bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of Transdiagnostic Vulnerability Factors in Patients with Chronic Insomnia
Authors: Asgarabad Mojtaba Habibi , Vand Hoda Doos Ali , Yegaei Pardis Salehi , Hooman Farzaneh , Ahmadi Reza , Baglioni Chiara , Moradi Shahram
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Various transdiagnostic factors have been associated with insomnia severity. The current study aimed to predict insomnia severity based on a group of transdiagnostic factors including neuroticism, emotion regulation, perfectionism, psychological inflexibility, anxiety sensitivity, and repetitive negative thinking after controlling for depression/anxiety symptoms and demographic characteristics.
Methods: Two hundred patients with chronic insomnia disorder were recruited from a sleep disorder clinic. Participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ-10), Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21).
Results:After controlling for the confounding variables (depression/anxiety symptoms and demographic characteristics), hierarchical multiple linear regression suggested the significant association of neuroticism (BFI), cognitive reappraisal (ERQ), personal standards (CPQ), evaluative concerns (CPQ), physical concerns (ASI), cognitive concerns (ASI), and repetitive negative thinking (RTQ) with insomnia severity.
Discussion: The findings support the role of transdiagnostic factors, especially physical concerns, repetitive negative thinking, and neuroticism in chronic insomnia. Future research using longitudinal designs is required to verify the causal status of transdiagnostic variables.
What is the Impact of Alcohol ban on Prevalence of Undertrial Prisoners of Liquor & Narcotics Drugs related Acts violation in Bihar - A twelve year (2010-2021) comparative cross-sectional study-V2
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate
Published: April 2023

There is a global prerequisite for making and implementing a diminution strategy in the want of drugs of addiction, both legal and banned, which may otherwise lead to plentiful negative health, family, socio-economic and mental consequences. During the 63rd session of the WHA (World Health Assembly), held at Geneva in May 2010, including India the 193 global member states reached on mutual consensus for global strategies to trim down the detrimental use of alcohol by adopting resolution WHA 63.13. The (GoI) Government of India enforced THE NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT, 1985, ACT NO. 61 OF 1985 with guidelines, protocols and essential framework to reduce drug abuse and sale in India. Alcohol causes 3 million deaths per annum globally; responsible for 5.1% of the global burden of disease, gender wise harmful consumption of alcohol is about 7.1% in males compared to 2.2% in females. The Bihar Excise Act, 1915 was amended and new amendment Act, 2016 was enforced from 01.04.2016, vide Gazette Notification No. 1485 dated 05.04.2016. Absolute Prohibition of sale and consumption of liquor in any form was declared in the State of Bihar. Bihar Prohibition and Excise Act, 2016 was notified on 2nd of October 2016 to put into effect complete ban of alcohol consumption/sale in the territory of Bihar. The key objective of this study is to find out impact of alcohol ban on the prevalence of Undertrial Prisoners of Liquor & Narcotics Drugs related Acts violation before the intervention (i.e. alcohol ban) and after alcohol ban. This novel cross sectional research study revealed that there is 1190.39 percent increase in the Undertrial prisoners violating Bihar Liquor & Narcotics Drugs Excise Act after absolute prohibition of sale and consumption of liquor in Bihar, India. Added to this the research study also revealed that there is 355.12 percent and 169.30 percent increase in violation of Liquor & Narcotics Drugs Prohibition Act as well as Liquor & Narcotics Drugs NDPS Act respectively during the period when alcohol is banned in the state of Bihar as compared to same period before alcohol ban.
An underlying motor bias shapes individuality during vocal learning
Authors: Toji Noriyuki , Sawai Azusa , Wang Hongdi , Ji Yu , Sugioka Rintaro , Go Yasuhiro , Wada Kazuhiro
Published: April 2023

The emergence of individuality during learned behavior is a general feature of animal species, yet the biological bases of its development remain unknown. Similar to human speech, songbirds develop individually-unique songs with species-specific traits through vocal learning. By taking advantage of songbirds as a model system for studying the neural basis of vocal learning and development, we utilized F1 hybrid songbirds (Taeniopygia guttata cross with T. bichenovii) to examine the developmental and molecular mechanisms underlying individuality in vocal learning. When tutoring with songs from both parental species, F1 pupils showed vast individual differences in their acquired songs. Approximately 30% of F1 hybrids selectively learned either song of the two parental species, whereas others developed merged songs between the parental species. Vocal acoustic biases during vocal babbling were initially observed as individual differences in songs among F1 juveniles, which were maintained through the sensitive period of song vocal learning. These individual differences in vocal acoustic biases appeared independently from the auditory experience of hearing biological farther’s and passive tutored songs. Furthermore, the idiosyncratic traits of F1 hybrids’ songs were not correlated with peripheral vocal organ morphology. However, we identified unique transcriptional signatures from the glutamatergic neurons projecting from the cortical vocal output nucleus to the hypoglossal nuclei associated with individual differences in the acoustic vocal biases, even at the initial stage of vocal learning. These results indicate that a predisposed motor bias influences the individuality observed when learning new motor skills.
Genetic diversity among grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) cultivars grown in Pakistan by using ISSR markers
Authors: Ali Naila , Afrasiab Humera , Latif Zakia , Iqbal Adnan , nisa Zaib-un , Hakimi Syed Samiullah
Published: April 2023

