bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of glucometabolic abnormalities in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Without Previously Known Diabetes
Authors: Habib Mohammed
Published: June 2024

Background Patients with diabetes have an increased morbidity from acute myocardial infarction. The objective of this study was to characterize the glucometabolic profile during the hospital phase of patients with acute coronary syndrome without known of diabetes mellitus Methods A total of 80 patients with acute coronary syndrome and no previous diagnosis of diabetes. Patients consecutively admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in cerrahpasa faculty of medicine - coronary care unit were included. Glucometabolic status evaluated by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed 5-10 days after admission of an ACS. Plasma glucose was measured at fasting, 60 minutes and 120 minutes after glucose load. Results The mean age was 58±13 years. Based on the OGTT, they were defined as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 31, 39%), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 28, %35), or diabetes (n = 21, %26). Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in patients with ACS is high. About 61% of the patients with ACS had undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, as determined by an oral glucose tolerance test. The test could easily be performed shortly after diagnosis of ACS in all patients.
A Novel Presentation: Epsilon Waves in the Electrocardiogram of a Patient with Dravet Syndrome Without Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Bermejo Valdés Alejandro Jesús
Published: June 2024

We document for the first time epsilon waves on the electrocardiogram of a patient with Dravet syndrome (DS) who does not exhibit structural cardiac pathology. DS, a severe form of pediatric epilepsy, involves mutations in the SCN1A gene, which disrupt sodium ion flow and increase the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. The epsilon waves, typically associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, may also suggest a link between neuronal and cardiac dysfunctions. In our case, the epsilon waves appear to originate from abnormalities in sodium channels rather than structural changes in the myocardium. This finding underscores the importance of assessing both neurological and cardiac manifestations in patients with severe epilepsy, opening new avenues for the research and treatment of these interactions in DS.
AKUNTABILITAS PEMERINTAHAN DESA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN JALAN DESA DI DESA PENGABUAN KABUPATEN PENUKAL ABAB LEMATANG ILIR
Authors: Lastri Esti , Amaliatulwaliadain Amaliatulwaliadain , Isabella Isabella
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana akuntabilitas pemerintah desa dalam pengelolaan desa keuangan terhadap pengembangan jalan desa Abab distrik Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, pengamatan, teknik analisis data melalui informasi dari wawancaranya dan dokumen dan arsip. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan diskusi yang dilakukan, penelitian ini memperoleh kesimpulan tentang tanggung jawab pemerintah desa dalam pengelolaan keuangan desa terhadap pembangunan jalan di desa Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir. Hal ini timbul dari beberapa hal yang telah diperoleh bahwa setiap proses pengembangan yang telah dilakukan tidak selalu sesuai dengan harapan masyarakat, masyarakat kurang berpartisipasi, saran dalam studi ini lebih meningkatkan keterbukaan, partisipasi masyarakat lebih terkoordinasi, pemerintah desa dan rakyat juga diharapkan di masa depan lebih berkomunikasi satu sama lain untuk memajukan pengembangan desa dan demi kepentingan bersama.
JERZY SKOLIMOWSKI
Authors: Mazierska Ewa
Published: June 2024

Jerzy Skolimowski is one of the most original Polish directors and one of only a handful who has gained genuine recognition abroad. This is the first monograph, written in English, to be devoted to his cinema. It covers Skolimowski's career from his early successes in Poland, such as Identification Marks: None and Barrier, through his émigré films, Deep End, Moonlighting and The Lightship, to his return to Poland where, in 2008, he made the internationally acclaimed Four Nights with Anna. Ewa Mazierska addresses the main features of Skolimowski's films, such as their affinity to autobiographism and surrealism, while discussing their characters, narratives, visual style, soundtracks, and the uses of literature. She draws on a wide range of cinematic and literary texts, situating Skolimowski's work within the context of Polish and world cinema, and drawing parallels between his work and that of two directors, with whom he tends to be compared, Roman Polański and Jean-Luc Godard.
Sub-Saharan African experience of neurosurgical oncology care: challenges and barriers encountered at 7 cancer treatment centers
Authors: Ashagere Yordanos , Shabani Hamisi K. , Labuschagne Jason , Copeland William , Nketiah-Boakye Frank , Sichizya Kachinga , Ahmad Misbahu Haruna , Gurara Addisalem Belete , Schroeder Kristin , Chotai Silky , Haizel-Cobbina Joseline , Dewan Michael C.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

Wide disparities in neurosurgical oncology care and treatment outcomes exist globally despite recent improvements in diagnostics and cancer therapy. To better understand the challenges to neurosurgical oncology care in low-resource settings, the authors collected data on national neurosurgical capacity and hospital diagnostic and treatment capacity across 7 national referral hospitals in 7 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

METHODS

In April 2023, a 42-item self-administered questionnaire was distributed to partner neurosurgeons at the 7 centers via REDCap to provide country- and hospital-level capacity data on neurosurgical oncology care.

