bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite-x From Coal Fly Ash Obtained From Thermal Power Plant of Gujarat State: a Parametric Optimization Approach
Authors: Tirva Divya , Palkar Ritesh Ramesh
Published: January 2023

The coal fly ash (CFA) is generally referred as waste generated. The authors tried to convert the waste into the useful product like Zeolite. The coal fly ash (Class-F) was used to synthesize Zeolite-X that was obtained from Mundra thermal power plant, Gujarat, India. In this present work, an alkaline fusion hydrothermal treatment method with and without seeding of sodium aluminate was employed for the synthesis. The purpose of this study is to maximize zeolite-X crystallization that is derived CFA. In addition to this study, authors also optimized the hydrothermal parameters using the L9 orthogonal Taguchi methodology. The operational parameters examined are: fusion temperature, fusion time, liquid/solid (L/S) ratio and concentration of alkaline solution. The effect of the selected parameters on the crystallization of zeolite-X was investigated using analysis mean (ANOM) and variance (ANOVA) method. Fly ash is transformed into zeolite by alkaline treatment with NaOH solution with varying molarity from 1 M to 3 M at 90 °C. The XRF study of CFA reveals predominant composition of quartz (SiO2), mullite (Al2O3.SiO2) and small quantity of hematite and magnetite. The effect of various parameters such as alkaline solution concentration, fusion temperature, crystallization time and seeding on the synthesis of zeolite formation has been studied. The highly crystalline zeolite (ZT-5) was obtained at 0.3 M NaOH solution at fusion temperature 550 °C with 90 hours of crystallization time with seeding of NaAlO3. The XRD pattern of zeolite (ZT-5) exhibits sharp peaks from 20°- 40° contrary to the CFA graph. The SEM images depict the transformation in morphology of CFA from smooth spherical texture to highly crystalline lattice structure. FT-IR absorption band reports sharp stretch around 440 cm-1 and 460 cm-1 and weak bend at 660 cm-1 and 694 cm-1 represents the relative O-T-O deformation and the alteration in shape of the Al-O-H bonds.
Accumulation of high-energy phosphates blocks the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers in soleus muscle under 24 hours of rat hindlimb suspension
Authors: Lvova Irina D. , Sharlo Kristina A. , Vilchinskaya Natalia A. , Sidorenko Daria A. , Sharlo Dmitrii T. , Shenkman Boris S.
Published: January 2023

Under the initial stage of muscle mechanical unloading, the skeletal muscle undergo accumulation of high-energy phosphates followed by AMP-dependent proteinkinase (AMPK) inactivation. Since AMPK is known to activate mitochondrial biogenesis, it cannot be excluded that AMPK inactivation results in oxidative potential decrease at the later stages of muscle unloading. We decided to test the role of the accumulation of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle fibers in the inactivation of mitochondrial biogenesis regulators at an early stage of muscle unloading. To reduce the ATP/ADP ratio, we used beta-guanidine propionic acid, and the obtained data indicating that already during the first day of simulated microgravity, the accumulation of high-energy phosphates can reduce the expression level of mRNA of the key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis PGC1α, the transcription factor TFAM, as well as the mitochondrial fusion regulator - mitofusin-1. A number of other parameters of mitochondrial signaling were not subject to changes at this time-point. Thus, we demonstrated the role of the ATP/ADP ratio in the inactivation of several regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis in the postural soleus muscle at an early stage of functional unloading.
Factors influencing pollinator abundance in Indigenous coffee farms of the Nilgiris, Western Ghats, India
Authors: Sharma Manju Vasudevan , Viswanathan Poornima , Leo Robert , Gemmill-Herren Barbara , Mammides Christos , Ngo Hien T.
Published: January 2023

Wild pollinators are shown to be declining in many parts of the world where data and evidence exist; trends could be similar in other regions, but data and evidence are lacking. Land-use change is recognized as the top driver of biodiversity loss, including pollinator loss. In this study, we focused on coffee plantations in Indigenous land holdings in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats of India, where changing agricultural practices and reducing tree shade diversity and/or changing tree cover type may threaten pollinator communities. We assessed pollinator abundance, through scan sampling of flowers, in ten coffee farms — five of which had (Grevillea robusta) silver oak as shade trees and five of which had native tree species. We then evaluated the combined effect of (a) tree cover type, (b) distance from the forest edge, and (c) area under coffee cultivation on the abundance of four dominant coffee pollinators (Apis dorsata, A. cerana, A. florea, and Tetragonula iridipennis) and the abundance of Xylocopa sp., which is also known as a coffee pollinator. We found that the abundances of all five species were associated positively with the area under coffee cultivation. The abundance of A. cerana and T. iridipennis were also associated with the distance from the forest edge; the closer a farm to the forest, the more individuals of A. cerana and T. iridipennis were found visiting coffee flowers on the farm. Lastly, we found no statistically significant relationship between the abundances of the five species examined and tree cover type (either mixed native forest trees or silver oak (G. robusta)). The absence of a pattern may have been driven partly by our relatively small sample size since the abundances of A. cerana, A. florea, and T. iridipennis were on average higher in farms with native tree species. Our results suggest that maintaining forests near coffee systems increases insect pollinator abundance (i.e., delivery of pollination services) in the case of A. cerana and T. iridipennis and maintaining forest cover with native tree species composition plays a role in supporting pollinator habitats as well as providing foraging resources. Implications for insect conservation In working with Indigenous land holdings in India, our results show that forests and land use (area under cultivation) play a key role in maintaining bee pollinators in coffee agroecosystems and further investigation is needed to clarify the role of tree cover type and insect populations.
Singapore KneE osTeoarthritis CoHort (SKETCH): protocol for a multi-centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Tan Bryan Yijia , Goh Zack Zhong Sheng , Lim Chien Joo , Pereira Michelle Jessica , Yang Su-Yin , Tan Kelvin Guoping , Tan Alvin Chin Kwong , Liang Phyllis , Abbott J Haxby , Briggs Andrew M , Hunter David J , Skou Soren T , Thumboo Julian , Car Josip
Published: January 2023

BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of global disability. The understanding of the role of psychosocial factors in knee OA outcomes is still evolving particularly in an Asian context. The primary aim of this study is to explore psychosocial factors that prognosticate short and long-term clinical outcomes, productivity, and healthcare utilization in patients with knee OA. Secondary aims are to explore the mediation and directional relationships and the role it plays in predicting the discordance between self-reported measures (SRM), physical-performance measures (PPMs) and objective clinical parameters.MethodsA multi-centre prospective cohort study of community ambulant knee OA patients seeking treatment in the tertiary healthcare institutions in Singapore will be conducted. Patients with secondary arthritis, significant cognitive impairment, severe medical comorbidities or previous knee arthroplasty will be excluded. Primary clinical outcome measure is the Knee injury and OA Outcome Score-12 (KOOS-12). Baseline characteristics include sociodemographic status, arthritis status including symptom duration and radiographic severity, comorbidities and functional status through Charlson Comorbidities Index (CCI), Barthel Index (BI) and Parker Mobility Score (PMS). Psychosocial variables include social support, kinesiophobia, negative affect, self-efficacy, injustice, chronic illness shame and the built environment. Clinical outcomes include quality of life, physical performance, global assessment, satisfaction and physical activity levels. Productivity and healthcare utilization will be assessed by a modified OA Cost and Consequences Questionnaire (OCC-Q) and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI). Variables will be collected at baseline, 4, 12 months and yearly thereafter. Regression, mediation and structural equation modelling will be used for analysis.DiscussionResults will allow contextualization, identification, and phenotyping of the critical (and potentially modifiable) psychosocial parameters that predict positive clinical outcomes in the OA population to guide optimization and refinement of healthcare and community. This will facilitate: 1. identification of high-risk knee OA subpopulations that will likely experience poor outcomes and 2. formulation of targeted multidisciplinary comprehensive approaches to address these psychosocial factors to optimize non-surgical treatment care, maximize functional outcomes and create more value-based care model for knee OA.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been registered under clinicaltrials.gov registry (Identifier: NCT04942236).
Establishment of a risk classifier to predict the in-hospital death risk of nosocomial infections caused by fungi in cancer patients
Authors: Wang Ruoxuan , Jiang Aimin , Zhang Rui , Shi Chuchu , Ding Qianqian , Liu Shihan , Zhao Fumei , Ma Yuyan , Liu Junhui , Fu Xiao , Liang Xuan , Ruan ZhiPing , Yao Yu , Tian Tao
Published: January 2023

(1) Background:

Patients with malignancy are more vulnerable to developing nosocomial infections. Limited studies investigated cancer patients' clinical features and prognostic factors of fungi infections. Herein, this study was performed to explore the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections due to fungi and develop a nomogram to predict the in-hospital death risk of these patients.
(2) Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed cancer patients with nosocomial infections caused by fungi from September 2013 to September 2021. The univariate and multivariate logistics regression analyses were utilized to identify the influencing factors of in-hospital death risk of nosocomial infections caused by fungi. A nomogram was developed to predict the in-hospital death risk of these individuals, with the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve being generated to evaluate its performance.
(3) Results: 216 patients with solid tumors developed fungal infections during hospitalization, of which 57 experienced in-hospital death. C.albicans is the most common fungal species(68.0%). The respiratory system was the most common site of infection(59.0%), followed by intra-abdominal infection (8.8%). The multivariate regression analysis revealed that ECOG-PS 3–4, pulmonary metastases, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors of in-hospital death risk. A nomogram was constructed based on the identified risk factors to predict the in-hospital death risk of these patients.
(4) Conclusions: Fungi-related nosocomial infections are common in solid tumors and have a bleak prognosis. The constructed nomogram could help oncologists make a timely and appropriate clinical decision with significant net clinical benefit to patients.
Prestress-mediated damage strength of lattice metamaterials and its optimization
Authors: Li Xinran , Liu Jinxing , Soh Ai Kah
Published: January 2023

