bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Consequences of Irreligion
Authors: Schumaker John F
Published: November 2023

Irreligion has been conceptualized in a number of ways. Campbell (1971) wrote that irreligion can be marked by either indifference or hostility. In this way, irreligion could encompass “a-religion” as well as “anti-religion.” According to Demerath (1969), however, irreligion implies an aggressive rejection of religion that often includes active patterns of counter-belief. Campbell (1977) contrasted “reactive” with “developmental” types of irreligion. Reactive irreligion amounts to a total negation of religion, whereas developmental irreligion is less directly hostile toward specific doctrines and more of an “ultimate extension of the reformative principles within religion itself’ (p. 343). Campbell noted that hostile reactive types of irreligion were more characteristic of the nineteenth century, which witnessed many organized efforts to actively combat religion. Today, according to Campbell, we tend to
Religion and Mental Health in Later Life
Authors: Koenig Harold G
Published: November 2023

Surveys by the Gallup organization (Princeton Religion Research Center, 1982) and other investigators (Koenig, Moberg, & Kvale, 1988) report a wide prevalence of religious beliefs and activities among Americans, particularly the elderly. In this country, involvement in churches or synagogues is the most common form of voluntary group activity for older adults. In fact, more elders are members of religious organizations than all other voluntary social groups combined (Payne, 1972; Cutler, 1976). Half of all persons age 65 or over attend church at least once weekly. There is some evidence to suggest that the amount of social support provided by church members to many elders may even rival that provided by family. One study found that over half of older adults reported 80 percent or more of their closest friends were from their church congregation (Koenig, Moberg, & Kvale, 1988). While church attendance and other group religious activity has been shown to decline after the age of70 (due to physical illness and disability), private religious behaviors such as prayer increase in frequency and have greater meaning. Belief in God, prayer, and reading of religious literature appear to be very common in this age group (Koenig, Smiley, & Gonzales, 1988).
Mental Health of Cult Consumers: Legal and Scientific Controversy
Authors: Richardson James T
Published: November 2023

Considerable controversy has erupted within the American context about the mental health status of participants in new religions, sometimes referred to as cults (Bromley & Richardson, 1983). Some people have claimed that participants are “brainwashed” into joining, and that “mind control” is used to retain members, leading to severe mental disorders (Singer, 1979; Singer & West, 1980; Clark, 1979; Shapiro, 1977). Others have adopted the view that participation is usually voluntary (Richardson, 1985a), lasts for a short time for most of those involved (Bird & Reimer, 1982; Richardson, van der Lans, & Derks, 1986), and that the experience is often ameliorative in its consequences (Kilbourne & Richardson, 1984; 1988).
Samnyāsa Upanisads
Authors: Olivelle Patrick
Published: November 2023

The first readable and accurate translation of twenty of the most authoritative Hindu documents pertaining to ascetic ideals and the ascetic way of life, this text opens to students a major source for the study of the Hindu ascetical institutions and of the historical changes they underwent during a period of a thousand years or more. Beginning with an analysis of the historical context that gave rise to Indian ascetical institutions and ideologies, Patrick Olivelle moves on to elucidate the meaning of renunciation--the central institution of holiness in most Hindu traditions--and the function and significance of the various elements that constitute the rite of renunciation. The Samnyāsa Upanisads will be an unparalleled source of information and insight for students of Hinduism and Indian asceticism, mysticism, and holiness.
Parliamentary Crisis and How to Strengthen Democracy
Authors: Beyme Klaus van
Published: November 2023

A crisis of parliamentary systems occurred between the two world wars. The new post-1945 constitutions were reactions and sometimes overreaction to this crisis. The founding fathers of the new republics in France, Italy, and Germany constitutionalized the parliamentary system that had developed under the old regimes (Belgium 1831, Netherlands 1815, Norway 1814, Sweden 1809, Italy, Statuto Albertino of 1848) despite their more dualistic constitutions, which did not recognize the supremacy of parliament.
The Final Revolution
Authors: Weigel George
Published: November 2023

Many Western commentators have identified the conflict between communism and consumerism as the key factor in the ‘Revolution of 1989’ in eastern Europe. However, in this challenging new book, George Weigel argues that the real root of the Revolution lay in a radical rejection of what Vaclav Havel called communism’s ‘culture of the lie’. Beginning with the ‘martyr-cardinals’ of the 1950s, Weigel considers the role of the Roman Catholic Church in opposing nearly forty years of Kremlin dictates, and examines why the Church was able to ensure the protest of 1989 was civil, nonviolent, and democratic. He also assesses the impact of the election of John Paul II on the Eastern Bloc, and looks at his ‘grand’ strategy for Catholicism’s third millennium and the place in it of a re-Christianized Europe.
Women As Ritual Experts
Authors: Sered Susan Starr
Published: November 2023

