bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activation of the JNK/COX-2/HIF-1α axis promotes M1 macrophage via glycolytic shift in HIV-1 infection
Authors: Zhang Junhan , Yuan Zongxiang , Li Xuanrong , Wang Fengyi , Wei Xueqin , Kang Yiwen , Mo Chuye , Jiang Junjun , Liang Hao , Ye Li
Published: October 2023

Chronic inflammation is recognized as a major risk factor for the severity of HIV infection. Whether metabolism reprogramming of macrophages caused by HIV-1 is related to chronic inflammatory activation, especially M1 polarization of macrophages, is inconclusive. Here, we show that HIV-1 infection induces M1 polarization and enhanced glycolysis in macrophages. Blockade of glycolysis inhibits M1 polarization of macrophages, indicating that HIV-1–induced M1 polarization is supported by enhanced glycolysis. Moreover, we find that this immunometabolic adaptation is dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a strong inducer of glycolysis. HIF-1α–target genes, including HK2, PDK1, and LDHA, are also involved in this process. Further research discovers that COX-2 regulates HIF-1α–dependent glycolysis. However, the elevated expression of COX-2, enhanced glycolysis, and M1 polarization of macrophages could be reversed by inactivation of JNK in the context of HIV-1 infection. Our study mechanistically elucidates that the JNK/COX-2/HIF-1α axis is activated to strengthen glycolysis, thereby promoting M1 polarization in macrophages in HIV-1 infection, providing a new idea for resolving chronic inflammation in clinical AIDS patients.
Occurrence and pathways of microplastics, quantification protocol and adverse
effects of microplastics towards freshwater and seawater biota
Authors: Yahya H. , Karim S.N. , Yahaya N. , Syed Abd Halim S.A.S. , Zanuari F.I. , Yahya H.N>
Published: October 2023

Plastic has become one of the major contributors to the world’s pollution. As it may
degrade into smaller particles known as microplastics (<5 mm), which has become a new
threat towards marine ecosystems. Due to their size, microplastics can easily enter the
food chain due to seafood consumption, entering the digestive system. Moreover,
microplastics also bring negative impact towards freshwater biota and sea life. Despite the
extensive studies on microplastic contamination in the marine environment, research on
microplastic in seafood and freshwater environments, specifically regarding ingestion and
effect of microplastics in aquatic organisms, freshwater biota as well as human health
along the supply chain are still scarce. Microplastic ingestion in aquatic animals causes
health hazards such as leaking gut, transferring pathogenic bacteria into the blood and
increasing toxic levels in the body. This scenario could potentially introduce similar
hazards to human health if consumed. This paper reviewed the sources, detection method,
allocation and adverse effects of microplastics contamination in seafood and freshwater
ecosystems. The focus of this review is on biota which includes samples of aquatic
animals as well as seawater samples from various sources including riverine (river),
lacustrine (lake) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) throughout the world. Since
microplastics are related to synthetic substances from waste, there is an alarming concern
regarding their physical and chemical compounds that might be present in the aquatic life
and food supply chain. Therefore, recommendations and improvements on future studies
of microplastic contamination in marine ecosystems regarding identification and
quantification protocol along with the study on microplastics towards the freshwater
organism also are addressed in this paper.
Hematological Side Effects Management of Paclitaxel - Carboplatin Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Aribowo Kornelis , Sari Wiwi Monica
Published: October 2023

Background:  Paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy can cause hema-tological disorders. This regiment's hematological side effects include anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Data showed this regiment side effect occurs with grade iii/iv toxicity anemia, grade III/IV anemia by 41%, neutropenia (78%), and thrombocytopenia (41%). This hema-tological disorder occurs in bone marrow-producing areas due to chemotherapy. Each hematological disorder requires separate interven-tion.Case Presentation: A 54-year-old woman was diagnosed with a progressive disease of left lung adenocarcinoma (Exon 21 mutation) with TKI and received paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy. The patient experienced side effects of anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Anemia was treated with PRC transfusion, neutropenia corrected with Filgrastim, and thrombocytopenia with platelet transfusion. Chemo-therapy was discontinued after five cycles because the Thrombo-cytopenia condition did not improve.Conclusion: Hematological parameters are essential in preparing for lung cancer chemotherapy. Uncorrectable hematological disorders lead to discontinuation of chemotherapy
Effects of The Combination of Seluang Fish (Rasbora spp.) and Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma Longifolia Jack) on Systemic Inflammation and Neurotransmitter in Stunting Model Rat (Rattus Novergicus)
Authors: Sanyoto Didik Dwi , Nur'amin Hendra , Triawanti Triawanti , Airlangga Dimas Ikhsan , Jangkang Gastin Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Background:  Stunting causes growth and development issues which are characterized by a systemic inflammatory response and neurotransmitter disorder. The South Kalimantan natural resources i.e. extracts of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) and seluang fish have the potential as a modified therapy for stunting management.Objective: To analyze the effect of Pasak Bumi and seluang fish administration in overcoming systemic inflammation and neurotransmitter disorders in the stunting rats model.Methods: Rats were divided into six group i.e Positive Control (KP): Stunting rats + placebo + standard feed; (P1): stunting rats + 70% EPB 15 mg/kg body weight (BW) + standard feed; (P2): Stunting rats + DHA 1 mg/kg BW + standard feed; (P3): Stunting rats + EPB 15 mg/kg BW + DHA 1 mg/kg BW + standard feed; (P4): Stunting rats + seluang fish; (P5): Stunting rats + EPB 15 mg/kg BW + seluang fish for 5 weeks; Parameters measured were levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and serotonin.Results: There were significant differences in levels of TNF-α (p = 0.000) and serotonin (p = 0.000).Conclusion: The administration of Pasak Bumi extract and seluang fish was able to inhibit systemic inflammation and neurotransmitter dysregulation.
Child assistance training: Effects of training on parents’ knowledge in children’s language and numeracy development
Authors: Anindhita Vidya , Novita Shally , Wijayanti Puspita Adhi Kusuma , Santoso Lutfianya Assyifa Budi , Syafitri Ajeng Nuranti , Batavee Hellen La , Tampubolon Aurelia Felisha Jerome
Published: October 2023

