bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DINAMIKA KARAKTERISTIK KOMITE AUDIT PADA AUDIT REPORT LAG
Authors: Arie Susandya Anak Agung Putu Gede Bagus Arie Putu Gede Bagus , Suryandari Ni Nyoman Ayu
Published: September 2021

This study examines the role of the audit committee on audit report lag. The sample in this study was taken from all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample selection method using the purposive sampling method. By using multiple regression analysis techniques, it is found that the competence of the audit committee, number of members of the audit committee has a negative effect on the audit report lag. The higher the intensity of the audit committee meeting, the earlier financial reporting supervision occurs. High quality of financial reporting makes the audit period of the financial report audit shorter. The independence of the audit committee does not appear to affects the audit report lag. This is because the object of the examination of the financial statements itself is the annual report. On the other hand, the gender of the female audit committee has a negative effect on the audit report lag. The existence of female gender in the composition of the audit committee plays an important role in shortening the period for completion of audits by independent auditors.Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang peran komite audit terhadap audit report lag. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dari seluruh perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda diketahui bahwa kompetensi komite audit, jumlah anggota komite audit berpengaruh negatif terhadap audit report lag. Semakin tinggi intensitas rapat komite audit, maka semakin dini pengawasan pelaporan keuangan terjadi. Kualitas pelaporan keuangan yang tinggi membuat periode audit laporan keuangan menjadi lebih singkat. Independensi komite audit tampaknya tidak mempengaruhi audit report lag. Hal ini dikarenakan objek pemeriksaan laporan keuangan itu sendiri adalah laporan tahunan. Di sisi lain, jenis kelamin komite audit perempuan memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap lag laporan audit. Keberadaan gender perempuan dalam komposisi komite audit berperan penting dalam mempersingkat jangka waktu penyelesaian audit oleh auditor independen.
Análisis exploratorio de las diferencias en el consumo de vino entre las generaciones X e Y: el caso de Tenerife
Authors: Romero Rodríguez Margarita Esther , Rodríguez-Donate María Carolina , Cano-Fernández Víctor Javier , Guirao-Pérez Ginés
Published: September 2021

La edad del individuo se ha revelado como uno de los rasgos que conducen a comportamientos más diferenciados respecto al consumo de vino. De hecho, los más jóvenes suelen consumir menos y muestran un comportamiento diferenciado entre generaciones. A partir de dos encuestas exhaustivas realizadas en Tenerife en un período de 13 años se realiza un análisis comparativo de carácter exploratorio de los rasgos sociodemográficos, hábitos y preferencias de los consumidores pertenecientes a las generaciones X e Y. Los resultados muestran similitudes entre generaciones y ciertas diferencias respecto a algunos rasgos que resultan de interés para diseñar estrategias de marketing.
Analysis of the Factors Affecting Bank Profitability: Evidence of Tanzania Commercial Banks
Authors: Estrada Ngweshemi Lisa , Zhakanova Isiksal Aliya
Published: September 2021

Only a successful and consistent banking sector can play the role of financial intermediary in the economy properly. As an intermediary in the modern economy, the bank must be profitable. The general aim of this study focuses on analyzing the factors that influence the profitability of private and public commercial banks in Tanzania. By the use of annual time series internal and external data for the period 2013 to 2019, and a quantitative approach methodology using GMM technique analysis of the impact of the selected determinants was made. The results from bank-internal variables comprised of four statistically significant variables which are capital adequacy, asset quality, loan composition, and cost efficiency while the rest is insignificant. Likewise, the macro-economic determining factors (growth domestic product (GDP) and inflation rate) were found to be non-significant. The empirical results have shown that profitability is more explained by bank-specific determinants that are directly controlled by the management than the macroeconomic factor variables which are beyond the reach of management control.
Exchange Rate, Stock Price and Trade Volume in US-China Trade War during COVID-19: An Empirical Study
Authors: Shaikh Erum , Mishra Vandita , Ahmed Farhan , Krishnan Deepika , Dagar Vishal
Published: September 2021

