bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental distress and its association with sociodemographic and economic characteristics: community-based household survey in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Reuter Anna , Vollmer Sebastian , Aiyub A. , Susanti Suryane Sulistiana , Marthoenis M.
Published: November 2020

Background

The role of sociodemographic and economic characteristics in mental distress has been rarely investigated in Indonesia.

Aims

To investigate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and identify any associations between mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics among communities living in urban and rural (peri-urban) areas.

Method

A community-based household survey was conducted in the province of Aceh, Indonesia, in 2018. The 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) screening tool was used to measure symptoms of CMD. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, labour market outcomes and healthcare costs was collected. Multivariate regressions were conducted to analyse the relationships between the measures of mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics.

Results

We found that 14% of the respondents had CMD symptoms. SRQ-20 scores were higher for female, older and lower-educated individuals. CMD prevalence was higher among non-married participants and clustered within families. Participants with CMD perceive their families as performing significantly better in the dimensions of affective involvement and behaviour control compared with their counterparts. Their work was more often affected by negative feelings; they were also twice as likely to report a recent physical or mental health complaint and faced twice the treatment costs compared with their non-affected counterparts.

Conclusions

The prevalence of mental disorders is especially high in disadvantaged population groups. Moreover, mental distress is associated with a lower perceived productivity and a higher physical health burden.
Breakthrough Cancer Pain Clinical Features and Differential Opioids Response: A Machine Learning Approach in Patients With Cancer From the IOPS-MS Study
Authors: Pantano Francesco , Manca Paolo , Armento Grazia , Zeppola Tea , Onorato Angelo , Iuliani Michele , Simonetti Sonia , Vincenzi Bruno , Santini Daniele , Mercadante Sebastiano , Marchetti Paolo , Cuomo Arturo , Caraceni Augusto , Mediati Rocco Domenico , Vellucci Renato , Mammucari Massimo , Natoli Silvia , Lazzari Marzia , Dauri Mario , Adile Claudio , Airoldi Mario , Azzarello Giuseppe , Blasi Livio , Chiurazzi Bruno , Degiovanni Daniela , Fusco Flavio , Guardamagna Vittorio , Liguori Simeone , Palermo Loredana , Mameli Sergio , Masedu Francesco , Mazzei Teresita , Melotti Rita Maria , Menardo Valentino , Miotti Danilo , Moroso Stefano , Pascoletti Gaetano , De Santis Stefano , Orsetti Remo , Papa Alfonso , Ricci Sergio , Scelzi Elvira , Sofia Michele , Aielli Federica , Valle Alessandro , Tonini Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE

A large proportion of patients with cancer suffer from breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP). Several unmet clinical needs concerning BTcP treatment, such as optimal opioid dosages, are being investigated. In this analysis the hypothesis, we explore with an unsupervised learning algorithm whether distinct subtypes of BTcP exist and whether they can provide new insights into clinical practice.

METHODS

Partitioning around a k-medoids algorithm on a large data set of patients with BTcP, previously collected by the Italian Oncologic Pain Survey group, was used to identify possible subgroups of BTcP. Resulting clusters were analyzed in terms of BTcP therapy satisfaction, clinical features, and use of basal pain and rapid-onset opioids. Opioid dosages were converted to a unique scale and the BTcP opioids-to-basal pain opioids ratio was calculated for each patient. We used polynomial logistic regression to catch nonlinear relationships between therapy satisfaction and opioid use.

RESULTS

Our algorithm identified 12 distinct BTcP clusters. Optimal BTcP opioids-to-basal pain opioids ratios differed across the clusters, ranging from 15% to 50%. The majority of clusters were linked to a peculiar association of certain drugs with therapy satisfaction or dissatisfaction. A free online tool was created for new patients’ cluster computation to validate these clusters in future studies and provide handy indications for personalized BTcP therapy.

CONCLUSION

This work proposes a classification for BTcP and identifies subgroups of patients with unique efficacy of different pain medications. This work supports the theory that the optimal dose of BTcP opioids depends on the dose of basal opioids and identifies novel values that are possibly useful for future trials. These results will allow us to target BTcP therapy on the basis of patient characteristics and to define a precision medicine strategy also for supportive care.
H4K20me3 methyltransferase SUV420H2 shapes the chromatin landscape of pluripotent embryonic stem cells
Authors: Kurup Jiji T. , Han Zhijun , Jin Wenfei , Kidder Benjamin L.
Published: November 2020

Heterochromatin, which is a densely packed chromatin state that is transcriptionally silent, is a critical regulator of gene expression. However, it is unclear how the repressive histone modification, H4K20me3, or the histone methyltransferase, SUV420H2, regulate embryonic stem (ES) cell fate by patterning the epigenetic landscape. Here, we report that depletion of SUV420H2 leads to a near complete loss of H4K20me3 genome-wide, dysregulated gene expression, and delayed ES cell differentiation. SUV420H2-bound regions are enriched with repetitive DNA elements, which are de-repressed in SUV420H2 knockout ES cells. Moreover, SUV420H2 regulation of H4K20me3-marked heterochromatin controls chromatin architecture, including fine-scale chromatin interactions in pluripotent ES cells. SUV420H2 plays a critical role in stabilizing the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin landscape of ES cells, where loss of SUV420H2 results in A/B compartment switching, perturbed chromatin insulation, and altered chromatin interactions of pericentric heterochromatin and surrounding regions, indicative of localized decondensation. In addition, depletion of SUV420H2 resulted in compromised interactions between H4K20me3 and gene regulatory regions. Together, these findings describe a novel role for SUV420H2 in regulating the chromatin landscape of ES cells.
RASA1-driven cellular export of collagen IV is required for the development of lymphovenous and venous valves in mice
Authors: Chen Di , Geng Xin , Lapinski Philip E. , Davis Michael J. , Srinivasan R. Sathish , King Philip D.
Published: November 2020

