bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMBINING EBR CFRP SHEET WITH PRESTRESSED NSM STEEL STRANDS TO ENHANCE THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: Obaydullah M. , Jumaat Mohd Zamin , Alengaram U. Johnson , Kabir Md. Humayun , Rashid Muhammad Harunur
Published: November 2021

In this study, a combined strengthening technique is used to improve the flexural performance of prestressed concrete beams using CFRP sheets as EBR and prestressed steel strands as NSM. Seven prestressed beams were tested under four-point loading with one control specimen, one EBR CFRP sheet strengthened specimen, one NSM steel strand without prestress strengthened specimen and four specimens strengthened with a combination of EBR CFRP sheet and NSM steel strands prestressed from 0% to 70% of their tensile strength. The flexural responses and failure modes of the specimens were investigated and the variations due to the level of prestressing force in the PNSM steel strands were also assessed. A finite element model (FEM) was developed using ABAQUS to verify the flexural responses of the strengthened specimens. The test results revealed that the combined strengthening technique remarkably enhanced the flexural performance of the specimens. The serviceability, first crack, yield, and ultimate load capacities improved up to 44%, 49%, 55% and 70%, respectively when compared with the control specimen. The combined technique also ensured the flexural failure of the specimens with significant enhancement in stiffness and energy absorption. The results of the FEM model exhibited excellent agreement with the experimental results.
EMBEDDED REMOTE GROUP ENVIRONMENT THROUGH MODIFICATION IN MACBETH – AN APPLICATION OF CONTRACTOR’S SELECTION IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Khoso Ali Raza , Yusof Aminah Md. , Chen Zhen-Song , Wang Xian-Jia , Skibniewski Mirosław J. , Memon Nafees Ahmed
Published: November 2021

A group decision environment has profound roots in MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) analysis which indeed has plentiful advantages; however, many researchers envisage the embedded group decision system as an impediment in actual implementation. The accessibility of explicit interaction of decision makers at a single platform in the form of embedded group decision environment is a great impediment to the researchers. Accordingly, this research aims to tailor a novel alternative system of dealing with the embedded group decision under a remote group decision environment via integrating MACBETH and Exploratory Factor Analysis. The study finds that an embedded remote group decision making system could serve as an alternative system of group decision making which has plentiful perks in group decision applications. This system could help researchers to carry out research without confusing in embedded group decision environment but including all decision-makers in the model. The implication of proposed system is not only limited to MACBETH; however, due to system’s versatility, a similar approach could be fruitful for other group-related environments involving collective decisions.
Close Stellar Flybys Common in Low-mass Clusters
Authors: Pfalzner Susanne , Govind Amith
Published: November 2021

Numerous protoplanetary disks show distinct spiral arms features. While possibly caused by a range of processes, detailed pattern analysis points at close stellar flybys as cause for some of them. Surprisingly, these disks reside in young low-mass clusters, where close stellar flybys are expected to be rare. This fact motivated us to take a fresh look at the frequency of close flybys in low-mass clusters. In the solar neighborhood, low-mass clusters have smaller half-mass radii than their more massive counterparts. We show that this observational fact results in the mean and central stellar density of low-mass clusters being approximately the same as in high-mass clusters, which is rarely reflected in theoretical studies. We perform N-body simulations of the stellar dynamics in young clusters obeying the observed mass–radius relation. Taking the mean disk truncation radius as a proxy for the degree of influence of the environment, we find that the influence of the environment on disks is more or less the same in low- and high-mass clusters. Even the fraction of small disks (<10 au) is nearly identical. Our main conclusion is that the frequency of close flybys seems to have been severely underestimated for low-mass clusters. A testable prediction of this hypothesis is that low-mass clusters should contain 10%–15% of disks smaller than 30 au truncated by flybys. These truncated disks should be distinguishable from primordially small disks by their steep outer edge.
Spectral and Timing Analysis of NuSTAR and Swift/XRT Observations of the X-Ray Transient MAXI J0637–430
Authors: Lazar Hadar , Tomsick John A. , Pike Sean N. , Bachetti Matteo , Buisson Douglas J. K. , Connors Riley M. T. , Fabian Andrew C. , Fuerst Felix , García Javier A. , Hare Jeremy , Jiang Jiachen , Shaw Aarran W. , Walton Dominic J.
Published: November 2021

We present results for the first observed outburst from the transient X-ray binary source MAXI J0637–430. This study is based on eight observations from the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and six observations from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory X-Ray Telescope (Swift/XRT) collected from 2019 November 19 to 2020 April 26 as the 3–79 keV source flux declined from 8.2 × 10−10 to 1.4 × 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1. We see the source transition from a soft state with a strong disk-blackbody component to a hard state dominated by a power-law or thermal Comptonization component. NuSTAR provides the first reported coverage of MAXI J0637–430 above 10 keV, and these broadband spectra show that a two-component model does not provide an adequate description of the soft-state spectrum. As such, we test whether blackbody emission from the plunging region could explain the excess emission. As an alternative, we test a reflection model that includes a physical Comptonization continuum. Finally, we also test a spectral component based on reflection of a blackbody illumination spectrum, which can be interpreted as a simple approximation to the reflection produced by returning disk radiation due to the bending of light by the strong gravity of the black hole. We discuss the physical implications of each scenario and demonstrate the value of constraining the source distance.
Statistical Study of Small-scale Magnetic Holes in the Upstream Regime of the Martian Bow Shock
Authors: Wang G. Q. , Volwerk M. , Du A. M. , Xiao S. D. , Wu M. Y. , Chen Y. Q. , Zhang T. L.
Published: November 2021