This article aims to examine the influence of international trade wars on the majority of stock market operations, both directly and indirectly affected. The impact of the trade war on the exchange rates of the participating countries was similarly negative. This article seeks to trace the conversion standards' footprints in the United States, China, and India using several indexes such as the Shanghai Composite Index, Dow Jones index, and Nifty 50. The cost of closing down various indices on a daily basis, as well as the conversion standard upsides of the participating currencies, are all examined in this study. Furthermore, utilizing the OLS and GARCH models, this work provides insights into measuring the uncertainties about the impact of exchanging scale on financial exchange. According to the findings of OLS, changes in the swapping scale have had a minor impact on the daily closing costs of stock records in the individual countries. The conversion standard, on the other hand, has a major impact on trade volumes in all three stock markets. When compared to the SSE and DJI equities, the GARCH model predicts that the contingent shift will be less shocking, resulting in a smaller impact on Nifty trade volume. To replicate the impact of trade wars during the Covid-19 crisis, the final results imply that data from domestic and international financial transactions must include securities market transactions.
Pengaruh Komitmen Profesi dan Perilaku Etis Terhadap Pencegahan Fraud
Authors: Sabirin Sabirin
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh komitmen profesi danprilaku etis terhadap pencegahan fraud Pada PT XXX di Kota Pontianak. Penilitian inibersifat kausal (causal research). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primerberupa kuesioner.Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh karyawan yang ada di PT XXX yaitusejumlah 8.762 karyawan. Adapun, metode pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakansimple random sampling. Berdasarkan perhitungan terpilih sampel dalam penelitian iniadalah sejumlah 383 responden. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis statistikdeskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitianmenunjukan bahwa variabel komitmen profesi dan perilaku etis berpengaruh positif dansiginifikan terhadap pencegahan fraud yang artinya semakin tinggi Komitmen Profesi,dan semakin baiknya prilaku etis karyawan maka semakin baik pula pencegahan fraud.Kata Kunci : Komitmen Profesi, Prilaku Etis dan Pencegahan Fraud.
A Comparison between the Outcomes of Direct Anterior and Posterior Approaches for Rates of Dislocation and Infection in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Ahmed Zohair M. , Mahmud Hamid A. , Rasul Imad M.
Published: September 2021

Background: Direct anterior hip replacement is a slightly aggressive surgical procedure but potentially widespread. It involves opening on the front of the hip to allow the joint to be substituted by moving muscles aside along their ordinary tissue planes without removing any tendons. Nevertheless, there is diminutive consent concerning the threats and profits of this method compared to the posterior approach (PA) regarding the rates of dislocation and infection. Methods: This research is a prospective study conducted in Erbil city from September 2015 to September 2017 on 57 patients, including 28 females and 29 males, with primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Twenty-nine patients were enrolled in the direct anterior approach (DAA: First group), and 28 patients were registered in the PA group (PA: Second group). Their age ranged between 49 and 80 years, and the regular follow-up was 12 months for all patients. Results: It was found that using the DAA, there was a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower incidence rate of dislocation in patients undergoing THA than the PA. No significant difference in the rates of infection was noticed between both groups. However, slightly shorter operational time and extent of the incision were noticed in the DAA group, and less blood loss was found in the PA group (non-significant). Conclusion: We realized that DAA has a clear advantage over PA regarding the lower incidence in the dislocation risk and without variance in the infection rates.
BELIEFS DAN PROFIL PEMBELAJARAN GURU MATEMATIKA SAMPEL STUDI TIMSS 2011 KELAS VIII
Authors: Sunawan Ade , Suryadi Didi , Rosjanuardi Rizki
Published: September 2021

Standar kompetensi mata pelajaran matematika jenjang SMP menekankan kemampuan siswa mulai dari memahami konsep sampai dengan bernalar. Namun kenyataannya, berdasarkan hasil TIMSS 2011 mata pelajaran matematika kelas VIII, siswa Indonesia umumnya menunjukkan kemampuan yang baru mencapai low international benchmark, dan belum mampu bernalar dengan baik. Oleh karenanya penting untuk menemukan bukti empiris mengenai faktor-faktor kontribusi terhadap pencapaian siswa dalam TIMSS 2011 yang ditinjau dari beliefs dan profil mengajar guru. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan desain studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah 3 orang guru dari sekolah berbeda yang siswanya menjadi sampel studi TIMSS 2011 dengan capaian mewakili skor 500-550, 400-500, dan lebih kecil dari 400, serta berturut-turut disebut GSC, GSA, dan GSB. Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) GSC memiliki beliefs system tentang sifat dasar pendidikan matematika yang vulgar, sedangkan GSA dan GSB adalah critical; (2) GSC memperlihatkan konsistenasi antara beliefs dengan profil pembelajarannya, sedangkan GSA dan GSB menunjukkan kondisi yang berbeda.Kata kunci: Beliefs, matematika, profil pembelajaran, TIMSS 2011-kelas VIII
Significados y retos de la Terapia Ocupacional en cuidados paliativos: una perspectiva desde la experiencia práctica estudiantil
Authors: Baena Leal Damian Alexander , Rojas Pulido Paola Alejandra , Díaz Cubillos Nohora Stella , León Perilla Viviana Marcela , Duarte Torres Sylvia Cristina
Published: September 2021

