bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS YURIDIS PEMUNGUTAN BPHTB DAN PPH FINAL PHTB DALAM RANGKA PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP (PTSL)
Authors: Wijaya Hari Juliento
Published: November 2022

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: PTSL adalah kegiatan pendaftaran tanah untuk pertama kali yang dilakukan secara serentak yang meliputi semua objek pendaftaran tanah yang belum didaftar dalam suatu wilayah desa/kelurahan atau nama lainnya yang setingkat dengan itu. Dalam pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah pemerintah mengalamin hambatan dimana engganya masyarakat melakukan pendaftaran tanah karena beratnya membayar biaya PPh Final PHTB dan BPHPTB, melalui PTSL masyarakat diberikan kemudahan dimana penerima sertifikat hak atas tanah tidak atau belum mampu membayar BPHTB dan/atau masih adanya tunggakan pembayaran PPh tetap dapat diterbitkan sertifikat hak atas tanah.

Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini mengunakan metode yuridis-normatif. Yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan berdasarkan pada bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder yaitu inventaris perturan-peraturan yang berkaitan dengan Pendaftaran Tanah, PTSL, PPh Final PHTB, BPHTB, dan peraturan Menteri terkait untuk hasil penelitian yang lebih mendalam.

Hasil Penelitian: ESENSI keadilan dalam hal pemungutan PPH Final PHTB dan BPHTB dalam rangka PTSL berdasarkan asas Equity, asas Certainly, maupun asas Daya Pikul tidaklah terpenuhi. Dimana pemohon melalui program PTSL dimungkinkan untuk menerima sertipikat atas lahan yang diajukannya tanpa melaksanakan kewajibanya untuk membayar PPH Final PHTB dan BPHTB terlebih dahulu, sedangkan pemohon yang melakukan pendaftaran tanah yang tidak bisa melalui program PTSL tetap harus memenuhi kewajibanya dalam membayar PPH Final PHTB dan BPHTB sebagaiamana ketentuanya, dan wajib pajak yang sama-sama melakukan pendaftaran tanah melalui PTSL walau kemampuan membayarnya berbeda memperoleh perlakuan pemungutan pajak yang sama.

Kesimpulan: yang dicapai dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah bahwa yang menjadi dasar hukum PTSL adalah Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap. Kewenagan PPH Final PHTB merupakan kewenangan Kementerian Keuangan, dan kewenangan BPHTB merupakan kewenagan pemerintah kabupaten/kota. Esensi keadilan dalam hal pemungutan PPH Final PHTB dan BPHTB dalam rangka PTSL berdasarkan asas Daya Pikul tidaklah terpenuhi dimana wajib pajak yang sama-sama melakukan pendaftaran tanah melalui PTSL walau kemampuan membayarnya berbeda memperoleh perlakuan pemungutan pajak yang sama.

Kata Kunci:   Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap, PPh Final PHTB, BPHTB
Awareness And Utilisation Of Government Welfare Schemes Of Women In Rural Areas Of Manipur
Authors: Th. Babulu , Dr. K. Maharajan
Published: November 2022

In India, where women make up about half of the population, they are guaranteed equal rights under the constitution and are given priority in national development initiatives.  A plethora of schemes and programmes have been announced. The utilisation of various schemes varies based on the awareness level and access which are determined socio economic factors. Hence, the researcher, after careful deliberation has opted to analyze the welfare programmes pertaining to Agricultural and Rural Development, Health Care Programmes and Social Welfare programmes particularly in the rural sector. , the researcher has taken Imphal West District, where the women population is more in rural areas. And 340 respondents were taken for this study using Multi Stage Random Sampling Method. Descriptive Research Design was used for this study. Interview schedule was developed and used as a tool for data collection. The study shows that as the institutional support to the welfare programmes are not oriented in the proper direction and suffer from bias and prejudices, the programmes so launched do not provide the desired benefit to these people in the State, particularly those residing in the rural areas.
Cloud Computing: A Survey
Authors: Vyas Priyanka , Dadhich Pankaj
Published: November 2022

Cloud computing is not a brand-new technology, but it is one of the newest technologies available today because of how much it has changed how data and services are managed. In order to function properly, cloud technology must be scalable, adaptable, extensible, and manageable in order to satisfy the objectives of enterprises. The major change in the computing environment that cloud computing has brought about is the relocation of the data center off-site to a third party and the decision to purchase services rather than directly manage on-site applications. By using it, businesses can save operational costs and concentrate on their core competencies rather than worrying about various IT challenges. Furthermore, the cloud offers genuine portability by making it possible to access programmers and files from any location in the globe using only inexpensive technology and the internet. This paper provides a concise overview of cloud computing by outlining its development, history, definition, and deployment models.
Introduction to Сulture, Reproduction, and Productivity of Aromatic Plants of the Lamiaceae Family in the Central Polissia of Ukraine
Authors: KOTYUK LYUDMYLA , IVASCHENKO IRYNA , BORYSIUK BORYS , PITSIL ANDRII , MOZHARIVSKA INNA
Published: November 2022

