bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P023 Parental Distress in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Cesa Kevin , Kim Sandra , Robert Noll
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Prior studies have shown that parents of children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have significantly more symptoms of depression and anxiety, compared to parents with children who do not have a chronic illness (1). The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of symptoms of distress, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder, among parents of children with IBD and associations with disease course and time from diagnosis.

METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional study with parents with children (2-17 yrs) diagnosed with IBD. There were two cohorts: 1. recently diagnosed cohort (< 6 months from diagnosis); 2. established diagnosis cohort (> 1 year from diagnosis). Parents completed surveys that included demographic information and 3 widely used measures: Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R), and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Short Form v1.0-Anxiety 8A (PROMIS-ANX).

RESULTS:

A total of 212 parents with children with IBD agreed to participate in our project. 52 parents in the recently diagnosed cohort and 103 parents in the established diagnosis cohort completed surveys. 52% of parents in the recently diagnosed cohort had clinically elevated scores on the PROMIS-ANX measure, with no significant difference in the transformed mean scores between the recently diagnosed and established diagnosis cohorts (3.77 vs 3.74, p = 0.220). Similarly, 45% of parents in the recently diagnosed cohort had clinically elevated depression scores, with no significant difference between the mean transformed scores between the recently diagnosed and the established diagnosis cohort (1.426 vs 1.346, p = 0.266). IES-R scores were significantly higher between parents of children recently diagnosed vs. established diagnosed (2.03 vs 1.62, p = 0.017). The cohort was further divided to those diagnosed within 3 months (n = 37) and those diagnosed over 5 years (n = 41) with no statically significant difference between mean transformed PROMIS-ANX (p = 0.371) or PHQ-8 scores (p = 0.605), but a significant increase in mean IES-R scores (p = 0.0478). There was no significant difference between mean transformed parental PROMIS-ANX, PHQ-8, or IES-R scores and patient’s IBD phenotypes or patient medications (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

In this cohort, we found that a majority of parents with children with IBD had clinically elevated anxiety scores with no significant decrease in mean transformed scores over time. The only measure of distress that did significantly reduce between cohorts was the mean transformed IES-R score. In conclusion, the present study suggests considerable parental distress in parents of children with IBD. Interventions to alleviate parental distress might be considered.
P051 Identifying High-Risk Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Is the ACE Index Useful?
Authors: Freitas Marta , Capela Tiago Lima , Macedo Silva Vítor , Arieira Cátia , Curdia Gonçalves Tiago , Dias de Castro Francisca , Moreira Maria João , Cotter José
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Treatment delay in patients admitted with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) are associated with increased mortality. Therefore, it is essential to identify on admission patients at high-risk of steroid nonresponse who may benefit from earlier second-line treatment or surgical intervention. Recently, the ACE index was developed and includes 3 variables at admission: C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥50mg/dL, albumin ≤30g/L and endoscopic severity (Mayo endoscopic score=3), and ranges between 0-3 points. An index of 3 has been shown to be useful to identify patients with acute ulcerative colitis with high-risk of steroid nonresponse.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the ACE index performance in predicting steroids response in ASUC.

METHODS:

Retrospective study including consecutive admissions for ASUC according to Truelove and Witts definition between January 2005 and December 2020. The ACE index was calculated and its accuracy for predicting response to steroids on admission in ASUC was assessed through the area under the curve (AUC).

RESULTS:

Sixty-five patients were included of whom 78.5% responded to steroids. Mean CRP (p = 0.01), albumin (p=0.02) and endoscopic severity score (p < 0.001) at admission were significantly different between responders and nonresponders, as opposed to Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) score (p = 0.32). Median ACE index was 2. The ACE index was a predictor of steroids response (AUC 0.789; p = 0.001); 50.0% of patients with an index of 3 did not respond to steroids, and 86.3% of patients with an index inferior to 3 responded to steroids (positive predictive value 50.0%; negative predictive value of 86.3%).

CONCLUSION:

The ACE index is an accurate predictor of steroids response on admission in ASUC. However, in our study, the ACE index doesn´t discriminate whose high-risk patients would benefit from earlier therapeutic escalation, since only 50.0% of patients with an index of 3 did not respond to steroids.
P066 Real-World Experience of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease Patients With Prior Anti-TNF Therapy at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Tripathi Kartikeya , Groudan Kevin , Chalhoub Jean , Yedla Arushika , Singhania Rohit
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Ustekinumab (UST) is a monoclonal antibody against the p40 subunit of IL-12/23. It is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis. We performed a retrospective study to demonstrate the efficacy and outcomes of UST in CD patients who received prior anti-TNF therapies.

METHODS:

We collected a list of all patients who received UST until May 2021. In addition, the list was screened for patients who were on anti-TNFs for treatment of CD in the past. Data was collected for patient demographics, disease characteristics, comorbidities, disease phenotype, age of initiation of UST, prior biologic therapy, time since last biologic therapy, concomitant use of steroids or immunomodulator, inflammatory markers, induction of remission, deep remission. Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

We identified 34 patients (59% females) with CD on UST who failed at least one anti-TNFs before induction with UST. Clinical remission was documented in 70.5% of patients. 29 percent of patients who achieved clinical remission were on concomitant steroids or immunomodulators at the time of induction of remission along with UST. Fifty percent of patients had a fistulizing disease, of which 70% achieved clinical remission with UST. C-reactive protein (CRP) was reported in 70 percent of patients. Mean CRP prior to initiation of UST was 2.4. CRP trended down to 1.98 (p = 0.079, 95% CI: -0.064-1.08). Eighteen percent of patients had fecal calprotectin reported. Mean fecal calprotectin before initiation of UST was 386, and it trended down 175 while on UST (p = 0.148, 95% CI: -106.25-528.46).