Los cuidados paliativos buscan impactar en el bienestar de las personas que cursan una condición de salud crónico-degenerativa u otras que acorten su esperanza de vida. Considerando la escasez de terapeutas ocupacionales con formación en esta especialidad en Colombia y otros países, este artículo presenta reflexiones sobre los significados y retos que planteó a dos estudiantes de pregrado en Terapia Ocupacional y sus docentes, su experiencia en una práctica formativa en cuidados paliativos con personas adultas y adultas mayores hospitalizadas. Enlazando la subjetividad de cada estudiante con este contexto surgieron cinco ejes alrededor de los cuales se desarrolla el texto: relación terapéutica; ocupación significativa y espiritualidad; fatiga por compasión; reflexiones éticas, y formación profesional. Se concluye que en la formación de terapeutas ocupacionales es necesario implementar estrategias pedagógicas que enriquezcan el hacer humanizado, ético, crítico y centrado en la persona.
Evaluation of the response to the prone position in patients awake with COVID-19
Authors: Rangel Nunes Paula , Fernandes Soares Giovanna , Jesus Carlos Marcelo , Barbirato Chicayban Patricia , Matos Chicayban Luciano
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 has a high mortality, as patients who progress to intubation have poor results. The prone position in awake patients can reduce discomfort and the rate of ICU stay. To evaluate the acute effects of the types of responses to the prone position in awake patients with COVID-19. Prospective single-center study with 32 patients awake with COVID-19 with supplemental oxygen. The response to the prone position was performed for 30 minutes. After the test, they were instructed to remain in PP daily, according to tolerance. The SpO2 variables, heart rate, respiratory rate, ROX index and ICU admission rate were recorded. Twenty-five patients (78.1%) responded to PP, 13 (40.6%) had a persistente response and 12 (37.5%) had a transient response. 7 patients (21.9%) did not respond. Patients with persistent and transient responses increased SpO2 (p<0.001), ROX index (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and reduced heart rate (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively) and respiratory (p=0.003 and p=0.001, respectively), compared to the pre. There was no difference in all variables in patients who did not respond to PP. The ICU admission rate of patients who had persistent, transient or non-responders was 30.8% (4/13), 41.7% (5/12) and 57.1% (4/7), respectively. Patients who responded to PP had reduced heart and respiratory rates, increased ROX index. There was no difference in admission rate.
Effects of face mask use on exercise during the covid-19 pandemic: the principal component analysis (PCA)
Authors: Priscila Porreca Paloma , Jeronymo Uébe Mansur Mayara , Paes Dias Gonçalves Victor , Vieira Bolckau Miranda Bárbara , Ribeiro Monteiro Marlana
Published: September 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic also raised questions about the practice of physical activity using a face mask and how this would affect breathing and performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using a tissue face mask recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the variation of heart rate (HR), minute volume (VE), and muscle O 2 saturation (SO 2 m) parameters during performing the incremental load exercise and verifying the maximum time obtained at the end of the exercise. A 21-year-old male, 85 kg of total body mass and 1.68 m of height were selected. The individual performed an incremental load test to maximum exhaustion on the XT cycle ergometer (TRG Fitness ®️ ) in two moments: No mask -Control (C); Cloth Mask (CM). The individual was instructed to maintain a cadence of 61-65 rpm and every 2 minutes a load of 30.8 watts was added until maximum exhaustion. A ventilometer VO2 Pro (Cefise ®️ ) and a near infrared spectroscopy sensor (Moxy ®️ ) were used, placed in the vastus lateralis muscle of the right leg.Data were analyzed every 20% of the total time (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%) under conditions C and CM. The parameters of HR, VE and SO 2 m were monitored throughout the test and the data were statistically processed by a software (Origin Pro ®️ 3.226) using a multivariate analysis technique (Principal Component Analysis -PCA) to analyze interrelationships between the variables. In test condition C, an eigenvalue of 2.979 was observed with two variables (VE and SO 2 m) associated with greater variation (PC1). The maximum time obtained at the end of the test was 1535 seconds. In the CM condition, na eigenvalue of 2.881 was observed with two variables (HR and SO 2 m) associated with greater variation (PC1). The maximum time obtained at the end of the test was1330 seconds. It is concluded that the use of CM reduces VE variation, which may be associated with greater airflow resistance. The greatest variation observed in HR was due to the use of CM, impacting the delay in the appearance of the plateau. In addition, the use of a tissue mask recommended by the WHO reduces the maximum exercise time performed on the cycle ergometer in a healthy individual. These findings are useful for evaluating the effects of using CM in high-performance sports. Additional studies in the elderly and people with lung or heart disease are needed.
Bronchial hygiene technique in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Gomes Vieira Carvalho Thainá , Mothé de Souza Joyce , Haddad Pessanha Rangel Elisa , Gomes Muniz Caio , Maia de Azevedo Julia Maria , Matos Chicayban Luciano
Published: September 2021

