bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of the Problem-Based Learning Model on the Science Learning Motivation of Class IV Students at SDN Inpres 1 Birobuli
Authors: Ni Made Riawati  , Azizah  , Sri Wahyuni  , Yusdin Bin M. Gagaramusu
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the problem-based learning model on the science learning motivation of class IV students at SDN Inpres 1 Birobuli. The type of research used is quantitative research using an experimental method approach. The design of this research is quasi-experimental. The form of design used in this research is a non-equivalent control group design which consists of an experimental group and a control group. The sample in this study was class IV students at SDN Inpres 1 Birobuli, totaling 52 people, class IV A as the control class, totaling 26 students, and class IV B as the experimental class, totaling 26 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire used to measure motivation to learn science which has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis uses prerequisite tests, namely the normality test and homogeneity test as well as hypothesis testing using the Independent Sample t-test which is analyzed with the help of the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program. Based on the research results, it shows a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < alpha value 0.05. Because of the sign value. 0.000 < 0.05 then accepts the Ha hypothesis and rejects Ho. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of the problem-based learning model on the science learning motivation of class IV students at SDN Inpres 1 Birobuli.
The Effect Of Waste Management On People’s Knowledge Level (Case Study In The City Of Yogyakarta)
Authors: Arsanti Vidyana , Sekarsih Fitria Nuraini
Published: August 2024

The Total population in the city of Yogyakarta in 2022 is 376 324 people, with a population density of 11 579 people/km2. The population will impact the amount of waste produced, especially household waste. Household-scale waste management is considered the most effective in reducing the waste handled by the Yogyakarta City government. So that it is essential to socialize waste management activities by providing counseling on how to sort organic and inorganic waste, how to make organic waste into compost, and inorganic waste using the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Disposal (3R + 1 D) method and the Waste Bank program. People in Yogyakarta City curly know how much waste management affects the public knowledge level. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of waste management on the level of public knowledge. The research method used quantitative descriptive research with the interview and questionnaire. Respondents have participated in the socialization of waste management in Yogyakarta City. The result of the research is that the effect of waste management will increase the knowledge of the people of Yogyakarta City. Public knowledge will also increase community habits and behavior in waste management using the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Disposal (3R + 1 D) and the Waste Bank program spread in Yogyakarta City 448 spread on 14 sub-districts.
Vulnerability to ARI and Diarrhea after Disaster
Authors: Desfianingsih Astri Desfianingsih , Alim Saputra Iwan , Rahmawati
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted in shelters in two sub-districts, namely Mantikulore and Ulujadi sub-districts, with the aim of describing the level of ARI and diarrhea vulnerability after the disaster (especially shelters in Mantikulore and Ulujadi sub-districts). This research uses weighting scoring method and image interpretation method. The population in this study was 1,138 families from temporary shelters in the two sub-districts, with a sample size of 114 families. Meanwhile, the technique used to obtain samples is quato sampling. The results obtained are (1) In the parameter of ARI sufferers and the parameter of the use of anti-mosquito coils, it can be seen that most respondents fall into the classification of the class not vulnerable. On the parameter of the physical environment of the shelter (number of shelter members and ventilation area), all shelters are classified as highly vulnerable. On the smoking habit parameter, it can be seen that most respondents fall into the highly vulnerable class classification. In the parameter of road area, it can be seen that there are some shelters that are classified as not vulnerable and some are classified as very vulnerable. (2) In the parameter of ARI patients, it can be seen that most respondents are classified as not vulnerable. In the parameter of hand washing before eating and after defecation, it can be seen that all respondents are classified as not vulnerable. For waste management, half of the respondents were classified as vulnerable. In terms of the distance from the shelter to the polling station, it can be seen that all shelters are classified as highly vulnerable.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MADRASAH E-LEARNING MEDIA IN HISTORY SUBJECTS AT MAN 1 PALU CITY
Authors: Windayanti  , Hidayati Siti Zulfa
Published: August 2024

