bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ways of Measuring Working Memory in Older Adults in Healthy Aging: A Scoping Review
Authors: Muñoz-Olano Juan F. , Pedraza-Vargas Steve
Published: December 2024

The scoping review aimed to analyze the current methods of measuring working memory (WM) in healthy older adults (60–85 years) without cognitive impairments. The primary objective was to identify common methodological limitations and understand their implications for reliability, ecological validity, and the potential for transferring WM measures to everyday tasks. The hypothesis centered on the inconsistency and limited applicability of WM measures in real-world contexts. The review included 30 empirical studies selected using PRISMA guidelines, focusing on studies published post-2018 across multiple databases, emphasizing WM evaluation in aging. The main findings revealed notable heterogeneity in measurement tasks, with studies using varied tests (e.g., N-Back, Digit Span) and reporting limited use of response time as a measure. A geographic analysis showed that most studies originated in the U.S. and Europe. A significant proportion of the studies lacked reliability parameters, limiting their applicability in everyday contexts. The discussion highlighted theoretical differences as a contributing factor to measurement inconsistencies and emphasized the need for ecological approaches. Future research should address the observed bias, methodological limitations, and explore reliable, transferable WM measures for older adults.
The Role of Minecraft in STEM Education: A Study on the Development of Motivation and Spatial Abilities
Authors: Gök Mustafa , Özen Burcu
Published: December 2024

This study examines how integrating Minecraft into STEM education impacts seventh-grade students' STEM motivation and spatial abilities. The research was conducted with 46 students during the 2021–2022 academic year and employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Over an intervention period of approximately two months, weekly STEM activities were organized. Quantitative data were collected using a STEM motivation scale and a spatial ability test administered to experimental and control groups. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with students in the experimental group. The results indicate Minecraft-based STEM activities significantly enhanced students' STEM motivation and spatial abilities. These findings suggest that actively integrating digital games into STEM education can effectively increase students' interest in STEM fields and improve their spatial skills.
Komik im (kinder)literaturtheoretischen Diskurs
Authors: O'Sullivan Emer
Published: December 2024

[English title and abstract below]
In diesem Beitrag geht es um Komik an sich, speziell um literarische Komik und insbesondere kinderliterarische Komik. Nach einer Einordnung der Begriffe ‚Komik‘ und ‚Humor‘ werden die wichtigsten Komiktheorien – die Inkongruenztheorie, die Überlegenheitstheorie und die Entlastungstheorie – sowie Michail Bachtins Konzept von karnevalesker Komik vorgestellt. Daran schließen sich eine Übersicht über Funktionen der Komik und über die Akzeptabilität bestimmter Gegenstände und Inhalte an. Darauf aufbauend wird gefragt, ob die kinderliterarische Komik einer eigenen Theorie bedarf. Nach Maria Lypp, die 1986 den einflussreichsten kinderliteraturwissenschaftlichen Beitrag zu diesem Thema verfasste, gibt es eine gemeinsame Grundform des Komischen für alle Literatur, es bedarf also keiner spezifischen Theorie der Komik für die Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Auch die Techniken der Komik teilen sich die allgemeine Literatur und die Kinderliteratur. Anders sind zum Teil hingegen bestimmte Themen bzw. Inhalte und auch Funktionen des Komischen für Kinder, für Jugendliche und für Erwachsene. Diese Merkmale, die für die Komik in der Kinderliteratur von besonderer Bedeutung sind, sowie einige Hauptfunktionen und Spielarten von Komik in der Kinderliteratur werden erläutert. Abgeschlossen wird der Beitrag mit einer kurzen Diskussion kulturspezifischer Tradierungen bestimmter Formen kinderliterarischer Komik anhand deutsch- und englischsprachiger Beispiele.
 
Humour and (Children’s) Literature
This article is about humour, especially literary humour and, even more specifically, humour in children’s literature. It classifies the terms ‘comedy’ and ‘humour’, and then presents the most important comic theories – the incongruity theory, the superiority theory and the relief theory – as well as Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of carnivalesque comedy. This is followed by a review of the functions of comedy and humour, and the degree to which certain objects and topics are deemed acceptable in comic form. Taking this as a point of departure, the question is raised whether humorous children’s literature needs its own theory. According to Maria Lypp, author in 1986 of the most influential contribution to German children’s literature studies on this topic, there is a basic form of comedy common to all literature, so there is no need for a specific theory for children’s literature. Comic techniques are shared by literature for adults and for children. There is, however, a difference between some of their themes and functions depending on whether it is presented to children or adults. The article discusses significant characteristics and functions of humour in children’s literature. Drawing on examples from books in German and English, the article concludes with a brief discussion of the culturally-specific transmission of certain forms of humour and comedy in children’s literature.
“It seems to be a complicated question”
Authors: Dybvik Hilde , Undheim Inga Henriette
Published: December 2024

