bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CDH1 mutations in gastric cancers are not influenced by family history
Authors: Choi Sangjoon , Jang Jiryeon , Heo You Jeong , Kang So Young , Kim Seung Tae , Lee Jeeyun , Kang Won Ki , Kim Jong-Won , Kim Kyoung-Mee
Published: February 2020

Background: CDH1 mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (GC) and early onset diffuse GC patients. However, the incidence of CDH1 mutations in sporadic GC with or without family history has not been studied. Methods: This retrospective study includes a total of 993 Korean patients with primary advanced GC who underwent surgery and received palliative chemotherapy. Targeted deep sequencing was performed in all cases and family history of GC was searched with survival analysis. Results: We found CDH1 alterations in 146 of 993 patients (14.7%) and 8 were germline (0.8%). Out of 146 patients with CDH1 mutations, 25 (17.1%) had a family history of GC in one of their first relatives, and 12 patients (8.2%) were diagnosed with familial GC (FGC). All cases with FGC were diffuse type by Lauren classification, and only one harbored a previously reported germline mutation of CDH1 (c.2638G>A) and the remaining 11 harbored known somatic CDH1 mutations. Among all patients with CDH1 mutation, there was no significant survival difference between patients with family history or FGC. In the 847 patients without CDH1 mutation, 189 (22.3 %) had a family history of GC and 92 patients (10.9%) were FGC. CDH1 mutations were more frequent in patients with early onset (<45 years) GC (45.5%) compared with patients with late onset GC (10.9%) (p = 0.001), but were not significantly associated with the family history of GC (p > 0.05). Conclusions: CDH1 mutations are mostly somatic and typically are not associated with family history.
Meta-Analysis on Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Different Treatment Methods on Multiple Rib Fractures
Authors: Zhang Hao , Feng Ting , Pei Jie zhi
Published: February 2020

Objective The treatment of multiple rib fractures is worthy of consideration. A Meta-analysis on the surgical and conservative treatment of multiple rib fractures was carried out in this paper to explore the curative effect of these methods and provide some medical evidence. Methods Articles about randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the surgical and conservative treatment of multiple rib fractures were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases, and were screened then to extract the data. The results were displayed by forest plots. Results This study included 5 articles and 337 cases which were divided into the surgical group (161 cases) and conservative group (176 cases). The Meta-analysis showed that differences between the two groups in respirator support time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay time, length of stay, and the incidence of pulmonary infection, chest wall deformity, chest tightness and breathlessness on exertion were statistically significant, and the differences between the two groups in the rate of tracheotomy and in-hospital mortality were not statistically significant. Conclusion The surgical treatment of multiple rib fractures can shorten the respirator support time, ICU stay time and length of stay, and reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection and chest disability, but this should be verified further by more randomized controlled trials. Key words: rib fractures; flail chest; surgical intervention; conservative treatment; Meta-analysis
Association between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival after curative resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yan Fang , Chen Gang , Xie Jingdun , Zhou Huaqiang , Xing Wei , Li Qiang , Zeng Weian , Chen Dongtai
Published: February 2020

Background: Few studies have suggested the correlation between intraoperative dexamethasone and oncological outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with radical resection. The existing data are inconsistent and inadequate, and more evidence is needed. We therefore undertook a propensity-matched cohort study to investigate the correlation.

Methods: 832 patients with stage I to IIIa NSCLC who went through a curative resection between January 2008 and December 2013 were enrolled in our study. Propensity-score matching analysis created a population of 206 patients in the non-DEX group and 103 patients in the DEX group. Cox regression analyses were applied to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients who did not and did receive dexamethasone in the propensity score-matched cohort, as well as in the certain patients with high-risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Results: After propensity score matching, intraoperative dexamethasone was not significantly associated with DFS (HR: 1.014, 95%CI: 0.786-1.309, P = 0.913) and OS (HR: 1.221, 95%CI: 0.905-1.647, P = 0.191). Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed that intraoperative dexamethasone was not still associated with DFS and OS after curative resection for NSCLC. In the subgroup analysis, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with improved DFS (HR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.04-0.92, P = 0.038) in the group of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. In the subgroup of VATS, intraoperative dexamethasone was significantly associated with prolonged OS (HR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.30-0.92, P = 0.023).

Conclusion: There was no correlation between intraoperative administration of dexamethasone and survival in NSCLC patients after curative surgery. While patients given intraoperative dexamethasone had better disease-free survival compared with patients not given intraoperative dexamethasone in the subgroup of anesthetic time less than 2 hours. Intraoperative administration of dexamethasone may improve overall survival in the subgroup of VATS. Our results indicate that intraoperative administration of dexamethasone is probably favorable in the aforementioned populations.
Registration of Rectal Cancer-Related Clinical Trials on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry over past decades
Authors: Hu Jun-hong , Zhou Shi-Can , Zhang Quan , Li Xing- Wang , Wang Chen-Yu , Zhang Jun-Jie , Ge Zheng
Published: February 2020

