bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights on solanaceous resistance against tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta), with emphasis on chemical compounds useful in integrated pest management
Authors: CICEOI Roxana , IORDĂCHESCU Mihaela , UDRIȘTE Anca A. , BĂDULESCU Liliana A.
Published: December 2021

For integrated pest management (IPM) and organic farming, breeding resistant varieties is one of the most eco-friendly approaches, that goes along botanicals and other different cultural practices, as the use of companion plants. Among the many pest species that invaded the whole world in the last decades, one of the most frightening is the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a devastating pest of cultivated tomato worldwide. Tomato is one of the most important agricultural commodities, including the main mean of subsistence in many countries from Africa and middle East. As chemical pesticides failed to control de pest spread and led to many reports of resistant populations, alternative methods for tomato leafminer management must be quickly developed. Many of such alternatives count on a wide range of chemical compounds. The chemical compounds most often responsible for “constitutive resistance”, synthetized by tomato are methyl-ketones (2-tridecanone), sesquiterpenes (zingiberene), and acyl sugars (acylglucose and acylsucrose) while the chemical compounds produced by other plants, used as isolated substances or mixtures, which have antifeedant, growth inhibiting, repellent, and insecticide effects, are azadirachtin, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, citronellal, eugenol, linalool, nicotine, pyrethrin, rotenone, thujone, thymol, α-terpineol, 1.8-cineol, etc. Many of them are already commercially available but their efficacy and use differ widely. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the resistance mechanism of solanaceous species related to chemical compounds and substances important for IPM plans developed against T. absoluta is required by the breeding programs.
Género y Derecho a la Comunicación: la (in)visibilidad de los discursos feministas en la esfera pública contemporánea
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, SOUSA Janara , SCHEIDWEILER Gerson ,   Grupo de Pesquisa Internet e Direitos Humanos, Faculdade de Comunicação (FAC/UnB)
Published: December 2021

Este artículo discute cómo la producción de los discursos feministas hacia límites periféricos en la esfera pública constituye un instrumento de dominación que perjudica el potencial de influencia de los movimientos de mujeres ante la opinión pública. Para ello movilizamos, con base en la bibliografía consultada, las críticas a la generalización de la "esfera pública" habermasiana, demostrando la existencia de diferentes "públicos" y sus distintas condiciones de influencia discursiva. A continuación, a través de la investigación documental, analizamos los planes de acción de las cuatro Conferencias Mundiales de Mujeres ocurridas en el marco de las Naciones Unidas, demostrando cómo las mujeres pasaron a ver en el derecho a la comunicación el mecanismo de resistencia necesario para su fortalecimiento simbólico.
Bolsonarismo e o homo delinquens
Authors:   UFRN, PATRICIO DE MELO CARDOSO Ana , ARAÚJO DANTAS Alexsandro ,   UFRN, GOMES DA SILVA Patricia ,   UFRN
Published: December 2021

O bolsonarismo, sem ressalvas, se constitui e se delineia como uma opinião baseada em linchamentos digitais, insultos e desrespeito. Motivado pela influência desse fenômeno político e comunicacional brasileiro, este artigo apresenta uma reflexão ensaística sobre o tema, estimulada pela entrada em um grupo público do WhatsApp denominado Direita do Rio Grande do Norte, formado por apoiadores do então presidente do Brasil, Jair Messias Bolsonaro (sem partido). No campo, ou o silêncio foi nossa principal ferramenta, pois, pode ser feito qualquer comentário ou alerta que sensibilize os limites da opinião bolonarista. Dessa forma, salientemos ou contagio sem contato que caracteriza a sociedade atual, na qual ela se expressa ou Homo delinquens.
El subsuelo de lo político: Sustratos sociales, culturales, comunicacionales y tecnológicos de la acción colectiva en América Latina en el siglo XXI
Authors:   Universidad de Bielefeld-Alemania, VILLARREAL VELÁSQUEZ José , RESCHER Gilberto ,   Universidad de Hamburgo-Alemania
Published: December 2021