Cystic Fibrosis is characterized by excess pulmonary secretions that cause recurrent respiratory infections, with consequent deterioration of gas exchange. Bronchial hygiene techniques aim to mobilize secretions from the peripheral airways so that they can be eliminated by coughing or tracheal aspiration. To identify the effects of different bronchial hygiene techniques on improving lung function in patients with Cystic Fibrosis. Through a systematic review of the literature, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2007 and 2021 were selected, according to the highest score in the PEDro score. The search involved the PEDro and PubMed databases, using the following keywords: bronchial hygiene. Six ECR`s were included. One study performedthe techniques during anesthesia and observed increased resistance and reduced compliance. Regarding FEV1, 3 RCTs with hospitalized patients showed improvement in lung function, regardless of the technique used. In outpatients, there was no improvement. Regarding secretion weight, the cough machine produced more secretion than autogenous drainage, as well as a drop in saturation after the 2-min walk test, and increased FEV1. Bronchial hygiene techniques in patients with cystic fibrosis have been shown to be effective in removing mucus, with consequent improvement in lung function and aerobic fitness.
Dry needling in the deactivation of myofascial trigger points
Authors: Cruz Elaine , Rodrigues Martins Davi , Amaral Richarlison , Manhães Rodrigo , Almeida Soares Mairkon
Published: September 2021

Dry Needling (DN) is a technique indicated to treat injuries of muscle origin and widely used in the deactivation of myofascial trigger points (PGMs). Its application almost always produces immediate effect, decreasing pain and increasing range of motion. The main objective of the present study was to verify the effectiveness of Dry Needling in the deactivation of myofascial trigger points. A search was carried out through three distinct databases and 10 articles dating from the last ten years were selected, with a score greater than or equal to six, in the classification of the PEDro platform (Physiotherapy Evidence Database). All selected articles were classified as randomized controlled trials, where eight are blind randomized clinical trials and two double blind randomized clinical trials. Outcomes ranged from decreased trigger points, increased range of motion, pain intensity and pain pressure threshold. The studies included in this review suggest that Dry Needling has a fundamental role in the treatment of PGMs, mainly increasing the pressure pain threshold, thus suggesting trigger point deactivation.
Neonatal mortality: the profile of deaths in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Soares Bicalho Thamires , Ferreira Ana Paula , Azevedo da Hora Larissa , Lastorina Rios Roberta , de Castro Palermo Thaís Aparecida , Magalhães Santos Carolina
Published: September 2021

Deaths that occur up to 27 days of life are related to maternal and child health. However, the health of the mother-child binomial is built from the beginning of family planning, the responsibility of prenatal care; the technical conduction of childbirth and postpartum with a sensitive observation of the first hours of life. In professional practice, death is classified as earlyand late depending on the postpartum survival time, with Brazilian indicators revealing 53.2% of occurrences related to the first 6 days of life. Given the negative context, this study aimed to reveal the epidemiological profile of neonatal mortality in the state of Rio de Janeiro and relate the causes that may have corroborated the occurrences. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with cuts between the years 2008 to 2018 (11 years) which, after the data collected from the federal platform TabNet, were distributed in frequency tables for descriptive statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 24.0. From the data collected, it can be stated that the largest proportion of deaths occurred in the early neonatal stage, especially in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which over the years had the highest number of occurrences of all states, but with a pending period of average investigation of the last triennium of 16%. The majority of deaths occurred in the hospital environment, in premature male babies, born by cesarean delivery, low birth weight, of brown race/color with causes of death from conditions originating from the perinatal period such as pneumonia, born to women aged between 20 to 29 years, with study time of 12 years or more. Maternal and child health is a priority within public health policies, however, the population suffers from the reduction or stagnation of investments that optimize the strengthening of the policy by expanding the network of access to consultations, tests, treatment, andmonitoring of puerperal needs. The overload of health professionals working in the unit can also make it difficult to provide care since there is productivity to be achieved, which can interfere with the quality and time of listening and observation of consultations. Given the detailed work, it is concluded that municipal health policies should use their finances to mitigate risk events from prenatal care, turning their eyes to the quality of access to health that it provides in relation to the physical structure, diagnostic equipment, waiting for time and updating of health professionals.
Effect of face mask use on cardioventilatoryand performance parameters: a systematic review
Authors: Jeronymo Uébe Mansur Mayara , Vieira Bolckau Miranda Bárbara , Porreca Paloma Priscila , Paes Dias Gonçalves Victor , Pontes Morales Anderson , Rocha Calomeni Mauricio , Ribeiro Monteiro Marlana
Published: September 2021