This article examines how a selection of Scandinavian children’s books, spanning the 1970s until today, have addressed questions about how babies are made. Previous research has shown that various forms of humour have been used in the dissemination of information on intercourse and conception. In our article, we examine how and why humour is used when presenting adult sexuality in books for children. We consider humour a strategy for taking the edge off this challenging topic. However, this strategy comes with a cost. With reference to critical theory and humour theory, we problematise the strategic use of humour, as it may contribute to the perpetuation of heteronormative notions and patterns. In the article, we assess several recurring tactics, which we have categorised into five forms of humour: transgression of taboos, humorous recognition, absurd humour, naive humour and anthropomorphic humour.
Komik zwischen Gendernorm und Transgression
Authors: Liebenthal David
Published: December 2024

[English title and abstract below]
Gendertransgression hat eine lange Tradition, sowohl in komischen Texten wie auch im Shōjo-Manga, einer Spielart des japanischen Comics. In diesem Beitrag werden die beiden Traditionslinien zusammengeführt und genauer betrachtet anhand von drei exemplarischen Analysen gegenwärtiger Werke in deutscher Übersetzung, in denen gendertransgressive Protagonist:innen in je einer romantischen Paarbeziehung gezeigt werden. Dabei wird das Genre der romantischen Komödie als verbindendes Element aufgegriffen. In Anlehnung an die Komiktheorie von Bachtin wird durch den dabei entstehenden karnevalesken Raum das zugleich subversive wie normstabilisierende Potenzial von Komik verdeutlicht. Die in den Beispielen untersuchten Inszenierungen zeigen, dass der gegenwärtige Shōjo-Manga einen ambivalenten Umgang mit Crossdressing und Genderbending als komische Kategorien übt. Obwohl eine romantische Liebe unabhängig von Gender idealisiert und Crossdressing als überzeugende gegengeschlechtliche Inszenierung gezeigt wird, bezieht sich die Komik oft auf das Verlachen marginalisierter Gender- oder Begehrenskonzepte sowie eine Fortsetzung heteronormativer Strukturen.
Comedy Between Gender Norm and TransgressionThe Ambivalent Staging of Cross-Dressing and Gender-Bending in Contemporary Shōjo Manga
Gender transgression has a long tradition, both in comic texts and in Shōjo Manga, a subgenre of Japanese comics. This article brings together these two traditions and examines them in more detail through the analyses of three current titles in German translation, each of which features gender-transgressive protagonists in a romantic relationship. The genre of romantic comedy serves as a connecting element. Drawing on Bakhtin’s comic theory, the carnivalesque space that emerges illustrates the potential of comedy to both subvert and stabilise norms. The stagings analysed in the examples show that contemporary Shōjo Manga takes an ambivalent approach to cross-dressing and gender-bending as comic categories. Although romantic love is idealised independently of gender, and cross-dressing is shown as a convincing opposite sex performance, the humour often relies on ridiculing marginalised concepts of gender or desire and perpetuating heteronormative structures.
Urbane Topografien der Flucht in der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur des Exils
Authors: Jagdschian Larissa
Published: December 2024

[English title and abstract below]
Aspekte der Heimatlosigkeit, Deterritorialität und Verfolgung sind – wie u. a. Bannasch und Rochus feststellten – konzeptionelle Merkmale der Exilliteratur. Häufig werden diese Merkmale mit dem Konzept der Akkulturation in Verbindung gebracht. Der vorliegende Beitrag erweitert die bestehende Forschungsperspektive auf Akkulturationsprozesse in der Exilliteratur, indem am Beispiel der Repräsentationen von Exilstädten in Lisa Tetzners Exilromanen Erwin kommt nach Schweden (1944) und Mirjam in Amerika (1942) sowie Walther Pollatscheks 3 Kinder kommen um die Welt (1947) aufgezeigt wird, wie in der Textur der Exilstädte während der Flucht zeitgenössische Wahrnehmungsmuster der Akkulturation eingeschrieben werden. Methodisch wird auf Mahlers literaturtheoretische Überlegungen zu Stadttexte – Textstädte Bezug genommen, um darzulegen, wie Exilstädte im Roman konstruiert werden und wie aus diesen Konstruktionen Vorstellungen von Heimatlosigkeit, Deterritorialität und Verfolgung resultieren. Das Ziel des Beitrags ist es, Funktionen und Repräsentationen von Exilstädten für die Deutung von Flucht während des Nationalsozialismus zu konturieren.
 
Urban Topographies of Flight in German Children’s Exile Literature
Aspects of homelessness, deterritoriality and persecution are conceptual characteristics of exile literaturee, and are often associated with the concept of acculturation. This article expands the existing research perspective on acculturation processes in German literature in exile by examining the representations of cities in Lisa Tetzner’s exile novels Erwin kommt nach Schweden (1944) and Mirjam in Amerika (1942), as well as Walther Pollatschek’s 3 Kinder kommen um die Welt (1947). It demonstrates how contemporary perceptions of acculturation are inscribed into the texture of these exile cities during flight. Methodologically, the article refers to Mahler’s literary theoretical deliberations on city texts-text cities to show how exile cities are constructed in the novels and how these constructions result in notions of homelessness, deterritoriality and persecution. The aim of the article is to outline the functions and representations of cities of exile for interpretating flight during National Socialism.
Neural substrates of social behavior in zebrafish : the role of oxytocin
Authors:   , Gemmer Anja
Published: December 2024

