bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resource Review
Authors: Waterhouse Cathryne
Published: June 2021

Cathryne Waterhouse continues our new resource review column, which will provide a synopsis and brief analysis of a recently published resource that may be of interest to neuroscience nurses; a full reference is provided for those who wish to read the text
Scapula fractures: a review
Authors: Limb David
Published: June 2021

A consensus is beginning to emerge about the indications for fixation of fractures involving the glenoid fossa of the scapula. The same cannot be firmly said for extra-articular fractures of the blade or the processes of the scapula, with a good deal of reliance on expert opinion from high-volume centres. There are no randomized controlled studies and the systematic reviews that do exist can only pool the data from available case series, making meaningful meta-analysis of limited value. Interest in scapula fractures has increased of late due to the specific association of fractures of the scapular spine and acromion with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. This review summarizes the available evidence that can assist decision making when faced with a patient with a scapula fracture. Which patients should at least be considered for open reduction and internal fixation, either in the centre where they present or after referral to a more specialist centre? These patients are those with a fracture sufficiently displaced that it interferes with the mechanical function of the shoulder girdle and the aim of fixation is to reduce pain and disability. Since the majority of scapula fractures heal quickly with non-surgical treatment and do not cause significant disability, decision making can be difficult, and it is perhaps the case that it is easier to err on the side of caution. However, it seems that there are fracture types, such as significantly displaced double disruptions of the superior suspensory complex, widely displaced lateral column fractures and fractures producing angular deformity of the glenoid process, that benefit from early reduction and stabilization with the expectation of a good outcome for the patient.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:518-525. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210010
Pelvic discontinuity: a challenge to overcome
Authors: Babis George C. , Nikolaou Vasileios S.
Published: June 2021

Pelvic discontinuity (PD) has been a considerable challenge for the hip revision arthroplasty surgeon. However, not all PDs are the same. Some occur during primary cup insertion, resembling a fresh periprosthetic fracture that separates the superior and inferior portions of the pelvis, while others are chronic as a result of gradual acetabular bone loss due to osteolysis and/or acetabular implant loosening. In the past, ORIF, various types of cages, bone grafts and bone cement were utilized with little success. Today, the biomechanics and biology of PD as well as new diagnostic tools and especially a variety of new implants and techniques are available to hip revision surgeons. Ultraporous cups and augments, cup-cage constructs and custom triflange components have revolutionized the treatment of PD when used in various combinations with ORIF and bone grafts. For chronic PD the cup-cage construct is the most popular method of reconstruction with good medium-term results. Dislocation continues to be the leading cause of failure in all situations, followed by infection. Ultimately, surgeons today have a big enough armamentarium to select the best treatment approach. Case individualization, personal experience and improvisation are the best assets to drive treatment decisions and strategies.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:459-471. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210022
Fiber optic probe with functional polymer composites for hyperthermia
Authors: Hernández-Arenas Alexa , Pimentel-Domínguez Reinher , Rodrigo Vélez-Cordero J. , Hernández-Cordero Juan
Published: June 2021

We demonstrate a fiber optic probe incorporating functional polymer composites for controlled generation of photothermal effects. The probe combines carbon-based and rare-earth composites on the tip of standard multimode fibers, thus yielding a compact fiber optic photothermal probe (FOPP) whose temperature can be measured simultaneously through fluorescent thermometry. We evaluate the thermal features of the probe through experiments and numerical calculations showing that large thermal gradients are obtained within the vicinity of the heating zone. The temperatures achieved with the FOPP are within the ranges of interest for hyperthermia and can be attained using low optical powers (< 280 mW).
Adaptive epipolar distance transform and adaptive matching cost for stereo matching
Authors: Zhang Yakun , Li Haibin , Zhang Wenming
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a new algorithm that robustly performs stereo matching for textureless regions in stereo images. To this end, we design an adaptive matching cost which employs a special term. This term can assign distinguishable values to pixels adaptively according to the texture information. Specifically, first, we improve the epipolar distance transform by utilizing a linear expansion function and obtain an adaptive epipolar distance transform (AEDT); second, we propose an adaptive matching cost utilizing the AEDT to deal with textureless region problems. Experiments on the Middlebury benchmark demonstrate that the proposed method can perform accurate stereo matching on textureless regions. Moreover, the experiments show that the proposed adaptive matching cost can be directly utilized to other methods to improve the disparity results in textureless regions.
Corona Tracing Apps – Eine Analyse und Strukturierung des europäischen Marktes
Authors: Brendel Alfred Benedikt , Greve Maike , Masuch Kristin , Trang Simon
Published: June 2021

Apps für die Kontaktnachverfolgungen – so genannte Corona Tracing Apps – stellen einen essentiellen Teil der nationalen Strategien zur Bekämpfung des COVID-19 Virus dar. Mithilfe dieser Technologie sollen Infektionsketten effektiver nachvollzogen und schnellstmöglich unterbrochen werden. Corona Tracing Apps lassen sich aus Perspektive der Technik, der Entwicklung und der Funktionalität auf verschiedenste Weise gestalten. Aufgrund der Vielfalt an Möglichkeiten wurden seit dem Beginn der Coronapandemie mehr als 40 verschiede Apps entwickelt und in Europa veröffentlicht. Diese Vielfalt an Technologie wird zum Problem, da die Effektivität von Corona Tracing Apps davon abhängt, wieviel Bürger*innen dieselbe App nutzen. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Vielfalt verschiedener App Konfigurationen. Auf Basis einer morphologischen Analyse untersuchen wir, in welchen Aspekten sich die Apps unterscheiden und zeigen anschließend, dass sich diese Apps in zwei Archetypen unterscheiden lassen.
Efficient encoding of spectrotemporal information for bat echolocation
Authors: Chitradurga Achutha Adarsh , Peremans Herbert , Firzlaff Uwe , Vanderelst Dieter
Published: June 2021