Background This study investigated and analyzed rectal cancer-related clinical trials registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chi-CTR) by the end of 2018. We aimed to discuss the characteristics and developmental trends. Methods The Chi-CTR database was searched and all clinical trials related to rectal cancer extracted. The time limit for the search was from the establishment of the data library to December 31, 2018. The characteristics of registered clinical trials were then analyzed. Results A total of 70 clinical trials were retreived. Beijing, Shandong, and Guangzhou accounted for 47.1% of the total number of registered clinical trials. Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen Universities having the highest number of registrations. The registration status of the 55 trials was prospective registration. The top sources of funding were self-financing (41.4%), hospital funding (22.9%) and local finance (15.7%). Out of the 43 randomized controlled trials, 39 were either blank or missing in the blinded section. The sample size of clinical trials was high in 100 to 199 cases. Only eight of the 70 trials were multicenter clinical trials. Conclusions Relevant departments should increase the registration of clinical trials, increase the awareness of registration, and promote the development of high-quality clinical trials. At the same time, researchers should raise the awareness of clinical trial registration, and actively carry out multi-center clinical trials.
Nocebo effects and participant information leaflets: evaluating information provided on adverse effects in UK clinical trials
Authors: Kirby Nigel , Shepherd Victoria , Howick Jeremy , Betteridge Sophie , Hood Kerenza
Published: February 2020

Background Nocebo effects (‘negative placebo’ effects) experienced by clinical trial participants can arise from an underlying condition or through communication about side effects in the participant information leaflets (or elsewhere). However, little is known about how information on potential side effects is provided to trial participants. In this study we aimed to increase the evidence-base in this area by identifying the way in which potential side effects from investigational medicinal products used in trials are presented in written information to potential participants. Methods Trials were identified from the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number (ISRCTN) clinical trial registry. Eligible studies were placebo controlled clinical trials of investigational medicinal products (IMP) in adults conducted in the UK in three targeted clinical areas (cancer, musculoskeletal conditions and mental and behavioural disorders). Ongoing and recently completed (within three years) trials were included. We assessed readability using the Flesch Reading Ease scale, Gunning-Fog Index and Flesch-Kincaid Grade. Data extracted from the PILs were divided into 8 predefined qualitative themes for analysis in NVivo11. Results PILs from 33 studies were included. Most of the patient information leaflets were ranked as ‘fairly easy to read’ or ‘difficult to read’ according to the Flesch Reading Ease scale. All studies presented information about adverse events, whereas only a third presented information about intervention benefits. Where intervention or study benefits were presented, they were usually after adverse events (21/33 64%). Discussion Participant information leaflets scored poorly on ease of readability and had more content relating to adverse effects than any potential beneficial effects. The way in which adverse events were presented was heterogeneous in terms of their likelihood and severity and the amount and level of detail provided. In comparison to the adverse effects, potential benefits from the intervention and/or study were described less often and by shorter text. Participants were commonly presented with adverse effects ahead of any potential benefits.
Primary small intestinal epithelioid angiosarcoma: a potential diagnostic pitfall due to abnormal expression of cytokeratin
Authors: yuanyuan wen , Fang Sangao , Zheng Zhen , Qian Liyong , jianguo wei
Published: February 2020

Background: Primary small intestinal epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS) is a very rare tumor, which originates from endothelial cell with high mortality. Only 66 cases of small intestinal angiosarcoma including primary or metastatic were reported in the current literature. Histologically, hemangiosarcoma with epithelioid cell morphology is more rare, so we report a case of EAS which is easily misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated carcinoma. We also reviewed the literature about small intestinal angiosarcoma.Case presentation: The patient was a 60-year-old man, who initially presented black stool with no obvious inducement for 7 days, gradually feeling dizzy and fatigue for 3 days. Abdominal CT showed that the intestinal wall of the upper jejunum was thickened near the duodenum. After enhancement, the intestinal wall could be enhanced evenly. With the time going on, the contrast media could be concentrated gradually, and the active hemorrhage was considered. Enteroscopy revealed a 30 mm × 20 mm red polypoid mass in the jejunum. A biopsy of polypoid mass exhibited malignant tumor, histopathology considered poorly differentiated cancer. The patient subsequently underwent resection of the jejunal neoplasm. Immunohistochemistry vascular markers and cytokeratin were postive，but C-MYC protein was negative, and showed no amplification of C-MYC gene by Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）. The histopathology with immunohistochemical and FISH studies confirmed the diagnosis of primary small intestinal EAS. 24 months after surgery, the patient had no evidence of recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion: Primary small intestinal EAS is a rare malignancy of endothelial origin with uncertain etiology and often has a poor prognosis.The abnormal cytokeratin expression in epithelioid angiosarcomas represents a potential diagnostic pitfall for pathologists. FISH detection of C-MYC gene amplification may have some value in the diagnosis of primary or metastatic small intestinal AS.An accurate pathological diagnosis relies on histopathology with immunohistochemical stains of endothelial markers. Surgical resection remains the best treatment option for small intestinal angiosarcoma.
Identification of HPV16 in suspected cases of cervical lesions and docking Study of its L1 protein with some natural inhibitors.
Authors: Lukman Yusuf , Bala Doro Aliyu , Malik Kabir Imam , Saidu Abdulkadir , Kumurya Abdulhadi Sale , Abubakar Bala jamilu , Abubakar Aliyu Isah
Published: February 2020