Con este dossier nos proponemos contribuir a las discusiones actuales sobre la configuración de lo político en América Latina. Buscamos discutir, desde las ciencias sociales, aquellos “enigmas” relacionados a las lógicas culturales, sociales, comunicacionales y tecnológicas del acontecer político y su fundamento en los respectivos sistemas de saber enraizados en los muy diversos actores que son partícipes de los procesos políticos contemporáneos. Nos inspiramos en la noción el subsuelo político desarrollada por el filósofo boliviano Luis Tapia (2008) y, haciendo una pequeña variación, proponemos el subsuelo de lo político como una categoría de análisis, y no como un objeto de estudio. Como una categoría de análisis histórica, social y política, el subsuelo de lo político sirve para entender, desde una perspectiva transdisciplinaria y multidimensional, las diversas formas de interacción a través de las cuales se (de)construyen las fronteras entre lo social y la política. Desde el subsuelo de lo político pretendemos comprender cómo los elementos culturales, comunicacionales, espaciales y tecnológicos fluyen, se articulan (bajo distintas formas y escalas), adquieren sentido e integran un sustrato —nunca fijo— del que se alimentan los procesos y las dinámicas de movilización social y societal. Estas dinámicas, impulsadas por grupos, movimientos y actores muchas veces representados como marginales o minoritarios, pero presentes durante las dos últimas décadas en la región latinoamericana, son el centro de atención de este dossier.
¿Jugamos o gamificamos? Diseño y evaluación de experiencia formativa para la mejora de las competencias digitales del profesorado universitario
Authors: Martín-Párraga Lorena , Palacios-Rodríguez Antonio , Gallego-Pérez Óscar Manuel
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años, estudios realizados en el ámbito educativo concluyen que la gamificación ofrece numerosas ventajas tanto para los profesores como para los estudiantes. En este sentido, este enfoque es trabajado en la universidad para desarrollar habilidades necesarias para el futuro profesional del alumnado, así como aumentar su compromiso en las asignaturas. En consecuencia, la formación diseñada y seleccionada para los docentes es fundamental para una sesión gamificada exitosa. El objetivo general de esta investigación es presentar una experiencia formativa llevada a cabo en una universidad latinoamericana y comprobar la percepción sobre ésta. Es decir, si la gamificación es de utilidad para el profesorado universitario participante. Para ello, se utilizan dos tipos de diseños: descriptivo y validación mediante ecuaciones estructurales (PLS) de la escala para evaluar el grado de aceptación a la metodología gamificadora en base al modelo TAM. Los resultados demuestran la adecuación de la propuesta formativa basada en la gamificación para docentes universitarios. Los 114 participantes perciben la incorporación de la metodología gamificadora como una estrategia adecuada, destacando sobre otras dimensiones de la misma la facilidad de uso en el aula, la aceptación de su integración, la transformación del interés por el aprendizaje, y el mostrar una actitud positiva hacia su uso en el futuro. Conjuntamente, el nivel de aceptación en lo que a la validación del modelo TAM se refiere es alto. Por último, se valora la posibilidad de replicar el modelo en investigaciones similares o a través de las denominadas tecnologías emergentes.
Monitoreo de aprendizajes en escuelas públicas chilenas en contexto COVID-19.
Authors: Leiva-Guerrero María Verónica , Sanhueza-Mansilla Jimena Ivonne , Soto-Calderón María Paz , Muñoz-Lameles María Eliana
Published: December 2021

En el actual contexto de pandemia se ha condicionado la escolaridad, rompiendo con las pautas cotidianas de las escuelas y comprometiendo alternativas paliativas para la puesta en marcha, especialmente las relativas a la evaluación. Las escuelas se ven desafiadas a un seguimiento dimanado del Ministerio de Educación, como la Priorización curricular y los nuevos escenarios de aprendizaje en casa. En este contexto resulta de gran interés analizar cómo incorporar el proceso de monitoreo y evaluación de aprendizajes en clases no presenciales durante la pandemia en Chile, estableciéndose como objetivo analizar el proceso de monitoreo de aprendizajes en las escuelas públicas de Chile. Se han seleccionado 50 escuelas públicas, que son parte del programa Sumo Primero en Terreno ejecutado por el Ministerio de Educación (MINEDUC) y la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV). La metodología de tipo cualitativa, se basa en entrevistas en profundidad a los equipos directivos de estas escuelas. Como conclusiones más relevantes está la diversidad de concepciones y finalidades del monitoreo que tienen los directivos, la sistematicidad del mismo en su frecuencia y en las herramientas para llevarlo a cabo, la concentración de la comunicación en el uso de los medios de comunicación WhatsApp, teléfono, mail y redes sociales, así como las dificultades para sistematizar fórmulas que atiendan a la variedad y singularidad de todos y cada uno de sus estudiantes.
Estudio motivacional sobre el aprendizaje de la religión en Educación Básica mediante TIC
Authors: Olivares Rosado Justo , López-Cobo Isabel , Conde-Jiménez Jesús
Published: December 2021

La motivación es un aspecto que sirve de motor para despertar el interés en asimilar una unidad curricular en particular. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las causas que provocan desmotivación en los estudiantes de Educación General Básica (EGB) de una institución educativa religiosa modelo y su influencia en el interés por aprender sobre religión, a los fines de incorporar las TIC como estrategia motivacional de enseñanza. Metodológicamente, se trata de una pesquisa bajo el paradigma positivista de carácter no experimental, ex post facto y transversal, de naturaleza descriptiva y causal, con un diseño documental y de campo. El tipo y nivel de profundidad del estudio es descriptivo y explicativo-correlacional en el que participó una muestra de 268 estudiantes y 8 docentes de religión. Se diseñaron dos tipos de cuestionarios, uno dirigido a estudiantes y otro a docentes. La hipótesis consistió en verificar si a mayor motivación y satisfacción del estudiantado, mayor aprendizaje de la religión en Educación Básica. Los resultados evidencian la presencia de un bajo nivel de motivación y satisfacción en los estudiantes a causa de deficiencias en el ambiente de aprendizaje, así como uso de metodologías de enseñanza tradicionales que limitan la participación activa del aprendiz. Se resalta la necesidad de aplicar metodologías alternativas que incorpore las TIC para incrementar la motivación estudiantil, y, por ende, el rendimiento académico.
[RETRACTED] Botanical Farms CBD Gummies Reviews – 100% Ingredients, Price, Complaints and Shocking Results! v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: December 2021