RASA1, a negative regulator of Ras-MAPK signaling, is essential for the development and maintenance of lymphatic vessel valves. However, whether RASA1 is required for the development and maintenance of lymphovenous valves (LVV) and venous valves (VV) is unknown. In this study we show that induced disruption of Rasa1 in mouse embryos did not affect initial specification of LVV or central VV but did affect their continued development. Similarly, switch to expression of a catalytically inactive form of RASA1 resulted in impaired LVV and VV development. Blocked development of LVV was associated with accumulation of the basement membrane protein, collagen IV, in LVV-forming EC and could be partially or completely rescued by MAPK inhibitors and drugs that promote collagen IV folding. Disruption of Rasa1 in adult mice resulted in venous hypertension and impaired VV function that was associated with loss of EC from VV leaflets. In conclusion, RASA1 functions as a negative regulator of Ras signaling in EC that is necessary for EC export of collagen IV, thus permitting the development of LVV and the development and maintenance of VV.
Redefining Cybersecurity through Processual Ontology of the Cyberspace
Authors: Siudak Robert
Published: November 2020

The way cyberspace is conceptualized in security discourses shapes strategies, tools and possible solutions developed within the ICT security debate. Putting forward processual ontology of cyberspace helps in apprehending the unique dynamics of this new domain arising from the intersection of ICT with social and political phenomena. Cyberspace is presented as a process of data transmission and information cognition/processing in the digital domain. It contains time as an inherent dimension and includes all subjects and objects of this process: data (codes, packets, files, texts), information (structured or operationalized data), human and computer agents (people, software) and communication environment (hardware, protocols). Processual ontology is based on the fact that ICT is a man-made realm with almost unlimited potential to expand, where physical distance is lapsed and bits are the primary matter. This theoretical stance blurs the line between human and non-human agents, dehumanizing the idea of actorness by categorizing both humans and computers as actors. Finally, processual ontology of cyberspace promotes resilience strategies both in the private sector as well as on national and international level.
Hold on to the magic
Authors: Davis Emma
Published: November 2020

While many Christmas traditions will not be possible this year, it can still be possible to work with families, staff and children to create a joyful, memorable festive season says Emma Davis.
‘The Twelve Days Of Christmas’
Authors: Davies Sarah
Published: November 2020

Find out how this popular song can help to consolidate number and sequence recognition, counting forwards and backwards, practising prepositions and also learning a variety of action words.
Exploring Classroom Willingness to Communicate: The Role of Motivating Future L2 Selves
Authors: Shen Siying , Mazgutova Diana , McCray Gareth
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the link between future L2 selves and Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in the classroom in the UK university context. We applied a mixed methods approach to collect data from 121 Chinese overseas students where a questionnaire was used before semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants. Two key quantitative findings were: 1) There is a strong positive correlation between ideal L2 self and classroom WTC; 2) A student’s major moderates the relationship between the ought-to L2 self and classroom WTC. Students from non-English-related majors had a greater influence of ought-to L2 self on their WTC in the classroom, while ought-to L2 self does not seem to affect the WTC of English-related majors in the classroom. Follow-up interviews triangulated the quantitative findings with further illustrations in terms of the role of future L2 selves in stimulating WTC in the classroom and the potential differences between students with different academic backgrounds.
Restoration Repair as a Contemporary Approach to Tooth Preservation
Authors: Blum Igor R.
Published: November 2020

Despite the growing body of evidence-based knowledge, evidence-based restoration repair is not always applied in the clinical setting. This article is intended to give an evidence-based insight into the indications, importance, benefits and long-term success of resin composite restoration repair, together with details of relevant operative techniques aimed at conserving as much sound tooth structure as possible.
Dentists of the Future
Authors: Wilson Nairn H.F. , Luo Jie
Published: November 2020

Changes in social structure and advances in technology will influence oral healthcare and the dental workforce. The Council of European Dentists (CED) acknowledges distinct differences between existing dentists and dentists of the future, identifying skills and competencies necessary to make the dentist of the future fit for purpose. These skills and competences are discussed in the context of the profile of the dentist of the future, highlighting the need to review arrangements for the recruitment and retention of future dental workforce.
TIER 2: A Warm Welcomel or A Cold Reality?
Authors: Stagnell Sami , Bhatti Mohamed Asim , Shembesh Tarik , Patel Nikki , Shah Samit
Published: November 2020

