bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatio-Temporal Hydro-Meteorological Variability Challenges on Floodplain Wetland Ecosystem Sustainability Downstream of Hydroelectric Dams, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: A Abdulkadir , YM Suleiman , TI Yahaya , M Mohammad , MT Usman , AS Abubakar
Published: April 2023

Hydro-meteorological trend and recurring seasonal flood are fundamental obstacles in the country’s task towards the attainment of food security, diversification of economy, sustainability of the physical environment and socio-economic livelihood. This study utilized rainfall records (1980-2015) and hydrological record (1990-2015). A simple flood monitoring and early warning methodology hinged on an Intra-seasonal Rainfall Monitoring Index (IRMI) to identify and monitor flood condition adopted. The computed Hydro-meteorological variables (IRMI, Gauge Height, Inflow and Discharge) were summarized and classified at pentad level to determine peak flow, its variability and flood risk from low to extremely high. The result revealed spatio-temporal variability in IRMI peak values and consistency peak values across the study area. This triggered high, very high and extremely high inflow values that led to sustained moderate and high discharge in recent times; thus, leading to loss of floodplain wetland that aggravated downstream flood as evident in the study area in the years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 due to steady increase and consistency in IRMI, inflow and discharge peak values. Consequently, there is need to adequately understand the hydro-climatic parameters that trigger flood risk and its impact on sustainability of wetland ecosystems to enhance the knowledge base for effective disaster risk reduction.
Estimation of Suspended Sediment Load in the Ressoul Watershed, Algeria
Authors: Khanchoul Kamel , Khanchoul Skander
Published: April 2023

Sediment load and its response to the variations of the hydrological elements are important to understand the phenomena of erosion. This study was fulfilled with the aim of developing a model to predict sediment load using sediment rating curve for the Ain Berda gauging station. The model was developed based on the available streamflow discharge and suspended sediment concentration data during sampled storm events over 39 year-period in the Ressoul watershed. Relationships between sediment concentration and water discharge were used according to single and rising-falling stage ratings to determine the best model for sediment load prediction. Additionally, a technique was devised to correct for log-transform bias on the sediment rating curves. The mean annual sediment yield during high and medium high flood events was 302 T km-2 yr-1. The high sediment loads in the study basin could be explained by the intensity of rain, the aggressiveness of the flows, the topography and the availability of sediments from hillslopes. The sediment load was dominated by winter and spring seasons accounting for 89% of the annual load. A high sediment supply in winter might confirm the intense geomorphic action caused by high intensity rainfall, low vegetation cover, and heavy machine activity in the agricultural fields. Following watershed management for local communities may bring multiple benefits. The adoption of suitable measures for soil conservation should reduce soil erosion and improve the livelihoods of the inhabitants. This study can serve as a reference for policymakers and planners.
Image Generation Method Based on the Recoverable Byte Sequence using the Neural Networks
Authors: Rudakov I.V. , Filippov M.V. , Kudryavtsev M.A.
Published: April 2023

Due to the rapid development of information technologies, the tasks of ensuring information integrity, safety and confidentiality, as well as the possibility of guaranteed confirmation of its source, are becoming more relevant than ever. One of the possible solutions to this problem could be the steganographic methods, which allow both hiding the fact of information transfer and imperceptibly adding the useful data. Scientific literature describes a large number of steganographic algorithms. However, only insignificant number of works is devoted to the data hiding methods using the neural networks, and even less are devoted to generating containers for them. A method for generating images based on the hidden information is proposed, which guarantees possibility of both hiding and subsequent extraction of information eliminating the need to select an appropriate container. As part of the method, an algorithm was developed that included description of the stages of input data preprocessing, transformation into the container image and extraction of the hidden information. Examples of the proposed method operation are provided. The method could serve both as a steganographic algorithm for hiding information and as the algorithm for adding information in the form of watermarks
Gazeta „Rozwój" (1897—1915). Studium źródłoznawcze
Authors: Chańko Jan
Published: April 2023

Rozprawa niniejsza sianowi opracowanie z zakresu prasoznawstwa jako nauki pomocniczej historii nowożytnej i najnowszej, a jej celem jest charakterystyka przydatności źródłowej łódzkiego dziennika "Rozwój". Właśnie zagadnieniu krytyki prasy jako źródła historycznego jest poświęcona, na przykładzie gazety „Rozwój" niniejsza praca. Pismo to było wydawane w Łodzi od grudnia 1897 r. do 7 XII 1914 r„ pod zmienionymi tytułami do końca stycznia 1915 г., a następnie od grudnia 1918 r. do listopada 1931 r. "Rozwój" był najdłużej ukazującym się polskim dziennikiem w Łodzi do wybuchu I wojny światowej. Literatura dotycząca bezpośrednio dziejów tego wydawnictwa składa się zaledwie z jednego artykułu i jednego przyczynku. Podobnie przedstawia się zresztą sprawa z innymi tytułami wydawanymi w tym mieście; jedynym miejscowym pismem posiadającym opracowanie monograficzne, o charakterze jednak bardziej socjologicznym niż historyczno-prasowym, jest "Dziennik Łódzki” (1884—1892).
Elite strategies and ritual settings in coastal Peru during the lst Millennium B.C.
Authors: Chicoine David
Published: April 2023

