bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salt trade of Vietnamese people in Long Son, Vung Tau City, Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province
Authors: Pham Duc Van
Published: October 2018

Salt trade of Vietnamese people in Long Son Commune has a long standing history. Salt production here takes place in the dry season, starting from September to March according to Lunar Calendar. This is the period of high salinity in sea water with no rain and most stable sunshine and wind within a year. This paper mainly documents life, experiences and methods of salt production of salt makers in Long Son. Currently, salt making is mainly processed by traditionally manual methods which very much depend on the nature, quantity and price of the output. The area of salt fields being resized to a smaller scale has led to less income of salt production and a threat of being competed by other sectors with more income. Besides, present projects of decreasing salt field areas by local government seem to be enormous challenges for the salt production and salt makers in Long Son.
Preservation and promotion of Đờn ca Tài tử in the Southwest
Authors: Huynh Tin Cong
Published: October 2018

In the South of Vietnam exist many cultural heritages of the Kinh which need to be preserved, such as “ca Vọng cổ”, “Cải lương”, “Đờn ca Tài tử” etc. Recently, “Đờn ca Tài tử” has, with honour, been recorded as intangible cultural heritage of humanity by UNESCO. That is good news, but it is not easy at all to preserve and promote cutural heritage of this kind in the current socio-economic situation. Therefore, a great concern of the whole society is needed. This paper refers to the actual state of “Đờn ca Tài tử” at present: lack of communication strategy, heavily subsidized without economic effects, etc. From there, the paper tries to make some suggestions for the preservation and promotion of this traditional music form which is not only regconized by UNESCO but also admired by a huge number of Southern people, professionals, scientists from many regions in the country with deep concern. The suggestions form an integrated solution including human resources training, initial support from the budget of government, legal activities, tourism models with Đờn ca Tài tử for river cruises, etc.
Solutions to enhance job satisfaction of An Giang power and water supply joint stock company’s employees
Authors: Huynh Tu Thanh , Truong Nghiem Van
Published: October 2018

This article aims to identify factors that affect job satisfaction of employees of An Giang Power and Water Supply Joint Stock Company and suggest solutions to enhance their satisfaction. Six factors affecting the job satisfaction are as follows (ranked in the order of importance): (1) Training and promotion; (2) company policies; (3) co - workers; (4) working conditions; (5) leadership; and (6) the nature of work, in which all factors are found to have a positive correlation with the job satisfaction, except for the nature of work having a negative impact.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MOTIVASI BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS MAHASISWANON-PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Dauyah Ema , Yulinar Yulinar
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that affect the students motivation of Non-English student’s of Teacher Training and Education Faculty (FKIP), Universitas Abulyatama. It also aims to evaluate which of the subfactor of motivation gives more impact towards thestudents learning. The study utilized the qualitative research methodby incorporating the questionnaire which consisted of 2 factors of intrinsic motivation and 3 factors of extrinsic motivation where each of sub factor consisted of 10 questions. The questionnaire was in the form of Likert Scale.The sample was 50 students from different major of FKIP that was chosen by using purposive random sampling. The data from the questionnaire was analysed by using statistical procedure and explained descriptively. The finding showed that the extrinsic motivation was more contributive towards thestudents’ motivation (39,66) compared to intrinsic factor (36,65). The result also showed that two sub factor of extrinsic motivation; quality of the lecturer and teaching learning (40,2) and the supporting learning facilities (39,6) were two dominant factors that can improve the students motivation.Thus, This result gives the the implication on what should be consider in the language learning especially in learning English. As such, the quality of the lecturer and the learning facilities should be improved as it will increase the students motivation in the language learning
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO DIREITO A PARTIR DO MODELO COOPERATIVO DE PROCESSO
Authors: Freitas Sérgio Henriques Zandona , Campos Felipe De Almeida
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo científico busca analisar o modelo cooperativo de processo, sob o viés da análise econômica do direito, previsto expressamente no atual artigo 6º do Código de Processo Civil (CPC/2015), como instituto tendente a minimizar os riscos econômicos do processo, concentrados, nesta análise, no tempo de sua duração e nos custos gerados pelo desgaste provocado pelas longas esperas para a prática e conclusão dos atos processuais, objetivando debater a correlação entre a Teoria do Processo Constitucional, o novo modelo de processo cooperativo e sua efetividade para a análise econômica do direito. Adota-se, como marco teórico, o processo constitucional no Estado Democrático de Direito, proposto por Ronaldo Brêtas de Carvalho Dias e o Modelo de Processo Cooperativo, de Fredie Didier Jr, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e do método jurídico-dedutivo.
Responsabilidade dos meios de comunicação tradicionais e digitais
Authors: Martinez Regina Célia , Soares de Arruda Filho Daniel
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho versa sobre a responsabilidade dos meios de comunicação tradicionais e digitais ou seja, “off lines”(tradicionais) e “on lines”(eletrônicos) face as ameaças ou ofensas praticadas, que violam  frontalmente a dignidade da pessoa humana no contexto do Direito Ambiental Cultural brasileiro.
Characteristics of Maternal Mortality Cases in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Irawan Ferry Y , Indarti Junita
Published: October 2018

Objective: To identify the characteristics of maternal mortality cases in a tertiary hospital in Jakarta, including socio-demographic characteristics, previous medical and obstetric history, and patient’s clinical condition on arrival at the hospital.