The introduction of new types of aromatic plants of the Lamiaceae family into the culture is relevant for the enrichment of the biological diversity of the flora of the Central Polissia of Ukraine, as well as for the expansion of the raw material base of spicy-aromatic, medicinal, food, decorative, and honey-bearing plants. The purpose of this study is to find methods of propagation of aromatic plants, best sowing times and feeding areas, and to obtain phytoraw and seed materials. Research methods: laboratory, field, statistical. It was established that the best period for sowing plants of the Lamiaceae family in the conditions of the botanical garden of the Polissia National University is the third decade of April. The use of various methods of propagation proves the expediency of propagation of all annual and perennial plant species under study by seeds, and for M. didyma, S. officinalis, L. vera, and O. vulgare – also by particles, rhizomes, transplanting, and propagule. It is recommended to place S. hortensis, D. moldavica, E. cristata, H. officinalis according to the scheme of 30x45 cm, L. vera, L. anisatus, N. transcaucasica, S. officinalis – 30x50 cm, and O. vulgare, S. sclarea, M. didyma, – 40x50 cm. Among the annual species, the highest productive potential was found in D. moldavica, the above-ground mass productivity of which was 24.7±1.7 t/ha; among perennials – in H. officinalis (38.9±0.2 t/ha) and L. anisatus (44.1±0.9 t/ha). The highest yield of essential oil in terms of absolutely dry substance was found in S. officinalis (1.2%), L. vera (1.808%) and H. angustifolius (2.054%). The results of research on reproduction methods can be used for growing new species of aromatic plants of the Lamiaceae family both on homesteads and in agricultural enterprises. The most productive types of aromatic plants should be introduced into production for further use of phytoraw materials and essential oil in pharmacy, food, and other sectors of the national economy.
Considerations on Logical Consequence and Natural Language
Authors: Sagi Gil
Published: November 2022

In a recent article, “Logical Consequence and Natural Language,” Michael Glanzberg claims that there is no relation of logical consequence in natural language (2015). The present paper counters that claim. I shall discuss Glanzberg’s arguments and show why they don’t hold. I further show how Glanzberg’s claims may be used to rather support the existence of logical consequence in natural language.
Mereology is not a Guide to (In)conceivability
Authors: Morvarid Mahmoud
Published: November 2022

A sophisticated version of the zombie argument due to David Chalmers runs roughly as follows: a zombie world is ideally primarily conceivable, and whatever is ideally primarily conceivable is primarily possible. Thus, a zombie world is primarily possible, which implies, in turn, that either physicalism is false or Russellian monism is true. Appealing to some plausible mereological considerations, Daniel Giberman presents a novel argument to the effect that zombies are not ideally primarily conceivable. I shall argue, firstly, that a main premise of Giberman's argument is ill-supported, as it trades on a confusion between the primary and the secondary intensions of the "actually" operator. I then consider two lines of reasoning, which might be extracted from Giberman's text, in favour of another chief premise of his argument. I shall argue that the first line of reasoning is flawed, and the second one, in effect, will transform Giberman's argument into a kind of "parity argument" in which his mereological considerations play no role.
The Mental States First Theory of Promising
Authors: Liberman Alida
Published: November 2022

Most theories of promising are insufficiently broad, for they ground promissory obligation in some external or contingent feature of the promise. In this paper, I introduce a new kind of theory. The Mental States First (MSF) theory grounds promissory obligation in something internal and essential: the mental state expressed by promising, or the state that promisors purport to be in. My defense of MSF relies on three claims. First, promising to Φ expresses that you have resolved to Φ. Second, resolving to Φ commits you to Φing, all else being equal. Third, the norms on speech acts are determined by the norms on the mental states they express, such that publicly expressing that you are in a state subjects you to whatever commitments are normally incurred by being in that state, regardless of whether you really are in it. I suggest that this general approach might also explain how the norms on other sorts of speech acts work.
El proyecto gráfico de una fiesta: el Catálogo de los Encuentros de Pamplona
Authors: García Alonso Marta , González Presencio Mariano
Published: November 2022

El 23 de junio de 1972 se terminó de imprimir el Catálogo de los Encuentros de Pamplona que comenzaron la tarde del 26 de junio en el frontón Labrit de la capital de Navarra con la celebración de un partido de pelota y el discurso de las autoridades. Durante ocho días y antes de la conocida fiesta de San Fermín, Pamplona se convirtió en capital del arte. El artículo, más allá de hablar del evento, se centra en el estudio del documento diseñado por José Luis Alexanco, que constituye el anuncio de la fiesta que tuvo el poder de aglutinar a artistas de diferentes disciplinas y países diversos en una ciudad española en los últimos años del franquismo. El Catálogo, que por su interés y su rareza se ha convertido en una auténtica pieza de arte, se revela como el proyecto gráfico de la fiesta imaginada.
Industrie bereitet sich auf Eier-Engpässe vor
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: November 2022

Die schwankenden Eierpreise wirken sich direkt auf Produzenten von Lebensmitteln wie Backwaren, Nudeln und Mayonnaise aus. Die Hersteller warnen vor Regallücken, sollte die Zutat knapp werden.
„Export läuft auf vollen Touren“
Authors: Schultz Olaf
Published: November 2022

