bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The methods of scenario designing for the development of regional systems of vocational education and training
Authors: Blinov V. I. , Satdykov A. I. , Sergeev I. S. , Rodichev N. F.
Published: February 2021

Introduction.Despite the increasing importance of the vocational education and training systems in the developed countries, with rare exceptions, there are no strategic management tools adequate to the present context. The system of vocational education and training (VET), being a complex and multidimensional object, requires adequate approaches to manage its development. The present article demonstrates one of these approaches based on forecasting possible system states in the long term, identifying and comparing alternative development scenarios. The requirements for describing scenarios for the development of regional vocational education and training system, including the possible structure of the description and parameters of the scenarios, are presented and justified. The advantages of an approach to forecasting, based on a comprehensive qualitative description of possible states of the regional ecosystem of VET, are shown.

The aimof the present article was to demonstrate a scientific approach to long-term forecasting of the development of vocational education and training.

Methodology and research methods. The current research is based on the methodology of system analysis of social objects, using the methods of comparative analysis and modeling of social systems, scenario planning and expert methods.

Results and scientific novelty.As a result of the research, a methodology for the scientific description of scenarios for the development of vocational education and training, under the influence of a set of probable factors, was developed. The novelty of the results lies in the possibility of constructing a number of alternative scenarios using relatively stable model modules.

Practical significance.The research results can be applied in the process of strategic planning for the development of vocational education and training in the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as for the regional vocational education and training systems of other countries.
Social context of educational failure of students
Authors: Zborovsky G. E. , Ambarova P. A.
Published: February 2021

Introduction.The article considers the educational failure of students as a social problem. Its relevance is due to the growth of educationally unsuccessful students and the need to overcome this phenomenon.

The aimof the present article was to analyse the nature of the influence of the social context on the educational failure of students.

Methodology and research methods.The research is based on the interdisciplinary methodology, which integrates the principles of sociological, psychological, socio-psychological, economic, and pedagogical approaches in the study of educational failure and ways to overcome it. The empirical basis of the article is the results of an interdisciplinary study using a qualitative mix strategy (2019–2020). The following methods were employed: semi-formal expert interviews, focus groups with school, college and university students, and the analysis of essays by high school students.

Results and scientific novelty.The novelty of the research consists in the interpretation of educational failure, its social context, and in showing the limitations of the educational approach to the analysis of the phenomenon under consideration. The main results presented in the article involve the interpretation of educational failure as an educational and social phenomenon and its social context; the characteristics of the main contextual factors, which are analysed as social inequality in education, educational policy, the place of education in the system of social values and in the model of social success. The results of the empirical research reveal the understanding of educational failure as a social phenomenon, its social causes. It is concluded that the modern social context of Russian education limits the possibility of overcoming this phenomenon and needs to be changed

Practical significanceof the article is the possibility to take into account the results of the research to improve social technologies for overcoming educational failure.
Preadaptation of students to innovation activity and formation of practices of futures scenario building
Authors: Rabinovich P. D. , Kremneva L. V. , Zavedenskiy K. E. , Shekhter E. D. , Apenko S. N.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The approaches applied to reforms in the education systems in different countries assume notable importance of adapting students to changes in the environment and to its future conditions. In this case, the future is predicted as a continued present. This approach contradicts ongoing changes in reality, which are characterised by a high degree of unpredictability, and risks of unexpected future scenarios. Therefore, the search for new concepts of education development based on a set of theoretical provisions on preadaptation of students to changes in the environment and design of mechanisms for embedding in future models has emerged as an essential scientific problem.

The aim of the present research was to develop methodological basis and means (educational practices) of the preadaptation of students to innovation activity and formation of practices of futures scenario building.

Methodology and research methods. The research methodological framework is based on the historical-evolutionary approach and the methodology of futurology. The applied methodology enabled the authors to conduct the research based on the principles of combination of adaptation and preadaptation of students to innovative activities, the importance of developing practices for futures scenario building focused on the ideas of futurology. The research methods involve generalisation of scientific statements and logical deduction of new knowledge; analysis of practice using the case study method (more than 120 school cases were studied); experimental verification of authors’ materials (testing of practices for futures scenario building based on 25 schools in several regions of Russia).

Results and scientific novelty. The authors introduce the concept of the role and content of the process of preadaptation of students. Methodological basis for practices of futures scenario building was developed. The taxonomy of the practices of futures scenario building is described. The provisions on students’ preadaptation to innovative activity and formation of active position towards the future are developed. The proposed methodology of practices of futures scenario building determines the role of these practices, their content, implementation technology, grouping and use at three levels: personal development, communicative or social development, and active development of the student’s personality. The research results can be considered as the evolutionary development of the provisions of traditional adaptive theories.

