bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Sus scrofa semen quality in the western-central region of Colombia
Authors: Gómez L Germán , Mesa Henry , Sánches Osorio Jonatan , Henao Francisco Javier
Published: November 2022

In order to characterize the dynamics of Sus scrofa (order Artiodactyla, family Suidae) semen quality in the Western-central region of Colombia, information of 1,017 assessments from 177 males from 12 swine farms located between 700 and 2,600 meters above sea level in different inter-tropical systems was collected in the Laboratory of Reproductive Biology at Universidad de Caldas (Colombia) during seven years. The database included the seminal variables: concentration, morphology (head, midpiece and tail), membrane structural integrity (MSI), acrosome integrity (ACRI), and membrane functional integrity (MFI) proximal citoplasmic droplets (PCD), distal citoplasmic droplets (DCD), and total citoplasmic droplets (TCD). Additionally, the racial group of the male (grac): maternal cross (cm), paternal cross (cp), paternal pure (pp), maternal pure (pm) and age group (agegr): young (up to 18 months), mature (19 to 36 months) and old (over 37 months) were registered. Data was explored by estimating descriptive statistics; it was analyzed using a log-linear model consisting of a Poisson regression with a log link function using the PROC GENMOD of SAS (SAS Inst. Cary, NC). The effect of age group and racial group on semen quality variables using a mixed model for repeated measurements in the same boar over time were evaluated. The Spearman correlation coefficients between variables were calculated. The variables: macro, micro and pyriform head; double, eccentric, and thickened midpiece; tail whip; ladder bow; ball and distal reflex showed less than 1% prevalence. The highest values of FMI were found in cm and pp. Males cp, cm and pm do not differ from each other in MFI, but all had higher values than pp. The ACRI in cm was higher than cp, and these higher than pm. Presentation of TCD increased with age, with a higher percentage of PCD in older animals than in younger animals; mature animals showed intermediate values between them. The TCD exceeded 15% of presentation, being always higher for PCD than for GCP. The TCD is negatively correlated with MSI and ARCI, but positively correlated with MFI. The same trend is observed in the correlations with distal cytoplasmic droplets. However, the correlation of proximal droplets with the structural integrity loses significance, though they are negatively correlated with acrosome integrity. Values for MSI, MFI and ACRI, do not limit the quality of the samples in this population.
Colonización de macroinvertebrados acuáticos en hojas de Miconia sp. y Eucalyptus sp. en la subcuenca alta del río Chinchiná, Colombia
Authors: Rubio M. Juliana , Meza S. Ana María , Gomes Dias Lucimar
Published: November 2022

Los procesos de colonización en ambientes lóticos son regulados por la interacción entre el tipo de vegetación y la cantidad de hojarasca que se incorpora a los ríos e influye sobre la estructura y dinámica del bentos. Los macroinvertebrados bentónicos son un componente importante en los ecosistemas dulceacuícolas, cumplen un papel fundamental en la descomposición y recirculación de nutrientes, además de contribuir en la red trófica como alimento de otros animales. Con el objetivo de comparar la colonización de macroinvertebrados en hojas de árboles nativos e introducidos a través del tiempo en las quebradas El Diamante, La Oliva y el río Chinchiná, se utilizó la metodología de paquetes de hojarasca. La primera quebrada presenta como vegetación ribereña un bosque nativo, la segunda está influenciada por plantaciones de Eucalyptussp. y la tercera no presenta vegetación ribereña. Para el estudio se utilizaron paquetes de tela plástica, donde fueron depositadas hojas de Miconia sp. (especie nativa), hojas de Eucalyptussp. y una mezcla de las dos especies, las cuales demoraron aproximadamente 60 días para descomponerse. En total, se colectaron 8595 individuos de macroinvertebrados, la menor riqueza se presentó a los 30 días y la mayor entre los 45 y 60 días. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la riqueza y abundancia de macroinvertebrados con respecto a las dos especies vegetales utilizadas. Al evaluar la diversidad (q=0, q=1) no se encontraron diferencias significativas en el número efectivo de géneros o morfotipos entre sustratos (paquetes con hojas nativas, introducidas y mezcladas). El grupo funcional de los recolectores generalistas fue dominante entre los macroinvertebrados colectados.
Aislamiento de nematodos entomopatógenos nativos en cultivos de caña panelera y pruebas de patogenicidad sobre Diatraea saccharalis (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)
Authors: López Llano Rubian Augusto , Soto Giraldo Alberto
Published: November 2022