CONCLUSION:

Our study demonstrates that remission rates in CD patients who have failed prior anti-TNF therapy are high, including for patients with perianal disease. In patients with fistulizing CD, we suggest using UST for higher rates of remission after induction. We also found that for fecal calprotectin, although an excellent surrogate of colon inflammation, compliance amongst patients remains low.
Diarrhea, Dysbiosis, Dysfunction, and the Disastrous Global Health Consequences: Piecing the Puzzle Together
Authors: Frese Steven , Riddle Mark S.
Published: December 2021

The burden of diarrheal infections globally, including the chronic health consequences, is an important problem. Herein we describe a recent paper published by the Journal and describe how it fits within and advances our knowledge in this area.
La sección Discusión en artículos de Ciencias Agrarias: legitimación y defensa de resultados
Authors: Moyano Estela Inés
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si existen patrones comunes de estructura esquemática y uso predominante de recursos lingüísticos en las Discusiones de artículos científicos en el área de las Ciencias Agrarias.  Para ello, se analizó manualmente un corpus de cuatro textos desde la perspectiva de género en el marco de la lingüística sistémico-funcional. Como resultado, se encontraron dos patrones de realización, representados por dos géneros diferentes. Uno de ellos es la garantía de la investigación, género que se propone legitimar los resultados hallados en el trabajo, de suerte de persuadir a los lectores y garantizar que resultan pertinentes para incorporarse al cuerpo de conocimiento disciplinar en el área de estudio. El segundo es la justificación analítica, que se propone lograr la alineación de los lectores en defensa de una Tesis propuesta, de manera explícita o implícita, desde la introducción del trabajo. Los recursos discursivos más destacados en los textos para lograr este propósito resultaron ser los de la periodicidad, que permite organizar la información en el texto, los de conjunción, particularmente realizados como metáforas lógicas y los de valoración en el discurso, particularmente del subsistema de compromiso. Pese a la justificación del tamaño del corpus basado en el concepto de instanciación, los resultados obtenidos deben ser considerados preliminares hasta tanto pueda explorarse un número mayor de textos.
Lip Lift – uma alternativa para harmonização facial e do sorriso: relato de caso
Authors: Santos Renato dos
Published: December 2021

O Lip Lift é um procedimento cirúrgico, realizado no lábio superior, com o objetivo de melhorar a estética e trazer harmonia ao sorriso. O objetivo desse artigo foi relatar um caso clínico de Lip Lift para o tratamento estético-funcional do sorriso e da região labial. O presente estudo relata um procedimento cirúrgico no terço inferior da face. Foram revisados os critérios de diagnóstico de lábio longo e linha de sorriso baixa, identificando sinais que, em conjunto com as queixas da paciente, foram fatores decisivos à abordagem cirúrgica. Realizou-se o tratamento cirúrgico labial extrabucal por incisão subnasal e exérese da área pretendida, conferindo melhor aparência ao sorriso e à posição postural habitual do lábio. Existem meios não cirúrgicos e cirúrgicos para se alcançar melhor harmonia labiofacial, assim como restaurar a função. Os critérios diagnósticos devem ser precisos, levando em consideração o descarte de procedimentos menos invasivos. As técnicas cirúrgicas podem ser extra ou intrabucais, ambas visando melhor posicionamento do lábio superior, em conformidade com a face do indivíduo. Conclui-se que o Lip Lift é um procedimento seguro, garante na- turalidade e harmonia facial. Contudo, nem todos os casos de lábio longo ou sorriso masculino devem ser abordados cirurgicamente.
Strategien zur Flächensicherung in der Region Berlin-Brandenburg
Authors: Jakab Annabella
Published: December 2021

Landwirt/innen, Neu- und Quereinsteiger/innen organisieren sich zunehmend in kooperativsolidarischen Gemeinschaften, um einen Beitrag zur regionalen und nachhaltigen Stand-Land-Versorgung zu leisten. Diese wird auch in politischen Positionspapieren als innovativer Baustein zur Entwicklung ländlicher Räume gesehen.
Book review of: Adam Hernández, Alistair (2021): Das resiliente Dorf
Authors: Kordel Stefan
Published: December 2021