Preschool-age children show rapid development in various aspects of their development, including numeracy and language development. Various and appropriate stimulations are expected to optimize their development. Parents as the closest support system for preschool children have a very significant role, especially in helping children optimize their numeracy and language skills. Parents can play an optimal role if they understand children's numeracy and language development. In this community service program, parents are given training on "Optimizing the Learning Environment for Numeracy and Language in Preschool Children" which aims to increase parents' understanding of children's numeracy and language development and efforts to optimize it. The participants were 31 parents and Posyandu cadres in Jatimukti, Sumedang, West Java. Parents' understanding was measured through a pre-test questionnaire administered at the beginning of the training and a post-test questionnaire at the end of the training. The results showed a positive effect of the training on parents' understanding of children's numeracy and language development. Therefore, the results of this training recommend further trainings aimed at improving parents' understanding of language and numeracy development in preschool childrens.
Artistic interpretation of real traumatic events in Maria Ogneva’s play “Following the White Rabbit”
Authors: Kabilova E. S.
Published: October 2023

The article considers the documentary and fictional components of M. Ogneva’s play “Following the White Rabbit”, which raises the theme of the trauma experienced in the past. The play is based on real events related to the violent death of two teenage girls. In this play, the tragic event is taken out of the storyline and the attention is focused on the understanding of the tragedy by a female friend and the mothers of the girls. The article studies the techniques used by the author to create the fictional world of the play: allegory, allusion, a combination of real and fantasy elements, division and montage, work with documentary materials of a judicial practice, the “verbatim” technique, different types of discourse and different “points of view” to describe one and the same event. As a result of the analysis, we  conclude that the strategy used by the author is comparable to a fairy tale therapy (the method of psycho-correctional work): the therapeutic effect is achieved by pronouncing the traumatic experience in the presence of the audience, by the characters’ searches for various options for getting out of the spiritual crisis, by launching the process of continuous moral and ethical self-identification at the viewer’s level, i.e. by correlating the characters’ experience with their own destiny.
Dictionary of composites: new empirical data
Authors: Gabdreeva N. V. , Khabibrakhmanova A. R. , Kochurova S. V.
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the study of composites that have appeared in the Russian language in recent decades. The relevance of the research is due to the active process of replenishing in the class of composites, as well as a high interest in the study of their structure and semantics. We distinguish the binary structure of compound words (sometimes multicomponent) of varying degrees of solidity and offer four types of their classification. We also identify groups of composites by their thematic attribution.

The material under study represents complex lexical units not previously recorded in the dictionaries and provides new empirical data.

The material for the study was obtained from various sources: oral speech, fiction, advertising and journalistic texts, Internet resources - the article notes that the range of these words is genetically and structurally heterogeneous: today, the leading trend compared to the early period is the formation of a group of words in the Russian language according to a fixed analytical model: an attribute in the preposition plus a noun.

Foreign-language components easily form new words and have high activity, enter into free syntagmatic relations. Such a feature – the presence of analytical neoplasms – is a consequence of the general trend of the modern Russian language – the growth of analyticism.

The article notes that many complex words form combinations with a common component, thereby creating word-formation models, as well as single classes and word-formation fields.