Since the introduction of the 2006 NHS dental contract, various waiting list initiatives and the subsequent release of NHS commissioning guidance for dental services, there has been a remarkable and rapid shift towards the provision of intermediate services within the profession. The complexity surrounding those non-specialist providers working within these services has lead to much confusion and the further development of competencies required to work within these settings. This paper focuses on explaining and exploring the topics that arise from an area that has attracted much discussion and debate.
Simultaneous optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug imaging using the same incident light
Authors: Li Xiaoran , Lawman Samuel , Williams Bryan M. , Ye Sicong , Shen Yaochun , Zheng Yalin
Published: November 2020

For any single anterior chamber cross-sectional (tomographic) imaging method, there is a practical compromise between image size and image resolution. In order to obtain large field-of-view cross-sectional images of the whole anterior chamber and high-resolution cross-sectional images of the fine corneal layers, measurements by multiple devices are currently required. This paper presents a novel raster scanning tomographic imaging device that acquires simultaneous large field-of-view Scheimpflug (12.5 mm image depth, 50 μm axial resolution in air) and high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (2 mm image depth, 3.7μm axial resolution in air) using the same illuminating photons. For the novel raster scanning 3D Scheimpflug imaging, a tunable lens system together with numerical methods for correcting refraction distortion were used. To demonstrate the capability of simultaneous measurement of both fine corneal layers and whole anterior chambers topology, ex vivo measurements on 12 porcine and 12 bovine eyes were carried out. There is a reasonable agreement in the overall central corneal thicknesses (CCT) obtained from the simultaneous SD-OCT and Scheimpflug measurements. In addition, because the same infrared light beam was used to illuminate the sample, both OCT and Scheimpflug images were taken at the exact same location of a sample simultaneously in a single measurement. This provides a unique method for measuring both the thickness and the refractive index of a sample.
Dual-frequency laser comprising a single fiber ring cavity for self-injection locking of DFB laser diode and Brillouin lasing
Authors: Spirin Vasily V. , Bueno Escobedo José L. , Korobko Dmitry A. , Mégret Patrice , Fotiadi Andrei A.
Published: November 2020

Low-noise lasers are a powerful tool in precision spectroscopy, displacement measurements, and development of advanced optical atomic clocks. While all applications benefit from lower frequency noise and robust design, some of them also require lasing at two frequencies. Here, we introduce a simple dual-frequency laser leveraging a ring fiber cavity exploited both for self-injection locking of a standard semiconductor distributed feedback (DFB) laser and for generation of Stokes light via stimulated Brillouin scattering. In contrast to the previous laser configurations, the system is supplied by a low-bandwidth active optoelectronic feedback. Importantly, continuous operation of two mutually locked frequencies is provided by self-injection locking, while the active feedback loop is used just to support this regime. The fiber configuration reduces the natural Lorentzian linewidth of light emitted by the laser at pump and Stokes frequencies down to 270 Hz and 110 Hz, respectively, and features a stable 300-Hz-width RF spectrum recorded with beating of two laser outputs. Translating the proposed laser design to integrated photonics will dramatically reduce cost and footprint for many laser applications such as ultra-high capacity ﬁber and data center networks, atomic clocks, and microwave photonics.
Long cavity photonic crystal laser in FDML operation using an akinetic reflective filter
Authors: Butler Sharon M. , Singaravelu Praveen K. J. , O’Faolain Liam , Hegarty Stephen P.
Published: November 2020

A novel configuration of a Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) laser based on silicon photonics platform is presented in this work that exploits the narrowband reflection spectrum of a photonic crystal (PhC) cavity resonator. Configured as a linear Fabry-Perot laser, forward biasing of a p-n junction on the PhC cavity allowed for thermal tuning of the spectrum. The modulation frequency applied to the reflector equalled the inverse roundtrip time of the long cavity resulting in stable FDML operation over the swept wavelength range. An interferometric phase measurement measured the sweeping instantaneous frequency of the laser. The silicon photonics platform has potential for very compact implementation, and the electro-optic modulation method opens the possibility of modulation speeds far beyond those of mechanical filters.
Holographic augmented reality based on three-dimensional volumetric imaging for a photorealistic scene
Authors: Kim Kyung-Jin , Park Byung-Seo , Kim Jin-Kyum , Kim Dong-Wook , Seo Young-Ho
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we propose a new system for a real-time holographic augmented reality (AR) video service based on a photorealistic three-dimensional (3D) object point for multiple users to use simultaneously at various locations and viewpoints. To observe the object from all viewpoints, a camera system capable of acquiring the 3D volume of a real object is developed and is used to generate a real object in real-time. Using the normal of the object point, the observable points are mapped to the viewpoint at which the user is located, and a hologram based on the object point is generated. The angle at which the reflected light from each point is incident on the hologram plane is calculated, and the intensity of the interference light is adjusted according to the angle to generate a hologram with a higher 3D effect. The generated hologram is transmitted to each user to provide a holographic AR service. The entire system consists of a camera system comprising eight RGB-D (depth) cameras and two workstations for photorealistic 3D volume and hologram generation. Using this technique, a realistic hologram was generated. Through experiments displaying holograms simultaneously from several different viewpoints, it is confirmed that multiple users can concurrently receive hologram AR.
Single-frame reconstruction for improvement of off-axis digital holographic imaging based on image interpolation
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Jiang Zhuqing , Wang Yibo , Sun Qiuya , Chen Hao
Published: November 2020