Method: This was a survey to identify the descriptive data of maternal mortality cases through medical records during study period. Manual review of 51 medical records was conducted for 2 years from January 2013 to December 2014 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM).

Result: Of 51 cases of maternal deaths, 46 subjects (90.19%) had nine years of minimum education background. There were two subjects less than 21 years old and another was 42 years old. None of these subjects were using intrauterine device (IUD) or implant as the contraceptive methods where 66.6% subjects with underlying disease never used contraception. Ninety-two percent of subjects did antenatal care (ANC) regularly and 80.4% (41 subjects) of them was done in midwives. There were 14 subjects (29.78%) who had ANC in the first trimester of pregnancy. Severe preeclampsia is the most prevalent complication in pregnancy (26 subjects, 65%), which all (100%) patients arrived at RSCM with HELLP Syndrome. Therefore, preeclampsia was the leading cause of death in RSCM.

Conclusion: The characteristics of maternal death in RSCM are prevalent in the group of 25-34 years old with the high school as the educational background. Most of them are multiparity and do not use the long-term contraceptive methods. Preeclampsia is the major cause of maternal death in RSCM.

Keywords: maternal mortality, risk factors, tertiary hospital
Classic Antiphospholipid and Antiphosphatidylserine Antibody Profile in Suspected Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Patient
Authors: Suryadi Angga J , Sumapradja Kanadi
Published: October 2018

Objective: To compare the classic examination results of antiphospholipid

(aPS) and antiphospatidylserine (aPL) antibody profile to

establish the diagnosis from suspected antiphospholipid antibody

syndrome (APS) patient in order to state the subsequent treatment

strategies.

Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted

at outpatient clinics of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

(RSCM) from January to December 2015. The laboratory test was

held in Clinical Pathology Laboratory RSCM/Faculty of Medicine

Universitas Indonesia (FKUI) and in corporation with Prodia laboratory.

Result: All of normal patients did not have positive result in any

laboratory examination (Lupus Anti-coagulant (LA), anticardiolipin

(aCL), anti-?2 glycoprotein I (anti-?2GPI), and aPS). In patient suspected

APS, 11 (37.1%) patients had positive aCL, 7 (25.9%) patients

had positive anti-?2GPI, and 11 (37.1%) patients had positive

aPS. The most positive cross laboratory examination was between

aCL and aPS (25.9%). In this study, we found the most positive test

result was aCL and aPS (62.9%). From this study, suspected APS patient

who had negative result in classic laboratory examination, but

showing the positive result in aPS was in 5 (18.5%) patients.

Conclusion: All normal pregnant patients do not have any positive

classic examination and aPS. Meanwhile, in patients with suspected

APS, less than 20% patients show positive result of aPS with negative

result in classic laboratory examination.

Keywords: antiphospatidylserine, antiphospolipid syndrome
Efficacy and Safety of Cryotherapy in "See and Treat" Program in Jakarta Primary Health Centre
Authors: Lestari Linda , Purwoto Gatot , Nuranna Laila
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryotherapy in "See

and Treat" program in Jakarta Primary Health Care.

Method: Using descriptive cross-sectional design, data from medical

records were taken with total sampling method. We took the VIA

result, cryotherapy procedure, first-marriage age, number of

marriage, parity, smoking habit, and the use of contraception. Data

were analyzed univariately.

Result: Of 86 data, the percentage of cryotherapy to change from

positive to negative of VIA result was 90.70%. We did not find the

progressivity to invasive cancer.

Conclusion: Cryotherapy is effective to manage the cervical precancerous

lesion in "See and Treat" program.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 4-4: 227-233]

Keywords: cryotherapy, Indonesia, see and treat, visual inspection

of acetic acid (VIA)
E FORMOU O SENHOR DEUS O HOMEM E O INCONSCIENTE
Authors: Alcantara Sergio P. Gil de
Published: October 2018

