bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Results of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Surgery: What is Success?
Authors: Searle Henry Kelvin Christopher , Asopa Vipin , Coleman Simon , McDermott Ian
Published: January 2020

Background : Meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) may improve symptoms and function, and limit premature knee degeneration in patients under 50 years with symptomatic meniscal loss. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine patient outcomes after MAT and to explore the potential definitions of ‘success' or ‘failure’. Methods : 60 patients who underwent MAT between 2008-2014, aged 18-50 were identified. Six validated outcome measures for knee pathologies, patient satisfaction and return to sport were incorporated into a questionnaire. Surgical failure (removal of most/all the graft, revision MAT or conversion to arthroplasty), clinical failure (Lysholm <65), complication rates (surgical failure plus repeat arthroscopy for secondary allograft tears) and whether patients would have the procedure again were recorded. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, with patient-reported outcome measures reported as median and range. A binomial logistic regression was performed to assess factors contributing to failure. Results : 43 patients (72%) responded, mean age 35.6 (±7.5). 72% required concomitant procedures, and 44% had Outerbridge III or IV chondral damage. The complication rate was 21% (9). At mean follow-up of 3 (±1.9) years, 9% (4) were surgical failures and 21% (9) were clinical failures. Half of those patients considered a failure stated they would undergo MAT again. In the 74% (32) reporting they would undergo MAT again, median KOOS, IKDC and Lysholm scores were 82.1, 62.1 and 88, compared to 62.2, 48.5 and 64 in patients who said they would not. None of the risk factors significantly contributed to surgical or clinical failure, although female gender and number of concomitant procedures were nearly significant. Following MAT, 40% were dissatisfied with type/level of sport achieved, but only 14% would not consider MAT again. Conclusions: None of the risk factors examined were linked to surgical or clinical failure. Whilst less favourable outcomes are seen with Outerbridge Grade IV, these patients should not be excluded from potential MAT. Inability to return to sport is not associated with failure since 73% of these patients would undergo MAT again. The disparity between ‘clinical failure’ and ‘surgical failure’ means these terms may need re-defining using a bespoke MAT scoring system.
Process optimization and effect of thermal, alkaline, H2O2 Oxidation and combination pre-treatment of sewage sludge on solubilisation and anaerobic digestion
Authors: Siami Salar , Aminzadeh Behnoush , Karimi Razieh , Hallaji Seyed Mostafa
Published: January 2020

Background This study investigated the feasibility of enhancing anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with triple, dual, and individual pre-treatment of waste activated sludge with heat, alkalinity, and hydrogen peroxide. These pre-treatments disrupt sludge flocs, organisms’ cell walls, extracellular polymeric substance, and intracellular organic matter, which increase biodegradability and hydrolysis rate of organic matter. In addition, the influence of various variables on methane production was analyzed using the response surface methodology with the quadratic model. Eventually, an optimized temperature and chemical concentration for the highest methane production and lowest chemical usage is suggested.Results The highest amount of methane production was obtained from the sludge pretreated with triple pretreatment (heat (90°C), alkalinity (pH=12), and hydrogen peroxide (30 mg H2O2 /g TS)), which had better performance with 96% higher than that of the control sample with Temperature of 25°C approximately and alkalinity of pH=8. Response surface methodology with the quadratic model was also used for analyzing the influence of temperature, pH, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on anaerobic digestion efficiency. It was revealed that the optimized temperature, pH, and hydrogen peroxide concentration for maximizing methane production and solubilisation of organic matter and minimizing thermal energy and chemical additives of the pre-treatments are 83.2°C, pH=10.6 and 34.8 mg H2O2 /g TS, respectively, has the desirability of 0.67.Conclusion This study reveals that triple pre-treatment of waste activated sludge performs better than dual and individual pre-treatment, Respectively. The enhanced methane production can be used as an important renewable energy resource in wastewater treatment plants for producing electrical and thermal energy. Furthermore, exploiting a higher amount of methane in the anaerobic digestion stage decreases methane emission to the atmosphere in dewatering and landfilling stages and enhances the quality of digested sludge, bringing about environmentally friendly and economically attractive sewage sludge treatment process.
Lufenuron can be transferred by gravid Aedes aegypti females to breeding sites and can affect its fertility, fertility and blood intake capacity
Authors: Gonzalez Paula V , Harburguer Laura
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti (L.) is the main vector of dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya viruses. A new method for controlling this mosquito has been developed based on the possibility that wild adult mosquitoes exposed to artificial resting sites contaminated with a larvicide, can disseminate it to larval breeding sites, is named ‘‘autodissemination’’. The present study was undertaken to evaluate if a chitin synthesis inhibitor like lufenuron can by disseminated to larval breeding sites and prevent adult emergence and also if forced contact of Ae. aegypti females with treated surfaces can affect its fertility, fecundity and blood in take capaity.METHODSLarval susceptibility to lufenuron was measured through EI50 and EI90. On the other hand gravid females were exposed by tarsal contact to lufenuron-treated papers, we used the WHO susceptibility test kit tube to line the papers, and 1, 3 or 5 females for the transference. We also evaluate if the exposure of mosquito females to lufenuron-treated papers (0.4 and 1 mg a.i./cm 2 ) has an effect on their fecundity, fertility or in the ability to feed on blood. In each assay 12-15 mosquito females were exposed to lufenuron for 1 hour; 24 h before (before blood meal - BBM) or 24 h after a blood meal (ABM).RESULTSLufenuron proved to be very active against Ae. aegypti larvae with an EI 50 of 0.164 ppb and EI 95 of 1.26 ppb. We also found that lufenuron can be transferred by females from treated surfaces to clean containers causing the inhibition of emergence of the larvae (between 30 and 50%). This effect was dependent on the concentration applied on the paper and also the number of females added to each cage.CONCLUSIONSThis paper introduces an innovation by first exploring the possibility that an IGR belonging to the group of benzoylphenyl ureas, such as lufenuron, can be transferred by gravid females to breeding sites and that at the same time can have an effect on fertility, fertility and blood intake capacity of adult mosquitoes.
Evidence on mental health policy gaps in South East Asia: A systematic review of South East Asian countries with special focus on Myanmar
Authors: Krishnan Anil Kumar Indira , N Parvathy , Mohan Rajeev , Stein Claire , Sandar Win Pa
Published: January 2020