Los nematodos entomopatógenos son organismos habitantes del suelo que interactúan como importantes reguladores de su ecosistema, los cuales son utilizados como controladores de plagas en cultivos de importancia comercial. En este estudio se determinó la presencia de nematodos nativos en suelos provenientes de cultivos de caña panelera de los municipios de Supía, Riosucio y Filadelfia del departamento de Caldas. Se evaluó igualmente la mortalidad que causan dichos organismos sobre larvas de Diatraea saccharalis. Se encontraron 15 aislamientos pertenecientes al género Steinernema y 6 al género Heterorhabditis. Se seleccionaron 10 de los aislamientos de nematodos más virulentos sobre Galleria mellonella (nueve de Steinernema y uno de Heterorhabditis) para inoculación in vitro sobre larvas de último instar de D. saccharalis, empleando el método de inmersión, mostrando mortalidades entre el 10% y el 52%, 72 horas después de la infestación. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad de nematodos entomopatógenos en el departamento de Caldas y dan una perspectiva del posible empleo de estos organismos como un componente importante del manejo integrado de Diatraea en caña panelera.
Las interpretaciones lógica y epistemológica del Aufbau de Carnap. Una propuesta complementaria
Authors: Jaramillo U. Juan Manuel
Published: November 2022

En este artículo me propongo discutir dos de las grandes interpretaciones del Aufbau, la de Quine (1953, 1969), continuada por muchos anglosajones, que introduce el programa propuesto en el Aufbau en la tradición del empirismo británico destacando sus aspectos epistemo-semánticos y la que, defendida por los neokantianos y, en particular, por Friedman (1997) y Richardson (1998), enfatizan lo estructural o lógico sobre lo epistemológico y semántico. Se trata de dos interpretaciones unilaterales e insuficientes que es preciso complementar e integrar, como se evidencia en el caso de constitución formal de los objetos físicos, haciendo uso de la lógica moderna (teoría de relaciones), la teoría de conjuntos y de la topología como lo hace Carnap en el Aufbau.
Detrás de una fenomenología de «lo dado»
Authors: Laera Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

La tesis general que se sostiene en este escrito puede expresarse brevemente: «lo dado» tiene un correlato referencial, no sólo de hecho sino también de derecho. Que tenga un correlato referencial quiere decir que gran parte de nuestras creencias acerca del mundo poseen un fundamento en la donación de los objetos del mundo. Que esto sea una cuestión de hecho como de derecho quiere decir que «lo dado» es la fuente de gran parte de nuestras creencias no solamente desde una fenomenología descriptiva, sino también normativamente desde un punto de vista epistemológico: así debe ser si pretendemos atribuir conocimientos acerca del mundo y tratar con él de la manera en que lo hacemos.
El apocalipsis, la guerra y occidente
Authors: Ávila Vásquez Manuel Oswaldo
Published: November 2022

A cien años del final de la Primera Guerra Mundial, el viejo continente vuelve actualmente a encontrarse en un estado de conmoción como aquel que antecedió a este cruel conflicto. El texto busca pensar cómo esta confrontación llegó a adquirir dimensiones apocalípticas, para, de esta forma, advertir a qué nos podemos ver avocados de continuar por este camino. La tesis propuesta aquí es que al menos cuatro aspectos confluyeron allí, a saber: 1. La propensión nihilista de occidente; 2. La perversión “natural” propia a todos los hombres, largamente reprimida por la sociedad moralista del siglo XIX y que, con el estallido de la Gran Guerra, mostró su lado más siniestro; 3. En el conflicto de 1914 el espíritu de la guerra se compenetró con el alma del progreso; 4. En esta contienda bélica, por primera vez, desempeña un papel determinante el atmoterrorismo. Estas consideraciones tienen como punto de partida las reflexiones que hicieron, a propósito de cada uno de estos aspectos, Martin Heidegger, Sigmund Freud, Ernst Jünger, y Peter Sloterdijk.
Una escritura alusiva: el Castruccio Castracani de Nicolás Maquiavelo
Authors: Mattei Eugenia
Published: November 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la figura de Castruccio Castracani de Nicolás Maquiavelo quien desarrolla una particular escritura que es necesario seguir de cerca: a partir de este análisis podemos encontrar insumos para interrogar cómo operan los liderazgos en la obra maquiaveliana y cómo los líderes interactúan con el pueblo a través de un círculo pasional que se genera entre ambos. A estos efectos, procederemos en este artículo del siguiente modo: en primer lugar, restableceremos la historia que reconstruye Maquiavelo en torno a la figura de Castruccio. Solo una vez proporcionada esta reconstrucción nos dirigiremos al tratamiento de los ejes temáticos que resultan relevantes con el fin de pensar el liderazgo maquiaveliano. Por último, presentaremos las conclusiones de nuestro trabajo: a través del análisis sistemático de Castruccio se indaga cómo se construye una noción de “liderazgo maquiaveliano”. La especificidad de los liderazgos en Maquiavelo está dada en cómo se reconoce al pueblo como interlocutor válido, esto es, no de una manera manipuladora, perversa u opresora, sino como condición de la propia posibilidad del liderazgo.
Carteles impresos en Bogotá durante el siglo XIX. Exploración y análisis
Authors: Bermúdez Castillo Jairo Alfredo , Delgado Osorio Claudia Patricia
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo evidencia la existencia de un cartelismo bogotano durante el siglo XIX, el cual fue desconocido hasta ahora. Durante la investigación se exploró una cultura material con el método historiográfico a partir de la observación, búsqueda, registro, categorización, sistematización y contextualización de variadas muestras. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en algunos archivos históricos y museos, por ejemplo: Archivo General de Indias de Sevilla; Archivo Guillermo Hernández de Alba, sala de libros raros y manuscritos de la Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango y en la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. En términos generales al historiar el material encontrado se pudo comprobar que en Bogotá existió un cartelismo pues, aunque inicialmente todo parecía propaganda nacionalista, lentamente fueron agregándose elementos tipográficos como parte de la composición visual; a lo que se suma, desde 1849, la libertad de imprenta permitiendo mensajes diferentes al tema político; con ello, se descubre que en Bogotá se imprimieron carteles de gran formato entre 1855 y 1878. Estos carteles se evidenciaron nuevamente a partir de 1902; y a pesar de un avance en las artes gráficas de finales del siglo XIX, durante los años 80 y 90, con el grabado de la fotografía y la tipografía, dicha novedad solo fue utilizada en proyectos editoriales, almanaques y en primeras etiquetas.
A review of the land reform beneficiary training in South Africa: The role of agricultural extension
Authors: Zantsi S. , Nengovhela R.
Published: November 2022

