bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Public Policies to Prevent Suicide Death in the United States
Authors: Purtle Jonathan , Mauri Amanda I. , Lindsey Michael A. , Keyes Katherine M.
Published: January 2025

Suicide rates have increased in the United States in recent years. Public policies have great potential to prevent suicide death, and well-designed quasi-experimental studies have identified policies that are effective at reducing suicide rates; however, evidence about these policies has not been synthesized. This review summarizes evidence across three domains of public policies: (a) policies that affect structural determinants of suicide risk (e.g., policies that improve economic security), (b) policies that promote access to clinical services (e.g., Medicaid expansion), and (c) policies that limit access to lethal means for completing suicide (e.g., policies that restrict access to firearms). The historical context of suicide prevention in US public policy is provided, considerations for successful suicide prevention policy implementation are discussed—such as policy awareness among key groups, enforcement, and sufficient funding—and priority areas for future research are enumerated.
Editorial
Authors: Torres Zapata Isabel
Published: January 2025

La revista del Departamento de Contabilidad y Auditoría FAE USACH, Summa De Arithmetica, no ha estado ajena a la tendencia de otorgar a las mujeres el rol que merecen en la sociedad, lo que más allá de ser un reconocimiento a su labor y participación en los hitos de la historia en todas sus dimensiones, también llama a la reflexión, al conocimiento y la valoración de aquellas, que frente a circunstancias adversas y por sobre todo incomprendidas, han sabido guiarse y guiar a otros en un esfuerzo por mantener el rol que la sociedad desde su construcción más primitiva de acuerdo a la naturaleza misma, como es el de ser quien debe reproducir a la especie humana, en conjunto con el hombre, hoy en día ese rol, cada vez más compartido y comprendido como un complemento en los cuidados de ese pequeño e indefenso ser humano que traemos al mundo, hoy se complementa con las miradas de aquellas que siendo o no madres, también han tenido que enfrentar los mismos obstáculos, ya sea por complementar su trabajo con labores de cuidado, o bien porque la sociedad atribuye a que toda mujer no debería siquiera pensar en igualar o participar de los mismos derechos de los hombres.
Aportes de la Mujer en la Carrera Contador Público y Auditor de la Universidad Santiago de Chile
Authors: Peña Oyarzo Antonia Del Carmen
Published: January 2025

El trasegar de las mujeres en la profesión de Contador Público y Auditor (CPA) desde la literatura anglosajona da cuenta de la importancia de escribir la historia de ellas, sin embargo, cuando se revisa el contexto de la investigación contable en Chile, se observa la falta de investigaciones históricas alrededor de la mujer en la profesión de CPA. En coherencia este artículo buscó reconstruir el paso de algunas profesionales por la Universidad Santiago de Chile, considerando la importancia de identificar el papel que han tenido en el desarrollo y avance de la profesión de CPA, mediante la recolección de datos cualitativos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se encontró que el ingreso de la mujer a una carrera profesional masculina les permitió ganar terreno y abrir las puertas para que otras mujeres accedieran a una profesión que les brinda libertades para combinar su vida personal y profesional.
Liderazgo femenino en la carrera CPA en las universidades chilenas
Authors: Valdivia Soto Belén Andrea
Published: January 2025

Mediante la presente investigación se buscó analizar la vinculación de las mujeres CPA a los cargos directivos de la carrera en las universidades chilenas, mediante de la recolección de datos cualitativos a través de entrevistas, para mostrar el panorama de participación de ellas en pleno siglo XXI. Se identificaron las mujeres que en la actualidad se encuentran en cargos de dirección de la carrera CPA en las universidades chilenas, de tal modo, que se construyó una matriz de trabajo, la que posteriormente sirvió para agrupar y el perfil de las decanas de facultad, directoras de departamento, directoras de escuelas y jefas de carrera de las universidades chilenas a la carrera CPA en las universidades chilenas. Lo anterior, se logró mediante la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas donde presentaron sus contribuciones a la educación superior. Del mismo modo se narró las experiencias de estas académicas contables y se relacionó sus relatos a las distintas teorías sobre este contenido, tomando como referencia las fuentes primarias y secundarias recopiladas en la investigación. Así, los principales hallazgos mantienen relación con la experiencia requerida para optar a cargos de liderazgo, como también, el importante camino de decisiones que deben tomar estas profesionales para convalidar sus desafíos académicos como personales.
Transitando por la historia de las mujeres contables
Authors: Restrepo Quintero Katherine
Published: January 2025