Klaus Heeschen bewirtschaftet mit Kollegen einen Agrarbetrieb in Transkarpatien. Er beschreibt, wie sich der Krieg im Land auf die Arbeitssituation und die Vermarktung auswirkt.
Determining the enterotoxin genes and methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus isolated from goat milk and its products
Authors: BİLGİN Mustafa , ATASEVER Mustafa
Published: November 2022

Milk and its products can be frequently contaminated with enterotoxigenic and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and in such a case, it causes various diseases, especially staphylococcal food poisoning. In the present study, 100 sample materials (50 goat milk, 25 goat cream, and 25 goat cheese) were collected from 65 livestock farms in Erzurum. All samples were analyzed and tested selectively according to the EN ISO 6888-1 procedure standard. The obtained isolates were examined with the PCR in terms of nuc, Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), mecA, and enterotoxin genes. S. aureus was detected in 4 of 50 (8%) milk samples, 2 of 25 (8%) cream samples, 3 of 25 (12%) cheese samples, and 9 of the total samples (9%). While the incidence of methicillin resistance was found to be 3% by the disc diffusion method, the incidence of the mecA gene was found to be 2% by PCR. In terms of enterotoxin genes, 8% (4/50) of milk samples, 12% (3/25) of cheese samples, and 8% (2/25) of cream samples contained at least one enterotoxin gene. In total, 9% of 100 samples contained enterotoxigenic S. aureus. In conclusion, the consumption of enterotoxigenic and mecA positive S. aureus-containing raw milk, dairy products that have not been adequately heat-treated, or milk and products that are not kept in proper storage conditions pose a danger to public health.
SUSTAINABLE BANKING PRINCIPLES AND PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: OBORO, O. G. (PhD)  , ONUORAH, A. C. (PhD. F,cfian)
Published: November 2022

The study looked at sustainable principles and the performance of DMBs Nigeria for 2000-2020. The actual objectives include assessing the indicators of sustainable principles of banking, such as the ATM, CPS, LR and CR, as well as how DMBs’ performance measured by the ROA is affected by those factors. Data were retrieved from CBN documents such as bank supervisory annual report, statistical bulletin, and the NDIC annual reports for the period 2000-2019 were used as a secondary source of data (time series data) in this study. The findings revealed that ATM and CPS have a negative yet not significant effect on the ROA of DMBs, whereas LR and CR which also revealed a negative effect on ROA were significant after all. Following the outcome of this result, it was agreed that a mixed association exists between sustainable principles of banking and performance. Hence, the recommendation that modalities be put in place to effectively and efficiently adopt sustainable principles of banking in Nigeria, so as to ensure that banks deliver better services to their clients as well boosting profits.
Keywords: Sustainable Banking Principles, Bank Performance, Econometric Analysis.
Analisis Faktor Pengaruh Keputusan Pembelian pada Bisnis Digital E-Commerce Shopee
Authors: Feblicia Shirley , Cuandra Fendy
Published: November 2022

Pada tahun 2021 ditemukan bahwa Shopee merupakan aplikasi e-commerce nomor satu dengan pengunjung terbanyak, sementara tingkat pengunjung aplikasi dari e-commerce lainnya berada di bawah Shopee. Melihat tingginya tingkat pengunjung dan juga kepuasan konsumen serta banyaknya pengambil keputusan pembelian pada aplikasi Shopee, menjadi hal yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk melaksanakan penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian pada bisnis digital e-commerce Shopee. Pendekatan masalah menggunakan metode statistik yang dimulai berawal prosedur pengumpulan data, kategorisasi, peringkasan serta penyampaian data sebuah fenomena dan dengan SmartPLS 3 untuk pengujian statistik deskriptif, uji kualitas data outer atau inner model bersama uji kecocokan model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa citra merek, harga, dan pengetahuan produk berpengaruh signifikan positif pada keputusan pembelian Shopee. Sementara promosi tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian.
CLINICAL CASE OF CONGENITAL CHLORIDE DIARRHEA
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I.A. Kazyra , A.G. Bialkevich ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Y.L. Shynkarenka ,   2nd City Children's Clinical Hospital, Minsk
Published: November 2022

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD, congenital chloridorrhea and syndrome Darrow-Gamble) is variant of a severe syndrome of electrolyte malabsorption transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and manifested by profuse watery stool with massive loss of chlorides and dehydration. Newborn children with CCD need adequate replacement treatment from the first hours of life to prevent electrolyte disorders and dehydration. However, CCD cases, when newborn babies survived even without therapy, were described. But further growth delay, retardation of psychomotor development, nephropathy and hyperaldosteronism was observed as a result of hypochloremia, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. The article describes a pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostic criteria, symptomatic therapy and results of our own observation of patient with CCD.
A CASE OF NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF NEPHRONOPHTHISIS IN A CHILD
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I.A. Kаzyrа
Published: November 2022