Lattice metamaterials have been attracting wide research interests due to their excellent mechanical properties. Most of meta-properties have been implemented by proper geometric designs of microstructures. In this study, we examine another way to obtain outstanding properties, which has been relatively less explored. That is, we aim to adjust the loading bearing capability of lattices by periodically introducing prestress into particular lattice segments. Based on existing related works, we focus on the following two problems deserving further investigations. First, results have been provided based on a single cell with/without taking into account the interactions between each two of neighboring individual cells. Second, it is interesting to search for the optimal distribution of prestress in lattices subjected to a specific load. For the former, we propose a set of constraint equations for implementing periodic boundary conditions (PBC) on a periodic unit cell and confirm its correctness. The significance of PBC related to rotational degrees of freedom is emphasized. We then use the proposed method to calculate the initial damage surface of four kinds of prestressed lattice unit cells under PBC. For the latter, we build a new optimization algorithm with the help of the so-called Symbiotic-Organisms-Search technique (SOS), to calculate the optimal prestress setting corresponding to the requested properties. As an example, the optimal prestress setting is found to almost double the critical load to failure of the lattice in a special direction. This work may be helpful to design lattice metamaterials with programmable strengths.
Qualitative Analysis of Metformin Drug Administration in Caputo Setting
Authors: Khan Aabid , Beldar Vishal G. , Bhairat Sandeep P.
Published: January 2023

The study of drug metabolism is significant to establish the drug pro-file. The pharmacokinetics of the drug determines the concentrationof the drug in enumerable parts of the human body. In this paper, we develop a relationship between such processes of Pharmacokinetics with mathematical formulations using the tools from fractional calculus. As per the literature, for treating a type-II diabetes mellitus, Metformin is being used extensively. The Metformin metabolism encom-passes a large variety of metabolic processes in different parts of thebody. In the present study, we formulate and analyze a model of the Metformin kinetics taking into account a homogenous dimensionalityin Caputo sense. The Banach and Schauder fixed point theorems are employed to explore the uniqueness and existence results. The equilibrium point, asymptotic stability for the given parameters, and Lyapunov stable solutions are also discussed. Further, the Ulam’s type stabilityis explored for generalized model. Finally, the Adam-Bashful-Mouton(A-B-M) method in generalized form is used to validate the conclusions.
Towards Optimising the use of Quarry Dust in Concrete Production in Zambia
Authors: Mulenga Michael N. , Shikabonga Joseph , Chisanga Kaluba , Silungwe Charles , Hamaundu Mulyata
Published: January 2023

Over the years, the construction industry in Zambia has been rapidly growing and this has resulted in shortages of some construction materials. One such material is River Sand, which is used as a fine aggregate in concrete production. This has resulted increased use of quarry dust as a substitute to river sand, as a fine aggregate. However, no guidelines exist on the replacement of River Sand in concrete production. There is a clear depletion of river sand sources and degrading of river banks. This in turn has led to river bank erosion, triggering environmental problems such deepening of the river beds, loss of vegetation on the river banks, disturbance of aquatic life and agricultural activities, as well as posing a danger to river crossing infrastructure such as culverts and bridges. Two studies were conducted at the University of Zambia: aComparative Study of Concretes Produced by Natural Fine Aggregate and Quarry Dust, and, Partial Substitution of Quarry Dust as a Fine Aggregate in Concrete Production in Zambia. The first study aimed at making recommendations on the full replacement of river sand with quarry dust in concrete production whilst the second focused at determining suitable partial substitution of quarry dust in the production of concrete. It was established that Quarry Dust offered some advantages such as; better gradation and higher rate of compressive strength gain compared with river sand. This can offer advantages like speeding up repair and maintenance works. Further, from the second study, a 50% substitution of river sand in the fine aggregate produced the best results.
Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Trend for Hydro-climatic Parameters in the Kilombero River Catchment, Tanzania
Authors: Sigalla Onesmo Zakaria , Valimba Patrick , Selemani Juma Rajabu , Tumbo Madaka Harlod
Published: January 2023