Lack of competent commercial farming skills in emerging farmers is identified as one of the reasons for poor productivity on redistributed commercial farms. To address this shortcoming, the government and non-governmental organisations spend significant amounts of money providing a range of beneficiary training. However, very few objective studies exist that report how these pieces of training occur and how they are performed. This research aims to provide an initial basic understanding of the requirements and loopholes in the land reform beneficiary trainings, paving the way for future studies. The objective was to identify and discuss the role of agricultural extension in administering these beneficiary trainings.  These objectives were achieved by critically reviewing the relevant literature, policy documents, and some relevant official statistics. In our synthesis of the literature, we identified key attributes for a competent commercial farmer which are: the need to know how to adopt, regularly, new technology, new production processes, and new marketing arrangements, while continuing to take a calculated risk and have sound business and financial management skills. We then assessed these attributes to all small-scale farmers and land reform beneficiaries and found little theoretical evidence of such. However, some of the beneficiary trainings converge with the key commercial farmer competencies but others were missing. There were significant discrepancies in the beneficiary training expenditure and few details of the service providers and skills supplied.
The effect of longitudinal and transverse pitch ratio on the flow characteristics of staggered drop-shaped tubes bundle
Authors:   Damascus University, Syria, Deeb Rawad
Published: November 2022

The present work has been conducted to clarify flow behavior across staggered drop-shaped tubes bundle at various longitudinal and transversal pitch ratios (the tubes bundle configures in 18 cases). The investigation covers the effects of key design parameters of Reynolds numbers Re = (1,78–18,72)  103, longitudinal pitch ratios (PL = 1,44, 1,54, 1,64, 1,74, 1,84 and 2.04) and transversal pitch ratios (PT =1,24, 1,44, 1,64 and 1,82). ANSYS Fluent software package is used to predict the flow pattern around tubes. The results of this study showed that at a constant longitudinal pitch ratio, the minimum friction factor varies with the Reynolds number and transversal pitch ratio. As the Re increases, the friction factor decreases. The minimum values of the friction factor were achieved for (PL = 1,24 and PT = 1,44) at Re = 1,78  103, and (PT = PL = 1,64) at Re > 1,78  103. Correlation of the friction factor for the studied models were presented.
Teaching of Magnetism Unit Topics Via Active Learning Applications
Authors: BÜYÜKBAYRAKTAR Fatma Nur , DİLBER Refik
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of active learning on students’ achievement in the unit of magnetism. It is important to create proper teaching environments in order to ensure the active participation of students in learning processes. Many different methods and techniques may be used for active participation. Detailed information should be provided for the teachers on how these methods and techniques can be implemented. For this reason, an active learning environment was created in the present study by way of using worksheets accompanied by experiments, simulations, modelling, garden activity and games. It was explained how these activities are implemented for each of the acquisitions related with the magnetism unit topics. The study employed sequential explanatory mixed design. The subject of this study consisted of 98 eleventh grade students in a high school in Türkiye. The data were acquired via an open ended and multiple-choice conceptual achievement test, observation forms and interviews. The findings obtained illustrated that active learning applications increase academic achievements of students at a statistically significant level. In addition, it was concluded that active learning applications make a positive impact on the interest, attitude and motivations of the students towards the physics course. The results show that magnetism unit topics are effective in providing a conceptual change. It is suggested to use the applications shared in the present study for the teaching of abstract subjects such as magnetism. In this way, it may be possible to create learning environments that will enable instructors to reach the desired goals.
The Effects of Integrated STEM Education Practices on Problem Solving Skills, Scientific Creativity, and Critical Thinking Dispositions
Authors: HEBEBCİ Mustafa Tevfik , USTA Ertuğrul
Published: November 2022