RESULTS

Neurosurgical and neurosurgical oncology care were reported to be available in a limited number of provinces, states, regions, and counties in 6 of the 7 countries. The general neurosurgical workforce density across the 7 countries ranged from 0.03 to 0.67 per 100,000 persons, and that of the pediatric neurosurgical workforce ranged from 0 to 0.05 per 100,000 persons. Two centers had no pediatric ICUs, and the remaining 5 centers had pediatric ICUs with bed capacities between 1 and 8. One hospital had neither a CT nor an MRI scanner available and relied solely on private diagnostic facilities for neuroimaging. Histopathology services were largely limited to basic histopathology staining only; molecular subtyping was available at a single center. Three hospitals offered pediatric anesthesia expertise. None of the hospitals offered subspecialty neuro-oncology care or had a pediatric neuro-oncologist. None of the 7 hospitals had formal neurocritical care, neuroradiology, or neuropathology expertise. Neither adjuvant chemotherapy nor radiotherapy was available at 3 centers. Rehabilitation was largely limited to basic physical and occupational therapy at all 7 centers. Although all 7 countries had a multiple health payer system, the payment structure differed across the 7 hospitals for different neurosurgical oncology services, with patients making out-of-pocket payments for all services in some cases.

CONCLUSIONS

There are significant challenges to timely and quality neurosurgical oncology care in SSA especially for children. System-level interventions are needed to strengthen neurosurgical oncology care capacity in SSA.
Fluoroscopic sniff test as a diagnostic tool for phrenic nerve injury in patients with traumatic brachial plexus injury
Authors: Watanapokasin Pasin , Monteerarat Yuwarat , Ongsiriporn Mathee , Limthongthang Roongsak , Vathana Torpon , Laohaprasitiporn Panai
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

Traumatic brachial plexus injury (BPI) is a high-morbidity condition with an escalating incidence. One of the treatment options is neurotization using the ipsilateral phrenic nerve. Therefore, diagnosis of nerve dysfunction is a crucial step in preoperative planning. This study aimed to assess the accuracy and reliability of the fluoroscopic sniff test for preoperative diagnosis of phrenic nerve injury in patients with traumatic BPI.

METHODS

The study was conducted from June 2019 to August 2023 at a tertiary care hospital. A preoperative fluoroscopic sniff test was performed. During brachial plexus surgery, direct phrenic nerve stimulation was conducted as a gold standard of phrenic nerve function. Two nonoperating orthopedic surgeons interpreted the accuracy and reliability of the test.

RESULTS

Seventy-four patients with traumatic BPI (66 males and 8 females) with a median age of 26 years were enrolled. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the fluoroscopic sniff test were 90.9% (95% CI 75.7%−98.1%), 100% (95% CI 91.4%−100%), 100% (95% CI 88.4%−100%), 93.2% (95% CI 82.3%−97.6%), and 95.9% (95% CI 88.6%−99.2%), respectively. Interobserver reliability showed excellent agreement (κ = 1, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The fluoroscopic sniff test was proven to be an accurate, reliable, and simple tool to evaluate phrenic nerve function in patients with traumatic BPI. Preoperative testing should be performed to reduce operative time to identify the phrenic nerve as a donor for nerve transfer surgery in cases in which no function is detected from the fluoroscopic sniff test.
Characteristics of radiation-induced brain tumors: case series and systematic review
Authors: Onishi Shumpei , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Kinoshita Yasuyuki , Amatya Vishwa Jeet , Yonezawa Ushio , Taguchi Akira , Ozono Iori , Maeda Yugo , Khairunnisa Novita Ikbar , Go Yukari , Takeshima Yukio , Horie Nobutaka
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

Radiation therapy (RT) improves the outcome of patients with cancer but introduces the risk of radiation-induced neoplasms in cancer survivors. The most common radiation-induced brain tumors (RIBTs) are gliomas (RIGs), meningiomas (RIMs), and sarcomas (RISs). To investigate the characteristics of these RIBTs, the authors conducted a comprehensive review and analysis of their case series and relevant cases from the literature.

METHODS

Sixteen patients in the case series and 941 patients from the literature who previously underwent cranial irradiation were included in this study. The age at irradiation for primary disease was recorded, and the latency period from irradiation to the development of RIBT and the median overall survival (OS) of patients with RIBTs were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Patients were stratified by age at the time of irradiation (pediatric vs nonpediatric) and the irradiation dose (higher vs lower dose), and latency and OS were compared using the log-rank test.

RESULTS

Among patients with RIBTs, 23.4% underwent radiation at < 5 years of age, and 46.6% underwent RT in the 1st decade of life. The median ages at cranial irradiation were 8.4 (IQR 4.1–16) years in patients with RIMs, 9 (IQR 5–23) years in patients with RIGs, and 27.7 (IQR 13.8–40) years in patients with RISs. The median latency period from irradiation to the development of RIM was significantly longer than that to the development of RIG and RIS (RIM: 20 years, RIG: 9 years, RIS: 10 years; p < 0.0001). The latency period was shorter in the nonpediatric patient group with RIMs (p = 0.047). The OS was significantly longer in patients with RIMs than in those with RIGs and RISs (RIM: not reached, RIG: 11 months, RIS: 11 months; p < 0.0001). The OS of patients with RIMs and RIGs was significantly shorter in patients who received higher radiation doses (p = 0.0095 and p = 0.0026, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