In most animals, natural stimuli are characterized by a high degree of redundancy, limiting the ensemble of ecologically valid stimuli to a significantly reduced subspace of the representation space. Neural encodings can exploit this redundancy and increase sensing efficiency by generating low-dimensional representations that retain all information essential to support behavior. In this study, we investigate whether such an efficient encoding can be found to support a broad range of echolocation tasks in bats. Starting from an ensemble of echo signals collected with a biomimetic sonar system in natural indoor and outdoor environments, we use independent component analysis to derive a low-dimensional encoding of the output of a cochlear model. We show that this compressive encoding retains all essential information. To this end, we simulate a range of psycho-acoustic experiments with bats. In these simulations, we train a set of neural networks to use the encoded echoes as input while performing the experiments. The results show that the neural networks’ performance is at least as good as that of the bats. We conclude that our results indicate that efficient encoding of echo information is feasible and, given its many advantages, very likely to be employed by bats. Previous studies have demonstrated that low-dimensional encodings allow for task resolution at a relatively high level. In contrast to previous work in this area, we show that high performance can also be achieved when low-dimensional filters are derived from a data set of realistic echo signals, not tailored to specific experimental conditions.
Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change increases the risk of child malnutrition: Evidence from a large-scale observational study in India
Authors: Mahapatra Bidhubhusan , Walia Monika , Rao Chitiprolu Anantha Rama , Raju Bellapukonda Murali Krishna , Saggurti Niranjan
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The impact of climate change on agriculture and food security has been examined quite thoroughly by researchers globally as well as in India. While existing studies provide evidence on how climate variability affects the food security and nutrition, research examining the extent of effect vulnerability of agriculture to climate change can have on nutrition in India are scarce. This study examined a) the association between the degree of vulnerability in agriculture to climate change and child nutrition at the micro-level b) spatial effect of climate vulnerability on child nutrition, and c) the geographical hotspots of both vulnerability in agriculture to climate change and child malnutrition.

Methods

The study used an index on vulnerability of agriculture to climate change and linked it to child malnutrition indicators (stunting, wasting, underweight and anaemia) from the National Family Health Survey 4 (2015–16). Mixed-effect and spatial autoregressive models were fitted to assess the direction and strength of the relationship between vulnerability and child malnutrition at macro and micro level. Spatial analyses examined the within-district and across-district spill-over effects of climate change vulnerability on child malnutrition.

Results

Both mixed-effect and spatial autoregressive models found that the degree of vulnerability was positively associated with malnutrition among children. Children residing in districts with a very high degree of vulnerability were more like to have malnutrition than those residing in districts with very low vulnerability. The analyses found that the odds of a child suffering from stunting increased by 32%, wasting by 42%, underweight by 45%, and anaemia by 63% if the child belonged to a district categorised as very highly vulnerable when compared to those categorised as very low. The spatial analysis also suggested a high level of clustering in the spatial distribution of vulnerability and malnutrition. Hotspots of child malnutrition and degree of vulnerability were mostly found to be clustered around western-central part of India.

Conclusion

Study highlights the consequences that vulnerability of agriculture to climate change can have on child nutrition. Strategies should be developed to mitigate the effect of climate change on areas where there is a clustering of vulnerability and child malnutrition.
Zionism lobbies the empires
Authors: Clark Harry F.
Published: June 2021

Review of: A Broken Trust: Sir Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians, Sahar Huneidi, foreword by Walid Khalidi (2001)

London: I. B. Tauris, 340 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-86064-172-5, h/bk, out-of-print

The Palestine Deception, 1915–1923: The McMahon-Hussein Correspondence, the Balfour Declaration, and the Jewish National Home, J. M. N. Jeffries, edited and with an introduction by William M. Mathew (2014)

Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies-USA, 175 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-88728-320-8, p/bk, $16.00

Palestine. The Reality. The Inside Story of the Balfour Declaration 1917–1938, J. M. N. Jeffries, with a new introduction by Ghada Karmi (2017)

Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press, 800 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-56656-024-5, p/bk, $30

Israel’s Armor: The Israel Lobby and the First Generation of the Palestine Conflict, Walter L. Hixson (2019)

Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 324 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-108-70532-5, p/bk, $29.99
Trials for preparation and evaluation of a combined inactivated reassorted H5N1 and Escherichia coli O157 vaccine in poultry
Authors: El Sayed Marwa Fathy , Soliman Reem A. , Ghanem Heba Mohamed , Khedr Marwa M.S. , Mohamed Gina M. , El Safty Mounir Mohamed Diab
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: Avian influenza (AI), which is one of the major respiratory diseases of poultry, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) have caused major economic losses around the world, including in Egypt. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to produce a vaccine from E. coli O157 and AI H5N1 formulated with Montanide ISA70 for the protection of poultry against both diseases.

