bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Psoriasis, and Inflammation: A Ménage à Trois?
Authors: Savastano S. , Balato N. , Gaudiello F. , Di Somma C. , Brancato V. , Colao A. , Ayala F. , Tarantino G.
Published: January 2017

Psoriatic patients have an accumulation of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), likely mediated by systemic inflammation, and exhibiting low circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, a marker of MS and CVD in the general population. The aim of this study is to determine the association of IGF-I and inflammation, and to assess the cardio-metabolic risk calculating the visceral adiposity index (VAI), in a group of psoriatic patients without MS. IGF-I, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were determined in 20 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis (age range 23–77 yrs) without MS, according to criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Panel III (ATP III), and 20 age- and BMI-matched controls. The standard deviation score (SDS) of IGF-I levels according to age (zSDS), the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the whole-body insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and VAI were also calculated. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) mean value was 17.8±11. HDL cholesterol and IGF-I zSDS values were lower (p<0.001) and waist circumference (p<0.001), VAI, fibrinogen, and IL-6 (p<0.005) were higher compared with controls, while HOMA-IR and ISI were not statistically different. Lower IGF-I zSDS values were associated to higher values of BMI (p=0.04), waist circumference, VAI (p<0.001), PASI (p=0.011), or IL-6 (p<0.001). At the multivariate analysis PASI was the major determinant of IGF-I zSDS (p=0.016), accounting for 37% of its variability. In a subset of psoriatic patients without MS, chronic inflammation might be an important modulator of low IGF-I status, as a further possible mechanistic link between psoriasis and associated metabolic co-morbidities. The negative correlation between age-related IGF-I values and VAI suggest the involvement of adipocyte dysfunction in low IGF-I status more than MS per se. Further studies are needed to address whether these results are valid also for other psoriatic patients.
The Blood Urokinase System in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis and Concomitant Seasonal Asthma during Pollen Season
Authors: Kasperska-Zajac A. , Czecior E. , Grzanka A. , Machura E. , Misiolek M.
Published: January 2017

It is well known that the fibrinolytic system actively participates in inflammatory processes. To investigate the role of the urokinase system in atopic allergy, we assessed circulating levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptor (suPAR) in patients with pollen allergy suffering from allergic rhinitis and asthma during a period of natural pollens exposure. Plasma concentrations of uPA and suPAR were measured in 19 patients sensitized to grass and rye pollens (12 men and 7 women, 18 to 30 years old) who had seasonal allergic rhinitis and concomitant seasonal asthma symptoms, and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, using THE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. There were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of uPA and suPAR between patients and the control subjects. Seasonal allergic airway inflammation is not associated with enhanced release of uPA and suPAR into the systemic circulation.
The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the South of Jordan
Authors: Dahamsheh Z. , Bellomo R.G. , Saggini R. , Barassi G. , Saggini A.
Published: January 2017

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in the south of Jordan. The study was carried out between January, 2005 and December, 2008; 2,220 adults aged between 16 and 75 years were evaluated for the presence of rheumatoid arthritis disease according to the American Rheumatism Association 1987 criteria. The results showed that the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis was 0.36% in the general population; the prevalence in males was 0.34% and in females it was 0.39%. In conclusion, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis is extremely low in the south of Jordan with a slight female predominance. American Rheumatism Association criteria continued to be the most useful criteria for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
A Rare Case of Sarcoidosis and Morphea
Authors: Carlesimo M. , Narcisi A. , Orsini D. , Cortesi G. , Abruzzese C. , Giovagnoli S. , Giubettini M. , Camplone G.
Published: January 2017

In the last decades several cases of association between sarcoidosis and various autoimmune diseases have been described, leading us to stress the concept of a possible common genetic “soil” of predisposition. The majority of these cases were association between sarcoidosis and generalized scleroderma, but only one case of localized scleroderma and sarcoidosis. In this report, we describe a case of a female patient in which a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis and morphea was made.
Use of Topical or Systemic Steroids in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Esposito S. , Bianchini S. , Baggi E. , Castellazzi L. , Fumagalli M. , Principi N.
Published: January 2017

Steroids have long been used to improve a number of clinical conditions because of their role in reducing inflammatory responses, but their use has always been limited because of their possible long-term side effects. The aim of this review is to establish whether steroids can have a positive effect on the outcome of some pediatric upper respiratory tract infections. We used PubMed to select all of the studies on topical or systemic steroids, and their therapeutic use in children with rhinosinusitis (RS), acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), acute pharyngitis (AP), or periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA), published over the last 15 years. Although a generally significant improvement in signs and symptoms has been observed with the use of intranasal steroids in children with RS, it is not clear which molecule should be recommended, how long treatment should be continued, or whether the benefits are limited to allergic children. No high-quality studies on the use of topical or systemic steroids in AOM have been carried out, and the results of studies of OME are controversial. The potential positive effects of steroids in children with AP are too slight to justify their use, and their possible adverse effects (particularly in the case of repeated administration) have not been clearly evaluated. Oral corticosteroids seem to be effective in resolving the symptoms of PFAPA, although they do not prevent future fever cycles. These findings show that further randomised and controlled studies are required in order to approach upper respiratory tract infections correctly and avoid the risks associated with frequent steroid use.
Rantes Gene Polymorphisms are Not Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wen D. , Du X. , Dong J-Z. , Ma C-S.
Published: January 2017