Background: The authors synthesised the findings of current and available policies on mental health in the South-East Asian region, primarily focusing and aiming at providing evidence and guidance for framing the mental health policy for Myanmar. Methodology: The research questions were framed using Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study Design (PICOS) framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used for study selection. A comprehensive literature search of different electronic databases such as Medline, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews and Google Scholar was carried out in order to identify relevant studies. Results: The main findings indicate that very few countries in the South East Asian region currently have a National Policy on mental health, and those that do have encounter several barriers in rolling out these policies. Little importance and efforts have been made to address mental health disorders, making the burden even more difficult to address. Myanmar is considerably behind other countries in the South East Asian region and is in need for developing a national policy and guidelines targeting mental health disorders. Conclusions: In order to address the mental health burden in the country, increased advocacy and evidence-based policy recommendations for integrating mental health services into national health guidelines and policy plans is necessary. Keywords: Systematic review, South-east Asia Region, Mental health, Myanmar, national policy, evidence
NDRG2 gene expression pattern in ovarian cancer and its specific roles in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and suppressing cancer cell apoptosis
Authors: Kang Fenhong , Wang Yanlong , Luo Yaping , Zhang Yongjun
Published: January 2020

Background The cancer cell metastasis and the acquisition of chemotherapy resistance remain huge challenge for ovarian cancer treatment. Previously, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) serves as a tumor suppressor for many cancers. Here, we attempted to investigate the specific roles of NDRG2 in ovarian cancer.Methods The expression levels of NDRG2 were detected by qRT-PCR or Immunoblotting assay. CCK-8 assay was employed to examine the cell viability of ovarian cancer cells. The colony formation ability was determined by colony formation assay. Flow cytometry analyses were performed to detect the cell apoptosis and cell cycle.Results Herein, we revealed that NDRG2 mRNA expression and protein levels were downregulated within both ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. The overexpression of NDRG2 dramatically inhibited the cell viability and colony formation, whereas promoted the cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase within ovarian cancer cells. More importantly, NDRG2 overexpression significantly enhanced the suppressive roles of cisplatin (DDP) in ovarian cancer cell viability. On the contrary, NDRG2 silence exerted opposing effects on ovarian cancer cells.Conclusions In summary, we provide a solid experimental basis demonstrating the tumor-suppressive effects of NDRG2 in inhibiting the cell proliferation, enhancing the cell apoptosis, eliciting the cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, and promoting the suppressive effects of DDP on the viability of ovarian cancer cells. NDRG2 administration presents a potent adjuvant treatment for ovarian cancer therapy, which needs further in vivo and clinical investigation.
Mechanisms affecting the implementation of a national antimicrobial stewardship programme; multi-professional perspectives explained using Normalisation Process Theory
Authors: Currie Kay , Laidlaw Rebecca , Ness Valerie , Gozdzielewska Lucyna , Malcom William , Sneddon Jacqueline , Seaton Ronald Andrew , Flowers Paul
Published: January 2020

