bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Development on Transition Metal Oxides‐Based Core–Shell Structures for Boosted Energy Density Supercapacitors
Authors: Malavekar Dhanaji , Pujari Sachin , Jang Suyoung , Bachankar Shital , Kim Jin Hyeok
Published: April 2024

In recent years, nanomaterials exploration and synthesis have played a crucial role in advancing energy storage research, particularly in supercapacitor development. Researchers have diversified materials, including metal oxides, chalcogenides, and composites, as well as carbon materials, to enhance energy and power density. Balancing energy density with electrochemical stability remains challenging, driving intensified efforts in advancing electrode materials. This review focuses on recent progress in designing and synthesizing core–shell materials tailored for supercapacitors. The core–shell architecture offers advantages such as increased surface area, redox active sites, electrical conductivity, ion diffusion kinetics, specific capacitance, and cyclability. The review explores the impact of core and shell materials, specifically transition metal oxides (TMOs), on supercapacitor electrochemical behavior. Metal oxide choices, such as cobalt oxide as a preferred core and manganese oxide as a shell, are discussed. The review also highlights characterization techniques for assessing structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of core–shell materials. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of ongoing TMOs‐based core–shell material research for supercapacitors, showcasing their potential to enhance energy storage for applications ranging from gadgets to electric vehicles. The review outlines existing challenges and future opportunities in evolving TMOs‐based core–shell materials for supercapacitor advancements, holding promise for high‐efficiency energy storage devices.
Atomically Contacted Cs3Bi2Br9 QDs@UiO‐66 Composite for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Fang Zhaohui , Yue Xiaoyang , Xiang Quanjun
Published: April 2024

Metal halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are widely studied in the field of photocatalytic CO2 due to their strong light absorption and long carrier migration length. However, it can not exhibit high catalytic performance because of the radiative recombination and the lack of effective catalytic sites. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) encapsulated QDs can not only solve the aforementioned problems, but also maintain their own unique characteristics with ultra‐high specific surfaces area and abundant metal sites. In this work, lead‐free bismuth‐based halide perovskite QDs are encapsulated into Zr‐based MOF (UiO‐66), which combines the advantages with high power conversion efficiency of QDs and the high surface area and porosity of UiO‐66. In addition, benefiting from the close contact between the Cs3Bi2Br9 QDs and the UiO‐66 enables the photogenerated electrons in the QDs to be rapidly transferred to the MOF. As a result, the Cs3Bi2Br9@UiO‐66 composite exhibits a higher yield for photocatalytic CO2 reduction than that of the prepared large‐sized composite of Cs3Bi2Br9 and UiO‐66.
A retrospective multicentre clinical study on management of isolated splenic vein thrombosis: risks and benefits of anticoagulation
Authors: Eltweri A. M. , Basamh M. , Ting Y. Y. , Harris M. , Garcea G. , Kuan L. L.
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Isolated splenic vein thrombosis (iSVT) is a common complication of pancreatic disease. Whilst patients remain asymptomatic, there is a risk of sinistral portal hypertension and subsequent bleeding from gastric varices if recanalisation does not occur. There is wide variation of iSVT treatment, even within single centres. We report outcomes of iSVT from tertiary referral hepatobiliary and pancreatic (HPB) units including the impact of anticoagulation on recanalisation rates and subsequent variceal bleeding risk.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study including all patients diagnosed with iSVT on contrast-enhanced CT scan abdomen and pelvis between 2011 and 2019 from two institutions. Patients with both SVT and portal vein thrombosis at diagnosis and isolated splenic vein thrombosis secondary to malignancy were excluded. The outcomes of anticoagulation, recanalisation rates, risk of bleeding and progression to portal vein thrombosis were examined using CT scan abdomen and pelvis with contrast.

Results

Ninety-eight patients with iSVT were included, of which 39 patients received anticoagulation (40%). The most common cause of iSVT was acute pancreatitis n = 88 (90%). The recanalisation rate in the anticoagulation group was 46% vs 15% in patients receiving no anticoagulation (p = 0.0008, OR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.775 to 11.72). Upper abdominal vascular collaterals (demonstrated on CT scan angiography) were significantly less amongst patients who received anticoagulation treatment (p = 0.03, OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.1736 to 0.9288). The overall rate of upper GI variceal-related bleeding was 3% (n = 3/98) and it was independent of anticoagulation treatment. Two of the patients received therapeutic anticoagulation.

Conclusion

The current data supports that therapeutic anticoagulation is associated with a statistically significant increase in recanalisation rates of the splenic vein, with a subsequent reduction in radiological left-sided portal hypertension. However, all patients had a very low risk of variceal bleeding regardless of anticoagulation. The findings from this retrospective study should merit further investigation in large-scale randomised clinical trials.
A technical-economic analysis of integrating vine prunings energy conversion systems for CHP production in local wineries
Authors: Morselli Nicoló , Puglia Marco , Capozzolo Gerardo , Allesina Giulio , Muscio Alberto , Tartarini Paolo , Pedrazzi Simone
Published: April 2024