We present a method of single-frame reconstruction in off-axis digital holography with Kronecker-product interpolation to maximize spatial-frequency extraction. The Kronecker-product interpolation operated on a one-frame off-axis digital hologram can generate several aliasing spectra in its Fourier domain, where the zero-order aliasing spectra in the extrapolation region can be suppressed effectively. After adding all aliasing spectrum regions and substituting each aliasing spectrum in place with their sum, spectrum interception with a larger scope for filtering can be made in one of the aliasing spectrum regions. The experimental results demonstrate that the method is valid to improve the resolution in off-axis digital holography.
Development and evaluation of a rapid and simple diagnostic assay for COVID-19 based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Yoshikawa Rokusuke , Abe Haruka , Igasaki Yui , Negishi Saeki , Goto Hiroaki , Yasuda Jiro
Published: November 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly pathogenic novel coronavirus that has caused a worldwide outbreak. Here we describe a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay that uses a portable device for efficient detection of SARS-CoV-2. This RT-LAMP assay specifically detected SARS-CoV-2 without cross-reacting with the most closely related human coronavirus, SARS-CoV. Clinical evaluation of nasal swab samples from suspected SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (COVID-19) patients showed that the assay could detect over 23.7 copies within 15 min with a 100% probability. Since the RT-LAMP assay can be performed with a portable battery-supported device, it is a rapid, simple, and sensitive diagnostic assay for COVID-19 that can be available at point-of-care. We also developed the RT-LAMP assay without the RNA extraction step–Direct RT-LAMP, which could detect more than 1.43 x 103 copies within 15 min with a 100% probability in clinical evaluation test. Although the Direct RT-LAMP assay was less sensitive than the standard RT-LAMP, the Direct RT-LAMP assay can be available as the rapid first screening of COVID-19 in poorly equipped areas, such as rural areas in developing countries.
Neurodevelopmental performance among pre-schoolers treated for severe anaemia at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Ssemata Andrew S. , Opoka Robert O. , Ssenkusu John M. , Nakasujja Noeline , John Chandy C. , Bangirana Paul
Published: November 2020

Background

Severe anaemia is a common clinical problem among young children in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the effect of severe anaemia on neurodevelopment of these children is not well described. Therefore, we assessed the neurodevelopmental performance of preschool children diagnosed with severe anaemia in Northern Uganda.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study among children < 5 years of age 14 days post discharge after an episode of severe anaemia (Hb < 5.0 g/dl; n = 171; mean Hb = 3.9g/dl) at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda. Neurodevelopmental outcomes (cognitive, language and motor) were assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition (Bayley-III). Age-adjusted z-scores for each domain were calculated using scores from healthy community control children (n = 88) recruited from the same environment for each age category. Multiple linear regression was used to compare z-scores in the cognitive, language and motor scales between the two groups after adjusting for weight-for-age z-score, socioeconomic status, mother’s education, and father’s employment on all the scales.

Results

The prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment was 2.3% (95% CI: 0.8–6.1) for cognition, 1.7% (95%: 0.6–5.3) for language and 3.5% (95% CI: 1.6–7.6) for motor scales and 4.6% (95% CI: 2.3–9.1) for deficits in ≥1 area of neurodevelopment. Significant differences were observed between the two groups with the SA group performing worse on cognition [adjusted mean score, (Standard error, SE), P-value] [-0.20, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P = 0.02]; language [-0.25, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P< 0.001]; and motor [-0.17, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P = 0.05] scales.

Conclusion

In children < 5 years of age, severe anaemia was associated with neurocognitive (cognition, language and motor) deficits in the immediate period post treatment. Further research is needed to identify risk factors and determine the long-term effects of poor neurodevelopment in young children with severe anaemia.
Missfire: O Tsunami Digital e o Pânico das Humanidades
Authors: Namora Ricardo
Published: November 2020

Recensão de Teresa Numerico, Domenico Fiormonte e Francesca Tomasi, L’Umanista Digitale. S. E. Il Mulino, Itenerari-Scienze Umanistiche, Bologna, 2010. ISBN 978-88-15-13425-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-1_15
O Elástico da Lira ou Outros Lirismos nas Obras de Fernando Aguiar e de Manuel Portela
Authors: Athayde Manaíra Aires
Published: November 2020

Recensão das exposições de Fernando Aguiar, Ex.Po / Po.Ex 1982-2012, de 07 a 28 de junho de 2013, e Manuel Portela, escreler: 1988-2013, de 13 de setembro a 11 de outubro de 2013, integradas no Ciclo «Nas Escritas PO.EX», Casa da Escrita, Coimbra, Portugal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-2_16
Errores algorítmicos. Procesos cognitivos y acciones educativas
Authors: Sánchez García Ana B.
Published: November 2020