A proposta deste trabalho está baseada na análise, com auxílio das ciências humanas, dos três primeiros capítulos do texto bíblico em Gênesis, advindos da literatura mítica hebraica, sobre a narrativa psicodinâmica da criação do homem, e de tudo o que há. São abordadas questões sobre a "queda" do homem, e o consequente "exílio", e a relação entre o Criador e criação. Para tanto, são contemplados os olhares da teologia, da história das religiões, e dos conceitos psicanalíticos, utilizados para abordagem das motivações e propósitos intrínsecos no texto, em relação ao homem, assim como seus desejos, perversões, conflitos, culpa, e sentimentos de perda. A perspectiva que motiva este trabalho se dá em aprofundamento de tais acontecimentos em narrativa, como mecanismos utilizados pelo próprio homem em tentativa de redução da ansiedade inerente. A narrativa mesopotâmica ajudaria na compreensão do crescimento psíquico da humanidade diante do enfrentamento dos problemas existentes no mundo.
UMA ABORDAGEM ECOTEOLÓGICA DE GÊNESIS 1.27 E 2.15:
Authors: Ribeiro Reyth Da Cunha , Ferreira Sulianne Idalior Paião
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho vem estabelecer um diálogo entre a teologia e a ecologia a partir da análise das passagens bíblicas de Gênesis 1.27 e 2.7 e a inserção do teólogo/da teóloga no contexto desta realidade. Este encontro faz emergir como resultado a ecoteologia, onde a teologia se encontra com a natureza e a ecologia, de onde vem construir um pensamento não de partes isoladas na cultura atual, mas se preocupa com a interação entre as partes, as quais podem interferir na ética cristã. Ela aborda a inter-relação entre os valores a conservação do meio ambiente, como a sustentabilidade, e o poder da dominação humana, com seu consumismo. Resumindo o papel da ecoteologia é criar uma consciência ambiental e levar a uma reflexão religiosa, relacionar o homem/a mulher e a terra, objetos da criação de um ser sobrenatural, ou melhor, a ecoteologia aborda a vida. Assim, o trabalho vem levantar a importância da ecoteologia na vida cotidiana cristã, sendo o ser humano um ser racional e gerador de impactos para si próprio e todo o ecossistema. Portanto o artigo reflete sobre o papel do teólogo/ da teóloga como propagador/propagadora da educação ambiental, sendo considerado como um importante gerador de influências. Os textos bíblicos abordados vêm refletir o pensamento do ser humano como administrador/a do planeta Terra, cuja função se torna equilibrar o desenvolvimento da humanidade com a preocupação e proteção acerca do meio ambiente, garantindo a salubridade do planeta para as futuras gerações.
APOCRIFICIDADE E CANÔN:
Authors: Terra Kenner Roger Cazotto
Published: October 2018

O artigo apresentará o livro  Pastor de Hermas, citado em obras de importantes figuras da Igreja Antiga,  como Irineu e Clemente de Alexandria,  mostrando como possuiu certa autoridade até ser taxado como apócrifa durante o papado de Gelásio, no século V.  Neste paper apresentar-se-á o tratamento dado ao Pastor de Hermas, se interpretará suas posições religiosas e, por fim, observar-se-ão as preocupações ascéticas e as relações sócio-religiosas entre os pobres e ricos que também aparecem na carta canônica de Tiago.
Learning Representations of Natural Language Texts with Generative Adversarial Networks at Document, Sentence, and Aspect Level
Authors: Vlachostergiou Aggeliki , Caridakis George , Mylonas Phivos , Stafylopatis Andreas
Published: October 2018

The ability to learn robust, resizable feature representations from unlabeled data has potential applications in a wide variety of machine learning tasks. One way to create such representations is to train deep generative models that can learn to capture the complex distribution of real-world data. Generative adversarial network (GAN) approaches have shown impressive results in producing generative models of images, but relatively little work has been done on evaluating the performance of these methods for the learning representation of natural language, both in supervised and unsupervised settings at the document, sentence, and aspect level. Extensive research validation experiments were performed by leveraging the 20 Newsgroups corpus, the Movie Review (MR) Dataset, and the Finegrained Sentiment Dataset (FSD). Our experimental analysis suggests that GANs can successfully learn representations of natural language texts at all three aforementioned levels.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 in Urumqi, China: Temporal Variations, Health Risk, and Sources
Authors: Rekefu Suwubinuer , Talifu Dilinuer , Gao Bo , Turap Yusan , Maihemuti Mailikezhati , Wang Xinming , Abulizi Abulikemu
Published: October 2018

PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 samples were simultaneously collected in Urumqi from January to December 2011, and 14 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. The mean concentrations of total PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were 20.90~844.22 ng m−3 and 19.65~176.5 ng m−3 respectively, with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. Above 80% of PAHs were enriched in PM2.5, which showed remarkable seasonal variations compared to coarse particles. High molecular weight (HMW) PAHs were predominant in PM2.5 (46.61~85.13%), whereas the proportions of lower molecular weight (LMW) and HMW PAHs in PM2.5–10 showed a decreasing and an increasing trend, respectively, from spring to winter. The estimated concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene equivalent carcinogenic potency (BaPeq) in PM2.5 (10.49~84.52 ng m−3) were higher than that of in PM2.5–10 (1.15~13.33 ng m−3) except in summer. The estimated value of inhalation cancer risk in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were 1.63 × 10−4~7.35 × 10−3 and 9.94 × 10−5~1.16 × 10−3, respectively, far exceeding the health-based guideline level of 10−4. Diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization results demonstrated that PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were from similar sources, such as coal combustion, biomass burning, coking, and petroleum combustion, respectively. Coal combustion was the most important source for PAHs both in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10, accounting for 54.20% and 50.29%, respectively.
Estimation of Activity Interaction Parameters in Fe-S-j Systems
Authors: Ju Tianhua , Ding Xueyong , Zhang Yingyi , Chen Weiliang , Cheng Xiangkui , Wang Bo , Dai Jingxin , Yan Xinlin
Published: October 2018

