bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Petani Terhadap Program Upsus Pajale Di Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Chyntia Bella , Gultom Dame Trully , Prayitno Rio Tedi
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan, persepsi petani dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi petani terhadap Program Upsus Pajale.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.  Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 51 orang petani responden yang dipilih secara acak.  Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, tabulasi, dan Korelasi Rank Spearman.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program Upsus Pajale belum berhasil.  Sebagian besar petani belum menerapkan tahapan-tahapan dari Program Upsus Pajale, petani jarang mengikuti rapat terkait pelaksanaan program, serta produktivitas padi mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2018 sebesar 2,42 ton/ha/musim tanam dan produktivitas jagung mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2018 sebesar 2,30 ton/ha/musim tanam.  Persepsi petani tentang Program Upsus Pajale sangat baik, karena penyuluh pertanian lapangan maupun ketua kelompok tani cukup sering memberi informasi tentang Program Upsus Pajale.  Petani cukup tahu mengenai tujuan, ruang lingkup, dan sistem pendanaan pada Program Upsus Pajale.  Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi petani dalam Program Upsus Pajale adalah pengalaman berusahatani, motivasi, dan tingkat pengetahuan.

Kata kunci: penyuluhan, persepsi, produktivitas, Program Upsus Pajale
Persepsi Anggota, Dinamika Kelompok Pengelola Dan Pelestari Hutan (KPPH) dan Kelestarian Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) di Kecamatan Kemiling Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Umar Ajay Khotib , Syarief Yuniar Aviati , Hasanuddin Tubagus , Nurmayasari Indah
Published: August 2020

Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) memiliki beragam fungsi. Untuk melestarikan Tahura dibentuk Kelompok Pengelola dan Pelestari Hutan (KPPH).  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  (1) persepsi anggota KPPH terhadap kelestarian Tahura, (2) dinamika kelompok KPPH, (3) Tingkat kelestarian Tahura, (4) hubungan persepsi anggota KPPH dengan dinamika kelompok KPPH, (5) hubungan persepsi anggota KPPH dengan kelestarian Tahura, dan (6) hubungan dinamika kelompok KPPH dengan kelestarian Tahura.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Sumber Agung, Kota Bandarlampung dari bulan Maret-April 2019. Responden penelitian adalah anggota KPPH yang dipilih secara acak sebanyak 83 responden. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey.  Analisis digunakan  metode deskriptif dan statistik non parametrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Persepsi anggota KPPH terhadap kelestarian Tahura cukup baik, (2) dinamika kelompok KPPH cukup dinamis, (3) Tingkat kelestarian Tahura cukup baik, (4) Persepsi anggota KPPH berhubungan dengan dinamika kelompok KPPH, (5) Persepsi anggota KPPH berhubungan dengan kelestarian Tahura, dan (6) Dinamika kelompok KPPH berhubungan dengan kelestarian Tahura.

Kata kunci: dinamika kelompok, kelestarian, persepsi, Tahura
Kesetaraan Gender pada Rumah Tangga Petani Padi Sawah di Kecamatan Gading Rejo Kabupaten Pringsewu
Authors: Nurmayasari Indah , Mutolib Abdul , Damayanti Nur Alfi Laila , Safitri Yuli
Published: August 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran perempuan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga petani padi sawah di Pekon Wonodadi Kecamatan Gading Rejo Kabupaten Pringsewu. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan 30 sampel petani padi sawah.  Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kesetaraan gender model Harvard.  Tingkat kesetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga petani padi sawah diukur melalui pendekatan profil aktifitas yang meliputi: 1) pembagian kerja reproduktif, 2)  pembagian kerja produktif, dan 3)  pembagian kerja social. Profil akses dan kontrol terhadap sumberdaya dan manfaat diidentifikasi melalui: 1) tingkat kesetaraan dalam akses terhadap sumberdaya, 2) tingkat kesetaraan dalam akses terhadap manfaat, 3) tingkat kesetaraan dalam kontrol terhadap sumberdaya, dan 4) tingkat kesetaraan dalam kontrol terhadap manfaat.  Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2019.  Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran bahwa aktivitas usahatani padi sawah baik dalam kegiatan produktif, maupun sosial didominasi oleh  laki-laki.  Perempuan dominan dalam kegiatan reproduktif.  Kesetaraan gender dalam akses dan kontrol  terhadap sumber daya dan manfaat didominasi laki-laki.  Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesetaraan gender meliputi: faktor budaya, tingkat pendidikan, ketidakpercayaan diri perempuan, dan tingkat ekonomi atau pendapatan rumah tangga petani padi sawah.
Respon Petani Padi Terhadap Program Billing System Pupuk Bersubsidi di Kecamatan Candipuro Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Rahmalina Rahmalina , Nikmatullah Dewangga , Silviyanti Serly
Published: August 2020

Salah satu program pemerintah untuk meminimalisir distribusi pupuk bersubsidi yang tidak tepat waktu dan tidak tepat sasaran program billing system.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan respon petani padi pada program billing system.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Candipuro, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.  Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, yaitu petani peserta program billing system yang berjumlah 93 orang.  Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan sekunder. Waktu pengambilan data penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2019. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis peringkat korelasi rank Spearman.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon petani terhadap program billing system dilihat dari manfaat, pelaksanaan dan aksesibilitas program masuk dalam kategori baik.  Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan dengan respon petani terhadap program billing system adalah tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat pemenuhan syarat program, dukungan pemerintah dan kepemilikan modal petani untuk menebus pupuk subsidi.
Gaziantep ve Antakya Kentsel Sit Alanlarının Geleneksel Doku ve Mekânsal Gelişim Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: TAŞÇIOĞLU Saliha
Published: August 2020

