bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographical patterns in the flora of Cambridgeshire (v.c.29)
Authors: Hill Mark O. , Preston Christopher D. , Shanklin Jonathan D.
Published: December 2020

Cambridgeshire data collected for the BSBI’s Atlas 2020 project include 347,496 records at monad (1 km) or finer resolution. We used these data to cluster taxa by spherical k-means to produce 21 clusters of taxa with similar patterns of distribution. Some of the clusters correspond to well-defined habitats such as chalk grassland, ancient woodland, traditional fenland, and saline riversides and roadsides. Other clusters were less expected, corresponding to arable clayland, washland (the Ouse and Nene washes), waste ground and garden escapes. There was a cluster of ubiquitous species and another of common arable weeds. The distributions of the clusters are displayed as coincidence maps. Some species are intermediate between two clusters. These can be recognised by their relatively poor goodness of fit to any one cluster. The clusters differ markedly in ecological attributes and whether they include rare or threatened species. We interpret these differences using Ellenberg values and the vascular plant Red List for England.
Ground flora of field boundary dry stone walls in the Burren, Ireland
Authors: Hollingsworth Lindsay , Collier Marcus
Published: December 2020

Despite the fact that field boundary (dry) stone walls are globally common in rural landscapes, very little research has been carried out regarding them. Dry stone walls may act as refuges for a range of plants and animals, especially in areas where conditions do not favour a high biodiversity or areas of high exposure. They may also provide connectivity via habitat corridors and may even serve as a habitat in their own right. This paper reports on a case study survey of the forb assemblages of field boundary dry stone walls in terms of species richness, biodiversity, and composition in comparison to the surrounding landscape, and aims to provide some insight into the floral ecology characteristics of dry stone walls. To accomplish this, the forbs growing in and immediately adjacent to 18 segments of dry stone wall in the Burren region of western Ireland, were surveyed. The forb assemblages growing within the walls were compared with those growing in the 0.5 m closest to the walls and those growing the areas 0.5-1.0 m on either side of the walls. The wall assemblages were shown to have lower species richness and each category of assemblage was shown to have significantly different species composition. This research indicates that the dry stone walls of the Burren may be associated with a distinct floral ecology, and therefore may act as habitat corridors in an otherwise exposed landscape.
Factors predicting statin prescribing for primary prevention: a historical cohort study
Authors: Finnikin Samuel , Willis Brian H , Ryan Ronan , Evans Tim , Marshall Tom
Published: December 2020

Background

Initiation of statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) should be based on CVD risk estimates, but their use is suboptimal.

Aim

To investigate the factors influencing statin prescribing when clinicians code and do not code estimated CVD risk (QRISK2).

Design and setting

A historical cohort of patients who had lipid tests in a database (IQVIA Medical Research Data) of UK primary care records.

Method

The cohort comprised 686 560 entries (lipid test results) between 2012 and 2016 from 383 416 statin-naive patients without previous CVD. Coded QRISK2 scores were extracted, with variables used in calculating QRISK2 and factors that might influence statin prescribing. If a QRISK2 score was not coded, it was calculated post hoc. The outcome was initiation of a statin within 60 days of the lipid test result.

Results

Of the entries, 146 693 (21.4%) had a coded QRISK2 score. Statins were initiated in 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.4% to 6.7%) of those with coded and 4.1% (95% CI = 4.0% to 4.1%) of uncoded QRISK2 (P<0.001). Statin initiations were consistent with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline recommendations in 85.0% (95% CI = 84.2% to 85.8%) of coded and 44.2% (95% CI = 43.5% to 44.9%) of uncoded QRISK2 groups (P<0.001). When coded, QRISK2 score was the main predictor of statin initiation, but total cholesterol was the main predictor when a QRISK2 score was not coded.

Conclusion

When a QRISK2 score is coded, prescribing is more consistent with guidelines. With no QRISK2 score, prescribing is mainly based on total cholesterol. Using QRISK2 is associated with statin prescribing that is more likely to benefit patients. Promoting the routine CVD risk estimation is essential to optimise decision making.
Практика ефективної взаємодії публічної влади і громадських організацій: європейський досвід для України
Authors: Токар М. Ю.
Published: December 2020