Background The Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes sexually transmitted diseases. Among several types of HPV variants, HPV 16 is listed as a high-risk group, the primary cervical cancer etiologic agent, which causes life-threatening disease among women worldwide. The presence of L1, E6 and E7 encoded oncoproteins are largely responsible for virulence and pathogenicity that leads to cervical lesions. This menace is required to be curbed by designing an anti-cancerous drugs. The protein receptor-inhibitor interaction adopted using in silico analysis is very important in drug designing. It was the objective of this study to identify HPV16 isolates from suspected cases of cervical cancer at SH Sokoto and SYMH Birnin Kebbi hospitals and also to identify potent HPV16’s L1 protein inhibitor using in silico analysis of Echinacoside, curcumin and Cichoric acid against the viral protein. Methods A total of 140 cervical smear samples consisting of 21 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 6 high grade lesion and 117 negative pap smears were collected. The samples were subjected for molecular detection using PCR targeting E6 and L1 genes of the virus. Positive samples were sequenced using Sanger sequencing platform. All the sequencing data were analysed using bioedit software while data generated for the molecular prevalence was statistically analyzed using Chi-square. A comprehensive HPV L1 protein homology model was designed to predict the L1 protein interaction mechanism with natural inhibitory molecules using a structural drug design approach. AutoDock Vina was used to carry out the molecular docking. Results Out of the 140 samples, 24 samples were positive for the PCR representing 16.7% molecular prevalence rate. There is statistically significant association between cyto-diagnoses and presence of HPV16 ( P ˂0.05). The highest prevalence rate of 12(50% of positive sample) was recorded among women between 30-39 years old. Docking analysis showed that the Chicoric acid components of Echinacea purpurae have strong binding affinity to the L1 protein of the HPV. Conclusion This study provides data on HPV 16 epidemiology in northern Nigeria, High-risk type 16 HPV variant was identified and also provides novel evidence for consideration on certain interacting residues, when synthesizing Anti-HPV compounds in the wet lab.
A Perturbation Platform System for Balance Testing and Rehabilitation Interventions
Authors: Pew Corey , Sadeh Soroosh , Neptune Richard R. , Hsiao Hao-Yuan
Published: February 2020

Background Falling is a leading cause of injury and death in the United States. Researchers and clinicians strive to identify and rehabilitate those at risk of falling in order to mitigate the impact of fall events and prevent future falls. Recently, perturbation-based balance testing and interventions have received increased attention, partly because reactive postural control responses triggered by perturbations are important for balance recovery during actual falls. However, current systems are limited by the need for multiple individuals to operate the device, downtime between trials to reset the perturbation and/or single mode functionality. To this end, we have developed a Perturbation Platform System that can induce perturbations in both vertical and angled directions. Results The system consists of two box platforms that can individually perform straight (25.4 mm, 50.8 mm and 76.2 mm) and angled (5°, 10°, and 15°) height changes while an individual is standing or walking overground. In addition, the system can automatically reset to the original position following perturbation. The platform achieves peak downward accelerations of 5.41 m/s2 during drop events that simulate sudden changes in foot-contact surfaces. Conclusions The novel system can be used in a laboratory setting to better understand balance response and control mechanisms. In addition, this portable system can be used in a clinical or home setting to provide perturbation-based balance exercises that aim to improve balance and mobility.
Colonization potential of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C and S-layer carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B among gut microbiota
Authors: Butorac Katarina , Banic Martina , Novak Jasna , Pavunc Andreja Leboš , Uroic Ksenija , Orsolic Nada , Kukolj Marina , Radovic Slobodanka , Scalabrin Simone , Zucko Jurica , Starčevic Antonio , Suskovic Jagoda , Kos Blaženka
Published: February 2020

Background: The influence of an S-layer carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B and plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C on the gut microbiota composition was evaluated in the rats. Considering the probiotic potential of Lb. brevis SF9B, this study aimed to examine the antimicrobial activity of Lb. plantarum SF9C and potential for their in vivo colonization, which could be the basis for the investigation of their synergistic functionality. Results: We identified plantaricin encoding cluster in Lb. plantarum SF9C, a strain which efficiently inhibited Listeria monocytogenes ATCC®19111™ and Staphylococcus aureus 3048. Contrary to a plantaricin-producing SF9C strain S-layer carrying SF9B strain excluded Escherichia coli 3014 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium FP1 from Caco-2 cells. DGGE analysis of the V2-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the transit of the two selected lactobacilli through the gastrointestinal tract. Microbiome profiling via the Illumina MiSeq platform revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut microbiota of rats suggesting their colonization potential in GIT.Conclusion: The combined application of the two strains could influence intestinal microbiota composition, which is reflected through the increased abundance of Lactobacillus genus, but also along with the abundances of other bacterial genera, either in the model of health or aberrant microbiota. Obtained results contribute to the functional aspect of SF9C and SF9B strains which could be incorporated in the probiotic-containing functional foods to beneficially influence gut microbiota composition.
Exploring the influence of maternally derived antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen on infants’ immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in mice
Authors: Lv Weihong , Wei Tao , Tan Shanjuan , Li Ling , Teng Jijun , Qi Hong , Han Tongliang , Zhang Lei
Published: February 2020