En este artículo se consideran las estrategias de la élite en la costa de Perú durante el primer milenio a.c., un período de transformaciones sociopolíticas significativas que se manifiestan a través de la aparición de nuevos patrones de organización comunitaria, arquitectura ritual y cultura material (Burger 1988: 129-131 ; Kembel y Rick 2004:54).
Las ambivalencias de las acciones afirmativas
Authors: Tubino Fidel
Published: April 2023

El presente ensayo está dividido en cinco partes. En primer lugar, analizaré el potencial liberador que contienen las acciones afirmativas más allá de sus realizaciones prácticas. En segundo lugar, con la intención de no caer en generalizaciones arbitrarias y afinar el análisis de este potencial, propondré una diferenciación entre diversos tipos de acciones afirmativas, que van desde las que llamaré acciones afirmativas funcionales hasta las que denominaré acciones afirmativas radicales. En tercer lugar, explicaré a grandes rasgos dos estrategias pedagógicas que – creo– nos permitirían convertir las acciones afirmativas funcionales en acciones afirmativas radicales, a saber, la sensibilización concientizadora y la educación antidiscriminatoria de doble vía. En un cuarto momento, me concentraré en el caso peruano, para lo cual procederé a analizar lo que llamo el mito de la educación superior, que es un fenómeno relativamente reciente que ha venido a sustituir al llamado mito de la escuela y que contextualiza, en parte, el sentido de las acciones afirmativas que se han empezado a aplicar en las universidades públicas del país. Finalmente, inspirándome básicamente en el caso mexicano, propondré algunas pistas que nos ayuden a entender lo que considero es parte esencial de nuestra agenda pendiente, es decir, lo que implica la interculturalización de la universidad en el momento presente.
Investigation of Phosphorus and Potassium Biological Fertilizers on Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Physiological Traits at Different Ages of the Field
Authors: Marani S. , Madani H. , Sharifabad H. Heidari , Manesh Gh. Afshar , Shirzadi M.H.
Published: April 2023

Background: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most productive plant in terms of nitrogen fixation and the suitable amount of protein and carotene has a significant impact on the nutritional quality of alfalfa. Methods: This combined experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during two consecutive years (2019-2020) under the climatic conditions of Jiroft area (Kerman province, Iran). The studied factors included alfalfa age (one, three and five-years old) and bio-fertilizers (Control, Potash-Barvar (KSB), Phosphate Barvar II (PSB), Potash-Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II) (KSB+PSB). The biofertilizers were used along with irrigation water. The studied physiological traits included nitrogen, phosphorus, crude protein, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde (MDA) and sodium amount. Result: The highest amount of crude protein, nitrogen, phosphorus and soluble sugars was observed in three-years old fields under the treatment of bio-fertilizers Potash Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II (KSB+PSB) (37.78%, 9.79%, 0.51% and 324.75% respectively). Unlike other treatments, the highest amount of sodium (0.95%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (83.99 μM g-1FW) was measured for alfalfa in treatment one-years old field under no-fertilizers (control), while the lowest amount of sodium (0.49%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (55.94 μM g-1FW) was observed in treatment five-years old field under bio-fertilizers Potash Barvar + Phosphate Barvar II (KSB+PSB) application.
The Impact of Police Response on Intimate Partner Violence Victims’ Social, Emotional, and Physical Well-Being: Results From the National Crime Victimization Survey
Authors: Gasik Rayna E. , Pearlman Deborah N. , Rosenthal Samantha R. , Dunsiger Shira
Published: April 2023

This study examined whether police involvement in intimate partner violence (IPV) incidents is associated with victims’ socio-emotional problems, and emotional and physical toll symptoms for 1 month or longer post-victimization. Data from the 2010–2019 National Crime Victimization Survey suggest that police investigational effort, later contact with the police, suffering severe injury during victimization, and repeated victimization were positively associated with experiencing socio-emotional problems. Later contact with police and severe injury were positively associated with both emotional and physical toll symptoms, while the female sex was positively associated with emotional toll symptoms. The arrest of the abuser was negatively associated with physical toll symptoms. Findings highlight the need for policies and practices in response to IPV that consider the diverse needs of survivors of partner abuse to help reduce IPV-related trauma.
Dietary selenium peptide supplementation for increasing the growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Muhammad Agus Suprayudi  , Muhammad Roikhan Amanullah  , Dedi Jusadi  , Hasan Nasrullah  , Ahmad Yazid Latif
Published: April 2023

Selenium is an essential micromineral that the body needs in modest amounts (0.2–12 mg/kg), yet it has important effects on the antioxidant defense, immune system, and digestive performance of aquatic species. This study aimed to analyze the growth of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) supplemented with feed additives containing selenium peptide through the coating method on feed. There were four different treatments, namely K (feed without feed additive), and feed with additive supplementation: A (3 g/kg feed), B (6 g/kg feed), and C (9 g/kg feed). A total of 15 catfish at an initial weight of 21.80 ± 0.29 g were reared in a 90×40×45 cm3 aquarium filled with water at a volume of 108 L, for 45 days. Fish were fed three times a day at satiation. Water quality management was carried out by the use of simple filtration in the container and water replacement to ensure optimum water quality values for catfish growth. The results showed that the final biomass of catfish fed with selenium peptide was significantly different (p<0.05) from catfish fed without selenium peptide, with a value of 1147,50 g and 96,67% of survival rate. Based on this study, the best dose of feed additive in catfish feed was 3 g/kg of feed.  
Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, growth, selenium peptide
 