The main way to combat and prevent the spread of COVID-19 is through the use of face masksin all situations, whether in public places or workspaces and also during physical activity or exercise. However, recommendations for the use of face masks during exercise vary globally and the physiological impact of using tissue or surgical masks duringthis activity is not well understood. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out a systematic review to investigate the impact of using a mask during physical activity or exercise in the parameters: ventilatory, physiological, and performance. A structured search was performed following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) in the Medline / PubMed and Web of Science, Scopus and Bireme / Lilacs / BVS databases until May 2021. Seven published studies were included in the systematic review. All studies were randomized controlled and crossover clinical trials, seven studies used a surgical mask in their analysis, three studies used a P95 mask, and two studies used a cloth mask. When analyzing the results, four studies showed no significant difference in the use of surgical masks in relation to performance, ventilatory and hemodynamic function parameters; three studies showed a significant worsening with the condition of using a mask in ventilatory, cardiorespiratoryand performance parameters. It was concluded that the findings of the evaluated studies showed divergences in ventilatory, physiological and performance parameters. It is believed that it may be related to the types of exercise protocols used in the assessment. In addition, the study methods had a low risk of bia
Ostomy and sexuality
Authors: Batista Gomes Ferreira Cristiane , da Cruz Farria Larissa Thuanny , Nunes Mattos Vitória , Viana Ricardo Eduardo , Magalhães dos Santos Carolina
Published: September 2021

Colorectal cancer, diverticulitis and Crohn's disease are morbidities that in some cases require the need for a colostomy as part of the treatment, which has beneficial purposes for recovery and increases patient survival. When performing the colostomy, individuals are faced with a new reality to be experienced. Areality that generates impactful changes in both bodily and psychic aspects. Starting from the moment of surgery until its completion. Which reverberate in the depression of their self-image, and especially in their sexual experience The present work consists of a survey on the sexuality of a patient with an intestinal ostomy, aiming at the relationship of self-image. For this, the ostomy patient's perception of sexuality will be analyzed, identifying factors correlated with self-image and the impact on sexuality, in addition to raising negative consequences experienced by these patients, analyzing the strategies for daily coping with the use of colostomy. Does the colostomy bag affect the sexuality of colostomy patients? This is a field research with a qualitative approach. The sample will be composed of colostomized individuals, members of the Ostomized People Program, in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes. The data collection instrument will consist of a semi-structured questionnaire, with open and closed questions, and a recorded interview, in order to analyze the patients' perception of sexuality. The results of the sociodemographic profile will be analyzed using descriptive statistics while the interview data will be analyzed using content analysis, according to Bardin's conception. The study intends to suggest the implementation of actions and conducts related to the proposed theme, in order to encourage further research in this area. It is also expected to contribute to the research subjects, academic community, health professionals and society in general.
Lucas law and the teacher training of a private schoolin Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ: A pilot study
Authors: Alcântara Aline , Queiroz Gabrielli , Bessa Uhl Laura , Peçanha Passos Ana Paula , Siqueira Aline , Magalhães Carolina
Published: September 2021