The functional status, the degree of assimilation of components, the ability to enter into syntagmatic relations, as well as the frequency and other characteristics of the words considered here are not similar. The article notes that the process of borrowing, which has moved to various functional areas, as well as the formation of new complex words according to the models considered in the article, contribute to the development and expansion of the lexical composition in the modern Russian language.
“And weeps with Dostoevsky until morning…”: specifics of the writers’ reception of M. Bakhtin’s personality and ideas
Authors: Osovskiy O. E. , Dubrovskaya S. A.
Published: October 2023

The problem of the reception of M. Bakhtin’s personality and ideas seems to be one of the most important in today’s Bakhtin Studies. We focus on the writers’ reception among the various forms of Bakhtin reception. By Bakhtin literary reception they mean the presentation of Bakhtin’s image as a literary character, the participation of Bakhtin himself in the literary and cultural life of Nevel, Vitebsk, Leningrad, Saransk and Moscow, the facts of the thinker’s specific relations with representatives of the Russian literary community in different periods of his life. Special attention is paid to the presentation of M. Bakhtin’s image in the literary works of K. Vaginov (“Satyr Chorus”), A. Losev (“The Woman-Thinker”) and in the letters of B. Pasternak. The letters of K. Fedin (the 1960s and early 1970s), containing assessments of M. Bakhtin’s work and personality, have been introduced into the scientific literature for the  first time. We also analyze A. Beck’s attitude to Bakhtin’s works. The article concludes that the study of the writers’ reception of M. Bakhtin’s personality allows us to abandon a number of biographical myths and determine the real place of Bakhtin in the literary and intellectual life of the country in the 1920s and 1970s.
B. Ber and A. Sheller-Mikhailov: The history of a creative dialogue
Authors: Perepelkin I. M. , Perepelkin M. A.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the history of a creative dialogue between the poet and translator B. Ber and his literary patron A. Sheller-Mikhailov. The correspondence between the two writers, which began in 1895, continued until 1900 when the latter died. The surviving part of the epistolary genre (letters from A. Sheller-Mikhailov to B. Ber) contains about twenty documents; B. Ber’s response letters have not been found yet. Based on the analysis of their correspondence, the history of their acquaintance, the literary ties and cooperation between the two artists of the realistic and pre-modernist trends is restored, the main motives of their correspondence are revealed, which, on the one hand, is the evidence of the acquaintance and communication of representatives of different literary generations; on the other hand, it is a curious epistolary text that actualizes such meanings as “old” and “young”, “capital” and “province”, “craft” and “inspiration”. Particular attention is paid to literary masks and game strategies used by the addressee and the sender of the letters, framing the epistolary dialogue as an aesthetic phenomenon and an artistic act. The study of the creative dialogue between B. Ber and A. Sheller-Mikhailov is interesting as it enables to characterize each of the participants in the correspondence and to understand the nature of pre-modernist aesthetics, which was formed in the conditions of simultaneous assimilation and rejection of classical traditions.
Forms of representation of “the spirit of times” in “The tale of Simeon the Prince of Suzdal” by N. Polevoy
Authors: Ponomareva M. G.
Published: October 2023

Romantic historicism is defined by the combination of two basic ideas: the closedness of the historical past and the infinity of being. “The spirit of times” is a category characteristic of Romanticism, which determines the nature of text historicity. For N. Polevoy, it is significant to depict not only the material world, but also the ideological, mental level of comprehension of this world by the perceiving subject - the protagonist of the work (in the dialogues of the characters), as well as the “local flavor” of the characters’ images, largely based on the thinking forms characteristic of a certain time and society. The mental image of the world, formed by the man of the Middle Ages, presupposed the correlation of what was happening with biblical truths. Realizing the limitations of the characters’ idea of the true meaning of the events, the author makes them seek it in disputes. To create a “local flavor”, he also uses the forms of the characters’ names, which acquire a symbolic meaning in the context of the depicted events. All forms of representation of “the spirit of times”, used in the story, allow us to show the ambiguity, the incompleteness of the participants’ knowledge of the events happening around them. To this end, the narrator connects events belonging to the history of different peoples, showing that their participants cannot always even predict how they will interact over time. The “goal-setting” form of “the spirit of times” representation is an appeal to a chronicle source or a direct word of the narrator.
John Fowles’s diaries as a creative biography of the writer
Authors: Selitrina T. L.
Published: October 2023