Many European and indigenous cultivars of grapes are grown in Pakistan, however, their interrelationship is indistinct. For the identification of these cultivars ampelographic and genetic characterization were used to analyze the similarities and relatedness of grapevine cultivars. Morphological characterization of grapevine cultivars namely Red Globe, Autumn Royal, Crimson, Thompson, Perlette, Kings Ruby, Sundarkhani included berry morphology, fruit skin color, flesh color, sweetness, compactness, and weight of bunch of each cultivar and all the grapevine cultivars were different from each other morphologically based on the studied characters. Molecular diversity of these cultivars was evaluated using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) marker.
Six primers were evaluated which produced a total number of 84 scored bands ranging from 150bp to 1200bp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.233-0.457 and percentage of polymorphism varied with each primer ranging from 83 % to 100 %. All grape cultivars were vegetatively propagated which minimized genetic variation as the source of differences among them during the experimental work and data analysis. Our results indicate that ISSR fingerprints are an efficient method for identification and resolution of genetic diversity between different grape cultivars.
Virtual Family-Centered Rounds in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rosenthal Jennifer , Tancredi Daniel , Marcin James , Ketchersid Audriana , Horath Elva , Zerda Erika , Bushong Trevor , Merriott Daniel , Romano Patrick , Young Heather , Hoffman Kristin
Published: April 2023

Background: Family-centered rounds is recognized as a best practice for hospitalized children, but it has only been possible for children whose families can physically be at the bedside during hospital rounds. The use of telehealth to bring a family member virtually to the child’s bedside during rounds is a promising solution. We aim to evaluate the impact of virtual family-centered rounds in the neonatal intensive care unit on parental and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: This two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will randomize families of hospitalized infants to have the option to use telehealth for virtual rounds (intervention) or usual care (control). The intervention-arm families will also have the option to participate in rounds in-person or to not participate in rounds. All eligible infants who are admitted to this single-site neonatal intensive care unit during the study period will be included. Eligibility requires that there be an English-proficient adult parent or guardian. We will measure participant-level outcome data to test the impact on family-centered rounds attendance, parent experience, family-centered care, parent activation, parent health-related quality of life, length of stay, breastmilk feeding, and neonatal growth. Additionally, we will conduct a mixed methods implementation evaluation using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework.
Discussion: The findings from this trial will increase our understanding about virtual family-centered rounds in the neonatal intensive care unit. The mixed methods implementation evaluation will enhance our understanding about the contextual factors that influence the implementation and rigorous evaluation of our intervention.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05762835. Status: Not yet recruiting. First Posted: 3/10/2023; Last Update Posted: 3/10/2023.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Biomarkers in a Bi-monthly Maintenance Dosing Aflibercept in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Park Jong Beom , Kim Kiyoung , Kang Min Seok , Kim Eung Suk , Yu Seung-Young
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the correlations between swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) parameters and clinical outcomes in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) administered a bimonthly intravitreal afliberceptregimen.
Methods: This prospective, single-arm, interventional study enrolled 33 patients with treatment-naïve nAMD. The eyes received three monthly aflibercept injections followed by five bi-monthly regimens (total 50 weeks). The structural parameters including central subfield thickness (CST) and 5 mm pigment epithelial detachment (PED) volume and microvascular parameters including macular neovascularization (MNV) area, vessel density (VD), and vessel length density (VLD) were recorded every before and 1 week after treatment.
Results: Patients who gained >5 letters of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from the baseline showed greater decreases in VD and VLD during the loading phase. Patients without recurrent or persistent fluid during the maintenance phase showed greater decreases in CST and 5 mm PED volume after the first injection. The decrease in mean VD during the loading phase was significantly correlated with the final BCVA (r = -0.820, p = 0.004). Moreover, the decrease in mean VLD during the loading phase was significantly correlated with the improvement in the final BCVA (r = -0.726, p = 0.017).
Conclusions:The initial reductions in CST, VD, and VLD after intravitreal injection were associated with greater BCVA improvement. Therefore, early changes in OCTA microvascular and OCT structural parameters could help predict clinical outcomes in nAMD.
The trial was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS), which joined the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (Registration number: KCT0007375, Date of first trial registration: 10/06/2022).
Perceived risk of LSD use in the United States from 2015-2019: Are Americans assessing LSD’s risk profile more favorably?
Authors: Barnett Brian S. , Anand Akhil , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Smith Darron , Nayak Sandeep M. , Weleff Jeremy
Published: April 2023