Проаналізовано практику ефективної взаємодії представників публічної влади і громадських організацій у суміжних із Україною країнах Європейського Союзу (далі – ЄС) Польщі, Угорщині, Румунії. Наголошено на тому, що інституції громадянського суспільства мають неабиякі соціально-психологічні переваги й суттєво впливають на розвиток публічно-інституційних відносин у державі. Доведено, що ефективна адаптація держави до вимог громадянського суспільства пришвидшує вдосконалення державної політики сприяння розвитку громадських організацій. Визначено функціональний ланцюг сприяння, за яким проглядається логіка застосування міжнародного досвіду в українських реаліях: державна політика – законодавчі норми – громадянська ініціатива – практика публічної взаємодії. Наголошено на прикладах профільної взаємодії (приклад Румунії), ефективності процедури надання сервісних послуг та її діджиталізації (приклад Польщі) та скоординованої політики сприяння розвитку громадських організацій (приклад Угорщини).
EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT ON SALES FORCE PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Dinni Nurrul Tiara , Soehari Tjiptogoro Dinarjo
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine and analyze career development as mediator of work environment and organizational commitment on salesforce performance at PT. Astra International Tbk - Daihatsu Sales Operation Wil. DKI 2. This study uses a quantitative approach with structural equation model or SEM through software named PLS (Partial Least Square) method with the smartPLS program. The population of the study is numbered 344 and sampling using non-probability (purposive sampling) in which employee criteria as Salesforce at PT. Astra International Tbk - Daihatsu Sales Operation Wil. DKI 2 (consists of 20 branches), therefore sample obtained is numbered 185 respondents. The model theory used is showing fit to empirical data. The results of study showed that: (1) work environment has no significant effect on salesforce performance, (2) organizational commitment has a positive and significant on salesforce performance, (3) work environment has a positive and significant on development career, (4) organizational commitment has a positive and significant on development career, (5) career development has a positive and significant on salesforce performance, (6) work environment has a positive and significant on salesforce performance with development career as full mediator, (7) and organizational commitment has a positive and significant on salesforce performance with career development as partial mediator.
PRODUCTION METHODS OF BINDERS CONTAINING GYPSUM-BEARING WASTES: A REVIEW
Authors: Alfimova N. , Pirieva Sevda , Elistratkin M. , Kozhuhova N. , Titenko A.
Published: December 2020

A large amount of research publications and analytical data, concerning gypsum-bearing wastes (GSW) gives an understanding of their huge volumes in many countries, as well as the urgent need to find solutions and opportunities that open up in the development and implementation of effective technologies for the disposal of GSW in various areas of the construction industry. In this paper, the review of actual technological approaches for recycling of GSW in the framework of such field of utilization as a gypsum binder production. It was found, that application of traditional technologies of synthesis of binders, containing natural raw materials is not reasonable for GSW-bearing binders due to variation in component composition, high concentration of impurities, and high dispersion. For this reason, the most advanced technologies proposed by various researchers provide for measures to correct these shortcomings or involve the synthesis of the final product - a high-quality gypsum binder, which is based on different principles - growing crystals of the desired geometry and properties in salt and acid solutions. These technologies are characterized by complexity, a negative impact on equipment, and personnel. In addition, they lead to the formation of secondary waste, which reduces the attractiveness of their practical implementation. Synthesis of GSW-bearing binders using the method of calcining is the simplest technologically and organizationally, but the binders are characterized by unsatisfactory physical and mechanical properties. The desired way to increase their profitability and investment attractiveness is the possibility of providing comprehensive processing of raw materials, where the final product will be not only binders but also other conditioned products, taking into account the minimum formation of secondary waste. The development of such technology of GSW recycling and its implementation on a commercial scale will allow increasing the volume of GSW recycling as well as to solve the ecological aspects and to expand the raw materials source base in regions where this problem is actual
PROPERTIES OF EPOXY COMPOSITES CURED BY A COMPLEX OF ORGANIC TIN HALIDE WITH AN AMINOPHENOL HARDENER
Authors: Kochergin Y. , Nosova A. , Kravchuk T. , Grigorenko T. , Zolotareva V.
Published: December 2020

A method for the synthesis of a complex based on an organic tin halide – dibutylol dibromide – and a aminophenol hardener of the UP-583 brand has been developed. It is found that samples cured with a complex hardener at room temperature are characterized by lower values of tensile strength, elastic modulus and glass transition temperature compared to samples cured with the original hardener UP-583. The values of strain at break are approximately the same for both hardeners. After heat treatment, the strength and modulus values for samples containing the complex sharply increase, as a result of which they are superior to samples based on UP-583. The deformation capacity does not change much, the glass transition temperature increases after heating, but remains significantly lower than for samples cured with the original UP-583. The observed change in the deformation and strength properties of samples during their exposure in a liquid medium is explained by the superposition of the effects of plasticization and re-hardening of epoxy polymers. At low exposure times, the action of the sorbed moisture is mainly aimed at weakening the intermolecular interaction in the sample. In result, its strength decreases and deformability increases. At large values of exposure times, when the amount of sorbed water becomes sufficiently large and a fairly intense molecular mobility develops, pre-hardening processes prevail, leading to an increase in the cross-linking density and, to a decrease in the deformation ability and an increase in the strength index. It is shown that epoxy composites containing a complex hardener are characterized by good performance in the water environment, increased resistance to the development of fungi and mold, as well as better fire resistance. The studied polymers are promising for obtaining antifouling coatings based on them for hydraulic equipment, sea and river vessels.
O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO TÉCNICA PARA UMA PRODUÇÃO MAIS SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: João Plínio Gabriel , Penha Diego Henrique Rosa , Silva Fagner De Melo
Published: December 2020

O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO TÉCNICA PARA UMA PRODUÇÃO MAIS SUSTENTÁVEL
POR UM ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO E PLURAL
Authors: Lobo Stella
Published: December 2020

POR UM ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO E PLURAL
UMA ABORDAGEM DIFERENCIADA DO DIREITO CONTRATUAL NO CURSO TÉCNICO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO
Authors: Rocha Keli De Araujo
Published: December 2020

UMA ABORDAGEM DIFERENCIADA DO DIREITO CONTRATUAL NO CURSO TÉCNICO EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO
TRAVESSIAS ENTRE IMAGENS, EDUCAÇÃO E FILOSOFIA
Authors: Omelczuk Fernanda , Scareli Giovana , Fernandes Priscila
Published: December 2020