Materials and Methods: We divided one hundred 3-week-old chicks into four groups: Group 1 was vaccinated with prepared inactivated AI H5N1formulated with Montanide ISA70, Group 2 was vaccinated with inactivated E. coli formulated with Montanide ISA70, Group 3 was vaccinated with combined E. coli and AI H5N1 formulated with Montanide ISA70, and Group 4 was an unvaccinated control group. We measured the immune response using the HI (hemagglutination inhibition) test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the challenge test.

Results: We found the three vaccines to be safe and sterile during all periods of examination and observation. The HI test showed that Group 1 exhibited specific antibody titers of 2.3 log2, 4.3 log2, 7.5 log2, 7.8 log2, 8 log2, and 8.1 log2 from week 2 to week 7, respectively, post-vaccination. Group 3 exhibited antibody titers of 3.3 log2, 5.8 log2, 7.8 log2, 8 log2, 8.3 log2, and 8.3 log2 from week 2 to week 7, respectively, post-vaccination. The immune response in both groups reached a high titer at week 6. The combined inactivated E. coli and AI H5N1 vaccine generated a higher immune response than the inactivated AI H5N1 vaccine, and a significant difference exists between the two groups. For Groups 2 and 3, the ELISA antibody titer exhibited its lowest value, 1996.5 and 2036.7, respectively, at week 1 post-vaccination; whereas, both groups exhibited the highest titers, 2227.7 (for Group 2) and 2287.3 (for Group 3), in week 3 post-booster. The ELISA for the combined inactivated E. coli and AI H5N1 vaccine had a higher titer than did the inactivated E. coli vaccine, and a significant difference exists between the two groups. Moreover, the protection rate was higher in Group 3, with 100% for E. coli and 90% for the AI H5N1 vaccine.

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that producing a combined vaccine using E. coli and AI H5N1 formulated with Montanide ISA70 is recommended for protection against both diseases.
LOCAL COMMUNITY SUPPORT FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF A HISTORICAL BUILDING INTO A HOTEL: case of the Corupá Seminary/SC
Authors: Brogni Jaqueline de Souza , Vieira Samara Jane Effting , Limberger Pablo Flôres , Júnior Marcos Arnhold
Published: June 2021

As part of the built historical and cultural heritage of Corupá/SC, the structure of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Seminary [Seminário Sagrado Coração de Jesus] has great tourism potential directly linked to nature, leisure, history and religion. This study investigates the support of the local community for the development of tourism in the city of Corupá and the possibility of turning the historical Seminary building into a hotel. To achieve this objective, a quantitative methodology was used to measure the residents' views on the positive and negative impacts of tourism, and on the introduction of a new hotel in the town. Among the main results, it was found that the local community has a desire to participate, contribute, and give their opinions about project, as they believe that tourism has positive impacts. They also believe that the current structure of the Corupá Seminary, which is lying dormant, is a waste, and that a building that is part of the cultural and historical heritage should not have its use restricted.
GUIDED TOUR: IN THE WAYS OF HALF A CENTURY OF HISTORY OF THE FIRST HOTEL-SCHOOL OF LATIN AMERICA.
Authors: Cobuci Leila de Assis , Da Dalt Thaís Oliveira , Amaral Nathalia Mendes do
Published: June 2021

This work is the result of experiences lived during the stages of the project "Interpreting the ways of the Hotel-School Senac Grogotó: thematic routes as tools to promote the appreciation of the history and heritage preservation in Senac unit in Barbacena-MG." The project was developed under the extension program of the Technology School of Senac Minas, together with the graduation courses of technology in hospitality and gastronomy. The project is characterized by offering thematic routes, structured as a guided tour, which are conducted by students of the institution in order to present the history and the heritage of the hotel, aiming to sensitize students, guests and other social groups in the community. The development of research and data collection took place between July 2016 and July 2017, and currently the project is still active, with the visits already implemented, as will be seen in the topic Methodology. The methodology used was the exploratory research and intervention research. For this, information was collected from various sources of research that enabled the formatting of a tour script, which was categorized and sectorized. Within this context, it was aimed through the formatting of the guided tour the consolidation of guidelines and methodologies for the reception of groups. This initiative intended to professionalize and expand the visitation to the complex of Hotel School Grogotó. The consolidation project in Barbacena Senac unit is an effective strategy to publicize the heritage and also the educational expertise of the institution, especially in the theme of hospitality. As a result, it provided the recognition and revaluation of historical and cultural aspects of the 1st Hotel-School in Latin America, offering to Barbacena community and other interested parties educational and entertainment opportunities. The guided tour is formatted in seven points of interpretation, and along the route the places of the Hotel-School that present as relevant spaces in the professional technical training since the year 1960 are visited. In this sense, the project contributes to creating places for students and teachers to experience and materialize the construction of a more inclusive and participatory society, providing the transforming relationship between school and society, establishing the exchange of academic and popular knowledge, in order to democratize the knowledge produced in the classroom.  Finally, the project opens the space for participation of the community in the Hotel-School in a more significant way.
Lean módszerek alkalmazása Magyarországon
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Rendesi István
Published: June 2021