The prognosis was poor and worse for patients with RIGs and RISs than for those with RIMs, and patients with RIBTs who underwent higher-dose irradiation for primary disease had poor prognoses. Because RIBTs develop more than a decade after cranial irradiation, long-term follow-up is crucial.
Importance of the lumbar paraspinal muscles on the maintenance of global sagittal alignment after lumbar pedicle subtraction osteotomy
Authors: Caffard Thomas , Arzani Artine , Amoroso Krizia , Chiapparelli Erika , Medina Samuel J. , Schönnagel Lukas , Zhu Jiaqi , Verna Bruno , Finos Kyle , Nathoo Isaac , Tani Soji , Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Guven Ali E. , Zadeh Arman , Tan Ek Tsoon , Carrino John A. , Shue Jennifer , Dobrindt Oliver , Zippelius Timo , Dalton David , Sama Andrew A. , Girardi Federico P. , Cammisa Frank P. , Hughes Alexander P.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

There are limited data about the influence of the lumbar paraspinal muscles on the maintenance of sagittal alignment after pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) and the risk factors for sagittal realignment failure. The authors aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative lumbar paraspinal muscle quality on the postoperative maintenance of sagittal alignment after lumbar PSO.

METHODS

Patients who underwent lumbar PSO with preoperative lumbar MRI and pre- and postoperative whole-spine radiography in the standing position were included. Spinopelvic measurements included pelvic incidence, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, L1–S1 lordosis, T4–12 thoracic kyphosis, spinosacral angle, C7–S1 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 pelvic angle, and mismatch between pelvic incidence and L1–S1 lordosis. Validated custom software was used to calculate the percent fat infiltration (FI) of the psoas major, as well as the erector spinae and multifidus (MF). A multivariable linear mixed model was applied to further examine the association between MF FI and the postoperative progression of SVA over time, accounting for repeated measures over time that were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and length of follow-up.

RESULTS

Seventy-seven patients were recruited. The authors’ results demonstrated significant correlations between MF FI and the maintenance of corrected sagittal alignment after PSO. After adjustment for the aforementioned parameters, the model showed that the MF FI was significantly associated with the postoperative progression of positive SVA over time. A 1% increase from the preoperatively assessed total MF FI was correlated with an increase of 0.92 mm in SVA postoperatively (95% CI 0.42–1.41, p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

This study included a large patient cohort with midterm follow-up after PSO and emphasized the importance of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in the maintenance of sagittal alignment correction. Surgeons should assess the quality of the MF preoperatively in patients undergoing PSO to identify patients with severe FI, as they may be at higher risk for sagittal decompensation.
Spinal neurenteric cysts: experience with 9 cases via an anterior cervical approach
Authors: Xin Zong , Du Yueqi , Zhang Can , Zhang Boyan , Qi Maoyang , Meng Hongfeng , Jin Tianyu , Chan Chee Kong , Chen Zan , Duan Wanru
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE

Intraspinal cysts are uncommon, and the success rate of complete resection is still low for spinal neurenteric cysts (NCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacies of an anterior microscopic surgical approach in the treatment of ventral and ventrolateral subaxial cervical NCs (SCNCs).

METHODS

Between 2019 and 2022, 9 patients with NCs of the subaxial spine underwent an anterior microsurgical approach. Their clinical presentations, radiological features, operative findings, and follow-up data were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

RESULTS

All spinal cysts were intradural and extramedullary in origin. Five patients were first-time cases while 4 patients with recurrence underwent revision surgery. The most common clinical manifestation was pain (77.78%). One patient was found to have a concomitant disorder of Klippel-Feil syndrome. Microscopically confirmed gross-total resection was achieved in 8 patients (88.89%) based on clinical comparisons between pre- and postoperative MRI and intraoperative video. One patient had symptom recurrence 1 year after subtotal resection, while there was no evidence of recurrence during follow-up for the other patients. Dense adhesions within the spinal cord were observed in 8 patients (88.89%) intraoperatively. Most importantly, the surgical outcome was significantly improved in all patients, and the mean (± SE) Japanese Orthopaedic Association score increased from 11.33 ± 0.91 preoperatively to 16.22 ± 0.32 postoperatively (p = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS

An anterior surgical approach was proven to be both safe and effective in treating the ventral or ventrolateral SCNCs. The authors believe that an anterior microsurgical approach should be considered as a useful approach especially in patients with ventral recurrent SCNCs. Its clinical efficacy compared with a posterior approach in ventral spinal cyst may be better as most of the neurenteric cysts are ventrally or ventrolaterally located.
Comprehensive study on physico-chemical soil analysis for optimizing paddy (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Kamrup (Metro) district of Assam, India
Authors: HAZARIKA LINTON , BORA NIHAR RANJAN , RAMDEY KHARSING , BARUAH PRACHURJYA , DAS SUNTOO , BORAH BIJUMONI , SHAH KISHOR KR.
Published: June 2024

