bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Free Flap Friday: Interdisciplinary clinic implementation and outcomes for patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery
Authors: Scheel Teddy , Sedki Sarah , O'Riordan David , Yang Sky , Conto Mandy , Sheedy Trina , Macaire Greta , Rabow Michael , Ha Patrick
Published: July 2022

Purpose:Patients with complex head and neck cancer benefit from preoperative education and multidisciplinary support. However, such care may not adequately address the need for advance care planning (ACP) in the preoperative setting. We evaluated the feasibility and impact of “Free Flap Fridays” (FFF), a comprehensive preoperative education program that offers recommendations to patients undergoing head and neck surgery with free flap reconstruction. The program is led by an interdisciplinary team comprised of social work, surgical nursing, speech and language pathology, nutrition, and specialty palliative care. Methods: This study was a quantitative, retrospective chart review analysis at an academic cancer center. We compared demographics pre- and post-surgical engagement with the interdisciplinary team, and ACP outcomes, among 48 patients who participated in FFF and 44 patients who received usual care prior to the launch of the FFF clinic. Results:Preoperative involvement of each of the five disciplines included in the interdisciplinary team increased among the intervention group. Engagement with FFF increased rates of advance care planning discussions (66.7% vs. 4.5%, p<0.0001). Documentation of a durable power of attorney also increased between the groups (72.9% vs. 31.8%, p<0.0001), although there was no difference in completed advance care documents, including advance directives or Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST) documents. Conclusions:Implementation of an interdisciplinary, preoperative clinic for patients undergoing free flap reconstruction for head and neck cancer is feasible and leads to increased patient engagement and preoperative ACP discussions.
Impact of Frailty on Treatment Outcomes for Elderly Patients with Gastric Cancer Undergoing Gastrectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sakurai Katsunobu , Kubo Naoshi , Hasegawa Tsuyoshi , Tamamori Yutaka , Fukui Yasuhiro , Kuroda Kenji , Maeda Kiyoshi , Nishiguchi Yukio
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to elucidate treatment outcomes for frail patients with gastric cancer (GC) who undergo gastrectomy.Methods. Frailty was assessed preoperatively by frailty index (FI) in 209 patients aged 65 and over undergoing gastrectomy for GC. Patients were assigned into two groups (frail vs. non-frail). Short-term outcomes and loss of independence (LOI) after discharge were compared. Results. Frail patients undergoing gastrectomy had more intraoperative blood transfusions, longer hospital stays, and higher medical costs. The overall complication rate was significantly higher in frail patients. Pneumonia and urinary tract infections were more frequent in the frail patients. In multivariate analysis for LOI after discharge, frailty, older age (≧ 75 years), and open surgery were independent risk factors. A risk score assigning 1 point for each of these variables was useful in predicting postoperative LOI (LOI: score 0, 6.8%; score 1, 26.1%; score 2, 47.6%; score 3, 100%; area under the curve [AUC]=0.748.) Conclusions. Frailty is associated with LOI after gastrectomy in elderly GC patients. A simple risk score assigning points for frailty, age ≧75, and open surgery was an accurate predictor of postoperative LOI. We propose that frailty screening should be applied for all elderly GC patients before surgery.
Increased wintertime European atmospheric blocking frequencies in General Circulation Models with a coupled eddy-permitting ocean
Authors: Michel Simon , Heydt Anna von der , Westen René van , Baatsen Michiel , Dijkstra Henk
Published: July 2022

Midlatitude atmospheric blockings are important drivers of long-lasting extreme weather conditions at regional to continental scales. However, modern climate models consistently underestimate their frequency of occurrence compared to observations, casting doubt on future projections of climate extremes. Using the prominent and largely underestimated winter blockings in Europe as a test case, this study first introduces a spatio-temporal approach to study blocking activity based on a clustering technique, allowing to assess models' ability to simulate both realistic frequencies and locations of blockings. A sensitivity analysis from an ensemble of 22 coupled climate models shows that the presence of a mesoscale eddy-permitting ocean model increases the realism of simulated blockings for almost all types of patterns clustered from observations. This finding is further explained and supported by concomitant reductions in well-documented biases of large-scale atmospheric and oceanic features, namely Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current positions and the midlatitude jet stream variability.
Stability analysis of Vibrational System of Shallow Layers repleted with Random Swimming Gyrotactic Microorganisms
Authors: Kushwaha A. K. , Sharma Y. D. , Sharma A.
Published: July 2022

With random swimming model, investigation of onset of thermo-bioconvection in a horizontal fluid shallow layers of finite depth heated from below with vertical vibration is performed. A time averaged method and linear stability analysis are utilized to find the governing equations. For rigid as well as stress-free top layers, the secular equation is derived in terms of vibrational Rayleigh number and bioconvection Rayleigh number with the help of Galerkin method. It is found that vertical vibration always destabilize the suspension due to shallow layers i.e., increasing thermo-bioconvection heat transfer from higher to lower regions. Under vertical vibration, the model is more stable for rigid-upper layer than stress-free upper layer.
Time Domain Analysis of Fiber Bragg Structures
Authors: AKOND MOHAMMAD SHAHED
Published: July 2022

