bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
F3‐Isoprostanes as a Measure of in vivo Oxidative Damage in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Nguyen Thuy T. , Aschner Michael
Published: November 2014

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of a wide variety of disease processes, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as progressive and normal aging processes. Isoprostanes (IsoPs) are prostaglandin‐like compounds that are generated in vivo from lipid peroxidation of arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4, ω‐6) and other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Since the discovery of IsoPs by Morrow and Roberts in 1990, quantification of IsoPs has been shown to be an excellent source of biomarkers of in vivo oxidative damage. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, ω‐3) is the most abundant PUFA in Caenorhabditis elegans and gives rise to F3‐IsoPs upon nonenzymatic free‐radical‐catalyzed lipid peroxidation. The protocol presented is the current methodology that our laboratory uses to quantify F3‐IsoPs in C. elegans using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The methods described herein have been optimized and validated to provide the best sensitivity and selectivity for quantification of F3‐IsoPs from C. elegans lysates. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
External total alkalinity loads versus internal generation: The influence of nonriverine alkalinity sources in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Gustafsson Erik , Wällstedt Teresia , Humborg Christoph , Mörth Carl‐Magnus , Gustafsson Bo G.
Published: November 2014

In this study we first present updated riverine total alkalinity (TA) loads to the various Baltic Sea sub‐basins, based on monthly measurements in 82 of the major rivers that represent 85% of the total runoff. Simulations in the coupled physical‐biogeochemical BALTSEM (BAltic sea Long‐Term large Scale Eutrophication Model) model show that these river loads together with North Sea water inflows are not sufficient to reproduce observed TA concentrations in the system, demonstrating the large influence from internal sources. Budget calculations indicate that the required internal TA generation must be similar to river loads in magnitude. The nonriverine source in the system amounts to about 2.4 mmol m−2 d−1 on average. We argue here that the majority of this source is related to denitrification together with unresolved sediment processes such as burial of reduced sulfur and/or silicate weathering. This hypothesis is supported by studies on sediment processes on a global scale and also by data from sediment cores in the Baltic Sea. In a model simulation with all internal TA sources and sinks switched on, the net absorption of atmospheric CO2 increased by 0.78 mol C m−2 yr−1 compared to a simulation where TA was treated as a passive tracer. Our results clearly illustrate how pelagic TA sources together with anaerobic mineralization in coastal sediments generate a significant carbon sink along the aquatic continuum, mitigating CO2 evasions from coastal and estuarine systems.
Rayleigh wave group velocity distributions for East Asia using ambient seismic noise
Authors: Witek Michael , van der Lee Suzan , Kang Tae‐Seob
Published: November 2014

Vertical component data from 206 broadband seismometer stations from Korean networks Korean Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources and Korea Meteorological Administration, the Japanese F‐net network, and the Chinese New China Digital Seismograph Network and Northeast China Extended Seismic Array network are collected for the year 2011, and the ambient seismic noise is analyzed. Rayleigh wave group velocity distribution maps are created in the period range 10 to 70 s. Our results are largely consistent with previous studies of the area but provide greater detail in the Korean peninsula and the Sea of Japan. Low group velocities are observed in the Ulleung basin, and the Chubu‐Kanto and Kyushu regions in Japan. At 10 s period, sediment basins in the Sea of Japan appear as low group velocity regions relative to higher group velocity continental regions. At periods longer than 40 s, a low group velocity region emerges in the Ulleung basin region, and is bounded by the Korean peninsula.
A new pair of indices to describe the relationship between ionospheric disturbances and geomagnetic activity
Authors: Chen Zhou , Wang Jing‐Song , Huang Chun‐Ming , Huang Lin‐Feng
Published: November 2014

In this paper, a new ionospheric index pair—the single‐station index (Js) and the planetary index (Jp), which describe ionospheric disturbances—is constructed using the spectral‐whitening method. Observations covering more than 30 years and obtained from 21 ionosonde stations widely distributed across middle‐ and low‐latitude areas are used in the study. Variations in the Js index at all stations generally follow the variation of the geomagnetic Dst index during periods of strong to moderate geomagnetic activity. Nevertheless, the inertial response of Js to weak geomagnetic activity results in a weak correlation between Js and Dst. The extrema of Js and Dst during the same geomagnetic activity period have a much higher correlation coefficient, since they avoid the delaying effect of the ionospheric response to geomagnetic activity. To smooth out local differences among ionospheric disturbances, the Jp index was defined as the means of all Js indices and so describes ionospheric disturbances at the planetary scale. The Jp index is significantly correlated to the Dst index, and the correlation coefficient between the extrema of Jp and Dst is up to −0.8. This correlation remains robust when the data set length varies, and data from approximately 10 stations are sufficient to derive a reasonable estimate of Jp. The quantitative relationship between Jp and Dst can be used to reproduce Jp by adopting Dst as the precursor, and this raises the possibility of predicting planetary ionospheric disturbances based on geomagnetic activity.
Laing distal myopathy pathologically resembling inclusion body myositis
Authors: Roda Ricardo H. , Schindler Alice B. , Blackstone Craig , Mammen Andrew L. , Corse Andrea M. , Lloyd Thomas E.
Published: November 2014

Mutations in MYH7 cause autosomal dominant Laing distal myopathy. We present a family with a previously reported deletion (c.5186_5188delAGA, p.K1729del). Muscle pathology in one family member was characterized by an inflammatory myopathy with rimmed vacuoles, increased MHC Class I expression, and perivascular and endomysial muscle inflammation comprising CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD68+ inflammatory cells. Interestingly, this biopsy specimen contained TDP‐43, p62, and SMI‐31‐positive protein aggregates typical of inclusion body myositis. These findings should alert physicians to the possibility that patients with MYH7 mutations may have muscle biopsies showing pathologic findings similar to inclusion body myositis.
Synthesis and Evaluation of (S)‐Proline‐Containing α,β‐Dipeptides as Organocatalysts in Solvent‐Free Asymmetric Aldol Reactions Under Ball‐Milling Conditions
Authors: Machuca Elizabeth , Rojas Yenisey , Juaristi Eusebio
Published: November 2014