Background: Most Americans perceive lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to be a high-risk drug, despite infrequent serious adverse events associated with its use. Though LSD use is rising in the United States, little has been written about whether perceived risk of LSD (prLSD) is changing or factors influencing prLSD.
Methods: Using National Survey on Drug Use and Health data from 2015-2019, we investigated correlates of and temporal trends in prLSD.
Results: On multivariable modeling for respondents 18 years of age and older, lower prLSD was associated in a statistically significant manner with later survey year, personal LSD use, younger age, higher education level, male gender, identifying as a sexual minority, having less self-influential religious beliefs, past year psychological distress, and other factors. Higher prLSD was associated in a statistically significant manner with identifying as Black or Hispanic, past year suicide attempt, and having children in the home. From 2015-2019, there was a statistically significant linear decreasing trend in proportion of respondents who perceived “great” risk in trying LSD [from 70.5% to 64.8%; (p<0.0001)].
Conclusions: We observed important differences in prLSD among subgroups, suggesting factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, and personal history of LSD use could significantly influence prLSD. Our findings also indicate that Americans as a whole appear to be assessing LSD’s risk profile more favorably in recent years.
Medial entorhinal cortex plays a specialized role in learning of flexible, context-dependent interval timing behavior
Authors: Heys James , Bigus Erin , Lee Hyun-Woo , Shi Jiani
Published: April 2023

In order to survive and adapt in a dynamic environment, animals must perceive and remember the temporal structure of events and actions across a wide range of timescales, including so-called interval timing on the scale of seconds to minutes1,2. Episodic memory (i.e. the ability to remember specific, personal events that occur in spatial and temporal context) requires accurate temporal processing and is known to require neural circuits in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), including medial entorhinal cortex (MEC)3–5. Recently, it has been discovered that neurons in MEC termed time cells, fire regularly at brief moments as animals engage in interval timing behavior, and as a population, display sequential neural activity that tiles the entire timed epoch6. It has been hypothesized that MEC time cell activity could provide temporal information necessary for episodic memories, yet it remains unknown whether the neural dynamics of MEC time cells display a critical feature necessary for encoding experience. That is, whether MEC time cells display context-dependent activity. To address this question, we developed a novel behavioral paradigm that requires learning complex temporal contingencies. Applying this novel interval timing task in mice, in concert with methods for manipulating neural activity and methods for large-scale cellular resolution neurophysiological recording, we have uncovered a specific role for MEC in flexible, context-dependent learning of interval timing behavior. Further, we find evidence for a common circuit mechanism that could drive both sequential activity of time cells and spatially selective neurons in MEC.
Growth patterns of young achondroplasia patients in Korea and predictability of neurosurgical procedures
Authors: Lee Jong Seok , Shim Youngbo , Cho Tae-Joon , Kim Seung-Ki , Ko Jung Min , Phi Ji Hoon
Published: April 2023

Background Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder mainly affecting bony growth, typically resulting in markedly short stature. From a neurosurgical viewpoint, patients sometimes develop spinal cord compression at the narrowed foramen magnum and hydrocephalus. This study aims to construct growth references for height, weight, and head circumference (HC) of young achondroplasia patients in Korea and to evaluate the predictability of the necessity and timing of neurosurgical procedures through growth patterns.Methods Growth data were collected from achondroplasia patients who visited our institution between January 2002 and August 2022. First, we constructed percentile growth curves of height, weight, and HC for the patients under 3 years of age with the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). Second, the growth patterns of the patients with hydrocephalus who underwent neurosurgical procedures such as foramen magnum decompression (FMD) and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt were analyzed.Results There were 125 achondroplasia patients, including 67 males and 58 females. Among 125 patients, 46 underwent FMD, and 5 underwent VP shunt. As short stature and macrocephaly were typical characteristics of achondroplasia, the height of achondroplasia was lower than that of the general population, and HC in achondroplasia showed accelerated growth postnatally. There were no significant changes in HC in hydrocephalus patients before they underwent neurosurgical procedures. The influence of hydrocephalus on the growth patterns of HC in achondroplasia seemed insignificant.Conclusion Growth references for height, weight, and HC in young achondroplasia patients were constructed. It is the first report of growth patterns of achondroplasia in Korea. Unlike other pediatric patients, the diagnosis of hydrocephalus and the necessity of neurosurgical procedures are hard to be predicted with HC in achondroplasia. Neuroimaging should be considered for achondroplasia patients with neurological symptoms.
A Machine Learning-based Diagnosis and Prediction of Diabetes Mellitus Disease
Authors: Thotad Puneeth N
Published: April 2023