Rice being the staple food in Assam, its productivity should be increased for the availability of the common people. The main objective of this study is to compare the qualities of soil samples and to correlate the results with the production (per year) of paddy (Oryza sativa) from 3 different studied areas. The soil samples were collected during March-May, 2023. The oven dry method and drying and weighing method are used to determine bulk and particle densities respectively. The electrical conductivity and pH of the soil samples are determined using a benchtop conductivity meter and pH meter. Walkley-Black chromic acid wet oxidation method and methylene blue method are used to determine the organic carbon and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil samples respectively. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium of the soil samples are estimated using the instrument Mridaparikshak. The moisture content, bulk density, particle density, soil porosity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O are observed in the range of 24.69 % to 39.42 %, 1.12 g cm-3 to 1.25 gcm-3, 1.83 gcm-3 to 1.99 g/cm-3, 33 to 43, 2.8 × 10-5mol dm-3to 11.7x10-5 mol dm-3, 7.4 to 8, 0.23 dS/m to 0.40 dS/m, 0.645% to 1.49%, 213.20 kg/ha - 235.14 kg/ha, 17.92 kg/ha - 20.44 kg/ha and 148.92 kg/ha -164.45 kg/ha respectively. The soil characterized by moisture content =27.52 %, bulk density=1.25 gcm-3, particle density =1.86 g cm-3, porosity =33%, cation exchange capacity =11.7 x 10-5 mol dm-3, pH {(1:5) at 210C} = 7.9, electrical conductivity = 0.40 dS/m, organic carbon =0.825 %, organic matter =1.42 %, N =235.14 kg/ha, P2O5 = 20.44 kg/ha and K2O =164.45 kg/ha showed good yield.
Tekoälykäs viestintä
Authors: Niittymaa Jukka , Luoma-aho Vilma
Published: June 2024

Organisaatioiden viestintä, markkinointi ja asiakaspalvelu siirtyivät uuteen tekoälykkääseen aikaan loppuvuodesta 2022, kun yhdysvaltalainen OpenAI lanseerasi ChatGPT:n. Tekoälykäs viestintä, eli tässä artikkelissa generatiivisten tekoälyjen käyttö viestinnässä, voidaan nähdä joko työtä nopeuttavana tai hidastavana, sekä laatua parantavana tai heikentävänä. Uusia viestintätehtäviä avautuu: esimerkiksi tekoälyn syötteiden kirjoittamisesta, eli promptaamisesta, sekä tiedon totuudenmukaisuuden tarkistamisesta tulee uusia viestijöiden velvollisuuksia. Työkalujen ja alustojen muuttuessa nopeasti uudempiin oman osaamisen päivittämisestä tulee tulevaisuudessa jatkuvaa. Artikkeli esittelee minne digitaalisten media-areenoiden kenttään tekoälykäs viestintä sijoittuu, sekä koostaa nelikenttämäisen ”läpinäkyvyyskuution”, jonka avulla voidaan hahmottaa tekoälyn käytöstä viestimistä organisaatioissa. Lisäksi artikkeli summaa tekoälyn aiheuttamia muutoksia organisaatioiden viestinnän arvontuotannolle, ja esittelee kolme tulevaisuuden viestintää ohjaavaa propositiota tekoälykkäästä viestinnästä.
Generatiivisen tekoälyn siunaus ja kirous : viestintätyö ja viestintäalan kilpailudynamiikka muutoksessa
Authors: Ritala Paavo , Mero Joel , Pekkala Kaisa
Published: June 2024

Generatiivinen tekoäly on viestintäalalle sekä siunaus että kirous tekoälyn mullistaessa sisällöntuotannon parissa työskentelevien ammatti-identiteettiä ja alan kilpailudynamiikkaa. ”Uusi normaali” koventaa kilpailua viestintäalan toimijoiden välillä ja muokkaa viestinnän ammattilaisten totuttuja rutiineja. Kilpailussa menestyvät sellaiset yritykset ja ammattilaiset, jotka pystyvät hyödyntämään teknologian kehityksen ja samalla löytämään oman, ainutlaatuisen kulman luoda asiakasarvoa.
Improvement in autonomic balance through 12-week supplementation of a novel curcumin formulation in healthy Japanese adults: A randomized, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Yoshitaka Kuwabara , Lee Hyunjin , Hirose Akiko , Makino Yuji , Hashimoto Kyohei , Sakata Misaki , Watanabe Tadashi
Published: June 2024

Background: Curcumin has several health benefits due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,
but its bioavailability is very low, limiting its potential. We have developed a novel curcumin formulation, TS-P1, which
has an 85.2-fold higher bioavailability of curcumin than raw curcumin.
 
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of TS-P1 on fatigue, mood status, and autonomic function.
 
Methods: Ninety healthy Japanese adults were randomized to the placebo or TS-P1 group and took either the placebo
or TS-P1 containing 150 mg of curcumin for 12 weeks. Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F) scores, Profile of
Mood States Questionnaire second edition (POMS2) scores, and autonomic functions were measured every 4 weeks.
 
Results: Both groups showed an improvement in the VAS-F over the study period, but there was no significant
difference between the placebo and TS-P1 groups. However, the mean change from baseline in the anger and
depression scores of the POMS2, particularly in those aged 40 and over, in the TS-P1 group showed a greater range
of decline at week 12. The mean change from baseline in LnLF and LF/HF also decreased in the TS-P1 group. Blood
pressure also decreased in the TS-P1 group.
 
Conclusions: These data suggest that TS-P1 induced a parasympathetic dominant state, and that curcumin has an
important role in the regulation of autonomic balance. 12 weeks of supplementation of TS-P1 is expected to improve
both mood status and vascular function.
 