Living in social groups and thereby maximizing both chance of survival and reproductive success is a phylogenetic old way of live and practiced by many different species. The evolution of social behavior optimized co-habitation of multiple animals and enhanced the effectiveness of its advantages. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide initially described in the context of labor and lactation, was correlated to different forms of social behavior since early 1990s, but the complexity of oxytocinergic signaling or function of oxytocin producing neurons in the perception of conspecifics is not fully understood yet.
In summary, this thesis project uncovered a pivotal role of oxytocin receptors in development and maintenance of social preference and shoaling behavior of subadult zebrafish, identified a subpopulation of oxytocinergic neurons with specific reaction to the visual presence of conspecifics and spawned a novel immobilization method, which enables scientists to reliably immobilize awake zebrafish at 2 – 4 wpf for future analyses of neuronal activity and eye movements.
The mechanism behind pressure-induced isosymmetric second-order phase transitions
Authors: Zhong Qifa , Xu Jingui , Zhang Dongzhou , Zhang Shanrong , Wu Mengzeng , Gu Hailing , Zhou Yi , Fan Dawei
Published: December 2024

Pressure-induced polymorphic phase transitions are important in fundamental physics, chemistry, materials science, and geoscience. The isosymmetric phase transition is unique in that it retains crystal symmetry through the transition and exhibits both first- and second-order characteristics. However, the underlying mechanisms of the isosymmetric second-order phase transition have not been well constrained under high pressures. Here, we report a novel case of pressure-induced isosymmetric phase transition in cerite, a rare earth element (REE) mineral, using a diamond anvil cell combined with in-situ synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This phase transition is triggered by an increase in coordination number (CN) and exhibits characteristics of second-order. By combining our findings with previous research, we identify five distinct types of pressure-induced isosymmetric phase transitions. Furthermore, we propose an explanation for the nature (first- or second-order) of phase transitions triggered by coordination number increases under pressure. The complexity of a mineral's crystal structure plays a crucial role in determining the type of isosymmetric phase transition observed. Single-building unit crystal structures tend to exhibit first-order transitions, while those with multiple building units exhibit greater flexibility and are more prone to second-order transitions. This study provides new evidence for pressure-induced coordination number increase-triggered isosymmetric second-order phase transitions and offers valuable insights into the mechanisms governing pressure-induced isosymmetric phase transitions.
New Mineral Names
Authors: Emproto Christopher , Olds Travis A.
Published: December 2024

This issue of New Mineral Names provides a summary of the newly described minerals from May to August 2024, including karlseifertite, vegrandisite, touretite, auropolybasite, cuprozheshengite, calcioveatchite, and jianmuite.
PERANCANGAN CENDERAMATA SEBAGAI BRANDING DESA WISATA, KAMPUNG SATWA KEDUNG BANTENG, MOYUDAN, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Koniherawati  , Nugroho Gregorius Delon Ajidamara , Nathanael Michelle Aurelia , Madyaningrana Kukuh
Published: December 2024

Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana Yogyakarta menjalin kerjasama dengan Kampung Satwa di Desa Kedung Banteng, Kecamatan Moyudan, Kabupaten Sleman, D.I.Y. yang dilakukan oleh Tim Dosen UKDW Desain Produk, Bioteknologi dan dua mahasiswa Desain Produk. Dengan terwujudnya pelatihan desain produk berupa cenderamata. Keberadaaan Kampung Satwa di RT 06 / RW 16 Kedung Banteng sangat unik dan menarik. Bermula dari hobi seorang warga dalam menyayangi satwa, yang kemudian berkembang menjadi kampung edu-ekowisata bagi sekolah-sekolah sekitar dan masyarakat dari berbagai daerah. Kampung ini memberikan kesempatan untuk mengenal berbagai jenis satwa yang dilindungi, habitatnya, serta tumbuhan yang dibudidayakan guna mendukung kelangsungan hidup satwa. Hal tersebut menjadi inspirasi tim akademisi untuk membantu pengembangan kampung edu-ekowisata dengan strategi promosi melalui cenderamata berkesan yang dapat menjadi identitas (branding) untuk dikenang dan dikenal lebih luas. Kegiatan ini mencakup pelatihan keterampilan serta pengetahuan kerajinan keramik dan batik, sebagai warisan budaya adhiluhung Jawa, dengan memanfaatkan potensi bahan alam disekitar lokasi. Konsep cenderamata yang direncanakan matang akan menjadi visual-branding inovatif dan media promosi yang efektif. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan melalui pelatihan teknis dengan pengumpulan data secara observasi langsung, wawancara, dan partisipatoris dengan tujuan menciptakan produk sebagai media promosi dan sebagai contoh bagi kampung-kampung lain dalam mencintai alam dan menjaga lingkungan.
Realist evaluation cases of the uptake and use of citizen science tools for water quality management: Vaal-Triangle public primary schools teachers and Mpophomeni enviro-champs
Authors:   , Madiba Morakane Stephinah
Published: December 2024