Book Review
Efecto de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en víctimas del conflicto armado
Authors: Barreto-Zambrano María Luisa , Zambrano-Hernández Sonia , Avendaño-Prieto Bertha Lucía , Toro-Tobar Ronald Alberto
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto de la guía de intervención
clínica de Walser y Westrup (2007), basada en la terapia de aceptación y compromiso
para la reducción de las conductas asociadas con trauma emocional y afectivo en
tres participantes víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano. El diseño fue experimental,
de caso único de línea de base múltiple no concurrente entre participantes.
Se emplearon mediciones repetidas, mediante registros de frecuencia e intensidad de
las conductas, así como escalas psicológicas en el pretratamiento, postratamiento y
seguimiento al mes de finalizar la intervención. Los resultados reflejaron que el tratamiento
fue efectivo según el porcentaje de datos no solapados. De acuerdo con el
índice de no solapamiento de todos los pares, el tratamiento tuvo efecto en todas las
variables, excepto en la reexperimentación. También, en las medidas pretest-postest,
se observó un cambio clínico fiable que se mantuvo en el seguimiento. Se concluyó
que el incremento en la aceptación psicológica de los eventos privados en todos los
participantes, junto con la reducción de la frecuencia e intensidad de las conductas
asociadas con trauma emocional y afectivo, evidencia que esta psicoterapia mejora la
salud mental de las víctimas.
Técnicas de análisis de credibilidad del testimonio en adultos: una revisión breve
Authors: Amaya-Nassar Santiago
Published: December 2021

En procesos jurídicos, principalmente en el ámbito penal, la prueba testimonial es
una de las pruebas de mayor uso para la toma de decisiones judiciales. Ante esto, se
han desarrollado múltiples técnicas de análisis del testimonio por parte de la psicología
del testimonio. El objetivo del presente artículo es hacer una revisión teórica
sobre las principales técnicas de análisis de la credibilidad del testimonio en adultos.
Tras la revisión sistemática de diferentes bases de datos, se encontraron las técnicas
más utilizadas: sistema de evaluación global, CBCA, HELPT, SCAND y ACID. Cada
uno es presentado de manera general, así como sus semejanzas, diferencias y el nivel
de evidencia que cada uno de estos soporta. Se formulan conclusiones sobre lo encontrado,
al igual que las limitaciones de la revisión. Finalmente, se concluye sobre el
procedimiento de análisis recomendado tras la revisión.
Palabras clave: técnica, credibilidad del testimonio, psicología del testimonio, decisión
judicial, revisión.
Entrenamiento relacional para niños, niñas y adolescentes con trastornos del espectro autista: revisión breve
Authors: Sierra Marco Alejandro , Ortiz Eliana Ivette
Published: December 2021

Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) son una categoría diagnóstica del DSM-V
que engloba el autismo, el síndrome de Asperger y los trastornos generalizados y
no especificados del desarrollo. La teoría de marcos relacionales (RFT) plantea que
los déficits en la comunicación e interacción social presentes en los TEA surgen por
un déficit en el establecimiento de los repertorios de conducta relacional del individuo,
debido a la forma en que el ambiente configura las contingencias que los establecen
y mantienen en nuevos contextos y situaciones. El entrenamiento relacional
permite fomentar habilidades relacionales por medio del establecimiento de relaciones
arbitrarias entre estímulos abstractos o familiares de cara al mejoramiento de
la proficiencia verbal y cognitiva del participante. La presente revisión describe las
características principales, los procedimientos y los resultados obtenidos en estudios
que presentan la aplicación de protocolos de entrenamiento relacional para el mejoramiento
de alguna habilidad relacional en niños, niñas y adolescentes diagnosticados
con TEA.
A criptoteologia messiânica de Clarice Lispector frente à crise do século XXI. Análise da crônica “Mineirinho”
Authors: Sawala Wojciech
Published: December 2021

The article is aimed at pointing out the messianic dimension of Clarice Lispector’s writings. We intend to describe the post-secular vision of the collective redemption embedded in her work as essentially opposed to the vulgarized notion of political messianism. Its core element is the establishment of a new kind of justice, one that would overcome the essential hypocrisy deeply rooted in the ontological system based on individual identities. Giorgio Agamben’s and Agata Bielik-Robson’s ideas are evoked in order to analyze the meaning of the chronicle “Mineirinho” (1962) and its relations with other canonic texts by the Brazilian author.
Expatriates’ intention to send surgical masks to their native countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khire Rushikesh Ulhas , Bell Adam Edward , Wiebke Schreiber , Wang Chun
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the factors that determine behavioral intention of expatiates living in Taiwan to send surgical masks to their native country following the Covid-19 outbreak. To achieve this, the study builds a research model by extending Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) with Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior (KAB) and Risk perception conceptions, incorporating Covid-19 related factors such as knowledge, fear, and risk perception and situational factors such as perceived mask scarcity. An online questionnaire was administered with 83 respondents participating. A partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to evaluate the collected data. We found that no significant relationship between both Covid-19 risk perception, and fear and expatiates’ attitudes to send surgical masks back home. Results further reveal that Covid-19 knowledge is the only factor that significantly influence expatriates’ attitudes, which in turn impact their on the intention to send surgical masks to their native countries. Perceived mask scarcity found to positively moderate relationship between attitude and intention. This study contributes to the growing body of literature and research focused on the Covid-19 pandemic, and offers some implications for future research on the correlations between knowledge and scarcity in the context of the theory of reasoned action. Although the current study examines a contemporary critical issue, it presents a key example of personal protective equipment (PPE).
Water-droplet erosion behavior of high-velocity oxygen-fuel-sprayed coatings for steam turbine blades
Authors: Li Dingjun , Jiang Peng , Sun Fan , Yuan Xiaohu , Zhang Jianpu , Cao Xiaoying
Published: December 2021