With the aim of developing sustainable enantioselective reactions, the organocatalytic activity of three proline‐based α,β‐dipeptides was evaluated in the asymmetric aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde according to three contrasting experimental protocols: (1) solvent‐free, under high‐speed ball milling (HSBM) activation, (2) neat conditions with conventional stirring, and (3) in solution with conventional stirring. The HSBM technique, providing “green” solvent‐free reaction conditions, proved to be the synthetic strategy of choice, proceeding in shorter reaction times and affording the aldol products with higher stereoselectivity. The organocatalytic activity of two of the α,β‐dipeptides was then compared in the solvent‐free asymmetric aldol reaction under ball‐milling activation in order to establish the influence of a stereogenic center in the β‐amino acid residue on the stereoinducing ability of the organocatalyst. The organocatalyst with one stereogenic center and the organocatalyst with two stereogenic centers exhibit similar efficiency in the asymmetric aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde, affording the aldol product in excellent yield, and with high anti diastereoselectivity and good enantioselectivity. Thus, the presence of a second stereogenic center in the α,β‐dipeptide organocatalysts does not result in a more stereoselective reaction relative to that induced by the α,β‐dipeptide organocatalyst with one stereogenic center.
On the quantum‐to‐classical transition of a particle in a box
Authors: Paton Jamie E , Wootton Mark James , Everitt Mark J.
Published: November 2014

The exact formulation of the correspondence principle and in particular understanding the quantum‐to‐classical transition remains an open problem in quantum mechanics. In this paper we present our investigation into the quantum‐to‐classical transition of the most trivial of quantum systems — a particle in a box. Whilst it is perhaps surprising, even this example can produce new physical insight into these fundamental problems. With modern fabrication techniques of nano‐mechanical systems we will be able to experimentally investigate these results and directly observe the quantum‐to‐classical transition. This will enable us to build technologies that probe the fundamental questions of quantum mechanics, such as the maximum size of a quantum object.
Aerobic Palladium‐Catalyzed Dioxygenation of Alkenes Enabled by Catalytic Nitrite
Authors: Wickens Zachary K. , Guzmán Pablo E. , Grubbs Robert H.
Published: November 2014

Catalytic nitrite was found to enable carbon–oxygen bond‐forming reductive elimination from unstable alkyl palladium intermediates, providing dioxygenated products from alkenes. A variety of functional groups were tolerated, and high yields (up to 94 %) were observed with many substrates, also for a multigram‐scale reaction. Nitrogen dioxide, which could form from nitrite under the reaction conditions, was demonstrated to be a potential intermediate in the catalytic cycle. Furthermore, the reductive elimination event was probed with 18O‐labeling experiments, which demonstrated that both oxygen atoms in the difunctionalized products were derived from one molecule of acetic acid.
Rapid and Efficient Copper‐Catalyzed Finkelstein Reaction of (Hetero)Aromatics under Continuous‐Flow Conditions
Authors: Chen Mao , Ichikawa Saki , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: November 2014

A general, rapid, and efficient method for the copper‐catalyzed Finkelstein reaction of (hetero)aromatics has been developed using continuous flow to generate a variety of aryl iodides. The described method can tolerate a broad spectrum of functional groups, including N‐H and O‐H groups. Additionally, in lieu of isolation, the aryl iodide solutions were used in two distinct multistep continuous‐flow processes (amidation and Mg–I exchange/nucleophilic addition) to demonstrate the flexibility of this method.
Ligand‐Controlled Regiodivergent Nickel‐Catalyzed Annulation of Pyridones
Authors: Donets Pavel A. , Cramer Nicolai
Published: November 2014

The 1,6‐annulated 2‐pyridone motif is found in many biologically active compounds and its close relation to the indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloid core makes it an attractive building block. A nickel‐catalyzed CH functionalization of 2‐pyridones and subsequent cyclization affords 1,6‐annulated 2‐pyridones by selective intramolecular olefin hydroarylation. The switch between the exo‐ and endo‐cyclization modes is controlled by two complementary sets of ligands. Irrespective of the ring size, the regioselectivity during the cyclization is under full catalyst control. Simple cyclooctadiene promotes an exo‐selective cyclization, whereas a bulky N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand results in an endo‐selective mode. The method was further applied in the synthesis of the lupin alkaloid cytisine.
Catalyst‐Controlled Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis as a Principal Strategy in Multistep Synthesis Design: A Concise Route to (+)‐Neopeltolide
Authors: Yu Miao , Schrock Richard R. , Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: November 2014

Molybdenum‐, tungsten‐, and ruthenium‐based complexes that control the stereochemical outcome of olefin metathesis reactions have been recently introduced. However, the complementary nature of these systems through their combined use in multistep complex molecule synthesis has not been illustrated. A concise diastereo‐ and enantioselective route that furnishes the anti‐proliferative natural product neopeltolide is now disclosed. Catalytic transformations are employed to address every stereochemical issue. Among the featured processes are an enantioselective ring‐opening/cross‐metathesis promoted by a Mo monoaryloxide pyrrolide (MAP) complex and a macrocyclic ring‐closing metathesis that affords a trisubstituted alkene and is catalyzed by a Mo bis(aryloxide) species. Furthermore, Z‐selective cross‐metathesis reactions, facilitated by Mo and Ru complexes, have been employed in the stereoselective synthesis of the acyclic dienyl moiety of the target molecule.
From cyberbullying to well‐being: A narrative‐based participatory approach to values‐oriented design for social media
Authors: Bowler Leanne , Knobel Cory , Mattern Eleanor
Published: November 2014