This study employs a theory-based approach to evaluate citizen science (CS) interventions in two distinct cases: the Mpophomeni enviro-champs and the Vaal-Triangle primary school teachers. These interventions were designed to foster social learning, enhance education or participants' understanding of water quality impacts, and promote community or public participation for improved water management. GroundTruth, a multidisciplinary consulting company with expertise in water resources and environmental engineering, collaborated as partners in these CS projects. Utilizing qualitative realist evaluation theory, the study delves into the intricate context-mechanismoutcome (CMO) configurations for each case, seeking depth insight into the outcomes of these citizen science initiatives. Data collection involved interviews, document analysis, and participant observations to construct a comprehensive understanding of the interventions' impact. In the case of the Vaal-Triangle primary school teachers, the CS intervention yielded positive results, significantly influencing teaching practices and instilling shared values for sustainable water quality management in both classrooms and the surrounding communities. However, the study revealed the need for continued evaluation and comprehensive dialogue among stakeholders, including teachers, school governing bodies, local municipalities, the Department of Basic Education, and the broader community to ensure the effectiveness, sustainability, and transformative potential of these interventions. In contrast, the Mpophomeni enviro-champs experienced a different set of outcomes. The CS intervention catalyzed numerous opportunities for the volunteers, forging a collaborative relationship between citizens and the government. Despite their socio-ecological vulnerability, these volunteers exhibited remarkable resilience and willingness to contribute, calling for formalization mechanisms such as remuneration and skill recognition to sustain and enhance their participation. This study provides insights into citizen science interventions, foregrounding volunteerism as a means of fostering fair and inclusive participation. It emphasizes the significance of combining social and classroom learning in achieving sustainable water quality management objectives. Furthermore, the research highlights the pivotal role of informed citizenship, which necessitates an understanding not only of environmental activism but also of effective political engagement to influence decision-making processes effectively. By challenging historical barriers and revealing new perspectives, this study offers a reflective thinking tool to advance transformative policy development in South Africa and beyond, promoting informed and responsible public participation in water quality management and fostering the sustainability of precious water resources.
Magisterium Kościoła a transseksualizm. Implikacje kanoniczno-etyczne
Authors: Biały Stanisław
Published: December 2024

Przedmiotem niniejszej analizy jest zagadnienie transseksualizmu w nauczaniu Kościoła katolickiego. Analiza pozwoliła autorowi na sformułowanie kilku spostrzeżeń o podłożu filozoficzno-kanonicznym. Po pierwsze, literatura przedmiotu koncentruje się na następujących zagadnieniach: a) dokładne przyczyny transseksualizmu nie są znane; b) znaczenie wzorców społecznych dla wyrobienia postaw seksualnych młodzieży; c) katolicka godność osoby ludzkiej; d) na czym polega korekcja płci; e) od czego zależy satysfakcja ze związku (seksualna i osobowa). Po drugie, obiektywizm treści etycznych i kanonicznych wniosków opiera się na założeniu, iż stanowisko doktrynalne Kościoła katolickiego w kwestii niedopuszczania do sakramentu małżeństwa osób transseksualnych ma swoje adekwatne uzasadnienie nie tylko pod względem filozoficzno-religijnym, lecz także biologicznym (medycznym, psychologicznym itp.). Po trzecie, satysfakcja ze związku jest pojęciem, które odnosi się do treści subiektywnych, zatem świadectwa osób transseksualnych o posiadanym i przeżywanym szczęściu muszą być postrzegane w kontekście jeszcze innych wartości osobowych i społecznych, np. wartości wiary i zbawienia, posłuszeństwa Bogu i jego objawionej woli.
Spojrzenie na kryzys katolickiego małżeństwa w Polsce
Authors: Kraj Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Poniższy artykuł to próba refleksji teologicznej nad stanem małżeństwa katolickiego w Polsce. Punktem wyjścia niniejszej analizy jest nietrwałość i kryzys związków małżeńskich. Celem zaś jest wskazanie na te elementy moralnej doktryny Kościoła, które mogą być strategią zapobiegania temu negatywnemu procesowi. Autor stwierdza, że wynikający z kryzysu małżeństwa pesymizm (duchowy, moralny, etyczny, społeczny itp.) sprawia, że coraz więcej ludzi wybiera życie w związkach, które jedynie zewnętrznie przypominają małżeństwo, ale ani nim nie są, ani nie realizują jego istoty. Związki te są nietrwałe, przez co nie można przez nie zrealizować w pełni życia w małżeńskiego. Autor ukazuje też pewne prawidłowości, które się do takiego stanu przyczyniają, a które nie odnoszą się wyłącznie do polskich małżeństw. Stoi na stanowisku, że pogłębienie świadomości społeczeństwa w tym temacie (potrzeba edukacji) może przynieść korzystne skutki pastoralne. Zdaniem autora bowiem źródłem kryzysu związku małżeńskiego, w rozumieniu etyki katolickiej, jest: liberalizm etyczny, ontologia w miejsce metafizyki klasycznej, ale także problematyka egzystencjalna (skandale moralne oraz braki katolickiego wychowania). Pewnym ratunkiem, w ramach troski duszpasterskiej o dobro małżeństw katolickich, może być powrót do nauczania (jakim szczyci się Kościół katolicki) papieża Jana Pawła II – o małżeństwie i rodzinie.
Definicja pojęcia małżeństwa oraz rodziny w prawie ukraińskim. Analiza historyczno-prawna (od czasów Rewolucji Październikowej do niepodległości)
Authors: Bilonozko Eugeniusz
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza zmian w postrzeganiu zjawiska rodziny i małżeństwa, dokonujących się na terenie współczesnej Ukrainy w XX wieku. Chodzi o ich związek z najważniejszymi wydarzeniami historycznymi w XX i w początku XXI wieku (upadek Imperium Rosyjskiego, powstanie ZSSR, Wielki Głód, II Wojna Światowa, ogłoszenie niepodległości, okres wojny z Rosją) – w jaki w sposób zmieniało się postrzeganie rodziny, małżeństwa oraz relacji ślubno-rodzinnych na Ukrainie w okresie ostatnich 100 lat. Tym samym w tekście artykułu zostanie poruszona kwestia dynamiki liberalizacji postrzegania takich pojęć jak rodzina, małżeństwo oraz ślub pod względem prawnym oraz kulturalno-społecznym. Ma się tu (przede wszystkim) na myśli odniesienie do wprowadzenia pojęcia związków partnerskich. Następnie zostanie opisana próba zmiany prawa rodzinnego w związku z wojskową agresją Rosji.
Augmenting Adherence: Improving Medication Compliance and Patient Education in Anti-Retroviral Therapy through Graphical Representation
Authors: Nsolo Neema Tulinge , Nziku Oliva Heloden , Kumar Bhumika
Published: December 2024

Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) is a fundamental principle in the management of Human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, significantly improving the quality of life for individuals
living with the virus. However, the success of ART crucially depends on patient adherence
to complex medication regimens that come with the therapy. Patients must meticulously
adhere to their prescribed treatment plans to maintain viral suppression and prevent the progression
of HIV. Medication adherence, a multifaceted challenge in healthcare, becomes particularly
entangled within the realm of ART. Patients are often prescribed a combination of antiretroviral
medications, each with unique dosing schedules and dietary requirements as instructed by the
physician. For individuals with varying levels of health literacy, language proficiency, and cultural
backgrounds, comprehending and adhering to these regimens can be overwhelming and
challenging. Non-adherence to these medications can result in treatment failure, drug resistance,
and compromised health outcomes that burden the healthcare systems. In that perspective, the
role of pictograms as visual aids emerges as part and parcel of patient education and counseling
within healthcare systems. Pictograms are graphical representations of concepts or actions designed
to transcend linguistic and literacy barriers. When used in conjunction with ART, they
simplify complex medication instructions, empower patients with knowledge, and improve adherence.
Generally, the role of pictograms in supporting medication adherence and patient counseling
in antiretroviral therapy is a powerful testament that serves a purpose in bridging communication
and literacy gaps within the healthcare systems. By simplifying complex medication regimens,
empowering patients with knowledge, and fostering adherence, pictograms contribute to
better health outcomes and the overall success of ART. As healthcare providers and systems continue
to harness the potential of pictograms, patient education and adherence in the management
of HIV and other chronic conditions stand to be greatly enhanced.
Evaluation of Bone Quality in Patients with Bruxism
Authors: Kotanli Sedef , Ozturk Elif Meltem Aslan , Dogan Mehmet Emin , Uluısık Nurbanu
Published: December 2024

Background:

Bruxism may cause increased alveolar bone thickness and density and irregular enlargement of the periodontal space.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the mandibular bone quality using radio-morphometric indices and Fractal Dimension (FD) analysis in
orthopantomography (OPG).

Material and Methods:

OPGs of 100 patients, 50 bruxers and 50 non-bruxers, were included in this study. Values, such as mental index (MI), panoramic mandibular index
(PMI), gonial index (GI), antegonial notch depth (AND), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and antegonial index (AI), were calculated in OPG.
Eight bilateral areas of interest (ROI) were selected on ort for FD analysis: ROI 1, mandibular condyle; ROI 2, mandibular ramus; ROI 3,
mandibular angulus; and ROI 4, mandibular mental area.