Background Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) describes activities concerned with safe-guarding antibiotics for the future, reducing drivers for the major global public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), whereby antibiotics are less effective in preventing and treating infections. Appropriate antibiotic prescribing is central to AMS. Whilst previous studies have explored the effectiveness of specific AMS interventions, largely from uni-professional perspectives, our literature search could not find any existing evidence evaluating the processes of implementing an integrated national AMS programme from multi-professional perspectives.Methods This study sought to explain mechanisms affecting the implementation of a national antimicrobial stewardship programme, from multi-professional perspectives. Data collection involved in-depth qualitative telephone interviews with 27 implementation lead clinicians from 14/15 Scottish Health Boards and 15 focus groups with doctors, nurses and clinical pharmacists (n=72) from five Health Boards, purposively selected for reported prescribing variation. Data was first thematically analysed, barriers and enablers were then categorised, and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) was used as an interpretive lens to explain mechanisms affecting the implementation process. Analysis addressed the NPT questions ‘ which group of actors have which problems , in which domains, and what sort of problems impact on the normalisation of AMS into everyday hospital practice’ .Results Results indicated that major barriers relate to organisational context and resource availability. AMS had coherence for implementation leads and prescribing doctors; less so for consultants and nurses who may not access training. Conflicting priorities made obtaining buy-in from some consultants difficult; limited role perceptions meant few nurses or clinical pharmacists engaged with AMS. Collective individual and team action to implement AMS could be constrained by lack of medical continuity and hierarchical relationships. Reflexive monitoring based on audit results was limited by the capacity of AMS Leads to provide direct feedback to practitioners.Conclusions This study provides original evidence of barriers and enablers to the implementation of a national AMS programme, from multi-professional, multi-organisational perspectives. The use of a robust theoretical framework (NPT) added methodological rigour to the findings. Our results are of international significance to healthcare policy makers and practitioners seeking to strengthen the sustainable implementation of hospital AMS programmes in comparable contexts.
Profiling the urinary microbiome in men with calcium-based kidney stones
Authors: Xie Jing , Huang Jian-sheng , Huang Xiang-jiang , Peng Jun-ming , Yu Zhou , Yuan Ye-qing , Xiao Ke-feng , Guo Ji-nan
Published: January 2020

Background The dogma that urine is sterile in healthy individuals has been overturned by recent studies applying molecular-based methods. Mounting evidences indicate that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota is associated with several urological diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the urinary microbiome of patients with calcium-based kidney stones and compare it with those of healthy individuals.Method We collected bladder urine samples from 22 adult male patients with calcium-based kidney stones and 21 age-matched healthy controls by transurethral catheterization. For kidney stone patients, paired renal pelvis urine was also collected via ureteral catheter using aseptic technique. The V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced, and the urinary microbiota was analyzed by kidney stone status and specimen-type.Results The diversity of the urinary microbiota in kidney stone patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls based on the Shannon and Simpson index (P<0.001 for both indices). The urinary microbiota structure also significantly differed between kidney stone patients and healthy controls (ANOSIM, R = 0.11, P <0.001). Differential representation of inflammation associated bacteria (e.g., Acinetobacter ) and several enriched functional pathways were identified in the urine of kidney stones patients. Meanwhile, we found the species diversity, overall composition of microbiota and predicted functional pathways were similar between bladder urine and renal pelvis urine in kidney stone patients.Conclusion A marked dysbiosis of urinary microbiota in male patients with calcium-based kidney stones was observed, which may be helpful to interpret the association between bacteria and calcium-based kidney stones.
Safe driving behaviors in taxi drivers: A predictive cross-sectional study based on the health belief model
Authors: Dadipoor Sakineh , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Safari-Moradabadi Ali
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to predict safe driving behaviors in taxi drivers of Tehran based on the constructs of health belief model. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 450 taxi drivers in Tehran using multi-stage sampling. Data were analyzed through SPSS software version 18 using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis. The P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the constructs of health belief model, perceived severity, perceived benefits and self-efficacy, had significant and direct relationship and perceived barriers had a significant and reverse relationship with safe driving behaviors. According to the results, the constructs of health belief model predicted 17.3% of safe driving behaviors. Self-efficacy was the strongest determinant of safety behavior (0.362 CI 0.098-0.625). Conclusions:Increasing self-efficacy, reducing perceived barriers and highlighting benefits for the purpose of accepting safe behavior can be considered as a principle in driving education and training. Also, increasing the perceived severity of adverse outcomes of RTAs and the susceptibility to these outcomes will lead to higher levels of safe driving behaviors.
Association between Haemoglobin and Growth Hormone peak in Chinese Children and Adolescents with Short Stature: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Tian , Ban Bo , Zhang Mei , Ji Baolan , Sun Hailing , Sun Bing
Published: January 2020

Background: This research aimed to investigate the relationship between haemoglobin (Hb) and growth hormone (GH) peak in children and adolescents with short stature.Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 787 children and adolescents with short stature. Anthropometric and biochemical indicators were measured at baseline. All patients underwent GH provocation tests with L-dopa and insulin to assess GH peak levels.Results: The univariate analysis results showed that Hb was positively associated with GH peak (β 0.07, P=0.001). Furthermore, a non-linear relationship was detected between Hb and GH peak in multivariate piecewise linear regression analysis, and the breakpoint was 123 g/L. GH peak increased with Hb elevation when the Hb level was greater than 123 g/L (β 0.08, 95% CI 0.01, 0.14; P=0.0207). However, when the Hb level was lower than 123 g/L, there was no significant relationship between Hb and GH peak (β -0.12, 95% CI -0.30, -0.06; P = 0.1867).Conclusion: In children and adolescents with short stature, we found a non-linear association between Hb and GH peak. These findings suggest that clinicians should pay more attention to Hb levels in patients with short stature.
Prospective Randomized Study Evaluating the Usefulness of a Surgical Smoke Evacuation System in Operating Rooms
Authors: Tokuda Yutaka , Okamura Takuho , Maruta Miki , Orita Mutsuko , Noguchi Miyuki , Suzuki Toshiyasu , Matsuki Hideaki
Published: January 2020