Practical significance. Long-term experience of the authors in creating the methodology and educational practices of cooperation with the future enables to design educational activity in a new way and to succeed in the realisation of the concept of variative education and formation of metasubject competences, which assume inter alia competences of future thinking as well as self-positioning therein.
Anxiety as a prevailing factor of performance of university mathematics students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mendoza D. , Cejas M. , Rivas G. , Varguillas C.
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Anxiety is characterised by feelings of tension, apprehension or fear. It arises from concern about student performance at university, with an emphasis on exact science subjects. It is not only students, who suffer from mathematical anxiety. However, anxiety is a predominant factor in student performance at all levels.

The aim of the research was to describe the levels of anxiety also known as distress manifested by university mathematics students studying at the Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH) during the 2020-1 academic semester.

Methodology and research methods. The current study was carried out applying the quantitative paradigm. It is of a descriptive exploratory design. The total sample consisted of 120 students, who are preparing at their university level, and, who are studying the subject of mathematics at different levels and careers at UNACH. The selection of the sample was of an intentional non-probabilistic type and having as inclusion criteria not having been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. As a measurement instrument, the Short Inventory of Anxiety Situations and Responses-ISRA-B was applied. ISRA-B was sent to students by email to facilitate data collection.

Results. The results were analysed by means of the two-factor ANOVA calculation (mathematics and understanding). The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in the understanding of the contents presented by the teachers in a virtual way. During the COVID-19 pandemic the levels of mathematical anxiety increased. Teaching mathematics at university in online format requires the assessment of digital connection and time limited submission of assignments. These factors limit understanding and generate mathematical anxiety. Scientific novelty. In face-to-face education, mathematical anxiety is common. But because of the pandemic, mathematics education has had to migrate to the virtual environment. The present research reflects the impact of anxiety not only on mathematics education and academic performance but also on the emotions of students. The data collection instruments ISRA-B-C, ISRA-B-F and ISRA-B-M are innovative and adaptable to all levels of education.

Practical significance. The importance of mathematics and the overestimation of its difficulties cause great concern for the learning of this subject in studies at a higher university level. The current studies of virtual mathematical anxiety are important because they allow the detection and analysis of possible educational failures in online learning. The failures of online education have a direct impact not only on performance and learning, but on an emotional state of students.
Risk Analysis and Data Protection Impact Assessment Conducted in the Public Sector
Authors: Olender Aleksandra
Published: February 2021

The European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data and the repeal of Directive 95/46 / EC, introduced a new one, a proactive model of protection of personal data processed in the organization, based on a risk-based approach. It imposed some new obligations on the administrators, related to conducting analysis of the risk of violation of the rights and freedoms of the persons, whose data they process. Considering the scope, scale and categories of personal data processed, public sector entities face a huge challenge to meet the restrictions of the EU legislator. An additional difficulty is often a very extensive organizational structure, complicated processing processes, limited financial resources and unadjusted IT systems. The article discusses the issues of risk analysis and impact assessment for the protection of personal data processed in the public sector, in order to meet the requirements of the GDPR. The key issue in this respect is the adoption of an appropriate methodology in the risk estimation process, because properly carried out, it enables the implementation of security measures adequate to potential threats.
Comunidades pro-ana: una revisión de la anorexia en redes sociales virtuales
Authors: Ruano Ibarra Luis Eduardo , Hoyos Marcela , Arboleda Ramos Juan David
Published: February 2021

Se describe el estilo de vida y las lógicas discursivas de personas que hacen parte de comunidades virtuales Pro Ana en las redes sociales de Facebook y WhatsApp. A través de una indagación basada en la etnografía virtual –Netnografía– se recolectaron datos provenientes de la interacción digital de mujeres con rasgos anoréxicos que se congregaban en grupos Pro Ana. Posteriormente, mediante el método cualitativo de teoría fundamentada, se integraron diversas categorías de análisis que permitieron describir el fenómeno de estudio a partir de una perspectiva que expone las evidencias halladas y las contrasta con la producción académica examinada al respecto. Los resultados alcanzados indican la incidencia de aspectos como la cultura, la identidad o las emociones en las representaciones y concepciones fundamentales que convocan a las mujeres a hacer parte de estas comunidades virtuales y que refuerzan prácticas a favor de un estilo de vida pro anorexia.
Perception, Attitude, and Knowledge of Nursing Students towards Wet Cupping Therapy (Hijamah)
Authors: Syahruramdhani Syahruramdhani , Taupikurrahman Muhammad , Pasha Altaf Maulana
Published: February 2021

Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is a part of the health system that is well known and useful worldwide. One of the therapies used by many people is wet cupping therapy (hijamah). Nowadays, wet cupping therapy (hijamah) is taught in nursing and medical school.Objective: The study investigates the perception, attitude, and knowledge of nursing students toward wet cupping therapy (hijamah).Method: This study was quantitative research that uses descriptive research design and cross-sectional approaches. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with 85 respondents. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with bivariate analysis.Result: The result showed that the perceptions of the respondents were mostly in the average category, with the best perception of respondents is in the benefit component (76.5%). Respondents have good view of cupping therapy as is useful as a form treatment, and is more practical and affordable. The respondents' attitudes and knowledge were in the average category, which was 58.8% and 68.2%.  This study showed that most respondents already understand that cupping (hijamah) is a treatment with contraindications to specific health conditions. Respondents also could show the basic scientific concepts of cupping and hadiths that explained cupping. However, some respondents still think that cupping (hijamah) can be applied for all ages.Conclusion: In conclusion, respondents' perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge toward wet cupping therapy (hijamah) were still insufficient in some aspects.
Clinical prevalence of stroke in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India
Authors: Kannan Vinoth , Justin C. , Prashanth P. R. Sai , Alexander Neenu
Published: February 2021

Background: Stroke is the second most deadly disease in the world next only to ischemic heart disease. The incidence of stroke continues to rise particularly among young individuals. Given the paucity of data and lack of reliable reporting mechanisms, understanding the epidemiology of stroke in India is challenging. This study aims to review the prevalence of stroke in a tertiary care hospital in southern India.Methods: The study includes all the Stroke patients admitted in Government Rajaji Hospital and Madurai Medical College, Madurai during the period of 01 January 2018 to 31 December 2018.Results: A total of 1168 patients were taken into study, there were 779 males and 389 females. There were a total of 848 ischaemic stroke patients (72.60%), when compared to 320 haemorrhagic stroke patients 27.39%. Anterior circulation stroke prevalence was higher (88.27%) when compared to posterior circulation stroke. A total 498 patients (42.63%) belonged to the age group of 40 to 60 years.Conclusions: There is inadequate data regarding the prevalence of stroke in India and decade old data indicates that there is an increasing prevalence. Hence the study reviewed the current prevalence of stroke in a tertiary care centre in southern Tamil Nadu.
A comparative study on outcome of surgical management of varicose veins with and without venous stripping
Authors: Balasubramaniam V.
Published: February 2021

Background: Varicose veins are dilated, elongated and tortuous veins. Though not a very fatal disease the morbidity caused by this disease is more. The treatment modalities available are conservative, surgical and endovenous therapies. In this comparative study, the outcome of surgical management of varicose veins with and without venous stripping is compared and analyzed.Methods: During the period of September 2017 to November 2018. 92 cases of varicose veins were operated in all surgical units in the headquarters hospital, Ooty. A thorough clinical examination in good light will give the maximum information about the varicosities. To avoid recurrence due to anatomic variations in the leg veins and to mark the exact site of incompetent vessels for easy surgical approach with minimal incisions and to rule out deep vein thrombosis (DVT) imaging studies are now routinely done.Results: The hematoma formation in the thigh was seen in 28% of patients who underwent venous stripping whereas it was seen in 4% who underwent Trendelenburg procedure alone without venous stripping. These wounds were examined in the postoperative period. 4% of patients in each group had delayed wound healing.Conclusions: Concerning wound healing, hospital stay, and pain relief there is no significant difference between the two procedures. So, as for as the variables observed, the Trendelenburg procedure with incompetent perforators ligation without venous stripping appears to be better than Trendelenburg procedure with incompetent perforators ligation with venous stripping.
Acculturation of islamic culture as a symbol of siraman rituals in java traditional wedding
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi , Sabiq Ahmad Fikri
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the acculturation of Islam and local culture in the Javanese traditional wedding ceremony. This research uses a qualitative approach. Collecting data by interview, observation, and documentation. The location of this research is in Kedungjati, Grobogan. Data analysis using the semiotic theory of Roland Barthes. The result of this research is that the ritual of siraman in Javanese traditional wedding in Kedungjati has connotation, denotation, and myth meaning as in the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes. The siraman ritual has sixteen stages of the process, namely the installation of bleketepe, sungkeman, ngracik toyo, praying, siraman, sesuci, pecah kendhi pratolo, pondhongan or gendongan, ganti busana, pangkas rikma, tanam rikma, pagas tumpeng, Dulang pungkasan, adol dawet, itung duwit, and simpen pedaringan.
Analysis of the Influence of the Cathodic Polarization Value on the Amount of Hydrogen Sorption of Al-Sm with the Alloy of Electrochemical Measurements
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Lukyanova Viktoriya O. , Gots Irina Yu. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: February 2021