It is important to know the activity interaction parameters between components in melts in the process of metallurgy. However, it’s considerably difficult to measure them experimentally, relying still to a large extent on theoretical calculations. In this paper, the first-order activity interaction parameter ( e s j ) of j on sulphur in Fe-based melts at 1873 K is investigated by a calculation model established by combining the Miedema model and Toop-Hillert geometric model as well as considering excess entropy and mixing enthalpy. We consider two strategies, with or without using excess entropy in the calculations. Our results show that: (1) the predicted values are in good agreement with those recommended by Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); and (2) the agreement is even better when excess entropy is considered in the calculations. In addition, the deviations of our theoretical results from experimental values | e S ( exp ) j − e S ( cal ) j | depend on the element j’s locations in the periodic table.
Co-Optimization of Energy and Reserve Capacity Considering Renewable Energy Unit with Uncertainty
Authors: Hassan Muhammad Wajahat , Rasheed Muhammad Babar , Javaid Nadeem , Nazar Waseem , Akmal Muhammad
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a system model for optimal dispatch of the energy and reserve capacity considering uncertain load demand and unsteady power generation. This implicates uncertainty in managing the power demand along with the consideration of utility, user and environmental objectives. The model takes into consideration a day-ahead electricity market that involves the varying power demand bids and generates a required amount of energy in addition with reserve capacity. The lost opportunity cost is also considered and incorporated within the context of expected load not served. Then, the effects of combined and separate dispatching the energy and reserve are investigated. The nonlinear cost curves have been addressed by optimizing the objective function using robust optimization technique. Finally, various cases in accordance with underlying parameters have been considered in order to conduct and evaluate numerical results. Simulation results show the effectiveness of proposed scheduling model in terms of reduced cost and system stability.
Optimization of Control Variables and Design of Management Strategy for Hybrid Hydraulic Vehicle
Authors: Škugor Branimir , Petrić Joško
Published: October 2018

The article deals with optimization of control variables and design of management strategy for a hybrid hydraulic vehicle in parallel configuration. Conventionally driven delivery truck with experimentally verified data from the previous research is taken as a starting base and benchmark for comparison of the benefits of hybridization. Optimization of control variables is carried out using dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to gain insight into optimum operation of the driveline and minimum possible fuel consumption for five different driving cycles. Two rule based management strategies are given and compared, one of which is improved and innovative, based on the knowledge gained from DP results. Hybrid driveline can reduce fuel consumption from 5% to 30% depending on the driving cycle. More dynamic cycles with lot of "stop-and-go" events score greater reduction. Innovative management strategy has achieved a similar distribution of internal combustion engine (ICE) operating points as DP optimization but this did not result in a consistent reduction of fuel consumption compared to basic management strategy for all cycles. That is explained by the state of charge (SoC) behaviour and reducing the potential for recovery of regenerative braking energy.
The Influence of Intra-Array Wake Dynamics on Depth-Averaged Kinetic Tidal Turbine Energy Extraction Simulations
Authors: Piano Marco , Robins Peter E. , Davies Alan G. , Neill Simon P.
Published: October 2018

Assessing the tidal stream energy resource, its intermittency and likely environmental feedbacks due to energy extraction, relies on the ability to accurately represent kinetic losses in ocean models. Energy conversion has often been implemented in ocean models with enhanced turbine stress terms formulated using an array-averaging approach, rather than implementing extraction at device-scale. In depth-averaged models, an additional drag term in the momentum equations is usually applied. However, such array-averaging simulations neglect intra-array device wake interactions, providing unrealistic energy extraction dynamics. Any induced simulation error will increase with array size. For this study, an idealized channel is discretized at sub 10 m resolution, resolving individual device wake profiles of tidal turbines in the domain. Sensitivity analysis is conducted on the applied turbulence closure scheme, validating results against published data from empirical scaled turbine studies. We test the fine scale model performance of several mesh densities, which produce a centerline velocity wake deficit accuracy (R2) of 0.58–0.69 (RMSE = 7.16–8.28%) using a k-Ɛ turbulence closure scheme. Various array configurations at device scale are simulated and compared with an equivalent array-averaging approach by analyzing channel flux differential. Parametrization of array-averaging energy extraction techniques can misrepresent simulated energy transfer and removal. The potential peak error in channel flux exceeds 0.5% when the number of turbines nTECs ≈ 25 devices. This error exceeds 2% when simulating commercial-scale turbine array farms (i.e., >100 devices).
Multi-Dimensional Sparse-Coded Ambient Backscatter Communication for Massive IoT Networks
Authors: Kim Tae Yeong , Kim Dong In
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional sparse-coded ambient backscatter communication (MSC-AmBC) system for long-range and high-rate massive Internet of things (IoT) networks. We utilize the characteristics of the ambient sources employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation to mitigate strong direct-link interference and improve signal detection of AmBC at the reader. Also, utilization of the sparsity originated from the duty-cycling operation of batteryless RF tags is proposed to increase the dimension of signal space of backscatter signals to achieve either diversity or multiplexing gains in AmBC. We propose optimal constellation mapping and reflection coefficient projection and expansion methods to effectively construct multi-dimensional constellation for high-order backscatter modulation while guaranteeing sufficient energy harvesting opportunities at these tags. Simulation results confirm the feasibility of the long-range and high-rate AmBC in massive IoT networks where a huge number of active ambient sources and passive RF tags coexist.
Engaging Middle School Students in Authentic Scientific Practices Can Enhance Their Understanding of Ecosystem Response to Hurricane Disturbance
Authors: McGee Steven , Durik Amanda M. , Zimmerman Jess K. , McGee-Tekula Randi , Duck Jennifer
Published: October 2018