A few recent studies have suggested that regulated on activation, normal T-cell-expressed and secreted (RANTES) polymorphisms (−403 G/A, −28C/G) are not associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, there still exist studies confirming this correlation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship of RANTES and SLE using a meta-analysis. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were systemically searched. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Six studies were considered, including a total of 838 cases and 906 controls of −403 G/A, as well as 305 cases and 303 controls of −28C/G in this meta-analysis. The overall ORs and 95% CIs of −403A were 0.79, 0.64–0.97 (P=0.07); and 1.09, 0.64–1.87 (P=0.287) in dominant and recessive models, respectively. The overall ORs and 95% CIs of −28G were 0.64, 0.44–0.94 (P=0.379), and 0.63, 0.21–1.86 (P=0.580) in dominant and recessive models, respectively. No publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed that RANTES-403 G/A and −28C/G were not associated with SLE.
Involvement of Peripheral Beta-Endorphin and MU, Delta, Kappa Opioid Receptors in Electro Acupuncture Analgesia for Prolonged Inflammatory Pain of Rats
Authors: Fang J.Q. , Jiang Y.L. , Qiu S.C. , He X.F. , Huang L. , Shen Y.F. , Yin X.H.
Published: January 2017

Acupuncture is commonly used to relieve chronic pain worldwide. Accumulating evidence shows that peripheral opioid system plays an important role in inhibiting inflammatory pain. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of peripheral opioid system in electroacupuncture (EA) analgesia for prolonged inflammatory pain. Inflammatory pain was induced by an intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right hind paw. EA (2/100 Hz, 2 mA) was applied to the ipsilateral Zusanli (ST36) and Kunlun (BL 60) acupoints for 30 min once everyday. Block studies on EA analgesia were performed on day 18 after CFA injection by using α-helical corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), a CRF antagonist, and naloxone methiodide, a peripherally restricted opioid receptor antagonist. Paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to a noxious thermal stimulus was measured as the pain behavioral change. Radioimmunoassay for beta-endorphin (beta-END), Met-enkephalin (Met-ENK), and dynorphin A (DYN A) in paw inflammatory tissue and immunohistochemistry study for mu, delta, kappa opioid receptors in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were carried out. A subsequent validation experiment by locally delivered exogenous beta-END was also performed. We found that EA significantly increased the PWL of rats injected with CFA from day 4 to day 18. Locally administered α-helical CRF or naloxone blocked EA-produced analgesia. EA increased beta-END level in the paw inflammatory tissues, while CFA raised the local levels of Met-ENK and DYN A. The increased beta-END level by EA was fully reversed by α-helical CRF. Intraplantar injection of exogenous beta-END alleviated prolonged inflammatory pain. EA also up-regulated the expressions of mu, delta, kappa opioid receptors in rat L5 DRG. In conclusion, peripheral local beta-END and three subtypes of opioid receptors may be involved in EA analgesia for prolonged inflammatory pain.
High Avidity Anti-β2-Glycoprotein i Antibodies Activate Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells and Trigger Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Migration
Authors: Artenjak A. , Koželj M. , Lakota K. , Čučnik S. , Božič B. , Sodin-Semrl S.
Published: January 2017

Anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) represent a potential pathogenic candidate for coronary artery diseases. High avidity aβ2GPI (HAv aβ2GPI) are known to be associated with thrombotic and obstetric manifestations in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, who are also susceptible to the development of premature atherosclerosis. However, there is little information about how human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) are affected by HAv aβ2GPI. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the pathophysiological effects of HAv aβ2GPI on HCAEC and determine their influence on cytokine expression and migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Following the two hit hypothesis, we co-stimulated HAv aβ2GPI-treated HCAEC in the presence and absence of the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA). HAv aβ2GPI induced in vitro HCAEC dysfunction, through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, promoted the expression of chemokines (MCP-1, GROα and IL-8) and IL-6, which led to the attraction and migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These effects were potentiated and intensified in conditions with SAA, indicating that HAv aβ2GPI, in the presence of physiological concentrations of acute-phase proteins represent pathogenic autoantibodies, which could lead to the development of premature atherosclerosis and/or thrombosis development.
Inflammatory Signature after Low Dose γ-Radiation in Mice Brain and Gut: Switch from Therapeutic Benefit to Inflammation
Authors: Aravindan S. , Natarajan M. , Veeraraghavan J. , Herman T.S. , Aravindan N.
Published: January 2017