This study looks at mean and cruel online behavior through the lens of design, with the goal of developing positive technologies for youth. Narrative inquiry was used as a research method, allowing two focus groups—one composed of teens and the other of undergraduate students—to map out 4 cyberbullying stories. Each cyberbullying story revealed 2 subplots—the story that “is” (as perceived by these participants) and the story that “could be” (if the participants' design recommendations were embedded in social media). The study resulted in a user‐generated framework for designing affordances on social media sites to counter acts of cyberbullying. Seven emergent design themes are evident in the participants' cyberbullying narratives: design for hesitation, design for consequence, design for empathy, design for personal empowerment, design for fear, design for attention, and design for control and suppression. We conclude with a typological analysis of the values present in the participants' design recommendations, applying Cheng and Fleischman's values framework (2010).
Contextualizing the information‐seeking behavior of software engineers
Authors: Freund Luanne
Published: November 2014

Information seeking in the workplace can vary substantially from one search to the next due to changes in the context of the search. Modeling these dynamic contextual effects is an important challenge facing the research community because it has the potential to lead to more responsive search systems. With this motivation, a study of software engineers was conducted to understand the role that contextual factors play in shaping their information‐seeking behavior. Research was conducted in the field in a large technology company and comprised six unstructured interviews, a focus group, and 13 in‐depth, semistructured interviews. Qualitative analysis revealed a set of contextual factors and related information behaviors. Results are formalized in the contextual model of source selection, the main contributions of which are the identification of two types of conditioning variables (requirements and constraints) that mediate between the contextual factors and source‐selection decisions, and the articulation of dominant source‐selection patterns. The study has implications for the design of context‐sensitive search systems in this domain and may inform contextual approaches to information seeking in other professional domains.
A transient event in AD 775 reported by al‐Tabarī: A bolide – not a nova, supernova, or kilonova
Authors: Neuhäuser R. , Kunitzsch P.
Published: November 2014

Given that the cause for the strong increase in 14C in AD 774/5 in Japanese and German trees is still a matter of debate (e.g. short gamma‐ray burst or solar super‐flare), we have searched in Arabic chronicles for reports about unusual transient celestial events. In the History of al‐Tabarī we found two (almost identical) reports about such an event. The group around caliph al‐Mansūr observed a transient event while on the way from Baghdad to Mecca on AD 775 Augusst 29– September 1 (Julian calendar). A celestial object (kawkab) was seen to fall or set (inqadda), and its trace (atharuhu) was seen for at least tens of minutes (up to 70–90 min) during morning twilight. The reports use the Arabic words kawkab and athar(uhu), which were also used in the known Arabic reports about supernovae SN 1006 and 1054, so that one might consider an interpretation as a nova‐like event. The kawkab (celestial object) was observed only during the morning twilight at a brightness of probably between about –3 and 0 mag. Such a brightness and time‐scale would be expected for optical kilonovae (at ∼3 to 9 kpc) in the context of short gamma‐ray bursts. There are no similar reports from eastern Asia for this time. However, the short reports are fully consistent with a bolide: The word kawkab can be used for meteor, the verb inqad. d. a normally means falling down, the word atharuhu can mean its trace. We therefore prefer the interpretation as bolide. We discuss in detail how to convert the Muslim calendar date to a date in the Julian calendar using first the calculated Islamic calendar and then considering the time when the crescent new moon could be visible at the given location. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Optimized Design of Choice Experiments: A New Approach for Studying Decision Behavior in Choice Task Experiments
Authors: Pfeiffer Jella , Duzevik Dejan , Rothlauf Franz , Bonabeau Eric , Yamamoto Koichi
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we present a new approach for the optimal experimental design problem of generating diagnostic choice tasks, where the respondent's decision strategy can be unambiguously deduced from the observed choice. In this new approach, we applied a genetic algorithm that creates a one‐to‐one correspondence between a set of predefined decision strategies and the alternatives of the choice task; it also manipulates the characteristics of the choice tasks. In addition, this new approach takes into account the measurement errors that can occur when the preferences of the decision makers are being measured. The proposed genetic algorithm is capable of generating diagnostic choice tasks even when the search space of possible choice tasks is very large. As proof‐of‐concept, we used this novel approach to generate respondent‐specific choice tasks with either low or high context‐based complexity that we operationalize by the similarity of alternatives and the conflict between alternatives. We find in an experiment that an increase in the similarity of the alternatives and an increase in the number of conflicts within the choice task lead to an increased use of non‐compensatory strategies and a decreased use of compensatory decision strategies. In contrast, the size of the choice tasks, measured by the number of attributes and alternatives, only weakly influences the strategy selection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of capping agent concentration on thermoluminescence and photoluminescence of copper‐doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles
Authors: Wanjari Lata , Bisen D. P. , Brahme Namita , Sahu Ishwar Prasad , Sharma Ravi
Published: November 2014

Copper‐doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu) nanoparticles with varying concentrations of capping agent were prepared using a chemical route technique. These particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Optical absorption studies showed that the absorption edge shifted towards the blue region as the concentration of the capping agent increased. Using effective mass approximation, calculation of the nanoparticle size indicated that effective band gap energy increases with decreasing particle size. The thermoluminescence (TL) properties of sodium hexameta phosphate (SHMP)‐passivated ZnS:Cu nanoparticles were investigated after UV irradiation at room temperature. The TL glow curve of capped ZnS:Cu showed variations in TL peak position and intensity with the change in capping agent concentration. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of ZnS:Cu nanoparticles excited at 254 nm exhibited a broad green emission band peaking around 510 nm, which confirmed the characteristic feature of Zn2+ as well as Cu2+ ions as the luminescent centres in the lattice. The PL spectra of ZnS:Cu nanoparticles with increasing capping agent concentrations revealed that the emission becomes more intense and shifted towards shorter wavelengths as the sizes of the samples were reduced. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reusable nanocopy machine particles for the replication of DNA
Authors: Say Rıdvan , Biçen Ünlüer Özlem , Ersöz Arzu , Öziç Cem , Kılıç Volkan
Published: November 2014