 ABSTRAK
 
Selenium adalah mikromineral esensial yang dibutuhkan tubuh dalam jumlah sedikit (0,2–12 mg/kg), akan tetapi sangat berperan dalam sistem anti-oksidatif, imunitas, dan kinerja pencernaan pada organisme akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) yang ditambahkan dengan feed additive mengandung selenium peptida melalui metode coating pada pakan. Terdapat empat perlakuan berbeda, yaitu K (pakan tanpa selenium peptida), dan pakan dengan suplementasi feed additive: A (3 g/kg pakan), B (6 g/kg pakan), dan C (9 g/kg pakan). Ikan lele ukuran 21,80 ± 0,29 g sebanyak 15 ekor dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 90×40×45 cm3 dengan total volume air 108 L, selama 45 hari. Ikan diberi pakan tiga kali sehari secara at satiation. Pengelolaan kualitas air dilakukan dengan filtrasi sederhana serta penggantian air untuk memastikan kualitas air optimal untuk pertumbuhan ikan lele. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biomassa akhir ikan lele dengan suplementasi selenium peptida pada pakan berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol dengan nilai bobot sebesar 1147,50 g dan kelangsungan hidup 96,67%. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dosis terbaik feed additive yang mengandung selenium peptida adalah 3 g/kg pakan pada ikan lele.
Kata kunci: Clarias gariepinus, pertumbuhan, selenium peptida
Information literacy as social innovation
Authors: Santos Alessandra de Souza , Maia Luiz Cláudio Gomes
Published: April 2023

In contemporary times, the lack of capacity of individuals and communities to analyze and use information critically and to follow the cycles of technological advances results in disadvantage and in the maintenance of hegemonic contexts. This article presents a Systematic Literature Review with the objective of raising whether information literacy has been correlated with social innovation in the literature, to support the assertion that both areas are correlated and can be approached together in interdisciplinary studies, with benefits for the study of the two thematic areas. The results from the search in the Scopus, Web of Science, SAGE Open and Academic Search Premier databases were scarce and suggest that the topic has a potential field of study, which opens space for the suggestion of future research that aim at exploratory, documentary and empirical studies on information literacy to promote social innovation.
Insights into the co-evolution of glioblastoma and associated macrophages
Authors: Eisenbarth David , Wang Y. Alan
Published: April 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most immunosuppressive and heterogeneous tumors with limited treatment options. Most studies relied on treatment-experienced patient samples to elucidate the origins of tumor heterogeneity, introducing bias into the analysis. The analysis of samples from multifocal GBM patients, in which independent lesions arise from the same progenitor and undergo parallel evolution, enables the study of the natural evolution of GBM while removing the effect of therapy on the emergence of heterogeneity. This enables the identification of critical events in the evolution of GBM and the unbiased study of subtype progression, diversity, and invasive potential. The tumor microenvironment of GBM undergoes significant changes throughout tumor progression. Recent studies have highlighted the switch from an abundance of resident microglia-derived macrophages in earlier stages to the prevalence of blood-derived macrophages in later stages of GBM. There is conclusive evidence that these alterations cannot be viewed in isolation and that the tumor microenvironment co-evolves with tumor cells during cancer progression. Together with an increasingly hypoxic environment, this culminates in highly immunosuppressive conditions, resulting in a feedback loop further reinforcing evolutionary changes in the tumor. A new study now provides a unique look at the natural evolution of GBM, identifies critical events in its development, and has the potential to help improve the diagnosis and therapy of this deadly disease.
Hubungan Perubahan Kerapatan Vegetasi dan Bangunan terhadap Suhu Permukaan Lahan: Studi Kasus di Aglomerasi Perkotaan Surakarta
Authors: Wibisono Prasetyo , Miladan Nur , Utomo Rizon Pamardhi
Published: April 2023