Background: Whether maternal anti-HBs acquired transplacentally plays a negative role in newborn infants’ immune response to hepatitis B vaccine (HepB Vac), it remains controversial and has not been paid enough attention.Methods: 267 BALB/c mice were bred. All mice were divided into two groups according to different doses of HepB Vac (2μg, 5μg) injected to mice. Each group was sub-divided into three subgroups according to different doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) (50 IU, 25 IU, 0 IU) injected combined with the first dose of HepB Vac. Three doses of HepB Vac were administrated at 0 week, 4week and 8 week respectively. Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were tested four weeks after the third dose of HepB Vac.Results: Among 267 mice, 40 were of low- and non-response to HepB Vac (anti-HBs<100 mIU/mL). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that rates of anti-HBs<100 mIU/mL were: 1.1%, 23.1% and 20.7% in groups of HBIG=0 IU(1), HBIG=25 IU(2) and HBIG=50 IU(3) respectively, p = 0.002, and among subgroups, (1) vs (3), RR= 0.032, 95% CI [0.004, 0.255], p = 0.001, (2) vs (3), RR= 1.359, 95% CI [0.588, 3.144], p = 0.473; 4.5% and 25.6% in groups of HepB Vac 5μg and 2μg, RR=0.093, 95% CI [0.035, 0.250], p <0.001; 6.1% and 23.7% in groups of intramuscular injection and hypodermic injection, RR=0.139, 95% CI [0.056, 0.346], p <0.001. The mean titers of anti-HBs (log10mIU/m) were on the decrease in turn in groups of HBIG= 0 IU, HBIG= 25 IU and HBIG= 50 IU, p <0.001.Conclusions: HBIG has a negative impact on both the rate of effective immune response and response level of anti-HBs, which preliminarily indicates maternal anti-HBs inhibits infants’ immune response to HepB Vac.
The Harris Hip Score
Authors: Khaja ALIAA , AL-Mutairi Owayed , Alkhudair abdulaziz , Abdulkarim Awdhah
Published: February 2020

Background The Harris Hip Score (HHS) is a widely used Patient-Related Outcomes score. It measures pain and function levels in patients with hip pathologies. Objectives The main objective of this study is to translate and culturally adapt the HHS into Arabic, and to further assess the reliability and validity of translated version Material & Methods 110 patients participated in this survey. The internal consistency tests were performed using Cronbach’s alpha. Test-retest reliability (intra-correlation coefficient), convergent construct validity, convergent validity, floor & ceiling effects and responsiveness was also calculated. In order to measure the level of agreement, Bland-Altman Plot, forest Plots are performed. Results Test reliability for the first testing situation - calculated using Cronbach's alpha - was 0.98 for the pain subscale, 0.98 for the stiffness, and 0.99 for the physical function subscale. For the second testing, reliability was 0.99, 0.97, and 0.99 (pain, stiffness, and physical function, respectively). This only proves that WOMAC is an instrument with good reliability. Same calculation of Cronbach’s alpha was essential to testing the reliability of the Harris Hip Score. For each of the three testing occasions the reliability was very good or excellent – α 1 = 0.92, α 2 = 0.91, and α 3 = 0.90. Intra-class correlation coefficient was good with the score of 0.76 (95% CI 0.44-0.88). Conclusion Overall, Arabic version of HOOS could be used as diagnostic tool for patients with hip problems, when it comes to information about the overall condition of the patient, especially about the improvement or deterioration, however, it is important to be cautious using HHS when the change magnitude of patient’s condition is investigated, since there is a potential probability that the level of improvement of the patient’s condition will be overestimated by HHS.
Micropropagation of Lacy Tree Philodendron (Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl.)
Authors: Alawaadh Asma Alhussein , Dewir Yaser Hassan , Alwihibi Mona S. , Aldubai Abdulhakim A. , El-Hendawy Salah , Naidoo Yougasphree
Published: February 2020

The present study aimed to optimize the micropropagation of lacy tree philodendron using shoot tip explants. Axillary shoot regeneration was investigated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators, varied levels of MS medium salt strength, sucrose concentration, and light intensity and culture type. Adding 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 1 mg·L−1) significantly increased shoot multiplication compared with other cytokinins, and the combination of cytokinins and auxins [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)], yielded more shoots than cytokinins alone, with the greatest number of axillary shoots (11.4 per explant) obtained using both BAP (1 mg·L−1) and IBA (0.5 mg·L−1). In addition, the use of half-strength salt concentrations significantly reduced shoot multiplication, and high sucrose concentrations (>30 g·L−1) reduced explant growth. High light intensity also reduced shoot multiplication and growth, owing to photoinhibition, and shoot multiplication was more efficient in gelled culture, whereas shoot growth was greater in liquid/bioreactor culture. The best rooting success (100%) and greatest root number and fresh weight were obtained using MS medium supplemented with NAA (1–2 mg·L−1). The resulting plantlets were successfully acclimatized, with a survival rate of 100%, and were morphologically similar to the mother plant.
The risk to develop tuberculosis and efficacy of its preventive treatment in labor migrants residing in the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Bobokhodzhaev O. I. , Radzhabzoda A. S. , Mirzoeva F. O. , Sharipov F. R. , Aliev S. P. , Ali-Zade S. G.
Published: February 2020

Objective: to study the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), risk factors for LTBI to develop into active tuberculosis, the efficacy of preventive treatment in those with LTBI among labor migrants, residing in the Republic of Tajikistan.

Subjects and methods. In the Republic of Tajikistan, 500 residents were followed up as Main Group, they all were labor migrants for more than 3 months and returned to their homeland within one year before inclusion in this study. All of them participated in a questionnaire survey to identify risk factors for developing tuberculosis and had the examination that included Mantoux test with 2 TE and chest X-ray. Comparison Group (CG) consisted of 500 citizens of compatible gender and age who did not travel as labor migrants; they all participated in the same survey and had the same examination.