Este artículo busca presentar una reflexión en torno a la participación de la mujer en la profesión contable, contando desde una mirada histórica su trasegar desde finales del siglo XIX hasta la actualidad, para comprender los lugares que éstas han ganado con su trabajo y cómo ha ido sorteando las metáforas que han reconocido las barreras de ingreso, progresión y crecimiento de las mujeres dentro de las organizaciones privadas y públicas. También se destacan los logros que hacen parte de los procesos sociales que han transformado, las condiciones, los comportamientos, los sueños y los referentes dentro de la sociedad capitalista para ver a la mujer como una participante activa y conectada con los retos de justicia y equidad.
Evaluation of Auricular Acupressure on Myopia Prevention among Children Aged 6–12 Years with Pre-Myopia in China: Study Protocol of a Prospective Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Jianquan , Shi Yipeng , Yan Xin , Wu Xinru , Cao Ke’er , Chen Luquan , Liu Jun , Peng Hua , Li Chunxia , Chu Liqun , Wu Danlei , Zhou Shangkun , Yang Yingxin , Wang Yangzhong , Liu Xinquan , Song Jike , Liang Fengming , Yao Jing , Shen Zhihua , Zhang Fengmei , Yao Xiaolei , Zuo Tao , Shi Wei , Li Wujun , Hou Xinyue , Kang Zefeng
Published: January 2025

Background: The increasing prevalence of myopia among Chinese children and adolescents, especially at younger ages, has emerged as a significant concern in recent years. Pre-myopia is a key period for myopia prevention and control in children and adolescents. Previous studies suggested auricular acupressure (AA) therapy might offer a viable approach to prevent and slow down myopia progression. Nonetheless, these studies lack robust, high-quality, large-scale, multi-center evidence to conclusively support such assertions. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and economic benefits of AA therapy in preventing myopia in Chinese children aged 6–12 years with pre-myopia. Methods: The single-blind, multi-center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial will involve 318 pre-myopic children from 20 different centers across China. After recruitment, these participants will be randomly assigned to two groups (the AA group and the control group) at a 1:1 ratio. The AA group will receive auricular point sticking therapy along with health education for a period of 24 weeks, while the control group will be provided the sham AA treatment and routine health education. The assessments of outcomes will be conducted at the start of this study, and then after 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in spherical equivalent refraction at various follow-up times. The secondary outcomes include the number of myopia cases, uncorrected visual acuity, axial length, corneal curvature radius, accommodation amplitude, retinal and choroidal thickness, and eye behavior management. In addition, the cost-effectiveness analysis will be used as the evaluation index for economic assessment. Discussion: The results of this research will provide evidence on the efficacy, safety, and economic benefits of AA therapy in preventing myopia among children aged 6–12 years with pre-myopia in China.
Association between non-invasive liver biomarkers and graft outcomes in kidney transplantation recipients
Authors: Lee Jaeyun , Baek Chung Hee , Kim Soon Bae , Jung Chan-Young
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Although studies have suggested that metabolic risk profiles are prognostic factors in kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs), the prognostic value of fatty liver, a known surrogate of metabolic risk, in KTRs remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between non-invasive liver biomarkers used to assess hepatic steatotic and fibrotic burdens and graft outcomes in KTRs.
Methods: A total of 3,092 patients who underwent deceased or living donor kidney transplantation (KT) between January 2000 and December 2022 were enrolled. Postoperative hepatic fibrotic burdens of KTRs were assessed using the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS). The primary outcome was a composite of 50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and graft failure. Secondary outcomes included individual outcomes of 50% eGFR decline, graft failure, and acute rejection.
Results: For the primary outcome, during a mean follow-up of 6.0 years, the composite outcome occurred in 519 (16.8%) participants. When stratified into three groups according to FIB-4 score categories, the highest score group (FIB-4≥2.67) had a 2.05-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-2.91; P<0.001) higher risk of the composite outcome compared to the lowest score group (FIB-4<1.30). Furthermore, the highest score group showed higher risk of the secondary outcomes, with hazard ratios (95% CI) of 1.75 (1.16-2.66), 1.62 (1.06-2.46), and 2.23 (1.43-3.46) for 50% eGFR decline, acute rejection and graft failure, respectively. Similar findings were observed for NFS.
Conclusions: Higher hepatic fibrotic burdens were associated with unfavorable graft outcomes in KTRs.
Multimodality cardiac imaging in ischemic stroke: insights into the heart-brain interaction
Authors: Myrmel Gard M.S. , Waje-Andreassen Ulrike , Pirinen Jani , Sinisalo Juha , Järvinen Vesa , Putaala Jukka , Saeed Sahrai
Published: January 2025