Background No prospective evaluation of surgical smoke evacuation systems has yet been conducted anywhere in the world. A prospective randomized study was conducted to clarify the usefulness of a surgical smoke evacuation system in terms of reducing the quantity of environmental pollutants found in operating room air and reducing the occupational exposure of doctors and nurses involved in surgical procedures to surgical smoke, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, etc.Methods Operating room environment conditions with and without the use of a surgical smoke evacuation system were measured, and the personal exposure levels of doctors and nurses involved in surgical procedures were also surveyed. Use of the evacuation system was determined randomly, and the procedures involved were breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy, which were treated as stratification factors.Results The average total volatile organic compound concentration in the operating room was significantly lower when the evacuation system was used compared with when it was not used. The findings were similar for formaldehyde concentration. Multiple regression analysis for healthcare professionals’ personal exposure levels showed that the evacuation system was a factor that significantly impacted their formaldehyde and acetaldehyde personal exposure levels, which were greatly reduced by the use of the system.Conclusion This study’s findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the evacuation systems, which should increase awareness that their benefits take priority over the drawbacks.
Cone-beam Computed Tomography Investigation of Middle Mesial Canals and Isthmuses in Mandibular First Molars in a Chinese Population
Authors: Xu Shuaimei , Dao Junfeng , Liu Zhongjun , Zhang Zhiyong , Lu Yu , Zeng Xiongqun
Published: January 2020

Background: While there is ample research into the anatomy of mandibular molars, little is known regarding isthmuses and middle mesial (MM) canals in Chinese populations. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of MM canals and isthmuses in the mesial root of mandibular first molars using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. Methods: Cone-beam Computed Tomography images of 357 mature mandibular first molars were retrospectively analyzed. Presence of isthmuses and MM canals, and the length of isthmuses in the mesial root were recorded. Meanwhile, we also recorded possible correlated factors such as demographics, side of mandible, presence of separated distal-lingual roots. Results: Of these 357 teeth, 209 showed evidence of either complete or partial communication in the mesial root. Of these, 11(3.1%) exhibited true MM canals while 198(55.5%) exhibited isthmuses. Sex or side of mandible was not correlated with the prevalence of isthmuses (P> 0.05). However, there was a significant association between the presence of a distal-lingual root and the prevalence of such communication (P< 0.001). The average length of isthmuses was 4.3 ± 3.1mm. Conclusions: We detected high rate of isthmuses and low rate of MM canals in mesial roots of mandibular first molars, which is important as such areas should be identified and cleaned during root canal treatment.
Skilled Birth Attendant and Its Determinants among the Tribal Women of Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Abu Naser MD. Rezaul
Published: January 2020

Background:

The indigenous people are socially, linguistically, and scientifically diverse.
A global trend leads us to the notion that primitive women are somewhat less privileged than
non-tribal mothers around the world. This problem also sounds true in the context of Bangladesh. A
competent birth attendant at birth is the most important intervention for pregnant women. However,
the use of skilled birth attendants has been widely discriminated among tribal and non-tribal
women.

Objective:

This study assesses SBA acceptance and utilization barriers during childbirth among
Bangladesh tribal women.

Method:

A quantitative approach was employed, and the data were collected via questionnaires.
Descriptive statistics, Chi-square ( ) χ 2 tests and Binary Logistic Regression were used to analyze
the frequency, relationship, and to determine tribal women seeking the services of SBA during
childbirth.

Results:

The results showed that the highest prevalence of delivery (66%) among tribal women
occurred at home. 46% of the mothers gave birth to their children with the assistance of a skilled
birth attendant, of which 12% of them were at home, and 34% were in the hospital. The remaining
54% of mothers gave birth to their babies with the assistance of a traditional midwife. Results also
show that socio-economic conditions, education of women, distance from health care facilities,
family planning, husbands’ occupation, and media exposure are the key determinants in pursuing
SBA.

Conclusion:

The study revealed a low prevalence of utilizing skilled birth attendance among tribal
women of Bangladesh. Hence, upgrading socio-economic conditions and boosting the education
levels of tribal women, ensuring easy access to the media, and launching short-term training to train
typical birth attendants are the key recommendations for seeking expert birth attendants.
White Light Emission from Pr, Dy Doped ZnSiCa Glass
Authors: Yu Pingsheng , Guo Wei , Cheng Yilu , Su Liangbi , Xu Jun
Published: January 2020

Background::

Luminescence glass is a potential candidate for developing white light emitting
diode (W-LED) due to its good rare earth ion solubility, efficient luminescence, easy fabrication
and good mold ability. Pr3+ ion has various visible emission bands from blue to red spectral region,
and has attracted considerable attention for potential application to LEDs, ultraviolet laser, and scintillator.
The Dy3+ ions can exhibit emission in blue and greenish-yellow (4F9/2→6H15/2, 13/2 transitions of
Dy3+) spectral regions under excitation at near UV (ultraviolet). It is possible to obtain white luminescence
if Pr3+ ions and Dy3+ ions can be excited simultaneous, due to their multiple luminescence in the
visible region.

Methods:

The Pr, Dy doped ZnSiCa glass samples were prepared by the conventional melting quenching
procedure. The XRD, absorption spectra, emission spectra, and ICP-OES measurements were performed
to investigate the properties of the materials.