This paper discusses the application of E-learning madrasah in history subjects at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Palu City. This research is a qualitative research. The data collection techniques used were observation, interview, and documentation. Qualitative data analysis uses data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusions. The implementation of e-learning in History learning in class XI IPS students is to do learning planning in advance by making lesson plans in the form of learning materials, methods used to evaluate learning. In the process of learning history there are several stages including first planning, the teacher prepares a draft online lesson plan (RPP), syllabus, then prepares learning materials in the form of PowerPoint (PPT), and assignments. Second, implementation, the teacher uploads the material and conveys the important points only, then continues the question and answer session, and gives independent assignments that are collected according to the deadline or collection deadline. Third, teachers conduct learning evaluations, such as assessments seen from student learning outcomes, student attitudes and seen from learning practices. In addition, the results of research and interviews that have been conducted show that there are two factors that influence the use of E-Learning, namely supporting factors and inhibiting factors.
THE IMPACT OF CELLPHONE USE ON THE LEARNING PROCESS OF PANCASILA AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION STUDENTS AT TADULAKO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ardan Muh , Syuaib Dahlia , Imran
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the perceptions of Civics students about the impact of cellphone use and describe the benefits and negative impacts caused by cellphone use. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were 10 people (6 men and 4 women) of 2018 Class C students. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. This study uses data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the use of cell phones will have a good or bad effect on students depending on the cellphone user. The positive impact is that it can be used as a medium of information, communication, and learning media. The negative impact is that it can affect student concentration in learning, make students lazy to learn, interfere with child development, and also waste. but there are still many students who use cell phones in a negative direction in class during learning. So it is necessary to have a cellphone usage policy for students. Cell phones can only be used in class if the instructor instructs to use them.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Silvia Hamilton, and the Morgan Library Little Prince Manuscript
Authors:   National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Montoneri Bernard
Published: August 2024

Short article with no abstract.
Assessing digital leadership of junior high school principals
Authors: Ofita Cherly , Komariah Aan , Abubakar Abubakar
Published: August 2024

Digital leaders are not necessarily experts in computer programming; rather, they are individuals capable of leveraging information technology to achieve organizational goals in the current era of digitalization. This research analyzes the digital leadership aspects or dimensions of junior high school principals in Sukabumi City, West Java, Indonesia. Specifically, it examines whether the digital leadership of these principals has met the target, is on target, or still falls short in enhancing the digital competence of 21st-century teachers. The study employs a qualitative descriptive design, utilizing interviews and observations as instruments. Data were collected from three junior high schools, involving three principals and nine teachers in Sukabumi City. The qualitative analysis was conducted using Atlas.Ti version 8. The research findings reveal several obstacles in the implementation of digital initiatives, including budget constraints, insufficient digital competence among teachers, and uneven infrastructure, all of which have hindered effectiveness in meeting the targets. Consequently, the study suggests that principal support, increased teacher literacy, and the formation of innovation teams are crucial for effective digital leadership and the successful achievement of school program targets.
Representación social de la violencia familiar en cuatro mujeres residentes de la ciudad de Cali
Authors: Nieto-Olivares Valeria , Vargas Reyes Isabella , Velez-Altahona Luisa Fernanda
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es caracterizar las representaciones sociales de la violencia familiar en cuatro mujeres residentes de la ciudad de Cali. En una investigación de tipo cualitativa con diseño narrativo tópico. La muestra estuvo conformada por cuatro mujeres residentes de la ciudad de Cali. La técnica de obtención de información utilizada fue el grupo focal, con guía de entrevista semiestructurada como instrumento y con un análisis temático como técnica de análisis de la información.
Effect of electro-motor stimulation on the power production of a maximally stretched muscle
Authors: Tachino K , Susaki T , Yamazaki T.
Published: August 2024

The effect of electro-motor stimulation (EMS) upon the increase in power production of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) of healthy individuals in both the maximally stretched (ST group) and shortened (SH group) positions was investigated. The effect of cross-education upon the contralateral muscle was also examined. EMS with a frequency of 50 hertz, a duration of 0.2 miliseconds, and a rectangular wave was applied for ten seconds with a ten-second interval and repeated ten times per day for six weeks. The ST group gained significantly 9.4%, 15.5%, and 16.4% after two, four, and six weeks of stimulation, respectively, while the SH group also showed a significant gain of 5.1%, 8.3%, and 3.0%. When comparing the two groups at the end of the six-week period the ST group's gain was significantly greater. The increase of power production of the unstimulated TA was 5.5%, 8.0%, and 4.3% in the ST group, which was significant at the end of the second and fourth week of stimulation. The SH group, however, registered a non-significant increase of -2.7%, 1.8%, and -1.5%. Comparison between the two groups showed a significant increase in the power production of the unstimulated TA in the ST group commencing the second week.CONCLUSION: EMS of the TA in the maximally stretched position is a more effective way to gain strength.
Risk indicators for low back trouble
Authors: Biering-Sørensen F , Thomsen CE , Hilden J.
Published: August 2024