Background: Annually, approximately 7.6 million individuals experience a new ischemic stroke, and roughly 25% of all ischemic strokes are cardiogenic in origin, carrying a high risk of recurrence, death and disability. To prevent future ischemic strokes, especially in younger individuals, it is crucial to detect and treat direct and indirect cardioembolic sources. Summary: Cardiac imaging is a rapidly evolving field, and post-stroke cardiac imaging is no longer limited to echocardiography, but also includes other imaging techniques, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac computed tomography. Clinicians must be familiar with numerous cardiac and systemic disorders related to stroke and consider the possibilities that imaging diagnostics have to offer. Additional diagnostics tests, such as pre- and transcranial ultrasound with a bubble test, can also increase the diagnostic accuracy for detecting right-left shunt embolisms. Moreover, a patent foramen ovale (PFO) has traditionally been indicated as a minor or uncertain risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, PFO-associated strokes are a distinct category among the cardioembolic sources as in most cases we do not assume that the thrombus has been developed in-situ in the PFO-structure or elsewhere intracardial, but that PFO merely is acting as a mediator for a paradoxical, venous embolism. The article has two parts: Part I, the heart-brain axis, describes multimodality cardiac imaging in the assessment of cardioembolic sources of ischemic stroke, with a special focus on disorders that traditionally have received little attention in the literature. Part II discusses the brain-heart axis, namely when acute cerebrovascular events lead to cardiac dysfunction, for example neurogenic stunned myocardium and Takotsubo syndrome. Key Messages: Advances in cardiovascular imaging have significantly enhanced the detection of cardiac disorders associated with stroke. Clinicians involved in post stroke work-up need to be aware of the capabilities of different imaging modalities for higher individual diagnostic accuracy in order to effectively treat and prevent stroke recurrence.
Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation
Authors: Ferenczi Ádám , Kuthi Levente , Sejben Anita
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED) is a rare entity with worse prognosis compared to conventional gastric adenocarcinomas. Its histological characteristics are fetal gut-like architecture and tumor cells with cytoplasmic clearing, as well as positive immunohistochemical reaction to at least one of the enteroblastic markers. Hereby, we present a case of GAED with neuroendocrine marker positivity, with whole exome sequencing (WES), and an updated literature review.
Case presentation: A 68-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. Gastric wall thickening raised suspicion of gastric cancer, thus gastroscopy was performed, and biopsy samples were taken, which confirmed malignancy. Neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy was initiated, and total gastrectomy was performed. Microscopically, pleomorphic polygonal cells were visible with clear cytoplasm and high grade cellular atypia. Alcian blue and PAS stains demonstrated positivity for acidic and neutral mucins. P53 IHC was negative, indicative of null-phenotype, while Syntaxin-1 and Chromogranin showed focal positivity. SALL4 and Glypican 3 were positive, however, AFP displayed only minimal, uncertain positivity. The Ki67 labeling index was 70%. Due to the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, the tumor was concluded as GAED with neuroendocrine marker positivity. WES was carried out revealing 4 pathogenic, including TP53, KLHL7, RAPSN, and ACTA1, and 3 likely pathogenic mutations, encompassing PNKP, HNF1A, and ADNP.
Discussion: GAED is a rare subtype of gastric adenocarcinomas, representing 0.3-5.4% of all cases and has an unclarified etiology. Our WES results identified new pathogenic and likely pathogenic mutations. From a differential diagnostic point of view, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, and the possibility of metastatic origin has to be excluded.
Microbiome in Early Childhood Caries: Caries Severity-Dependent Insights
Authors: Gong Siew-Ging , Switzer Judith , Nainar S.M. Hashim , Lévesque Céline M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Children with early childhood caries (ECC) show different caries severities and susceptibility in different tooth types and location in the oral cavity. The study aimed to investigate differences in the oral microbiome in ECC subjects stratified according to the severity of caries and between more and less caries prone teeth within the same subjects. Methods: Supragingival plaque from the upper and lower anterior regions in the oral cavity of subjects were collected in 3 groups of increasing caries severity, G1 - Molar (M) caries only; G2 - Molar and Upper Anterior (UA) caries; and G3 - M + UA + lower anterior (LA) caries were obtained followed by microbiome analysis. Results: Alpha-diversity analyses showed inter- but no intra-individual statistically significant differences between the UA and LA (p-value ˂ 0.001, LA˃UA), and a significant difference between the microbiome of the three caries groups (p-value ˂ 0.001). There were significant beta-diversity differences between G1 and G2 (p < 0.05) and in the composition and diversity among the three groups (p-value ˂ 0.001). Actinomyces, Saccharibacteria_genera_inserta_sedis and Eikenella had increased differential abundance in G1 vs G3 and Fusobacterium was less abundant in G2 compared to the other groups. Conclusions: There were clear distinct differences in tooth-site specific and caries-severity microbiome diversity patterns and bacterial abundance profiles in S-ECC children.
Cryptocoryneum polyramosum sp. nov., associated with Camellia sinensis in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: LIANG XIANG-DONG , LIU JIAN-KUI
Published: January 2025

Most species of Cryptocoryneum have been reported on dead wood, with some species rarely reported from leaf litter or arthropod dung. Cryptocoryneum polyramosum sp. nov., collected from dead twigs of tea (Camellia sinensis), grown in high mountain areas in Sichuan Province in China, is described and illustrated. The new species is distinguished by having up to 24 cylindrical, brown, smooth conidial arms, a significantly higher number compared to other known Cryptocoryneum species, which typically possess fewer than 16 arms. The phylogenetic analyses based on a combined sequence dataset of LSU, SSU, ITS, tef1-α, and rpb2 indicate that C. polyramosum forms a distinct clade, sister to other species within the genus. Comparative morphological analysis with other Cryptocoryneum species highlights the unique features of this taxon. A detailed list of morphological variations is provided to enhance the understanding of the genus Cryptocoryneum and its species diversity.
Neodeightonia guineensis sp. nov., a palmicolus species from Guangdong, China
Authors: XIONG YINRU , MANAWASINGHE ISHARA S. , LU LI , MAPOOK AUSANA , ALOTIBI FATIMAH , HYDE KEVIN D.
Published: January 2025