Nephronophthisis is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease, which is the most common among cystic kidney diseases of genetic origin the cause of end-stage chronic renal failure and death before the age of thirty years. The article widely presents an interesting clinical case of non-invasive diagnosis of nephronophthisis in a fifteen-year-old child. The diagnosis based on anamnesis, clinical data, and results of laboratory, instrumental and molecular-genetic methods of examination. Ultrasound revealed diffuse changes in the parenchyma, cysts of both kidneys, a decrease in the intensity of blood flow in the parenchyma of both kidneys. The main method that made it possible to confirm NF was molecular genetic, which is less invasive compared to kidney tissue biopsy, which is preferable for pediatric patients.
DIFFICULTIES OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC NON-BACTERIAL OSTEOMYELITIS IN CHILDREN. CLINICAL CASE
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A.M. Chichko , A.N. Bashlakova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.N. Begun ,   2nd City Children's Clinical Hospital, Minsk, I.A. Busovcova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.A. Bostynec ,   2nd City Children's Clinical Hospital, Minsk, A.V. Krylova-Olefirenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2022

The article presents up-to-date data concerning etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis in children. Chronic relapsing multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare condition with unknown etiology, which is characterized by presence of numerous relapsing focuses of bone destruction. Diagnostic work-up for CRMO includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bone scintigraphy, blood culture and bone biopsy. The diagnosis of CRMO can be made if negative results of blood culture and bone biopsy material are observed and bone malignancy and infection are ruled out. Main therapeutic approaches and follow-up are given in the article. Clinical case of CRMO in combination with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in a ten year old boy is described. CRMO should be considered and differential diagnosis should be done in cases of atypical course of JIA especially in those with absence of specific immunological markers.
THE RARE CASE OF ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS IN THE NEWBORN
Authors:   5th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, V.A. Shostak , E.V. Degtyareva ,   5th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, I.А. Loginova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, S.A. Pavlukova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.B. Sushchevski ,   5th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, V.L. Chavlytko ,   5th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk
Published: November 2022

Endocardial fibroelastosis (EF) is one of the rare and under-studied problems of pediatric cardiology. Despite the fact that the disease was described almost 80 years ago, the problem of EF remains unresolved in pediatrics. This is due to the insufficient study of etiopathogenesis, the complexity of prenatal and neonatal diagnostics. Since the mid-twentieth century and until recently, the main cause of EF was considered to be transplacental viral infections caused early congenital carditis, and in a result of which development of cardiomyopathy with a predominance of fibrosclerotic processes. Currently, a certain role in the genesis of EF is given to genetic factors. Thus, EF can be considered as a cardiomyopathy, the cause of which is any cardiac stress. In this article, the authors discribe the issues of epidemiology and etiology of the disease, modern methods of diagnosis, including antenatal diagnostics, and also present a clinical case report of EF in a newborn.
CAUSES OF HEPATITIS C INFECTION
Authors:   6th City Clinical Hospital, Minsk, I.V. Yurkevich
Published: November 2022

Purpose. Analysis of the most probable causes of infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), obtained on the basis of epidemiological history of patients. Materials and methods. We examined 91 patients suffering from various forms of HCV infection, in whom, when collecting an epidemiological history, the emphasis was on the use of injectable psychoactive substances, the presence of blood transfusions, surgical interventions, invasive medical and diagnostic procedures, hemodialysis, transplantation of internal organs or bone marrow, tattooing, piercing , manicure in places of deprivation is free, at home, other institutions using potentially non-sterile instruments, contact with the blood of a patient with confirmed viral hepatitis C, unprotected sex. Results. The most common combinations are surgery with blood transfusion, paramedical procedures, surgical interventions or invasive diagnostic interventions. Conclusion. Currently, paramedical manipulations are the dominant factors.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE TREATMENT OF THERMAL BURN IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Minsk City Clinical Emergency Hospital, N.M. Shapetska , I.N. Zelianko ,   Minsk City Clinical Emergency Hospital, K.N. Seliazniov ,   Minsk City Clinical Emergency Hospital, D.M. Neumiarzhytski ,   Minsk City Clinical Emergency Hospital
Published: November 2022

Burns in children are a significant pathology, despite strict measures and informing parents on the observance of safety rules in everyday life. Currently, the frequency of burns in children's institutions - kindergartens, schools and other places is minimized. But burns are often found in domestic conditions. According the date of different authors, burns are a global problem. Our purpose of the study was to analyze of literature and identify modern tendency in the management of childhood burns. According the analysis, the treatment of burns in children has undergone evolutionary changes from traditional methods (surgical treatment of wounds, local treatment of burn wounds using ointments and various wound dressings, necrectomy with immediate or delayed autodermoplasty) till to the use of mesenchymal stem cells of burn origin.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY KITS FOR DETECTION OF IGG ANTIBODIES TO SARS-COV-2
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, M.A. Yermalovich , E.O. Samoilovich ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, A.O. Mikhalenko ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, V.L. Kolodkina ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, G.V. Semeiko ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology
Published: November 2022