The water-droplet erosion of low-pressure steam turbine blades under wet steam environments can alter the vibration characteristics of the blade, and lead to its premature failure. Using high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed water-droplet erosion resistant coating is beneficial in preventing the erosion failure, while the erosion behavior of such coatings is still not revealed so far. Here, we examined the water-droplet erosion resistance of Cr3C2–25NiCr and WC–10Co–4Cr HVOF sprayed coatings using a pulsed water jet device with different impingement angles. Combined with microscopic characterization, indentation, and adhesion tests, we found that: (1) both of the coatings exhibited a similar three-stage erosion behavior, from the formation of discrete erosion surface cavities and continuous grooves to the broadening and deepening of the groove, (2) the erosion rate accelerates with the increasing impingement angle of the water jet; besides, the impingement angle had a nonlinear effect on the cumulative mass loss, and 30° sample exhibited the smallest mass loss per unit area (3) an improvement in the interfacial adhesion strength, fracture toughness, and hardness of the coating enhanced the water-droplet erosion resistance. These results provide guidance pertaining to the engineering application of water erosion protective coatings on steam turbine blades.
Zur Rolle von Bitcoin für Finanzmarktaktivismus
Authors: Hütten Moritz
Published: December 2021

Die Finanzkrise von 2007/2008 gilt weithin als die schwerwiegendste globale Finanzkrise seit der Großen Depression. Während Akteure der etablierten Institutionen des Finanzsystems seinerzeit versucht haben, durch hektische Eingriffe den Kollaps des Finanzsystems abzuwenden, haben verschiedenen Protestbewegungen begonnen, über Alternativen nachzudenken. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit einem aktivistischen Alternativgeldexperiment, das uns seitdem besonders beschäftigt hat: Bitcoin. Dabei wird untersucht, wie sich Bitcoin seit seinen Anfängen entwickelt hat, welche Fragen es aufgeworfen hat und welche Implikationen sich aus den Erfahrungen mit diesem Experiment ergeben.
Quo vadis »Geld«?
Authors: Eibl Alfred , Priesemann Johannes
Published: December 2021

In den letzten Jahren wurden neue digitale Finanzdienstleistungsangebote entwickelt, die zu einem wachsenden Anteil außerhalb des regulierten Bankensystems abgewickelt werden. Eine wichtige Rolle spielen dabei neue Formen von privatem Geld wie Kryptowährungen und Stable Coins. Die Zentralbanken arbeiten deshalb am „digitalen Zentralbankgeld“, um den privaten Anbietern eine stabile öffentliche Alternative entgegen zu setzen. Wir stellen die Chancen und Risiken der aktuellen Entwicklungen dar und fordern die überfällige Rückgewinnung demokratischer Governance über die Geldpolitik. Es geht darum, ob unser öffentliches Geld in den digitalen Netzen in der Zukunft eine Rolle spielt und ob und wie unsere Währungsbehörden die Kontrolle behalten.
Multiperspektivität als Schlüssel zur Kontingenz von Zugehörigkeit. Der organisierte Umzug von deutsch-polnischen Arbeitern und ihren Familien aus dem Ruhrgebiet nach Frankreich von 1922 bis 1925
Authors: Friedrichs Anne
Published: December 2021

Seit dem kurzen „Sommer der Migration“ 2015 sind Fragen, ob, unter welchen Bedingungen und mit welchen Folgen Zugezogene Teil der Gesellschaft oder bloß zeitweise geduldete Arbeitskräfte, Geflohene oder Asylsuchende sind, in der Politik und Öffentlichkeit wieder heftig umstritten. Dahinter wiederum steckt die tiefer greifende Frage, nach welchen Kriterien gegenwärtig wie historisch die Zugehörigkeit zu einer „Gesellschaft“ bemessen wird. Anknüpfend an neuere, relational vorgehende Ansätze zur Analyse von menschlicher Mobilität befasst sich der Aufsatz mit dem organisierten Umzug von deutsch-polnischen Arbeitern und ihren Familien aus dem Ruhrgebiet nach Frankreich zu Beginn und während der Ruhrbesetzung. Er zeigt auf der Ebene der historischen Interpretation, dass eine Untersuchung des Ruhrgebiets als eines von Mobilität geprägten Wirtschaftsraums geeignet ist, um – aufbauend auf den geschichtswissenschaftlichen Arbeiten zu Grenzregionen wie dem Elsass, Oberschlesien und Böhmen – verschiedene Formen zu erfassen, wie und mit welchen Konsequenzen sich Zugehörigkeitskonstruktionen unter den Bedingungen umstrittener staatlicher Souveränitäten etwa im Zuge des Ersten Weltkriegs oder der Auflösung der europäischen Imperien verändert haben. Zweitens wird auf methodologischer Ebene argumentiert, dass eine multiperspektivische Analyse besonders aufschlussreich ist, um Vorgänge zur Kategorisierung und Neuverortung von Menschen genauer zu erfassen und ihr Zusammenwirken auch in Hinsicht auf ihre langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Kategorisierten besser zu verstehen. Im Kontext der Bemühungen in den Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften, Zugehörigkeiten primär biographisch und situativ zu erfassen, können Historikerinnen und Historiker auf diese Weise dazu beitragen, das Ineinandergreifen von Selbstverortungen einerseits und organisierten, häufig rechtlich bindenden Zuordnungsvorgängen andererseits zu diskutieren und verschiedene Zugehörigkeitskonstruktionen zu historisieren.
“You Don’t Know Who This Man Is”: Hospitality and Trauma in Alexandra Wood’s The Human Ear
Authors: Erdurucan Büşra
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the themes of hospitality and trauma in Alexandra Wood’s The Human Ear (2015) by focusing on the modes of encounter with the Other in the play. As Lucy, a woman in her twenties, tries to come to terms with the death of her mother as a result of an unspecified bomb attack, she finds out that her estranged brother, Jason, killed himself. In the meantime, however, a man who claims to be her brother keeps turning up at her door, and through these encounters we can trace the possibilities and limits of hospitality. By referring to the theories of Emmanuel Levinas, Jacques Derrida, and Sara Ahmed on home and hospitality, this paper argues that in The Human Ear, the redefinition of the relationship with the Other is represented as a means to come to terms with trauma as Lucy’s process of welcoming the stranger is connected to her process of healing from trauma.
Memory, National Identity Formation, and (Neo)Colonialism in Hannah Khalil’s A Museum in Baghdad
Authors: Midhin Majeed Mohammed , Clare David , Abed Noor Aziz
Published: December 2021