Women as Ritual Experts reveals how in gender segregated religions like Orthodox Judaism women develop their own autonomous religious sphere and activities that sacralize female roles. Until recently, this female world of religion has been all but invisible to both anthropologists and scholars of religion, who typically speak as though the male sphere of religion were the only definition of religion or the sacred. By exploring this separate sphere of women ‘s religion and demonstrating its variety, depth, and dynamism, Susan Sered here attempts to expand the definition of religion, ritual and the sacred. Sered ‘s research was conducted among uneducated, illiterate Kurdish women. She uncovers the strategies these women have used to circumvent the patriarchal institutions of Judaism, the techniques by which they have made their lives meaningful within an androcentric culture, and how they have developed their own `little tradition ‘ within and parallel to the `great tradition ‘ of Torah Judaism.
Introductory note to *1941
Authors: Troelstra A S
Published: November 2023

In this lecture, delivered at Yale 15 April 1941, Gödel gives a beau tifully clear account of what later became known as the “Dialectica In terpretation”. The introductory note to 1958 and 1972 in Volume II of these Works contains a detailed discussion of Godel’s published account of this interpretation; here we concentrate on differences between the lecture and the published account.
Authors: F0llesdal Dagfinn
Published: November 2023

This text is based on a shorthand draft from late 1961 or the subse quent years for a lecture that was never given. The manuscript was found in an envelope from the American Philosophical Society postmarked 13 December 1961, and labelled by Gödel “Vortrag, Konzept”. Gödel was elected to membership in that society in April 1961 and signed the roll book the following November. After the November meeting he wrote to G.W. Corner, the executive secretary of the Society, “I would first like to say that I enjoyed the meeting on November 9 very much and that some of the lectures were very interesting to me.”
Introduction
Authors: Hedges Elaine , Fishkin Shelley Fisher
Published: November 2023

It is by now thirty years since Tillie Olsen, in a talk at the Radcliffe Institute in 1963, first formally introduced many of the ideas that in 1978 would comprise her groundbreaking book, Silences. In the years since then the subject she introduced has become central to feminist literary inquiry. Today her insights and her arguments-expanded, modified, redefined, and even contested-continue to provide crucial critical and contextual frameworks for a wide range of scholars and writers.
Northamerican Silences: History, Identity, and Witness in the Poetry of Gloria Anzaldua, Cherrie Moraga, and Leslie Marmon Silko
Authors: Adams Kate
Published: November 2023

I have been told that a poet should be of his or her time. It is my feeling that the twentieth-century human condition demands a poetry of witness. This is not accomplished without certain difficulties; the inherited poetic limits the range of our work and determines the boundaries of what might be said. There is the question of metaphor, which moved Neruda to write, ‘the blood of the children / flowed out onto the streets like ... like the blood of the children.’ “
Silences in Harriet “Linda Brent” Jacobs’s Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl1
Authors: Braxton Joanne m. , zuber sharon
Published: November 2023

Tillie Olsen might well have included Harriet “Linda Brent” Jacobs in that category of writers she described in Silences as belonging to “a class, sex, color still marginalized in literature, and whose coming to voice at all against complex odds is exhausting achievement,” had she been aware, when she wrote, of Jacobs’s work. It was not until three years after Silences appeared, however, that a scholar was able to demonstrate conclusively that Jacobs’s autobiographical slave narrative, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl: Written by Herself (1861), was, in fact, written by Jacobs herself, using the pseudonym “Linda Brent.”2 The book’s author, as Jean Fagan Yellin established, was, indeed, a slave woman, a member of the most systematically silenced segment of antebellum America. Today we can understand Jacobs’s book as a noteworthy example of a work by one of a sex, color, and caste marginalized in both nineteenth-century America and nineteenth-century American literature.
The Quest For The Origin Of John ‘s Gospel
Authors: Brodie Thomas L
Published: November 2023

This book presents a controversial thesis concerning the composition of the Gospel According to John. Most New Testament scholars believe that John was independent of the other three (Synoptic) Gospels, although some hold that he may have been familiar with Mark. This has led many to attempt to reconstruct the history of the community within which and for which John must have written. Brodie argues, however, that until the source question is settled, the historical question remains fruitless. What has been missing from Johannine scholarship, he says, is an accurate sense of the way in which writers of the ancient world set about composing their works. Given this literary context, it can be argued that John knew and used not only all of the Synoptic Gospels, but Acts, Ephesians, and the Pentateuch as well. Finally Brodie concludes that ‘John’ was the individual John and not the mouthpiece of a putative ‘Johannine Community’. The Gospel should thus be read as a unified work, and not as the product of an aggregation of different sources or different dates of redaction.
The Roop Kanwar Case: Feminist Responses
Authors: Oldenburg Veena Talwar
Published: November 2023