Traditional diagnostic techniques are prone to human error and are time-consuming. Computer-aided diagnostic procedures improve performance and reduce expenses. This paper presents machine learning-based classifiers to detect diabetes in India, and Indian Demographic & Health Survey (2019–21) dataset is considered for the analysis. Classifiers like Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest are considered. The four phases adopted in work include preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and analysis. Principal Component Analysis is used for feature reduction. Hyper-tuning parameters are tuned to achieve good performance of the classifiers. From the results, Random Forest has given the maximum classification accuracy, precision, recall, and area under the curve compared with other models. The work finds application in healthcare for the predictive analysis of diabetes.
Intelligent voice system design for smart classroom construction based on Speech enhancement algorithm
Authors: Lu Heping
Published: April 2023

Online education brings both opportunities and challenges to educational institutions. The current application of traditional intelligent mode is relatively backward, in the reform of English learning, but also pays attention to students' learning participation, which will directly affect their learning effect. Therefore, this article explores and offers appropriate recommendations. For example, the development of cloud collection technology, through the installation of classroom intelligent equipment, through intelligent voice system, identify each student's parameters and classroom environment, record students' learning state, then the machine learning results are applied to intelligent classroom management to improve the classroom time utilization rate and students' learning efficiency. The whole system also includes data acquisition equipment, management node, cloud server and cloud data management equipment platform. After designing the relevant system, this paper conducts a practical research on college students' English learning under the intelligent classroom environment. After practice, questionnaire survey was conducted on the construction and use of wisdom classroom. The data show that the use of wireless sensor network and intelligent voice system, and applied in intelligent classroom, greatly improve the students' learning participation.
Oncologic relevance of genetic alterations in sporadic synchronous and solitary colorectal cancer: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Son Il Tae , Kim Minsung , Oh Bo-Young , Kim Min Jeong , Yoon Sang Nam , Park Jun Ho , Kim Byung Chun , Kim Jong Wan
Published: April 2023

Background Oncologic impact of genetic alteration across synchronous colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the oncologic relevance according to genetic alteration between synchronous and solitary CRC with performing systematic review.
Methods Multicenter retrospective analysis was performed for CRC patients with curative resection. Genetic profiling was consisted of microsatellite instability (MSI) testing, RAS (K-ras, and N-ras), and BRAF (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) V600E mutation. Multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression for synchronicity,and Cox proportional hazard model with stage-adjusting for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results It was identified synchronous (n = 36) and solitary (n = 579) CRC with similar base line characteristics. RAS mutation was associated to synchronous CRC with no relations of MSI and BRAF. During median follow up of 77.8 month, Kaplan-meier curves showed significant differences according to MSI-high for OS, and in RAS, and BRAF mutation for DFS, respectively. In multivariable analyses, RAS and BRAFmutation were independent factors (RAS, HR = 1.808, 95% CI = 1.18–2.77, p = 0.007; BRAF, HR = 2.417, 95% CI = 1.32–4.41, p = 0.004). Old age was independent factor for OS (HR = 3.626, 95% CI = 1.09–12.00, p = 0.035).
Conclusion This study showed that oncologic outcomes might differ according to mutation burden characterized by RAS, BRAF, and MSI between synchronous CRC and solitary CRC. In addition, our systematic review highlighted a lack of data and much heterogeneity in genetic characteristics and survival outcomes of synchronous CRC relative to that of solitary CRC.
Prediction of Calcineurin inhibition using Phosphatase activity in immunosuppressing (Tacrolimus) oral drug dose regimen and its clinical correlation.
Authors: Reddy U.Swetha , D.M.Sruj
Published: April 2023

This is a pilot study conducted to validate the intensity of immunosuppression that an individual with kidney transplant develops post-surgical grafting of the organ. It also entails the plausible clinical and pharmacological factors that can contribute to the rejection of the organ on a broader scale. The immunosuppression drug under research is Tacrolimus (FK506), that is assayed for its inhibition of Calcineurin Phosphatase Activity (CPA/CaN Activity) resulting in acceptance and stabilization of the organ system as a whole after transplant. This study also attempts to prescribe a dose regimen by estimating the bioavailability of the oral dosage form. The subjects participating in this trial are an all-male group and are studied for a period of 3-6 months immediately after the surgical transplantation procedure. Therefore, the initial results obtained with the procedures followed are potential for a cohort study (of all genders and age groups).
Cat-Scratch disease manifesting as uveitis and binocular fundus nodular lesions: a case report
Authors: Hong Hao , Li Tianxi , Ying Ye , An Qi , Liu Hu , Liang Kang
Published: April 2023