According to Ernest Renan, a nation is formed by its collective memory; it is a country’s shared experiences which enable it to become (in Benedict Anderson’s much later coinage) an “imagined community.” Building on these ideas, commentators such as Kavita Singh and Lianne McTavish et al. have shown how museums play a key role in helping nations to form an identity and understand their past. However, as these critics and those from other disciplines (including postcolonial studies) have noted, museums can also reflect and reinforce the unequal power dynamics between nations which result from colonialism and neocolonialism. This article demonstrates that these ideas are directly relevant to the 2019 play A Museum in Baghdad by the Palestinian-Irish playwright Hannah Khalil. This play is set in the Museum of Iraq in three different time periods: “Then (1926), Now (2006), and Later” (an unspecified future date) (3). Khalil uses specific characters – most notably, Gertrude Bell during the “Then” sections, the Iraqi archaeologists Ghalia and Layla during the “Now” sections, and a “timeless” character called Nasiya who appears across the time periods – to question the degree to which the museum is perpetuating Western views of Iraq.
The Generation, Transformation, and Dissipation of the “Sixth Generation” Cinema in China: The Entropy Change of a Concept
Authors: Nie Wei
Published: December 2021

Ever since its advent in the 1990s, the term “Sixth Generation,” as a postulated label, has so far run the course of three consecutive phases: generation, transformation, and dissipation. In the first phase (1990–2003), the Sixth Generation directors based their films on the authenticity of their individual experiences and significantly altered the structure of cinematic power and aesthetic expression in China. The second phase (2003–2008) witnessed the group’s entry into a period characterized by a “generation-less” narrative drawing closer to mainstream cultural capital, market, and filmic techniques. The market overexploited the label of the Sixth Generation, and its independent identity was corrupted. 2009 and 2010 constituted the third phase in which the Sixth Generation sought all the possibilities for market survival by shooting a wide range of films, from mainstream production to commercial films. Since 2011, the label “Sixth Generation” went through a process of self-dissolution. Nevertheless, these directors once again came together on the platform of new media, transforming their energy through microfilm and continuing to exert social influence directly or indirectly.
The vulnerability of insecure minds: The mediating role of mentalization in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology
Authors: Santoro Gianluca , Midolo Laura Rosa , Costanzo Antonino , Schimmenti Adriano
Published: December 2021

Insecure attachment is linked to mentalizing difficulties and psychopathology. The current study aimed to examine if failures in mentalization, as observed in the form of uncertainty about mental states, mediated the relationship between attachment styles and global psychopathology in a group of 812 adults (66.5% females) from the community. Participants completed measures on attachment styles, uncertainty about mental states, and clinical symptoms. The authors found that uncertainty about mental states was a partial mediator of the associations between attachment styles and psychopathology. Furthermore, the findings supported the role of secure attachment in protecting from mentalization failures and psychopathology; on the contrary, increased scores on attachment styles involving a negative view of the self (preoccupied and fearful attachment styles) predicted high levels of uncertainty about mental states and psychopathology. Accordingly, clinicians may wish to promote mentalizing abilities in individuals who display a negative view of the self embedded in their attachment styles.
Comparison of Rechterlijk Pardon Concept on 2019 Criminal Code Draft and Article 70 Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning Juvenile Criminal Justice System
Authors: Yuliawati Irma
Published: December 2021