Small-scale magnetic holes (SSMHs) are frequently observed in the solar wind at 1 au, as well as the terrestrial current sheet and magnetosheath. These kinetic-size structures play an important role in energy dissipation and particle transportation. Here, we report the existence of SSMHs in the upstream regime of the Martian bow shock and statistically investigate these SSMHs based on 5 yr observations of the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft. A total of 549 SSMHs are found, and their durations and sizes obey the lognormal distribution. The median duration is ∼0.46 s, and the median size is ∼2 ion inertial lengths. We regard an isolated SSMH or a train of SSMHs as a SSMH event. The average occurrence rate of the SSMH events is ∼0.6 event per day. The occurrence rate is much larger in the region belonging to the ion foreshock on average, suggesting that the ion foreshock is an important source of SSMHs. The occurrence of the SSMH events tends to be larger when the ion number density and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) strength are larger, indicating that the generation of SSMHs might be associated with ions and the IMF strength. Although their generation mechanism is still unclear, the finding of the link between the occurrence rate of the SSMH events and ion number density, as well as the IMF strength, might provide a clue to further reveal the generation mechanism of SSMHs in the solar wind or planetary foreshock.
Statistical Properties of Electron-scale Magnetic Peaks in the Solar Wind at 1 au
Authors: Wang G. Q. , Volwerk M. , Xiao S. D. , Wu M. Y. , Chen Y. Q. , Zhang T. L.
Published: November 2021

Energy cascade from magnetohydrodynamic to kinetic scales can create many coherent structures in the turbulent astrophysical plasma environment, such as magnetic holes and magnetic peaks. Knowing the properties of each coherent structure is critical to better understand the process of the energy cascade. Recently, electron-scale magnetic peaks (ESMPs) are revealed to exist in the solar wind at 1 au. Here, we investigate the properties of the ESMPs upstream of the terrestrial bow shock based on observations of the Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft. We regard an isolated ESMP or a train of ESMPs as an ESMP event, and 204 ESMPs or 32 ESMP events are found. Both the durations and cross-section sizes of the ESMPs obey log-normal distributions. The median duration and cross-section size are ∼0.25 s and ∼0.33 ion gyroradius, respectively. The ESMP event with an average occurrence rate of ∼8.8 events per day tends to occur during the weak interplanetary magnetic field strength or the slow solar wind. We also find that the ion foreshock is an important source of the ESMP events, and a small part of the ESMP events originates from the upstream pristine solar wind. Although only 12 out of 204 ESMPs have bipolar electron velocities, we suggest that the electron vortex is an essential feature for the stable ESMP. The generation mechanism of the ESMPs is unclear; nevertheless, finding out the origin of the electron vortex in the ion foreshock might help to reveal their generation mechanism.
Exploring the Stellar Rotation of Early-type Stars in the LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey. I. Catalog
Authors: Sun Weijia , Duan Xiao-Wei , Deng Licai , de Grijs Richard , Zhang Bo , Liu Chao
Published: November 2021

We derive stellar parameters and abundances (“stellar labels”) of 40,034 late-B and A-type main-sequence stars extracted from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope Medium Resolution Survey (LAMOST–MRS). The primary selection of our early-type sample was obtained from LAMOST Data Release 7 based on spectral-line indices. We employed the Stellar Label Machine to derive their spectroscopic stellar parameters, drawing on Kurucz spectral synthesis models with 6000 < T
eff < 15,000 K and −1 < [M/H] < 1 dex. For a signal-to-noise ratio of ∼60, the cross validated scatter is ∼75 K, 0.06 dex, 0.05 dex, and ∼3.5 km s−1 for T
eff,

log
g

, [M/H], and

v
sin
i

, respectively. A comparison with objects with prior known stellar labels shows great consistency for all stellar parameters, except for

log
g

. Although this is an intrinsic caveat that comes from the MRS’s narrow wavelength coverage, it only has a minor effect on estimates of the stellar rotation rates because of the decent spectral resolution and the profile-fitting method employed. The masses and ages of our early-type sample stars were inferred from nonrotating stellar evolution models. This paves the way for reviewing the properties of stellar rotation distributions as a function of stellar mass and age.
Did the Event Horizon Telescope Detect the Base of the Submilliarsecond Tubular Jet in M87?
Authors: Punsly Brian , Chen Sina
Published: November 2021