This study proposes the energy conversion of vine prunings to supply energy to local wineries, with a focus on the Riunite & CIV branch winery located in Carpi (Modena, Italy), exploring the possibility of generating both electricity and heat through biomass gasification. A Matlab-Simulink model is used to evaluate the energy savings that can be achieved when an energy storage system is coupled with the combined heat and power generation system. Within this context, the results showed that it is possible to save $$\approx $$
≈
30% of the electricity and $$\approx $$
≈
60% of the thermal energy demanded by the winery. However, the economic viability of the project is hindered by high investment and operation costs. DPB is strongly affected by the cost of biomass and the energy prices, resulting in a profitable investment for electricity prices higher than 0.30 $$\div>$$

÷
>

0.57 €/kWh according to the different scenarios investigated.
An Exploratory Study of Prescription Pain Medication Misuse with and without Heroin Use Among Adolescents
Authors: Jalilian-Khave Laya , Stefanovics Elina A. , Zhai Zu Wei , Potenza Marc N.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Aims: Opioid misuse is an epidemic in the United States and globally, with adolescents affected by negative consequences including overdoses and deaths. Understanding how mental health and substance use relate to specific types of opioid use is thus important. Methods: Data from the 2019 Connecticut Youth Risk Behavior Survey were analyzed. Chi squares and adjusted odds ratios were computed to relate demographic variables, mental health, and substance use measures to misuse of prescription pain medications with and without heroin use, as compared to neither . Results: Among 1,931 high-school respondents, 8.8 % (n=180) reported prescription pain medication misuse (PPMM+), and 1.4 % (n=28) also reported using heroin (PPMM/HU+). PPMM+ was associated with being female while PPMM/HU+ was associated with being non-White and male. Poorer mental health was associated with PPMM+, and suicidality measures were strongly related to PPMM/HU+. Use of other substances was reported with PPMM+ and PPMM/HU+, with use of vapor products, including on school grounds, particularly linked to the latter. Conclusions: PPMM+ and PPMM/HU+ are associated with suicidality and substance use among adolescents, with suicidality particularly related to PPMM/HU+. Having access to and using substances on school property suggests the need for school-based and other interventions.
Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit Alkohol
Authors: Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Auwärter Volker , Batra Anil , Bell-D‘Avis Simone , Bischof Gallus , Bschor Tom , Effertz Tobias , Fricke Ernst , Hanewinkel Reiner , Hansjürgens Rita , Havemann-Reinecke Ursula , Hayer Tobias , John Ulrich , Kiefer Falk , Kuhlmann Thomas , Liel Katrin , Redecker Thomas , Rehbein Florian , Reimer Jens , Reuband Karl-Heinz , Scherbaum Norbert , Seitz Helmut K. , Sell Stefan , Soellner Renate , Winkler Klaudia , Wodarz Norbert , Wolstein Jörg
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung: Ziele: Die bisherigen Empfehlungen der Deutschen Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen (DHS) zum Umgang mit Alkohol gingen von einem Grenzwert für risikoarmen Konsum aus. Ziel dieser Stellungnahme ist, diese Empfehlung zu aktualisieren. Methode: Es erfolgte eine narrative Sichtung der aktuellen Literatur hinsichtlich des Zusammenhangs von Alkoholkonsum und der Entwicklung von Morbidität und Mortalität durch eine Arbeitsgruppe des Wissenschaftlichen Kuratoriums der DHS. Die Zusammenfassung der Evidenz und die daraus abgeleiteten Empfehlungen wurden innerhalb des gesamten Kuratoriums konsentiert und vom Vorstand der DHS modifiziert beschlossen . Ergebnisse: Ein positiver Zusammenhang von Alkoholkonsum und Gesundheit, wie er in früheren Studien gefunden wurde, ist auf methodische Mängel zurückzuführen. Somit kann nicht von einer gesundheitsförderlichen Wirkung von Alkohol ausgegangen werden. Der Stand der Literatur belegt einen linearen Zusammenhang von Alkoholkonsum und der Entwicklung von Erkrankungen sowie dem vorzeitigen Versterben. Die linearen Beziehungen von Alkoholkonsummengen mit Erkrankungs- oder Sterbewahrscheinlichkeiten betreffen verbreitete Erkrankungen. Schlussfolgerung: Empfehlungen auf der Basis von risikoarmen Trinkmengen lassen sich nicht mehr aufrechterhalten. Stattdessen wird empfohlen, den Alkoholkonsum – unabhängig von der Alkoholtrinkmenge – zu reduzieren. Für die körperliche Gesundheit ist es am besten keinen Alkohol zu trinken.
High-quality faba bean reference transcripts generated using PacBio and Illumina RNA-seq data
Authors: Zhao Na , Zhou Enqiang , Miao Yamei , Xue Dong , Wang Yongqiang , Wang Kaihua , Gu Chunyan , Yao Mengnan , Zhou Yao , Li Bo , Wang Xuejun , Wei Libin
Published: April 2024

The genome of faba bean was first published in 2023. To promote future molecular breeding studies, we improved the quality of the faba genome based on high-density genetic maps and the Illumina and Pacbio RNA-seq datasets. Two high-density genetic maps were used to conduct the scaffold ordering and orientation of faba bean, culminating in an increased length (i.e., 14.28 Mbp) of chromosomes and a decrease in the number of scaffolds by 45. In gene model mining and optimisation, the PacBio and Illumina RNA-seq datasets from 37 samples allowed for the identification and correction 121,606 transcripts, and the data facilitated a prediction of 15,640 alternative splicing events, 2,148 lncRNAs, and 1,752 fusion transcripts, thus allowing for a clearer understanding of the gene structures underlying the faba genome. Moreover, a total of 38,850 new genes including 56,188 transcripts were identified compared with the reference genome. Finally, the genetic data of the reference genome was integrated and a comprehensive and complete faba bean transcriptome sequence of 103,267 transcripts derived from 54,753 uni-genes was formed.
Short-term creep approach to redefining the role of 17-4PH stainless steel for high-temperature applications
Authors: Spigarelli S. , Cabibbo M. , Santoni A. , Santecchia E.
Published: April 2024