Tingginya tingkat urbanisasi pada suatu kota menimbulkan permasalahan yang kompleks, diantaranya meningkatnya aktivitas masyarakat yang berdampak pada berkurangnya lahan vegetasi pada kawasan perkotaan. Seringkali ditemukan bahwa kerapatan vegetasi wilayah suburban lebih tinggi daripada di pusat kota. Dengan demikian, terdapat perbedaan suhu yang cukup signifikan antara wilayah suburban dan pusat kota. Hal tersebut memicu terbentuknya pulau panas di perkotaan atau yang biasa disebut Urban Heat Island (UHI). Salah satu fenomena UHI dapat dilihat di Kota Surakarta. Peningkatan perubahan tutupan lahan terbangun dan peningkatan konsentrasi aktivitas masyarakat di Kota Surakarta dapat memicu peningkatan suhu permukaan kota. Bertolak pada masalah tersebut penelitian ini berupaya mengetahui hubungan perubahan kerapatan vegetasi dan bangunan di aglomerasi perkotaan Surakarta terhadap suhu permukaan lahan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam rentang waktu 2000-2021, kerapatan vegetasi mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya. Berbeda dengan kerapatan vegetasi, kerapatan bangunan pada kawasan penelitian mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Perubahan kerapatan vegetasi dan bangunan juga diikuti terjadinya peningkatan suhu sebesar 4,24°C. Hal tersebut terjadi akibat peningkatan lahan terbangun tiap tahunnya yang tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatan lahan bervegetasi sebagai peneduh dalam wilayah perkotaan. Berdasarkan analisis regresi linear berganda, diketahui bahwa adanya perubahan kerapatan vegetasi dan bangunan memiliki hubungan sedang terhadap terjadinya perubahan suhu permukaan dengan pengaruh sebesar 30,2%. Berdasarkan uji T parsial, diketahui bahwa perubahan kerapatan vegetasi dan kerapatan bangunan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap perubahan suhu permukaan secara terpisah.
Kajian Aksesibilitas dan Konektivitas Stasiun Transit KRL Manggarai dan Depok terhadap Jalur KRL Regional Jakarta-Depok
Authors: Pelawi Adjrina Fildzah , Rahayu Paramita , Mukaromah Hakimatul
Published: April 2023

Masifnya pergerakan akibat fenomena urbanisasi pada kawasan perkotaan Jabodetabek memicu peningkatan permintaan terhadap jaringan transportasi. Permintaan akan jaringan dan moda transportasi kemudian membentuk koridor perkotaan, termasuk Jakarta-Depok. Berbagai jaringan dan moda transportasi saling terhubung melalui jaringan transportasi lokal yang berkembang. Salah satunya adalah Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) jalur Manggarai-Depok yang memiliki aktivitas komuter yang tinggi. Keberadaan stasiun transit membutuhkan adanya konektivitas dan aksesibilitas lokal yang baik. Jalur Manggarai-Depok dipilih berdasarkan tingginya jumlah penumpang serta status stasiun yang merupakan stasiun kereta kelas besar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, studi literatur, dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan adalah teknik analisis spasial deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada kajian terhadap tingkat aksesibilitas dan konektivitas kawasan stasiun transit ke titik stasiun sebagai bagian dari jalur transportasi regional KRL Jakarta-Depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas jaringan jalan lokal pada area delineasi dengan radius 800 m dari stasiun sangat tinggi. Sementara itu, jaringan jalan primer yang berupa jalan arteri sekunder memiliki nilai yang tinggi untuk Stasiun Manggarai dan memiliki nilai aksesibilitas sedang untuk Stasiun Depok. Konektivitas yang menghubungkan kawasan delineasi dengan berbagai pusat kegiatan perkotaan pada kawasan yang lebih luas memiliki nilai sangat baik. Dapat dikatakan kedua stasiun transit terhubung dengan baik, baik secara lokal maupun dengan kawasan perkotaan yang lebih luas. Oleh karena itu, aksesibilitas dan konektivitas Stasiun Manggarai dan  Stasiun Depok mampu mendukung pergerakan regional pada koridor perkotaan Jakarta-Depok.
Pemanfaatan Ruang Publik Kawasan Kuliner sebagai Destinasi Wisata di Kota Padang Panjang, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Fadhila Nadhifa , Aliyah Istijabatul , Permana Chrisna Trie Hadi
Published: April 2023