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[RETRACTED] Test Doc for Spam v1
Authors: Ganley Emma
Published: December 2021

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Mass media contra bandolers:
Authors: Valsalobre Pep
Published: December 2021

El pliego en catalán publicado en Barcelona en 1634 sobre el malhechor, Joan Sala, alias Serrallonga –el último en lengua catalana de temática bandolera–, nos permite observar la distinta visión que se ofrece de la figura del bandido en función de la lengua de publicación, que es como decir del destinatario, y, en último término, del objetivo del promotor.
Los pliegos poéticos en catalán, propiciados o al menos controlados por las autoridades y dirigidos a un público inmerso en el fenómeno del bandolerismo, no se permiten expresión alguna de simpatía por el bandido. A diferencia de los pliegos impresos en castellano en Barcelona en 1633 con motivo de la captura de Serrallonga o del estampado en Madrid en 1635, en el de 1634 no se refleja ningún tipo de elogio. Los pliegos castellanos, en cambio, sea porque se dirigen a un público distinto en Cataluña de aquel que recibía el impreso catalán, sea porque se publican en Barcelona para ser exportados fuera del territorio catalán, inician una línea de creciente idealización del bandolero, paralela en parte a la de la literatura culta barroca.
En el Apéndice I se edita el texto del pliego catalán de 1634. Y en el Apéndice II se reflexiona sobre las circunstancias de la captura del bandolero el 31 de octubre de 1633.
Trends for sustainable development of ecomobility transportation systems
Authors: Chechenova Liana Muhamedovna , Volykhina Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

Background: Nowadays, the transport industry faces unconventional challenges such as the need to modify the transport service and reduce dependence on resource leverage. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the decline in business activity associated with the pandemic crisis and, as a result, the drop in demand and prices for hydrocarbon fuel in the medium term until the end of the crisis. Also, the implementation of a forward-looking transport policy has a close relationship with the economic category of time, since the value of time, converted into speed, shifts the emphasis of value from the initial price of the purchased transport service to the total cost of owning it. The railway transport system of the Russian Federation, as one of the leaders of the world transport system, has every opportunity to actively participate in global restructuring in response to the global climate and environmental crises.
Aim: Determination of the relationship between the adoption of a sustainable development policy and the effectiveness of the implementation of projects for the development of backbone infrastructure in Russia. We confirm that the activities of transport companies within the framework of the established sustainable development goals (hereinafter referred to as ESG Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance) contributes to the improvement of their operational activity.
Methods: The research methodology is based on the analysis of international approaches and assessment criteria for ESG factors using analytical procedures to identify cause-and-effect relationships of the strategy for the development of railway transport in the Russian Federation within the framework of ESG. The information base of the study is based on an analysis of reports from international organizations and data from JSC Russian Railways in terms of funding, expected prospects and effects.
Results: as a result of the study, the conditions for the transformation of the sustainable development of railway transport systems in the world and in the Russian Federation were determined against the background of changes in the geography and structure of commodity markets, favorable prospects were established from the direct participation of business in the implementation and implementation of the goals and objectives of sustainable development.
Conclusion: on the basis of the study, an assessment was made of the benchmarks of JSC Russian Railways in the sustainable development strategy. In order to implement environmental infrastructure projects, the parameters of the compliance of the strategy for the development of railway transport in Russia with the goals of sustainable growth have been established.
Structural and logical model of transport cluster
Authors: Kvitko Katerina B.
Published: December 2021

Background: Transport clustering, being a cooperation of enterprises of the same territory to consolidate resources to improve the quality of transport and logistics services, to improve the quality of infrastructure, to ensure the growth of transport accessibility of the territory, is one of the drivers of economic growth of the territory. Therefore, the question of forming a mechanism for creating a transport cluster (TС) is relevant, the first stage of which is the TLC model.
Aim: creation of a structural and logical model of a transport and logistics cluster, the implementation of which will allow the creation of a TC in any territory with a high transport and transit potential.
Methods: Based on the research, generalization and analysis of the works of domestic and foreign researchers in the field of transport clustering and regulations, laws and strategic documents, the definitions of the concepts of the components of the TLC were clarified, the main and auxiliary participants of the cluster were identified, their functional relationships were identified, the requirements for the infrastructure of the TC were determined, the effect of the activity of the TC for the participants and for the territory on which the cluster is located was revealed.
Results: The result of the study is a structural and logical model of the transport cluster.
Conclusions: The obtained structural and logical model of the transport cluster allows the development of transport clustering in the Russian Federation, since it is a universal tool for creating a TC for any territory with a high transport and transit potential
Ortaokul ve Lise Öğrencilerinin Matematiksel Kavram Yanılgılarına Yönelik Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi
Authors: YILDIZ Bahadır , DEMİRCİ Gülsen , AKDENİZ Koray , GALİÇ Selen , GÜNEŞ Selin , KAVUNCU Tuba , MAYAN YILDIZ Tuğçe , OZANSAK TOPCU Yeşim
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de 2014-2020 yılları arasında 5-12. sınıf düzeyindeki matematiksel kavram yanılgılarına yönelik yürütülen çalışmaların sistematik olarak derlenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda incelenen çalışmaların konu alanı ve yöntemsel eğilimleri belirlenmiştir. İlgili alan yazın ERIC, Web of Science, Science Direct, Dergipark ve Ulusal Tez Merkezi olmak üzere beş farklı veri tabanı üzerinden taranmıştır. Alan yazın taraması araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen veri arama protokolüne göre yapılmış ve veriler Yayın Sınıflama Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Sistematik derleme için dahil etme kriterlerine göre seçilen 46 çalışma bu araştırmanın verilerini oluşturmaktadır. Matematiksel kavram yanılgısı çalışmalarının konu alanı eğilimleri incelendiğinde çalışmaların lise kademesine kıyasla ortaokul kademesinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca lise kademesinde en fazla çalışmanın sayılar ve cebir öğrenme alanında yapıldığı görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde ortaokul kademesinde çalışmaların sayılar ve işlemler ile cebir öğrenme alanlarında yoğunluk gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmaların yöntemsel eğilimleri incelendiğinde ise nitel yöntemlerin nicel yöntemlere kıyasla daha fazla kullanıldığı görülmüştür. İncelenen çalışmaların veri toplama araçlarında ise ağırlıklı olarak açık uçlu sorular içeren başarı testlerinin kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
The rationality behind performance of routine lumber puncture in simple febrile seizure in 6-18 months old children
Authors: Ali Sarful , Datta Kalpana , Karmakar Balai Chandra
Published: December 2021