J. Fowles’s diaries illustrate the emergence of the creative career of the prominent 20th-century English writer. In Russian science, there is an opinion that Fowles’s oeuvre belongs to postmodernism. However, Fowles persistently separated himself from postmodernism. A thorough study of his diaries testifies that with all the variety of themes and images and the abundance of the techniques of artistic representation of reality, the key issue of his works was the theme of the individual gaining self-awareness as a necessary condition for achieving freedom. His diaries can be considered as a compact documentary and fictional work, as a presentation of the principles of literary development and its continuity. Fowles’s diary is a peculiar confession of a young man, his creative pursuits and doubts of self–determination in society and life. In his aesthetic principles Fowles focuses on the classical tradition of literature in the 18th–19th centuries. Continuing the tradition of Rousseau, Fowles creates a model of a man who is characterized by the cult of emotions and nature. For Fowles, the world of art is the world of spirituality. Fowles’s diaries allow us to consider the attitude of the autobiographical protagonist to important phenomena of public life. In his diaries, special attention is paid to the topics of time, memory and nature. The diary of John Fowles describes the process of the person’s psychological formation with a real chronotope, with an analytical, informative and aesthetically rich word.
Factual basis of Colson Whitehead’s novels
Authors: Stulov Yu. V.
Published: October 2023

Twice Pulitzer Prize winner Colson Whitehead bases the plot of his novels on various facts of American reality found in documents and newspaper publications. By juxtaposing fact and fiction, he transforms them to create a new reality, rooted in the events of real life but acquiring a universal or metaphorical character that could be seen even in his early works. In “John Henry Days” (2001) the writer makes use of the legend of the famous black laborer John Henry, its reflection in the folklore and everyday life of the American South and attempts to up-sell it in today’s USA with the help of social networks. In the novel “The Underground Railroad”, written after Whitehead’s archival research and his study of slave narratives of the mid-19th century, the document is woven into the artistic structure of the text by using authentic announcements about runaway slaves. The novel “The Nickel Boys” was written under the influence of the information about the horrible findings discovered on the grounds of the so-called Arthur Dozier School, established in early 20th century for juvenile delinquents, telling the story of two black boys who got there in the 1960s. The writer incessantly explores the impact of racism on American society and social injustice making use of a historical novel elements, of alternative history, neo-slave narratives and satire in his descriptions of the contemporary US media.
“The Power of Darkness” by Leo Tolstoy on the Tatar stage
Authors: Khabutdinova M. M. , Bakirov M. Kh.
Published: October 2023

The article systematizes information from the history of Tatar translations of Leo Tolstoy’s dramaturgical works and their existence in the Tatar environment. We have two Tatar translations of the drama “The Power of Darkness”. The analysis is based on Rafkat Shageev’s translation, made a century after the creation of the work. The belated appeal of the Tatar theater to this work is due to the specifics of the Tatars’ mentality and their way of life. In the course of our comparative analysis of the “Dөm” (“The Power of Darkness”) script against the original of the work, we found that the scriptwriters Elizaveta Bondar and Evgenia Augustenyak significantly abridged the work, intensifying the metaphorical and symbolic aspect of its dramatic images. The duration of the performance at the Almetyevsk Theater is 1.5 hours. During the comparative analysis, we proved that the scriptwriters sought to demonstrate the imagery potential of the Tatar language and its rhythmic capabilities, which is why the stage canvas has acquired the operatic sound. The translator managed to convey not only the message and the general idea, but also the structure of the script. R. Shageev used literary techniques in such a way as to make the pronounced text produce on the reader an emotional effect which would be close to the original. This article is the first step forward on the way to understand the phenomenon of Rafkat Shageev’s translation strategy.
Teaching the Russian literary language to foreign master and postgraduate students within the special course “Modern Russian literature”: key problems and prospects
Authors: Panova O. B. , Marugina N. I.
Published: October 2023

The article puts insight into current issues of teaching the Russian literary language to foreign under-graduates and postgraduates, specializing in “Linguistics and Intercultural Communication”, in the course of studying “Modern Russian Literature”. We use a broad historical and cultural context to substantiate the fundamental role of Russian literature in the formation of world culture and the global literary canon, and highlight the great influence that such Russian classical writers as Pushkin, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Turgenev and Chekhov had on the development of foreign literature in the East and West. We observe and trace continuity in classical and modern literary eras and the best long-lasting spiritual, moral and linguistic traditions of the Russian people. We assume that the key problems the teacher should focus on are: Russian literature as a significant phenomenon of world culture, the development of classical traditions in the history of Russian literature at present, the dialogue among cultures and the translation of modern writers’ works into foreign languages, historical and philosophical problems in literature, and historical heritage of the Russian language. The article comprehensively studies the Russian language value dimensions and linguistic axiological directions. The data show the presence, stability and preservation of the fundamental values (life, love, truth, good, beauty, hope, grace, honour, etc.) in the Russian literary language. These values form the spiritual conceptual sphere in Russian culture and constitute its main moral foundations. Serious attention is paid to the aesthetics of the language. We show the aesthetic potential, artistic expressiveness and stylistic richness of the modern Russian literary language, based on the works of E. Vodolazkin, L. Ulitskaya, M. Shishkin, M. Kucherskaya, M. Stepnova, D. Rubina and others. We focus on the problem of preserving the Russian literary language and the high status of Russian in general, revealing complex realities of modern multinational and multicultural world. We recommend such modern masterpieces as “Laurel” by E. Vodolazkin, “The God of Rain” by M. Kucherskaya, “The Garden” by M. Stepnova, “The Writer” by M. Shishkin, “Yakov’s Staircase” by L. Ulitskaya as sources to improve literacy and general cultural competence of foreign students.
Russian literature in teaching Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Petrova S. M.
Published: October 2023