Seiring dengan bertambahnya kebutuhan hidup manusia, kebutuhan ruang untuk melayani aktivitas manusia sehari-hari semakin meningkat. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut, masyarakat dituntut inovatif memanfaatkan ruang. Salah satunya adalah dengan memanfaatkan ruang publik sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner. Namun, pemanfaatan ruang publik tersebut dapat menimbulkan beberapa masalah seperti meningkatnya kemacetan kawasan serta masalah kebersihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kondisi eksisting pemanfaatan ruang publik sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner di Kawasan Kuliner Kota Padang Panjang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Proses identifikasi kondisi eksisting pemanfaatan ruang publik sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner di kawasan kuliner kota dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi terhadap kondisi fisik ruang publik, kebutuhan wisatawan dan masyarakat setempat, kebijakan dan regulasi yang berlaku, serta hal-hal yang terkait dengan iklim sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan ruang publik sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner di Kawasan Kuliner Kota Padang Panjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ruang publik yang dimanfaatkan sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner di kawasan kuliner kota memiliki desain, bentuk, dan aktivitas beragam. Kawasan kuliner memiliki desain ruang publik tertutup, ruang publik terbuka, dan ruang publik semi terbuka. Desain ruang publik tersebut memiliki dua yaitu persegi (square) dan memanjang (linier). Dengan adanya ruang publik tersebut, masyarakat memiliki keragaman aktivitas, baik aktivitas utama maupun aktivitas kuliner yang ada di kawasan kuliner. Selain itu, kawasan kuliner memiliki desain yang unik dan menarik, keragaman kuliner, hingga lingkungan yang menarik sehingga memiliki daya tarik wisata bagi para wisatawan serta dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat setempat.
Developing Android Based My Science App Learning Media with a SETS Approach on The Topic of the Solar System in Elementary Schools
Authors: Sari Fita Permata , Budhiman Arief , Prasetyo Herry
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to develop an android-based My Science App learning media with the Science, Environment, Technology, and Society (SETS) approach for elementary school students on the solar system. The subject in this study were 23 sixth-grade students of SD Negeri Salebu 03 Majenang. This type of research is Research and Development. The initial stage of the study was observing the learning media used in learning, then developing the design and producing the android-based My Science App learning media with the SETS approach. The resulting learning media can help students understand learning material. The results of the feasibility assessment of learning media by media experts obtained 93.75% with very feasible criteria, and the evaluation by content experts got 96.25% with very feasible criteria. This research produces appropriate learning media for solar system topics.
Exploration of Conceptual Understanding of Science Teachers and Students: Gap Conception of Current, Voltage in Indonesia
Authors: Tawil Muh. , Said Muhammad Amin , Suryansari Kemala
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to analyze the gap between the concepts of current and voltage between junior high school students and teachers in Indonesia. The number of samples was 720 students, class X, and 527 teachers who were selected by purposive sampling diagnostic test current, mains voltage, 30 question items valid and reliable. The results show that even with a simple circuit (one or two lamps and a battery), there are still gaps in the conception of current and voltage; if the circuit is more complicated, There will be many gaps in conception, namely: (1) consumption model, (2) local reasoning, (3) voltage source is seen as a constant current source rather than a fixed voltage source, (4) voltage difference, (5) series and parallel terms, (6) source electrons, (7) power consumption, (8) guess the answer choices, (9) the explanation does not match the correct choice.
Long-Term Radiographic and Pulmonary Function Outcomes After Dual Growing-Rod Treatment for Severe Early-Onset Scoliosis
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Hai Yong , Kang Nan , Yang Jincai , Su Qingjun , Liu Yuzeng , Guan Li , Meng Xianglong
Published: April 2023

Background:

We evaluated long-term outcomes (radiographic parameters and pulmonary function) at a minimum follow-up of 5 years after use of dual growing rods (DGRs) to treat severe early-onset scoliosis (sEOS).

Methods:

Among a total of 112 patients who were diagnosed with early-onset scoliosis (EOS) and were treated with DGRs between 2006 and 2015, 52 patients had sEOS, with a major Cobb angle of >80°. Of these patients, 39 with a minimum follow-up of 5 years had complete radiographic and pulmonary function test results and were included. The Cobb angle of the major curve, T1-S1 height, T1-T12 height, and maximum kyphosis angle in the sagittal plane were measured on radiographs. Pulmonary function test results were collected in all patients before the initial operation (preoperatively), 12 months after the initial operation (postoperatively), and at the last follow-up. The changes in pulmonary function and complications during treatment were analyzed.

Results:

The mean age of patients before the initial operation was 7.7 ± 1.2 years, and the mean follow-up period was 75.0 ± 14.1 months. The mean number of lengthenings was 4.5 ± 1.3, and the mean interval between lengthenings was 11.2 ± 2.1 months. The Cobb angle improved from 104.5° ± 18.2° preoperatively to 38.1° ± 10.1° after the initial surgical procedure (postoperatively) and 21.9° ± 8.6° at the final follow-up. The T1-S1 height increased from 25.1 ± 4.0 cm preoperatively to 32.4 ± 3.5 cm postoperatively and to 39.5 ± 4.0 cm at the final follow-up. However, no significant difference was detected between the increased pulmonary function parameters at 1 year and those before the operation (p > 0.05), except for residual volume, whereas pulmonary function parameters had significantly increased at the final follow-up (p < 0.05). During the treatment period, 17 complications occurred in 12 patients.

Conclusions:

DGRs are effective in treating sEOS in the long term. They allow longitudinal growth of the spine, and the correction of the spinal deformity can provide conditions that make improving pulmonary function possible in patients with sEOS.

Level of Evidence:

TherapeuticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Identity Of Loyalty To The Surabaya Hero Museum In East Java
Authors: Himawan Sardju  , Indrianawati Usman  , Sri Wahyuni Astuti
Published: April 2023

This research is to look for the influence of loyalty identity in the form of perceived value, experience quality and patriotism in museums that have historical value in Surabaya, East Java. The number of respondents was 160 respondents where respondents before visiting the museum had obtained information through social media. The results of data processing show that all the influence tests are said to be significant, both direct and indirect influence tests. The existence of significant influence test results can be stated that the predictor variable of loyalty can be a good antecedent because it is important to be input for the tourism industry which focuses on historical museums, so that managerial implications can help how to manage and provide satisfaction to visitors so that visitors besides feel the good atmosphere, also get the experience and desire to revisit.
Keywords: loyalty, patriotism, perceived value, experience quality
Impaired Immunosuppressive Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes on T cells in Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Wang Shichong , Huo Jiali , Liu Yilin , Chen Lingyun , Ren Xiang , Li Xingxin , Wang Min , Jin Peng , Huang Jinbo , Nie Neng , Zhang Jing , Shao Yingqi , Ge Meili , Zheng Yizhou
Published: April 2023