Results:

The Pr and Dy co-doped ZnSiCa glasses under 443 nm excitation show emission band peaking
at about 483 nm, 575 nm and 670 nm / 676 nm. The glass samples exhibit chromaticity coordinates
in the white light region in the CIE 1931 diagram, with a Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) at
about 7000 K.

Conclusion:

Pr, Dy codoped ZnSiCa glass samples show chromaticity coordinates in the white light
region in the CIE 1931 diagram, with a CCT at about 7000 K. It is suggested that the Pr, Dy codoped
ZnSiCa glasses might be considered as promising candidates for white light emitting sources.
АСПЕКТИ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ОСНОВ РЕАБІЛІТОЛОГІЇ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ «ФІЗИЧНА ТЕРАПІЯ. ЕРГОТЕРАПІЯ» НА КАФЕДРІ ОНКОЛОГІЇ В РУСЛІ ОБОВЯЗКОВОГО ЕТАПУ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ХВОРИХ З ЗЛОЯКІСНОЮ ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ МОЛОЧНИХ ЗАЛОЗ.
Authors: Андріїв А. В. , Терен Т. І.
Published: January 2020

Резюме. У представленій статті розглядається реабілітація в онкологічній практиці, що характеризується комплексом медичних, психологічних професійних і юридичних заходів з відновлення автономності, працездатності та здоров'я пацієнтів з обмеженими фізичними можливостями після проведення спеціального радикального чи паліативного лікування при злоякісних пухлинах молочної залози. Захворюваність жінок на рак молочної залози зростає і займає перше місце серед жіночих онкозахворювань. Підхід до комплексного лікування даної патології, згідно міжнародних стандартів, входять рекомендації та консультації мультидисциплінарної команди, в котру входять лікар фізичної реабілітаційної медицини, фізичний терапевт, ерготерапевт. Незважаючи на розвиток сучасної медицини, хірургічних методів лікування, післяопераційні ускладнення посідають близько 20%. Повернення до повноцінної праці людей, які повністю або ж значною мірою втратили працездатність через хворобу чи травму, пов'язано з чималою економією коштів, що відшкодовує держава на соціальне забезпечення. Завданнями реабілітації в роботі з хворими після комплексного лікування на рак молочної залози є дотримання етапів фізичної та психологічної реабілітації. Основним акцентом для студентів є розуміння основних задач обох складових реабілітації.

Спеціальне лікування, яке включає хірургічне, променеве втручання, хіміотерапію або їх комбінацію, як правило, призводить до ускладнень та необхідності фізичного відновлення організму. Щоб їх усунути, застосовують спеціальні комплекси лікувальної фізкультури. Сучасна підготовка фізичних терапевтів та ерготерапевтів вимагає переходу від інформаційно-пояснювального навчання до такого, яке забезпечить вільну пошукову діяльність студента та опанування практичних навичок.
ЗМІНИ СТРУКТУРИ ТА МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО СКЛАДУ ЗУБОАЛЬВЕОЛЯРНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ У ЩУРІВ ІЗ КОМБІНОВАНОЮ ЕНДОКРИНОПАТІЄЮ
Authors: Гуранич С. П. , Багрій М. М. , Воронич-Семченко Н. М.
Published: January 2020

Резюме. За умов комбінованої ендокринної патології виникають системні метаболічні розлади, що є причиною структурно-функціональних змін органів ротової порожнини. Тому мета дослідження - вивчити зміни структури та мінерального складу зубоальвеолярного комплексу щурів із йододефіцитом, інсулінорезистентністю та за умови їх поєднання. Дослідження проведені на 90 щурах-самицях, у яких визначали вміст кальцію, магнію, цинку, марганцю та міді у еритроцитарній масі, зубах і альвеолярних відростках із наступним морфометричним аналізом кісток і зубів. Установлено, що розвиток йододефіциту призвів до зменшення вмісту макроелементів у твердих тканинах зубів і альвеолярних відростків. У свою чергу, порушення утилізації глюкози також проявлялося переважним розвитком процесів демінералізації. Комбінована ендокринна патологія супроводжувалася більш вираженими змінами біохімічних і морфометричних параметрів. Зокрема, результати гістологічного дослідження, підтверджують прояви реактивно-запальних змін у пульпі зубів і структурні порушення у альвеолярних відростках і зубах у щурів із поєднаною ендокринопатією. Таким чином, розвиток інсулінорезистентності на тлі йододефіциту призвів до маніфестації процесів демінералізації твердих тканин зубоальвеолярного комплесу та прогресування дегенеративно-дистрофічних змін кісткової тканини, емалі й дентину.
Sustainable Agricultural Development in Iraq - Reality and Challenges
Authors: Maher Asaad Hamdi
Published: January 2020