Serological tests for the detection of specific antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 are an important tool both for confirming the diagnosis and for the epidemiological investigations. Comparative analysis of ELISA test kits for qualitative determination (yes/no) of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 available for purchase in the Republic of Belarus was done. The study included four commercial kits of various manufacturers: Vector-Best, Russia; N.F.Gamalei Research Center, Russia; Algimed, Belarus; Wuhan Fine Biotech, China. All test kits showed high quality in detection of specific IgG. The kits produced by Vector-Best, Russia, and Wuhan Fine Biotech, China had the highest sensitivity (100.0%); the kits produced by Algimed, Belarus, had the greatest specificity (100.0%). The dependence between the optical density of the samples and the concentration of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated. The results showed that it is not possible to make a conclusion about the amount of antibodies based on the optical density of the sample in the test kits designed for their qualitative determination.
CHARACTERISTICS OF POISONING IN CHILDREN OF THE MINSK REGION
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, L.B. Zhydko , N.A. Ishutina ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2022

The publication is devoted to the issues of acute poisoning in children. We analyzed 61 cases of poisoning in children hospitalized with diagnoses of "Poisoning with drugs, medicines and biological substances" (codes T36 - T50), "Toxic effect of substances, mainly non-medical purposes" (codes T51 - T65). The mechanisms of poisoning, the clinical picture, ongoing diagnostics and treatment were studied. We found that the highest frequency of poisoning occurred in children under the age of 7 years (67%). In the age group 1-3 years (43%), drug poisoning prevailed (43% of cases). In 73% of cases, the cause of poisoning in adolescents (13 years and older) was the use of alcoholic beverages. More preventinve conversations should be organized with adolescents with the involvement of psychologists in order to reduce the number of cases of parasuicide. The data obtained in this study on the age structure and causes of poisoning in children will make it possible to carry out their more effective prevention.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E.S. Kovaleva , V.S. Hramchenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N.A. Yuzefovich ,   Belarusian State Medical University, T.M. Studenikina ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2022

Quantitative methods of morphology are more objective and accurate than qualitative methods, since they are based not only on the instrumental assessment of the trait, but also on the data of the recording equipment, which completely eliminates the subjectivity of the researcher. A morphometric analysis of the lungs of embryos of white rats 18-21 days old, newborns and rat pups 2-10 days of life in normal and experimental oligohydramnios was carried out, a regression model was constructed for the dependence of the relative volume of the respiratory section of the lungs of fetuses, newborns and rats of the first days of life on age. Formulas have been obtained for the norm and experimental oligohydramnios, which make it possible to determine not only deviations in the development of the lungs from normal values during various experimental effects, but also to predict further changes in the respiratory section in normal and pathological conditions. A morphometric study of the autopsy material of the abdominal aorta wall was carried out in 72 people (42 males and 30 females) aged from 1 to 70 years; a regression model was constructed for the dependence of the number of fenestrated elastic membranes on age. Formulas for men and women were obtained, which allow to determine the average number of fenestrated elastic membranes in the middle shell of the abdominal aorta in different age periods. The search for correlations in medical morphological studies is especially relevant, as it makes it possible to identify the relationship between different variants of the structure and changes in function.
MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS AFTER EARLY TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, L.F. Mozheiko , U.F. Runets ,   1st City Clinical Hospital, Minsk
Published: November 2022

Prevention of medical abortion is the most important component of the set of tasks for protecting women's reproductive health. Of the 210 million pregnancies that occur annually in the world, 56 million end in medical abortion [5]. Teenage girls account for up to 10%, with the majority of abortions being performed by curettage of the uterine cavity [4]. In our country, the problem of abortion is especially relevant, because according to statistics in the Republic of Belarus, there are about 26,6 abortions for every 100 pregnancies, in the world ranking Belarus ranks 5th in the number of abortions [1]. Artificial termination of an unwanted pregnancy often leads to serious, sometimes irreversible consequences for adolescent girls, such as infertility, miscarriage, menstrual irregularities, and inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs. It has been proven that children from mothers with a history of artificial termination of pregnancy are more often born in a state of asphyxia, with impaired cerebral circulation and other pathologies, which leads to an increase in child morbidity and mortality [4]. Especially high is the frequency of complications (55,8%) after the termination of the first pregnancy in young women. In addition, complications of medical abortion in the structure of maternal morbidity and mortality reach 15-30%. The economic damage from abortions and related gynecological pathologies annually amounts to 24 trillion rubles. white rubles [1,5].
EFFICACY OF PERIARTICULAR TRANEXAMIC ACID INJECTION IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, M.A. Alqatawneh , E.V. Zhuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, P.I. Bespalchuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.P. Bespalchuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Sh. Omar ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2022