Palm fungi encompass nearly all major fungal taxa and possess a broad spectrum of ecological roles. Neodeightonia species are mainly associated with a wide range of palm trees. In this study, a saprobic Neodeightonia species was isolated from Elaeis guineensis in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China. For species delineation, morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and translation elongation factor 1−alpha gene (tef 1-α) were conducted. Based on the phylogenetic results and morphology, Neodeightonia guineensis is introduced as a new species along with a description and illustrations. Additionally, the taxonomic status of some species within Neodeightonia is discussed. Based on our phylogenetic and morphological comparisons, ITS and tef 1-α gene region play the most important role in species delineation in Neodeightonia species. This is the first report of a Neodeightonia species associated with Elaeis guineensis, thereby enhancing the diversity of fungi associated with palm trees.
Duolandrevus (Eulandrevus) meiacanthus Ma & Dai, sp. nov., a new species of Landrevinae from Yunnan, China (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: DAI JIN-HONG , WANG NING , WANG RUI , MA LI-BIN
Published: January 2025

Of the genus Duolandrevus Kirby, 1906, the subgenus, Duolandrevus (Eulandrevus) Gorochov, 1988, has the richest representation in China (11 species currently recorded). Here, we add a new species, Duolandrevus (Eulandrevus) meiacanthus Ma & Dai, sp. nov., to this subgenus from Yunnan, China. The new species resembles Duolandrevus (Eulandrevus) paradoxus (Gorochov, 2001) and can be distinguished by its longer and wider epiphallus and very short epiphallic median lobes. Here, we describe and illustrate this new species.
Frank H. Knight's Eulogy of Abram L. Harris
Authors: Levy David M. , Peart Sandra J.
Published: January 2025

Abram L. Harris was the second Black person to obtain an economics Ph.D. in the United States and a major figure in the early years of the American Civil Rights movement. Upon his death in 1963 his colleague and friend, Frank Knight delivered memorial remarks. The remembrance explains how Knight and Harris met, how Harris came to Chicago, and how the two scholars shared an intellectual commitment to the idea of race as “caste” and an opposition to state paternalism. We consider Knight’s odd characterization of Harris’ early work as “propaganda” as well as Harris’s extensive analysis of paternalism before he went to Chicago.
Minimizing the drilling robot arm movement by the advanced Dhouib-Matrix-4 metaheuristic
Authors: Dhouib Souhail
Published: January 2025

Drilling holes on a Printed Circuit Board is a complicated task and it is usually ensured via a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine using a drilling robot arm. Commonly, to increase the performance of the CNC, the movement of its robot arm is minimized via the optimization of the holes drilling route. Hence, different metaheuristics are used to plan the shortest drilling route. In this purpose, we designed a novel metaheuristic namely Dhouib-Matrix-4 (DM4) and in this paper DM4 is enhanced with a Tabu list (T) and adapted to plan the shortest route for the drilling robot arm: the proposed method is entitled Dhouib-Matrix-4-Tabu (DM4-T). In fact, DM4-T combines two techniques in a multi-start structure: (i) An initial basic solution is generated using the novel Dhouib-Matrix-TSP1 heuristic (ii) this initial solution is intensified via the innovative Far-to-Near local search technique with the Tabu list. Experimental results indicate the performance and robustness of DM4-T to solve several instances up to 2152 holes. Indeed, DM4- T outperforms several existing metaheuristics in the literature such as Genetic Algorithm, Ants Colony Optimization, Integrated Genetic Simulated Annealing and Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm.
The geographies of veganism: Exploring the complex entanglements of places, plants, peoples, and profits through vegan food practices
Authors: Herman Agatha , O’Neill Kirstie
Published: January 2025

The increasing visibility of veganism and plant-based eating makes it timely for environmental geographers to critically engage with these unfolding debates. In this review, we unpack the complex socio-environmental entanglements of contemporary vegan food practices (VFPs), drawing on food geography literature to reflect on the extent to which veganism can, and does, challenge and transform the hegemonic industrial globalised food system. We consider the productive conversations to be had with sustainability, food sovereignty, food justice and vegetal geographies in promoting the collective potential of VFPs beyond the individualisation of mainstreamed, ‘plant-based’ business-as-usual; re-centring production, hitherto relatively invisible in the hegemonic consideration of veganism as just consumption praxis; and engaging with ‘multi-elemental’ plant ethics. This offers a cross-pollination of ideas through a focus on the geographies of veganism, which promotes the development of relational, placed and scaled analyses of vegan identities, experiences and practices while also bridging the intradisciplinary silos within environmental geography. Engaging with the geographies of veganism offers a timely and grounded lens to critically interrogate key contemporary debates around diverse knowledges, sustainability and justice. As such, the alternative ways of doing, being and relating offered by VFPs show real potential for hopeful, responsive and constructive research.
Potentiating CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy by targeting complement C3 fragment covalently deposited on lymphoma cells
Authors: Baskar Sivasubramanian , Peng Haiyong , Gaglione Erika M , Carstens Elizabeth J , Lindorfer Margaret A , Ahn Inhye E. , Herman Sarah E.M. , Skarzynski Martin , Chang Jing , Keyvanfar Keyvan , Butera Vicent , Blackburn Amy Z , Vire Berengere , Maric Irina , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Yuan Constance M , Eckhaus Michael A , Soto Susan , Farooqui Mohammed Z.H. , Taylor Ronald P , Rader Christoph , Wiestner Adrian
Published: January 2025