A general population of 928 men and women aged 30, 40, 50 and 60 years participated in a health survey with emphasis on low back trouble (LBT). In all 135 variables were analysed to identify possible indicators for first-time experience and recurrence or persistence of LBT during a one-year follow-up. Stepwise logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify the most informative combinations of indicators for prediction of LBT. For men, a high risk for recurrence or persistence of LBT was associated with frequent LBT in the past, worsening of the LBT since its onset, sciatica and living alone. For women corresponding risk indicators were: recency of the last LBT episode, waking up during night because of LBT, aggravation of LBT when standing, rumbling of "the stomach" and smoking. The strongest risk indicators for first-time experience of LBT were epigastric pain, daily smoking and low isometric endurance of the back muscles. In addition, hospitalisations for whatever cause and a long distance from home to work showed predictive power for first-time LBT among gainfully employed participants. The results indicate that persons with either recurring or first-time LBT had more health problems and probably lived under a higher psycho-social pressure than those without LBT in the follow-up year.
The Swedish back school in chronic low back pain. Part II. Factors predicting the outcome
Authors: Hurri H.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the study was to analyse the factors predicting the outcome of the Swedish back school and spontaneous recovery in chronic low back pain. The predicting variables describing the treatment group (n = 95) and the control group (n = 93) at the initiation of study included sociodemographic factors, variables related to work, severity of low back pain, and a number of clinical measurements and evaluations. The Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire was used for judging recovery factors. It was found that the best predictor for the outcome of the treatment and for spontaneous recovery was work satisfaction.
Intra-articular temperature measurements after superficial heating
Authors: Weinberger A , Fadilah R , Lev A , Pinkhas J.
Published: August 2024

Superficial heating of the joint is widely used in various rheumatic conditions and is considered as decreasing the intra-articular temperature. This study shows that heating the joint with hot pack significantly increases the articular temperature from 35.2 +/- 1.5 degrees C (mean +/- SD) to 36.4 +/- 1.0 degrees C (p less than 0.001), while intra-cavity temperature of the contralateral unheated knee joint did not change significantly. Since such elevation of temperature of one degree C is liable to enhance the inflammatory process, the use of superficial heating has to be carefully reconsidered in acute and chronic inflammatory joint diseases.
Longterm neuroendocrine and metabolic effects of physical training in intermittent claudication
Authors: Rosfors S , Bygdeman S , Arnetz BB , Lahnborg G , Sköldö L , Eneroth P , Kallner A.
Published: August 2024

Twenty-five elderly patients with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication were prospectively followed during a six-month session of physical training. Neuroendocrine and metabolic patterns as well as effects on walking performance were assessed during the training period. At the initial evaluation there was an inverse association between walking distance and serum cortisol and blood glucose levels. The walking distance increased during the training period. A positive effect on glucose homeostatis was seen with decreased basal fructosamine levels after training. During physical exercise a decrease in insulin and an increase in growth hormone was seen. Changes in growth hormone were, in contrast to insulin, more related to the pain level perceived than to the work load imposed. Apart from the marked effects on physical performance the results of the study suggest an improvement of hormonal and metabolic balance after physical training. This regularly applied exercise program improved the health status of rather old people.
Recovery of function during inpatient rehabilitation for moderate traumatic brain injury
Authors: Sahgal V , Heinemann A.
Published: August 2024

This study evaluated the functional improvement of 189 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program at a National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research--designated Center for traumatic brain injury rehabilitation. Data were comprised of functional ratings reported by therapists in nine disciplines. Improvement in mobility, self-care, communicative, family, nursing, psychological, and recreation functions were observed. The relationship between functional level and length of stay, onset-admission interval, age, sex, education, and work history were examined. The benefits of rehabilitation are supported by this multidimensional study.
A controlled study on the outcome of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain. Part I. Pain, disability, compliance, and reported treatment benefits three months after treatment
Authors: Härkäpää K , Järvikoski A , Mellin G , Hurri H.
Published: August 2024

Outcome of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain was studied in 459 patients (aged 35-54 years, 63% men); 156 inpatients, 150 outpatients and 153 controls. Changes in low back pain and in disability caused by it, and adherence and accomplishment of back exercises were used as short-term outcome criteria. The overall results showed a significant decrease in pain and disability and better compliance in the two treated groups when compared to the controls. There was also a significant difference in treatment gains between the inpatients and outpatients; i.e. the decrease in pain was greater and the frequency of back exercises higher in the inpatients. The inpatients also estimated their treatment benefits more positively than the outpatients.
The long-term prognosis after operation for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Herno A , Airaksinen O , Saari T.
Published: August 2024