The formulation of the idea of ​​​​forgiving judges (rechterlijk pardon) in the Draft Criminal Code is motivated by the rigidity and inhumanity of the current Criminal Code. Which resulted in small cases that were decided criminal, because the current Criminal Code does not accommodate the authority of judges to forgive cases that are considered unfit to be sentenced. This modification of the rechterlijk pardon concept is expected to reflect a sense of justice, benefit within the framework of Pancasila as a source of law for the Indonesian nation. In contrast to the concept of rechterlijk pardon in Article 70 of Law no. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, which has previously applied the concept, to minimize the imposition of crimes against children which should not be based on appropriate retaliation for the crimes committed, because it will be fatal to the physical and physical development of children. To answer the existing problems the author uses a qualitative approach with normative juridical research on the statute approach, conceptual approach and comparative approach. The use of this normative qualitative analysis method is closely related to the problems discussed in comparative approach and conceptual approach, so that it takes the form of descriptive-analytical. The results of this research comparison show that the forgiveness of judges in the Criminal Code Bill needs to categorize the types of minor/moderate/serious crimes and what crimes are forgiven categorized based on the material law itself must also adjust to the implementing rules.
El bicentenario de la Independencia como coyuntura crítica de cambio en Centroamérica y la contribución de los socios para el desarrollo: el caso de España
Authors: Caldentey-del Pozo Pedro
Published: December 2021

The Bicentenary of the Central America independence matches with a critical juncture in the region, fuelled by internal and global factors. After forty years of inspiring national and regional development strategies, the plan derived from the Esquipulas Agreements has already delivered all it could. It has significantly improved the region's welfare, but it has broken neither dependence on special interests nor has it find solutions to the structural problems of the region, worsened by the Great recession and the pandemic. The regional framework seems to be once again the most appropriate place to define new consensus to challenge the crisis and face the future. Spain is a key partner of Central America and has a role to play in generating consensus and strengthening the regional dimension.
Comprender y desafiar la politización de las migraciones y la interculturalidad. Reseña del libro: Sandoval-García, C. (Ed.) (2020). Puentes, No Muros: Contribuciones para una política progresista en migraciones. CLACSO.
Authors: Roldán-Soto Sophia
Published: December 2021

The welfare state, richness distribution, sustainable development, human rights are some of the elements identified in progressists policies. Forced displaced people have been excluded from these elements. Carlos Sandoval García analyzes this exclusion in this book which is the result of the colloquium: "Migration Politicization. Challenges for critical thinking and progressists policies" published in 2017. This book collects the thoughts of 12 authors and is organized into eight chapters regarding the securitization of migration, racialization of class, symbols and identity building, political movements, nativism, and the emancipation of the Global South, especially in the Central American context.
Vislumbrando caminhos: elucubrações filosóficas feministas
Authors: Gebara Ivone
Published: December 2021

El presente texto tiene una finalidad filosófica pedagógica ante los desafíos actuales y la situación pandémica. La autora indica que las respuestas predominantes de acusación y presión del Estado o de una grande institución religiosa para que tengan amorosidad no son las más efectivas. Parte, entonces, de las vivencias y del pensamiento de la socióloga boliviana Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui en el mundo aymara. El camino de las micropolíticas que sugiere Rivera propone otra lógica: minimalista, de la vida cotidiana (tiempo de gestar vida y cambios), de la sobrevivencia digna que rompe la lógica capitalista y sobrevive incomodando los dueños del mundo. En ese sentido, desde un ejercicio pedagógico feminista, la autora denuncia una visión y un análisis simplistas ante los cambios necesarios, y advierte sobre la urgencia de revisión de los límites epistemológicos y éticos como condición para seguir la búsqueda y el camino común de la humanidad y del planeta.
PROFIL PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI (TIK) SEBAGAI MEDIA DAN SUMBER PEMBELAJARAN OLEH GURU BIOLOGI
Authors: Restiyani Rusi
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil pemanfaatan Teknologi, Informasi, dan Komunikasi (TIK) sebagai media dan sumber pembelajaran oleh guru biologi di MAN se-Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima MAN yang ada di Jakarta Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah lima orang guru biologi dan 139 siswa kelas X. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari instrumen tes dan non tes, instrumen tes yang digunakan adalah tes kompetensi dasar TIK untuk guru biologi, sedangkan instrumen non tes berupa angket atau kuesioner termasuk angket literasi TIK, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara individu persentase literasi TIK guru biologi berdasarkan persepsi guru sudah mencapai kategori baik dan hasil tes kompotensi dasar TIK terkait literasi TIK pun menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi TIK guru biologi sudah masuk kategori baik hingga sangat baik. Hal tersebut mendukung pemanfaatan TIK sebagai media sehingga sudah terkategori cukup dan sebagai sumber pembelajaran mencapai kategori sangat baik. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan hubungan antara literasi TIK guru biologi dengan pemanfaatannya baik sebagai media maupun sumber pembelajaran sangat erat. Literasi TIK guru biologi yang baik akan berpotensi terhadap pemanfaatan TIK yang baik.
Teachers' Perspectives and Practices on Effective Teaching Methods and Strategies at a Primary School in Prishtina
Authors: Jahiu Edona
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examined and analyzed nine teachers' teaching practices with children in the sixth to seventh grades of primary school.   Effective teaching was discovered in this study to be dependent on three components of a classroom: 1) introduction – linking prior experience to the new issue; 2) sharing/discussing the primary topic; and 3) reflection/summarizing the lesson learned and new terms acquired. The findings indicated that students' learning and comprehension appeared to be contingent on the teacher's strategies for collaborating with students and constantly focusing their attention on the lesson (particularly on crucial features), which facilitated students' willingness to volunteer for discussion participation through open questions, constructive feedback, and so forth. Additionally, it provided teachers with insight on how to handle unforeseen classroom circumstances. For instance, numerous "attention-seeking" conflicts may arise, preventing the achievement of the objectives when time is spent on them. When reprimands and punishments are utilized, learners are reluctant to seek assistance or express their thoughts. Teachers must demonstrate their managerial competence by refraining to single out specific students in this situationAbstrakStudi ini meneliti dan menganalisis praktik mengajar sembilan guru dengan anak-anak di kelas enam hingga tujuh sekolah dasar. Pengajaran yang efektif ditemukan dalam penelitian ini bergantung pada tiga komponen ruang kelas: 1) pengantar – menghubungkan pengalaman sebelumnya dengan masalah baru; 2) berbagi/membahas topik utama; dan 3) refleksi/meringkas pembelajaran dan istilah-istilah baru yang diperoleh. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dan pemahaman siswa tampaknya bergantung pada strategi guru untuk berkolaborasi dengan siswa dan terus-menerus memusatkan perhatian mereka pada pelajaran (terutama pada fitur-fitur penting), yang memfasilitasi kesediaan siswa untuk secara sukarela berpartisipasi dalam diskusi melalui pertanyaan terbuka, umpan balik yang membangun, dan sebagainya. Selain itu, ini memberi para guru wawasan tentang bagaimana menangani keadaan kelas yang tidak terduga. Misalnya, banyak konflik "mencari perhatian" mungkin muncul, mencegah pencapaian tujuan ketika waktu dihabiskan untuk itu. Ketika teguran dan hukuman digunakan, peserta didik enggan untuk mencari bantuan atau mengungkapkan pikiran mereka. Guru harus menunjukkan kompetensi manajerial mereka dengan menahan diri untuk memilih siswa tertentu dalam situasi ini.How to Cite: Jaihu, E. (2021). Teachers' Perspectives and Practices on Effective Teaching Methods and Strategies at a Primary School in Prishtina. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 8(1), 82-95. doi:10.15408/tjems.v8i1.20451.
Association Between Rapid Response Algorithms and Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Children
Authors: Sawicki Jonathan G. , Tower Dana , Vukin Elizabeth , Workman Jennifer K. , Stoddard Gregory J. , Burch Mary , Bracken Debbie R. , Hall Brooke , Henricksen Jared W.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate whether the implementation of clinical pathways, known as pediatric rapid response algorithms, within an existing rapid response system was associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes of hospitalized children.