Today, the need for individuals who follow scientific and technological developments closely and who can adapt to these changes rapidly is increasing. These needs have made it necessary for countries to try various changes, reforms and current approaches required by the age in their education systems. One of these approaches is STEM education, which has frequently been encountered in the national and international literature in recent years. STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education is an approach that emphasizes the 21st century skills, integrates science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines, and covers formal and informal education at all education levels. In addition, the number of studies on STEM education is increasing daily. This research aims to integrate the 8th-grade science curriculum with STEM education practices and examine the effects of these practices on students’ problem-solving (PS) skills, scientific creativity, and critical thinking dispositions. In this study conducted with quantitative methods, the pretest-posttest control group design of the quasi-experimental method was used. The study group of the research consists of students who took the 8th-grade science course at a private school. Research data were collected from both the classes before and after the experimental study. Descriptive statistics and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used in the data analysis. The research results revealed that integrated STEM education applications positively affect students’ problem-solving skills, scientific creativity, and critical thinking dispositions. The collected results were discussed with the studies in the literature, and suggestions were made accordingly.
COVID-19 infection in an intensive care unit in Tunisia: Risk factors of mortality
Authors: Fatma Ben Youssef , Imene Mlouki , Oussama Jawed , Nihel Omri , Mohamed Fekih Hassen , Souheil ElAtrous , Habiba Ben SiK Ali , Sana El Mhamdi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Identification of COVID-19 patients at high risk of mortality is crucial to improve patient management. Our study aimed to identify mortality risk factors at the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in Mahdia. Methods: We conducted a prospective study including patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICU at University Hospital Tahar Sfar Mahdia (September 2020 to February 2021). We used “The RAPID CORE CASE REPORT FORM” developed by the World Health Organization. Results: A total of 119 patients were included (60.5% male). The average age was 61.9 ± 12 years. During their stay, 51.8% of them had invasive ventilation, 31.3 % required vasopressors intake and 50.9% required a prone position.  The mortality rate was 47.1%. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and Health Care Associated Infections (HAI) were associated with a higher risk of mortality (64.9% vs 17.8%; p < 0.001 and 81.1% vs 18.2 %; p < 0.001 respectively). Mortality was higher among intubated patients (79.7% vs 14.5%; p < 0.001). The mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHII) score were higher in deaths than in survivors ((15.02 ± 7.6 vs 10.63 ± 5.31; p = 0.02). Low oxygen saturation on admission was associated with a higher risk of mortality (91.1% ± 6.44 vs 86% ± 11.25; p = 0.004).  Binary logistic regression showed increased odds of mortality with health-acquired infection (OR, 7.96 [95% CI, 2.28 - 27.7], severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 4.04 [95% CI, 1.11 - 14.73]) and invasive ventilation (OR, 12.23 [95% CI, 3.31 – 45.2]). Conclusion: Interventions preventing the risk factors are needed to improve the prognosis of Covid-19 patients.
Investigation of the effectiveness of ECOLAB ’Drape ArmourTM’ Radiation Protection in limiting eye-lens doses of healthcare personnel exposed to ionizing radiation during gastroenterology - interventional radiology procedures
Authors: Fulvio IM Fucilli , Giuseppe Di Giovanni , Alessandro Mastrorocco , Matteo Ninni , Piero Loprete , Isa De Crudis , Massimiliano Marano , Antonio Santomauro , Fabio Fucilli
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To investigate the efficiency of the ECOLAB “Drape ArmourTM” device in limiting the eye-lens doses absorbed by healthcare personnel exposed to ionizing radiation, in a four-month trial during gastroenterology interventional radiology procedures. Methods: Eyelens doses measured with eye-lens dosimeters calibrated in terms of equivalent dose at 3 mm depth ( Hp(3) ) were collected and analyzed since 2016 along with the irradiation parameters (Dose Area Product - DAP). The eye-lens doses received during the four-month trial, have been compared with doses normally received, in the same conditions of irradiation, in the absence of the protection drape. Results: During the period of use of Drape ArmourTM, the average dose to the eye lens was estimated to be 0.73 mSv (St.dev = 0.40 mSv). The average dose to the eye lens, measured in the same four-month period, across different years from 2017 to 2021, was equal to 1.30 mSv (st. dev = 0.35 mSv). Conclusions: Results suggest the effectiveness of Drape ArmourTM in containing the doses to the eye lens. Keypoint: Limiting eye-lens doses to a maximum value of 20 mSv/year is a real challenge, especially in interventional radiologic facilities. The use of suitable radio-opaque drapes may help healthcare workers involved in such facilities. The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of the ECOLAB “Drape ArmourTM” sterile mono-use drape.
Developing National Level High-alert Medication Lists for Community/primary Care Patients
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Lee Suhyun , Ah Young-Mi , Heo Kyu Nam , Lee Ah Young , Min Sang il , Kim A Jeong , Kim Sung Hwan , Jo Yun Hee , Cho Yoon-Sook , Han Ji Min , Lee Ju-Yeun
Published: November 2022