As one of the most important components copying DNA molecules in the PCR system, Taq DNA polymerase has a high processivity, however, lower persistence when compared to other polymerases. Studies for the enhancement of stability of Taq DNA polymerase is of great importance. The present study describes the integration of PCR application of cross‐linked Taq DNA polymerase enzyme in a nanochamber using a ruthenium based MATyr‐Ru‐(bipyr)2)‐MATyr monomer hapten prepared by photosensitive microemulsion polymerization technique. The conjugation and cross‐linking have achieved using our previously invented Aminoacid (monomer) Decorated and Light Underpining Conjugation Approach (ANADOLUCA) method. Microemulsion polymerization media has prepared by dispersing PVA in deionized water. The nano enzyme could be easily prepared at room temperature, in daylight and under nitrogen atmosphere using ruthenium based photosensitive cross‐linking agents. The nano copy machine particles (nano Taq DNA polymerase) are very stable against more acidic or more basic conditions, high temperatures and could be reusable in PCR analysis for many times without any deformation in their structures. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:119–123, 2015
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of the New Lead Strontium Germanate PbSrGeO4.
Authors: Petschnig Lucas L. , Wurst Klaus , Perfler Lukas , Johrendt Dirk , Huppertz Hubert
Published: November 2014

PbSrGeO4 is prepared by a high‐temperature reaction of stoichiometric amounts of PbO, SrCO3, and GeO2 (platinum crucible, 900 °C, 130 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Anion‐Deficient Fluorite‐Related Superstructure of Bi28V8O62.
Authors: Dordevic T. , Karanovic Lj.
Published: November 2014

Single crystals of the title compound are hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of Bi2O3, CuO, and V2O5 in a molar ratio of 3:1:1 (autoclave, 220 °C, 50 h, 10% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Phase Transition and Antiferromagnetic Transition of Tb3RuO7.
Authors: Hinatsu Yukio , Doi Yoshihiro
Published: November 2014

Polycrystalline Tb3RuO7 is prepared by solid state reaction of Tb4O and RuO2 (1473 K, 30 h) and is investigated through magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, high‐temperature XRD, and DSC measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Properties of High‐Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Synthesized by a Solid‐State Method.
Authors: Lv Yan‐Zhuo , Jin Yan‐Zhang , Xue Yuan , Wu Jin , Zhang Xiao‐Gang , Wang Zhen‐Bo
Published: November 2014

The cathode material for lithium ion batteries of title is prepared in bulk amounts (<0.5 kg) by solid state reaction of stoichiometric mixtures of commercial raw materials Li2CO3 and NiO, and electrolytic MnO2 (800—950 °C for 8—14 h and 600 °C for 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: An Exceptionally Fast Homogeneous Carbon‐Free Cobalt‐Based Water Oxidation Catalyst.
Authors: Hill Craig L. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2014

Na10 [Co4(H2O)2 (VW9O34)2]·35H2O is synthesized from a mixture of Na2WO4, Co(NO3)2, and NaVO3 dissolved in sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.8, 80 °C, 2 h, ≈13% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: A Monovacant Heteropolytungstate‐Incorporated Trimeric Carbonyl Rhenium Cluster, [(AsW11O39){Re(CO)3}3 (μ3‐OH)(μ2‐OH)]6‐: Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Properties.
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Zhang Dongdi , Huo Zhiyuan , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang , Wang Jingping
Published: November 2014

The rhenium carbonyl cluster (Me4N)13 [H11(AsW11O39)4{(Re (CO)3)3(μ3‐OH) (μ2‐OH)}4]·23H2O is synthesized by reaction of Re(CO)5Cl and [Me4N]8[HAsW9O4] in a mixture of MeCN and H2O (80 °C, 1 h, 15% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Tetradecacobalt(II)‐Containing 36‐Niobate [Co14(OH)16 (H2O)8Nb36O106]20‐ and Its Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Activity.
Authors: Niu Jingyang , Li Fang , Zhao Junwei , Ma Pengtao , Zhang Dongdi , Bassil Bassem , Kortz Ulrich , Wang Jingping
Published: November 2014

Na12K8 [Co14(OH)16 (H2O)8Nb36O106] ·71H2O is hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of K7[HNb6O19], Co(NO3)2, bipy, 4,4′‐bipyridine, and NaOH (autoclave, pH 11.7, 120 °C, 6 d, 14% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Squaramide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Pyranones and Pyranonaphthoquinones via Cascade Reactions of 1,3‐Dicarbonyls with Morita—Baylis—Hillman Acetates of Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Nair Divya K. , Menna‐Barreto Rubem F. S. , da Silva Eufranio N. Jr. , Mobin Shaikh M. , Namboothiri Irishi N. N.
Published: November 2014

Title compounds (III) and (VI) are formed in high yields with good to excellent, dia‐ and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Binaphtholate‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Lithium Acetylides to Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Kotani Shunsuke , Kukita Kenji , Tanaka Kana , Ichibakase Tomonori , Nakajima Makoto
Published: November 2014