Perceived and real-life water availability have raised social and economic conflicts that necessitate proper water management. This requires an understanding of spatial-temporal trends of hydro-climatic variables as the main contributor to available water for use by sectors of economy. In this study, we have analyzed the trend of hydro-climatic variables viz. precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration and river discharge. One downstream river gauge station was used for discharge data whereas a total of 9 daily observed and 29 grided satellite stations were used for climate data. Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation was used for precipitation data and Observational-Reanalysis Hybrid was used for Temperature data. Mann-Kendall Statistical test, Sen’s slope estimator and ArcMap Inverse Distance Weighted Interpolation functionality were employed for temporal, magnitude and spatial trend analysis respectively. Results show that on the latter, there are three main climatic zones in the study area viz. Udzungwa escarpment, Kilombero valley and Mahenge escarpment. On the former, with exception of the declining potential evapotranspiration trend, all other variables are on increase. This is with catchment rates of 2.08 mm/y, 0.05 oC/y, 0.02 oC/y, 498.6 m3/s/y and − 2.27 mm/y for precipitation, Tmax, Tmin, river discharge and PET respectively. Furthermore, there is a synonymous seasonality pattern for all variables with significant range, especially in river discharge. However, it is recommended to improve water resources management practices to limit flow impairment as expansions in sectors of economy are expected. Furthermore, landuse change analysis is recommended to ascertain actual trend and hence future water uptake.
Two independent response mechanisms to auditory stimuli measured with fNIRS in sleeping infants.
Authors: Lee Onn Wah , Mao Darren , Wunderlich Julia , Balasubramanian Gautam , Haneman Mica , Korneev Mikhail , McKay Colette
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the morphology of the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) response to speech sounds measured from 16 sleeping infants and how it changes with repeated stimulus presentation. We observed a positive peak followed by a wide negative trough, with the latter being most evident in early epochs. We argue that the overall response morphology captures the effects of two simultaneous, but independent, response mechanisms that are both activated at the stimulus onset: one being the obligatory response to a sound stimulus by the auditory system, and the other being a neural suppression effect induced by the arousal system. Because the two effects behave differently with repeated epochs, it is possible to mathematically separate them and use fNIRS to study factors that affect the development and activation of the arousal system in infants. The results also imply that standard fNIRS analysis techniques need to be adjusted to take into account the possibilities of multiple simultaneous brain systems being activated and that the response to a stimulus is not necessarily stationary.
Afet Yönetimi İçin Mobil Uygulama Tasarımı ve CBS ile Acil Durum Toplanma Alanlarının Uygunluğunun İrdelenmesi: Konya İli Örneği
Authors: KART Büşra , YAĞCI Ceren , GÖZGÖRER Büşra , AVCI Efsun , İŞCAN Fatih
Published: January 2023

Türkiye, Dünya’nın en aktif sismik kuşaklarından biri olan Alpin Deprem Kuşağı’nda bulunmaktadır. Bulunduğu konum itibariyle toplum yapısı depremlerden büyük ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Özellikle 1999 Marmara depreminden sonra afet yönetimi kavramının önemi artarak konuyla ilgili mobil tabanlı teknolojilerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada Android Studio yazılımı üzerinde Flutter programlama dili kullanılarak bir Deprem Bilgi Sistemi Mobil Uygulaması tasarlanmış ve CBS kullanılarak Konya iline ait acil durum toplanma alanlarının kent üzerindeki dağılımları incelenmiştir. Mevcut alanların uygunluğu yüzölçümü, nüfus, ulaşılabilirlik ve yerleşim yerlerine yakınlık kriterleri ele alınarak haritalar üzerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu uygulama ile toplumda afet yönetimi konusunda bir farkındalık yaratılması hedeflenmiştir. Tasarlanan uygulamada deprem öncesi, sonrası ve deprem anı bütün halinde ele alınarak deprem yönetimi konusunda çeşitli içerikler kullanılmıştır. Geliştirilen mobil uygulamanın ayrıcalıklı özelliği ise kullanıcıların ve acil durum toplanma alanlarının konum verisini anlık olarak sunmasıdır. Böylece uygulama ile panik anında bulunulan noktaya en yakın toplanma alanı bilgisine anlık ulaşılabilmektedir. Ayrıca uygulama, deprem sonrasındaki geçici barınma merkezleri hazır hale gelene kadar ki süreçte yaşanılabilecek paniğin önlenmesi, etkin haberleşmenin sağlanması, yardımlaşma ve hızlı ilk acil müdahale sağlanmasını da olanaklı hale getirebilecektir. Bu çalışma ile Konya ilinde bulunan (ilçeler dahil) 125 tane toplanma alanının, olası bir afet durumunda çalışmada değerlendirilen kriterlere göre ihtiyaçlara cevap verebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Social imaginary of a literary technique: About dynamics of transitivity in Russian literature of the late 19th century (Dostoevsky, Garshin, Chekhov)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vasileva Irina E.
Published: January 2023

This article discusses the problems we face while describing transition periods. I analyze various approaches to the phenomenon of transition and criteria used for their identification. I suggest that we should pay more attention to internal substance of transition process than the role of sociocultural factors or external features which reflect changes in literature. The problems are discussed using the texts by Dostoevsky, Garshin and Chekhov who represent in many respects transitional epoch of the late 19th century. Chronologically, their oeuvres belong to adjacent periods, and so it is possible to trace the changes as a process but not as a set of typological attributes. The comparative analysis is focused on the motive of response as the generalized literary technique, and differences in its use demonstrate transformations of various zones of the literary field — from author’s intention and reader’s reception to the techniques of the creation of narration. For all three Russian writers, the search of “new ways” and strategic decisions are connected with readers’ activity, although each of them understands it in his own way. Dostoevsky and Garshin believe that literature should recover social consensus, and the response plays the principal role here. For Chekhov, response ceased to be a goal. In his system, response is a constant critical defamiliarization of any point of view and gives way to a new type of social interaction. As a result, such features of transition as historical assessment and prognosis are fully expressed in Chekhov’s literary system.
Nationality (narodnost’) of Golden Age literature: The achievement of romanticism or the heritage of classicism
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Virolainen Maria N.
Published: January 2023