According to the World Health Organization, human safety is based on the development of the individual, understanding the safety of all situations in their daily lives, including safety at school. Consideringthat approximately 80% of school-age children and adolescents attend schools, they have taken on a fundamental role in promoting health and preventing accidents, especially in the school environment. Incidents in the school space occur frequently, most ofthe time, teachers and school employees do not notice risk situations and may even contribute to the aggravation of injured students, since they were not trained to intervene in such emergency demands. The Lucas Law appears in this scenario with the purpose of training teachers and employees, from public and private schools, to provide first aid, avoiding possible accidents. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to train teachers of Kindergarten at a private school in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, according to the Lucas Law, on the initial measures of first aid. To carry out this pilot study, training was initially carried out on the Lucas Law, with verbal exposition and demonstration of initial first aid measures, through four theoretical-practical videos with 12 teachers. Soon after, the pre-test questionnaire was applied, with closed and semi-open questions related to the training content, and after 10 days, the post-test questionnaire was applied. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics in the SPSS® software, comparing the pre-test and post-test results. It was verified, in the pre-test, 17.5% of correct answers, while in the post-test it reached 83%. Thus, it is concluded that the pilot study made it possible not only to verify the effectiveness of training in the training of teachers, but also the need to carry out training such as this to encourage the autonomy of teachers in cases of accidents and, consequently, favor school safety.
Avaliação da toxicidade não-clínica do suco, da geleia e do iogurte da polpa de Pilosocereus gounellei
Authors: Pires Wilma Ribeiro Coutinho de Almeida Guedes , Ramalho Josué do Amaral , Ramalho Igor Gabriel da Silva , Linhares Thyffanne Suellen Tavares , Souza Maria de Fátima Vanderlei , Queiroga Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto , Lima Caliandra Maria Bezerra Luna , Diniz Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Realizar ensaios toxicológicos não-clínico agudo do suco, da geléia e do iogurte da polpa do Pilosocereus gounellei. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado com 36 ratas Wistar, divididos em 3 grupos tratados e 3 controles, que receberam 2000mg/kg, via oral, dose única de cada substância. Foram observados por 14 dias, com relação ao consumo de água, ração e evolução ponderal. Ao fim do estudo, os animais foram eutanasiados e autopsiados. Foram avaliados parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos e realizado exames histopatológicos.  Resultados: Não houve alteração no consumo de ração, porém os animais apresentaram diminuição de peso. Nos grupos do suco e geleia houve diminuição no consumo de água. No grupo do suco houve diminuição de ureia, aumento de cloro e magnésio. No grupo da geleia se evidenciou aumento de Alanina Aminotransferase (ALT) e Volume Corpuscular Médio. Naqueles que receberam o iogurte ocorreu diminuição de fósforo, magnésio, hematócrito e linfócitos. Todas estas alterações foram estatisticamente significativas, apesar de se encontrarem dentro dos padrões de normalidade para esta espécie, exceto com relação aos valores de ALT. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o suco e iogurte da geleia P.gounellei possuem baixa toxicidade. Em relação à geleia P. gounellei, mais estudos são necessários para descartar hepatotoxicidade.
Repercussões da pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 na realização do exame de Papanicolaou: um estudo epidemiológico
Authors: Militão Bruno Vítor Peixoto , Andrade Vanessa Fernandes , Sousa Felipe Arruda , Carneiro Iane Dias , Cardoso Guilherme Soares , Mourão Thamires de Freitas , Coelho Joseph Philip , Guimarães Antônio Carlos Pinto
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analisar as repercussões da pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 no número de coletas de material citopatológico de colo de útero no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, a partir da plataforma DATASUS, os dados coletados correspondem ao período entre janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020. Foi analisado o número de coletas de exame de Papanicolaou por unidade da federação, percentuais relativos dos estados e das regiões sociodemográficas do Brasil. O impacto da COVID-19 no número de procedimentos realizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde em 2020 foi mensurado estatisticamente pela comparação com o ano de 2019 por meio do teste não paramétrico Wilcoxon Signed Rank (α=0,01). Resultados: Observou-se queda de 67% (p<0,001) na realização do procedimento em todo o território nacional. Todas as macrorregiões do Brasil foram afetadas sendo a Sul com o menor impacto observado, declínio em 38% (p<0,001). As demais macrorregiões apresentaram quedas superiores a 50% (p<0,001). Não houve correlação estatística entre as coletas de citopatológico e o número de casos COVID-19 por 100 mil habitantes nos estados. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 reduziu estatisticamente o número de ações relacionadas ao exame Papanicolaou e possivelmente a identificação das lesões precursoras ou relacionadas ao câncer cervical em 2020.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio: A Biomarker for Predicting Systemic Involvement in Henoch–Schonlein Purpura
Authors: Lei Wang , Yun-Yun Shan , Ai-E Xu
Published: September 2021

Background:

Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP) is one of the commonest entities included within the category of cutaneous vasculitis (CV). Our work is purposed to explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for systemic involvement in Henoch– Schonlein purpura patients. This ratio is known as an inflammatory marker, and is used to assess the systemic inflammation associated with various diseases. Our objective is to establish whether it can be applied for the prediction of renal and gastrointestinal (GI) or purely renal involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura.

Aim:

To determine the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura

Methods:

This is a retrospective review of the patients who were diagnosed with Henoch–Schonlein purpura in our hospital between 2012 and 2018.

Results:

A total of 57 patients met our inclusion criteria. Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly associated with renal and/or GI manifestations of the disease (p<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of this ratio for predicting systemic involvement was 2.48, with a 95% specificity and a 94% sensitivity. In addition, pretreatment ratio was also found to be significantly correlated with the severity of relevant systemic manifestations of Henoch–Schonlein purpura (r=0.831; p<0.01).

Limitations:

The small number of patients recruited for our research, its retrospective design, and the inclusion of patients attending the same hospital.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is suitable as a potential indicator for predicting the systemic involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura.
Non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and lumbar puncture in pediatric patient: Case report
Authors: Dhaese Thomas Markus , Welling Leonardo C. , Koscianski Alice Magro , Frigeri Gustavo , Auada Judy , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha
Published: September 2021

Background:

Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring has been variously explored as a diagnostic and therapeutic modality in many pathological conditions leading neurological injury. This monitoring standardly depends on an invasive procedure such as cranial or lumbar catheterization. The gold standard for ICP monitoring is through an intraventricular catheter, but this invasive technique is associated with certain risks such as haemorrhage and infection. (1) Also, it is a high-cost procedure and consequently not available in a variety of underprivileged places and clinical situations in which intracranial hypertension is prevalent (3). An accurate non-invasive and low-priced method to measure elevated ICP would therefore be desirable. Under these circumstances, Brazilian scientists developed a non-invasive method for intracranial pressure monitoring (ICP-NI), which uses an electric resistance extensometer that measures micro deformations of the skull and transforms it into an electrical signal. In this case report, the authors describe a pediatrician patient with the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension who was successfully submitted to a lumbar puncture under monitorization with this device.

Case description:

7 year old girl with progressive symptoms that lead to the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The patient was submitted to a lumbar punction with continuous non-invasive ICP monitoring.