Az utóbbi időben megszaporodtak a lean alkalmazásokról szóló beszámolók. A cikk a magyarországi vállalatoknál végzett lean projektekkel foglalkozik. A szerzők feltárják a lean projektek okait és a leggyakrabban használt technikákat. Azt találták, hogy a lean projektek leggyakoribb célja a hatékonyságnövelés, költség- és veszteségcsökkentés. Az esetek felében az alkalmazandó módszereket tanácsadók javasolták. Az elemzések azt mutatják, hogy a felsővezetők erőteljesen részt vettek a folyamatokban (célkitűzés, módszerválasztás, esetenként a megvalósításban is). A legnépszerűbb módszerek a lean projektek során az 5S, PDCA és a Poka-Yoke voltak. Az esetek kétharmadában külső tanácsadók segítették a munkát. A cikk szakirodalmi részében egy tömör összefoglalás található a különböző lean megközelítésekről.
LIVING AND HEALTH CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG ELDERLY
Authors: DO NASCIMENTO JACINTO DE SOUZA B.F. , MARÍN-LEON L.
Published: June 2021

Background: The epidemiological and nutritional transition processes in the last decades underlie the rising trend of obesity in the elderly and is related to increased risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and decreased functional status. Objective: To analyze the association of demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and health-related factors with overweight and obesity in elderly. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Carried out in Campinas-São Paulo, Brazil, in 2011. Participants: 452 non-institutionalized elderly (aged ≥60 years), half were users of a government-run soup kitchen and the other half were neighbors of the same sex. Results:Overweight frequency (BMI ≥25 and <30 kg/m2) was 44.5% and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was 21.7%. In the multiple multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for sex, age group and economic class, there was greater chance of overweight among those that reported dyslipidemia; those that reported arthritis/ arthrosis/rheumatism and that once or more per week replaced supper by a snack were more likely to be obese. Elderly who did not leave home daily and reported diabetes had higher chance of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are associated with worse living and health-related conditions, such as physical inactivity, changes in eating behaviors, and chronic diseases. Public health policies should encourage regular physical activity and healthy eating behaviors, focusing on traditional diet, through nutritional education, in order to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity and chronic diseases.
CHANGES OF BODY COMPOSITION, MUSCULAR STRENGTH AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE DUE TO RESISTANCE TRAINING IN OLDER PERSONS WITH SARCOPENIC OBESITY
Authors: STOEVER K. , HEBER A. , EICHBERG S. , ZIJLSTRA W. , BRIXIUS K.
Published: June 2021

Background: At present, it is unclear whether older, obese persons with or without sarcopenia respond differently to training. Furthermore, there are no differentiated recommendations for resistance training for this special target group. Objectives: The objectives are to investigate the changes in the physical parameters of older, obese men caused by training and to reappraise the modalities of resistance training for older persons. Design: Pre-test-post-test design. Participants: The participants were 33 physically inactive and obese older men (≥ 65 years, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), with-out severe diseases. Subjects were divided into two groups: NSAR (no or presarcopenia, n= 15) or SAR (sarcopenia, n= 18). Intervention: The intervention consisted of progressive resistance training, twice a week for 16 weeks with finally 80-85% of maximum strength and three sets with 8-12 repetitions. The training contained six exercises for the major muscle groups. Measurements: Sarcopenia was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), hand-grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and gait speed over a 6-meter walkway. Furthermore, the maximum dynamic strength (1 RM) was assessed. Results: At baseline, the NSAR group had significantly better values in SMI, SPPB score, hand-grip strength, and 1 RM. After training, the results in both groups displayed an increase in 1 RM at the lower limbs (NSAR 18%, SAR 38%) and the upper limbs (NSAR 12%, SAR 14%). Also, the SPPB score (NSAR 11%, SAR 15%) and the 6-m-gait speed (NSAR 5%, SAR 10%) increased. The SAR group was able to increase their right hand-grip strength by 12%, whereas the NSAR group maintained their initial high strength values. SMI did not change in both groups. Conclusions: Both groups show improvements after resistance training with slightly more benefits for men with sarcopenia. Results of this study can be used to define specific training regimens for N(SAR) subjects.
Nossas palavras e as deles: o ofício do historiador na atualidade
Authors: Ginzburg Carlo
Published: June 2021

Em suas reflexões metodológicas, publicadas postumamente como Apologie pour l’histoire ou métier d'historien (“O ofício do historiador ou introdução à História”), Marc Bloch observou: "Para grande desespero dos historiadores, os homens não mudam seu vocabulário cada vez que mudam seus costumes".
Ideias fora de qual lugar? Estudo sobre algumas possibilidades de extrapolação da tese de Roberto Schwarz para outros tempos e espaços
Authors: Fischer Luís Augusto
Published: June 2021