A high-sensitivity, 7 mm Very Long Baseline Array image of M 87 was previously analyzed in order to estimate the bulk flow jet velocity between 0.4 and 0.65 mas from the point of origin using the asymmetry between the well-characterized double-ridged counter-jet (unique to this image) and the double-ridged jet. We use this same image to estimate the cross-sectional area of this tubular stream. The velocity, acceleration, cross-sectional area, and flux density along this stream determine a unique, perfect magnetohydrodynamic jet solution that satisfies conservation of energy, angular momentum, and mass (a monotonic conversion of Poynting flux to kinetic energy flux along the jet). The solution is protonic and magnetically dominated. The bilateral jet transports ≈1.2 × 10−4
M
⊙ yr−1 and ≈1.1 × 1042 erg s−1, placing strong constraints on the central engine. A Keplerian disk source that also produces the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) annulus of emission can supply the energy and mass if the vertical magnetic field at the equator is ∼1–3.5 G (depending on location). A Parker spiral magnetic field, characteristic of a wind or jet, is consistent with the observed EHT polarization pattern. Even though there is no image of the jet connecting with the annulus, it is argued that these circumstances are not coincidental and the polarized portion of the EHT emission is mainly jet emission in the top layers of the disk that is diluted by emission from an underlying turbulent disk. This is a contributing factor to the relatively low polarization levels that were detected.
Can guava monocultures (Psidium guajava L.) function as refuge for bird conservation?
Authors: da Silva Cleverton , Ruiz-Esparza Juan , da Silva Fabiana Oliveira , de Azevedo Cristiano Schetini , Ribeiro Adauto de Souza
Published: November 2021

Agricultural intensification negatively affects bird communities, and the response of birds to these changes varies from those that survive and increase their populations (disturb-tolerant species) to those that cannot adapt to new conditions and are regionally extinct (disturb-sensitive species). Thus, the present study sought to investigate the bird community in 39 guava orchards in the semiarid region of the state of Sergipe, northeast Brazil. Field observations were made between July and October 2017, through a one-hour visit to each orchard. Samplings were conducted using the MacKinnon’s List method. In addition to bird sampling, walks were carried out in the orchards to observe nesting. Seventy-six species of birds belonging to 30 families were recorded using the guava orchards. The most frequent species wereVanellus chilensis,Columbina talpacoti,Columbina picui,Crotophaga ani,Pitangus sulphuratusandSporophila albogularis. Of the 186 nests recorded in the orchards, the majority (n = 144 nests; 77.4%) belonged toColumbina picui,Columbina talpacotiandColumbina minuta. The results demonstrate that the bird community in the guava orchards is formed only by disturb-tolerant species, showing that the studied guava orchards are not favorable to the conservation of disturb-sensitive birds of the Caatinga domain.
Two new species of Byrrhinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera, Limnichidae, Limnichinae) from Negros, Philippines
Authors: Delocado Emmanuel D. , Freitag Hendrik
Published: November 2021

Two new species of Limnichidae beetles, Byrrhinus negrosensissp. nov. and Byrrhinus villarinisp. nov., are described from the Island of Negros in the Philippines. The adult specimens of the new species can be differentiated by patterns of body punctation, colour and orientation of elytral pubescence, posterolateral angle of pronotum, tarsomere length ratio and aedeagal form. Two clades, representing the two new species, were retrieved in the Maximum Likelihood gene tree using the 3’-end of the COI gene. Maximum genetic divergence within B. negrosensis sp. nov. and B. villarini sp. nov. were recorded to be 2.3% and 1.3%, respectively, while the mean interspecific divergence between the two new species was 19.7%. Morphological descriptions, digital photographs and COI sequences were provided for the two species. The state of knowledge of Byrrhinus is reviewed and an updated Philippine checklist is provided. By coupling morphological and molecular data, this paper provides the first additional new species of Philippine Byrrhinus in the last 28 years.
A new species of Neohagenulus Traver, 1938 from Hispaniola (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, Hagenulinae, Hagenulini)
Authors: Sartori Michel
Published: November 2021

Here, I report a new species of the genus Neohagenulus Traver, 1938 from the Dominican Republic. The genus was believed to be endemic to Puerto Rico until now. Neohagenulus hodecekisp. nov. is described at the nymphal stage. Some discussion on the tribe Hagenulini is also provided.
La figure ambivalente de l’automate chez E. T. A. Hoffmann
Authors: Lacheny Ingrid
Published: November 2021

Quatre récits emblématiques d’E. T. A. Hoffmann (1776-1822) issus des Frères de Saint-Sérapion , des Contes fantastiques ou des Tableaux nocturnes mettent en perspective le regard romantique et éclairé de l’écrivain allemand. Ce dernier porte un regard à la fois critique sur la société et fasciné sur les prouesses techniques de son temps, semblant entrer en dissonance avec le monde merveilleux d’un âge d’or perdu ( Casse-Noisette ), faisant apparaître le visage maléfique du magnétiseur ( Les Automates et Le Magnétiseur ) et soulignant l’échec de l’esthétique mécanique ( Le Marchand de sable ). Il est intéressant de voir comment la perception hoffmannienne de ces phénomènes trouve sa place dans les interrogations contemporaines sur le rôle et la place de l’Homme et de ses créations artificielles.
Ex Machina d’Alex Garland : Femme-machine et Fille d’Ève
Authors: Hugonny Julie
Published: November 2021