The article presents a comparative analysis of laboratory results of total knee arthroplasty and postoperative blood loss in 120 patients (24 men and 96 women) suffering from gonarthrosis, aged 42 to 86 years (average 68.8 years), operated on with the introduction of tranexamic acid periarticularly (n=60) or without it (n=60) observed for 3 days. from the time of surgery. Periarticular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) made it possible to reduce postoperative blood loss. Assessing the data obtained, we determined a significantly lower proportion of cases in the main group (Hb=118.3) compared to the control group (Hb=103.3) (p<0.05). In addition, it was not possible to identify a significant difference in relation to comorbidities or other side effects caused by tranexamic acid.
Constraining the particle-scale diversity of black carbon light absorption using a unified framework
Authors: Beeler Payton , Chakrabarty Rajan K.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric black carbon (BC), the strongest absorber of
visible solar radiation in the atmosphere, manifests across a wide spectrum
of morphologies and compositional heterogeneity. Phenomenologically, the
distribution of BC among diverse particles of varied composition gives rise
to enhancement of its light absorption capabilities by over twofold in
comparison to that of nascent or unmixed homogeneous BC. This situation has
challenged the modeling community to consider the full complexity and
diversity of BC on a per-particle basis for accurate estimation of its light
absorption. The conventionally adopted core–shell approximation, although
computationally inexpensive, is inadequate not only in estimating but also
capturing absorption trends for ambient BC. Here we develop a unified
framework that encompasses the complex diversity in BC morphology and
composition using a single metric, the phase shift parameter (ρBC),
which quantifies how much phase shift the incoming light waves encounter
across a particle compared to that in its absence. We systematically
investigate variations in ρBC across the multi-space distribution of
BC morphology, mixing state, mass, and composition as reported by field and
laboratory observations. We find that ρBC>1 leads to
decreased absorption by BC, which explains the weaker absorption
enhancements observed in certain regional BC compared to laboratory results
of similar mixing state. We formulate universal scaling laws centered on
ρBC and provide physics-based insights regarding core–shell
approximation overestimating BC light absorption. We conclude by packaging
our framework in an open-source Python application to facilitate
community-level use in future BC-related research. The package has two main
functionalities. The first functionality is for forward problems, wherein
experimentally measured BC mixing state and assumed BC morphology are input,
and the aerosol absorption properties are output. The second functionality
is for inverse problems, wherein experimentally measured BC mixing state and
absorption are input, and the morphology of BC is returned. Further, if
absorption is measured at multiple wavelengths, the package facilitates the
estimation of the imaginary refractive index of coating materials by combining
the forward and inverse procedures. Our framework thus provides a
computationally inexpensive source for calculation of absorption by BC and
can be used to constrain light absorption throughout the atmospheric
lifetime of BC.
Formation and impacts of nitryl chloride in Pearl River Delta
Authors: Wang Haichao , Yuan Bin , Zheng E , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Wang Jie , Lu Keding , Ye Chenshuo , Yang Lei , Huang Shan , Hu Weiwei , Yang Suxia , Peng Yuwen , Qi Jipeng , Wang Sihang , He Xianjun , Chen Yubin , Li Tiange , Wang Wenjie , Huangfu Yibo , Li Xiaobing , Cai Mingfu , Wang Xuemei , Shao Min
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Here we present a field measurement of ClNO2 (nitryl
chloride) and N2O5 (dinitrogen pentoxide) by a time-of-flight
chemical ionization mass spectrometer (ToF-CIMS) with the Filter Inlet for
Gas and AEROsols (FIGAERO) at a regional site in the Pearl River Delta during a
photochemical pollution season from 26 September to 17 November 2019.
Three patterns of air masses are sampled during this campaign, including the dominating air masses from the north and northeast urban regions (Type A),
the southeast coast (Type B), and the South China Sea (Type C). The
concentration of ClNO2 and N2O5 was observed to be much
higher in Type A and B than in Type C, indicating that the urban nighttime
chemistry is more active than the background marine regions. The N2O5
uptake coefficient and ClNO2 production yield were estimated based on
the field measurement, and the performance of the previously derived
parameterizations was assessed. The nighttime ClNO2 correlated with
particulate chloride and the mass concentration of fine particles (most
likely due to aerosol surface area) suggested that the ClNO2 formation was limited by the N2O5 uptake at this site. By examining the relationship between particulate chloride and other species, we implied that
anthropogenic emissions (e.g., biomass burning) rather than sea salt
particles dominate the origin of particulate chloride, although the site
was only about 100 km away from the ocean. A box model with detailed
chlorine chemistry is used to investigate the impacts of ClNO2
chemistry on atmospheric oxidation. Model simulations showed that the chlorine
radical liberated by ClNO2 photolysis during the next day had a slight
increase in concentrations of OH, HO2, and RO2 radicals, as well as minor contributions to RO2 radical and O3 formation
(< 5 %, on daytime average), in all the three types of air masses. Relatively
high contributions were observed in Type A and B. The overall low
contributions of ClNO2 to atmospheric oxidation are consistent with
those reported recently from wintertime observations in China (including
Shanghai, Beijing, Wangdu, and Mt. Tai). This may be attributed to the following: (1) relatively low particle mass concentration limited ClNO2 formation; (2) other reactions channels, like nitrous acid (HONO), oxygenated volatile
organic compounds (OVOCs, including formaldehyde), and ozone photolysis had a more significant radical formation rate during the ozone pollution episodes and weakened the ClNO2 contribution indirectly. The results provided scientific insights into the role of nighttime chemistry in photochemical pollution under various scenarios in coastal areas.
Synergistic retrieval and complete data fusion methods applied to simulated FORUM and IASI-NG measurements
Authors: Ridolfi Marco , Tirelli Cecilia , Ceccherini Simone , Belotti Claudio , Cortesi Ugo , Palchetti Luca
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In the frame of Earth observation remote-sensing data analysis, synergistic retrieval (SR) and complete data fusion (CDF) are techniques used to exploit the complementarity of the information carried by different measurements sounding the same air mass and/or ground pixel. While more difficult to implement due to the required simultaneous access to measurements originating from different instruments, the SR method is sometimes preferred over the CDF method as the latter relies on a linear approximation of the retrieved states as functions of the true atmospheric and/or surface state. In this work, we study the performance of the SR and CDF techniques when applied to simulated measurements of the Far-infrared Outgoing Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer – New Generation (IASI-NG) missions that will be operational in a few years, from two polar-orbiting satellites.