Background
Cat-scratch disease usually manifests with uveitis, vitritis, retinitis, retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis, yet, with fundus nodular lesions rarely reported. In our study, we report a case of Cat-Scratch disease with binocular fundus nodular lesions.
Case presentation
An 11-year old male presented with uveitis (right eye) and binocular fundus nodular lesions after indirect contact with unvaccinated cats. Ancillary examinations (Wide-angle fundus photography, Ultrasonography, Fluorescein fundus angiography, Optical coherence tomography and Orbital Magnetic Resonance Imaging) were conducted to describe the multidimensional features of the binocular lesions. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing confirmed the diagnosis of Cat-scratch disease. The patient’s condition improved after 6-month combination treatment of systemical doxycycline hyclat and methylprednisolone tablets plus local mydriatic and corticosteroid eye drops.
Conclusions
We firstly reported a case simultaneously combined with uveitis and binocular fundus nodular lesions secondary to infection of Bartonella henselae in a child. Timely diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids could improve the prognosis of these disorders.
Health Care Providers’ Readiness and Its Associated Factors in Managing Intimate Partner Violence in Public Hospitals of Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Elfios Eshetu , Tesfaye Teketel
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Intimate partner violence is a highly prevalent, serious, sensitive, growing, and preventable public health problem. However, there is a scarcity of evidence showing health providers are prepared to identify and manage intimate partner violence in the study area. This study aimed to assess the perceived readiness and associated factors among healthcare providers who work at public hospitals in Kembeta, Tembaro Zone, South, Ethiopia, 2022.
Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 healthcare providers working in Kembeta Tembaro zone public hospitals. The dataset was coded and entered using Epidata version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable linear regressions were done and the strength of association was assessed by using unstandardized with 95% CI. Then, a P-value of 0.05 was considered as an independently associated factor for perceived readiness.
Results: A total of 410 healthcare providers were included, yielding a response rate of 96.67%. The overall mean perceived readiness was (38.1 ± 6.03). Age [β= 0.01, 95% CI: (0.005, 0.018)], year of experience [β= 0.058, 95% CI: (0.044, 0.072)], had intimate partner violence training [β= 0.32, 95% CI: (0.24, 0.39)] and log10 of perceived knowledge score on IPV management [β= 1.42, 95% CI: (1.09, 1.72)], log10 of attitude score toward IPV [β= 2.19, 95% CI: (1.87, 2.50)] all demonstrated a significant and positive relationship with mean perceived readiness.
Conclusion: The comprehensive intimate partner violence training package effectively brings gains in preparedness among healthcare providers in addressing survivors of intimate partner violence.
Oral manifestations of long COVID and the views of healthcare professionals.
Authors: Patel Dhruvi , Louca Chris , Vargas Carolina Machuca
Published: April 2023

Aims
Oral manifestations have been observed with this condition, however, little is known about their impact on the healthcare professionals routinely managing these patients. To investigate the prevalence of the oral manifestations of long COVID and the healthcare professionals' views, experiences and practices for managing these conditions.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional mixed-methods study, including a self-reported online questionnaire (n=104) and healthcare professionals’ (n=7) semi-structured interviews, was conducted. Descriptive statistics and reflexive thematic analysis were used to analyse the data.
Results
78% of respondents reported one or more oral conditions associated with COVID. Changes in the sense of taste and/or smell (58%), dry mouth (48.1%) and mouth sores (45.7%) were frequently reported. Themes identified from healthcare professionals’ interviews were areas for research, management and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Discussion
Allied healthcare professionals may assist dental professionals with managing oral manifestations of long COVID. Inadequate access to NHS dentistry is deterring patients worried about their oral symptoms and the limited oral knowledge of healthcare professionals affects their ability to manage patients.
Conclusion
Oral manifestations of long COVID have been observed by healthcare professionals, however, further information and training on this topic would assist them with managing patients and increasing awareness among clinicians.
Days spent on non-invasive ventilation support: Can it determine when to initiate VV-ECMO? Observational study in a cohort of Covid-19 patients.
Authors: Fuset-Cabanes María P. , Hernández-Platero LLuisa , Sabater-Riera Joan , Gordillo-Benitez Miguel , Paolo Fabio Di , Cárdenas-Campos Paola , Maisterra-Santos Krystel , Pons-Serra María , Sastre-Pérez Paola , Pérez-Fernández Xose , García-Zaloña Alejandro , Puentes-Yañez Javiera
Published: April 2023