Results. The positive results of Mantoux test with no abnormalities on X-ray were observed in 40% of people in Main Group and 33.4% of people in Comparison Group.The following factors were found to be more frequent in Main Group versus Comparison Group, respectively: frequent and continuous exposure to a TB case – 78.2 and 23.1% (p < 0.01); no tuberculosis prevention – 83.1% and 48.4% (p < 0.01); poor accommodation and work conditions 87.9 and 13.6% (p < 0.01); inadequate diet and lack of proper clothes – 79.4 and 24.3% (p < 0.01); limited access to medical care – 85.4 and 22.6% (p < 0.01). MG was found to have a higher summarized risk coefficient (r = 4.75) versus CG (r = 2.0), p < 0.01. During 2–3-year follow-up of those with LTBI who had no preventive treatment with isoniazod, tuberculosis was diagnosed in 44.4% of people from MG and 18.5% of people from CG. The introduction of the integrated approach to tuberculosis control among people preparing for labor migration allowed reducing the proportion (from 19.7 to 13.7%) of labor migrants in the structure of TB incidence.
Experimental constraints on the partial melting of sediment-metasomatized lithospheric mantle in subduction zones
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Liang Xuran , Wang Chao , Jin Zhenmin , Zhu Lüyun , Gan Wei
Published: February 2020

Sedimentary diapirs can be relaminated to the base of the lithosphere during slab subduction, where they can interact with the ambient lithospheric mantle to form variably metasomatized zones. Here, high-pressure experiments in sediment-harzburgite systems were conducted at 1.5–2.5 GPa and 800–1300 °C to investigate the interaction between relaminated sediment diapirs and lithospheric mantle. Two end-member processes of mixed experiments and layered (reaction) experiments were explored. In the first end-member, sediment and harzburgite powders were mixed to a homogeneous proportion (1:3), whereas in the second, the two powders were juxtaposed as separate layers. In the first series of experiments, the run products were mainly composed of olivine + orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + phlogopite in subsolidus experiments, while the phase assemblages were then replaced by olivine + orthopyroxene + melt (or trace phlogopite) in supersolidus experiments. Basaltic and foiditic melts were observed in all supersolidus mixed experiments (~44–52 wt% SiO2 at 1.5 GPa, ~35–43 wt% SiO2 at 2.5 GPa). In the phlogopite-rich experiment (PC431, 1.5 GPa and 1100 °C), the formed melts had low alkali contents (~<2 wt%) and K2O/Na2O ratios (~0.4–1.1). In contrast, the quenched melt in phlogopite-free/poor experiments showed relatively higher alkali contents (~4–8 wt%) and K2O/Na2O ratios (~2–5). Therefore, the stability of phlogopite could control the bulk K2O and K2O/Na2O ratios of magmas derived from the sediment-metasomatized lithospheric mantle. In layered experiments, a reaction zone dominated by clinopyroxene + amphibole (or orthopyroxene) was formed because of the reaction between harzburgite and bottom sediment-derived melts (~62.5–67 wt% SiO2). The total alkali contents and K2O/Na2O ratios of the formed melts were about 6–8 wt% and 1.5–3, respectively. Experimentally formed melts from both mixed and reaction experiments were rich in large ion lithosphile elements and displayed similar patterns with natural potassium-rich arc lavas from oceanic subduction zones (i.e., Mexican, Sunda, Central American, and Aleutian). The experimental results demonstrated that bulk sediment diapirs, in addition to sediment melt, may be another possible mechanism to transfer material from a subducting slab to an upper mantle wedge or lithospheric mantle. On the other hand, the breakdown of phlogopite may play an important role in the mantle source that produces potassium-rich arc lavas in subduction zones.
Gus Dur’s Ijtihād Paradigm of Contemporary Fiqh in Indonesia
Authors: Dahlan Moh. , Baidlawy Zakiyuddin , Sugiono Sugiono
Published: February 2020

This paper reveals Gus Dur's ijtihād paradigm of contemporary fiqh in Indonesia in answering the problems of life. This study is a type of library research by tracing Gus Dur's works, Gus Dur's thought studies and other related scientific studies. This research uses the approach of Milton K. Munitz's thinking and the frame of mind ‘Abd al-Majīd al-Najjār. This research found that the conservative ijtihād paradigm has led to conservative fiqh which is unable to establish dialectics between fiqh norms and socio-cultural and humanitarian values, which can even lead to radical Islamic movements and acts of terrorism. Therefore, Gus Dur's contemporary jurisprudential ijtihād paradigm is needed to build this dialectic. Theoretically, the Gus Dur ijtihād paradigm has characteristics promoting different socio-cultural and humanitarian values from Islamic reformers. In practical terms, the Gus Dur ijtihād paradigm has made Indonesian socio-cultural values a consideration in understanding and applying contemporary fiqh without changing existing fiqh norms. Gus Dur's contemporary fiqh has also become the basis for maintaining the Pancasila ideology, the 1945 Constitution, the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and Unity in Diversity.
Pemberdayaan Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Melalui Pelatihan Chemoentrepreneurship Lilin Hias Aromaterapi
Authors: Prayitno Mohammad Agus , Amalana Husna
Published: February 2020

Islamic Senior High School of Mu'allimin Mu'allimat Rembang (MA M3R) is one of the oldest school in Rembang Regency. Most of the students who attend the school are students from various Islamic boarding schools in the city of Rembang. Most of the graduates from MA M3R did not continue to Higher Education. There are those who work, get married, and those who continue chanting. For this reason, counseling activities are needed which are to provide training to MA M3R students who aim to equip entrepreneurial skills after graduation. One of the entrepreneurial skills that can be delivered is the making of aromatherapy decorative candles. The stages in the extension activities include 3 stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. This service activity is able to increase student entrepreneurial motivation, train students' tenacity and responsibility, and train good ways of communicating when marketing product results.