The prognosis for patients treated surgically for lumbar spinal stenosis with a minimum follow-up time of 10 years was evaluated. The study group consisted of 102 patients (39 women and 63 men) with a mean age at operation of 52 years and with a mean follow-up time of 12.4 years. The antero-posterior (AP) diameter was equal to or less than 12 mm at the narrowest point on the preoperative lateral myelograms. The results were based on the Oswestry disability score, the severity of pain, the change in pain and the state of depression. According to this score the results were excellent-to-good in 69 patients (68%), the pain was mild in 64 patients (63%), the change in pain was slight in 78 patients (77%), and there was no depression in 55 patients (54%). The pain and the change in pain had a very high correlation in the Oswestry disability score. The pain led to depression more often in the men than in the women. The depression had a much stronger correlation to outcome in the men than in the women.
Comparative efficiency of volume and synaptic transmission in the coerulean system: relevance to neurologic rehabilitation
Authors: Bach-y-Rita P , Smith CU.
Published: August 2024

Over the past few years evidence has accumulated which confirms earlier beliefs that punctate synaptic transmission (wiring transmission) is not the only means by which "informational substances" affect cerebral neurons. This paper considers the relative efficiency of "volume" and "wiring" transmission in controlling large populations of neurons taking as a specific example the mammalian coerulean system. Making reasonable quantitative assumptions it is shown that volume transmission is a more efficient means of controlling "mass" functions than a wiring mode. Implications for the reorganisation of function following brain damage are noted.
Influence of sustained stretch on late muscular responses to magnetic brain stimulation in patients with upper motor neuron lesions
Authors: Hummelsheim H , Münch B , Bütefisch C , Neumann S.
Published: August 2024

Late muscular responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation occur in healthy subjects only in tonically active muscles with a proportional relationship between the amount of the EMG-response and the voluntary innervation strength. In hemiparetic stroke patients late potentials are elicited in chronically spastic hand flexors without voluntary background muscular activity probably reflecting enhanced excitability of spinal alpha-motoneurons in the spastic state. When spastic muscle hypertonus has been diminished by sustained muscle stretch late EMG-potentials are reduced or have disappeared completely. The relation between spastic muscle hypertonus and the late muscular response potentials as well as the possible mechanisms of sustained muscle stretch on the response characteristics to transcranial magnetic stimulation in spastic flexor muscles of the hand are discussed.
Gait analysis of hemiplegic patients by measurement of ground reaction force
Authors: Morita S , Yamamoto H , Furuya K.
Published: August 2024

Ground reaction force during walking was measured and analyzed in 58 patients who had been hemiplegic for more than 6 months. Utilizing the impulse (area between a component curve and the baseline) as an assessment value, several parameters were selected to represent the characteristics of each component curve (vertical, fore-aft and lateral) of the ground reaction force, and correlated with the degree of motor recovery in the patients. As a result, a high correlation was found between these parameters and the degree of motor recovery, indicating that ground reaction force well reflects the degree of motor recovery, which is highly correlated with the gait ability of hemiplegic patients. This evaluation method would also be very helpful for objective and quantitative estimation of the gait of hemiplegic patients.
Intervention design for rehabilitation at home after stroke. A pilot feasibility study
Authors: Widén Holmqvist L , De Pedro-Cuesta J , Holm M , Kostulas V.
Published: August 2024

This study aimed at identifying the characteristics and feasibility of rehabilitation at home for acute stroke patients in south-west Stockholm. A population-based systematic sample of 16 patients, fulfilling defined criteria, was selected from approximately 1/3 of the stroke patients having been in hospital for one week or more at a neurology department, and offered early discharge in combination with home-based rehabilitation as an alternative to sustained rehabilitation in hospital. Fifteen patients, mean age 68.2 years, male/female ratio 9/6, independent in feeding and continent one week after acute stroke, participated in the study. The most important components of the home-based rehabilitation programme were that: 1) one therapist was selected as case-manager using the other therapists on a consultant basis; 2) the training sessions consisted of different task-specific activities, based on the patients' personal interest; 3) education and individual counselling were offered to all spouses; and 4) adherence to structured training between therapy sessions was promoted. The length of such programmes varied from 4 to 19 weeks after discharge and the mean number of home visits was 11. Reported time for training between therapy sessions for 14 patients was mean 1.2 hours per day. The patients' lifestyle activities, personal and instrumental ADL, and motor capacity at 3, 6 and 12 months after stroke, assessed by validated and reliable methods, followed patterns similar to those reported for other stroke patients. The mean time in hospital for patients in the study was 14 days; for patients with similar ADL capacity but not included in the study it was 27 days
The multi-dimensionality of the FIM motor items precludes an interval scaling using Rasch analysis
Authors: Dickson HG , Köhler F.
Published: August 2024