Low dose y-radiation (LDIR) has been used as curative/adjuvant/palliative treatment modality for a variety of medical conditions. However, LDIR has been casually linked to NFκB activation and inflammation. Here, we investigated the kinetics of cyto/chemokines and their influence on inflammation in normal tissues after LDIR. C57BL/6 mice exposed to LDIR (2–50cGy) and sacrificed after 1 h-8 days were examined for alterations in 95 cyto/chemokines in brain and gut (QPCR profiling) and selectively validated by assessing secreted levels (ELISA). Kinetics of LDIR-induced inflammation was assessed using DNA fragmentation and histomorphological changes in brain and gut. LDIR induced a dose-dependent upregulation of cyto/chemokines after 2–50cGy in both brain and gut. Two genes, Csf3 and Tnfa, were upregulated in a ‘dose- and tissue-independent’ manner. Transcriptional kinetics revealed induction of more genes both in brain and gut in early response time (1–48 h) after LDIR. Conversely, only few genes upregulated and more genes downregulated in these tissues after extended response (4–8 days) period. DNA fragmentation and histomorphological analysis revealed consistent dose-, time-and tissue-dependent inflammation after LDIR. Also, serum levels of TNF-α, VEGFA, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, MCP-1 reinstigates the inflammatory signature after LDIR. Together, these results suggest that LDIR significantly inflicts a dose- and tissue-dependent inflammation in normal tissues and this induced inflammation may equivocate over-time and, hence frequency of LDIR use may control the switch from therapeutic benefit to inflammatory response.
Mechanism and Effect of Esculetin in an Experimental Animal Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Witaicenis A. , Luchini A.C. , Hiruma-Lima C.A. , Felisbino S.L. , Justulin L.A. , Garrido-Mesa N. , Utrilla P. , Gálvez J. , Di Stasi L.C.
Published: January 2017

Esculetin is a coumarin derivative with high antioxidant activity. In a rat experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, esculetin at the dose of 5mg/Kg displayed intestinal anti-inflammatory activity; however, its mechanism of action needs to be elucidated. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of esculetin on the intestinal inflammatory process and to clarify the mechanism of action of this compound. We also compared its effects with prednisolone and sulphasalazine. Our results demonstrate that treatment with esculetin prevented an increase in malondialdehyde content, counteracted the depletion of glutathione content, reduced epithelial cell apoptosis, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-2 and IFN-γ, in vitro, and reduced the colonic levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in vivo. Additionally, esculetin treatment inhibited MPO and AP activities. These results demonstrated that esculetin produced a more effective intestinal anti-inflammatory effect than sulphasalazine because it was used at a 10-fold lower dose, and it produced effects similar to those created by prednisolone. We suggest that esculetin exerts its activity by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and increasing the defences against reactive oxygen species. This leads to less migration and/or activation of inflammatory cells, resulting in the improvement of lesions and functions in the intestinal epithelium. This study confirms the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of esculetin and demonstrates that this compound has both antioxidative and immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, esculetin may be an interesting new anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Adalimumab Modulates Angiogenesis in Psoriatic Skin
Authors: Campanati A. , Moroncini G. , Ganzetti G. , Pozniak K.N. , Goteri G. , Giuliano A. , Martina E. , Liberati G. , Ricotti F. , Gabrielli A. , Offidani A.
Published: January 2017

Angiogenesis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. New blood vessel formation occurs early during plaque lesion development in psoriatic skin, and sometimes precedes disease recurrence. TNF-α, a well established mediator of inflammation in psoriasis, up-regulates the transcription of several pro-angiogenic chemokines that are over-expressed in psoriatic skin and serum, promoting microvascular modifications in psoriatic plaque. Adalimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction between TNF-α and its cell surface receptor, thus inhibiting the TNF-α dependent inflammatory cascade. The aims of this study were to investigate several angiogenic parameters involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and to evaluate the ability of adalimumab to modulate them. Fifteen patients affected by psoriasis received Adalimumab 40 mg EOW for twelve weeks and were evaluated at baseline (T0) and after treatment (T12) for the following parameters: i) new blood vessels formation in lesional skin assessed by intra-vital video-capillaroscopy analysis (IVCP) and histology; ii) VEGF and Factor VIII expression in lesional skin detected by immunohistochemistry; iii) serological levels of several angiogenic chemokines detected by luminex assay. At baseline, newly formed capillaries in psoriatic plaque correlated with skin expression of VEGF and factor VIII and with serum levels of angiopoietin-2, IL-8, PDGF-BB, VEGF, but not with serum levels of follistatin, TNF-α, G-CSF, HGF, FGF, PECAM, IFN-γ, and TGF-α. All patients responded to adalimumab, reached PASI 50, and 70% achieved PASI 75 after twelve weeks of treatment. Although adalimumab administration for twelve weeks caused a dramatic decrease of new blood vessel formation, confirmed by IVCP (p<0.05), histology and immunohistochemical (p<0.05) analysis, we did not observe a parallel significant reduction of angiogenic chemokines in the serum. However, a positive correlation between the density of newly formed blood vessels in lesional skin and the serum levels of angiopoietin-2, IL-8, PDGF-BB, and VEGF, was still persisting after treatment.
Inflammatory Mediator Serotonin Receptor (5-HT3AR) Gene Encoding Analysis in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Ghasemi S. , Ahangari G. , Mortazavi H. , Mohamadian M.
Published: January 2017