Time domain analysis is performed on the ultra-short pulsed beam propagating through the fiber bragg grating (FBG) structures. Widely known one way Beam Propagation Method (BPM) is formulated in time domain and applied on the uniform and non-uniform FBG structures. Spectral analysis, which is one of the noteworthy benefit of the TD analysis, is performed from pulsed beam at different stages, and consequently, transmission and reflection coefficient is analyzed. Dimensions of the FBG structures are chosen from the FimmProp software tools used for the same kind of structures, and compared thereof. A satisfactory comparative results are found while doing the comparison.
Immediate improvements in post-stroke gait biomechanics are induced with both real-time limb position and propulsive force biofeedback
Authors: Santucci Vincent , Alam Zahin , Liu Justin , Spencer Jacob , Faust Alec , Cobb Aijalon , Konantz Joshua , Eicholtz Steven , Wolf Steven , Kesar Trisha M.
Published: July 2022

Background
Paretic propulsion (measured as anteriorly-directed ground reaction forces (AGRF)) and trailing limb angle (TLA) show robust inter-relationships, and represent two key modifiable post-stroke gait variables that have biomechanical and clinical relevance. Our recent work demonstrated that real-time biofeedback is a feasible paradigm for modulating AGRF and TLA in able-bodied participants. However, the effects of TLA biofeedback on gait biomechanics of post-stroke individuals are poorly understood. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of unilateral, real-time, audiovisual TLA biofeedback on gait biomechanics in post-stroke individuals.
Methods
Nine post-stroke individuals (6 males, age 63 ± 9.8 years, 44.9 months post-stroke) participated in a single session of gait analysis comprised of three types of walking trials: no biofeedback, AGRF biofeedback, and TLA biofeedback. Biofeedback unilaterally targeted deficits on the paretic limb. Dependent variables included peak AGRF, TLA, and ankle plantarflexor moment. One-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc comparisons were conducted to detect the effect of biofeedback on gait biomechanics variables.
Results
Compared to no-biofeedback, both AGRF and TLA biofeedback induced unilateral increases in paretic AGRF. TLA biofeedback induced significantly larger increases in paretic TLA than AGRF biofeedback. Only AGRF biofeedback increased ankle moment. Both types of biofeedback specifically targeted the paretic limb without inducing changes in the non-paretic limb.
Conclusions
By showing comparable increases in paretic limb gait biomechanics in response to both TLA and AGRF biofeedback, our novel findings provide the rationale and feasibility of paretic TLA as a gait biofeedback target for post-stroke individuals. Additionally, our results provide potential insights into divergent biomechanical mechanisms underlying improvements in post-stroke gait induced by these two biofeedback targets. We lay the groundwork for future investigations incorporating greater dosages and longer-term therapeutic effects of TLA biofeedback as a stroke gait rehabilitation strategy.
Clinical Trial Registration
: NCT03466372
Clinical characteristics of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after Iodine Therapy of DTC patients
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Wanchun
Published: July 2022

Background: The aim was to analyze clinical characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy and provide guidance for clinical decision-making. Methods: Thirty one DTC patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrospectively enrolled from the Nuclear Medicine Department of Shanxi Bethune Hospital during follow-up of 131I therapy between June 2018 and March 2021.Sixty one thyroid cancer patients without nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy were also enrolled to act as a control group. Clinical characteristics, including sex, age, dose, positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), metastasis and nasal uptake, were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic multifactor regression. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in patients’ nasal uptake after 131I therapy according to gender (11.8% : 38.7%), age (5.6% : 51.1%), dose (3.4% : 47.6%), stage (18.5% : 70.4%) and iodine uptake (83.3% : 30.2%). There was no significant difference in the proportion of TGAb positive and negative patients according to 131I therapy (χ2=0.27, P=0.782). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (2.59), age (1.45), dose (2.36), whether there was iodine uptake of metastatic foci (1.93) and whether there was nasal uptake of iodine (1.70) were all statistically significant influential factors of lacrimal discharge symptoms after iodine therapy. Conclusion: Patients who were over 50, women, had metastatic iodine uptake, received a dose > 5.55GBq and had nasal intake of 131I were more likely to have nasolacrimal duct obstruction. When determining therapeutic doses of 131I, doctors should weigh multiple factors and suggest that high risk populations be referred to the appropriate ophthalmic surgery for timely diagnosis and therapy.
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Transition of HIPEC- Induced Acute Kidney Injury to Acute Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lu Yunwei , Zhao Xiujuan , Ye Yingjiang , Li Shu , Guo Fuzheng , Xue Haiyan , Zhu Fengxue
Published: July 2022