The study is based on synthetic measurements generated for the two missions in clear-sky atmospheres. The target parameters of the inversion are the vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor and ozone mixing ratios, surface temperature, and spectral emissivity. We find that for exact matching of the measurements, the results of the SR and CDF techniques differ by less than 1/10 of their errors estimated through the propagation of measurement noise. For measurements with a realistic mismatch in space and time, the two methods provide more different results. Still in this case, however, the differences between the results are within the error bars due to measurement noise. We conclude that, when applied to FORUM and IASI-NG missions, the two methods are equivalent from an accuracy point of view.
Acidification impacts and acclimation potential of Caribbean benthic foraminifera assemblages in naturally discharging low-pH water
Authors: François Daniel , Paytan Adina , de Araújo Olga Maria Oliveira , Lopes Ricardo Tadeu , Barbosa Cátia Fernandes
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Ocean acidification (OA) is expected to negatively affect many
ecologically important organisms. Here we report the response of Caribbean
benthic foraminiferal assemblages to naturally discharging low-pH waters
with a composition similar to that expected for the end of the 21st
century. At low pH ∼ 7.8 and low saturation state with respect
to calcite (Ωcalcite < 4), the relative abundance of
hyaline, agglutinated, and symbiont-bearing species increased, indicating
higher resistance to potential carbonate chemistry changes. Diversity and
other taxonomical metrics (i.e., richness, abundance, and evenness) declined
steeply with decreasing pH despite exposure of this ecosystem to low-pH
conditions for millennia, suggesting that tropical foraminiferal communities
will be negatively impacted under acidification scenarios SSP3-7.0 (Shared
Socioeconomic Pathways) and
SSP5-8.5. The species Archaias angulatus, a major contributor to sediment production in the
Caribbean, was able to calcify at more extreme conditions (7.1 pH) than those
projected for the late 21st century, but the calcified tests had a
lower average density than those exposed to higher-pH conditions (7.96),
indicating that reef foraminiferal carbonate production might decrease this
century. Smaller foraminifera were particularly sensitive to low pH, and our
results demonstrate their potential use to monitor OA conditions.
Accurately calibrated X-ray fluorescence core scanning (XRF-CS) record of Ti ∕ Al reveals Early Pleistocene aridity and humidity variability over North Africa and its close relationship to low-latitude insolation
Authors: Hennekam Rick , Grant Katharine M. , Rohling Eelco J. , Tjallingii Rik , Heslop David , Roberts Andrew P. , Lourens Lucas J. , Reichart Gert-Jan
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In eastern Mediterranean sediments, the titanium-to-aluminum ratio
(Ti/Al) captures relative variability in eolian to river-derived
material and predominantly integrates climate signals over the Saharan and
Sahel regions. Long Ti/Al time series can, therefore, provide valuable
records of North African humidity and aridity changes. X-ray fluorescence core
scanning (XRF-CS) can generate near-continuous Ti/Al records with relatively
modest effort and in an acceptable amount of time, provided that accurate
Ti/Al values are acquired. Calibration of raw XRF-CS data to those of
established analytical methods is an important pathway for obtaining the
required accuracy. We assess how to obtain reliable XRF-CS Ti/Al calibration
by using different calibration reference sample sets for a long sediment
record from ODP Site 967 (eastern Mediterranean Sea). The accuracy of
reference concentrations and the number of reference samples are important
for reliable calibration. Our continuous Ti/Al record allows detailed
time series analysis over the past 3 Myr. Near-direct control of low-latitude
insolation on the timing and amplitude of North African aridity and humidity is
observed from 3 to ∼ 1.2 Ma. In our Ti/Al record, most arid
North African intervals (i.e., with the longest period and highest
amplitude) occur after the mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT; ∼ 1.2–0.7 Ma), when ice ages intensified. We also observe a subdued
relationship between low-latitude insolation and North African climate after
the MPT. These findings support the growing consensus that African climate
became more sensitive to remote high-latitude climate when a threshold ice
volume was reached during the MPT.
Importance of Ice Nucleation and Precipitation on Climate with the Parameterization of Unified Microphysics Across Scales version 1 (PUMASv1)
Authors: Gettelman Andrew , Morrison Hugh , Eidhammer Trude , Thayer-Calder Katherine , Sun Jian , Forbes Richard , McGraw Zachary , Zhu Jiang , Storelvmo Trude , Dennis John
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Cloud microphysics is critical for weather and climate prediction. In this work, we document updates and corrections to the cloud microphysical scheme used in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and other models. These updates include a new nomenclature for the scheme, and the ability to run the scheme on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The main science changes include removing an ice number limiter and associated changes to ice nucleation, adding vapor deposition onto snow, and introducing an implicit numerical treatment for sedimentation. We also detail the improvements in computational performance that can be achieved with GPU acceleration. We then show the impact of these scheme changes on (A) mean state climate, (B) cloud feedback response to warming and (C) aerosol forcing. We find that corrections are needed to the immersion freezing parameterization without a limit on ice number. We also find that the revised scheme produces less liquid and ice, but that this can be adjusted by changing the loss process for cloud liquid (autoconversion). Furthermore, there are few discernible effects of the PUMAS changes on cloud feedbacks, but some significant reductions in the magnitude of Aerosol Cloud Interactions (ACI). Small cloud feedback changes appear to be related to the implicit sedimentation scheme, with a number of factors affecting ACI.
Harmonized gap-filled datasets from 20 urban flux tower sites
Authors: Lipson Mathew , Grimmond Sue , Best Martin , Chow Winston T. L. , Christen Andreas , Chrysoulakis Nektarios , Coutts Andrew , Crawford Ben , Earl Stevan , Evans Jonathan , Fortuniak Krzysztof , Heusinkveld Bert G. , Hong Je-Woo , Hong Jinkyu , Järvi Leena , Jo Sungsoo , Kim Yeon-Hee , Kotthaus Simone , Lee Keunmin , Masson Valéry , McFadden Joseph P. , Michels Oliver , Pawlak Wlodzimierz , Roth Matthias , Sugawara Hirofumi , Tapper Nigel , Velasco Erik , Ward Helen Claire
Published: November 2022