Most of the developed and developing countries seek to achieve sustainable development, which contributes to meeting food needs and providing decent work opportunities for present and future generations, which preserves production capacity and renews the natural resource base. Therefore, sustainable agricultural development is of importance to the sector in which it work in it. because it is the main resource of capital accumulation and the main resource to supply national industries with raw materials, especially manufacturing industries, from here the focus of efforts in this sector and development has become imperative, and in Iraq There was an urgent need for the role of the State in the development and development of this vital sector commensurate with its economic importance for the individual and the process of economic development.
This research aims at identifying some indicators of sustainable agricultural development in Iraq, and determine the most important challenges it faces so that we can make a number of suggestions that contribute to treatment these challenges.
Numerical Evaluation of Earthquake Effect on Cisumdawu Tunnel Stability
Authors: Nugraha Jutika Aditya Nugraha , Indrawan I Gde Budi , Karnawati Dwikorita
Published: January 2020

Cisumdawu Tunnel is located approximately 3.95 km southeast of the activeLembang Fault. Earthquakes induced by movement of the the active the strike-slip fault may influence stability of the twin tunnel. This paper presents results of numerical analyses carried out to demonstrate effect of a worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault on the stability of the Cisumdawu Tunnel. Static and pseudo-static tunnel stability analyses were carried out at 11 observation stations of tunnel face mapping using RS2 finite element package (Rocscience, Inc.). In the pseudo-static analyses, a 0.48 horizontal seismic load coefficient, which was obtained from a deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) based on a 6.8 maximum magnitude of estimated earthquake sourced from the Lembang Fault using Campbell-Bozorgnia (2014) attenuation relationship, was applied to the finite element models. The numerical analysis results showed that strength factors of the rock masses around the twin tunnel were greater than unity, both under the static and earthquake loads. The forepolling zones, however, appeared to be under an overstressed condition. Reduction of rock strength factor around the tunnel roof due to application of the earthquake load occurred at all observation stations. Total displacement contours of rock masses around the twin tunnel indicated an increased rock mass displacement due to the earthquake load, as compared to that due to the static load. Under the static load, the largest displacement occurred at the tunnel inverts. The predicted roof displacements obtained from this study were in a reasonably good agreement with those obtained from the field measurements. Number of yielded elements and extend of shear and tension failure zones in the rock masses around the twin tunnel also appeared to increase due to the earthquake load. Despite slight tunnel displacement as predicted in the numerical analyses, the worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault may only cause failures of the rock masses around the Cisumdawu Tunnel. To prevent the twin tunnel displacement caused by such relatively severe earthquake loads, however, stabilizing surrounding the relatively poor ground condition may be necessary.
Evaluation of a vertical downward water film thickness using visualization and image recognition techniques
Authors: Larrainzar Solís Edgar Fernando , Moctezuma Reyes José Javier , Sánchez Silva Florencio , Carvajal Mariscal Ignacio , García Demedices Lino
Published: January 2020

The present work is focused on the experimental study of a vertical downward annular flow to determine the thickness and stability of a falling film water flow. For this purpose, it was designed and implemented an experimental set up to generate the annular two-phase flow pattern, provided with an injection head with a special geometry to induce a liquid film inside a cylinder. Due to the small dimensions, the film was visualized using a pulsated laser to illuminate the region and the pictures were taken with a high-speed camera. This technique allowed the determination of the falling film thickness by means of an algorithm to recognize image contours. In some of the studied cases, a concurrent air flow was injected in the center of the cylinder in order to evaluate its influence on the interfacial hydrodynamics of the liquid film. Average film thickness were obtained for different Reynolds numbers in different axial observation points, and it was observed that the liquid film annular area and the shape of the header to inject the water, are important factors for the surface characteristic and thickness of the film, and its stability as well. The experimental results show that the standard deviation increases in proportion to the average film thickness, especially in the turbulent regime.
crítica del realismo social a la nueva sociología de la educación y su diálogo con la sociología de la ciencia
Authors: Güémez Graniel Braulio
Published: January 2020

Este artículo discute teóricamente el papel que ha tenido el concepto de conocimiento en algunas vertientes de la sociología de la educación y los estudios sociales de la ciencia con el propósito de buscar criterios y líneas de unificación conceptual para la sociología del conocimiento. En particular, se discuten las aportaciones hechas por la Nueva Sociología de la Educación (NSE) y la crítica posterior del realismo social (RS) que recupera aspectos filosóficos del realismo crítico (RC), así como las intervenciones post-Kuhn que tuvo la sociología y antropología de la ciencia en las últimas décadas del siglo pasado. Se concluye que las críticas del RS han sido de corte más normativo que empírico, y que la distinción de esos dos niveles es imprescindible para buscar criterios conceptuales unificados en la disciplina general de la sociología del conocimiento.
Conocimiento tecnológico pedagógico del contenido en la enseñanza de matemática en el ciclo superior de la escuela secundaria
Authors: Cenich Gabriela , Araujo Sonia , Santos Graciela
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo tiene como propósito presentar las particularidades de las prácticas de enseñanza de los docentes de matemática de escuela secundaria cuando utilizan tecnologías digitales en las aulas. La investigación cualitativa se realizó mediante entrevistas en una muestra de 14 docentes de matemática de escuela secundaria en Argentina. Se propone la Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) como herramienta de análisis para establecer vinculaciones entre los conocimientos tecnológicos, pedagógicos y de contenido para caracterizar el uso que los docentes hacen de las tecnologías en sus prácticas de enseñanza. Los resultados indican que la mayoría hace un uso limitado de las tecnologías, en el marco de una enseñanza tradicional. Se destacan las prácticas de dos profesoras que potencian un entramado significativo entre tecnología, didáctica y conocimientos específicos. Los resultados a los que se ha arribado constituyen un potencial insumo para la formación docente con tecnologías.
Analisis Tekno Ekonomi Biaya Capex dan Opex Implementasi Jaringan Long Term Evolution Area Banten
Authors: Yuwanto Totok
Published: January 2020