The article counters the widely held opinion that the interest in nationality (narodnost’) and particular nature of nation is a characteristic feature of the Romantic literature. The criticism and aesthetics of the Golden Age (1810–1830s), transferring Western concepts to the Russian soil, sometimes too hastily correlated them with Russian artistic practice. So, in the early 1820s, when, as Petr Vyazemsky admitted, the Russian ideas of romanticism were still vague, nationality was declared the property of the romantic school (сf. the article On Romantic Poetry by Orest Somov, who was largely influenced by Germaine de Staёl). This point of view was reflected in later criticism which characterized such authors as Konstantin Batyushkov, Nikola Gnedich, Anton Delvig, and Pavel Katenin as belonging to the Romantic school. Their interest in particular nature of nation, however, had absolutely different sources. Besides Herder’s Enlightenment ideas, it was the aesthetics of renewed classicism, advanced by Winkelmann and oriented at authentic antiquity that nurtured this interest. The antique culture, understood differently from French classicism, still served as a model for poets developing national themes. The influence of Greek Anthology upon Delvig’s Russian song, Greek motives in Gnedich’s Russian idyll, the Homeric simplicity, which permeated in Russian ballad, — all this resulte from deliberate integration of Russian content and high antiquity. National themes were bornby the culture of classicism, affecting the entire Golden Age, but in the framework of the same transitional period were quickly “appropriated” by the adepts of Romantic movement.
The meeting of a Russian with Europe in the travel writings of Peter the Great’s era (A.A.Matveev)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Solovev Andrei Iu.
Published: January 2023

The paper revises the traditional view at the travel writings of the era of Peter the Great. They are usually considered as naive works, and content of these works as identical to the biographies of it’s authors. The method of historical and linguistic research of V.M.Zhivov on the language of Russian writing is applied to the material of travelogues. The main purpose is to account for the pragmatics of the utterance in travel literature as in a phenomenon synthesizing heterogeneous features in principle and in the transitional Peter’s Era in particular. The paper is focused on the notes of the diplomat A.A.Matveev, compiled by him for himself as a result of his journey from the Hague to Paris (1705–1706). The narrative technique in Matveev’s text is examined (descriptions of the monuments of the French capital and the inscriptions to them in Latin), and it is shown that we should not reduce the function of Matveev’s work to purely diplomatic tasks of his actual journey. The descriptions recorded in Matveev’s text were politically charged: the author not only collected samples of inscriptions, but also demonstrated a new way for Russia to glorify the reigning monarch. This peculiar collection of Matveev is also considered in the context of cultural phenomena that were relevant at the beginning of the 18th century: private and court collections of rarities, embossing of commemorative medals, etc. The conclusion is made that borrowed elements change their function in the travelogue. In the historical and literary perspective, we must bring such works as Matveev’s notes out of the zone of marginal literary phenomena. In general, this allows us to see the key trends of the transitional period of the history of Russian literature. It is more appropriate to consider these processes not to state the Western European origin of individual elements of culture, but to analyze their pragmatics associated with the demarcation from the old Russian culture.
New hero in the 1960s Hungarian fiction and film
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Iakimenko Oksana A.
Published: January 2023

The article explores the formation of a new hero in Hungarian cinema of the 1960s against the background of transformations that took place in Hungarian society during the so-called Kádár Consolidation period, and in the context of changes that affected the country’s literature and film. The emergence of a new hero is closely connected with literature due to the traditional literary-centricity of Hungarian cinema. A brief description of the situation in literature and film in 1960s of this period is followed by references to three films-symbols of the era: Cantata by Miklos Jáncsó, based on József Lengyel’s short story, Age of Illusions by István Szabó and Good Evening, Summer, Good Evening, Love by Sándor Szőnyi and László Márton based on a short novel by Endre Fejes. The works of Jancsó and Szőnyi are screen adaptations of literary works (the book behind Szőnyi’s film is based on real events), while Sabo’s picture uses an original script, but using documentary materials. Versatile visual solutions, and an appeal to the current narrative techniques in current film speak in favor of the departure of 1960s’ Hungarian films from texts’ adaptations and signal the desire to talk about modernity using new modalities and practices of European cinema, as well as principles of composition inherent in the Hungarian visual arts (especially photography).
On the Problem of Notation in Mixed Type Composition: From the Experience of Marco Stroppa
Authors:   Moscow Conservatory, Vysotskaya Marianna S.
Published: January 2023