The promotion of the Russian language in the world is one of the main goals of the modern Russian education strategy. An important part of this problem is teaching Russian to foreigners in Russian universities. The current problem of modern Russian studies is the search for the most effective forms, methods and means of Russian language learning. Teaching Russian to foreigners should be built on an interdisciplinary basis. The most important component of teaching Russian to foreign students is literature. Turning to it, foreigners get acquainted with the history, culture and traditions of Russia from different eras. Russian literature is very popular in different countries. The works of Russian writers are studied in schools and universities in China.

The article presents the authorial method of teaching the Russian language to Chinese bachelors and masters based on a graphical and symbolic analysis of Russian literature. Our methodology uses the practice-oriented traditions of semiotics, mnemonics and ergonomics. When studying Ivan Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow”, we focus on the features of its analysis in the Chinese audience. This lesson is preceded by a historical-literary and cultural commentary of the teacher who uses various multimedia tools. An integral part of our methodology is the creation of an adapted educational text with marked stresses, vocabulary work and various types of retelling, grammar tasks and a graphic drawing of the analyzed text. With this approach to the educational process, foreign students develop visual memory, better understand Russian grammar and improve oral coherent speech, which contributes to a deeper and more meaningful interest in the Russian language. The use of modern technologies, while working on a literary text, helps foreign students to better understand the national flavor of Russian literature. The study has led to the need to implement new approaches to teaching the Russian language to Chinese students at the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov.
Possibilities of regular word-formation in the poetry of Joseph Brodsky (based on the poems of the 1960s–1970s)
Authors: Dmitrieva T. V.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to regular word-formation in the fictional practice. The purpose of the work is to reveal the possibilities of the regular word-formation system based on the poetry of Joseph Brodsky. Within the framework of this study, we consider the concept of “productivity” and the approaches to differentiation between word-formation type and word-formation model definitions. We have formulated the meaning of the term “a word-formation category”. The article studies the structural and semantic aspects of regular derivatives: using the method of word-formation analysis, we have identified productive word-formation types for different parts of speech, actual categorical meanings and frequency morphemes. The article identifies stylistic features of specific morphemes and analyses the combination of different-style derivatives when the image and function of lexemes that implement different word-building types are created. In the corpus of regular derivatives, we reveal the productivity of “color” paradigms, which emphasizes their semantic importance for the poetic imagery of Joseph Brodsky. In the course of our study, we noted derivational lexemes of a different order – potential and occasional. Their basis is the usual system of language, which confirms the high potential of regular word formation for a poetic text. The article concludes that regular derivatives play an important role in constructing poetic imagery.
Lexico-thematic groups of non-equivalent vocabulary in Russian translations (against the background of Chinese prototypes)
Authors: Wang Yu. , He Yu.
Published: October 2023

This article is centered on the study and description of the ways of identification and designation of the surrounding reality phenomena in two cultures - Russian and Chinese. Special attention is paid to the significance of the national-cultural specificity of the word. The article considers both general issues of ethno-cultural phenomena nomination and its specific cases, namely, the functioning of non-equivalent vocabulary and ways of its translation from Chinese into Russian. It also gives a brief overview of the distribution dynamics in modern Chinese prose and the problems of studying Yu Hua’s work in Russia. The aim of the article is to reveal the importance of translations of modern Chinese fiction as sources of studying non-equivalent vocabulary and translation strategies when working on characteristic word-markers of Chinese culture used in the novel “To Live” by the outstanding modern Chinese writer Yu Hua. The  study is based on the translation of the novel in question, made by the Russian scholar R. G. Shapiro. The article determines thematic groups of non-equivalent vocabulary in the novel “To Live” (word-designations of new Chinese life, ethnographisms, historicisms, background and connotative words) and the main translation methods of their transfer (borrowing, description, hyperonyms, etc.). Special attention is paid to approximate or inappropriate translations in the text, due to the translator’s ignorance of the semantics of non-equivalent words, which ultimately leads to an imperfect understanding of Chinese culture.
In their language it was called “night operation”: the reflection on language in the memories of N. Mandelshtam
Authors: Semenova A. A.
Published: October 2023

