bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAMLAKATIMIZDAGI BYUDJET BUYURTMACHILARI TOMONIDAN AMALGA OSHIRILADIGAN DAVLAT XARIDLARINING TAHLILI VA IQTISOD QILINGAN MABLAG‘LAR KO‘RSATKICHI
Authors: Turabov Sarvar
Published: November 2024

Mazkur maqola O‘zbekiston Respublikasida byudjet buyurtmachilari tomonidan amalga oshiriladigan davlat xaridlari tizimini tahlil qilishga bag‘ishlangan. Davlat xaridlari mamlakatning moliyaviy resurslarini samarali boshqarishda muhim vosita bo‘lib, ayniqsa, davlat mablag‘larini oqilona sarflash va shaffoflikni ta'minlashda katta ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu maqolada 2022-2024-yillar davomida davlat xaridlarida elektron auksionlar orqali erishilgan iqtisodiy samaradorlik va tejash ko‘rsatkichlari batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Janubiy Koreya, AQSh va Yevropa Ittifoqi kabi davlatlarning davlat xaridlarini raqamlashtirishda qo‘llanilgan ilg‘or amaliyotlarini o‘rganadi va O‘zbekiston sharoitida ularni tatbiq qilish imkoniyatlarini ko‘rib chiqadi. Tadqiqot natijalari elektron auksionlar orqali davlat xaridlarini raqobatbardosh, tejamkor va shaffof amalga oshirishning iqtisodiy samaradorligini ta’kidlaydi.
ТОВАР-МОДДИЙ ЗАХИРАЛАР ҲИСОБИНИ ХАЛҚАРО СТАНДАРТЛАРГА МУВОФИҚ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ МАСАЛАЛАРИ
Authors: Бобобеков Бахром
Published: November 2024

Мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2020 йил 24 февралдаги 4611-сонли “Молиявий ҳисоботнинг халқаро стандартларига ўтиш бўйича қўшимча чора-тадбирлар тўғрисида” қарори ижросини таъминлашга қаратилган корхоналарнинг иқтисодий фаолиятида муҳим аҳамиятга эга бўлган маблағлардан бири, товар-моддий захирларни молиявий ҳисоботнинг халқаро стандартлари талаблари асосида ҳисобини ташкил этиш масалалари кенг ёритиб берилган. Хусусан, амалдаги 4-сон БҲМС “Товар-модий захиралар” номли миллий стандарт қоидаларини методологик жиҳатдан халқаро стандартларга уйғунлаштириш мақсадида илмий таклиф ва амалий тавсилар шакллантирилган.
ТИЖОРАТ БАНКЛАРИ ФАОЛИЯТИНИ СОЛИҚЛАР ВОСИТАСИДА ТАРТИБГА СОЛИШНИ ХОРИЖИЙ ТАЖРИБАСИ
Authors: Мамeдова Гузалхон
Published: November 2024

Мақола тижорат банклари фаолиятини солиқлар воситасида тартибга солишни такомиллаштиришга бағишланган бўлиб, тадқиқот жараёнида кўплаб хорижлик иқтисодчиларнинг илмий адабиётлари ўрганилган. Шунингдек, хорижий мамлакатларнинг банк фаолиятини солиққа тортишга оид тажрибалари таҳлил қилиниб, якунда хулоса шакллантирилган.
ЎЗБЕКИСТОНДА СОЛИҚ МАЪМУРЧИЛИГИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШ МАСАЛАЛАРИ
Authors: Мукимов Ботир
Published: November 2024

Мазкур мақолада мамлакатда солиқ соҳаларида кўп йиллардан буён солиқ маъмурчилигини такомиллаштириш бўйича ривожлантириш сарҳисоби, бизнес доираларнинг ишончини янада мустаҳкамлашга қаратилган кенг кўламли ислоҳотларни такомиллаштиришда ҳудудлараро солиқ инспекциясини ўрни ва аҳамияти ёритилган. Шу билан бирга, Ўзбекистон солиқ тизимида ҳудудлараро солиқ инспекцияси амалга оширилаётган айрим муҳим ислоҳотлар ўрганилиб, хориж тажрибаси, мамлакатимизда уни қўллаш бўйича илмий-амалий хулоса ва таклифлар ишлаб чиқилган.
МАРКАЗИЙ ОСИЁ ДАВЛАТЛАРИ: СТРАТЕГИК ШЕРИКЧИЛИК ВА ҲИСОБ ТИЗИМИ
Authors: Ризаев Нурбек , Исаев Фахриддин
Published: November 2024

Марказий Осиё мамлакатлари жумладан Ўзбекистон ва Қозоғистон ўртасидаги иқтисодий хамкорлигининг истиқболлари товар айрибошлаш, қўшма корхоналар, юк ташиш ҳажми, йирик кооперация лойихалари, туризм, саноат, энергетика ва қишлоқ хўжалиги соҳаларидаги ҳамкорликни кенгайтиришда мамлакатлар ўртасида бухгалтерия ҳисоби ва молиявий ҳисоботларни ҳам ўзаро интеграциясини таъминлашга қаратилган фикрлар келтириб ўтилган. Шунингдек, мамлакатимизда бухгалтерия ҳисоби ва молиявий ҳисоботни халқаро стандартларга мувофиқлаштиришда “Молиявий ҳисоботнинг халқаро стандартларига ўтишнинг қўшимча чора-тадбирлари тўғрисида”ги ПҚ-4611-сонли қарорида белгиланган вазифалар ижросини таъминлаш бўйича амалий ишлар, Ўзбекистон ва Қозоғистон ўртасида бухгалтерия ҳисоби тизимининг ўзаро боғлиқ ва фарқли жиҳатлари бўйича илмий хулосалар шакллантирилган.
SURXONDARYO VILOYATI IQTISODIYOTIDA KICHIK TADBIRKORLIK SUBYEKTLARI O’RNINING STATISTIK TAHLILI
Authors: Fayziyeva Aziza
Published: November 2024