Ecosystem response to hurricane disturbance is complex and multi-faceted. The likelihood of increased frequency of severe hurricanes creates a need for the general public to understand how ecosystems respond to hurricanes. Yet, opportunities to study disturbances to complex systems are rare in U.S. K–12 schools. Educators and researchers in the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research program used the results of research on ecosystem response to hurricane disturbance in the Luquillo Experimental Forest as a foundation for the development of Journey to El Yunque, a web-based, middle-school curriculum unit. The program engages students in using models as evidence to develop explanations for how particular species respond to hurricane disturbance. Prior research in education has shown that engaging students in a particular role, like that of a scientist, could have detrimental effects on students’ abilities to transfer what is learned from one context to another. In this research, we sought to understand whether having students engage in authentic scientific practices could support transfer of knowledge to the abstract context of a standards-based assessment. Students were randomly assigned to engage in the program in the role of a scientist or in the role of a student learning about an ecosystem. The dependent variables included students’ comprehension of the background readings, their predictions of population changes, and their overall learning of ecology. The results indicate that taking on a scientist role during the learning activities had an indirect effect on general ecology knowledge by increasing the quality of students’ notetaking during background reading. The results also indicate that students struggled to use their knowledge to develop a robust explanation for how species respond to hurricane disturbance. Journey to El Yunque provides a framework for engaging students in authentic investigations of hurricane disturbance. Future research will examine how to improve the quality of students’ final explanations.
In War Time: Dialectics of Descent, Consent, and Conflict in American Nationalism
Authors: Grant Susan-Mary
Published: October 2018

The United States, according to sociologist Seymour Martin Lipset, was the ‘first new nation’. It may be at least anticipated, therefore, that genealogy, history, and the narration of time would prove more than usually complicated in a political state united across time and space solely by a civic idealism, and a people bound together only by what president Abraham Lincoln romantically described as ‘mystic chords of memory’. In order to probe the nationalist lineaments of America’s particular approach to locating the nation in time and in tradition, this paper traces a genealogy of American nationalism by interrogating three specific national discourses that have been of significance to the United States since its colonial beginnings. First, the identification of America as the New Israel in the New World; the attempt to inscribe the nation into spiritual, Biblical time. Second, the racial distinctions that America deployed to sustain a civic version of ethnic genealogical determinants, and to construct a coherent narrative of national lineage that embedded its citizens in time and space. And, finally, the role that conflict played, and still plays as both a central core and historical framework for both the narration, and the collapsing of time in the United States today.
Into the Texan Sunset: Metanostalgia, Retro-, and Introspection in Lars Gustafsson’s “Where the Alphabet Has Two Hundred Letters”
Authors: Freij Maria
Published: October 2018

If restorative nostalgia concentrates on national past and future and reflective nostalgia on individual memory (Boym 2001), Lars Gustafsson’s “Where the Alphabet Has Two Hundred Letters” does neither. This article argues that Gustafsson’s treatment of the past landscape is metanostalgic, in the sense that nostalgia is a theme and a means, rather than a sentiment, and that the way his tropic reinvention deals with nostalgia differs from other uses. Though the poem partakes in the pastoral tradition, it is less concerned with this mode and more concerned with the notion of ‘effect’, of which Gustafsson has written extensively. Gustafsson has also elaborated on the aspects of ‘centre’ and ‘periphery’, notions that are used to define and extend the poetic landscape and the speaker’s position in, and relation to, it. His poetic landscape encompasses the extremes of continents near and far, but also landscapes temporally removed, which may hold a different status in terms of their impact on ‘effect’, a status that is then not hinging on the obvious hierarchies of traditional nostalgia.
Life Satisfaction, Interpersonal Relationships, and Learning Influence Withdrawal from School: A Study among Junior High School Students in Japan
Authors: Inoue Sachiko , Kato Tsuguhiko , Yorifuji Takashi
Published: October 2018

School absenteeism, particularly among junior high school students, has increased annually in Japan. This study demonstrates the relationship between subjective adjustment to school life and students’ absenteeism. Data were collected from 17,378 junior high school students in Japan. A longitudinal design was used for the study. Teachers were asked to distribute the Adaptation Scale for School Environments on Six Spheres (ASSESS) questionnaire to junior high school students and ask the students to fill out the questionnaire at the beginning of the 2014 academic year in April 2014, and the relationship between their subjective adjustment and absenteeism as measured by the total number of absent days during the 2014 academic year was evaluated by logistic regression and a survival analysis model. Low life satisfaction was associated with absences. The corresponding odds ratio (OR) was higher for seventh graders (OR 3.29, confidence interval (CI): 2.41–4.48, hazard ratio (HR) 5.57, CI: 3.51–8.84) than for students in other grades. Interpersonal relationships were significantly related to absenteeism for seventh and eighth graders in the group with scores less than 39 points. Lower adjustment to learning seemed to be related to absenteeism for seventh and eighth graders. For effective interventions, a well-designed study that uses detailed information regarding life-related covariates is necessary.
Fly Ash Modified Coalmine Solid Wastes for Stabilization of Trace Metals in Mining Damaged Land Reclamation: A Case Study in Xuzhou Coalmine Area
Authors: Huang Jiu , Wang Peng , Xu Chaorong , Zhu Zhuangzhuang
Published: October 2018