Trial registration: UMIN000050377
 
Foundation: Theravalues Corporation
 
Keywords: curcumin; TS-P1: Theracurmin Super; mood status; autonomic balance, parasympathetic dominance;
vascular function
Zależność instytutów zakonnych od Stolicy Apostolskiej
Authors: Grzegorczyk Mateusz
Published: June 2024

Ustawodawca kościelny przyznaje instytutom zakonnym słuszną autonomię w zakresie realizacji ich misji, jednak nie jest ona nieograniczona. W niniejszym artykule wyjaśniona została istota wspomnianej autonomii instytutów zakonnych – tak na prawie papieskim, jak i instytutów diecezjalnych, przy jednoczesnym wskazaniu i omówieniu ich zależności od Stolicy Świętej. To wzajemne powiązanie znajduje urzeczywistnienie w takich obszarach jak: zatwierdzanie władz zakonnych, zmiany w konstytucjach i statutach, kwestiach dotyczących zarządzania dobrami czy szeroko rozumianej formacji. W analizie omawianego problemu badawczego konieczne jest uwzględnienie kwestii eklezjologicznych, jurydycznych oraz teleologicznych zależności instytutów zakonnych od Stolicy Apostolskiej.
Das Bürgergeld
Authors: Budrich Edmund
Published: June 2024

Als ein wichtiges und ideologisch hoch aufgeladenes sozialpolitisches Reformprojekt hat die Regierung der „Ampel“-Koalition das „Bürgergeld“ eingeführt und damit das ebenso gelobte wie verhasste Verfahren Hartz IV ersetzt. Hier wird die Auseinandersetzung darüber und über das abgelöste Motto „Fördern und Fordern“ dokumentiert.
Über: Herfried Münkler (2023) Welt in Aufruhr. Die Ordnung der Mächte im 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: Brummer Klaus
Published: June 2024

Die von den USA nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg etablierte liberale internationale Ordnung wird von innen wie von außen herausgefordert. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, in welche Richtung(en) sich die internationale Ordnung in den nächsten Jahrzehnten entwickeln könnte und welche Akteure hierfür prägend sein werden. Das neueste Werk von Herfried Münkler mit dem Titel „Welt in Aufruhr“ geht diesen Fragen nach.
An evaluation of the factors affecting the demand for water-oriented outdoor recreation
Authors:   , Gillespie Glenn A.
Published: June 2024

Accurate measures of demand for water oriented outdoor recreation are of primary importance in the development of land and water resources. As the population increases, and competitive pressures mount for land and its various uses, development add preservation of areas for recreational use for both the present and future generations becomes a major national problem. The work that was undertaken in this research was guided by two major objectives: 1) to inventory the socio-economic characteristics of the users of a particular area that were believed to be determining factors in the demand for water-oriented outdoor recreation and to determine the characteristics of the facilities desired by potential users; 2) to identify the factors that affected the demand for water-oriented outdoor recreational facilities in the St. Louis, Missouri area and to estimate their effect upon the activities of the people. Those socio-economic characteristics believed to be significant were annual family income, leisure time, education, sex, race, age, occupation, childhood home, and number of people in the family who were employed. Interviews from 1,000 households, statistically selected, were taken in St. Louis City and St. Louis County, Missouri. Variance and covariance analyses using zero-one variables to measure qualitative variables were used. The factors found to be significant were: annual income, education, sex, race, age, and occupation. The degree of satisfaction of the population was also determined, and satisfaction indexes for various groups of the population and for various activities for all groups, were developed.
Effects of molding variables, glass-fiber reinforcement and aging on the fatigue behavior of polycarbonate in aqueous and saline environments
Authors:   , Magoon Inder K.
Published: June 2024

The effects of molding temperatures, glass-fiber reinforcement, stress concentration, aging and saline environment on the fatigue behavior of injection molded polycarbonate were investigated. Fatigue tests were made with specially designed machines in which statistical samples of specimens were subjected to alternating fluid loading. The fluid loading permitted temperature control, high testing speeds, and aqueous or other environments. The fatigue lives fell on Weibull distributions with nonzero minimum life parameters. S-N equations werg fitted at 5 percent, 50 percent and 95 percent probabilities of failure. Lower cylinder temperature during molding resulted in substantially higher fatigue strengths for glass-reinforced polycarbonate. This was attributed primarily to orientation. The increased viscosity at lower temperature caused steeper velocity gradients for flow in the mold. The resulting shearing strains oriented both reinforcing fibers and molecular chains. Higher mold temperature produced slightly higher fatigue strengths for glass-reinforced polycarbonate. This was explained by premature cooling of the surface layer in the colder mold, so that orientation was incomplete. The fatigue strength of glass-reinforced polycarbonate increased with increase in percentage of reinforcing fibers. However, 40 percent glass-reinforced polycarbonate required higher cylinder temperatures than 20 percent glass-reinforced. Also, the higher fiber content tended to inhibit orientation. As a result, highly oriented 20 percent glass-reinforced polycarbonate had fatigue strengths almost as high as 40 percent reinforced. The notch sensitivity of glass-reinforced polycarbonate was quite low. This was primarily due to increased orientation in the notched specimens, resulting from steeper velocity gradients during flow through the abrupt change in cross-section. It was possible to separate the effects of fiber orientation and molecular orientation by means of annealing. In the specimens without stress concentration, fiber orientation caused an increase in fatigue strength of about 40 percent. Molecular orientation caused an additional increase of about 25 percent. Thus the total increase in strength due to orientation was about 65 percent. In the notched specimens, total increase in strength due to orientation was about 90 percent. There was no evidence that residual stresses had any significant effect on fatigue strength of reinforced polycarbonate. Aging for periods of up to 5 years did not cause crazing or other degradation of polycarbonate resin specimens. The fatigue strengths of polycarbonate resin specimens were substantially reduced by cyclic stressing in sodium chloride solution. The reduction in fatigue strength was attributed to solvent action of the saline solution on certain polycarbonate molecular bonds.
Systems of variable rates for milk collection routes-- derivation and evaluation
Authors:   , DeHaven Ralph Kenneth
Published: June 2024