Çalışma Antakya ve Gaziantep kentlerinin kurulumundan itibaren, tarihsel süreçteki değişim ve gelişimini belirlemek, geleneksel doku analizleri ile aralarındaki farklılık ve benzerliklerin ortaya konulmasını amaçlamıştır. Konuya katkı sağlayacak çalışmaların incelenmesi sonucu her iki kent için geleneksel doku analiz çizelgesi oluşturulmuştur. Antakya ve Gaziantep kentinin tarihsel gelişimi ile mekânsal gelişimi 3 döneme ayrılarak incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda anıtsal ve sivil mimarlık örnekleri, ulaşım ağı ve yeşil alan analiz haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada her iki kentin de mekânsal gelişimin alınan kararlar doğrultusunda şekillendiği ve yıllar içerisinde dokuda bazı kayıpların olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yakın konumda bulunan iki kentin yapısal ve mimari olarak farklılıklar içerebildiği belirlenmiş, bu bağlamda tarihi kentlerin kendine has bir koruma uygulamasına tabi tutulmasının önemine vurgu yapılmıştır.
Kırsal Alan Planlama Stratejileri: Kastamonu Gemiciler Köyü
Authors: ÇAKIROĞLU Binnur Buşra , ÖZTÜRK Sevgi
Published: August 2020

Kırsal alanlar, nüfus yoğunluğunun düşük olduğu, üretimin genellikle tarım ve hayvancılığa dayandığı alanlardır. Son dönemlerde kırsal alan planlamasının yeterince önemsenmemesi ve bu alanlar için alınan birçok yanlış karar neticesinde, kırsal alanlardaki nüfus giderek azalmaya başlamıştır.“Kırsal Alan Planlaması: Gemiciler Köyü” yüksek lisans tez çalışmasının bir bölümünden uyarlanan bu çalışma, mevcut veriler ve Gemiciler köyü yöre halkı ile yapılan anket çalışması sonucu elde edilen verilere dayanarak hazırlanmıştır. 78 kişiye uygulanan anket çalışması SPSS Statistics 20 programı yardımıyla sıklık, yüzde, standart sapma, ortalama değerler ve T-Testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çevre tahribatı, yüksek katlı yapılar ile geleneksel mimaride yaşanan uyumsuzluk, doğal ve kültürel kaynakların yeterince değerlendirilememesi alana özel sorunlar olarak belirlenmiş olup, deniz turizmi ile tarımsal, hayvansal ve endüstriyel ürün potansiyelinin değerlendirilerek ekonominin canlandırılması faktörleri ise alanın olanakları olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen bu sorun ve olanaklar neticesinde alana yönelik stratejiler geliştirilmiş olup, bu stratejilerin mekânsal dağılımı gösterilmiştir.
DICOM format: definition and practical use in vascular medicine
Authors: Uhl Jean François
Published: August 2020

The imaging is essential in vascular medicine for diagnosis and treatment. New imaging techniques since the advent of the spiral CT scan, invented by Hounsfield and Mac Cormack in 1972, brought us a revolution in whole medicine. This has been possible thanks to the development of new standards for imaging, particularly DICOM format. The aim of this paper is to explain what is DICOM and how we use it in vascular medicine. DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine standards) is an universal worldwide format used for medical imaging for all vascular investigation techniques: sonography, CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This format allows 3D reconstruction of the patient's anatomy and gives access to quantification of all anatomical structures of the body, in particular of the vessels. It is achieved with dedicated software called DICOM browsers. These new tools of tridimensional (3D) modeling of the vessels bring us more accurate data of vascular anatomy. They make us enter in an era of new endoscopic and surgical techniques fully based on the image data, and so open the way for simulation, training and augmented reality.
The Impact of CPR Position (Kneeling, Footstool and Standing Beside Bed) on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: A Literature Review
Authors: Mirwanti Ristina
Published: August 2020

Background: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is one of the measures to deal with emergency cardiac arrest (cardiac arrest) where the heart organ loses its function suddenly. Hence it is unable to pump blood throughout the body. CPR consists of aid in circulation (compression) and breathing (ventilation). AHA has determined guidelines for implementing CPR, especially an essential point in CPR, namely chest compression. The standing position is fundamental in the implementation of CPR, but kneeling and footstool positions can be carried out during CPR implementation. This paper aims to show the impact of standing, kneeling, and footstool positions on CPR quality.Method: The method used is by searching journals in Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The keywords used are CPR, Kneeling Position, Footstool, standing beside the bed Obtained eight selected journals according to the topic, then analyzed.Results: Based on the search result, eight articles meet the criteria. The literature review results showed three positions that can be chosen when conducting CPR: standing, kneeling, and footstool. Those positions could give impact toward helper: pain level and exhaustion degree, and quality of CPR: compression strength, depth of compression, amount of compression, chest recoil, elbow movement, and movement in the lower back.Conclusion: Three CPR positions can be done, including standing beside the bed, kneeling, and standing on stepstool footing. Each position gives impacts both to helper condition and CPR quality. Researchers recommend standing on stepstool footing due to it provides the best effect on CPR quality.
2016-2017: un bienio aciago para la República de Corea
Authors: Ramírez Bonilla Juan José , Murillo Muñoz Leonel
Published: August 2020

Para la República de Corea (Corea del Sur o Corea), los catorce meses transcurridos entre el 1 de octubre de 2016 y el 30 de noviembre de 2017 estuvieron marcados por fuertes tensiones domésticas e internacionales, en los campos de la política y de la economía. En el campo de la política doméstica, los medios de comunicación independientes desafiaron al gobierno de la presidenta Park Geun-hye, sacando a la luz las redes de influencia tejidas desde la oficina de la presidencia que paralizaron el sistema de justicia, beneficiaron a la señora Choi Soon-sil y permitieron extorsionar a un número considerable de empresas coreanas. Ante las evidencias de corrupción y de la participación de la consejera personal de la presidenta Park en asuntos de Estado, la población coreana se volcó a las calles y logró su destitución. La crisis política allanó el camino para una elección anticipada y para un giro en la política doméstica tendiente a sanear las estructuras institucionales; la primera parte de nuestro trabajo está abocada al análisis de esta crisis política.
Malasia, 2017
Authors: Haro Navejas Francisco Javier
Published: August 2020