The creep response of the 17-4PH martensitic age-hardening steel in H1150 state was investigated at 427 and 482 °C. Hardness measurements of the heads of the creep samples demonstrated that the material underwent additional age hardening during the high-temperature exposure. Microstructural investigations confirmed that the additional precipitation of carbides and the G-phase occurred at the lowest temperature. A set of constitutive equations previously developed to describe the creep response of particle-strengthened alloys was successfully used to obtain a comprehensive description of the experimental data. The value of the particle strengthening term was obtained from the hardness measurements and corresponded to the Orowan stress. The model accurately described the observed minimum creep rate dependence on the applied stress and explained the occurrence of lower values of the minimum strain rate observed during variable-load experiments.
Urban growth’s implications on land surface temperature in a medium-sized European city based on LCZ classification
Authors: Zwolska Aleksandra , Półrolniczak Marek , Kolendowicz Leszek
Published: April 2024

The study determined the influence of changes in land use and land cover (LULC) on land surface temperature (LST) over a 33-year period based on a medium-sized European city (Poznań, Poland). The LST was estimated from Landsat 5, 8 and Terra (MOD11A2v6) satellites. The local estimation of climate patterns was based on the Local Climate Zones (LCZ) classification utilised with the methodology proposed by the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT). Moreover, the Copernicus’ imperviousness density product (IMD) was used. Between 2006 and 2018 the area with IMD of 41–100% increased by 6.95 km2, 0–20% decreased by 7.03 km2. The contribution of built-up LCZs increased by 7.4% (19.21 km2) between 1988 and 2021 reaching 13% (34 km2) within open mid-rise LCZ. Due to urbanisation and reforestation, low plants LCZ shrunk by 12.7%. For every 10% increase in IMD, LST increases by up to 0.14 °C. Between 1988 and 2021 the LSTm in specific LCZs rose from 1.52 up to 2.97 °C. As per LST models LCZ change from natural to built-up led up to 1.19 °C LST rise. The increase of the LSTm was registered even when the LCZ remained unchanged.
Distribution patterns and co-occurrence network of eukaryotic algae in different salinity waters of Yuncheng Salt Lake, China
Authors: Yang Jing , Wang Chuanxu , Wang Zhuo , Li Yunjie , Yu Huiying , Feng Jia , Xie Shulian , Li Xin
Published: April 2024

The community structure and co-occurrence pattern of eukaryotic algae in Yuncheng Salt Lake were analyzed based on marker gene analysis of the 18S rRNA V4 region to understand the species composition and their synergistic adaptations to the environmental factors in different salinity waters. The results showed indicated that the overall algal composition of Yuncheng Salt Lake showed a Chlorophyta-Pyrrophyta-Bacillariophyta type structure. Chlorophyta showed an absolute advantage in all salinity waters. In addition, Cryptophyta dominated in the least saline waters; Pyrrophyta and Bacillariophyta were the dominant phyla in the waters with salinity ranging from 13.2 to 18%. Picochlorum, Nannochloris, Ulva, and Tetraselmis of Chlorophyta, Biecheleria and Oxyrrhis of Pyrrophyta, Halamphora, Psammothidium, and Navicula of Bacillariophyta, Guillardia and Rhodomonas of Cryptophyta were not observed in previous surveys of the Yuncheng Salt Lake, suggesting that the algae are undergoing a constant turnover as the water environment of the Salt Lake continues to change. The network diagram demonstrated that the algae were strongly influenced by salinity, NO3−, and pH, changes in these environmental factors would lead to changes in the algal community structure, thus affecting the stability of the network structure.
Faulty line detection for cross‐line same‐phase successive ground faults in distribution network based on transient characteristics
Authors: Wang Yizhao , Feng Chuan , Liu Jian , Dong Xuan , Yuan Jiawei , Jiao Zaibin
Published: April 2024

Currently, theoretical analysis of single‐phase grounding (SPG) faults in low‐current grounding systems has reached a high level of refinement, and the corresponding detection methods have matured. However, there is a significant lack of research on successive grounding (SG) faults, particularly in the area of detecting cross‐line same‐phase successive grounding (CSSG) faults in arc suppression coil grounding systems. To address these issues, a novel faulty line detection method based on transient characteristics of CSSG is proposed. Firstly, a transient equivalent circuit is established, and the characteristics of transient zero‐sequence current (ZSC) are theoretically analysed. Secondly, variational mode decomposition (VMD) is employed to extract low and high‐frequency information from intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Subsequently, a fault initiation criterion based on kurtosis theory and the Teager‐Kaiser energy operator (TKEO) is proposed, which can accurately detect the occurrence time of secondary faults. Finally, a method for faulty line detection based on cross‐correlation distance (CCD) and transient energy (TE) is proposed. The results of PSCAD simulation under different conditions and field test affirm the accuracy of the analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
MSPAN: Multi‐scale pyramid attention network for efficient skin cancer lesion segmentation
Authors: Ahmed Noor , Xin Tan , Lizhuang Ma
Published: April 2024