Background: The study evaluates the impact of the time between commencing non-invasive ventilation (NIV) support and initiation of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in a cohort of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Methods: Prospective observational study design in an intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital in Barcelona (Spain). All patients requiring VV-ECMO support due to COVID-19 associated ARDS between March 2020 and January 2022 were analysed. Survival outcome was determined at 90 days after VV-ECMO initiation. Demographic data, comorbidities at ICU admission, RESP (respiratory ECMO survival prediction) score, antiviral and immunomodulatory treatments received, inflammatory biomarkers, the need for vasopressors, the thromboprophylaxis regimen received, and respiratory parameters including the length of intubation previous to ECMO and the length of each NIV support (high-flow nasal cannula, continuous positive airway pressure and bi-level positive airway pressure), were also collated in order to assess risk factors for day-90 mortality. The effect of the time lapse between NIV support and VV-ECMO on survival was evaluated using logistic regression and adjusting the association with all factors that were significant in the univariate analysis.
Results: Seventy-two patients finally received VV-ECMO support. At 90 days after commencing VV-ECMO 35 (48%) had died and 37 (52%) were alive. Multivariable analysis showed that at VV-ECMO initiation, age (p=0.02), lactate (p=0.001), and days from initiation of NIV support to starting VV-ECMO (p=0.04) were all associated with day-90 mortality. Conclusions: In our small cohort of VV-ECMO patients with COVID-19 associated ARDS, the time spent between initiation of NIV support and VV-ECMO (together with age and lactate) appear to be a better predictor of mortality than that between intubation and VV-ECMO.
Challenges and Recommendations for Conducting Research in Primary Health Care Practice: An integrative review
Authors: Bonfim Daiana , Belotti Lorrayne , de Almeida Leticia Yamawaka , Oliveira Ilana Eshriqui , Velasco Sofia Rafaela Maito , Monteiro Camila Nascimento , Jantsch Adelson Guaraci
Published: April 2023

Background Primary care practice-based research is valuable for advancing scientific knowledge in real-world settings and promoting evidence-based practice. It has external validity to other primary health care settings, making translation of research findings easier. However, conducting such research can be challenging, especially in low- and middle-income countries with limited resources and infrastructure. Systematizing the challenges and recommendations is necessary to support researchers in producing high-quality research in primary care.Objective To identify challenges and recommendations for conducting practice-based research in primary health care services.Method An integrative literature review was performed on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Lilacs databases.Results 440 articles were identified and 25 were included in the analysis. There was a prevalence of descriptive studies, conducted in developed countries, and the majority with the participation of physicians. The challenges and recommendations for conducting practice-based research in primary health care services were grouped into six topics: research planning; infrastructure; engagement of health professionals in research; knowledge translation; relation between universities and practice; international partnerships and collaboration.Conclusion The challenges to implementing research in primary health care settings are similar in several analyzed contexts and the recommendations found point to the necessity for lasting and systemic action that engages managers, decision makers, academics, health professionals of different categories and users, aiming towards the sustainability and transformation of the practice.
Integration of Android-Based Survey Application Using Low-Cost GNSS F9R And WebGIS for Real-Time Monitoring of Water Meter Asset
Authors: Cahyadi Mokhamad Nur , Handayani Hepi Hapsari , Raharjo Agus Budi , Nurmianto Eko , Susanto Leviana Orchid Fiskarini , Haq Failaqul , Ramadhania Nurya , Triawan Luki Adi , Lest Dwi Sri
Published: April 2023

Population growth in the city of Surabaya encourages local water supply companies PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) Surya Sembada to maintain the desired level of service regarding asset management needs. PDAM already has a meter recording application for record positions and water usage for asset inventory using smartphone internal GNSS and Geodetic GNSS but has low position accuracy. The application is less effective because time-consuming and a long process, so integrate customer data with land and building taxes data as the basis for determining tariffs, it isn't easy to do. These limitations have prompted this research to develop a more effective, cost-effective asset mapping system with more accurate positioning. This study develops an asset management system in android smartphone that uses low-cost GNSS then integrated with WebGIS (Web-based geographic information systems) for mapping and managing PDAM water meter assets. Android applications and WebGIS are connected through a database that uses an API (Application Programming Interface) to communicate between platforms. The low-cost GNSS accuracy showed very good results compared to the Geodetic GNSS. Sub-zone 102, which has customers such as large industries, warehouses, offices, large businesses, and public service offices, shows a very high-risk analysis of asset damage.
Establishing Entrustable Professional Activities for Psychiatry Residents in China
Authors: Yan Feng , Yang Xu , Zhang，MB Ligang , Cheng Huaqin , Bai， Luyuan , Yang Fude
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The authors established entrustable professional activities for psychiatry residents in China.
Methods: The authors conducted a literature research and two expert consultation rounds following the Delphi method in 2022 to screen and optimize entrustable professional activities for psychiatry residents.
Results: The effective questionnaire recovery rate in the two consultation rounds was 100% (44/44). The expert authority coefficients of the first and second consultation rounds were 0.861 and 0.881, respectively. The Kendall harmony coefficients of the first and second expert consultation rounds were 0.279 (χ2 = 405.43, P < .001) and 0.389 (χ2 = 3456.83, P < .001), respectively. The arithmetic means of the various indicators’ evaluation results in the two consultation rounds ranged between 3.61 and 4.93, and the full score rates were between 13.6% and 93.2%. The authors established 17 entrustable professional activities for psychiatry residents and their contents with phase-based modularization and formulated the entrustable level of each at various stages.
Conclusions: Combined with standardized psychiatry training characteristics, the authors preliminarily established phase-specific and modular entrustable professional activities for psychiatry residents. The formulated entrustable professional activities are suitable for the practice and clinical environment of standardized psychiatry training in China. The devised system has good observability and measurability and provides a simple and feasible competency evaluation method for standardized psychiatry resident training.
Noninvasive High-Frequency Oscillation Ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lin Hong , Lin Yunfeng , Chen Qian , Huang Shanbiao , Fu Zizhou
Published: April 2023