In China, coalmine wastes, such as gangues, are used for reclamation of mining subsided land. However, as waste rocks, gangues contain several trace metal elements, which could be released under natural weathering and hydrodynamic leaching effects and then migrate into the reclamed soil layer. However, it is very difficult to find adequate other backfill materials for substitution of gangues. In this paper, we present a novel method and case study to restrict the migration ability of trace metal elements in gangues by using another kind of coalmine solid waste—fly ashes from coal combustion. In this study, fly ashes were mixed with gangues in different mass proportions 1:0.2, 1:0.4, 1:0.6 and 1:0.8 as new designed backfill materials. Due to the help of fly ash, the occurrence states of studied trace metal elements were greatly changed, and their releasing and migration ability under hydrodynamic leaching effect were also significantly restricted. In this research seven trace metal elements in gangues Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn and Ni were studied by using soil column hydrodynamical leaching method and simulated precipitation for one year. The results show that under the driving of natural precipitation trace metal elements were generally transported deep inside the reconstructed land base, i.e., far away from soil layer and most of the trace metal elements were transformed into a bonded state, or combined in inert occurrence states, especially the residual state. With this method, the migration activities of tested trace metal elements were greatly restricted and the environmental potential risk could be significantly reduced.
Structural and Comparative Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of Pyrus hopeiensis—“Wild Plants with a Tiny Population”—and Three Other Pyrus Species
Authors: Li Yongtan , Zhang Jun , Li Longfei , Gao Lijuan , Xu Jintao , Yang Minsheng
Published: October 2018

Pyrus hopeiensis is a valuable wild resource of Pyrus in the Rosaceae. Due to its limited distribution and population decline, it has been listed as one of the “wild plants with a tiny population” in China. To date, few studies have been conducted on P. hopeiensis. This paper offers a systematic review of P. hopeiensis, providing a basis for the conservation and restoration of P. hopeiensis resources. In this study, the chloroplast genomes of two different genotypes of P. hopeiensis, P. ussuriensis Maxin. cv. Jingbaili, P. communis L. cv. Early Red Comice, and P. betulifolia were sequenced, compared and analyzed. The two P. hopeiensis genotypes showed a typical tetrad chloroplast genome, including a pair of inverted repeats encoding the same but opposite direction sequences, a large single copy (LSC) region, and a small single copy (SSC) region. The length of the chloroplast genome of P. hopeiensis HB-1 was 159,935 bp, 46 bp longer than that of the chloroplast genome of P. hopeiensis HB-2. The lengths of the SSC and IR regions of the two Pyrus genotypes were identical, with the only difference present in the LSC region. The GC content was only 0.02% higher in P. hopeiensis HB-1. The structure and size of the chloroplast genome, the gene species, gene number, and GC content of P. hopeiensis were similar to those of the other three Pyrus species. The IR boundary of the two genotypes of P. hopeiensis showed a similar degree of expansion. To determine the evolutionary history of P. hopeiensis within the genus Pyrus and the Rosaceae, 57 common protein-coding genes from 36 Rosaceae species were analyzed. The phylogenetic tree showed a close relationship between the genera Pyrus and Malus, and the relationship between P. hopeiensis HB-1 and P. hopeiensis HB-2 was the closest.
Traditional Chinese Medicine as a Potential Source for HSV-1 Therapy by Acting on Virus or the Susceptibility of Host
Authors: Li Wen , Wang Xiao-Hua , Luo Zhuo , Liu Li-Fang , Yan Chang , Yan Chang-Yu , Chen Guo-Dong , Gao Hao , Duan Wen-Jun , Kurihara Hiroshi , Li Yi-Fang , He Rong-Rong
Published: October 2018

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the most common virus, with an estimated infection rate of 60–95% among the adult population. Once infected, HSV-1 can remain latent in the host for a lifetime and be reactivated in patients with a compromised immune system. Reactivation of latent HSV-1 can also be achieved by other stimuli. Though acyclovir (ACV) is a classic drug for HSV-1 infection, ACV-resistant strains have been found in immune-compromised patients and drug toxicity has also been commonly reported. Therefore, there is an urge to search for new anti-HSV-1 agents. Natural products with potential anti-HSV-1 activity have the advantages of minimal side effects, reduced toxicity, and they exert their effect by various mechanisms. This paper will not only provide a reference for the safe dose of these agents if they are to be used in humans, referring to the interrelated data obtained from in vitro experiments, but also introduce the main pharmacodynamic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against HSV-1. Taken together, TCM functions as a potential source for HSV-1 therapy by direct (blocking viral attachment/absorption/penetration/replication) or indirect (reducing the susceptibility to HSV-1 or regulating autophagy) antiviral activities. The potential of these active components in the development of anti-HSV-1 drugs will also be described.
Type-II tRNAs and Evolution of Translation Systems and the Genetic Code
Authors: Kim Yunsoo , Kowiatek Bruce , Opron Kristopher , Burton Zachary F.
Published: October 2018