On September 5, 1987, in Jaipur, Bal Singh Rathore and Sneh Kanwar discovered that their eighteen-year-old daughter Roop Kanwar—married only eight months before—had suddenly been widowed and then cremated along with the corpse of her husband in the manner of a sati in the village of Deorala, a two-hour drive away. They read this piece of information in the local Hindi language daily; they had not been informed either of the death of their son-in-law in a hospital in the district headquarters in Sikar, nor of their daughter’s wish to die asa sati on her husband’s funeral pyre. They were later persuaded by Roop Kanwar’s in-laws that their daughter had, over efforts to dissuade her, chosen this way to die.
The Library Revisited: Exploring Students’ Research Processes
Authors: Nelson Jennie
Published: November 2023

In spite of teachers’ misgivings and students’ complaints, the research paper remains one of the most common assignments in undergraduate college writing programs across the country (Ford & Perry, 1982). In addition, much of the writing that students are expected to produce in courses across the curriculum requires them to locate and use research material (Bridgeman & Carlson, 1985). Most writing teachers would agree that successful writers must be able to gather, interpret, integrate, and acknowledge material from a variety of sources, but many teachers are disappointed in their students’ responses to research paper assignments and disillusioned about their abilities to teach students these critical processes. Surprisingly, in spite of the important role that research plays in academic writing, researchers have only begun to examine how students approach the process of researching a topic for writing (Stotsky, 1990).
Revising for Headers: Audience Awareness in the Writing Classroom
Authors: Schriver Karen A
Published: November 2023

Audience. Revision. These topics resonate for composition teachers and researchers. Over the last two decades, we have seen a burgeoning of work on audience and revision. Although the efforts in these areas have not been fully integrated, we can draw at least one conclusion: We need new research-driven pedagogies for helping students to revise for readers. The ability to revise one’s prose for an audience is a valuable asset in school or in the workplace. But up to this point, we have seen few teaching methods developed from what research and experience have shown us. Redefining revision in the classroom cannot occur unless we are able to translate research into action. Just what have we learned that teachers can employ and that writers can use? My aim here is to provide research-driven advice for helping writers to anticipate readers’ needs. To do so, I first review the research on audience awareness and revision processes. Then I illustrate how the research can be applied in the classroom by providing a case study of a revision problem. Finally, I offer some ideas for teaching revision.
The Apologists’ Attack on Greek Art: History and Literature
Authors: Finney Paul Corby
Published: November 2023

Two environments define our subject, one history, the other literature. It is pointless to discuss early Christian attitudes toward art in the abstract, apart from these two defining environments. In short, context is the key to understanding this subject. Unless it is put in context, the consensus1 view—namely that early Christian attitudes toward art were essentially negative and rooted first and foremost in Jewish precedents, notably 20:4, 2 the Israelite taboo against idol worship—is really little more than a vague generalization. Without a knowledge of who invoked the taboo, where and when and why, we cannot draw any conclusions that have meaning for history. In fact, as I have already suggested, the consensus is misleading—Greek precedents are of much greater importance for our subject than Jewish models. Given the overall historical context, this is exactly as it should be. After all, the Christian apologists were writing to Greeks and Romans, not to Jews. Hence it is to be expected that they allowed themselves to be more impressed by Xenophanes and Heraclitus than by the second Isaiah or the Jewish-Hellenistic Pseudepigrapha. Considering the setting, we get exactly what we should expect.
“The Business of the Earth” Edward Thomas and Ecocentrism
Authors: Longley Edna
Published: November 2023

Modernism and Marxism fetishize the city, but in different ways. The one neglects “nature poetry” as having refused a cognitive and aesthetic revolution; the other criticizes “pastoral” as repressing the exploitation not only of urban workers in the present but of rural workers in the past. For example, the unreal city of American poetic modernism-cosmopolitan London or Paris refracted through “the simultaneity of the ambient”-does not meet the political demands that Raymond Williams (in The Country and the City) sees cities as making on the literary imagination. To Williams, T. S. Eliot’s urban impressions appear “as relentless and as conventional as pastoral... neo-urban imagery, of the same literary kind as the isolated neo-pastoral ... [mediating] a general despair in the isolated observer!’ Ultimately he diagnoses a continuing, and perhaps necessary, conflict between modernist urban myth making (best represented by the related but disconnected consciousness streams of Ulysses) and the collectivist “social ideas and movements” also produced by the modern city. This dialectical model, with its 1930s aura, still excludes most twentieth-century rural writing in the British Isles. Although Williams finds among the texts of that tradition occasional resistance to an “elegiac, neo-pastoral mode;’ nonetheless “[t]he underlying pattern is ... clear. A critique of a whole dimension of modern life, and with it many necessary general questions, was expressed but also reduced to a convention, which took the form of a detailed version of a part-imagined, part-observed rural England ... [a] strange formation in which observation, myth, record and half history are ... deeply entwined.’2
The Āśrama System
Authors: Olivelle Patrick
Published: November 2023