TRAVESSIAS ENTRE IMAGENS, EDUCAÇÃO E FILOSOFIA
Інтегроване оцінювання збалансованого розвитку країн-членів OЕСР з використанням глобального індексу (GI-10) в контексті Global Governance
Authors: Karamyshev Dmytro
Published: December 2020

У статті систематизовано та узагальнено результати доступних глобальних досліджень, що містять актуальні сукупні дані та експертно-аналітичну інформацію щодо інтегрованого оцінювання всебічного збалансованого розвитку країн членів організації економічного співробітництва та розвитку (далі – ОЕСР), отримані за 10 релевантними міжнародними індексами із порівняльною оцінкою у динаміці за три роки спостережень.
За результатами проведеного дослідження наголошується на доцільності подальшого використання Глобального індексу (GI-10) як інтегрованого індикатора збалансованого розвитку, що характеризує сучасне соціально-економічне становище країн ОЕСР, їх позиціонування у глобальному вимірі, а також надає можливість регулюючого впливу та визначення стратегічних орієнтирів розвитку як окремих країн, так і міждержавних утворень в контексті глобального врядування.
Державна політика у сфері подолання та протидії насильству в сім’ї: досвід України та Ізраїлю
Authors: Surgova Svitlana , Faichuk Olena
Published: December 2020

У статті проаналізовано ефективність держаної політики у сфері подолання та протидії насильству в сім’ї на прикладі країн України та Ізраїлю. Досліджено  нормативно – правову  базу  захисту від насильства в сім’ї в Україні та Ізраїлі, розглянуто устрій установ державного апарату зазначених країн, що забезпечують подолання та протидію насиллю в сім’ї. В основу методології дослідження покладено принцип пріоритету загальнолюдських цінностей. У складі інструментарію запропонованої статті застосовано синтез, порівняння, систематизація даних для теоретичного обґрунтування зазначеної дослідниками проблеми. Автори дійшли висновку, що приклад роботи по запобіганню і профілактиці сімейного насильства в Ізраїлі відрізняється своєю системністю, орієнтованістю на людину і високою мірою соціальності. Він може бути покладений за основу організації відповідних установ в Україні, яка може ефективно вивчити і перейняти, звичайно адаптувавши під власні обставини і цілі.
New human resources management strategy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine secretariat as an important tool for parliamentary reform implementation
Authors: Shcherbak Nataliya
Published: December 2020

The article provides a deep analysis of the issues related to the modernization of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (VRU) Secretariat and improvement of the human resources management (HRM) system.
The particular attention is paid to the issue of the elaboration of the new HRM Strategy of the VRU Secretariat, taking into consideration the recommendations of the European and other international organizations. In this regard, it is presented its main objectives, possible actions and key stages for the mentioned Strategy implementation.
It is justified the necessity to study the new innovative HRM tools in order to prepare their implementation in the VRU Secretariat.
At the same time, it is highlighted the necessity to develop the strategic planning in VRU Secretariat. Taking into account the above-mentioned, it is defined the key principles and four strategic goals for further modernization of the VRU Secretariat.
On the basis of the conducted research and the analysis of the international experiences and best practices, it is presented the complex proposals and recommendations regarding increasing the VRU Secretariat institutional capacity (taking into account the recommendations of the European Parliament and other international organizations as well as the main goals of the parliamentary reform to be implemented in Ukraine).
Структуризація базових складових та процедур кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади
Authors: Khadzhyradieva Svitlana , Dotsenko Tetiana , Pukir Yuliia
Published: December 2020

У статті обґрунтовується необхідність структуризації базових складових та процедур кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади. Доводиться, що кадрові процеси є об’єктами управління та вимагають певного інструментарію для прийняття кадрових рішень, спеціальних методів для здійснення процесу управління персоналом, однак їх безсистемність негативно впливає на ефективність роботи служб управління персоналом в органах публічної влади. Під кадровим процесом в органах публічної влади розуміється сукупність послідовних дій спрямованих на зміну стану кадрового потенціалу органу публічної влади, що обумовлено цілями і принципами кадрової політики (HR-стратегії) цього органу у відповідності з діючим законодавством, а також із застосування організаційно-правових принципів, функцій, методів, механізмів, процедур управління персоналом в публічній службі.
Презентовано авторську концепцію узагальненої моделі кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади. Системоутворюючим чинником даної моделі є кадровий потенціал органу публічної влади. Саме на його розвиток спрямовано всі дії у межах кадрового процесу. До основних складових кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади слід віднести: вступ на публічну службу, організаційна поведінка, професійний розвиток та кадровій аудит. Змістовий контент кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади обумовлений впливом таких детермінант як-от: а) діючи законодавчі акти та нормативно-правові документи, що регламентують діяльність у сфері публічного управління та адміністрування; б) кадрова політика та HR-стратегія органу публічної влади, які розробляються ґрунтуючись на стратегія органу публічної влади; в) служба управління персоналом в публічній службі.
Для опису складових елементів кадрового процесу в органах публічної влади доцільно застосовувати певні критеріальні ознаки. Пропонується кожний елемент кадрового процесу описати за такою структурно-логічною схемою: по-перше, визначити основні процедури, що необхідно здійснювати в межах компетенції служб управління персоналом органів публічної влади; по-друге, виявити, у межах визначених процедур, сутнісні ознаки та змістовий контент діяльності служб управління персоналом органів публічної влади; по-третє, структурувати базові методи, що застосовуються для здійснення передбачених процедур в межах відповідного складового елементу кадрового процесу.
The Impact of the Implementation of the ISO 9000 Quality Management System Upon the Perception of the Performance of the Organizations Workers
Authors: Aziz El Tigani Dr. Omer Abdel
Published: December 2020