Because tRNA is the core biological intellectual property that was necessary to evolve translation systems, tRNAomes, ribosomes, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and the genetic code, the evolution of tRNA is the core story in evolution of life on earth. We have previously described the evolution of type-I tRNAs. Here, we use the same model to describe the evolution of type-II tRNAs, with expanded V loops. The models are strongly supported by inspection of typical tRNA diagrams, measuring lengths of V loop expansions, and analyzing the homology of V loop sequences to tRNA acceptor stems. Models for tRNA evolution provide a pathway for the inanimate-to-animate transition and for the evolution of translation systems, the genetic code, and cellular life.
Endometrial Intracrinology: Oestrogens, Androgens and Endometrial Disorders
Authors: Gibson Douglas A. , Simitsidellis Ioannis , Collins Frances , Saunders Philippa T.K.
Published: October 2018

Peripheral tissue metabolism of steroids (intracrinology) is now accepted as a key way in which tissues, such as the endometrium, can utilise inactive steroids present in the blood to respond to local physiological demands and ‘fine-tune’ the activation or inhibition of steroid hormone receptor-dependent processes. Expression of enzymes that play a critical role in the activation and inactivation of bioactive oestrogens (E1, E2) and androgens (A4, T, DHT), as well as expression of steroid hormone receptors, has been detected in endometrial tissues and cells recovered during the menstrual cycle. There is robust evidence that increased expression of aromatase is important for creating a local microenvironment that can support a pregnancy. Measurement of intra-tissue concentrations of steroids using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry has been important in advancing our understanding of a role for androgens in the endometrium, acting both as active ligands for the androgen receptor and as substrates for oestrogen biosynthesis. The emergence of intracrinology, associated with disordered expression of key enzymes such as aromatase, in the aetiology of common women’s health disorders such as endometriosis and endometrial cancer has prompted renewed interest in the development of drugs targeting these pathways, opening up new opportunities for targeted therapies and precision medicine.
Cepharanthine Enhances TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis Through STAMBPL1-Mediated Downregulation of Survivin Expression in Renal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Shahriyar Sk Abrar , Woo Seon Min , Seo Seung Un , Min Kyoung-jin , Kwon Taeg Kyu
Published: October 2018

Cepharanthine (CEP) is a natural plant alkaloid, and has anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidative and anticancer properties. In this study, we investigated whether CEP could sensitize renal carcinoma Caki cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. CEP alone and TRAIL alone had no effect on apoptosis. However, combined CEP and TRAIL treatment markedly enhanced apoptotic cell death in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. CEP induced downregulation of survivin and cellular-FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) expression at post-translational levels. Ectopic expression of survivin blocked apoptosis by combined treatment with CEP plus TRAIL, but not in c-FLIP overexpression. Interestingly, CEP induced survivin downregulation through downregulation of deubiquitin protein of STAM-binding protein-like 1 (STAMBPL1). Overexpression of STAMBPL1 markedly recovered CEP-mediated survivin downregulation. Taken together, our study suggests that CEP sensitizes TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through downregulation of survivin expression at the post-translational levels in renal carcinoma cells.
Corrosion of the Welded Aluminium Alloy in 0.5 M NaCl Solution. Part 1: Specificity of Development
Authors: Gnedenkov Andrey S. , Sinebryukhov Sergey L. , Mashtalyar Dmitry V. , Vyaliy Igor E. , Egorkin Vladimir S. , Gnedenkov Sergey V.
Published: October 2018

This work consists of two parts. In the first part, the kinetics and mechanism of corrosion on the surface of the welded joint area of the aircraft 1579 aluminium alloy have been studied using SVET (scanning vibrating electrode technique) and SIET (scanning ion-selective electrode technique) in 0.5 M NaCl. The results have revealed the corrosion process development within the weld interface due to the presence of microdefects in the morphological structure. Features of the 1579 Al alloy corrosion have also been investigated through immersion experiments, quantitative analysis of dissolved alloying elements by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy, and corrosion products characterization using XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis. The presence of Mg as an alloying element in the 1579 Al alloy sufficiently increases the bulk pH values as a result of the intensive dissolution of Mg. These factors accelerate the corrosion activity of the studied material in the 0.5 M NaCl solution. Corrosion evolution analysis of the 1579 Al alloy sample showed the importance of the coating formation to protect this alloy against corrosion and to increase the stability of this system in the corrosive media.
Prediction of Defect Formation during Resin Impregnation Process through a Multi-Layered Fiber Preform in Resin Transfer Molding by a Proposed Analytical Model
Authors: Seong Dong Gi , Kim Shino , Lee Doojin , Yi Jin Woo , Kim Sang Woo , Kim Seong Yun
Published: October 2018