METHODS

We retrospectively identified patients admitted to the PICU as unplanned transfers from the general medical and surgical floors at a single, freestanding children’s hospital between July 1, 2017, and January 31, 2020. We examined the impact of the algorithms on the rate of critical deterioration events. We used multivariable Poisson regression and an interrupted time series analysis to measure 2 possible types of change: an immediate implementation effect and an outcome trajectory over time.

RESULTS

We identified 892 patients (median age: 4 [interquartile range: 1–12] years): 615 in the preimplementation group, and 277 in the postimplementation group. Algorithm implementation was not associated with an immediate change in the rate of critical deterioration events but was associated with a downward rate trajectory over time and a postimplementation trajectory that was significantly less than the preimplementation trajectory (trajectory difference of −0.28 events per 1000 non-ICU patient days per month; 95% confidence interval −0.40 to −0.16; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Algorithm implementation was associated with a decrease in the rate of critical deterioration events. Because of the study’s observational nature, this association may have been driven by unmeasured confounding factors and the chosen implementation point. Nevertheless, the results are a promising start for future research into how clinical pathways within a rapid response system can improve care of hospitalized patients.
El yo en mil pedazos: heterónimos y fragmentación discursiva en la narrativa española contemporánea
Authors: González-Pascual Guillermo
Published: December 2021

En este artículo pretendemos establecer una relación entre la fragmentación discursiva y el uso de heterónimos en la narrativa española contemporánea. Analizaremos los orígenes y las conexiones de la heteronimia con la idea del yo en el pensamiento filosófico occidental. Compararemos los heterónimos con otras estrategias de distanciamiento o multiplicación de la voz autorial, además de con otras tendencias en auge en la narrativa reciente (como la autoficción) y daremos algunos ejemplos.
Contexto e organização da atenção primária à saúde em municípios rurais remotos no Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Almeida Patty Fidelis de , Santos Adriano Maia dos , Cabral Lucas Manoel da Silva , Fausto Márcia Cristina Rodrigues
Published: December 2021