O artigo historia a trajetória inicial da tese das “ideias fora do lugar”, de Roberto Schwarz, com vistas a discutir duas questões que dela são derivadas – primeiro, se a tese teria forças para ser tomada como um paradigma historiográfico, capaz de informar uma história da literatura (no Brasil, mas não só nele); segundo, que limites tem ela, considerando o debate mais recente da historiografia brasileira, que se afasta muito das visões de história do Brasil que animaram a criação schwarziana, em particular a de Caio Prado Júnior. Ao final, procura expor uma síntese da tese original, de um ângulo novo, e outra dos limites que este artigo detecta na tese, os quais contradizem a sua vocação generalizante (“universalizante”) e estão no centro das dificuldades da generalizabilidade das “ideias fora do lugar” para além do século 19 brasileiro.
A fotografia e a performance da história
Authors: Edwards Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Partindo da análise de uma série de fotografias tiradas em expedições da Marinha britânica no Pacífico no final do século XIX, este texto interroga os aspectos teatrais e performativos da fotografia, propondo utilizá-la como um dispositivo heurístico na explora- ção historiográfica. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o quadro fotográfico possui um “efeito elevante” que força as imagens à visibilidade ao mesmo tempo em que cria pontos de fratura que concentram energia semiótica nas bordas da fotografia e tornam o espectador consciente do que está para além da imagem, permitindo, assim, confrontar narrativas históricas generalizantes. O enquadramento também intensifica tensões contidas no próprio ato do fazer fotográfico e permite, pela performance dos corpos dentro da imagem, uma confrontação da narrativa histórica imposta sobre eles (no caso das imagens analisadas, uma narrativa colonial).
[Review] Penny Johnson. Companions in Conflict: Animals in Occupied Palestine. Melville House Publishing, 2019.
Authors: Alloun Esther
Published: June 2021

Animal Studies Journal 2021 10(1): [Review] Penny Johnson. Companions in Conflict: Animals in Occupied Palestine. Melville House Publishing, 2019.
The Covid Pandemic, ‘Pivotal’ Moments, and Persistent Anthropocentrism: Interrogating the (Il)legitimacy of Critical Animal Perspectives
Authors: Arcari Paula
Published: June 2021

Situated alongside, and intertwined with, climate change and the relentless destruction of ‘wild’ nature, the global Covid-19 pandemic should have instigated serious reflection on our profligate use and careless treatment of other animals. Widespread references to ‘pivotal moments’ and the need for a reset in human relations with ‘nature’ appeared promising. However, important questions surrounding the pandemic’s origins and its wider context continue to be ignored and, as a result, this moment has proved anything but pivotal for animals. To explore this disconnect, this paper undertakes an analysis of dominant Covid discourses across key knowledge sites comprising mainstream media, major organizations, academia, and including prominent animal advocacy organizations. Drawing on the core tenets of Critical Animal Studies, the concept of critical animal perspectives is advanced as a way to assess these discourses and explore the illegitimacy of alternative ways of thinking about animals. Broadly, it is found that dominant Covid discourses fail to engage with the mechanisms by which human uses of nature and other animals are justified – specifically binary thinking, the normalization and naturalization of hierarchical categories of use, and the commodification of their lives and bodies – or to specify the nature and scope of practices that need to change. These key sites of knowledge, and also prominent advocacy organizations, thus reflect the illegitimacy of critical animal perspectives while also contributing to their ongoing delegitimation. Exacerbating this situation is the illegitimacy of the animal advocacy movement itself, which is attributed in part to movement factionalism and a diversity of poorly articulated aims. Mainstreaming and normalizing critical perspectives on animals has never been more necessary. Extended beyond academia, critical animal perspectives offer a potentially productive and practical way of approaching this endeavour so that future moments may be truly pivotal for humans and nonhumans alike.
El espejismo de la conciliación: Dificultades y estrategias para la organización de los tiempos cotidianos de las familias con hijos/as en educación primaria en Galicia
Authors: Varela Crespo Laura , Gradaílle Pernas Rita
Published: June 2021

La conciliación de la vida laboral, familiar y personal sigue siendo, en la actualidad y a pesar de los avances experimentados en materia de igualdad, uno de los grandes desafíos para alcanzar el bienestar y la calidad de vida de todos los miembros del hogar. Así, en este estudio se constata que la conjunción de los tiempos familiares, personales y laborales comporta serias dificultades para articular las dinámicas cotidianas, máxime cuando ambos progenitores trabajan y tienen hijos/as menores en edad escolar; una circunstancia que, con frecuencia, les hace recurrir a alguna de las medidas que se promueven en el ámbito laboral para garantizar la conciliación familiar. Acompasar los tiempos de trabajo y los horarios lectivos con los tiempos personales y familiares comporta también hacer uso de otros recursos escolares y comunitarios próximos a los lugares de residencia. Sin embargo, sigue siendo el apoyo de otros familiares el principal soporte para lograr la conciliación. Se concluye que la búsqueda de alternativas al conflicto trabajo-familia y a la organización de los tiempos de la vida cotidiana exige una verdadera corresponsabilidad social, en aras de lograr el bienestar de las personas que integran los núcleos domésticos basándose en los principios de justicia, igualdad y equidad social.
Analisis Neraca Air dan Prasarana Tampungan Air di DAS Ciujung
Authors: Kurniasari Yulia Dwi , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Purwanto Muhammad Yanuar
Published: June 2021