Conclusion:

Estimating ICP (non-invasive) from LP monitoring (invasive) often reflect inaccurate ICP results, and affects negatively on IIH diagnosis and a non-invasive diagnostic method could reduce the requirement for invasive approaches, improving patient health outcomes.
Fronto-orbito-ethmoidal intradiploic meningiomas: A case study with systematic review
Authors: Crea Antonio , Grimod Gianluca , Scalia Gianluca , Verlotta Mariarosaria , Mazzeo Lucio , Rossi Giorgio , Mattavelli Davide , Rampinelli Vittorio , Luzzi Sabino , Spena Giannantonio
Published: September 2021

Background:

Primary intradiploic meningiomas, extra-axial tumors arising primarily in the skull, are rare. The authors reported a complex case of intradiploic intraosseous metaplastic meningioma of the left medial wall and orbital roof with the left frontal sinus invasion and left ethmoidal body bone substitution. The authors also conducted a systematic review concerning diagnosis and management of patients affected by purely calvarial intradiploic meningiomas along with a focus on fronto-orbito-ethmoidal ones.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement and with the following Mesh terms: Intradiploic, intraosseous, calvarial, and meningioma. Eligibility criteria were limited by the nature of existing literature on intradiploic meningiomas, consisting of only case series, and case reports.

Results:

A total of 128 published studies were identified through our search. 41 studies were included in this systematic review, 59 patients with a female/male ratio of 1.2/1. The mean age of the patients is of 47.69 years (range 3–84 years). Only seven out of 59 patients (11.9%) presented a complex intradiploic meningioma located in fronto-orbito-ethmoidal region like our case. In almost all patients, a gross-total resection was performed (96.6%) and only in two patients (3.4%) a subtotal resection was achieved.

Conclusion:

The authors shared this successfully treated case to add to the overall clinical experience in the management of this rare subtype tumor, with the hope that more studies are conducted to further address the mechanism of intradiploic meningiomas development.
Transient third cranial nerve palsy after pipeline shield treatment of a ruptured anterior cerebral artery dissecting aneurysm: Case report
Authors: Vergara-Garcia David , Abaunza-Camacho Juan Felipe , Agudelo-Arrieta Mariana , Riveros William Mauricio , Caballero Alberto
Published: September 2021

Background:

Intracranial dissecting aneurysms (IDAs) are rare vascular lesions usually arising from the posterior circulation. The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is an unusual location for this pathology. Even rarer is the occurrence of a transient de novo third cranial nerve (CN) palsy after flow-diverting device (FDD) treatment of an ACA dissecting aneurysm.

Case Description:

A middle-aged man with a prior history of hypertension was admitted to our emergency department with severe headache and loss of consciousness after sexual intercourse. Imaging revealed a subarachnoid hemorrhage with stenosis of the left A1 segment of the ACA. Cerebral digital subtraction angiography confirmed a dissecting aneurysm of the left A1 segment. The aneurysm was treated with an FDD (Pipeline Shield). Transient isolated incomplete third CN palsy was documented 12 h after treatment. No evidence of ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes was found. The condition improved after a few days of empiric steroid treatment.

Conclusion:

An FDD is a suitable alternative for the treatment of a ruptured IDA of the anterior circulation. Some infrequent complications associated with the device, such as de novo cranial neuropathies, are yet to be studied.
From the Editorial Board
Authors: Editorial Board, IHRJ
Published: September 2021