Skin cancer is common and deadly, needs to be detected and treated properly. Deep learning algorithms like UNet have shown potential results in medical imaging. Such approaches still struggle to capture fine‐grained details and scale differences in skin lesions‐based occlusions' appearance, size etc. This research proposes a redesign UNet, the Multi‐Scale Pyramid Attention Network (MSPAN), to improve skin cancer lesion segmentation. The input data is processed at numerous scales with varied receptive fields. This enhances the network's ability to identify lesion locations by capturing local and global context. Attention approaches also help the network to suppress noise by focusing on informative features. We have evaluated MSPAN model on the publicly available ISIC2018 benchmark dataset for skin lesion segmentation. The method surpasses traditional UNet and other current methods in accuracy and effectiveness. The model also has a post‐processing to estimate lesion area for fast inference, making it suitable for extensive screening. Redesigned UNet with the Multi‐Scale Pyramid Attention Network improves skin cancer lesion segmentation. The model's ability to collect fine‐grained information and handle occlusions allows for more accurate skin cancer diagnosis and treatment. The MSPAN design can improve computer‐aided diagnosis systems and help dermatologists make precise clinical decisions.
UM‐GAN: Underground mine GAN for underground mine low‐light image enhancement
Authors: Han Wenwu , Xiao Yigai , Yin Yu
Published: April 2024

In recent years, low‐light image enhancement has become increasingly active. However, in underground mine environments, acquiring high‐quality images is still challenging due to low light, low contrast, and occlusion. To address this problem, this study proposes a low‐light image enhancement method for underground mine based on generative adversarial networks (UM‐GAN), which aims to take full advantage of the ability of GAN to achieve the restoration of details, the reduction of noise, and the improvement of overall image quality. The model proposed in this paper is divided into three main parts. Initially, a generator network adopting an encoder–decoder structure is developed. Subsequently, a novel strategy is introduced to merge information by utilizing inverted greyscale images and low‐light images as inputs. Further image quality enhancement is achieved by incorporating a noise reduction module employing the diffusion model. To ascertain the efficacy of the UM‐GAN method, evaluations are conducted on diverse real‐world and synthetic datasets, juxtaposing the approach against superior methods. Through qualitative and quantitative comparative experiments, the method showcases noteworthy advancements through qualitative and quantitative comparative experiments, substantiating its effectiveness. This research provides new ideas and methods for overcoming image quality problems in underground mine environments and contributes to the development of underground mine image processing.
The effect of flour-based feed black soldier fly larvae on crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens) growth
Authors: Subchan Wachju , Dwiana Nawangsari Fidia , Prihatin Jekti
Published: April 2024

Feeding in accordance with the level of nutritional needs can support the optimum growth of crayfish. Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae has potential as feed source because it contains high protein, relatively short harvest period, available in abundance. This study aims to determine the effect of feed pellets made from BSF larvae flour on the growth of crayfish. This research was carried out from October 2022 to January 2023 at the Zoology Laboratory of the Biology Education Department, University of Jember. This study used a laboratory experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD). The research used 3 treatments and 3 replications, namely control (P0) using fish flour-based feeding, treatment 1 (P1) using BSF flour-based feed, and treatment 2 (P2) using fish flour and BSF flour-based feed. Parameters observed include carapace length, wet biomass, dry biomass, Feed Utilization Efficiency (FUE), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) that measured once a week. The results showed that the three treatments had no effect significantly. Based on the result, pellet feed designed using BSF larvae flour and fish flour can be recommended as an alternative feed for replacement pellet feed that formulated using fish flour.
Reducing Cadmium and Lead Contamination in Cacao: A Bibliometric Analysis of 10 Years of Research Using Bibliometrics
Authors: Elmatsani Huda M. , Munarso A. Joni , Rahardjo Yogi P. , Benyamin Bonnie O. , Sjafrina Noveria , Astuti Puji , Arianto Arief , Lukas Amos , Jusuf Djafar Mochammad
Published: April 2024

Theobroma cacao L., a special crop, is used to make famous culinary products like chocolate that are distributed all over the world. However, heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) can taint cacao, posing health risks to farmers and consumers. Scientists and researchers are examining ways to lessen the toxicity and uptake of Cd and Pb in cacao and are putting forth prospective strategies to restrict their uptake and accumulation in cocoa. This study aims to examine the literature from the last ten years of scientific research on preventing Cd and Pb absorption into cocoa using bibliometrics from RStudio. We collected 446 articles with 2118 authors from Scopus and Web of Science, published between 2014 and 2023. Food Research International and Science of The Total Environment are the two journals with the most relevant publications about Cd and Pb contamination in cacao. The findings of the bibliometric analysis revealed that not only Cd and Pb but also other heavy metals were present in cocoa. Several studies have explored ways to prevent or reduce metal uptake by cacao, such as biochar and organic matter, lime and micronutrients, and cacao genotypes with low accumulation. Postharvest handling, such as fermentation and winnowing, is also potentially used to reduce Cd and Pb content.
Community Structure of Dragonflies (Odonata) at Garahan Resort, Sempolan, Perhutani, Forest Management Unit (KPH) Jember
Authors: Rohman Abdu , Srindani Karlita Nurwulan Fanny , Subchan Wachju , Chandra Buana Yunanta
Published: April 2024