 

Madrasah Aliyah Mu’allimin Mu’allimat Rembang (MA M3R) merupakan salah satu madrasah tertua di Kabupaten Rembang. Sebagian besar siswa yang bersekolah di madarah tersebut adalah santri dari berbagai pondok pesantren yang ada di kota Rembang. Sebagian besar lulusan dari MA M3R tidak melanjutkan ke Perguruan Tinggi. Ada yang bekerja, menikah, dan adapula yang melanjutkan mengaji. Untuk itu diperlukan kegiatan penyuluhan yang sifatnya memberikan pelatihan terhadap siswa-siswi MA M3R yang bertujuan untuk membekali keterampilan wirausaha setelah lulus. Salah satu keterampilan wirausaha yang dapat disampaikan adalah pembuatan lilin hias beraromaterapi. Tahapan dalam kegiatan penyuluhan ini meliputi 3 tahap, yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini mampu meningkatkan motivasi wirausaha siswa, melatih keuletan dan tanggung jawab siswa, serta melatih cara berkomunikasi yang baik pada saat memasarkan hasil produk.
Transformasi Dan Optimalisasi Potensi Masjid Daerah Ujung Utara Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Jamal Moh Yusup Saepuloh , Somantri Muhamad Dani , Al-Fauzi Cecep Moch. Ramli
Published: February 2020

Mosque has a pivotal role in the process of Da’wah for Muslim, including  al-Barokah Mosqu, Guranteng, Tasikmalaya. This transformative research aims at transforming people's perception in understanding the substance of the role and function of mosques and optimizing the potential of the mosque to its fullest. This Participatory Action Research model links the social change process through three-area of empowerment : Community commitment, local leader, and institutional based needs. The results of the study gained action of change: Seeking the transformation of community paradigms on understanding the substance role of the mosque through several actions: FGD for restructuring DKM Management, strengthening DKM and DKM management training. Meanwhile, the second stage is to optimize the potential of the culture by implementing the mosque empowerment based on local culture, such as the training of Friday's cermon, corpes-handling management, Ziswaf Manager, reading Marhabaan, forming youth-mosque-managers, as well as assistance by other potential-based empowerment activities.

 

Secara substansi masjid mempunyai peran sentral yang sangat penting terhadap laju perjalanan dakwah umat Islam. Peran sentral masjid kenyataannya tidak berbanding lurus dengan keberadaan masjid al-Barokah daerah ujung utara Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian transformatif ini bertujuan untuk mentransformasi persepsi masyarakat dalam memahami substansi peran dan fungsi masjid dan mengoptimalisasikan potensi masjid secara maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan model participatory action research yang menghubungkan proses perubahan sosial melalui tiga pemberdayaan: komitmen masyarakat, local leader, dan institusi berdasarkan kebutuhan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh aksi perubahan:  mengupayakan transformasi paradigma masyarakat terhadap pemahaman substansi peranan fungsi masjid yang diupayakan melalui beberapa action: refleksi FGD merestrukturisasi pengurus DKM, pengukuhan pengurus DKM; dan pelatihan manajemen DKM.Sementara tahap kedua melakukan langkah optimalisasi terhadap potensi yang dimiliki dengan menerapkan pemberdayaan masjid berbasis lokalitas budaya, seperti pelatihan khutbah Jum’at, pengurusan jenazah, pengelola Ziswaf, membaca marhabaan, pembentukan pengurus remaja/pemuda masjid, serta dampingan kegiatan pemberdayaan lainnya berbasis potensi.
Pemberdayaan Peternak Melalui Pembuatan Biogas Sebagai Solusi Limbah Kotoran Ayam Ras Petelur
Authors: Widiansyah Arindra Trisna , Rahayu Anita Budi
Published: February 2020

The business of laying hens is a business sector that provides a very large role in meeting the needs of animal protein and various industrial needs. This role cannot be replaced by vegetable protein sources. According to partners besides having great opportunities and benefits, laying hens also have problems, one of which is chicken manure. Mr. Hakim has tried several ways to remove the odor, such as raising the foundation of the cage so that it is not submerged by rainwater, spreading lime powder, and spraying EM4 liquid directly into chicken manure. But apparently not effective at reducing odors. One of the technical recommendations is the making of Biogas as an alternative energy source producing fuel substitutes for LPG gas, firewood, lighting and organic fertilizer. The results of community service activities to date have been the availability of biogas as an alternative energy producer for the use of biogas stoves and petromax lamps, as well as increased partner knowledge about biogas.