La femme-machine, expressément fabriquée pour être la compagne idéale de l’homme est un thème fantastique inépuisable. De la statue de Pygmalion aux Femmes de Stepford , ces versions 2.0 de la moitié de l’humanité sont belles, obéissantes et sexuellement soumises ; elles incarnent une définition toute masculine de la perfection féminine. Ex Machina d’Alex Garland, vient bouleverser ce mythe : Ava, intelligence artificielle au corps de femme, échappe non seulement à la prison de verre dans laquelle elle est enfermée, mais également au rôle de femme-trophée auquel elle est destinée. Ce faisant, elle dénonce notre confiance aveugle en des schémas narratifs obsolètes qui supposent une femme immature et dépendante. Ce film, résolument féministe, délivre une critique cinglante de la société patriarcale, et de notre adhésion tacite à sa vision archaïque des relations humaines.
Vivre en établissement pour personnes âgées dépendantes ou rester à domicile : le rôle du contexte territorial
Authors: Carrère Amélie
Published: November 2021

Le vieillissement de la population soulève la question de l’organisation des soins de long terme pour les personnes âgées dépendantes et du lieu de leur prise en charge : à domicile ou dans un établissement. La France a une politique gérontologique décentralisée au niveau départemental ce qui questionne l’équité territoriale de l’accès à la prise en charge de la perte d’autonomie, car chaque département ne dispose pas des mêmes ressources pour mettre en place les politiques qu’il souhaite. Cet article propose un éclairage sur les déterminants de la prise en charge en établissement en combinant deux enquêtes et des données administratives sur l’offre de services de soins de longue durée. Il estime grâce à des modèles multiniveaux le rôle des besoins, des ressources, de l’aide informelle et formelle dans les inégalités territoriales de recours aux établissements, afin d’identifier les contraintes pesant sur les choix des individus. L’analyse montre de fortes différences quant à la probabilité de vivre en établissement en partie dues aux disparités de disponibilité géographique de l’offre formelle. Elles sont renforcées par les disparités de coût financier à la charge des personnes.
Les modèles graphiques gaussiens : quels apports pour l’analyse exploratoire des données en comportement organisationnel ?
Authors: Lacroux Alain
Published: November 2021

Les enjeux méthodologiques engendrés par l’accès à des sources de données importantes atteignent aujourd’hui des domaines de recherche jusqu’ici peu concernés, comme le comportement organisationnel. La réflexion sur les méthodes applicables pour tirer parti des possibilités offertes par des données secondaires disponibles en grande quantité est relativement récente. Les chercheurs en management, habitués à travailler sur des échantillons de taille modeste dans un cadre hypothético déductif font face à un vrai défi méthodologique lorsqu’ils souhaitent tirer parti de données secondaires en adoptant une approche guidée par les données ( data driven ). Parmi les pistes permettant de relever ce défi figure l’usage de modèles graphiques gaussiens (MGG), qui permettent la visualisation et l’analyse des relations entre un ensemble de variables gaussiennes. L’application de cette « façon de voir » à la psychologie a favorisé le développement d’un courant de recherche très actif, la psychométrie de réseau ( Network Psychometrics ), qui renouvelle l’étude des échelles de mesure et des attitudes en s’appuyant notamment sur des graphes parcimonieux. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer la valeur ajoutée de cette approche dans le champ du comportement organisationnel, lorsqu’elle est utilisée comme outil exploratoire. Nous verrons que les MGG peuvent offrir un point de vue complémentaire lorsqu’il s’agit d’analyser des systèmes d’interactions entre variables et comment ils peuvent s’articuler avec les approches confirmatoires par méthodes d’équations structurelles, plus couramment employées pour ce type d’analyse. Les enjeux de cette articulation seront illustrés par l’exploration de la version française d’une mesure récente de l’implication au travail.
Ronald Dworkin et le fondement des droits, entre jusnaturalisme et constructivisme
Authors: Dittrich-Lagadec Quentin
Published: November 2021

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à situer la position particulière du philosophe Ronald Dworkin à l’égard du droit naturel. Dworkin a formulé une critique du positivisme juridique, qui le rapproche du jusnaturalisme. Toutefois, Dworkin se refuse à fonder les droits sur un supposé ordre moral indépendant que le législateur ou le juge aurait pour tâche de découvrir lorsqu’il produit la loi. Dworkin substitue aux lois naturelles des principes du droit. Ces derniers ne sont pas des vérités morales indépendantes, mais des critères moraux, qu’il est possible de construire rationnellement. Nous montrons ainsi que Dworkin élabore une forme de constructivisme moral, en partie inspiré de John Rawls, mais appliqué au domaine judiciaire au sein duquel les décisions présentes doivent être cohérentes avec les décisions passées, qui lui permet de redéfinir un droit naturel non transcendant.
Travail domestique et production d’un style de vie
Authors: Bozouls Lorraine
Published: November 2021

Cet article analyse la nature et la répartition du travail domestique au sein de ménages de classes supérieures davantage dotés en capital économique que culturel, dont les femmes sont au foyer ou éloignées d’emplois rémunérateurs. En détaillant le rapport de ces femmes au travail domestique, on éclaire des situations asymétriques peu connues, qui renseignent de manière plus large sur l’articulation des rapports sociaux de genre et de classe. Parce que les ménages concernés poussent à son paroxysme la division sexuée du travail qui prévaut dans la majorité des couples, les situations des femmes au foyer offrent un effet de loupe sur les logiques genrées. Cet article démontre que les femmes au foyer sont loin d’être « inactives » et qu’elles participent pleinement au positionnement social du ménage en réalisant notamment un travail d’éducation, de consommation et d’entretien du capital social, qui façonne le style de vie de ces ménages, ancrés au sein des classes supérieures.
L’émigration étudiante des « filles du coin » : Entre émancipation sociale et réassignation spatiale
Authors: Guéraut Élie , Jedlicki Fanny , Noûs Camille
Published: November 2021