Rasch analysis scaling is said to produce an interval scale of Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor function items. Rasch analysis requires that the data to be analysed represent the influence of a single underlying unidimensional variable. A unidimensional interval scale of activities of daily living means that a person who can perform the most difficult item on a scale can also perform the easiest item. For a FIM motor function interval scale, the ability to climb stairs would imply necessarily and ability to eat normally. As this need not be the case, the FIM motor items do not constitute an adequate interval scale. Eating and walking are different activities, and a unidimensional construct linking them is unsatisfactory. A principal components analysis of the admission FIM motor function items of 515 consecutive patients admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation unit revealed that more than one significant factor was necessary to explain the variance in scores. The counter-factual and statistical evidence argues that a unidimensional construct does not underly the FIM motor function items, and the use of Rasch analysis will not lead to a description of interval properties of the FIM motor function items.
Influence of anthropometric and psychological variables pain and disability on isometric endurance of shoulder abduction in patients with rotator tendinosis of the shoulder
Authors: Brox JI , Brevik JI , Ljunggren AE , Staff PH.
Published: August 2024

Predictors of isometric endurance of shoulder abduction were investigated in 18- to 75-year-old women (n = 59, mean age 48 years) and men (n = 53, mean age 46 years) with unilateral rotator tendinosis of the shoulder (median duration 1-2 years). They were asked to keep both shoulders abducted at 45 degrees, both wrists loaded with 2 kg, for as long as possible. The average force exerted to keep the required position was 17% higher in men compared to women. Mean times to exhaustion were: 103 seconds (SD 109) for the involved shoulder and 160 seconds (SD 81) for the uninvolved shoulder in women; compared to 159 seconds (SD 109) and 289 seconds (SD 109) in men. Increased pain, emotional distress and disability were associated with decreased endurance in the involved shoulder. Gender and emotional distress were the most powerful predictors of time to exhaustion in the uninvolved shoulder, and accounted for 41.7% of the total variance (R2). Age, body weight, self-efficacy for pain and active coping were poor predictors. This study indicates that isometric endurance is a psychophysiological measure in patients with shoulder pain. Reported pain, emotional distress and disability should be taken into account for interpretation of results.
Connection between smoking and back pain--findings from an Icelandic general population study
Authors: Líndal E , Stefánsson JG.
Published: August 2024

The association between pain in general, back pain and smoking was studied in a sample of subjects from the general public (n = 862). The results show that smoking men had pain problems more frequently than women (p < 0.0001). In comparison with non-smokers, smokers were found to have back pains more frequently (p < 0.01). Male smokers were also found to have a higher frequency of intervertebral disc problems than female smokers (p < 0.009). The frequency of disc problems encountered by the smoking subjects indicates a possible connection between smoking and back pain.
Effects of repeated sensory stimulation sessions (electro-acupuncture) on skin temperature in chronic pain patients
Authors: Dyrehag LE , Widerström-Noga EG , Carlsson SG , Andersson SA.
Published: August 2024

Changes in skin temperature and haemodynamics were studied during experimentally administered electro-acupuncture before and after a 4-week period of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatments. Subjective pain intensity was evaluated using a pain questionnaire. Twelve patients with long-lasting nociceptive pain were included. Before clinical treatment, skin temperature tended to decrease after 30 minutes' stimulation. In contrast, a significant increase was seen after the clinical treatment. No significant changes were seen for blood pressure, heart rate or pain intensity before and after the clinical treatment. The data indicate that an increased skin vasoconstrictor sympathetic activity may be responsible for the decreased skin temperature during the electro-acupuncture in the initial test sessions, whereas an inhibition of skin sympathetic activity and/or a release of vasodilatory substances may be responsible for the increase in temperature after completed clinical treatment. Despite a small number of subjects and correction for multiple inference, the difference in temperature effects before and up to 3 months after acupuncture treatment was significant.
Relationships between torque, velocity and power output during plantarflexion in healthy subjects
Authors: Nadeau S , Gravel D , Arsenault AB.
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the relationships existing between torque, velocity and power output during plantarflexion. Using a Biodex dynamometric system, 15 healthy subjects performed three maximal dynamic tests, ranging from -12 degrees (-0.209 rad) of dorsiflexion to +47 degrees (+0.818 rad) of plantarflexion and one static test (test 4) at an angle of +10 degrees (+0.174 rad). The dynamic assessment included a 30 degrees s-1 (0.52 rad s-1) concentric isokinetic test (test 1) preceded by a 2-sec maximal pre-loading contraction. The other two dynamic tests were performed using the isotonic mode of testing with a selected torque of 27 N m; one of these tests was executed with pre-loading (test 2) while the other was performed without pre-loading (test 3). The results indicated that the dynamic peak torque, the peak power and the peak velocity were obtained in test 1, test 2 and test 3, respectively. These peak values, as well as the values of torque (test 1 and test 4), power (test 2) and velocity (test 3) obtained at a constant angle +10 degrees (+0.174 rad), were selected for the correlation analyses. The results showed that the torque, velocity and power output during plantarflexion were linearly related to one another with significant correlations (0.71 < r < 0.92; p < 0.01). This finding suggests that a common factor of muscular performance is assessed. Furthermore, these results indicated that the maximal torque produced by a subject can be predictive of his or her maximal velocity and power. Consequently, a stronger subject can generate higher velocity and power than a weaker subject when tested with the same load during maximal effort.
Comorbidity of personality disorders and major depression in patients with somatoform pain disorders or medical illnesses with long-standing work disability
Authors: Ekselius L , Eriksson M , Von Knorring L , Linder J.
Published: August 2024