Objective:Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) is a relatively new non-invasive modality, and evidence for its use is limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of nHFOV in preventing reintubation in premature newborn infants.
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 101 premature infants with RDS who were treated in our hospital from between November 2017 and November 2020. The inclusion criteria were premature infants born in our hospital who need nHFOV for more than 24 hours, and the exclusion criteria were who do not need nHFOV or whose duration of NHFOV was less than 24 hours.
Results:101 preterm infants (birth weight:995±244g，gestational age:27±1 weeks) were commenced on receive NHFOV treatment on 116 occasions. NHFOV was used immediately postextubation as next level of noninvasive respiratory support (prophylaxis)in 78 of 116 occasions and as“rescue”(NCPAP or biphasic CPAP failed) in 36 of 116 occasions. Treatment with NHFOV was successful in 100 occasions (86%) while 16 occasions (14%) were needed to be intubated within 7 days. Percutaneous oxygen saturation was improved after noninvasive high-frequency ventilation( the groups of 86-90% and 91-95%, p=0.00), suggesting better oxygenation and reducing apnea(0.9±0.9 vs 0.5±0.5,p=0.00).In terms of carbon dioxide emissions, PCO2 was significantly different before and after ventilation in the rescue group((54.9±15.1 vs 42.6±8.8, p=0.00), but not in the prophylaxis group(45.1±10.9 vs 44.9±9.1, p=0.97).There was no difference in FiO2(%) requirements before and after starting NHFOV (35.5±8.8 vs 33.8±9.0, p=0.17, respectively) .
Conclusion The use of NHFOV is feasible as a prophylactic or rescue mode of NIV, which decreases the number of apneas and PCO2. it is worthy of further clinical application research.
The U-shaped relationship between sleep time on workdays and depression in US aged 20 years and older with hypertension: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Xiao Yuan , Lin Yichang , Ni Binghang , Hou Riting , Jiang Yu , Zhang Yan
Published: April 2023

Background Few epidemiological research has been conducted in hypertensive populations on depression and sleep time on workdays. The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between sleep time on workdays and depression in hypertensive populations from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).Methods In all, 9407 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 with a history of hypertension were examined. We investigated the association between sleep time on workdays and the prevalence of depression in a hypertensive population using weighted univariate logistic regression analysis, weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis, weighted subgroup analysis, and weighted restricted cubic spline analysis.Results Sleep time on workdays was significantly linked with depression in a multivariable logistic regression model that adjusted for all covariates (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.77–0.92, P < 0.01). Additionally, grouping sleep time on workdays into quartiles (Q) revealed a link between reduced workday sleep duration and a higher risk of depression [Q1=(OR:1.00), Q2= (OR:0.50, 95% CI:0.38–0.67, P < 0.01), Q3= (OR:0.51,95% CI:0.38–0.67, P < 0.01), Q3= (OR:0.79, 95% CI:0.57–1.11, P = 0.17)]. We also conducted subgroup analyses for age, gender, race, education, marital status, use of tobacco and alcohol, and other health issues, and discovered moderating effects for sleep time on workdays and depression across these variables(P < 0.05). Finally, we used a weighted restricted cubic spline curve to investigate the non-linear association between sleep time on workdays and depression. We discovered a U-shaped relationship with an inflection point of 7.427. By further stratifying by gender, race, and marital status, we found a non-linear relationship between sleep time on workdays and depression.Conclusion Our results indicate that less sleep time on workdays is associated with an increased risk of depression in people with hypertension.
Experimental research into the uniaxial compressive strength of low-density reef limestone based on image recognition
Authors: Wei Xiaoqing , Luo Yi , Zhang Jinrui , Li Xinping , Meng Fei
Published: April 2023

Low-density reef limestone is widely distributed in tropical oceans; exploring its mechanical properties is of significance to practices in marine foundation engineering. In this research, laboratory experiments on low-density reef limestones with two different types of porous structures were conducted using image recognition methods to study the special mechanical properties of low-reef limestone. Results indicate that: low-density reef limestone shows apparent porous structure. Image recognition methods were used to determine feasibility and convenience of capturing 2D pore geometric information of specimens. Low-density reef limestones with different porous structures show small difference in porosity and density; while they exhibit large differences in pore sizes and UCS. The UCS of low-density reef limestone is found to be jointly influenced by pore structure and density (it increases with the decrease of parameter \(\stackrel{-}{S}\) and increase of density). The results may provide help for those investigating the mechanical properties of reef limestone and practices in marine foundation engineering.
Adaptive Temporal Compression for Reduction of Computational Complexity in Human Behavior Recognition
Authors: Huang Haixin , Wang Yuyao , Cai Mingqi , Wang Ruipeng , Wen Feng , Hu Xiaojie
Published: April 2023