The effect of cathodic polarization on the rate of hydrogen sorption from an aqueous organic electrolyte on an Al-Sm alloy using the potentiostatic and potentiodynamic methods were studied. The obtained data allowed us to calculate the diffusion-kinetic characteristics of this process, such as the interstitial constant, diffusion constant CН √ D, constant current iconst, diffusion coefficient D and adsorption of hydrogen atoms G. The number of nuclei decreases, but their mass and radius increase in the potential range from –2.0 V to –2.4 V. The adsorption of hydrogen on the surface increases; which confirms that predominance of the discharge of hydrogen atoms occurs at more negative potentials according to the recombination mechanism.
The Hybrid USERN 2020 Congress: New Standards for Events in Practice
Authors: Hanaei Sara , Sarzaeim Mojdeh , Yazdanpanah Niloufar , Rahimi Pirkoohi Zahra , Ziaei Heliya , Mohamed Kawthar , Samieefar Noosha , Keshavarz-Fathi Mahsa , Kolahchi Zahra , Moradian Negar , Momtazmanesh Sara , Seyedpour Simin , Jaberipour Ali , Ashkevarian Saboura , Rezaei Nima
Published: February 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
A Comprehensive Review on COVID-19 Infection and Comorbidities of Various Organs
Authors: Fattahi Nima , Goodarzi Azadeh , Alizadeh-Khoei Mahtab , Miri Shahnaz , Hekmat Hamidreza , Bodaghabadi Mohammad , Nikkhah Farahnaz
Published: February 2021

In the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, underlying diseases such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory illness, liver and kidney disease or malignancies, have a critical prognostic role for these patients. Due to the increased risk of mortality in patients with established or new-onset comorbidities, we decided to conduct a study to further investigate the possible comorbidities and treatment recommendations of COVID-19. All articles published by March 25, 2020, on the new coronavirus infection were reviewed and for cutaneous manifestation as a new emerging concern, by April 25, 2020. ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed databases were searched, and keywords such as "COVID-19", "2019- nCoV", "Coronavirus2019", "SARS-CoV-2”, and "comorbidity" have been used. The most important comorbidity in elderly patients with confirmedCOVID-19 was cardiovascular disease, followed by diabetes and chronic respiratory disease, respectively, and on the other hand, COVID-19 itself could cause acute heart, lung, liver, kidney, and skin disease. Also, the prevalence of underlying diseases in dead patients or patients with severe COVID-19 is higher than the others. Considering treatment, drug interactions, and careful drug adjustment based on hepatic and renal metabolism are essential. The results of this study showed that the mortality rate and ICU admission in people with the underlying disease is higher than in other people. Also, we must pay attention to the possible multi-organ damages and comorbidities for the protection and successful treatment of COVID-19. There are some comorbidities like primary cutaneous manifestations that may have diagnostic or prognostic values in the COVID-19 course.
Evaluating the Effect of Macro-Level Health Policies on Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic Control in Iran
Authors: Meskarpour-Amiri Mohammad , Mehdizadeh Parisa , Yaghoubi Maryam , Hosseini Shokouh Sayyed Morteza , Nasiri Taha , Hassanlouei Babak , Amini Hosein
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of macro-level health policies on COVID-19 outbreak control in Iran. This was a descriptive-analytical study of the applied time series performed on April 19, 2020. The effect of four macro-health interventions, including reducing overcrowding, social distancing, limitation of high-risk economic activities, and active case detection, was examined. The Vector autoregression (VAR) was used to investigate the effect of the interventions. The augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) was used to ensure the time stability of the time series and the existence of a unit-root. To analyzing data and estimation VAR models, STATA software was used. P of less than 0.1 was considered significant. The increase in the number of cases with two days’ lag had a positive and significant effect on increasing the number of new cases of the COVID-19 (C=0.176, P=0.097). Adopting an overcrowding reduction policy with both 2-day lags (c=0.095, P=0.066) and 4-day lags (c=0.314, P=0.000) had a negative and significant effect on increasing the number of new cases of the COVID-19. Our study showed that overcrowding reduction and new COVID-19 case detection could play an effective role in controlling the epidemic of COVID-19 in Iran. It seems that the best advice is to stay home and use strategies to identify more patients.
Trend Analysis of Anti-Allergic Medicines During the 11-Year Period in Iran (2006-2017)
Authors: Faraji Hoda , Kebriaeezadeh Abbas , Abdollahiasl Akbar
Published: February 2021