Background: Pediatrics seizures can be either due to febrile seizure or underlying serious infection such as meningitis. It is important to rule out meningitis in children presenting with fever and seizure. The aim of the study was conducted to assess the necessity of routine lumber puncture and to determine the incidence of meningitis among children aged 6 to 18 months presenting with first episode of febrile seizure.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted among 47 children with first episode of simple febrile seizure presenting to emergency in Medical College Kolkata, West Bengal from April 2018 to September 2019.Results: Total 47 children were studied among 32 (68%) children were between 6-12 months and 15 (32%) were between 12-18 months of age. Only 1 child (2.1%) diagnosed as meningitis. Clinically 7 children (14.9%) showed signs of sepsis and meningitis like picture and 6 children (12.8%) were in 6-12 months of age and only 1 child (2.1%) was in 12-18month of age. Only 1 child in 6-12 months of age showed CSF positive and all other CSF studies were within normal limit. A significant association was seen between age group and hyponatremia and family history of febrile seizure (p<0.05). There was no statically significant between clinical diagnosis and CSF results (p=0.15).Conclusions: The risk of meningitis in children presenting with simple febrile seizure between 6-18 months of age is very low, specially in 12-18 months of age. Therefore, current guidelines regarding lumber puncture in simple febrile seizure should be reconsidered.
A cross sectional study to evaluate the clinical presentation in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Sood Ambika , Kumar Pancham , Sharma Rakesh , Sharma Deepak , Sharma Sanya
Published: December 2021

Background: MIS-C as a disease has varied symptoms and signs that affect multiple organs and systems in the body. The present study aimed to describe the clinical presentation among children admitted as a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla.Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study of children with MIS-C from January to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla in Himachal Pradesh. All children admitted with a diagnosis of MISC were included in the study. Data regarding clinical presentation was extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software.Results: In the present study, a total of 31 children diagnosed and admitted as a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) were included. Mean age of these children was 7.12±4.78 years. Among the total 16 (51.6%) were males while 15 (48.4%) were females. All 31 patients had presented with fever and 13 (41.9%) patients had fever with rash. 5 (16.1%) had cough, 1 (3.2%) child presented with hematemesis, 18 (58.1%) had tachypnea at presentation and 15 (48.4%) patients had respiratory distress. 16 (51.6%) children had complaints of vomiting, 1 (3.2%) presented with bleeding diathesis and 12 (38.7%) had hematuria, 5 (16.1%) had seizures and 8 (25.8%) presented with encephalopathy. 19 (61.3%) children had hypotension, 15 (48.4%) had hepatomegaly and 15 (48.4%) had splenomegaly.Conclusions: It is very essential to characterize this syndrome to fully understand its spectrum, therefore we need to be continuously watchful for its varied clinical presentations, both for ensuring an early diagnosis and treatment of patients suffering from MIS-C.
Prevalence and determinants of digital eye strain among school children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Simon Catherine , Paul Shalet
Published: December 2021

Background: Digital eye strain (DES) is an emerging public health problem due to continuous exposure to electronic gadgets and digital devices for educational, occupational or entertainment purposes, especially during this COVID-19 pandemic. Children are more vulnerable to DES, as they continue to attend online classes but are unaware of early symptoms of DES and do not complain till their vision deteriorates. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of DES among school children during this pandemic.Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 176 school children aged 12-16 years, studying in 8th, 9th and 10th standards of a randomly selected school in Kollam district of Kerala, using the validated computer vision syndrome questionnaire (CVSQ), sent online via Google form to parents/guardians for recording their children’s pattern of digital device usage and DES symptoms.Results: The prevalence of DES among school children was 29.5%. Their commonest symptom was headache (n=125, 69.9%). The smartphone was the most commonly used digital device (n=159, 93.5%). The independent risk factors of DES were the preferred use of smart phone (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.846; 95% CI=1.371-5.906; p=0.005) and viewing distance of digital device <18 inches (AOR=2.762; 95% CI=1.331-5.731; p=0.006).Conclusions: This study has highlighted some of the risk factors associated with DES. A concerted effort is needed to raise awareness about DES by experts in the health and education sectors, along with parents and teachers, so that digital device use among children can be optimised.
An observational and cross-sectional study on drug utilization pattern in the ophthalmology out-patient department of a tertiary care center of Bihar
Authors: Pandit Mrityunjay Kumar , Gaurav Kumar , Kumar Jeetendra
Published: December 2021