Cet article traite de la question des migrations résidentielles engendrées par la poursuite d’études supérieures en France. Si depuis les années 1990, l’accès à l’Université s’est largement massifié, cette ouverture s’est faite au prix d’une forte hiérarchisation des filières de l’enseignement supérieur, au sein de laquelle la position occupée dépend en grande partie du sexe et de l’origine sociale. Dans une première partie reposant sur l’exploitation de données statistiques et d’études de cas, cet article revient sur la dimension spatiale de la distribution des étudiant·e·s dans l’espace de l’enseignement supérieur. Les femmes tendent plus que les hommes à quitter leur lieu de résidence à l’issue du baccalauréat, mais également à y retourner une fois leurs études achevées, à plus forte raison dans les classes populaires. La deuxième partie de cet article montre que ce phénomène, qui concerne en particulier les jeunes femmes originaires des espaces ruraux et des villes petites et moyennes, s’explique par un déficit de ressources sociales ainsi que par les multiples rappels aux origines qui s’exercent sur elles. L’article souligne in fine les petites différences dans les trajectoires des étudiantes « du coin », selon la fraction occupée dans les classes populaires.
L’étoffe du travailleur. Genre et vêtement professionnel en France (années 1870-1920)
Authors: Brucker Jérémie
Published: November 2021

À la fin du xix e et au début du xx e  siècles, le vêtement de travail fait l’objet d’une attention accrue de la part des différents acteurs du monde professionnel. Loin d’être anodin et librement choisi par les travailleurs et les travailleuses, le vêtement de travail s’inscrit dans des dynamiques socio-économiques et dans des contextes politiques, culturels et professionnels diversement astreignants. Dirigeant·e·s, législateurs/rices, acteurs/rices de la société civile et travailleurs/euses participent à des processus de codification vestimentaire qui font de la tenue de travail le produit d’une fabrique sociale à la fin du xix e  siècle. Pratiques et interdits sociaux de genre tendent alors à normaliser les usages vestimentaires au sein du monde professionnel, notamment ouvrier et employé.
Epithelial Flap Corneal Cross-linking
Authors: Borroni Davide , Bonzano Chiara , Hristova Rozaliya , Rachwani-Anil Rahul , Sánchez-González José María , de Lossada Carlos Rocha
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE:

To compare standard epithelium-off corneal cross-linking (standard Epi-Off CXL) to corneal cross-linking with an epithelial flap (Epi-Flap CXL).

METHODS:

Patients who had undergone sequential bilateral CXL for progressive keratoconus were included in this comparative interventional case series. One eye was treated with the Epi-Off CXL technique and the fellow eye with the Epi-Flap CXL technique. Postoperative pain was measured using the Verbal Rating Scale and corneal densitometry using a Scheimpflug camera. Sex, age, corrected distance visual acuity, keratometry, and corneal thickness were also recorded.

RESULTS:

Twenty-four eyes of 12 patients with keratoconus with a mean age of 27.15 ± 5.15 years were included. The Verbal Rating Scale scores were significantly lower in patients who had Epi-Flap CXL on the first (1.00 [interquartile range (IQR): 0.00 to 1.00] vs 3.00 [IQR: 3.00 to 3.75],
P
= .01) and third (0.00 [IQR: 0.00 to 1.00] vs 1.00 [IQR: 0.00 to 1.00],
P
= .01) postoperative day compared to the Epi-Off CXL group. No pain was observed in both groups after the third day. After 12 months, the Epi-Flap CXL group showed significantly less anterior corneal haze (measured as corneal densitometry) compared to the patients treated with Epi-Off CXL (
P
= .01). Both groups demonstrated stability of keratometry and corneal thickness at 12 months after CXL (
P
< .01).

CONCLUSIONS:

Epi-Flap CXL is associated with less postoperative pain and anterior stromal haze in patients undergoing CXL for progressive keratoconus with no loss of efficacy.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(11):741–745.]
Current Recommendations on Returning to Youth Sports After COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Le Hung M. , Stracciolini Andrea
Published: November 2021

Children represent a small fraction of total cumulative cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The potential health consequences related to infection for children are not inconsequential. For example, some may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, which is commonly associated with cardiovascular involvement. Nevertheless, the short- and long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unknown. In particular, the impact on physical health and how it affects one's ability to return to physical activity are continuously evolving. As more youth sports organizations are lifting restrictions, the volume of youth athletes will increase and the demand for providing medical clearance will grow. This article aims to provide a review of return to physical activity guidelines for young athletes post–SARS-CoV-2 infection based on expert consensus statements and professional organization recommendations.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2021;50(11):e461–e464.]
Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: When to Worry About Worry
Authors: Kornfeld Benjamin , Wild Bridget M.
Published: November 2021

Anxiety is incredibly common and even normal as a waxing and waning dominant emotion for children. However, attention to disruptive symptoms that prevent daily functioning or prevent a child from thriving is within the purview of the general pediatric medical home. We review diagnosis, current tools readily accessible to every pediatrician, and treatment approaches, with special sensitivity to pandemic-related barriers and outcomes related to pediatric anxiety disorders. More than ever, the general pediatrician should be prepared to co-manage anxiety disorders with an interprofessional mental health team.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(11):e446–e448.]
Health Literacy Levels and Predictors Among Lebanese Adults Visiting Outpatient Clinics in Beirut
Authors: Bouclaous Carmel H. , Salem Samer , Ghanem Ahmad , Saade Namir , El Haddad Jad , Bou Malham Melissa , Al Osta Soad , Matar Karen , Nassar Elma , Yared Georges , Khiami Majd , Joe Eid Mary
Published: November 2021

Background:

To date, there has been a dearth of research on health literacy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and in particular Lebanon.