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) improve survival of patients with mature B-cell malignancies. Fcγ-receptor dependent effector mechanisms kill tumor cells but can promote antigen loss through trogocytosis, contributing to treatment failures. Cell-bound mAbs trigger the complement cascade to deposit C3 activation fragments and lyse cells. Within 24 hours after ofatumumab administration to patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), circulating tumor cells had lost CD20 and were opsonized with C3d. We hypothesized that C3d provides a target to eliminate residual CD20 negative tumor cells. To test this hypothesis, we generated C8xi, a mouse/human chimeric IgG1 that reacts with human but not mouse C3d. C8xi was effective in a patient-derived xenograft model against CD20 negative, C3d opsonized CLL cells from patients treated with ofatumumab. We also generated rabbit mAbs, two of which were chosen because they bound mouse and human C3d with low nanomolar affinity but were minimally cross-reactive with full-length C3. Anti-C3d rabbit/human chimeric IgG1 in combination with ofatumumab or rituximab prolonged survival of xenografted mice that model three different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). For example, in a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma model (SU-DHL-6), median survival with single-agent CD20 mAb was 114 days but was not reached for mAb combination treatment (P=.008). In another NHL model (SU-DHL-4), single-agent and combination mAb therapy eradicated lymphoma in most mice. In long-term survivors from both cohorts, there was no evidence of adverse effects. We propose that C3d mAbs combined with complement fixing CD20 mAbs can deliver a one-two punch and increase efficacy of mAb-based therapy.
Targeting Senescent Stemlike Subpopulations in Philadelphia Chromosome-Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Ding Yang-Yang , Sussman Jonathan H , Madden Kellyn , Loftus Joseph P , Chen Robert K , Falkenstein Catherine D , Barcenas Lopez Diego Alberto , Hottman David A , Mathier Benjamin , Yu Wenbao , Xu Jason , Chen Changya , Chen Chia-Hui , He Bing , Bandyopadhyay Shovik , Zhang Zhan , Lee DongGeun , Wang Hong , Peng Junmin , Dang Chi V , Tan Kai , Tasian Sarah K
Published: January 2025

Philadelphia chromosome-like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is driven by genetic alterations that induce constitutive kinase signaling and is associated with chemoresistance and high relapse risk in children and adults. Preclinical studies in the most common CRLF2-rearranged/JAK pathway-activated Ph-like ALL subtype have shown variable responses to JAK inhibitor-based therapies, suggesting incomplete oncogene addiction and highlighting a need to elucidate alternative biologic dependencies and therapeutic vulnerabilities, while the ABL-class Ph-like ALL subtype appears preferentially sensitive to SRC/ABL- or PDGFRB-targeting inhibitors. Which patients may be responsive versus resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based precision medicine approaches remains a critical knowledge gap. Using bulk and single-cell multiomics analyses, we profiled residual cells from CRLF2-rearranged or ABL1-rearranged Ph-like ALL patient-derived xenograft models treated in vivo with targeted inhibitors to identify TKI-resistant subpopulations and potential mechanisms of therapeutic escape. We detected a specific MYC dependency in Ph-like ALL cells and defined a new leukemia cell subpopulation with senescence-associated stem cell-like features regulated by AP-1 transcription factors. This dormant ALL subpopulation was effectively eradicated by dual pharmacologic inhibition of BCL-2 and JAK/STAT or SRC/ABL pathways, a clinically-relevant therapeutic strategy. Single cell-derived molecular signatures of this senescence and stem/progenitor-like subpopulation further predicted poor clinical outcomes associated with other high-risk genetic subtypes of childhood B-ALL and thus may have broader prognostic applicability beyond Ph-like ALL.
Extended clinical phenotypes and treatment modalities in 32 JAGN1-deficient patients. A multicenter study by EBMT IEWP
Authors: Fekadu-Siebald Julia , Salzmann-Manrique Emilia , Heusel Jan Robert , Willasch Andre , Hauck Fabian , Gonzalez-Granado Luis Ignacio , Chavoshzadeh Zahra , Sharafian Samin , Cuntz Franziska , Baris Safa , Finocchi Andrea , Algeri Mattia , Sherkat Roya , Klaudel-Dreszler Maja , Zeidler Cornelia , Bellanné-Chantelot Christine , Kindle Gerhard , Beaupain Blandine , Paillard Catherine , Seidel Markus G , Bader Peter , Albert Michael H , Neven Bénédicte , Donadieu Jean , Bakhtiar Shahrzad
Published: January 2025