Abstract. A total of 20 urban neighbourhood-scale eddy covariance flux
tower datasets are made openly available after being harmonized to create a
50 site–year collection with broad diversity in climate and urban surface
characteristics. Variables needed as inputs for land surface models
(incoming radiation, temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind and
precipitation) are quality controlled, gap-filled and prepended with 10 years of reanalysis-derived local data, enabling an extended spin up to
equilibrate models with local climate conditions. For both gap filling and
spin up, ERA5 reanalysis meteorological data are bias corrected using
tower-based observations, accounting for diurnal, seasonal and local urban
effects not modelled in ERA5. The bias correction methods developed perform
well compared to methods used in other datasets (e.g. WFDE5 or FLUXNET2015).
Other variables (turbulent and upwelling radiation fluxes) are harmonized
and quality controlled without gap filling. Site description metadata
include local land cover fractions (buildings, roads, trees, grass etc.),
building height and morphology, aerodynamic roughness estimates, population
density and satellite imagery. This open collection can help extend our
understanding of urban environmental processes through observational
synthesis studies or in the evaluation of land surface environmental models
in a wide range of urban settings. These data can be accessed from
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984
(Lipson et al.,
2022).
Epidote dissolution–precipitation during viscous granular flow: a micro-chemical and isotope study
Authors: Peverelli Veronica , Berger Alfons , Wille Martin , Pettke Thomas , Lanari Pierre , Villa Igor Maria , Herwegh Marco
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Deformation of polymineralic aggregates can be
accommodated by viscous granular flow, a process mediated by the interplay
among intracrystalline plasticity and dissolution–precipitation, each
active in specific minerals under given P–T conditions. Some rock-forming
minerals like quartz and feldspars have been intensively studied in terms of
deformation processes. Instead, the deformation behavior of epidote and its
role during viscous granular flow is not well investigated, although this
mineral is ubiquitous in granitic rocks deforming under greenschist-facies
conditions. In this contribution, we provide microstructural and geochemical
evidence for the occurrence of dissolution–precipitation of epidote during
deformation of an epidote–quartz vein. The main part of the vein is deformed,
producing a fold, which is visible due to relicts of primary-growth layering
inside the vein. The deformation mechanisms active during deformation
include dynamic recrystallization of quartz by subgrain rotation
recrystallization, producing grain size reduction in the primary vein
quartz. Recrystallization occurs contemporaneously with dissolution and
(re)precipitation of epidote and quartz grain boundary sliding, leading to
a combined process described as viscous granular flow. The combination of
grain boundary sliding and dissolution locally and repeatedly produces creep
cavities. These represent not only loci for nucleation of new epidote grains
at the expense of dissolved ones, but they also allow fluid-mediated
transport of elements. The same trace element patterns between old epidote
relicts and newly formed grains, with much narrower variability in the
latter, indicate a process of chemical homogenization. The nature of the
fluid that mediates deformation is investigated using Pb–Sr isotope data of
epidote, which suggest that deformation is assisted by internally recycled
fluids with the addition of a syn-kinematic external fluid component.