Best results in the reactions with ketones are obtained by adding a solution of the ketone to the acetylide over a period of one hour.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Aminolactonization of 1,2‐Disubstituted Alkenoic Acid Esters: Efficient Construction of Aminolactones with an All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereo‐Center.
Authors: Hajra Saumen , Akhtar Sk Md Samim , Aziz Sk Mohammad
Published: November 2014

The title reaction of alkenoic acid esters gives exclusively trans‐γ and δ‐lactones bearing the amino‐functionality with high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Aryl Mellitic Acid Esters Through a Surprising Oxidative Esterification Reaction.
Authors: Geraskina Margarita R. , Juetten Mark J. , Winter Arthur H.
Published: November 2014

The yield of mellitic acid (I) is mentioned to be determined after methylation.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Allyl‐α‐aryl α‐Amino Esters in the Asymmetric Synthesis of Acyclic and Cyclic Amino Acid Derivatives by Alkene Metathesis.
Authors: Curto John M. , Kozlowski Marisa C.
Published: November 2014

The recently published route towards α,α‐disubstituted α‐amino acids via umpolung N‐alkylation followed by asymmetric allylic alkylation is combined with cross‐metathesis and ring‐closing metathesis, respectively, broadening the allylic diversity and giving even access to higher ring homologes of α‐substituted prolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Desilylative Carboxylation of Aryltrimethylsilanes Using CO2 in the Presence of Catalytic Phosphazenium Salt.
Authors: Yonemoto‐Kobayashi Misato , Inamoto Kiyofumi , Kondo Yoshinori
Published: November 2014

Arylsilanes bearing a triethoxysilyl or trichlorosilyl group instead of the trimethylsilyl substituent do not react to the desired benzoic acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclocarbopalladation/Cross‐Coupling Cascade Reactions in Sulfide Series: Access to Sulfur Heterocycles.
Authors: Castanheiro Thomas , Donnard Morgan , Gulea Mihaela , Suffert Jean
Published: November 2014

First time, cyclocarbopalladation/cross‐coupling cascade reactions are applied for the efficient synthesis of sulfur heterocycles in combination with both Stille and Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dimethylimidazolium‐2‐carboxylate: A Zwitterionic Salt for the Efficient Synthesis of Vicinal Diols from Cyclic Carbonates.
Authors: Sun Jian , Yao Xiaoqian , Cheng Weiguo , Zhang Suojiang
Published: November 2014

The catalyst can be reused six times without significant loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Method for the Synthesis of N‐Alkyl‐O‐Alkyl Carbamates.
Authors: Vaillard Victoria A. , Gonzalez Marianela , Perotti Jesica P. , Grau Ricardo J. A. , Vaillard Santiago E.
Published: November 2014

Title carbamates (VII) are conveniently and efficiently synthesized using a three‐step procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Functionalized Cyclohexa‐1,3‐dienes by Sulfonyl Nazarov Reagents.
Authors: Pena Javier , Moro Rosalina F. , Marcos Isidro S. , Sanz F. , Diez David
Published: November 2014

Diphenylsilylprolinol is demonstrated to be an efficient catalyst for sulfonyl analogue Nazarov reagents (I) to afford chiral cyclohexa‐1,3‐dienes in a Diels—Alder reaction manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Propargyltrimethylsilanes as Allene Equivalents in Transition Metal‐Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions.
Authors: Wender Paul A. , Inagaki Fuyuhiko , Pfaffenbach Magnus , Stevens Matthew C.
Published: November 2014

Propargyltrimethylsilanes are safe and easy to handle equivalents of allenes in the [5 + 2] cycloadditions with vinylcyclopropane (II) to afford cycloheptenones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile Synthesis of 4‐Spiro‐β‐lactam‐3‐carbonitriles via the Intramolecular Nucleophilic Cyclization of N‐(p‐Hydroxyphenyl)cyanoacetamides.
Authors: Abdellaoui Hassane , Xu Jiaxi
Published: November 2014

A range of N‐substituted spiro‐cyclohexadienoyl‐β‐lactam‐3‐carbonitriles is prepared by condensation of N‐alkylated anilines with cyanoacetic acid followed by oxidative cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free UV‐Vis‐light‐induced Aerobic Oxidative Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids in the Absence of a Photosensitizer.
Authors: Jiang Min , Li Yong , Yang Haijun , Zong Ruilong , Jin Yunhe , Fu Hua
Published: November 2014

Phenols (II) are efficiently and environmentally friendly prepared by photosynthesis using Et3N as sacrificial electron donor and air as the oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Direct Conversion of Esters to Morpholine Amides Using Diisobutyl(morpholino)aluminum: Application to Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Ketones and Aldehydes from Esters.
Authors: Jeon Ah Ram , Kim Min Eai , Park Jae Kyo , Shin Won Kyu , An Duk Keun
Published: November 2014

Reaction of morpholine with iBu2AlH generates diisobutyl(morpholino)aluminum which can be easily trapped with a variety of esters to give the corresponding amides (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Guanylation of Amino Groups by Cyanamide in Water: Catalytic Generation and Activation of Unsubstituted Carbodiimide by Scandium(III) Triflate.
Authors: Tsubokura Kazuki , Iwata Takayuki , Taichi Misako , Kurbangalieva Almira , Fukase Koichi , Nakao Yoichi , Tanaka Katsunori
Published: November 2014

The method is applied to the guanylation of (S)‐ornithine and an ornithine‐containing peptide.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Catalyst of a Nitrogen‐Based Ligand for the Suzuki Coupling Reaction at Room Temperature under Air in Neat Water.
Authors: Liu Shiwen , Lv Meiyun , Xiao Daoan , Li Xiaogang , Zhou Xiuling , Guo Mengping
Published: November 2014