Up to 40% of the global and 7.4-41.3% of the Middle East population are affected by Allergic Rhinitis (AR). Patients with AR versus control group experience approximately twofold pharmaceutical expenditures and 1.8-fold number of visits. Since drug utilization can show various times of developing a disease in a country, it is used as an alternative for prevalence. In this study, we try to examine and explain the consumption of anti-allergic medicines during the past 11 years to have a perspective view of these kinds of medicines. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study that investigates anti-allergic medicines over a 11-year period (2006-2017), we used the Iranian pharmaceutical statistical datasheet published by the Iranian Ministry of Health. According to treatment guidelines of AR and WHO ATC code, we categorized anti-allergic medicines into five groups (antihistamines, Beta 2 agonists, Corticosteroids, Fixed-dose, and others), Then DIDs for these groups were calculated and analyzed. Based on our findings in this study, cetirizine, Loratadine, and Inhaled Salbutamol got the highest DID among all five groups, with 99.2, 65.4, and 57.6 retrospectively. Generally based on the third level of ATC code (second-generation anti-histamines, respiratory system drugs for obstructive airway disease, respiratory system nasal preparation, and corticosteroid for systemic use) are faced with ascending market sales. Generally, with the upward trend of anti-allergic medicines, we can conclude that the incidence of AR in Iran during the past 11 years has increased, and policymakers should follow this trend concerning a better supply chain.
Periodic Severe Angioedema without Exogenous Hormone Exposure
Authors: Nabavi Mohammad , Bahrami Sima , Arshi Saba , Rezaeifar Afshin , Bemanian Mohammad Hassan , Fallahpour Morteza , Shokri Sima , Tehrani Homan
Published: February 2021

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by recurrent attacks of skin and mucosal swelling in any part of the body including the digestive and respiratory tract which generally improve spontaneously within 12-72 hours. The underlying mechanism in HAE is related to bradykinin dysregulation which causes these attacks not to respond to common treatment strategies including epinephrine or corticosteroid. There are several types of HAE with different etiology but with the same clinical picture. Type 1 is due to the deficiency of C1 Inhibitor (C1- INH) protein and type 2 is related to dysfunctional C1-INH protein. The third type of HAE which comprises the minority of cases is associated with the normal amount and function of C1- INH protein. The presented case in this report was a 15-years old girl with a history of spontaneous angioedema attacks from the age of 14. The frequency of attacks was initially every two months but consequently increased to every two weeks after using some hormonal medications for ovarian cyst. Each episode has lasted around 10 days without any symptoms in between. Complement studies including C4, C1q, and C1-INH protein, both quantitative and qualitative, were reported as normal. A genetic assessment revealed a mutation in the exon 9 on the gene related to factor XII, hence the diagnosis of HAE type 3 was confirmed. This was a rare type of angioedema with normal amount and function of C1-INH protein which is predominantly seen in women during periods of imbalanced estrogen increments like pregnancy, lactation, and menopause, and hence it is responsive to hormonal manipulation strategies such as the use of progesterone containing medications.
Basics of Developing a COVID-19 Reopening Roadmap: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: ASKARIAN Mehrdad , GROOT Gary , TAHERIFARD Ehsan , TAHERIFARD Erfan , AKBARIALIABAD Hossein , BORAZJANI Roham , ASKARIAN Ardalan , TAGHRIR Mohammad Hossein
Published: February 2021

Background: The necessity of easing pandemic restrictions is explicit. Due to the harsh consequences of lockdowns, governments are willing to find reasonable pathways to reopen their activities.
Methods: To find out the basics of developing a reopening roadmap, on 6th -10th July 2020, we conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to review the databases; and Google by manual to review the grey literature. Two independent authors extracted the data, and the senior author solved the discrepancies.
Results: Sixteen documents were included. Data categorized into four sections: principals, general recommendations for individuals, health key metrics, and in-phases strategy. The number of phases or stages differed from three to six, with a minimum of two weeks considered for each one. Health key metrics were categorized into four subsets: sufficient preventive capacities, appropriate diagnostic capacity, appropriate epidemiological monitoring, and sufficient health system capacity. These metrics were used as the criteria for progressing or returning over the roadmap, which guarantees a roadmap's dynamicity. Noticeably, few roadmaps did not mention the criteria that may alter the dynamicity of their roadmap. When some areas face new surges, the roadmap's dynamicity is essential, and it is vital to describe the criteria to stop the reopening process and implement the restrictions again.
Conclusion: Providing evidence for policymaking about lifting the COVID-19 restrictions seems to be missed in the literature should be addressed more, and further studies are recommended.
The Application of Hazard Vulnerability Analysis in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in Medical Institutions
Authors: MA Li , ZOU Shiyue , LIU Yanyi , LA Jing , YANG Junhua
Published: February 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused massive casualties, severe economic losses, and poses a threat to the world. This study's primary objective was to analyze the hospital's potential hazards of COVID-19 prevention and control. The second objective was to review the disaster plan and make recommendations to minimize the spread of COVID-19 in hospitals.
Methods: An expert group for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the First People's Hospital of Longquanyi Dis-trict, Chengdu, China was established. We adopted the hazard vulnerability analysis (HVA) to riskstratify potential hazards and calculated relative risk values. We used the Delphi expert consultation method to propose and implement targeted improvement measures for the top five potential hazards. Then, the effects before and after the intervention were compared.
Results: The top five hazards were: insufficient Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (25.68%), inadequate diagnosis ability of clinicians (22.55%), and inadequate management strategies of patients and caregivers (22.38%), lack of professional ability of pre-checking and triage staff (16.96%), lack of knowledge of COVID-19 of medical staff (15.59%). After taking targeted improvement measures, the average score of the hospital staff's COVID-19 knowledge test increased from 73.26 points to 90.44 points, the average test score of the outsourcing company employees increased from 68.55 to 89.75 points. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: HVA can be used to systematically risk-stratify potential threats, measure the probability of those potential hazards, and develop various hospital prevention and control measures for COVID-19 epidemics.
Can the Random Forests Model Improve the Power to Predict the Intention of the Elderly in a Community to Participate in a Cognitive Health Promotion Program?
Authors: BYEON Haewon
Published: February 2021