Usaha sektor peternakan ayam ras petelur merupakan bidang usaha yang memberikan peranan sangat besar dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan protein hewani dan berbagai keperluan industri. Peranan ini tidak dapat di gantikan oleh sumber protein nabati. Menurut mitra disamping memiliki peluang dan manfaat yang besar, peternakan ayam ras petelur juga memiliki permasalahan salah satunya yaitu kotoran ayam tersebut. Bapak Hakim sudah mencoba beberapa cara untuk menghilangkan bau tersebut seperti, meninggikan pondasi kandang agar tidak terendam air hujan, menebar serbuk kapur, serta menyemprot cairan EM4 langsung ke kotoran ayam. Namun ternyata belum efektif mengurangi bau. Salah satu rekomendasi teknis adalah pembuatan Biogas sebagai salah satu sumber energi alternatif penghasil bahan bakar pengganti gas LPG, kayu bakar, penerangan dan pupuk organik. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian sampai saat ini adalah tersedianya biogas sebagai penghasil energi alternatif untuk pemakaian kompor biogas dan lampu petromak, serta peningkatan pengetahuan mitra tentang biogas yang meningkat.
Hazar Gölü Havzası’ndaki (Elazığ) Yeraltı ve Yüzey Sularının İz Element İçerikleri
Authors: ÇELİKER Murat , ÖZTÜRK Mualla , PARLAKYILDIZ Nurettin , GÜLER Cüneyt
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, Hazar Gölü Havzası’ndaki (Elazığ) yeraltı ve yüzey sularının iz element içeriklerinin belirlenmesi ve bu elementlerin insan sağlığı açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, havza içindeki 51 farklı noktadan alınan su örneklerinde arsenik (As), kadmiyum (Cd), bakır (Cu), manganez (Mn), kurşun (Pb), çinko (Zn), nikel (Ni) ve krom (Cr) gibi iz elementlerin konsantrasyonları İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Kütle Spektrometresi (ICP-MS) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Seçilen iz elementlerin su örneklerindeki en düşük ve en yüksek konsantrasyonları (ppb) As için 0.01–2.08; Cd için 0.01–0.15; Cu için 0.05–111.35; Mn için 0.06–311.44; Pb için 0.01–2.56; Zn için 1.73–896.11; Ni için 0.09–14.21 ve Cr için 0.05–3.39 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre; bazı su örneklerinde Cu ve Mn konsantrasyonlarının içme suyu için önerilen standart değerlerin üzerinde olduğu bulunmuştur.
Suriye Burma Tatlısının Bazı Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: SATOUF Mustafa , KÖTEN Mehmet , HATİB Beyen , ALKAYARİ Rama , ŞEYHAHMET Aye
Published: February 2020

Suriye burma tatlısının (Mebruma) bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu araştırmada; 4 farklı tatlıcıya ait toplam 4 adet burma tatlısı örneği ile şahit (kontrol) olarak üretimi yapılan burma tatlısı analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, tatlı örneklerinde nem %5.66-6.65, kül %1.62-2.63, protein %10.13-13.90, yağ %25.67-39.60, karbonhidrat %38.06-55.86, ham lif %2.90-6.40, enerji değeri 494.90-595.30 (Kkal) ve antioksidan aktivite %93.19-94.38 (% inhibisyon) arasında tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin fiziksel özelliklerine ilişkin yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre özgül hacim (ml g-1) 0.95-1.09, çap (mm) 35.62-48.62, dış kabuk kalınlığı (mm) 3.75-6.42, fıstık kalınlığı (mm) 30.75-44.87 ve dış kabuk/fıstık oranı (g g-1) 27.52-78.79 arasında değişmiştir. 5 puan üzerinden yapılan duyusal değerlendirmeler sonucunda, örnekler renk açısından 2.67 ile 4.67, koku açısından 2.50 ile 4.00, lezzet açısından 2.50 ile 4.17, yumuşaklık açısından 3.33 ile 4.17, kıvam açısından 2.53 ile 4.16 ve genel beğeni açısından 3.17 ile 4.19 arasında puanlar almıştır. Kontrol örneği en çok beğenilen örnek olmuştur.
Programas voltados à educação científica e inovação no Amazonas
Authors: Aguiar René Levy , Reis Dércio Luiz
Published: February 2020

Uma discussão presente nos meios acadêmicos e empresariais é a baixa capacidade de inovação e desenvolvimento tecnológico provenientes dos ambientes acadêmicos brasileiros, não somente nas instituições de ensino superior, mas também nas instituições do ensino tecnológico. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir programas específicos de educação científica, executado a partir de parcerias institucionais firmadas pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) para intervenção planejada com o intuito de obter a melhor qualificação profissional dos egressos de todos os nível educacionais, na busca da solução dos problemas já identificados e amplamente debatidos sobre a qualidade do egresso dos cursos superiores, bem como o aprimoramento de ações voltadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável do Amazonas.
Universal Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and its Impact on the Southern Italian Region
Authors: Guido Marcello , Bruno Annarita , Tagliaferro Luigi , Aprile Valerio , Tinelli Andrea , Fedele Alberto , Lobreglio Giambattista , Menegazzi Paola , Pasanisi Giancarlo , Tassi Vittorio , Forcina Bruno , Fortunato Francesca , Lupo Laura Isabella , Zizza Antonella
Published: February 2020