Background: Previous studies haveverified the dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for immunoregulation in acquired aplastic anemia (AA) patients. Exosomes derived from MSCs can partially substitute MSCs acting as immune regulator. Dysfunction of exosomes (Exos)derived from AA-MSC (AA-Exos) may play a key role in immunologic dissonance.
Method: In this study, CD3+ T cells were collected and cocultured with AA-Exos and exosomes derived from MSC of healthy donors(HD-Exos). The proliferation, differentiation and activation of CD3+ T cells were detected to compare the immunosuppressive effects between AA-Exos and HD-Exos. An immune-mediated murine model of AA was structured to compare the therapeutic effect of AA-Exos and HD-Exos. Furthermore, total RNA including miRNA from exosomes we purified and total RNA of CD3+ T cells were extracted for RNA-seq in order to construct the miRNA–mRNA network for interactions and functional analysis.
Results: AA-Exos had impaired inhibition effects on CD3+ T cells in terms of cell proliferation, activation and differentiation compared with exosomes from HD-Exos. HD-Exos other than AA-Exos can rescued the AA mice. Importantly, we found some differentially expressed miRNA involved in immune response, such as miR-199, miR-128 and miR-486. The Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed involvement of various cellular processes, such as lymphocyte chemotaxis, lymphocyte migration and response to interferon-gamma, etc. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis illustrated upregulation of critical pathways associated with T cell function after co-culturing with AA-Exos compared with HD-Exos, such as graft-versus-host disease, Th17 cell differentiation, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway, A miRNA–mRNA network was established to visualize the interaction between them.
Conclusion: In summary, AA-Exos had impaired immunosuppressive effect on T cells, less ability to rescue AA mice and differently expressed miRNA profile, which might partly account for the pathogenesis of AA as well as provide a new target of AA treatment.
HIV-1 subtype B Tat enhances NOTCH3 signaling in astrocytes to mediate oxidative stress, inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Gao Lin , Sun Weixi , Zhang Dongmei , Shang Yanxing , Li Li , Tao Wenhua , Zhang Lei , Liu Hongbin
Published: April 2023

NOTCH receptors are relevant tomultiple neurodegenerative diseases. However, the roles and mechanisms of NOTCH receptors in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remain largely unclear. Transactivator of transcription (Tat) induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response in astrocytes, thereby leading to neuronal apoptosis in the central nervous system. We determined that NOTCH3 expression was upregulated during Tat expression in HEB astroglial cells. Moreover, subtype B Tat, rather than subtype C Tat interacted with the extracellular domain of NOTCH3 receptor, thus activating NOTCH3 signaling. Downregulation of NOTCH3 attenuated Tat-induced oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, we demonstrated that NOTCH3 signaling facilitated Tat-activated NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby mediating pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α production. Furthermore, downregulation of NOTCH3 in HEB astroglial cells protected SH-SY5Y neuronal cells from astrocytes-mediated Tat neurotoxicity. Taken together, our study clarifies the potential role of NOTCH3 in Tat-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in astrocytes, which could be a novel therapeutic target for relief of HAND.
The expression of proinflammatory cytokine and proinsulin by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells for fracture healing in long term diabetic mice
Authors: Fujikawa Hitomi , Kojima Hideto , Terashima Tomoya , Katagi Miwako , Yayama Takafumi , Kumagai Kosuke , Mori Kanji , Saito Hideki , Imai Shinji
Published: April 2023

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes bone dysfunction due to poor bone quality and leads to severe deterioration of quality of life. The mechanisms of bone metabolism in DM remain unclear, although chemical and/or mechanical factors are known to disrupt the homeostasis of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The purpose of this study was to identify the biochemical characteristics of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, using a mouse fracture model of long-term hyperglycemia (LT-HG).Methods C57BL/6J mice and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive bone marrow transplanted C57BL/6J mice with LT-HG in which hyperglycemia was maintained for 2 months were used in this study. After the experimental fracture, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of proinsulin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α at the fracture site. C57BL/6J fracture model mice without hyperglycemia were used as the control sample.Results In the LT-HG mice, osteoblasts showed an irregular arrangement at the fracture site. The osteoclasts were scattered with a decrement in the number of nuclei. The positive expression of proinsulin was seen in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with neovascularization 2 and 3 weeks after fracture. Immunopositivity for TNF-α was seen in immature chondrocytes or MSCs with neovascularization at 2 weeks, and the number of positive cells was not decreased at 3 weeks. Examination of GFP-grafted hyperglycemic mice showed that the majority of cells at the fracture site were GFP-positive. Immunohistochemistry showed that the rate of double positives was 15% for GFP and proinsulin and 47% for GFP and TNF-α.Conclusion LT-HG induced an increase in the number of proinsulin and TNF-α positive cells derived from systemic bone marrow cells. The proinsulin and TNF-α positive cells cause both bone formation and bone resorption, and they suppress inflammatory cytokines and impair glucose metabolism.
Analysis of the relationship between EEG burst suppression and poor prognosis in children under general anaesthesia: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, pragmatic clinical trial
Authors: XU QIAN , Zhang Jianmin , Gao Zhengzheng , li shanshan , Li Gan
Published: April 2023