En este trabajo definimos el espacio cognitivo de la sustracción e incidimos en el control del procedimiento y en los procesos que tiene que potenciar el marco educativo para su correcta adquisición. Describimos la teoría que subyace a la adquisición del error. Para ello, tomamos como referencia el análisis de los procesos de transferencia negativa inducidos desde el contexto educativo. El análisis se inscribe en la intersección entre la teoría de la educación y las teorías cognitivas sobre el aprendizaje algorítmico.
Arte, música y perfección en la sociedad global
Authors: Martínez Berriel Sagrario
Published: November 2020

El artículo analiza la renovada importancia del significado trascendente de la cultura, entendida como ideal de perfección, en la construcción de la sociedad global, haciendo referencia al papel social del arte en la convivencia, educación y comunicación del nuevo orden mundial. Deteniéndose en la música en un sentido más concreto y analítico, como espacio predilecto y vital de afirmación de la armonía y el entendimiento universal, al mismo tiempo que en los músicos como representantes cualificados de este ideal.
Alfabetizar en los medios de comunicación: más allá del desarrollo de competencias
Authors: Cuervo Sánchez Sandra Liliana , Medrano Samaniego Concepción
Published: November 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo plantear una reflexión teórica acerca de la necesidad de abordar la alfabetización mediática en el contexto escolar. Parte de la hipótesis básica de que los medios de comunicación, además de ser agentes de socialización, también educan de forma paralela a la escuela. En primer lugar, a manera de contextualización se analizan los medios de comunicación dentro de la producción empresarial de la cultura y la sociedad democrática. A partir de ello, se desarrolla una revisión conceptual sobre la educación en medios, la alfabetización y la competencia mediática para finalizar con la propuesta acerca de la educación en medios como punto de intersección entre el mundo del conocimiento, la cultura y la ciudadanía.
La Teoría de la Educación en la actividad académica española. Análisis de un indicador
Authors: García Carrasco Joaquín , García Del Dujo Ángel , Barrón Ruiz Ángela , González Sánchez Margarita
Published: November 2020

Analysis of the denomination of the courses and programs offered at a large number of Spanish universities enabled the authors to identify the different types of internal configuration that the field of Theory of Education acquires at the different institutions, together with the multiple thematic focal points of interest for research and teaching at each university. Some of the problems inherent to the programming of course content are also dealt with.
Identidades esquemáticas de género en la escuela: a propósitp del primer aniversario de la muerte de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Peña Calvo José Vicente , Rodríguez Menéndez María del Carmen
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: El artículo que los autores presentan, a propósito del primer aniversario de la muerte del sociólogo francés Pierre Bourdieu, realiza una exposición de algunas ideas conceptuales existentes en su teoría de la práctica social, en particular las implicaciones de su noción de habitus para explicar el proceso de constitución de la identidad de género. A partir de este marco teórico, se presentan algunas propuestas de interés que pueden servir para ayudar a elaborar el armazón conceptual de una teoría de la educación que, en sus análisis de la influencia de la escuela en la formación de la identidad personal, tenga en cuenta al género como elemento configurador de la misma.ABSTRACT: The paper that the authors present, with regard to the first anniversary of the death of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, makes a exhibition of some existing conceptual ideas in its theory of the social practice, in individual the implications of its notion of habitus in order to explain the process of constitution of the identity of gender. From this theoretical frame, some proposals of interest appear that can serve to help to elaborate the conceptual framework of a theoiy of the education that, in his analyses of the influence of the school in the configuration of the personal identity, takes in to consideration the gender as a configuration element of the same one.SOMMAIRE: L'article qui les auteurs proposent à propose du premier anniversaire de la mort du sociologue française, Pierre Bourdieu, il présente une exposition des quelques idées conceptuelles qui existent à leur théorie de la pratique sociale, en particulier les implications de sa notion de habitus pour expliquer les procès de constitution de la identité de genre. On présente quelques idées intéressantes à partir de cadre théorique, qui peuvent être utiles pour élaborer l'assemblage conceptuelle d'une théorie d'éducation qui rend compte du genre comme l'élément configurateur de l'influence de l'école à la formation de la identité personnelle.
Un análisis científico-tecnológico de la investigación-acción
Authors: Vera Vila Julio
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the author studies the action-research in relation to scientifical and technological research. Usually both have been shown as two proposals set against each other. The author recognizes the important contribution done by the action-research, how usefull are its proposals about qualitative methods and teacher's roi as an intellectual, who takes part in the design of his practice and thinks critically about the process. But from his point of view there are reasons in order to see the accion-research as a scientific-technological pattern. So, education should be looked as a technological practice based on a scientific theory.
Antropología y educación Nota sobre una difícil relación conceptual
Authors: Colom Cañellas Antoni J. , MÈlich Joan-Carles
Published: November 2020