El año 2017 en Malasia fue uno en que las fuerzas políticas echaron mano de todos sus conocimientos de movilización corporativa para lo que les pareció anunciarse desde mayo como unas elecciones adelantadas. El gobierno enfrentó un sin número de crisis importantes; la primera, detrás de la idea de meter a los partidos en una dinámica de campañas electorales, tiene que ver con actos de corrupción a los cuales se asocia al primer ministro, Najib Razak. Hasta ahora,ha salido bien librado, pero el fin del asunto no parece cercano.
Relaciones económicas entre China y México ante la perspectiva de un acuerdo comercial
Authors: Xuedong Liu
Published: August 2020

En la actualidad China y México están considerados como economías emergentes con un enorme grado de apertura comercial, cuyo lazo económico no solamente consiste en conservar los intercambios comerciales de manera directa, sino también de manera indirecta por medio de sus respectivas participaciones activas en las cadenas globales importantes. Ante el acuerdo comercial alcanzado entre México y los Estados Unidos en agosto pasado, con el contexto de la modernización del Tratado del Libre Comercio en la América del Norte (TLCAN), el panorama de crecimiento económico y de la entrada de inversión extranjera se vio esclarecido paulatinamente, y se espera un fortalecimiento aún mayor de los vínculos económicos entre México y su vecino del Norte. Por su parte, la necesidad de diversificar la economía mexicana, sobre todo para incursionar en los nuevos mercados a escala internacional, se ha intensificado cada vez más y hoy se requiere realizar un esfuerzo aún mayor.
El 2018 en Myanmar
Authors: González Barajas Luisa Alejandra
Published: August 2020

La República de la Unión de Myanmar, también conocida como Birmania, se ubica en la parte continental del sureste asiático. Comparte frontera con India y Bangladesh al oeste, con China al norte y noreste, con Tailandia y Laos al oeste, y al sur limita con la bahía de Bengala y el mar de Andamán. Según estimaciones de la CIA (2018), Myanmar cuenta con una población de más de 55 millones de habitantes, distribuidos en alrededor de 676 500 kilómetros cuadrados.
China y Hong Kong
Authors: Haro Navejas Francisco Javier , Cornejo Bustamante Romer
Published: August 2020

Para China, 2019 ha representado un periodo importante para repensar sus perspectivas. En el ámbito político, en la primavera de 2018, la decisión de la Asamblea Popular Nacional (APN) de hacer indefinida la reelección del presidente, así como la continuación de la lucha contra la corrupción, mantiene inquietos a algunos sectores dentro del Partido Comunista. No obstante, el presidente Xi Jinping se ha mantenido como la figura dominante de la política china y cuenta con la lealtad de la mayoría de todas las facciones del partido gobernante, el ejército y la élite empresarial. Xi ha demostrado tener una visión política clara y ha promovido ambiciosos proyectos nacionales, entre ellos, acabar con la pobreza del país en el corto plazo, además de una iniciativa internacional, como la Nueva Ruta de la Seda, que posicionaría al país como potencia mundial indiscutible en el mediano plazo, lo que a su vez ha estado acompañado de un enorme esfuerzo por mostrar una imagen benigna hacia el exterior. Quizá podamos medir la eficacia de estas medidas a través de la reacción de los Estados Unidos, que han revitalizado su campaña sobre la amenaza china, particularmente en América Latina, así como la reciente de desconfianza de los miembros de la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte (OTAN).
Taiwán
Authors: Martínez Ruiz Itzel
Published: August 2020

El año 2019 fue testigo de múltiples acontecimientos internacionales que afectaron la dinámica en la región Asia-Pacífico, como la guerra comercial entre China y los Estados Unidos, el surgimiento y durabilidad de las protestas sociales en Hong Kong, así como la política exterior ofensiva adoptada por el presidente Donald Trump. Por ello, la estabilidad social, económica y política de la región fue reconfigurándose a lo largo del año. Dada la proximidad con los actores antes mencionados, la política interna y externa de Taiwán reparó en cuantiosos cambios.
Aprendizaje colaborativo en línea, una aproximación empírica al discurso socioemocional de los estudiantes
Authors: Castellanos Ramírez Juan Carlos , Niño Carrasco Shamaly Alheli
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo presenta una investigación sobre las estrategias discursivas socioemocionales que los estudiantes utilizan durante la elaboración de tareas colaborativas en línea. Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiples para explorar los procesos colaborativos desarrollados por tres grupos de estudiantes inscritos en el primer ciclo académico 2014 de la carrera de psicopedagogía, en la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Para resolver la tarea, los estudiantes realizaron contribuciones en un foro asíncrono durante treinta días. Los resultados sugieren que cuatro tipos de estrategias discursivas socioemocionales tienen un efecto importante en el rendimiento de los grupos: i) utilización de pronombres inclusivos, ii) formulación de expectativas sobre la tarea, iii) valoraciones positivas sobre el funcionamiento del grupo y iv) expresiones de apoyo mutuo entre los participantes. También se concluye que los grupos con mejores resultados en su aprendizaje suelen mantener o incrementar el uso de estrategias discursivas socioemocionales a través del tiempo.
Characterization of Little millet (Panicum sumatrense) varieties using Morphological descriptors and SSR based DNA fingerprinting
Authors: Natesan Senthil , Venugopalan Gayathri , Selvamani Selva Babu , Krishnamoorthy Madhumitha , Chandran Sarankumar , Angamuthu Nirmalakumari
Published: August 2020