Dengan semakin pesatnya pertumbuhan dan kebutuhan penggunaan data maka diperlukan suatu jaringan telekomunikasi yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut yaitu dalam hal kapasitas, kualitas, mobilitas dan kecepatan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan  tersebut maka perusahaan operator telekomunikasi  dituntut untuk menggelar  jaringan telekomunikasi  yang mempunyai kapasitas besar, kecepatan tinggi, handal dan mempunyai kualitas yang bisa memenuhi kebutuhan tsb .  Salah satu tehnologi seluler terbaru yang bisa memenuhi kebutuhan tsb adalah tehnologi LTE. Pada penelitian ini dianalisa secara teknologi dan ekonomi terhadap implementasi LTE release 8 pada jaringan operator existing dengan menggunakan skenario join base station. Model analisa yang digunakan berdasarkan prinsip tekno ekonomi dengan menggunakan metoda capacity planning and coverage estimation untuk menentukan perancangan teknologi LTE serta  metoda DCF untuk menganalisa secara ekonomi dan juga mengukur kelayakan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk implementasi LTE tersebut. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai NPV positif  dan IRR sebesar 12.95% , dengan nilai Pay Back Period 3 Tahun 1 Bulan. Berdasarkan hasil tsb dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi jaringan berbasis Long Term Evolution  (LTE)  di propinsi Banten layak untuk di implementasikan.
Sistem Monitoring Detak Jantung Menggunakan Sensor AD8232 Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Hariri Ria , Hakim Lutfi , Lestari Riska Fita
Published: January 2020

Pemeriksaan kesehatan jantung sangat penting dilakukan, mengingat jantung merupakan organ vital tubuh yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja organ lain. Pemeriksaan jantung menggunakan sensor elektrokardiograf pada sebuah rumah sakit membutuhkan biaya yang cukup mahal. Pemeriksaan ini perlu dilakukan secara signifikan, karena banyak hal yang bisa mempengaruhi kinerja jantung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan alat monitoring denyut jantung manusia menggunakan sensor AD8232 yang berfungsi untuk membaca sinyal biolistrik tubuh, dengan cara menempelkan lead atau alat penerima implus listrik jantung pada bagian tubuh yang telah ditentukan berdasarkan teori segitiga Einthoven. Selain itu, Modul MCU ESP8266 juga digunakan untuk mengontrol keluaran dan memungkinkan menjalankan sistem Internet of Things (IoT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan persentase rerata error antara sistem yang dikembangkan dengan alat yang digunakan di rumah sakit sebesar 1,2%. Selain itu, keberhasilan pengiriman data ke website melalui media internet sebesar 100%.
POSTS NA PÁGINA DO DOM BOSCO RONDONIENSE: HISTÓRIAS ESCOLARES NO FACEBOOK
Authors: Simões Robson Fonseca
Published: January 2020

A vocação deste artigo é a de refletir sobre as postagens dos sujeitos nos territórios fluidos da web, mais especificamente na página do Colégio Dom Bosco rondoniense no Facebook; nessa acepção, traz para a discussão os posts que circulam num tempo de redes sociais virtuais, buscando contribuir para os estudos sobre os lugares de memórias da escolarização. Os registros compartilhados, possíveis fontes para a historiografia da Educação, exibem as memórias sobre o tempo escolar. Quais as motivações dos usuários nessa página virtual? Nesse ímã de interação, os usuários desempenham papéis indicadores das ações cotidianas, expondo os lugares, as relações, as representações escolares. Nesse contexto, cabe à tela, a capacidade de revelar as memórias escolares vividas no espaço midiático, na quais, os produtores e receptores manejam a linguagem, postam imagens, com vistas à produção de sentidos sobre a vida na instituição de ensino rondoniense. Estudos de Lima (1993) e Cantanhede (1950) anunciam que desde 1933, as aulas com Música, Teatro, sessões de cinema faziam parte das ações educativas dessa instituição de ensino. A pesquisa aborda os variados temas surgidos nas postagens dos novos e antigos estudantes do educandário: saudades dos amigos, debate sobre o Patrimônio cultural em Porto Velho, assim como as atividades que praticaram na escola. Valho-me dos estudiosos Certeau (1982), Chartier (2002), Lévy (1999) e Sibilia (2008) para me ajudar a pensar que as postagens na rede social do Facebook também representam valores, atividades cotidianas e práticas educativas que permitem o conhecimento institucional para além dos estudos historiográficos.
O QUE SERÃO OS THAM’S? AVALIAR/INTERVIR A CONSCIÊNCIA METALINGUÍSTICA
Authors: Figueira Ana Paula Mendes Correia Couceiro , Pinto Maria Antonieta
Published: January 2020