Resumo: Analisam-se as características estruturais da atenção primária à saúde (APS), em suas dimensões de contexto e organizacional, em municípios rurais remotos da Região do Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. É um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se 21 entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores e profissionais das equipes de saúde da família (EqSF) e dados secundários. Para a dimensão de contexto, os resultados mostram que sob os municípios rurais remotos atuam condicionantes socioeconômicos que afetam a organização da APS e vulnerabilizam a população, sobretudo as das zonas rurais dos municípios rurais remotos. Em relação à dimensão organizacional, as principais características são: coexistência de adscrição formal e informal de clientela; duas modalidades de serviços de primeiro contato (unidades básicas de saúde - UBS, e centros de saúde 24 horas); priorização do atendimento à demanda espontânea; forte atuação do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família para o desenvolvimento de atividades de promoção e prevenção; escopo ampliado de práticas do agente comunitário de saúde; garantia parcial de transporte para os usuários; informatização parcial das UBS com a implantação do e-SUS; telecardiologia; e o Programa Mais Médicos. Este estudo revela que municípios rurais remotos não são uma unidade, visto que sede e zona rural são desiguais em relação às condições de vida e carecem de organização, políticas e financiamento específicos para a garantia do acesso à APS. O que se observa, com todas as limitações, são iniciativas municipais com grandes dificuldades para a manutenção e a sustentabilidade e, por vezes, sem a necessária correspondência à utilização do espaço e da vida social que definem os itinerários sanitários rurais.
Perfil epidemiológico e tendência temporal da leishmaniose visceral: Piauí, Brasil, 2008 a 2018
Authors: Batista Francisca Miriane de Araújo , Sousa Roniele Araújo de , Aguiar Bruno Guedes Alcoforado , Ibiapina Andressa Barros , Albuquerque Layana Pachêco de Araújo , Mendonça Vagner José , Costa Carlos Henrique Nery
Published: December 2021

A leishmaniose visceral (LV) ou calazar é uma das principais doenças tropicais negligenciadas, de grande importância devido ao caráter letal desta zoonose causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania. Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal dos casos de LV no Estado do Piauí, Brasil, de 2008 a 2018, inserindo-o dentro do período total de 1971 a 2018. Utilizaram-se dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Para análise da carga da doença, foram coletados dados do Instituto de Métricas e Avaliação em Saúde através do estudo Carga Global de Doenças, Lesões e Fatores de Risco. Foi empregada a análise de regressão Prais-Winsten. Foram registrados 2.374 casos com provável local de infecção no Piauí e 2.492 casos em residentes do estado. A série histórica analisada, de 1971 a 2018, reafirma o caráter cíclico da doença, pela presença dos picos epidêmicos identificados em 1983 e 1984, 1993 e 1994, 2003 e 2004 e 2013 e 2014. Não foram identificadas alterações significativas na tendência dos coeficientes de incidência, mortalidade e letalidade no estado. No entanto, houve aumento significativo do coeficiente de incidência no Território de Desenvolvimento (TD) Chapada das Mangabeiras (variação percentual anual de 17,5%) e redução no TD Vale do Sambito (-18,3%) e TD Vale do Rio Guaribas (-8,1%). A LV tem a maior carga de doença medida em anos de vida ajustados por deficiência entre as doenças tropicais negligenciadas do estado. Recomenda-se o aprimoramento das medidas de vigilância e controle do agravo.
Reproductive cycle of native viviparous fish species (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes: Goodeidae) in a subtropical Mexican lake
Authors: Ramírez-García Arely , Moncayo-Estrada Rodrigo , González-Cárdenas Juan José , Domínguez-Domínguez Omar
Published: December 2021

Abstract Reproductive tactics and strategies contribute to the persistence and maintenance of long-term populations in fish species. Members of the subfamily Goodeinae are a group of small-bodied freshwater fish with specialized reproduction (viviparity-matrotrophy). They are found in the highlands of central Mexico, most of them endemic. The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive investigation to evaluate the annual reproductive cycle of seven species of goodeines (splitfins). We carried out our study in the subtropical Lake Zacapu, Mexico, with bi-monthly sampling from May 2019 to March 2020. We obtain the fertility, size at first maturity (L50), sex ratio, and gonadosomatic index. Our result shows that populations of goodeines have high fertility compared to other populations of the same species in other aquatic systems and also to other species of goodein. We found that males mature at smaller sizes than females, the observed proportion of females was greater than males in all the goodeines. Lake Zacapu goodeines have two reproductive peaks, one in spring (April to June) and another in fall (September to November). These tactics (fertility rates, sex ratio, reproductive period) and strategies (viviparity-matrotrophy) favor reproductive success in this environmentally stable subtropical lake in the highlands of Mexico.
Intraspecific variation in the Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) susceptibility to insecticides
Authors: Restelatto Samanta Souza , Wille Paulo Eduardo , Buss Nayara , Wille Cleiton Luis , Boff Mari Inês Carissimi , Contini Rafael Ermenegildo , Franco Cláudio Roberto
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The looper caterpillar Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) is considered the main defoliating pest in soybean crops, which contributes to yield losses. Delaying its resistance to insecticides is a major challenge in its management. This study aimed to characterize the susceptibility of C. includens to flubendiamide, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram and methomyl, as well as to establish a diagnostic concentration for monitoring resistance. The insecticide was applied to the surface of the artificial diet. For the dose-response curve, concentrations that resulted in 5 to 99 % mortality were used to estimate the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC99) and resistance ratios (RR50 and RR99). The diagnostic concentrations were based on concentrations that provided 90 to 99 % mortality in the susceptible reference population. For flubendiamide and methomyl, the decrease in the susceptibility resulted in estimated RR50 of 6.2 to 24.2 and 4.4 to 19.6 times, respectively. For cyantraniliprole and spinetoram, there was little difference in susceptibility among the populations, with RR99 lower than 6.1 times. Differences in the susceptibility of C. includens were evident from concentrations of 0.5053, 5.053, 0.1579 and 28.42 μg cm-2, respectively for flubendiamide, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram and methomyl.