The aim of this article is to show the relationship between anthropology and education. Question about education and man does not constitute two different questions but just only one. In that way Anthropology of Education is not a marginal discipline within educational sciences but just the opposite.
El concepto realimentación y sus significado en el ámbito pedagógico
Authors: Vega Mancera Felipe
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: Este artículo comprende un estudio minucioso sobre el concepto de realimentación. Se describe su desarrollo histórico, su presencia en diversas disciplinas científicas —en particular en las CC. Sociales—, analizando su influencia en el orden de las ideas y los métodos, lo que le ha llevado a convertirse en una de las principales metáforas científicas de la actualidad. Su incorporación al lenguaje pedagógico, por vía de las corrientes sistémicas y cibernéticas, merece un estudio crítico, en el que se describan los niveles a los que opera, su relación con otros conceptos y procesos, y su posición central en las modernas teorías de la educación; con especial hincapié en las aportaciones del Dr. Sanvisens.SUMMARY: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept feedback. From Watt «Governor» (1790) and the initial theoretical work developed by J. Maxwell (1868), including the cybernetics concepts developed in the fifties, in this paper we revise the conceptual influences and the methodological and thecnological applications in different disciplines, with special attention to the Social Sciences field. The feedback concept is related with other concepts such as: The Systems Dynamic's, the Biofeedback thecnics, the sociological systemic models, the family therapy... Thorough discussion is deserved to the application of this concept in the Educational Theory field. Specifically we analyze the contributions made by the humanistic cybernetic proposed by A. Sanvisens.
Éticas amtientales: variantes de la formación ambiental
Authors: Romañá Teresa
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: Frente a la crisis de civilización occidental cuya naturaleza es cultural, muchos pensamos que es necesario un replanteamiento ético-ecológico. En este trabajo reflexionamos acerca de las tres principales tendencias éticas que coexisten en nuestra sociedad en relación a la formación de nuevas actitudes sobre el medio ambiente, y que en consecuencia configuran tres modelos fundamentales de formación en valores ambientales. Exponemos estas tres variantes y sus ventajas y carencias en relación a la formación ambiental de los ciudadanos. Nuestra conclusión es que es necesario combinar críticamente algunos elementos de cada una de las tendencias analizadas.SUMMARY: A reflection in ecological values in necessary in front of the actual crisis of western civilization related to global problems. In this paper we analize the three main ethical trends that coexist in our society in relation to the training of new attitudes and values about environment. We expound their advantages and problems and we conclude that in necessary to combina critically certain elements of each one of the environmental discourses.
Análisis del espacio en los entornos virtuales de formación
Authors: García Del Dujo Ángel
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el carácter espacial de los entornos virtuales, es decir, ver si en los entornos virtuales está o no presente el sentido, sensación, noción de espacio; en caso positivo, se pretende, en segundo lugar, reconstruir las formas como se genera esa noción y los sentidos que adquiere en distintos entornos, es decir, identificar los mecanismos que se utilizan para generar esa noción espacial y las transformaciones conceptuales que en ese proceso se producen. Een base a los resultados obtenidos se propone una interpretación pedagógica de los procesos formativos mediados tecnológicamente.ABSTRACT: The objective of this article is to analyse the spatial character of the virtual environments, that is to say, to see whether in the virtual environments the sense, the sensation, the notion of space is present or not; in  this case, it aims, secondly, to rebuild the ways this notion is generated and the senses it acquires in the different environments, that is to say, to identify the mechanisms used to generate this spatial notion and the conceptual transformations produced in this  process. Bbased on the obtained results it is proposed a pedagogic interpretation of technologically mediated formative processes.SOMMAIRE: L’objectif de cet article est analyser le caractère spatial des environnements virtuels, c’est à dire, voir si dans les environnements virtuels il est présent ou pas le sens, la sensation, la notion d’espace; dans le cas positif, il prétend, dans un deuxième lieu, reconstruire les formes comment ce notion est générée ainsi que les sens qu’elle acquiert dans les différents environnements, c’est à dire, identifier les mécanismes utilisés pour générer ce notion spatial et les transformations conceptuelles produites dans ce processus. Sur la base des résultats obtenus on propose une interprétation pédagogique des processus formatifs technologiquement entremis.
El legado de Wilhelm Dilthey: las pedagogías culturalistas
Authors: Rincón Verdera Juan Carlos
Published: November 2020

Eduard Spranger, Herman Nohl y Wilhelm Flitner son herederos directos del espiritualismo, el psicologismo y el historicismo de Wilhelm Dilthey, elaborando, a partir de él, pedagogías de marcado carácter cultural. Todos ellos se propusieron reelaborar el cuerpo epistemológico de la pedagogía, siguiendo, para ello, la tradición racionalista, de corte neokantiano, propia del momento (primera mitad del siglo XX). Para Spranger la ciencia de la educación se reducirá a una pedagogía de la comprensión hermenéutica; su misión consistirá en tomar una realidad cultural históricamente heredada y someterla a conceptos ordenadores que permitan adoptar posicionamientos valorativos y normativos de actuación. Nohl, por su parte, entenderá la pedagogía como una teoría de la educación que deberá siempre contextualizarse históricamente por lo que jamás podrá tener validez general. Por último, Flitner considerará la ciencia pedagógica como un filosofar dentro de la circunstancia histórica, es decir, una estética de la educación.
El proyecto educativo como elemento vertebrador de la práctica pedagógica: reflexiones y propuestas para la acción
Authors: Argos González Javier , Ezquerra Muñoz María Pilar , Castro Zubizarreta Ana
Published: November 2020