Psoriasis is a hyperproliferative inflammatory disease that is considered to be involved with both gene and environmental factors, such as stress. Serotonin plays an important role related to stress, and thus, can be a candidate for relieving disease symptoms. We investigated the expression of the serotonin gene receptor of the 5-HT3AR subtype on mononuclear blood cells in psoriatic patients as compared to healthy individuals. We isolated Peripheral Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from blood samples followed by total cellular RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and real-time PCR using primer pairs specific for 5-HT3AR mRNA and beta-actin mRNA as an internal control. Finally RT-PCR products were sequenced. Results showed that the expression of 5-HT3AR was significantly reduced (P<0.001) in patients compared to the healthy individuals group. However, there were no related nucleotide changes in the sequencing analysis of gene coding region. Our results raise the possibility of using 5-HT3A receptor specific drugs in the treatment of psoriasis.
What is Erythema Annulare Centrifugum? A Familial Case
Authors: Carlesimo M. , Mari E. , Abruzzese C. , Cortesi G. , Del Giglio L. , Pozzilli C. , Bozzao C. , Chessa L.
Published: January 2017

We report a case of erythema annulare centrifugum present since birth in three generations in an Albanian family. The proband is a 45-year-old white Caucasian man; his mother (deceased), a 38-year-old sister and a 16-year-old niece presented with the same phenotype. To our knowledge this is the third case of familial annular erythema since its original description in 1966 by Beare et al. Autosomal dominant inheritance of the disorder is suggested.
Effect of Thermosetting Gel with Doxycycline Hyclate 3% on Postoperative Discomfort after Third Molar Surgery: A Prospective Study
Authors: Farronato G. , Lucchese A. , Gherlone E. , Bertossi D. , Nocini P.F. , Rovati M. , Picozzi V.
Published: January 2017

The study evaluated the effect of intra-alveolar administration of a thermosetting gel containing doxycyclyne hylcate 3% on patient discomfort after third molar surgery. Eighty-five consecutive patients requiring surgical removal of a single maxillary or mandibular impacted third molar were randomly selected and divided into 2 groups. After the onset of local anaesthesia, the experimental groups received 2 different antibiotic protocols: rifampicin for the first group and a thermosetting gel containing doxycyclyne hylcate 3% for the second group. Standardized surgical protocols were followed. The patients' perception of the severity of symptoms (pain, swelling, reddening, bleeding and body temperature) was assessed with a follow-up questionnaire (PoSSe scale). On the second postoperative day, pain, reddening and bleeding showed a statistically significant reduction in Group 2 compared with Group 1. There was no difference between the two groups when postoperative swelling was evaluated on the second day. From the third day, conversely, swelling decreased faster in Group 2 than in Group 1. Our data demonstrate that the use of the thermosetting gel containing doxycyclyne hylcate 3%, given as an intra-alveolar injection at the end of surgery, is effective in the prevention of postoperative symptoms after third molar extraction.
Osteoradionecrosis of a Mandible: A Case Report of Implant-Supported Rehabilitation
Authors: Brauner E. , Valentini V. , Guarino G. , Cassoni A. , Jamshir S. , Minasi R. , Fadda M.T. , Pagnoni M. , Pompa G.
Published: January 2017

The head and neck are the sixth most common sites of cancer in the world; the survival rate at 5 years from diagnosis is 60%. Surviving patients, after the critical phase of the disease, require proper rehabilitation. The treatment of oral neoplasia, such as surgery and radiotherapy, may often determine significant disability, such as impaired speech, swallowing, mastication and facial deformity, with severe consequences on the quality of life of these patients. Dental implant-based prosthodontic rehabilitation is a consolidated technique for improving the quality of life in patients who have overcome oral cancer. Implants provide stability and support for removable prostheses in oral cavities seriously deformed by surgical treatment. Moreover, mobile prostheses have the advantage of being removable, to check the health of oral tissues and intercept possible relapses of the neoplasia. On the other hand, a lack of residual bone following resection makes it difficult to place implants in an ideal position, and patients who have been submitted to radiotherapy of the head and neck are reported to have a reduced success rate. This paper presents the case of a 67-year-old woman rehabilitated with dental implant-based prosthesis after a hemimandibulectomy due to osteoradionecrosis, without bone reconstruction.
Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide reduces inflammation an a Th1-mediated model of colitis
Authors: Impellizzeri D , Campolo M , Di Paola R , Bruschetta G , de Stefano D , Esposito E , Cuzzocrea S
Published: January 2017