The memoirs of N. Mandelstam are well known to a wide range of readers, but the attention of researchers to these texts is often due to the interest directed at the personality and work of O. Mandelstam. Literary critics actively use “Memoirs”, “The Second Book”, and “About Akhmatova”, but linguistic studies practically do not touch on her extensive memoirs. The article considers aspects of the author’s reflection on the language in the memoirs of N. Mandelstam. Particular attention is paid to the explication and analysis of the key oppositions “we – they”, “ours – theirs”, implemented by various linguistic  means, as well as the reflexive activity of the memoirist, which is addressed, among other things, to the characteristic features of the language of different social groups. The genre affiliation of the analyzed material allows us to touch upon the problem of self-identification and self-presentation, which are ambiguously manifested in the text due to the addressing specifics of N. Mandelstam’s ego-document. The article also analyzes a number of characteristic features inherent in the so-called “female” writing.
Russian borrowings in the Tatar dialects: function and adaptation features
Authors: Yusupov A. F.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the borrowed Russian-language words in the vocabulary of the Tatar dialects, identifies the function features of Russianisms in the local dialects and describes the mechanisms of the borrowed vocabulary adaptation at the phonetic level.

The relevance of the work is the need to study Russian borrowings in the functional and semantic aspects. The purpose of the research is to study the functional features of Russian borrowings in the Tatar dialects. The scientific novelty is to disclose the functional potential of the Tatar dialectal vocabulary category under consideration.

The study is based on the “Dialectological Dictionary of the Tatar Language” (1993, 2009). As a result of the study, the article argues that the presence of such a large number of lexemes indicates the important role of Russianisms in the worldview of the people and, consequently, in their lifestyle, culture and language.

The article concludes that Arab-Persian borrowings prevail most in the accents of the middle dialect, and Russianisms are primarily recorded in the accents of the Western dialect and in the dialects of the Siberian Tatars. We have found that Russian borrowings in the process of phonetic development undergo a strong phonetic adaptation to the orthoepic norms of the Tatar language, which is due to the difference between the languages in contact at all levels of the language structure, including the system of vocalism and at the consonant level.
Marina Tsvetayeva’s influence on Ilsiyar Iksanova’s poetry
Authors: Gabdullina G. R.
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes philosophical and romantic motifs in the poetry of Marina Tsvetaeva and Ilsiyar Iksanova. The poetry of Ilsiyar Iksanova, a representative of the romantic trend in modern Tatar poetry, is an understudied topic today. The purpose of our study is to identify the originality of philosophical motifs and symbols in I. Iksanova’s works against the background of the work by M. Tsvetaeva. In her early lyrical poetry, referring to the work by the Russian poetess Marina Tsvetaeva, Ilsiyar Iksanova determined the vector of her poetry. The article analyzes the intimate lyrical works by the modern Tatar poetess, revealing the features of the existential picture of the world in the work of M. Tsvetaeva and I. Iksanova. Scientific research indicates that the existential concept of the world is recreated in the works of I. Iksanova through the motifs of fate, love, death and loneliness. The conclusion is made about the influence of M. Tsvetaeva’s creative work on I. Iksanov’s poetry. These existential motifs in the works of the poetesses, belonging to different literatures and periods, are consonant, but not identical. In M. Tsvetaeva’s work, loneliness is an opportunity to get to know oneself. I. Iksanova, purposefully using existential motifs, comes to a refutation of loneliness and death, her lyrical heroine comes to the knowledge of the truth through love and humility. Philosophical motifs in the work of the poetesses have tied Russian and Tatar poetry of different periods together.
The synthesis of documentary and fictional codes in the story “Superpowers by inheritance: My Soviet Grandfathers” by O. Kolpakova
Authors: Gaponova Zh. K.
Published: October 2023

The article studies the mechanisms of interaction between documentary and fictional codes in O. Kolpakova’s work “Superpowers by Inheritance: My Soviet Grandfathers”, considered here as a translator of intergenerational ties. The author focuses on establishing the place of the family in the history of  the country in different eras, which correlates with the purpose of our study – to determine the nature of the connection between non-fiction and fiction, past and present, which are presented in the story both in a dialogic unity and in opposition. The article concludes that the complex narrative organization of the work reflects the authorial concept of family history, allowing her not only to introduce the reader to the cultural and historical realities of a particular era, which is facilitated by the popular science commentary inserts by Ivan Privalov, but also to transmit the cultural codes that form the identity of the Russians (family, historical memory, respect for elders, love for one’s country and our homeland). The analysis shows that the dialectical relation between non-fiction and fiction is realized through the motif of “stories”, the conversation with the elder relatives is organized in accordance with the narrative models of Soviet literature, which makes an organic synthesis of non-fiction and fiction possible and does not presuppose a linear unfolding of the narrative. The article analyzes the ways of representation of the documentary in the story. The superpower motif, in the author’s opinion, enables her to reach the level of mythopoetic modelling of the national cultural code, which represents traditional values in the formulas that are topical for modern teenagers.
Perspectives of the Use of ChatGPT as a Tool for Online Education of English
Authors: Pokotylo Pavlo
Published: October 2023