Organizations in the region implement the ISO 9000 Quality Management System and obtain the consequent approvals, rewards and certificates, but unfortunately, without the actual and effective implementation on the ground. The purpose of this research study was to assess the impact of the implementation of the ISO Quality Management System upon the performance of participating workers. Qualitative as well as quantitative research was conducted. Data were collected using a quantitative survey administered to 150 participants from either governmental or private and both sectors in the State of Qatar. Findings include the implementation of the ISO 9000 QMS has no impact on the performance of the participating organizations' workers. This research study also revealed some important points related to the organizations' workers and their performances under the umbrella of the ISO 9000 Quality Management System, which leads the Researcher to raise some questions to the concerned people in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Formação de educadores no Museu da Cultura Cearense
Authors: Arrais Gardner De Andrade , Sales José Albio Moreira de , Oliveira Marina Vieira de
Published: December 2020

Tem por matéria a formação de educadores do Museu da Cultura Cearense (MCC), do Centro Dragão do Mar de Arte e Cultura, em Fortaleza-CE, e sua relação com a Política Nacional de Educação Museal. Objetiva compreender o trabalho de formação de educadores museais realizado pelo MCC, tendo por base documentos, depoimentos e práticas de educadores e ex-educadores do MCC. A amostra foi composta por quatro educadores que atuavam no momento da realização do estudo e quatro ex-educadores. Conclui-se que há adoção de uma educação crítica, reflexiva e dialógica, fruto de aprendizagens em Educação Museal, e que o MCC propõe atividades como: seleção de educadores, encontros formativos e avaliativos, preparação das mediações para exposições, encontros com curadores e artistas expositores, cursos de acessibilidade e outros, além de experiências que o Dragão do Mar e o entorno oferecem.
Kolegialitas: Suatu Bentuk Formasi Berkelanjutan Imam
Authors: Tinambunan Edison R.L.
Published: December 2020

Ongoing formation is a subject which is very actual at this present time in relation with priesthood which has been pointed out by the Second Vatican Council. The church has promulgated various documents to this urgent need. One aspect of the ongoing formation is priesthood collegiality to Jesus Christ as high priest, to church where is incardinated, to hierarchy as his institution, to the other priests as his colleagues and to lay people who is also his peer of pastoral service. The intention this writing is to revive priest that the effectiveness and efficacy of pastoral service is collegiality.
Menyoal Persahabatan Sebagai Problem Relasionalitas: Sebuah Kontruksi Atas Konsep Alteritas Emanuel Levinas Dan Pluralitas Hannah Arendt
Authors: Pandor Pius
Published: December 2020

Alterity, plurality, and relationship are the three key words which summarize the whole content of this article. The first key word is the core of Emanuel Levinas’ Ethics, the second key word is the summary of Hannah Arendt’s the essence of politics, and the third is from the construction on the concepts of alterity and plurality. From the attempt to construct the two concepts, the writer assumes that alterity and plurality are the basis to understand friendship as the problem of a relationship. The method used in this article is hermeneutics on the inter-subjectivity based on Emanuel Levinas’ Ethics and Hannah Arendt’s thought on politics. The findings on this construction is that friendship which is based on the principles of relationship is the solution of the egology – self-enhancement and ‘heterophobia’ – the phobia to other people in the daily life these days.
Redefinisi Arti Sahabat Dalam Perspektif Kitab Ayub
Authors: Tri Wardoyo Gregorius
Published: December 2020

The Book of Job is always related to the question why pious people endure misery. This writing tries to dig the other message of the Book of Job that is friendship. Thence, the question that would be answered in this writing is what the meaning of friends according to the Book of Job. Through narrative analyses, this writing tries to present Job’s friends which construct the whole story in the Book through their dialogs. Starting from the recognition of Satan in the Book of Job as “enemy” or “the accuser”, this writing comes to a conclusion that eventually Job’s wife and friends take the function and roles of Satan as Job’s enemy.
Adopsi Informasi Produk Skincare dan Kosmetik di YouTube: Peran Pengaruh Informasional Pada Ulasan
Authors: Sinaga Katarina Rosyantika , Sarah Ira Siti
Published: December 2020

Consumers are being more digital-natives. More consumers are using online reviews made by others to find out information before deciding to buy a product, especially for skincare and cosmetic products. However, there is little to none study focuses on the information adoption of skincare and cosmetic consumers. This study aims to test the role of the informational influence of skincare and cosmetic product reviews on information adoption on YouTube. The purposive sampling was used in the sampling collection technique. An online questionnaire was distributed to 385 respondents who have watched skincare or cosmetic product reviews on YouTube. This research finds that the adoption of information on YouTube was significantly affected by the informational influence of product reviews by 23.1%.
Faktor Penentu Keputusan Mengikuti Pelatihan Daring pada Wanita Pemilik Kartu Prakerja
Authors: Lusianingrum Farah Putri Wenang , Affifatusholihah Lina , Putri Soletahin Ika
Published: December 2020