Inflammatory bowel diseases are idiopathic relapsing disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEAultra), underlining its correlation with PPARα and TLR4; in particular, we aimed at evaluating its anti-inflammatory effect in mice subjected to experimental colitis. Colitis was induced in mice by intracolonic instillation of dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS), PEAultra was administered daily intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg) for 4 days. On day 4, animals were sacrificed and tissues were taken for histological and biochemical analysis. Four days after DNBS administration, TNF-α and IL-1β productions were increased in association with colon damage. Neutrophil infiltration, evaluated by MPO activity, in the mucosa was associated with upregulation of ICAM-1 and P-selectin. Immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine and PARP showed an intense staining in the inflamed colon. Treatment with PEAultra significantly reduced the appearance of colon damage and the loss of body weight. These effects were associated with a remarkable amelioration in the disruption of the colonic architecture and reduction in colonic MPO activity. PEAultra also reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokine release, the appearance of nitrotyrosine and PARP immunoreactivity as well as the upregulation of ICAM-1 and P-selectin; moreover, pro-MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions were significantly inhibited in the colon of DNBS-treated mice. Furthermore, we studied PEAultra correlation with PPARα and TLR4, demonstrating that PEAultra inhibited TLR4 pathway through a PPARα independent pathway. Taken together, our results clearly show that this new formulation of PEA may be considered as a possible therapeutic approach against Th1-induced colitis.
Efficacy, safety and tolerance of subcutaneous injection of high dosages of diclofenac in patients with neuropathic non-cancer pain and neuropathic cancer pain: Data from a clinical setting
Authors: Amato F , Morrone EG , Lacquaniti G
Published: January 2017

Diclofenac sodium is widely used for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in the symptomatic treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory and painful conditions. The present observational study was carried out to investigate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a new subcutaneous (SC) 75 mg/1 mL diclofenac hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) formulation for the treatment of neuropathic pain both in patients without cancer and in patients with cancer. A total of 105 outpatients and inpatients with moderate to severe neuropathic pain related to cancer (CP) and non-cancer (NCP), were selected if Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) ⩾7 and Pain Detect (PD) >16, and treated with 75 mg/1 mL SC HPβCD, according to a real clinical setting. The analgesic efficacy of the treatment, which was assessed during the study by questionnaire, was expressed in terms of reduction of 30–50% and >50% of baseline pain (NRS), after 1.5 h and 4 h from drug administration; tolerability and safety were assessed as well, and adverse events were recorded by an expert panel. In our study, a significant reduction in pain intensity (PI) after 1.5 h and after 4 h was observed for both groups of patients (CP and NCP). Different from what was detected in the CP group, a further and significant reduction of PI was obtained in the NCP group at 4 h ( P <0.039). With regard to tolerability, while 90% of the patients did not complain of any adverse drug reactions, only 10% reported mild transient adverse reactions. SC administration of HPβCD has been proven effective and safe in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe neuropathic pain related to cancer or not, in a real clinical setting.
Troubling Anomalies and Exciting Conjectures: A Bipolar Model of Scientific Discovery
Authors: Bocanegra Bruno R.
Published: January 2017

A model is proposed to explain how emotional and cognitive processes drive epistemic activities within individual scientists. In this account, emotion–cognition interactions produce cyclical phases of accommodative and assimilative epistemic activities, called thought experiments and empirical experiments, respectively. During thought experiments, scientists ruminate over troubling anomalies in order to generate the theoretical ingredients necessary for constructing new conjectures. During empirical experiments, scientists explore exciting conjectures in order to cover the empirical ground necessary to discover new anomalies. Critically, epistemic activities are accompanied and sustained by positive and negative emotional moods. The main virtue of the model is its specification of a coupled feedback mechanism that explains the dynamics and the temporal dependencies between empirical and theoretical activities underlying scientific discovery.
The Power of Traditional Design Techniques: The Effects of Viewing a Japanese Garden on Individuals With Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Goto Seiko , Gianfagia Thomas J. , Munafo John P. , Fujii Eijiro , Shen Xuting , Sun Minkai , Shi Bertram Emil , Liu Congcong , Hamano Hiroshi , Herrup Karl
Published: January 2017

Purpose:

This study is to examine how viewing a Japanese garden affects Japanese patients with dementia.

Background:

In a previous study, authors explored the effect on individuals with Alzheimer’s disease of viewing an indoor Japanese garden at a nursing home in the United States and reported that viewing the garden significantly reduced the heart rate, evoked short-term and long-term memories, and improved behavioral symptoms. However, it was unclear whether these effects were caused by the design of Japanese garden or unfamiliarity of the design to Caucasians.

Methods:

We constructed a Japanese garden on the rooftop of a hospital in Japan and assessed with a total of 25 subjects on the following categories: (1) eye movement, (2) heart rate, and (3) behavior under four different conditions: (a) open view of the site before construction of the Japanese garden (the control space), (b) open view of the Japanese garden, (c) view of the Japanese garden through closed door, and (d) view of Japanese garden through closed door with the chrysanthemum scent.