Background: We aimed to develop a model predicting the participation of the elderly in a cognitive health program using the random forest algorithm and presented baseline information for enhancing cognitive health.
Methods: This study analyzed the raw data of Seoul Welfare Panel Study (SWPS) (20), which was surveyed by Seoul Welfare Foundation for the residents of Seoul from Jun 1st to Aug 31st, 2015. Subjects were 2,111 (879 men and 1232 women) persons aged 60 yr and older living in the community who were not diagnosed with dementia. The outcome variable was the intention to participate in a cognitive health promotion program. A prediction model was developed by the use of a Random forests and the results of the developed model were compared with those of a decision tree analysis based on classification and regression tree (CART).
Results: The random forests model predicted education level, subjective health, subjective friendship, subjective family bond, mean monthly family income, age, smoking, living with a spouse or not, depression history, drinking, and regular exercise as the major variables. The analysis results of test data showed that the accuracy of the random forests was 72.3% and that of the CART model was 70.9%.
Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a customized health promotion program considering the characteristics of subjects in order to implement a program effectively based on the developed model to predict participation in a cognitive health promotion program.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, Alginate and Biofilm Production in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: DAVARZANI Fateme , SAIDI Navid , BESHARATI Saeed , SADERI Horieh , RASOOLI Iraj , OWLIA Parviz
Published: February 2021

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic bacteria causing nosocomial infections, which has significant resistance to antimicrobial agents. This bacterium is a biofilm and alginate producer. Biofilm increases the bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the immune system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the biofilm formation, alginate production and antimicrobial resistance patterns in the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.
Methods: One hundred isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected during the study period (from Dec 2017 to Jul 2018) from different clinical samples of the patients admitted to Milad and Pars Hospitals at Tehran, Iran. Isolates were identified and confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was specified by the disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation and alginate production were measured by microtiter plate and carbazole assay, respectively.
Results: Sixteen isolates were resistant to all the 12 studied antibiotics. Moreover, 31 isolates were MultidrugResistant (MDR). The highest resistance rate was related to ofloxacin (36 isolates) and the least resistance was related to piperacillin-tazobactam (21 isolates). All the isolates could produce the biofilm and alginate. The number of isolates producing strong, medium and weak biofilms was equal to 34, 52, and 14, respectively. Alginate production was more than 400 μg/ml in 39 isolates, 250-400 μg/ml in 51 isolates and less than 250 μg/ml in 10 isolates.
Conclusion: High prevalence of MDR, biofilm formation, and alginate production were observed among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The results also showed a significant relationship between the amount of alginate production and the level of biofilm formation.
Relationship between Socioeconomic Factors and Incidence of Cosmetic Surgery in Tehran, Iran
Authors: BIDKHORI Mohammad , YASERI Mehdi , AKBARI SARI Ali , MAJDZADEH Reza
Published: February 2021