The problem treated in this study is rather unique; however, it is not of recent origin. There is probably no single problem in the dairy industry that has been the subject of so much discussion and so little action as that of variable rates on milk collection routes. The results of this study point out two possible causes of such a state. First, the "flat rate" plan allows milk to be collect ed from a larger geographical area than any alternative plan short of free transportation. Second, it has been extremely difficult to quantify the expected supply response of a single firm independently initiating a system of variable rates. The recent merger of several cooperatives to form Mid-America Dairymen, Inc., tends to erase the second problem since any initiated plan would be market wide. Further, since an alternative rate plan would be market wide, it is possible to quantify the expected supply response consequent of a given alternative. Such was done in this study. Then, with a supply response criterion by which to evaluate alternative rate plans, a number of pertinent questions could be answered. Not the least of these was the question of whether a lower rate to large near plan producers could stimulate production sufficiently to overcome the negative supply response to the higher rates of more distant producers. Further, the supply response criterion provided an objective basis for selecting a particular collection rate system from a number of alternatives. The rate system selected by such a criterion in this study was one which recognized distance from plant, density of producers, and size of shipment as the relevant cost variables. Two basic mathematical models were developed; each has two variations. Model I is adapted to "large numbers" and Model II to "small numbers" of producers. Model I was applied in the area surrounding Springfield, Missouri and Model II was applied to a single route in a somewhat isolated area. These models are based on a simulated route system. This allows the researcher to "run" routes and evaluate results under various route organization schemes. Simulated routes, thus, were particularly useful for two reasons: (1) it was impossible to run actual routes under the various assumptions of route organization and (2) simulated route organization can be conducted with neither the cost nor the complications of physical experiments. On the basis of findings in this study, hauler equity is a more urgent problem than producer equity. However, an improvement in producer equity seems to be the logical way to the improvement of both. In any case, this study shows that producer equity may be an extremely poor criterion for a variable pricing plan.
Behavioral effects of three social conditions of reinforcement on an inpatient token reinforcement system
Authors:   , Neumann Joseph K.
Published: June 2024

Applied research in clinical settings substantiates the beneficial effects of group operant systems with a variety of patient populations and problems. Additional proof of either the clinical potential or efficacy of reinforcement programs for psychiatric patients is unnecessary at this time. Currently, research is needed in the following three broad areas: (a) the refinement of operant system procedures leading to improvements in the acquisition, maintenance, and transfer of desirable patient behavior, (b) the clarification of the comparative behavioral effects of the numerous social conditions of reinforcement, and (c) the extension of group operant systems to diverse populations within institutional settings. The current research is directed towards the first two areas of inquiry and involves three social conditions of reinforcement. The three conditions are investigated on the wards of a state mental hospital. All three are of "practical" importance in that they can be used in a variety of clinical settings.
The foundations and normative parameters of a political philosophy of education
Authors:   , Corso Joseph William
Published: June 2024

This dissertation establishes the foundations for a fully developed political philosophy of education, as that enterprise has been traditionally conceived and as it has been exemplified in the "great works" which demarcate it as a tradition of thought. It also sets forth the normative boundaries within which the conclusions or recommendations of such a philosophy must come to rest. The most important of these foundations is a theory of the nature of normative discourse and philosophy compatible with the claims and aspirations of traditional educational philosophy. This dissertation develops a theory which shows normative reasoning to be a form of discourse which is completely public and objective and which is capable of reaching conclusions having the status of knowledge. It also shows "speculative philosophy" to be a key element of such reasoning and to have the same characteristics. On the basis of this theory, the rationale and content of four educationally relevant normative points of view are the explicated. These viewpoints are the "moral," the "prudential," that of "an ideal way of life," and the "political." The general normative restraints these place on educational activity, and, hence, on a political philosophy of education are also explicitly stated. Finally, an analysis is done of some of the more important concepts functioning in the field of educational thought and action. This analysis focuses on a special and centrally important use of "education" itself, and contrasts this use to that of the concepts of "training," "socialization," "commodity production," and "therapy for mental health." The notions of "learning," "teaching" and "school" are also considered in their relationship to "education." By doing these things this dissertation has shown the logical possibility of doing educational philosophy in the far-ranging traditional manner and has pointed out some of the normative directions which such a philosophy should take.
The speaker in the major poems of William Cowper
Authors:   , Morgan David Conrad
Published: June 2024