Despite the fact that a considerable number of preventable adverse events are managed in primary care settings, medication-related risks have been evaluated mainly through hospital admissions. While interest in high-alert medication management in the community and primary care settings is increasing internationally, Korea does not have accreditation for the same and lacks established standards for high-alert medications. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a nationallevel list of high-alert medications for community and primary care. The candidates for the high-alert medication list included medications recommended by Institute for Safe Medication Practices and those suggested by each guideline of the World Health Organization, Japan and Korea. We analyzed the adverse events related to medication errors reported by the patients' safety reporting system. Seven experts working in the community and primary care settings evaluated the adequacy and priority of the candidate medications. The final list included 20 high-alert medications, including nine essential and eleven optional medications. The national-level list of high-alert medications which we developed may be useful in formulating accreditation guidelines or treatment standards for community and primary care patients.
iSeq Bacterial WGS Protocol using a quarter of the reagents v1
Authors: Alvarez Narvaez Sonsiray
Published: November 2022

This is an adaptation of protocol https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bij8kcrw in which initial the initial DNA concentration and library prep reagent volumes have been reduced to a quarter.
Women’s Characters in Mykola Pymonenko’s Art Heritage
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kryshtopa Mariia
Published: November 2022

Ukrainian realistic painting became a symbol for the embodiment of the features of the traditional culture of the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. Mykola Pymonenko was one of the most striking painters among the outstanding artists who in their work turned to the development of themes and motifs from the everyday life of the peasantry. He skillfully depicted the color of the Ukrainian village, transferring the features of the profane and sacred times into traditional culture. His creative activity was closely connected with observation, and therefore the works demonstrate a high level of accuracy and reliability in the reproduced elements of material and spiritual culture. One of the important aspects that can be studied from Mykola Pymonenko’s paintings is the image of a woman in traditional culture. Pymonenko paid a lot of attention to depicting the feminine experience within the established system of social life in the Ukrainian village. Various age categories of women with different social status in individual contexts are presented among his creative works. The high level of the artist’s skill and his commitment to the standards of realistic painting allow us to compare the female images embodied in art with the realities of that time, showing, in parallel, a visual picture of a woman’s life in traditional society. Pymonenko reveals such aspects as family and relative ties, socialization, work, holidays and others, actually covering all components of human life. At the same time, detailing the elements of material culture allows to supplement the received information and form a clearer picture of a woman in traditional Ukrainian culture. Mykola Pymonenko managed to form a stable image of a woman in his work, at the same time, preserving its variability and demonstrating the uniqueness of each of them. Taking into account the fact that in traditional culture women often played a passive role, had to obey the patriarchal attitudes of the society of that time, Pymonenko in his works focuses mainly on female images, trying to reveal them as multifaceted and extraordinary.
Peculiarities of scientific methods OF Ahatanhel Krymskyi in ethnology
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lahunova Olha
Published: November 2022

The article examines the peculiarities of scientific methods Ahatanhel Krymskyi in ethnology of scientific methods in ethnology of the orientalist, linguist, historian, ethnologist, public figure and writer Ahatanhel Yukhymovych Krymskyi (1871–1942), member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Researchers-biographers of Ahatanhel Krymskyi paid the main attention to his oriental and philological works. Some scholars have been involved in the analysis of his ethnological research. The total number of ethnological works of Ahatanhel Krymskyi is 112 publications: 72 works on foreign ethnology and 40 on Ukrainian anthropology. The features of his scientific methods in ethnology were bibliographic studios with extensive complexes of scientific literature. The spread of European politics in the 19th century to the East required the involvement of many specialists in Oriental studies, in the preparation of which Ahatanhel Krymskyi took part. Therefore, he paid great attention to the creation of numerous textbooks for students studying oriental studies. For each position from the bibliographic list, the author gave a broad commentary, which could become the basis for further study of a particular problem related to the specified book or article. On the basis of a wide range of archival materials and scientific works of the scientist, it was found out that his scientific works were strongly influenced by the Theories of Diffusion of Folk-Tales or international exchange of folklore story that was dominant at that time in Europe. The widespread use of the historical-comparative method made it possible to trace the spread of mythological subjects from East to West. Thus, the academician came to the conclusion about the only source of origin of various mythological stories. This theory was subsequently refuted, but the wide material that the scientist collected in his research is still an important element that encourages further researchers to turn to his scientific heritage.
Reconstruction of historical buildings of Kyiv in 1920th – 1930th
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Tretiak Kyrylo
Published: November 2022

The author analyzes the reconstruction of the historical buildings of Kyiv in the 1920s – 1930s. The causes and consequences of such reconstructions on the preservation of the authentic appearance of the historical and cultural heritage of the city are researched. Particular attention is focuses on the classification of resonstruction types. Each of the types of such reconstructions is analyzed, its characteristics, causes, consequences and specific examples are given. There are four such types in the article. The first type includes buildings superimposed on the upper floors (floor). This was the most common way of reconstruction of Kyiv buildings of the 19th – early 20th centuries. Excluding a few successful examples of such reconstructions, most of them had detrimental effects on the architecture and had low aesthetics. The second type includes a rather rare type – extensions of buildings. The quality of such reconstruction examples is pretty different, but it did not improve the architecture of reconstructed buildings. The third type is a cardinal reconstruction, which provided not only an extension or superstructure but also a complete change of facade decor and architectural style. As a result of such reconstructions, many valuable examples of the architecture of the past were lost. The value and architectural aesthetics of the reconstructed buildings were different. There were examples when the rebuilt buildings did not yield to the beauty of the previous ones, but often such reconstructions led to the architectural degradation of buildings. The fourth type of reconstruction was to deprive buildings of certain decorative and structural elements without replacing them with new ones. Such works were aimed at simplifying the further repair and maintenance of the building in conditions of total nationalization.
The Transformation of Social Traditions of Rural Collective Mutual Assistance of Ukrainians in the Second Half of the 20th – early 21st Centuries
Authors:   Institute of Art, Folkloristic and Ethnology Studies of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine named after M. Rylsky, Gorova Vitalina
Published: November 2022