The lesser known and explored of the two pillars of Hinduism-- =a’srama and var.na-- =a’srama is the name given to a system of four distinct and legitimate ways of leading a religious life: as a celibate student, a married householder, a forest hermit, and a world renouncer. In this, the first full-length study of the =a’srama system, Olivelle uncovers its origin and traces its subsequent history. He examines in depth its relationship to other institutional and doctrinal aspects of the Brahmanical world and its position within Brahmanical theology, and assesses its significance within the history of Indian religion. Throug hout, he argues that the = a’srama system is primarily a theological construct and that the system and its history should be carefully distinguished from the socio-religious institutions comprehended by the system and from their respective histories.
Architecture for A New World
Authors: Kostof Spiro , Castillo Greg , Tobias Richard
Published: November 2023

The history of modern architecture has come to mean two rather different things . If we take "modern" to cover a period of time stretching down to our present day, the history of modern architecture is an account of the major events, ideas, and people ·that shaped the built environment during this period. But "modern" has also been made to stand for something more specific-an attitude toward the built environment, a contemporary style of design thought to be unique and proper to our age. As such, it developed its own exclusive history. We speak of the Modern Movement in reference to a formalist, functional, and moral streak in the architecture of the last one hundred years, and we reach back as far as the eighteenth century to pluck instances and names that foreshadow it. For this version of the history of modern architecture, much that has happened since 1800 is irrelevant, reactionary, or perverse.
Good News
Authors: Christians Clifford G , Ferre John P , Fackler P Mark
Published: November 2023

Mass media ethics and the classical liberal ideal of the autonomous individual are historically linked and professionally dominant--yet the authors of this work feel this is intrisically flawed. They show how recent research in philosophy and social science--together with a longer tradition in theological inquiry--insist that community, mutuality, and relationship are fundamental to a full concept of personhood. The authors argue that “persons-in-community” provides a more defensible grounding for journalists’ professional moral decison-making in crucial areas such as truthtelling, privacy, organizational culture, and balanced coverage. With numerous examples drawn from life as well as from theory, this book will interest journalists, editors, and professionals in media management as well as students and scholars of media ethics, reporting, and media law.
Civic Transformation
Authors: Christians Clifford G , Ferre John P , Fackler P Mark
Published: November 2023

The little-known history of the black antebellum press is now coming to light with the publication of manuscripts, correspondence, and speeches from those editors and fugitives who make up the opposite side of the “great editors” story. Samuel Ringgold Ward, the second son of slave parents who escaped the South in 1820, founded the True American in 1847, and two years later, the Impartial Citizen in Syracuse, New York. He was a Congregationalist minister and popular speaker for the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society when he joined a plot in 1851 to rescue a fugitive slave from the custody of federal officers. That foiled attempt to obstruct formal justice led to his own flight to Canada, where he published the Provincial Freeman, and he later toured England raising funds for the abolitionist cause. In Canada in 1851, Ward urged readers of Henry Bibb’s Voice of the Fugitive to a “universal agitation, by the press and the tongue, in church and at the polls” to “rid our beloved adopted country of this infernal curse,” slavery.
Revelation, Redemption, and Response
Authors: Butin Philip Walker
Published: November 2023

How does John Calvin understand and depict the relationship of God with humanity? Until this study, the most influential readings of Calvin have tended to assume a dialectical divine-human opposition as fundamental to his thought. In this fresh consideration of Calvin’s Christian vision his consistent and pervasive appeal to the Trinity in understanding the divine-human relationship is delineated and imaginatively rendered. Tracing the trinitarian theme in its many dimensions throughout the reformer’s work, Philip Butin offers a revised look at the vital role of the Trinity in Calvin’s thought, in the process recovering Calvin as a significant historical source for contemporary trinitarian theological reflection.
Reclaiming Dietrich Bonhoeffer
Authors: Marsh Charles
Published: November 2023

Reclaiming Dietrich Bonhoeffer is certain to inspire a new consideration of Bonhoeffer’s place in contemporary theology. In this groundbreaking study, Charles Marsh offers a new way of reading the theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer—a Christian theologian who was executed for his role in the resistance against Hitler and the Nazis. Focusing on Bonhoeffer’s substantial philosophical interests, Marsh examines his work in the context of the German philosophical tradition, from Kant through Hegel to Heidegger. With an eye on the contemporary debate about the sources of the self, Marsh argues that Bonhoeffer’s description of human identity offers a compelling alternative to post-Kantian conceptions of selfhood. By evaluating Bonhoeffer’s writings against the background of modern German philosophy, Marsh shows that Bonhoeffer, while working within the boundaries of Barth’s theology, provides both a powerful critique and an innovative redescription of the tradition of transcendental subjectivity. Attentive to past scholarly endeavors as well as to recent conversations in critical theory, philosophical hermeneutics, and systematic theology, this fresh and original study of Bonhoeffer will undoubtedly provoke important discussion not only in the theological academy and the church, but also in the broader forums of intellectual life.
Introduction: Beyond Power Politics
Authors: Johnston Douglas
Published: November 2023