JAGN1 (Jagunal-homolog1) is a ER-resident transmembrane protein which is part of the early secretory pathway and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor mediated signaling. Autosomal recessively inherited variants in the JAGN1 gene lead to congenital neutropenia, early-onset bacterial infections, aphthosis and skin abscesses due to aberrant differentiation and maturation of neutrophils. In addition, bone metabolism disorders and a syndromic phenotype, including facial features, short stature and neurodevelopmental delay, have been reported in affected patients. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is a treatment option for patients who respond poorly to therapy with colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF, G-CSF) and those who suffer from complicated infections despite treatment. In a retrospective multicenter study by EBMT IEWP in close collaboration with ESID and the French Neutropenia registry, data from 32 patients with JAGN1 deficiency were collected to describe the natural course of the disease, perform a phenotype-genotype analysis and evaluate the responses to various treatment modalities. Patients presented with nine distinct homozygous mutations in JAGN1. All patients experienced early-onset infectious complications. Twelve patients presented a syndromic phenotype with short stature and facial features. Neurodevelopmental delay was observed only in four patients from three families. The most common variant c.3G>A p.Met1, found in nine patients in our cohort was never connected to extramedullary symptoms except for a short stature in one patient, whereas patients with the variants c.63G>T, p.Glu21Asp and c130c>T p.His44 Tyr presented more often with syndromic facial features and bone metabolism disorders. Six patients received allogeneic stem cell transplantation due to therapy-refractory neutropenia and severe infections, and one received the graft because of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Two patients had to undergo a second transplantation because of autologous reconstitution despite receiving myeloablative regimens. One untransplanted patient died at the age of five years due to pancolitis and septicemia. All 31 other patients were reported to be alive and healthy at the last follow-up under supportive care.
Maximum Tumor Diameter is Associated with Relapse Risk in Limited-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: An International Study
Authors: Phillips Elizabeth H , Counsell Nicholas , Illidge Tim M , André Marc , Aurer Igor , Fiaccadori Valeria , Fortpied Catherine , Neven Anouk , Federico Massimo , Barrington Sally F , Raemaekers John M , Radford John
Published: January 2025

Tumour bulk is an established prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) but most patients with limited-stage (LS) HL do not have 'bulk' by standard binary definitions. In the RAPID trial, maximum tumor diameter (MTD) was associated with risk of relapse for LS-HL patients achieving PET-negativity after ABVD chemotherapy. We aimed to externally validate these findings in the H10 trial. Patients with stage I/IIA HL, without mediastinal bulk, who achieved PET-negativity with ABVD were included. 'PET-negative' patients received 3x ABVD plus radiotherapy (n=208) or 3x ABVD alone (n=211) in RAPID, and 3-4x ABVD plus radiotherapy (n=556) or 4-6x ABVD alone (n=303) in H10. Baseline MTD was measured by CT. MTD was strongly associated with event-free survival (relapse or HL-related death) in H10 (HR=1.22, 95%CI:1.07-1.38, p=0.003), a similar effect to the RAPID trial (HR=1.19, 95%CI:1.02-1.39, p=0.02), giving an estimated 21% increase in HL-risk per centimetre MTD (HRpooled=1.21, 95%CI:1.09-1.33, p<0.001). Findings were consistent when adjusting for baseline risk stratification and chemotherapy cycles. The effect sizes were similar for patients treated with chemotherapy alone (HRpooled=1.19, 95%CI:1.01-1.35, p=0.005) and combined modality treatment (ABVD plus radiotherapy; HRpooled=1.24, 95%CI:1.05-1.46, p=0.009) with no evidence of a differential effect (pinteraction=0.97). Treatment modality and MTD were independent risk factors; patients with higher MTD receiving chemotherapy alone had the greatest risk of relapse. This international validation study confirms that MTD is strongly associated with the risk of relapse for LS-HL patients achieving PET-negativity. These findings refine assessment of risk in LS-HL and can inform clinical discussions for risk-adapted application of radiotherapy. NCT00943423 and NCT00433433
Earnings attainment in the three main cities of Southeastern Brazil: social networks and communities of worship
Authors: Higgins Silvio Segundo Salej , Neves Jorge Alexandre Barbosa , Mattar Luciano
Published: January 2025

Following the field of insertion into the labor market, we tested the classic hypothesis of the strength of weak ties in the three largest cities in the Southeast Region of Brazil, with a focus on communities of religious worship. A survey was carried out in 2021 with 900 questionnaires divided equally among the three cities, weighted considering the size of the population and the distribution of religious affiliation. We investigated: (1) whether the strength of ties leverages the labor insertion of adults; (2) whether religious cult communities operate as mechanisms for the circulation of opportunities in the labor market. The data were analyzed with Heckman’s two-stage correction models to mitigate possible censoring biases. Controlling by seniority in the position and participation of three sampled cities in gross national product, inter alia, the results show that strong ties, as predicted by the strength of ties theory, are associated with lower earnings. At the same time, obtaining a paid job through another cult member is negatively associated with earnings. However, when testing our main hypothesis, we found that in the three largest cities in the Southeast Region of Brazil the religious embeddedness, composed of strong ties, high worship attendance and religious motivations coming from maternal ties, operate plausibly in labor market as favorable screen mechanism associated with higher earnings.
DFAST_QC: quality assessment and taxonomic identification tool for prokaryotic Genomes
Authors: Elmanzalawi Mohamed , Fujisawa Takatomo , Mori Hiroshi , Nakamura Yasukazu , Tanizawa Yasuhiro
Published: January 2025