The article, based on the materials of expeditions to the Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Zakarpattia, Khmelnytskyi, Vinnytsia, Kharkiv, Odesa regions, reveals the degree of preservation and significance of public traditions of collective mutual assistance of Ukrainians in the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, in particular, the transformational processes that took place in the field of public labor relations of Ukrainian peasants in the specified period, and the formation of new economic and social practices of mutual support and assistance in the rural community at the current stage was also traced. In the late Soviet period, the author recorded the continuation of the tradition of labor mutual assistance through the recording of the following forms of association by peasants of their own labor force: toloka («klaka»), supriaga, «supryiadki», which are presented in the following variants: toloka – in the form of a mowing, combing and wagoning (mostly arranged in the Zakarpattia region), paving, walling and plastering of houses, during the construction of farm buildings, digging potatoes, husking corn, plucking feathers, performing public works; husbandry – during «ploughing» of the land; «supriadka» – in the form of clothes, meetings, buckles («buckles»). In the modern village, we observe the loss of the relevance of the use of many customs of labor mutual assistance, which is explained by the actual disappearance of the need to perform time-consuming, physically difficult work, replacing manual work of many branches of economic labor with agricultural machinery, mechanization of most construction works. However, this state of affairs did not prevent people from showing indifferent feelings towards other people’s daily needs and showing a desire to help, it is true, to a greater extent, in trivial everyday activities, including household chores.
Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with chronic osteomyelitis to ­antibacterial drugs
Authors: Shipitsyna Irina V. , Osipova Elena V.
Published: November 2022

Background. The spread of highly resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the departments of purulent orthopedics determines the need for constant monitoring of the sensitivity of bacteria to antibacterial drugs.
Aim. To monitor the resistance of K. pneumoniae bacteria isolated from patients with chronic osteomyelitis to antibacterial drugs.
Material and methods. The resistance profiles of 663 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from wounds and fistulas of 294 patients with chronic osteomyelitis who were treated in the purulent department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after G.A. Ilizarov in the period 20162021 to eight drugs: cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, piperacillin + tazobactam were analyzed. The analysis of the results was statistically processed using the software AtteStat, version 13.0. Data are presented as a percentage (%) of the total number of strains isolated during the study period.
Results. K. pneumoniae strains showed the greatest resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics and inhibitor-protected penicillins. The number of strains resistant to aminoglycosides decreased from 2016 to 2021. Imipenem had the highest activity against Klebsiella, the proportion of resistant strains did not exceed 48% over 6 years. Meropenem was active against Klebsiella over a 3-year period from 20162018 (the proportion of resistant isolates did not exceed 28.5%). Starting from 2019, the number of resistant strains increased, in 2021 their number was 63.9%. Among all the isolated strains of K. pneumoniae, the largest share fell on polydrug-resistant strains (89.6%).
Conclusion. The monitoring of the resistance of K. pneumoniae strains to eight antibacterial drugs revealed a high incidence of multidrug-resistant strains, low efficacy of cephalosporin antibiotics and inhibitor-protected -lactam drugs, and an increase in resistance to carbapenems.
SCENTAR: A High-Density Nodal Array to Study the Structure and Seismogenic Behavior of the Southern Cascadia Forearc
Authors: Delph Jonathan R. , Thomas Amanda M. , Stanciu A. Christian , Aslam Khurram , Chatterjee Avigyan , Sassard Vincent
Published: November 2022