Little millet varieties are generally distinguished by morphological descriptors which are being used for seed certification and DUS characterization [1]. But in practical terms, these key differentiation descriptors between varieties of little millet are very fewer and hence difficult to differentiate germplasm accessions. Germplasm registration in NBPGR needs DNA fingerprint to show the uniqueness of germplasm in comparison to existing varieties. DNA fingerprinting is a better option to identify unique markers to differentiate the varieties. Available genomic resources are scarce since little millet is still considered to be an orphan crop. Therefore markers from other cereal genomes such as maize, pearl millet and barnyard millet that are been utilized for DNA fingerprinting purpose with a clue of cereal synteny relationship. Twenty-one morphological descriptors studies revealed that the variety ATL 1 is different from the other varieties for more than 16 morphological characters studied. DNA fingerprinting is attempted in five genotypes of little millets such as BL6, ATL 1, TNPsu 176, Co (Samai) 4, Paiyur 2 using cereal SSR markers. Among the 25 maize SSR markers used two markers viz., phi213984 and phi295450 scored polymorphism by the amplicon size of 310bp and 600bp respectively. From the 25 Pearl millet SSR markers used only one SSR marker found polymorphic at 305bp allele size for ATL 1 and Hence, SSR based DNA fingerprinting helped to differentiate ATL1, the newly released high yielding variety from other genotypes of little millets which can be used for varietal identification purpose.
Scale elasticity in the presence of integer data: An application to electricity distribution companies
Authors: Amirmohammadi Homeira , Amirteimoori Alireza Amir , Kordrostami Sohrab , Vaez-Ghasemi Mohsen
Published: August 2020

Returns to scale and scale elasticity are two important issues in the field of economics and operations research. Recently, estimating returns to scale and scale elasticity using tools such as data envelopment analysis (DEA) has attracted considerable attention among researchers. The existing approaches to calculate scale elasticity in DEA context, assume all inputs and outputs are real-valued and in this sense, the underlying technology is a continuous set. In many real cases, however, we face input/output measures that are restricted to be integer-valued. Scale properties of frontier points in such cases are interesting and important. In this paper, this problem in integer-valued DEA is studied. The Lagrangian dual formulation of a mixed integer linear programming problem is used to calculate the scale elasticity of a frontier point. To illustrate the real applicability of the theoretical framework, a real case on electricity distribution companies is given.
NEGATIVE INVERSION IN STANDARD ENGLISH
Authors: Muñoz Martín Lucía
Published: August 2020

This paper takes a descriptive approach to several  properties of Negative Inversion (NI) in Standard English found controversial in prescriptive writings, comparing what has been previously written in the literature with real native English speakers’ grammaticality judgements gathered via a questionnaire. These topics include the disagreement on the optionality of subject-auxiliary (subj-aux) inversion, the different approaches to an accurate syntax analysis, whether NI behaves as a Root Phenomenon (RT) or not,  and the inaccurate classification of Only Inversion as a subtype of NI.
Process network modelling of the geochemical reactions responsible for acid mine drainage emanating from the Witwatersrand tailings facilities
Authors: Hansen R.N.
Published: August 2020

Acid mine drainage (AMD) and associated metal(loid) and SO42- pollution of soil, surface water and groundwater is ubiquitously associated with tailings material generated by Au mining in the Witwatersrand Basin in South Africa. The individual geochemical processes responsible for the AMD generation in this tailings material are relatively well understood. What is less clear are how these different processes interact as a network within the tailings system. Process network modelling (PNM) is a tool that can be used to study such interactive and complex networks of geochemical processes, especially when stochastic methods, e.g. Monte Carlo simulation, are included in the model development. Secondary mineral phase supersaturation requirements from classical nucleation theory are also built into the model.

A PNM was developed for a tailings facility in the Witwatersrand gold basin focussing on pH, Fe(total) and SO42- concentrations in the tailings pore water and the relationship of these parameters to the dissolution of pyrite, O2 diffusion into the tailings, oxidation of Fe2+ and the precipitation of secondary minerals, specifically goethite and jarosite. The model indicated that AMD conditions develop fairly rapidly after the sulphidic material is exposed to the Earth’s oxygenated atmosphere. The concentration of H+, and hence the pH, in the tailings pore water is controlled by a number of feedbacks. The positive feedback, implying addition of H+, is the dissolution of pyrite and the precipitation of the secondary Fe3+-bearing minerals goethite and jarosite. Jarosite precipitation was shown to increase the median H+ addition rate by ~2%. The negative feedback, i.e. decrease in H+, is the oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+. This feedback loop produces a net excess of H+. Together with the buffer effect of goethite and jarosite precipitation, system steady-state conditions are eventually achieved with respect to pH.

The pore water SO42- concentration is controlled by the positive and negative feedback of pyrite dissolution and jarosite precipitation. This feedback loop produces a large excess of SO42- and steady state conditions can only be achieved if SO42- is physically removed from the tailings system, e.g. seepage to groundwater.

Oxidation of the Fe2+ produced by pyrite dissolution to Fe3+ is the only positive feedback for tailings pore water Fe3+ concentrations. The negative feedbacks are precipitation of goethite and jarosite and the oxidation of pyrite by Fe3+. The former effect is delayed as these phases first have to achieve a certain level of supersaturation in the tailings pore water solution before they can form. The precipitation of jarosite and goethite, by removing Fe3+ from solution, decreases the effect of Fe3+ pyrite oxidation causing O2 to remain the dominant oxidation mechanism. This feedback loop produces a small excess of Fe3+ over time, however, the model is very sensitive to other factors, e.g. O2 diffusion deeper into the tailings facility.
A proposta de um ensino de gramática em três eixos
Authors: Souza Victor Renê Andrade , Silva Lucas Santos
Published: August 2020