La tarea educativa presenta un cariz lo suficientemente complejo y relevante como para demandar su «construcción» desde marcos teórico-pedagógicos consistentes, rigurosos y éticamente fundamentados. Para conseguir este propósito, la coherencia y el sentido de dicha tarea se convierten en elementos imprescindibles que se han de proyectar tanto a nivel de centro educativo como a nivel de aula que es, en última instancia, donde se concretan las grandes líneas pedagógicas asumidas consensuadamente. Teniendo en cuenta estas consideraciones, en el presente trabajo analizamos la importancia del Proyecto educativo de Centro como texto sustentador de la tarea pedagógica, para plantear a continuación un conjunto de postulados que se deberían contemplar en nuestra práctica profesional. Así, elementos como la pedagogía de la escucha, el aprendizaje lento, y la intuición, la creatividad, la curiosidad y el placer por aprender emergen y se visibilizan en la escena pedagógica.
El enfoque positivo de la educación: aportaciones al desarrollo humano
Authors: Romero Pérez Clara , Pereira Domínguez Carmen
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza las perspectivas teóricas actuales que fundamentan las propuestas educativas orientadas a promover el desarrollo positivo de las personas. Se exponen, en primer lugar, las características más relevantes del enfoque positivo. A continuación, nos detenemos en el concepto de yo positivo y su relación con la eudaimonia, el autocuidado y el autogobierno emocional. En tercer lugar, tomando como referencia las aportaciones de la Psicología Positiva y la Ciencia de la Prevención se analizan las dos orientaciones generales –hedónica y eudemónica– desde las que se fundamentan diferentes propuestas pedagógicas dirigidas a la educación para el bienestar, el desarrollo socioemocional y la educación del carácter. Concluimos que, a pesar de carecer de un saber práctico cerrado sobre la felicidad y el arte de vivir, una educación positiva orientada a los procesos de construcción humana debe promover tanto las competencias emocionales y sociales como los sentimientos y competencias morales para el desarrollo óptimo del ser humano.
Sostenibilidad, desarrollo «glocal» y ciudadanía planetaria. Referentes de una Pedagogía para el desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Murga-Menoyo M.ª Ángeles , Novo María
Published: November 2020

Los planteamientos de la sostenibilidad abocan a un desarrollo glocal que articule las necesidades y condicionamientos globales con las posibilidades y prácticas locales. La complejidad del fenómeno conduce a un modelo de ciudadanía planetaria que enfatiza el compromiso de la humanidad con la Naturaleza y la necesaria equidad social entre los seres humanos. De ello se derivan implicaciones para la Pedagogía que este artículo pretende destacar. A partir de los escenarios del desarrollo sostenible se avanza la propuesta de una ciudadanía planetaria enraizada en lo local. Glocalidad y ciudadanía planetaria –concepto próximo al de ciudadanía cosmopolita, despojada ésta de sus connotaciones antropocéntricas– dan lugar a sendas misiones de la educación: la formación de un pensamiento sistémico-complejo que articule una cosmovisión holística y la educación para una ciudadanía planetaria. En ambas, la condición del ser humano como ser ecodependiente concede a la Naturaleza un lugar principal en los procesos educativos.
The importance of social capital in agriculture
Authors: Bencze Tibor
Published: November 2020

The concept of social capital became known in the 1980’s as an immaterial resource in the society and it is also a popular area of sociological and economic researches nowadays. Bourdieu, Coleman, and Putnam created the fundamental conceptions of the social capital. Defining social capital as capital involves the philosophy of serving as a resource for the social network.

Studies of the rapidly growing economy of East Asia always emphasize the importance of dense social networks. These networks, the unacceptable, the confidential, reduce the transaction costs, speed up the flow of information and innovation. Social capital and financial capital can be converted. The great economic developments in Hungarians in the last century are different from these causes. In Hungary, there is a very low level of cooperation as well as willingness to develop it. Among Western European countries the level of trust is lower than the average. This basic problem is closely related to the low level of trust and social capital in society as a whole. Partnerships and cooperations are essential nowadays as they can be beneficial to the whole society and economy. In addition, the farmers' eagerness to associate is also weak and the options on how to resolve this issue are still not settled.