Findings/Results:

Viewers’ eyes scanned larger area while viewing the Japanese garden, and viewing the Japanese garden significantly reduced heart rate and improved behavioral symptoms than the control space. We also found that the effect of viewing the same Japanese garden differed across three conditions: the view through an open door, a closed door, and a closed door with added scent.
She’s Not One of Us
Authors: Tidwell Natasha D. , Eastwick Paul W. , Kim Anita
Published: January 2017

The ability to differentiate in-group from out-group members on the basis of symbolic cues may be unique to Homo sapiens. The current research examined whether meaningful cues of in-group status moderate ovulatory shifts—a psychological adaptation that likely evolved earlier in humans’ evolutionary timeline. Four studies demonstrated that men were more attracted to fertile than nonfertile women’s voices only when men were evaluating in-group members. In Study 1, the fertility of Caucasian, but not Hispanic, women’s voices positively predicted 92 Caucasian male students’ attraction ratings. Study 2a ( N = 56) replicated this effect among older participants, and Study 2b ( N = 233) included a public preregistration and replicated it again. Study 3 replicated the effect in a sample of 47 Caucasian male students, and an experimental manipulation of the targets’ school membership produced a conceptual replication. These results stress the utility of considering the phylogeny of human evolution when testing evolutionary hypotheses.
Communicating Moral Motives
Authors: Kupfer Tom R. , Giner-Sorolla Roger
Published: January 2017

Disgust motivates pathogen avoidance, but it is unclear why it is also reported toward moral violations. Previous explanations have focused on identifying the type of violation specific to disgust. Here, we propose that people express disgust toward any type of moral violation in order to communicate particular motives. Unlike anger, which can be seen as self-interested, disgust communicates a more principled, moral motivation. Two experiments show that observers infer more moral motivation from an expression of disgust and more self-interested motivation from anger. Two further experiments testing participants’ own expression decisions demonstrate that disgust is chosen more to show moral concern and anger is chosen to protest harm to one’s self-interest. By shifting focus to the interpersonal effects of emotion expressions, these findings offer a new perspective for understanding the role of disgust in morality.
Understanding When Parental Praise Leads to Optimal Child Outcomes
Authors: Lee Hae In , Kim Young-Hoon , Kesebir Pelin , Han Da Eun
Published: January 2017

The current work examined conditions under which parental praise leads to higher academic achievement and better psychological health in schoolchildren. We tested the hypothesis that perceptions of accurate praise, both by parents and by children, are associated with outcomes optimal for children. Our results showed that parents’ perceptions of over- or underpraising (vs. accurately praising) their children’s schoolwork predicted poorer school performance and higher depression in children. From children’s perspectives, perceived under- and overpraise by parents predicted poorer school performance and higher depression. However, when children felt that their parents’ praise was slightly (but not majorly) overstated, this had at least as beneficial effects as when they felt the praise accurately reflected reality. For parents and educators, these results underline the importance of basing praise of children on actual performance and the need to pay careful attention to how praise is perceived by the child.
Brand Loyalty Intention among Members of a Virtual Brand Community: The Dual Role of Commitment
Authors: Raïes Karine , Gavard-Perret Marie-Laure
Published: January 2017

As the use of social media continues to grow, it is important to understand the effect of consumer participation in communities organized around brands on the relationship between the former and the brands concerned. This research examines, through a quantitative study of 1,605 members of a virtual community dedicated to the Nikon brand, the effect of intensity of participation on brand loyalty intention as well as the mediating effect of community commitment within this relationship. Moreover, the bidirectional relationship between community commitment and brand commitment are studied and confirmed. Finally, the moderating role of membership length is emphasized.
Influence of the Recommendations of Internet Users: The Role of Social Presence and Expertise
Authors: Ardelet Caroline , Brial Bérangère
Published: January 2017

The aim of this article is to compare the influencing power of Internet users' recommendations and institutional content on the Internet. We show that Internet users are more influential than institutional sources when they seem psychologically close. For online recommendations, social presence is a stronger lever of persuasion than expertise.
The Risk of Brand Equity Erosion in the Social Media: The Efficacy and Limitations of Legal Instruments
Authors: Manara Cédric , Roquilly Christophe
Published: January 2017