Neste texto, apresentamos uma resenha da conferência Ensino de gramática em três eixos: uma questão de ciência, cidadania e respeito linguístico proferida por Silvia Rodrigues Vieira e moderada por Isabel Monguilhott no dia 16 de julho de 2020 no evento Abralin Ao Vivo – Linguists Online. De modo panorâmico, Vieira discute sobre ensino de gramática e apresenta sua proposta de um ensino em três eixos (atividade reflexiva – produção de sentidos – normas/variedades), associando-os a questões relativas à ciência, à cidadania e ao respeito linguístico (VIEIRIA, 2017a; VIEIRA, 2017b). A conferencista i) traça um breve panorama do ensino de gramática à luz das repercussões dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs); ii) explicita sua proposta de ensino de gramática em três eixos; e iii) apresenta resultados de pesquisas produtivas sobre ensino de gramática.
Effect of Surface Chemistry on Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Conformation
Authors: Cheung David
Published: August 2020

The formation of dense, linear protein arrays (fibrils) is the hallmark of a number of degenerativediseases, such as Alzheimer’s and type-2 diabetes. Protein fibrils have also attracted interestas building blocks for new materials. It has long been recognised that surfaces can affect thefibrillation process. Recent work on the model fibril forming protein human islet polypeptide(hIAPP) has shown that while the protein concentration is highest at hydrophobic surfaces, therate of fibril formation is lower than on other surfaces. To understand this, replica exchangemolecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the conformations that hIAPP adopts onsurfaces of di↵erent hydrophobicity. The hydrophobic surface stabilizes ↵-helical structures, whichare quite di↵erent to those found on the hydrophilic surface and in bulk solution. There is alsoa greatly reduced conformational ensemble on the hydrophobic surface, due to long-lived contactsbetween hydrophobic residues on the protein and the surface. This new microscopic informationwill help us determine the mechanism of the enhancement of fibril formation on surfaces.
Simultaneous Suppression of pi- and sigma- Transmission in pi-Conjugated Molecules
Authors: Garner Marc Hamilton , Solomon Gemma C.
Published: August 2020

Molecular dielectric materials require ostensibly conflicting requirements of high polarizability and low conductivity. As previous efforts towards molecular insulators focused on saturated molecules, it remains an open question whether pi- and sigma-transport can be simultaneously suppressed in conjugated systems. Here, we demonstrate that there are conjugated molecules where the sigma-transmission is suppressed by destructive sigma-interference, while the pi-transmission can be suppressed by a localized disruption of conjugation. Using density functional theory, we study the Landauer transmission and ballistic current density, which allow us to determine how the transmission is affected by various structural changes in the molecule. We find that in para-linked oligophenyl rings the sigma-transmission can be suppressed by changing the remaining hydrogens to methyl groups due to the inherent gauche-like structure of the carbon backbone within a benzene ring, similar to what was previously seen in saturated systems. At the same time, the methyl groups fulfil a dual purpose as they modulate the twist angle between neighboring phenyl rings. When neighboring rings are orthogonal to each other, the transmission through both pi- and sigma-systems is effectively suppressed. Alternatively, breaking conjugation in a single phenyl ring by saturating two carbons atoms with two methyl substituents on each carbon, results in suppressed pi- and sigma-transport independent of dihedral angle. These two strategies demonstrate that methyl-substituted oligophenyls are promising candidates for the development of molecular dielectric materials.
Potential Phytopharmaceutical Constituents of Solanum Trilobatum L. as Significant Inhibitors Against COVID-19: Robust-Binding Mode of Inhibition by Molecular Docking, PASS-Aid Bioactivity and ADMET Investigations
Authors: Anandakumar Shanmugam , Kannan Damodharan , Wilson Eugene , Narayanan Kasthuri Bai , Suresh Ganesan , Kanakavalli Kadarkarai , Manoharan Muthu Tamizh
Published: August 2020

The novel coronavirus is better known as COVID–19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona–Virus 2 (SARS–CoV–2) which initially outburst at Wuhan in China on December 2019 and spread very rapidly around the globe. Scientists from the global regions endeavours to still probe for detecting potential treatment and discover effective therapeutic drug candidates for this unabated pandemic. In our article, we reported the molecular docking, bioactivity score, ADME and toxicity prediction of the phytoconstituents of Solanum trilobatum Linn. such as Solanidine, Solasodine and a–Solanine as potential inhibitors against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS–CoV–2 tropism. The molecular docking of Solanidine, Solasodine and a–Solanine has revealed that it bounded deep into the active cavity site on the Mpro. Further, the pharmacodynamics and bioactivity profile has confirmed that the molecules obeyed the Lipinski’s rule and will be used as notably treasured lead drug candidates to pursue further biochemical and cell–based assays to explore its potential against COVID–19 pandemic. Thus, envisioning thought–provoking research certainly provide new leads for the global researchers.
Stacking Effects on Charge Transfer Dynamics in Fluctuating DNA
Authors: Li Zhongwei , Han Keli
Published: August 2020