Background: Cosmetic surgery accompanied with high economic cost is increasing in Iran. It is necessary to be aware about factors affecting cosmetic surgery in order to control its increasing trend. Therefore, we aimed to determine the factors affecting the incidence of cosmetic surgery in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This survey was conducted on 2002 subjects between the ages of 15 to 60 yr using random digit dialing in Tehran, Iran 2015. Demographic data was collected from all of participants and in the presence of cosmetic surgery, the related cosmetic questions were asked in details. Cosmetic surgery was considered as an event and the incidence rate ratio for variables were estimated. For univariate analysis, Poisson regression was used as well as multi-level Poisson regression was used for multivariate analysis.
Results: Totally, 224 participants (11%) undergone cosmetic surgery. There was a significant relationship between the age at surgery of participants with the incidence of cosmetic surgery (P<0.001). Cosmetic surgery in women was 1.9 times greater than in men (P <0.001). Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) for the average and wealthy economic status in comparison to poor level was estimated (IRR=5.6, CI%95: 3.64,8.63) and (IRR=3.14, CI%95: 1.93,5.11), respectively. In addition, according to multivariate analysis all variables except the level of education and occupation, had significant relationship with the incidence of cosmetic surgery (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Cosmetic surgery was related to socioeconomic and demographic factors. Given the high economic burden of this unnecessary surgery, it can be effective to emphasize on awareness-raising programs for those are more likely to undergo cosmetic surgery.
A Trend Study of Preterm Infant Mortality Rate in Developed and Developing Countries Over 1990 to 2017
Authors: SEFIDKAR Reyhaneh , ZAYERI Farid , KAZEM Elaheh , SALEHI Masoud , DEHNAD Afsaneh , HAFIZI Maryam
Published: February 2021

Background: Preterm birth is the most important in children under 5 yr mortality. In this study, we used the Global Burden of Disease Data (GBD) to evaluate the trend of preterm infant mortality rate for all countries from 1990 to 2017 and to assess the effect of development factors on this trend.
Methods: The preterm infant mortality rate data from 196 countries of the world, from 1990 to 2017, were extracted from the GBD database. To study the trend of preterm infant mortality rate, a mixed-effects log-linear regression model was fitted separately for each IHME super-region. In the next step of data analysis, the development factor was included in the model to determine its effect on this trend for all countries under study
Results: The average rate mortality rate has declined about 2% per year throughout the world over the mentioned period. The highest and lowest decreasing trends were observed in high-income countries (about 4.0%) and Sub-Saharan Africa (about 1.0%), respectively. Including the effect of development factor in the mentioned model revealed that in 1990, the rate of preterm infant mortality in developed countries was 2.2 times of this rate in developing countries and this rate ratio has increased to 2.69 in year 2017.
Conclusion: Although the preterm infant mortality rate were decreasing in all super regions, there is a remarkable gap in this rate between developing and developed countries yet. Therefore, preventative strategies are needed to reduce preterm birth and its burden, especially in the developing world.
Genetic Polymorphisms in Serotonin Transporter (5HTT) and CatecholO-Methyltransferase (COMT) On Dental Implant Loss – Pilot Project
Authors: CHAVES Thais Mariana Neves , SPADA Paula Cruz Porto , MEGER Michelle Nascimento , GABARDO Marilisa Carneiro Leão , ZIELAK João Cézar , DELIBERADOR Tatiana Miranda , BRANCHER João Armando
Published: February 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Risk Factors of Osteoporosis and Post-Discharged Supplements and Drugs Intake in Patients with Lower Body Fractures
Authors: IBRAHIM Nurul Izzah , AHMAD Mohd Sharkawi , S ZULFARINA Mohamed , SAYED MOHD ZARIS Sharifah Nurul Aqilah , ZAINAL ABIDIN Nor Azlin , MOHAMED Isa Naina , MOHAMED Norazlina , MOKHTAR Sabarul Afian , SHUID Ahmad Nazrun
Published: February 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Investigating the Mediating Role of Procrastination in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Perfectionism and Mobile Phone Addiction in Gifted Students
Authors: Ayadi Nader , Pireinaladin Saeed , Shokri Mehdi , Dargahi Shahriyar , Zarein Fatemeh
Published: February 2021

Objective: Adolescence is a critical period in terms of development and education, in which there are numbers of highrisk behaviors that can negative effects on personal and educational life. One of these high-risk behaviors is mobile phone addiction that is a sociopsychological phenomenon, and the lack of control in the use of this technology by students can cause damage to various aspects of their personal and educational lives. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of procrastination in the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and addiction to mobile phone in gifted students.
Method: This was a descriptive and correlational study in which 200 gifted students from gifted students’ high school of Meshghinshahr were selected using cluster sampling in 2020. Tri-Shot Perfectionism questionnaires, Tuckman Procrastination Scale, and Savari Mobile Phone Addiction questionnaire were applied to collect data. Descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, and path analysis (Structural Model) were used to analyze data.
Results: The findings revealed positive and negative perfectionism was not directly related to cell phone addiction. However, positive perfectionism through procrastination meditation had a negative and indirect relationship with mobile phone addiction (β = -0.18), and negative perfectionism through procrastination meditation had a positive and indirect relationship with mobile phone addiction (β = 0.17). In other words, procrastination is a complete mediation in the relationship between negative and positive perfectionism and cell phone addiction in students (β = 0.29).
Conclusion: The results emphasized the effect of procrastination on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and mobile phone addiction in gifted students. Therefore, these findings can help school and rehabilitation counselors to prepare programs for reducing students' addictive and avoidant behaviors.
The Association between Behavioral Problems with SelfEsteem and Self-Concept in Pediatric Patients with Thalassemia
Authors: Nourbakhsh Seyed Mohamad Kazem , Atamanesh Minoo , Effatpanah Mohammad , Salehi Mona , Heidari Morteza
Published: February 2021