Objectives:

This cross-sectional study assessed the levels and correlates of health literacy in Lebanese adults.

Methods:

A total of 587 participants (54.5% women) were recruited from the outpatient clinics of five health facilities in Beirut. The questionnaire consisted of the Arabic version of the Functional Health literacy Scale, the Arabic short version of the European Health Literacy Survey, and questions on sociodemographic and health-related factors. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to assess the association of these factors with functional health literacy (FHL) and comprehensive health literacy (CHL) levels.

Key Results:

About 65.8% had inadequate or problematic FHL and 43.8% had inadequate or problematic CHL. Although FHL was negatively correlated with long-term illness, it was positively correlated with ability to pay and health status. CHL was positively correlated with education, income, ability to pay for treatment, health status, and FHL level, whereas it was negatively correlated with long-term illness. Binary logistic regression showed that low education, low socioeconomic status, and being a widow were predictive of inadequate FHL. Moreover, having inadequate FHL and low income increased the likelihood of having inadequate CHL.

Conclusion:

This study has identified those with risk factors for inadequate health literacy and unfavorable health outcomes. A national action plan can guide the promotion of health literacy and its embeddedness in society to instill competencies and the environment that would eliminate health inequities and sustain health in Lebanon.[HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2021;5(4):e295–e309.]

Plain Language Summary:

This study examined health literacy levels and correlates in 587 Lebanese adults using two recognized screening tools. The first tool measured functional health literacy (FHL), which represents the ability of a person to acquire information on health through reading or writing. The second tool assessed comprehensive health literacy (CHL), which encompasses the ability of a person to use their social skills to acquire health information from different media and make appropriate health decisions based on this information. Close to two-thirds of the participants had inadequate or problematic FHL. More specifically, low education, low socioeconomic status, and widowhood were predictive of inadequate FHL. Nearly one-half of the participants had inadequate or problematic CHL with an increased likelihood of inadequate levels in people with low FHL and low income.
Using Dynamic Fourier Analysis to Discriminate Between Seismic Signals from Natural Earthquakes and Mining Explosions
Authors: Mariani Maria C. ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968-0514, USA, Gonzalez-Huizar Hector , Bhuiyan Masum Md Al , Tweneboah Osei K. ,   Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968-0514, USA,   Computational Science Program, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968-0514, USA
Published: November 2021

A sequence of intraplate earthquakes occurred in Arizona at the same location where mining explosions were carried out in previous years. The explosions and some of the earthquakes generated very similar seismic signals. In this study Dynamic Fourier Analysis is used for discriminating signals originating from natural earthquakes and mining explosions. Frequency analysis of seismograms recorded at regional distances shows that compared with the mining explosions the earthquake signals have larger amplitudes in the frequency interval ~ 6 to 8 Hz and significantly smaller amplitudes in the frequency interval ~ 2 to 4 Hz. This type of analysis permits identifying characteristics in the seismograms frequency yielding to detect potentially risky seismic events.
On some types of functions and a form of compactness via $ \omega _{s} $-open sets
Authors: Ghour Samer Al ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
Published: November 2021

In this paper, $ \omega _{s} $-irresoluteness as a strong form of $ \omega _{s} $-continuity is introduced. It is proved that $ \omega _{s} $-irresoluteness is independent of each of continuity and irresoluteness. Also, $ \omega _{s} $-openness which lies strictly between openness and semi-openness is defined. Sufficient conditions for the equivalence between $ \omega _{s} $-openness and openness, and between $ \omega _{s} $-openness and semi-openness are given. Moreover, pre-$ \omega _{s} $ -openness which is a strong form of $ \omega _{s} $-openness and independent of each of openness and pre-semi-openness is introduced. Furthermore, slight $ \omega _{s} $-continuity as a new class of functions which lies between slight continuity and slight semi-continuity is introduced. Several results related to slight $ \omega _{s} $-continuity are introduced, in particular, sufficient conditions for the equivalence between slight $ \omega _{s} $ -continuity and slight continuity, and between slight $ \omega _{s} $ -continuity and slight semi-continuity are given. In addition to these, $ \omega _{s} $-compactness as a new class of topological spaces that lies strictly between compactness and semi-compactness is introduced. It is proved that locally countable compact topological spaces are $ \omega _{s} $ -compact. Also, it is proved that anti-locally countable $ \omega _{s} $ -compact topological spaces are semi-compact. Several implications, examples, counter-examples, characterizations, and mapping theorems are introduced related to the above concepts are introduced.
Analytical solutions of incommensurate fractional differential equation systems with fractional order $ 1 < \alpha, \beta < 2 $ via bivariate Mittag-Leffler functions
Authors: Ng Yong Xian ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia, Phang Chang , Loh Jian Rong , Isah Abdulnasir ,   Foundation in Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia,   Department of Mathematics Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq,   Center for Computational Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we derive the explicit analytical solution of incommensurate fractional differential equation systems with fractional order $ 1 < \alpha, \beta < 2 $. The derivation is extended from a recently published paper by Huseynov et al. in [1], which is limited for incommensurate fractional order $ 0 < \alpha, \beta < 1 $. The incommensurate fractional differential equation systems were first converted to Volterra integral equations. Then, the Mittag-Leffler function and Picard's successive approximations were used to obtain the analytical solution of incommensurate fractional order systems with $ 1 < \alpha, \beta < 2 $. The solution will be simplified via some combinatorial concepts and bivariate Mittag-Leffler function. Some special cases will be discussed, while some examples will be given at the end of this paper.
Assessment of community psycho-behavioral responses during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): a cross-sectional study
Authors: Magdy Doaa M ,   Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt, Metwally Ahmed , Magdy Omar ,   Medical student Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt
Published: November 2021