A community is a conglomeration of diverse groups coexisting within a shared geographical location and temporal framework. Different approaches can be used to explain community structure, focusing on species diversity, species interactions, and functional organization. The biodiversity of dragonflies in Indonesia is significantly abundant. Dragonflies play multiple ecological roles and inhabit diverse habitats, as evidenced by recent research conducted in January 2023. This study aimed to investigate the composition and organization of the dragonfly community. The research design employed in this study is exploratory and descriptive. The identification of station sites through the purposive sampling method. The sampling locations consisted of a pine forest and the Garahan jungle. The road sampling approach utilizes the sweeping technique. The investigation yielded a total of thirteen distinct species of dragonflies. The study reveals the presence of two endemic species, Paragomphus reinwardtii and Heliocypha fenestrata, with a diversity index value (H’) of 1.653, falling into the medium group. The dominance index (D) exhibits a value of 0.263, indicating its classification within the low group. The evenness index (E) value at 0.401 falls into the medium group. A species similarity index (SI) of 75% is categorized as high. Canonical Corresponding Analysis (CCA) reveals a positive correlation between the species Ortherum Sabina, Orthetrum glaucum, Vestalis luctuosa, Diplacodes trivialis, Euphaea variegata, Coeliccia membranipes, Gynacantha subinterrupta, Paragomphus reinwardtii, and Zygonix ida with light intensity, air humidity, and wind speed.
Molecular Docking of Interaction between D7 Protein from the Salivary Gland of Aedes aegypti and Leukotriene A4 for Developing Thrombolytic Agent
Authors: Wathon Syubbanul , Oktarianti Rike , Senjarini Kartika
Published: April 2024

The salivary glands of mosquitoes contain protein molecules that facilitate blood-feeding. One important protein in Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) salivary glands is the D7 protein, which is known to inhibit platelet aggregation by binding to leukotriene A4 molecules upon blood-feeding. Leukotriene A4 is known as a molecule that improves platelet aggregation. This ability to bind to leukotriene A4 demonstrates the potential of a new thrombolytic agent. This can be investigated through an in-silico study using the molecular docking method. The present study involved the 3D structure of the D7 protein and the Leukotriene A4 ligand. It also comprised preparing their structures, validating the molecular docking method, and analyzing the outcomes. The result of the molecular docking documented an ΔG value of 6.63 kcal/mol, which signified stable and spontaneous binding between the D7 protein and the leukotriene A4. The active site of the D7 protein when binding to the leukotriene A4 ligand involves several amino acid residues, namely GLN 177, TYR 178, ARG 176, VAL 193, ILE 175, MET 194, PHE 154, PHE 186, HIS 189, TYR 248 and PHE 264. The ability to bind to leukotriene A4, as an inducer of platelet aggregation, evidences the potential as a novel thrombolytic agent.
Effect of Gender on Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Anggraini Rahayu , Firdaus  , Dyah Wulandari Devyana , Iman Yulian Pratama Naufal , Sahri Moch.
Published: April 2024

In women aged 17-50 years, a decrease in Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels will increase the hormone estrogen which requires cholesterol, so that cholesterol becomes low through inhibition of liver cholesterol biosynthesis. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in cholesterol levels between women and men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The study design was a cross-sectional analytic observational and purposive sampling technique with inclusion criteria of HbA1c > 6.5%. As a result, the average age of the male respondents was 44 years (SD±18.4), HbA1c 8.5% (SD±2.4), and cholesterol 212 mg/dL (SD±40), the average age of females was 58 years old (SD ± 7.7, HbA1c 10.6% (SD ± 3.4), and cholesterol 181 mg/dL (SD ± 37.6). The results of the Mann- Whitney test with p = 0.038 (p <0.05) mean that there is a significant difference in cholesterol levels between men and women, which means there are differences in how the brain works between men and premenopausal women who suffer from type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Suggestions for future researchers, it is necessary to conduct research on High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in premenopausal women regarding the role of estrogen and FSH in regulating cholesterol.
Corn genotypes with resistance to fungal plant pathogens and Ostrinia furnacalis Guenee
Authors: Telichko Olga , Lastushkina Elena , Morokhovets Vadim
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the data of a study on different corn genotypes (zea mays) from a control nursery. Corn is one of the staple crops grown in the south of the Russian Far East. The intensive use of zea mays has been creating outbreaks of fungal diseases and phytophagous pests. For this reason, breeding corn hybrids (varieties) with resistance to plant pathogens and pests is necessary. Our research identified hybrids with high resistance to Ostrinia furnacalis G., Helminthosporium turcicum Р. Bipolaris spp., and Fusarium moniliforme S. The following hybrids had the highest resistance to Helminthosporium turcicum Р.: Primorskii 502, Primorskii 546, Primorskii 547, Primorskii 567, Primorskii 587, Primorskii 588, and Primorskii 597. Hybrids Primorskii 561 and Primorskii 794 were the most resistant to Bipolaris spp. Hybrids Primorskii 563, Primorskii 576, Primorskii 621, Primorskii 730, and Primorskii 697 were characterized by the highest resistance to Fusarium moniliforme S.
Determination of absorption properties of natural sorbents under dynamic conditions
Authors: Ovchinnikov Alexey , Bocharnikov Viktor , Bocharnikova Olesya , Pustovalov Evgeniy , Denisova Maria , Kozinskaya Olga , Repenko Tatiana
Published: April 2024