Objective: High prevalence of behavioral and psychological disorders in children with thalassemia can be associated with a decrease in the self-esteem of patients and can completely alter the person's self-concept. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of behavioral problems and its relationship with self-esteem and self-concept in patients with thalassemia major aged 6 to 18 years.
Method: In a cross-sectional study, 30 patients with thalassemia major at the age of 6 to 18 years were enrolled. behavioral problems, self-esteem, and self-concept were evaluated by the child's behavioral check list at the ages of 6 to 18 years (CBCL 6-18), the Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale.
Results: A total of 10.0% of patients had behavioral disorders, 3 (10.0%) desirable self-esteem, 15 (50.0%) moderate self-esteem, and 12 (40.0%) poor self-esteem. There was a strong but adverse correlation between behavioral disorder score and both self-esteem score (correlation coefficient equal to -0.886, p value = 0.001) and self-concept score (correlation coefficient equal to -0.498, p value = 0.001), and thus those patients with behavioral disorder had less appropriate self-esteem and self-concept.
Conclusion: The incidence of behavioral disorders is associated with decreased self-esteem and poor self-concept in these patients. Therefore, improvement in behavioral disorders can be expected by improving self-esteem and selfconcept in such patients.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-IV (MCMI-IV)
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Delavar Ali , Hooshyari Zahra , Shakiba Alia , Salmanian Maryam , Ghandi Fatemeh , Ahmadi Ameneh , Farnoody Nehzat
Published: February 2021

Objective: Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) is one of the most widely used clinical tools in research studies and clinical settings. MCMI was revised 4 times and its last version was published in 2015. All previous versions of MCMI have been translated to Persian and validated and have been frequently used by Iranian clinicians or researchers. Thus, this study provides the Persian version of the last version of this popular inventory for clinical or research purposes.
Method: The participants of this psychometric study were selected by combining purposeful and convenience sampling methods among inpatients and outpatients who referred to Roozbeh hospital from 2018 to 2019. After data screening by statistical methods and Validity Scales based on MCMI-IV profile, 400 participants’ profiles were analyzed to estimate the psychometric properties of the Persian Version of MCMI-IV. MCMI-IV, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID5), and the Brief Symptoms Inventory (BSI) were used for clinical data gathering. Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Correlational Coefficients, Kappa Agreement, Spearman Brown Coefficient, and Cronbach Alpha were performed for data analysis.
Results: According to the results of data analysis, the psychometric properties for MCMI-IV were estimated as follows: the content validity index (CVI, 0.29 to 0.99), criterion validity (0.13 to 0.40), convergent validity (-0.35 to 0.72), The Cronbach’s alpha for the personality scales was 0.48 to 0.90, the Spearman-Brown coefficient was from 0.49 to 0.90, and test-retest reliability was from 0.51 to 0.86.
Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the Persian version of MCMI-IV, including validity and reliability indexes, are appropriate and in line with the findings of its original version.
Implementation of the McMaster Model in Family Therapy: Effects on Family Function in Married Couples
Authors: Pourmovahed Zahra , Yassini Ardekani Seyed Mojtaba , Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saied , Zareei Mahmoodabadi Hassan
Published: February 2021

Objective: Family function is one of the main effective factors on stability of the family. Family therapy can promote family function and performances. This study aimed to assess the effects of family therapy on family function among couples in Yazd province (Iran) based on the McMaster model.
Method: The research population was selected from volunteer couples in Yazd in 2017 who were invited by publicity announcement to participate in this research. Finally, 40 couples were selected and randomly divided into 2 intervention and control groups. Participants responded to the demographic and Family Assessment Device (FAD) questionnaires. The obtained information was investigated using inferential and descriptive statistics and SPSS 21 software.
Results: The results showed significant differences between the intervention and control groups in problem-solving (p = 0.01), communication (p < 0.0001), emotional responsiveness (p = 0.01), emotional involvement (p < 0.0001), and general function (p = 0.04). The roles and behavior control domains were improved after the intervention in 2 groups, but the differences were not significant.
Conclusion: Family therapy based on McMaster model can promote the skills of problem- solving, family communication, emotional responsiveness, emotional involvement, and general function in couples. Healthy family functioning is an important domain of interest for mental health professionals who provide family interventions. Our findings add substantially to family professionals’ knowledge about patterns of family function in Iranian families.