There are currently eight digital platform partners for conducting online training. The digital platform partner of the Prakerja Card provides 1,338 types of training from business to personal development. Furthermore, there are still five digital platforms that submit proposals to be able to join as partners in the Prakerja Card Program and there are 362 new types of training proposed by partners. With the increasing number of choices for the type of training, the partner anda organizers need to evaluate the factors determining the decision to take part in online training for women who have Prakerja Cards in Banten Province. The research approach used is quantitative. The population of this research is women who have Prakerja Card in Banten Province. The number of respondents in the study was 150 obtained by purposive sampling method. SEM Warp PLS  application is used for statistical data computation. The results revealed that the factors that could influence the decision to participate in training for women who have Prakerja Card in Banten Province were cultural, social, personal, and technological factors.
Contrastes y desigualdad en América Latina y el caribe; Haití un compromiso pendiente
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Rogelio
Published: December 2020

El análisis versa sobre el impacto que han tenido la falta de implementación de políticas públicas para lograr la consolidación de programas y proyectos estratégicos al interior de Haití, cuyo objetivo sería superar los altos niveles de rezago social. Por otra parte se analiza desde una perspectiva integral como este país requiere de una política económica adecuada para logar una mejor distribución de la riqueza generada al interior, así mismo trataremos de evaluar las acciones y decisiones políticas en un periodo de 3 décadas que se dividirían en dos tiempos, conocer a esta nación antes del periodo del 2010, momento en que un gran terremoto cambia diametralmente a este pueblo y, después de este trágico suceso, valorando los esfuerzos realizados por su gente por generar una gran resiliencia social para salir adelante ante una constante que ha vivido este país y su sociedad, ante una gran vulnerabilidad, resultado de una constante que es la pobreza.
System (In)Coherence: Quantifying the Alignment of Primary Education Curriculum Standards, Examinations, and Instruction in Two East African Countries
Authors: Atuhurra Julius , Kaffenberger Michelle
Published: December 2020

Improvements in instructional coherence have been shown to have large impacts on student learning, yet analysis of such coherence, especially in developing countries and at a systems level, is rare. We use an established methodology, the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC), and apply it to a developing country context to systematically analyze and quantify the content and coherence of the primary curriculum standards, national examinations, and actual teaching delivered in the classroom in Uganda and Tanzania. We find high levels of incoherence across all three instructional components. In Uganda, for example, only four of the fourteen topics in the English curriculum standards appear on the primary leaving exam, and two of the highest-priority topics in the standards are completely omitted from the exams. In Tanzania, only three of fourteen English topics are covered on the exam, and all are assessed at the “memorization” level. Rather than aligning with either the curriculum standards or exams, teachers’ classroom instruction is poorly aligned with both. Teachers tend to cover broad swathes of content and levels of cognitive demand, unrelated to the structure of either the curriculum standards or exams. An exception is Uganda mathematics, for which standards, exams, and teacher instruction are all well aligned. By shedding light on alignment deficits in the two countries, these results draw attention to a policy area that has previously attracted little (if any) attention in many developing countries’ education policy reform efforts. In addition to providing empirical results for Uganda and Tanzania, this study provides a proof-of-concept for the use of the SEC methodology as a diagnostic tool in developing countries, helping education systems identify areas of instructional (in)coherence and informing efforts to improve coherence for learning.
Mental, Physical, and Financial Health Concerns of Underrepresented Undergraduate Students During Initial Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
Authors: Nelson Kristina , Honore Matt , Lindwall Jen , Viray Arjun , Marriott Lisa , Zell Adrienne
Published: December 2020

In April 2020, at the onset of COVID-19 in the U.S., we implemented a weekly survey of underrepresented undergraduate students participating in a biomedical research training program. The 10-week survey collected qualitative and quantitative data on mental health, physical health, and financial health. Responses indicated high stress during the pandemic, particularly during the survey’s final weeks which occurred during a period of social unrest. Physical health declined throughout the survey, stabilizing in its final weeks. Financial health declined initially and stayed low throughout. Students from certain demographic groups, such as first generation college students and those with dependents were disproportionately impacted. Qualitative responses highlighted the intersectionality of the three constructs and illustrated the impacts of these events.
Modern technologies of simulation training in practical otorhinolaryngology
Authors: Vladimirova T. Yu. , Davydkin-Gogel M. M. , Nasretdinova M. T. , Aizenshtadt L. V.
Published: December 2020

Objectives to evaluate the realism and usefulness of the model developed by us "The ear simulator for practicing emergency care skills in otorhinolaryngology".
Material and methods.49 otorhinolaryngologists participated in the study. They performed the initial surgical debridement of the external ear, removal of earlobe atheroma, otoscopy, removal of foreign bodies of the external auditory canal, and paracentesis of the tympanic membrane using the developed simulator. The results were evaluated using a questionnaire on practicing emergency care skills in otorhinolaryngology.
Results.The majority of the specialists (94%) defined the developed ear simulator as an adequate model for training, while 83% considered it possible to use it as a training tool for practicing doctors.
Conclusion.The developed model of the simulator is intended for practical training of students and residents in otiatrics in the scope of performing emergency and urgent manipulations.
Cause-and-effect relationships between air pollution and health conditions in population
Authors: Berezin I. I. , Eliseev Yu. Yu. , Sergeev A. K.
Published: December 2020