As the twentieth century draws to a close, one is struck by the degree to which the relative calm in the West during the four decades of the Cold War contrasts with the all but unprecedented brutality of the preceding 50 years. Clearly, the sobering constraints on geopolitical adventurism imposed by the advent of nuclear deterrence represented a major watershed in the relations of nations. Now a watershed of a different sort is emerging: the composition of conflict itself is changing.
Religion and International Affairs
Authors: Rubin Barry
Published: November 2023

United States foreign policy in recent decades has often misread the importance of religion as a factor in the national politics and international behavior of some countries and regions. This has sometimes led to incorrect analysis and erroneous policy responses that have proven quite costly. If previous experience is correctly evaluated, however, the United States should be able to avoid potential future disasters.
Religious Imagination and the Body
Authors: Cooey Paula M
Published: November 2023

In recent years feminist scholarship has increasingly focused on the importance of the body and its representations in virtually every social, cultural, and intellectual context. Many have argued that because women are more closely identified with their bodies, they have access to privileged and different kinds of knowledge than men. In this landmark new book, Paula Cooey offers a different perspective on the significance of the body in the context of religious life and practice. Building on the pathbreaking work of Elaine Scarry in The Body in Pain, Cooey looks at a wide range of evidence, from the Argentine prison narrative of Alicia Partnoy, to the novels of Toni Morrison and the paintings of Frida Kahlo. Drawing on current social theory and critique, cognitive psychology, contemporary fiction and art, and women’s accounts of religious experience, Cooey relates the reality of sentience to the social construction of reality. Beginning with an examination of the female body as a metaphor for alternative knowledge, she considers the significance of physical pain and pleasure to the religious imagination, and the relations between sentience, sensuality, and female subjectivity. Cooey succeeds in bringing forward a sophisticated new understanding of the religious importance of the body, at the same time laying the foundations of a feminist theory of religion.
“Have You Ever Prayed to Saint Jude?”: Reflections on Fieldwork in Catholic Chicago
Authors: Orsi Robert A
Published: November 2023

I am sitting toward the back of the church of Our Lady of Guadalupe in South Chicago, watching clusters of people arrive for the night’s novena service in honor of Saint Jude Thaddeus, patron saint of hopeless cases and lost causes, whose national shrine is housed there. The people coming into the warm glow of the church’s electric candles from the darkened, already chilly October streets are wearing windbreakers emblazoned with the names of local unions, fraternal organizations, sports teams, and police and fire auxiliaries over old sweaters. One young woman sports a white quilted sateen bomber jacket with the words “Club Flamingo” arching across her shoulders above the bird itself, silhouetted against a blazing hot-pink tropical sun.
Exploring The Domain Of Accident Law
Authors: Dewees Don , Duff David , Trebilcock Michael
Published: November 2023

In the mid 1980s, there was a crisis in the availability, affordability, and adequacy of liability insurance in the United States and Canada. Mass tort claims such as the asbestos, DES, and Agent Orange litigation generated widespread public attention, and the tort system came to assume a heightened prominence in American life. While some scholars debate whether or not any such crisis still exists, there has been an increasing political, judicial and academic questioning of the goals and future of the tort system. Exploring the Domain of Tort Law reviews the evidence on the efficacy of the tort system and its alternatives. By looking at empirical evidence in five major categories of accidents--automobile, medical malpractice, product-related accidents, environmental injuries, and workplace injuries--the authors evaluate the degree to which the tort system conforms to three normative goals: deterrence, corrective justice, and distributive justice. In each case, the authors review the deterrence and compensatory properties of the tort system, and then review parallel bodies of evidence on regulatory, penal, and compensatory alternatives. Most of the academic literature on the tort system has traditionally been doctrinal or, in recent years, highly theoretical. Very little of this literature provides an in-depth consideration of how the system works, and whether or not there are any feasible alternatives. Exploring the Domain of Tort Law contributes valuable new evidence to the tort law reform debate. It will be of interest to academic lawyers and economists, policy analysts, policy professionals in government and research organizations, and all those affected by tort law reform.
Breaking the abortion Deadlock
Authors: McDonagh Eileen L
Published: November 2023

This book attempts to reframe abortion rights by focusing not on a woman’s right to choose abortion, but rather on a woman’s right to consent to pregnancy. Drawing on legal, medical, and philosophical definitions of pregnancy, it disaggregates the consent to sexual intercourse from the consent to pregnancy and argues that men and women have equal right to bodily integrity, which is defined as the freedom from non consensual bodily intrusion. The work provides the grounds for a woman’s right to an abortion and state funding of abortions.
The De Malo of Thomas Aquinas
Authors:   Regan
Published: November 2023

The De Malo represents some of St. Thomas Aquinas’ most mature thinking on goodness, badness, and human agency. Together with the second part of the Summa Theologiae, it is one of his most sustained contributions to moral philosophy and theology. Aquinas examines the full range of questions associated with evil: its origin, its nature, its variety, its relation to good, and its compatibility with the existence of an omnipotent, benevolent God. This edition offers the Leonine Commission’s authoritative edition of the Latin text with a new, clear, and readable English translation by Richard Regan with an extensive introduction and notes by Brian Davies.
The Yahwist’s Landscape
Authors: Hiebert Theodore
Published: November 2023