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has benefited selected patients with peritoneal malignancies. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is recognized as a common complication following the CRS-HIPEC procedure. Characterized with prolonged renal function impairment, acute kidney disease (AKD) is associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality. Unlike AKI, accurate estimates of the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of AKD have not been thoroughly studied. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, a total of 158 patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were separated into non-AKI, AKI, and AKD cohorts. Laboratory parameters and perioperative features were gathered to evaluate risk factors for both HIPEC-induced AKI and AKD, with the 90-day prognosis of AKD patients. Results: AKI developed in 21.5% of patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC, while 13.3% of patients progress to AKD. The multivariate analysis identified that ascites, GRAN%, eGFR, and intraoperative hypotension duration were associated with the development of HIPEC-induced AKI. Higher uric acid, elevated eGFR, and prolonged intraoperative hypotension duration were more predominant in patients proceeding with AKD. The AKD cohort presented a higher risk of 30 days of in-hospital mortality (14.3%) and CKD progression (42.8%).Conclusions: Our study reveals that the incidence of AKI and AKI-to-AKD transition are high. Early identification of risk factors for HIPEC-induced AKD would assist clinicians in taking measures to mitigate the incidence.
Crossed cerebellar diaschisis worsens the clinical presentation in acute large vessel occlusion
Authors: Abderrakib Anissa , Ligot Noemie , Torcida Nathan , Sadeghi Niloufar , Naeije Gilles
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose Initial NIHSS in anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO) correlates partially with the hypoperfusion volume. We aimed at assessing the contribution of crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) from the hypo-perfused territory on LVO initial clinical deficit.MethodCCD was retrospectively identified by brain CT perfusion imaging (CTP) in patients with anterior LVO treated by mechanical thrombectomy (MT) from January 2017 to July 2021. CCD was defined by CTP parameters alteration in contralateral cerebellar hemisphere to the LVO. NIHSS, clinical/perfusion variables and CCD were included in regression models to assess their inter-relationships.Results206 patients were included. CCD was present in 90 patients (69%). NIHSS scores were higher on admission and at stroke discharge among patients with CCD (17.90 ± 6.1vs 11.4 ± 8.4, p <0.001; 9.6 ± 7.7 vs 6.6 ± 7.9, p = 0.049 respectively). Patients with a CCD had higher stroke volumes (118.2 ± 60.3 vs 69.3 ± 59.7, p<0.001) and lower rate of known atrial fibrillation (22 % vs 41%, p = 0.021). On multivariable logistic regression, CCD independently worsened initial NIHSS (OR 4.85 (2.37-7.33); p<0.001).ConclusionCCD is found in 69% of LVO on admission CTP, correlates with stroke volumes and independently worsens initial NIHSS.
Taxonomic composition, community structure and molecular novelty of microeukaryotes in a temperate oligomesotrophic lake as revealed by metabarcoding
Authors: Mitsi Konstantina , Richter Daniel J. , Arroyo Alicia S. , López-Escardó David , Antó Meritxell , Guillén Antonio , Ruiz-Trillo Iñaki
Published: July 2022

Microbial eukaryotes are diverse and ecologically important organisms, yet sampling constraints have hindered the understanding of their distribution and diversity in freshwater ecosystems. Metabarcoding has provided a powerful complement to traditional limnological studies, revealing an unprecedented diversity of protists in freshwater environments. Here, we aim to expand our knowledge of the ecology and diversity of protists in lacustrine ecosystems by targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene in water column, sediment and biofilm samples collected from Sanabria Lake (Spain) and surrounding freshwater ecosystems. Sanabria is a temperate lake, which are relatively understudied by metabarcoding in comparison to alpine and polar lakes. The phylogenetic diversity of microbial eukaryotes detected in Sanabria span all currently recognized eukaryotic supergroups, with Stramenopiles being the most abundant and diverse supergroup in all sampling sites. Parasitic microeukaryotes account for 21% of the total protist ASVs identified in our study and were dominated by Chytridiomycota, both in terms of richness and abundance in all sampling sites. Sediments, biofilms and water column samples harbour distinct microbial communities. Phylogenetic placement of poorly assigned and abundant ASVs indicates molecular novelty inside Rhodophyta, Bigyra, early-branching Nucletmycea and Apusomonadida. In addition, we report the first freshwater incidence of the previously exclusively marine genera Abeoforma and Sphaeroforma. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of microeukaryotic communities in freshwater ecosystems, and provide the first molecular reference for future biomonitoring surveys in Sanabria Lake.
A CT-based nomogram for differentiating invasive fungal disease of the lung from bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Gong Meilin , Xu Jingmei , Li Kang , Li Ke , Xia Yuwei , Chen Jiafei , Li Jing , Yang Jing , Du Mingshan , Hou Wenjing , Ou Yuan , Li Lian , Chen Wei
Published: July 2022