Results:

MI, PMI, and AND values were higher in bruxers than in the control group (p<0.05). MCI and AI values calculated on both sides were not
statistically significantly related in bruxism and control group individuals (p>0.05). As a result of the calculations, the FD values of the left condyle
(p=0.02) and left angulus (p=0.03) areas showed a statistically significant difference between individuals with and without bruxer. No statistically
significant difference was found in the FD measurements calculated from the ramus and mental areas on the right and left sides (p>0.05). The
relationship between FD values and gender in these areas was examined, and no statistically significant difference was found (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

In dentistry, bruxism can be diagnosed and treated by measuring MI, PMI, and AND values. No difference was found in mandibular cortical bone
thickness in bruxers and non-bruxers, according to AI and MCI. The mean GI measured on the right side differed between groups. FD values of the
mandibular trabecular bone were affected by bruxism in the right condyle and right angulus areas.
Phthalates Induced Neurotoxicity: A Mechanistic Approach
Authors: Gaur Kajal , Siddique Yasir Hasan
Published: December 2024

Phthalates play a significant role as plastic modifying additives in everyday items like
plastics, pesticides, paints, and cosmetics. This review explores the relationship between phthalates
and neurotoxicity and sheds light on the potential risks these ubiquitous chemicals pose to
neurological health. The review elucidates the diverse neurotoxic effects of phthalates exposure,
spanning developmental neurotoxicity, neuropathy, neurodegenerative diseases, and neurobehavioral
toxicity. Mechanistic insights reveal the pathways through which phthalates induce cellular damage,
including oxidative stress, disruption of calcium signalling, alteration in lipid metabolism,
and interference with thyroid hormone homeostasis. Moreover, the review discusses regulatory
measures aimed at restricting phthalate usage and highlights the imperative for further research
and awareness to safeguard public health against the neurotoxic effects of phthalates.
Neuroprotective Effect of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids
Authors: Mishra Shweta
Published: December 2024

Flavonoids have a wide range of neuroprotective effects on the brain, including the
capacity to reduce neuroinflammation, shield neurons from harm caused by neurotoxins, and
maybe improve memory, learning, and cognitive function. These functions are most likely a result
of two similar mechanisms. Inhibiting neurotoxic substance-induced apoptosis and promoting
synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival are achieved by first interacting with key protein
and lipid kinase signaling pathways in the brain. Second, they have positive effects on the vascular
system that alter cerebrovascular blood flow and can result in angiogenesis, neurogenesis,
and morphological alterations in neurons. Through these pathways, eating foods high in flavonoids
has the potential to avoid or delay age-related impairments in cognitive abilities as well as
neurodegeneration. Due to the high level of interest in creating new pharmaceuticals that might
improve the cognitive function of the brain, Flavonoids could be important preparatory substances
in the development of a new class of brain-improving drugs.
Harnessing Nature's Arsenal: Phytoconstituents targeting mediators involved in pathogenesis of Asthma
Authors: Hussain Sahil , Badruddeen  , Mursal Mohd , Akhtar Juber , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Ahmad Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Asthma is a persistent respiratory disorder characterized by inflammation and con-striction of the air passages, resulting in recurrent symptoms, including difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and a sensation of tightness in the chest. It requires ongoing management through medications and lifestyle adjustments. The use of natural bioactive compounds in asthma management is on the rise. Researchers are increasingly exploring the potential of compounds derived from plants and herbs, such as quercetin, resveratrol, and Boswellia ex-tracts, for their anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator properties. Compounds like quercetin and resveratrol are known to reduce inflammation by inhibiting enzymes like PDE4 and LOX-5, which play key roles in asthma-related inflammation. They can additionally regulate im-mune reactions by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines like “IL-6, IL-5, and IL-4”. Additionally, some compounds, like those found in Boswellia extracts, inhibit NF-κB activation, which further reduces the production of inflammatory mediators. These natural remedies offer a promising avenue for complementing traditional asthma treatments, potential-ly providing relief from symptoms and reducing the reliance on synthetic drugs. The aim of this review is to offer an outline of well-researched plant-derived phytoconstituents that influ-ence cellular activity to control inflammatory mediators associated with asthma. Nevertheless, additional high-quality research is essential to validate the clinical effectiveness of plant-based treatments for asthma.
Realization of prototypes and models using a CNC router
Authors: TODOROVA Mariela
Published: December 2024