Hiebert offers a comprehensive examination of the ideology of the biblical author J (the Yahwist), writer of the oldest narrative sections of Genesis, Exodus, and Numbers, and shows how it is relevant to contemporary efforts to frame a theology of ecology.
Love and Theft
Authors: Lott Eric
Published: November 2023

For over two centuries, America has celebrated the very black culture it attempts to control and repress, and nowhere is this phenomenon more apparent than in the strange practice of blackface performance. Born of extreme racial and class conflicts, the blackface minstrel show sometimes usefully intensified them. Based on the appropriation of black dialect, music, and dance, minstrelsy at once applauded and lampooned black culture, ironically contributing to a "blackening of America." Drawing on recent research in cultural studies and social history, Eric Lott examines the role of the blackface minstrel show in the political struggles of the years leading up to the Civil War. Reading minstrel music, lyrics, jokes, burlesque skits, and illustrations in tandem with working-class racial ideologies and the sex/gender system, Love and Theft argues that blackface minstrelsy both embodied and disrupted the racial tendencies of its largely white, male, working-class audiences. Underwritten by envy as well as repulsion, sympathetic identification as well as fear--a dialectic of "love and theft"--the minstrel show continually transgressed the color line even as it enabled the formation of a self-consciously white working class. Lott exposes minstrelsy as a signifier for multiple breaches: the rift between high and low cultures, the commodification of the dispossessed by the empowered, the attraction mixed with guilt of whites caught in the act of cultural thievery.
Introduction: Black Textuality and Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism
Authors: Tate Claudia
Published: November 2023

Perhaps the ideal approach to the work of literature would be one allowing for insight into the deepest psychological motives of the writer at the same time that it examined all external sociological factors operating within a given milieu. For while objectively a social reality, the work of art is, in its genesis, a projection of a deeply personal process, and any approach that ignores the personal at the e pense of the social is necessarily incomplete.
The Gifting God
Authors: Webb Stephen H
Published: November 2023

Theories of generosity, or gift giving, are becoming increasingly important in recent work in philosophy and religion. Stephen Webb seeks to build on this renewed interest by surveying a distinctively modern and postmodern approach to the issue of generosity, and then developing a theological framework for it. He contends that in many ways society has become suspicious of charity and generosity. This cynicism has led to quick and easy judgments, that, in turn, have led to a new orthodoxy with its own troubling consequences. Webb believes that we need to recover the generosity that our culture obscures behind this monologue on self-interest, and that theology, as a form of critical thought, can play a helpful role. Throughout the book, Webb argues for a theory of giving that is other-oriented without being self-negating. He maintains that the generosity of God’s grace, properly understood, can reorient our own idea of the gift and must be correlated to our own practices of exchange and reciprocity.
The Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way
Authors: Garfield Jay L
Published: November 2023

Over the past twenty-five years, Thomas Nagel has played a major role in the philosophico-biological debate on subjectivity and consciousness. This extensive collection of published essays and reviews offers Nagel's opinionated views on the philosophy of mind, epistemology, and political philosophy, as well as on fellow philosophers like Freud, Wittgenstein, Rawls, Dennet, Chomsky, Searle, Nozick, Dworkin, and MacIntyre.
Examination of Self and Entities
Authors: Garfield Jay L
Published: November 2023

If the self were the aggregates, It would have arising and ceasing (as properties). If it were different from the aggregates, It would not have the characteristics of the aggregates. If there were no self, Where would the self’s (properties) be? From the pacification of the self and what belongs to it, One abstains from grasping onto “I” and “mine.” One who does not grasp onto “I” and “mine,” That one does not exist. One who does not grasp onto “I” and “mine,” He does not perceive.
The Churches and Germany’s “Peaceful Revolution” of 1989-90
Authors: Everett William Johnson
Published: November 2023

In 1989 the citizens of the German Democratic Republic overthrew the Communist regime in a “peaceful revolution.” The churches, especially the churches of the Federation of Evangelical Churches,played a leading role in this remarkable “turning point” (Wende), as it was popularly called. Although the effort by reformers to build up a new democratic re public in the GDR was buried in the unification with the Federal Republic in the West, the experiences, questions, and perspectives at work in this process remain crucial for our understanding of the dynamics that can emerge in the involvement of religious organizations in the struggles for new publics and new constitutions.
Taking Heaven by Storm
Authors: Wigger John H
Published: November 2023