Background There is an annual increase in the incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) of the lung in the world, but it is always a challenge for physicians to make a early diagnosis of IFD of the lung.Methods A total of 214 patients with IFD of the lung or clinically confirmed BP were retrospectively enrolled from two institutions (171 patients from one institution in the training set and 43 patients from another institution in the test set). The features of thoracic CT images of the 214 patients were analyzed on the picture archiving and communication system by two radiologists, and these CT images were importe d into RadCloud to perform radiomics analysis. A clinical model from radiologic analysis、a radiomics model from radiomic analysis and a combined model from integrating radiologic and radiomic analysis was constructed in the training set, and a nomogram based the combined model was further developed. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to assess the diagnostic performance of three models. Decision curve analysis(DCA) was conducted to evaluate clinical utility of three models by estimating the net benefit at a range of threshold probabilities.Results The combined model had the most excellent diagnostic performance with both the training set (AUC: 0.944) and test set (AUC: 0.911) in differentiating IFD of lung from BP among three models, and obtained the greatest net benefit among three models by DCA. Conclusion Our proposed nomogram, based on a combined model integrating radiologic and radiomics analysis, has a powerful predictive capability for differentiating IFD from BP. A good clinical outcome could be obtained using our nomogram.
Investigating and Improving Common Loop Closure Failures in Visual SLAM
Authors: Khaliq Saran , Anjum Muhammad Latif , Hussain Wajahat , Khattak Muhammad Uzair , Rasool Momen
Published: July 2022

We analyse, for the first time, the popular loop closing module of a well known and widely used open-source visual SLAM (ORB-SLAM) pipeline. Investigating failures in the loop closure module of visual SLAM is challenging since it consists of multiple building blocks. Our meticulous investigations have revealed few interesting findings. Contrary to reported results, ORB-SLAM frequently misses large fraction of loop closures on public (KITTI, TUM RGB-D) datasets. One common assumption is, in such scenarios, the visual place recognition (vPR) block of the loop closure module is unable to find a suitable match due to extreme conditions (dynamic scene, viewpoint/scale changes). We report that native vPR of ORB-SLAM is not the sole reason for these failures. Although recent deep vPR alternatives achieve impressive matching performance, replacing native vPR with these deep alternatives will only partially improve loop closure performance of visual SLAM.
Our findings suggest that the problem lies with the subsequent relative pose estimation module between the matching pair. Surprisingly, using off-the-shelf SIFT based relative pose estimation (non real-time) manages to close most of the loops missed by ORB-SLAM. This significant performance gap between the two available methods suggests that ORB-SLAM’s pipeline can be further matured by focussing on the relative pose estimators, to improve loop closure performance , rather than investing more resources on improving vPR. We also evaluate deep alternatives for relative pose estimation in the context of loop closures. Interestingly, the performance of deep relocalization methods (e.g. MapNet) is worse than classic methods even in loop closures scenarios. This finding further supports the fundamental limitation of deep relocalization methods recently diagnosed.
Finally, we expose the bias in the well known public dataset (KITTI) due to which these commonly occurring failures have alluded the community. We augment the KITTI dataset with detailed loop closing labels. In order to com-pentsate for the bias in the public datasets, we provide a challenging loop closure dataset which contains challenging yet commonly occurring indoor navigation scenarios with loop closures. We hope our findings and the accompanying dataset will help the community in further improving the popular ORB-SLAM’s pipeline.
Visual outcomes of photorefractive keratectomy in the treatment of moderate to high astigmatism
Authors: Farsiani Amir Reza , Zarei-Ghanavati Mehran , Latifi Golshan , Pirzadeh Marzieh , Rezaei Saeed , Ghassemi Hamed
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) results in patients with moderate to high astigmatism.Methods: 112 eyes of 71 patients with a cylindrical component of greater than 3 diopters (D) who have undergone PRK were reviewed retrospectively. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and subjective refraction before and after surgery (1, 3, 6, 12 months) were extracted.Results: The mean age of patients was 28±6 (33 females and 79 men). The preoperative mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -3.39 ± 1.82 D (range 2.50 to −9.00 D), and the mean cylinder was -3.76 ± 0.78 D (range −3.00 to −6.00 D). The mean postoperative cylinder values were -0.73 ± 0.49 D, -0.72 ± 0.46 D, -0.58 ± 0.48 D, and -0.4 ± 0.63 D at 1- month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month visits, respectively. The 12-month efficacy and safety indices were 0.92 ± 0.14 and 0.99 ± 0.10, respectively. The postoperative residual astigmatism was 0.5 D or less in 50% of the eyes. A higher amount of residual astigmatism was observed in the high astigmatism group (Cylinder ≥ 4.00D). Furthermore, postoperative residual astigmatism was correlated with lower preoperative CDVA and mitomycin C time, as well as, higher preoperative cylinder (P <0.001). The target induced astigmatism (TIA), surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and difference vector (DV) were significantly higher in the high astigmatism group at the 12-month follow-up (p <0.001). The angle of error was ±5 degrees in 71% and ±15 degrees in 99% of the eyes.Conclusions: PRK is an effective, and predictable method for the correction of moderate to high astigmatism; however, higher residual astigmatism remains in patients with high astigmatism despite the higher levels of correction.
Is the Internet Usage Time or Internet Use Under Parenteral Supervision Related to Depressive Symptoms in Children During the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Kılıç Betül Orhan , Kılıç Serhat , Gül Eylem , Konuksever Dilek , İlarslan Nisa Eda Çullas
Published: July 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Invasive Aedes japonicus mosquitoes dominate the Aedes fauna collected with gravid traps inWooster, northeastern Ohio, USA
Authors: Nanfack-Minkeu Ferdinand , Delong Alexander , Luri Moses , Poelstra Jelmer W.
Published: July 2022

Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae), or the Asian rock pool mosquito, is an invasive mosquito in Europe and America. It was first detected outside of Asia in 1990 in Oceania. It has since expanded to North America and Europe in 1998 and 2000, respectively. International sale of used tires and the ability of the mosquito to tolerate low temperatures and colonize several biotopes have contributed to its expansion. Even though it is classified as a secondary vector of pathogens, it is competent to several arboviruses and filarial worms, and it is contributing to the transmission of La Crosse virus (LACV) and West Nile virus (WNV). In addition, in some areas, Ae. japonicus outcompetes primary vectors of arboviruses such as Culex species, suggesting that an increase in its density and distribution may represent a major threat to public health. In this study, CDC light, BG-sentinel, and gravid traps were used to collect Ae. japonicus between June and October 2021, in Wooster, Northeastern Ohio, USA. We sequenced a region of the COI gene and performed a phylogenetic analysis to confirm the identity of the collected mosquitos. Our results revealed that (adult) Ae. japonicus mosquitoes were the most abundant mosquito species collected with gravid traps in Wooster in 2021, confirming its establishment in Ohio. All morphologically identified Ae. japonicus were molecularly confirmed, with several showing 100% nucleotide similarity with Ae. japonicus collected in Iowa (USA), and Canada. Its presence may increase the risk of future arbovirus outbreaks. This study stresses the importance of actively monitoring the density and distribution of all members of the Ae. japonicus complex.
WITHDRAWN: Two-grid Arrow-Hurwicz iterative finite element methods for the stationary magnetohydrodynamics flow
Authors: Yang Yun-Bo , Xia Yan-De
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we propose and analyze three kinds of two-grid Arrow-Hurwicz (A-H) iterative finite element methodsfor the stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, which adopt the existingA-H iterative method to obtain the coarse mesh solution, and then correct the solution by threedifferent one-step schemes (Oseen type, Stokes type and Newton type) on the fine mesh. These methods combine the A-H iterative method and the two-grid strategy, maintaining the advantage of both methods and overcoming some of their limitations. Rigorous analysis of the optimal error estimate and stability for three methods are provided. Ample numerical experiments are reported to validate the theoretical results and the efficiency of the numerical schemes.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 65N15 · 65N30 · 65N12 · 65M12
Positional and Dimensional Relation of Tendons Around the First Metatarsal Bone with Hallux Valgus
Authors: Olgunus Zeliha Kurtoğlu , Çiçek Fatih , Koç Turan
Published: July 2022

It was aimed to reveal whether the positions and dimensions of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle tendons related to the hallux around the first metatarsal bone are affected by the severity of hallux valgus (HV) and whether tendon positional changes and tendon sizes affect each other. In formalin-fixed 46 feet, three HV angle subgroups (normal, mild and moderate/severe ) were defined. Width, thickness and cross sectional area (CSA) of tendons of the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) and brevis (EHB), abductor hallucis (AH) and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) were measured. On the clock model created in coronal plane, positional variations of each tendon were indicated. In the moderate-severe HV group, thickness and CSA of the EHB, width and CSA of the AH were smaller, compared to mild HV. Width and CSA of the FHL were smaller in moderate/severe HV than in the normal. Regardless of HV, the width and CSA of the FHL was greater in cases where the FHL located more lateral, and the width of both FHL and AT were greater in cases where AH located more plantar. The smaller tendon size of two intrinsic (one plantar and one dorsal) and one extrinsic muscle in the moderate/severe HV group indicates that the changes reflected in the tendons are more pronounced in the case of high HV severity, and the changes are not limited to the tendons on just one side of the foot. The possible biomechanical effects of AH, FHL and EHB tendon dimensional weakness may be important when planning surgery for moderate/severe HV cases.
Machine learning approach to identify cervical lymph node metastasis based on ultrasonic radiomic features and clinical characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Hui , Yu Bing , Li Yanyan , Zhang Yuhua , Jin Juebin , Ai Yao , Jin Xiance , Yang Yan
Published: July 2022

Preoperative prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma provided a basis for tumor staging and treatment decision. This study aimed to investigate the utility of machine learning and develop different models to preoperative predict cervical lymph node metastasis based on ultrasonic radiomic features and clinical characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules. Data from 400 papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules were included and divided into training and validation group. With help of machine learning, clinical characteristics and ultrasonic radiomic features were extracted and selected using randomforest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression before classified by 5 classifiers. Finally, 10 models were built and their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were measured. Among the 10 models, RF-RF model revealed the highest area under curve (0.812) and accuracy (0.7542) in validation group. The top 10 variables of it included age, 7 textural features, 1 shape feature and 1 first-order feature, in which 8 were high-dimensional features. Thus, RF-RF model showed the best predictive performance for cervical lymph node metastasis. And the importance features selected by it highlighted the unique role of higher-dimensional statistical methods for radiomics analysis.
Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of masticatory muscle changes in patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia before microvascular decompression
Authors: Zhong Qun , Xiao Hui , Zhang Xiaojuan , Wang Chuandong , Zheng Dan
Published: July 2022