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengembangan wilayah berdampak pada kondisi sumber daya air. Keterbatasan prasarana tampungan air menjadi penyebab pentingnya distribusi sumber daya air secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi neraca air dan prasarana tampungan air yang ada di DAS Ciujung. Metode yang digunakan adalah menghitung kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air, Neraca surplus-defisit, Indeks Pemakaian Air (IPA) dan Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita berdasarkan metode SNI 6728.1.2015 serta indikator tampungan air. Ketersediaan air dihitung berdasarkan debit andalan 80% (Q80). Kebutuhan air dihitung dari kebutuhan rumah tangga, perkotaan, industri (RKI), irigasi, peternakan, perikanan dan pemeliharaan sungai. Prasarana tampungan air dihitung melalui indikator tampungan bangunan konservasi air yang ada. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air di DAS Ciujung sebesar 37,52 m3/detik sedangkan ketersediaan airnya sebesar 36,57 m3/detik. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya defisit air sebesar 0,95 m3/detik. Indeks Pemakaian Air sebesar 1,03 (kategori jelek). Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita sebesar 623,05 (indikasi kelangkaan air). Sedangkan indikator tampungan air sebesar 31,34% (kategori baik).  ABSTRACTThe population growth, the rapid rate of economic growth and regional development will have an impact on the condition of water resources. Limited water storage infrastructure is the importance cause of allocating water resources. The objective of study is to know the water balance and water storage infrastructure in Ciujung Watershed. The analysis methods was used to calculate the amount of water supply and demand, to calculate the surplus-deficit balance, Water Consumption index (IPA), Water Availability Index per Capita refers to SNI 6728.1.2015 and water storage indicator. Water supply calculation based on the mainstay discharge of 80% (Q80). Water demands calculation from the demand of households, cities and industries (RKI), irrigation, livestock, fisheries and river maintenance. Capacity of existing water conservation storage used to predict the water storage infrastructure. The results of analysis show that the water demands in Ciujung Watershed is 37,52 m3/second, while the water supply is 36,57 m3/second. This indicates there is a water deficit of 0,95 m3/second. According to calculation, Water Consumption Index is 1,03 (bad category), It resulted that Water availability index per capita is 623,05 (water scarcity indicator). On the other hand, Indicator for water storage is 31,34% (good category).
Wall-crossing in genus-zero hybrid theory
Authors: Clader Emily , Ross Dustin
Published: June 2021

The hybrid model is the Landau–Ginzburg-type theory that is expected, via the Landau–Ginzburg/ Calabi–Yau correspondence, to match the Gromov–Witten theory of a complete intersection in weighted projective space. We prove a wall-crossing formula exhibiting the dependence of the genus-zero hybrid model on its stability parameter, generalizing the work of [21] for quantum singularity theory and paralleling the work of Ciocan-Fontanine–Kim [7] for quasimaps. This completes the proof of the genus-zero Landau– Ginzburg/Calabi–Yau correspondence for complete intersections of hypersurfaces of the same degree, as well as the proof of the all-genus hybrid wall-crossing [11].
𝔽p2-maximal curves with many automorphisms are Galois-covered by the Hermitian curve
Authors: Bartoli Daniele , Montanucci Maria , Torres Fernando
Published: June 2021

Let 𝔽 be the finite field of orderq2. It is sometimes attributed to Serre that any curve 𝔽-covered by the Hermitian curveHq+1:yq+1=xq+x${{\mathcal{H}}_{q+1}}:{{y}^{q+1}}={{x }^{q}}+x$is also 𝔽-maximal. For prime numbersqwe show that every 𝔽-maximal curvex$\mathcal{x}$of genusg≥ 2 with | Aut(𝒳) | > 84(g− 1) is Galois-covered byHq+1.${{\mathcal{H}}_{q+1}}.$The hypothesis on | Aut(𝒳) | is sharp, since there exists an 𝔽-maximal curvex$\mathcal{x}$forq= 71 of genusg= 7 with | Aut(𝒳) | = 84(7 − 1) which is not Galois-covered by the Hermitian curveH72.${{\mathcal{H}}_{72}}.$
Novel Adaptive Hybrid Discontinuous Galerkin Algorithms for Elliptic Problems
Authors: Shin Dongwook , Hwang Yoongu , Park Eun-Jae
Published: June 2021

In this work, we develop novel adaptive hybrid discontinuous Galerkin algorithms for second-order elliptic problems. For this, two types of reliable and efficient, modulo a data-oscillation term, and fully computable a posteriori error estimators are developed: the first one is a simple residual type error estimator, and the second is a flux reconstruction based error estimator of a guaranteed type for polynomial approximations of any degree by using a simple postprocessing. These estimators can achieve high-order accuracy for both smooth and nonsmooth problems even with high-order approximations. In order to enhance the performance of adaptive algorithms, we introduce𝐾-means clusteringbased marking strategy. The choice of marking parameter is crucial in the performance of the existing strategy such as maximum and bulk criteria; however, the optimal choice is not known. The new strategy has no unknown parameter. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance of the new marking strategy along with our estimators.
Cytokine release by human bone marrow stromal cells isolated from osteoarthritic and diabetic osteoarthritic patients in vitro
Authors: Loh Kar Wai , Shaz Norshazliza , Singh Simmrat , Malliga Raman Murali , Balaji Raghavendran Hanumantha Rao , Kamarul Tunku
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Primary Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of progressive joints degeneration due to idiopathic causes. Recent evidence showed a positive relationship between OA and metabolic syndrome. This pilot study aimed to assess the baseline level of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in OA patients with or without Diabetic Mellitus (DM) and assess the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in cytokine production.