Abstract. CNC routers represent a modern technology that has revolutionized the way prototyping and model making are carried out. CNC routers are particularly useful for creating complex 3D models and ornaments, making them a preferred choice for designers and engineers. The goal in making signs is to create a unique and impressive design with ornaments and reliefs. The task involves selecting a material, designing in CAD software, generating G-code, setting up the CNC router, and completing finishing processes. The solved problem is the automation of the complex manufacturing process, and the methods include combining ornaments and reliefs, which requires attention to detail and precision. The conclusion highlights the advantages of CNC routers for prototyping and model making, emphasizing high precision and process automation.
Experimental setup for research the turning process by spinning tool
Authors: AVRAMOVA Tanya
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The turning process by spinning tool refers to the processes of machining materials that do not follow traditional turning methods. This involves the usage of specialized tools, equipment, different techniques or not widely used materials. Although processing by spinning tools is not as widespread or standardized as traditional turning process, they are increasingly being used in a variety of fields and applications. The problems related to the high requirements for the needed quality of the processed workpieces and the need for low-cost parts impose the need for changes in the processing methods and application of cutting by spinning tool in production processes. A key point in the application of the turning process by spinning tool is the rotational movement of the tool, which needs special equipment for fastening the rotary tool or multi-axis CNC lathe-milling machine. At this paper experimental setup for turning process by spinning tool is created by using two-axis CNC lathe machine, special equipment for fastening and rotating the tool and special designed spinning tool with round insert.
Analysis of Al7136 surface roughness in end milling process based on discriminant analysis
Authors: POP Alina Bianca
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The objective of this research is to determine how cutting parameters influence the transversal surface roughness of Al7136 aluminum alloy when subjected to end milling. To achieve this, 150 experiments were performed, systematically varying the cutting speed (v), depth of cut (ap), and feed per tooth (fz). The method used for analysis is discriminant analysis, which generated three discriminant functions. The results indicate a significant correlation between these variables and surface roughness. The discriminant functions provided an accurate classification of observations into different levels of roughness, and the coefficients of these functions showed the relative importance of each independent variable in discriminating between different levels of roughness. Covariance and correlation analyses were performed to further understand the interactions between the independent variables within each experimental group. The conclusions suggest that adjusting cutting parameters can be performed to achieve a reduction in the roughness of the machined surface, contributing to the improvement of product quality in end milling of the Al7136 alloy.
On the automatic real-time detection of chatter onset in turning
Authors: VOSNIAKOS G-.C.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. A low-cost device has been implemented in order to detect the onset of chatter in turning operations. This involves a microcontroller, which receives an acceleration signal from the workpiece being turned, converts it to digital form, processes it in real time, identifies specific features and monitors them also in real time. As a first step, Fast Fourier Transform of the acceleration signal for a reference tool path that involves no chatter identifies high energy peaks at particular frequencies, which depend on the eigen-frequencies of the dynamic system machine tool – cutting tool – workpiece. Then, at the onset of chatter a specific pattern of additional high energy peaks appears in the spectrum 0-2.5 kHz. Signal processing and comparison with the reference take less than 200 ms. Experiments on a CNC lathe proved that the approach is effective and transferable beyond longitudinal turning.
Innovative, environmentally friendly decoating of metallised plastic products using laser technology
Authors: SOVER A.
Published: December 2024

Abstract Metallised plastic parts are used for a wide range of applications, for example, the automotive and packaging industry or household goods because of their specific functions, high-quality look, and hygienic properties. The use of these products has increased significantly in many sectors of industry which admittedly implicates certain materials and products drawbacks, especially with a view to sustainability issues. The recycling of waste metallised plastic products is currently very difficult and usually, the plastic material is incinerated for the recovery of the metallic components. Ansbach University of Applied Sciences has been working on the removal of the paint layers from various materials for several years. This article presents a study on how the metallised layer can be removed from the plastic parts using laser technology. The results show that the metallic layers can be separated from the plastic carrier (thermoplastic parts) without damaging the polymers which facilitates a high-quality recycling of each material (polymer and metal). Metallised plastic parts of made from different materials, featuring various thicknesses and treated with different metallisation techniques, were successfully tested. The laser processing of the metallised parts has proven to be an effective and environmentally friendly method for achieving a high-quality separation of the materials.
A computational study on the adiabatic shear banding development during plane-strain uniaxial and angled-biaxial dynamic compression of AISI 1045 steel
Authors: KARANTZA Konstantina D.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This work studies the adiabatic shear banding (ASB) development during dynamic plane strain compression of AISI 1045 steel under uniaxial and biaxial loading. In the case of biaxial loading, the examined steel sample is of 5° inclination in order to provide a shear-compression stress state due to its angled loading state. The numerical analysis is conducted through structural-thermal-damage doubly coupled finite element models in LS-DYNA by implementing the thermo-viscoplastic Modified Johnson-Cook plasticity flow rule and damage law. The simulations revealed that angled compression increases the propensity to ASB formation due to the introduction of a shear-compression stress state, which facilitates the shear strain localization, leading to lower critical strain for ASB initiation. Also, ASBs initially form under X-shape while following their trace forms S-shaped ASBs at higher deformation levels, while in case of biaxial compression the ASBs can be clearly distinguished to a stronger and a weaker one according to the magnitude of their interior strain and temperature. Finally, thermal softening is observed to occur prior to damage softening, determining in this way the ASB genesis, in contrast to the damage softening, which dominates its later evolution and its progression to fracture.
Wear resistance of as-cast ZnMg-Y biodegradable alloy
Authors: ȘUTIC Alexandra-Tamara
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Biodegradable metallic materials offer a viable option for numerous medical devices where mechanical support of the implant is not required indefinitely. In some practical applications, biocompatible/biodegradable metallic elements are mechanically stressed by contact friction, compression, shear, or tensile forces. Metal samples (50x10x3 mm) were fabricated from cast ZnMgY ingots. An Amsler machine was used to apply frictional stress to the samples by placing the test specimen at the upper point of the tribological contact of the machine. The rotating element of the mechanical equipment is made of bearing steel (ASTM A295). During the friction testing of the experimental ZnMgY samples, the frictional torque was recorded using tensiometric measurements in conjunction with a Vishay P3 strain gage (Vishay, Germany). The recorded values were further processed by Savitzky-Golay filtering. Wear tests (20 N and 30 N load applied) lasted 1800 s at a constant low disc speed of 100 rpm and were performed in dry mode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM 2D and 3D) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate wear marks.
Tools for the incremental deformation of sheet metal using a single point. presentation of an innovative new tool
Authors: BĂDULESCU Emanuel
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Incremental forming with a punch is a process of processing metal sheets in continuous development, due to the low cost of the tools and the possibility of its application on numerically controlled machines. Since many tool models have recently been developed for processing sheet metal by incremental forming, their choice is difficult. This article aims to present a brief synthesis of the types of tools proposed and tested by researchers for incremental forming, highlighting the usage fields and the advantages and disadvantages of their use. The presentation of the kinds of tools together with the specific performances associated with the different materials and geometric shapes of the processed parts, facilitates their optimal choice to obtain the desired part so that it meets the functional characteristics prescribed by the designer. Another purpose of this article is to present a new innovative tool with a specific geometry, which will enhance the single-point incremental forming process and the quality of the resulting parts.
Assessing the Relationship Between the Type of Internet Use and Internet Addiction in Early and Middle Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Study From Qatar
Authors: Chemnad Khansa , Aziz Maryam , Al- Harahsheh Sanaa , Abdelmoneium Azza , Baghdady Ahmed , Alsayed Hassan Diana , Ali Raian
Published: December 2024