Following the Revolutionary War, American Methodism grew at an astonishing rate, rising from fewer than 1000 members in 1770 to over 250,000 by 1820. In Taking Heaven by Storm, John H. Wigger seeks to explain this remarkable expansion, offering a provocative reassessment of the role of popular religion in American life. Early Methodism was neither bland nor predictable; rather, it was a volatile and innovative movement, both driven and constrained by the hopes and fears of the ordinary Americans who constituted its core. Methodism’s style, tone, and agenda worked their way deep into the fabric of American life, Wigger argues, influencing all other mass religious movements that would follow, as well as many facets of American life not directly connected to the church. Wigger examines American Methodism from a variety of angles, focusing in turn on the circuit riders who relentlessly pushed the Methodist movement forward, the critical role of women and African Americans within the movement, the enthusiastic nature of Methodist worship, and the unique community structure of early American Methodism. Under Methodism’s influence, American evangelism became far more enthusiastic, egalitarian, entrepreneurial, and lay oriented--characteristics that continue to shape and define popular religion today.
The Soul of Development
Authors: Sherman Amy L
Published: November 2023

Ever since Max Weber started an argument about the role of Protestantism in jump-starting northern Europe's economic development, scholars have clashed over the influence of religion and culture on a society's (or an individual's) economic prospects. Today, many wonder whether the "explosion" of Protestantism in Latin America will effect a similar wave of growth and democratization. In this book, Sherman compiles the results of her field study and national survey of 1000 rural Guatemalan households. She offers persuasive evidence that, in Guatemala and throughout the region, religious world-views significantly influence economic life. Sherman explains how the change in attitude and behaviour that accompanies conversion from animism to a Biblically orthodox world-view has improved the domestic welfare and economic status of many families. Further, she asserts that this new attitude, sympathetic to democratic-capitalism, has created a "moral cultural soil" in which freedom, personal empowerment, an enhanced status for women, and a desire to get ahead can be nurtured.
Sparks Amidst the Ashes
Authors: Sherwin Byron L
Published: November 2023

For hundreds of years, Poland served as the epicenter of Jewish life. As a result of the Holocaust, though, Poland has become a “Jewish Atlantis”. Yet the majority of Jews in the world today have their genealogical roots in the historical lands of Poland. In this book, Sherwin demonstrates how the unprecedented works of intellect and spirit produced during the Jewish “Golden Age” in Poland can provide contemporary Jews with the spiritual and intellectual resources required to ensure Jewish continuity in the present and future. Sherwin introduces us to the vast range of mystical speculation, evocative stories, Talmudic dialectics, theological ideas, and social realities that were muted by the destruction of Polish Jewry during the Holocaust. Sherwin critiques the tendency among contemporary Jews to disregard the precious legacy bequeathed by Polish Jewry, and presents a plan for re-creating Jewish life after the Holocaust that draws from the wisdom of the spiritual magnates and from the communal experience that characterized Jewish life in Poland. Sherwin concludes with a controversial proposal for the future of Polish-Jewish relations.
What Goo Has Joined Together
Authors: Vasoli Robert H
Published: November 2023

The recent controversy over Joe Kennedy’s annulment gave only a glimpse of American Catholicism’s open secret: that contrary to official Catholic doctrine, American churches grant annulments wholesale, freely declaring marriages nonexistent so that one or both partners can remarry in the church. The United States is home to only 6% of the world’s Catholics, Robert Vasoli points out, but it now accounts for 75% of all Church annulments, two-thirds of which are granted on ostensibly psychological grounds. The real scandal, though, is not simply the numbers, but that Church marriage courts annul thousands of marriages that are actually valid according to Catholic teaching. Drawing on considerable research, the author details precisely how these courts let divorced Catholics--and many non-Catholics as well--bypass Catholic teaching and law. He shows, for instance, how they often help petitioners manufacture grounds for annulment, which are justified with specious psychological reasoning that are counter to the letter and spirit of canon law. Indeed, it may even be alleged that "lack of emotional maturity" at the time of the wedding can invalidate marriages that have lasted 30 years. The result has been a tidal wave: in 1968, the American church granted fewer than 600 annulments; today it hands out more than 60,000 a year. But Rome has not smiled on the performance of U.S. tribunals: of those psychological annulments appealed to the Roman Rota (the Vatican’s highest marriage tribunal), more than 90% are overturned. This revealing look at annulment weaves painstaking analysis with a wealth of evidence as it illuminates the degree to which the U.S. Church has gone its own way since Vatican II on what constitutes valid marriage.
The Adventures of Eovaai Princess of Ijaveo (1736)
Authors: Haywood Eliza
Published: November 2023

The Kingdom of Ijaveo was once among the Number of the most rich and powerful of any that compose the sublunary Globe; almost impregnable by its Situation, and more so by the Bravery and Industry of the People.2 The Earth Produced all kinds of Fruits and Flowers: the Rivers abounded with the most delicious Fish: the Air afforded a vast Variety of the feather’d Race, no less beautiful to the Eye, than exquisite to the Taste; and to crown all, the Climate was so perfectly wholesome, that the Inhabitants lived to an extreme old Age, without being afflicted with any Pain or Disease.
The Dhammapada
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda
Published: November 2023