Background

Accurate taxonomic classification in genome databases is essential for reliable biological research and effective data sharing. Mislabeling or inaccuracies in genome annotations can lead to incorrect scientific conclusions and hinder the reproducibility of research findings. Despite advances in genome analysis techniques, challenges persist in ensuring precise and reliable taxonomic assignments. Existing tools for genome verification often involve extensive computational resources or lengthy processing times, which can limit their accessibility and scalability for large-scale projects. There is a need for more efficient, user-friendly solutions that can handle diverse datasets and provide accurate results with minimal computational demands. This work aimed to address these challenges by introducing a novel tool that enhances taxonomic accuracy, offers a user-friendly interface, and supports large-scale analyses.

Results

We introduce a novel tool for the quality control and taxonomic classification tool of prokaryotic genomes, called DFAST_QC, which is available as both a command-line tool and a web service. DFAST_QC can quickly identify species based on NCBI and GTDB taxonomies by combining genome-distance calculations using MASH with ANI calculations using Skani. We evaluated DFAST_QC's performance in species identification and found it to be highly consistent with existing taxonomic standards, successfully identifying species across diverse datasets. In several cases, DFAST_QC identified potential mislabeling of species names in public databases and highlighted discrepancies in current classifications, demonstrating its capability to uncover errors and enhance taxonomic accuracy. Additionally, the tool’s efficient design allows it to operate smoothly on local machines with minimal computational requirements, making it a practical choice for large-scale genome projects.

Conclusions

DFAST_QC is a reliable and efficient tool for accurate taxonomic identification and genome quality control, well-suited for large-scale genomic studies. Its compatibility with limited-resource environments, combined with its user-friendly design, ensures seamless integration into existing workflows. DFAST_QC's ability to refine species assignments in public databases highlights its value as a complementary tool for maintaining and enhancing the accuracy of taxonomic data in genomic research. The web version is available at https://dfast.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/dqc/submit/, and the source code for local use can be found at https://github.com/nigyta/dfast_qc.
Antifungal, toxicological, and colorimetric properties of Origanum vulgare, Moringa oleifera, and Cinnamomum verum essential oils mixture against Egyptian Prince Yusuf Palace deteriorative fungi
Authors: Mohamed Asmaa Alhussein , Ahmed Mahgoub A. , Korayem Abdallah S. , Abu-Hussien Samah H. , Rashidy Wael Bakry
Published: January 2025

The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to conventional antifungal agents has prompted extensive research into the antifungal properties of plant essential oils (EOs). This study investigates the use of EOs mixture (Origanum vulgare, Moringa oleifera, and Cinnamomum verum) for controlling fungal deterioration in wall paintings at the archaeological Youssef Kamal Palace in Nag Hammadi, Egypt. Fungal isolates were collected from deteriorated wall paintings and identified using phenotypic and genotypic analyses. Aspergillus sp. was found to be the predominant species (50%), followed by Penicillium sp. (16.7%), Fusarium sp. (16.7%), and others. They were genetically identified to be Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium solani, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, and Trichoderma viride. The antifungal activity of three individual oils (oregano, moringa and cinnamon) was evaluated against the most predominant A. niger strain. Out of the three oils, oregano oil showed the strongest antifungal effect with an inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 4.5 cm followed by moringa (3.5 cm) and cinnamon (3.2 cm). A mixture design approach optimized the EOs combination, with the most effective composition being (44% oregano, 46% moringa, 10% cinnamon), yielding an IZD of 6.5 cm. The optimized EOs mixture demonstrated complete inhibition against all tested fungal strains. The minimal inhibitory concentration tests showed varying efficacies against different fungal strains, with MIC values ranging from 125 to 500 µg/mL. GC-MS analysis identified the major bioactive compounds: carvacrol (83.25%) in oregano, trans-13-octadecenoic acid (22.62%) in moringa, and cinnamaldehyde (24.42%) in cinnamon. Cytotoxicity testing on human skin fibroblasts (HSF) showed minimal toxicity of EOs mixture with 87.64% cell viability at 100 µg/ml. Colorimetric measurements revealed some colour changes in experimental painting samples, particularly with cinnamon oil on white pigment (ΔE = 9.64) and moringa oil on a yellow pigment (ΔE = 16.31). However, oregano oil consistently showed the least impact across all pigments. These findings demonstrate the potential of the EOs combination as an effective, eco-friendly approach to mitigating fungal deterioration in wall paintings, contributing to sustainable conservation strategies for cultural heritage preservation.
Organizational readiness for implementation: a qualitative assessment to explain survey responses
Authors: McClam Maria , Workman Lauren , Walker Timothy J. , Dias Emanuelle M. , Craig Derek W. , Padilla Joe R. , Lamont Andrea E. , Wandersman Abraham , Fernandez Maria E.
Published: January 2025

Background

One factor considered essential to successful implementation is organizational readiness. The purpose of this study was to explore ways to improve the measurement of organizational readiness, and in particular to refine a preliminary measure based on the Readiness = Motivation x innovation Specific Capacity x General Capacity (R = MC2) heuristic. We assessed the experiences of staff in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) implementing evidence-based interventions (EBIs) designed to increase colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) who previously completed the survey and aimed to understand their perspectives on why our data were positively skewed.