An air‐stable and water‐soluble PdCl2—glycine complex exhibits excellent catalytic activity in the reaction of aryl halides (I) containing a carboxyl group with various boronic acids (II) (24 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroarylation of Styrenes with Electron‐Rich Arenes over Acidic Ion‐Exchange Resins.
Authors: Wen Jingyun , Qi Haofei , Kong Xiangjin , Chen Ligong , Yan Xilong
Published: November 2014

A simple and efficient method for the hydroarylation of various electron‐rich arenes and styrenes using the sulfonic acidic resin D072 as a green and heterogeneous catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Synthesis of 1,3‐Diynes from 1,1‐Dibromoalkenes: A Pd‐Catalyzed Copper‐Free Coupling Method.
Authors: Rao Maddali L. N. , Dasgupta Priyabrata , Ramakrishna Boddu S. , Murty Venneti N.
Published: November 2014

The title reaction involves the base mediated in situ formation of 1‐bromoalkynes and their subsequent coupling to yield 1,3‐diynes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Phthalans via Intramolecular Cyclization from 2‐Alkynylbenzaldehydes.
Authors: Xu Lijun , Jiang Haizhen , Hao Jian , Zhao Gang
Published: November 2014

Tandem nucleophilic/intramolecular cyclization of 2‐(arylalkynyl)benzaldehydes and TmsCF3 offers an efficient one‐pot synthesis of phthalans.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation and Deprotection of F‐BODIPYs Using Boron Trihalides.
Authors: Lundrigan Travis , Cameron T. Stanley , Thompson Alison
Published: November 2014

The activation of F‐BODIPYs with boron trihalides, followed by treatment with a nucleophile, effects substitution at boron.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Formal Oxidative [4 + 1] Cycloaddition of Benzohydroxamic Acids and α‐Diazoesters. A Facile Synthesis of Functionalized Benzolactams.
Authors: Lam Hon‐Wah , Man Ka‐Yi , Chan Wai‐Wing , Zhou Zhongyuan , Yu Wing‐Yiu
Published: November 2014

The reaction is conducted under mild conditions without the need of an external oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Decarboxylative Cyanomethylation of Isatins Using L‐Proline Derived Bifunctional Thiourea.
Authors: Pratap Reddy Gajulapalli V. , Vinayagam Poopathy , Kesavan Venkitasamy
Published: November 2014

The natural product CPC‐1 (VI) is prepared by the presented approach as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Catalyst Free One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzimidazoles from α‐Aroylketene Dithioacetals.
Authors: Dhanalakshmi Pandi , Thimmarayaperumal Solaimalai , Shanmugam Sivakumar
Published: November 2014

2‐Arylbenzimidazoles [(III) and (V)] are efficiently synthesized by green procedures under microwave as well as thermal conditions which give slightly more yields in 2h.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Radical Cyclization: Construction of Δ2‐Isoxazolines from α‐Halo Ketoximes and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Liu Yan‐Yun , Yang Xu‐Heng , Yang Ji , Song Ren‐Jie , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: November 2014

This novel method for the synthesis of Δ2‐isoxazolines through sequential nucleophilic replacement and radical cyclization avoids the regioselectivity problem that usually occurs in the existing methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thiazolidin‐4‐ones from Substituted (Ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamides and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate.
Authors: Hassan Alaa A. , Aly Ashraf A. , El‐Shaieb Kamal M. A. , Bedair Tarek M. I. , Braese Stefan , Brown Alan B.
Published: November 2014

The reaction of thiosemicarbazones (I) with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (II) to give thiazolidin‐4‐one derivatives (III) is reported (no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Highly Stereoselective Approach to trans‐2,5‐Disubstituted‐tetrahydrofuran and trans‐2,6‐Disubstituted‐tetrahydropyran Derivatives.
Authors: Veidenberg Indrek , Toom Lauri , Villo Piret , Vares Lauri
Published: November 2014

Kinetic resolution of bis‐epoxides followed by cyclization allows the synthesis of tetrahydrofuran and pyran derivatives in an enantio‐ and diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Synthesis of Xanthones Catalyzed by a Highly Efficient Copper‐Based Magnetically Recoverable Nanocatalyst.
Authors: Menendez Cintia A. , Nador Fabiana , Radivoy Gabriel , Gerbino Dario C.
Published: November 2014

A novel and magnetically recoverable catalyst consisting of copper nanoparticles on nanosized silica coated maghemite is utilized for the convenient synthesis of xanthones.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalyzed C3‐Arylation of 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐pyridones.
Authors: Anagnostaki Elissavet E. , Fotiadou Anna D. , Demertzidou Vera , Zografos Alexandros L.
Published: November 2014

The first direct arylation of 4‐hydroxy‐2‐pyridones with aryl boronic acids under palladium acetate catalysis is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Directed Functionalization of 1,2‐Dihydropyridines: Stereoselective Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted Piperidines.
Authors: Pelletier Guillaume , Constantineau‐Forget Lea , Charette Andre B.
Published: November 2014

A rapid and stereoselective synthetic method for the generation of 2,6‐cis‐disubstituted piperidines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free Iodine‐Promoted Haloamination of Unfunctionalized Olefins.
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Gong‐Qing , Cui Bin , Zhang Li , Li Ting‐Ting , Li Lin , Duan Lili , Li Yue‐Ming
Published: November 2014

A facile synthesis of 3‐halopiperidines and 2‐halomethylpiperidines is achieved via iodine catalyzed intramolecular haloamination of amino substituted olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis Through Three‐Component Reactions Catalyzed by FeCl3 of Fused Pyridocoumarins as Inhibitors of Lipid Peroxidation.
Authors: Symeonidis Theodoros S. , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra J. , Litinas Konstantinos E.
Published: November 2014