Operacionalizamos o constructo consciência metalinguística e apresentamos três testes (THAM's, testes de habilidades metalinguísticas), provas ou recursos, que permitem analisar esta competência. Consideramos esta capacidade importante e passível de ser promovida desde a infância. Assim, a proposta aventa ferramentas para três faixas etárias distintas: para crianças, o THAM-1, para adolescentes, o THAM-2 e para adultos, o THAM-3. Estes recursos são adaptações para o português europeu dos MAT's (acrónimo de Metalinguistic Awareness Tests), originais em versão italiana, de Pinto (cf. Matel project), com versões em várias línguas, mundialmente disseminados, mesmo por via de um projeto europeu, MATEL. Ao nível nacional, já se encontram em circulação, pela publicação de um livro, estando em curso diversas investigações.
CONCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DE UM CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM MATEMÁTICA SOBRE ARGUMENTAÇÕES E PROVAS
Authors: Amorim Marta Élid , Pietropaolo Ruy César , Powell Arthur Belford , Silva Angélica Da Fontoura Garcia
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem o propósito de discutir as concepções e a imagem conceitual de futuros professores a respeito de argumentações e provas para ensinar e aprender matemática. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa que envolveu um grupo de dez estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de um campus da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Para coletar os dados aqui apresentados foi aplicado um questionário e realizadas entrevistas. A análise dos dados baseou-se nos estudos de Tall e Vinner, que discutem a noção de Imagem Conceitual, e de Ponte, relativamente à ideia de Concepção. Os resultados mostraram que não parece ser consensual a inclusão de provas nos currículos da Educação Básica pois, no geral, o grupo de alunos considera a temática relevante, mas por assumirem o significado de prova como demonstração formal e rigorosa, argumentaram que o seu ensino teria que se reportar a um grupo restrito de alunos. Essas concepções constituíram o ponto de partida para o processo formativo desenvolvido logo após esta pesquisa.
MODELLING THE CONSTRUCT OF BURNOUT PREVENTION: THE CASE OF SUPERVISORS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Sabokrouh Farzaneh , Razmjoo Seyyed Ayatollah , Dehghan Farzaneh
Published: January 2020

A sobrecarga de trabalho do professor pode causar desafios para os professores, levando a esgotamento a longo prazo, se não forem abordados. Consequentemente, o presente estudo tem como objetivo examinar as fontes de prevenção de burnout das perspectivas dos supervisores de EFL (inglês como língua estrangeira). Os participantes foram 85 supervisores iranianos de EFL, cujo trabalho era observar e dar feedback aos professores sobre seu desempenho no ensino em vários níveis de proficiência linguística, do nível básico ao avançado. Um projeto de método misto seqüencial foi empregado neste estudo. Primeiro, a coleta de dados qualitativos foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com 30 participantes, a fim de determinar as fontes de prevenção de burnout na perspectiva dos supervisores. A seguir, foi elaborado um questionário de prevenção de burnout, utilizando os resultados das entrevistas, após o qual foi aplicado aos demais participantes. Os dados coletados foram analisados por fatores para identificar os componentes do construto de prevenção de burnout. Os resultados da análise de conteúdo dos dados da entrevista indicaram que o apoio dos professores de seus colegas, a situação menos estressante e a satisfação no trabalho foram as principais fontes de prevenção de burnout. A análise fatorial mostrou as mesmas fontes de burnout que os principais componentes do construto de prevenção de burnout. As conclusões deste estudo enfatizam a contribuição do apoio educacional e emocional dos professores, proporcionando um local de trabalho construtivo e saudável, bem como a renda desejável como formas de prevenção do esgotamento nos professores de EFL.
POLÍTICAS EDUCATIVAS E APRENDIZAGEM DOS ALUNOS NO ENSINO NÃO- SUPERIOR PORTUGUÊS
Authors: Mucharreira Pedro Ribeiro , Antunes Marina Godinho , Cabrito Belmiro Gil , Cerdeira Luísa
Published: January 2020

A presente investigação tem como objetivo investigar o papel que algumas variáveis podem ter no incremento das aprendizagens dos alunos, tais como o envolvimento dos alunos, os projetos educativos de escola e algumas políticas educativas, como o currículo nacional, a redução do número de alunos por turma ou a formação contínua de professores. A investigação é de natureza qualitativa, na linha de um paradigma interpretativo, embora utilizando técnicas quantitativas de recolha e análise de dados. Os dados foram obtidos através da aplicação de um questionário online desenvolvido pelos autores para avaliar as diferentes dimensões do modelo proposto, recorrendo-se nesse sentido a uma amostra de conveniência constituída por 1.320 professores e diretores de escolas de ensino não- superior, público e particular e cooperativo, desde o primeiro ciclo até ao ensino secundário, do território português, no ano letivo de 2017/2018. No tratamento de dados quantitativos, utilizou-se o modelo de equações estruturais (SEM), através do software SPSS para investigar as possíveis relações entre as diferentes dimensões incorporadas no modelo. As principais conclusões do estudo apontam no sentido de que a melhoria do desempenho escolar dos alunos foi influenciada de forma significativa pelos métodos de estudo dos alunos e não revelou como diretamente significativa a influência da redução do número de alunos por turma, da formação de professores e do currículo nacional.