Tectonic and seismogenic variations in subduction forearcs can be linked through various processes associated with subduction. Along the Cascadia forearc, significant variations between different geologic expressions of subduction appear to correlate, such as episodic tremor-and-slip (ETS) recurrence interval, intraslab seismicity, slab dip, uplift and exhumation rates, and topography, which allows for the systematic study of the plausible controlling mechanisms behind these variations. Even though the southern Cascadia forearc has the broadest topographic expression and shortest ETS recurrence intervals along the margin, it has been relatively underinstrumented with modern seismic equipment. Therefore, better seismic images are needed before robust comparisons with other portions of the forearc can be made. In March 2020, we deployed the Southern Cascadia Earthquake and Tectonics Array throughout the southern Cascadia forearc. This array consisted of 60 continuously recording three-component nodal seismometers with an average station spacing of ∼15 km, and stations recorded ∼38 days of data on average. We will analyze this newly collected nodal dataset to better image the structural characteristics and constrain the seismogenic behavior of the southern Cascadia forearc. The main goals of this project are to (1) constrain the precise location of the plate interface through seismic imaging and the analysis of seismicity, (2) characterize the lower crustal architecture of the overriding forearc crust to understand the role that this plays in enabling the high nonvolcanic tremor density and short episodic slow-slip recurrence intervals in the region, and (3) attempt to decouple the contributions of subduction versus San Andreas–related deformation to uplift along this particularly elevated portion of the Cascadia forearc. The results of this project will shed light on the controlling mechanisms behind heterogeneous ETS behavior and variable forearc surficial responses to subduction in Cascadia, with implications for other analogous subduction margins.
Effectiveness of Quercetin and Its Derivatives Against SARS CoV2 -In silico Approach
Authors: Harish M , Ranjith C V , Nair C Sethulekshmy
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic that erupted in November 2019 is continuing, with no effective antiviral agent to date. Synthetic antiviral agents have limitations such as a narrow range of therapeutic effectiveness of the activity, toxicity, and resistant viral strains and traditional antiviral medicines at large seem not to have these limitations. Here, some of the existing phytochemicals are cherry-picked for repurposing against the enzyme or protein targets of SARS CoV2, by the principles of structure-based drug design based on molecular docking studies. The most important drug targets of SARS CoV2 namely, Mpro protease (6LU7), RdRp polymerase (7BTF), and Spike glycoprotein of SARS CoV2(6VSB) were employed for docking analysis with chosen phytochemicals and binding affinity was calculated using PRODIGY software and docking sites determined using Chimera software. For docking studies, 160 phytochemicals were selected from a large pool of phytochemicals. Based on the binding affinity values, 61 phytoconstituents were selected for further in-silico screening which resulted in 15 phytochemicals, with higher binding affinity to spike glycoprotein of SARS CoV2. Moreover, Guaijaverin, Quercetin, Quercitrin, Quinic acid, and spiraeoside binds both to the spike glycoprotein of SARS Cov2 and the host receptor of human ACE2. Hence these compounds may serve as two-pronged drug candidates for SARS CoV2. In nutshell, we present a few phytochemical candidates with higher binding affinity to the Spike protein of SARS CoV2, which needs to be further optimized by in vitro studies to minimize the cytotoxicity and increase or retain the binding affinity, towards an effective antiviral drug against COVID 19.
Partial Purification of Extracellular Amylase From Halotolerant Actinomycetes Streptomyces brasiliensis MML2028
Authors: G Abirami , C Ramprasath , M Suganthi , E Abinaya Devi , N Mathivanan
Published: November 2022

Amylase is considered as an industrially important enzyme as it occupies the most important function in the food, paper, and pharmaceutical industries. The present study is concerned with the optimization, production and partial purification of halotolerant amylase from newly isolated Streptomyces brasiliensis MML2028, from Kelambakkam salt pan, Tamil Nadu, India. The primary screening was carried out by well diffusion assay to find the zone of lysis. The assay was observed for each media optimization by measuring the release of reducing sugar (RS) by the 3,5 dinitro salicylic acid (DNS) method and expressed in the international unit (UI). Ammonium sulphate precipitation was used to partially purify the enzyme and then lyophilized. SDS-PAGE was performed to identify the molecular weight. The production medium was optimized with 1% of the starch substrate, 3% of NaCl at 24˚C and pH 9, and incubation of 9 days. The total activity of the partially purified α-amylase was observed to be 1806.9U/mL. The partially purified enzyme was more active with 3% NaCl, pH 8, and 24˚C which is known to be a halotolerant alkaline α-amylase. The enzyme showed tolerance towards magnesium, manganese ions, Triton x-100, and urea. De-inking of α-amylase showed good results proving that the enzyme activity is more efficient. Hence, the alkaliphilic amylase from Halotolerant actinomycetes S. Brasiliensis MML2028 could be a better microbial source that can be used in many industries, especially in paper and textiles.
Pre-Harvest Sprouting Tolerance in 36 Bread Wheat Genotypes
Authors: L. A. Okuyama , Riede C. R. , Kohli M. M.
Published: November 2022

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), promoted by rainfall during crop maturity, is a high problem in many wheat-producing regions of the world. Considering its importance in Brazil, 36 national and international varieties and advanced lines of wheat were evaluated for their tolerance to PHS. For this purpose, two experiments were conducted over three years. Seed pericarp rupture was used as an indicator of the beginning of germination. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, the Scott-Knott test, and the Lin and Binns method. The wide range of germination percentage values allowed the genotypes to be classified as tolerant (in experiment 1 - ND 674 and Grandin*2/RL 4137 and experiment 2 - Frontana and Grandin) and moderately tolerant (Alsen, CD 114, and Milan/3/Attila//Fang 69/CIMMYT 3 in Experiment 1; Avante, BRS 177, IAC 5-Maringá, Onix, OR 1, RL 4137, and Rubi in Experiment 2). Because tolerance to PHS is under genetic control and can be improved through breeding programs, the challenge for wheat breeders is to combine increased PHS tolerance with other requirements to meet market demands.
Structural Characteristics of Monggeumdojeon and Literary Historical Significance
Authors: Shin Chan kyung
Published: November 2022