Base-stacked structure is an important feature of DNA molecules. But dynamics study on the influences of the stacking effects on charge transfer in DNA is yet rare.In this article, a general rule about the relationship of onsite energies of same bases in a stack is derived by H ̈uckel theory. It is found that the base in the middle position of the stack has lower onsite energy than the bases at the terminals due to squeezing effect, which is different from previous studied neighboring base effect. The former is along-range effect while the latter acts in a short range. Semiempirical MNDO calculations on (A:T) n (n=1∼10) systems verfied the H ̈uckel analysis. From this perspective,the so-called incoherent hopping mechanism is actually somewhat coherent due to the squeezing effect. To understand these stacking effects on charge transfer in DNA,a cross-scale method which combines classical MD simulations, quantum mechanism calculations, Marcus electron transfer theory and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations is developed and applied on hole dynamics in (A:T) n (G:C) (n=1∼10) systems. Although no superexchange mechanism is explicitly involved in the studied systems, a crossover from strong to weak distance-dependency of hole arrival rates, which is an experimentally observed property of hole dynamics in DNA and is thought an evidence of the conversion from superexchange to hopping mechanism, also appears. We attribute it to the stacking effects. Such a result provides a new idea on explaining the crossover of different distance-dependencies of charge transfer rates in DNA. In addition, the squeezing effect may be a new driving force for long-range charge transfer. At the same time, some technical methods developed in the dynamics, e.g. calculations of onsite energies and electronic couplings in a stack, and simulated hole dynamics, etc.,can be generalized to other complex molecular systems with charge transfer behaviors.
0D Nanocrystals as Light-Driven, Localized Charge Injection Sources for the Contactless Manipulation of Atomically Thin 2D Materials
Authors: Kriegel Ilka , Ghini Michele , Yanev Emanuil Sashev , Kastl Christoph , Jansons Adam W. , Crockett Brandon M. , Koskela Kristopher M. , Barnard Edward S. , Penzo Erika , Hutchison James Evan , Robinson Joshua. A. , Manna Liberato , Borys Nicholas J. , Schuck P. James
Published: August 2020

We report a new localized and electrodeless charge injection scheme that quasi-permanently modifies monolayer (1L-)MoS2 doping levels to extents competing with electrostatic gating. The key innovation is to use Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) nanocrystals (NCs) as contactless light-driven charge injection sources triggered solely by light. Each nanocrystal can store and transfer multiple charges after ultraviolet illumination within the diffraction limited laser spot. This results in reductions in carrier density in the underlying 1L-MoS2 up to 1×1013 cm-2 and is observed throughout the extent of the 2D material flake. The long-distance charge separation proliferates up to 40 µm away from the localized charge injection and persists over months. The apparent driving force for carrier relocation is the initial inhomogeneous electronic landscape of the 2D material. These studies demonstrate a novel all-optically controlled tool to locally inject carriers with sub-micrometer precision. This new ability allows us to extract important aspects of inhomogeneity in 2D materials undisturbed by bulky electronic contacts and indicates that local 2D material manipulation can serve as a key element for novel nanoscale device design.
Bringing the "Trickster wasp" into the discourse on biotechnological controls of "pest wasps"
Authors: Mercier Ocean
Published: August 2020

No description supplied
معلومات العدد
Authors: Information Issue
Published: August 2020

معلومات العدد
التحديات الأمنية التي تواجه المنافذ الحدودية لانتشار فيروس كرونا (COVID-19): قطاع أمن المطارات نموذجًا
Authors: Abdelhameed Abdelmottlep Mamdooh
Published: August 2020

تشكل حالات الطوارئ الطبية تحديات خاصة لأجهزة الأمن والشرطة وإنفاذ القانون، سواء أكان التهديد من صنع الإنسان (مثل: الجمرة الخبيثة)، أم (الهجمات الإرهابية البيولوجية) أم التي تحدث بشكل طبيعي (مثل: أوبئة الإنفلونزا، أو كورونا)، وتختلف الإستراتيجيات الأمنية لمواجهة تلك الحالات، حسب أسباب ومستويات واتجاهات التهديد، وكذلك طبقًا للخطر المحتمل على قوة الشرطة، وفي حالات انتشار الأوبئة واسعة النطاق، مثل: كورونا COVID-19، سيضطر موظفو الشرطة، إلى موازنة مواردهم وجهودهم بين هذه المسؤوليات الجديدة وبين متطلبات الخدمة اليومية المتعلقة بأمن المجتمع وسلامة أفراده، كما أن قدرة وزارة الداخلية والأجهزة المعنية بالأمن العام، تعتمد على الاستجابة بفاعلية لأي ظرف طارئ يتعلق بالصحة، كما تعتمد إلى حد كبير على استعداد وتخطيط هذه الأجهزة مع شركائها الإستراتيجيين لمواجهة هذه الطوارئ، وتوضح الدراسة الراهنة، القضايا الرئيسة التي يتعين على مسؤولي الشرطة، معالجتها في أعقاب حالات الطوارئ الطبية، وتركز الدراسة على العاملين في أمن المنافذ الحدودية، وقطاع أمن المطارات، وقد أظهرت وجود ثلاثة تحديات تواجهها أجهزة الشرطة في هذا الشأن، التحدي الأول: يتعلق بضمان استمرار العمليات الأمنية لتأمين حركة الطيران، والتحدي الثاني: يتعلق بكيفية المحافظة على سلامة العاملين في أمن المطار، والتحدي الثالث: يتعلق بمشكلة التجمعات المجتمعية التي تتعامل معها أجهزة الشرطة بوصفها مستجيبًا أوليًّا، كالعاملين في المطارات والمنافذ، وقد تعد قضايا السلامة العامة للعاملين في أجهزة الشرطة جديدة نسبيًّا في هذه الحقبة من العمل الأمني، لذلك تتطلب مزيدًا من التنسيق والتعاون بين الأجهزة الأمنية والشرطية المختلفة من ناحية، وبين غيرها من الجهات المعنية بإنفاذ القانون، من ناحية أخرى، ولقد انتهت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات التي تعمل على مواجهة حالات الطوارئ الطبية بما يضمن أمن
الأساس القانوني لإجراءاتِ مكافحة فيروس كورونا (COVID-19) ومواجهة آثارِهِ
Authors: Khalil Ibrahim Issam Ibrahim
Published: August 2020

تناول هذا البحث موضوع الأساس القانوني لإجراءاتِ مكافحة فيروس كورونا COVID-19 ومواجهة آثارِهِ. وقد قسم البحث إلى مبحثين، الأول بعنوان ماهية الظروف الصحية الاستثنائية؛ حيث تبين أن الحق في الصحة يفرض على الحكومات التزامًا بوقاية أفراد المجتمع من الأمراض المعدية. كما أن الأخطار التي خلقها الفيروس تشكل ظروفًا استثنائية صحية؛ ونظرًا لكون الفيروس لا تتوقف آثاره على دولة معينة، بل تتعدى إلى جميع دول العالم، الأمر الذي يفرض على الدول ضرورة التعاون الدولي في مكافحته ومواجهة آثاره. وتناول المبحث الثاني الطبيعة القانونية لإجراءات مكافحة الفيروس ومواجهة آثاره.