Background

With the increasing prevalence of digital technology, adolescent internet addiction (IA) has become a global concern. Excessive internet use, especially among adolescents, has been linked to various negative outcomes such as poor academic performance, social isolation, and mental health issues. Conducted among adolescents of Arab origin, our study addressed the limitations of the literature, which predominantly focuses on Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic populations.

Objective

This study aimed to differentiate between essential and nonessential internet use and how they relate to IA in early and middle adolescents, as well as the relationship between subjective happiness with the amount of time spent on nonessential internet use and IA.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 377 students from 16 schools in Qatar. The survey measured essential and nonessential internet use, subjective happiness with nonessential use, and IA symptoms using the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, as well as participant demographics. To explore age-specific associations, participants were categorized into early (age 11-13 years) and middle (age 14-17 years) adolescents. Factorial analysis, multiple regression, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Nonessential internet use significantly predicted IA in both early (P<.001) and middle (P<.001) adolescents, with early adolescents showing a stronger association. Subjective happiness with nonessential internet use negatively predicted IA only in middle adolescents (P<.001) as greater dissatisfaction led to a higher IA risk. Essential internet use did not predict IA in either group.

Conclusions

Differentiating between essential and nonessential internet use is crucial in understanding IA. This study highlights the importance of developmental differences in shaping IA symptoms. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at addressing IA should be age specific and focus on addressing nonessential use specifically rather than considering internet use and screen time in general as a single entity. Cultural and regional factors also play a role in shaping internet use patterns and IA in the Middle East, necessitating context-specific, culturally sensitive approaches to IA prevention.
Insights from a Mixed-Methods Analysis of Three Health Technologies used in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: The Patients’ Perspective (Preprint)
Authors: Pérez-Rangel Daniel , H.G. Monje Mariana , Grosjean Sylvie , Srp Martin , Antunes Laura , Bouça-Machado Raquel , Cacho Ricardo , Domínguez Sergio , Inocentes John , Lynch Timothy , Tsakanika Argyri , Fotiadis Dimitrios , Rigas George , Růžička Evžen , Ferreira Joaquim , Antonini Angelo , Malpica Norberto , Mestre Tiago , Sánchez-Ferro Álvaro ,   iCARE-PD Consortium
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

We are transitioning to a patient-centered integrated care model in Parkinson's disease (PD), where technology can play a crucial role. The concept of 'technology-enabled care' (TEC) applies to diagnosis, tracking clinical progression, patient education for self-care and care team communication among other things. However, there are still gaps in the framework for creating and evaluating patient-centered TEC solutions.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the usability and acceptability of three health technologies for PD and discuss the significance of the results.

METHODS

A multicenter international study was conducted between December 2020 and September 2023, involving five tertiary PD centers. The study utilized the System Usability Scale (SUS) as the primary quantitative outcome measure. A survey was developed to comprehensively evaluate usability and acceptability and qualitative analyses with thematic evaluation was conducted.

RESULTS

A total of 43 people with Parkinson´s disease (PwP) (15 females) were evaluated with a median age of 67.0 years (IQR:59.9-71.5), and a median time since diagnosis of 9.6 years (IQR:5.0-13.7). The three health technologies were found to be within acceptable usability values (median SUS values ranging from 74.0 to 82.5), with good user acceptance and interest in future use. Qualitative data analyses suggests that PwP valued how confident they felt with the use of technology and recognized their value in living with PD. Technical features such as the need of technical support, clear instructions, and easy-to-understand reports were mentioned as essential aspects to PwP.

CONCLUSIONS

In our study, we showcase the value of patient’s perspective in the development of health technologies, identifying positive user experiences and areas of improvement. Addressing usability concerns and ensuring robust technical support are vital for enhancing user satisfaction and advancing patient-centered healthcare technology implementation to improve disease management.