The research on video analytics especially in the area of human behavior recognition has become increasingly popular recently. It is widely applied in virtual reality, video surveillance, and video retrieval. With the advancement of deep learning algorithms and computer hardware, the conventional two-dimensional convolution technique for training video models has been replaced by three-dimensional convolution, which enables the extraction of spatio-temporal features. Specifically, the use of 3D convolution in human behavior recognition has been the subject of growing interest. However, the increased dimensionality has led to challenges such as the dramatic increase in the number of parameters, increased time complexity, and a strong dependence on GPUs for effective spatio-temporal feature extraction. The training speed can be considerably slow without the support of powerful GPU hardware. To address these issues, this study proposes an Adaptive Temporal Compression (ATC) module that serves as a standalone module and can be integrated into existing architectures. The ATC module effectively reduces GPU computing load and time complexity with negligible loss of accuracy, thereby facilitating real-time human behavior recognition.
Quality Trumps Quantity: Exploring Relationships between Job Quality, Job Quantity, and Sleep
Authors: Guo Ya , Wang Senhu
Published: April 2023

Background
Despite ample research on the relationship between work and sleep, little is known about the relative importance of each job quality dimension for sleep quality and whether the relationship in contingent on job quantity (i.e., working hours). Drawing on a unified analytic framework of job quality and job quantity, this study aims to investigate the interactive relationship between job quality and job quantity and their impact on sleep quality.
Method
Our analytical sample comprises of 11,066 men and 13,416 women, between the ages of 18 and 65, extracted from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey. Cases with missing key values are removed from the sample to ensure data integrity. We apply country-level fixed effects models to examine the association between job quantity, job quality, and sleep quality.
Results
Our findings suggest that while working hours or working time mismatch have a weak association with sleep quality, job quality has a more significant impact on sleep quality, with different dimensions playing varying roles. Most favorable job characteristics (e.g., low work intensity, good physical environment, meaningful work) are linked to better sleep quality. In contrast, high skill and discretion is associated with poorer sleep quality. Furthermore, the importance of most job quality indices remains even when people work shorter hours or feel under-employed, highlighting the continued importance of job quality for wellbeing in the global trend of a shorter working week.
Conclusion
By adopting multidimensional concepts of job quantity and job quality, the findings have practical implications for labor market policies and the creation of a supportive workplace environment that fosters better sleep quality and mental health for employees. This may lead to more effective policies to address work-related stress and promote a favorable work-life balance.
Patterns of Presentation of Adults With Hearing Impairment in a Peri-urban Community in South Africa: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mtimkulu Thobekile Kutloano , Khoza-Shangase Katijah
Published: April 2023

Background: There is a wealth of research, globally, on the help-seeking behaviour patterns of individuals with a variety of chronic medical conditions. Contextually relevant findings have been reported describing the influence of a disease and/or disorder together with the related personal, social, environmental, and region-specific factors. However, research related to help-seeking behaviour patterns in hearing impairment is mostly found in high income countries (HICs) and tells a one-sided story indicating a knowledge gap in other contexts. As part of a bigger study titled “In pursuit of preventive audiology: Help-seeking behaviour patterns of adults with hearing impairment in a peri-urban community in South Africa”, the main aim of the study was to describe the pattern of presentation of symptoms in adults with hearing impairment from a peri-urban community in South Africa.
Methods: Through a non-probability purposive sampling method, 23 adults participated in semi-structured interviews using an interview guide. Thematic analysis through a deductive analysis approach was adopted for data analysis.
Results: Participants’ patterns of presentation indicated a belief in a Western bio-medical causation to explain their hearing impairment. Help-seekers sought help mostly from healthcare workers at all levels of healthcare in the public (primary, secondary, and tertiary) and private healthcare sectors, followed by a few participants consulting their social networks. Only one participant used a traditional healthcare provider to resolve his hearing difficulties.
Conclusions: In a diverse country like South Africa, with a majority African population, the influence of cultural practices and beliefs proved to have a minimal influence on participants’ help-seeking behaviour for their ear and hearing challenges. However, an interplay of factors related to one’s context at the time played a significant role in the pattern of presentation to the ear and hearing clinic. There is therefore a need to understand the perspectives of adults with hearing impairment from their environments to facilitate more contextual relevancy in healthcare provision within the preventive audiology field. Hearing health policymakers should also endeavour to consider the realities of health-seeking in each context and environment.