A series of pyridocoumarins is prepared by this new three‐component reaction of aminocoumarin derivatives, benzaldehyde, and phenylacetylene using FeCl3 as a catalyst either under heating or microwave irradiation leading to similar yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Pyridines via Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Multi‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Shekarrao Kommuri , Kaishap Partha Pratim , Gogoi Sanjib , Boruah Romesh C.
Published: November 2014

The microwave assisted copper catalyzed reaction of halogenated vinyl and aryl aldehydes with alkynes and tert‐butylamine allows the synthesis of steroidal pyridines, isoquinolines, and fused pyridine compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Substituted‐1H‐pyrazolo[4,3‐d]pyrimidin‐7(6H)‐one Analogues and Their Biological Evaluation as Anticancer Agents: mTOR Inhibitors.
Authors: Reddy G. Lakshma , Guru Santosh Kumar , Srinivas M. , Pathania Anup Singh , Mahajan Priya , Nargotra Amit , Bhushan Shashi , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Sawant Sanghapal D.
Published: November 2014

The in vitro anticancer screening of new compounds (III) (20 examples) against human cancer cell lines (HeLa, CAKI‐I, PC‐3, MiaPaca‐2, A549) gives good results.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fused Pyrrolo[3,4‐d]tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives by Proline‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Peng , Wang Hai‐Bo , Wang Yu‐Qin , Zhu Qiu‐Hua , Xie Yang , Liu Shu‐Wen
Published: November 2014

L‐Proline‐catalyzed multi‐component reactions are described to allow the synthesis of pyrrolotetrahydropyrimidine derivatives (IV) and (VIII) from aminomaleimides, aldehydes, and primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Isoindolo[2,1‐a]quinazoline Derivatives in Ionic Liquid Catalyzed by Iodine.
Authors: Lu Lian , Yang Ke , Zhang Mei‐Mei , Wang Xiang‐Shan
Published: November 2014

Title compounds are prepared under mild conditions whereas, the ionic liquid used as solvent can easily be recovered and reused four times with only slight drop of yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one Derivatives in Aqueous Media with β‐Cyclodextrin‐SO3H as a Recyclable Catalyst.
Authors: Wu Jian , Du Xianli , Ma Juan , Zhang Yuping , Shi Qingcai , Luo Lijun , Song Baoan , Yang Song , Hu Deyu
Published: November 2014

A novel methodology for the synthesis of title compounds such as (III), (V), (IX), and (X) by ring closure of 2‐aminobenzamides (I) with aldehydes (II) or ketones (IV) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Cross‐Coupling of Pyridine‐N‐Oxides with Uracils.
Authors: Kianmehr Ebrahim , Rezaeefard Masoud , Rezazadeh Khalkhali Mehran , Khan Khalid Mohammed
Published: November 2014

An efficient protocol is developed for the synthesis of uracil substituted pyridine‐N‐oxides which can be readily deoxygenated to give the corresponding pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: AgI Nanoparticles as a Remarkable Catalyst in the Synthesis of (Amidoalkyl)naphthol and Oxazine Derivatives: An Eco‐Friendly Approach.
Authors: Safaei Ghomi Javad , Zahedi Safura , Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Ali
Published: November 2014

Facile and environmentally friendly routes for the synthesis of amidoalkylnaphthol (VII) and related oxazine derivatives [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Task‐Specific Ionic Liquid‐Mediated Facile Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Triaryltriazines by Cyclotrimerization of Imines and Their Biological Evaluation.
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Jain Anuj K. , Sharma Sonam
Published: November 2014

The ionic liquid is recycled and reused without decreasing yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Nitrosation and Addition—Elimination of Nitroacetanilides for the Highly Efficient Synthesis of 1,4,2,5‐Dioxadiazine Derivatives.
Authors: Mo Shanyan , Huang Peipei , Xu Jiaxi
Published: November 2014

The key intermediate is the aci‐nitroso species, which is stabilized by the conjugated aryl moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Amidoarylation and Hydroarylation of Alkyne via C—H Activation: Switchable Synthesis of 3,4‐Fused Tricyclic Indoles and Chromans.
Authors: Zhang Xue , Li Yifei , Shi Hui , Zhang Lunan , Zhang Shanshan , Xu Xianxiu , Liu Qun
Published: November 2014

The amidoarylation pathway is sensitive to the electronic effect of the alkyne substituent, whereas the E‐selective hydroarylation pathway is relatively insensitive to electronic as well as steric effects of the substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: P(n‐Bu)3 Catalyzed Reactions of Salicyl N‐Thiophosphinyl Imines with Allenylphosphonates: Synthesis of Phosphono‐Chromans.
Authors: Rama Suresh R. , Prasad Tulichala R. N. , Kotikalapudi Ramesh , Kumara Swamy K. C.
Published: November 2014

Optimum reaction conditions are examined for the reaction of N‐thiophosphinyl imines (I) with allenylphosphonates (II) or (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Panaginsene with Structural Revision.
Authors: Geum Sujeong , Lee Hee‐Yoon
Published: November 2014

In order to confirm the proposed structure of the tricyclic sesquiterpene panaginsene (I), which is isolated from the roots of Panax ginseng, the total synthesis of (I) and its epimer (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: NF‐ϰB Inhibitory Activity of Polyoxygenated Steroids from the Vietnamese Soft Coral Sarcophyton pauciplicatum.
Authors: Thao Nguyen Phuong , Luyen Bui Thi Thuy , Sun Ya Nan , Song Seok Bean , Thanh Nguyen Van , Cuong Nguyen Xuan , Nam Nguyen Hoai , Kiem Phan Van , Kim Young Ho , Minh Chau Van
Published: November 2014