Making affordable drugs accessible to all strata of society is an inevitable part of health care. This situation makes Drug Utilization Study inevitable. With this background, the current study was planned to obtain knowledge on the prescribing pattern and drug utilization trend in ophthalmology department at a tertiary care teaching hospital with ultimate goal to promote rational use of drugs among prescribers.

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Prior to the initiation of the study, clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Study period was between March 2021 and August 2021. Prescriptions of 550 patients who were treated during the course of the study were surveyed prospectively by using a specially designed form. The WHO drug use indicators like prescribing indicators and patient care indicators were determined

The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.6, ranging from 0-7 drugs. The dosage forms, the frequency of administration and duration of treatment of the drugs were recorded for 99.9% of the prescriptions given. This analysis of the prescriptions showed that 93.8% of the prescriptions were written in the form of various trade names. Antibiotics were prescribed in 52.5% of the prescriptions.

The present study revealed certain lacunae in the prescribing practices of the Ophthalmologists at the selected institute and this is evident by the low generic prescribing in many prescriptions.
El futuro del trabajo en América Latina y el Caribe: ¿cuáles son las tendencias en educación postsecundaria?
Authors: Arias Ortiz Elena , Cruz-Aguayo Yyannu , Prada María Fernanda
Published: December 2021

La transformación tecnológica está redefiniendo la demanda de habilidades en el mercado de trabajo. Como resultado, cada vez es más necesario flexibilizar y agilizar los sistemas de formación. Este fenómeno ha derivado en el surgimiento de nuevas alternativas a en el mercado de la educación postsecundaria, incluyendo los cursos masivos abiertos en línea o MOOCs, las universidades corporativas y los bootcamps, entre otras. Aunado a esto, la pandemia del COVID-19 también ha tenido importantes consecuencias en la formación de habilidades. La crisis ha impactado de forma negativa en la matrícula de los programas tradicionales de educación superior, aumentando las brechas de acceso a este tipo de servicios. Por otro lado, la suspensión de actividades presenciales aceleró la transformación digital de las instituciones de educación postsecundaria, que ahora ponen el foco en modalidades de enseñanza en remoto o híbridas que alternan actividades presenciales con formación a distancia mediada por la tecnología. Ante este panorama, ¿desaparecerán los modelos educativos y de formación de habilidades tal y como los conocemos? ¿Se consolidará de forma permanente la educación híbrida? ¿Contribuirá la tecnología a reducir las brechas digitales existentes? Esta novena entrega de la serie “El futuro del trabajo en América Latina y el Caribe” busca responder a estos y otros interrogantes, al tiempo que presenta una serie de acciones y políticas para asegurar que la masificación de la educación en remoto se traduzca en oportunidades para todos los ciudadanos.
Visão Baseada em Recursos no Contexto de Clusters Industriais: Um Estudo em Empresas de Desenvolvimento de Software
Authors: Bezerra Maria Clara Cunha , Tavares Maryana Scoralick De Almeida , Gohr Cláudia Fabiana
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo identificar e avaliar os recursos internos e externos presentes em duas empresas inseridas em um cluster de software no Estado da Paraíba e analisar seus impactos na vantagem competitiva das empresas. A abordagem teórica adotada foi a visão baseada em recurso (VBR), bem como a literatura sobre clusters industriais. Para o alcance desse objetivo, utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa em profundidade, através da utilização do método estudo de caso. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de análise que foi aplicado nas duas empresas que fazem parte do cluster em investigação. Como resultados, foram identificaram 22 recursos internos (classificados em recursos físicos, humanos, organizacionais e financeiros) e 17 recursos externos (classificados em sistêmicos e de acesso restrito) que foram avaliados para verificar o impacto na vantagem competitiva das empresas estudadas. Destes, verificou-se que algumas certificações e investimentos em projetos e editais (recursos internos), bem como aprendizagem coletiva e programa de exportação (recursos externos), são os que contribuem significativamente para a vantagem competitiva das empresas em investigação. A análise desenvolvida no artigo apresenta algumas contribuições especialmente para guiar os tomadores de decisão em relação a como utilizar seus recursos internos e externos de modo a alcançar uma vantagem competitiva.
Influência do foco Regulatório Crônico e Consciência Ecológica no Consumo Consciente de água
Authors: Do Nascimento Ana Clara Lira , Campos Patrícia de Oliveira , Da Costa Marconi Freitas
Published: December 2021