Ushbu maqolada kichik biznes va tadbirkorlikning Surxondaryo viloyati iqtisodiyotidagi o’rni va ahamiyati haqida so’z yuritilgan. Kichik tadbirkorlik subyektlarining soni, uning rivojlanishi, iqtisodiyot tarmoqlaridagi ulushi, hududning tashqi savdo operatsiyalaridagi o’rni va ahamiyati, hududdagi bandlik darajasiga qo’shayotgan hissalari kabi statistik ko’rsatkichlar tahlil qilingan.
KICHIK BIZNESDA MOLIYAVIY BOSHQARUV TIZIMINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH TEXNOLOGIYALARI
Authors: Jo‘rayev Farrux , Jamilova Nargiza
Published: November 2024

Bulutli texnologiyalar, sun’iy intellekt va analitik dasturlari kichik biznes boshqaruvida muhim ahamiyat kasb etmoqda. Ular kichik biznes subyektlarining faoliyatini rivojalantirishda, samaradorlikni oshirish, xarajatlarni kamaytirish va qaror qabul qilish jarayonini optimallashtirishda yordam bermoqda. Maqolada kichik biznes subyektlari uchun moliyaviy boshqaruvni soddalashtirish va faoliyat samaradorligini oshirishda innovatsion raqamli texnologiyalarning ahamiyati, mohiyati, tadbiq etish mexanizmlari bayon qilingan. Innovatsion texnologiyalarni kichik biznes jarayonlariga joriy etish orqali tizimli boshqaruvga ega bo’lish shartlarining sintezi amalga oshirilgan. Kichik biznes subyektlarining innovatsion rivojlanishi, innovatsion muxiti, innovatsiyalarni qabul qilish salohiyati muxim omil sifatida ko’rib chiqilgan va asoslangan. Biznes jarayonlarini tezlashtirish, xarajatlarni kamaytirish va moliyaviy munosabatlarda aniqlik va shaffoflik darajalarini oshirish imkoniyatlari tahlil qilingan.
Awareness, Understanding, and Use of Lean Construction in the Norwegian Construction Industry
Authors: Malvik Tobias O. , Torp Olav , Johansen Agnar
Published: November 2024

Question: What is the level of awareness, understanding, and use of Lean Construction in the Norwegian construction industry?

Purpose: This paper aims to fill a gap in the literature by conducting a quantitative survey to investigate the awareness, understanding, and use of Lean Construction (LC) among Norwegian AEC practitioners. It builds on previous studies by providing a broader industry perspective and identifying potential knowledge gaps and barriers to effective LC adoption in Norway.

Research Method: A digital survey with a purposive sample of 94 practitioners was used for this research.

Limitations: The survey responses were primarily from the clients’ perspectives.

Implications: The survey reveals that Lean Construction (LC) and collaborative project delivery methods are still in the early adoption stages in Norway, with limited knowledge and application among practitioners. Emphasis on value is lacking compared to cost, time, and quality, indicating a need for greater awareness and integration of value-driven approaches.

Value for practitioners: The survey data highlights current challenges for advancing LC practices both in Norway and globally, guiding future studies to address these gaps and promote more effective LC implementation.

Keywords: Lean Construction, culture, use, awareness, understanding, survey

Paper type: Full paper.
Aprovechamiento e integración de la tecnología RFID en la administración de la educación
Authors: Acevedo Vega Gerardo , Gómez Cárdenas Angélica , Pérez Machorro Julio
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo se enfoca en aprovechar los diferentes recursos con los que cuenta el Instituto Tecnológico de Cuautla, como son: control de acceso a través de radio frecuencia de 125 KHz, registro de asistencia del personal mediante reconocimiento facial, registro y control de préstamo de libros y asistencia de estudiantes y docentes en el centro de información y el Sistema Integral de Información. El documento integra estos recursos en un sistema de base de datos, aprovecha cada una de sus ventajas como es el uso de la tecnología wiegand, para crear aplicaciones que el software no contiene tales como registro de asistencia frente a grupo, mayor número de registros para apertura y cierre de tornillos de acceso, registro de asistencia de estudiantes al centro de información y registro de asistencia docente aprovechando los horarios que se crean en el Sistema Integral de Información.
The Impact of Storytelling and Sustainability-Related Value Orientation on Consumer’s Trust in and Purchase Intentions of Sustainable Fashion Brands
Authors: Lim Soo-Youn , Lee Yoon-Jung
Published: November 2024

This study examined the impact of storytelling by sustainable fashion brands on consumer trust in sustainable brands and purchase intentions, as well as the moderating effect of sustainability-related value orientation. The results provide insights into how to bridge the gap between consumer behavior and sustainable fashion. A survey was conducted with 192 male and female consumers aged 20-59. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: brand-centered storytelling, product-centered storytelling, and a control group, each exposed to different stimuli. Multiple regressions and one-way ANOVAs were conducted using SPSS. There were three main findings. First, the brand-centered storytelling group exhibited significantly higher trust in the sustainable fashion brand, compared with other groups, a trend not observed in the product-centered group. Second, sustainability-related value orientation positively influenced brand trust and moderated the relationship between brand-centered storytelling and trust in sustainable fashion brands. Third, brand trust positively affected purchase intentions. These results have practical implications for marketers in the sustainable fashion sector, emphasizing the role of storytelling in highlighting brand trust and thereby influencing consumer purchase intentions for sustainable fashion products.
One Stage Modified KOYANAGI-HAYASHI Technique with Tunica Vaginalis Intermediate Layer for Severe Hypospadias Surgery
Authors: Sekhri-Zeggar Lyes , ZEHAF H. , BENAIRED A.M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In recent years, the modified Koyanagi-Hayashi technique has attracted considerable interest due to its satisfactory results and low risk of major postoperative complications for the patient during surgery for severe hypospadias. The aim of this work is to evaluate this technique and compare our results with those of other research series. Materials and methods: A single-center prospective study of an inhomogeneous series of 32 children with proximal hypospadias and a mean age of 44 months was operated on by the same surgeon using the Koyanagi-Hayashi technique. Preoperative hormonal stimulation with testosterone was indicated in 17 children. The tunica vaginalis was used as the urethroplasty covering plane for all patients. Functional results were assessed, and a questionnaire was completed to evaluate the functional and aesthetic satisfaction of the parents and the surgeon. Results: Complete curvature of the penis was obtained in all patients except 2, who retained a minimal curvature, not requiring surgical correction at this time. There were 6 cases of urethral fistula, 2 cases of total urethroplasty release, 2 cases of partial release, 9 cases of glanduloplasty release, one urethrocele, and 2 meatus strictures. Overall, the success rate after the first procedure was 31.20%, rising to 74.95% after the first repeat procedure and 84.32% after the second. The result was very satisfactory for the parents at 84.37% and satisfactory at 15.62%. Conclusion: The Koyanagi technique modified by Hayashi is a good alternative for severe forms of hypospadias. Correction of the curvature of the penis is generally achieved without further procedures, and the aesthetic result is generally satisfactory. Using the tunica vaginalis as an intermediate plane to cover the urethroplasty has greatly reduced the rate of serious complications. The complication rate is high, and parents need to be aware of the risk of repeat surgeries. But these complications are always easy to manage
The Development of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Student Worksheets (Lkpd) in IPAS Learning of Sound Material and its Properties for Grade V SDN 09 Sitiung
Authors: Darniyanti Yulia , Subhan Muhammad , Sari Dini Puspita
Published: November 2024

Education is very important for humans in all aspects of their lives. Education is something that is necessary and important to instill in every individual. With education, a person can experience a teaching process to shape character, responsibility and moral formation. Furthermore, through education, the development of human personality can be directed to a better place. Humans can grow and develop through education, because humans can grow and develop through a natural process towards maturity, both physical and spiritual. This research uses a type of research and development or Research and Development (R&D), which is a form of research that aims to create products, both new products and modified ones from previously existing products. The development model used in this research is ADDIE which consists of 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The development process carried out is the Validity Test stage. Based on the development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Science and Science Learning, Sound Material and Its Properties for Class V SDN 09 Sitiung, it can be concluded as follows: development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Science and Technology Learning Sound Material and Its Properties for Class V SDN 09 Sitiung uses the ADDIE development model which can be tested in class V SDN 09 Sitiung; and validation of the development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Science and Science Learning Sound Material and Its Properties for Class V SDN 09 assessed by 3 expert validators. These validators are 3 UNDHARI lecturers.
Hopes and Challenges: The Analysis of The Role of Technology in Implementing Social Justice in Education for Indonesia's Golden Generation in 2045
Authors: Marselina Suci , Prananda Gingga , Judijanto Loso , Fatulloh M.Amin , Rimbano Dheo , Fauzi Muhammad Sukron
Published: November 2024

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role of technology in achieving social justice in education. It will evaluate educational technology initiatives and their impact on improving education quality and equity of access. This type of research is a Systematic Literature Review, which is a systematic study that follows specific procedures to identify, evaluate, and synthesize all relevant research on a given topic. This method yields more comprehensive and reliable results. The findings regarding hopes and challenges in analyzing the role of technology in achieving social justice in education for Indonesia's Golden Generation in 2045 indicate that technology has significant potential to enhance accessibility, engagement, and personalized learning. However, challenges such as the digital divide, infrastructure quality, and limited teacher skills hinder the optimization of technology benefits. Additionally, social and cultural barriers, including resistance to change, are critical factors that need to be addressed to improve the acceptance of technology in education. Therefore, collaborative efforts involving the government, educators, and the community are needed to create an environment that effectively supports the use of technology, enabling all students to benefit and achieve social justice in education.
Initiation Symbolism in Adolescent Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Prins-Goodman Vanessa
Published: November 2024

Adolescence is an important developmental phase during which the youngster strives to break away from parental identification and develop a new identity. This transition can be painful, and it can be seen as a time of death and rebirth. In this article, the author draws a parallel between initiation rituals as observed in primitive societies and the sandplay therapy process. The clinical case material illustrates archetypal patterns of initiation at work in a 12-year-old adolescent boy. In his therapy this boy went through the threefold movement of initiation: separating from the world of childhood, confrontation with death, and emergence of a new identity in the masculine realm.
Taming the Beast: Transformation of the Negative Masculine in a Woman's Sandplay Process
Authors: Kendler Maria
Published: November 2024

This article reflects the sandplay process of a 60-year-old woman and emphasizes on the symbolic expression of central topics of the individuation process: becoming related to instinctual foundations of the psyche as counterparts of the conscious level of the personality; confronting shadow aspects which are, in this case, related to a terrible image of the masculine; facing a negative mother complex; experiencing loneliness and separation as the principium individuationis per se, and finding through this process of differentiation a union of transformed masculine and feminine energies. The particularity of this therapy is the homogenous story that the patient creates throughout a series of sandpictures.
Sandplay and the Colors of Alchemy
Authors: Wells Carol
Published: November 2024

Carl Jung noted that alchemical symbols appeared in dreams of patients with no knowledge of alchemy. These symbols also appear in sandplay processes. Colors characterize alchemical stages. Black or nigredo describes penetration into the underworld and dismemberment of outdated structure. In white or albedo the spirit rises above the body, resulting in greater vision and hard won wisdom. Red or rubedo is the stage of unification of the opposites. This coniunctio produces the philosopher's stone, which is the alchemical gold and the manifestation of the Self.The author describes a female patient's sandplay process, as an alchemical journey in which the there is an inward journey, into disorder and dismemberment and concludes with the uniting of numerous opposites.
Sandplay Therapy With a Student Suffering From Social Phobia
Authors: Ono Keiko
Published: November 2024

The process of sandplay therapy with a female university student with social phobia is described and discussed. For this patient the images of the outer world created in sandplay scenes changed from aggressive to peaceful. The patient's sandplay scenes depicted images of her inner world's development; scenes evolved from a place where small animals lived, to where elves lived, and then to a place where young women lived, who then got married. After mandala sandplay scenes were created, the signs of aggression became manageable and contained with the creation of a safe inner space that could be characterized as the internalization of the free and protected space of sandplay therapy. As the patient found mental stability, she created sandtrays that symbolized rebirth. Her outer life too improved and she graduated from university.
The Use of Wet and Dry Sand in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Grishko Valeria
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the symbolism and nature of the wet and dry sand as well as the use of the two trays in one Sandplay therapy session. The author considers the meaning of water in the wet tray and its significance in Sandplay therapy. A clinical example of a 5-year-old child is used to demonstrate processes of progression and regression as well as integration and deintegration as movements of psychic energy seen in the use of the two sandtrays. Use of one of the sandtrays as a threshold and holding repressed and unmet elements of this child's psyche is shown and discussed. Furthermore, the article explores how connection and splitting can be expressed in two sandtrays.
In Honor of Kay Bradway: A Life Lived Well
Authors: Tatum Janet
Published: November 2024

Janet Tatum, President of the board of trustees of Sandplay Therapists of America, reflects on Kay Bradway's life, 1910-2013.
In Dialogue With Rie Rogers Mitchell
Authors: Adams Kate
Published: November 2024

Kate Adams interviewed Rie Rogers Mitchell, Co-President of the International Society for Sandplay Therapy, in April 2014.
C. G. Jung Contemplating as He Plays With Sand and Water
Authors: Roloff Leland H.
Published: November 2024

C. G. Jung Contemplating As He Plays with Sand and Water is a summary of Leland Roloff's remarks at the opening of the Spirit of Story in Sandplay, Sandplay Therapists of America National Conference, 2014.
Written in the Sand: Trauma, Healing and Return
Authors: Ehlers Lynne
Published: November 2024

A story of a journey to wholeness and integration through a sandplay process conducted almost entirely without figures. The client was a young woman suffering from fear of crowded, enclosed spaces, panic, alcohol abuse and unexpressed grief at the death of her mother when she was a child. During an intense and poignant 9-year therapy, she created seven sandtrays, using just three figures in her second tray. Although she claimed to have little capacity for symbolic thinking, and used only a sharp tool to draw in the sand, her seemingly aimless "doodles" express her despair and self-hatred; mirror the seismic upheavals going on in her psyche and between us; illustrate her struggle to bring irreconcilable opposites together; and express her triumph over anger and despair. Ammann's Quadrant Theory, Gareth Hill's Play of Masculine and Feminine Opposites in the psyche, and Klein/Ogden's developmental leap from Paranoid/Schizoid to Depressive Position are discussed. Through the client's suffering and mine, the divides between rage and buried grief, hostility and intimacy, shame and trust were gradually bridged, and ruthlessness was transformed into ruth, self-destructiveness into genuine self-care, and self-hatred into love.
Symbolism of the Crow and Raven in Mythology, Alchemy and Sandplay
Authors: Concannon Joan
Published: November 2024

This article explores numerous symbolic meanings of the crow and raven found in myth and alchemy, as well as their expression in the sandplay process of several adult women. The living nature of these birds will be briefly considered. As with all symbols, the crow and raven carry a variety of attributes including their paradoxical opposites. The mythological-symbolic characteristics to be explored include: being a solar bird and a bringer of light, divine messenger, trickster and creator god, as well as related to darkness, evil, death and war. In alchemy, the nigredo, also called "corvus," crow or raven, relates to the initial stage of the opus and the dark matter that needs to be transformed. The psychological meaning of this alchemical symbolism, as put forth by C. G. Jung, will be presented. Additionally, Jung suggests that birds may symbolize spirit and thought, which in a woman may be the animus.
Ch'i-Lin in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: George Kowk Kar Kin
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on the symbol of ch'i-lin, its Chinese origin and relationship with western symbol mercurius, related folklore and its psychological implication in sandplay therapy. Described by Jung as the eastern unicorn, ch'i-lin has long been one of the sacred mythic animals in Chinese history. The image of the ch'i-lin is deeply rooted in the Chinese psyche. Two sandplay clinical case examples, a male adolescent and a female adult, are illustrated in which they both used the ch'i-lin miniature in their sandplay processes. The ch'i-lin's symbolic meaning in both genders and its mercurial nature are discussed.
The Role of Sandplay Therapy in the Treatment of Adolescents and Young Adults With Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorders and Trauma
Authors: Freedle Lorraine Razzi , Altschul Deborah B. , Freedle Agata
Published: November 2024

This study explored the effectiveness of the Bonding through Experiential Adventures in Recovery (BEAR) program and the role of sandplay therapy in addressing the complex needs of youth (ages 14-24) with co-occurring trauma and substance use disorders. BEAR incorporated sandplay therapy, adventure therapy, art therapy and recovery-oriented supports in addition to the evidence-based, 16-week Matrix Model intensive outpatient treatment program. A mixed methods quasi-experimental design was utilized to evaluate the program. Data was collected through questionnaires at approximately 2-month intervals—admission, midway through treatment, and at discharge. Separate focus groups were held with youth, parents, and staff with their responses evaluated using grounded theory. Results demonstrate that the youth who participated in BEAR significantly improved daily functioning at home, school, and in their community, and reduced the severity of their substance use problem and symptoms of distress associated with trauma exposure. Sandplay therapy positively impacted engagement in treatment with youth endorsing sandplay as the most helpful part of the program. The role of sandplay therapy in the treatment of trauma and addictions is discussed, along with implications for further research.
Doña Sebastiana: Death and Rejuvenation in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Wells Carol
Published: November 2024

In the Penitente Brotherhood procession re-enacted each Spring in various towns in Northern New Mexico, there are two figures of death; Christ carrying the cross and Doña Sebastiana being pulled in her death cart. The representation of Christ contains the possibility that suffering can lead to resurrection. It is a symbol of connection to the divine. Doña Sebastiana is representative of the great mother earth which gives life, takes it back, and creates life again in an endless cycle. The client begins his sandplay process in a netherworld, hanging over a precipice between death and life. The twin symbols of Doña Sebastiana and Christ on the cross aid the client in his journey to choose life.
Thread Talk
Authors: Jackson Betty
Published: November 2024

Thread Talk, excerpted from the Keynote Address given by Betty Jackson at the April 24-26, 2015 Sandplay Therapists of America Assembly in Baltimore, Maryland. The author explores the symbolism of thread in various contexts including in myth, nature and in the therapeutic relationship. She incorporates clinical case examples of a 10-year-old male and the sandplay therapy of an adult female. While still tethered to the complex, the client discovers what feelings from the past are triggered and in so doing so, she begins to withdraw projections in relationships. The author writes that when a problem, issue, or complex is symbolized by thread, it most often appears as a tangle, snare, or restrictive knot, analogous to an insect caught in a spider's web. When working with the symbolic metaphor of multiple strands, each one representing individual destinies intersecting or blending in braids, twists, knots, knitting and weaving, the essence of thread symbolism as relationship becomes more evident. In weaving, the relationship between the spiritual and the personal is symbolized by the opposites of warp and weft.
Mirroring and Presence: A Conversation With Judy D. Zappacosta
Authors: Kaplan Jill
Published: November 2024

Jill Kaplan interviews Judy Zappacosta, who has made many contributions to STA over many years. Judy talks about her early work with children that led to her interest in sandplay therapy, her process with Dora Kalff, and the inspiration of working with both Dora Kalff and Marion Woodman. Judy Zappacosta also discusses working with children and the importance of integration and timelessness in therapy work.
Collective Chaos Past and Present: The Child Archetype as a Still-Point in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Friedman Harriet S.
Published: November 2024

The author discusses the personal and collective chaos in which we find ourselves in this ever changing world. Her presentation explored the search for the still-point as means to live amidst such chaos. It is Jung that reminds us that it is the energy of the child that will help us out of this dark place and into the possibility of something new—bringing future change to find our way. Through the sandplay case of a 7-year-old boy, the author explores explore how to both witness and contain both our clients' chaos, as well as our own. This case illustrates how a child was able to use sandplay in psychotherapy as a means to find a still-point within himself, despite the chaos he was experiencing throughout the process of his parents' divorce. This article is a proceeding from Finding the Stillpoint… at the Crossroads, the 23rd ISST Congress, Ottawa, Canada, 2015.
At the Crossroads of Life and Death: Inhabiting Body and Psyche
Authors: Heathcote Olivia
Published: November 2024

This author demonstrates how a sandplay process supports a 5-year-old boy in recovering a sense of autonomy and embodiment after surviving multiple surgeries in the first year of life. Born prematurely and with abdominal complications, the boy experienced early disruption due to the surgeries and hospitalizations. The author explains how the free and protected space of sandplay therapy helped the boy feel more comfortable in his own body so that he could consolidate a new sense of self. For example, the author describes how the boy's use of the symbol of the snake as Kundalini energy helped him achieve a sense of indwelling spirit. Throughout the boy's 4-year therapy process, he showed profound resilience by inhabiting body and psyche in a new way. The ways in which he progressed developmentally are described. This article is a proceeding from "Finding the Stillpoint…at the Crossroads," the 23rd ISST Congress, Ottawa, Canada, 2015.
Manifestations of the Mandorla in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Johannes Leslie
Published: November 2024

Manifestations of the Mandorla in sandplay therapy focuses on ways in which symbol has played an active role in the therapeutic treatment of two girls—one in the latency stage of development and suffering selective mutism in the midst of her parents' contentious divorce and custody battle, and the other on the threshold of adolescence and struggling with depression in the face of secrets and gross inconsistencies among the four parents of her blended family—and a 54-year-old woman facing a spiritual challenge regarding the significant social and professional responsibilities of her work in juxtaposition with her own sense of self as a woman. All three experience the support of their symbolic work in sandplay therapy and dream work along with individual and family therapy as each of them made important healing, developmental, and life transitions.
"In Her Own Voice: Dora Kalff"—Introductory Remarks
Authors: Kalff Martin
Published: November 2024

This article represents Martin Kalff's introduction to the article "In Her Own Voice: Dora Kalff" by Judy Zappacosta published in Volume 25, Number 2, 2016, Journal of Sandplay Therapy.
Archetypal Themes in the Sandplay Process
Authors: Mitchell Rie Rogers , Friedman Harriet S.
Published: November 2024

In an attempt to respond to the need for an increased understanding of the sandplay process, the authors search for an intrinsic organization within the psyche by studying their clients' sandplay scenes to determine if they could identify patterns or themes in clients' sandplay journeys. Common patterns gradually emerged, and the authors followed their visual, emotional, and cognitive reactions in organizing themes. It was noted that specific themes in the scenes repeated themselves. After further study, the authors became aware that it was possible to cluster these themes into two groups: themes of wounding and themes of healing. It was found that wounding themes were more prevalent at the beginning of therapy, and as therapy progressed, healing themes appeared more often in clients' trays. Near the end of therapy, it was observed that the healing themes were usually dominant with few, if any, wounding themes present. This discovery may help clinicians: (1) understand the movement of the psyche, (2) expand their understanding of the sandplay process, and (3) serve as an indicator of changes in the client's inner and outer situation. Rogers Mitchell and Friedman realized that the themes were archetypal patterns that appear during a sandplay process. From this research, they found that tracking themes in sandplay scenes is a helpful method for following movement in sandplay therapy. It is a useful way to track clients' progress throughout therapy, as well as through clients' stages of development.
On Delayed Interpretation in the Practice of Sandplay Therapy (Expanded version)
Authors: Weinrib Estelle , Weller Barbara
Published: November 2024

This expanded version of Weinrib's article discusses the rationale and practice of both Sandplay Therapy itself and that of delayed interpretation of Sandplay scenes. Differentiating working with sandplay scenes from dream interpretation in analysis, Weinrib identifies the therapist's role as primarily being "to listen, observe and participate empathically." Using Neumann's framework, the author identifies the work of Sandplay operating on the matriarchal level of consciousness where healing occurs. Finally, the author identifies Sandplay Therapy as encouraging the constellation of the Self and leading to the development for a stronger ego through providing the free and protected space. Implications for the necessary knowledge and experiential base of the therapist are also included.
The Grand Matriarch Elephant as Self-Symbol in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Johannes Leslie
Published: November 2024

The author explores the African, grand matriarch elephant as a symbol of the Self in conjunction with the effects of the elephant's work as a symbol in sandplay therapy with girls and women, in particular. The archetypal energies available in the co-transference for the sandplayer's use in gathering elements of one's own psyche into a healing journey are discussed as well. Clinical material is presented, including brief glances into five cases of (1) a 9-year-old girl with depression, resulting from the rejecting effects of a multigenerational pattern of emotionally cold and harsh parenting in her family of origin; (2) an 8-year-old girl suffering anxiety as she finds herself caught in the conflictual dynamic between her parents over drug and alcohol abuse; (3) a 12-year-old girl labeled and treated as "impossible" by her mother, who is fearing her daughter's "defiance" as she approaches her teen years with a body just beginning to bloom; (4) a 27-year-old professional woman experiencing depression and bouts of uncontrollable crying as she struggles with partial memories of her beloved father physically assaulting her mother; and (5) a 59-year-old professional woman's grief over her own childlessness. The image of the elephant shines through as a supportive, even at times, transformational symbol for these girls and women.
Viriditas: The Greening Power in the Psyche
Authors: Blaser Janet
Published: November 2024

In this article the author examines plant life as a symbol of psychological development. The first appearance of green is the phase of the vegetative life cycle that is the focus of the paper. In nature the initial emergence of green is associated with spring and the renewal of life. Psychologically it symbolizes hope, the end of a depression, and the future. Jung taught that the plant symbolizes spirituality, and Hildegard of Bingen wrote that it is through viriditas, the greening force, that the divine is manifested in the material world. In the clinical example, green vegetation becomes the central symbol of a sandplay process. The sandplay scenes shown are those of a woman in her thirties who suffered from depression and whose symptoms included self-harm. Through her process of Kalffian Sanpdlay Therapy the opposites of the green life of the plant and the red life of blood come together in a symbolic and healing way.
On Consideration of the Masculine
Authors: Pastore Vincent L.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this article is to examine the myths, archetypes and the sandplay stories of some of our male clients as we seek a deeper understanding of what boys and men may need therapeutically to more effectively deal with aggressive tendencies and other challenges they face as a gender. The author discusses the process of initiation as essential for all people, regardless of gender and especially in this modern era where we often find ourselves cut off from our communities or our families. To envision all stories and all symbols as containers and aspects of both masculine and feminine, shadow and light, presents us with the opportunity to expand our therapeutic understanding. Neither masculine nor feminine energy is seen as superior or greater than the other; the interaction of both is essential. Included is clinical material about of two young men.
Fox Transformations: The Dual Meaning of Light and Darkness
Authors: Ainsworth Takako J.
Published: November 2024

In this article the author examines the fox in nature and its symbolic meaning from of a Japanese perspective. Often referred to as cunning, quiet, solitary, and a trickster, the fox is unique and somewhat mysterious in the natural world. Many of these traits are described in Japanese folktales and stories. Historically in Japan, the fox plays important roles in both psyche and culture and holds dual qualities of light and darkness. The fox has a strong association with feminine archetypes and shows transformative qualities. Translating the elements of the stories and folklore, including the religious aspects of both Buddhism and Shintoism, the image of the fox can be an important manifestation of the unconscious signifying change and transformative potentials and should not be ignored. The author presents two cases of clients who suffer from anxiety and shows how the use of both animal versions, as well as deity versions of the fox can be expressed in sandplay scenes.
The "Veterano" in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: De la O Jorge
Published: November 2024

This article explores the "Homie" action figure known as the "Veterano" and mature Chicano masculinity as well as its use in sandplay and the amplification of a dream. "Homies" document the important struggle for unity of indigenous and new world soul and spirit. The use of these figures in sandplay adds diversity of image and reactivates and reaffirms the validity of the Chicano cultural experience and the potential for individuation. It is neither possible, nor desirable to return to our pre-Columbian past, but the use of Homies in sandplay is a much-needed affirming ritual and is a culturally significant healing expression. It is essential that the clinician who chooses to use Homies and other diverse sandplay figures become consciously aware of the internal energies of these cultural miniatures, and their external cultural significance. It is also necessary that the sandplay clinician acknowledge the oppressive forces which continue to cause profound alienation and tragic loss of life and human potential. Clinical material is included.
Psychic Pregnancy, Birth and Transformation
Authors: Goldrich Lori
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses the process of active imagination and sandplay therapy in light of the writings of Elie Humbert (1988), a French Jungian analyst. The process of transformation depicted in images of psychic pregnancy and birth emerge in such processes in the context of analysis, analytic psychotherapy, or sandplay therapy. Such fertile images can symbolize something pregnant and being born, or something being filled with meaning, in relationship to a person's intrapsychic and interpersonal world. A clinical case is presented to demonstrate how sandplay, within the context of a psychotherapeutic container, can assist a patient in processing and integrating traumatic material from early childhood abuse and lead to a reduction in symptoms, such as dissociation, anxiety, and depression. Patient "Eva" moved from places of psychological deadness, depression and trauma into experiences of true aliveness, embodied experience of psychic pregnancy, new birth, and transformation. Symbols of transformation emerged in her sandplay process and provided a nonverbal channel to access and metabolize the unconscious contents rooted in her traumatic past. Sandplay in the context of an adult analytical therapy became a temenos for her healing and rite of passage in becoming a mother of her first child.
The Lion King, and the Emergence of the Self via Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Herrmann Steven B.
Published: November 2024

In this six-and-a-half-year case study, the author/psychotherapist describes, with illustrations from eight sandplay sessions, a transformation process of a boy he saw in his clinical practice from the ages of 4 until just prior to 11. What the sandplay portraits illustrate, sometimes with stunning detail, is the role of the father archetype in this boy's initiation between latency and adolescence. The central narrative of the boy's sandplay sessions centers on the story of the Lion King, a story about a boy's tragic loss of his father and healing subsequent to painful trauma of the father's death. This story mirrors the patient's personal psychology and forms the subjective myth that helped him place into context the tragedy and necessary individuation involved in his inner evolution. What emerges out of the eight sandplay sessions is a portrait of healing through sandplay in the context of the Lion King story.
Reconnecting to the Chaotic Primordial Ground: Creative Processes in Sandplay Therapy
Authors: Gundermann Ulrich
Published: November 2024

Creation converts earth into a place where mankind can live. M. L. von Franz understood these myths as symbolization of unconscious processes that describe the origins of our perceptions. For creation it is necessary to split up the primordial integral unity into opposites, it is necessary to "separate the world-parents," but these opposites also have to stay connected. Between them surge the "wonderful hills" of mankind. Sandplay allows for a re-creation of the world, like it is practice in "primitive cultures" for healing purposes. It offers the possibility to reconnect with our origins and allows inspirations from the spiritual to get shaped into the material world; it also enables us to perceive and express impulses from the body. In sandplay therapy chaotic images often represent unstructured psychic energy. If the sandplay scenes become more structured, this is connected with a feeling of meaningfulness and strengthening of the ego-Self-axis. The material above is illustrated through a case study of a 6-year-old boy who suffered from compulsion disorder.
Symbolism of Space From the Perspective of Grünwald's "Legetest"
Authors: Sado Tadahiro , Maeda Tadashi
Published: November 2024

This paper revisits theories of the symbolism of space from the perspective of the Legetest (placement test) developed by M. Grünwald. The data of 723 university students who completed the Legetest and NEO Five Factor Inventory suggest that there exists an orientation from lower-left to upper-right that marks past-present-future transitions in most people. This corresponds to Karl Koch's "imaginary life line (Lebenslinie)." These findings supported that, in the Grünwald-Koch schema, the lower-left represents the beginning, birth, and origins, and the upper-right represents the goal, end, and death. In particular, that the center of a representative space has a present and future orientation is of practical importance. These findings may be of value in understanding the use of space in sandplay therapy. Finally, some limitations of these findings are discussed.
Pendekatan Sosiologi Hukum Islam Sebagai Upaya Menjaga Keharmonisan Keluarga Sakinah
Authors: Lestari Dewi , Santoso Hani Hafizah Putri , Darmayanti Pipit , Ikrom Dawamil , Saiin Asrizal
Published: November 2024

Keluarga sakinah merupakan impian setiap orang, terutama yang sudah melangsungkan pernikahan yang diharapkan akan melahirkan kenyamanan dan ketentrama bagi anggota keluraga tersebut. Walaupun dalam prakteknya tidak mudah, ada rintangan dan halangan yang harus dilalui agar terciptanya keluarga sakinah. Salah satu kendala rumah tangga yaitu tidak se frekuensi, tidak mengerjakan kewajibannya, dan tidak memahami pasangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami pentingnya menjaga keharmonisan keluarga sakinah. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode studi pustaka pengumpulan data dengan cara mencari sumber dan merkontruksi dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan riset-riset yang sudah ada. Hasil penelitian yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan pendekatan sosiologi hukum Islam, keluarga harmonis atau keluarga Sakinah itu dapat terwujud dengan berpegang teguh pada “Sakinah Mawaddah Warahmah”, yang mana dapat menjadikan keluarga utuh dan tidak adanya konflik yang membuat terjadinya perpecahan. Adapun upaya menjaga keharmonisan keluarga Sakinah diantaranya: a) keterbukaan, b) empaty, c) sikap positif, d) sikap mendukung dan e) kesetaraan.
Interaksi antara Perubahan Sosial dan Hukum Keluarga Islam: Sebuah Studi Kasus tentang Peran Perempuan dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Keluarga
Authors: Ashari Beni
Published: November 2024

Family dynamics, including decision-making, are greatly impacted by dynamic social developments. The purpose of this study is to examine how Islamic family law and social change interact, with an emphasis on how women participate in family decision-making. This study uses in-depth case studies to investigate the ways in which Islamic family law concepts intersect with social changes including modernization, urbanization, and the rise in women's education. This study uses case study techniques in conjunction with a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews with women of all ages and socioeconomic backgrounds were used to gather data, and pertinent Islamic law materials were also examined. The findings of the study show that women's roles in family decision-making have changed significantly. Despite the fact that Islamic law has always given men more authority as heads of
Estimation of sodium and potassium content in bottled water available in commercial markets
Authors:   Department of Environmental and Food Research- Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Almontasir Sundus , Elhbeshi Fatma ,   Department of Environmental and Food Research- Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Abolgasem Fatma ,   Department of Environmental and Food Research- Libyan Biotechnology Research Center
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of the most popularly traded bottled water in Tripoli. The quality of two types of imported water and 30 types of locally produced bottled water were assessed using samples taken from the commercial markets of different companies that produce bottled water. The outcomes were then compared to the Libyan standard and the World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines. In this case, the assessment involved looking at a few physical and chemical characteristics of drinking water, such as pH, TDS (total dissolved solids), EC (electric conductivity), Na (Sodium), and K (Potassium). The study's findings demonstrated that bottled water in the study area complied with WHO guidelines and the Libyan standard, but it did so at much lower levels than the minimum and maximum allowable standards that were approved. This has a negative impact on human health because drinking water with low salt content can lead to a number of health issues, such as low blood pressure, osteoporosis, imbalance, memory loss, and other illnesses. The findings also indicated that there is a discrepancy between the specifications listed on the packages and the outcomes of the examination of the samples that were examined in the center's laboratories, indicating that the specification values listed on the packages do not accurately reflect the actual content of these packages.
Keywords: Bottled drinking water, standard specifications, physical and chemical properties.