in an IoT network might occur unintentionally or on purpose by malicious attackers, and it will have a significant impact in real time. To address the security problems, the suggested solution incorporates software defined networking (SDN) and blockchain. In particular, this research work has introduced an energy efficient and secure blockchain-enabled architecture using SDN controllers that are operating on a novel routing methodology in IoT. To establish communication between the IoT devices, private and public blockchain are used for eliminating Proof of Work (POW). This enables blockchain to be a suitable resource-constrained protocol for establishing an efficient communication. Experimental observation indicates that, an algorithm based on routing protocol will have low energy consumption, lower delay and higher throughput, when compared with other classic routing algorithms.
PENERAPAN METODE SMART DALAM SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN SANKSI PELANGGARAN TATA TERTIB SISWA (Studi Kasus: SMK Negeri 1 Pujut)
Authors: Zaen Mohammad Taufan Asri , Janiah Baiq Daniatan , Fadli Sofiansyah
Published: July 2021

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 1 Pujut merupakan sekolah kejuruan yang memiliki siswa cukup banyak untuk ukuran sekolah yang berada diwilayah pedesaan. SMK Negeri 1 Pujut memiliki beberapa peraturan dan tata tertib yang harus ditaati oleh semua siswa tetapi tidak jarang peraturan dan tata tertib tersebut dilanggar oleh beberapa siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan pemberian sanksi pelanggaran tata tertib siswa menggunakan metode Simple Multi Attributte Rating Technique (SMART).  Pada sistem yang akan dirancang tersebut memiliki beberapa kriteria penilaian dan penjumlahan yang terbobot untuk setiap alternatif-alternatif pada setiap atribut atau kriteria pelanggaran yang ada. Setiap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh siswa dapat diproses dengan cepat dan akurat dengan sanksi dan tindakan yang telah ditentukan, memiliki perhitungan yang sama antara perhitungan manual dan perhitungan pada sistem sehingga dapat membantu guru BK dalam proses pelaporan kepada kepala sekolah di SMK Negeri 1 Pujut.
Information and Communication Technologies applied to intelligent buildings: a review
Authors: Parisi Fabio , Fanti Maria Pia , Mangini Agostino Marcello
Published: July 2021

In this paper an insight on innovative implementation strategies and operative Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) regarding Intelligent Buildings (IBs) is provided. Data-driven knowledge extraction and re-usage can be a valid source of information to study the whole building life-cycle as a process to optimize. Today, new challenges can be provided thanks to ICT and Internet of Things (IoT) paradigms that allow big data to be stored, processed and analysed. This approach is still not deeply applied in construction engineering fields. In order to analyse the related literature, first a framework to describe the IB technological environment is proposed. Second, the literature is reviewed according to this framework and focusing on ICT tools and implementation aspects for the whole building life-cycle. To the best of our knowledge, there isn't yet a survey focusing on innovative operative tools adopted in the development of the ICT technological layer of IB. The reviewed literature is discussed by identifying implemented technologies and related ICT tools and classifying applications in building life-cycle. Finally, critical aspects are singled out and opportunities for future developments in the field of IBs are outlined.
The Underrepresentation and the Disinterest of Malay Women in Nursing in the Early Post-Colonial Malaysia (1957-1977): A Cultural Perspective
Authors:   International Islamic University Malaysia, Saidun Salilah
Published: July 2021

Modern nursing started in Malaysia during the colonial rule and with embedded colonial values. During the first two decades of post-independent Malaysia, the Malays were a minority in the nursing workforce despite being the majority population. This study examines the issue of this paradoxical underrepresentation of Malay women from the lens of Malay culture during this period. Document analysis was conducted on relevant annual reports, official letters, minute papers, newspaper articles and parliamentary debates official reports between 1957 and 1977. The findings suggest that the underrepresentation of the Malays in nursing was predominantly due to the disinterest of Malay women to become nurses due to the discordance between the Malay culture and various aspects of nursing. This article highlights the importance of a culturally sensitive work environment in promoting inclusivity for the diverse members of the society.
Pengaruh Teks Perantara dalam Terjemahan Tidak Langsung kepada Bahasa Melayu
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Zainol Intan Suraya , Haroon Haslina ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: July 2021