The relevance of research on the absorption properties of sorbents is due to the need for an individual approach in the selection of filter media for wastewater treatment, depending on their chemical composition. In the presented article sorption properties of sorbents were studied under dynamic conditions. For this purpose, a laboratory-experimental installation for the treatment of natural and waste water was mounted. In the research three types of filtering loads were used: 1 - homogeneous load from activated carbon of BAU-A mark; 2 - combined load from activated carbon and zeolite with particle size of 5 mm; 3 - zeolite with fraction of 5 mm, 3 mm, and 1 mm. Among the studied samples of sorbents, zeolite loading with particle sizes of 5 mm, 3 mm, and 1 mm showed the best performance. Other types of loadings, such as activated carbon BAU-A and combined carbon loadings with zeolite were ineffective, because the sorption coefficient did not meet the MAC requirements.
Impact of environmental change on crop yield case study of the Trans-Baikal region
Authors: Alekseev A.M.
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the impact of climatic conditions on the development of grain and leguminous crops in the Trans-Baikal region. Insufficient precipitation, droughts, early frosts, and a short growing season limit the choice of crops suitable for cultivation in the region. Grain crops, which occupy the largest share of sown areas, are chosen as the object of research. Based on theoretical and economic analysis and data on sown areas, yield, average temperature, and precipitation during the growing season, a regression model has been constructed to assess the impact of climatic factors on the gross grain harvest in the Trans-Baikal region.
Increasing the yield and quality of potato tubers of the Smolyanochka variety in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Romanova I.N. , Martynova K.V. , Solntseva O.I. , Perepichai M.I. , Skobeev I.N. , Nikolaeva I.V. , Mozgovoy A.I.
Published: April 2024

The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Smolensk State Agricultural Academy in 2021-2023. The object of study was the Smolyanochka potato variety with different planting patterns, nutritional area and background mineral fertilizers. In our studies, depending on the dose of mineral fertilizers, the yield ranged from 25.7 to 52.8 t/ha and it was highest in the intensive background variants (N90P120K120) with the use of Vitanol and the complex use of Vitanol and Aminotal root - 50.8-52, 8 t/ha. Also, the use of these drugs leads to an increase in the formation of stolons from 77 to 78%, which is 5-16% higher than options without fertilizing. It has been established that the optimal feeding area for obtaining maximum yield for the Smolyanochka potato variety is 0.21 - 0.27 m2; its further reduction or increase leads to a decrease in yield. The highest yield of the seed fraction of the potato variety Smolyanochka was obtained with the schemes 70x20 (27.3 t/ha) and 80x20 (27.4 t/ha) with a multiplication factor of 7-8. At the same time, a commercial fraction yield of 74-96% was obtained with sparse planting schemes and a feeding area of 0.21-0.35 m2.
Technological aspects of increasing the meat productivity of rabbits using an adsorbent with a probiotic component SYMBITOX
Authors: Kurchaeva Elena , Vostroilov Alexander , Ventsova Inna , Zvyagin Ruslan
Published: April 2024

In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of using the feed additive Symbitox with probiotic–sorbent properties in rearing hybrid Hycol rabbits. Experimental studies were conducted in 2023 at an industrial rabbit breeding complex, Lipetsk Rabbit LLC, on a group of hybrid rabbit offspring selected at 30 days old after weaning from does. The animals were divided into groups using the pairwise comparison method, with 15 clinically healthy animals per group. Individuals in the control group were kept on a standard farm diet with PZK-94 GRN compound feed. Individuals in the experimental groups received PZK-94 GRN compound feed with varying amounts of the adsorbent Symbitox according to the research scheme: group 1 (control), group 2 (PZK + Symbitox 1.0 kg/ton of feed), and group 3 (PZK + Symbitox 2.0 kg/ton of feed). The effectiveness of using the feed additive Symbitox on the growth performance of rabbit offspring was confirmed. We established that rabbits in group 1 (control) lagged behind the animals in the experimental groups in terms of carcass weight: by 290 g (18.12%) for group 2 and by 407.0 g (25.43%) for group 3. The maximum slaughter yield was recorded in group 3 (dosage of 2.0 kg/ton of feed) and exceeded the control group indicator by 10.90%. Thus, the investigated feed additive Symbitox is a promising animal-feeding resource that increases rabbits’ productive performance in the industrial rabbit breeding industry.
Characteristics of the genetic structure at the beta- and kappa-casein locus in the studied dairy breeds of cattle
Authors: Marzanov N.S. , Devrishov D.A. , Marzanova S.N. , Bukarov N.G. , Libet I.S.
Published: April 2024