Background: Primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) is characterized by chronic neuropathic pain. Few studied have explored masticatory muscle changes in patients with PTN. This study evaluated the changes in the masticatory muscles using magnetic resonance imaging and its predictive factors in these patients.Methods: The radiologic outcomes of 52 patients with PTN and 58 healthy adults were evaluated. The temporalis, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, and masseter muscles were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Atrophy and edema of the masticatory muscles were noted. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with masticatory muscle atrophy.Results: Among the PTN group, the right side of the mouth (61.5%) and the mandibular branch (53.9%) were most affected. Muscle atrophy of the temporalis (P < .001), medial pterygoid (P = .016), lateral pterygoid (P = .031), and masseter (P = .001) and lateral pterygoid edema (P < .001) were significantly higher in the PTN group than in the control group. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that neurovascular conflict significantly predicted mastication muscle atrophy (P = .037).Conclusion: Patients with PTN had higher rates of masticatory muscle atrophy and edema. The assessment of neurovascular conflict may be a preoperative imaging biomarker to predict atrophy in PTN.
Surface Wave Inversion Method Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Support Vector Regression Machine
Authors: Liao Jin , Lu Yongxu , Cui Xiaoqin , Peng Suping , Xu Zihe , Shi Haolei , Sun Ronghou
Published: July 2022

Surface wave inversion can be used to detect shallow surface stratigraphic structures. However, the efficiency and accuracy of surface wave inversion is always a problem that earthquake researchers need to consider and solve. To address the highly nonlinear, multi-parameter geophysical optimization problem of surface wave inversion, this study proposes a Rayleigh wave dispersion curve based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network combined with support vector regression (CNN-SVR). The inversion method improves the inversion efficiency and accuracy of the surface wave to a certain extent. Among them, in the deep learning training stage, the method of refinement and layering was used to process the training set to improve the inversion resolution. The experimental results show that the surface wave inversion method proposed in this paper can better predict the stratigraphic structure in practical data applications, and the prediction error is small, which shows the practicability and superiority of this research method.
Design and Analysis of CompactSubstrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW)Cavity Resonator Based MicrofluidicBiosensor for X-Band Applications
Authors: S Saranya , B Sharmila , P Jeyakumar , P Muthuchidambaranathan
Published: July 2022

Biosensors are compact miniaturized devices to measure the biologicalsamples based on the molecular structure and convert the sameto electronic signals. The substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavitybased resonators loaded with a circular cavity can be used as a biosensorin a non invasive manner to detect the biological tissues in the sample with better efficiency and miniaturized structure.The biosensingsamples may vary from proteins to enzymes which has gained ahuge response in the industries likes medical, agriculture, food processingindustry and many more over the decades. The substrate materialof antenna is designed with Rogers RT/Duroid 5870 which has thedielectric constant of 2.33. The Rectangular patch antenna is thenloaded with the SIW vias for an enhanced performance of S parameterfrom -17.21 dB to -44.88dB operating at the X band (8 to 12GHz) frequencies. The microwell made from the Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) material is inserted into the patch infrom of circularslot to achieve the biosensing application. The microwell based SIWcavity is then simulated for different diameters of PDMS to improvethe S11 parameter and Voltage standing wave ratio. The fabricatedantenna is tested to work in the TE110 mode at a resonant frequencyof 12.12GHZ with a improved return loss characteristics of -42.45 dB
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in Haemodialysis in Cochabamba, Bolivia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tebib Nicolas , Tebib Nathalie , Paredes Mauricio , Castro Rosario , Baggio Stéphanie , Torrico Mario Villarroel , Leon Amilcar Alejandro Flores , Zamorano Maya Herbas , Chappuis Francois , Getaz Laurent
Published: July 2022

﻿Background: Strongyloidiasis is an infectious disease that can be fatal in immunocompromised patients. Patients with end-stage renal failure who are on dialysis have a considerably weakened immune system, and kidney transplantation is a major risk factor for severe strongyloidiasis. Knowledge of the local epidemiology in tropical and subtropical areas is an essential prerequisite for designing an appropriate strategy to prevent this potentially lethal complication. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of S. stercoralis infection in patients on dialysis in Cochabamba, Bolivia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among patients undergoing haemodialysis in Cochabamba (elevation 2,500 metres, temperate climate), collecting information on socio-demographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables, and using one coproparasitological technique (the modified Baermann technique) and one serological (ELISA) test.Results: In total, 149 patients participated in the study (mean age = 51.4 years, 48.3% male). End-stage renal disease was predominantly (59%) of hypertensive and/or diabetic origin. The positive serological prevalence was 18.8% (95% CI: 13.3%–25.9%). Based on the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA test, the estimate of the true prevalence was 15.1% (95% CI: 9.4%–20.7%). Stool samples of 105 patients (70.5%) showed a coproparasitological prevalence of 1.9% (95% CI: 0.52%–6.68%). No potential risk factors were significantly associated with S. stercoralis infection.Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of S. stercoralis in Bolivian patients undergoing haemodialysis in Cochabamba. We recommend presumptive antiparasitic treatment at regular intervals to avoid the potentially fatal complications of severe strongyloidiasis.
The spatial signature of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum infections: Quantifying the clustering of infections in cross-sectional surveys and cohort studies
Authors: Sandfort Mirco , Monteiro Wuelton , Lacerda Marcus , Nguitragool Wang , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Waltmann Andreea , Salje Henrik , Vantaux Amélie , Witkowski Benoit , Robinson Leanne J. , Mueller Ivo , White Michael
Published: July 2022