Online education has become increasingly popular over the years, especially in Ukraine. It is determined by set of factors connected with COVID pandemic situation and war that caused disruptions to the traditional classroom settings. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been implemented for language teaching through chatbots, as well as language models like Google's BERT and OpenAI’s GPT, which can generate text based on different informational background. With the rapid grows of the remote learning and online education, it is essential that educational institutions start to use innovative technologies such as ChatGPT to enrich students learning experience. Globalization process and democratic changes in Ukraine have a great impact on the education. Ukraine as fast grooving and developing democratic European country catches up with the European system of education. ChatGPT can be considered as controversial educational tool. This research defines terms chatbot, AI, ChatGPT, online education, distance learning. It is to give some of current results as well as possible perspectives of use of ChatGPT as modern tool for online Education in the sphere of English language. ChatGPT can make online-education more productive for both lecturers and students. ChatGPT can be used for personalized content regarding any criteria that could be insert to modify its settings, with guidance and real time interaction. At the same time use of ChatGPT for online education with students without proper level of English or without their teacher support can lead to negative consequences. Ukraine can take all of the best from European online educational experience and even improve distance learning on the national background. Use of the advanced technologies makes remote learning possible
State compliance with decisions of the African Court: the case of Alfred Agbesi Woyome v Ghana
Authors: Morhe Renee Aku Sitsofe , Mensah Richard Obeng
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT:

Ghana is a state party to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the Protocol thereto on the Establishment of an African Court. In the case of Alfred Agbesi Woyome v Ghana, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights ruled that Ghana should stay execution of a judgment debt against the applicant until the final determination of the substantive case before the African Court on its merits. The Ghanaian Supreme Court disregarded this ruling and ordered that Ghana should continue the process of identifying and attaching assets owned by the applicant to defray the judgment debt. In analysing the Ghanaian Court’s decision, this case commentary finds that the lack of compliance with the orders of the African Court negatively affects respect accorded to this regional judicial institution.

 

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANCAIS:

L’exécution des décisions de la Cour africaine par les Etats: cas de l’affaire Alfred Agbesi Woyome c. Ghana

RÉSUMÉ:

Le Ghana est un État partie à la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples et a reconnu la compétence de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples. Dans l’affaire Alfred Agbesi Woyome c. Ghana, la Cour africaine a décidé que le Ghana devait surseoir à l’exécution d’un arrêt condamnant le requérant à rembourser une dette jusqu’à ce qu’elle juge l’affaire portée devant elle au fond. La Cour suprême du Ghana a ignoré la décision de la Cour africaine et a ordonné que le Ghana poursuive le processus d’identification et de saisie des actifs appartenant au demandeur afin de rembourser la dette. En analysant la décision de la juridiction ghanéenne, cette contribution constate que le non-respect des ordonnances de la Cour africaine affecte négativement le respect accordé à cette institution judiciaire régionale.
L’affaire Armand Guehi c. Tanzanie et la question du droit à l’assistance consulaire: l’intrusion d’une nouvelle préoccupation dans le corpus juridique des droits de l’homme en Afrique
Authors: Oulepo Nemlin Hie Arnaud
Published: October 2023

RÉSUMÉ:

Le 7 décembre 2018, la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples rendait son arrêt dans l’affaire Armand Guehi c. Tanzanie. L’affaire Guehi donnera l’occasion à la Cour de connaitre d’un nouveau grief, et par la même occasion d’expérimenter pour la première fois un mécanisme procédural prévu par son Protocole. En effet la Cour sera confrontée à la question de la violation du droit à l’assistance consulaire prévu par l’article 36 de la Convention de Vienne sur les Relations Consulaires. Ce commentaire argue que l’interprétation peu développée, fournie par la Cour, tend à confondre assistance judiciaire et assistance consulaire. Ce faisant elle s’éloigne de la jurisprudence constante de la Cour Internationale de Justice en la matière et compromet la prise en compte du droit d’assistance consulaire dans le corpus juridique des droits de l’homme en Afrique. Par ailleurs en ayant eu recours au mécanisme de l’intervention dans la présente instance, la République de Côte-d’Ivoire remet en avant la volonté certes timide mais nécessaire des Etats africains de protéger les intérêts de leurs ressortissants. L’auteur propose un aperçu historique de la question de l’assistance consulaire avant de pointer les failles de l’interprétation donnée par la Cour d’Arusha.