"The fate of William Cowper as poet may very well turn out to be analogous to what threatened to be the fate of Samuel Johnson: the history of the man will become more important than his literary achievement. Of course the history of a man is the legitimate concern of biographers and all others primarily interested in biography, but when the literary critic, whose business should be to discuss literature, shifts his emphasis away from the work to the man behind it, he is no longer writing as a literary critic. What amounts to an indictment of Cowper as a poet is most obviously expressed by Gilbert Thomas: "All attempts to estimate his poetry merely as poetry, are futile; we cannot dissociate the poetry from the man" and Walter Bagehot: "Only a most pedantic critic would attempt to separate the criticism on Cowper's works from a narrative of his life. Indeed, such an attempt would be scarcely intelligible." The implication here is clear-- the poetry is not really worth discussing as being interesting in itself. These views are extreme, but they are not isolated examples. In one modified form or another they run through nearly all of the major critical studies of Cowper. For example, Norman Nicholson, a critic who has the most to say about Cowper's poetry, feels that since his poetry never "transcends the personality of the poet," part of our attention is always on the poet rather than on the poem: "to those who love Cowper, his poetry is a biography." Lord David Cecil, writing in an area somewhere between biography and criticism ("My purpose is . . . to tell straight-forwardly the story of this extraordinary man" ), finds that Cowper's poems are "not so good as the letters," which is another way of saying that the man is more interesting than his poetry."--Introduction.
A study of the early Tudor comedies
Authors:   , Pauley Harry
Published: June 2024

"After centuries of theatrical entertainment that consisted of miracle plays, mysteries, folk plays, festival plays, interludes, pageants, moralities, banns, tilts, disguisings, entertainments, masks, and mummings, there appeared in England about 1513 the first comedy. There followed in the next four or five decades some thirty-seven comedies that have in common their time and place of origin, their authorship by amateurs, and certain other traits that mark them as early Tudor comedies. These plays, as a group, have not previously been the subject of a study that would attempt to determine the characteristics of early Tudor comedy. Scholars and critics have emphasized, first, that this was a drama of transition between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance; second, the importance of these plays as preliminaries to the great age of drama to follow; or third, the literary and dramatic merit of a particular play from this group, treated mainly, however, in isolation from its fellows. In the study which follows early Tudor comedy will be treated as different from the English drama that preceded and followed it. Its distinguishing characteristics are not, of course, unrelated to the theatrical entertainment that preceded or followed these few decades; yet, taken in sum, early Tudor comedy is unlike medieval comedy and unlike later Elizabethan and Jacobean comedy. It has its own nature, which this study will attempt to define."--Introduction.
ANALISIS USAHA DAN NILAI TAMBAH AGROINDUSTRI PADI DI KECAMATAN KEMPAS KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR (Studi Kasus Penggilingan Padi Kerja Sama)
Authors: Yeni Afiza  , Misriadi
Published: June 2024

Beras merupakan makanan pokok bagi sebagian besar penduduk Indonesia khususnya masyarakat Indragiri Hilir. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah : (1) Mengetahui biaya dan keuntungan usaha Penggilingan padi kerjasama di Kecamatan Kempas. (2) Mengetahui efisiensi usaha penggilingan padi Kerjasama di Kecamatan Kempas. (3) Mengetahui nilai tambah usaha Penggilingan Padi Kerja Sama di Kecamatan Kempas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis biaya produksi, analisis keuntungan, efisiensi dan analisis nilai tambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1) Total biaya Rp.73.235.548,78 per produksi, keuntungan Rp.8.684.451,22 per produksi. (2) Efisiensi dengan nilai RCR sebesar 1,12. (3) Nilai tambah sebesar Rp.221,45 /per kg.Rice is a staple food for the most of the Indonesia population,especially the community Indragiri Hilir. The purpose of this study was (1) To know the cost and benefits of a cooperation rice Mill business in Kempas District. (2) Knowing the efficiency of the cooperation Rice Milling business in Kempas District. (3) Knowing the Value added of Cooprative Rice Milling Business in Kempas District. The analysis method used is production cost analysis, profit analysis, effeciency and value added analysis. The results showed: (1) Total costs Rp. 73.235.548,78 per production, profits Rp. 8.684.451,22 per production (2) Efficiency with RCR value is 1,12. (3) The value added is Rp. 221,45 per kg.
Self-induced Anuria with Diclofenac: An Interesting Case of “Quadruple Whammy” Acute Kidney Injury
Authors:   Department of Nephrology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Lotfollahi Legha , Golmohammadi Melika ,   Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gharehbagh Farid Javandoust ,   Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Darazam Ilad Alavi ,   Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2024