The evolutionary processes in the field of musical notation, which characterize the second half of the 20th century, reflected the main trend in the individualization of styles. The large-scale development of new instrumental techniques and technologies for synthesis and electronic sound processing stimulated the further development of a musical notation system as one of the means of visualizing a musical idea. Marco Stroppa, one of the leading composers of modern Europe, made significant developments in the field of graphic fixation of both new timbres and various aspects of the interaction of acoustic and electronic instruments within the framework of a mixed type composition. The interpenetration of the techniques of sound synthesis and instrumental writing as a special subject of Stroppa’s interest is reflected not only in his musical work, but also in his texts. The musicological literature in Russian about Stroppa is represented by the only article by the author of this publication, in which, for the first time, a number of aspects of Stroppa’s compositional method were analyzed using the example of the triptych “Traiettoria” for piano and computer-generated sounds, and the history of the birth of the piece was recreated. This publication focuses on the problem of notation in a mixed type composition and introduces into scientific use Stroppa’s compositional developments, implemented by him in the score “Traiettoria… deviate”, the first part of the “Traiettoria” cycle. The symbolic graphics of electronic sounds (“sound ‘objects’”) are considered, based on the composer’s commentary, such essential concepts for his workshop as a sound complex-“code”, temporal and frequency “staves” are characterized, examples of dynamic levels notation, pitch indication are presented as well as the schemes of the spatial disposition of the “synthetic orchestra” — a complex of multiple sound sources that organize the “spatial polyphony” of the piece.
Nukha’s Theatrical Life in the 30s–40s of the 20th Century (Challenges, Progress, Problems)
Authors:   Sheki Regional Scientific Center at Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Adishirinov Kamil F.
Published: January 2023

The theatre in Nukha was founded by the amateur theatre troupe who staged the comedy “Haji Kara” by Mirza Fatali Akhundzade, a prominent playwright of the Azerbaijani literature in the 19th century. The path opened by the theatre amateurs was later expanded, and it led to getting a state status of the Nukha Theatre in 1936. The path of the Nukha Theatre had not been smooth enough, and as it is mentioned in the article, the Nukha Theatre had to be closed in 1949 due to a lack of financial support by the government and a lack of actors. In the 70s of the 20th century, the theatre life in Nukha was revived by a group of students of the Azerbaijan Institute of Culture and Arts sent to Sheki to work, and the theatre stepped to its new successful stage of its history. The activity of the Nukha Theatre in the 30s–40s was out of research and became a history in archive documents till the writing of this article. Indeed, limited information about the development of the Nukha Theatre was given by theatre researchers in the direction of research of the Azerbaijani Theatre, but the path of development of theatre had not been studied in the specific direction. This article is a part of the first step in this direction. The topicality of the article is a systematic and historical — chronological study of the Nukha Theatre, which was the integral part of the Azerbaijani Theatre in the 30s–40s of the 20th century, for the first time in a wide range. The scientific novelty of the topic is related to introducing the path of development of the Nukha Theatre in the 30s–40s of the 20th century to readers broadly.
“Malachite Rooms” of Villa San Donato: The Reconstruction of the Ensembles and the Attribution of the Pieces
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Budrina Ludmila A.
Published: January 2023

Demidoff ’s villa San Donato near Florence, in the middle of the 19th century, was one of the most interesting phenomena of European artistic life. The richest collection, acquired by the two generations of the family and opened for the choice public at the end of the 1850s, was attractive not only for the curious tourist by also for the specialists in the history of art. This collection gives his influence for the collecting of the second half of the 19th century The total liquidation of the 1860s–1880s destroyed this ensemble. However, thanks to the sales catalogues, some detailed descriptions of the interiors of San Donato and the archive’s documents, unique pictures, it becomes possible to restore not only the list of this collection but to try to understand the taste of these collectors. At the end of the 1850s at the rooms of Villa San Donato was amassed one of the most important collections from Russian malachite. Those pieces reflected two main styles applied by European and Russian artists. One of the rooms was decorated by the pieces created in the first third of the 19th century in empire taste. The second interior, remarkable by the concentration of the malachite pieces realized in the middle 19th century was known only by a description completed by the malachite pieces in the second rococo taste. The decoration of this room was destroyed by the sales. However, the study of the descriptions of 1858 and 1864, archive documents, sale catalogues and previous research permit to reconstruct of the main elements of one of the main interiors of the Florentine villa of the Demidoff family and to talk about the very special taste of his members.
Under the Sign of the Avant-Garde: Jewelry in the Context of Left-Wing Trends in the Art of Russia in the First Third of the 20th Century
Authors:   Research Institute of Theory and History of Fine Arts of the Russian Academy of Arts, Perfilyeva Irina Yu.
Published: January 2023