Terjemahan tidak langsung ialah karya terjemahan yang dihasilkan bukan secara langsung daripada teks sumber tetapi secara tidak langsung dengan menggunakan teks perantara. Disebabkan hal ini, timbul kekhuatiran akan wujud perbezaan antara teks terjemahan tidak langsung dengan teks sumber asal. Dengan mengambil kira hal ini, kajian meneliti pengaruh teks perantara dalam terjemahan tidak langsung kepada bahasa Melayu. Kajian ini melibatkan teks terjemahan tidak langsung dalam bahasa Melayu bertajuk Nurani Tanah Melayu, teks perantara dalam bahasa Inggeris bertajuk The Soul of Malaya dan teks sumber dalam bahasa Perancis bertajuk Malaisie. Secara khususnya, kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti sama ada penggunaan teks perantara bahasa Inggeris dalam terjemahan tidak langsung kepada bahasa Melayu mempunyai kesan terhadap teks terjemahan, iaitu dari segi kesetiaannya pada kandungan teks sumber asal dalam bahasa Perancis. Perbandingan dilakukan antara teks sumber, teks perantara dan teks terjemahan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa dalam beberapa kes, perbezaan antara teks terjemahan dan teks sumber asal sememangnya timbul dalam terjemahan tidak langsung. Perbezaan ini wujud dalam bentuk penambahan, pengguguran dan pindaan. Walau bagaimanapun, perbezaan yang berlaku bukan disebabkan pengunaan teks perantara semata-mata tetapi juga disebabkan penyesuaian yang dilakukan oleh penterjemah sendiri.
Methodological foundations of legal education reform in Ukraine: Scientific paradigm and modern context
Authors: Kot Oleksii O. , Milovska Nadiia V. , Yefimenko Leonid V.
Published: July 2021

The study investigates the current state and defines the methodological foundations for improving the practical training of lawyers in the context of reforming legal education by establishing the features of legal regulation of legal education and its role in the state system, identifying the main problems of modern legal education, as well as analysing foreign experience in practical training of specialists in the field of law. The study uses general scientific and special legal methods of scientific cognition, including comparative legal, philosophical and functional methods, dialectical and formal legal methods of cognition, method of analysis and synthesis. The paper established that the professional training of future specialists in the field of law is currently described by a disparity between the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of law graduates, which complicates their adaptation to practical work. The authors of this study proved that the reform of the legal training system through increasing its practical orientation, determining the state needs of legal personnel of various educational levels, internationalisation of higher education, introduction of new specialisations in accordance with the needs of various spheres of legal practice, should become the basis for the development of legal education in Ukraine. Attention was focused on the need to optimise the system of training legal personnel mainly through the introduction of new teaching methods, the approval of new educational standards, considering the corresponding progressive foreign experience in this field, provided that the accumulated experience, traditions, and principles of Ukrainian higher legal education are preserved, thereby ensuring the development of future specialists with stable practical skills of law enforcement activities. It was found that in the context of the reform of legal education, it is important to establish such requirements for the educational process that would ensure that students master not only a minimum amount of knowledge, but also practical skills because practical training of students is a mandatory component of the educational and professional programme for obtaining an educational degree. In particular, it is necessary to reorient the content and orientation of educational works of applicants for legal education, which should be focused not only on repeating or reproducing theoretical material, but also on solving specially developed practical situations. The issue of increasing the duration of internships and effective cooperation between educational institutions and employers is also important. Improving the effectiveness of training specialists in the field of law through a proportional ratio of theoretical and practical content of the educational process in legal specialities is aimed at modernising the higher legal education model in Ukraine