Background: Emergence delirium (ED) in children refers to the immediate postoperative period when children experience decreased perception of their surroundings, accompanied by disorientation and altered perception. Burst suppression (BS) is an electroencephalographic state associated with profound inactivation of the brain. Our primary objective was to determine the association between BS on electroencephalogram (EEG) under general anaesthesia with postoperative wake-up delirium and multiple adverse outcomes, such as prolonged awakening and extubation.
Methods: In this prospective, observational cohort study at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, children aged 6 months to 9 years who underwent surgery under general anaesthesia and underwent EEG monitoring between January 2022 and January 2023 were included. Patients' prefrontal EEGs were recorded intraoperatively as well as analysed for the occurrence and duration of BS and scored postoperatively for delirium by the PAED scale, with a score of no less than 10 considered as having developed wake-up delirium.
Discussion: This study identified a relationship between EEG BS and postoperative awakening delirium under general anaesthesia in children and provides a novel preventive strategy for postoperative awakening delirium and multiple adverse outcomes in paediatric patients.
Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200055256. Registered on January 5, 2022
Dynamic alterations in metabolomics and transcriptomics associated with intestinal fibrosis in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine model
Authors: Wu Jinzhen , Tian Zhenyi , Zhuang Xiaoduan , Chen Riyu , Fan Tingting , Li Jiayun , Wang Xinying
Published: April 2023

Background & aims:Intestinal fibrosis is a common and severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease without clear pathogenesis. Abnormal expression of host genes and metabolic perturbations might associate with the onset of intestinal fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the development of intestinal fibrosis and the dynamic alterations in both fecal metabolites and host gene expression.Methods:We induced intestinal fibrosis in a murine model using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). TNBS-treated or control mice were sacrificed after 4 and 6 weeks of intervention; alterations incolonic genes and fecal metabolites were determined by transcriptomics and metabolomics, respectively. Differential, tendency, enrichment, and correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between host genes and fecal metabolites.Results:RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that 679 differential genes with enduring changes were mainly enriched in immune response-related signaling pathways and metabolism-related biological processes. Among them, 15 lipid metabolism-related genes were closely related to the development of intestinal fibrosis. Moreover, the fecal metabolic profile was significantly altered during intestinal fibrosis development, especially the lipid metabolites. Particularly, dynamic perturbations in lipids were strongly associated with alterations in lipid metabolism-related genes expression. Additionally, six dynamically altered metabolites might serve as biomarkers to identify colitis-related intestinal fibrosis in the murine model.Conclusions:Intestinal fibrosis in colitis mice might be related to dynamic changes in gene expression and metabolites. These findings could provide new insights into the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis.
Surface modification of TiO2 with a less expensive metal (iron) to exploit solar energy in photocatalysis: An ecological and economical solution
Authors: Amiri Rania , Bourezgui Aymen , Djeridi Wahid , Dappozze Frederic , Houas Ammar , Guillard Chantal , Elsellami Leila
Published: April 2023

To degrade the tryptophan molecule through photocatalysis, the exploitation of solar energy in the present study necessitated the use of visible light active photocatalysts. Iron-transition metal nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of TiO2 powders through an impregnation method to obtain X%Fe-TiO2 for the purpose of improving the optical absorption of TiO2 in the visible light region. The effects of iron percentage (X%: 2,4 and 5), iron oxidation state and pH on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 modified under solar irradiation were thoroughly studied. The characterization results by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) indicate that iron nanoparticles were successfully fixed on the TiO2 surface. The absorption wavelengths of all X%Fe-TiO2 photocatalysts shifted towards the visible, confirming successful modification of the TiO2 surface with iron. Based on the empirical results, X%Fe-TiO2 nanomaterials demonstrate a higher activity compared with the unmodified TiO2 under solar irradiation. The 4%Fe(III)-TiO2 photocatalyst, in particular, displayed the highest photocatalytic activity at natural pH. The degradation was complete in 60 min. Therefore, it is interesting to note that iron had more functions and benefits than noble metals. The mechanism of the Fe-TiO2 system has been proposed in detail.
Different clinical phenotypes of AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD in two first degree relatives.
Authors: Ssemmanda Salvatore , Musubire Abdu Kisekka
Published: April 2023

Background: Aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG)–positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has not been reported in members of the same family in Sub Saharan Africa. We report the uncommon scenario in which a Ugandan middle aged HIV positive woman was diagnosed with AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD presenting with severe longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis one year after her HIV negative daughter had been diagnosed with AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD presenting with asymmetric bilateral moderately severe optic neuritis. We discuss pathogenic mechanisms that may underlie familial presentation of AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD.Case Presentation: Case 1 a 54-year-old female teacher with a 20-year history of HIV infection, who was virally suppressed on Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Dolutegravir-HAART regimen and presented with 8 months of progressive quadriparesis and urinary incontinence with a T6 sensory level. She had gadolinium enhancing longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis on MRI and was AQP4-IgG positive on serum studies. She received IV Methylprednisone 1g daily for 3 days as a pulse and was continued on tapering doses of oral Prednisone with maintenance doses of Azathioprine. She showed slow improvements in limb motor function. Her daughter, case 2, is a 35-year-old HIV negative nutritionist, independently ambulant, with no known comorbidities or precedent autoimmune disease. She presented 1 year before her mother's AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD diagnosis with 7 months history of bilateral visual loss of rapid onset, with gadolinium-enhancing optic nerves on Brain and orbit MRI, in keeping with bilateral optic neuritis. She was AQP4-IgG positive on serum studies. She stabilized on tapered doses of oral Prednisone and continues daily oral Azathioprine with moderate improvement in her vision and no further relapses.Conclusions: We add to existing literature and hypothesize that NMOSD appears to show a complex genetic background. To our knowledge, this is the first report in Sub-Saharan Africa, of familial AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD presenting with clinical heterogeneity between first degree relatives. A better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved, including genome wide studies for particular risk loci for familial NMOSD, will be pivotal for future preventative and therapeutic strategies.
NHC-Catalyzed Enantioselective Access to β-Nitrile Carboxylic Esters via In Situ Substrate Alternation and Release
Authors: Chi Yonggui Robin , Wang Qingyun , Wu Shuquan , Zou Juan , Liang Xuyang , Mou Chengli , Zheng Pengcheng
Published: April 2023