The Dhammapada, the Pali version of one of the most popular texts of the Buddhist canon, also ranks among the classics of the world's religious literature. This critical edition presents to the English reader for the first time the Dhammapada as it has been known throughout the centuries. With this volume, Carter and Palihawadana make a major contribution to the understanding of the Dhammapada, not only by presenting a new and accurate translation of the verses, but also by enabling readers to see the wake of this remarkable text through centuries of Buddhist tradition. In addition to the original Pali, the editors provide a translation of the commentary on the verses and the subsequent brief explanations of verse and commentarial passages provided by Sinhala sources.
The Mind
Authors: Carter John Ross , Palihawadana Mahinda
Published: November 2023

A fletcher brings a stick from the forest, strips it of bark, smears it with rice gruel, heats it in a vessel of charcoals, presses it on a wooden spike, and makes it unbent and straight and “fit to shoot a hair with.” Having done so, [the fletcher) displays his skill before kings and ministers, and wins great favor and honor. In exactly the same way, a wise, sagacious, intelligent person [treats] the mind that has the nature of quivering, and so forth. He makes it “free of bark” -that is, free of coarse defilements by means of the dhutanga practice of forest-living, “wets” it with the “oil” of faith, 6 “heats” it with physical and mental enterprise, “presses” it on the spike of tranquility and insight-meditations, and: Unwarped, steady.
The Church History Of Rufinus Of Aquileia Books 10 And 11
Authors: Amidon Philip R
Published: November 2023

Amidon offers the first English translation of Books 10 and 11 of Rufinus’ Church History. Books 1-9 comprise a Latin translation of Eusebius’ history. Books 10 and 11 are Rufinus’ own continuation, covering the period 325-395. As the first Latin church history, this work exerted great influence over the subsequent scholarship of the Western Church.
Ritual and Society
Authors: Bell Catherine
Published: November 2023

The early work of Tylor and Robertson Smith, among others, while engaged in answering questions concerning the origin of religion, also bore the seeds of new questions. As formulated by those scholars who followed them, these questions were concerned less with the historical or psychological origins of ritual than with its role and purpose in society—in other words, ritual’s social function. The theories grouped in this section are representative of this “functionalist” approach: they are all concerned with what ritual accomplishes as a social phenomenon, specifically, how it affects the organization and workings of the social group. This newly formulated issue did not lead theorists to ignore the insights and contributions of earlier scholars, or even to abandon the search for the most primitive forms of religion, but it did enable them to challenge the limits inherent in those earlier theories.
Ritual Density
Authors: Bell Catherine
Published: November 2023

The issue of ritual density—namely, why some societies or historical periods have more ritual than others—is rarely addressed directly. Usually some account of ritual density is the by-product of theories of the evolution of religion or the classification of types of religious cosmologies or institutions. For example, William Robertson Smith’s early theory of ritual and religion, presented in chapter 2, contained an implicit explanation for why ancient Arabic tribal communities had more ritual, with a more compelling public nature, than the Free Church of Scotland did in his own day. More recently, Mary Douglas has explicitly addressed the issue by means of ahistorical sociological comparisons. Although this chapter can only review a handful of useful approaches, the issues they raise are arguably among the most interesting in the study of religion today. These approaches include formulations of the principles behind the systematic organization of rites, typological schemes (that is, sets of categories for different types of rituals), and contrasts between orthodoxy and orthopraxy, traditional and secular, oral and literate, and church and sect.
The Gospel Working Up
Authors: Schweiger Beth Barton
Published: November 2023

The Gospel Working Up offers a history of three generations of Baptist and Methodist clergymen in nineteenth-century Virginia, and through them of the congregations and communities in which they lived and worked. Schweiger examines the religious experience both before and after the Civil War, showing how Southern Protestantism became an instrument of spiritual, moral, material, and cultural progress.
Cause Lawyering and the Reproduction of Professional Authority : An Introduction
Authors: Sarat Austin , Scheingold Stuart
Published: November 2023

Legal professions everywhere both need and at the same time are threatened by cause lawyering. They need lawyers who commit themselves and their legal skills to furthering a vision of the good society because this “moral activism” puts a humane face on lawyering and provides an appealing alternative to the value neutral, “hired-gun” imagery that often dogs the legal profession. Yet cause lawyering is everywhere a deviant strain within the legal profession. What distinguishes the morally activist lawyer is that she “shares and aims to share with her client responsibility for the ends she is promoting in her representation.” In so doing she elevates the moral posture of the legal profession beyond a crude instrumentalism in which lawyers sell their services without regard to the ends to which those services are put. Cause lawyers thus reconnect law and morality and make tangible the idea that lawyering is a “public profession,” one whose contribution to society goes beyond the aggregation, assembling, and deployment of technical skills. In this way lawyers committed to using their professional work as a vehicle to build the good society help legitimate the legal profession as a whole.