This article sought to expand the meaning of the work by exploring the new narrative context secured by Monggeumdojeon based on its critical consciousness and the socio-cultural background and understanding the narratives and comments of Monggeumdo-Jeon considering the context in which “modern era” selected and utilized classical narratives. The filial piety embodied in Monggeumdojeon is not a sincerity that wishes for transcendental objects, but a practical concept that is evaluated based on the degree of practical help. Therefore, it is consistent with the logic of the filial piety of Monggeumdojeon that A does not become a reality in the context in which the act of origin itself is denied. As the Yonggung and Open-eye pixels are deleted, the narrative in the second half of Monggeumdojeon is relatively simplified in the structure of “filial piety-reward” compared to the narrative in Simcheongjeon. Monggeumdojeon is a narrative that intensively implements the fundamental theme of the story of filial piety based on the single structure of “filial piety-reward.” The “will to cultivate filial piety” is a key driving force for the narrative of Monggeumdojeon and forms the theme consciousness and structure of the work. The significance of critical consciousness and lesson in Monggeumdojeon is better revealed than when considering the specificity of the modern era when the work was created and the context in which the modern era summoned and utilized classical narratives. The “filial piety” of Simcheongjeon was not only meaningful in the modern era but also had the utility of emotion and enlightenment, which was a factor that drove both popularity and public interest in the publishing industry. In addition, the method in which the modern short narratives used the narrative became a reference point for examining the re-contextualization of “filial piety” in the process of Simcheongjeon converted into Monggeumdojeon. The enlightening and instructive voice of Simcheongjeon arose from the meeting of modern era and traditions through the medium of “filial piety.” This shows the status of Monggeumdojeon as an intersection of the modern values that select classical narratives and the traditional values inherent in Simcheongjeon which has been passed down as a filial daughter narrative.
The Pattern and Implication of Changgeuk Performance of Gisaengs in the Early Modern Period
Authors: Jeong Choong kwon
Published: November 2022

This study focuses on Gisaengs, who acted as a performers of a traditional performance on the stage of an indoor theater in the early modern period and attempts to examine the pattern and implications of their performance activities, especially regarding the Changgeuk performance. To this end, this study first explored the process of how Gisaengs, who were traditional artistic holders, appeared in earnest as the main performers in the Changgeuk performance over time. Next, this study examined the patterns of Changgeuk performances in which Gisaengs participated and were active at a theater exclusive or association level at that time. This study divided the patterns into five categories, considering the nature and format of the Changgeuk performances reported in newspaper and magazine articles at the time. These are 1) singing together or singing in parts, 2) ‘-noreum’, 3) Changgeuk, of which the form is difficult to conjecture, that has a material origin in the works of the non-Pansori line, 4) Changgeuk, which composes the whole play based on known Pansori works, but clearly reveals the characteristics of a dramatic branch through Chang(唱), and 5) the type of Chang-dance-play (唱舞劇) in which the traditional dance play is attached to Chang. Through this, it can be seen that the Changgeuk style was in a fluid state at the time of the so-called formative period. Furthermore, it can be inferred that in the 1910s, the female entertainers, the Gisaengs, occupied a central position in Changgeuk's performances, and that for Changgeuk performers centered on Gisaengs at the time to win the audience's response, they had to put deep thought and effort into gaining popularity. In the early modern period, the Changgeuk activities of Gisaengs were to secure their identity by surpassing the unjust prejudices imposed on them, and as a result, they were also to give value to traditional performances, including Changgeuk, as modern art products.
A Study on Simchengga’s Ending and Multiple Layers in the Theme
Authors: Choe O chin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to define the ending of Simcheongga and re-examine its varieties in 13 versions of the work. Furthermore, it aims to discuss how multiple endings of Simcheongga represent different meanings. The ending of Simcheongga begins after Simbongsa's bath part is over and Simbongsa realizes that he has lost his clothes. Accordingly, the ending could be divided into 6 parts: ‘Asking the governor of Mureung for clothes, “The mill song,” “Meeting Ms. An(a blind person),” “Reunion,” “Opening eyes,” and “Subsequent story.” The 13 versions of Simcheongga are similar because they share most of these parts, but are not identical because several details are different. When analyzing the variation in the 13 different versions based on each part, the ending of Simcheongga varies in awareness regarding relevance between Simcheong's death and Simbongsa's eyes opening, and the interest in reinstating Simbongsa's authority as a patriarch. Therefore, the different endings of Simcheongga create various meanings in the corresponding theme of works. It can be said that the theme of Simcheongga appears in multiple layers.
The U.S.-Japan-Republic of Korea Alliance as part of the Joe Biden Administration's Indo-Pacific Strategy
Authors: Motyavin Michael
Published: November 2022

The article outlines the strategy of the Joe Biden administration to develop cooperation with Japan and the Republic of Korea within the framework of a trilateral alliance and emphasizes the role of Seoul, without whose participation complex interaction is unlikely.