A carbene-catalyzed asymmetric access to chiral β-nitrile carboxylic esters is disclosed. The reaction proceeds between β,β-disubstituted enals and aromatic thiols involving enantioselective protonation of the enal β-carbon atoms. Two main factors contribute to the success of this reaction. One involves in situ ultrafast addition of the aromatic thiol substrates to the carbon-carbon double bond of the enal substrate. This reaction converts nearly all the enal substrate to a Thiol-click Intermediate, which dramatically reduces the concentration of the aromatic thiol substrates and suppresses the homo-coupling reaction of enals. Another factor is an in situ facile release of the enal substrate from the Thiol-click Intermediate for the desired reaction to proceed effectively. The optically enriched β-nitrile carboxylic esters from our method can be readily transformed to medicines that include γ-aminobutyric acids derivatives such as Rolipram, Phenibut and Baclofen. In addition to synthetic utilities, our control of reaction outcomes via in situ substrate modulation and release can likely inspire future reaction development.
An explication of the 800-day COVID-19 pandemic spread behaviour of seven countries from different continents and the world total in a non-linear time series framework
Authors: TATLIPINAR HASAN , KAVAL Mesut
Published: April 2023

The time series consisting of 800-day COVID-19 spread data from USA, Germany, Brazil, India, Japan, Egypt, Turkey, and world total taken from the Our World in Data database, was analysed within the framework of non-linear time series. Correlogram diagrams, Fourier power spectra and Lyapunov exponents were examined for each series and it was seen that they did not behave linearly. For these non-linear time series, the lag time and embedded dimension were calculated and 3-dimensional phase spaces for each case were constructed. By examining the constructed phase space profiles, the spread dynamics of COVID-19 in each country and the world total is discussed comparatively. As a result of the phase space analysis, it was seen that the spread of COVID-19 was complex and three different complex behaviour patterns emerged according to the examined countries. This behavioral decomposition was also seen in the correlogram diagrams of the countries, the Fourier power spectrum and the Lyapunov exponents. The nonlinear time series method we used will contribute to the understanding of the qualitative characteristics of the complex behaviour of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Detection-driven 3D Masking for Efficient Object Grasping
Authors: LI LULU , CHEROUAT Abel , SNOUSSI Hichem , HU Ronghua , WANG Tian
Published: April 2023

Robotic arms are currently in the spotlight of the industry of future, but their efficiency faces huge challenges. The efficient grasping of the robotic arm, replacing human work, requires visual support. In this paper, we first propose to augment end-to-end deep learning gasping with a object detection model in order to improve the efficiency of grasp pose prediction. The accurate positon of the object is difficult to obtain in the depth image due to the absent of the label in point cloud in an open environment. In our work, the detection information is fused with the depth image to obtain accurate 3D mask of the point cloud, guiding the classical GraspNet to generate more accurate grippers. The detection-driven 3D mask method allows also to design a priority scheme increasing the adaptability of grasping scenarios. The proposed grasping method is validated on multiple benchmark datasets achieving state-of-the-art performances.
A synergy between sustainable solid waste management and the circular economy in Tanzania cities: a case of scrap metals trade in Arusha city
Authors: Onesmo Clashon
Published: April 2023

The increased demand for secondary materials, particularly scrap metals, in cities due to development activities in both emerging economies and developing countries has increased the demand for recycling materials. It accelerated the growth of the circular economy and climate-smart development. This paper investigated the synergy between sustainable solid waste management and the circular economy in Tanzanian cities by examining the scrap business’s categories, quantity, market, and nature and the scrap business’s environmental benefits in Arusha. The study found that iron steel, cast iron, and aluminum were the most common scrap metal recovered and traded in Arusha. Offices and institutions, households, and garages were the primary sources of scraps. Over 314 tonnes of scrap metal were traded monthly in the city. The scrap business helped the steel industries save 300 tons of iron ore, 164 tons of coal, and 64 tons of bauxite while lowering their monthly energy consumption by 56%. Scrap metal trade contributes significantly to recycling, climate-smart, circular economy, and improving livelihoods. As a result, we call for a synchronized sustainable development and solid waste management system that connects product design, development manufacturing, and end-of-life products to improve the circular economy.