O aumento do consumo da água aliado à sua escassez tem provocado reflexões acerca de sua manutenção para as próximas gerações. Nesse sentido, atenta-se para a necessidade da adoção de um consumo consciente deste recurso. Sabe-se que diferentes fatores, como as metas, a disposição para alcançá-las e a consciência ecológica, podem atuar como preditores a esse comportamento responsável. Assim, o presente estudo buscou analisar a influência da consciência ecológica e do foco regulatório crônico dos indivíduos no consumo consciente de água no Agreste de Pernambuco - região com problemas de disponibilidade hídrica. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, com dados obtidos mediante survey online, resultando em uma amostra de 179 respondentes válidos. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado por meio dos softwares SPSS e AMOS, sendo o teste das hipóteses baseado na modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados encontrados apontam que os consumidores da região apresentam forte inclinação ao consumo consciente da água e revela-se a influência positiva da consciência ecológica neste consumo. Além disso, sinaliza-se uma relação positiva entre o foco em promoção e o consumo consciente de água. No entanto, não foi identificada relação entre esse comportamento e o foco regulatório crônico para prevenção. Esses achados podem ser explicados pelo fato de aspectos externos, como a quantidade e qualidade da água, atuarem no processo de decisão de forma mais contundente. Conclui-se que a disposição ao comportamento consciente possivelmente está relacionada à obtenção de ganhos imediatos. Portanto, evidencia-se que políticas públicas conservadoras poderão não ter eficácia para conscientização holística quanto ao uso desse recurso.
Gênero e Construcionismo Social: Os Desafios das Mulheres na Tecnologia da Informação
Authors: Bacelar Ananda Silveira , Campos Alyce Cardoso , Santos Lauriene Teixeira , Nascimento Thaísa Barcellos Pinheiro do , Rezende Daniel Carvalho de
Published: December 2021

A atuação feminina no mercado de trabalho tem sido limitada por construções sociais. Sob tal perspectiva, o estudo teve como objetivo compreender os desafios enfrentados pelas mulheres na área de Tecnologia da Informação. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual foram efetuadas dezenove entrevistas, a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado, procedendo com análise de conteúdo. As principais adversidades relatadas foram: falta de representatividade e de reconhecimento das opiniões femininas, dificuldade de interação com os colegas, assédio e preconceito. Ademais, foi identificada uma valorização dos ‘atributos’ considerados naturalmente femininos. O estudo contribui para a compreensão das relações de gênero que se estabelecem em um ambiente laboral masculinizado, bem como as estratégias e resistências demonstradas pelas mulheres para imergir nesse contexto.
Respuesta del ñame espino a diferentes densidades de siembra y altura de espalderas
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia, Tamara Morelos Ricardo Enrique , Luna Castellanos Lily Lorena ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia, Espitia Montes Amaury Aroldo ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia, Novoa Yanez Rafael Segundo ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia, Regino Hernández Sol Mara ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia, De la Ossa Albis Víctor Alfonso ,   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Córdoba Colombia
Published: December 2021

The tubers of spiny yam are one of the main food sources for producers in the Caribbean region of Colombia. However, the productivity of the crop is low due to the scarce use of sustainable management practices that contribute to its improvement. In this sense, a study was conducted at the Turipaná Research Center of Agrosavia, El Carmen de Bolívar, with the objective of evaluating the response in yield of purple stalk hawthorn yam cv. purple stalk to different planting densities and trellis heights. Six treatments were evaluated in a randomized complete block experimental design with a split plot arrangement, the main plot corresponded to two densities (14,285 plants ha-1 and 20,000 plants ha-1) and the subplots to three trellis heights (1.6 m; 2.0 m and 2.4 m). Planting density was the only factor that significantly influenced yield; the use of 20,000 plants ha-1 increased yield by 28.68% compared to the lowest density. The use of supports with heights of 2.4 m in combination with either of the two planting densities induced the production of tubers unsuitable for commercialization. The findings of this research suggest that increasing plant density could be a safe measure to increase yields and economic efficiency in the cultivation of hawthorn yam. Future evaluations are needed on stand height and number of plants to tie per stand.
Efecto de la duración de cópula en la respuesta ovulatoria y tasa de preñez en alpacas
Authors: Urviola Sánchez Jesús Martín , Hilasaca Mamani Madeley Gladys , Rodríguez Huanca Francisco Halley , Leyva Vallejos Víctor Raúl
Published: December 2021

An experiment was carried out at the Experimental Center La Raya-Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno, to determine the effect of copulation duration on ovulation and pregnancy in alpacas. 47 adult females were used (postpartum time ≥ 20 days and presence of a follicle ≥ 7 mm) distributed in three groups, according to copulation time: 20, 35 and 50 min, for G1 (n = 15), G2 (n = 16) and G3 (n = 16), respectively. For the mating, 6 reproducers of proven fertility were used, interrupting the copulation at the established time. Ovulation and pregnancy rates were evaluated on days 7 and 30 post service respectively (by ultrasound and receptivity of the female), the data were analyzed using X2 and simple correspondence. Both the ovulation rate (G1: 73.33%, G2: 81.25% and G3: 81.25%); and pregnancy (G1: 53.33%, G2: 81.25% and G3: 75%) were not different (P> 0.05). Pregnancy rates between G1 and G2 tended to be different (P <0.10), consistent with the simple correspondence analysis. Despite there being no differences in ovulation and pregnancy rates, there was a higher percentage trend in G2 and G3, suggesting that the longer duration of mating would have some positive effect on them, according to the simple correspondence analysis, and the trend of low significance (P <0.10) in favor of pregnancy in G2 compared to G1. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in the effect of copulation duration on ovulation; however, there was a 90% trend for the difference between mating duration of 35 minutes versus 20 minutes (in pregnancy).
Censo de aves acuáticas y conservación de humedales en las vertientes altoandinas del Perú
Authors: Pulido Capurro Victor , Málaga Arenas Ernesto , Velarde Falconí David , Cano Coa Dominga Micaela , Olivera Carhuaz Edith , Acevedo Flores Jessica
Published: December 2021