Enforcement of the Hungarian peasantry in agricultural cooperatives (1958-1962) left a profound impression on society and its consequences must be taken into account. The good reputation and the credit could be quickly lost; on the contrary recovery – especially rebuild mutual trust- takes more time. Hungarian farmers do not have the confidence to regain each other in the long run. It should be changed, otherwise the majority of the Hungarian farmers will not have the chance to stay competitive.
Perbedaan Gangguan Psikososial dan Fungsi Kognitif antara Remaja Pendek dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh Rendah dan Normal di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Kota Surakarta
Authors: Diananta Gita Soraya , Salimo Harsono , Soebagyo Bambang
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang. Perawakan pendek pada anak dan remaja masih sering ditemukan di negara berkembang dan berdampak pada perkembangan fisik, mental dan fungsi kognitif remaja.Tujuan. Menganalisis perbedaan gangguan psikososial dan fungsi kognitif antara remaja pendek dengan IMT rendah dan normal.Metode. Penelitian observasional dengan desain studi potong lintang yang dilakukan di SMP Negeri 8 dan 20 Kota Surakarta pada bulan Agustus – Oktober 2019 terhadap remaja pendek berusia 11-15 tahun dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengukuran antropometri berdasarkan WHO 2006 yang dikategorikan sebagai remaja pendek kurus dan pendek normal. Keduanya mengisi kuesioner PSC-17 dan CFIT. Perbedaan gangguan psikososial dan fungsi kognitif antara kedua kelompok dianalisis menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian dikatakan bermakna jika nilai p<0,05.Hasil. Prevalensi remaja pendek adalah 18,5% terdiri dari remaja pendek kurus (37,5%) dan pendek normal (62,5%). Terdapat perbedaan gangguan psikososial dan fungsi kognitif antara remaja pendek kurus dan pendek normal yang bermakna (p=0,007 dan p=0,000). Remaja pendek kurus berisiko mengalami gangguan psikososial 2,35 kali dan gangguan fungsi kognitif 8,83 kali. Mayoritas gangguan psikososial adalah masalah internalisasi. Remaja pendek kurus berisiko 2,79 kali (p=0,002). Kesimpulan. Terdapat perbedaan gangguan psikososial dan fungsi kognitif antara remaja pendek dengan IMT rendah dan normal yang secara statistik bermakna.
Akurasi Pemeriksaan Auskultasi Jantung dan Elektrokardiografi untuk Deteksi Kelainan Jantung pada Anak
Authors: Nova Ria , Yosy Deny Salverra , Bermansyah Bermansyah
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang. Tidak semua kelainan jantung menimbulkan gejala klinis. Pemeriksaan ekokardiografi tidak semuanya tersedia di fasilitas kesehatan terbatas.Tujuan. Untuk mendeteksi kelainan jantung pada siswa-siswi sekolah dasar di Palembang melalui pemeriksaan auskultasi jantung dan elektrokardiografiMetode. Desain penelitian uji diagnostik dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada siswa-siswa sekolah dasar di kota Palembang. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2019. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 280 anak sekolah dasar. Semuanya dilakukan pemeriksaan auskultasi jantung, elektrokardiografi, dan ekokardiografiHasil. Subyek 280 anak sekolah dasar, terdiri dari 130 laki-laki dan 150 perempuan. Rerata umur 9,6 tahun (rentang 5-14) tahun. Median berat badan 27 kg. Pada pemeriksaan auskultasi ditemukan 79,2% normal, 9,2 % bising sistolik, 2,1 % bising diatolik, dan 7,1 % bising inosen. Hasil elektrokardiografi, normal 97,1%, sinus takikardi 1,4%, sinus bradikardi 0,4%, hipertrofi ventrikel kiri 0,7 %, right bundle branch block 0,4%. Hasil ekokardiografi, penyakit jantung rematik subklinis 20 anak, persisten foramen ovale 1 anak, pulmonal stenosis 2 anak dan hipertensi pulmonal primer 10 anak. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas auskultasi jantung 90% dan 91%. Nilai prediksi positif dan negatif auskultasi jantung 57,69% dan 98,6%. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas elektrokardiografi 6,06% dan 97,57%. Nilai prediksi positif dan negatif elektrokardiografi 25% dan 88,6%.Kesimpulan. Auskultasi jantung cukup akurat untuk deteksi awal kelainan jantung pada anak dibandingkan elektrokardiografi.
The Answer to “When to Clip” After Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Based on a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Albéniz Eduardo , Enguita-Germán Mónica , Gimeno-García Antonio Zebenzuy , Herreros de Tejada Alberto , Nogales Oscar , Espinós Jorge C. , Rodríguez Sánchez Joaquín , Rosón Pedro , Guarner Carlos , Marín José Carlos , Bhandari Pradeep , Spadaccini Marco , Repici Alessandro , Hassan Cesare , Álvarez-González Marco Antonio , Ibáñez Beroiz Berta
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Delayed bleeding (DB) is the most common major complication of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Two randomized clinical trials recently demonstrated that clip closure after EMR of large nonpedunculated colorectal polyps (LNPCPs) reduces the risk of DB. We analyzed the cost-effectiveness of this prophylactic measure.

METHODS:

EMRs of LNCPCPs were consecutively registered in the ongoing prospective multicenter database of the Spanish EMR Group from May 2013 until July 2017. Patients were classified according to the Spanish Endoscopy Society EMR group (GSEED-RE2) DB risk score. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed for both Spanish and US economic contexts. The average incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) thresholds were set at 54,000 € or $100,000 per quality-adjusted life year, respectively.

RESULTS:

We registered 2,263 EMRs in 2,130 patients. Applying their respective DB relative risk reductions after clip closure (51% and 59%), the DB rate decreased from 4.5% to 2.2% in the total cohort and from 13.7% to 5.7% in the high risk of the DB GSEED-RE2 subgroup. The ICERs for the universal clipping strategy in Spain and the United States, 469,706 € and $1,258,641, respectively, were not cost effective. By contrast, selective clipping in the high-risk of DB GSEED-RE2 subgroup was cost saving, with a negative ICER of −2,194 € in the Spanish context and cost effective with an ICER of $87,796 in the United States.

DISCUSSION:

Clip closure after EMR of large colorectal lesions is cost effective in patients with a high risk of bleeding. The GSEED-RE2 DB risk score may be a useful tool to identify that high-risk population.

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