Background: Over the last decades, enormous successes have been achieved in reducing malaria burden globally. In Latin America, South East Asia, and the Western Pacific, many countries now pursue the goal of malaria elimination by 2030. It is widely acknowledged that Plasmodium spp. infections cluster spatially so that interventions need to be spatially informed, e.g. spatially targeted reactive case detection strategies. We introduce the spatial signature method as a tool to quantify the distance around an index infection within which other infections significantly cluster.Methods: We considered data from cross-sectional surveys from Brazil, Thailand, Cambodia, and Solomon Islands, conducted between 2012 and 2018. Household locations were recorded by GPS and finger-prick blood samples from participants were tested for Plasmodium infection by PCR. We also included cohort studies from Brazil and Thailand with monthly sampling over a year from 2013 until 2014. We calculated the prevalence of PCR-confirmed infections at increasing distance around index infections (and growing time intervals in the cohort studies). Statistical significance was defined as prevalence outside of a 95%-quantile interval of a bootstrap null distribution after random re-allocation of locations of infections.Results: Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum infections was elevated in close proximity around index infections and decreased with distance in most study sites, e.g. from 21.3% at 0 km to the global study prevalence of 6.4% for P. vivax in the Cambodian survey. In the cohort studies, the clustering decreased with longer time windows. The distance from index infections to a 50% reduction of prevalence ranged from 25 m to 3,175 m, tending to shorter distances at lower global study prevalence. Conclusions: The spatial signatures of P. vivax and P. falciparum infections demonstrate spatial clustering across a diverse set of study sites, quantifying the distance within which the clustering occurs. The method offers a novel tool in malaria epidemiology, potentially informing reactive intervention strategies regarding radius choices of operations around detected infections and thus strengthening malaria elimination endeavours.
Tunable phononic coupling in excitonic quantum emitters
Authors: Li Mo , Ripin Adina , Peng Ruoming , Zhang Xiaowei , Chakravarthi Srivatsa , He Minhao , Xu Xiaodong , Fu Kai-Mei , Cao Ting
Published: July 2022

Engineering the coupling between fundamental quantum excitations is at the heart of quantum science and technologies. A significant case is the creation of quantum light sources in which coupling between single photons and phonons can be controlled and harnessed to enable quantum information transduction. Here, we report the creation of designer quantum emitters featuring highly tunable coupling between single photons and phonons. The quantum emitters are formed in strain-induced quantum dots created in homobilayer semiconductor WSe2. The colocalization of quantum confined interlayer excitons and THz interlayer breathing mode phonons, which directly modulate the exciton energy, leads to a uniquely strong phonon coupling to single-photon emission. The single-photon spectrum features a single-photon purity >92% and multiple phonon replicas, each heralding the creation of a phonon Fock state. Owing to the vertical dipole moment of the interlayer exciton, the phonon-photon interaction is electrically tunable in a wide range, promising to reach the strong coupling regime. Our result demonstrates a new type of solid-state quantum excitonic-optomechanical system at the atomic interface that emits flying photonic qubits coupled with stationary phonons, which could be exploited for quantum transduction and interconnection.
Study of the right hepatic veins based on autopsy and CT three-dimensional reconstruction for the application of right living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Liu Benju , Zhou Tingyong , Lv Fajin , Zhang Lin
Published: July 2022