Objectives to reveal cause-and-effect relationships in the system "air pollution morbidity of the population" in a large industrial city.
Material and methods.The dynamics of the pollutants concentration, such as formaldehyde and benzopyrene, through the period of 20152017 was analyzed in relation to the indicators of the morbidity of the respiratory system in the population of Samara. In particular, the study focused on the ratio of allergic rhinitis and asthma cases and the concentration of the formaldehyde and benzopyrene.
Results.The incidence of respiratory diseases and the general morbidity increased both among children (by 46.7%) and adults (by 11.4%). There was the causal correlation between the effect of benzopyrene on the development of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in children(r = 0.57 and r = 0.76) and in adults (r = 0.45 and r = 0.51) in Samara. The significant differences between the level of the pollutants and the frequency of the respiratory system diseases were registered in children and adults in different areas of Samara.
Discussion.As a result of the increase of the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) of formaldehyde in atmospheric air, this pollutant has now ceased to be a priority. The revealed negative correlations point to the absence of an adverse effect of formaldehyde on the development of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in both children and adults in Samara.
Conclusion.According to the results of the study, the preventive measures aimed at reducing the impact of main air pollutants on the health of children and adults in Samara were suggested. Their implementation is possible by the immediate informing of the executive authorities to ensure they can make timely management decisions to improve the quality of the environment.
Changes of the cytokine profile in patients with traumatic synovitis on the background of ozone therapy
Authors: Zakhvatov A. N. , Tarasova T. V. , Vinogradova A. A. , Khaidar D. A. , Timoshkin V. O.
Published: December 2020

Objectives the cytokine profile research in patients with posttraumatic synovitis during intravenous and intra-articular ozone therapy.
Material and methods.The research involved 69 patients with traumatic knee joint damage complicated by posttraumatic synovitis.
Patients in Group I (35 people) received a traditional treatment. Patients in Group II (34 people) along with the traditional therapy had intravenous injection of 200 ml of ozonated solution of sodium chloride in ozone concentration 2 mg/l once daily for 10 days, and intra-articular injection of 20 ml ozone-oxygen mixture in ozone concentration of 15 mg/l once every second day, in an amount of 5 injections.
During arthroscopy, the lavage of the joint cavity was performed with ozonated saline solution at a concentration of 2.0 mg/l.
The cytokine profile was evaluated by the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-1, IL-6, IL-17), regulatory (IL-2), IL-1 receptor antagonist, and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay with peroxidase as an indicator. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using the Student t-test.
Results.The use of intravenous and intra-articular ozone therapy contributed to synchronous decrease of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines with simultaneous reduction of anti-inflammatory mediators of inflammation. TNF-content decreased by 24.6% (p20.001), IL-17 by 17.3% (p20.01), IL-6 by 20.1% (p20.001), IL-1 by 19.1% (p20.001), IL-2 by 25.7% (p20.001), IL-1RА by 24.4% (p20.001), IL-10 by 21.3%(p20.001), IL-4 by 25.7% (p20.001) in comparison to traditional treatment.
Conclusion.The complex ozone therapy led to the decrease of inflammation, which was reflected in the depression dynamics of the studied cytokines. These results allow us to evaluate it as an effective treatment method for post-traumatic synovitis which effectively reduces the secondary posttraumatic alteration of tissue structures.
Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma and isolated adrenal myelolipoma
Authors: Lisitsyn A. A. , Zemlyanoi V. P. , Velikanova L. I. , Bekhtereva I. A. , Shafigullina Z. R.
Published: December 2020

Objectives to reveal the clinical, morphological and hormonal characteristics of patients operated on for isolated adrenal myelolipoma and myxoid adenomas with adrenal myelolipoma.
Material and methods.The study was based on the results of examination of patients operated on for adrenal myelolipoma in the period from 2000 to 2015. During the study, the hormonal activity in patients with isolated and myxoid adrenal myelolipomas was analyzed. A pathomorphological and immunohistochemical study of the removed formations of the adrenal gland was performed. The article presents rare clinical observations of patients undergoing treatment in the clinic of E.E. Eichwald, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, with accidentally detected neoplasms, which were a combination of adenoma and myelolipoma of the adrenal gland.
Results.The occurrence of isolated myelolipomas and myxoid adenomas with myelolipoma among incidentalomas was 6.3% and 4.9%, respectively. The average age of patients with adrenal myelolipoma is 54.5 years. The ratio of women to men was 2:1. According to our data, four types of hormonal activity have been identified among myxoid formations of the adrenal gland. Type 1 is associated with Cushing's syndrome, type 2 is associated with Conn's syndrome, type 3 is associated with autonomic cortisol secretion, type 4 has no hormonal activity. Based on the results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 11-hydroxylase deficiency was noted, and according to the study of the urine steroid profile by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), the signs of type 2 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency and an increase in 5-reductase activity in patients with isolated adrenal myelolipoma were obtained.
Conclusion.The combination of adenoma with myelolipoma, as well as of adenoma, myelolipoma and cavernous hemangioma is a rare pathology, the diagnosis of which is based on the pathomorphological examination of the removed tumor. Myelolipoma as a part of adrenal adenoma is an incidentaloma, which can be of different sizes and is accompanied by hormonal dysfunction of the cells of the adrenal cortex. An uncertain intrascopic phenotype and hormonal activity of myxoid formations are the decisive factors in favor of surgical intervention.
Efficiency of prognostic scales in assessing patients' condition in severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Makarov I. V. , Mustafaev I. A. , Kurashev A. V. , Budorina L. A. , Gerasimov L. V.
Published: December 2020