HPV is still the most common sexually transmitted infection, leading to the onset of many disorders
while causing an increase in direct and indirect health costs. High Risk (HR) HPV is the primary cause of invasive
cervical cancer and contributes significantly to the development of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers.
The introduction of universal HPV vaccination has led to a significant reduction in vaccine-targeted HPV infections,
cross-protective genotypes, precancerous lesions and anogenital warts. Despite the several limitations of
HPV vaccination programs, including vaccine type specificity, different schedules, target age-groups and poor
communication, the impact has become increasingly evident, especially in countries with high vaccine uptake.
We carried out a review of the most recent literature to evaluate the effects of HPV vaccination on vaccinetargeted
HPV genotypes and to assess the level of cross-protection provided against non-vaccine HPV types.
Subsequently, to assess the rates of HPV infection in a southeast Italian region, we performed an epidemiological
investigation on the impact of vaccination on genotypes and on the prevalence and distribution of HPV infection
during the twelve-year period 2006-2017 in the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce. The vaccination coverage of
about 70% among girls in the LHU led to an initial reduction in vaccine-targeted HPV types and cross-protective
genotypes. However, the results on this population should be interpreted cautiously because the period since the
start of vaccination is too short and the coverage rate is not yet optimal to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination in
lowering the prevalence of non-vaccine HR HPV types in the vaccinated cohort and in older subjects. Nevertheless,
it is expected that direct effects will increase further and that herd immunity will begin to emerge as vaccination
coverage increases.
CDK9: Therapeutic Perspective in HCC Therapy
Authors: Borowczak Jędrzej , Szczerbowski Krzysztof , Stec Ewa , Grzanka Dariusz , Szylberg Łukasz
Published: February 2020

CDK9 is an important cell-cycle control enzyme essential in transcription, elongation, and
mRNA maturation. Overexpression of CDK9 has been reported in several diseases, including acute
lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and malignant melanoma. Recent research
revealed that CDK9-inhibitors have a major impact on the induction of apoptosis in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. Despite surprisingly promising results in in vitro and in vivo research,
no CDK9 related therapy is currently allowed in cases of HCC. Furthermore, due to their high specificity,
the inhibitors had no effects on unaltered hepatocytes and no toxic effects were shown. Considering
that they were well tolerated and showed relatively few severe side-effects in mice, CDK9-
inhibitors would seem to be promising targets in HCC biomarker-guided immunotherapy. Studies
have verified that CDK9 has a pivotal role in c-Myc-mediated tumor growth and CDK9 inhibitors
inhibit not only its progression but diametrically decrease both the mass and size of HCC nodules.
CDK9-inhibitors seem to be a promising target in HCC treatment.
Application of D-optimal Mixture Design for Development and Optimization of Olmesartan Medoxomil Loaded SMEDDS
Authors: Gahlawat Navdeep , Verma Ravinder , Kaushik Deepak
Published: February 2020

Background:

Olmesartan medoxomil is an angiotensin II receptor blocker
antihypertensive drug, which has low oral bioavailability because of poor aqueous solubility.

Objective:

The objective of the present research is the development and optimization of Olmesartan
medoxomil loaded self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system by D-optimal mixture design to
improve its dissolution rate.

Methods:

Solubility of Olmesartan medoxomil was determined in different oils, surfactants and cosurfactants.
The pseudo ternary diagram was constructed for the identification of self-micro
emulsification region. The D-optimal mixture design was employed for the optimization of SMEDDS
formulations wherein the factors optimized were the concentration of oil (X1), surfactant (X2), and
co-surfactant (X3) and the response was globule size (Y1) and dissolution rate (Y2). Developed selfmicroemulsifying
drug delivery system was further assessed for self-emulsification time, drug
loading capacity, transparency, globule size, in vitro dissolution and comparative in vitro dissolution
testing of optimized formulation with pure medicament and commercially available product.

Results:

The application of D-optimal mixture design resulted in 14 batches out of which F-5 was
found to be the optimized batch which contained Olmesartan medoxomil (20 mg), Capmul MCM
EP (23% v/v), Kolliphore EL (49% v/v) and Transcutol P (28% v/v) having globule size of 105 nm,
94.7% dissolution within 30 minutes. In vitro dissolution rate of the drug from SMEDDS was
appreciably higher than that of pure drug and marketed products.

Conclusion:

Olmesartan medoxomil self-microemulsifying drug delivery system was successfully
developed and this approach could prove to be suitable for the improvement of the dissolution rate
of BCS II class drugs.
Correlation Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kasim Hasyim , Zatalia St. Rabiul , Rasyid Haerani , Bakri Syakib , Parewangi Muhammad L. , Akil Fardah , Seweng Arifin
Published: February 2020

Background:

NAFLD is an independent risk factor of CKD. CKD prevalences in NAFLD subjects are two times higher than non-NAFLD. The aim of this study is to know the correlation between NAFLD and CKD.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who held Abdominal USG in Wahidin Sudirohusodo & UNHAS hospital from January to December 2017. NAFLD subjects are male and female (18-60 years) who met NAFLD criteria and wanted to participate, non-NAFLD as control subjects. NAFLD is fat accumulation in hepatocyte without a history of alcohol consumption or other etiology of chronic liver disease. CKD definition and classification were based on KDIGO 2012. P value <0.05 was considered to be significant.

Results:

From the study period, we found 134 subjects (67 NAFLD subjects and 67 non-NAFLD subjects). Correlation analysis between NAFLD and eGFR showed that NAFLD subjects had more proportion of eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 than non-NAFLD subjects (40.3% vs 16.4%, p=0.002). NAFLD subjects significantly had more proportion of CKD Grade 3 than non-NAFLD subjects (37.3% vs 9%) while non-NAFLD subjects had more proportion of CKD Grade 1 and 2 than NAFLD subjects (56.7% vs 38.8% dan 26.9% vs 20.9%)(p=0.001). Correlation analysis between NAFLD and proteinuria did not show significant results (p=0.051).

Conclusion:

NAFLD subjects correlated with CKD events compared with non-NAFLD subjects.