The new steroid sarcopanol A (I) is isolated along with two known polyhydroxylated steroids from the soft coral Sacrophyton pauciplicatum.
ChemInform Abstract: New Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives with Diverse Architectures from Hypericum henryi.
Authors: Yang Xing‐Wei , Ding Yuanqing , Zhang Jing‐Jing , Liu Xia , Yang Li‐Xin , Li Xiao‐Nian , Ferreira Daneel , Walker Larry A. , Xu Gang
Published: November 2014

Hyphenrones A‐F (I)‐(V) are isolated from the title plant.
ChemInform Abstract: An Atlas of Two‐Dimensional Materials
Authors: Miro Pere , Audiffred Martha , Heine Thomas
Published: November 2014

Review: categorization, manufacturing, properties; 132 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Changes Concurrent with Ferromagnetic Transition
Authors: Yang Sen , Bao Hui‐Xin , Chao Zhou , Yu Wang , Ren Xiao‐Bing , Song Xiao‐Ping , Matsushita Yoshitaka , Katsuya Yoshio , Tanaka Masahiko , Kobayashi Keisuke
Published: November 2014

Review: this review is intended to give a self‐consistent and logical account of strucural change occurring simultaneously with a ferromagnetic transition, which may provide new insight for developing highly magneto‐responsive materials; 75 refs
ChemInform Abstract: Review of Magnetocaloric Effect in Perovskite‐type Oxides
Authors: Zhong Wei , Au Chak‐Tong , Du You‐Wei
Published: November 2014

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mn‐based Antiperovskite Functional Materials: Review of Research
Authors: Tong Peng , Wang Bo‐Sen , Sun Yu‐Ping
Published: November 2014

Review: emphasis on magnetic and thermal properties; 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Catalytic Functionalization of N‐Oxide Compounds via C—H Bond Activation
Authors: Yan Guobing , Borah Arun Jyoti , Yang Minghua
Published: November 2014

Review: [60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Transformations Accelerated in Continuous‐Flow Reactors: Basic Concepts and Applications
Authors: Su Yuanhai , Straathof Natan J. W. , Hessel Volker , Noel Timothy
Published: November 2014

Review: [130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycerol as Suitable Solvent for the Synthesis of Metallic Species and Catalysis
Authors: Chahdoura Faouzi , Favier Isabelle , Gomez Montserrat
Published: November 2014

Review: [76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine Chalcogenides
Authors: Keglevich G.
Published: November 2014

Review: 109 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interactions in Ionic Liquids Probed by in situ NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Giernoth Ralf , Broehl Andreas , Brehm Martin , Lingscheid Yves
Published: November 2014

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sortase‐Based Bio‐Organic Strategies for Macromolecular Synthesis
Authors: Haridas V. , Sadanandan Sandhya , Dheepthi N. U.
Published: November 2014

Review: [44 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Covalent Glycosidase Inhibitors to Activity‐Based Glycosidase Probes
Authors: Overkleeft Hermen S. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2014

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Squaraines as Light‐Capturing Materials in Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Jiang Jian‐Qiao , Sun Chun‐Lin , Shi Zi‐Fa , Zhang Hao‐Li
Published: November 2014

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conductive Polymers/Zeolite (nano‐)Composites: Under‐Exploited Materials
Authors: Jaymand Mehdi
Published: November 2014

Review: 164 refs.
Combined composite likelihood
Authors: Kenne Pagui Euloge Clovis , Salvan Alessandra , Sartori Nicola
Published: November 2014

Composite likelihood appears to be an appealing alternative to the full likelihood when the latter is too complex. For a given model, there may be different ways to formulate a composite likelihood, for example, pairwise marginal or conditional likelihood. To guide the choice, we develop a suggestion in Cox & Reid (2004) and we explore a combination of pairwise and independence likelihoods which leads to a new objective function that depends on a constant to be chosen. Exact and asymptotic properties are explored. The former allow to identify a range of admissible values for the constant, while efficiency considerations can be used to choose an optimal value. Two examples are analysed in detail, also through simulation studies.The Canadian Journal of Statistics42: 525–543; 2014 © 2014 Statistical Society of Canada
Evaluating p97 Inhibitor Analogues for Their Domain Selectivity and Potency against the p97–p47 Complex
Authors: Fang Chen‐Jie , Gui Lin , Zhang Xiaoyi , Moen Derek R. , Li Kelin , Frankowski Kevin J. , Lin Henry J. , Schoenen Frank J. , Chou Tsui‐Fen
Published: November 2014

We previously found that p97 ATPase inhibitors 2‐(2‐amino‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐1‐yl)‐N‐benzyl‐8‐methoxyquinazolin‐4‐amine (ML240) and 2‐(2H‐benzo[b][1,4]oxazin‐4(3H)‐yl)‐N‐benzyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydroquinazolin‐4‐amine (ML241) specifically target the D2 domain of wild‐type p97. In addition, one of the major p97 cofactors, p47, decreases their potencies by ∼50‐fold. In contrast, N2,N4‐dibenzylquinazoline‐2,4‐diamine (DBeQ) targets both the D1 and D2 domains and shows only a four‐ to sixfold decrease in potency against the p97–p47 complex. To elucidate structure–activity relationships for the inhibitors, we screened 200 p97 inhibitor analogues for their ability to inhibit the ATPase activity of either or both of the D1 or D2 domains, as well for their effects on p47 potency. The selectivity of 29 of these compounds was further examined by eight‐dose titrations. Four compounds showed modest selectivity for inhibiting the ATPase activity of D1. Eleven compounds inhibited D2 with greater potencies, and four showed similar potencies against D1 and D2. p47 decreased the potencies of the majority of the compounds and increased the potencies of five compounds. These results highlight the possibility of developing domain‐selective and complex‐specific p97 inhibitors in order to further elucidate the physiological roles of p97 and its cofactors.