Methods

Patients with primary hip and knee OA were recruited, and 3 mL of bone marrow was harvested during joint replacement surgery. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) was isolated and cultured in a culture flask for three passages. Later experiment was then sub-cultured in a well plate labeled as the control group and H2O2 (0.1 mM) treated group. ProcartaPlex® Multiplex Immunoassay was performed to measure cytokine levels produced by the BMSC at 0 h, as well as 72 h.

Results

Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1β generally exhibited higher cytokine levels in subjects with DM than in nonDM subjects at 0 and 72 h. For IL-17, its expression was similar in nonDM and DM groups at 0 and 72 h. Cytokine IL-10 showed no significant difference in both the groups while DM and nonDM groups treated with H2O2 showed decreased IL-4 levels compared to control groups at 72 h. Bone marrow cells from DM-OA are more vulnerable to chemical insult and are associated with higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines production and lower IL-4 level production.

Conclusions

This study provides a clue that management of OA with co-morbidity like DM needs future studies.
Effect of steel fiber on impact resistance and durability of concrete containing nano-SiO2
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Hongsen , Cui Guo , Yue Xiaodong , Guo Jinjun , Hui David
Published: June 2021

Impact drop weight tests, rapid chloride migration coefficient tests, single-sided freeze–thaw tests, and mechanical property tests were performed to investigate the effect of the steel fiber (SF) content on the impact resistance and durability of concrete containing nano-SiO2 (NS). A fixed NS content of 3% and six SF contents in a range of 0–2.5% by volume were used. The impact resistance was measured based on the number of blows (N1, N2) and the impact energy. The durability of concrete includes its freeze–thaw resistance and chloride ion penetration resistance, which were appraised by the chloride ion diffusion coefficient (CDC) and relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDM), respectively. The ductility ratio was used to predict the impact resistance of concrete containing NS with different SF contents, and a linear relation between this ratio and the impact energy (R
2 = 0.853) was found. The experimental results indicated that SF could greatly improve the impact resistance of concrete. The addition of 2.0% SF increased N1 and N2 by 106 and 169%, respectively. In addition, an appropriate SF content significantly improved the durability of the concrete, including its frost resistance (especially in the middle and late freezing–thawing cycles) and chloride ion penetration resistance. An SF content of 1.5% was the optimum, decreasing the CDC of nano-concrete by 17.1% and minimizing the RDM loss. Moreover, the 1.5% SF content increased the compressive strength of concrete containing NS by 18.5%, whereas an SF content of 2.0% increased the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength by 77 and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, when the SF content exceeded a certain value, the improvement effect on these properties began to decrease and even became negative.
Frontoparietal anodal tDCS reduces ketamine-induced oscillopathies
Authors: Lahogue Caroline , Pinault Didier
Published: June 2021

During the prodromal phase of schizophrenia with its complex and insidious clinical picture, electroencephalographic recordings detect widespread oscillation disturbances (or oscillopathies) during the wake–sleep cycle. Neural oscillations are electrobiomarkers of the connectivity state within systems. A single-systemic administration of ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, transiently reproduces the oscillopathies with a clinical picture reminiscent of the psychosis prodrome. This acute pharmacological model may help the research and development of innovative treatments against psychotic transition. Transcranial electrical stimulation is recognized as an appropriate non-invasive therapeutic modality since it can increase cognitive performance and modulate neural oscillations with little or no side effects. Therefore, our objective was to set up, in the sedated adult rat, a stimulation method that is able to normalize ketamine-induced increase in gamma-frequency (30–80 Hz) oscillations and decrease in sigma-frequency (10–17 Hz) oscillations. Unilateral and bipolar frontoparietal (FP), transcranial anodal stimulation by direct current (<+1 mA) was applied in ketamine-treated rats. A concomitant bilateral electroencephalographic recording of the parietal cortex measured the stimulation effects on its spontaneously occurring oscillations. A 5 min FP anodal tDCS immediately and quickly reduced, significantly with an intensity-effect relationship, the ketamine-induced gamma hyperactivity, and sigma hypoactivity at least in the bilateral parietal cortex. A duration effect was also recorded. The tDCS also tended to diminish the ketamine-induced delta hypoactivity. These preliminary neurophysiological findings are promising for developing a therapeutic proof-of-concept against neuropsychiatric disorders.
Stochastic Model Updating of Bolt-Jointed Structure for Structural Dynamics Applications
Authors: Aziz Syah M.A.S. , Yunus M. A. , Abdul Rani M.N. , Omar R. , Mora Akhil
Published: June 2021