وقد انتهى البحث إلى أنه على الحكومات عند إدارة الظروف الاستثنائية الصحية الالتزام بحدود المشروعية الدستورية والقانونية. وهناك طريقان انتهجتهما الدول لمكافحة آثار الفيروس، الأول الحصول على التفويض التشريعي، أو إعلان نظام الظروف الاستثنائية. والثاني تطبيق القوانين العادية، وخاصة قانون الصحة العامة. وقد تبين أن الطريقين صحيحان من الناحية الدستورية والقانونية. ولكن التفويض التشريعي هو أفضل خيار دستوري يساعد الحكومات على الإدارة القانونية للأزمات، ويضفي المشروعية على قراراتها؛ حيث تبين أن بعض القرارات التي اتخذتها الحكومات تحتاج لإصدارها أن يكون لديها سلطات قانونية أكثر، مثل زيادة العقوبات على مخالفي إجراءات الحد من الفيروس عن حدها الوارد بقانون العقوبات أو قانون الصحة العامة.
PERENCANAAN SISTEM MONITORING KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI SECARA ONLINE (monitoring secara online sesuai metode World Meteorological Organization)
Authors: Indriatmoko Robertus Haryoto
Published: August 2020

Penerapan teknologi untuk memantau kualitas air secara online adalah sebuah aplikasi yang menawarkan teknologi canggih untuk mengatasi kelemahan atau kekurangan sistem pemantauan secara manual. Implementasi sistem ini di lapangan akan dapat mengurangi kelemahan dalam memantau kualitas air sungai secara manual dalam: 1). waktu sebenarnya. 2). Posisi sebenarnya 3). cepat. 4). Terus menerus selama 24 jam. 5). Bisa mengukur kualitas air sungai secara bersamaan. 6). secara otomatis. 7). Interaktif. Memiliki sistem pemantauan dengan pemantauan kualitas air seperti kondisi ideal sistem pemantauan. Kehadiran sistem ini dapat memberikan banyak manfaat bagi pembangunan, terutama dalam memberikan peringatan dini terhadap kesejahteraan manusia. Kelebihan sistem yang dirancang didasarkan pada dua bagian yang sangat penting: 1). Perancangan sistem pemantauan (perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras) dan 2). Pemantauan kendaraan (hard ware). Makalah ini ditulis secara khusus untuk membahas disain sisi kedua yang mengambang untuk dipantau, yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan float serta cara memasang sistem di sungai. Dengan menerapkan sistem pemantauan di lapangan diharapkan dapat memperhatikan aspek mutlak pemantauan kualitas air secara online sambil memenuhi metodologi yang tepat dalam melakukan pengambilan sampel kualitas air sungai sesuai dengan Organisasi Meteorologi Dunia.Â kata kunci : WMO, wahana apung, monitoring online, logger, sensorÂ
PENGAMAN LAJU AIR UMPAN UNTUK ARSINUM KAPASITAS 5M3/HARI MENGGUNAKAN PRESSURE SWITCH DAN SELENOID VALVE
Authors: Setiadi Imam
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap air minum yangberkualitas dan kesadaran mengkonsumsi air minum yang sehat, banyak pulateknologi penyediaan air minum yang ditawarkan produsen kepada masyarakat.Mulai dari yang konvensional sampai dengan teknologi modern semuaditawarkan kepada masyarakat. Dari penyaringan biasa sampai denganpenyaringan membrane dengan disain sederhana ataupun dengan disain yangkomplek. Semua menjadi pilihan yang harus disesuaikan dengan kebutuhanmasyarakat. Penyediaan teknologi penyediaan air minum agar dapat beroperasidengan baik harus ada kontrol yang baik sehingga unit mesin penyedia air itudapat bekerja maksimal dan berkesinambungan. Kontrol pengaman aliran airumpan adalah salah satu contoh sistem kontrol pengaman yang dapat diterapkansecara mudah pada unit-unit tersebut dengan jaminan ketersediaan sukucadangnya yang bisa dibeli di kota-kota kecil. Sistem kontrol ini menggunakanpressure switch yang dikombinasikan dengan selenoid valve. Kombinasi inidengan melakukan pengaturan tekanan air akan mengamankan unit pengolahanair minum jadi unit ini tidak akan bekerja apabila tidak ada pasokan air.Kata kunci : air minum, kontrol, pressure swich, solenoid valve
EVALUASI INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (IPAL) GEDUNG PERKANTORAN X DI JAKARTA
Authors: Arifudin Arifudin , Setiyono Setiyono
Published: August 2020

Gedung perkantoran X di Jakarta dalam mengolah air limbah telah memiliki sarana pengolahan air limbah berupa IPAL dengan menggunakan teknologi lumpur aktif dan proses biofilter serta penambahan disinfektan untuk membunuh mikroorganisme. Seiring berjalannya waktu kondisi operasional IPAL kurang optimal dan sudah tidak berfungsi dengan baik sehingga air olahan IPAL tidak memenuhi baku mutu air limbah domestik sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap IPAL yang ada. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah melakukan evaluasi kinerja dari IPAL Gedung Perkantoran X. Dari hasil survei dilapangan menunjukan bahwa beberapa unit operasi IPAL seperti airlive, scum skemer dan media tumbuh mikroorganisme pengurai polutan (sarang tawon) tidak berfungsi dengan baik. Hal ini disebabkan karena media tersebut tersumbat oleh lumpur sehingga sistem tidak beroperasi dengan baik. Berdasarkan hasil analisa dilaboratorium nilai BOD, COD dan jumlah total coliform masih diatas baku mutu air limbah domestik yaitu berturut-turut sebesar 35 mg/L, 103,5 mg/L dan 3 x 107 Jumlah/100 ml Kata Kunci : Limbah domestik, lumpur aktif, biofilter
JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN REHABILITASI LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Tjokrokusumo Donowati
Published: August 2020