The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) is a public health emergency of international concern resulting in adverse psychological impacts during the epidemic.

Methods

From 1 to 10 April 2020, we conducted an online survey. The online survey collected information on demographic data, precautionary measures against (2019-nCoV), self-health evaluation, knowledge, and concerns about (2019-nCoV), and appraisal of crisis management. The psychological impact was assessed by the General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The designed questionnaire was answered by participants, and collected data were statistically analyzed.

Results

This study included 1200 respondents. In total, 80% of respondents rated the psychological impact; 18% reported minimal anxiety; 34% reported mild anxiety, and 48% with moderate anxiety symptoms. A large proportion (74%) believed that they were very or somewhat likely to contract (2019-nCoV) while only (35%) believed they were unlikely to survive if they contracted the disease. (58%) of the respondents, practiced the precautionary measures directed against person-to-person droplet spread. Respondents with a moderate level of anxiety were most likely to take comprehensive precautionary measures against the infection. Also, older, female, more educated people as well as those who are more likely to contract the infection.

Conclusions

During the outbreak, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate anxiety. Thus, the psychological needs during the outbreak should be addressed appropriately. Our results highlight the need to promote protective personal health practices to interrupt the transmission of the (2019-nCoV) in the community. Therefore, educational public programs about preventive measures should be targeted at the identified groups with low current uptake of precautions.
La villa romana de Salar (Granada). El programa escultórico en contexto arqueológico
Authors: Loza Azuaga María Luisa , Beltrán Fortes José , Román Punzón Julio Miguel , Ruiz Montes Pablo , Moreno Alcaide Manuel , Fernández García María Isabel
Published: November 2021

Durante la última década se han desarrollado varias campañas de excavación en la villa romana de Salar (Granada, España), situada en la provincial romana de la Bética. El sector excavado corresponde a la pars urbana, articulada en torno a un gran peristilo central. Presidiendo uno de los lados cortos del patio abierto se sitúa el triclinium, asociado con un nymphaeum. El ambulacrum en el lado opuesto del peristilo ha sido también excavado, descubriéndose un pavimento de mosaico con una interesante escena de caza, así como otras habitaciones que abren a este patio. En este trabajo se aborda el estudio tipológico e iconográfico del programa escultórico de la villa. El conjunto está integrado por: dos esculturas de ninfas, descubiertas en el nymphaeum asociado con el triclinium; y 2) una estatua de Venus, tipo Capitolina, que posiblemente decorase otra fuente, localizada en el lado sur del peristilo. El contexto arqueológico y los análisis petrográficos se integran en el estudio de las piezas, así como el análisis del programa escultórico del nymphaeum y el jardín circundante.
Las semblanzas literarias de Carmen de Burgos en La Novela Corta: la historia del romanticismo español contada al gran público
Authors: Navas Ocaña Isabel
Published: November 2021

Llevada por su vocación divulgativa, la colección «La Novela Corta» decide en 1917 homenajear a los novelistas españoles del siglo XIX con la publicación de algunos de sus relatos, que irían precedidos de una semblanza biográfica. Carmen de Burgos se hizo cargo del proyecto entre 1919 y 1920 y fue la autora de las semblanzas de Zorrilla, Martínez de la Rosa, Espronceda, Mesonero, Cánovas, Campoamor, Escosura, Hartzenbusch y Ayguals de Izco. Ofrece así al gran público algunos de los episodios más célebres protagonizados por la generación romántica, desde la consagración como poeta de Zorrilla en el funeral de Larra o el éxito clamoroso de Los amantes de Teruel de Hartzenbusch hasta el sonado romance de Espronceda con Teresa Mancha. Estas semblanzas de Carmen de Burgos no se han reeditado desde 1919 y tampoco han recibido atención por parte de la crítica. Nuestro objetivo aquí es analizar este interesante aspecto de la producción crítica de la escritora almeriense.
Cartas a Juan Antonio Cabezas: un epistolario inédito
Authors: Núñez Díaz Pablo
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer, por primera vez, la edición de las catorce cartas de escritores que se conservan en el archivo epistolar del periodista y escritor asturiano Juan Antonio Cabezas, inéditas hasta la fecha, y profundizar en el contenido de las mismas que pueda aportar luz sobre la historia de la literatura de su tiempo. Las misivas, fechadas entre 1957 y 1990, pertenecen a Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Antonio Ortega, Mariano Sánchez Roca, Dionisio Gamallo, José María Pemán, José María de Cossío, Guillermo de Torre, Luis Amado-Blanco, Manuel Fernández Avello, Jorge Guillén, Dolores Medio, Manuel Pilares y Natalia Figueroa (los nombres se citan siguiendo el orden cronológico de las cartas). Los documentos contienen datos de interés sobre la guerra civil española, el ambiente literario durante el franquismo, o los recuerdos y los proyectos tanto de los emisarios como del propio Juan Antonio Cabezas.
A materialidade do domínio comum na cidade contemporânea: Coeficiente de Espaço Público em Curitiba, Brasil
Authors: Rosaneli Alessandro Filla
Published: November 2021