Objectives to compare the predictive efficiency of modern scales used in prognosis of disease severity (APACHE II, SAPS, SOFA, MODS) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
Material and methods.17 patients formed two study groups: Group 1 consisted of 10 survived patients, Group 2 included 7 patients with a fatal outcome. The mortality ratio and the severity of the condition were calculated for all 17 patients, using the scales presented above, at the admission to the ICU and at the moment of transfer to a surgical department. The intensive care procedure and surgical interventions were in line with the clinical recommendations for surgical treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.
Results.The day of ICU admission, Group 1, the average mortality rate on the SAPS scale was 110.08%; on the SOFA scale 270.08%; on the MODS scale 12%; on the APACHE II scale 8.450.09%. The day of ICU admission, Group 2, the average mortality rate on the SAPS scale was 5.77.11%; on the SOFA scale 25.146.09%; on the MODS scale 2.41.05%; on the APACHE II scale 12.18.49%. The day of patients' transfer from the ICU to the surgical department, Group1, the average mortality rate on the SAPS scale was 8.990.10%; on the SOFA scale 300.15%; on the MODS scale 12%; on the APACHE II scale 14.290.08%. The day of patients' transfer from the ICU to the surgical department, Group 2, the average mortality rate on the SAPS scale was 7.78.69%; on the SOFA scale 220%; on the MODS scale 12%, on the APACHE II scale 12.379.89%.
According to our data, none of the used prognostic scales could present the real condition of a patient or the mortality prognosis for patients in both groups. By comparison of the average mortality rate calculated for patients of Group 1 and Group 2, we revealed the more unfavorable prognosis for the survived patients than for the patients with lethal outcome.
Conclusion.The objective evaluation of the severity of patient's condition and the prognosis for treatment is not possible with the scales used in the study. Among them, the SAPS and APACHE II scales provided the most precise prognoses for patients' condition.
疫情冲击下的经济增长与全面小康经济社会目标
Authors: 张 国伟
Published: December 2020

在疫情的强烈冲击下，2020 年中国经济增长面临较大的困难。中国经济发展目标和经济运行需求，都要根据实际情况进行标准设定，确定经济发展趋势和走向。因此，论文主要针对疫情冲击下的经济增长与全面小康经济社会目标进行简要分析，并提出合理化建议。
甘肃省“丝绸之路”体育旅游产业集群发展路径研究
Authors: 司马 宏昊
Published: December 2020

随着“一带一路”倡议黄金通道的持续建设，为中国甘肃省“丝绸之路”体育旅游产业的蓬勃发展提供了历史机遇。论文以“一带一路”为研究背景，分析了甘肃省体育旅游产业的发展现状、问题，针对甘肃省体育旅游产业集群发展，提出了解决措施。
浅析江南沿海地区在中阿交流发展上的历史作用
Authors: 何 依珂
Published: December 2020

江南地区自古以来作为中国富饶繁华的象征，不仅承担着农业、手工业生产的重任，还肩负着中阿经济上频繁往来、政治上友好交往的使命，沿海地区尤甚。随着“一带一路”合作倡议的推行，了解江南沿海地区在中阿经济文化发展道路上的历史作用，不仅有助于丰富对中阿经济文化交流历史的研究，而且有助于巩固中国和“老朋友”阿拉伯之间源远流长的友谊，深化中阿交流合作，推动“一带一路”倡议的深入进行。
甘肃省入境旅游流与区域经济耦合协调度研究
Authors: 方 文静 , 路 珂 , 强 雪萍 , 韩 承伯 , 杨 瑞莉
Published: December 2020

新时期中国旅游行业在面临新发展机遇的同时，也面临一定的挑战。为有效推动中国甘肃省入境旅游在新时期能够抓住发展机遇，并促使其更好地迎接挑战，论文从入境旅游流与区域经济耦合协调度这一角度入手，对甘肃省入境旅游流和区域经济两个系统的耦合协调关系展开了探讨。
基于“网约配送员”视角的新职业人群劳动关系从属性认定分析
Authors: 杨 青
Published: December 2020

新经济促进新就业。“互联网 +”背景下，涌现出多种新职业，并且新职业从业人群已达一定规模，但从业者的工作时间等方面具有较大自主性，其从属性正逐步弱化。同时，现有劳动法律法规缺乏对新职业的相应规定，导致部分新职业劳动关系认定模糊，劳动纠纷逐渐增多。论文以“网约配送员”职业中的新型劳动关系为研究点，指出当下司法实践中常用做法及其弊端，提出统一劳动关系认定标准的建议，以期达到在不过分造成企业负担的基础上实现“网约配送员”权益的最大化。
财务管理目标的思索
Authors: 李 川
Published: December 2020

随着中国经济水平不断增长，中国的企业也得到了很多发展机会。企业要想在中国的激烈竞争中站稳脚跟，就需要对自身的财务管理目标进行思考，并且要思考如何在当今社会环境之中实现企业财务管理的目标。
基于大数据的公共卫生应急监控管理系统——支撑复工复产
Authors: 赵 爽
Published: December 2020