It is very important to predict any defects occurring by undesired fiber deformations to improve production yields of resin transfer molding, which has been widely used for mass production of carbon fiber reinforced composite parts. In this study, a simple and efficient analytic scheme was proposed to predict deformations of a multi-layered fiber preform by comparing the forces applied to the preform in a mold of resin transfer molding. Friction coefficient of dry and wet states, permeability, and compressive behavior of unidirectional (UD) and plain woven (PW) carbon fabrics were measured, which were used to predict deformations of the multi-layered fiber preforms with changing their constitution ratios. The model predicted the occurrence, type, and position of fiber deformation, which agreed with the experimental results of the multi-layered preforms.
Structural, Elastic, Electronic and Optical Properties of SrTMO3 (TM = Rh, Zr) Compounds: Insights from FP-LAPW Study
Authors: Shawahni Areej M. , Abu-Jafar Mohammed S. , Jaradat Raed T. , Ouahrani Tarik , Khenata Rabah , Mousa Ahmad A. , Ilaiwi Khaled F.
Published: October 2018

The structural, mechanical, electronic and optical properties of SrTMO3 (TM = Rh, Zr) compounds are investigated by using first principle calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The exchange-correlation potential was treated with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the structural properties. Moreover, the modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) approximation was also employed for the electronic properties. The calculated lattice constants are in good agreement with the available experimental and theoretical results. The elastic constants and their derived moduli reveal that SrRhO3 is ductile and SrZrO3 is brittle in nature. The band structure and the density of states calculations with mBJ-GGA predict a metallic nature for SrRhO3 and an insulating behavior for SrZrO3. The optical properties reveal that both SrRhO3 and SrZrO3 are suitable as wave reflectance compounds in the whole spectrum for SrRhO3 and in the far ultraviolet region (FUV) for SrZrO3.
A 3D MoS2/Graphene Microsphere Coated Separator for Excellent Performance Li-S Batteries
Authors: Yang Shuang , Zhang Junfan , Tan Taizhe , Zhao Yan , Liu Ning , Li Haipeng
Published: October 2018

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are the most prospective energy storage devices. Nevertheless, the poor conductivity of sulfur and the shuttling phenomenon of polysulfides hinder its application. In this paper, flower-like MoS2/graphene nanocomposite is prepared and deposited on a multi-functional separator to enhance the electrochemical behavior of Li-S batteries. The results demonstrated that the MoS2/graphene-coated separator is contributing to inhibit the shuttling phenomenon of polysulfides and improve the integrity of sulfur electrode. The initial discharge capacity of the battery using MoS2/graphene-coated separator at 0.2 C was up to 1516 mAh g−1. After 100 cycles, a reversible capacity of 880 mAh g−1 and a coulombic efficiency of 98.7% were obtained. The improved electrochemical behavior can be due to the nanostructure and Mo-S bond of the MoS2/graphene composite, which can combine physical shielding and chemisorption to prohibit the shuttle effect of polysulfides. The results prove that the MoS2/graphene-coated separator has the potential for feasible application in Li-S batteries to enhance their electrochemical performance.
Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention Strategies for the Delay of Cognitive Impairment in Healthy Aging
Authors: Toman Josef , Klímová Blanka , Vališ Martin
Published: October 2018

Present demographic changes demonstrate that the number of elderly people is growing at a frenetic pace. This shift in population consequently results in many social and economic problems, which burden the social and economic systems of countries. The aging process is associated with age-related diseases, the most common of which are dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, whose main symptom is a decline in cognitive function, especially memory loss. Unfortunately, it cannot be cured. Therefore, alternative approaches, which are cost-effective, safe, and easy to implement, are being sought in order to delay and prevent cognitive impairment. The purpose of this review was to explore the effect of multidomain lifestyle intervention strategies on the delay and/or prevention of cognitive impairment in healthy older individuals. The methods are based on a literature review of available sources found on the research topic in three acknowledged databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The results of the identified original studies reveal that multidomain lifestyle interventions generate significant effects. In addition, these interventions seem feasible, cost-effective, and engaging. Thus, there is a call for the implementation of effective lifestyle prevention programs, which would involve goal-setting and would focus on the prevention of crucial risk factors threatening the target group of elderly people, who are at risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
Tuning the Anti(myco)bacterial Activity of 3-Hydroxy-4-pyridinone Chelators through Fluorophores
Authors: Rangel Maria , Moniz Tânia , Silva André M. N. , Leite Andreia
Published: October 2018

Controlling the sources of Fe available to pathogens is one of the possible strategies that can be successfully used by novel antibacterial drugs. We focused our interest on the design of chelators to address Mycobacterium avium infections. Taking into account the molecular structure of mycobacterial siderophores and considering that new chelators must be able to compete for Fe(III), we selected ligands of the 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone class to achieve our purpose. After choosing the type of chelating unit it was also our objective to design chelators that could be monitored inside the cell and for that reason we designed chelators that could be functionalized with fluorophores. We didn’t realize at the time that the incorporation a fluorophore, to allow spectroscopic detection, would be so relevant for the antimycobacterial effect or to determine the affinity of the chelators towards biological membranes. From a biophysical perspective, this is a fascinating illustration of the fact that functionalization of a molecule with a particular label may lead to a change in its membrane permeation properties and result in a dramatic change in biological activity. For that reason we believe it is interesting to give a critical account of our entire work in this area and justify the statement “to label means to change”. New perspectives regarding combined therapeutic approaches and the use of rhodamine B conjugates to target closely related problems such as bacterial resistance and biofilm production are also discussed.