 

TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH:

The Armand Guehi v Tanzania case and the issue of the right to consular assistance: the introduction of a new concern into African human rights law

ABSTRACT:

On 7 December 2018, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights delivered its ruling in Armand Guehi v Tanzania. The Guehi case gave the opportunity to the Court to deal with a right and a procedural mechanism which have not been raised before it in the past. The Court dealt with the violation of the right to consular assistance provided for under article 36 of Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. This case commentary argues that the interpretation provided by the Court was wrong because its interpretation conflated judicial assistance and the right to consular assistance. Such an interpretation departs from the position constantly adopted by the International Court of Justice regarding the right to consular assistance. This right may thus be considered as not forming part of the African human rights corpus. Further, the intervention of Côte d’Ivoire in the proceedings demonstrates the willingness by African countries to stand by their citizens before international courts. The case commentary begins by briefly providing the historical background of the right to consular assistance before discussing weaknesses of the Court’s interpretative approach.
Towards a more effective and coordinated response by the African Union on children’s privacy online in Africa
Authors: Sibanda Opal Masocha
Published: October 2023

The development and expansion of digital technologies in Africa have brought invaluable opportunities for the realisation of children’s rights. However, the significant growth of internet connectivity and ICT access has also raised concerns about children’s online safety and privacy. With growing concerns on children’s privacy and personal data protection, there is a need for robust harmonised standards and regulatory frameworks to address all aspects of children’s privacy online. Through desk review, this article assesses the extent to which children’s right to privacy online and personal data is protected and integrated in the standards and regulatory frameworks of the African Union. An assessment of the applicable instruments and jurisprudence of the key human rights bodies indicates that children’s privacy online and data protection are not adequately addressed as there is limited or no focus on the protection of children’s personal data online. In most instruments related to cybersecurity, there are no explicit provisions relating to the protection of children’s personal data and childrenare only mentioned in provisions on child pornography. The article argues that children deserve specific protection as a vulnerable group hence the urgent need to explicitly protect children’s personal data and privacy in the human rights instruments adopted at the African Union level as it is the approach in the European Union’s General Data Protection. The article further argues that there is a need to adopt more effective measures by the African Union and its organs to ensure that children’s privacy in all its aspects is protected in the digital sphere.
Exploring the association between alpha hemolytic streptococcal infection and intensive treatment outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia.
Authors: Sadaf Nasir  , Ayesha Noor  , Uzma Ali  , Amna Khalid  , Namra Yunus  , Saadia Anwar
Published: October 2023

Objective: To assess the prevalence of alpha hemolytic streptococcal (AHS) infections and related risk factors in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing consistent treatment. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Jinnah Teaching Hospital and DHQ Charsadda undergoing treatment from Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: June 2022 to February 2023. Material & Methods: AML patients were recruited and algorithmically followed for AHS infections. Core symptoms, diagnostic workups, differential diagnoses, and relevant treatments were assessed in this manner. Results: AHS caused 22% of bacteremic infections in 22% of patients, mostly by blood transmission (87%). After treatment, 32% recurred. AHS had a 60% mortality rate (P < 0.002). Age, precise induction timing, and high-dose cytarabine significantly enhanced AHS incidence (OR 2.0, 1.8–1.9, and 3.8, respectively). AHS infections increased hospital stays (P < 0.0002) and decreased long-term survival (OR 2.8; P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (OR 2.1; P 0.008) in bone marrow transplant patients. Conclusion: The first prospective study investigating AHS frequency in consistently treated individuals revealed increased rates with intensified AML therapy. AHS bacteremia is particularly likely in adults with prior cases and high-dose cytarabine usage.
Functional independence among a geriatric population in Karachi, Pakistan: A cross sectional study.
Authors: Maaha Usmani  , Rabeeya Saeed  , Faridah Amin  , Noureen Durrani  , Muhammad Kashan Zaheer  , Areeba Mateen  , Fatima Shakeel  , Sateesh Kumar
Published: October 2023

Objective: To find out the frequency and associated factors of impaired IADLs (instrumental activities of daily living) among the geriatric population of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Family Medicine and Outreach Centres, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. Period: Dec 2020 to Dec 2021. Material & Methods: A total of 200 participants of either gender aged above 60 years were included. At the time of data collection, demographic information was noted along with impairment in specific IADLs and associated factors. Results: Total 200 participants were included in the study. Median age and body mass index was 70 (IQR= 65-73) years and 24.8 (IQR= 21.8-27.8) Kg/m2. Majority of study participants considered that their health status is better (n=92, 46%) whereas some considered it as not as good (n=33, 16.5%) and good (n=55, 27.5%). Few had no idea about their health status (n=20, 10%). The enrolled participants had comorbidity of hypertension (n=78, 39%), diabetes (n=53, 26.5%), ischemic heart diseases (n=10, 5%) and hypothyroid (n=15, 7.5%). Overall 85 (42.5%) study participants were found to be dependent with median IADL score of 6 (IQR= 4-7). Conclusion: Quite a significant proportion of the study participants were found to be dependent. Advancing age, gender predisposition, perceived weight loss and psychological distress were found to be associated with impairment in instrumental activities of daily living.