随着中国公共卫生事件防控形势的持续向好，各地陆续推动企业复工复产，企业和政府为了准确掌握社区外来人员、企业和事业单位人员的近况，因此亟须建立大数据监控管理系统平台。论文提供了系统实施具体方案，包括平台建设的应用背景、系统架构、服务器选用、数据管理方案，以期为中国公共卫生应急管理体系的完善提供参考。
Drivers of entrepreneurial intentions on undergraduate students
Authors: Yulianti Praptini , Setyo Lestari Evi
Published: December 2020

The growing number of café businesses makes undergraduate students attracting to the enterprise. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) on entrepreneurial intention with the mediating role of attitude toward entrepreneurship. This study is providing questionnaires on the respondent. Total respondents are from 92 undergraduate students as the owner of a cafe business in Surabaya, Indonesia. This study examines two hypotheses by smart PLS. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a significant and positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. Attitude toward entrepreneurial is partially mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy with entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy includes beliefs about the capabilities of achieving desired outcomes as well as beliefs about one's abilities to complete tasks. ESE is crucial to building entrepreneurial intention because the survival of a business does not merely depend on success but also seeks opportunities in business development. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a crucial factor that should be had by the undergraduate student as an owner of a business. By having a higher entrepreneurial self-efficacy, the better impact on an entrepreneur has perceived competence for successfully starting a new enterprise.
FETO-MATERNAL PROTECTIVE FUNCTION OF PROGESTERONE DURING PARTURITION – A NEW PERSPECTIVE.
Authors: Dharwadkar Asha Anand , Dharwadkar Anand Rajendra
Published: December 2020

Normal parturition concludes with safe delivery of viable conceptus by forceful emptying of uterus in humans. With already well accepted experimental and clinical observations, new perspective tries to explain it by calcium ions [Ca2+] lowering action of Progesterone [PR] and Negative feedback regulation of Oestrogen[OE] on Human chorionic gonadotropin[HCG] as follows.
Respiratory centre stimulatory effect of PR causes respiratory alkalosis and consequentially converts biologically active plasma free Ca2+ to its’ inactive protein bound store. Thus PR induced low plasma Ca2 maintains pregnancy by supressing myometrial and neural excitability. At term normal fetal organogenesis coordinated with feto-placental steroidogenesis, cause OE negative feedback on HCG, inhibiting both OE and PR synthesis. Due to shorter biological half-life [t/2 = 30min], PR dip is first observed. So the sudden PR withdrawal at term causing acute respiratory acidosis with spark release of plasma Ca2+, facilitates neuro- myometrial excitability triggering parturition. During each myometrial contraction, sandwiched PR gets squeezed from placental store into maternal circulation again resulting in myometrial relaxation. Thus myometrial alternate cyclical repetition of contraction and relaxation [labour pains] continues till completion of parturition.
Awareness of importance of gradual intermittent release of placental PR and spark plasma Ca2+ helps clinicians in prevention of feto-maternal mortality and morbidity including puerperal psychosis associated with clinical conditions of sudden PR withdrawal as in caesarean section, precipitous labour, premature labour, preeclamsia etc. which can be treated by building better body blood buffers.
STUDY OF MORTALITY IN CHILDREN WITH ELECTROLYTE ABNORMALITIES IN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Rajput Mirnalini , Yelamali B.C
Published: December 2020

Background: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in ill children requiring the intensive care. As the electrolytes play an important role to maintain homeostasis and has impact on the final outcome of the patient, the present study was undertaken. The aims of this study was to determine the prevalence of electrolyte abnormalities in children admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at the time of admission, primary organ involvement seen and the mortality associated with it.
Methods: The study enrolled all the patients from 1 month to 12 years admitted in PICU of a tertiary care hospital during January 2019 to June 2020 (18 months). The children were divided according to the presence or absence of electrolyte abnormality. The organ system involved was analyzed in each group.
Results: The prevalence of electrolyte abnormality in terms of sodium and potassium in the present study was 55.56% (100 of 180). The most common electrolyte abnormality was hyponatremia (30.6%) followed by hypokalemia (20.6%). The mortality in children with electrolyte abnormality was significantly higher than mortality in those without electrolyte abnormality and was found to be 51.7% in the present study. Maximum children with hyponatremia had infections (23.6%) and those with hypernatremia had gastrointestinal involvement (17.6%). Hypokalemia was most frequently seen in cases of respiratory involvement (27%) and hyperkalemia seen in renal involvement (25%).
Conclusion: There is significant association of the electrolyte abnormalities at admission in PICU with mortality and primary system involvement, which was seen in the present study. Close monitoring and correction of electrolyte abnormalities reduces the mortality in ill children.
VIOLATING THE BASIC TENETS OF CARE – LOOKING BACK ON YEARS OF EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE FROM AN ONCOLOGIST'S VIEWPOINT
Authors: Basu Bishan
Published: December 2020

Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) came into fashion nearly three decades ago. However, over this short period, this system of medical philosophy has come to dominate the medical practice worldwide. Never in the history of medicine could a single way of medical practice could dominate the healthcare systems of diverse countries like EBM did, that too within such short time span. But, it is high time we should ponder over the pros and cons of EBM and if this way of medical practice is to be allowed to continue, we should consider integration of additional inputs from the traditional ways of medicine. Though article focusses upon the cancer care, the conclusions derived can be applied to any other disciplines of healthcare.