Oyster mushroom as a source of nutritious food and medicinal source is known since Chow Dynasti in China.However, its potential for environmental rehabilitation as known as mycorestoration is being investigatedby Paul Stamets in 2005. If oyster mushroom can control the world that could support from the smallestthings as food becoming bigger roles in the future, such as poverty eradication, improving soil fertility, andrehabilitating environmental condition, degrading toxic pollutant, protecting human health from diseases,and helping community to integrate complex waste recycle, so oyster mushroom is emerging as a strongcommodity to improve our welfare. This paper is trying to promote the role of oyster mushroom to provideits strength for both as nutrious food and medicinal source, and also for its ability to restore degraded soilfertility, and improving to remediate contaminated soils. In line with those things, and the most importantfor the people of Indonesia is trying to help increase their income through promoting mushroom cultivation,because Indonesia has a hugh potential for lignocelluslose materials and agricultural waste, and then itsspent mushroom can be used for animal feed and soil amelioration and soil remediation. Based on theStamet investigation this spent mushroom can be used for environmental rehabilitation of toxic pollutantssuch as PCB (Polychlorinated Biphenils), PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon), Azo dyes, and otherpersistent organic pollutants (POPâ€™s).Key words:Â  Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, mycorestoration, soil remediation, environmentalrehabilitation.
KEMAMPUAN DAN KEKUATAN BIOREMEDIASI AGEN HAYATI JAMUR FUNGI PELAPUK PUTIH
Authors: Dkk Donawati
Published: August 2020

Indonesia is a tropical country and the richest country in the world for biodiversity, including fl ora and fauna, invertebrates, phytoplankton, bacteria, and huge number of fungus such as mushrooms, molds, mildews and smuts. White rot fungi is one of the ubiquitous creatures in Indonesia. Results indicated that white rot fungus has ability to degrade successfully some organic pollutansin the environment, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBâ€™s), Trinitrotoluence (TNT), and DDT. This organism has ability to release intra and extra-cellular enzymes. There are three important rules in these degradation processes, called lignin modifi ed enzymes (LMEâ€™s) including Lignin peroxidase, Mn-dependent peroxidase and Laccase. White rot fungi contains all three enzymes and able to breakdown and mineralize several environmental pollutants into non toxic forms. This paper discuss several processes responsible for this degradation.Key words: White rot fungi, bioremediation, lignin modifi ed enzymes, persistent organic pollutants.
PERANCANGAN PENGOLAH LIMBAH CAIR KOMBINASI PROSES KONTAK DAN AEROBIC LAGOON DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL BASIC 6
Authors: Subagyo Heru
Published: August 2020

Application of computer programming is cheaper and faster method to design waste water treatment reactor. The aim of the program are to calculate dimension of unit operation of waste water treatment type contact process, aerobic lagoon and sedimentation pond and to count BOD output from waste water treatment and arrange of unit operation. It uses Computer Language Visual Basic 6.Key words: Contact Proses, Aerated Lagoon, dimension, BOD, computer programming
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DAGING BUAH PALA TUA DI MALUKU
Authors: Dumadi Suryatmi Retno
Published: August 2020

It was until the end of 2007, the meat of nutmeg was abandoned near the trees, in Mollucas Islands, especially in Ambon island and Banda island. The nutmeg meat was considered as waste of nutmeg agribusiness.Â An effort to make the waste become a valuable product had been done. It was used as the raw material of nutmeg syroop which gives added value to nutmeg and benefi t to those who drink it.Â The process and apparatus to make the syroop were simple, it begin with extraction of nutmeg meat, sterilization of the syroop container, mixing the extract with sugar, bottling, labeling. With the ratio of extracted juice to sugar 1:1, the product have good taste and fl avor, which was preferred by panels. The syroop produced contained vitamine C 1,22% and reduced sugar of 25,35%. Financial analysis showed the profi t of this product was Rp.10.000,- per bottle and could be increased by expanding market and production.Keywords : Waste of nutmeg, abandoned, added value, extracted juice, syroop, profi t, market, taste, flavor
MODEL BAROMETER KINERJA PEMERINTAH BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN USAHA (Kasus Kota Bekasi)
Authors: Suharso Puguh
Published: August 2020

Reformation democracy guides Indonesian government in one decade of duration, even a little bit more, and also in that time it brings the autonomy region existent with aims to spread out development. Based on this concept that the justice of development of every region can be achieved no exception, and then Indonesian government is able to be an advanced country. Due to Indonesian wish to be an advanced country, the academic society right now has very critical opinion to discuss on ever any scientifi c meeting about how to measure the achievement of a good government performance. To evaluate government performance, an instrument is needed to measure governmentactivities, which that measurement must be based on the determinant object. In this case that the determinant object is an environment of entrepreneur as indicator of measurement. The output of measurement can be used as well as input to government to make decision, then implication of policy can be made. In order to apply that instrument, so must be taken an sample district ascase i.e â€œPemerintah Kota Bekasiâ€. The conclusion of this assessment are : Public services for permission of trade in Kota Bekasi must be improved. Public services in specifi cally for wealth of intelectual right must be improved(clearly in law). A minimum substance wage of district / region must be improved. Rearrangement to taxation has to soon be done. There is more information about assessments conclusion.Ket words : Model, environment of entrepreneur