Editorial from the Editorial Board, IHRJ
How Customer-Centricity Approach Creates a Win-win Situation? An Analysis of Murabah ¯ . ah Product
Authors:   COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus Islamabad, Pakistan, Anwar Jamil , Abbasi Abdus Sattar ,   COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan, Khan Majid Jamal ,   COMSATS University Islamabad, Wah Campus, Pakistan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Financial inclusion, through the provision of financial products and services, for the Low Income Group (LIG) of the society is critical. The purpose of this study is to investigate how customer-centric mur¯abah. ah product created a win-win situation for all stakeholders. Methodology: A case study approach using personal interviews and analysing ke documents was used for in depth analysis. The main research questions of the study are: how the customer-centricity approach leads to a win-win situation for an Islamic Financial Institution (IFI) and the beneficiary LIG employees and their employer? And how operational and default risks can be minimized by modifying the existing product? Findings: The benefits for the bank are: minimized risk, reduced operational cost, improved profitability, and a sound banker-customer relationship. The employees are happy with social up-gradation, time-saving, and owned transportation facility. Organizational productivity is improved because of employees’ loyalty and satisfaction. More demand for the product from other organizations is also found. Significance: The in-depth investigation of a product through a case study research based on the personal interviews from bank officials, employer, and the beneficiary of the products (employees) is a unique feature of the research. Limitations: Generalization may not truly reflect the findings of this study as only one product and one bank is studied in this research. Practical and Social Implications: Uplifting the LIG status without loosing their self respect can attract more Islamic Financial Institutions to work for this social cause.
Shar¯ı‘ah Governance Framework and Perception of Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Authors:   Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan, Ahmed Kazi Afaq , Hassan Masood ,   Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan, Uddin Imam ,   Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, Pakistan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Globally commercialized Islamic Banks were launched in 1970s at Middle East, Africa while in year 2002 at Pakistan. As of 2019, there were 5 full-fledge Islamic Banks operating in Pakistan and nearly all conventional banks have Islamic windows. Islamic Banks captured more than 15.5% share of the total Pakistan’s banking market and have far greater potential and capacity to take major share in the market. Methodology: Researchers have examined State Bank of Pakistan’s Shar¯ı‘ah Governance Framework and compared it with the Shar¯ı‘ah governance framework of Malaysia, in light of IFSB guidelines. Based on key findings, focused group interviews of Shar¯ı‘ah scholars were carried out to get their perception about the Shar¯ı‘ah compliance and effectiveness of Shar¯ı‘ah Governance Framework in Pakistan. Findings: The study focused on 5 key components of a good governance system, independence of Shar¯ı‘ah board, competence, confidentiality, consistency and disclosure requirement. The study revealed that Pakistan’s Shar¯ı‘ah governance system is compliant with IFSB guidelines and comparable with Malaysian model. Significance: This study is a unique study in the context of Pakistan. The finding of this research study will provide a comprehensive over view of the Shar¯ı‘ah Governance Framework (SGF) and perception of the Shar¯ı‘ah Scholars on SGF. The study findings may be useful for Islamic banks and other institutions using Islamic mode of financing. Limitations: The study was conducted on a limited sample size mainly from Karachi however the study may be replicated on a bigger sample size and including other cities while the number of conducted interviews can be increased if we go for pan Pakistan as they were only 15 dues to limitation of city as Karachi. Practical Implication: The Shar¯ı‘ah scholars have positive opinion and shown satisfaction on Shar¯ı‘ah governance system and effectiveness of Shar¯ı‘ah controls.The study results can be used to improve public perception about Shar¯ı‘ah compliance of Islamic banking system in Pakistan.
Impact of Paternalistic Leadership on Organizational Readiness for Change: Mediating Role of Employee Engagement and Moderating Role of Islamic Work Ethics
Authors:   Faculty of Management Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Shafi Muhammad Qaiser , Raza Ali ,   Quaid-i-Azam School of Management Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Bajwa Ali Haider ,   Faculty of Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Gul Nafla ,   Faculty of Management Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of paternalistic leadership on organizational readiness for change: mediation of employee engagement and moderation of Islamic work ethics (IWE). Methodology: The sample size for this research is 203. The data were collected from faculty of private and public sector educational institutes that were in process of change. SPSS has been utilized for data analysis. Findings: Using Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) as a theoretical lens, the results indicate paternalistic leadership significantly positively impacts organizational readiness for change; employee engagement acts as a mediating agent between paternalistic leadership and organizational readiness for change; IWE moderates between the relationship of paternalistic leadership and employee engagement. Significance: The mediation of employee engagement and moderation of IWE between paternalistic leadership and organizational readiness for change is still under research so this makes our research a unique contribution. Limitations: This research shall add to the Islamic ethical principles of employees alongside output which will advantage the organization as well as employees. Implications: This research has managerial implications for change agents, organizational development (OD) consultants; policymakers of educational institutions, and professionals regarding change strategies, benefits, and the Islamic business environment.
Exploring the Antecedents of Different Dimensions of Intrapreneurship: The Case of Pakistani Software Industry in Islamic Perspective
Authors:   Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan, Javed Usman , Mavia Muhammad ,   Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Lahore Campus, Pakistan, Shareef Aamer ,   Faculty of Management Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Jamil Syed Hassan ,   Faculty of Management Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Given the lack of research on the dimensions of employees’ intrapreneurial behaviour, the current research speculates on the effect of spiritual leadership on three dimensions of employees’ intrapreneurialproactiveness, risk-taking, and innovativeness. The study also proposes psychological empowerment as a mediator of these links of spiritual leadership and the dimensions of intrapreneurship. Methodology: Survey data collected using a time-lagged strategy from 169 software developers working in Pakistan revealed that spiritual leadership positively influences all three dimensions of intrapreneurship. Likewise, psychological empowerment mediates spiritual leadership-proactiveness. Findings: Interestingly, the results revealed that psychological empowerment did not mediate the association of spiritual leadership with risk-taking and the association of spiritual leadership with innovativeness. Thus, we concluded that the dimensions of intrapreneurship can have different nomological networks of predictors and consequences. Significance: For theoretical contribution, this effect is important to study because intrinsic motivation (through psychological empowerment) can be an important predictor for intrapreneurship behaviour. Practical Implications: The study provides managers with important practical implications.