The comorbidity between major depression and personality disorders in patients with long-standing work disability at a rehabilitation clinic was investigated. Sixty patients with a somatoform pain disorder and 66 patients with different medical illnesses were assessed by means of a self rating scale for major depression, and the SCID screen personality disorder questionnaire. In the total series, 27% of the patients had a diagnosis of major depression and 34.9% had at least one personality disorder. Personality disorders were significantly more common in patients with medical illness than in patients with a somatoform pain disorder. There was a high frequency of comorbidity between major depression and personality disorders, especially borderline and avoidant personality disorders. If this is due to a common pathogenetic mechanism, it could explain why SSRIs are effective in both depression and some personality disorders.
Diagnostic blocks of the tibial nerve in spastic hemiparesis. Effects on clinical, electrophysiological and gait parameters
Authors: Arendzen JH Van Duijn H
Published: August 2024

The value of a diagnostic block (DB) of the tibial nerve in 17 hemiparetic patients with gait disturbances was investigated. The purpose of this study was to find instruments that help to select patients who will benefit from a long lasting peripheral nerve block. The manually elicited ankle clonus and its abolition after injection of a local anaesthetic appeared to be a useful clinical test for the efficacy of DB. Electrophysiological tests proved valuable when DB failed to produce clinical effects. With a substantial number of blocked nerve fibres walking velocity did not deteriorate. Transient disturbances in sensation can be regarded as unwanted side effects that might adversely affect the walking ability. From the different aspects of gait an improved heelcontact demonstrated the functional gain in patients with a dynamic equinus foot. To differentiate between a dynamic equinus foot and fixed contractures, we recommend the use of a fast acting local anaesthetic for diagnostic nerve blocks.
Does group gymnastics at the workplace help in neck pain? A controlled study
Authors: Takala EP , Viikari-Juntura E , Tynkkynen EM.
Published: August 2024

The effects of group gymnastics on neck pain were studied among 44 women in a printing company. A randomized cross-over design was used with two groups matched according to the work task, frequency of symptoms, and age. The treatment consisted of gymnastics for 45 min once a week for 10 weeks. Neck pain was rated by visual analogue scale and pressure pain sensitivity of the neck muscles was measured with an algometer. The results showed no clear effects of the group gymnastics program. An equal and significant reduction in pain ratings was seen in both groups after the first intervention in the spring. Recurrence of symptoms was seen in both groups in September, and no significant reduction in pain occurred during the second intervention in the autumn. The results suggest a seasonal variation in neck symptoms which has to be considered when planning or evaluating intervention studies.
Can high-risk patients after myocardial infarction participate in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation?
Authors: Hedbäck B , Perk J.
Published: August 2024

Patients with large transmural infarctions (MI) and signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) are often excluded from physical training, because of the risk of malignant arrhythmia or cardiac overloading. From a non-selected MI population less than 65 years we enrolled 37 high-risk patients in a two-year comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programme, including health education, follow-up at a post-MI clinic, and physical training in outpatient groups. The feasibility, effectiveness and safety of the physical training were evaluated: Twenty-one patients joined the physical training and participated with excellent compliance, reaching the preset levels of training. No adverse effects occurred during the 921 training sessions. The high-risk patients were compared with the remaining 228 patients and a subgroup of 86 low-risk patients with regard to mortality, morbidity, medication, effect on risk factors, exercise test performance and rate of return to work. The high-risk group showed a higher mortality (27.0 vs. 10.4%, p less than 0.05), a lower maximal work capacity at the exercise test 4 months after MI (126 W vs. 140 W, p less than 0.05), and a lower rate of early return to work (22.6 vs. 50% p less than 0.01) when compare with the low risk group. However, they showed a similar improvement in exercise test parameters. At the end of the programme a remarkable 63% had returned to work vs. 48.2% of the remaining patients. The reduction in smoking and the effect on blood pressure were equal in both groups. It is concluded that high-risk patients may well benefit from regular physical training in outpatient groups, if adequate medical supervision is available.
Physiological concomitants of an "autonomous day programme" in geriatric day care
Authors: Lökk J Theorell T
Published: August 2024

Sixty-five geriatric patients with a mean age of 74 years (range 61-90) who were referred to the day care unit of a geriatric hospital were randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group in groups of 5-8 patients, respectively. Controls were cared for according to usual routines. Patients in the experimental groups were subject to a new organizational routine. These patient groups constituted a forum for discussion and definition of individual treatment goals. Patients in the experimental and control conditions were observed before as well as 6, 12 and 24 weeks after the start of the treatment, which lasted for twelve weeks. Patients in the intervention programme had significantly lower plasma prolactin levels following the initiation of the programme than patients in the control group. According to literature, an absence of a plasma prolactin elevation during a crisis period may indicate active coping. Such a conclusion was supported by other observations in the study which indicated a progressively more internalized locus of control in the experimental group.
Compensatory muscle activity for sitting posture during upper extremity task performance in paraplegic persons
Authors: Seelen HA Vuurman EF.
Published: August 2024

Compensation for the loss of postural activity of the erector spinae (ES) muscle in spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects was investigated. All SCI subjects had clinically complete lesions below the T3 level. Body disbalance was invoked by requiring sitting subjects to execute reaching movements over individually predetermined distances in a horizontal plane. Myoelectric activity of the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle and the trapezius pars ascendens (TPA) muscle both in the SCI subjects and in controls was recorded. The body disbalance was measured in terms of changes in the position of the body centre of gravity. The effects of anticipation for body displacement were examined by cuing the direction of the reaching movement. Our results indicate that paraplegic subjects use both LD and TPA to stabilize their sitting posture, in contrast to non-disabled persons. Secondly, the movement anticipation is in general slower in persons with paraplegia. Furthermore, the paraplegic subjects showed considerable impairments concerning the processing of precued information prior to a goal-directed upper extremity movement.
Reproducibility of isokinetic muscle strength measurements in normal and arthritic individuals
Authors: Giles B , Henke P , Edmonds J , McNeil D.
Published: August 2024

The serial reproducibility of an individual's isokinetic torque was assessed in order to establish a reliable baseline value for future comparison. Thirty-two controls and twenty arthritic patients were tested for their peak isokinetic torque on knee flexion and extension and hip flexion at three velocities on five occasions, at fortnightly intervals. The first test was found to provide a reliable baseline for controls and subjects who could generate a peak torque of 54 Newton meters (Nm) or more. The second test was found to be more representative of the series for groups containing weaker subjects. Variation related to torque: for subjects who generate a peak torque of 54 Nm or more, a range of +/- 20% accommodates the variability of 95% of tests. We conclude that a +/- 20% range applied to either the first or second test, depending on the nature of the group to be studied, serves as a representative baseline value.
The Antarctic Continent: a geostrategic interest of the Colombian State
Authors:   Escuela Superior de Guerra, Baquero Valdés Fabio , Conde Mesa Javier Hernando ,   Escuela Superior de Guerra, Montero Moncada Luis Alexander ,   Escuela Superior de Guerra, Forero Hauzeur Juan Camilo ,   CCO
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research article is to determine the geostrategic relevance for the Colombian State, reflected in policies, research and institutional architecture that covers the Antarctic continent. The argumentation and analysis are supported by primary and secondary sources, which allow visualizing the characteristics, conditions, contributions and projection of Colombia in the Antarctic Treaty System. As a working hypothesis, Colombia has identified Antarctica as part of a geostrategic interest -from a humanistic and investigative perspective- and has deployed a series of institutional efforts in the last 30 years to approach the understanding of the region. As conclusions, there is a clear oceanic, aerial, cyberspace, space, climatic and biological connection between Colombia, represented in public institutions -such as the Foreign Ministry and the Military Forces- and educational institutions -such as universities and research centers- and the Antarctica, inserting it in this way as a geostrategic interest of the country
Extraction of lanceolate imagery for analysis of mangrove extent and shoreline changes
Authors:   Department of Marine Science, Mubarak Maellynia Mustofa , Efriyeldi Rifardi ,   Department of Marine Science, Syahputra Romi ,   Department of Physics, University Muhammadiyah Riau
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the area of Topang Island's mangrove forest, an area experiencing extreme line changes and the magnitude of the coastline change rate from 1991 to 2021 on Topang Island, Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province. The method used in this research is remote sensing and field survey. The data obtained were discussed descriptively. The results found that the calculation of wave height prediction on the coast of Topang Island was included in the low category with an average height of 0.12 meters. The research area is dominated by abrasion, based on visual observations, Topang Island has a type of peat and muddy beach. The area of mangroves on Topang Island from 2001 to 2021 saw a big change, either adding or reducing the area of mangroves. Topang Island experienced the worst abrasion in the eastern part with an average abrasion rate of 6.13 m/year, and accretion in the western part with an average accretion rate of 0.62 m/year.
The Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm in the Indonesian Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Yuliati Lilis , Adenan Moh. , Prianto Fajar Wahyu , Wibisono Sunlip , Komariyah Siti
Published: August 2024

This study examines the structure, conduct, and performance (SCP) of the Indonesian manufacturing industry, contributing the most to the national economy from 2017 to 2021. The research employed SCP analysis, which entails evaluating market concentration using the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI) and analyzing market performance and industry behavior utilizing literature reviews. Based on Indonesian Central Statistics Agency groupings, the sample data covers 23 sub-sectors of the manufacturing industry. The results of the HHI calculations also show that the concentration of the manufacturing industry market is at a moderate level, mergers and acquisitions that result in moderate market concentration of HHI enhancements will raise anti-competitive concerns and will require further analysis and often require scrutiny. Hence, requiring proper supervision and strategy in developing competitiveness amidst global uncertainty. The conduct and performance of the manufacturing industry show an effort to grow better amid fairly tight global competition. Therefore, it is necessary for a number of parties to play a part in boosting productivity and the competitiveness of goods produced by the manufacturing sector. Governments should reduce their direct intervention in the market by implementing industrial policies and seeking market-oriented policy means to influence the economy.
Energy Consumption and Government Policy in Addressing the Rising Fuel Oil Prices
Authors: Istiqomah Nurul , Mafruhah Izza , Wilyawati Arieska Kurnia , Mayasari Febi , Salleh Norlida Hanim Mohd
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of economic growth, per capita income, world oil prices and the amount of subsidies on energy consumption in Indonesia both in the short and long term. As well as knowing the policies carried out by the government to overcome the increase in fuel prices. The data used is secondary data from 1972 - 2022 and analyzed using ECM Domowitz-El Badawi and Atlas.ti which is used to organize, explore and analyze data on policies made by the government to overcome rising fuel prices. The analysis shows that economic growth, per capita income and the size of subsidies have a long-run effect on energy consumption, while world oil prices have both a short and long-run effect on energy consumption. The reduction of subsidies that caused fuel prices to increase had both positive and negative effects on society, and the government made several policy efforts to overcome the turmoil that existed in the community. Among them are adjusting fuel prices and prices of other affected goods, limiting ownership of motorized vehicles, maintaining a stable supply of fuel in the long term and increasing supervision and enforcement in fuel abuse.
Optimizing the Role of Community-Based Enterprises to Improve Performance and Competitiveness in Indonesia
Authors: Nihayah Dyah Maya , Pujiati Amin , Rahman Yosi Aulia , Nihayah Annis Nurfitriana , Nursaidah Nursaidah , Damayanti Anggita , Ridzuan Abdul Rahim
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify the characteristics and roles of the village-owned enterprises (BUMDES) model and determine the appropriate development strategy to improve performance and competitiveness. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. Data were taken from key persons the director of BUMDES, village officials, and the community as BUMDES partners in Semarang Regency. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti and Analytical Networking Process (ANP) methods. The results show that BUMDES in Semarang Regency leads to the community-based enterprises (CBE) model than social enterprises because some of the characteristics they have to include the purpose of establishing BUMDES is to contribute to the village economy through the village income (PADes), improving the welfare of rural communities; BUMDES strategy to gain profits, and have strong social capital. Strategies to improve attractive marketing techniques and increase competence through joint training and mentoring are top priorities to improve performance and competitiveness. The limitation of the study is the sample should include the differentiated BUMDES based on village typology so that models and behavior can be identified according to their respective roots.
PROFIL EFIKASI DIRI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN KIMIA DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Mahartika Ira , Afrianis Neti , Okmarisa Heppy
Published: August 2024

Efikasi diri akademik diperlukan oleh mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan studinya dengan baik. Efikasi diri akademik menjadi prediktor terhadap kemampuan berfikir kritis, kinerja akademik, dan ketahanan akademik mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan studinya. Oleh karenanya, perlu diketahui profil efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan profil akademik mahasiswa pendidikan kimia di Kota Pekanbaru.  Sampel adalah mahasiswa pendidikan kimia semester 1 sampai 14 di Kota Pekanbaru yang dipilih menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa pendidikan kimia di Kota Pekanbaru adalah tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa pendidikan kimia percaya bahwa mereka mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan akademiknya secara baik dengan kemampuan diri sendiri maupun dengan melibatkan dengan bantuan orang lain. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan efikasi diri akademik mahasiswa ditinjau dari asal universitas dan tingkatan mahasiswa.