The experience of waterbird censuses in Peru started at the beginning of Century XXth with this kind of censuses made by the Peruvian Guano Company and then by IMARPE. Between 1992 and 2016, annual censuses have been conducted in 61 wetlands on 12 Peruvian departments, a total of 151 residents and migratories birds were registered. Censuses have contributed greatly to improve species of waterbirds knowledge and synergies among institutions and ornithologist that through volunteerism collect important data to the conservation of species and wetland management with particular reference to the high Andean slopes. The taxonomic composition of the species, the importance of the inventories, the migration routes of birds from the Nearctic, Austral and high Andean regions, and the protected areas in the conservation of wetlands and biodiversity are analyzed. The aim of this paper is to make a historical account of the censuses and their contribution to the knowledge of waterbirds carried out in the last three decades with special reference to the conservation of wetlands in the Andean slopes in Peru.
Facadism: An Approach for Spatial Reconfiguration
Authors: Al-Hinkawi Wahda Shuker , Hasan Nada Abdulmueen , Zedan Shireen Kamel
Published: December 2021

Baghdad’s historical center is a rich site of heritage and cultural values, yet it suffers from urban deterioration. Many urban spaces and historical structures are aging, which has caused a decline in the vitality and function of axes and open spaces. This research is based on the principle of facadism as one of the main approaches to the preservation and rehabilitation of historic and traditional buildings. The purpose is to address urban degradation and the spatial reconfiguration of urban space in a way that promotes its sustainability and revitalization. This research aims to formulate a theoretical framework that includes a list of interference patterns and their role in spatial reconfiguration. This will be applied to the spatial reconfiguration and development of Al-Rasheed Street in the historic center of Baghdad. A questionnaire elicited the opinions of experts, designers, and implementers in academic and executive institutions on the possibility of reshaping local spaces using facadism. The results of the questionnaire showed that experts support the possibility of adopting this method in spatial reconfiguration in order to intervene in the degradation of historical environments, and also to create a homogeneous and interconnected urban environment that prevents the eradication of cultural and urban heritage. By adopting the preservation of a façade in its various forms, considerations need to be made regarding its compatibility with the nature of the problems in the study area and the ineffectiveness of the pattern of dismantling and transferring a building to another place. This is due to the importance of the historical place and the need to preserve all its historical items within the fabric, in addition to the effectiveness of some detailed patterns in different items of formation.
Optimization of the Nonlinear Muskingum Model Parameters for the River Routing, Tigris River a Case Study
Authors: Kadim Maher Abd Ameer , Omran Isam Issa , Al-Taai Alaa Ali Salman
Published: December 2021

Flood forecasting and management are one of the most important strategies necessary for water resource and decision planners in combating flood problems. The Muskingum model is one of the most popular and widely used applications for the purpose of predicting flood routing. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) methodology was used to estimate the coefficients of the nonlinear Muskingum model in this study, comparing the results with the methods of genetic algorithm (GA), harmony search (HS), least-squares method (LSM), and Hook-Jeeves (HJ). The average monthly inflow for the Tigris River upstream at the Al-Mosul dam was selected as a case study for estimating the Muskingum model's parameters. The analytical and statistical results showed that the PSO method is the best application and corresponds to the results of the Muskingum model, followed by the genetic algorithm method, according to the following general descending sequence: PSO, GA, LSM, HJ, HS. The PSO method is characterized by its accurate results and does not require many assumptions and conditions for its application, which facilitates its use a lot in the subject of hydrology. Therefore, it is better to recommend further research in the use of this method in the implementation of future studies and applications.
Environmental Influences on the Settlements Patterns of Communities in the Marshes of Iraq
Authors: Najim Suhail , Alslam Nadia A. , Albazzaz Inaam A.
Published: December 2021

In the field of residential community planning, one of the appropriate places to study the mutual influences between man and the environment, away from the influences, concepts and mechanisms of contemporary planning theories are isolated environments in rural areas, and the marshlands in Iraq represent one of these models. These areas still retain the planning patterns of residential communities for thousands of years. This research attempts to conduct a descriptive study of traditional settlement patterns, which relied on the capabilities of the surrounding areas to provide planning and architectural solutions based on the environmental factor. Establishing such a clear framework for these impacts can help in any future interventions or development processes in the region and ensure that any random or irregular interventions that may have occurred previously are not repeated. Which will preserve the components and sustainability of this ecosystem and maintain the harmony and integration between the elements of the architectural environment and the natural elements.
Teaching in superdiverse multicultural classrooms: Ideas from New Zealand secondary school teachers
Authors: Wood Bronwyn E. , McRae Shona , Raukura Meredith
Published: December 2021