Methods

We conducted a series of qualitative interviews with FQHC employees who had previously completed the readiness survey and/or been involved with the distribution of the readiness survey. Interviews were conducted via Zoom, recorded, transcribed. Data was analyzed using an inductive approach to identify key emergent themes.

Results

Analyses revealed numerous contributors to high organizational readiness assessment scores including concerns about confidentiality, social desirability bias, knowledge of respondents about the survey content, and the survey format. Specific to the survey format, we found that survey length and response scaling likely impacted scores and the overall survey experience. Lastly, some participants shared that the tendency for high scores may reflect actual perceptions because FQHC staff are passionate, work well in teams, and typically have already worked hard to improve CRCS rates through evidence-based interventions.

Conclusion

Study findings reinforce the importance of collaborative and community-engaged survey design and the need to address the common challenges dissemination and implementation surveys may be vulnerable to. Lessons learned can be applied to other measurement work and surveys conducted across public health research. The findings will inform continued organizational readiness measure development and have implications for measurement of other factors influencing implementation.
Genetic and morphological shifts associated with climate change in a migratory bird
Authors: Adams Nicole , Dias Tiffany , Skeen Heather R. , Pegan Teresa , Willard David E. , Winger Ben , Ruegg Kristen , Weeks Brian C. , Bay Rachael
Published: January 2025

Background

Rapid morphological change is emerging as a consequence of climate change in many systems. It is intuitive to hypothesize that temporal morphological trends are driven by the same selective pressures that have established well-known ecogeographic patterns over spatial environmental gradients (e.g., Bergman’s and Allen’s rules). However, mechanistic understanding of contemporary morphological shifts is lacking.

Results

We combine morphological data and whole genome sequencing from a four-decade dataset in the migratory bird hermit thrush (Catharus guttatus) to test whether morphological shifts over time are accompanied by genetic change. Using genome-wide association, we identify alleles associated with body size, bill length, and wing length. Shifts in morphology and concordant shifts in morphology-associated alleles over time would support a genetic basis for the observed changes in morphology over recent decades, potentially an adaptive response to climate change. In our data, bill size decreases were paralleled by genetic shifts in bill size-associated alleles. On the other hand, alleles associated with body size showed no shift in frequency over time.

Conclusions

Together, our results show mixed support for evolutionary explanations of morphological response to climate change. Temporal shifts in alleles associated with bill size support the hypothesis that selection is driving temporal morphological trends. The lack of evidence for genetic shifts in body size alleles could be explained by a large role of plasticity or technical limitations associated with the likely polygenic architecture of body size, or both. Disentangling the mechanisms responsible for observed morphological response to changing environments will be vital for predicting future organismal and population responses to climate change.
Understanding the dynamics driving obesity in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods: an expert-based systems map
Authors: ter Ellen Fleur , Oude Groeniger Joost , Stronks Karien , Hagenaars Luc L. , Kamphuis Carlijn B.M. , Mackenbach Joreintje D. , Beenackers Mariëlle A. , Freijer Karen , Coenen Pieter , Poelman Maartje , Oude Hengel Karen M. , van Lenthe Frank J.
Published: January 2025

Background

Over the past decades, the prevalence of obesity among adults has rapidly increased, particularly in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods. To better understand the complex mechanisms behind this trend, we created a system map exposing the underlying system driving obesity prevalence in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods over the last three decades in the Netherlands.

Methods

We conducted Group Model Building (GMB) sessions with a group of thirteen interdisciplinary experts to develop a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) of the obesogenic system. Using system-based analysis, the underlying system dynamics were interpreted.

Results

The CLD demonstrates the food environment, physical activity environment, socioeconomic environment and socio-political environment, and their interactions. We identified the following overarching reinforcing dynamics in the obesogenic system in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods: (1) adverse socioeconomic conditions and an unhealthy food environment reinforced each other, (2) increased social distance between social groups and adverse socioeconomic conditions reinforced each other and (3) increased social distance between institutions and communities and the normalisation of unhealthy behaviours reinforced each other. These deeper system dynamics further reinforced chronic stress, sedentary behaviour, sleeping problems, unhealthy diets and reduced physical activity over time. In turn, these dynamics led to the emergent result of rising obesity prevalence in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods over the past decades.

Conclusions

Our study sheds light on the system dynamics leading to neighbourhoods with an unhealthy food environment, challenging socioeconomic conditions, a widening distance between social groups and an infrastructure that discouraged physical activity while promoting sedentary behaviour. Our insights can form the basis for the development of an integrated approach aimed at reshaping the obesogenic system in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods.