bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADAPTASI PSIKOLOGIS LANSIA DENGAN POST STROKE ; ANALISIS FENOMENOLOGI
Authors: Pradikatama Prihanto Yafet , Ariesti Ellia
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Stroke atau Cerebro Vaskuler Accident (CVA) merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di daerah cerebral, yang disebebkan oleh pecahnya pembulih darah (stroke haemorargic) atau karena sumbatan (stroke iscemic). Manifestasi klinis stroke ini tergantung pada daerah serebri mana yang mengalami gangguan vaskularisasi. Tanda umum yang terjadi pada penderita stroke adalah terjadi kelemahan tubuh sampai dengan kelumpuhan total, baik seluruh tubuh maupun sebagian tubuh. Prevalensi stroke saat ini terbanyak masuh dialami oleh lansia, diatas 50 tahun, walaupun angka tersebut telah bergeser, dan banyak juga terjadi pada usia produktif, dan ini berhubungan dengan sedentary lifestyle. Setelah terjadi serangan stroke pada lansia, biasanya lansia masih mengalami gejala sisa. Gejala sisa inilah yang membuat lansia mengalami stress psikologis, salah satunya diakibatkan oleh kurangnya sumber informasi terkait perawatan post stroke. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara terstruktur, jumlah partisipan 5 orang. Didapatkan 7 sub tema yang menghasilkan 3 tema besar ; yaitu memiliki harapan, hambatan dari dalam diri dan perlunya dukungan eksternal. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah sebaiknya Puskesmas sebagai fasilitas kesehatan pertama juga menyediakan layanan kunjungan rumah pada pasien post stroke sehingga meminimalkan komplikasi, terutama masalah psikologis.

 

Kata Kunci : Post stroke ; Adaptasi ; Psikologis
降低自備藥給藥異常發生率之方案
Authors: 廖玲嬋 廖玲嬋
Published: March 2022

目的:自備藥給藥異常是常見的問題,透過品管圈來解決這個棘手的問題,期望達成有效改善。

方法:分析 2018 年 6 月的統計數據,發現自備藥給藥異常發生率為 63.3%,故成立 品管圈。檢視其原因,以柏拉圖驗證後發現「藥師未即時評估」、「自備藥物標示不清」為問題要因,據此擬定對策措施,並利用 Plan-Do-Check-Action 手法進行對策檢討和效果確認。

結果:對策實施後,自備藥給藥異常發生率由改善前 63.3%,下降至 28.6%(目標值為 37.1%),目標達成率為 132.4%、進步率為 54.8%,顯示運用品管圈的 改善方法效果良好。

結論:利用品管圈手法,改善自備藥審查流程,除降低給藥異常發生率、提升藥師滿意度外,推動小組在品管手法運用、活動信心方面,亦有顯著進步。

 

Objectives: The incidence of adverse medication events with self-prepared medicines is a common problem in routine clinical practice. This study investigates the effi- cacy of a quality control circle (QCC) to decrease the incidence.

Methods: Data for June 2018 were analyzed, and the results revealed a delay rate of 63.3%. Thus, a QCC was established to decrease the rate .Through Pareto analysis, the QCC identified that “no immediate assessment by pharmacists” and “unclear labeling of self-prepared medicines” were the root causes of damage. Accordingly, the QCC formulated solutions, which were subsequently verified by the Plan–Do–Check–Action.

Results: After the implementation of the countermeasures, the incidence decreased from 63.3% to 28.6% (the target value was 37.1% ). The goal achievement was 132.4%, and progress was 54.8%. The findings showed the use of QCC works well.

Conclusion: This program can help our hospital to improve self-prepared medical reviews. It reduces the incidence of adverse medication events with self- prepared medicines and enhances pharmacists’ satisfaction. Therefore, this program is a useful strategy to improve medical management.

 
降低急診室血液培養汙染率
Authors: 黃沛榆 黃沛榆 , 洪敏慧 洪敏慧 , 沈郁惠 沈郁惠 , Yu-Hui Shen 謝嘉琪 , Chia-Chi Hsieh 朱志民
Published: March 2022

血液培養採檢為急診室常見的護理技術,然而血液培養汙染容易間接造成病人傷害,鑑於單位血液培養污染率高達 7.77%,遠超出設定之閾值 <3%,需立即改善 為專案成立動機,為降低血液培養汙染率,專案小組人員分析發現護理人員執行血液培養採檢技術錯誤率高、認知測驗答對率低、採血工具不符需求且未稽核,經安 排在職教育課程、引進 3M 低敏護手乳(Cavilon)提高洗手遵從性、針對特定族群增加皮膚清潔次數、導入讀秒機制概念、稽核和回饋機制,成功降低血液培養污染 率至 2.3%、血液培養採檢錯誤率降至 3%、血液培養認知測驗答對率提升至 100%達專案目的,經由本專案推行針對特定族群較年長者和長照機構住民,增加皮膚清 潔次數與運用讀秒機制,落實等待消毒液乾燥,推行成效良好,建議可平行展開至其他科室,提升病人照護品質。

 

Blood culture sampling is a common nursing technique in emergency rooms. However, blood culture contamination is likely to indirectly cause patient harm. Given that the unit blood culture contamination rate is as high as 7.77%, which far exceeds the set threshold of <3%, it needs to be immediately improved as the motivation for project establishment. To reduce the contamination rate of blood cultures, the task force analysis found that the nursing staff had a high error rate in performing blood culture sampling, a low rate of correct answers to cognitive tests, and blood sampling tools that did not meet the requirements and were not audited. After arranging an on-the-job education course, providing 3M hyposensi-tive hand cream (Cavilon), increasing the frequency of skin cleansing for specific ethnic groups, introducing the concept of the countdown mechanism, and devel-oping an audit and feedback mechanism, we successfully reduced the blood culture contamination rate to 2.3%, the blood culture sampling error rate to 3%, and increased the blood culture cognitive test answer rate to 100% of the project purpose, This project was aimed at older people and residents of long-term care institution. We aimed to increase the frequency of skin cleaning and used a count- down mechanism to wait for the disinfectant to dry. According to our findings, the improvement effect was good. Currently, the plan is being implemented in other parallel wards.

 
多發性骨髓瘤病人施行造血幹細胞移植之醫療資源耗用分析
Authors: 葉淑婷 葉淑婷 , 李金德 李金德 , 卓士峯 卓士峯
Published: March 2022

目的:探討多發性骨髓瘤病人施行造血幹細胞移植之醫療資源耗用分析。

方法:本研究為回溯性之研究,研究樣本取自單一醫學中心,2010 年至 2017 年為 新診斷多發性骨髓瘤且有進行造血幹細胞移植的病人。結果:結果顯示接受造血幹細胞移植的病人年齡為 57.77 ± 8.24 歲,平均門診次數為 97.77 ± 64.72 次,住院次數為 5 ± 3.09 次,急診次數為 3.04 ± 5.02 次, 門診總花費為 1,318,724.23 ± 1,009,450.62 元,住院總花費為 1,020,685.5 ±478,821.88 元。

結論:接受治療的病人在第一年的門診及住院費用為最高,第二年之後會開始遞 減,而不接受治療的人則有相反的表現,第一年門診及住院費用最低,之後開始逐年上升,所花的醫療費用比接受治療的人更高。

 

Objectives: We conducted a medical resource consumption analysis in multiple myeloma patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at a single center.
Methods: This was a retrospective study, and the subjects were newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from January 2010 to 31 December 2017 at a single medical center.

Results: The mean age of patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 57.77 ± 8.24 years. The mean number of outpatient visits was 97.77 ± 64.72, mean number of hospitalizations was 5 ± 3.09, mean number of emergency department visits was 3.04 ± 5.02, total outpatient cost was 1,318,724.23 ± 1,009,450.62 NTD, and total hospitalization cost was 1,020,685.5 ± 478,821.88 NTD.

Conclusions: This study showed that the cost was the highest during the period of active treatment, and if the patient’s condition improved, the cost would decrease accordingly. This result was similar to that of our study, in which the outpa-tient and hospitalization expenses of the treated patients were the highest in the first year and began to decrease after the second year. The opposite was true for untreated patients whose outpatient and hospitalization expenses were the lowest in the first year and then increased annually. The medical expenses of untreated patients were higher than those of treated patients.

 
微小核酸-29C/類二型賴氨酸氧化酶於肺腺癌之診斷治療意義
Authors: Yi-Heng Chen Yi-Heng Chen , Yi-Heng Chen Hung-Yu Lin , Hung-Yu Lin Chia-Ying Lin
Published: March 2022

肺腺癌的早期精準診斷以及其抗藥性的生成一直是臨床上的挑戰。近年來發現 到微核酸 29C 以及類二型賴氨酸氧化酶分別扮演的抑癌以及促癌角色。然而,微核 酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線的臨床意義以及生物功能尚未釐清。本研究應用 多體學策略探討微核酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線是否可作為肺腺癌預測模組以 及作為治療標的的潛力。自 cBioPortal 伺服器擷取 7,561 件肺腺癌檢體中,微核酸 29C 的突變光譜展現隨機分布,擴增率僅 3%,且基因套數變化不影響病人存活時 間。相比之下,低表達微核酸 29C 與短存活時間顯著相關,且與類二型賴氨酸氧化 酶呈現負相關。高表達類二型賴氨酸氧化酶與短存活時間顯著相關,並且與 CD8 陽 性 T 細胞呈現負相關,而與癌相關纖維母細胞呈現正相關,顯示出抑制免疫的腫瘤 微環境特徵。此外,微核酸 29C 與臨床分期呈現負向關聯性。TargetScan 生資工具 預測出微核酸 29C 的 3’ 端可標靶類二型賴氨酸氧化酶的兩處 3’ 端未轉譯區,核苷 酸位序 555-561 以及 757-763,表明微核酸 29C 有抑制類二型賴氨酸氧化酶的潛力。 總結本研究發現低表達微核酸 29C 連同高表達類二型賴氨酸氧化酶可預測肺腺癌不 良預後。微核酸 29C/ 類二型賴氨酸氧化酶軸線指出一肺腺癌新生物路徑以及治療 標的。

 

The early, precise diagnosis and drug resistance of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a challenging issue. The tumor suppression role of microRNA- 29C (MIR29C) and the tumor promotion role of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) have recently been observed. However, the clinical implication and biological function of MIR29C/lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) axis remains unclear. In this study, we utilized the multi-omic approach to investigate whether the MIR29C/LOXL2 axis can serve as a prediction panel and determine its potential as therapeutic targets. Using the cBioPortal server, the mutation landscape of MIR29C in LUAD samples showed that the mutation spectrum presented a random distribution and the amplification rate was as low as 3%, while LOXL2 presented as 6%. The copy number alteration of MIR29C had no effect on the overall survival (OS) rate, whereas that of LOXL2 was associated with poor OS. In contrast, the low expression of MIR29C was significantly associated with shorter OS. MIR29C negatively correlated with LOXL2 mRNA level. High expression of LOXL2 was significantly associated with shorter OS, and connected with lower infiltration levels of CD8+T cells and higher infiltrate levels of cancer associated fibroblast, representing hallmarks of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In addition, MIR29C showed a negative association with advanced stages. Using TargetScan Release 7.2, MIR29C-3p was predicted to target LOXL2 3’UTR at position 555-561 and position 757-763, suggesting its inhibitory potential on LOXL2 expression. In summary, this study revealed that low expression of MIR29C and high expression of LOXL2 predict poor outcomes for LUAD patients. The MIR29C/LOXL2 axis may point out a new biological pathway that could be a potential therapeutic target for LUAD.

 
First report of the ash leaf curl aphid, Prociphilus fraxinifolii in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: ESENALI UULU Tair , GÖÇMEN Hüseyin
Published: March 2022

Between 2018-2020 malformations and some curled leaves were observed at the base of a number of Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. trees in landscaped areas in Djal microdistrict in Bishkek city, capital of the Kyrgyz Republic. In July 2021,. In July 2021, a survey has been conducted throughout city to check the presence of the newly emerged exotic pest and colonies of ash leaf curl aphid Prociphilus fraxinifolii (Riley, 1879) were observed on the green ash trees, Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. It was detected from 3 localities out of 11 in Bishkek. The rate of infestation were determined between 12 and 42%. This is the ﬁrst record of the species in Kyrgyzstan.
COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinin Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitki ya da Ürünlerinin Kullanımına Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOÇ GÜLER Saadet
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinin bitkisel ürün (tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler kullanılarak elde edilen kozmetik ve temizlik dışı ürünler) kullanımına etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla 6 Ocak- 6 Şubat 2021 tarihleri arasında 22 sorudan oluşan bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anketler Google Form programı kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Çalışma, Türkiye’nin yedi bölgesi dikkate alınarak, 442 kişinin katılımı ile tamamlanmıştır. Katılımcıların %10.4’ü pandemi süreci ile bitkisel ürün kullanmaya başladığını, %30.4’ü de pandemi süreci ile birlikte kullanım miktarını arttırdığını belirtmiştir. Sonuçlar, bitkisel ürünlerin daha çok bağışıklık güçlendirmek amacıyla (%42.5) kullanıldığını ve çoğunlukla aktarlardan temin edildiğini (%47) göstermektedir. Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin, katılımcılar tarafından daha çok bitki çayı şeklinde tüketildiği (%31.6) ve katılımcıların önemli bir kısmının (%37.3) satın aldıkları ürünlerin organik sertifikasının olmasına dikkat ettiği görülmüştür. Katılımcıların COVID-19 Pandemisi süresince bitkisel ürün kullanımı üzerine yaş, cinsiyet, çocuk varlığı ve COVID-19 geçirip geçirmemiş olmalarının etkisinin önemli olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05).
INTERNAÇÕES E ÓBITOS POR SÍFILIS NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DESCRITIVO
Authors: Paz Erivânia Guedes da , Santana Juliane Reis , Portugal Rafaela de Jesus , Santana Raquel de Jesus , Guimarães Maria Clara Bezerra , Silva Caroline Taiane Santos da
Published: March 2022

OBJETIVO: Descrever registros epidemiológicos referentes às internações e óbitos por sífilis no Brasil. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo construído por meio de dados secundários do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), através do aplicativo de tabulações efetuadas na internet (TABNET). Foram incluídas sífilis congênita, precoce e outros tipos. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Entre março de 2011 a março 2021, as internações por sífilis configuraram pouco mais de 145 mil hospitalizações e aproximadamente 460 registros de óbitos. O presente estudo revelou uma quantidade significativa de internações e óbitos por sífilis no Brasil no decorrer dos últimos dez anos. Sendo o tipo congênito o mais expressivo em ambos os aspectos supracitados. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se uma tendência crescente nas internações e óbitos por sífilis no Brasil. Para que o país alcance atenuação ou erradicação da infecção, o constante monitoramento dos diversos tipos de sífilis é essencial.
El sistema electoral mexicano: equidad en la competencia, inequidad en la representación
Authors: Valdés Zurita Leonardo
Published: March 2022

México ha sido uno de los países latinoamericanos que más reformas políticas y electorales ha realizado en las últimas décadas. Esas reformas han impactado la articulación entre el sistema de go- bierno, el sistema de partidos y el propio sistema electoral. Este texto cuenta brevemente la historia del reformismo electoral mexicano, y destaca sus momentos y piezas fundamentales. Ofrece, además, una perspectiva analítica que ayuda a comprender el proceso de sustitución de un sistema de partido hegemó- nico por otro plural y competitivo. Finalmente, hace una crítica a la capacidad del sistema electoral para llevar al espacio de la representación política la pluralidad que se ha forjado en ese país.
El impacto de la reforma de 2014 en la destitución de autoridades electorales locales en México
Authors: Hernández Cruz Cecilia Aida
Published: March 2022

La reforma electoral de 2014 en México es probablemente la que mayor impacto ha tenido en el sistema electoral, asimismo, es la reforma que ha tenido una repercusión importante en la designación de autoridades electorales subnacionales y en sus atribuciones. Antes de la reforma, la designación de consejerías y magistraturas electorales recaían en los congresos locales. La reforma electoral modificó ese mecanismo de designación para que fuera la autoridad electoral nacional la encargada de designar a las consejerías locales, y el Senado de la República, a las magistraturas, y buscar con ello menor injerencia de las élites políticas locales en las decisiones de las autoridades. El presente trabajo busca comparar en qué institución electoral subnacional se dio el mayor número de destituciones de 2015 a 2020, y sus posibles causas.
Elecciones Primarias Honduras 2021: entre una reforma inconclusa y lecciones aprendidas
Authors: Jerez Moreno Rafael
Published: March 2022

Lo que tradicionalmente se consideraba un ejercicio democrático sin mayores inconvenientes, como las elecciones primarias celebradas el 14 de marzo con la participación de las tres fuerzas políticas mayoritarias, luego se caracterizó no solo por los retos que implica organizar comicios en medio de una emergencia sanitaria. A esto se le suma los procesos de reformas legislativas e institucionales pendientes en materia electoral, iniciados a partir de la crisis política originada en las elecciones generales de 2017. En este contexto, el objetivo de este análisis es reflexionar en torno a las principales etapas del proceso electoral primario conducido por los nuevos organismos electorales; para ello se enfatizará en los acontecimientos de la etapa preelectoral que condicionaron el desarrollo de la jornada electoral y la presentación de reclamos en la etapa poselectoral. El análisis se sitúa en el proceso primario, pero a la vez deja entrever el riesgo latente de que los hechos se repitan o se agraven en la celebración de las elecciones generales del 28 de noviembre de 2021 debido al poco tiempo para el logro de consensos partidarios que den paso a la aprobación e implementación de reformas entre la finalización del proceso primario el 13 de abril y la convocatoria del proceso electoral general a cargo del Consejo Nacional Electoral el 27 de mayo.
Sağlık Tesislerinde Tıbbi Cihazların Etkin Yönetimi İçin Bir Model Önerisi
Authors: ULUÇAY Hüsnü , FİDAN Ugur
Published: March 2022

Modern dünyada sağlık teknolojilerine her geçen gün daha fazla ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bununla orantılı olarak ülkelerin sağlık teknolojilerine yaptığı harcamalar artmaktadır. Sağlık tesisi yöneticileri artan sağlık teknolojileri harcamaları ile birlikte yüksek hizmet beklentisini karşılayabilmek için iyi bir tıbbi cihaz yönetimi gerçekleştirebilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, hastanelerdeki mevcut tıbbi cihaz yönetiminde yapılabilecek değişiklikler ve uygulama alanına yönelik teknik çalışmalar tasarlanmıştır. Tıbbi cihazların etkin, verimli ve tasarruflu yönetilmesi dört temel süreç ile tasarlanmış olup; toparlayıcı ve bütüncül bir yapı oluşturulmuştur. Bahse konu dört temel süreç: Tedarik, eğitim, teknik çalışmalar ve hurdaya ayırma sonrasında yapılacak çalışmalardır. Her bir süreç için temel sorunlar belirlenmiş, bu sorunların kalıcı çözümü için öneriler sunulmuştur. Pilot uygulama Tavşanlı Doç. Dr. Mustafa Kalemli Devlet Hastanesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan uygulamada hizmet ve malzeme tasarrufu, tıbbi cihazların etkin yönetimi ve personel motivasyonu artışı sağlanmıştır. Süreç kapsamında geliştirilen hurda kayıt sistemi (HUKS) uygulaması kullanılarak 15 adet tıbbi cihaz ortalama 1,5 günde onarılarak hizmete sunulmuştur. Bunun yanında yedek parça tedariki tamamlanmış 1 adet elektrokardiyografi (EKG) cihazı da bu sistemden elde edilen elektronik kart ile onarılarak hizmete sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, mevcut tıbbi cihaz yönetiminde bazı değişiklikler yapılarak ve HBYS (Hastane Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi)- MKYS (Malzeme Kaynak Yönetim Sistemi) entegrasyonu sağlanarak tüm klinik mühendislik hizmetleri faaliyetlerinin etkin bir şekilde yürütüleceği görülmüştür.
From H5N1 to HxNy: An epidemiologic overview of human infections with avian influenza in the Western Pacific Region, 2003–2017
Authors: Hamid Sarah , Arima Yuzo , Dueger Erica , Konings Frank , Bell Leila , Lee Chin-Kei , Luo Dapeng , Otsu Satoko , Olowokure Babatunde , Li Ailan , Team WPRO Health Emergencies Programme
Published: March 2022

Since the first confirmed human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in 1997, sporadic zoonotic avian influenza viruses causing illness in humans have been identified globally, with the WHO Western Pacific Region as one of the hotspots. From November 2003, when a resurgence of H5N1 virus activity in humans and animals occurred, through September 2017, 1,838 human infections with avian influenza viruses in the region were reported to WHO. Viruses infecting humans were A(H5N1), A(H5N6), A(H6N1), A(H7N9), A(H9N2) and A(H10N8). The vast majority of infections were with H7N9 (n=1,562) and H5N1 (n=238) viruses, and most (n=1583, 86%) were reported from December through April. In poultry and wild birds, H5N1 and H5N6 subtypes were the most widely distributed, with outbreaks reported from ten and eight countries and areas, respectively. Regional analyses of human infections with avian influenza subtypes revealed distinct patterns and variations in epidemiology across countries, age, and time. Such epidemiologic patterns may not be apparent from aggregated global summaries or isolated country reports; regional assessment can offer additional insight that can inform risk assessment and response efforts. As infected animals and contaminated environments are the primary source of human infections, regional analyses that bring together surveillance data from human and animal health sectors are an important basis for exposure and transmission risk assessment and public health action. A One Health approach combining sustained event-based surveillance with enhanced collaboration between the human, animal (domestic and wildlife), and environmental sectors will provide a basis to inform joint risk assessment and coordinated response capacities
Marking the 1918 influenza pandemic centennial: addressing regional influenza threats through the Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Dueger Erica , Li Ailan , Peters Lisa
Published: March 2022

The Western Pacific Region (WPR) is home to nearly 1.9 billion people. Over the past decades, the Region has experienced a number of significant emerging infectious disease events, including human infections with avian influenza viruses. Health security threats continue and become even more complex in this highly interconnected world. With humans and animals living in close proximity, the Western Pacific region provides an ideal environment for influenza viruses to pass from animals to humans, potentially mutate and spread globally in a rapid manner. In efforts to prevent or mitigate the next pandemic, WPR has been working together to ensure a strong regional human-animal-environmental influenza surveillance system is in place for rapid detection, identification, reporting and response to any events with pandemic potential.
Description of social contacts among student cases of pandemic influenza during the containment phase, Melbourne, Australia, 2009
Authors: van Gemert Caroline , McBryde Emma , Bergeri Isabel , Sacks-Davis Rachel , Vally Hassan , Spelman Tim , Sutton Brett , Hellard Margaret
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Students comprised the majority of early cases of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Melbourne, Australia. Students and school settings were targeted for public health interventions following the emergence of pH1N1. This study was conducted to describe changes in social contacts among the earliest confirmed student cases of pH1N1 in Melbourne, Australia, to inform future pandemic control policy and explore transmission model assumptions. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional behavioural study of student cases with laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 between 28 April and 3 June 2009 was conducted in 2009. Demographics, symptom onset dates and detailed information on regular and additional extracurricular activities were collected. Summary measures for activities were calculated, including median group size and median number of close contacts and attendance during the students’ exposure and infectious periods or during school closures. A multivariable model was used to assess associations between rates of participation in extracurricular activities and both school closures and students’ infectious periods. Results: Among 162 eligible cases, 99 students participated. Students reported social contact in both curricular and extra-curricular activities. Group size and total number of close contacts varied. While participation in activities decreased during the students’ infectious periods and during school closures, social contact was common during periods when isolation was advised and during school closures. Discussion: This study demonstrates the potential central role of young people in pandemic disease transmission given the level of non-adherence to prevention and control measures. These finding have public health implications for both informing modelling estimates of future pandemics and targeting prevention and control strategies to young people.
Planning for and responding to pandemic influenza emergencies: it’s time to listen to, prioritize and privilege Aboriginal perspectives
Authors: Crooks Kristy , Masset Peter , Taylor Kylie , Miller Adrian , Campbell Sandra , Andrews Ross
Published: March 2022

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples continue to experience disproportionately higher rates of mortality and hospitalisation for many infectious diseases. In the past, infectious disease emergency planning and response failed to include Aboriginal people. Aboriginal worldviews and Aboriginal voices must now be valued, and incorporated into health policy and practice.
The role of radiofrequency ablation as an alternative tool in management of symptomatic benign thyroid nodules
Authors: Ahmad Esraa Mahmoud , Amer Hanan Mohamed , EL Baky Rania Sayed Abd , Nasr Mehran Samy , Hussein Ahmed Mohamed , EL Halawani Salah Hussein
Published: March 2022

Aim of the work: To assess the role of radiofrequency ablation as an alternative tool in management of symptomatic benign thyroid nodules. Methods: We assessed non-functioning benign thyroid nodules in 10 patients, after treatment by radiofrequency (RF) ablation and follow-up for 6 months. RF ablation was done by Cool-Tip RF system and cooled internal electrode. Nodule volume, cosmetic and symptom scores were calculated earlier prior to treatment and throughout the follow-up. We assessed all efficacy related factors and reported complications. Results: A statistically significant difference existed between volume of nodules before the procedure with mean volume was 22.20 ± 4.61 and 1 month after with mean volume 12.38 ± 2.91with mean reduction ratio of 44.27 ± 5.77% and 3 months after the procedure with mean volume 8.08 ± 2.92 with mean reduction ratio of 65.14 ± 8.92%, also 6 months after procedure with mean volume 6.90 ± 2.78 with mean reduction ratio of 71.10 ± 7.71 %. The symptoms were significantly improved after RF ablation of patients complaining of compressive and cosmetic problems.
Synthesis and evaluating antimicrobial activity for chalcones thiophen compounds
Authors: Hassan Maymouna Mazhar Khalaf , Hussein Maha Salih
Published: March 2022

This research included the preparation and characterization of compounds containing chalcones, Schiff bases, and Azo dye: bearing thiophene ring. The compounds (1mk-3mk) had prepared from the reaction acetophenone derivatives with 2-formyl thiophene and, then 2mmk had introduced in two reactions: first, its reaction with some substitutes of benzaldehyde to prepare Schiff bases (4mk-7mk), and the second was the design of a bis azo dye from p-Phenylenediamine with salicylaldehyde to get 8mk, and then reacted with chalcone 2mk to obtain the compound 9mk. The chemical formulas of the prepared compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic methods using UV, infrared, NMR spectroscopy of protons and carbon 13. The antimicrobial activity had tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in compared with neomycin sulfate and nystatin, and some compounds showed good to moderate inhibition at a concentration of 7.5,10 mg/ml.
The Participation of Rural Afghan Women in Small-Scale Dairy Farming
Authors: Khail Miraqa Hussain , Ahmadzai Khal Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Afghanistan is an agricultural country, where more than 80% of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihoods. The livestock sector contributes perhaps half of the licit agriculture’s contribution to the national GDP. Small-scale dairy farming is an important component of Afghanistan’s rural economy. Milk and dairy products are crucial for the daily food security and income generation of most Afghan households. Rural women play a significant role in agriculture production, but their contribution remains un-recognized by researchers and policymakers. This study intends to examine the role and extent of the participation of rural women in small-scale dairy farming. There are no data available for an objective understanding of the role played by women in the rural economy of Afghanistan. The data was obtained from a sample of 180 rural women using a random sampling technique through a dairy farm survey in the Mousahi district of Kabul, Afghanistan during August and September 2021. Descriptive statistical tools like frequency, average, and percentage were used for the analysis. The study concluded that rural women’s contribution is one of the most significant elements of the operation of small-scale dairy farming, and most dairy farming work, from fodder collection to feeding, watering, animal management, and health care, is conducted by women.
Correlation of Erythrocyte Distribution Width Values with Preeclampsia and Preeclampsia with Severity Criteria
Authors: Mendoza Edgar Allan Villagómez
Published: March 2022

Aim: To determine the correlation of the red cell distribution width values with pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia with severity criteria. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, prospective study of patients who met the inclusion criteria in the period from August 2019 to August 2020. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test and Spearman's correlation to calculate the dependence between the non-parametric variables, the value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 9 patients with pre-eclampsia and 30 pre-eclampsia were obtained with severity criteria. There was no statistical difference when comparing the RDW of patients with pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia with severity criteria (p=0.226), in patients with systolic blood pressure values ≥160mmHg there was an increase in RDW levels (p=0.042) Objective: To determine the correlation of erythrocyte distribution width values with pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia with severity criteria. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between increased RDW and systolic blood pressure values ≥160mmHg.
Implications of the Theory of Mind in Learning: A Look from the Virtual Education Approach
Authors: D Umaña Marín
Published: March 2022

This research was born as an unknown related to the recent application of Virtual Education in educational centers, not only in Costa Rica, but worldwide. All of the above for reasons of public health prevention, given the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This is how it is then tried to investigate whether there are implications in relation to the theoretical proposal of the Theory of Mind (TM) and its relationship with Distance Education (virtuality), as part of a new training model (teaching and learning).
Efficacy And Safety of Nifuratel-Nystatin in The Treatment of Mixed Vaginitis, in Pregnant Women From Quindío, 2013-2017. Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: De La Hoz Franklin J Espitia
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Women with abnormal vaginal discharge usually suffer from bacterial vaginosis (BV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), trichomonas vaginitis (TV) or any combination of these. Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of the combination nifuratel-nystatin with metronidazole -nystatin in the treatment of mixed vaginitis in pregnant women, and its adverse effects. Materials and methods: Randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trial in 153 pregnant women, diagnosed with mixed vaginitis; in a complex private medical institution in Armenia (Colombia), between 2013 and 2017. The patients were randomized 1:1 to receive a daily intravginal egg for six days: nifuratel (500mg) - nystatin (200,000 IU) (Group "A") and metronidazole (500mg) - nystatin (100,000 IU) (Group "B"). A follow-up of the healing of symptoms was determined at one week and an evaluation of the microbiological negativization at one month. Safety was assessed based on reports of adverse events. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The mean age of the population was 27.59±3.71 years. The mean gestational age in group "A" was 18.56±2.87 weeks compared to 19.57±2.95 weeks in group "B" (p=0.87). The clinical cure rates at 7 days in group "A" were 84.61% vs. 81.33% in group "B", (p=0.91) The microbiological negativization at one month was 91.02% in group "A" vs. 86.66% in group "B", (p=0,072) The recurrence rate was 1.28% in group "A" vs. 5.33% in group "B", (p=0.37) Adverse events were present in the metronidazole-nystatin group, which were mild and self-limited. Conclusion: Both drugs have comparable efficacy and similar safety results in the treatment of mixed vaginitis in pregnant women; therefore, they can be used interchangeably. Studies in larger populations with a control group and random assignment are required to provide better evidence regarding this management.
Large Coronary Intramural Hematoma Presenting as Acute Coronay Syndrome
Authors: Ibenchekroun M
Published: March 2022

Isolated spontaneous coronary intramural hematoma is characterized by a hemorrhage limited to the media–adventitial layers, causing subsequent hematoma formation without visible intimal flaps. Spontaneous isolated intramural hematoma may occur in the absence of associated intimal dissection. It is an infrequent and serious coronary vessel wall pathology with poorly understood underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Affected individuals may present with a broad spectrum of symptoms ranging from acute coronary syndromes (ACS) to cardiogenic shock or even sudden cardiac death. The disease entity causes challenges in terms of both diagnostic and treatment strategy. We report a case of intramural coronary hematoma in a patient presenting with non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Spontaneous Rupture of Subclavian Artery Branch Leads to Compromised Airway
Authors: Hartman William R
Published: March 2022

Though rare, a spontaneous rupture of a branch of the left subclavian artery leading to a compromised airway requiring emergent intervention by experienced staff can occur. In such cases, the expanding hematoma can cause tracheal deviation. Here we discuss the emergent airway management of such a case emphasizing the importance of early intervention by an experienced airway management team.
3D Modeling and Simulation of Subsea Structures Tieback to Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Unit for Offshore Field Development
Authors: Brantson Eric Thompson
Published: March 2022

This paper seeks to model and simulate a 3D Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit and subsea structures for the separation of reservoir fluids. In this paper, each component on the hull of the FPSO and the subsea structures were constructively designed with Python codes written in Blender software according to ship building practice and offshore standards. Material (colour) was added to each component as well as environmental features to depict reality for deepwater operations with extreme weather conditions. Nanofiltration (NF) membrane separation technology was implemented into the modelling process for the purification of water to reduce the sulphate content for reinjection to boost productivity. Also, this study minimizes flow assurance problems to improve subsea production system (SPS) by installing a subsea separator which allows oil, gas, water and sand slurry phases to be separated prior to being boosted up the risers. Additionally, the separator design has an integrated sand slurry handling system which ensures proper sand management. Results from this paper show a final rendered work of a new generation of FPSO design tie back from subsea structures and the simulation (subsea and surface) of the reservoir fluids separation processes.
Preregistration Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis Type D personality
Authors: Lodder Paul
Published: March 2022

This study will use an individual patient data meta-analysis on 18 published prospective cohort studies to investigate the association between Type D personality and the risk on adverse events in cardiovascular disease patients.
R script Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis Type D
Authors: Lodder Paul
Published: March 2022

The R-script used to process the data and run a multilevel logistic regression
Review on Spatial Memory, Psychosis and Cognitive Dysfunction Screening Methods in Rat models
Authors: Yekkaladev Abhishek , Chaitanya Koppala RVS
Published: March 2022

Assessment of memory and learning in animal models has been extensively employed in scientific research. Among many disorders,inthis article, we emphasise anoverall review of memory-related problems like those representing diseases with primary processes of affected memory –such as amnesia, dementia, brain ageing, neurodevelopment, trauma, epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders, etc. Toxic effects of specific drugs and other exploring are often responsible for these conditions. There is a diversification of experimental methods assessing animal learning and memory skills. We have many memories assessment models today to test memory along with maze in rodents; there are also other several types of them, but their real usefulness, advantages and applications stay to be completely settled and rely upon the specific variation chosenby the experimenter. The point of the current article is first, to momentarily audit the collected information concerning spatial memory tasks; second, to welcome the reader data on the various types of memory diseases in rodents; and third, to elucidate the usefulness and limitations of different available plant sources to treat memory and learning disorders.
How We Tell Apart Fiction from Reality
Authors: Abraham Anna
Published: March 2022

The human ability to tell apart reality from fiction is intriguing. Through a range of media, such as novels and movies, we are able to readily engage in fictional worlds and experience alternative realities. Yet even when we are completely immersed and emotionally engaged within these worlds, we have little difficulty in leaving the fictional landscapes and getting back to the day-to-day of our own world. How are we able to do this? How do we acquire our understanding of our real world? How is this similar to and different from the development of our knowledge of fictional worlds? In exploring these questions, this article makes the case for a novel multilevel explanation (called BLINCS) of our implicit understanding of the reality–fiction distinction, namely that it is derived from the fact that the worlds of fiction, relative to reality, are bounded, inference-light, curated, and sparse.
Accio Knowledge: Children's Knowledge Acquisition in the Domain of Harry Potter
Authors: Galotti Kathleen M. , Hauge Katharine L. , Leppink-Shands Chris , Umscheid Valerie A. , Villanueva Jed
Published: March 2022

We conducted a conceptual replication of Chi and Koeske (1983) and Gobbo and Chi's (1986) studies on children's knowledge acquisition. One hundred elementary school students (86 through 159 months of age, in school grades 1 through 7) were asked to recall information about Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, the first of the books in the Harry Potter series. A quantitative measure of expertise was derived by a summation of factor loadings that were drawn from a free response and trivia task and from the number of Harry Potter books and movies a child reported having read or watched. Different measures of expertise were strongly intercorrelated but were only moderately correlated with age or grade. Although there was a significant correlation between age or grade and knowledge acquisition and expertise, nearly every other measure that correlated with expertise maintained statistical significance, even when we controlled for age or grade. Furthermore, regardless of age or grade, children with higher knowledge acquisition and expertise scores sorted characters more cohesively, with more sophistication, and used more categories that require a deep understanding of the Harry Potter domain. These results reinforce the idea that expertise is an aspect of knowledge that can be separated from a child's level of cognitive development and is associated with a deeper and richer knowledge base.
Tribute to E. J. Capaldi: Celebration of a Psychological Scientist
Authors: Proctor Robert W. , Altman Meaghan , Haggbloom Steven J. , Martins Ana P. G. , Miller Daniel J. , Miller Ronald M.
Published: March 2022

E. J. (John) Capaldi (1928–2020) made numerous contributions to experimental psychology in his long career at the University of Texas at Austin and Purdue University. He was a pioneer in the area of animal learning and cognition, known for his sequential theory of partial reinforcement extinction effects. His research in this area and in memory and counting phenomena was conducted for the most part with rats running in straight alley mazes under various sequences of trial outcomes (e.g., reward, nonreward, variations in reward size). John's other interests included the sequential theory applied to Pavlovian conditioning, evolutionary theory, and psychology of science. More generally, John was a scientist to the core who served as a role model to those who knew him. His career centered on the values of science and rigorous critical thinking based in empirical data, coupled with a curiosity and openness to different and new ideas in psychology.
Poetics of Loss and Dislocation
Authors: Anders Jaroslaw
Published: March 2022

This essay examines several recurring themes, references, and poetic tropes in Anna Frajlich's poetry, to establish how her personal experience of exile and dislocation shapes and enriches her poetic universe. It focuses on the poet's treatment of space, time, memory, human relations, and the nagging sense of incompleteness often expressed by her lyrical personae. The essay combines historical and structural analysis of the main features of Frajlich's poetry, paying special attention to the prosodic organization of her verse, types of poetic diction, the intermittent use of traditional and innovative poetic forms to show that the poet's work, though highly diverse in form and content, inclines toward the “classical” model of expression characterized by a sense of poise, emotional restraint, and search for order, while at the same time avoiding intellectual and moral aloofness, didacticism, abstractness usually associated with “classicist” literary style. Frajlich's poetry acknowledges life's confusion without yielding to it, resists chaos without denying its presence in our lives. Her personal experience presents itself primarily as a heightened sensitivity to all forms of discord and discontinuity in the lives of people, communities, and nations. Born of a “wound,” it surmounts a personal tale of anguish and alienation, and forges it into a universal tale of the modern human condition. An escape, an exile from home, a painful dislocation, self-doubt, and uncertainty, is transformed into what the poet calls a “perfect journey” of self-affirmation, self-renewal, and intellectual as well as emotional discovery.
On Corporeal Tropes in Anna Frajlich's Poetry
Authors: Bartos Ewa
Published: March 2022

“On Corporeal Tropes in Anna Frajlich's Poetry” is an attempt to take a closer look at the diverse ways in which corporeality is understood by the author of Łodzią jest i jest przystanią [It is both boat and harbor]. In Frajlich's works one can observe a reflection on corporeality. Even though Frajlich does not shy away from describing bodies which are sensual, erotic, and ones that experience emotions, she also pays attention to bodies which suffer and are stricken with pain. A recurrent theme in Frajlich's poetry is the body in the context of collective experiences. Displacement and exile are prominent themes in Frajlich's poetry, which affect the poet's body. The attacks of September 11, 2001, represent a collective wound, which “heals,” but the scar remains. Trauma in Frajlich's poetry is shown through the body, a toothache or devastating pain. Finally, Frajlich's poetry often presents lyrical images in which the body constitutes the transmitter of nonverbal desires and human pain. On the one hand, Frajlich observes the body's physiological decay, and on the other, she does not shy away from describing the sensual, erotic, and feeling body.
Intervento di Raffaella Colombo - 16 Dicembre 2020
Authors: Colombo Raffaella
Published: March 2022

Trascrizione dell'intervento di Raffaella Colombo all'interno del ciclo di seminari La disobbedienza civile 2020-2021.
A Comparative study of Carbon Stocks in Shorea Robusta and Schima-Castanopsis Forests in Siwalik and Lesser Himalayan Zone Nepal
Authors: Sharma Ram , Timilsina Yajna , Bastola Arjun , Gupta M.
Published: March 2022

A study was conducted to estimate the of above ground and below ground carbon stocks in trees, shrubs, herbs/grasses and leaf litter in Kankali community forest of Chainpur Village Development Committee (VDC), Chitwan district and Tibrekot community forest of Hemja Village Development Committee (VDC), Kaski district of Nepal. The tree volume was calculated by using allometric equation with the help of height and diameter (non-destructive method). Herbs/grasses, shrubs and leaf litters biomass were estimated in laboratory by oven dry method and some conversion and unitary methods. Carbon stocks of vegetation as well as other category were estimated by considering default value as 0.43 of the total biomass. The total forest biomass was estimated 147.01 t/ha and 98.28 t/ha in Shorea robusta and Schima- Castanopsis dominated forests respectively. S. robusta dominated forest has occupied the carbon stocks of 63.22 t/ha, and out of this above ground carbon stock was 48.93 t/ha (77%) and below ground carbon stock was 14.29 t/ha (23%) followed by Schima-Castanopsis dominated forest having total carbon stock 42.26 t/ha, which contain in above ground 30.60 t/ha (72%) and in below ground 11.66 t/ha (28%). The total carbon content in S. robusta dominated forest including all categories was 20 % higher as compared to the Schima-Castanopsis forest. Kankali community forest was having higher tree density, dbh and height of trees as compared to Tibrekot community forest.
Carbon Sequestration in the soils under different land uses in Panchkula District of Haryana
Authors: Gupta M.K. , Sharma S. , Kumar Manoj
Published: March 2022

Changes in land use and vegetation cover affect various soil properties, including the soil organic carbon (SOC) store and the transfer of atmospheric CO2 to terrestrial landscapes. A study was conducted to estimate the organic carbon stock in the soils under five land uses viz. Forests, Plantations, Horticulture, Agroforestry and Agriculture in Panchkula district of Haryana. Higher SOC store i.e., 58.24 Mg ha-1 was estimated under Chir while miscellaneous forests were having 53.99 Mg ha-1. SOC store under Chir forest was 7.87 % higher as compared to the SOC store under miscellaneous forests. Under plantation land use, maximum SOC stock was under Eucalyptus (41.10 Mg t ha-1) followed by Teak (39.19 Mg ha-1), Khair (35.81 Mg ha-1), Poplar (31.98 Mg ha-1) while minimum SOC store was under Shisham (30.05 Mg ha-1). Under horticulture land use, maximum SOC stock was under Guava (46.41 Mg ha-1) followed by Aonla (45.62 Mg ha-1) while under Mango it was 41.64 Mg ha-1. Under Agroforestry land use there was Rice – Poplar model was available and SOC store was observed 37.70 Mg t ha-1. In agriculture land use SOC store was 33.97 Mg ha-1 in the district. In Panchkula district, maximum SOC stock was under forests (55.17 Mg ha-1) followed by Horticulture (45.49 Mg t ha-1), Agroforestry (37.70 Mg ha-1), Plantations (37.14 Mg ha-1) and the least was under Agriculture (33.97 Mg ha-1). When SOC store under different land uses were tested by one - way ANOVA, it was found that SOC store under all land uses were significantly different (Variance ratio, F = 11.762; p = < 0.05). SOC store under forests was statistically significantly different with the SOC store under horticulture, plantation and agriculture. SOC store under horticulture was significantly different from the SOC store under plantation and agriculture.