Increased migration in recent years means that New Zealand classrooms are growing in cultural diversity—and in some communities, the extent and complexity of this has reached levels of “superdiversity”. This article reports on how teachers (n = 23) in four superdiverse secondary schools in New Zealand were responding to the growing cultural diversity in their classrooms. Four key approaches that were used by teachers in all schools to develop supportive relationships and foster greater inclusion are outlined. In addition, several teaching strategies are provided to help support teachers to face the growing complexity of mixed, hybrid, and evolving identities of multi-ethnic students in their classrooms.
Symboliczna mobilizacja umarłych. II wojna światowa w nekropolitykach Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza i Przemysława Dakowicza
Authors: Tomczok Paweł
Published: December 2021

Artykuł dotyczy literackiej polityki historycznej, która oddala się od nowoczesnego modelu wiedzy o przeszłości, zmierza zaś w stronę zakwestionowania podstawowych elementów metodologii historiografii. W miejsce krytycznej analizy dokumentów wprowadzona zostaje kategoria symbolu – zakładająca możliwość nadprzyrodzonej jedności przeszłości i teraźniejszości. Zamiast zalecanego dystansu i obiektywizmu omawiana eseistyka domaga się zaangażowania, a wręcz mobilizacji umarłych, z którymi należy nawiązać łączność, kontakt, by mogli wspierać fundamentalne spory polityczne. Przedstawiona problematyka została omówiona na przykładzie Kinderszenen Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza oraz dwóch tomów Afazji polskiej Przemysława Dakowicza, esejów nawiązujących do różnych sytuacji z czasów II wojny światowej, szczególnie początku działań militarnych we wrześniu 1939 roku praz powstania warszawskiego.
"Dziennik Anne Frankenstein": rozszerzone pole badań nad kulturą popularnąi Zagładą
Authors: Łysak Tomasz
Published: December 2021

Dotychczasowe analizy związków kultury popularnej i Zagłady obejmują kilka gatunków kultury wizualnej (w szczególności komiks) z pominięciem kultury audialnej (muzyki rozrywkowej i słuchowisk radiowych). Niedostatecznie rozpoznano także praktyki związane z nowymi mediami w erze cyfrowej. Niniejszy tekst wskazuje na luki w dotychczasowych badaniach i wypełnia je, a także wyznacza nowy obszar badań nad „rozproszonymi odniesieniami do Zagłady”, to jest, takimi przedstawieniami, w których epizodyczne wzmianki o przeszłości nie służą tradycyjnie rozumianemu upamiętnianiu. Ponadto podkreśla konieczność prowadzenia ideologicznej analizy popularnych reprezentacji z powodu wykorzystywania ich w politycznych rewizjach przeszłości.
Społeczeństwo postronnych śledzi sprawę Eichmanna.Recepcja procesu w Polsce lat 60.
Authors: Muchowski Jakub
Published: December 2021

Wśród badaczy obowiązuje konsensus, że proces Adolfa Eichmanna (1961) zasadniczo zmienił pamięć o Zagładzie i spowodowało jej gwałtowny rozrost na Zachodzie. Artykuł omawia przebieg recepcji tego wydarzenia w Polsce, państwie oddzielonym od tych procesów pamięciowych barierą żelaznej kurtyny. Koncentruje się on na przykładach rezonansu procesu w polskiej kulturze pierwszej połowy lat 60., a przeprowadzone rozpoznania pozwalają pokazać, w jaki sposób wzmacniał on lub osłabiał działające w Polsce dominanty pamięci o zniszczeniu europejskich Żydów. Były to, opisane już przez innych badaczy: umiędzynarodowienie ofiar Zagłady, opowieść o niewinnej polskiej ofierze i antyniemiecki dyskurs.
Temporalizing Childhood: A Conversation with Erica Burman, Stephanie Olsen, Spyros Spyrou, and Hanne Warming
Authors: Millei Zsuzsa
Published: December 2021

This paper is a summary of the keynote panel conversation that took place as part of the “Childhood in Time”conference, May 10–12, 2021. The speakers respond to the question of how they place childhood in time relations,giving examples from their own research and outlining an agenda for considering time in childhood studies.
A single nucleotide polymorphism in BCAT1 gene is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Alfaqih Mahmoud A. , Abu-Khdair Zaina E. , Khabour Omar , Kheirallah Khalid A. , Khanfar Mariam
Published: December 2021

The level of circulatory branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) is often increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Catabolism of BCAAs involves a transamination reaction mediated by the branched chain amino acid aminotransferase (BCAT1) enzyme. Differences in the level of BCAT1 were found to be linked with hypertension, obesity, and cancer. Herein, using a case control design, we tested the association of rs9668920 and rs12321766 polymorphisms in BCAT1 gene with T2DM. Three hundred subjects were recruited in the study. Genotyping of the indicated polymorphisms was achieved using restriction fragment length polymorphism technique after amplification of the target sequences. The results showed that, under a recessive inheritance model, the GG genotype of rs9668920 increased the risk of T2DM (P=0.026; OR 2.60; 95% CI 1.119–6.048). This effect was independent of the age, body mass index, waist circumference, serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and BCAAs (P>0.05). In conclusion, The GG genotype of BCAT1 rs9668920 SNP might be a risk factor of T2DM. More studies are required to confirm this finding.