Structural stiffness exerts from joint connections and contact interfaces are significantly affect the dynamic behaviour of the bolt-jointed structure. Randomness in the joint connections due to the manufacturing variability in the identical bolted joints and uncertainty in contact interfaces due to the assambled and reassambled of the joint structure make sets of the dynamic behaviour of the bolt-jointed structure always inconsistent. On this account, a stochastic analytical model needs to be developed for the bolt-jointed structure to be used for uncertain parameters quantification. Hence, this paper is intended to propose an accurate and efficient stochastic analytical modelling of bolt-jointed structure in predicting the dynamic behaviour of the structure due to the randomness in the joint connections and uncertainty in contact interfaces. The aim of the study was accomplished by investigating four different finite element (FE) models of bolt-jointed structure with different element connectors to represent the bolted joints connections, namely rigid element (RBE), beam element (CBEAM), and 2 types of spring elements namely CELAS and CBUSH. Stochastic modelling was conducted by coupled the appropriate FE models with Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) algorithm to provide variability sampling due to the randomness in the bolted joints. The experimental modal analysis was performed by reassembled and disassembled the bolted joints to extract the variability in the dynamic behaviour, and the results were compared with LHS using statistical characteristics. Stochastic model updating then was used to minimise the discrepancies between experimental result and predicted model. The result has shown that the CBUSH is the most appropriate connector to accurately predict the dynamic behaviour of the bolt-jointed structure under variability conditions using the stochastic model updating method.
leyenda de Izz Al Din Al Qassam y su influencia en la insurgencia palestina
Authors: Caretti Gonzalo
Published: June 2021

Dentro de la cultura de insurgencia armada en Palestina, la figura del clérigo Izz Al Din Al Qassam (Siria, 1883 - Palestina, 1935) es una de las más mitificadas. Líder de una revuelta armada en 1935 contra las autoridades del Mandato británico que duró a apenas veinte días, su imagen ha tenido un importante impacto en los movimientos políticos y armados posteriores y en la tradición oral de la zona. Al Qassam ha sido, desde su muerte, un habitual elemento movilizador en la cultura de resistencia contra la ocupación.  Éste artículo analiza, a través de fuentes bibliográficas y archivísticas, una revisión crítica de su figura y el cómo la leyenda ha influido en las visiones actuales sobre él.
cooperación educativa no universitaria entre España y Marruecos
Authors: Zebda Siham
Published: June 2021

La cooperación educativa no universitaria ocupa un lugar importante en la agenda bilateral hispano-marroquí como lo refleja su tratamiento  en las once Reuniones de Alto Nivel celebradas entre España y Marruecos así como por los convenios y tratados firmados entre ambas partes. Esta cooperación se concreta en el Programa de  Enseñanza de la Lengua Árabe y la Cultura Marroquí (LACM) en los colegios españoles y en la enseñanza del español en Marruecos, tanto en el marco del sistema educativo nacional marroquí como en la red de  centros educativos españoles en Marruecos. En este trabajo pretendemos realizar una radiografía de esta cooperación haciendo un balance de los diferentes programas y propuestas recogidas en las Reuniones de Alto Nivel.
Connection performance examination of a new bamboo-oriented strand board connector
Authors: Xu Runmin , Zhang Kaiting , Ren Linyan , Wang Fuli , Zhu Zhenzhen , Zhang Tingting , Liu Shengquan , Fang Yelong , Guo Yong , Chen Yuxia
Published: June 2021

Bamboo-oriented strand board (BOSB) with superior physical properties can be used in the furniture industry to alleviate wood shortages. Two types of plug-in connectors were designed in this paper: a splint-type connector and V-type connector. By cantilever bending, corner tension, and compression tests of L-type corner joints of BOSB and wood-oriented strand board (WOSB), the connection performance of the new connectors and six typical connectors was compared. The new connectors function like clamps, do not require that a screw or bolt pass into or through the board, and can be assembled repeatedly. The V-type connectors were more suitable for BOSB, and the joints exhibited the highest ultimate bending moment values (133.9 N·m, 86.8 N·m, 117.7 N·m). The splint connectors were more suitable for WOSB and their ultimate bending moment values (57.1 N·m, 45.3 N·m, 61.3 N·m) were greater than the joints fixed by V-type connectors (50.4 N·m, 35.4 N·m, 46.1 N·m). The results revealed that the connector performance affects the joint strength and that different plates were suitable for different connectors. A joint failure analysis revealed two simple failure modes for the two new connectors.
The influence of compost and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on sugarcane growth and nutrient uptake
Authors: Mattos Abreu Gustavo , Bobadilha Gabrielly dos Santos , Guirardi Bruna Duque , Mattos Abreu Phillipe , Oliviera Naelmo de Souza , Schiavo Jolimar Antonio , Mohammadi-Aragh Maryam K.
Published: June 2021

Compost and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are environmentally sustainable and low-cost materials that can benefit tropical soils with high phosphorus fixation and low organic matter content. This study investigated the effects of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and compost on the growth and nutrient uptake efficiency of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) seedlings. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial design, where factor A (n = 5) was the compost doses (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 t ha-1) and B (n = 3) the AMF inoculum (Rhizophagus clarus, Gigaspora margarita, and non-inoculated). At 30 and 90 d, seedlings’ diameter and height were measured. Mycorrhizal colonization rate, biomass production, nutrient uptake (P and N), and mycorrhizal dependency were assessed at the end of the experiment. The AMF and compost doses affected the colonization rate, initial growth, biomass production, and nutrient uptake of sugarcane seedlings. Overall, the AMF benefited plant growth at lower doses of compost. R. clarus had a higher impact on the shoot diameter of sugarcane seedlings. Mycorrhizal colonization increased with compost addition only in seedlings inoculated with G. margarita. There was no clear trend among AMF treatments for nutrient uptake. In general, sugarcane seedlings dependency on mycorrhizal condition to produce growth was higher at lower compost doses.