In the context of left-wing trends and “industrial art” in Russia in the first third of the twentieth century, jewelry occupied a more than modest place. In this regard, special attention should be paid to the few jewelry artifacts known today that are directly or indirectly related to the aesthetic principles of the avant-garde artistic and stylistic trends of this time. During the study of the earliest stage of the genesis of Russian art jewelry in the Soviet period, several such monuments were identified, created by reformist artists: A. M. Rodchenko, N. M. Suetin, and others. Of particular interest is the synthesis of classic jewelry solutions and avant-garde graphic design-preserved examples of pre-revolutionary Faberge jewelry factories and three-dimensional graphic design. As a result, a capacious image of the transition era was formed, in all the contradiction of the denial of the artistic experience of the past and the approval of the stylistics of the future: agitation art, constructivism, Suprematism, and working art. Identified new archival data allowed us to make new attributions of some artifacts from Museum collections, representing different areas of existence of jewelry in the post-revolutionary era: faleristics, cinema, “production art”, Amateur. The study made it possible to conclude that the avant-garde stylistic trends “as the highest stage of all aestheticism” were not so “far from the tasks of introducing the language of new art into production”. Another thing is that the process of artistic integration does not always find an adequate response among consumers of art, including jewelry. At the same time, the synthesis of left-wing trends in art with jewelry played an important role in creating prerequisites for the formation of the genre of unique author’s jewelry works in Russia.
Mythologem “Happy Soviet Childhood” in a Children’s Portrait of the 1930s–1960s
Authors:   Committee for Science and Higher Education of the Government of St Petersburg, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Abdullina Darina A.
Published: January 2023

The article examines the process of the birth and development of the mythologem “happy soviet childhood” in a children’s pictorial portrait. The author identifies two stages: the 1930s and 1950s–1960s. In Stalin’s time, children’s images were depicted in the utopian world of a “bright future”. It was like the “paradise garden” in the “golden age”. Surrounded by natural abundance, small models looked at the world of “fathers” and served as educational models. After World War II, children’s images moved to the safe space of the house and family. Portrait painters emphasized the material well-being of Soviet childhood. Many toys and other children’s objects appear in the children’s portrait, the image of the children’s room is clearly drawn out. Paraphernalia served as markers of a “happy Soviet childhood” for portrait painters. It also addresses the problem of depicting the “disciplined” body of a Soviet child, the peculiarities of the interaction of the children’s image with the social and subject environment. The article notes that in the portrait artists allow themselves to depart from mythology, as they refuse to depict the ideologically significant theme of collective and collective work towards the dominance of the motive of the family, leisure and home holidays. This indicates the desire of portrait painters to show an individual beginning in the child as opposed to impersonal-social. Consequently, this mythology had a development dynamics.
Some Remarks about the Ceiling Painting of Bartolomeo Tarsia from the Dance Hall of the Great Peterhof Palace
Authors:   The University of Padua, Sokolova Iana S.
Published: January 2023

This paper is dedicated to the painting ceiling created in the middle of the 18th century by the Venetian artist Bartolomeo Tarsia for the Dance Hall of the Great Peterhof Palace. The plafond was badly destroyed during the Second World War and was re-painted by Soviet artists in the second half of the last century from preserved pre-war photographs and a preparatory drawing. These documents formed the basis of our research. Starting from the 19th century, the subject of the plafond is interpreted mainly as “Apollo and the Muses on mount Parnassus”. An accurate examination and analysis of Tarsia’s preparatory drawing, along with an appeal to well-known prototypes from Western European painting, made it possible to come to some conclusions about the subject of the artwork, the nature of its iconography, and also to revise the established interpretation. In particular, we considered the problem of the iconography of Parnassus and Helikon, we also noted the co-presence on the ceiling of the figures of Minerva, the Muses and Pegasus, referring to one specific episode from Ovid’s Metamorphoses; it was also discovered that in the Tarsia’s native Republic of Venice — in Padua — there is a plafond by Giuseppe Le Gru, known as the “Triumph of the Sciences”, correlated in time of creation and content to Tarsia’s plafond. Like Parnassus, the subject with Minerva and/or Apollo and the Muses on Mount Helicon has an allegorical meaning — the prosperity and glory of the sciences and arts. The Peterhof plafond also has this allegorical character. The image of the supreme goddess Juno crowning the composition serves as an additional confirmation of this, and also allows us to attribute this ceiling to examples of the embodiment of female mythological iconography, which generally corresponds to the logic of the decorative decoration of the palace and corresponds to the spirit of the time. In addition, the possible parallels with other works of the middle of the 18th century, with which the Peterhof plafond shows ideological and compositional similarity, are proposed in the paper. Among such examples, there is one of the illustrations by Giambattista Piazzetta for the grandiose Venetian edition of “La Gerusalemme liberata (Jerusalem delivered)” by Torquato Tasso in 1745.
A. Poleshchuk: Creative Biography of the Russian-Estonian Architect and a Retrospective Direction in Russian Church Architecture of the Early 20th Century
Authors:   Architectural Bureau “Liteinaya chast — 91” PLC, Bertash Alexander V.
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the creative biography of the largest Russian-Estonian architect at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries A. Poleshchuk and retrospectivism in Russian church architecture at the beginning of the twentieth century, which was his main creative method. The works and biography of the great master are still poorly studied, scientific publications are practically not devoted to him. At the same time, being a pupil of the St Petersburg Academy of Arts, the architect was awarded the title of architecture academic, the position of professor, proved himself in the capital as the author of such monumental structures as the Geological Committee and the Church of St Isidor with the house of the St Petersburg Orthodox Estonian brotherhood. He owns the project of the most monumental Orthodox church in the Baltics of the twentieth century — the Assumption Cathedral of the Pyukhtitsa Monastery, where he worked from his student years under the guidance of his teacher prof. M. Preobrazhensky. A native of Estonia and an Estonian himself on the maternal side, the architect made an invaluable contribution to the formation of a professional architectural school in the country. He was the chairman of the Estland Engineering Society and the Estland Technical Society in Petrograd, then was actively involved in teaching in Tallinn as professor of architecture at Tallinn Polytechnic College and chief architect and educational adviser to the Construction Board. A. Poleshchuk is known as an architectural theorist, a specialist in the theory of vaults, the author of the fundamental courses “Lectures on the art of building” in 10 volumes, and a two-volume guide to bridge construction. The article examines in detail the main milestones in the creative path of A. Poleshchuk in the context of the history of architecture at the beginning of the 20th century, mainly, church retrospectivism. The features of his work, diverse in typology and stylistics (Russian style, neoclassicism, neo-Renaissance, neo-baroque), are analyzed. In conclusion, a stylistic classification of the retrospective directions of church architecture of the late 19th — early 20th centuries with examples of relevant monuments is proposed. The article is based both on little-known published materials and, mainly, on newly discovered archival documents from the depositories of St Petersburg, Tartu, Tallinn.
Study of Sociological Components on the Evolution of Pottery in the Seljuk Period (5th to 6th Century AH)
Authors:   Tarbiat Modares University, Pourmahmoud Sadaf , Afhami Reza ,   Tarbiat Modares University, Keshavarz Afshar Mehdi ,   Tarbiat Modares University
Published: January 2023

The Seljuks, with their important role in Islamic civilization, spent two periods in their lives, which paved the way for many changes and innovations in their art, especially pottery. The first period is the era of their authority, which appeared in the Islamic world as an empire, and the second period is the era of their disintegration, which paved the way for their downfall. The purpose of this study is to investigate the developments of Seljuk society and how the social structure influences the evolution of pottery in these two periods. With a sociological approach and basic research and based on the nature and method of historical and descriptive-analytical, this research discusses the general and comprehensive knowledge of the influential elements of society on the pottery art of Seljuk period by using historical data through the collection of library documents to enable the social conditions, innovations and trends of this art in the time frame. The result of the research shows that artistic developmen s are always related to their social environment. The results indicate that public access to art and the tendency to depict everyday and realistic subjects after the growth of the middle class and factors such as urbanization, trade, economic status, religious orientation of rulers, imposing their tastes on artists, and the emergence of realistic and popular art among the middle class is one of the most important factors influencing the development and evolution of pottery in the studied period.
The Sources and Meaning of the Term Decency in the Writings of Prince Dmitry Golitsyn on Fine Arts
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Sechin Alexander G.
Published: January 2023

The author focuses on one of the most important terms of normative aesthetics and art, decency, which occupies a prominent place in the writings of Prince Dmitry Golitsyn (1734–1803), devoted to the issues of architecture and fine arts. A detailed study of the origins of decency and the meaning of this concept leads to the identification of three stages in its development, consistently considered with the involvement of both source texts and the works of modern scholars. The first stage was the flourishing of classical ancient Greek art, which corresponds to the concept of τὸ πρέπον, formed in the consciousness and rhetorical culture of Athens. In relation to the fine arts, its importance cannot be overestimated, since decency was not conceived without an adequate and eye-catching external expression of typical images, including their social status and ethical content. Under its influence, a system of canons of European art was born in ancient Greece. The second stage is associated with the Renaissance, when the idea of convenevolezza arises. It was focused on the Classical Antiquity and the appropriate iconographic tradition and therefore had a pronounced retrospective character. Finally, the classicism of the Enlightenment era, or neoclassicism, the time of Golitsyn’s life and work, picks up the baton of the norm in art and the deviations from it made by nature itself. Golitsyn’s interpretation of decency in his treatises and its correct understanding by art historians are important, since these works formed the basis of the Russian doctrine of normative, primarily academic art. Decency in the understanding of the ancient Greeks, Italians of the Renaissance and enlighteners of the 18th century did not completely dissolve in the works of the great and ordinary masters of those distant times. It is invariably revived when it comes to the visualization of traditions, proprieties and various norms within artistic culture, about the artist’s service to the model, the canon.