In total, the research involved 148 heifers and cows of two breeds: Simmental and Ayrshire. Whole blood samples were obtained from three regions: Tambov (Simmental), Tula and Vladimir (Ayrshire) regions. Two breeds were analyzed for two milk protein loci: beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3). The results of a comparative assessment of the frequency of occurrence of alleles and genotypes at the beta-casein (CSN2) and kappa-casein (CSN3) loci in the two studied breeds are presented. A narrowing of the allelotype was noted in cows of the Ayrshire breed. Genogeographic analysis showed that polymorphism and the formation of the allelotype of the studied populations are influenced by breed, level of selection work, direction of productivity and possibly the external environment. In heifers and cows of the studied breeds, the total occurrence of “bad” CSN2A1 and CSN2B alleles at the beta-casein locus was higher than CSN2A2. Both breeds completely lacked the CSN2A3 allele, and the Ayrshires had the even worse CSN2A1/B genotype. The reason for this situation is the lack of demand and selection focus in working with breeds based on the beta- and kappa-casein locus. An imbalance of genetic balance was noted at the beta-casein locus in the Ayrshire population of the Tula region (χ2=4.890311; df=1; Р<0.05), at the kappa-casein locus in Simmental heifers (χ2=11.0435; df=1; Р<0.001) and a tendency to disturb the genetic balance was noted in Ayrshire cows of the Tula region (χ2=3.816924; df=1; Р~0.05). In the studied breeds, mutant CD18A, SLC35A3G, FANCIBY alleles causing hereditary diseases in dairy cattle were not identified.
The influence of selection of sires according to the degree of plumage pigmentation on the autosexness of guinea fowl
Authors: Roiter Yakov , Degtyareva Olga
Published: April 2024

The studies were carried out on cream and silver guinea fowl populations at Genefond LLC, Moscow region. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of selecting sires with contrasting down pigmentation on the accuracy of sexing guinea fowl offspring. The basis for the creation of an autosex maternal form was cream and silver guinea fowl, carriers of the silver “S” and golden “s” genes, which in preliminary experiments showed the possibility of sexing them according to the degree of plumage pigmentation. To conduct the study, two groups of guinea fowl with cream and silver colored plumage were recruited at 20 weeks of age. In each group there were 6 selection nests; males with weak pigmentation and females with strong plumage pigmentation were taken into the nest. The ratio of males to females in the nest was 1:6. Experiments have shown the absence of significant differences between cream and silver guinea fowl populations in quantitative and qualitative indicators of sperm production, fertilization and egg hatchability. The selection of producers when recruiting a breeding herd with a contrasting plumage color (males with weak, females with strong plumage pigmentation) ensured an increase in the accuracy of sexing cream guinea fowl by 5.1%, silver guinea fowl by 1.8%, while the number of nests with sexing accuracy was more than 95 %, for cream guinea fowl it was 50%, for silver guinea fowl 66.7%, respectively.
Prospects for the use of probiotics in pig breeding
Authors: Ivannikova Regina , Pimenov Nikolay , Ryazanov Igor , Tishchenko Alexander , Laishevtcev Alexey
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the effectiveness of various groups of probiotics in the context of use in pig farming, based on real research. Aspects such as the effect of probiotics on the growth and development of piglets, the health and composition of the intestinal microflora, as well as the overall productivity of pigs, including sows, are considered. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that different groups of probiotics have a diverse effect on the production performance of pigs. The use of various drugs, according to research, can help increase the fertility and safety of piglets. And some probiotics can be effective in rearing piglets, reducing feed costs and improving growth parameters. The article emphasizes the importance of choosing the optimal group of probiotics depending on the specific conditions and tasks of pig farming.
The relationship between the milk productivity of cows and their daughters in an Ayrshire herd in the conditions of North-West Russia
Authors: Komlyk Irina , Grishina Natalia
Published: April 2024

Selection of cows based on the productivity of their mothers is an important part of breeding work. The purpose of the study is to analyze the manifestation of high productivity of Ayrshire cows depending on the milk yield of their mothers. The heritability of milk yield and composition of mothers’ milk by daughters was established to be 0.410-0.112. The maximum number of daughters with a milk yield of 10 thousand kg or more was identified in the 3rd lactation (up to 27.9%). It is advisable to select cows for herd reproduction from mothers evaluated by the results of the 3rd lactation.
Life cycle assessment and sustainable development of mineral fertilizers production
Authors: Meshalkin Valeriy , Malyavin Andrey , Kostyleva Vera , Ivanova Victoria , Burvikova Juliana
Published: April 2024

Using the life cycle assessment methodology, this article analyzes the potential for developing a responsible production process for mineral fertilizers. By way of an example, the composition of the production facilities at a vertically integrated company is considered, and the main factors that negatively affect on the atmospheric air, waterbodies, and soils are identified. Based on the analysis of the best available and promising technologies, the main ways to mitigate the negative impact on the environment, human health, and natural resources are defined. It is concluded that the application of product life cycle assessment approaches makes it possible to identify priority environmental aspects at each stage and take them into consideration when developing and implementing programs to improve the resource and energy efficiency, as well as environmental performance of product production and consumption.
Floristic and ecological characteristics of algoflora of different types of reservoirs of the West Zarafshan Ridge (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Dustov Beknazar , Aitbayeva Kurbangul , Rakhmonov Vakhob , Tashpulatov Yigitali , Shernazarov Shavkat
Published: April 2024