The growth of the social media offers companies new ways of understanding better how brand equity is created and of contributing to its development. But the social media may also lead to the erosion of brand equity if they convey negative opinions and comments on the part of consumers. The law provides a number of instruments - variously legislative (or regulatory), judicial and contractual - that can protect brand equity. However, although these instruments have been clearly identified by the academic literature and legal practitioners, their real effectiveness for preserving brand equity in the social media has yet to be observed and measured. On the basis of three empirical studies, namely analysis of contractual clauses (in this case pertaining to the Terms of Use of a sample of ten social media) and of paralegal and legal actions taken by companies owning trademarks, we show that recourse to these legal instruments must be undertaken with the greatest discernment so as to avoid the possible intensification of negative word-of-mouth regarding the brand and consequently further erosion of its brand equity. Our findings provide initial empirical evidence as to the limited effectiveness of legal methods for avoiding damage to brand equity in the social media, and suggest that criteria need to be established for determining how to choose between legal instruments and marketing instruments. We also argue that the use of these two kinds of instrument should be conceived within a logic of complementarity.
Monitoring Customer Relationship in E-Commerce: Which Drivers and Which Effects on Buying Behavior
Authors: N'Goala Gilles , Cases Anne-Sophie
Published: January 2017

Customer loyalty has become a major objective for e-tailers. Crossing attitudinal data with behavioral data from two e-tailers ( N = 1,796), this research (1) identifies and measures eight relational drivers (aesthetic design, choice, contact, privacy, customization, fulfillment, interactivity, community), (2) underlines their different impacts on the two facets of trust (e-tailers' perceived reliability and benevolence), and (3) demonstrates the total mediating role of relationship commitment between the relational drivers and actual customer patronage behavior.
Inter-organizational conflicts
Authors: Lumineau Fabrice , Eckerd Stephanie , Handley Sean
Published: January 2017

While inter-personal conflicts have attracted much attention from scholars and practitioners over the last two decades, our understanding of inter-organizational conflicts remains limited. This paper critically assesses current literature on inter-organizational conflicts. We first discuss the specific features of conflicts at the inter-organizational level. Second, we provide an overview of both qualitative and quantitative research conducted in the field. Third, we make suggestions for future research on inter-organizational conflicts. We specifically suggest opportunities to develop theoretical bridges with other streams of literature and to build multi-level models of conflict management. We then discuss important empirical issues associated with doing research on conflicts between organizations and provide recommendations to overcome these challenges.
Deciding who’s in charge
Authors: Malatesta Deanna , Smith Craig R
Published: January 2017

This research derives testable hypotheses from property rights theory regarding the allocation of decision authority in contracts. Government-based professional service contracts provide the context for study. Using content analysis we code 361 contracts to identify the main contributors of knowledge assets to the work product along with the relevant decision authority, which is reflected in provisions that stipulate who must accomplish the work and how it must be done. Results of various regression models show that the distribution of knowledge assets does influence the assignment of decision authority, specifically: (1) a higher fraction of decision rights is allocated to government when government is also identified as a source of expertise; (2) authority is less centralized when both parties contribute knowledge inputs; (3) bargaining power (lobbying) leads to a lower fraction of decision rights allocated to government.
The role of effective relationship management in successful large oil and gas projects
Authors: Handfield Robert B , Primo Marcos , Oliveira Marcos Paulo Valadares de
Published: January 2017

Project success has been a central topic in the project management literature. The high volatility attended with oil and gas upstream projects has enhanced the need for relational contracting approaches. Successful Large International Engineering and Construction Projects can deliver value to project parties (clients, sponsors, contractors, subcontractors, etc.) and other stakeholders (users, investors, communities affected by the project, etc.) in the project supply chain. Supply chain and procurement strategies play a significant role in project success, due to their impact on project value and on the way project risks are managed. In this study, we review insights gleaned from 13 oil and gas senior procurement executives, from which we derive a set of propositions and some preliminary results related to the success of these elements. In general, we find that relationship management plays a critical role in the outcomes associated with oil and gas project success. Procurement relationship management practices affect the way the needs of project stakeholders outside the contract (users, suppliers, communities affected by the project, etc.) are attended as well as the way project relationships are managed inside and outside project teams. As a result, those strategies are also related to important drivers of project success, such as relationship and stakeholder management.
Homeopathic Treatment for Postpartum Depression: A Case Report
Authors: Văcăraş Vitalie , Vithoulkas George , Buzoianu Anca Dana , Mărginean Ioan , Major Zoltan , Văcăraş Veronica , Dan Nicoară Romulus , Oberbaum Menachem
Published: January 2017

Postpartum psychosis has long-lasting consequences for mother and child. Beside depression, sleep and eating disturbances, exhaustion, social withdrawal, and anxiety, postpartum depression can also interfere with normal maternal-infant bonding and adversely affect child development. Recent reports show that most affected pregnant women are hesitant about taking antidepressant drugs, with a high percentage discontinuing their use. Some authors suggest that the reluctance of pregnant women to take antidepressant drugs should encourage clinicians to discuss with their patients the use of psychological interventions or alternative forms of treatment. In this article, a case of severe postpartum depression, treated successfully with homeopathic therapy, is presented. Considering the high noncompliance of women suffering from postpartum depression with conventional antidepressant medication, research in safe complementary medical methods is justified. One of these methods should be homeopathy.
A Mindfulness-Based Intervention Pilot Feasibility Study for Elementary School Students With Severe Learning Difficulties: Effects on Internalized and Externalized Symptoms From an Emotional Regulation Perspective
Authors: Malboeuf-Hurtubise Catherine , Lacourse Eric , Taylor Geneviève , Joussemet Mireille , Ben Amor Leila
Published: January 2017

Objective.