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drugs widely prescribed and used worldwide. Patients taking NSAIDs, including diclofenac, should be aware of its potential nephrotoxic effects. However, the rapid onset of acute kidney injury (AKI) after a single dose of diclofenac is considered a very rare side effect. Case Presentation: We present a 66-year-old woman with habitual self-induced anuria with the chief complaint of shoulder pain due to falling down. The patient presented with various co-morbid conditions, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, tricuspid valve repair, and aortic valve replacement. She rapidly developed anuria after receiving a single dose of diclofenac over the previous two days of admission. Creatinine and BUN exhibited a significant rise in laboratory tests. During hospitalization, the consumption of NSAIDs was prohibited and losartan and furosemide were discontinued. Moreover, phenacetin was used to relieve pain instead. Luckily, after two days of hospitalization, urine output returned to normal levels. Additionally, creatinine and BUN levels gradually decreased to baseline values. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, we described a rare case of diclofenac-induced AKI presenting with anuria, a complete cessation of urine flow, in a patient with no previous kidney complications. This case can be explained by the phenomenon known as “quadruple Whammy,” which involves the concurrent use of NSAIDs, ARBs, and diuretics in the setting of hypovolemia.
Un-Bestimmungen – Zur Konstruktion »unbegleiteter minderjähriger Flüchtlinge« in der stationären Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
Authors: Harloff Raimund
Published: June 2024

Seit 2015 wurden mehr als einhunderttausend Minderjährige, die ohne eine verantwortliche Bezugsperson nach Deutschland geflüchtet sind, durch die Kinder- und Jugendhilfe aufgenommen und versorgt. Vor welchen Herausforderungen stehen Hilfseinrichtungen und deren Mitarbeitende, welche Strategien entwickeln sie und auf welches Wissen greifen sie zurück, wenn bereits die Bezeichnung »unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge« voller ethischer und normativer Widersprüche steckt?
Efficiency Optimization of One-Bit Full Adder through Quantum Dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Garima  , Abhinav Tripathi  , G. R. Mishra  , Sachin Singh
Published: June 2024

In the present study, a view to keep MOS devices such as CMOS technology appropriates to “Moore’s Law” several solutions have been proposed. Despite those proposals, these solutions also face quite a few restrictions and constriction. This has boosted the research to discover alternative technologies, to design circuits at great nanometer level. In future the conventional digital system and circuit can be designed through Quantum Dot Cellular Automata. High density as well as rate is superior matches for QCA. The QCA are in the place of the digital circuit in order by division of electrons. It is gorgeous for its dense dimension, quicker velocity, extremely scalable, advanced switching frequency, and small power use compared to CMOS skill. QCA are emergent skill that is measured as the improved practical exchange resolution for CMOS skill which suffers from short channel effect. QCA is a transistor less technology which has charge skill, and the data is spread and framed on the electrons charge and by columbic interaction hypothesis. QCA can get more than CMOS skill in future because of its major profit. This paper mostly projects the realization and simulation results of various logic gates as: Majority Voter gate, Basic gate, Universal gate, Exclusive gate & Full Adder through QCA. All utilities and presentation of the schemes can be displayed through QCA Designer 2.0.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Energy Transfer for Shore-to-Ship Fast Charging Systems
Authors: Kulat Hemat Sahebrao  , Dr. Vijaylaxmi Biradar
Published: June 2024

Charging systems from shore to ship are typically designed based on a range of operational and design parameters, encompassing onboard power and propulsion needs, available charging durations, and the capacity of local power networks. In areas with weak grid infrastructure, onshore energy storage is often employed to facilitate high-power charging for vessels requiring short charging intervals. Nevertheless, incorporating on-shore energy storage adds complexity to the system, and the selection of system configuration can profoundly affect the efficiency of energy transfer from the grid to the vessel. This study presents a comparative analysis of energy efficiency among AC, DC, and Inductive shore-to-ship charging solutions for short-distance ferries utilizing both AC and DC-based propulsion systems. Findings illustrate that an increased reliance on onshore battery power correlates with decreased overall energy efficiency during the charging process. Thus, optimizing energy efficiency necessitates careful consideration when distributing the load between the grid and onshore battery. Results indicate that DC charging offers advantages over other solutions for AC-based propulsion systems in terms of energy efficiency. However, for DC-based propulsion systems, the most efficient solution may be either DC or AC charging, contingent upon the distribution of load between the grid and onshore battery. Furthermore, it is inferred that despite adding additional conversion stages and complexity to the system, the energy efficiency of inductive charging is comparable to wired schemes. Considering the added benefits of contactless charging, such as reliability, safety, and robustness, these findings advocate for the adoption of inductive charging as a promising solution.
Effect of training phased distance training method the archer's shooting ability
Authors: Dwijawanti Betaria , Satria M. Haris
Published: June 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effect of gradual distance drill method training on the shooting ability of archery athletes at Dega Archery School.  The research methods used were pre-experimental research methods with the design of a group pre-test and post-test design. The study sample consisted of 10 athletes selected based on a uniform ability level. Instrumental research using an archery accuracy test. Data analysis using paired t-test with SPSS version 23. The results showed a significant improvement in accuracy and consistency of shooting in the athletes who underwent the gradual distance drill method, indicating the method's effectiveness in improving shooting ability. This finding highlights the potential of the Gradual Distance Drill Method as a training strategy that can be used to enhance the performance of archery athletes. Conclusion The graded distance drill method can be used as a training strategy to improve the performance of archery athletes. Suggestions, further research could use larger sample sizes and tighter controls to provide an understanding of the effectiveness of the method in a broader context.