This article provides a final study of the algal flora of different reservoirs of the West Zarafshan Range. The taxonomic, floristic and ecological features of the reservoirs were analyzed. In the studied reservoirs, 217 species of algae were identified, belonging to 5 divisions, 11 classes, 37 orders, 57 families, 97 genera. During the study, leading taxa (families and genera) were analyzed. The number of monotypic and less polymorphic taxa has a relatively large proportion compared to the total algal flora, which indicates a high biodiversity of algal flora. The highest indicators of the coefficient of similarity of the species composition of the studied reservoirs were noted in the Karatepa reservoir, Amankutansai (0.4) and Kuzichisai (0.35). This is explained by the fact that both streams flow directly into the Karatepa reservoir. The Muminabad reservoir has the lowest similarity coefficient with other reservoirs (0.15), which is caused by its geographic distance from other reservoirs, usually low water levels by the middle of the year, as well as the relatively smaller number of studies conducted.
The technology of crushed wood as a factor of environmentally safe forest management
Authors: Dolmatov Sergey , Makunina Yana , Voinash Sergey , Zagidullin Ramil , Yakushev Adel , Ariko Sergey , Gordeychik Andrey
Published: April 2024

The article considers the prospect of using technologies for processing low-quality, damaged wood and wood waste by grinding in the interests of energy use. The data on the dynamics of the increase in the areas of plantations with impaired and lost stability, the causes of these phenomena on the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are presented. Various options for the disposal and use of wood waste, including from logging activities, are described. The main advantages and possible disadvantages of the introduction of technological processes for grinding wood raw materials are also given. The analysis of trends in the production of wood pellets in Russia and the world is carried out. Attention is paid to minimizing the impact of existing wood processing technologies on environmental safety and improving the efficiency of business activities based on the involvement of wood waste in the production process as raw materials for the fuel and energy sector, as well as obtaining new, highly liquid products and materials. The materials of the work can be used in making decisions related to the involvement in industrial production or disposal of low-quality, damaged wood and wood waste.
The study of the criterion of the marginal and dynamic equilibrium of the riverbed
Authors: Baymanov Kenesbay , Baimanov Ruslan , Toreev Azat
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the stability criterion of Rusle from non-cohesive soils, and notes their advantages and disadvantages. A significant influence of the average slope and transport sediment flow on head losses was revealed. An assessment was made of the shape of the channel of the limiting and dynamic equilibrium of the channel laid in easily eroded soils - justified for considering the parameters of molasses. A number of empirical substitutabilities are given A number of empirical substitutabilities are given w0=f(d) and i=f(H⁄d), constructed based on hydrometrological data of Central Asian water basins, which can be used for practical calculation of watercourses. An improved method has been proposed that allows the design of river structures taking into account the criterion of equilibrium of fine sand sediment grains.
The effect of plant-associated rhizobacteria on the resistance of white mustard to soil drought
Authors: Lebedev Vitaliy , Kondrat Sofya , Uraev Grigorii , Khuaz Svetlana , Datkhuzheva Ruzana
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses the results of a vegetation experiment with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), namely such products as Agrofil, Mizorin, Flavobakterin, and Ekstrasol, used as organic fertilizers for white mustard of the Rapsodiya/Rhapsody variety (k-4278) grown in normal soil moisture and drought. The study aims to determine the role of plant-associated PGPR strains in physiological processes and productivity of white mustard grown in normal moisture and soil drought during the critical stages of plant development. The growth stimulators showed to increase plant productivity under normal moisture facilitating growth and an increase in the number of leaves and seeds. Insufficient soil moisture disrupts water balance in plants. The seeds treated with PGPR were more physiologically stable and retained more water under short-term drought facilitating sufficient seed yield. Mizorin and Flavobakterin proved to be most effective under normal moisture, while the seeds inoculated with Agrofil performed best—both biologically and economically—in drought.
Preliminary results on the chemical components of Lagerstroemia indica L. in the conditions of southern Uzbekistan
Authors: Sharopova M.A. , Uzakov Z.Z. , Xaitov I.Y.
Published: April 2024

The article talks about the widespread use in medicine and veterinary medicine of many herbal preparations that affect the immune systemAn organism experiencing the effects of adverse factors needs support and protection from the harmful effects of the environment. Therefore, the problem of developing and using various productivity stimulants and general reinforcements is still relevant. Practice has shown that many tools that relieve or prevent stress and immune deficiency conditions simultaneously improve health and increase body activity. It is known that plant raw materials and biologically active substances obtained from them are widely used in almost all sectors of the national economy. Based on this, naturalization of consumed food and medicinal products is one of today’s requirements. This requires increasing the raw materials of food, medicinal and aromatic plants and developing natural medicines and new types of food products from them.
The influence of the interaction of the genotype and the environment on productivity Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) in wet subtropics of Russia
Authors: Tutberidze Tsiala , Besedina Tina , Kiseleva Natalya
Published: April 2024

The placement of the Actinidia deliciosa culture in the wet subtropics of Russia is based on an assessment of the influence of agroclimatic conditions on the crop of culture in the plant-environment system. Factors have been established that limit the territory of possible cultivation of actinidia delicious in terms of frost resistance, as well as the properties of soils that limit its productivity. The results of the study of the soil cover and the properties of the main types of soils of the moist-subtropical zone of the Russian Federation and the assessment of agricultural land by the criterion of equilibrium density and power of the soil profile formed the basis of their suitability for the culture of A. Deliciosa. The agroecological characteristic of its varieties is represented by indicators of environmental plasticity and potential productivity.