Purpose
To investigate the anatomy and variations of right hepatic veins (RHVs) for the right hepatic lobe partial living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) by autopsy and multidetector computed tomography (CT).
Methods
The livers of 50 Chinese adult cadavers were dissected and the hepatic veins of 100 normal subjects who underwent CT angiography in the hepatic venous phase with a 64-slice CT scanner were reconstructed. The anatomy and variations of RHVs and the venous drainage of the right half of the liver were observed.
Results
Two types and four subtypes of RHV were identified. Type Ⅰa was the most common type, which accounted for 64% of cadaveric livers and 63% of CT subjects. The beginning and ending of the main trunk of RHV were deeper than the middle section. The distance from the RHV flowing into IVC to the middle hepatic vein (MHV) flowing into IVC was less than 2 cm in 94% of cadaveric livers and 96% of CT subjects. The length between the RHV inflow into IVC and the nearest tributary (≥ 3 mm in diameter) was longer than 1 cm in 44.0% of cadaveric livers and 74.7% of CT subjects. Hepatic venous outflow of the right anterior sector primarily drained through the MHV. The incidence of accessory RHV (ARHV) with a minimal diameter of 5 mm was 32.0% in cadaveric livers and 28.0% in CT subjects. The diameter of the thickest ARHV in the liver was negatively correlated with the diameter of RHV.
Conclusions
Although the RHV is the main outflow vein of the right half of the liver in Chinese people, most of the right anterior sector is also drained through the MHV. The incidence of large ARHV is high. In the right hepatic lobe partial LDLT, the tributaries of MHV and the large ARHV should be reconstructed. CT three-dimensional reconstruction can well display the ARHV with surgical significance.
Population dynamics of Aceria cajani (Acari: Eriophyidae) and efficacy of different insecticides/acaricides on pigeonpea
Authors: A Vasudha , G Umapathy , R Vishnupriya , D Vijayalakshmi , SK Manoranjitham , V Balasubramani
Published: July 2022

The pigeonpea eriophyid mite, Aceria cajani, vector of sterility mosaic disease in pigeonpea, causes economic damage of up to 90% during the early stages of crop growth. The major element in deploying management practice is to know the population dynamics of the pest. The population dynamics of A. cajani both in field and green house conditions revealed that the mite population reached a peak in the summer (March) and another peak in the post-monsoon period (October), whereas the lowest populations were recorded in winter (January). The greenhouse mite population showed similar patterns of seasonal dynamics as in the field. The Principal Component Analysis was conducted to know the significance of variables that influences the mite density.it was found that maximum and minimum temperature are important variables that influence mite density The insecticide and acaricide trials on A. cajani found that spiromesifen, propargite, etna (fenpyroximate + profenophos), fipronil, and etoxazole are effective in reducing the number of mites, followed by diafenthurion, profenophos, and dimethioate. The entomopathogenic fungi formulations, viz., Hirustella thompsoni and Beauveria bassiana, were comparatively less effective to chemicals.
Anionic powdered-nanoliposome loaded with algal oil: Effects of carrier agents on storage stability, in-vitro digestibility and cellular uptake
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Feng Xiaoxiao , Zhao Jiahe , Lin Jiale , Shen Cai , Lai Oi-Ming , Tan Chin-Ping , Cheong Ling-Zhi
Published: July 2022

Present study prepared anionic powdered-nanoliposomes loaded with algal oil using phosphatidylserine and different wall materials (maltodextrin and hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin). All the powdered liposomes were nanosized (238.97 ± 4.67–256.30 ± 0.85 nm) with negative zeta potential (-71.80 ± 7.84 – -51.46 ± 1.27 mv). We have investigated and compared the effects of different wall materials on the oxidative stability, in-vitro digestibility and cellular uptake of the spray-dried powders were investigated. Results showed MD was able to provide higher oxidative stability to anionic-powdered liposomes loaded with algal oil. In addition, powdered liposomes produced from MD demonstrated better in-vitro digestibility with increased in SLC27A4, FABP2 and CD36 gene expression indicating good cellular uptake of the powdered liposomes.
Effects of environmental factors on avian communities in urban parks in small to medium-sized city
Authors: Dong Kai , Li Yongmin , Li Dongwei , Hu Wenfeng , Xu Gaoxiao
Published: July 2022

With a worldwide expansion of urbanization, the conservation of urban biodiversity is attracting growing attention. It is of great significance to study the relationship between wildlife and urban green space. In this study,we focused on 32 parks in the urban area of Fuyang city in the North China Plain. A total of 8795 individual birds from 69 species were recorded. The study found that (a) at the local level, tree diversity and heights are the most important factors contributing to each level of bird diversity, followed by the coverage of shrubs and herbs; (b) at the landscape level, the proportion of woodland has a strong positive correlation with the multidimensional diversity of birds, followed by the patch diversity and percent of grassland. Our results showed that artificial control of green space structure can effectively increase bird diversity. Increasing the area of urban green space, and at the same time, increasing the proportion of woodland, shrubs, herbs and water in urban parks can provide diverse habitats for birds, thereby improving bird diversity.
Preventing surgical site infection after cholecystitis by postoperative antibiotic: A randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Zabihi-Mahmoudabadi Hossein , Akbari Hamed , Abedi-kichi Raziyeh , Rahimpour Ehsan , Hajebi Reza , Tavakkoli Hassan
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Surgical site infection is one of the most common complications of surgical procedures and the best method for its risk reduction is prevention. The main purpose of this study is to assess the prophylactic role of postoperative antibiotics in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection.Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized trial at Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2019 to 2021 to compare the postoperative incidence of surgical site infection and deep wound infection, in patients with mild or moderate cholecystitis who underwent elective cholecystectomy in patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics to those who did not receive antibiotics.Results: The postoperative antibiotics do not associated with a significant decrease in postoperative surgical site infection (P>0.05).Conclusion: Through this study, we demonstrated that postoperative antibiotics did not have a prophylactic role in the prevention of surgical site infection.