Students with severe learning disabilities often show signs of anxiety, depression, and problem behaviors such as inattention and conduct problems. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in school settings constitute a promising option to alleviate these co-occurring symptoms. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the impact of an MBI on symptoms and behaviors of elementary school students with severe learning disabilities.

Method.

A one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The sample comprised 14 students aged 9 to 12 years with special education needs. Both student-report and teacher-report of the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition were used.

Results.

Repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed a significant impact of the MBI on symptoms and behaviors such as anxiety, depression, inattention, aggression, and conduct problems. Effect sizes for all variables were considered large (partial η2 = .31-.61).

Conclusion.

These preliminary results indicate that MBIs can reduce the frequency of symptoms and problem behaviors often found in children with learning disabilities in elementary schools. Further multiple baseline experimental trials with a long-term follow-up are warranted to establish more robustly the effect of MBIs for children with learning disabilities.
Affect and Public Support for Military Action
Authors: Kim Dukhong
Published: January 2017

This study examines the effects of affect on public opinion on foreign policy. It extends the existing studies which show a significant role that affect, as measured by feelings toward a country, plays in shaping public opinion on military action. According to the existing theory, the mass public, which does not have high levels of political information and knowledge, can rely on affect to make reasonable decisions and opinions. This is possible because affect works as an information shortcut or heuristic that can help those individuals who lack cognitive capacity to engage in a systematic search for information and a decision-making process. The research finding confirms this theory. More importantly, this study extends the existing studies by elaborating the conditions under which affect works in accounting for individuals’ support for military intervention. The effect of affect is conditioned by the level of political knowledge, which shows that knowledgeable individuals are more adept at using affect as a heuristic tool.
Occupational Health Nursing in Canada
Authors: Verrall Brian
Published: January 2017

This article discusses the Canadian health care system and the current practice of occupational health nursing.
Negotiation without Confrontation
Authors: Wachs Peter
Published: January 2017

Negotiation does not have to be a test of wills. By adhering to a few simple principles, occupational health nurses can turn a potential contest into a productive cooperation.
Musculoskeletal Symptoms, Work Ability, and Disability among Nursing Personnel
Authors: Souza Ana Claudia , Alexandre Neusa M. C.
Published: January 2017

Nursing personnel are at risk for developing musculoskeletal symptoms, which can result in persistent pain and inability to work. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and their association with work role as well as to verify the relationship between pain intensity and disability among symptomatic individuals. Three hundred one nursing personnel, of whom 80.7% had musculoskeletal symptoms in at least one body part, participated in the study. The mean work ability score of symptomatic personnel was lower for physical demands. A significant difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic personnel was found for each demand measured by the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire, except social demand. Correlations were moderate but significant between pain intensity and disability. The results suggest that musculoskeletal symptoms interfere with work life.
Electronic Health Records in an Occupational Health Setting—Part II. Global Deployment
Authors: Bey Jean M. , de Magalhães Josiane S. , Bojórquez Lorena , Lin Karen
Published: January 2017

Electronic medical record systems are being used by more multi-national corporations. This article describes one corporation's considerations and process in successfully deploying a global electronic medical record system to international facilities in Brazil, Mexico, Singapore, and Taiwan. This article summarizes feedback from the experiences of occupational health nurse superusers in these countries.
Personnel Response during an Internal Emergency—Unexpected Release of an Irritant Gas in a Hospital
Authors: Oktay Cem , Sayrac Ali Vefa , Isik Soner , Sayrac Neslihan , Senay Engin , Kavasoglu Mehmet Emin
Published: January 2017

Internal emergencies can occur at any time and location in a hospital. Planning, training, and exercises can prepare personnel to respond effectively to internal emergency situations. All hospital staff should be trained to recognize an internal incident and activate the hospital emergency management system. Maintaining the health and safety of patients, employees, and visitors is paramount. Training and exercises also encourage staff to act with competence and confidence during an untoward incident to mitigate or avert possible catastrophe. This article describes an incident in which 12 hospital employees presented to the emergency department after exposure to a potent pulmonary irritant gas, chlorine, following an unfortunate accident. These cases are used to illustrate how planning, training, and exercises assisted health care personnel in responding to a potentially catastrophic internal emergency.
Review of Worksite Weight Management Programs
Authors: Ausburn Tanya F. , LaCoursiere Sheryl , Crouter Scott E. , McKay Tucker
Published: January 2017

This article explores worksite weight management programs by reviewing the literature and providing recommendations to address obesity, a major public health challenge. Ten full-text articles published between 2005 and 2013 were reviewed. The literature supports a combination of physical activity, education, and diet to either maintain weight or result in modest weight loss.