O espaço público físico é imprescindível para a vida nas cidades. Contudo, sua desigual distribuição pelo território tem contribuído para que o espaço urbano se torne mais segregado, acarretando prejuízos para o pleno desenvolvimento sustentável das atividades do cotidiano. Nesse artigo se expõe os resultados de uma análise de natureza quantitativa e distributiva dos espaços públicos do município de Curitiba como forma de contribuir no processo de mensuração da qualidade de vida urbana. A partir de conceituação preliminar e metodologia específica, utilizam-se dados oficiais para se construir uma leitura que evidencie a relevância dos distintos tipos de espaços públicos na conformação dessa realidade urbana. Para tanto, através da adoção do “Coeficiente de Espaço Público” como método de primeira aproximação, apresenta-se um indicador espacial com potencial de estabelecer estudos comparativos e, assim, fornecer mecanismos para uma melhor compreensão das características do domínio público na cidade contemporânea.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Purine-Phenoxazine and Purine-Phenothiazine Conjugates
Authors: Sebris Armands , Traskovskis Kaspars , Novosjolova Irina , Turks Māris
Published: November 2021

Electron donating phenoxazine and phenothiazine groups were introduced in an electron deficient purine structure through a benzene ring bridge to facilitate thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Mitsunobu and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions were used to synthesize the target compounds. Photophysical properties of target compounds were explored and quantum yields in the thin layer film reached up to 8 % and in the PMMA doped thin layer film up to 15 %.
Optimization of Exposed Concrete Pigmented with FexOy
Authors: Juhnevica Inna , Čurakovs Artūrs
Published: November 2021

Lately concrete has been used not only as backbone of structure but as esthetic construction art. The challenge is to combine these two parameters and predict concrete behavior. The target of this paper is to successfully develop easily controllable, visually attractive concrete that provides with necessary compressive strength criteria. Two mix designs with Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 pigments were tested for 1, 3, 7, 14, 28-day compressive strength. Concrete samples were left indoors and outdoors to investigate migration of salts also called as efflorescence. Concrete mix designs without pigment additive showed higher compressive strength as well as density compering to pigmented concrete. Pigmented concrete outdoor specimens showed increased migration of salts on surface comparing to indoor specimens.
Effect of the Reinforced Plastic Clamp Fitting on the Bending Strength of the Spruce T-Type Loose Tenon Joints
Authors: Ķīsis Artūrs , Ilze Gūtmane , Kirilovs Edgars
Published: November 2021

This article presents the bending strength and flexural properties of the glued T-type spruce loose tenon construction joints with and without reinforced plastic clamp fitting. Construction joints are designed according to Eurocode 5. The samples are made from European spruce (Picea abies Karst.) C24 class construction material with relative wood moisture 18% and relative wood density 410 kg/m3. Samples are assembled with water/high temperature resistant polyurethane adhesive and polyvinyl acetate dispersion adhesive. The total number of samples is 48. The sample width is 95mm and thickness is 45mm. Samples were subjected to moisture, weight controls and 48h stored in the climate chamber before practical bending load test. T-type loose tenon joint construction samples with reinforced plastic clamp fittings glued with polyurethane adhesive under bending load are 2.6% stronger and 13.8% less flexural then without reinforced plastic clamp fittings. T-type loose tenon joint construction samples with reinforced plastic clamp fittings glued with polyvinyl acetate dispersion adhesive under bending load are 9.7% weaker and 20% less flexural then without reinforced plastic clamp fittings. The accuracy of the developed bending strength, deformability and elasticity modulus of the examined construction joints was verified positively by experimental studies.
Influence of Crystallization Additives on Morphology of Selected Benzoic Acids - A Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation Study
Authors: Semjonova Aina , Bērziņš Agris
Published: November 2021

The possibility to modify the morphology by crystallization additives of model substances was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. For this 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, each having two polymorphic forms, including a form without carboxylic acid homodimers in their crystal structure were selected. For each polymorph 2-3 largest crystal faces were selected for the study and the crystal was cut along these planes by preparing a simulation box with these planes facing towards solution containing additives. In the performed study it was evaluated which additives potentially can influence the crystal morphology and possibly also polymorph obtained in the crystallization by significantly changing the growth rate of crystal by adsorbing on the surface. For the study 4-5 additives providing different intermolecular interaction possibilities were selected. Among the studied additives urea showed the most complete adsorption and the longest residence time on surfaces of both substances, with the exceptions of few specific planes.